bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xerostomic complaints induced by an anti‐sialogogue in healthy young vs. older adults
Authors: Patel Puravi S. , Ghezzi Elisa M. , Ship Jonathan A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTComplaints of xerostomia and salivary hypofunction are common in older adults. However, recent studies reported that dehydration‐induced salivary hypofunction caused fewer xerostomic complaints in older compared with young adults. This may predispose older adults to developing oral problems that will subsequently not receive attention from health care providers. Since many medications are known to inhibit salivation, this study attempted to determine if an anticholinergic drug (glycopyrrolate) had a differential effect on xerostomic complaints in young vs. older adults. Eighteen young (age 20–38 yrs) and 18 older (age 60–77 yrs) healthy adults were given a 4.0 g/kg dose of IV glycopyrrolate. For 6 hrs after drug administration, stimulated parotid salivary flow was collected, and an eight‐item Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) subjective xerostomia test was given. At several time points post‐IV glycopyrrolate, salivary flow rates were consistently lower in older compared with young adults. For some measures of xerostomic complaint (time to first complaint; time to maximum complaint; mean maximum complaint), there were no age‐related differences for all VAS items. However, a trend for increased xerostomic complaints in older adults was demonstrated (time to recovery; total duration of complaint; number xerostomic at 6 hrs). These findings suggest that, given equal doses of an anti‐sialogogue, salivary hypofunction is greater in healthy older adults, while increased complaints of xerostomia are not as consistent.
Coping with tooth pain: a qualitative study of lay management strategies and professional consultation
Authors: Stoller Eleanor Palo , Gilbert Gregg H. , Pyle Marsha A. , Duncan R. Paul 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis research analyzes transcripts of semistructured interviews with patients presenting with tooth pain at a rural dental clinic in North Florida. The primary objectives are to identify the strategies patients use to manage their pain and to elucidate the decision‐making process leading to the clinic visit. Although respondents understood that their condition was not self‐limiting, only about one‐half contacted the clinic within several days of the onset of their pain. Most tried one or more lay management strategies.
Risk factors for dental caries in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: dos Santos Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues , Masiero Danilo , Simionato Maria Regina Lorenzetti 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the oral condition and the salivary and microbiological parameters associated with dental caries in 62 children with cerebral palsy, who came from households of low socioeconomic status (Study Group). This group had mixed (6 to 11 years old) and permanent (11 to 16 years old) dentition. Dental examinations were performed to measure dental caries, plaque index, salivary levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli, salivary flow rate, pH of stimulated saliva, and buffer capacity of saliva. A group of 67 non‐handicapped children from similar socioeconomic backgrounds also were examined using these parameters (Control Group). Data were analyzed statistically by non‐parametric tests and by correlation. The results showed that children with cerebral palsy who had permanent dentitions had a higher mean decayed, missing and filled surfaces index, as well as a higher plaque index for both sexes. Microbiological examination revealed higher levels of mutans streptococci among Study Group subjects with mixed dentition than in the Control Group. Also, lactobacillus counts were higher in the Study Group, regardless of sex or dentition. With respect to salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity, lower mean values were obtained for the Study Group.
Elder mistreatment: dental assessment and intervention
Authors: Cowen Howard J. , Cowen Perle Slavik 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTElder mistreatment has increasingly been recognized as a serious and complex health issue affecting large numbers of elders each year. Dependent elder populations are often at heightened risk for mistreatment by those individuals and institutions that care for them. Health professionals have been found to lack knowledge regarding assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and reporting criteria of elder mistreatment. This article reviews the types and prevalence of elder mistreatment, risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive interventions, and ethical considerations.Dentistry,elder mistreatment/ assessment,elder mistreatment/interventions.
Oral diseases and conditions in community‐living older adults with and without dementia
Authors: Chalmers Jane M. , Carter Knute D. , Spencer A. John 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis study compared the prevalence and experiences of oral diseases and conditions, as well as tooth loss and retained root status, in community‐dwelling older adults with and without dementia. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline and at one‐year for randomly selected samples of 116 dentate community‐living older adults with dementia and a comparable group of 116 adults without dementia. Participants with dementia had significantly higher experiences of oral diseases and conditions at baseline and one‐year compared with participants without dementia: decreased use of dentures; increased prevalence of denture‐related oral mucosal lesions; increased plaque accumulation; increased prevalence and experiences of coronal and root caries; and increased numbers of decayed retained tooth roots. These higher experiences of oral diseases and conditions were related to dementia severity, not to specific dementia diagnoses. Participants with dementia already had a compromised oral health status when admitted into institutional long‐term care between baseline and one‐year; of concern were the high plaque levels on the natural teeth of the group of institutionalized participants with dementia.
Practical protocols for the prevention of dental disease in community settings for people with special needs: the protocols
Authors: Glassman Paul , Anderson Max , Jacobsen Peter , Schonfeld Steve , Weintraub Jane , White Alex , Gall Teran , Hammersmark Sandra , Isman Robert , Miller Christine Ernst , Noel David , Silverstein Steve , Young Douglas 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPeople with special needs have more dental disease and more missing teeth than the general population. They also have reduced access to oral health diagnostic, preventive, interceptive and treatment services. If services are available, they can be complicated and costly. It is critical to prevent dental diseases in these individuals. This article presents a set of practical protocols for preventing dental disease in people with special needs. These protocols are designed to be used in community settings outside of a dental office.
Dental status, xerostomia and the oral health‐related quality of life of an elderly institutionalized population
Authors: Locker David 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe author examined the relative effects of tooth loss and xerostomia on the oral health‐related quality of life of an elderly, medically compromised population, living in a long‐term care setting. Data were collected from 225 subjects (mean age: 83 years) via a questionnaire and review of dental charts. Oral health‐related quality of life was assessed using self‐ratings, satisfaction ratings, an index of chewing capacity, the GOHAI, and OH1P‐14. Almost all participants had one or more chronic medical conditions and were taking prescribed medications. Two‐thirds of the study group was dentulous with a mean number of 16 remaining teeth. One‐third of the participants had scores on a xerostomia index indicating marked oral dryness. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, xerostomia index scores were significantly associated with all oral health‐related quality of life outcomes. Dental status was associated with chewing capacity only. The results suggest that xerostomia has an important influence on the well‐being and quality of life of this population.
Supervised toothbrushing and oral health education program in Kuwait for children and young adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Shyama Maddi , Al‐Mutawa Sabiha A. , Honkala Sisko , Honkala Eino 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe authors report on the effectiveness of a school‐based, supervised toothbrushing program among a group of 112 children with Down syndrome in Kuwait. The study involved 45 boys and 67 girls, who ranged in age from 11–22 years (mean, 14.8 years). The participants had moderate mental retardation and attended one of two special needs schools. Plaque was scored according to the Silness and Loe plaque index and gingivitis according to the Loe and Silness gingival index. Supervised toothbrushing and dental health education sessions were conducted twice a week. The program was evaluated at the end of three months. The mean plaque score decreased from 1.93 to 0.95 (p < 0.001), and the mean gingival score from 2.00 to 0.83 (p < 0.001). This three‐month supervised toothbrushing program was effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis scores, but the key to long‐term success of the program is sustaining the children's motivation to make oral hygiene a part of their daily life.
Leukemic gingival infiltrate as an indicator of chemotherapeutic failure following monoclonal antibody therapy: a case report
Authors: Sollecito Thomas P. , Draznin Julia , Parisi Ernesta , Duffy Kathleen , Stadtmauer Edward A. , Luger Selina M. , Schuster Stephen J. , Tsai Donald , Porter David L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTTreatment options are limited for patients with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), particularly when the disease is refractory to standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. Targeted drug therapy offers the advantage of delivering higher doses of non‐cross‐resistant chemotherapy with potentially less systemic toxicity. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg, Wyeth‐Ayerst Laboratories) is an immunoconjugate that consists of humanized anti‐CD 33 antibody linked to the potent anti‐tumor antibiotic calicheamicin and has been an effective therapy for some patients with relapsed AML. However, the overall utility of gemtuzumab ozogamicin is not well defined. For instance, it is not known how well this antibody will target extramedullar/ disease. This article reports gemtuzumab treatment of refractory AML in a 32–year‐old man. At the time of recurrence, his bone marrow was hypoplastic and without leukemia, but the condition progressed resulting in marked leukemic infiltration of the oral mucosa. This case history raises the possibility that leukemic sanctuary sites may exist, and that monoclonal antibody therapy may have sub‐optimal activity in non‐medullary sites of disease.
Oral health: perceptions of need in a rural Iowa county
Authors: Ettinger Ronald L. , Warren John J. , Levy Steven M. , Hand Jed S. , Merchant James A. , Stromquist Ann M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSeveral studies have shown that oral health problems impact the quality of life of older adults. However, few data are available to describe the oral health status, barriers to care, and patterns of care for adults and older populations living in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perceived need for treatment of oral health problems by adult residents in a rural county in Iowa.The oral health component was part of a larger longitudinal health study of the residents. The sample was stratified into three groups by residence, that is, farm households, rural non‐farm households and town households. The sample was subsequently post‐stratified by gender and age group into young elderly, 65–74 years old, and old elderly, 75 years and older.Dentition status varied according to age and was related to the perception of treatment needs. Edentulous persons had fewer perceived treatment needs and utilized a dentist less frequently. Place of residence, education, and marital status were not associated with the subjects' perceived problems with eating and chewing. However, persons with difficulty chewing were more likely to have some missing upper teeth, have a perceived need to have denture work, and have smoked for a number of years. The results suggest that this rural population is retaining more teeth and consequently may need and may seek dental services more often than previous more edentulous cohorts.
Evaluation of Class I ART restorations in Brazilian schoolchildren: three‐year results
Authors: Wang Linda , Lopes Lawrence Gonzaga , Bresciani Eduardo , Lauris José Roberto Pereira , Mondelli Rafael Francisco Lia , Navarro Maria Fidela de Lima 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAtraumetic Restorative Treatment (ART) has been adopted around the world to avoid unnecessary extractions, especially in non‐industrialized countries The development of specific glass ionomer cements marketed for the ART technique has contributed to the technical success rate. In this study. Ketac‐Molara (3M ESPE. Dental Medzn Germany) was used to restore 150 Class I cavities in 118 Brazilian public school children, aged from 7–12 years. At baseline and at subsequent recalls. CPI probes with a ball‐end of 0.5 millimeters (mm) were used to assess loss of restorative material, and photographic color transparencies of restorations were made. After six months. 83 patients returned for follow‐up examinations, with 71.8% of their restorations designated as acceptable. After three years. 49 patients with 57 ART‐restorations were evaluated, with 21.0% of these restorations graded as acceptable Another 29.8% of their restorations had been replaced by more permanent materials. The main objective of the ART technique is tooth retention; this was achieved for 94.7% of the restored teeth in a high caries risk population who returned for recalls.
The oral health of children with Down syndrome in Ireland
Authors: Bradley Conac , McAlister Triona 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe authors investigated the oral health of a convenience sample of 71 children with Down syndrome. The study group had a lower caries prevalence but similar levels of unmet treatment needs as children at special and mainstream schools. Treatment experience varied with age: 5‐year‐olds had more extractions and fewer restorations, and 15‐year olds had fewer extractions and more restorations. The number of teeth with fissure sealants was comparable to that of other children in Special Needs Schools. Although the study group had poor oral hygiene, a need for advanced periodontal treatment was not evident. Few had evidence of dental trauma. Malocclusion was prevalent. Through a government‐funded program, most of the sample had seen a dentist within the previous year, and few parents reported problems accessing dental care.This study suggests that services targeted toward groups with special needs could generate outcomes comparable to those seen in other service users. A finding that also may hold true for other underserved populations.
Dental management prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Morimoto Yoshinari , Niwa Hitoshi , Imai Yuichiro , Kirita Tadaaki 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe authors investigated oral health treatment in patients scheduled for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Fifteen patients were scheduled for bone marrow transplantation: 12 had leukemia, two had aplastic anemia, and one had myelodysplastic syndrome. Twenty‐three patients were scheduled to undergo peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: 20 had malignant lymphoma and three had leukemia.Patients with platelet counts of ≤ 50,000/mm3 who required tooth extraction and those with platelet counts of ≤ 30,000/mm3 who required scaling received platelet transfusions before the dental treatment. We saw no bleeding problems in these patients.Dental care for patients who had neutrophil counts of ≥ 500/mm3 included tooth extractions or scaling, with no postoperative infection. Even those with severe immunosuppression (neutrophil count: 100–150/mm3) tolerated treatment when prophylactic measures, such as intravenous administration of antibiotics, were used. One patient with a neutrophil count of ≤ 50/mm3 developed an infection after even conservative therapy. Thus, caution should be exercised when treating patients scheduled for HSCT as even conservative therapy can initiate and infection.
Gainsharing in a general practice residency: Report of an experience
Authors: Durham Timothy M. , Lange Brian , Carroll Kathy , Brown David 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPostgraduate general dentistry programs are facing critical problems with funding, resident recruitment and viability, Recent federal actions reduced and eliminated graduate medical education (GME) support for some programs, and rising student debt and increasingly lucrative private practice opportunities reduce the value of postgraduate general dentistry experiences. Faced with these complex and interlinked challenges, the University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry General Practice Residency implemented a gainshare plan. The first 12 months of the plan produced a 44% increase in production and a concomitant 42% increase in actual collections resulting in enough funds to provide remuneration over base salary for residents, staff and faculty. The plan also compensated the Dean, the host department and the College of Dentistry while also funding the development of a reserve account for program enhancement and future stipend support. Gainshare concepts, rationale and details of the pilot plan are presented along with a discussion of key outcomes and experiences.
Progressing toward a more culturally competent approach to dental care for African American elders
Authors: Slaughter Ann , Smith Virginia J. , Taylor Lynne 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to understand perceptions that may influence oral self‐care behaviors among elderly African American adults living in an urban community. Four focus groups at two senior centers were recruited, involving a total of 25 participants. Content analysis and ethnographic summaries were used to identify themes, common concepts and language. The results indicated that although the participants recognized the advantages of routine brushing, the importance of keeping teeth clean to prevent gum disease was not widely acknowledged. On the basis of these focus groups, the authors suggest that health promotion approaches for adults who are elderly should be linked to the audience's cultural norms and perceptions regarding the benefits of oral hygiene practices.
Designing and implementing a school‐based dental program for students with developmental disabilities
Authors: York Jill A. , Holtzman Joseph M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTStudents with developmental disabilities in Atlantic County Special Services School District (ACSSSD) receive on‐site dental care through a program created by UMDNJ‐New Jersey Dental School (NJDS). The program's goal was to coordinate dental school resources with those of a school district, county agencies and the Delta Dental Foundation to provide quality dental services to the students, aged 3–21 years. The University developed a Needs Assessment Survey and distributed 450 surveys to the students' parent/guardian(s). Completed surveys were returned by 131 respondents. Of the 131 children represented, 75 had not been seen by a dentist within the past year. In response to guardian reported access problems, UMDNJ‐NJDS and ACSSSD developed a school‐based dental care delivery system and a program for health promotion and disease.
A Comparison of the Gingival Health of Children with Down Syndrome to Healthy Children Residing in an Institution
Authors: Morinushi Takanobu , Lopatin Dennis E. , Nakao Rie , Kinjyo Sachiko 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to compare the onset and severity of gingivitis in children with Down syndrome, when compared to a healthy control group of children. The subjects included 41 children with Down syndrome ages two to 14 years (mean age: 7.6 years) and 112 age‐matched healthy controls. We assessed the gingival health of all subjects using the gingival inflammation (M‐PMA) index and periodontal probing depth (PD). Children were divided into three age categories: <5 years (AD, 5 to <10 years (AID, and 10 to <17 years (AIII). Supragingival plaque was measured using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and the subjects were screened with the BANA test (Perioscan‐Oral‐B). Measurement of the M‐PMA index in the healthy children showed an age‐related increase (F = 10.369. p<0.001), and the M‐PMA index at the younger age group <5 year (AD was significantly lower than that for the other two age groups AII or AIII (p<0.005, p<0.001). In contrast, the M‐PMA index values at AI and AIII in the subjects with Down syndrome were significantly higher than those for healthy children (p<0.001, p<0.001). Both groups had an age‐related increase in PD (F=3.388, p<0.05 & F= 10.806, p<0.001). and PD at AIII was significantly higher than that at AI in both groups (p<0.01, p<0.001). The children with Down syndrome showed an age‐related increase in the BANA test score (F=3.452, p<0.05), and the BANA test score at AIII was significantly higher than that at AI (p<0.02). The BANA test score in the healthy children was not age‐related but was significantly higher than that in the children with Down syndrome (p<0.02, p<0.05).
Oral health status of homeless people in Hong Kong
Authors: Luo Yan , McGrath Colman 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe authors report on an oral health survey among Hong Kong Chinese homeless people. A total of 140 homeless men underwent clinical examination and were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. More than 90% had evidence of caries experience; most (75%) were related to untreated caries. The mean DMFT score was 9.0 (DT=3.2, MT=5.2. FT=0.6). Periodontal disease was highly prevalent, with 96% having periodontal pockets. The dental problems most frequently reported by the homeless were: bleeding gums or drifting teeth (62%), dental pain (52%) and tooth trauma (38%). More than 70% of the study's participants perceived a need for dental care. The population surveyed had poorer oral health compared to the general population. High levels of dental needs, both normative and perceived, were found. There is a need to provide more accessible and affordable oral health services to this group of people.
Oral health‐related quality of life of children with neutropenia
Authors: Cheretakis Chrisovalantou , Locker David , Dror Yigal , Glogauer Michael 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the oral health‐related quality of life (OHQoL) in children with neutropenia. Twenty‐seven children with neutropenia were compared to 33 healthy, age‐matched control subjects. Previously validated age‐specific, multidimensional and self‐reporting child OHQoL questionnaires were used. Overall and subscale scores were compared between the two groups. Respondents in the group of children with neutropenia reported that their disease had a significant impact on their oral health in terms of oral symptoms (p<0.0001), functional limitations (p<0.0001), and social well‐being (p<0.0001). In global ratings, they rated their oral health to be markedly worse than that of the healthy subjects (p<0.0001). However, there was no difference between the groups in the extent to which their oral condition affected their lives overall. These results, along with responses to individual measures of social and emotional well‐being, suggest that children in this group with neutropenia have psychologically adapted to the oral health challenges they experience because of their condition.