bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
p16 overexpression identifies oncogenic high‐risk HPV infection in non‐oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Becker Anne‐Sophie , Merkel Jenny , Bozkurt Inci , Strüder Daniel Fabian , Maletzki Claudia , Hühns Maja , Zimpfer Annette Helene 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is an increasing risk factor for cancer. HPV‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is associated with a favorable outcome. Blockstaining for p16 is a surrogate marker for HPV+ OPSCC. In oral and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC/LSCC), the relevance of p16 immunohistochemistry, alone or in combination with other cell cycle‐related proteins, to identify HPV‐driven non‐OPSCC is less well understood.MethodsWe stained for p16, pRb, cyclin D1, and p53 in 327 HNSCC. In 310 OPSCC, HPV‐status was assessed by HPV DNA PCR. In 119 non‐OPSCC, RNA in situ hybridization was additionally performed. HPV‐status was correlated with staining patterns, p53 and clinical data.ResultsThe OPSCC showed blockstaining for p16 in 36%, 8% were equivocal. Of these, HPV‐testing was performed in 57%, and 53% were positive for HPV DNA. HPV‐association correlated with absence of pRb and cyclin D1 and favorable outcome. In non‐OPSCC, 18% showed p16‐blockstaining, and 13% showed E6/E7 RNA. Six of seven HPV+ OSCC and 8/8 LSCC lost pRb and cyclin D1. Compared to HPV‐negative counterparts, patients with HPV+ cancers had lower rates of alcohol consumption and keratinizing morphology. HPV‐positive OSCC had a longer overall survival (p < 0.05). HPV subtype 16 was the most common.ConclusionsWe conclude that HPV‐positive non‐OPSCC are associated with p16 overexpression and low levels of pRb and cyclin D1. High expression of pRb and cyclin D1 indicates HPV‐negativity.
Prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in dMMR&MSS colorectal cancer patients and an MSI status predicting model
Authors: Fu Xinhui , Huang Jinglin , Zhu Junling , Fan Xinjuan , Wang Chao , Deng Weihao , Tan Xiaoli , Chen Zhiting , Cai Yacheng , Lin Hanjie , Wang Guannan , Zhang Ning , Zhu Yongmin , Chen Ji , Zhan Huanmiao , Huang Shuhui , Fang Yongzhen , Li Yuhua , Huang Yan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe inconsistency between mismatch repair (MMR) protein immunohistochemistry (IHC) and microsatellite instability PCR (MSI‐PCR) methods has been widely reported. We aim to investigate the prognosis and the effect of immunotherapy in dMMR by IHC but MSS by MSI‐PCR (dMMR&MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A microsatellite instability (MSI) predicting model was established to help find dMMR&MSS patients. MMR and MSI states were detected by the IHC and MSI‐PCR in 1622 CRC patients (ZS6Y‐1 cohort). Logistic regression analysis was used to screen clinical features to construct an MSI‐predicting nomogram. We propose a new nomogram‐based assay to find patients with dMMR&MSS, in which the MSI‐PCR assay only detects dMMR patients with MSS predictive results. We applied the new strategy to a random cohort of 248 CRC patients (ZS6Y‐2 cohort). The consistency of MMR IHC and MSI‐PCR in the ZS6Y‐1 cohort was 95.7% (1553/1622). Both pMMR&MSS and dMMR&MSS groups experienced significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than those in dMMR by IHC and MSI‐H by MSI‐PCR (dMMR&MSI‐H) group (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.429, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89–3.116, p < .01; HR = 21.96, 95% CI: 7.24–66.61, p < .01). The dMMR&MSS group experienced shorter OS than the pMMR&MSS group, but the difference did not reach significance (log rank test, p = .0686). In the immunotherapy group, the progression‐free survival of dMMR&MSS patients was significantly shorter than that of dMMR&MSI‐H patients (HR = 13.83, 95% CI: 1.508–126.8, p < .05). The ZS6Y‐MSI‐Pre nomogram (C‐index = 0.816, 95% CI: 0.792–0.841, already online) found 66% (2/3) dMMR&MSS patients in the ZS6Y‐2 cohort. There are significant differences in OS and immunotherapy effect between dMMR&MSI‐H and dMMR&MSS patients. Our prediction model provides an economical way to screen dMMR&MSS patients.
Rubber plantation size and global rubber price are linked to forest loss and degradation in Jambi, Sumatra
Authors: Jayathilake H. Manjari , Wei Cheng Zhi , Tan Gerald , de la Porte Côme , Carrasco L. Roman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNatural rubber cultivation is one of the main drivers of tropical deforestation and biodiversity loss. This study examines regulatory and socio‐economic conditions that increase the susceptibility of rubber plantations to deforestation and degradation, aiming to support zero‐deforestation pledges and sustainability commitments made by the natural rubber industry. By combining bottom‐up socio‐economic survey data from rubber smallholder farmers in Indonesia with top‐down spatial datasets on forest loss and degradation, this study identifies factors associated with deforestation, tree cover loss, and degradation of high‐risk plantations. In Jambi Province, Indonesia, from 1991 to 2018, the overall tree cover loss in areas adjacent to rubber plantations was positively correlated to plantation size, remoteness (travel time to cities), and distance to the nearest protected areas, indicating that larger, remotely located plantations likely expanded more into forests between 2000 and 2018. Similarly, tropical forest degradation was positively associated with plantation size, travel time to cities, and distance to protected areas. A higher rubber price in the preceding year correlated with increased annual deforestation and forest degradation, whereas lower prices had the opposite effect. These results suggest that monitoring price changes and identifying plantations that are near non‐protected forest frontiers could enable early detection and potential mitigation of deforestation threats.
Extended hydrological prediction (EHP) sub‐seasonal forecast for water resources planning and management
Authors: Vohra Kushvinder , Srivastava Rishi , Bisht Sandeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Extended Hydrologic Prediction (EHP) project is a forecasting system development and deployment project for three major basins of India—Yamuna, Cauvery and Narmada. The forecasts will be produced at four key locations in each basin using a 4‐week horizon. Forecasts are hydrologic naturalized (deregulated) flows. Regulated forecasts will require the addition of an operations model to account for management decisions and interventions. Forecasting streamflow over a multi‐week horizon has a range of benefits to improve water resources planning for flood mitigation via reservoir pre‐positioning, drought planning for shortage allocation, power maximization and many other benefits demonstrated globally. EHP is a challenging project from the research side, where there are limited deployed systems across the world at this horizon, which is a chance for EHP to make a significant contribution to the forecasting community, which will bring benefits to the stakeholders of these basins, and will be a model for future similar forecasting systems in India and around the world.
Does corporate governance affect investment efficiency of Indian firms? Panel evidence from new governance indices
Authors: Yadav Akash Singh , Yadav Inder Sekhar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study examines the effects of corporate governance (CG) on investment inefficiency for 506 Indian listed firms. Using new stipulations of CG and globally recognized governance practices, an overall corporate governance index (CGI) and five sub‐indices such as board index (BINDEX), audit index (AINDEX), ownership index (OINDEX), nomination and remuneration index (NRINDEX), and disclosure index (DINDEX) were constructed. Employing newly developed governance indices along with firm‐specific control variables, several pooled regression models were estimated. Robustness checks were conducted using two‐step system GMM and an alternate measure of managerial investment efficiency. The pooled estimated coefficient of CGI and sub‐indices (except OINDEX) on investment inefficiency, overinvestment and underinvest is found to be negative and significant suggesting that effective/robust governance at firm level reduces investment inefficiencies (improves investment efficiency) through effective supervision and monitoring thereby reducing the opportunistic behavior of managers.
The graduate school guide: How to prepare for the qualifying exam and assemble a thesis/graduate committee
Authors: Rogers Crystal D. , Kirabo Annet , McReynolds Melanie , Sweetwyne Mariya T. , Wanjalla Celestine , Benjamin Jazmine , Williams Edith M. , Gaddy Jennifer A. , Williams Clintoria R. , Damo Steven M. , Murray Sandra A. , Hinton Antentor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQualifying exams and thesis committees are crucial components of a PhD candidate's journey. However, many candidates have trouble navigating these milestones and knowing what to expect. This article provides advice on meeting the requirements of the qualifying exam, understanding its format and components, choosing effective preparation strategies, retaking the qualifying exam, if necessary, and selecting a thesis committee, all while maintaining one's mental health. This comprehensive guide addresses components of the graduate school process that are often neglected.
Diagnostic challenges in primary ovarian carcinoid: Insights from radiological imaging—A case study
Authors: Bayani Leila , Shahbazkhani Amir Hossein , Seifollahy Akram , Kashany Ladan , Torabi Sarah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimary ovarian carcinoid (POC) is a very rare subset of ovarian tumors, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its inconclusive radiological imaging. In this case study, we present a 30‐year‐old nulliparous female with subfertility complaints and irregular menstrual cycles, who was initially misdiagnosed with an ovarian cyst. Subsequent comprehensive imaging, including Color Doppler, revealed high vascularity, and prompting suspicion of malignancy. Surgical resection and histopathological evaluation ultimately confirmed the presence of a rare Carcinoid tumor, insular type. This case emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach to the early detection and accurate diagnosis of POCs.
Extracellular vesicles derived from M2‐like macrophages alleviate acute lung injury in a miR‐709‐mediated manner
Authors: Yang Jie , Huang Xiaofang , Yu Qing , Wang Shibo , Wen Xuehuan , Bai Songjie , Cao Lanxin , Zhang Kai , Zhang Shufang , Wang Xingang , Chen Zhanghui , Cai Zhijian , Zhang Gensheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAcute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is characterised by an uncontrolled inflammatory response, and current treatment strategies have limited efficacy. Although the protective effect of M2‐like macrophages (M2φ) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been well‐documented in other inflammatory diseases, the role of M2φ‐derived EVs (M2φ‐EVs) in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS remains poorly understood. The present study utilised a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide‐induced ALI to first demonstrate a decrease in endogenous M2‐like alveolar macrophage‐derived EVs. And then, intratracheal instillation of exogenous M2φ‐EVs from the mouse alveolar macrophage cell line (MH‐S) primarily led to a take up by alveolar macrophages, resulting in reduced lung inflammation and injury. Mechanistically, the M2φ‐EVs effectively suppressed the pyroptosis of alveolar macrophages and inhibited the release of excessive cytokines such as IL‐6, TNF‐α and IL‐1β both in vivo and in vitro, which were closely related to NF‐κB/NLRP3 signalling pathway inhibition. Of note, the protective effect of M2φ‐EVs was partly mediated by miR‐709, as evidenced by the inhibition of miR‐709 expression in M2φ‐EVs mitigated their protective effect against lipopolysaccharide‐induced ALI in mice. In addition, we found that the expression of miR‐709 in EVs derived from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was correlated negatively with disease severity in ARDS patients, indicating its potential as a marker for ARDS severity. Altogether, our study revealed that M2φ‐EVs played a protective role in the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS, partly mediated by miR‐709, offering a potential strategy for assessing disease severity and treating ALI/ARDS.
Counseling in a different language: An analysis of experiences and resources in multilingual genetic counseling
Authors: Franca Karina , Swenson Kathleen B. , Wang Catharine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study set out to investigate the experiences of bilingual/multilingual genetic counselors in the United States and Canada who have counseled in a non‐English language and characterize their training experiences to identify potential areas for improvement. A total of 32 bilingual and/or multilingual genetic counselors completed online surveys. Approximately 83% of participants typically counsel patients in languages for which they believe their proficiency is at least good without the participation of an interpreter. Challenges to providing language‐concordant care include insufficient patient‐facing translation tools/resources, with roughly half reporting they have created their own resources out of necessity. For training programs, there was a strong desire for more supervision in bilingual/multilingual genetic counseling students' non‐English language during training to help foster genetics‐related language skills development.
The efficacy of the Self‐Administered Interview: A systematic review
Authors: Bird Emily , Wiener Jan , Huang Ching‐Yu , Attard‐Johnson Janice 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObtaining accurate information from eyewitnesses is a crucial element in criminal investigations. Interview strategies such as the Cognitive Interview (CI) and the Self‐Administered Interview (SAI) have been developed and implemented to minimise inaccuracies and enhance the recall and reliability of eyewitness evidence. The SAI is a recent development within forensic psychology. However, a question remains as to the effectiveness of the SAI as an investigative interview tool. A systematic review of published studies employing the SAI was conducted (n = 22), and all were considered in relation to three variables (estimator, system and methodological). As the number of studies within the evidence base was relatively small, we could not ascertain whether the SAI is an effective investigative interviewing tool. However, the results demonstrate a number of positive benefits of the SAI. We discuss the implications of these findings for policy and directions for future research.
Gadolinium Contrast Agent Deposition in Children
Authors: Ouyang Minglei , Bao Li 
Published: April 2024

Over the past few years, a large number of studies have evidenced increased signal intensity in the deep brain nuclei on unenhanced T1‐MRI images achieved by the application of gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs). The deposition of gadolinium in the brain, bone, and other tissues following administration of GBCAs has also been confirmed in histological studies in rodents and in necropsy studies in adults and children. Given the distinct physiological characteristics of children, this review focuses on examining the current research on gadolinium deposition in children, particularly studies utilizing novel methods and technologies. Furthermore, the article compares safety research findings of linear GBCAs and macrocyclic GBCAs in children, with the aim of offering clinicians practical guidance based on the most recent research outcomes.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 2
Using UNSEEN approach to attribute regional UK winter rainfall extremes
Authors: Cotterill Daniel F. , Mitchell Dann , Stott Peter A. , Bates Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThree out of the five highest daily winter rainfall totals on record over Northern England have occurred from 2015 onwards. Heavy rainfall events in the winters of 2013–2014, 2015–2016 and 2019–2020 led to more than 2.8‐billion‐pounds of insurance losses from flooding in the UK. Has the frequency of these events been influenced by human‐induced climate change? Winter rainfall in the UK is extremely variable year‐to‐year, which makes the attribution of rainfall extremes particularly challenging. To tackle this problem, we introduce an UNprecedented Simulated Extreme Ensemble (UNSEEN) approach for the attribution of such extremes, thereby increasing the data available, and apply this approach to five recent flooding events on a regional scale. Using this method, for all five events we found a significant climate signal in the extreme regional rainfall totals immediately preceding the flooding. Results were fairly similar for each—with the events being found to become from 1.4 to 2.6 times more likely. An alternative attribution method that uses a different model with substantially less data did not find significant increases, reinforcing the need for very large amounts of data to detect significant changes in extreme rainfall against a noisy background of natural variability. We also examine how extreme rainfall is changing more broadly across English regions in winter, finding that 1‐in‐10 to 1‐in‐90‐year winter rainfall totals have changed significantly in Northern England. The high volume of data using UNSEEN has enabled us to examine the dynamics of these events, showing that daily extremes in winter are likely to have increased across all the circulation patterns responsible for high rainfall in English regions.
Developing a hybrid model with multiview learning for acoustic classification of Atlantic herring schools
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Wall Carrie C. , Jech J. Michael , Lv Qin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdvances in active acoustic technology have outpaced the ability to process and analyze the data in a timely manner. Currently, scientists rely on manual scrutiny or limited automation to translate acoustic backscatter to biologically meaningful metrics useful for fisheries and ecosystem management. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Northeast Fisheries Science Center has monitored the Atlantic herring population in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank since 1999 due to the stocks' important economic and ecological role for the commercial lobster industry. Manual scrutinization to identify Atlantic herring schools from the water column sonar data is time‐consuming and impractical for large‐scale studies. To automate this process, a hybrid model with multiview learning was proposed for automatic Atlantic herring school detection, which consists of two steps: (1) region‐of‐interest (ROI) detection and (2) ROI classification. The ROI detection step was designed to detect school‐like objects, and the ROI classification step was designed to distinguish Atlantic herring schools from other objects. The co‐training algorithm was employed for multiview learning as well as semi‐supervised learning. Within this framework, single‐view vs. multiview learning and supervised vs. semi‐supervised learning were evaluated and compared. Our results showed that multiview learning can improve the performance of the hybrid model in Atlantic herring school detection, and the utilization of unlabeled data is also helpful when the training set is small. The best‐performed model achieved an F1‐score of 0.804. This new framework provides an efficient and effective tool for automatic Atlantic herring school detection.
Developing a self‐healing anticorrosion coating for steel protection in marine tidal zone
Authors: Atazadeh Navid , Nogorani Farhad Shahriari 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA self‐healing anticorrosion protective was developed for steel st‐37 exposed to the marine tidal zone, which is composed of a multi‐layer polymer coating. The coating includes zinc‐rich epoxy primer, self‐healing microencapsulated embedded epoxy, and a top coat consisting of polyurethane incorporated with silica nanoparticles. The size of microcapsules decreased with increasing agitation during encapsulation, which varies from 4 to 43 µm. Good performance was observed for producing the encapsulated particles with a size of up to 5 µm and more than 90% loading of the embedded healing agent, in which a 1680 rpm agitation along with a pH of 3 for the synthesis environment and a 130 min for the synthesis duration is set. The optimal amount of microcapsules and silica nanoparticles was 10 and 1.5 wt%, respectively. Also, the promised self‐healing anticorrosion coating leads the damaged areas to be fully healed in almost 12 h in the face of harsh conditions. In contrast to the non‐self‐healing one, the healing ability of the developed self‐healing coating shows good barrier properties and leads to a lesser loss of interface adhesion.
Carbon reduction policy and firms' executive‐employee pay gap: Evidence from low‐carbon city pilot policy
Authors: Xie Qiaoxin , Miu Wenjing , Zhang Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTaking the low‐carbon city pilot policy as a quasi‐natural experiment and using the data of Chinese listed companies, this paper examines the impact and mechanism of low‐carbon city pilot policy on the firms' executive‐employee pay gap. The results show that the implementation of low‐carbon city pilot policy significantly promotes the executive‐employee pay gap. Mechanism analysis results show that the low‐carbon city pilot policy promotes the executive‐employee pay gap mainly by enhancing the risks of enterprises' environmental violations and increasing management complexity. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the promoting effects of the pilot policy are more obvious in state‐owned enterprises, large‐scale enterprises, high‐carbon emission enterprises, and enterprises in labor‐intensive industries. The paper provides a decision‐making reference for coordinating common prosperity progress and corporate high‐quality development in the context of carbon reduction transformation.