bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le origini del culto civico di san Gaudenzio di Ossero
Authors: Marinković Ana 
Published: March 2024

Il culto di san Gaudenzio di Ossero, vescovo e successivo patrono civico del comune medievale nel Quarnero, mostra indubbie attinenze con la tipologia dei culti dei vescovi riformatori del XI e XII secolo. Nel presente articolo si analizzano le origini del culto del santo sia nel contesto della comparsa di elementi civici nelle agiografie dei vescovi riformatori, sia dei dati storici sulle attività di Gaudenzio vescovo di Ossero e monaco ad Ancona. Inoltre si analizzano i testi che descrivono diverse presunte traslazioni a e dentro Ossero allo scopo di individuare le collocazioni e le comunità responsabili delle reliquie, così come il culto sviluppato intorno a esse. La sequenza delle sistemazioni e la forma dell’ambientazione architettonica dimostrano il graduale sviluppo di un culto pubblico attestato dalla venerazione popolare. Le fonti scritte e visuali suggeriscono che il processo di ufficializzazione del patronato civico di san Gaudenzio fu effettuato da esponenti del governo veneziano. L’analisi della cronologia e della tipologia delle arche (soprattutto le inferriate che proteggevano le reliquie) sostiene le tappe dello sviluppo di un culto civico osserino congruo agli altri esempi dall’Adriatico orientale.
Pressure-less Ag-Sinter: Necking, Pores Structure and Its Properties
Authors: Murali Sarangapani , Wan Lo Miew , Long Wee Seng Audrey , Danila Bayaras Abito , Mei Hoe Joanne Chong , Ang Kwang Leong Dennis , Sungsig SS Kang 
Published: March 2024

Pressure-less Ag-sinter die-attach structure revealed good-networked silver interconnects along with discontinuous shrinkage porosities. A thin sheet test sample is processed to be evaluated with commercially available test equipment. In this study, test samples are stencil printed to a thickness from 70 to 100 µm and sintered at 200/250°C for 30/60 minutes. A test sample to a thickness of 13mm is processed by stacking a few layers of printed Ag-sinter and sintered at 200°C for 1h. Interestingly, good necking is observed in between the silver powder particles and measured properties for three different porosity levels of pressure-less Ag-sinter are as follows: • Discontinuous porosities of structure are about 15 to 20%, 25 to 35% and 45 to 55% depending on the paste chemistry and formulation (with or without binder) *Density of these pores structure is fro 4.5 to 7.7 g/cc • Electrical sheet resistivity is from 3.7 to 9.2 µΩ.cm • Thermal conductivity is from 80 to 190 W/m°K • Elastic modulus (ultrasonic testing method) is from 7.2 to 38 GPa 1. Lower the porostiy, hight the thermal conductivity and elastic modulus • Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is about 19.2 to 21.5ppm • Specific heat capacity (Cp) is about 0.24-0.25 J/Kg°K *Both CTE and Cp properties of Ag-sinter are not influenced by porosity in the structure
Totally implantable venous access devices in cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Chandveettil Jashma , Kattepur Abhay K , Pareekutty Nizamudheen Mangalasseri , Alapatt John J , Mathiyazhakan Appumathi Rogarajan , Kumbakara Ratheesan , Ananthakrishna Murthy Vivek M , Balasubramanian Satheesan 
Published: March 2024

Background:The management of several malignancies requires prolonged venous access and repeated injections. While totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) can help circumvent many difficulties related to repeated venous cannulation, these devices are associated with their own share of complications.Objectives:In this study, we report our experience with TIVADs, the complications associated with them and their salvage rate.Materials and Methods:This retrospective study of adult patients who underwent TIVAD insertion for cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy between January 2016 and December 2020 was conducted at Malabar Cancer Center, a tertiary cancer center in Kerala, India. The majority of the catheters were inserted using the modified Seldinger’s technique into the right internal jugular vein under ultrasonographic guidance. Local anesthesia was used for pain relief during the procedure in the majority of patients. The number of catheter days, rate of complications associated with the use of TIVADs and their nature, and the salvage measures undertaken along with their outcomes were recorded.Results:A total of 37 catheters were inserted in 34 patients during the study period. The total number of catheter days was 8421, and the average number of catheter days was 227.6 days per patient. Postoperative complications developed after the insertion of 7 catheters (18.9%), the most common complication being infection. Three catheters (42.9%) could be salvaged after complications. Twenty-eight (87.5%) catheters were available for use till the end of the planned chemotherapy. Five patients are currently receiving chemotherapy and their catheters are in situ.Conclusion:TIVADs are convenient for long-term venous access in patients with cancer and provide safe and continuous venous access till the completion of chemotherapy.
Clinical presentation and pattern of care for sarcomatoid variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the head-and-neck region
Authors: Chakraborthy Adhara , Thiagarajan Shivakumar , Bal Munita , Chaukar Devendra 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The sarcomatoid variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon variant of head-and-neck cancer with a clinically aggressive course and poor outcomes. The data on the clinical presentation and pattern of treatment received by patients with sarcomatoid variant of SCC are scarce.

Objectives:
In this study, we aimed to assess the clinical presentation, intent of treatment, and the subsequent treatment-related outcomes of patients with sarcomatoid variant of SCC of the head-and-neck region.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted among treatment-naïve patients with sarcomatoid variant of SCC of the head-and-neck region who presented to the Tata Memorial Center, a tertiary care center, in Mumbai, India, between January 2012 and December 2018. The primary objective was to evaluate the stage at presentation and the intent of treatment received. The secondary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS). Variables were analyzed using simple descriptive statistical methods. DFS was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results:
A total of 60 patients with sarcomatoid variant of SCC were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 51 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 5:1. The oral cavity was the most common subsite, reported in 39 (65%) patients. A total of 43 (71.6%) patients presented with advanced-stage disease, and 41 (68.3%) received curative-intent treatment. The DFS of patients who received curative treatment was 76.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 60.3–92.4) and that of patients who received palliative-intent treatment was 11.6 months (95% CI, 9.2–14).

Conclusions:
Sarcomatoid variant of SCC of the head-and-neck region usually presents with advanced-stage disease, however, has a reasonable DFS when treated appropriately with curative intent.
Retrospective analysis of histopathological spectrum of premalignant and malignant colorectal lesions
Authors: Tahiliani Henisha T. , Purohit Asha P. , Desai Shashank C. , Jarwani Puja Bhavesh 
Published: March 2024

Background:Colorectal cancers (CRCs) arise due to the progression of acquired or hereditary premalignant lesions. Therefore, an early diagnosis is essential to devise suitable preventive strategies against CRC.Objectives:We aimed at determining the prevalence and pattern of distribution of premalignant and malignant colorectal lesions and to assess their histopathological features.Materials and Methods:This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at the Gujarat Cancer Society Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, a tertiary care hospital in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, between August 2018 and July 2020. Patients with malignant or premalignant lesions in the colorectal region who underwent biopsy and surgical resection were included, regardless of their age and sex. They were categorized as premalignant or malignant after the histopathological examination. The clinical history and details related to the age, gender, and anatomical site were obtained from the hospital records. The findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:A total of 150 colorectal biopsies and resected specimens with premalignant and malignant lesions were included in the analysis. Of these, 36 (24%) were benign and 114 (76%) were malignant. There were 98 (65.3%) male and 52 (34.7%) female patients in the cohort. There were 34.7% of the patients who were in the sixth decade of life and only 0.7% were in the first decade. The most commonly involved site was the rectum (32.7%). Ulcerative colitis (UC) (63.8%) was the most common premalignant lesion, and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (79.8%) was the most common malignant colorectal lesion.Conclusions:Premalignant and malignant colorectal lesions usually develop in older persons and have a male predilection, with the rectum being the most commonly involved site. UC is the most common premalignant colorectal lesion, and adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant colorectal lesion.
Protecting Wilderness or Cultural and Natural Heritage? Insights from Northern Patagonia, Chile
Authors: Bachmann-Vargas Pamela , Koppen C.S.A. (Kris) van , Lamers Machiel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Protecting 30% of the planet’s terrestrial and marine ecosystems by 2030 (30x30) is the most recent call for global conservation action. Toward this end, the creation of protected areas is a central strategy. The various parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) have committed to this global goal, including Chile. Against this backdrop, this article explores current narratives and practices around five protected areas in northern Patagonia, Chile. We argue that environmental discourses are key to understanding these narratives and practices. Environmental discourses influence the values central to the creation and development of protected areas, as well as the prevailing management approaches for these areas. Our findings show that two discourses are of particular importance: the ‘Patagonian wilderness’ discourse and the ‘cultural and natural heritage’ discourse. Based on our findings, we also discuss three emerging topics: the rewilding and rebranding of Patagonia, optimism around nature-based tourism, and implementation of global conservation goals within the national context. We reflect on the implications of our findings for further developments in Patagonia and for the global conservation debate. We contend that the future of protected-area management in northern Patagonia will depend on how community-based management initiatives are fostered and argue that aligning with such inclusive conservation approaches will be a critical requirement for the implementation of the 30x30 goal moving forward.]

Spanish abstract:
rb.gy/gmaziq
The role of electrophysiology tests and multimodal imaging in evaluation of nystagmus
Authors: Shehab Azza A. , Abdelrahman Amr A.M. , Abdelshafy Marwa , Abdelgawad Randa H.A. , El-Mofty Randa M.A.M. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This work aimed to highlight the role of electrophysiology testing and multimodal imaging in evaluation of nystagmus.

Patients and methods
This is a retrospective multi-centered analytic study that recruited patients with nystagmus from the outpatient clinics referred to the electrophysiology units of the hospitals of the University of Minia, Ain Shams, Banha, and Cairo, Egypt. The study included 60 (120 eyes) patients. The performed investigations included full-field electroretinography (ffERG), pattern electroretinography, flash visual evoked potential (FVEP), pattern visual evoked potential, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), whenever possible.

Results
There were no or minimal detectable fundus changes in 78 (65%) eyes, of which 40 (33.3%) eyes showed severe loss of photopic responses on ffERG, with Bull’s eye pattern observed on FAF and loss of foveal photoreceptors in OCT, while 18 (12.5%) eyes showed reduced photopic and scotopic responses in ffERG with loss of foveal photoreceptors and thinned parafovea in OCT, 14 (11.7%) eyes showed average photopic and scotopic responses with different stages of foveal hypoplasia in OCT and OCT-A, and six (5%) eyes showed normal results in tests assessing the function and structure of the macula and optic nerve, including ERG, FVEP, and OCT. On the other hand, macular or optic nerve abnormalities were observed in 42 (35%) eyes, of which 20 (16.7%) eyes showed significant loss of photopic responses in ffERG and abnormal fovea in OCT and FAF tests, 10 (8.3%) eyes showed loss of photopic and scotopic responses in ffERG and abnormal results in the OCT and FAF, four (3.3%) eyes had normal results in ERG and FVEP, but showed fovea hypoplasia in OCT, and eight (6.7%) eyes had normal photopic and scotopic responses by ffERG, but with abnormal visual evoked potential responses and thinning of the nerve fiber layer in the OCT.

Conclusion
Electrophysiological tests and multimodal imaging are crucial to diagnosing the underlying causes of nystagmus, especially in patients with normal fundus.
Pediatric ocular trauma: insights from a tertiary care hospital in Northern India
Authors: Jabeen Asma , Nazir Arjumand , Kaur Anureet 
Published: March 2024

Background
Childhood ocular trauma has major consequences since it can lead to lifelong blindness and visual impairment.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the burden of pediatric ocular trauma and to identify its important determinants.

Patients and methods
This prospective study included all individuals (N=124) less than 18 years old who experienced eye injuries and sought treatment at the Outpatient or Emergency Services of the Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Jammu, India. The collected data included a detailed history of the injury, including systemic factors. The demographic and clinical information, such as age, sex, urban or rural residence, injury date and time, and previous treatments were also recorded.

Results
A total of 523 children (0–18 years old) with a mean age of 10.96±0.24 years were included in the study. Among these, 124 (23.71%) children with a mean age of 9.86±1.23 years had ocular injuries. The highest incidence of ocular trauma (68.54%) was observed in the 6–12-year-old age group. Boys accounted for the majority of cases (74.19%), and rural children were disproportionately affected (69.35%). Open globe injuries were more prevalent (62.9%) than closed globe injuries (25.0%). Perforating corneal injuries were the most common type of open globe injury (70.51%), while bat/ball injuries (38.70%) and falls (22.58%) were the leading causes of closed globe injuries. Zone I injuries were the most frequent location for both open and closed globe injuries. The Ocular Trauma Score was used to predict the injury severity, demonstrating an accuracy of 80%. The visual acuity data were available for 63 (57.79%) children at the initial presentation. Among these, 14 (22.22%) had no light perception, 23 (36.51%) had light perception, and 26 (41.27%) demonstrated a best-corrected visual acuity of 0.2±0.1 (0.1–0.3). At the final follow up at 6 months, five (7.94%) eyes experienced a vision of no light perception attributed to optic nerve avulsion, one (1.59%) eye retained light perception, two (3.17%) eyes demonstrated counting fingers acuity, and 55 (87.3%) eyes achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 0.8±0.6 (range: 0.8 to ≥0.9).

Conclusion
The current study highlighted the substantial impact of pediatric ocular trauma, with a focus on open globe injuries and prevalent risk factors. The observed improvement in visual acuity underscores the significance of timely intervention, yet the 7.94% incidence of monocular blindness signals the ongoing need for targeted prevention strategies in this vulnerable population.
Anxiety during Pregnancy among Women Attending Al-Karkh Primary Health Care Centers, Baghdad
Authors: Jebur Marwa Salah , Jassim Sawsan Ghazi , Al-Rubaey Mazin Ghazi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Prenatal maternal anxiety is significant because of increasingly strong evidence that women who experience high stress or anxiety during pregnancy are more likely to deliver preterm or low birth weight infants, autistic disorder, schizophrenia, and depression in infancy and childhood.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of anxiety during pregnancy among women attending Al-Karkh primary health care (PHC) centers, Baghdad, and to study its associated factors.

Methodology:
This study is a cross-sectional with analytic components conducted among 500 pregnant women from Baghdad city, Al-Karkh directorate primary heath care centers, during the period extended between August 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021. A simple random sampling was used to select the PHC centers from each sector in Al-Karkh directorate. Interview was done with each woman with three questionnaires (sociodemographic questionnaire, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fourth Edition], and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire).

Results:
The mean age was 26.63 ± 6.811 years. There were 145 (29%) pregnant women live in rural area and 355 (71%) live in urban area. There were 155 (31%) anxious women, 21% with mild anxiety. There was a significant association with previous abortions, null parity, and less parity. In addition, rural area pregnant women, younger pregnant women, and unemployed pregnant women were more anxious.

Conclusion:
There was a relatively high prevalence of anxiety during pregnancy among women attending Al-Karkh PHC centers (31%). Twenty-one percent of them were with mild anxiety.
Descriptive Study on Urinary Tract Infections among Children
Authors: Hassan Khadija Shaban , Noori Tabarek A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most prevalent bacterial infections affecting approximately 1.7% of boys and 8.4% of girls.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to determine different variables that are associated with an increased risk of UTI in children.

Subjects and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 150 convenient urine samples were obtained from Child’s Teaching Hospital in Baghdad city from children under 12 years during period of September 20, 2021–December 20, 2021. The inclusion criteria include children between 1 and 12 years old for both sexes with clinical evidence of UTIs diagnosed by physicians attending this hospital. The exclusion criteria were children under 1 year and those with genetic defect of UTI.

Results:
Highest rates of UTIs were in the age group (<1–4 years); 77 (51.3%) of them were male with a male-to-female ratio of 1.05:1. About 16.7% of children whose mothers had primary education were diagnosed with UTIs. Twenty-two percentage of positive culture tests occur in those wiping from the front as compared with 27.3% wiping from the back from behind. The positive culture test was found in 33.7% of those not circumcised in comparison with 19.4% of those undergone circumcision. Escherichia coli was detected in 31 (20.7%) of the studied sample.

Conclusion:
UTIs are most prevalent among boys under 12 years, in particular those who did not undergone circumcision. E. coli is among the highest frequent bacteria detected in the urine cultures of children. It is recommended to educate mothers during pregnancy and after delivery regarding the importance of circumcision to boys and proper washing methods.
Recalibration of Framingham Risk Score for predicting 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in a South Indian population
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Sathish , Sasikumar Midhun , Demissie Getu Debalkie , Pramodkumar Thyparambil Aravindakshan , Oldenburg Brian , Oommen Anu Mary 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in India. Guidelines recommend using tools, such as the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), to predict the 10-year CVD risk of adults for primary prevention of CVDs. However, FRS was developed based on data from a predominantly White population in the United States, limiting its applicability to other regions.

Objectives:
This study aimed to recalibrate the FRS equations among adults in Kerala, India.

Materials and Methods:
Baseline survey data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program were analyzed: 921 males and 567 females for lipid-based FRS scores and 1042 males and 646 females for body mass index (BMI)-based FRS scores. Recalibration of the original FRS scores was performed using local data on CVD risk factors and CVD mortality.

Results:
Among males, the median 10-year CVD risk with the recalibrated lipid-based FRS score was 7.34 (interquartile ranges [IQR] 4.33–12.42), compared with the original score of 8.88 (5.23–14.87) (P < 0.001). For BMI-based FRS scores, the median 10-year CVD risk was 7.40 (4.27–11.83) for the recalibrated score, compared with 9.32 (5.40–14.80) for the original score (P < 0.001). In females, the median 10-year CVD risk was 4.83 (2.90–8.36) for the recalibrated score, compared with 2.85 (IQR 1.71–4.98) for the original score (P < 0.001). Similarly, the median 10-year CVD risk was 4.66 (2.74–8.81) for the recalibrated BMI-based FRS score, compared for 2.95 (1.72–5.61) with the original score (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Recalibrated FRS scores estimated a significantly lower 10-year CVD risk in males and a higher risk in females than the original FRS scores.
Expert consensus recommendations on the evaluation and management of hypoglycemia in diabetes: DGENius Group Diabetes India
Authors: Dey Amit Kumar , Gokalani Rutul , Kale Mayura , Sankar Prasanth , Saboo Bharat , Maheshwari Anuj , Jaggi Shalini , Jagadeesha Aravinda , Panchal Dharmendra , Chawla Manoj , Sahay Rakesh , Joshi Shashank , Saboo Banshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim:
Hypoglycemia, marked by low blood glucose levels, presents significant challenges in diabetes care. This review outlines the evidence-based recommendations formulated by the DGENius Experts Consensus Group for managing hypoglycemia in people with diabetes. The goal was to furnish well-defined, evidence-based recommendations for addressing and comprehending hypoglycemia within diverse contexts, encompassing diabetes management, and various medical conditions.

Materials and Methods:
The consensus statement was crafted through an extensive literature review involving peer-reviewed articles, clinical guidelines, and relevant publications. A diverse panel of experts with broad knowledge and experience convened for structured deliberation, followed by multiple rounds of rigorous review and meetings to reach the final consensus statement.

Results:
The consensus introduces the importance of effective hypoglycemia in people with diabetes management, addressing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus separately, with tailored recommendations. It also covers impact of hypoglycemia on cardiovascular health and related recommendations. The document extends its scope to co-existing medical conditions, encompassing chronic renal dysfunction, hepatic and neoplastic disorders; hypoglycemia in specialized circumstances, such as during physical exertion, administration of oral antidiabetic agents, fasting periods, hospital-based care, reduced symptomatic awareness, nocturnal episodes, alcohol intake, pregnancy, and following metabolic surgical interventions; hypoglycemia in the context of nonantidiabetic medications; and hypoglycemia among the elderly. Quality of life and patient awareness are emphasized, and the statement concludes with prevention, treatment, and technology utilization recommendations.

Conclusion:
This comprehensive consensus statement is designed to guide healthcare professionals in managing hypoglycemia optimally. The goal is to heighten awareness of this critical condition, improve patient outcomes, and enhance their quality of life.