bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Bacillus altitudinis 5-DSW with Protease Activity from Deep-Sea Mineral Water and Preparation of Functional Active Peptide Fractions from Chia Seeds
Authors: Jin Hao , Baik Sang-Ho 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, we successfully isolated Bacillus strains with high protease activity from deep-sea mineral water in Korea and used them to obtain functional peptide fractions from chia seeds. The obtained Bacillus strains showed high similarity of 99% with B. altitude with long rod type (named B. altitudinis 5-DSW) and showed high protease activity at 40°C and 70% of the activity was remained even at 70°C. The defatted chia seed protein (15–50 kDa) was treated with crude protease from B. altitudinis 5-DSW and digested into small peptides below 20kDa. The obtained chia seed peptides showed 3 times and 1.5 times higher antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTs radical scavenging assays, respectively. Moreover, chia seed peptides showed enhanced AChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 14.48 ± 0.88µg/mL and BChE inhibition activity with IC50 value of 10.90 ± 0.80µg/ml. Our results indicate that the newly isolated B. altitudinis 5-DSW and chia seed protein hydrolysates have potential applications in biotechnology and functional food development, enhancing the nutritional quality and value-added utilization of chia byproducts.
Verifiable measurement-based quantum random sampling with trapped ions
Authors: Eisert Jens , Ringbauer Martin , Hinsche Marcel , Feldker Thomas , Faehrmann Paul , Bermejo-Vega Juani , Edmunds Claire , Postler Lukas , Stricker Roman , Marciniak Christian , Meth Michael , Pogorelov Ivan , Blatt Rainer , Schindler Philipp , Monz Thomas , Hangleiter Dominik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Quantum computers are now on the brink of outperforming their classical counterparts. One way to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computation is through quantum random sampling performed on quantum computing devices [1–5]. However, existing tools for verifying that a quantum device indeed performed the classically intractable sampling task are either impractical or not scalable to the quantum advantage regime [1, 6, 7]. The verification problem thus remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we experimentally demonstrate efficiently verifiable quantum random sampling in the measurementbased model of quantum computation [8, 9] on a trappedion quantum processor [10, 11]. We create random cluster states, which are at the heart of measurement-based computing, up to a size of 4 x 4 qubits. Moreover, by exploiting the structure of these states, we are able to recycle qubits during the computation to sample from entangled cluster states that are larger than the qubit register. We then efficiently estimate the fidelity to verify the prepared states—in single instances and on average—and compare our results to cross-entropy benchmarking [1, 12]. Finally, we study the effect of experimental noise on the certificates. Our results and techniques provide a feasible path toward a verified demonstration of a quantum advantage.
Binary Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Value Indefinite Observables
Authors: Svozil Karl , Calude Cristian S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
All quantum random number generators based on measuring value indefinite observables are at least three-dimensional because the Kochen-Specker Theorem and the Located Kochen-Specker Theorem are false in dimension two. In this article, we construct quantum random number generators based on measuring a three-dimensional value indefinite observable that generate binary quantum random outputs with the same randomness qualities as the ternary ones: the outputs are maximally unpredictable.
Association between Antibiotic Use and Subsequent Risk of Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Hong Jaeyi , Park Sun Jae , Park Young Jun , Jeong Seogsong , Choi Seulggie , Chang Jooyoung , Kim Hye Jun , Song Jihun , Ko Ahryoung , Kim Su Gyeong , Han Minjung , Cho Yoosun , Kim Ji Soo , Oh Yun Hwan , Son Joung Sik , Park Sang Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Several studies have revealed a possible association between antibiotic use and breast cancer in the Western population of women. However, its association with the Asian population remains unclear.
Methods
Data utilized in this nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study was obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. The study population consisted of 4,097,812 women who were followed up from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2019. Cox proportional hazards regression was utilized in order to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of breast cancer according to cumulative days of antibiotic use and the number of antibiotic classes used, respectively.
Results
It was discovered that participants who used antibiotics for more than 365 days had a higher risk of breast cancer (aHR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.09–1.21) in comparison to those who did not use antibiotics. In addition, a correlation was found among participants who utilized five or more classes of antibiotics in which they developed a higher risk of breast cancer (aHR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.17) than those who were not antibiotic users.
Conclusions
Our research and findings propose that long-term antibiotic use may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer when multiple covariates are taken into account. The findings support the epidemiological evidence that long-term use of antibiotics may be associated with the risk of breast cancer and demonstrate the need for further studies to confirm causation and mechanisms.
Alpha-mannosidosis in a 3.5-year-old girl: A case report
Authors: Fornes Samuel Bonilla , Perez Maria Pilar Mendez , Gutierrez Maria Eugenia Sanchez , Gómez Enrique Galán 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Alpha-mannosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-mannosidase. It manifests as a continuous spectrum of signs and symptoms characterized by dysmorphic features, skeletal abnormalities, delayed psychomotor and speech development, impaired hearing, and psychiatric involvement.
When suspected, alpha-mannosidosis must be confirmed by biochemical and molecular testing, namely, assessment of blood levels of alpha-mannosidase in leukocytes or fibroblasts and Sanger or new-generation sequencing of the MAN2B1 gene. The disease must be diagnosed and treatment started as quickly as possible, since the long-term prognosis for untreated patients is very poor. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT, human recombinant alpha-mannosidase) has replaced allogenic stem cell transplant as the mainstay of therapy, thus improving disease-related outcomes with, for example, reduced serum oligosaccharide levels, greater functional capacity, and improved quality of life, all with a good safety profile.
Case presentation: We report the seventh case of alpha-mannosidosis in Spain. The patient was a 3.5-year-old girl assessed in the clinical genetics department for developmental retardation and marked dysmorphic features (trigonocephaly, exophthalmos, hypertelorism, and a flat nasal bridge). Radiography revealed shortening and thickening of the long bones, as well as metopic and coronal synostosis. Craniosynostosis was treated with surgery. Assessment of alpha-mannosidase revealed complete absence of enzymatic activity. Genetic analysis revealed the homozygous pathogenic variant of MAN2B1, c.2248C>T, which is associated with alpha-mannosidosis.
Conclusions: ERT is the only currently available pharmacological option for treating children with mild-to-moderate alpha-mannosidosis. Without ERT, patients’ quality of life would be impaired, and their prognosis would worsen significantly.
Optimal Variable Acceptance Sampling Plan under Progressive Type-II Censoring for Mixture Distribution: Applications in Breast Cancer Data
Authors: Mathai Ashlyn Maria , Kumar Mahesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mixture distributions are widely utilized in various practical problems such as clinical experiments and electronic component life testing. Despite this, the literature does not extensively cover acceptance sampling plans associated with these distributions. In this paper, variable acceptance sampling plans are designed for an exponential-Rayleigh mixture distribution using partially accelerated life tests (PALT). Under progressive type-II censoring schemes with binomial removals, the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the unknown parameters of the mixture distribution are derived for Arrhenius and linear life-stress relationships. Based on these relationships, optimal variable sampling plans are formulated and plan parameters are determined by solving corresponding optimization problems. The study presents numerical findings, a comparative analysis, and sensitivity assessments. Finally, the practical applicability and relevance of the proposed acceptance sampling plans are demonstrated using real-world datasets of breast cancer patients' records and failure lifetime data from communication transmitter-receivers in a commercial aircraft.
Does a formal referral system work? Case study of a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Kenya: Pre-posttest study
Authors: Omondi Maxwell Philip 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Inappropriate utilization of higher-level health facilities and ineffective management of the referral processes in resource-limited settings is increasingly becoming a concern in health care management in developing countries. This is characterized by self-referrals and frequent bypassing of nearest health facilities coupled with low use of formal referral mechanisms. This scenario lends itself to a situation where uncomplicated medical conditions are unnecessarily managed in a high-cost health facility. This compromises the ability and capacity of Kenyatta National Hospital to function as a referral facility as envisioned by Kenya Health Sector Referral Implementation Guidelines of 2014, Kenya 201 constitution and Kenyatta National Hospital legal statue of 1987. On 1st July 2021, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) did enforce the national referral guidelines that required patients have a formal referral letter to reduce the number of self-referrals, decongest KNH and allow KNH to function as a referral facility as envisioned by Kenya Health Sector Referral Implementation Guidelines of 2014, Kenya 2010 constitution and KNH legal statue of 1987. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of enforcement of national referral guidelines on use of official facility referral letters to KNH.This was a pre-posttest study design. The study was conducted amongst the orthopedic and trauma facility referrals in 2021 with 222 and 246 before and after enforcement of referral guidelines respectively. Data collection was done through data abstraction. Data was analyzed using frequency distribution, pearson chi-square test and logistic regression. The enforcement of the national referral guidelines had no effect on the use of the official written referral letters as per the requirement of the national referral guidelines amongst the orthopedic and trauma admissions at KNH (p = 0.524). Over 80% of facility referrals were young and middle-aged patients before and after enforcement of the referral guidelines with children and elderly representing the minority. Most of the facility referrals had had primary and secondary level of education with admissions. Women, elective patients and those with higher education were more likely to have a written referral letter (p < 0.05). In conclusion, enforcement of the referral guidelines had no effect on use of the official written referral letters to KNH. There is need for capacity building of health care workers on effective referral process by designing and disseminating referral SOPs and standardized documentation for referrals and regular referral review forums to review coordination, encourage accountability and continuous improvement and referral performance monitoring.
The Role of Frontal Pole Cortex and Personalized Feedback in Sustaining Future-Oriented Healthy Dietary Behaviors
Authors: Hosoda Chihiro , Ochiai Ryuji , Hosokawa Kenchi , Nakamura Yuko , Matsuhashi Takuto , Okanoya Kazuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Lifestyle-related diseases present a significant health challenge, highlighting the critical need for promoting healthy behaviors, particularly among young adults. The frontal pole cortex (FPC) is known for its role in supporting persistence towards near-term objectives, yet its relevance in fostering long-term health behavior change remains less understood. This study investigates the association between FPC structural integrity and the adoption of sustained health behaviors targeting distant future goals. We engaged fifty participants in a 27-day study, where they provided daily food diaries and mental health assessments. Depending on their dietary analysis, participants received either personalized feedback (PF) or general nutritional feedback (CF). The PF group demonstrated higher engagement in diary completion and notable improvements in nutritional intake and mental well-being, evidenced by a significant decrease in trait anxiety, compared to the CF group. Interestingly, a significant correlation between FPC structural features (cortical thickness, T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio, and fractional anisotropy (FA)) and diary submission frequency was found exclusively in the CF group. These findings suggest that personalized feedback can effectively enhance dietary habits and mental health by potentially leveraging FPC-related mechanisms that underpin the maintenance of health-related behaviors over the long term.
Machine Learning Derivation of Two Cardiac Arrest Subphenotypes with Distinct Responses to Treatment
Authors: Zhang Weidong , Wu Chenxi , Ni Peifeng , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Hongwei , Zhu Ying , Hu Wei , Diao Mengyuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cardiac arrest (CA), characterized by its heterogeneity, poses challenges in patient management. This study aimed to identify clinical subphenotypes in CA patients to aid in patient classification, prognosis assessment, and treatment decision-making. METHODS: For this study, comprehensive data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) 2.0 database. We excluded patients under 16 years old, those not initially admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), or treated in the ICU for less than 72 hours. A total of 52 clinical parameters relevant to CA patients were selected for analysis. These included demographic data, vital signs, and laboratory parameters. After an extensive literature review and expert consultations, key factors such as temperature (T), sodium (Na), creatinine (CR), glucose (GLU), heart rate (HR), PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F), hemoglobin (HB), mean arterial pressure (MAP), platelets (PLT), and white blood cell count (WBC) were identified as the most significant for cluster analysis. Consensus cluster analysis was utilized to examine the mean values of these routine clinical parameters within the first 24 hours post-ICU admission to categorize patient classes. Furthermore, in-hospital and 28-day mortality rates of patients across different CA subphenotypes were assessed using multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: After applying exclusion criteria, 719 CA patients were included in the study, with a median age of 67.22 years (IQR: 55.50-79.34), of whom 63.28% were male. The analysis delineated two distinct subphenotypes: Subphenotype 1 (SP1) and Subphenotype 2 (SP2). Compared to SP1, patients in SP2 exhibited significantly higher levels of P/F, HB, MAP, PLT, and Na, but lower levels of T, HR, GLU, WBC, and CR. SP2 patients had a notably higher in-hospital mortality rate compared to SP1 (53.01% for SP2 vs. 39.36% for SP1, P < 0.001). 28-day mortality decreased continuously for both subphenotypes, with a more rapid decline in SP2. These differences remained significant after adjusting for potential covariates (adjusted OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.26–2.64, P = 0.002; HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.40–2.41, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The study successfully identified two distinct clinical subphenotypes of CA by analyzing routine clinical data from the first 24 hours following ICU admission. SP1 was characterized by a lower rate of in-hospital and 28-day mortality when compared to SP2. This differentiation could play a crucial role in tailoring patient care, assessing prognosis, and guiding more targeted treatment strategies for CA patients.
Functional characterization of cell wall-associated β-glucanases and peroxidase induced during wheat-Diuraphis noxia inteactions.
Authors: Zondo Siphephelo N.N. , Mohase Lintle , Tolmay Vicki , Mafa Mpho S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Wheat plants infested by Russian wheat aphids (RWA) induce a cascade of defence responses, which include increased activity of β-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase (POD). There is a lack of information regarding β-1,3-glucanase and POD synergistic effects on the plant cell wall modification and characterisation during wheat-RWA infestation. This study aimed to characterise the physicochemical properties of the cell wall-bound POD and β-1,3-glucanase during RWA-wheat interaction. The susceptible Tugela, moderately resistant Tugela Dn1, and resistant Tugela Dn5 cultivars were planted in a glasshouse to a seedling stage before being infested with RWASA2 for 14 days. The findings showed a significant increase in β-1,3-glucanase and POD activities in the infested Tugela Dn5 and Tugela-Dn1 cultivars over the 14 days. However, in the Tugela enzymes were repressed. In addition, it was shown for the first time that β-1,3-1,4-glucanase activity specific toward mixed-linked glucan was significant in the resistant cultivar over 14 days. β-1,3-glucanase, β-1,3-1,4-glucanase and POD displayed optimum at pH 5. β-1,3-glucanase and POD displayed temperature optimum at 40 and 50°C, respectively. However, β-1,3-1,4-glucanase had temperature optimum at 25°C. β-1,3-glucanase and POD had a thermo-stability at 37°C followed by about 80% relative activity at 70°C, but β-1,3-1,4-glucanase displayed thermostability at 25°C and retained more than 75% at 70°C, confirming that β-1,3-1,4-glucanase and β-1,3-glucanase induced in the resistant cultivars cell wall were two different enzymes. Mechanism of actions and oligosaccharide displayed that β-1,3-glucanase was highly active against β-1,3-glucan and required a triose and higher oligosaccharide to be active. Our findings demonstrated cell-wall bound POD and β-1,3-glucanase activities significantly increased in wheat after RWASA2 infestation, revealing they acted synergistically to reinforce the cell wall to deter RWASA2 feeding in resistant cultivars.
WITHDRAWN: Harmonizing Sustainable Transportation: A Comprehensive Hybrid Vehicle Integrating CNG, In-Wheel Motors, and Rooftop Solar Panels for Environmental Excellence.
Authors: KARTHIK MURI 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Multiple presentations of pediatric activated PI3K-delta syndrome: a single-center experience in south-central mainland China
Authors: Zhang Liang , Kang Zhijuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome causes recurrent respiratory tract infections, lymphoproliferation, autoimmunity, and lymphoma, due to mutations in PI3Kδ subunits, encoded by PIK3CD and PIK3R1, or PTEN, resulting in APDS1, APDS2, and APDS-L subtypes, respectively. Over 400 cases of APDS have been recognized since 2013; however, reports of pediatric patients from China are relatively limited.Methods Herein, individuals diagnosed with APDS by whole-exome sequencing from a single center in China were retrospectively assessed. Demographic characteristics, disease complications, laboratory data, and genetics were reviewed based on medical records.Results Ten, two, and nine patients with APDS1, APDS2, and APDS-L, respectively, were included. All patients with APDS1 had the c.3061G > A mutation in PIK3CD; patients with APDS2 had heterozygous c.1425 + 1G > C and c.1425 + 1G > A mutations in PIK3R1; and of patients with APDS-L, four had c.388C > T, and the other five had c.697C > T, c.1031delA, c.202T > C, c.640C > T, and c.896dupA mutations in PTEN. Recurrent respiratory tract infections were the most common manifestations in all patients. Neurodevelopmental abnormalities were noted in all patients with APDS-L. Bronchiectasis, chronic lymphoproliferation, and autoimmunity were more common in patients with APDS1 and APDS2. Five patients with APDS1 died from complications, including severe bacterial infection, autoimmune disease, renal failure, and lymphoma. Decreased serum IgG levels, increased IgM levels, B cell lymphopenia, and CD4 lymphopenia were predominant immunologic features in patients with APDS1 and APDS2.Conclusions APDS is a combined immunodeficiency with variable clinical manifestations. Patients with APDS1 and APDS2 had more frequent and severe infections than those with APDS-L. Neurodevelopmental delay was common in patients with APDS-L. APDS can be fatal; appropriate management is required to improved patient outcomes.
Genome-wide association study and candidate gene identification for agronomic traits in 182 upward-growing fruits of C. frutescens and C. annuum
Authors: Fu Genying , Yu Shuang , Wu Kun , Yang Mengxian , Altaf Muhammad Ahsan , Wu Zhuo , Deng Qin , Lu Xu , Fu Huizhen , Wang Zhiwei , Cheng Shanhan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pepper agronomic traits serve as pivotal indicators for characterizing germplasm attributes and correlations. Investigating genotypic disparities through phenotypic variations holds significant scientific merit Whole genome resequencing facilitates comprehensive examination of diverse individuals with known references, enabling subsequent differential analyses to pinpoint single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) linked to pepper agrnomic. This study ,conducted a genome-wide association study(GWAS) encompassing 26 agronomic traits in 182 pepper specimens. Rigorous measures, including phylogenetic analysis, population structure analysis, population principal component analysis, kinship analysis, and linkage disequilibrium analysis, were employed to ensure the precision and reliability of GWAS results. The optimal statistical model. Was determined through these analyses. A total of 929 SNPs significantly associated with 26 agronomic traits, were identified, alongside the detection of 519 candidate genes within 100kb region adjacent to these SNPs. Additionally, through gene annotation and expression pattern scrutiny, genes such as SCPL13, extensin-1-like, and DDB1 correlated with fruit traits in Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum annuum were validated via qRT-PCR. This validation provides a robust reference for molecular marker-assisted breeding of pepper agronomic traits, offering both genetic resources and theoretical foundations for future endeavors in molecular marker-assisted breeding for pepper.