bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus‐related cellular changes measured by cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy and chromatin texture
Authors: Scheurer Michael E. , Guillaud Martial , Tortolero‐Luna Guillermo , McAulay Calum , Follen Michele , Adler‐Storthz Karen 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackground:Image cytometry has provided two highly sensitive markers for the identification of the malignant potential of squamous lesions. Aneuploidy and chromatin texture have been investigated as quantitative measures of nuclear damage in premalignant lesions and carcinoma. Real‐time PCR methods have evolved to yield highly specific measurements of mRNA expression in very sparse cellular samples.Methods:Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 E7 mRNA expression was measured using quantitative RT‐PCR. DNA index and chromatin measures were taken from image cytology samples. The chromatin features, through discriminant analysis, were aggregated into a score, and both measurements were related to mRNA expression.Results:mRNA level and DNA index show an increasing trend over increasing histological grades. However, DNA index and chromatin score were not correlated to mRNA levels in these samples. Chromatin score differed by mRNA type found with HPV 18 infected samples having a higher score than those with HPV 16. Samples infected with HPV 16 and HPV 18 had even higher chromatin scores.Conclusions:DNA index and chromatin score were not directly correlated with mRNA levels. However both mRNA and DNA index were related to histological grade, and chromatin score was associated with HPV type. Therefore, DNA index and mRNA levels could be independent predictors of cervical dysplasia, and chromatin score could be related to the viral integration process in cells infected with HPV 18 or dual infections. © 2007 Clinical Cytometry Society
Assessing immunophenotyping performance: Proficiency‐validation for adopting improved flow cytometry methods
Authors: Hultin Lance E. , Menendez Frederick A. , Hultin Patricia M. , Jamieson Beth D. , O'Gorman Maurice R. G. , Borowski Luann , Matud Jose L. , Denny Thomas N. , Margolick Joseph B. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackground:The continuous improvement and evolution of immune cell phenotyping requires periodic upgrading of laboratory methods and technology. Flow cytometry laboratories that are participating in research protocols sponsored by the NIAID are required to perform “switch” studies to validate performance before methods for T‐cell subset analysis can be changed.Methods:Switch studies were conducted among the four flow cytometry laboratories of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), comparing a 2‐color, lyse‐wash method and a newer, 3‐color, lyse no‐wash method. Two of the laboratories twice failed to satisfy the criteria for acceptable differences from the previous method. Rather than repeating more switch studies, these laboratories were allowed to adopt the 3‐color, lyse no‐wash method. To evaluate the impact of the switch to the new method at these two sites, their results with the new method were evaluated within the context of all laboratories participating in the NIH‐NIAID‐Division of AIDS Immunology Quality Assurance (IQA) proficiency‐testing program.Results:Laboratory performance at these two sites substantially improved relative to the IQA standard test results. Variation across the four MACS sites and across replicate samples was also reduced.Conclusions:Although switch studies are the conventional method for assessing comparability of laboratory methods, two alternatives to the requirement of repeating failed switch studies should be considered: (1) test the new method and assess performance on the proficiency testing reference panel, and (2) prior to adoption of the new methods, use both the old and the new method on the reference panel samples and demonstrate that performance with the new method is better according to standard statistical procedures. These alternatives may help some laboratories' transition to a new and superior methodology more quickly than if they are required to attempt multiple, serial switch studies. © 2007 Clinical Cytometry Society
The unimolecular elimination kinetics of benzaldoxime in the gas phase
Authors: Julio Libia L. , Herize Armando , Tosta Maria , Dominguez Rosa M. , Lafont Jennifer , Chuchani Gabriel 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe kinetics of the gas‐phase elimination of benzaldoxime was determined in a static reaction system over the temperature and pressure range 350°C–400°C and 56–140 Torr, respectively. The products obtained were benzonitrile and water. The reaction was found to be homogeneous, unimolecular, and tend to obey a first‐order rate law. The observed rate coefficient is represented by the following Arrhenius equation:

equation image

According to kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, the reaction proceeds through a concerted, semi‐polar, four‐membered cyclic transition state type of mechanism. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 39: 145–147, 2007
Evidence for the receipt of DNA damage stimuli by PML nuclear domains
Authors: Varadaraj A , Dovey CL , Laredj L , Ferguson B , Alexander CE , Lubben N , Wyllie AH , Rich T 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPromyelocytic leukaemia nuclear domains (PML‐NDs) comprise a shell of PML protein and many labile cargo proteins. The nature of their cargo, their juxtaposition to foci of damaged DNA following ionizing radiation (IR), and the altered DNA damage responses in PML null cells all implicate PML‐NDs in the DNA damage response. In this work, the propensity of PML‐NDs to increase in number and decrease in size following IR has been studied. Serial quantitative studies of endogenous PML‐NDs prove that the PML‐ND response to IR is not the result of the asymmetry in cell cycle distribution that can follow IR, but reflects more directly the process of DNA damage. The response is swift, sensitive (evident after 1 Gy), and potentially reversible in untransformed fibroblasts. In these cells and in HCT116 colon cancer cells, failure to restore PML‐ND number within 24 h correlates with later loss of growth potential—in fibroblasts, through prolonged cell cycle arrest and in HCT116 cells, through apoptosis. Failure to express an intact ATM/CHK2 DNA damage signalling pathway in either cell type leads to a delay in the PML‐ND response to IR. Conversely, cell cycle progression following IR in cells that detect damaged DNA accelerates PML‐ND reorganization. Collectively, these data show that the increase in PML‐ND number seen after irradiation is, in part, triggered by the receipt of the DNA damage stimulus. The senescent cell state is also associated with chronic DNA damage and Hayflick‐limited fibroblasts were found to express nuclei with elevated numbers of PML‐NDs before IR that remained unresponsive to IR. Though the underlying reasons for damage‐induced PML alteration remain obscure, it is noteworthy that significant numbers of PML‐NDs juxtapose with ionizing radiation‐induced foci after IR. The co‐regulation of these structures may necessitate the stereotyped increases in PML‐ND number following damage. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HPLC‐photodiode array detection analysis of curcuminoids in Curcuma species indigenous to Indonesia
Authors: Bos Rein , Windono Tri , Woerdenbag Herman J. , Boersma Ykelien L. , Koulman Albert , Kayser Oliver 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAn optimized HPLC method with photodiode array detection was developed and applied to analyse the curcuminoids curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bis‐demethoxycurcumin in rhizomes of Curcuma mangga Val &. v. Zijp, C. heyneana Val. & v. Zijp, C. aeruginosa Roxb. and C. soloensis Val. (Zingiberaceae), indigenous to Indonesia. The method was validated with an isocratic system, a short run time of 10 min and a baseline separation. The curcuminoid content was 0.18–0.47% for C. mangga, 0.98–3.21% for C. heyneana, 0.02–0.03% for C. aeruginosa and 0.40% for C. soloensis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Native proteomic analysis of protein complexes in murine intestinal brush border membranes
Authors: Babušiak Marek , Man Petr , Petrak Jiri , Vyoral Daniel 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIntestinal epithelial cell protrusions referred as microvilli or brush border membranes (BBMs) are specialized in the digestion, uptake, and transport of nutrients, trace elements and vitamins from intestinal lumen into the circulation. Disorders of intestinal absorption are common in human pathology and include serious defects such as malabsorption. A detailed description of native digestive protein complexes in BBMs is therefore essential for understanding the physiology and pathology of digestion and absorption. In this study, we employed blue native PAGE (BN‐PAGE) technique to separate protein complexes from purified mouse intestinal BBMs. We found 23 distinct protein complexes, which were cut off from the gel, and their protein composition was determined by LC‐MS/MS. A total of 55 individual proteins were identified including peptidases, enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transporters, cytoskeletal proteins, chaperones, and regulatory enzymes. From the identified proteins, 50% represent molecules with at least one predicted transmembrane domain as predicted by SOSUI software. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt aimed to characterize the native membrane proteome of intestinal BBM. As demonstrated here, BN‐PAGE is a powerful tool for the separation of not only mitochondrial, but also membrane hydrophobic proteins in general. In addition, BN‐PAGE technique preserves metal–protein interactions, as shown by the presence of 65Zn in metalloprotein complexes, isolated from zinc‐radiolabeled BBMs.
Photogenerated glycan arrays identify immunogenic sugar moieties of Bacillus anthracis exosporium
Authors: Wang Denong , Carroll Gregory T. , Turro Nicholas J. , Koberstein Jeffrey T. , Kováč Pavol , Saksena Rina , Adamo Roberto , Herzenberg Leonore A. , Herzenberg Leonard A. , Steinman Lawrence 
Published: January 2007

AbstractUsing photogenerated glycan arrays, we characterized a large panel of synthetic carbohydrates for their antigenic reactivities with pathogen‐specific antibodies. We discovered that rabbit IgG antibodies elicited by Bacillus anthracis spores specifically recognize a tetrasaccharide chain that decorates the outermost surfaces of the B. anthracis exosporium. Since this sugar moiety is highly specific for the spores of B. anthracis, it appears to be a key biomarker for detection of B. anthracis spores and development of novel vaccines that target anthrax spores.
New mortalin and histidyl tRNA synthetase isoforms point out a pitfall in proteomic analysis of Egr1 genetically modified mice
Authors: Chardonnet Solenne , Decottignies Paulette , Amar Laurence , Le Caer Jean‐Pierre , Davis Sabrina , Laroche Serge , Le Maréchal Pierre 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEgr1 (Zif268) is an immediate early gene encoding an inducible transcription factor involved in synaptic plasticity and several forms of memory in rodents. Using 2‐DE and MS, we compared proteomes of hippocampal subregions and cortex in Egr1‐deficient and wild‐type littermates. Two significant differences were identified: a shift in the pI of the molecular chaperone mortalin (mtHsp70/PBP74/Grp75) and the apparent disappearance of histidyl tRNA synthetase (HisRS). We found that the pI shift for mortalin in Egr1‐deficient mice was caused by a difference in protein sequence: D626G. Using cDNA sequencing, we demonstrated for both mortalin and HisRS that protein differences were not due to a lack of Egr1 but to DNA polymorphism between the C57Bl/6J and 129/Sv strains used to generate the Egr1‐deficient mice. Our results show that mortalin and HisRS genes, which map closely to the Egr1 locus, have conserved the 129/Sv haplotype despite numerous back‐crossing of the null mice progeny with C57Bl/6J animals. This demonstrates that allelic differences between mouse strains can introduce variations in differential proteomic analyses of genetically modified organisms. Finally, we report the identification of new isoforms of HisRS and mortalin (mot‐3) encoded by the 129/Sv haplotype.
Korean 4‐ to 11‐year‐old student conceptions of heat and temperature
Authors: Paik Seoung‐Hey , Cho Boo‐Kyung , Go Young‐Mi 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to shed light on the conceptions that young students have of heat and temperature, concepts that are both important in school science curricula and closely related to daily life. The subjects of the study were students from a rural district in South Korea and they ranged in age from 4 to 11 years. Interviews were conducted with each student on the basis of questions on temperature, thermal insulation, and heat equilibrium. After calculating the frequency and percentage of student responses and analyzing the rationale for their answers, it was found that younger students tended to view temperature as “size” or a “summation of numbers.” This tendency gradually diminished in older students. Most students had alternative conceptions of thermal insulation regardless of age; however, reasoning differed according to age. Younger students displayed a greater tendency to view insulation as a material property, whereas older students showed a greater tendency toward rational heat and temperature conceptions. Most students did not have clear concepts of heat equilibrium regardless of age, but possessed numerous alternative conceptions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 284–302, 2007
The development of sampling techniques for populations of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Mukerji M. K. 
Published: January 2007

SummaryThe relationship of ‘mean crowding’ to mean density showed that counts of nymphs and adults of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Beauv.), on birdsfoot trefoil were aggregated and that the index of basic contagion approached zero for each developing stage. Aggregation increased gradually from the first to the fourth instar and then decreased through the adult stage. The mortality process from the first to the fifth instar was inversely density dependent.Inter‐sample variance was the major source of population variance although significant variance was occasionally associated with blocks and plots owing to heterogeneity of the host stand. The most appropriate sample unit was a 3 sq. ft. area of foliage and substrate. This was divided into four quarters; application of the variance component technique indicated that in most cases one quarter drawn at random was optimal for sampling different stages. The number of samples required to attain a given level of precision varied inversely with population density. The cost function for sampling was determined for specified levels of precision.
Spatial distribution of the green peach aphid used in estimating the populations of gynoparae
Authors: Tamaki George , McGuire J. U. , Onsager Jerome A. 
Published: January 2007

SummaryIn 2 years, during the initial invasion of peach leaves by the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), the number of gynoparae was low, and the distribution on leaves was random. Then as the mean number increased, the distribution became intermediate and could not be distinguished from either a Poisson or a negative binomial. Finally, as the mean continued to increase, the variance increased rapidly, and the population was found to fit a negative binomial distribution. Thus the aggregation response was verified because the dispersion pattern fitted a contagious distribution. A sampling plan was devised by which the dispersion parameter k was used to estimate the density of aphids per leaf based on the percentage of leaves infested. Sampling the third year of the study confirmed the validity of the sampling parameter that had been calculated from data for the 2 previous years.
Productivity modifications to flour beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) by gamma radiation (60Co) of one or both sexes and by the addition of radiated males or females to population
Authors: Erdman Howard E. 
Published: January 2007

SummaryThe effects on productivity by the addition of various numbers of radiated adult males or females to populations of two densities were determined for two species of flour beetles.Modifications in productivity after exposure to gamma radiation from60Co included:
females of T. confusum were sterilized by an exposure between 2620 to 5230 R.
females of T. castaneum were not sterilized by 10, 200 R.
males were not sterilized by 10, 200 R.
sterile females may serve as depositories for normal sperm thereby reducing the productivity. Addition of such females to populations of flour beetles did not reduce the numbers of progeny.
since sterile females did not suppress population development, and since they destroy grain and cereal products, they should be eliminated from control programs featuring the sterile insect release technique.
population density decreased the numbers of progeny.
The use of the sterile insect release technique to control insects of stored grain products does not seem likely with present day sanitary standards since large numbers of insects need be added to effect control.
An interpretation of aphid population development by statistical model
Authors: Shiyomi Masae 
Published: January 2007

SummaryShiyomi (1967a and b) proposed two models which describe the reproduction and the plant‐to‐plant movement of aphids. For the explanation of the whole process of development of population of aphids, the above two models were incorporated into a new model (called Model C). This model is superior in the following points to the negative binomial model:
Model C has 7 parameters and gives a fuller explanation compared with the negative binomial model which has 2 parameters.
Model C describes the structure of population at any stage of its development, while the negative binomial model describes that of a well developed stage of population.
Studies on the interference among larvae of the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrellastainton (lepidoptera: Phyllocnistidae)
Authors: Murai Minoru 
Published: January 2007

SummaryObservation of the citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrellaStainton suggested that contacts among larvae frequently occur and either of two larvae encountered is sometimes killed by the interference. A model to describe the competitive interactions in the process of interference was constracted with this species.The distribution of hatchling on an area was considered in the model. The model was based on that of encounters in randomly moving particles in two dimensions. First the time when first death occurs was calculated and n hatchlings were reduced to n−1. Further calculation was made to obtain the time that next death occurs. Such calculation was repeated until the number of larvae was reduced to 1 or the area of mine attained to the completed size. By the simulation based on the data observed on the citrus leaf miner, the numbers of survivors were calculated at different hatchling densities and on different leaves in size.Based on this simulation analysis it was suggested that the following characteristics observed in the present studies enable the maximul number of individuals to become adults.
When two hatchlings occur on a leaf, they tend to be separated by the midrib. This implies that female moths tend to reject to lay eggs on the area which has already contained the egg.
The larva sometimes avoids the contact immediately before it occurs.
The larval mortality caused by a contact is reduced with the larval growth. Since the frequency of contacts increases as the mine is enlarged, the change to high survival prevents the larva from high mortality caused by the increase of contacts.
The larval survival does not decrease in spite of the reduction of the area available for mining.
Population dynamics of Trigoniulus lumbricinus (gerst) (Diplopoda: Trigoniulidae)
Authors: Banerjee Barundeb 
Published: January 2007

SummaryThe number of the diplopod, Trigoniulus lumbricinus (Gerst) in the leaf litter varies between months. The annual population peak is reached during May to July after which the population declines. The seasonal population change is statistically correlated with the rainfall, but a causal relationship is difficult to establish: there is no indication that the population is regulated by any density related process either. It is speculated that a long term study of the population in different parts of its distribution range can only clarify the density relations.
Thermal analysis of palm stearine by DSC
Authors: Busfield W. Ken , Proschogo Peter N. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe chemical composition and thermal properties of palm stearine have been investigated. The sample consists of triglycerides containing mainly the fatty acid residues: palmitic (P) 51.4%; oleic (O) 32.7%; linoleic (L) 8.3% and stearic (S) 5.0%. The sample melts as almost two independent components in separate temperature ranges. DSC analysis and analogy with the work of Persmarket al. (1) indicate that the high melting component, consisting mainly of the triglycerides POP (33%), PPP (≈15%), POS (4%) and PPS (2%), crystallizes initially in an α crystal form which rearranges on tempering successively to β′ and β crystal forms. The constitution of the lower melting component is much more dependent on thermal history but is mainly POO (14% overall), PLP (13% overall) and SOO (1% overall). It crystallizes initially in a sub α form which rearranges to β′ when tempered at 0°C and to the β crystal form when tempered at 10°C. The liquid phase contains mainly PLO (8% overall), OOO (6% overall), PLL (4% overall) and LOO (1% overall).
Factors governing dynamical behaviour of insect populations: A theoretical inquiry
Authors: Kuno Eizi 
Published: January 2007

Summary
A difference‐equation model is presented which describes the growth of insect populations in relation to the underlying biological processes.
The parameters involved in the model are sex ratio (W), mate‐searching efficiency (a), fecundity (F), survival rates before and after larval competition (SI and SII), degree of aggregation in larval distribution (1/k), degree of asymmetry in larval competition (ρ), habitat's carrying capacity (K), and intensity of mutual interference among adults (h).
The model is capable of generating a wide variety of dynamical population behaviours according to the parameter conditions. The significance of individual parameters in determining patterns of those behaviours is explored on the basis of their effects on the three aspects of population pattern, i. e. minimum population size for survival, equilibrium population level, and intrinsic population stability in terms of the slope of reproduction curve at equilibrium.
The conditions that are effective in reducing minimum population size for survival are high FSISII (reproductive capacity), high a and even sex ratio.
The conditions that are effective in raising equilibrium population level are high K, high FSISII, high ρ, low 1/k and low h.
The conditions that increases intrinsic population stability are high ρ, high 1/k, high h and low FSI.
Implications of these theoretical results are discussed with reference to population characteristics of insects in nature.