bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single Mini-incisional Blepharoplasty with the Orbicularis-Orbital Septum Fixation Technique for the Creation of a Natural Double Eyelid
Authors: Chen Bo , Ma Li , Qi Huijie , Luo Lizhou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Mini-incisional double-eyelid blepharoplasty has increasingly gained popularity in oriental populations. Moreover, many related studies have made a detailed technical introduction to this topic. This study aims to introduce a simple single mini-incisional blepharoplasty procedure with orbicularis-orbital septum fixation technique to create a physiologically natural double eyelid with no visible scar and a short postoperative recovery time.

Methods
A single mini-incisional blepharoplasty with orbicularis-orbital septum fixation technique is described in detail and is illustrated with pictures. Patients who underwent this procedure in our department from November 2020 to May 2023 were retrospectively reviewed

Results
This study included 159 patients who underwent a single mini-incisional blepharoplasty with the orbicularis-orbital septum fixation technique. Surgery duration ranged from 16 to 42 minutes (mean 27 minutes). The majority of the swelling was reduced in 5 days and completely disappeared in 2 weeks for most patients. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 31 months. All the double eyelids were natural and dynamic, and the creases were stable with no visible scar. Asymmetries occurred in 1.2% (2 of 159), and crease disappeared in 0.6% (1 of 159) of patients; during the follow-up period, no other complications were reported. Of the 159 patients, 99.4% (158) were satisfied with the surgical outcomes

Conclusions
The single mini-incisional blepharoplasty with the orbicularis-orbital septum fixation technique offers a simple, safe, and effective approach to creating double eyelids. It provides natural, stable, scarless, and rapid recovery results with a low risk of complication.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Global patterns of herbivorous reef fish productivity: the role of Prionurus laticlavius in the Galápagos
Authors: Tebbett Sterling B. , Yan Helen F. , Lutzenkirchen Lucas L. , Siqueira Alexandre C. , Bellwood David R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerbivorous fishes play important roles on coral reefs, acting as key trophic conduits of primary productivity. Whilst these roles are widely appreciated on tropical reefs, the relative contribution of fishes which inhabit marginal reefs, such as Prionurus surgeonfishes, is not well understood. Here, we examine the extent to which herbivorous fish productivity varies amongst global ecoregions, specifically considering the relative contribution of Prionurus. We also compare the productivity of Prionurus to that of other herbivorous fishes in relation to water temperatures. Our analysis revealed that the Eastern Galápagos Islands support the highest levels of herbivorous fish productivity recorded to date, with Prionurus laticlavius accounting for over 94% of that productivity. Moreover, Prionurus productivity peaked at relatively cool water temperatures (~ 22–25 °C), although patterns were driven by P. laticlavius. These results highlight the exceptional herbivorous fish productivity in the Eastern Galápagos Islands and the disproportionate contribution of P. laticlavius in this locality.
Historische Entwicklung der Diagnostik der bradykarden Rhythmusstörungen
Authors: Breithardt Günter 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Einführung der His-Bündel-Elektrographie durch Benjamin Scherlag, New York 1969, zusammen mit der programmierten Stimulation des Herzens durch Philip Coumel, Paris 1967, und Hein Wellens, Amsterdam 1972, waren entscheidende Wendepunkte auf dem Weg zur invasiven Elektrophysiologie und der Entwicklung eines eigenständigen, inzwischen ausgeprägt interventionellen Schwerpunktes der Kardiologie. Das Hauptthema der 1970er Jahre waren die bradykarden Rhythmusstörungen, gefördert von der vor etwas mehr als 10 Jahren davor eingeführten Schrittmachertherapie. Die Ableitung der Potenziale des His-Bündels sowie weiterer Ableitungsorte in den Vorhöfen und Ventrikeln erlaubte eine differenzierte Beurteilung des Erregungsablaufs und der Refraktärzeiten. Die hochfrequente Vorhofstimulation zur Bestimmung der Sinusknotenerholungszeit und die vorzeitige Einzelstimulation zur Bestimmung der sinuatrialen Leitungszeit wurden zur Analyse der Sinusknotenfunktion entwickelt. In diesem Artikel wird die Einführung der His-Bündel-Elektrographie in einer allmählich zunehmenden Zahl von Zentren in Deutschland und ihr wissenschaftlicher Beitrag beschrieben.
Expression profiles of host miRNAs and circRNAs and ceRNA network during Toxoplasma gondii lytic cycle
Authors: Wang Sha-Sha , Wang Xiangwei , He Jun-Jun , Zheng Wen-Bin , Zhu Xing-Quan , Elsheikha Hany M. , Zhou Chun-Xue 
Published: February 2024

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan parasite that is highly prevalent in the human population and can lead to adverse health consequences in immunocompromised patients and pregnant women. Noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play important regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of many infections. However, the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and circRNAs implicated in the host cell response during the lytic cycle of T. gondii are unknown. In this study, we profiled the expression of miRNAs and circRNAs in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) at different time points after T. gondii infection using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We identified a total of 7, 7, 27, 45, 70, 148, 203, and 217 DEmiRNAs and 276, 355, 782, 1863, 1738, 6336, 1229, and 1680 DEcircRNAs at 1.5, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h post infection (hpi), respectively. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the DE transcripts were enriched in immune response, apoptosis, signal transduction, and metabolism-related pathways. These findings provide new insight into the involvement of miRNAs and circRNAs in the host response to T. gondii infection.
Mixing time of random walk on dynamical random cluster
Authors: Lelli Andrea , Stauffer Alexandre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the mixing time of a random walker who moves inside a dynamical random cluster model on the d-dimensional torus of side-length n. In this model, edges switch at rate $$\mu $$
μ
between open and closed, following a Glauber dynamics for the random cluster model with parameters p, q. At the same time, the walker jumps at rate 1 as a simple random walk on the torus, but is only allowed to traverse open edges. We show that for small enough p the mixing time of the random walker is of order $$n^2/\mu $$

n
2

/
μ

. In our proof we construct a non-Markovian coupling through a multi-scale analysis of the environment, which we believe could be more widely applicable.
A deep learning approach to censored regression
Authors: Dănăilă Vlad-Rareş , Buiu Cătălin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn censored regression, the outcomes are a mixture of known values (uncensored) and open intervals (censored), meaning that the outcome is either known with precision or is an unknown value above or below a known threshold. The use of censored data is widespread, and correctly modeling it is essential for many applications. Although the literature on censored regression is vast, deep learning approaches have been less frequently applied. This paper proposes three loss functions for training neural networks on censored data using gradient backpropagation: the tobit likelihood, the censored mean squared error, and the censored mean absolute error. We experimented with three variations in the tobit likelihood that arose from different ways of modeling the standard deviation variable: as a fixed value, a reparametrization, and an estimation using a separate neural network for heteroscedastic data. The tobit model yielded better results, but the other two losses are simpler to implement. Another central idea of our research was that data are often censored and truncated simultaneously. The proposed losses can handle simultaneous censoring and truncation at arbitrary values from above and below.
Reorienting the Debate on Biological Individuality: Politics and Practices
Authors: Trappes Rose 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiological individuality is without a doubt a key concept in philosophy of biology. Questions around the individuality of organisms, species, and biological systems can be traced throughout the philosophy of biology since the discipline’s inception, not to mention the sustained attention they have received in biology and philosophy more broadly. It’s high time the topic got its own Cambridge Element. McConwell’s Biological Individuality falls short of an authoritative overview of the debate on biological individuality. However, it sends a welcome message to new and seasoned scholars to reorient the debate towards practically and politically relevant themes.
Using model-driven engineering to automate software language translation
Authors: Lano Kevin , Siala Hanan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe porting or translation of software applications from one programming language to another is a common requirement of organisations that utilise software, and the increasing number and diversity of programming languages makes this capability as relevant today as in previous decades. Several approaches have been used to address this challenge, including machine learning and the manual definition of direct language-to-language translation rules, however the accuracy of these approaches remains unsatisfactory. In this paper we describe a new approach to program translation using model-driven engineering techniques: reverse-engineering source programs into specifications in the UML and OCL formalisms, and then forward-engineering the specifications to the required target language. This approach can provide assurance of semantic preservation, and additionally has the advantage of extracting precise specifications of software from code. We provide an evaluation based on a comprehensive dataset of examples, including industrial cases, and compare our results to those of other approaches and tools. Our specific contributions are: (1) Reverse-engineering source programs to detailedsemantic modelsof software behaviour, to enable semantically-correct translations and reduce re-testing costs; (2) Program abstraction processes defined by precise and explicit rules, which can be edited and configured by users; (3) A set of reusable OCL library components appropriate for representing program semantics, and which can also be used for OCL specification of new applications; (4) A systematic procedure for building program abstractors based on language grammars and semantics.
Multi-well plate lid for single-step pooling of 96 samples for high-throughput barcode-based sequencing
Authors: Boder-Pasche Stéphanie , Demir Mustafa , Heub Sarah , Garzuel Manon , Ischer Réal , Migliozzi Daniel , Graf Siegfried , Schmid Noa , Atakan H. Baris , Gudkova Daria , Alpern Daniel , Dainese Riccardo , Deplancke Bart , Weder Gilles 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh-throughput transcriptomics is of increasing fundamental biological and clinical interest. The generation of molecular data from large collections of samples, such as biobanks and drug libraries, is boosting the development of new biomarkers and treatments. Focusing on gene expression, the transcriptomic market exploits the benefits of next-generation sequencing (NGS), leveraging RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) as standard for measuring genome-wide gene expression in biological samples. The cumbersome sample preparation, including RNA extraction, conversion to cDNA and amplification, prevents high-throughput translation of RNA-seq technologies. Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) addresses this limitation by enabling sample preparation in multi-well plate format. Sample multiplexing combined with early pooling into a single tube reduces reagents consumption and manual steps. Enabling simultaneous pooling of all samples from the multi-well plate into one tube, our technology relies on smart labware: a pooling lid comprising fluidic features and small pins to transport the liquid, adapted to standard 96-well plates. Operated with standard fluidic tubes and pump, the system enables over 90% recovery of liquid in a single step in less than a minute. Large scale manufacturing of the lid is demonstrated with the transition from a milled polycarbonate/steel prototype into an injection molded polystyrene lid. The pooling lid demonstrated its value in supporting high-throughput barcode-based sequencing by pooling 96 different DNA barcodes directly from a standard 96-well plate, followed by processing within the single sample pool. This new pooling technology shows great potential to address medium throughput needs in the BRB-seq workflow, thereby addressing the challenge of large-scale and cost-efficient sample preparation for RNA-seq.
Graphical abstract
Video quality adaptation using CNN and RNN models for cost-effective and scalable video streaming Services
Authors: Darwich Mahmoud , Bayoumi Magdy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVideo streaming services require adaptive bit rate strategies that optimize video quality based on network conditions and user preferences to provide a cost-effective and scalable solution. In this manuscript, we present a novel architecture that utilizes a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to extract features from the video stream and predict optimal bit rates for each frame. The CNN feature extractor extracts relevant features from the input video stream, which are then passed on to the RNN predictor, where the optimal bit rate is predicted to ensure a personalized viewing experience tailored to the current network conditions and specific user preferences. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture achieves significant improvements in video quality while minimizing bandwidth usage and providing a better user experience. Specifically, our results show a 37.1% improvement in average bit rate, indicating that the proposed architecture optimizes the video quality and reduces bandwidth usage by 37.1% on average. We also observed a 16.6% improvement in Quality of Experience (QoE), meaning that users will perceive the video quality as better. Additionally, rebuffering was reduced by 87.5%, indicating that users enjoy smoother video playback without interruptions. Importantly, our architecture is optimized for Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), addressing the need for efficient streaming over the most widely used protocol in the industry.
Examining Potential Psychological Protective and Risk Factors for Stress and Burnout in Social Workers
Authors: Maddock Alan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial work professionals experience high levels of stress and burnout. Stress and burnout can have a negative impact on the individual social worker, the organisations they work for, and perhaps most importantly, the quality of care that marginalised groups that are supported by social workers receive. Several work-related predictors of stress and burnout have been identified; however, no studies have examined the underlying psychological protective and risk factors which might help to explain changes in social worker stress and burnout. Using the clinically modified Buddhist psychological model (CBPM) as a theoretical framework, this cross-sectional study attempted to identify psychological protective and risk factors for stress and burnout in 121 social workers in Northern Ireland, using structural equation modelling, and conditional process analyses. This study provided promising preliminary evidence for a mediated effect CBPM as being a potentially useful explanatory framework of variation in social worker stress, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalisation. This study also provided evidence that several CBPM domains could have a direct effect on personal accomplishment. This study provides preliminary evidence that support programmes, which have the capacity to improve each CBPM domain (mindfulness, acceptance, attention regulation/decentering, self-compassion, non-attachment, and non-aversion) and reduce experiences of worry and rumination, are likely to support social workers to experience reduced stress, emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation of service users, and improvements in personal accomplishment.
Digitalization and cross-border tax fraud: evidence from e-invoicing in Italy
Authors: Heinemann Marwin , Stiller Wojciech 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The digitalization of transaction processes through tools such as electronic invoicing (e-invoicing) aims to improve tax compliance and reduce administrative costs. Another important aspect of digitalization is its potential to reduce tax fraud. We exploit the comprehensive introduction of e-invoicing in Italy in 2019 and examine the effect of increased domestic tax enforcement capabilities on cross-border value-added tax (VAT) fraud. As a proxy for this fraud, we make use of the discrepancy in trade data that are double-reported in both the importing and exporting country (trade data gap, TDG). We calculate the TDG for imports to Italy from all other EU countries at the most detailed product level. Our results suggest a significant decline in cross-border fraud in response to the introduction of mandatory e-invoicing, providing an important rationale for the application of this measure by other countries. Furthermore, we estimate that e-invoicing decreased the Italian VAT loss in 2019 by about € 2.2 billion to € 2.6 billion compared to 2018. In this context, we underpin the suitability of the TDG as an approach for the study of anti-fraud measures.
Online education in design disciplines: factors influencing the interactive experience of group learning
Authors: Mao Lei , Queiroz Francisco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere has been much previous research into online group learning, but they have not been aware of or focused on the challenges that design disciplines encounter in terms of interaction when moving to online delivery. This qualitative study comprised 3 participatory design workshops and 22 one-to-one interviews that included a total of 34 teachers and students from the School of Design at the University of Leeds. Participants reported the challenges and feelings they encountered in online group learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that the interactive experience of group learning is mainly influenced by the size of the group, the layout of the platform interface, the teacher’s management style and the conflict within the group, with more far-reaching discussions providing specific questions and subtle suggestions. The article’s findings can inform future strategies for online group learning for students and teachers of design disciplines in design higher education institutions.
Preventing Stunting in South African Children Under 5: Evaluating the Combined Impacts of Maternal Characteristics and Low Socioeconomic Conditions
Authors: Wand Handan , Naidoo Sarita , Govender Vaneshree , Reddy Tarylee , Moodley Jayajothi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMore than 140 million children under five suffered from stunting in 2020. This highlights the ongoing challenge of addressing childhood malnutrition globally. We utilized data from a nationally representative sample of children under five years of age (n = 14,151) who participated in five cycles of the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) (2008–2017). We estimated the proportion of stunted children attributed to the mothers’ anthropometric characteristics and socioeconomic conditions. We also quantified the population-level burden of low-socioeconomic conditions on hunger/food insecurity among pregnant women (n = 22,814) who participated in the nine rounds of the South African General Household Surveys (GHS) (2008–2021). Results from weighted-multivariate logistic regression were incorporated into the population-level impacts of correlates of stunting and low-socioeconomic conditions. The prevalence of stunting declined from 25% in 2008 to 23% in 2017. Mothers’ anthropometric measures (underweight/height < 160 cm), marital status, low education, absence of medical insurance and low-socioeconomic conditions were all identified as the most influential risk factors for stunting. Their population-level impacts on stunting increased substantially from 34% (in 2008) to 65% (in 2017). Comprehensive strategies emphasizing enhanced food security, extended breastfeeding, appropriate nutrition, and access to adequate healthcare and education are urgently needed to reduce the burden of food insecurity low-socioeconomic, malnutrition, and its long-term consequences.
Gender Sexuality Alliances and School Safety: Who Benefits Most, and Do Additive School-Led Practices Strengthen the Link?
Authors: Kaufman T. M. L. , Kiekens W. J. , Baams L. , Bos H. M. W. , De Looze M. E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile Gender and Sexuality Alliances (GSAs) are associated with higher acceptance of sexual diversity and lower bullying-victimization, it is unclear which individual and school-level attributes strengthen these associations. Nationally representative data (N = 1,567 students; Mage = 15.4, SD = 0.16; 34% boys, 66% girls, 51% heterosexual, 49% sexually-diverse after propensity score matching) in 139 Dutch secondary schools were used. Multilevel regression analyses revealed that GSA presence was linked to more inclusive attitudes about sexual diversity and a safer disclosure climate among sexually-diverse students, and lower general bullying-victimization when the school had a GSA combined with school practices to tackle bullying. School professionals and researchers are recommended to recognize the significance of individual and school-level factors that affect GSA correlates.
Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins: Stabilization Challenges and Biomedical Applications by Means of Nanodelivery Systems
Authors: Berselli Elisa , Coccolini Carlotta , Tosi Giovanni , Gökçe Evren H. , Oliveira M. Beatriz P. P. , Fathi Faezeh , Krambeck Karolline , Souto Eliana B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe delivery of peptides and proteins usually faces formulation development challenges attributed to the difficulties encountered in their stabilization. Nanoparticles offer an alternative to improve the physicochemical stability of such biomacromolecules, while increasing their bioavailability by overcoming biological absorption barriers. With this review, we aim to discuss the stability problems of proteins and peptides that have driven the scientific community to find in nanotechnology a valid alternative for oral administration of biomolecules. In addition, we describe the most commonly used nanoparticles for this purpose (e.g., polymers such as polylactic acid, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), polycaprolactone, modified chitosan, and lipids such as oil-in-water nanoemulsions, self-emulsified drug delivery systems, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, liposomes, as well as hybrid systems like micelles), and we show some of the most important recent applications of these nanoparticles for the delivery of proteins and peptides, including for the treatment of diabetes, viruses (such as HIV), cancer, as well as in the development of vaccines.