bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial selective denervation in spastic palsies (hyponeurotization)
Authors: Brunelli G. , Brunelli F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTreating spastic palsies is a difficult problem. Hyponeurotization is a technique in which peripheral nerves are partially and selectively denervated to diminish spasm in muscles, hence reducing spasticity and tenseness so inimical to movement. Hyponeurotization can be performed in all spastic patients who are capable of cooperating. It should be avoided in cases of athetosis and brain impairment. Partial denervation is employed to reduce spasm; tenotomies, tendon lengthening, and myoectomy are employed to increase length in retracted muscles. Secondary surgery is usually required to further correct the spasm after the “adoption” phenomenon is complete. The results with hyponeurotization have been good in a high percentage of cases in which the surgery strictly adhered to basic principles.
Preservation of the ureteral blood supply in rat renal transplantation
Authors: Khauli Raja B. , Novick Andrew C. , Choi Hyung K. , Stowe Nicholas T. , Straffon Ralph A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique of preserving ureteral blood supply in heterotopic rat renal transplantation is described. This entails leaving an intact gonadal artery in continuity with the donor aortic stump, which is anastomosed to the recipient aorta. Comparison of this technique with conventional methods wherein the spermatic artery is ligated revealed a marked decrease in the incidence of ureteral complications with the former. Preservation of adequate blood supply to the ureter in experimental rat renal transplantation provides more consistent results and lessens the risk of unnecessary animal loss.
A new technique for end‐to‐end ureterostomy in the rat, using an indwelling reabsorbable stent
Authors: Carmignani Giorgio , Farina Furio Pirozzi , De Stefani Stefano , Maffezzini Massimo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe restoration of the continuity of the urinary tract represents one of the major problems in rat renal transplantation. End‐to‐end ureterostomy is the most physiologically effective technique; however, it involves noteworthy technical difficulties because of the extremely thin caliber of the ureter in the rat and the high incidence of postoperative hydronephrosis. We describe a new technique for end‐to‐end ureterostomy in the rat, where the use of an absorbable ureteral stent is recommended. A 5‐0 plain catgut thread is used as a stent. The anastomosis is performed under an operating microscope at × 25–40 magnification with interrupted sutures of 11‐0 Vicryl. The use of the indwelling stent facilitates the performance of the anastomosis and yields optimal results. The macroscopical, radiological, and histological controls in a group of rats operated on with this technique showed a very high percentage of success with no complications, a result undoubtedly superior to that obtained with conventional methods.
An experimental model for lymphedema in rabbit ear
Authors: Gong‐Kang Huang , Yuan‐Pai Hsin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA simple, inexpensive method for producing an experimental model for lymphedema in rabbit ear is described. In 47 of 50 rabbit ears, the lymphedema could be demonstrated by measurement of ear thickness, water displacement, skin thickness, diameter of lymphatics, and histopathology of the experimental ear. Three rabbit ears failed because of technical reasons. In studying the findings of experimental lymphedema, some clinical phenomena are explained and modifications of the operative procedure of microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating lymphedema are suggested.
A modified technique to make a portacaval shunt in rats
Authors: Numata Minoru 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA simplified technique to make an end‐to‐side or a side‐to‐side portacaval shunt in rats is described. The method requires no expensive special microsurgical instruments, and when the technique is completely mastered, one can make a portacaval shunt within 10 minutes. This is very useful when making many experimental models in rats. Moreover, this technique is fundamental for doctors who are intending to train in microsurgery.
One hundred percent patency of one‐millimeter polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore‐tex) grafts in the carotid arteries of rats
Authors: Cuadros C. Luis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractExpanded polytetrafluoroethylene arterial interposition grafts with an internal diameter of 1.0 mm were placed in the carotid arteries of rats. At 2 weeks, 100% patency rate was achieved by the use of strict sterile technique in 23 rats. In contrast, only 1 out of 21 grafts remained open in rats operated using standard clean but nonsterile technique, 5% patency. All thrombosed grafts showed evidence of infection. Orally administered aspirin at therapeutic doses prolonged bleeding times in the rats but did not affect patency results in either group.
Comparison of suture technique on patency of polytetrafluoroethylene‐microarterial anastomoses
Authors: Kon Neal D. , Martin Matt B. , Meredith J. Wayne , Meredith Jesse H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts, 1 mm in internal diameter, were interpositioned in the infrarenal aortas of 20 adult Sprague‐Dawley rats with either continuous or interrupted sutures. The interrupted‐suture (I‐S) technique was used in ten rats, the continuous‐suture (C‐S) technique in the other ten. After followup of 90 days, the overall patency rate for the 20 rats was 95% (19/20); all grafts in the C‐S group were patent; one graft in the I‐S group had occluded on the day of operation. Since excellent patency rates were obtainable with these minute PTFE grafts placed in the rat aorta by either technique, the speed with which the C‐S technique can be accomplished appears to make it preferable.
Microvascular free bone transfer: Experimental technique on rat's femur
Authors: Schoofs M. , Cariou J. L. , Amarante J. , Panconi B. , Bovet J. L. , Baudet J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA technique of microsurgical femur transplantation on rats is presented. This experimental model is used for better understanding of the bone physiology in autotransplantation and in homotransplantation.
Experimental foetal microsurgery as related to myelomeningocele
Authors: Brunelli G. , Brunelli F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo study the capacity of embryono‐foetal tissue to regenerate without scar formation, experimental intrauterine surgery has been carried out in rabbits. This study has been performed with regard to the possibility of using intrauterine microsurgery to correct myelomeningocele in humans to avoid scar adhesion between the medulla and the growing vertebral bones and subsequent hydrocephalus. Lesions were produced in the spinal cord of rabbit foetuses, and observation after birth showed repair without scar formation. Further research is in progress to confirm these findings and to adapt this procedure to the clinical situation.
Microsurgical spermaticoepigastric anastomosis for treatment of varicocele
Authors: Belgrano Emanuele , Puppo Paolo , Quattrini Stefano , Trombetta Carlo , Pittaluga Paolo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFor varicocele correction, the occlusion of the internal spermatic vein is commonly performed, leaving the testis without its major pathway. Microsurgery offers the possibility to create a new venous drainage to the testis by anastomosing the internal spermatic vein with the inferior epigastric vein. Both stumps of the epigastric vein can be alternatively used, according to the different pathogenic mechanism of the varicocele. Eight patients with left varicocele were operated on using this new technique, with satisfactory results.
A new type of alloplastic spermatocele: The bridge spermatocele
Authors: Puppo Paolo , Belgrano Emanuele , Gaboardi Franco , Trombetta Carlo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new type of artificial spermatocele is proposed. A Gore‐tex cylinder is sutured to the tails of the epididymides making a bridge between the two testes. The advantages of this spermatocele are (1) use of a single puncture; (2) easy execution of the puncture because the bridge stabilizes and holds the testicles in place; (3) a greater quantity of aspirate and, therefore, easier conservation of sperm; (4) a better quality of aspirate; and (5) relative ease of the surgical procedure.
Technique of end‐to‐side portacaval shunt in fish (scyliorhinus canicula: Small dogfish)
Authors: Louis D. , Mouriquand P. , Clement G. , Rigal A. , Peres G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors describe a technique of portacaval shunt in a fish (small dogfish) using microsurgery. The techniques of anaesthesia and surgery are described and the results of eight operations are given, which show the problems of this kind of surgery, particularly with healing.
Continuous‐and interrupted‐suture technique in microsurgical end‐to‐end anastomosis
Authors: Firsching R. , Terhaag P. D. , Müller W. , Frowein R. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMicrosurgical end‐to‐end anastomosis of the carotid artery of the rat is discussed. The continuous‐suture technique is found to be less time consuming than the interrupted‐suture technique. Comparison of the flow rate of each anastomosis doesn't reveal a marked difference. Patency rate of each technique is 100%.
Microsurgical tubal anastomosis: A controlled trial in four asian centers
Authors: Rock John A. , Chang Yoon S. , Limpaphayom Kobchitt , Koetswang Surporn , Moeloek F. A. , Guzick David S. , Burkman Ronald T. , King Theodore M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn international program to determine the reversibility of female sterilization in Asia using microsurgical technique was established in 1980. One hundred eleven of 219 patients (51%) conceived following tubal anastomosis; of these, 79 delivered living children. The overall cumulative probability of conception at the end of follow‐up, as determined by life‐table analysis, was 63%. A decreased pregnancy rate was associated with anastomosis of tubes sterilized by electrocautery methods.
Physiologic isolation of the canine proximal fibular epiphysis on a vascular pedicle
Authors: Nettelblad Hans , Randolph Mark A. , Weiland Andrew J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to create a model for epiphyseal growth plate transplantation by microvascular technique, a well‐defined donor site was established. Dissection of latex‐injected adult and juvenile dogs established the vascular supply to the proximal canine fibula. By isolating 7 cm of proximal fibula on the popliteal vessels, the nutrient supply to the epiphyses, metaphysis, and diaphysis is retained. This preserves the nutrient arterial supply to the fibula originating from the cranial tibial artery, the caudal tibial artery, and the small blood vessels from these to the epiphysis. Perfusion of the graft through the defined vascular pedicle was confirmed using 141Ce‐labeled microspheres. These results showed a perfusion of the established graft that was as great as or greater than the control, unoperated side. It is concluded that the technique described for isolation can be used for developing a model for vascularized transplantation of epiphyseal growth cartilage in canines.
Experience with epigastric free flap transfer in the rat: Technique and results
Authors: Ruby Leonard K. , Greene Mark , Risitand Giovanni , Torrejon Ricardo , Belsky Mark R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have described the advantages and disadvantages of using the rat epigastric free flap as a means of studying transplantation phenomena. The study comprises 20 epigastric free flap autografts in rats. After 11/2 years of working on the model, we achieved a 75% success rate in the last 20 consecutive procedures. From our experience with this model, we feel that the rat epigastric flap has a place in the study of transplantation phenomena in the experimental laboratory. In addition, we feel that this is an excellent technical exercise for maintaining proficiency in performing microvascular anastomoses.
Microscopic anatomy of the adult human brachial plexus: An anatomical and histological basis for microsurgery
Authors: Bonnel F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOn the basis of 100 brachial plexus dissections in adult subjects, the angular variations of roots in their intrarachidian and cervical portions are examined. Serial histological sections of 21 brachial plexuses allow one to define fascicular histologic organization. These descriptions of biometric anatomical variation and complexity in histological fascicular organization help to elucidate the difficulties that must be overcome following nerve suture in order to achieve a satisfactory functional recovery.
Efficacy of polyglycolic acid (Dexon) microsutures in peripheral nerve anastomoses in the rat: 2. Perineural suture
Authors: Lee Sun , De Macedo A. R. , Hweidi S. A. , Bacchi C. E. , Wolf Paul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn 48 rats, bilateral sciatic nerves were severed and perineuriums were resutured with Dexon 10‐0 sutures. Animals were sacrificed at days 7, 14, 21, and months 2,3, and 6. The nerve segments exhibited an acute inflammatory cellular reaction to the sutures during the early period. The inflammation gradually subsided. However, the inflammatory foreign body giant cells still remained around the sutures for as long as 68 days, after which they were not present. In the additional eight rats with nylon suture anastomoses of the perineurium of the sciatic nerves, a foreign body giant cell reaction was present combined with a lymphocytic cellular infiltrate surrounding the suture for 6 months postoperatively. It is concluded that Dexon microsuture is less reactive than nylon in perineural anastomosis of severed nerve.
Resection and anastomosis of a cervical vertebral artery aneurysm
Authors: Clark Jonathan B. , Six Eric G. , Early Calvin B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA patient with a fusiform aneurysm of the cervical vertebral artery at C‐1 presenting with posterior circulation infarctions is reported. Exposure via the posterolateral approach, resection of the aneurysm, and end‐to‐end anastomosis are described. The authors emphasize the importance of the surgical approach and ability to expose and mobilize a generous portion of the cervical vertebral artery.
Observations on the effects of CO2‐laser on rat myocardium
Authors: Owen Earl R. , Canfield Paul , Bryant Ken , Hopwood Paul R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effect of CO2‐laser burn on rat myocardium was studied to evaluate a hypothesis developed by Mirhoseini and Cayton1 that infarcted myocardium may be revascularized by establishing an alternative circulation from a ventricle to the coronary arteries by means of laser channels burned through the myocardium. The hearts of 22 rats were examined histologically for a period ranging from a few minutes to 50 days after CO2 laser was applied to the myocardium. The laser initiated an intense inflammatory response in the myocardium adjacent to the target site. The authors believe that the inflammatory response, observed in this study to the Biophy‐Las 80 surgical laser, must be reduced if laser is to be an effective means of myocardial revascularization.
The free vascularized sural nerve graft
Authors: Doi Kazuteru , Kuwata Noriyuki , Kawakami Fujio , Tamaru Khoichi , Kawai Shinya 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe sural nerve was described as a new donor nerve of the free vascularized nerve graft in a fresh cadaver's dissection and in four clinical cases. The vascularized sural nerve is nourished by the cutaneous branch of the peroneal artery or the muscular perforating branch of the posterior tibial artery in our grafts. Compared to other vascularized nervegrafts, the sural nerve has many advantages: 1) A “two‐ or three‐fold nerve graft” can be designed on itself without damage to the blood supply of the nerve, 2) survival of the nerve can be reasoned by the accompanying flap and the flap can close the skin defect simultaneously without additional vascular anastomosis, and 3) sensory loss at the donor site is negligible. The final extent of sensory recovery in our clinical cases could require several months, but a quickly advanced Tinel's sign suggested the technique's superiority.
A vascularized fibula model to study vascularized canine bone grafts
Authors: Shaffer John W. , Field Gregory A. , Goldberg Victor M. , Zdeblick Thomas A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have refined the experimental canine vascularized fibula model in 26 dog experiments. Our results have demonstrated that both periosteal and endosteal blood flow are retained following end‐to‐end anastomosis of the bone graft pedicle artery and vein. The success of this model depends on detailed knowledge of the surgical anatomy and upon meticulous microvascular surgical technique.
Lesions of the kidney in tourniquet shock: Ultrastructural study
Authors: Orsi R. , Brunelli G. , Zorzi F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLight microscope and ultrastructural changes in the rat kidney in tourniquet shock are described. The animals (24) were divided into two series; in the first one, the hind limb was kept at room temperature; in the second series, prerefrigeration was used. The effects of different ischemia were studied (2,4,8, and 12 hours for warm ischemia; 4,8,12, and 16 hours for cold ischemia). The animals were sacrificed at 3, 10, and 30 days. Pathological changes were evident, consistingin an increase of cytosomes in the proximal tubules and apical vacuolation in collecting ducts; numerous cytosomes including myelin‐like structures were also seen. Large differences between warm and cold ischemia alterations were found. The changes in the tubules were clearly less important in cold ischemia. The authors conclude that there is a protective effect in regard to prevention of renal pathology affordable by prerefrigeration of a limb for reimplantation.
Surgical management of endometriosis with the carbon dioxide laser
Authors: Bellina Joseph H. , Voros Janos I. , Fick Correa , Jackson Jeff D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of reconstructive microsurgery with the carbon dioxide laser for thetreatment of infertile women suffering from endometriosis. One hundred and eight women evaluated for infertility and endometriosis underwent reconstructive microsurgery with the carbon dioxide laser. All cases were classified in accordance with the American Fertility Society's classification. Postoperatively, conception rates for the mild‐to‐moderate and the severe‐to‐extensive groups were estimated by life table methods for analysis. Estimates ofthe cumulative pregnancy rate were 55% for the mild‐to‐moderate group and 88% for the severe‐to‐extensive group. The abortion rate was 17% and the ectopic pregnancy rate was 3%.
The microneedleholderscissors and the microforceps
Authors: Owen Earl R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo new Australian‐designed instruments for microsurgery are described. These are a combination microneedleholder and scissors, and a versatile microforceps. With one of these combination instruments in each hand no additional equipment is needed for a microanastomosis of any small vessel, tube, or nerve. Ergonomically designed for the penholder handgrip their use considerably reduces the time of microanastomosis and does away with the need for both a skilled assistantand an expensive double‐operating microscope.
Rotation of scissors while fixed in the microsurgical field: A technique for increasing the surgeon's efficiency
Authors: Greenberg I. M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of mechanical support for scissors during microsurgery reduces tremor and improves the surgeon's efficiency. Rotation of such a pair of mechanically supported scissors presents further improvements as it permits the surgeon to cut in all directions while reducing the need for time‐consuming instrument transfers. Thus, one pair of scissors can be kept within the field and rotated to the required orientation for cutting.
Sutures or fibrin glue for divided rat nerves: Schwann cell and muscle metabolism
Authors: Becker Corinne M. , Gueuning Christiane O. , Graff Guy L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPeripheral nerve anastomoses using either epiperineurial sutures or a fibrinogen adhesive technique have been compared in the rat sciatic nerve model. Evaluation of results was made using radiolabelling of the metabolically active acid‐soluble phosphate fractions of both nerve and muscle. In none of the situations tested‐traumatic degeneration and regeneration in the sciatic nerve proximal segment, Wallerian degeneration and regeneration in its distal segment, atrophy and regeneration of the fast gastrocnemius muscle, and atrophy and regeneration of the slow soleus muscle‐was one repair method significantly superior to the other. A significant degree of cross‐reinnervation was shown to take place after anastomosis, altering the characteristics of the regenerating muscles. Both repair methods were equally inferior to the spontaneous repair occurring after a simple nerve crush.
Laser doppler surveillance of the circulation of free flaps and replanted digits
Authors: Hedén Per G. , Hamilton Richard , Arnander Claes , Jurell Göran 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn a series of 40 clinical free flaps and replantations the laser doppler technique has been used successfully for postoperative surveillance of circulation. A uniform flow pattern was obtained from all uncomplicated cases contrasting to the flow pattern seen in cases with thrombotic complication. The laser doppler continuously records flow of the microcirculation and is able to monitor blood flow in all types of free tissue transfer presently used as well as replantations. The laser doppler has effectively diagnosed two arterial thromboses with a characteristic flow pattern. It can distinguish venous from arterial occlusion. It can record flow in skin flaps which are difficult to judge clinically and in buried flaps, where no clinical observations are possible. The laser doppler should be used in conjunction with routine clinical observations.
Evolution and reversibility of damage to rabbit fallopian tubes after five sterilization methods
Authors: Garcea Nicola , Dargenio Ruggero , Santucci Antonio , Panetta Vincenzo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors used a scanning electron microscope to study epithelial damage to the rabbit fallopian tube after sterilization with different methods and its subsequent capacity to regenerate after recanalization. Thirty female NZW rabbits were divided into five groups and sterilized using the following methods: (1) Madlener (2) Pommeroy, (3) clips, (4) unipolar coagulation, (5) bipolar coagulation. Each group was divided into subgroups of two and submitted at differing intervals to a second laparotomy, during which one tube was removed and the other anastomosed according to Winston's method. Four weeks after the second laparotomy all the rabbits were sacrificed, the remaining tube removed, and all tubes examined with the scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that mechanical methods of occlusion such as clips offer greater recovery possibilities than those in which the lesion is extended to the mesosalpinx. There further exists a correlation between the time that elapses after sterilization and regeneration of the epithelium.
Lymphedema in the replanted limb of the rat: Scintigraphic evaluation
Authors: Kramer Elissa Lipcon , McLaws Robert , Sanger Joseph J. , Shaw William 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe sequence of scintigraphic patterns in resolving lymphedema in the replanted hind limb of the rat is reported. Compared to simple observation of the limb, scintigraphy using 99mTc‐antimony trisulfide colloid (99mTc SbSC) provides multiple qualitative parameters for assessing lymphedema, ie, diffuse uptake in the implanted limb, focal uptake at the site of surgical repair, accumulation in the popliteal node, and activity in the liver. Quantitative analysis in this model was not helpful. Scintigraphic criteria may be utilized to study the effect of alteration in the animal model described. It is hoped that this model can be used to clarify the clinical factors influencing the resolution of lymphedema.