bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of methods for nasal tip reconstruction
Authors: Klingensmith Mark R. , Millman Brad , Foster Wayne P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Numerous traditional and contemporary methods for nasal reconstruction are used today. Our investigation qualitatively analyzed different methods of nasal tip reconstruction which led to the development of an algorithm for repair based on the size, depth, and location of tissue loss.Methods. A case series of 165 nasal tip reconstructions performed during a 2‐year period followed for at least 6 months was critically analyzed with photographic documentation.Results. Different methods of reconstruction exhibited varying aesthetic results. Analysis of surgical reconstructions led to the development of an algorithm based on the area of tissue defect.Conclusions. An algorithm was developed for nasal tip reconstructions based on the size and location of tissue defect. Both the recipient and donor sites were analyzed for aesthetic result and complications. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fusobacterium pneumonia and death following uvulo‐palato‐pharyngoplasty
Authors: Paaske Peter B. , Rasmussen Birthe M. , Illum Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case with a fatal outcome caused by infection with Fusobacterium species was seen in a patient recently operated on for heavy snoring with uvulo‐palato‐pharyngoplasty (UPPP). The mechanism of infection is discussed. It is concluded that a febrile episode seen in patients less than 2 weeks postoperatively should be considered a serious symptom and be treated intensively after thorough examination. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Plasma cell granuloma of the temporal bone: A case report
Authors: Nam Boo Hyun , Rha Ki Sang , Yoo Jang Yuorl , Park Chan Ii 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Plasma cell granuloma is a rare benign lesion which is found most frequently in the lungs, and a few cases have been described in the head and neck. In the middle ear and mastoid, a case of plasma cell granuloma was reported by Benton et al.Methods and Results. A 24‐year‐old woman was seen with a 7‐month history of otalgia and decreased hearing. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a soft tissue mass occupying most of the mastoid bone. The mass and the contiguous dura were enhanced homogeneously on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Microscopic examination showed plasma cell aggregates mixed with other inflammatory cells and Russell's bodies in a fibrous stroma. Immunoperoxidase studies revealed intracytoplasmic kappa and lambda light chains, and the lesion was confirmed as nonneoplastic and of polyclonal origin (ie, plasma cell granuloma). The patient was treated with conservative surgical excision (a canal‐down mastoidectomy) and postoperative radiotherapy (5,040 cGy in 28 fractions) and remains free of disease 1 year after treatment.Conclusions. A case of plasma cell granuloma is reported, and we believe this is the second case report of plasma cell granuloma affecting the temporal bone. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid
Authors: Segal Karl , Arad Avigail , Lubin Ernesto , Shpitzer Thomas , Hadar Tuvia , Feinmesser Raphael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Follicular carcinomas of the thyroid are less common than papillary carcinomas of the thyroid, and the available data on prognostic factors are relatively scant. A retrospective study covering four decades was undertaken to evaluate clinical and pathologic findings with regard to their effect on prognosis.Methods. In 195 cases of follicular carcinoma treated from 1954 to 1991 age, sex, histologic type (minimally invasive vs. widely invasive), tumor size, and local, regional, and distant spread as well as the contribution of treatment to survival were evaluated in relation to prognosis.Results. Age was a significant prognostic factor: there was 100% survival of patients younger than 20 years of age at diagnosis and only one death in the 20‐39 year age group. Sex was not a significant prognostic factor, although there was a tendency to a better prognosis in females. Tumor size was significant, more than 6 cm having a poor prognosis. Blood vessel invasion influenced prognosis for the first 10 years. The presence of distant metastases was significant regarding survival. Lymph node involvement had a negative effect on the outcome.Conclusions. The factors of age, tumor size, invasion of blood vessels, and distant metastases are significant predictors of survival for patients with follicular carcinoma, whereas sex is not; regional spread needs to be evaluated further. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tongue flaps for reconstruction of the oral cavity
Authors: Díaz Francisco J. , Dean Alicia , Alamillos Francisco J. , Naval Luis , Fernández Jacinto , Monje Florencio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPedicled tongue flaps (anterior, posterior, double) have proved to be an effective method of repairing defects due to tissue loss in the oral cavity. Their central position, mobility, and excellent blood supply make the use of these flaps feasible in a variety of sites.
Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting as a parotid mass
Authors: Wanamaker John R. , Kraus Dennis H. , Biscotti Charles V. , Eliachar Isaac 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has a variety of presentations. However, in more than 50% of cases it may present with serous otitis or cervical metastases. Although the metastases usually occur in the neck, the lymphatic network of the parotid may also serve as a site for the metastatic deposits. We present a case in which the initial manifestation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma of the lymphoepithelioma type was a parotid mass.Methods. Case study.Results. A patient who was initially seen with an isolated parotid mass was found to have an undifferentiated carcinoma of the lymphoepithelial type. Further evaluation identified an occult nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and the patient underwent radiotherapy.Conclusions. A diagnosis of a malignant lymphoepithelial lesion of the parotid gland or undifferentiated carcinoma of the lymphoepithelial type mandates a search for an occult primary nasopharyngeal tumor.
Superior laryngeal nerve injury from thyroid surgery
Authors: Teitelbaum Benjamin J. , Wenig Barry L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a well‐recognized complication of thyroid surgery. Injury to the superior laryngeal nerve is less documented, perhaps due to the difficulty in recognizing its manifestations. This study was designed to document the incidence of injury to the superior laryngeal nerve in a series of patients who underwent thyroidectomy.Methods. Twenty consecutive patients with thyroidectomy during a 9‐month period underwent evaluation for superior laryngeal nerve injury 3 months postoperatively. Methods for evaluation included laryngeal videostroboscopy, laryngeal electromyography, and a subjective interview.Results. One patient (5%) was diagnosed with unilateral superior laryngeal nerve injury.Conclusions. The risk of injury to the superior laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy is significant, and the result may be devastating to those patients who rely on their voices professionally. Laryngeal videostroboscopy and electromyography may be necessary to diagnose superior laryngeal nerve injury. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Parapharyngeal space neoplasms
Authors: Hughes Kenneth V. , Olsen Kerry D. , McCaffrey Thomas V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Primary parapharyngeal space neoplasms are rare. Tumor distribution characteristics and long‐term outcome have been quite variable in the recent literature. We report the results of a retrospective review of 172 patients with primary parapharyngeal space neoplasms treated surgically from 1960 to 1990 at a large multispecialty clinic and teaching hospital.Methods. Initially, 195 patients seen at our institution were found to have parapharyngeal space neoplasms. Twenty‐three patients previously treated elsewhere were excluded. The remaining 172 patients (96 female and 76 male) were from 11.7 months to 91.5 years of age. All patients were treated surgically; the transparotid‐cervical approach was most widely used.Results. One hundred thirty‐seven tumors (80%) were benign and 35 (20%) were malignant. High‐resolution computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was essential in the diagnosis and presurgical planning. Fineneedle aspiration specimens were accurate in the diagnosis of 8 of 9 cases. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common neoplasm (40%), followed by paraganglioma (20%), neurogenic tumor (14%), malignant salivary gland tumor (13%), miscellaneous malignant tumors (7%), and miscellaneous benign tumors (6%). Mandibulotomy was required for only 6% of all tumors; its use was reserved for malignant lesions and large skull base tumors when risk of tumor rupture was high. Recurrent or persistent disease was recorded in 27 patients with malignant tumors; of these, 24 (89%) are likely to die of disease.Conclusions. The transparotid‐cervical approach is the preferred procedure for most parapharyngeal tumors and can be combined with midline mandibulotomy for large vascular or selected malignant tumors. Recurrence after removal of pleomorphic adenomas is only 4%. Recurrent or persistent malignant disease is nearly always fatal. Perioperative mortality is zero, and morbidity is most often associated with cranial nerve neuropathy. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Incidence of cervical metastasis from uveal melanoma: Implications for treatment
Authors: Tojo David , Wenig Barry L. , Resnick Kenneth I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Although the literature has focused on the propensity of uveal melanoma to metastasize to the liver, little attention has been directed to its spread in regional, cervical lymph nodes.Methods. We reviewed records of 77 patients who underwent primary resection of uveal melanoma during a 15‐year period at our institution.Results. A total of only 6.5% of patients developed cervical metastasis. Factors such as age, race, sex, tumor location, and histology were not influential in identifying these patients. Tumor size and local orbital recurrence were, however, associated with a higher risk of cervical lymphadenopathy (p < 0.05). Cervical metastases were also associated with the presence of distant metastatic disease.Conclusion. Neck dissection should be reserved for patients with clinically demonstrable lymphadenopathy only after distant disease has been excluded. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Breast carcinoma metastatic to paranasal sinuses
Authors: Austin John R. , Kershiznek Matthew M. , McGill Diana , Austin Sara G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Breast cancer affects 150,000 women a year in the United States. Breast carcinoma that is metastatic to the paranasal sinus (PNS) is rare. A patient with breast cancer treated recently at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center developed bilateral metastasis to the ethmoid sinuses. This case prompted a review of the incidence of this disease, its treatment, and outcome.Methods. A review of the published reports dating back to 1939 of breast carcinoma that was metastatic to the PNS was performed. In addition, autopsy series in the breast oncology literature were reviewed for cases of breast carcinoma that was metastatic to the PNS.Results. From this review, we identified only eight cases of breast carcinoma that was metastatic to the PNS. All cases were unilateral and presented as mass lesions. Despite treatment, all patients died soon after diagnosis.Conclusions. We conclude that breast carcinoma metastatic to the PNS is rare and has been uniformly fatal because, as disseminated disease, it does not respond well to conventional systemic therapies. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Benign parotid adenomas: A review of the princess margaret hospital experience
Authors: Liu Fei‐Fei , Rotstein Lorne , Davison Alan J. , Pintilie Melania , O'Sullivan Brian , Payne David G. , Warde Padraig , Cummings Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. The morbidity of treating benign parotid tumors is an important issue because the majority of patients are young. We therefore undertook this study to evaluate the outcome for these patients treated at the Princess Margaret Hospital.Methods. A retrospective review was conducted on all patients registered with benign parotid tumors between 1970 and 1987.Results. Seventy‐six patients were included in this review; postoperative radiotherapy (XRT) was administered to 55 patients. Median follow‐up time was 12.5 years. Postoperative XRT was particularly important for patients with recurrent disease. The risk of both temporary and permanent facial nerve paralyses increased with each operation. No patients in this study developed a malignancy.Conclusions. We recommend that all patients with benign parotid tumors be treated with a complete parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve. Consideration to postoperative XRT should be given to patients in whom there was tumor spillage, residual disease, or recurrences. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Extent of lymph node dissection in T3/T4 cancer of the alveolo‐buccal complex
Authors: Rao Raja S. , Deshmane Vinay H. , Parikh Hemen K. , Parikh Deepak M. , Sukthankar Pinni S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Cancer of the alveolo‐buccal complex even when locally advanced is amenable to curative resection. However, the extent of lymph node dissection remains controversial.Methods. A total of 181 patients with T3/T4 cancer of the alveolo‐buccal complex who underwent a radical neck dissection (RND) were analyzed retrospectively to determine the incidence and pattern of lymph node involvement and to define the extent of neck dissection required in these cancers.Results. Lymph node involvement was as follows: level I (85%), II (51%), III (19%), IV (18%), V (5%). Levels I and II were most commonly involved (94%). Skip metastases occurred in 13%. Levels IV and V were involved in 2% and 20% when levels I, II, and III were uninvolved and involved, respectively.Conclusion. A supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHD) should be performed and subjected to a frozen section evaluation in every patient. If lymph nodes are negative, then SOHD is adequate. If levels I, II, or III are positive, then a RND should be performed. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma: Significance of DNA ploidy
Authors: Tytor Maciej , Gemryd Per , Grenko Ronald , Lundgren Jan , Lundquist Per‐G. , Nordenskjöld Bo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. DNA ploidy pattern is sometimes used as a prognostic factor. Heterogeneity of a tumor could, however, give false information when a single analysis is performed.Methods. Twenty‐eight patients with adenoid cystic carcinomas were retrospectively studied with regard to clinicohistologic parameters, and in 24 of these the DNA pattern was assessed using flow cytometry, with multiple analysis from different tumor parts, to determine prognostic factors.Results. Of the carcinomas, 33% (8/24) were DNA aneuploid, and 17% (4/24) of the tumors showed intratumoral heterogeneity of DNA content; two of them with mixture of diploid and aneuploid stemlines. The DNA aneuploid tumors were clinically more advanced and demonstrated a higher frequency of solid architecture than did diploid tumors (p < 0.05). The S‐phase values were significantly higher in aneuploid samples than in diploid ones (p < 0.05). The recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with aneuploid tumors (75%) than with diploid ones (19%) (p < 0.05). The cumulative survival was worse for patients with aneuploid tumors than for those with diploid ones (p < 0.05).Conclusions. Our findings suggest a potentially important role for flow cytometry in evaluation of adenoid cystic carcinoma. It is of interest to observe that in some tumors both diploid and aneuploid stemlines can co‐exist. If one sample is analyzed and demonstrates diploid cells, there is a 3% chance that the tumor is also heterogenous with aneuploid stemlines. If one sample demonstrates aneuploid cells, there is a 7% chance for heterogeneity with diploid cells, as well. Two samples from different tumor parts can be considered representative. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Management of tracheal wall resection for thyroid carcinoma by tracheocutaneous fenestration and delayed closure using auricular cartilage
Authors: Sugenoya Akira , Matsuo Kiyoshi , Asanuma Kazuhiko , Shingu Kiyoshi , Shimizu Tadahiro , Masuda Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Shinya , Iida Futoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. In the case of advanced thyroid carcinoma invading the trachea, surgical procedures for tracheal resection are selected in relation to the degree of invasion. We created a tracheocutaneous fenestration that was later closed with a free auricular cartilage autograft. We present a simple and effective method for permanent closure of tracheostoma.Methods. The surgical procedure for delayed closure consists of three steps: (1) preparing the hinge flap with additional undermining of the subcutaneous layer and the strap muscles; (2) removing a portion of the conchal cartilage from the auricle, which is easily performed with a semicircular skin incision along the anthelix of the ear; and (3) placing the conchal cartilage with its convex surface upward just over the sutured hinge flap layer.Results. Under local anesthesia, we successfully employed this reconstructive procedure for 5 patients. Unfortunately, however, in one patient, we had to reopen the closed tracheocutaneous fenestration on the second postoperative day because of an acute problem that was independent of the closure surgery. Four patients remain in satisfactory condition for more than 2 years since the closure of tracheostoma.Conclusions. The auricular cartilage free graft is a relatively simple procedure which supplies tracheal wall skeletal support for the permanent closure of the tracheocutaneous fenestration. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Epilarynx: Pharynx or larynx?
Authors: Lefebvre Jean‐Louis , Buisset Etienne , Coche‐Dequeant Bernard , Ton Van Jean , Prevost Bernard , Hecquet Bernard , Demaille Alain 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. As a general rule, epilarynx is studied as a part of supraglottis. On the contrary, in France, due to its particular natural history, it is often studied separately.Methods. To assess the value of this French classification, we compared from an epidemiologic point of view, in one study, 86 cases of epilarynx squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with 431 oropharynx, 339 hypopharynx, and 89 vestibule SCC. In another study, we compared, from a clinical point of view, 232 epilarynx SCC with 1351 oropharynx, 652 hypopharynx, and 372 vestibule SCC.Results. Epilarynx patients appeared to be much heavier drinkers than larynx patients and similar to pharynx patients but tobacco consumption did not differ. The patterns of nodal involvement were similar for pharynx and epilarynx SCC. For stages I and II, patterns of failures were similar, but for stages III and IV, there were fewer locoregional failures in vestibule patients; distant metastases were equally frequent for these tumors. From the standpoint of multiple primaries, epilarynx SCC appeared to be more akin to pharynx than to larynx SCC with a much lower incidence of lung cancers. Finally, the outcome after treatment was different for vestibule, epilarynx, and pharynx SCC, with a 5‐year survival of 43%, 27%, and 13%, respectively.Conclusions. These data support the identification of epilarynx as a real entity that should be taken into account for stratification in clinical trials. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Thorascopic staging of stomal recurrence
Authors: Wax Mark K. , Garnett James David , Graeber Geoffrey 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. Squamous cell carcinoma of the low cervical area may be secondary to stomal recurrence following laryngectomy, low cervical esophageal disease, or peritracheal metastasis. Most often patients with disease in this area have already received both surgery and radiotherapy. Prior to Sisson's description of the trans‐sternal radical neck dissection or mediastinal dissection the management and prognosis was uniformly poor. Since then, a number of authors have reported their experience with mediastinal dissection. Survival remains poor but palliation has been acceptable. Unfortunately, resectability of the disease cannot often be determined prior to the actual surgical procedure. A number of patients are explored only to have the procedure terminated.Thoracoscopy is a procedure that involves insertion of two or three trocars into the right thoracic cavity with collapse of the right lung. A form of endoscopic surgery, it permits visualization and dissection of the important structures of the mediastinum. Tracheal, esophageal, and great vessel invasion by tumor can be evaluated.Methods. Prospectively, all patients initially seen with stomal recurrence from 1991 to 1994 were evaluated. CT scans, MRIs as well as thoracoscopy were performed when indicated.Results. One patient required conversion to a minithoracotomy involving a 7‐cm chest incision. The patient was found to have unresectable disease with tumor involving the great vessels of the mediastinum. A second patient was found to have unresectable disease with tumor encasing the subclavian artery. The third patient was found to have no mediastinum involvement.The patient with no mediastinum involvement underwent a stomal resection with mediastinal dissection. Reconstruction with a pectoralis major myogenous flap was performed. The patient has remained disease free to date. The remaining two patients were judged to have unresectable disease and were offered palliative treatment. Both of these patients died of the disease within 6 months.Conclusions. Thoracoscopy provides important information in judging the surgical resectability of patients with stomal recurrence. This procedure has not been previously described in the otolaryngologic literature. We provide some suggestions for its use in the evaluation of the mediastinal extent of disease. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Micrometastases in carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: Detection, risk of metastasizing, and prognostic value of depth of invasion
Authors: Ambrosch Petra , Kron Martina , Fischer Gösta , Brinck Ulrich 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of micrometastases from squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract in neck dissection specimens, and to determine whether features of the primary tumor might be of prognostic value for metastasizing.Methods. Seventy‐six originally pN0 staged neck dissection specimens from 60 patients were evaluated using serial sectioning in 10‐μm intervals, H&E‐staining and immunostaining with an antibody to pan‐cytokeratin. The influence of the variables pT‐category, cytologic grade, and maximum depth of invasion of the primary tumor on the nodal status was analyzed in 128 patients.Results. The examination of 1020 lymph nodes from 76 neck dissection specimens revealed 8 micrometastases in 6 specimens (7.9%) from 6 patients with oral and pharyngeal primaries, resulting in upstaging. Six micrometastases were located in lymph nodes of 3–6 mm in diameter. Depth of invasion was the only significant risk factor for metastasizing selected in logistic regression.Conclusion. The surgeon should be aware of a relatively high incidence of micrometastases from oral and pharyngeal carcinomas, which are neither detectable preoperatively nor histopathologically by a reasonable effort. The measurement of the maximum depth of invasion of the primary can delineate a group of patients who should be treated by elective neck dissection. © 1995 Jons Wiley & Sons, Inc.