bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact de la féminisation lexicale des professions sur l'auto-efficacité des élèves : une remise en cause de l'universalisme masculin ?
Authors: Chatard Armand , Guimont Serge , Martinot Delphine 
Published: November 2007

Summary : Occupational self-efficacy as a function of grammatical gender in French
The participants of this study, two hundred fifty French pupils aged fourteen and fifteen years, had to estimate their degree of self-efficacy toward various occupations. According to the experimental condition, occupations were presented only with the male grammatical gender [e.g., enseignant] or with the feminine grammatical gender [e.g., enseignant(e)]. Results obtained in this study indicate that, on average, pupils reported significantly more self-efficacy when occupations were presented with the feminine grammatical gender. Implications of this result are discussed with regard to the lack of the feminine grammatical gender in French for the most prestigious occupations.
Keys words : Androcentric bias, grammatical gender, self-efficacy.
Ressemblance et catégorisation : étude de l'effet d'un contexte de nature axiologique
Authors: Rabillard Jean-François , Corson Yves 
Published: November 2007

Summary : Efficiency of semantic anticipation context of an axiological nature
The aim of this article is to highlight the efficiency of semantic anticipation context of an axiological nature which governs similarity judgments and hence categorization processes. To account for flexibility inherent in the similarity judgment while at the same time keeping its cognitive value in constructing categories, recent research broke away with the objectivist classical theory (Tversky, 1977) by developing a pragmatic theory indicating that similarity depends on people's needs and purposes (Medin, 1989 ; Goldstone et al., 1997). The present paper is an attempt to break through this exclusively utilitarian view of similarity and its role in categorization processes. Subjects are asked to rank exemplars according to their similarity with a categorical concept, adopting beforehand a point of view allowing the stimulation of distinct axiological representations such as hedonist, utilitarian, aesthetic, epistemic and ethical ones. The results make it possible to state that a five mode axiological system guides similarity judgments by establishing relatively stable and separate categorical representations. The conclusions of this research reflect the current concerns relating to the theory of categorization in the cognitive tradition.
A Neutron and X‐Ray Diffraction Study of Bioglass® with Reverse Monte Carlo Modelling
Authors: FitzGerald V. , Pickup D. M. , Greenspan D. , Sarkar G. , Fitzgerald J. J. , Wetherall K. M. , Moss R. M. , Jones J. R. , Newport R. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA class of melt‐quenched silicate glasses, containing calcium, phosphorus and alkali metals, and having the ability to promote bone regeneration and to fuse to living bone, creating strong implants with less danger of interfacial instability than previous materials, is produced commercially as Bioglass® and sold under the brand names of PerioGlas®, NovaBone® and NovaBone‐C/M®. We have collected the first high energy X‐ray and neutron diffraction data, on this important material in the hope of providing more direct experimental insight into the glass structure. Similarly, the first solid state MAS (magic angle spinning) 29Si, 31P, and 23Na NMR data on the material is presented. The diffraction data has been modeled using the reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method to allow the identification of the atomic‐scale structural features present; the solid state NMR data is used explicitly within the model‐building process as a constraint on the connectivity of the network. The 29Si NMR suggests that the host silica network primarily consists of chains and rings of Q2 SiO4 tetrahedra, with some degree of cross linking as represented by the presence of Q3 units. The diffraction‐based RMC model suggests a Na–O distance of 2.35 Å and a corresponding coordination of ∼ 6; the coordination number is supported by the 23Na NMR data presented here which reveals that the likely sodium environment is six‐coordinate in pseudo‐octahedral arrangement. The RMC model provides evidence for the non‐uniform distribution of Ca, which is in line with previous molecular dynamics simulation results, and the data is also suggestive of CaO as the associated structural motif within the high calcium content regions of the glass.
Evolutionary changes in the masticatory complex following the transition to farming in the southern Levant
Authors: Pinhasi R. , Eshed V. , Shaw P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA post‐Pleistocene reduction trend in the dimensions of the masticatory complex followed the transition to agricultural lifestyle in several world regions. A major limitation of previous studies is large temporal gaps between the analyzed skeletal populations, which do not allow the detection and analysis of a diachronic morphological transition. In this work, we analyze a large number of specimens from the southern Levant, where agriculture first emerged in situ and for which there is a good diachronic sequence of the shift from a hunting‐gathering way of life to a food producing, farming economy (12,000–7,000 uncalibrated bp). Changes in the masticatory complex are examined in the context of three prevailing dental reduction models: the Probable Mutation Effect (Brace,1963; Brace and Mahler,1971), Increasing Population Density Effect (Macchiarelli and Bondioli,1986) and Selective Compromise Effect (SCE) (Calcagno,1989). A series of linear regressions of dimension vs. time and coefficients of variation for each dimension are analyzed. Our results indicate significant reduction in the buccolingual but not mesiodistal dental dimensions and in the ramus breadth and anterior height dimensions of the mandible but not in its overall size. These findings, taken together with low coefficients of variation for the buccolingual dimensions, suggest selective pressure resulting in reduction of specific dimensions. The observed trend is in partial accordance with the SCE but differs from the trends observed in other regions, and is therefore best explained as a region‐specific variant of the SCE. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative three‐dimensional shape analysis of the proximal hallucial metatarsal articular surface in Homo, Pan, Gorilla, and Hylobates
Authors: Proctor Daniel J. , Broadfield Douglas , Proctor Kristopher 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMultidimensional morphometrics is used to compare the proximal articular surface of the first metatarsal between Homo, Pan, Gorilla, Hylobates, and the hominin fossils A.L. 333‐54 (A. afarensis), SKX 5017 (P. robustus), and OH 8 (H. habilis). Statistically significant differences in articular surface morphology exist between H. sapiens and the apes, and between ape groups. Ape groups are characterized by greater surface depth, an obliquely curved articular surface through the dorso‐lateral and medio‐plantar regions, and a wider medio‐lateral surface relative to the dorso‐plantar height. The OH 8 articular surface is indistinguishable from H. sapiens, while A.L. 333‐54 and SKX 5017 more closely resemble the apes. P. robustus and A. afarensis exhibit ape‐like oblique curvature of the articular surface. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Larger Acenes: Versatile Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Anthony John E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcenes have long been the subject of intense study because of the unique electronic properties associated with their π‐bond topology. Recent reports of impressive semiconductor properties of larger homologues have reinvigorated research in this field, leading to new methods for their synthesis, functionalization, and purification, as well as for fabricating organic electronic components. Studies performed on high‐purity acene single crystals revealed their intrinsic electronic properties and provide useful benchmarks for thin film device research. New approaches to add functionality were developed to improve the processability of these materials in solution. These new functionalization strategies have recently allowed the synthesis of acenes larger than pentacene, which have hitherto been largely unavailable and poorly studied, as well as investigation of their associated structure/property relationships.
Electrical conductivity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) modified by titanium plasma
Authors: Han Z. J. , Tay B. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIon‐implantation‐induced electrical conductivity in a polymer surface is known to have a different mechanism from that of metals and semiconductors. We used a technique called plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition and combined it with a titanium cathodic vacuum arc to modify the surface electrical conductivity of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The conductivity curve as a function of temperature well fitted the Mott hopping model, which has been proposed for many disordered systems. In addition, we also observed conductivity degradation when modified PET was kept at room temperature. The degradation showed a quasi‐exponential decay as a function of time, that is, an aging effect, which has been seldom reported in the literature to the best of our knowledge. This could have resulted from the unusual structure of PET's surface after ion implantation. A new formula for electrical conductivity in modified PET is proposed that considers both temperature and aging effects. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Anti‐inflammatory effects of low‐intensity extremely high‐frequency electromagnetic radiation: Frequency and power dependence
Authors: Gapeyev A.B. , Mikhailik E.N. , Chemeris N.K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUsing a model of acute zymosan‐induced footpad edema in NMRI mice, the frequency and power dependence of anti‐inflammatory effect of low‐intensity extremely high‐frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) was found. Single whole‐body exposure of animals to EHF EMR at the intensity of 0.1 mW/cm2 for 20 min at 1 h after zymosan injection reduced both the footpad edema and local hyperthermia on average by 20% at the frequencies of 42.2, 51.8, and 65 GHz. Some other frequencies from the frequency range of 37.5–70 GHz were less effective or not effective at all. At fixed frequency of 42.2 GHz and intensity of 0.1 mW/cm2, the effect had bell‐shaped dependence on exposure duration with a maximum at 20–40 min. Reduction of intensity to 0.01 mW/cm2 resulted in a change of the effect dependence on exposure duration to a linear one. Combined action of cyclooxygenase inhibitor sodium diclofenac and EHF EMR exposure caused a partial additive effect of decrease in footpad edema. Combined action of antihistamine clemastine and EHF EMR exposure caused a dose‐dependent abolishment of the anti‐inflammatory effect of EHF EMR. The results obtained suggest that arachidonic acid metabolites and histamine are involved in realization of anti‐inflammatory effects of low‐intensity EHF EMR. Bioelectromagnetics 29:197–206, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Death qualification and prejudice: the effect of implicit racism, sexism, and homophobia on capital defendants' right to due process
Authors: Butler Brooke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo hundred venirepersons from the 12th Judicial Circuit in Bradenton, Florida completed the following measures: (1) one question that measured their level of support for the death penalty; (2) one question that categorized their death‐qualification status; (3) 23 questions that measured their attitudes toward the death penalty (ATDP); (4) 22 questions that assessed their attitudes toward women (ATW); (5) 25 questions that measured their level of homophobia (H); (6) seven questions that assessed their level of modern racism (MR); (7) eight questions that measured their level of modern sexism (MS); and (8) standard demographic questions. Results indicated that as death‐penalty support increased participants exhibited more positive attitudes toward the death penalty, more negative attitudes toward women, and higher levels of homophobia, modern racism, and modern sexism. Findings also suggested that death‐qualified venirepersons exhibited more positive attitudes toward the death penalty and higher levels of homophobia, modern racism, and modern sexism. Finally, more positive attitudes toward the death penalty were correlated with more negative attitudes toward women and higher levels of homophobia, modern racism, and modern sexism. Legal implications are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ligand‐Directed Immobilization of Proteins through an Esterase 2 Fusion Tag Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Minařik Antonín , Humenik Martin , Li Sheng , Huang Yiwei , Krausch Georg , Sprinzl Mathias 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAtomically flat mica surfaces were chemically modified with an alkyl trifluoromethyl ketone, a covalent inhibitor of esterase 2 from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, which served as a tag for ligand‐directed immobilization of esterase‐linked proteins. Purified NADH oxidase from Thermus thermophilus and human exportin‐t from cell lysates were anchored on the modified surfaces. The immobilization effectiveness of the proteins was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was shown that ligand–esterase interaction allowed specific attachment of exportin‐t and resulted in high‐resolution images and coverage patterns that were comparable with immobilized purified protein. Moreover, the biological functionality of immobilized human exportin‐t in forming a quaternary complex with tRNA and the GTPase Ran‐GTP, and the dimension changes before and after complex formation were also determined by AFM.
An evaluation of octogenarians undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention from the Melbourne Interventional Group registry
Authors: Yan Bryan P. , Gurvitch Ronen , Duffy Stephen J. , Clark David J. , Sebastian Martin , New Gishel , Warren Roderick , Lefkovits Jeffery , Lew Robert , Brennan Angela L. , Reid Chris , Andrianopoulos Nick , Ajani Andrew E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjectives:The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of octogenarians (≥80 years of age) in a contemporary, multi‐centre percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry.Background:Octogenarians are increasingly referred for PCI. This patient population frequently has significant comorbidities, which result in major therapeutic challenges.Methods:The study population consisted of consecutive patients undergoing PCI in seven major Australian hospitals, who were treated over a 2‐year period (2004–2005).Results:Of 4,360 PCI's, 11.3% (n = 491) were performed in octogenarians and 88.7% (n = 3,869) in patients <80 years. Octogenarians (compared with patients <80 years of age) were more likely female and have greater comorbidities such as cerebrovascular disease, renal impairment, congestive heart failure, and chronic airway disease. Octogenarians more frequently presented with acute coronary syndromes and cardiogenic shock. Octogenarians had significantly increased 30‐day (6.0 vs. 1.4%, P < 0.01) and 12‐month mortality (8.4% vs. 2.5%, P < 0.01), and major adverse cardiac event rates [(MACE), 30 days 11.3% vs. 5.4%, P < 0.01 and 12‐months 18.7% vs. 12.9%, P = 0.04]. Cardiogenic shock, ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, chronic renal failure, and age ≥80 years were independent predictors of 12‐month mortality.Conclusions:Octogenarians comprise a significant cohort of patients undergoing PCI. Octogenarians have more comorbidities, and higher rates of mortality and MACE, mandating thorough clinical evaluation before acceptance for PCI. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The practice of stakeholder dialogue between multinationals and NGOs
Authors: van Huijstee Mariëtte , Glasbergen Pieter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper looks for patterns in the emerging dialogue practice between multinationals and NGOs (non‐governmental organizations). It examines what drives the practice, where stakeholder management is located in the organizational structure, how topics and partners for stakeholder dialogue are selected, which types of dialogue occur and what outcomes they have. The practice is evaluated in terms of the strategic management model and the sustainability model. While strategic management considerations may be recognized in all elements of the dialogue practice, sustainability considerations are less prominent. It is concluded that corporate stakeholder dialogues with environmental NGOs have a high instrumental value for strategic management. For corporate environmental sustainability, however, current dialogues are a possible but not a necessary instrument. Nonetheless, the apparent learning process among the individual participants might be the added value of stakeholder dialogue in sustainability terms. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Mercury‐Substituted Type‐I Clathrates A8Hg4Sn42 (A = K, Rb, Cs)
Authors: Kaltzoglou Andreas , Ponou Siméon , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe mercury‐substituted type‐I clathrates A8Hg4Sn42,with A = K, Rb or Cs, were obtained by fusion of the pure elements at high temperatures. The crystal structures of the compounds were refined from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. They crystallize in the space group Pm$\bar {3}$n (No. 223), Z = 1 with a = 12.1255(4) Å for K8Hg4Sn42 (1), a = 12.1838(4) Å for Rb8Hg4Sn42 (2) and a = 12.2130(4) Å for Cs8Hg4Sn42 (3). The 3D framework of four‐bonded atoms defines two types of polyhedral cages of different size that are fully occupied by the alkali‐metal atoms. All three compounds are considered as formally charge‐balanced Zintl phases without any homogeneity range. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicates that the stability of the clathrates significantly depends on the size of the encaged cations. The thermal stability of the title compounds and the binary phases A8Sn44 (A = K, Rb, Cs) is discussed. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements for compound 3 show also the expected diamagnetic behaviour. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
(η5‐Cyclopentadienyl)(η4‐tetrasila‐ and η4‐trisilagermacyclobutadiene)cobalt: Sandwich Complexes Featuring Heavy Cyclobutadiene Ligands (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 35/2007)
Authors: Takanashi Kazunori , Lee Vladimir Ya. , Ichinohe Masaaki , Sekiguchi Akira 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe cover picture shows two spotlights illuminating the structure of the first sandwich complex featuring an all‐heavy group 14 element‐consisting Si4‐cyclic ligand, namely, a derivative of (?5‐cyclopentadienyl)(η4‐tetrasilacyclobutadiene)cobalt [(η4‐R4Si4)CoCp] (R = SiMetBu2). The Me and tBu groups on the Si substituents, as well as the H atoms on the Cp ring, are removed for simplicity. The title compound was smoothly prepared by a ligand exchange reaction between the tetrasilacyclobutadiene dianion salt K+2·[R4Si4]2 and [CpCoI2(PPh3)]. Systematic comparison of the complex [(η4‐R4Si4)CoCp] and its carbon analogue [η4‐(Me3Si)4C4]CoCp revealed important structural distinctions between the two complexes that result from the different ring sizes of the cyclobutadiene ligands η4‐R4E4 (R = SiMetBu2, E = Si vs. R = SiMe3, E = C). Details of the synthesis of the novel Co complex, as well as of its structural and electronic peculiarities, are discussed in the Short Communication by A. Sekiguchi et al. on p. 5471 ff.
ESE‐1 is a potent repressor of type II collagen gene (COL2A1) transcription in human chondrocytes
Authors: Peng Haibing , Tan Lujian , Osaki Makoto , Zhan Yumei , Ijiri Kosei , Tsuchimochi Kaneyuki , Otero Miguel , Wang Hong , Choy Bob K. , Grall Franck T. , Gu Xuesong , Libermann Towia A. , Oettgen Peter , Goldring Mary B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe epithelium‐specific ETS (ESE)‐1 transcription factor is induced in chondrocytes by interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). We reported previously that early activation of EGR‐1 by IL‐1β results in suppression of the proximal COL2A1 promoter activity by displacement of Sp1 from GC boxes. Here we report that ESE‐1 is a potent transcriptional suppressor of COL2A1 promoter activity in chondrocytes and accounts for the sustained, NF‐κB‐dependent inhibition by IL‐1β. Of the ETS factors tested, this response was specific to ESE‐1, since ESE‐3, which was also induced by IL‐1β, suppressed COL2A1 promoter activity only weakly. In contrast, overexpression of ETS‐1 increased COL2A1 promoter activity and blocked the inhibition by IL‐1β. These responses to ESE‐1 and ETS‐1 were confirmed using siRNA‐ESE1 and siRNA‐ETS1. In transient cotransfections, the inhibitory responses to ESE‐1 and IL‐1β colocalized in the −577/−132 bp promoter region, ESE‐1 bound specifically to tandem ETS sites at −403/−381 bp, and IL‐1‐induced binding of ESE‐1 to the COL2A1 promoter was confirmed in vivo by ChIP. Our results indicate that ESE‐1 serves a potent repressor function by interacting with at least two sites in the COL2A1 promoter. However, the endogenous response may depend upon the balance of other ETS factors such as ETS‐1, and other IL‐1‐induced factors, including EGR‐1 at any given time. Intracellular ESE‐1 staining in chondrocytes in cartilage from patients with osteoarthritis (OA), but not in normal cartilage, further suggests a fundamental role for ESE‐1 in cartilage degeneration and suppression of repair. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 562–573, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The arginine growth hormone stimulation test in bradykinetic‐rigid parkinsonisms
Authors: Pellecchia Maria Teresa , Longo Katia , Manfredi Michela , Lucetti Claudio , Cossu Giovanni , Petrone Alfredo , Marconi Roberto , Sensi Mariachiara , Epifanio Antonio , Eleopra Roberto , Marchese Roberta , Scaravilli Tomaso , Morgante Letterio , Abbruzzese Giovanni , Bonuccelli Ubaldo , Donati Edoardo , Pivonello Rosario , Colao Annamaria , Barone Paolo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe arginine growth hormone (GH) stimulation test differentiates the Parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA‐P) from idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of the arginine GH stimulation test in distinguishing between PSP, MSA‐P, and PD. We measured the GH response to arginine in serum samples of 26 MSA‐P, 23 PSP, and 26 PD patients, and in 80 healthy controls. We used ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test to compare GH values and peaks among groups. We used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to establish the arginine cut‐off level that best differentiated between MSA‐P, PSP, and PD. The GH peak was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in MSA‐P (1.46 ± 0.29 μg/L) than in both PD (8.74 ± 0.98 μg/L) and PSP (6.64 ± 0.82 μg/L) patients, and controls (8.59 ± 0.44 μg/L). Growth hormone peaked later in PSP patients than in PD patients and controls. At a cut‐off level of 4 μg/L, arginine test distinguished MSA‐P from PD with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 96%, and MSA‐P from PSP with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 96%. The GH response to arginine differentiates MSA‐P from PD and PSP with a good diagnostic accuracy. The neuroendocrine response to arginine of PSP patients differed from that of MSA‐P patients, but was not identical to that of normal controls and PD patients. Our results suggest that the impairment of the central mechanisms modulating GH release differs between PSP and MSA‐P. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society