bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical guidelines for the management of interferon‐α‐2b side effects in patients receiving adjuvant treatment for melanoma
Authors: Hauschild Axel , Gogas Helen , Tarhini Ahmad , Middleton Mark R. , Testori Alessandro , Dréno Brigitte , Kirkwood John M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractInterferon‐α‐2b (IFNα2b) is the only effective adjuvant therapy for melanoma patients at high risk of recurrence that has been approved by regulatory authorities worldwide. However, IFN toxicities increase the risk of poor treatment compliance and impair the potential for benefit from this agent. A review of the literature demonstrated little recent attention to supportive care in the management of IFN toxicities. An international group of experts with extensive personal experience in the use of IFNs worked together to develop practical guidelines for the use of IFNs. Practical recommendations were developed for patient education on the use of IFN; initial patient assessment and monitoring, including contraindications to the use of IFN, monitoring and managing adverse events, and IFN dose modification and discontinuation; IFN injection procedures; treatment of elderly patients; and use during pregnancy and nursing. Successful adjuvant therapy of melanoma with high‐dose IFN requires close compliance with the treatment regimen. Recommendations for the recognition and management of adverse events are designed to enable more patients to complete the full planned course of treatment. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Proton and Deuteron Transfer Reactions in Molecular Nanoclusters
Authors: Kim Hyojoon , Kapral Raymond 
Published: January 2008

AbstractProton and deuteron transfer rates and mechanisms are studied in polar molecular nanoclusters. The cluster environment strongly influences the reaction rate and the nature of these changes is studied as a function of the cluster size. The stabilities of the covalent reactant and polar product states change with cluster size and this effect alters both the equilibrium properties and transfer rate. The proton and deuteron are light quantum particles and the quantum character of the rate process is reflected in the magnitude of the kinetic isotope effect. Our mixed quantum–classical rate simulations indicate that the magnitude of the isotope effect decreases as the cluster size increases. More generally, our study shows how quantum effects combined with structural nanosolvation effects can lead to changes in reaction rates and mechanisms which should be applicable to many quantum charge transfer reactions in molecular nanoclusters.
Gait characteristics of diabetic patients: a systematic review
Authors: Allet L. , Armand S. , Golay A. , Monnin D. , de Bie R. A. , de Bruin E. D. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPatients with diabetes are at higher risk of experiencing fall‐related injuries when walking than healthy controls. The underlying mechanism responsible for this is not yet clear. Thus we intend to summarize diabetic patients' gait characteristics and emphasize those which could be the possible underlying mechanisms for increased fall risk. This systematic review aims, in particular, to: (1) evaluate the quality of existing studies which investigate the gait characteristics of diabetic patients, (2) highlight areas of agreement and contradiction in study results, (3) discuss and emphasize parameters associated with fall risk, and (4) propose new orientations and further domains for research needed for their fall risk prevention. We conducted an electronic search of Pedro, PubMed, Ovid and Cochrane. Two authors independently assessed all abstracts. Quality of the selected articles was scored, and the study results summarized and discussed. We considered 236 abstracts of which 28 entered our full text review. Agreement on data quality between two reviewers was high (kappa: 0.90). Authors investigating gait parameters in a diabetic population evaluated in particular parameters either associated with fall risk (speed, step length or step‐time variability) or with ulcers (pressure). There is agreement that diabetic patients walk slower, with greater step variability, and present higher plantar pressure than healthy controls. We concluded that diabetic patients present gait abnormalities, some of which can lead to heightened fall risk. To understand its' underlying mechanisms, and to promote efficient prevention, further studies should analyse gait under ‘real‐life’ conditions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Severe eating disorder initially diagnosed in a 72‐year‐old man
Authors: Manejías Parke Susan G. , Yager Joel , Apfeldorf William 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:Eating disorders in our society mainly affect young women. Cases in males are far less common, and reported cases in elderly males are rare.Method:We report the case of 72‐year‐ old male admitted to a geriatric psychiatry service for grave passive neglect with mild dementia thought to be due to nutritional deficiency.Results:The patient was found to have an eating disorder not otherwise specified, most closely resembling anorexia nervosa, which was believed to be the cause of the nutritional problem.Conclusion:This case highlights the need for diagnostic awareness regarding eating disorders in patients of all ages and of both genders. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
The genetics of anorexia nervosa collaborative study: Methods and sample description
Authors: Kaye Walter H. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Plotnicov Katherine , Thornton Laura , Devlin Bernie , Fichter Manfred M. , Treasure Janet , Kaplan Allan , Woodside D. Blake , Johnson Craig L. , Halmi Katherine , Brandt Harry A. , Crawford Steve , Mitchell James E. , Strober Michael , Berrettini Wade , Jones Ian 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:Supported by National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), this 12‐site international collaboration seeks to identify genetic variants that affect risk for anorexia nervosa (AN).Method:Four hundred families will be ascertained with two or more individuals affected with AN. The assessment battery produces a rich set of phenotypes comprising eating disorder diagnoses and psychological and personality features known to be associated with vulnerability to eating disorders.Results:We report attributes of the first 200 families, comprising 200 probands and 232 affected relatives.Conclusion:These results provide context for the genotyping of the first 200 families by the Center for Inherited Disease Research. We will analyze our first 200 families for linkage, complete recruitment of roughly 400 families, and then perform final linkage analyses on the complete cohort. DNA, genotypes, and phenotypes will form a national eating disorder repository maintained by NIMH and available to qualified investigators. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
The Synthesis, Structures and Characterisation of New Mixed‐Ligand Manganese and Iron Complexes with Tripodal, Tetradentate Ligands
Authors: van Gorkum Remy , Berding Joris , Mills Allison M. , Kooijman Huub , Tooke Duncan M. , Spek Anthony L. , Mutikainen Ilpo , Turpeinen Urho , Reedijk Jan , Bouwman Elisabeth 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe preparation of new manganese and iron complexes with the general formula [M(tripod)(anion)] is described, where M = FeIII or MnIII, “tripod” is a dianionic tetradentate tripodal ligand and the anion is a chelating β‐diketonate, 8‐oxyquinoline or acetate. The synthesis of this type of complexes was found to be straightforward, which allows for the preparation of a large variety of such coordination compounds. The complexes are characterised by X‐ray crystallography, infrared spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and elemental analysis. A correlation between the ligand sets and the electron density at the metal centre in the complexes is proposed, based on the UV/Vis data and the CV measurements. The tripodal ligands are significant π‐donor ligands, and electron‐withdrawing or electron‐donating substituents on the phenolate arms were found to have a large influence on both the position of the d–d transitions in the UV/Vis spectra and the peak potentials in the CV measurements. The “secondary” β‐diketonate or acetate ligand does not have such a large effect on the electron density of the metal centre.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Theoretical Investigation on the Mechanism of Oxygen Atom Transfer between Two Non‐Heme Iron Centres
Authors: de Visser Sam P. , Lee Yong‐Min , Nam Wonwoo 
Published: January 2008

AbstractDensity functional theory calculations are presented on the oxygen atom transfer reaction between two non‐heme iron centres: One contains Bn–tpen [N‐benzyl‐N,N′,N′‐tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine], whereas the other contains N4Py [N,N‐bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐N‐bis(2‐pyridyl)methylamine]. The calculations show that the (Bn–tpen)Fe–O–Fe(N4Py) complex is a stable entity but considerably higher in energy than isolated species. However, a mechanism of oxygen atom transfer from one non‐heme iron centre to the other will proceed via this oxido‐bridged intermediate. This oxido‐bridged complex has both iron atoms in oxidation state III so that in the process of the formation of the complex, an electron transfer from the FeII centre to the FeIV(O) centre has taken place. Nevertheless, both metal atoms have different orbital and spin‐density occupation. A large solvent effect on the reaction barriers is obtained, indicating that the reaction proceeds only in very polar environments.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Three‐dimensional VS profiling using microtremors in Kushiro, Japan
Authors: Arai Hiroshi , Tokimatsu Kohji 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA practical method is presented for determining three‐dimensional S‐wave velocity (VS) profile from microtremor measurements. Frequency–wave number (f–k) spectral analyses of microtremor array records are combined, for this purpose, with microtremor horizontal‐to‐vertical (H/V) spectral ratio techniques. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, microtremor measurements using arrays of sensors were conducted at six sites in the city of Kushiro, Japan. The spectral analyses of the array records yield dispersion characteristics of Rayleigh waves and H/V spectra of surface waves, and joint inversion of these data results in VS profiles down to bedrock at the sites. Conventional microtremor measurements were performed at 230 stations within Kushiro city, resulting in the H/V spectra within the city. Three‐dimensional VS structure is then estimated from inversion of the H/V spectra with the VS values determined from the microtremor array data. This reveals three‐dimensional VS profile of Kushiro city, together with an unknown hidden valley that crosses the central part of the city. The estimated VS profile is consistent with available velocity logs and results of subsequent borings, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comment on ‘Scale relationships in hillslope runoff and erosion’ (Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 31: 1364–1383 (2006))
Authors: Kinnell P. I. A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAn analysis of the data obtained by Parsons et al. (2006a) on runoff and erosion plots in Arizona did not support the conclusion of the authors that the pattern of sediment yield for these plots first increased as plot length increased but then decreased. The approach adopted by the authors was not appropriate for analysing the data from a small number (10) of rainfall events where data were missing from many of the plots because of technical failures. Also, for a proper analysis of the effect of plot length to be undertaken, a shorter plot has to appear to physically represent the top portion of a longer plot. However, the events were spatially and temporally very localized, as they varied in intensity, duration, total rainfall, time to peak etc between the plots. Under these circumstances, data obtained from these experiments cannot be used to determine the effect of slope length on sediment yield. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Foredune vegetation patterns and alongshore environmental gradients: Moçambique Beach, Santa Catarina Island, Brazil
Authors: Silva Graziela Miot da , Hesp Patrick , Peixoto Janice , Dillenburg Sérgio R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis paper examines patterns of foredune vegetation along an embayment in southern Brazil and the relationships between variations in percent cover and diversity, and environmental factors such as beach/surfzone type and exposure to wind and wave energy. The study was conducted on Moçambique Beach, Brazil, which displays significant alongshore variations in exposure to the prevailing winds and waves, beach/surfzone morphodynamic type, type and dimensions of the dune systems and foredune vegetation cover and diversity. Two vegetation surveys were carried out in contiguous 1 m2 quadrats across the foredune. The presence/absence, percent cover of the species, diversity and similarity between the vegetation of the profiles surveyed and their relation with environmental conditions are examined. The results show that the vegetation cover decreases from south to north, possibly reflecting the increasing exposure to wind and wave energy. Distinct patterns of species distributions occur along Moçambique beach, such that different plant species are dominant on the southern, middle and northern ends of the beach. A cluster analysis demonstrated two associations: the first one is represented by the profiles located in the lower energy zone of the beach, and the second association is represented by the profiles more exposed to wind and wave energy, sediment deposition and salt spray. The diversity of species decreases northwards, possibly influenced by the surfzone type, number of breaking waves and degree of aeolian transport. The presence/absence of the species and the vegetation cover on the foredune reflect the varying levels of exposure of the beach and foredune to the winds and waves and also reflect the volume of sediment deposition on the foredune and the beach mobility determined by the morphodynamic beach/surfzone type. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PEMFC Performance in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Matsushima H. , Iida T. , Fukunaka Y. , Bund A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA polymer electrolyte fuel cell is operated in a magnetic field gradient (B × dB/dx = ±3 T2�m–1) and the power output is investigated at lower partial pressure of oxygen gas and lower temperature than customarily used in fuel cells. The effects of the magnetic field are not confirmed at the cell current of i < 12 mA cm–2. On the other hand, the cell performance is improved or deteriorated depending on the direction of the magnetic field gradient at higher current densities at which the mass transfer of oxygen gas is limited by diffusion. The results suggest that the magnetic field influences the diffusion process of the oxygen molecules rather than the catalysis.
Potentially inappropriate management of depressive symptoms among Ontario home care clients
Authors: Dalby Dawn M. , Hirdes John P. , Hogan David B. , Patten Scott B. , Beck Cynthia A. , Rabinowitz Terry , Maxwell Colleen J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the prevalence and correlates of potentially inappropriate pharmacotherapy (including potential under‐treatment) for depression in adult home care clients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of clients receiving services from Community Care Access Centres in Ontario. Three thousand three hundred and twenty‐one clients were assessed with the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI‐HC). A score of 3 or greater on the Depression Rating Scale (DRS), a validated scale embedded within the RAI‐HC, indicates the presence of symptoms of depression. Medications listed on the RAI‐HC were used to categorize treatment into two groups: potentially appropriate and potentially inappropriate antidepressant drug therapy. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to explore relevant predictors of potentially inappropriate pharmacotherapy.Results12.5% (n = 414) of clients had symptoms of depression and 17% received an appropriate antidepressant. Over half of clients (64.5%) received potentially inappropriate pharmacotherapy (including potential under‐treatment). Age 75 years or older, higher levels of caregiver stress and the presence of greater comorbidity were associated with a higher risk of potentially inappropriate pharmacotherapy in multivariate analyses. Documentation of any psychiatric diagnosis on the RAI‐HC and receiving more medications were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of appropriate drug treatment.ConclusionMost clients with significant depressive symptoms were not receiving appropriate pharmacotherapy. Having a documented diagnosis of a psychiatric condition on the RAI‐HC predicted appropriate pharmacotherapy. By increasing recognition of psychiatric conditions, the use of standardized, comprehensive assessment instruments in home care may represent an opportunity to improve mental health care in these settings. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impacts of the basin‐wide Indian Ocean SSTA on the South China Sea summer monsoon onset
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Zhou Wen , Chan Johnny C. L. , Li Chongyin 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis article explores the impacts of the Indian Ocean basin‐scale sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) on the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon onset. Basin‐wide warming in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) is found to occur in the spring following an El Niño event, and the opposite occurs for a La Niña event. Such changes of the Indian Ocean SSTA apparently prolong the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effects on the subsequent Asian summer monsoon, mainly through modifying the strength of the Philippine Sea anti‐cyclone.Warming in the TIO induces an anomalous reversed Walker circulation over the tropical Indo–Pacific Ocean, which leads to descending motion, and hence suppressed convection in the western Pacific. The intensified Philippine Sea anti‐cyclone in May and June advances more westward and prevents the extension of the Indian Ocean westerly flow into the SCS region, thereby causing a late SCS monsoon onset. The case is opposite for the TIO cooling such that the Philippine Sea anti‐cyclone weakens and retreats eastward, thus favouring an early onset of the SCS monsoon. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Proton‐Conducting Properties of Acid‐Doped Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)‐1,2,4‐Triazole Systems
Authors: Çelik Sevim Ünügür , Akbey Ümit , Bozkurt Ayhan , Graf Robert , Spiess Hans W. 
Published: January 2008

Abstract1,2,4‐triazole‐functional PGMA polymers have been synthesized and their anhydrous proton‐conducting properties were investigated after doping with phosphoric acid and triflic acid. PGMA was prepared by solution polymerization and then modified with 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole (Tri) and 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole (ATri). FT‐IR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis verify the high immobilization of the triazoles in the polymer chain. Phosphoric‐acid‐doped polymers showed lower Tg and higher proton conductivities. PGMA‐Tri 4 H3PO4 showed a maximum water‐free proton conductivity of approximately 10−2 S · cm−1 while that of PGMA‐ATri 2 H3PO4 was 10−3 S · cm−1. The structure and dynamics of the polymers were explored by 1H MAS and 13C CP‐MAS solid‐state NMR.magnified image
Separation properties in neighbourhood and quasi‐apartness spaces
Authors: Havea Robin , Ishihara Hajime , Vîţă Luminiţa 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe investigate separation properties for neighbourhood spaces in some details within a framework of constructive mathematics, and define corresponding separation properties for quasi‐apartness spaces. We also deal with separation properties for spaces with inequality. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A localic theory of lower and upper integrals
Authors: Vickers Steven 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAn account of lower and upper integration is given. It is constructive in the sense of geometric logic. If the integrand takes its values in the non‐negative lower reals, then its lower integral with respect to a valuation is a lower real. If the integrand takes its values in the non‐negative upper reals, then its upper integral with respect to a covaluation and with domain of integration bounded by a compact subspace is an upper real. Spaces of valuations and of covaluations are defined.Riemann and Choquet integrals can be calculated in terms of these lower and upper integrals. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The natural numbers in constructive set theory
Authors: Rathjen Michael 
Published: January 2008

AbstractConstructive set theory started with Myhill's seminal 1975 article [8]. This paper will be concerned with axiomatizations of the natural numbers in constructive set theory discerned in [3], clarifying the deductive relationships between these axiomatizations and the strength of various weak constructive set theories. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
1H–1H scalar coupling across two stacked aromatic rings: DFT calculations and experimental proof
Authors: Bifulco Giuseppe , Mangoni Alfonso 
Published: January 2008

Abstract1H–1H scalar coupling across two stacked (parallel and eclipsed) aromatic rings has been revealed through the 1D and 2D 1H NMR analysis of a [2,2]paracyclophane and rationalized by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculation of the J values. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
1H and 13C NMR data of benzylsulfonic acids—model compounds for lignosulfonate
Authors: Lutnaes Bjart F. , Myrvold Bernt O. , Lauten Rolf A. , Endeshaw Molla M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAlthough there has been a major progress in the analysis of native lignin using NMR in the recent years, not much attention has been paid to lignosulfonates. Lignosulfonates are more difficult to analyse because of solubility issues and a more complex structure owing to chemical modification during the pulping process. A large database of NMR data is available for the building blocks of native lignin, but no data are available for the corresponding sulfonated compounds. We have prepared 15 monomeric and seven dimeric sulfonated model compounds characterised by NMR. These include models for end groups, as well as β‐β, β‐5, 5‐5 and β‐O‐5 linkages in lignosulfonates, and will be important for further structural investigation on lignosulfonate. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drug‐screening platform based on the contractility of tissue‐engineered muscle
Authors: Vandenburgh Herman , Shansky Janet , Benesch‐Lee Frank , Barbata Victoria , Reid Jonathan , Thorrez Lieven , Valentini Robert , Crawford Gregory 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA tissue‐based approach to in vitro drug screening allows for determination of the cumulative positive and negative effects of a drug at the tissue rather than the cellular or subcellular level. Skeletal muscle myoblasts were tissue‐engineered into three‐dimensional muscle with parallel myofibers generating directed forces. When grown attached to two flexible microposts (μposts) acting as artificial tendons in a 96‐well plate format, the miniature bioartificial muscles (mBAMs) generated tetanic (active) forces upon electrical stimulation measured with a novel image‐based motion detection system. mBAM myofiber hypertrophy and active force increased in response to insulin‐like growth factor 1. In contrast, mBAM deterioration and weakness was observed with a cholesterol‐lowering statin. The results described in this study demonstrate the integration of tissue engineering and biomechanical testing into a single platform for the screening of compounds affecting muscle strength. Muscle Nerve, 2007