bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a workplace intervention for sick-listed employees with stress-related mental disorders: Intervention Mapping as a useful tool
Authors: van Oostrom Sandra H , Anema Johannes R , Terluin Berend , Venema Anita , de Vet Henrica CW , van Mechelen Willem 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Background
To date, mental health problems and mental workload have been increasingly related to long-term sick leave and disability. However, there is, as yet, no structured protocol available for the identification and application of an intervention for stress-related mental health problems at the workplace. This paper describes the structured development, implementation and planning for the evaluation of a return-to-work intervention for sick-listed employees with stress-related mental disorders (SMDs). The intervention is based on an existing successful return-to-work intervention for sick-listed employees with low back pain.

Methods
The principles of Intervention Mapping were applied to combine theory and evidence in the development, implementation and planning for the evaluation of a participatory workplace intervention, aimed at an early return-to-work for sick-listed employees with SMDs. All stakeholders were involved in focus group interviews: i.e. employees recently sick-listed with SMDs, supervisors and occupational health professionals.

Results
The development of the participatory workplace intervention according to the Intervention Mapping principles resulted in a structured return-to-work intervention, specifically tailored to the needs of sick-listed employees with SMDs. Return-to-work was proposed as a behavioural change, and the Attitude – Social influence – self-Efficacy model was identified as a theoretical framework. Stakeholder involvement in focus group interviews served to enhance the implementation. The cost-effectiveness of the intervention will be evaluated in a randomised controlled trial.

Conclusion
Intervention Mapping was found to be a promising method to develop interventions tailored to a specific target group in the field of occupational health.

Trial registration
ISRCTN92307123
Comparison of disc diffusion, Etest and broth microdilution for testing susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa to polymyxins
Authors: van der Heijden Inneke M , Levin Anna S , De Pedri Ewerton H , Fung Liang , Rossi Flavia , Duboc Gisele , Barone Antonio A , Costa Silvia F 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

Background
Considering the increasing use of polymyxins to treat infections due to multidrug resistant Gram-negative in many countries, it is important to evaluate different susceptibility testing methods to this class of antibiotic.

Methods
Susceptibility of 109 carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa to polymyxins was tested comparing broth microdilution (reference method), disc diffusion, and Etest using the new interpretative breakpoints of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.

Results
Twenty-nine percent of isolates belonged to endemic clone and thus, these strains were excluded of analysis. Among 78 strains evaluated, only one isolate was resistant to polymyxin B by the reference method (MIC: 8.0 μg/mL). Very major and major error rates of 1.2% and 11.5% were detected comparing polymyxin B disc diffusion with the broth microdilution (reference method). Agreement within 1 twofold dilution between Etest and the broth microdilution were 33% for polymyxin B and 79.5% for colistin. One major error and 48.7% minor errors were found comparing polymyxin B Etest with broth microdilution and only 6.4% minor errors with colistin. The concordance between Etest and the broth microdilution (reference method) was respectively 100% for colistin and 90% for polymyxin B.

Conclusion
Resistance to polymyxins seems to be rare among hospital carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates over a six-year period. Our results showed, using the new CLSI criteria, that the disc diffusion susceptibility does not report major errors (false-resistant results) for colistin. On the other hand, showed a high frequency of minor errors and 1 very major error for polymyxin B. Etest presented better results for colistin than polymyxin B. Until these results are reproduced with a large number of polymyxins-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, susceptibility to polymyxins should be confirmed by a reference method.
Taurine chloramine differentially inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 13 synthesis in interleukin-1β stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Authors: Kim Kyoung Soo , Park Eun Kyung , Ju Seung Min , Jung Hye-Sook , Bang Jun Soo , Kim Chaekyun , Lee Yeon-Ah , Hong Seung-Jae , Lee Sang-Hoon , Yang Hyung-In , Yoo Myung Chul 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIt has been suggested that taurine chloramine (TauCl) plays an important role in the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators. However, little is known about its effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, we investigated the effects of TauCl on synovial expression of MMPs. The effects of TauCl on MMP expression in IL-1β stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were studied using the following techniques. Real-time PCR and semi-quantitative PCR were employed to analyze the mRNA expression of MMPs. ELISA was used to determine protein levels of MMPs. Western blot analyses were performed to analyze the mitogen-activated protein kinase and inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (IκB) kinase signalling pathways. Finally, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunohistochemistry were used to assess localization of transcription factors. IL-1β increased the transcriptional and translational levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in rheumatoid arthritis FLSs, whereas the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were unaffected. TauCl at a concentration of 400 to 600 μmol/l greatly inhibited the transcriptional and translational expression of MMP-13, but the expression of MMP-1 was significantly inhibited at 800 μmol/l. At a concentration of 600 μmol/l, TauCl did not significantly inhibit phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase or IκB degradation in IL-1β stimulated rheumatoid arthritis FLSs. The degradation of IκB was significantly inhibited at a TauCl concentration of 800 μmol/l. The inhibitory effect of TauCl on IκB degradation was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunochemical staining for localization of nuclear factor-κB. TauCl differentially inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-13, and inhibits expression of MMP-1 primarily through the inhibition of IκB degradation, whereas it inhibits expression of MMP-13 through signalling pathways other than the IκB pathway.
Prostaglandin E2 is a key factor for monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation: enhanced T cell stimulatory capacity despite IDO
Authors: Krause Petra , Singer Eva , Darley Paula I , Klebensberger Janosch , Groettrup Marcus , Legler Daniel F 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe exclusive ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to stimulate primary and secondary immune responses favors the use of antigen-loaded human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) in vaccinations against tumors. Previous studies demonstrated that PGE2 is fundamental during MoDC maturation to facilitate migration toward lymph node-derived chemokines. A recent study challenged the use of PGE2, as PGE2 induced IDO in mature MoDCs. In MoDCs compatible for clinical use, we now demonstrate that PGE2 is responsible for IDO induction if matured by soluble CD40 ligand, LPS, or cytokines. In contrast, IDO expression in MoDCs matured by TLR3 triggering occurs independently of PGE2. It is surprising that despite active IDO protein, MoDCs matured with PGE2 display a greater potential to stimulate naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation, which is not increased further by IDO inhibition. Moreover, we found elevated levels of tryptophanyl-tRNA-synthetase (TTS) in T cells cultured with PGE2-matured MoDCs. Our data demonstrate that PGE2 induces IDO in MoDCs but that T cell-stimulating capacities of PGE2-matured MoDCs overcome IDO activity, probably through TTS induction. As PGE2 is critical for DC migration and enhances the capability of MoDCs to induce T cell proliferation, we highly recommend supplementing DC maturation stimuli with PGE2 for use in clinical trials.
The Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor Vildagliptin Does Not Accentuate Glibenclamide-Induced Hypoglycemia but Reduces Glucose-Induced Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Secretion
Authors: El-Ouaghlidi Andrea , Rehring Erika , Holst Jens J. , Schweizer Anja , Foley James , Holmes David , Nauck Michael A. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Background/Aims: Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 by vildagliptin enhances the concentrations of the active form of the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). The present study asked whether vildagliptin accentuates glibenclamide-induced hypoglycemia or affects endogenous secretion of GLP-1 and GIP after an oral glucose tolerance test.
Methods: There were 16 healthy male subjects studied on four occasions after an overnight fast in a double-blind, four-way crossover study. In random order, vildagliptin (100 mg) or placebo, with and without glibenclamide (5 mg), was administered 30 min before 75 g oral glucose. Blood was sampled to measure glucose, and total (sum of active and inactive) GLP-1 and GIP. Statistical evaluation was done using repeated-measures ANOVA.
Results: Glibenclamide provoked hypoglycemia (≤1.9 mm), but this was not accentuated by the simultaneous administration of vildagliptin (P = 0.25). The integrated incremental responses of total GLP-1 were reduced by vildagliptin by 72% (with glibenclamide) and 48% (without glibenclamide) (effect of vildagliptin: P &lt; 0.0001; glibenclamide: P = 0.31; interaction: P = 0.26). Similarly, integrated incremental responses of total GIP were reduced by vildagliptin by 26 and 21%, with and without glibenclamide, respectively (vildagliptin: P = 0.017; glibenclamide: P = 0.44; interaction: P = 0.69).
Conclusions: Sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia after the oral administration of glibenclamide is not accentuated by the coadministration of vildagliptin. This may be explained by a negative feedback regulation of GLP-1 and GIP secretion that limits the degree to which the active incretin levels are enhanced.
Exercise Alone Reduces Insulin Resistance in Obese Children Independently of Changes in Body Composition
Authors: Bell Lana M. , Watts Katie , Siafarikas Aris , Thompson Alisha , Ratnam Nirubasini , Bulsara Max , Finn Judith , O’Driscoll Gerry , Green Daniel J. , Jones Timothy W. , Davis Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Context: The number of obese children with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes is increasing, but the best management strategy is not clear.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a structured 8-wk exercise training program on insulin resistance and changes in body composition in obese children.
Design: The study was 8 wk of structured supervised exercise intervention with outcome measures before and after the exercise period.
Subjects: Fourteen obese children (12.70 ± 2.32 yr; eight male, six female) with high fasting insulin levels were enrolled into the study.
Intervention: Intervention consisted of 8 wk of supervised circuit-based exercise training, composed of three fully supervised 1-h sessions per week.
Outcome Measures: Outcome measures were assessed pretraining program and posttraining program and included insulin sensitivity (euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp studies), fasting insulin and glucose levels, body composition using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, lipid profile, and liver function tests.
Results: Insulin sensitivity improved significantly after 8 wk of training (Mlbm 8.20 ± 3.44 to 10.03 ± 4.33 mg/kg·min, P &lt; 0.05). Submaximal exercise heart rate responses were significantly lower following the training (P &lt; 0.05), indicating an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans revealed no differences in lean body mass or abdominal fat mass.
Conclusion: An 8-wk exercise training program increases insulin sensitivity in obese children, and this improvement occurred in the presence of increased cardiorespiratory fitness but is independent of measurable changes in body composition.
Asthma: Anti-Immunoglobulin E Therapy with Omalizumab for Asthma
Authors: Hendeles Leslie , Sorkness Christine A 
Published: August 2007

Objective: To evaluate data on anti-immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE) therapy for asthma. Data Sources: Information was selected from PubMed from 1989 to May 2007 using the search term omalizumab and included randomized, controlled trials. These studies evaluated asthma treatment with omalizumab and focused on its efficacy, tolerability, and cost-effectiveness in this population. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All randomized clinical trials were reviewed (23 were identified and 19 were included; 3 were not relevant and 1 contained duplicative data). Other articles using the search words anti-IgE therapy and cost-effectiveness were evaluated; relevant information was extracted. Data Synthesis: IgE-dependent mechanisms play an important role in the development and maintenance of airway inflammation in asthma. Omalizumab is a subcutaneously administered monoclonal anti-IgE antibody that reduces unbound IgE concentrations and promotes down-regulation of IgE receptors. Results from clinical trials in adults, adolescents, and children with poorly controlled IgE-mediated asthma have shown that omalizumab improves symptom control and allows patients to be managed with lower doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It has been well tolerated in clinical trials lasting as long as 52 weeks, but injection-site reactions are common (45% in omalizumab group vs 43% in placebo group) and anaphylaxis has occurred in 0.2% of patients. A consensus expert panel has recommended that omalizumab should be considered for patients 12 years of age or older with allergic asthma who are inadequately controlled on guideline-based therapy and require maintenance therapy with systemic corticosteroids or high-dose ICSs, or who have poor adherence to ICS therapy. Conclusions: Anti-IgE therapy provides an effective and generally safe approach to the treatment of patients with IgE-mediated asthma who are not adequately controlled by conventional guideline-based medications. However, the potential benefit must be weighed against the cost and inconvenience of this new therapy.
Relationship Between White Matter Apparent Diffusion Coefficients in Preterm Infants at Term-Equivalent Age and Developmental Outcome at 2 Years
Authors: Krishnan Michelle L. , Dyet Leigh E. , Boardman James P. , Kapellou Olga , Allsop Joanna M. , Cowan Frances , Edwards A. David , Rutherford Mary A. , Counsell Serena J. 
Published: August 2007

OBJECTIVE. The aim of this study was to develop a simple reproducible method for the measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient values in the white matter of preterm infants using diffusion-weighted imaging to test the hypothesis that elevated mean apparent diffusion coefficient values are associated with lower developmental quotient scores at 2 years’ corrected age.
METHODS. We obtained diffusion-weighted imaging in 38 preterm infants at term-equivalent age who had no evidence of overt cerebral pathology on conventional MRI. Mean apparent diffusion coefficient values at the level of the centrum semiovale were determined. The children were assessed using a standardized neurologic examination, and the Griffiths Mental Development Scales were administered to obtain a developmental quotient at 2 years’ corrected age. The relationship between mean apparent diffusion coefficient values and developmental quotient was examined. Clinical data relating to postnatal sepsis, antenatal steroid exposure, supplemental oxygen, gender, patent ductus arteriosus, and inotrope requirement were collected, and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient values for each group were compared.
RESULTS. The mean (±SD) apparent diffusion coefficient value in the white matter was 1.385 ± 0.07 × 10−3 mm2/second, and the mean developmental quotient was 108.9 ± 11.5. None of the children had a significant neurologic problem. There was a significant negative correlation between mean apparent diffusion coefficient and developmental quotient.
CONCLUSION. These findings suggest that higher white matter apparent diffusion coefficient values at term-equivalent age in preterm infants without overt lesions are associated with poorer developmental performance in later childhood. Consequently, apparent diffusion coefficient values at term may be of prognostic value for neurodevelopmental outcome in infants who are born preterm and who have no other imaging indicators of abnormality.
Immunotherapy of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With Antithymocyte Globulins: A Single-Center Retrospective Report of 38 Patients
Authors: Mahlaoui Nizar , Ouachée-Chardin Marie , de Saint Basile Geneviève , Neven Bénédicte , Picard Capucine , Blanche Stéphane , Fischer Alain 
Published: August 2007

OBJECTIVES. Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a genetically determined condition that is characterized by unremitting CD8 T lymphocyte and macrophage activation and leads to death in the absence of therapy. On the basis of the immunologic pathophysiology of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, we propose a therapy with a combination of antithymocyte globulins with corticosteroids, cyclosporin A, and intrathecal injections of methotrexate.
METHODS. We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of antithymocyte globulin–based therapy that was performed in 38 consecutive patients who had familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and were treated in a single center between 1991 and 2005. Overall, they received 45 courses of antithymocyte globulin (5–10 mg/kg per day for 5 days).
RESULTS. This regimen was associated with infections after 10 of 45 courses of antithymocyte globulin. There were 6 events after 11 antithymocyte globulin courses given as second-line therapy against 4 after 34 antithymocyte globulin courses in patients who were treated primarily with antithymocyte globulin. Antithymocyte globulin administration led to rapid and complete response of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in 73% of cases, partial response in 24%, and no response only once. When hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed early after complete or partial response induction, it led to a high rate of cure, in 16 of 19 cases. Overall survival was 21 of 38 with 4 toxic deaths.
CONCLUSION. Antithymocyte globulin based immunotherapy of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is efficient and carries an acceptable toxicity when used as a first treatment of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Astaxanthin-Supplemented Diets Do Not Improve Adult Survival of Coho Salmon
Authors: Tipping Jack M 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Astaxanthin, a natural carotenoid pigment from primary producers in the salmonid food chain, may be an important contributor to the natural salmonid coloration that enhances predation avoidance. In an attempt to improve survival to maturity in hatchery-reared coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, I administered an astaxanthin-supplemented diet to three replicate groups of fish (1 group/year) for 3–4 months before release. Control fish were fed the same diet but without astaxanthin. Both groups of fish were coded-wire-tagged before release. Differences in external hue coloration of treated and control fish were noted at release. Although mean adult survival of astaxanthin-fed fish was 14% lower than control fish survival, the difference was not significant. Supplementation of feed with astaxanthin did not yield a survival benefit for coho salmon.
Electrofishing Effort Required to Estimate Biotic Condition in Southern Idaho Rivers
Authors: Maret Terry R. , Ott Douglas S. , Herlihy Alan T. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
An important issue surrounding biomonitoring in large rivers is the minimum sampling effort required to collect an adequate number of fish for accurate and precise determinations of biotic condition. During the summer of 2002, we sampled 15 randomly selected large-river sites in southern Idaho to evaluate the effects of sampling effort on an index of biotic integrity (IBI). Boat electrofishing was used to collect sample populations of fish in river reaches representing 40 and 100 times the mean channel width (MCW; wetted channel) at base flow. Minimum sampling effort was assessed by comparing the relation between reach length sampled and change in IBI score. Thirty-two species of fish in the families Catostomidae, Centrarchidae, Cottidae, Cyprinidae, Ictaluridae, Percidae, and Salmonidae were collected. Of these, 12 alien species were collected at 80% (12 of 15) of the sample sites; alien species represented about 38% of all species (N = 32) collected during the study. A total of 60% (9 of 15) of the sample sites had poor IBI scores. A minimum reach length of about 36 times MCW was determined to be sufficient for collecting an adequate number of fish for estimating biotic condition based on an IBI score. For most sites, this equates to collecting 275 fish at a site. Results may be applicable to other semiarid, fifth-order through seventh-order rivers sampled during summer low-flow conditions.
Noninvasive Tracking of Cardiac Embryonic Stem Cells In Vivo Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques
Authors: Ebert Steven N. , Taylor David G. , Nguyen Ha-Long , Kodack David P. , Beyers Ronald J. , Xu Yaqin , Yang Zequan , French Brent A. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Despite rapid advances in the stem cell field, the ability to identify and track transplanted or migrating stem cells in vivo is limited. To overcome this limitation, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect and follow transplanted stem cells over a period of 28 days in mice using an established myocardial infarction model. Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells were expanded and induced to differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes in vitro. The cardiac-differentiated mES cells were then loaded with superparamagnetic fluorescent microspheres (1.63 μm in diameter) and transplanted into ischemic myocardium immediately following ligation and subsequent reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. To identify the transplanted stem cells in vivo, MRI was performed using a Varian Inova 4.7 Tesla scanner. Our results show that (a) the cardiac-differentiated mES were effectively loaded with superparamagnetic microspheres in vitro, (b) the microsphere-loaded mES cells continued to beat in culture prior to transplantation, (c) the transplanted mES cells were readily detected in the heart in vivo using noninvasive MRI techniques, (d) the transplanted stem cells were detected in ischemic myocardium for the entire 28-day duration of the study as confirmed by MRI and post-mortem histological analyses, and (e) concurrent functional MRI indicated typical loss of cardiac function, although significant amelioration of remodeling was noted after 28 days in hearts that received transplanted stem cells. These results demonstrate that it is feasible to simultaneously track transplanted stem cells and monitor cardiac function in vivo over an extended period using noninvasive MRI techniques.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.