bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The spatio-temporal distribution of aromatase cytochrome in ovary throughout the canine oestrous cycle
Authors: Lindh L. , Kowalewski M. P. , Goericke-Pesch S. K. , Lindeberg H. , Schuler G. , Peltoniemi O. A. T. 
Published: March 2024

Context New animal welfare legislation and ethical guidelines encourage alternative approaches for canine contraception, instead of surgical gonadectomy which is considered invasive and unjustified in healthy dogs. Aims Reversible contraception might be achieved by inhibition of aromatase (CYP19), an enzyme catalysing the conversion of androgens to oestrogens. This study provides insights into the spatio-temporal expression and distribution of aromatase in canine ovarian tissue. Methods Ovarian tissue was collected from 39 healthy and sexually mature bitches during different stages of the oestrous cycle: pro-oestrus (n = 8), oestrus (n = 12), dioestrus (n = 9) (luteal phase) and anoestrus (n = 10). Localisation of cytochrome P450 aromatase was determined by immunohistochemistry. Key results Aromatase activity in the dog is high during pro-oestrus, ovulation and early dioestrus. Comparing types of follicles and corpora lutea, the highest aromatase abundance was found in antral follicles and luteinising follicles, whereas corpora lutea and early antral follicles showed an intermediate presence of the enzyme. Interesting was the high abundance of aromatase in luteinising theca interna cells, prevailing over granulosa cells. Conclusions and implications Understanding of cells involved in oestradiol production is important for targeted inhibition of oestradiol synthesis, possibly offering an approach for contraception and suppression of oestrus.
The power of language
Authors: Gabsi Zouhir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
One of the most overlooked areas of study in the post-Arab Spring narrative is the symbiotic relationship between
language and politics. Framed by the micro and macro-level approaches to discourse, the paper’s scope is twofold. First, it
identifies and discusses how language elements underpin the performative role of language (Austin 1975 [1962]) and considers Searle’s (1969) work on speech-acts and
rhetoric through irony and metaphor. Second, it discusses how the study of language, through power and ideology, provides a candid
and deeper understanding of Tunisian politics; an ‘internal’ perspective on how participants in these discourses perceive the
Tunisian people, society, culture, and politics, reflecting on a decade since the revolution. The paper hinges on various textual
genres, such as televised interviews, debates, and rap songs, sampling some emerging new sociopolitical spaces wherein, through
discursive themes, participants address Tunisia’s political and economic grievances since the revolution.
Final report on EURAMET key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.1 (1522)
Authors: Prochaska L , Rauch J , Furtado A , Benga F , Bartos P , Bebic J , Lenard E , Alisic S , Alic A , Neuvonen P T , Sariyerli G S , Akcadag Ü Y 
Published: March 2024

Main text
The key comparison EURAMET.M.D-K2.1 (1522) on the density of liquids determined by hydrostatic weighing was organized and carried out within the framework of the EMPIR project 17RPT02 "rhoLiq". Density measurements of liquids are mainly performed by laboratories calibrating or checking liquid density measuring instruments such as oscillation-type density meters. Another aim of this comparison was to establish traceability for liquid density measurements at emerging National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) to enable them to provide high-level measurement and calibration services for national stakeholders, e.g. food, chemical, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. The results of this comparison can be used to claim calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs).
Most European emerging NMIs in this project had not yet participated in comparisons or obtained unsatisfactory results, or the uncertainty had a magnitude that was not fit for purpose.
BEV (Austria) piloted this comparison, supported by PTB (Germany).
Samples of deuterated water, tetrachloroethylene and oil of high viscosity were measured in the temperature range from 5 °C to 20 °C at atmospheric pressure by hydrostatic weighing for this comparison.
The coronavirus pandemic caused delays in this key comparison's proposed initial schedule. Measurements were performed in 2021. The reference values of the key comparison were linked to CCM.D-K2 for PTB and EURAMET.M.D-K2 for BEV.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Final report of APMP.AUV.V-S1: supplementary comparison on calibration of laser tachometers using mechanical generators
Authors: Qiao Sun , Lei Du , Shan Cui , Jianqiang Mou 
Published: March 2024

Main text
This is the final report for APMP supplementary comparison APMP.AUV.V-S1 in the area of 'vibration' (quantity of rotational speed). The aim of this comparison was to compare primary measurements of rotational speed in the range from 10 r/min to 99 999 r/min. Two Metrology Institutes from APMP have participated in the comparison with National Institute of Metrology, P.R. China as pilot lab. Both laboratories used mechanical generators as standard equipment and provided their calibration results, which were all consistent within their declared expanded uncertainties for the measurement results except for 10 r/min. Both participants contributed to the SCRVs calculated for thirteen rotational speed comparison values. NMC was not consistent within their declared expanded uncertainties at 10 r/min. Further improvements of their calibration devices and uncertainty evaluations will provide more accurate and reliable measurement results in the future.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCAUV, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Hybrid geometrodynamics: a Hamiltonian description of classical gravity coupled to quantum matter
Authors: Alonso J L , Bouthelier-Madre C , Clemente-Gallardo J , Martínez-Crespo D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We generalize the Hamiltonian picture of general relativity coupled to classical matter, known as geometrodynamics, to the case where such matter is described by a quantum field theory in curved spacetime, but gravity is still described by a classical metric tensor field over a spatial hypersurface and its associated momentum. Thus, in our approach there is no non-dynamic background structure, apart from the manifold of events, and the gravitational and quantum degrees of freedom have their dynamics inextricably coupled. Given the Hamiltonian nature of the framework, we work with the generators of hypersurface deformations over the manifold of quantum states. The construction relies heavily on the differential geometry of a fibration of the set of quantum states over the set of gravitational variables. An important mathematical feature of this work is the use of Minlos’s theorem to characterize Gaussian measures over the space of matter fields and of Hida distributions to define a common superspace to all possible Hilbert spaces with different measures, to properly characterize the Schrödinger wave functional picture of QFT in curved spacetime. This allows us to relate states within different Hilbert spaces in the case of vacuum states or measures that depend on the gravitational degrees of freedom, as the ones associated to Ashtekar’s complex structure. This is achieved through the inclusion of a quantum Hermitian connection for the fibration, which will have profound physical implications. The most remarkable physical features of the construction are norm conservation of the quantum state (even if the total dynamics are non-unitary), the clear identification of the hybrid conserved quantities and the description of a dynamical backreaction of quantum matter on geometry and vice versa, which shall modify the physical properties the gravitational field would have in the absence of backreaction.
Entanglement dynamics of two non-Hermitian qubits
Authors: Zhang Yi-Xi , Zhang Zhen-Tao , Wei Xiao-Zhi , Liang Bao-Long , Mei Feng , Yang Zhen-Shan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The evolution of entanglement in a non-Hermitian quantum system may behave differently compared to its Hermitian counterpart. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement dynamics of two coupled and driven non-Hermitian qubits. Through calculating the concurrence of the system, we find that the evolution of the bipartite entanglement manifests two distinct patterns in the parameter space. In the low non-Hermiticity regime, the concurrence oscillates significantly, while in the opposite regime the same quantity would trend to a stable value. We attribute this phenomenon to parity-time (

PT

) symmetry phase transition. We also study the effect of decoherence on the entanglement dynamics. Our work provides a method to stabilize entanglement by exploiting non-Hermiticity.
Application of a metallic-magnetic calorimeter for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of Fe at an EBIT
Authors: Herdrich M O , Hengstler D , Allgeier S , Friedrich M , Fleischmann A , Enss C , Bernitt S , Morgenroth T , Trotsenko S , Schuch R , Stöhlker Th 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this work, we present an experiment conducted at the S-EBIT-I ion trap of GSI. It involved the study of ion-electron collisions of Fe and Ba ions in various charge states with the electron beam. Characteristic x-ray radiation emitted during the continuous interaction was recorded utilizing an energy-dispersive maXs-30 detector based on metallic-magnetic calorimeter (MMC) technology. Optimizations to the applied sensitivity-drift correction and energy calibration procedures significantly improved the achieved energy resolution compared to previous applications of a similar detector. This made it possible to individually resolve and identify overlapping x-ray lines of iron and barium in a wide spectral range. As a demonstration of the outstanding detector performance, we used the recorded spectral data to extract an estimate of the charge state distribution of Fe ions in the trap. This experiment campaign marks an important milestone in the ongoing effort to enable the deployment of MMC detectors for future high-precision measurements in fundamental physics experiments.
Interference effects in Compton scattering of keV photons at H
2+
: a nonrelativistic analytical approach
Authors: Dieng Matabara , Bachau Henri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study interference effects in Compton scattering at molecule by keV photons. As a test case we investigate the molecular system H

2
+

at the equilibrium internuclear distance and in the dissociative channel. The initial molecular wavefunction is described as a linear combination of atomic orbitals centered on each nucleus. The final continuum state is a two-centre continuum Coulomb wavefunction. Using these approximations, we obtain an analytical form for the Compton scattering fully differential cross section. We investigate the molecular effects at various internuclear distance for an incident photon energy close to 2.1 keV. The relative contribution of the

A
⋅
P

and
A

2 coupling terms in the Compton scattering magnitude is discussed (where
P
is the electron momentum operator and
A
the vector potential of the field). We focus on Cohen-Fano type interference effects, as the ones observed in the photoionization of molecules.
Robust magnetism and crystal structure in Dirac semimetal EuMnBi2 under high pressure
Authors: Jose Greeshma C , Xie Weiwei , Lavina Barbara , Zhao Jiyong , Alp Esen E , Zhang Dongzhou , Bi Wenli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Dirac materials offer exciting opportunities to explore low-energy carrier dynamics and novel physical phenomena, especially their interaction with magnetism. In this context, this work focuses on studies of pressure control on the magnetic state of EuMnBi2, a representative magnetic Dirac semimetal, through time-domain synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy in 151Eu. Contrary to the previous report that the antiferromagnetic order is suppressed by pressure above 4 GPa, we have observed robust magnetic order up to 33.1 GPa. Synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction experiment on a pure EuMnBi2 sample shows that the tetragonal crystal lattice remains stable up to at least 31.7 GPa.
Exploring the effect of a phenomenological teaching-learning sequence on lower secondary school students’ views of light polarisation
Authors: Tóth Kristóf , Michelini Marisa , Bitzenbauer Philipp 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The wave model of light in general, and the phenomenon of light polarisation in particular, are difficult topics for secondary school students. Prior research has indicated that a model-free phenomenological teaching approach may be fruitful in helping students overcome some of the widespread learning obstacles. These phenomenological approaches are characterised by their departure from abstract and mechanistic models of light, opting instead to prioritise students’ observations throughout the exploration of phenomena and experiments, unburdened by mathematical formalism or theoretical models. In this paper, we present a three-lessons phenomenological teaching-learning sequence on light polarisation. We evaluated of the teaching concept in classroom practise and analysed ways of thinking about light polarisation among N = 110 students (aged 12–14 years) who participated in the intervention using qualitative content analysis of free-text responses. The results provide preliminary empirical evidence that the presented instructional approach can contribute to the development of a qualitative understanding of polarisation among learners in introductory optics.
Experimental validation of the brachistochrone curve
Authors: Azevedo Silva Pessôa Matheus , Kljunak Jelena , Zhivaljevikj Elena , Smilevska Mihaela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We built a simple, cheap and accessible experiment to study the motion of spherical beads through three different curves, one of them being the curve of fastest descent, or brachistochrone. Despite the absence of a no-friction constraint and the rolling of the beads, our experimental findings consistently support the conclusion that the brachistochrone path remains the fastest. We perform a numerical simulation to confront with experiments and obtain that the values are in agreement, with

t

t
h
e
o
r
y

=
0.237

s, and

t
‾

b
r
a
q

=
0.25
±
0.03

s. This simple system not only serves as a practical demonstration of minimization principles but can also inspire and engage students in high schools and colleges interested in physics.
Identifying quantum effects in seeded QED cascades via laser-driven residual gas in vacuum
Authors: Guo Yinlong , Geng Xuesong , Ji Liangliang , Shen Baifei , Li Ruxin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The discrete and stochastic nature of the processes in the strong-field quantum electrodynamics (SF-QED) regime distinguishes them from classical ones. An important approach to identifying the SF-QED features is through the interaction of extremely intense lasers with plasma. Here, we investigate the seeded QED cascades driven by two counter-propagating laser pulses in the background of residual gases in a vacuum chamber via numerical simulations. We focus on the statistical distributions of positron yields from repeated simulations under various conditions. By increasing the gas density, the positron yields become more deterministic. Although the distribution stems from both the quantum stochastic effects and the fluctuations of the environment, the quantum stochastic effects can be identified via the width of the distribution and the exceptional yields, both of which are higher than the quantum-averaged results. The proposed method provides a statistical approach to identifying the quantum stochastic signatures in SFQED processes using high-power lasers and residual gases in the vacuum chamber.
Unveiling surface and bulk contributions in temperature dependent THz emission from Bi2Te3
Authors: Nivedan Anand , Kumar Sunil 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We report evolution of the pulsed terahertz (THz) emission from Bi2Te3 topological insulator in a wide temperature range, where an interplay between the topological surface and bulk contributions can be addressed in a distinguishable manner. A circular photogalvanic effect-induced topological surface current contribution to THz generation can be clearly identified in the signal, otherwise, overwhelmed by the hot carrier decoherence in the bulk states. With the decreasing temperature, an initial sharp increase in the topological surface THz signal is observed before it attains a constant value below ∼200 K. The scattering channels between topological surface and bulk regions via carrier-phonon scattering are dominantly active only above the bulk-Debye temperature of ∼180 K, and the temperature-independent behavior of it at lower temperatures is indicative of robust nature of topological surface states. THz emission due to ultrafast photon-drag current in the bulk states is almost independent of temperature in the entire range, while the combined photo-Dember and band-bending effects induced photocurrent is doubled at 10 K.
Large tunneling magnetoresistance and its high bias stability in Weyl half-semimetal based lateral magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Tan Jianing , Yang Guowei , Ouyang Gang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based on novel states of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials will significantly improve the value of the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio. However, most 2D magnetic materials exhibit low critical temperatures, limiting their functionality to lower temperatures rather than room temperature. Moreover, most MTJs experience the decay of TMR ratio at large bias voltages within a low spin injection efficiency (SIE). Here, we construct a series of MTJs with Weyl half-semimetal (WHSM, e.g. MnSiS3, MnSiSe3, and MnGeSe3 monolayers) as the electrodes and investigate the spin-dependent transport properties in these kind of lateral heterojunctions by employing density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function method. We find that an ultrahigh TMR (∼109%) can be obtained firmly at a small bias voltage and maintains a high SIE even at a large bias voltage, and MnSiSe3 monolayer is predicted to exhibit a high critical temperature. Additionally, we reveal that the same structure allows for the generation of fully spin-polarized photocurrent, irrespective of the polarization angle. These findings underscore the potential of WHSMs as candidate materials for high-performance spintronic devices.
Fisher information rates in sequentially measured quantum systems
Authors: O’Connor Eoin , Campbell Steve , Landi Gabriel T 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider the impact that temporal correlations in the measurement statistics can have on the achievable precision in a sequential metrological protocol. In this setting, and for a single quantum probe, we establish that it is the transitions between the measurement basis states that plays the most significant role in determining the precision, with the resulting conditional Fisher information being interpretable as a rate of information acquisition. Projective measurements are shown to elegantly demonstrate this in two disparate estimation settings. Firstly, in determining the temperature of an environment and, secondly, to ascertain a parameter of the system Hamiltonian. In both settings we show that the sequential estimation approach can provide a useful method to enhance the achievable precision.
Predicting the AC conductivity of semiconductor composition thin films using ANFIS model; an integrated experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Mohamed R A , Atyia H E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The current research investigates the conductivity σ

AC
of glassy As4Ge24Te72 thin films through a combined experimental and theoretical approach. It sheds light on the complex relationship between σ

AC
, frequency, temperature, and film thickness. Analysis reveals that σ

AC
follows ω
r law and exhibits hopping behavior. To effectively model and predict σ

AC
, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is utilized. The ANFIS model successfully simulates the experimental data, showing high accuracy. Additionally, the prediction of experimentally measured values of σ

AC
is processed as a testing step and provides acceptable results. That enables ANFIS to enlarge the scale and complete the missing parts in the trained datasets by predictions for unmeasured σ

AC
values. The ANFIS network was built using MATLAB-R2017a. It consists of two inputs (frequency and temperature) and one output (AC conductivity). The precision is confirmed by calculating the modeling errors across the training process. The mean absolute errors MAE through the modeling process are not exceeding

10

−
5

.

This average error value demonstrates the model’s effective ability. The alignment between experimental and ANFIS modeling results open up exciting possibilities for future research. By predicting the properties of the understudy material using ANFIS model, we can pave the way for more compact and efficient electrical devices.
Spatial shifts of reflected rotating elliptical Gaussian beams from surface phonon polaritons in hyperbolic materials
Authors: Li Yu-Bo , Song Hao-Yuan , Wang Xiang-Guang , Zhang Qiang , Fu Shu-Fang , Wang Xuan-Zhang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The effect of surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) on Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shifts of reflected rotating elliptical Gaussian beams (REGBs) is investigated in the Otto configuration with a naturally hyperbolic material (NHM) substrate. The spatial shifts are enhanced significantly and adjusted by tuning the REGBs and the optical axis orientation of NHM. The magnitude of GH and IF shifts is easily evaluated by timing the elliptical parameter

b

0

2

on the basis of the spatial shift at

b

0

=
1.0

when

η
(
=

a

0

/

b

0

)
≥
2.0
.

The attenuation total reflection (ATR) spectra are simulated for a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) substrate. To better understand the impact of SPhPs on the GH and IF shifts, the dispersion curves of SPhPs are calculated. The features of GH and IF shifts around SPhPs can be observed through the frequency scanning along the dispersion curves at a fixed incident angle. The comparison between the ATR spectra and the dispersion curves demonstrates that the enhancement of GH and IF shifts with higher reflection always occurs in the reststrahlen bands (RBs) of NHM once SPhPs are excited. In RB-I, the magnitudes of GH and IF shifts attributable to the SPhPs are located between the peak and dip of a shift curve within a very narrow frequency region. However, in RB-II, the positive maximum values of GH and IF shifts just coincide with the SPhPs. As a result, it is predicted that a relatively large spatial shift will be observed along the frequency scanning line. The large shifts accompanied by the higher reflection may show potential applications in optical or optoelectronic technologies.