bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditional estimation of sensitivity and specificity from a phase 2 biomarker study allowing early termination for futility
Authors: Pepe Margaret Sullivan , Feng Ziding , Longton Gary , Koopmeiners Joseph 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDevelopment of a disease screening biomarker involves several phases. In phase 2 its sensitivity and specificity is compared with established thresholds for minimally acceptable performance. Since we anticipate that most candidate markers will not prove to be useful and availability of specimens and funding is limited, early termination of a study is appropriate, if accumulating data indicate that the marker is inadequate. Yet, for markers that complete phase 2, we seek estimates of sensitivity and specificity to proceed with the design of subsequent phase 3 studies. We suggest early stopping criteria and estimation procedures that adjust for bias caused by the early termination option. An important aspect of our approach is to focus on properties of estimates conditional on reaching full study enrollment. We propose the conditional‐UMVUE and contrast it with other estimates, including naïve estimators, the well‐studied unconditional‐UMVUE and the mean and median Whitehead‐adjusted estimators. The conditional‐UMVUE appears to be a very good choice. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the pullback equation $(\varphi)^{*}(g)=f$
Authors: Bandyopadhyay S. , Dacorogna B. 
Published: December 2008

We discuss the existence of a diffeomorphism

\varphi: \mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{n}

such that

\varphi ^{ \ast }(g) = f

where

f,g\::\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \Lambda ^{k}

are closed differential forms and

2⩽k⩽n

. Our main results (the case

k = n

having been handled by Moser [J. Moser, On the volume elements on a manifold, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 120 (1965) 286–294] and Dacorogna and Moser [B. Dacorogna, J. Moser, On a partial differential equation involving the Jacobian determinant, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire 7 (1990) 1–26]) are that

Résumé

Nous montrons l'existence d'un difféomorphisme

\varphi \::\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{n}

satisfaisant

\varphi ^{ \ast }(g) = f

où

f,g\::\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \Lambda ^{k}

sont des formes différentielles fermées et

2⩽k⩽n

. Nos résultats principaux (le cas

k = n

a été discuté notamment dans Moser [J. Moser, On the volume elements on a manifold, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 120 (1965) 286–294] et Dacorogna et Moser [B. Dacorogna, J. Moser, On a partial differential equation involving the Jacobian determinant, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire 7 (1990) 1–26]) sont les suivants.
Existence and symmetry of least energy solutions for a class of quasi-linear elliptic equations
Authors: Jeanjean Louis , Squassina Marco 
Published: December 2008

For a general class of autonomous quasi-linear elliptic equations on\mathbb{R}^{n}we prove the existence of a least energy solution and show that all least energy solutions do not change sign and are radially symmetric up to a translation in\mathbb{R}^{n}.RésuméPour une large classe d'équations quasilinéaires elliptiques autonomes sur\mathbb{R}^{N}, on montre l'existence d'une solution de moindre énergie. On montre aussi que toutes les solutions de moindres énergies ont un signe constant et sont, à une translation près, radiales.
Moving domain walls in magnetic nanowires
Authors: Kühn Katharina 
Published: December 2008

This paper investigates the reversal of magnetic nanowires via a perturbation argument from the static case. We consider the gradient flow equation of the micromagnetic energy including the nonlocal stray field energy. For thin wires and weak external magnetic fields we show the existence of travelling wave solutions. These travelling waves are almost constant on the cross section and can thus be seen as moving domain walls of a type called transverse wall.

Résumé
Cet article présente une étude du renversement des nano-fils magnétiques par une méthode de perturbation du cas statique. On considère l'équation du flot-gradient associé à l'énergie micromagnétique en incluant l'énergie de la perturbation non locale du champ magnétique. Pour des fils fins et des champs magnétiques externes de faible amplitude, on montre que les solutions prennent la forme d'ondes progressives. Ces ondes progressives ont une amplitude pratiquement homogène sur l'ensemble de la section, et peuvent donc être assimilées à des parois de domaines transverses.
On asymptotic stability in energy space of ground states of NLS in 2D
Authors: Cuccagna Scipio , Tarulli Mirko 
Published: December 2008

We transpose work by K. Yajima and by T. Mizumachi to prove dispersive and smoothing estimates for dispersive solutions of the linearization at a ground state of a Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in 2D. As an application we extend to dimension 2D a result on asymptotic stability of ground states of NLS proved in the literature for all dimensions different from 2.

Résumé
On utilise les travaux de K. Yajima et T. Mizumachi pour prouver des estimations dispersives et régularisantes des solutions de l'équation linéarisée aux états fondamentaux de NLS in 2D. On applique ces résultats pour obtenir des extensions en dimension 2D de la stabilité asymptotique prouvée en littérature pour toutes les dimensions différentes de 2.
A high molecular weight polypeptide cross‐reacting with the antibodies to the dynein heavy chain localizes to the subset of Golgi complex in higher plant cells
Authors: Shanina Nina A. , Lazareva Elena M. , Skorova Ekaterina Y. , Chentsov Yuri S. , Smirnova Elena A. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAntibodies were produced against fragments of the microtubule‐binding domain and the motor domain of the dynein heavy chain from Dictyostelium discoideum to probe whole cell extracts of root meristem cells of wheat Triticum aestivum. In plant extracts, these antibodies cross‐reacted with a polypeptide of high molecular weight (>500 kDa). The antibodies bound to protein A‐Sepharose precipitated high molecular weight polypeptide from cell extracts. Immunofluorescence showed that the antibodies identified various aggregates inside cells, localized at the perinuclear area during interphase to early prophase, at the spindle periphery and polar area during mitosis, and in the interzonal region during phragmoplast development. Some aggregates were also co‐labeled by markers for the Golgi apparatus. Thus, we found in higher plant cells a high molecular weight antigen cross‐reacting with the antibodies to motor and microtubule‐binding domains of dynein heavy chains. This antigen is associated with aggregates distributed in the cytoplasm in cell cycle‐dependent manner. A subset of these aggregates belongs to the Golgi complex.
Cognitive complaints in a general population of older adults: Prevalence, association with pain and the influence of concurrent affective disorders
Authors: Westoby Catherine J. , Mallen Christian D. , Thomas Elaine 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTPrevious studies examining the associations between pain and cognitive complaints have been in pain clinic outpatients; there has been no research in the general population setting. A cross‐sectional postal survey of 7878 older adults, aged 50 years and over, registered with three general practices (n=11230) in North Staffordshire using self‐complete questionnaires was conducted. The questionnaire included the Alertness Behaviour Subscale from the Sickness Impact Profile to measure cognitive complaint, a full‐body manikin to record presence and location of any recent pain (past 4 weeks) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The prevalence of any cognitive complaint was 46.5%; this increased with age (41.6% in 50–59 year olds to 63.4% in 80–100 year olds) and was higher in females than males (48.6% vs. 43.8%). Reporting recent pain was associated with a statistically significant increase in also reporting any cognitive complaint (odds ratio: 2.49; 95% confidence interval: 2.2, 2.8) and altered little after adjusting for age and gender. A dose‐response relationship was seen when examining the association between pain and degree of cognitive complaint. Statistically significant associations between cognitive complaints and pain were seen across all anxiety and depression status. Cognitive complaints are common in a general population of older adults and are strongly related to the reporting of pain; a relationship which is independent of the presence of concurrent affective disorders. Taken together with previous work suggesting that subjective memory complaints are strongly correlated to risk of future cognitive decline, these results have implication for clinical practice in an aging population.
Effects of (+)‐methamphetamine on path integration and spatial learning, but not locomotor activity or acoustic startle, align with the stress hyporesponsive period in rats
Authors: Vorhees Charles V. , Skelton Matthew R. , Grace Curtis E. , Schaefer Tori L. , Graham Devon L. , Braun Amanda A. , Williams Michael T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRats treated with (+)‐methamphetamine (MA) on postnatal days (P) 11–20 exhibit long‐term spatial and path integration (Morris water maze (MWM) and Cincinnati water maze (CWM)) learning deficits whereas those treated on P1–10 do not. MA treatment increases corticosterone release in an age‐dependent U‐shaped pattern that corresponds to the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP; P4–15). Here we tested the hypothesis that the cognitive effects induced by MA are associated with treatment that begins within the SHRP. Three treatment regimens were compared, P1–10, P6–15, and P11–20. One male/female pair/litter received 0, 10, or 25 mg/kg MA/dose (four doses/day at 2 h intervals given s.c. with 19–21 litters/regimen). Locomotor activity and acoustic startle were tested as behaviors not predicted to be associated with the SHRP. Cincinnati and Morris water maze findings were consistent with the hypothesis in that MA‐treated animals exposed from P6–15 or P11–20 showed impaired learning compared to those exposed from P1–10; however, on probe trials in the Morris water maze, MA‐induced memory impairments were not regimen‐specific and were contributed to by all treatment regimens. All MA treatment regimens induced reductions in locomotor activity and acoustic startle facilitation as expected. No differential effect on prepulse trials was seen suggesting no impairment in sensory gating. Cognitive deficits from neonatal MA treatment are associated with the SHRP and may be the product of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation during critical periods of brain development.
Two stages of high-pressure metamorphism in the Main Uralian Fault area (northern Urals)
Authors: Petrov G.A. , Ronkin Yu.L. , Popov N.V. , Tristan N.I. , Kozlov P.S. 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
Metamorphism in the northern sector of the Main Uralian Fault (MUF) area, northern Urals, is considered by the example of the Salatim glaucophane-schist and Belokamenka kyanite-staurolite complexes. New isotope-geochronological dates for metamorphic rocks of the MUF area are presented. The obtained data evidence the existence of two metamorphic events, of Early and Late Devonian ages, which apparently correspond to the wedging-up of subduction paleozones.
Paleomagnetism of granites from the Angara-Kan basement inlier, Siberian craton
Authors: Didenko A.N. , Kozakov I.K. , Dvorova A.V. 
Published: December 2008

Abstract
We report a new paleomagnetic determination of Paleoproterozoic rocks from the Siberian craton which showed a positive baked contact test and a stable age of the high-temperature NRM component. The mean paleomagnetic pole of Siberia for ∼1730 Ma located at 42.9° S, 109.6° E (α95 = 5.3°) is compatible with the pole positions obtained recently for the middle and late Early Proterozoic.
Health‐related quality of life in patients with gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease under routine care: 5‐year follow‐up results of the ProGERD study
Authors: NOCON M. , LABENZ J. , JASPERSEN D. , LEODOLTER A. , RICHTER K. , VIETH M. , LIND T. , MALFERTHEINER P. , WILLICH S. N. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryBackground  Gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder associated with substantial reductions in health‐related quality of life (HRQL).Aim  To describe patterns of change in HRQL during 5 years of follow‐up in a large population of GERD patients.Methods  In 2000, a total of 6215 GERD patients were enrolled in the Progression of GERD (ProGERD) study. During follow‐up, patients received any medication considered necessary. HRQL was assessed yearly with the Short‐Form 36 and the Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia (QOLRAD) questionnaires. Associations between patient characteristics and changes in HRQL were analysed using multiple logistic regression models.Results  After 5 years, data on HRQL were available for 4597 (74%) patients. Both generic and disease‐specific HRQL improved after baseline and remained well above baseline levels in the following years. A clinically relevant decrease in QOLRAD scores was reported by 3–5% of patients. According to our multivariate analysis, a decrease in HRQL was associated with a higher reflux symptom load and the presence of night‐time heartburn.Conclusions  Only a small minority of the ProGERD population reported a clinically relevant decrease in HRQL, which was associated most strongly with nocturnal heartburn.
International validation of a health‐related quality of life questionnaire in patients with erosive gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease
Authors: HOLTMANN G. , CHASSANY O. , DEVAULT K. R. , SCHMITT H. , GEBAUER U. , DOERFLER H. , MALAGELADA J. R. 
Published: December 2008

SummaryBackground Although erosive gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent condition, there is no specific, valid, reliable and sensitive questionnaire that allows evaluating treatment‐induced changes in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).Aim To design a self‐administered questionnaire, theGERDAnalyzer(GERDyzer), for use in clinical studies.Methods The GERDyzer comprises 10 dimensions each illustrated by pictogram‐like drawings, simplifying communication with the patients. Self‐assessment is performed by 100 mm Visual Analogue Scales. For validation, a 5‐week clinical trial involving 395 patients (per‐protocol) with oesophagitis was conducted. Patients were treated with pantoprazole (40 mg o.d.) for 28 days. Psychometric analyses included internal consistency, test–retest reliability, responsiveness and construct validity.Results Factor analysis showed consistency of the dimensions and no reduction was necessary. Validation of GERDyzer indicated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.95) and test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient =0.91). Responsiveness of the total score expressed by nonparametric effect size was 1.38. Comparison of scores with other questionnaires resulted in logical correlation levels depending on the respected concepts measured.Conclusions GERDyzer proved to be highly valid, reproducible and responsive. It allows reliably assessing treatment‐induced changes in HRQoL in erosive GERD.
Seromucinous hamartomas: a clinicopathological study of a sinonasal glandular lesion lacking myoepithelial cells
Authors: Weinreb Ilan , Gnepp Douglas R , Laver Nora M , Hoschar Aaron P , Hunt Jennifer L , Seethala Raja R , Barnes E Leon , Chetty Runjan , Perez‐Ordoñez Bayrdo 
Published: December 2008

Aims:  To describe seven cases of sinonasal seromucinous hamartoma.Materials and results:  The clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of seven seromucinous hamartomas were analysed. There were four men and three women. Six lesions involved the posterior nasal septum and one the lateral wall. Size ranged from 6 to 40 mm. Four patients had no recurrences. One patient had local recurrences 24 and 60 months after diagnosis. The masses were covered by respiratory epithelium. Their stroma was oedematous to fibrous and contained invaginated respiratory epithelium forming glands and cysts, cysts with cuboidal to flat epithelium, and small serous glands, ducts and tubules with lobular and irregular haphazard patterns. One case had numerous glands surrounded by hyalinized basement membrane with features of respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma (REAH). One case had focal REAH‐like changes. Both respiratory and serous components were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19. The serous component lacked myoepithelial cells when stained for CK14, p63, calponin and muscle‐specific antigen in five cases.Conclusions:  Seromucinous hamartomas show a broader histopathological appearance than previously reported. The serous proliferation in these lesions lacks myoepithelial cells. The presence of occasional REAH‐like features and common location in the posterior nasal septum suggest a spectrum from pure seromucinous hamartoma to REAH.
Multigenerational analysis of spatial structure in the terrestrial, food‐deceptive orchid Orchis mascula
Authors: Jacquemyn Hans , Wiegand Thorsten , Vandepitte Katrien , Brys Rein , Roldán‐Ruiz Isabel , Honnay Olivier 
Published: December 2008

Summary

In long‐lived, terrestrial orchids, strong aggregation of adults and recruits within populations and pronounced spatial association between recruits and adults can be expected when seed dispersal is limited, probabilities of seed germination decrease with increasing distance from mother plants and/or not all mother plants contribute to future generations. When individuals are distributed evenly across life‐history stages, these processes can also be expected to result in a significant fine‐scale spatial genetic structure in recruits that will persist into the adult‐stage class.
We combined detailed spatial genetic and point pattern analyses across different generations with parentage analyses to elucidate the role of the diverse processes that might determine spatial structure in Orchis mascula.
Analyses of spatial point patterns showed a significant association between adults and recruits and similar clustering patterns for both. Weak, but highly significant spatial genetic structure was observed in adults and recruits, but no significant differences were observed across life stages, indicating that the spatial genetic structure present in recruits persists into the adult stage.
Parentage analyses highlighted relatively short seed dispersal distances (median offspring‐recruitment distance: 1.55 and 1.70 m) and differential contribution of mother plants to future generations.
Persistence of fine‐scale spatial genetic structure from seedlings into the adult stage class is consistent with the life history of O. mascula, whereas relatively large dispersal distances of both pollen and seeds compared to the fine‐scale clustering of adults and seedlings suggest overlapping seed shadows and mixing of genotypes within populations as the major factors explaining the observed weak spatial genetic structure.
Nonetheless, comparison of the spatial association between recruits and adults with the genetic analysis of offspring‐parent distances suggests that the tight clustering of recruits around adults was probably caused by decreasing probabilities of seed germination with increasing distance from mother plants.
Synthesis. This study shows that the approach presented here, which combines spatial genetic and spatial pattern analyses with parentage analyses, may be broadly applied to other plant species to elucidate the processes that determine spatial structure within their populations.
Phylogeny, biogeography and evolution of clutch size in South American lizards of the genusKentropyx(Squamata: Teiidae)
Authors: WERNECK FERNANDA DE P. , GIUGLIANO LILIAN G. , COLLEVATTI ROSANE G. , COLLI GUARINO R. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe lizard genusKentropyx(Squamata: Teiidae) comprises nine species, which have been placed in three species groups (calcaratagroup, associated to forests ecosystems;paulensisandstriatagroups, associated to open ecosystems). We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships ofKentropyxbased on morphology (pholidosis and coloration) and mitochondrial DNA data (12S and 16S), using maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods, and evaluated biogeographic scenarios based on ancestral areas analyses and molecular dating by Bayesian methods. Additionally, we tested the life‐history hypothesis that species ofKentropyxinhabiting open ecosystems (under seasonal environments) produce larger clutches with smaller eggs and that species inhabiting forest ecosystems (under aseasonal conditions) produce clutches with fewer and larger eggs, using Stearns’ phylogenetic‐subtraction method and canonical phylogenetic ordination to take in to account the effects of phylogeny. Our results showed thatKentropyxcomprises three monophyletic groups, withK.striataoccupying a basal position in opposition to previous suggestions of relationships. Additionally, Bayesian analysis of divergence time showed thatKentropyxmay have originated at the Tertiary (Eocene/Oligocene) and the ‘Pleistocene Refuge Hypothesis’ may not explain the species diversification. Based on ancestral reconstruction and molecular dating, we argued that a savanna ancestor is more likely and that historical events during the Tertiary of South America promoted the differentiation of the genus, coupled with recent Quaternary events that were important as dispersion routes and for the diversification at populational levels. Clutch size and egg volume were not significantly different between major clades and ecosystems of occurrence, even accounting for the phylogenetic effects. Finally, we argue that phylogenetic constraints and phylogenetic inertia might be playing essential roles in life history evolution ofKentropyx.
Thermal structure of a fossil subduction wedge in the Western Alps
Authors: Gabalda S. , Beyssac O. , Jolivet L. , Agard P. , Chopin C. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNew peak metamorphic temperatures are obtained by Raman spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material to document the thermal structure of the central Western Alps with high sampling resolution. We show that peak metamorphic T gradually increases eastward from <330 to 350 °C (ultra‐Dauphinois to subbriançonnais units), ∼350 to more than 400 °C (Briançonnais domain including the Zone Houillère where metamorphic index minerals are rare) and from 350 to more than 500 °C (Liguro–Piemontese domain). Combined with other constraints on the metamorphic evolution, this dataset reveals a good preservation of the overall thermal structure of the fossil subduction wedge, with no particular thermal overprint during collision. However, local confrontation with P–T estimates and radiometric ages reveals more subtle variations within tectonic units and across the main contacts that are linked to the past activity of the major thrusts and extensional shear zones during subduction and exhumation.
Examining the Interaction between Saving and Contributions to Personal Pension Plans: Evidence from the BHPS*
Authors: Rossi Mariacristina 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper analyses the effects of social security reforms on saving in Britain. We use the British Household Panel Survey to investigate the interactions between voluntary additional contributions to personal pension plans (PPP) and saving in conventional forms. In particular, we test whether contributions to the PPP crowd out saving or constitute additional saving. Results suggest that not only have private pension schemes not crowded out private saving, but actually they have increased it too.