bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering surface framework TiO6 single sites for unprecedented deep oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Yu Shen , Liu Zhan , Lyu Jia-Min , Guo Chun-Mu , Yang Xiao-Yu , Jiang Peng , Wang Yi-Long , Hu Zhi-Yi , Sun Ming-Hui , Li Yu , Chen Li-Hua , Su Bao-Lian 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ODS) using titanium silicate catalysts has emerged as an efficient technique for the complete removal of organosulfur compounds from automotive fuels. However, the precise control of highly accessible and stable-framework Ti active sites remains highly challenging. Here we reveal for the first time by using density functional theory calculations that framework hexa-coordinated Ti (TiO6) species of mesoporous titanium silicates are the most active sites for ODS and lead to a lower-energy pathway of ODS. A novel method to achieve highly accessible and homogeneously distributed framework TiO6 active single sites at the mesoporous surface has been developed. Such surface framework TiO6 species exhibit an exceptional ODS performance. A removal of 920 ppm of benzothiophene is achieved at 60°C in 60 min, which is 1.67 times that of the best catalyst reported so far. For bulky molecules such as 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT), it takes only 3 min to remove 500 ppm of DMDBT at 60°C with our catalyst, which is five times faster than that with the current best catalyst. Such a catalyst can be easily upscaled and could be used for concrete industrial application in the ODS of bulky organosulfur compounds with minimized energy consumption and high reaction efficiency.
Local Excision Versus Radical Resection for Grade 2 Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multicenter Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Zeng Xinyu , Zhang Rui , Jiang Weizhong , Li Chengguo , Yu Minhao , Liu Weizhen , Di Maojun , Wu Hongxue , Sun Yueming , Xiong Zhiguo , Jiang Congqing , Yu Bin , Zhou Shengning , Li Yong , Liao Xiaofeng , Xia Lijian , Zhang Wei , Lin Guole , Tao Kaixiong 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Studies on the grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors are limited and the optimal treatment for these tumors is not well established.

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the oncologic results of local excision versus radical resection for the treatment of grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

DESIGN:
Retrospective multicenter propensity score-matched study to minimize heterogeneity between groups and focus on the difference between surgery strategies.

SETTINGS:
Seventeen Chinese large-scale medical centers participated in this study.

PATIENTS:
A total of 144 patients with pathologically confirmed grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors were retrospectively analyzed.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Cancer-specific survival and relapse-free survival were assessed to compare surgery strategies.

RESULTS:
A total of 144 patients with grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors were enrolled in this study. Twenty-seven patients underwent endoscopic resection, 55 underwent transanal excision, 50 underwent radical resection, and 12 underwent palliative surgery or biopsy for distant metastasis. Of the 50 patients who underwent radical resection, 30 (60.0%) had clinically positive lymph nodes based on the histopathology results. The optimal cutoff value for tumor size to predict cancer-specific survival was 1.5 cm. In patients with grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors ≤ 1.5 cm, there were no significant differences in cancer-specific survival and relapse-free survival between local excision and radical resection groups (P >0.05). In patients with grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors > 1.5 cm, relapse-free survival was significantly lower in the local excision group than in the radical resection group (P = 0.04).

LIMITATIONS:
The nature of retrospective review and relatively short follow-up period are limitations of this study.

CONCLUSIONS:
Grade 2 rectal neuroendocrine tumors have a nonnegligible rate of lymph node metastasis. Local excision is a feasible choice for tumors ≤ 1.5 cm without metastasis, while radical resection is more beneficial in those > 1.5 cm. See Video Abstract.
Ceftaroline for Central Nervous System Infections: Case Report of a Young Infant, and Scoping Review
Authors: Urbach Haley , Sileo Nicole , Lerma Sergio , Nguyen Kevin , Sosa Soto Giordano , Nielsen Marisa , Heiderich Amy , Holsapple James , Vuppula Sharon , Campbell Jeffrey I. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Managing health care acquired and device-associated intracranial infections in young children can be challenging given adverse antibiotic side effects and difficulties in achieving adequate central nervous system (CNS) antibiotic concentrations. Ceftaroline is a cephalosporin with a favorable safety profile and activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococci and several Gram-negative organisms. Published data on the use of ceftaroline for CNS infections in children and adults are limited.

Methods:
We describe a 2-month-old infant with ventriculo-subgaleal shunt-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis ventriculitis, which was successfully treated with ceftaroline, in addition to vancomycin and rifampin. We conducted a scoping review of English-language literature retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science that assessed the use of ceftaroline for CNS infections.

Results:
We identified 22 articles for inclusion in our review, which described 92 unique patients, of whom 2 were <21 years old. Ceftaroline was commonly used in conjunction with other antibiotics to treat infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Most case reports described clinical success with ceftaroline, though small case series and cohort studies yielded mixed efficacy assessments. Adverse effects attributed to ceftaroline were rare and included reversible myelosuppression, eosinophilia, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies suggested similar CNS penetration through inflamed meninges as other beta lactam antibiotics.

Conclusions:
We identified a growing body of published evidence supporting the use of ceftaroline in combination with other agents for the treatment of CNS infections. In absence of clinical trials, additional real-world data are needed to define the efficacy and safety of ceftaroline for children and adults with CNS infections.
Joint Fluid Cell Count in Acute Bacterial Arthritis Patients Proven Positive Culture in Children
Authors: Otsubo Yuto , Shibata Meiwa , Hataya Hiroshi , Ota Norikazu , Horikoshi Yuho 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Acute bacterial arthritis (ABA) is a serious, pediatric infection that can result in motor comorbidities. Normally, a joint fluid white blood cell (WBC) count of 50,000 or more cells/mm3 is used to make a presumptive diagnosis of ABA. This study evaluated the utility of the joint fluid WBC count for diagnosing pediatric ABA confirmed by a positive culture result.

Methods:
Patients with ABA between March 2010 and March 2023 at Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center were included. ABA was confirmed by positive joint fluid culture results for a pathogenic organism. Patients with negative results and those without a joint fluid WBC count were excluded. Electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed for demographic data, timing of arthrocentesis, culture results and the joint fluid WBC count.

Results:
Ninety-five patients with ABA were identified; of these, 22 were included. The median age was 5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 2–10 years]. Males comprised 55% of the population. The median joint fluid WBC count was 19,575 (IQR: 6806–47,388) cells/mm3, and 23% of the patients had 50,000 cells/mm3 or more. The median time from symptom onset to arthrocentesis was 3 days (IQR: 2–5 days). The isolated organisms were methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (50%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (9%), Streptococcus pyogenes (27%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%) and Salmonella spp. (5%).

Conclusions:
Most of the patients with ABA confirmed by positive results of a joint fluid culture had a joint fluid WBC count of less than 50,000 cells/mm3.
Defining suffering in pain. A systematic review on pain-related suffering using natural language processing
Authors: Noe-Steinmüller Niklas , Scherbakov Dmitry , Zhuravlyova Alexandra , Wager Tor D. , Goldstein Pavel , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Understanding, measuring, and mitigating pain-related suffering is a key challenge for both clinical care and pain research. However, there is no consensus on what exactly the concept of pain-related suffering includes, and it is often not precisely operationalized in empirical studies. Here, we (1) systematically review the conceptualization of pain-related suffering in the existing literature, (2) develop a definition and a conceptual framework, and (3) use machine learning to cross-validate the results. We identified 111 articles in a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, PsychINFO, and PhilPapers for peer-reviewed articles containing conceptual contributions about the experience of pain-related suffering. We developed a new procedure for extracting and synthesizing study information based on the cross-validation of qualitative analysis with an artificial intelligence–based approach grounded in large language models and topic modeling. We derived a definition from the literature that is representative of current theoretical views and describes pain-related suffering as a severely negative, complex, and dynamic experience in response to a perceived threat to an individual's integrity as a self and identity as a person. We also offer a conceptual framework of pain-related suffering distinguishing 8 dimensions: social, physical, personal, spiritual, existential, cultural, cognitive, and affective. Our data show that pain-related suffering is a multidimensional phenomenon that is closely related to but distinct from pain itself. The present analysis provides a roadmap for further theoretical and empirical development.
MicroRNA let-7b enhances spinal cord nociceptive synaptic transmission and induces acute and persistent pain through neuronal and microglial signaling
Authors: Chen Ouyang , Jiang Changyu , Berta Temugin , Powell Gray Bethany , Furutani Kenta , Sullenger Bruce A. , Ji Ru-Rong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) have been detected in various body fluids including the cerebrospinal fluid, yet their direct role in regulating synaptic transmission remains uncertain. We found that intrathecal injection of low dose of let-7b (1 μg) induced short-term (<24 hours) mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia, a response that is compromised in Tlr7

−/−
or Trpa1

−/−
mice. Ex vivo and in vivo calcium imaging in GCaMP6-report mice revealed increased calcium signal in spinal cord afferent terminals and doral root ganglion/dorsal root ganglia neurons following spinal perfusion and intraplantar injection of let-7b. Patch-clamp recordings also demonstrated enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission (miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents [EPSCs]) in spinal nociceptive neurons following let-7b perfusion or optogenetic activation of axonal terminals. The elevation in spinal calcium signaling and EPSCs was dependent on the presence of toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7) and transient receptor potential ion channel subtype A1 (TRPA1). In addition, endogenous let-7b is enriched in spinal cord synaptosome, and peripheral inflammation increased let-7b in doral root ganglion/dorsal root ganglia neurons, spinal cord tissue, and the cerebrospinal fluid. Notably, let-7b antagomir inhibited inflammatory pain and inflammation-induced synaptic plasticity (EPSC increase), suggesting an endogenous role of let-7b in regulating pain and synaptic transmission. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of let-7b, at a higher dose (10 μg), induced persistent mechanical allodynia for >2 weeks, which was abolished in Tlr7

−/−
mice. The high dose of let-7b also induced microgliosis in the spinal cord. Of interest, intrathecal minocycline only inhibited let-7b–induced mechanical allodynia in male but not female mice. Our findings indicate that the secreted microRNA let-7b has the capacity to provoke pain through both neuronal and glial signaling, thereby establishing miRNA as an emerging neuromodulator.
Body constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine caused a significant effect on irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Liao Kuo-Fan , Tsai Han-Ying , Chen Cheng-Fong , Hsu Teh-Fu , Hsu Chun-Yi , Ho Ta-Kai , Liu Ding-Hao , Kao Chung-Lan , Wang Chien-Ying , Hsieh Ai-Ru 
Published: March 2024

Background:
According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), all types of body constitutions, except for the Gentleness (ie, the control group in our study), have disease susceptibility and affect the disease development process. This study attempted to investigate the relationship between TCM body constitutions and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was based on Taiwan Biobank (TWB) and collected clinical data from 13 941 subjects aged 30 to 70. The results of the study showed that subjects with Yang-deficiency (N = 3161 subjects, odds ratio [OR] = 2.654, 95% CI = 1.740-3.910), Ying-deficiency (N = 3331 subjects, OR = 1.096, 95% CI = 0.627-1.782) or Stasis (N = 2335 subjects, OR = 1.680, 95% CI = 0.654-3.520) were more likely to have IBS.

Results:
If the subjects with two or more TCM body constitutions: Yang-deficiency + Ying-deficiency (OR = 3.948, 95% CI = 2.742–5.560), Yang-deficiency + Stasis (OR = 2.312, 95% CI = 1.170-4.112), Ying-deficiency + Stasis (OR = 1.851, 95% CI = 0.828-3.567), or Yang-deficiency + Ying-deficiency + Stasis (OR = 3.826, 95% CI = 2.954-4.932) were also prone to IBS.

Conclusion:
These results confirmed the high correlation between TCM body constitutions and IBS. Because the current treatment for IBS is not entirely satisfactory, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine might provide patients with an alternative treatment option to alleviate IBS.
Impact of hyperuricemia on 5-year clinical outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
Authors: An Seong Joon , Ahn Woo Jin , Rha Seung-Woon , Park Soohyung , Hyun Su Jin , Cha Jin Ah , Byun Jae Kyeong , Choi Se Yeon , Choi Cheol Ung , Oh Dong Joo , Choi Byoung Geol 
Published: March 2024

Background
A growing evidence on the correlation between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been previously reported. However, there have been limited data on the impact of hyperuricemia on long-term clinical outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Methods
A total of 425 peripheral artery disease patients who underwent PTA for CLI were enrolled. The patients were divided into the hyperuricemia group (n = 101) and the normal group (n = 324). The primary endpoint was major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular event (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction, any coronary revascularization, and stroke, up to 5 years. The secondary endpoint was a major adverse limb event (MALE), including any repeated PTA, and target extremity surgery. Inverse probability weighting (IPTW) analysis, derived from the logistic regression model, was performed to adjust for potential confounders.

Results
After IPTW matching analysis, compared to the normal group, the hyperuricemia group was associated with a higher incidence of MACCE (20.7% vs. 13.6%, hazard ratio [HR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–2.38, P = 0.006) including non-cardiac death (11.7% vs. 6.3%, HR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.19–3.19, P = 0.006) and MALE (47.7% vs. 36.0%, HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.23–2.13, P = 0.001) including non-target extremity revascularization (15.0% vs. 6.8%, HR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.52–3.84, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
In the present study, hyperuricemia was associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with CLI following PTA during 5-year clinical follow-up. Efficacy of controlling hyperuricemia in improving clinical outcomes should be evaluated in further studies.
De novo lipid synthesis and polarized prenylation drives cell invasion through basement membrane
Authors: Park Kieop , Garde Aastha , Thendral Siddharthan B. , Soh Adam W. J. , Chi Qiuyi , Sherwood David R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSummaryInvasive cells form large, specialized protrusions to break through basement membrane (BM) matrix barriers. Park et al., reveal a crucial requirement for de novo lipid synthesis and a dynamic polarizing prenylation system to rapidly construct invasive protrusions that breach BMs.To breach basement membrane (BM), cells in development and cancer use large, transient, specialized lipid-rich membrane protrusions. Using live imaging, endogenous protein tagging, and cell-specific RNAi duringC. elegansanchor cell (AC) invasion, we demonstrate that the lipogenic SREBP transcription factor SBP-1 drives expression of the fatty acid synthesis enzymes POD-2 and FASN-1 prior to invasion. We show that phospholipid producing LPIN-1 and sphingomyelin synthase SMS-1, which use fatty acids as substrates, produce lysosome stores that build the AC’s invasive protrusion, and that SMS-1 also promotes protrusion localization of the lipid raft partitioning ZMP-1 matrix metalloproteinase. Finally, we discover that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated HMG-CoA reductase HMGR-1, which generates isoprenoids for prenylation, enriches at the AC invasive front, and that the final ER prenylation enzyme, ICMT-1, localizes to ER exit sites that dynamically polarize to deliver prenylated GTPases for protrusion formation. Together, these results reveal a collaboration between lipogenesis and a polarized lipid prenylation system that drives invasive protrusion formation.
In-cell structure and snapshots ofcopiaretrotransposons in intact tissue by cryo-electron tomography
Authors: Klumpe Sven , Senti Kirsten A. , Beck Florian , Sachweh Jenny , Hampoelz Bernhard , Ronchi Paolo , Yeroslaviz Assa , Briggs John A.G. , Brennecke Julius , Beck Martin , Plitzko Jürgen M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLong terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons belong to the transposable elements (TE), autonomously replicating genetic elements that integrate into the host’s genome. LTR retrotransposons represent a major component of genomes across the tree of life; some derived sequences have even been domesticated by the host to perform cellular functions in essential processes such as development. Among animals,Drosophila melanogasterserves as an important model organism for TE research, harboring several LTR retrotransposons, including the Ty1-copiafamily, which is evolutionarily related to retroviruses and forms virus-like particles (VLPs). The architectural organization ofcopiaVLPsin situhas remained unknown. In this study, we use cryo-FIB milling and lift-out approaches to visualizecopiaVLPs in isolated ovarian cells and intact egg chambers and resolve thein situ copiacapsid structure to 7.7 Å resolution by cryo-ET. While cytosoliccopiaVLPs vary in size, nuclear VLPs are homogenous and form densely packed clusters, supporting a model in which nuclear import acts as a size selector. By analyzing flies deficient in the TE-suppressing PIWI-piRNA pathway, we observe a change incopialocalization from cytosolic to nuclear during spermatogenesis in testes. Our findings provide insights into the cellular structural biology of an active LTR retrotransposon and shed light on the replication cycle ofcopiain the context of host gametogenesis.
Investigating the Evolution of Green Algae with a Large Transcriptomic Dataset
Authors: Ferranti David A. , Delwiche Charles F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe colonization of land by plants, thought to have occurred approximately 450-500 million years ago (Ma) is one of the most important events in the history of life on Earth. Land plants, hereafter referred to as “embryophytes,” comprise the foundation of every terrestrial biome, making them an essential lineage for the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. The embryophytes form a monophyletic clade within one of the two major phyla of the green algae, the Streptophyta. Estimates from fossil data and molecular clock analyses suggest the charophytes diverged from the other main phylum of green algae, the Chlorophyta, as much as 1500 Ma. Here we present a phylogenetic analysis using transcriptomic and genomic data of 62 green algae and embryophyte operational taxonomic units, 31 of which were assembledde novofor this project. We focus on identifying the charophyte lineage that is sister to embryophytes, and show that the Zygnematophyceae have the strongest support, followed by the Charophyceae. We demonstrate that this phylogenetic tree topology is robust across different phylogenetic models and methods. Furthermore, we examine amino acid and codon usage across the tree and find these data broadly follow the phylogenetic tree. We conclude by searching the dataset for several protein domains and gene families known to be important in embryophytes, including the ethylene signaling pathway and various ion transporters. Many of these domains and genes have homologous sequences in the charophyte lineages, giving insight into the processes that underlay the colonization of the land by plants.