bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administration of adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon relieves cancer cachexia by mitigating inflammation in tumour‐bearing mice
Authors: Massart Isabelle S. , Kouakou Axell‐Natalie , Pelet Nathan , Lause Pascale , Schakman Olivier , Loumaye Audrey , Abou‐Samra Michel , Deldicque Louise , Bindels Laure B. , Brichard Sonia M. , Thissen Jean‐Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia is a life‐threatening, inflammation‐driven wasting syndrome that remains untreatable. Adiponectin, the most abundant adipokine, plays an important role in several metabolic processes as well as in inflammation modulation. Our aim was to test whether administration of AdipoRon (AR), a synthetic agonist of the adiponectin receptors, prevents the development of cancer cachexia and its related muscle atrophy.MethodsThe effect of AR on cancer cachexia was investigated in two distinct murine models of colorectal cancer. First, 7‐week‐old CD2F1 male mice were subcutaneously injected with colon‐26 carcinoma cells (C26) or vehicle (CT). Six days after injection, mice were treated for 5 days with AdipoRon (50 mg/kg/day; C26 + AR) or the corresponding vehicle (CT and C26). Additionally, a genetic model, the ApcMin/+ mouse, that develops spontaneously numerous intestinal polyps, was used. Eight‐week‐old male ApcMin/+ mice were treated with AdipoRon (50 mg/kg/day; Apc + AR) or the corresponding vehicle (Apc) over a period of 12 weeks, with C57BL/6J wild‐type mice used as controls. In both models, several parameters were assessed in vivo: body weight, grip strength and serum parameters, as well as ex vivo: molecular changes in muscle, fat and liver.ResultsThe protective effect of AR on cachexia development was observed in both cachectic C26 and ApcMin/+ mice. In these mice, AR administration led to a significant alleviation of body weight loss and muscle wasting, together with rescued muscle strength (P < 0.05 for all). In both models, AR had a strong anti‐inflammatory effect, reflected by lower systemic interleukin‐6 levels (−55% vs. C26, P < 0.001 and −80% vs. Apc mice, P < 0.05), reduced muscular inflammation as indicated by lower levels of Socs3, phospho‐STAT3 and Serpina3n, an acute phase reactant (P < 0.05 for all). In addition, AR blunted circulating levels of corticosterone (−46% vs. C26 mice, P < 0.001 and −60% vs. Apc mice, P < 0.05), the predominant murine glucocorticoid known to induce muscle atrophy. Accordingly, key glucocorticoid‐responsive factors implicated in atrophy programmes were—or tended to be—significantly blunted in skeletal muscle by AR. Finally, AR protected against lipid metabolism alterations observed in ApcMin/+ mice, as it mitigated the increase in circulating triglyceride levels (−38%, P < 0.05) by attenuating hepatic triglyceride synthesis and fatty acid uptake by the liver.ConclusionsAltogether, these results show that AdipoRon rescued the cachectic phenotype by alleviating body weight loss and muscle atrophy, along with restraining inflammation and hypercorticism in preclinical murine models. Therefore, AdipoRon could represent an innovative therapeutic strategy to counteract cancer cachexia.
A facile microwave‐mediated method of 1,4‐dihydropyridine carboxylates synthesis by multicomponent reaction
Authors: Pachipulusu Shravya , Merugu Karuna Sree , Bhonsle Ramakrishna Rao , Kurnool Aravind 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn innovative green procedure has been devised to prepare derivatives of 1,4‐dihydropyridine (1,4‐DHP). This method works with a catalyst process using ethanol as solvent under microwave irradiation conditions, enabling swift reactions (<30 min) with impressive yields (90%–96%). It contributes to an environmentally friendly and easily executable process by using the energy efficiency method. Within 30 min, this method underscores ecologically conscious practices and offers simple purification, streamlining the process by omitting column chromatography. This method highlights the efficacy and eco‐friendly nature of synthesizing 1,4‐DHPs. This method combines four component reactions, utilizing EtOH as the solvent and triethylamine as the catalyst. Furthermore, the product was characterized by diverse spectroscopic analysis.
Breast percent density changes in digital mammography pre‐ and post‐radiotherapy
Authors: Mohammadi Sana , Ghaderi Sadegh , Mohammadi Mahdi , Ghaznavi Hamid , Mohammadian Kamal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionBreast cancer (BC), the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide, presents a public health challenge and affects mortality rates. Breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) is a common treatment, but the risk from residual disease necessitates radiotherapy. Digital mammography monitors treatment response by identifying post‐operative and radiotherapy tissue alterations, but accurate assessment of mammographic density remains a challenge. This study used OpenBreast to measure percent density (PD), offering insights into changes in mammographic density before and after BCT with radiation therapy.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 92 female patients with BC who underwent BCT, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, excluding those who received hormonal therapy or bilateral BCT. Percent/percentage density measurements were extracted using OpenBreast, an automated software that applies computational techniques to density analyses. Data were analysed at baseline, 3 months, and 15 months post‐treatment using standardised mean difference (SMD) with Cohen's d, chi‐square, and paired sample t‐tests. The predictive power of PD changes for BC was measured based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsThe mean age was 53.2 years. There were no significant differences in PD between the periods. Standardised mean difference analysis revealed no significant changes in the SMD for PD before treatment compared with 3‐ and 15‐months post‐treatment. Although PD increased numerically after radiotherapy, ROC analysis revealed optimal sensitivity at 15 months post‐treatment for detecting changes in breast density.ConclusionsThis study utilised an automated breast density segmentation tool to assess the changes in mammographic density before and after BC treatment. No significant differences in the density were observed during the short‐term follow‐up period. However, the results suggest that quantitative density assessment could be valuable for long‐term monitoring of treatment effects. The study underscores the necessity for larger and longitudinal studies to accurately measure and validate the effectiveness of quantitative methods in clinical BC management.
Comparative single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune response to inactivated vaccine and natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: He Shuai , Liu Shu‐Qiang , Teng Xiang‐Yun , He Jin‐Yong , Liu Yang , Gao Jia‐Hui , Wu Yue , Hu Wei , Dong Zhong‐Jun , Bei Jin‐Xin , Xu Jian‐Hua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUncovering the immune response to an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine (In‐Vac) and natural infection is crucial for comprehending COVID‐19 immunology. Here we conducted an integrated analysis of single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) data from serial peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples derived from 12 individuals receiving In‐Vac compared with those from COVID‐19 patients. Our study reveals that In‐Vac induces subtle immunological changes in PBMC, including cell proportions and transcriptomes, compared with profound changes for natural infection. In‐Vac modestly upregulates IFN‐α but downregulates NF‐κB pathways, while natural infection triggers hyperactive IFN‐α and NF‐κB pathways. Both In‐Vac and natural infection alter T/B cell receptor repertoires, but COVID‐19 has more significant change in preferential VJ gene, indicating a vigorous immune response. Our study reveals distinct patterns of cellular communications, including a selective activation of IL‐15RA/IL‐15 receptor pathway after In‐Vac boost, suggesting its potential role in enhancing In‐Vac‐induced immunity. Collectively, our study illuminates multifaceted immune responses to In‐Vac and natural infection, providing insights for optimizing SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine efficacy.
Considerable differences in management of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with biliary atresia
Authors: Liliemark Ulrika , Psaros Einberg Afrodite , Svensson Jan F. , Fischler Björn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesPatients with biliary atresia (BA) and ongoing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may have poorer outcomes after Kasai portoenterostomy than uninfected patients. Still, there is no consensus on the usefulness of viral testing and antiviral treatment (AVT). This study aims to explore the need for future research on AVT for CMV infection by assessing how CMV infection in BA patients is managed in different centers.MethodsAn online questionnaire with 10 questions was offered to participants at an international congress on BA, organized in collaboration with the European Reference Network for rare liver diseases in 2022. Answers to questions were either dichotomic or multiple choices of different numeric intervals. Ongoing CMV infection was defined by detecting cytomegalovirus‐immunoglobulin M (CMV‐IgM) in serum or cytomegalovirus‐deoxyribonucleic acid (CMV‐DNA) by polymerase chain reaction in blood or urine.ResultsThere were 43 respondents from 36 centers in 26 countries. The total number of BA patients per year was between 208 and 380 from centers with 0–5 to >20 BA patients yearly (median 6–10). CMV infection was tested in 27 centers (75%), of which 18 (67%) use AVT. The rate of CMV infection varied between 0%–5% and 40%–50% (median 5%–10%). Willingness to treat the infection did not differ between centers with low and high rates of CMV infection.ConclusionsMost centers test for CMV infection, and a considerable proportion use AVT despite the lack of evidence of its benefits. A future randomized study on treating CMV infection in BA patients is necessary and feasible.
The impact of exchange rate and exchange rate volatility on tourism demand using disaggregated data
Authors: Rookayyah Imamboccus , Seetanah Boopen , Nunkoo Robin , Jaffur Zameelah Khan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study investigates the impacts of exchange rate and exchange rate volatility on inbound tourism demand in Mauritius, using annual data covering the period 1999–2019 and a panel autoregressive distributed lag model. In particular, we consider 17 major tourism markets for Mauritius. The sample is further divided into Eurozone (7 countries) and non‐Eurozone (10 countries) for additional insights. The results show that in the long run, both the exchange rate and its volatility have negative and significant impacts on tourism demand across the three samples considered, while income in the home country has a positive and significant effect on tourism demand. On the other hand, relative price is found to have a significant and negative effect on tourism demand only for the overall sample of 17 countries, while for both the Eurozone and non‐Eurozone, the impact is insignificant. The empirical results suggest that policymakers should give consideration to stronger monetary and fiscal regulations to increase tourism demand.
Glenohumeral morphological predictors of recurrent shoulder instability following arthroscopic Bankart repair
Authors: Hurley Eoghan T. , O'Grady Jack , Davey Martin S. , Levin Jay M. , Mojica Edward S. , Gaafar Mohammed , Dickens Jonathan F. , Delaney Ruth A. , Mullett Hannan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate glenohumeral morphological features on a magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) to determine risk factors for recurrence of anterior shoulder instability following arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR).MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent ABR between 2012 and 2017 was performed to identify patients who had recurrence of instability following stabilisation (Group 1). These were pair‐matched in a 2:1 ratio for age, gender and sport with a control (Group 2) who underwent ABR without recurrence. Preoperative MRAs were evaluated for risk factors for recurrence, with glenoid bone loss and Hill–Sachs lesions also measured. Multilinear and multilogistic regression models were used to evaluate factors affecting recurrence.ResultsOverall, 72 patients were included in this study, including 48 patients without recurrence and 24 patients with recurrent instability. There was a significant difference between the two groups in mean glenoid bone loss (Group 1: 7.3% vs. Group 2: 5.7%, p < 0.0001) and the rate of off‐track Hill–Sachs lesions (Group 1: 20.8% vs. Group 2: 0%, p = 0.0003). Of the variables analysed in logistic regression, increased glenoid anteversion (p = 0.02), acromioclavicular (AC) degeneration (p = 0.03) and increased Hill–Sachs width were associated with increased risk of failure. Increased chondral version (p = 0.01) and humeral head diameter in the anteriorposterior view were found to be protective and associated with a greater likelihood of success.ConclusionGlenoid anteversion was a risk factor for recurrent instability, whereas increased chondral version and humeral head diameter were associated with higher rates of success following ABR. Glenoid bone loss, presence of an off‐track Hill–Sachs lesion, increased Hill–Sachs width and AC degeneration were also associated with failure. These findings should be used by surgeons to stratify risk for recurrence following ABR.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Small deviations between planned and performed bone cuts using a CT‐based robotic‐arm‐assisted total knee arthroplasty system
Authors: Zambianchi Francesco , Matveitchouk Nikita , Pavesi Marco , Clemenza Sebastiano , Cuoghi Costantini Riccardo , Marcovigi Andrea , Seracchioli Stefano , Catani Fabio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeComputed tomography (CT)‐based robotic system for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has shown improved accuracy compared to conventional. This study was designed to (1) confirm the accuracy of the robotic system in achieving the plan and (2) establish the alignment and positioning deviation between final components and planning, by measuring the discrepancy between final implant alignment and the corresponding planned cut.MethodsNinety‐six cementless robotic‐arm assisted (RA) TKAs were assessed. Bone resections were performed using the haptically controlled robotic arm. Alignment in the coronal and sagittal plane and resection depth of the distal femoral and proximal tibial cuts were recorded with a navigation planar probe. After final components were impacted, the probe was positioned on each implant surface to determine its alignment and positioning.ResultsThe mean tibial resections and implanted tibial component's positioning were 0.4 mm (standard deviation, SD: 0.6) and 0.9 mm (SD: 0.8), respectively, higher than planned (p < 0.01). The tibial sagittal cut had 19/96 cases (19.8%) of ±1° outliers from plan. In 40/96 cases (41.7%), the tibial component was more prominent than planned of more than 1 mm. The mean femoral resections and impacted femoral component's positioning was 0.1 mm (SD: 0.8) and 0.2 mm (SD: 0.7), respectively, higher than planned. In 23/96 cases (24.0%), the femoral sagittal cut and femoral component coronal alignment deviated more than ±1° from plan.ConclusionsThe computed tomography‐based robotic‐assisted TKA system showed good accuracy regarding bone preparation and component's positioning relative to the planning. Cementless tibial component impaction resulted in the most deviation from plan, with a large proportion of cases resulting in being more prominent than planned.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Evaluating the effect of pulse energy on femtosecond laser trabeculotomy (FLT) outflow channels for glaucoma treatment in human cadaver eyes
Authors: Luo Shangbang , Mikula Eric R. , Khazaeinezhad Reza , Bradford Samantha M. , Zhang Fengyi , Jester James V. , Juhasz Tibor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFemtosecond laser trabeculotomy (FLT) creates aqueous humor outflow channels through the trabecular meshwork (TM) and is an emerging noninvasive treatment for open‐angle glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of pulse energy on outflow channel creation during FLT.Materials and MethodsAn FLT laser (ViaLase Inc.) was used to create outflow channels through the TM (500 μm wide by 200 μm high) in human cadaver eyes using pulse energies of 10, 15, and 20 μJ. Following treatment, tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. The channels were imaged using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and assessed as full thickness, partial thickness, or not observable.ResultsPulse energies of 15 and 20 μJ had a 100% success rate in creating full‐thickness FLT channels as imaged by OCT. A pulse energy of 10 μJ resulted in no channels (n = 6), a partial‐thickness channel (n = 2), and a full‐thickness FLT channel (n = 2). There was a statistically significant difference in cutting widths between the 10 and 15 μJ groups (p < 0.0001), as well as between the 10 and 20 μJ groups (p < 0.0001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the 15 and 20 μJ groups (p = 0.416).ConclusionsFifteen microjoules is an adequate pulse energy to reliably create aqueous humor outflow channels during FLT in human cadaver eyes. OCT is a valuable tool when evaluating FLT.
Mass spectrometry for neurosurgery: Intraoperative support in decision‐making
Authors: Pekov Stanislav I. , Bormotov Denis S. , Bocharova Svetlana I. , Sorokin Anatoly A. , Derkach Maria M. , Popov Igor A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmbient ionization mass spectrometry was proved to be a powerful tool for oncological surgery. Still, it remains a translational technique on the way from laboratory to clinic. Brain surgery is the most sensitive to resection accuracy field since the balance between completeness of resection and minimization of nerve fiber damage determines patient outcome and quality of life. In this review, we summarize efforts made to develop various intraoperative support techniques for oncological neurosurgery and discuss difficulties arising on the way to clinical implementation of mass spectrometry‐guided brain surgery.
Identification and validation of a novel anoikis‐related prognostic model for prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang Peipei , Lv Wenzhi , Luan Yang , Cai Wei , Min Xiangde , Feng Zhaoyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnoikis resistance is a hallmark characteristic of oncogenic transformation, which is crucial for tumor progression and metastasis. The aim of this study was to identify and validate a novel anoikis‐related prognostic model for prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsWe collected a gene expression profile, single nucleotide polymorphism mutation and copy number variation (CNV) data of 495 PCa patients from the TCGA database and 140 PCa samples from the MSKCC dataset. We extracted 434 anoikis‐related genes and unsupervised consensus cluster analysis was used to identify molecular subtypes. The immune infiltration, molecular function, and genome alteration of subtypes were evaluated. A risk signature was developed using Cox regression analysis and validated with the MSKCC dataset. We also identify potential drugs for high‐risk group patients.ResultsTwo subtypes were identified. C1 exhibited a higher level of CNV amplification, immune score, stromal score, aneuploidy score, homologous recombination deficiency, intratumor heterogeneity, single‐nucleotide variant neoantigens, and tumor mutational burden compared to C2. C2 showed a better survival outcome and had a high level of gamma delta T cell and activated B cell infiltration. The risk signature consisting of four genes (HELLS, ZWINT, ABCC5, and TPSB2) was developed (area under the curve = 0.780) and was found to be an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in PCa patients. Four CTRP‐derived and four PRISM‐derived compounds were identified for high‐risk patients.ConclusionsThe anoikis‐related prognostic model developed in this study could be a useful tool for clinical decision‐making. This study may provide a new perspective for the treatment of anoikis‐related PCa.
An activation mechanism for cyclic degradation of clays in bounding surface plasticity
Authors: Palmieri Francesca , Taiebat Mahdi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDuring undrained cyclic loading, clayey soils experience substantial stiffness and strength degradation when subjected to shear amplitudes exceeding a critical threshold. This paper presents an enhanced bounding surface rate‐independent plasticity model, an evolution of the previous SANICLAY model, tailored to capture this specific behavior during cyclic loading. A distinguishing feature of the proposed model is the introduction of an activation mechanism. This mechanism triggers degradation modeling based on the applied cyclic shear amplitude. To measure this amplitude, the activation mechanism incorporates a novel state variable that serves as a proxy for the applied cyclic stress. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated by comparing it to experimental data from various materials subjected to cyclic shearing under undrained conditions. The study encompasses a broad range of constant strain or stress amplitudes. Compared to the reference model, the proposed model exhibits improved predictive accuracy for the stress‐strain response of clays at small amplitudes of cyclic loading and large number of cycles. Furthermore, it accounts for strength degradation due to cyclic loading.
Social processes influencing nursing students in passing the nursing licensure examination: A grounded theory approach
Authors: Granger Jumpee , Napa Wilai , Buadong Dongruethai , Punyoo Jiraporn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the strategies used by nursing students in passing the nursing licensure examination.DesignThis study uses a classic grounded theory design to explore the social processes influencing a nursing license examination.MethodsEight graduate students participated in this research study and were interviewed in‐depth twice. The Classic Grounded Theory method of Glaser was applied to collect and analyse the data until saturation was reached.ResultsThe findings revealed that students who passed the nursing licensure examination described the strategies as a preliminary model comprising a core category, Reviewing (Phase 1), which consisted of two sub‐categories: Entering Time and Reviewing Styles. Additionally, two other main categories emerged: the Tutoring category (Phase 2) and the Testing Practice category (Phase 3). It was observed that each course (subject) does not necessarily follow a specific order in traversing these phases; they may move back and forth between them until the conclusion of the examination. Furthermore, it was found that the time allocated to Entering Time and completing the three phases significantly influences the successful passing of the nursing licensure examination.