bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medially originated inverted papilloma
Authors: Lee Ta‐Jen , Huang Chi‐Che , Chen Yi‐Wei , Chang Kai‐Ping , Fu Chia‐Hsiang , Chang Po‐Hung 
Published: February 2009

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of medially originated inverted papilloma (MOIP) and compare them with laterally originated inverted papilloma (LOIP).MethodsA retrospective review of the charts for a total of 83 patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) was conducted. Tumors originating from the nasal septum or the turbinates were categorized as MOIP, whereas tumors originating from the four sinuses were categorized as LOIP.ResultsTwenty‐eight (34%) and 55 (66%) cases were categorized as MOIP and LOIP. MOIP from the middle turbinate behaved more aggressively than LOIP from the ethmoid sinus (P = 0.009), but less aggressively than LOIP from the maxillary medial wall (P < 0.05). Radical procedures were implemented in 14 patients with LOIP, but not in any patients with MOIP (P = 0.002). The recurrence rates were comparable in both groups (P = 0.472).ConclusionsThe categorization of IP on the basis of tumor origin enabled a better surgical design and more accurate excision of the tumor. Although in some cases MOIP may behave more aggressively, radical procedures were indicated in only the late Krouse stage LOIP without compromising the recurrence rate.
The evolution of management for inverted papilloma: An analysis of 200 cases
Authors: Lawson William , Patel Zara M. 
Published: February 2009

ObjectivesTo assess the evolution of management within one institution with the largest case series and longest clinical follow‐up of IP to date in the literature and to compare this management with what has been recently presented in publication.MethodA case series was performed assessing sex, age, presenting symptoms, origin of lesion, staging, primary versus recurrence, radiographic findings, method of treatment, rate of recurrence, and associated malignancy.ResultsTwo hundred patients (average age, 57) underwent endoscopic or endoscopic‐assisted resection of IP. The mean follow‐up was 4.3 years (range, 9 months‐19 years). Eighty percent of cases over the last decade had prior surgery before presentation. Sixty‐three percent were Krouse stage T3, and 25 percent were T4. Combined approaches were used for 57 percent of the most recent 40 cases, including Caldwell‐Luc, lateral rhinotomy, medial maxillectomy, trephine, or osteoplastic flap.ConclusionInverted papilloma can be addressed endoscopically when possible, with data from this study and the current literature suggesting this is feasible in 43 percent to 66 percent of cases. This decision should be made for each individual case, and variables that will likely affect the decision to use adjuvant external approaches include significant scarring and anatomic distortion from previous surgery, high Krouse stage, and associated malignancy.
Effect of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Lee Mei‐Yu , Lin Ching‐Chi , Lee Kuo‐Sheng , Wang Ying‐Piao , Liaw Shwu‐Fang , Chiu Chung‐Hsin , Wu Kun‐Ming 
Published: February 2009

ObjectivesThis study evaluates the effects of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) on serum levels of nitric oxide derivatives (NOx) and endothelial function by endothelium dependent flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Study DesignProspective study.Subjects and MethodsFifteen healthy subjects and 30 subjects with moderately severe to severe OSAS who desired UPPP were prospectively enrolled. FMD was measured by high‐resolution B‐mode ultrasonography; serum level of NOx from peripheral blood samples was also measured. All subjects participated in sleep studies. These studies were repeated 3 months after UPPP in OSAS patients.ResultsFor healthy patients, there was no difference in serum level of NOx and FMD between baseline and 3 months later. The serum levels of NOx in 14 of 30 patients with OSAS – designated surgical responders – increased from 13.9 ± 5.5 μM preoperation to 28.9 ± 8.2 μM postoperatively. FMD increased from 5.2 ± 5.0 preoperatively to 10.0 ± 4.7 postoperatively. For the 16 unresponsive patients, serum NOx and FMD remained impaired after UPPP.ConclusionSuccessful treatment of OSAS with UPPP leads to restoration of FMD and normal serum levels of NOx.
Laryngotracheal reconstruction with posterior costal cartilage grafts: Outcomes at a single institution
Authors: Rizzi Mark D. , Thorne Marc C. , Zur Karen B. , Jacobs Ian N. 
Published: February 2009

ObjectiveTo describe our outcomes after laryngotracheal reconstruction that required posterior costal cartilage grafting focused on decannulation rates and complications.Study DesignCase series with chart review.Subjects and MethodsCharts were reviewed on 58 patients. Operation specific and overall decannulation rates were determined. Complications were reviewed and correlated with technique of graft placement. Available voice outcomes were reviewed.ResultsForty‐eight patients were included. There was no statistically significant correlation between degree of stenosis and rate of decannulation. The overall decannulation rate, regardless of number of surgeries performed, was 96 percent. The relative risk for complications was higher among children who had a sutured versus a sutureless flanged posterior graft (RR = 2.5, P < 0.01). The most common voice anomaly was supraglottic compression.ConclusionsOperation‐specific decannulation rates are not significantly different with increasing disease severity, although the power to detect small differences in this study is low. Sutureless graft placement is associated with a lower complication rate. Supraglottic compression is a common postoperative compensatory vocal behavior and may correlate with disease severity.
Drainage post‐thyroglossal duct remnant surgery: Possible source and analysis
Authors: Bakar Saraiza Abu , Martinez‐Alvernia Efrain A. , Mankarious Leila A. 
Published: February 2009

ObjectiveTo establish the distance between tongue base salivary tissue and hyoid. Also, to identify protein differences between thyroglossal duct (TGD) remnants and salivary tissue in order to distinguish drainage source post Sistrunk surgery.Methods/SettingThe anterior neck block was obtained from 10 adult cadavers with no known neck pathology. The distance between the normal salivary tissue and hyoid was measured histologically. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was then performed on 20 archived tissue blocks from pediatric patients post Sistrunk surgery to identify the presence of amylase, MUC5AC (tracheobronchial mucin), and MUC7 (salivary mucin) within the excised specimen.ResultsAverage distance between salivary tissue and the hyoid within adult human cadavers was 3.3 mm (range, 1.0‐4.2 mm). IHC revealed all excised TGD remnants contained amylase and MUC5AC but none contained MUC7. Both amylase and MUC7 were present within adjacent salivary tissues.ConclusionsSalivary tissue of the tongue base normally resides an average of 3.3 mm from the hyoid within the adult population. Biochemical analysis showed MUC5AC was specific for TGD remnants while MUC7 was specific for salivary tissue. Amylase does not distinguish between the two tissues.
Validation of the pharyngeal squeeze maneuver
Authors: Fuller Scott C. , Leonard Rebecca , Aminpour Shervin , Belafsky Peter C. 
Published: February 2009

ObjectiveThe pharyngeal squeeze maneuver (PSM) is a surrogate measure of pharyngeal strength on endoscopy. The validity of this measure has not been reported. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the validity of the PSM.Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.Subjects and MethodsSimultaneous endoscopic and fluoroscopic swallow evaluations were performed on a cohort of individuals with dysphagia. The PSM was compared to a validated measure of pharyngeal strength, the pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR). An elevated PCR indicates a weakened pharynx.ResultsThe mean PCR for subjects with an intact PSM was 0.06 (± 0.08), compared to a mean PCR of 0.31 (± 0.20) for individuals with an absent PSM. The PCR was significantly higher, indicating a weaker pharynx, in persons with an absent PSM (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe PCR is elevated in persons with a diminished pharyngeal squeeze. These data suggest the pharyngeal squeeze maneuver is a valid surrogate measure of pharyngeal motor integrity.
ON SOME WEIGHTED AVERAGE VALUES OF L-FUNCTIONS
Authors: SHPARLINSKI IGOR E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractLet q≥2 and N≥1 be integers. W. Zhang recently proved that for any fixed ε>0 and qε≤N≤q1/2−ε, where the sum is taken over all nonprincipal characters χ modulo q, L(1,χ) denotes the L-functions corresponding to χ, and αq=qo(1) is some explicit function of q. Here we improve this result and show that the same asymptotic formula holds in the essentially full range qε≤N≤q1−ε.
Effects of crop rotation and fallow residue management on maize growth, yield and soil carbon in a savannah-forest transition zone of Ghana
Authors: ADIKU S. G. K. , JONES J. W. , KUMAGA F. K. , TONYIGAH A. 
Published: February 2009

SUMMARYThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of seven maize (Zea mays)–fallow rotation and fallow residue management treatments on growth, maize yield and soil carbon within a savannah-forest farming zone of Ghana. Over a 4-year period, maize rotated with bare fallow (control) produced an average maize biomass and yield of 4·0 and 1·0 t/ha/yr, respectively. Maize rotated with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) with the fallow grass residue burning produced an average maize biomass and yield of 8·0 and 2·0 t/ha/yr, respectively. The removal of the fallow grass biomass (9·0 t/ha/yr) by burning resulted in a low total residue (maize stover+fallow residue) returned to the soil (7·0 t/ha/yr). The total residue returned to the soil was 14·0 t/ha/yr. Despite the larger total residue returned to the soil by the incorporation treatment, the performance of the maize was not significantly different from that of the fallow residue burning treatment. Maize rotated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), mucuna (Mucuna pruriens) or pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) produced similar maize biomass of 8·0 t/ha/yr and yields of 2·0 t/ha/yr, but with higher variability for the maize–cowpea rotation. Biomass produced by fallow cowpea, mucuna or pigeon pea were 4·0, 5·0 and 8·0 t/ha/yr, respectively, and total residues added to the soil were 13·0, 13·0 and 15·0 t/ha/yr, respectively. Maize–grass rotation with fertilizer application to the maize resulted in biomass and yield production of 11·0 and 3·0 t/ha/yr, respectively, and fallow grass production of 12·0 t/ha/yr. The total residue returned to the soil was 18·0 t/ha/yr. Soil organic carbon (SOC) declined under all treatments over time, with the control losing about 55% of the initial SOC by the end of the trial. The decline in SOC was 19% for the fertilized maize–grass rotation, but all other treatments lost between 33 and 44% SOC. Overall, the fertilized maize–grass and maize–pigeon pea rotations were identified as those that sustained relatively high maize yields, returned large residue amounts to the soil and minimized soil carbon loss.
Impaired fixation suppression is a risk factor for vertigo after cochlear implantation
Authors: Krause E , Wechtenbruch J , Rader T , Berghaus A , Gürkov R 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectives:To analyse the correlation between visual fixation suppression test results and the occurrence of post-operative vertigo in patients receiving a cochlear implant, and to compare this with other possible risk factors.Methods:In a prospective study setting, caloric vestibular responses, visual fixation suppression and subjective vertigo symptoms were assessed in 59 adult patients undergoing cochlear implantation. These parameters were compared in patients with post-operative vertigo versus vertigo-free patients.Results:Vertigo symptoms were reported by 49 per cent of patients. Thirty-nine per cent of the patients had a decrease in caloric response on the implanted side. There was no statistically significant difference between the two patient groups regarding canal paresis, age, sex, implanted electrode type, implant side, surgeon, cause of deafness, petrous bone computed tomography findings and incidence of pre-operative vertigo. Patients with post-operative vertigo had a significantly greater prevalence of insufficient visual fixation suppression. All patients who suffered long-term post-operative vertigo had insufficient visual fixation suppression.Conclusions:Pre-operative impaired visual fixation suppression is a major risk factor for the occurrence of vertigo after cochlear implantation.
‘Asceticising’ Monastic Families: Ascetic Genealogies, Property Feuds and Anglo-Hindu Law in Late Colonial India
Authors: KASTURI MALAVIKA 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper examines a fundamental premise of Anglo-Hindu law on succession between 1860 and 1940, that kinship was emblematic of secular modes of living, to analyse its implications for the assertion of masculinity within ascetic orders in northern India. Legal discourses engaged with rights to succession within ascetic orders, by functioning on the assumption that the renunciatory life of ascetics was antithetical to sexuality and domesticity. This institutionalization of law, that defined asceticism and fixed ascetic masculinities within a legal frame, occurred with the consent of ascetic orders concerned with the ownership and distribution of property, even though sexuality and gender played a central role in shaping relationships within sacred spaces. Myriad ties embracing the language of kinship shaped ascetic orders. Bonds of sentiment and sexual attachment over-lapped with, sustained, and produced the bonds tying spiritual preceptors to their disciples. Relationships within ascetic families, consisting of men, their female companions, children and relatives, along with their attendant obligations were validated through rights of ownership and inheritance to property. Taking advantage of Anglo-Hindu law by the early twentieth century, ascetic orders sought to ‘purify’ their genealogies through the medium of property disputes fought in colonial courts. By manipulating the legal meanings ascribed to asceticism, masculinity and renunciation, these orders effaced unwanted members from their orders with varying degrees of success, especially women and children.
The history of a “primary source”: The making of Tûghî's chronicle on the regicide of Osman II
Authors: Tezcan Baki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA short chronicle by a former janissary called Tûghî on the regicide of the Ottoman Sultan Osman II in 1622 had a definitive impact on seventeenth-century Ottoman historiography in terms of the way in which this regicide was recounted. This study examines the formation of Tûghî's chronicle and shows how within the course of the year following the regicide, Tûghî's initial attitude, which recognized the collective responsibility of the military caste (kul) in the murder of Osman, evolved into a claim of their innocence. The chronicle of Tûghî is extant in successive editions of his own. A careful examination of these editions makes it possible to follow the evolution of Tûghî's narrative on the regicide in response to the historical developments in its immediate aftermath and thus witness both the evolution of a “primary source” and the gradual political sophistication of a janissary.
Not the Lun yu: The Chu script bamboo slip manuscript, Zigao, and the nature of early Confucianism
Authors: Allan Sarah 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis article includes a line-by-line translation and textual analysis of the Warring States period Chu script bamboo slip manuscript, Zigao 子羔. It argues that the manuscript differs from the transmitted Confucian tradition, but would have been considered a ru 儒 (“Confucian”) text. Unusual features include: (1) The disciple is Zigao, who is described negatively in the Lun yu. (2) The term tian zi 天子, “son-of-sky/heaven” is used literally, to refer to the divinely conceived progenitors of the three royal lineages. (3) The term san wang, “three kings”, refers to these progenitors rather than the founding rulers. (4) Confucius advocates abdication. (5) The progenitors of the dynastic lineages, rather than the founding rulers, are juxtaposed to Shun 舜, who received the rule from Yao because of his merit. A Chinese edition, with direct transcriptions and alternative readings of the Chu script graphs, is appended.
A characterization ofω-limit sets in shift spaces
Authors: BARWELL ANDREW , GOOD CHRIS , KNIGHT ROBIN , RAINES BRIAN E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA set Λ isinternally chain transitiveif for anyx,y∈Λ and ϵ>0 there is an ϵ-pseudo-orbit in Λ betweenxandy. In this paper we characterize allω-limit sets in shifts of finite type by showing that, if Λ is a closed, strongly shift-invariant subset of a shift of finite type,X, then there is a pointz∈Xwithω(z)=Λ if and only if Λ is internally chain transitive. It follows immediately that any closed, strongly shift-invariant, internally chain transitive subset of a shift space over some alphabet ℬ is theω-limit set of some point in the full shift space over ℬ. We use similar techniques to prove that, for a tent mapf, a closed, stronglyf-invariant, internally chain transitive subset of the interval is theω-limit set of a point provided it does not contain the image of the critical point. We give an example of a sofic shift spaceZ𝒢(a factor of a shift space of finite type) that is not of finite type that has an internally chain transitive subset that is not theω-limit set of any point inZ𝒢.
Prospective evaluation of latent tuberculosis with interferon-γ release assays in drug and alcohol abusers
Authors: RIVAS I. , LATORRE I. , SANVISENS A. , DOMÍNGUEZ J. , TOR J. , PRAT C. , REY-JOLY C. , MUGA R. 
Published: February 2009

SUMMARYIn vitro tests have been developed for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) infection. The objective was to analyse latent TB infection in drug and alcohol abusers through two interferon-γ techniques. One hundred and thirty-nine patients were admitted between February 2006 and May 2007. Mean age was 39·8 years [31% HIV positive]. The enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) interferon-γ assays were positive in 34% of patients with an agreement of 83% (κ=0·63). Tuberculin skin test (TST) was positive in 29% of patients and the agreement of TST with EIA and ELISPOT interferon-γ assays was 85% (κ=0·62) and 83% (κ=0·57), respectively. Almost 50% of patients with history of TB had a positive in vitro test. In conclusion, we observed a high prevalence of latent TB and good agreement between the new in vitro tests that otherwise may continue to be positive long after developing TB disease.
The naming impairment of living and nonliving items in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Montanes Patricia , Goldblum Marie Claire , Boller Francois 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSeveral studies of semantic abilities in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (DAT) suggest that their semantic disorders may affect specific categories of knowledge. In particular, the existence of a category-specific semantic impairment affecting, selectively, living things has frequently been reported in association with DAT. We report here results from two naming tasks of 25 DAT patients and two subgroups within this population. The first naming task used 48 black and white line drawings from Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980) which controlled the visual complexity of stimuli from living and nonliving categories. The second task used 44 colored pictures (to assess the influence of word frequency in living vs. nonliving categories). Within the set of black and white pictures, both DAT patients and controls obtained significantly lower scores on high visual complexity stimuli than on stimuli of low visual complexity. A clear effect of semantic category emerged for DAT patients and controls, with a lower performance on the living category. Within the colored set, pictures corresponding to high frequency words gave rise to significantly higher scores than pictures corresponding to low frequency words. No significant difference emerged between living versus nonliving categories, either in DAT patients or in controls. In the two tasks, the two subgroups of DAT patients presented a different profile of performance and error type. As color constitutes the main difference between the two sets of pictures, our results point to the relevance of this cue in the processing of semantic information, with visual complexity and frequency also being very relevant. (JINS, 1995, I, 39–48.)
Simple reaction time as a measure of global attention in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Sano Mary , Rosen Wilma , Stern Yaakov , Rosen Jeffrey , Mayeux Richard 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive decline in memory, language and other cognitive functions. Deficits in attentional processes have also been suggested. A simple reaction time (RT) task was used to assess global attention in AD. The length and consistency of a warning signal given prior to the response stimulus were manipulated to determine if patients with AD and age-matched controls benefit from predictability in RT tasks. Overall reaction time was slower in the AD group than in the and control group. Both groups demonstrated significant improvement in RT with long warning signals compared to short warning signals, but only the control group benefited from the consistency of the warning. (JINS, 1995, I, 56–61.)
One year psychosocial outcome in head injury
Authors: Dikmen Sureyya S. , Ross Barbara L. , Machamer Joan E. , Temkin Nancy R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPsychosocial outcome at one year post-injury was examined prospectively in 466 hospitalized head-injured subjects, 124 trauma controls, and 88 friend controls. The results indicate that head injury is associated with persistent psychosocial limitations. However, the presence and extent of limitations are related to the demographics of the population injured, to other system injuries sustained in the same accident, and particularly to the severity of the head injury. More severe head injuries are associated with limitations implying greater dependence on others including poorer Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) ratings, dependent living, unemployment, low income, and reliance on family and social subsidy systems. Head injury severity is more closely related to more objective indices of psychosocial outcome (e.g., employment) than to self-perceived psychosocial limitations, such as measured by the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). (JINS, 1995, I, 67–77.)
Verbal learning and memory following pediatric closed-head injury
Authors: Yeates Keith Owen , Blumenstein Elliot , Patterson Carolyn M. , Delis Dean C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this study, verbal learning and memory following pediatric closed-head injuries (CHI) using the children's version of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Participants included 47 children, ages 5–16 yr, with a history of CHI, and 47 matched, noninjured controls. Children with CHI performed more poorly than controls on the CVLT, although their deficits varied qualitatively as a function of injury severity. Those with mild/moderate injuries performed as well as controls on learning trials, but they recalled proportionally fewer words after a delay (although their recognition was intact). Severely injured children demonstrated deficits in learning, delayed recall, and recognition, compared to controls. The groups did not differ in learning characteristics, but children with severe CHI exhibited more intrusions than controls. Pediatric CHI are associated with specific disturbances in verbal learning and memory similar to those of adults with CHI but different from those of children with other developmental and neurological disorders.JINS, 1995,I, 78–87.)