bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Cedirogant in Healthy Japanese and Chinese Adults
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed‐Eslam F , Qian Yuli , D'Cunha Ronilda , Hao Shuai , Carcereri De Prati Roberto , Levy Gweneth F , Hew Kinjal , Liu Wei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCedirogant is an inverse agonist of retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor gamma, thymus (RORγt) developed for treatment of psoriasis. This study aimed to characterize pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tolerability of cedirogant following a single oral dose in Japanese participants and multiple oral doses in Japanese and Chinese participants. The single doses evaluated in healthy Japanese participants were 75, 225, and 395 mg. The multiple doses evaluated in both healthy Japanese and Chinese participants was 375 mg once daily for 14 days. Cedirogant plasma exposure increased dose proportionally with administration of single doses. Maximum cedirogant plasma concentration was reached within a median time of 4‐5 hours after dosing. The harmonic mean elimination half‐life ranged from 19 to 25 hours. Cedirogant pharmacokinetics were similar between Japanese and Chinese participants. Compared with healthy Western participants in a cross‐study analysis, steady‐state cedirogant plasma exposure was 38%‐73% higher in Japanese or Chinese participants. Ex vivo interleukin‐17 inhibition increased in a dose‐dependent manner and was maximized by 375 mg once‐daily doses. The cedirogant regimens tested were generally well tolerated, and no new safety issues were identified. The results supported enrollment of Japanese and Chinese subjects in subsequent clinical trials for cedirogant.
Exploration of the individual and combined effects of predictors of engagement, dropout, and change from digital interventions for recurrent binge eating
Authors: Linardon Jake , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveOur ability to predict responsiveness to digital interventions for eating disorders has thus far been poor, potentially for three reasons: (1) there has been a narrow set of predictors explored; (2) prediction has mostly focused on symptom change, ignoring other aspects of the user journey (uptake, early engagement); and (3) there is an excessive focus on the unique effects of predictors rather than the combined contributions of a predictor set. We evaluated the univariate and multivariate effects of outcome predictors in the context of a randomized trial (n = 398) of digitally delivered interventions for recurrent binge eating.MethodThirty baseline variables were selected as predictors, ranging from specific symptoms, to key protective factors, to technological acceptance, and to online treatment attitudes. Outcomes included uptake, early engagement, and remission. Univariate (d) and multivariate (D) standardized mean differences were calculated to estimate the individual and combined effects of predictors, respectively.ResultsAt the univariate level, few predictors produced an effect size larger than what is considered small (d > .20) across outcomes. However, our multivariate approach enhanced prediction (Ds = .65 to 1.12), producing accuracy rates greater than chance (63%–71% accuracy). Less than half of the chosen variables proved to be useful in contributing to predictions in multivariate models.ConclusionFindings suggest that accuracy in outcome prediction from digitally delivered interventions may be better driven by the aggregation of many small effects rather than one or several largely influential predictors. Replication with different data streams (sensor, neuroimaging) would be useful.Public SignificanceOur ability to predict who will and will not benefit from digital interventions for eating disorders has been poor. We highlight the viability of a multivariate approach to outcome prediction, whereby prediction may be better driven by the aggregation of many small effects rather than one or a few influential predictors.
Fewer bowl traps and more hand netting can increase effective number of bee species and reduce excessive captures
Authors: Larson Diane L. , Pennarola Nora , Leone Julia B. , Larson Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReports increasingly point to substantial declines in wild bee abundance and diversity, yet there is uncertainty about how best to measure these attributes in wild bee populations. Two commonly used methods are passive trapping with bee bowls or active netting of bees on flowers, but each of these has drawbacks. Comparing the outcomes of the two methods is complicated by their uncomparable units of effort. The abundance distribution of bee species is also typically highly skewed, making it difficult to accurately assess diversity when rarer species are unlikely to be caught. The effective number of species, or Hill numbers, provides a way forward by basing the response metric on the number of equally abundant species. Our goal is to compare the effective number of bee species captured between hand netting and bowl trapping in wheatgrass prairie in South Dakota and tallgrass prairie in Minnesota, USA. Species overlap between the two methods ranged from ~40% to ~60%. Emphasis placed on rare species was important, so that 95% confidence limits overlapped between the two methods for species richness but netting exceeded trapping for Shannon's and Simpson's diversities. Netting always captured more bee species with fewer bee individuals than trapping. In most cases, the number of bees captured in bowl traps indicated substantial over‐sampling, with little increase in bee species detected. Correlations between bee and floral abundance, richness, and diversity differed between netted and trapped samples. We conclude that netting and trapping together produce a more complete account of species richness, but shifting sampling emphasis from trapping to netting will result in fewer bees, but more bee species captured. Due to the different relationships between bee and floral diversities that depended on sampling method, it is unwise to compare habitat associations determined by netting with those determined by trapping.
Study on open‐hole extended‐reach limit in horizontal drilling with wavy wellbore trajectory
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chen Yufei , Wu Wenxin , Zhang Hui , Ma Dexin , Lu Zongyu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrilling a series of sinuous wellbore trajectories has emerged as a promising operation, offering significant advantages in enhancing reservoir contact. Based on various development cases (Zili and colleagues), it has been observed that horizontal wells with wavy wellbore trajectories tend to exhibit higher production rates. However, extending the length of these wavy trajectories requires careful consideration in terms of safe drilling practices, as the pressure management associated with these intricate trajectories has been seldom explored. In this study, we establish a modified model for annular pressure to predict and assess the open‐hole extend‐reach limit of horizontal wells with wavy wellbore trajectories. The introduced model incorporates dry friction force and annular geometry influenced by cuttings bed, making it more accurate than traditional models based on experimental observations. The wavy wellbore trajectory comprises three types: the up‐dip wellbore, the down‐dip wellbore, and the complex wellbore. Overall, the horizontal interval limits for the down‐dip wellbore and up‐dip wellbore are smaller than those of the corresponding smooth wellbores under varying factors. Notably, the complex wellbore trajectory offers advantages in navigating formations with narrow pressure windows compared to conventionally horizontal wellbores (smooth wellbores), thanks to its longer extended‐reach limit.
Adult epithelioid glioblastoma exhibits an extremely poor prognosis and high frequency of SWI/SNF complex mutation: Insights from a retrospective study
Authors: Xi Shaoyan , Jiang Shimeng , Li Hainan , Huang Qitao , Lu Jiabin , Zhang Xing , Li Zhi , Zeng Jing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEpithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) is a rare subtype of GBM. Given the update of the definition of GBM, the understanding of the molecular characteristics and prognosis of “true” adult eGBM remains limited. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological data of 39 adult eGBM cases. Adult eGBM primarily affected females, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:2.3. The average age of diagnosis was 53 years, and the tumor affected the temporal lobe in 41% of cases (16/39, 41%). Microscopically, the tumors consisted mainly or entirely of epithelioid cells. Perivascular infiltration (10/39, 25.6%) and leptomeningeal dissemination (7/39, 17.9%) were not uncommon. BRAF V600E mutation was detected in 40.9% of cases (n = 9/22). Next‐generation sequencing revealed that CDKN2A/B homogeneous deletion was the most frequently mutated gene (8/10, 80%), followed by TERT promoter mutation (7/10, 70%), Cyclin‐dependent kinases 4 or 6 (CDK4/6) amplification (5/10, 50%) and BRAF V600E mutation (50%, 5/10). Notably, the incidence of ARID1B mutation in eGBM was 50% (5/10), representing the first report of such a mutation in this subtype of GBM. ARID1B was known to be a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler. Chromosome analysis showed a 7+/10‐ signature in 90% (9/10) cases. Adult eGBM carried a dismal prognosis compared to GBM with IDH and H3 wild‐type (typical GBM) (OS: 13.89 vs 24.30 months; P = .003) and even typical GBM without MGMT promoter methylation (OS: 13.89 vs 22.08 months; P = .036). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that adult eGBM harbors a high frequency of the 7+/10− signature and alterations in the MAPK pathway, SWI/SNF complex and cyclin‐related genes and portends an extremely poor prognosis.
CerviFormer: A pap smear‐based cervical cancer classification method using cross‐attention and latent transformer
Authors: Deo Bhaswati Singha , Pal Mayukha , Panigrahi Prasanta K. , Pradhan Asima 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the primary causes of death in women. It should be diagnosed early and treated according to the best medical advice, similar to other diseases, to ensure that its effects are as minimal as possible. Pap smear images are one of the most constructive ways for identifying this type of cancer. This study proposes a cross‐attention‐based Transfomer approach for the reliable classification of cervical cancer in pap smear images. In this study, we propose the CerviFormer‐a model that depends on the Transformers and thereby requires minimal architectural assumptions about the size of the input data. The model uses a cross‐attention technique to repeatedly consolidate the input data into a compact latent Transformer module, which enables it to manage very large‐scale inputs. We evaluated our model on two publicly available pap smear datasets. For 3‐state classification on the Sipakmed data, the model achieved an accuracy of 96.67%. For 2‐state classification on the Herlev data, the model achieved an accuracy of 94.57%. Experimental results on two publicly accessible datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves competitive results when compared to contemporary approaches. The proposed method brings forth a comprehensive classification model to detect cervical cancer in pap smear images. This may aid medical professionals in providing better cervical cancer treatment, consequently, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the entire testing process.
A novel porous titanium with engineered surface for bone defect repair in load‐bearing position
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Dong , He Guo , Li Tingting , Zhang Xianlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPorous titanium exhibits low elastic modulus and porous structure is thought to be a promising implant in bone defect repair. However, the bioinert and low mechanical strength of porous titanium have limited its clinical application, especially in load‐bearing bone defect repair. Our previous study has reported an infiltration casting and acid corrosion (IC‐AC) method to fabricate a novel porous titanium (pTi) with 40% porosity and 0.4 mm pore diameter, which exerts mechanical property matching with cortical bone and interconnected channels. In this study, we introduced a nanoporous coating and incorporated an osteogenic element strontium (Sr) on the surface of porous titanium (named as Sr‐micro arch oxidation [MAO]) to improve the osteogenic ability of the pTi by MAO. Better biocompatibility of Sr‐MAO was verified by cell adhesion experiment and cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) test. The in vitro osteogenic‐related tests such as immunofluorescence staining, alkaline phosphatase staining and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) demonstrated better osteogenic ability of Sr‐MAO. Femoral bone defect repair model was employed to evaluate the osseointegration of samples in vivo. Results of micro‐CT scanning, sequential fluorochrome labeling and Van Gieson staining suggested that Sr‐MAO showed better in vivo osteogenic ability than other groups. Taking results of both in vitro and in vivo experiment together, this study indicated the Sr‐MAO porous titanium could be a promising implant load‐bearing bone defect.
Fabrication of vascularized tissue‐engineered bone models using triaxial bioprinting
Authors: Zhang Junbiao , Suttapreyasri Srisurang , Leethanakul Chidchanok , Samruajbenjakun Bancha 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBone tissue is a highly vascularized tissue. When constructing tissue‐engineered bone models, both the osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities of the construct should be carefully considered. However, fabricating a vascularized tissue‐engineered bone to promote vascular formation and bone generation, while simultaneously establishing nutrition channels to facilitate nutrient exchange within the constructs, remains a significant challenge. Triaxial bioprinting, which not only allows the independent encapsulation of different cell types while simultaneously forming nutrient channels, could potentially emerge as a strategy for fabricating vascularized tissue‐engineered bone. Moreover, bioinks should also be applied in combination to promote both osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In this study, employing triaxial bioprinting, we used a blend bioink of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), sodium alginate (Alg), and different concentrations of nano beta‐tricalcium phosphate (nano β‐TCP) encapsulated MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblasts as the outer layer, a mixed bioink of GelMA and Alg loaded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as the middle layer, and gelatin as a sacrificial material to form nutrient channels in the inner layer to fabricate vascularized bone constructs simulating the microenvironment for bone and vascular tissues. The results showed that the addition of nano β‐TCP could adjust the mechanical, swelling, and degradation properties of the constructs. Biological assessments revealed the cell viability of constructs containing different concentrations of nano β‐TCP was higher than 90% on day 7, The cell‐laden constructs containing 3% (w/v) nano β‐TCP exhibited better osteogenic (higher Alkaline phosphatase activity and larger Osteocalcin positive area) and angiogenic (the gradual increased CD31 positive area) potential. Therefore, using triaxial bioprinting technology and employing GelMA, Alg, and nano β‐TCP as bioink components could fabricate vascularized bone tissue constructs, offering a novel strategy for vascularized bone tissue engineering.
Testing the Domain Specificity of Creativity with Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale: A Meta‐Analytic Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Acar Selcuk , Cevik Emel , Fesli Emily , Bozkurt Rumeysa Nalan , Kaufman James C. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTDomain‐specificity is a topic of debate within the field of creativity. To shed light on this issue, we conducted a meta‐analysis of cross‐domain correlations based on the Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale (K‐DOCS). To evaluate the model fit of one general factor versus two factors that encompass the primary K‐DOCS subscales (Scholarly, Everyday, Artistic, Scientific, and Performance), we employed the one‐stage meta‐analytic structural equation modeling (OSMASEM) approach. Poor fit of these models would provide evidence of domain‐specificity, as the proposed models would not outperform the independence model. Our analysis included 45 correlation matrices from 30 studies, with a total sample size of 31,136 participants. The results provided support for a general domain of creativity, as well as a two‐factor solution consisting of Arts and Sciences factors. Among the subscales, the highest correlation was found between the Artistic and Performance domains (r = .478), while the smallest correlation was observed between the Everyday and Scientific domains (r = .178). Furthermore, moderator analyses incorporating age and gender revealed that the Scientific and Everyday subscales exhibited a stronger factor load in older participants compared to younger participants. Implications are discussed for research and practice.
Estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in adults with severe burns: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Yiran , Jiang Jing , Liu Meixuan , Liu Huan , Shen Tao , Han Chunmao , Wang Xingang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany equations to estimate the resting energy expenditure (REE) of patients with burns are currently available, but which of them provides the best guide to optimize nutrition support is controversial. This review examined the bias and precision of commonly used equations in patients with severe burns.MethodsA systematic search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was undertaken on June 1, 2023, to identify studies comparing predicted REE (using equations) with measured REE (by indirect calorimetry [IC]) in adults with severe burns. Meta‐analyses of bias and calculations of precisions were performed in each predictive equation, respectively.ResultsNine eligible studies and 12 eligible equations were included. Among the equations, the Toronto equation had the lowest bias (26.1 kcal/day; 95% CI, −417.0 to 469.2), followed by the Harris‐Benedict equation × 1.5 (1.5HB) and the Milner equation. The Ireton‐Jones equation (303.4 kcal/day; 95% CI, 224.5–382.3) acceptably overestimated the REE. The accuracy of all of the equations was <50%. The Ireton‐Jones equation had the relatively highest precision (41.2%), followed by the 1.5HB equation (37.0%) and the Toronto equation (34.7%).ConclusionFor adult patients with severe burns, all of the commonly used equations for the prediction of REE are inaccurate. It is recommended to use IC for accurate REE measurements and to use the Toronto equation, 1.5HB equation, or Ireton‐Jones equation as a reference when IC is not available. Further studies are needed to propose more accurate REE predictive models.
Super‐Resolution Ultrasound Imaging for Monitoring the Therapeutic Efficacy of a Vascular Disrupting Agent in an Animal Model of Breast Cancer
Authors: Hoyt Kenneth 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveEvaluate the use of super‐resolution ultrasound (SRUS) imaging for the early detection of tumor response to treatment using a vascular‐disrupting agent (VDA).MethodsA population of 28 female nude athymic mice (Charles River Laboratories) were implanted with human breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231, ATCC) in the mammary fat pad and allowed to grow. Ultrasound imaging was performed using a Vevo 3100 scanner (FUJIFILM VisualSonics Inc) equipped with the MX250 linear array transducer immediately before and after receiving bolus injections of a microbubble (MB) contrast agent (Definity, Lantheus Medical Imaging) via the tail vein. Following baseline ultrasound imaging, VDA drug (combretastatin A4 phosphate, CA4P, Sigma Aldrich) or control saline was injected via the placed catheter. After 4 or 24 hours, repeat ultrasound imaging along the same tumor cross‐section occurred. Direct intratumoral pressure measurements were obtained using a calibrated sensor. All raw ultrasound data were saved for offline processing and SRUS image reconstruction using custom MATLAB software (MathWorks Inc). From a region encompassing the tumor space and the entire postprocessed ultrasound image sequence, time MB count (TMC) curves were generated in addition to traditional SRUS maps reflecting MB enumeration at each pixel location. Peak enhancement (PE) and wash‐in rate (WIR) were extracted from these TMC curves. At termination, intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was quantified using tomato lectin labeling of patent blood vessels.ResultsSRUS images exhibited a clear difference between control and treated tumors. While there was no difference in any group parameters at baseline (0 hour, P > .09), both SRUS‐derived PE and WIR measurements in tumors treated with VDA exhibited significant decreases by 4 (P = .03 and P = .05, respectively) and 24 hours (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively), but not in control group tumors (P > .22). Similarly, SRUS derived microvascular maps were not different at baseline (P = .81), but measures of vessel density were lower in treated tumors at both 4 and 24 hours (P < .04). An inverse relationship between intratumoral pressure and both PE and WIR parameters were found in control tumors (R2 > .09, P < .03).ConclusionSRUS imaging is a new modality for assessing tumor response to treatment using a VDA.
Obesity does not impact complications and conversion to total knee arthroplasty after high tibial osteotomy: A systematic review
Authors: Harris Chandler , Nadeem Fahad , Hargreaves Mathew , Campbell Collier , Momaya Amit , Casp Aaron 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this systematic review is to consolidate outcomes of obese patients undergoing high tibial osteotomy and to investigate the effect of obesity on postoperative outcomes, including symptomatic relief and time to conversion to arthroplasty.MethodsMedline, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from database inception up to April 2023 according to PRISMA guidelines by two reviewers. Search terms including ‘obesity’, ‘BMI’, ‘osteotomy’ and ‘high tibial osteotomy (HTO)’ were included to identify all relevant articles. Only studies that explicitly reported outcomes for obese patients were included. Disagreements in study inclusion or quality assessment were resolved by a senior third reviewer. Metrics compared include time to arthroplasty, preoperative and postoperative mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA), patient‐reported satisfaction scores and postoperative complications.ResultsNine studies comparing 973 patients were included. The mean age was 52.7 ± 4.2 years old and 38.4% were male. Six studies performed the medial opening‐wedge HTO, and three utilized the medial wedge closing technique. Most studies indicated significant improvement following surgical intervention with satisfactory outcomes in obese and nonobese patients. In addition, differences in complication rates were minimal between obese and nonobese patients (n.s.), while functional scores did not vary significantly. Conversion to total knee arthroplasty was not found to increase in obese patients (n.s.).ConclusionObesity does not appear to carry a greater complication risk or worse outcomes following high tibial osteotomies, and surgeons should consider HTO a viable option for young obese patients with symptomatic unicompartmental chondral wear with coronal limb malalignment.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.