bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benzannulated Bisgermylenes – Aggregation Behavior and Coordination Chemistry
Authors: Hahn F. Ekkehardt , Zabula Alexander V. , Pape Tania , Hepp Alexander 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe N‐heterocyclic benzannulated bisgermylene 3 with a 1,3‐(CH2)2C6H4 linker between the germylene moieties and sterically non‐demanding N‐CH2CH3 groups has been prepared. An X‐ray diffraction study shows intermolecular Ge···N interactions in the solid state. This interaction leads to a polymeric arrangement of the bisgermylene molecules in the crystal lattice. The bisgermylene 4 with a long and flexible –(CH2)5– linking unit between the germylene moieties reacts with [Mo(ndb)(CO)4] to yield complex [Mo(4)(CO)4] (5). The X‐ray analysis of 5 shows two rotamers co‐existing in a unit cell. Both conformers significantly differ from each other by the orientation of the coordinated germylene moieties to each other. Two conformers were also observed in the Raman spectrum of crystalline 5.
The Solid Solutions M19Q6X7 with M = Ag, Cu; Q = S, Se, Te and X = S, Se, Te
Authors: Nilges Tom 
Published: September 2008

AbstractX‐ray powder diffraction, EDX‐ and DSC measurements were performed in order to determine the structural and thermal properties of the solid solutions Ag19Te6Br7−xClx, Ag19Te6Br7−yIy, Ag19Te6−aSaBr7, Ag19Te6−bSebBr7 and Ag19−zCuzTe6Br7. Three different structure types, the Ag19Te6Br7, the Ag19Te5SeBr7 and the Ag19Te6Br5.4I1.6 type are realized, dependent on the type and grade of substitution. The Ag19Te6Br7 structure type is present for the solid solutions Ag19Te6Br7−xClx, Ag19Te6−aSaBr7 and Ag19−zCuzTe6Br7. For b ≥1 in case of Ag19Te6−bSebBr7 and for y ≥1.25 in Ag19Te6Br7−yIy the Ag19Te6Br7 structure type is replaced by the Ag19Te5SeBr7 and the Ag19Te6Br5.4I1.6 structure type. All compounds show peritectic decomposition to the binary compounds Ag23Te12Br and Ag5Te2Cl, respectively.
Monomere versus dimere Dialkylaluminiumalkinide R2Al‐C≡C‐R′ – dreifach koordinierte Aluminiumatome gebunden an C≡C‐Dreifachbindungen
Authors: Uhl Werner , Er Elif , Hübner Olaf , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: September 2008

AbstractMonomeric versus Dimeric Dialkylaluminum Alkynides R2Al‐C≡C‐R′ – Tricoordinated Aluminum Atoms Attached to C≡C Triple BondsAddition of lithium ethynides, Li‐C≡C‐R (R = C6H5, CMe3), to cooled solutions of the chloroalane Cl‐Al[CH(SiMe3)2]2 (1) afforded the corresponding dialkylaluminum alkynides. Caused by the effective steric shielding the products (2 and 3) are monomeric in solution and in the solid state. They possess coordinatively unsaturated, tricoordinated aluminum atoms attached to C≡C triple bonds and relatively short bonds between aluminum and the alkinyl carbon atoms (<191.4 pm). Owing to quantum‐chemical calculations an interaction between the empty p‐orbital at aluminum with the π‐system of the triple bond can clearly be excluded. The sterically less shielded di(tert‐butyl)aluminum chloride yielded the dimeric aluminumalkynide 4 upon treatment with lithium tert‐butylalkynide. Lithium‐trimethylsilylethynide, Li‐C≡C‐SiMe3, and 1 gave always the alanate Li[(Me3Si‐C≡C)2Al{CH(SiMe3)2}2] (5) independently of the stoichiometric ratio of the starting compounds.
Magnetic and Electronic Properties of RENiBi (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd–Tm, Lu) Compounds
Authors: Casper Frederick , Felser Claudia 
Published: September 2008

AbstractResistivity and magnetic measurements were used to examine the ternary rare earth compounds RENiBi (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd‐Tm, Lu). These compounds order antiferromagnetically with TN below 16 K (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd‐Tm) or are paramagnetic (LuNiBi). For some of these compounds a metal–insulator transition was found. The metal–insulator transition temperature depends strongly on the preparation conditions. Both the magnetic ground states and the resistance behavior are in good agreement with electronic band structure calculations.
Organometallic Compounds of the Lanthanides. 183 Lanthanide Benzyl Complexes of the Type [Li(tmeda)2][Ln(CHRSiMe2R′)3Cl] (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Er, Lu; R = Ph, 3,5‐Me2C6H3; R′ = Me,tBu, Ph) and [Li(tmeda)]2(μ‐Cl)3Ln(CHPhSiMe2tBu)2(Ln = Er, Lu)
Authors: Schumann Herbert , Freckmann Dominique M. M. , Dechert Sebastian 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPrCl3, NdCl3, SmCl3, ErCl3, and LuCl3react with three mole equivalents of [Li(tmeda)][CHPhSiMe3] (1), [Li(tmeda)][CHPhSiMe2tBu] (2), [Li(tmeda)][CHPhSiMe2Ph] (3), and [Li(tmeda)][CH(C6H3Me2‐3,5)SiMe2tBu] (4) forming theatecomplexes [Li(tmeda)2][Ln(CHPhSiMe3)3Cl] (Ln = Pr (5a), Nd (6a), Sm (7a)), [Li(tmeda)2][Ln(CHPhSiMe2tBu)3Cl] (Ln = Pr (5b), Nd (6b), Sm (7b)), [Li(tmeda)2][Pr(CHPhSiMe2Ph)3Cl] (5c), and [Li(tmeda)2][Ln(CH(C6H3Me2‐3,5)SiMe2tBu)3Cl] (Ln = Er (8d), Lu (9d)). {[Li(tmeda)]2[Nd(CHPhSiMe3)Cl4]}2(10) and {[Li(tmeda)][Nd(CHPhSiMe3)Cl3(THF)]}2(11) crystallize from concentrated ethereal solutions of6aafter addition of pentane.4reacts with two equivalents of ErCl3and LuCl3yielding [Li(tmeda)]2(μ‐Cl)3Ln(CHPhSiMe2tBu)2(Ln = Er (12), Lu (13)). Compounds7a,b,9d, and13have been characterized by1H and9dand13also by13C NMR spectroscopy, compounds6b,7a,8d,9d,10,11,12, and13by X‐ray structure analysis.
Reactions of Carbodiimides with ZnEt2 and MeZnCl
Authors: Schulz Stephan , Münch Marlene , Flörke Ulrich 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe reaction of ZnEt2 and i‐PrN=C=Ni‐Pr in toluene at elevated temperature yields the zinc amidinate complex [{EtC(Ni‐Pr)2}ZnEt]2 1. In contrast, the reaction of stronger Lewis acidic MeZnCl with t‐BuN=C=Nt‐Bu resulted in the formation of the Lewis acid‐base adduct Me(Cl)Zn‐N(t‐Bu)CNt‐Bu 2, which adopts a dimeric, Cl‐bridged structure in the solid state. 1 and 2 were characterized by elemental analyses, mass and multinuclear (1H, 13C{1H}) NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C), and single crystal X‐ray analysis.
Carbid‐verbrückte Komplexe [HB(pz)3(OC)2Mo≡C‐Pt(PPh3)2Br], [(TPP)Fe≡C‐M(CO)4‐M(CO)5] (M = Mn, Re), [(TPP)Fe=C=Cr(CO)5] und (TPP)Fe=C=Fe(CO)4] (pz = 3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl; TPP = Tetra‐phenylporphyrinat) aus Halogeno‐Carbin und ‐Carben‐Komplexen
Authors: Knauer Wolfgang , Beck Wolfgang 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCarbide Bridged Complexes [HB(pz)3(OC)2Mo≡C‐Pt(PPh3)2Br], [(TPP)Fe≡C‐M(CO)4‐M(CO)5] (M = Mn, Re), [(TPP)Fe=C=Cr(CO)5], (TPP)Fe=C=Fe(CO)4] (pz = 3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl; TPP = Tetraphenylporphyrinate) from Halogeno‐Carbyne and ‐Carbene ComplexesThe reaction of the bromocarbyne complex [HB(pz)3(OC)2Mo≡C‐Br] with [(Ph3P)2Pt(η2‐C2H4)] at room temperature affords the dimetallapropene $\rm [HB(pz)_{3}(OC)_{2}-M\overline{o=C(Br)-P}t(PPh_{3})_{2}]$ complex. At higher temperature the isomeric carbide bridged complex [HB(pz)3(OC)2Mo≡C‐Pt(PPh3)2Br] is formed. From the tetraphenylporphyrinato‐dichlorocarbene–iron complexes [(TPP)Fe=CCl2] with the carbonyl metallates Na[Re(CO)5], Na[Mn(CO)5], Na2[Cr(CO)5] and Na2[Fe(CO)4] the carbide bridged complexes [(TPP)Fe≡C‐M(CO)4‐M(CO)5] (M = Mn, Re), [(TPP)Fe=C=Cr(CO)5] and [(TPP)Fe=C=Fe(CO)4] have been obtained. Instead of TPP also tetrakis(p‐methoxyphenyl)porphyrinate and tetrakis(p‐cyanophenyl)porphyrinate have been used.
Structural and Catalytic Aspects of Dioxomolybdenum(VI) Complexes with ω‐Hydroxy Functionalized N‐Salicylidene Hydrazides
Authors: Debel Robert , Buchholz Axel , Plass Winfried 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe new cis‐dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes [MoO2(salhyhb)]2 (1), [MoO2(salhyhp)] (2), and [MoO2(salhyhh)(MeOH)] (3) with the hydrazone ligands H2salhyhb, Hsalhyhp, and H2salhyhh derived from salicylaldehyde and ω‐hydroxy carbonic acid hydrazides with different chain lengths, have been synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal structures of all three complexes reveal an octahedral environment for the molybdenum atoms with the same basic structural motif. In addition to the two oxo groups an [NO3] donor set is observed which is given by the tridentate Schiff‐base ligand and an oxygen atom of a coordinating alcohol. Depending on the side chain length different modes of association are observed. For complex 1 a dimeric structure is obtained, which is linked by coordination of the side chain hydroxy group at the molybdenum atom of the other monomer. The extension of the side chain by one methylene group in complex 2 leads to a polymeric structure, which is based on a similar intermolecular coordination of the side chain hydroxy group. The further increase of the side‐chain length in complex 3 results in the coordination of a methanol molecule at the molybdenum atom. For compounds 2 and 3 the additional hydrogen‐bonding network leads to the formation of layered structures in the solid state. The synthesized cis‐dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes were tested for their catalytic ability towards the oxidation of sulfides. Although no significant influence of the side chain lengths could be detected, these complexes are efficient catalysts for sulfoxidation.
A Rare Example of a Cationic Niobium Cluster Complex with Octahedral Core of Metal Atoms: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of [Nb6Cl12(C2H5CN)6][SbCl6]3·2C2H5CN
Authors: Flemming Anke , Köckerling Martin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTreatment of K4[Nb6Cl18] with antimony(V) chloride in propionitrile gives [Nb6Cl12(C2H5CN)6][SbCl6]3·2C2H5CN (1), which crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pccn (No. 56). The structure was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction: a = 21.1022(5), b = 22.7785(6), c = 15.4561(4) Å, Z = 4, R1(F)/wR2(F2) = 0.0435/0.0959. The compound contains isolated, molecular [Nb6Cl12(C2H5CN)6]3+ cluster cations with an octahedral core of metal atoms, edge bridged by chlorido ligands, and propionitrile ligands on all the six exo positions. The IR and FIR spectra of the compound are reported.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Properties of the Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes of 2‐{2‐[(pyridin‐2‐yl)aminomethylene]hydrazono}‐thiazolidin‐4‐one and the 3‐methyl Derivative
Authors: Castiñeiras Alfonso , García‐Santos Isabel , Saa Manuel 
Published: September 2008

AbstractReactions of N′‐(4‐oxothiazolidin‐2‐ylidene)picolinohydrazonamide (HAm4DHotaz, 1) and N′‐(3‐methyl‐4‐oxothiazolidin‐2‐ylidene)picolinohydrazonamide (Am4Motaz, 2) with K2[PdCl4] or K2[PtCl4] afforded good yields of the complexes [Pd(Am4DHotaz)Cl]·2H2O (3), [Pd(Am4DHotaz)Cl]·1/2DMF (3a), [Pt(Am4DHotaz)Cl]·3H2O (4), [Pd(Am4Motaz)Cl2]·0.5H2O (5), [Pt(Am4Motaz)Cl2]·5H2O (6), and [Pt(Am4Motaz)2]Cl2 (6a). The crystal structures of the ligands 1 and 2, and of two of the complexes, 3a and 6a, have been studied by X‐ray diffractometry. All of the new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and, when pertinent and allowed by the solubility of the compounds, by 195Pt NMR spectroscopy. In the square planar complexes of HAm4DHotaz, the ligand is bound to the metal atoms in an N,N,N‐terdentate deprotonated coordination mode, whereas in the dicationic complexes of Am4Motaz, the metal atom is four‐coordinated in a planar fashion by N,N atoms from two symmetry related ligands. Interesting intermolecular interactions were observed in the solid state in the ligands and complexes and these were based on hydrogen‐bonding. In particular, complex 3a formed a pseudo‐dimer, although the Pd–Pd distance between the two molecules is 3.360(1) Å, i.e. greater than the sum of van der Waal' radii.
Ethylene Addition to Group‐9 Transition Metal Dioxo Compounds – A Quantum Chemical Study
Authors: Haunschild Robin , Frenking Gernot 
Published: September 2008

AbstractQuantum chemical calculations employing density functional theory (B3LYP) have been carried out to elucidate the reaction pathways for ethylene addition to iridium [IrO2CH3CH2], rhodium [RhO2CH3CH2] and cobalt [CoO2CH3CH2] complexes. The comparison of the results shows that all three complexes prefer a [3+2] cycloaddition pathway rather than a [2+2] addition. For the iridium and rhodium species, the [3+2]C,O pathway where the transition metal‐carbon and transition metal‐oxygen double bonds are involved is favoured, whereas the cobalt compound prefers the [3+2]O,O addition where both transition metal‐oxygen double bonds are participating with concomitant hydrogen migration. For all three metal compounds, the reaction energies are highly exothermic and only small barriers are necessary to overcome.
MOFs by Transformation of 1D‐Coordination Polymers: From $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}BtzH]$ to the Homoleptic Rare Earth 3D‐Benzotriazolate Frameworks $^{3}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}]$, Ln = La, Ce
Authors: Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus , Mokaddem Yassin 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe solvent free reaction of rare earth elements with molten 1H‐benzotriazole gives 1‐dimensional coordination polymers of the formula $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}(L)]$. The ligand L therein is an additional neutral ligand and does not participate in the polymer linkage but saturates the coordination spheres of the lanthanide ions. L can be 1H‐benzotriazole (BtzH) and its thermal decomposition products (L = BtzH, Ph(NH2)2 (phenylene‐diamine), and NH3). $^{1}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}BtzH]$ transforms upon further heating into homoleptic 3‐dimensional networks of the formula $^{3}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}]$ under release of neutral donor molecules L. For Ln = La and Ce this was proven by a combination of single crystal X‐ray diffraction, powder diffraction, thermal and micro analysis. These are the first examples of transformations of 1D‐coordination polymers into 3D‐framework structures. La and Ce result in isotypic benzotriazolates. The 3D‐frameworks $^{3}_{\infty}\rm [Ln(Btz)_{3}]$ exhibit a cavity system with max. diameter of 15Å equalling 18 % free space and might therefore also be interesting as porous MOFs.
Electronic Structure and Physical Properties of Hf5Sb9 containing a Unique T Net of Sb Atoms
Authors: Xu Jianxiao , Kleinke Katja M. , Kleinke Holger 
Published: September 2008

AbstractHf5Sb9 was the first and thus far only example of an inorganic material that contains a pure T net, i.e. a planar layer of three‐bonded Sb atoms. It crystallizes in a super structure of the ZrSiS type, wherein the originally square layers are diluted and deformed to form said T net. Each Sb atom of this net, labeled Sb3, is connected to three symmetry equivalent Sb atoms at distances of about 3Å, reminiscent of molecular T examples such as BrF3. According to electronic structure calculations, these three Sb3–Sb3 interactions correspond to medium strong bonds. Hf5Sb9 is a high‐temperature antimonide that decomposes slowly under formation of HfSb2 at intermediate temperatures such as 750 °C, while it can be stored literally for years at room temperature. Like all other studied binary hafnium antimonides, Hf5Sb9 is metallic with a small Seebeck coefficient.
Cyclic Phosphazenes for the Surface Modification of Lanthanide Phosphate‐based Nanoparticles
Authors: Veldboer Katrin , Karatas Yunus , Vielhaber Torsten , Karst Uwe , Wiemhöfer Hans‐Dieter 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCyclic phosphazenes with positively charged substituents were investigated as surface modifiers for lanthanide phosphate nanoparticles. Cyclotriphosphazenes bearing aromatic (1, 2) and aliphatic (3‐6) substituents with terminal tertiary amino functions have been synthesized and subsequently quaternized by treatment with methyl iodide. In subsequent tests, their influence as surface modifiers for the lanthanide phosphate‐based nanoparticles was analysed with respect to the resulting particle solubility and the degree of surface interaction. While an interaction of the completely quaternized cyclic phosphazenes 2 and 4 with the nanoparticles leads to an agglomeration, stable nanocrystal‐linker complexes in methanol could be formed with the compounds 5 and 6. Aromatic functions were not suitable due to interference with the UV absorbance of the nanocrystals, while aliphatic side chains allowed a good fluorescence detection of the nanocrystals with UV excitation without any loss of intensity as compared to the untreated particles.
Alkylation of [N(SPPh2)(SPPh2)]−, [N(SePPh2)(SePPh2)]−, and [N(SPPh2)(SePPh2)]−
Authors: Sekar Perumal , Ibers James A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA facile synthesis is described in which the compounds N(SPPh2)(CH3SPPh2), N(SePPh2)(CH3SePPh2), N(SPPh2)(CH3SePPh2), N(SePPh2)(NCCH2SePPh2), and N(SPPh2)(NCCH2SePPh2) have been obtained in good yield by alkylation of [N(QPPh2)2]− (Q = S or Se) or [N(SPPh2)(SePPh2)]− with CH3I or ClCH2CN in CH3OH at room temperature. These compounds have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopic techniques. All five compounds have similar structures in which a CH3 or NCCH2 moiety is bonded to an S or preferentially an Se atom of an anion to form a neutral molecule.
Trifluoromethylphenyl Palladium(II) Complexes – Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Czauderna Christine , Wurziger Hanns , Sun Yu , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract4‐Bromotrifluoromethyl benzene efficiently undergoes oxidative addition to palladium(0) precursors to give phosphine stabilized bromo(4‐trifluoromethylphenyl)palladium(II) complexes in high yields. Exchange of the bromo and the phosphine ligands allows further derivatization of these compounds. The solid state structures of two palladium(II) complexes of the type (L‐L)Pd(Br)(C6H4CF3), with L‐L either performing cis or trans coordination could be elucidated.
Preparation of esters, hydrazides and amides of carboxymethyldimethyl long‐chain aliphatic ammonium chlorides
Authors: Mehltretter C. L. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA series of hydrazides and amides of carboxymethyldimethyl C12‐C18 aliphatic ammonium chlorides were prepared by reaction of the corresponding ethyl esters with hydrazine and alcoholic ammonia, respectively. The intermediate carbethoxymethyldimethyl derivatives were readily synthesized from commercial dimethyl tertiary amines and ethyl chloroacetate. The crude products were obtained in high yields and, after recrystallization, chemical analysis verified the expected structures.
Autoxidation products from cholesterol
Authors: Fioriti J. A. , Sims R. J. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThin‐layer chromatography and gas‐liquid chromatography were used to separate and identify products from the autoxidation of cholesterol. Both cholesterol‐a‐epoxide and 1,4‐cholestadien‐3‐one were found. In addition, several other compounds, identified also by previous workers, were shown to be present. Autoxidation in bulk was quite slow at 82C, requiring several weeks for development of detectable quantities of decomposition products. The reaction could be accelerated by irradiation with ultraviolet light or by heating the sterol above its melting point.
The influence of glyceride structure on the rate of autoxidation
Authors: Raghuveer K. G. , Hammond E. G. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe rate of autoxidation of mixtures of triunsaturated glycerides and tridecanoin was decreased by randomization with sodium methoxide. A theory, based on the hexagonal packing of glyceride acyl chains in the molten state, was proposed which accounted for the observed efforts on the rate of autoxidation. The theory suggests that the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids on the 2‐position of glycerol should stabilize a fat towards autoxidation. This was confirmed with experiments on natural fats.
High‐oleic safflower oil. Stability and chemical modification
Authors: Fuller G. , Diamond M. J. , Applewhite T. H. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractHigh‐oleic acid safflower oil has been shown to have high‐temperature oxidative stability comparable with that of hydrogenated vegetable oils. This stability, added to the ease of handling at low temperatures, should make the oil attractive as a commercial cooking oil. Epoxidation of the new safflower oil led to a product similar to epoxidized olive oil but lighter in color.
Salad oil manufacture and control
Authors: Weiss T. J. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCottonseed salad oil is normally prepared by winterization, a process whereby oil is chilled slowly to form crystals of disaturated triglycerides, which are then removed by filtration. Hydrogenated soybean oil is similarly processed. Unhydrogenated soybean, corn, and safflower oils do not require winterization. A recent approach is to winterize from solvent, resulting in increased salad oil yield. The main control method is the cold test, a measure of the time required for the oil to cloud in an ice bath. Crystal inhibitors, such as oxystearin or polyglycerol esters, are used to lengthen the cold test.
Hydrogenation and bleaching control procedures
Authors: Lantondress E. G. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA brief description of various hydrogenation‐control tests, including refractive index, congeal points, and Wiley melting‐points, will be followed by a discussion of how these analyses are used to control the production of hydrogenated oils to meet certain specifications. The purpose of various bleaching operations will be discussed, including the degree of color reduction necessary in various stages of bleaching to meet specific customer requirements of final color.
Retraction Transaminitis: An Inevitable but Benign Complication of Laparoscopic Fundoplication
Authors: Morris‐Stiff Gareth , Jones Rhidian , Mitchell Su , Barton Karen , Hassn Ahmed 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundTransient transaminitis has been identified following laparoscopic abdominal surgery. However, the importance of posture, duration of surgery, and mechanical retraction in its etiology remain unclear.MethodsLiver function was assessed preoperatively then at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h following laparoscopic surgery including the following procedures: Nissen fundoplication (LN: n = 10); cholecystectomy (LC: n = 10); inguinal herniorrhaphy (LH: n = 10); and gastrectomy (LG: n = 5).ResultsAspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in LN patients exhibited a rapid rise within 8 h, peaking at 48 h before returning toward baseline. In the LN group, AST levels were significantly higher at 8 h and 24 hours compared to all other groups and compared to LG at 48 h and 72 h. At 6‐week follow‐up all AST levels were normal. No significant differences were seen in other hepatic parameters, and no correlation between AST and duration of operation, gender, or age was identified.ConclusionsAntireflux surgery is associated with transaminitis related to hepatic retraction, which is independent of patient posture or duration of observation, and it resolves spontaneously with no clinical consequences.
A Pilot Study on the Role of T‐Tube in Typhoid Ileal Perforation in Children
Authors: Pandey Anand , Kumar V. , Gangopadhyay Ajay N. , Upadhyaya Vijai D. , Srivastava A. , Singh Ram B. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundIleostomy is usually performed for patients of typhoid intestinal perforation with poor general condition, but it is associated with significant morbidity. We have used the T‐tube in such patients as an alternative to ileostomy.MethodsThis is a prospective evaluation of a cohort of children with proven typhoid intestinal perforation. Patients with multiple perforations and poor general condition were managed with a T‐tube inserted into the bowel lumen after closing all distal perforations (group 3). They were compared with patients who had primary closure of perforation (group 1) or bowel resection (group 2) to determine the efficacy of the use of T‐tube.ResultsThe total number of patients for groups 1, 2, and 3 was 51, 4, and 12 (n = 67). The mean number of perforations for the three groups was 1, 3.5 ± 0.58, and 4.25 ± 0.97. The operation time for the three groups was 37.29 ± 3.24, 59.25 ± 3.09, and 59.17 ± 4.17 minutes, respectively. The T‐tube was removed after 13.17 days. The mean duration of fistula at T‐tube site to heal was 8.58 ± 2.11 days. The overall follow‐up period was 10.94 ± 1.15 months and none of the patients with T‐tube placement had features of intestinal obstruction.ConclusionsIn children with multiple typhoid intestinal perforations and poor general condition, the use of T‐tube may be an effective management option.