bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of suicidal, substance‐abusing men with severe personality disorders in the emergency department
Authors: Links Paul S. , Strike Carol , Ball Jeffrey S. , Bergmans Yvonne , Rhodes Anne E. , Spence Julie M. , Watson William J. , Rufo Claire 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis qualitative study examines the experience of suicidal, substance‐abusing men with severe personality disorders presenting to an emergency department (ED). Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with ED patients (n = 25), ED physicians (n = 5), ED nurses (n = 6), other ED staff (n = 6) and family physicians (FPs) (n = 7). Interviews were tape‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and managed using a comprehensive qualitative software program N6. Transcripts were coded using an iterative process and team involvement to capture emergent themes. Negative expectations were found to be held by participants from all perspectives, patients, ED staff and FPs, and these overarching negative expectations appear to interact with prior negative experiences and current negative behaviours to foster negative outcomes from these encounters. The suicidal men, ED staff and FPs offered suggestions, both systemic and within the ED interactions between providers and patients, that could minimize negative outcomes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive validity of the five‐factor model prototype scores for antisocial and borderline personality disorders
Authors: Stepp Stephanie D. , Trull Timothy J. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe assessed the predictive validity of Five‐Factor Model (FFM) prototype scores for antisocial and borderline personality disorders over a period of up to six years in a large community sample. Generally, these prototype scores demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity with health behaviours, disinhibitory behaviours, measures of psychopathology, and leisure activities and interests up to six years after the initial FFM personality assessment. We also found support for the incremental validity of the antisocial and borderline personality prototype over the remaining FFM personality disorder scores in predicting health behaviours, disinhibitory behaviours and measures of psychopathology. The implications for the classification and assessment of personality disorders are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parental stress in the NICU: the influence of personality, psychological, pregnancy and family factors
Authors: Carter Janet D. , Mulder Roger T. , Darlow Brian A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground The birth of an infant requiring admission to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) can represent a considerable source of stress for some parents. Currently, little is known about the factors associated with parental stress response to the NICU, especially for fathers. The objective of this study is to compare sources of NICU stress for mothers and fathers and explore variables associated with NICU stress.Method One hundred and seventy‐two randomly selected couples with an infant admitted to the NICU were administered a structured clinical interview and completed self‐report measures, including the Parental Stress Scale (PSS).Results Mothers had the highest overall stress. The altered parental role was the highest source of stress for both parents. Key general predictors of parental stress were dysfunctional personality traits and high anxiety. For mothers, high stress was associated with lower income, de facto relationship, abnormal pregnancy scan and no previous NICU experience. For fathers, high stress was associated with transfer of the pregnant mother due to complications and early experience of paternal over control.Conclusion Identification of factors that contribute to parent stress can enable health professionals to facilitate parent adaptation and coping, thereby promoting optimal parent–infant relationships and subsequent infant development. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personality disorder and outcome in schizophrenia: A negative systematic review
Authors: Newton‐Howes Giles , Tyrer Peter , Moore Alexandra , Nur Ula 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground It is commonly believed that the presence of personality disorder influences the outcome of schizophrenia but no systematic examination of the literature has been published to examine this.Aims The aim of the current research was to review the literature in a standard systematic way in order to determine the influence of personality disorder on the outcome of schizophrenia in methodologically robust trials. The null hypothesis was that personality disorder had no influence on the outcome of schizophrenia.Method A systematic electronic search of the literature was carried out to identify papers. Relevant papers, written in English, were accessed and assessed for data. Suitable papers were identified to extract outcome data.Results A total of 3 972 papers were identified by the electronic search and two reviewers read all the abstracts. Of these, 97 were identified as potentially containing information about outcome in patients with schizophrenia and comorbid categorical personality disorders and were read in full. No papers satisfied the inclusion criteria of both recording the presence of personality status before treatment and outcome separated by personality pathology and change in schizophrenic symptoms (but several others reported on institutional treatment, reoffending and service usage). Five authors were contacted for further data and none provided usable information suitable for meta‐analysis.Conclusions No research to date has examined the influence of personality disorder on the outcome of patients with schizophrenia in such a way as to indicate whether this form of comorbidity has a significant impact on the natural history or outcome of treatment on schizophrenia. The common belief that personality disorder worsens outcome in schizophrenia remains open to debate, and it is suggested that future research takes the opportunity of addressing this important issue directly. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proposed second class of Haemophilus ducreyi strains show altered protein and lipooligosaccharide profiles
Authors: Post Deborah M. B. , Gibson Bradford W. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHaemophilus ducreyi is the etiologic agent of chancroid, a sexually transmitted genital ulcer disease. Previously we have shown that the protein profiles and lipooligosaccharide (LOS) structures from various strains of H. ducreyi are generally well conserved. Previous studies have demonstrated that at least one strain, 33921, has a variant protein profile and LOS structure. In this study, both the whole cell lysate and the membrane proteins from strain 33921 were further examined and compared to the prototypical strain 35000HP by 2‐DE and by the 16‐BAC (benzyldimethyl‐n‐hexadecylammonium chloride)/SDS‐PAGE two‐detergent system, respectively. These comparisons demonstrated that a number of the proteins that could be identified from both strains had altered positions on the gels, both in their apparent molecular weight and pI values. Strain 33921 has been suggested to be a member of a second class of strains, termed class II strains. In this study, the proteomic profiles and the LOS structures from the five potential class II strains were examined and found to be similar to strain 33921.
Apoptosis induced by staurosporine alters chaperone and endoplasmic reticulum proteins: Identification by quantitative proteomics
Authors: Short Duncan M. , Heron Ian D. , Birse‐Archbold Jui‐Lee A. , Kerr Lorraine E. , Sharkey John , McCulloch James 
Published: August 2007

AbstractApoptosis contributes to cell death after cerebral ischaemia. A quantitative proteomics approach has been employed to define alterations in protein levels in apoptosis induced with staurosporine (STS). Human neuroblastoma derived SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with STS (500 nM for 6 h) to induce apoptosis. Quantitative 2‐DE was used to determine the changing protein levels with MALDI‐TOF MS identification of proteins. Of the 154 proteins analysed, 13 proteins were significantly altered as a result of the apoptotic stimulus; ten of the proteins showed an increase in level with STS and were identified as heat shock cognate 71 (Hsc71), two isoforms of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), F‐actin capping protein, stress‐induced phosphoprotein 1, chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF‐1), protein disulphide isomerase A3 (PDI A3) precursor, transitional ER ATPase and actin interacting protein 1 (AIP 1). Three proteins which displayed significant decrease in levels with STS were identified as tubulin, vimentin and glucose regulated protein 94 (GRP94). The functional roles and subcellular locations of these proteins collectively indicate that STS‐induced apoptosis provokes induces an unfolded protein response involving molecular chaperones, cochaperones and structural proteins indicative of ER stress.
Proteomic analysis of EZH2 downstream target proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yangchao , Lin Marie Chia‐mi , Wang Hua , Chan Chu‐yan , Jiang Lei , Ngai Sai Ming , Yu Jun , He Ming‐liang , Shaw Pang‐Chui , Yew David T. , Sung Joseph J. , Kung Hsiang‐fu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractEnhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is suggested to be a potential therapeutic target and a diagnostic marker for cancer. Our previous study also showed the critical role of EZH2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. The present study is aimed at revealing the comprehensive downstream pathways of EZH2 by functional proteomic profiling. Lentivirus mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was employed to knockdown EZH2 in HCC cells. The 2‐DE was employed to compare the expression profile difference between parental and EZH2‐knockdown HCC cells. In total, 28 spots were differentially expressed during EZH2 inhibition. Among all, 18 proteins were identified by PMF with MALDI‐TOF MS. Western blotting further validated upregulation of 60S acidic ribosomal protein P0 (L10E), and downregulation of two proteins with EZH2 inhibition: stathmin1 and probable protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) ER‐60 precursor (ERp57). Moreover, L10E was downregulated with overexpression of EZH2 in hepatocytes, and L10E reversed the effect of EZH2 on cell proliferation, suggesting it a downstream target of EZH2. The comprehensive and comparative analyses of proteins associated with EZH2 could further our understanding on the downstream signal cascade of EZH2 leading to tumorigenesis.
Comparative proteomics of extracellular proteins in vitro and in planta from the pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Paper Janet M. , Scott‐Craig John S. , Adhikari Neil D. , Cuomo Christina A. , Walton Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHigh‐throughput MS/MS was used to identify proteins secreted by Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) during growth on 13 media in vitro and in planta during infection of wheat heads. In vitro secreted proteins were collected from the culture filtrates, and in planta proteins were collected by vacuum infiltration. A total of 289 proteins (229 in vitro and 120 in planta) were identified with high statistical confidence. Forty‐nine of the in planta proteins were not found in any of the in vitro conditions. The majority (91–100%) of the in vitro proteins had predicted signal peptides, but only 56% of the in planta proteins. At least 13 of the nonsecreted proteins found only in planta were single‐copy housekeeping enzymes, including enolase, triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, calmodulin, aconitase, and malate dehydrogenase. The presence of these proteins in the in planta but not in vitro secretome might indicate that significant fungal lysis occurs during pathogenesis. On the other hand, several of the proteins lacking signal peptides that were found in planta have been reported to be potent immunogens secreted by animal pathogenic fungi, and therefore could be important in the interaction between F. graminearum and its host plants.
Well‐controlled polymerization of 2‐azidoethyl methacrylate at near room temperature and click functionalization
Authors: Li Yu , Yang Junwei , Benicewicz Brian C. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA functional monomer with a pendant azide moiety, 2‐azidoethyl methacrylate (AzMA), was polymerized via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization with excellent control over the molecular weight distribution (PDI = 1.05–1.15). The subsequent copper‐catalyzed Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of phenyl acetylene with polyAzMA was achieved at room temperature with high conversion. The resulting functional polymer exhibited identical 1H NMR and IR spectra with the polymer of the same molecular structure but prepared by a prefunctionalization approach, confirming the retention of the azide side chains during the RAFT polymerization of AzMA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4300–4308, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of 6‐ and 12‐arm star polymers by nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization of St and MA from dendritic TIPNO‐based hexafunctional and dodecafunctional macroinitiators
Authors: Miura Yozo , Dairoku Masamichi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDendritic multifunctional macroinitiators having six and 12 TIPNO‐based alkoxyamines, TIPNO‐6 and TIPNO‐12, were synthesized and used in the living radical polymerization of styrene (St), methyl acrylate (MA), N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAAm), and isoprene (IP). The polymerizations of St initiated with TIPNO‐6 gave 6‐arm star polymers with narrow polydispersities of 1.14–1.18. In the polymerizations of MA initiated with TIPNO‐6 and TIPNO‐12, the influences of added TIPNO on the polydispersity indexes (PDIs) of the resulting star polymers were first investigated, and this led to the successful formation of poly(MA) star polymers with narrow polydispersities (1.10–1.18). Moreover, the polymerizations of DMAAm and IP from TIPNO‐6 in the presence or absence of TIPNO were briefly investigated. The benzyl ether bonds of the poly(St) and poly(MA) star polymers were cleaved by treating with Me3SiI or Pd/C, and the resulting arm's parts were analyzed with SEC. The PDIs of the resulting arm parts were low (1.19–1.23), and the Mns agreed with the Mn,theor, indicating that the poly(St) and poly(MA) star polymers had well‐controlled arms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4364–4376, 2007
Unmet needs of gynaecological cancer survivors: implications for developing community support services
Authors: Beesley Vanessa , Eakin Elizabeth , Steginga Suzanne , Aitken Joanne , Dunn Jeff , Battistutta Diana 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAfter treatment completion, gynaecological cancer survivors may face long‐term challenges and late effects, specific to this disease. Available research on supportive care needs of women with gynaecological cancer is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of unmet needs within a population of gynaecological cancer survivors. Eight hundred and two women participated in a population‐based mail survey in 2004 (56% response rate). The questionnaire included a validated instrument to assess 45 need items across multiple supportive care domains, and a range of measures to evaluate related correlates consistent with a social–ecological perspective. Forty‐three per cent of respondents reported having at least one moderate‐ or high‐level unmet need. The five highest included needing help with fear about the cancer spreading (17%), concerns about the worries of those close to them (15%), uncertainty about the future (14%), lack of energy/tiredness (14%), and not being able to do things they used to do (14%). Subgroups of women with higher odds of reporting ‘some’ unmet needs across multiple supportive care domains include those who, are not in remission, live with lymphoedema or are unable to work due to illness. Odds were also higher for women who had undergone more recent treatment, and who lived in rural or remote locations. Further assistance with the top specific concerns of gynaecological cancer survivors is recommended. Identified subgroups with higher needs are important targets for support. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostics of SiOx‐Containing Layers Deposited on Powder Particles by Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Authors: Hähnel Marcel , Brüser Volker , Kersten Holger 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report on the analysis of the composition and internal structure of SiOx layers deposited on powder particles by using HMDSO as monomer, different oxygen admixtures in argon, and a dielectric barrier surface discharge under atmospheric pressure. Composition and structure of the deposited layers with special regard to silicon, carbon, and hydrocarbon bonding were studied by FTIR and XPS measurements and compared with previous investigations from the literature. For correlation of the layer composition and the plasma gas phase we used mass spectrometric analysis of the exhaust gas. The stoichiometric ratios of the deposited layers are remarkably influenced by the Ar/O2 ratio and the discharge conditions.magnified image
Polymorphic variants in α‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase and prostate cancer
Authors: Daugherty Sarah E. , Shugart Yin Yao , Platz Elizabeth A. , Fallin M. Daniele , Isaacs William B. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Welch Robert , Huang Wen‐Yi , Reding Douglas , Hayes Richard B. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlpha‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR), which prepares branched chain fatty acids to be metabolized for energy and is implicated in the activation of the COX‐inhibiting form of ibuprofen, is overexpressed in prostate cancer and its precursor lesions. Significant differences in AMACR allele frequencies have been reported for hereditary prostate cancer (HPC), but the relevance of AMACR in the context of its substrates have not been studied.METHODSWe conducted a nested case‐control study of 1,318 prostate cancer cases and 1,842 controls from the screening arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Five non‐synonymous (nsSNP) and two intronic AMACR polymorphisms were genotyped. Conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between the genetic variants and prostate cancer.RESULTSOverall, prostate cancer was not related to AMACR gene variants; however, risks for prostate cancer were significantly reduced among regular ibuprofen users who carried allele variants at four nsSNP loci (M9V, D175G, S201L, and K277E; all Ptrend < 0.05) or carried the TGTGCG haplotype (OR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.44–0.97). No AMACR‐related associations were noted among nonregular ibuprofen users (all Pinteraction > 0.33).CONCLUSIONAMACR gene variants were unrelated to prostate cancer overall in this study. The protective associations observed among ibuprofen users suggest that AMACR gene variants may enhance the chemopreventive effects of ibuprofen on prostate cancer risk. Prostate 67: 1487–1497, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sampling of the native conformational ensemble of myoglobin via structures in different crystalline environments
Authors: Kondrashov Dmitry A. , Zhang Wei , Aranda Roman , Stec Boguslaw , Phillips George N. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractProteins sample multiple conformational substates in their native environment, but the process of crystallization selects the conformers that allow for close packing. The population of conformers can be shifted by varying the environment through a range of crystallization conditions, often resulting in different space groups and changes in the packing arrangements. Three high resolution structures of myoglobin (Mb) in different crystal space groups are presented, including one in a new space group P6122 and two structures in space groups P212121 and P6. We compare coordinates and anisotropic displacement parameters (ADPs) from these three structures plus an existing structure in space group P21. While the overall changes are small, there is substantial variation in several external regions with varying patterns of crystal contacts across the space group packing arrangements. The structural ensemble containing four different crystal forms displays greater conformational variance (Cα rmsd of 0.54–0.79 Å) in comparison to a collection of four Mb structures with different ligands and mutations in the same crystal form (Cα rmsd values of 0.28–0.37 Å). The high resolution of the data enables comparison of both the magnitudes and directions of ADPs, which are found to be suppressed by crystal contacts. A composite dynamic profile of Mb structural variation from the four structures was compared with an independent structural ensemble developed from NMR refinement. Despite the limitations and biases of each method, the ADPs of the crystallographic ensemble closely match the positional variance from the solution NMR ensemble with linear correlation of 0.8. This suggests that crystal packing selects conformers representative of the solution ensemble, and several different crystal forms give a more complete view of the plasticity of a protein structure. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What is the relationship between the global structures of apo and holo proteins?
Authors: Brylinski Michal , Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIt is well known that ligand binding and release may induce a wide range of structural changes in a receptor protein, varying from small movements of loops or side chains in the binding pocket to large‐scale domain hinge‐bending and shear motions or even partial unfolding that facilitates the capture and release of a ligand. An interesting question is what in general are the conformational changes triggered by ligand binding? The aim of this work is analyze the magnitude of structural changes in a protein resulting from ligand binding to assess if the state of ligand binding needs to be included in template‐based protein structure prediction algorithms. To address this issue, a nonredundant dataset of 521 paired protein structures in the ligand‐free and ligand‐bound form was created and used to estimate the degree of both local and global structure similarity between the apo and holo forms. In most cases, the proteins undergo relatively small conformational rearrangements of their tertiary structure upon ligand binding/release (most root‐mean‐square‐deviations from native, RMSD, are <1 Å). However, a clear difference was observed between single‐ and multiple‐domain proteins. For the latter, RMSD changes greater than 1 Å and sometimes larger were found for almost 1/3 of the cases; these are mainly associated with large‐scale hinge‐bending movements of entire domains. The changes in the mutual orientation of individual domains in multiple‐domain proteins upon ligand binding were investigated using a mechanistic model based on mass‐weighted principal axes as well as interface buried surface calculations. Some preferences toward the anticipated mechanism of protein domain movements are predictable based on the examination of just the ligand‐free structural form. These results have applications to protein structure prediction, particularly in the context of protein domain assembly, if additional information concerning ligand binding is exploited. Proteins 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.