bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myelofibrosis in neuroblastoma
Authors: Labotka Richard J. , Morgan Elaine R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMyelofibrosis, a rare childhood disorder, has been reported as an associated complication of certain hematologic malignancies or as an isolated idiopathic process. In this report, we describe a patient with metastatic neuroblastoma whose initial presentation included the findings of myelofibrosis and leukoery‐throblastosis. The myelofibrosis regressed with chemotherapy and did not recur when the patient's tumor reappeared.
Acute lymphocytic leukemia with microblastosis and near haploidy (26 chromosomes): A case report
Authors: Hoeltge Gerald A. , Dyment Paul G. , Slovak Marilyn L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA three‐year‐old acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patient had a modal chromosome count of 26 in her bone marrow metaphases. The leukemia was “common” ALL by cytochemical and immunologic studies. Five other cases had been reported previously, and all have had a near haploidy varying from 26 to 32 chromosomes. Disomy of chromosomes 18 and 21 is a consistent feature of this disease. Severe hypodiploidy correlates with microblastosis requiring morphologic separation from non‐neoplastic small lymphocytes.
Cytogenetic studies on four cases of non‐endemic burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Slater Rosalyn M. , Behrendt Henk , Van Heerde Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytogenetic studies carried out on four children with non‐endemic Burkitt lymphoma showed: 1) Two with the typical translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32); 2) one with a variant t(2;8)(p11;q24); and 3) one with apparently normal chromosomes 8 and 14. Additional chromosomal variation was present in all four patients. Two were shown to have a duplication of part of the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q23→1q32 and 1q23→1q42). Epstein Barr virus studies on two patients showed that one was positive and the other negative. A comparison of these results with other non‐endemic cases in the literature has been made revealing a wider range of chromosomal variation than has been hitherto reported for endemic cases. The finding that chromosome 8 is also involved in the variant translocations in Burkitt lymphoma suggests that its changes may contribute more to the tumour development than the 14q +.
A prospective randomized clinical trial of total parenteral nutrition in children with cancer
Authors: Donaldson Sarah S. , Wesley Margaret N. , Ghavimi Fereshteh , Shils Maurice E. , Suskind Robert M. , Dewys William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to test the efficacy of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) among previously untreated children receiving abdominal/pelvic irradiation with or without adjuvant chemotherapy who were at risk for weight loss, malnutrition, and complications from treatment. Children were evaluated by weight/height determinations, anthropomorphic measurements, and laboratory studies. TPN was associated with an improved nutritional status during therapy as compared with control patients on ad libitum intake. However, when TPN was discontinued, weight declined and there were no differences among treated and control patients detected at three‐month follow‐up. Likewise there was no obvious effect from TPN on tolerance to therapy in the adequately nourished child. TPN as initial supportive therapy should be reserved for those children who are malnourished or marginally malnourished at the time of presentation. Close nutritional assessment during treatment is essential since approximately 25% of children undergoing abdominal/pelvic radiotherapy with chemotherapy can be expected to become malnourished during an initial course of therapy.
Lymphocyte responsiveness to thymosin in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with lymphomatous transformation
Authors: Taylor Samuel G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytes from a patient with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with lymphomatous degeneration were tested in vitro for thymosin responsiveness. The percentage of lymphocytes forming spontaneous (E) rosettes to sheep red blood blood cells (SRBC) was 37 and 32% in the absence of thymosin on two separate occasions. Lymphocytes incubated with thymosin formed rosettes in 55 and 43% when incubated with 0.1 μ/ml and 66 and 63% when incubated with 100 μ/ml, respectively. The patient subsequently received thymosin while in a preterminal condition. No clinical response to thymosin was apparent and lymphocytes tested 8 days after starting thymosin treatment demonstrated reduced thymosin responsiveness (31% without thymosin vs 37% with 100/μ/ml). The failure to respond clinically to thymosin treatment may be related to the preterminal condition. The in vitro responsiveness to thymosin suggests that thymosin effect should be examined earlier in the course of this disease process.
Combination chemotherapy plus BCG in the treatment of disseminated malignant melanoma: A southwest oncology group study
Authors: Costanzi John J. , Al‐Sarraf Muhyi , Groppe Carl , Bottomley Richard , Fabian Carol , Neidhart James , Dixon Dennis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Southwest Oncology Group performed a randomized study comparing combination chemotherapy alone versus combination chemotherapy plus BCG versus DTIC plus BCG in the treatment of disseminated malignant melanoma. A 31% response rate was noted with combination chemotherapy alone, a 27% response rate with combination chemotherapy plus BCG, and an 18% response rate with DTIC plus BCG. Survival was not influenced by type of therapy, but the responders had significantly longer survival than the nonresponders. There appeared to be some significant differences in response as related to age wherein those patients between the ages of 30 and 60 years had a higher response rate to combination chemotherapy as compared to DTIC plus BCG. Those patients older than 60 years of age had a higher response rate in the BCG groups. Furthermore, in those patients older than 60 years of age who responded, their duration of response was longer if they received BCG than those who did not receive BCG. It should be emphasized that those differences noted in various age groups could occur by chance alone. These differences should be studied in the future, by appropriate pretreatment stratifications. Patients with higher peripheral lymphocyte counts had significantly better response rates and those patients with higher numbers of positive delayed hyper‐sensitivity skin tests had significantly greater survival. A significant improvement in survival was noted in patients whose PPD converted from negative to positive during therapy.
Pancreatic carcinoma in a ten‐year survivor of acute myeloblastic leukemia
Authors: McLaughlin Peter , Bennetts Roland W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdenocarcinoma of the pancreas developed in a young man who was a 10‐year survivor of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). His extensive cytotoxic chemotherapy for AML is reviewed along with a discussion of its possible oncogenic effects. Other case reports of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) following acute leukemia are cited; available data suggest that the overall risk of SMN in AML may be in the range of 6%. While our patient's second malignancy may have been a chance association, his and other cases of pancreatic carcinoma in young survivors of hematologic neoplasia suggest that the cytotoxic treatment may have had a role in the pathogenesis of the pancreatic carcinoma.
Sex differences in prognosis of childhood T‐cell leukemia
Authors: Penchansky Lila , Whiteside Theresa L. , Wollman Michael R. , Albo Vincent C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrows of 41 untreated children and adolescents with acute lymphocytic leukemia were studied by combined immunologic and histochemical methods at the time of diagnosis. Eleven were classified as T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemias (27%) on the basis of cytochemical stains and E‐rosette assay. The patients in this group had low median age of 8 years, relatively low median WBC of 13.4 × 103/cc, 6/11 were female, and only 2/5 males had a mediastinal mass. The girls had a lower median age than boys (7 vs 9 years), none had mediastinal masses or extramedullary involvement, and their survival was >27 months compared to 14 months for the boys (P < 0.01). All patients were enrolled and treated on the (then) currently active CCSG protocols for ALL. This study emphasizes the fact that not all patients with T‐cell ALL have poor prognosis, that sex could be an important factor affecting survival, and that the difference in survival could not be adequately explained by differences in the initial WBC.
A content validity analysis of neoplastic items of the national board of medical examiners part II examination
Authors: Goetzel Ronnie Z. , Croen Lila G. , Lan Sam , Bases Robert E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAs part of its evaluation of the Clinical Cancer Education Program (CCEP) at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, the Office of Educational Research and Evaluation analyzed student performance on neoplastic items of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Examination Part II. The evaluation provided a successful application of the American Association for Cancer Education (AACE) coding schema for analysis of neoplastic items. Two examinations were analyzed in order to determine the frequency with which specific disease sites, treatment modalities, and question emphasis items appeared. With reference to disease site, the greatest number of questions on both examinations dealt with gynecological issues while the fewest dealt with lung and hematologic‐related disease. A breakdown of questions into various treatment modalities indicated that of items that could be categorized, most dealt with surgical treatment, while other therapeutic modalities were given little or no emphasis. Looking at question emphases, the most frequently asked questions referred to diagnostic tests and stratagems, whereas the least amount of emphasis was placed on rehabilitative and psychosocial aspects of the disease. These findings corroborate those reported by Ruckdeschel and his associates and point out several limitations to the content validity of the neoplastic items on NBME Part II.
Vm‐26 with prednisone and vincristine for treatment of refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Rivera Gaston , Bowman W. Paul , Murphy Sharon B. , Dahl Gary V. , Aur Rhomes J. , Kalwinsky David K. , Wood Adynel , Stagner Shirley , Avery Thomas L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐six children with refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were assessed for remission‐induction responses to VM‐26 (250 mg/m2 per week) in combination with prednisone (40 mg/m2 per day) and vincristine (1.5 mg/m2 per week). Each child had been treated intensively with steroids, vincristine, daunorubicin and L‐asparaginase. In fact, all patients had failed to respond to previous reinduction therapy with prednisone‐vincristine or had relapsed while receiving vincristine. Our intent in this study was to test whether or not addition of VM‐26 to prednisone‐vincristine would overcome clinical resistance to these established agents. Complete remissions were induced in 17 patients (0.30) over 4 to 6 weeks. Five of these children, all clinically unresponsive to prednisone‐vincristine alone, had complete remissions that lasted longer than 1 year; two remain in remission for 2 1/2 years and both are now off therapy. Myelosuppression, the most serious treatment complication, was documented in 20 of 26 evaluable patients. The median time to recovery of normal marrow function was 15 days. These results demonstrate further the potential of VM‐26 in combined‐drug treatment of refractory ALL. Whether the effectiveness of this combination represents potentiation of prednisone and vincristine activity by VM‐26 or some other, as yet unidentified interaction, remains to be determined.
Transfusion of granulocyte rich buffy coats to neutropenic patients
Authors: Reiss R. F. , Reiss R. F. , Waldman A. A. , Raju M. , Kulpa J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGranulocyte rich buffy coats were transfused to infected neutropenic patients when leukapheresis donors were not available. Efficacy of transfusions was evaluated from data supplied by hospitals administering them. Buffy coats separated from ACD blood contained a mean of 4.9 × 108 granulocytes. Fifty‐seven patients received a course consisting of a mean of 3.8 transfusions. Of these, 27 received a mean of 17.5 units per transfusion and had a survival rate of 44.4%, which was not significantly different from the 50.0% found in 30 who received a mean of 11.1 units per transfusion. No significant difference in survival rate was found between 31 patients with acute leukemia and 26 with other disorders or 38 patients with positive and 19 with negative cultures. Finally, no significant difference in survival rate was noted between patients who received a course of ≫ four transfusions or ≪ three transfusions in any of the above groups. Survival rates were less than those generally reported following similar courses of leukapheresis units. Buffy coat transfusions consisting of a mean of approximately 17.5 units as produced during this study have therefore been shown to be not generally beneficial. The increased survival seen in some studies utilizing leukapheresis products may relate in part to the larger number of granulocytes they contained. Greater benefit from buffy coat transfusions might result if the number of granulocytes infused were increased. Evaluation of possible efficacy associated with transfusions of increased numbers of buffy coat units further enriched with granulocytes may be justified when leukapheresis donors are not available.
Coarctation of the aorta from a mediastinal germ cell tumor: A case report
Authors: Davis Thomas J. , Davis Thomas J. , Carbone Paul P. , Crummy Andrew B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 20‐yr‐old male had compression of the thoracic aorta by a large malignant mediastinal germinoma. The symptoms and signs that simulated coarctation of the aorta included hypertension, markedly decreased femoral pulses, and a systolic murmur that radiated to the back. Following X‐ray therapy, the femoral pulses were palpable and the blood pressure became normal. To our knowledge, compression of the aorta by a malignant teratocarcinoma with manifestations mimicking coarctation of the aorta has not been reported.
Spontaneous improvement of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ettinger Lawrence J. , Torrisi John , Wood Beverly P. , Anderson Virginia M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUntil recently, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was the most common cause of death in patients with leukemia in remission. Prior to the advent of effective antimicrobial agents, this disease was virtually 100% fatal in the cancer patient undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. The spontaneous improvement of P carinii pneumonitis in a child with acute lymphocytic leukemia suggests a higher incidence of P carinii pneumonitis in immunocompromised patients than is commonly realized.
The treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in childhood, Ukall III: The effects of added cytosine arabinoside and/or asparaginase, and a comparison of continuous or discontinuous mercaptopurine in regimens for standard risk ALL
Authors: Rothwell Miss D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a comparison of treatments for standard‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (UKALL III), there were no differences in remission lengths between regimens with or without second‐line drugs (cytosine arabinoside and asparaginase) and with continuous or discontinuous mercaptopurine. The number of infections was significantly lower when maintenance followed the less immunosuppressive modified induction period and when there were 1‐week gaps each month in the administration of mercaptopourine. As in the previous trial, a higher rate of relapse in boys was found to be due partly to testicular and partly to bone marrow relapse. Cell‐typing by the FAB system showed that the proportion of patients still in their first remission at 5 years was very much higher in LI than in L2 cases.
Safe and effective induction chemotherapy without cisplatin for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Impact on complete response rate and survival at five years, following local therapy
Authors: Price L. A. , Hill Bridget T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred forty‐seven patients were given a kinetically based combination of vincristine, bleomycin, methotrexate, 5‐fluorouracil, and hydrocortisone as initial treatment. Chemotherapy was given on days 1 and 14 before local “curative” therapy with radiation and/or surgery was started on day 28. Response to chemotherapy was assessed in 136 patients. In 89 stage III or IV patients, 57 (64%) responded and 32 (36%) did not. The complete remission (CR) rate following local therapy in patients responding to initial chemotherapy was 74% (42 patients). In patients not responding to initial chemotherapy the CR rate following local therapy was only 40%. This difference is highly significant (P < 0.001). In 39 stage II patients, 28 (72%) responded to initial chemotherapy and 11 (28%) did not. After local therapy in this group the figures for CR were 70% (19 patients) and 73% (8 patients), respectively. This difference is not significant. Side effects from chemotherapy were minimal and patient compliance was 100%. Of the original 96 eligible patients studied, 1 patient was not assessed and 66 (69%) responded to initial chemotherapy; of these 48 (73%) had a CR following local therapy. Only 15 of the 29 chemotherapy nonresponders (52%) achieved CR following local therapy. This difference is significant (P=0.03). The overall 5‐year survival for these 96 patients is 36%, with chemotherapy responders having the longest median duration of survival.
Cure of ommaya reservoir associated staphylococcus epidermidis ventriculitis with a simple regimen of vancomycin and rifampin without reservoir removal
Authors: Connors Joseph M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractStaphylococcus epidermidis ventriculitis developed in a patient undergoing treatment for meningeal lymphoblastic lymphoma via Ommaya subcutaneous reservoir. Treatment with a regimen of intravenous and intraventricular vancomycin and oral rifampin resulted in prompt cure of the infection without removal of the reservoir. The antiobiotic therapy, guided by CSF bacteriocidal levels, was convenient to administer, nontoxic, and well tolerated. No interruption of lymphoma treatment was necessary.
Intermittent combined chemotherapy with doxorubicin in recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Platt M. P. Ward , Mott M. G. , Eden O. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 14 children with bone marrow or testicular recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and treated with pulsed combined chemotherapy incorporating doxorubicin is reviewed. All had been previously adequately treated according to established leukemia protocols. Median disease‐free survival for the series is 46 weeks, overall survival 62 weeks, and the toxicity of the therapy relatively low. This compares favorably with other reports of treatment of relapsed ALL and supports the formulation of prospective trials to evaluate anthracyclines in initial induction and consolidation phases of treatment of childhood ALL.
Prolonged second remissions in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia: A report from the childrens cancer study group
Authors: Baum E. , Nachman J. , Ramsay N. , Weetman B. , Neerhout R. , Littman P. , Griffin T. , Norris D. , Sather H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo date, median duration of second and subsequent remissions in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) has been short, with most studies reporting median remission duration less than 6 months. In May 1979, the Childrens Cancer Study Group (CCSG) undertook a pilot study to assess the efficacy of a vincristine, methotrexate, and L‐asparaginase regimen (modified Capizzi) for maintenance in children with ALL in second or subsequent remission. Thirty patients were treated with this maintenance regimen. By life table analysis, predicted median duration of hematologic remission was 57 weeks. Ten patients (33%) were in continuous hematologic remission at 1 year and three (10%) continue in remission > 2 years from maintenance onset. Major toxicity included leukoencephalopathy in four patients, three of whom had experienced at least one central nervous system relapse prior to study entry. Allergic reactions to Escherichia coli L‐asparaginase were common. Nine of 30 patients experienced at least one CNS relapse during therapy. We conclude that a modified Capizzi regimen is the most effective regimen reported to date for maintaining second and subsequent remission in childhood ALL. CCSG is currently utilizing this regimen in an ongoing open study.
Therapeutic leukapheresis for hyperleukocytosis in acute myelocytic leukemia
Authors: Cuttner Janet , Holland James F. , Norton Larry , Ambinder Edward , Button Gail , Meyer Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with newly diagnosed acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and white cell counts (WBC) greater than 100,000/μl received one, two, or three leukaphereses prior to induction chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) and daunorubicin (DNR). Fifteen of 22 (68%) achieved a complete remission. Greater than a 30% decrease in initial WBC was found to be an important predictor of response. Fifteen of 17 patients (88%) with greater than 30% reduction of initial WBC achieved remission, while none of 5 patients with less than a 30% reduction responded (P = 0.001).
Histiocytosis X in children: Patterns of disease and results of treatment
Authors: Matus‐Ridley Monica , Raney R. Beverly , Thawerani Hasina , Meadows Anna T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pathologic materials and clinical courses of 36 children aged 1 month‐22 years, with histiocytosis × (H‐X) seen at the Philadelphia Children's Cancer Research Center from 1970 to 1979 were reviewed. The pathologic subtype of H‐X was favorable (type II) in 31 patients, unfavorable (type I) in one patient, and unclassified in four patients whose specimens were limited to a skin biopsy. Sixteen patients had localized H‐X involving bone (14 patients), soft tissue (1 patient), or skin only (1 patient); all are alive and well after treatment with surgery alone (12 patients), radiation therapy (RT) (3 patients), or observation (1 patient); only 1 of the 16 developed recurrent H‐X. The other 20 patients presented with multifocal H‐X involving the skeleton alone (3 patients); the skeleton and soft tissues other than liver (7 patients); soft tissue exclusive of the liver (3 patients); soft tissue including the liver (4 patients); or soft tissues, skeleton, and liver or multiple drugs ± RT (15 patients). Seven of the 20 patients are alive and well without recurrence at a median of 4 years after diagnosis. Nine of the 20 patients, including 3 with liver dysfunction, responded completely to initial therapy but developed recurrence; each was retreated with drugs and is alive and well at a median of 4 years. The remaining 4 patients had widespread disease with dysfunction of the liver and/or hematopoietic system at diagnosis, failed to respond, and died. We conclude that (1) patients with multiple bony lesions with or without associated soft tissue disease or skin involvement have a favorable outlook and do not require systemic chemotherapy; (2) systemic treatment also is unnecessary for patients with localized H‐X since recurrence is rare; (3) drugs can benefit patients with multifocal H‐X, although the optimal duration of therapy is unclear; and (4) favorable response to treatment indicates high probability of disease‐free survival. However, organ dysfunction at diagnosis is ominous: four of seven patients with liver dysfunction are dead, as are all three patients who prsented with peripheral blood count depression.