bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Weed Management in Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
Authors: Islam Md. Riazul , Rahman Md. Atikur , Fahim Abu Hena Faisal , Hasan Shahriar , Nasim Fardus Ahamed , Saif Hasib Bin , Obaidullah Abu Jafor Mohammad , Tasmima Tahera , Azad Md. Abul Kalam 
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted at Regional Spices Research Centre, BARI, Magura during the cropping season of 2021-22 and 2022-23 to find out the best management practices for controlling the weed of turmeric. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nine different treatments and a control plot were studied. Significant differences regarding yield and yield attributes were observed among different treatments. The results revealed that Cyperus rotundus was the major weed constituting 51% of the total weed flora. All treatments brought significant reduction in the count of weeds over control. The lowest number of these weeds was recorded in glyphosate @ 10 ml/L+ 1 HW at 70 DAP + straw mulch @ 5 t/ha treated plot. The highest fresh yield (64.63 t/ha in 2021-22 and 58.28 t/ha in 2022-23) was found from treatment T5 (glyphosate @ 10 ml/L+ 1 HW at 70 DAP + straw mulch @ 5 t/ha) and the lowest yield (20.16 kg/ha in 2021-22 and 20.07 in 2022-23) was found from control plot T10. Maximum weed control efficiency (91.97%) was found from treatment T5 (glyphosate @ 10 ml/L+ 1 HW at 70 DAP + straw mulch @ 5 t/ha). Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was highest under glyphosate @ 10 ml/L+ 1 HW at 70 DAP + straw mulch @ 5 t/ha (3.75) followed by T6 (Paraquat @ 10 ml/L+ 1 HW (70 DAP) + straw mulch 5 t/ha (3.33).
Solvent‐free cyanosilylation of aldehydes catalyzed by SmI2
Authors: George Soney C. , Kim Sung Soo , Kadam Santosh T. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA novel method to obtain racemic cyanohydrin silylethers by reaction of trimethylsilyl cyanide with a variety of aldehydes promoted by catalysis of SmI2 is reported. The corresponding cyanosilylethers were obtained in high yields (up to 99%) in solvent‐ free conditions at room temperature within a relatively short time using 0.01–0.5 mol% catalyst loadings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A model of early molecular regionalization in the chicken embryonic pretectum
Authors: Ferran J.L. , Sánchez‐Arrones L. , Sandoval J.E. , Puelles L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe pretectal region of the brain is visualized as a dorsal region of prosomere 1 in the caudal diencephalon, including derivatives from both the roof and alar plates. Its neuronal derivatives in the adult brain are known as pretectal nuclei. The literature is inconsistent about the precise anteroposterior delimitation of this region and on the number of specific histogenetic domains and subdomains that it contains. We performed a cross‐correlated gene‐expression map of this brain area in chicken embryos, with the aim of identifying differently fated pretectal domains on the basis of combinatorial gene expression patterns. We examined in detail Pax3, Pax6, Pax7, Tcf4, Meis1, Meis2, Nkx2.2, Lim1, Dmbx1, Dbx1, Six3, FoxP2, Zic1, Ebf1, and Shh mRNA expression, as well as PAX3 and PAX7 immunoreaction, between stages HH11 and HH28. The patterns analyzed serve to fix the cephalic and caudal boundaries of the pretectum and to define three molecularly distinct anteroposterior pretectal domains (precommissural, juxtacommissural, and commissural) and several dorsoventral subdomains. These molecular specification patterns are established step by step between stages HH10 and HH18, largely before neurogenesis begins. This set of gene‐architectonic data constitutes a useful scaffold for correlations with fate maps and other experimental embryologic results and may serve as well for inquiries on homologies in this part of the brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:379–403, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neural pathways for the processing of alarm pheromone in the ant brain
Authors: Yamagata Nobuhiro , Nishino Hiroshi , Mizunami Makoto 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSocial insects like ants exhibit sophisticated communication by means of pheromones, one example of which is the use of alarm pheromones to alert nestmates for colony defense. In the ant Camponotus obscuripes, we have reported that information about formic acid and n‐undecane, alarm pheromone components, is processed in a set of specific glomeruli in the antennal lobe (primary olfactory center). Alarm pheromone signals are then transmitted, mainly via uniglomerular projection neurons (uni‐PNs), to the protocerebrum (PR), where sensory signals are integrated to form motor commands for behavioral responses. In this study, we physiologically and morphologically characterized 63 alarm pheromone‐sensitive PR neurons in ants by using intracellular recording and staining techniques. Most of the pheromone‐sensitive PR neurons had dendrites in the mushroom body (MB), the lateral horn, or the medial PR. Some neurons with dendrites in these areas responded specifically to formic acid or n‐undecane and may participate in the control of specific behavioral responses to each pheromone component. Other neurons responded also to non‐pheromonal odors, in contrast to uni‐PNs, most of which responded specifically to alarm pheromones. Responses to non‐pheromonal odors were most prominent in efferent neurons of the MB lobe, suggesting that they may participate in integration of pheromonal and non‐pheromonal information. We found a class of PR neurons that receives input in all of these pheromone‐processing areas and terminates in a variety of premotor areas. These neurons may participate in the control of pheromone‐sensitized aggressive behavior, which is triggered by non‐pheromonal sensory stimuli associated with a potential enemy. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:424–442, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stereostructural Determination by a Synthetic and NMR‐Based Approach of Three Oxazinins Isolated from Adriatic Mussels
Authors: Ciminiello Patrizia , Dell'Aversano Carmela , Fattorusso Ernesto , Forino Martino , Grauso Laura , Santelia Federico Umberto , Tartaglione Luciana , Moutsos Vassilios I. , Pitsinos Emmanuel N. , Couladouros Elias A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTwo oxazinins, namely oxazinin‐5 and ‐6, along with a related linear precursor (preoxazinin‐7) were isolated from toxic mussels collected along the Northern Adriatic coasts in October 2005. Determination of the planar structure of these novel compounds was achieved through extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, whereas a synthetic approach was crucial for their absolute stereochemical elucidation.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Large eddy simulations of incompressible turbulent flows using parallel computing techniques
Authors: Gokarn A. , Battaglia F. , Fox R. O. , Hill J. C. , Reveillon J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a detailed procedure to solve incompressible high Reynolds number turbulent flows using large eddy simulations (LES) on distributed memory machines. The filtered Navier–Stokes equations are discretized using a partial‐staggered variable arrangement and solved using a finite difference grid. A second‐order central difference scheme and sixth‐order compact scheme are employed for the spatial derivatives. A third‐order low storage Runge–Kutta method is used for the temporal derivatives. Validation of the numerical scheme is performed first by simulating a driven cavity flow and flow over a backward‐facing step. The dynamic Smagorinsky subgrid turbulence model is then validated for flow in a channel. Simulations are validated with relevant data available in literature. Since LES is computationally expensive, the solver is parallelized using message passing interface. An efficient parallel linear equation solver is utilized for solving the elliptical pressure Poisson equation. The parallel program is tested for solutions of flow in a complex flow configuration and preliminary results are compared with experimental data. Performance of the program for the same geometry is tested on a parallel cluster up to 256 processors. The novel approach in this work is the use of a partial‐staggered variable arrangement for LES of turbulent flows, obviating the need for any form of artificial dissipation that might mask the subgrid effect on the solution. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reverse micellar extraction of bromelain from Ananas comosus L. Merryl
Authors: Hemavathi Ajjipura B , Hebbar Hangalore Umesh , Raghavarao Karumanchi SMS 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: A reverse micellar system (RMS) of ionic surfactants is used for the first time for the extraction and primary purification of fruit bromelain (EC 3.4.22.33) from the aqueous extract of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merryl). The effect of various process parameters on both forward and back extraction of bromelain is studied to improve the extraction efficiency of RMS. Most of the reverse micellar extraction (RME) studies reported so far are on model systems and its application to enzyme extraction from a natural source is rarely reported.RESULTS: Studies carried out with ionic surfactants sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) confirmed that electrostatic interaction was the main driving force for the extraction of fruit bromelain. Among the two surfactants studied, CTAB was found to be the most suitable for the extraction of fruit bromelain with respect to activity recovery (97.56%) and degree of purification (4.54 fold) when employed as a 150 mmol L−1 CTAB/iso‐octane/5% (v/v) hexanol/15% (v/v) butanol system. Activity recovery with a counterionic system is higher (94.30%) in comparison with isopropyl alcohol added system (85.35%).CONCLUSION: RME could be used as an efficient primary purification step for the recovery of bromelain from pineapple juice. Reverse micellar phase components can easily be recovered and efficiently reused for fresh or subsequent extraction, which contributes favorably to the process economics and environmental issues. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in chronically petroleum‐contaminated soils in Mexico and the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on spore germination
Authors: Franco‐Ramírez Alicia , Ferrera‐Cerrato Ronald , Varela‐Fregoso Lucía , Pérez‐Moreno Jesús , Alarcón Alejandro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been hypothesized to enhance plant adaptation and growth in petroleum‐contaminated soils. Nevertheless, neither AMF‐biodiversity under chronically petroleum‐contaminated soils nor spore germination response to petroleum hydrocarbons has been well studied. Chronically petroleum‐contaminated rhizosphere soil and roots from Echinochloa polystachya, Citrus aurantifolia and C. aurantium were collected from Activo Cinco Presidentes, Tabasco, Mexico. Root colonization and spore abundance were evaluated. Additionally, rhizosphere soil samples were propagated using Sorghum vulgare L. as a plant trap under greenhouse conditions; subsequently, AMF‐spores were identified. AMF‐colonization ranged from 63 to 77% while spore number ranged from 715 to 912 in 100 g soil, suggesting that AMF tolerate the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons in the rhizosphere. From grass species, four AMF‐morphospecies were identified: Glomus ambisporum, G. sinuosum (previously described as Sclerocystis sinuosum), Acaulospora laevis, and Ambispora gerdermanni. From citrus trees, four AMF‐species were also identified: Scutellospora heterogama, G. ambisporum, Acaulospora scrobiculata, and G. citricola. In a second study, it was observed that spore germination and hyphal length of G. mosseae, G. ambisporum, and S. heterogama were significantly reduced by either volatile compounds of crude oil or increased concentrations of benzo[a ]pyrene or phenanthrene in water‐agar. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Activity in vitro of twelve antibiotics against clinical isolates of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli
Authors: Sorlózano Antonio , Gutiérrez José , Romero José María , de Dios Luna Juan , Damas Miguel , Piédrola Gonzalo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTwelve beta‐lactam and non‐beta‐lactam antibiotics were evaluated against 115 clinical isolates of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing (ESBLs) Escherichia coli using a broth microdilution test in accordance with the CLSI guidelines. Susceptibility was 100% with imipenem, ertapenem and amikacin, 95.7% with piperacillin‐tazobactam, 91.3% with cefoxitin, 87% with tobramycin, 81.7% with amoxicillin‐clavulanate, 80% with cefepime, 67.8% with ceftazidime, 27.8% with ciprofloxacin, 27% with levofloxacin and 13% with ceftriaxone. Ertapenem was the antibiotic with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for all isolates. There were no clinically relevant differences in the activity of the antibiotics in the presence of CTX‐M‐9 or SHV enzymes. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of soil compaction on microfungal community structure in two soil types in Bartin Province, Turkey
Authors: Kara Ömer , Bolat İlyas 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSoil compaction negatively influences physical properties of soil (bulk density and pore space), and may consequently limit soil microfungi, which are significant for nutrient bioavailability. We measured microfungal community responses to compaction in a sandy loam and a clay loam soil at picnic sites. Soil bulk density increased significantly in the compacted samples. However, microfungal numbers and community composition were unrelated to changes in soil bulk density. With increases in bulk density from 1.22 to 1.37 g cm–3 in the clay soil and from 1.38 to 1.54 g cm–3 in the sandy loam soil, the total number of fungi declined or showed insignificant increases. In the compacted samples as well as the control sites, the most frequently occurring genera in the clay soil were Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Gliocladium. However, the most prominent feature occurring within the sandy loam soil was the exhibition of the greatest increase in the frequency of the Fusarium genus. When comparing compacted and control soils, fungal community composition corresponded more closely within each soil texture. The two microfungal soil communities, therefore, tolerated compaction. In contrast, a difference occurred in the fungal communities between the two soil textures. This is more likely due to the variability in the controlling factors of microfungal abundance and composition, such as soil characteristics, tree species, and competitive ability of fungal genera. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Surface Micro‐Scale Semi‐Heterogeneous Structures in Compatible Polystyrene and Poly(vinyl methyl ether) Blend Thin Films Investigated by Lateral‐Force Microscopy
Authors: Wang Dong , Ishida Hatsuo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe have investigated the compatibility of thin films of polystyrene/poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PS/PVME) blends. The macro‐compatibility of the blends has been confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy (OM). The topographic image shows a homogeneous morphology with a roughness of only a few nanometers. At the same position, the lateral‐force microscopic (LFM) image shows a clear, heterogeneous surface structure. The dispersed phases have domain sizes varying from 100 to 300 nm. Force‐distance (F‐D) measurements show that both the dispersed phase and the matrix have similar behaviors. The thickness‐dependent surface morphology has also been studied; such micro‐heterogeneity already exists when the thickness is much higher than that of the ultra‐thin films.magnified image
Peroxide Assisted Coupling and Characterization of Carbon‐Nanofiber‐Reinforced Poly(propylene) Composites
Authors: de la Vega Oyervides A. , Ríos J. Bonilla , de Valle L. F. Ramos , Prado L. A. S. de Almeida , Schulte Karl 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this work is the enhancement of the interfacial interactions between isotactic poly(propylene) and carbon nanofibers. A free radical coupling reaction was carried out by heat assisted peroxide oxidation of the nanofibers prior to their incorporation to an isotactic poly(propylene) matrix. The materials were characterized through SEM, DSC, DMTA and tensile testing. An increase of up to 17% in the Young's modulus of treated to untreated composites was attained. In combination with DSC analysis, the tensile data did not point to a possible correlation between increased stiffness and increased crystallinity. The mechanical performance of the modified composites is believed to be due to two combined opposite effects: increased chemical interaction at the interface, and peroxide‐induced isotactic poly(propylene) degradation.magnified image
Poly(ferrocenylsilane)‐block‐Polylactide Block Copolymers
Authors: Roerdink Monique , van Zanten Thomas S. , Hempenius Mark A. , Zhong Zhiyuan , Feijen Jan , Vancso G. Julius 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA PFS/PLA block copolymer was studied to probe the effect of strong surface interactions on pattern formation in PFS block copolymer thin films. Successful synthesis of PFS‐b‐PLA was demonstrated. Thin films of these polymers show phase separation to form PFS microdomains in a PLA matrix, and ultrathin films (<5 nm) formed SINPATs on silicon and mica. The SINPATs consisted of strongly surface‐adsorbed PLA blocks on top of which the PFS blocks dewetted into sphere‐like features. The lateral spacing between these features was regular, and was typically much larger than the length scale associated with regular block copolymer phase separation.magnified image
Language development in Down syndrome: From the prelinguistic period to the acquisition of literacy
Authors: Abbeduto Leonard , Warren Steven F. , Conners Frances A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is associated with abnormalities in multiple organ systems and a characteristic phenotype that includes numerous behavioral features. Language, however, is among the most impaired domains of functioning in DS and, perhaps, also the greatest barrier to independent meaningful inclusion in the community. In this article, we review what is known about the extent, nature, and correlates of the language and related problems of individuals with Down syndrome. In doing so, we focus largely on the syndrome‐specific features of the language phenotype, although we also consider within‐syndrome variation. The review focuses on the prelinguistic foundations of language and the major components of language (i.e., vocabulary, syntax, and pragmatics). We also consider two topics in the treatment and education of individuals with DS: prelinguistic communication intervention and the acquisition of literacy skills. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:247–261.
Education and children with Down syndrome: Neuroscience, development, and intervention
Authors: Fidler Deborah J. , Nadel Lynn 
Published: October 2007

AbstractOf the recent advances in education‐related research in Down syndrome, the characterization of the Down syndrome behavioral phenotype has become a potentially critical tool for shaping education and intervention in this population. This article briefly reviews the literature on brain–behavior connections in Down syndrome and identifies aspects of the Down syndrome behavioral phenotype that are potentially relevant to educators. Potential challenges to etiologically informed educational planning are discussed. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. MRDD Research Reviews 2007;13:262–271.
Effect of innervation‐zone distribution on estimates of average muscle‐fiber conduction velocity
Authors: Nielsen Mogens , Graven‐Nielsen Thomas , Farina Dario 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMuscle‐fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) may be a diagnostic variable, but the factors affecting its estimate from surface electromyographic (SEMG) signals are still not fully understood. We investigated the effect of innervation‐zone distribution on estimates of average MFCV from simulated SEMG signals. Single‐fiber action potentials were simulated using a computer model that describes an idealized cylindrical volume conductor comprised of bone, muscle, subcutaneous, and skin tissues. A model describing the characteristics and control of a motor‐neuron pool was used to simulate 60 s of SEMG. Five innervation‐zone distributions, inclined with respect to the fiber direction, were simulated within the muscle tissue, based on data from the literature and an experimental analysis. Two parameters were varied concurrently: (1) excitation level (5%–100%, 5% increments); and (2) subcutaneous tissue thickness (4 and 10 mm). The MFCV estimates were affected by the distribution of innervation zones with bias varying with excitation level and thickness of subcutaneous tissue. The MFCV estimates ranged from 3.95 to 11.67 m/s for single‐differential and from 3.99 to 5.23 m/s for double‐differential recordings when all simulated motor units were assigned the same conduction velocity of 4 m/s. Amplitude and characteristic spectral frequencies were also influenced by the distribution of innervation zones. The effect of innervation‐zone distribution on MFCV estimates is thus substantial and may be a significant confounding factor in experimental and clinical studies on muscles with diffuse innervation zones. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Effects of CRF2R agonist on tumor growth and cachexia in mice implanted with Lewis lung carcinoma cells
Authors: Argilés Josep M. , Figueras Maite , Ametller Elisabet , Fuster Gemma , Olivan Mireia , de Oliveira Cibely Cristine Fontes , López‐Soriano Francisco J. , Isfort Robert J. , Busquets Sílvia 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated an effect of corticotropin‐releasing factor 2 receptor (CRF2R) agonists in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a CRF2R agonist in preserving skeletal muscle in a mouse cachexia model. Implantation of a fast‐growing tumor to mice (Lewis lung carcinoma) resulted in a clear cachectic state characterized by a profound muscle wasting. We found that administration of a CRF2R agonist (PG‐873637) at 100 μg/kg/day by means of osmotic minipumps to tumor‐bearing mice resulted in beneficial effects on muscle weight loss. Thus, muscle loss was partially reversed by the CRF2R agonist at different stages of tumor growth (at day 14 after tumor inoculation: 12% in tibialis posterior; 9% in gastrocnemius; and 48% in soleus). Moreover, the CRF2R agonist significantly reduced both the number of metastases and their mass (at day 19 after tumor inoculation: 66% and 61%, respectively). These data suggest a potentially beneficial effect of the CRF2R agonist in preserving skeletal muscle during cancer cachexia and open a line of research for the development of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of muscle wasting associated with cancer. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Novel mutation in KCNA1 causes episodic ataxia with paroxysmal dyspnea
Authors: Shook Steven J. , Mamsa Hafsa , Jen Joanna C. , Baloh Robert W. , Zhou Lan 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEpisodic ataxia type 1 (EA1) is an autosomal‐dominant neurological disease caused by point mutations in the potassium channel–encoding gene KCNA1. It is characterized by attacks of ataxia and continuous myokymia. Respiratory muscle involvement has not been previously reported in EA1. We clinically evaluated a family with features of EA1 and paroxysmal shortness of breath. Coding and flanking intronic regions of KCNA1 were sequenced. We identified a novel 3‐nucleotide deletion mutation in KCNA1 in the affected individuals. Our findings of a deletion mutation with unusual respiratory muscle involvement expand the genetic and clinical spectrum of EA1. Muscle Nerve, 2007