bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Plant-Growth Promoting Potential of Bacteria Isolated from Amazonian Black Pepper Roots
Authors: da Silva Anderson Moraes , da Cruz Paula Neves Patrick , Costa Sávio Souza , Silva Artur , Schneider Maria Paula Cruz , das Graças Diego Assis , da Silva Joyce Kelly do Rosário , Baraúna Rafael Azevedo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurpose: In the Amazon, farmers use chemical fertilizers on a large scale to meet the nutritional requirements of some crops. Plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) offer a sustainable alternative to enhance crop productivity. This study aimed to prospect novel PGPB from Amazonian black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) roots. Methods: Bacterial isolates were obtained from plant roots, evaluated for their biofertilizing potential, and the most promising strain was selected for genome sequencing. Taxonomic classification was based on 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation were assessed. Genome sequencing was performed using the Ion GeneStudio S5 platform. Results: The 20 isolates were affiliated to Enterobacter (7 isolates), Klebsiella (4 isolates), Kosakonia (5 isolates), Bacillus (2 isolates), and two unclassified bacteria. Seven isolates were positive for ACC deaminase activity, while four were positive for the presence of the nifH gene. Nitrogenase gene was found only in Kosakonia isolates. Ninety isolates were able to solubilize phosphate. The isolate Pn16 was the most promising and presented a genome of 6,432,985 bp, GC content of 55%, 6,465 Coding Sequences, 10 Symbiotic Islands, 28 biosynthetic gene clusters, and several genes involved in plant-growth promotion such as phoU-pstSCAB-phoBR, oqxAB, ipdC, speADEGF, nifHDK. Conclusions: We were able to isolate a bacterium with potential for biofertilization. Based on phylogeny and Average Nucleotide Identity, we propose the classification of the Pn16 isolate as Kosakonia pseudosacchari Pn16.
Urinary thymidine dimer excretion reflects personal ultraviolet radiation exposure levels
Authors: Lerche Catharina Margrethe , Frederiksen Nynne Johanne Sahl , Thorsteinsson Ida Schwarz , Køster Brian , Nybo Lars , Flouris Andreas D. , Heydenreich Jakob , Philipsen Peter Alshede , Hædersdal Merete , Wulf Hans Christian , Granborg Jonatan Riber 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) leads to skin DNA damage, specifically in the form of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, with thymidine dimers being the most common. Quantifying these dimers can indicate the extent of DNA damage resulting from UVR exposure. Here, a new liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method was used to quantify thymidine dimers in the urine after a temporary increase in real-life UVR exposure. Healthy Danish volunteers (n = 27) experienced increased UVR exposure during a winter vacation. Individual exposure, assessed via personally worn electronic UVR dosimeters, revealed a mean exposure level of 32.9 standard erythema doses (SEDs) during the last week of vacation. Morning urine thymidine dimer concentrations were markedly elevated both 1 and 2 days post-vacation, and individual thymidine dimer levels correlated with UVR exposure during the last week of the vacation. The strongest correlation with erythema-weighted personal UVR exposure (Power model, r2 = 0.64, p < 0.001) was observed when both morning urine samples were combined to measure 48-h thymidine dimer excretion, whereas 24-h excretion based on a single sample provided a weaker correlation (Power model, r2 = 0.55, p < 0.001). Sex, age, and skin phototype had no significant effect on these correlations. For the first time, urinary thymidine dimer excretion was quantified by LC–MS to evaluate the effect of a temporary increase in personal UVR exposure in a real-life setting. The high sensitivity to elevated UVR exposure and correlation between urinary excretion and measured SED suggest that this approach may be used to quantify DNA damage and repair and to evaluate photoprevention strategies.
Graphical abstract
Study of Nano-Powell-Erying fluid flow past a porous stretching sheet by the effects of MHD, thermal and mass convective boundary conditions
Authors: Gundagani Murali , Babu N. V. N. , Gadially Deepa , Bhati S. M. , Ch Sanjay , Nirmala Kasturi V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe object of this research is to examine the combined effects of mass and thermal Biot numbers on the properties of a Powell-Erying fluid flow that is two-dimensional, constant, viscous, incompressible, and non-Newtonian. In the direction of the flow is an extending sheet encircled by a porous medium. Further consideration is given to the existence of a chemical reaction, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, and velocity lapse, among other factors. Utilizing the Powell-Erying Cauchy non-Newtonian model, the viscoelastic effect is accounted for. When establishing concentration and temperature boundary conditions, thermal and mass Biot numbers are incorporated. By utilizing graphs, one can examine the impacts of a variety of engineering parameters on concentration profiles, velocity, and temperature. This is accomplished through the implementation of numerical solutions derived via the Runge–Kutta method. By utilizing graphs, one can examine the impacts of a variety of engineering parameters on concentration profiles, velocity, and temperature. This is accomplished through the implementation of numerical solutions derived via the Runge–Kutta method. Furthermore, the Nusselt number, Skin-friction, and Sherwood number coefficients are evaluated and shown in a tabular format utilizing the same parameters. In the end, the numerical outcomes obtained from this investigation are substantiated and considered to be highly consistent with the findings that were previously documented.
A Manta-Ray Hill Climbing Vision Transformer Model for Predicting Ischemic Stroke Outcome
Authors: Sarhan Amany M. , Saif Dina , Elshennawy Nada M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn ischemic stroke attack can cause permanent damage to healthy brain tissue, leading to a permanent loss of motor or sensory function. It can also result in disability or death if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Early prediction of the outcome of the first stroke, such as disability or death, can help many patients by administering appropriate medications to save their lives. Additionally, early prediction of a recurrent stroke within 14 days of the initial stroke can contribute to prevent its recurrence. This paper first proposes a modified Manta-Ray Foraging Optimizer (MMRFO) to enhance the characteristics of the MRFO technique. This approach is based on incorporating the Hill Climbing methodology into the original MRFO in order to improve the exploitation phase, which is responsible for locating the promising zone in the search area. The proposed approach is then utilized to determine the appropriate hyperparameters of the Vision Transformer(ViT) model to predict stroke outcomes prior to its occurrence. To transform categorical data to numerical values, an ASCII encoder module is included. In the feature selection step, the Harris Hawk Optimization approach (HHO) is used to identify the most important elements that may define the stroke. A comparative study has been performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The results demonstrate that the proposed technique with a Vision Transformer achieves superior results compared to state-of-the-art algorithms. The accuracy of the proposed technique was improved to 87% for the first dataset and 83% for the second, which is clearly superior to that of the other models and earlier research.
Preprocessed Spectral Clustering with Higher Connectivity for Robustness in Real-World Applications
Authors: Sadjadi Fatemeh , Torra Vicenç , Jamshidi Mina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel model for spectral clustering to solve the problem of poor connectivity among points within the same cluster as this can negatively impact the performance of spectral clustering. The proposed method leverages both sparsity and connectivity properties within each cluster to find a consensus similarity matrix. More precisely, the proposed approach considers paths of varying lengths in the graph, computing a similarity matrix for each path, and generating a cluster for each path. By combining these clusters using multi-view spectral clustering, the method produces clusters of good quality and robustness when there are outliers and noise. The extracted multiple independent views from different paths in the graph are integrated into a consensus graph. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on various benchmark datasets and compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Dynamic Patterns and Predominance of Respiratory Pathogens Post-COVID-19: Insights from a Two-Year Analysis
Authors: AlBahrani Salma , AlZahrani Samira Jamaan , Al-Maqati Thekra N. , Almehbash Atheer , Alshammari Anfal , Bujlai Refan , Ba Taweel Sarah , Almasabi Fares , AlAmari Abdullah , Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) stand out as the most frequent causes leading to visits to the emergency department and hospitalizations. This study aims to assess the types and prevalence of respiratory infections across two years following the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Patients presenting with an influenza-like illness (ILI) were tested using multiplex RT-PCR (QIAstat-Dx, Qiagen). The multiplexed RT- PCR test detects 21 respiratory viruses and bacteria.

Results
During the study period, PCR test was done on a total of 1,790 samples were tested, and 712 (40%) were positive for a total of 796 pathogens. The mean age (± SD) of the participants was 20.1 ± 28.4 years in 2022 and 21.9 ± 27.6 years in 2023. Among the detected pathogens, the most prevalent were Rhinovirus/Enterovirus 222 (12.4%), followed by RSV A&B (103 cases, 5.7%), and H1N1 Influenza (77 cases, 4.3%). Additionally, Influenza A/B constituted 172 (9.6%) while parainfluenza constituted (58, 3.2%). SARS-CoV-2 was identified in 3.97% of the samples. Over the two-year period, the monthly pattern of the identified pathogens exhibited fluctuations in the prevalence. Furthermore, variations were observed in the detected pathogens across different age groups.

Conclusion
In addition to adding significant knowledge to the field of respiratory viral infections, this study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing research and surveillance for the detection and characterization of respiratory viruses, particularly those with the potential for emergence. Such studies would also require setting up a strategy for genotyping and/or sequencing of viruses.
A Neural Network Method for Inversion of Turbulence Strength
Authors: Yin Weishi , Zhang Baoyin , Meng Pinchao , Zhou Linhua , Qi Dequan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Accurate inversion of atmospheric turbulence strength is a challenging problem in modern turbulence research due to its practical significance. Inspired by transfer learning, we propose a new neural network method consisting of convolution and pooling modules for the atmospheric turbulence strength inversion problem. Its input is the intensity image of the beam and its output is the refractive index structure constant characterizing the atmospheric turbulence strength. We evaluate the inversion performance of the neural network at different beams. Meanwhile, to enhance the generalisation of the network, we mix data sets from different turbulence environments to construct new data sets. Additionally, the inverted atmospheric turbulence strength is used as a priori information to help identify turbulent targets. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Unlocking the cosmos: evaluating the efficacy of augmented reality in secondary education astronomy instruction
Authors: Ferrari Enzo , Teijón Pablo Herrero , Ruiz Camilo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAugmented Reality (AR) is now being used in education across various subjects. The number of AR applications has increased with the popularity of smartphones. In this study, we explore the use of AR-based apps for teaching astronomy in the last four years of secondary education in Spain. The study includes an experimental group and a control group to show the benefits of using AR in the classroom. We conducted a pretest-posttest design, with a knowledge questionnaire given before and after the teaching period. 130 students aged 12 to 16, from a secondary school in Spain were divided into four groups, each having a control and an experimental group. The experimental group showed significant improvement in academic performance through the use of AR. This research aligns with previous studies, confirming that the use of AR makes Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning more engaging compared to traditional teaching methods.
Early Beringian Traditions: Functioning and Economy of the Stone Toolkit from Swan Point CZ4b, Alaska
Authors: Gauvrit Roux Eugénie , Gómez Coutouly Yan Axel , Holmes Charles E. , Hirasawa Yu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pressure knapping technique develops circa 25,000 cal BP in Northeast Asia and excels at producing highly standardized microblades. Microblade pressure knapping spreads throughout most of Northeast Asia up to the Russian Arctic, and Alaska, in areas where the human presence was unknown. Swan Point CZ4b is the earliest uncontested evidence of human occupation of Alaska, at around 14,000 cal BP. It yields a pressure microblade component produced with the Yubetsu method, which is widespread in Northeast Asia during the Late Glacial period. Through the techno-functional analysis of 634 lithic pieces from this site, this study seeks to identify the techno-economical purposes for which the Yubetsu method was implemented. Data show that the microblade production system is related to an economy based on the planning of future needs, which is visible through blanks standardization, their overproduction, their functional versatility, and the segmentation of part of the chaîne opératoire. This expresses the efficiency and economic value of the microblade production system. The flexible use of pressure microblades identified at Swan Point CZ4b is also found in Japan, Korea, Kamchatka, and the North Baikal region, suggesting that their modes of use accompany the spread of early microblade pressure knapping over an immense territory across Beringia.
More Than an Intermediary: James Bannerman and Colonial Space-Making on the Nineteenth-Century Gold Coast
Authors: von Hesse Hermann W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScholars have emphasized the importance and autonomy of African intermediaries in European imperial projects. However, intermediaries have not been studied as founders of (proto) colonial administrations. Between 1840 and 1874, the inchoate British establishment on the Gold Coast was largely a project of Anglo-African merchants, rooted in their political visions of “progress.” Merchants like James Bannerman provided infrastructure, institutions, and material form to the administration and intended it as a force for development. Ultimately, the British administration exercised its hegemony through Euro-African infrastructures, spaces, and ideas. Consequently, merchants like Bannerman undermined their local networks, rulers, and dependents who opposed British domination.
The Chromatic Fourier Transform
Authors: Barthel Tobias , Carmeli Shachar , Schlank Tomer M. , Yanovski Lior 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We develop a general theory of higher semiadditive Fourier transforms that includes both the classical discrete Fourier transform for finite abelian groups at height

$n=0$

, as well as a certain duality for the

$E_n$

-(co)homology of

$\pi $

-finite spectra, established by Hopkins and Lurie, at heights

$n\ge 1$

. We use this theory to generalize said duality in three different directions. First, we extend it from

$\mathbb {Z}$

-module spectra to all (suitably finite) spectra and use it to compute the discrepancy spectrum of

$E_n$

. Second, we lift it to the telescopic setting by replacing

$E_n$

with

$T(n)$

-local higher cyclotomic extensions, from which we deduce various results on affineness, Eilenberg–Moore formulas and Galois extensions in the telescopic setting. Third, we categorify their result into an equivalence of two symmetric monoidal

$\infty $

-categories of local systems of

$K(n)$

-local

$E_n$

-modules [-12pc] and relate it to (semiadditive) redshift phenomena.

The Great Wave off Kanagawa, Katsushika Hokusai.
Buffon’s problem determines Gaussian curvature in three geometries
Authors: Abelgas Aizelle , Carrillo Bryan , Palacios John , Weisbart David , Yassine Adam M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA version of the classical Buffon problem in the plane naturally extends to the setting of any Riemannian surface with constant Gaussian curvature. The Buffon probability determines a Buffon deficit. The relationship between Gaussian curvature and the Buffon deficit is similar to the relationship that the Bertrand–Diguet–Puiseux theorem establishes between Gaussian curvature and both circumference and area deficits.
Exploring conceptual representation and grounding through perceptual strength norms in deaf individuals
Authors: Amenta Simona , Loca Giulia , Gianfreda Gabriele , Rinaldi Pasquale , Pavani Francesco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, our objective was to explore the impact of hearing loss on the conceptual system underlying word meaning. We collected perceptual strength norms for 200 Italian words from early deaf individuals with limited or no access to auditory information and compared them to existing norms from hearing individuals. For each word, participants provided perceptual strength ratings for each perceptual modality. Our results revealed a significant reduction of the auditory modality in the norms provided by deaf individuals compared to the hearing population. However, we did not observe an overall decrease in reported perceptual strength. Interestingly, we found a heightened involvement of other sensory modalities accompanied by reduced modality exclusivity in the conceptualization of words, indicating that deaf individuals heavily rely on information coming from the other perceptual modalities to form concepts. These findings suggest that hearing loss leads to a reorganisation of word conceptualization, characterised by increased multisensoriality. Importantly, although diminished, the auditory modality remains present, suggesting that deaf individuals can still infer auditory-associated knowledge about words to some extent.
The expansion of medical education in the Dutch East Indies and the formation of the Indonesian medical profession
Authors: Pols Hans 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn 1851, the colonial administration of the Dutch East Indies established a two-year program to educate young Javanese men to become vaccinators in Batavia (today’s Jakarta). During the following sixty years, the medical curriculum was expanded several times; in 1913, it consisted of a ten-year program. In 1927, the Batavia Medical School, granting degrees equivalent to those of Dutch university-affiliated medical schools, commenced operations. Consequently, a steadily increasing number of Indonesian physicians with various credentials were employed by the colonial health service, plantations, sugar factories and mines, or established private practices. They became a social group that occupied an ambiguous and even paradoxical position somewhere between Europeans and the indigenous population. During the 1910s, this inspired these physicians to obtain credentials and professional recognition equal to those of their European colleagues. Several of them became active in journalism, politics and social movements. During the 1920s, several became radicalised and criticised the nature of colonial society. In the 1930s, following the increasingly repressive nature of colonial society, most of them remained active in the public sphere while a small group dedicated itself to improving medical research and health care. After the transfer of sovereignty from the Netherlands to Indonesia on 27 December 1949, this small cadre reestablished medical education and health care, and built the Indonesian medical profession.
The distance from tree legumes in silvopastoral systems modifies the litter in grass-composed pastures
Authors: Santos Amanda Maria Gallindo dos , Dubeux Jose Carlos Batista , Santos Mércia Virginia Ferreira dos , Costa Suellen Brandão de Miranda , Côelho Diego de Lima , Santos Erick Rodrigo da Silva , Silva Naligia Gomes de Miranda e , Oliveira Bárbara Marcélia Martins de , Apolinário Valéria Xavier de Oliveira , Coelho Janerson José 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of silvopastoral systems with tree legumes is a viable alternative to recover and develop pastures, as they add N to the system influencing pasture growth. This study hypothesized that the herbage and litter of signalgrass (Urochloa decumbens Stapf) is affected by legume trees in the pasture. Treatments were composed of (1) signalgrass + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.; (2) signalgrass + Gliricidia sepium Jacq.; and (3) signalgrass monoculture. The 3-year experiment followed a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tree legumes were planted in double rows (15 × 1 × 0.5 m), in 1 ha paddocks. Litter samples were taken in five distance points (0, 1.8, 3.7, 5.6 and 7.5 m) perpendicular to tree legume rows. Signalgrass was taller at longer distances from the trees (P < 0.05). Signalgrass height differed between treatments, with taller signalgrass found in pastures mixed with G. sepium (15.6 cm) compared to M. caesalpiniifolia (9 cm) (P < 0.05). Herbage N content decreased with increasing distance from tree rows (P < 0.05). Litter N content followed a similar pattern, ranging from 23 g/kg under the trees to 12 g/kg at 7.5 m away from tree rows. Signalgrass did not grow under the tree crown (0–1.8 m), especially when intercropped with M. caesalpiniifolia. The findings of this study suggest that the type of legume trees used in the silvopastoral system has the potential to modify the pattern of grass growth and content of N in pasture litter.