bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA-seq-based comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the role of CsPrx73 in waterlogging-triggered adventitious root formation in cucumber
Authors: Pan Jiawei , Song Jia , Sohail Hamza , Sharif Rahat , Yan Wenjing , Hu Qiming , Qi Xiaohua , Yang Xiaodong , Xu Xuewen , Chen Xuehao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Abiotic stressors like waterlogging are detrimental to cucumber development and growth. However, comprehension of the highly complex molecular mechanism underlying waterlogging can provide an opportunity to enhance cucumber tolerance under waterlogging stress. We examined the hypocotyl and stage-specific transcriptomes of the waterlogging-tolerant YZ026A and the waterlogging-sensitive YZ106A, which had different adventitious rooting ability under waterlogging. YZ026A performed better under waterlogging stress by altering its antioxidative machinery and demonstrated a greater superoxide ion (O 2−) scavenging ability. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that a high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. By pairwise comparison and weighted gene co-expression network analysis analysis, 2616 DEGs were obtained which were categorized into 11 gene co-expression modules. Amongst the 11 modules, black was identified as the common module and yielded a novel key regulatory gene, CsPrx73. Transgenic cucumber plants overexpressing CsPrx73 enhance adventitious root (AR) formation under waterlogging conditions and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Silencing of CsPrx73 expression by virus-induced gene silencing adversely affects AR formation under the waterlogging condition. Our results also indicated that CsERF7-3, a waterlogging-responsive ERF transcription factor, can directly bind to the ATCTA-box motif in the CsPrx73 promoter to initiate its expression. Overexpression of CsERF7-3 enhanced CsPrx73 expression and AR formation. On the contrary, CsERF7-3-silenced plants decreased CsPrx73 expression and rooting ability. In conclusion , our study demonstrates a novel CsERF7-3–CsPrx73 module that allows cucumbers to adapt more efficiently to waterlogging stress by promoting AR production and ROS scavenging.
Chromosome-scale reference genome of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) provides insights into glucosinolate biosynthesis
Authors: Wu Qiuyun , Mao Shuxiang , Huang Huiping , Liu Juan , Chen Xuan , Hou Linghui , Tian Yuxiao , Zhang Jiahui , Wang Junwei , Wang Yunsheng , Huang Ke 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) is an important vegetable crop, as it is rich in health-beneficial glucosinolates (GSLs). However, the genetic basis of the GSL diversity in Brassicaceae remains unclear. Here we report a chromosome-level genome assembly of broccoli generated using PacBio HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly is 613.79 Mb in size, with a contig N50 of 14.70 Mb. The GSL profile and content analysis of different B. oleracea varieties, combined with a phylogenetic tree analysis, sequence alignment, and the construction of a 3D model of the methylthioalkylmalate synthase 1 (MAM1) protein, revealed that the gene copy number and amino acid sequence variation both contributed to the diversity of GSL biosynthesis in B. oleracea. The overexpression of BoMAM1 (BolI0108790) in broccoli resulted in high accumulation and a high ratio of C4-GSLs, demonstrating that BoMAM1 is the key enzyme in C4-GSL biosynthesis. These results provide valuable insights for future genetic studies and nutritive component applications of Brassica crops.
Intangible assets, global value chains, and innovation: evidence from Vietnamese SMEs
Authors: Doan Hung Quang , Masciarelli Francesca , Meliciani Valentina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the impact of participation in global value chains (GVCs) on innovation in Vietnamese small and medium enterprises (SMEs). We find that the Vietnamese SMEs that participate in GVCs are more likely to introduce product innovation. We also show that the likelihood of introducing product innovation for firms that participate in GVCs increases when they invest in intangible assets. These findings qualify the learning-by-participating model in GVCs by showing that the gains from GVC participation depend on a firm’s internal absorptive capacities.
Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer risk in the Million Women Study
Authors: Yang TienYu Owen , Floud Sarah , Reeves Gillian K ,   Million Women Study Collaborators, Abbott Simon , Alison Rupert , Atkinson Sarah , Baker Krys , Balkwill Angela , Barnes Isobel , Black Judith , Blanks Roger , Brown Anna , Chadwick Andrew , Ewart Dave , Floud Sarah , Gaitskell Kezia , Gathani Toral , Gerrard Laura , Goodill Adrian , Hermon Carol , Kan Sau Wan , Langston Nicky , Papier Keren , Pirie Kirstin , Reeves Gillian , Shaw Keith , Sherman Emma , Smith-Byrne Karl , Strange Helena , Sweetland Sian , Travis Ruth , Trickett Lyndsey , Wotton Clare , Young Owen Yang Heather , Banks Emily , Carpenter Lucy , Dezateux Carol , Floud Sarah , Patnick Julietta , Peto Richard , Reeves Gillian , Sudlow Cathie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Most previous studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cancer risk have lacked information on potential confounding factors. We investigated RA-associated cancer risks in a large cohort of women in the UK, taking account of shared risk factors.

Methods
In 1996–2001, women aged 50–64, who were invited for routine breast screening at 66 National Health Service (NHS) screening centres in England and Scotland, were also invited to take part in the Million Women Study. Participants provided information on sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors, including RA, and were followed up for cancers and deaths. Cox regression yielded RA-associated hazard ratios (HRs) of 20 cancers, adjusted for 10 characteristics including smoking status and adiposity.

Results
Around 1.3 million women (half of those invited) were recruited into the study. In minimally adjusted analyses, RA was associated with the risk of 13 of the 20 cancers. After additional adjustment for lifestyle factors, many of these associations were attenuated but there remained robust evidence of RA-associated increases in the risk of lung (HR 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.26), lymphoid (1.25, 1.18–1.33), myeloid (1.12, 1.01–1.25), cervical (1.39, 1.11–1.75) and oropharyngeal (1.40, 1.21–1.61) cancers, and decreases in the risk of endometrial (0.84, 0.77–0.91) and colorectal (0.82, 0.77–0.87) cancers.

Conclusions
After taking account of shared risk factors, RA is positively associated with lung and certain blood and infection-related cancers, and inversely associated with colorectal cancer. These findings are consistent with existing hypotheses around immune response, susceptibility to infections, and chronic inflammation. The inverse association observed for endometrial cancer merits further investigation.
Effective Density of Non-Degenerate Random Walks on Homogeneous Spaces
Authors: Kim Wooyeon , Kogler Constantin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We prove effective density of random walks on homogeneous spaces, assuming that the underlying measure is supported on matrices generating a dense subgroup and having algebraic entries. The main novelty is an argument passing from high dimension to effective equidistribution in the setting of random walks on homogeneous spaces, exploiting the spectral gap of the associated convolution operator.
Constant Mean Curvature Hypersurfaces in Anti-de Sitter Space
Authors: Trebeschi Enrico 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study entire spacelike constant mean curvature hypersurfaces in Anti-de Sitter space of any dimension. First, we give a classification result with respect to their asymptotic boundary, namely we show that every admissible sphere $\Lambda $ is the boundary of a unique such hypersurface, for any given value $H$ of the mean curvature. We also demonstrate that, as $H$ varies in $\mathbb {R}$, these hypersurfaces analytically foliate the invisible domain of $\Lambda $. Finally, we extend Cheng-Yau Theorem to the Anti-de Sitter space, which establishes the completeness of any entire constant mean curvature hypersurface.
Type I Interferon Autoantibodies Correlate With Cellular Immune Alterations in Severe COVID-19
Authors: Strunz Benedikt , Maucourant Christopher , Mehta Adi , Wan Hui , Du Likun , Sun Dan , Chen Puran , Nordlander Anna , Gao Yu , Cornillet Martin , Bister Jonna , Kvedaraite Egle , Christ Wanda , Klingström Jonas , Geanon Daniel , Parke Åsa , Ekwall-Larson Anna , Rivino Laura , MacAry Paul A , Aleman Soo , Buggert Marcus , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Lund-Johansen Fridtjof , Strålin Kristoffer , Björkström Niklas K ,   the Karolinska KI/K COVID-19 Study Group, Sönnerborg Anders , Dillner Lena , Glans Hedvig , Nauclér Pontus , Rooyackers Olav , Mårtensson Johan , Eriksson Lars I , Persson Björn P , Grip Jonathan , Unge Christian , Djärv Therese , Religa Dorota , Sandberg John Tyler , Bergsten Helena , Brighenti Susanna , Butrym Marta , Chambers Benedict J , Cuapio Angelica , Lozano Isabel Diaz , Dzidic Majda , Emgård Johanna , Flodström-Tullberg Malin , Gorin Jean-Baptiste , Haroun-Izquierdo Alvaro , Hertwig Laura , Kalsum Sadaf , Kokkinou Efthymia , Marquardt Nicole , Lourda Magdalini , Maleki Kimia T , Malmberg Karl-Johan , Michaëlsson Jakob , Mjösberg Jenny , Moll Kirsten , Muvva Jagadeeswara Rao , Norrby-Teglund Anna , Medina Laura M Palma , Parrot Tiphaine , Radler Lena , Ringqvist Emma , Sandberg Johan K , Sekine Takuya , Soini Tea , Svensson Mattias , Tynell Janne , von Kries Andreas , Wullimann David , Perez-Potti André , Rivera-Ballesteros Olga , Varnaite Renata , Akber Mira , Berglin Lena , Brownlie Demi , Loreti Marco Giulio , Sohlberg Ebba , Kammann Tobias , Henriksson Elisabeth , Hammer Quirin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe disease with increased morbidity and mortality among certain risk groups. The presence of autoantibodies against type I interferons (aIFN-Abs) is one mechanism that contributes to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods
This study aimed to investigate the presence of aIFN-Abs in relation to the soluble proteome, circulating immune cell numbers, and cellular phenotypes, as well as development of adaptive immunity.

Results
aIFN-Abs were more prevalent in critical compared to severe COVID-19 but largely absent in the other viral and bacterial infections studied here. The antibody and T-cell response to SARS-CoV-2 remained largely unaffected by the presence aIFN-Abs. Similarly, the inflammatory response in COVID-19 was comparable in individuals with and without aIFN-Abs. Instead, presence of aIFN-Abs had an impact on cellular immune system composition and skewing of cellular immune pathways.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that aIFN-Abs do not significantly influence development of adaptive immunity but covary with alterations in immune cell numbers.
Association of Dynamics of Anellovirus Loads With Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Patients With Brain Injury During the Intensive Care Unit Stay
Authors: Castain Louise , Petrier Mélanie , Bulteau Simon , Peltier Cécile , Poulain Cécile , Bouras Marwan , Imbert-Marcille Berthe-Marie , Poschmann Jérémie , Roquilly Antoine , Bressollette-Bodin Céline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Critical illness induces immune disorders associated with an increased risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Torque teno virus (TTV), from the Anelloviridae family, is proposed as a biomarker to measure the level of immunosuppression. Our objective was to describe the kinetics of TTV DNA loads and their association with critical illness–related complications.

Methods
We performed a longitudinal study in 115 patients with brain injury from a prospective cohort, collected endotracheal and blood samples at 3 successive time points after admission in the intensive care unit (ICU) (T1, 0–4 days post ICU admission; T2, 5–10; T3, 11–18), and measured viral DNA loads using the TTV R-GENE kit (BioMérieux) and a pan-Anelloviridae in-house quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
TTV DNA was detected in the blood of 69%, 71%, and 64% of patients with brain injury at T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Time-associated variations of TTV and anellovirus DNA loads were observed. Using a linear mixed-effects model, we found that HAP and ARDS were associated with lower blood anellovirus DNA loads.

Conclusions
Our results show that HAP or ARDS in patients who are critically ill is associated with changes in anellovirus DNA loads and should be evaluated further as a biomarker of immune disorders leading to these complications.
Endophytic Streptomyces sp. MSARE05 isolated from roots of Peanut plant produces a novel antimicrobial compound
Authors: Islam Md Majharul , Saha Shrabani , Sahoo Prithidipa , Mandal Sukhendu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aim
This study aimed to isolate, endophytic Streptomyces sp. MSARE05 isolated from root of a peanut (Arachis hypogaea) inhibits the growth of other bacteria. The research focused on characterizing the strain and the antimicrobial compound.

Methods and Results
The surface-sterilized peanut roots were used to isolate the endophytic bacterium Streptomyces sp. MSARE05. A small-scale fermentation was done to get the antimicrobial compound SM05 produced in highest amount in ISP-2 medium (pH 7) for 7 days at 30°C in shaking (180 rpm) condition. Extraction, purification, and chemical analysis of the antibacterial component revealed a novel class of antibiotics with a 485.54 Dalton molecular weight. The MIC was 0.4–0.8 µg ml−1 against the tested pathogens. It also inhibits multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and Mycobacterium with 0.8–3.2 µg ml−1 MIC. SM05 was found to disrupt cell membrane of target pathogen as evident by significant leakage of intracellular proteins and nucleic acids. It showed synergistic activity with ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and kanamycin.

Conclusions
The new-class antimicrobial SM05 consisting naphthalene core moiety was effective against drug-resistant pathogens but non-cytotoxic to human cells. This study underscores the significance of endophytic Streptomyces as a source of innovative antibiotics, contributing to the ongoing efforts to combat antibiotic resistance.
Whither security? The concept of ‘essential security interests’ in investment treaties’ security exceptions
Authors: Henckels Caroline 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Unlike the WTO agreements, most investment treaties’ security exceptions do not further define the concept of ‘essential security interests’, creating significant uncertainty. Securitization theory illuminates conceptual problems associated with an expansive approach to security, security’s role in justifying extraordinary deontic powers, and securitization’s contingency on intersubjective agreement. As securitizing actors, states have put forward four paradigms of security, each significantly expanding the concept beyond its traditional contours. Investors have resisted with two counter-securitizing moves, each involving several tactics. Reacting to these moves and countermoves, tribunals have functioned as either empowering audiences or as nullifying audiences. The ambiguity of essentiality has also generated incongruent interpretations. States’, investors’, and tribunals’ approaches operate on three different planes, each with potential to significantly constrain security’s scope or even negate a successful securitization. Expansive and restrictive interpretations of security present competing implications that make defining it an invidious task, but some interpretations of essentiality are more tenable than others. Overall, tribunals’ narrow interpretations of the concept have operated to considerably limit states’ securitization attempts. While investors should keep a close eye on pending cases involving potentially self-judging security exceptions, they need not be overly concerned that security exceptions pose a significant threat to their interests.
Efficacy and safety of streptozocin-based chemotherapy for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in Japanese clinical practice
Authors: Murakami Masatoshi , Fujimori Nao , Takamatsu Yu , Ito Tetsuhide , Matsumoto Kazuhide , Kakehashi Shotaro , Ohno Akihisa , Teramatsu Katsuhito , Ueda Keijiro , Ishigami Kousei , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Streptozocin has been used to treat neuroendocrine tumors in Europe and the USA; however, its actual status in Japan has not been fully clarified owing to the rarity of this disease and the relatively recent approval of streptozocin in Japan.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 53 patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors who were treated with streptozocin-based chemotherapy at two Japanese hospitals between January 2004 and June 2023.

Results
The overall response and disease control rates were 27.7 and 74.5%, respectively, and the median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.1 and 20.3 months, respectively. Performance status ≥1 showed a significant negative correlation with progression-free survival, and performance status ≥1 and liver tumor burden ≥25% showed a significant negative correlation with overall survival. No significant differences were observed in the treatment response between pancreatic and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. No treatment-related serious adverse events were observed; however, 87.7% of patients expressed a decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, which negatively correlated with the duration of streptozocin treatment (r = 0.43, P = 0.0020). In the streptozocin re-administration group (n = 5), no differences were found in efficacy between the initial and second streptozocin treatments.

Conclusions
Although streptozocin is a safe, streptozocin-induced renal dysfunction is a dilemma in streptozocin responders. Streptozocin may benefit patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, especially those with a good performance status; however, in some cases, planned streptozocin withdrawal or switching to other drugs should be considered.
Ongoing Measles in the Developed and Developing World
Authors: Cherry James D 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Measles is a vaccine-preventable illness. Nevertheless, in recent years, measles is still endemic and epidemic in both the developed world and the developing world. The public perception of measles in the past was that it was not a big deal. However, measles is associated with a number of complications which can be places in three categories which are: acute(diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, encephalitis, seizures, and death) and delayed-subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and post-measles immune amnesia. Contrary to the beliefs of the anti-vaccine lobby, measles is bad. In acute measles, the death rate is 1–3 per 1000 and the risk of encephalitis is 1 per 1000. Relatively recent investigations indicate that SSPE is considerably more common than previously believed. The worldwide contribution of post-measles immune amnesia to morbidity and mortality is likely to be huge. In exposure situations, two doses of measles vaccine will prevent 99% of cases. Presently in the United States, the first dose is given at 12 through 15 months of age. The second dose is most often administered at 4 through 6 years of age. In my opinion, the second dose of measles vaccine should be given 4–6 weeks after the first dose rather than at 4–6 years of age. Children who don’t have antibody to measles should not travel to risk areas.
Schisandrin B ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats via modulation of inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, and HIF-1α/VEGF pathway
Authors: Chen Xueqiang , Liu Chunhong , Deng Jiaxin , Xia Taibao , Zhang Xiaohai , Xue Shuangtao , Song Meng-Ke , Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Schisandrin B (Sch B) has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, however, its antirheumatoid arthritis properties and potential mechanism remain unexplored. This study evaluated the potential of Sch B in adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rats.

Methods
AIA was induced by injecting 0.1 ml of CFA into the paw of rats and the animals were administered with Sch B (50 mg/kg) for 28 days. The effects of Sch B were evaluated using arthritis severity, serum levels of oxido-inflammatory, and metabolic index parameters.

Key findings
Sch B eased arthritic symptoms by significantly reducing paw swelling and arthritic score and increased body weight gain. Moreover, Sch B alleviated the levels of oxido-inflammatory markers including interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, transforming growth factor β1, inducible nitric oxide synthase and malonaldehyde, as well as increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and Nrf2. Sch B also remarkably restored the altered levels of triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic acid, pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, glucose, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor. In addition, Sch B markedly alleviated p65 expression in the treated AIA rats.

Conclusion
This study suggests that Sch B alleviated AIA by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and angiogenesis.
Chylous drainage through percutaneous cholecystostomy: an extremely rare complication
Authors: Ellison Christina , Igarashi Yuichi , Kevorkian Noubar 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chyle leak is a rare but potentially morbid complication of abdominal surgery. There have been seven reported cases of chylous ascites following cholecystectomy, but no such occurrences are reported with percutaneous cholecystostomy tube (PCT) insertion. We report the case of a 67-year-old female with stage IVb recurrent uterine papillary serous carcinoma and extensive abdominal surgical history including a paraesophageal hernia repair, and a robotic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, gastrocolic omentectomy, and hepatoduodenal lymphadenectomy. The patient presented with clinical findings suggestive of acute cholecystitis and decision was made to proceed with PCT placement. The PCT was dislodged and replaced during her course and several days after chylous output was noted from the PCT. The remainder of her hospital course was complicated by persistent distributive shock, adrenal insufficiency, and continued chyle leak. She ultimately was transitioned to inpatient hospice and died shortly after.
Interrelation of cancers of unknown primary, chylous ascites, and cavernous mesenteric lymphangioma in a 57-year-old female patient: a case report
Authors: AlHabil Yazan , Dola Qasem N , Khader Abdelatif 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Cancers of unknown primary (CUPs) pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges because of their aggressive nature and elusive identification through conventional diagnostic means. This case report presents a unique finding in a 57-year-old female patient who, alongside her CUP, developed a cavernous mesenteric lymphangioma—a rare lymphatic malformation that is more commonly observed in pediatric populations. The interrelation between CUPs, chylous ascites, and lymphangiomas is explored, shedding light on this uncommon occurrence. Our patient’s journey began with a CUP diagnosis, marked by metastatic adenocarcinoma. Subsequent symptoms led to the discovery of a mesenteric lymphangioma. The case unfolds the patient’s diagnostic challenges, surgical interventions, and postoperative course. By highlighting the distinctive features of our case, we aim to contribute to the limited understanding of the interplay between lymphatic malformations and metastatic malignancies.