bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Risk Stratification Nomogram Model for 90‐Day Mortality Prediction in Patients With Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Ni Heng , Zhao Linbo , Ma Xinghua , Lv Penghua , Ding Yasuo , Liu Zhensheng , Shi Haibin , Liu Sheng 
Published: March 2024

Background
This study aimed to establish and validate a nomogram model for predicting 90‐day mortality in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion receiving endovascular thrombectomy.

Methods and Results
A total of 242 patients with basilar artery occlusion undergoing endovascular thrombectomy were enrolled in our study, in which 172 patients from 3 stroke centers were assigned to the training cohort, and 70 patients from another center were assigned to the validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were adopted to screen prognostic predictors, and those with significance were subjected to establish a nomogram model in the training cohort. The discriminative accuracy, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram model was verified in the internal and external cohorts. Six variables, including age, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, Posterior Circulation–Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (Computed Tomography) score, Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography score, recanalization failure, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, were identified as independent predictors of 90‐day mortality of patients with basilar artery occlusion and were subjected to develop a nomogram model. The nomogram model exhibited good discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness in both the internal and the external cohorts. Additionally, patients were divided into low‐, moderate‐, and high‐risk groups based on the risk‐stratified nomogram model.

Conclusions
Our study proposed a novel nomogram model that could effectively predict 90‐day mortality of patients with basilar artery occlusion after endovascular thrombectomy and stratify patients with high, moderate, or low risk, which has a potential to facilitate prognostic judgment and clinical management of stroke.
Influence of Preoperative COVID‐19 Vaccination on Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting—A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Chang Hyoung Woo , Ahn Soyeon , Kim Jun Sung , Han Hyun Jeong , Park You Kyeong , Kim Kang Min , Kim Sang Yoon , Jung Joon Chul , Lee Jae Hang , Kim Dong Jung , Lim Cheong , Park Kay‐Hyun 
Published: March 2024

Background
Reports of intravascular thrombosis and cardiac complications have raised concerns about the safety of COVID‐19 vaccinations, particularly in patients with high cardiovascular risk. Herein, we aimed to analyze the impact of preoperative COVID‐19 vaccination on outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods and Results

Among 520 patients who underwent isolated CABG from 2020 to 2022, 481 patients (mean±SD age: 67±11 years, 86 women) whose COVID‐19 vaccination status could be confirmed were included. A total of 249 patients who had not received any COVID‐19 vaccine before CABG (never vaccinated group) and 214 patients who had completed primary vaccination (fully vaccinated group) were subjected to 1:1 propensity score matching, and 156 pairs of patients were matched. There was no significant difference in early mortality between the 2 groups after matching. After matching, overall survival (
P
=0.930) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event‐free survival (
P
=0.636) did not differ between the 2 groups. One‐year graft patency also did not differ significantly between the 2 groups; all patent grafts in 85/104 patients (82%) and 62/73 patients (85%) in the never vaccinated and fully vaccinated groups, respectively (
P
=0.685). Subgroup analysis showed equivalent overall and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event‐free survival among AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccine recipients and between those with ≤30 days versus >30 days from vaccination to CABG.

Conclusions
Despite the very high cardiovascular risk for patients undergoing CABG, COVID‐19 vaccination did not affect major outcomes after CABG. Therefore, there is no reason for patients with coronary artery disease requiring CABG to avoid preoperative COVID‐19 vaccination.
Patient Risk–Benefit Preferences for Transcatheter Versus Surgical Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Hung Anna , Yang Jui‐Chen , Wallace Matthew , Zwischenberger Brittany A. , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Mentz Robert J. , Thoma Elizabeth , Goates Scott , Lewis John , Strong Susan , Reed Shelby D. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) of mitral regurgitation is less invasive than surgery but has greater 5‐year mortality and reintervention risks, and leads to smaller improvements in physical functioning. The study objective was to quantify patient preferences for risk–benefit trade‐offs associated with TEER and surgery.

Methods and Results
A discrete choice experiment survey was administered to patients with mitral regurgitation. Attributes included procedure type; 30‐day mortality risk; 5‐year mortality risk and physical functioning for 5 years; number of hospitalizations in the next 5 years; and risk of additional surgery in the next 5 years. A mixed‐logit regression model was fit to estimate preference weights. Two hundred one individuals completed the survey: 63% were female and mean age was 74 years. On average, respondents preferred TEER over surgery. To undergo a less invasive procedure (ie, TEER), respondents would accept up to a 13.3% (95% CI, 8.7%–18.5%) increase in reintervention risk above a baseline of 10%, 4.6 (95% CI, 3.1–6.2) more hospitalizations above a baseline of 1, a 10.7% (95% CI, 6.5%–14.5%) increase in 5‐year mortality risk above a baseline of 20%, or more limited physical functioning representing nearly 1 New York Heart Association class (0.7 [95% CI, 0.4–1.1]) over 5 years.

Conclusions
Patients in general preferred TEER over surgery. When holding constant all other factors, a functional improvement from New York Heart Association class III to class I maintained over 5 years would be needed, on average, for patients to prefer surgery over TEER.
Past, Present, and Future Thoughts on Immersive Visualization Laboratories Through the Story of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery Virtual Environments Group
Authors: Tredinnick Ross , Schloss Karen , Ponto Kevin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Over the past 40 years, immersive visualization laboratories have existed in different forms across academia, industry, and government, each one typically unique in their own ways. The following paper will discuss the success story of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery Virtual Environments (WIDVE) research group, located on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus. The paper will discuss the rich history of immersive visualization displays that members of the lab have worked with, display systems that exist throughout the lab space at present day, future plans, and thoughts on the importance of a focus on immersive displays beyond only commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) VR devices. The paper will highlight several workflows and data pipelines that the lab has developed over the years. Finally, the paper will outline a recommended set of dos and don'ts for immersive visualization laboratories in regards to sustainability, before providing some conclusions regarding the future of immersive visualization laboratories.
Center for Cyber-Physical Systems: Immersive Visualization and Simulation Environment
Authors: Wischgoll Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Immersive display systems in the form of head-mounted displays or full-size, walkable display systems can provide an intuitive environment for a multitude of applications. Applications include exploration, simulation for training, and experimental studies to learn about people's behavior. Some display systems utilize large-scale and high-resolution configurations, which can be very effective in data exploration and visualization. This paper describes the infrastructure available at Wright State University with its advantages and disadvantages and discusses some of its use cases as well as its setup and administration. Different software frameworks are discussed that are built upon as is or their capabilities extended to provide additional features, such as touch support. Insight is provided into managing and administering a virtual reality laboratory effectively and efficiently by minimizing the effort to keep the infrastructure operational.
Doxography and Eschatology in Clement of Alexandria
Authors: Kirsch-Klingelhöffer Charlotte 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In strom. V.9.1 and strom. V.14.103–106, Clement of Alexandria presents opinions (doxai) of Greek philosophers regarding ‘eschatology’. By making use of so-called doxographies (i.e. the collection of philosophical opinions on a particular topic), Clement employs a popular method in contemporary philosophical debate. In this article, I will show how Clement reinterprets philosophers’ opinions and modifies them to construct a philosophical proof for (Christian) eschatology. It allows him to make controversial topics such as ‘final judgement’ and ‘resurrection’ more plausible to his philosophically educated readers, as according to him, these ideas have already been discussed and confirmed by several well-known philosophers (Heraclitus, Empedocles, Plato and the Stoics).
Paving the Path for Sustainable and Responsible Off-Label Use of Pharmaceutical Products in Europe
Authors: Díaz Hernández Miquel , Roslin Waltter , Mansnérus Juli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Off-label use of pharmaceuticals involves a wide array of aspects ranging from legal and regulatory ones to clinical to safety considerations. Access to off-label therapies is particularly relevant question for patients in areas of unmet medical need. Simultaneously, off-label use also triggers wider considerations relating to social and economic sustainability of health care systems and access to health. National authorities have adapted different regulatory approaches to off-label use of pharmaceuticals, ranging from (1) “regulatory silence”; to (2) allowing off-label use at the discretion of the treating physician; and to (3) a more stringent approach in which off-label use is subject to third party approval. This article provides a brief overview of these different regulatory approaches from a helicopter perspective, and it discusses benefits and shortcomings these approaches. Finally, it presents ideas for preconditions for sustainable and responsible off-label use of pharmaceutical products to ensure patient safety whilst ensuring their timely access to health.
Challenging Notions of Children’s “Participation” in the Youth Justice System
Authors: Charles Anthony , Hampson Kathy , Case Stephen , Brown Aaron 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A child’s right to participate in decision making is seminally proclaimed in Article 12, uncrc. Yet, it is often the case that the rhetoric associated with children’s “participation rights” does not reflect practice. Especially in the case of the youth justice system, significant challenges exist concerning both notions of the right to participate and how it translates into and influences what should be appropriate interventions for young people. This article draws upon three studies which critically examined the concept of participation and children’s decision making in pre-court and custody and resettlement settings. Listening to what young people said through these studies, reflections are offered concerning prevailing understandings and the operationalisation of “participation” within existing youth justice approaches. Additionally, consideration is afforded to barriers to effective participation in youth justice and the transformative potential that the right to participate in decision making offers those who come into conflict with the law.
‘They Did Not Ask For This Life’
Authors: Struthers Alison 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For years, there have been relentless pleas by celebrities for their children to be left alone by persistent and frightening paparazzi. Despite two seminal cases heard in UK courts in 2008 and 2014 concerning, respectively, the privacy rights of the children of J.K. Rowling and Paul Weller, a glance at the online pages of UK news outlets reveals that unpixellated photographs of celebrity children remain commonplace. This article will argue that not enough is being done to protect the children of celebrities from press intrusion, and that a child rights-based approach, couched in the best interests of the child, should be adopted, to better regulate the behaviour of the media when it comes to the taking and publishing of photographs of children, even if pixelated in the final publication.
Reconciling Children’s Best Interests and Right to be Heard
Authors: Helland Hege Stein 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article explores the tension between the child’s best interests principle and children’s participation and examines the inherent challenges and different approaches to reconcile the dilemma in law and practice: how can children’s best interests be reconciled with their right to be heard? By exploring different systems’ institutional approaches and empirical ability to implement and honour children’s right to participation in national contexts, this article reviews the literature and suggests a framework for understanding participation through a lens of a global typology of child protection systems. Drawing on the conceptual and empirical reviews and elements from the deliberative ideal for decision-making, the article concludes by drawing up a sketch for a best interest model for meaningful, respectful and successful participation with global applicability. The model aims to enhance children’s citizenship and legitimacy of decision-making in child protection.
Parasitoid wasps with enlarged mandibles associated with aculeate Hymenoptera: An integrative taxonomy of Chaenotetrastichus Graham and Styotrichia LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Cao Huan-Xi , Dale-Skey Natalie , Guo Peng-Fei , Zhu Chao-Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The two genera, Chaenotetrastichus Graham and Styotrichia LaSalle (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), are newly recorded from the Oriental region, based on material reared from the pupae of Auplopus carbonarius (Scopoli) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) and a Pisoxylon species (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), respectively, collected using trap-nests. Styotrichia pisoxylona Cao & Zhu sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a gregarious endo-parasitoid of Pisoxylon sp. The generic diagnosis, biology, and distribution of Chaenotetrastichus and Styotrichia are updated. All described species of the two genera are reviewed and a key to them is provided. Based on morphology and available sequences of the D2 expansion region of 28S ribosomal DNA (28S D2), the relationships between the two genera and other members of the subfamily Tetrastichinae are tentatively discussed. The phylogenetic analysis of 28S D2 confirms that the two genera with enlarged mandibles, which are associated with aculeate Hymenoptera, are not closely related. DNA barcodes (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) of the newly described species and C. semiflavus (Girault) are provided and analyzed alongside publicly available COI sequences of related taxa. The result suggests that the genetic or species diversity of Chaenotetrastichus is underestimated.
Tai Dam Diaspora Consciousness and Routes of Migration: An Analysis from Funeral Manuscripts
Authors: Saiphan Pichet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze Tai Dam funeral manuscripts called Kwam Bok Tang or Kwam Song Phi Khuen Mueang Fa. It is a comparative study conducted among Tai Dam or Lao Song in Thailand and Tai Dam in northwestern Vietnam. The texts reveal that Mueang Lo, Nghĩa Lộ in Vietnam, is the place of origin where the first community was established. It illustrates that the Khwan, the spirit or essence of life of the deceased, will be sent from the current settlement back along the route of migration to Mueang Lo before ascending to heaven to meet their ancestral spirits. Fittingly, this could be considered as Tai Dam diaspora consciousness of their ancestral homeland and the place of origin that records historical memory and historiography in forms of funeral manuscripts and rituals their funeral ceremony.
From Proto-Southwestern Tai to Modern Lanna Tai: Implications From the 16th-Century Phonology
Authors: Tangsiriwattanakul Shinnakrit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study established the relative chronology of sound changes in the Lanna Tai language from Proto-Southwestern Tai to Modern Lanna Tai dialects. The 16th-Century Lanna Tai phonology, as documented in the Sino-Lanna Tai Manual of Translation, was compared to Proto-Southwestern Tai and Modern Lanna Tai dialects to differentiate pre-16th century and post-16th century changes. Based on this chronology, Lanna Tai can be divided into three stages: Old Lanna Tai featuring the loss of uvulars and changes in consonants; Early Modern Lanna Tai exhibiting tone split, loss of voicing contrast and vowel acquisitions; and Modern Lanna Tai dialects showing changes in consonants, acquisition of additional vowels and diphthong monophthongization in some dialects. The study focused on several sound changes, providing valuable insights into the evolution of the Lanna Tai language.
Music Icons, Allegories and Symbolic Representation: Iconological Analysis of Thai Murals Along the Mae Klong Riverside
Authors: Ploymong Traitrung , Amatyaku Poonpit , Pidokrajt Narongchai , Keawbucha Manus 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article examines the Thai music iconology – with a focus on the instruments and ensembles and their symbolic representations – of monastery murals along the Mae Klong riverside. It also investigates how Thai music iconology links to broader views on Thai music, including those from Buddhism, culture, and social realms. Thirty-eight murals from the Ayutthaya period to the King Rama V period were selected for analysis. Improvised tools from Kress and Van Leeuwen’s (2020) inter-semiotic, multidimensional approach and Panosfky’s (1962) concepts of iconography were employed in the data analysis. Additionally, an in-depth interview was conducted with key informants, including local intellectuals and experts in the related areas, for data triangulation. The findings show significant influence of music on Thai social forms, religious beliefs, as well as cultural and historical values.
Doing Mathematics Outdoor
Authors: Ferrari Giulia , Taranto Eugenia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article delves into the significance of bodily experiences in the context of outdoor STEAM activities. It features a case study involving three tenth-grade students who engage in outdoor tasks – which are part of an outdoor STEAM trail – using the MathCityMap app. The research focuses on the students’ emerging strategies when dealing with two modelling tasks by integrating the modelling cycle phases with a perspective on embodiment that encompasses learning as navigating mathematical places. By intertwining these theoretical stances, the analysis uncovers the students’ strategies and seeks to describe their orientations during the experience. Despite the students not reaching the expected solutions, they bodily engage with the modelling tasks in meaningful ways, employing an array of various strategies. Trying to overcome the separation between domains, classically emphasised in the modelling context, the authors show how bodily engagement operates at their intersection and discuss the relevance of their approach for STEAM activities.
Lifetime Performance of the Operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF) for North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Alaka Ghassan J. , Sippel Jason A. , Zhang Zhan , Kim Hyun-Sook , Marks Frank D. , Tallapragada Vijay , Mehra Avichal , Zhang Xuejin , Poyer Aaron , Gopalakrishnan Sundararaman G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF) was the flagship hurricane model at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Prediction for 16 years and a state-of-the-art tool for tropical cyclone (TC) intensity prediction at the National Weather Service and across the globe. HWRF was a joint development between NOAA research and operations, specifically the Environmental Modeling Center and the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Significant support also came from the National Hurricane Center, Developmental Testbed Center, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, universities, cooperative institutes, and the TC community. In the North Atlantic basin, where most improvement efforts focused, HWRF intensity forecast errors decreased by 45%–50% at many lead times between 2007 and 2022. These large improvements resulted from increases in horizontal and vertical resolution, as well as advances in model physics and data assimilation. HWRF intensity forecasts performed particularly well over the Gulf of Mexico in recent years, providing useful guidance for a large number of impactful landfalling hurricanes. Such advances were made possible not only by significant gains in computing but also through substantial investment from the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program.