bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reaction between 8-Hydroxyquinoline and Salicylic Acid in Solid State and Solution
Authors: Singh N.B. , Singh R. , Singh K. 
Published: August 2006

8-Hydroxyquinoline reacts with salicylic acid both in solid state and solution forming a yellow coloured compound. Phase diagram studies have shown the formation of a 1:1 addition compound stable in solid state and dissociated in solution. Differential thermal studies have shown that the reaction products obtained from solution and solid state reaction are almost identical except that there is a possibility of entrapped solvent molecules when the product was prepared from benzene. Also the reaction product shows a thermochromic effect. X-ray diffraction studies have revealed some structural difference between the reaction product obtained from solution and solid state reaction. Spectroscopic studies show the possibility of hydrogen bonding in the reaction product.The reaction in the solid state is slow and once a thin layer of reaction product is formed at the surface of salicylic acid crystals, the reaction rate becomes practically negligible. This may be due to the compactness of the product layer and unfavourable crystal packing in to the crystal lattice of salicylic acid. Microstructural studies have shown that there are structural changes during solid state reaction.
Solubilities of Amino Acids in Dioxane + Water Mixtures and the Determination of Transfer Free Energies of Interaction of Amino Acid from Water to Aquo-Organic Mixtures
Authors: Majumder K. , Majumder K. Mrs. , Lahiri Sujit Chandra 
Published: August 2006

The solubilities of amino acids (Glycine, α-alanine, L-asparagine, L-methionine, L-proline, L-valine, L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, L-glutamine) in dioxane-water mixtures (0-100%) have been determined colorimetrically as well as pH metrically using acid-free formaldehyde solution. The solubility decreases enormously with increase in percentage of dioxane. The results have been interpreted in terms of specific solvation and hydrophobic effects.In order to comprehend the results better, the scaled particle theory has been applied to determine the transfer free energy changes for interaction from water to aquo-organic solvent mixtures and the results are qualitatively in agreement. An estimate of the hydrophobic interactions due to constituent groups in different aquo-organic mixtures has been attempted.
A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Reactions of 3-Pentoxy Radicals: Reaction with O2 and Unimolecular Decomposition
Authors: Hein H. , Somnitz H. , Hoffmann A. , Zellner R. 
Published: August 2006

The reactions of 3-pentoxy radicals with OIn addition to the experimental investigation, the unimolecular reaction channels of 3-pentoxy radicals were also analyzed by a combined
Kinetics of the C2(a3Πu) Radical Reacting with Selected Molecules and Atoms
Authors: Becker K.H. , Donner B. , Freitas Dinis C.M. , Geiger H. , Schmidt F. , Wiesen P. 
Published: August 2006

Rate coefficients for reactions of the CThis work represents the first study of reactions of CFor the reaction CThe reaction C
One- and Two-Dimensional Variable-Temperature 13C MAS NMR Studies on the Adsorption of Methane on Zeolite HY
Authors: Seidel U. , Brunner E. , Kärger J. , Pfeifer H. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
We present a 13C MAS NMR study on the adsorption of methane on HY zeolite. These investigations were carried out at temperatures ranging from 295 K to 135 K and at loadings up to 105 methane molecules per unit cell. Up to three signals appear in the 13C MAS NMR spectra. From the dependence of their intensities and chemical shifts and results of 1H PFG NMR measurements of diffusion it could be concluded that they are due to gaseous methane in the void space above the zeolite powder, to methane adsorbed in the large cavities of the HY zeolite and to methane in the pores formed by neighbouring crystallites.
Speeds of Sound and Isentropic Compressibilities of Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether - n-Alcohol Mixtures at 298.15 K
Authors: Pal A. , Dass G. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The speeds of sound has been obtained at a frequency of 4 MHz in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether + methanol, + ethanol, + 1-butanol, and + 1-pentanol across the entire composition range, at the temperature 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure using a NUSONIC velocimeter based on the sing-around technique. The ultrasonic speed values have been combined with those of the excess molar volumes converted to densities to obtain estimates of the product KS,m of the molar volumes and isentropic compressibility κS, and excess quantity KE
S,m. The KE
S,m values are negative over the entire range of composition for all mixtures with the exception of 1-pentanol, which changes sign from positive to negative. The magnitude of KE
S,m increase with the number of carbon atoms in the n-alcohol. The deviations of the speeds of sound uD from their ideal values uid in an ideal mixture were also calculated for all measured mole fractions. The behaviour of u, uD, and KE
S,m with composition and the number of carbon atoms in the alcohol molecule is discussed.
Adsorption and Desorption of Ions at the Surface of Liquid
Authors: Bunkin N.F. , Bunkin F.V. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
A theoretic model of adsorption and desorption of ions at the interface liquid ionic solution - neutral gas is developed. The mechanism and quantitative criterion for the dissolved ions selection with respect to their ability or disability to adsorb is suggested. An essential attention is focused on the analysis of adsorption and desorption processes at the surface of bubbles in an aqueous electrolyte solution. The Debye-Hückel problem for the case of eφ/kT > 1 (φ is the electric potential and T is the temperature) is solved for the bubbles which are in the diffusion equilibrium with an ambient liquid. The general problem of existence of the so-called bubston microphase in molecular liquid is formulated in the Conclusion.
The Rate constant of the Reaction of OH(A2Σ+) with H2O2(X˜1A)
Authors: Hack Walter , Jordan R. 
Published: August 2006

The rate constant of the depletion of OH radicals in the first electronically excited state with hydrogenperoxid:OH(was determined at room temperature under pseudo first-order conditions [OH(The rate constant is:similar to the quenching rate constant of OH(
Studies on the Solubility and Dissociation Constants of Oxalic Acid in Aquo + Ethanolic Mixtures and Determination of Single-Ion Gibbs Energy of Transfer from Aqueous to Aquo + Ethanolic Mixtures
Authors: Gumtya S. K. , Lahiri Sujit Chandra , Aditya S. 
Published: August 2006

The dissociation constants of the simplest dibasic organic acid, oxalic acid were determined conductometrically and pH metrically in ethanol + water mixtures (0–87 wt% of ethanol). These data were coupled with solubility values of oxalic acid and potassium hydrogen oxalate to calculate the Gibbs energies of transfer of oxalic acid, bioxalate(HOXThe p[H
Statewide Quality Improvement Outreach Improves Preventive Services for Young Children
Authors: Shaw Judith S. , Wasserman Richard C. , Barry Sara , Delaney Thomas , Duncan Paula , Davis Wendy , Berry Patricia 
Published: August 2006

OBJECTIVE. Although clinical trials demonstrate the efficacy of quality improvement outreach in improving service delivery, evidence for broad community effectiveness has been lacking. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of a statewide pediatric quality improvement outreach program in improving preventive services for children who are younger than 5 years.METHODS. All pediatric practices in Vermont (n = 35) were invited to participate in a preventive services quality improvement initiative. Ninety-one percent agreed. Participating practices serve &gt;80% of all Vermont children who are younger than 5 years. The main outcome measured was change in 9 preventive services areas: (1) immunizations up to date; (2) anemia screening; (3) tuberculosis risk assessment and indicated screening; (4) lead screening; (5) infant sleep position counseling; (6) environmental tobacco smoke–exposure risk assessment; (7) blood pressure screening; (8) vision screening; and (9) dental risk assessment.RESULTS. All practices demonstrated improvement in 1 or more preventive services areas. The mean number of areas chosen was 5 (range: 1–9). Practices that selected a specific preventive service area as a quality improvement goal were more likely to demonstrate improvement in that area than practices that did not choose to focus on that preventive services area.CONCLUSIONS. The work in this project has provided the evidence for an effective statewide pediatric quality improvement outreach program to improve preventive services for children who are younger than 5 years. Practices' decision to focus on a specific preventive service area as a quality improvement goal seems necessary for improvement in that area. This approach may be effective in other states or regions.
The Incidence of Anemia in an Israeli Population: A Population Analysis for Anemia in 34512 Israeli Infants Aged 9 to 18 Months
Authors: Meyerovitch Joseph , Sherf Michael , Antebi Felice , Barhoum-Noufi Marie , Horev Zeev , Jaber Lutfi , Weiss Dorit , Koren Ariel 
Published: August 2006

OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this work was to use the comprehensive computerized database of Clalit Health Services to analyze the prevalence and contributing factors of anemia among the population of Clalit Health Services-insured Israeli infants aged 9 to 18 months, characterized by ethnic sector.METHODS. This was a cross-sectional retrospective study for the year 2003 using the computerized database of Clalit Health Services for 34512 infants aged 9 to 18 months insured by the Clalit Health Services sick fund. Children with abnormal white blood counts at the time of the hemoglobin test and with chronic diseases were excluded. The data were analyzed for age, infant hemoglobin level, ethnic origin, district distribution, type of clinic where the infant received treatment, the number of iron prescriptions dispensed to each child, and the mother's last hemoglobin level before giving birth. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level &lt;105 g/L.RESULTS. The prevalence of anemia among Israeli infants is 15.5%. The prevalence is significantly higher in the non-Jewish population (22.5%) as compared with the Jewish population (10.5%). The lowest prevalence of anemia was found in pediatric health centers (10.7%). A significant correlation was found between the presence of anemia in infants and the presence of anemia found in their mothers. Infants with anemia used significantly less iron preparations.CONCLUSIONS. This study is one of the first studies to use a comprehensive computerized database to perform a population-based analysis of anemic infants. We found a considerable percentage of infants to be anemic and identified a specific population to be at high risk for anemia. We describe 2 factors that have the potential to be altered through intervention: improving compliance of iron intake and maternal anemia. Major national efforts should be made to minimize the prevalence of anemia, especially in the non-Jewish population, and to learn more about the causes of iron-deficiency anemia in this group. This study provides a base for an intervention study.
Numerical Simulation of Thick, Tight Fluvial Sands
Authors: Iwere F. O. , Moreno J. E. , Apaydin O. G. 
Published: August 2006

Summary
This paper presents several workflows for constructing adequate flow models of a tight gas field located in Wyoming. The numerical flow models were built by integrating seismic, petrophysical, geological, and engineering data, including hydraulic fracture data. The reservoirs consist of several sand units over a gross thickness of 4,000 ft in a fluvial depositional environment. Reservoir rock permeabilities are in the microdarcy range. The overpressured reservoirs become economically viable only by hydraulic fracturing. Two major challenges of modeling the field are reservoir upscaling and appropriate representation of the hydraulic fractures.
A streamline-based flow model was used to upscale geological features. Some practical assumptions were made to apply this technology in our study. Multiple models were generated using different upscaling scenarios and techniques. The models were set up with the same boundary conditions (injector/producer pairs, injection/production rates, etc.), and their results were compared with the fine-grid geocellular-model results. Pseudofluid properties (low viscosity) and a very long time scale had to be used because of the low permeability of the sands. The fluid recovery and injected fluid breakthrough times for the flow models and the geo-cellular model were then compared. The flow model with the most reasonable volumetrics and flow characteristics was chosen for the numerical simulation study.
The producing wells are hydraulically fractured with multiple stages. Single-well and sector models were used to determine the ultimate fracture properties that were used in the final simulation model. First, local grid refinement was used to represent the fracture properties. Then, a parametric study was conducted to establish the effective global cell properties that are required to simulate the flow of hydrocarbons along the hydraulic fracture without using the local grid refinements. Production and pressure performance over a long period of time were compared. Effective permeability and pore-volume calculation yielded the best results, and they were used during the history matching of the wells' performances.
Immiscible Displacement of Non-Newtonian Fluids in Communicating Stratified Reservoirs
Authors: El-Khatib Noaman 
Published: August 2006

Summary
The displacement of non-Newtonian power-law fluids in communicating stratified reservoirs with a log-normal permeability distribution is studied. Equations are derived for fractional oil recovery, water cut, injectivity ratio, and pseudorelative permeability functions, and the performance is compared with that for Newtonian fluids. Constant-injection-rate and constant-total-pressure-drop cases are studied.
The effects of the following factors on performance are investigated: the flow-behavior indices, the apparent mobility ratio, the Dykstra-Parsons variation coefficient, and the flow rate. It was found that fractional oil recovery increases for nw&gt;no and decreases for nw&lt;no, as compared with Newtonian fluids. For the same ratio of nw/no, oil recovery increases as the apparent mobility ratio decreases. The effect of reservoir heterogeneity in decreasing oil recovery is more apparent for the case of nw&gt;no. Increasing the total injection rate increases the recovery for nw&gt;no, and the opposite is true for nw&lt;no. It also was found that the fractional oil recovery for the displacement at constant total pressure drop is lower than that for the displacement at constant injection rate, with the effect being more significant when nw&lt;no.
Reservoir Management in a Deepwater Subsea Field—The Schiehallion Experience
Authors: Govan Alastair , Primmer Tim , Douglas Cameron , Moodie Neil , Davies Merv , Nieuwland Ferry 
Published: August 2006

Summary
The Schiehallion field has experienced many reservoir management challenges since first production in 1998. Dynamic data such as formation pressures, pressure-transient analysis, interference testing, tracer analysis, and 4D seismic need to be interpreted with great care—Schiehallion has examples in which the data have been invaluable and others in which the data are ambiguous or misleading. It is essential to integrate several data types to obtain reliable conclusions. This paper describes some of the highlights and pitfalls experienced in Schiehallion.
A genetic cluster of early onset Parkinson's disease in a Colombian population
Authors: Pineda‐Trujillo Nicolas , Apergi Maria , Moreno Sonia , Arias William , Lesage Suzanne , Franco Alejandro , Sepulveda‐Falla Diego , Cano David , Buriticá Omar , Pineda David , Uribe Carlos Santiago , de Yebenes Justo Garcia , Lees Andrew J. , Brice Alexis , Bedoya Gabriel , Lopera Francisco , Ruiz‐Linares Andres 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe previously identified in two families with early onset Parkinson's Disease (PD) from the isolated population of Antioquia (Colombia), a parkin Cys212Tyr substitution caused by a G736A mutation. This mutation was subsequently observed in a Spanish family, suggesting that it could have been taken to Antioquia by Spanish immigrants. Here we screened for the G736A mutation in additional Antioquian early onset PD cases and used haplotype analysis to investigate the relationship between Spanish and Antioquian G736A chromosomes. We confirmed the occurrence of an extensive founder effect in Antioquia. Thirteen individuals (10 homozygotes) from seven nuclear families were identified with the G736A mutation. Genealogical investigations demonstrated the existence of shared ancestors between six of these families four to five generations ago and no evidence of Spanish ancestry during this period. A second parkin mutation (a duplication of exon 3), was detected in the three G736A heterozygote carriers. Haplotype data exclude a recent common ancestry between the Spanish and Antioquian patients studied here and is consistent with the introduction of the G736A mutation in Antioquia during early colonial times (about 16 generations ago). © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Do blood pressure and heart rate responses to perceived stress vary according to endogenous estrogen level in women?
Authors: Pollard Tessa M. , Pearce Karen L. , Rousham Emily K. , Schwartz Joseph E. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe results of experimental studies suggest that estrogen may blunt blood pressure responses to stress, but increase heart rate responses. We investigated whether within‐person associations of perceived stress with blood pressure and heart rate during normal working life in 26 premenopausal and 7 postmenopausal women varied according to endogenous estrogen level. Each woman measured her own blood pressure and heart rate and completed a diary reporting perceived stress levels on six occasions on each of 2 working days. Premenopausal women were assessed once between days 4 and 6 of their menstrual cycle (low estrogen) and again between days 11 and 13 (high estrogen), and urine samples were taken to verify expected variation in estrogen level. Results showed that perceived stress was significantly positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate in the group as a whole. This association did not differ according to menopausal status. There was no difference in the association of perceived stress with SBP or DBP in premenopausal women according to day of assessment, but heart rate reactivity to perceived stress was significantly higher on the high‐estrogen day. Our findings thus provide evidence that heart rate responses to perceived stress during everyday working life vary according to estrogen level in premenopausal women, but no evidence that blood pressure responses to stress vary according to endogenous estrogen level in women. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of adding Mesocarbon Microbeads into C/C composites on microstructure and properties during carbonization
Authors: Hu Hsien‐Lin , Ko Tse‐Hao , Kuo Wen‐Shyong , Chen Sung‐Te 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThis work tests the effect on microstructure, flexural strength, flexural moduli, plus the electrical and thermal conductivity of carbon/carbon composites with Mesocarbon Microbeads (MCMBs) content ranging 0–30% by weight during carbonization. These composites were reinforced by oxidative PAN Base fiber felts, and matrix precursor was resol‐type‐phenolic resin. MCMBs with a weight fraction of 0–30% were added to the matrix to elucidate the effect. Liquid‐phase impregnation was applied to reinforce matrix carbon. Cured composites were stabilized at 230°C, then heat‐treated at 400, 600, 800, 900 and 1000°C for carbonization. The measured flexural strength after heat‐treated at 1000°C was 51.20, 49.59, 43.55, and 38.76 MPa for MCMBs with 0, 10, 20, and 30% added to composites; mean flexural moduli were l.73, 1.24, 0.73, and 0.57 MPa, respectively. Adding MCMBs reduced both strength and modulus because of cracks and avoids caused by different shrinkage between resin and MCMBs; adding 30 wt % MCMBs raised thermal conductivity of C/C composites from 1.55 to 1.78 W/mK and reduced electric resistivity from 1.8 × 10−2 to 5.97 × 10−3 Ω cm. effect. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3102–3110, 2006
Preparation of polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites with an exfoliated structure by a designed route
Authors: Hong Haoqun , He Hui , Jia Zhixin , Ding Chao , Jia Demin 
Published: August 2006

AbstractNanocomposites of polypropylene (PP) and montmorillonites (MMT) were prepared by solid‐phase grafting reactive organomontmorillonite (ROMT) and polar monomers onto powdered PP and melt‐blending granule PP with the master batches as PP/MMT grafting copolymers (PPMG). The structure and properties of the PP/MMT nanocomposites (PPMN) were investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. GPC showed that the numerical molecular weight and polydispersity of the graft copolymers of PPMG were approximately 4793 and 2.197, respectively. FTIR confirmed the solid‐phase graft copolymerization. XRD and TEM indicated the formation of the exfoliated, layered silicates (tactoids). The mole ratio of compound alkylammoniums and the exothermic enthalpy from solid‐phase graft copolymerization played key roles in the formation of tactoids. The optimum mole ratio of organophilic alkylammonium to reactive alkylammonium was 3 : 1. The mechanical and thermal properties increased with the contents of PPMG, and a preferable state was achieved at approximately 8 phr PPMG (parts of reagent per 100 parts of PP) because of the plastification of the exfoliated silicates and the graft copolymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3889–3899, 2006
Compression, cleavage, and shear resistance of composite construction materials produced from softwoods and hardwoods
Authors: Kilic Murat , Celebi Gülser 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe process of manufacturing laminated wood board is an effective technique for reducing or eliminating the negative properties of solid wood materials and for obtaining high‐performance materials. More economical composite laminated materials, which use different types of wood together and have the strength suitable for the purpose, can be produced with this technique. In the present study, composite laminated specimens containing beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), a type of hardwood, and poplar (Populus nigra), a softwood, were produced with layers of two thicknesses: 4 and 5 mm. Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and polyurethane (PU) glues were used in gluing. The results of the tests were compared with those for the solid wood specimens, and it was found that new composite building materials with high mechanical strength and lower cost could be produced for the construction materials sector in Turkey instead of solid wood. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3673–3678, 2006