bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Long-Term Disability Outcomes in Trauma Patients: Study Protocol
Authors: Shaukat Natasha , Merchant Asma Altaf Hussain , Sahibjan Fazila , Abbasi Ayesha , Jarrar Zeerak , Ahmed Tanweer , Atiq Huba , Khan Uzma Rahim , Khan NadeemUllah , Mushtaq Saima , Rasul Shahid , Hyder Adnan , Razzak Junaid , Haider Adil 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Post-discharge patient-reported outcomes from trauma registries can be used to measure trauma care quality. However, studies reflecting the Asian experience are limited. Therefore, we aim to develop a digital trauma registry to prospectively capture patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at one-, three-, six-, and twelve-months post-injury in Pakistan.
Methods
We will use a cohort study design to develop a digital trauma registry at two tertiary care facilities (Aga Khan University Hospital & Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center) in Karachi, Pakistan. The registry will include all admitted adult trauma patients (≥18 years). Data collection will be digital using tablets, with mortality, level of disability, and functional status, quality of life being the outcomes. Telephonic interviews will be conducted with the patients and caregivers for follow-up data collection.
Discussion
The high disability burden following accidental trauma imposes a significant burden and cost on individuals and society. Therefore, the trauma registry would fill this gap by capturing post-discharge long-term PROs. It will provide the injured patient's post-discharge situation, challenges, and future directions for incorporating long-term PROs in low-resource settings. Including long-term measures in routine follow-ups will provide insights into physical, social, and policy barriers and help advance injury care research.
The effect of home-based and remote exercises on low back pain during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Jafari Behrouz , Amiri Mohammad Rahim , Labecka Marta Kinga , Rajabi Reza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: The prevalence of low back pain (LBP) surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing challenges to face-to-face treatment. Therefore, this systematic review aims to determine the effectiveness of various digital solutions for controlling and treatment of LBP during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The systematic review was performed from 2019 until 2023 across databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed, according to the eligibility criteria. This review fulfilled the following criteria according to the PICO system: population (individuals using virtual exercises at home for LBP), interventions (distance rehabilitation and digital application), comparison (intervention group performing exercises virtually at home, and control group receiving in-person services), outcome (methods used in the diagnosis of LBP). Only high-quality randomized controlled trial studies were included and assessed using the PEDro scale. All the studies were assessed to be of high quality.
Results: After the final review, 15 articles with 3789 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Digital tools such as video calls, Artificial Intelligence programs, Virtual Reality Exercises, and video-based programs were commonly used in studies addressing LBP management. The included articles' scores ranged from 6.2 on the PEDro scale, which has a maximum of 10 points.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted heightened attention to digital treatments, yielding relatively acceptable results for patients and therapists. However, recent technological advances indicate future expansion in this field. Key aspects of this method include training individuals in self-management of LBP and promoting adherence. Nonetheless, the high diversity in the use of digital methods poses limitations on conclusive outcomes.
Registration: The systematic review has been registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [CRD42022377172;28/11/2022].
Graph Neural Networks in Multi-Stained Pathological Imaging: Extended Comparative Analysis of Radiomic Features
Authors: Monroy Luis Carlos Rivera , Rist Leonhard , Ostalecki Christian , Bauer Andreas , Vera Julio , Breininger Katharina , Maier Andreas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates Radiomics features for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in MELC pathology sample classification focusing on often misdiagnosed skin diseases.
Methods: GNNs processing multiple pathological slides together as cell-level graphs are compared to XGBoost and Random Forest. The analysis assesses the use of MELC vs. Radiomics features, their dimensionality reduction with UMAP or tSNE and the graph connectivity based on spatial and feature closeness.
Results: Integrating Radiomics features in a spatially connected graph markedly outperforms standard models when classifying pathologically similar diseases. Additionally, the UMAP dimensionality reduction techniques improves GNN classification performance.
Conclusion: Radiomics, processed with GNNs, shows promise for multi-disease classification, enhancing diagnosis accuracy. Considering the potential, future research should extend these methods to a broader range of diseases.
Free fermions beyond Jordan and Wigner
Authors: Fendley Paul , Pozsgay Balázs 
Published: April 2024

The Jordan-Wigner transformation is frequently utilised to rewrite quantum spin chains in terms of fermionic operators. When the resulting Hamiltonian is bilinear in these fermions, i.e. the fermions are free, the exact spectrum follows from the eigenvalues of a matrix whose size grows only linearly with the volume of the system. However, several Hamiltonians that do not admit a Jordan-Wigner transformation to fermion bilinears still have the same type of free-fermion spectra. The spectra of such “free fermions in disguise” models can be found exactly by an intricate but explicit construction of the raising and lowering operators. We generalise the methods further to find a family of such spin chains. We compute the exact spectrum, and generalise an elegant graph-theory construction. We also explain how this family admits an N=2 lattice supersymmetry.
Effects of conventional soil and water conservation measures on soil moisture of sloping land in the loess region
Authors: Chai Yuanyuan , Shi Xi , Zhang Runxia , Han Chong 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Traditional soil conservation measures were widely recognized for their excellent ability to promote rainwater infiltration in the loess region. However, little is known about how these measures affect the soil moisture variations under natural rainfall conditions. To compare their effects on soil water content, four different treatments were conducted at runoff plots, i.e., super absorbent polymer amendment (SCR), ridge–furrow rainwater harvesting with plastic mulching (CRP), the same measure with CRP but without mulching (CRN), and flat planting (FSN, control), soil moisture at multiple slope positions and depths were periodically measured. The results showed that in the top 0- to 30-cm soil, SCR and CRN relatively greatly varied with time, yet CRP and FSN changed less. The mean soil water content of these treatments generally followed the pattern of CRN &gt; SCR &gt; CRP &gt; FSN. Responding to a heavy rainfall event, the recharge and depletion rates of soil water storage generally showed similar patterns of SCR &gt; CRN &gt; CRP &gt; FSN in the topsoil, yet in the deeper soil they followed the patterns of CRP &gt; CRN &gt; FSN &gt; SCR. It suggested that SCR and CRN could improve the water accumulation and infiltration performances in the topsoil, and thus may be more suitable for rain-fed crop planting on sloping farmlands of the loess region.
Advancement of membrane separation technology for organic pollutant removal
Authors: Kafle Saroj Raj , Adhikari Sangeet , Shrestha Rakesh , Ban Sagar , Khatiwada Gaurav , Gaire Pragati , Tuladhar Nerisha , Jiang Guangming , Tiwari Ananda 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

In the face of growing global freshwater scarcity, the imperative to recycle and reuse water becomes increasingly apparent across industrial, agricultural, and domestic sectors. Eliminating a range of organic pollutants in wastewater, from pesticides to industrial byproducts, presents a formidable challenge. Among the potential solutions, membrane technologies emerge as promising contenders for treating diverse organic contaminants from industrial, agricultural, and household origins. This paper explores cutting-edge membrane-based approaches, including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, gas separation membranes, and pervaporation. Each technology's efficacy in removing distinct organic pollutants while producing purified water is scrutinized. This review delves into membrane fouling, discussing its influencing factors and preventative strategies. It sheds light on the merits, limitations, and prospects of these various membrane techniques, contributing to the advancement of wastewater treatment. It advocates for future research in membrane technology with a focus on fouling control and the development of energy-efficient devices. Interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers, engineers, policymakers, and industry players is vital for shaping water purification innovation. Ongoing research and collaboration position us to fulfill the promise of accessible, clean water for all.
Impact of an Automated Population-Level Cirrhosis Screening Program Using Common Pathology Tests on Rates of Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Linkage to Specialist Care (CAPRISE): Protocol for a Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Intervention Study
Authors: Flores Joan Ericka , Trambas Christina , Jovanovic Natasha , Thompson Alexander J , Howell Jessica 
Published: April 2024

Background
People with compensated cirrhosis receive the greatest benefit from risk factor modification and prevention programs to reduce liver decompensation and improve early liver cancer detection. Blood-based liver fibrosis algorithms such as the Aspartate Transaminase–to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index are calculated using routinely ordered blood tests and are effective screening tests to exclude cirrhosis in people with chronic liver disease, triaging the need for further investigations to confirm cirrhosis and linkage to specialist care.

Objective
This pilot study aims to evaluate the impact of a population screening program for liver cirrhosis (CAPRISE [Cirrhosis Automated APRI and FIB-4 Screening Evaluation]), which uses automated APRI and FIB-4 calculation and reporting on routinely ordered blood tests, on monthly rates of referral for transient elastography, cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

Methods
We have partnered with a large pathology service in Victoria, Australia, to pilot a population-level liver cirrhosis screening package, which comprises (1) automated calculation and reporting of APRI and FIB-4 on routinely ordered blood tests; (2) provision of brief information about liver cirrhosis; and (3) a web link for transient elastography referral. APRI and FIB-4 will be prospectively calculated on all community-ordered pathology results in adults attending a single pathology service. This single-center, prospective, single-arm, pre-post study will compare the monthly rates of transient elastography (FibroScan) referral, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and the proportion linked to specialist care in the 6 months after intervention to the 6 months prior to the intervention.

Results
As of January 2024, in the preintervention phase of this study, a total of 120,972 tests were performed by the laboratory. Of these tests, 78,947 (65.3%) tests were excluded, with the remaining 42,025 (34.7%) tests on 37,872 individuals meeting inclusion criteria with APRI and FIB-4 being able to be calculated. Of these 42,025 tests, 1.3% (n=531) had elevated APRI>1 occurring in 446 individuals, and 2.3% (n=985) had elevated FIB-4>2.67 occurring in 816 individuals. Linking these data with FibroScan referral and appointment attendance is ongoing and will continue during the intervention phase, which is expected to commence on February 1, 2024.

Conclusions
We will determine the feasibility and effectiveness of automated APRI and FIB-4 reporting on the monthly rate of transient elastography referrals, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12623000295640; https://tinyurl.com/58dv9ypp

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/56607
Elevating Financial Literacy Among Women Entrepreneurs: Cognitive Approach of Strong Financial Knowledge, Financial Skills and Financial Responsibility
Authors: Tanggamani Vani , Rahim Azlina , Bani Hamidah , Alias Nor Ashikin 
Published: April 2024

A notable challenge for Malaysian women entrepreneurs is the lack of adequate financial literacy, which leads to a major setback in their business growth. However, it was discovered that women entrepreneurs have poor financial knowledge and a narrow-minded "just live for today" mindset when it comes to financial planning. The purpose of this study is to raise financial literacy among Malaysian women entrepreneurs to encourage accountable behavior and rational thinking to improve financial knowledge, financial skills and financial responsibility. Thus, this study is extremely referred to in the cognitive approach of strong financial knowledge, financial skills and financial responsibility of the group to be considered, giving importance to the development of the community economic activities and program. This study adopts the theory of resource-based view and uses a mixed-method design that combines the quantitative research methods of questionnaires and qualitative research method of semistructured in-depth interviews to improve the level of financial literacy that is anticipated to advance financially literate women entrepreneurs for sustainable economic wellbeing. The outcome of this study is expected to alleviate women entrepreneurs’ economic well-being since there is no specific benchmark of financial literacy for women-based entrepreneurship currently. Integrating the standpoints of women entrepreneurs is recognized as the mission of the Ministry of Women, Family, and Community Development to increase the number of participants and raise the status of women entrepreneurs in this country as well as towards "Developing Malaysia MADANI", support the principles of Shared Prosperity Vision and the mission of SDG2030.
The Influence of Labor Market Power in the Audit Profession
Authors: Aobdia Daniel , Li Qin , Na Ke , Wu Hong 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
This paper examines the influence of labor market power in the audit profession. Using a dataset of online job postings, we confirm that audit offices in more concentrated labor markets have greater labor market power and exercise it in the form of higher skill requirements and greater required effort from their auditors, at similar or slightly lower wages. We then show that client firms of audit offices in more concentrated labor markets are less likely to restate their earnings and have lower absolute discretionary accruals. These findings are only present when employees have lower mobility across professions and geographies, consistent with audit offices’ power in the local labor market explaining the results. Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of labor market power in understanding audit quality.
Data Availability: Data are available from the sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: J31; J40; J42; M42; M55.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis, a rising issue in targeted cancer therapy era: A literature review
Authors: Adiwinata Randy , Tandarto Kevin , Tanadi Caroline , Waleleng Bradley Jimmy , Haroen Harlinda , Rotty Linda , Gosal Fandy , Rotty Luciana , Hendratta Cecilia , Lasut Pearla , Winarta Jeanne , Waleleng Andrew , Simadibrata Paulus , Simadibrata Marcellus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Research advances in the oncology treatment field have led to the widespread use of immunotherapy. The usage of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has improved the survival of cancer patients with metastases. This has also led to the rapidly expanding indications for ICI use. However, ICI usage may lead to toxicity, which may be immune-related, in different organ-specific targets. The immune-related adverse events (irAEs) of ICI may lead to increased morbidity, decreased quality of life, and early termination of ICI. The clinical manifestations of irAEs in the gastrointestinal system are variable, ranging from self-limited to life-threatening or fatal events. In this review article, we would like to focus on discussing ICI-induced colitis, which is one of the most common ICI irAEs in the gastrointestinal tract.
Transseptal approach in endoscopic sphenoidotomy
Authors: Karpishchenko S. A. , Vereshchagina O. E. , Arustamyan I. G. , Stancheva O. A. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION. Isolated sphenoid sinus disease is a rare condition due to the topographic location of the sinus. In complicated cases and the occurrence of a chronic course, the main method of treatment is surgical cure. There are different approaches to the main sinus, the most effective and safest is endoscopic endonasal sphenotomy. However, in cases of anomalies or disorders of the development of the sphenoid sinuses, as well as the need for combined operations, the transeptal approach may be the method of choice.OBJECTIVE is to evaluate the effectiveness and security of the proposed access.METHODS AND MATERIALS. A prospective analysis was carried out of 52 patients who underwent surgical treatment of isolated sphenoiditis at the Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology of the Pavlov State Medical University in the period from 2018 to 2023.RESULTS. In 5 cases, the sphenoid sinus was opened by transseptal approach. As a result of the analysis of the two approaches, no statistically significant differences were found.CONCLUSIONS. Our surgical interventions with transseptal approach in patients with minor sphenoid sinuses, impaired course of the internal cerebral artery, as well as the need for simultaneous correction of the nasal septum revealed the advisability and effectiveness of approach in such situations, as well as its safety in relation to neurovascular structures.
Modern concept of treatment of patients with ventral hernias
Authors: Romashchenko P. N. , Kurygin Al. A. , Semenov V. V. , Prudieva S. A. , Mamoshin A. A. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION. The relevance of treating patients with hernias of the anterior abdominal wall is beyond doubt, since the incidence of the disease is on average 5 people per 1000, and hernioplasty itself is one of the most common operations in a general surgical hospital. However, the relapse rate remains quite high. There remains a debate about the choice of surgical option; the issues of prevention and treatment of pain syndrome, as well as tactics for managing patients with a complicated postoperative period, remain unresolved.The OBJECTIVE was to evaluate the effectiveness of the modern concept of treating patients with ventral hernias and to substantiate the principles for choosing a hernioplasty technique.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The study is based on the results of treatment of 1938 patients operated on at the Faculty Surgery Clinic named after S.P. Fedorov Military Medical Academy in the period from 2015 to 2022. Both open and endovideosurgical options for surgical interventions were performed for isolated umbilical hernias or in combination with diastasis of the rectus muscles, hernias of the white line of the abdomen, inguinal and postoperative hernias, including reduction of the volume of the abdominal cavity.RESULTS. During the study, an algorithm for the treatment of patients with ventral hernias was developed, various options for perioperative pain relief were proposed, and the tactics for treating infectious and purulent complications were substantiated.CONCLUSION. A specialized surgical hospital must perform all possible options for both traditional and endovideosurgical hernioplasty, use innovative options for pain relief in the perioperative period, and apply modern methods for diagnosing and treating postoperative complications in order to provide personalized medical care.
Multi-contrast echo-planar imaging sequence (Echo-planar imaging mix) in clinical situations demanding faster MRI-brain scans
Authors: Ganesh Viswanadh Kalaparti Sri Venkata , Kamepalli Hari Kishore , Sharma Dev Prakash , Thomas Bejoy , Kesavadas Chandrasekharan 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
The excellent resolution offered by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a trade-off in the form of scan duration. The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical utility of echo-planar imaging mix (EPIMix), an echo-planar imaging-based MRI sequence for the brain with a short acquisition time.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study of 50 patients, who could benefit from faster MRI brain scans. The T1, T2, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and T2*/susceptibility-weighted imaging sequences were acquired, conventionally and with EPIMix. Conventional and EPIMix images were assessed by two radiologists for overall quality, motion, and susceptibility artifacts and scored on a Likert scale. The scores given for conventional and EPIMix images were compared. The diagnostic performance of EPIMix was also assessed by the ability to detect clinically relevant findings.

Results:
The acquisition time for conventional MRI was 11 min and 45 s and for EPIMix 1 min and 15 s. All EPIMix images were sufficient for diagnostic use. On assessment of the diagnostic performance, it was excellent for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Smaller lesions, lesions adjacent to bone, and post-operative tumors were difficult to identify. Moderate to perfect agreement (Kappa values 0.41–1) was seen between radiologists for all categories except skull base, calvarial, and orbital lesions. Image quality, artifact assessment showed excellent interobserver agreement (>90%) for the scores. All EPIMix images showed reduced motion artifacts. The EPIMix-DWI was comparable to conventional-DWI in terms of quality and artifacts. The remaining sequences showed reduced quality and increased susceptibility.

Conclusion:
The EPIMix has a significantly reduced acquisition time than conventional MRI and could be used instead of conventional MRI in situations demanding faster scans such as suspected acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. In other clinical scenarios, it could help tailor the MRI examination for each patient.
La visita quirúrgica ideal: elementos para su correcta implementación
Authors: Sanabria Álvaro , Vega Valentín , Domínguez Luis Carlos , Osorio Camilo , Espitia Erick , Serna Adriana 
Published: April 2024

La tradición de la visita quirúrgica tiene cientos de años y hace parte de las actividades médicas cotidianas. No obstante, su metodología es variable y cada cirujano le imprime su visión, sus métodos, sus condiciones y características, asumiendo que se hace bien. En vista de la heterogeneidad propia de la actividad, se pretende ofrecer algunas recomendaciones basadas en la literatura científica que permitan darle una organización y estandarización mínimas, y que sirvan como base para una aplicación de los modelos que se esperan de una visita quirúrgica.
La visita quirúrgica que cumple sus funciones requiere de una planeación y un ejercicio sistemático para que consiga sus objetivos. La manera más útil hasta ahora conocida para no olvidar los pasos, mientras se convierte en una rutina, es utilizar listas de chequeo. Es la oportunidad para evaluarnos y evaluar a los otros dentro de un contexto académico, y es una estrategia perfecta para un control de los costos hospitalarios y evaluación de las políticas de costo-efectividad de las instituciones.