bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prealbumin and retinol binding protein serum concentrations in the indiana type hereditary amyloidosis
Authors: Benson Merrill D. , Dwulet Francis E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum prealbumin and retinol binding protein (RBP) concentrations were determined for 68 members of a kindred in Indiana with a familial type of systemic amyloidosis. Immunohistochemical studies on rectal and muscle biopsy material from individuals with this type of amyloidosis revealed staining of amyloid deposits with anti‐prealbumin. Both the serum prealbumin and RBP concentrations were significantly depressed in 9 patients with amyloidosis when compared with normal controls and unaffected kin. In addition, the mean RBP serum concentration of 21 offspring of the patients with amyloidosis was significantly depressed. A more significant finding was that on the basis of the serum RBP concentrations, the offspring could be divided into 2 distinct groups. One group represented approximately 50% of the children and had serum prealbumin and RBP concentrations not significantly different from their afflicted parents. The second group had serum prealbumin and RBP concentrations not significantly different from those of normal controls and non‐affected kin. These findings show that prealbumin and RBP serum concentrations are depressed in patients with the Indiana type of hereditary amyloidosis and that these serum abnormalities may be present long before development of clinical disease. They suggest that individuals with this genetic abnormality may be identified prior to clinical expression of the disease.
Temporomandibular joint involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Jonsson Roland , Lindvall Ann‐Marie , Nyberg Gudrun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTemporomandibular joint involvement was studied in 37 systemic lupus erythematosus patients not selected with regard to this involvement. One‐third had current complaints and two‐thirds had a history of severe symptoms. Objective findings indicating systemic lupus erythematosus arthritis were locking or dislocation, tenderness to palpation, and pain on movement of the mandible. Such changes were found in 8 patients (22%) but in none of the healthy controls. Radiographic changes of the condyles, including flattenings, erosions, osteophytes, and sclerosis, were seen in 11 patients (30%), 4 of whom had deformity of other joints as well.
Computed tomography and conventional radiographs of the craniocervical region in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Braunstein Ethan M. , Weissman Barbara N. , Seltzer Steven E. , Leland Sosman J. , Wang Ay‐Ming , Zamani Amir 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine were reviewed to determine whether CT provides additional information to that obtained from conventional radiography and tomography. Modalities were compared with respect to determination of the extent of erosion, C1‐C2 subluxation, atlantoaxial impact impaction, and soft tissue findings. CT showed greater extent of erosion in 9 of 12 patients. In 11 patients with C1‐C2 subluxation, CT and plain radiographs were both useful because it was necessary to demonstrate both sagittal and axial relationships. In the 5 patients with atlantoaxial impaction both CT and plain radiographs demonstrated the abnormal relationships between the odontoid and the foramen magnum. CT showed attenuation of the transverse ligament and the presence or absence of spinal cord compression, whereas plain radiographs did not. Nevertheless, significant new information regarding the spinal cord was obtained by CT in only 1 of the 12 patients. Computed tomography provides additional information about the rheumatoid cervical spine that is unobtainable by conventional modalities. In particular, CT demonstrates bone changes in the axial projection and facilitates evaluation of soft tissue, ligament, and spinal cord involvement. However, CT should be reserved for those instances in which plain radiographs and tomograms do not explain clinical findings.
Biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage
Authors: Ryu Junnosuke , Treadwell Benjamin V. , Mankin Henry J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIncorporation of radioactive precursors into macromolecules was studied with human normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage organ culture. Analysis of the salt extracted matrix components separated by cesium chloride buoyant density gradient centrifugation showed an increase in the specific activities of all gradient fractions prepared from the osteoarthritic cartilage. Further analysis of these fractions showed the osteoarthritic cartilage contained 5 times as much sulfate incorporated into proteoglycans, and an even greater amount of 3H‐glucosamine incorporated into material sedimenting to the middle of the gradient. Greater than half of this radioactive middle fraction appears to be hyaluronate, as judged by the position it elutes from a DEAE column and its susceptibility to hyaluronidase digestion. This study supports earlier findings showing increased rates of macromolecular synthesis in osteoarthritis, and in addition, an even greater synthetic rate for hyaluronic acid is demonstrated.
Ntp pyrophosphohydrolase in human chondrocalcinotic and osteoarthritic cartilage: some biochemical characteristic
Authors: Muniz Ofelia , Pelletier Jean‐Pierre , Martel‐Pelletier Johanne , Morales Sara , Howell David S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase activity was first detected in articular cartilage in previous studies at our laboratory. In this report, the enzyme is partially characterized with respect to its pH optimum and Km. The enzyme was metal‐dependent and was active in the presence of 1 mM Ca++. It was inhibited by several substances, including cysteine and dithiothreitol. Its activity was not inhibited by tetramisole at concentrations which inhibited 100% of the pyrophosphatase activity in the same extracts. It functioned most effectively on ATP, but also on UTP, CTP, and GTP. A role for scavenging nucleotides and production of pyro‐phosphate in osteoarthritic and chondrocalcinotic cartilage is postulated.
Studies on the kinetics of binding of complement‐fixing dsdna/anti‐dsdna immune complexes to the red blood cells of normal individuals and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Horgan Carol , Taylor Ronald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe kinetics of binding of prepared complement opsonized 3H‐dsDNA/anti‐DNA immune complexes to normal red blood cells (RBCs) and to RBCs with lowered immune complex binding capacity from certain patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis was examined. Normal RBCs bound the immune complexes rapidly and reached equilibrium in about 4 minutes at 37°C, while the SLE RBCs not only bound less immune complex but required up to 30 minutes to reach equilibrium. Chemical modification of normal RBCs with moderate amounts of dithiothreitol, an agent that destroys the binding activity of the C3b receptor (CR1), produced RBCs that mimicked the equilibrium and kinetic binding properties of the SLE RBCs. These observations, taken in conjunction with a detailed examination of the temperature dependence of the binding kinetics, suggest that CR1 reorganization on the RBC surface to form binding clusters may be an essential step in the complement mediated binding of immune complexes to RBCs. The implications of these findings with respect to the clearance of immune complexes from the circulation of patients with autoimmune diseases are discussed.
Clearance of 85Sr‐Labeled Calcium Phosphate Crystals from Rabbit Joints
Authors: Palmer David W. , Mccarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clearance of basic calcium phosphate crystals from rabbit joints was studied using synthetic crystals with characteristics similar to natural joint fluid mineral phase. Addition of strontium 85 during synthesis resulted in uniform trace‐labeling. Crystals were rapidly taken up by synovial lining cells after intrasynovial injection. The time for clearance of one‐half of the injected basic calcium phosphate crystal mass was 6.7 days, approximately 3 times faster than found previously for the much larger calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals.
The lubricating activity of human synovial fluids
Authors: Swann David A. , Bloch Kurt J. , Swindell David , Shore Elizabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe lubricating abilities of human synovial fluids were measured using a rotating cartilage‐on‐glass apparatus. A total of 247 human fluids were lubricationtested. Of these, 20 of the 180 knee fluids from patients with degenerative/traumatic joint disease lubricated less well than normal bovine synovial fluid. The remainder of the fluids from the knee and other joints were equivalent to normal bovine synovial fluid in their lubricating properties. The concentrations of hyaluronic acid, protein, and sialic acid and the relative viscosity of 117 human fluid samples were determined, but no relationships between the gross composition and the lubricating abilities were apparent.
Dr Antigens and Gold Toxicity in white rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Barger Bruce O. , Acton Ronald T. , Koopman William J. , Alarcón Graciela S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn increase in the frequency of DR3 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients exhibiting toxic reactions to chrysotherapy has been reported in several studies of white patients. This study was designed to compare DR antigen frequencies in local white RA patients undergoing chrysotherapy with their response to treatment. The results from our sample of RA patients (n = 148) confirm the fact that there is increased frequency of DR3 in patients who develop toxic reactions to gold therapy, as reported in other studies of white patients. The DR3 increase was attributable to those gold‐treated patients who developed proteinuria, and was not observed in patients who developed skin toxicity. Interestingly, the associations were not as strong as those found in other reports. Only 21.1% of the patients with DR3 manifested toxic reactions overall, with only one‐third of the patients with proteinuria being DR3 positive. There was also an association of toxicity, albeit not significant, with a decreased frequency of DR2, which is consistent with the suggestion that this phenotype may protect against adverse reactions to gold treatment. These results suggest that while DR3 is significantly associated with adverse response to gold treatment, the relationship is not as strong as that previously reported. Explanation of these differences remains to be elucidated.
Mitogenic effects of hydroxyapatite and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals on cultured mammalian cells
Authors: Cheung Herman S. , Story Michael T. , Mccarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynthetic hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals in 1% serum stimulated 3H thymidine uptake into quiescent canine synovial fibroblasts and human foreskin fibroblast cultures, as did 10% serum. The onset of stimulation and peak uptake of thymidine after crystal addition were delayed by 2—3 hours as compared with the effects produced by 10% serum. Stimulation of 3H thymidine uptake was proportional to the serum concentration used. HA crystals (50 μg/ml) stimulated nuclide uptake at each serum concentration used. 3H thymidine uptake was also proportional to the dose of HA or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals, although larger doses of the latter crystal were required to produce equivalent effects. Not all particulates were effective mitogenic agents. Latex beads and diamond crystals had no effect. Monosodium urate crystals modestly stimulated and calcium urate crystals markedly stimulated nuclide uptake. The more complex crystals found in a naturally occurring condition (calcinosis) were as mitogenic as the pure synthetic HA. The synovial cell hyperplasia sometimes associated with crystals might be explained in part by their mitogenic activity.
Type ii collagen—induced arthritis in mice
Authors: Wooley Paul H. , Luthra Harvinder S. , Krco Christopher J. , Stuart John M. , David Chella S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe passive transfer of high levels of anti‐type II collagen antibody from mice with type II collagen‐induced arthritis may transfer arthritis to syngeneic recipient animals. However, the transfer of either arthritogenic or sub‐arthritogenic doses of polyclonal anti‐type II collagen antibody, or non‐arthritogenic monoclonal anti‐type II collagen antibody may protect mice against the subsequent induction of arthritis by type II collagen. A protective effect was also observed in mice given free native type II collagen intravenously before the administration of collagen in an arthritogenic protocol.
Phosphorylation of proteoglycans from human articular cartilage by a camp‐dependent protein kinase
Authors: Anderson Roger S. , Schwartz Edith R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurified proteoglycan subunits from human articular, bovine articular and nasal cartilages, and a rat chondrosarcoma were phosphorylated in vitro by beef heart cAMP‐dependent protein kinase in the presence of γ32P‐ATP. In these experiments, a maximum of 1.7 moles of 32P were incorporated per mole of proteoglycan from human cartilage. Phosphorylation was dependent on the presence of cAMP. Analysis by autoradiography revealed that serine residues in the core protein of the proteoglycan were the sites of phosphorylation. Treatment of proteoglycan subunits with chondroitinase ABC and alkaline phosphatase prior to reaction with cAMP‐dependent protein kinase increased the incorporation of 32P by 12–30% when compared with untreated proteoglycans. These data indicate that proteoglycans in cartilage can be phosphorylated by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase.
Degradation of a chromogenic substrate by α2‐macroglobulin from plasma of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Teodorescu Marius , Gaspar Alexandre , Spear Greg , Skosey John L. , Ganea Doina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have shown previously that serum from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) contains a polyclonal B cell activator that is associated with α2‐macroglobulin (α2M). Some biologic effects of this activator appear to be due to a trypsin‐like protease attached to α2M. Therefore, in the present study, we used an anti‐α2M antibody solid‐phase assay, with Chromozym‐Try as a substrate, to determine the level of α2M‐protease complexes in plasma α2M. We found higher levels of these complexes in RA patients than in 2 control groups. Since α2M‐protease complexes have been shown to induce RA‐like inflammation in experimental animals and to be produced by lymphoid cells, we speculate that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. However, the role of the other cells or enzyme systems in the formation of these complexes has not yet been ruled out. Results of these investigations could lead to another link between activation of the immune system and joint inflammation.
D‐penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis serum levels, pharmacokinetic aspects, and correlation with clinical course and side effects
Authors: Muijsers A. O. , Van De Stadt R. J. , Henrichs A. M. A. , Ament H. J. W. , Van Der Korst J. K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter administration of D‐penicillamine to patients with rheumatoid arthritis, measurements of serum level and urinary excretion showed half‐life times of 1.6 hours in the rapid phase and 4–6 days in the slow phase. The latter evidence suggests that tissue pooling occurs. With a dosage of 750 mg/day, basic serum levels of 100 μM are gradually reached. Serum D‐penicillamine levels were shown to be the same for patients who responded well to treatment, those who did not respond, and for patients who had adverse side effects as well as those who had none. Intestinal resorption decreased when D‐penicillamine was taken close to meals and was greatly reduced by iron preparations.
Clonally restricted anti‐igg antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Persselin Jay E. , Louie James S. , Stevens Ronald H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClonally restricted anti‐IgG antibodies were detected, by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and chromatofocusing techniques, in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Anti‐Fab antibodies were predominantly acidic proteins with isoelectric points of 4.5–6.5 and displayed restricted spectrotype patterns. Proteins reactive with the Fc portion of IgG showed polyclonal spectrotype patterns with alkaline pI of 7.5–9.0. A limited array of anti‐Fab spectrotypes was consistently detected in RA sera when analyzed by IEF on 6M urea gels. Additional anti‐Fab antibody bands were detected when the RA sera were dialyzed against 4–6M urea prior to IEF analysis, indicating that some anti‐Fab antibodies exist in a complexed form in serum. Under these dissociating conditions, anti‐Fab antibodies could also be detected in normal subjects, but the spectrotype patterns were more restricted than those in RA sera. Because anti‐Fab antibodies may regulate normal immune responses, the increased quantity of clonally restricted anti‐Fab antibodies in RA may indicate an abnormality of this immunoregulation.
Studies of anti‐f(ab')2 antibodies and possible immunologic control mechanisms in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Silvestris Franco , Bankhurst Arthur D. , Searles Robert P. , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStudies of anti‐DNA and anti‐F(ab')2 antibodies were performed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 51 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Patients with severe, uncontrolled disease showed high levels of anti‐DNA and low levels of anti‐F(ab')2 antibodies. Patients with quiescent SLE usually showed high levels of anti‐F(ab')2 and low levels of anti‐DNA antibodies. Isolated anti‐F(ab')2 antibodies from autologous SLE remission serum or from the sera of unaffected siblings of SLE patients showed maximum inhibition in test systems using affinity‐purified SLE anti‐DNA antibodies reacting with single‐stranded DNA.
Reproducibility of multiple‐observer scoring of radiologic abnormalities in the hands and wrists of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sharp John T. , Bluhm Gilbert B. , Brook Andrew , Brower Anne C. , Corbett Mary , Decker John L. , Genant Harry K. , Gofton J. Philip , Goodman Neal , Larsen Arvi , Lidsky Martin D. , Pussila Pekka , Weinstein Aaron S. , Weissman Barbara N. , Young Donald Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐one coded radiographic films from 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were read by 13 observers, using 4 different methods for scoring abnormalities. Although absolute scores differed widely among individual observers, correlation coefficients were greater than 0.850 for approximately 2 of 3 comparisons. When films were ranked, using the median rank of all readers, 72% of individual ranks were within 10% of the median ranks. Among serial films on individual patients, 92% of comparisons between early and late films were interpreted as demonstrating progression of abnormalities when mean standardized scores showed an increase in scores of 15 units or greater. Films with lesser changes were interpreted inconsistently. This study shows good general agreement among readers in scoring radiologic abnormalities of hands and wrists, when applied to a film set showing a broad spectrum of severity, and defines the sensitivity of radiologic detection of disease progression.
Effects of L‐canavanine on t cells may explain the induction of systemic lupus erythematosus by alfalfa
Authors: Alcocer‐varela Jorge , Iglesias Antonio , Llorente Luis , Alarcón‐Segovia Donato 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlfalfa sprouts can induce systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in monkeys. This property of alfalfa sprouts has been attributed to their non‐protein amino acid constituent, L‐canavanine. Occurrence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and exacerbation of SLE have been linked to ingestion of alfalfa tablets containing L‐canavanine. In this report we show that L‐canavanine has dose‐related effects in vitro on human immunoregulatory cells, which could explain its lupus‐inducing potential. These effects include: 1 diminution of the mitogenic response to both phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A but not to pokeweed mitogen, as determined in both thymidine incorporation and cell cycle studies, and 2 abrogation of concanavalin A‐induced suppressor cell function, which results in increased release of both IgG and DNA binding activity into supernatants by cells from normal subjects and SLE patients. These immunoregulatory effects of L‐canavanine may explain the induction or exacerbation of SLE by alfalfa.
HLA gene frequencies in children and adults with systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Miller Marc L. , Aaron Stephen , Jackson Jean , Fraser Patricia , Cairns Lloyd , Hoch Susan , Borel Yves , Larson Martin , Glass David N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe HLA genetic region was studied in 51 patients with systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: 35 with childhood onset and 16 with adult onset (adult Still's disease). HLA genotypes were established by including family members, 261 of whom were also typed in the study. The most marked difference between patients and controls involved the HLA‐DR4 gene, which occurred with a frequency of 0.348 in the childhood onset patients and 0.170 in the controls (X2 = 8.97, P = 0.0028, adjusted P = 0.017). In contrast, the adult onset patients showed a marginal increase in HLA‐DR7, but were similar to controls with respect to HLA‐DR4. HLA‐Bw35 was increased in children with systemic onset disease, in accordance with earlier findings. The results suggest that patients with systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have complex HLA associations which are different in childhood onset and adult onset disease.
Immunohistochemical studies of interleukin‐2 and γ‐interferon in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Husby Gunnar , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial tissues were studied, using immunofluorescence techniques, for localization of lymphocytic infiltrates and immune reactants, including C3, C5b‐9, C9, and la antigen. Tissue distribution of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and γ‐interferon was also determined, using mouse monoclonal antibodies. IL‐2 was found in association with OKT8 and OKT4 T cells, and γ‐interferon was noted in association with T cells, B cells, and macrophages. Staining both for IL‐2 and for γ‐interferon was surprisingly faint in view of the intensity of lymphocytic infiltration.