bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the “KARUNI” (young adolescents community) model to prevent stunting: a phenomenological study on adolescents in Gunungkidul regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Karuniawati Benny , Respati Supriyadi Hari , Urrahman Dhiya , Baiquni Fahmi , Mulyani Sri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Stunting is a major health problem in developing countries due to chronic malnutrition that impacts physical growth, cognitive ability, and long-term productivity. The focus of stunting prevention is generally aimed at pregnant women and toddlers, while adolescents, especially adolescent girls, are often neglected. In fact, they will be the future mothers who determine the quality of the next generation. Malnutrition and anemia in adolescents increase the risk of giving birth to stunted children. Innovative nutritional intervention programs, such as nutrition education and iron supplements, are needed to break the cycle of stunting, involving adolescents as important targets in prevention. Karuni is a program specifically designed for teenagers aged 12–15 years with the main focus being on empowering teenagers through nutrition education, reproductive health and clean and healthy living behavior as well as involving parents to optimize the program.

Methods
This study used a phenomenological approach to explore the understanding of adolescent girls aged 12–15 years about the stunting prevention program in Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and FGDs with adolescents, officials running the Adolescent Health Care (PKPR) program, and related agencies. Data validity was guaranteed by triangulation of sources and NVivo was used for analysis.

Results
The identified five themes related to the adolescent intervention program for stunting prevention: program implementation, achievements, barriers, needs, and KARUNI model design. Program monitoring is important, but faces barriers such as the lack of prioritization and motivation. Cross-sectoral collaboration, innovation, and appropriate media are needed in the implementation of the KARUNI model to increase the effectiveness of the stunting prevention program for adolescents.

Conclusions
The importance of the role of adolescents in efforts to reduce the prevalence of stunting, especially through collaboration between health centers (Puskesmas) and schools in implementing the PKPR program, providing iron tablets, and health screening.
Effect of Zr content on strain-induced precipitation behavior of Ti–Zr microalloyed low-carbon steel
Authors: Luo Hanyu , Xiong Xuegang , Lai Yiyue , Cao Jianchun , Yang Lisheng , Zhang Jinchang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With two different Zr content Ti–Zr microalloyed low-carbon steels, isothermal relaxation tests at 875–950 °C were conducted using a Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation testing machine. Based on the Avrami equation, the thermodynamic and kinetic model for the precipitation of

Ti

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${\text{Ti}}_{\left({k}_{1}+{m}_{1}\right)}{\text{Zr}}_{\left({k}_{2}+{m}_{2}\right)}{\mathrm{C}}_{\left({k}_{1}+{k}_{2}\right)}{\mathrm{N}}_{\left({m}_{1}+{m}_{2}\right)}$

in austenite was established. The results indicate that the microalloyed elements in Ti–Zr microalloyed low-carbon steel will form composite precipitates through replacement and heterogeneous mechanisms, and nucleate and precipitate at grain boundaries and dislocations in the form of (Ti, Zr) (C, N). For the nucleation and precipitation of carbonitrides at dislocations in 0.035Zr steel and 0.091Zr steel, their nucleation rate–temperature curves (NrT) and Precipitation–time–temperature (PTT) curves intersect at a certain point. The increase in Zr content suppresses the precipitation of carbonitrides from austenite, reducing the strain-induced precipitation in Ti–Zr microalloyed low-carbon steel during rolling process.
Unlocking treasure from fish bones: bioinspired hydroxyapatite synthesis from Catla catla fish for sustainable waste-to-wealth
Authors: Deb Payel , Das Lala Sumit , Sarkar Paramita , Nath Amitabha , Barua Emon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents an innovative and sustainable method for synthesizing hydroxyapatite (HA) from Catla catla fish bones, addressing the need for environmentally friendly materials in biomedical applications. Fish bone waste is transformed into high-performance HA through acid pre-treatment, oven drying, and calcination at 900 °C. Characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of HA with particle sizes ranging from 0.3–0.8 µm, which is ideal for enhancing surface area in biomedical contexts. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveal a highly porous structure and a Ca/P ratio of 1.68, closely resembling natural bone composition. The bioactivity of HA was evaluated using simulated body fluid over 7 and 28 days, with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses confirming hydroxycarbonate apatite layer formation, indicated by increased Ca and P content. X-ray diffraction further validates the bioactive nature of HA. In-vitro degradability testing demonstrated controlled degradation over 28 days, alongside pH changes in the SBF solution. Cytotoxicity analysis using human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells confirmed the non-toxic nature of HA, showing a cell viability rate of 89.7 ± 3.1 % after 48 h. These findings emphasize the potential of fish bone-derived HA to be used in coating orthopedic and dental implants, creating porous bone scaffolds, and formulating bone cement, establishing it as a highly promising material for diverse biomedical applications.
Passage- and serum-dependent changes of adipose-derived stromal cells in vitro: a discrepancy of stemness factors regarding mesenchymal surface markers and expression of stemness-related genes
Authors: Sonnenfeld Renata , Vogt Peter M. , Kuhbier Jörn W. , Strauss Sarah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Autologous fat transplantation is a promising source for cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, the physiological function and regulatory mechanisms of in vitro cell culture remain largely unexplored. Furthermore, no standard protocol for cell culture of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) has been described. Previous studies have reported the impact of media supplementation on the loss of stemness capacity.

Methods
In this study, we compared the expression of stemness-defining surface markers according to the minimal criteria definition (CD 11b⁻, CD 31⁻, CD 34⁻, CD 45⁻, CD 73⁺, CD 90⁺, and CD 105⁻) by flow cytometry analysis with the expression of stemness-related genes such as MCAM, OCT4, MYC, and cKit in hASCs cultured in either fetal calf serum (FCS) or human serum (HS) supplemented medium from passage 0 to 5.

Results
As expected, we found that hASCs in both groups retained their typical mesenchymal surface marker profile CD 73 and CD 90 (>95 %) in flow cytometry analysis, as well as the absence of CD 11b, CD 31, CD 34, and CD 45 (<5 %) until passage 5. However, in contrast to that, RT-PCR indicated a passage-dependent decline and medium-dependent changes in the transcriptome, in particular the loss of the stemness-related genes cKit and MCAM in both groups, while MYC and OCT4 showed unpredictable expression.

Conclusions
Summarized, these results indicate the need for standardized cell culture protocol, as the transcriptome seems to change during in vitro cultivation, although an ASC-typical pattern of surface markers remains. In this regard, our study aims to contribute to the establishment of a standard protocol to achieve reliability, validity, and objectivity for future cell therapy or clinical applications.
Rectangle-free four-colored square grids realized by cyclic-rotated reusable patterns
Authors: Steinbach Bernd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper deals with the very hard problem of grid coloring that has been specified more than 10 years ago in S. Fenner et al., Rectangle Free Coloring of Grids, 2009. Available at: http://www.cs.umd.edu/∼gasarch/papers/grid.pdf. It was unknown whether rectangle-free completely four-colored square grids of sizes 17 × 17 and 18 × 18 exist. As result of an extensive research I computed commonly with Christian Posthoff a rectangle-free pattern that can be reused cyclic-rotated by 90° for the four colors of the grid of size 18 × 18 (B. Steinbach and C. Posthoff, “Extremely complex 4-colored rectangle-free grids: solution of open multiple-valued problems,” in Proceedings of the IEEE 42nd International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic, Victoria, BC, Canada, ISMVL, 2012, pp. 37–44, B. Steinbach and C. Posthoff, “Rectangle-free colorings of extremely complex grids using 4 colors,” J. Mult.-Valued Log. Soft Comput., vol. 21, nos. 5–6, pp. 609–625, 2013). A similar solution for the grid of size 17 × 17 has not been found so far. We explore in this paper for which sizes of square grids rectangle-free four-colored patterns exist, at which the pattern of one color can be reused for another color after a rotation by 90°.
Structural bias in synthesis of sparsely-specified functions
Authors: Fišer Petr , Schmidt Jan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two-level logic minimization is a well-established process that efficiently minimizes functions described in the Sum-of-Products (SOP) form. Current two-level SOP minimizes, like Espresso and Boom, produce optimum or near-optimum results regarding the SOP size. However, in this article we show that an SOP minimization conducted in the standard, multi-output way, significantly worsens the result of the subsequent multi-level synthesis, especially for sparsely-specified functions, regardless of the optimization process and the tool used. In conclusion, we propose using a single-output two-level SOP minimization for sparsely specified functions. In this way, the obtained circuits are sometimes multiple times smaller, while no significant deterioration has been observed for any other functions.
Optimal design of an eddy current sensor for detecting and characterizing cracks by data inversion: parametric study
Authors: Barrarat Fatima , Helifa Bachir , Bensaid Samir , Lefkaier Ibn Khaldoun , Rayane Karim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal parameters for the design and use of eddy current (EC) sensors for non-destructive testing (NDT), aimed at crack characterization by data inversion. A methodology has been established to evaluate the performance of these sensors in the detection of opening cracks and to compare their performances in various measurement conditions. Detection and inversion algorithms were developed and implemented in order to use the most efficient and optimal structure, to quantify the detection quality of defects and to estimate their geometric characteristics. This study has produced very encouraging results in terms of detection performance and data inversion.
Broadband perfect Littrow diffraction metasurface under large-angle incidence
Authors: Zhu Jingyuan , Zhou Siliang , He Tao , Feng Chao , Wang Zhanshan , Dong Siyu , Cheng Xinbin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Littrow diffraction devices are commonly used in the laser field (e.g., laser resonators and spectrometers), where system integration requires larger incidence angles and perfect broadband efficiency. Compared to traditional diffraction devices, which struggle to manipulate light paths under large-angle incidence, metasurfaces has the potential to enhance the broadband efficiency. Despite quasi three-dimensional metasurfaces effects, only perfect anomalous reflection under normal incidence at limited wavelengths was achieved due to energy flow mismatch in the broadband Littrow configuration. Here, we propose a supercell metasurface capable of regulating broadband non-local responses. The metasurface effectively suppresses non-local responses under Littrow mounting, while providing sufficient non-local responses through strong structural coupling effects when the incidence deviates from the Littrow mounting. A large-angle broadband Littrow diffraction metasurface in the mid-infrared spectrum (3.11 µm ∼ 3.52 µm) has been successfully realized, with 99 % efficiency at Littrow angle of 70°. Our results break through the bandwidth limitations of perfect diffraction, providing robust support for the practical applications of metasurfaces in Littrow diffraction devices.
Antidiabetic activities of aerial part of Asparagus racemosus Willd. extract: an in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approach
Authors: Das Priya , Thapa Ankrita , Mistri Suraj , Ashraf Gouhar Jahan , Sarkar Sourav , Modak Debabrata , Bhattacharjee Soumen , Singh Ravi Kumar , Dua Tarun Kumar , Paul Paramita , Nandi Gouranga , Sahu Ranabir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Asparagus racemosus Willd., a significant medicinal plant in India’s Darjeeling Himalayan region. The current study aims to assess the antidiabetic efficacy of the aerial part of Asparagus racemosus Willd. utilizing a streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rat model. The methanolic extract of plant (ARME) was evaluated for in vitro antidiabetic activity through α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme suppression assay and assessed in vivo in a streptozotocin-induced rat model. A 21-day chronic multiple-dose study of ARME was examined. STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with metformin (70 mg/kg) and ARME at concentrations of 200 and 400 mg/kg. It was discovered that ARME inhibited the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and showed potent therapeutic effects on the rat’s model. ARME helps raise body weight, hemoglobin, and other blood counts and normalizes the serum parameters in the diabetic group. In addition, liver tissues’ abnormal levels of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione and lipid peroxides were returned to those of control animals. HPTLC study revealed the presence of stigmasterol, which showed a strong affinity for the proteins linked to diabetes mellitus through in silico study. As a result of these findings, ARME inhibits the activity of digestive enzymes and has antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects in STZ-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.
Biogenic selenium nanoparticles: a comprehensive update on the multifaceted application, stability, biocompatibility, risk, and opportunity
Authors: Nagime Pooja V. , Pandey Vinay Kumar , Rajpal Charu , Jayeoye Titilope John , Kumar Ashwini , Chidrawar Vijay R. , Singh Sudarshan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as promising area of research due to their unique properties and potential multifaceted applications. The biosynthesis of SeNPs through biological methods, such as using microorganism, plant extracts, etc., offers a safe, eco-friendly, and biocompatible approach, compared to traditional chemical synthesis. Recent several studies demonstrated that multifaceted application of SeNPs includes a broad area such as antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and excellent wound healing activity. On the other hand, SeNPs have also shown promising application in sensing of inorganic toxic metals, electrochemistry, agro-industries, aqua-cultures, and in fabrication of solar panels. Additionally, SeNPs capability to enhance the efficacy of traditional antibiotics and act as effective agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens has shown their potential in addressing critical health challenges. Although, the SeNPs exhibit wide applicability, the potential toxicity of Se, particularly in its various oxidative states, necessitates careful assessment of the environmental and health impacts associated with their use. Therefore, understanding the balance between their beneficial properties and potential risks is crucial for its safe applications. This review focuses exclusively on SeNPs synthesized via eco-friendly process, excluding research utilizing other synthesis processes. Moreover, this review aims to offer an overview of the diverse applications, potential risks, stability requirement, and cytocompatibility requirement, and multifaceted opportunities associated with SeNPs. Ultimately, the review bridges a gap in knowledge by providing an updated details of multifaceted applications of SeNPs.
Assessing the molecular interaction between a COVID-19 drug, nirmatrelvir, and human serum albumin: calorimetric, spectroscopic, and microscopic investigations
Authors: Abubakar Mujaheed , Ahmad Hidayat Ahmad Fadhlurrahman , Abd Halim Adyani Azizah , Khanna Kushagra , Zaroog Mohammed Suleiman , Rajagopal Mogana Sundari , Tayyab Saad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The research examined the molecular interaction between nirmatrelvir (NIR), a drug used to treat COVID-19, and human serum albumin (HSA) using various techniques, viz., isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), absorption, fluorescence, CD spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). ITC analysis showed that the NIR–HSA system possessed a moderate binding affinity, with a K

a
value of 6.53 ± 0.23 × 104 M−1 at a temperature of 300 K. The thermodynamic values demonstrated that the NIR–HSA complex was stabilized by hydrophobic contacts, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces. The research also discovered modifications in the UV–Vis absorption spectrum of the protein as well as swelling of the HSA molecule when exposed to NIR, based on AFM results. The three-dimensional fluorescence spectral data indicated changes in the microenvironment around HSA’s Trp and Tyr residues. Alterations in the protein structure (both secondary and tertiary structures) of HSA after NIR binding were verified using CD spectral studies in the far-UV and near-UV regions. The identification of the NIR binding site in subdomain IB (Site III) of HSA was predicted through competitive displacement experiments.
The Impact of Paternal and Maternal Parenting Styles on Alexithymia
Authors: Moormann Peter Paul , Bermond Bob , De Groot Manon , Syahid Achmad , Lagoudaki Kalliopi 
Published: February 2025

Rogers stressed the impact of Conditional Regard (CR) towards the child in the development of neurotic anxiety. Miller noted that disorders in affect regulation relate to family atmospheres where the child is not allowed to express negative emotions. However, studies on the impact of paternal and maternal parenting styles lacking emotional warmth (EW) on the development of alexithymia in adulthood remain scarce. Therefore, The Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ) and the Leiden Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (LPCIQ-R) were administered to 152 male and female bachelor psychology students from 18 to 60 years of age at Leiden University. The results demonstrate that: 1) Both paternal and maternal parenting styles lacking EW induced significantly higher Alexithymia Total scores; 2) Fathers lacking EW induced significantly higher scores on Cognitive Alexithymia, while mothers lacking EW induced significantly higher scores on Affective Alexithymia; 3) Both CR fathers and CR mothers induced difficulties with Identifying emotions; 4) CR fathers induced difficulties with Verbalizing emotions, while 5) Indifferent mothers induced difficulties with Emotionalizing. The results above not only support Rogers’ view on the devastating affect of CR on emotion regulation, but empasize the different impact of paternal and maternal roles on the development of alexithymia features as well. In the past mothers were seen as the primary caretakers and consequently mothers were blamed for the child’s mental health problems. However, our results show that Cognitive Alexithymia, known for its association with mental illness is induced by fathers lacking EW. In contrast Affective alexithymia, associated with on the one hand stress resistance, and on the other hand lack of empathy and creativity, turned out to be induced by mothers lacking EW. Hence, with the growing active role of fathers in child rearing it is unfair to blame mothers for the child’s mental problems without prior investigations of parenting styles lacking EW.
Religious Moderation of Indonesian Muslim Adolescents
Authors: Syukrilla Wara Alfa , Nihayah Zahrotun , Fayruz Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

In Indonesia's diverse society, tensions and conflicts among various groups of religions often disrupt social harmony. Therefore, it emerges the concept of religious moderation which is currently adopted as a national policy in Indonesia to counter intolerance and radicalism. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing religious moderation in Indonesian Muslim adolescents. The instruments used in this study are the modified Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), the Indonesian version of the Muslim Daily Religiosity Assessment Scale (MUDRAS), and the Religious Moderation Scale. The religious moderation instrument consists of three dimensions: national commitment, anti-violence, and accommodation of local culture. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to test construct validity. Using multiple linear regression we evaluate the effect of religiosity and parenting style on religious moderation. The sample of this study was 339 Indonesian Muslim late adolescents aged 17-22 years old from 22 provinces in Indonesia. The results showed that parenting styles and religiosity are significant predictors that positively influence religious moderation, both simultaneously and partially. The findings of this study suggest that parenting style and religiosity are the factors influencing religious moderation of Indonesian Muslim late adolescents. The findings of this study further emphasize the importance of the family's role in shaping adolescents' attitudes toward religion.
Peculiarities of Seeking Psychological Help Among Students from Russia and Uganda
Authors: Nsubuga Moses 
Published: February 2025

The study examines attitudes toward getting professional mental health assistance among Russian and Ugandan university students, and it finds notable disparities that are driven by developmental and cultural factors. The following instruments were used in the methodology; to measure the attitudes towards seeking psychological help, the Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMSH) was used; and the Carol D. Ryff psychological well-being scale was used to measure psychological wellbeing. The results show that attitudes toward therapy, social support, psychological well-being, and emotional openness are all statistically significantly correlated with one other. Interestingly, when it comes to getting psychological assistance, Russian students are more positive than their Ugandan counterparts. Both cohorts have a low use of mental health services, frequently resorting to campus health centres for physical symptoms associated with stress. It is essential to comprehend these elements in order to improve student referral rates and counselling services.