bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FTO ameliorates learning and memory impairment by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia
Authors: li mengdie , Zhong Yongjie , Zhang Ling , Song Zhen , Wei Chuke , Zhang Kai , Liu Huanzhong , Yang Yating 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia (SCZ) is still unclear, and m6A methylation may be involved in the neuropsychiatric diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of m6A methylation on learning and memory impairment induced by a neurodevelopmental model of SCZ.
Methods
Perinatal NMDA receptor antagonist combined with post-weaning social isolation (MK-SI) was used to construct a neural development model of SCZ. FTO adeno-associated virus (AAV) was injected into the hippocampus by stereotaxic technique. Then, it is evaluated by a series of behavioral tests. Brain tissue was analyzed by m6A dot blot, LC-MS/MS, qRT-PCR, western blot, tissue staining, MeRIP-seq, and colorimetry.
Results
Our results showed that FTO mediates m6A modification in the hippocampus of MK-SI mice, leading to learning and memory impairment. AAV9 FTO knockdown (FTO-KD) aggravated learning and memory impairment induced by MK-SI model. In contrast, AAV9 FTO overexpression (FTO-OE) reversed these effects. In addition, FB23-2 inhibited the reversal effect of FTO-OE in MK-SI mice, further confirming the important role of FTO in MK-SI-induced learning and memory impairment. Next, using high-throughput sequencing analysis, we found that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway may play a key role. In addition, the expression of the apoptotic protein Bax and the pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were regulated by FTO.
Conclusions
In summary, the demethylase FTO mediated m6A modification to induce learning and memory impairment, highlighting the important role played by FTO in cognitive dysfunction in the MK-SI model.
Comparison of Targeted Next Generation Sequencing Assays in Non-small cell lung cancer Patients
Authors: Drejeriene Ieva , Gruode Jurate , Cicenas Saulius , Loizides Charalambos , Eliades Alexia , Achilleos Achilleas , Kypri Elena , Tsangaras Kyriakos , Ioannides Marios , Koumbaris George , Stanciute Diana , Krasauskas Arnoldas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung cancer the mutational spectrum of which has been extensively characterized. Treatment of patients with NSCLC based on their molecular profile is now part of the standard clinical care. The aim of this study was firstly to investigate two different NGS-based tumor profile genetic tests and secondly to assess the clinical actionability of the mutations and their association with survival and clinicopathological characteristics. Overall, 52 mutations were identified in 31 patients by either one or both assays. The most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (40.4%), KRAS (13.46%) and EGFR (9.62%). TP53 and KRAS mutations were associated with worst overall survival while KRAS was positively correlated with adenocarcinoma. The two methods showed a high concordance for the commonly covered genomic regions (97.14%). Ten mutations were identified in a genomic region exclusively covered by the NIPD Genetics custom tumor profile assay. Likewise, one MET mutation was identified by the Ion Amliseq assay in a genomic region exclusively covered by Ion Amliseq. In conclusion both assays showed highly similar results in the commonly covered genomic areas, however, the NIPD Genetics assay identified additional clinically actionable mutations that can be applied in clinical practice for personalized treatment decision making for patients with NSCLC.
Optimising (Re-)Irradiation for Locally Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer: Impact of Dose-Escalation, Salvage Surgery, PEG Tube Dependence and Biomarkers on Oncological Outcomes
Authors: Schleifenbaum Julia Katharina , Morgenthaler Janis , Sharma Shachi Jenny , Klußmann Jens Peter , Linde Philipp , Wegen Simone , Rosenbrock Johannes , Baues Christian , Fokas Emmanouil , Khor Richard , Ng Sweet Ping , Marnitz Simone , Trommer Maike 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Locoregional recurrence (LR) is common in locally-advanced head and neck cancer (HNSCC), posing challenges for treatment. We analysed outcome parameters and toxicities for patients being treated with radiotherapy (RT) for LR-HNSCC and investigated patient and disease related prognostic factors in this prognostically unfavourable group.
Methods
This analysis includes 101 LR-HNSCC patients treated with RT, radio-chemotherapy (RCT) or radio-immunotherapy (RIT) between 2010–2018. Patient characteristics, tumour and treatment details were retrospectively collected. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicities were assessed.
Results
62% of patients were radiotherapy-naïve (initial RT) while 38% were re-irradiated at site of LR (re-RT). Median OS for initial RT was 17 months, for re-RT 9 months (p = 0.005). In the RCT subgroup, patients with initial RT had significantly longer OS with 27 months compared to re-RT 12 months (p = 0.006). Patients requiring a percutaneous feeding tube had significantly shorter OS (12 vs. 27 months) in multivariate analysis. Significant factors for longer OS in univariate analysis included salvage surgery, haemoglobin levels ≥ 12g/dl, low inflammatory status (Glasgow Prognostic Score 0), radiation doses ≥ 50 Gy. We detected 37 (15%) ≥ Grade III events for initial RT and 19 (15%) for re-RT patients.
Conclusion
We identified key prognostic factors including feeding tube dependence, anaemia, and inflammation status that could guide treatment decision. Our findings suggest salvage surgery as preferred treatment option with postoperative RT in high risk situations. A radiation dose of ≥ 50 Gy should be administered to achieve better outcomes. Adverse events due to re-RT are acceptable using an OAR-driven approach.
The dimethyloxalylglycine-functionalized nanofibers for in situ regeneration of infected developing dental roots
Authors: Woo Kyung Mi , Yoo Yeon-Jee , Eun-Hye Lee , Bae Jieun , Kim Woo Jin , Park Chan Ho , Chung Shin Hye , Shon Won Jun , Lee WooCheol 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In situ regeneration in restorative dentistry focuses on repairing tissues directly at the injury site by using engineered biomaterials to guide endogenous cell activity. This approach aims to simplify treatment processes and improve outcomes for conditions like developing teeth with necrotic pulp infections. This study explores the potential of poly(ε-caprolactone) fibers (PCLF) functionalized with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) for in situ regeneration in the context of dental root repair in immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. In vivo application to a model in beagle dogs demonstrated the effectiveness of PCLF/DMOG in promoting root development, apical closure, and clearing infectious lesions, contrasting with calcium hydroxide paste, contemporary regenerative endodontic treatment controls that showed thin root growth and resilient persistent infection. Mechanistically, the sustained release of DMOG from PCLF/DMOG significantly enhanced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and upregulated genes associated with angiogenesis and neurogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor-A and nerve growth factor. The PCLF/DMOG upregulated antimicrobial peptides, facilitated efferocytic activities, and promoted macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype. These findings highlight the potential of PCLF/DMOG scaffolds for dental root regeneration, offering a promising approach for treating immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis through in situ regeneration.
Mid-term outcomes of endoscopic vein harvesting in coronary artery bypass graft: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Wuwei , Liu Yiming , Qi Haoyu , Liu Yafeng , Jiang Yunfei , Fan Rui , Shao Junjie , Chen Wen , Su Cunhua , Chen Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) is an alternative technique to obtain the saphenous vein for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We aimed to evaluate the early and mid-term outcomes of patients with EVH in CABG.
METHODS
This cohort study included consecutive isolated CABG patients in Nanjing First Hospital from July 2020 to December 2022 using propensity score matching methods. Patients were classified to EVH group and open vein harvesting (OVH) group according to the vein harvesting methods. The primary outcome was the all-cause death, and the secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including cardiovascular death, heart failure, myocardial infarction and revascularization and asymptomatic survival in the follow-up.
RESULTS
Totally 1247 patients were included in the study with 849 in OVH group and 398 in EVH group. Patients with EVH were more female, diabetes, higher body mass index, more multi-vessel and left main diseases. 308 pairs were formed after the matching. There was no significant difference in the rates of in-hospital death (EVH vs. OVH, 2.3% vs. 1.3%, P = 0.543). During the 3 years follow-up, EVH grafts were considered not inferior to OVH grafts, no differences were found in all-cause death [8.5% vs. 5.0%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.565, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–3.17, P = 0.21], MACEs (8.1% vs. 7.1%, HR 1.165, 95CI: 0.51–2.69, P = 0.71) and asymptomatic survival (66.7% vs. 72.5%, HR 1.117, 95%CI: 0.65–1.92, P = 0.68).
CONCLUSIONS
EVH grafts were considered comparable to OVH grafts in patients following CABG in the 3 years follow-up.
Assessing Patient Experiences with a Virtual Triage and Assessment Centre (VTAC): A Mixed-Method Study Using an Online Survey and Semi-Structured Interviews in Renfrew County, Ontario.
Authors: St-Amant Antoine , Peixoto Cayden , Bair-Patel Dez , Heideman Martha , Menkhorst Kayla , Fitzsimon Jonathan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
In March 2020, the Renfrew County Virtual Triage and Assessment Centre (VTAC) was launched as a large-scale, innovative, hybrid healthcare program. VTAC aims to alleviate pressure on emergency departments by providing additional and more equitable access to family physicians and allied health professionals. This study’s objective was to evaluate patients’ experiences with VTAC.
Methods
In this sequential explanatory mixed-method study, we distributed 397 online surveys and conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with Renfrew County residents aged 18 and above who had utilized VTAC at least once since 2023. Survey data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and a multivariate binary logistic regression, while semi-structured interviews were coded and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Our findings demonstrate widespread satisfaction with VTAC, and a perception of receiving high-quality care. This was irrespective of demographic characteristics, health status, or appointment modality. In our interviews, four main themes emerged: “Healthcare in Renfrew County”, “Accessing VTAC”, “VTAC Clinical Care”, and “Improving VTAC”. These themes underscore major difficulties residents encounter in accessing healthcare in Renfrew County and illustrate that services from VTAC align with a genuine population-level need, offering a valuable contribution to addressing some of these challenges.
Conclusion
Our study highlights that Renfrew County is grappling with a crisis of access to healthcare, and that VTAC fills a crucial gap, primarily by providing timely access to a family doctor. The findings provide evidence of patient acceptability and satisfaction with VTAC, potentially guiding the design of future healthcare programs.
Specifying implementation strategies used in delivering services for HIV, gender-based violence and sexual and reproductive health to adolescent girls and young women in community health systems in Zambia
Authors: Zulu Joseph Mumba , Maritim Patricia , Silumbwe Adam , Wang Bo , Chavula Malizgani Paul , Munakampe Margarate , Halwiindi Hikabasa , Hazemba Alice Ngoma , Matenga Tulani.Francis L. , Mweemba Mable , Menon J. Anitha , Kim Deogwoon , Musukuma Mwiche , Zyambo Cosmas , MacDonell Karen , Mweemba Oliver , Simpungwe Matilda Kakungu , Phiri Henry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Zambia experience challenges including gender-based violence (GBV) and difficulty obtaining care for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and treatment for HIV. Implementation strategies for delivering GBV, SRH and HIV services targeted to AGYW in community health systems (CHS) have not been fully specified. We sought to define and specify common implementation strategies being used in Zambia.
Methods
In a qualitative case study in 3 districts, we interviewed 29 key informants from government bodies, NGOs, and community leaders; we also conducted 23 in-depth interviews with AGYW aged between 10 and 24 years. Analysis of the data used thematic analysis based on the four CHS lenses (programmatic, relational, collective action, and critical lenses) and on the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) compilation of implementation strategies.
Results
Implementation strategies identified under the programmatic lens were 1) changing infrastructure, which included increasing health facilities and delivering adolescent- and young people-friendly services; 2) training and educating stakeholders, which consisted of increasing capacity building, developing and using educational materials, ongoing training and educational outreach visits; and 3) adapting and tailoring services to context, which included delivering integrated services and developing by-laws. Relational lens strategies were 1) developing stakeholder interrelationships such as building a coalition of service providers; and 2) using new funding through cost-sharing among stakeholders. Under the collective action lens, implementers mainly engaged consumers, by increasing demand using community networks, using mass media to share information, and intervening with patients to enhance uptake of services. The critical lens showed that effective implementation of GBV, SRH and HIV services was affected by structural and socio- cultural factors such as social stigma and cultural norms.
Conclusion
This study builds on the ERIC compilation of implementation strategies by identifying and specifying implementation strategies used in the delivery of HIV, GBV and services for AGYW in community health systems. We provide additional evidence on the importance of relational and collective-action approaches in strengthening community-engaged implementation and dissemination.
Analysis of factors influencing the complications of severe acute pancreatitis combined with hemorrhage
Authors: Shao Liang , Wan Jianhua , He Wenhua , Zhu Yong , Zhu Yin , Liu Jing , Liu Fen , Lu Nonghua , Xia Liang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The complication of hemorrhage in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is an important influencing factor for poor prognosis, and the existing research is still insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the influencing factors of hemorrhage in SAP patients.
Methods
Reviewing the clinical data of SAP patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022, this study evaluated the independent influencing factors of bleeding based on the propensity score matching method and multivariate logistic regression analysis, established a Nomogram prediction model for predicting SAP patients with concurrent bleeding, and drew the ROC curve while observing prognosis.
Results
A total of 804 patients were finally included according to the nadir criteria, and 97 (12.1%) were found to have hemorrhage complications. After screening by propensity score matching method, 440 patients were identified including 88 patients with bleeding. In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, computed tomography severity index score (CTSI) score (OR: 1.771, 95% CI: 1.434–2.187, P < 0.001), Infected Pancreatic Necrosis (IPN) (OR: 4.407, 95% CI: 1.854–10.476, P < 0.001), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score ≥ 15 (OR: 12.323, 95% CI: 5.015–30.282, P < 0.001), Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) (OR: 3.685, 95% CI: 1.462–9.287, P = 0.006), and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) (OR: 0.251, 95% CI: 0.094–0.670, P = 0.006) were identified as independent influencing factors for SAP with concurrent bleeding. Accordingly, we constructed a Nomogram prediction model with an area under the curve of the ROC curve of AUC of 0.924. The median time of hospital stay in ICU and total hospital stay was significantly higher in the bleeding group than in the non-bleeding group (30VS7, 48VS18, P < 0.001), and the number of deaths in the bleeding group was significantly higher than that in the non-bleeding group (46.6%VS6.5%, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Complications of SAP hemorrhage suggest poor prognosis; therefore, for patients with elevated CTSI score and APACHE II score, combined IPN and ACS, the focus should be on strengthening hemorrhage surveillance, CRRT may be performed if necessary to improve the condition and reduce the risk of bleeding.
A scoping review of the impacts of forest dynamics on acari-borne diseases: beyond forest fragmentation
Authors: Blache Nolwenn , Chalvet-Monfray Karine , Déprés Christophe , Morand Serge 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Forest cover has undergone significant changes, which have accelerated over recent decades. Acari vectors such as ticks and chigger mites are intricately linked to forest ecosystems because of the suitable hosts and microclimates they provide. However, the implications of forest cover change and dynamics on acari vectors and their pathogens remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the impacts of forest dynamics on the risk of acari-borne diseases worldwide through a comprehensive review of the literature.
Methods:
We conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA Method to retrieve citations related to forest dynamics and acari-borne diseases. Eligibility criteria were predefined and relevant data were extracted from selected articles. The analysis employed a descriptive approach and thematic narrative synthesis.
Results:
Our review reveals that the influence of forest dynamics on acari-borne diseases and related vectors was predominantly discussed within a Western context, particularly with regard to Ixodes ticks and Lyme disease. Four types of forest dynamics have been identified in the literature: deforestation, fragmentation, conversion and reforestation. However, there was no consensus on the impacts of those dynamics on the vectors and their associated pathogens. Studies have reported conflicting findings including: protective or risk effects, nonlinear relationships, dependent effects influenced by additional factors altering relationships or nonsignificant effects. Those outcomes had been reported across different forest dynamics and various locations. Although, there is limited empirical evidence on tropical contexts as well as for reforestation and conversion dynamics, making it difficult to draw conclusions regarding pathogen and vector trends. Differences in results trends emerge when comparing the entire article sample (n = 111) to empirical studies (n = 73), with literature reviews often overestimating the dilution effect observed in empirical research. Finally, our review identifies a notable absence of studies on scrub typhus disease in the context of forest dynamics.
Conclusions:
This scoping review offers a novel and comprehensive overview of global literature on the impacts of forest dynamics on acari vectors and the infectious agents they transmit. It highlights research gaps and the need for future research targeting specific forest dynamics, particularly chigger mite vectors in a tropical context.
Differences in characteristics and outcomes of older patients hospitalized for COVID-19 after introduction of vaccination.
Authors: Smits Rosalinde , Raaij Bas F.M. van , Trompet Stella , Linden Caroline M.J. van der , Bol Jessica M. van der , Jansen Steffy W.M. , Polinder-Bos Harmke A. , Willems Hanna C. , de Glind Esther M.M. van , Minnema Julia , Tap Lisanne , Mooijaart Simon P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate characteristics and outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated older patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Methods: A retrospective multicentre cohort study among patients aged ≥70 years hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Results: 263 vaccinated and 82 unvaccinated patients were included. Vaccinated patients were older (median age 79 vs. 76 years; p<0.001), had more comorbidities (median Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) 2 vs. 1; p0.016) and were frailer (Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) ≥4 68% vs. 49%; p0.015). Vaccinated patients were admitted earlier after symptom onset (median 5 days vs. 7 days) but were equally ill at time of hospital admission. After correction for frailty, comorbidity and disease severity, risk of in-hospital mortality was three times lower for vaccinated patients (HR 0.30 95% CI 0.16-0.56; p<0.001) compared to unvaccinated patients.
Conclusion: Compared to older unvaccinated patients hospitalized for COVID-19, vaccinated patients were frailer, had more comorbidities but, independent of these factors, a three times lower risk for in-hospital mortality. These findings may trigger pro-active geriatric advance care planning, aimed toward early rehabilitation.
The potential impact of rising sea levels and subsidence on coastal flooding along the northern coast of Saint-Louis, Senegal.
Authors: CISSE Cheikh Omar Tidjani , Brempong Emmanuel K. , Almar Rafael , Angnuureng Bapentire Donatus , Sy Boubou Aldiouma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In today's context of rising sea levels and subsiding land topography, coastal flooding is a major concern for coastal areas, both nationally, regionally, and internationally. The main objective of the present study is to contribute to the understanding of the impact of subsidence and sea-level rise on coastal flooding in Saint-Louis, and in particular the Langue de Barbarie, by producing a vulnerability map of submerged surfaces. To this end, the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry technique is used to process a time series of Sentinel-1 images and estimate land subsidence in the Saint-Louis and Langue de Barbarie area. Interferometric SAR (InSAR) measurements are merged with RCP 2.6 sea-level rise scenarios to identify predicted flooded areas and provide a flood vulnerability map. At the Langue de Barbarie, topographic subsidence is estimated at between -6.4 and -0.4mm/year. In this study, we show that local land subsidence may increase vulnerability to flooding caused by sea-level rise based on 2100 projections. This may represent an increase in the flood zone in the study area. Based on the RCP 2.6 scenario and the subsidence rates obtained, a significant part of the St. Louis coastline and city would be subject to coastal and fluvial flooding for the years 2040 and 2100. For these dates, 29 to and 36 Km2 of the studied area would be occupied by water. Given this situation, research in Saint-Louis needs to focus on adaptation scenarios to coastal risks, to protect coastal communities and safeguard the city's historical heritage.