bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compromised store‐operated Ca2+ entry in aged skeletal muscle
Authors: Zhao Xiaoli , Weisleder Noah , Thornton Angela , Oppong Yaa , Campbell Rachel , Ma Jianjie , Brotto Marco 
Published: May 2008

SummaryIn aged skeletal muscle, changes to the composition and function of the contractile machinery cannot fully explain the observed decrease in the specific force produced by the contractile machinery that characterizes muscle weakness during aging. Since modification in extracellular Ca2+ entry in aged nonexcitable and excitable cells has been recently identified, we evaluated the functional status of store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in aged mouse skeletal muscle. Using Mn2+ quenching of Fura‐2 fluorescence and confocal‐microscopic imaging of Ca2+ movement from the transverse tubules, we determined that SOCE was severely compromised in muscle fibers isolated from aged mice (26–27 months) as compared with those from young (2–5 months) mice. While reduced SOCE in aged skeletal muscle does not appear to result from altered expression levels of STIM1 or reduced expression of mRNA for Orai, this reduction in SOCE is mirrored in fibers isolated from young mice null for mitsugumin‐29, a synaptophysin‐related protein that displays decreased expression in aged skeletal muscle. Our data suggest that decreased mitsugumin‐29 expression and reduced SOCE may contribute to the diminished intracellular Ca2+ homeostatic capacity generally associated with muscle aging.
Ultrasound‐Guided Steroid Injection for Obturator Neuralgia
Authors: Shankar Hariharan 
Published: May 2008

▪ Abstract:  Obturator neuralgia (ON) presents with pain in the groin, medial thigh, and sometimes the medial aspect of the knee. The causes include trauma, obturator hernia, pelvic cancer, pelvic surgery, hip surgery, following pelvic fractures, endometriosis, retroperitoneal hematoma, pregnancy, and delivery. Ultrasound (US) guidance facilitates real‐time imaging, identification of vascular structures, and improves patient comfort in situations where nerve stimulation can be unpleasant. This is a case report of ON successfully treated with US‐guided steroid injection.A 55‐year‐old man was referred to the pain clinic with groin pain and allodynia in the medial thigh and knee following a fall. He had tried multiple other therapies and none of them provided significant relief. Using a 10–5‐MHz multi‐frequency, 38‐mm linear array transducer, the obturator nerve was scanned in both longitudinal and transverse directions. Under real‐time imaging 10 mg of medroxy‐progesterone in a volume of 1 mL was injected. Following the injection, a small area of the medial side of knee was still tender to light touch. A second injection was placed inferiorly and provided pain relief for more than 5 months.This successful demonstration of US guidance in ON may further encourage US guidance in pain clinic interventions. ▪
The Efficacy of Levobupivacaine, Ropivacaine, and Bupivacaine for Combined Psoas Compartment–Sciatic Nerve Block in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: De Leeuw Marcel A. , Dertinger Jürgen A. , Hulshoff Lenie , Hoeksema Martijn , Perez Roberto S. , Zuurmond Wouter W. , De Lange Jaap J. 
Published: May 2008

▪ AbstractBackground and Objectives:  The aim of our study was to compare postoperative analgesic efficacy, and the extent of sensory and motor blockade of levobupivacaine, ropivacaine, and bupivacaine administered in a combined psoas compartment–sciatic nerve block (PCSNB) for total hip arthroplasty.Methods:  Forty‐five patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia combined with PCSNB, were randomly assigned to receive either 50 mL levobupivacaine 3 mg/mL, 50 mL ropivacaine 4.5 mg/mL or 50 mL bupivacaine 3 mg/mL with epinephrine. Postoperative, the pain intensity at rest, the degree of motor block (Modified Bromage Scale) and the extent of sensory block (pin prick test) were recorded at 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours following initial injection in a double blind fashion.Results:  The postoperative pain intensity was low and did not differ between groups, except for a significantly lower pain intensity in group ropivacaine compared with group levobupivacaine at 4 hours. Five patients (11%), equally divided over three groups, needed parenteral rescue opiates postoperatively. The extent of sensory block was not different between the three groups. In each group the majority of patients showed no sensory block in dermatome L1. Group levobupivacaine initially showed the least motor impairment. Motor impairment was found to be significantly higher in bupivacaine group compared with both ropivacaine and levobupivacaine groups at 12 (P = 0.012) and 48 hours (P = 0.003).Conclusions:  Levobupivacaine, bupivacaine and ropivacaine are equally effective for PCSNB in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Residual pain may be due to the lack of sensory block in dermatome L1, suggesting that modification of this technique should be considered for this type of surgery. ▪
One single dose of 200 μg of antenatal RhIG halves the risk of anti‐D immunization and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in the next pregnancy
Authors: Koelewijn Joke M. , De Haas Masja , Vrijkotte Tanja G.M. , Bonsel Gouke J. , Van Der Schoot C. Ellen 
Published: May 2008

BACKGROUND: The objective was the evaluation of the effect of the Dutch national routine antenatal RhIG (anti‐D) immunization prevention (RAADP) program comprising one single dose of 200 μg (1000 IU) of RhIG in the 30th week of pregnancy, restricted to women without a living child.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A nationwide historic control study was performed. All newly detected anti‐D–immunized para‐1 in 1999, 2002, and 2004 were included and classified on the basis of received prophylaxis during the first pregnancy: antenatal and postnatal versus only postnatal RhIG. The numbers of D– parae‐1 who delivered a D+ first child before the introduction (control group) or after the introduction (intervention group) of the RAADP were calculated from Vital Birth Statistics (8,700 and 12,000, respectively).RESULTS: Fifty‐eight newly detected anti‐D immunizations in the first trimester were observed in the control group and 39 in the intervention group, which resulted in a significant reduction of the prevalence of new anti‐D immunizations from 0.67 percent (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50%‐0.84%) to 0.31 percent (95% CI, 0.21%‐0.41%). No reduction was observed in anti‐D immunizations newly detected at the 30th‐week screening (0.25%). A nonsignificant risk reduction of the risk of severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) was found (0.23% vs. 0.10%). The numbers needed to treat to prevent one anti‐D–immunized pregnancy and one case of subsequent severe HDFN were 357 and 1255, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: RAADP of one single dose of 200 μg of RhIG in addition to postnatal RhIG (200 μg) halves the risk of anti‐D immunization and subsequent severe HDFN.
A clinical study on the feasibility of autologous cord blood transfusion for anemia of prematurity
Authors: Khodabux Chantal M. , Von Lindern Jeannette S. , Van Hilten Joost A. , Scherjon Sicco , Walther Frans J. , Brand Anneke 
Published: May 2008

BACKGROUND: The objective was to investigate the use of autologous red blood cells (RBCs) derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB), as an alternative for allogeneic transfusions in premature infants admitted to a tertiary neonatal center.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: UCB collection was performed at deliveries of less than 32 weeks of gestation and processed into autologous RBC products. Premature infants requiring a RBC transfusion were randomly assigned to an autologous or allogeneic product. The primary endpoint was an at least 50 percent reduction in allogeneic transfusion needs.RESULTS: Fifty‐seven percent of the collections harvested enough volume (≥15 mL) for processing. After being processed, autologous products (≥10 mL/kg) were available for 36 percent of the total study population and for 27 percent of the transfused infants and could cover 58 percent (range, 25%‐100%) of the transfusion needs within the 21‐day product shelf life. Availability of autologous products depended most on the gestational age. Infants born between 24 and 28 weeks had the lowest availability (17%). All products, however, would be useful in view of their high (87%) transfusion needs. Availability was highest (48%) for the infants born between 28 and 30 weeks. For 42 percent of the infants with transfusion needs in this group, autologous products were available. For the infants born between 30 and 32 weeks, autologous products were available for 36 percent of the infants. Transfusion needs in this group were, however, much lower (19%) compared to the other gestational groups.CONCLUSION: Autologous RBCs derived from UCB could not replace 50 percent of allogeneic transfusions due to the low UCB volumes collected and subsequent low product availability.
Deposition of nickel, chromium, and cobalt on the skin in some occupations – assessment by acid wipe sampling
Authors: Lidén Carola , Skare Lizbet , Nise Gun , Vahter Marie 
Published: May 2008

Background:  Nickel, chromium, and cobalt are important skin sensitizers. Better knowledge about skin exposure is needed for more efficient prevention. We have previously developed acid wipe sampling for assessment of skin exposure to metals.Objectives:  To apply the acid wipe sampling technique in some occupations where intense contact with metallic items occurs and to gather experience for the design of future workplace studies.Methods:  18 volunteers (carpenters, locksmiths, cashiers, and secretaries as controls) participated. They performed their normal tasks during a job session for exposure. Samples were taken from fingers and palms by acid wipe sampling, and analysis of metals was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.Results:  The metals were detected in all samples, and the amount of nickel was larger than that of chromium and cobalt. Fingers were more exposed than palms. 8‐h exposure to nickel was calculated and was highest in locksmiths (mean 3.784 μg/cm2, range 1.846–5.028 μg/cm2) followed by carpenters, cashiers, and secretaries.Conclusions:  The acid wipe sampling technique is suitable for studies of skin exposure to nickel, chromium, and cobalt in the workplace. The sampling efficiency of acid wipe sampling is high. The amounts of nickel deposited on skin in carpenters, locksmiths, and cashiers are judged capable of eliciting allergic contact dermatitis.
Occurrence and prognosis of hand eczema in the car industry: results from the PACO follow‐up study (PACO II)
Authors: Apfelbacher Christian J. , Radulescu Magda , Diepgen Thomas L. , Funke Ulrich 
Published: May 2008

Background:  Only a few epidemiological studies on hand eczema (HE) in the metalworking industry have been conducted, and no study has attempted a long‐term follow‐up.Objectives:  In the Prospective Audi Cohort (PACO) II follow‐up study, we aimed to estimate burden and prognosis of HE in a car industry setting (follow‐up > 10 years).Patients/Methods:  Eligible participants were individuals who had been examined in the original PACO study (1990–1998) and had been followed through until the end of their apprenticeship (n = 1909). Participants were interviewed and underwent dermatological examination. An exposure assessment was carried out according to a pre‐defined algorithm.Results:  The follow‐up rate was 78.3% (1494/1909). Mean follow‐up time was 13.3 [standard deviation 1.3] years. The period prevalence of HE in the follow‐up period was 21.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.0–23.1%], yielding a cumulative incidence of 29.3% (95% CI 26.9–31.6%) in the entire study period. HE persisted after the end of apprenticeship in 40.0% (95% CI 33.3–46.7%) of subjects who had had HE during apprenticeship (n = 205). 18.0% (95% CI 15.9–20.1%) developed HE in the follow‐up period (n = 1289).Conclusions:  Around 30% of subjects were affected by HE at least once during the study period. HE persisted in 40% of the participants affected during apprenticeship.
Hand eczema: causes, course, and prognosis I
Authors: Veien Niels K. , Hattel Thais , Laurberg Grete 
Published: May 2008

Background:  Hand eczema is a common dermatosis. The course is often protracted. The prognosis is not well described.Objective:  To describe in detail a consecutive cohort of hand eczema patients with regard to aetiology and morphology as well as the dynamics of the hand eczema.Patients and Methods:  This prospective study included 522 consecutive patients (175 men and 347 women with hand eczema) seen in 1 year in a private practice of dermatology. 425 (81%) of the patients were patch tested in relation to the current study. Most of the remainder had been previously patch tested.Results:  38% had mild dermatitis, 49% had dermatitis of moderate severity, and 11% had severe dermatitis. 23% had had dermatitis for more than 10 years. 33% had irritant contact dermatitis, 13% of the men and 20% of the women had allergic contact dermatitis, and 15% of the men and 16% of the women had atopic dermatitis. For 34% of the men and 29% of the women, the dermatitis was certainly or possibly occupational. There was no relationship to smoking.Conclusions:  The majority of this cohort of hand eczema patients had long‐standing disease. Irritant contact dermatitis was the most common aetiological diagnosis.
Guided tissue regeneration may modulate gene expression in periodontal intrabony defects: a human study
Authors: Lima L. L. , Gonçalves P. F. , Sallum E. A. , Casati M. Z. , Nociti Jr F. H. 
Published: May 2008

Background and Objective:  Guided tissue regeneration has been shown to lead to periodontal regeneration; however, the mechanisms involved remain to be clarified. The present study was carried out to assess the expression of genes involved in the healing process of periodontal tissues in membrane‐protected vs. nonprotected intrabony defects in humans.Material and Methods:  Thirty patients with deep intrabony defects (≥ 5 mm, two or three walls) around teeth that were scheduled for extraction were selected and randomly assigned to receive one of the following treatments: flap surgery alone (control group) or flap surgery plus guided tissue regeneration (expanded polytetrafluorethylene (e‐PTFE) membrane) (test group). Twenty‐one days later, the newly formed tissue was harvested and quantitatively assessed using the polymerase chain reaction assay for the expression of the following genes: alkaline phosphatase, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, basic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin‐1, interleukin4, interleukin‐6, matrix metalloproteinase2 and matrix metalloproteinase9.Results:  Data analysis demonstrated that mRNA levels for alkaline phosphatase, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, basic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin‐1, interleukin‐6, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and matrix metalloproteinase ‐9 were higher in the sites where guided tissue regeneration was applied compared with the control sites (p < 0.05), whereas osteocalcin mRNA levels were lower (p < 0.05). No difference was observed in interleukin‐4 mRNA levels between control and test groups.Conclusion:  Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that genes are differentially expressed in membrane barrier‐led periodontal healing when compared with flap surgery alone, and this may account for the clinical outcome achieved by guided tissue regeneration.
Penile Constriction Devices: Case Report, Review of the Literature, and Recommendations for Extrication
Authors: Silberstein Jonathan , Grabowski Julia , Lakin Charles , Goldstein Irwin 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Penile constriction devices often present significant challenges to urologic surgeons. Failure to remove such devices can lead to significant ischemia and loss of tissue. Patients often present after several days of ischemia and swelling have developed.

Aim
This article reviews previously published data on penile constriction devices and strategies for their removal. Additionally, we present new methodologies for extrication.

Methods
A comprehensive review of the English language literature was performed using MEDLINE. “Penile incarceration” and “penile strangulation” were used as search terms, and a manual bibliographic review of cross-referenced items was performed. Publications prior to 1970 were excluded from our search.

Main Outcome Measures
Review of published literature on penile constriction devices and their removal.

Results
Penile incarceration is frequently described in the literature as an isolated case report or small series describing the approach of a single physician or group of physicians for dealing with these problems. Penile incarceration has been reported in a wide spectrum of age groups, with the incarcerating object most frequently placed for erotic or autoerotic purposes. While the most commonly reported devices causing incarceration are metal rings, higher-grade penile injuries are more frequently sustained by nonmetallic objects. Patients who present with incarceration after 72 hours are more likely to sustain higher-grade injuries than those who seek more timely treatment. Strategies for extrication depend on the type of device used, the length of time of incarceration, the patient's ability to remain calm, and the tools available to the presenting physicians.

Conclusion
Penile incarceration is a urologic emergency with potentially severe clinical consequences. With rapid intervention and removal of the foreign body, most patients do extremely well and need no further intervention. Removal of such devices can be challenging and often requires resourcefulness and a multidisciplinary approach.
Endoscopic Retrieval of a Penile Prosthesis' Rear-Tip Extender
Authors: Munk-Hartig Anne-Kathrin , Stübinger Sven Henrik , Jünemann Klaus-Peter , Van Der Horst Christof 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The renewal of penile prosthesis is a foreseeable intervention because of the limited survival time of the different implants. It usually becomes necessary simply for material fatigue after long-term regular use; in some cases, premature intervention might be necessary because of infection or other perioperative complications.

Aim
In the case presented here, the removal of a Dynaflex penile prosthesis showed a missing rear-tip extender on the right-hand tube.

Main Outcome Measures and Methods
A cavernoscopy of the right cavernous body was performed by using a conventional urethrocystoscope. The found rear-tip extender was extracted by using alligator forceps via the cystoscopic device.

Results
A new AMS CX hydraulic cavernous body prosthesis was successfully implanted. It has proven fully functional up to the current follow-up control.

Conclusions
This case shows that cavernoscopy is a gentle intraoperative procedure for diagnosing and removing material in penile prosthesis surgery.
A Mindfulness-Based Group Psychoeducational Intervention Targeting Sexual Arousal Disorder in Women
Authors: Brotto Lori A. , Basson Rosemary , Luria Mijal 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Despite their widespread prevalence, there are no existing evidence-based psychological treatments for women with sexual desire and arousal disorder. Mindfulness, the practice of relaxed wakefulness, is an ancient eastern practice with roots in Buddhist meditation which has been found to be an effective component of psychological treatments for numerous psychiatric and medical illnesses. In recent years, mindfulness has been incorporated into sex therapy and has been found effective for genital arousal disorder among women with acquired sexual complaints secondary to gynecologic cancer.

Aim
The aim of this study was to adapt an existing mindfulness-based psychoeducation (PED) to a group format for women with sexual desire/interest disorder and/or sexual arousal disorders unrelated to cancer.

Methods
Twenty-six women participated in three 90-minute sessions, spaced 2 weeks apart, with four to six other women. Group PED was administered by one mental health trained provider and one gynecologist with post graduate training and experience in sexual medicine.

Main Outcome Measures
Prior to and following the group, women viewed audiovisual erotic stimuli and had both physiological (vaginal pulse amplitude) and subjective sexual arousal assessed. Additionally, they completed self-report questionnaires of sexual response, sexual distress, mood, and relationship satisfaction.

Results
There was a significant beneficial effect of the group PED on sexual desire and sexual distress. Also, we found a positive effect on self-assessed genital wetness despite little or no change in actual physiological arousal, and a marginally significant improvement in subjective and self-reported physical arousal during an erotic stimulus. A follow-up comparison of women with and without a sexual abuse history revealed that women with a sexual abuse history improved significantly more than those without such history on mental sexual excitement, genital tingling/throbbing, arousal, overall sexual function, sexual distress, and on negative affect while viewing the erotic film. Moreover, there was a trend for greater improvement on depression scores among those with a sexual abuse history.

Conclusions
These data provide preliminary support for a brief, three-session group psychoeducational intervention for women with sexual desire and arousal complaints. Specifically, women with a history of sexual abuse improved more than women without such a history. Participant feedback indicated that mindfulness was the most effective component of the treatment, in line with prior findings. However, future compartmentalization trials are necessary in order to conclude this more definitively.
PSR J1410-6132: a young, energetic pulsar associated with the EGRET source 3EG J1410-6147
Authors: O'Brien J. T. , Johnston S. , Kramer M. , Lyne A. G. , Bailes M. , Possenti A. , Burgay M. , Lorimer D. R. , McLaughlin M. A. , Hobbs G. , Parent D. , Guillemot L. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
We present the discovery of PSR J1410-6132, a 50-ms pulsar found during a high-frequency survey of the Galactic plane, using a seven-beam 6.3-GHz receiver on the 64-m Parkes radio telescope. The pulsar lies within the error box of the unidentified Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) source 3EG J1410-6147, has a characteristic age of 26 kyr and a spin-down energy of 1037 erg s-1. It has a very high dispersion measure of 960 ± 10 cm-3 pc and the largest rotation measure of any pulsar, RM =+2400 ± 30 rad m-2. The pulsar is very scatter-broadened at frequencies of 1.4 GHz and below, making pulsed emission almost impossible to detect. Assuming a distance of 15 kpc, the pulsar's spin-down energy and a γ-ray efficiency factor of ∼10 per cent is sufficient to power the γ-ray source. We therefore believe that we have identified the nature of 3EG J1410-6147. This new discovery suggests that deep targeted high-frequency surveys of inner-galaxy EGRET sources could uncover further young, energetic pulsars.
Short Gamma-ray bursts: a bimodal origin?
Authors: Salvaterra R. , Cerutti A. , Chincarini G. , Colpi M. , Guidorzi C. , Romano P. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Short-hard Gamma-Ray Bursts (SGRBs) are currently thought to arise from gravitational wave driven coalescences of double neutron star systems forming either in the field or dynamically in globular clusters. For both channels, we fit the peak flux distribution of BATSE SGRBs to derive the local burst formation rate and luminosity function. We then compare the resulting redshift distribution with Swift 2-yr data, showing that both formation channels are needed in order to reproduce the observations. Double neutron stars forming in globular clusters are found to dominate the distribution at z≲ 0.3, whereas the field population from primordial binaries can account for the high-z SGRBs. This result is not in contradiction with the observed host galaxy type of SGRBs.