bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histological and biomechanical evaluation of phosphorylcholine‐coated titanium implants
Authors: Susin Cristiano , Qahash Mohammed , Hall Jan , Sennerby Lars , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjective: Compounds considered for drug delivery from oral implant surfaces in support of local bone formation might themselves influence osseointegration. Phosphorylcholine (PC) polymers have been shown to enhance the biocompatibility of medical devices and to serve as drug delivery systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate local bone formation and osseointegration at PC and positively charged PC (PC+)‐coated endosseous implants in an established rabbit model.Material and Methods: Sixteen adult female New Zealand White rabbits were used. Eight animals received PC‐coated and control titanium porous oxide surface implants placed in the left and right distal femural condyle (trabecular bone) and proximal tibial metaphysis (cortical bone) using aseptic routines. The remaining eight animals similarly received PC+ and control implants. One implant was placed in each femural condyle and two implants in each tibial metaphysis. Experimental and control implants were alternated between the left and right hind legs. Fascia and skin were closed in layers. The animals were euthanized following a 6‐week healing interval for biomechanical (removal torque) and histometric analyses.Results: Peri‐implant bone density was considerably greater at tibial compared with femoral sites within as well as immediately outside the implant threads. However, there were no significant differences in bone density among PC, PC+, and control implants. Nevertheless, bone–implant contact was significantly lower at PC compared with PC+ and control implants in cortical bone (p<0.05). Numerical differences in trabecular bone did not reach statistical significance. The removal torque evaluation revealed significantly lower values for PC compared with PC+ and control sites (p<0.05).Conclusion: The histometric and biomechanical analyses suggest that PC coating may influence biological processes and ultimately osseointegration of endosseous implants. Apparently, incorporation of cationic charges may reverse or compensate for this scenario. Nevertheless, both PC coatings exhibited clinically acceptable osseointegration. In perspective, PC technology appears to be a viable candidate delivery system for agents in support of local bone formation at endosseous implant surfaces.
Cerebellar abscess in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
Authors: Villano Jason So , Ogden Bryan , Goh Angela , Hui Lai Siang , Chow Pierce K.H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground  A cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented with decreased appetite, lethargy, ataxia, disorientation and visual impairment. It was used in a hepatitis B (HBV) study involving injections of HBV plasmid construct (450 μg) and aflatoxin B1 (25 μg/kg) in an effort to develop a model of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods  The case work‐up included physical examination, including assessment of hydration, thoracic and abdominal radiographs and abdominal ultrasound. Clinical pathology included complete blood counts and tests for levels of plasma ammonia (NH3) and serum electrolytes, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and gamma‐glutamyl transferase. Serum samples had also been serially tested for the presence of HBsAg, anti‐HBc antibodies, HBV e‐antigen, and HBV DNA. With a tentative diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy, treatment with lactulose, antibiotics, and fluid therapy was initiated.Results  Clinical pathology and diagnostic imaging performed on the animal revealed no abnormalities except for the hyperammoniemia. Absence of HBV markers in the serum indicated unsuccessful inoculation. Not fully responding to therapeutic intervention, the animal was euthanized. Necropsy revealed fibrous peritoneal adhesions and an abscess in the cerebellopontine angle. Exudate culture indicated the presence of alpha‐hemolytic streptococcus, Eubacterium lentum, and Bacteroides stercoris.Conclusions  Brain abscesses are uncommon in non‐human primates. This case of cerebellar abscess is characterized by important features similar to that found in humans, including the presenting signs and the presence of the above‐cultured bacteria.
Dermatitis in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) experimentally infected with simian immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Wilk Jennifer , Lewis Anne , Lukas Victor 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDermatopathies are common with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, affecting an estimated 90% of HIV patients. Opportunistic infections are common and include viral, bacterial and fungal etiologies. Dermal eruptions from highly active anti‐retroviral therapy (HAART) or antibiotics such as trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMS) are also common, and can be challenging to differentiate from other causes of dermatitis. Presented is a challenging dermatology case involving a six year old male rhesus macaque experimentally infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Skin cultures identified multi‐antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus, with incomplete resolution following appropriate antibiotic treatment. Skin biopsy results indicated non‐specific dermatitis not consistent with typical SIV dermatitis and with a hypersensitivity component. Fungal culture revealed aspergillosis, and the patient responded favorably to oral itraconazole therapy.
Establishing a standardized dental record‐keeping system for a small investigational colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Gibson B.W. , McGuffey L. , Raflo C.P. , Niemiec B.A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground  Dental hygiene is becoming an increasingly important component of quality health care for laboratory animals, especially non‐human primates (NHPs). One key to a successful health care program is an effective and efficient record‐keeping system.Methods  To standardize a dental hygiene program for a small colony of NHPs, we developed a dental recording chart specific for rhesus monkeys. This dental chart was developed using the modified Triadan system. This system numbers teeth across species according to location.Results  An illustrative case report was presented to demonstrate the accurate record keeping and spatial relationship generated from this Old World NHP dental chart design.Conclusion  The development and implementation of a standardized dental chart, as part of a dental hygiene program will help minimize variables that may affect research data.
Sudden cardiac death in 13 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Lammey Michael L. , Lee D. Rick , Ely John J. , Sleeper Meg M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD), presumed secondary to fatal arrhythmias, is a common cause of mortality in captive chimpanzees at the Alamogordo Primate Facility. Over the 6‐year period at the Alamogordo Primate Facility between 2001 and 2006, 13 animals were defined as sudden cardiac death (11 male and 2 female) on the basis of clinical presentation which was 38% of all deaths. All animals had annual physical exams, including electrocardiograms and serial blood pressures. Six of the 13 animals underwent a complete cardiac evaluation by a veterinary cardiologist and all six of these animals were diagnosed with various degrees of cardiomyopathy. Systemic hypertension was noted in two of the 13 cases and antemortem cardiac arrhythmias were seen in all 13 animals. Histological examination of the hearts revealed myocardial fibrosis in 12 chimpanzees. Most of the animals (10/13) that died of sudden cardiac death had cardiomegaly (increased heart weight/body weight ratio) and some degree of myocardial fibrosis noted. Additional data as well as serial diagnostic evaluations will be needed to identify the possible causes of sudden cardiac death in captive chimpanzees.
Assessment of progestin‐only therapy for endometriosis in macaque
Authors: Maginnis G. , Wilk J. , Carroll R. , Slayden O.D. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground  Endometriosis is a condition where endometrium‐like tissue forms lesions at ectopic sites outside the uterus. In women, oral contraceptive pills and progestins are often prescribed as therapy for early stage endometriosis. In contrast, in macaques the disease is frequently advanced at the time of diagnosis and ovariectomy is the standard therapy. However, surgery is contraindicated in many patients. A review of 15 endometriosis cases over the past 10 years at the Oregon National Primate Research Center (ONPRC) revealed that 5 failed to show improvement after ovariectomy and were subsequently euthanized. Therefore, our goal was to assess the feasibility of treating endometriosis in macaques with chronic progesterone (P) as an alternative therapy for the disease.Methods  Seven adult rhesus macaques with advanced endometriosis were identified by clinical symptoms and endometriosis was confirmed by abdominal palpation, ultrasound examination, and/or aspiration of menstrual blood from abdominal cysts. The patients were chronically treated with Silastic capsules that released 5–7 ng P /ml in blood for up to 20 months. During treatment the patients were assessed daily and scored numerically for appetite, activity, attitude, abdominal discomfort and menstruation by the Clinical Veterinary staff. The patients were then re‐examined by abdominal palpation and ultrasound for the disease at the end of treatment.Results  During the first 2 weeks of treatment, endometriotic symptoms improved significantly in all the patients (P < 0.05). This was associated with a significant increase in body weight and significant reduction in abdominal discomfort and menstrual bleeding. Two of the patients gradually developed increased symptoms of the disease after 5 months of treatment. Post‐treatment abdominal examination revealed that 2/5 patients continued to have an abdominal mass even though symptoms were suppressed.Conclusions  We conclude that continuous P treatment of rhesus monkeys provides therapeutic benefit to reduce symptoms of endometriosis and may provide an option for cases where ovariectomy is contraindicated. Supported by RR‐00163.
Cervicovaginal evaluation in macaques used as a model for topical microbicide safety studies
Authors: Scorpio Diana G. , Ruben Dawn S. , Liao Zhaohao , Hildreth James E. , Fletcher Craig A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIntroduction  Macaques are a commonly used non‐human primate (NHP) model to evaluate safety and efficacy of topically applied vaginal microbicides. Cervicovaginal evaluation for topical microbicide safety studies requires proper technique, equipment, supplies, and sequence of sample collection.Materials and methods  Eleven rhesus macaques received a comprehensive sequential cervicovaginal examination under sedation before treatment and 24 hours post‐instillation of test material. Examination was initiated with colposcopy, followed by diagnostics including vaginal culture, pH determination, cervicovaginal lavage, and cervicovaginal biopsy.Results  Overall, the methods performed yielded samples that were appropriate for diagnostic evaluation and interpretation, and the macaques experienced minimal discomfort and complications.Discussion  This paper provides a descriptive summary of compiled techniques required to conduct a safety evaluation for topically applied vaginal microbicides. This novel method‐based approach should be methodically executed when evaluating a vaginally‐applied, topical microbicide candidate.
Diagnosis and prevention of dissemination of tuberculosis in a recently imported rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Shipley Steven T. , Coksaygan Turhan , Johnson David K. , McLeod Charles G. , DeTolla Louis J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThirty‐four (34) days after arrival at our facility, a recently imported rhesus macaque demonstrated a grade 4/5 reaction to intradermal testing with mammalian old tuberculin and a strong positive response in a serum interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) stimulation assay (Primagam®). The affected animal was euthanized to prevent further exposure of the other rhesus in the quarantine room. Necropsy revealed enlarged, caseating mediastinal lymph nodes. Further analysis confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex organisms. Strict isolation measures were initiated and intensive testing of all animals in the affected room began immediately. After 13 weeks of additional testing, none of the animals in the room showed any positive response and all were released from quarantine. This case illustrates the importance of prolonged quarantine of non‐human primates (NHP) and illustrates the usefulness of serology‐based diagnostics as an adjunct to intradermal testing (molecular‐based diagnostics typically refers to polymerase chain reaction, whereas this assay is really serology based, even though it is an in vitro IFN‐γ stimulation assay). It also demonstrates that with proper isolation procedures, the spread of tuberculosis can be prevented in NHP facilities.
Reproductive abnormalities in aged female Macaca fascicularis
Authors: Wilkinson Michele , Walters Sherry , Smith Taryn , Wilkinson Andrew 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackground  Spontaneous reproductive tract abnormalities occurred in six female wild‐caught, Philippine‐origin, Macaca fascicularis. These animals were between 19 and 22 years of age and maintained in captivity for approximately 15 years. Clinical presentations ranged from asymptomatic to painful menses manifested as cyclical recumbency and lethargy. All animals had masses in the caudal ventral abdomen.Methods  Diagnostics included physical examination, complete blood counts, clinical chemistries, radiography, and ultrasonography. All animals had an ovariosalpingohysterectomy.Results  Histologic diagnoses included ovarian granulosa cell tumor, ovarian pseudocystic cavitation with encapsulating fibrosis, uterine smooth muscle hyperplasia, uterine leiomysarcoma, and uterine leiomyoma with possible adenomyosis.Conclusions  The abnormalities discovered in these animals present novel insight into the reproductive diseases prevalent in geriatric female M. fascicularis, which vary from that previously reported in other non‐human primate species.
Pure Hypertriglyceridemia Might be Associated with Erectile Dysfunction: A Pilot Study
Authors: Heruti Rafi , Arbel Yaron , Steinvil Arie , Zarka Salman , Saar Nili , Kinori Michael , Brenner Galit , Justo Dan 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Introduction
Unlike the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, the association between ED and hypertriglyceridemia is still debatable.

Aim
To study prevalence and severity of ED in young men with very high levels of triglycerides.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of ED, ED severity, total cholesterol levels, LDL cholesterol levels, and triglycerides levels.

Methods
Men who were enrolled went through routine health checks including full lipid profiling and completion of the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire. Very high levels of triglycerides were defined as ≥500 mg/dL. Very high levels of LDL cholesterol were defined as ≥190 mg/dL. Men with diabetes, ischemic heart disease, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ≥60 mg/dL, and mixed hyperlipidemias were excluded.

Results
Included were 88 men, aged 35.9 ± 7.1 years (range: 25–51 years): 21 men with “pure” severe hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride levels ≥500 mg/dL and non-HDL cholesterol ≤189 mg/dL), 34 men with “pure” severe hyperlipidemia (LDL cholesterol levels ≥190 mg/dL and triglycerides ≤199 mg/dL), and 33 men with normal cholesterol levels. No significant differences were found between these groups in terms of mean age and mean SHIM score. Prevalence of ED (i.e., SHIM score &lt; 22) was higher among men with “pure” severe hypertriglyceridemia than among men with “pure” severe hyperlipidemia (42.9% vs. 29.4%) and men with normal cholesterol levels (42.9% vs. 24.2%), although these results were not statistically significant (P = 0.2 and 0.4, respectively).

Conclusions
Conclusions. Prevalence of ED might be increased in young men with “pure” severe hypertriglyceridemia, though a larger cohort with a longitudinal follow-up is needed to prove that hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for ED.
Penile Fracture: Surgical Repair and Late Effects on Erectile Function
Authors: Ateyah Ahmed , Mostafa Taymour , Nasser Taha Abdel , Shaeer Osama , Hadi Ahmed Abdel , Al-Gabbar Mohammed Abd 
Published: February 2008

Abstract

Introduction
Penile fracture is described as a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea because of blunt injury of an erect penis.

Aim
To assess the etiology, treatment maneuvers, and late effects of penile fractures treated by surgical repair.

Methods
Thirty-three patients diagnosed provisionally as having fractured penises. Thirty patients were managed by immediate surgical repair and three by delayed repair.

Main Outcome Measures
International Index of Erectile Function-5 for married cases and Single-question Self-report of Erectile Dysfunction questionnaires and recording complications after 2, 3, and 6 months.

Results
The most common cause of fracture penis is self-inflicted acute bending (54.5%). The tear was visualized by ultrasound in 20/30 patients (66.7%) mostly on the right proximal third of the penis. All tears were unilateral with mean length 2.0 ± 0.9 cm (range 0.5–4 cm). All patients who completed their follow-up after 6 months (N=24) were able to achieve an adequate erection except two married cases who felt mild erectile dysfunction. Penile nodules were the most common postoperative complication (41.7%) after 6 months' follow-up. Patients treated with immediate or delayed repair had comparable complications.

Conclusions
Fracture penis is not uncommon as an emergency that must be repaired either immediately or delayed. Clinical diagnosis is more predictive than ultrasound in diagnosis and determining the site of the tear. Ultrasound may be of value in patients where there is clinical doubt.
Helium stratification in HD145792: a new helium strong star
Authors: Catanzaro G. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
In this Letter, we report on the real nature of the star HD 145792, classified as He weak in ‘The General Catalogue of Ap and Am stars’. By means of FEROS@ESO 1.52m high-resolution spectroscopic data, we refined the atmospheric parameters of the star, obtaining: Teff= 14 400 ± 400 K, log g= 4.06 ± 0.08 and ξ= 0+0.6 km s−1. These values resulted always lower than those derived by different authors with pure photometric approaches.
Using our values, we undertook an abundance analysis with the aim to derive, for the first time, the chemical pattern of the star's atmosphere. For metals, a pure local thermodynamic equilibrium synthesis (atlas9 and synthe) has been used, while for helium a hybrid approach has been preferred (atlas9 and synspec). The principal result of our study is that HD 145792 belongs to He-strong class contrary to the previous classification. Moreover, helium seems to be vertically stratified in the atmosphere, decreasing towards deepest layers.
For what that concerns metal abundances, we found the following: overabundance of oxygen, neon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur and calcium; carbon, nitrogen, magnesium, aluminum, titanium, chromium and nickel are normal, being the discrepancies from the solar values within the experimental errors; iron resulted to be slightly underabundant.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CUCUMIS MELO VAR. INODORUS (HONEYDEW MELON) SEED AND SEED OIL
Authors: YANTY N.A.M. , LAI O.M. , OSMAN A. , LONG K. , GHAZALI H.M. 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTCucumis melo var. inodorus seeds were found to contain 4.5% moisture, 25.0% crude fat, 25.0% crude protein, 23.3% crude fiber, 2.4% ash and 19.8% carbohydrate. The iodine and saponification values, and unsaponifiable matter and free fatty acid contents of freshly extracted honeydew melon seed oil were 153.4 g I2/100 g oil, 210.2 mg KOH/g oil, 0.9 and 2.5%, respectively. The oil had a color index of 1.6Y + 0.4R, and had 10 fatty acids, of which 86.1% were unsaturated. Linoleic acid predominated with 69.0% followed by oleic acid (16.8%) and palmitic acid (8.4%). LLL (24.9%), OLL (21.5%), PLL (15.9%) and POL (12.4%) (where L, O, P and S denote linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids, respectively) were the major triacylglycerols present. The melting and crystallization temperatures were −5.12 and −59.01C, respectively. Electronic nose analysis showed the presence of more volatile compounds compared to refined sunflower oil, an oil rich also in linoleic acid.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIn Malaysia, honeydew melon (Cucumis melo var. inodorus) seeds are normally treated as waste products. In this study, honeydew melon seed oil was found to have a potential to become a new edible oil source as it contained a level high in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
LIPID CLASS COMPOSITIONS, TOCOPHEROLS AND STEROLS OF TREE NUT OILS EXTRACTED WITH DIFFERENT SOLVENTS
Authors: MIRALIAKBARI HOMAN , SHAHIDI FEREIDOON 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACT The chemical compositions of tree nut oils were examined. The oils of almonds, Brazil nuts, hazelnuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios and walnuts were extracted using hexane and chloroform/methanol. The chloroform/methanol system afforded a higher oil yield for each tree nut type examined (pine nuts had the highest oil content while almonds had the lowest). The lipid class compositions of the tree nut oils were analyzed using the thin‐layer chromatography‐flame ionization detector and showed that triacylglycerols were the predominant lipid class present. Smaller amounts of sterols, sterol esters, phospholipids and sphingolipids were also present. The fatty acid compositions of the tree nut oils were analyzed using gas chromatography, showing that oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all samples except pine nut and walnut oils, which contained high amounts of linoleic acid. The sterol and stanol content and compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography; β‐sitosterol was the predominant sterol present in all samples, with lower amounts of campesterol, stigmasterol, Δ5‐avenasterol, 22‐nordehydrocholesterol, 24‐methylenecholesterol, cholesterol, cholestanol and β‐sitostanol also present. The tocopherol compositions were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography, showing that α‐ and γ‐tocopherols were the predominant tocopherol homologs present; however, δ‐ and β‐tocopherols were also detected in some samples. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTree nut oils contain health‐promoting unsaturated fatty acids and minor components that may render beneficial effects. The lipid class compositions of the oils are reported as these affect the stability of the tested oils. Results may have significance in terms of practical applications for food and use in nutraceutical and/or cosmoceuticals products.