bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the nursing associate professional identity: A longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: King Rachel , Laker Sara , Taylor Bethany , Ryan Tony , Wood Emily , Tod Angela , Senek Michaela , Snowden Sally , Robertson Steve 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to understand the factors that contribute to the development of the nursing associate professional identity.DesignA 3‐year longitudinal qualitative study of trainee nursing associates.MethodsTrainee nursing associates in England were interviewed remotely annually in February 2020, March 2021 and March 2022. They also provided diary entries. Data were anonymised, transcribed and analysed thematically.ResultsNursing associate professional identity was developed through: increased knowledge, skills and responsibility; and self‐perceptions of identity alongside responses to the role by colleagues. Tensions arose when the scope of practice expected by organisations differed from that expected by the nursing associates. Frustrations occurred when nursing associates were perceived as substitutes for Registered Nurses in the context of nursing workforce shortages.ConclusionNursing associates in this study clearly valued their new knowledge, skills and responsibility, enabling them to provide enhanced patient care. Increased clarity of role boundaries is necessary in enhancing the professional identity of nursing associates and reducing inter‐professional tensions arising from role ambiguity within health and social care organisations.Implications for the ProfessionNational guidance and employers should provide clarity on the boundaries of the nursing associate role which will strengthen their professional identity and mitigate role ambiguity within health and social care organisations.Reporting MethodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research has been used to guide reporting.Patient of Public ContributionA patient and public involvement group was consulted during the initial study design stage.Impact

This study aimed to understand the factors which contribute to the development of a nursing associate professional identity.

Nursing associate professional identity is developed through increased knowledge, skills and responsibility, and the perceptions of identity by participants themselves and their colleagues.

The findings should inform the implementation of initiatives to clarify nursing associate role boundaries and the development of similar roles internationally.
Crisis management competencies needed in a hospital setting during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study of nurse leaders
Authors: Jääski Tarja , Talvio Hanne , Kuha Suvi , Kanste Outi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo describe the crisis management competencies needed in a hospital setting during the COVID‐19 pandemic from the perspective of nurse leaders.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic generated many challenges for nurse leaders in hospitals, and management competencies are highlighted. However, there is little evidence available about nurse leaders' perceptions of the crisis management competencies needed in such situations.MethodsA qualitative, descriptive, semi‐structured interview study of nurse leaders (n = 20) was conducted between June and October 2021 in one Finnish central hospital. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsThe analysis yielded five main categories of crisis management competencies needed in a hospital setting during the pandemic: interactive communication competence, psychological resource management competence, systematic and proactive organising competence, active networking abilities and practices and change management approach in crisis management.ConclusionsNurse leaders need new and different crisis management competencies in hospital organisations. The COVID‐19 pandemic changed the working culture of nurse leaders, as they faced challenges that needed knowledge and skills beyond their previous management competence.Implications for nursing managementAdditional training for nurse leaders in crisis management is needed. This training should reflect the competencies identified as necessary in crisis situations so that nurse leaders will be able to manage crisis situations effectively in future.Reporting methodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist was used in reporting the findings.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution.
Inverse associations of cord blood mitochondrial DNA copy number with childhood adiposity
Authors: Reddam Aalekhya , Bloomquist Tessa R. , Covell Lindsey T. , Hu Heng , Oberfield Sharon E. , Gallagher Dympna , Miller Rachel L. , Goldsmith Jeff , Rundle Andrew G. , Baccarelli Andrea A. , Herbstman Julie B. , Kupsco Allison 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine associations between umbilical cord mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and adiposity across childhood.MethodsIn a prospective birth cohort of Dominican and African American children from New York City, New York (1998–2006), mtDNAcn was measured in cord blood. Children (N = 336) were evaluated for their height, weight, and bioimpedance at age 5, 7, 9, and 11 years. We used linear mixed‐effects models to assess associations of mtDNAcn tertiles in cord blood with child BMI, BMI z scores, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Latent class growth models and interactions between mtDNAcn and child age or child age2 were used to assess associations between age and adiposity trajectories.ResultsBMI was, on average, 1.5 kg/m2 higher (95% CI: 0.58, 2.5) in individuals with mtDNAcn in the low‐ compared with the middle‐mtDNAcn tertile. Results were similar for BMI z score, fat mass index, and body fat percentage. Moreover, children in the low‐mtDNAcn group had increased odds of being in an “increasing” or “high‐stable” adiposity class.ConclusionsLower mtDNAcn at birth may predict greater childhood adiposity, highlighting the potential key role of perinatal mitochondrial function in adiposity during development.
Optimal power quality improvement in distribution system with UPQC using an improved strategy
Authors: Palanisamy Tamilarasu , Thangamuthu Guna Sekar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA hybrid technique is proposed to enhance the power quality (PQ) on the distribution sides of the utility grid (UG) by controlling a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) connected to hybrid sources (photovoltaic [PV] and wind turbine [WT]). The proposed hybrid method integrates the implementation of the pelican optimization algorithm and the Aquila optimizer; hence, it is called the improved aquila optimizer (IAO) technique. The objective of the proposed method is to lessen the total harmonic distortion (THD), voltage instability, and PQ issues during load fluctuation situations. The improved Aquila Optimizer technique optimizes the control parameters of the UPQC to achieve optimal PQ development. The series controller is attached to the grid‐side to enhance grid PQ, while the shunt hybrid active power filter (SAPF) and shunt active power filter (SHAPF) generate the best control pulses based on load and source conditions. The proposed solution addresses power loss, THD, and voltage instability problems during load fluctuation conditions. The series controller reduces voltage sag by 14% and voltage swell by 15%. The THD for the proposed technique is 0.8%. The PQ of the proposed technique is improved, and various characteristics are reduced. The efficiency of the proposed technique is examined by using MATLAB and is compared to existing approaches. The PQ characteristics are significantly improved, and the proposed technique is better than the existing techniques.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for a Japanese woman with olfactory reference disorder (ORD) comorbid with schizophrenia: A case study
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuki , Nonaka Mari , Arai Kaoru , Nakamura Masayuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundOlfactory reference disorder (ORD) is a mental illness in which individuals overestimate their sense of smell and worry about the negative impact of odors. Little is known about its successful treatment. A new cognitive behavioral model was developed based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Using this model, this study reports a successful treatment process of a 53‐year‐old female with ORD.Case PresentationThe patient's initial diagnosis was schizophrenia, and improvements were observed, such as the disappearance of persecutory delusions, through medication therapy. During this treatment process, it became clear that the patient's preoccupation with her own offensive body odor was not a hallucination or delusion caused by schizophrenia but rather a symptom of ORD. Within a limited 4‐week hospitalization period, high‐intensity CBT was provided by a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist. Multiple CBT techniques were employed, including case formulation to identify her beliefs, reviewing safety‐seeking behaviors, attention shift training, behavioral experiments, public opinion polls, mindfulness meditation, and exposure and response prevention.ConclusionFollowing a seven‐sessions intensive intervention over 3 weeks, her symptoms of ORD, anxiety, and depression reduced. High‐frequency CBT practices could be beneficial in treatment of patients with severe ORD, addressing severe ORD cases, facilitating rapid improvement in both ORD symptoms and functioning.
Metabolism of ADB‐FUBIATA in zebrafish and pooled human liver microsomes investigated by liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Xinze , Tang Yiling , Xu Linhao , Liu Wei , Xiang Ping , Hang Taijun , Yan Hui 
Published: March 2024

RationaleADB‐FUBIATA is one of the most recently identified new psychoactive substance (NPS) of synthetic cannabinoids. The co‐use of in vitro (human liver microsomes) and in vivo (zebrafish) models offers abundant metabolites and may give a deep insight into the metabolism of NPS.MethodsIn vivo and in vitro metabolic studies of new synthetic cannabinoid ADB‐FUBIATA were carried out using zebrafish and pooled human liver microsome models. Metabilites were structurally characterized by liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry.ResultsIn total, 18 metabolites were discovered and identified in the pooled human liver microsomes and zebrafish, including seventeen phase I metabolites and one phase II metabolite. The main metabolic pathways of ADB‐FUBIATA were hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, N‐dealkylation, amide hydrolysis, glucuronidation, and combination thereof.ConclusionHydroxylated metabolites can be recommended as metabolic markers for ADB‐FUBIATA because of the structural characteristics and high intensity. These metabolism characteristics of ADB‐FUBIATA were useful for its further forensic or clinical related investigations.
ZIF‐8‐Encapsulated Pexidartinib Delivery via Targeted Peptide‐Modified M1 Macrophages Attenuates MDSC‐Mediated Immunosuppression in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Dong Jiabao , Chai Xupeng , Xue Yucheng , Shen Shiyun , Chen Zhuo , Wang Zetao , Yinwang Eloy , Wang Shengdong , Chen Liang , Wu Fengfeng , Li Hengyuan , Chen Zehao , Xu Jianbin , Ye Zhaoming , Li Xiongfeng , Lu Qian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdoptive cellular therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, the effectiveness of this therapy is limited by its intricate and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, a targeted therapeutic strategy for macrophage loading of drugs is presented to enhance anti‐tumor efficacy of macrophages. K7M2‐target peptide (KTP) is used to modify macrophages to enhance their affinity for tumors. Pexidartinib‐loaded ZIF‐8 nanoparticles (P@ZIF‐8) are loaded into macrophages to synergistically alleviate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment synergistically. Thus, the M1 macrophages decorated with KTP carried P@ZIF‐8 and are named P@ZIF/M1‐KTP. The tumor volumes in the P@ZIF/M1‐KTP group are significantly smaller than those in the other groups, indicating that P@ZIF/M1‐KTP exhibited enhanced anti‐tumor efficacy. Mechanistically, an increased ratio of CD4+ T cells and a decreased ratio of MDSCs in the tumor tissues after treatment with P@ZIF/M1‐KTP indicated that it can alleviate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. RNA‐seq further confirms the enhanced immune cell function. Consequently, P@ZIF/M1‐KTP has great potential as a novel adoptive cellular therapeutic strategy for tumors.
Development of Injectable Thermosensitive Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Ratiometric Drug Delivery to Treat Drug Resistant Chondrosarcoma In Vivo
Authors: Zhu Jiahui , Wei Ran , Hu Guang , Wang Hui , Wang Wenbin , Wang Haiqiang , Huang Jidan , Wang Yu , Li Yujing , Meng Huan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChondrosarcoma(CS), a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, frequently exhibits chemotherapy resistance attributed to upregulated anti‐apoptosis pathways such as the Bcl‐2 family. In this manuscript, a new strategy is presented to augment chemosensitivity and mitigate systemic toxicity by harnessing a nano‐enabled drug delivery hydrogel platform. The platform utilizes “PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA”, an amphiphilic triblock copolymer combining hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hydrophobic polylactide glycolide (PLGA) blocks, renowned for its properties conducive to crafting a biodegradable, temperature‐sensitive hydrogel. This platform is tailored to encapsulate a ratiometrically designed dual‐loaded liposomes containing a first‐line chemo option for CS, Doxorubicin (Dox), plus a calculated amount of small molecule inhibitor for anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 pathway, ABT‐737. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrate successful Bcl‐2 suppression, resulting in the restoration of Dox sensitivity, evident through impeded tumor growth and amplified necrosis rates at the tumor site. This delivery system showcases remarkable thermal responsiveness, injectability, and biodegradability, all finely aligned with the clinical demands of CS treatment. Collectively, this study introduces a transformative avenue for tackling drug resistance in CS chemotherapy, offering significant clinical potential.
Nanoparticle‐Empowered Core–Shell Microcapsules: From Architecture Design to Fabrication and Functions
Authors: Jiang Bo , Mu Manrui , Zhou Yan , Zhang Jun , Li Wenle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCompartmentalization is a powerful concept to integrate multiscale components with diverse functionalities into miniature architectures. Inspired by evolution‐optimized cell compartments, synthetic core–shell capsules enable storage of actives and on‐demand delivery of programmed functions, driving scientific progress across various fields including adaptive materials, sustainable electronics, soft robotics, and precision medicine. To simultaneously maximize structural stability and environmental sensitivity, which are the two most critical characteristics dictating performance, diverse nanoparticles are incorporated into microcapsules with a dense shell and a liquid core. Recent studies have revealed that these nano‐additives not only enhance the intrinsic properties of capsules including mechanical robustness, optical behaviors, and thermal conductivity, but also empower dynamic features such as triggered release, deformable structures, and fueled mobility. In this review, the physicochemical principles that govern nanoparticle assembly during microencapsulation are examined in detail and the architecture‐controlled functionalities are outlined. Through the analysis of how each primary method implants nanoparticles into microcapsules, their distinct spatial organizations within the core–shell structures are highlighted. Following a detailed discussion of the specialized functions enabled by specific nanoparticles, the vision of the required fundamental insights and experimental studies for this class of microcarriers to fulfill its potential are sketched.
Bacterial chemotaxis control process analysis with SysML
Authors: Johansen James D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper looks at the bacteria chemotaxis control process utilizing the System Modeling Language (SysML) to leverage well‐defined and proven engineering tools for architecting, analyzing, and refining complex systems. It proposes a new methodology called reverse‐engineering object‐oriented systems engineering method (RE‐OOSEM) that converts descriptive biology research information into descriptive systems engineering information. It utilizes SysML and model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) to capture system architecture from biological system knowledge and inputs them into systems engineering tools. From an engineering point of view, this allows greater insight into how biological systems operate and suggests how much model detail is required to uncover a top‐down system understanding. RE‐OOSEM methodology guides the SysML chemotaxis control capture process. SysML syntax is used instead of biological syntax to facilitate biological chemotaxis control system analysis from an engineered system point of view. The model can act as a scaffolding to help uncover system function, the relationships of system components and processes, and bioinformatic phenotype and genotype correlation. An executable MathWorks Stateflow chemotaxis control process model based on the SysML architectural model is included. The results show the following engineering perspective observations. (1) Several control components are not dedicated but are available and utilized when needed. (2) Individual chemoreceptors act together as a sensor array. (3) Phosphate groups act as a signaling mechanism. (4) Methylation via CH3 groups of the chemoreceptor results in sensitivity adaptation. (5) Closed‐loop control collaboratively utilizes ligand bonding, phosphorylation, and methylation. (6) Timing relationships of the control subprocesses give insight into the system's architecture.
The impact of agricultural practices on groundwater depletion: A spatiotemporal analysis of India
Authors: Sahu Harish , Pradhan Kalandi Charan 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, intensive agricultural activities have adversely impacted the groundwater resources. The post‐green revolution era in India witnessed excessive irrigation practices that negatively impacted sustainable groundwater utilization. This study aims to analyze trends and patterns of groundwater depletion and identify potential factors to determine groundwater depletion across Indian states for the period 2004–2020. In doing so, percentage of safe blocks in terms of groundwater status is used as proxy for groundwater depletion. Employing the Mann–Kendal Method and Sen's slope, the study examines groundwater trends, while spatial analysis is conducted using Moran's I technique. Furthermore, a Fixed Effect‐Generalized Least Square (FE‐GLS) regression approach is employed to identify factors that influence groundwater status. Findings reveal the spatial autocorrelation of groundwater extraction among Indian states, which reflected by a Moran's I value of 0.62. Additionally, this study found that region of northern and southern India exhibits increasing trend groundwater depletion as compared to other regions. Based on the results of FE‐GLS regression and regression with Driscroll–Kraay standard error, our study indicates that crop intensity, gross irrigated land, gross sown area, and the area sown with water‐intensive crops have a negative and significant impacts on the percentage of safe blocks in terms of groundwater availability. Conversely, we found that annual rainfall has a positive and significant relationship with the percentage of safe blocks. From a policy perspective, the study suggests regulating the cultivation of water‐intensive crops and advocates for integrated policies to ensure sustainable water resource and food security – a balance often termed the food‐water‐energy nexus.
Traditional knowledge for climate resilience in the Pacific Islands
Authors: Nunn Patrick D. , Kumar Roselyn , Barrowman Hannah M. , Chambers Lynda , Fifita Laitia , Gegeo David , Gomese Chelcia , McGree Simon , Rarai Allan , Cheer Karen , Esau Dorothy , Fa'anunu 'Ofa , Fong Teddy , Fong‐Lomavatu Mereia , Geraghty Paul , Heorake Tony , Kekeubata Esau , Korovulavula Isoa , Kubunavanua Eferemo , Lui Siosinamele , MacLaren David , Malsale Philip , Nemani Sipiriano , Plotz Roan D. , Puairana Gaylyn , Rantes Jimmy , Singh‐Peterson Lila , Waiwai Mike 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPacific Islands, many relatively remote and small, have been occupied by people for more than 3000 years during which time they experienced climate‐driven environmental changes (both slow and rapid onset) that challenged human survival and led to the evolution of place‐based coping strategies expressed through traditional knowledge (TK). In today's globalized Pacific Islands region, into which western worldviews and global adaptation strategies have made significant inroads, most plans for coping with climate‐changed futures are founded in science‐based understandings of the world that undervalue and sideline TK. Many such plans have proved difficult to implement as a consequence. This paper reviews the nature of extant Pacific TK for coping with climate change, something that includes TK for anticipating climate change (including climate variability and climate extremes) as well as ancillary TK associated with food and water security, traditional ecological knowledge, environmental conservation, and settlement and house construction that represent coping strategies. Much of this TK can be demonstrated as being effective with precedents in other (traditional) contexts and a compelling plausible scientific basis. This study demonstrates that Pacific Islands TK for coping with climate change has value and, especially because of its place‐based nature, should be central to future climate‐change adaptation strategies to enhance their uptake, effectiveness and sustainability. To this end, this paper proposes specific ways forward to optimize the utility of TK and ensure it has a realistic role in sustaining Pacific Island communities into the future.This article is categorized under:
Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge
Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Observed Impacts of Climate Change