bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-substrate specificity shaped the complex evolution of the aminotransferase family across the tree of life
Authors: Koper Kaan , Han Sang-Woo , Kothadia Ramani , Salamon Hugh , Yoshikuni Yasuo , Maeda Hiroshi A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAminotransferases (ATs) are an ancient enzyme family that play central roles in core nitrogen metabolism essential to all organisms. However, many of the AT enzyme functions remain poorly defined, limiting our fundamental understanding of the nitrogen metabolic networks that exist in different organisms. Here we traced the deep evolutionary history of the AT family by analyzing AT enzymes from 90 species spanning the tree of life (ToL). We found that each organism has maintained a relatively small and constant number of ATs. Mapping the distribution of ATs across the ToL uncovered that many essential AT reactions are carried out by taxon-specific AT enzymes due to wide-spread non-orthologous gene displacements. This complex evolutionary history explains the difficulty of homology-based AT functional prediction. Biochemical characterizations of diverse aromatic ATs further revealed their broad substrate specificity, unlike other core metabolic enzymes that evolved to catalyze specific reactions today. Interestingly, however, we found that these AT enzymes that diverged over billion years share common signatures of multi-substrate specificity by employing different non-conserved active site residues. These findings illustrate that AT evolution had leveraged their inherent substrate promiscuity to maintain a small yet distinct set of multi-functional AT enzymes in different taxa. This evolutionary history of versatile ATs likely contributed to the establishment of robust and diverse nitrogen metabolic networks that exist throughout the ToL. The study provides a critical foundation to systematically determine diverse AT functions and underlying nitrogen metabolic networks across the ToL.Significance StatementThe ToL-wide analyses of the ubiquitous aminotransferases (AT) family revealed that the broad substrate promiscuity of ATs, which is unusual for core metabolic enzymes, allowed recruitment of distinct, non-orthologous ATs to carry out essential AT reactions in different taxa but without increasing their copy numbers. Some distantly related ATs were also found to exhibit a common signature of multi-substrate specificity by employing different non-conserved active site residues. The versatile evolutionary trajectory of the promiscuous AT enzyme family likely led to biochemical diversity of the robust nitrogen metabolic networks that exist among various extant organisms.
Physical forces driveC. elegansembryonic deformation
Authors: Wang Ting , Ben Amar Martine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe abnormal development of embryos is closely linked to abnormal cell division and elongation, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The embryonic development ofC elegansembryo is different because it occurs without cell proliferation or cell rearrangement. Here, we focus on a spectacular 4-fold elongation that is achieved approximately 3 hours before the egg shell hatches and results from active filament networks. The body shape is represented by an inhomogeneous cylinder, which allows us to assess the active stresses induced by the actomyosin network located in the cortex and the muscles in ventral position near the epidermis. By considering the specific embryo configuration, we can quantitatively obtain the contractile forces induced by actomyosin filaments and muscles for a bending torsion event with defined curvature. We find that the active stress induced by actomyosin molecular motors or muscles increases with elongation and bending curvature, while also varying with radius. Both elongation and torsional deformation contribute to increased moment magnitudes that explain the dynamics of the embryo in the egg. Our results highlight the complex interplay between biomechanical factors in modulating embryonic deformation.
Genomic and phenotypic imprints of microbial domestication on cheese starter cultures
Authors: Somerville Vincent , Thierer Nadine , Schmidt Remo S. , Roetschi Alexandra , Braillard Lauriane , Haueter Monika , Berthoud Hélène , Shani Noam , von Ah Ueli , Mazel Florent , Engel Philipp 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDomestication – the artificial selection of wild species to obtain variants with traits of human interest– was integral to the rise of civilization. During the neolithic, the oversupply of food enabled by the domestication of crop plants and farm animals was associated with the invention of food preservation strategies through microbial fermentation. However, it remains unclear whether fermented food microbes show similar signs of domestication by humans like plants or animals. Only a few eukaroytic have been studied so far in this respect (e.g., yeasts used in mantou or wine), whereas little is known for bacteria.Here, we tested if cheese starter cultures harbour typical hallmarks of domestication by characterising over 100 community samples and over 100 individual strains isolated from historical and modern traditional Swiss cheese starter cultures. We find that cheese starter cultures have low genetic diversity both at the species and strain-level and are taxonomically and phenotypically stable. Our analyses further suggest that the evolutionary origin of the bacteria in cheese starter cultures coincided with the start of cheesemaking as reported from archeological records. Finally, we find evidence for ongoing genome decay and pseudogenization via transposon insertion related to a reduction of their niche breadth.These characteristics suggest that cheese starter cultures were domesticated by humans before knowing about microbes, potentially starting as early as the neolithics Future work documenting the prevalence of these hallmarks across diverse fermented food systems and geographic regions will be key to unveiling the joint history of humanity with fermented food microbes.
Exploring the impact of high-precision top-quark pair production data on the structure of the proton at the LHC
Authors: Ablat Alim , Guzzi Marco , Xie Keping , Dulat Sayipjamal , Hou Tie-Jiun , Sitiwaldi Ibrahim , Yuan C.-P. 
Published: March 2024

The impact of recent LHC top-quark pair production single differential cross section measurements at 13 TeV collision energy on the structure of the proton is explored. In particular, the impact of these high-precision data on the gluon and other parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton at intermediate and large partonic momentum fraction x is analyzed. This study extends the CT18 global analysis framework to include these new data. The interplay between top-quark pair and inclusive jet production as well as other processes at the LHC, is studied. In addition, a study of the impact of scale choice on the theory description of the new 13 TeV tt¯ measurements is performed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Searching for exotic spin-dependent interactions with diamond-based vector magnetometer
Authors: Guo Aolong , Kang Runqi , Jiao Man , Rong Xing 
Published: March 2024

We propose a new method to search for exotic spin-spin interactions between electrons and nucleons using a diamond-based vector magnetometer. The vector magnetometer can be constructed from ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers along different axes in a diamond. The N14 nuclear spins of nitrogen-vacancy centers in the same diamond can be polarized through the dynamic nuclear polarization method to serve as spin sources. With the vector magnetometer, the sought-after exotic interactions can be distinguished from the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction. For the axion-mediated interaction VPP, new upper bounds of the coupling |gPegPN| are expected within the force range from 10 nm to 100  μm. For the Z′-mediated interaction VAA, new upper bounds of the coupling |gAegAN| are expected within the force range from 10 nm to 1 cm. The new upper bounds for VPP and VAA are both expected to be more than 5 orders of magnitude more stringent than existing constraints at the force range of 1  μm with the total measurement time of 1 day.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Integrating three theories of 21st-century capitalism
Authors: Windsor Duane 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to help develop “business principles for stakeholder capitalism” in two steps. First, the study defines internal logic of three theories of capitalism and two variants within each theory. Second, it examines approaches to integration into modern democratic capitalism. Treating the three theories as substitutes identifies relative strengths and weaknesses; complementarity and partial overlap approaches to integration study the institutional settings within which stakeholder capitalism operates. Empirical outcomes reflect competition between market and stakeholder businesses for participants, with institutional conditions determining the scope of collective action.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach aligns three typologies in a unique conceptual arrangement defining the three theories of capitalism: forms of capitalism, potential failures of each form and associated types of goods. The first method examines the internal logic of each theory of capitalism. The second draws on traditional narrative review of references documenting each theory of capitalism and variants together with modern Marxist anti-capitalism.

Findings
Three typologies align uniquely with the theories of capitalism, each having two variants. Both variants of stakeholder capitalism are compatible with compassionate capitalism, constitutional government or polycentric governance but not with self-interest capitalism, dictatorship or Marxism. A theory of modern democratic capitalism allocates roles for private, club and social goods with empirically variable mixes occurring across countries. Competition among different types of enterprises provides an empirical test for comparative advantages of stakeholder capitalism. Future research should consider approaches for testing the proposed conceptual scheme in practice concerning capacity to deal with grand challenges, wicked problems and black swan events.

Research limitations/implications
Research approach is limited to logical examination of theories and literature documentation without direct empirical confirmation. The study does not address practical implications for managers and public officials or social implications concerning private incentives, stakeholder cooperation or collective action.

Originality/value
Originality lies in shifting terms of debate about stakeholder capitalism from advocacy of substitute theories to understanding of its relationship to market capitalism and collective action capitalism. Value lies in explaining desirability of theoretical integration of three types of capitalism into a comprehensive framework for modern democratic capitalism.
Predicting structure performance of urban critical infrastructure: an augmented attention-based LSTM model
Authors: Yu Gang , Li Zhiqiang , Zeng Ruochen , Jin Yucong , Hu Min , Sugumaran Vijayan 
Published: March 2024

PurposeAccurate prediction of the structural condition of urban critical infrastructure is crucial for predictive maintenance. However, the existing prediction methods lack precision due to limitations in utilizing heterogeneous sensing data and domain knowledge as well as insufficient generalizability resulting from limited data samples. This paper integrates implicit and qualitative expert knowledge into quantifiable values in tunnel condition assessment and proposes a tunnel structure prediction algorithm that augments a state-of-the-art attention-based long short-term memory (LSTM) model with expert rating knowledge to achieve robust prediction results to reasonably allocate maintenance resources.Design/methodology/approachThrough formalizing domain experts' knowledge into quantitative tunnel condition index (TCI) with analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a fusion approach using sequence smoothing and sliding time window techniques is applied to the TCI and time-series sensing data. By incorporating both sensing data and expert ratings, an attention-based LSTM model is developed to improve prediction accuracy and reduce the uncertainty of structural influencing factors.FindingsThe empirical experiment in Dalian Road Tunnel in Shanghai, China showcases the effectiveness of the proposed method, which can comprehensively evaluate the tunnel structure condition and significantly improve prediction performance.Originality/valueThis study proposes a novel structure condition prediction algorithm that augments a state-of-the-art attention-based LSTM model with expert rating knowledge for robust prediction of structure condition of complex projects.
Evaluation of forecasting models for improved passenger market management and rolling stock planning on Indian railways
Authors: Bhatia Vinod , Kalaivani K. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Indian railways (IR) is one of the largest railway networks in the world. As a part of its strategic development initiative, demand forecasting can be one of the indispensable activities, as it may provide basic inputs for planning and control of various activities such as coach production, planning new trains, coach augmentation and quota redistribution. The purpose of this study is to suggest an approach to demand forecasting for IR management.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study is carried out, wherein several models i.e. automated autoregressive integrated moving average (auto-ARIMA), trigonometric regressors (TBATS), Holt–Winters additive model, Holt–Winters multiplicative model, simple exponential smoothing and simple moving average methods have been tested. As per requirements of IR management, the adopted research methodology is predominantly discursive, and the passenger reservation patterns over a five-year period covering a most representative train service for the past five years have been employed. The relative error matrix and the Akaike information criterion have been used to compare the performance of various models. The Diebold–Mariano test was conducted to examine the accuracy of models.

Findings
The coach production strategy has been proposed on the most suitable auto-ARIMA model. Around 6,000 railway coaches per year have been produced in the past 3 years by IR. As per the coach production plan for the year 2023–2024, a tentative 6551 coaches of various types have been planned for production. The insights gained from this paper may facilitate need-based coach manufacturing and optimum utilization of the inventory.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on rail ticket demand forecasting and adds value to the process of rolling stock management. The proposed model can be a comprehensive decision-making tool to plan for new train services and assess the rolling stock production requirement on any railway system. The analysis may help in making demand predictions for the busy season, and the management can make important decisions about the pricing of services.
Resource sharing in Lebanese libraries in times of unprecedented disruptions
Authors: Chalhoub Carla , Farah Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to study the after-effects of the crises hit by the Lebanese population and the solutions implemented to alleviate the ensuing problems on resource sharing in Lebanese libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire to academic libraries. Nine libraries in Lebanon offer resource sharing services; all nine are academic. A self-administered questionnaire was sent to these nine libraries; eight responded. A semi-quantitative approach was used to analyze the responses. The questionnaire was administered through Microsoft Forms. The form was designed to include dichotomous questions for the sake of quantitative analysis and a short answer format that allowed responders to provide additional details. American University of Beirut Data. The access services department at the American University of Beirut Jafet Library compiles on a daily basis interlibrary loan statistics. The compiled data were divided into two groups: duration of two fiscal years prior to June 2020; and from June 2020 to June 2022. June 2020 was used as a cutoff date after which the interlibrary loan initiatives in response to COVID-19 were implemented. The services that were analyzed were RSCVD, OCLC WorldShare ILL profiled groups, Emergency Temporary Access Service for HathiTrust members and Open Access Services from vendors.

Findings
Libraries in Lebanon were able to continue providing resource-sharing services with a minimal budget due to four major initiatives and through the help of the international resource-sharing community.

Originality/value
Limited publication about inter library loan in Lebanese Libraries. The pandemic hit economies worldwide; however, Lebanon got hit by three synergetic crises, and the initiatives were instrumental in drastically reducing resource sharing expenditure without affecting the interlibrary loan fill rate.
Nexus between green human resource management practices and corporate social responsibility: does transformational leadership make difference?
Authors: Taamneh Mohammad M. , Al-Okaily Manaf , Abudoleh Jamal Daoud , Albdareen Rokaya , Taamneh Abdallah M. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between green human resource management (GHRM) and corporate social responsibility (CSR). In addition, this study also investigates how the impact of GHRM varies depending on the extent of transformational leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a quantitative approach, the sample consists of 376 employees who hold leadership positions in the academic body and those who work in human resources units at universities who won the Web Metric Award.

Findings
Results have shown that all GHRM practices were found to have a significant and positive effect on CSR. In addition, the findings revealed that transformational leadership positively moderates the relationship between GHRM and CSR.

Originality/value
The findings of this study contribute to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence of the positive relationship between GHRM practices, transformational leadership and CSR performance. In addition, the study highlights the moderating influence of transformational leadership on the relationship between GHRM and CSR, suggesting that transformational leadership can increase the efficacy of GHRM practices in promoting CSR outcomes.
Consumer response to the new normal: examining the role of anticipated recovery, smart governance and prosocial behavior in driving satisfaction
Authors: Dhir Amandeep , Madanaguli Arun , Jabeen Fauzia , Yahiaoui Dorra , Quaglia Roberto 
Published: March 2024

Purpose Drawing on the stimulus–organism–response framework, this study examined the environmental stimuli driving tourists' internal, or organismic, states. In addition, the authors investigated the association of the identified organismic variables with the response variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the study examined how the associations between tourists' anticipation of recovery and the national government's smart governance, on one hand, and tourists' desire to travel domestically, their attitude toward domestic travel and their willingness to exhibit prosocial behaviors, on the other, further drive the satisfaction they derive from domestic travel.Design/methodology/approach The authors used an online questionnaire to collect self-report, single-wave data from individuals residing in India, an emerging market (N = 421).Findings The findings demonstrate (1) the association of anticipated recovery on the desire to travel and prosocial behavior; (2) the association of smart governance on attitude (although negative); (3) the association of desire, attitude and prosocial behavior on satisfaction; and (4) the lack of any moderation effect for perceived severity.Originality/value This study is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of tourists' perceptions and dispositions and the efficacy of the national government on tourists' desire to travel domestically and on their satisfaction with domestic travel. The findings can help emerging market multinationals and global brands engage better with domestic consumers in emerging markets within the context of the current pandemic. In addition, the findings can help to prepare these players to handle future disruptions caused by global health contingencies.
Design and experiment of transmission tower climbing robot inspired by inchworm
Authors: Tang Shufeng , Kou Yongsheng , Zhao Guoqing , Zhang Huijie , Chang Hong , Zhang Xuewei , Zou Yunhe 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design a climbing robot connected by a connecting rod mechanism to achieve multi-functional tasks such as obstacles crossing and climbing of power transmission towers.

Design/methodology/approach
A connecting rod type gripper has been designed to achieve stable grasping of angle steel. Before grasping, use coordination between structures to achieve stable docking and grasping. By using the alternating movements of two claws and the middle climbing mechanism, the climbing and obstacle crossing of the angle steel were achieved.

Findings
Through a simple linkage mechanism, a climbing robot has been designed, greatly reducing the overall mass of the robot. It can also carry a load of 1 kg, and the climbing mechanism can perform stable climbing. The maximum step distance of the climbing robot is 543 mm, which can achieve the crossing of angle steel obstacles.

Originality/value
A transmission tower climbing mechanism was proposed by analyzing the working environment. Through the locking ability of the screw nut, stable clamping of the angle steel is achieved, and a pitch mechanism is designed to adjust the posture of the hand claw.
Early prediction models and crucial factor extraction for first-year undergraduate student dropouts
Authors: Huynh-Cam Thao-Trang , Chen Long-Sheng , Lu Tzu-Chuen 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to use enrollment information including demographic, family background and financial status, which can be gathered before the first semester starts, to construct early prediction models (EPMs) and extract crucial factors associated with first-year student dropout probability.Design/methodology/approachThe real-world samples comprised the enrolled records of 2,412 first-year students of a private university (UNI) in Taiwan. This work utilized decision trees (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP) and logistic regression (LR) algorithms for constructing EPMs; under-sampling, random oversampling and synthetic minority over sampling technique (SMOTE) methods for solving data imbalance problems; accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under ROC curve (AUC) for evaluating constructed EPMs.FindingsDT outperformed MLP and LR with accuracy (97.59%), precision (98%), recall (97%), F1_score (97%), and ROC-AUC (98%). The top-ranking factors comprised “student loan,” “dad occupations,” “mom educational level,” “department,” “mom occupations,” “admission type,” “school fee waiver” and “main sources of living.”Practical implicationsThis work only used enrollment information to identify dropout students and crucial factors associated with dropout probability as soon as students enter universities. The extracted rules could be utilized to enhance student retention.Originality/valueAlthough first-year student dropouts have gained non-stop attention from researchers in educational practices and theories worldwide, diverse previous studies utilized while-and/or post-semester factors, and/or questionnaires for predicting. These methods failed to offer universities early warning systems (EWS) and/or assist them in providing in-time assistance to dropouts, who face economic difficulties. This work provided universities with an EWS and extracted rules for early dropout prevention and intervention.