bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Hyperuricemia: A
Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Zhaoxiang , Wu Menghuan , Yan Han , Zhong Shao , Xu Ruijun , Zhao Zhiyong , Yang Qichao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRemnant cholesterol (RC) is closely related to metabolic diseases. Our study aims
to explore the relationship between RC and hyperuricemia. This cross-sectional
study included 14 568 adults aged 20 years or older from the National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2018 in the
United States. RC is calculated by subtracting high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) from total
cholesterol (TC). Hyperuricemia is defined by serum uric acid (SUA)
levels≥7 mg/dl in men and≥6 mg/dl in women. The independent association between
RC and hyperuricemia was evaluated. As the quartile range of RC levels
increases, the prevalence of hyperuricemia also rises (7.84% vs. 13.71% vs.
18.61% vs. 26.24%, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, the
fourth quartile of RC was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia
compared with the first quartile (OR=2.942, 95% CI 2.473–3.502, p<0.001).
Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis shows that RC outperforms other
single lipid indices in hyperuricemia. Further Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS)
analysis suggests a nonlinear relationship between RC levels and hyperuricemia.
Elevated RC levels were found to be linked to hyperuricemia. Further studies on
RC hold promise for both preventing and addressing hyperuricemia.
The social and economic dimensions of one of the world’s longest-operating shark fisheries
Authors: Braccini Matias , Watt Maddison , Syers Clinton , Blay Nick , Navarro Matthew , Burton Michael 
Published: April 2024

Context Social and economic information is limited for coastal commercial and recreational fisheries, particularly shark fisheries, which are perceived as unsustainable and as targeting sharks for fins. Aims To characterise the social and economic dimensions of one of the world’s few long-standing sustainable shark fisheries. Methods We reviewed historic data and surveyed stakeholders to understand the economic and social dimensions of the shark fishery currently operating in Western Australia. Key results Since the fishery’s historic peak, there has been a substantial reduction in the number of operating vessels and ports due to management intervention. For the vessels that have remained, catches and catch rates increased through time. Fishers sold only flesh and fins, whereas processors also sold cartilage. Revenue mostly originates from the domestic sale of flesh, not fins. This fishery provides additional social and economic returns through the employment of an average of 102 people per annum, the supply of local fresh seafood to communities and the expenditure of most of operational costs in local government areas. In addition, the average annual market value through the supply chain was A$32.6 × 106 (US$20.9 × 106). Conclusions Our study is the first step towards a more comprehensive valuation of the societal contribution of sustainable shark fisheries. Implications This novel information has a range of applications, from developing social and economic objectives in fisheries harvest strategies to empowering government agencies when making decisions on natural resource management.
Radiation protection in a cohort of healthcare workers: knowledge, attitude, practices, feelings and IR-exposure in French hospitals
Authors: Baudin Clémence , Vacquier Blandine , Thin Guillemette , Chenene Lamine , Guersen Joël , Partarrieu Isabelle , Louet Martine , Ducou le Pointe Hubert , Mora Stéphanie , Verdun-Esquer Catherine , Lestavel Philippe , Rousseau Frédéric , Roy Hervé , Bensefa-Colas Lynda , Boyer Louis , Bernier Marie-Odile 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The number of healthcare workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) is increasing every year. As health effects from exposure to low doses IR have been reported, radiation protection (RP) in the context of occupational activities is a major concern. This study aims to assess the compliance of healthcare workers with RP policies, according to their registered cumulative dose, profession, and perception of radiation self-exposure and associated risk. Every healthcare worker from one of the participating hospitals in France with at least one dosimetric record for each year 2009, 2014, and 2019 in the SISERI registry was included and invited to complete an online questionnaire including information on the worker’s occupational exposure, perception of IR-exposure risk and RP general knowledge. Hp(10) doses were provided by the SISERI system. Multivariate logistic regressions were used. Dosimeter wearing and RP practices compliance were strongly associated with ‘feeling of being IR-exposed’ (OR = 3.69, CI95% 2.04–6.66; OR = 4.60, CI95% 2.28–9.30, respectively). However, none of these factors was associated with RP training courses attendance. The main reason given for non-compliance is unsuitability or insufficient numbers of RP devices. This study provided useful information for RP policies. Making exposed workers aware of their own IR-exposure seems to be a key element to address in RP training courses. This type of questionnaire should be introduced into larger epidemiological studies. Dosimeter wearing and RP practices compliance are associated to feeling being IR-exposed. RP training courses should reinforce workers’ awareness of their exposure to IR.
Calibration and pose measurement of a combined vision sensor system for industrial robot grasping of brackets
Authors: Jiang Tao , Deng Wenjun , Yin Le , Yang Kaicheng , Wang Yanfen , Zhou Hongwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recently, visual sensing measurement and its application in industrial robot operations have been widely researched, promoting the development of instrumentation and automation. This study proposes a combined vision sensor system for robot grasping, focusing on combined sensor system calibration and bracket pose measurements. The system configuration and working strategy of the combined vision system are introduced. Thereafter, the calibration of the combined vision coordinate systems is presented, wherein a global vision system acts as the external measuring equipment for accurately calibrating the local vision. Furthermore, a pose estimation method using a local vision system (LVS) is proposed, including morphology-based image enhancement and principal component analysis based corner recognition methods. Verification experiments, including combined calibration and bracket pose measurements, were performed to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed combined vision measurement strategy. The results demonstrated that the proposed system applies to industrial robot grasping of brackets. In addition, the proposed robot-sensor calibration method improves calibration accuracy. Finally, the proposed corner detection method is effective and accurate for different bracket detection applications. This study provides a system that improves robot grasping results by considering key factors, such as vision measurement accuracy, and calibration methods.
Deep learning-assisted dual-modal tomography for phase flow rate estimation in two-phase oil-water flow systems
Authors: Ziaul Arif M , Lähivaara Timo , Vauhkonen Marko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Accurately estimating phase flow rates in multiphase systems is crucial for many industries, where precise measurements are essential for operational efficiency and safety. Addressing this issue, this paper introduces an approach that employs deep learning-assisted dual-modal electromagnetic flow tomography (EMFT) and electrical tomography (ET) to predict both oil and water flow rates in two-phase oil-water flows. To facilitate the generation of the data, we first simulate diverse flow conditions using COMSOL Multiphysics software and the convection–diffusion equation, aiming to create a realistic representation of two-phase oil-water flows. The dual-modal system measurement data, generated from these simulations and simulated by using a dense finite element mesh, provide reliable inputs for the deep learning model. Moreover, this study also integrates experimental data into both the training and testing phases, improving the ability of the proposed approach to estimate flow rates accurately in practical investigations. The results from laboratory experiments demonstrate the potential of the deep learning-assisted dual-modal ET and EMFT approach in effectively resolving the challenges of estimating flow rates in two-phase oil-water flow systems. By combining the deep learning capabilities with dual-modal tomography, this study offers valuable insights for future applications and represents a significant step forward in the field of multiphase flow rate estimation.
Indentation-induced plastic behavior of nanotwinned CuNi alloy: an atomic simulation
Authors: Zhang Can , Shi Mingxing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study uses molecular dynamics simulations to explore the mechanical properties of a nano-twinned copper–nickel alloy during indentation. We investigate the impact of twin boundary (TB) angles and spacing on the alloy’s behavior. The plastic deformation process is primarily driven by dislocation generations, slips, and TB interactions, directly affecting the alloy’s hardness. Significant findings include: (1) hardness initially decreases, then increases with increasing TB angle θ, and for TB spacing d greater than 1.25 nm, hardness can be predicted using a simple proposed model; (2) dislocation density ρ experiences significant variations, leveling off at an indentation depth around 1.0 nm; (3) when TB spacing d exceeds 1.25 nm, plastic deformation is dominated by dislocation nucleation, slips, and boundary interactions, while smaller spacings lead to TB migration and the presence of independent dislocation loops, giving rise to force fluctuations along indentation.
SnO2 QDs sensitized ZnFe2O4 spheres with enhanced acetone sensing performance
Authors: Yuan Qiming , Li Weichao , Xia Zhangcheng , Hu Jingjie , He Lifang , Jin Ling , Zhang Liqiang , Chu Xiangfeng , Zhang Kui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Herein, SnO2 QDs (<10 nm) with small size instead of conventional nanoparticles was employed to modify ZnFe2O4 to synthesize porous and heterogeneous SnO2/ZnFe2O4 (ZFSQ) composites for gas sensing. By an immersion process combined with calcination treatment, the resultant porous ZFSQ composites with different contents of SnO2 QDs were obtained, and their sensing properties were investigated. Compared with bare ZnFe2O4 and SnO2 QDs, porous ZFSQ composites based-sensors showed much improved sensor response to acetone. For contrast, the sensor performance of ZFSQ composites was also compared with that of ZnFe2O4 sphere modified by SnO2 nanoparticles with different size. The porous ZFSQ composite with 5 wt% SnO2 QDs (ZFSQ-5) showed a better acetone sensing response than that of other ZFSQ composites, and it exhibited a high response value of 110–100 ppm of acetone and a low detection limit of 0.3 ppm at 240 °C. In addition to the rich heterojunctions and porous structure, the size effect of SnO2 QDs was other indispensable reasons for the improved sensor performance. Finally, the ZFSQ-5 composite sensor was attempted to be applied for acetone sensing in exhaled breath, suggesting its great potential in monitoring acetone.
Spin coated ultrathin PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT film with high electronic conductivity
Authors: Zhong Yifan , Li Bin , Wang Yu , Fu Shaoge , Deng Jia , Li Guangming , Zhao Haili , Chen Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Conductive Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been extensively used as non-metallic electrodes. However, the relatively low electrical conductivity of pristine PEDOT:PSS film restricts its further application. Although doping high content conductive filler or increasing the film thickness are effective for enhancing the electrical property, the transparency is sacrificed, which limits the application of PEDOT:PSS films. In this study, preparing PEDOT:PSS composite film with highly conductive and transparent property was the primary purpose. To achieve this goal, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was chosen to composite with PEDOT:PSS. The spin-coated SWCNT/PEDOT:PSS composite film exhibited excellent electrical conductivity and transparency. The electrical conductivity of composite film with desired transmittance property (78%) reached the highest value (1060.96 S cm−1) at the SWCNTs content was 6 wt%. Under the modification process applied in this work, the non-conductive PSS was partially removed by incorporated DMSO and SWCNTs. Then, the molecular chains of PEDOT stretched and adsorbed onto the surface of SWCNTs, forming a highly efficient three-dimensional conductive structure, which contributed to the enhancement of electrical conductivity and transparency. Additionally, the spin-coating process allowed for the reduction of film thickness, ensuring better transparency. This research contributed to expanding the further applications of PEDOT:PSS films in high-performance transparent film electrodes.
Sign-changing bubble tower solutions for a Paneitz-type problem
Authors: Chen Wenjing , Huang Xiaomeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the following biharmonic problem

{

Δ
2

u
=

|

u

|

8

N
−
4

u

in

Ω∖

B

(

ξ
0

,
ε
)

―

,

u
=
Δ
u
=
0

on

∂

(
Ω∖

B

(

ξ
0

,
ε
)

―

)

,

where Ω is an open bounded domain in

R

N

,

N
⩾
5

, and

B
(

ξ
0

,
ε
)

is a ball centered at ξ
0 with radius ɛ, ɛ is a small positive parameter. We obtain the existence of solutions for problem (0.1), which is an arbitrary large number of sign-changing solutions whose profile is a superposition of bubbles with alternate sign which concentrate at the centre of the hole.
Ultrafast oscillation in a field emission-driven miniaturized gaseous diode
Authors: Chen Jiandong , Lin Chubin , Wang Huihui , Ang Lay Kee , Fu Yangyang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We report an ultrafast oscillation (up to

∼

10
4

GHz) in the early stage of field emission-driven microdischarges. Spatiotemporal behaviors of electron density, space charge density, and electric field, exhibiting high-frequency oscillations, are demonstrated based on first-principle particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations. Intermittent electron emission fluxes are identified from the electron phase space distributions whereas the ions are rather non-oscillatory in the transient timescale. The mechanisms of oscillation with growing amplitude are found to be related to the rapid modification of the field emission current affected by the space charge electric field, which is also accompanied by the fast response of the electron transport and ionization in a dynamic double-layer sheath. Further, a transport equation for emission current is solved to estimate the oscillation frequency, which agrees well with the simulation results. This study provides a more precise understanding of the formation of the field emission-driven microdischarge, which informs the design and optimization of miniaturized gaseous electronic devices.
A comprehensive review on potential of diffusion length enhancement to upraise perovskite solar cell performance
Authors: Bagade Sonal Santosh , Patel Piyush K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To achieve efficient solar cells, an in-depth review on significance of diffusion length enhancement is presented in this research work. We have focused on globally-adopted strategy of increasing diffusion length. The experimental pathways followed by various researchers to realize this strategy are deeply explored in this paper. The total of nine key-parameters that control and facilitate diffusion length enhancement are identified. Moreover, total of four parameters which are primarily influenced by diffusion length enhancement are listed. The underlying cause-&-effect mechanism pertaining to each parameter is discussed in-depth in this article. Furthermore, the comparison is performed between impact of electron and hole diffusion length enhancement on the device performance. The way to potentially implement this study for appropriate absorber layer selection is presented. Finally, a comparative study is performed on extent of influence of diffusion length enhancement technique to that of the band-offset optimization technique to achieve higher device performance. This rigorous analysis leads to discovery of the fact that diffusion length enhancement raises solar cell efficiency seven times as compared to that obtained by band offset optimization. Hence, significance of diffusion length enhancement for the pinnacle performance of solar cell is vividly revealed in this paper.
Improved performance of inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells with WO3/C60 UTL bilayer as an ETL structure: a computational study
Authors: Mohandes Aminreza , Moradi Mahmood 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
CsPbI3, also known as cesium lead iodide, has garnered significant attention as a potential absorber in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). CsPbI3-PSCs have not matched the high performance of hybrid PSCs. This study aimed to identify an effective combination of charge transport layers. Six-hole transporting layers (HTLs) including Spiro-OMeTAD, Cu2O, CuO, CuAlO2, CuSbS2, and SrCu2O2, as well as five electron transporting layers (ETLs) such as TiO2, WO3, ZnO, IGZO, and CdZnS, were tested separately in 30 PSCs. The findings of this research indicate that CuAlO2 as the HTL and WO3 as the ETL that are the most appropriate materials among the options examined, so we use FTO/WO3/CsPbI3/CuAlO2/Au as a required PSC. In this research, we used SCAPS (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator)−1D device modeling to investigate the bilayer ETL of inorganic CsPbI3-PSC and discover the methods to improve their efficiency. In planar PSCs, optimizing electron–hole pair extraction and recombination at the ETL/perovskite interface is crucial for achieving high performance. The key concept is to enhance the WO3/perovskite interface properties by adding a 5 nm ultra-thin layer (UTL) of C60. The bilayer structure WO3/C60 was found to have the advantage of high electron extraction and low interfacial recombination, primarily due to more effective energy level alignment and defect passivation. To achieve the superior efficiency of PSC, various factors such as defect and doping densities in all layers, the energy level alteration of ETL and HTL, interface defect densities on both ETL and HTL sides, back metal contact, operating temperature, and parasitic resistances were optimized. After optimizing these parameters, the efficiency of the system containing WO3/C60 bilayer ETL was found to be 29.39%. The current work proposes a straightforward and promising method to create photovoltaic devices, especially for many types of perovskites, with desirable charge transport layers and recombination properties.
Frequency selective low-loss transmission in negative curvature hollow-core fibers
Authors: Gamble Jacob , Ordu Mustafa , Akosman Ahmet E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A new low-loss negative curvature fiber design, named as the pole-anchored nested tubular negative curvature fiber, which exhibits frequency selective capabilities in the near-infrared region is proposed. This unique approach involves the addition of nested tubular elements anchored by vertical poles, which serve as an in-fiber resonator. The resulting frequency selective resonant loss dips exhibit high finesse and relative loss modulation depth. The concept of frequency selectivity in negative curvature fibers introduces unique possibilities for future applications of hollow-core structures.
Self-calibrating BAO measurements in the presence of small displacement interlopers
Authors: Nguyen Alan B.H. , Massara Elena , Percival Will J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) observations offer a robust method for measuring cosmological expansion. However, the BAO signal in a sample of galaxies can be diluted and shifted by interlopers — galaxies that have been assigned the wrong redshifts. Because of the slitless spectroscopic method adopted by the Roman and Euclid space telescopes, the galaxy samples resulting from single line detections will have relatively high fractions of interloper galaxies. Interlopers with a small displacement between true and false redshift have the strongest effect on the measured clustering. In order to model the BAO signal, the fraction of such interlopers and their clustering need to be accurately known. We introduce a new method to self-calibrate these quantities by shifting the contaminated sample towards or away from us along the line of sight by the interloper offset, and measuring the cross-correlations between these shifted samples. The contributions from the different components are shifted in scale in this cross-correlation compared to the auto-correlation of the contaminated sample, enabling the decomposition and extraction of the component terms. We demonstrate the application of the method using numerical simulations and show that an unbiased BAO measurement can be extracted. Unlike previous attempts to model the effects of contaminants, self-calibration allows us to make fewer assumptions about the form of the contaminants such as their bias.
Study on the as-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel based on electric field control
Authors: Xiao Qinghe , Zhou Ye , Miao Xincheng , Liu Siyao , Zhao Jiyu , Guan Rui , Ai Xingang , Li Shengli 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Herein, the effect of current on the solidification microstructure and properties of 35CrMo structural steel has been studied. The effect of an electric field on the solidification structure of an ingot was investigated by immersing two parallel electrodes into the free surface of molten steel. Using the interaction between the current and melt as well as the Lorentz force generated by its own induced magnetic field, the whole region of the melt was covered with an eddy current. The numerical simulation of the ingot solidification process has been carried out and its influence on the inner flow field during the ingot solidification control process discussed. The results showed that an applied electric field caused turbulence inside the ingot, which drove the molten alloys to rotate and stir, refined the solidification structure, reduced the solidification defects, such as shrinkage cavity and segregation, and increased from 549.9 MPa at the top edge of the ingot and 411.4 MPa at the middle edge to 560.2 and 510.2 MPa, respectively. In addition, the electric field made the hardness and strength of each part of the ingot more uniform and improved the quality of its rigidity for the steel production process.
Study on fatigue crack growth property of abrasive waterjet peened aluminum alloy
Authors: Wang Hui , Lv Zhe , Cui Huanyong , Hou Rongguo , Liu Yuanjian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Abrasive waterjet peening is a favorable surface treatment method for improving the fatigue resistance of metal materials. An insight into the fatigue crack growth properties of AWJ peened specimens is meaningful for obtaining better strengthening performance. In present work, a numerical model of AWJ peening was established and experimentally validated for investigating the fatigue crack growth characteristics of Aluminum specimens. The effect of peening and loading conditions on the fatigue performance was also analyzed. The results indicated that the stress intensity factor at the peened region was enhanced and the crack propagation was significantly inhibited by the compressive residual stress. The influence of compressive residual stress on the effective stress factor range is greater under lower external load and higher loading ratio. The fatigue life for reaching the crack length of 40 mm is increased by 37%, 60% and 98% after peening by using the intensity of 0.6 mmA, 0.8 mmA and 1 mmA, respectively.