bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrective Osteotomy and Ligamentous Reconstruction in a Neglected Elbow Dislocation with Radial Neck Malunion
Authors: Negi Deepak Kumar , Aduri Tharun Teja , Thami Tarkik , Bhayana Himanshu 
Published: February 2024

Case:
Neglected elbow dislocation and radial neck malunion frequently result in chronic pain, instability, and early arthrosis. These complications are best prevented by early treatment with open reduction, corrective osteotomy, and ligament reconstruction, followed by early supervised physiotherapy. We present a peculiar case with neglected complex elbow dislocation and radial head malunion. In this case, we performed an open reduction of the elbow joint and radial neck corrective osteotomy, medial collateral ligament, annular ligament reconstruction, and lateral collateral ligament repair.

Conclusion:
Neglected complex elbow dislocations require reconstruction of both ligamentous and osseous structures to achieve a good functional outcome.
Explicit and Implicit Numerical Investigationof One-Dimensional Heat Equation Based on Spline Collocation and Thomas Algorithm
Authors: Jena Saumya Ranjan , Senapati Archana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In this paper, the explicit and implicit techniques are adopted to obtain the numerical solution of one-dimensional heat equation (parabolic linear partial differential equation) with the help of cubic spline technique. Spline provides continuous solution and the set of simultaneous equations obtained in explicit as well as implicit scheme can be solved by Thomas algorithm form tridiagonal dominant matrix. The efficiency and accuracy of the present scheme is justified through five numerical examples and the results are also compared with the analytical results and others in terms of error and error norms and . Stability analysis is performed using Von-Neuman approach and truncation error of both the schemes are performed and found to be convergence of order.
A 41-year_old female with unilateral isolated fallopian tube torsion: A rare Case Report from Syria.
Authors: Alsmoudi Hasan , Sleiay Mouhammed , Buz Ahmad , Alajami Lojain , alokla Abdulrahim Hamad , Alajami Mohammed 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Isolated fallopian tube torsion (IFTT) in the absence of ovarian abnormalities represents an uncommon gynecological etiology for acute pelvic pain, with an estimated incidence of around 1 in 1,500,000, as documented since the initial reported case by Bland-Sutton in 1890.A 41-year-old woman presented at the emergency department reporting symptoms indicative of intestinal obstruction, including nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and persistent abdominal discomfort over the preceding four-day period. Subsequent diagnosis revealed that she was experiencing isolated fallopian tube torsion.Healthcare providers should contemplate the possibility of isolated fallopian tube torsion when assessing women with sudden onset of abdominal pain, particularly those with a prior history of tubal ligation. The consideration of isolated fallopian tube torsion is also warranted in instances where acute abdominal pain accompanies an adnexal mass.
Dual-nutrient induced stress tolerance in wheat is regulated by nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, assimilation, reutilization, and differential expression of candidate genes
Authors: Pandey Renu , Sharma Sandeep , Mishra Ankita , Sakhare Akshay Sureshrao , Meena Surendra Kumar , Vengavasi Krishnapriya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
We investigated genetic variability in wheat for dual-nutrient stress (DNS) tolerance in field conditions due to soil deficiencies in essential nutrients like nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Most studies focus on model plants in controlled environments, but our research addresses DNS tolerance at the whole-plant level in real-world field conditions.
Methods
Seventy wheat genotypes were evaluated in field under low nutrient conditions (two years each for N and P). Data were subjected to principal component analysis and genotypes clustering by Ward’s method. In selected genotypes, the DNS tolerance mechanisms at physiological and molecular level were studied under different N and P treatment combinations.
Results
Field evaluation under low N and P demonstrated decreased total biomass and grain yield while nutrient use efficiency increased in comparison to their respective controls. The PCA (PC1+PC2) accounted for 54.1% (low N) and 56.1% (low P) genetic variability. Among genotypes, the physiological traits (biomass, N and P uptake, root morphology, N assimilation, extracellular acid phosphatase activity) were superior in HD2781, while inferior in C306 thereby, confirming the pattern obtained in the field. The expression of candidate genes involved in N and P transport, N assimilation, internal P remobilization, and transcription factors was significantly higher in HD2781 in comparison to C306.
Conclusion
Differential gene expression in wheat, particularly in genotype HD2781, enhances nutrient uptake, assimilation, and internal reutilization, contributing to dual-nutrient stress (DNS) tolerance. Recognizing resilient genotypes like HD2781 is crucial for sustaining wheat productivity in low-fertility soils.
Study on the correlation of chemical weathering indicators with paleoclimate recovery and major chemical constituents in sediments from Chaohu Lake, China
Authors: Huang Ming , Liu Ya-nan , Chen Fu-rong , Tao Yong , Sun Ya-min 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Usually, the study of inland lake sediments is mostly limited to sedimentary features, isotopes, grain size, magnetization rate, etc., while the study of material composition and weathering characteristics of inland lake sediments can deepen the understanding of chemical weathering of inland lakes. In this thesis, four positive chemical weathering indicators and one negative chemical weathering indicator were selected to study the surface and deep sediments of Chaohu Lake, China, and to analyze the chemical composition of Chaohu Lake sediments and the chemical compositional characteristics of source rocks in the Chaohu Lake basin. The mean CIA of Chaohu Lake sediments is <65, indicating that the Chaohu Lake Basin has a weak chemical weathering intensity, and the paleoclimate belongs to a cold, dry environment. The characteristics of Th/U, Sc/Th, Rb/Sr, Na2O/K2O, CaO/MgO and OC/N of the Chaohu sediments reflect the paleoclimate characteristics and the chemical composition of the source rocks in the Chaohu basin. The CIA, CIW, PIA, and CIX of Chaohu Lake sediments and the related chemical compositions as well as the ratios, showed significant positive or negative correlation or no correlation, which can correspond to the paleoclimate information of Chaohu Lake sediments and the distribution characteristics of the acquired chemical compositions, whereas WIP, a negative indicator of chemical weathering, did not show consistent correlation with the related chemical compositions as well as the ratios, which is not of significant research significance. To study the chemical weathering characteristics of Chaohu Lake sediments, it is necessary to combine with the geological characteristics of the lake basin, especially to analyze the chemical composition of rocks in the lake basin, and also to study the inlet rivers of inland lakes in order to analyze the chemical weathering characteristics of the sediments.
Unraveling Jasmonate-Mediated Plant Immunity Against Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae) in Peach: An Integrated Transcriptomic and RNA Sequencing Approach
Authors: Wang Xianyou , Guo Longlong , Zeng Yi , Zhou Ruijin , Fan Rongyao , Yan Yujun , Li Li 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The green peach aphid (GPA) is considered one of the most destructive pests posing a significant threat to the growth and fruit quality of peach trees (Prunus persica). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent an essential group of endogenous RNAs that play gene regulatory roles in plants. In this study, we identified 1776 lncRNAs from healthy and GPA-infested P. persica tissues, employing high-throughput strand-specific RNA sequencing. Our rigorous analysis of differential gene expression yielded 2871 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs), with 1803 genes exhibiting upregulation and 1068 genes exhibiting downregulation in response to the presence of GPA in peach trees. Our findings reveal the potential of lncRNAs to serve as crucial microRNA (miRNA) targets, thereby exerting a significant influence on miRNA activity. We further predicted two differentially expressed lncRNA–DEG pairs (circ16–miR482a and circ116–miR319a) associated with jasmonic acid (JA) pathway. Notably, endogenous JA levels in peach trees were continuously induced, primarily as a resistance mechanism against GPA infestation. Furthermore, spray application of JA significantly curtailed the GPA population.
Integrating Observational and Modelled Data to Advance the Understanding of Heat Stress Effects on Pregnant Subsistence Farmers in The Gambia
Authors: Bouverat Carole , Badjie Jainaba , Samateh Tida , Saidy Tida , Murray Kris A , Prentice Andrew M , Maxwell Neil , Haines Andy , Cabrera Ana Maria Vicedo , Bonell Ana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Studies on the effect of heat stress on pregnant women are scarce, particularly in highly vulnerable populations. To support the risk assessment of pregnant subsistence farmers in The Gambia, we conducted a study on the pathophysiological effects of extreme heat stress and assessed the applicability of heat stress indices. We added location-specific modelled solar radiation from ERA5 climate reanalysis to datasets from a previous observational cohort study involving on-site measurements of 92 women working in the heat. Associations between physiological and environmental variables were assessed through Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, mixed effect linear models with random intercepts per participant and confirmatory composite analysis. We found low to moderate associations (0 < r < 0.54) and robust estimates for independent effects of environmental variables on skin- and tympanic temperature, but not on heart rate and core temperature. Skin temperature increased more significantly in conditions above a 50% relative humidity threshold, demonstrating interactive effects between air temperature and relative humidity. Pregnant women experienced stronger pathophysiological effects of heat stress in their third than in their second trimester. In conclusion, environmental heat stress significantly altered maternal heat strain, particularly under humid conditions. Based on our results, we recommend including UTCI or WBGT in local heat-health warning systems.
Evaluation of Cu-toxicity in agricultural topsoil contaminated by different sources in central Chile
Authors: Schoffer J. Tomás , Aponte Humberto , Neaman Alexander , Fuente Luz María de la , Ginocchio Rosanna 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The primary fruit production zone in Chile lies in the lowland areas of the central region, which has a history of soil copper pollution due to both copper mining (in the highlands) and the use of copper-based pesticides in agriculture. This study assessed the phytotoxic effect of copper in agricultural topsoil contaminated by different sources in the region. A total of 13 agricultural sites, including polluted soils and a background unpolluted soil, were sampled, and a toxicity bioassay was conducted using Lolium perenne. Multiple linear regression models revealed that copper has a significant negative impact on plant growth, whereas soluble zinc, organic matter, available nitrogen, and clay have positive effects and mitigate copper toxicity (p < 0.001). The effective concentration at 50% (EC50) of the total soil copper was 1030 mg kg− 1 for shoot length and 1084 mg kg− 1 for shoot dry mass. These results correspond with the EC50 values reported in previous studies that also used real-world contaminated soils. Moreover, the findings are noteworthy as only six studies have estimated copper toxicity thresholds for plants grown in contaminated soils. Overall, the results highlight the complex nature of copper toxicity in plants grown in soils contaminated by different sources and underscore the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the impact of contaminants on plant growth in soils contaminated by various metals besides copper.
Electricity consumption and adaptation to climate change: heterogeneity across regions and economic sectors in China
Authors: Chen Hanyi , Li Qingran , Wang Xuebin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
There is growing empirical evidence that a warming climate will induce adaptation of the electricity system. Less understood is the extent to which climate change could exert on electricity demand given heterogeneity in consumption patterns and the latent mechanisms driving these patterns. We statistically estimate an asymmetric U-shaped temperature response function of city-level daily electricity consumptions using data in years 2018–2019 and examine heterogeneous responses across regions and economic sectors. Benefiting from the high-frequency electricity consumption data that covers 92 Chinese cities and multiple economic sectors, our findings speak to both the intensive margin as well as the extensive margin adaptation to climate change. We find that access to district heating can explain the asymmetry slopes in temperature-load responses. We also find that although the marginal load responses are statistically significant for all sectors in both high (> 25.6°C) and low (< 6.6°C) temperature ranges, the tertiary (service) sector load is more sensitive to temperature changes. Taking account of the tertiarization trend, we predict about 66% of the cities will experience more than 3% increase in their summer daily electricity consumption before year 2040. This will likely require substantial investments to expand power grid capacity and to build up energy storage.
Understanding Parkinson's Disease Conversations on Chinese Social Media: Themes, Trends, and Connections
Authors: Zhang Huihe , Wu Yue , Lin Bangyan , Tan Jiale , Xie Xinhao , Liang Zhenlin , Luo Peng , Feng Zeying 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Parkinson's disease profoundly impacts patients' quality of life, yet public awareness is limited. As social networks reach broad audiences, they are vital platforms for health communication. This study analyzed Parkinson's disease (PD) topics on China's major social network, Weibo, to reveal public awareness and concerns. We found Parkinson's became a popular keyword due to its association with hand tremors, though this trend may impede public comprehensive understanding of this disease. Through time series analysis, marketing accounts were found to publish misinformation through concentrated posts during specific periods, but this false information had limited impact. Further analysis of communication network structures showed people focused more on mutual aid than acquiring Parkinson's disease knowledge. This indicates advanced technique should be develop to promote accurate Parkinson's knowledge through social media. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic over the past three years led people to pay more attention to Parkinson's, demonstrating social media's role in responding to health crises. Overall, this study details how people discuss diseases on social media, providing a basis for developing communication strategies to promote Parkinson's and other diseases, while also informing patient mutual aid systems. To our best knowledge, this is the first study revealing the communications characteristics of PD related contents on social network. The findings may also empower more effective health promotion and patient support worldwide through social networks.
Commelina benghalensis attenuates cyclophosphamide induced hepatotoxicity by preserving hepatic mitochondrial activity through upregulating pro-mitochondrial proteins
Authors: Allakonda Lingesh , Potnuri Ajay Godwin , Ranjan Rakshit , Danaboina Gnana Bhaskar , Kurra Subramanyam , Kumar Sudheer 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Anticancer therapy is largely impeded by its non-specificity and toxicity. They induce cell death by triggering oxidative stress. Cyclophosphamide (CP) is used as antineoplastic agent against solid tumours, lymphomas and leukaemias. Metabolites of CP will potentially damage the glutathione reserves and thereby induces cell death. Strategies that can attenuate this off-target effect of CP could be helpful in successful treatment of cancers with fewer side effects. Commelina benghalensis (Linn) belongs to apocynaceae family and is widely used in oriental traditional medicine. Despite of its medicinal value, its potential against drug induced hepatotoxicity is unknown. The present study evaluates the hepatoprotective effect of hydroethanolic extract of Commelina benghalensis (HECB) in rat model of CP induced hepatotoxicity.
Methods
Chemical characterization of HECB was carried out followed by DPPH assay. Liver weight, serum hepatic enzyme activity and hepatic antioxidant reserves were estimated after treatments at 50 and 100 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNFα were analysed in the tissue lysates. Mitochondrial integrity was performed by analysing Complex I activity followed by estimating the NRF2 and Mitochondrial Transcriptional Factor A (TFAM) levels. Histopathological analysis of liver was carried out and phenobarbitone induced sleeping time was performed to confirm the hepatoprotective effect.
Results
Flavonoids and phenolic compounds were found at higher concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml with a significant free radical scavenging activity as displayed by DPPH assay. Administration of CP has resulted in increased liver weight, elevated serum hepatic enzyme activity along with Inflammatory markers, decreased hepatic antioxidant reserves, profound oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial activity. Correspondingly, daily oral administration of HECB reduced actual and relative liver weights, normalized circulating hepatic enzyme activity as well as inflammatory markers, hepatic oxidative stress and restored antioxidant reserves. Further hepatic mitochondrial activity, NRF2 and TFAM levels were also improved. Hepatoprotective effect pronounced by HECB was further confirmed by histopathological analysis and phenobarbitone induced sleeping time. Nonetheless, the hepatoprotective effect was more prominently observed at 100 mg/kg dose.
Conclusion
Conclusively, the study provides preliminary evidence regarding hepatoprotective activity of HECB and the contribution of its antioxidant potential towards this pharmacological effect.
Development and Validation of MRI-based Brain Volumetry Model Predicting Poor Psychomotor Outcomes in Preterm Neonate
Authors: Park Joonsik , Han Jungho , Song In Gyu , Eun Ho Seon , Park Min Soo , Sohn Beomseok , Shin Jeong Eun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Infant FreeSurfer was introduced to address robust quantification and segmentation in the infant brain. The purpose of this study is to develop a new model for predicting the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight preterm infants using automated volumetry extracted from term-equivalent age (TEA) brain MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and clinical information.
Methods
Preterm neonates hospitalized at Severance Children’s Hospital, born between January 2012 and December 2019, were consecutively collected. Inclusion criteria included infants with birth weights under 1500 g who underwent both TEA MRI and Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 2nd Edition (BSID-II) assessments at 18–24 months of corrected age (CA). Brain volumetric information was derived from Infant FreeSurfer using 3D T1WI of TEA MRI. Mean and standard deviation of fractional anisotropy of posterior limb of internal capsules were measured. Demographic information and comorbidities were used as clinical information. Study cohorts were split in training and test set with 7:3 ratio. Random forest and logistic regression models were developed to predict low Psychomotor Development Index (PDI < 85) and low Mental Development Index (MDI < 85), respectively. Performance metrics, including the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1 score, were evaluated in test set.
Results
A total of 150 patient data were analyzed. For predicting low PDI, the random forest classifier was employed. The AUROC values for models using clinical variables, MR volumetry, and both clinical variables and MR volumetry were 0.8435, 0.7281, and 0.9297, respectively. To predict low MDI, a logistic regression model was chosen. The AUROC values for models using clinical variables, MR volumetry, and both clinical variables and MR volumetry were 0.7483, 0.7052, and 0.7755, respectively. The model incorporating both clinical variables and MR volumetry exhibited the highest AUROC values for both PDI and MDI prediction.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a new prediction model utilizing an automated volumetry algorithm significantly distinguishes the long-term psychomotor developmental outcomes of preterm infants. This model can provide additional information in clinical settings without requiring specialized expertise.
Determinants and Outcomes of the Decentralised Management of Patients With Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in the O.r Tambo District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa, a Cohort Study
Authors: JO Iruedo , PATHER MICHAEL 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) continues to plague the global community, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, with South Africa bearing a high burden of the disease. Several strategies have been developed and recommended for implementation to improve the outlook of DR-TB management. In 2018, the O.R. Tambo District Municipality implemented a decentralised community-based DR-TB care model. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the model, with the specific objective of identifying the determinants of successful community-based DR-TB management in the district.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted, enrolling all patients diagnosed with DR-TB in the O.R. Tambo District Municipality, with most managed at five decentralised sites in the district and some managed at the centralised Nkqubela Chest Hospital in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality.
Results
A total of 454 patients from six facilities (five decentralised and one centralised) from 2018 to 2020 participated in the study. Their average age was 37.54 years (SD=14.94). There was a preponderance of males in the cohort, at 56.2%, and 62.9% were HIV positive. The combined treatment success was 62.4%, with 34.3% of patients being cured of DR-TB and 28.1% completing their treatment. In total, 11.1% of the cohort died during the study period, and 9.6% were reported as loss to follow-up (LTFU). There were no statistically significant differences between outcomes among patients seen at the decentralised district level and those managed at the centralised specialist hospital.
Conclusion
The decentralised community DR-TB care model was effective, as revealed in the treatment success rate of 62.4% and low reported deaths and patient LTFU. In addition, the decentralised care model was not inferior in any respect to the centralised management of DR-TB.
Contribution: This study furthered our understanding of the impact and effectiveness (improved treatment success and low loss to follow up) of the decentralised community management of DR-TB in the OR Tambo district.