bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal variables comparison between drop jump and horizontal drop jump in elite jumpers and sprinters
Authors: Montoro-Bombú Raynier , Miranda-Oliveira Paulo , Valamatos Maria João , João Filipa , Buurke Tom JW , Cupido Santos Amândio , Rama Luis 
Published: February 2024

Background
General expectations speculated that there are differences between drop jump (DJ) and horizontal drop jump (HDJ) exercises. While these criteria may be valid, we have yet to find a report that explores these differences in competitive level athletes.

Objective
The study aimed to compare spatiotemporal variables in the drop jump (DJ) vs. the horizontal drop jump (HDJ) in elite jumpers and sprinters.

Methods
Sixteen international-level male athletes performed two DJ attempts at different fall heights 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 m (DJ30, DJ40, and DJ50), and after 2 h, they performed two HDJ attempts (HDJ30, HDJ40, HDJ50). All jumps were performed on a Kistler force plate. The variables analyzed were ground contact time (GCT), flight time (FT), eccentric phase time, concentric phase time, and time to peak concentric force.

Results
The GCT was found to be significantly shorter in DJ vs. HDJ (Z = 4.980; p = 0.0001; ES = 3.11). FT was significantly lower in DJ30 versus HDJ30 (Z = 4.845; p = 0.0001, d = 3.79), but significantly higher in DJ40 vs. HDJ40 (Z = 4.437; p ≤ 0.0001, d = 3.70) and in DJ50 vs. HDJ50 (Z = 4.549; p ≤ 0.0001, d = 4.72).

Conclusions
It is concluded that the HDJ requires more time for force production, that the eccentric component requires more time than the concentric and that it is not recommended to use the HDJ over the DJ for reactive purposes. This is the first study that comprehensively compare the differences between DJ and HDJ, which will assist coaches and researchers in the design of future training strategies.
A Gendered Perspective on Household Dietary Diversity Status in Mbinga District, Tanzania
Authors: Mbunda Kastory A. , Ndunguru Fredy E. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: This study examines household dietary diversity in Mbinga District, Tanzania, focusing on under-fives, examining sources of household food, gender relations, and differences in dietary scores among female-headed and male-headed households.
Methodology: The study adopted a cross sectional research design where by a total of 150 heads of households whose children aged 0 - 59 months were assessed. A structured questionnaire and interview checklist were administered to collect data from heads of the households and key informants respectively. Data were coded and analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme and STATA. An Independent two-sample t-test was used to differentiate the sources of household food and status of dietary diversity between the female-headed and male-headed households.
Results: Out of 150 households, 74% secure food from farm harvests, 26% rely on purchase, and starchy staple foods are the most consumed, while poultry, milk, dairy, and flesh foods are least consumed. Cereals, roots, and tubers were the most common staple foods in the studied community, and they had the highest score of 98.7%, whereas poultry products scored 3.3%. The independent sample t-test revealed that, there was a significant difference in the consumption score of flesh foods in male-headed households (M = 4.39, SD = 1.74), and female-headed households (M = 1.26, SD = 0.44); t = 5.28, p = 0.000. Similarly, there was a significant difference in the consumption score of poultry products in female-headed households (M = 2.65, SD = 0.44), and male-headed households (M = 5.26, SD = 1.71); t = 6.34, p = 0.000. Moreover, a significant difference in the consumption of milk and dairy products such as chicken and eggs was found in female-headed households (M = 1.54, SD = 0.30) and male-headed households (M = 4.54, SD = 1.80) (t = 2.014, p = 0.010).
Conclusion and Recommendations: The study comes to the conclusion that, in the Mbinga District, there are variations in the dietary diversity of households according to household headship. Female-headed households had low dietary diversity as compared to male-headed households. The primary food source for households was the harvest from farms, with male-headed households making up the majority of purchases due to their relative economic wellness compared to female-headed households. As a result, nutritional diversity in households varied according to family headship. The Tanzanian government should develop gender-responsive sensitization programs to ensure equal access to food, resources, education, and economic opportunities for both men and women. Addressing insufficient household dietary diversity requires collecting and integrating data on national food security and nutrition statistics, fostering collaboration, and empowering unprivileged women. Additionally, the Tanzania Social Action Fund should support female-headed households, particularly those with abandoned male heads.
Spatial Dynamics of Land Use Land Cover of Minna City and Environs, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaerema, P.  , Jiya, S. N.  , Oye, I.  , Adama, C. K.  , Jibrin, A. M  , Muhammad, M. I  
Published: February 2024

Aims: Spatial dynamics of land use land cover of Minna city and environs, Niger State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Survey and longitudinal research were carried out.
Place and Duration of Study: Minna town, Niger State, Nigeria between 1990 and 2022.
Methodology: This study investigated the dynamics of land use land cover of Minna city and environs, Niger State, Nigeria using satellite remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) technique.
Results: Findings of the study showed that in 1990, land use type was dominated by agricultural land (50%), followed by vegetation land (30%). However, built-up area was less than 10% indicating that urban heat stress was limited. It was observed that the built-up area concentrated on the center and north-western segments of the city. In 2010, bare ground dominated the land use type of Minna city and environs at the rate of 45%. This was followed by agricultural land at the rate of 35%. The built-up area occupied 15% of the entire land surface area of the city, indicating a tremendous rise from the previous decades. In 2022, the land use type showed a tremendous rise in agricultural land at the rate of 37%. This was followed by bare ground at an alarming increase of 36%. The built-up area ranked third at the rate of 20%, showing that the city had a severe urban heat effect due to heat generated by urban pavement materials.
Conclusion: Thus, the practice of sustainable land use, good implementation of forest practice, appropriate water resources conservation and the promotion of alternative livelihood to agriculture should be implemented for the Minna inhabitants to reverse the situation of LULC changes without further delay.
Evaluation of Farmers Knowledge, Vulnerability and Adapting Capacity to Climate Change: A Scenario in Bundelkhand Region
Authors: Meena M. K. 
Published: February 2024

Agriculture production in the Bundelkhand region is highly vulnerable to the climate change. To examine the perception, awareness, extent of knowledge on climate change and its impact on agriculture production with coping strategies, a research study was conducted with randomly selected, 70 sample farmers household from two villages of Datia district. More than 80 per cent farmer feels that climate change is serious issue, and it affects water availability and crop production. 77 percent respondents from watershed area expressed their view, that climate change reduced crop yield followed by the reduction in milk yield, disease and pest incidence, rainfall reduction and environment effect. Results shows that respondents of Jigna village (under watershed area) are reported to be more aware about impact of climate change (temp., rainfall, wind velocity) as compared to Dalipura village. Farmers from both villages were reported deforestation, intensified industrialize and air pollution as reason for consequence of climate change. Intensify research efforts and Enlightenment campaign as efforts to overcome climate change are reported by majority of respondents. Changes in existing cropping pattern and soil-water conservation measures suggested as coping-strategies for climate change.
Transcutaneous Nylon Suture Versus Transcutaneous Skin Stapling for Closure of Midline Incision in Elective Abdominal Surgery: Assessment of Surgical Site Infections and Cosmesis in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility
Authors: Owolabi Omolaiye A. , Dongo Andrew , Alatise Olusegun , Ogbetere Friday Emeakpor 
Published: February 2024

Background: Wound closure is as important as any other procedure done by the surgeon. Skin staples are an alternate method to regular sutures in offering an aesthetically acceptable scar in abdominal surgeries.
Objectives: To compare the clinical outcome of staples versus nylon in skin closure of elective midline incision in laparotomy patients in terms of superficial surgical site infection and scar cosmesis.
Materials and methods: This was a prospective comparative hospital-based study. Sixty -six patients who met the criteria were randomized into two equal groups. Group A had their incision closed with skin staples while Group B had their incision closed with nylon suture. The post operative outcomes of the wounds were documented.
Data collection and analysis: A proforma prepared for the purpose of this study was used to collect data. Data analysis was done using the SPSS 22 for windows SPSS Inc. Chicago Illinois. Calculations of mean and standard deviation were done. Associations between variables were tested for statistical significance. For all statistical test p<0.05 was significant. Results were displayed using tables.
Results: There was no superficial surgical site infection in both groups, however scar cosmesis was better in the group A with low mean POSAS total score than group B.
Conclusion: Scar cosmesis was close to normal in group A, with no superficial surgical site infection in elective midline laparotomy incision closure in both groups.
Droplets population balance in a rotating disc contactor: An inverse problem approach
Authors: Vikhansky A. , Kraft M. , Simon M. , Schmidt S. , Bart H.‐J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAn inverse problems method is applied to a two‐phase liquid–liquid system in a rotating disc contactor (RDC). The dispersed phase is modeled by population balance equations, which are solved by a Monte Carlo method, together with the equations for the parametric derivatives of the solution with respect to the parameters of the model. The best‐fitting problem is solved by a gradient search method. Because the inverse problem is ill‐posed, the iteration procedure is augmented by an appropriate termination criterion to stabilize the calculations. The parametric derivatives of the solution can be used to quantify the relative importance of different parameters of the model. It is shown that the model's parameters, which are identified on one set of the experimental data, adequately describe the behavior of the system under another unfitted operation condition, that is, the proposed method can be applied to scale‐up problems. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Assessment of occupational eye injury risk and severity: An analysis of Rhode Island workers' compensation data 1998–2002
Authors: McCall Brian P. , Horwitz Irwin B. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundOccupational eye injuries have been recognized as a serious health risk to workers and are in need of further investigation to develop effective interventions.MethodsRhode Island workers' compensation claims of ocular injury between 1998 through 2002 (n = 8,877) were examined. The Current Population Survey was used to estimate occupational employment levels as a baseline for rate calculations.ResultsThe estimated ocular injury claim rate was 32.9 per 10,000 workers (95% CI = 32.3–33.6), with the cost of claims totaling $1,514,666 and averaging $171 per claim. The highest estimated claim rate of all occupations was found for construction laborers of 373.7 per 10,000 workers (95% CI = 267.1–480.3). Relative to the durable manufacturing industry, the highest risk of injury resulting in disability indemnification was the wholesale trade industry (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.19–4.01,P < 0.05).ConclusionsMany of the eye injuries reported were likely preventable. Greater diligence, training, and safety precautions are needed to reduce the risk of eye injury to employees. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:45–53, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developing search strategies in Medline on the occupational origin of diseases
Authors: Schaafsma Frederieke , Hulshof Carel , Verbeek Jos , Bos Jurriaan , Dyserinck Heleen , van Dijk Frank 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundIn order to support occupational health practitioners, researchers, and experts (clinical librarians, guideline developers) who search the scientific literature in PubMed (Medline), we developed and evaluated an easy‐to‐use and effective search strategy.MethodsWe tested different combinations of search terms, in answering four case vignettes calculating sensitivity and precision in retrieving literature from a gold standard. The use of the Clinical Queries filter from PubMed was evaluated. Based on the outcomes, we developed guidelines for a professional search strategy, using a flow chart.ResultsFor the occupational health practitioner, we found a sensitivity of at least 65% with a precision of 20%, when terms for occupation and type of industry were combined with terms for disease. For the occupational health expert, a high sensitivity of more than 90% was found adding terms for risk factors to the strategy. Combining the search terms with the sensitive Clinical Queries etiology filter in PubMed, enhanced the precision. Using the specific Clinical Queries etiology filter in PubMed results in a substantial loss of relevant articles.ConclusionsTo search for studies on the occupational origin of diseases in Medline, we propose to start with the proper name for the occupational disease. If this does not exist, use a specific term for the occupation and type of industry in combination with terms for disease. To improve the sensitivity of the search, a search term for the specific risk factor should be added. If there is no relevant occupational title available, it is worth trying the general search terms occupational diseases or occupational risk. Am. J. Ind. Med., 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Re: Evaluation of the size and type of free particulates collected from unused asbestos‐containing brake components as related to potential for respirability
Authors: Paustenbach Dennis J. , Finley Brent L. , Sheehan Patrick J. , Brorby Gregory P. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundIn Atkinson et al. 2004 rinsates of unused brake components were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the presence of asbestos fibers.ResultsWe do not believe that the findings of Atkinson et al. are informative and could have been predicted based on the study design and the fact that one would expect to find measurable TEM asbestos fibers on an unused brake component. We also find that the paper did not provide a full or even partial discussion of the published literature with respect to industrial hygiene or epidemiology data.ConclusionThe findings of Atkinson et al. do not, in our view, “further raise concerns” about historical asbestos exposures experienced by automotive mechanics because of the vast amount of published literature to the contrary. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:60–61, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Policemen and firefighters have increased risk for type‐2 diabetes mellitus probably due to their large body mass index: A follow‐up study in Japanese men
Authors: Nagaya Teruo , Yoshida Hideyo , Takahashi Hidekatsu , Kawai Makoto 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundPolicemen/firefighters may have increased risk for mortality from ischemic heart disease and from all causes. We compare incidence of type‐2 diabetes mellitus (DM), a well‐known predictor for mortality, in policemen/firefighters with that in two other worker‐groups.MethodsA follow‐up study of 5,130 healthy Japanese men aged 30–49 years at baseline consisted of three worker‐groups; 3,111 clerical workers, 1,122 manual/production and transport/communication workers, and 897 policemen/firefighters. Incident DM was identified by “fasting serum glucose ≥7.00 mmol/L” or/and “under medical treatment for DM.” Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for incident DM was estimated by Cox's proportional hazard models using clerical workers as a reference group (HR = 1.00). Baseline age, body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), drinking, smoking, exercise, and education were computed as confounders.ResultsDuring mean follow‐up periods of 8.4 years, 155 clerical workers, 51 manual/production and transport/communication workers, and 74 policemen/firefighters had incident DM (5.9, 5.7, and 9.6 per 1,000 person‐years, respectively; P = 0.001 by χ2‐test). Policemen/firefighters had significantly increased risk for incident DM against clerical workers (age‐adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.65 (1.25, 2.18)), but the significance disappeared after adjustments for BMI (age‐ and BMI‐adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.16 (0.87, 1.54)). Manual/production and transport/communication workers had no increased risk.ConclusionsPolicemen/firefighters have increased risk for DM probably due to their large BMI. Body weight control may be more efficient for prevention of DM and DM‐related health problems in policemen/firefighters than in other workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:30–35, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The prevalence of and risk factors for back pain among home care nursing personnel in Hong Kong
Authors: Cheung Kin , Gillen Marion , Faucett Julia , Krause Niklas 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundThere is a large gap in research with regard to back pain (BP) among home care nursing personnel (HCNP); only seven studies have been conducted worldwide. There is a need to identify the magnitude of and risk factors for BP that are unique to Hong Kong (HK) HCNP.MethodsA total population sampling technique was employed in this cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression analyses were used to control for potentially confounding variables.ResultsThe 12‐month prevalence of upper and lower BP was 71.2% (n = 265). Three predictors were identified: physical risk factors in the office (OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.55–8.24), static postures (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.04–1.90), and psychological job demands (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.01–1.22).ConclusionHCNP in HK have a high prevalence of BP. BP in HK HCNP is independently attributable to physical work factors in the office, static postures, and psychological job demands, and is not primarily associated with patient lifting and transferring which are traditionally identified as risk factors for BP in hospital nursing personnel. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:14–22, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of future mortality from pleural malignant mesothelioma in Japan based on an age‐cohort model
Authors: Murayama Takehiko , Takahashi Ken , Natori Yuji , Kurumatani Norio 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundJapanese consumption of asbestos increased rapidly after the 1950s and lingered at a high level while the world's consumption decreased substantially after the 1980s. Mesothelioma is due primarily to asbestos, and the number of deaths in Japan is expected to increase in the future.MethodWe estimated the future number of pleural mesothelioma deaths among males in Japan using an age‐cohort model.ResultsAnalyses showed that there would be about 100,000 deaths in Japan due to pleural mesothelioma in the next 40 years. Compared with the statistics in European countries, the ratio of expected death numbers to the population size is remarkably close to linear. The data‐point for Japan was slightly lower than that which could be expected from the linear relationship.ConclusionsThe limited availability of data may result in underestimation. Taking into consideration the consumption pattern of asbestos in recent decades, the incorporation of later cohorts will improve the estimation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 49:1–7, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Skin symptoms and work‐related skin symptoms among grape farmers in Crete, Greece
Authors: Chatzi Leda , Alegakis Athanasios , Krüger‐Krasagakis Sabine , Lionis Christos 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundGrape farmers are exposed to a variety of agents capable of inducing occupational skin disease. We conducted a study to measure the prevalence of skin symptoms and work‐related skin symptoms among grape farmers in the Malevisi region of Crete and to provide data on associated risk factors.MethodsOne hundred twenty grape farmers and 100 controls participated in the study. The protocol consisted of a questionnaire, skin prick tests for 16 common allergens, and measurement of specific IgE antibodies against 8 allergens.ResultsSelf‐reported itchy rash (OR, 2.31; 95%CI, 1.10–4.84, P < 0.05) within the last 12 months, and work‐related itchy rash (OR, 4.08; 95%CI, 1.01–20.33, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in grape farmers than in controls, after adjusting for age and sex. Sensitization to pollens (OR, 4.20; 95% CI, 1.41–12.82, P < 0.01) and allergic rhinitis (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.21–8.28, P < 0.05) were found to be significantly associated with self‐reported itchy rash in the grape farmers group.ConclusionsGrape farmers reported skin symptoms more frequently than non‐exposed controls, and IgE‐mediated sensitization to pollens was found to be significantly associated with the reported symptoms. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of specific occupational agents on skin diseases among grape farmers. Am. J. Ind. Med., 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptations to humeral torsion in medieval Britain
Authors: Rhodes Jill A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAdaptations to the humeral torsion angle have been identified in the professional throwing athlete. This movement pattern increases the humeral torsion angle, and also increases the extent of external rotation movements in the dominant, throwing limb when compared with the nondominant limb. The purpose of this paper is to test the hypothesis that the humeral torsion angle is an adaptation to upper limb use. This project examines the humeral torsion angle in a number of medieval British populations, as well as a modern cadaver‐based sample. The results identify significant differences in the humeral torsion angle both between and within male (P < 0.001, ANOVA) and female (P < 0.014, ANOVA) populations, although the results are not consistent with expected behavior patterns. Statistically significant differences between males and females within the same site were identified in 2 of the 5 samples examined. The mean level of bilateral asymmetry does not approach that reported for the professional throwing athlete. However, a number of individuals have high levels of asymmetry in excess of that identified in the professional throwing athlete. This analysis demonstrates the need for individual rather than population‐based analyses, as the heterogeneity within population samples obscures individual variation in activity patterns. The diversity within British medieval society and a lack of specific known behaviors prevent further identification of the functional significance of the humeral torsion angle within the archaeological record examined here. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.