bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prion protein codon 129 genotype prevalence is altered in primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Rowland Lewis P. , Mitsumoto Hiroshi , Przedborski Serge , Bird Thomas D. , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Peskind Elaine , Johnson Nancy , Siddique Teepu , Mesulam M‐Marsel , Weintraub Sandra , Mastrianni James A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe prion protein (PrP) is central to the prion diseases, although a role in other neurodegenerative diseases has been postulated. A common polymorphism (Met or Val) at codon 129 of the PrP gene (PRNP) features prominently in the risk and phenotype, of prion disease, and an abnormality in its distribution frequency may signal a role for PrP in other diseases. We conducted a case–control study to compare the PRNP codon 129 genotype distribution in Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and primary progressive aphasia (PPA), including 281 AD, 256 ALS, 39 PPA, and 415 healthy control subjects. Statistical analysis was applied to determine the presence or absence of disease‐specific genotype associations. The distribution of codon 129 genotypes was similar among healthy control, AD, and ALS subjects, although the heterozygous state was significantly overrepresented (age‐adjusted odds ratio, 8.47) in PPA, a rare condition of unknown cause. Although these findings do not entirely exclude a role for PrP in AD or ALS, they do not support the codon 129 genotype as a risk factor for either disease. However, the strong association between heterozygosity and PPA raises new questions about its cause and the role of PrP in other neurodegenerative diseases. Ann Neurol 2005;58:858–864
Model‐guided microarray implicates the retromer complex in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Small Scott A. , Kent Kelly , Pierce Aimee , Leung Conrad , Kang Min Suk , Okada Hirokazu , Honig Lawrence , Vonsattel Jean‐Paul , Kim Tae‐Wan 
Published: November 2005

AbstractAlthough, in principle, gene expression profiling is well suited to isolate pathogenic molecules associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), techniques such as microarray present unique analytic challenges when applied to disorders of the brain. Here, we addressed these challenges by first constructing a spatiotemporal model, predicting a priori how a molecule underlying AD should behave anatomically and over time. Then, guided by the model, we generated gene expression profiles of the entorhinal cortex and the dentate gyrus, harvested from the brains of AD cases and controls covering a broad age span. Among many expression differences, the retromer trafficking molecule VPS35 best conformed to the spatiotemporal model of AD. Western blotting confirmed the abnormality, establishing that VPS35 levels are reduced in brain regions selectively vulnerable to AD. VPS35 is the core molecule of the retromer trafficking complex and further analysis revealed that VPS26, another member of the complex, is also downregulated in AD. Cell culture studies, using small interfering RNAs or expression vectors, showed that VPS35 regulates Aβ peptide levels, establishing the relevance of the retromer complex to AD. Reviewing our findings in the context of recent studies suggests how downregulation of the retromer complex in AD can regulate local levels of Aβ peptide. Ann Neurol 2005;58:909–919
Recovery and brain reorganization after stroke in adult and aged rats
Authors: Markus Tiffanie M. , Tsai Shih‐Yen , Bollnow Melanie R. , Farrer Robert G. , O'Brien Timothy E. , Kindler‐Baumann Diana R. , Rausch Martin , Rudin Markus , Wiessner Christoph , Mir Anis K. , Schwab Martin E. , Kartje Gwendolyn L. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractStroke is a prevalent and devastating disorder, and no treatment is currently available to restore lost neuronal function after stroke. One unique therapy that improves recovery after stroke is neutralization of the neurite inhibitory protein Nogo‐A. Here, we show, in a clinically relevant model, improved functional recovery and brain reorganization in the aged and adult rat when delayed anti–Nogo‐A therapy is given after ischemic injury. These results support the efficacy of Nogo‐A neutralization as treatment for ischemic stroke, even in the aged animal and after a 1‐week delay, and implicate neuronal plasticity from unlesioned areas of the central nervous system as a mechanism for recovery. Ann Neurol 2005;58:950–953
A patient with neurological symptoms and abnormal leukotriene metabolism: A new defect in leukotriene biosynthesis
Authors: Mayatepek Ertan , Badiou Stéphanie , Bellet Hélène , Lehmann Wolf D. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA 15‐year‐old male patient presented with mental retardation, mild motor impairment, and partial deafness. Biochemical investigations showed an abnormal urinary profile of leukotrienes. Concentration of leukotriene D4 (LTD4), which is usually not detectable, was highly increased, whereas LTE4, the major urinary metabolite in humans, was completely absent. These data suggest membrane‐bound dipeptidase deficiency, a new defect in leukotriene biosynthesis on the step of LTE4 synthesis, as underlying defect. Ann Neurol 2005;58:968–970
GSK3B polymorphisms alter transcription and splicing in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Kwok John B. J. , Hallupp Marianne , Loy Clement T. , Chan Daniel K. Y. , Woo Jean , Mellick George D. , Buchanan Daniel D. , Silburn Peter A. , Halliday Glenda M. , Schofield Peter R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a combination of motor symptoms. We identified two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the glycogen synthase kinase‐3β gene (GSK3B). A promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (rs334558) is associated with transcriptional strength in vitro in which the T allele has greater activity. An intronic single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6438552) regulates selection of splice acceptor sites in vitro. The T allele is associated with altered splicing in lymphocytes and increased levels of GSK3B transcripts that lack exons 9 and 11 (GSKΔexon9+11). Increased levels of GSKΔexon9+11 correlated with enhanced phosphorylation of its substrate, Tau. In a comparison of PD and control brains, there was increased in frequency of T allele (rs6438552) and corresponding increase in GSKΔexon9+11 and Tau phosphorylation in PD brains. Conditional logistic regression indicated gene–gene interaction between T/T genotype of rs334558 and H1/H1 haplotype of microtubule‐associated protein Tau (MAPT) gene (p = 0.009). There was association between a haplotype (T alleles of both GSK3B polymorphisms) and disease risk after stratification by Tau haplotypes ((H1/H2+H2/H2 individuals: odds ratio, 1.64; p = 0.007; (H1/H1 individuals: odds ratio, 0.68; p < 0.001). Ours results suggest GSK3B polymorphisms alter transcription and splicing and interact with Tau haplotypes to modify disease risk in PD. Ann Neurol 2005;58:829–839
Überarbeiteter Abschnitt F: Naturstoffe und verwandte Verbindungen
Authors: Schick Hans , Hellwich Karl‐Heinz , Roy, Langenfeld Kathrin‐Maria 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBei der Benennung von Naturstoffen gab es, hauptsächlich aus historischen Gründen, viele Unklarheiten. Zu Beginn der Naturstoffchemie lag zwischen der Isolierung einer neuen Substanz und ihrer Charakterisierung ein längerer Zeitraum. Daher erhielten Naturstoffe häufig Trivialnamen, die keinen Hinweis auf die Struktur des Moleküls geben und sich im Nachhinein oft als irreführend erwiesen. Auch wenn die ursprünglichen Namen später verbessert wurden, so drückten die neuen Namen die Struktur doch häufig unvollkommen aus und eigneten sich daher nicht für die Nomenklaturoperationen, die zur Benennung von Derivaten oder Stereoisomeren erforderlich sind. Dies führte zu einer enormen Zunahme von Trivialnamen, die nur das Gedächtnis von Chemikern strapazierten und wichtige Strukturverhältnisse verschleierten. Das so entstandene Durcheinander in der Literatur führte zur Gründung von Fachkommissionen, deren Aufgabe es war, die Benennung von Verbindungen auf verschiedenen miteinander zusammenhängenden Gebieten der Naturstoffchemie wie Steroiden, Lipiden oder Kohlenhydraten zu systematisieren. Die Bemühungen, irreführende oder doppelte Nomenklatur zu beseitigen, waren erfolgreich, soweit den Empfehlungen gefolgt wurde. Ziel der IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry ist es, nach Möglichkeit alle Einzelberichte in einem einzigen Satz von Empfehlungen zu vereinen, der in den meisten Gebieten der Naturstoffchemie angewendet werden kann. Dementsprechend wurden vorläufige Empfehlungen ausgearbeitet und erstmals 1976 als Abschnitt F der IUPAC‐Regeln für die Nomenklatur der Organischen Chemie1 und danach in den 1979 herausgegebenen Regeln2 veröffentlicht.
Interaction of methyltin(IV) compounds with carboxylate ligands. Part 1: formation and stability of methyltin(IV)–carboxylate complexes and their relevance in speciation studies of natural waters
Authors: De Robertis Alessandro , Gianguzza Antonio , Giuffrè Ottavia , Pettignano Alberto , Sammartano Silvio 
Published: November 2005

AbstractQuantitative data on the stability of mono‐, di‐ and trimethyltin(IV)‐carboxylate complexes (acetate, malonate, succinate, malate, oxydiacetate, diethylenetrioxydiacetate, tricarballylate, citrate, butanetetracarboxylate and mellitate) are reported at t = 25 °C and I→ 0 mol l−1. Several mononuclear, mixed proton, mixed hydroxo and polynuclear species are formed in these systems. As expected, the stability trend is mono‐ > di‐ > trimethyltin(IV) and mono < di < tri < tetra < hexa for the organotin moieties and carboxylate ligands investigated, respectively. Moreover, ligands containing, in addition to carboxylic,OandOH groups show a significantly higher stability with respect to analogous ligands with the same number of carboxylic binding sites. The results obtained from all the systems investigated allowed us to formulate the following empirical predictive equation for correlation between complex stability and some simple structural parameters,

where ncarb and nOH are the number of carboxylic and alcoholic groups in the ligand, respectively, r is the stoichiometric coefficient of H+ (positive) or OH− (negative) and zcat is the methyltin cation charge (CH3)xSnz+ (z+ = 4 − x). Distribution diagrams for some representative systems are also reported and are discussed in the light of speciation studies in natural waters. A literature data comparison is made with carboxylate complexes of other metal ions with the same charge as the organotin cations investigated here. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and in vitro studies of antimicrobial activity of bis(diorganodithiocarbamato)organodithiocarbonatobismuth (III) complexes
Authors: Chauhan H. P. S. , Shaik N. M. , Singh U. P. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA brief account of the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and the antimicrobial (bacterial and fungal) behaviour of bis(diorganodithiocarbamato)organodithiocarbonatobismuth(III) complexes is presented. The reaction of bis(diorganodithiocarbamato)bismuth(III) chloride with potassium organodithiocarbonate in equimolar ratio yielded the corresponding mixed derivatives of the type [R′2NCS2]2BiS2COR [where, R′ = CH3 and C2H5; R = Et, Prn, Pri, Bun and Bui]. These have been characterized by molecular weight determinations, melting points (only solid complexes) and elemental (C, H, N, S and Bi) analysis as well as spectral IR and NMR [1H and 13C] studies. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the free ligands and their bismuth complexes were found in vitro by the disc diffusion method. The complexes showed good antibacterial and antifungal effect on some selected bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activities of two standard antibiotics (Chloroamphenicol and Terbinafin) were also measured and compared with these complexes. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Silyl modification of biologically active compounds. 11. Synthesis, physico‐chemical and biological evaluation of N‐(trialkoxysilylalkyl)tetrahydro(iso,silaiso) quinoline derivatives
Authors: Zablotskaya Alla , Segal Izolda , Belyakov Sergey , Lukevics Edmunds 
Published: November 2005

AbstractN‐(trialkoxysilylalkyl) derivatives of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoline, 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline and 4,4‐dimethyl‐4‐sila‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. In vivo psychotropic properties and in vitro cytotoxic effects of 3‐[N‐(1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolyl)]propyltriethoxysilane methiodide and 3‐[N‐(1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolyl)]propylsilatrane are reported. Comparative study of 29Si shifts in newly synthesized compounds suggested donor–acceptor interaction between nitrogen and silicon atom, which increased electron density at Si nuclei, revealing a stronger increment of N → Si transannular bond in comparison with N → Si α‐effect. The molecular structure of 3‐[N‐(1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolyl)]propylsilatrane features a penta‐coordinate silicon atom having CSiO3 pattern and Si…N intramolecular interaction. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Titanium and zirconium complexes with aminoiminophosphorane ligands
Authors: Qi Changhe , Zhang Suobo 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA series of titanium and zirconium complexes based on aminoiminophosphorane ligands [Ph2P(Nt‐Bu)(NR)]2MCl2 (4, M = Ti, R = Ph; 5, M = Zr, R = Ph; 6, M = Ti, R = SiMe3; 7, M = Zr, R = SiMe3) have been synthesized by the reaction of the ligands with TiCl4 and ZrCl4. The structure of complex 4 has been determined by X‐ray crystallography. The observed very weak interaction between Ti and P suggests partial π‐electron delocalization through both Ti and P. The complexes 4–7 are inactive for ethylene polymerization in the presence of modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) or i‐Bu3Al–Ph3CB(C6F5)4 under atmospheric pressure, and is probably the result of low monomer ethylene concentration and steric congestion around the central metal. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Short and Efficient Approach Towards Macrocyclic Lactones Based on a Sonogashira Reaction
Authors: Krauss Jürgen , Unterreitmeier Doris , Neudert Christine , Bracher Franz 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPolyketide‐derived macrolactones like zearalenone (1), zearalane (2) or curvularin (3) display a wide range of interesting pharmacological activities. Here, we present a short and efficient approach towards this class of natural products by a combination of the Sonogashira and Mitsunobu reactions. The resulting lactone 9 was tested against human cancer cell lines at the NCI.
Intercalation of daunomycin into d(CG)4 oligomer duplex containing G·T mismatches by vibrational circular dichroism and infrared absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Pandyra A. , Tsankov D. , Andrushchenko V. , van de Sande J. H. , Wieser H. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and infrared absorption (IR) spectra of the mismatched octamer oligonucleotides d(CGTGCGCG)2 (CGT) and d(CGCGTGCG)2 (CGC) and their complexes with the antitumor drug daunomycin were measured in D2O, interpreted, and compared to the octamer d(CGCGCGCG)2 (CG). The IR spectra of the mismatched octamers in the carbonyl‐stretching region are similar to those of the parent CG, whereas the VCD spectra differ in several respects between each other. The main VCD feature due to carbonyl stretching is informative for the mismatches and CG. Vibrational modes in the sugar–phosphate region remain essentially unchanged especially for PO2− symmetric stretching. Differences between the free and complexed mismatch octamers occurred mainly in the carbonyl‐stretching region (1700–1600 cm−1). The absorption intensity of the CO peak of G is more prominent for CGC than CGT and resembles CG in this respect. The detailed composition of this doublet is clearly visible, indicating the geometric rearrangement of the base pairs in the presence of the mismatch and upon forming the daunomycin complex. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 82: 189–198, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Determination of intrinsic hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in peptides in the absence of nearest‐neighbor or conformational effects
Authors: Kovacs James M. , Mant Colin T. , Hodges Robert S. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractUnderstanding the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in peptides/proteins is one the most important aspects of biology. Though many hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity scales have been generated, an “intrinsic” scale has yet to be achieved. “Intrinsic” implies the maximum possible hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of side chains in the absence of nearest‐neighbor or conformational effects that would decrease the full expression of the side‐chain hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity when the side chain is in a polypeptide chain. Such a scale is the fundamental starting point for determining the parameters that affect side‐chain hydrophobicity and for quantifying such effects in peptides and proteins. A 10‐residue peptide sequence, Ac–X–G–A–K–G–A–G–V–G–L‐amide, was designed to enable the determination of the intrinsic values, where position X was substituted by all 20 naturally occurring amino acids and norvaline, norleucine, and ornithine. The coefficients were determined by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography using six different mobile phase conditions involving different pH values (2, 5, and 7), ion‐pairing reagents, and the presence and absence of different salts. The results show that the intrinsic hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in peptides (proteins) is independent of pH, buffer conditions, or whether C8 or C18 reversed‐phase columns were used for 17 side chains (Gly, Ala, Cys, Pro, Val, nVal, Leu, nLeu, Ile, Met, Tyr, Phe, Trp, Ser, Thr, Asn, and Gln) and dependent on pH and buffer conditions, including the type of salt or ion‐pairing reagent for potentially charged side chains (Orn, Lys, His, Arg, Asp, and Glu). © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 84: 283–297, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Endoscopic sphincterotomy and temporary internal stenting for bile leaks following complex hepatic trauma
Authors: Lubezky N , Konikoff F M , Rosin D , Carmon E , Kluger Y , Ben-Haim M 
Published: November 2005

Abstract

Background
Biliary leak secondary to blunt or penetrating hepatic trauma and damage to the intrahepatic biliary tree remains a challenging problem. The role and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and stenting in this setting were studied.

Methods
All trauma victims who developed a bile leak secondary to hepatic trauma were included. Bile leak was defined as the appearance of bile in a surgical wound or intra-abdominal drain after surgery, following percutaneous drainage of a perihepatic bile collection, or evidence of a leak on hepatobiliary scintigraphy. ERCP was performed within 24 h of diagnosis and included biliary sphincterotomy and internal stenting. Recovery was defined as cessation of leakage.

Results
Between 1996 and 2004, six patients with penetrating injuries and five with blunt abdominal injuries were treated according to the study protocol. Eight underwent surgery to control bleeding or for additional intra-abdominal injuries. All bile leaks resolved completely within 10 days of ERCP. One patient died from pulmonary sepsis; ten recovered without hepatobiliary sequelae.

Conclusion
ERCP, biliary sphincterotomy and temporary internal stenting, together with percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal or intrahepatic bile collections, represent a safe and effective strategy for the management of bile leaks following both blunt and penetrating hepatic trauma.
Properties of Excited Ketyl Radicals of Benzophenone Analogues Affected by the Size and Electronic Character of the Aromatic Ring Systems
Authors: Sakamoto Masanori , Cai Xichen , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Majima Tetsuro 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe properties of benzophenone ketyl radical analogues with large aromatic ring systems, such as naphthylphenylketone (2), 4‐benzoylbiphenyl (3), and bis(biphenyl‐4‐yl)methanone (4), were investigated in the excited state by using nanosecond–picosecond two‐color two‐laser flash photolysis. Fluorescence and transient absorption spectra of ketyl radicals of 2–4 in the excited state were observed for the first time. The fluorescence and properties of the excited ketyl radicals were significantly affected by the size and electronic properties of the aromatic ring systems. The reactivity of the ketyl radicals in the excited state with several quenchers was examined and they were found to show reactivity toward N,N‐diethylaniline. In addition, for the benzophenone ketyl radical, a unique quenching process of the radical in the excited state by the ground‐state parent molecule was found. The factors regulating the fluorescence lifetime of the ketyl radicals in the excited state are discussed quantitatively.
Extraction of Lanthanides from Aqueous Solution by Using Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Conjunction
Authors: Mekki Soufiane , Wai Chien M. , Billard Isabelle , Moutiers Gilles , Burt James , Yoon Byunghoon , Wang Joanna S. , Gaillard Clotilde , Ouadi Ali , Hesemann Peter 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor the first time, the study of a three‐step extraction system of water/ionic liquid/supercritical CO2 has been performed. Extraction of trivalent lanthanum and europium from an aqueous nitric acid solution to a supercritical CO2 phase via an imidazolium‐based ionic liquid phase is demonstrated, and extraction efficiencies higher than 87 % were achieved. The quantitative extraction is obtained by using different fluorinated β‐diketones with and without the addition of tri(n‐butyl)phosphate. The complexation phenomenon occurring in the room‐temperature ionic‐liquid (RTIL) phase was evidenced by using luminescence spectroscopy.