bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of biogenic sulfide production in a packed‐bed bioreactor via critical inoculum design and carrier material selection
Authors: McMahon Matthew J.L. , Daugulis Andrew J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are commonly used in environmental bioprocesses for the treatment of acid mine drainage and sulfate wastewaters. Biogenic H2S is also a potential source of H2 fuel with the recent development of H2S splitting technologies. In this study, a sulfate reducing packed bed bioreactor (PBR) capable of rapidly achieving high volumetric productivities was developed using a novel method of rational inoculum design and the selection of improved biomass carrier materials. An inoculum with initial composition of ∼95% Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (ATCC 7757) and 5% SRB consortium was designed based on the pure strain's superior immobilization potential and the SRB consortium's superior kinetics. Diatomaceous earth (DE) pellets, porous glass beads, polyurethane foam and bone char were evaluated as potential biomass carrier materials. The DE pellets immobilized the most biomass and were employed in two packed bed bioreactor fermentations. Using the designed inoculum and DE pellets, a packed bed bioreactor achieved a volumetric productivity of 493 mol H2S m−3 day−1 (based on a 308 mL working volume) with a dissolved sulfide concentration of 9.9 mM. This occurred after 8.3 days of operation and represents a tenfold reduction in the start‐up period compared to other sulfate reducing PBRs described in the literature. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 855–863. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Isosteric Analogues of FK866, an Inhibitor of NAD Salvage
Authors: Galli Ubaldina , Ercolano Emanuela , Carraro Lorenzo , Blasi Roman Cintia R. , Sorba Giovanni , Canonico Pier Luigi , Genazzani Armando A. , Tron Gian Cesare , Billington Richard A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractOne of the great challenges of medicinal chemistry is to create novel, effective, chemotherapeutic agents that show specificity for cancer cells combined with low systemic toxicity. A novel idea is to target the enzymes of the NAD biosynthesis and recycling pathways given that cancer cells display a higher NAD turnover rate than healthy cells. To this end, the compound FK866 (APO866; (E)‐N‐[4‐(1‐benzoylpiperidin‐4‐yl) butyl]‐3‐(pyridin‐3‐yl) acrylamide), which blocks nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase) has entered clinical trials as a potential chemotherapeutic agent. Here we report the synthesis of analogues of FK866 synthesized by click chemistry.
Ontogeny of altered dendritic morphology in the rat prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens following Cesarean delivery and birth anoxia
Authors: Juárez Ismael , Gratton Alan , Flores Gonzalo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe used a delayed Cesarean birth model and the Golgi–Cox staining method to investigate the effects of perinatal anoxia on prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampal (CA1) pyramidal neurons as well as nucleus accumbens (NAcc) medium spiny neurons. Dendritic morphology in these regions was studied on postnatal days (P) 2, 7, 14, 21, 35, and 70 in male Sprague–Dawley rats born either vaginally (VAG) or by Cesarean section either with (C + anoxia) or without (C‐only) anoxia. The most striking birth group differences seen were at the level of dendritic spine densities on P35. During this postnatal period the dendritic spine density of PFC neurons was significantly lower in C + anoxia and C‐only animals than in VAG controls; however, by P70 PFC spine densities in all birth groups were comparable. In contrast, hippocampal spine densities on P35 were comparably greater in C + anoxia animals than in VAG controls, whereas in C‐only animals spine densities were lower than controls; here again, by P70 all groups had comparable hippocampal spine densities. In NAcc greater spine densities were seen on medium spiny neurons of C + anoxia animals on P35. These findings provide evidence that perinatal insult in the form of Cesarean birth with or without anoxia alters the dendritic development of PFC and hippocampal pyramidal neurons and to some extent also of NAcc medium spiny neurons. They also suggest that perinatal anoxia can alter the neuronal development of key structures thought to be affected in such late‐onset dopamine‐related disorders as schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1734–1747, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Growth of Co:ZnO/ZnO Core/Shell Colloidal Quantum Dots: Changes in Nanocrystal Size, Concentration and Dopant Coordination
Authors: Lommens Petra , Lambert Karel , Loncke Frank , De Muynck David , Balkan Timuçin , Vanhaecke Frank , Vrielinck Henk , Callens Freddy , Hens Zeger 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe report a synthesis route for the growth of Co:ZnO/ZnO core/shell quantum dots. This procedure consists of successive steps, comprising the addition of diluted precursor salt solutions, and heat treatment at 50 °C. By deriving a relation between the extinction coefficient at 250 nm and the nanocrystal diameter, we are able to monitor changes in quantum dot concentration during shell growth. We found that a mechanism based on the nucleation of new particles after salt addition and subsequent Ostwald ripening during the heat treatment is responsible for the shell growth. Based on ligand‐field absorption spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the Co2+ ions adsorbed at the surface of Co:ZnO quantum dots are incorporated inside the ZnO shells. Finally, EPR spectroscopy indicates that the surface‐adsorbed Co2+ ions can be incorporated as substitutional as well as interstitial Co2+ ions.
A DC/DC converter topology for renewable energy systems
Authors: Chiu Huang‐Jen , Yao Chun‐Jen , Lo Yu‐Kang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a DC/DC converter topology for renewable energy systems. The proposed DC/DC converter can be used to obtain a well‐regulated output voltage from low‐voltage power source, such as wind turbine, photovoltaic array, fuel cell, etc. It has the merits of high efficiency, low device stresses, and low current ripple. The operating principle, theoretical analysis, and design criteria are provided in this paper. A laboratory prototype was successfully implemented. The simulation and experimental results are given to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD40 ligation decreases its protein half‐lifeat the cell surface
Authors: Tucker Torry A. , Schwiebert Lisa M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractCD40 is expressed on a variety of tumors; anti‐CD40 agonists promote tumor cell apoptosis and subsequent tumor regression. Because the effectiveness of anti‐CD40‐ agonists is dependent upon CD40 surface expression, the current study examined ligation‐mediated changes in CD40 protein half‐life (t1/2) at the cell surface. This study utilized a CD40+ epithelial cell line (9HTEo‐), a CD40 null epithelial cell line (HT‐29) engineered to express either wild‐type (WT) or mutant (T254A, Q263A, E235A, Δ201) CD40, and the anti‐CD40 antibody G28.5. Ligation of endogenous CD40 expressed on 9HTEo‐ cells decreased CD40 surface protein t1/2 from 13 to 4 h (p <0.05). Ligation of WT‐, Q263A‐, or T254A‐CD40 expressed on engineered HT‐29 cells decreased CD40 surface protein t1/2 from an average of 8 to 4 h (p <0.05); T254A and Q263A contain mutated TNF receptor‐associated factor (TRAF)2/3‐binding sites. In contrast, ligation of E235A and Δ201‐CD40 had no affect on its surface protein t1/2 (p <0.05); E235A contains a mutated TRAF6‐binding site while Δ201 lacks an intact cytoplasmic tail. These results suggest that anti‐CD40 agonists decrease CD40 surface protein t1/2 via a mechanism that involves TRAF6 but not TRAF2/3. The therapeutic implications for CD40‐mediated tumor regression are discussed.
Preparation and X‐ray Structures of TiIV Complexes of Bis(carboxylato) Ligands – Formation of Mono‐, Di‐, Tetra‐, and Hexanuclear Complexes with or without OR and μ‐O Ligands
Authors: Shavit Michal , Tshuva Edit Y. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTreating the amine bis(carboxylato) ligand precursor pyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxylic acid (H2L1) with titanium tetra(isopropoxide) gave the mononuclear octacoordinate complex L12TiIV(dmf)2 (1), in which each carboxylato ligand binds in an η1 fashion and two solvent molecules are also coordinated to the metal. In contrast, employing the diamine bis(carboxylic acid) ligand precursor H2L2 gave a unique hexanuclear TiIV complex [TiIV6(OiPr)16(μ2‐OiPr)4(μ‐L2)2] (2), where L2 = (pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino diacetate. The crystal structure reveals that all TiIV atoms exhibit octahedral geometry, where both carboxylate and isopropoxide groups serve as bridging ligands. Surprisingly, no oxido ligands appear in the structure, which indicates that the complex, obtained at room temp., was not exposed to any traces of water. The diamine bis(carboxylato) ligand coordinates in η2 modes of both carboxyl groups to give a total of six coordination sites. Employing the same ligand with a slight change in reaction conditions, which included heating to 35 °C, led to the formation of two O‐bridged complexes: dinuclear [TiIV2(μ2‐O)(OiPr)2(L2)2] (3) and tetranuclear [TiIV4(μ2‐O)4(L2)4] (4), where each bis(carboxylato) ligand binds to a single Ti center in an η1 fashion, and the only bridging ligands are oxide groups, with Ti–O–Ti angles of 180.0° and 166.6° for 3 and 4, respectively, indicating π interactions in the dinuclear species. Employing a different diamine bis(carboxylato) ligand featuring a sequential connectivity of donor atoms allowed the identification of a mononuclear C2‐symmetrical bis(isopropoxido) complex, L3TiIV(OiPr)2, (5) where L3 = ethylenediamine diacetate. In 5, as opposed to 2 and similarly to 1, 4, and 5, the carboxylato ligand binds in an η1 fashion. Complexes 3, 4, and 5 are all inactive against ovarian OVCAR‐1 and colon HT‐29 cells. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Sequence of Metal‐Organic Oligomer‐Polymer Exchange Equilibria in Solution: Supramolecular Isomerism, Self‐Assembly Dynamics and Carboxylate Shift of Di‐n‐butyltin cis‐1,4‐Cyclohexanedicarboxylate
Authors: Hernández‐Ahuactzi Irán Fernando , Cruz‐Huerta Jorge , Barba Victor , Höpfl Herbert , Zamudio‐Rivera Luis S. , Beltrán Hiram I. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractDi‐n‐butyltin dichloride (nBu2SnCl2) was treated with the potassium salt of cis‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate (cis‐1,4‐chdcaK2) to give di‐n‐butyltin cis‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylate. In the solid state two supramolecular isomers coexist within the same crystal lattice, the 36‐membered macrocyclic tetranuclear complex [{nBu2Sn(cis‐1,4‐chdca)}4] and the analogous polymeric form [{nBu2Sn(cis‐1,4‐chdca)}n]. In solution, fast (on the NMR time scale) dynamic equilibria were detected. The supramolecular arrangement in the solid state consists of alternating macrocycle and polymer ribbons with different patterns of intermolecular Sn···O interactions that give rise to a total of four different types of supramolecular macrocyclic assemblies. They probably resemble local environments in the liquid phase and allow to propose a plausible mechanistic pathway for the ring‐chain rearrangement dynamics during which the macrocycle molecules are transformed into other macrocyclic and polymeric molecules.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Reinforced concrete beam–column joints with crossed inclined bars under cyclic deformations
Authors: Chalioris Constantin E. , Favvata Maria J. , Karayannis Chris G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis experimental study investigates the effectiveness of crossed inclined bars (X‐bars) as joint shear reinforcement in exterior reinforced concrete beam–column connections under cyclic deformations. Test results of 20 joint subassemblages with various reinforcement ratios and arrangements including X‐bars in the joint area are presented. The X‐type, non‐conventional reinforcement is examined as the only joint reinforcement and in combination with common stirrups or vertical bars. The experimental results reported herein include full loading cycle curves, energy dissipation values and a categorization of the observed damage modes. Based on the comparisons between the overall hysteretic responses of the tested specimens, it is deduced that joints with X‐bars exhibited enhanced cyclic performance and improved damage mode since a distinct flexural hinge was developed in the beam–joint interface. Further, the combination of crossed inclined bars and stirrups in joint area resulted in enhanced hysteretic response and excellent performance capabilities of the specimens. However, in some specimens with X‐bars as the only joint shear reinforcement, the deformations of the bent anchorage of the beam's bars caused considerable damages at the back of the joint area. Discussion for a potential replacement of the joint stirrups with X‐type reinforcement in some cases of exterior joints is also included. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability analysis of SDOF real‐time hybrid testing systems with explicit integration algorithms and actuator delay
Authors: Chen Cheng , Ricles James M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEarthquake Engng Struct. Dyn. 2007 (DOI: 10.1002/eqe.775)The above article (DOI: 10.1002/eqe.775) was published online on 10 December 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). A number of imperfections were subsequently identified and have been corrected below. The print publication will incorporate the amendments identified by this erratum notice.Figure 2 has been corrected as follows:
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Figure 6 has been corrected as follows:
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Figure 7 has been corrected as follows:
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Figure 8 has been corrected as follows:
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Figure 9 has been corrected as follows:
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Figure 10 has been corrected as follows:
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Decadal and century‐long changes in the reconstruction of erosive rainfall anomalies in a Mediterranean fluvial basin
Authors: Diodato N. , Ceccarelli M. , Bellocchi G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractRain erosivity is difficult to reconstruct for past periods due to the few long detailed instrumental series. This paper deals with the potential of written historical documents to reconstruct yearly erosive rain anomalies (differences between erosivity values and long‐term average). A detailed analysis was undertaken of the Calore River Basin (South Italy) erosive rainfall using data from 425‐year‐long series of both observations (1922–2004) and proxy‐based reconstructions (1580–1921).Annual erosivity was computed for the observational time based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) scheme, whilst documentary descriptions described the course of rain events for the previous times. A method was proposed that uses a weather index to account for the abundance of weather anomalies (rainfall extremes) as registered in historical documents. A model was developed to provide annual rain‐erosivity data comparable with the RUSLE scheme, using the weather index sum (June–October) and variance (January–December) and the annual precipitation amount as inputs. This model was applied to reconstruct annual rain‐erosivity anomalies for the pre‐modern instrumental time. A long continuous series of rain‐erosivity anomalies was produced by combining (and homogenizing) model‐reconstructed and RUSLE data, thus providing a range of natural variability in climate erosivity to detect the main changes from 1580 to 2004. The climate history of the Calore River Basin shows pronounced interdecadal variations, with multidecadal erosivity reflecting the mixed population of thermoconvective and cyclonic rainstorms with large anomalies. The so‐called Little Ice Age (16th to mid‐19th centuries) was identified as the stormiest period, with mixed rainstorm types and high frequency of floods and erosive rainfall. Important historical climate fluctuations were observed, but with a relevant smoothing in the last 150 years of the series. For the recent, warm period, investigations at higher time resolution are required to assess the seasonal changes of rain erosivity and their relationship to soil conservation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Information revelation in the futures market: Evidence from single stock futures
Authors: Shastri Kuldeep , Thirumalai Ramabhadran S. , Zutter Chad J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper analyzes 31 months of data on 137 single‐stock futures (SSFs) traded on OneChicago. The results indicate that on the days they trade, SSFs contribute approximately 24% of the price discovery for underlying stocks. Information revelation in the SSFs market decreases with the ratio of spreads in the futures and the stock markets and the volatility in the stock market. Moreover, the quality of the market for the underlying stocks improves substantially after the introduction of the SSFs market, with the largest improvement occurring on days with SSFs trading. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28:335– 353, 2008
Molecular mechanisms of death ligand‐mediated immune modulation: A gene therapy model to prolong islet survival in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Sanlioglu Ahter Dilsad , Griffith Thomas S. , Omer Abdulkadir , Dirice Ercument , Sari Ramazan , Altunbas Hasan Ali , Balci Mustafa Kemal , Sanlioglu Salih 
Published: February 2008

AbstractType 1 diabetes results from the T cell‐mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Islet transplantation has recently become a potential therapeutic approach for patients with type 1 diabetes. However, islet‐graft failure appears to be a challenging issue to overcome. Thus, complementary gene therapy strategies are needed to improve the islet‐graft survival following transplantation. Immune modulation through gene therapy represents a novel way of attacking cytotoxic T cells targeting pancreatic islets. Various death ligands of the TNF family such as FasL, TNF, and TNF‐Related Apoptosis‐Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) have been studied for this purpose. The over‐expression of TNF or FasL in pancreatic islets exacerbates the onset of type 1 diabetes generating lymphocyte infiltrates responsible for the inflammation. Conversely, the lack of TRAIL expression results in higher degree of islet inflammation in the pancreas. In addition, blocking of TRAIL function using soluble TRAIL receptors facilitates the onset of diabetes. These results suggested that contrary to what was observed with TNF or FasL, adenovirus mediated TRAIL gene delivery into pancreatic islets is expected to be therapeutically beneficial in the setting of experimental models of type 1 diabetes. In conclusion; this study mainly reveals the fundamental principles of death ligand‐mediated immune evasion in diabetes mellitus. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 710–720, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The pro‐osteogenic action of β‐catenin requires interaction with BMP signaling, but not Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity
Authors: Salazar Valerie S. , Mbalaviele Gabriel , Civitelli Roberto 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe role of β‐catenin in skeletal development and osteogenic cell differentiation is well established, but the molecular mechanisms attending these effects remain largely unknown. We conducted a structure/function analysis of β‐catenin to gain further insights on these mechanisms. Retroviral transduction of a full‐length, constitutively active β‐catenin mutant inhibited adipogenesis and stimulated osteoblast differentiation from multipotent embryonic fibroblasts (C3H10T1/2). However, N‐terminal truncated β‐catenin mutants with weak Tcf/Lef activity retained their pro‐osteogenic action, as did a constitutively stabilized mutant lacking the C‐terminal Tcf/Lef transactivation domain. Importantly, this Tcf/Lef‐defective β‐catenin did not suppress adipogenesis, and even elicited spontaneous adipogenesis when expressed in cells cultured in osteogenic conditions. Thus, Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity of β‐catenin is critical for inhibition of adipogenesis, while it is dispensable for its pro‐osteogenic effect. BMP‐2 greatly enhanced both osteogenesis and adipogenesis in the presence of the C‐terminally truncated mutant, though it selectively enhanced only osteoblast differentiation in cells transduced with the full‐length, Tcf/Lef active β‐catenin mutant. C3H10T1/2 cells produce BMP‐4, and inhibition of endogenous BMP signaling by Noggin curtailed osteogenic differentiation by constitutively active β‐catenin. Therefore, BMP signaling must be active for full induction by β‐catenin of osteogenic differentiation from multipotent precursors. These data suggest that cooperative interactions between β‐catenin and BMP signaling systems drive osteoblast cell fate specification and differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 942–952, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A proteomic study reveals the diversified distribution of plasma membrane‐associated proteins in rat hepatocytes
Authors: Li Xuanwen , Cao Jia , Jin Qihui , Xie Chunliang , He Quanyuan , Cao Rui , Xiong Jixian , Chen Ping , Wang Xianchun , Liang Songping 
Published: February 2008

AbstractTo investigate the heterogeneous protein composition of highly polarized hepatocyte plasma membrane (PM), three PM‐associated subfractions were obtained from freshly isolated rat hepatocytes using density gradient centrifugation. The origins of the three subfractions were determined by morphological analysis and western blotting. The proteins were subjected to either one‐dimensional (1‐D) SDS–PAGE or two‐dimensional (2‐D) benzyldimethyl‐n‐hexadecylammonium chloride (BAC)/SDS–PAGE before nano‐Liquid Chromatography‐Electrospray Ionization—tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS). A total of 613 non‐redundant proteins were identified, among which 371 (60.5%) proteins were classified as PM or membrane‐associated proteins according to GO annotations and the literatures and 32.4% had transmembrane domains. PM proteins from microsomal portion possessed the highest percentage of transmembrane domain, about 46.5% of them containing at least one transmembrane domain. In addition to proteins known to be located at polarized liver PM regions, such as asialoglycoprotein receptor 2, desmoplakin and bile salt export pump, several proteins which had the potential to become novel subfraction‐specific proteins were also identified, such as annexin a6, pannexin and radixin. Our analysis also evaluated the application of 1‐D SDS–PAGE and 2‐D 16‐BAC/SDS–PAGE on the separation of integral membrane proteins. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 965–984, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.