bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1989 Ogura Memorial Lecture: Mediastinal Dissection
Authors: Sisson George A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAs I prepared this talk, I realized what an honor it is for me to have been selected the Joseph H. Ogura lecturer. It gives me double pleasure and comfort to accept. Joe Ogura was a long‐time, close friend and an inordinately respected role model.Joe and I shared many stimulating and productive moments, and I was on the receiving end most of the time. He was a true scholar. Early in his career, he initiated basic laryngeal surgeries whereby voice was preserved. These conservation cancer surgeries so stimulated me that I performed six supraglottic operations while still a young upstart in Syracuse, New York. His detailed, well‐illustrated descriptions of this innovative work awakened world interest and changed the treatment of laryngeal carcinomas. I worked closely with Dr. Joe for many years, as a founding member of the American Society of Head and Neck Surgery, as a travelling companion for the National Cancer Institute Head and Neck Cancer cadre, and as a confidante, during which time he convinced me to become Department Head at Northwestern Medical School in Chicago. For that, I shall ever be gratefulThe mediastinal dissection was introduced in 1962 to manage an otherwise uniformly fatal problem in head and neck oncology: stomal recurrence of laryngeal, squamous cell cancer. The morbidity and mortality rates continued to be high and the survival rates low, but they were an improvement over those of other treatment plans.Since then, refinements of the ablative techniques and major advances in the reconstructive techniques have significantly decreased morbidity and mortality rates. The most recent data indicate a 45% survival rate at 42 months. It is evident that early diagnosis and staging of stomal recurrences will yield successful results.Because the mediastinal dissection operation is now safe, it should be applied more liberally in head and neck oncology situations such as subglottic extension of laryngeal cancer, advanced thyroid cancers, cervical esophageal and tracheal cancers, and all head and neck tumors with low‐nodal disease.
Immunoelectron microscopy of the human inner ear
Authors: Wackym Phillip A. , Micevych Paul E. , Ward Paul H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe immediate fixation required for satisfactory morphologic preservation of the human inner ear has not only limited the ultrastructural study of this region, but has also limited the application of immunohistochemistry. The technique of postembedding protein A‐colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy was used on human inner ear tissue taken at operation and on celloidin‐embedded temporal bone sections from a traditional temporal bone bank. We describe the utility of postembedding immunoelectron microscopy for studying the localization of a wide variety of antigens including type I collagen, S‐100, and calcitonin gene‐related peptide. The use of this method in material available in temporal bone banks or that has been routinely processed for transmission electron microscopy provides the potential for broad application to collections of otologic material.
Malignant nasopharyngeal tumors in children
Authors: Fearon Blair , Forte Vito , Brama Israel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom 1964 to 1984, 25 children with malignant tumors of the nasopharynx were seen, and their progress was followed at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. Two types of malignancies: rhabdomyosarcoma and lympho‐epithelioma were most prevalent with eight cases apiece. The presenting signs and symptoms were related to local and/or regional manifestations of disease. No child presented with signs or symptoms related to distant metastatic disease. The diagnosis and treatment of this series of patients are described briefly.The advent of combined treatment modalities in the past decade has improved the prognosis for nasopharyngeal tumors, especially for the rhabdomyosarcomas; in general, however, survival rates are still poor, approximating 50%.
Is outpatient suction cautery tonsillectomy safe in a community hospital setting?
Authors: Haberman Rex S. , Shattuck Theodore G. , Dion Nancy M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy are frequently performed operations. They are typically done as a day‐of‐surgery admission with discharge on the first postoperative day. Five hundred consecutive tonsillectomies and adenotonsillectomies performed by the authors were retrospectively reviewed to determine if these procedures could safely be performed on an outpatient basis. Primary postoperative hemorrhage was found to be rare using the suction cautery technique. Secondary hemorrhage occurred most commonly on the sixth postoperative day and the overall postoperative bleed rate was 7%. Our conclusion was that suction cautery tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy were safe to perform on an outpatient basis.
Interstitial laser phototherapy assisted by magnetic resonance imaging: A new technique for monitoring laser‐tissue interaction
Authors: Castro Dan J. , Ward Paul H. , Lufkin Robert B. , To Stephen Y. D. , Nishimura Earl , Saxton Romaine E. , Layfield Lester J. , Fetterman Harold R. , Castro J. , Tartell Paul B. , Robinson Jeffrey D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe rapid technological advances of magnetic resonance imaging, laser fiberoptics, and compatible probes may allow treatment of deep and sometimes surgically unreach‐able tumors of the head and neck with minimal morbidity through interstitial laser phototherapy. In this study, a new application of magnetic resonance imaging was developed to monitor and quantify laser‐induced tissue damages. Pig skin was exposed to increased levels of argon laser (514.5 ran) at energy densitites between 62.5 and 375 J/cm2 as determined by an accurate and reproducible method of dosimetry. Thermal profiles were recorded using an infrared sensor and Tl‐ and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance images were taken; afterward, biopsies were performed to quantitate the level of tissue damage. Our results demonstrate that above a certain threshold of laser energy, the magnetic resonance imaging findings are temperature dependent. Appropriate development of a scale matching laser energies, temperature profiles, Tl‐ and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance images, and histological quantitation of tissue destruction will allow us to optimize the three‐dimensional control and monitoring of laser‐tissue interactions.
Use of anticytoplasmic autoantibodies in the diagnosis of wegener's granulomatosis with subglottic stenosis
Authors: Gaughan Robert K. , McDonald Thomas J. , DeSanto Lawrence W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSubglottic stenosis is one of the lesser known manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis and poses great difficulty in confirming the diagnosis. We present the use of the anticytoplasmic autoantibodies (ACPA) blood test, which has been shown to be highly specific for Wegener's granulomatosis, for corroboration of Wegener's granulomatosis in a patient with subglottic stenosis for whom tissue biopsies were nondiagnostic. The ACPA test and the presentation, diagnosis, and management of subglottic stenosis due to Wegener's granulomatosis are discussed. Otolaryngologists must be aware of the varied manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis and the availability of the ACPA blood test as an aid in confirming the diagnosis.
Waveform morphology and amplitude variability in facial‐nerve electroneurography
Authors: Kelleher Michael J. , Gutnick Howard N. , Prass Richard L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study assesses the effect of using bipolar recording electrodes in the nasolabial crease versus using monopolar recording electrodes in the crease and on the nasal alae.Seven normal patients had three trials of facial‐nerve electroneurography on three separate test days. Peak‐to‐peak amplitudes of combined motor action potentials were measured; amplitude variability was not affected by the measurement site. A biphasic waveform shape was most consistently obtained by using the nasal alae as the recording point rather than the nasolabial crease. We hypothesize that alar electrodes primarily detect combined motor action potential activity from relatively synchronous, fast‐conducting facial‐nerve fibers, while the combined motor action potential detected by electrodes in the nasolabial crease reflect a relatively complex summation of both fast and slow fibers.
The risk of cholesteatoma in congenital aural stenosis
Authors: Cole Randolph R. , Jahrsdoerfer Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCongenital aural stenosis, as compared to congenital aural atresia, carries a much greater risk of cholesteatoma. In a review of over 600 patients with major congenital ear malformations, 50 patients (54 ears) were found to have congenital aural stenosis. Ninety‐one percent of the ears in patients 12 years and older with a stenosis of 2 mm or less presented with cholesteatoma.Based on this review, the following opinions are given: 1. A bony ear canal opening of 2 mm or less puts the patient at risk of cholesteatoma formation; 2. the cholesteatoma is slow‐growing; and 3. undiagnosed cholesteatoma will cause extensive damage to the ear by early adulthood. We recommend surgery for patients with stenosis of the external ear canal measuring 2 mm or less. The appropriate time for surgery is late childhood or early adolescence, before irreversible damage has occurred.
Same‐Day‐stay adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Helmus Christian , Grin Mina , Westfall Rolleen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe records of 1088 consecutive adenotonsillectomy patients at Butterworth Hospital's Same Day Stay Department were reviewed. Of 1088 patients, 1082 were discharged the same day. Only one of the 1082 discharged patients had a significant bleeding complication during the first postoperative night, and no patient had vomiting or dehydration problems. With the special combined efforts of the otolaryn‐gologist, the anesthesiologist, the nurses, and the hospital administration, same‐day‐stay adenotonsillectomy is a justifiable and cost‐effective procedure.
Intratemporal facial nerve anastomosis: A temporal bone study
Authors: Eby Thomas L. , Pollak Anita , Fisch Ugo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe temporal bone findings in a patient who suffered a transverse temporal bone fracture and subsequently underwent intratemporal facial nerve anastomosis are presented. The patient returned a year after surgery with otor‐rhea and partial return of facial function that was documented clinically, and by electromyograph 12 days before death. The temporal bone shows breakdown of the posterior external canal wall and infection of the surgical cavity. At the facial nerve anastomosis, there is a fibrosis and lack of myelination in the few regenerating nerve fibers. These results demonstrate a seldom‐mentioned complication of the translabyrinthine approach, and suggest changes in the technique of facial nerve anastomosis to improve the results.
Treatment of frey's syndrome with topical 2% diphemanil methylsulfate (prantal®): A double‐blind evaluation of 15 patients
Authors: Laccourreye O. , Brasnu D. , Laccourreye H. , Bonan B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAll patients were alternatively treated with topically applied placebo and topically applied 2% diphemanil methylsulfate (an anticholinergic agent). A 10‐day period was allowed between applications for return of symptoms. Two‐percent diphemanil methylsulfate provided partial relief in 33.3% of patients and total relief in 40% of patients. Involvement of the hairy temporal line region with gustatory sweating was the main reason for failure. Duration of relief varied from 2 to 4 days. The only side effect was dryness of the mouth noted in two patients.
Decompression of the brain stem and superior cervical spine for congenital / Acquired craniovertebral invagination: An interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Wood David E. , Good Terry L. , Hahn Joseph , Bumphrey Francis , Bell Gordon , Wood Benjamin G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA transoropharyngeal/transpalatal approach to the clivus and anterior cervical spine in association with a midline labiomandibular glossotomy has proved successful in the treatment of craniovertebral instability. Nine cases at this institution between 1978 and 1986 were retrospectively reviewed. A head‐and‐neck surgeon, along with a neuro‐surgeon and/or orthopedic surgeon collaborated on these procedures. The indications, methods, operative techniques, results and postoperative complications are presented.
Experimental model of immune‐mediated hearing loss using cross‐species immunization
Authors: Orozco Charles R. , Niparko John K. , Richardson Bruce C. , Dolan David F. , Ptok Martin U. , Altschuler Richard A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe presence of immune‐mediated hearing loss was investigated in an animal model. Eight guinea pigs and four mice underwent immunizations with a preparation of chick or guinea pig cochlear tissue and Freund's adjuvant. Hearing thresholds were monitored by auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing over a 5‐week period after immunization. The serum and temporal bones of test and control animals were then examined using an enzyme‐linked im‐munosorbent assay (ELISA), immunocytochemical, and his‐tological techniques.Hearing loss of 20 dB or greater occurred in eight animals. ELISA demonstrated antibodies to cochlear antigens in the sera of all test animals. Immunocytochemistry revealed immunostaining of hair cell stereocilia in the organ of Corti and saccule. Endolymphatic hydrops, and organ of Corti degeneration was observed in the temporal bones of three animals.This study provides evidence to suggest that cross‐species immunization with cochlear antigens might produce a humoral response that can be associeted with inner ear pathologic change and sensorineural hearing lose.
Symptoms of vocal attrition in women army instructors and new recruits: Results from a survey
Authors: Sapir Shimon , Atias Joseph , Shahar Amnon 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSymptoms of vocal attrition were surveyed with a questionnaire in 130 Israeli women army instructors, a high‐risk group for vocal attrition, and in 386 Israeli women recruits, presumably a low‐risk group. Results showed!, a high prevalence of symptoms in both groups, but a significantly higher prevalence among the instructors; 2. significant correlation between number of symptoms and rapid, excessive, and loud speech habits in both groups; and 3. significant correlation between number of symptoms and difficulties in performing instructional duties. These findings suggest that 1. vocal attrition is related to both external demands on the voice and idiosyncratic speech habits; and 2. vocal attrition has a significant impact on performance and work‐efficiency.
Computed tomography staging of the paranasal sinuses in chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Friedman William H. , Katsantonis George P. , Sivore Michael , Kay Scott 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this study, the computed tomography scans of 100 patients with chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis were reviewed to establish a clinical staging system. Fourteen percent of the patients were classified as Stage I (single‐focus disease); 36% as Stage II (multifocal disease responsive to conservative therapy); 32% as Stage III (diffuse disease partially responsive to medication); and 16% as Stage IV (diffuse disease associated with bony changes and poorly responsive to conservative treatment). The incidence of recurrent or persistent disease ranged from 13% for Stage II to 30% for Stage IV. Stage I and HI patients had 13% and 18% recurrence rates, respectively. Computed tomography staging is shown to be useful in outlining operative strategies and is a reliable prognosticates of the disease process.
Vocal cord paralysis in children deborah
Authors: Rosin Farb , Handler Steven D. , Potsic William P. , Wetmore Ralph F. , Tom Lawrence W. C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBilateral vocal cord paralysis is a common cause of stridor in infants and children. There are significant differences in this entity between children and adults with regard to etiology, diagnosis, management, and outcome. A review of 10 years' experience at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identified 51 children seen with the diagnosis of vocal cord paralysis. These cases were evaluated with respect to etiology of paralysis, whether unilateral or bilateral, delay in diagnosis, need for tracheotomy, abnormality of voice, surgical treatment, and outcome. Guidelines for management for a child with vocal cord paralysis are presented with emphasis on flexible endoscopic evaluation and conservative management.
Myogenic influences on the electrical auditory brainstem response (EABR) in humans
Authors: Fifer Robert C. , Novak Michael A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwo cases demonstrating the effects of myogenic artifact on the electrical auditory brainstem response (EABR) when using a promontory stimulation site are presented. Intensity‐response functions were obtained in the unparalyzed condition, then repeated after infusion of a neuromuscular paralyzing agent. In both cases, the myogenic response was observed at lower stimulus intensities than the EABR components. As intensity increased, the myogenic responses grew at extremely rapid rates and made any subsequent identification of auditory responses virtually impossible. To alleviate the adverse influence of myogenic components, general anesthesia and a paralyzing agent must be incorporated into the test protocol when acquiring the EABR using a promontory site of stimulation.
Magnetic stimulation of the facial nerve
Authors: Metson Ralph , Rebeiz Elie , West Carol , Thornton Aaron 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIntracranial activation of the facial nerve is now possible with the noninvasive techniques of magnetic stimulation. Brief magnetic pulses generated by a coil overlying the parietal scalp elicit compound muscle action potentials of similar shape and amplitude and greater latency than those produced by electroneurography. Mapping studies demonstrate the compound muscle action potentials to be of constant latency and varying amplitude with changing coil location. Maximum compound muscle action potential amplitudes are obtained with the coil center located in a rectangular area superior and posterior to the ear canal. A comparison of large and small diameter coils showed them to be equally effective for painless facial nerve stimulation; however, the smaller coil allowed for a more localized field of activation. Magnetic stimulation has the potential to provide cross‐the‐lesion testing of facial nerve function.
Magnetic resonance imaging of facial nerve neuromas
Authors: Parnes Lorne S. , Lee Donald H. , Peerless Sydney J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFacial nerve neuromas are uncommon tumors often confused with other tumors of the temporal bone and cerebellopontine angle. Radiologically, it may be impossible to differentiate an intracanalicu‐lar facial nerve neuroma from an acoustic neuroma. We present three case reports of facial nerve neuromas arising within the internal auditory canal to show the important magnetic resonance imaging features of these tumors. One tumor extended into the cerebellopontine angle, middle cranial fossa, and middle ear. Another filled the internal auditory canal and extended through the cerebellopontine angle to the brain stem. The third occurred in a patient who had neurofibromatosis as well as numerous other intracranial tumors. We feel that gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging provides the most useful information in the preoperative assessment of this disorder.
Paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities: CT analysis for endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Bolger William E. , Parsons David S. , Butzin Clifford A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCoronal plane computerized tomographic (CT) scanning has dramatically improved the imaging of paranasal sinus anatomy as compared to sinus radiographs. Increasingly, subtle bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities of this region are being detected. Data regarding the “background” prevalence of these findings are needed to determine their clinical relevance.A detailed analysis of coronal plane CT scans of the paranasal sinuses obtained in 202 consecutively imaged patients was conducted. Special attention was directed toward identifying bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities. Anatomic variations studied included pneumatization of the middle turbinate, paradoxical curvature of the middle turbi‐nate, Haller's cells, and pneumatization of the unci‐nate process. Such bony anatomic variations were detected in 131 (64.9%) of 202 patients and were found with a similar frequency in patients scanned for sinus complaints and in those scanned for nonsinus reasons.Mucosal abnormalities were detected in 168 (83.2%) of 202 patients. For those patients scanned during the evaluation of sinus‐like complaints, mucosal abnormalities were noted in 153 (92.2%) of 166 cases, and were predominantly detected in the anterior ethmoid region. For patients scanned during nonsinus evaluations, mucosal abnormalities were detected in 15 (41.7%) of 36 cases, without predilection for the anterior ethmoid region.Discussion regarding the prevalence and clinical significance of paranasal sinus bony anatomic variations and mucosal abnormalities is included as a guide to assist the otolaryngologist and/or radiologist in the evaluation of coronal sinus CT scans.
Hilger facial nerve stimulator: A 25‐year update
Authors: Lewis Brent I. , Kahn Jonathan M. , Adour Kedar K. , Lewis Alison J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPercutaneous nerve excitability testing using the Hilger facial nerve stimulator was introduced about 25 years ago. The test is reliable, easy to use, and inexpensive; it continues to be the most frequently used method for predicting prognosis of facial nerve disorders. Between 1966 and 1974, we recorded 10,243 nerve excitability tests on 865 patients with a mean of 3.29 tests for each peripheral branch and 3.43 for the trunk. Using a multiple regression model, we determined the effect on nerve stimulation values of age, sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, partial or complete clinical paralysis, diagnosis of herpes zoster, year of testing, and eventual facial paralysis recovery profile. We discuss statistical reliability, provide a table of interpretive results, and offer “tips and traps” invaluable to the practitioner. A prospective study of 25 patients with residual facial paralysis was evaluated by two separate otolaryngologists to determine intertester reliability.
Molecular pathologic study of human papillomavirus infection in inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Furuta Yashushi , Tanaka Katsuhiko , Inuyama Yukio , Shinohara Toshiya , Sano Kimiaki , Nagashima Kazuo , Inoue Kazuaki 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNasal inverted papilloma is a rare benign tumor occasionally associated with squamous cell carcinoma. To determine the etiological role of human papillomavirus in inverted papilloma, and to clarify the relationship between human papillomavirus and malignant transformation of this benign tumor, we retrospectively analyzed inverted papillomas from 26 patients, 7 of whom had squamous cell carcinoma.We used an immunohistochemical method and molecular pathologic techniques, or dot‐blot hybridization of DNA extracted from paraffin‐embedded tissues, in situ hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction. Human papillomavirus was detected in 5 of 26 patients (19%), 3 patients with human papillomavirus 11 and 2 patients with human papillomavirus 16. The latter 2 patients had inverted papillomas associated with squamous cell carcinoma. We speculate that human papillomavirus may be related to the malignant transformation of inverted papillomas.