bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Potential Mediating Role of Maternal Mental Health in the Association Between Socioeconomic Deprivation and Child Development Outcomes
Authors: Okelo Kenneth , Murray Aja , King Josiah , Hardie Iain , Hall Hildigunnur Anna , Luedecke Emily , Marryat Louise , Thompson Lucy , Minnis Helen , Lombardo Michael , Wilson Philip , Auyeung Bonnie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Socioeconomic deprivation has been linked to negative child developmental outcomes including brain development, psychological well-being, educational attainment, and social-emotional well-being. Maternal mental health has also been linked to mothers’ parenting practices and their children’s developmental outcomes. However, limited evidence exists regarding the role of maternal mental health (prenatal and postnatal) in the association between socioeconomic deprivation and children’s developmental outcomes.

Methods
We examined the potential role of maternal mental health in the association between socioeconomic deprivation (SED) and child development outcomes. We used a large linked administrative health dataset covering children born between 2011 and 2015 in Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Scotland. Of the 76,483 participants, 55,856 mothers with matched children’s developmental outcome data were included. A mediation analysis model, adjusted for confounders and covariates, was used.

Results
Maternal mental health assessed by a history of hospital admissions mediated, but to a small extent, the relationship between SED and children’s developmental outcomes. The average direct effect (ADE), of SED in the first model with a history of hospital admissions, was ADE: ES = − 0.0875 (95% CI = − 0.097, − 0.08; p < 0.001) and ACME: ES = − 0.0002 (95% CI = − 0.001, − 0.0001; p = 0.01). The proportion mediated by the history of mental health admission was 0.3%.

Conclusion
The association between SED and children’s developmental outcomes appears to be partially mediated by maternal mental health, although the proportional-mediated effect was very small.
Erdős-Hajnal Problems for Posets
Authors: Winter Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We say that a poset

$$(Q,\le _{Q})$$

(
Q
,

≤
Q

)

contains an induced copy of a poset

$$(P,\le _P)$$

(
P
,

≤
P

)

if there is an injective function

$$\phi :P\rightarrow Q$$

ϕ
:
P
→
Q

such that for every two

$$X,Y\in P,\;\; X\le _P Y$$

X
,
Y
∈
P
,

X

≤
P

Y

if and only if

$$\phi (X)\le _Q \phi (Y)$$

ϕ

(
X
)

≤
Q

ϕ

(
Y
)

. We denote the Boolean lattice

$$(2^{[n]},\subseteq )$$

(

2

[
n
]

,
⊆
)

by

$$Q_n$$

Q
n

. Given a fixed 2-coloring c of a poset P, the poset Erdős-Hajnal number of this colored poset is the smallest integer N such that every 2-coloring of the Boolean lattice

$$Q_N$$

Q
N

contains an induced copy of P colored as in c, or a monochromatic induced copy of

$$Q_n$$

Q
n

. We present bounds on the poset Erdős-Hajnal number of general colored posets, antichains, chains, and small Boolean lattices. Let the poset Ramsey number

$$R(Q_n,Q_n)$$

R
(

Q
n

,

Q
n

)

be the least N such that every 2-coloring of

$$Q_N$$

Q
N

contains a monochromatic induced copy of

$$Q_n$$

Q
n

. As a corollary, we show that

$$R(Q_n,Q_n)> 2.02n$$

R
(

Q
n

,

Q
n

)
>
2.02
n

, improving on the best known lower bound

$$2n+1$$

2
n
+
1

by Cox and Stolee (Order 35(3), 557–579 2018).
Innovation incentives and competition for corporate resources
Authors: Dutta Sunil , Fan Qintao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper investigates how competition for scarce corporate resources impacts innovation incentives within multidivisional firms and, consequently, shapes firms’ preferences for fostering or restricting intra-firm competition. In our model, divisions become privately informed about the potential value of new investment opportunities generated through their innovation initiatives. We demonstrate that intra-firm competition unambiguously reduces divisions’ ex ante innovation incentives. However, it benefits ex post resource allocation by enabling the firm to (i) select the most promising project and (ii) limit the rents divisions earn from their private information. Consequently, a firm’s preference to limit or encourage interdivisional competition hinges on balancing ex post allocative efficiency, which favors increased intra-firm competition, against ex ante innovation incentives, which favor reduced competition. Our analysis identifies plausible conditions under which each organizational design—competitive or exclusive innovation—emerges as the optimal choice.
Techno-economic Efficiency of Water Utilities: a Peer-Evaluation Estimation
Authors: Mocholi-Arce Manuel , Sala-Garrido Ramon , Maziotis Alexandros , Molinos-Senante Maria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Water utilities provide water and sanitation services in monopolistic conditions. Hence, assessing their performance through benchmarking is crucial for proper regulation. This research addresses the limitations of self-evaluation Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models commonly used for benchmarking water utilities’ efficiency. Given that these models often lead to overestimated efficiency scores, our study introduces a cross-efficiency analysis framework integrating both self and peer-evaluation perspectives. This innovative approach, applied to a representative sample of Chilean water utilities, uniquely considers unplanned water supply interruptions and sewerage blockages as undesirable outputs, emphasizing service continuity. Average techno-economic efficiency scores based on self-evaluation, and peer-evaluation were 0.681 and 0.388, respectively. Hence, significant techno-economic efficiency overestimations in self-evaluation scores are evident, with implications for regulatory challenges and potential service quality compromises. The data also highlights a considerable opportunity for improvement in water and sanitation continuity in Chilean water utilities. The findings not only shine a spotlight on the inherent biases of prevalent benchmarking techniques but also highlight a substantial avenue for bolstering water and sanitation service continuity within water utilities.
Übergänge zwischen Schule und Erwerbsarbeit
Authors: Schröder Christian 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Übergang von Jugendlichen in die Erwerbsarbeit kann sowohl als gesellschaftliche wie auch als individuelle Herausforderung betrachtet werden. Auf gesellschaftlicher Ebene besteht die Herausforderung darin, angesichts des demografischen Wandels den zunehmenden Mangel an qualifizierten Fachkräften zu bewältigen. Auf individueller Ebene geht es darum, schwierige Entscheidungen in der Bildungs- und Berufsbiografie zu treffen. Dieser Beitrag in der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie untersucht die Vielschichtigkeit dieses Themas. Einerseits wird die Notwendigkeit beleuchtet, den Anforderungen des Arbeitsmarktes an qualifizierten Jugendlichen gerecht zu werden. Andererseits wird betont, wie wichtig es ist, den Jugendlichen die Freiräume zu ermöglichen, ihre eigenen (beruflichen) Wege zu wählen. In den Schlussfolgerungen des Beitrags werden Bezüge zum Psychodrama aufgezeigt.
Solar–water nexus: on local implications of the procurement and deployment of the first floating solar photovoltaics project in Indonesia
Authors: Rudolph David , Maulidia Martha , Busyrah Hamidah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The possibility of deploying floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) systems on water bodies is increasingly promoted as a promising alternative to contested land acquisitions and land use conflicts associated with conventional solar projects, especially in countries of the Global South. In light of this assertion, the paper unpacks emerging issues at the solar–water nexus and explores territorial manifestations of procurement and deployment practices of the first utility-scale floating solar PV project in rural Indonesia, the 145 MW Cirata floating solar power plant. Empirical research draws on two periods of fieldwork conducted before and after construction of the solar farm, including interviews with developers, citizens, regional and local authorities, and fishing organisations and focus group discussions with local communities. We consider local contestations over the deployment of large-scale renewables as embedded in political–economic dynamics of the energy transition, which co-shape development and procurement practices and give rise to tensions between global development processes and local outcomes for host communities. The paper sheds critical light on how the deployment of the FPV project reconfigures residents’ relationships with the water body through an enclosure of parts of the reservoir, the displacement of water-based livelihoods and struggles for compensation and employment in the involved companies to maintain a living next to the solar farm. We conclude by pointing to tensions impinging on the emerging solar–water nexus in Indonesia and beyond, and juxtaposing our empirical insights with contestations associated with the development of land-based solar projects.
Prediction of imminent osteoporotic fracture risk in Danish postmenopausal women—can the addition of self-reported clinical risk factors improve the prediction of the register-based FREM algorithm?
Authors: Christensen Emilie Rosenfeldt , Leth Kasper Westphal , Petersen Frederik Lykke , Petersen Tanja Gram , Möller Sören , Abrahamsen Bo , Rubin Katrine Hass 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Summary

Obtaining accurate self-reports on clinical risk factors, such as parental hip fracture or alcohol and tobacco use, limits the utility of conventional risk scores for fracture risk. We demonstrate that fracture-risk prediction based on administrative health data alone performs equally to prediction based on self-reported clinical risk factors.

Background
Accurate assessment of fracture risk is crucial. Unlike established risk prediction tools that rely on patient recall, the Fracture Risk Evaluation Model (FREM) utilises register data to estimate the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF). We investigated whether adding self-reported clinical risk factors for osteoporosis to the FREM algorithm improved the prediction of 1-year fracture risk by comparing three approaches: the FREM algorithm (FREMorig), clinical risk factors (CRFonly), and FREM combined with clinical risk factors (FREM-CRF).

Method
Clinical risk factor information was obtained through questionnaires sent to women aged 65–80 years living in the Region of Southern Denmark in 2010, who participated in the Risk-stratified Osteoporosis Strategy Evaluation study. Register data was obtained through national health registers and linked to the survey data. Positive and negative predictive values and concordance statistics were calculated for the performance of each approach using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
Of the 18,605 women included, 280 sustained a MOF within 1 year. All three approaches performed similarly in 1-year fracture risk prediction for low- and high-risk individuals. However, the FREMorig and FREM-CRF approach slightly overestimated fracture risk for medium-risk individuals.

Conclusion
Adding self-reported clinical data to FREM did not increase precision in predicting 1-year MOF risk. The discrimination of FREMorig was similar to that of CRFonly, suggesting it may be possible to estimate fracture risk with the same precision by using register data instead of self-reported risk information. Register-based prediction models may be applicable in individualised risk monitoring or large-scale osteoporosis screening programmes.
Surface Roughness Effect on Turbine Blade Erosion Due to Micro-Sized Particle Impact
Authors: Taherkhani Bahman , Pourkamali Anaraki Ali , Kangarani Farahani Nahid 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The development of erosion-resistant coatings requires the knowledge of their complex failure mechanisms. Here, the damage due to erosion on smooth and rough surfaces is investigated and compared experimentally and numerically. In a low-speed collision, the smooth surface damage is always symmetrical. Still, the rough surface damage is different depending on the shape of the impact location, and there is no symmetry. In a high-speed collision, there is no difference between the rough and smooth surfaces because the particle energy is high enough to destroy the surface roughness. The effect of particle parameters on gas turbine blade erosion is investigated. For this purpose, the damage to the turbine blade is evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The results show that particle size is an effective parameter in gas turbine blade erosion, more than particle velocity (2.37 times) and particle density (3.21 times). Furthermore, the vertical impact on the rough surface is like an oblique impact on the smooth surface regarding the erosion rate. The relationship between particle parameters, including particle size, density, and velocity, with the particle's kinetic energy is analytically expressed.
Effects of Pretreatment Conditions and Branched Alkanes on Mo/MCM-41 Catalysts in Tandem Alkane Cross-metathesis for Non-hydrogen Polyolefin Recycling
Authors: Ryu Seung Ha , Kang Hankyeul , Kang Jong Hun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chemical plastic recycling has emerged as a crucial approach for advancing carbon neutrality by mitigating CO2 emissions linked to further fossil fuel extraction. However, with most hydrogen currently sourced from fossil fuels, there is growing interest in non-hydrogen chemical recycling pathways. This study explores the degradation of heavy hydrocarbons through tandem alkane cross-metathesis (TACM), employing MoOx/MCM-41 as the olefin metathesis catalyst, which demonstrates high reactivity and stability. Despite these advantages, we observed that Mo migration during pretreatment leads to catalytic deactivation in the tandem system, presenting a significant challenge. To counter this, we developed a two-step pretreatment protocol that effectively mitigates Mo migration across different supports, thus enhancing overall catalyst performance. In addition, we discovered that the presence of branched products adversely impacts the TACM system, contrasting with their promotional behavior in traditional olefin metathesis processes. The MoOx/MCM-41 + Pt/Al2O3 catalyst system, operating at 250–300 °C, efficiently reduced the molecular weight of polyethylene, highlighting its potential for non-hydrogen chemical recycling applications.
Symptoms, Imaging Features, Treatment Decisions, and Outcomes of Patients with Top of the Basilar Artery Syndrome: Experiences from a Comprehensive Stroke Center
Authors: Lieschke Franziska , Rauch Maximilian , Roller Bastian , Schaefer Jan Hendrik , Schaller-Paule Martin A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
From visual, ocular, and pupillomotor abnormalities to qualitative and more importantly rapid quantitative disturbances of consciousness, top of the basilar artery syndrome (TOBS) represents a diagnostic challenge in neurocritical care. In this monocentric retrospective cross-sectional study, we will describe this particular patient group in detail and highlight its variability and the associated implications.

Methods
Consecutive patients with radiologically confirmed TOBS presenting to our comprehensive stroke center were analyzed from 2010 to 2022. Baseline parameters at admission, including clinical symptoms, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and imaging parameters (mode and success of recanalization measured by the Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [TICI] score, extent of infarct, and infarct localization), were assessed. Functional dependence at discharge was analyzed with the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Barthel Index.

Results
We assessed 96 eligible patients with a mean age of 70 (SD ± 14) years, 41.67% of whom were female. The median NIHSS score at admission was 19 (interquartile range [IQR] 8–35), and the median GCS score was 7 (IQR 3–15). Dysphagia was identified in 51.72% of patients, with a significant number discharged with nasogastric tubes. Most patients received both intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) (47%), whereas 32% received MT only, and 10% received no acute recanalizing therapy. Patients receiving both IVT and MT had higher frequencies of successful vessel revascularization (higher TICI scores) and better clinical outcomes compared to those receiving only MT (median mRS score 4 [IQR 2–5] vs. 5 [IQR 2–6], p = 0.046). Multivariable regression analysis confirmed that successful recanalization (TICI) and GCS score at admission were key predictors of functional outcomes.

Conclusions
A large proportion of patients presenting with TOBS were severely affected by a significant reduction in vigilance, a condition that persists in the absence of recanalization and is then associated with a relevant dependency.
SEOM-GEIS Spanish clinical guidelines for the management of soft‑tissue sarcomas (2024)
Authors: Serrano César , Arregui Marta , Carrasco Irene , Hindi Nadia , Martínez-Trufero Javier , Martínez-García Jerónimo , Molina Áurea , Paisán Ana , Sánchez Raúl , Sala María Ángeles 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Soft-tissue sarcomas are rare, diverse malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, requiring diagnosis and treatment by a specialized multidisciplinary team. Initial assessment includes radiology and biopsy, followed by wide surgical resection with clear margins for localized cases. Radiotherapy is recommended for large, deep, high-grade tumors or after incomplete resection, while perioperative chemotherapy may be considered for high-risk cases. In oligometastatic disease, combining local and systemic therapies is an option. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment in advanced disease, though other drugs show efficacy in certain subtypes. Given the limited options, enrolling in clinical trials is advised for patients needing further treatment.
Teachers’ working conditions, wellbeing and retention: an exploratory analysis to identify the key factors associated with teachers’ intention to leave
Authors: Arnold Ben , Rahimi Mark 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article investigates the key factors associated with Australian teachers' intentions to leave their roles by examining their working conditions, experiences of work and mental health through the concept of the psychosocial work environment. Utilising a dataset of 744 primary and secondary teachers in mainstream Australian government schools, we applied confirmatory factor analysis to validate the measurement model of teachers’ working conditions and health and wellbeing. This was followed by stepwise regression on a total of 36 variables related to teachers’ working conditions and health and wellbeing to select 14 key explanatory variables for our linear regression model. We employed mixed-effects and linear regression analyses to examine the association between 14 key variables and teachers’ intentions to leave. Our analysis indicated that several factors were negatively associated with teachers’ intentions to leave their roles, including commitment to the school, job satisfaction and meaning of work. In contrast, a greater number of factors were positively associated with intentions to leave, including emotional demands, conflict between work and family life, exposure to work-related violence, workload, stress and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the analysis identified career stage as a significant factor associated with intention to leave, with mid-career teachers and late-mid-career/advanced-career teachers in the sample being more likely to express intentions to leave than their early career counterparts. By drawing on the concept of the psychosocial work environment and considering working conditions, experiences of work and mental health, this study identifies key factors that are worthy of further research attention, provides a broad, exploratory conceptual approach to understand how these variables are interconnected and underscores the necessity of holistic integrated approaches to promoting teacher retention.
Optimization of high surface area activated carbon production from miswak (Salvadora Persica) with ZnCl2 using Taguchi method and its application in methylene blue removal
Authors: Aral Serdar , Kaya Gamze Güven , Beşe Ayşe Vildan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the first part of this two-stage study, the optimum conditions for one-step AC production from miswak with zinc chloride were examined using the Taguchi optimization method. Impregnation time (1–3 h), impregnation ratio (1:1–3:1), activation temperature (350–650 °C), and activation time (1–2 h) were selected as experimental parameters, and each parameter was examined at three levels. The AC produced under optimum conditions (impregnation time: 3 h, impregnation ratio: 3/1, activation temperature: 650 °C, and activation time 1 h) has a high surface area of 1702 m2/g. The characterization of AC produced under optimum conditions has been elucidated by advanced analytical methods such as SEM, FTIR, BET, and pHpzc. In the second part, the methylene blue removal performance of OAC was investigated with a series of batch adsorption experiments. The effects of pH (2–10), initial dye concentration (500–1500 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.5–3.5 g/L), and temperature (25–55 °C) on the methylene blue removal efficiency were examined. The adsorption data were applied to isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) and kinetics models (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intra-particle diffusion). The isotherm and kinetics models that best represented the adsorption of methylene blue by OAC were the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively.
Dynamic response and wear analysis of a swing nose crossing in heavy haul railways
Authors: Zhang Enhui , Pun Chung Lun , Hiew Alvin , Yan Wenyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Swing nose crossings (SNXs) have been widely used in heavy haul railways to create a smoother load transfer and hence reduced impact load. However, the current design of SNXs hasn’t been fully examined under heavy haul operating conditions. Additionally, maintenance guidelines for SNX wear-related issues in Australian heavy haul railways are relatively lacking. As such, this study aims to investigate the dynamic response of the wheel–rail contact and analyse the wear performance of an SNX currently used in Australian heavy haul railways. Dynamic implicit–explicit finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the wheel–rail contact along the SNX. The distribution of the wear intensity over the SNX was identified by using a local contact-based wear model. The influence of various scenarios on wear was also explored. The results verify the improved dynamic performance of the SNX, as the increased contact force after load transfer remains below 1.2 times the static load. The findings also indicate that the decrease in relative height and increase in nose rail inclination result in greater wear on the nose rail. Notably, the SNX considered in the current study exhibits better wear performance when used with moderately worn wheels.
Remarks on potential mean field games
Authors: Graber P. Jameson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this expository article, we give an overview of the concept of potential mean field games of first order. We give a new proof that minimizers of the potential are equilibria by using a Lagrangian formulation. We also provide criteria to determine whether or not a game has a potential. Finally, we discuss in some depth the selection problem in mean field games, which consists in choosing one out of multiple Nash equilibria.