bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Content and Language Integrated Learning in Algerian Higher Education
Authors: LADJEL Khawla , HANIFI Aissa 
Published: February 2025

This study explores the effectiveness of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in Algerian higher education, aiming to enhance the language and content proficiency of English for specific purposes students. It targets the assessment of both language proficiencies with its constituent levels phonology, morphology, semantics, and syntax. The study focuses in parallel to assess ESP students’ content proficiency considering the Four Cs; Content, Cognition, Communication, and Culture. Using an experimental design with 50 ESP students, the research employed pre-test and post-test assessments alongside structured questionnaires and classroom observations. The findings reveal significant improvements in both language learning and subject-specific knowledge following CLIL implementation. ESP Students demonstrated enhanced critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and effective communication across the Four Cs—content, cognition, communication, and culture. Language proficiency advancements were evident in phonology, morphology, semantics, and syntax, highlighting improved pronunciation, word formation understanding, semantic comprehension, and grammatical accuracy. Despite these gains, challenges surfaced in consistent scaffolding by teachers and students' application of cognitive strategies to avoid direct translation, hindering deeper language processing and complex idea expression. The study recommends ongoing professional development for teachers to refine scaffolding and cognitive strategies, and curriculum enhancements focusing on syntactical complexities and diverse communication tasks tailored to student needs. Addressing these recommendations can optimize CLIL's benefits and provide students with better preparation for global academic and professional demands.
Predicting the Spread of COVID-19 in Riau Province Using the Recurrent Neural Network Method
Authors: Siringo ringo Ivan Daniel , Hanif Muhammad Abi , Agustina Riska , Sari Putri , Fitri Adilla Anisa , Fauzi Rifky 
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the world, including Riau Province, Indonesia. Predicting case developments accurately is crucial for controlling the virus's transmission. The purpose of this study is to forecast COVID-19 cases in the province of Riau by employing a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Between March 2020 and August 2021, data on daily cases, deaths, and recoveries was collected. After testing the RNN model with a range of look-back values, the ideal values were found to be 20 days for daily cases and 10 days for daily recoveries and deaths. The model's ability to precisely capture the trend of real data was demonstrated by how closely it matched. Strong predictive performance was indicated by the resulting RMSE values, which were 435.31 for daily cases, 13.61 for daily deaths, and 331.95 for daily recoveries.
Rancang Bangun Alat Penakar Gula Pasir Dan Bubuk Kopi Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Mariam  , Husain Nursuci Putri , Syarifuddin Baco  , Rosmiati  
Published: February 2025

Abstrak

Gula dan Kopi merupakan dua dari sembilan kebutuhan penting masyarakat indonesia dan cara takarnya masih menggunakan sistem manual. Mengingat perkembangan zaman yang semakin caggih dibutuhkan alat takar yang lebih mudah dan lebih modern. Tujuan penelitian Merancang alat penakar gula pasir dan bubuk kopi berbasis Arduino agar proses penakaran gula atau kopi lebih efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah Research and Development (R&D) menghasilkan alat penakar menggunakan kaypad sebagai penginput data dan Arduino memprosesnya sehingga di respon oleh motor servo, Sensor Infared dan Loadcell, menguji keefektifan fungsi alat. Hasil pengujian alat penakar gula pasir dan bubuk kopi berbasis Arduino dilakukan dengan menghubungkan adaptor dengan terminal, dimana adaptor menerima aliran listrik sebesar 12 volt 15 ampere, kemudian masuk pada mikrokontroler yang dimana pada penelitian ini menggunakan Arduino uno kemudian disuplay ke keypad, LCD, servo, sensor infared dan loadcell. Kesimpulan alat penakar gula pasir dan bubuk kopi menggunakan sensor infared yang mendeteksi adanya wadah dan motor servo dengan otomatis berhenti jika terisi sesuai yang diinginkan.

Kata Kunci: Takaran, Gula, Kopi, Loadcell, Sensor.

Abstract

Sugar and coffee are two of the nine important needs of the Indonesian people and the dosage method still uses a manual system. Given the increasingly sophisticated times, easier and more modern measuring tools are needed. The purpose of the study is to design a granulated sugar measuring tool and arduino-affective. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D). The measuring too uses a keypad as a data input and arduino processes it, so that it is responded by servo motors, infared sensor and loadcells to test the effectiveness of tool functions. The test results of the arduino-based granulated sugar and coffe powder measuring devise were carried out by connecting the adaptor with the terminal, were the adaptor received an electric current of 12 volts 15 ampers. Then granulated sugar and coffee grounds enter the microcontroller. Which in this study uses Arduino Uno. It is supplied to the keypad, LCD, servo, infared sensor and load cell. As the conclusion the granulated sugar and coffee powder measuring device uses an infared sensor that detects the presence of containers and servo motor automatically stop if they are filled as desired.

Keywords: Dosing, Sugar, Coffee, Load Cell, Sensor.
Sistem Pakar Analisis Kesehatan Jantung Menggunakan Metode Photopethismography (PPG) Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Ningsih Sri Wahyuningsih , El Fazza Fahri , Burhanuddin Nur Isnayanti 
Published: February 2025

Jantung merupakan organ tubuh manusia yang memiliki fungsi vital, kelainan kecil bisa berpengaruh besar pada kinerja kesehatan manusia.Untuk memantau kondisi detak jantung dibuatkan alat sistem pakar analisis kesehatan jantung menggunakan metode Photoplethysmography (PPG) berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dirancang untuk memantau detak jantung secara real time. Alat ini menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266, pulse sensor, dan aplikasi blynk untuk mengukur dan menampilkan detak jantung. Untuk mengetahui keakuratan alat dilakukan pengambilan data sampel sebanyak 7 orang lansia dengan rentan usia 60-75 tahun dengan lansia perempuan sebanyak 6 orang dan laki-laki 1 orang. Sistem ini bekerja dengan menggunakan teknik photoplethismography (ppg) untuk mendeteksi detak jantung. Tampilan dari sistem pakar ini berupa grafik detak jantung dengan kondisi normal, takikardia, dan bradikardia. Kondisi normal apabila detak jantung berada pada angka 60-100 beat per minute (bpm) dan bradikardia kondisi ketika jantung berdetak lebih lambat dari normal sedangkan takikardia dimana kondisi detak jantung di atas 100 bpm. Pengujian terhadap alat ini menunjukkan tingkat error tertinggi atau kesalahan pengukuran maksimum sebesar 0,74% dan memiliki keakuratan sebesar 90%. Alat ini diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi praktis bagi lansia dalam memantau kondisi detak jantung tanpa harus mengunjungi fasilitas medis, sekaligus membuka peluang pengembangan lebih lanjut seperti pengukuran oksigen darah (SpO2) dan bisa mencoba menggunakan sensor lain untuk mendeteksi detak jantung.
Assessing the quality of life among African medical and health science students using the WHOQOL-BREF tool
Authors: Galgam Fatima Alzahra , Abdalla Adil , Shahin Mahmoud , Yousif Magda , Abdulrahman Nahla , Alamoudi Fatmah , Ahmad Mehrunnisha , Yahia Amira , Sidiq Mohammad , Chahal Aksh , Ahmad Fuzail , Shaphe Mohammad Abu , Nambi Gopal , Rizvi Moattar Raza , Kashoo Faizan 
Published: February 2025

Background
The quality of life (QoL) among health professional students is available in the literature, yet there is a paucity of information concerning QoL among African students. The study aimed to measure the QoL with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) tool among African medical and health science students.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 349 African medical and health science students from various disciplines at the International African University in May 2024. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit participants from five different faculties. Data were collected using the WHOQOL-BREF tool, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and multiple linear regression to determine the predictors of QoL among students.

Results
The overall QoL among 349 African medical and health science students was moderate, with a mean score of 67.5% ± 10.8%. The highest mean scores were observed in the physical health domain (69.3% ± 12.0%), while the lowest scores were in the environmental domain (62.9% ± 12.0%). The multiple regression analysis using demographic data as predictors of QoL revealed that dentistry students were significant predictors of higher overall QoL scores compared to other student groups (β = 7.059, p < 0.05), as well as specific QoL domains including physical health (β = 6.328), psychological health (β = 8.415), social relationships (β = 7.823), and environment (β = 7.017). Furthermore, students from the fields of laboratory sciences and medicine significantly predicted higher scores in the physical health domain (β = 5.223) and the psychological health domain (β = 4.433), respectively. Age was also a significant predictor; students aged between 20 and 23 years showed a positive impact on social relationship domain of QoL (β = 10.296). However, second year (β = −11.146), third year (β = −13.629), and fourth-year students (β = −10.144) exhibited lower social relationship domain of QoL scores.

Conclusion
Students of medical and health sciences in Africa exhibited moderate quality of life (QoL). The findings indicate that dentistry students generally experience higher QoL across multiple domains, which contrasts with students from other disciplines, such as pharmacy and nursing. Age and academic year were also significant predictors of QoL, with younger students and those in their initial years of study reporting lower scores. These results align with existing literature and underscore the need for targeted interventions to support students, particularly those in high-stress disciplines or at earlier stages of their education.
Molecular Detection of blaNDM-1 Gene of Escherichia coli isolates from Different Clinical Samples in Khartoum State
Authors: Aloob Husham M Taha , Alhag Amal Alfatih Babeker , Ali Abdelhakam H , Ismail Samia S Mohamed , Arman Amira H , Ibrahem Ahmed AbdElhadi Abdlhamed , Wahaj.M.M  , Hussein Waleed Abdelateif 
Published: February 2025

Background: Increasing reports on NDM-1 producing E. coli constitute a serious threat to global health since it is found to be highly resistant to most of the currently available antibiotics, including carbapenems family like Meropenem and Imipenem.
Objective: This study aim to detect the NDM-1 Gene in E. coli isolates recovered from the various clinical samples (85(85%) from urine, 10(10 %) wound swabs, 3(3%) sputum and 2(2%) vaginal swabs) at Khartoum state in Sudan.
Materials and Methods: A total of 100 E. coli isolates were recovered from various clinical samples at Khartoum state. The isolates were identified at the species level using standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using the Kirby-Bauer method, the following antibiotics disks were used: amoxicillin (30µg), Cefepime (30µg), Ceftriaxone (30µg), Cefpodoxime (10µg), Meropenem(10µg) and Imipenem (10µg). DNA was extracted using boiling (100%) method, and they were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction detection of bla NDM-1 gene.
Results: The E. coli recovered in this study were highly resistant to cephalosporins, including Cefepime (60%) Ceftriaxone (81%), and found to be completely resistant to the Cefpodoxime (100%). Similar high level of resistance was also observed amongst the E. coli isolates to Penicillin including Amoxicillin (82%), Also showed reduced susceptibility to the Carbapenems including meropenem and imipenem at the rate of (94%) and (90%) respectively, in which 9 isolates harbored NDM-1 gene.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the incidence of bla NDM-1 gene in E. coli isolates (9%). This finding is less than that obtained from previous study. The differences in the time of study, the number and sites of sample collection, and the differences in the antibiotics' use and consumption may explain this.
Corporate Governance and Audit Delay of Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Iyekekpolor A. E. , Ozele C. E. , Olufemi G. 
Published: February 2025

This study is on corporate governance and the influence of audit delay on firms in Nigeria. The study is guided by two specific objectives. These are to examine the influence of board size on audit delay of firms in Nigeria, and secondly, to determine the effect of board independence on audit delay of firms in Nigeria.
From the 19,200 total staff of the six firms, each from the six geopolitical zones that make up the Nigeria, a sample size of 400 was derived by the use of Taro Yamane formula. Structured questionnaire was used to gather data from the respondents and the hypotheses were tested using regression analysis. The results show that board size significantly influence audit delay of some firms in Nigeria and the board independent significantly influence audit delay of some firms in Nigeria. Therefore, it could be concluded that corporate governance significantly influence audit delay of some firms in Nigeria. The following recommendations are therefore suggested. Firstly, adequacy, in terms of relevant experience and number of members required should be given serious consideration when selecting members into the board. Secondly, dual loyalties of members should be minimized. Situation where executive members of management dominate decision making should not be entertained, because the purpose of the audit report is to access the activities of management in the organization for the period under review.
Cost-Effectiveness of Strategies for Treatment Timing for Perinatally Acquired Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Curtis Megan Rose , Epstein Rachel L. , Pei Pamela , Linas Benjamin P. , Ciaranello Andrea L. 
Published: March 2024

ImportancePrevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among pregnant people is increasing in the US. HCV is transmitted vertically in 7% to 8% of births. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy was recently approved for children with HCV who are 3 years or older. The clinical and economic impacts of early DAA therapy for young children with HCV, compared with treating at older ages, are unknown.ObjectiveTo develop a state-transition model to project clinical and economic outcomes for children with perinatally acquired HCV to investigate the cost-effectiveness of treating at various ages.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe study team modeled the natural history of perinatally acquired HCV to simulate disease progression and costs of a simulated a cohort of 1000 US children with HCV from 3 years old through death. Added data were analyzed January 5, 2021, through July 1, 2022.InterventionsThe study compared strategies offering 8 weeks of DAA therapy at 3, 6, 12, or 18 years old, as well as a comparator of never treating HCV.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes of interest include life expectancy from 3 years and average lifetime per-person health care costs. Other clinical outcomes include cases of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).ResultsThe study team projected that treating HCV at 3 years old was associated with lower mean lifetime per-person health care costs ($148 162) than deferring treatment until 6 years old ($164 292), 12 years old ($171 909), or 18 years old ($195 374). Projected life expectancy was longest when treating at 3 years old (78.36 life years [LYs]) and decreased with treatment deferral until 6 years old (76.10 LYs), 12 years old (75.99 LYs), and 18 years old (75.46 LYs). In a cohort of 1000 children with perinatally acquired HCV, treating at 3 years old prevented 89 projected cases of cirrhosis, 27 cases of HCC, and 74 liver-related deaths compared with deferring treatment until 6 years old. In sensitivity analyses, increasing loss to follow-up led to even greater clinical benefits and cost savings with earlier treatment.Conclusions and RelevanceThese study results showed that DAA therapy for 3-year-old children was projected to reduce health care costs and increase survival compared with deferral until age 6 years or older. Measures to increase DAA access for young children will be important to realizing these benefits.
Wave Manipulation in Intelligent Metamaterials: Recent Progress and Prospects
Authors: Wu Bin , Jiang Wei , Jiang Jiaqing , Zhao Zinan , Tang Yuqi , Zhou Weijian , Chen Weiqiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetamaterials (MMs), which include phononic crystals (PCs) as a particular type, exhibit anomalous wave propagation properties through artificial design of topologies or lattice forms of unit‐cells. Recent advancements in MMs signify an ascendant research trend, providing promising design ideas and means for unprecedented wave propagation properties. The imperative for on‐demand, real‐time active control of wave propagation underscores the significance of tunable manipulation of acoustic/elastic waves, promoting the design and development of tunable MMs. Furthermore, the versatility of intelligent materials and their ongoing development and innovation contribute significantly to the emergence of diverse intelligent MMs. This comprehensive survey provides an overview of recent advancements and current research trends in the interdisciplinary field of intelligent MMs with electro‐/magneto‐mechanical couplings. The primary objective of the review is to emphasize significant progress in agile manipulation of acoustic/elastic waves in electro‐/magneto‐mechanical coupled MMs, followed by an in‐depth exploration of intelligent metasurfaces, topological MMs, non‐Hermitian parity‐time symmetric wave systems, odd elastic MMs, and spatiotemporally modulated MMs. Special emphasis is given to multi‐field coupling effects. The review concludes with a summary and outlines potential prospects, offering a timely and informative guide for future studies on actively tunable PCs and MMs in practical engineering applications.
Multi‐Functional Spin Photogalvanic Device Based on 2D Half‐Metallic Ferromagnets
Authors: Fu Zhentao , Yan Pinglan , Li Jin , He Chaoyu , Ouyang Tao , Tang Chao , Zhong Jianxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGenerating fully spin‐polarized currents (FSPC) and pure spin currents (PSC) are of great importance for spintronics. Half‐metallic ferromagnets, which generate 100% spin polarization, are considered as one of the most promising materials for applications in spintronics. However, the knowledge of intrinsic half‐metallic materials in the spin‐dependent photogalvanic effect is still poorly understood. Using first‐principle transport calculations, a robust approach is introduced to obtain FSPC and PSC by spin‐dependent photogalvanic effect in intrinsic half‐metallic materials. Based on the recently synthesized monolayer half‐metallic C(CN)3, a 2D spin photogalvanic device is built and it is demonstrated that the FSPC can be achieved in a wider photon energy range under both linearly and elliptically polarized light due to the half‐metallicity. It is intriguing to note that the device can be easily manipulated to transition between two modes: one for generating FSPC and another for generating PSC by setting the two leads in anti‐parallel configurations. Furthermore, a significant spin‐valve effect can be attained across various photon energies for both linearly and elliptically polarized light. The research shows that half‐metallic materials are an ideal platform for studying and generating FSPC and PSC, which presents a remarkable avenue for the development of advanced spintronic devices in the next generation.
2‐Oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes: Synthesis, Properties, and Validation as Bioisosteres of ortho‐ and meta‐Benzenes
Authors: Levterov Vadym V. , Panasiuk Yaroslav , Shablykin Oleh , Stashkevych Oleksandr , Sahun Kateryna , Rassokhin Artur , Sadkova Iryna , Lesyk Dmytro , Anisiforova Anna , Holota Yuliia , Borysko Petro , Bodenchuk Iryna , Voloshchuk Nataliya M. , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have developed a general and practical approach towards 2‐oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes with two and three exit vectors via an iodocyclization reaction. The obtained compounds have been easily converted into the corresponding building blocks for use in medicinal chemistry. 2‐Oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes have been incorporated into the structure of five drugs and three agrochemicals, and validated biologically as bioisosteres of ortho‐ and meta‐benzenes.
Boryl Ancillary Ligands: Influencing Stability and Reactivity of Amidinato‐Silanone and Germanone Systems in Ammonia Activation
Authors: Wang Yuwen , Crumpton Agamemnon E. , Ellwanger Mathias A. , McManus Caitilín , Aldridge Simon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile the nucleophilic addition of ammonia to ketones is an archetypal reaction in classical organic chemistry, the reactivity of heavier group 14 carbonyl analogues (R2E=O; E=Si, Ge, Sn, or Pb) with NH3 remains sparsely investigated, primarily due to the synthetic difficulties in accessing heavier ketone congeners. Herein, we present a room‐temperature stable boryl‐substituted amidinato‐silanone {(HCDippN)2B}{PhC(tBuN)2}Si=O (Dipp=2,6‐iPr2C6H3) (together with its germanone analogue), formed from the corresponding silylene under a N2O atmosphere. This system reacts cleanly with ammonia in 1,2‐fashion to give an isolable sila‐hemiaminal complex {(HCDippN)2B}{PhC(tBuN)2}Si(OH)(NH2). Quantum chemical calculations reveal that the formation of this sila‐hemiaminal is crucially dependent on the nature of the ancillary ligand scaffold. It is facilitated thermodynamically by the hemi‐lability of the amidinate ligand (which allows for the formation of an energetically critical intramolecular N⋅⋅⋅HO hydrogen bond within the product) and is enabled mech‐anistically by a process in which the silanone initially acts in umpolung fashion as a base (rather than an acid), due to the strongly electron‐releasing and sterically bulky nature of the ancillary boryl ligand.
Electrochemical Azo‐free Mitsunobu‐type Reaction
Authors: Guo Quanping , Jiang Yangye , Zhu Rongjin , Yang Wenhui , Hu Pengfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe classic chemical Mitsunobu reaction suffers from the need of excess alcohol activation reagents and the generation of significant by‐products. Efforts to overcome these limitations have resulted in numerous creative solutions, but the substrate scope of these catalytic processes remains limited. Here we report an electrochemical Mitsunobu‐type reaction, which features azo‐free alcohol activation and broad substrate scope. This user‐friendly technology allows a vast collection of heterocycles as the nucleophile, which can couple with a series of chiral cyclic and acyclic alcohols in moderate to high yields and excellent ee's. This practical reaction is scalable, chemoselective, uses simple Electrasyn setup with inexpensive electrodes and requires no precaution to exclude air and moisture. The synthetic utility is further demonstrated on the structural modification of diverse bioactive natural products and pharmaceutical derivatives and its straightforward application in a multiple‐step synthesis of a drug candidate.