bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal Manifestation of Sickle Cell Disease. A Report On 35 Patients with Literature Review
Authors: Shalal Furat Hassan , Hamdan T. A , Chasib Raed Jasim , F. Lui Darren 
Published: April 2024

Background: Sickle cell disease is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy affecting the spine in a wide range of pathology. Despite the several pathological involvements, some patients remain asymptomatic even with positive imaging findings.
Objectives: Theme of this study is to report the various pathological disorders involving the spine of patients with sickle cell disease in Basra “south of Iraq”
Patients and method: 35 Homozygous and heterozygous sickle cell patients were included in this study. 22 Males and 13 females, their age range from 6 to 69 years they were evaluated clinically, and also by laboratory imaging studies like plain radiography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and mineral bone density “DEXA scan “
Results: 54% of the patients were homozygous, and the remaining were heterozygous, 66% of them were asymptomatic, back pain was the complaint in 60% while spine tenderness was reported in 40%, 31% had tenderness in the sacroiliac region and only 6% had neurological claudication and focal neurological deficit. Biconcave vertebra was confirmed in 72% of the patients and mainly localized in the lumbar Spine, MRI findings of vertebral infarction were observed in 58% of the studied patients while sacroiliac joint changes appeared in 60%, 60% of those who had DEXA scan showed low mineral bone density in the lumbar spine
Conclusion: Sickle cell disease involve the whole Spine in a wide range of pathological process, some show clinical symptoms, and some remain asymptomatic in spite of changes. The structural changes are more obvious in the homozygous group (55) the lumber spine is dominantly involved, disc prolapse, and neurological deficit is rare while the low mineral changes is common. We did not report a case of spondylodiscitis in this series, though it is very much expected, so routine screening of the spine in sticklers is mandatory
Educação CTS: discurso dos discentes de edificações do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Braga da Silva Elison Victor , Oliveira Nunes Albino , Parga Lozano Diana Lineth 
Published: April 2024

Este estudo analisou as percepções de um grupo de estudantes sobre as relações entre a construção civil, a sociedade e o meio ambiente, bem como o uso da educação CTS no processo formativo dos Técnicos em Edificações formados pelo Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN). Para isso, foi realizada uma intervenção pedagógica com o tema gestão de resíduos da construção civil, na qual os alunos produziram textos argumentativos tratados a partir da análise de conteúdo, apoiada na estatística textual do software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados indicaram que os estudantes consideram que a formação oferecida aos técnicos não aborda adequadamente os impactos socioambientais da construção civil. Além disso, a intervenção promoveu a reflexão sobre a importância do tema para o desenvolvimento sustentável da construção civil, fazendo uso da educação CTS no percurso educacional dos técnicos.
PENATAAN KORIDOR KAWASAN SEKUMPUL MARTAPURA SEBAGAI WISATA RELIGI
Authors: Hadi Meidina Kartika , Sarbini Gusti Novi 
Published: April 2024

Sekumpul, Martapura is acknowledged as a religious tourism destination by Banjar District’s Department of Tourism. Its number of visitors increase rapidly each year, crowding the streets especially in Martapura and Banjarbaru. Yearly, monthly, and even weekly events attract a lot of pilgrims, which boost the economic sector of the local community. This location, which was popularized by K.H. Abdul Ghani (also known as Guru Sekumpul) has now been filled with many activities. Unfortunately, the physical condition of Sekumpul can no longer accommodate the locals nor the pilgrims. The problem of traffic jams, discomfort and unsafety of pedestrians, and even the dryness of the area must be given solutions so that existing facilities will not go to waste. To solve these problems, the “walkable place” concept is applied, which uses the “sense of place” method with its 3 aspects (form, image, and activities). The walkable place concept is considered suitable and applicable for Rearrangement of Sekumpul Corridor, Martapura, solving problems of the physical conditions by road widening while still considering the existing conditions, adding amenities, creating positive spaces, optimizing the potential of the religious and commercial sectors, and also strengthening Sekmpul’s sense of place. The identity and character already formed in Sekumpul cannot be ignored and changed, therefore this design conserves while also developing for the good of the users.
Overhead spray water treatment as a mitigation strategy to alleviate vine stress and safeguard grape quality during heatwaves
Authors: Wilson Alena , Dizy Marta , Dominguez Deolindo , De Rosas Maria Inés , Baldo Yesica , Garcia Luciana , Gargantini Raquel , Deis Leonor , Martinez Liliana 
Published: April 2024

Changes in climate are influencing the quality of wine grapes worldwide. The impact of extreme climate events over short periods is increasingly recognised as a serious risk to grape quality and yield quantity. In this study, the mitigation effects of a pulsed water spray treatment on vine canopy during heatwave (HW) events were evaluated in relation to vine condition during the growing season and grape quality. In the UNCuyo experimental vineyard, vines of the three cultivars Malbec (ML), Bonarda (BO) and Syrah (SY) were treated with an overhead pulsed water spray. Heatwaves were defined as days with a minimum temperature of 21 °C and a maximum temperature of 35 °C. Two heat waves were identified during the growing season. Samples were collected at weekly intervals from veraison to harvest. On five sample dates, Leaf and Stem Water Potential (LWP, SWP), Stomatal Conductance (gs), Leaf Temperature (LT), Berry Temperature (BT), Chlorophyll Content (CC), Fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and Performance Index (PI) were recorded at several time points during the day to evaluate the physiological responses of the vine. Berries were collected on each sample date and at harvest. Berry weight, soluble solid content and pH were recorded. In the treated vines (Trt), LWP, SWP, Fv/Fm, PI and gs were significantly higher and LT was lower than in the control vines (Ctl) during the second heatwave, which was longer and more intense than the first one. One week after the more severe heatwave, LWP, SWP and gs remained significantly higher in Trt than in Ctl, displaying reduced physiological stress in Trt. At harvest, the anthocyanin profile, total polyphenol index (TPI), fruit yield, number of bunches and their average weight, berry weight, soluble solid content and pH were also recorded. Bunch weight was significantly higher in Trt for all cultivars. No differences were found in total anthocyanin concentration. These findings indicate that the vines subjected to targeted overhead water treatment during heatwaves underwent less physiological stress and yielded higher grape production, without increasing the risk of potential fungus diseases, in the Mendoza climate. Consequently, this practice could serve as a valuable strategy for mitigating the adverse effects of heatwaves.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran CORE dengan Pendekatan Scientific terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis SMP Paramarta Unggulan
Authors: Herlina Nofita  , Wijayanti Dwi Antari , Santi Vera Maya 
Published: April 2024

Kemampuan penting yang harus dimiliki siswa salah satunya adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Kemampuan tersebut dapat ditingkatkan melalui penerapan model dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang tepat. Salah satu model dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa adalah model pembelajaran CORE dengan pendekatan scientific. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran CORE dengan pendekatan scientific terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah motode quasi experiment dan desain penelitiannya yaitu Posttest Only Control Group Desain. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu teknik cluster random sampling. Kelas yang terpilih sebagai sampel yaitu kelas VIII-1 dan VIII-2 SMP Paramarta Unggulan. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari 4 soal tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis yang berbentuk uraian pada materi fungsi linear. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis-t, dan uji besar pengaruh. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis-t diperoleh dan sehingga nilai maka ditolak. Oleh karena itu, penerapan model pembelajaran CORE dengan pendekatan scientific memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Hasil perhitungan menggunakan uji Cohen’s Effect Size menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran CORE dengan pendekatan scientific memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa sebesar 69%.
Apatite Triple Dating (Lu–Hf, U–Pb, FT) Constrains Deformation and Cooling in the Coompana and Madura Provinces, Western Australia
Authors: Bedoya Alejandra , Glorie Stijn , Hand Martin , Kirkland Christopher L. , Kelsey David E. , Nixon Angus , Fraser Geoff 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Combined apatite Lu–Hf, U–Pb, and fission track (AFT) triple dating affords the opportunity to investigate the ~60 and 730°C thermal history of a study area. Here, we apply apatite triple dating to resolve the tempo of multiple thermo-tectonic events within the Precambrian basement rocks of the Coompana (COP) and Madura (MAP) Provinces, Western Australia. Apatite Lu–Hf dates for the western COP (~1.52 Ga) and MAP (~1.36 Ga) agree with published Mesoproterozoic magmatic crystallization ages. Younger apatite U–Pb dates (~1.16–1.12 Ga) for the western COP and MAP suggest isotopic decoupling and radiogenic-Pb loss by volume diffusion in response to metamorphism at that time. Further East in the COP, the apatite Lu–Hf, and U–Pb dates are within uncertainty of each other and are interpreted to reflect recrystallization at ~1.20–1.14 Ga, coinciding with the late Mesoproterozoic Maralinga thermomagmatic event. The imprints of such an event were more pervasive towards the eastern COP, resulting in a thermally weakened crust in this area. AFT results constrain the subsequent Phanerozoic low-temperature history which has contrasting thermal trajectories on either side of the Mundrabilla Shear Zone (MSZ). Thermal history modeling suggests an early Carboniferous rapid cooling pulse (~360–330 Ma) for the COP, east of the MSZ, that is contemporaneous with the intraplate Devonian–Carboniferous Alice Springs Orogeny. In contrast, the MAP, west of the MSZ, records a protracted monotonic cooling history since the Middle Devonian, implying long-term crustal stability. The differences in low-temperature thermal histories may be preconditioned by the extent of thermal weakening during the late Mesoproterozoic, as indicated by the Lu–Hf and U–Pb results. Here, we show the value of apatite triple dating applied to grains recovered from drill core samples, demonstrating opportunities for understanding other poorly accessible terranes.
Paleogene Sedimentary Basin Development in Southern Nevada, USA
Authors: Lundstern Jens-Erik , Schwartz Theresa M. , Mercer Cameron M. , Colgan Joseph P. , Workman Jeremiah B. , Morgan Leah E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cause of the transition from Mesozoic and early Cenozoic crustal shortening to later extension in the western United States is debated. In many parts of the extant Sevier hinterland, now the Basin and Range Province, the sedimentary sections that provide the most direct record of that transition remain poorly studied and lack meaningful age control. In this paper, we present field characterization supported by U-Pb detrital zircon and 40Ar/39Ar feldspar ages for ten sections across southern Nevada. We describe a newly identified basin, here named the Fallout Hills basin, which preserves &gt;1.0 km of sedimentary deposits as old as middle Eocene, ca. 48 Ma. Deposition occurred during the 20 m.y. (million years) before the 27.60 ± 0.03 Ma Monotony Tuff blanketed much of south-central Nevada, based on 47.6 Ma and younger detrital zircon maximum depositional ages (MDAs) from near the Pintwater and Spotted Ranges. Elsewhere in southern Nevada, prevolcanic Cenozoic strata commonly form thinner (~100 m), isolated exposures that yield detrital zircon MDAs ≤10 m.y. older than (and in some cases essentially the same age as) the ca. 27–28 Ma ignimbrites that cap the sections. A variable but overall upward-fining facies pattern is observed in both the Fallout Hills basin and the thinner sections. These localized patterns imply topographic changes that are unlikely to reflect plate-scale processes and are not consistent with large-magnitude extension. Instead, variable uplift due to magmatism combined with antecedent topographic relief from thrust faulting and subsequent erosion likely provided accommodation for these deposits.
Continental Arc Accumulation Mafic Rocks in the Mid-Upper Crust: Constraints From the Early Eocene Hornblende Gabbro–Diorite in the Tengchong Block, Southeastern Extension of Tibet
Authors: Wen Tai , Zhao Shao-wei , Fang Xiao-yu , Pei Xian-Zhi , Li Zuo-Chen , Chen Jing-Yuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Magmatic activity in the syn-collision stage is key for net crustal growth. To understand the mechanism of accretion–differentiation and compositional change of the continental crust, it is important to focus on the magmatic activity during the syn-collision stage. Early Eocene mafic–ultramafic rock assemblages found in the western part of the Tengchong Block resulted from a continuous series of arc magmatic evolution, thoroughly recording the continental arc magmatic system during the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and syn-collision of the Indian-Asian continents. Early Eocene hornblende gabbro–diorite in the Tengchong Block formed at 53 Ma, and the primitive magma was derived from an enriched mantle source due to the enriched Nd–Hf isotopes. The amphibole and biotite thermobarometer measurements indicate that the mafic magma reservoirs in the Tengchong Block occurred at a mid-upper crust. Petrography, amphibole Fe/Mg exchange coefficient (KD), Rayleigh fractionation, and equilibrium melt calculation indicate that the Early Eocene hornblende gabbro–diorite in the Tengchong Block was created due to plagioclase-dominated accumulation at the mid-upper crust level. Based on the calculation, the corresponding amphibole equilibrium melt is more silicic (dacitic–rhyolitic in composition) than the bulk rocks, indicating a more evolved composition in the mid-upper crust. Three types of plagioclases reveal the multi-recharging and dissolution–reprecipitation promoting the further evolution of these mafic rocks. Therefore, this study concludes that magma recharge and plagioclase-dominated accumulation processes may be important mechanisms for the formation and evolution of mafic magma and the further crustal differentiation at the mid-upper crust level in a continental margin arc.
Numerical Modeling of Melting Processes During Slab Break-off: Insights Into Tectonic Setting for Massif-Type Anorthosites
Authors: Yuan Qian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The concept that lithosphere detachment or break-off has long been conceived as a viable mechanism to explain prominent geological phenomena in Earth’s crust and the surface. One of the strengths of slab delamination mechanism is that it can account for the extensive magmatism in active orogenic belts due to the upwelling of the asthenosphere after the slab break-off. However, in the last 20 years, geodynamic simulations show that the inflow of the asthenosphere upon slab break-off is insufficient to cause significant melting of the overriding lithosphere adjacent to the slab window. The primary reasons include the occurrence of slab break-off at a location that is too deep to effectively heat the overriding lithospheric mantle. Another factor is the presence of a thin film of crustal material that is retained during the slab break- off, inhibiting a significant thermal perturbation within the lithosphere. In this work, we couple petrological–thermomechanical simulations with magmatic melting processes to examine the lithospheric melting and surface lithological expression associated with slab break-off. Our work shows that in the early Earth when the mantle temperature is relatively higher, shallow slab break-off can give rise to significant lithospheric melting during the development of slab break-off. Moreover, because the slab becomes weaker in the earlier hotter mantle, it may break-off prior to the stage of continental collision, thus the magmatism it induced may not give a direct constraint on the time of continental collision. Our study has implications for the interpretation of geological and tomography studies in orogenic belts. It also provides insights into reconciling conflicts between geodynamic and geological studies regarding slab break off-induced melting and magmatism.
Axial Load Peristaltic Transfer Mechanism of the Drillstring to Improve Penetration Rate
Authors: Wang Peng , Cao Jifei , Zhang Heng , Yue Weimin , Ni Hongjian , Zhang Rui 
Published: April 2024

Summary
During the drilling of long horizontal wells, the significant frictional resistance generated by the wellbore walls poses a challenge for the drillstring to efficiently transmit load to the drill bit, which eventually reduces drilling efficiency and restricts the extension distance achievable. Inspired by the structure and movement principle of an earthworm, we propose an earthworm-like load transfer method for the drillstring to address this issue. Specifically, the proposed method involves the installation of a pulse generator and multiple vibration subs within the same drillstring, decomposes the drillstring into multiple sections and modulates it to creep like an earthworm, thus facilitating load transfer. Experimental studies and numerical simulations were conducted in this paper to explore the fundamental mechanisms of earthworm-like crawling, aiming to enhance the efficiency of load transfer within the drillstring. The experimental results suggest that adopting earthworm-like excitation can increase the load transfer efficiency of the drillstring by 36–52% compared to conventional drilling methods. However, if the drillstring experiences helical buckling, there is a significant decrease in the efficiency of load transfer. Meanwhile, a dynamic model of the drillstring, considering the 3D wellbore trajectory, multipoint excitation, Stribeck friction, and penetration rate, has been developed. The simulated results from the proposed model align well with the experimental results obtained before the drillstring buckling, with an error of less than 5%. The simulation results for a 1000-m drillstring indicate that the earthworm-like excitation significantly enhances the efficiency of load transfer compared to conventional drilling methods. This improvement is attributed to the increase in the proportion of reverse-motion drillstring segments by 35.8–40.25%, which will greatly reduce the instantaneous total vector frictional force of the entire drillstring.
Harnessing Voice Analysis and Machine Learning for Early Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: A Comparative Study Across Three Datasets
Authors: Neto Osmar Pinto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study evaluates the efficacy of voice analysis combined with machine learning (ML) techniques in enabling the diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease (PD).
Methods
Voice data, phonation of the vowel 'a', from three distinct datasets (two from the UCI ML Repository and one from figshare) for 432 participants (278 PD patients) were analyzed. We employed four ML models - Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) - alongside two ensemble methods (soft voting classifier - EVC and stacking method - ESM). The models underwent 50 iterations of evaluation, involving various data splits and 10-fold cross-validation. Comparative analysis was done using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc corrections.
Results
The ESM, SVM, and GB models emerged as the top performers, demonstrating superior performance across metrics, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F1 score, and ROC AUC. Despite data heterogeneity and variable selection limitations, the models showed high values for all metrics.
Conclusion
Machine learning integration with voice analysis, mainly through ESM, SVM, and GB, is promising for early PD diagnosis. Using multi-source data and a large sample size enhances our findings' validity, reliability, and generalizability.
Cheatgrass alters flammability of native perennial grasses in laboratory combustion experiments
Authors: Harrison Georgia R. , Jones Lisa C , Ellsworth Lisa M , Strand Eva K. , Prather Timothy S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The invasive annual grass cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) increases fuel continuity, alters patterns of fire spread, and changes plant communities in sagebrush shrublands of the Great Basin (USA) and adjacent sagebrush steppe areas, but no studies have contrasted its flammability to native perennial grasses. Understanding cheatgrass flammability is crucial for predicting fire behavior, informing management decisions, and assessing fire potential of invaded areas. This study aimed to determine the flammability of cheatgrass compared to two native perennial grasses (Columbia needlegrass [Achnatherum nelsonii] and bluebunch wheatgrass [Pseudoroegneria spicata]) across a range of typical fire season fuel moistures.
Results
All three grass species had decreased flammability with increasing fuel moisture. Columbia needlegrass had on average 11% lower mass consumption than cheatgrass, and both perennial grasses had on average 13.5 s longer flaming durations and higher thermal doses (temperature over time) than cheatgrass. The addition of cheatgrass to the perennial grasses increased combined mass consumption, flaming duration, and thermal dose. For these three attributes, flammability increased with greater amounts of cheatgrass in the mixture, but flaming duration and thermal dose were not sensitive to cheatgrass fuel moisture. Maximum temperature and flame length of perennial grass combustion were similar with and without cheatgrass addition. Flammability of Columbia needlegrass when burned with cheatgrass was higher than expected based on the flammability of each respective species, suggesting that Columbia needlegrass may be susceptible to pre-heating from cheatgrass, causing increased mass consumption, flaming duration, and thermal dose. Conversely, flammability of bluebunch wheatgrass and cheatgrass together had both positive and negative interactive effects.
Conclusions
This study provides experimental evidence supporting previous qualitative observations of high cheatgrass flammability. Even at high fuel moisture, cheatgrass increased perennial grass flammability, suggesting that cheatgrass poses a significant fire threat to native grasses for an extended season than expected for the native grasses without cheatgrass. The study's findings inform invasive plant management and fire potential, and guide efforts to prevent or mitigate cheatgrass-induced wildfires.