bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of metal artefact reduction level on the assessment of dental implant positioning by cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Capel Camila Porto , da Motta Raphael Jurca Gonçalves , Pauwels Ruben , Gaêta-Araujo Hugo , Oliveira-Santos Christiano , Tirapelli Camila 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluated the effect of metal artefact reduction (MAR) level and tube current on the assessment of dental implant positioning relative to the mandibular canal (MC) through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods
Titanium dental implants were placed in dried mandibles at 0.5-mm superior to the MC (group 1/n = 8) and 0.5-mm inside the MC with perforation of the cortex (group 2/n = 10). CBCT scans were obtained with different levels of MAR (off, medium, and high) and 2 tube currents (4 and 8 mA). Four examiners analysed the images and scored the contact between the implant and the MC using a 5-point scale. Sensitivity, specificity, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and frequency of scores were calculated. Data were compared with analysis of variance 2-way and Tukey's test and scores with Chi-square test.

Results
Specificity and area under ROC curve decreased significantly when MAR level was high compared with MAR-medium and MAR-off. The frequency of score 3 (inconclusive) was the highest, and scores 1 and 5 (definitely no contact and definitely contact, respectively) were the lowest with MAR-high, regardless of the tube current. When MAR was off, there were higher frequencies of scores 1 and 5.

Conclusions
The level of MAR influences the assessment of the relationship between the dental implant and the MC. MAR-high led to lower diagnostic accuracy compared with MAR-medium and off.

Advances in knowledge
This article shows that high level of MAR can interfere in the diagnostic of dental implant positioning relative to the MC, decreasing its accuracy.
Digest: Liolaemus lizards as an emerging model system to study hybridization as a driver of rapid radiations
Authors: Olave Melisa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent perspectives on speciation genomics emphasize the pivotal role of hybridization in driving rapid radiations. The Liolaemus lizard genus displays impressive species richness with around 290 species widely distributed across southern South America. Sánchez et al. conducted a comprehensive study on the 5-million-year-old Liolaemus kingii group, which includes 14 species. The research provides new key insights to enhance our understanding of this rapid radiation, including its diversification in space and time and the consequences of hybridization in its morphological evolution and taxonomy.
Prospective external validation of the FluScore risk score for influenza in outpatients
Authors: Ebell Mark H , Dale Ariella , Merenstein Dan J , Barrett Bruce , Hulme Cassie , Walters Sarah , Sabry Alea , Bentivegna Michelle 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Testing for influenza in patients with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is common and in some cases is performed for all patients with LRTI. A more selective approach to testing could be more efficient.

Methods
We used data from two prospective studies in the US primary and urgent care settings that enrolled patients with acute LRTI or influenza-like illness. Data were collected in the 2016, 2019, 2021, and 2022 flu seasons. All patients underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for influenza and the FluScore was calculated based on patient-reported symptoms at their initial visit. The probability of influenza in each risk group was reported, as well as stratum-specific likelihood ratios (SSLRs) for each risk level.

Results
The prevalence of influenza within risk groups varied based on overall differences in flu seasons and populations. However, the FluScore exhibited consistent performance across various seasons and populations based on the SSLRs. The FluScore had a consistent SSLR range of 0.20 to 0.23 for the low-risk group, 0.63 to 0.99 for the moderate-risk group, and 1.46 to 1.67 for the high-risk group. The diagnostic odds ratio based on the midpoints of these ranges was 7.25.

Conclusions
The FluScore could streamline patient categorization, identifying patients who could be exempted from testing, while identifying candidates for rapid influenza tests. This has the potential to be more efficient than a “one size fits all” test strategy, as it strategically targets the use of tests on patients most likely to benefit. It is potentially usable in a telehealth setting.
Computation of prediction intervals for forest aboveground biomass predictions using generalized linear models in a large-extent boreal forest region
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Ritwika , Ekström Magnus , Lindberg Eva , Persson Henrik J , Saarela Svetlana , Nilsson Mats 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Remotely sensed data have an important application for estimation of forest variables, e.g. height, volume, and aboveground biomass (AGB). The increased use of remotely sensed data implemented along with model-based inference has shown improved efficiency in prediction and mapping of such forest variables. In this study, plot-level airborne laser scanning data and Swedish National Forest Inventory field reference data were used to predict AGB using generalized linear models (GLMs) assuming Gamma and Tweedie distributions for the field observed AGB. The GLMs were selected considering the convenience of not correcting transformation bias as it is required in other regression models with transformed response variable. To overcome the challenge in providing reliable uncertainty estimates for the estimated forest variable map products at individual pixel-scale, we focused on computing 95% prediction intervals (PIs) for Gamma and Tweedie GLMs with a square root link function. The relative uncertainties were computed as the ratio between the half-width of the PIs and the predicted AGBs. The AGB-airborne laser scanning models were developed with root mean square error values of 22.6 Mgha−1 (26%) and 21.7 Mgha−1 (25%), respectively, for the Gamma and Tweedie GLMs. Two methods were applied to compute PIs for the Gamma GLM, one using the R package ‘ciTools’ and another derived through asymptotic theory. It was found that the 95% PIs computed using ‘ciTools’ had the most accurate coverage probability in comparison to the other method. An extended version of these PIs was also utilized for the Tweedie GLMs. The range of PIs associated with the prediction of AGB were narrower for lower predicted AGB values compared with the length of higher predicted AGB values. Comparing the two fitted models, the Gamma GLM showed lower relative uncertainties for the lower range of predicted AGBs, whereas the Tweedie GLM showed lower relative uncertainties for the higher range of predicted AGBs. Overall, the Tweedie GLM provided a better model fit for AGB predictions.
Unraveling betalain suppression in pitaya: insights from co-activator HuMYB9 binding at HuCYP76AD1-1, HuADH1, and HuDODA1 super-enhancers
Authors: Xie Fangfang , Shah Kamran , Chen Canbin , Sabir Irfan Ali , Chen Jiayi , Chen Jiaxuan , Chen Jianye , Qin Yonghua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Myeloblastosis (MYB) proteins, recognized as crucial transcriptional regulators, play an integral role in orchestrating the range of plant colors.

Materials and Methods
Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.), a distinctive commercially cultivated fruit, stands apart due to its unique betalains, water-soluble nitrogen-enriched pigments that confer its vibrant hues. Although betalain biosynthesis has been extensively explored, the potential influence of co-activators that might disrupt pigment production remains relatively unexplored.

Results
In this study, we found that HuMYB9, an R2R3-MYB repressor, exhibited a remarkable decreasing during pitaya maturation. Sequence alignment analyses showed conserved R2 and R3 domains within the C-terminal of HuMYB9. HuMYB9’s regulatory activities were found to be nuclear localized and it interacted with specific elements within the promoters of HuDODA1, HuADH1, and HuCYP76AD1-1, thus influencing the transcriptional activities in vitro. HuMYB9 transiently downregulated the expression of key betalain biosynthetic genes with a corresponding effect on the levels of pitaya pulp betalains.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that HuMYB9 operates as a suppressor, specifically downregulating the expression of HuCYP76AD1-1, HuDODA1, and HuADH, thereby modulating betalain biosynthesis in pitaya. Collectively, our findings provide invaluable insights into the regulation of betalain accumulation in pitaya.
Desecration, Secularization, Restoration: Cologne’s Churches during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1792–1815
Authors: Rowe Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Napoleonic era was transformative for Cologne’s churches. The wars that characterized this period brought destruction and upheaval. The invading French army that occupied the city in 1794 was an agent of the new Republic, a polity then at war with Catholicism. Most spectacularly, this resulted in the desacralization of Cologne’s churches, some of which were turned into storage depots for the army or made into temples for the new republican cult. However, once Napoleon seized control of the Republic in 1799, a new French policy was enforced in the city and surrounding region. It restored many aspects of the old familiar religious order, but at the same time created new institutions of church management and preservation that survived the end of French rule in 1814.
The highest-cost Medicaid enrollees with sickle cell disease had annual health care expenditures nearing $200 000
Authors: Speller Junelle , Rayel Sarah , Hayashi Kristen , Kirby Michaela , Munevar Dianne , Hartzman Alex , Dietz Kevin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a painful chronic blood disorder that causes serious complications and comorbidities, often leading to premature death. SCD impacts millions of people worldwide, including an estimated 100 000 in the United States, most of whom are Black or Latino. We analyzed Medicaid enrollment, claims, and encounter data via the Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) to examine the 2021 health care utilization and spending of Medicaid enrollees with SCD. Our analysis found that Medicaid enrollees with SCD have high annual medical and pharmacy expenditures that are not evenly distributed across the population. Among the most severe enrollees with genotypes eligible for clinical trials, those in the top 5% of health care spending incurred, on average, nearly $200 000 per year for this chronic condition.
Student evaluation of an instructional video on how to use a national medicines information resource
Authors: Tait Kirsty , Gandhi Jimit , Ward Michael , Calabretto Jean-Pierre , Rossi Simone 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this project was to obtain students’ perception of an educational companion video designed to increase the understanding of a national medicines information resource.

Methods
An instructional video was developed to guide students in utilizing the online version of the Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH). All students enrolled in the Bachelor of Pharmacy program during 2021 were given access to this video. A cross-sectional electronic survey was administered to evaluate the video’s effectiveness and its impact on students’ confidence. The survey results were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, in addition to qualitative analysis to identify common themes. Ethics approval was obtained prior to conducting the study.

Key findings
Most students (78%; n = 72/92) reported that watching the video increased their understanding. The most growth in confidence was seen by students in their first or second year of study. Fifty-four percent (n = 48/89) of students was very likely or extremely likely to recommend the video to others, and 37% (n = 33/89) of students were somewhat likely. Students found the instructional video to be useful and expressed a desire for similar content to be integrated into other facets of teaching. The audio–visual mode of delivery was regarded as effective for this context. Constructive feedback included suggestions of incorporating more advanced educational features such as how to interpret comparative medication charts and interaction checkers.

Conclusions
The ‘How to use the AMH’ video is a good introductory resource for undergraduate Australian healthcare students. Our results indicate that this video would be best suited to complement the teaching of students early on in their studies.
Trust your source: quantifying source condition elements for variational regularisation methods
Authors: Benning Martin , Bubba Tatiana A , Ratti Luca , Riccio Danilo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Source conditions are a key tool in regularisation theory that are needed to derive error estimates and convergence rates for ill-posed inverse problems. In this paper, we provide a recipe to practically compute source condition elements as the solution of convex minimisation problems that can be solved with first-order algorithms. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by testing it on two inverse problem case studies in machine learning and image processing: sparse coefficient estimation of a polynomial via LASSO regression and recovering an image from a subset of the coefficients of its discrete Fourier transform. We further demonstrate that the proposed approach can easily be modified to solve the machine learning task of identifying the optimal sampling pattern in the Fourier domain for a given image and variational regularisation method, which has applications in the context of sparsity promoting reconstruction from magnetic resonance imaging data.
Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines on Viral Respiratory Infections: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sepúlveda-Pachón Ingrid T , Dunne Eileen M , Hanquet Germaine , Baay Marc , Menon Sonia , Jodar Luis , Gessner Bradford D , Theilacker Christian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
In addition to preventing pneumococcal disease, emerging evidence indicates that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) might indirectly reduce viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) by affecting pneumococcal-viral interactions.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of interventional and observational studies published during 2000–2022 on vaccine efficacy/adjusted effectiveness (VE) and overall effect of PCV7, PCV9, PCV10, or PCV13 against viral RTIs.

Results
Sixteen of 1671 records identified were included. Thirteen publications described effects of PCVs against viral RTIs in children. VE against influenza ranged between 41% and 86% (n = 4), except for the 2010–2011 influenza season. In a randomized controlled trial, PCV9 displayed efficacy against any viral RTI, human seasonal coronavirus, parainfluenza, and human metapneumovirus. Data in adults were limited (n = 3). PCV13 VE was 4%–25% against viral lower RTI, 32%–35% against coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes, 24%–51% against human seasonal coronavirus, and 13%–36% against influenza A lower RTI, with some 95% confidence intervals spanning zero. No protection was found against adenovirus or rhinovirus in children or adults.

Conclusions
PCVs were associated with protection against some viral RTI, with the strongest evidence for influenza in children. Limited evidence for adults was generally consistent with pediatric data. Restricting public health evaluations to confirmed pneumococcal outcomes may underestimate the full impact of PCVs.
Impact of Low-Frequency Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance Mutations on Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes
Authors: Burdorf Rachel M , Zhou Shuntai , Amon Claire , Long Nathan , Hill Collin S , Adams Lily , Tegha Gerald , Chagomerana Maganizo B , Jumbe Allan , Maliwichi Madalitso , Wallie Shaphil , Li Yijia , Swanstrom Ronald , Hosseinipour Mina C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The association between low-frequency human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and treatment failure (TF) is controversial. We explore this association using next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods that accurately sample low-frequency DRMs.

Methods
We enrolled women with HIV-1 in Malawi who were either antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive (cohort A), had ART failure (cohort B), or had discontinued ART (cohort C). At entry, cohorts A and C began a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–based regimen and cohort B started a protease inhibitor–based regimen. We used Primer ID MiSeq to identify regimen-relevant DRMs in entry and TF plasma samples, and a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for entry DRMs. Low-frequency DRMs were defined as ≤20%.

Results
We sequenced 360 participants. Cohort B and C participants were more likely to have TF than cohort A participants. The presence of K103N at entry significantly increased TF risk among A and C participants at both high and low frequency, with HRs of 3.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58–6.18) and 2.38 (95% CI, 1.00–5.67), respectively. At TF, 45% of participants showed selection of DRMs while in the remaining participants there was an apparent lack of selective pressure from ART.

Conclusions
Using accurate NGS for DRM detection may benefit an additional 10% of patients by identifying low-frequency K103N mutations.
Religio-erotic Experience and Transoceanic Becoming at the Shoreline in Audre Lorde’s Zami
Authors: Coleman Taylor Ashley 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In her biomythographical work Zami: A New Spelling of My Name, Audre Lorde’s lover Afrekete appears as a Black queer femme who alters her sense of self and her being through religio-erotic experience. After tracing the spirit who inspired Lorde’s Afrekete throughout the Americas, I propose a theory of the shoreline as a site of transoceanic becoming, or the experience of self-identification required to navigate the Western world as an African diaspora being. I focus primarily on the ontologies of Black trans and queer femmes and the unconscious yet necessary process of becoming at the intersections of existence.
Environmental surveillance reveals co-circulation of distinctive lineages of enteroviruses in southwest China’s border cities, 2020–2022
Authors: Tang Jingjing , Zhang Xiaodie , Zhang Jie , Zhao Zhixian , Ding Zhengrong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
Enteroviruses are significant human pathogens associated with a range of mild to severe diseases. This study aims to understand the diversity and genetic characterization of enteroviruses circulated in southwest China’s border cities by using environmental surveillance.

Methods and results
A total of 96 sewage samples were collected in three border cities and a port located in Yunnan Province, China from July 2020 to June 2022. After cell culture and VP1 sequencing, a total of 590 enterovirus isolates were identified, belonging to 21 types. All PV strains were Sabin-like with ≤6 nucleotide mutations in the VP1 coding region. Echovirus 6, echovirus 21 (a rare serotype in previous studies), and coxsackievirus B5 were the predominant serotypes, which accounted for 21.19%, 18.31%, and 13.39% of the total isolates, respectively. The prevalence of the common serotypes varied across different border cities and periods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of multiple evolutionary lineages for E21, E6, and E30, some of which formed distinct branches.

Conclusions
High diversity of enteroviruses and distinct lineages of predominant serotypes circulated in southwest China’s border cities.
Perforated small bowel lymphoma: a rare presentation of Crohn’s disease
Authors: Herbawi Abdalrahman N , Hroub Osama , Salloum Omar H , Ibraheem Kareem , Alsalah Qusai A , Hammouri Ahmad G , Salhab Rafiq 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Adenocarcinoma and lymphoma, potential complications of Crohn's disease (CD), may result in small intestinal perforations, particularly in those on immunosuppressive therapy. The ileum is typically the site of small intestinal perforations in CD, and the link between CD and lymphoma remains uncertain. This case report explores a long-term CD patient on immunosuppressive therapy who presented with acute abdominal pain. Imaging revealed signs of intestinal perforation, successfully managed with surgery. The final pathology report confirms the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This report sheds light on the complicated nature of gastrointestinal lymphoma in CD patients.
Plant ammonium sensitivity is associated with external pH adaptation, repertoire of nitrogen transporters, and nitrogen requirement
Authors: Rivero-Marcos Mikel , Lasa Berta , Neves Tomé , Zamarreño Ángel M , García-Mina José M , García-Olaverri Carmen , Aparicio-Tejo Pedro M , Cruz Cristina , Ariz Idoia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Modern crops exhibit diverse sensitivities to ammonium as the primary nitrogen source, influenced by environmental factors such as external pH and nutrient availability. Despite its significance, there is currently no systematic classification of plant species based on their ammonium sensitivity. We conducted a meta-analysis of 50 plant species and present a new classification method based on the comparison of fresh biomass obtained under ammonium and nitrate nutrition. The classification uses the natural logarithm of the biomass ratio as the size effect indicator of ammonium sensitivity. This numerical parameter is associated with critical factors for nitrogen demand and form preference, such as Ellenberg indicators and the repertoire of nitrogen transporters for ammonium and nitrate uptake. Finally, a comparative analysis of the developmental and metabolic responses, including hormonal balance, is conducted in two species with divergent ammonium sensitivity values in the classification. Results indicate that nitrate has a key role in counteracting ammonium toxicity in species with a higher abundance of genes encoding NRT2-type proteins and fewer of those encoding the AMT2-type proteins. Additionally, the study demonstrates the reliability of the phytohormone balance and methylglyoxal content as indicators for anticipating ammonium toxicity.
High energy gamma-ray sources in the VVV survey - II. The AGN counterparts
Authors: Donoso Laura G , Pichel Ana , Baravalle Laura D , Alonso M Victoria , Schmidt Eduardo O , Minniti Dante , Masetti Nicola , Smith Leigh C , Lucas Philip W , Villalon Carolina , Rovero Adrián C , Coldwell Georgina 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We identified Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) candidates as counterparts to unidentified gamma-ray sources (UGS) from the Fermi-LAT Fourth Source Catalogue at lower Galactic latitudes. Our methodology is based on the use of near- and mid-infrared photometric data from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV) and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) surveys. The AGN candidates associated with the UGS occupy very different regions from the stars and extragalactic sources in the colour space defined by the VVV and WISE infrared colours. We found 27 near-infrared AGN candidates possibly associated with 14 Fermi-LAT sources using the VVV survey. We also found 2 blazar candidates in the regions of 2 Fermi-LAT sources using WISE data. There is no match between VVV and WISE candidates. We have also examined the Ks light curves of the VVV candidates and applied the fractional variability amplitude (σrms) and the slope of variation in the Ks passband to characterise the near-infrared variability. This analysis shows that more than 85 per cent of the candidates have slopes in the Ks passband &gt;10−4 mag/day and present σrms values consistent with a moderate variability. This is in good agreement with typical results seen from type-1 AGN. The combination of YJHKs colours and Ks variability criteria was useful for AGN selection, including its use in identifying counterparts to Fermi γ-ray sources.