bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noxa inhibits oncogenesis through ZNF519 in gastric cancer and is suppressed by hsa-miR-200b-3p
Authors: Shi Jin , Ding Fan , Dai Dezhu , Song Xudong , Wu Xu , Yan Dongsheng , Han Xiao , Tao Guoquan , Dai Weijie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (Noxa/PMAIP1) assumes a pivotal role in numerous tumors, its clinical implications and underlying mechanisms of gastric cancer (GC) are yet enigmatic. In this investigation, our primary objective was to scrutinize the clinical relevance and potential mechanisms of Noxa in gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted on tissue microarrays comprising samples from a meticulously characterized cohort of 84 gastric cancer patients, accompanied by follow-up data, to assess the expression of Noxa. Additionally, Noxa expression levels in gastric cancer clinical samples and cell lines were measured through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The effect of Noxa expression on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier survival. Further insight into the role of Noxa in driving gastric cancer progression was gained through an array of experimental techniques, including cell viability assays (CCK8), plate cloning assays, transwell assays, scratch assays, and real-time cell analysis (RTCA). Potential upstream microRNAs (miRNAs) that might modulate Noxa were identified through rigorous bioinformatics analysis, substantiated by luciferase reporter assays and Western blot experiments. Additionally, we utilized RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, and Western blot to identify proteins binding to Noxa and potential downstream target. Finally, we utilized BALB/c nude mice to explore the role of Noxa in vivo. Our investigation unveiled a marked downregulation of Noxa expression in gastric cancer and underscored its significance as a pivotal prognostic factor influencing overall survival (OS). Noxa overexpression exerted a substantial inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Bioinformatic analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays unveiled the capacity of hsa-miR-200b-3p to interact with the 3′-UTR of Noxa mRNA, thereby orchestrating a downregulation of Noxa expression in vitro, consequently promoting tumor progression in GC. Our transcriptome analysis, coupled with mechanistic validation, elucidated a role for Noxa in modulating the expression of ZNF519 in the Mitophagy-animal pathway. The depletion of ZNF519 effectively reversed the oncogenic attributes induced by Noxa. Upregulation of Noxa expression suppressed the tumorigenesis of GC in vivo. The current investigation sheds light on the pivotal role of the hsa-miR-200b-3p/Noxa/ZNF519 axis in elucidating the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, offering a promising avenue for targeted therapeutic interventions in the management of this challenging malignancy.
Local effect of allopregnanolone in rat ovarian steroidogenesis, follicular and corpora lutea development
Authors: Cáceres Antonella Rosario Ramona , Cardone Daniela Alejandra , Sanhueza María de los Ángeles , Bosch Ignacio Manuel , Cuello-Carrión Fernando Darío , Rodriguez Graciela Beatriz , Scotti Leopoldina , Parborell Fernanda , Halperin Julia , Laconi Myriam Raquel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAllopregnanolone (ALLO) is a known neurosteroid and a progesterone metabolite synthesized in the ovary, CNS, PNS, adrenals and placenta. Its role in the neuroendocrine control of ovarian physiology has been studied, but its in situ ovarian effects are still largely unknown. The aims of this work were to characterize the effects of intrabursal ALLO administration on different ovarian parameters, and the probable mechanism of action. ALLO administration increased serum progesterone concentration and ovarian 3β-HSD2 while decreasing 20α-HSD mRNA expression. ALLO increased the number of atretic follicles and the number of positive TUNEL granulosa and theca cells, while decreasing positive PCNA immunostaining. On the other hand, there was an increase in corpora lutea diameter and PCNA immunostaining, whereas the count of TUNEL-positive luteal cells decreased. Ovarian angiogenesis and the immunohistochemical expression of GABAA receptor increased after ALLO treatment. To evaluate if the ovarian GABAA receptor was involved in these effects, we conducted a functional experiment with a specific antagonist, bicuculline. The administration of bicuculline restored the number of atretic follicles and the diameter of corpora lutea to normal values. These results show the actions of ALLO on the ovarian physiology of the female rat during the follicular phase, some of them through the GABAA receptor. Intrabursal ALLO administration alters several processes of the ovarian morpho-physiology of the female rat, related to fertility and oocyte quality.
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) dysregulates neurodevelopmental pathways in cerebral organoids
Authors: Egilmezer Ece , Hamilton Stuart T. , Foster Charles S. P. , Marschall Manfred , Rawlinson William D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading non-genetic aetiology of congenital malformation in developed countries, causing significant fetal neurological injury. This study investigated potential CMV pathogenetic mechanisms of fetal neural malformation using in vitro human cerebral organoids. Cerebral organoids were permissive to CMV replication, and infection dysregulated cellular pluripotency and differentiation pathways. Aberrant expression of dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRK), sonic hedgehog (SHH), pluripotency, neurodegeneration, axon guidance, hippo signalling and dopaminergic synapse pathways were observed in CMV-infected organoids using immunofluorescence and RNA-sequencing. Infection with CMV resulted in dysregulation of 236 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-related genes (p = 1.57E-05) and pathways. This notable observation suggests potential links between congenital CMV infection and ASD. Using DisGeNET databases, 103 diseases related to neural malformation or mental disorders were enriched in CMV-infected organoids. Cytomegalovirus infection-related dysregulation of key cerebral cellular pathways potentially provides important, modifiable pathogenetic mechanisms for congenital CMV-induced neural malformation and ASD.
Activating non-Hermitian skin modes by parity-time symmetry breaking
Authors: Lei Zhoutao , Lee Ching Hua , Li Linhu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractParity-time ($${{{{{{{\mathcal{PT}}}}}}}}$$PT) symmetry is a cornerstone of non-Hermitian physics as it ensures real energies for stable experimental realization of non-Hermitian phenomena. In this work, we propose$${{{{{{{\mathcal{PT}}}}}}}}$$PTsymmetry as a paradigm for designing rich families of higher-dimensional non-Hermitian states with unique bulk, surface, hinge or corner dynamics. Through systematically breaking or restoring$${{{{{{{\mathcal{PT}}}}}}}}$$PTsymmetry in different sectors of a system, we can selectively activate or manipulate the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) in both the bulk and topological boundary states. Some fascinating phenomena include the directional toggling of the NHSE, and the flow of boundary states without chiral or dynamical pumping, developed from selective boundary NHSE. Our results extend richly into 3D or higher, with more sophisticated interplay with selective bulk and boundary NHSE and charge-parity ($${{{{{{{\mathcal{CP}}}}}}}}$$CP) symmetry. Based on non-interacting lattices,$${{{{{{{\mathcal{PT}}}}}}}}$$PT-activated NHSEs can be observed in various optical, photonic, electric and quantum platforms that admit gain/loss and non-reciprocity.
Generative deep learning for the development of a type 1 diabetes simulator
Authors: Mujahid Omer , Contreras Ivan , Beneyto Aleix , Vehi Josep 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) simulators, crucial for advancing diabetes treatments, often fall short of capturing the entire complexity of the glucose-insulin system due to the imprecise approximation of the physiological models. This study introduces a simulation approach employing a conditional deep generative model. The aim is to overcome the limitations of existing T1D simulators by synthesizing virtual patients that more accurately represent the entire glucose-insulin system physiology.

Methods
Our methodology utilizes a sequence-to-sequence generative adversarial network to simulate virtual T1D patients causally. Causality is embedded in the model by introducing shifted input-output pairs during training, with a 90-min shift capturing the impact of input insulin and carbohydrates on blood glucose. To validate our approach, we train and evaluate the model using three distinct datasets, each consisting of 27, 12, and 10 T1D patients, respectively. In addition, we subject the trained model to further validation for closed-loop therapy, employing a state-of-the-art controller.

Results
The generated patients display statistical similarity to real patients when evaluated on the time-in-range results for each of the standard blood glucose ranges in T1D management along with means and variability outcomes. When tested for causality, authentic causal links are identified between the insulin, carbohydrates, and blood glucose levels of the virtual patients. The trained generative model demonstrates behaviours that are closer to reality compared to conventional T1D simulators when subjected to closed-loop insulin therapy using a state-of-the-art controller.

Conclusions
These results highlight our approach’s capability to accurately capture physiological dynamics and establish genuine causal relationships, holding promise for enhancing the development and evaluation of therapies in diabetes.
Differential effects of the stress peptides PACAP and CRF on sleep architecture in mice
Authors: Foilb Allison R. , Taylor-Yeremeeva Elisa M. , Fritsch Emma L. , Ravichandran Caitlin , Lezak Kimberly R. , Missig Galen , McCullough Kenneth M. , Carlezon William A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStress produces profound effects on behavior, including persistent alterations in sleep patterns. Here we examined the effects of two prototypical stress peptides, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), on sleep architecture and other translationally-relevant endpoints. Male and female mice were implanted with subcutaneous transmitters enabling continuous measurement of electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG), as well as body temperature and locomotor activity, without tethering that restricts free movement, body posture, or head orientation during sleep. At baseline, females spent more time awake (AW) and less time in slow wave sleep (SWS) than males. Mice then received intracerebral infusions of PACAP or CRF at doses producing equivalent increases in anxiety-like behavior. The effects of PACAP on sleep architecture were similar in both sexes and resembled those reported in male mice after chronic stress exposure. Compared to vehicle infusions, PACAP infusions decreased time in AW, increased time in SWS, and increased rapid eye movement sleep (REM) time and bouts on the day following treatment. In addition, PACAP effects on REM time remained detectable a week after treatment. PACAP infusions also reduced body temperature and locomotor activity. Under the same experimental conditions, CRF infusions had minimal effects on sleep architecture in either sex, causing only transient increases in SWS during the dark phase, with no effects on temperature or activity. These findings suggest that PACAP and CRF have fundamentally different effects on sleep-related metrics and provide new insights into the mechanisms by which stress disrupts sleep.
Implicit policy constraint for offline reinforcement learning
Authors: Peng Zhiyong , Liu Yadong , Han Changlin , Zhou Zongtan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOffline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn policies entirely from passively collected datasets, making it a data‐driven decision method. One of the main challenges in offline RL is the distribution shift problem, which causes the algorithm to visit out‐of‐distribution (OOD) samples. The distribution shift can be mitigated by constraining the divergence between the target policy and the behaviour policy. However, this method can overly constrain the target policy and impair the algorithm's performance, as it does not directly distinguish between in‐distribution and OOD samples. In addition, it is difficult to learn and represent multi‐modal behaviour policy when the datasets are collected by several different behaviour policies. To overcome these drawbacks, the authors address the distribution shift problem by implicit policy constraints with energy‐based models (EBMs) rather than explicitly modelling the behaviour policy. The EBM is powerful for representing complex multi‐modal distributions as well as the ability to distinguish in‐distribution samples and OODs. Experimental results show that their method significantly outperforms the explicit policy constraint method and other baselines. In addition, the learnt energy model can be used to indicate OOD visits and alert the possible failure.
Dynamic reconfigurable intelligent surface deployment for physical layer security enhancement in mmWave systems
Authors: Tu Qingqing , Dong Zheng , Zou Xianbing , Wei Ning , Li Ya , Xu Fei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn next‐generation wireless communications, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has emerged as a cost‐effective technique for enhancing physical layer security (PLS) in millimeter‐wave (mmWave) communications, especially under challenging scenarios with adversarial entities and obstructions. However, the primary studies for RIS incorporation in mmWave communication systems utilized static deployments, lacking adaptability and efficiency in complex environments. To address this problem, a dynamic RIS deployment design framework is introduced for PLS enhancement in mmWave systems against jamming and eavesdropping attacks. For the design, it is aimed to maximize the secrecy rate by jointly optimizing the RIS selection with the beamforming design. The resulting optimization problem is challenging to solve due to the coupling of the RIS control factor, joint beamforming design, and non‐convex constraints. To tackle these issues, an efficient multi‐RIS‐aided PLS enhancement algorithm is proposed. It transforms the objective into a series of subproblems and employs the fractional programming technique and prox‐linear block coordinate descent updating method to solve them alternatively and obtain the optimal solution. The simulations demonstrate the advantage of the dynamic deployment, which exhibits enhanced security performance with reduced complexity compared with benchmarks. Further examinations also provide insight into optimal RIS activation configurations, achieving optimal balance for securing mmWave communications against emerging threats while maintaining system efficiency.
Reactionless control of free‐floating space manipulators with parameter uncertainty and input disturbance
Authors: Gong Kai , Jia Yingmin , Jia Yuxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the control problem of free‐floating space manipulators, and a control scheme is proposed to solve reactionless control of the end‐effector pose tracking with parameter uncertainty and input disturbance. First, based on dual modeling to treat the end‐effector as a virtual base spacecraft, the dynamics with uncertainties are established which map the joints' torque to the end‐effector pose and base spacecraft attitude, while the inverse kinematics and the derivative of the generalized Jacobi matrix can be avoided in controller design. Then, the reference acceleration stabilization schemes satisfying prescribed performance constraints are carefully designed for tracking errors, and based on these schemes the steady‐state and transient performance of the tracking control can be guaranteed. Further, the radial basis function neural network is adopted to estimate modeling errors caused by parameter uncertainty and input disturbance. In addition, a concurrent learning method is introduced in the network weights matrix update law, which allows the estimation errors to converge a neighborhood of zeros without the need for satisfying the persistent excitation condition. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Influence of stator and rotor core material definition method on no‐load electromagnetic field calculation results for tubular hydrogenerator
Authors: Man Jia‐xin , Zhou Zhi‐ting , Fan Zhen‐nan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this letter, the effects of various material definition approaches for stator and rotor cores on the no‐load electromagnetic field calculations of a 34 MW tubular hydrogenerator are investigated, utilizing the transient motion electromagnetic field time‐step finite element (FE) method. The findings indicate that employing a linear simplified definition for the stator core material maintains high accuracy and rationality in the calculation results of the no‐load electromagnetic field and voltage waveform while offering substantially greater computational efficiency than the non‐linear definition method. Conversely, using a linear simplified definition for the magnetic pole core material of the rotor significantly increases the error margin in the results, rendering them unacceptable.
Driving an asynchronous motor powered by PV‐MPPT using equivalent RST controller of fractional order PI and IP, based on generalized predictive control
Authors: Nemouchi Besma , Rezgui Salah Eddine , Babqi Abdulrahman , Harrison Ambe , Benalla Hocine , Ali Enas , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article introduces a new model of a Reference Signal Tracking (RST) controller for the fractional order quantities. The controller is applied to an indirect field‐oriented control (IFOC) system used for the speed control of an asynchronous motor powered by a photovoltaic (PV) generator with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. This model utilizes two fractional order controllers: the fractional order proportional‐integral (FOPI) regulator and the fractional‐order integral‐proportional (FOIP) regulator. These controllers are used with the generalized predictive control (GPC) technique. The first step in the approach is to derive the equivalent digital RST controller's model from the FOPI and FOIP controller's transfer functions. The GPC technique converts the continuous‐time FOPI (and FOIP) controller into a discrete‐time version. This conversion ensures a fast response and effective disturbance rejection. Simulation tests are conducted to analyze the rotor speed and stator current ripples to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the introduced scheme in achieving improved control performance in terms of response speed and disturbance rejection. The article presents a modified RST controller model based on the fractional order approach applied to an IFOC system for motor speed control driven by a photovoltaic generator. Using FOPI, FOIP controllers, and GPC contributes to enhanced control performance, as evidenced by the simulation results.
Optimizing nanostructure deposition process for optical applications
Authors: Neilson Joshua , Granata Veronica , Durante Ofelia , Ausbeck Christopher , Bennett Timothy F. , Bobba Fabrizio , Cannavacciuolo Marco , Carapella Giovanni , Chiadini Francesco , DeSalvo Riccardo , De Simone Roberta , Giorgio Cinzia Di , Fittipaldi Rosalba , Fiumara Vincenzo , Larsen Brecken , LeBohec Tugdual , Linker Seth , Micco Alberto , Mondin Marina , Nayak Bhavna , Vecchione Antonio , Pinto Innocenzo M. , Pierro Vincenzo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn many physics and engineering applications requiring exceptional precision, the presence of highly reflective coatings with low thermal noise is of utmost significance. These applications include high‐resolution spectroscopy, optical atomic clocks, and investigations into fundamental physics such as gravitational wave detection. Enhancing sensitivity in these experiments relies on effectively reducing the thermal noise originating from the coatings. While ion beam sputtering (IBS) is typically employed for fabricating such coatings, electron beam evaporation can also be utilized and offers certain advantages over IBS, such as versatility and speed. However, a significant challenge in the fabrication process has been the limitations of the quartz crystal monitor used to measure the thickness of the deposited layers. This paper showcases how, through hardware and software upgrades, it becomes achievable to create high‐density coatings with layers as thin as a few angstroms by using electron beam evaporation (OAC75F coater) with a deposition rate of 1 Å/s and ion‐assisted source with a gas mixture of oxygen and argon, using a pressure of about 4 × 10−4 mbar. Furthermore, these upgrades enable the attainment of high levels of precision and uniformity in the thickness of the coatings.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy procedure volume trends, perioperative mortality, and malpractice claims: Population-based analysis
Authors: Nurminen Nelli , Järvinen Tommi , Robinson Eric , Zhou Nanruoyi , Salo Silja , Räsänen Jari , Kytö Ville , Ilonen Ilkka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD) is one of the most common diagnostic procedures done to examine the foregut, but it can also be used for therapeutic interventions. The main objectives of this study were to investigate trends in EGD utilization and mortality related to it in a national low-threshold healthcare system, assess perioperative safety, and identify and describe patient-reported malpractice claims from the national database.
Patients and methods We retrospectively identified patients from the Finnish Patient Care Registry who underwent diagnostic or procedural EGD between 2010 and 2018. In addition, patient-reported claims for malpractice were analyzed from the National Patient Insurance Center (PIC) database. Patient survival data were gathered collectively from the National Death Registry from Statistics Finland.
Results During the study period, 409,153 EGDs were performed in Finland for 298,082 patients, with an annual rate of 9.30 procedures per 1,000 inhabitants, with an annual increase of 2.6%. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 1.70% and 90-day mortality was 3.84%. For every 1,000 patients treated, 0.23 malpractice claims were filed.
Conclusions The annual rate of EGD increased by 2.6% during the study, while the rate of interventional procedures remained constant. Also, while the 30-day mortality rate declined over the study period, it is an unsuitable quality metric for EGDs in comprehensive centers because a patient’s underlying disease plays a larger role than the procedure in perioperative mortality. Finally, there were few malpractice claims, with self-evident causes prevailing.
Endovascular Repair of Zone 0 Ascending Aortic Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Halbert Sarah , Nagy Christian , Antevil Jared , Sarin Shawn , Trachiotis Gregory 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough open surgery is standard of care for ascending aortic pathology, endovascular approaches can be viable options. We report the case of a 77-year-old man with a 5.7-cm ascending aorta penetrating ulcer. Given his age and clinical profile, the patient underwent Zone 0 thoracic endovascular aortic repair.