bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fruit phytochemicals: antioxidant activity and health-promoting properties
Authors: Danyo Emmanuel Kormla , Ivantsova Maria 
Published: April 2024

Synthesized in plants, polyphenols are powerful antioxidants and protect against stressful conditions. We aimed to identify different kinds of phytochemicals in fruits and provide detailed information on the roles they play in promoting good health in the human body. We also discussed the biological activities of phytochemicals found in several fruits.
Google Scholar and PubMed databases were used to search for relevant information that could assist in answering our research questions. We selected and reviewed both research and review articles related to the purpose of our study.
Fruits contain numerous antioxidants which neutralize the negative impact of free radicals on the body. Free radicals are destructive species that can be produced during normal body metabolism or come from exogenous sources such as smoking or exposure to radiation. Due to their unstable nature, they can cause damage to cellular macromolecules, resulting in the development of degenerative diseases. Phytochemicals are diverse groups of bioactive compounds found in fruits that have potent antioxidant activity and exhibit several health-promoting properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies. There are two major groups of antioxidants: natural (or dietary) antioxidants and synthetic antioxidants. Natural antioxidants have gained much popularity in recent times because of the safety concerns surrounding the use of synthetic antioxidants.
The consumption of fruits plays a critical role in disease prevention, especially diseases resulting from oxidative damage to cells. The inclusion of fruits in one’s daily diet helps improve their overall wellbeing.
Assessment of heavy metal and other chemical pollution in Lake Tana along urban peripheries, Ethiopia
Authors: Sishu Feleke Kuraz , Melese Tigist Berhau , Aklog Dagnachew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the heavy metals (HMs) and other constituents in Lake Tana around the Gulf of Bahir Dar City. The water sample was collected from areas receiving drainage water and a reference sample was collected from areas away from the urban impact, both during dry and wet seasons. Pollution sources and levels were determined using pollution indices and GIS spatial analyses. All in situ parameters were in the recommended range of the USEPA aquatic and WHO drinking water guidelines. The level of dissolved P was recorded between 0.03 and 0.9 mg/l and the level of N-NO3 ranged from 0.05 to 1.01 mg/l indicating that the limits were above USEPA aquatic criteria. The HMs varied from 0.08 to 2.85 mg/l for Cu, 0.10 to 1.60 mg/l for Fe, 0.04 to 0.22 mg/l for Cr, and Mn was below detection. Cr and Fe were above the aquatic and drinking water guideline limit. Spatially, pollution was more significant in areas receiving drainage. Also, except Cu and Fe, other parameters were higher in the rainy season indicating storm runoff pollution. The overall pollution indices of water quality status, such as water quality index 63, heavy metal pollution index 3.1, and nutrient pollution index 4.7, indicated the quality level of water to be alarming. Therefore, comprehensive regulatory and waste management practices are needed.
Matrine Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of Chidamide in CTCL by Promoting Apoptosis
Authors: He Xinglan , Wang Guanyu , Wang Yimeng , Zhang Chunlei 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare group of non-Hodgkin
lymphoma originating from the skin, which is characterized by T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.
Chidamide, a Chinese original antineoplastic agent with independent intellectual property
rights, and matrine, an extract of Chinese herbal medicine, both have been reported to exert effects
on the treatment of tumors individually. However, chidamide combined with matrine has not
been tested for the treatment of CTCL.

Methods:
Both HH and Hut78 CTCL cell lines were treated with chidamide (0.4 μmol/L), matrine
(0.6 g/L), or chidamide combined with matrine for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was estimated
by MTS assay at each time point. Flow cytometry was then conducted to detect cell apoptosis.
The exact mechanism of chidamide combined with matrine on CTCL cells was detected by Western
blotting and further validated in xenograft models of NOD/SCID mice.

Results and Discussion:
Compared to the single drug, chidamide combined with matrine showed
a more significant effect on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction on CTCL cells both in
vitro and in vivo. The results from the in vitro and in vivo studies suggested that matrine could enhance
the anti-tumor effect of chidamide by increasing the protein expression of cleaved caspase-
3 and decreasing the expression of E-cadherin, NF-κB, p-Bad, and Bcl-2 to activate apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Our data have demonstrated chidamide combined with matrine to exhibit elevated antitumor
activity in both CTCL cells and xenograft models of NOD/SCID mice, which may be a potential
treatment option for CTCL.
Theranostic and Combined Approaches Exploiting Multifunctional Gold Nanoclusters in Tumoral Ecosystems: A Paradigm Shift in Precision Oncology
Authors: Prajapati Shatrudhan , Yadav Shikha , Khan Javed 
Published: April 2024

:
Malignant tumors pose a significant threat to human life and well-being because of
their rising occurrence and size. The current treatment methods and diagnostic techniques employed
in clinical practice are inadequate for effectively treating tumors. Fluorescence, photothermal
effects, radiosensitization, and biocompatibility are only a few instances of the unique
photonic and physicochemical properties exhibited. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) are nanomaterials
that possess modest dimensions, typically measuring approximately 3 nm, and are
composed of a limited number of particles. AuNCs have three primary functions in practical
applications: serving as imaging agents, drug transporters, and therapeutic agents. This article
discusses nanosystems. The text emphasizes the promise of AuNCs for tumor theranostic and
combination treatment while also acknowledging any existing limitations. Lastly, it is anticipated
that the information presented here will serve as a valuable tool for researchers in this sector,
resulting in novel perspectives and, ultimately, a wider adoption of AuNCs in pharmaceuticals.
This study focuses on the expansion of diagnostic applications in cancer therapy by utilizing
AuNC-based devices, made possible by the use of dynamic or passive tumor targeting techniques.
The utilization of AuNCs has been thoroughly investigated for their prospective applicability
as light-activated and radiation agents. Furthermore, they have been investigated as
nanocarriers for transporting anticancer drugs. The medications can either bind to the closure
receptor or be linked to the AuNCs through various techniques, showcasing their extensive potential
for therapeutic applications.
177Lu-PSMA-617 Radioligand Treatment in Elderly Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety Assessment
Authors: Sahin Ertan , Elboga Umut , Cimen Ufuk , Okuyan Merve , Cayirli Yusuf Burak 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of
177Lutetium-Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (177Lu-PSMA-617) radioligand treatment
(RLT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with aged older than
75 years.

Methods:
A total of 37 patients with mCRPC aged older than 75 years treated with 177Lu-
PSMA-617 were included in this study.

:
Pre-therapy and post-therapy biochemical, metabolic, and clinical response results and Hb,
TLC, platelet, serum creatinine and bilirubin levels were checked to evaluate the therapeutic
efficacy and toxicity profile. The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events was used
for grading adverse events caused by 177Lu-PSMA-617 treatment.

Results:
The mean age of the patients included in the study was 79.8±2.9 (76-92). The number
of 177Lu-PSMA-617 treatment cycles ranged from two to four, and the mean administered radioactivity
dose was 5.6±0.8 GBq per cycle. Partial biochemical response (PR) and partial metabolic
response (PMR) were observed in 11 (29.7%) and 15 (40.6%) patients after treatment,
respectively. Although improvement in ECOG scores was observed in 5 (13.5%) patients after
treatment, it was not statistically significant. Grade 2 and 3 Hb toxicity was observed in 10
(27%) and 2 (5.4%) patients, respectively. Grade 2 leukocytopenia in six patients, Grade 1
thrombocytopenia in six patients, and Grade 2 serum creatinine toxicity in five patients were
seen after the treatment. On the other hand, no patients developed liver toxicity and grade 3 or 4
leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia or creatinine toxicity.

Conclusion:
177Lu-PSMA-617 treatment was a safe and effective treatment option for properly
selected elderly mCRPC patients.
Incidence, Risk, and Clinical Course of New-Onset Diabetes in Long COVID: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Talanki Ananya Sri , Bajaj Neha , Trehan Twinkle , Thirunavukkarasu Sathish 
Published: April 2024

Background
COVID-19, an infectious disease pandemic, affected millions of people globally, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Causing further concern, significant proportions of COVID-19 survivors endure the lingering health effects of SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen that causes COVID-19. One of the diseases manifesting as a postacute sequela of COVID-19 (also known as “long COVID”) is new-onset diabetes.

Objective
The aim of this study is to examine the incidence of new-onset diabetes in patients with long COVID and assess the excess risk compared with individuals who tested negative for COVID-19. The study also aims to estimate the population-attributable fraction for COVID-19 as a risk factor for new-onset diabetes in long COVID and investigate the clinical course of new-onset diabetes cases.

Methods
This is a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases will be systematically searched to identify articles published between December 2019 and July 2024. A comprehensive search strategy for each database will be developed using a combination of Medical Subject Headings terms, subject headings, and text words to identify eligible studies. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (only control arms) involving patients with COVID-19 of any age, with follow-up data on new-onset diabetes in long COVID, will be considered for inclusion. Controls will comprise individuals who tested negative for COVID-19, with or without other respiratory tract infections. Three independent reviewers (AST, NB, and TT) will perform article selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of the studies. A fourth reviewer (ST) will review the identified studies for final inclusion in the analysis. The random-effects DerSimonian-Laird models will be used to estimate the pooled incidence proportion (%), incidence rate of diabetes (per 1000 person-years), and risk ratio (with 95% CIs) for diabetes incidence.

Results
A total of 1972 articles were identified through the initial search conducted in August 2023. After excluding duplicates, conducting title and abstract screening, and completing full-text reviews, 41 articles were found to be eligible for inclusion. The search will be updated in July 2024. Currently, data extraction is underway, and the meta-analysis is expected to be completed in August 2024. Publication of the study findings is anticipated by the end of 2024.

Conclusions
The study findings should provide valuable insights to inform both clinical practice and public health policies regarding the effective management of new-onset diabetes in patients with long COVID.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/54853
The Pragmatic Motivation of Atypical English Way into/to Construction
Authors: Gu Yuting , Huang Ying 
Published: April 2024

The English way construction exhibits distinct constructional meaning and semantic features; however, the prepositional slot in this construction has not received sufficient attention, and there remains a lack of comparative research regarding different prepositions in this field. This study set out to examine the semantic classification, mapping features, cognitive factors in the subcategory English way into/to construction, and to improve the algorithm of ΔPratio. The research adopted a bottom-up corpus-driven approach based on the BNC and used HAC (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) to explore the semantic categories of the verb collexemes and compare the lexical richness in these two constructions. The results revealed that at the level of linguistic structure, coercion and metaphor, as well as family resemblance, served as legitimization methods for verb entry into the construction, while the principles of economy and expressivity disclosed the intentions and motivations behind the semantic extensions of constructions at the pragmatic level. Additionally, this research found that the latter two principles were competitive in the interpretation process of way into/to construction, providing insights into understanding the psychological and social factors in language communication.
Improving the Taste of Robusta Coffee by Fermentation with Yeast Inoculum and Its Effect on Caffeine Content
Authors: Nadya Hani Fildzah , Ahmad Usman , Samsudin Samsudin 
Published: April 2024

Harvesting coffee process by farmers generally executed entirety, resulting rainbow harvest. Coffee fermentation with yeast starter cultures Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y612, Candida parapsilosis Y207 and Torulospora delbrueckii Y594 was executed separately to determine the role of starter cultures on caffeine and robusta coffee taste at different maturity levels. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute in Sukabumi,, from June to November 2022. The experiment used a factorial complete randomized design. The first factor was the maturity level of the coffee and starter culture as the second factor. Fermentation was implemented for 48 hours inoculated with 108 cells/mL starter culture. The results showed that the temperature fluctuated, the pH value always decreased to 4.50 and T. delbrueckii was the starter culture with the highest activity during fermentation. Inoculum-fermented robusta coffee caffeine content was higher than non-inoculum. The lowest caffeine content was found in spontaneously fermented red fruit of 1.39%, while the highest caffeine content was produced by red fruit samples inoculated with C. parapsilosis of 2.7%. Robusta coffee with S. cerevisiae inoculation brought the best taste of robusta coffee with 82.10%, there was no significant difference between the red harvest coffee fruit and the fermented rainbow color with a starter culture. Keywords: Caffeine, Harvest, Inoculation, Maturity level, Starter cultures
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Natural Adhesives in the Preparation of Composite Boards from Coconut Fiber as an Effort to Address Environmental Issues
Authors: Gahung Mikhael Farly , Tooy Dedie , Longdong Ireine Adriana 
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to develop coconut fiber boards using a mixture of cassava starch adhesive with a focus on examining the physical characteristics (density, moisture content, and thickness development) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture) of the composite boards made from coconut fiber using cassava starch adhesive with the addition of 25% citric acid. Additionally, the research evaluated the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fiberboards, following the guidelines of SNI 01-4449-2006 using an experimental method. The results showed that the fiberboards produced from coconut fiber and modified cassava starch adhesive (25% citric acid) exhibited specific physical characteristics. The density, moisture content, and thickness development ranged from 0.46 to 0.57 g/cm³, 13.18% to 14.39%, and 8.39% to 10.60% after two hours of soaking as well as 19.05% to 32.06% after 24 hours. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the boards indicated a modulus of elasticity (MOE) and a modulus of rupture (MOR) ranging from 19247.33 to 42740.38 kg/cm² and 116.36 to 178.07 kg/cm², respectively. These findings are expected to provide valuable information for further research to obtain environmentally friendly adhesive materials. Keywords: Agriculture, Coconut fiberboard, Environmental friendly, Natural adhesive, Wood.
Effect of Preprocessing and Augmentation Process in Development of a Deep Learning Model for Fusarium Detection in Shallots
Authors: Purwansya Yuvicko Gerhaen , Solahudin Mohamad , Supriyanto Supriyanto 
Published: April 2024

As the demand for shallot increases, wide-scale cultivation area must be managed efficiently. However, shallot productivity decreases every year because of plant diseases. Fusarium disease has an intensity up to 60% and can affect yield losses up to 50%. This study was conducted to develop the fusarium disease detection system for shallot using deep learning model and analyze the effect of preprocessing and augmentation adjustment. This study used YOLOv5 deep learning algorithm consisting of the following stages: (1) dataset acquisition, (2) dataset annotation, (3) dataset preprocessing and augmentation, (4) dataset training and validation, and (5) model testing and evaluation. A total 9,664 annotated dataset was trained to YOLOv5m pre-trained weights. Based on testing and evaluation results, precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP) metrics of the model without preprocessing and augmentation were 55.5%; 54%; and 48.3% respectively. Metric values of the model were increased to 57.6%; 58.4%; and 54.1% respectively with adjustment of preprocessing and augmentation combination process. Percentage increase in metrics when compared to the control model for each value of precision, recall, and mAP were 2.1%; 4.4%; and 5.8%. This shows a significant impact on the addition of preprocessing and augmentation processes that match the characteristics of the dataset to increase the value of model performance. Keywords: Augmentation, Deep learning, Fusarium, Shallot.
museos en Latinoamérica y el Caribe: un panorama de su permeabilidad a las tendencias globales
Authors: Cantar Nahir Meline , Endere María Luz , Levrand Norma Elizabeth 
Published: April 2024

Organizaciones internacionales especializadas debaten permanente sobre la museología. Estas instituciones suelen elaborar recomendaciones que, a pesar de no ser vinculantes, se consideran normas de soft law, ya que influyen en el derecho interno de los países. No obstante, la influencia del soft law dependerá de cuán permeables sean los sistemas jurídico-administrativos. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se propone analizar la permeabilidad de los países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe a las tendencias globales en torno a los museos a partir de la evaluación de cuatro variables que reconstruyen el grado de implementación de las recomendaciones emanadas de organismos internacionales especializados. Se adopta una metodología de semaforización con una escala de valoración de tres niveles que describe el estado de situación de cada país. Los resultados muestran que los países de la región presentan situaciones muy dispares respecto a la situación de sus museos en el sistema nacional.
Concordance between dual indirect methods for assessing fat percentage
Authors: B. Hurtado , E. Colina , C. H. Gonzalez-Correa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the last decades there is a growing interest in the evaluation of human body composition for being an important part of the integral assessment of individuals. Its use has been extended to different disciplines associated with health care (medicine, nutrition, physiotherapy), and to sports and population fields. Specifically, fat percentage can be related to innumerable diseases. However, there are discrepancies in the results of fat percentage measurement measured by different methods.

Objective
To evaluate the concordance between two low-cost and easily accessible double indirect methods, which have been used indistinctly in different studies where access to more accurate methods is not available, and to determine fat percentage and its relationship with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, level of physical activity and sedentary hours.

Materials and Method
Twenty-four persons between 18 and 38 years and 28 between 39 and 59 years from a university community were evaluated. Calculations were made: BMI, fat % was estimated by anthropometry with a digital adipometer (Skyndex System I USA) and by Electrical Bioimpedance Analysis – BIA (Biody Expert ZM II FRA), physical activity level and sedentary hours were determined with the short IPAQ questionnaire. Pearson's correlation coefficient, Bland & Altman's graphical method and Lin's concordance correlation index were calculated. The significance level p<0.05 was estimated.

Results
The fat percentage by anthropometry was: 30.5% ±8.5 (18–38 years) 35.0% ±6.7 (39–59 years); by BIA 27.0% ±7.3 (18–38 years) and 29.2% ±7.0 (39–59 years). Both techniques showed good correlation, but low degree of concordance (Lin index less than 0.9) except for the group of young persons with moderate level of physical activity (0.95).

Conclusions
The doubly indirect methods used in the study showed strong correlation, but low concordance, so their use is not recommended indistinctly for the follow-up of a particular case. According to the study data for this specific population in young people with moderate physical activity, follow-up could be performed with either of the two methods.
Effect of Curcuma longa maceration treatment on ovarian follicular development, serum oestradiol, uterine growth and vascularisation in female albino rats
Authors: Andriyanto Andriyanto , Putra Hamdika Yendri , Subangkit Mawar , Tarigan Elpita , Nugrahaning Widi Leliana , Irarang Yusa , Manalu Wasmen , Fadholly Amaq 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction

Curcuma longa is a well-known medicinal plant with various health benefits. This study was designed to evaluate the administration of Indonesian C. longa maceration for its effect on promoting growth and development of the ovary and uterus before mating in female albino rats.

Material and Methods
A total of 15 female Sprague Dawley rats in their dioestrous phase were assigned into three different groups: the Control group (mineral water); the Cur-Low group (mineral water with 1% C. longa maceration) and the Cur-High group (mineral water with 5% C. longa maceration). The treatments were given for 20 days. Serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone, oestradiol and progesterone were determined. After the sacrifice of the rats, ovary and uterine relative weight, uterine cornua diameter and length, uterine gland diameter (by histology), the number of primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles, the number of corpora lutea and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the ovary were measured. Uterine vascularisation was also evaluated.

Results
Administration of C. longa maceration significantly improved the relative weights of the uterus and ovary; uterine cornua diameter, length and vascularisation; uterine gland diameter; and expression of VEGF in the ovary. It also increased the number of tertiary follicles and corpora lutea, albeit not significantly. Follicle-stimulating hormone serum concentrations were lower in the administered rats.

Conclusion
Oestradiol and progesterone levels rose with C. longa maceration treatment. The maceration improved the reproductive organs of unmated rats and had potential to optimise the uterine environment for supporting pregnancy in order to produce high-quality offspring.