bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior Tenting vs. Wrapping Technique for Acellular Dermal Matrix in Breast Reconstruction under Post-mastectomy Radiotherapy in Rats
Authors: Kim Ji-Young , Jin Ung Sik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study compares outcomes between anterior tenting and whole wrapping techniques in prepectoral breast reconstruction using ADM. Fifteen rats were divided into control, anterior tenting, and whole wrapping groups, each receiving two silicone implants. Only silicone implants were placed in the control group. The anterior surface of the implants was covered with ADM in the anterior tenting group, whereas the implants were fully wrapped with ADM in the whole wrapping group. Animals were irradiated on one side of the back three weeks postoperatively and sacrificed three months postoperatively. The range of change in tonometry values with or without irradiation in whole wrapping tended to be larger than that of anterior tenting (p < 0.05). The cellular capsule was significantly thinner on the side covered by ADM (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences observed in the other microscopic features of the cellular capsule. The microscopic analysis of ADM revealed significant increases in total capsule thickness and collagen density with radiation exposure, while a significant decrease was observed in ⍺-SMA positive area, CD3 positive cell counts and F4/80 positive area (p < 0.05). In patients with the possibility of adjuvant radiation therapy, the anterior tenting technique is recommended over whole wrapping.
Oxygen evolution reaction on IrO2(110) is governed by Walden-type mechanisms
Authors: Exner Kai S. , Usama Muhammad , Razzaq Samad , Hattig Christof 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key process for sustainable energy, although renewable sources require the use of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers, with IrO2-based materials being the gold standard due to their high activity and stability under dynamic anodic polarization conditions. However, even for the (110) facet of a single-crystalline IrO2 model electrode, the reaction mechanism is not settled yet due to contradictory reports in literature. In the present manuscript, we disentangle the conflicting results of previous theoretical studies in the density functional theory approximation. We demonstrate that dissimilar reaction mechanisms and limiting steps for the OER over IrO2(110) are obtained for different active surface configurations present on the IrO2 electrode. In contrast to previous studies, we factor Walden-type mechanisms, in which the formation of the product O2 and adsorption of the reactant H2O occur simultaneously, into the analysis of the elementary steps. Combining free-energy diagrams along the reaction coordinate and Bader charge analysis of the active site under constant potential, we elucidate why mononuclear- or bifunctional-Walden pathways excel the traditional OER mechanisms for the OER over IrO2(110). Our computational methodology to identify the reaction mechanism and limiting step of proton-coupled electron transfer steps is universally applicable to electrochemical processes in the field of energy conversion and storage.
Self-organizing neuromorphic nanowire networks are stochastic dynamical systems
Authors: Milano Gianluca , Michieletti Fabio , Ricciardi Carlo , Miranda Enrique 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Neuromorphic computing aims to develop software and hardware platforms emulating the information processing effectiveness of our brain. In this context, self-organizing neuromorphic nanonetworks have been demonstrated as suitable physical substrates for in materia implementation of unconventional computing paradigms, like reservoir computing. However, understanding the relationship between emergent dynamics and information processing capabilities still represents a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that nanowire-based neuromorphic networks are stochastic dynamical systems where the signals flow relies on the intertwined action of deterministic and random factors. We show through an experimental and modeling approach that these systems combine stimuli-dependent deterministic trajectories and random effects caused by noise and jumps that can be holistically described by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, providing a unifying framework surpassing current modeling approaches of self-organizing neuromorphic nanonetworks (not only nanowire-based) that are limited to either deterministic or stochastic effects. Since information processing capabilities can be dynamically tuned by controlling the network’s attractor memory state, these results open new perspectives for the rational development of physical computing paradigms exploiting deterministic and stochastic dynamics in a single hardware platform similarly to our brain.
Case report ： A case misdiagnosed as cystic echinococcosis in alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Zhao HongYu , Cai JunJie , Wang JingJing , Zhou Ying , Wang Zhan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Echinococcosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases among humans and animals worldwide, with the most prominent in the northwest region of China. According to different types of infected larvae, it can be divided into cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis. Both types of infected organs are most common in the liver. Here we report a 49 years old female patient with hepatic cystic echinococcosis who was initially misdiagnosed as hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE1) due to her imaging findings being very similar to those of cystic echinococcosis. After further examination and literature review, we were ultimately diagnosed with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (P4), which was confirmed by surgery and postoperative pathology. In the article, we use MRI and MRCP as recommendations for distinguishing the two, which can efficiently help us distinguish them and avoid misdiagnosis.
Presentation:
We report a 49 year old female patient residing in an area with a high incidence of hydatid disease. She was admitted with the chief complaint of "persistent swelling and pain in the upper right abdomen for more than half a month". Prior to admission, the abdominal CT result diagnosed her with hepatic cystic echinococcosis CE1 type, which was a huge liver mass of 13.5cm * 13cm * 14cm. After admission, a comprehensive MRI and MRCP imaging examination was performed, and the results were different from CT. The diagnosis was P4 stage cystic cystic echinococcosis in the right lobe of the liver. Through literature review and general practice discussions, we ultimately diagnosed with P4 type of cystic cystic echinococcosis in the right lobe of the liver, and actively prepared for surgery. Due to the large size of the patient's liver lesion, the risk of surgery was assessed to be high. We first performed percutaneous liver puncture under ultrasound to drain the cystic fluid of the lesion. After the lesion collapsed, we finally performed a right hemihepatectomy. The surgery went smoothly and the patient recovered well, and was discharged as scheduled. After intraoperative and postoperative pathological diagnosis, it was confirmed that our diagnosis and treatment were correct and misdiagnosis was avoided.
Conclusion
when faced with difficult to distinguish AE and CE, MRI and MRCP may be the best choices to solve the problem, as they can effectively avoid misdiagnosis.
FedGPD: Global Prototype Distillation InHeterogeneous Federated Learning
Authors: Wu Shu , Chen Jindou , Nie Xueli , Wang Yong , Zhou Xiancun , Lu Linlin , Peng Wei , Nie Yao , Menhaj Waseef 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm where the goal is to collaboratively train a high quality globalmodel while private training data remains local over distributed clients. However, heterogenous data distribution over clientsis severely challenging for federated learning system, which severely damage the quality of model. In order to address thischallenge, global prototype distillation (FedGPD) for heterogenous federated learning is proposed to improve performance ofglobal model. The intuition is to use global class prototypes as knowledge to instruct local training on client side. Eventually,local objectives will be consistent with the global optima so that FedGPD learns an improved global model. Experiments showthat FedGPD outperforms previous state-of-art methods at the cost of a slight communication overhead.
Pancreatic surgery is safe in elder patients with PDAC
Authors: Zhang Yueming , Han Siyang , Xu Yaolin , Liu Liang , Wu Wenchuan , Zhang Lei , Shi chenye , Song Chao , Wang Dansong , Lou Wenhui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: In aging society, more and more elder people is diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), unfortunately, these patients didn’t receive proper treatment compared to the non-elderly. Currently, there is controversy on whether surgery is safe in elderly pancreatic cancer patients.
Methods: This single center, large scale retrospective study included PDAC patients receiving radical resection from 2012 to 2021 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Patients were divided into non-elderly (<70) and elderly groups (≥70). We analyzed operation-related factors and postoperative complications between the two groups. And subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of inflammatory-nutritional status on the elderly and the non-elderly patients.
Results: A total of 892 pancreatic cancer patients received radical resection was included, with 256 elderly and 636 non-elderly patients. Our study showed that the elderly pancreatic cancer patients had earlier eighth edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (8th AJCC) T stage (T3+T4, 10.59% vs 18.71%) and N stage (N0, 68.24% vs 55.22%), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade (grade 2+ grade 3, 92.58% vs 87.70%), lower inflammatory markers (lymphocyte and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio) and poorer nutritional status (total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, transferrin, platelet). The incidence of post-operative complications (reoperation, postoperative pancreatic fistula, pulmonary embolism, surgery site infection and post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage) was comparable between the two groups, except for delayed gastric emptying (16.41% vs 22.83%, p=0.036). Moreover, poorer inflammatory-nutritional status was often associated with more complicated surgical procedure (longer surgical durations, higher intraoperative blood loss, and more resected lymph nodes), especially in non-elderly patients.
Conclusion: With detailed preoperative evaluation and careful postoperative care, pancreatic surgery is safe for elderly patients in experienced pancreatic cancer center.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of an Intelligent Sugarcane Stem Node Recognition System based on Enhanced YOLOv5s
Authors: Dai Jiuxiang , Luo Yangfan , Shi Shenye , Yang Dantong , Zhao Zuoxi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The rapid and accurate identification of sugarcane internodes is of great significance for tasks such as field operations and precision management in the sugarcane industry, and it is also a fundamental task for the intelligence of the sugarcane industry. However, in complex field environments, traditional image processing techniques have low accuracy, efficiency, and are mainly limited to server-side processing. Meanwhile, the sugarcane industry requires a large amount of manual involvement, leading to high labor costs. In response to the aforementioned issues, this paper employed YOLOv5s as the original model algorithm, incorporated the K-means clustering algorithm, and added the CBAM attention module and VarifocalNet mechanism to the algorithm. The improved model is referred to as YOLOv5s-KCV. We implemented the YOLOv5s-KCV algorithm on Jetson TX2 edge computing devices with a well-configured runtime environment, completing the design and development of a real-time sugarcane internode identification system. Through ablation experiments, comparative experiments of various mainstream visual recognition network models, and performance experiments conducted in the field, the effectiveness of the proposed improvement method and the developed real-time sugarcane internode identification system were verified. The experimental results demonstrate that the improvement method of YOLOv5s-KCV is effective, with an algorithm recognition accuracy of 89.89%, a recall rate of 89.95%, and an mAP value of 92.16%, which respectively increased by 6.66%, 5.92%, and 7.44% compared to YOLOv5s. The system underwent performance testing in various weather conditions and at different times in the field, achieving a minimum recognition accuracy of sugarcane internodes of 93.5%. Therefore, the developed system in this paper can achieve real-time and accurate identification of sugarcane internodes in field environments, providing new insights for related work in sugarcane field industries.
Antioxidant and antiglycant properties of different milling fractions of Neltuma ruscifolia, an underutilized species
Authors: Seling Giuliana Silvina , Rivero Roy Cristian , Busch Verónica María , Buera M Pilar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Within the group of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) is Neltuma ruscifolia (formerly Prosopis), belonging to the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), commonly known as carob trees but unlike other species, it does not have an established or formally defined commercial value. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and antiglycant properties, as well as to identify associated bioactive compounds, in extracts derived from different extraction methods (ultrasound and agitation) and grinding fractions of pods of Neltuma ruscifolia, a NUS species. The results showed that the residue fraction extracted by high-intensity ultrasound exhibited the highest bioactivity. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction allowed polyphenolic compounds such as hydroxybenzoic and ellagic acids to be obtained that did not appear with stirring. Other polyphenols (such as chrysin, rutin, kaempferol and cinnamic, coumaric, protocatechuic, ellagic and caffeic acids) were highly related to the bioactivity. This study lays the foundation for the future development of antioxidant/antiglycant additives derived from Neltuma ruscifolia, diversifying NUS range of natural additives and aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to safeguard biodiversity, local resources and the planet.
Periodic Prediction Based Integrated Solutions for Wireless Communication and Edge Computing in Smart Railway Systems
Authors: Ren Chao , Song Jiayin , Long Yin , Li Haojin , Sun Chen , Wang Xianmei , Li Yupei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the challenges of wireless communication and intelligence in smart railway system under high-speed mobile environments, particularly the issues of Doppler effect and dynamic variability. Solutions that integrate wireless communication and edge computing is proposed. The system model based on the operational characteristics of high-speed trains is established. By analyzing historical data and employing statistical methods, the probability distribution of high-speed train operation times is studied, revealing the operational patterns across different intervals. On this foundation, an intelligent task allocation model is proposed, which optimizes the deployment of edge servers and task allocation strategies to minimize task processing costs while ensuring the stability of communication links. To address the Doppler effect and selective channel enhancement issues in high-speed mobile environments, channel prediction with periodic information is used to reduce interference and ensure the reliability of data transmission. Furthermore, intelligent scheduling system based on edge computing with predictive models is established, supporting advanced scheduling and optimizes train timetables. The algorithm is based on established scheduling rules, effectively managing the high-speed railway system and improving system efficiency. Compared with existing scheduling algorithms, the proposed method demonstrates significant advantages in reducing signal distortion, enhancing signal reliability, and optimizing resource utilization and costs.
AASTNet: An Attention-Aware Spatial-Temporal Network for Enhanced Pain Intensity Evaluation in Facial Image
Authors: Gao Feng , Qing Linbo , Li Lindong , Xiong Kunhong , Xu Risheng , Gao Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Pain intensity serves as an essential indicator of patient discomfort. The analysis of video monitoring for the evaluation of pain intensity has emerged as a significant area of research. Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based spatiotemporal models are extensively utilized to extract dynamic pain information from videos for assessing pain intensity. Nonetheless, challenges persist in effectively extracting spatiotemporal dynamic information, because pain typically appears in specific consecutive frames and within certain regions. Consequently, this research introduces the attention-aware spatiotemporal network (AASTNet) designed for the evaluation of pain intensity, incorporating both temporal and spatial sub-networks. Specifically, the system employs a temporal sub-network, succeeded by a feature gating mechanism, similar to a self-attention mechanism, to selectively focus on video frames within a temporal sequence that contain pertinent pain-related information. Furthermore, an attention mechanism is integrated into the spatial sub-network to emphasize the spatially localized regions closely related to pain. To counteract the issue of spatially global information deficiency induced by the attention mechanism, this method integrates the geometric information of facial landmarks to capture the overall topological patterns of the facial regions associated with pain. The feature vectors derived from the two sub-networks are subsequently combined and utilized for regression analysis to estimate pain intensity. The proposed AASTNet is assessed on UNBC-McMaster Shoulder Pain Expression Archive Database, and the results reveal that the proposed AASTNet outperforms the contemporary state-ofthe-art methods.
Mirror-mediated ultralong-range atomic dipole-dipole interactions
Authors: Furtak-Wells Nicholas , Dawson Benjamin , Mann Thomas , Jose Gin , Beige Almut 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In three dimensions, dipole-dipole interactions which alter atomic level shifts and spontaneous decay rates only persist over distances comparable to the wavelength of the emitted light. To provide novel tools for quantum technology applications, like quantum sensing, many attempts have been made to extend the range of these interactions. In this paper we show that such an extension can be achieved with the help of partially transparent asymmetric mirror interfaces without involving negative refractive index metamaterials. Suppose two atoms are placed on opposite sides of the interface, each at the position of the mirror image of the other. In this case, their emitted light interferes exactly as it would when the atoms are right next to each other. Hence their dipole-dipole interaction assumes an additional maximum, even when the actual distance of the atoms is several orders of magnitude larger than their transition wavelength.
Advances in the Targeted Theragnostics of Osteomyelitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Abdulrehman Tahir , Qadri Shahnaz , Haik Yousef , Sultan Ali , Skariah Sini , Kumar Shourya , Mendoza Zachary , Yadav Kamlesh , Titus Anoop , Khader Shameer 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bone infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus may lead to an inflammatory condition called osteomyelitis, which results in progressive bone loss. Biofilm formation, intracellular survival, and the ability of S. aureus to evade the immune response result in recurrent and persistent infections that present significant challenges in treating osteomyelitis. Moreover, people with diabetes are prone to osteomyelitis due to their compromised immune system, and in life-threatening cases, this may lead to amputation of the affected limbs. In most cases, bone infections are localized; thus, early detection and targeted therapy may prove fruitful in treating S. aureus-related bone infections and preventing the spread of the infection. Specific S. aureus components or overexpressed tissue biomarkers in bone infections could be targeted to deliver active therapeutics, thereby reducing drug dosage and systemic toxicity. This review paper presents information about the targeting strategies and agents for the therapy and diagnostic imaging of S. aureus bone infections.
Gene Expression Disparity in Coronary Artery Disease: Insights from MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin
Authors: Javanshir Elnaz , Ebrahimi Zahra Javadpour , MirzohrehM Seyedeh Tarlan , Ghaffari Samad , Banisefid Erfan , Alamdari Naimeh Mesri , Roshanravan Neda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) manifesting in young adults can have devastating consequences. MEIS1 gene plays an important role in vascular networks and heart development. Also, this gene has a great effect on the regeneration capacity of the heart. This study investigates the expression level of MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin genes in patients with premature CAD in comparison to healthy subjects and evaluates the relationship between these genes and possible inflammatory factors.
Methods and Results
A case-control study was employed to investigate HIRA, MEIS1, and Myocardin gene expression as well as IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) obtained from CAD patients. Thirty-five patients diagnosed with CAD and 35 healthy individuals enrolled through simple randomization. RNAs were extracted from PBMCs and cDNA synthesis was performed to determine the expression levels of studied genes using real-time PCR. PBMCs of CAD cases demonstrated higher levels of MEIS1 and HIRA gene expression compared to the control group with a fold change of 2.45 and 3.6 respectively. Expression of MEIS1 exhibited a negative correlation with IL-10 (r= -0.312) expression and a positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.415) and TNF-α (r = 0.534) gene expressions. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between the gene expressions of HIRA and IL-10 (r= -0.326), and a positive correlation was revealed between this gene and the IL-6 (r = 0.453) and TNF-α (r = 0.572) gene expressions.
Conclusion
This research demonstrated a distinct disparity in the expression levels of MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin as early myocardial marker genes between individuals with CAD and healthy subjects. Results showed that two specific genes, MEIS1 and HIRA, may play a significant role in regulating the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely TNF-α and IL-6.