bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment of Fong disease
Authors: Gecheva Nia A , Angelov Valentin , Kaneva Radka , Dikova Milka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nail-patella syndrome, also known as Fong disease, is an uncommon autosomal dominant disorder characterized by a distinctive set of features, including fingernail abnormalities, hypoplastic patellae, radial head dislocation, and iliac horns. This condition often leads to patellar subluxation or dislocation, resulting in knee instability and pain. While existing literature predominantly focuses on the clinical and radiological aspects of nail-patella syndrome-related knee manifestations, only a limited number of articles delve into a meticulous approach to the condition with a comprehensive strategy for diagnosis. We present an atypical case of Fong disease distinguished by unique genetic characteristics and subsequently subjected to a thorough clinical assessment and a meticulously planned operative treatment regimen.
The faecal microbiome of the Pacific banana slug, Ariolimax columbianus, displays seasonal variation
Authors: Boomer Sarah M , Baltzley Michael J , Dutton Bryan E , Smith Parker N 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The Pacific banana slug, Ariolimax columbianus, is the largest land mollusc in North America and occurs in forests ranging from northwestern California to Alaska. We explored the microbial community found within the faeces of 24 slugs from the Oregon Coast Range. Twenty-four slugs were collected in 2019, 12 in the spring and 12 in the fall. These two time points were selected to investigate the composition of microbial populations in wild-caught slugs, also in response to seasonal changes in available plants as food sources. Results from 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing indicate that the most prevalent phyla detected from A. columbianus were Proteobacteria (66%) and Bacteriodetes (16%), similar to previous observations from six other species/genera of terrestrial gastropods (Stylommatophora). The most abundant operational taxonomic units across all specimens were Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Flavobacterium sp. Significant seasonal variation was observed for several species of Flavobacteriales, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, with the majority showing higher abundance in fall. In contrast to Cornu aspersum (previously Helix aspersa, parapatric with A. columbianus) and Geomaculus maculosus, A. columbianus harbours very low levels of Buttiauxella (0.35%). These findings raise questions about the origin, specificity and selection of specific bacteria as components of the intestinal microbiome of terrestrial gastropods.
Isoform‐independent promotion of contractility and proliferation, and suppression of survival by with no lysine/K kinases in prostate stromal cells
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Huang Ru , Wang Ruixiao , Tamalunas Alexander , Waidelich Raphaela , Stief Christian G. , Hennenberg Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith no lysine/K kinases (WNKs) promote vasocontraction and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. In the prostate, smooth muscle contraction and growth may be critical for the development and medical treatment of voiding symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Here, we examined the effects of isoform‐specific WNK silencing and of the WNK inhibitor WNK463 on growth‐related functions and contraction in prostate stromal cells, and in human prostate tissues. Impacts of WNK silencing by transfection of cultured stromal cells with isoform‐specific siRNAs were qualitatively and quantitatively similar for each WNK isoform. Effects of silencing were largest on cell death (3–5 fold increase in annexin V‐positive/7‐AAD‐positive cells), on proliferation rate, Ki‐67 mRNA expression and actin organization (reduced around two‐thirds). Contraction in matrix contraction assays and viability were reduced to a lower degree (approximately half), but again to a similar extent for each WNK isoform. Effects of silencing were quantitatively and qualitatively reproduced by 10 μM WNK463, while 1 μM still induced cell death and breakdown in actin organization, without affecting proliferation or viability. Using 500 nM and 10 μM, WNK463 partly inhibited neurogenic and U46619‐induced contractions of human prostate tissues (around half), while inhibition of α1‐adrenergic contractions (around half) was limited to 10 μM. All four WNK isoforms suppress cell death and promote proliferation in prostate stromal cells. WNK‐driven contraction of stromal cells appears possible, even though to a limited extent. Outcomes of isoform‐specific WNK silencing can be fully reproduced by WNK463, including inhibition of smooth muscle contraction in human prostate tissues, but require high concentrations.
An Algorithm for Control of Excessive Perioperative Bleeding and Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty Patients Based on 4 Decades of Experience
Authors: Guyuron Bahman , Cakmakoglu Cagri , Avasarala Vardhan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Persistent intraoperative bleeding, excessive postoperative ecchymosis, epistaxis, and blood collection in the supratip area increase the complexity of rhinoplasty, causing suboptimal outcomes. The authors present an intraoperative bleeding management algorithm, developed by the senior author (B.G.) based on 43 years of experience, and assess its efficacy in achieving hemostatic control through 103 consecutive cases.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted on 103 consecutive patients who had undergone septorhinoplasty performed by a single surgeon. The authors reviewed patient demographics; coagulopathies; medications; diet; intraoperative use of tranexamic acid (TXA), deamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), and vitamin K; and postoperative complications.

Results:
Twenty-six patients (25.2%) did not receive intraoperative hemostatic agents. Twenty-six patients (25.2%) required TXA only, 3 patients (2.91%) were given DDAVP only, 1 patient (0.97%) received vitamin K only, and 46 patients (44.7%) required both TXA and DDAVP. One patient (0.97%) needed TXA, DDAVP, and vitamin K. Intraoperative bleeding was controlled in all patients. One patient with known factor 11 deficiency received both TXA and DDAVP intraoperatively but did not require fresh frozen plasma. Intraoperative bleeding was controlled by first administering 10 mg/kg of TXA intravenously, followed by DDAVP with a maximum dose of 0.3 µg if needed, and 10 mg of vitamin K if bleeding persisted. Patients with known type I or IIa von Willebrand disease received DDAVP preoperatively. No patient experienced postoperative epistaxis, thromboembolism, or other associated complications.

Conclusion:
The algorithm of TXA, DDAVP, and vitamin K is effective in controlling excessive intraoperative bleeding, postoperative ecchymosis, and epistaxis.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Changes in Electroencephalography signals in a juvenile female Fragile X Syndrome mouse model
Authors: Ahmed Asim , Rasheva Veronica , Bae MoonYoung , Murari Kartikeya , Cheng Ning 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading monogenic cause of Autism. Seizures, hyperactivity, and anxiety are common symptoms of FXS. No broadly effective support option currently exists for FXS, and drug development has suffered many failures in clinical trials based on promising preclinical findings. Thus, effective translational biomarkers of treatment outcomes are needed. Recently electroencephalography (EEG) has been proposed as a translational biomarker in FXS. Being X-linked, FXS is more prevalent in males than females, and there exist significant phenotype differences between males and females with FXS. Recent studies involving male FXS participants and rodent models have identified an increase in absolute gamma EEG power, while alpha power is found to be either decreased or unchanged. However, there is not enough research on female FXS patients or models. In addition, studying EEG activity in young FXS patients or rodent models is crucial for better understanding of the disorder’s effects on brain development.Therefore, we aim to compare EEG signal between wild-type (WT) andfmr1knockout (KO) female mice at the juvenile stage.MethodsFrontal-parietal differential EEG was recorded using a stand-alone Open-Source Electrophysiology Recording system for Rodents (OSERR). EEG activity was recorded in three different conditions: a) in the subject’s home cage and in the arenas for b) light and dark test and C) open field test. Absolute and relative EEG power as well as phase-amplitude coupling were computed for each condition.ResultsIn our study, we found absolute alpha, beta, and gamma EEG power is increased in femalefmr1 KOmice compared to WT controls at the juvenile age. Alongside, relative theta power is decreased in thefmr1 KOfemales. Furthermore, phase-amplitude coupling is increased in thefmr1 KOfemales.Discussion and ConclusionComparing to the reported changes in EEG signal in male FXS patients and models, our results indicated the presence of sex-based differences in EEG phenotypes at the juvenile stage. Collectively, these findings suggest that sex is an importance factor to consider in utilizing EEG as a translational biomarker in FXS.
Molecular insights into phosphoethanolamine cellulose formation and secretion
Authors: Verma Preeti , Ho Ruoya , Chambers Schuyler A. , Cegelski Lynette , Zimmer Jochen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhosphoethanolamine (pEtN) cellulose is a naturally occurring modified cellulose produced by several Enterobacteriaceae. The minimal components of theE. colicellulose synthase complex include the catalytically active BcsA enzyme, an associated periplasmic semicircle of hexameric BcsB, as well as the outer membrane (OM)-integrated BcsC subunit containing periplasmic tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR). Additional subunits include BcsG, a membrane-anchored periplasmic pEtN transferase associated with BcsA, and BcsZ, a conserved periplasmic cellulase of unknown biological function. While events underlying the synthesis and translocation of cellulose by BcsA are well described, little is known about its pEtN modification and translocation across the cell envelope. We show that the N-terminal cytosolic domain of BcsA positions three copies of BcsG near the nascent cellulose polymer. Further, the terminal subunit of the BcsB semicircle tethers the N-terminus of a single BcsC protein to establish a trans-envelope secretion system. BcsC’s TPR motifs bind a putative cello-oligosaccharide near the entrance to its OM pore. Additionally, we show that only the hydrolytic activity of BcsZ but not the subunit itself is necessary for cellulose secretion, suggesting a secretion mechanism based on enzymatic removal of mislocalized cellulose. Lastly, we introduce pEtN modification of cellulose in orthogonal cellulose biosynthetic systems by protein engineering.
Modelling Amoebic Brain Infection Caused byBalamuthia mandrillarisUsing a Human Cerebral Organoid
Authors: Tongkrajang Nongnat , Kobpornchai Phorntida , Dubey Pratima , Panadsako Nitirat , Chaisri Urai , Kulkeaw Kasem 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe lack of disease models adequately resembling human tissue has hindered our understanding of amoebic brain infection. Three-dimensional structured organoids provide a microenvironment similar to human tissue. This study demonstrates the use of cerebral organoids to model a rare brain infection caused by the highly lethal amoebaBalamuthia mandrillaris. Cerebral organoids were generated from human pluripotent stem cells and infected with clinically isolatedB. mandrillaristrophozoites. Histological examination showed amoebic invasion and neuron damage following coculture with the trophozoites. The transcript profile suggested an alteration in neuron growth and a proinflammatory response. The release of intracellular proteins specific to neuronal bodies and astrocytes was detected at higher levels postinfection. The amoebicidal effect of the repurposed drug nitroxoline was examined using the human cerebral organoids. Overall, the use of human cerebral organoids helped unravel the host response, identify biomarkers for brain injury, and in the testing of a potential amoebicidal drug in a context similar to the human brain.Author summaryBrain inflammation caused by a free-living amoebaBalamuthia mandrillarisis really rare but life-threatening infectious disease. Given its rarity and difficulty to obtain a clinical isolate for further study, this disease has been neglected despite high mortality rate. Many gaps in our understanding of the disease remain opened. Emergence of the organoid platform allows modelling human diseases in anin vitrosetting, leading to identification of potential molecular pathway as drug targets. Thus, this work attempts to deploy a human brain organoid to reveal such pathways, which are altered by the amoeba. A strain ofB. mandrillariswas isolated from human biopsied brain. In the co-culture between brain organoid and amoeba, data suggested an alteration in neuron growth and increase of proinflammatory response. Brain organoid release brain trauma biomarkers. Importantly, we show therapeutic effect of the antibiotic nitroxoline using the human cerebral organoids. Thereby, the use of the human cerebral organoids unravels the host response, identify potential biomarkers, and provide an alternative way for testing a potential drug targeting the amoeba.
Pre-endoscopic screening of precancerous lesions in gastric cancer using deep learning
Authors: Wang Lan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Peng , Wu Bowen , Du Shiyu , Tang Kaiqiang , Li Shao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveGiven the high cost of endoscopy in gastric cancer (GC) screening, there is an urgent need to explore cost-effective methods for the large-scale prediction of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC). We aim to construct a hierarchical artificial intelligence-based multimodal non-invasive method for pre-endoscopic risk screening, to provide tailored recommendations for endoscopy.DesignFrom December 2022 to December 2023, a large-scale screening study was conducted in Fujian, China. Based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, we simultaneously collected tongue images and inquiry information from 1034 participants, considering the potential of these data for PLGC screening. Then, we introduced inquiry information for the first time, forming a multimodality artificial intelligence model to integrate tongue images and inquiry information for pre-endoscopic screening. Moreover, we validated this approach in another independent external validation cohort, comprising 143 participants from the China-Japan Friendship Hospital.ResultsA multimodality artificial intelligence-assisted pre-endoscopic screening model based on tongue images and inquiry information (AITonguequiry) was constructed, adopting a hierarchical prediction strategy, achieving tailored endoscopic recommendations. Validation analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) values of AITonguequiry were 0.74 for PLGC (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71 to 0.76, p < 0.05) and 0.82 for high-risk PLGC (95% CI 0.82 to 0.83, p < 0.05), which were significantly and robustly better than those of the independent use of either tongue images or inquiry information alone, and also demonstrated superior performance compared to existing screening methodologies. In the independent external verification, the AUC values were 0.69 for PLGC and 0.76 for high-risk PLGC.ConclusionOur AITonguequiry artificial intelligence model, for the first time, incorporates inquiry information and tongue images, leading to a higher precision and finer-grained pre-endoscopic screening of PLGC. This enhances patient screening efficiency and alleviates patient burden.
Evolutionary game analysis of collaborative application of BIM platform from the perspective of value co-creation
Authors: An Xiaowei , Ren Sicheng , Wang Lunyan , Huang Yehui 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the support for multi-party collaboration in project construction provided by building information modeling (BIM). Based on the perspective of value co-creation, the research results can provide support for the collaborative application and contract design of BIM platform.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, an evolutionary game model involving the owner, designer and constructor is constructed by using prospect theory and evolutionary game theory. Through simulation analysis, the evolution law of the strategy choice of each party in the collaborative application of BIM platform is discussed and the key factors affecting the strategy choice of all parties are analyzed.FindingsThe results show that there is an ideal local equilibrium point with progressive stability in the evolutionary game between the three parties: “the construction party shares information, the designer receives the information and optimizes the project and the owner does not provide incentives”; in addition, the opportunistic behaviors of the design and construction parties, as well as the probability of such behaviors being detected and the subsequent punishment have a significant impact on the evolutionary outcome.Originality/valueThis method can provide support for the collaborative application and contract design of BIM platform.
Impact of the chips act on the GVC participation of China's electronics industry
Authors: Gu Shiwen , Cheong Inkyo 
Published: April 2024

PurposeIn this paper, we evaluated the impact of the US “Chip Act” on the participation of the Chinese electronics industry in the global value chain based on the dynamic CGE model. This is a meaningful attempt to use the GTAP-VA model to analyze the electronics industry in China.Design/methodology/approachWe employ a Dynamic GTAP-VA Model to quantitatively evaluate the economic repercussions of the “Chip Act” on the Chinese electronic industries' GVC participation from 2023 to 2040.FindingsThe findings depict a discernible contraction in China’s electronic sector by 2040, marked by a −2.95% change in output, a −3.50% alteration in exports and a 0.45% increment in imports. Concurrently, the U.S., EU and certain Asian economies exhibit expansions within the electronic sector, indicating a GVC realignment. The “Chip Act” implementation precipitates a significant divergence in GVC participation across different countries and industries, notably impacting the electronics sector.Research limitations/implicationsThrough a meticulous temporal analysis, this manuscript unveils the nuanced economic shifts within the GVC, substantially bridging the empirical void in existing literature. This narrative accentuates the profound implications of policy regulations on global trade dynamics, contributing to the discourse on international economic policy and industry evolution.Practical implicationsWe evaluated the impact of the US “Chip Act” on the participation of the Chinese electronics industry in the global value chain based on the dynamic CGE model. This is a meaningful attempt to use the GTAP-VA model to analyze the electronics industry in China.Social implicationsThe interaction between policy regulations and global value chain (GVC) dynamics is pivotal in understanding the contemporary global trade framework, especially within technology-driven sectors. The US “Chips Act” represents a significant regulatory milestone with potential ramifications on the Chinese electronic industries' engagement in the GVC.Originality/valueThe significance of this paper is that it quantifies for the first time the impact of the US Chip Act on the GVC participation index of East Asian countries in the context of US-China decoupling. With careful consideration of strategic aspects, this paper substantially fills the empirical gap in the existing literature by presenting subtle economic changes within GVCs, highlighting the profound implications of policy regulation on global trade dynamics.
Antibiotics for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in children with neurodisability: Systematic review
Authors: Marpole Rachael M. , Bowen Asha C. , Langdon Katherine , Wilson Andrew C. , Gibson Noula 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimDetermine the optimal antibiotic choice for lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children with neurodisability.MethodsEmbase, Ovid Emcare and MEDLINE were searched for studies from inception to January 2023. All studies, except case reports, focusing on the antibiotic treatment of LRTI in children, with neurodisabilities were included. Outcomes included length of stay, intensive care admission and mortality.ResultsNine studies met the inclusion criteria (5115 patients). All the studies were of low quality. The shortest length of stay was with anaerobic and gram‐positive cover. Five studies used anaerobic, gram‐positive and gram‐negative cover (e.g., amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid), which was frequently adequate. In one large study, it was better than gram‐positive and gram‐negative cover alone (e.g. ceftriaxone). Those unresponsive or more unwell at presentation improved faster on Pseudomonas aeruginosa cover (e.g., piperacillin‐tazobactam).ConclusionIn this context, anaerobic, gram‐positive and gram‐negative cover is just as effective as P. aeruginosa cover, supporting empiric treatment with amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid. If there is a failure to improve, broadening to include P. aeruginosa could be considered. This is consistent with a consensus statement on the treatment of LRTI in children with neurodisability. An accepted definition for what constitutes LRTI in this cohort is required before designing prospective randomised trials.
Intracorporeal anastomosis could be associated with a higher lymph node yield in right colon cancer surgery: Results of the ICA‐LATAM study, a retrospective, multicentre, comparative analysis in Latin America
Authors: Patrón Uriburu Juan C. , Araujo Sergio , Mario Abedrapo , Billy Jimenez , Méndez Ramón , Rossi Gustavo , Rotholtz Nicolás , Luis Romagnolo , Avellaneda Nicolas , Melani Armando 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to compare lymph node (LN) yield in patients operated on for right colon cancer (RCC) using a laparoscopic approach between those receiving an intracorporeal (ICA) or extracorporeal anastomosis (ECA).MethodThis is a retrospective multicentre study involving patients operated on for RCC in nine tertiary referral centres in Latin America during a 2‐year period. The main comparative outcome between groups was the number of LNs harvested between groups.ResultsThe study included 416 patients, 261 (62.7%) in the ECA group and 155 (37.3%) in the ICA group. Patients in the ECA group were elderly (66 vs. 61 years, p < 0.001). Patients receiving an ICA achieved a significantly higher LN yield than those receiving an ECA (24 vs. 18, p < 0.001). This group also had a lower percentage of patients achieving a substandard LN yield (<12 LNs) (10% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.001) and more patients achieving a high number of harvested LNs (>32 LNs) (15.5% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.039). In the multivariate analysis, ICA was independently related to the primary outcome (LN yield) (OR 3.28, p = 0.027, 95% CI 1.14–9.38).ConclusionIn this retrospective study, patients operated on for RCC who received an ICA achieved a higher LN yield. Further studies are needed to reconfirm these findings, and also to find an explanation for these results.