bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter occlusion of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations using the amplatzer vascular plug II
Authors: Tabori Nora E. , Love Barry A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are a relatively uncommon but potentially life‐threatening condition manifested by cyanosis, paradoxical embolization, brain abscess, and rupture. A variety of transcatheter closure devices have been used to occlude PAVMs however risks of device embolization, incomplete closure, or large delivery systems have made each of these methods sub‐optimal. The Amplatzer Vascular Plug II (AVP II) is a new multisegmented, woven nitinol cylinder that can be deployed through a small delivery catheter. The AVP II differs from the original AVP in having a finer, more tightly woven nitinol frame and three, rather than one occlusive segment. The authors report the first use of the AVP II for occlusion of bilateral large arteriovenous malformations in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The COURAGE trial in perspective
Authors: Prasad Abhiram , Rihal Charanjit , Holmes David R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe indications for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) continue to evolve because of the steady improvement in technology, broadened patient and lesion selection criteria, and new evidence from clinical trials. Recently, the role of PCI in patients with chronic stable angina has received considerable scrutiny and has been the subject of great controversy. In these patients, the goals of therapy include the relief of symptom, treatment of ischemia, and reducing the need for subsequent interventions. Medical therapy is the cornerstone in the management of coronary artery disease and should be optimized in all patients. The COURAGE trial investigated the efficacy of combined PCI and optimal medical therapy (OMT) versus OMT alone in patients with stable disease. The trial confirmed several issues that have been already well delineated: (1) in low risk patients, the hard endpoints of death and MI are relatively infrequent and are not reduced by PCI – for prevention of these, OMT may be sufficient, (2) crossover from OMT to PCI is frequent, even in low risk patients, (3) PCI is very effective in reducing symptoms and myocardial ischemia, and (4) significant untreated ischemia is associated with greater likelihood of death and MI. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Drug eluting stents for below the knee lesions in patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Rosales Oscar R. , Mathewkutty Shiny , Gnaim Charlie 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the long‐term limb preservation and/or healing of ulcers in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) and severe infrapopliteal atherosclerotic disease treated with drug eluting stents (DES). Background: Percutaneous revascularization has become an effective treatment for CLI in patients with infrapopliteal atherosclerotic disease. Recent reports using DES in patients with CLI have documented excellent short‐term infrapopliteal vessel patency. Higher primary patency rates in infrapopliteal vessels treated with DES could translate into better long‐term clinical outcomes and improved limb salvage rates. Methods: Twenty‐four consecutive patients with CLI (defined as rest pain, nonhealing ulcers, or gangrene) because of severe infrapopliteal disease were treated with DES from August 2004 to June 2006. Results: Procedural success was achieved in 96% (27/28) of targeted lesions. There were no procedure‐related deaths, acute vessel thrombosis events, or need for urgent surgical intervention. There was one case of distal embolization. Clinical follow up, ranging 8–34 months, is available for 100% of patients of which 83% (20/24) achieved limb preservation and healing. Angiographic and/or sonographic follow up, ranging 6–34 months, is available in 79% (19/24) of patients of which 95% (18/19) had patent target vessels. Conclusions: DES is a safe and effective long‐term option for CLI due to severe infrapopliteal arterial disease. Long‐term vascular patency led to a high rate of limb preservation and low amputation rate. A multicenter trial should further elucidate the role of DES in the treatment of CLI. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐expanding and balloon expandable covered stents in the treatment of aortic coarctation with or without aneurysm formation
Authors: Kenny Damien , Margey Ronan , Turner Mark S. , Tometzki Andrew J. , Walsh Kevin P. , Martin Robin P. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjectives: We describe our complete experience with covered stent implantation for aortic coarctation including short‐ to medium‐term outcomes. Background: Coarctation of the aorta is a heterogeneous disease process with multiple associated complications both with and without treatment. Covered stents have evolved to provide greater support to the aortic wall and a varied approach with choice of stent tailored to the anatomy of the patient is required. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patient data from two congenital heart centers from March 2003 to October 2007. Results: We implanted 38 covered stents in 37 patients (20 female) of which three were self‐expanding stents. Median age was 29.6 years (9–65) with median weight of 71.5 kg (35–95). The indications for stent placement were native coarctation (n = 13); recurrent coarctation following surgical treatment (n = 11); aneurysm associated with previous coarctation surgery (n = 7); aorto‐bronchial fistula leading to acute hemoptysis (n = 2); stent fracture (n = 1); associated arterial duct (n = 2). One patient had a combination of acquired coarctation and false aneurysm. The median screening time was 10 min (3–22). The median systolic gradient of 26 mm Hg (10–60) was reduced to 4 mm Hg (0–20) postprocedure (P < 0.001). There were no deaths on median follow up of 11.5 months (1–56). One patient developed aortic rupture during the procedure and required emergency surgery. Conclusion: Covered stent implantation for treatment of aortic coarctation is safe and highly effective in selected patients. Self‐expanding stent grafts may be preferable to balloon expandable stents when there is aneurysm formation in the setting of aortopathy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Utilization of an aspiration thrombectomy catheter (Pronto) to treat acute atherothrombotic embolization during percutaneous revascularization of the lower extremity
Authors: Zafar Nayab , Prasad Anand , Mahmud Ehtisham 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAcute limb ischemia is typically a surgical emergency and can occur secondary to distal embolization during catheter‐based percutaneous revascularization. We present a case of acute atherothrombotic embolization to the left lower extremity after stenting of the left proximal popliteal and anterior tibial arteries. This was successfully treated with the use of the coronary aspiration thrombectomy device Pronto (Vascular Solutions, Minneapolis, MN) resulting in flow restoration. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carotid artery revascularization in high surgical risk patients with the NexStent and the Filterwire EX/EZ
Authors: Hopkins L. Nelson , Myla Subbarao , Grube Eberhard , Wehman J. Christopher , Levy Elad I. , Bersin Robert M. , Joye James D. , Allocco Dominic J. , Kelley Lynne , Baim Donald S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjective:The multicenter, single‐arm CABERNET trial evaluated outcomes in high‐surgical‐risk patients with carotid artery stenosis treated with the NexStent® plus FilterWire EX®/EZ™ Emboli Protection System.Background:For patients at high surgical risk, carotid artery stenting (CAS) offers a less invasive alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA).Methods:The trial enrolled 454 high‐surgical‐risk patients with carotid stenosis by angiography ≥50% for symptomatic patients and ≥60% for asymptomatic patients. The comparator primary endpoint was the 1‐year major adverse event (MAE, defined as any death, stroke, or myocardial infarction [MI]) rate. It was compared with a proportionally weighted objective performance criterion (OPC) of 12.1% representative of published CEA results in similar patients plus a prespecified noninferiority margin (delta) of 4%. A second primary endpoint was the composite rate of 30‐day MAE plus late (31–365 days) ipsilateral stroke.Results:Symptoms of carotid stenosis were present in 24.2% of patients; 36.6% of patients were considered high‐surgical‐risk due to comorbid risk factors and 63.4% due to anatomic risk factors. The rate of 30‐day MAE plus late ipsilateral stroke was 4.7% (20/438). The comparator primary endpoint of 1‐year MAE was 11.6% (51/438) and was noninferior to the OPC of 12.1% (95% upper confidence interval of 14.5% versus OPC plus delta of 16.1%, P = 0.005). Late ipsilateral stroke was 0.7% and target vessel revascularization at 1 year was 2.4%.Conclusions:The CABERNET trial demonstrates that CAS with NexStent and FilterWire is noninferior to (equivalent or better than) traditional CEA at 1 year in high‐surgical‐risk patients based on historical controls. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic compartmentalization of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Q at the proximal end of stereocilia: Implication of myosin VI‐based transport
Authors: Sakaguchi Hirofumi , Tokita Joshua , Naoz Moshe , Bowen‐Pope Daniel , Gov Nir S. , Kachar Bechara 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHair cell stereocilia are apical membrane protrusions filled with uniformly polarized actin filament bundles. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Q (PTPRQ), a membrane protein with extracellular fibronectin repeats has been shown to localize at the stereocilia base and the apical hair cell surface, and to be essential for stereocilia integrity. We analyzed the distribution of PTPRQ and a possible mechanism for its compartmentalization. Using immunofluorescence we demonstrate that PTPRQ is compartmentalized at the stereocilia base with a decaying gradient from base to apex. This distribution can be explained by a model of transport directed toward the stereocilia base, which counteracts diffusion of the molecules. By mathematical analysis, we show that this counter transport is consistent with the minus end‐directed movement of myosin VI along the stereocilia actin filaments. Myosin VI is localized at the stereocilia base, and exogenously expressed myosin VI and PTPRQ colocalize in the perinuclear endosomes in COS‐7 cells. In myosin VI‐deficient mice, PTPRQ is distributed along the entire stereocilia. PTPRQ‐deficient mice show a pattern of stereocilia disruption that is similar to that reported in myosin VI‐deficient mice, where the predominant features are loss of tapered base, and fusion of adjacent stereocilia. Thin section and freeze‐etching electron microscopy showed that localization of PTPRQ coincides with the presence of a dense cell surface coat. Our results suggest that PTPRQ and myosin VI form a complex that dynamically maintains the organization of the cell surface coat at the stereocilia base and helps maintain the structure of the overall stereocilia bundle. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2008. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The changing epidemiology of invasive candidiasis
Authors: Hachem Ray , Hanna Hend , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios , Jiang Ying , Raad Issam 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of the current retrospective study was to compare the epidemiology of candidemia and its risk factors in patients who had hematologic malignancies(HM) with those in patients who had solid tumors (ST).METHODS.The medical and electronic records of all patients with cancer who had candidemia at the authors' institution from 1993 to 2003 were reviewed for demographic data and clinical information, including the use of prophylactic fluconazole, the infecting Candida species, and the source of candidemia (catheter‐related vs other apparent sources).RESULTS.Six hundred thirty‐five patients with candidemia were analyzed. C. glabrata and C. krusei were the leading causes of candidemia in 31% and 24% of patients with HM, respectively, and in 18% and 2% of patients with ST, respectively (P < .001). A catheter was the source of candidemia in 36% of the patients with ST and in 12% of the patients with HM (P < .001). Response to antifungal therapy occurred in 73% of the ST group compared with 49% of the HM group (P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that fluconazole prophylaxis was a risk factor for both C. glabrata and C. krusei candidemia. The analysis also identified neutropenia as a risk factor for all candidemia and catheter‐related infection as a risk factor for C. parapsilosis candidemia.CONCLUSIONS.The results of this study indicated that C. glabrata and C. krusei were the leading causes of candidemia in patients with HM. Neutropenia was the leading risk factor for all candidemia, whereas the catheter was the leading risk factor for C. parapsilosis candidemia. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) combined with cetuximab in patients with progressive advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Asnacios Amani , Fartoux Laetitia , Romano Olivier , Tesmoingt Chloe , Louafi S Samy , Mansoubakht Touraj , Artru Pascal , Poynard Thierry , Rosmorduc Olivier , Hebbar Mohamed , Taieb Julien 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The authors conducted a phase 2 trial of the antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab in combination with the gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) regimen in patients with documented progressive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS.Forty‐five untreated patients with advanced‐stage progressive HCC were prospectively enrolled. Treatment consisted of cetuximab at a dose of 400 mg/m2 initially then 250 mg/m2 weekly, plus gemcitabine at a dose of 1000 mg/m2 on Day 1 and oxaliplatin at a dose of 100 mg/m2 on Day 2, every 2 weeks. Treatment was continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or patient refusal.RESULTS.Overall, 306 cycles were administered. Grade 3 to 4 hematologic toxicity consisted of thrombocytopenia (24%), neutropenia (20%), and anemia (4%). Grade 3 oxaliplatin‐induced neurotoxicity occurred in 5 patients (11%) and grade 3 cutaneous toxicity in 7 patients (16%). There were no treatment‐related deaths. The confirmed response rate was 20% and disease stabilization was obtained in 40% of patients. The median progression‐free and overall survival times were 4.7 months and 9.5 months, respectively. The 1‐year survival rate was 40%.CONCLUSIONS.In poor‐prognosis patients with progressive advanced‐stage HCC, the GEMOX‐cetuximab combination appears to be active and to have manageable toxicity. A comparative randomized trial is now being planned. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Microporous Niobia–Silica Membrane with Very Low CO2 Permeability
Authors: Boffa Vittorio , ten Elshof Johan E. , Petukhov Andrei V. , Blank Dave H. A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA sol–gel‐derived microporous ceramic membrane with an exceptionally low permeability for CO2 from gaseous streams was developed and characterized. The sols were prepared from a mixture of niobium and silicon alkoxide precursors by acid‐catalyzed synthesis. Microporous films were formed by coating asymmetric γ‐alumina disks with the polymeric sol (Si/Nb=3:1), followed by calcination at 500 °C. The membrane consists of a 150‐nm‐thick layer with a Si/Nb atomic ratio of about 1.5. The single‐gas permeance of small gas molecules such as H2, CH4, N2, and SF6 decreases steadily with kinetic diameter. Hydrogen, helium, and carbon dioxide follow an activated transport mechanism through the membrane. The permeance of CO2 in this membrane is much lower than that in pure silica, and its behavior deviates strongly from the general trend observed with the other gases. This is attributed to a relatively strong interaction between CO2 and adsorption sites in the niobia–silica membrane.
Interferon‐γ limits Th1 lymphocyte adhesion to inflamed endothelium: A nitric oxide regulatory feedback mechanism
Authors: Norman M. Ursula , Zbytnuik Lori , Kubes Paul 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCD4+ T helper (Th1 and Th2) cell localization to a site of inflammation is important for the development, maintenance and regulation of an immune response. The factors that regulate Th1 and Th2 cell recruitment into tissue are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of different cytokine microenvironments on the recruitment of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes into tissue. Fluorescently labelled Th1 or Th2 lymphocyte‐endothelial interactions were observed via intravital microscopy of the cytokine‐treated cremaster muscle. Our results show that TNF‐α alone is sufficient to maximally recruit Th1 cells. Surprisingly, treatment with TNF‐α + IFN‐γ significantly decreased Th1 adhesion and emigration in comparison to TNF‐α treatment alone. The decreased adhesion of Th1 cells in response to TNF‐α + IFN‐γ reflected a decreased ability to bind to ICAM‐1 and was iNOS‐dependent. This phenomenon was not observed with Th2 cells. These results suggest that IFN‐γ may play a key immunomodulatory role in the recruitment of different T lymphocyte subsets. Indeed, blockade of IFN‐γ or iNOS function during the Th1‐mediated contact hypersensitivity response resulted in an acceleration and exacerbation of the late‐phase inflammatory response.
Intercellular MHC transfer between thymic epithelial and dendritic cells
Authors: Millet Virginie , Naquet Philippe , Guinamard Rodolphe R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThymic dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells play a major role in central tolerance but their respective roles are still controversial. Epithelial cells have the unique ability to ectopically express peripheral tissue‐restricted antigens conferring self‐tolerance to tissues. Paradoxically, while negative selection seems to occur for some of these antigens, epithelial cells, contrary to DC, are poor negative selectors. Using a thymic epithelial cell line, we show the functional intercellular transfer of membrane material, including MHC molecules, occurring between epithelial cells. Using somatic and bone marrow chimeras, we show that this transfer occurs efficiently in vivo between epithelial cells and, in a polarized fashion, from epithelial to DC. This novel mode of transfer of MHC‐associated, epithelial cell‐derived self‐antigens onto DC might participate to the process of negative selection in the thymic medulla.
C‐reactive protein specifically binds to Fcγ receptor type I on a macrophage‐like cell line
Authors: Tron Kyrylo , Manolov Dimitar E. , Röcker Carlheinz , Kächele Martin , Torzewski Jan , Nienhaus G. Ulrich 
Published: April 2008

AbstractC‐reactive protein (CRP) is a prototype acute‐phase protein that may be intimately involved in human disease. Its cellular receptors are still under debate; the main candidates are FcR for immunoglobulin G, as CRP was shown to bind specifically to FcγRI and FcγRIIa. Using ultrasensitive confocal live‐cell imaging, we have studied CRP binding to FcγR naturally expressed in the plasma membranes of cells from a human leukemia cell line (Mono Mac 6). These macrophage‐like cells express high levels of FcγRI and FcγRII. They were shown to bind fluorescently labeled CRP with micromolar affinity, KD = (6.6 ± 1.5) µM. CRP binding could be inhibited by pre‐incubation with human but not mouse IgG and was thus FcγR‐specific. Blocking of FcγRI by an FcγRI‐specific antibody abolished CRP binding essentially completely, whereas application of antibodies against FcγRII did not have a noticeable effect. In fluorescence images of Mono Mac 6 cells, the intensity patterns of bound CRP were correlated with those of FcγRI, but not FcγRII. These results provide clear evidence of specific interactions between CRP and FcγR (predominantly FcγRI) naturally expressed on macrophage‐like cells.
A Neutral DNA Sequence‐Selective Vector for Interaction Studies: Fluorescence Binding Experiments Directed Towards a Carbohydrate‐DNA Carrier
Authors: Peñalver Pablo , Abdelouahid Samadi , Bosch Paula , Hunter Christopher A. , Vicent Cristina 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe distamycin‐type γ‐linked covalent dimer ‐Py‐γ‐Py‐Ind has been shown to be a neutral selective vector capable of transporting recognition elements to the minor groove of DNA for further structural studies. Comparison of fluorescence binding constants of the complexes formed by the vectors (R‐Py‐γ‐Py‐Ind 1 and 3) with ct‐DNA and poly(dA‐dT) showed that ‐Py‐γ‐Py‐Ind is a neutral (–ATAT–)‐selective vector. We also provide experimental data that show that the vector can be used as a sugar‐carrier to the DNA. Thus, modifying the vector at the C terminus with sugars of different configurations (4–7 D vs. 8 L), and with both α‐ and β‐linkages (5 and 4, respectively) to the oligoamide fragment provides efficient DNA binders (Ka = 1.1 × 104 to 3.2 × 105 M–1). Moreover, the sugar residue is able to modulate the binding to the different DNA polymers studied and, even more relevantly, the sugar contributes to the selectivity of binding: β‐D‐Gal‐Py‐γ‐Py‐Ind (6) is the most selective –ATAT–sugar–oligoamide ligand {ΔΔG° 6 [poly(dA‐dT) – ct‐DNA] = –4.0 kcal mol–1}. We have used fluorescence quantum yield values to ensure the presence of similar free state conformation for ligands 1–8 and we can thus correlate the differences in the measured binding energies with the changes in the shape of the structural elements. Finally, we have demonstrated that the sequence‐selective sugar carrier makes a 1:1 complex with the Drew–Dickerson oligonucleotide dodecamer, thus opening the road to more detailed structural and thermodynamic studies of sugar‐oligoamide DNA short oligonucleotide complexes in solution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
The First Proline‐Catalyzed Friedlander Annulation: Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Quinoline Derivatives
Authors: Jiang Biao , Dong Jia‐jia , Jin Yun , Du Xiao‐long , Xu Min 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe first proline‐catalyzed Friedlander annulation for the synthesis of 2‐substituted 4‐trifluoromethyl quinoline derivatives is described. Excellent regioselectivity as well as good yields were shown in a variety of cases, and a tandem aldol‐cyclization pathway might be involved. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Enamine Catalysis in the Synthesis of Chiral Structural Analogues of gem‐Bisphosphonates Known To Be Biologically Active
Authors: Barros Maria Teresa , Faísca Phillips Ana Maria 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe synthesis of chiral γ‐keto bisphosphonates is described. Michael addition of cyclic ketones to vinyl gem‐bisphosphonate catalyzed by 0.1 mol equiv. (S)‐(+)‐1‐(2‐pyrrolidinyl)pyrrolidine and benzoic acid gave the products in yields of up to 86 %, dr (cis/trans) > 1:99 and ee of up to 99 %. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)