bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Transfer Concerning the Lowest Triplet State of Tetracyanobenzene with Methyl-Substituted Benzenes
Authors: Kobayashi Takayoshi , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The quantum-yield ratios of phosphorescence to fluorescence and the phosphorescence lifetimes were measured for the charge-transfer complexes of tetracyanobenzene with methyl-substituted benzenes. By combining the observed results with the fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes reported previously, the upper and lower limits of the rate constants for the intersystem crossing and for the radiative and non-radiative energy-transfer processes from the lowest triplet state to the ground state were obtained with the complexes. The intersystemcrossing rate constant of tetracyanobenzene was found to be decreased by the complex formation. This tendency was explained by the mixing of the charge-transfer configuration with the appropriate singlet and triplet states of the component molecules. The phosphorescence radiative rate constant was found to be determined by the contribution of the higher excited singlet configurations of each complex to the phosphorescent state. The temperature dependence of the phosphorescence-quenching rate constant was determined, and the activation energy of the process was interpreted as being due to intramolecular out-of-plane bending vibrations.
Polarized Absorption Spectrum of the Second S→T Transition of Phenazine Crystals
Authors: Mikami Naohiko , Ito Mitsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polarized absorption spectrum of the second S→T transition of phenazine single crystal was measured at 4.2°K. The transition moments of the individual vibronic bands were determined uniquely from their polarization characteristics. The 0—0 band at 20470 cm−1 was found to be polarized along the N-N axis of the molecule and assigned as 3B3u←1Ag(n-π*) transition. The vibronic bands other than the 0？0 band was found to be exclusively polarized along the long axis of the molecule, and they were assigned as the vibronic bands induced by a nontotally symmetric vibration in the 3B3u state. The possible routes of vibronic spin orbit coupling mechanism are discussed on the basis of the observed results.
An Additional Formation of CH280BrBr via a Kinetic-energy-independent Process in the Highly Moderated 80mBr-CH4 Systems
Authors: Numakura Kenshi , Saeki Masakatsu , Tachikawa Enzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The moderator effect of Kr on the reaction of (I.T.)-activated 80Br with CH4 has been examined, keeping the ratio of Br2/CH4 at 0.02 or 0.05. The yield of CH280BrBr shows a slight decrease at the beginning of moderation and then tends to increase with further moderation. These facts suggest an additional formation of CH2-80BrBr via a thermal ionic process in highly-moderated systems. When the concentration of Br2 is varied in the system containing 10 cmHg of CH4 and from 40 to 36 cmHg of Kr, the yield of CH280BrBr first increases and then decreases, showing a broad maximum. This dependence not only partly explains the inconsistence of the present results with those previously reported, but also suggests the competition of two types of reaction in its formation. One must be the reaction of a radioactive radical with Br2, leading to the formation of CH280BrBr:
·CH280Br+Br2→CH280BrBr.
The other type of reaction is a scavenging reaction of Br2 for the reacting 80Br atom.
The Crystal and Molecular Structure of meso-2,4-Pentanediol Borate
Authors: Kuribayashi Shunsuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystals of meso-2,4-pentanediol borate are monoclinic with a space group of C2/c. There are eight molecules in the unit cell with dimensions of: a=15.36, b=13.53, c=7.68 Å, and β=113.3°. The crystal structure was determined by the X-ray method. The final discrepancy index is 0.121 for 1030 non-zero reflections. The molecule has a six-membered ring composed of one boron, three carbon, and two oxygen atoms. The borate group and the two carbon atoms of the pentane group are nearly co-planar. The five carbon atoms are also co-planar, and they are in trans positions. The molecule was proved to be of the meso type.
Mercury-Photosensitized Decomposition of Ethylbenzene
Authors: Mikuni Hitoshi , Takase Azuma , Murano Motohiro , Takahasi Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The decomposition of ethylbenzene sensitized by Hg(3P1) was studied in gas phase. Hydrogen, methane and ethane were obtained as the main gaseous products. Their rates of formation were determined as a function of the pressure of ethylbenzene or xenon. To decide whether methyl or ethyl radical is the primary product in the photolysis, ethylbenzene-β-d1 was photolyzed. It was concluded that methyl radical is the primary product, since methane-d1 and ehane-d2 were obtained as products. A probable reaction mechanism is proposed to interpret the effect of pressure and light intensity on the rate of formation of ethane and methane. It is suggested that a biphotonic process is involved, which can explain the fact that the rate of formation of ethane is proportional to the square of light intensity.
Conductometric Determination of Ion-association Constants for Magnesium and Nickel Sulfates in Aqueous Solutions at Various Temperatures between 0°C and 45°C
Authors: Katayama Shunzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Thermodynamic equilibrium constants for the ion-association in aqueous solutions of magnesium and nickel sulfates were determined by electrical conductivity measurements at various temperatures between 0°C and 45°C. The standard Gibbs energy and the enthalpy and entropy for the reaction M2++SO42−\ightleftharpoonsM2+·SO42− (M: Mg or Ni) were then calculated from the temperature-dependence of the ion-association constants. The values obtained are as follows: ΔG°298=−2.91 kcal mol−1, ΔH°=2.04 kcal mol−1, and ΔS°298=16.6 cal deg−1 mol−1 for Mg2·SO42−; and ΔG°298=−3.10 kcal mol−1, ΔH°=1.27 kcal mol−1, and ΔS°298=14.7 cal deg−1 mol−1 for Ni2+·SO42−.
Orbital Symmetry Control in the Interaction of Three Systems
Authors: Fujimoto Hiroshi , Kato Shigeki , Yamabe Shinichi , Fukui Kenichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Some perturbation equations for calculating the interaction energy of three independent systems have been derived in the frame of the simple Hückel MO approximation. The results of the numerical calculation of some typical interactions of three conjugated systems are presented in order to show the effect of the orbital symmerty upon the interaction energy. The role of the d orbitals of transition-metal catalysis olefin metathesis is examined.
Kinetics of Oxygen Exchange between Selenate Ions and Water
Authors: Okumura Akiko , Okazaki Nobukazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate of oxygen exchange between selenate ions and solvent water has been measured by using oxygen-18 as a tracer. At 30°C in the concentration range of [H2SeO4]=0.57–1.5 M, and at 80°C in the region of pH=1.0–2.3, the rate may be expressed as R=k1[H+][HSeO4−]. The values of the energy and entropy of activation are 23.1 kcal/mol and −5.0 e.u.(80°C) at pH=1.12, and 21.8 kcal/mol and −9.9 e.u.(30°C) at [H2SeO4]=1.64 M. An A–2 mechanism has been suggested for this path. Above ca 1.5 M H2SeO4, an additional rate term proportional to [H2SeO4]2 comes into play.
14N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonances of 2-Aminopyrimidine
Authors: Negita Hisao , Shibata Kaoru , Kubo Tsuneo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Four nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) lines due to 14N nuclei of the ring nitrogens in 2-aminopyrimidine were paired for the powder sample by use of a frequency-modulated spectrometer and a Helmholtz coil for the Zeeman field (H). NQR parameters e2Qq=3707.2 kHz and η=0.0646 were obtained for one nitrogen, and e2Qq=3759.6 kHz and η=0.0329 for the other. Moreover, the frequency of the lower line of a pair of lines for the amino nitrogen was predicted from the shift of the higher line subjected to the Zeeman field in a single crystal. The region around the expected position was carefully swept and a very weak line was found at 2357.8 kHz. Thus e2Qq=3428.0 kHz and η=0.2488 were deduced for the amino nitrogen. The quadrupole coupling constant for the amino nitrogen in 2-aminopyrimidine was smaller than that for the amino nitrogen in 2-aminopyridine. The asymmetry parameter for the amino nitrogen in 2-aminopyrimidine was smaller than that for the amino nitrogen in 2-aminopyridine and roughly equal to that for the amino nitrogen in aniline.
The Adiabatic Compressibility of Nonelectrolyte Aqueous Solutions in Relation to the Structures of Water and Solutions
Authors: Endo Harumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The sound velocity (V) and density of aqueous solutions of urea, dimethylurea, thiourea, acetamide, acetone, and dimethylformamide have been measured, and the adiabatic compressibility (β) has been calculated at various concentrations (μ: mole fraction). The β-μ curves and V-μ curves at various temperatures have a common intersection at the fixed concentrations of μcβ and μcV respectively. At these concentrations, the compressibility (βc) and the sound velocity (Vc) of a solution are independent of the temperature over a certain range. When βc is plotted against the mole ratio, rcβ=(water)/(solute) at μcβ, the plots for acetyl-derivatives fall on one straight line, and those for urea-derivatives, on another line. In the cases of acetone and ethanol, the rcβ values of these solutes coincide with the number of water molecules constituting the framework of the solid clathrate hydrate. Also, for the other aqueous solutions, it may be reasonable to conclude that the rcβ value corresponds to the number of water molecules constituting some other type of liquid-clathrate hydrate characteristic of each solute.
Structure of Ethylene Oxide Oligomer Complexes. IV. Infrared Study of CH3O(CH2CH2O)mCH3–HgCl2 Complexes
Authors: Iwamoto Reikichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared spectra of CH3O(CH2CH2O)mCH3 (m=1–4) in their crystalline complexes with HgCl2 have been measured. There is no significant regular variation of band frequencies depending upon m. Molecular conformations of the compounds in the complexes have been concluded to be CH3–O\undersetT–CH2\undersetG–CH2\undersetT–O\undersetT–CH2\underset\barG–CH2\undersetT–O–CH3 for m=2 and CH3–O\undersetT–CH2\undersetG–CH2\undersetT–O\undersetT–CH2\underset\barG–CH2\undersetT–O\undersetT–CH2\undersetG–CH2\undersetT–O–CH3 for m=3 from molecular structures for m=1 and 4.
Magnetic Properties of Some Iminoxyl Polyradicals. V. EPR Studies of the TEMPAD Biradical
Authors: Nakajima Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The EPR of pure and diluted crystals of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4)azine-1,1′-dioxyl (the TEMPAD biradical) was studied. From the spectra of the diluted cyrstal, the intra- and inter-molecular dipole-dipole interactions were identified. The crystal-field parameters of the intra-molecular coupling determined for the EPR spectra were: |D|⁄hc\simeq0.00477 cm−1 and |E|⁄hc\simeq0.00032 cm−1 and two kinds of principal axes were found. As the z-axis of the intra-molecular dipole-dipole coupling is in the direction connecting two N–O bonds in a molecule, the TEMPAD molecules in a unit cell may be said to occupy two different sites. The crystal-field parameters of the inter-molecular dipole-dipole coupling were determined to be: |D′|⁄hc∼0.012 cm−1 and |E′|⁄hc∼0.003 cm−1 and the z-axis of the tensor was in the direction of the a-axis. The assumed molecular-stack model could account for the aforementioned results. The EPR spectra of the pure TEMPAD biradical are one symmetrical Lorentzian line in all the directions; the angular dependence of the peak-to-peak linewidths was explained by means of the term of the inter-molecular dipole-dipole interaction obtained from the spectra of the diluted crystal using the three-dimensional Anderson-Weiss formula. The exchange parameter for the best-fit curve was of the order of magnitude of the weak exchange interaction estimated roughly from the small Weiss constant appearing in the paramagnetic susceptibility of the diluted crystals.
The Salting-out Adsorption of Isomeric Butyl Alcohols by Macroreticular Resin
Authors: Hishinuma Kie , \={O}ki Hideo , Kurokawa Y\={o}ichi , Yui Norio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The salting-out adsorption of isomeric butyl alcohols on Amberlite (200) type designated as the macroreticular ion-exchange resin (MR type) was studied. On the basis of the difference in the salting-out effect of isomers, the separation of the isomer mixture in a dilute aqueous solution was attempted by using an aqueous ammonium sulfate solution as an eluent and the MR resin as a stationary phase. It seems that MR resin as the stationary phase is inadequate for the salting-out chromatography of isomeric butyl alcohols.
Formation of Uranium Nitride by the Reaction of Uranium Hydride with Nitrogen and Ammonia
Authors: Tagawa Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The hydrogenation of uranium metal and the nitrogenation of uranium and its hydride with either nitrogen or ammonia have been studied using thermogravimetry. The reactions were examined at different pressures of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia. The reaction of uranium with hydrogen takes place at 200°C and proceeds quickly above 210°C. The conversion curve depends greatly on the hydrogen pressure. In the reaction of the hydride with nitrogen, the weight gain occurs at about 160°C and becomes fast above 240°C. The reaction is shown to proceed in two steps: the formation of the mononitride and that of the sesquinitride. The reaction between uranium hydride and ammonia begins at 150°C and becomes rapid above 300°C. The reaction proceeds monotonously, and no step is observed. The nitrogenation behavior of uranium hydride with ammonia is found to be quite different from that in reaction with nitrogen.
The Determination of Beryllium in Several Alloys by Means of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Authors: Nakahara Taketoshi , Munemori Makoto , Musha Sôichirô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of beryllium in aqueous solutions and the effect of some water-miscible organic solvents were studied in a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame, using a Perkin-Elmer Model 303 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The beryllium atomic absorptions were measured at the 234.9-nm resonance line of beryllium. The sensitivity for beryllium was 0.03 ppm for a 1% absorption. With the exception of palladium and silicon, none of the elements interfered with the determination of beryllium. Phosphoric acid caused an enhancement, while hydrochloric and nitric acids had a slight depressing effect. Furthermore, there seems to be a tendency for organic solvents with a higher ratio of the number of carbon atoms to that of oxygen atoms to cause greater enhancements in beryllium absorption, though there are a good number of exceptions. The atomic absorption method was applied to the determination of beryllium in several aluminum-, copper-, and magnesium-base alloys, with satisfactory results.
Effects of Pressure on the Chemical Properties of Solid Surface. VI. The Surface Acidity of the Compressed Zinc Sulfate
Authors: Kawakami Takeshi , Usui Akira , Ogino Yoshisada 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to clarify the mechanism of the acidity change due to compression, zinc sulfate was compressed under various pressures, ranging from 0 to 7000 kg/cm2, and the surface acidity was measured and compared with the data of the structural change in the sample. According to the experimental results, the surface acidity varied on compression. At lower compacting pressures (P∼2500 kg/cm2), the content of weak acid (H0=1.5–3.3) was high and that of the strong acid was poor. These facts were explained by the higher content of anion-water, or heptahydrate, in the sample. In the pressure region of P=2500&lt;5500 kg/cm2, the acidity-pressure curve showed a maximum at 4500 kg/cm2. Further, in this pressure range, the acidity-pressure curve paralleled well the respective curves of the X-ray peak width of hexahydrate pressure, the relative intensity of the IR v1(SO42−)-pressure, and the half width of the IR v3(SO42−)-pressure. It was considered that the acidity change in this pressure range is caused by the change in the content of the distorted structural unit of hexahydrate in the sample. In the highest pressure range, the content of weak acid was found to increase, whereas the content of strong acid was found to decrease. These results were discussed by considering the increased inclusion of tetrahydrate in the sample.
A Study of the Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. XVI. The Effect of the Bi2O3 Content in the MoO3-Bi2O3-P2O5 Catalysts on the Oxidation of Various Olefins, Acids, and Aldehydes
Authors: Ai Mamoru , Suzuki Sadao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The vapor-phase oxidation of various kinds of olefins, acids, aldehydes, etc. was carried out in a flow system over a series of MoO3–Bi2O3–P2O5 catalysts with different Bi/Mo ratios (P/Mo=0.2 atomic ratio) under fixed reaction conditions, in order to elucidate how the oxidation of these compounds is affected by the Bi2O3 content in the catalysts. The oxidation activity for these compounds varies in different individual manners as the Bi2O3 content increases. The results were interpreted successfully on the basis of the acid-base nature of the reactant and the catalyst. Then, the relationship between the character of the partial oxidations and the nature of the catalysts was discussed.
The Condensation Reactions of 5-Azidotropolone Derivatives with Active Methylene Compounds
Authors: Horino Hiroshi , Toda Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of 5-azidotropolone (I), its methyl ether (II), and tosylate (XIII) with active methylene compounds were investigated. Several tropolones and azulenes which possess the 1,2,3-triazole ring as a substituent were obtained. The order of reactivities in these reactions were found to be: tropolone tosyl groups&gt;azido groups&gt;tropolone methyl ether groups. The direction of the addition of the azido groups to active methylene compounds was also clarified.
The Reaction of O,O′-Diethyl α-Lithiomethylphosphonate with Organic Dihalides
Authors: Oshima Koichiro , Shirafuji Tamio , Yamamoto Hisashi , Nozaki Hitosi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of the α-lithio derivative of diethyl methylphosphonate with various organic halides are described. The half-reduction of gem-dihalocyclopropanes has been achieved with this reagent. The same reagent gives bibenzyl and tetraphenylethane from benzyl bromide and benzhydryl chloride respectively. The deprotonation-metallation process is observed in the reactions of cinnamyl chloride and of trans-β-bromostyrene, in which 3-chloro-1,6-diphenyl-1,5-hexadiene and 1,4-diphenyl-3-buten-1-yne are produced respectively.
Derivatives of Cyclic Disulfides. II. Alkaline Hydrolysis of 1,2-Dithiaacenaphthene S-Oxide
Authors: Tamagaki Seizo , Hirota Hiroo , Oae Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The alkaline hydrolysis of 1,2-Dithiaacenaphthene S-oxide has been investigated kinetically, its reactivity being compared with that of its open-chain analog, phenyl benzenethiolsulflnate. The rate was found to be of first order with respect to both hydroxide and the ester. 1,2-Dithiaacenaphthene S-oxide was found to be hydrolyzed 103 times more slowly than the open-chain analog in an alkaline medium. The reduced reactivity was interpreted on the basis of structural rigidity.
New Agents for t-Butyloxycarbonylation and p-Methoxybenzyloxycarbonylation of Amino Acids
Authors: Nagasawa Takeshi , Kuroiwa Katsumasa , Narita Kouichi , Isowa Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new method for the preparation of t-butyloxycarbonyl amino acids and p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl amino acids has been devised. The former was obtained in satisfactory yields from amino acids and t-butyl S-4,6-dimethylpyrimid-2-ylthiocarbonate prepared from t-butyl alcohol and (4,6-dimethylpyrimid-2-ylthio)corbonyl chloride in dry pyridine, and the latter was also obtained from amino acids and p-methoxybenzyl S-4,6-dimethylpyrimid-2-ylthiocarbonate from p-methoxybenzyl alcohol and (S-4,6-dimethylpyrimid-2-ylthio)carbonyl chloride. These t-butyloxycarbonylation and p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonylation of amino acids are more convenient than the usual methods.
Effects of Pressure on the Chemical Properties of Solid Surfaces. VII. Surface Basicities of Some Compressed Carbonates and Related Compounds
Authors: Baba Shoe , Ogino Yoshisada 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of the compacting pressure on the surface basicities of solids, experiments were carried out by employing various carbonates, hydroxides, and oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as samples. That is, compacting pressures ranging from 0 to 15000 kg/cm2 were applied to these samples, and the changes in the surface basicities were observed using an indicator method. It was observed that the surface basicities of various solid vary on compression. Further, the respective basicity change in cadmium carbonate, calcite, and aragonite could be explained by the change in the surface area of each of these samples. On the other hand, the basicity changes of both strontium carbonate and barium carbonate could be explained thus only with difficulty. From the results of the X-ray-diffraction study and the electron-diffraction study, the changes in the crystal structures of these samples were suspected of causing the basicity changes due to compressions. According to the results of infrared spectroscopic studies, changes in the symmetry around carbonate ions in the sample crystals were considered to be the cause of the basicity changes in strontium cabonate and barium carbonate.
Total Syntheses of Antimycin A3 and Its Diastereomer
Authors: Kinoshita Mitsuhiro , Aburaki Shinpei , Wada Masao , Umezawa Sumio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Natural antimycin A3 (1A) and its diastereomer (1B) were synthesized. By the syntheses, the correlations between configurations of the enantiomeric 2-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-isovaleryloxypentanoic acids present in the dilactone moieties of 1A and 1B, and those of natural (+)blastmycinone (+)7a and its enantiomer (−)7a were confirmed. The absolute configuration of 1B was also determined.
Adsorption of Organic Polymers on Platinum Electrode
Authors: Ohsaka Tetsuya , Abe Yasuyuki , Yoshida Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The adsorption behavior of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethyleneglycol (PEG), and alkylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanols (Triton X) on a smooth platinum electrode was investigated by observation of the inhibition effect on the electrosorption of hydrogen and oxygen in the potential range between hydrogen and oxygen evolution. The adsorption of PVP, PEG, and Triton X on platinum always took place within the potential range from −0.20 to 1.25 V vs. SCE, the inhibition effect on the electrosorption of hydrogen and oxygen being distinctly shown. The order of inhibition of these adsorbates was Triton X&gt;PVP&gt;PEG. The inhibition effect became larger in most cases with decreasing mean molecular weight of adsorbate. In contrast to the case with a mercury, the adsorbates were oxidized or reduced on the platinum electrode in the adsorption range, the anodic peak due to oxidation being distinctly revealed in the case of PEG.
Ultraviolet Spectra of Hydrazide Solutions and Their Hydrolysis. I. Hydrolysis of Formhydrazide in Acid Solutions
Authors: Mashima Mitsuo , Ikeda Fujiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The protonation constant 1.99 of formhydrazide (pKBH+) has been obtained from measurements of its ultraviolet absorption in dilute sulfuric acid. From the absorption in concentrated sulphuric and perchloric acids, the apparent first-order rate constants of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis have been determined. The reaction mechanism of rate-determining steps has been proposed by means of the plots of Zucker-Hammett and Bunnett.