bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Extreme-ultraviolet Precursors and Postcursors of Solar Flares
Authors: Krista Larisza D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
EUV brightenings are small-scale magnetic reconnection events that consistently appear before and after solar flares. However, it is not well understood how EUV precursors might foreshadow flares and what the physical connection is between the EUV signatures and flares. We studied flare-active and inactive periods in three separate studies using the Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool. In Study 1, EUV signatures were identified in 200 no-flare days, in Study 2 EUV signatures before 360 flares were analyzed, and in Study 3 close to 36,000 EUV signatures were detected, and their pre- and postflare distribution and trends were studied. Our key questions were as follows: do EUV signatures occur consistently before flares, do EUV signatures occur without flares, are there flares without EUV precursors, and is it possible to forecast different magnitude flares based on preceding EUV signature trends? Study 1 showed that in no-flare periods EUV signatures were only detected 4% of the time. Study 2 showed that EUV precursors were present 92% of the time within 6 hr before ≥C-class flares. Study 3 showed that over 90% of the signatures were associated with flares (≥B class), and over 50% of all signatures were associated with ≥M-class flares. A superposed epoch analysis showed precursor frequency peaks at ∼70 and 100 minutes before M- and X-class flares, respectively, while B- and C-class flares had no notable precursor frequency peaks. These results demonstrate the close connection between EUV signatures and flares and the significant potential EUV signatures have in improving space weather forecasting.
Solar Coronal Mass Ejection and Post–Coronal Mass Ejection Blob Formation in Two-fluid Simulations
Authors: Du J. C. , Ma Z. W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A coronal mass ejection (CME) and post-CME blob phenomena in the solar atmosphere, associated with shear flow and convergent flow perturbations in the photosphere, are investigated using a resistive two-fluid (electron–ion) code. It is found that there are notable deviations between the two-fluid and previous magnetohydrodynamic simulations. In this two-fluid approach, the decoupling motions of ions and electrons leads to the emergence of an additional electric field. With expansion of a magnetic arcade associated with the footpoint shear flows, a thin current sheet is formed and a series of magnetic reconnections occurs in the lower region of the central magnetic arcade. The initial reconnection gives rise to a rising magnetic island, displaying typical CME characteristics. Subsequent reconnections produce smaller, more rapidly ascending blobs. These smaller blobs ultimately merge with the primary CME core, thereby accelerating its ascent.
Star Formation in the Lopsided Galaxy Arp 291
Authors: Proshina Irina S. , Oparin Dmitriy V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We have investigated the star formation process taking place in the lopsided galaxy Arp 291, based on narrowband images in the Hα, [N ii]λ6583, and [O iii]λ5007 emission lines, obtained using the modern tunable photometer MaNGaL at the Caucasus Mountain Observatory. We have diagnosed 30 star-forming (SF) regions by means of the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich method. The oxygen abundance of the ionized gas in the SF regions varies in the range from 8.17 ± 0.04 to 8.47 ± 0.16 dex, which is typical for spiral and irregular galaxies, and shows an anticorrelation with the surface density of current star formation rates. Star formation in the lopsided galaxy Arp 291 occurs in separate clumps comparable in size to those observed in spiral and lenticular galaxies, at a rate typical for these types of galaxies. The clumps of current star formation are located irregularly in the distorted spiral arms of Arp 291. Possible causes of lopsidedness of the galaxy are discussed.
Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos
Authors: Suwa Yudai , Harada Akira , Mori Masamitsu , Nakazato Ken’ichiro , Akaho Ryuichiro , Harada Masayuki , Koshio Yusuke , Nakanishi Fumi , Sumiyoshi Kohsuke , Wendell Roger A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating distances to SNe using neutrinos. This estimation utilizes the direct relationship between the radius of a neutron star (NS) and the distance to the supernova, which is analogous to main-sequence fitting. The radius of an NS is determined with an approximate uncertainty of 10% through observations such as X-rays and gravitational waves. By integrating this information, the distance to the supernova can be estimated with an uncertainty of within 15% at a 95% confidence level. It has been established that neutrinos can pinpoint the direction of supernovae, and when combined with distance estimates, three-dimensional localization becomes achievable. This capability is vital for follow-up observations using multimessenger approaches. Moreover, more precise distance determinations to SNe through follow-up observations, such as optical observations, allow for accurate measurements of neutron-star radii. This data, via the neutron-star mass–radius relationship, could provide various insights into nuclear physics.
Discovery of the Richest Pulsating Ultramassive White Dwarf
Authors: De Gerónimo Francisco C. , Uzundag Murat , Rebassa-Mansergas Alberto , Brown Alex , Kilic Mukremin , Córsico Alejandro H. , Jewett Gracyn C. , Moss Adam G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The discovery of pulsations in ultramassive (UM) white dwarfs (WDs) can help to probe their interiors and unveil their core composition and crystallized mass fraction through asteroseismic techniques. To date, the richest pulsating UM WD known is BPM 37093 with 8 modes detected, for which detailed asteroseismic analysis has been performed in the past. In this work, we report the discovery of 19 pulsation modes in the UM WD star WD J0135+5722, making it the richest pulsating hydrogen-atmosphere UM WD known to date. This object exhibits multiperiodic luminosity variations with periods ranging from 137 to 1345 s, typical of pulsating WDs in the ZZ Ceti instability strip, which is centered at T
eff ∼ 12,000 K. We estimate the stellar mass of WD J0135+5722 by different methods, resulting in M
⋆ ∼ 1.12–1.14 M
⊙ if the star’s core is made of oxygen and neon or M
⋆ ∼ 1.14–1.15 M
⊙ if the star hosts a carbon oxygen core. Future analysis of the star periods could shed light on the core chemical composition through asteroseismology.
Faire sensation
Authors: Oviedo Álvaro 
Published: February 2025

Comment les expériences du jeu et de l’écoute sont-elles impliquées dans l’écriture musicale des xxe et xxie siècles chez György Kurtág et Helmut Lachenmann, chez Luciano Berio, Anton Webern, Pierre Boulez, Fausto Romitelli et Olga Neuwirth ? Les réponses ici proposées passent par une esthétique du corps, de la sensation, du lien matière-signification, du devenir et du possible pour dégager non seulement de nouvelles catégories de l’écriture musicale mais aussi une conception ouverte de l’œuvre : une sensation en train de se faire, le devenir enchevêtré des trois actes constitutifs du musical – jouerécouterécrire.L’ouvrage fait ainsi apparaître l’idée selon laquelle la véritable matière de la musique n’est ni la note ni le son, mais le geste, c’est-à-dire un faire indissociable d’un affect, c’est-à-dire d’un sentir. Le propre de la musique c’est alors de faire sentir : quelque chose qui n’était pas perceptible jusque-là le devient – une brèche s’ouvre, celle d’un monde possible. Un geste musical nous touche, il fait irruption, il transforme nos manières de sentir et de penser. Il fait sensation.
Pre- and Post-Surgical Cutaneous Reflexes and Perceived Instability During Gait in an Individual with Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Friedman Annalee M. H. , Madsen Leif P. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Context: Recent studies exploring chronic ankle instability (CAI) have found alterations in cutaneous reflexes of musculature surrounding the ankle which may contribute to perceived instability and recurrent LAS seen in this population. CAI is considered a multifaceted condition, making it difficult to determine the underlying cause of these altered reflexes.
Objective: To observe how mechanical laxity of the ankle affects lower limb cutaneous reflexes and perceived instability during gait and how surgical intervention to correct laxity affects these measures.
Design: Clinical Case Report
Setting: Research Laboratory
Patient: A physically active 25-year-old female (64in;130lbs) with 7 previous lateral ankle sprains (LAS) and met CAI diagnostic criteria based on CAI questionnaire scores. The patient underwent a Broström reconstruction of the CFL via allograft and partial synovectomy.
Main Outcome Measures: CAI questionnaire scores, middle latency lower limb cutaneous reflexes, and perceived instability following sural nerve stimulation during gait.
Results: Post-surgery, the patient’s CAIT and FAAM questionnaire scores aligned with those of a healthy individual. PL reflexes were diminished or inhibitory during the stance phases of gait. Pronounced variability of PL reflexes may have contributed to this lack of facilitation. BF facilitation at midstance was absent during both testing sessions while BF and RF facilitation was generally reduced post-surgical intervention. The patient’s average perceived instability following sural stimulation was markedly reduced from the pre-surgical (6.5±0.48) to post-surgical (1.9±0.24) session.
Conclusions: Mechanical instability likely contributed to the reflex variations seen in this patient pre- surgically, while the enhanced static stability provided by the surgical procedure may have reduced the need for dynamic stability via lower limb cutaneous reflexes observed in the follow-up session. Identifying the specific limitations experienced by an individual with CAI will allow for a more effective monitoring and treatment and provide improved long-term health-related quality of life outcomes.
The cross-sectional study of assessment of cognitive status in patients with poor glycemic control and good glycemic control of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Panati Dinesh , Madarapu Yethiraju , Sibbala Bharathi , Puthalapattu Swetha , Gandla Sujana Devi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Context:
Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes are well-known but the cognitive dysfunction is least known which can show major impact on the quality of life of diabetic patients.

Aims:
This study aims to assess the cognitive status among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methodology:
This is a cross-sectional study conducted from November 2023 to July 2024 after obtaining ethical committee approval. The sample of the study comprised of 90 persons, 30 persons were controls, 30 cases with good glycemic control, and 30 cases with poor glycemic control based on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) done within 3 months of the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A), and Brief Cognitive Rating Scale (BCRS) were used to assess the cognitive impairment.

Results:
The prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was 50%, 53.3%, and 56.6% according to TMT-A, BCRS, and MMSE, respectively. All the assessment methods have shown a significant difference in levels of cognition among diabetic cases than controls, and the impairment is more in cases with poor glycemic index. The cognitive decline was found to have a significant association with duration of illness (P < 0.0001), HbA1c (P < 0.0001), and number of medications (P < 0.0001) used by the diabetic patients.

Conclusions:
This study concludes that half of the proportion of diabetic patients are having impairment in various cognitive domains. Global functioning and self-care of the diabetic patients are affected more than the persons without diabetes. Hence, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with HbA1c > 7, increased duration of illness, and polyoral hypoglycemic medication need to be screened for cognitive impairment.
Bimodal Approach of Phytochemical Profiling of Panchakol Churna: A Polyherbal Formulation
Authors: Kumar Khushal , Joshi Sumedh , Rai Shalini , More Anand B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Phytochemicals from medicinal plants are crucial in traditional systems like Ayurveda and are increasingly important in modern healthcare. Panchakol Churna, a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation, is known for various therapeutic properties. This study aims to profile the bioactive compounds in Panchakol Churna using a bimodal approach that combines the Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry and Therapeutics (IMPPAT) database with high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HRLCMS).

Materials and Methods:

Panchakol Churna was prepared according to the Ayurvedic Formulary of India, with ingredients authenticated by the Regional Raw Drug Repository at AIIA, New Delhi. Phytochemical identification involved the IMPPAT 2.0 database and HRLCMS analysis using an Agilent G6550A MS Q-TOF system in both positive and negative ionization modes. Data analysis with Venny 2.1 identified common phytoconstituents across both ionization modes.

Results and Discussion:
HRLCMS identified 200 compounds, 100 in each mode, with 45 and 81 major compounds confirmed. Venny 2.1 revealed 127 common compounds between the two modes, highlighting the common constituents of Panchakol Churna. No overlap was observed between the phytoconstituents identified by IMPPAT and HRLCMS.

Conclusion:
The lack of overlap between the IMPPAT and HRLCMS results underscores the formulation’s complexity and suggests further exploration of its therapeutic potential. The findings support the development of a chemical library for medicinal plants, facilitating future pharmacological research and the authentication of medicinal plants.
Role of Ayurveda in the Management of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease - A Single-case Study
Authors: Patel Sarjita Tusharbhai , Gopalakrishna G. , Sajjanar Neelakanta J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder caused by unknown factors. It is considered as a distinct clinical presentation because of the presence of high anti-U1 ribonucleoprotein (anti-U1 RNP) antibodies. The prevalence rate is four times less than that of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), indicating an overall prevalence of 10/100,000.It is characterized by a combination of clinical features of SLE, polymyositis, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. A 36-year-old homemaker diagnosed with MCTD came to the outpatient department, which was managed by the treatment principles of vatarakta (connective tissue disorder in Ayurveda) and kushtha (disease of skin in Ayurveda). Virechana (Therapeutic laxative procedure in Ayurveda) along with oral medications were given for 7 days. The quality of life has been improved within 7 days of treatment. Inflammatory markers erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein and Visual Analog Scale for itching showed significant reduction.
Primaquine-induced Methemoglobinemia with Normal G6PD Levels
Authors: Sharma Ankur , Bhalekar Prashant , Pakale Ashutosh , Jain Sudeep 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Methemoglobinemia is a rare but serious condition characterized by elevated methemoglobin levels, which impairs oxygen delivery to tissues. It can be induced by various factors, including medications. This report presents a case of primaquine-induced methemoglobinemia in a 26-year-old female with normal G6PD levels. We highlight the importance of clinical awareness, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate management to prevent potentially life-threatening complications.
A Hospital-based Perspective Observational Study on Medication-related Problems in Clinical Practice
Authors: Dave Dhvani Rupeshkumar , Patel Jhanvi Anandrao , Suthar Jalpa V. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
One of the most significant problems seen during a patient’s hospital stay is medication-related problems (MRPs). MRPs are linked to longer hospital stays, higher healthcare costs, and higher morbidity and mortality rates. There are numerous domains and sub-domains that make up MRPS. Identification and resolution of such MRPs are largely the responsibility of a clinical pharmacist. To determine the prevalence of MRPs, to categorize them into various domains and identify the risk factors linked with them.

Materials and Methods:
An observational longitudinal study was conducted on 195 hospitalized patients. The socio-demographic details and medication chart of all patients were observed for 3 days. Each medication chart was evaluated for MRP (if any) and was classified into its domains and sub-domains.

Results:
MRP prevalence was found to be 24.61%. It was observed that, prescribing error (42, 89.3%) and unnecessary drug therapy (35, 81.3%) were the major MRP among the other. Statistical Analysis and Network Graph showed strong correlation between medication error and chronic disease and polypharmacy.

Conclusion:
There were many MRPs and a high prevalence rate for MRPs. Medication error and indication type had the greatest observed MRP. There was a significant association between medication error and chronic disease, medication error and polypharmacy, inappropriate drug therapy and geriatric patients, and medication error with polypharmacy.
Prevalence and Determinants of Cognitive Impairment: A Study from Punjab, North India
Authors: Yadav Neha , Chaudhary Vineet , Saraswathy Kallur Nava , Devi Naorem Kiranmala 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Due to the rapid aging of the global population, the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) has increased several-fold over the years. Studies have revealed that sociodemographic and lifestyle factors play a crucial role in the etiology of CI. While most studies have focused on urban populations, there is limited knowledge about the prevalence and determinants of CI in rural areas.

Objectives:
This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence and determinants of CI among rural adults in Mansa, Punjab, North India.

Methods:
A total of 956 rural adults of either sex were screened for CI using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The prevalence of CI was calculated using the standard cutoff (MMSE score <24) as well as cutoffs derived from age and education-stratified norms. Mean, standard deviation, median, and percentiles of MMSE score were used to determine age and education-stratified norms for CI. The association of CI with sociodemographic and lifestyle variables was examined by adjusted binary logistic regression analysis.

Results:
The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of CI using age and education-stratified norms was found to be 8.8% (7.1%–10.8%). Adjusted logistic regression models revealed older age and illiteracy to be associated with an increased risk for CI. Additionally, unemployment and smoking were also identified as risk factors for CI.

Conclusion:
The present study suggests a substantial prevalence rate of CI in the studied population. Older age, illiteracy, smoking, and unemployment were independently associated with CI risk.
Machine Learning: A Novel Approach for Predicting Visual Outcomes and Factors Affecting it in Patients with Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Shah Shreykumar Pravinchandra , Ranjith G , Narendran Meghana , Patel Biren Khimji , Gowda Arun , George Tobin , Easwer H V , Nair Prakash 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To use machine learning tool to predict visual outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort of 284 consecutive pituitary adenoma patients with preoperative visual deficit was used. Patient variables were collected. Preprocessing and classification was done in the open source ML tool box Weka (Ver 3.8.4). Four algorithms were used for classification—the J48 trees, LMT algorithm, the REP tree algorithm, and the Random Forest.

Results:
The study included a total of 284 patients. The mean duration of visual symptoms was 10.09 ± 4.3 months. There were 24 patients with uniocular involvement and 260 patients with binocular visual impairment: Vision improved in 89.78% patients, remained same in 9.86% and deteriorated in 0.3% patients and were same in 9.86% patients and deteriorated in 0.3% patient. Factors like extent of resection, preoperative visual acuity, tumor volume, and duration of symptoms were found to have statistically significant effect on postoperative visual outcome. The model predicting visual improvement had an AUC of 0.846; 88.94% accuracy, 78.4% specificity, and 93.7% sensitivity; 90.5% and 85.04% positive and negative predictive value, respectively; an F1 score of 0.921; and a Brier score of 0.291.

Conclusions:
Postoperative visual outcomes of pituitary adenoma surgery and factors affecting it can be predicted with 88.94% accuracy using a machine learning approach. Based on this preliminary evaluation, ML appears promising in predicting visual outcomes after endoscopic resection of pituitary adenomas, thus improving patient-tailored care and counselling.
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Breast Cancer among Women Aged More Than 30 Years in Rural Delhi, India
Authors: Lepcha Sunom M. , Khokhar Anita 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
The breast is the most common site for cancer in women in India. Its nature is multifactorial. In accordance with this, the current study was intended to find the prevalence of breast cancer risk factors among rural women in Delhi.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 244 women aged more than 30 years who resided in the five villages under a primary health centre in rural Delhi. Data were collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using the SPSS software licensed version 26.0.

Results:
Most 243 (99.6%) participants had at least one or more high-risk factors. Only 1 (0.4%) participant had none of the risk factors for breast cancer, while 148 (60.7%) had more than equal to three risk factors.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of high-risk factors for breast cancer is high as at least one or more risk factors for breast cancer were present in 243 (99.6%) study participants.