bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Protection by Lidoflazine during One-Hour Normothermic Global Ischemia
Authors: Daenen W. , Flameng W. 
Published: November 2007

The cardioprotective effects of lidoflazine, a drug with calcium homeostatic properties, were studied in 12 dogs (6 drug-treated and 6 controls) subjected to 1-hour normothermic global ischemia. None of the control dogs could be weaned from the extracorporeal bypass after 30 minutes of reperfusion. In contrast, all acutely pre-treated animals were able to support their own circulation. Recovery of pre-ischemic values in this group was 97 ± 3% for systolic aortic pressure, 69 ± 7% for diastolic aortic pressure, 97 ± 10% for left ventricular pressure, and 84 ± 11% for cardiac output. Electron microscopy and calcium cytochemistry were done on left ventric ular biopsies taken before, during, and after ischemic arrest. In the control group, severe damage to the sarcolemma and the mitochon dria was found at the end of the ischemic period and became more prominent after 5 and 30 minutes of reperfusion. There was great accumulation of calcium in the damaged mitochondria. In the lidoflazine-treated dogs, these lesions were largely prevented. These findings suggest a strong cardioprotective effect of lidoflazine during severe myocardial ischemia.
Effect of Calcium-Entry-Blockers on Arterioles, Capillaries, and Venules of the Retina
Authors: Nihard P. 
Published: November 2007

In 48 cases with well-documented retinal vasculopathy, the therapeutic effect of cinnarizine and flunarizine over a period of several months to 3 years has been clinically evaluated. Objective measurements comprised determination of visual field and acuity, funduscopy, three-mirror funduscopy, and fluorangiography with determination of capillary leakage and circulation time. The most prominent features were disappearance of cotton wool nodules, improvement of visual function and capillary perfusion, inhibition of capillary leakage, and a positive hemokinetic effect in arteriolar, capillary, and venous beds. Degeneration of post-ganglionic fibers was partly restored. In some patients with glaucoma, the aspect of the optic disc was normalized. It is concluded that selective calcium-entry-blockers clearly improve tissue perfusion in ischemic areas.
Hereditary Factors in Takayasu's Disease
Authors: Isohisa Ichiro , Numano Fujio , Maezawa Hidenori , Sasazuki Takehiko 
Published: November 2007

In an attempt to provide support for the genetic link theory as related to the etiology of Takayasu's disease, we analyzed simultaneously A, B, and D loci of HLA antigens in 75 Japanese patients with the disease. Serving as control were 128 healthy Japanese. A statistically significant high frequency of BW52 and DHO was confirmed with the levels being 25.6 and 10.4, respectively, in the X2 test. A haplotype of A9-BW52-DHO was frequently evident in these patients as compared to the controls, and here also the statistical difference was significant. There appears to be a closer relationship of the gene to BW52 than to DHO. A survey of the homozygote of BW52 revealed 6 of 75 patients with BW52; however, statistically speaking, this rate did not differ from the expected one. Thus, our analysis of HLA illustrates the genetic factors involved in Taka yasu's disease. The genes are located between the B and D loci and are closer to BW52 than DHO and these genes have a dominant character.
The Effect of Age, Blood Pressure and Gender on the Incidence of Premature Ventricular Contractions
Authors: Kostis John B. , McCrone Katherine , Moreyra Abel E. , Hosler Maryhelen , Cosgrove Nora , Kuo Peter T. 
Published: November 2007

In order to study the effect of age, blood pressure and gender on premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography was performed on 338 apparently normal subjects (Group I; 209 men, 129 women, age 17 to 69, mean 48.5 ± 11.7) and on 100 subjects with normal hearts proven by extensive invasive and noninvasive testing (Group II; 51 men, 49 women, age 16 to 68, mean 48.8 ± 10.2). Apparently normal subjects (Group I) had a higher prevalence of PVCs (61.8% vs. 39.0%, p<0.001) and of complexity (16.3% vs. 4.0%, p<0.003) than subjects with normal hearts (Group II). The distribution of subjects according to PVC frequency was bimodal in Group I and unimodal in Group II. PVC prevalence increased with age in both the apparently normal group (p<0.001), and in the group with normal hearts (p<0.025). On the contrary, apparently normal (Group I) men had almost twice the PVC prevalence (74.6% vs. 41.1%, p<0.001) and complexity (20.1% vs. 10.1%, p<0.25) than appar ently normal women, while gender had no effect on PVC prevalence in subjects with normal hearts (Group II). Systolic blood pressure was also associated with PVC prevalence (p<0.001) and complexity (p<0.02) in apparently normal subjects (Group I) but not in subjects with normal hearts (Group II). These data indicate: that apparently normal subjects have higher preva lence of PVCs and of PVC complexity than subjects with normal hearts, FIG. 1. Distributions of Normal (Top) and Apparently Normal (Bottom) Subjects Accord ing To The Number of PVC Per 24 Hours. probably because of undetected cardiac disease; that the increase in PVC prevalence with age is not necessarily due to cardiac disease; and that PVC complexity in apparently normal subjects should raise the suspicion of cardiac disease especially in men, in subjects with hypertension and in the older age group.
Traumatic Rupture of the Ascending Aorta: A Case Report
Authors: Violon D. , Steppé R. , Welch W. , Primo G. 
Published: November 2007

A patient with a rupture of the ascending aorta after a non-penetrating chest trauma is presented. The aortic tear, angiographically demonstrated, was situated just above the left coronary ostium. Only three examples of angiographically established cases of rupture of the ascending aorta were found in the literature. The point that the distal tip of the catheter should be placed proximally in the ascending aorta, is emphasized. After operation the patient went well.
Renal Haemodynamics in Essential Hypertension Assessed by 133-Xenon Washout and Selective Renal Angiography
Authors: Gatta Angelo , Merkel Carlo , Pessina Achille C. , Milani Loredano , Sacerdoti David , Zuin Renzo 
Published: November 2007

The renal and intrarenal haemodynamic pattern in 17 patients with essential hypertension of different severity and duration was studied by means of the 133-Xenon washout technique and the selective renal angiography. The mean and the cortical renal blood flows were on average significantly decreased as compared to the controls. A good agreement was found between the reduction in renal perfusion and the degree of vascular abnormalities as shown by angiography; on the contrary no correlation was found between the impairment in renal blood flow and the degree and/or duration of hypertension.
Noninvasive Assessment of Left Ventricular Wall Stress in Chronic Congestive Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Gould Lawrence , Gopalaswamy C. , Chandy F. , Abdou O. 
Published: November 2007

In 1969, our group first reported that the intravenous administration of phentolamine can improve cardiac performance in patients with heart failure. 1 Positive inotropism and a reduction in afterload were shown to be the mechanisms that led to cardiac improvement. Since that time the literature is replete with articles attesting to the benefits of vasodilator drugs in the treat ment of acute and chronic heart failure. A reduction in impedance or afterload should produce beneficial hemodynamic effects in patients with left ventricular volume overload due to aortic insufficiency or mitral insufficiency. This has been verified using an intravenous infusion of nitroprusside, 2,3 phentolamine4 and hydralazine.5,6 The effects of vasodilators on left ventricular wall stress can now be evaluated noninvasively. Recently Wilson and his group7 documented that nitroglycerin can effectively reduce the peak and end systolic wall stress in patients with aortic regurgitation. These authors concluded that the beneficial action of nitroglycerin on muscle mechanics might retard left ventricular enlargement and hypertrophy and consequently delay the onset of myocardial dysfunction. Prazosin is an oral drug with sustained vasodilator properties similar to nitroprusside which is widely used in the treatment of heart failure. This drug is a quinazoline derivative structurally unrelated to other vasodilator drugs pre sently available. It acts principally by blockade of vascular alpha-adrenergic receptors. It selectively blocks the postsynoptic or alpha 1 receptor while having little affinity for the pre-synoptic or alpha 2 receptor.
Double-Blind Study of Papaverine Hydrochloride on the Efficacy in the Treatment of Intermittent Claudication
Authors: Seino Yoshihiko , Rose Harold B. , Kanazawa Masakuni , Vyden John K. , Wall Francis J. 
Published: November 2007

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups study design was utilized to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of papaverine HCL (PA, 300- 1,500 mg/day) in the treatment of intermittent claudication. The study was in two phases: Phase I-6 weeks duration with treadmill claudication tests and doppler ankle/brachial pressure studies every 2 weeks to establish disease stability; Phase II-12 weeks double-blind evaluation of PA versus placebo (PL) with treadmill claudication tests and doppler ankle/brachial pressure studies every 4 weeks. Intermittent claudication was documented by symptoms, his tory and objective evidence of decreased blood supply to the lower ex tremities : decreased resting and post-exercise ankle/brachial pressure indices (A/B Pr), diminished segmental pulse-volumes and physical findings. Data were collected to determine the distance to initial pain (IP), rapidly increasing pain (RIP) and absolute claudication (AC) during treadmill tests and also the changes in resting and post-exercise A/B Pr. In 20 patients who completed this study, the distance to RIP was increased 43% by PA and decreased 2% by PL (p=0.012). PA increased the distance to AC by 29%, but was decreased by 1% in PL (p=0.039). The A/B Pr studies showed significant less decrease in 1 minute and 2.5 minutes post exercise A/B Pr at 12 weeks in PA patients as compared to those in PL patients.
Cross-Striated Undulant Structure of the Aorta in Neonates, Children and Young Adults
Authors: Tanimura Akira , Cho Takanori , Nakashima Teruyuki 
Published: November 2007

Some aortas of neonates and of children have intimal wrinkles which run closely packed and horizontally across the longitudinal axes. In the beginning of this century this structure was called "Wellenlinien", but there has been little investigation concerning their formation. Some wrinkle structures showed the transformation to atherosclerotic foci in infants. These wrinkles seemed to play an important role for atherogenesis in young subjects. In this paper, we will report the result of observations on these structures in neonates, children and young adults.
The Effect of Withdrawal of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade on Intermittent Claudication
Authors: Lepäntalo Mauri , von Knorring Johan , Lindfors Olof , Scheinin T.M. 
Published: November 2007

Twenty-eight patients with intermittent claudication were studied before and one month after withdrawal of treatment with beta-adrenergic blocking drugs* for hypertension, coronary heart disease or both. Heart rate, blood pressure, ankle/arm systolic blood pressure ratio and ankle pulse volume recording (PVR) at rest and after treadmill exercise were recorded, as well as walking distance, time of recovery from subjective symptoms, restitution time of pressure ratio and PVR. A control group of 14 patients, whose beta- adrenergic blocking drugs were not withdrawn, was also included. The result can be summarized as showing that withdrawal of beta-blockade was not demonstrably advantageous in patients with intermittent claudication. Significant improvement was observed only during the first month of the trial, a change which was independent of withdrawal of beta-blockade. The relief of subjective symptoms after exercise occurred significantly faster after with drawal of nonselective beta-blockade. Otherwise, there was no difference between nonselective and cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking drugs.
The Value of Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Popliteal Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Nan Weiner Shelley , Hoffman Janet , Bernstein Robert G. , Koenigsberg Mordecai 
Published: November 2007

Although popliteal artery aneurysms are among the most common type of peripheral artery aneurysm, 1,2,3,4 they may be difficult to diagnose until com plications such as peripheral embolization, acute thrombosis 6 and rupture occur. Pressure on adjacent structures may cause neurological symptoms and venous thrombosis. The diagnosis of peripheral artery aneurysms is usually made by physical examination and arteriography. Recently, ultrasound of the popliteal space has been found to be very useful in the diagnosis of popliteal artery aneurysms.5,6,7 It is therefore important to recognize the value of ultrasound for imaging popliteal artery aneurysms and to use this readily available non-invasive mod ality in patients in which physical examination and/or angiography of the popliteal fossa is equivocal. We present one case of a popliteal artery aneurysm which was missed by angiography and physical examination in which ultrasound was very important in diagnosing this aneurysm pre-operatively, and two cases in which the ultrasound examination confirmed the presence of the popliteal artery aneurysm but better delineated its size than did angiography.
Cold Pressor Test and Variant Angina
Authors: Kawano Tomoki , Okabe Masanori , Arakawa Kikuo 
Published: November 2007

A transient complete coronary occlusion due to spasm was induced by the cold pressor test in a 51-year-old man with variant angina. Arteriography before the test revealed a normal left coronary artery and only minor irregularities of the mid-portion of the right coronary artery. Three minutes after cold stimulation, angina pectoris accompanied by ST-segment elevation was observed in lead II ECG. Simultaneous coronary arteriography during the attack showed a complete occlusion of the proximal right coronary artery due to spasm. The anginal attack together with spastic occlusion disappeared after administration of 0.8 mg of nitroglycerin. Thus, the cold pressor test can trigger coronary artery spasm and may even lead to a total occlusion in patients with variant angina. Individuals with variant angina may be subjected to additional risk when exposed to cold temperatures.
A Study of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy in Hepatic Coma Complicating Acute Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Singh Ram , Singh M.M. , Hazra D.K. , Agarwal N. , Patney N.L. , Goyal S.P. , Bansal O.P. , Mehrotra M.P. , Sharma S.K. 
Published: November 2007

Thirty cases of viral hepatitis with and without coma and 15 normal healthy age and sex matched controls were studied for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Cases of viral hepatitis with coma showed strong evidence of DIC in the form of increased plasma FDP (240 ± 190.64 dilution), diminished fibrinogen half life (48.1 ± 15.3 hours) and increased fractional catabolic rate (46.13 ± 14.7% per day) with normal Euglobulin clot lysis time and reduced fibrinogen (147.33 ± 43.5%) and platelet count (1.27 ± 0.324 lakhs/cm.). The possible role of heparin in the reversal of coagulation abnormalities have been discussed.
The Use of the Subclavian Vein for Temporary Transvenous Pacemaker Therapy
Authors: Papasteriadis E.G. , Afentoglou S.N. , Athanasopoulos C.B. , Aravanis C.H. 
Published: November 2007

Temporary artificial pacing of the heart has been available clinically for the past twenty years. 1 It was introduced as a life saving procedure for the treatment of complete arterioventricular (A-V) block and other symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. Recent developments in the field of cardiac pacemakers have resulted in pacemaker application in a wide variety of patients and the technique chosen may vary considerably with the purpose. It is of value to separate the indications for temporary pacing into urgent, semi-urgent and elective. Application of this mode of therapy requires access to the heart, a pulse generator capable of emitting a controlled electrical stimulus, and a conducting channel. In each of these areas a technology and body of knowledge has been developed. Subclavian venipuncture with catheterization is a practical procedure for the prolonged or continuous intravenous administration of different kinds of fluids. The technique of the insertion of temporary pacing lead and the point of entry vary with the indication for the procedure and the skill and experience of the operation. 2 For the insertion of a temporary pacing electrode, several veins can be utilized; femoral, anticubical, external and interval jugular, and subclavian. Successful electrode insertion can be accomplished with relative ease through each of these veins. Selection of a vein depends upon the clinical
Chronic Heart Failure in the Elderly: Vasodilator Therapy
Authors: Satinsky Jonathan D. 
Published: November 2007

The clinical efficacy of vasodilator therapy in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure specifically in the elderly population has not been previously reported. Fifteen patients age 72 to 91 years with symptomatic heart failure were given vasodilator in addition to a digitalis and diuretic regimen. Seven received hydralazine 100-400 mgms. per day plus nitrates and 8 were treated with prazosin 6-60 mgms. per day, 6 of whom received additional nitrates. Initial systolic blood pressure was 130-220 mm Hg (166±25.3). This gradually fell with recurrent failure and increasing doses of medications. Heart rate remained relatively unchanged. Side effects were similar to these reported in younger patients. The only serious incident occurred in the one patient receiving minoxidil when aggressive angina developed culminating in nonfatal myocardial infarction. Implications and possible precautions are discussed. Duration of effectiveness was variable but a program of evaluation by nurses at home often allowed for early recognition of decompensation. Read justment of medication commonly alleviated symptoms, increased exercise tolerance and decreased the frequency of rehospitalization.
Comparison Between Segmental and Selective . Blood Flow Volume of the Lower Limbs: A Plethysmographic and Ultrasonic Study of Normal Subjects at Rest
Authors: Marquis C. , Meister J.J. , Mooser E. , Mosimann R. 
Published: November 2007

In order to find the correlations existing between segmental and selective arterial blood flow volume, 20 healthy subjects have been submitted to calf venous occlusion plethysmography and Multichannel Digital Pulsed Doppler examination of the common femoral and popliteal arteries at rest. We found a linear correlation only between mean popliteal artery blood flow volume and plethysmographic calf blood flow volume (r=0,41; p<0,01). We therefore suggest that venous occlusion plethysmography should not be used for the assessment of aorto-iliac and common femoral hemodynamics after direct arterial reconstructive surgery. Its use should be complementary to pulsed Doppler blood flow volume determination at the femoro-popliteal level, along with the usual pressure measurement.
Phonomechanocardiographic Findings in Endomyocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Carvalho Fernando R. , Matos Sandra , Victor Edgar G. , Saraiva Lurildo , Brindeiro Filho Djair , Maranhao Efren , Moraes Carlos R. 
Published: November 2007

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a severe restrictive cardiomyopathy charac terized by the formation of fibrous tissue on the endocardium and to a lesser extent in the myocardium of one or both ventricles. The disease results in endocardial rigidity, atrioventricular valve dysfunction and progressive obliteration of the ventricular cavity. The clinical and pathological findings of EMF have been well established and definitive diagnosis can be made by selective cineangiocardiography.1-5 However, there are few reports concerning the phonomechanocardiographic (PMCG) patterns in this condition. In this paper we describe the PMCG findings in 12 patients with EMF which is now recognized with increasing frequency in the Northeast of Brazil.
Intracavernous Injection of Papaverine as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Method in Erectile Failure
Authors: Virag R. , Frydman D. , Legman M. , Virag H. 
Published: November 2007

The effect of intracavernous injection of papaverine (ICIP) has been investigated in 45 men: 6 normally potent volunteers, 10 psychogenic, and 29 organic impotent males. The first two groups obtained erections within 10 minutes, lasting from 1 to 4 hours, after injection of 80 mg of papaverine. Those belonging to the organic group experienced delayed, weaker and shorter erections, related to various degrees of arterial and/or veinous and neurologic lesions. Haemodynamic and radiologic studies done concomitantly, showed a strong vasodi lation in the penile arteries (even when pathologic) and a diminished outflow from the cavernous bodies. Subsequently, a pilot study was performed in a series of 63 patients suffering from various degrees of angiogenic impotence, in order to study the therapeu tic effect of repeated intracavernous injections of papaverine completed by intracavern ous infusion of heparinized saline. Erections improved significantly in 66% of the patients with a mean follow up of one year.
The Role of the Oculopneumoplethysmography in Detecting Postendarterectomy Carotid Stenosis or Thrombosis
Authors: AbuRahma A.F. , Osbornet Linda 
Published: November 2007

The oculopneumoplethysmography has been a well established tool in the diagnosis of significant carotid artery stenosis; however, very few articles have studied the role of the OPG/Gee in detecting the postendarterectomy stenosis or thrombosis. The purpose of this article is to study that role. Eighty-two patients who had carotid endarterectomy and postoperative OPG/Gee were reviewed and compared with carotid arteriograms. Sixteen of these had bilateral and 66 had unilateral carotid endarterectomy. Seventy-nine of these patients had angiograms and three were explored. The total arteries studied were 98. Thirteen of these oculopneumoplethysmograms were done in the recovery room and the rest a few days to three years later. A carotid stenosis of 50% or more in diameter was considered significant. There were 10 positive oculopneumoplethysmograms, nine of which were confirmed by angiograms; i.e., 10.0% false positive rate. There were also three positive oculopneumoplethysmograms which were explored in surgery and found to be thrombosed ; i.e., a total of 13 positive oculopneumoplethysmograms, 12 of which were confirmed which made the real false positive rate 7.7%. Eleven patients had positive arteriograms, nine of which had positive oculopneumoplethysmograms; i.e., 81.8% diagnostic sensitivity (9/11). Eighty-four arteries were considered normal by arteriogram (11 of which had insignificant stenosis), 83 of these had negative oculopneumoplethysmograms; i.e., 98.8% diagnostic specificity (83/84). The false negative rate was 2.4% (2/85). The overall accuracy rate was 96.8% (92/95). If the three explored arteries were added, the overall accuracy rate would be 96.9% (95/98). To conclude, the OPG/Gee is a valuable tool in detecting immediate postendarterectomy thrombosis or recurrent stenosis. The oculopneumoplethysmography has been well established as a tool in detecting significant carotid artery stenosis. However, very few articles studied the value of the oculopneumoplethysmography in detecting the postendarterectomy stenosis, whether immediate postoperative occlusion or recurrent carotid artery stenosis. The purpose of this paper is to study the value of the OPG/Gee in detecting the postoperative carotid stenosis or occlusion.