bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of sequences involved in both basal expression and phenobarbital induction of a CYP2B2 gene using in vitro transcription system
Authors: Shervington Amal 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCytochrome P450 2B2 and 2B1 are induced in mammalian liver in response to barbiturates such as phenobarbital. The induction of the proteins is mediated at the transcriptional level. Owing to the lack of a suitable phenobarbital‐responsive cell line to investigate the molecular mechanism responsible for the induction, we adopted an alternative approach involving the use of in vitro transcription system, DNA constructs containing a G‐free cassette under the control of various section of the 5′ flanking sequence of rat CYP2B2 gene were transcribed in nuclear protein extracts isolated from the livers of phenobarbital‐treated or untreated rats. The results of these experiments indicated the presence within the CYP2B2 promoter of two positive DNA elements, one located between ‐178 and ‐368 and the other between ‐368 and ‐984, that are involved in regulating basal transcription of the gene. In addition, a negative regulatory element is present between ‐2880 and ‐5600. A DNA sequence involved in regulating the induction of expression of the gene in response to phenobarbital is located between ‐178 and ‐368. The use of synthetic oligonucleotides as competitor in vitro transcription assays indicated the importance for transcriptional control of the CYP2B2 gene of sequences located between ‐183 and ‐199 and ‐31 and ‐72 that were identified previously [1] as binding rat liver nuclear proteins that are enriched ox activated in vivo by phenobarbital.
Detection of infectious bursal disease virus of poultry in clinical samples by RT‐PCR
Authors: Kataria R. S. , Tiwari A. K. , Bandyopadhyay S. K. , Kataria J. M. , Butchaiah G. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe RT‐PCR technique was adopted to amplify variable region of VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus using three different sets of primers. These primers could generate products of 643, 474 and 552 bp sizes. The authenticity of the amplicons was confirmed by their size in agarose gel, restriction enzyme digestion and by nested PCR. Out of total five clinical samples tested, IBD viral genomic RNA could be detected in four by RT‐PCR. Restriction enzyme digestion of PCR products with StuI could differentiate clinical samples from an intermediate vaccine strain currently being used in India.
Crystals of ribosomal protein L1 from a hyperthermophilic archaeon Methanococcus jannaschii
Authors: Tishchenko Svetlana , Nikonov Stanislav , Garber Maria , Kraft Alex , Köhrer Caroline , Piendl Wolfgang 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCrystallographic studies of ribosomal proteins from bacteria progressed rapidly during the last decade, though the structures of ribosomal proteins from other kingdoms have not yet been published. Here we describe crystalls of archaeal ribosomal protein L1 from Methanococcus jannaschii. The protein crystals were grown in 10% PEG 10 K, 50 mM Hepes‐HCl (pH 7.5) in hanging drops equilibrated against 33% PEG 10 K, 100 mM Hepes‐HCl (pH 7.5). The crystals diffract to at least 2.5 Å resolution and belong to the space group P1 with cell parameters a=34.09 Å, b=39.39 Å, c=55.84 Å, α=83.65°, β=80.38°, γ=75.37°.
Effects of amidinopiperidine‐4‐Carboxylic acid 4‐tert‐butylphenyl ester, a specific trypsin inhibitor, on the growth of HL‐60 Cells
Authors: Zhang Minyue , Zhu Jianqin , Zhu Dexu , Muramatu Mutumi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPrevious results showed that the synthetic compound amidinopiperidine‐4‐carboxylic acid 4‐tert‐butylphenyl ester (APCA‐OPhBut), a trypsin inhibitor, could specifically inhibit the activity of proteinase In and lead to growth arrest of Hela cells in early S phase. In this study, APCA‐OPhBut exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of HL‐60 cells. Apoptotic cells were observed when the cells were cultured with APCA‐OPhBut above 50μM. Time course studies demonstrated that apoptotic cells were increased in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Flowcytometric assays demonstrated that HL‐60 cells underwent slight G1 growth arrest after treatment with APCA‐OPhBut. No change of Bcl‐2 protein level was detected. The findings suggest that the intracellular trypsin‐like protease inhibited by APCA‐OPhBut not only plays a key role in DNA synthesis initiation but is also necessary for survival of certain cell lines.
Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding ribonuclease F1 from Fusarium moniliforme
Authors: Yoshida Hiroshi , Iizuka Marl , Norioka Naoko , Norioka Shigemi , Sakiyama Fumio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTwo cDNA clones encoding ribonuclease F1 (EC 3. 1. 27. 3) have been isolated using a probe prepared by polymerase chain reaction with primers designed on the basis of amino acid sequence of the enzyme. They derived probably from the same gene and contained 393‐base pair open reading frame encoding 131 amino acid residues (Mr 13,606) including a putative 25‐residue signal peptide. The sequences of 43‐base pair 5′‐untranslated region and 125‐base pair 3′‐untranslated region including a poly(A) tail of 25 nucleotides were also elucidated. Homology analyses showed that cDNA for ribonuclease F1 has 65% homology to that for ribonuclease T1 in the coding region. At the preprotein level, they share 53% homology.
Light is associated with a 34 kDa ribonucleoprotein in spinach chloroplasts
Authors: Kanekatsu Motoki , Sawada Hiroshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChloroplast ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) encoded by the nuclear genome may play an important role in the post‐transcriptional steps of light‐induced chloroplast gene expression. To study the relationship between the synthesis of a 34 kDa ribonucleoprotein (p34) and light in spinach chloroplasts, a polyclonal antibody was raised against p34. Immunoblotting revealed that p34 synthesis was induced in a light dependent manner. In addition, levels of the large subunit of ribulose‐1,5‐bis phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) encoded by the chloroplast genome fluctuated in relation to those of p34. These results suggest that the synthesis of p34 in response to light induces of chloroplast gene expression.
Characterization of acidic ribosomal proteins from three developmental stages of the medfly Ceratitis capitata
Authors: Kouyanou Sophia , Gagou Mary‐Elisabeth , Fragoulis Emmanuel G. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAcidic proteins extracted with 0.5 M NH4Cl and 50% ethanol from ribosomes of the medfly Ceratitis capitata showed two major bands of MW 15 and 17 kD after SDS electrophoresis. Isoelectrofocusing of acidic proteins resolved two groups of bands at pH 4.5 and 3.5. Similar patterns were observed both from the acidic ribosomal protein fraction and from total ribosomes, treated with RNase. Treatment with alkaline phosphatase reduced the number of bands with a shift to a higher pI, indicating dephosphorylation. The phosphorylation pattern of the acidic proteins changed at three different stages of development, six day larvae, white pupae and 0‐2 days old embryos. The two protein groups correspond to multi‐phosphorylated forms of eucaryotic acidic ribosomal proteins P1 and P2. This was shown by immunoblotting with specific monoclonal antibodies.
Activation of cAMP synthesis in rat brain cortical membranes by rubidium and cesium ions
Authors: Rosenthal Katri , Lember Jaanus , Karelson Ello , Järv Jaak 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRubidium and cesium chlorides accelerated cAMP synthesis in rat brain cortex membranes, while other alkali metal chlorides had no influence on the rate of this process. The effect was dose‐dependent and yielded above 2‐fold activation of adenylate cyclase. It has been shown that Rb+ and Cs+ influenced directly the catalytic subunit of the enzyme and did not substitute Mg2+ in formation of the metal‐ATP complex in this reaction. The stimulatory effect of Rb+ was additive to the activation of adenylate cyclase by the half‐maximal (0.31‐μM) as well as by the saturating (10 μM) forskolin concentrations, pointing to the fact that these effectors activate different isoforms of the enzyme in rat brain cortex.
C‐Jun N‐terminal kinase‐mediated AP‐1 activation in experimental glomerulonephritis in rats
Authors: Sakurai Hiroaki , Sugita Takahisa 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe demonstrated activation of transcription factor AP‐1 in rat nephrotoxic serum (NTS)‐induced glomerulonephritis in a previous report. Here, we evaluate c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNKs) activity to clarify the molecular mechanisms of AP‐1 activation in nephritic glomeruli. Increased JNKs activity was detected in glomeruli isolated from NTS‐treated rats. The kinetics of JNKs activation was similar to that of AP‐1 activation. Phosphorylated c‐Jun at Ser63, one of the target residues for JNK, was also detected in nephritic glomeruli. This is the first report demonstrating JNKs‐mediated c‐Jun/AP‐1 activation in nephritic glomeruli. These results suggest an important role of the JNK‐AP‐1 signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis.
The potential role for Cdc42 protein from rat brain cytosol in phospholipase D activation
Authors: Han Joong‐Soo , Kim Hyung‐Chul , Chung Joon‐Ki , Kang Heun‐Soo , Donaldson Jason , Koh Jai‐Kyung 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPhospholipase D (PLD) has been extracted from rat brain membranes and chromatographically enriched 70‐fold. From the rat brain cytosol, Cdc42 with a Mr of about 24,000 and ADP‐ribosylation Factor (Arf) with a Mr of about 18,000 have been purified to near homogeneity. PLD was activated better by purified cytosolic Arf than by the other small G proteins tested. Cdc42 purified from rat brain cytosol showed 70% of PLD activation activity exerted by cytosolic Arf, suggesting that Cdc42 may be one of the major G proteins involved in the activation of membrane‐associated PLD. While Cdc42 or RhoA exhibited synergistic activation of PLD when administered in conjunction with Arf, Cdc42 and RhoA showed an additive effect when used together. It is possible that Arf and Rho family proteins may have different interaction sites on PLD. These findings support a role for GTP‐binding proteins of the Rho family as well as Arf in the activation of membrane‐associated PLD and further suggest that Cdc42 may be a major G protein involved in the PLD activation in rat brain.
Spin trapping for nitric oxide produced in LPS‐treated mouse using various new dithiocarbamate iron complexes having substituted proline and serine moiety
Authors: Nakagawa Hidehiko , Ikota Nobuo , Ozawa Toshihiko , Masumizu Toshiki , Kohno Masahiro 
Published: July 2007

AbstractFour dithiocarbamate derivatives of 4‐substituted L‐proline and N‐methyl‐L‐serine were synthesized, and their iron complexes were prepared in Tris‐HCl buffer solution. These complexes were used as spin trapping reagents for nitric oxide in ESR spectrometry, and compared with each other in regard to their spin trapping properties in vivo. When the synthesized complexes were injected to lipopolysaccharide‐treated mice intravenously, the nitric oxide adducts were detected both in the liver and in the blood except N‐dithiocarboxy‐4‐(methoxymethyl)oxy‐L‐proline iron complex, whose nitric oxide adduct was detected mostly in the blood. When the exogenous nitric oxide adduct of this complex was injected, it was not detected in the liver, too. It is considered that this complex can trap nitric oxide in the blood by excluding the accumulation of the nitric oxide adduct in the liver.
TNFα‐induced aerobic synthesis of ATP on plasma membranes of target cells. The relation to the expression of the nuclear oncogene c‐myc
Authors: Globa A. G. , Solovyev A. S. , Terentyev A. A. , Demidova V. S. , Shulgina M. F. , Alesenko A. V. , Karelin A. A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe accumulation of ATP by preparations of plasma membranes enriched particles (PMEP) isolated from rat hepatocytes, murine splenocytes and human T‐lymphocytes has been investigated after the binding of human and murine tumour necrosis factors (TNFα) to their specific receptors. The TNFα‐induced expression of the nuclear oncogene c‐myc in intact hepatocytes has been also studied. TNFα induced the marked biosynthesis of ATP on PMEP of hepatocytes and splenocytes within the first minute of incubation. The biosynthesis of ATP was independent of the activity of adenylate kinase and only occured in the presence of all the components of aerobic phosphorylation and the electron acceptor, cytochrome C or diferric transferrin. The level of ATP on PM correlated with the degree of expression of the nuclear oncogene c‐myc in the same target cells. Adriamycin totally suppressed the biosynthesis of ATP on PM and simultaneously inhibited the expression of c‐myc. The ATP synthesized on PM is suggested to be involved in transduction of the proliferative or growth signal to the cell nucleus.
Activation of apoptotic caspase‐3 and nitric oxide synthase‐2 in buccal mucosa with chronic alcohol ingestion
Authors: Slomiany B. L. , Piotrowski J. , Piotrowski E. , Slomiany A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractApoptosis, the process of programmed cell death, involves activation of caspase proteases cascade that remains under the regulatory control of nitric oxide. In this study, we investigated the activity of a key apoptotic protease, caspase‐3, and the expression of nitric oxide synthase‐2 (NOS‐2) associated with buccal epithelial cells apoptosis induced by chronic ethanol diet. The assays revealed that a 7.9‐fold enhancement in buccal epithelial cells apoptosis, observed in the alcohol diet group, was accompanied by a 37.6‐fold increase in caspase‐3 activity and a 10.1‐fold increase in NOS‐2. Furthermore, the expression of NOS‐2 showed a positive correlation (r = 0.92) with the extent of changes induced in caspase‐3 activity. These results implicate caspase‐3 in the process of alcohol‐induced epithelial cells apoptosis, and point towards participation of NOS‐2 in the amplification of the cell death signaling cascade.
A new PCR‐based approach to a fast search of a wide spectrum of cry genes from Bacillus thuringiensis strains
Authors: Shevelev A. B. , Lewitin E. , Novikova S. I. , Wojciechowska Ya.A. , Usacheva E. A. , Chestukhina G. G. , Stepanov V. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA pair of highly degenerated primers was adapted to carry out a single‐step PCR‐detection of any known and probably unknown cry genes of classes cry1, cry4 and cry9 encoding for 130 kDa protein δ‐endotoxins in the natural Bacillus thuringiensis i(BT) strains. The Southern hybridization of the product has demonstrated that essentially remote cry‐genes like cry1Aa and cry9A (cryIG) could be represented in the single amplificate if they are simultaneously present in the genome of the analyzed strain.Four genes were detected by the proposed scheme in the iBT ssp. galleriae 11‐67. One of them, gene cry1Ga1 was originally found and cloned using the PCR‐amplification product obtained from the genomic DNA of this strain as a probe. The new gene was completely identical to one cloned by B. Lambert (unpublished, EMBL accession number Z22510) and essentially related to cryIM (EMBL accession number Y09326), renamed according to the new nomenclature as cry1Ga2.
Fluorimetric studies on saccharide binding to the basic lectin from Artocarpus hirsuta
Authors: Gaikwad Sushama M. , Gurjar Madhura M. , Khan M. Islam 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe binding of Artocarpus hirsuta lectin to galactose and its derivatives was examined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The intrinsic fluorescence intensity of the lectin was enhanced by 55 % upon binding to methyl α‐galactose without any change in the emission maximum (333nm). 4‐Methyl umbellifery α‐galactopyranoside showed 100% quenching of its fluorescence intensity upon binding to the lectin without any shift in the emission maximum (373nm). The association constant for the binding of the above sugars to the lectin decreases with increasing temperature. Methyl group in the α anomeric position of galactose enhanced the binding while that in the β position reduced the binding to the lectin. Solute quenching studies of the lectin using acrylamide, potassium iodide and cesium chloride indicated that the tryptophan residues were fully accessible to the neutral quencher, while only partly accessible to the ionic quenchers.
Purification of heparin‐binding protein HBp17 and identification of HBp17 heparin binding site
Authors: Wang Xin‐Chang , Chen Jun‐Hui , Crab J. W. , Sato J. D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHBp17 was purified by Heparin‐Copper biaffinity chromatography and HPLC from conditioned medium of A431 cell. The purified HBp17 was digested by staphylococcus urcus V8 protease or chymotrypsin and the heparin‐binding fragments were isolated by Heparin‐Sepharose. One binding site of peptide mapping is HBp17 residues 110‐145 produced by V8. Another one is HBp17 residues 82‐143 which were produced by chymotrypsin digestion. Two binding sites of peptide mapping are overlap. Therefore the residues 110‐143 of HBp17 are the principle heparin binding site. The basic amino acid cluster in this region may be contribute to the binding of HBp17 to heparin or heparan sulfate proteoglycan on the cell surface and extracellular matrix.
Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and its 15‐hydroperoxy and 15‐hydroxy derivatives on glucosamine synthetase activity in rabbit gastric mucosa
Authors: Fujita Tadashi , Sakuma Satoru , Yamamoto Naho , Fujimoto Yohko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and its 15‐hydroperoxy and 15‐hydroxy adducts on the activity of glucosamine synthetase, the rate‐limiting enzyme of mucus synthesis, in rabbit gastric antral mucosa were examined. 15‐Hydroperoxy‐eicosapentaenoic acid inhibited the glucosamine synthetase activity at concentrations of 10, 20 and 50 μM. The effect was concentration‐dependent, and the concentration required for 50% inhibition was approximately 20 μM. Eicosapentaenoic acid and its 15‐hydroxy adduct had no significant effect on the enzyme activity at the same concentration range. The experiment utilizing Fe2+ revealed that the inhibitory effect of 15‐hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acid on the glucosamine synthetase activity is not due to hydroxy radical which is expected to be formed from the hydroperoxy adduct. These results suggest that 15‐hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acid has the potential to reduce the synthesis of gastric mucus by inhibiting the glucosamine synthetase activity.
Phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase binds to profilin through the p85α subunit and regulates cytoskeletal assembly
Authors: Bhargavi V. , Chari Veerendra B. , Singh Surya S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPhosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3‐K), endowed with catalytic (110kDa) and regulatory (85kDa) subunits co‐precipitates with anti‐tyrosine antibodies in mitogen‐activated cells. Association of PI3‐K with cytoskeleton activates its catalytic activity through undeciphered mechanisms. Recently Singh et al., (Biochemistry, 35, 16544‐16549, 1996) have shown that profilin activates PI3‐K activity in a concentration‐ dependent manner. Consequently, we investigated the interaction between the PI3‐K and profilin employing the GSTp85α fusion protein and the results indicate a specific interaction between pofilin and p85α. The effect of p85α/profilin complex on polymerization of actin monomers was monitored fluorimetrically employing pyrene‐labelled actin monomers. It was noted that p85α/profilin complex inhibits actin polymerization suggesting that profilin can simultaneously bind to actin as well as to p85α. The affinity of p85α/profilin complex to actin increases in the presence of p85α subunit of PI3‐K as compared to profilin itself.
The effect of pH on the unfolding pathway and stability of ribosome‐inactivating protein abrin‐II
Authors: Krupakar Jayarapu , Das Puspendu K. , Podder Sunil K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe effect of pH on the unfolding pathway and the stability of the toxic protein abrin‐II have been studied by increasing denaturant concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride and by monitoring the change in 8,1‐anilino naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence upon binding to the hydrophobic sites of the protein. Intrinsic protein fluorescence, far and near UV‐circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and ANS binding studies reveal that the unfolding of abrin‐II occurs through two intermediates at pH 7.2 and one intermediate at pH 4.5. At pH 7.2, the two subunits A and B of abrin‐II unfold sequentially. The native protein is more stable at pH 4.5 than at pH 7.2. However, the stability of the abrin‐II A‐subunit is not affected by a change in pH. These observations may assist in an understanding of the physiologically relevant transmembrane translocation of the toxin.
Enzymes (Isoenzyme System) as homeostatic mechanisms the isoenzyme (ADA2) of adenosine deaminase of human monocytes‐macrophages as a regulator of the 2′deoxyadenosine
Authors: Gakis Caritaos , Cappio‐Borlino Aldo , Pulina Giuseppe 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRegarding homeostatic mechanisms in the enzyme (isoenzymes) and substrate system we show through a simulation model obtained by STELLA II software that: (i) a pair of isoenzymes (Is1 and Is2) that have different affinity for the substrate (Is2 affinity < ls1 affinity), can constitute an efficient homeostatic mechanism: by varying the relative concentration of the isoenzymes in the system, the levels of the substrate can be controlled; (ii) the isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 of adenosine deaminase (ADA) that have different affinity for the substrate 2′deoxyadenosine (ADA2 has very weak affinity for 2′deoxyadenosine) constitute, inside human Monocytes‐Macrophages, a homeostatic mechanism that assures an up‐regulation of 2′deoxyadenosine and a down‐regulation of a second substrate (adenosine) for which the affinity of the two isoenzymes is similar.
Asergillus fumigatus strains recovered from immunocompromised patients (ICP): Suptyping of strains by RAPD analysis
Authors: Khan Zafar K. , Chowdhary Latika , Gyanchandani Anita , Goswami Mamta , Farooqui Nuzhat , Ranade Shirish A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractInvasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients (ICP) is the second most frequent opportunistic fungal infection. The causative organism includes 16 species of Aspergillus, of which A.fumigatus dominates the ubiquitous incidence of invasive or allergic broncho‐pulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). The definitive diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is difficult. We have analyzed 24 strains of A.fumigatus recovered from ICP using the RAPD technique. The profiles generated with the 20 primers tested were mostly unique. These results may have a profound impact on the management of aspergillosis, especially in the ICP.