bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi‐strong dynamic style analysis with time‐varying selectivity measurement: Applications to Brazilian exchange‐rate funds
Authors: Pizzinga Adrian , Vereda Luciano , Atherino Rodrigo , Fernandes Cristiano 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with restricted linear state space models for dynamic style analysis with time‐varying selectivity measurement. Implementation and interpretation of the models are pertinently discussed. Empirical contributions lie on the understanding of how managers of Brazilian US Dollar/Real exchange‐rate funds behaved
along 2001 and 2002, a period of some political turbulence especially due to the 2002 Brazilian presidential election. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A1298C polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and neural tube defects in the state of Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Gonzalez‐Herrera Lizbeth , Castillo‐Zapata Ileana , Garcia‐Escalante Guadalupe , Pinto‐Escalante Doris 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND:Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) of the folate metabolism pathway is a candidate gene for neural tube defects (NTDs). Frequency of the second common polymorphism, A1298C, in the MTHFR gene is not well known in Mexico. Conflicting results exist regarding the association of A1298C‐MTHFR with NTDs. One explanation for this controversy might be that alleles are differently distributed among various populations. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of the A1298C‐MTHFR polymorphism and its association with NTDs in a population of Yucatan, Mexico.METHODS:Genotyping was performed by use of polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphisms using MbOII endonuclease (PCR‐RFLPs MbOII). Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between cases with NTDs, their mothers and fathers with matched controls based on an association analysis using EpiInfo software.RESULTS:A1298C genotypes were distributed according to Hardy‐Weinberg expectations for all studied groups. Frequencies of allele C and heterozygous AC genotype were significantly higher in males (p = .006 and p = .011, respectively) in control group. Significant differences were not observed between cases and controls, except in mothers of NTD cases compared with mothers of healthy offspring for both allele C and heterozygous AC genotype (p = .009 and p = .01, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:The polymorphism A1298C‐MTHFR is not associated with NTDs, except for mothers, suggesting only a maternal association with having NTD‐affected offspring in the Yucatan population. The frequency of allele C in the control population was 10%, which is significantly lower than in other reported control populations worldwide (p < .01). Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute exposure to low‐level CW and GSM‐modulated 900 MHz radiofrequency does not affect Ba2+ currents through voltage‐gated calcium channels in rat cortical neurons
Authors: Platano Daniela , Mesirca Pietro , Paffi Alessandra , Pellegrino Monica , Liberti Micaela , Apollonio Francesca , Bersani Ferdinando , Aicardi Giorgio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe have studied the non‐thermal effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on Ba2+ currents ($I_{{\rm Ba}^{2+ } }$) through voltage‐gated calcium channels (VGCC), recorded in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons using the patch‐clamp technique. To assess whether low‐level acute RF field exposure could modify the amplitude and/or the voltage‐dependence of $I_{{\rm Ba}^{2+ } }$, Petri dishes containing cultured neurons were exposed for 1–3 periods of 90 s to 900 MHz RF‐EMF continuous wave (CW) or amplitude‐modulated according to global system mobile communication standard (GSM) during whole‐cell recording. The specific absorption rates (SARs) were 2 W/kg for CW and 2 W/kg (time average value) for GSM‐modulated signals, respectively. The results obtained indicate that single or multiple acute exposures to either CW or GSM‐modulated 900 MHz RF‐EMFs do not significantly alter the current amplitude or the current–voltage relationship of $I_{{\rm Ba}^{2+ } }$, through VGCC. Bioelectromagnetics 28:599–607, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vienna–Chicago: The cultural transformation of the model system of the un‐opposed molar
Authors: Luan Xianghong , Diekwisch Thomas G.H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe discussion over the roles of genes and environment on the phenotypical specification of organisms has held a central role in science philosophy since the late 19th century and has re‐emerged in today's debate over genetic determinism and developmental plasticity. In fin‐de‐siecle Vienna, this debate coincided with a philosophical debate over empiricism/materialism versus idealism/vitalism. Turn‐of‐the‐century Vienna's highly interdisciplinary environment was also the birthplace for the model system of the un‐opposed molar. The un‐opposed molar system features new tissue formation at the roots of teeth and tooth drift once opposing teeth are lost. The un‐opposed molar model system was revived by a group of Viennese scientists who left Vienna during the Nazi period to address Vienna's questions about evolution and heredity and about genes and environment in Chicago's post‐WWII scientific exile community. Here we are using the colorful history of the un‐opposed molar to investigate the role of culture and method in the scientific evolution of a model system. BioEssays 29:819–830, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender, immunity and the regulation of longevity
Authors: May Robin C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractFor humans and many other animals, gender is a fact of life. Most individuals are born either male or female and their sex will have an enormous influence on their behaviour, physiology and life history. In this review, I consider the effect gender has on lifespan. In particular, I discuss the role played by behaviour, immunity and oxidative damage in determining sex‐dependent differences in longevity. I consider existing explanations for the effect of gender on lifespan and how these explanations fit together. Finally, I expand on the recent suggestion of a key role for the insulin/IGF‐1 signalling pathway in regulating sex‐dependent differences in lifespan(1) and I highlight a number of areas for future investigation. BioEssays 29:795–802, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adult neurogenesis in non‐mammalian vertebrates
Authors: Chapouton Prisca , Jagasia Ravi , Bally‐Cuif Laure 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAdult neurogenesis is an exciting and rapidly advancing field of research. It addresses basic biological questions, such as the how and why of de novo neuronal production during adulthood, as well as medically relevant issues, including the potential link between adult neural stem cells and psychiatric disorders, or how stem cell manipulation might be used as a strategy for neuronal replacement. Current research mainly focuses on rodents, but we review here recent examination of non‐mammalian vertebrates, which demonstrates that bona fide adult neural stem cells exist in these species. Importantly, especially in teleost fish, these cells can be abundant and located in various brain areas. Hence, non‐mammalian vertebrate species provide invaluable comparative material for extracting core mechanisms of adult neural stem cell maintenance and fate. BioEssays 29:745–757, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Criminality and continued DUI offense: criminal typologies and recidivism among repeat offenders
Authors: LaBrie Richard A. , Kidman Rachel C. , Albanese Mark , Peller Allyson J. , Shaffer Howard J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe examined over 20,000 arraignment records to define criminal typologies and post‐treatment driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) convictions for a select cohort of 1,281 repeat DUI offenders who were offered and elected treatment as an alternative to incarceration; we compared this information with a similar data analysis collected 20 years previously. Analyses of 8,600 prior‐to‐treatment convictions defined four basic crime profiles: only DUI and other substance‐related offenses (60%), plus crimes against property (18%), plus crimes against people (8%), plus crimes against both property and people (13%). During the six years after inpatient treatment, 15.5% of the cohort was convicted of another DUI. The reoffense rate was significantly different across criminal types and was not related to the time post treatment years at risk. The findings show there has been no significant improvement in treatment outcome over the last 20 years. New and innovative DUI offender policies and practices are needed to better engage the heterogeneous offender population, and reduce the incidence of repeat DUI. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determining dangerousness in sexually violent predator evaluations: cognitive–experiential self‐theory and juror judgments of expert testimony
Authors: Lieberman Joel D. , Krauss Daniel A. , Kyger, Mariel , Lehoux, Maribeth 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPast research examining the effects of expert testimony on the future dangerousness of a defendant in death penalty sentencing found that jurors are more influenced by less scientific clinical expert testimony and tend to devalue scientific actuarial testimony. This study was designed to determine whether these findings extend to civil commitment trials for sexual offenders and to test a theoretical rationale for this effect. In addition, we investigated the influence of a recently developed innovation in risk assessment procedures, Guided Professional Judgment (GPJ) instruments. Consistent with a cognitive–experiential self‐theory based explanation, mock jurors motivated to process information in an experiential condition were more influenced by clinical testimony, while mock jurors in a rational mode were more influenced by actuarial testimony. Participants responded to clinical and GPJ testimony in a similar manner. However, participants' gender exerted important interactive effects on dangerousness decisions, with male jurors showing the predicted effect while females did not. The policy implications of these findings are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ideology and power: the influence of current neo‐liberalism in society
Authors: Nafstad Hilde Eileen , Blakar Rolv Mikkel , Carlquist Erik , Phelps Joshua Marvle , Rand‐Hendriksen Kim 
Published: July 2007

AbstractUnderstanding power requires analysis of the intra‐personal, interpersonal, inter‐group as well as the ideological levels. The present study demonstrates the importance of the ideological level. A longitudinal analysis (1984–2005) of media language in Norwegian public discourse demonstrates how the current globalised capitalist market ideology has increasingly permeated this long‐established Scandinavian welfare state; individualism increasing at the cost of communal values. The current hegemonic shift is reflected in that the usage of the Norwegian equivalents of ‘I’/‘me’ has increased considerably whereas ‘we’/‘us’ has been stable. Usage of words such as ‘solidarity’, ‘common/communal/shared’, ‘welfare society’, ‘duty/obligation’ and ‘equality’ has decreased, whereas ‘right/entitlement’, ‘optional’ and ‘freedom to choose’ has increased. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Youth, community belonging, planning and power
Authors: Arcidiacono Caterina , Procentese Fortuna , Di Napoli Immacolata 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn order to explain people's action in the community to which they feel they belong (Arcidiacono,2006; Brodsky,2006; De Piccoli & Tartaglia,2006), this study investigates the power perception in relation to the local community, based on two studies of Neapolitan youths. Both research projects, one with 101 participants and the other with 600 participants, looked at youth community belonging, respectively focusing on problems connected to youth unemployment, on related resources (Arcidiacono, Sommantico, & Procentese,2001), and finally on youth planning of future actions in the community (Arcidiacono, Di Napoli, & Sarnacchiaro, submitted). A reinterpretation of the categories emerging from these studies was carried out, by first adopting the grounded theory methodology and subsequently the Prilleltensky (in press) approach of a greater conceptualization within the power frame. The classification undertaken suggests that the perception of a lack of youth power is closely linked to their expectations for the local community. A lack of individual and social power, rage and hopelessness is the core evidence among our interviewees. Powerlessness firstly denies empowerment, thus it is as if young people distance themselves from the context. The assumption of this perspective opens new paths through which promoting empowerment processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A randomised controlled study comparing conventional and magnetic guidewires in a two‐dimensional branching tortuous phantom simulating angulated coronary vessels
Authors: Ramcharitar Steve , Patterson Mark S. , van Geuns Robert J. , van der Ent Martin , Sianos Georgios , Welten Gijs M.J.M. , van Domburg Ron T. , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives:To directly compare the magnetic navigation system (MNS) guidewires with conventional guidewires in branching tortuous phantoms with operators of varying MNS and percutaneous coronary intervention experience.Background:Vessel tortuosity, angulation, and side branches remain limiting factors in coronary interventions. The MNS addresses these limitations by precisely directing the tip of a magnetised guidewire in vivo aided by two permanent adjustable external magnets.Methods:Crossing and fluoroscopy times of six operators were evaluated in five tortuous Perspex® phantom vessels in three consecutive attempts. Standard guidewire (SG) usage was unrestricted. Two 2nd generation magnetic guidewires (MG) were used. Failure was noted if the cross was unsuccessful within 5 min.Results:The magnetic navigation was vastly superior to SG techniques with increasingly tortuous phantoms. It dramatically decreased both the crossing and fluoroscopy times with maximal reduction from 201.7 ± 111 to 36.4 ± 13 sec, P < 0.001 and 204.7 ± 24 to 47.2 ± 19 sec, P < 0.001, respectively. The MNS had a 98.8% procedural success rate compared to 68% with SG techniques. Moreover it considerably limited the amount of wire usage from 5.5 to 1.3. Operators with prior MG experience performed significantly better than those without, except in the simplest phantom where the difference was nonsignificant (33.8 ± 13 sec vs. 41.7 ± 17 sec, P = 0.2).Conclusion:MNS significantly reduces both the crossing and fluoroscopy times in tortuous coronary phantom models achieving excellent success rates with dramatic reductions in guidewire usage. Operators with prior MNS experience had an advantage over the inexperienced. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of myocardial perfusion by distal protection before and after primary stenting for acute myocardial infarction: Angiographic and clinical results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Muramatsu Toshiya , Kozuma Ken , Tsukahara Reiko , Ito Yoshiaki , Fujita Naoya , Suwa Satoru , Koyama Shiho , Saitoh Masahiko , Kamiya Haruo , Nakamura Masato 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives:To assess the myocardium‐reperfusing effect of a distal protection device, GuardWire Plus™ (GuardWire Plus), in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Background:Distal embolization may result in reduced myocardial perfusion, increasing the risk of non‐Q‐wave myocardial infarction and death. Distal protection devices may protect the microcirculation from embolic debris, improving short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes.Methods:From February 2002 to July 2003, a total of 341 AMI patients at 22 institutions in Japan were enrolled in the present, multicenter, prospective, randomized trial. Patients experiencing AMI within 12 hr of symptom onset, who were considered treatable by stenting and who met the inclusion criteria, were eligible for randomization. Stenting with and without GuardWire Plus was conducted to examine whether the device provides faster and more complete ST‐segment resolution, smaller infarct size, and improved myocardial blush score.Results:The rates of slow flow and no‐reflow immediately after PCI were 5.3 and 11.4% in the GuardWire Plus and control groups, respectively (P = 0.05). Blush score 3 acquisition rates immediately after PCI were 25.2 and 20.3% in the GuardWire Plus and control groups, respectively (P = 0.26), and the rates at 30 days after PCI were 42.9 and 30.4%, respectively (P = 0.035).Conclusions:A significant difference was found between the GuardWire Plus and control groups with respect to the total incidence of distal embolization, indicating that GuardWire Plus angiographically improved myocardial perfusion without demonstrating the preventive effect of myocardial damage. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Traumatic aortic dissection and coronary fistula treated with transcatheter management
Authors: Williams Paul D. , Mahadevan Vaikom S. , Clarke Bernard 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn adolescent male presented with a dissection of the thoracic aorta and a left anterior descending coronary artery to right ventricular fistula following a road traffic accident. Authors report the management of this patient using a transcatheter approach for both these arterial issues, with stenting to the thoracic aorta and coil embolization of the coronary artery to right ventricular fistula as a staged procedure, along with a brief review of the literature on traumatic arterial injuries. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Results of percutaneous coronary interventions in patients ≥90 years of age
Authors: Teplitsky Igal , Assali Abid , Lev Eli , Brosh David , Vaknin‐Assa Hana , Kornowski Ran 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground:There are few data about percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in nonagenarians (patients aged ≥90 years). This study aimed to assess acute and intermediate term clinical outcomes among nonagenarian patients undergoing PCI.Methods:The study included 65 consecutive patients, age ≥90 years undergoing PCI between January 2001 and August 2006. Fourteen patients were admitted with acute ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI), one had cardiogenic shock, 39 patients sustained non‐STEAMI, and 12 patients were with severe stable angina pectoris. Procedural data, in‐hospital, and six‐month clinical outcomes were obtained and adjudicated for all patients.Results:Coronary angiography documented multivessel disease in 86% of patients with relatively complex lesions (type B or C) in 94% treated using stent deployment in 92% of patients. In 7% of cases IABP was needed. Immediate procedural success was achieved in 92% patients. Cumulative mortality at hospital discharge and by 30‐days was14% and increased to 18% at 6‐months follow‐up. Total major adverse cardiac events (MACE: death, AMI, TVR, stroke) was 17% at hospital discharge and increased to 21% by 6‐months. Stroke was documented in one patient (1.5%) at hospital discharge. Cumulative mortality at 6 month was 0% in patients with stable angina and 23% in emergent PCI scenario (AMI or NSTEAMI or ACS). Univariate analysis revealed that emergent PCI, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, TIMI flow at baseline, and procedural success, are all correlative with 6‐months mortality.Conclusion:We conclude that clinically stable nonagenarian patients with coronary artery disease undergoing PCI have excellent PCI related prognosis while clinically unstable patients have a worse outcome. Thus, careful attention to background medical history and clinical presentation should dictate the prognosis and/or management among nonagenarian patients. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficacy of reduced‐dose sirolimus‐eluting stents in the human coronary artery: Serial IVUS analysis of neointimal hyperplasia and luminal dimension
Authors: Nakamura Mamoo , Abizaid Alexandre , Hirohata Atsushi , Honda Yasuhiro , Sousa J. Edward , Fitzgerald Peter J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractStudy Objective:Using serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), the efficacy of reduced‐dose sirolimus‐eluting stents (SESs) in the prevention of neointimal hyperplasia (NH) and maintenance of luminal patency in human coronary arteries was evaluated.Background:In the animal model, a broad therapeutic window regarding sirolimus doses in suppressing NH has been reported.Methods:Serial cross‐sectional and volumetric IVUS analyses were performed in 44 patients treated with SES that contained lower sirolimus doses (either 45% or 70%) than standard SES. For cross‐sectional analysis, minimum lumen area (MLA) was measured. Percent (%) NH volumetric obstruction was calculated as 100 × NH volume/stent volume.Results:IVUS measurements were similar between the two drug‐dose groups. At 12 months follow‐up, only one case developed late incomplete stent apposition. Between 4 and 12 months, a slight increase of in‐stent % area loss and % NH obstruction was noted (3.5% ± 10.4% to 6.7% ± 10.7% and 1.9% ± 5.0% to 4.4% ± 8.0%, respectively). The majority of studied cases, however, sustained less than a 10% volumetric (93% of studied cases) and area loss (75% of studied cases) in the stented segment up to 12 months. At 12 months, % area loss within the stented segments and 5‐mm reference segments were comparable (7.0% ± 19.6% versus 6.7% ± 10.7%).Conclusions:Although slight increases of NH were noted, SESs, delivering two reduced drug doses, appeared to be effective for maintaining luminal patency during 12 months follow‐up. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NMR quantum toys
Authors: Lee Jae‐Seung , Khitrin Anatoly K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractClusters of dipolar‐coupled nuclear spins are excellent model systems for implementing various quantum experiments. The presented examples demonstrate recent techniques of coherent control for spin systems, as well as quantum dynamic schemes, like amplified quantum detection and measurement, state purification, adiabatic transfer of coherences, or projective measurement with NMR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 30A: 194–217, 2007.
Magnetostatic simulation for accurate design of low field MRI phased‐array coils
Authors: Giovannetti Giulio , Viti Vittorio , Positano Vincenzo , Santarelli Maria Filomena , Landini Luigi , Benassi Antonio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRadiofrequency receiver phased‐array coils in magnetic resonance imaging systems are used to pick up the signals emitted by the nuclei with high signal‐to‐noise ratio and a large region of sensitivity. The quality of obtained images strongly depends upon the correct choice of the coils geometry and typology. In this work, we propose a fast coil simulation method, which permits to design phased‐array coils with great accuracy. The developed algorithm exploits magnetostatic analysis to obtain accurate calculation of the mutual inductances between the array coils and the magnetic field pattern. Using the simulator, we designed a novel phased‐array coil composed of a couple of rectangular butterfly elements. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 31B: 140–146, 2007