bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating Tumor DNA as Measurable Residual Disease in Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Roschewski Mark , Longo Dan L. , Armitage James O. 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceAchieving remission is the first step toward a cure in treating aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Radiographic imaging, such as fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans are the current standard to define remission at the end of therapy but lack specificity for lymphoma and cannot detect disease at the molecular level. Identifying measurable residual disease with ultrasensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA potentially offers the possibility of improving clinical outcomes.ObservationsEarly studies of circulating tumor DNA in aggressive B-cell lymphomas showed a strong association with overall tumor burden, and baseline quantitative levels are associated with clinical outcomes after frontline chemotherapy. Next-generation sequencing methods that detect lymphoma-relevant genetic aberrations in circulating tumor DNA can also be used for noninvasive genotyping that strongly mirror tissue biopsies. Rapid changes in circulating tumor DNA dynamics after 1 or 2 cycles of frontline chemotherapy or within weeks of treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell salvage therapy are also highly prognostic. Although serial monitoring of circulating tumor DNA can detect molecular relapse 3 to 6 months before clinical relapse, improved analytical thresholds are required to detect measurable residual disease at a singular point at the end of therapy. Modern advances in circulating tumor DNA methods now allow for the reliable detection of measurable residual disease, with an analytical detection threshold of 1 in 1 million cell-free DNA molecules.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this review suggest that modern ultrasensitive methods of detecting circulating tumor DNA may improve the current definition of remission in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Incorporating circulating tumor DNA at the end of therapy assessment identifies patients who do not require surveillance monitoring and introduces paradigms of treating measurable residual disease within clinical trials. Practical barriers, including standardization of collection, availability, turnaround times, and cost, remain hurdles preventing widespread implementation into clinical practice.
Poly(1,4‐anthraquinone) as an Organic Electrode Material: Interplay of the Electronic and Structural Properties due to the Unusual Lone‐Pair‐π Conjugation
Authors: Zhang Xiaotong , de Silva Piotr 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOrganic semiconductors with lone‐pair‐π conjugation offer a promising yet enigmatic route to advanced electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. This study employs molecular dynamics and electronic structure simulations to explore the relationship between structural and electronic properties of poly(1,4‐anthraquinone) (P14AQ), which exhibits this unusual conjugation mechanism. The results indicate that P14AQ is resistant to structural disorder, always maintaining an appreciable conjugation within its polymer chain. It also shows restrained volume changes when lithium, magnesium, and hydrogen cations are intercalated during battery cycling. These results rationalize the reported good performance of P14AQ as an organic cathode material. The analysis offers fundamental insights into the role of lone‐pair‐π conjugation in organic semiconductors and paves the way for developing new materials based on this unorthodox design paradigm.
Revealing the Thermal Stability of the Li/Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Interface at Atomic Scale via Cryogenic Electron Microscopy
Authors: Yan Jitong , Yao Jingming , Zhao Jun , Yu Zhixuan , Ye Zhangran , Zhang Longchen , Wang Zaifa , Zhang Xuedong , Rong Zhaoyu , Kong Dejie , Sun Jun , Li Wen , Wang Jing , Gao Dawei , Huang Jianyu , Tang Yongfu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the interfacial reaction mechanism between sulfide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) and metallic lithium (Li) under thermal runaway is of great significance in improving the safety of all‐solid‐state Li metal batteries (ASLMBs). Herein, multiscale methods including in situ optical microscopy‐thermal infrared imaging combination technique, cryogenic electron microscopy, thermodynamic simulation, and ab initio molecular dynamics methods are utilized to investigate the thermal chemical stability of sulfide SSEs Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) and Li6PS5Cl (LPSCl) against metallic Li under high temperatures. The results indicate that drastic thermal runaway happened between LGPS and metallic Li at 300 °C due to the continuous Li‐Germanium alloying reaction. In contrast, LPSCl maintains stability against metallic Li up to 400 °C, which is attributed to the formation of Li2S‐LiP‐Li3P‐LiCl stable interphases in the interfacial reaction between LPSCl and metallic Li. The electrical insulation interphase prevents the further reaction between LPSCl and metallic Li via kinetically decreasing the chemical potential of metallic Li to be within the electrochemical window of LPSCl. This work demonstrates the critical role of stable electrically insulated interphases between metallic Li anode and SSEs in improving the safety of ASLMBs.
Engineering Ce Promoter to Regulate H* Species to Boost Tandem Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction for Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Dong Ji‐Hong , Song Xue‐Zhi , Chen Yu‐Xiang , Gai Zhen‐Xu , Yuan Zhen , Liu De‐Kun , Tan Zhenquan , Liu Anmin , Wang Xiao‐Feng , Song Shu‐Yan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe renewable‐energy‐powered electroreduction of nitrate (NO3RR) to ammonia emerges as a generalist for contamination remediation, green ammonia synthesis, and even advanced energy conversion, garnering significant interest. However, it comes across limited ammonia yield and selectivity due to the imbalance active hydrogen (H*) supply within cutting‐edge single‐center Cu‐based materials. Herein, secondary Ce entity is engineered into Cu/MoO2@C substrate by thermal treatment of Ce‐doping NENU‐5 precursors to provide H* effectively. A high NH3 yield rate (20.3 ± 0.7 mg h−1 mgcat.−1) and NO3−−to−NH3 Faradaic efficiency (92 ± 3%) at −0.4 V (vs RHE) can be reached in 5%Ce‐Cu/MoO2@C, ranking among the recently reported state‐of‐the‐art catalysts. The core of this boosting performance lies in dual‐site tandem catalysis, in which Cu site adsorbs and activates NO3−, and Ce site dissociates water to generate H*, respectively. And the hydrogen spillover from Ce site to vicinal *NOx intermediates on Cu promotes the hydrogenation and ammonia generation with high selectivity. Theoretical calculations further indicate that Ce engineering optimizes the electronic properties, promotes the activation of adsorbed NO3−, and decreases the energy barrier in the rate‐determining step within dual‐site catalysis. These findings consolidate the positive role of rare earth center and highlight its corresponding dual‐site catalysis in sustainable ammonia synthesis.
Multifunctional Zwitterionic N‐Oxide Polymers to Overcome Cascade Physiological Barriers for Efficient Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Zheng Moujiang , Cao Yufei , Zhou Qinghao , Si Jiale , Huang Guopu , Ji Yuanyuan , Wu Youshen , Ge Zhishen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFor efficient anticancer drug delivery, cascade physiological barriers must be overcome, which requires the drug delivery vehicles to possess different or even opposite properties at different stages. Poly(tertiary amine‐oxide) (PTAO) polymers with the zwitterionic feature have distinct antifouling properties in blood circulation, which can be reduced and protonated in hypoxic tumors to promote cellular internalization. Nevertheless, the effects of various PTAO structures have not been studied systemically and optimized. In this report, the side groups of PTAO are proposed to be optimized by modulating the structures. Poly(2‐(N‐oxide‐hexamethyleneimino)ethyl methacrylate) (POC7A) with a cyclic seven‐membered ring is screened as the optimized PTAO structure for in vivo applications. Moreover, the block copolymer POC7A‐block‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) (POC7A‐PCL) is prepared for the formation of micelles in aqueous solution for delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). The zwitterionic nature of POC7A shells with efficient bioreductive activity and protonation in the tumor microenvironment endows the micelles with excellent antifouling properties for long blood circulation, efficient tumor accumulation, deep penetration, and effective cellular internalization. Thus, the DOX‐loaded micelles exhibit potent antitumor efficacy after intravenous administration. Zwitterionic POC7A can be used as antifouling shells of the anticancer drug delivery nanocarriers to overcome the cascade physiological barriers efficiently.
Data Readout Techniques for DNA‐Based Information Storage
Authors: Liu Bingyi , Wang Fei , Fan Chunhai , Li Qian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDNA is a natural chemical substrate that carries genetic information, which also serves as a powerful toolkit for storing digital data. Compared to traditional storage media, DNA molecules offer higher storage density, longer lifespan, and lower maintenance energy consumption. In DNA storage process, data readout is a critical step that bridges the gap between DNA molecular/structures with stored digital information. With the continued development of strategies in DNA data storage technology, the readout techniques have evolved. However, there is a lack of systematic introduction and discussion on the readout techniques for reported DNA data storage systems, especially the correlation between the design of the data storage system and the corresponding selection of readout techniques. This review first introduces two main categories of DNA data storage units (i.e., sequence and structure) and their corresponding readout techniques (i.e., sequencing and nonsequencing methods), and then reviewed representative examples of notable advancements in DNA data storage technology, focusing on data storage unit design, and readout technique selection. It also introduces emerging approaches to assist data readout techniques, such as implementation of microfluidic and fluorescent probes. Finally, the paper discusses the limitations, challenges, and potential of DNA data readout approaches.
Chlorine‐Mediated Dispersion Modulates Packing Arrangement of Asymmetric Acceptors for High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Lai Hanjian , Lang Yongwen , Luo Yongmin , Deng Zihao , Wang Yunpeng , Qiu Dongsheng , Sun Ruoxi , Zhang Guangye , Wu Jiaying , Li Gang , He Feng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on the synthesis and the performance of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with varying chlorine dispersion in organic solar cells (OSCs). Four chlorine‐mediated acceptors, BO3Cl‐a, BO3Cl‐γ, BO3Cl‐β, and BOEH3Cl‐β are synthesized with isomeric terminal groups and then integrated with donor PBDB‐TF to fabricate OSCs. It finds that increased chlorine dispersion improves device efficiency with enhanced current and BOEH3Cl‐β‐based devices achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 19%, which is one of the highest values reported for asymmetrically chlorinated acceptors. In OSC devices, Enhanced exciton dissociation and reduced carrier recombination are observed with more chlorine dispersion, along with improved charge transport due to modulation of molecular packing in the active layer. Furthermore, transient absorption spectroscopy elucidates that chlorine dispersion augments exciton diffusion time, thereby elevating the current density of devices, while the branching strategy further amplify the exciton lifetime of BOEH3Cl‐β, preserving the value of short current in the face of spectral blue shifts of it. The findings suggest that chlorine‐mediated dispersion is a key factor in enhancing OSC performance with improved current by progressive molecular packing arrangement and aggregation behaviors.
Perioperative outcomes of esophagectomy after doublet versus docetaxel‐based triplet neoadjuvant chemotherapy in older patients: A nationwide inpatient database study in Japan
Authors: Hirano Yuki , Konishi Takaaki , Kaneko Hidehiro , Matsuda Satoru , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Kimura Yuya , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Daiko Hiroyuki , Itano Osamu , Yasunaga Hideo , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlthough docetaxel‐based triplet neoadjuvant chemotherapy has yielded promising results for locally advanced esophageal cancer, there are concerns that the triplet regimen can increase perioperative adverse events in older patients. This retrospective study assessed the perioperative outcomes following doublet or docetaxel‐based triplet chemotherapy and esophagectomy in older patients.MethodsThe data of patients aged 70–79 years who received cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (CF) or docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5‐fluorouracil (DCF) before esophagectomy were extracted from a nationwide Japanese inpatient database (April 2012–March 2022). The primary outcomes were major and respiratory complications. The secondary outcomes included anastomotic leakage, 30‐day unplanned readmission, and 30‐ and 90‐day mortality. Analyses were conducted using overlap propensity score weighting, propensity score matching, and instrumental variable methods to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsOf 5229 eligible patients, 3457 (66%) and 1772 (34%) patients received neoadjuvant CF and DCF, respectively. Major and respiratory complications occurred in 5229 (40%) and 1388 (27%) patients, respectively. After overlap weighting, DCF was not associated with a higher frequency of major (odds ratio 0.99 [95% confidence interval 0.87–1.12]) and respiratory complications (odds ratio 1.04 [0.90–1.19]) compared with CF. The frequencies of anastomotic leakage, 30‐day unplanned readmission, and 30‐ and 90‐day mortality did not differ between the groups. Propensity score matching and instrumental variable analyses yielded similar results.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant DCF was not associated with a higher frequency of perioperative adverse events compared with CF after esophagectomy in patients aged 70–79 years.
Low‐to‐Moderate Daytime Physical Activities Predicted Higher‐Quality Sleep Among Habitually Active Agropastoralists
Authors: Li Ming Fei , Lecheko Puseletso , Phuthing Tumelo , Lesholu Tsepo , Samson David R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe positive effects of physical activity (PA) on sleep are widely promoted by public health organizations and supported by abundant empirical evidence. Nonetheless, there remains a dearth of studies investigating the association between daytime PA and nighttime sleep among non‐urban and nonindustrial populations that habitually engage in PA as part of their subsistence strategy.MethodsHere, we examined the bidirectional relationship between PA and sleep. We also looked at age, gender, and occupation‐level differences in moderate‐to‐vigorous‐intensity PA (MVPA), low‐intensity PA (LPA), and sedentary activity durations among Basotho and Xhoxa agropastoralists residing in rural villages in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. We analyzed activity and sleep data collected from 113 individuals using MotionWatch actigraphy wristwatches across three field seasons (7111 individual days).ResultsPercentage daily total MVPA decreased with age, though older participants maintained low activity levels and did not suffer from poorer sleep compared to younger participants. Herders spent more percentage of their day in higher‐intensity activity than non‐herders. Overall, women had greater daily percentage MVPA and lower percentage sedentary activity than men. Durations of total MVPA and LPA decreased total sleep time (TST) and improved sleep quality (increased sleep efficiency (SE), decreased fragmentation, and decreased percentage wake after sleep onset). Daytime PA measures were not affected by sleep duration or quality from the previous night.ConclusionsAmong this group of habitually active agropastoralists, low‐to‐moderate‐intensity PA durations consistently predicted higher sleep quality. Our findings showed that sleep quality was more strongly affected by PA than sleep duration.
Variation in Pubic Symphysis Fusion Across Primates: Implications for Obstetric Adaptation
Authors: Torres‐Tamayo Nicole , Buck Laura T. , Hirasaki Eishi , Rae Todd C. , Betti Lia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe unfused human pubic symphysis has been interpreted as an obstetric adaptation to facilitate the passage of a large‐brained baby through a relatively small, bipedally adapted pelvis. The degree of fusion of the adult pubic symphysis was evaluated across primate species to gauge whether an open symphysis can be interpreted as an obstetric adaptation in humans and other primates.Materials and MethodsSymphyseal fusion was assessed in 718 individuals from 67 nonhuman primate species. Variation in fusion in specimens of known ages and sex from four species (Galago moholi, Macaca mulatta, Microcebus murinus, and Pan troglodytes) was further examined, with detailed analyses of pubic changes by age and sex carried out through logistic regressions in macaques.ResultsPubic fusion occurs in most primate species. It is observed earlier in life in males than in females in Ma. mulatta and Pa. troglodytes, only in males in Mi. murinus, and does not occur in Ga. moholi.DiscussionWhile delayed or absent pubic fusion is more prevalent in female primates, suggesting obstetric adaptation, there is no clear relation with childbirth constraints, as fusion is also observed in species experiencing a tight cephalopelvic fit. Other mechanisms might have evolved to facilitate birth in some species, or nonobstetric selective pressures might be counteracting the obstetric advantages of a flexible symphysis. The preservation of an open symphysis throughout life in humans and some other primates, however, can be best interpreted as convergent evolution due to obstetric selection.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Ferrocenyl Aminoalcohols: Simultaneous Induction of Multiple Types of Chirality by a Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring‐Opening Strategy
Authors: Isoda Takamu , Jimba Komei , Kawashima Kyohei , Nishinoiri Takahiro , Mori Seiji , Tsurusaki Akihiro , Kamikawa Ken 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChiral ferrocenyl aminoalcohols were enantioselectively synthesized via the rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric aminative ring‐opening of 1,4‐epoxy‐1,4‐dihydronaphthalenylferrocenes. A planar chiral phosphine‐olefin ligand consisting of a cyclopentadienyl (Cp) manganese scaffold provided excellent catalytic performance, furnishing the ring‐opening products in high yield and enantioselctivity (up to 99 : 1 enantiomeric ratio (e.r.)). The enantioselectivity could be further improved by changing the steric congestion in the cyclopentadienyl unit of the ferrocenyl fragment of the starting 1,4‐epoxy‐1,4‐dihydronaphthalenylferrocene. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the high enantioselective induction in the ring‐opening reaction, estimating an e.r. of 99 : 1, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The application of the thus obtained chiral ferrocenyl aminoalcohols as ligands in asymmetric reactions was also investigated.
Spatially Separated Redox Centers in Anthraquinone‐grafted Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Efficient Piezo‐photocatalytic H2O2 Production
Authors: Chen Cheng , Gu Kaiye , Wang Peifang , Liu Zhao‐Qing , Ao Yanhui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPiezo‐photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from water and air is promising but its large‐scale application is still challenging as insufficient reaction active sites and low reaction efficiency. We have applied molecular engineering methods to design an anthraquinone molecularly (AQ) grafted metal–organic framework piezo‐photocatalyst (UiO‐66‐AQ) for H2O2 generation from water and air. The catalyst achieves a peak H2O2 yield of 7872.4 μM g−1 h−1 by facilitating two critical reactions: single‐electron water oxidation (WOR) and two‐electron oxygen reduction (ORR) on spatially separated redox sites. Experiments and computational simulations reveal efficient charge separation through a ligand‐to‐chain transfer mechanism. Electrons and holes are selectively transferred to AQ and UiO‐66 promoting ORR and WOR under ultrasound and visible light. The high reaction rate of ORR (rapid generation of endoperoxide) compensates for the slow kinetics of WOR (generation of OH*) and greatly increases the rate of full‐reaction of H2O2 production. Additionally, a continuous flow tubular reactor equipped with UiO‐66‐AQ catalytic membranes affords 96 % removal of organic dyes by a in situFenton process under visible light and water flow, confirming the significant potential of the catalyst for practical applications. This work deepens the understanding of directional carrier migration at piezo‐photocatalytic spatial separation sites, opening new pathways for environmentally friendly and efficient H2O2 synthesis.
Formic Acid Dehydrogenation Catalysis Using Novel Pyridyl‐Formamidine Half‐Sandwich Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Edor Juliana Mana , Joseph M. Cassiem , Jordaan Johan H. L. , Vosloo Hermanus C. M. , Swarts Andrew J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe reaction of N,N′‐bidentate chelating ligands with [Ru(p‐cymene)Cl2]2 in methanol resulted in six‐membered Ru complexes with tshe general formula [RuCl(p‐cymene)L]Cl exhibiting a pseudo‐octahedral piano‐stool geometry. The combination of NMR, MS, FTIR and SCXRD techniques confirmed the successful synthesis of the reported compounds. The prepared complexes were all active in formic acid dehydrogenation (FADH) catalysis, producing an equimolar mixture of H2 and CO2 gases with no detectable amount of CO. Establishing thermodynamic and kinetic parameters provided evidence for the role of pre‐catalyst and FA during catalysis. Reactivity studies between C6 and HCOOK revealed complex equilibria and allowed for the detection of the key monohydride species involved in catalysis. Remarkably, C6 proved to be robust at 100°C, resulting in approximately 98% substrate conversion with a total TON of about 7892 and TOF close to 300 h−1 after 35 h.
High Catalytic Performance of Bimetallic Sites Catalyst MOF@MT‐COF‐Cu for Benzimidazole and Benzothiazole Derivatives
Authors: Geng Yiding , Tang Huailin , Zhang Yixiu , Li Xiaolin , Wang Shuo , Liu Yue , Gong Yixia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAn efficient catalytic system was developed to rapidly synthesize benzimidazole and benzothiazole derivatives under green and mild conditions using MOF@MT‐COF‐Cu, which contains Zr‐Cu bimetallic catalytic sites as heterogeneous catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by powder X‐ray diffractometer (PXRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption–desorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). The prepared hybrid material has been demonstrated to be an excellent catalyst because it has Zr and Cu bimetallic catalytic sites and combines the high specific surface area and robust stability of MOF and COF. In addition, the catalyst exhibits several advantages, including high catalytic activity, easy recovery, good repeatability, and excellent stability.