bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Cataract Occurrence and Visual Impairment in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals
Authors: Iqbal Hadia , Waseem Duaa , Akram Sehrish , Kazmi Syeda Aal e Zahra , Ghalib Saba , Khalid Sadia 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare cataract occurrence and visual impairment in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
Study design: It was a Descriptive Hospital based study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Holy Family Hospital in Rawalpindi from from July to December 2023.
Material and Methods: 50 patients of different age groups visited the outdoor patient’s department of Allied Hospitals Rawalpindi from July 2023 to Dec 2023 and were included in my study. Patients were exposed to various diagnostic procedures to confirm cataract and diabetes prevalence.
Results: Results are drawn based on selected variables i.e. gender, age, patients presenting with and without diabetes and cataract, visual impairment resulting from cataracts in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients.A sample population of 50 patients was studied in a hospital-based study. Out of 50 patients, 28 were male and 22 were female. Among them, 30 had diabetes, while 20 did not have diabetes. Before the refraction, a detailed fundus and lens examination was carried out. As a result, out of 30 diabetic patients, 23 had cataract and out of 20 non-diabetic patients, 12 had cataract. Fundus of most patients was normal. After that objective and subjective refraction was carried out to estimate visual impairment in these patients. Results were drawn on charts.
Conclusion: This hospital-based study highlights the increased prevalence of cataracts among diabetic patients and the greater severity of visual impairment associated with the condition. The results emphasize the critical need for regular eye examinations in diabetic individuals to enable early detection and intervention for cataract-related complications. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the intricate relationship between diabetes, cataracts, and vision health. Future studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods are recommended. Future studies with larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods could provide deeper insights into these relationships and support the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies in clinical practice.
JWST, ALMA, and Keck Spectroscopic Constraints on the UV Luminosity Functions at z ∼ 7–14: Clumpiness and Compactness of the Brightest Galaxies in the Early Universe
Authors: Harikane Yuichi , Inoue Akio K. , Ellis Richard S. , Ouchi Masami , Nakazato Yurina , Yoshida Naoki , Ono Yoshiaki , Sun Fengwu , Sato Riku A. , Ferrami Giovanni , Fujimoto Seiji , Kashikawa Nobunari , McLeod Derek J. , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Sawicki Marcin , Sugahara Yuma , Xu Yi , Yamanaka Satoshi , Carnall Adam C. , Cullen Fergus , Dunlop James S. , Egami Eiichi , Grogin Norman , Isobe Yuki , Koekemoer Anton M. , Laporte Nicolas , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Magee Dan , Matsuo Hiroshi , Matsuoka Yoshiki , Mawatari Ken , Nakajima Kimihiko , Nakane Minami , Tamura Yoichi , Umeda Hiroya , Yanagisawa Hiroto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the number densities and physical properties of the bright galaxies spectroscopically confirmed at z ∼ 7–14. Our sample is composed of 60 galaxies at z
spec ∼ 7–14, including recently confirmed galaxies at z
spec = 12.34–14.18 with JWST, as well as new confirmations at z
spec = 6.583–7.643 with −24 < M
UV < −21 mag using ALMA and Keck. Our JWST/NIRSpec observations have also revealed that very bright galaxy candidates at z ∼ 10–13 identified from ground-based telescope images before JWST are passive galaxies at z ∼ 3–4, emphasizing the necessity of strict screening and spectroscopy in the selection of the brightest galaxies at z > 10. The UV luminosity functions derived from these spectroscopic results are consistent with a double power-law function, showing tensions with theoretical models at the bright end. To understand the origin of the overabundance of bright galaxies, we investigate their morphologies using JWST/NIRCam high-resolution images obtained in various surveys, including PRIMER and COSMOS-Web. We find that ∼70% of the bright galaxies at z ∼ 7 exhibit clumpy morphologies with multiple subcomponents, suggesting merger-induced starburst activity, which is consistent with SED fitting results showing bursty star formation histories. At z ≳ 10, bright galaxies are classified into two types of galaxies: extended ones with weak high-ionization emission lines, and compact ones with strong high-ionization lines including N iv]
λ1486, indicating that at least two different processes (e.g., merger-induced starburst and compact star formation/AGN) are shaping the physical properties of the brightest galaxies at z ≳ 10 and are responsible for their overabundance.
The Doubly Librating Plutinos
Authors: Malhotra Renu , Ito Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Named for orbital kinship with Pluto, the Plutinos are a prominent group of Kuiper Belt objects whose orbital periods are in libration about a 3/2 ratio with Neptune’s. We investigate the long-term orbital dynamics of known Plutinos, with attention to the additional libration (or lack thereof) of their argument of perihelion, g, a well-known characteristic of Pluto’s orbit. We show that the g librators among the Plutinos cluster around an arc in the eccentricity–inclination parameter plane. This previously unreported dynamical structure is owed to a family of periodic orbits of the third kind in the restricted problem of three bodies, identified by Poincaré at the end of the 19th century. Approximately 16% of the currently known Plutinos exhibit g librations, a far greater fraction than the ratios of the associated libration frequencies. These results may offer new constraints for theoretical models of the dynamical history of the Plutinos and of the orbital migration history of the giant planets.
A Search for Eclipse Cycles Similar to the Hypersaros: Columbus and the Lunar Eclipse of 2025 March 14
Authors: Hartigan Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The total lunar eclipse on 2025 March 14 UT occurs nearly exactly 521 yr (one Hypersaros) after a similar eclipse on 1504 March 1 UT that is renowned for its importance to the voyage of Columbus to Jamaica. Eclipses separated by a Hypersaros have similar depths, appear very close to the same location in the sky, and occur at nearly the same time of year. This paper summarizes the results from a search for analogous cycles within the Five Millennium Catalogs of Lunar and Solar Eclipses. Under the two simple constraints of similar eclipse dates relative to the vernal equinox and similar paths of the Moon through the Earth’s shadow, the most common time intervals between lunar eclipses separated by less than 1000 yr are the 521 yr Hypersaros and a 633 yr period of the Icosa-Inex-Triple-Saros. Notable cycles at longer periods occur at 1154, 1284, 1787, 1917, and 2308 yr.
Informed Design of a Gravity Science Experiment for the Future Geophysical Investigation of the Uranian Moons
Authors: Filice Valerio , Cascioli Gael , Le Maistre Sébastien , Baland Rose-Marie , Trinh Antony , Mazarico Erwan , Goossens Sander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The outer solar system beyond Saturn remains unexplored by dedicated orbital missions. With a launch window opening in 2029, the Uranus Orbiter and Probe (UOP) mission has been prioritized as a NASA Flagship mission for the next decade (2023–2032) to comprehensively study Uranus and its major moons—Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon. We define and apply novel mission design principles centered on scientific objectives to UOP's gravity science (GS) experiment. Using a combination of Bayesian and Precise Orbit Determination inversions, it is possible to determine mission requirements ensuring the achievement of scientific goals. Our methodology involves building measurement-to-interior parameter maps via extensive Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations, linking geodetic measurements’ precisions to uncertainties in key interior parameters of the Uranian moons. We show how this mapping approach allows for the rapid evaluation of the ability of a GS experiment design to constrain interior parameters. We conduct a covariance analysis of two orbital tours, multiple measurement strategies, and inversion settings. The tested cases enable the satisfactory determination of Ariel's ice shell thickness (to about 16%), as well as its rock-to-ice mass ratio (≈28%). None of the solutions were able to constrain its ocean thickness. This reverse approach allows for the rapid and scientifically informed adjustment of mission design, thereby demonstrating its potential applicability to other planetary science experiments.
A Cross-Sectional Survey of Optometrists in Canada Regarding Referral Patterns and a Needs Assessment for an Artificial Intelligence Referral Screening Tool for Epiretinal Membrane
Authors: Shor Reut , Popovic Marko , Mihalache Andrew , Muni Rajeev H. 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective
This study evaluated optometrists' referral patterns for epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients in Ontario, Canada, and their attitudes towards an artificial intelligence (AI) tool for improving referral accuracy. An anonymous online survey with 11 questions was conducted.

Patients and Methods
The survey targeted optometrists across Ontario, Canada. The survey aimed to understand optometrists' reasons for referring ERM patients to retina specialists, their expectations of the specialists' management, and their openness to using an AI tool for triage. To prevent bias, the survey described an AI tool as an online consultation feature limited to predefined questions without directly mentioning “AI.” The main objective was to assess if this AI tool could decrease unnecessary ERM referrals to retina specialists.

Results
A total of 135 optometrists participated. They reported seeing an average of eight ERM cases monthly, referring every fourth case to a specialist. The primary referral reason (84.3%) was to evaluate for surgery. In terms of referral confidence, 34.3% felt fully confident (5/5), and 47.8% slightly less so (4/5). They anticipated that 20% of patients would have a change in management post-consultation with a specialist. When introduced to the concept of an online consultation tool for patient screening, optometrists believed it could reduce their ERM referrals by 40%.

Conclusions
Optometrists often refer ERM patients to retina specialists. An AI tool for screening ERM referrals, based on presenting vision and OCT images, could significantly lower the number of unnecessary referrals, offering clinical guidance to optometrists.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2025;56:XX–XX.]
Les représentations des Favart dans les bosquets de Bagatelle
Authors: Mele Flora 
Published: February 2025

L’article explore les spectacles des Favart à travers les manuscrits des fêtes qu’ils organisèrent dans la demeure de Madame de Monconseil à Bagatelle, mettant en lumière leur adaptation aux théâtres de la nature. Comparant les événements organisés dans les jardins de Bagatelle à ceux des jardins de Stanislas Leszczynski qui fut un hôte habituel des fêtes de Bagatelle, il révèle comment ces lieux extérieurs devinrent des scènes pour l’expression artistique et la sociabilité. Les jardins de Lunéville et des autres demeures lorraines de Stanislas étaient un véritable théâtre de verdure, offrant un cadre enchanteur pour des représentations théâtrales. De même, les jardins de Bagatelle, résidence de campagne de Madame de Monconseil et lieu de rencontre privilégié de l’élite intellectuelle, servaient de toile de fond à des spectacles adaptés à leur environnement naturel. Ces représentations, imprégnées par les idéaux des Lumières, témoignent de l’importance des théâtres de la nature comme espaces de réflexion, de divertissement et de diffusion culturelle au XVIIIe siècle.
Cirques et théâtre d’été de la ville de Dijon dans le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle (1870-1900) : l’émergence de nouveaux loisirs
Authors: Roques Sylvie 
Published: February 2025

Le souhait de répondre aux goûts pour les distractions et les loisirs est perceptible lorsque l’architecte Charles Sauger achète une partie d’un jardin pour y construire un « cirque-théâtre d’été » situé à l’entrée des allées du Parc pour des représentations équestres. L’histoire de cet édifice mérite notre attention. La consultation des différents articles de presse notamment Le progrès de la Côte d’Or ainsi que l’étude des archives municipales conservées à Dijon comme des esquisses est éclairante permet de mettre à jour à la fois le type de répertoire joué dans ce lieu, comme l’organisation de son espace et son exploitation.
Les théâtres à ciel ouvert de Bordeaux au début du XXe siècle : des projets d’ampleur pour une exploitation éphémère
Authors: Sédouy Louise de 
Published: February 2025

Au début du XXe siècle, Bordeaux voit apparaître plusieurs lieux de spectacle identifiés comme ayant un lien avec la nature. Certains restent à l’état de projets, comme le projet de Théâtre de Verdure, proposé par l’architecte Louis Süe pour le Jardin Public, mais d’autres sont bel et bien construits et dans d’imposantes dimensions : le Grand Théâtre de la Nature du Sud-Ouest et le Théâtre des Vendanges. Le premier se situe à la frontière entre la ville et la banlieue peu urbanisée, sur le Boulevard Antoine Gautier. Le second, est placé dans l’extrême centre, sur l’espace qu’offre la place des Quinconces, dédiée depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle aux divertissements et plaisirs en tout genre. Ces deux projets d’ampleur sont exploités sur des temporalités courtes (3 mois), voire excessivement courtes (3 jours), et accueillent, dans des cadres festifs, des spectacles pluridisciplinaires. Bien que situés dans des quartiers à vocation tout à fait différente, ces deux théâtres présentent néanmoins des caractéristiques similaires : théâtres à ciel ouvert, jauge gigantesque (20 000 places pour le 1er et 25 000 pour le 2nd), public en arc de cercle, exploitation éphémère, etc. L’étude de ces trois lieux sera l’occasion d’interroger le rapport à la nature de ces théâtres-géants, et par-là, la typologie de tels lieux dans un cadre résolument urbain, mais aussi d’envisager leur rayonnement local, national et international.
Clear-cell meningioma: An uncommon aggressive variant of meningioma
Authors: Tathe Shilpa P. , Jaiswal Kirti N. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Clear-cell meningioma is a rare subtype, representing 0.2–0.8% of all meningiomas. It is classified as grade 2 according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification due to its aggressive clinical course. Morphologically, it can mimic other clear-cell tumors arising in the central nervous system, each having different clinical behavior, therapeutic protocol, and prognostic outcome.

Aim:
This study aims to describe clinicopathological characteristics of clear-cell meningioma and to discuss the histomorphological features and differential diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
The demographic, clinical, radiological, histopathological features, and follow-up of the patients were recorded and analyzed.

Results:
Clear-cell meningioma constituted 1.3% of all meningiomas. The age of the patients ranged from 16–46 years (mean age – 27 years), with a slight female predominance. Follow-up varied from six months to six years. Recurrence was noted in four patients while three patients died. Histopathology revealed sheets of clear cells with prominent blocky interstitial and perivascular collagen deposition. Focal vague whorl formation and occasional intranuclear inclusions could be identified on careful search. Conventional meningothelial areas or typical psammoma bodies were not seen.

Conclusion:
Clear-cell meningioma is a rare subtype of meningioma with aggressive behavior. The presence of blocky collagen, a careful search for whorl formation, and intranuclear inclusions are helpful in approaching the correct diagnosis. An interdisciplinary approach by correlating the clinical, radiological, and histological features can enhance the accuracy of diagnosis.
A curious case of a solitary lower lip papule: A case report
Authors: Debnath Rajarshi , Roy Tripti , Das Mou 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Solitary small painless lower lip lesions are common and can be of variable etiologies, giving rise to a wide number of clinical and histopathological differentials. From a clinico-pathological perspective, the diagnostic differentials may vary from vascular malformation, basal cell carcinoma, epidermal cyst, traumatic neuroma, neurofibroma, schwannoma, neurilemmoma, skin adnexal tumor, to other mucosal neuromas. Here we are reporting one such rare case masquerading as mucocele in a patient aged 37 years who reported first time at the ENT outpatient department. On biopsy and histopathological examination, a diagnosis of palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN), an uncommon benign nerve sheath tumor, was made.
Effect of Shoulder Stability Exercises on Functional Hand Grip in Guillain–Barré Syndrome
Authors: Yadav Sanjana Prittam , Kanase Suraj 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the myelin sheaths of the peripheral nervous system. A prevalent factor is the primary weakness of proximal muscles. This weakness in the upper limbs can significantly impact hand function and create challenges when performing daily activities. The focus of this study was to assess the impact of shoulder stability exercises on enhancing functional hand grip in individuals affected by GBS.

Methods:
This randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Neuro Physiotherapy Department of the Krishna Vishwa Vidhyapeeth Deemed University, Karad. A total of 24 participants diagnosed with GBS were enrolled. In this study, subjects were randomly allocated to either the experimental or control groups. The experimental group undertook 45 min exercise sessions for 6 weeks. The shoulder stability exercises involved quadruped static positions, ball holding against the wall, prone static positions, and side sitting on both hands. The control group performed exercises for the upper limb, electrical stimulation, and hand muscle strengthening exercises. Functional outcomes were measured with the help of two tests: the modified sphygmomanometer test (MST) and the Box and Block test (BBT).

Results:
Randomization assigned 12 participants to each group. After 6 weeks, the participants in the experimental group had improved their right- and left-hand grip by 40.9 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.15–51.5) and 29.2 mmHg (95% CI: 19.3–39.3), respectively, more than those in the control group. These participants had also improved their right and left-hand function by 6.5 blocks (95% CI: 4.09–8.90) and 2.16 blocks (95% CI: 0.3–3.9), respectively, more than those in the control group.

Conclusion:
Functional hand grip improved substantially after shoulder stability exercise. The evidence suggests that these exercises optimize hand muscle recruitment by stimulating joint proprioceptors.
Systematic review of artificial intelligence enabled psychological interventions for depression and anxiety: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Joshi Amey C. , Ghogare Ajinkya S. , Madavi Priya B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety represent significant global health challenges, affecting individuals of all ages and contributing to a substantial disability burden worldwide. Despite advancements in mental health care, barriers such as cost, geographical limits, and social stigma may prevent individuals from receiving early psychological interventions. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a prominent tool to address these issues by facilitating early detection, personalized treatment, and intervention delivery for individuals experiencing depression and anxiety. Hence, the present systematic review focused on AI-enabled conversational chatbots for the identification and management of depression and anxiety. The current systematic review yielded a total of ten studies after a thorough analysis. The majority of studies were randomized controlled trials. The most frequently utilized AI method was conversational AI agents which are chatbots available through online software accessible via computers or smartphones. The investigations revealed significant outcomes by using AI for the enhancement of psychotherapy. The majority of studies showed a low risk (71.67%), indicating their reliability, while unclear studies (15%) exhibited some ambiguity without invalidating results. Conversely, studies classified as high risk (13.33%) indicated significant bias and potential errors. Chatbots have emerged as an effective medium for self-help depression and anxiety management. Studies have revealed significant positive outcomes, showing the potential of AI augmentation in psychotherapy to reduce clinical symptomatology. Notably, chatbot-delivered therapies have proven to be more successful than limited bibliotherapy, demonstrating their ability to effectively reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety while encouraging a stronger therapeutic alliance among participants.
Assessment of psychological flow as a predictor of psychological exhaustion among educational counselor using the Flow State Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Educators Survey: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alkfare-Alkferi Wedad Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
With the demanding nature of educational counseling, understanding the interplay between psychological states such as psychological flow and psychological exhaustion is crucial for counselor well-being. Previous research has highlighted the defensive role of a heightened psychological flow in mitigating psychological burnout emphasizing the need to explore this relationship. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological flow and psychological exhaustion among educational counselors using the Flow State Scale (FSS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Educators Survey (MBI-ES).

Methods:
A total of 30 educational counselors were purposively (randomly) selected ensuring diversity across educational settings. The FSS scores measured the psychological flow, whereas the MBI-ES scores assessed the psychological exhaustion among the participants. Demographic data, counseling experience, and educational backgrounds were collected. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis were applied for the comparison of the data obtained.

Results:
The participants demonstrated diverse demographic profiles with a balanced gender distribution and varied counseling experiences and educational backgrounds. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed negative correlation between the mean FSS scores (psychological flow) and the mean MBI-ES scores (psychological exhaustion) for the total sample, as well as in case of both the male and female respondents individually, indicating an inverse relationship between psychological flow and psychological exhaustion in the sample studied.

Conclusion:
The present study provides valuable insights into the inverse relationship between psychological flow and psychological exhaustion among educational counselors. The observations made in the present study have practical implications for interventions aimed at enhancing counselors’ psychological well-being by fostering positive psychological states. However, in future, more longitudinal studies are needed to establish causal relationships because of the cross-sectional nature of the present study.