bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed-valent Fe films (‘schwimmeisen’) on the surface of reduced ephemeral pools
Authors: Grathoff Georg H. , Baham John E. , Easterly Heather R. , Gassman Paul , Hugo Richard C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFloating, mixed-valent Fe films have been observed worldwide in wetlands, ferrous iron-rich seeps, and in seasonally reduced soils, but are usually misidentified as oil or biofilms. There has been little characterization or explanation of their formation. Along the Oregon coast such films were found on ephemeral pools where Fe(II)-rich groundwater (∼100 µM Fe) has been discharged at the base of Pleistocene sand dunes. Fe(II) oxidized to Fe(III) at the air-water interface to form ∼100–300 nm thick films. Analyses indicated that the films contained both Fe(III) and Fe(II) in a ratio of 3:1; Si was the other main cation; OH was the main anion and some C was also identified. The film morphology was flat under optical and electron microscopy with some attached floccules having a string-like morphology. Energy-filtered electron diffraction patterns showed three diffraction rings at 4.5, 2.6 and 1.4 Å in some places and two rings (2.6 and 1.4 Å) in others. Upon further oxidation the films became 2-line ferrihydrite. We are proposing the name ‘schwimmeisen’ for the floating, mixed-valent Fe film.
Making a Go of It: Paternity and Prohibition in the Films of Wes Anderson
Authors: Gooch Joshua 
Published: November 2007

Abstract: Wes Anderson's films are narratives about fatherhood structured by fatherhood, both in terms of technique and thematics. Reading Anderson's films through a Lacanian lens reveals the impact of castration on Anderson's work and how his films put viewers through the work of signification and its concomitant losses.
A comparison of efficiency of two photoinitiators for polymerization of light‐cure dental composite resins
Authors: Lizymol P. P. , Krishnan V. Kalliyana 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to compare the effect of two photoinitiators, (−)camphorquinone (CQ) and 1‐phenyl‐1,2‐propanedione (PPD) on curing performance of light‐cure dental composite resins. Bisphenol A‐glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA)/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) monomer mixture was used as the resin matrix. The resin matrix was mixed with CQ and/or PPD along with 0.25% of 4‐(dimethyl amino) phenethyl alcohol (DMAPEA) catalyst. The effect of photoinitiator on curing performance was evaluated and compared in terms of properties such as depth of cure, diametral tensile strength (DTS), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), vickers hardness number (VHN), water sorption (WS), and solubility of cured composite. Statistical evaluation using Analysis of Variance (single factor) showed that the photosensitization efficiency of CQ and PPD are comparable. However, their combination showed synergistic effect for properties such as DTS and solubility. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Factors which affect the stability of highly unsaturated fatty acids. I. Differences in the oxidation of conjugated and nonconjugated linoleic acid
Authors: Allen R. R. , Jackson A. , Kummerow F. A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe autoxidation of Δ9, 12 and Δ10, 12 methyl linoleate or the acids of these methyl esters was carried out under various conditions and the changes in characteristics compared by the removal of small samples at selected intervals of time. The results indicated that during the initial stages of autoxidation of Δ9, 12 methyl linoleate at 30°C. all of the oxygen could be demonstrated as peroxide, oxygen. On the other hand, no peroxide oxygen was former until the Δ10, 12 methyl linoleate had been oxidized for more than 100 hours. Furthermore, it was suggested that oxygen at room temperature was as effective in rearranging the CH:CH CH2 CH:CH system as alkali hydroxide and high temperature.
Spectrophotometric and chromatographic investigations of the oil of sapium sebiferum
Authors: Huang Pao‐Tung , Holman Palph T. , Potts William M. 
Published: November 2007

Summary

Absorption spectra of stillingia oil and its acids indicate the presence of a new fatty acid with a smooth absorption band having a maximum at 2600 Å and an inflection at 3100 Å. This light absorptive property appears to be associated with the optical activity and high refractive index. The light absorption and optical activity are reduced by heat in the absence of air.

The unknown constituent can be concentrated by chromatographic adsorption of the ethyl esters in alcohol solution on an alumina column.

Chromatography of stillingia oil indicates that it can be separated into fraction having widely different properties.
Fixed oils of Mexico. IV. Napahuite (Trichilia hirta L.)
Authors: Munguia Rodolfo Ruiz , Millares Ricardo , Gurley N. F. , Lloyd W. R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe physical and chemical characteristics of the oil from the seed of the napahuite, tre (Trichilia hirta L.) have been determined.The composition of the oil has been calculated.
Fixed oils of Mexico. V. Mamey (Calocarpum mammamosum L.)
Authors: Munguia Rodolfo Ruiz , Millares Ricardo , Gurley N. F. , Lloyd W. R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe physical and chemical characteristics of the oil of the fruit of the mamey [Calocarpum mammosum (L.) Pierre] have been reported.The composition of the oil has been calculated.
GEAR: genomic enrichment analysis of regional DNA copy number changes
Authors: Kim Tae-Min , Jung Yu-Chae , Rhyu Mun-Gan , Jung Myeong Ho , Chung Yeun-Jun 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Summary: We developed an algorithm named GEAR (genomic enrichment analysis of regional DNA copy number changes) for functional interpretation of genome-wide DNA copy number changes identified by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. GEAR selects two types of chromosomal alterations with potential biological relevance, i.e. recurrent and phenotype-specific alterations. Then it performs functional enrichment analysis using a priori selected functional gene sets to identify primary and clinical genomic signatures. The genomic signatures identified by GEAR represent functionally coordinated genomic changes, which can provide clues on the underlying molecular mechanisms related to the phenotypes of interest. GEAR can help the identification of key molecular functions that are activated or repressed in the tumor genomes leading to the improved understanding on the tumor biology.
Availability: GEAR software is available with online manual in the website, http://www.systemsbiology.co.kr/GEAR/.
Contact: yejun@catholic.ac.kr
Pupil use of a school intranet's library pages
Authors: Shenton Andrew K. , Johnson Andrew 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate pupil use of a newly‐created section of a school intranet established to promote greater interest in the organisation's library.Design/methodology/approachIn October 2006, data collected over a two‐week period via Microsoft SharePoint, the software which supports the intranet, were examined in order to explore overall levels of use of the library pages, differences in interest between girls and boys, variations in use among youngsters in the particular year groups and the extent to which use changed over time.FindingsAlthough an equal number of girls and boys visited the library pages, the former recorded more hits. Use was greatest among Year Eleven females but few youngsters of either gender or any age returned to the library section on a day subsequent to their initial visit. Interest fell away rapidly within days of the principal phase of data collection commencing.Research limitations/implicationsThe data employed were limited to the usage figures provided by the SharePoint log. Future research should, if possible, address whether the new intranet section has led to greater use of the actual library.Practical implicationsTo ensure that consultation of library pages is sustained over a prolonged period, much needs to be done to tie their content into wider school activities.Originality/valueThis is the first paper devoted to pupil use of a section of a school intranet specifically developed to publicise the organisation's library, and it will interest both academics studying young people's information behaviour and school librarians considering ways of promoting their libraries.
Disciplinary repositories in the social sciences
Authors: Xia Jingfeng 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the development of disciplinary repositories in the social sciences.Design/methodology/approachThe concentration of this article is on a discussion of the operational styles of existing repositories.FindingsThe paper argues that appropriate operational styles of digital repositories will change the culture of information exchange in the social science disciplines. It finds that many successful repositories have employed the strategy of decentralization in their operations. This model can efficiently and effectively reach individual scholars in broad areas.Originality/valueMost existing repositories in the social sciences have not gained ground in attracting scholars. They could learn from successful repositories to improve their own operational plans.
Representing evidence about interpersonal relationships of public people in the Semantic Web
Authors: García‐Barriocanal Elena , Sicilia Miguel‐Angel 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe an attempt to provide a model for the description of the major aspects of historical interpersonal relationships between celebrities, with a focus on modelling different kinds of evidence about them, from documented and contrasted data to mere rumours.Design/methodology/approachThe approach takes the form of analysis of cases and ontology engineering. A formal schema is provided for the model. The way information can be organized according to this is illustrated with examples about life facts and rumours regarding a popular Hollywood actress.FindingsSome web systems that exploit the representation of personal relationships for purposes such as finding jobs or business opportunities have gained popularity recently. These systems enable users to take advantage of their personal information when combined with information provided by others who are willing to attain similar objectives. However, the importance of that kind of social information can also be applied to other fields in which the information is not directly provided by users, but comes from historical evidence or indirect sources. This is especially relevant to creating knowledge representations that attempt to reconstruct the social networks of celebrities or historical characters.Originality/valueThe model described in this paper can be used to gain insight regarding the historical course of their lives, and of their work relationships, as affected by personal ties. Further, the model could also be used to understand other culture‐bound issues or phenomena in the social sphere.
E‐Sri Lanka: bridging the digital divide
Authors: Gamage Premila , Halpin Edward F. 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe overall aim of this study is to examine the impact of e‐Sri Lanka's Telecentre Development Programme in bridging the digital divide.Design/methodology/approachA survey research method was used in the study to collect qualitative and quantitative data from actual and potential Telecentre users in relevant communities. The study was carried out through a survey. The primary sample comprised of 30 percent of the Telecentres. The secondary sample included users and potential users around the Telecentres. The total number of users and potential users was 338. The study was conducted from early January 2005 to the of end February 2006.FindingsThe survey data disclosed that still only a small percentage of the total population are aware of Telecentres and use the facilities offered by them. The crucial factor affecting usage is language. According to the majority of respondents, as they understand only native languages they have not benefited from services such as like the internet and e‐mail. The content or the information that can be offered through Telecentres plays a pivotal role in this regard. Out of the 70 percent of rural population, the majority are not familiar with the English language. Therefore, Sinhala‐ and Tamil‐speaking people are disadvantaged. The survey data confirms that all Telecentres are highly (100 per cent) dependent on subsidies provided by ICTA. Hence, the sustainability of Telecentres is questionable at present.Research limitations/implicationsThe Telecentres situated in the North East region had to be excluded from the study due to the resumption of hostilities between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), and a corresponding lack of access and security in the region. The North East Province contains 9.84 per cent of Telecentres set up under the project.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study will help policy makers, decision makers and donors to properly address the key issues such as connectivity, accessibility, content and services, sustainability, skills development, partnerships with stakeholders and the needs of disadvantaged groups. Further, the problems and successes identified by the study will be useful for policy and decision makers to ensure the sustainability of the Telecentres and how the e‐Sri Lanka initiative and especially the 1,000 Telecentre project could be used to narrow the digital divide in Sri Lanka.Originality/valueThis will be the first in‐depth study on the Telecentres, which are one of the major components of the government's e‐Sri Lanka initiative. The findings and methods used to analyse the data will be relevant to future studies of community‐based ICT initiatives and the broader areas of information‐seeking, information‐seeking behaviour, and user needs.
Cataloguing and classification online: the experience of Redeemer's University Library
Authors: Adeleke A.A. , Olorunsola R. 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the use of ICT by cataloguers at a private university library in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachA description of the procedures and processes undertaken is given.FindingsThe description of the processes involved in the use of ICT by cataloguers reveals the effectiveness and efficiency of online searches for the purpose of cataloguing and classification. A few were identified. The study shows the potential offered by the use of ICT, which libraries in developing nations – and indeed Nigeria – have not fully embraced. The paper reveals the low level of ICT literacy in libraries in Nigeria and concludes that this is a result of the deficiency in the practical training of librarians in the use of ICT in Nigerian library schools.Practical implicationsThe conclusion is that there is an urgent need for librarians in developing nations to gain proficiency in the use of ICT as a tool in libraries.Originality/valueThe paper provides information on the level of ICT use for cataloguing and classification in a private university library in Nigeria. This experience shows the importance of why libraries in developing countries should address the desired level of ICT literacy among their librarians.
Determinants of client‐initiated and auditor‐initiated auditor changes
Authors: Calderon Thomas G. , Ofobike Emeka 
Published: November 2007

PurposePrior studies include auditor‐initiated (AI) and client‐initiated (CI) auditor changes together and conduct research as though they were the same. This paper aims to hypothesize that AI and CI changes are driven by different interests and to examine factors that could explain and predict them.Design/methodology/approachBased on the prior literature, the authors classified factors into AI and CI categories a priori, and then developed hypotheses that aligned with the classification. The data source is AuditAnalytics.FindingsThe univariate and multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that CI and AI separations are driven by different interests. The empirically determined prediction model (a classification and regression trees (CART)‐generated six‐step process), which performed better than other multivariate models, classifies AI and CI auditor separations with an accuracy rate of 68 percent.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that future research should incorporate the differences between AI and CI separations into their studies. One intriguing issue is the lack of importance of the variable audit fees to total fees in the CART model. Though statistically significant in some of the multivariate analyses, the variable is not important in the CART model. This issue merits further investigation as it could provide important insight into dependency issues that are presumed by current audit regulation.Practical implicationsThe paper has important implications for practice. It offers insight into factors that drive CI and AI auditor separations. The CART model may serve as a decision aid for both auditors and regulators as they contemplate and evaluate auditor change decisions.Originality/valueThe paper provides original insight into AI and CI auditor changes when considered as distinct issues that are driven by different interests.
Going concern modifications, CPA firm size, and the Enron effect
Authors: Nogler George E. 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe bankruptcy of Enron and the subsequent demise of Arthur Andersen brought intense scrutiny to the accounting profession. That these events would have an effect on auditor going concern modification judgments and accounting regulation would not be surprising. This study aims to look at 1,204 publicly traded firms that filed bankruptcy in the period January 1, 1997 through December 31, 2005.Design/methodology/approachThe observations are divided into pre‐Enron and post‐Enron periods. The paper finds the 18 largest bankruptcies represented 47 percent of the total assets entering bankruptcy in this period.FindingsThe going concern modification rate in the pre‐Enron period was 44.5 percent, in the post‐Enron period, 61.9 percent. Findings show auditors, in the presence of a consistent standard, nevertheless modify their decision making as a result of external events. This study further looks at the impact of outliers on this decision and on differences by firm size.Research limitations/implicationsBy considering the entire population of publicly traded firms filing bankruptcy, overall implications and statistics are provided. This method does not allow the use of certain traditional modeling techniques.Practical implicationsThe research shows auditors, despite a consistent standard, vary their going concern judgments based upon external events. The paper also suggests that “one size fits all” regulatory models may not be cost effective across the population of public firms.Originality/valueThe research provides a summary of the characteristics of the population of firms filing bankruptcy for an extended period across a changing reporting and regulatory environment.
Opening up information for better public value
Authors: Davies Robert 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to a number of initiatives in train at European and international level to promote the value of public investments in digital information from different perspective.Design/methodology/approachMajor developments in three key areas are described and assessed in terms of their potential impact on libraries in the digital era.FindingsSignificant progress is being made in opening up digital information for wider use but major barriers and constraints remain to be addressed.Originality/valueThe paper brings together inter‐related perspectives, e.g. those of public and private sector users, which are not always seen as part of the same picture. It is of interest to a wide range of stakeholders in the information society and the knowledge economy.
Excellence in libraries: a systematic and integrated approach
Authors: Herget Josef , Hierl Sonja 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive, integrated and sustainable management concept for securing the future of librariesDesign/methodology/approachThe approach is based on a literature analysis from which the adaptation of a model on the library context is deducted. The model is then validated by the implementation in two case studies.FindingsThe developed approach has shown to stand the test when implemented in practice. The model leads to a comprehensive basis for a benchmarking and optimisation of libraries in the future. Furthermore, it enables the deduction of tangible future steps for the improvement on the basis of an as‐is analysis.Research limitations/implicationsThrough the broad and comprehensive application of the proposed model lots of data is generated that enables the identification of best practices and benchmarking studies in the library context.Practical implicationsA specific adoption of the proposed approach on different library types and contexts must be conducted. The model appertains as basic grid and is applicable by a library with only little time and effort.Originality/valueThe paper provides the most comprehensive and coherent management concept that has been proposed in library science so far. First experiences have shown the success of implementing it to practice.
Engineering lecturers' competencies and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) at Kyambogo University
Authors: Kagaari James R.K. , Munene J.C. 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish the relevant competencies possessed by engineering lecturers and the relationship between those competencies and the exhibited organisational citizenship behaviours (OCB).Design/methodology/approachThe study was carried out in two phases. Phase one was qualitative using a competency interview guide that was administered to ten engineering lecturers, selected using a purposive sampling design. From this interview, seven key result areas, competencies and critical outputs were obtained. Phase two was quantitative following the development of a questionnaire from the established competencies, key result areas and critical outputs. The questionnaire was administered to 110 engineering lecturers.FindingsThe study revealed that those lecturers who have the relevant competencies do exhibit discretionary behaviours at work. The model could be useful in deriving employee competencies and critical outputs.Research limitations/implicationsA cross‐sectional study using a small sample in a single institution could not warrant generalisability of the findings.Practical implicationsCompetency‐based recruitment and selection has the potential to improve the ways in which universities could manage engineering lecturers.Originality/valueThe paper presents a new approach to competency profiling, the need for competent engineering lecturers.