bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulated Perovskite Crystallization for Efficient Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes via Interfacial Molecular Network
Authors: Wang Lu , Su Zhen‐Huang , Shen Yang , Feng Shi‐Chi , Xie Feng‐Ming , Zhang Kai , Meng Ke‐Fan , Gao Xingyu , Tang Jian‐Xin , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are gaining increasing attention as a promising candidate for the new‐generation display technology. Although tremendous progress has been witnessed in this field, the device performance of blue PeLEDs still lags far behind that of the green and red counterparts. In this work, an effective interfacial engineering is employed to boost the radiative recombination of blue perovskite film by introducing a multifunctional tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) network on the grain‐growth substrate. Benefitting from the strong interaction between the TEOS molecule and perovskite nuclei, the perovskite crystallization dynamics are effectively regulated, contributing to significantly improved emitting film with uniformly distributed halogen and concentrated low‐dimensional domain. Additionally, the TEOS network can distinctly passivate the crystal defects at the buried perovskite interface owing to its adequate electron‐donating sites. Consequently, the target blue PeLEDs featuring a stable emission peak at 488 nm exhibit a champion external quantum efficiency of 17.3%, which is among the highest values to date. The results demonstrate the critical role of the surface molecular characteristics of the grain‐growth substrate in regulating the mixed‐halide blue perovskite crystallization.
Internal Encapsulation Strategy Using a Polymer Enables Efficient, Stable, and Lead‐Safe Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Dong Hongye , Shen Guibin , Fang Haohui , Li Yiyi , Gao Xiaowen , Song Qili , Xu Xiangning , Wang Yi , Mu Cheng , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSignificant progress is made in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the potential issue of lead leakage creates a critical challenge to its commercialization. Therefore, a convenient internal encapsulation strategy is proposed by introducing a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) polymer at the perovskite/electron transport layer interface. This strategy enhances the performance of PSCs and effectively suppresses lead leakage. The introduced PVB layer plays a crucial role in mitigating ion migration, optimizing energy levels, and preventing moisture penetration. Thus, PSCs with PVB modifications generally perform better, with an improved PCE of 22.47% and reduced hysteresis. Furthermore, these modified devices exhibit enhanced stability under light soaking and thermal stress, effectively mitigating lead leakage. This innovative approach not only enhances the efficiency of PSCs but also addresses the challenges associated with lead leakage, paving the way for more sustainable and commercially viable solar cell technologies.
Gain Enhancement and Ground Plane Immunity of Mechanically Driven Thin‐Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator Magnetoelectric Antenna Arrays
Authors: Luo Bin , Liang Xianfeng , Chen Huaihao , Sun Neville , Lin Hwaider , Sun Nian‐Xiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCompact, conformal antennas with ground plane immunity and high gain are crucial to IoT, 5G, and biomedical applications. Conventional electrical antennas suffer large size, detuned impedance, and degraded gain and radiation efficiency on a ground plane as they operate on electromagnetic resonance and use electric dipole for radiation. Utilizing electromechanical resonance, magnetoelectric(ME) coupling, and magnetic dipole radiation in magnetostrictive/piezoelectric heterostructures, ME antennas exhibit ultra‐compact sizes comparable to acoustic wavelength and enhanced radiation performance on a ground plane. This study first utilizes parallel and series antenna array topology to achieve a profound gain and radiation efficiency enhancement without degrading impedance mismatch and quality factor of ME resonators. Notably, by increasing the array element number, 10 dBi gain enhancement is achieved in 3 × 3 thin‐film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) ME antenna array, reaching a peak antenna gain of −17.3 dBi. Unlike conventional antenna arrays, ME antenna arrays enhance radiation efficiency without affecting directivity, owing to ultra‐compact dimensions much less than one‐quarter of electromagnetic wavelength. Their ground plane immunity and 3 dB gain enhancement on ground planes with different shapes are also demonstrated. The demonstrated ME antenna arrays are outstanding platform‐independent ultra‐compact high‐gain conformal antenna candidates for wireless communication, wireless power transfer, and portable electronic and biomedical devices.
Rational Design of TaON/Potassium Poly(Heptazine Imide) Heterostructure for Multifunctional Environmental Remediation
Authors: Lian Xinyi , Pelicano Christian Mark , Huang Zongyi , Yi Xiaodong , Savateev Aleksandr , Antonietti Markus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTantalum oxynitride (TaON) has recently attracted much attention due to its excellent performance as a semiconductor. However, its shortage in separation of photogenerated charges hinders the wide application, which, fortunately, can be made up by forming heterojunctions with other photocatalysts. In this study, the rational design of an inorganic‐organic TaON/potassium poly (heptazine imide) (KPHI) heterojunction is reported to separate the photo charges on the two sides of this dyadic structure. The incorporation of 20 wt.% TaON into KPHI resulted not only in H2 generation but also in a wider set of environmental remediation applications under visible light, including Cr(VI) reduction and degradation of otherwise resilient antibiotics. 20TaON/KPHI effectively reduced 17.5 ppm Cr(VI) solution in 35 min under low‐power blue light irradiation with a rate constant which is ≈6 and 30 times higher than that of pristine KPHI and TaON, respectively. Moreover, the composite demonstrated a 2‐ and 40‐fold increase in H2 evolution rate in comparison to pure KPHI and TaON, respectively. This remarkable enhancement in photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the efficient electron‐hole separation and formation of an effective Z‐scheme heterojunction. This work offers a new paradigm for designing efficient photocatalytic systems for environmental applications under low‐power LED and natural sunlight.
From Polyester Plastics to Diverse Monomers via Low‐Energy Upcycling
Authors: Ji Lei , Meng Jiaolong , Li Chengliang , Wang Ming , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolyester plastics, constituting over 10% of the total plastic production, are widely used in packaging, fiber, single‐use beverage bottles, etc. However, their current depolymerization processes face challenges such as non‐broad spectrum recyclability, lack of diversified high‐value‐added depolymerization products, and crucially high energy consumption. Herein, an efficient strategy is developed for dismantling the compact structure of polyester plastics to achieve diverse monomer recovery. Polyester plastics undergo swelling and decrystallization with a low depolymerization energy barrier via synergistic effects of polyfluorine/hydrogen bonding, which is further demonstrated via density functional theory calculations. The swelling process is elucidated through scanning electron microscopy analysis. Obvious destruction of the crystalline region is demonstrated through X‐ray crystal diffractometry curves. PET undergoes different aminolysis efficiently, yielding nine corresponding high‐value‐added monomers via low‐energy upcycling. Furthermore, four types of polyester plastics and five types of blended polyester plastics are closed‐loop recycled, affording diverse monomers with exceeding 90% yields. Kilogram‐scale depolymerization of real polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste plastics is successfully achieved with a 96% yield.
Effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on short‐term postoperative outcomes of emergency surgery for gastroduodenal perforation: A nationwide study in Japan based on the National Clinical Database
Authors: Ogawa Shimpei , Endo Hideki , Yoshida Masahiro , Tsuru Tomomitsu , Itabashi Michio , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Ueno Hideki , Kitagawa Yuko , Hibi Taizo , Taketomi Akinobu , Ikeda Norihiko , Mori Masaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the potential negative effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on short‐term postoperative outcomes of emergency surgery for gastroduodenal perforation in Japan.MethodsA total of 7973 cases of gastroduodenal perforation from 2019 to 2021 were retrieved from the National Clinical Database (NCD), which includes >95% of surgical cases in Japan. Data were analyzed nationally and in subgroups for subjects in areas with high infection levels (HILs). Postoperative 30‐d mortality, surgical mortality, and complications (Clavien–Dindo (CD) grade ≥3) were examined. Months were considered to have significantly high or low mortality or complication rates, if the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the standardized mortality (morbidity) ratio (SMR) does not contain 1.ResultsNationally, data from 2019 vs 2020 and 2021 showed 30‐d mortality of 175 (6.7%) vs 398 (7.4%), surgical mortality of 250 (9.5%) vs 537 (10.1%), and complications (CD ≥3) of 558 (21.2%) vs 1163 (21.8%). Among these data, the only significantly high SMR was found for complications in July 2020 (1.36 [95% CI: 1.001–1.80]). In areas with HILs, data from 2019 vs 2020 and 2021 indicated 30‐d mortality of 91 (6.3%) vs 215 (7.3%), surgical mortality of 135 (9.4%) vs 294 (10.0%), and complications (CD ≥3) of 304 (21.1%) vs (23.1%). In these data, no month had a significantly high SMR.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic had few negative effects on outcomes after surgery for gastroduodenal perforation. These findings suggest that the emergency system for gastroduodenal perforation in Japan was generally maintained during the pandemic.
Solid‐state room‐temperature phosphorescence activated by the end‐capping strategy of cyano groups
Authors: Yu Jia‐Lin , Chen Zhaojun , Zhu Yu‐Qi , Jin Yu‐Long , Wang Xin , Wu Ming‐Xue , Wang Xing‐Huo , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAvoiding the tedious process of crystal cultivation and directly obtaining organic crystals with desirable phosphorescent performance is of great significance for studying their structure and properties. Herein, a set of benzophenone‐cored phosphors with bright green afterglow are obtained on a large scale through in‐situ generation via an end‐capping strategy to suppress non‐radiative triplet excitons and reinforce the intermolecular interactions. The ordered arrangement of phosphors with alkyl‐cyano groups as regulators is crucial for the enhancement of room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emission, which has been further verified by the attenuated lifetimes in isolated states through the formation of inclusion complexes upon binding with pillar[5]arenes. Moreover, the hierarchical interactions of phosphors, including hydrogen bonding, π‐π stacking interactions, and van der Waals forces, are quantified by crystal structures and theoretical calculation to deeply interpret the origins of RTP emission. With this study, we provide a potential strategy for the direct acquisition of crystalline organic phosphors and modulation of RTP.
Health‐related quality of life in transplant‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with daratumumab, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone: Patient‐reported outcomes from GRIFFIN
Authors: Silbermann Rebecca , Laubach Jacob , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Sborov Douglas W. , Reeves Brandi , Rodriguez Cesar , Chari Ajai , Costa Luciano J. , Anderson Larry D. , Nathwani Nitya , Shah Nina , Bumma Naresh , Holstein Sarah A. , Costello Caitlin , Jakubowiak Andrzej , Orlowski Robert Z. , Shain Kenneth H. , Cowan Andrew J. , Gries Katharine S. , Pei Huiling , Cortoos Annelore , Patel Sharmila , Lin Thomas S. , Voorhees Peter M. , Usmani Saad Z. , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the phase 2 GRIFFIN trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02874742), daratumumab added to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (D‐RVd) improved depth of response and progression‐free survival (PFS) versus lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (RVd) alone in transplant‐eligible (TE) patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Here, we present patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) collected using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30‐item (QLQ‐C30), EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Multiple Myeloma Module 20‐item (QLQ‐MY20), and EuroQol 5‐Dimension 5‐Level (EQ‐5D‐5L) tools on day 1 of cycles 1, 2, and 3; on day 21 of cycle 4 (end of induction therapy); on day 1 of cycle 5; on day 21 of cycle 6 (end of posttransplant consolidation therapy); and at months 6, 12, 18, and 24 of maintenance therapy. Meaningful improvements from baseline were seen in most of the PRO scales with both treatments after consolidation and were sustained for at least 2 years of maintenance treatment. Large reductions from baseline (~20 points) were especially observed in pain symptoms for both treatment groups, although these were numerically higher for patients receiving D‐RVd during the majority of the time points. In addition, improvements in key scales, such as global health status, fatigue symptoms, and physical functioning, were also seen with both D‐RVd and RVd. These improvements in health‐related quality of life contribute to the totality of evidence supporting the improvement in clinical outcomes such as response rates and PFS with D‐RVd in induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy in TE patients with NDMM.
High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a means of assessing the presence of uric acid in archeological human remains: Challenges and future directions
Authors: Buckberry Jo , Telford Richard , Castells Navarro Laura , Snaith John , Swinson David , Healey Andrew , Brickley Megan B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis research aimed to replicate the Swinson, D., Snaith, J., Buckberry, J., & Brickley, M. (2010). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the investigation of gout in paleopathology. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 20, 135–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/oa.1009 method for detecting uric acid in archeological human remains to investigate gout in past populations and to improve the original High Performance Liquid Chromatography‐ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) method by using HPLC‐mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS), a more sensitive, compound‐specific detection method.Materials and MethodsWe used reference samples of uric acid to create a dilution series to assess the limits of quantification and detection. Samples from individuals with and without gout lesions were taken from foot bones and ribs from the English cemeteries of Tanyard, Hickleton, Gloucester, and Lincoln.ResultsWe could not replicate the results of Swinson and colleagues using HPLC‐UV. Tests using a dilution series of uric acid showed HPLC‐MS was approximately 100× more sensitive than HPLC‐UV, with the additional benefit of being compound specific. A newly developed hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) method improved retention characteristics. Fourteen samples from eight individuals, five with skeletal lesions consistent with gout, were analyzed with the final method. None showed evidence of uric acid despite the newly developed method's improved sensitivity and specificity.DiscussionThe lack of detectable uric acid extracted from these samples suggests that (1) urate crystals were not present in any of the bone samples, regardless of gout status; (2) urate crystals did not survive these specific archeological conditions; or (3) the concentration of uric acid in our bone extracts was low, and thus larger samples would be required.
Peripheral HMGB1 is linked to O3 pathology of disease‐associated astrocytes and amyloid
Authors: Ahmed Chandrama , Greve Hendrik J. , Garza‐Lombo Carla , Malley Jamie A. , Johnson James A. , Oblak Adrian L. , Block Michelle L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONOzone (O3) is an air pollutant associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. The lung–brain axis is implicated in O3‐associated glial and amyloid pathobiology; however, the role of disease‐associated astrocytes (DAAs) in this process remains unknown.METHODSThe O3‐induced astrocyte phenotype was characterized in 5xFAD mice by spatial transcriptomics and proteomics. Hmgb1fl/fl LysM‐Cre+ mice were used to assess the role of peripheral myeloid cell high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1).RESULTSO3 increased astrocyte and plaque numbers, impeded the astrocyte proteomic response to plaque deposition, augmented the DAA transcriptional fingerprint, increased astrocyte–microglia contact, and reduced bronchoalveolar lavage immune cell HMGB1 expression in 5xFAD mice. O3‐exposed Hmgb1fl/fl LysM‐Cre+ mice exhibited dysregulated DAA mRNA markers.DISCUSSIONAstrocytes and peripheral myeloid cells are critical lung–brain axis interactors. HMGB1 loss in peripheral myeloid cells regulates the O3‐induced DAA phenotype. These findings demonstrate a mechanism and potential intervention target for air pollution–induced AD pathobiology.Highlights
Astrocytes are part of the lung–brain axis, regulating how air pollution affects plaque pathology.
Ozone (O3) astrocyte effects are associated with increased plaques and modified by plaque localization.
O3 uniquely disrupts the astrocyte transcriptomic and proteomic disease‐associated astrocyte (DAA) phenotype in plaque associated astrocytes (PAA).
O3 changes the PAA cell contact with microglia and cell–cell communication gene expression.
Peripheral myeloid cell high mobility group box 1 regulates O3‐induced transcriptomic changes in the DAA phenotype.
Electrochemical Asymmetric Radical Functionalization of Aldehydes Enabled by a Redox Shuttle
Authors: Mazzarella Daniele , Qi Chun , Vanzella Michael , Sartorel Andrea , Pelosi Giorgio , Dell'Amico Luca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAminocatalysis is a well‐established tool that enables the production of enantioenriched compounds under mild conditions. Its versatility is underscored by its seamless integration with various synthetic approaches. While the combination of aminocatalysis with metal catalysis, photochemistry, and stoichiometric oxidants has been extensively explored, its synergy with electrochemical activation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we present the successful merger of electrochemistry and aminocatalysis to perform SOMO‐type transformations, expanding the toolkit for asymmetric electrochemical synthesis. The methodology harnesses electricity to drive the oxidation of catalytically generated enamines, which ultimately partake in enantioselective radical processes, leading to α‐alkylated aldehydes. Crucially, mechanistic studies highlight how this electrochemical strategy is enabled by the use of a redox shuttle, 4,4′‐dimethoxybiphenyl, to prevent catalyst degradation and furnishing the coveted compounds in good yield and high enantioselectivity.
Alveoli‐Inspired Carbon Cathodes with Interconnected Porous Structure and Asymmetric Coordinated Vanadium Sites for Superior Li−S Batteries
Authors: Yan Rui , Zhao Zhenyang , Zhu Ran , Wu Min , Liu Xu , Adeli Mohsen , Yin Bo , Cheng Chong , Li Shuang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAccelerating sulfur conversion catalysis to alleviate the shuttle effect has become a novel paradigm for effective Li−S batteries. Although nitrogen‐coordinated metal single‐atom (M−N4) catalysts have been investigated, further optimizing its utilization rate and catalytic activities is urgently needed for practical applications. Inspired by the natural alveoli tissue with interconnected structure and well‐distributed enzyme catalytic sites on the wall for the simultaneously fast diffusion and in situ catalytic conversion of substrates, here, we proposed the controllable synthesis of bioinspired carbon cathode with interconnected porous structure and asymmetric coordinated V−S1N3 sites for efficient and stable Li−S batteries. The enzyme‐mimetic V−S1N3 shows asymmetric electronic distribution and high tunability, therefore enhancing in situ polysulfide conversion activities. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the high charge asymmetry degree and large atom radius of S in V−S1N3 result in sloping adsorption for polysulfide, thereby exhibiting low thermodynamic energy barriers and long‐range stability (0.076 % decay over 600 cycles).
Breaking Highly Ordered PtPbBi Intermetallic with Disordered Amorphous Phase for Boosting Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Alcohol Oxidation
Authors: Feng Fukai , Ma Chaoqun , Han Sumei , Ma Xiao , He Caihong , Zhang Huaifang , Cao Wenbin , Meng Xiangmin , Xia Jing , Zhu Lijie , Tian Yahui , Wang Qi , Yun Qinbai , Lu Qipeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConstructing amorphous/intermetallic (A/IMC) heterophase structures by breaking the highly ordered IMC phase with disordered amorphous phase is an effective way to improve the electrocatalytic performance of noble metal‐based IMC electrocatalysts because of the optimized electronic structure and abundant heterophase boundaries as active sites. In this study, we report the synthesis of ultrathin A/IMC PtPbBi nanosheets (NSs) for boosting hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and alcohol oxidation reactions. The resulting A/IMC PtPbBi NSs exhibit a remarkably low overpotential of only 25 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for the HER in an acidic electrolyte, together with outstanding stability for 100 h. In addition, the PtPbBi NSs show high mass activities for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), which are 13.2 and 14.5 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C, respectively. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the synergistic effect of amorphous/intermetallic components and multimetallic composition facilitate the electron transfer from the catalyst to key intermediates, thus improving the catalytic activity of MOR. This work establishes a novel pathway for the synthesis of heterophase two‐dimensional nanomaterials with high electrocatalytic performance across a wide range of electrochemical applications.
Ternary Complex‐Templated Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry for the Selection and Identification of Homo‐PROTACs
Authors: Diehl Claudia J. , Salerno Alessandra , Ciulli Alessio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) leverages a reversible reaction to generate compound libraries from constituting building blocks under thermodynamic control. The position of this equilibrium can be biased by addition of a target macromolecule towards enrichment of bound ligands. While DCC has been applied to select ligands for a single target protein, its application to identifying chimeric molecules inducing proximity between two proteins is unprecedented. In this proof‐of‐concept study, we develop a DCC approach to select bifunctional proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) based on their ability to stabilize the ternary complex. We focus on VHL‐targeting Homo‐PROTACs as model system, and show that the formation of a VHL2 : Homo‐PROTAC ternary complex reversibly assembled using thiol‐disulfide exchange chemistry leads to amplification of potent VHL Homo‐PROTACs with degradation activities which correlated well with their biophysical ability to dimerize VHL. Ternary complex templated dynamic combinatorial libraries allowed identification of novel Homo‐PROTAC degraders. We anticipate future applications of ternary‐complex directed DCC to early PROTAC screenings and expansion to other proximity‐inducing modalities beyond PROTACs.