bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of gastric cancer patients after successful gastrectomy
Authors: Rohatgi Pooja R. , Yao James C. , Hess Kenneth , Schnirer Isac , Rashid Asif , Mansfield Paul F. , Pisters Peter W. , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.The effect of the location of disease recurrence after curative (R0) gastrectomy on patient survival has not been elucidated. The authors hypothesized that the location of recurrence would have a significant influence on survival.METHODS.Medical records of all patients who received treatment for gastric cancer at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1985 and 1998 were reviewed. Patients who underwent R0 resection for gastric cancer and subsequently developed localized (anastomotic) recurrence (LR), lymph node (regional) recurrence (NR), or distant metastases (DM) were analyzed for overall survival (OS). All study factors were entered into a Cox proportional hazards model to provide multivariate hazard ratios. The model was adjusted for the effects of primary site of recurrence, histologic grade, patient age, and location of the primary tumor.RESULTS.This retrospective analysis included 227 consecutive patients. The median survival of patients who developed NR (11 months) was similar to that of patients who developed LR (10 months), but both groups had significantly longer median survival compared with patients who developed DM (7 months; log‐rank P = .03). Patients who had well differentiated or moderately differentiated tumors had a longer OS (11 months) than patients who had poorly differentiated tumors (8 months; log‐rank P = .02). In this cohort, location of the primary cancer and age at recurrence had no significant impact on OS.CONCLUSIONS.The data from this study suggested that, among patients who undergo R0 gastrectomy for gastric cancer, LR and NR versus DM should be considered a valid stratification factor for randomized trials based on significant differences in survival. Determining whether this stratification should apply to histologic differentiation will require further investigation in a larger multicenter cohort. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Compartmental Modeling of the Fluorescence Anisotropy Decay of a Cylindrically Symmetric Brownian Rotor: Identifiability Analysis
Authors: Boens Noël , Novikov Eugene , Ameloot Marcel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe present the results of the deterministic identifiability analysis based on similarity transformation for models of one‐state excited‐state events of cylindrically symmetric rotors in isotropic environments undergoing rotational diffusion described by Brownian reorientation. Such an analysis on error‐free time‐resolved fluorescence (anisotropy) data can reveal whether the parameters of the considered model can be determined. The fluorescence δ‐response functions I||(t) and I⊥(t), for fluorescence polarized respectively parallel and perpendicular to the electric vector of linearly polarized excitation, are used to construct, in convenient matrix form, expressions of the sum S(t)=I||(t)+2 I⊥(t), the difference D(t)=I||(t)−I⊥(t), and the time‐resolved fluorescence anisotropy r(t)=D(t)/S(t). The identifiability analysis of r(t) demonstrates that the rotational diffusion coefficients D|| and D⊥ for rotation respectively about and perpendicular to the symmetry axis can be uniquely resolved. However, the polar and azimuthal angles defining the absorption and emission transition moments in the molecular reference frame are not individually identifiable. Nevertheless, the difference between the polar angles of these transition moments is uniquely determined.
Combinatorial expression patterns of heparan sulfate sulfotransferases in zebrafish: II. The 6‐O‐sulfotransferase family
Authors: Cadwallader Adam B. , Yost H. Joseph 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHeparan sulfate (HS) is an unbranched chain of repetitive disaccharides, which specifically binds ligands when attached to the cell surface or secreted extracellularly. HS chains contain sulfated domains termed the HS fine structure, which gives HS specific binding affinities for extracellular ligands. HS 6‐O‐sulfotransferases (6‐OST) catalyze the transfer of sulfate groups to the 6‐O position of glucosamine residues of HS. We report here the characterization and developmental expression analysis of the 6‐OST gene family in the zebrafish. The zebrafish 6‐OST gene family consists of four conserved vertebrate orthologues, including a gene duplication specific to zebrafish. We examined the mRNA expression patterns in several tissues/organs throughout early zebrafish development, including early cleavage stages, eyes, somites, brain, internal organ primordial, and pectoral fin development. Members of the 6‐OST gene family have spatially and temporally distinct restricted expression, suggesting in vivo functional differences exist between members of this family. Developmental Dynamics 235:3432–3437, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mice with mutations in Mahogunin ring finger‐1 (Mgrn1) exhibit abnormal patterning of the left–right axis
Authors: Cota Christina D. , Bagher Pooneh , Pelc Piotr , Smith C. Owen , Bodner Christina R. , Gunn Teresa M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMahogunin Ring Finger 1 (Mgrn1) encodes a RING‐containing protein with ubiquitin ligase activity that has been implicated in pigment‐type switching. In addition to having dark fur, mice lacking MGRN1 develop adult‐onset spongy degeneration of the central nervous system and have reduced embryonic viability. Observation of complete situs inversus in a small proportion of adult Mgrn1 mutant mice suggested that embryonic lethality resulted from congenital heart defects due to defective establishment and/or maintenance of the left–right (LR) axis. Here we report that Mgrn1 is expressed in a pattern consistent with a role in LR patterning during early development and that many Mgrn1 mutant embryos show abnormal expression of asymmetrically expressed genes involved in LR patterning. A range of complex heart defects was observed in 20–25% of mid‐to‐late gestation Mgrn1 mutant embryos and another 20% were dead. This finding was consistent with 46–60% mortality of mutants by weaning age. Our results indicate that Mgrn1 acts early in the LR signaling cascade and is likely to provide new insight into this developmental process as Nodal expression was uncoupled from expression of other Nodal‐responsive genes in Mgrn1 mutant embryos. Our work identifies a novel role for MGRN1 in embryonic patterning and suggests that the ubiquitination of MGRN1 target genes is essential for the proper establishment and/or maintenance of the LR axis. Developmental Dynamics 235:3438–3447, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Start the clock! Circadian rhythms and development
Authors: Vallone Daniela , Lahiri Kajori , Dickmeis Thomas , Foulkes Nicholas S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe contribution of timing cues from the environment to the coordination of early developmental processes is poorly understood. The day–night cycle represents one of the most important, regular environmental changes that animals are exposed to. A key adaptation that allows animals to anticipate daily environmental changes is the circadian clock. In this review, we aim to address when a light‐regulated circadian clock first emerges during development and what its functions are at this early stage. In particular, do circadian clocks regulate early developmental processes? We will focus on results obtained withDrosophilaand vertebrates, where both circadian clock and developmental control mechanisms have been intensively studied. Developmental Dynamics 236:142–155, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design and Performance of a New Thin‐Layer Radial‐Flow Holder for a Quartz Crystal Resonator of an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance
Authors: Kochman Agnieszka , Krupka Andrzej , Grissbach Jerzy , Kutner Włodzimierz , Gniewińska Barbara , Nafalski Lucjan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA new compact holder for either 5‐ or 10‐MHz AT‐cut quartz crystal resonator of an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance was designed, fabricated and characterized. The holder is a hydrodynamically controlled thin‐layer radial‐flow microelectrochemical cell. Its unique feature consists of (i) a micrometer‐screw adjustable distance between the movable coaxial assembly of the Ag/Ag+ pseudoreference electrode and the inlet capillary nozzle with respect to the metal‐film working electrode of the quartz crystal resonator, and (ii) a U‐clamp mountable resonator, easily accessible for change without using any tools. The inlet solution stream is centered axially against the working electrode. The holder performance was tested under different flow conditions. These include hydrodynamic voltammetry measurements on the Fe(CN)$\rm{ {_{6}^{4-}}}$/Fe(CN)$\rm{ {_{6}^{3-}}}$ couple, i.e., a redox system with no mass transfer across the solution–electrode interface, as well as simultaneous chronoamperometry and chronoelectrogravimetry measurements under flow injection analysis (FIA) conditions on the Ag/Ag+ couple, i.e., a system with electrodeposition of a rigid metallic film. Moreover, simultaneous changes of resonant frequency and dynamic resistance were measured under FIA conditions for a glycerol solution, i.e., an electroinactive viscous medium. For the 30<Fm<180 μL min−1 volume flow rate of solution and 50<d<250 μm nozzle‐to‐resonator distance, the holder operates in a thin‐layer radial‐flow regime at a fully developed laminar flow. For Fm=30 μL min−1 and d=100 μm, both mass and charge conversion accompanying silver electrodeposition is appreciably high and close to 35%. Simultaneous measurements of the resonant frequency change and current‐potential or current‐time transients allowed investigations of electrochemical processes involving mass changes of rigid deposits while those of the frequency change and dynamic resistance change involve changes of viscoelastic properties of medium.
Permselective and Preconcentration Properties of a Surfactant‐Intercalated Clay Modified Electrode
Authors: Ngameni E. , Tonlé I. K. , Apohkeng J. T. , Bouwé R. G. B. , Jieumboué A. T. , Walcarius A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis work is focused on the voltammetric examination of the ion exchange properties of a smectite type clay, before and after its modification by the replacement of its native interlamellar cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+) by hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations (HDTMA+). The raw clay and its organically modified form were first characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET method) that confirmed the modification via an intercalation process. These materials were subsequently coated onto glassy carbon surfaces, and the resulting modified electrodes were evaluated for the uptake of [Ru(NH3)6]3+ and [Fe(CN)6]3− ions used as redox probes. Some experimental parameters affecting the incorporation of the probes within the film, including the ionic strength, the surfactant loading and the solution pH are thoroughly examined, in order to highlight the mechanism of the process. The possibility of using the surfactant‐intercalated clay modified electrode as an electrochemical sensor for [Fe(CN)6]3− is also evaluated.
Psychometric properties of the Attitudes Towards Body Figure Questionnaire in Mexican female students and patients with eating disorders
Authors: Santoncini Claudia Unikel , García Francisco Juárez , Peresmitré Gilda Gómez 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe aim of this article was to determine the psychometric characteristics of the Attitudes Towards Body Figure Questionnaire in a sample of Mexican female students and to compare them with a sample of patients with eating disorders. A self‐applicable questionnaire with 15 questions on the importance of one's weight, and figure was given to a sample of students with an average age of 18 years in Mexico City (N = 408) and a sample of patients under treatment (N = 87). The results showed adequate values of internal consistency and a factorial structure in two highly correlated factors that was corroborated in a confirmatory factorial analysis. The questionnaire yielded data with adequate concurrent and predictive validity as well as appropriate values of sensitivity and specificity. This questionnaire constitutes a significant contribution to the field of research on eating disorders and body image in adolescents in Mexico that is why its use is recommended for research and prevention work in the area. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Intracranial therapy of glioblastoma with the fusion protein DTAT in immunodeficient mice
Authors: Rustamzadeh Edward , Hall Walter A. , Todhunter Deborah A. , Vallera Vincent D. , Low Walter C. , Liu Haiying , Panoskaltsis‐Mortari Angela , Vallera Daniel A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA gene splicing technique was used to create a hybrid fusion protein DTAT encoding the 390 amino acid portion of diphtheria toxin (DT390), a linker, and the downstream 135‐amino terminal fragment portion of human urokinase plasminogen activator. DTAT was assembled to target human glioblastoma cell lines in a murine intracranial model. Previously published in vitro studies demonstrated that DTAT was highly selective and toxic to human glioblastoma cell lines in a flank tumor model. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity, specificity and possible therapeutic efficacy of DTAT in an intracranial model. Convection enhanced delivery of DTAT resulted in about a 16‐fold increase in maximum tolerated dose. Intracranial administration of DTAT on an every‐other‐day basis in nude mice with established U87 MG brain tumors resulted in significant reductions in tumor volume and significantly prolonged survival (p < 0.0001). Magnetic resonance imaging proved to be a powerful tool in mice and rats for demonstrating tumor growth in a xenograft intracranial model, assessing the efficacy of DTAT in tumor volume reduction and detecting DTAT‐associated intracranial toxicity and vascular damage. These results suggest that the DTAT recombinant fusion protein is highly effective in an intracranial model and DTAT might be an effective treatment for glioblastoma. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On invertible terraces for non‐abelian groups
Authors: Ollis M. A. , Whitaker Roger M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe give several constructions for invertible terraces and invertible directed terraces. These enable us to give the first known infinite families of invertible terrraces, both directed and undirected, for non‐abelian groups. In particular, we show that all generalized dicyclic groups of orders 24k + 4 and 24k + 20 have an invertible directed terrace and that all groups of the form A × G have an invertible terrace, where A is an (possibly trivial) abelian group of odd order and G is any one of: (i) a generalized dihedral group of order 12k + 2 or 12k + 10; (ii) a generalized dicyclic group of order 24k + 4 or 24k + 20; (iii) a non‐abelian group of order n with 10 ≤ n ≤ 21; (iv) a non‐abelian binary group of order n with 24 ≤ n ≤ 42. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 15: 437–447, 2007
Neocortical and cerebellar developmental abnormalities in conditions of selective elimination of peroxisomes from brain or from liver
Authors: Krysko Olga , Hulshagen Leen , Janssen Anneleen , Schütz Günter , Klein Rüdiger , De Bruycker Melina , Espeel Marc , Gressens Pierre , Baes Myriam 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDefects in the formation of the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum are a prominent feature of the peroxisome biogenesis disorder Zellweger syndrome and in mouse models for this disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of liver and brain peroxisomes on neurodevelopment by analyzing mice with tissue‐selective elimination of peroxisomes. To this end, Pex5‐loxP mice were bred with albumin/α‐fetoprotein (Alfp)‐Cre and nestin (Nes)‐Cre mice. Local elimination of peroxisomes from the brain in Nes‐Pex5 knockout mice caused a delay of cortical neuronal migration and of the formation of cerebellar folia and fissures. Migration of granule cells from the external granular layer was retarded, as was the polarization and branching of Purkinje cells, resulting in a less complex branching pattern and a smaller dendritic tree at P21. The Alfp‐Pex5 knockout mice were affected differently, displaying a partial arrest of neuronal migration in the cerebral neopallium in the postnatal period despite of the incomplete elimination of peroxisomes from liver during embryonic development. Major abnormalities were seen in the formation of the cerebellum of these liver knockout mice, including hypotrophy, impaired foliation, a delay of granule cell migration, increased cell death, and stunted Purkinje cell arborization. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that absence of peroxisomal function both from liver and brain impairs cortical neuronal migration and maturation of the cerebellum, but different pathogenic mechanisms might be involved. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Presenilin 1 is involved in the maturation of β‐site amyloid precursor protein‐cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1)
Authors: Kuzuya Akira , Uemura Kengo , Kitagawa Naoyuki , Aoyagi Nobuhisa , Kihara Takeshi , Ninomiya Haruaki , Ishiura Shoichi , Takahashi Ryosuke , Shimohama Shun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne of the pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is the excessive deposition of β‐amyloid peptides (Aβ) in senile plaques. Aβ is generated when β‐amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved sequentially by β‐secretase, identified as β‐site APP‐cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and γ‐secretase, a putative enzymatic complex containing presenilin 1 (PS1). However, functional interaction between PS1 and BACE1 has never been known. In addition to this classical role in the generation of Aβ peptides, it has also been proposed that PS1 affects the intracellular trafficking and maturation of selected membrane proteins. We show that the levels of exogenous and endogenous mature BACE1 expressed in presenilin‐deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (PS−/−MEFs) were reduced significantly compared to those in wild‐type MEFs. Moreover, the levels of mature BACE1 were increased in human neuroblastoma cell line, SH‐SY5Y, stably expressing wild‐type PS1, compared to native cells. Conversely, the maturation of BACE1 was compromised under the stable expression of dominant–negative mutant PS1 overexpression. Immunoprecipitation assay showed that PS1 preferably interacts with proBACE1 rather than mature BACE1, indicating that PS1 can be directly involved in the maturation process of BACE1. Further, endogenous PS1 was immunoprecipitated with endogenous BACE1 in SH‐SY5Y cells and mouse brain tissue. We conclude that PS1 is directly involved in the maturation of BACE1, thus possibly functioning as a regulator of both β‐ and γ‐secretase in Aβ generation. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase protects human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells against oxidative stress
Authors: Kim Sun J. , Yune Tae Y. , Han Ching T. , Kim Young C. , Oh Young J. , Markelonis George J. , Oh Tae H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe neuroprotective effect of mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPm), an enzyme involved in the reduction of NADP+ to NADPH and the supply of glutathione (GSH) in mitochondria, was examined using SH‐SY5Y cells overexpressing IDPm (S1). S1 cells showed higher NADPH and GSH levels than vector transfectant (V) cells and were more resistant to staurosporine‐induced cell death than controls. Staurosporine‐induced cytochrome c release, caspase‐3 activation, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly attenuated in S1 cells as compared to V cells and reduced by antioxidants, trolox and GSH‐ethyl ester (GSH‐EE). Staurosporine‐induced the release of Mcl‐1 from mitochondria that formed a complex with Bim. Mcl‐1 was then cleaved to a shortened form in a caspase‐3 dependent manner; its release was attenuated far more in S1 than in V cells after staurosporine treatment. Finally, the staurosporine‐induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) was correlated with the time of mitochondrial Mcl‐1 release; the loss of Δψm was attenuated significantly in S1 cells as compared to that in V cells. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of IDPm may result from increases in NADPH and GSH levels in the mitochondria. This, in turn, inhibits mitochondrial ROS production after cytochrome c release, which seems to be mediated through Mcl‐1 release. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of two widely used PTSD‐screening instruments: Implications for public mental health planning
Authors: Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Rheingold Alyssa A. , Resnick Heidi S. , Kilpatrick Dean G. , Galea Sandro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEpidemiological research serves a critical role in public mental health planning in the aftermath of disasters, particularly via estimation of the mental health burden and potential needs of affected communities. However, different measures are used across studies to assess mental health response, making cross‐study comparison difficult. The National Women's Study Posttraumatic Stress Disorder module (NWS‐PTSD) and PTSD Checklist (PCL) have been among the most widely used measures of PTSD in postdisaster research. Here, the authors used a sample of 233 New York City‐area residents who were administered both the NWS‐PTSD and PCL 4 months after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The PCL yielded higher prevalence estimates at the symptom, cluster, and diagnostic levels. Implications for the interpretation of epidemiological data are discussed.
Dissemination of evidence‐based mental health interventions: Importance to the trauma field
Authors: Katon Wayne J. , Zatzick Doug , Bond Gary , Williams John 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRandomized controlled trials have established the efficacy of psychotherapy and medication treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite these advancements, many individuals do not receive guideline‐concordant PTSD care. In an effort to advance dissemination of evidence‐based PTSD treatments, the authors review several examples of dissemination efforts of mental health interventions. The first examples describe the dissemination of multifaceted collaborative care interventions for patients with depressive disorders and evidence‐based interventions for patients with severe mental illness. The final example explores evolving efforts to adapt and disseminate interventions to acutely injured trauma survivors. For each example, the authors describe the problem with prior clinical approaches, the program to be disseminated, the barriers and levers to implementation and the progress in overcoming these barriers.
Augmentation of sertraline with prolonged exposure in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Rothbaum Barbara O. , Cahill Shawn P. , Foa Edna B. , Davidson Jonathan R. T. , Compton Jill , Connor Kathryn M. , Astin Millie C. , Hahn Chang‐Gyu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe present study was designed to determine whether augmenting sertraline with prolonged exposure (PE) would result in greater improvement than continuation with sertraline alone. Outpatient men and women with chronic PTSD completed 10 weeks of open label sertraline and then were randomly assigned to five additional weeks of sertraline alone (n = 31) or sertraline plus 10 sessions of twice‐weekly PE (n = 34). Results indicated that sertraline led to a significant reduction in PTSD severity after 10 weeks but was associated with no further reductions after five more weeks. Participants who received PE showed further reduction in PTSD severity. This augmentation effect was observed only for participants who showed a partial response to medication.