bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ionic polarization on the static permittivity of electrolyte aqueous solutions
Authors: Thi Nhan Tran , Le Tuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe developed a theoretical model with two separate components for the description of the static permittivity of aqueous electrolytes versus concentration and temperature. The first component is due to the water molecular polarization, whereas the second component is governed by the ionic polarization. We found that the permittivity part due to the ionic polarization effect is comparable to that come from the water molecule polarization for aqueous electrolytes at ambient temperatures. The microdynamic mechanism of the phenomenon, which the static permittivity of sodium chloride aqueous solution with concentration of 2.8 mol/L holds constant with the change of temperature, is clarified. The equilibrium compensation between the decrement of the permittivity part due to the water molecular polarization and the increase of that originated from the ionic polarization as increasing temperature is responsible for this phenomenon. The dipole moment reduction of water molecules as rising temperature is also confirmed by the model.
Effects of fabrics reinforced on mechanical properties of epoxy epikote 828
Authors: Trung Dang Huu , Dieu Tran Vinh , Oanh Doan Thi Yen , Huu Nguyen The , Viet Nguyen Minh , Hai Trinh Thi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe curing agent content plays an important role in the synthesis of polymer composites, as it determines the quality and durability of these materials. Cyanethyl‐diethylenetriamine (CEDETA) was used as the curing agent for epoxy epikote 828. The effect of CEDETA content on the gel content and fracture toughness (KIC) of epoxy resin, as well as the effect of reinforcing fabric on the mechanical properties of composite materials was studied. The results showed that a CEDETA curing agent content of 26 parts per hundred resin (phr) gave the highest values of 88.2% gel content and 2.95 MPa.m1/2 fracture toughness. The tensile and flexural strengths of carbon/epoxy fabric composites (CF/EP) were significantly higher than those of glass/epoxy fabric composites (GF/EP). However, the izod impact strength and the mode‐I interlaminar fracture toughness of CF/EP composites were lower than those of GF/EP composites. The damaged surfaces of the composites were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The effect of adding chitin on the physical‐mechanical properties of polyurethane foam
Authors: Doan Trang Tran Y , Zenitova L.A. , Huong Ta Thi , Hanh Do Thi , Dung Ha Thi , Vinh Mac The 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study uses chitin as a filler for a polyurethane composite foam. The obtained polymer composite materials (PCM) are examined the technological parameters of the foaming (start time, rise time, and apparent density), the physical‐mechanical properties (the compressive stress, compression set, resilience), and the cross‐link density. The results present that the chitin‐containing PCM with a filler ratio of 10% has no significant difference in the technological parameters of the foaming and the physical‐mechanical properties. However, the physical‐mechanical properties of elastic polyurethane foam (PUF)‐chitin materials tend to change less than the semi‐rigid PCMs. Furthermore, the cross‐link density of obtained PCMs is increased compared with the blank PUFs due to an increase in the number of bonds between components in the polymer chain. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the PCM with the filling has a larger pore size and a number of closed cells, and the pore's surface is rougher than the blank PUF. Waste‐containing PCMs are developed to reduce the amount of solid waste in the environment. As a result, these PCMs became denser and stronger while reducing their elasticity and becoming heavier. Thus, the process of synthesis of chitin‐containing PCM, using and recycling waste PCM, is circular.
Insight into the role of dissolution mechanism in the sonochemistry of acoustic cavitation bubble
Authors: Dehane Aissa , Merouani Slimane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUsing a detailed numerical model, in the present work, the dissolution process of the different species generated by the acoustic cavitation bubble was investigated through the analysis of bubble chemistry over a range of wave frequencies from 140 to 515 kHz. It has been observed that during the first bubble collapse, at 140 and 213 kHz, significant amounts of ●OH, O, H●, H2, and O2 molecules (from ~ 2.1×10‐20 to 4.86×10‐18 mol) are dissolved into the bulk liquid (2.84‐0.067%). However, with the rise of ultrasound frequency (>213 kHz), the number and the quantity of the dissolved substances are decreased (<1.16×10‐20 mol) until to be completely suppressed at 515 kHz. Over the first compression period, at 140 and 213 kHz, the dissolution tendency is in the order: H2 (4.86×10‐18‐9.44×10‐19 mol) > H● (4.41×10‐18‐7.76×10‐19 mol) > O (1.8×10‐18‐2.75×10‐19 mol) > ●OH (4.68×10‐19‐1.91×10‐19 mol) > O2 (8.43×10‐20‐2.1×10‐20 mol). Nevertheless, at 355 kHz, the dissolution of the main substances is in the order: H● (1.16×10‐20 mol)>●OH (5.13×10‐21 mol)>H2 (3.59×10‐21 mol). Despite the low dissolution percentages of the different species (compared to the total yield) during the first bubble collapse (<3%), it has been observed that the corresponding molar amounts (depending on the applied frequency) are of great importance (≤ 4.86×10‐18 mol). On the other hand, independently of the number of acoustic cycles (1, 2 or 3), the dissolution tendency of the different species, at 140 and 213 kHz, is in the order: H2 > H● > O > O2 > ●OH > O3 > HO2● > H2O2. Nevertheless, above 213 kHz, this ranking starts to be disturbed with the dominance of the main species, i.e. H2, H●, O, ●OH, and O2 molecules. According to the obtained findings in the present paper, the importance of the dissolution mechanism (into the bubble chemistry) is clearly evidenced; therefore, for an accurate simulation of the chemistry of an acoustic cavitation bubble, the consideration of the dissolution process should be taken into account throughout the bubble's oscillation.
Phytochemical study ofEuphorbia cyathophoracollected in Dan Phuong, Hanoi and its antidengue activity againstDENV1‐4 virus serotypes
Authors: Dung Nguyen Thi , Ninh Pham Thi , Luu Nguyen Thi , Anh Nguyen The , Hau Vu Thi Bich , Thuy Nguyen Thi Thu , Anh Ho Ngoc , Hang Phan Dieu , Thao Tran Thi Phuong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe ethanol extract from the leaves and twigs ofEuphorbia cyathophorashowed antiviral activity against four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1‐4), with PRNT50values of 15.625‐62.5 μg/mL. Eight compounds including germanicol acetate (1), cymbopogone (2), 1‐heptacosanol (3), ethyl α‐L‐arabinofuranoside (4), quercetin (5), 3‐acetoxy‐5,7,3’,4’‐tetrahydroxyflavone (6), 3‐acetoxy‐5,7,4’‐trihydroxyflavone (7), 4’‐acetoxy‐3,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone (8) were isolated from this extract. Compounds2‐8were isolated for the first time fromEuphorbia cyathophora. Antiviral activity evaluation of compounds1‐3,5‐7on DENV1‐4 serotypes revealed that7was the most active compound with PRNT50values of 23.8‐95.2 μM.
The prefigurative politics of leadership education: Connecting our practice to broader movements
Authors: Fink Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhy develop leaders? What politics are implicit in our practice? This paper uses the history and practice of Popular Education as a comparative framework to survey the politics of intentional emergence leadership pedagogy, surfacing potential alliances for building social change movements. Using a case analysis, the article elucidates the ways the classroom embodies an opportunity to explore and enact a prefigurative politics of significant social change that upends traditional relationships to authority, hierarchy, and decision‐making. Exploring the opportunities and dangers of connecting the classroom to broader social movements, the article concludes by advocating that such connections could offer a firmer and more explicit stance to the question: why develop leaders?
On the Equilibrium of Mono‐ and Dinuclear Cu(II) Dimethylglyoxime Complexes and its Exploitation for the Simple Preparation of Cu(I) Salts [Cu(CH3CN)4]X (X=ClO4−, BF4−, OTf−)
Authors: Petrikat Raphael I. , Frick Thomas , Becker Sabine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe reaction of Cu(OAc)2 with dimethylglyoxime (H2dmg) yields the mononuclear complex [Cu(Hdmg)2] (1), whereas the reaction of Cu(ClO4)2 ⋅ 6H2O with H2dmg yields a dinuclear complex [Cu2(H2dmg)(Hdmg)(dmg)]ClO4 (2 a). Systematic studies of the stoichiometric ratios of the reactants, the nature of the anion as well as pH value show that the pH value of the reaction solution/anion governs the nuclearity. I.e., basic anions and/or addition of a base yield 1. Once the product has formed in solution, it remains stable despite further changes of the pH value or addition of excess H2dmg. A conversion of one species into the other can only be achieved by simultaneous change of pH and addition of H2dmg. Accordingly, among sole addition of a base, 2 a isomerizes but does not change its nuclearity. In contrast, if NaOtBu and H2dmg are added, 2 a converts into 1. The same happens if the slightly basic salt Na2dmg is added to a solution of 2 a. Furthermore, the formation of 2 a can be exploited for the preparation of [Cu(CH3CN)4]X (X=ClO4−, BF4−, OTf−) due to a recently reported cooperativity‐driven decomposition of 2 a.
Potential of Lunar Laser Ranging for the Determination of Earth Orientation Parameters
Authors: Biskupek Liliane , Singh Vishwa Vijay , Müller Jürgen , Zhang Mingyue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe distance between the observatories on the Earth and the retro-reflectors on the Moon has been regularly measured with Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) since 1970. In recent years, LLR observations have been carried out at infrared wavelength (OCA, WLRS), resulting in a better distribution of LLR normal points over the lunar orbit and retro-reflectors with a higher accuracy, also leading to a higher number of LLR observations in total. By analysing LLR data, Earth Orientation Parameters (EOPs) can be determined along with other parameters of the Earth-Moon system. Focusing on
$$\Delta $$

Δ
UT1 and terrestrial pole coordinates the accuracies have improved significantly compared to the previous results. In the past, the reported uncertainties of the estimated parameters were published as three times the formal error from the least-squares adjustment to account for small random and systematic errors in the LLR analysis. To investigate if such a scaling factor is still needed, a sensitivity analysis was performed. The current best accuracies are 12.36
$$\upmu $$

μ
s for
$$\Delta $$

Δ
UT1, 0.47 mas for
$$x_p$$

x

p

and 0.59 mas for
$$y_p$$

y

p

. Also the determined corrections to the long-periodic nutation coefficients of the MHB2000 model are now significantly smaller with higher accuracies, i.e., accuracies better than 0.18 mas are obtained.
Cultures of Innovation at Pinewood
Authors: Street Sarah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter is based on documentation from the British Film Institute’s Special Collections which offers new, primary information on visits made in 1945 by British technicians to film studios in Hollywood. The visits aimed to gather information on and insights about contemporary Hollywood practices which then informed Pinewood’s post-war policies around equipment and studio infrastructures. The documentation sheds light on strategic areas such as special effects, set design, the evolution of Independent Frame technologies as well as attempts to change working practices at Pinewood during a time of economic recession. The chapter provides an opportunity to reflect on how British studio practices differed from Hollywood’s, with commentaries from technicians and leading figures in the film industry including Michael Powell, Emeric Pressburger, and cinematographer Ronald Neame.
Cultural Life at Pinewood: The Pinewood Merry-Go-Round Studio Magazine
Authors: Street Sarah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter draws on The Pinewood Merry-Go-Round, a newly discovered primary source, which is a rare surviving example of a film studio magazine, produced at Pinewood by employees in 1946–1947. This chapter details how the magazine articulated Pinewood’s culture as a social enterprise as well as providing insights into its various working spaces. It brings to life the reality of being a studio employee, the day-to-day activities that are rarely described in film histories. The Pinewood Merry-Go-Round provides a rare glimpse into how studio employees bonded through sports and social clubs, musical and film groups, organising a Christmas pantomime, putting on art exhibitions, writing short stories, sharing studio gossip, and reporting issues of concern such as transport to work and long working hours.
Role of the GLP2–Wnt1 axis in silicon-rich alkaline mineral water maintaining intestinal epithelium regeneration in piglets under early-life stress
Authors: Chen Jian , Dai Xue-Yan , Zhao Bi-Chen , Xu Xiang-Wen , Kang Jian-Xun , Xu Ya-Ru , Li Jin-Long 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStress-induced intestinal epithelial injury (IEI) and a delay in repair in infancy are predisposing factors for refractory gut diseases in adulthood, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Hence, it is necessary to develop appropriate mitigation methods for mammals when experiencing early-life stress (ELS). Weaning, as we all know, is a vital procedure that all mammalian newborns, including humans, must go through. Maternal separation (MS) stress in infancy (regarded as weaning stress in animal science) is a commonly used ELS paradigm. Drinking silicon-rich alkaline mineral water (AMW) has a therapeutic effect on enteric disease, but the specific mechanisms involved have not been reported. Herein, we discover the molecular mechanism by which silicon-rich AMW repairs ELS-induced IEI by maintaining intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation and differentiation through the glucagon-like peptide (GLP)2–Wnt1 axis. Mechanistic study showed that silicon-rich AMW activates GLP2-dependent Wnt1/β-catenin pathway, and drives ISC proliferation and differentiation by stimulating Lgr5+ ISC cell cycle passage through the G1–S-phase checkpoint, thereby maintaining intestinal epithelial regeneration and IEI repair. Using GLP2 antagonists (GLP23−33) and small interfering RNA (SiWnt1) in vitro, we found that the GLP2–Wnt1 axis is the target of silicon-rich AMW to promote intestinal epithelium regeneration. Therefore, silicon-rich AMW maintains intestinal epithelium regeneration through the GLP2–Wnt1 axis in piglets under ELS. Our research contributes to understanding the mechanism of silicon-rich AMW promoting gut epithelial regeneration and provides a new strategy for the alleviation of ELS-induced IEI.
Inhibition of EHMT1/2 rescues synaptic damage and motor impairment in a PD mouse model
Authors: Zhang Zhixiong , Wang Rui , Zhou Hui , Wu Dan , Cao Yifan , Zhang Chuang , Sun Hongyang , Mu Chenchen , Hao Zongbing , Ren Haigang , Wang Nana , Yu Shuang , Zhang Jingzhong , Tao Mengdan , Wang Can , Liu Yan , Liu Liu , Liu Yanli , Zang Jianye , Wang Guanghui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpigenetic dysregulation that leads to alterations in gene expression and is suggested to be one of the key pathophysiological factors of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we found that α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFFs) induced histone H3 dimethylation at lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and increased the euchromatic histone methyltransferases EHMT1 and EHMT2, which were accompanied by neuronal synaptic damage, including loss of synapses and diminished expression levels of synaptic-related proteins. Furthermore, the levels of H3K9me2 at promoters in genes that encode the synaptic-related proteins SNAP25, PSD95, Synapsin 1 and vGLUT1 were increased in primary neurons after PFF treatment, which suggests a linkage between H3K9 dimethylation and synaptic dysfunction. Inhibition of EHMT1/2 with the specific inhibitor A-366 or shRNA suppressed histone methylation and alleviated synaptic damage in primary neurons that were treated with PFFs. In addition, the synaptic damage and motor impairment in mice that were injected with PFFs were repressed by treatment with the EHMT1/2 inhibitor A-366. Thus, our findings reveal the role of histone H3 modification by EHMT1/2 in synaptic damage and motor impairment in a PFF animal model, suggesting the involvement of epigenetic dysregulation in PD pathogenesis.
Internal phosphorus loading alters nutrient limitation and contributes to cyanobacterial blooms in a polymictic lake
Authors: Swann Micah M. , Cortes Alicia , Forrest Alexander L. , Framsted Nick , Sadro Steven , Schladow S. Geoffrey , De Palma-Dow Angela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClear Lake, a medium-sized hypereutrophic, polymictic lake in northern California, has had recurring harmful cyanobacteria blooms (HCBs) for over a century despite reductions in external phosphorus (P) loadings. Internal P loading can alter nutrient availability and limitation supporting HCBs but is rarely quantified or compared with external loads. We have quantified external P loads from 2019 to 2021 for the three main tributaries (accounting for 46% of the flow) and internal loadings using two methods: a P mass balance and modeled release rates of soluble reactive phosphorus from oxic and anoxic sediments. In addition, we combined high-frequency in situ measurements of water temperature and dissolved oxygen, discrete grab sampling for nutrient chemistry, and remote sensing to explore the potential drivers of the observed variability and provide a comprehensive view of the spatiotemporal dynamics of HCBs. By understanding the relative contribution of external and internal nutrient loadings and the relationship between environmental parameters and HCBs, interannual bloom variability can be better predicted. Comparative estimates of external and internal phosphorus loading indicate that internal sources accounted for 70–95% of the total P input into the system during the study period. Contrary to other lakes, the intensity of the summer bloom season was correlated to the timing and duration of anoxia rather than the magnitude of spring runoff. Internally released P shifted the system from phosphorus to nitrogen limitation during the summer, potentially favoring the proliferation of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria.
Ingeborg Beling and the time memory in honeybees: almost one hundred years of research
Authors: Beer Katharina , Zupanc Günther K. H. , Helfrich-Förster Charlotte 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBees are known for their ability to forage with high efficiency. One of their strategies to avoid unproductive foraging is to be at the food source at the right time of the day. Approximately one hundred years ago, researchers discovered that honeybees have a remarkable time memory, which they use for optimizing foraging. Ingeborg Beling was the first to examine this time memory experimentally. In her doctoral thesis, completed under the mentorship of Karl von Frisch in 1929, she systematically examined the capability of honeybees to remember specific times of the day at which they had been trained to appear at a feeding station. Beling was a pioneer in chronobiology, as she described the basic characteristics of the circadian clock on which the honeybee's time memory is based. Unfortunately, after a few years of extremely productive research, she ended her scientific career, probably due to family reasons or political pressure to reduce the number of women in the workforce. Here, we present a biographical sketch of Ingeborg Beling and review her research on the time memory of honeybees. Furthermore, we discuss the significance of her work, considering what is known about time memory today — nearly 100 years after she conducted her experiments.
The long-term outcomes of local tumor destruction versus partial nephrectomy for cT1a non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma and development of prognostic nomograms
Authors: Qiu Jianhui , Deng Ruiyi , Zhao Zihou , Tian Peidong , Zhou Jingcheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
There is a lack of authoritative opinions on local tumor destruction (LTD) for clinical T1a (cT1a) non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). We aim to compare the outcomes of cT1a nccRCC after partial nephrectomy (PN) or LTD and explore prognostic factors.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with cT1a nccRCC receiving LTD or PN between 2000 and 2020 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for patients receiving LTD and PN. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, competing risk regression models, and subgroup analysis were used to compare outcomes and identify prognostic factors. Prognostic nomograms were established and evaluated based on the multivariate models.

Results
A total of 3664 cT1a nccRCC patients were included. The LTD group had poorer overall survival (OS) and similar cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared with the PN group before and after PSM (p < 0.05), while the other-cause mortality rate of the LTD group was higher than that of the PN group. Age, marital status, household income, prior tumor history, interval between diagnosis and treatment, treatments, and tumor size were identified as independent predictive factors for OS. Age, tumor size, prior tumor history, and histological type were identified as independent predictive factors for CSS. Then the nomograms predicting OS and CSS were constructed based on these prognostic factors, which showed excellent performance in risk stratification and accuracy.

Conclusion
LTD could achieve comparable cancer-control effects as PN among cT1a nccRCC patients. The OS and CSS nomograms worked effectively for prognosis assessment.
Group XIV C-type lectins: emerging targets in tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Yee Elliott J. , Vigil Isaac , Sun Yi , Torphy Robert J. , Schulick Richard D. , Zhu Yuwen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractC-type lectins, distinguished by a C-type lectin binding domain (CTLD), are an evolutionarily conserved superfamily of glycoproteins that are implicated in a broad range of physiologic processes. The group XIV subfamily of CTLDs are comprised of CD93, CD248/endosialin, CLEC14a, and thrombomodulin/CD141, and have important roles in creating and maintaining blood vessels, organizing extracellular matrix, and balancing pro- and anti-coagulative processes. As such, dysregulation in the expression and downstream signaling pathways of these proteins often lead to clinically relevant pathology. Recently, group XIV CTLDs have been shown to play significant roles in cancer progression, namely tumor angiogenesis and metastatic dissemination. Interest in therapeutically targeting tumor vasculature is increasing and the search for novel angiogenic targets is ongoing. Group XIV CTLDs have emerged as key moderators of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, thus offering substantial therapeutic promise for the clinic. Herein, we review our current knowledge of group XIV CTLDs, discuss each’s role in malignancy and associated potential therapeutic avenues, briefly discuss group XIV CTLDs in the context of two other relevant lectin families, and offer future direction in further elucidating mechanisms by which these proteins function and facilitate tumor growth.