bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary function abnormalities in long‐term survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Miller Robert W. , Fusner June E. , Fink Robert J. , Murphy Thomas M. , Getson Pamela R. , Vojtova Jara A. , Reaman Gregory H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPulmonary function testing (PFT) was performed on 29 long‐term survivors of childhood cancer. The patients, whose mean age was 11.7 years and whose mean age at diagnosis was 3.7 years, included 12 females and 17 males. Original diagnoses included 15 patients with leukemia and 14 individuals with solid tumors. Nine patients had received cyclophosphamide and 20 had received radiation therapy. Included in this latter group were five patients who had received radiation therapy to the thorax. Eight patients had acquired pneumonia during their treatment.Physical examination was normal in all the patients, and none had a history of acute or chronic pulmonary disease. PFT demonstrated an incidence of abnormalities in forced vital capacity (FVC) and/or total lung capacity (TLC) in 48% of the patients. Patients who were under 3 years of age at the time of diagnosis or who had received radiation to the thorax were more likely to demonstrate PFT abnormalities, but these differences did not reach statistical significance.The natural history of pulmonary function and subsequent respiratory disease in survivors of childhood cancer requires further definition.
Induction failures in childhood acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: Etoposide/5‐azacytidine for cases refractory to daunorubicin/cytarabine
Authors: Kalwinsky David K. , Dahl Gary V. , Mirro Joseph , Jackson Carl W. , Look A. Thomas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment with a combination of daunorubicin (45 mg/m2 IV, days 1–3) and cytarabine (100 mg/m2 continuous IV infusion, days 4–10) failed to induce complete remission in 31 of 87 children (36%) with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Six patients with monocytic or promyelocytic leukemia died before day 14 of therapy from complications of hyperleu‐kocytosis and coagulopathy; an additional 10 failed because of fatal infections associated with drug‐induced marrow hypoplasia, and the remaining 15 had residual leukemia despite receiving two courses of daunorubicin and cytarabine. Alternative therapy with eto‐poside (250 mg/m2 IV, days 1–3, 7–9) and 5‐azacytidine (300 mg/m2 IV, days 4, 5, 9, 10) induced complete remission in nine (60%) of the 15 patients with resistant leukemia. Among the six children who failed to respond to either regimen, three had cytochemical and immunophenotypic features indicative of acute mixed‐lineage leukemia, and one had monosomy 7 syndrome. Our findings suggest that the addition of etoposide and 5‐azacyti‐dine to a basic daunorubicin‐cytarabine regimen would increase remission induction rates in childhood ANLL. Careful determination of pretreatment characteristics, including blast cell immunophenotype and cytogenetic properties, are needed to identify unusual cases of ANLL that may require selective therapy.
Cytogenetic studies of long‐term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A follow‐up report
Authors: Rubin Charles M. , Robison Leslie L. , Nesbit Jr. Mark E. , , Arthur Diane C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious series including our earlier study of survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia have documented the presence of nonclonal chromosome abnormalities in peripheral blood lymphocytes. To investigate whether or not these abnormalities persist, we restudied nine patients, all of whom had received radiotherapy and a minimum of 3 years of systemic chemotherapy. Therapy had been discontinued a median of 3.9 years prior to study in our first report and a median of 7.2 years prior to study in this follow‐up report. Thirty metaphases from short‐term cultures of phytohemagglutinin‐stimulated peripheral blood from each of nine patients and nine matched controls were analyzed using G‐banding. Nonclonal chromosome abnormalities were present in cells from six of the nine patients and 3.0% of patients' cells overall, as compared to seven of ten patients and 3.5% of patients' cells in the earlier study. All patients studied twice had abnormalities on one or both occasions. No evidence for the development of cytogenetically abnormal clones was found. Combined data from the two evaluations indicate that 1) all of the patients have a small population of long‐lived lymphocytes with nonclonal chromosome abnormalities, 2) the frequency of these cells appears to remain remarkably constant over time, and 3) the proportion of cells with chromosome abnormalities is approximately threefold greater in patients than in controls. It has become apparent that survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia are at increased risk for development of second malignant neoplasms. The relationship between therapy‐induced chromosome damage and the development of second malignant neoplasms is currently unknown. We speculate that some cells, possibly in tissues other than peripheral blood, are preneoplastic by virtue of therapy‐induced chromosome rearrangements involving critical genes and, following a long latent period, may undergo subsequent genetic or cellular changes that result in malignant transformation. Unfortunately, however, estimation of genetic damage through cytogenetic studies of peripheral blood T‐lymphocytes does not appear to be a useful method for prediction of second malignant neoplasms following acute lymphoblastic leukemia, since most or all of the patients have a low level of abnormal cells.
Ara‐C syndrome during low‐dose continuous infusion therapy
Authors: Powell Bayard L. , Zekan Patricia J. , Muss Hyman B. , Richards Frederick , Lyerly E. Susan , Capizzi Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia developed one or more components of the “ara‐C syndrome” including fever, peritonitis, pericarditis, and a maculopapular rash during therapy with continuous infusions of low‐dose (20 mg/m2/d) cytosine arabinoside (ara‐C). These complications, described with standard and high doses of ara‐C, have not been previously noted with lowdose regimens.
Bone marrow transplantation for acute monocytic leukemia following the treatment of hodgkin's disease
Authors: Russell James A. , Houwen Berend , Ruether Bernard A. , Shin Kyu H. , Jones Allan R. , Bowen Tom , Poon Man‐Chiu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman developed acute monocytic leukemia within a year of treatment for Hodgkin's disease with chemotherapy and radiation. Residual leukemia was present in the bone marrow after two induction courses of high‐dose Ara‐C. She received a bone marrow transplant from an HLA‐ and DR‐identical sister and remains in complete remission more than 2 years after transplantation. Only one other instance of a remission greater than 2 years after transplantation for secondary acute leukemia could be found in the literature. Although bone marrow transplantation may be carried out successfully in these patients, it is possible that they may be more vulnerable to transplant‐related complications because of their previous exposure to chemotherapy and radiation. Only further study can clarify this matter and determine the best time for the procedure and which regimen should be used.
Resistant and relapsing neuroblastoma: Improved response rate with a new multiagent regimen (OC‐HDP) including high‐dose cisplatinum
Authors: Dini Giorgio , Lanino Edoardo , Rogers David , Garaventa Alberto , Perin Giarmpiero , Stura Mauro , Dallorso Sandro , Cornaglia‐Ferraris Paolo , De Bernardi Bruno 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom September 1984 to July 1985, 11 children from 6 months to 6 years of age were treated with a three‐drug regimen (OC‐HDP), including vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatinum 200 mg/m2 given as five dose‐fractions over 5 days. Nine had resistant and two relapsed neuroblastoma. Nine children had previously been treated with cisplatinum at conventional doses; nine had not received cyclophosphamide and ten had not received vincristine.Nine of eleven patients had a good response to treatment; six are presently alive in continuous complete remission 11‐23 months (median 13 months) after diagnosis.Toxicity was moderate: no child showed either severe myelotoxicity or clinical or laboratory evidence of nephrotoxicity. No child had clinically significant ototoxicity. In six children audiometry showed hearing loss for high frequencies after the third cycle of treatment. It is concluded that OC‐HDP regimen could be considered as a first‐line treatment for advanced neuroblastoma.
Massive acute hemolysis secondary to clostridium perfringens sepsis in a recently transfused oncology patient with multiple alloantibodies
Authors: Felix Carolyn A. , Davey Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSepsis with clostridia species is seen infrequently in oncology patients, and the massive acute intravascular hemolysis known to be associated with these organisms is rare. The urgency of making the diagnosis of clostridial sepsis is imperative since the course is rapidly fatal if untreated. We describe a patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, known to have recent transfusions as well as multiple red cell alloantibodies, who developed massive nonimmunologic hemolysis associated with Clostridium perfringens sepsis. Because the hemolysis of C. perfringens sepsis can mimic that of a severe delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction, care must be taken to differentiate these conditions, especially in view of the frequency of transfusion in these patients as well as their predisposition to develop disseminated infections.
Intensive chemotherapy including cisplatin with or without etoposide for children with soft‐tissue sarcomas
Authors: Crist William M. , Raney R. Beverly , Ragab Abdel , Heyn Ruth , Wharam Moody , Webber Bruce , Johnston Jean , Beltangady Mohan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐two children, 6 months to 17 years of age with newly diagnosed soft‐tissue sarcomas (gross residual or metastatic), were treated according to either of two pilot protocols that included intensive chemotherapy before irradiation. Vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin were used in various combinations with cisplatin alone (regimen 35) or with cisplatin plus etoposide (regimen 36) in a 20‐week induction treatment; irradiation (4,000 cGy) was delayed until week 6. Fourteen (82%) of the 17 patients on regimen 35 and 15 (60%) of the 25 on regimen 36 had a complete response. Although severe leukopenia was frequent in both groups (88% and 84% of patients), there were only two fatal infections and no early deaths. Other potentially serious toxicity included a >10% weight loss in 52% of the patients and hypomagnesemia in 74%. An average of 75‐100% of the prescribed drug doses were administered during the induction phase of therapy. We conclude that this intensified treatment is toxic but feasible to deliver. The higher overall response rate compared to that in the preceding Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (69% vs 53%) suggests improved therapeutic efficacy that warrants further evaluation of both regimens.
A randomized study comparing high‐dose methotrexate with moderate‐dose methotrexate as components of adjuvant chemotherapy in childhood nonmetastatic osteosarcoma: A report from the childrens cancer study group
Authors: Krailo M. , Ertel I. , Makley J. , Fryer C. J. H. , Baum E. , Weetman R. , Yunis E. , Barnes L. , Bleyer W. A. , Hammond G. Denman 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) has demonstrated significant activity against relapsed and metastatic osteosarcoma. However, there is little published data to indicate the appropriate dose for MTX when given as a component of a multidrug regimen for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Therefore, the investigators at the Childrens Cancer Study Group undertook a randomized clinical trial that compared Adriamycin and vincristine given with either highdose methotrexate or moderate‐dose methotrexate as postoperation chemotherapy in the treatment of childhood osteosarcoma. We report here the results for 166 patients with completely resected nonmetastatic disease of an extremity.The two therapies demonstrated equivalent disease‐free survival (DFS). Further, no therapy prejudices survival after relapse. Approximately 38% of patients remain disease free 4 years after diganosis. Two relapses occurred in patients free of disease at least 36 months after initiation of treatment. Some factors found by other investigators to be prognostic of poorer DFS, namely, male sex, primary tumor in the humerus or femur, and larger primary tumors, demonstrated similar though not statistically significant trends. The presence of spontaneous necrosis in the tumor sample from the definitive surgery was associated with poor prognosis for DFS. We postulate that this feature represents rapidly growing tumors with increased potential for metastases.
Solid tumors preceding or following sarcoidosis
Authors: Brincker Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight cases of sarcoidosis diagnosed after a preceding malignant solid tumor are presented. An analysis of these eight cases along with four previously reported cases was unable to answer the question whether in some cases the development of sarcoidosis may be triggered or modified by a preceding treatment of a malignant tumor. However, in the reverse situation—sarcoidosis preceding cancer—an analysis of 23 such cases from the literature suggests 1) that sarcoidosis preceding cancer appears to be of the chronic active variety and 2) that lung and breast cancer may occur more often than expected after sarcoidosis. Thus, it is conceivable that the immunologic abnormalities associated with sarcoidosis may somehow promote the development of certain malignant tumors.True sarcoidosis may be confused with local sarcoid reactions in cancer patients. One such case is reported in which the finding of a regional sarcoid reaction to a solitary lung metastasis from a uterine adenocarcinoma led to insufficient treatment in the belief that the patient had systemic sarcoidosis.
Update on basic research and clinical experience with metaiodobenzylguanidine
Authors: Beierwaltes William H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractI 131‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an aralkylguanidine with certain structural similarities to norepinephrine (NE). It is concentrated, stored, and released from chromaffin granules in a manner almost identical with that of NE. It will image the enlarged adrenal medullae of adrenal medullary hyperplasia when the CAT and NMR scans are normal. It is more sensitive in detecting extra‐adrenal pheochromocytomas than CAT and NMR imaging. Because 46% of our 176 patients with histopathologically proved “benign” pheochromocytomas (pheos) have developed demonstrable metastases, with or without elevated plasma and urinary catecholamines, we now image all patients with “benign” pheos yearly. As of January 22, 1986 we had treated 28 patients with malignant pheos 71 times with MIBG. As of July 24, 1986, we had given 34 neuroblastoma patients 55 tracer closes. In some cases MIBG demonstrates more neuroblastoma than all other imaging modalities and this is helpful in staging. We have had 30‐50% objective regressions in neuroblastoma tumor mass in 3 out of the first 12 patients treated. These three patients had slower‐growing tumors and a lower body burden than the nonresponders. We also record the sensitivity of MIBG imaging of neuroendocrine tumors other than pheos and neuroblastomas.
Treatment of neuroblastoma with 131I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine: Experience of the Münster/Kassel group
Authors: Fischer M. , Wehinger H. , Kraus C. , Ritter J. , Schröter W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractI‐131‐metaiodobenzylguanidine was used for treatment of neuroblastoma stage IV in three children after surgery and or chemotherapy had failed to be effective. In two of the children with multilocular lesions, after an impressive improvement of clinical symptoms tumor progression was observed. Because in about 25% of children with relapsing neuro‐blastoma complete remission may be achieved by combining surgery, chemotherapy, and I‐ 131‐MIBG treatment, this therapeutic modality should be included in the therapeutic strategy of stage III and IV neuroblastoma.
Treatment of neuroblastoma with metaiodobenzylguanidine: Results and side effects
Authors: Treuner Jörn , Klingebiel Thomas , Bruchelt Gernot , Feine Ullrich , Niethammer Dietrich 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween April 1984 and December 1985 we treated ten children suffering from neuroblastoma in a total of 25 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) courses. Five had had a relapse of neuroblastoma stage III or IV, three had never achieved a remission in spite of intensive chemotherapy, and two were treated with an unstable remission. The children were each administered from 1 to 5 courses with a dosage per course of between 1,295 and 9,065 MBq. The sum of the single doses during the whole course of therapy ranged between 3,145 and 21,904 MBq per child. Five of five children suffering from bone pain and fever became free of complaints during the first three treatment days. Six of eight children with manifest tumor at onset of therapy responded well to the treatment: response extended from transitory decrease in elevated catecholamine levels in serum and urine to complete disappearance of large abdominal tumor masses. We also observed a decrease in bone marrow involvement and a stabilization of osteolytic lesions. Seven of these eight children died in spite of a good response from 55 to 350 days after the first MIBG treatment course. The only side effect we witnessed was a reversible bone marrow depression. In three children we combined the MIBG therapy with bone marrow transplantation.
Liver mass in a four‐year old child: Current considerations for diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Applebaum Harry , Frost Daniel B. , Kagan A. Robert , Steckel Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case is presented of an embryonal sarcoma of the liver in a young child. The differential diagnosis of liver masses in children is reviewed, as well as the implications of diagnostic imaging studies for diagnosis, prognosis, staging, and the choice of treatment. The use of diagnostic imaging for guiding interventional diagnostic procedures and certain palliative approaches is also discussed.
Testicular tumor concomitant with von Recklinghausen's disease
Authors: Groot‐Loonen J. J. , Voûte P. A. , De Kraker J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder, associated with an excess of malignant tumors. The most common neurofibromatosis‐associated malignancies are derived from neurogenic tissues, although several malignancies that did not originate from neurogenic tissue are also described. This paper provides the first documentation of a patient with neurofibromatosis and a mixed germ cell tumor of the testis.
Clinical and pathological evolution of alpha chain disease to immunoblastic lymphoma and response to COMP chemotherapy
Authors: Rogers P. , Hill I. , Sinclair‐Smith C. , Bowie M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA small adolescent with alpha heavy chain disease presenting as malabsorption and evolving to immunoblastic lymphoma is reported. The pathological evolution is documented by serial endoscopy and small intestinal biopsy. Clinical and pathological remission was obtained by the use of COMP combination chemotherapy.
Increased antithrombin III concentration in children with acute lymphatic leukaemia receiving L‐asparaginase therapy
Authors: O'Meara Anne , Daly Martina , Hallinan F. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious reports have observed a fall in antithrombin III (AT III) concentration in patients receiving L‐asparaginase as part of acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) induction therapy. The aim of this study was to define any qualitative changes in AT III that might arise during the course of L‐asparaginase therapy and predispose to coagulopathy.Serial AT III profiles were studied in 12 patients with ALL receiving a course of L‐asparaginase for 21 consecutive days as part of induction therapy. AT III isoforms were examined by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels (IEF/PA) and immunoblotting, and no changes were observed throughout the study period. Contrary to expectation, AT III antigen was significantly increased on treatment, while AT III activity remained unchanged. Fibrinogen levels, in contrast, fell considerably by 1 week of therapy and had not reverted to pre‐treatment values 1 week after completion of asparaginase. No coagulation or bleeding disorders were observed during or after the study period.
Mitoxantrone in relapsed or refractory acute nonlymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Vredenburgh James J. , McLntyre O. Ross , Cornwell Gibbons G. , Ball Edward D. , Cornell Cornelius J. , Mills Letha E. , O'Donnell Joseph F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen patients with relapsed or refractory acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were treated with 14 mg/m2 of mitoxantrone given in a 30‐minute infusion daily for three days. If the day fourteen bone marrow showed residual leukemia, a second course was given at the same dose for two days. Eight patients (47%) entered complete remission. Three patients (17%) had a partial response, four (24%) did not respond, and two (12%) died with hypoplastic marrows during treatment. Seven of the 12 relapsed patients entered a complete remission, as did one of the five refractory patients. Toxicity was acceptable; prolonged myelosuppression, moderate hepatic toxicity, and stomatitis were the only problems. Several dose schedules of mitoxantrone have been studied by other investigators with varying results. The three‐day schedule in the present study is similar to the schedule used for common induction regimens employing anthracycline drugs. On the basis of its activity and acceptable toxicity in relapsed and refractory ANLL patients, we feel that this schedule could be safely combined with other agents in future studies.
Reversible encephalopathy and seizures as a result of conventional vincristine administration
Authors: Hurwitz Richard L. , Mahoney Donald H. , Armstrong Dawna L , Browder Timothy M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed seizures associated with bilateral lucencies on CT scan during standard induction therapy with vincristine and prednisone. Because of the progressive nature of her symptoms, a brain biopsy was performed and revealed neurotu‐bular dissociation, which, in experimental animal models, is characteristic of vincristine toxicity. All other causes of encephalopathy have been ruled out. The drug was withheld and the clinical symptoms and findings resolved. The occurrence of unusual and severe neurologic side effects during the course of conventional induction therapy for childhood ALL warrants careful evaluation for evidence of vincristine toxicity.
Long‐term survival of children with acute non‐lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Odom Lorrie F. , Morse Helvise , Tubergen David G. , Blake Marilyn 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults of a pilot protocol employing chemoimmunotherapy for treatment of 23 children with acute non‐lymphoblastic leukemia consecutively diagnosed between 1975 and 1979 are reported. Twenty‐two children achieved remission, ten of whom are surviving 6.5–9.5 years after completion of primary systemic therapy (median 7.8 years). Treatment consisted of intermittent courses of Daunomycin, Cytosine Arabinoside, 6‐Thioguanine, VP‐16, with or without Decadron.Connaught BCC applied between courses of chemotherapy for the first 8 months of treatment, and cranial irradiation/intrathecal Cytosine Arabinoside in early first remission. Five patients with leukemic cells in spinal fluid at diagnosis had myelomonoblastic or monoblastic subtypes and a median diagnostic white blood cell count (WBC) of 149,000/mm3compared with a median WBC of 12,000/mm3for the other 18 patients (P= .007).