bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malignant tumors of salivary glands. A university experience
Authors: Boles Roger , Raines John , Lebovits Marc , Fu Karen K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe management of salivary gland neoplasms continues to be a challenging clinical problem. Despite recent advances in histopathological classification, agreement among head and neck surgeons concerning optimum treatment is lacking. In attempts to eradicate the more malignant varieties of these tumors, surgeons have performed radical and multilating surgery. Radiation therapy has not been considered efficacious in many centers. A review of 93 maligant salivary gland tumors from 1955 to 1973 at the University of California, San Francisco, suggests that these tumors may be more radiosensitive than once thought. Radiation therapy combined with conservative surgical procedures may be as successful and perhaps more rational treatment than radical surgery alone.
Hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of rhinocerebral mucormycosis
Authors: Price Ltc. John C. , Stevens Ltc. Dennis L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHyperbaric oxygen therapy was utilized in a case of fulminant mucormycosis of the maxilla, orbit and temporal bone. The patient had refused radical surgery and death seemed iminent in spite of aggressive medical management of diabetic ketoacidosis, amphotericin B and wide surgical drainage of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses with orbital decompression. Hyperbaric oxygen was instituted on the following theoretical premises: 1. It would provide oxygenation of tissues distal to occluded arteries, thereby increasing local survival and decreasing acidosis, 2. resultant lessening of acidosis would slow or inhibit rapid growth of the organism, and 3. oxygen in sufficient concentration is fungicidal.The rapid progress of the mucormycosis was arrested. Cultures of tissue prior to hyperbaric oxygen treatment produced heavy growth of Rhizopus, and tissues cultured after therapy grew only bacterial contaminants. The patient survived for 3 mo. only to succumb to Pseudomonas meningitis secondary to necrotic bone and epidural abscess of the middle cranial fossa.Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a fulminant and frequently fatal disease. No survivors were reported before extensive surgical debridement was utilized. Survival improved to 50% with the addition of amphotericin B. Early diagnosis and correction of underlying acidosis has further improved this to 85%.The response to hyperbaric oxygen in this case report possibly introduces a promising new adjunct to therapy of this serious disease.
Diagnosis and management of long‐standing benign oral ulceration.
Authors: Birt Derek , From Lynn , Main James 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe authors formed a Mouth Clinic at Sunnybrook Hospital in 1973 since when there have been 3025 patient visits. Those patients with chronic ulceration present a challenge, the diagnosis sometimes being difficult and therapy not rapidly effective. The differential diagnosis includes lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, benign mucous membrane pemphigoid, discoid lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, aphthous ulcers, Behcets disease, periadenitis mucosa necrotica recurrens, specific infections and iatrogenic causes. It is possible to reach a definite diagnosis in virtually every case by means of a good history and careful clinical examination supplemented by biopsies and in some cases direct and indirect immunofluorescent studies. Treatment emphasizes scrupulous attention to oral hygiene with baking soda mouthwashes and careful teeth cleaning to minimize the accumulation of dental plaque. Specific therapy includes topical steroids in lichen planus, intra muscular gold in benign mucous membrane pemphigoid, a previously unreported treatment which considerably improved seven out of ten patients, and tetracycline mouthwashes in aphthous ulcers.
Diagnosis and management of acute epiglottitis — report of 90 consecutive cases
Authors: Bottenfield Gerald W. , Arcinue Edgardo L. , Sarnaik Ashok , Jewell Marvin R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNinety children with acute epiglottitis were admitted from 1971 – 1977. Lateral extended neck radiograph was found to be a quick, safe and reliable way to establish the diagnosis. Out of 79, 77 (97%) had blood cultures yielding Hemophilus influenzae type b. Immediate institution of airway and antibiotics were the mainstay of treatment. All patients in the series survived. For short‐term airway management, as in acute epiglottitis, nasotracheal intubation under general anesthesia was found to be the airway of choice.
Pectus excavatum: Resolution after surgical removal of upper airway obstruction
Authors: Olsen Kerry D. , Kern Eugene B. , O'Connell Edward J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA six‐year‐old child with obstruction of the upper airway and a pectus excavatum defect (“funnel chest”) is presented. Correction of the funnel‐chest deformity was observed four years after the performance of a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy to relieve the obstruction of the upper airway. The relationship between chronic upper‐airway obstruction and a pectus excavatum deformity is discussed, and the reversibility of such a deformity is documented.
Frontal sinus trephination: A new technique for office procedure
Authors: Fry Terry L. , Biggers W. Paul , Fischer Newton D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA new office technique for frontal sinus trephination is described. The procedure is simple, expedient, and inexpensive. Our experience with 16 patients suggests that this procedure is reasonably safe and, in addition, avoids the often‐seen complications of supra‐trochlear nerve injury and persistent noticeable scar.
Instrumental perforation of the esophagus
Authors: Behnke Ernest E. , Gadlage Robert , Turner John S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInstrumental perforation of the esophagus occurred in a 55‐year‐old man who underwent esophagoscopy. The complication occurred when the esophagoscope broke during the procedure to remove a bolus of food. After the scope was withdrawn and examined, a defect was seen in its side where a weld on the light carrier had broken, causing a ribbon of mucosa and muscularis to be impinged in this defect. The esophagus was reexamined with a new esophagoscope. A nasogastric tube was passed into the stomach, and antibiotics were administered. Although the dangers of endoscopy are well documented and are decreasing, complications occur in up to 1% of the cases. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment, regardless of the site of perforation, continue to be the critical factors in reduction of the morbidity and mortality of this iatrogenic injury.
Tongue strength: Part II: In artificial alaryngeal speech
Authors: Hartman David E. , Dworkin James P. , Keith Robert L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTongue strength does not appear to be reduced in proficient esophageal speakers. However, no data exist on tongue strength for laryngectomized subjects who have not developed esophageal speech. Anterior and lateral tongue strength measures were obtained from 13 laryngectomized subjects who used an artificial larynx and 15 normal subjects by means of a pressure transducer and recording device. The results indicated that laryngectomized subjects had significantly weaker tongues in two of three directions measured. It was concluded that laryngectomy may affect tongue strength, but that the method of alaryngeal speech utilized postoperatively influences the return to normal.
Tympanic membrane perforations secondary to ventilation devices special considerations.
Authors: Wilson David F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTympanic membrane perforations are uncommon following the use of ventilation devices; however, persistent perforations should be given special attention for squamous epithelial growth through the perforation to the undersurface of the tympanic membrane. Surgical management is indicated in these cases. Tympanic membrane grafting procedures are adequate for early involvement. Successful grafting depends on excision of the tympanic membrane involved with the undersurface growth of squamous epithelium. Mastoid extension of the squamous tissue ingrowth requires greater surgical exposure. Cases and their management are presented.
Syphilis: An otolaryngologic perspective.
Authors: Mcnulty John S. , Fassett Richard L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEarly syphilis incidence has been increasing in the United States for the past several years. The post‐antibiotic generation of physicians has generally been inadequately trained to recognize the varied manifestations of this disease, yet can expect to encounter it on a more frequent basis in the near future. A literature review of otolaryngologic presentations and the problems of diagnosis and treatment are presented as an aid to the recognition and management of this disease.
Malignant hyperpyrexia: An update for the otolaryngologist.
Authors: Schvaneveldt J. A. , Stankiewicz J. A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMalignant hyperpyrexia (MH) is a syndrome with a mortality of 60%, triggered by a broad variety of anesthetic agents. The most significant recent advance influencing the clinician's ability to safely manage MH individuals is the emergence of dantrolene sodium as both a prophylactic and a therapeutic agent. The purpose of this presentation is to review recent clinical and laboratory studies and advances which are the basis for establishing the pathophysiology of this syndrome and pharmacology of treatment. The FDA has recently approved intravenous Dantrium® for treatment of malignant hyperpyrexia. Intravenous and oral Dantrium® has much theoretical support and experimental evidence which suggests it will significantly reduce the mortality previously associated with this syndrome.
External septorhinoplasty: A tool for teaching and for improved results
Authors: Wright William K. , Kridel Russell W. H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe external septorhinoplasty incision is basically a 5 mm. incision across the columella connecting a left and right alar margin incision. This allows retraction of the dorsal skin to expose the entire dorsal skeletal structure. It has great advantage to both surgeon and assistant for teaching and studying deformed nasal anatomy, and for improved rhinoplasty results because it allows binocular visual monitoring of surgery, the use of both hands, control of bleeding by electrocautery, accurate diagnosis of revisional surgery, and the use of permanent sutures to fix and approximate the various surgically modified nasal structures so that postoperative distortion from healing does not occur. If grafts or implants are needed they can be accurately modelled and sutured in place to prevent postoperative wobbling. The columellar scar if properly closed becomes inconspicuous in a few months, and even early in the healing process it is not noticed because the observer is viewing it at a very oblique angle. It is felt that this operation will be a very valuable addition to everyone doing rhinoplasties and septoplasties.
Malignant external otitis: The diagnostic value of bone scintigraphy.
Authors: Ostfeld Ervin , Aviel Aharon , Pelet Deborah 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTechnetium00mMethylene Diphosphate bone scintigraphy (BS) of the skull was performed in three patients with malignant external otitis (MEO). Pathological uptake of the radioisotope in the mastoid region was found during the early stages of MEO updating radiologic findings. The extent of the radioisotope accumulation during the early stages of MEO indicates that the actual tissue damage exceeds the clinical estimation. The follow‐up BS findings correlate well with the clinical course of MEO indicating either healing or extension to the base of skull.
Electroglottographic studies of staffieri neoglottis
Authors: Lecltjse Frans L. , Tiwari Ram. M. , Snow Gordon B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAmong several methods of surgical restoration of voice which were introduced in the last two decades, the one of Staffieri has so far been most successful, though perfection with this technique still remains to be achieved. Question has always been raised as to the nature of function of the neoglottis in the production of voice in these patients. An attempt has been made to study this function with the aid of electroglottography. Results show that the neoglottis functions in some ways similar to the normal human glottis, and as the source of vibrations in these laryngectomized subjects.
The use of rare‐earth magnet couplers in cochlear implants
Authors: Dormer Kenneth J. , Nordquist Robert E. , Richard Gordon L. , Hough J. V. D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe cochlear implant is an electronic auditory prosthesis gaining widespread acceptance as a means of restoring partial hearing to the totally deaf. A number of engineering and biological hurdles remain toward the improvement of existing implantable systems and development of multichannel systems. One hurdle concerns reliable transcutaneous coupling of the external electrical signal to the implanted device. To date this has been accomplished by inductive means through coils which were mechanically held in place. The incorporation of small, permanent, rare‐earth (SmCo5) magnets with the coil assemblies has eliminated the unreliable mechanical supporting devices. Magnetic attachment was simulated in dogs to examine for biological compatibility. Electron micrographs indicated normal subcellular structures in tissue exposed for 10 weeks. Five patients were implanted with magnet‐modified coil assemblies and tested for the proper alignment and support of the external coil assembly, as well as efficiency of inductive coupling. Electromagnetic coupling was not interferred with and mechanical support was adequate. We conclude that rare‐earth magnets provide an effective means for supporting and positioning in place medical devices, such as the cochlear implant.
Repair of orbital blowout fractures with marlex mesh and gelfilm
Authors: Burres Steven A. , Cohn Arnold M. , Mathog Robert H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThirty patients with surgically treated blowout fractures are reviewed. Of these, 3 had Caldwell‐Luc procedures with antral packing, 23 had allograft implantation over the orbital floor fracture, and 4 required neither implantation nor antral packing. In 11 patients, with extensive defects, Marlex® mesh was employed as the only support. Gelfilm® implants were placed in 7 patients with relatively smaller defects. Three patients had Silastic® implants and 2 had Mersilene® allografts. There were no major complications in any of the 30 patients in the series, and overall results with allograft implants were satisfactory. Properties of the various allografts and indications for their use are discussed.
The free jejunal graft in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Gluckman Jack L. , Mcdonough John , Donegan J. Oliver , Crissman John D. , Fullen William , Shumrick Donald A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractReconstruction of the pharynx and cervical esophagus presents a tremendous surgical challenge to the Head and Neck Surgeon. Over the past 2 years the free jejunal graft with microvascular anastomosis has been used in 12 consecutive cases. Careful follow‐up included not only clinical assessment, but regular radiographic evaluation, as well as fiberoptic esophagoscopy and biopsy of the jejunum.In our experience the indications for this procedure can be classified as follows: 1. Total laryngopharyngectomy and partial esophagectomy for malignancy. 2. Radical pharyngeal resection for stomal recurrence after previous failed total laryngectomy (including mediastinal dissection). 3. Persistent benign pharyngeal stricture refractory to conservative management. 4. Second‐stage pharyngeal reconstruction in patients with a pharyngostome and esophagostome.Aspects of the technique will be presented, as well as an analysis of the results. These results have proved most encouraging with only one absolute failure. Major advantages are a significant shortening of hospital stay and a much earlier and easier rehabilitation as compared to other methods of reconstruction. The only other significant complications in the series were stricture at the lower anastomosis and a temporary pharyngocutaneous fistula in one case.In conclusion, we at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center are of the opinion that free jejunal graft offers an excellent safe and relative easy method of pharyngeal and cervical esophageal reconstruction with significant advantages over other techniques.
Subtotal laryngectomy
Authors: Pearson Bruce W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA subtotal laryngectomy may meet the requirements of adequate tumor resection in many patients who normally would undergo total laryngectomy. The uninvolved column of innervated endolarynx sacrificed at total laryngectomy to separate the airway and the food way can be preserved to valve a speaking shunt. Such a shunt remains patent and sphincteric without the use of a prosthesis and offers consistent advantages over “post‐total” laryngectomy reconstructions.This report describes the principles of subtotal laryngectomy applied in 16 patients with laryngeal or pharyngeal carcinoma. The technique ensures entry into the larynx through tumor‐free soft tissues and keeps the tumor margins under direct vision thereafter. During follow‐up ranging from 6 months to 6 years, fistula speech has been retained and no local tumor has recurred.
Nasal dermal sinuses — New concepts and explanations
Authors: Sessions Roy B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUtilizing a series of 13 consecutive patients with nasal dermal sinus‐cyst (NDSC) as a basis for study, this area of embryopathology was reexamined in light of the known and also the speculative knowledge available. Four of these patients had NDSC that involved the intracranial cavity and these served as a basis for correlating preoperative radiologic findings with what was actually found at the time of surgery. In so doing, we have been able to show that the pathogenesis of these lesions is consistent and the predictability of their intracranial involvement is based on this consistency. The repeated penetration through the prenasal space and into the foramen cecum is accompanied by a characteristic deformity of the base of the skull that is entirely recognizable radiographically. A protocol of findings has been developed, therefore, that allows the surgeon to be forewarned regarding the depths to which NDSC extends, and as such to design the surgical procedure to fit the lesion.The more basic findings for this study relate to the demonstration in human embryos of an anatomic reason why intracranial dermal cysts grow in the manner in which they do, i.e., in the substance of the falx cerebri; and even more basically, with additional human embryo studies we have been able to demonstrate a neuroectodermal pathway through the prenasal space, thus definitively confirming previous speculated embryomorphologic information. By corroborating the placement of the dermal displacement in the prenasal space, we have speculated that the NDSC is often but one disorder in a spectrum of aberrations which involves not only dermal and neural displacement, but also cranial floor deformities.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (or subglottic stenosis?)
Authors: Mann Douglas G. , Kirchner John A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia has now become the most common chronic lung disease of early childhood, and is a sequel of neonatal intensive care. The condition is characterized by interstitial fibrosis, agenesis of pulmonary alveoli, and distension of the remaining lung tissue. The resultant stiffness of the lung leads to noisy, labored respiration with retraction of the soft tissues of the thorax during inspiration which may easily be mistaken for the signs of subglottic stenosis.Two cases which illustrate the problem are presented. The mechanism underlying the clinical picture is discussed.
The anatomic limitations of co2 laser cordectomy
Authors: Kim Davis R. , Jako Geza J. , Hyams Vincent J. , Shapshay Stanley M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe anatomical limitations of CO2 laser cordectomy in an experimental setting with maximal exposure are presented. The major limitation is the thyroid cartilage. This is reached in the area of anterior commissure tendon by removal of only 2 to 3 mm of soft tissue. Most posteriorly in the larynx, the distance to the thyroid cartilage becomes progressively greater, being 5.3 mm at mid‐cord and 9.0 mm at the anterior end of the vocal process of the arytenoid. The inferior limitation is the cricothyroid membrane. Anteriorly this is avoided by not extending laser excision more inferiorly than 5 mm's. Posterolaterally, the limitation is the para‐arytenoid musculature. Excisional biopsy or staging with the laser must be within the framework of these limitations.
Cochleosaccular degeneration of the inner ear and progressive cataracts inherited as an autosomal dominant trait
Authors: Nadol Joseph B. , Burgess Barbara 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA new syndrome of cataracts and progressive sensorineural hearing loss, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, is described. The histopathology of the inner ears in the proband demonstrated severe degeneration limited to the cochlea and saccule. This case represents the second reported example of genetically determined cochleosaccular degeneration in man.The cochleosaccular pattern of histopathology is found in both man and animals and may be the end result of prenatal dysplasia or postnatal degeneration. It also appears that cochleosaccular dysplasia and degeneration may be the result of genetically determined or acquired defects. Previously reported examples of cochleosaccular dysplasia and degeneration are reviewed including human cases in which the histopathology is similar to, but not characteristic of, the cochleosaccular pattern.
Transantral ligation of the internal maxillary artery
Authors: Nair Krishanan K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTransantral internal maxillary ligation for epistaxis is becoming more and more popular. The intention of this paper is to bring home three points: 1. only the arterial trunk need be ligated to obtain the anticipated results, 2. by following certain guidelines the operating time can be cut down by at least 45 minutes, and 3. if the procedure is carried out in time, it can be cost‐effective. As time goes on, more and more patients will be added to this analysis and eventually reported.
Cellular DNA amounts of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region in relation to prognosis
Authors: Holm Lars‐Erik 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCytophotometric measurements of Feulgen DNA content were made in individual tumor cells from 45 patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region. Eleven carcinomas were found to have a predominantly diploid distribution of DNA values, while the remaining 34 carcinomas were non‐diploid. In 11 of the tumors — not entirely identical with the diploid tumors — 50% or less of the malignant cells had DNA values exceeding the modal diploid value (DNAG1 + 2 S.D.), whereas 34 had higher DNA values.The non‐diploid carcinomas and those where >50% of the cells had DNA values >DNAG1 + 2 S.D. showed more advanced clinical stage, due to the presence of regional metastases. They were also associated with a poorer prognosis than the diploid carcinomas or those with ≤50% of the cells with DNA values >DNAG1 + 2 S.D. Cellular DNA amounts seemed to be of greater prognostic value than type of ploidy. The study indicates that DNA analysis may contribute important information on the biological behavior and prognosis of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region.
Trauma and meniere's syndrome.
Authors: Paparella Michael M. , Mancini Fernando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThirty‐seven patients who developed Meniere's syndrome following acoustic (18) and physical (19) trauma are described and discussed. Histopathologic characteristics, which appear identical to idiopathic Meniere's disease, are described in a gentleman who developed Meniere's syndrome after head trauma. Concepts of cause and effect relationships and pathogenesis are discussed.