bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D printing technique applied to rapid casting
Authors: Bassoli Elena , Gatto Andrea , Iuliano Luca , Grazia Violante Maria 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to verify the feasibility and evaluate the dimensional accuracy of two rapid casting (RC) solutions based on 3D printing technology: investment casting starting from 3D‐printed starch patterns and the ZCast process for the production of cavities for light‐alloys castings.Design/methodology/approachStarting from the identification and design of a benchmark, technological prototypes were produced with the two RC processes. Measurements on a coordinate measuring machine allowed calculating the dimensional tolerances of the proposed technological chains. The predictive performances of computer aided engineering (CAE) software were verified when applied to the ZCast process modelling.FindingsThe research proved that both the investigated RC solutions are effective in obtaining cast technological prototypes in short times and with low costs, with dimensional tolerances that are completely consistent with metal casting processes.Practical implicationsThe research assessed the feasibility and dimensional performances of two RC solutions, providing data that are extremely useful for the industrial application of the considered technologies.Originality/valueThe paper deals with experimental work on innovative techniques on which data are still lacking in literature. In particular, an original contribution to the determination of dimensional tolerances and the investigation on the predictive performances of commercial CAE software is provided.
On the manufacturability of scaffold mould using a 3D printing technology
Authors: Liu C.Z. , Sachlos E. , Wahl D.A. , Han Z.W. , Czernuszka J.T. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo investigate the effect of operation parameters and printing configuration on the manufacturability of moulds in the manufacture of tissue engineering scaffolds using a 3D printing system.Design/methodology/approachThe scaffold moulds were built using proprietary biocompatible materials using a modified Solidscape T66 ink‐jet printing system. The manufacturability of biological scaffold moulds has been investigated in terms of resolution, accuracy, and minimum and maximum manufacturable features.FindingsThe results demonstrated that the 3D system used in this study is able to fabricate structures with high reproducibility and flexibility. It was found that thermal degradation of BioSupport material had an adverse effect on resolution and accuracy of moulds printed for scaffold manufacturing. The maximum features, including maximum length and height, are geometrical dimension and orientation dependent. The system could produce a longer and higher features when the mould was aligned perpendicular to the axis of the mill than that parallel to the axis of the mill. The bigger the cross‐sectional area, the longer/higher the manufacturable feature the machine can produce. The accuracy and resolution are attributed to the size of the molten droplet of BioBuild that caused local melting of the support layer and which partially diffused into the support layer.Research limitations/implicationsThe results provide a guide to the design and fabrication of precision scaffold for tissue engineering using biocompatible materials.Originality/valueThis paper describes a method and process to evaluate the manufacturability of a scaffold mould using 3D printing technique. The limits to mould design are established, it could be extended to other solid freeform fabrication systems for effective operation and precision control.
Drivers of urban entrepreneurship: an integrative model
Authors: Sriram Ven , Mersha Tigineh , Herron Lanny 
Published: June 2007

PurposeSuccessful new venture creation may be one solution to many of the economic problems that affect the mostly minority populations that live in US inner cities. This paper sets out to develop a model and a set of research questions that may help increase understanding of African‐American entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an integrated review of the literature from the USA and Europe pertaining to minority entrepreneurial behavior and achievement. It identifies challenges faced by African‐American urban entrepreneurs and suggests a set of interventions that can enhance entrepreneurial success in the inner cities. The paper then poses a set of research questions with a particular focus on African‐Americans and presents an integrative model that can serve as a framework to examine these questions.FindingsThe model posits that motivation and skills drive entrepreneurial behavior and that availability of resources has a moderating effect on both entrepreneurial behavior and achievement. In addition to explaining entrepreneurship in general, the proposed model also suggests that specific variables may work differently for different subcultures.Practical implicationsIf this model is supported by empirical evidence, it will have significant implications for formulating appropriate interventions that would enable the successful start‐up and management of new business ventures in different subcultures. It will be of value to cities in the USA, Europe and elsewhere that have large minority populations, and can better inform programs that impart entrepreneurial skills and training.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the growing literature that recognizes that the drivers of entrepreneurial pursuit are frequently embedded in culture. While this has been studied cross‐nationally, few studies examine this aspectwithina heterogeneous society.
A risk‐based approach to AML
Authors: de Wit Jos 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a risk‐based approach to anti‐money laundering (AML) systems.Design/methodology/approachThe paper covers the areas of: customer due diligence, customer acceptance, risk management and implementation.FindingsRegulators and financial institutions need to co‐operate so that AML standards can be set within a risk‐based approach, thus enabling a country to protect itself in the best possible and affordable way.Originality/valueThe paper outlines the controversy present between financial institutions and regulators in the approach to AML.
The discovery process in civil litigation and the restrictions on disclosure of Section 348 Financial Services and Markets Act 2000
Authors: Gray Joanna 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo report and comment on the case Real Estate Opportunities v. Aberdeen Asset Managers Jersey Ltd & Ors.Design/methodology/approachOutlines the facts and explains the decision reached.FindingsThe Court ruled that the rules relating to the attribution of knowledge to a company of the knowledge of its individual employees meant that knowledge acquired by an employee in the course and for the purpose of his employment is properly attributable to the employer.Originality/valueThe decision is significant insofar as it provides some insight into the practical effect of Section 348 beyond the immediate circumstances where it was designed to provide confidentiality protections, namely the conduct of regulatory investigations themselves.
Collaborative supply chain practices and evolving technological approaches
Authors: Pramatari Katerina 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to give an overview of supply chain collaboration practices and the way the underlying enabling technologies have evolved, from the classical EDI approach, to web‐based and RFID‐enabled collaboration.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses alternative technological approaches and the role they play in supporting collaboration. The research presented in this paper is empirical in nature, based on three different case studies from the grocery retail sector depicting different aspects of implementing supply chain collaboration practices.FindingsFrom the examination of these cases, interesting lessons are derived regarding the suitability and criticality of the technological approach used to support collaboration, especially regarding the use of a centralized web‐platform as compared to the classical EDI approach and to a decentralized solution based on web services.Research limitations/implicationsResearch is limited to the specific case studies and further validation of the research findings through qualitative and quantitative methods would be appropriate.Practical implicationsThe paper provides support to practitioner regarding the selection of the appropriate technological approach to support collaboration. Furthermore, it gives insight regarding the maturity of current technologies in relation to collaboration requirements and to what extent can the technology be an enabler or a barrier in a collaboration initiative.Originality/valueThe paper links the technological and the supply‐chain collaboration perspective in order to derive interesting conclusions relevant to both academics and practitioners. The cases presented are quite unique and have not been widely studied, representing interesting and novel approaches to the way that technology has been employed to support collaboration practices.
Integration of web‐based and RFID technology in visualizing logistics operations – a case study
Authors: Chow Harry K.H. , Choy K.L. , Lee W.B. , Chan Felix T.S. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeTo provide a new generic model equipped with a “process visualizing” feature by capturing RFID logistics data to represent different logistics processes' status, and sharing them through web‐based technology to supply chain parties.Design/methodology/approachIn order to provide logistics service companies an effective way to manage their logistics processes and help both the up and down stream supply chain parties maximize their activities linkage within the value chain, the proposed system integrates radio frequency identification (RFID) and IT applications to optimize information flow in a supply chain. In doing so, the objective of visualizing logistics process is achieved.FindingsIt is found that the proposed model enhanced the performance of third party logistics providers and their supply chain partners in three main areas. They include a significant reduction in inventory level, a substantial drop in the chance of out‐of‐stock and, a significant improvement in the efficiency of delivery. They are among the most critical problems that often exist in a supply chain.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed model requires supply chain participants to share their process data on the web environment so as to achieve the target of collaboration. This demands the need of tight security control over the public internet.Practical implicationsThis paper provides useful information and practical guidance for supply chain participants to formulate a “process visualizing featured” information system.Originality/valueThis paper provides a solution to solve common supply chain management problems and offers practical helps to supply chain participants effectively.
RFID: an enabler of supply chain operations
Authors: Attaran Mohsen 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe desire to cut supply chain costs has made RFID technology one of today's most discussed retail technologies. Given the current implementation pace, the objective of this paper is to go beyond the hype and explore basic issues related to RFID technology, including its promises as well as its pitfalls.Design/methodology/approachThe author provides a conceptual discussion of the evolution of RFID, addresses its capabilities and its application in various industries, discusses implementation challenges, identifies adoption phases, and reviews RFID's success factors.FindingsRFID is the most recent prolific technology that provides supply chain collaboration and visibility. An RFID systems solution will increase corporate ROI while at the same time improving retail supply chain communication. Handled properly, RFID technology can result in an evolutionary change incorporating legacy systems with the real‐time supply chain management of tomorrow. Its stumbling point seems only to be a variety of issues outside the technology itself: marketing problems, false promises, security and privacy considerations, and a lack of standards.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper was constrained by empirical evidence of, for example, technology deployment, adoption drivers, and success factors.Practical implicationsThe paper confirms the power of RFID – a technology in its infancy with as yet untapped potential for supply chain collaboration. It also examines some of the popular RFID products and services.Originality/valueThe paper discusses implementation challenges, identifies adoption phases, and reviews RFID's success factors. It identifies the biggest implementation challenge as the challenge for IT experts of determining how to integrate RFID with existing supply chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM), and enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications.
Complementary theories to supply chain management
Authors: Halldorsson Arni , Kotzab Herbert , Mikkola Juliana H. , Skjøtt‐Larsen Tage 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to discuss and develop SCM as a scientific discipline using different theories from non‐logistics areas to explain inter‐organizational phenomena. It also attempts to establish a frame of reference that allows us to mitigate the gap between the current SCM research and practice and the theoretical explanations of how to structure and manage supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe paper introduces three different perspectives that together will contribute to a broader understanding of SCM in practice: an economic perspective; a socio‐economic perspective; and a strategic perspective. The theoretical framework is applied to two important research topics within SCM: third party logistics (TPL); and new product development (NPD).FindingsThere is no such thing as “a unified theory of SCM”. Depending on the concrete situation, one can choose one theory as the dominant explanatory theory, and then complement it with one or several of the other theoretical perspectives.Research limitations/implicationsThe way the four theories complement one another is explored on a conceptual basis, but further research into this direction may explore more deeply how these alleged complementarities occur in practice, and how managers mould their decisions by these ideas.Practical implicationsThe four theories can provide normative support to important management decisions in supply chains, such as outsourcing, safeguards against opportunism, and alignment of incentives.Originality/valueThe main contribution is that one cannot rely on one theoretical explanation when analyzing phenomena in SCM. It is neccessary to consider several theories and how they may complement one another in order to provide a more comprehensive view of SCM.
Branding: a generation gap?
Authors: Harradine Rod , Ross Jill 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to explore key differences in the perceptions of parents and children towards branding, examining differences and potential implications.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted over a six‐month period utilising focus groups, a school census and a parental survey to determine attitudes towards branding and to compare/contrast the different views and perceptions.FindingsThe study demonstrated a gap between the perceptions of parents and the actual brand awareness of their children. The research indicated that children tend to be brand aware at a younger age than their parents believe. Many parents assume that branding influences on their child come from outside the family, but this was contradicted by the children. The study indicated that children have a growing ability to receive information about brands and are able to use this knowledge to inform the growing influence that they exert in the buying process. Finally the study indicated that parents were concerned over the influence that branding can have. It is suggested that the growing sophistication of children in relation to branding issues results in them becoming much more brand‐wise when making purchase choices.Research limitations/implicationsThe choice of methodology – a census of a specific school – minimised sampling limitations. The middle‐class catchment area may have produced some bias, and this could be addressed by replicating the research in different schools to allow a broader comparison of the findings.Originality/valueThe paper adds to existing knowledge and understanding of branding and purchase decision making with specific reference to contradictions between generations.
Fashion innovativeness, materialism, and attitude toward purchasing foreign fashion goods online across national borders
Authors: Park Hye‐Jung , Davis Burns Leslie , Rabolt Nancy J. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThis study examines the impacts of fashion innovativeness and materialism on young Korean consumers' attitudes toward online purchasing of foreign fashion goods across national borders through local e‐commerce enablers and the moderating effect of internet innovativeness on these impacts.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in this study were gathered by surveying female university students in Seoul, Korea, using convenience sampling, and 222 questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. In analyzing data, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression, and simple slope analysis were conducted.FindingsThe results showed that fashion innovativeness and materialism are positively related to the attitude toward purchasing foreign fashion goods online across national borders, and that internet innovativeness exercises significant moderating effects on the relationships.Originality/valuePast research found positive direct impacts of internet innovativeness on internet shopping, but no study has explored the interaction effects between internet innovativeness and other variables directly influencing online purchasing attitudes toward foreign fashion goods. Practical implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.
CAD/CAM diffusion and infusion in the US apparel industry
Authors: Yan He , Fiorito Susan S. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to examine the determinants of the diffusion and infusion of computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing in the US textile and apparel industries.Design/methodology/approachA variety of sources was used to develop the survey, which was mailed to a national random sample of 500 textile and apparel manufacturers. Factor analysis was used to identify the dimensions of reasons for CAD/CAM infusion and diffusion. Three hypotheses were tested with multiple regression analyses procedures.FindingsThe responses of 103 manufacturers from all over the USA were analyzed. Diffusion and infusion of CAD/CAM was found to be driven primarily by the market. In addition, business‐unit size affected recent CAD/CAM diffusion to the systems.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough a sample size of over 100 manufacturers is respectable, broad generalizations cannot be made. So, as with most empirical research studies, the sample size is a limitation.Practical implicationsModernization of manufacturing is essential. However, prudent investment for the manufacturer is equally important. The key for the manufacturer is maintaining a balance.Originality/valueThe value of this research is the finding that very few manufacturing companies in the USA have adopted CAD/CAM even though it has been shown that the use of technologies is extremely beneficial to their survival.
Strategic planning for the US textile industry in the post‐quota era
Authors: Oh Hyunjoo , Kim Eunjung 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to develop strategic planning to enhance sustainable competitiveness in the US textile industry with a consideration of DR‐CAFTA as an opportunity to establish responsive supply chain networks in the Western hemisphere.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis was based on literature reviews, trade data analyses, and site visits for personal interviews at textile and apparel companies in North Carolina and the Office of Textile and Apparel at the US Department of Commerce, Washington, DC.FindingsDR‐CAFTA countries constitute the only remaining region that the US textile industry can use to achieve speed‐to‐market advantages from geographical proximity. Market analysis indicated both voids and opportunities in “fast retailing” supply chain networks. In developing time‐to‐market supply chain networks, it is suggested that the implementation of DR‐CAFTA should focus on: streamlining the rules of origin, expanding the short‐supply list, and coordinating custom procedures; financing options for DR‐CAFTA countries' procurement of fabrics and other raw materials from the USA.Practical implicationsTwo models are proposed which can possibly be implemented by the US textile industry: a shortened supply chain for knitted sportswear and fashionable shirts that can capitalize on time‐to‐market; and triangular supply‐chain networks among US retailers and textile companies, Asian textile manufacturers, and DR‐CAFTA apparel manufacturers for fashion basics.Originality/valueThis study has an implication for the US textile industry and policy makers to develop future strategic planning in the post‐quota era. The suggestions will contribute to enhancing the competitiveness of the US textile industry in the intense global competition by achieving speed‐to‐market with DR‐CAFTA countries.
Production sourcing strategies and buyer‐supplier relationships
Authors: Tam F.Y. , Moon K.L. , Ng S.F. , Hui C.L. 
Published: June 2007

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to compare the differences between the small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) and the large enterprises (LEs) of the Hong Kong clothing industry in terms of the adoption of production sourcing strategies and buyer‐supplier relationships.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted among 120 small to large‐sized clothing firms in Hong Kong.FindingsThe results show that there were certain differences between SMEs and LEs with regard to production sourcing: LEs are more able to disperse production globally; LEs are more likely to adopt single sourcing, while SMEs prefer multiple sourcing; SMEs tend to use a combined strategy of in‐ and outsourcing, whereas LEs select either insourcing or outsourcing; and LEs are more likely to develop a formal strategic alliance with their trading partners.Research limitations/implicationsThe adoption of sourcing strategies and buyer‐supplier relationships may change over time: future research should also be directed towards collecting longitudinal data.Practical implicationsTo compete with LEs, SMEs have to ally strategically with their trading partners. Adopting sourcing strategies in a more cooperative manner is therefore imperative. Nonetheless, both SMEs and LEs should exploit their advantages by adopting proper or innovative combinations of sourcing strategies and buyer‐supplier relationships, and hence their respective disadvantages can be offset and their competitive advantages can be enhanced.Originality/valueThis paper examines the differences between SMEs and LEs in the adoption of production sourcing strategies and buyer‐supplier relationships. This study provides an implication for the management of SMEs and LEs in terms of production sourcing.