bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron induced arthritis in immature rabbits
Authors: Brighton Carl T. , Bigley Elmer C. , Smolenski Benjamin I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntramuscularly administered iron dextran in immature rabbits leads to iron deposition in the articular cartilage chondrocyte followed by lacunar enlargement, the appearance of transverse striations in the matrix, abnormal staining characteristics of the middle layer of cartilage, rounding of the surface chondrocytes, fibrillation and fraying of the cartilage matrix, and death and disappearance of the chondrocytes. Iron deposition also occurs in the synovium and leads to mild thickening with no inflammatory cell reaction. In mature rabbits, iron is deposited in the synovium only, and none of the above cartilage changes occur.
Hemarthrosis and sickle cell trait
Authors: Casey David F. , Cathcart Edgar S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of sickle cell trait associated with hemarthrosis in several joints is presented. It is suggested that coincidental acute inflammation of the synovial membrane enhanced the sickling phenomenon and produced the resultant bleeding disturbance. The articular changes associated with sickle cell anemia and those found in sickle cell traits are compared and contrasted. The need for careful joint fluid analysis in patients with molecular diseases of hemoglobin is emphasized.
Anemia as a Presenting Manifestation of Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Healey L. A. , Wilske Kenneth R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine older patients sought medical attention because of malaise and fatigue. Each had a hypoproliferative anemia and their hematocrits ranged from 27 to 32%. When an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) exceeded 100 mm/hr the temporal artery was biopsied. Giant cell arteritis was found in 4 biopsies and 2 others showed focal calcification. All patients were given corticosteroids and their symptoms improved rapidly, hematocrit values rose, and ESR fell.
Avoiding False‐Positive Joint Scans by the Use of Labeled Albumins
Authors: Cohen Marvin B. , Lorber Arthur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractKnee joints were scanned in a group of patients with gout and rheumatoid arthritis and in a second group of patients without joint disease. 131I human serum albumin, 99mTc‐albumin or 99mTc‐pertechnetate were utilized. Scans performed with labeled albumin were reliable indicators of the presence or absence of active inflammation of the joint. Technetium, as the pertechnetate, not only concentrated in all inflamed joints but was also concentrated in the knee joint of 19 of 20 patients without joint disease.
Connective Tissue Activation. II. Abnormalities of Cultured Rheumatoid Synovial Cells
Authors: Castor C. William , Smith Susan F. , Ritchie James C. , Dorstewitz Emily L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRheumatoid synovial cells grown in vitro demonstrated: a) increased rate of lactate formation, b) increased rate of glucose uptake, c) increased rate of hyaluronate synthesis, d) decreased sensitivity to exogenous activator and e) increased concentrations of an endogenous activator. Exogenous activator was shown to be capable of inducing cortisol unresponsiveness in relation to suppression of hyaluronate synthesis. Evidence that exogenous activator is not long retained by synovial cells suggests that elevated levels in rheumatoid cells are due to accentuated endogenous formation. Elevated activator peptide content of rheumatoid synovial cells provides an explanation for many of the differences between normal and rheumatoid synovial cells in vitro.
Fibrinogen Degradation Products in Serum and Urine of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Relation to Renal Disease and Pathogenetic Mechanism
Authors: Kanyerezi Bwogi R. , Lwanga Stephen K. , Bloch Kurt J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum and concentrated urine from blood donors, patients with rheumatoid arthritis and SLE patients with and without renal disease were tested for the presence of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), using the tanned red cell hemagglutination inhibition immunoassay. The majority of blood donors had serum titers of 1:2 to 1:4, while the majority of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus had titers of 1:8 to 1:32. FDP were detected in low titers in urine of nearly all blood donors, patients with rheumatoid arthritis and SLE patients without renal disease, whereas elevated titers were found in SLE patients with active renal disease. Several possible sources of the urinary FDP are discussed, and the role of fibrin deposition in glomerular injury is reviewed.
Navajo Arthritis—an Unusual, Acute, Self‐Limited Disease
Authors: Muggia Albert L. , Bennahum David A. , Williams Ralph C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn acute, self‐limited, asymmetric, polyarthritis is described in 21 Navajo patients, which in all cases affected the knee and, in most, other joints as well. All patients had sterile cultures and negative tests for rheumatoid factor and LE preparations. One patient had multiple bouts without residual defect. We believe that Navajo Arthritis is a distinct syndrome of unknown etiology.
Amyloidosis: A study of its pathogenesis and the role of humoral immunity
Authors: Abruzzo John L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship of humoral antibody production and amyloid formation induced in the experimental animal was investigated. Amyloidosis was induced in hamsters by infection with Leishmania donovani and the antibody response to typhoid‐paratyphoid vaccine was analyzed on serum samples obtained before and during the stage of amyloid formation and deposition. The results indicate that the humoral antibody response to an antigenic challenge is not altered during any stage of the development of secondary amyloidosis. The data are compatible with the hypothesis that secondary amyloidosis results from chronic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system by various factors, of which some may be immunogenic.
The human incudomalleal joint. Chondroid articular cartilage and degenerative arthritis
Authors: Gussen Ruth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe articular cartilage of the incudomalleal joint appears to be secondary or chondroid cartilage, formed and maintained by the synovial cells of the joint space. It might be considered epiphyseal cartilage, forming chondroid cartilage and chondroid bone normally within the deep cartilage of the joint. The early joint changes seen with age consist of globule formation and cell clustering in the superficial cartilage layer, with gradual transformation to a chondro‐osseous matrix at the surface. The changes of degenerative arthritis are loss of surface demarcation, focal surface defects, and foci of thinning and absence of the intra‐articular disc with approximation of uneven, calcified joint surfaces.
Scale effects in animal joints. II. Thickness and elasticity in the deformability of articular cartilage
Authors: Simon William H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe deformability of articular cartilage was studied in vitro in 64 bovine, canine and human joints with an indenting compressometer. Two factors contributed to the depth of the indentation: the thickness of the cartilage and its intrinsic elasticity. Within a given species, there was in general a consistent curvilinear relationship between the magnitude of the deformation and the thickness of the articular cartilage under a given level of static loading (usually 106 pounds per square inch). Although it was not possible to establish a satisfactory Young's modulus, differences in intrinsic elasticity were demonstrated by variations in the indentations produced in cartilages of comparable thickness, when subjected to the same compressive stress. These species differences corresponded roughly to variations in the water content of the articular cartilages (bovine, 87; canine, 80; human, 79%). The data are consistent with the hypothesis that deformability of articular cartilage serves to increase the congruence of joints and thereby reduce the stresses on their surfaces. A frequently postulated senescent thinning of articular cartilage received no support from measurements of 28 intact human patellas through the fifth decade of life.
Gonococcal arthritis in two patients with active lupus erythematosus. A diagnostic problem
Authors: Edelen John S. , Lockshin Michael D. , LeRoy E. Carwile 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed polyarthritis which was documented to be due to gonococcal infection. One patient simultaneously had LE cells and intracellular diplococci in her synovial fluid. Similarities and differences between SLE and gonococcal arthritis are discussed. The coincidence of SLE and gonococcal arthritis reemphasizes bacteremias as a curable cause of polyarthritis in patients with SLE.
The relationship between radiologic changes and osteoporosis of the hand in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bjelle Anders O. , Nilsson Bo E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAssessment of the radiologic severity of rheumatoid arthritis in the hand was made from the presence of erosions, joint space narrowing and ankylosis. The degree of severity derived from this assessment correlated significantly with bone mass, as evaluated from measurements of the cortical thickness in the hand and in the proximal end of the forearm.
Immunologic studies of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bianco Nicolas E. , Panush Richard S. , Stillman J. Sydney , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntigammaglobulins of the IgG, IgA and IgM classes, and whole hemolytic complement and complement components were measured in the sera and synovial fluid of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Two groups of patients were distinguishable using these measurements. A group of patients with chronic active disease had elevated levels of IgG, IgA and IgM antigammaglobulins and relative depressions of complement and complement components in sera and synovial fluid. Another group of patients with acute self‐limited disease had elevated levels of IgG and IgA antigammaglobulins and serum complement and negative latex fixation tests in association with disease activity. These values returned to normal with clinical remissions.
Distinctive serum globulin responses to parenteral treatment with 17‐β‐estradiol in female NZB/NZW mice
Authors: Walker Sara Ellen , Bole Giles G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter 6 weeks of treatment with 17‐β‐estradiol, two distinct groups of female NZB/NZW mice were identified. Group I females developed significant increases in serum α2, β‐ and γ‐globulins and had few serologic abnormalities. Serum globulins did not increase in Group II females. This blunted response correlated with a pretreatment increase in the frequency of positive tests for ANA, LE phenomena and cryoproteins in 4‐week‐old Group II mice.
Growth of rubella virus in cultures of synovial cells from rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Runge Lorne A. , Allison Anthony C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNine rheumatoid and 5 control synovial cell cultures showed no deficiency in ability to grow rubella virus or to exhibit a cytopathic effect. This finding considerably weakens previous evidence arguing for the presence of an agent within rheumatoid synovial cells capable of producing intrinsic interference.
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis
Authors: Melton John W. , Irby Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe thirty‐fourth case of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis with skin nodules and arthritis exhibiting typical histiocytic infiltrates in skin and synovium in a 16‐year‐old white female high school school student is presented. Unlike the usual reported course of this disease, the arthritis is currently of moderate degree and has been only slowly progressive. A brief review of the major manifestations of this disorder is given.
Osteoarticular changes in Wilson's disease
Authors: Feller Edward R. , Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe musculoskeletal system of 17 patients with known Wilson's disease was studied clinically and radiographically. Major abnormalities were seen only in 5 patients over 21 years of age. Multiple calcified loose bodies at the wrists were present in 4, premature degenerative arthritis at the knees with chondromalacia patellae in 4 and chondrocalcinosis at the knees in 2. Mild demineralization was seen at all ages and was present in 9 patients. These unusual wrist and knee changes are infrequently recognized manifestations of Wilson's disease in the adult.
Significance of xenon‐133 clearance rate from canine and human joints
Authors: Phelps Paulding , Steele A. Dean , McCarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clearance curve of 133Xe from canine and human knee joints has two monoexponential components. The rapid half clearance time is designated T1/2F and the slower T1/2S. 133Xe concentration in periarticular tissues was measured; the nuclide was predominately in the intraarticular fat during T1/2S and was distributed between the synovial fluid, synovial membrane and fat during T1/2F. Because of predominant tissue localization of 133Xe during T1/2S and T1/2F, T1/2S is thought to represent clearance from articular fat and T1/2F to represent clearance from synovial fluid and membrane. Use of xenon clearance to calculate the blood flow to synovium or articular fat requires several assumptions that cannot be experimentally verified at this time. Elevation of intraarticular pressure, but not intraarticular volume, decreased 133Xe clearance from both compartments. Crystal‐induced inflammation was usually associated with faster T1/2S, although in one human volunteer T1/2S was slower until a part of the inflammatory exudate was removed. On the other hand, T1/2F was variable.
Effects of proteolytic enzymes on structural and mechanical properties of cartilage
Authors: Harris Edward D. , Parker Howard G. , Radin Eric L. , Krane Stephen M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCartilage has a great capacity to resist compressive force. This quality is related to its unique composition of proteinpolysaccharide in a mesh‐work of collagen fibers. Although cartilage is not grossly altered in appearance in vitro by incubation with enzymes which can deplete proteinpolysaccharide, it becomes less stiff and more flexible. When slices of canine cartilage were incubated in 0.1M Tris‐HCl, pH 7.6, 37°C, without prior freezing or addition of detergents, they spontaneously lost 60% of proteinpolysaccharide by the third day without concomitant loss of collagen. Specimens incubated with trypsin were depleted of 75% proteinpolysaccharide by the first 24 hours and, over a 1‐week period, 20% of the collagen, although less than 2% was released during the last 2 days of incubation. Bacterial collagenase resulted in loss of approximately 9% of the total collagen during each day's incubation for 1 week, but the proteinpolysaccharide depletion followed a curve similar to controls. Functional studies, measuring strain under load, indicated that during 24‐hour incubations of cartilage treated with trypsin or hyaluronidase these samples had much more evidence of strain than did collagenase‐treated specimens. The latter lost actual thickness, however, while the trypsin‐treated samples and controls remained the same size, suggesting that collagen has the primary role in determining form of cartilage and may be capable of significant water binding in the absence of proteinpolysaccharide. It is proposed that measurement of compressibility of articular cartilage is a suitable index of its effective proteinpolysaccharide content, and the total volume or thickness can be diminished only by agents capable of removing collagen.
Aortic insufficiency and pelvospondylitis in a seropositive female with rheumatoid nodules
Authors: van Valkenburgh Wood G. , Georges Leon P. , Irby Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAortic insufficiency appeared in a female patient with seropositive, nodular rheumatoid arthritis. X‐ray changes of pelvospondylitis strongly suggested ankylosing spondylitis. Aortic insufficiency and pelvospondylitis are discussed as they relate to rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Rheumatic carditis: In vitro responses of peripheral blood leukocytes to heart and streptococcal antigens
Authors: McLaughlin John F. , Paterson Philip Y. , Hartz Renée S. , Embury Stephen H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell‐mediated immune responses to heart and streptococcal cell walls were studied in 21 children with rheumatic carditis and 15 clinically well children. The bioassay employed was proliferation of blood leukocytes, quantitated by in vitro tritiated thymidine incorporation. Neither the rheumatic children nor control subjects showed statistically significant leukocyte responses to heart homogenates or a purified myocardium fraction. In contrast, both groups of patients exhibited significant responses to streptococcal cell walls. The results suggest that patients with rheumatic carditis do not mount a cellular immune response to heart, as might be expected if cell‐mediated autoimmunity is a feature of this disease.
Antibiotic therapy in experimental bedsonial arthritis
Authors: Gilbert Robert J , Schachter Julius , Engleman Ephraim P , Meyer Karl F 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBedsoniae recovered from patients with Reiter's syndrome cause arthritis in 100% of rabbits inoculated with an adequate concentration of organisms. Intraarticular bedsonial inoculation results in ocular infection and involvement of other joints in some rabbits. Early adequate tetracycline or penicillin therapy can prevent or reverse the arthritis. In rabbits with chronic arthritis, tetracycline therapy eliminated the bedsoniae but did not affect the course of the disease.
Skeletal status in rheumatoid arthritis a preliminary report
Authors: Mueller Mark N , Jurist John M 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐six women with classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis, according to the criteria of the AMERICAN RHEUMATISM ASSOCIATION, age‐matched with controls were evaluated for bone mineral content and rigidity. Significant bone loss occurred in arthritics treated with corticosteroids. Bone losses at diaphyseal and metaphyseal sites were of similar magnitude—suggesting no preferential loss of trabecular bone. A significant decrease in relative ulnar rigidity was observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis not receiving corticisteroids. An even larger decrease was noted in subjects receiving corticosteroids.
Treatment of psoriatic arthritis with 6‐mercaptopurine
Authors: Baum John , Hurd Eric , Lewis David , Ferguson John L , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirteen patients with psoriasis and arthritis were treated with 6‐mercaptopurine in dosages ranging from 20 to 150 mg/day (0.36 to 2.4 mg/kg/day). Eleven of the 13 patients with a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis showed improvement of the arthritis and psoriasis with minimal side effects. Improvement could be maintained on a dose of about 1.0 mg/kg/day. The improvement was seen in 3 weeks or less in most cases. Remission after stopping therapy lasted up to 10 months.
Double‐blind study of cyclophosphamide in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Lidsky Martin D , Sharp John T , Billings Sharon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent studies deomonstrated that cyclophosphamide given in doses that frequently induce leukopenia slows the progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Since the hazards of cyclophosphamide therapy would be less if smaller doses were effective, a double‐blind study using 0.87 to 1 mg/kg/day for 1 year was carried out. No benefit from cyclophosphamide therapy was observed.
Lactoferrin‐an iron binding protein in synovial fluid
Authors: Bennett Robert M , Eddie‐Quartey A C , Holt P J L 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was initiated in an attempt to confirm recent reports that mycoplasmas can be regularly isolated from human rheumatoid tissue, and that joint lesions can be induced in mice and chicks by injection of human rheumatoid synovium. All synovial tissues were free of mycoplasmas including T‐strains. Density gradient centrifugations failed to produce additional isolates. Diphtheroids were isolated from two nonrheumatoid synovial suspensions. Joint lesions developed in 12.7% of newborn mice given rheumatoid tissue and 13.2% of mice given control material. Chick embryos injected with synovial suspensions developed a 6.7% incidence of lesions with no significant difference apparent between embryos injected with rheumatoid or nonrheumatoid synovia.
Studies into the occurrence of soluble antigen‐antibody complexes in disease
Authors: Urowitz Murray B , Gordon Duncan A , Broder Irvin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe first assessment of 127 rheumatoid patients, previously reported, revealed that the rheumatoid biologically active factor (RBAF) correlated with a more advanced and widespread form of disease. The results of a second assessment are reported here, carried out after an interval of 9 months in 107 of the patients originally studied. The RBAF status of one‐fourth patients was found to be changed at the second assessment; although overall distribution between positive and negative groups remained constant. Those patients who converted from RBAF‐positive to RBAF‐negative showed marked clinical improvement, while subjects who converted from RBAF‐negative to RBAF‐positive failed to improve or were worse in certain parameters. These findings indicated that there was a direct relationship between alterations in the RBAF and clinical status.
Influence of natural and synthetic estrogens on the course of autoimmune disease in the nzb/nzw mouse
Authors: Walker Sara Ellen , Bole Giles G 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntinuclear antibodies were found in 64% of serum samples obtained from male NZB/NZW mice after 6 weeks of treatment with mestranol. Both female and male mice responded to this synthetic female hormone with marked elevations of serum α2‐ and β‐globulins; γ‐globulins were not increased. There was no evidence that mestranol accelerated the development of autoimmune renal disease in these animals. Treatment of hybrid New Zealand mice with mestranol, 17‐β‐estradiol and oophorectomy exerts divergent effects on serum proteins and the development of serologic abnormalities.
Valvular mechanisms in antecubital cysts of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ehrlich George E , Guttmann Gad G 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo further cases of antecubital cysts resulting from rheumatoid arthritis are reported, both having valvular mechanisms permitting synovial fluid to pass from the elbow joint to the cyst but not the reverse. Rice bodies and synovial villous proliferation act as ball‐valves and the long neck of some cysts may act as Bunsen valves. One synovial cyst was successfully excised, while another underwent spontaneous regression after successful surgery at the wrist restored more nearly normal prontation and spination of the forearm.
The Arthropathy of Hemochromatosis Without Hemochromatosis
Authors: Gordon Duncan A. , Little Hugh A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 65‐year‐old man and his 62‐year‐old sister presented with joint pains and were found to have chondrocalcinosis. Both had elevations of serum iron and an increased saturation of iron binding protein. Biopsies revealed hemosiderin deposits in the parenchymal cells of the liver of both patients and the lining cells of the synovium of one. Although these siblings presented with an arthropathy resembling that associated with hemochromatosis, neither had any other clinical manifestations of hemochromatosis.