bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rat brain synaptosomes: In vitro neuroprotective effects of betaine against fluoride toxicity
Authors: Hacioglu Ceyhan , Kar Fatih , Kanbak Gungor 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Fluoride increases the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen derivatives, causing oxidative stress and cellular damage. Betaine, an antioxidant and an important methyl donor, has been reported to have potential protective effects on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of betaine treatment against cellular damage caused by fluoride exposure on rat synaptosomes.
Material and Methods: In the experimental period, 8 Wistar albino rats were decapitated and then their frontal cortices removed and divided into 4 equal cuts (total-32 cuts). Subsequently, an appropriate experimental procedure was applied to obtain the synaptosomal fractions. The determined doses of sodium fluoride (NaF) and betaine were administered in vitro at 37°C for 30 min. Synaptosomal glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitricoxide (NO) levels, and also catalase (CAT) and Ca+2/Mg+2 ATPase activities were measured spectrophotometrically.
Results: According to our results, NaF exposure caused a decrease in GSH levels, CAT and Ca+2/Mg+2 ATPase activities, and also an increase in MDA and NO levels, significantly. MDA levels, NO levels and CAT activities were closed to the control group depends on the betain doses. The best recovery in terms of synaptosomal GSH levels and Ca+2/Mg+2 ATPase activities was found at 0.5 mM betaine concentration (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Our results showed that betaine could be a potential neuroprotective therapeutic agent against synaptosomal fluoride toxicity.
Investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of medicinal plants grown in the eastern black sea region of Turkey
Authors: Ceylan Sule , Harsit Burhan , Saral Ozlem , Ozcan Mehmet , Sonmez Emine 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to screen various extracts of plant of Gentian (Gentiana pyrenaicaL.), Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.), Persimmon (Diospyros kaki), Raspberry (Rubus ideaus) to display potent antimikrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activity in vitro, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in order to find possible sources for future novel antioxidants in food and pharmaceutical formulations.
Material and Methods: The antioxidant properties of 12 different samples of medicinal and aromatic plants such as leaves, flowers and scapus were investigated by DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC assays. Totalphenolic, total flavonoid content and the antimicrobial properties of extracts from these plants were also determined. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated by microdilution method and agar diffusion method respectively.
Results: According to the determination of antioxidant results, dried leaves of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) (obtained from Trabzon) plant had the best antioxidant activity that was carried out in all analyzes (except the analysis of total polyphenol). In accordance with analysis of total polyphenol, activity of purple flower of Gentian (Gentiana pyrenaica L.) plant was measured at 31,303±0,274 mg GAE /g dry sample and thus this plant had the highest total phenolic content. Antimicrobial activity tests were carried out using disc diffusion methods with 12 microbial species and most of them displayed good-moderate antimicrobial activity.
Conclusion: Due to their antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant properties, the extracts some of these plants might be used as potential sources of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
Work-related fatigue and related factors among nurses working at the Adnan Menderes University Hospital
Authors: Ozvurmaz Safiye , Mandiracioglu Aliye 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Work-related fatigue is a common health problem among nurses. The objective of this study is to determine the level of fatigue among nurses working at the Adnan Menderes University Hospital in Turkey.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been carried out in Turkey in 2016. A total of 463 nurses from Adnan Menderes University Hospital in Aydin have agreed and completed the data collection form. They have provided information on sociodemographic characteristics, work place, number of shifts worked, work year and weekly working hours. The visual analogue scale was used to measure levels of energy and fatigue. Linear regression analysis was performed to highlight any significant changes.
Results: In total, 85.3% of the nurses who participated were females. 60.3% were single, 53.6% worked in intensive care units and 26.1% worked only in the day shift, 17.9% worked for more than 45h a week. According to univariate analyses, nurses who were over 40 years of age, married, worked in internal medicine and surgery clinics for over 15 years and constantly worked in the day shift for 40 h a week had lower energy scores and higher fatigue scores. According to the univariate analysis, all the personal and working characteristics are related fatigue and energy subscale scores. Linear regression analysis revealed that age was the only variable affecting energy scores.
Conclusion: It can be stated that factors affecting fatigue among nurses in our study group are associated with age and gender. Prevention and supporting programs may focus on firstly vulnerable nurses (female and older age group).
Evaluation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis in patients with a first episode of major depressive disorder
Authors: Karaaslan Ozgul , Hacımusalar Yunus , Bal Ceylan , Ercan Müjgan 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis as a new oxidative stress parameter in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
Material and Methods: Sixty-three patients with their first episode of untreated MDD, and 61 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum thiol/disulfide levels were measured in fasting blood samples. The data were compared between the two groups.
Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age, gender distribution, or body mass index. Plasma native and total thiol levels were lower in the MDD group compared to those in the controls (p=0.004, p=0.001). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of disulfide, the disulfide/native thiol, the disulfide/total thiol or the native thiol/total thiol ratio (p>0.05). No relationship was detected between these parameters.
Conclusion: As far as we know, this is the first study to evaluate changes in thiol/disulfide homeostasis in male and female patients with MDD. Our data show that thiol levels decrease during the first episode of untreated depression. Thiol/disulfide homeostasis may be useful as a biomarker for depression after long-term follow-up and treatment studies.
Potential Effects of EGFR Exon 21 L858R Mutations in Lung Cancer
Authors: Eker Ebru Derici , Arıcan Ali , Arpacı Rabia Bozdoğan , Nayır Erdinç , Ata Alper , Eras Nazan , Yıldırım Didem Derici , Akbaş Etem 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The mainly significant reason in the etiology of lung cancer is smoking, which is important in other environmental pollutants and genetic susceptibility. Lung cancer is separated two major groups as mainly non-small cell and small cell according to the growth rate, spread, timing of metastasis, response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) constitutes the highest rate with 50-80% in gene mutations which are prognostic value in lung cancer. Many studies have shown that EGFR is overexpressed in lung cancer. In our study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between EGFR gene exon 21 L858R mutations in lung cancer.
Material and Methods: Our sample consisted of a healthy group of 190 healthy volunteers with the same age and gender characteristics as the patient group of 178 patients who were diagnosed as lung cancer in the Mersin University Medical Faculty Oncology clinic. The DNAs were obtained according to the standard salt precipitation method. Mutation detection and genotyping analyzes were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyzes.
Results: Smoking was one of the other risk factors for lung cancer, 130 (68.33%) in the control group and 156 (87.5%) in the lung cancer group. 27 person of the lung cancer (15%) were female and 151 (85%) were male. In the control group, 92 people (48.33%) were in the wild genotype and 98 persons were in the mutant genotype (51.66%). In the lung cancer group 80 (45%) were wild-type and 98 (55%) were mutant genotypes. According to the histopathological types of lung cancer, EGFR-21 mutation heterozygous or homozygous carriers are proportionally compatible (p = 0.90).
Conclusion: According to our findings, the EGFR-21 mutation is not associated with histopathological types of lung cancer.
Can serum C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin levels associate with carpal tunnel syndrome?
Authors: Altun Yaşar , Tak Ali Zeynal Abidin 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether an increase occurs in serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
Material and Methods: Thirty-six patients who have CTS due to electrophysiological tests and 40 healthy individuals were included the study. Boston Questionnaire (BQ) was used to assess the functional and clinical status of the patients. Also, CRP and PCT levels were investigated. Correlations between such parameters (electrophysiological findings, BQ results, and clinical findings) were evaluated.
Results: CTS and control subjects had similar CRP levels, whereas there was significant elevation in PCT among CTS patients. Serum PCT activity did not correlate with subunits of BQ (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this small study showed significant PCT increases in patients with CTS. Further studies in this regard may help to clarify the diagnostic and or follow-up value of PCT in patients with CTS.
Could sP-Selectin and sICAM-1 be potential biomarkers in status epilepticus?
Authors: Atmaca Murat Mert , Telci Aysegul , Dirican Ahmet , Gurses Candan 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate whether soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) might be potential biomarkers that predict the course and prognosis of status epilepticus (SE).
Patients and Methods: Fourty-two adult patients with SE between February 2012 and December 2013 were included in the study. Clinical and demographic features of the patients were recorded and surviving patients were followed for 13.6 ± 4.6 months. Serum sICAM-1 and sP-selectin levels were measured during SE or within 24 hours of SE, and compared with 28 subjects in the control group.
Results: Levels of serum sP-selectin and sICAM-1 were higher in the SE group compared with the control group (P: 0.04 and P: 0.02, respectively). It was shown that higher levels of serum sICAM-1 correlated with poor outcomes (P: 0.017) and “ROC curve” analysis showed that levels higher than 457 ng/mL predicted poor outcomes with 71% sensitivity and 68% specificity. Levels of serum sP-selectin did not correlate with outcomes. Subgroup analyses revealed levels of serum sICAM-1 were significantly higher in the epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) group compared with the control group (P: 0.012) and levels of serum sP-selectin were not different between subgroups and controls. Levels of serum sP-selectin and sICAM-1 didn’t differ between subgroups of SE and different etiologies.
Conclusion: Higher levels of serum sICAM-1 may predict poor outcome in SE, as a result sICAM-1 may be used as a biomarker of the prognosis of SE in clinical practice. The production of sICAM-1 may increase particularly in EPC. However, no correlation was found between etiology of SE and serum level of sICAM-1, even in patients with EPC. Serum level of sP-Selectin is not an appropriate biomarker for the prognosis of SE. Serum levels of sICAM-1 and sP-selectin are not appropriate biomarkers of refractory SE.
The relationship between illness perception and quality of life in thyroid patients who received radioactive iodine-131 ablation treatment
Authors: Akyıldız Güzide , Elboğa Gülçin , Elboğa Umut , Şahin Ertan 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Most of the differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients recover totally after the primary treatment. Unlike most of the other cancer types, the patients do not go through a long, challenging and weary treatment process in thyroid cancers. Illness perception has been suggested to have a significant effect on quality of life on cancer patients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of illness perception on quality of life in thyroid cancer patients who had radioactive iodine-131 treatment after total thyroidectomy.
Methods: Totally one hundred patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients' age, educational level, marital status and disease characteristics including stage, treatment and follow-up period since diagnosis were reviewed. Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36), the illness Perception Questionnaire were used to assess the quality of life and illness perception, respectively.
Results: When we correlated the illness perception sub-scales and quality of life dimensions in our study, the most apparent negative correlation was seen between the immunity dimension of the disease sub-scale and quality of life subdimensions. There was also a negative and significant (p<0.05) correlation between the dimensions of ability to understand the disease and overall health.
Conclusion: The low ability of patients to understand the disease significantly affects the negative impact on the quality of life of the disease perception. The needs of patients monitored during the remission period should be determined and a multidisciplinary approach should be preferred when necessary.
Application of circular statistics to life science data
Authors: Demir Yıldırım , Bilgin Ömer Cevdet 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of the study was to explain circular statistics and hypothesis tests with life science data. The accuracy of the statistical method used in scientific research is related to the data structure and scale type. Therefore, scale types and data structures should be well defined. It is possible to frequently come across circular data in many different scientific fields such as medicine, biology and physics. These data are usually obtained by compass or clock. Compass; the flight direction of any animal that is released, the direction of the wind or the direction of current in the ocean, clock; the birth time of infants, the time of crisis, circadian rhythms or biological rhythms can be shown as examples. Apart from the clock, such data may also be obtained by a scale that expresses a time such as day, month and year.
Material and Methods: The data related to 179 normal deliveries that took place in Yüzüncü Yıl University Medical Faculty Hospital in 2008 were used. Circular data analysis was performed using the NCSS2007 statistical package program.
Results: The times of birth of infants show a uniform distribution. No significant difference at a significance level of 5% was found between the times of birth according to gender.
Conclusion: It has been stated that circular data cannot be analyzed by the analysis methods developed for linear data due to several reasons. If circular data are analyzed by linear statistical methods, inaccurate or nonsense results usually emerge. Therefore, it was emphasized that appropriate statistical methods should be used.
Do antiepileptic drugs have any effect on Neutrophil / Lymphocyte and Platelet / Lymphocyte Ratio?
Authors: Çağ İlhan , Altun Yaşar , Altunışık Erman 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the complete blood count values of 40 healthy individuals and 60 patients who are using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), specifically to evaluate neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and basophil-lymphocyte ratio (BLR). This study is important because it is the first study on hematological parameters such as NLR, MLO, PLO and BLO.
Material and Methods: In this study, hemogram and biochemical data of 17 patients who received carbamazepine (CBZ), 21 patients with valproic acid (VPA), 22 patients with levetiracetam (LEV) along with 40 healthy controls were gathered and compared. The differences between the groups were evaluated statistically.
Results: No difference was present between the groups in terms of age or gender (p> 0.05). NLR was 2.19±1.42 for patients using CBZ, 1.64±1.34 for VPA users, 2.18±0.73 for LEV users and 2.04±0.85 for control group (p> 0.05). NLR, MLR, PLR and BLR were not significantly different from the control group.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, no study has targeted the haematological effects of antiepileptics on NLR, MLR, PLR and BLR. This study was important because it is the first study the effect of various antiepileptics on the hematological parameters such as NLR, MLR, PLR, and BLR. We believe that our study will articulate new studies.
The novel translocation of t (1;21) in multiple myeloma with poor prognosis
Authors: Okay Müfide , Bozkurt Süreyya , Özgeyik Mehmet , Haznedaroğlu İbrahim Celalettin 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized as the neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells producing a monoclonal paraprotein. The aim of this paper is to report complex karyotype that leads to a fatal clinical course in a patient with MM.
Case: A 48-year-old male patient was diagnosed as MM free lambda. The karyotype of the patient was 46, XY, t(1;21) (p11;p11), del(3) (q25;q29), del(6) (q24;q26), t(11;14) (q13;q32), del(13) (q14;q21) in cytogenetic evaluation. Vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone were started. The creatinine levels increased after the second course of chemotherapy, the chemotherapy protocol was switched to bortezomib and dexamethasone. Patient was admitted to the emergency department with pneumonia after the second chemotherapy cycle. Despite using broad spectrum antibiotics and oxygen support, he died after the development of sepsis syndrome.
Conclusion: The anomaly of t (1;21) (p11;p11), that we detected in this case was detected in a case with MM for the first time and this anomaly has not been detected between these breaking points in any malignancies before. Although the prognostic impact of this unique anomaly may be unclear, further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of cytogenetic anomalies on prognosis of multiple myeloma.
Evaluation and treatment of the eosinophilic lung diseases in 7 patients
Authors: Uzar Tugce , Duyu Gozde , Dirican Ahmet , Gunaydin Selda , Topbasi Nazli , Bayiz Hulya , Özkaya Sevket 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Eosinophilic lung diseases (ELD) are a rare group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by the increase of the eosinophilic ratio in the airways and lung parenchyma. We aimed to present and discuss the clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of six patients with eosinophilic lung diseases.
Conclusion: Peripheral eosinophilia with pulmonary infiltrates is diagnostic clues of eosinophilic lung diseases. Systemic corticosteroids are provided rapid control not only in symptoms but also radiological and clinical improvement of ELD.
Decisive Factors Associated to Land Tenure and Plot Size in Sugarcane Fields in Mexico
Authors: Paz-Pérez Daniel Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Diversity in the sugarcane field is the result of the combination of social groups, historical processes and natural conditions, which vary in every region. Among the factors affecting agricultural production, land ownership represents the most valuable economic capital, along with other factors related to the social and cultural capital of the farmer; and women tend to have less access to this than men do. We attempted to diagnose the factors that affect land ownership in the sugarcane field in Tamaulipas, Mexico, taking a gender perspective. Data from a sample of 546 sugarcane suppliers from 6 municipalities in Tamaulipas were obtained, and the association between dichotomous variables was sought by applying statistical tests, such as Yule’s φ (phi) coefficient, tetrachoric correlations and Fisher’s test; a predictive model based on logistic regression was also constructed. The association between gender variables and land ownership, decision-making power, irrigation, sugarcane registration, other income, alternative crops, and area in hectares is evident. Women represent less than one-fifth of the total sugarcane suppliers in Tamaulipas, Mexico. They own agricultural land with available irrigation in a slightly higher proportion than men, but their plots are smaller, and they have less say in their cultivation. They lag behind in terms of being included in sugarcane registers and are less often involved in other productive activities to provide them with additional resources for subsistence; it is desirable that the government enforce gender equality and guarantee a legal framework so that women can have rent or possession and control of agricultural land, without size limitation.
Substituent Effects in Acetylated Phenyl Azopyrazole Photoswitches
Authors: Tovtik Radek , Marzin Dennis , Weigel Pia , Crespi Stefano , Simeth Nadja A 
Published: February 2025

Phenyl azopyrazole photoswitches proved to be valuable structural motifs for various applications ranging from materials science to medicine. Despite their potential, their structural diversity is still limited and a larger pool of substitution patterns remains to be systematically investigated. This is paramount as electronic effects play a crucial role in the behavior of photoswitches and a deeper understanding enables their straightforward development for specific applications.In this work, we synthesized novel N-acyl pyrazole-based photoswitches and conducted a comparative study with 33 phenyl azopyrazoles, comparing their photoswitching properties and the impact of electronic effects. Using UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopy, we discovered that simple acylation of the pyrazole moiety leads to increased quantum yields of isomerization, long Z–isomer lifetimes, good spectral separation, and high photostability.