bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological methods of weed control in paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa) plantations
Authors: Nychkaliuk H. 
Published: April 2024

Goal. To study the dynamics of weed infestation in young paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa) plantations and develop a weed control system that ensures the successful growth and development of paulownia plantations. To investigate the possibility of using environmentally friendly methods of weed control in the paulownia plantations in the Forest Steppe zone of Ukraine.
Methods. Field methods were used in the experiment. The statistical processing of the experimental data was performed using Microsoft Office Excel.
Results. The experiment was carried out to study weed control methods and ensure efficient use of soil water. The soil in the plant zone was mulched with straw (10 cm layer), covered with black polyethylene (25 mkm) film or spanbond (100 g/ m2). In the young paulownia plantations of the 10th year of cultivation, where no weed control measures were applied, the active growth of weeds was observed. The highest number of weeds was represented by Setaria glauca L. (17.5 plants/ m2), Echinochloa crus-galli (25.2 plants/ m2), Chenopodium album (15.1 plants/ m2), Elymus repens (21.2 plants/ m2), Sinapis arvensis (7.0 plants/ m2), Convolvulus arvensis (6.7 plants/ m2), and others.
Conclusions. It was found that the mulching of young paulownia plantations with straw (10 cm layer) is an effective practice that ensures a high productivity of paulownia, with a plant height of 166 cm. The most effective method was covering the soil with black polyethylene film, with a plant height of 173 cm.
AVANCES EN TÉCNICAS DE ANESTESIA REGIONAL: BENEFICIOS Y CONSIDERACIONES.
Authors: Vera Javier Enrique Dominguez , Lorenti Denisse Johanna Romero , López Dunia Alejandra Quintero , Ron Santiago Andres Ruiz , Solis Marilyn Liliana Ramirez , Zambrano Andrea Lissette Chong , Romina Vera Alvarado Kristell , Ramos Sandra Katherine Bajaña , Herrera Katherine Lissette Rodríguez , González Wicle Arturo Vera , Ávila Luis Eduardo López , Jiménez Paola Anabel Hurtado 
Published: April 2024

La anestesia regional (AR) ha sido fundamental en la práctica médica moderna al permitir procedimientos quirúrgicos seguros y eficaces al bloquear selectivamente la sensación de dolor en regiones específicas del cuerpo. Avances significativos en las técnicas de anestesia regional (TAR) han abierto nuevas posibilidades y desafíos en la anestesiología. Objetivo: Analizar la literatura existente sobre los avances más recientes en TAR, resaltar sus beneficios potenciales y abordar las consideraciones clave que los profesionales de la salud deben tener en cuenta al aplicar estas técnicas en la práctica clínica. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, limitada a estudios publicados en los últimos 5 años. Se extrajeron datos clave de los estudios seleccionados para realizar un análisis crítico y una síntesis de la literatura revisada. Resultados: Las técnicas de anestesia regional (TAR) ofrecen beneficios como la reducción de la necesidad de anestesia general, menor riesgo de complicaciones respiratorias, mejor control del dolor postoperatorio, menor incidencia de náuseas y vómitos, y estancias hospitalarias más cortas. En cuanto a los avances recientes, se han desarrollado nuevas modalidades de bloqueo, como el bloqueo de plano facial y los bloqueos ahorradores de diafragma, que ofrecen analgesia efectiva con menos efectos adversos. El uso del ultrasonido ha mejorado la precisión y seguridad de los bloqueos nerviosos, y se han explorado nuevas formas de administración de anestésicos locales, como las inyecciones intraraciales, para mejorar la eficacia y seguridad de la anestesia regional. Además, tecnologías emergentes como la realidad virtual, la inteligencia artificial y la simulación por computadora están transformando la enseñanza y práctica de las técnicas de anestesia regional, mejorando la competencia y confianza de los profesionales. Conclusiones: Los avances en TAR están transformando la práctica clínica, ofreciendo resultados más seguros y efectivos para los pacientes. Es crucial mantenerse actualizado en este campo para garantizar la prestación de cuidados óptimos.
Explorando o Potencial Terapêutico da Cannabis Medicinal na Esclerose Múltipla
Authors: Pereira Levada Leonardo , Morgado Costa Ana Luiza , Paiva Pedro , Ferro Radicchi Leonardo , Cavalcante Ribeiro Jeferson , Della Torre Soler João Vitor , De Oliveira Lemes Maria Clara , Castelo Branco Pupe Camila 
Published: April 2024

O uso medicinal da cannabis remete à diversas sociedades antigas com os mais variados objetivos, como o controle da dor e da ansiedade. Apesar do preconceito contemporâneo pelo uso recreativo da cannabis e seus derivados, estes estão entre os medicamentos mais estudados da atualidade, em especial no tratamento de condições neurológicas refratárias, como a Esclerose Múltipla. A revisão abrangeu estudos recentes sobre o uso da cannabis medicinal no tratamento da Esclerose Múltipla (EM), destacando diferentes canabinóides e sua eficácia em sintomas como espasticidade, dor central, disfunção urinária e qualidade do sono. Enquanto alguns canabinóides mostraram benefícios significativos em estudos, como o nabiximols e o THC/CBD em spray oromucosal, a eficácia da Cannabis Sativa fumada permanece incerta. A revisão também enfatizou desafios, como efeitos adversos, falta de informações cruciais nos estudos e a emergência do VSN16R como uma potencial alternativa. Estudos sobre os efeitos a longo prazo apresentaram resultados discrepantes, ressaltando a necessidade de mais pesquisas. A análise econômica abordou a questão da custo-efetividade, destacando a importância de considerar não apenas aspectos clínicos, mas também impactos financeiros. A partir dessa revisão, conclui-se que há melhorias nos sintomas da EM, além de apontar desafios e destaca a importância de superar barreiras éticas, econômicas e políticas para avançar nas pesquisas sobre cannabis medicinal.
Effect of wearing high-heeled shoes on postural control and foot loading symmetry
Authors: Błażkiewicz Michalina , Hadamus Anna 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-heeled shoes (HHS) and experience with such footwear on foot loading and standing balance using linear and nonlinear methods.
Methods
Sixteen young female experts in wearing high-heeled shoes (HHE) and sixteen young females who occasionally wore high-heeled shoes (HHO) completed a Fall Risk Test (FRT) on the Biodex Balance System platform. They also underwent a both-leg standing test on the Zebris pressure mapping platform, both barefoot and while wearing 11cm HHS. The study analyzed several parameters, including the FRT index, foot loading parameters, linear measures of postural stability (Center of Pressure (CoP) path length and velocity), and nonlinear postural control measures (sample entropy – SampEn, fractal dimension – FD, and the largest Lyapunov exponent – LyE).
Results
HHS caused a significant increase the fall risk of more than 44%, but only in the HHE group. The presence of HHS caused a significant increase in CoP path length and CoP velocity by almost 78%. The values of these parameters increased by more than 67% in the HHO group and by more than 92% in the HHE group. HHS caused a significant increase in the values of nonlinear measures (FD and LyE) in the mediolateral direction. Higher FD and LyE values suggest the ability to react faster to destabilizing stimuli and better balance control related to plasticity and adaptability to new conditions. HHS also led to up to 70% loading on the supporting limb.
Conclusions
High heels in the population of young women significantly worsen static balance.
Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres with good biocompatibility
Authors: RunZe An  , Liang Kan  , Wentao Liu  , Wenmin Tang  , Zhan Peng Zhao  
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Curcumin and icariin have multiple pharmacological effects and are widely used in various fields, but their short half-life, poor bioavailability, and low water solubility greatly limit their application in clinical medicine. Polylactic acid–hydroxyacetic acid copolymer (PLGA) loaded microspheres not only solve these problems but also have no toxicity in degradation.
Methods
verify whether PLGA drug-carrying microspheres have good biocompatibility, the present experiments used the emulsification-solvent evaporation method to prepare PLGA drug-carrying microspheres and successfully performed the loading of curcumin and icariin.
Results
The scanning electron microscopy showed that the particle sizes of the PLGA microspheres were 2–15 μm , icariin/PLGA microspheres were 3–22 μm, and curcumin/PLGA microspheres were 5–30 μm.Moreover, the surface of the microspheres was smooth and spherical. Furthermore, the drug loading and encapsulation rate were good. In vitro experiments revealed that the prepared PLGA microspheres were safe and nontoxic, and that they could release drugs stably and slowly. Moreover, their proliferation ability was unaffected after inoculation into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and Alcian blue Staining was performed at last.
Conclusions
their proliferation ability was unaffected after inoculation into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, demonstrating their biocompatibility and important applications in tissue engineering.
Determinants of towing effectiveness in water rescue
Authors: Stanula Arkadiusz , Kula Arkadiusz , Ostrowski Andrzej , Sadowski Wojciech , Rejdych Wojciech , Karpiński Jakub 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Drownings are a societal phenomenon occurring worldwide, hence the importance of rescue skills, including directly towing a victim to a safe place. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the most effective towing techniques based on kinematic parameters, considering different types of drowning cases, for their recommendation for widespread use in water rescue.
Methods
The research involved 18 water lifeguards aged 18-25 years. The evaluation included speed tests in towing a mannequin over a distance of 50 m using the Extended Arm Tow (EAT), Double Armpit Tow (DAT), “Sailor” Technique Tow (STT), and with a rescue tube (RT), accompanied by video recording to measure in the designated measurement area the number of cyclic paddling movements by the lower limbs, angles of the body attack, towing velocity, and its decrease during towing.
Results
Number of cyclic paddling movements by the lower limbs, towing with a RT was considered the most beneficial, and least beneficial was the DAT. In the DAT, the lifeguard swam with the smallest body angle, in contrast to the STT, where this angle was the largest. The effect of the number of cyclic paddling movements and the body angle by the lifeguard was the velocity, with the highest value recorded in towing using a RT; in other techniques, velocity were similar.
Conclusions
Institutions associated with water rescue should recommend towing using a RT for direct rescue actions in the water, as its use shortens the time, while simultaneously increasing safety for both the rescuer and the victim.
Assessment: The Effectiveness of Video Media Through the Tiktok Application on Teenagers' Knowledge About Clean and Healthy Living Behavior at Junior High School Level
Authors: Doelvia Annisa , Hien Vu Thi Thu , Rathee Shivani 
Published: April 2024

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of video media through the TikTok application in increasing teenagers' knowledge about Clean and Healthy Living Behavior at the junior high school level.
Methodology: This research method is quantitative, using a questionnaire as the main instrument for collecting data which is distributed to students. The collected data was then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques to evaluate the relationship between the use of TikTok video media and teenagers' knowledge about Clean and Healthy Living Behavior.
Main Findings: The results of this research are that the use of video media through the TikTok application significantly increases teenagers' knowledge about Clean and Healthy Living Behavior at the Junior High School level. These findings demonstrate the great potential of the use of social media platforms in increasing adolescent health awareness and emphasize the importance of further exploration of innovative health education approaches.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research lies in exploring the effectiveness of using video media through the TikTok application in increasing teenagers' knowledge about Clean and Healthy Living Behavior at the Junior High School level, which highlights the importance of adapting health education strategies to developing digital trends.
Innovation of Physics E-Module: Utilizing Local Wisdom of Lampung's Handwritten Batik in Teaching Heat and Temperature Material to Foster Students' Scientific Attitude
Authors: Pela Sera Okta , Le Nguyen Nhu , Kaboro Peter Githae , Nurjamil Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Purpose of the study: The aim of this research is to investigate the implementation of a physics e-module based on the local wisdom of Lampung written batik in learning heat temperature material, with a focus on developing students' scientific attitudes.
Methodology: The research method used is research and development (R&D). The instrument used in this research to measure students' scientific attitudes. This research will involve two classes, each of which will use a different learning approach. One class will use a conventional e-book while the other class will use an e-module developed based on the local wisdom of Lampung written batik
Main Findings: The research results show that the use of this e-module is effective in improving students' scientific attitudes, such as curiosity, perseverance, and trust in scientific methods, which are important aspects in learning physics. By combining local traditions with modern scientific concepts, this approach not only enriches learning methods, but also strengthens students' cultural identity. Therefore, implementing physics e-modules based on local wisdom is a relevant strategy and has the potential to be applied in the context of physics learning in schools.
Novelty/Originality of this research: The novelty of this research lies in the combination of modern technological approaches with local cultural values. In this research, the e-module was designed by considering the rich cultural context and traditions of Lampung batik, thereby creating a relevant and interesting learning experience for students.
Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
Authors: Colman Isabel L. , Angus Ruth , David Trevor , Curtis Jason , Hattori Soichiro , Lu Yuxi (Lucy) 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For ongoing studies of the role of rotation in stellar evolution, we require large catalogs of rotation periods for testing and refining gyrochronology. While there is a wealth of data from the Kepler and K2 missions, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) presents both an opportunity and a challenge: despite its all-sky coverage, rotation periods remain hard to detect. We analyzed individual TESS sectors to detect short-period stellar rotation, using only parameters measured from light curves for a robust and unbiased method of evaluating detections. We used random forest classifiers for vetting, trained on a large corpus of period measurements in Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope data from the Oelkers et al. catalog and using TESS full-frame image light curves generated by eleanor. Finally, using data from the first 26 sectors of TESS, we analyzed 432,704 2 minutes cadence single-sector light curves for FGKM dwarfs. We detected 16,800 periods in individual sector light curves, covering 10,909 distinct targets, and we present a catalog of the median period for each target as measured by a Lomb–Scargle periodogram.
Electromagnetic Signatures of Mirror Stars
Authors: Armstrong Isabella , Gurbuz Berkin , Curtin David , Matzner Christopher D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mirror stars are a generic prediction of dissipative dark matter (DM) models, including minimal atomic DM and twin baryons in the mirror twin Higgs model. Mirror stars can capture regular matter from the interstellar medium through extremely suppressed kinetic mixing interactions between the regular and the dark photon. This accumulated “nugget” will draw heat from the mirror star core and emit highly characteristic X-ray and optical signals. In this work, we devise a general parameterization of mirror star nugget properties that is independent of the unknown details of mirror star stellar physics, and use the Cloudy spectral synthesis code to obtain realistic and comprehensive predictions for the thermal emissions from optically thin mirror star nuggets. We find that mirror star nuggets populate an extremely well-defined and narrow region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram that only partially overlaps with the white dwarf population. Our detailed spectral predictions, which we make publicly available, allow us to demonstrate that optically thin nuggets can be clearly distinguished from white dwarf stars by their continuum spectrum shape, and from planetary nebulae and other optically thin standard sources by their highly exotic emission-line ratios. Our work will enable realistic mirror star telescope searches, which may reveal the detailed nature of DM.
The On-axis Jetted Tidal Disruption Event AT2022cmc: X-Ray Observations and Broadband Spectral Modeling
Authors: Yao Yuhan , Lu Wenbin , Harrison Fiona , Kulkarni S. R. , Gezari Suvi , Guolo Muryel , Cenko S. Bradley , Ho Anna Y. Q. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
AT2022cmc was recently reported as the first on-axis jetted tidal disruption event (TDE) discovered in the last decade, and the fourth on-axis jetted TDE candidate known so far. In this work, we present NuSTAR hard X-ray (3–30 keV) observations of AT2022cmc, as well as soft X-ray (0.3–6 keV) observations obtained by NICER, Swift, and XMM-Newton. Our analysis reveals that the broadband X-ray spectra can be well described by a broken power law with f

ν
∝ ν
−0.5 (f

ν
∝ ν
−1) below (above) the rest-frame break energy of E
bk ∼ 10 keV at the observer frame t
obs = 7.8 and 17.6 days since discovery. At t
obs = 36.2 days, the X-ray spectrum is consistent with either a single power law or a broken power law. By modeling the spectral energy distribution from radio to hard X-ray across the three NuSTAR observing epochs, we find that the submillimeter/radio emission originates from external shocks at large distances ≳1017 cm from the black hole, the UV/optical light comes from a thermal envelope with radius ∼1015 cm, and the X-ray emission is consistent with synchrotron radiation powered by energy dissipation at intermediate radii within the (likely magnetically dominated) jet. We constrain the bulk Lorentz factor of the jet to be of the order 10–100. Our interpretation differs from the model proposed by Pasham et al. where both the radio and X-rays come from the same emitting zone in a matter-dominated jet. Our model for the jet X-ray emission has broad implications on the nature of relativistic jets in other sources such as gamma-ray bursts.
Quiet-time Spectra of Suprathermal Heavy Ions near 1 au in Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Authors: Alterman B. L. , Desai Mihir I. , Dayeh Maher A. , Mason Glenn M. , Ho George C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We report on the annual variation of quiet-time suprathermal heavy ion spectral indices for C through Fe in the energy range 0.3–1.28 MeV nuc−1 during Solar Cycle 23's rising phase through Solar Cycle 24's declining phase. These Advanced Composition Explorer/Ultra-Low Energy Isotope Spectrometer measurements cover 1998–2019. We show that the average quiet-time suprathermal spectral index across species is γ = 2.5 ± 0.3. Such observations may imply that quiet-time suprathermals are the result of a superposition of various underlying acceleration and transport processes that accelerate suprathermal ions. As such, they may be remnants of particles from discrete events like large and impulsive solar energetic particle events along with corotating interaction regions that have decayed in intensity.
La place des tantes dans les sociétés du haut Moyen Âge occidental ( vii e – xi e siècle)
Authors: Audebrand Justine 
Published: April 2024

Les médiévistes, à la suite des anthropologues, ont depuis longtemps mis l’accent sur l’importance des relations avunculaires dans les sociétés médiévales. Pourtant, le pendant féminin de cette relation est resté dans l’ombre : le rôle des tantes n’a que rarement été étudié. Cet article propose donc de combler cette lacune en s’intéressant au rôle des tantes dans l’Europe du haut Moyen Âge, entre le vii e et le xi e siècle. Il mêle approche sémantique quantitative et études de cas et cherche à montrer que les tantes, à l’intersection des logiques horizontales et verticales de la parenté, peuvent occuper une place importante dans l’économie familiale. Les tantes, en particulier au monastère, ont une fonction éducative pour les filles de l’aristocratie et sont également des médiatrices en cas de conflit au sein de la parenté. Leur fonction tend à se renforcer au cours du xi e siècle : elles peuvent à cette époque être considérées comme des mères, en particulier dans le monde germanique, ce qui ne semble pas être le cas auparavant. C’est également à cette époque que les conflits entre tantes et nièces se font plus visibles et permettent de cerner avec plus d’acuité les mécaniques de la parenté.
La présidentielle de 1981 et l’élection de François Mitterrand vues d’Italie
Authors: Brizzi Riccardo 
Published: April 2024

Cet essai analyse comment les élections présidentielles françaises de 1981 et la victoire de François Mitterrand aient été suivies et interprétées en Italie, en utilisant comme miroir privilégié la presse qui, au cours des années 1980, a connu son âge d’or en Italie, atteignant une diffusion inégalée. Pour la première fois dans l’histoire de la v e République, la gauche conquiert l’Élysée et ce, malgré la rupture entre le PCF et le PS, montrant la possibilité d’alternance et la vitalité des institutions quinto-républicaines. Un résultat qui attire inévitablement l’attention des observateurs italiens, aux prises avec un contexte politique et partisan « bloqué », en crise profonde, peinant à laisser derrière lui le lourd héritage du terrorisme et des années de plomb. La victoire du candidat socialiste est présentée progressivement en Italie comme le fruit naturel d’un pays dynamique et de l’aspiration massive des Français au renouveau économique et social. Il est inévitable de lire en clair-obscur une comparaison avec la scène politique italienne qui – par rapport à la France – semble être en retard sur le triple terrain de la politique, de la communication et des institutions. La crise des partis et l’impasse du système politique multiplient en Italie les voix de ceux qui souhaitent la réforme d’un système « bloqué », avec un régime parlementaire fort et un gouvernement faible, et semblent légitimer l’expérience française précisément au moment où la possibilité concrète d’une alternance politique et la fin du monopole de la droite sur les institutions de la v e République démontrent sa vitalité et son caractère tout sauf autoritaire. La réaffirmation du principe de l’alternance et de la copropriété de la v e République entre la droite et la gauche, suivie à l’élection de François Mitterrand en 1981, contribuent à rouvrir le débat sur la réforme électorale et institutionnelle en Italie, grâce aussi à la nouveauté constituée par les premiers gouvernements dirigés par des politiciens non démocrates-chrétiens, qui proposent une série de réforme visant à renforcer l’exécutif y compris l’introduction de l’élection directe à suffrage universel du Président de la République.