bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of 7‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxycadalene on cell cycle, apoptosis and protein translation in A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Jin Hua , Kim Hyun‐Woo , Xu Cheng‐Xiong , Kwon Jung‐Taek , Hwang Soon‐Kyung , Lee Eun‐Sun , Chang Seung‐Hee , Park Sung‐Jin , Noh Mi‐Suk , Woo Min‐Ah , Yu Kyeong‐Nam , Lee Hu‐Jang , Choi Joon‐Weon , Choi Don‐Ha , Cho Myung‐Haing 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPreviously we reported that cadalene extracted from Zelkova serrata inhibited lung tumorigenesis in mice. However, the precise mechanism has not yet investigated. Here, we examined the effects of cadalene on signal pathways important for apoptosis, cell cycle, and protein translation in lung cancer cells. Our results showed that cadalene suppressed the expression of Akt and its phosphor‐forms through controlling PI3K and PTEN. Cadalene also induced apoptosis through facilitating proapoptotic protein expression. In addition, cadalene caused cell cycle arrest and decreased mTOR‐mediated protein translation. Taken together, cadalene may be developed as a lung cancer therapeutic agent in the future.
Low serum selenium concentration as a possible factor for persistent goiter in Iranian school children
Authors: Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad Hossein , Sadegholvaad Abdolsamad , Ejtehadi Fardad , Omrani Gholamhossein 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSelenium deficiency can have adverse effect on thyroid metabolism and response to iodine supplementation. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between prevalence of goiter, thyroid hormone profile, urinary iodine and serum selenium concentrations in Iranian schoolchildren.In a cross‐ sectional study, 1188 schoolchildren in the age group of 8‐13 years were evaluated for goiter prevalence. Urine and serum samples were collected from 500 children and assayed for urinary iodine concentration, thyroid hormone profile and serum selenium concentration.The overall goiter prevalence was 39.6% and the median urinary iodine excretion, indicated to an adequate iodine intake. The mean serum selenium concentration was 119.1 ± 31 μg/l with significant difference between boys and girls (108.4 ± 26.2 μg/l vs 127.7 ± 32.1 μg/l). An increase in free T4 concentration was observed in those with a lower selenium level and there was a significant relationship between the presence or absence of goiter and serum selenium concentration. Selenium supplementation may be an advisable measure to optimize thyroid hormone metabolism and decrease the prevalence of goiter in schoolchildren with low serum selenium concentration.
Coenzyme Q10 concentration in the plasma of children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia before and during induction treatment
Authors: Niklowitz Petra , Wiesel Thomas , Andler Werner , Menke Thomas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCoenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is used by the body as an endogenous antioxidant. This property combined with its essential function in mitochondrial energy production suggests that it may have therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. As part of the body's antioxidant defence against free radical production, CoQ10 concentrations may change during anti‐cancer chemotherapy.Our study measured CoQ10 concentration in the plasma of 27 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) at the time of diagnosis, during induction (protocol ALL‐BFM 2000), and post induction treatment. The starting values were compared to the CoQ10 concentrations in 92 healthy children. The total CoQ10 concentration and its redox status were measured by HPLC using electrochemical detection and internal standardisation. While the CoQ10 concentration in the plasma of children with ALL was within a normal range at the time of diagnosis (0.99 ± 0.41 pmol/μl), a drastic increase was observed during induction treatment (2.19 ± 1.01 pmol/μl on day 33). This increase was accompanied by shift in the redox status in favour of the reduced form of CoQ10. The increase in CoQ10 concentration during induction treatment may be attributed to the activation of a natural antioxidative defence mechanism, endocrine influence on CoQ10 synthesis from steroid treatment, or a shift in CoQ10 from the damaged cells to the plasma after cell lysis.
The activity of an extract and fraction ofAgrimonia eupatoriaL. against reactive species
Authors: Correia Helena S. , Batista Maria Teresa , Dinis Teresa C.P. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAgrimonia eupatoriaL. (agrimony) is a medicinal plant largely used in traditional medicine. Recently, phytochemical studies on an agrimony hydro‐alcoholic extract and a polyphenol‐enriched fraction obtained from it were carried out. The fraction was found to possess a high concentration of flavan‐3‐ols, flavonols, flavones and phenolic acids. So, the main purpose of this study was to search out, the extract and fraction antioxidant potential and scavenging activity against the reactive species formed during inflammation and to establish a relationship between such activity and the phenolic composition. Results showed that both the extract and the fraction promptly reacted with DPPH denoting a general radical scavenger activity and a potential antioxidant capacity. They also reacted with superoxide anion, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals as well as with the oxidant species, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid and peroxynitrite, strengthening their radical scavenger and antioxidant activities. In most assays, the polyphenol‐enriched fraction was more efficient, pointing to a significant contribution of the polyphenols content to those activities. Our data suggest that the significant scavenging capacity of reactive species by polyphenols fromAgrimonia eupatoriaL., could be a mechanism of its anti‐inflammatory activity.
Phenethyl isothiocyanate suppresses receptor activator of NF‐kappaB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclastogenesis by blocking activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Murakami Akira , Song Meiyu , Ohigashi Hajime 
Published: December 2008

AbstractOsteoclastogenesis is induced by differentiation of hemopoietic cells of monocyte‐macrophage lineage into boneresorbing osteoclasts. The process is initiated by receptor activator of NF‐kappaB ligand (RANKL) and resultant activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK), including extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, as well as the NFκB pathway. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a phytochemical present in various cruciferous plants, has been shown to disrupt those signaling pathways in several cell types. In this study, we examined the efficacy of PEITC for suppressing RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 murine macrophages and addressed the underlying molecular mechanisms. PEITC (2–10 μM) suppressed osteoclastogenesis in a concentration dependent manner, as detected by tartarate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and microscopic observations. RANKL‐up‐regulated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) activities were attenuated by PEITC, whereas c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK1/2) activation was increased. PEITC also abrogated the RANKL‐induced degradation of IκB‐α, a suppressive partner of nuclear factor kappaB (NFκB), thereby inhibiting transcription activity, as detected by a reporter assay. In addition, PEITC reduced the level of NFκB‐dependent mRNA expression of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT)c1, a master regulator of osteoclastogenesis. Our results indicate that PEITC is a promising agent for treatment of osteoclastogenesis with a reasonable action mechanism.
Effects of decylubiquinone (coenzyme Q10 analog) supplementation on SHRSP
Authors: Murad Leonardo Borges , Guimarães Marcela Rodrigues Moreira , Vianna Ucia Marques 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDecylubiquinone treatment in vitro has demonstrated a potent inhibitor effect on reactive oxidative species production. However, the effect in vivo has not been demonstrated yet. Thus, rats SHRSP male were divided in two groups: treated and controls (n = 6, each). The treated group received 10 mg/Kg−/body weight of decylubiquinone diluted in coconut oil by oral gavage during four weeks. Control rats just received the vehicle. Body weight, diuresis, food and water intake, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol, HDL‐cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose levels and malondialdehyde were determined. There were a significant (p < 0.05) reduction on systolic blood pressure, plasma malondialdehyde, total cholesterol and LDL‐cholesterol in the treated group. Additionally, HDL‐cholesterol also increased significantly. However, body weight, diuresis, food and water intake, blood glucose levels and triglycerides did not alter after treatment. Thus, decylubiquinone can be a new antihypertensive, hypolipidemic and antioxidant agent on the prevention and treatment of diseases linked to oxidative stress.
Impact of daily consumption of iron fortified ready‐to‐eat cereal and pumpkin seed kernels (Cucurbita pepo) on serum iron in adult women
Authors: Naghii Mohammad Reza , Mofid Mahmood 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIron deficiency, anemia, is the most prevalent nutritional problem in the world today.The objective of this study was to consider the effectiveness of consumption of iron fortified ready‐to‐eat cereal and pumpkin seed kernels as two sources of dietary iron on status of iron nutrition and response of hematological characteristics of women at reproductive ages. Eight healthy female, single or non pregnant subjects, aged 20–37 y consumed 30 g of iron fortified ready‐to‐eat cereal (providing 7.1 mg iron/day) plus 30 g of pumpkin seed kernels (providing 4.0 mg iron/day) for four weeks. Blood samples collected on the day 20 of menstrual cycles before and after consumption and indices of iron status such as reticulocyte count, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), serum ferritin, iron, total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin and transferrin saturation percent were determined. Better response for iron status was observed after consumption period. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the pre and post consumption phase for higher serum iron (60 ± 22 vs. 85 ± 23 ug/dl), higher transferrin saturation percent (16.8 ± 8.0 vs. 25.6 ± 9.0%), and lower TIBC (367 ± 31 vs. 339 ± 31 ug/dl). All individuals had higher serum iron after consumption. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.981, p = 0.000) between the differences in serum iron levels and differences in transferrin saturation percentages and a significant negative correlation (r = −0.916, p < 0.001) between the differences in serum iron levels and differences in TIBC was found, as well.Fortified foods contribute to maintaining optimal nutritional status and minimizing the likelihood of iron insufficiencies and use of fortified ready‐to‐eat cereals is a common strategy. The results showed that adding another food source of iron such as pumpkin seed kernels improves the iron status. Additional and longer studies using these two food products are recommended to further determine the effect of iron fortification on iron nutrition and status among the target population, and mainly in young children, adolescents, women of reproductive ages and pregnant women.
Changes in zinc uptake in response to ascorbic acid and folic acid in rat liver slices under normal and oxidative stress conditions
Authors: Tupe R.S. , Chiplonkar S.A. , Agte V.V. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractZinc plays a dual role, as an integral part of metabolic machinery and in defense against reactive oxygen species. Hepatocytes are important sites for zinc metabolism for synthesis of zinc metalloproteins and maintaining its homeostasis. However, the factors influencing post absorptive zinc metabolism under normal and oxidative stress (OS) conditions are not well understood. Using rat liver slices, we conducted a series of four in vitro zinc uptake experiments to study influence of ascorbic acid and folic acid in normal and oxidative stress conditions with Zn concentrations representing deficient to excess states (7.7–30.7 millimole/L). Zinc uptakes under OS at these four zinc levels were lower than the normal conditions. Folic acid showed significant inhibitory effect on zinc uptake under both normal and OS conditions in a dose response manner. Nevertheless, dose response of ascorbic acid at four zinc levels indicated its marked enhancing effect under OS condition. Differences in zinc uptake trend lines between the normal and OS conditions for interaction of both the vitamins narrowed down as the zinc levels increased. Our results suggest that folic acid causes inhibitory effect, while ascorbic acid may be protective in OS with reference to zinc uptake.
Mitochondrial recycling of ascorbic acid as a mechanism for regenerating cellular ascorbate
Authors: May James M. , Li Liying , Qu Zhi‐Chao , Cobb Charles E. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractMitochondria are the major source of potentially damaging reactive oxygen species in most cells. Since ascorbic acid, or vitamin C, can protect against cellular oxidant stress, we studied the ability of mitochondria prepared from guinea pig skeletal muscle to recycle the vitamin from its oxidized forms. Although ascorbate concentrations in freshly prepared mitochondria were only about 0.2 mM, when provided with 6 mM succinate and 1 mM dehydroascorbate (the two‐electronoxidized form of the vitamin), mitochondria were able to generate and maintain concentrations as high as 4 mM, while releasing most of the ascorbate into the incubation medium. Mitochondrial reduction of dehydroascorbate was strongly inhibited by 1,3‐bis(chloroethyl)‐1‐nitrosourea and by phenylarsine oxide. Despite existing evidence that mitochondrial ascorbate protects the organelle from oxidant damage, ascorbate failed to preserve mitochondrial α‐tocopherol during prolonged incubation in oxygenated buffer. Nonetheless, the capacity for mitochondria to recycle ascorbate from its oxidized forms, measured as ascorbate‐dependent ferricyanide reduction, was several‐fold greater than total steady‐state ascorbate concentrations. This, and the finding that more than half of the ascorbate recycled from dehydroascorbate escaped the mitochondrion, suggests that mitochondrial recycling of ascorbate might be an important mechanism for regenerating intracellular ascorbate.
The characterization and molecular structure of hepatoproliferin: A liver regeneration factor from rat hepatocytes
Authors: Oosthuizen Mathys M. J. , Lambrechts Hugo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractHepatoproliferin (HPF) was purified from regenerating rat livers as an oligomeric entity (big‐HPF) from which the monomeric form (small‐HPF) could be obtained using disaggregating conditions. By using a solid‐phase ion‐exchange method, small‐HPF was forced to dissociate into two charged ionic species, namely norepinephrine (NE) and a sulfonated disaccharide with a molecular structure consisting of D‐glucuronic acid bound to glucosamine 2,6‐disulfate by a β‐glycosidic linkage having a β, 1 → 4 configuration. Monomeric HPF stemmed from the formation of three electrostatic bonds between the protonated amine groups of three norepinephrines, of which two bind to the deprotonated sulfonic groups of glucosamine 2,6‐disulfate and one to the deprotonated carboxylic group of glucuronic acid, to constitute a tightly associated complex with a molecular mass of 1046 Da. This represents one of the two purified isoforms of small‐HPF. The other isoform, which has a lower molecular mass of 877 Da, lack one NE, leaving the weaker carboxylic group of glucuronic acid unoccupied, to constitute a more acidic form of HPF.
Enhanced anti‐proliferative effects of combinatorial treatment of δ ‐tocopherol and resveratrol in human HMC‐1 cells
Authors: Reiter Elke , Azzi Angelo , Zingg Jean‐Marc 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe tocopherols (α‐, β‐, γ‐, and δ‐tocopherol) and resveratrol are phytochemicals with alleged beneficial effects against atherosclerosis, vascular diseases and different cancers. They both can act as antioxidants, but they also modulate signal transduction and gene expression by non‐antioxidant mechanisms. Here we wanted to determine whether the combined treatment of mast cells with the two compounds inhibits cell proliferation more efficiently when compared to individual treatments. Both compounds inhibit HMC‐1 mastocytoma cell proliferation and reduce the activity of Protein Kinase B (PKB/Akt) by inhibiting its Ser473‐phosphorylation. The combination of 50 μM δ‐tocopherol and 50 μM resveratrol inhibits proliferation of HMC‐1 cells more efficiently when compared to single treatments. In line with this, PKB Ser473‐phosphorylation is inhibited best by δtocopherol and resveratrol combinatory treatment. Resveratrol acts more efficiently as an inhibitor of PKB phosphorylation than α‐, β‐, γ‐tocopherols, whereas δ‐tocopherol shows a stronger inhibition possibly as a result of its apoptotic secondary effects. Our data suggest that δ‐tocopherol and resveratrol can act additively in reducing cell proliferation and PKB phosphorylation. The combination of phytochemicals with relatively broad specificity on enzymes involved in signal transduction and gene expression may increase their activity in disease prevention by modulating several different molecular targets.
Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of methanol extracts from aerial parts of Korean salad plants
Authors: Heo Buk‐Gu , Park Yong‐Seo , Chon Sang‐Uk , Lee Sook‐Young , Cho Ja‐Yong , Gorinstein Shela 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to determine the content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of methanol extracts from the aerial parts of 11 Korean medicinal salad plants. The highest total phenolic content of the methanol extracts was found in Aster scaber (17.1 mg 100 g−1 ), followed by Ixeris dentate (16.4 mg 100 g−1 ), Aster yomena (12.0 mg 100 g−1 ) and Sedum sarmentosum (9.1 mg 100 g−1 ) of FW. Methanol extracts of Ixeris dentate and Aster scaber at 50 μg mL−1 exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity by 86.4 and 83.3%, respectively. It was registered a dose‐dependent increase of DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Total phenolic content of the studied plant extracts was correlated with the DPPH radical scavenging activity. It was found by means of MTT assay, that cytotoxicity of the methanol extracts was the highest against HCT‐116. Methanol extracts from Petasites japonicus (IC50 < 25.0 μg mL−1 ) showed the highest activity against HCT‐116, following by Angelica gigas (34.75 μg mL−1 ), Erythronium japonicum (44.06 μg mL−1 ), and Aster scaber (54.87 μg mL−1 ).In conclusion, the studied salad plants have high total phenolics content and high antioxidant activity. These plants dosedependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The total phenolics level was highly correlated with the free radical scavenging activity. Most of the studied salad plants have potent cytotoxicity activity. The results of this investigation suggest that the extracts of studied salad plants could be an addition to basic medicine for some diseases.
Effect of AOB, a fermented‐grain food supplement, on oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Minamiyama Yukiko , Takemura Shigekazu , Tsukioka Takuma , Shinkawa Hiroji , Kobayashi Fumiko , Nishikawa Yuriko , Kodai Shintaro , Mizuguchi Shinjiro , Suehiro Shigefumi , Okada Shigeru 
Published: December 2008

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Antioxidant Biofactor (AOB) is a mixture of commercially available fermented grain foods and has strong antioxidant activity. This study investigated the effect of AOB supplementation of standard rat food on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with type 2 diabetes. Blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, plasma free fatty acid, triacylglycerol and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) were significantly higher in OLETF rats than in non‐diabetic control Long‐Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats at 29 weeks. AOB (6.5% of diet) was given to rats during 29–33 weeks of diabetic phase in OLETF rats.OLETF rats with AOB supplementation showed decreased blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triacylgycerol, low density lipoprotein, cholesterol and PAI‐1. Mitochondrial ROS production was significantly increased in heart, aorta, liver and renal artery of OLETF rats. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is known to regulate ROS production. We found aortic UCP2 protein expression increased in OLETF rats, and AOB returned UCP2 expression to normal.Aortic endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was also increased in OLETF rats more than in LETO rats at 33 weeks. In contrast, phosphorylated vasodilator‐stimulated phosphoprotein, an index of the NO‐cGMP pathway, was significantly diminished. AOB increased eNOS proteins in LETO and OLETF rats. In conclusion, AOB significantly improved the NO‐cGMP pathway via normalizing ROS generation in OLETF rats. The data suggest that dietary supplementation with AOB contributes to nutritional strategies for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Water extract ofCordyceps sinensis(WECS) inhibits the RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Mizuha Yoko , Yamamoto Hironori , Sato Tadatoshi , Tsuji Mitsuyoshi , Masuda Masashi , Uchida Masayuki , Sakai Kentaro , Taketani Yutaka , Yasutomo Koji , Sasaki Hajime , Takeda Eiji 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIt has been reported thatCordyceps sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine, has various pharmacological effects. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of water extract ofCordyceps sinensis(WECS) on osteoclast differentiationin vitro. In mouse bone marrow cells and monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7, WECS dose‐dependently inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclast differentiation by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. In fact, cytotoxic effect was not observed in the RAW264.7 cells treated with WECS. Moreover, the mRNA expression of osteoclast related genes (calcitonin receptor, cathepsin K, matrix metalloprotease 9 and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1) was also inhibited by WECS. Investigation of inhibitory mechanism by using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Western blot analysis revealed that WECS inhibited the activation of NF‐κB through the prevention of IκBα phosphorylation. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate for the first time that WECS is a potent inhibitor of the RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation through a mechanism involving the NF‐κB pathway.