bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimensional accuracy of upper complete denture bases: the effect of metallic flask closure methods
Authors: Consani Rafael Leonardo Xediek , Mesquita Marcelo Ferraz , Sobrinho Lourenço Correr , Sinhoreti Mário Alexandre Coelho 
Published: February 2009

Objectives:  To verify the dimensional accuracy of upper complete denture bases under the effect of different methods of metallic flask closure.Materials and methods:  Wax record bases were assigned to six groups: 1–2: traditional clamp; 3–4: RS system; and 5–6: flask with screws. Flasks were immediately polymerised or bench stored for 6 h prior to polymerisation. Resin base‐cast sets were sectioned at regions corresponding to the canines, first molars and posterior palatal zone. Gap discrepancies were measured at five points: right and left ridge crests, palatal midline, and right and left marginal limits of the flanges. An optical micrometer was used for measurement purposes.Results:  Data were submitted to anova, and the means compared by Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results revealed significant differences in the flask closure technique, polymerisation time, section, and their interactions. Discrepancy values for the RS system and flask with screws were significantly lower than those related to the traditional clamp, regardless of whether resin polymerisation was immediate or delayed for 6 h.Conclusions:  Flask closure methods should be considered when the denture base stability and comfort of the patient are being assessed during clinical use of the dentures.
The Oxford Edition of Donne's Letters: Well Underway
Authors: Maurer Margaret 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper introduces a Literature Compass panel cluster on the forthcoming Oxford edition of Donne's letters.Offering papers by the three editors, this cluster seeks to examine the new directions the edition will pursue. The papers were originally delivered to the members of the John Donne Society in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in February 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles:‘The Oxford Edition of Donne's Letters: Well Underway’, Margaret Maurer, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00598.x.‘“Apparitions, and Ghosts”: H(a)unting Donne's Letters’, M. Thomas Hester, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00599.x.‘“Only in Obedience” to Whom? – The Identity of a Donne Correspondent’, Dennis Flynn, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00600.x.‘Problems in Editing John Donne's Letters: Unreliable Primary Materials’, Ernest W. Sullivan, II, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00601.x.
Problems in Editing John Donne's Letters: Unreliable Primary Materials
Authors: Sullivan, II Ernest W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper is part of a Literature Compass panel cluster on the forthcoming Oxford edition of Donne's letters.Margaret Maurer introduces the cluster which offers papers by the three editors and seeks to examine the new directions the edition will pursue. The papers were originally delivered to the members of the John Donne Society in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in February 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles:‘The Oxford Edition of Donne's Letters: Well Underway’, Margaret Maurer, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00598.x.‘“Apparitions, and Ghosts”: H(a)unting Donne's Letters’, M. Thomas Hester, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00599.x.‘“Only in Obedience” to Whom? – The Identity of a Donne Correspondent’, Dennis Flynn, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00600.x.‘Problems in Editing John Donne's Letters: Unreliable Primary Materials’, Ernest W. Sullivan, II, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00601.x.***This essay examines some of the difficulties in producing the kind of edition of Donne's prose letters that everyone would like – one that establishes the canon, dates, recipients, and texts that accurately represent what Donne wrote. By examining the texts of the two Donne letters that survive in holograph as well as in various seventeenth‐century printings (letters to Edward Herbert and Lady Kingsmill) as well as one to the Duke of Buckingham that survives in holograph and in a nineteenth‐century transcription and printings, I show how editorial intervention and physical degradation have so compromised the texts of some of the letters in Donne's Letters to Severall Persons of Honour (1651) and A Collection of Letters, Made By Sr Tobie Mathews (1660) and even in the holograph to Buckingham that the surviving texts (including their dates and recipients) of nearly all of Donne's letters are problematical. Worse, the evidence shows that the changes to the originals would not have been recoverable had these few holographs not survived. Any edition of Donne's prose letters, then, will have to attend to risk assessment as well as to the traditional features of an edition.
Metre, History, Context: Introduction to the Metre Matters Cluster
Authors: Hall Jason David 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article introduces a cluster drawing material from the recent conference Metre Matters: New Approaches to Prosody, 1780–1914. It comprises this introduction by Jason David Hall and six articles presented at the conference, whose aim was to address renewed scholarly interest in versification and form across the long nineteenth century, as well as some of the methodologies underpinning it. The papers included in the cluster look both to the minutiae of Romantic and Victorian metres and to their cultural intertexts. The conference, hosted by the University of Exeter's Centre for Victorian Studies, was held 3–5 July 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles:Jason David Hall, ‘Metre, History, Context: Introduction to the Metre Matters Cluster’.Emma Mason and Rhian Williams, ‘Reciprocal Scansion in Wordsworth's “There Was a Boy” ’.Ross Wilson, ‘Robert Browning's Compounds’.Margaret A. Loose, ‘The Internationalism of Ernest Jones's Dialectical Prosody’.Nancy Jiwon Cho, ‘Gender and Authority in British Women Hymn‐Writers’ Use of Metre, 1760–1900’.Ashley Miller, ‘Involuntary Metrics and the Physiology of Memory’.Summer Star, ‘ “For the Inscape's Sake”: Sounding the Self in the Metres of Gerard Manley Hopkins’.
Reciprocal Scansion in Wordsworth's ‘There Was a Boy’
Authors: Mason Emma , Williams Rhian 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article is part of a cluster that draws material from the recent conference Metre Matters: New Approaches to Prosody, 1780–1914. It comprises an introduction by Jason David Hall and six articles presented at the conference, whose aim was to address renewed scholarly interest in versification and form across the long nineteenth century, as well as some of the methodologies underpinning it. The papers included in the cluster look both to the minutiae of Romantic and Victorian metres and to their cultural intertexts. The conference, hosted by the University of Exeter's Centre for Victorian Studies, was held 3–5 July 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles: Jason David Hall, ‘Metre, History, Context: Introduction to the Metre Matters Cluster’.Emma Mason and Rhian Williams, ‘Reciprocal Scansion in Wordsworth's “There Was a Boy” ’.Ross Wilson, ‘Robert Browning's Compounds’.Margaret A. Loose, ‘The Internationalism of Ernest Jones's Dialectical Prosody’.Nancy Jiwon Cho, ‘Gender and Authority in British Women Hymn‐Writers’ Use of Metre, 1760–1900’.Ashley Miller, ‘Involuntary Metrics and the Physiology of Memory’.Summer Star, ‘ “For the Inscape's Sake”: Sounding the Self in the Metres of Gerard Manley Hopkins’.***In this two‐voiced paper, we conduct an experiment in ‘reciprocal scansion’: a process in which prosodic investigation and labelling becomes a site, not for fixing the terms of a poem's formal effects, but for communication and dialogue. The paper will overturn the assumed association between scansion and ‘naturalness’ (the iambic pentameter as human heartbeat, for example), one that often manifests as peremptory analysis based on cultural prescription (as implied in an Eton Latin master's rhetorical questions in 1840: ‘if you do not write good longs and shorts, how can you ever be a man of taste? If you are not a man of taste, how can you ever be of use in the world?’). By renouncing openness and dialogue for rote methods of formal measurement, predetermined ways of scanning poetry serve to distance readers from, rather than draw them to, a poem's formal effects. In order to undo this knot of formalism, we seek to locate dialogue, rather than singularity of effect, at the heart of our investigation. An examination of prosodic variations within larger frames of regularity allows us to access the different effects that prosodic choices enact upon readers. In particular, this paper illustrates how Wordsworth's frequent emphasis on movements between the ear and the eye traces thematically vital transitions between sight and sound, and in doing so, allegorizes the process of scansion used in prosody. By bringing this treatment to bear on ‘There Was a Boy’, we critique the ‘naturalness’ of prosody and bring out the ways in which Wordsworth's ‘intertexture of ordinary feeling’ involves the coalition of emotion and regulation through metre. This coalition also hints at meetings and encounters that, by virtue of prosody, can be reciprocally rewarding.
Gender and Authority in British Women Hymn‐Writers’ Use of Metre, 1760–1900
Authors: Cho Nancy Jiwon 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article is part of a cluster that draws material from the recent conference Metre Matters: New Approaches to Prosody, 1780–1914. It comprises an introduction by Jason David Hall and six articles presented at the conference, whose aim was to address renewed scholarly interest in versification and form across the long nineteenth century, as well as some of the methodologies underpinning it. The papers included in the cluster look both to the minutiae of Romantic and Victorian metres and to their cultural intertexts. The conference, hosted by the University of Exeter's Centre for Victorian Studies, was held 3–5 July 2008.The cluster is made up of the following articles: Jason David Hall, ‘Metre, History, Context: Introduction to the Metre Matters Cluster’.Emma Mason and Rhian Williams, ‘Reciprocal Scansion in Wordsworth's “There Was a Boy” ’.Ross Wilson, ‘Robert Browning's Compounds’.Margaret A. Loose, ‘The Internationalism of Ernest Jones's Dialectical Prosody’.Nancy Jiwon Cho, ‘Gender and Authority in British Women Hymn‐Writers’ Use of Metre, 1760–1900’.Ashley Miller, ‘Involuntary Metrics and the Physiology of Memory’.Summer Star, ‘ “For the Inscape's Sake”: Sounding the Self in the Metres of Gerard Manley Hopkins’.
Genetics of resistance to the pink stem borer (Sesamia nonagrioides) in maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Butrón A. , Sandoya G. , Revilla P. , Malvar R.A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOur knowledge of the genetics of resistance to the pink stem borer (Sesamia nonagrioides) in maize (Zea mays) is restricted to a few crosses among maize inbreds. The objectives of this study were to enlarge our understanding of the genetics of traits related to damage by pink stem borer and yield under infestation and to use generation means analyses to compare per se and testcross performance for detecting epistatic effects. All generations, either per se or crossed to testers, were evaluated in a 10 × 10 triple lattice design under artificial infestation with S. nonagrioides in 2005 and 2006. Most traits fit an additive–dominance model; but evidence for epistasis for resistance and yield under infestation was shown. Epistasis, in general, did not appear to play an important role in the inheritance of yield under pink stem borer infestation. However, the epistasis contribution to maize yield performance could be important in some outstanding crosses such as EP42 × A637. Testcross generation means revealed epistatic effects undetected by the generation means analysis, but neither method was able to eliminate dominance effects that could prevail over epistatic effects.
GRB 081203A: Swift UVOT captures the earliest ultraviolet spectrum of a gamma-ray burst
Authors: Kuin N. P. M. , Landsman W. , Page M. J. , Schady P. , Still M. , Breeveld A. A. , De Pasquale M. , Roming P. W. A. , Brown P. J. , Carter M. , James C. , Curran P. A. , Cucchiara A. , Gronwall C. , Holland S. T. , Hoversten E. A. , Hunsberger S. , Kennedy T. , Koch S. , Lamoureux H. , Marshall F. E. , Oates S. R. , Parsons A. , Palmer D. M. , Smith P. J. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
We present the earliest ultraviolet (UV) spectrum of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) as observed with the Swift Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT). The GRB 081203A spectrum was observed for 50 s with the UV-grism starting 251 s after the Swift-Burst-Alert-Telescope (BAT) trigger. During this time, the GRB was ≈13.4 mag (u filter) and was still rising to its peak optical brightness. In the UV-grism spectrum, we find a damped Lyα line, Lyβ and the Lyman continuum break at a redshift z= 2.05 ± 0.01. A model fit to the Lyman absorption implies a gas column density of log NH i= 22.0 ± 0.1 cm−2, which is typical of GRB host galaxies with damped Lyα absorbers. This observation of GRB 081203A demonstrates that for brighter GRBs (v≈ 14 mag) with moderate redshift (0.5 &lt; z &lt; 3.5) the UVOT is able to provide redshifts, and probe for damped Lyα absorbers within 4–6 min from the time of the Swift-BAT trigger.
Chemical Weathering of Detrital Sediments in the Taklamakan Desert, Northwestern China
Authors: ZHU BINGQI , YANG XIAOPING 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBased on the analysis of major‐element compositions of detrital sediments from the Taklamakan Desert of northwestern China, this paper aims to study chemical weathering in a hyper‐arid desert environment. The major‐element compositions are basically similar to the Upper Continental Crust but show a clear enrichment of CaO and depletion of Na2O and K2O, indicating the enrichment of carbonates and the decomposition of sodium and potassium silicates. The indexes of chemical alteration are relatively low and correlate negatively with the content of Na2O, implying that the degree of chemical weathering is weak and mainly controlled by the weathering of sodium feldspars. An A‐CN‐K model demonstrates that the detrital sediments from the Taklamakan Desert have a high homogeneity in the trend of chemical weathering. They are weathered less than sands and soil in many other Chinese deserts, and also less than similar detrital sediments in many other countries. This evidence suggests a low degree of mineralogical maturity in the Taklamakan Desert. The aeolian sediments of different ages have similar indexes of chemical weathering, suggesting that the degree of chemical weathering was consistent in the Taklamakan Desert throughout the period of aeolian deposition. The low degree of chemical weathering is caused principally by extreme aridity, rapid rejuvenation of detrital sediments associated with strong aeolian processes, and an intensive input of fluvial deposits, as well as a lack of vegetation. Due to the high concentration of erodible minerals, the desert is quite vulnerable to soil erosion and land degradation.
Comparable length at weaning in cetaceans
Authors: Huang Shiang‐lin , Chou Lien‐Siang , Ni I‐Hsun 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWeaning represents the transition of mammalian life from maternal dependence to independence in both energetics and behavior. The length at weaning (Lw) is determined by the maternal investment during gestation and lactation. It affects calf survival and impacts on the long‐term persistence of species, but the measurement is not readily obtainable for many cetaceans. A general linear model and residual correlation were used to explore the correlations between the publishedLwand five other life history traits of cetaceans, including female asymptotic length (Lx), length at birth (Lb), lactation period (LP), gestation period (GP), and calving interval (CI).Lxwas a significant confounding parameter on the other five traits. By eliminating the confoundingLx, ANCOVA revealed that baleen whales (Mysticeti) and toothed cetaceans (Odontoceti) had comparableLw.By residual correlation, which factors the confoundingLx,Lwwas significantly correlated withLbbut not withGP,LP, andCI.AfterLbwas further eliminated, convergentLwin cetaceans could still be observed. Therefore, we proposed a generic expressionLw= 1.239Lx0.877, which allows us to further estimateLwof undocumented cetacean species.
Plasma levels of JAK2 mRNA in patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases with and without V617F mutation: implications for prognosis and disease biology
Authors: MA W. , KANTARJIAN H. , ZHANG X. , YEH C.‐H. , ZHANG Z. J. , VERSTOVSEK S. , O’BRIEN S. , GILES F. , ALBITAR M. 
Published: February 2009

SummaryThe association of V617F JAK2 expression levels with disease behavior has not been studied in patients with nonchronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) myeloproliferative disease (MPD). We found plasma levels of total JAK2 mRNA to be higher in patients with non‐CML MPD (n = 175) than in CML patients (n = 45) and normal controls (n = 58) (each P < 0.001). Overall survival was studied in 68 patients and showed positive correlation with levels of total and mutant JAK2 mRNA in patients with the V617F mutation, but not those without the mutation. These findings suggest that total JAK2 expression levels play a role in the biology of the disease in V617F‐positive patients, and a therapy aiming at downmodulating the expression of the total JAK2 mRNA should be considered. In conclusion, we studied JAK2 total and V6217F mutant mRNA levels in plasma. We show high levels of JAK2 expression in MPD patients and these levels correlate with survival.
The effects of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on a P‐gp positive leukemia cell line K562/A02
Authors: LÜ S. , CHEN Z. , YANG J. , CHEN L. , ZHOU H. , XU X. , LI J. , HAN F. , WANG J. 
Published: February 2009

SummaryThe aim of this study is to clarify the efficacy of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib to multidrug resistant (MDR) acute leukemia cells. We observed the effects of bortezomib on a P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) positive leukemia line K562/A02. The results showed that bortezomib has significant effects on P‐gp positive K562/A02 cells including cytotoxicity (48 h IC50: 171.36 nm), induction of apoptosis (31.71 ± 1.07% apoptotic cells after 24 h treatment at 100 nm), and inhibition of proteasome chymotrypsin‐like activity (relative activity to untreated controls: 20.07 ± 0.66% at 24 h with 10 nm bortezomib). These effects were lower than those observed in K562 cells (IC50, percentage of apoptotic cells, relative chymotrypsin‐like activity to untreated controls were 56.28 nm, 77.95 ± 0.35%, 5.35 ± 2.05% after the same treatments, respectively). No synergy between daunorubicin and bortezomib was shown in the killing of K562/A02 cells (synergistic ratios were <1). P‐gp expression levels did not decrease in K562/A02 cells after bortezomib treatment. Pretreatment with bortezomib does not improve the intracellular anthracycline concentration in K562/A02 cells. Bortezomib shows a promising effect for the treatment of refractory/relapsed leukemia, but it does not improve the effect of anthracycline to MDR leukemia cells.
Potential Hepatotoxicity of Efavirenz and Saquinavir/Ritonavir Coadministration in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Jamois Candice , Riek Myriam , Schmitt Christophe 
Published: February 2009

ABSTRACTObjective.  This study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of coadministration of saquinavir/ritonavir with efavirenz at steady state.Methods.  Healthy volunteers in this open‐label, two‐arm, one‐sequence, two‐period crossover study (planned enrollment of 40 participants) were randomized to one of two treatment arms: those in Arm 1 were scheduled to receive saquinavir/ritonavir 1,000/100 mg orally twice daily for 29 days and efavirenz 600 mg orally once daily starting on day 15 and continuing through day 29; participants randomized to Arm 2 were to receive efavirenz once daily for 29 days and saquinavir/ritonavir 1,000/100 mg twice daily starting on day 15 through day 29. Assessments included vital signs, laboratory analyses, electrocardiography, and blood levels of total saquinavir, ritonavir, and efavirenz. Pharmacokinetic parameters included Cmax (maximum observed plasma concentration), tmax (time to reach the maximum observed plasma concentration), (apparent elimination half‐life), and AUC0‐τ (area‐under‐the‐plasma‐concentration‐time curve over one dosing interval).Results.  Eight participants (four in each arm) were enrolled; only two (one from each treatment arm) reached day 15 of the study and received the concurrent initial doses of saquinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz. The study was terminated prematurely after these two participants experienced nonserious adverse events. The participant in Arm 1 experienced mild abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, sleep disorder, and headache and the participant in Arm 2 experienced moderate‐intensity abdominal pain and mild vomiting with leukocytosis accompanied by elevated pancreatic and hepatic enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase values of 2‐fold and 3.5‐fold the upper limit of normal, respectively). Both participants recovered completely following treatment discontinuation. Only limited pharmacokinetic data were generated on these two participants.Conclusions.  The early termination of this study precluded drawing any definitive conclusions regarding the pharmacokinetics at steady state of coadministered saquinavir/ritonavir and efavirenz.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite primers for Ceratosolen fusciceps, the fig‐pollinating wasp of Ficus racemosa, and amplification in two populations
Authors: KOBMOO N. , VIGNES H. , HOSSAERT‐MCKEY M. , WEI Z. , KJELLBERG F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTen microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized for Ceratosolen fusciceps, the pollinating wasp of Ficus racemosa, based on individuals from Xishuangbanna (China) and Chiangmai (Thailand). High levels of variation were found among loci for both populations; allelic number varied from two to 18 (respectively from two to 22), expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.362 to 0.890 (respectively from 0.430 to 0.930).
Microsatellite markers for the roman, Chrysoblephus laticeps (Teleostei: Sparidae), an overexploited seabream from South Africa
Authors: TESKE PETER R. , COWLEY PAUL D. , FORGET FABIEN R. G. , BEHEREGARAY LUCIANO B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed from an enrichment library of the roman, Chrysoblephus laticeps, and characterized for 40 individuals collected in Africa's largest and oldest Marine Protected Area (MPA), the Tsitsikamma National Park. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 19, and heterozygosities ranged from 0.20 to 0.85. A significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was detected for one locus, and linkage disequilibrium was identified among three pairs of loci. The markers will be useful to detect whether populations resident in MPAs along the South African coast are genetically connected, and whether there is spillover of recruits into adjacent exploited areas.