bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Still a gender-biased language?
Authors: Cheshire Jenny 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTStarts with excerpt from Jenny Cheshire, A question of masculine bias? (ET1, 1985). The author says; My 1985 article ended on an upbeat note, confidently predicting that as more people take care to remove masculine bias from their own English, so the language will gradually stop distorting our perceptions of women. The twenty-two years that have passed represent pretty much a generation of speakers, making this a good time to consider whether or not my confidence was misplaced. How successful have language reforms been?
English circling the globe
Authors: Mesthrie Rajend 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTStarts with an excerpt from Braj B. Kachru, The sacred cows of English (ET16, 1988). The ‘Sacred Cows’ article has been a seminal piece for many reasons. It introduced the world to Braj's famous ‘Three Circles of English’ model. At roughly the same time, in the late 1980s, three pioneers in the field which was then known as ‘English as a World Language’ or ‘New Englishes’ came up independently with the idea of representing the spread of English in terms of concentric circles. Tom McArthur's ‘wheel model’ appeared in ET July 1987. Manfred Görlach, then editor of the journal English World Wide came up with a similar model, with some minor changes in a conference paper of 1988. It was only fitting that the co-editor of the third journal in the field, World Englishes, should have his own say. And it is in fact Braj's model that has come be the most widely accepted as the model with the best ‘fit’ for English as she has been spreading.
Assessing the Nigerianness of SMS text-messages in English
Authors: Chiluwa Innocent 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTTo what extent does the distinctiveness of Nigerian English come through in text messages? In the history of the English language certain developments have left significant linguistic marks on the language. As new developments and cultural forms occur, new words and styles of expression evolve with them and spread. This is true of the new linguistic style that is associated with the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) revolution in Nigeria since 2001. GSM has brought with it a variety of English that is situationally distinctive and context. GSM came to Nigeria with the licensing of MTN and Econet (now Celtel) in 2001 during the Obasanjo administration, after many years of decaying telecommunication infrastructure. Within a short time after the introduction of mobile telecommunication, almost a million subscribers mainly in the cities made a rush at possessing mobile phones and were willing to pay any tariff. N50 (50 naira) were paid per minute per call as against N15 per text message. This was said to be the highest rate in Africa, causing many subscribers to opt for text-messaging as a cheaper alternative.
Tiger Woods as a linguistic role model?
Authors: Poole Brian 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTInternational sports stars are often required to speak to the media after their performances. When Tiger Woods does so, it is noticeable that he makes use of the formulaic expression ‘I feel/felt like I’ as a means of introducing descriptions of, or generalizations about, his actions or motivations. Drawing on corpus data, this paper offers some observations about this expression in relation to its use by speakers (and to a lesser extent writers) of both American and British English, and also investigates the apparent disparity in frequency between instances of ‘she’ and ‘he’ when it is used.
CELEBRATING PLACE THROUGH LUXURY CRAFT PRODUCTION
Authors: Luke Christina , Tykot Robert H. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper explores the production of Late to Terminal Classic Ulua marble vases (ca. 600/650–800/850a.d.), the hallmark luxury good from the lower Ulua Valley of northwestern Honduras. Unlike other areas of the greater Maya world, no one center appears to have held political sway in the valley. Yet marble-vase production at Travesia indicates that, through the patronization of this specific artifact, the site was able to celebrate its identity at home as well as abroad. Here the long-term production of the vases is investigated through a detailed analysis of stylistic groups and corresponding stable-isotope signatures from vases and potential procurement zones. The stylistic data suggest centralized production, which is confirmed through chemical signatures of vases and one specific procurement site. We argue that longstanding traditions of carving vases from marble in the Ulua Valley guided Travesian artisans in their procurement choices. The stylistic and chemical data augment settlement and ceramic data to situate vase production in its local social and political environment. In this case, luxury production corresponds not to a rise in central political authority but, rather, to a centrally located social center. The prestige granted to these luxury vases, then, stems from local histories of social and political networks that linked, rather than fragmented, communities. The results indicate that studies of material-cultural remains should consider the relationships between distinctive local social relations and the organization of craft production as integrative, not separate, processes.
Internet food marketing on popular children’s websites and food product websites in Australia
Authors: Kelly Bridget , Bochynska Katarzyna , Kornman Kelly , Chapman Kathy 
Published: February 2008

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to describe the nature and extent of food marketing on popular children’s websites and food product websites in Australia.MethodsFood product websites (n119) and popular children’s websites (n196) were selected based on website traffic data and previous research on frequently marketed food brands. Coding instruments were developed to capture food marketing techniques. All references to food on popular children’s websites were also classified as either branded or non-branded and according to food categories.ResultsWebsites contained a range of marketing features. On food product websites these marketing features included branded education (79·0 % of websites), competitions (33·6 %), promotional characters (35·3 %), downloadable items (35·3 %), branded games (28·6 %) and designated children’s sections (21·8 %). Food references on popular children’s websites were strongly skewed towards unhealthy foods (60·8 %v. 39·2 % healthy food references;P< 0·001), with three times more branded food references for unhealthy foods. Branded food references displayed similar marketing features to those identified on food product websites.ConclusionsInternet food marketing uses a range of techniques to ensure that children are immersed in brand-related information and activities for extended periods, thereby increasing brand familiarity and exposure. The relatively unregulated marketing environment and increasing use of the Internet by children point to the potential increase in food marketing via this medium. Further research is required to investigate the impact of Internet food marketing on children’s food preferences and consumption, and regulatory options to protect children.
Statistical inference of transcriptional module-based gene networks from time course gene expression profiles by using state space models
Authors: Hirose Osamu , Yoshida Ryo , Imoto Seiya , Yamaguchi Rui , Higuchi Tomoyuki , Charnock-Jones D. Stephen , Print Cristin , Miyano Satoru 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Motivation: Statistical inference of gene networks by using time-course microarray gene expression profiles is an essential step towards understanding the temporal structure of gene regulatory mechanisms. Unfortunately, most of the current studies have been limited to analysing a small number of genes because the length of time-course gene expression profiles is fairly short. One promising approach to overcome such a limitation is to infer gene networks by exploring the potential transcriptional modules which are sets of genes sharing a common function or involved in the same pathway.
Results: In this article, we present a novel approach based on the state space model to identify the transcriptional modules and module-based gene networks simultaneously. The state space model has the potential to infer large-scale gene networks, e.g. of order 103, from time-course gene expression profiles. Particularly, we succeeded in the identification of a cell cycle system by using the gene expression profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which the length of the time-course and number of genes were 24 and 4382, respectively. However, when analysing shorter time-course data, e.g. of length 10 or less, the parameter estimations of the state space model often fail due to overfitting. To extend the applicability of the state space model, we provide an approach to use the technical replicates of gene expression profiles, which are often measured in duplicate or triplicate. The use of technical replicates is important for achieving highly-efficient inferences of gene networks with short time-course data. The potential of the proposed method has been demonstrated through the time-course analysis of the gene expression profiles of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) undergoing growth factor deprivation-induced apoptosis.
Availability: Supplementary Information and the software (TRANS-MNET) are available at http://daweb.ism.ac.jp/~yoshidar/software/ssm/
Contact: yoshidar@ism.ac.jp
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
PCCA: a program for phylogenetic canonical correlation analysis
Authors: Revell Liam J. , Harrison Alexis S. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSummary: PCCA (phylogenetic canonical correlation analysis) is a new program for canonical correlation analysis of multivariate, continuously valued data from biological species. Canonical correlation analysis is a technique in which derived variables are obtained from two sets of original variables whereby the correlations between corresponding derived variables are maximized. It is a very useful multivariate statistical method for the calculation and analysis of correlations between character sets. The program controls for species non-independence due to phylogenetic history and computes canonical coefficients, correlations and scores; and conducts hypothesis tests on the canonical correlations. It can also compute a multivariate version of Pagel's λ, which can then be used in the phylogenetic transformation.Availability: PCCA is distributed as DOS/Windows, Mac OS X and Linux/Unix executables with a detailed program manual and is freely available on the World Wide Web at:http://anolis.oeb.harvard.edu/~liam/programs/.Contact: lrevell@fas.harvard.edu
MMG: a probabilistic tool to identify submodules of metabolic pathways
Authors: Sanguinetti Guido , Noirel Josselin , Wright Phillip C. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMotivation: A fundamental task in systems biology is the identification of groups of genes that are involved in the cellular response to particular signals. At its simplest level, this often reduces to identifying biological quantities (mRNA abundance, enzyme concentrations, etc.) which are differentially expressed in two different conditions. Popular approaches involve using t-test statistics, based on modelling the data as arising from a mixture distribution. A common assumption of these approaches is that the data are independent and identically distributed; however, biological quantities are usually related through a complex (weighted) network of interactions, and often the more pertinent question is which subnetworks are differentially expressed, rather than which genes. Furthermore, in many interesting cases (such as high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics), only very partial observations are available, resulting in the need for efficient imputation techniques.Results: We introduce Mixture Model on Graphs (MMG), a novel probabilistic model to identify differentially expressed submodules of biological networks and pathways. The method can easily incorporate information about weights in the network, is robust against missing data and can be easily generalized to directed networks. We propose an efficient sampling strategy to infer posterior probabilities of differential expression, as well as posterior probabilities over the model parameters. We assess our method on artificial data demonstrating significant improvements over standard mixture model clustering. Analysis of our model results on quantitative high-throughput proteomic data leads to the identification of biologically significant subnetworks, as well as the prediction of the expression level of a number of enzymes, some of which are then verified experimentally.Availability: MATLAB code is available from http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/~guido/software.htmlContact: guido@dcs.shef.ac.ukSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
GOTreePlus: an interactive gene ontology browser
Authors: Lee Bongshin , Brown Kristy , Hathout Yetrib , Seo Jinwook 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Summary: We developed an interactive gene ontology (GO) browser named GOTreePlus that superimposes annotation information over GO structures. It can facilitate the identification of important GO terms through interactive visualization of them in the GO structure. The interactive pie chart summarizing an annotation distribution for a selected GO term provides users with a succinct context-sensitive overview of their experimental results. We tested our GOTreePlus using a proteome profiling dataset obtained on differentiation of retinal pigment epithelial cells where 399 proteins were quantified.
Availability: http://bioinformatics.cnmcresearch.org/GOTreePlus/
Contact: jseo@cnmcresearch.org
Potential Risk of Commercial Geranium to Infection by Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis
Authors: Buck J. W. 
Published: February 2008

Outbreaks of rust caused by the fungus Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis on geraniums can result in large losses due to the plants' reduced aesthetic value and eradication efforts. To assess the potential risk of a rust outbreak in geranium production facilities, 77 commercial varieties of geranium were inoculated with a mixture of two isolates of P. pelargonii-zonalis. All but one variety (98.7%) developed at least one sporulating lesion and 72.7% developed rust lesions on more than 20% of the leaves. Six varieties had lesions on fewer than 10% of the leaves and one variety did not develop visible lesions. These data indicate that the potential for geranium rust to spread throughout commercial greenhouses is very high if an accidental introduction should occur. While fungicides are available to manage the disease, including products with curative properties, minimizing risk by using disease-free cuttings, maintaining clean stock plants, and avoiding leaf wetness is essential to limit losses to geranium rust. Accepted for publication 16 July 2007. Published 31 October 2007.
Effects of Insecticides on Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Populations in a Florida Citrus Grove
Authors: Powell Charles A. , Burton Michael S. , Pelosi Robert A. , Ritenour Mark A. , Bullock Robert C. 
Published: February 2008

Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, populations were monitored in a ‘Valencia’ sweet orange on sour orange rootstock plot planted in 1997. The plot was scouted weekly and the number of psyllids, percent trees infested, and the percentage of flush infested per tree were recorded over a 3-year period. The plot was treated with 7 insect control treatments: Admire (imidacloprid) applied at 12-, 6-, 3-, or 2-month intervals; Temik applied annually; Meta-Systox R applied annually; or no insecticide control using a randomized complete block design. Psyllid infestations persisted throughout the year. The lowest populations occurred during the winter (November-January) with peaks in the spring and fall. Annual applications of Temik, Meta-Systox R, or Admire did not reduce psyllid populations. Biannual or more frequent applications of Admire significantly reduced psyllid numbers, percentage of trees with psyllid infestations, and the percentage of flushes infested with psyllids. Accepted for publication 29 August 2007. Published 1 November 2007.
Brown Stripe Downy Mildew (Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae) of Maize
Authors: Putnam Melodie L. 
Published: February 2008

Because of its potential impact on maize, rapid detection and diagnosis of brown stripe downy mildew is essential. The National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN) has established protocols for recognition of Select Agents for participating laboratories. Due to the potential impact of an introduction of brown stripe downy mildew, this information is being widely disseminated so that suspect samples can be quickly and correctly identified. Accepted for publication 10 July 2007. Published 8 November 2007.
First Report of Powdery Mildew of Fringed Willowherb (Epilobium ciliatum) Caused by Podosphaera epilobii in North America
Authors: Koike Steven T. , Glawe Dean A. 
Published: February 2008

Description and first report of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera epilobii on E. ciliatum in North America are presented in this brief. The weed is commonly found in California's Salinas Valley (Monterey Co.). Confirmation of the powdery mildew disease indicates that this weed will not be a source of the powdery mildew diseases that affect nearby vegetable and ornamental crops. Accepted for publication 4 September 2007. Published 12 November 2007.
Resistance to Myclobutanil in Populations of Venturia inaequalis in Winchester, Virginia
Authors: Marine Sasha C. , Schmale David G. , Yoder Keith S. 
Published: February 2008

Sterol-inhibiting (SI) fungicides are widely used to manage apple scab, caused by Venturia inaequalis. However, recent observations indicate that populations of V. inaequalis in orchards in Virginia have developed resistance to myclobutanil and other SI fungicides. Little is known about the frequency and distribution of fungicide resistance in apple scab populations in Virginia. Isolates of V. inaequalis were collected from three different apple orchards in Winchester, VA in 2006. Orchards were treated with myclobutanil on 12 April, 19 April, 1 May, 30 May, and 7 July. The sensitivity of 87 single-spored isolates of V. inaequalis to myclobutanil was determined by monitoring their growth on agar dishes amended with 0, 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 μg/ml myclobutanil. A relative continuum of fungicide resistance was observed: 16 isolates were resistant, 40 isolates were moderately resistant, and 31 isolates were sensitive to myclobutanil. After 28 days, the mean growth of isolates collected from trees treated with myclobutanil was significantly greater than that of isolates collected from non-treated trees at all concentrations of myclobutanil tested in vitro. High levels of fungicide resistance found in populations of V. inaequalis suggest that replacement programs may need to be developed to manage apple scab in Virginia. Accepted for publication 4 September 2007. Published 13 November 2007.
Characterization of a Severe Virus-like Disease in Chardonnay Grapevines in Missouri
Authors: Qiu Wenping , Avery John D. , Lunden Shaista 
Published: February 2008

A severe virus-like disease emerged on Chardonnay vines in a Missouri vineyard that resulted in significant reduction of vine vigor and yield. The pathogens can be transmitted via cutting and grafting. Chardonnay, Cabernet franc and Baco franc vines that were grafted with the buds of the original diseased Chardonnay vines exhibited distinct vein-clearing symptom. The result of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction indicated the association of Grapevine fanleaf virus with this disease. Accepted for publication 26 September 2007. Published 19 November 2007.
First Report of Monarda didyma Infection with Impatiens necrotic spot virus in Washington State
Authors: Naidu Rayapati A. , Alabi Olufemi J. , Karthikeyan Gandhi , Nelson Mark , Morrell Anne 
Published: February 2008

Monarda didyma is an herbaceous perennial widely used as a garden ornamental plant throughout USA. Infection of M. didyma by Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) in commercial greenhouse settings has been reported only in Pennsylvania in 1992. Therefore, this is the first report of INSV infecting a M. didyma in the field. Accepted for publication 25 September 2007. Published 19 November 2007.
Occurrence of Viroids in Commercial Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) Production Areas of Washington State
Authors: Eastwell Kenneth C. , Nelson Mark E. 
Published: February 2008

Viroid status was investigated in commercial hop (Humulus lupulus) plantings in three regions of intensive hop production in Washington State. Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), the causal agent of hop stunt disease, was detected for the first time in hop plants in North America. HSVd was detected in samples from 10 of the 33 hop gardens sampled and in 19 of 126 plant samples. Infection with HSVd was associated with chlorosis and reduced plant vigor. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification, sequence identity, and pathogenicity of hop extracts on cucumber seedlings confirmed the presence of HSVd. Apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd), recently reported in hops in Japan, was not detected by RT-PCR in any samples. Hop latent viroid (HLVd), which is frequently associated with hop germplasm world-wide, was detected with high frequency (98 of 126 hop plants surveyed). Accepted for publication 23 September 2007. Published 27 November 2007.
First Report of Capsicum chlorosis virus in Tomato in India
Authors: Kunkalikar Suresh , Poojari Sudarsana , Rajagopalan Prem , Zehr Usha B. , Naidu Rayapati A. , Kankanallu Ravi S. 
Published: February 2008

CaCV is as an economically important virus infecting tomato and pepper in Australia and Thailand and recently peanut in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CaCV in tomato in India. Both PBNV and CaCV can produce similar symptoms in tomato warranting further studies on crop improvement strategies against these two tospoviruses in vegetable and legume crops in India. This report highlights the need for continuous monitoring on the prevalence of CaCV in India and other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Accepted for publication 10 October 2007. Published 4 December 2007.
First Report of Powdery Mildew of Stachys byzantina (Lamb's Ear) Caused by Neoerysiphe galeopsidis in North America
Authors: Glawe Dean A. , Koike Steven T. 
Published: February 2008

During the summer of 2007 the authors encountered a previously unrecorded powdery mildew disease on several plants of the perennial ornamental plant Stachys byzantina K. Koch ex Scheele (common names: woolly hedgenettle, woolly betony, and lamb's ear) growing in a plant bed near a commercial building in Salinas (Monterey Co.), California. This report documents the occurrence of Neoerysiphe galeopsidis on this host in North America. Accepted for publication 11 October 2007. Published 17 December 2007.
Isolation, Storage, Pathotype Characterization, and Evaluation of Resistance for Phytophthora sojae in Soybean
Authors: Dorrance Anne E. , Berry Sue Ann , Anderson Terry R. , Meharg Chuck 
Published: February 2008

Phytophthora sojae is effectively managed through soybean cultivars with single resistance genes (Rps) and partial resistance inherited quantitatively. There are over 50 described races of Phytophthora sojae, but many more pathotypes have been reported. Many of the isolates recently collected are more complex, causing disease on plants with 3 or more Rps genes. This diagnostic guide provides some standard assays to assist in the identification of virulence types of P. sojae and genetic resistance in soybean. Accepted for publication 4 October 2007. Published 18 January 2008.