bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hollow fiber membrane contactor for hydrogen sulfide odor control
Authors: Boucif Noureddine , Favre Eric , Roizard Denis , Belloul Mohamed 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHollow fiber membrane modules are extensively used as gas–liquid contactors for acid gas removal from waste gas streams. Hydrogen sulfide is an important indoor and outdoor contaminant, but, given its toxicity, a limited number of experimental results have been reported for this compound. Moreover, chemical absorption has been exclusively investigated. In this study, hydrogen sulfide odor control by absorption in water thanks to a hollow fiber contactor has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. The scrubbing of hydrogen sulfide from air gas mixture is investigated in two porous polypropylene (PP) hollow fiber modules of different contact area and fiber packing fraction. The gas phase is circulated in the lumen of the fiber bore and the liquid phase in the shell in a nonwetted mode, i.e. the membrane pores being filled with gas. The gas phase was run in countercurrent contact with the liquid phase at constant pressure. A laminar parabolic velocity has been employed to describe the convective diffusive mass transport equation which has been solved analytically and numerically. The calculated extents of hydrogen sulfide depletion reasonably compare with the generated experimental results for both membrane modules. Up to 85% of acid gas could be removed at gaseous flowrates of 200 cm3/min for the large module and removals as high as 89% at 10 cm3/min have been observed for the smaller one. The overall mass transfer coefficients calculated from the experimental data, agree satisfactorily with those generated by the mathematical model. The relation of the dimensionless Sherwood number to the Graetz number is in a good agreement with the Levêque semianalytical solution. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 54: 122–131, 2008
Beckwith–Wiedemann‐like macroglossia and 18q23 haploinsufficiency
Authors: Lirussi Frédéric , Jonard Laurence , Gaston Véronique , Sanlaville Damien , Kooy R. Frank , Winnepenninckx Birgitta , Maher Eamonn R. , FitzPatrick David R. , Gicquel Christine , Portnoï Marie‐France , Couderc Rémy , Vazquez Marie‐Paule , Bahuau Michel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBeckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth condition with tumor proclivity linked to a genetic imbalance of a complex imprinted region in 11p15.5. A female child with features fitting in with the BWS diagnostic framework and an apparent loss of imprinting (LOI) of the IGF2 gene in 11p15.5 was also reported to have a de novo chromosome 18q segmental deletion (Patient 1), thus pointing at the location of a possible trans‐activating regulator element for maintenance of IGF2 imprinting and providing one of the few examples of locus heterogeneity of BWS. A second child with de novo 18q23 deletion and features of macroglossia, nævus flammeus, bilateral inguinal hernia and transient neonatal hypoglycemia, thus also fitting in with the BWS diagnostic framework, is here fully reported (Patient 2). In this child, an analysis of the BWS1 locus precluded any paternal isodisomy and showed a normal imprinting pattern (mono‐allelic expression of IGF2 and normal H19 and CDKN1OT1/LIT1 methylation index). In Patients 1 and 2, deletions were shown to overlap, defining a minimal region of haplo‐insufficiency of 3.8–5.6 Mb in 18q23. We conclude that this region provides a candidate location for an original macroglossia condition with strong overlap with BWS, but without obvious upstream functional relationship with the BWS1 locus in 11p15.5. Because this minimal region of haplo‐insufficiency falls into a common region of deletion in 18q– syndrome, we inferred that this macroglossia condition would follow a recessive pattern of inheritance. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial and genetic associations in Worster‐Drought syndrome and perisylvian disorders
Authors: Clark Maria , Neville Brian G.R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWorster‐Drought syndrome (WDS) is a distinct clinical phenotype, comprising a congenital pseudobulbar palsy usually in association with a mild tetraplegia and often additional impairments. The phenotype is identical to that described in congenital bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria syndrome (CBPS) and appears to have several different causes and a significant familial incidence. This study draws from a database of children with WDS phenotype or perisylvian polymicrogyria, held at a tertiary center. The findings suggest that genetic factors are important for a significant proportion of children and points to considerable genetic heterogeneity. There are grounds for considering WDS and perisylvian polymicrogyria as a spectrum of perisylvian malfunction. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brachymesomelic dysplasia with Peters anomaly of the eye results from disruptions of the X chromosome near the SHOX and SOX3 genes
Authors: Bleyl Steven B. , Byrne Janice L.B. , South Sarah T. , Dries David C. , Stevenson David A. , Rope Alan F. , Vianna‐Morgante Angela M. , Schoenwolf Gary C. , Kivlin Jane D. , Brothman Arthur , Carey John C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report on a mother and son affected with an unusual skeletal dysplasia and anterior segment eye abnormalities. Their skeletal phenotype overlaps with the SHOX‐related skeletal dysplasias and is intermediate between Leri–Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD) and Langer Mesomelic dysplasia (LMD). The mother has bilateral Peters anomaly of the eye and was reported as having a new syndrome; the son had severe bilateral sclerocornea. Chromosome analysis showed that the mother has a pericentric inversion of the X chromosome [46,X,inv(X)(p22.3q27)] and the son, a resultant recombinant X chromosome [46,Y,rec(X)dup(Xq)inv(X)(p22.3q27)]. The observed skeletal and ophthalmologic abnormalities in both patients were similar in severity. The additional features of developmental delay, growth retardation, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cryptorchidism and hypoplastic scrotum in the son are consistent with Xq28 duplication. Analysis of the son's recombinant X chromosome showed that the Xp22.33 breakpoint lies 30–68 kb 5′ of the SHOX gene. This finding suggests that the skeletal dysplasia in both mother and son is allelic with LWD and LMD and results from a novel misexpression of SHOX. Analysis of the Xq27.1 breakpoint localized it to a 90 kb interval 3′ of the SOX3 gene, supporting a novel role of SOX3 misexpression in the development of Peters anomaly of the eye. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiological association between isolated skin marks in newborn infants and single umbilical artery (SUA). Does it have biological plausibility?
Authors: Martínez‐Frías María Luisa ,   Grupo de trabajo del ECEMC
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn a previous study on single umbilical artery (SUA) and its association with congenital defects, we observed a serendipitous association between isolated skin anomalies and the presence of SUA. Although this could be a spurious association, we considered that it deserved to be studied in detail. The aim of this study was to investigate, in an epidemiological setting, whether this association has any biological meaning or if it occurs just by chance. Using data from the Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC), we analyzed “angiomas” (including all type of capillary skin marks, since it is not possible to distinguish it during the first 3 days of life), and nevi because they are the only defects detected in newborn infants as isolated skin defects. In the ECEMC methodology, infants with nevi or angiomas as the only congenital defect are considered as cases when they present with only one of these skin marks measuring at least 1 cm in diameter and within the first 3 days of life, or when they have three or more such marks of any size. A total sample of 1,832 consecutive newborn infants with isolated congenital skin marks was identified: 871 with nevi, 958 with angiomas, and 3 with both. Newborn infants with SUA and isolated angiomas displayed higher birth measurements, and older maternal and paternal ages than newborn infants with angiomas and three umbilical vessels. Similar results were observed when infants with angiomas and SUA were compared with control infants either with or without SUA. These associations were not observed in newborn infants with nevi with or without SUA or for control infants with or without SUA. The distribution of the angiomas by body areas, and sex preferences were also analyzed. After evaluating the limitations and advantages of the present study, the results suggest that newborn infants with angiomas (irrespective of their type), SUA, and higher centile measurements may have one of the syndromes that exhibit this type of skin mark. Although this observation requires confirmation, we do suggest close attention to newborns with these three signs. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DOOR syndrome: Clinical report, literature review and discussion of natural history
Authors: James Aaron W. , Miranda Suzette G. , Culver Kathy , Hall Bryan D. , Golabi Mahin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDOOR syndrome (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, and mental retardation) is a rarely described disorder with less than 35 reports in the literature. The hallmarks of the syndrome, represented in the DOOR acronym, include sensorineural hearing loss, hypoplastic or absent nails on the hands and feet, small or absent distal phalanges of the hands and feet, and mental retardation. The purpose of our communication is to report on an additional patient with DOOR syndrome, delineate common as well as less frequent manifestations of DOOR syndrome, bring attention to the under appreciated facial features in DOOR syndrome, document the natural history of this disorder, and propose a suggested workup of those suspected of DOOR syndrome. DOOR syndrome is associated with characteristic, coarse facial features with large nose with wide nasal bridge, bulbous tip and anteverted nares, a long prominent philtrum and downturned corners of the mouth. The natural history is one of a deteriorative course, with progressive neurological manifestations including sensorineural deafness, seizures from infancy, optic atrophy, and a peripheral polyneuropathy. The majority of patients with DOOR syndrome have elevated levels of 2‐oxoglutarate in the urine and plasma. In this report, we present a newborn with manifestations consistent with DOOR syndrome and a progressive clinical course. A comprehensive literature review reveals 32 patients with DOOR syndrome. In conclusion, DOOR syndrome is a neurometabolic disorder with recognizable facial features and a progressive natural history. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemical chaperone therapy: clinical effect in murine GM1‐gangliosidosis
Authors: Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Ichinomiya Satoshi , Kurosawa Mieko , Ohkubo Masato , Watanabe Hiroshi , Iwasaki Hiroyuki , Matsuda Junichiro , Noguchi Yoko , Takimoto Kazuhiro , Itoh Masayuki , Tabe Miho , Iida Masami , Kubo Takatoshi , Ogawa Seiichiro , Nanba Eiji , Higaki Katsumi , Ohno Kousaku , Brady Roscoe O. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCertain low‐molecular‐weight substrate analogs act both as in vitro competitive inhibitors of lysosomal hydrolases and as intracellular enhancers (chemical chaperones) by stabilization of mutant proteins. In this study, we performed oral administration of a chaperone compound N‐octyl‐4‐epi‐β‐valienamine to GM1‐gangliosidosis model mice expressing R201C mutant human β‐galactosidase. A newly developed neurological scoring system was used for clinical assessment. N‐Octyl‐4‐epi‐β‐valienamine was delivered rapidly to the brain, increased β‐galactosidase activity, decreased ganglioside GM1, and prevented neurological deterioration within a few months. No adverse effect was observed during this experiment. N‐Octyl‐4‐epi‐β‐valienamine will be useful for chemical chaperone therapy of human GM1‐gangliosidosis. Ann Neurol 2007
Self‐reinforcing elastomer composites based on polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer and thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer
Authors: Saikrasun Sunan , Amornsakchai Taweechai 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn situ reinforcing elastomer composites based on Santoprene thermoplastic elastomer, a polymerized polyolefin compound of ethylene–propylene–diene monomer/polypropylene, and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP), Rodrun LC3000, were prepared using a single‐screw extruder. The rheological behavior, morphology, mechanical, and thermal properties of the blends containing various LC3000 contents were investigated. All neat components and their blends exhibited shear thinning behavior. With increasing TLCP content, processability became easier because of the decrease in melt viscosity of the blends. Despite the viscosity ratio of dispersed phase to the matrix phase for the blend system is lower than 0.14, most of TLCP domains in the blends containing 5–10 wt % LC3000 appeared as droplets. At 20 wt % LC3000 or more, the domain size of TLCP became larger because of the coalescence of liquid TLCP threads that occurred during extrusion. The addition of LC3000 into the elastomer matrix enhanced the initial tensile modulus considerably whereas the extensibility of the blends remarkably decreased with addition of high TLCP level (>.20 wt %). The incorporation of LC3000 into Santoprene slightly improved the thermal resistance both in nitrogen and in air. Dynamic mechanical analysis results clearly showed an enhancement in dynamic moduli for the blends with 20–30 wt % LC3000. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Characterization of aminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) surfaces for biomedical applications
Authors: Nissen K. E. , Stuart B. H. , Stevens M. G. , Baker A. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces were characterized for their use as substrates for the attachment of biologically active molecules. Amines of different chain lengths, tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetraamine (TTETA), and diethylenetriamine (DETA), were investigated. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to show that each amine introduced a comparable amount of nitrogen (5 atom %) to the PET surface. Contact‐angle and titration analyses indicated that the amination reaction was not restricted to the surface, with evidence of diffusion into the polymer by TTETA and DETA. As a result, degradation of the PET substrate, evidenced by mass loss, was observed to occur. Annealing of the PET films before amination at a temperature of 200°C reduced the extent of degradation without producing a decrease in the nitrogen content produced. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Effects of nucleating agents on the porous structure of polyphenylene sulfide via thermally induced phase separation
Authors: Han Xuntong , Ding Huaiyu , Wang Lihua , Xiao Changfa 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe different molecular weight Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was chosen to be the nucleating agent to investigate the effects of nucleating agents on the porous structure of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The pore structures were changed with the addition of PEG, due to the different mechanism on pattern formation. Moreover, some effecting factors, such as the molecular weight and concentration of PEG, were used to control the pore structure and size. With addition of nucleating agent, it can be estimated that the pore size (radius) should be about 0.5 ∼ 0.05 μm and the porosity should be above 70%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Effect of poly(ethylene methyl acrylate) copolymer on thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of polypropylene copolymer blown films
Authors: Gururajan Giri , Froude Victoria , Riutta Stephen , Thomas Aline , Gao Ian , Samuels S. L. , Massouda D. F. , Weinberg M. , Ogale A. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBlends of polypropylene copolymer (PP‐cp) and poly(ethylene methyl acrylate) [poly(EMA)] copolymer blends were processed by blown film extrusion. The orientation and crystallinity of PP‐cp matrix in the blend did not change significantly with the addition of EMA. The low machine direction and transverse direction tear strengths, which are observed for neat polypropylene blown films more than doubled at 6 wt % or higher content of EMA. The increase in tear properties was mainly attributed to a fine dispersion of EMA in the matrix with an average particle size of 100–500 nm and the formation of elongated domains. The dispersed nonrounded EMA domains, resulting from the blown‐film process, enhance better energy dissipation mechanism with the formation of an extended plastic zone in the blend films as compared with that in pure PP‐cp films. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate: Effect of stabilizer concentration
Authors: Jiang Sheng , David Sudol E. , Dimonie Victoria L. , El‐Aasser Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn dispersion polymerizations of methyl methacrylate (MMA), little difference was found in the polymerization kinetics with varying stabilizer (PVP K‐30) concentration, indicating that in contrast to emulsion polymerization, the kinetics of these dispersion polymerizations are independent of the number of particles. Comparing MMA precipitation and dispersion polymerizations revealed that nuclei formation in the latter results from precipitation polymerization occurring in the continuous phase, which can contribute significantly to the kinetics, and especially to the molecular weight distributions. No change was found in the molecular weight distribution of the PVP during a dispersion polymerization, nor was there any measurable difference between using fresh and recycled stabilizer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Influence of reaction media on pressure sensitivity of polyanilines doped with DBSA
Authors: de Souza Fernando Gomes , Anzai Thiago Koichi , Melo Príamo Albuquerque , Soares Bluma G. , Nele Márcio , Pinto José Carlos 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effect of the reaction medium on the final electrical performance of Pani doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), Pani.DBSA, is analyzed in this manuscript. Pani.DBSA was synthesized through the one‐step route in nonaromatic media, in accordance with a mixture experimental design. Polymer samples were analyzed by UV–vis and WAXS to characterize the differences among the many prepared Pani.DBSA samples and to explain the observed conductivity and compression sensitivity characteristics. Obtained results were modeled in accordance with a standard empirical modeling approach. Based on the obtained experimental data and on the proposed empirical models, it is shown that addition of acetone and isopropanol into the aqueous media during the one‐step synthesis of Pani.DBSA materials must be encouraged. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
The synthesis of block copolyetherketones based on 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylketone, phenolphthaleine, and bisphenol A and investigation of their properties
Authors: Ozden S. , Charayev A. M. , Shaov A. H. , Bazheva R. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBlock structured polyethers based on phenolphthaleine, 4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylketone, and bisphenol A with different degrees condensation (n = 1, 5, 10, and 20) were synthesized by means of acceptor‐catalytic polycondensation. Equaimolar quantities of chloranhydrides of iso‐ and terephthalic acids were used. Higher molecular masses were obtained from longer oligoketones with higher condensation degrees. Better molecular packing, increased thermal and mechanical properties were obtained with higher condensation degrees of oligoketones. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JAppl Polym Sci, 2008
Mechanical, dynamic mechanical, morphological, thermal behavior and processability of polyaniline and ethylene 1‐octene based semi‐conducting composites
Authors: Bhadra Sambhu , Singha Nikhil K. , Khastgir Dipak 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe polyaniline (PAni) was prepared by the oxidative emulsion polymerization of aniline. Different semi‐conducting composites were prepared by mixing this PAni with a polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer namely ethylene 1‐octene copolymer (EN) with different ratio. The effect of composition on different mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties of these composites and their processability were investigated. The results revealed that the increased incorporation of PAni in EN caused increase in the modulus, hardness, glass transition temperature (Tg), and apparent shear viscosity, but caused decrease in the tensile strength, elongation at rupture, damping character, and die‐swell during injection molding. The base matrix is thermoplastic elastomer for which vulcanization is not required. However, it is found that if such composites are subjected to electron beam (EB) radiation, they can undergo some cross‐linking. The introduction of crosslinks to such system through EB radiation improves mechanical properties. The flow behavior shows the material is pseudo‐plastic in nature. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Alkaline treatment of diacetate fibers and subsequent cellulase degradation
Authors: He Jianxin , Tang Yuyuan , Wang Shan‐Yuan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe work investigated the degradation behavior of cellulose acetate (CA) fibers in NaOH solutions in heterogeneous conditions and the effect of alkaline treatment on cellulase degradation of CA fibers. Weight analysis and IR spectra showed that the weight loss of CA fibers immersed in NaOH solution chiefly depended on acetylation. Alkaline treatment promoted the degradation of CA fibers in cellulase solution by reason of deacetylation, especially when the degree of substitution (DS) of CA fibers reached 0.8, cellulase degradation increased most markedly. SEM revealed a smooth surface except some thin holes in the CA fibers after immersion in NaOH solution with a lower concentration because of the formation of alkaline cellulose, and only in a higher concentration such as 5.0N, it could be observed that microfibers perpendicular to fiber axis distributed over the surfaces of the fibers. 1NMR spectra suggested that only in a lower NaOH concentration (≤0.25N), deacetylation reaction was affected by the reactivities of ester groups at position 2, 3, and 6 in anhydroglucose unit, but did not follow the theoretical trend in the three positions. Moreover, the DS for polymer molecules in CA fibers were dispersive after alkaline treatment in heterogeneous condition and the DS of the product increased during sequent cellulase degradation. This was also demonstrated by the result of IR analysis and X‐ray diffraction. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008