bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of SMN1 and SMN2 genes by capillary electrophoresis for diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Wang Chun‐Chi , Chang Jan‐Gowth , Ferrance Jerome , Chen Hsin‐Yi , You Chung‐Yee , Chang Yung‐Fu , Jong Yuh‐Jyh , Wu Shou‐Mei , Yeh Chao‐Hung 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe present the first CE method for the separation and quantification of SMN1 and SMN2 genes. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder deleted or mutated in SMN1 gene and retained at least one copy of SMN2 gene. However, these two genes are highly homologous, differentiation and quantification of SMN1 and SMN2 are therefore required in diagnosis to identify SMA patients and carriers. We developed a fluorescence‐labeled conformation‐sensitive CE method to quantitatively analyze PCR products covering the variable position in the SMN1/SMN2 genes using a copolymer solution composed of hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose. The DNA samples included 24 SMA patients, 52 parents of SMA patients (obligatory carriers), and 255 controls. Those 331 samples were blind analyzed to evaluate the method, and the results compared with those obtained using denaturing HPLC (DHPLC). Validation of accuracy was performed by comparing the results with those of DHPLC. Nine of total samples showed different results. Diagnosis of one fetus DNA among them was related to abortion or not, which was further confirmed by gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Our method showed good coincidence with them, and proved the misdiagnosis of DHPLC. This simple and reliable CE method is a powerful tool for clinical genotyping of large populations to detect carriers and SMA patients.
Selective extraction, separation, and identification of anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. using solid phase extraction‐capillary electrophoresis‐mass spectrometry (time‐of‐flight /ion trap)
Authors: Segura‐Carretero Antonio , Puertas‐Mejía Miguel A. , Cortacero‐Ramírez Sonia , Beltrán Raúl , Alonso‐Villaverde Carlos , Joven Jorge , Dinelli Giovanni , Fernández‐Gutiérrez Alberto 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA method for selective extraction using SPE, electrophoretic separation at basic condition and the identification by using exact masses and fragmentation patterns has been developed in order to know the anthocyanins in dried calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. A detailed and comparative study of several extraction procedures has been carried out to obtain the maximum number of anthocyanidins from the calyces and then a CE‐TOF‐MS method in positive mode using ESI has been developed for the separation and rapid identification of anthocyanins in H. sabdariffa L. Delphinidin‐3‐sambubioside, cyanidin‐3‐sambubioside have been detected as main components and cyanidin‐3‐O‐rutinoside, delphinidin‐3‐O‐glucoside and cyanidin‐3,5‐diglucoside, and chlorogenic acid as minor constituents. The confirmation of the anthocyanidins and chlorogenic acid was carried out using fragmentation ions with the IT‐mass spectrometer (IT‐MS).
A new interface used to couple capillary electrophoresis with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for speciation analysis
Authors: Yang GuiDi , Xu XueQin , Wang Wei , Xu LiangJun , Chen GuoNan , Fu FengFu 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this work, a novel and high‐efficiency interface has been developed in coupling CE with inductively coupled plasma MS (ICPMS). The interface completely avoids laminar flow in CE capillary caused by the suction of nebulizer, and can be easily and stably operated at room temperature with high analyte transport efficiency to ICPMS. The new interface has a liquid dead volume smaller than 5 nL, which was much smaller than those (65–2500 µL) reported previously for other interfaces. All above features led to a higher sensitivity and a better electrophoretic resolution for CE‐ICPMS coupled with this new interface. With the help of this new interface, we have successfully separated and determined five species of arsenic, As(III), As(V), monomethylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid and p‐aminophenylarsonic acid using CE‐ICPMS within 11 min with a detection limit of 0.046–0.075 ng/mL and an RSD of 2–6% (n = 6).
Critical evaluation of buffering solutions for pKa determination by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Fuguet Elisabet , Reta Mario , Gibert Carme , Rosés Martí , Bosch Elisabeth , Ràfols Clara 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe performance of the most common and also some other less common CE buffers has been tested for the pKa determination of several types of compounds (pyridine, amines, and phenols). The selected buffers cover a pH ranging from 3.7 to 11.8. Whereas some buffers, like acetic acid/acetate, BisTrisH+/BisTris, TrisH+/Tris, CHES/CHES−, and CAPS/CAPS− can be used with all type of analytes, others like ammonium/ammonia, butylammonium/butylammonia, ethylammonium/ethylammonia, diethylammonium/diethylammonia, and hydrogenphosphate/phosphate are not recommended because they interact with a wide range of compounds. The rest of the tested buffers (dihydrogenphosphate/hydrogenphosphate, MES/MES−, HEPES/HEPES−, and boric acid/borate) can show specific interactions depending on the nature of the analytes, and their use in some applications should be restricted.
Thermooptical detection in microchips: From macro‐ to micro‐scale with enhanced analytical parameters
Authors: Smirnova Adelina , Proskurnin Mikhail A. , Bendrysheva Svetlana N. , Nedosekin Dmitry A. , Hibara Akihide , Kitamori Takehiko 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we compared the methods of photothermal spectroscopy used in different spatial scales, namely thermal‐lens spectrometry (TLS) and thermal‐lens microscopy (TLM) to enhance the performance parameters in analytical procedures. All of the experimental results were confirmed by theoretical calculation. It was proven that the design for both TLM and TLS, despite a different scale for the effect, is governed by the same signal‐generating and probing conditions (probe beam diameter at the sample should be equal to the diameter of the blooming thermal lens), and almost does not depend on the nature of the solvent. Theoretical and experimental instrumental error curves for thermal lensing were coincident. TLM obeys the same law of instrumental error as TLS and shows better repeatability for the same levels of thermal‐lens signals or absorbances. TLS is more advantageous for studying low concentrations in bulk, while TLM shows much lower absolute LODs due to better repeatability for low amounts. The behavior of the thermal‐lens signal with different flow rates was studied and optimum conditions, with the minimum contribution to total error, were found. These conditions are reproducible, are in agreement with the existing theory of the thermal response in thermal lensing, and do not significantly affect the design of the optimum scheme for setups. TLM showed low LODs in solvent extraction (down to 10–8 M) and electrokinetic separation (10–7 M), which were shown to be governed by discussed instrumental regularities, instead of by microchemistry.
Dodecyl thioglycopyranoside sulfates: Novel sugar‐based surfactants for enantiomeric separations by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography
Authors: Tano Chiharu , Son Sang‐Hyun , Furukawa Jun‐ichi , Furuike Tetsuya , Sakairi Nobuo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFour novel chiral anionic surfactants having carbohydrate hydrophilic heads, sodium n‐dodecyl 1‐thio‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside 6‐hydrogen sulfate (6‐βGlcD), sodium n‐dodecyl 1‐thio‐β‐L‐glucopyranoside 6‐hydrogen sulfate (6‐βGlcL), sodium n‐dodecyl 1‐thio‐β‐L‐fucopyranoside 3‐hydrogen sulfate (3‐βFucL), and sodium n‐dodecyl 1‐thio‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside 3‐hydrogen sulfate (3‐αRhaL), were synthesized by selective sulfation of the corresponding thioglycosides. Their CMC determined by fluorescence using pyrene as a probe in water was 1.3–2.7 mM. These surfactants found to be useful as chiral selectors for enantiomeric separation by MEKC. The enantiomeric separation was optimized with respect to pH, buffer concentration, and surfactant concentration. Under the optimized conditions (50 mM phosphate buffer at pH 6.5, 30 mM surfactant, 20 kV), the enantiomeric separations of five dansylated amino acids (Dns‐AAs) were achieved within approximately 20 min with the migration order of Val < Met < Leu < Phe < Trp. With 6‐βGlcD, all D‐forms of Dns‐AAs were found to migrate faster than the corresponding L‐forms, whereas the migration order of the enantiomers was completely reversed with the surfactant 6‐βGlcL having inversed absolute configuration of 6‐βGlcD. Among four surfactants examined, β‐anomers were much superior chiral selectors than α‐anomers, and the maximum resolution was obtained with the 6‐deoxy sugar, 3‐βFucL. These results indicated that the structures of the surfactant head groups including their anomeric configurations have significant effects on the enantiomeric separation and the migration behavior in MEKC.
Development and validation of the Cognitive Inventory of subjective distress
Authors: Antoine Pascal , Antoine Christine , Nandrino Jean‐Louis 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjectivesObjectives This study was aimed at exploring some of the facets of psychological distress during aging, and at validating an inventory, the Cognitive Inventory of Subjective Distress (CISD) for assessing this kind of distress.MethodsAn inventory of thoughts representing distress schemas was administered to 298 elderly subjects living at home or in a center.ResultsFactor analyses suggested retaining 29 items. They explained 62% of the total variance and corresponded to seven distinct facets: abandonment, dependency, disengagement, fear of losing control, loss of individuality, refusal of help, and vulnerability. These dimensions turned out to be relatively independent of each other and moderately correlated with measures of depression and anxiety. The internal consistency and temporal reliability of the seven scales are good.ConclusionThe CISD is an original tool for assessing psychological distress. It is geared to old and very old individuals living in a center for the elderly, and its design takes the fatiguability and cognitive heterogeneity of this population into account. This inventory can also be used for psychopathological assessment and can serve as a baseline for following patients over time or in the course of therapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing multidisciplinary assessment—exploring the evidence from a social care perspective
Authors: Sutcliffe Caroline , Hughes Jane , Abendstern Michele , Clarkson Paul , Challis David 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBackgroundThis paper provides an initial evaluation of the impact of the Single Assessment Process (SAP) in England upon practice regarding multidisciplinary assessment.ObjectivesTo investigate changes in recorded health needs of older people and in the number of multidisciplinary assessments undertaken using social care agencies' case files. To examine differences in approaches to the use of multidisciplinary assessment for older people with different health needs.MethodsAn audit of case files of older people living in the community in receipt of social care in three areas carried out at two time periods before and after implementation of the SAP in 2004. Information extracted from files covered a number of domains including evidence of multidisciplinary assessments, and presence of mental and physical health problems.ResultsData from 144 files at Time 1 were compared with 145 files from Time 2. Little evidence emerged that older people at Time 2 were more dependent. However, significantly more multidisciplinary assessments were undertaken following the introduction of the SAP, in particular by occupational therapists and secondary health care teams. Cognitive impairment was a significant predictor of multidisciplinary assessment at both time periods.ConclusionsThe impact of the introduction of the SAP has been mediated by the influence of other policies in England: intermediate care and integrated health and social care provision. Nevertheless, the data suggest that consideration be given to more effective targeting of multidisciplinary assessments on the grounds of both cost and more accurate identification of those who will benefit from the process. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proposal of radiation fluxmeter for asymmetric thermal radiation field measurement
Authors: Yamada Noboru , Saitoh Takeo 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn this study, a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) radiation fluxmeter is proposed for measuring an asymmetric radiation field such as that in an urban outdoor environment with strong solar radiation in summer. The proposed CPC fluxmeter, which consists of multiple sets of a CPC mirror and a radiation flux sensor, can measure directional radiation from a solid angle limited by the acceptance half‐angle of the CPC. Using the data measured by the CPC radiation fluxmeter, a methodology to estimate the incident radiation flux distribution on an arbitrary three‐dimensional body was described in detail. A prototype CPC fluxmeter was fabricated and its essential parameters were calibrated based on the heat balance at the radiation flux sensor. Finally, actual field measurement and estimation of the radiation flux distribution on a human body model were demonstrated in a summer urban outdoor environment. Results show the validity and advantage of the proposed CPC radiation fluxmeter as compared with the conventional globe thermometer. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(5): 259–274, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20209
Ror1, a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and may serve as a putative target for therapy
Authors: DaneshManesh Amir H. , Mikaelsson Eva , Jeddi‐Tehrani Mahmood , Bayat Ali Ahmad , Ghods Roya , Ostadkarampour Mahyar , Akhondi Mehdi , Lagercrantz Svetlana , Larsson Catharina , Österborg Anders , Shokri Fazel , Mellstedt Håkan , Rabbani Hodjattallah 
Published: June 2008

AbstractGene profiling studies of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has revealed increased expression of Ror1, a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase. The aim of present study was to analyze gene and protein expression of Ror1 in CLL cells and normal blood leukocytes. Gene expression analysis reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction of ROR1 revealed that all patients with CLL (n = 100) spontaneously expressed ROR1 mRNA whereas enriched blood B and T cells as well as granulocytes from healthy donors (n = 10) were negative. A strong nonphysiological activation signal (PMA/ionomycin) was required to induce expression in vitro in normal lymphocytes. Major genomic aberrations (mutations or truncation) of ROR1 were not observed. Protein expression was analyzed by Western blot using a panel of polyclonal anti‐Ror antibodies as well as flow cytometry. Blood lymphocytes from 18/18 CLL patients, but none of the 10 healthy donors, expressed surface Ror1. The majority of CLL cells exhibited Ror1 surface expression (71% mean; range 36–92%) with a mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 20 (range 10–45). The corresponding MFI of CD19 on CLL cells was 26 (range 9–48). There was no difference in the Ror1 protein expression comparing IgVH mutated and unmutated cases as well as progressive and nonprogressive CLL patients. Two different variants of the Ror1 protein, 105 and 130 kDa, were identified. The Ror1 protein expression in patients with CLL but not in normal leukocytes merits further studies of its role in the pathobiology of CLL, which may provide a basis for development of Ror1 directed targeted therapy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activation of PPARα inhibits IGF‐I‐mediated growth and survival responses in medulloblastoma cell lines
Authors: Urbanska Katarzyna , Pannizzo Paola , Grabacka Maja , Croul Sidney , Del Valle Luis , Khalili Kamel , Reiss Krzysztof 
Published: June 2008

AbstractRecent studies suggest a potential role of lipid lowering drugs, fibrates and statins, in anticancer treatment. One candidate for tumor chemoprevention is fenofibrate, which is a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Our results demonstrate elevated expression of PPARα in the nuclei of neoplatic cells in 12 out of 13 cases of medulloblastoma, and of PPARγ in six out of 13 cases. Further analysis demonstrated that aggressive mouse medulloblastoma cells, BsB8, express PPARα in the absence PPARγ, and human medulloblastoma cells, D384 and Daoy, express both PPARα and PPARγ. Mouse and human cells responded to fenofibrate by a significant increase of PPAR‐mediated transcriptional activity, and by a gradual accumulation of cells in G1 and G2/M phase of the cell cycle, leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation and elevated apoptosis. Preincubation of BsB8 cells with fenofibrate attenuated IGF‐I‐induced IRS‐1, Akt, ERKs and GSK3β phosphorylation, and inhibited clonogenic growth. In Daoy and D384 cells, fenofibrate also inhibited IGF‐I‐mediated growth responses, and simultaneous delivery of fenofibrate with low dose of the IGF‐IR inhibitor, NVP‐AEW541, completely abolished their clonogenic growth and survival. These results indicate a strong supportive role of fenofibrate in chemoprevention against IGF‐I‐induced growth responses in medulloblastoma. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bi20 (fBTA05), a novel trifunctional bispecific antibody (anti‐CD20 × anti‐CD3), mediates efficient killing of B‐cell lymphoma cells even with very low CD20 expression levels
Authors: Stanglmaier Michael , Faltin Margot , Ruf Peter , Bodenhausen Annette , Schröder Petra , Lindhofer Horst 
Published: June 2008

AbstractTrifunctional bispecific antibodies can efficiently mediate tumor cell killing by redirecting T cells and immune accessory cells to the tumor cell. Here, we describe the new trifunctional antibody, Bi20 (FBTA05, anti‐CD20 × anti‐CD3), that connects B cells and T cells via its variable regions and recruits FcγRI+ accessory immune cells via its Fc region. Bi20 mediated efficient and specific lysis of B‐cell lines and of B cells with low CD20 expression levels that were derived from CLL patients. Remarkably, T‐cell activation and tumor cell killing occurred in an entirely autologous setting without additional effector cells in 5 of 8 samples. In comparison, rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal CD20 antibody, demonstrated a significantly lower B‐cell eradication rate. Additionally, Bi20, but not rituximab, upregulated the activation markers CD25 and CD69 on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the presence of accessory immune cells. CD14+ accessory cells and the monocyte cell line THP‐1 were activated via binding of the Fc region of Bi20, given that T cells were simultaneously engaged by the antibody. Bi20 induced a strong Th1 cytokine pattern characterized by high IFN‐γ and very low IL‐4 secretion. In conclusion, Bi20 may offer new immunotherapeutic options for the treatment of B‐cell lymphomas. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Global analysis of metastasis‐associated gene expression in primary cultures from clinical specimens of clear‐cell renal‐cell carcinoma
Authors: Tan Xiaojie , Zhai Yujia , Chang Wenjun , Hou Jianguo , He Songqin , Lin Liping , Yu Yongwei , Xu Danfeng , Xiao Jianru , Ma Liye , Wang Guoping , Cao Tinghu , Cao Guangwen 
Published: June 2008

AbstractMetastatic clear‐cell renal‐cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a poor prognosis and unpredictable course, and there are no molecular markers that reliably predict ccRCC metastasis. In this study, ccRCC specimens from 84 patients were directly cultured in vitro. Primary cultures from 38 of 94 specimens contained more than 90% tumor cells at the fourth passage. After identification by immunostaining, the primary cultures of metastatic and nonmetastatic ccRCC specimens from the age‐ and gender‐matched patients were subjected to cDNA microarray assays. A total of 842 differentially expressed genes with a FDR (false discovery rate) of 4.79% were identified. Pathway analysis and co‐occurrence with “cancer”, “metastasis” and “invasion” in the literature annotations functionally enriched the 842 genes and provided an indication of the reliability of our microarray assays. Novel genes associated with metastasis were selected based on protein‐protein interactions between 205 differentially expressed genes that co‐occurred with “metastasis” and those that did not co‐occur with “metastasis” on Medline, and the results of co‐expression analysis between the co‐occurred genes and unpublished genes. FSTL1, AV722783, SLC15A1, DDX17, ORC2L and PKMYT1 were found to be potential ccRCC metastasis‐associated novel genes, according to expression patterns in cultures and tumor tissues. Interestingly, the upregulated genes (CAV1, PKMYT1 and ORC2L) were also upregulated and the downregulated genes (FSTL1, GSTM3, CYR61, SLC15A1 and AV722783) were also downregulated in the primary ccRCC specimens compared with expression in adjacent renal tissues in 37 patients. This study has identified new candidate biomarkers and targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC metastasis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The high affinity peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma agonist RS5444 inhibits both initiation and progression of colon tumors in azoxymethane‐treated mice
Authors: Su Weidong , Necela Brian M. , Fujiwara Kosaku , Kurakata Shinichi , Murray Nicole R. , Fields Alan P. , Thompson E. Aubrey 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe evaluated RS5444, a thiazolidinedione high affinity PPARγ agonist, for the ability to inhibit colon carcinogenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)‐treated mice. In our initial experiment, mice were treated with RS5444 during AOM treatment, and the drug was withdrawn 12 weeks after the last injection of AOM. RS5444 significantly inhibited aberrant crypt focus formation under these circumstances. Furthermore, exposure to RS5444 during the course of AOM treatment effectively blocked colon tumor formation after withdrawal of the agonist. PPARγ expression and nuclear localization were reduced in adenomas. RS5444 did not inhibit DNA synthesis in tumor cells, suggesting that PPARγ activity was impaired in adenomas. To test this hypothesis, pre‐existing adenomas were treated with RS5444 for 16 weeks. We observed a slight, albeit not statistically significant, reduction in tumor incidence in RS5444‐treated mice. However, histological examination revealed that tumors from RS5444‐treated mice were of significantly lower grade, as evaluated by the extent of dysplasia. Furthermore, carcinoma in situ was observed in about one‐third of control tumors, but was never observed in RS5444‐treated tumors. We conclude that RS5444 inhibits both initiation and progression of colon tumors in the AOM model of sporadic colon carcinogenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.