bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the homolytic saccharide cleavage of deprotonated flavonol 3‐O‐glycosides in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer
Authors: Davis Barry D. , Brodbelt Jennifer S. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe trend in the extent of homolytic saccharide cleavage is reported for a series of deprotonated flavonol 3‐O‐glycosides upon collision‐induced dissociation (CID) in a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. The second‐generation product ions from the primary [Y0]− and [Y0− H]−• product ions were also identified. It was determined that the structure of both the aglycon and the saccharide portions of the flavonoid glycoside are pivotal in inducing radical cleavage. In contrast to earlier work on this subject reported for a smaller group of flavonols, the correlation between the degree of B‐ring hydroxylation and the extent of radical saccharide cleavage showed several notable exceptions in the present work. Homolytic cleavage was also investigated in the context of using tandem mass spectrometry to identify the aglycon portions of flavonoid glycosides. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Derivatization of β‐dicarbonyl compound with 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine to enhance mass spectrometric detection: application in quantitative analysis of houttuynin in human plasma
Authors: Duan Xiaotao , Zhong Dafang , Chen Xiaoyan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHouttuynin (decanoyl acetaldehyde), a β‐dicarbonyl compound, is the major antibacterial constituent in the volatile oil of Houttuynina cordata Thunb. In the present work, detection of houttuynin in human plasma based on the chemical derivatization with 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was described. The primary reaction products between the β‐dicarbonyl compound and DNPH in aqueous phase were identified as heterocyclic structures, of which the mass spectrometric ionization and fragmentation behavior were characterized with the aid of high‐resolution multistage mass spectral analysis. For quantification, houttuynin and internal standard (IS, benzophenone) in plasma were firstly converted to their DNPH derivatives without sample purification, then extracted from human plasma with n‐hexane and detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry performed in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. This method allowed for a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1.0 ng/ml using 100‐µl plasma. The validation results showed high accuracy (%bias < 2.1) and precision (%CV < 7.2) at broad linear dynamic range (1.0–5000 ng/ml). The simple and quantitative derivatization coupled with tandem mass spectrometric analysis facilitates a sensitive and robust method for the determination of plasma houttuynin in pharmacokinetic studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selection of lactic acid bacteria for acidification of brown juice (grass juice), with the aim of making a durable substrate for L‐lysine fermentation
Authors: Thomsen Mette H , Kiel Pauli 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Brown juice is a waste product from the green crop‐drying industry. Heating and pressing of green crops prior to drying produces a juice rich in nutrients, which can be converted to a stable universal fermentation medium by lowering its pH to 4.0–4.5 via lactic acid fermentation. The aim of this study was to select a strain of lactic acid bacteria for industrial acidification of brown juice.RESULTS: Several strains were tested in fermentation experiments and Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivarius DSM 20555 was found to be the best choice. It showed high growth rates at temperatures ranging from 40 to 48 °C, with an optimum temperature of 46 °C (µmax = 2.2 h−1), and maintained a high productivity at pH 4.0 in continuous fermentation. The highest productivity of 7.23 g L−1 h−1 was found at a dilution rate of 1.0 h−1.CONCLUSION: With today's increased focus on utilisation of residues from food and agro‐industry, coupled with restrictions on their use as fertiliser for farmlands, lactic acid fermentation could play a significant role in conservation of these nutrient‐rich liquids. This study shows that Lb. salivarius ssp. salivarius DSM 20555 is a very promising micro‐organism for use in such a process. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Endogenous adipose tissue as a hemostatic: Use in microsurgery
Authors: Akelina Yelena , Danilo Peter 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBleeding is a frequent complication of microsurgical repair of small blood vessels and time is spent while hemostasis is accomplished. We studied the hemostatic effect of endogenous adipose tissue on bleeding from rat femoral arterial anastomoses. We measured bleeding time (time from removal of clamps to cessation of active bleeding) and mean arterial blood velocity (using a micro‐Doppler system), the latter immediately after anastomosis, and again 7 days post‐anastomosis. Bleeding time for vessels with fat applied to the artery was 50% less than when no fat was applied. Blood velocity by day 7 post‐anastomosis returned to values equivalent to those for intact arteries. Histological evaluation of the anastomotic site demonstrated no significant differences in inflammatory response between fat‐treated and untreated arteries. These data suggest that endogenous adipose tissue may be a useful hemostatic agent devoid of significant effects on small artery blood velocity or histology. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Establishment of duodenojejunal bypass surgery in mice: A model designed for diabetic research
Authors: Liu Wei , Zassoko Roman , Mele Tina , Luke Patrick , Sun Hongtao , Liu Weihua , Garcia Bertha , Jiang Jifu , Wang Hao 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe have developed a mouse duodenojejunal bypass (DJB) surgical model that is for studying the effects of bariatric surgery on glucose homeostasis and has potential to impact clinical therapy of diabetes. The operation consists of using the majority of the duodenum and proximal part of the jejunum for biliopancreatic diversion. The distal end of the jejunum is anastomosed in an end‐to‐end fashion to the remaining proximal end of the duodenum just distal to the pylorus. The biliopancreatic secretions are diverted into the distal jejunum through an end‐to‐side anastomosis. We performed 10 DJB operations in C57BL/6 mice, with a 100% survival rate. The surgery had no effect on the growth or feeding patterns of the animals. The intestinal mucosa showed normal histology and function. This study confirms that it is technically possible to perform DJB surgery in mice. This mouse model can be used in the study of surgical treatment for type II diabetes. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Recording and stimulating properties of chronically implanted longitudinal intrafascicular electrodes in peripheral fascicles in an animal model
Authors: Zheng Xiujun , Zhang Jian , Chen Tongyi , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was to study the recording and stimulating properties, and biocompatibility of longitudinally implanted intrafascicular electrodes (LIFEs) in a rabbit sciatic nerve model when they were chronically implanted into peripheral fascicles. LIFEs were implanted chronically into sciatic nerve fascicles of rabbits as recording and stimulating electrodes. Motor‐evoked potentials (MEPs) and cortical somatosensory‐evoked potentials (CSEPs) were recorded by using a transcranial stimulation system (TCS) over 6‐month period to observe the change of the signals recorded. At the end of the experiment, the fascicles at the electrodes implanted site were anatomized for histological examination under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results showed onset latency (OL) of MEPs and CSEPs had no obvious change during the first month. However, OL significantly increased during the second month, and then became stable 3 months after implantation. The interpeak amplitudes (IPAs) of MEPs had no distinct change during the first month, but significantly decreased over the next period, and then became stable 3 months after implantation. The IPAs of CSEPs, however, decreased slowly over the 6‐month period of the study. At the end of the experiment, histological examination indicated that a typical foreign body reaction developed, and electrodes caused mild damage to the fascicles, though inflammatory cells and neuroma were not seen around the electrodes. In conclusion, LIFEs have excellent recording and stimulating characters in addition to biocompatibility with peripheral fascicles. They can be implanted chronically into fascicles and record signals. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Magnetism in high‐contrast dielectric photonic crystals
Authors: Lepetit T. , Akmansoy É. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPhotonic crystals made of high‐permittivity ferroelectric materials exhibit a resonant magnetic response in the microwaves range, leading to a effective permeability of a few tens or a negative relative effective permeability due to the enhancement of zeroth‐order Mie resonances. This effective permeability decreases when the filling factor tends toward 1. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 909–911, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23227
Printed symmetric inverted‐F antenna with a quasi‐isotropic radiation pattern
Authors: Cho Chihyun , Choo Hosung , Park Ikmo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article presents a tag antenna with a quasi‐isotropic radiation pattern operating in the UHF band to eliminate the shadow zone in RFID systems. The proposed tag antenna has a symmetric inverted‐F structure with a bent section and is printed on a 50 μm‐thick PET substrate for easy and low‐cost fabrication. The detailed design parameters of the antenna were optimized using a Pareto genetic algorithm in conjunction with the IE3D EM simulator. The optimized antenna shows 3.2% fractional bandwidth for S11 < −10 dB, more than 87% efficiency in the operating frequency band, and less than 6 dB gain deviation. The measured reading range between the tag and reader is between 1.4 and 2.2 m. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 927–930, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23247
Reduced size small dual and multi‐frequency microstrip antennas
Authors: Bhunia S. , Sarkar D. , Biswas S. , Sarkar P. P. , B. Gupta  , Yasumoto K. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study presents theoretical and experimental investigations on novel, compact, single layer and single probe‐fed rectangular microstrip patch antennas for dual and multi frequency operation. The novel design is achieved by cutting two rectangular slots at one side of the patch antenna. Compared with the conventional rectangular patch antenna, our antenna can achieve reduction in patch size up to 85%. Dual frequency operation has also been achieved effectively by just adjusting the feed position of a conventional rectangular patch antenna. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 961–965, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23255
Analysis of broad band U‐slot microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Ansari J. A. , Brij Ram Ram 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA broad band U‐slot microstrip patch antenna on a single layer foam substrate is investigated using equivalent circuit concept. A parametric study has been carried out to investigate the effects caused by arm length, base length, and slot width of the U‐slot. The effects of substrate height and feed position are also analyzed to obtain the optimum values for broadband operation. Broadband (bandwidth 33.52%) enhancement of the antenna is achieved by inserting U‐slot into the patch. A comparison between theoretical and simulated results is also presented. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1069–1073, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23274
A compact narrowband HTS filter with an extended upper stopband
Authors: Jin Shichao , Wei Bin , Zhang Xiaoping , Cao Bisong , Guo Xubo , Peng Huili , Gao Baoxin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this article, a novel split‐end stepped impedance resonator (SESIR) has been proposed to relocate its first spurious resonant frequency. A three‐pole high temperature superconducting filter made up of SESIRs with a 0.4% bandwidth centered at 2423 MHz is developed. The filter has an extended stopband up to three times of the fundamental frequency. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1066–1069, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23275
Erratum: Electromagnetic propagation in unbounded inhomogeneous chiral media using the coupled mode method
Authors: Gómez Álvaro , Barba Ismael , Cabeceira Ana C. L. , Represa José , Vegas Angel , Grande Ana , Solano Miguel Ángel 
Published: February 2008

Abstract© 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1132, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23280
An accelerating technique for analyzing open‐ended rectangular waveguides
Authors: Tan Weihua , Shen Zhongxiang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAn accelerating technique for calculating the reflection coefficient matrix of an open‐ended rectangular waveguide with infinite flange is proposed in this paper. The matrix equation, which contains double surface integrals, is initially established using the mode‐matching method. To improve the computation efficiency, the double surface integral is converted to one surface integral in the spectral domain using the Sommerfeld identity. Then the matrix pencil method and the Gaussian quadrature are employed to accelerate the computation of the matrix elements, which results in the summation of a short series. An open‐ended WR‐90 waveguide model is analyzed to demonstrate the efficiency of the method in the calculation of the reflection coefficients. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1061–1066, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23283
Compact stepped‐impedance lowpass filter with a slot‐back microstrip line
Authors: Huang Shao Ying , Lee Yee Hu 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA high‐performance stepped‐impedance low‐pass filter is proposed by using a microstrip line with a longitudinal slot in the ground plane (slot‐back microstrip line). The design process is simple and yet effective in improving the performance of the filter structure. Expressions are proposed to obtain the characteristic impedance of a slot‐back microstrip line. Because of the high characteristic impedance and slow‐wave effect of a slot‐back microstrip line, the proposed filter shows a sharper cutoff and a wider stopband with higher attenuation within a smaller circuit area when compared with a conventional stepped‐impedance low‐pass filter. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1058–1061, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23284
Analysis on characters of sub‐millimeter wave attenuation by rain medium
Authors: Zhu Li , Li Xing‐Guo , Lou Guo‐Wei 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe attenuation of sub‐millimeter wave by rain medium is related to raindrops' spectrum and attenuation cross‐section. It is established about the model of raindrop attenuation cross‐section based on MP raindrop size distribution. The attenuation curves are described in 360, 400, and 480 GHz. The results show the model's parameters are in good agreement with the references. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1025–1028, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23286
Slot‐loaded shorted patch for dual‐band operation
Authors: Kumar Singh Amit , Kumar Meshram Manoj 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA dual‐band slot‐loaded shorted rectangular microstrip antenna is proposed and investigated both theoretically and experimentally. The dual‐band characteristic of antenna is achieved by incorporating a shorting‐pin on the left edge of the patch and thin slot. Numerical results for the input impedance, Return loss, and radiation patterns are presented and compared with the measured results. Good agreement is obtained between computed and measured results. Frequency tunability ranges from 1.39 to 1.44 GHz (about 50.0 MHz) for lower resonance and from 4.37 to 4.44 GHz (70.0 MHz) for upper resonance are observed. The frequency ratios of about 3.0 for the two operating frequencies are obtained. By loading the slot and shorting pin on the patch the antenna size is reduced up to 37%. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1010–1017, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23300
Importance of forkhead transcription factor Fkhl18 for development of testicular vasculature
Authors: Sato Yuko , Baba Takashi , Zubair Mohamad , Miyabayashi Kanako , Toyama Yoshiro , Maekawa Mamiko , Owaki Akiko , Mizusaki Hirofumi , Sawamura Tatsuya , Toshimori Kiyotaka , Morohashi Ken‐Ichirou , Katoh‐Fukui Yuko 
Published: February 2008

AbstractForkhead transcription factors are characterized by a winged helix DNA binding domain, and the members of this family are classified into 20 subclasses by phylogenetic analyses. Fkhl18 is structurally unique, and is classified into FoxS subfamily. We found Fkhl18 expression in periendothelial cells of the developing mouse fetal testis. In an attempt to clarify its function, we generated mice with Fkhl18 gene disruption. Although KO mice developed normally and were fertile in both sexes, we frequently noticed unusual blood accumulation in the fetal testis. Electron microscopic analysis demonstrated frequent gaps, measuring 100–400 nm, in endothelial cells of blood vessels. These gaps probably represented ectopic apoptosis of testicular periendothelial cells, identified by caspase‐3 expression, in KO fetuses. No apoptosis of endothelial cells was noted. Fkhl18 suppressed the transcriptional activity of FoxO3a and FoxO4. Considering that Fas ligand gene expression is activated by Foxs, the elevated activity of Foxs in the absence of Fkhl18 probably explains the marked apoptosis of periendothelial cells in Fkhl18 KO mice. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1361–1371, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ALSFRS and appel ALS scores: Discordance with disease progression
Authors: Voustianiouk Andrei , Seidel Gregory , Panchal Janki , Sivak Mark , Czaplinski Adam , Yen Albert , Appel Stanley H. , Lange Dale J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractProgression of disease and effectiveness of therapy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are determined by both questionnaire‐ and examination‐based measures. To determine whether both types of measurement tools are equally predictive at all stages of disease, we compared questionnaire‐based ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) scores to the examination‐based Appel ALS (AALS) scores at different stages of disease. Same‐day scores were obtained during 174 visits in 62 patients with definite or probable ALS. Using normalized scores, correlation between the scales and predictability were best in mildly affected patients. Predictions of ALSFRS based on AALS scores were less than half as precise in the later stages of disease. Both scales showed significant change with disease progression, but ALSFRS consistently underestimated disease severity defined by AALS (P < 0.001). Questionnaire‐based measurements should be compared against objective scales at all stages of disease severity before they are accepted as primary endpoint measures. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Determination of tripdiolide in root extracts of Tripterygium wilfordii by solid‐phase extraction and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Ma Jun , Schmidt Barbara M. , Poulev Alexander , Raskin Ilya 
Published: February 2008

AbstractExtracts of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. have been widely used in China to treat a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The diterpenoids triptolide and tripdiolide are two major active components in the T. wilfordii ethyl acetate extract. An efficient solid‐phase extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography (SPE‐HPLC) method to measure triptolide content in the extract has been previously reported. However, a suitable means of tripdiolide quantification is not available because of interfering compounds in the extract that co‐elute with tripdiolide. Therefore, this paper describes a method wherein tripdiolide content can be measured from a small amount of the extract. The extract solution (600 µL) was applied into an aminopropyl SPE tube. Triptolide was eluted with dichloromethane:methanol (1 mL, 49:1 v/v), followed by tripdiolide elution with dichloromethane:methanol (3 mL, 17:3 v/v). The tripdiolide eluate was analysed by HPLC using an isocratic solvent system and was quantified by measuring the peak area at 219 nm. The contents of triptolide and tripdiolide in the extract were determined to be 807.32 ± 51.94 and 366.13 ± 17.21 µg/g of extract, respectively. Since tripdiolide is biologically active and makes up a considerable portion of the extract, for extract quality control and standardisation purposes, it should be measured along with triptolide using the proposed SPE‐HPLC method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micromagnetic model of magnetization reversal driven by spin‐polarized current in MgO‐based magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Finocchio G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the theoretical approach to model the magnetization reversal in magnetic tunnel junction with elliptical cross sectional area based on MgO tunnel barrier. The effects of the defects in the shape sample (computed directly by SEM images) and the presence of a pinhole in the tunnel barrier have been studied. The main results are: (i) the presence of the defects changes the coercive field of the free layer and the average value of the magnetostatic coupling with the pinned layer by less than 10%; (ii) the reversal mechanism driven by the magnetic field can be well described by macrospin approximation for all the non‐ideal shape simulated; (iii) the reversal driven by spin‐polarized current occurs via a nucleation process which is different with respect to the ideal ellipse in existence of a pinhole or defects. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Excitons and trions in cylindrical nanowires with dielectric mismatch
Authors: Slachmuylders A. F. , Partoens B. , Magnus W. , Peeters F. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe investigated the energy levels of excitons (X) and trions (X±) in free‐standing nanowires with strong lateral carrier confinement. Within the adiabatic approximation the two (resp. three) particle problem reduces to an effective one (resp. two) dimensional Schrödinger equation for the relative motion which is solved numerically. Dielectric mismatch effects are taken into account that result in a distorted Coulomb interaction between the charged particles. We obtain the X and X± binding energies as function of the dielectric mismatch ratio. To obtain these energies, we constructed tractable analytical expressions for the effective potential in the wire which significantly reduces the amount of computational time. Furthermore, X and X± binding energies as function of the wire radius were calculated and fitted. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)