bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular adverse events following CAR‐T cell therapy: A pharmacovigilance study and systematic review
Authors: Frey Connor , Cherniawsky Hannah , Etminan Mahyar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rise of immuno‐oncology, including the use of chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T) therapy is bringing in a new wave of cancer treatments, particularly in hematologic malignancies. However, data on their adverse events, particularly of the eye, is under‐reported. To assess the ocular adverse events associated with the six FDA‐approved CAR‐T cell therapies, a disproportionality analysis utilizing the FAERS database was conducted from the first quarter of 2017 to the third quarter of 2023, as well as a systematic review of case reports of ocular events following CAR‐T cell therapy up to December 20, 2023. A total of 53 ocular adverse events were identified from the FDAs FAERS database. The adverse events most frequently observed were mydriasis and xerophthalmia with tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah). The systematic review resulted in 8 case reports encompassing 19 patients which included a total of 27 events. This study demonstrates the importance of anticipation of potential ocular adverse events by ophthalmologists and oncologists as they can greatly contribute to morbidity in patients with cancer.
Stock market and the psychological health of investors
Authors: Liu Chang , Fan Maoyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUtilizing a national individual‐level medical dataset and the home bias phenomenon in investment, our study shows a strong and robust link between declines in local stock returns and increased antidepressant consumption among investors. This effect intensifies in areas with higher per capita dividend income, suggesting a direct relationship between higher stock ownership and stronger responses. We confirm that portfolio losses, not local economic conditions, are responsible for increased antidepressant usage during market downturns. Using the frequency of psychotherapy sessions yields similar findings. Moreover, our study supports the loss aversion hypothesis as we find positive stock returns do not influence antidepressant usage.
The Institutional and Social Support Survey (ISS‐10): Quantifying international faculty language support
Authors: Patterson Allie Spencer , Brotherhood Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop and test the internal and external reliability of a novel research instrument which measures language support for international faculty members and its effects on integration. While previous research has focused on the contributions of international faculty and efforts to attract them, growing concerns about negative experiences and low rates of retention have led scholars to focus on institutional linguistic support. Specifically in emerging host countries, interest exists for the role of support for learning the local language. In this context, this study substantiates an instrument, the Institutional and Social Support Survey (ISS‐10) which quantifies social support and language support provided by host universities. The instrument was first refined using Rasch rating scale analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Subsequent linear mixed effects (LME) regression on a second administration of the instrument revealed that the ISS‐10 significantly predicts the integration of international faculty as quantified by the IPL‐12, an often‐used measure of migrant integration. The ISS‐10 may, therefore, be of interest to scholars researching international faculty integration where local language proficiency is a concern.
EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF ENDODONTOLOGY Undergraduate Curriculum Guidelines for Endodontology
Authors: Baaij Annemarie , Kruse Casper , Whitworth John , Jarad Fadi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUndergraduate education should accomplish graduates who are skilled to provide quality care for patients, who are aware of their scope of practice, competency level and limits and who are open to referring patients whose needs are beyond their own skills and experience. They should also become self‐efficacious. Quality performance begins with good diagnosis and decision‐making. Graduates should understand when to treat, why to treat, what to treat and how to treat. These guidelines include a list of capabilities that the graduating student will be expected to have achieved to provide a minimum level of competency in endodontics. Theoretical knowledge, practical skills, understanding and insight should be assessed, with both formative and summative assessment procedures, making use of reflection and feedback. Endodontic procedures should be undertaken within the context of comprehensive patient care and should be evidence based. Students should not perform treatments on patients until they have demonstrated in a pre‐clinical setting that they possess the required skills. Only if it is not possible to simulate a specific procedure sufficiently in a pre‐clinical setting should students learn this procedure by performing it clinically under close supervision. Clinical endodontics should ideally be supervised by endodontists or by staff with special knowledge, interest and self‐efficacy in endodontics. It is advised to ensure that students apply their knowledge and practice their skills periodically throughout the continuum of endodontic education until graduation. A philosophy of lifelong learning and evidence‐based practice should be instilled in all dental undergraduates.
PROMINENCE AND MARKET POWER: ASYMMETRIC OLIGOPOLY WITH SEQUENTIAL CONSUMER SEARCH
Authors: Hanazono Makoto , Kudoh Noritaka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article presents a new perspective on the nature of market power through the lens of firm prominence. We build a model of oligopolistic price competition with sequential consumer search, showing that a larger firm sets a higher price than its smaller competitors. Consumers are more likely to encounter sellers from a larger firm both immediately and in future interactions, resulting in less‐elastic demand for that firm. Small firms can free‐ride on the prominent firm's market power to raise their prices and earn higher profits. The Herfindahl–Hirschman Index provides a useful guide for welfare evaluation.
Prevalence of sex‐chromosome aneuploidy estimated using SNP genotype intensity information in a large population of juvenile dairy and beef cattle
Authors: Ryan Cliona A. , Purfield Deirdre C. , Matthews Daragh , Canedo‐Ribeiro Carla , Valldecabres Ainhoa , Berry Donagh P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAneuploidy is a genetic condition characterized by the loss or gain of one or more chromosomes. Aneuploidy affecting the sex chromosomes can lead to infertility in otherwise externally phenotypically normal cattle. Early identification of cattle with sex chromosomal aneuploidy is important to minimize the costs associated with rearing infertile cattle and futile breeding attempts. As most livestock breeding programs routinely genotype their breeding populations using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, this study aimed to assess the feasibility of integrating an aneuploidy screening tool into the existing pipelines that handle dense SNP genotype data. A further objective was to estimate the prevalence of sex chromosome aneuploidy in a population of 146,431 juvenile cattle using available genotype intensity data. Three genotype intensity statistics were used: the LogR Ratio (LRR), R‐value (the sum of X and Y SNP probe intensities), and B‐allele frequency (BAF) measurements. Within the female‐verified population of 124,958 individuals, the estimated prevalence rate was 0.0048% for XO, 0.0350% for XXX, and 0.0004% for XXY. The prevalence of XXY in the male‐verified population was 0.0870% (i.e., 18 out of 20,670 males). Cytogenetic testing was used to verify 2 of the XXX females who were still alive. The proposed approach can be readily integrated into existing genomic pipelines, serving as an efficient, large‐scale screening tool for aneuploidy. Its implementation could enable the early identification of infertile animals with sex‐chromosome aneuploidy.
Syncopation and synchrony: Phenological dynamics of Pyropia nereocystis (Bangiophyceae) in central California
Authors: Gossard Daniel J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPyropia nereocystis is an annual northeastern Pacific‐bladed bangialean species whose macroscopic stage epiphytized the annual canopy forming bull kelp Nereocystis luetkeana. I examined three in situ facets of these epiphyte‐host dynamics in the central California region: (1) spatial and temporal variation in the presence of P. nereocystis epiphytes as a function of host density, (2) the relationship between individual host morphology and epiphytic P. nereocystis biomass, and (3) the ecophysiological growth ramifications for subtidal transplants of both life stages of P. nereocystis. Swath canopy surveys and whole host collections were conducted at five sites between November 2017 and February 2019. Additionally, transplants of P. nereocystis gametophytes and sporophytes were conducted across multiple subtidal depths. I observed temporal changes in the proportions of hosts epiphytized by P. nereocystis, with differences in seasonal persistence of P. nereocystis among sites and between years. Biomass of P. nereocystis was positively correlated with individual host stipe length, stipe surface area, and the primary principal component (PC) of stipe morphometrics denoted by principal component analysis (PCA). Gametogenesis in P. nereocystis epiphytes was spatially heterogeneous and limited for the 2018–2019 cohort due to comprehensive removal of hosts by the February 2019 sampling period. Transplants of P. nereocystis gametophytes yielded similar growth responses among depths, and sporophyte (conchocelis) transplant areal growth was positively correlated with transplant depth. These findings detail spatiotemporal complexity and multi‐scale (individual, site, and whole region) phenological nuances for central Californian P. nereocystis epiphytes.
Outcome of dogs diagnosed with concurrent intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and vertebral lesions: six cases (2016‐2022)
Authors: Solari F. P. , Case J. B. , Vilaplana Grosso F. R. , Culp W. T. N. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical outcome of dogs diagnosed with concurrent discospondylitis/vertebral physitis and congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunts.Materials and MethodsMedical records from two academic institutions were searched for dogs diagnosed with discospondylitis and/or vertebral physitis, and a concurrent intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Dogs were excluded if they did not undergo attenuation of their shunt, did not have a single congenital intrahepatic shunt and did not have at least 90 days of follow‐up.ResultsSix dogs met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Discospondylitis alone was diagnosed in four dogs, vertebral physitis alone in one dog and both discospondylitis and vertebral physitis in one dog. Three dogs had a right divisional intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and three dogs had a left divisional intrahepatic portosystemic shunt. Median duration of antimicrobial therapy was 112 days (range 14 to 240 days). Clinical resolution of discospondylitis and vertebral physitis was noted in all dogs. Endovascular attenuation was performed in all dogs a median of 82 days after presentation (range 1 to 317 days). No perioperative or postoperative complications occurred. All dogs were alive at the last available follow‐up a median of 513 days after presentation (range 224 to 1504 days) and free of clinical signs associated with discospondylitis or vertebral physitis, as well as their portosystemic shunt.Clinical SignificanceDogs with intrahepatic portosystemic shunts may concurrently develop discospondylitis and vertebral physitis. With antimicrobial therapy and endovascular embolisation of their portosystemic shunt, all dogs in this study had a good outcome with clinical resolution of both disease processes. However, long‐term follow‐up was not obtained in all cases.
Linkage and association mapping in multi‐parental populations reveal the genetic basis of carotenoid variation in maize kernels
Authors: Yin Pengfei , Fu Xiuyi , Feng Haiying , Yang Yanyan , Xu Jing , Zhang Xuan , Wang Min , Ji Shenghui , Zhao Binghao , Fang Hui , Du Xiaoxia , Li Yaru , Hu Shuting , Li Kun , Xu Shutu , Li Zhigang , Liu Fang , Xiao Yingni , Wang Yuandong , Li Jiansheng , Yang Xiaohong 
Published: March 2024

SummaryCarotenoids are indispensable to plants and critical components of the human diet. The carotenoid metabolic pathway is conserved across plant species, but our understanding of the genetic basis of carotenoid variation remains limited for the seeds of most cereal crops. To address this issue, we systematically performed linkage and association mapping for eight carotenoid traits using six recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations. Single linkage mapping (SLM) and joint linkage mapping (JLM) identified 77 unique additive QTLs and 104 pairs of epistatic QTLs. Among these QTLs, we identified 22 overlapping hotspots of additive and epistatic loci, highlighting the important contributions of some QTLs to carotenoid levels through additive or epistatic mechanisms. A genome‐wide association study based on all RILs detected 244 candidate genes significantly associated with carotenoid traits, 23 of which were annotated as carotenoid pathway genes. Effect comparisons suggested that a small number of loci linked to pathway genes have substantial effects on carotenoid variation in our tested populations, but many loci not associated with pathway genes also make important contributions to carotenoid variation. We identified ZmPTOX as the causal gene for a QTL hotspot (Q10/JLM10/GWAS019); this gene encodes a putative plastid terminal oxidase that produces plastoquinone‐9 used by two enzymes in the carotenoid pathway. Natural variants in the promoter and second exon of ZmPTOX were found to alter carotenoid levels. This comprehensive assessment of the genetic mechanisms underlying carotenoid variation establishes a foundation for rewiring carotenoid metabolism and accumulation for efficient carotenoid biofortification.
Morphology, phylogeny and pathogenicity of fungal species associated with leaf blight and stem canker of Theobroma cacao in Malaysia
Authors: Huda‐Shakirah Abd Rahim , Zakaria Latiffah , Mohd Masratul Hawa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMalaysia stands prominently among Asia's key cocoa‐producing countries. In the cocoa season of 2022–2023, Malaysia demonstrated its contribution to the industry, with an estimated production of around 364,000 tonnes of cacao bean grindings. Nonetheless, fungal diseases pose undeniable challenges to the cocoa sector. Extensive sampling conducted between September 2018 and March 2019 across multiple states in Malaysia revealed concerning symptoms of leaf blight and stem canker affecting Theobroma cacao plants. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize fungal species associated with leaf blight and stem canker of T. cacao in Malaysia through morphological, molecular and pathogenicity analyses. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses using multiple DNA regions (rDNA internal transcribed spacer [ITS], TEF1 and TUB2) were performed and identified 40 fungal isolates found in this study as Diaporthe tulliensis (17 isolates), Fusarium solani (seven isolates), Fusarium proliferatum (six isolates) and Neopestalotiopsis clavispora (10 isolates). Pathogenicity tests with mycelial plugs and wound treatments showed that D. tulliensis and N. clavispora were responsible for causing leaf blight whereas D. tulliensis, F. solani and F. proliferatum caused stem canker of T. cacao. The present study provides insights into disease aetiology and symptomatology that may be useful in planning effective disease management for the host plant.
The pathogenic diversity and host range of Colletotrichum spp. causing pepper spot and anthracnose of lychee (Litchi chinensis) in Australia
Authors: Anderson Jay M. , Coates Lindy M. , Aitken Elizabeth A. B. , Mitchell Roger W. , McTaggart Alistair R. , Dann Elizabeth K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLychee pepper spot, a field disease affecting lychee fruit skin, pedicels and petioles, is caused by Colletotrichum siamense, a fungal pathogen within the gloeosporioides species complex. Members of Colletotrichum from the gloeosporioides species complex and occasionally those from the acutatum species complex also cause postharvest anthracnose of lychee. Pepper spot was first described in Australia many years after anthracnose on lychee was first described, giving rise to the hypothesis that a novel species or strain within the gloeosporioides species complex causes pepper spot. In the present study, 19 isolates of Colletotrichum spp., collected from pepper spot and anthracnose symptoms on lychee fruit, representing 13 different genotypes across five species, were inoculated onto lychee fruit in the field or on detached fruit in the laboratory, to understand more about their pathogenic diversity. We found that symptoms were specific to genotype of the pathogen, as three genetically similar isolates of C. siamense consistently caused pepper spot and anthracnose, whilst other isolates caused anthracnose only. Cross‐inoculation studies on detached fruit of lychee, banana, avocado and mango also provided some evidence of host specialization in isolates of C. siamense infecting lychee in Australia. Our experiments provided further evidence that detached fruit assays cannot be used as a reliable proxy for field inoculation studies. This research confirms that C. siamense is a causal agent of both lychee pepper spot and lychee anthracnose in Australia, and Colletotrichum alienum and Colletotrichum queenslandicum are reported as causal agents of anthracnose of lychee for the first time.
Visual linguistic statistical learning is traceable through neural entrainment
Authors: Sáringer Szabolcs , Kaposvári Péter , Benyhe András 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe human brain can detect statistical regularities in the environment across a wide variety of contexts. The importance of this process is well‐established not just in language acquisition but across different modalities; in addition, several neural correlates of statistical learning have been identified. A current technique for tracking the emergence of regularity learning and localizing its neural background is frequency tagging (FT). FT can detect neural entrainment not only to the frequency of stimulus presentation but also to that of a hidden structure. Auditory learning paradigms with linguistic and nonlinguistic stimuli, along with a visual paradigm using nonlinguistic stimuli, have already been tested with FT. To complete the picture, we conducted an FT experiment using written syllables as stimuli and a hidden triplet structure. Both behavioral and neural entrainment data showed evidence of structure learning. In addition, we localized two electrode clusters related to the process, which spread across the frontal and parieto‐occipital areas, similar to previous findings. Accordingly, we conclude that fast‐paced visual linguistic regularities can be acquired and are traceable through neural entrainment. In comparison with the literature, our findings support the view that statistical learning involves a domain‐general network.
Psychosocial experiences of competitive rugby players on the “long, long journey” to recovery following ACL ruptures and reconstruction
Authors: Borman Anel , Derman Wayne , Grobbelaar Heinrich 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are serious and potentially career‐ending. Reconstruction surgery and extended rehabilitation typically follow, but some athletes never attain the same level of sport performance. The psychosocial experiences of athletes who sustain ACL injuries and their cognitive appraisal, emotional and behavioral responses to the injury, and reconstruction require further attention during the different recovery phases. The aim is to explore these psychosocial experiences, social support needs and sources thereof of competitive athletes who sustained unilateral ACL ruptures and underwent reconstruction surgery. Semi‐structured interviews with six competitive rugby players (M age: 22.3 ± 2.92 years), elicited information at seven time‐points. We analyzed the qualitative information through thematic analysis. Five common themes emerged: (1) cognitive appraisal, (2) emotional responses (negative and positive affective responses), (3) behavioral responses, (4) social support needs and sources thereof, and (5) adversity‐induced identity expansion (athletic and person‐centered identities). In‐vivo quotes gave a rich description of the athletes' experiences throughout the “long, long journey” to return‐to‐sport. These findings may sensitize and assist sports healthcare professionals, coaches, teammates, family, and friends to explore various psychosocial experiences throughout the injury and recovery period. Phase‐appropriate psychosocial support or referral to sport psychology services is recommended to enhance the recovery process, improve long‐term physical and mental health, and subsequent performance.
C. S. Peirce on Jeremy Bentham: “A shallow logician” confined to analysis of “lower motives”
Authors: Zhang Yanxiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractC.S. Peirce offered an evaluation of Bentham's philosophy to the effect that on some points Bentham's performance was of great value, but essentially, he was ‘a shallow logician’ confined to analysis of ‘lower motive’. This paper argues that Bentham's logic is deeply metaphysically based, multi‐levelled, and comprehensive. There are at least three constituent parts in his utilitarian logic: the first is his ontology, with its distinction between real and fictitious entities, and with pain and pleasure constituting the core real entities; the second is his reductionism in, and analytical view of, simple and complex pleasures and pains; the third is the distinction between private ethics and public ethics. Bentham's logic is staunchly based on empiricism and truth and he developed a pragmatic utilitarian solution to overcome the potential impasse of Hume's scepticism through a mechanism of reflection. Even the doctrines of belief and abduction embraced and developed by Peirce are contained in Bentham's utilitarian logic. Bentham would certainly take Peirce's philosophy as ipse dixitism. Peirce was not in fact a serious reader of Bentham and failed to employ the distinction between argument and argumentation in his study of Bentham's logic.