bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Ag(I) Complexes for Highly Efficient Scintillation and High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Yuan Siqi , Zhang Guozhen , Chen Fuhai , Chen Jingru , Zhang Yang , Di Yiming , Chen Yong , Zhu Yanan , Lin Meijin , Chen Hongming 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) scintillators hold promising potential for applications in medical radiography and security detection, but the poor X‐ray absorption ability and inferior radioluminescence (RL) hampered their progression. Herein, the study has pioneered the development of high‐performance TADF Ag(I)‐based scintillators from M2X2(dppb)2 (M = Ag, Cu; X = Cl, Br, I) complexes with 1,2‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (dppb) ligand. In comparison with Cu(I) complexes, the Ag(I) series generally exhibited superior scintillation performance. Notably, Ag2Cl2(dppb)2 (Ag1) stands out with exceptionally high RL intensity (≈125% higher than that of CsI:Tl) and a low detection limit of 59.8 nGy s−1. The outstanding scintillation performance of Ag1 is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of the high exciton utilization efficiency origin from a small singlet‐triplet energy gap, enhanced X‐ray absorption capacity by heavy atoms, and the high photoluminescence quantum yield (76.47% in ambient atmosphere). By fabricating a flexible film constructed with Ag1 submicron crystalline powders, a high spatial resolution of 25.0 lp mm−1 for X‐ray imaging is obtained. It offers new opportunities for utilizing TADF metal–organic complexes for highly efficient X‐ray scintillation and imaging.
Titanium Carbon Oxide Flakes with Tunable Interlayer Spacing for Efficient Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Zhang Bin , Yi Qiuying , Qu Wenqiang , Zhang Kai , Lu Qi , Yan Tingting , Zhang Dengsong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe environmental toxicity caused by heavy metal ions is always taken seriously. Capacitive deionization (CDI), as an emerging and effective treatment method, is widely studied. Among them, the rational design and development of efficient electrodes based on high theoretical capacitance, high conductivity, and high stability have great prospects for CDI applications. In this study, a series of 2D titanium carbide oxide flakes (2D TCOs) are synthesized using a cation‐giving modulation strategy, and the interlayer spacing of materials is successfully controlled by confining cations (tetraalkylammonium hydroxides, TAAH) with different radii between layers. Interestingly, these TCOs exhibit widely varying electrochemical properties due to their different interlayer spacings. Among them, titanium carbide oxide flakes‐tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TCOs‐TPAH) with the maximum interlayer spacing exhibits the best performance in sodium ion embedding and de‐embedding, with a capacity of 53.11 mg g−1. In addition, the capacitive removal efficiency of heavy metal ions (Fe3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+) can reach over 97% within 2 h. This work presents a simple and creative strategy for the bottom‐up synthesis of oversized 2D nanomaterials, thus supporting the further development of high‐performance 2D materials in the fields of environmental and energy applications.
Exploring Efficient Blue TADF Materials with Ultrafast Bipolar Charge Transport for High‐Efficiency Thick‐Layer OLEDs
Authors: Fu Yan , Liu Hao , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhao Zujin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAchieving strong solid‐state photoluminescence and fast charge transport simultaneously for organic molecules is of significant importance but challenging because of the trade‐off between these properties. Herein, two tailored blue luminescent molecules constructed with ring‐fused carbonyl‐containing electron acceptors and spiro‐acridine electron donors are developed. Owing to ordered long‐range molecular alignment with proper interaction energies, their neat films exhibit ultrafast bipolar charge transport and strong delayed fluorescence with high quantum yields and short lifetimes. In doped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), both molecules display eminent electroluminescence performances with excellent external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 40.6%. They also exhibit brilliant blue lights with record‐beating EQEs of 30.2% in non‐doped thin‐layer OLEDs, and more importantly, high‐performance simplified non‐doped thick‐layer OLEDs are achieved, rendering lowered driving voltages, and the best EQEs of 23.0% with tiny efficiency roll‐offs. In addition, using them as sensitizers, remarkable EQEs of 40.1% and 23.2% with ultrasmall efficiency roll‐offs are realized in blue hyperfluorescence thin‐layer and thick‐layer OLEDs, respectively. The operational lifetimes are obviously elongated matter in non‐doped thick‐layer devices or hyperfluorescence thick‐layer devices. This work provides promising candidates for efficient simplified thick‐layer OLEDs and opens a new avenue toward organic molecules with strong delayed fluorescence and fast charge transport simultaneously.
Biomimetic Design of Hydration‐Responsive Silk Fibers and their Role in Actuators and Self‐Modulated Textiles
Authors: Xu Xiaoyun , Wang Zhuang , Su Yupei , Zhang Ke , Li Min , Zhang Qi , Zhang Shuai , Zhao Yi , Ke Qinfei , Hu Hong , Young Robert J. , Zhu Shanshan , Hu Jinlian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydration‐induced shape‐morphing behavior has been discovered in many natural fiber‐based materials, yet this smart behavior in regenerated fibers from biopolymers lacks investigation. Here, hierarchically structured silk fibers are developed with anisotropic long‐range molecular organization and water‐responsive effects resembling natural spider silk. The regenerated silk fibers exhibit the water‐triggered shape‐memory effect and a water‐driven cyclic response. The reversible hydrogen bonds and transformation in the metastable secondary structure from α‐helices/random coils to β‐sheets are explored as the mechanisms responsible for the water‐responsiveness. The silk fibers obtained possess a tensile strength higher than 104 MPa at a fracture strain of ≈100%, showing noticeable toughness. The water‐responsive silk fibers exhibit a shape recovery rate of ∼83% and generate a maximum actuation stress of up to 18 MPa during the water‐driven cyclic contraction that outperforms most traditional natural textile fibers. The regenerated silk fibers show potential for use in water‐driven actuators, artificial muscle, and smart fabrics based on the integration of suitable mechanical properties and water responsiveness.
Micropatterned Hydrogel‐Elastomer Hybrids for Flexible Wet‐Style Superhydrophobic Antifogging Tapes
Authors: Kim Hyeongjeong , Lee Yunji , Jung Sungjune , Lee Hyomin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransparent materials widely used in applications such as eyewear, solar cells, and optical devices, often suffer from environmental challenges including fogging, surface contamination, and mechanical deformation. However, a universal strategy that resolves all these issues in a single platform remains to be resolved. Herein, a monolithic micropillar structure based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer is prepared followed by subsequent assembly of hydrogel micropatterns in between the micropillar array using inkjet printing to achieve flexible wet‐style superhydrophobic antifogging tapes that are applicable to various transparent materials and curvatures. The monolithic micropillar structure with low‐surface‐energy characteristics facilitates easy removal of surface contaminants by rinsing with water while granting mechanical durability. In addition, micropatterning of hydrogels via inkjet printing not only enables to maintain optical transparency in a fogging environment but also makes the fabrication procedure more scalable. Furthermore, the strong adhesion between the hydrogel and the elastomer is shown to provide enhanced stability under repeated stretching cycles and long‐term exposure to water while the presence of a loosely cross‐linked PDMS at the bottom of the tape made it applicable to a wide range of transparent substrates without using additional adhesives.
Ambipolar MoS2 Field Effect Transistors with Negative Photoconductivity and High Responsivity Using an Ultrathin Epitaxial Ferroelectric Gate
Authors: Sun Yanxiao , Wang Yankun , Wang Zhe , Jiang Luyue , Hou Zhenfei , Dai Liyan , Zhao Jinyan , Xie Ya‐Hong , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde , Ren Wei , Niu Gang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFerroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs), characterized by their low power consumption and polarization effect, can be employed in photodetectors based on 2D materials. In this paper, a MoS2 phototransistor with epitaxial ferroelectric (Hf0.5Zr0.5)O2 (HZO) is reported as a gate dielectric layer. Gate‐dielectric‐polarization‐dependent ambipolar behavior is observed in the FET, and relatively low power consumption and hysteresis‐free loop are achieved in the FeFET. The anomalous negative photoconductivity (NPC) is observed as well. Possible reasons for such phenomenon are clarified including the photogating effect originating from the interface traps and the polarization‐dependent electric‐field control through ferroelectric gating. The high responsivity of −8.44 × 103 A W−1 in the negative photoconductivity as well as the response time of 500 ms are reported. The demonstrated Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) FeFET photodetectors show great potential in the on‐chip complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS)‐compatible circuits for multifunctional devices.
Controllable Atomic Migration in Microstructures and Defects for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Enhancement
Authors: Su Xiaogang , Wang Jun , Liu Tong , Zhang Yu , Liu Yanan , Zhang Bin , Liu Yaqing , Wu Hongjing , Xu He‐Xiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDefects and microstructures have been utilized to effectively modulate electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption for mitigating electromagnetic pollution and stealth issues. However, precisely feasibly tailoring them still remains challenging. Here, by using a multilevel hollow cobalt sulfide embedded in a heteroatomic sulfur (S) ‐doped carbon aerogel, a preferential reaction strategy of modulating point defects and hollow microstructures via controllable S atoms migration is proposed to improve the EM wave absorption. S atoms contribute to the creation of hollow structures via Kirkendall effects, as well as inducing point defects in the carbon lattice through doping. More significantly, the mechanisms prioritizing the formation of hollow structures over defects have been discovered, with low‐velocity atomic migration primarily modulating the microstructure for interfacial polarization and impedance matching, and high‐velocity atom migration focused on introducing defects to achieve polarization and conductive loss. The resulting aerogel exhibits an exceptionally maximum reflection loss of −52.82 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.82 GHz, which far exceeds most of the currently reported materials. Experimental and theoretical approaches, including microwave heating, Tesla interaction, first principles, and far‐field simulation, are comprehensively employed to verify its absorption effect and mechanism. Furthermore, the combination of excellent infrared stealth and self‐cleaning properties opens up its potential applications in complex environments.
Stable n‐Type Perylene Derivative Ladder Polymer with Antiambipolarity for Electrically Reconfigurable Organic Logic Gates
Authors: Wu Xihu , He Qiang , Zhou Zhongliang , Tam Teck Lip Dexter , Tang Cindy , Lin Ming , Moser Maximilian , Griggs Sophie , Marks Adam , Chen Shuai , Xu Jianwei , McCulloch Iain , Leong Wei Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are one of the promising building blocks to realize next‐generation bioelectronics. To date, however, the performance and signal processing capabilities of these devices remain limited by their stability and speed. Herein, the authors demonstrate stable and fast n‐type organic electrochemical transistors based on a side‐chain‐free ladder polymer, poly(benzimidazoanthradiisoquinolinedione). The device demonstrated fast normalized transient speed of 0.56 ± 0.17 ms um−2 and excellent long‐term stability in aqueous electrolytes, with no significant drop in its doping current after 50 000 successive doping/dedoping cycles and 2‐month storage at ambient conditions. These unique characteristics make this polymer especially suitable for bioelectronics, such as being used as a pull‐down channel in a complementary inverter for long‐term stable detection of electrophysiological signals. Moreover, the developed device shows a reversible anti‐ambipolar behavior, enabling reconfigurable electronics to be realized using a single material. These results go beyond the conventional OECT and demonstrate the potential of OECTs to exhibit dynamically configurable functionalities for next‐generation reconfigurable electronics.
Releasing Free Radicals in Precursor Triggers the Formation of Closed Pores in Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Yilin , Yi Zonglin , Xie Lijing , Mao Yixuan , Ji Wenjun , Liu Zhanjun , Wei Xianxian , Su Fangyuan , Chen Cheng‐Meng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncreasing closed pore volume in hard carbon is considered to be the most effective way to enhance the electrochemical performance in sodium‐ion batteries. However, there is a lack of systematic insights into the formation mechanisms of closed pores at molecular level. In this study, a regulation strategy of closed pores via adjustment of the content of free radicals is reported. Sufficient free radicals are exposed by part delignification of bamboo, which is related to the formation of well‐developed carbon layers and rich closed pores. In addition, excessive free radicals from nearly total delignification lead to more reactive sites during pyrolysis, which competes for limited precursor debris to form smaller microcrystals and therefore compact the material. The optimal sample delivers a large closed pore volume of 0.203 cm3 g−1, which leads to a high reversible capacity of 350 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1 and enhanced Na+ transfer kinetics. This work provides insights into the formation mechanisms of closed pores at molecular level, enabling rational design of hard carbon pore structures.
Microscopic and Spectroscopic Investigation of (AlxGa1–X)2O3 Films: Unraveling the Impact of Growth Orientation and Aluminum Content
Authors: Sarker Jith , Garg Prachi , Rauf Abrar , Nirjhar Ahsiur Rahman , Huang Hsien‐Lien , Zhu Menglin , Bhuiyan A. F. M. Anhar Uddin , Meng Lingyu , Zhao Hongping , Hwang Jinwoo , Osei‐Agyemang Eric , Ahmed Saquib , Mazumder Baishakhi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract(AlxGa1–x)2O3 is an ultrawide‐bandgap semiconductor with a high critical electric field for next‐generation high‐power transistors and deep‐ultraviolet photodetectors. While (010)‐(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films have been studied, the recent availability of (100), (01)‐Ga2O3 substrates have developed interest in (100), (01)‐(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films. In this work, an investigation of microscopic and spectroscopic characteristics of (100), (01), (010)–(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films is conducted. A combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography (APT), and first‐principle calculations (DFT) is performed. The findings reveal consistent in‐plane chemical homogeneity in lower aluminum content (x = 0.2) films. However, higher aluminum content (x = 0.5), showed inhomogeneity in (100), (010)–(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films attributed to their spectroscopic properties. The study expanded APT's capabilities to determine Ga─O and Al─O bond lengths by mapping their ion‐pair separations in detector space. The change in ion‐pair separations is consistent with varying orientations, irrespective of aluminum content. DFT also demonstrated a similar trend, concluding that Ga─O and Al─O bonding energy has an inverse relationship with their bond length as crystallographic orientations vary. This systematic study of growth orientation dependence of (AlxGa1–x)2O3 films’ microscopic and spectroscopic properties will guide the development of new (100) and (01)‐(AlxGa1–x)2O3 along with existing (010)–(AlxGa1–x)2O3 films.
Synthesis of 4,6‐Difluoro‐Tryptophan as a Probe for Protein 19F NMR
Authors: Monnie Christina M. , Hernández Iker , Meléndez‐Pacheco Raixie , Bhinderwala Fatema , Soloshonok Vadim A. , Gronenborn Angela M. , Landa Aitor , Oiarbide Mikel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA scalable procedure for the synthesis of 4,6‐difluorotryptophan is reported based on a deaminative coupling of a 4,6‐difluorogramine with 2‐benzylthio‐1,5‐dihydro‐4H‐imidazolone as glycine equivalent. Thus prepared 4,6‐difluorotryptophan was incorporated into the C‐terminal domain of the HIV‐1 capsid protein (CA‐CTD), and 19F spectra of the 4,6‐difluoro Trp CA CTD were recorded and compared to the singly fluorinated counterparts.
The Dual Role of the NFATc2/galectin‐9 Axis in Modulating Tumor‐Initiating Cell Phenotypes and Immune Suppression in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiao Zhi‐Jie , Wang Si‐Qi , Chen Jun‐Jiang , Li Yun , Jiang Yuchen , Tin Vicky Pui‐Chi , Liu Jia , Hu Huiyi , Wong Maria Pik , Pan Yihang , Yam Judy Wai Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTumor‐initiating cells (TICs) resilience and an immunosuppressive microenvironment are aggressive oncogenic phenotypes that contribute to unsatisfactory long‐term outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. The molecular mechanisms mediating the interaction between TICs and immune tolerance have not been elucidated. The role of Galectin‐9 in oncogenesis and immunosuppressive microenvironment is still unknown. This study explored the potential role of galectin‐9 in TIC regulation and immune modulation in LUAD. The results show that galectin‐9 supports TIC properties in LUAD. Co‐culture of patient‐derived organoids and matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that tumor‐secreted galectin‐9 suppressed T cell cytotoxicity and induced regulatory T cells (Tregs). Clinically, galectin‐9 is upregulated in human LUAD. High expression of galectin‐9 predicted poor recurrence‐free survival and correlated with high levels of Treg infiltration. LGALS9, the gene encoding galectin‐9, is found to be transcriptionally regulated by the nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFATc2), a previously reported TIC regulator, via in silico prediction and luciferase reporter assays. Overall, the results suggest that the NFATc2/galectin‐9 axis plays a dual role in TIC regulation and immune suppression.
In Situ Reconstruction to Surface Sulfide Adsorbed Metal Scaffold for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity
Authors: Fan Kaicai , Zong Lingbo , Liu Junxian , Chuang Cheng‐Hao , Dong Mengyang , Zou Yu , Xu Yiming , Fu Huai Qin , Zhang Lei , Wang Liang , Zhou Ming , Zhan Tianrong , Liu Porun , Zhao Huijun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransition‐metal‐based compounds have been intensively explored as efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Feasible reconstruction to the real active sites, which is yet to be identified, endows the promotion of HER activity. Here, it is reported that the incoming S coordinates and anion vacancies prompt the structural reconstruction of S‐doped Co3O4 on carbon cloth (S‐Co3O4/CC) during HER. A list of in situ studies reveals that the real active sites for HER are the “metallic surface‐adparticles” system embracing metallic Co scaffold and the dilute coverage of S coordinated Coδ+. Reaction mechanism exploration illustrates that interfacial perimeters between the coverage of Co3S4 moieties and metallic Co considerably facilitate the adsorption of H*, improve the kinetics of water dissociation, and consequently promote HER activity. The exemplified sulfide‐mediated topotactic transformation strategy is extended to the preparation of S, Fe codoped Ni(OH)2 (S‐NiFe/CC) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst. The assembled anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer achieves a current density of 1.0 A cm−2 at 1.72 V, showing excellent capability in catalyzing overall water splitting at ampere level. This study, showing a feasible strategy that enables the facile reconstruction to identify active sites, would inspire the development of efficient electrocatalysts for HER and other electrochemical hydrogenation reaction.
A de novo frameshift variant in MED13 gene in a patient with autism spectrum disorder and magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities mimicking tuberous sclerosis
Authors: Pantalone Gloria , Mancardi Maria Margherita , Rossi Andrea , Romanelli Roberta , Marasco Elena , Carla Marini 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe mediator complex subunit 13 (MED13) gene is implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability, and speech delay with varying severity and course. Additional, extra central nervous system, features include eye or vision problems, hypotonia, congenital heart abnormalities, and dysmorphisms. We describe a 7‐year‐ and 4‐month‐old girl evaluated for ASD whose brain magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of multiple cortical tubers. The exome sequencing (ES ‐ trio analysis) uncovered a unique, de novo, frameshift variant in the MED13 gene (c.4880del, D1627Vfs*17), with a truncating effect on the protein. This case report thus expands the phenotypic spectrum of MED13‐related disorders to include brain abnormalities.
Photon Blockades in an Optomechanical Cavity with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate in the Strong Coupling Regime
Authors: Zhai Cui‐Lu , Lu Wangjun , Jiao Ya‐Feng , Kuang Le‐Man 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA proposal is made on how to manipulate photon blockades (PBs) and photon‐induced tunneling (PIT) in an optomechanical cavity with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate. It is shown that the single‐photon blockade (1PB) can emerge with appropriate scattering strength between atoms. Further, by tuning interatomic scattering strength, the switch between 1PB and PIT at the fixed optical detuning can be realized in interatomic repulsion or attraction conditions. The enhancement of 1PB can also be achieved. The scattering control of PBs can be understood from the perspective of the anharmonicity of the energy levels modulated by the interatomic collision. Such a system can be equivalent to a conventional optomechanical system plus an interatomic scattering term. It is found that although there are no PBs in the conventional optomechanical system, in the BEC optomechanical system (BECOMS), PBs can occur at the fixed optical detuning. Moreover, the BECOMS can exhibit stronger 1PB under the same optomechanical coupling intensity. Due to the advantages of intrinsic strong optomechanical nonlinearity and the negligible thermal noise of the mechanical environment, BECOMS is promising for experimental realization of PBs. The results open new possibilities for manipulating few‐photon states in quantum regime in cavity optomechanics with a Bose‐Einstein Condensate.