bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of type II migration under the framework of the disk instability model for giant planet formation
Authors: Yang Jingxi , Jin Liping 
Published: February 2024

Context. Hydrodynamic simulations of the migration of planets formed by gravitational instability suggest that after an initial phase of fast migration, planets can open gaps and continue to migrate on a type II migration timescale. The simulation time length is typically on the order of 104 yr.
Aims. We study the effects of the subsequent type II migration during the disk lifetime on the final orbital radii of planets.
Methods. We used a numerical disk model that follows the disk formation and evolution. The disk acquires mass through the mass influx from the collapse of its parent molecular cloud core. The model reflects the influence of the properties of the parent core on the disk. Considering clumps forming at different times in a disk and also in different disks with different parent core properties, we used the type II migration rate to follow the clump migration from the formation location. We studied the dependence of the clump migration on the properties of the parent core.
Results. The mass influx drag enhances the migration process. The duration and viscosity of gravitational instability, viscosity in the dead zone, and the collapse time of the parent core play important roles in planet migration. As the angular momentum and mass of the parent core increase, migration is enhanced. The final radius is sensitive to the initial radius. Clumps forming at large radii might migrate outward with the disk expansion.
Conclusions. Even though type II migration is slow, clumps can migrate over significant distances. A considerable proportion of clumps migrate to the central protostar via type II migration. Our calculations support the idea that the observed pile-up of planets at <0.3 AU is explained by a scenario where planets might form at large radii, then migrate to orbits of <0.3 AU, and halt by a stopping mechanism at this location.
ZPEKTR: A code for spectral synthesis of fast-rotating stars
Authors: Levenhagen Ronaldo S. , Curé Michel , Arcos Catalina , Diaz Marcos P. , Araya Ignacio , Amôres Eduardo B. , Turis-Gallo Daniela , Concha David 
Published: February 2024

Context. Estimating the physical states of the surfaces of fast-rotating stars is challenging due to several intrinsic processes, which include radiative flux inhomogeneities on the photosphere induced by rotation and circumstellar signatures in their spectra. The analysis of their spectra ultimately requires the use of synthetic grids of spectra accounting for all these physical processes.
Aims. In this paper, we present the ‘von ZeiPEl’s code for gravity darKening specTRal synthesis’ (ZPEKTR) code, which is designed to perform the spectral synthesis of fast-rotating stars, accounting for gravity darkening, limb-darkening effects in the continuum and geometrical deformation induced by fast rotation.
Methods. We consider colatitudinal temperature and surface-gravity variations, assuming both the classical prescription developed by von Zeipel and the new formulation by Espinosa-Lara. The code runs either with a rectangular or a triangular mesh on the stellar surface. We compare the temperature and gravitational distribution as a function of the stellar latitude arising from both models.
Results. The line profiles of He I 4388, 4471, 4922, and 6678 Å produced with both formalisms are compared at three different rotation rates and illustrate differences in shape and central intensity. We also illustrate the fittings of 31 line spectra of classical Be stars averaged from the Be Stars Observation Survey (BeSOS) database and make a comparison among their apparent physical parameters and ages determined from plane-parallel non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (non-LTE) models and parameters determined from classical von Zeipel models, finding a displacement of more evolved objects towards the zero-age main sequence. We also compare the distributions of projected rotation velocities of these objects obtained with and without the inclusion of gravity-darkening effects with ZPEKTR.
Conclusions. We observe a shift of the histogram of rotation velocities calculated accounting for effects of gravity darkening concerning rotation velocities obtained through the fittings with classical plane-parallel non-LTE models. We show that models that do not account for gravity darkening can underestimate the rotation velocity, because the stellar latitudes that contribute the higher velocities are those in the equator with the least radiative flux. We envisage near-future improvements to the code, such as the inclusion of differential rotation and treatment of tidal forces in binary stellar systems.
La glutathionylation de la protéine mitochondriale humaine MIA40 régule l’homéostasie des ROS
Authors: Arab Razika , Sitolle Julie , Ziga Jessica , Golinelli-Cohen Marie-Pierre 
Published: February 2024

Dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-Saclay, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » se sont confrontés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné des articles scientifiques dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire présentant des résultats originaux, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant de l’exploration des sites de contacts membranaires aux mécanismes moléculaires de la ferroptose, en passant par la signalisation hépatique et tumorale. Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes/trinômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme !
Prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine 2023 : Katalin Karikó et Drew Weissman
Authors: Dieu-Nosjean Marie-Caroline , Teillaud Jean-Luc 
Published: February 2024

Le 2 octobre 2023, le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine a été décerné à Katalin Karikó et Drew Weissman, tous deux professeurs à l’université de Pennsylvanie, pour leur « découverte concernant les modifications des nucléosides qui ont permis le développement de vaccins ARN efficaces contre le COVID-19 ». Le communiqué du comité Nobel indique que « grâce à leurs découvertes exceptionnelles qui ont changé radicalement notre compréhension des mécanismes par lesquels l’ARN messager interagit avec notre système immunitaire, ces deux lauréats ont contribué au développement, avec une rapidité sans précédent, d’un vaccin contre l’une des plus grandes menaces des temps modernes affectant la santé humaine ».
Retrograde Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for the Treatment of Intractable Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina Injuries: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lee Chun Lin , ShakerKhavidaki SeyedMilad , Sitthinamsuwan Bunpot , Jirachaipitak Sukunya , Srirabheebhat Prajak 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) offers an alternative treatment for refractory pain resulting from various etiologies. Generally, SCS electrodes are inserted in an anterograde fashion, moving from caudal to rostral direction. However, there are instances where anterograde placement is unfeasible due to technical limitations. We present the use of retrograde surgical electrode placement in SCS for a patient with extensive epidural fibrosis at the site intended for electrode insertion. A 48-year-old female suffering from refractory neuropathic pain caused from injuries to the conus medullaris and cauda equina opted for SCS. During the SCS trial procedure, challenges emerged when attempting percutaneous electrode insertion at the site of a prior T12 laminectomy. However, the trial stimulation resulted in significant pain relief. For the permanent placement of the stimulator, utilizing a surgical electrode centered at T11 vertebral level, a considerable amount of epidural fibrosis was encountered at the entry of the spine, particularly at the T12 vertebral level. To avoid dural injury and ensure accurate electrode positioning, a retrograde technique for surgical electrode was employed via partial laminectomies at the T9-T10 level. The final electrode positioning was in accordance with the preoperative plan, well-centered at the T11 vertebral level. The patient experienced sustained relief from neuropathic pain over the long term. Retrograde epidural SCS is a suitable option for cases characterized by extensive epidural fibrosis resulting from a previous spinal surgery or when the anterograde placement of the electrode is unattainable due to aberrant vertebral anatomy.
An efficiently excited Eu3+ luminescent site formed in Eu,O-codoped GaN
Authors: Iwaya Takenori , Ichikawa Shuhei , Dierolf Volkmar , Mitchell Brandon , Austin Hayley , Timmerman Dolf , Tatebayashi Jun , Fujiwara Yasufumi 
Published: February 2024

For the development of III-nitride-semiconductor-based monolithic micro-light-emitting diode (LED) displays, Eu,O-codoped GaN (GaN:Eu,O) is a promising material candidate for the red LEDs. The luminescence efficiency of Eu-related emission strongly depends on the local atomic structure of Eu ions. Our previous research has revealed that post-growth thermal annealing is an effective method for reconfiguring luminescent sites, leading to a significant increase in light output. We observed the preferential formation of a site with a peak at ∼2.004 eV by the annealing process. In this study, we demonstrate that it is a previously unidentified independent site (OMVPE-X) using combined excitation–emission spectroscopy and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. In addition, we perform excitation power-dependent photoluminescence measurements and show that this OMVPE-X site dominates the emission at a low excitation power region despite its small relative abundance, suggesting a high excitation efficiency. Most importantly, applying our annealing technique to an LED exhibits a reasonably increased electroluminescence intensity associated with OMVPE-X, confirming that this site has a high excitation efficiency also under current injection. These results demonstrate the importance of OMVPE-X as a notable luminescent site for brighter and more efficient GaN:Eu,O-based LEDs.
Absorption spectrum of magnetically structured emulsions in the centimeter range
Authors: Turkin Sergey , Zakinyan Arthur , Bozhenko Sofya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The high degree of absorption of microwave radiation by composite materials with developed morphology can be significantly improved by directly changing the geometrical parameters of the subwavelength structure, which is difficult in the case of solid-state materials. In this work, a new composite liquid material with controlled absorption properties, a magnetodielectric emulsion, is investigated. The control of microgeometry parameters is accomplished through exposure to a magnetic field. The experimental studies have shown that the formation of chain structures from spherical water droplets in the composite leads to a significant change in the absorption coefficient. Thus, for an emulsion with 10% water content, exposure to a magnetic field of 25 kA m−1 increases the absorption coefficient by 400% at a radiation frequency of 10 GHz. It is noteworthy that the efficiency of the absorption properties control depends on the volume concentration of droplets in the sample and has a non-monotonic character. To interpret the obtained results, numerical modeling of the studied system in the effective medium approximation was carried out.
On some structural phase transitions in coupled quantum wires at finite temperature
Authors: Rani Preeti , Kaur Kulveer , Garg Vinayak , Moudgil R K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we explore some structural phase transitions in GaAs-based coupled electron-electron (e-e) and electron-hole (e-h) quantum wires at finite temperature. To this endeavour, the intra- and inter-wire static-structure factors, pair-correlation functions and static (charge) density susceptibilities are calculated over a wide range of temperature T, particle number density parameter r

se
and some selected values of inter-wire spacing d. The particle exchange-correlations (xc) are included using the dynamic version of self-consistent mean-field theory of Singwi et al (the qSTLS theory), and the results have been compared with the static STLS model. It has been found that in the e-h system, the inclusion of dynamic nature of xc leads to the formation of Wigner crystal (WC) state in the close proximity of two wires at wave-vector q ∼ 3.5k

Fe
. However, a charge-density-wave (CDW) instability is observed at q ∼ 2k

Fe
when the xc are treated statically (k

Fe
being the electron’s Fermi wave vector). On the other hand, the e-e system shows comparatively small signatures of the WC phase when wires are kept sufficiently far apart, but, a long-wavelength instability is encountered in close vicinity of the wires. Interestingly, the CDW phase is completely missing in the e-e system at the investigated parameters. Expectedly, the quantum phase transitions are predicted to occur in the strongly correlated regime i.e. at sufficiently small T and high r

se
.
Nonclassical correlations in two-dimensional graphene lattices
Authors: Wang Hao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We investigate nonclassical correlations via negativity, local quantum uncertainty (LQU) and local quantum Fisher information (LQFI) for two-dimensional graphene lattices. The explicitly analytical expressions for negativity, LQU and LQFI are given. The close forms of LQU and LQFI confirm the inequality between the quantum Fisher information and skew information, where the LQFI is always greater than or equal to the LQU, and both show very similar behavior with different amplitudes. Moreover, the effects of the different system parameters on the quantified quantum correlation are analyzed. The LQFI reveals more nonclassical correlations than LQU in a two-dimensional graphene lattice system.
A calculable pistonphone for the absolute calibration of hydrophones in the frequency range from 0.5 Hz to 250 Hz
Authors: Malcher Freya , Ford Ben , Barham Richard , Robinson Stephen , Ward Jake , Wang Lian , Bridges Angus , Yacoot Andrew , Cheong Sei-Him , Rodrigues Dominique , Barrera-Figueroa Salvador 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The demand for traceable hydrophone calibrations at low frequencies in support of ocean monitoring applications requires primary standard methods that are able to realise the acoustic pascal. In this paper, a new method for primary calibration of hydrophones is described based on the use of a calculable pistonphone to cover frequencies from 0.5 Hz to 250 Hz. The design consists of a pre-stressed piezoelectric stack driving a piston to create a varying pressure in an air-filled enclosed cavity, the displacement (and so the volume velocity) of the piston being measured by a laser interferometer. The dimensions of the front cavity were designed to allow the calibration of reference hydrophones, but it may also be used to calibrate microphones. Examples of calibration results for several sensors are presented alongside an uncertainty budget for hydrophone calibration with expanded uncertainties ranging from 0.45 dB at 0.5 Hz to 0.30 dB at 20 Hz, and to 0.35 at 250 Hz (expressed for a coverage factor of k = 2). The metrological performance is demonstrated by comparisons with results for other calibration methods and an independent implementation of primary calibration methods at other institutes.
Thermodynamic precision of a chain of motors: the difference between phase and noise correlation
Authors: Costantini G , Puglisi A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Inspired by recent experiments on fluctuations of flagellar beating in sperm and C. reinhardtii, we investigate the precision of phase fluctuations in a system of nearest-neighbor-coupled molecular motors. We model the system as a Kuramoto chain of oscillators with a coupling constant k and noisy driving. The precision p is a Fano-factor-like observable, which obeys the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), which is an upper bound related to dissipation. We first consider independent motor noises with diffusivity D: in this case, the precision goes as

k

/

D

, coherently with the behavior of spatial order. The minimum observed precision is that of the uncoupled oscillator

p

u
n
c

; the maximum observed precision is

N

p

u
n
c

, saturating the TUR bound. Then we consider driving noises which are spatially correlated, as may happen in the presence of some direct coupling between adjacent motors. Such a spatial correlation in the noise does not evidently reduce the degree of spatial correlation in the chain, but sensibly reduces the maximum attainable precision p, coherently with experimental observations. The limiting behavior of the precision, in the two opposite cases of negligible interaction and strong interaction, is well reproduced by the precision of the single chain site

p

u
n
c

and the precision of the center of mass of the chain

N

e
f
f

p

u
n
c

with

N

e
f
f

<
N

: both do not depend on the degree of interaction in the chain, but

N

e
f
f

decreases with the correlation length of the motor noises.
A design of a household output water temperature control system based on the PID controller and feedforward control
Authors: Liu Hainan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Household bathroom products are facing the problems of input water temperature fluctuation and effluent temperature control delay, which brings trouble to consumers. This essay will propose a solution that controls the water temperature at the effluent end by adding a water tank and an electrical heater. The author establishes a mathematical model of the water tank and calculates the transfer functions of different parts of the control system. He also chooses a PID controller as the core of the closed-loop system. A feedforward control system is built into the design to reduce the effect of the disturbance. Simulink software is used to conduct the simulation experiment. The result of the simulation shows that the change in heat provided by the heater has the ability to control the temperature of the output water. Additionally, the feedforward control system can reduce the influence of the input water temperature effectively.
Energy consumption forecasting with deep learning
Authors: Li Yunfan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research endeavors to create an advanced machine learning model designed for the prediction of household electricity consumption. It leverages a multidimensional time-series dataset encompassing energy consumption profiles, customer characteristics, and meteorological information. A comprehensive exploration of diverse deep learning architectures is conducted, encompassing variations of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), temporal convolutional networks (TCNs), and traditional autoregressive moving average models (ARIMA) for reference purposes. The empirical findings underscore the substantial enhancement in forecasting accuracy attributed to the inclusion of meteorological data, with the most favorable outcomes being attained through the application of time-series convolutional networks. Additionally, an in-depth investigation is conducted into the impact of input duration and prediction steps on model performance, emphasizing the pivotal role of selecting an optimal duration and number of steps to augment predictive precision. In summation, this investigation underscores the latent potential of deep learning in the domain of electricity consumption forecasting, presenting pragmatic methodologies and recommendations for household electricity consumption prediction.
Comparative analysis of various models for image classification on Cifar-100 dataset
Authors: Zheng YuYu , Huang HaoXuan , Chen JunMing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, people developed various convolutional neural network (CNN) based models for computer vision. Some famous models, such as GoogLeNet, Residual Network (ResNet), Visual Geometry Group (VGG), and You Only Look Once (YOLO), have different architecture and performances. Determining which model to use may be a troublesome problem for those just starting to study image classification. To solve this problem, we introduce the GoogLeNet, ResNet-18, and VGG-16 models, comparing their architecture, features, and performance. Then we give our suggestions based on the test results to help beginners choose a suitable model. We conducted experiments to train and test GoogLeNet, ResNet-18, and VGG-16 on the Cifar-100 datasets with the same hyperparameters. Based on the test results (test accuracy, average test loss, training loss), we analyze the figures for trends, key points, increase rate, and other features. Then we combine the architecture of each model to make our conclusions. The experimental results show that ResNet-18 can be a good choice when training the model with the Cifar-100 datasets because it performs well after training and has a low time complexity. ResNet-18 also has the fastest convergence speed. GoogLeNet would be the second choice because it functions similarly to ResNet-18 and is even better. However, training GoogLeNet is a time-consuming task. VGG is not recommended in this experiment because it has the worst performance and similar training complexity compared with ResNet-18.
Highly immersive imaging: Depth of field effect implemented through ray tracing with multiple samples
Authors: Zhong Zhenkai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the implementation of depth of field effects through ray tracing with multiple samples. We focus on simulating the imaging process of the human eye, giving more consideration to the factors influencing the depth of field effect. Building upon ray tracing shading computations, we have employed a multi-sampling technique for rendering. This approach complements spatial information in the two-dimensional image, providing accurate depth of field effects. Moreover, as this process closely resembles the way the human eye naturally captures images, it results in a more immersive visual experience. Additionally, based on the advantageous features of parallel computing in distributed ray tracing, we explore an implementation scheme for parallel computing acceleration with multiple buffers. As the number of sampling points increases, rendering quality improves significantly, accompanied by substantial acceleration. Finally, we discuss the limitations of our method and potential directions for improvement, as well as future application scenarios in the fields of computer graphics and mixed reality.
SWGO: a wide-field of view gamma-ray observatory in the southern hemisphere
Authors: Chiavassa A. ,   the SWGO collaboration
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The recent LHAASO and HAWC results opened the way to the search of gamma ray sources emitting at energies above 100 TeV. Both detectors are in the northern hemisphere; the need for such an observatory in the southern hemisphere is therefore clear. The goal of the SWGO collaboration is the construction of a wide field of view, high duty cycle observatory to explore the Southern hemisphere sky searching for gamma ray sources at energies above 100 GeV. Such an array will detect extensive air showers particles and must be able to select the photon originated showers from the background of the hadronic ones. The experiment must be located in a site at latitude between 10° and 30° degrees south and at an altitude above 4400 m a.s.l. The baseline detection technique chosen by the collaboration is Water Cherenkov Detectors. The array will have a central region with high fill factor (>60%) and a large (about 1 km2) outer region with a much lower fill factor (around 4–5%).