bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic Activity of Gd(III)‐ and Dy(III)‐Complexes
Authors: Kostova Irena , Kiefer Wolfgang , Momekov Georgi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe complexes of gadolinium(III) and dysprosium(III) were synthesized by reaction of the respective inorganic salts with 3,5‐pyrazoledicarboxylic acid in amounts equal to metal to ligand molar ratio of 1 : 2. The structures of the final complexes were determined by means of spectral and elemental analyses. To help further the binding mode elucidation in the new Gd(III)‐ and Dy(III)‐complexes of H3pdc, detailed vibrational analysis was performed on the basis of comparison of experimental vibrational spectra of the ligand and its Ln(III)‐complexes using data theoretically predicted by us earlier, as well as data from the literature about related compounds. Significant differences in the IR and Raman spectra of the complexes were observed as compared to the spectra of the ligand. The ligand and the complexes were tested for their cytotoxic activities on the chronic myeloid leukemia‐derived K‐562, overexpressing the BCR‐ABL fusion protein and the non‐Hodgkin lymphoma‐derived DOHH‐2, characterized by a re‐expression of the anti‐apoptotic protein bcl‐2 cell lines. The results obtained indicate that the tested compounds exerted a considerable cytotoxic activity upon the evaluated cell lines in a concentration‐dependent manner, which enabled the construction of dose‐response curves and the calculation of the corresponding IC50 values. The inorganic salts exerted a very weak cytotoxic effect on these cells. This is in contrast to the lanthanide complexes, which exhibited potent cytotoxic activity, even more than the activity of cisplatin towards K‐562 and DOHH‐2 cell lines.
Studies on 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives as Potential Anti‐Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Turan‐Zitouni Gülhan , Kaplancikli Zafer Asim , Özdemir Ahmet , Chevallet Pierre , Kandilci Hilmi Burak , Gümüsel Bülent 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe reaction of acetic or propionic acid hydrazides with various aryl/alkyl isothiocyanates gave thiosemicarbazides which furnished the 1,2,4‐triazoles by alkali cyclization. The 4‐aryl/alkyl‐5‐(1‐phenoxyethyl)‐3‐[N‐(substituted)acetamido]thio‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole derivatives were synthesized by reacting the triazoles with 2‐chloro‐N‐(substituted)acetamide. The chemical structures of the compounds were elucidated by IR, 1H‐NMR, FAB+‐MS spectral data and elemental analysis. In the pharmacological studies, anti‐inflammatory activities of these compounds have been screened and significant activities were observed.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antineoplastic Activities for Agelasine and Agelasimine Analogs with a β‐Cyclocitral Derived Substituent
Authors: Proszenyák Ágnes , Charnock Colin , Hedner Erik , Larsson Rolf , Bohlin Lars , Gundersen Lise‐Lotte 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAgelasines and agelasimines are antimicrobial and cytotoxic purine derivatives isolated from marine sponges (Agelas sp.). We have synthesized structurally simplified analogs of these natural products starting from β‐cyclocitral. The novel compounds were found to be strong inhibitors of a wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms (incl. Mycobacterium tuberculosis) as well as cancer cell lines. The biological activities were generally in the same range as those previously found for the structurally more complex agelasines and agelasimines isolated in small amounts from natural sources. We also report for the first time that agelasine and agelasimine analogs inhibit growth of protozoa (Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba polyphaga). Acanthamoeba keratitis is an increasingly common and severe corneal infection, closely associated with contact lens wear.
The ‘win–win’ paradigm and stakeholder integration
Authors: Plaza‐Úbeda J. A. , Burgos‐Jiménez J. , Vazquez D. A. , Liston‐Heyes C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFirms are under pressure to invest in environmental management systems (EMSs) to reduce the environmental impacts of their activities. Many advocates of EMS adoption promote the idea of ‘win–win’ gains, where improvements in environmental performance are accompanied by financial rewards. The empirical evidence on this is mixed and suggests that the' right' conditions must exist within the firm for genuine environmental performance gains to materialize. The paper uses a survey of 129 Spanish manufacturing firms to investigate managerial perceptions about what these right conditions might be. Results indicate that enhanced environmental performance following EMS adoption is linked to managers' belief in the win–win paradigm, and that managers who adhere to the win–win story also tend to integrate other stakeholder demands into their business strategies. Policy implications conclude the paper. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Beyond recycling: ‘commons‐friendly’ waste reduction at new consumption communities
Authors: Bekin Caroline , Carrigan Marylyn , Szmigin Isabelle 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

This paper broadens current knowledge on consumer waste and disposal behaviour by exploring the diverse and complementary waste‐reduction strategies and behaviours adopted by environmentally conscious consumer communities in the UK. Using a critical ethnography methodology and a multi‐locale approach to designing the field, six distinct ethical voluntary simplifier communities were studied. Findings suggest their alternative lifestyles and waste management choices offer society much in terms of environmental soundness, while also presenting several personal trade‐offs for community members that deserve critical consideration. Practical implications for marketers and policy makers are addressed.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A sociological perspective of consumption morality
Authors: Caruana Robert 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

This paper considers how a sociological perspective of morality can inform understandings of consumption. In light of recent research that identifies moral forms of consumption practice at a socio‐cultural level (e.g. ‘ethical consumers’ and ‘voluntary simplifiers’) it is apparent that an important relationship between consumption, society and morality continues to be of relevance and interest to consumer research. However, research into ethical consumption, fair trade, sustainability, green consumption and more recently consumer citizenship presuppose certain assumptions about the moral nature of the subject at the centre of their investigations whilst not evidencing an explicit or coherent understanding of the underlying sociological conception of morality itself. Accordingly, there is a need for consumer researchers framing their studies at a sociological level to be clearer about the conceptual nature of morality and, moreover, how it relates in a meaningful way to the theoretical claims made in their research. In response, this paper examines the dominant paradigmatic conceptualisations that constitute a sociological perspective of morality. Particularly, it considers (1) how a number of key sociological perspectives on morality can locate streams of consumer research better than is currently the case, (2) how these perspectives suggest that current research into fair trade and ethical consumption invoke a certain type of morality whereas a broader concept is available and finally (3) how a pluralist sociological conception of morality will allow consumer researchers to reframe the types of questions they can ask and so too the types of answers they may find.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computer ethics and consumer ethics: the impact of the internet on consumers' ethical decision‐making process
Authors: Chatzidakis Andreas , Mitussis Darryn 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Despite the maturity of the literatures that consider ethical consumer behaviour and the role of the internet, very little work seems to have been undertaken to bring these two themes together. This is unfortunate because the internet is increasingly pervasive and is used at some stage in a significant number of consumer activities. Our primary purpose is to bring together key insights and themes from research into both ethical consumer behaviour and the internet to highlight further research opportunities. In particular, we seek to demonstrate how the ethical consumerism and consumer ethics literatures together can provide a rich foundation to study ethical and moral dimensions of online consumer behaviour.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethical consumption practices: co‐production of self‐expression and social recognition
Authors: Cherrier Hélène 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Ethical considerations regularly demand references to the moral climate, which, as a form of grand narrative or regime of truth, provides direction for choices between right and wrong, good and bad, ethical and unethical. Yet from a postmodern perspective, the moral climate has scattered into countless narratives, such that what is good or ethical may no longer be certain everywhere and in every situation. In a postmodern world, no essential grand narrative, regime of truth, or foundational ethical direction exists, because the self has been rendered free and autonomous from traditional values. As an independent agent, the postmodern self confronts a plethora of possibilities. Although the confrontation of multiple narratives appears in radical postmodern theory as saturating and disorienting, this article posits that clear signs of ethical directions within postmodern pluralism remain.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
To boldly go…exploring ethical spaces to re‐politicise ethical consumption and fair trade
Authors: Low William , Davenport Eileen 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

This paper examines the modern iterations of ethical consumption which, we argue, are dominated by a highly individualised form, ‘shopping for a better world’, and marginalises the more overtly politicised and collective approach. This dissociative transformation of ethical consumption is illustrated through the case example of the fair‐trade movement. We explore two related literatures, geography and politics, to suggest that the (re‐)creation of ethical spaces hold great promise for expanding sales, shortening the distance between producer and consumer and reinvigorating the message of reforming and transforming international trade relations.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of [Cu(NHC)2]X Complexes: Catalytic and Mechanistic Studies of Hydrosilylation Reactions
Authors: Díez‐González Silvia , Stevens Edwin D. , Scott Natalie M. , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe preparation of two series of [Cu(NHC)2]X complexes (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene, X=PF6 or BF4) in high yields from readily available materials is reported. These complexes have been spectroscopically and structurally characterized. The activity of these cationic bis‐NHC complexes in the hydrosilylation of ketones was examined, and both the ligand and the counterion showed a significant influence on the catalytic performance. Moreover, when compared with related [Cu(NHC)]‐based systems, these cationic complexes proved to be more efficient under similar reaction conditions. The activation step of [Cu(NHC)2]X precatalysts towards hydrosilylation was investigated by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy. Notably, it was shown that one of the N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (IPr) ligands in [Cu(IPr)2]BF4 is displaced by tBuO− in the presence of NaOtBu, producing the neutral [Cu(IPr)(OtBu)]. This copper alkoxide is known to be a direct precursor of an NHC–copper hydride, the actual active species in this transformation. Furthermore, reagent loading and counterion effects have been rationalized in light of the species formed during the reaction.
Investigation of Hydrogen Physisorption Active Sites on the Surface of Porous Carbonaceous Materials
Authors: Qu Deyang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHydrogen physisorption in different carbonaceous materials was investigated in liquid nitrogen (77 K). The total hydrogen adsorption was found to have a linear relationship with the surface area of pores <30 Å. The surface area and porosity of the carbon materials were determined by dinitrogen adsorption at 77 K and density function theory (DFT). The active sites for hydrogen adsorption were investigated and found to be related to the edge orientation of defective graphene micro‐sheet domains.
Solid–Solid Phase Transitions: Interface Controlled Reactivity and Formation of Intermediate Structures
Authors: Leoni Stefano 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFinding new pathways to novel materials is an open challenge in modern solid‐state chemistry. Among the reasons that still prevent a rational planning of synthetic routes is the lack of an atomistic understanding at the moment of phase formation. Metastable phases are, in this respect, powerful points of access to new materials. For the synthetic efforts to fully take advantage of such peculiar intermediates, a precise atomistic understanding of critical processes in the solid state in its many facets, that is, nucleation patterns, formation and propagation of interfaces, intermediate structures, and phase growth, is mandatory. Recently we have started a systematic theoretical study of phase transitions, especially of processes with first‐order thermodynamics, to reach a firm understanding of the atomistic mechanisms governing polymorphism in the solid state. A clear picture is emerging of the interplay between nucleation patterns, the evolution of domain interfaces and final material morphology. Therein intermediate metastable structural motifs with distinct atomic patterns are identified, which become exciting targets for chemical synthesis. Accordingly, a new way of implementing simulation strategies as a powerful support to the chemical intuition is emerging. Simulations of real materials under conditions corresponding to the experiments are shedding light onto yet elusive aspects of solid–solid transformations. Particularly, sharp insights into local nucleation and growth events allow the formulation of new concepts for rationalizing interfaces formed during phase nucleation and growth. Structurally different and confined in space, metastable interfaces occurring during polymorph transformations bring about distinct diffusion behavior of the chemical species involved. More generally, stable structures emerge as a result of the concurrence of the transformation mechanism and of chemical reactions within the phase‐growth fronts.
Complexation of the Vulcanization Accelerator Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide and Related Molecules with Zinc Compounds Including Zinc Oxide Clusters (Zn4O4)
Authors: Steudel Ralf , Steudel Yana , Wong Ming Wah 
Published: November 2007

AbstractZinc chemicals are used as activators in the vulcanization of organic polymers with sulfur to produce elastic rubbers. In this work, the reactions of Zn2+, ZnMe2, Zn(OMe)2, Zn(OOCMe)2, and the heterocubane cluster Zn4O4 with the vulcanization accelerator tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD) and with the related radicals and anions Me2NCS2., Me2NCS3., Me2NCS2−, and Me2NCS3− have been studied by quantum chemical methods at the MP2/6‐31+G(2df,p)//B3LYP/6‐31+G* level of theory. More than 35 zinc complexes have been structurally characterized and the energies of formation from their components calculated for the first time. The binding energy of TMTD as a bidendate ligand increases in the order ZnMe2<Zn(OOCMe)2<Zn(OMe)2<Zn4O4<Zn2+. The last two zinc species also form very stable complexes with the radicals Me2NCS2. and Me2NCS3.. Dissociation of the TMTD molecule at the SS bond on reaction with the Zn4O4 cluster is predicted to be strongly exothermic, in sharp contrast to the endothermic SS bond dissociation of the free molecule. The same holds for tetramethylthiuram trisulfide (TMTT). Surprisingly, the resulting complexes contain ZnS as well as SO bonds. The Zn4O4 nanocluster serves here as a model for bulk zinc oxide used as an activator in rubber vulcanization by sulfur. The further uptake of sulfur atoms by the various complexes from S8 or TMTD with formation of species derived from the radical Me2NCS3. or the trithiocarbamate anion Me2NCS3− is endothermic for mono‐ and dinuclear zinc dithiocarbamate (dtc) complexes such as [Zn(dtc)2] and [Zn2(dtc)4], but exothermic in the case of polynuclear zinc oxide species containing bridging ligands as in [Zn4O4(μ‐S2CNMe2)] and [Zn4O4(μ‐dtc)]. Therefore, zinc oxide as a polynuclear species is predicted to promote the formation of trisulfido complexes, which are generally assumed to serve as catalysts for the transfer of sulfur atoms during rubber vulcanization. This prediction is in accord with the empirical knowledge that ZnO is a better activator in TMTD‐accelerated rubber vulcanization than zinc dithiocarbamate.
Self‐Assembled Amphotericin B Is Probably Surrounded by Ergosterol: Bimolecular Interactions as Evidenced by Solid‐State NMR and CD Spectra
Authors: Kasai Yusuke , Matsumori Nobuaki , Umegawa Yuichi , Matsuoka Shigeru , Ueno Hiroyuki , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Oishi Tohru , Murata Michio 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAmphotericin B (AmB) is thought to exert its pharmacological effects by forming a barrel‐stave assembly with ergosterol in fungal membranes. To examine the interaction between AmB and ergosterol (Erg) or cholesterol (Cho), 13C‐ and 19F‐labelled covalent conjugates were prepared as reported previously (N. Matsumori et al. Chem. Biol. 2004, 11, 673–679). The CD spectra of the conjugates in a membrane‐bound form suggested that the distance between the heptaene moieties of the ergosterol conjugates AmB–C2–(6‐F)Erg 2 and AmB–C2–Erg 3 is similar to that of AmB in ergosterol‐containing membranes, but significantly larger than that of AmB in nonsterol or cholesterol‐containing membranes. These observations suggest that, as is the case with ergosterol‐containing membranes, the conjugated sterol moiety prevents the close contact between the heptaene moieties within the membrane that would reduce channel conductivity of the AmB assemblies. To further investigate this bimolecular interaction, we recorded the solid‐state NMR spectra of conjugates 2 and AmB–C2–(6‐F)Cho 4, which are composed of uniformly 13C‐labelled AmB and 6‐fluorinated ergosterol or cholesterol; the conjugates were expected to facilitate the estimation of distances between the fluorine and carbon atoms. By using rotor‐synchronous double resonance (rotational echo double resonance of X cluster; RDX) experiments, we deduced the distance between the fluorine atom and its nearest carbon atom in the heptaene moiety of 2 to be less than 8.6 Å. This indicates that the B ring of ergosterol comes close to the AmB polyene moiety. A conformational search of the AmB–ergosterol conjugate by using distance constraints derived from the RDX results suggested that ergosterol molecules possibly surround the AmB assembly, which is in contrast with the conventional image in which ergosterol is inserted into AmB molecules.
An Anthracene‐Based Photochromic Macrocycle as a Key Ring Component To Switch a Frequency of Threading Motion
Authors: Hirose Keiji , Shiba Yoshinobu , Ishibashi Kazuaki , Doi Yasuko , Tobe Yoshito 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA concept and demonstration of a switching in frequencies of molecular motions are described using a pseudorotaxane system. The setup consists of dibenzylammonium hexafluorophosphate and a photochromic dianthrylethane‐based [24]crown‐8‐type macrocycle, which we designed as a key ring component for the pseudorotaxane system having photocontrollable threading functionality by changing the size of ring component due to the action of light.
One‐Dimensional Bromo‐Bridged NiIII Complexes [Ni(S,S‐bn)2Br]Br2 (S,S‐bn=2S,3S‐diaminobutane): Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Electrostatic Carrier Doping
Authors: Takaishi Shinya , Yamashita Masahiro , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Okamoto Hiroshi , Tanaka Hisaaki , Kuroda Shin‐ichi , Goto Atsushi , Shimizu Tadashi , Takenobu Taishi , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new bromo‐bridged NiIII compound has been synthesized. This compound displayed a strong antiferromagnetic interaction between spins located on NiIII species (J=(2350±500) K) that result from the strong covalency of the NiBr bond and the spin‐Peierls transition below 150 K. This was shown by the results of magnetic susceptibility and 81Br nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy analysis. We succeeded in the electrostatic carrier doping of a single crystalline sample by using a field‐effect transistor device. This compound also showed n‐type semiconductor behavior, which can be reasonably rationalized by the existence of a small amount of NiII impurities.
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Polymer‐Encapsulated Magnetic Nanobead Catalysts
Authors: Arai Takayoshi , Sato Toru , Kanoh Hirofumi , Kaneko Katsumi , Oguma Koichi , Yanagisawa Akira 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new strategy for the encapsulation of magnetic nanobeads was developed by using the in situ self‐assembly of an organic–inorganic hybrid polymer. The hybrid polymer of {[Cu(bpy)(BF4)2(H2O)2](bpy)}n (bpy=4,4′‐bipyridine) was constructed on the surface of amino‐functionalized magnetic beads and the resulting hybrid‐polymer‐encapsulated beads were utilized as catalysts for the oxidation of silyl enolates to provide the corresponding α‐hydroxy carbonyl compounds in high yield. After the completion of the reaction, the catalyst was readily recovered by magnetic separation and the recovered catalyst could be reused several times. Because the current method did not require complicated procedures for incorporating the catalyst onto the magnetic beads, the preparation and the application of various other types of organic–inorganic hybrid‐polymer‐coated magnetic beads could be possible.
Bay‐Area Selective Thermal [4+2] and [4+4] Cycloaddition Reactions of Triply Linked ZnII Diporphyrin with o‐Xylylene
Authors: Tanaka Takayuki , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA triply linked ZnII diporphyrin underwent site‐selective cycloaddition reactions with thermally generated o‐xylylene to provide a triply linked porphyrin–chlorin hybrid and a triply linked chlorin dimer in moderate yields. The former product is a symmetry‐allowed [4+2] cycloadduct, while the latter is a symmetry‐forbidden [4+4] cycloadduct. Oxidation of the latter product with 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) provided a triply linked diporphyrin fused with a benzocyclooctatriene segment. This oxidized product and above [4+2] cycloadduct were structurally characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The observed site‐selectivity is considered to arise from the large MO coefficients at the bay‐area in the LUMO of the triply linked diporphyrin. The anomalous thermal [4+4] cycloaddition may be ascribed to the highly conjugated and quite perturbed electronic properties of triply linked ZnII diporphyrin.