bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue Methoden für Nachweise zur Tragfähigkeit und zum Biegedrillknicken von Kranbahnträgern
Authors: Kindmann Rolf , Kraus Matthias , Seeßelberg Christoph , Tworek Jaroslaw 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKranbahnträger werden planmäßig durch zweiachsige Biegung und Torsion beansprucht. Aufgrund der Biegemomente My und des außermittigen Lastangriffs der vertikalen Einzellasten sind sie stabilitätsgefährdet, sodass Biegedrillknicken maßgebenden Einfluss auf die Tragfähigkeit hat. Da die Angaben in DIN EN 1993‐6 zur Durchführung der Tragfähigkeitsnachweise sehr knapp gehalten sind, bestehen bei vielen Anwendern Unklarheiten, wie Biegedrillknicknachweise sachgerecht und mit geringem Aufwand geführt werden können. Im Folgenden wird geklärt, welche Nachweisverfahren für Kranbahnträger geeignet und zweckmäßig sind. Darüber hinaus werden neue bzw. modifizierte Methoden vorgestellt, die spezifisch auf Tragfähigkeitsnachweise für Kranbahnträger zugeschnitten sind, und es wird gezeigt, dass bei baupraktischen Anwendungsfällen häufig nicht die Tragfähigkeitsnachweise für die Dimensionierung maßgebend sind, sondern andere Kriterien, wie z. B. Verformungsbeschränkungen.
Flat slab‐edge column connections subjected to outward and inward eccentricity: Numerical modeling and comparison with codes
Authors: Sanabria Díaz Rafael , de Albuquerque Nívea G. B. , de Almeida Luiz Carlos , Trautwein Leandro Mouta , Sales de Melo Guilherme 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) flat slabs supported on edge columns and the influence of eccentricity direction on their punching shear strength. For this purpose, code provisions were compared based on the ultimate capacities of experimental tests reported in the literature. The comparison included the approaches provided by the current Eurocode 2, fib Model Code 2010 and the final draft of the second generation of Eurocode 2 (FprEC2). Then, a numerical investigation was conducted in which full‐scale slabs tested by Albuquerque et al. (2016) were simulated. Numerical analyses were carried out in the software Diana using a total strain‐based crack model to simulate the concrete nonlinear behavior. The input parameters for the simulations were obtained through a stochastic calibration approach to account for uncertainties related to the concrete properties. A reasonable agreement was found between the calibrated numerical models and the experimental results regarding load‐deflection curves and crack patterns. Furthermore, important differences were identified in the failure mode of edge column‐slab connections subjected to inward and outward eccentricities. Finally, additional simulations were carried out to obtain a full shear‐moment interaction diagram and investigate the shear distribution at the control perimeters around the column. The proposed method in FprEC2 exhibited a good estimation with a relatively low scatter of the punching resistance of flat slab‐edge column connections analyzed in this work.
Exploring the impact of an intervention on pre‐service science teachers' attitudes and beliefs about gender and sexual diversity‐inclusive science teaching
Authors: Wright Gary William , Delgado Cesar , Mendoza K. Rende 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExploring how science teacher education programs can prepare science teachers to support gender and sexually diverse students remains an important area for research. A 5‐week intervention was designed for pre‐service science teachers' (PSSTs), addressing gender and sexual diversity (GSD). The effects of the intervention on PSSTs' attitudes and beliefs about GSD‐inclusive science teaching (GSDST) were explored using a multiple case study research design. In addition, the design elements of the intervention that were perceived as most significant were identified. Our results showed that the PSSTs were mostly supportive of measures indicative of GSDST prior to the intervention, and there was an overall trend in favor of GSDST with small effect sizes after the intervention, which did not reach statistical significance. Using thematic analysis, three themes were identified to characterize how their attitudes and beliefs changed throughout the intervention: GSDST is perceived as important for student safety; an “add LGBT and stir” approach to GSDST; and uncertainty of GSD language. Five design features of the intervention that were perceived as most impactful were group dialog; coherence to Ambitious Science Teaching; GSD terminology; knowledge of intersex, hormones, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer scientists; and relevant case studies. The findings contribute to understanding how science teacher education programs can impact PSSTs' attitudes, beliefs, and intended enactment of GSDST consistent, with recent calls for GSD equity in science education.
Awareness and cognitive rehabilitation in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Salmon Eric , Lekeu Françoise , Quittre Anne , Godichard Vinciane , Olivier Catherine , Wojtasik Vinciane , Bastin Christine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAwareness influences the evolution of neurodegenerative dementias. We gathered participants’ and caregivers assessments of dependence in daily activities and we studied how each score would be related to next year participant autonomy, independently of other explicative variables.METHODWe retrospectively analyzed data from mildly demented participants with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 186) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD, n = 29) and their relatives. A research tool was used to assess participant dependence in 98 daily activities and associated caregiver burden. A discrepancy score between the patient's and relative's judgment was calculated to evaluate awareness of dependence in activities at baseline. This dependence scores, as well as sex, age, education, and 1 year difference in Mini‐Mental State Examination were taken as possible explicative variables for dependence in activities adapted by therapists during a 1‐year cognitive rehabilitation program.RESULTSPatients with FTD showed less awareness for daily dependence (discrepancy 20.9% vs. 11.8% in AD). Both groups benefited from cognitive rehabilitation (25% decrease in dependence) and subjective burden of relatives was decreased in both groups. In the AD group, there was a significant positive relationship between both caregiver (P < 0.001) and participant's (P < 0.02) evaluation of dependence in daily activities at inclusion and dependence of participants in adapted activities after 1 year.DISCUSSIONAwareness of impairment in daily activities is a clinical symptom that is more important at inclusion in FTD than in AD. However, in participants with AD who, as a group, significantly benefit from a cognitive rehabilitation program, not only caregiver's but also participant's assessment of dependence at baseline is correlated to subsequent, next year greater dependence in daily activities adapted by the therapists. Although discrepant, both caregiver and participant evaluations appear to be important variables to understand the evolution and the benefit of care in participants at early stages of dementia.
Religion and authoritarianism in the Maldives: Is another authoritarian reversal in the Maldives imminent?
Authors: Bhim Mosmi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Maldives commenced its transition to democracy after its first multiparty elections in 2008. This was challenging due to the Maldives being a Muslim nation, its authoritarian legacy of monarchical rule before independence, and by dictatorship after independence. This article analyzes the postindependence rule periods of Ibrahim Nasir and Maumoom Abdul Gayoom, which were akin to one‐man dictatorships. The third autocratic president postindependence, Abdulla Yameen, was an electoral authoritarian as he implemented authoritarian measures in a multi‐party context. I assess if religion provided political legitimacy to these authoritarian leaders or if religion was exploited by leaders to gain political support and civic spaces. Theories of authoritarianism, religious populism, electoral authoritarianism, as well as concepts of the ulema‐state alliance and the rentier state are utilized. In addition to their authoritarian legacy, democratic presidents like Mohamed Nasheed and Mohamed Solih had grappled with politicians' manipulation of religion through political Islam, Islamic nationalism, and fundamentalism to derail democracy by equating it to Westernization. These events resonate with Samuel Huntington's description of the conflict between the West and Islam as a clash of civilizations. Crimes against liberal thinkers by Islamic extremists are an added challenge. There is a real danger of another authoritarian reversal in the Maldives.
Thermodynamics of the Einstein-Maxwell system
Authors: Miyashita Shoichiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
At first glance, thermodynamic properties of gravity with asymptotically AdS conditions and those with box boundary conditions, where the spatial section of the boundary is a sphere of finite radius, appear similar. Both exhibit a similar phase structure and Hawking-Page phase transition. However, when we introduce a U(1) gauge field to the system, discrepancies in thermodynamic properties between the two cases has been reported in [7] (JHEP 11 (2016) 041). In this paper, by accepting the assumption that all Euclidean saddles contribute to the partition function, I found that these discrepancies are resolved due to the contribution from the “bag of gold (BG),” which is the class of Euclidean geometries whose area of bolt is bigger than that of the boundary. As a result, the Hawking-Page phase structure is restored, with the unexpected properties that the upper bound of thermodynamic entropy is always larger than the boundary area divided by 4G when the chemical potential is non-zero, and that such high entropy states are realized at sufficiently high temperature.
Zukunft durch Beteiligung – landwirtschaftliche Tierhaltung im Dialog
Authors: von Meyer-Höfer Marie , von Gall Philipp , Bardusch Bea , Faletar Ivica , Mergenthaler Marcus , Luy Jörg , Christoph-Schulz Inken 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag stellt die Zukunftswerkstatt Landwirtschaftliche Tierhaltung vor, die im Rahmen von SocialLab II innovative Methoden zur Beteiligung von Interessengruppen an der politischen Transformation der Tierhaltung entwickelt und zur Anwendung bringt. Die Zukunftswerkstatt untersucht, welche Entwicklungen für die landwirtschaftliche Nutztierhaltung aus Sicht der Interessengruppen erstrebenswert sind. Es werden die Interessen des Tier-, Umwelt- und Klimaschutzes ebenso berücksichtigt wie ökonomische und praktische Anforderungen der Unternehmen. Die Herausforderung bei Dialogen im Bereich der Tierhaltung ist die schiere Anzahl unterschiedlicher Ansprüche gesellschaftlicher Gruppen an die Transformation. Zum einen melden immer mehr Interessengruppen, wie z.B. beim Klimaschutz, neue Ansprüche an. Zum anderen diversifizieren sich vormals homogene Interessengruppen, wie die aus der Landwirtschaft und aus dem Tierschutz, immer weiter hinsichtlich der Ziele, Strategien und Wertvorstellungen. Tiere werden zunehmend als von der Politik betroffene Gruppe mit eigenen Ansprüchen anerkannt, wobei ihre politische Vertretung noch kaum geregelt ist. Die in diesem Beitrag präsentierten Ergebnisse umfassen die methodischen Merkmale der Zukunftswerkstatt landwirtschaftliche Tierhaltung, die identifizierten Zielbilder für die landwirtschaftliche Tierhaltung, effektive Ansätze des Stakeholder-Dialogs und Einsichten zu den Aspekten Wertschätzung und Kommunikation im Dialog unter Akteuren. Aus einer Vielzahl von Positionen und Eingaben wurden 3 zentrale Zukunftsbilder für die landwirtschaftliche Nutztierhaltung in Deutschland identifiziert: (i) höhere Standards, (ii) Systemwechsel und Reduktion und (iii) Alternativen zur Tierhaltung. Politikmaßnahmen sowie Dialogformate im Bereich der landwirtschaftlichen Nutztierhaltung sollten künftig offenlegen, wo sie sich in diesem Spektrum der Zielbilder verorten. Allianzen und Kompromisse zwischen den Zukunftsbildern sind in unterschiedlichen Kombinationen möglich. Besonders dringlich erscheint die Einigung über rechtliche Mindestanforderungen im Tierschutz, da diese den Ausgangspunkt der Debatte bilden. Dialogformate sollten künftig stärker offenlegen, auf welchen Beitrag zur Debatte sie fokussieren, wobei drei Funktionsbereiche von Dialogformaten unterschieden werden können.
Markov and Division Inequalities on Algebraic Sets
Authors: Bialas-Ciez Leokadia , Calvi Jean-Paul , Kowalska Agnieszka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA compact set $$E\subset \mathbb {C}^N$$

E
⊂

C

N

satisfies the Markov inequality if the supremum norm on E of the gradient of a polynomial p can be estimated from above by the norm of p multiplied by a constant polynomially depending on the degree of p. This inequality is strictly related to the Bernstein approximation theorem, Schur-type estimates and the extension property of smooth functions. Additionally, the Markov inequality can be applied to the construction of polynomial grids (norming sets or admissible meshes) useful in numerical analysis. We expect such an inequality with similar consequences not only on polynomially determining compacts but also on some nowhere dense sets. The primary goal of the paper is to extend the above definition of Markov inequality to the case of compact subsets of algebraic varieties in $$\mathbb {C}^N$$

C

N

. Moreover, we characterize compact sets satisfying such a Markov inequality on algebraic hypersurfaces as well as on certain varieties defined by several algebraic equations. We also prove a division inequality (a Schur-type inequality) on these sets. This opens up the possibility of establishing polynomial grids on algebraic sets. We also provide examples that complete and ilustrate the results.
Frankfurt concept of early inpatient rehabilitation after cochlear implant treatment
Authors: Bruschke Stefanie , Zeh Roland , Baumann Uwe , Helbig Silke , Stöver Timo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) clinical practice guideline on cochlear implant (CI) treatment, which was updated in 2020, defined the entire process of CI care for the first time. In the present study, the feasibility and results of very early rehabilitation were examined.

Materials and methods
The intervention group (IG) comprised 54 patients in whom rehabilitation was initiated within 14 (maximally 28) days after implantation. Patients with a significantly longer waiting time were included in the control group (CG, n = 21). In addition to the start and duration of rehabilitation, the speech intelligibility achieved with CI was recorded at different timepoints within a 12-month period. In addition, questionnaires were used to assess the effort of fitting the CI processor and the patients’ satisfaction with the outcome as well as the timing of the start of rehabilitation.

Results
Median waiting time between implantation and start of rehabilitation was 14 days in the IG and 106 days in the CG; 92.6% of IG patients were able to start rehabilitation within 14 days. The effect of rehabilitation in the IG was 35 and in the CG 25 percentage points (Freiburg monosyllabic test). After 6 and 12 months of CI use, both groups showed comparable results in the test condition in quiet (IG/CG 6 months: 70%/70%; 12 months: 70%/60%, Freiburg monosyllabic test) and in noise (IG/CG 6 months: −1.1 dB SNR/–0.85 dB SNR; 12 months: −0.65 dB SNR/+0.3 dB SNR, Oldenburg sentence test). Hearing quality assessment scores collected by SSQ (Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale) questionnaire showed better scores in the IG at 6 months, which converged to CG scores at 12 months. The IG was significantly more satisfied with the timing of the start of rehab than the CG. All other data obtained from questionnaires showed no differences between the two groups.

Conclusion
A very early start of inpatient rehabilitation after cochlear implantation was successfully implemented. The rehabilitation was completed within 7 weeks of CI surgery. Comparison of speech recognition test results before and after rehabilitation showed a significant improvement. A clear rehabilitation effect can therefore be demonstrated. Inclusion of CI rehabilitation in the German catalog of follow-up treatments is thus scientifically justified and therefore strongly recommended.
Dynamic mechanical properties of selective laser-melted AlSi10Mg lattice structures: experimental and numerical analysis with emphasis on Johnson-Cook model parameters
Authors: Caliskan Mustafa , Hafizoglu Hakan , Babacan Nazim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdditively manufactured lattice structures are extensively utilized because of their unique characteristics, including lightweight design, high energy absorption capabilities, and exceptional specific strength. This study focuses on accurately simulating the dynamic mechanical behavior of AlSi10Mg lattice structures produced using selective laser melting (SLM). A series of experimental studies has been conducted to establish the parameters of the J–C hardening and damage model for additively manufactured AlSi10Mg alloys. The lattice structures, featuring face-centered cubic (FCC) and diamond topologies with a 25% designed relative density, underwent scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for geometrical precision assessment. Dynamic compressive behavior was investigated via split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) tests. Numerical simulations in Ls-Dyna, utilizing the identified J–C parameters, were employed to replicate SHPB tests. Findings indicate that the specific strength and the specific energy absorption values of FCC lattice samples have higher than those of diamond samples at strain rates of 750 and 1100 s−1. While the overall strains and deformation modes were well predicted by numerical analyzes, a deeper insight into local stress concentrations under dynamic loads was achieved. Consequently, the obtained J–C model parameters offer valuable insight into characterizing the dynamic behavior of AlSi10Mg lattice structures produced by SLM.
Home screening of taste and oral trigeminal function: a feasibility study
Authors: Green Tomer , Mastinu Mariano , Wolf Anne , Oleszkiewicz Anna , Aronis Anna , Hummel Thomas , Pepino M. Yanina , Niv Masha Y. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
gustatory ability is a marker of health not routinely tested in the medical practice. The current study wants to assess whether taste strips can be useful to monitor taste function from home.

Methods
we performed simple sensory tests in lab setting vs. unassisted testing at home, and compared the results with self-reports ability to taste and smell. Using paper strips impregnated with sweet, bitter, salty, or sour tastants, and with two trigeminal stimuli (capsaicin, tannins) in high and low concentrations, we assessed gustatory and trigeminal function in 74 participants (47 women) in the lab, where paper strips were administered by an experimenter, and in 77 participants (59 women) at home, where they self-administered the test.

Results
we found that high (but not low) concentration taste strips are correctly identified by vast majority of participants. On average, taste identification, intensity and pleasantness scores did not differ for the 8 taste strips, while identification of capsaicin was significantly better in the lab. Taste identification scores correlated with intensity ratings in both settings (r = 0.56, in the lab, r = 0.48, at home, p < 0.005). Self-rated taste ability correlated with self-rated smell ability (r = 0.68, and r = 0.39, p ≤ 0.005), but not with scores in the strips test.

Conclusion
home testing with impregnated taste strips is feasible, and can be used for telemedical purposes.
Enhancement of skin rejuvenation and hair growth through novel near-infrared light emitting diode (nNIR) lighting: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Choi Keonwoo , Kim Hongbin , Nam Sun-young , Heo Chan Yeong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to explore the impact of a novel near-infrared LED (nNIR) with an extended spectrum on skin enhancement and hair growth. Various LED sources, including White and nNIRs, were compared across multiple parameters: cytotoxicity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction, skin thickness, collagen synthesis, collagenase expression, and hair follicle growth. Experiments were conducted on human skin cells and animal models. Cytotoxicity, ATP synthesis, and ROS reduction were evaluated in human skin cells exposed to nNIRs and Whites. LED irradiation effects were also studied on a UV-induced photoaging mouse model, analyzing skin thickness, collagen synthesis, and collagenase expression. Hair growth promotion was examined as well. Results revealed both White and nNIR were non-cytotoxic to human skin cells. nNIR enhanced ATP and collagen synthesis while reducing ROS levels, outperforming the commonly used 2chip LEDs. In the UV-induced photoaging mouse model, nNIR irradiation led to reduced skin thickness, increased collagen synthesis, and lowered collagenase expression. Additionally, nNIR irradiation stimulated hair growth, augmented skin thickness, and increased hair follicle count. In conclusion, the study highlighted positive effects of White and nNIR irradiation on skin and hair growth. However, nNIR exhibited superior outcomes compared to White. Its advancements in ATP content, collagen synthesis, collagenase inhibition, and hair growth promotion imply increased ATP synthesis activity. These findings underscore nNIR therapy’s potential as an innovative and effective approach for enhancing skin and promoting hair growth.
Utility of the LACE index to assess risk of mortality and readmission in patients with spinal infections
Authors: Schär Ralph T. , Branca Mattia , Raabe Andreas , Jesse C. Marvin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRetrospective cohort study. To assess the utility of the LACE index for predicting death and readmission in patients with spinal infections (SI). SIs are severe conditions, and their incidence has increased in recent years. The LACE (Length of stay, Acuity of admission, Comorbidities, Emergency department visits) index quantifies the risk of mortality or unplanned readmission. It has not yet been validated for SIs. LACE indices were calculated for all adult patients who underwent surgery for spinal infection between 2012 and 2021. Data were collected from a single academic teaching hospital. Outcome measures included the LACE index, mortality, and readmission rate within 30 and 90 days. In total, 164 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 64.6 (± 15.1) years, 73 (45%) were female. Ten (6.1%) patients died within 30 days and 16 (9.8%) died within 90 days after discharge. Mean LACE indices were 13.4 (± 3.6) and 13.8 (± 3.0) for the deceased patients, compared to 11.0 (± 2.8) and 10.8 (± 2.8) for surviving patients (p = 0.01, p < 0.001), respectively. Thirty-seven (22.6%) patients were readmitted ≤ 30 days and 48 (29.3%) were readmitted ≤ 90 days. Readmitted patients had a significantly higher mean LACE index compared to non-readmitted patients (12.9 ± 2.1 vs. 10.6 ± 2.9, < 0.001 and 12.8 ± 2.3 vs. 10.4 ± 2.8, p < 0.001, respectively). ROC analysis for either death or readmission within 30 days estimated a cut-off LACE index of 12.0 points (area under the curve [AUC] 95% CI, 0.757 [0.681–0.833]) with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 69%. Patients with SI had high LACE indices that were associated with high mortality and readmission rates. The LACE index can be applied to this patient population to predict the risk of early death or unplanned readmission.