bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy triggers GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and sensitizes anti-PD-1 therapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhou Yun , Zhang Wenyao , Wang Boda , Wang Pei , Li Danxiu , Cao Tianyu , Zhang Dawei , Han Hua , Bai Mingfeng , Wang Xin , Zhao Xiaodi , Lu Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited due to the low tumor neoantigen load and low immune infiltration in most microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors. This study aimed to develop a mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) approach to provoke host antitumor immunity of MSS-CRC and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsThe role and mechanism of mitochondria-targeted PDT in inhibiting CRC progression and inducing pyroptosis were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The immune effects of PDT sensitization on PD-1 blockade were also assessed in CT26 and 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse models.ResultsHere, we report that PDT using IR700DX-6T, a photosensitizer targeting the mitochondrial translocation protein, may trigger an antitumor immune response initiated by pyroptosis in CRC. Mechanistically, IR700DX-6T-PDT produced reactive oxygen species on light irradiation and promoted downstream p38 phosphorylation and active caspase3 (CASP3)-mediated cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME), subsequently inducing pyroptosis. Furthermore, IR700DX-6T-PDT enhanced the sensitivity of MSS-CRC cells to PD-1 blockade. Decitabine, a demethylation drug used to treat hematologic neoplasms, disrupted the abnormal methylation pattern of GSDME in tumor cells, enhanced the efficacy of IR700DX-6T-PDT, and elicited a potent antitumor immune response in combination with PD-1 blockade and IR700DX-6T-PDT.ConclusionOur work provides clear a understanding of immunogenic cell death triggered by mitochondria-targeted PDT, offering a new approach for enhancing the efficacy of PD-1 blockade in CRC.
OPTIMA-BP: empOwering PaTients in MAnaging Blood Pressure – protocol for a randomised parallel group study comparing use of Kvatchii web-based patient education portal as an addition to home blood pressure monitoring
Authors: McCallum Linsay , Lip Stefanie , Rostron Maggie , Hanna Rebecca , Bin Pg Md Salimin Nukman , Nichol Sarah , Padmanabhan Sandosh 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionHypertension is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is implicated in half of all strokes and myocardial infarctions. One-third of the adults in Scotland have hypertension yet only a quarter of them have their blood pressure (BP) controlled to target (<140/90 mm Hg). Empowering patients to have a better understanding of their condition and becoming actively involved in the monitoring and management of hypertension may lead to improved patient satisfaction, improved BP control and health outcomes and reduction in the use of primary/secondary care hypertension clinics.Methods and analysisOPTIMA-BP is a randomised parallel group pilot study comparing the use of home BP monitoring accompanied by access to the web-based cardiovascular educational portal (Kvatchii) and home BP monitoring (HBPM) alone in 200 patients with hypertension attending the Glasgow Blood Pressure Clinic, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow. Consented participants will be asked to complete surveys on lifestyle factors, medication adherence, quality of life and hypertension knowledge, understanding and home monitoring. The intervention group will be asked to complete a survey to help evaluate the Kvatchii portal. At 6 and 12 months, the surveys will be repeated via the CASTOR EDC. Both groups will input their HBPM results at 2-month intervals into a CASTOR-EDC survey. OPTIMA-BP will follow-up with participants over 12 months with the study running over 24 months. The primary outcome is HBPM systolic BP area under the curve between baseline and 6 monthsEthics and disseminationOPTIMA-BP was approved by the North of Scotland Research Ethics Committee 2 (22/NS/0095). Current protocol version 1.2 date 6 June 2023. Written informed consent will be provided by all study participants. Study findings will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at national and international scientific meetings.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov:NCT05575453. Registered 12 October 2022.https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05575453
Characterisation of airway disease associated with Sjögren disease
Authors: Meudec Loïc , Debray Marie-Pierre , Beurnier Antoine , Marques Cindy , Juge Pierre-Antoine , Dhote Robin , Larroche Claire , Fauchais Anne Laure , Dernis Emanuelle , Vittecoq Olivier , Saraux Alain , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Hachulla Eric , Le Guern Véronique , Dieudé Philippe , Seror Raphaele , Mariette Xavier , Nocturne Gaétane 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveAlthough airway disease associated with Sjögren’s disease (Sjo-AD) is common, it is poorly studied compared with interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this study, we aimed to assess factors associated with Sjo-AD, the characteristics and prognosis of this manifestation.MethodsWe performed a retrospective multicentric study involving nine centres. We included Sjo-AD patients confirmed by at least one clinician and one CT scan report. Clinical and biological data, pulmonary function test (PFT), and CT scans were collected. A single radiologist specialist in thoracic diseases reviewed CT scans. Sjo-AD patients were compared with Sjo controls without pulmonary involvement, randomly selected after matching for age and disease duration.ResultsWe included 31 Sjo-AD and 62 Sjo controls without pulmonary history. Sjo-AD had a higher disease activity (ESSDAI) compared with controls, even when excluding the pulmonary domain of the score (7 vs 3.8, p<0.05), mainly due to the biological activity. Sjo-AD was multilobar (72%) and associated with signs of both bronchiectasis and bronchiolitis (60%). Obstructive lung disease occurred in 32% at the time of Sjo-AD diagnosis. Overall, PFT was stable after 8.7±7 years follow-up but repeated CT scans showed extended lesions in 41% of cases within 6±3.2 years. No patient developed Sjo-ILD. Sjo-AD progression was independent of the global disease activity.ConclusionsSjo-AD preferentially affects Sjo patients with higher biological activity. It is often characterised as a diffuse disease, affecting both proximal and distal airways, with a slow evolution over time and no progression to Sjo-ILD.
Validity of an ultrasonographic joint-specific scoring system in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a cross-sectional study comparing ultrasound findings of synovitis with whole-body magnetic resonance imaging and clinical assessment
Authors: Sande Nina Krafft , Kirkhus Eva , Lilleby Vibke , Tomterstad Anders Høye , Aga Anna-Birgitte , Flatø Berit , Bøyesen Pernille 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the validity of an ultrasonographic scoring system in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by comparing ultrasound detected synovitis with whole-body MRI and clinical assessment of disease activity.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 27 patients with active JIA underwent clinical 71-joints examination, non-contrast enhanced whole-body MRI and ultrasound evaluation of 28 joints (elbow, radiocarpal, midcarpal, metacarpophalangeal 2–3, proximal interphalangeal 2–3, hip, knee, tibiotalar, talonavicular, subtalar and metatarsophalangeal 2–3). One rheumatologist, blinded to clinical findings, performed ultrasound and scored synovitis (B-mode and power Doppler) findings using a semiquantitative joint-specific scoring system for synovitis in JIA. A radiologist scored effusion/synovial thickening on whole-body MRI using a scoring system for whole-body MRI in JIA. At patient level, associations between ultrasound synovitis sum scores, whole-body MRI effusion/synovial thickening sum scores, clinical arthritis sum scores, and the 71-joints Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS71) were calculated using Spearman’s correlation coefficients (rs). To explore associations at joint level, sensitivity and specificity were calculated for ultrasound using whole-body MRI or clinical joint examination as reference.ResultsUltrasound synovitis sum scores strongly correlated with whole-body MRI effusion/synovial thickening sum scores (rs=0.74,p<0.01) and the JADAS71 (rs=0.71,p<0.01), and moderately with clinical arthritis sum scores (rs=0.57,p<0.01). Sensitivity/specificity of ultrasound in detecting synovitis were 0.57/0.96 and 0.55/0.96 using whole-body MRI or clinical joint examination as reference, respectively.ConclusionOur findings suggest that ultrasound is a valid instrument to detect synovitis, and that ultrasound synovitis sum scores can reflect disease activity and may be an outcome measure in JIA.
Association between person-centred care quality and advance care planning participation in haemodialysis
Authors: Kanakubo Yusuke , Kurita Noriaki , Ukai Mamiko , Aita Tetsuro , Inanaga Ryohei , Kawaji Atsuro , Toishi Takumi , Matsunami Masatoshi , Munakata Yu , Suzuki Tomo , Okada Tadao 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivePerson-centred care (PCC), which incorporates patients’ preferences and values for medical care and their life, has been proposed in decision-making for promoting advance care planning (ACP) among patients with kidney failure. Therefore, we aimed to examine variations in PCC across facilities and the association between PCC and ACP participation.MethodsThis multicentre cross-sectional study included Japanese adults undergoing outpatient haemodialysis at six dialysis centres. The main exposure was PCC, measured using the 13-item Japanese version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool-short form. The main outcome was ACP participation as defined by discussion with the attending physician or written documentation or notes regarding treatment preferences. A general linear model was used to examine the covariates of the quality of PCC. Modified Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations of ACP participation.ResultsA total of 453 individuals were analysed; 26.3% of them participated in ACP. Higher PCC was associated with greater ACP participation in a dose–response manner (adjusted prevalence ratios for the first to fourth quartiles: 1.36, 2.31, 2.64 and 3.10, respectively) in respondents with usual source of care (USC) than in those without USC. Among the PCC subdomains, first contact, longitudinality, comprehensiveness (services provided) and community orientation were particularly associated with ACP participation. A maximum of 12.0 points of facility variation was noted in the quality of PCC.ConclusionsHigh quality of PCC was associated with ACP participation. The substantial disparity in PCC between facilities provides an opportunity to revisit the quality improvement in PCC.
The equivalence principle for a plane gravitational wave in torsion-based and non-metricity-based teleparallel equivalents of general relativity
Authors: Emtsova E. D. , Petrov A. N. , Toporensky A. V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study the energy–momentum characteristics of the plane “+”-polarized gravitational wave solution of general relativity in the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR) and the symmetric teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (STEGR) using the previously constructed Noether currents. The current components describe energy–momentum locally measured by an observer if the displacement vector $$\xi $$
ξ
is equal to the observer’s 4-velocity. To determine the non-dynamical connection in these theories, we use the unified “turning off” gravity principle. For a constructive analysis of the values of Noether currents and superpotentials in TEGR and STEGR, we use the concept of “gauges”. The gauge changing can affect the Noether current values. We study under what conditions the Noether current for the freely falling observer is zero. When they are established, the zero result can be interpreted as a correspondence to the equivalence principle, and it is a novelty for gravitational waves in the TEGR and STEGR. We highlight two important cases with positive and zero energy, which reproduce the results of previous works with a different approach for determining gravitational energy–momentum in the TEGR, and give their interpretation.
VIP-2 with modulated current: pathfinder for enhanced Pauli exclusion principle violation studies
Authors: Porcelli Alessio , Bazzi Massimiliano , Bortolotti Nicola , Bragadireanu Mario , Cargnelli Michael , Clozza Alberto , De Paolis Luca , Del Grande Raffaele , Guaraldo Carlo , Iliescu Mihail , Laubenstein Matthias , Manti Simone , Marton Johann , Miliucci Marco , Napolitano Fabrizio , Piscicchia Kristian , Scordo Alessandro , Sgaramella Francesco , Sirghi Diana Laura , Sirghi Florin , Doce Oton Vazquez , Zmeskal Johann , Curceanu Catalina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFermions are subject to the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP), which is grounded on the spin-statistics theorem and, hence, related to the very same structure of the underlying symmetries. The VIP-2 (VIolation of Pauli exclusion principle - 2) experiment has been performing extreme sensitivity tests of the PEP, up to its current and final configuration, exploiting several experimental setups designed to study different theoretical models of PEP violation, looking for a faint signal of physics Beyond the Standard Model.A current is introduced in the copper target to bring new electrons into the system and, hence, fulfill the requirements of the Messiah-Greenberg Super-Selection rule. The searched spin-statistics violating signal corresponds to X-rays emitted when the new electrons perform atomic transitions to the already filled fundamental level of copper. This work analyzes the set of the VIP-2 data corresponding to a test run of 68 days in a current modulated regime alternating no current with current data-taking in short periods (50 s each), instead the usual alternating months-long data-taking of each of these two phases. We propose an analysis method to improve the experiment’s sensitivity: a spectral analysis constraint with the Discrete Fourier Transformation of the data. Compared to the spectrum-only analysis, about a factor of 1.5 of improvement to the limit for the probability of PEP violation for electrons was obtained.
Greentooth: Robust and Energy Efficient Wireless Networking for Batteryless Devices
Authors: Babatunde Simeon , Alsubhi Arwa , Hester Josiah , Sorber Jacob 
Published: March 2024

Communication presents a critical challenge for emerging intermittently powered batteryless sensors. Batteryless devices that operate entirely on harvested energy often experience frequent, unpredictable power outages and have trouble keeping time accurately. Consequently, effective communication using today’s low-power wireless network standards and protocols becomes difficult, particularly because existing standards are usually designed to support reliably powered devices with predictable node availability and accurate timekeeping capabilities for connection and congestion management.
In this article, we present Greentooth, a robust and energy-efficient wireless communication protocol for intermittently powered sensor networks. It enables reliable communication between a receiver and multiple batteryless sensors using Time Division Multiple Access–style scheduling and low-power wake-up radios for synchronization. Greentooth employs lightweight and energy-efficient connections that are resilient to transient power outages, while significantly improving network reliability, throughput, and energy efficiency of both the battery-free sensor nodes and the receiver—which could be untethered and energy constrained. We evaluate Greentooth using a custom-built batteryless sensor prototype on synthetic and real-world energy traces recorded from different locations in a garden across different times of the day. Results show that Greentooth achieves 73% and 283% more throughput compared to Asynchronous Wake-up on Demand MAC and Receiver-Initiated Consecutive Packet Transmission Wake-up Radios, respectively, under intermittent ambient solar energy and over 2× longer receiver lifetime.
A Highly Anticipated Selective Therapeutic Agent against CDK2: INX-315
Authors: Watts Lotte P. , Spencer Sabrina L. 
Published: March 2024

Summary:In this issue, Dietrich, Trub, and colleagues describe and characterize a novel selective CDK2 inhibitor: INX-315. This agent shows promise in CCNE1-amplified cancers and in CDK4/6 inhibitor–resistant breast cancers.See related article by Dietrich et al., p. 446 (8).
What Makes a Terrorist Tick in Al Aswany’s The Yacoubian Building?
Authors: Senoussi Mohammed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article provides a critical reading of Alaa Al Aswany’s novel The Yacoubian Building (2002), evoking important questions about the nature of terrorism in Egypt and how young men are transformed into religious fanatics. While certainly not excusing terrorists’ violent acts, we try to use the novel as a guide to understand what makes a terrorist tick. The novel invites us to witness the fall into the abyss of terror of a young man who dreams of being a policeman. The novel shows that while Taha struggles to change his fate, he faces marginalisation, police corruption, oppression and torture, which finally set him on the path to violence. The paper thus uses the novel as a focal point to broaden our understanding of who a terrorist figure is. Furthermore, we are interested in the literary representations of terrorism and why this novelist chooses terrorism as a main structuring element. By offering a qualitative, different understanding of the fundamental aspects of terrorism, we try to reveal that while it is the terrorist’s finger that pulls the trigger, there is a disorienting history of social, political and economic circumstances behind each bullet. The paper concludes that Al Aswany neither demonises nor offers an apology for extremists. He simply presents them as humans so that we can understand what they are angry about.
Indigenous People’s Land Rights in Post-Soeharto Indonesia
Authors: Wiryani Fifik , Ramadhan Febriansyah , Najih Mokhammad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One of the challenges during the democratic transition from the New Order regime to the Reformasi era was advancing the idea of an agrarian transition to reconcile structural inequalities regarding land ownership. However, this transition was unfortunately not accompanied by a rearrangement of land ownership to allow the practice of land-grabbing inherited from the New Order regime to persist in contemporary Indonesia. This article examines the reasons behind the failure of the agrarian transition in Indonesia, by focusing on case studies in Tegalrejo Village, Malang Regency and the Pamona indigenous peoples, Poso Regency. We argue that the modus operandi of land-grabbing practices is highly dependent on state power and weak protection of communal land rights. By explaining these two factors, this article provides recommendations to strengthen the community’s position in dealing with land-grabbing practices by limiting the power of the state and encouraging land reform aimed at securing community land rights.
Aspiring and Becoming
Authors: Lasa Maximilian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Research into Islamic higher education tends to focus primarily on the educational institution as the object of the analysis and neglects the perspectives of students. To tackle this research desideratum, this article investigates students’ educational paths in the field of Islamic higher education. Based on in-depth interviews and extensive fieldwork among German students and alumni from the International Theology Program (Uluslararası İlahiyat Programı) in Turkey, the article has a twofold aim. First, it unpacks the motivations and reasons for students to study Islamic theology. Second, it examines how studying Islamic theology comes to constitute a meaningful endeavor for the students. The analysis shows that students’ complex ways of aspiring to study Islamic theology simultaneously constituted relevant means of becoming. Thus, studying Islamic theology constituted a venue for interlocutors to explore sources of identity and processes of meaning-making.
Statelessness and Solidarity: Palestinians, Dhofaris, and Saharawis in Tricontinental Media
Authors: Losier Rahel , Camacho Padilla Fernando , Stites Mor Jessica 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
From its beginning, the Organisation of Solidarity of the Peoples of Africa, Asia, and Latin America (ospaaal) used its print media to campaign on behalf of Palestinian nationalism, articulating the concerns of displaced Palestinians from a perspective of unrecognised and thwarted national liberation movements. This organisation, responsible for carrying out the activities of the Tricontinental group that began meeting in Havana in 1966, identified the issue of Palestinian statelessness as a key feature of ongoing colonialism. From this perspective, ospaaal developed a platform from which to articulate solidarity against ongoing imperialism, one which could be usefully extended to explain and render solidarity with other causes. We argue that ospaaal’s visual and narrative framework, extended to the anti-colonial advocacy first for Dhofar (from the late 1960s to middle of the 1970s) and later for Western Sahara (late 1970s to 1990), presented a powerful, though limited, critique of international governance institutions from the Global South. Tricontinental publications’ reporting and solidarity media, in framing statelessness as an inherent problem of an incomplete process of decolonisation, critiqued the rhetorical strategies employed by imperial powers to maintain colonial relationships through international organisations like the United Nations.
Reality Amidst Rhetoric: Implementation of ECtHR Judgments in the UK
Authors: Amos Merris 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article concerns the implementation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights in the United Kingdom. The rhetoric of politicians who object to the Court and raise problems with the implementation of its judgments is contrasted with the reality of implementation. It is shown that the UK is a good international citizen which takes its obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights seriously. Problems with implementation, such as those raised by the prisoner voting judgment, Hirst (No 2), are useful tools for politicians seeking to provoke anti-European sentiment. However, with this judgment now implemented, this strategy is no longer as successful as it once was.