bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image retrieval behavior of medical students
Authors: Kamali Mona , Ashrafi-rizi Hasan , Afshar Mina 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The first step to properly designing image retrieval systems with the aim of meeting the needs of students and researchers is to be fully aware of their behavior in the face of these systems and image resources. The purpose of this study is to identify image retrieval behavior of medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study is an applied research that has been done by descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of this study is 816 general (clinical) medical students who are studying in the fourth and fifth years. Using Morgan and Krejcie table, the number of statistical sample members was 265 who were selected using random sampling method. Research data have been gathered using a questionnaire (researcher made) and then analyzed using SPSS22 software.

RESULTS:
The findings showed that 78.1% of students consider the use of images in class presentations or scientific reporting as the most important reason. According to 73.6% of respondents, the highest rate of image search is in the form of videos. About 76.2% of them consider general search engines to be the most common source for receiving images. For this purpose, only 3.8% of students refer to the librarians. Among the databases from which medical images can be obtained, the most well-known source was the Springer website, which 30.6% of respondents were familiar.

CONCLUSION:
The process of meeting the image-seeking needs is influenced by various individual, social, and other factors. This study can improve this process by providing the necessary suggestions to medical students, for eliminating barriers and problems in accessing reliable resources and visual information they require, to clarify the necessity of promoting technical knowledge to search accurately and to help for finding solutions to medical and treatment educational centers to have access to reliable and up-to-date information.
The effect of a nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and intake of foods high in fats in women
Authors: Zeynalzadeh Borjloo Fatemeh , Dehdari Tahereh , Abolghasemi Jamileh , Amiri Fatemehsadat , Vasheghani-Farahani Ali 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Given that many Iranian were interested in the consumption of foods that are high in fats, the present study was done to determine the effect of a nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude, and intake of foods high in fat among a sample of women in Tehran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this quasi-experimental study, 92 female referrals to the health houses affiliated to Tehran municipal were selected and assigned to either intervention (n = 46) or control (n = 46) groups. Information (data) regarding women's knowledge, attitude, and practice in terms of foods rich in fat intake was collected by three questionnaires. Then, a nutrition education intervention included four 40–60 min training sessions over 4 weeks was designed and conducted to the study participants in the intervention group. Two groups were followed up 2 months after the intervention. Finally, all data were analyzed by using the independent-samples t-tests, Student's paired-samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis on the R software (version 6.3.2).

RESULTS:
The results showed that there were significant reductions in a positive attitude towards food with high fat content and intake of these foods in the intervention group compared with the control group after the intervention (P < 0.001). Furthermore, following the intervention, the intervention group reported a significant increase in dietary fat nutrition knowledge than the control group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Developing nutrition education interventions is an effective strategy for reducing the consumption of foods rich in fat in Iranian women.
Lifestyle intervention for gestational diabetes prevention in rural woman of Shoush city
Authors: Karimipour Zahra , Sharifi Nasibeh , Seydkhani Hossein , Sayadi Hojat , Jalilian Mohsen 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Physical activity and nutrition interventions are the most important ways to prevent gestational diabetes. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of healthy lifestyle intervention to promote preventive behaviors of gestational diabetes in the rural woman of Shoush city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In an experimental study, 60 pregnant women were selected using simple random sampling and allocate into intervention group (n = 30) and nutrition program. The study was conducted from September to June 2018. The data were collected in baseline and 1 month and 3 months of follow-up phase and were analyzed using Chi-square test, repeated-measure test, and generalized linear model (GLM). The α = 0.05 was considered as significance.

RESULTS:
The mean age in the intervention and control group was 25.9 ± 5.6 and 27.2 ± 5.9, respectively. The GLM test showed a significant increase in the physical activity level and the mean of nutrition behaviors within the intervention group over time (P = 0.013). Further, based on the results of repeated-measure test, the mean of weekly MET-minute was increased in the intervention group in comparison to the control group at 1 month and 3 months of follow-up (P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:
The lifestyle interventions are appropriate programs to the reduction of the risk of development of gestational diabetes in pregnant women.
The effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center
Authors: Dafei Maryam , Jahanbazi Fateme , Nazari Farahnaz , Dehcheshmeh Faranak Safdari , Dehghani Ali 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Quality of relationship marital status affects all aspects of family functioning, including sustainability of cohabit living, supporting children, and happiness of couples. This study was conducted to examine the effect of group cognitive-behavioral counseling on optimism and self-esteem of women during the 1st month of marriage that referring to marriage counseling center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A semi-experimental study was designed by a test, posttest, and follow-up. Participants consisted of 30 women admitted to premarriage counseling center of Farsan city in 2018 with using purposive sampling by random numbers’ table into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in eight consecutive 2-h group counseling sessions. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and optimism designed by Mir Ahmadi (reliability and validity are calculated and was 0.96) and completed in three rounds. Women's self-esteem retested was done after 1 month. Data were analyzed with independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA (significance level <0.005). Quantitative variables were analyzed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.

RESULTS:
There were no significant differences between optimism scores in the experimental (M = 150.47, standard deviation [SD] = 22.07) and control groups (M = 149.2, SD = 21.54) prior to intervention (P = 0.875). The mean optimism score was significantly different in intervention (M = 169.33, SD = 17.01) and control (M = 147.2, SD = 22.22) groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.005) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.002, M = 171.08, SD = 17.98). The mean self-esteem scores were statistically significant in both groups immediately after counseling (P = 0.023, I: M = 37.06, SD = 8.69, C: M = 31.4, SD = 4.83) and 1 month after counseling (P = 0.028, I: M = 34.73, SD = 4.93, C: M = 30.06, SD = 4.8).

CONCLUSION:
Cognitive-behavioral counseling enhances women's optimism by emphasizing the training of communication and conflict resolution skills, which leads to positive attitude and life satisfaction. Therefore, using cognitive-behavioral counseling in marriage counseling sessions can improve couples’ relationships.
Transition from physical to virtual classroom amidst COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Chopra Jyoti , Rani Anita , Chopra Shloak , Manik Punita , Singh Rana Ravneesh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Among the COVID crisis, medical education is forced to shift to the virtual mode, for which neither the students nor the teachers are prepared. Currently, we replaced traditional classroom teaching (CT) by live online classes (LOC), power-point presentations with voiceovers (UPV), or only power point presentations (UP). Uncertainty of this situation necessitates analysis of the experiences of its stakeholders to improve the implemented online teaching methodologies in coming time. The present study aims to analyze and compare the effectiveness of online teaching methodologies among themselves and against traditional CT.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional, survey based, observational study was conducted on 250 MBBS first year students after 1 month of implementation of online teaching program. Responses were collected on Likert scaling from 1 to 5, and data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, ANOVA with multiple comparisons post hoc Turkey test, and an independent t-test.

RESULTS:
The students perceived that the understanding, convenience for attending class, notes-taking, visibility, audibility, raising queries and overall experience was best in traditional setup. The understanding of the topic and overall experience of the students was not affected by gender. Internet connectivity problem popped up as the major issue that adversely affected the online teaching experience.

CONCLUSIONS:
Majority of students perceived that the traditional CT is best, but at the same time, they felt that a combination of live online classes and power point presentations with voice over can replace the traditional online classes.
Notifiable diseases interoperable framework toward improving Iran public health surveillance system
Authors: Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi , Valipour Ali Asghar , Zahedi Atefeh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Direct transmission of notifiable disease information in a real-time and reliable way to public health decision-makers is imperative for early identification of epidemiological trends as well as proper response to potential pandemic like ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. Thus, this research aimed to develop of semantic-sharing and collaborative-modeling to meet the information exchange requirements of Iran's notifiable diseases surveillance system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
First, the Iran's Notifiable diseases Minimum Data Set (INMDS) was determined according to a literature review coupled with agreements of experts. Then the INMDS was mapped to international terminologies and classification systems, and the Health Level seven-Clinical Document Architecture (HL7-CDA) standard was leveraged to define the exchangeable and machine-readable data formats.

RESULTS:
A core dataset consisting of 15 classes and 96 data fields was defined. Data elements and response values were mapped to Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) reference terminology. Then HL7-CDA standard for interoperable data exchange were defined.

CONCLUSION:
The notifiable disease surveillance requires an integrative participation of multidisciplinary team. In this field, data interoperability is more essential due to the heterogeneous nature of health information systems. Developing of INMDS based on HL7-CDA along with SNOMED-CT codes offers an inclusive and interoperable dataset that can help make notifiable diseases data more comparable and reportable across studies and organizations. The proposed data model will be further modifications in the future according probable changes in Iran's notifiable diseases list.
Evaluation of psychometric properties of the maastricht upper extremity questionnaire (MUEQ) in iranian computer users
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad , Kamalikhah Tahereh , Salesi Mahmood , Rahmati Fatemeh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Measurement of the essential risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders is a fundamental step in predicting the problem and identifying high-risk individuals. In this regard, Maastricht upper extremity questionnaire (MUEQ) has not been validated in Iran. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable Persian version of MUEQ.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this descriptive study, the computer users employed in a governmental informatics administration in Tehran, Iran, were included during the end of 2018 and early 2019. Face and content validity of the MUEQ was conducted, and a six-part questionnaire was provided. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's α and test–retest. Concurrent validity was assessed with Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, comparison test of independent mean, internal consistency coefficient, test–retest, and Pearson correlation were carried out using the AMOS and SPSS 22 software.

RESULTS:
Participants consisted of 282 computer users (110 males) with a mean age of 35.17 ± 7.65 years. The mean duration of computer use in a working day was 6.68 ± 2.10 h with a range of 1–12 h. The most prevalent symptoms were existed in the neck (39.1%), back (31.0%), and lower back (30.3%) areas. KMO test and Bartlett's test of sphericity showed that a significant correlation existed among questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire varied from 0.61 to 0.83 and test–retest coefficient was higher than 0.7. Correlation coefficient was between NMQ and body posture (r = 0.23, P = 0.004) and between NMQ and work environment (r = 0.28, P = 0.000). Evaluations related to the construct validity and concurrent validity demonstrated that the questionnaire has acceptable construct validity. Six factors of the MUEQ in Root Mean Squared Error Approximation (RMSEA) index (0.062) were acceptable and satisfactory in Parsimony Comparative Fit Index (PCFI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Normed Fit Index (NFI), and Parsimony Goodness of Fit Index (PGFI) (0.732, 0.8000, 0.680, and 0.680, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
The Persian version of the MUEQ represented a satisfactory validity and reliability and was suitable for computer users in the assessment of their risk factors of musculoskeletal complaints.
Existential anxiety amid COVID-19 pandemic in Kashmir
Authors: Ain Syed Najmul , Gilani Syed Nasir Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Existential anxiety (EA) revolves around the question of ultimate concern related to life and death. It gets more prominent when there is an exposure to stressful experiences where the stress is profound and resources seem insufficient. The objective was to measure the prevalence and magnitude of EA in the study population from the Kashmir valley during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through social media. All the participants belonging to the Kashmir valley were included. EA questionnaire developed by Weems et al. was used.

RESULTS:
A total of 132 subjects were included. The prevalence of EA concerns was death 55%, fate 62%, emptiness 73%, meaninglessness 32%, guilt 55%, and condemnation 64%. The mean EA score was 5.0. EA was higher in those who had been diagnosed with mental illness ever in their life by a psychiatrist than those who had no such history. EA score was much higher in those who had ever felt a need to visit a psychiatrist than those who had not. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean scores of EA for those who never felt this need and those who felt this need since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSION:
There was a high prevalence of EA in the study population from the Kashmir valley. Relative concerns were more prevalent than absolute concerns. EA score was higher among those who had mental health issues compared to others.
Evaluation of Elderly's Integrated Healthcare components in primary healthcare centers of Tehran, Iran
Authors: Ziaeefar Hajar , Tajvar Maryam , Yaseri Mehdi , Pourreza Abolghasem 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Over the past few decades, significant demographic and epidemiological changes have been occurred and led to serious changes in the health-care needs of the elderly. Integrated care has been emerged as a strategy to provide better care for the elderly in the community. The aim of this study was conducted to evaluate components of integrated health-care program of the elderly.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran (Iran) in 2019. For the purpose of the study, a two-stage cluster sampling method was employed. In the firs stage, primary health-care centers were selected, then in the second stage, a systematic random sampling was conducted based on the number of the elderly covered by each center. level of frailty, medication use awareness, and self-care ability were evaluated by the elderly self-report questionnaire. The questionnaire was piloted with thirty respondents. The test–retest reliability score for the questionnaire was r = 0.795, P < 0.001. Data analysis of the questionnaire was conducted using generalized estimating equation model by SPSS software Version 22. Statistical significance for all analyses was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS:
Findings of the components showed that the mean ± standard deviation of frailty (80 ± 17) and self-care ability (87 ± 17) were higher than the mean of medication use awareness (49 ± 19). Frailty and self-care ability (β = frailty, self-care) of the elderly had a positive statistical significance with the ones with good financial status (β = 5, 10) and without chronic disease (β = 4, 5). Medication use awareness had a negative statistical significance with illiteracy (β = −9.5).

CONCLUSIONS:
It is suggested that the medication use awareness of the elderly should be prioritized by improving integrated health-care program.
Medical students’ perspective on online teaching during pandemic
Authors: Kala Pooja Sharma , Thapliyal Naveen , Pandey Hari Shankar , Piyush A. R. , Maheshwari Sonam , Chaudhary Vikram Singh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 pandemic has forced medical education to undergo sudden metamorphosis from the traditional face-to-face education to distance online learning. This transition was dealt with a lot of infrastructure and technical difficulties from both teacher and learner ends, especially in a developing country like India. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing students’ perspective and problems faced in the live online teaching.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective longitudinal study conducted on medical students enrolled in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd years of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery courses at a government medical college located in hilly state Uttarakhand, India. Clearance from the institutional ethical committee was obtained. The students were invited to voluntarily participate in online survey by filling Google Forms which was E-mailed as well as shared in social media platform. A total of 237 medical students participated. The first survey was conducted at the time of initiation of online mode of teaching, during May 1–7, 2020, and second, after completion of 6 months of regular online teaching, during November 1–7, 2020. The questionnaire comprised initial section on demographic details and consent followed by 27 and 30 sets of statements pertaining to online medical education experience in the first and second questionnaires, respectively. A 5-point Likert scale was used. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24.0. Chi-square test was applied for association, and P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
A total of 237 students participated in the study. The response rate was 52.7%. Majority of respondents had suitable devices (89.1%) and Internet facilities (62%) for online classes. The students accepted the new method of teaching very well, but for practical sessions and clinics, traditional classes were necessary. Long screen time, lack of student–teacher interaction, and interaction with peers were major concerns of students. However, over the study period, the availability of resources, friendliness toward technology, and inclination toward virtual classes increased.

CONCLUSIONS:
The pandemic has introduced to a new normal where online teaching cannot be ignored. Despite challenges faced during online learning, 65.5% of students preferred hybrid teaching in future for delivering medical education. Acceptance for online education by students increased over time in the study.
Exploring the occupational health needs of oncology nurses
Authors: Soheili Mozhgan , Jokar Fariba , Eghbali-Babadi Maryam , Sharifi Mehran , Taleghani Fariba 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Although the work environment of oncology nurses is highly complex and challenging, their occupational health needs are scarcely studied. This study aimed to explore the occupational health needs of oncology nurses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This qualitative descriptive study was conducted in 2018–2019. The participants consisted of 52 oncology nurses and 11 other key informants. They were chosen from eight cancer treatment centers in different cities of Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis.

RESULTS:
The occupational health needs of oncology nurses were grouped into three main categories included needs for self-care, development of professional competency, and a safe and healthy work environment.

CONCLUSION:
The work environment of oncology nurses needs to be optimized in terms of physical, psychological, organizational, and sociocultural conditions. Furthermore, the necessary measures should be taken to encourage oncology nurses to implement self-care, thus creating the preparedness to face the challenges of the workplace by developing their professional competencies.
Medical students’ perception on the usefulness of online formative assessment
Authors: Mondal Himel , Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Samantaray Ritushri , Mondal Shaikat 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Distance digital learning is newly implemented in the Indian medical institutions. Formative assessment is also conducted online. In this context, this study aimed at finding the perception on the usefulness of online formative assessment along with online classes among 1st-year medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in August 2020. The students were exposed to online classes and online formative assessments with five multiple choice questions for a period of 4 months before the conduct of the survey. An online survey was conducted (both quantitative and qualitative data collection) to ascertain the perception on the online formative assessment quiz.

RESULTS:
A total of 36 (14 female, 21 male, 1 did not disclose sex) 1st-year medical students with a mean age of 19.97 ± 1.16 years participated in the survey. The majority of the students agreed that the online quiz was a valuable learning activity and has potential to replace the face-to-face assessment. The online quizzes provided them feedback of classroom learning and helped in identifying the weak area and motivated students to the study. The qualitative data showed that students like to get a greater number of questions and also like to participate in chapter wise multiple quizzes in spare time.

CONCLUSION:
First-year medical students considered the online formative assessments quiz coupled with the online classes as a valuable learning activity. It provided them feedback of learning and a motivation for further study on the topic. They like to participate in anonymous quiz with a greater number of questions with online classes. The finding of this pilot study should be further evaluated with multicenter study with more participants.