bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of opportunistic colorectal cancer screening of hospitalized patients in tertiary care and community hospitals
Authors: Stevic Ivan , Singh Harminder , Sokoro AbdulRazaq 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Population screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) remains low, requiring alternative approaches for increasing participation. Opportunistic screening of hospitalized patients may aid in increasing uptake rates.

Objective
To assess whether inpatients can be recruited for opportunistic CRC screening using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT).

Methods
Inpatient charts were prospectively reviewed for study eligibility on admission of patients to the medical wards of 3 hospitals in Winnipeg, Canada. Eligible patients were approached for participation and consent. Inoculated FIT specimen collection tubes were sent to the hospital laboratory for testing. Patients with positive FIT results received a follow-up colonoscopy.

Results
In total, 1542 inpatient charts were screened for eligibility; 53 patients were identified for enrollment (51.9% were male; median age, 59 years), of whom 13 patients consented to participate but only 7 provided a stool specimen. One of those 7 patients had a positive FIT result. The overall screening rate was low, at 0.45%. The primary reason for exclusion of patients was age (outside of the range of 50-75 years), followed by patients having recent gastrointestinal bleeding and/or known intestinal diseases.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that it is infeasible to recruit inpatients for opportunistic CRC screening in routine clinical practice.
A Multi-Analytical Approach to Identify Colorants in the Qajar Painted Wooden Decorative False Ceilings, From Northwest Iran
Authors: Koochakzaei Alireza , Jelodarian Bidgoli Behrooz , Naserahari Mohaddesehsadat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the pigments used in the wooden paintings of Zarir Mosque, dating back to the Safavid era in Maragheh, Iran. These paintings, known as “Pardu,” were commonly used for decorative false ceilings in various regions of Iran, particularly the northwest, during the Safavid and Qajar periods. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, multiband imaging, and optical microscopy were employed to examine the pigments. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was also used to investigate the binder. The results indicated the use of orpiment, red lead, artificial ultramarine, carbon black, and gypsum for yellow, red, blue, black, and white pigments, respectively. Light blue colour was achieved by mixing gypsum and indigo, and gypsum was used as the primer layer in the painting. The presence of a protein-based binder, likely egg tempera, was confirmed through FTIR spectroscopy. The presence of artificial ultramarine suggests that these paintings were created after 1828, when it was first synthesized, placing them in the Qajar period. The presence of an inscription from 1280 AH suggests that these panels may have been produced during the extensive renovations of the mosque in 1280 AH (1864 AD), during the Qajar era.
Earl Grey: A Fully Automated User-Friendly Transposable Element Annotation and Analysis Pipeline
Authors: Baril Tobias , Galbraith James , Hayward Alex 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are major components of eukaryotic genomes and are implicated in a range of evolutionary processes. Yet, TE annotation and characterization remain challenging, particularly for nonspecialists, since existing pipelines are typically complicated to install, run, and extract data from. Current methods of automated TE annotation are also subject to issues that reduce overall quality, particularly (i) fragmented and overlapping TE annotations, leading to erroneous estimates of TE count and coverage, and (ii) repeat models represented by short sections of total TE length, with poor capture of 5′ and 3′ ends. To address these issues, we present Earl Grey, a fully automated TE annotation pipeline designed for user-friendly curation and annotation of TEs in eukaryotic genome assemblies. Using nine simulated genomes and an annotation of Drosophila melanogaster, we show that Earl Grey outperforms current widely used TE annotation methodologies in ameliorating the issues mentioned above while scoring highly in benchmarking for TE annotation and classification and being robust across genomic contexts. Earl Grey provides a comprehensive and fully automated TE annotation toolkit that provides researchers with paper-ready summary figures and outputs in standard formats compatible with other bioinformatics tools. Earl Grey has a modular format, with great scope for the inclusion of additional modules focused on further quality control and tailored analyses in future releases.
Medical cannabis for children: Evidence and recommendations
Authors: Kelly Lauren E , Rieder Michael J , Finkelstein Yaron 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Interest in using cannabis products for a medical purpose in children under the age of 18 years is increasing. There are many medical cannabis products available that can include cannabidiol (CBD) or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or both. Despite many therapeutic claims, there are few rigorous studies to inform the dosing, safety, and efficacy of medical cannabis in paediatric clinical practice. This statement reviews the current evidence and provides recommendations for using medical cannabis in children. Longer-term (2-year) reports support the sustained tolerability and efficacy of cannabidiol therapy for patients with Lennox-Gastaut and Dravet syndromes. CBD-enriched cannabis extracts containing small amounts of THC have been evaluated in a small number of paediatric patients, and further research is needed to inform clinical practice guidelines. Given the widespread use of medical cannabis in Canada, paediatricians should be prepared to engage in open, ongoing discussions with families about its potential benefits and risks, and develop individualized plans that monitor efficacy, reduce harms, and mitigate drug–drug interactions.
Chronic, Disruptive, or Resistant? Target Ecologies and the Medicalization of Homelessness in California
Authors: Rekenthaler Nick , Barnard Alex V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
How do place and social context shape how policymakers construct the targets of state interventions? This paper analyzes recent proposals in California to subject people experiencing homelessness to involuntary psychiatric treatment. Using newspaper articles, legislative hearings, government reports, and interviews, we show how policymakers frame “the homeless mentally ill” in distinctive ways: Chronic and contained people who require extended institutionalization, disruptive and visible individuals who need a period of forced sobriety, and a service-resisting and underserved population whom mental health agencies have overlooked, but who could comply with treatment with a coercive incentive. We argue these constructions reflect how policymakers represent specific target ecologies: concentrated but confined homelessness on LA’s Skid Row, frequent and expensive use of emergency services in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, and expanding homelessness in jurisdictions traditionally reticent to provide care, as in San Diego County. This paper shows the value of disaggregating broad population categories to show how they are differentially problematized, as policymakers seek to gain support and justify intervention in specific places. We also illustrate a broader policy trend of reframing involuntary treatment as a progressive and compassionate response to substance use, homelessness, and urban disorder.
Impact of Parent Presence and Engagement on Stress in NICU Infants
Authors: Horner Susan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are exposed to frequent stressors that impact their neurodevelopmental outcomes. Parent presence and engagement are considered critical to improving infant outcomes, yet associations between cumulative NICU parent presence, engagement, and infant stress are infrequently examined.

Purpose:
To examine associations between NICU infant stress and the amount (hours per week) or frequency (days per week) of parent presence and skin-to-skin care (SSC).

Methods:
A secondary analysis of a data set representing 78 NICU families was conducted. Infant acuity was measured using Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) scores. Parent presence and SSC data were collected from electronic medical records. Infant stress was measured using resting salivary cortisol levels collected at NICU discharge (median = 33 days of life).

Results:
More cumulative SSC was associated with lower discharge cortisol in NICU infants for SSC measured in hours per week (P = .03) or days per week (P = .05). Cumulative parent presence was not significantly associated with infant cortisol at discharge. Hierarchical regression analyses examining timing of parent presence supported a model including admission cortisol, NMI score, and parent presence during weeks 1 to 4 of life for explaining infant stress at discharge (R
2 = 0.44, P = .004). Analyses examining timing of SSC supported a model including admission cortisol, NMI score, and frequency of SSC during week 1 for explaining infant stress at discharge (R
2 = 0.21, P = .04).

Implications for Practice and Research:
Early, frequent SSC to mitigate stress in NICU infants was supported. Results suggested that timing of parent presence impacts NICU infant stress; however, additional study is recommended.
Pioneering Microsurgery Services in Low-income Countries: Insights from a Plastic Surgeon’s Experience in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebremariyam Zenebe T. , Weldemichael Nebiyat A. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Microsurgery, a revolutionary tool in reconstructive procedures, has historically faced challenges in implementation within resource-limited settings. This article presents the journey of establishing microsurgery services at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC) in Ethiopia, a nation where a significant portion of the population lacks access to microsurgery. The objective was to provide a guide for establishing a microsurgery center in resource-limited settings and share experiences, challenges, and successes encountered during the establishment of the microsurgery unit at JUMC.

Methods:
The methodology involved a needs assessment, collaboration with Operation Smile, training and capacity building, team and system building, and infrastructure and equipment setup. Strategies included identifying the demand for microsurgery services, collaborating with Operation Smile for resource acquisition, conducting training initiatives in India, and forming a multidisciplinary team.

Results:
The article introduces the initial series of free flap procedures conducted at JUMC, marking a significant milestone in the region’s surgical capabilities. Cases include forearm dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, postburn exposed calcaneal bone, and buccal squamous cell carcinoma, demonstrating the diversity and complexity of cases that necessitate microsurgical intervention.

Conclusions:
The journey of establishing microsurgery services at JUMC represents a significant milestone. Lessons learned provide valuable insights for other centers in developing countries aiming to initiate or enhance their microsurgery programs. Recommendations include continuous training, expanding collaborative networks, advocating for sustainable resource allocation, research and outcome monitoring, incorporating microsurgery into formal curricula, and adapting protocols based on local realities. Implementing these recommendations can contribute to the growth and sustainability of microsurgery initiatives in resource-limited settings.
Lateral Epicondylitis: Treatment Preferences from the Potential Patient Perspective
Authors: Parikh Harin B. , Stanley Mackinzie , Tseng Cassie C. , Kulber David A. , Kuschner Stuart H. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Knowing the questions and concerns that patients have regarding treatment options for lateral epicondylitis may allow for shared-decision making and potentially superior patient outcomes and satisfaction. In the present study, we aimed to further delineate patient preferences with treatment of lateral epicondylitis.

Methods:
An online, survey-based, descriptive study was conducted through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Survey participants were presented with a clinical scenario regarding lateral epicondylitis and asked four questions regarding treatment preferences for nonoperative treatment, whether they would consider platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection, and whether they would consider surgical intervention for recalcitrant symptoms. A Likert scale was used for responses. McNemar chi-square test was used for paired nominal data for statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of 238 survey responses were included. A majority (63%) of respondents elected to proceed with formal physical therapy. When given additional information regarding corticosteroid injections, 50.8% of respondents reported preferring physical therapy. There were no differences between groups for questions 1 and 2 (P = 0.90). Of the respondents, 75.2% were “likely” or “extremely likely” to consider PRP injection. When asked about surgical intervention, 74.8% of respondents were “likely” or “extremely likely” to proceed with continued symptoms.

Conclusions:
It is important to include patient preferences in treatment discussions of lateral epicondylitis. Survey respondents preferred formal physical therapy for initial treatment. A surprising majority of respondents were likely to consider a PRP injection. With prolonged symptoms, respondents were interested in discussions of surgical intervention and thus, it should continue to be offered to patients with recalcitrant symptoms.
Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap: A Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-analysis of Applications and Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Scampa Matteo , Mégevand Vladimir , Martineau Jérôme , Schaefer Dirk J. , Kalbermatten Daniel F. , Oranges Carlo M. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Recalcitrant bone nonunion and osseous defect treatment is challenging and often requires vascularized bone transfer. The medial femoral condyle flap has become an increasingly popular option for reconstruction. The study aims at reviewing its different applications and synthesizing its surgical outcomes.

Method:
A systematic review including all studies assessing surgical outcomes of free medial femoral condyle flap for bone reconstruction in adults was conducted on January 31, 2023. Flap failure and postoperative complications were synthesized with a proportional meta-analysis.

Results:
Forty articles describing bony reconstruction in the head and neck, upper limb, and lower limb areas were selected. Indications ranged from bony nonunion and bone defects to avascular bone necrosis. Multiple flaps were raised as either pure periosteal, cortico-periosteal, cortico-cancellous-periosteal, or cortico-chondro-periosteal. A minority of composite flaps were reported. Overall failure rate was 1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.00–0.08] in head & neck applications, 4% in the lower limb (95% CI, 0.00–0.16), 2% in the upper limb (95% CI, 0.00–0.06), and 1% in articles analyzing various locations simultaneously (95% CI, 0.00–0.04). Overall donor site complication rate was 4% (95% CI, 0.01–0.06). Major reported complications were: femoral fractures (n = 3), superficial femoral artery injury (n = 1), medial collateral ligament injury (n = 1), and septic shock due to pace-maker colonization (n = 1).

Conclusion:
The medial femoral condyle flap is a versatile option for bone reconstruction with high success rates and low donor site morbidity.
Novel Finding of an Excess Bone in Postaxial Polydactyly of the Foot
Authors: Umeda Chizuru , Ueda Koichi , Hirota Yuka 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Postaxial polydactyly is a common congenital foot anomaly. However, the severity of the anomaly varies from simple cases with only soft tissue duplication to complex cases with bone and joint disorders. In our clinical practice, we found a new morphological anomaly of postaxial polydactyly. We encountered several cases of postaxial polydactyly with bone fragments located between the fourth and fifth toes. The bone fragments were independent of the joint cavity. The mechanisms underlying its development remain unknown because it is a novel disorder. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of the excess bone to formulate an embryological hypothesis.

Methods:
We examined the frequency and trends in the occurrence of excess bone using data from photographs and radiographs of these cases. An example of a disorder similar to excess bone is mosaic-like alignment, as reported by Iba et al. We also compared the characteristics of the mosaic-like alignment with those of the excess bone. Based on these data and existing embryological knowledge, we hypothesized the origin of the excess bone.

Results:
Excess bone and mosaic-like alignments showed different characteristics. Therefore, both were considered completely different disorders. We hypothesized that excess bone was caused by damage to the interdigital ectoderm immediately before interdigital programmed cell death.

Conclusions:
We encountered a new form of postaxial polydactyly. This can be a factor influencing the treatment strategy because it can affect alignment and stability.
Twelve Years and over 2400 Implants Later: Augmentation Mammoplasty Risk Factors Based on a Single Plastic Surgeon’s Experience
Authors: Montemurro Paolo , Pietruski Piotr 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Breast augmentation is one of the most commonly performed aesthetic surgery procedures. Yet, few reports in the literature analyze individual surgeon experiences with a unified surgical method on a large group of patients. This study aimed to analyze a single surgeon’s complications rate and experience with the Akademikliniken augmentation mammaplasty method from the beginning of his career.

Methods:
A retrospective outcome analysis of all patients (n = 1646) who underwent breast augmentation between 2009 and 2021 performed by a single surgeon was conducted. Complications and reoperation rates were evaluated. In addition, correlations with the patient and implant characteristics and insertion-method–related risk factors were analyzed.

Results:
In total, 1212 female patients (mean age, 31.47 years) were analyzed. The minimal follow-up for every patient was 6 months (mean follow-up, 18.35 months). The total complication rate was 7.1%, and the most common complication (2.64%) was capsular contracture (Baker scale III/IV). Implant insertion with a funnel significantly lowered the overall risk of complications (P = 0.009). Statistical analysis indicates that the single independent risk factors for primary breast augmentation are patient age younger than 27 years, initial breast size B and C, and tobacco smoking.

Conclusions:
This study indicated that capsular contracture and implant rotation are the most common complications of analyzed primary augmentation mammoplasty. It also identifies various risk and protection factors, such as funnel usage, which should be considered by the surgeon when performing this type of procedure.
Epidemiology of measles in southern Iran: trends, challenges, and vaccination insights
Authors: Hassani Azad Mehdi , Dehghani Sargazi Laya , Salari Mojtaba , Jahangiri Samaneh , Hashemi Seyyed Mohammad , Asadi Seyedeh Sahar , Ghaedi Hengami Ghasem , Ghazalgoo Arezoo , Keivanlou Mohammad-Hossein , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Asadi Yousefabad Seyed Hossein 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Measles, a highly contagious and vaccine-preventable disease, continues to present global public health challenges. This retrospective study focused on measles outbreaks in Hormozgan province, southern Iran, spanning from 2014 to 2019.

Methods:
Between 2014 and 2019, patients suspected of having measles, as reported by medical centers in Hormozgan, were subject to a comprehensive evaluation. The diagnosis of measles was conclusively established through the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. A detailed collection of pertinent data was undertaken. SPSS software, version 21, was employed for statistical analysis.

Results:
In the current study, out of 1291 clinically suspected measles cases, 151 were PCR-confirmed, with an average age of 16.77 years (±10.46), comprising 50.9% males and 49.1% females. The annual distribution showed varied incidence: 8.4% in 2014, peaking at 18.8% in 2015, then fluctuating to 11.4% in 2016, 0.8% in 2017, and 17.9% in 2018, with no cases in 2019. Among confirmed cases, 16.5% were vaccinated, while 68.2% were not, and 15.23% had unknown vaccination status.

Conclusion:
This retrospective study highlights the ongoing challenge of measles in Hormozgan province, Iran, from 2014 to 2019. Despite measles being preventable by vaccination, a significant number of cases were confirmed among both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, indicating gaps in immunization coverage and effectiveness. The fluctuating annual incidence, with a peak in 2015 and no cases in 2019, suggests variable success in disease control efforts. This underscores the need for enhanced surveillance, improved vaccination strategies, and public health interventions to effectively combat measles outbreaks in this region.
Safety of surgery: quality assessment of meta-analyses on the WHO checklist
Authors: González Mariño Mario Arturo 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
To assess the quality of the meta-analyses that review the WHO surgical safety checklist.

Methods:
A systematic review of meta-analysis studies was undertaken using the search terms “World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist” in PubMed, Embase, and Lilacs databases. The selected meta-analyses were rated using the AMSTAR 2 assessment tool.

Results:
In the three meta-analyses evaluated, the checklist was associated with a decrease in the rates of complications and mortality. Overall confidence in the results of the evaluated meta-analysis was critically low.

Conclusions:
The meta-analysis coincides with obtaining lower complications and mortality rates with the WHO surgical safety checklist. However, the studies included in the meta-analyses were mostly observational, with potential biases, and according to the AMSTAR 2 tool, the overall confidence in the results of the evaluated studies was critically low.
Concomitant tricuspid valve regurgitation repair in patients with minimally invasive mitral valve surgery: a single-centre experience in Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Nguyen Hoang , Chuong Pham Tran Viet , Hieu Le Chi , Thuan Phan Quang , Nam Nguyen Hoai 
Published: April 2024

Background:
This study aims to present the early and mid-term outcomes of combining minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) with tricuspid valve repair (TVR) at the authors’ centre.

Methods:
From January 2017 to March 2022, our centre treated a total of 67 patients with both MIMVS and TVR. Among these patients, 41 were women (61.2%), and 26 were men (38.8%). The average Euro SCORE II was 2.67±1.54%, and the patients had an average follow-up period of 25.45±16.2 months.

Results:
Pre-discharge echocardiography revealed no or mild TR in 82.8% of cases. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 4.5%, with 3 deaths. Five-year survival was 94.5%±3.2%. In patients with mild or moderate preoperative tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the 5-year survival rate was 95.7%±4.3%, while for those with severe TR, it was 93.7%±4.5% (P=0.947).

Conclusions:
The authors’ 5-year experience demonstrates that the combination of MIMVS and TVR can be routinely performed with favourable perioperative and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing non-high-risk surgery. Additionally, there is no significant difference in five-year survival between the severe TR and mild to moderate TR groups preoperatively.