bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of colistin‐impregnated beads to prevent multidrug‐resistant A. baumannii implant‐associated osteomyelitis
Authors: Crane Daniel P. , Gromov Kirill , Li Dan , Søballe Kjeld , Wahnes Christian , Büchner Hubert , Hilton Matthew J. , O'Keefe Regis J. , Murray Clinton K. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractOsteomyelitis (OM) from multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter has emerged in >30% of combat‐related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan. While most of these strains are sensitive to colistin, the drug is not availible in bone void fillers for local high‐dose delivery. To address this, we developed a mouse model with MDR strains isolated from wounded military personnel. In contrast to S. aureus OM, which is osteolytic and characterized by biofilm in necrotic bone, A. baumannii OM results in blastic lesions that do not contain apparent biofilm. We also found that mice mount a specific IgG response against three proteins (40, 47, and 56 kDa) regardless of the strain used, suggesting that these may be immuno‐dominant antigens. PCR for the A. baumannii‐specific parC gene confirmed a 100% infection rate with 75% of the MDR strains, and in vitro testing confirmed that all strains were sensitive to colistin. We also developed a real‐time quantitative PCR (RTQ‐PCR) assay that could detect as few as 10 copies of parC in a sample. To demonstrate the efficacy of colistin prophylaxis in this model, mice were treated with either parenteral colistin (0.2 mg colistinmethate i.m. for 7 days), local colistin (PMMA bead impregnated with 1.0 mg colistin sulfate), or an unloaded PMMA bead control. While the parenteral colistin failed to demonstrate any significant effects versus the placebo, the colistin PMMA bead significantly reduced the infection rate such that only 29.2% of the mice had detectable levels of parC at 19 days (p < 0.05 vs. i.m. colistin and placebo). © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 1008–1015, 2009
Serum cholesterol levels and the risk of multiple system atrophy: A case‐control study
Authors: Lee Phil Hyu , Lim Tae Sung , Shin Hae‐Won , Yong Seok Woo , Nam Hyo Suk , Sohn Young H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCholesterol in brain membranes may modulate the conformational state and accumulation of α‐synuclein in α‐synucleinopathies.We examined the association between serum cholesterol and the risk of multiple system atrophy (MSA), one of the α‐synucleinopathies. We enrolled 142 patients with probable MSA from two tertiary referral hospitals and 155 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy people with no neurological disease. The levels of total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) were significantly lower in MSA patients than in controls (total cholesterol: 172.7 vs. 196.3 mg/dL, P < 0.001; LDL‐C: 104.0 vs. 115.3 mg/dL, P = 0.001; HDL‐C: 47.3 vs. 54.2 mg/dL, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, use of cholesterol‐lowering drugs, and histories of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, the odds ratios was 5.9 (95% CI = 2.3–11.5, P < 0.001) for MSA patients in the lowest quartile of total cholesterol and 2.6 (95% CI = 1.2–5.5, P = 0.016) for those in the lowest quartile of HDL‐C, compared with the highest quartiles. Levels of serum cholesterol did not significantly correlate with disease duration or severity. Our data suggest that lower levels of total cholesterol and HDL may be associated with an increased risk of MSA. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
NMR assignments and histone specificity of the ING2 PHD finger
Authors: Peña Pedro V. , Musselman Catherine A. , Kuo Alex J. , Gozani Or , Kutateladze Tatiana G. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe ING2 plant homeodomain (PHD) finger is recruited to the nucleosome through specific binding to histone H3 trimethylated at lysine 4 (H3K4me3). Here, we describe backbone and side chain assignments of the ING2 PHD finger, analyze its binding to the unmodified and modified histone and p53 peptides, and map the histone H3 and H3K4me3 binding sites based on chemical shift perturbation analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Like I need a hole in the head: supernumerary external auditory meatus in a Carthaginian cranium
Authors: Lukaszek D. A. , Irish J. D. , Balzeau A. , Froment A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCranial anomalies vary in degree of expression. Although some are nominal i.e. slight in expression, other anomalies are quite striking in appearance. Such is the case in a cranium recovered from the archaeological site of Carthage in Tunisia. Based on observations during ongoing research by the second author, this specimen was seen to exhibit a twinned right external auditory meatus. Possible explanations for the presence of this anomaly are explored. Trauma and perhaps disease can likely be excluded; congenital or epigenetic variation is more of a probable cause. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
123I‐mIBG scintigraphy in patients with known or suspected neuroblastoma: Results from a prospective multicenter trial
Authors: Vik Terry A. , Pfluger Thomas , Kadota Richard , Castel Victoria , Tulchinsky Mark , Farto J.C. Alonso , Heiba Sherif , Serafini Aldo , Tumeh Sabah , Khutoryansky Natalie , Jacobson Arnold F. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundA prospective trial was conducted to confirm the diagnostic performance of 123I‐mIBG scintigraphy in patients with known or suspected neuroblastoma.ProcedureOne hundred patients (mean age 4.7 years) were enrolled, 86 with a previous diagnosis of neuroblastoma, 13 with suspected disease based upon symptoms, imaging findings, and elevated catecholamines, and one adult with an abdominal tumor thought to be of neuroendocrine origin. All patients underwent whole‐body planar imaging 24 hr following IV administration of 1–10 mCi (37–370 MBq) 123I‐mIBG. SPECT imaging of the thorax/abdomen/pelvis was performed in 51 patients. Images were interpreted by three blinded readers, with consensus requiring agreement of at least two readers. Disease status was confirmed by histopathology, imaging results, catecholamine measurements, and follow‐up.ResultsSixty‐four patients had active disease, 30 were without disease, and 6 were judged indeterminate because of insufficient confirmatory data. 123I‐mIBG scintigraphy had a sensitivity of 88% (56/64) and specificity of 83% (25/30). Sensitivity was 91% (30/33) among the subset of subjects who had both planar and SPECT imaging. Among 53 patients with recent histopathology, sensitivity and specificity were 93% and 92%, respectively. Most false‐negative interpretations were in patients with minimal residual disease (n = 4), while false‐positive interpretations generally involved atypical adrenal or other physiological uptake (n = 4).ConclusionsThis prospective multicenter trial of 123I‐mIBG scintigraphy documents high sensitivity and specificity of this imaging technique in patients with both newly diagnosed and previously treated neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:784–790. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Electrical conductivity and optical properties of poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) organic semiconductor
Authors: Yakuphanoglu Fahrettin , Şenkal B. Filiz 
Published: January 2009

AbstractElectrical conductivity and optical properties of the poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) have been investigated. The room temperature electrical conductivity and activation energy of the poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) were 2.0 × 10−9 S/cm and 0.17 eV, respectively. In the semiconductor region of the polymer, the charge transport mechanism is taking place by the hopping process in the localized states. The direct optical band gap value of the poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) was found to be 1.92 eV via optical absorption method. The width of localized states for the polymer was determined to be 0.36 eV. The refractive index dispersion curve of the polymer obeys the single oscillator model. The refractive index dispersion parameter Eo/So for the poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) was determined to be 9.82 × 1012 eV m2. The optical dielectric constants of the polymer were determined. The real part of the dielectric constant of the polymer is higher than that of imaginary part of the dielectric constant. The imaginary part shows a peak corresponding to the absorption edge. It is evaluated that the electrical and optical results of the poly(3‐thiophene boronic acid) indicate that it is an organic semiconductor with electrical and optical parameters. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Antiinflammatory and lipoxygenase inhibitory compounds from vitex agnus‐castus
Authors: Choudhary M. Iqbal , Azizuddin  , Jalil Saima , Nawaz Sarfraz Ahmad , Khan Khalid Mohammed , Tareen Rasool Bakhsh , Atta‐ur‐Rahman  
Published: January 2009

AbstractSeveral secondary metabolites, artemetin (1), casticin (2), 3,3′‐dihydroxy‐5,6,7,4′‐tetramethoxy flavon (3), penduletin (4), methyl 4‐hydroxybenzoate (5), p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (6), methyl 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoate (7), 5‐hydroxy‐2‐methoxybenzoic acid (8), vanillic acid (9) and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (10) were isolated from a folkloric medicinal plant, Vitex agnus‐castus. The structures of compounds 1–10 were identified with the help of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 3–10 were isolated for the first time from this plant. These compounds were screened for their antiinflammatory and lipoxygenase inhibitory activities. Compounds 6, 7 and 10 were found to have significant antiinflammatory activity in a cell‐based contemporary assay, whereas compounds 1 and 2 exhibited a potent lipoxygenase inhibition. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complexity of contacts between synaptic boutons and dendritic spines in adult rat hippocampus: Three‐dimensional reconstructions from serial ultrathin sections in vivo
Authors: Popov Victor I. , Stewart Michael G. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe morphological relationship between a synapse and dendritic spine is an important determinant of synaptic function, and has been studied extensively with the electron microscope. This has revealed that the universal idea of one synapse per spine is no longer tenable; dendritic spines may on occasions form synapses with two or more axonal boutons. To elucidate the detailed structure and relationship of spines and their synaptic contacts in the molecular layers of the dentate gyrus of the adult rat, a study using 3‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions was made from serial ultrathin sections (up to 150 sections per series), of both pre‐ and postsynaptic segments of axons and dendrites. We found that synapses from all unmyelinated axons examined were en passant and although most contacts between synapse and spine are one‐to‐one, all reconstructions examined contained both multisynaptic axonal segments, and multisynaptic spines. In the dentate gyrus, 3.48% mushroom spines were multisynaptic, synapsing with more than two axons, and 0.46% of the total population of synapses were multisynaptic. Although these values appear small, they actually comprise millions of contacts per cubic millimeter of tissue. Axonal varicosities can contact more than three dendritic spines originating from different dendritic branches while spines may branch with up to three heads, and spine heads may receive two or more synaptic contacts. Our data confirm the complexity of relationships between spines and synapses and show that a one–one relationship between synapse and spine cannot be assumed automatically. Synapse 63:369–377, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopamine D2/3receptor occupancy of apomorphine in the nonhuman primate brain—A comparative PET study with [11C]raclopride and [11C]MNPA
Authors: Finnema Sjoerd J. , Halldin Christer , Bang‐Andersen Benny , Gulyás Balázs , Bundgaard Christoffer , Wikström Håkan V. , Farde Lars 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBinding studies in vitro have demonstrated that the dopamine D2receptor may exist in two affinity states for agonists. The high affinity state is thought to represent the functional state of the receptor and proportions might alter during disease. In vitro studies further indicate that agonists induce measurable D2receptor occupancy at clinically relevant concentrations but only when measured at the high affinity state. Recently developed PET‐radioligands, such as [11C]MNPA, have now made it possible to directly study agonist binding in vivo. The aim of this study was to compare the inhibition by apomorphine of agonist and antagonist radioligand binding to D2/3receptors in vivo. A total of 36 PET measurements were performed with the D2/3antagonist [11C]raclopride or the D2/3agonist [11C]MNPA in two cynomolgus monkeys. On each study day, a baseline measurement was followed by two consecutive pretreatment studies with rising doses of apomorphine (0.01, 0.05, 0.15, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg). Binding potential (BPND) values were calculated for the striatum with cerebellum as reference region. Apomorphine inhibited [11C]raclopride and [11C]MNPA binding in a dose‐dependent manner and to a similar extent. ID50andKivalues were 0.26 mg/kg and 29 ng/ml for [11C]raclopride and 0.50 mg/kg and 31 ng/ml for [11C]MNPA. The present observations do not support the existence of two affinity states in vivo. It might thus be speculated that all D2/3receptors are in the high affinity state at in vivo conditions. Synapse 63:378–389, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human evidence of a supra‐spinal modulating role of dopamine on pain perception
Authors: Potvin Stéphane , Grignon Sylvain , Marchand Serge 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground:Over the last decades, remarkable progresses have been accomplished regarding the understanding of the neurophysiologic and neuropharmacological bases of pain. A growing preclinical literature supports a role for substance P, endogenous opioids, glutamate, serotonin, and norepinephrine in pain perception. Recently, a series of studies explored the function of dopamine in pain perception, which we review here, while focusing on human studies.Methods:The literature was screened using electronic databases.Results:We found evidence from genetics, brain imaging, neuropsychiatry, and pharmacology of an involvement of dopamine in pain processing. Using positron emission tomography and molecular genetics, studies have been performed in healthy volunteers and patients suffering from chronic pain conditions, showing a key role of dopamine in pain perception. Moreover, abnormal pain perception has been documented in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, where dopamine has a pathophysiological role. Lastly, pharmacological studies have shown that dopaminergic drugs (antipsychotics, antiparkinsonian drugs, atypical antidepressants, psychostimulants) modify pain perception.Discussion:Although there is growing evidence supporting a role of dopamine in pain perception, the mechanisms by which dopamine influences pain processing remains to be determined. On the basis of preliminary findings, we put forth the hypothesis that dopamine is involved in endogenous pain modulation systems, and further discuss the implications of this hypothesis for the understanding of the physiopathology of chronic pain disorders associated with dysfunctional endogenous pain modulation systems. Synapse 63:390–402, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rats with persistently high exploratory activity have both higher extracellular dopamine levels and higher proportion of D receptors in the striatum
Authors: Alttoa Aet , Seeman Philip , Kõiv Kadri , Eller Marika , Harro Jaanus 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIncreases in both striatal dopamine release and the proportion of the D2 receptors in the high affinity state (D) accompany the behavioral sensitization to psychostimulants, but it is not known whether the physiological substrate of the interindividual differences locomotor and exploratory behavior is similar. Thus, we examined whether persistently high spontaneous exploratory activity is associated with extracellular dopamine as well as the proportion of D in the striatum. Extracellular dopamine levels were found to be significantly higher in rats with high exploratory activity (high explorers, HE) as compared with low explorers (LE) in baseline conditions as well as after administration of amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.). Also, the HE animals had significantly higher proportion of striatal D receptors than the LE‐rats (43.8 ± 4.4% and 22.5 ± 1.5%, respectively). Thus, the present findings support the notion that concomitant higher extracellular dopamine levels and the proportion of D receptors in the striatum, whether naturally occurring and persistent or pharmacologically induced, are causally related to high behavioral activity. Synapse 63:443–446, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suitable configuration of switchgear for UHV AC substation and its environmental consideration
Authors: Yokota Takeshi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper describes some environmental considerations, a suitable configuration of switchgear, and their site test considerations for ultra‐high‐voltage (UHV) alternating current (AC) substations based on experiences gained in planning, development, and field tests conducted in China and Japan.Due to high voltage levels, the size and weight of UHV equipment is invariably greater than normal EHV equipment, which has impact on the UHV substation design for environment. On the other hand, it is also important to reduce the size of the UHV equipment so that the cost of the UHV substation is not increased drastically. Reduction of the installtion space and improvement of the environmental and seismic qualification may be achieved by selecting full GIS and MTS (hybrid GIS) solutions. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
TEM observation of the giant carbon nanotube construction using Langmuir‐Blodgett films
Authors: Imaizumi Yoshiaki , Kushida Masahito , Arakawa Yoichiro , Fukuda Toshio 
Published: January 2009

AbstractLangmuir‐Blodgett (LB) films, which included Fe atoms as a catalytic metal material, were used for carbon nanotube (CNT) growth by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). A new form of localized nanotube growth was observed to result in a structure called a giant carbon nanotube construction (GNC). The GNC seems to be a self‐assembled knitted structure formed by CNTs. The GNC is thin (∼5 µm in diameter) and long (∼100 µm) and is quite different from a CNT bundle. A growth mechanism for the GNC was developed from the results of TEM, SEM, and Raman spectral analysis. The GNC might find applications for CNT sensors, synthetic fibers, and so on. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An augmented automatic choosing control of observer type for nonlinear systems with linear measurement and its application to power systems
Authors: Takata Hitoshi , Hachino Tomohiro , Nawata Toshinori 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with a feedback control using automatic choosing functions and the observer‐control design procedure for nonlinear systems with linear measurement. A constant term which arises from linearization of a nonlinear equation is treated as a coefficient of a stable zero dynamics. A given nonlinear system is linearized piecewise so as to be able to design the linear optimal controllers with the linear observers. By the automatic choosing functions, these controllers are smoothly united into a single nonlinear feedback controller, which is called an augmented automatic choosing control of observer type. This controller is applied to a transient stability of power systems, whose simulation results show that the new controller enables to expand the stable region well. Copyright © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
First‐trimester maternal serum tumor necrosis factor receptor‐1 and pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Leal A. M. , Poon L. C. Y. , Frisova V. , Veduta A. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectivesTo examine whether the maternal serum concentration of the soluble receptor‐1 of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐R1) at 11–13 weeks of gestation in pregnancies that subsequently develop pre‐eclampsia is different from that in women without this complication.MethodsThe concentration of TNF‐R1 at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks was measured in samples from 128 cases that subsequently developed pre‐eclampsia and 569 controls with no pregnancy complications. TNF‐R1 and uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) values were expressed as multiples of the median (MoM) adjusted for maternal factors. The distributions of log TNF‐R1 MoM and log UtA‐PI MoM in the control and pre‐eclampsia groups were compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether a significant contribution is provided by maternal factors, TNF‐R1 and UtA‐PI in predicting pre‐eclampsia. The performance of screening was determined by analysis of receiver–operating characteristics curves.ResultsMedian TNF‐R1 and UtA‐PI were significantly higher in the pre‐eclampsia group (TNF‐R1, 1.062 MoM; UtA‐PI, 1.301 MoM) than in the control group (TNF‐R1, 0.996 MoM; UtA‐PI, 1.037 MoM). There was no significant association between TNF‐R1 and gestational age at delivery, birth weight percentile or UtA‐PI. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant contributions to the detection of pre‐eclampsia from maternal factors and UtA‐PI but not from TNF‐R1.ConclusionsIn pregnancies developing pre‐eclampsia the maternal serum TNF‐R1 concentration at 11–13 weeks of gestation is increased, but the level of TNF‐R1 is not associated with the degree of impairment in placental perfusion or the severity of pre‐eclampsia. Measurement of serum TNF‐R1 does not improve the prediction of pre‐eclampsia provided by screening based on a combination of maternal factors and UtA‐PI. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetoscopic release of umbilical cord amniotic band in a human fetus
Authors: Peiró J. L. , Carreras E. , Soldado F. , Sanchez‐Duran M. A. , Aguirre M. , Barber I. , Martinez‐Ibañez V. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractUmbilical cord amniotic bands occur in approximately 10% of cases of amniotic band syndrome and are a well‐known cause of fetal death. An unexpected amniotic band encircling the umbilical cord was diagnosed during a fetoscopic procedure to release a leg constriction. Both bands were released fetoscopically using a YAG laser. We report the first case of an amniotic band involving the umbilical cord diagnosed and released prenatally. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief report: Accuracy of a 16‐item questionnaire based on the HEADSS approach (QBH‐16) in the screening of mental disorders in adolescents with behavioral problems in secondary care
Authors: Hagel Lilian Day , Mainieri Alberto Scolfano , Zeni Cristian Patrick , Wagner Mario Bernardes 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveCompare a questionnaire based on the HEADSS approach (QBH‐16) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in the screening of mental disorder in adolescents with behavioral problems.MethodsAdolescents from both genders 12–17 years‐old presenting behavioral problems without a previous diagnosis of mental disorder were referred from primary services to a specialized outpatient program for adolescent behavioral problems and evaluated with the QBH‐16, CBCL, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. This program is located in a secondary and tertiary university hospital, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, in the capital city of the southernmost state of Brazil.Results98 adolescents and their families were interviewed. Scores ≥9 in the QBH‐16 had a likelihood ratio (LR) >5.5 and scores under 6 had a LR of 0.13, identifying adequately 62 patients (71%) according to the CBCL. Cognitive performance was similar among all patients.DiscussionOur findings suggest the QBH‐16 has a good accuracy for screening mental disorders and may help prioritize or choose which patients will benefit from psychiatric services.