bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical study on the relationship between liver cirrhosis, ascites, and hyponatremia
Authors: Li Xuan-Ji , Meng Hui-Hui 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Cirrhosis is a common liver disease, and ascites is one of the common clinical conditions. However, the clinical manifestations of ascites combined with hyponatremia as a high-risk condition and its relationship to patient prognosis have not been fully studied.
AIM
To explore the clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, and relationships of ascites with hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis to provide better diagnostic and treatment strategies.
METHODS
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 150 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and ascites between 2017 and 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: ascites combined with hyponatremia group and ascites group. We compared the general characteristics, degree of hyponatremia, complications, treatment, and prognosis between the two groups.
RESULTS
In the study results, patients in the ascites combined with hyponatremia group showed an older average age (58.2 ± 8.9 years), 64.4% were male, and had a significantly longer hospitalization time (12.7 ± 5.3 d). Hyponatremia was more severe in this group, with a mean serum sodium concentration of 128.5 ± 4.3 mmol/L, which was significantly different from the ascites group of 137.6 ± 2.1 mmol/L. Patients with ascites and hyponatremia were more likely to develop hepatic encephalopathy (56.2% vs 39.0%), renal impairment (45.2% vs 28.6%) and infection (37.0% vs 23.4%). Regarding treatment, this group more frequently used diuretics (80.8% vs 62.3%) and salt supplements (60.3% vs 38.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified older age [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, P = 0.025] and male gender (OR = 1.72, P = 0.020) as risk factors for hyponatremia combined with ascites. Overall, patients with ascites and hyponatremia present a clear high-risk status, accompanied by severe complications and poor prognosis.
CONCLUSION
In patients with cirrhosis, ascites with hyponatremia is a high-risk condition that is often associated with severe complications.
MH-STRALP: A scoring system for prognostication in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Hu Jun-Nan , Xu Fei , Hao Ya-Rong , Sun Chun-Yan , Wu Kai-Ming , Lin Yong , Zhong Lan , Zeng Xin 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common medical emergency and early assessment of its outcomes is vital for treatment decisions.
AIM
To develop a new scoring system to predict its prognosis.
METHODS
In this retrospective study, 692 patients with UGIB were enrolled from two centers and divided into a training (n = 591) and a validation cohort (n = 101). The clinical data were collected to develop new prognostic prediction models. The endpoint was compound outcome defined as (1) demand for emergency surgery or vascular intervention, (2) being transferred to the intensive care unit, or (3) death during hospitalization. The models’ predictive ability was compared with previously established scores by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
RESULTS
Totally 22.2% (131/591) patients in the training cohort and 22.8% (23/101) in the validation cohort presented poor outcomes. Based on the stepwise-forward Logistic regression analysis, eight predictors were integrated to determine a new post-endoscopic prognostic scoring system (MH-STRALP); a nomogram was determined to present the model. Compared with the previous scores (GBS, Rockall, ABC, AIMS65, and PNED score), MH-STRALP showed the best prognostic prediction ability with area under the ROC curves (AUROCs) of 0.899 and 0.826 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. According to the calibration curve, decision curve analysis, and internal cross-validation, the nomogram showed good calibration ability and net clinical benefit in both cohorts. After removing the endoscopic indicators, the pre-endoscopic model (pre-MH-STRALP score) was conducted. Similarly, the pre-MH-STRALP score showed better predictive value (AUROCs of 0.868 and 0.767 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively) than the other pre-endoscopic scores.
CONCLUSION
The MH-STRALP score and pre-MH-STRALP score are simple, convenient, and accurate tools for prognosis prediction of UGIB, and may be applied for early decision on its management strategies.
Early postoperative complications after transverse colostomy closure, a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Fei , Luo Xiao-Juan , Li Zi-Wei , Liu Xiao-Yu , Liu Xu-Rui , Lv Quan , Shu Xin-Peng , Zhang Wei , Peng Dong 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Ostomy is a common surgery usually performed to protect patients from clinical symptoms caused by distal anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery and perforation or to relieve intestinal obstruction.
AIM
To analyze the complications after transverse colostomy closure.
METHODS
Patients who underwent transverse colostomy closure from Jan 2015 to Jan 2022 were retrospectively enrolled in a single clinical center. The differences between the complication group and the no complication group were compared. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to find independent factors for overall complications or incision infection.
RESULTS
A total of 102 patients who underwent transverse colostomy closure were enrolled in the current study. Seventy (68.6%) patients underwent transverse colostomy because of CRC related causes. Postoperative complications occurred in 30 (29.4%) patients and the most frequent complication occurring after transverse colostomy closure was incision infection (46.7%). The complication group had longer hospital stays (P < 0.01). However, no potential risk factors were identified for overall complications and incision infection.
CONCLUSION
The most frequent complication occurring after transverse colostomy closure surgery in our center was incision infection. The operation time, interval from transverse colostomy to reversal, and method of anastomosis might have no impact on the postoperative complications. Surgeons should pay more attention to aseptic techniques.
Inflammatory responses in esophageal mucosa before and after laparoscopic antireflux surgery
Authors: Ergun Pelin , Kipcak Sezgi , Selvi Gunel Nur , Yildirim Sozmen Eser , Bor Serhat 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Currently, the primary treatment for gastroesophageal reflux is acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors, but they are not a cure, and some patients don’t respond well or refuse long-term use. Therefore, alternative therapies are needed to understand the disease and develop better treatments. Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (LARS) can resolve symptoms of these patients and plays a significant role in evaluating esophageal healing after preventing harmful effects. Successful LARS improves typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in most patients, mainly by reducing the exposure time to gastric contents in the esophagus. Amelioration of the inflammatory response and a recovery response in the esophageal epithelium is expected following the cessation of the noxious attack.
AIM
To explore the role of inflammatory biomolecules in LARS and assess the time required for esophageal epithelial recovery.
METHODS
Of 22 patients with LARS (pre- and post/5.8 ± 3.8 months after LARS) and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were included. All subjects underwent 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, during which esophageal biopsy samples were collected using endoscopic techniques. Inflammatory molecules in esophageal biopsies were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and multiplex-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS
Post-LARS samples showed significant increases in proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon-γ, C-X-C chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2)], anti-inflammatory cytokines [CC chemokine ligand (CCL) 11, CCL13, CCL17, CCL26, CCL1, CCL7, CCL8, CCL24, IL-4, IL-10], and homeostatic cytokines (CCL27, CCL20, CCL19, CCL23, CCL25, CXCL12, migration inhibitory factor) compared to both HCs and pre-LARS samples. CCL17 and CCL21 levels were higher in pre-LARS than in HCs (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of AKT1, fibroblast growth factor 2, HRAS, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 were significantly decreased post-LARS vs pre-LARS. CCL2 and epidermal growth factor gene levels were significantly increased in the pre-LARS compared to the HCs (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The presence of proinflammatory proteins post-LARS suggests ongoing inflammation in the epithelium. Elevated homeostatic cytokine levels indicate cell balance is maintained for about 6 months after LARS. The anti-inflammatory response post-LARS shows suppression of inflammatory damage and ongoing postoperative recovery.
Link between mutations in ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes and chronic intestinal ulcers: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Tang Yong-Jing , Zhang Jian , Wang Jie , Tian Ren-Dong , Zhong Wei-Wei , Yao Ben-Sheng , Hou Bing-Yu , Chen Ying-Hua , He Wei , He Yi-Huai 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Genetic factors of chronic intestinal ulcers are increasingly garnering attention. We present a case of chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding associated with mutations of the activin A receptor type II-like 1 (ACVRL1 ) and phospholipase A2 group IVA (PLA2G4A ) genes and review the available relevant literature.
CASE SUMMARY
A 20-year-old man was admitted to our center with a 6-year history of recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dark stools. At the onset 6 years ago, the patient had received treatment at a local hospital for abdominal pain persisting for 7 d, under the diagnosis of diffuse peritonitis, acute gangrenous appendicitis with perforation, adhesive intestinal obstruction, and pelvic abscess. The surgical treatment included exploratory laparotomy, appendectomy, intestinal adhesiolysis, and pelvic abscess removal. The patient’s condition improved and he was discharged. However, the recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and passage of black stools started again one year after discharge. On the basis of these features and results of subsequent colonoscopy, the clinical diagnosis was established as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Accordingly, aminosalicylic acid, immunotherapy, and related symptomatic treatment were administered, but the symptoms of the patient did not improve significantly. Further investigations revealed mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes. ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A are involved in angiogenesis and coagulation, respectively. This suggests that the chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding in this case may be linked to mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes. Oral Kangfuxin liquid was administered to promote healing of the intestinal mucosa and effectively manage clinical symptoms.
CONCLUSION
Mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes may be one of the causes of chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding in IBD. Orally administered Kangfuxin liquid may have therapeutic potential.
Mechanical Strength, Characterization and Suitability of Cement-Plastic Concrete Admixture
Authors: Abubakar S. A. , Hamzat A. O. , Akpenpuun T. D. 
Published: March 2024

A significant increment in the consumption of plastic has been monitored globally in recent years, which has led to a high amount of plastic waste. Given its benefits on both an economic and ecological level, recycling plastic waste to create new materials like concrete is considered to be one of the finest ways to get rid of plastic waste. The objective of this paper was to examine the workability, durability, and mechanical strength of concrete with partial replacement of coarse aggregates with plastic waste using standard procedure. The percentages of plastic waste used to replace coarse aggregate were 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. Lastly, the mechanical characteristics of the concrete mix specimens was determined by testing them using a testometric and compressor machine. The specimens are then compared with the conventional mix. The test results demonstrated that the compressive strength exhibited a decreasing trend. For mixes ranging from 0% to 15%, the compressive strength varies from 35.66 to 17.88 N/mm2, however the flexural strength significantly decreases when 15% of the coarse aggregate is replaced with plastic waste. It can be concluded that reusing plastic waste as an aggregate during the concrete-making process reduces waste and conserves resources.
Concentration and Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Herbs from Electronic Waste Disposal Site in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Orji N. C. 
Published: March 2024

Considering that about 80 % of the world population uses herbs for the treatment of illnesses and the contamination that is prevalent at electronic waste (e-waste) disposal sites, this study evaluated the concentrations of heavy metals and health risks in the use and consumption of Rhynchospora corymbosa, Pentodon pentandrus and Cyclosorus dentatus, herbs commonly found in electronic waste disposal site in Lagos State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals in the plant were: 100.78±0.91, 0.16±0.02, 25.68±0.44, 258.94±1.62, and 8.51±0.04 mg/kg for Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu and Cr, respectively. Pentodon pentandrus had the highest Pb, Cu and Ni concentrations, Cyclosorus dentatus had the highest Cd concentration while Rhynchospora corymbosa recorded the highest concentration of Cr. The bio-accumulation factor of Cu in Pentodon pentandrus and in Rhynchospora corymbosa and of Cr in Rhynchospora corymbosa were higher than 1. The estimated daily intake of Pb and Ni in Pentodon pentandrus, Cyclosorus dentatus and Rhynchospora corymbosa exceeded the Provisional Maximum Tolerable Intake, indicating an intolerable risk to the consumers’ health. The hazard index of each of the plants indicates that the cumulative health effects of the heavy metals would cause potential health hazards to the consumers. This useful information gives an accurate indication of the levels of contamination of the plants and the potential health risk effects of the consumption of these herbs from the dumpsite.
Comparative Reports on Pleurotus Sajor-caju Cultivated on Local Wood Wastes in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Olasupo O. O. , Asonibare A. O. , Babalola Y. O. , Akeredolu O. A. , Bamgboye A. M. , Akanni F. O. 
Published: March 2024

Cultivation of Pleurotus species, an Oyster mushroom is now becoming well known due to its taste, medicinal and nutritional values. It is capable of degrading agricultural wastes efficiently and even grows at different temperature ranges. Relatively, Pleurotus species has shorter life span and the fruiting bodies are rarely attacked by pests and diseases unlike the other edible mushrooms. Therefore, the aim of this research is to access the influence of mineral constituents of five local wood wastes (Anogeissus leiocarpa, Pouteria altissima, Vitellaria paradoxa, Cordia milleni and Triplochiton scleroxylon) in Ibadan metropolis on the growth, fruiting body yield and proximate analysis of cultivated oyster mushroom (P. sajor-caju). Data of Carbon/Nitrogen ratio (11.10 – 11.60) found reveal composition of Magnesium (0.035 mg), Potassium (0.053 mEq/l), Manganese (0.0013 mg), Copper (0.00050 g/m3), Iron (0.00275 mol/L), Phosphorus (0.027 mmol/L), Organic carbon (32.10 mg/L C), Organic matter (55.3 t/ha) and total nitrogen (2.77 mg/L) contributed greatly to the high crude protein, fats and ash contents of mushroom cultivated on T. Scleroxylon. However, insignificant contents of sodium (0.2 mg), Calcium (0.2 mmol/L) and Magnesium (0.013 mg) in Pouteria altissima led to the general inadequate performance of (P. sajor-caju) in yields. The fresh mean weight of (P. sajor-caju) was from 8.00 g – 27.53 g. The heaviest weight was obtained from T. scleroxylon followed by V. paradoxa, C. milleni, while Anogeissus leiocarpa gave the lightest weight. Hence, T. scleroxylon will be suggested for cultivating P. sajor-caju because of its positive impact on the yield, crude fibre, and protein content of the experimented mushroom.
ĐẢNG CỘNG SẢN VIỆT NAM VỚI VIỆC XÂY DỰNG VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN NỀN VĂN HOÁ DÂN TỘC TRONG HIỆN THỰC HÓA KHÁT VỌNG PHÁT TRIỂN ĐẤT NƯỚC PHỒN VINH, HẠNH PHÚC: QUAN ĐIỂM, THỰC TRẠNG VÀ GIẢI PHÁP
Authors: ĐẶNG THỊ MINH PHƯỢNG  
Published: March 2024

Văn hóa Việt Nam là tổng thể các giá trị vật chất và tinh thần do cộng đồng các dân tộc Việt Nam sáng tạo nên trong lịch sử dựng nước và giữ nước, là sức mạnh nội sinh của dân tộc, là cốt cách của dân tộc. Từ khi ra đời đến nay, Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam luôn coi trọng vai trò và sức mạnh của văn hóa. Nghị quyết Đại hội đại biểu toàn quốc lần thứ XIII của Đảng khẳng định: Xây dựng và phát triển nền văn hóa Việt Nam là vấn đề có ý nghĩa lớn để phát triển nền kinh tế - xã hội bền vững, ổn định chính trị, nâng cao đời sống nhân dân. Dưới sự lãnh đạo của Đảng, đặc biệt là trong 37 năm đổi mới, trên lĩnh vực xây dựng và phát triển văn hoá Việt Nam, bên cạnh những kết quả đã đạt được thì văn hóa Việt Nam còn những hạn chế, tồn tại, bất cập, yếu kém cần được khắc phục. Trong bài viết này, chúng tôi tập trung nghiên cứu quá trình nhận thức của Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam về văn hóa, thành tựu và hạn chế cơ bản trong xây dựng văn hóa Việt Nam thời kỳ đổi mới; từ đó đề xuất một số giải pháp để bảo vệ, giữ gìn, phát huy bản sắc văn hóa dân tộc Việt Nam trong quá trình hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế, hiện thực hóa khát vọng phát triển đất nước phồn vinh, hạnh phúc.
Penerapan Metode K-Medoids Clustering Pada Penanganan Kasus Demam Berdarah
Authors: Aripin Soeb , Gulo Timotius , Angin Gebi Putri Novita Sari Perangin 
Published: March 2024

The number of cases of the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in Beringin Country Village every year has increased for this reason, it is necessary to handle dengue hemorrhagic fever so that the spread does not increase dengue hemorrhagic fever cases every year. The vast natural conditions of Banyan Country Village make it difficult to monitor the spread of diseases based on the most cases. This causes slow prevention and control of the disease. For this reason, it is necessary to group or cluster diseases based on the number of cases that occur each year. This study aims to apply the K-Medoids algorithm to group dengue hemorrhagic fever data based on the number of cases each year. The process of solving problems can be done by processing data. Data mining is a data processing process for extracting information stored in the data set, in data mining the process of grouping data for the process of handling dengue hemorrhagic fever is included in clustering techniques. The K-medoids algorithm is a limiting clustering method for grouping a collection of objects into clusters. The data used is in the form of data on dengue sufferers, from 2017-2022. Test results were obtained for high cluster dengue disease of 72 members and low 28 members. The K-medoids algorithm can help facilitate the process of forming dengue hemorrhagic fever treatment clusters. Testing using manual calculations and the Rapidminer application gets the same results as the system. This shows that the system has worked well.
Application of Complexity Theory and Systems Thinking to Leadership and Governance Issues in Ghana
Authors: Duffour Kwabena 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the application of complexity theory and systems thinking to leadership and governance issues in Ghana.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: In Ghana, the application of complexity theory and systems thinking to leadership and governance has shown promise in addressing the country's multifaceted challenges. By embracing decentralized decision-making and recognizing the interconnectedness of various societal factors, leaders have fostered more adaptive governance structures. This approach has led to improved responsiveness to emerging issues, enhanced stakeholder engagement, and a more holistic understanding of governance dynamics. Overall, the integration of complexity theory and systems thinking has contributed to more effective and resilient leadership and governance practices in Ghana.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Complexity theory, systems thinking & adaptive leadership theory may be used to anchor future studies on the application of complexity theory and systems thinking to leadership and governance issues in Ghana. Integrate complexity theory and systems thinking principles into leadership development programs across various sectors. Advocate for the adoption of adaptive governance structures that are responsive to changing environmental conditions and stakeholder needs.
Determinants of Children’s Enrollment in Selected Pre-Schools in Tana Delta Sub County, Tana River County, Kenya
Authors: Walakisa Ntondwe, R. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the Study is to gather useful information on the determinants of children’s enrollment in pre-schools, the study was guided by the following research question “How do parents’ attitudes towards pre-school education influence pre-school enrollment?” Literature was reviewed under the following sub heading; parents’ attitude towards early learning and pre-school enrollment.
Methodology: The researcher employed use of survey method to gather data, simple random was used in sampling respondents.
Findings: The study found out that Parents’ Attitude towards Pre-School influences children’s enrolment as majority (75%) of the parents in the study indicated that pre-school education was important to the child. This shows that majority of parents had a positive perception of pre-school education.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The researcher recommended that the government should include pre-schools into free primary education and financially support the school feeing program. The County Director of Education Mr M ashengu was a worried person in the declining enrolment of early learners, a view shared by the Director of Preschools, Tana-River County, Mr Abdi Bantta that that the two provided excellent support in solving the puzzle and delve into ways that will significantly reduce the costs incurred by parents’ thereby encouraging increased enrollment.
Seberapa Efektif Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Scientific dalam Praktikum Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Authors: Darmawan Andry , Sangaji Faisal 
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini bermaksud menguraikan seberapa efektif penggunaan model pembelajaran scientific dalam praktikum ilmu pengetahuan alam pada sisiwa sekolah menengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan sistematic literatur Review. Penggunaan Model Scientific dalam Praktikum Ilmu IPA menawarkan pendekatan struktural dan metodologis yang bertujuan meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual siswa melalui eksplorasi dan pemecahan masalah. Dalam model ini, siswa diberi kesempatan untuk melibatkan diri secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, memungkinkan mereka untuk mengalami konsep sains secara langsung melalui eksperimen, observasi, dan refleksi. Meskipun menjanjikan, penggunaan model ini juga menimbulkan beberapa tantangan, termasuk keterbatasan sumber daya, kebutuhan akan pelatihan guru yang mendalam, dan relevansi model untuk berbagai latar belakang dan minat siswa. Secara keseluruhan, penggunaan Model Scientific dalam praktikum IPA menekankan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis penelitian dan refleksi kritis untuk mencapai pemahaman sains yang mendalam dan berkelanjutan