bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color doppler sonographic analysis of uterine and ovarian artery blood flow in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Özkan Sebiha , Vural Birol , Çalışkan Eray , Bodur Harika , Türköz Erkan , Vural Füsun 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPurpose.To study the blood flow patterns of utero‐ovarian circulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to assess their relationship with clinical, metabolic, and hormonal data.Methods.Forty‐three women with PCOS and 43 age‐matched healthy controls underwent Doppler examination of the utero‐ovarian circulation in the follicular phase. Demographic, hormonal, and metabolic parameters were determined. Student's t‐test, χ2‐test, and Spearman correlation test were used for statistical analysis.Results.The ovarian artery pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and SD ratios were significantly lower in PCOS than in controls on the right side (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, p = 0.001, respectively) as well as on the left side (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The uterine artery systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio was higher on both sides (p = 0.01) and the PI was higher on the left side (p = 0.02) in PCOS than in controls. The right uterine artery PI was positively correlated with luteinizing hormone and hemoglobin (r = 0.417, p = 0.043; r = 0.427, p = 0.033, respectively), the right uterine artery S/D was positively correlated with body mass index (r = 0.479, p = 0.015), and the left uterine artery PI was positively correlated with insulin (r = 0.458, p = 0.021).Conclusion.Doppler sonography of the utero‐ovarian circulation may contribute to the evaluation of PCOS patients and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this syndrome. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007
Ultrasound‐guided core needle biopsy of breast masses: How many cores are necessary to diagnose cancer?
Authors: de Lucena Clécio Ĕnio Murta , dos Santos Júnior João Lúcio , de Lima Resende César Alencar , do Amaral Vănia Fonseca , de Almeida Barra Alexandre , Reis Joño Henrique Pena 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPurpose.To investigate the number of cores required to diagnose breast cancer using ultrasound (US)‐guided core needle biopsy.Methods.US‐guided core biopsy of 150 masses was performed in 144 patients. For each mass, 6 cores were obtained and analyzed separately. The histopathologic diagnosis was classified as benign, malignant, or normal breast tissue. Each core was analyzed separately. For diagnostic purposes, the cases were grouped as follows: group G1 comprised the first core; group G2 comprised the first and second core; group G3 comprised the first 3 cores; up to group G6, which included all 6 cores. The results were also analyzed by tumor size (≤2 cm and >2 cm).Results.The sensitivity in the diagnosis of breast cancer was 90.1% in group G1 and 94.1% in the remaining groups (G2–G6). In tumors ≤2 cm, the sensitivity was 88.4% for group G1 and 90.7% for the others, whereas for tumors >2 cm the sensitivity was 91.4% for group G1 and 96.6% when 2 or more cores were obtained.Conclusion.It appears that 2 cores are sufficient to diagnose breast cancer in this study population assuming no technical error occurred in US guidance of the needle through the mass. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2007
Inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor and chromogranin B are concentrated in different regions of the hippocampus
Authors: Nicolay Nils H. , Hertle Daniel , Boehmerle Wolfgang , Heidrich Felix M. , Yeckel Mark , Ehrlich Barbara E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCalcium (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores plays a crucial role in many cellular functions in the brain. These intracellular signals have been shown to be transmitted within and between cells. We report a non‐uniform distribution of proteins essential for Ca2+ signaling in acutely prepared brain slice preparations and organotypic slice cultures, both made from rat hippocampus. The Type I inositol‐1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R1) is the main InsP3R subtype in neurons. Immunohistochemistry experiments showed a prominent expression of InsP3R1 in the CA1 region of the hippocampus whereas the CA3 region and dentate gyrus (DG) showed only moderate immunoreactivity. In contrast, chromogranin B (CGB), a protein binding to the InsP3R1 on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticular membrane was enriched in the CA3 region whereas DG and the CA1 region showed only faint CGB signals. The neuronal kinases leading to the formation of inositol‐1,4,5 trisphosphate (InsP3), phosphatidylinositol‐4‐kinase (PI4K), and phosphatidylinositol‐4‐phosphate‐5‐kinase (PIPK), showed strong immunoreactivity throughout all hippocampal cell fields with differences in the subcellular distribution. Moreover, a distinct band of strong CGB and PIPK immunoreactivity was observed in the CA3 region that coincides with the mossy fiber tract (stratum lucidum). These data show differential expression of the components of the signaling toolkit leading to InsP3‐mediated Ca2+ release in cells of the hippocampus. The regulation of these differences may play an important role in various neuropathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, or schizophrenia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between dislocation, impingement, and articular geometry in retrieved acetabular polyethylene cups
Authors: Tanino Hiromasa , Harman Melinda K. , Banks Scott A. , Hodge W. Andrew 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe used a novel analysis technique and retrieved acetabular polyethylene liners to investigate relationships between impingement damage, dislocation history, and polyethylene liner geometry. Forty‐eight polyethylene liners with neutral rim elevation were visually assessed for peripheral rim damage consistent with impingement between the liner rim and femoral component. Liner articular geometry was measured using a digital stylus, and the geometric relationships between the liner rim and center of the femoral head were characterized by lip height, head center inset, and head penetration into the polyethylene liner. Thirteen (27%) retrieved liners had rim impingement damage and 12 (25%) had a history of dislocation. The proportion of liners with impingement was not significantly different among dislocated and stable liners. Lip height, head center inset, and head penetration were not significantly different between liners with and without impingement damage. Dislocated liners had a significantly shorter head center inset, with significantly less head penetration because of shorter functional duration. Designing polyethylene liners with a sufficiently deep articular surface that exceeds 0.95 mm may prove beneficial for decreasing the prevalence of early dislocation, independent of impingement damage. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:1401–1407, 2007
In vitrodegradation of 10 mono‐ and sesquiterpenes of plant origin by caprine rumen micro‐organisms
Authors: Broudiscou Laurent‐Philippe , Cornu Agnès , Rouzeau Annie 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe extent of disappearance of 10 mono‐ and sesquiterpenes in presence of mixed rumen micro‐organisms has been measured in 24‐h batch cultures. The molecules that were tested are frequently found in the plants consumed by ruminants in highland pastures (limonene, β‐myrcene, β‐ocimene, α‐pinene, sabinene, γ‐terpinene and thymol) or are potential markers of the diet (camphene, β‐caryophyllene and α‐copaene). All terpenes were tested at 2 µL mL−1, except α‐copaene and thymol, which were tested at 0.9 µL mL−1and 2 mg mL−1, respectively. Camphene and thymol were not degraded to a significant extent. The disappearance of part of β‐caryophyllene, (−)‐limonene and γ‐terpinene could not be attributed to the direct action of rumen micro‐organisms but rather than to an effect of the extracellular medium. In contrast, a third group of one sesquiterpene (α‐copaene) and four monoterpenes (myrcene, β‐ocimene, α‐pinene and sabinene) was extensively degraded by rumen micro‐organisms, at rates of 1.6, 4.5, 3.5, 4.8 and 5.4 µmol mL−1inoculum day−1, respectively. The preliminary exposure of rumen micro‐organisms to a specific blend of essential oils compounds, containing mainly thymol, guajacol and limonene, increased the extent of disappearance of γ‐terpinene only. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Establishment of the varietal volatile profile of musts from white Vitis vinifera L. varieties
Authors: Rocha Sílvia M , Coutinho Paula , Barros António , Delgadillo Ivonne , Coimbra Manuel A 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMusts from four white Vitis vinifera L. varieties of Bairrada Appellation (Fernão‐Pires, Bical, Cerceal and Arinto) were analysed over two harvests (1998 and 1999). The free volatile components were extracted using a liquid–liquid continuous method and were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The potential volatile compounds (PVC) were determined after a heat treatment followed by an enzymatic treatment. The PVC fraction contained the compounds released by the enzymes from the glycosidically linked components plus the compounds produced by the heat treatment at the must pH (3.2) as well as compounds arising from the thermal degradation of sugars. Based on three varietal chemical groups, namely terpenoids, C13 norisoprenoids and aromatic alcohols, the volatile profile of each of the four varieties was established, which allowed their aroma potential to be defined. Fernão‐Pires exhibited a profile significantly different from those of the other varieties, with a higher number and concentration of volatile compounds. As a consequence of the fact that the four varieties exhibit different volatile composition patterns (different components and different distributions between free and PVC forms), winemaking technologies should be specifically developed for each variety for the improvement of wine aroma quality. Owing to the complexity of the data, including the harvest effect, a contrast data pre‐treatment was applied before the utilisation of principal component analysis. The results suggest that it is possible to establish markers (volatiles) for the characterisation of must varieties independently of the harvest effect. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of root zone pH and form and concentration of nitrogen on accumulation of quality‐related components in green tea
Authors: Ruan Jianyun , Gerendás Joska , Härdter Rolf , Sattelmacher Burkhard 
Published: April 2007

AbstractGreen tea quality is greatly influenced by concentrations of free amino acids, polyphenols (mainly catechins) and caffeine. The present study investigated the principal relationship between selected nutritional factors (form and concentration of N supply, root zone pH) and accumulation of these quality‐related components of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.)) plants. Tea plants were hydroponically cultured with NH$_{4}^{+}$, NO$_{3}^{-}$ and NH$_{4}^{+} +$ NO$_{3}^{-}$ at pH 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 in one experiment and supplied with varying N concentrations (0.75, 2.0 and 4.5 mmol L−1, NH$_{4}^{+}$/NO−3 = 3:1) in another experiment. Concentrations of free amino acids were considerably higher in NH$_{4}^{+}$‐ than in NO$_{3}^{-}$‐fed plants. This was attributed to the much greater absorption of NH$_{4}^{+}$ compared with NO$_{3}^{-}$. Furthermore, the relative allocation of absorbed N to free amino acids, particularly theanine and glutamine, was substantially increased by NH$_{4}^{+}$ nutrition, suggesting that NH$_{4}^{+}$ was more readily assimilated than NO$_{3}^{-}$ into theanine. The concentration of caffeine was increased in NH$_{4}^{+}$‐ and (NH$_{4}^{+} +$ NO$_{3}^{-}$)‐supplied plants, whereas concentrations of catechins were reduced in (NH$_{4}^{+} +$ NO$_{3}^{-}$)‐fed plants. Root zone pH did not influence concentrations of most free amino acids in young shoots, with the exception of theanine, which increased at low pH (4.0) irrespective of N form; this likely stemmed from an accumulation effect, as growth decreased more strongly than N absorption. Raising the N supply increased plant N allocation to free amino acids. The increase was most striking for arginine, while theanine was only marginally affected. This may have adverse consequences for green tea quality, as less favourable taste characteristics have been attributed to arginine. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterization of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase from peach mesocarp (Prunus persica L. cv. Babygold)
Authors: Jiménez‐Atiénzar Mercedes , Pedreño María A , Caballero Nuria , Cabanes Juana , García‐Carmona Francisco 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe two enzymes involved in enzymatic browning reactions—polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD)—were extracted from peach fruit mesocarp. PPO was mainly located in the membrane fraction and was in its latent state. However, POD activity was found in the soluble fraction. The kinetic characterization of PPO and POD was carried out with a natural substrate (chlorogenic acid) and with a non‐physiological substrate. Under native isoelectric focusing (IEF), several PPO isoenzymes were present in the pH range 5.4–5.8. A partially denaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) showed the presence of two active bands with apparent molecular masses of 49 and 50 kDa. A totally denaturing SDS‐PAGE indicated the presence of a single polypeptide with a molecular mass of 60 kDa, as revealed by western blot. POD was also analyzed by IEF, showing the presence of two strongly basic isoenzymes, which were resolved by cationic native PAGE into two different bands. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Short‐term anoxia treatment maintains tissue energy levels and membrane integrity and inhibits browning of harvested litchi fruit
Authors: Liu Hai , Song Lili , Jiang Yueming , Joyce Daryl C , Zhao Mouming , You Yanli , Wang Yong 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPericarp browning is the main limitation to the postharvest storage, handling and marketing life of litchi fruit. Pre‐storage treatment with pure N2 gas is potentially effective in reducing skin browning and maintaining eating quality of litchis. To better understand inhibition of pericarp browning by a short period of anoxia, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) levels, adenylate energy charge and membrane permeability were investigated. Litchi fruit were exposed to pure N2 gas for 6 h and then kept in closed but vented containers for 6 days in the dark at 25 °C and 95–100% relative humidity. Changes in the mentioned fruit physiology and biochemistry parameters and in browning index were measured. ATP concentration and adenylate energy charge decreased rapidly and membrane permeability (relative leakage) increased gradually during storage. Fruit exposed to N2 gas exhibited higher concentrations of ATP, ADP and AMP and adenylate energy charge levels, and lower levels of browning index and membrane permeability, compared to control (non‐N2‐treated) fruit. Greater differences in ATP and ADP concentrations and adenylate energy charge levels of pericarp tissues between N2‐treated and control fruit were more manifest after 4 and 6 days of storage, in association with significant differences at the 5% level in the pericarp browning index. It is suggested that pre‐storage anoxia treatment maintains membrane integrity of pericarp tissues, with high ATP and ADP concentrations and high adenylate energy charge levels. Thus, the loss of cellular compartmentalization (mixing of enzymes and substrates) that leads to enzymatic browning of litchi fruit pericarp is delayed. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Zur Abschätzung der charakteristischen Funktion einer Summe zufälliger Vektoren
Authors: Paditz Ludwig 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAusgangspunkt der Betrachtungen sind Fehlerabschätzungen im mehrdimensionalen zentralen Grenzwertsatz, die auf dem bekannten LJAPUNOV‐BruchLnbasieren. Bei der Ableitung derartiger Fehlerschranken wird von der grundlegenden FallunterscheidungLn≦ δk(s. (3)) undLn> δk(s. 12) ausgegangen. Nach einer Diskussion verschiedener in der Literatur benutzter Größen δk(.)(s. (16), (17)) werden für den FallLn≦ δk(Satz 1) undLn< ∞ (Sätze 2 und 3) Fehlerabschätzungen für die Differenz von charakteristischen Funktionen, die bei den Untersuchungen zum zentralen Grenzwertsatz auftritt, abgeleitet. Die dabei auftretenden absoluten Konstanten werden genau bestimmt. Es ergeben sich Verallgemeinerungen bekannter Abschätzungen für die charakteristische Funktion einer Summe unabhängiger Zufallsgrößen bzw. zufälliger Vektoren.
Topologies of the Hyperspace which Are Induced by Extension Spaces
Authors: Schmidt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe hyperspace of all nonvoid closed subsets of a topological space will be topologized by means of different methods; each of them generalizes known definitions of special hyperspace topologies. One method uses the VIETORIS topology in the hyperspaces of certain extension spaces. Another one uses certain systems of closed subsets and leads to just the same class of hyperspace topologies. In natural order VIETORIS topology is the supremum of this class, and for locally compact spaces FLACHSMEYER topology is the infimum of this class.
Hyperbolicity of Closed Orbits Determined by One Function
Authors: Langer O. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFlows on Rn are considered whose vector fields can be represented by a composition Rn→R1→Rn. Thus these vector fields and flows are determined by elements of Cr(Rn, R) × Cr(R, Rn). Vector fields of this and similar kind occur in ecological models. In general these flows have no rest point. We consider the problem how general is the property that closed orbits are hyperbolic and therefore stable under perturbations of the vector field. It is shown that in the restricted class of the vector fields described above generically all closed orbits are hyperbolic. This means that the theorem of KUPKA and SMALE holds partielly in this situation.
Über eindimensionale Elemente linearer Algebren und einige algebraische Eigenschaften eines elementaren Operators
Authors: Synnatzschke J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractEindimensionale Operatoren als einfachste Elemente wichtiger umfassenderer Operatorenklassen wurden bisher auf mehrere Weisen abstrakt für verschiedene Kategorien von Algebren definiert. wir greifen hieraus auf den Begriff des eindimensionalen Elementes zurück. In § 1 werden einige einfache Eigenschaften eindimensionaler Elemente aufgeführt. In § 2 werden lineare Algebren betrachtet, deren Menge eindimensionaler Elemente in einem bestimmten Sinne hinlänglich umfangreich ist. Es erweist sich, daß aus der Theorie der BANACH‐Algebren bekannte Beziehungen zwischen minimalen Idempotenten und minimalen Idealen ihr Analogon in solchen Algebren haben (Theorem 2.2) und ein Darstellungssatz (Theorem 2.6) gültig ist, der ebenfalls sein Vorbild in der Theorie der BANACHSCHEN und C*‐Algebren hat. In § 3 schließlich wird der elementare Operator z → bizci betrachtet, dessen Spezialfälle der bekannte und intensiv untersuchte Operator →bc: z bz– zc und insbesondere die innere Derivation δb: z bz – zb sind. Eine Aussage bei C. K. FONG und A. R. SOUROUR [5: Theorem 1], die dort eine Ausgangsschlüsselstellung einnimmt, wird auf lineare Algebren mit hinreichend vielen eindimensionalen Elementen über‐tragen und gestattet deshalb auch die Übertragung auf solche Algebren einer ganzen Reihe weiterer, dort für BANACH‐Algebren aufgezeigter Beziehungen algebraischen Charakters. Da sich mit den Fakten auch weitgehend deren Beweise übertragen lassen, werden wir uns dazu meistens auf wenige Kommentare beschränken.
On an Approximate Solution of Variational Inequalities
Authors: Kačur Jozef 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBy means of time discretization, we approximate evolution variational inequalities by the corresponding elliptic variational inequalities. Using ROTHE'S method (method of lines), an approximate solution is constructed by means of direct variational methods. Existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions as well as convergence of the approximate solutions are proved.
Development and applications of surface‐activated chemical ionization
Authors: Cristoni Simone , Rubini Simone , Bernardi Luigi Rossi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis review regards the recently developed ionization source named surface‐activated chemical ionization (SACI) that employs an interaction with a surface placed at low voltage for the activation of the ionization of sample molecules to increase the sensitivity in the analysis of various compounds of biological and clinical interest. These results are due to the strong chemical noise decrease and the increase of ionization efficiency. This ionization source has been employed for the analysis of various compounds of different molecular mass and polarity (addicted and pharmaceutical drugs, aminoacids, steroids, peptides, and proteins). The SACI development theoretical mechanism, benefits, disadvantages, applications, and future developments are reported and discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 26:645–656, 2007
Structural Organization and Properties of Syndiotactic Polystyrene Gels
Authors: Daniel Christophe 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this manuscript, the structural organization of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) gels is reviewed with particular emphasis on the structure of molecular complexes (clathrates and intercalates) formed in sPS gels. Hereafter, results concerning macroscopic properties such as the rheological behaviour and the light transparency are reported and discussed on the basis of the gel molecular organization.
Thermo‐Responsive PNIPAAm Copolymers with Hydrophobic Spacers
Authors: Stoica Florentina , F. Miller Aline , Alexander Cameron , Saiani Alberto 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe have synthesised and characterised three sets of acryloyl(amino‐acid)/NIPAAm co‐polymers. Three different co‐monomers were synthesised and copolymerized with N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) by free radical polymerization in different molar ratios (12:1, 9:1, and 6:1). All series contain aliphatic spacers and are carboxylic terminated. The effect of co‐monomer nature and content on the glass transition and the LCST transition in solution has been investigated. The main factor affecting the glass transition and the LCST of the polymer was found to be the side chain length of the co‐monomer. The introduction of the co‐monomer resulted in an overall increase in the polymer hydrophobicity which led to a decrease of both the polymer glass transition and the LCST transition observed in solution.
Gelation of a Model Globular Protein
Authors: Yan Hui , Saiani Alberto , Miller Aline F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractHen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) was exposed to various physical and chemical denaturing environments to encourage protein denaturation and consequent gelation. Its phase behavior was examined as a function of pH, temperature and also in the presence of the reductant dithiothreitol (DTT). Transparent viscoelastic gels form at low pH values while opaque gels form under alkaline conditions. No increase in viscosity was observed for systems in pure water unless 20 mM of DTT was added, which is known to break the disulfide bridges present in HEWL. The microstructure of the gel was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Gels formed at low pH contain fibrils ∼10 nm in diameter with various lengths while at high pH the gels are dominated by particulate aggregates. Thinner fibrils that are 4–6 nm in diameter are observed in the gels formed in the presence of DTT. In this case the distinct feature of the gels is they are thermoreversible and can be melted and reformed easily by varying the temperature.