bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete DPYD genotyping combined with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase phenotyping to prevent fluoropyrimidine toxicity: A retrospective study
Authors: De Metz Côme , Hennart Benjamin , Aymes Estelle , Cren Pierre‐Yves , Martignène Niels , Penel Nicolas , Barthoulot Maël , Carnot Aurélien 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn April 2019, French authorities mandated dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) screening, specifically testing uracilemia, to mitigate the risk of toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy. However, this subject is still of debate as there is no consensus on a standardized DPD deficiency screening test. We conducted a real‐life retrospective study with the aim of assessing the impact of DPD screening on the occurrence of severe toxicity and exploring the potential benefits of complete genotyping using next‐generation sequencing.MethodsAll adult patients consecutively treated with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) or its oral prodrug at six cancer centers between March 2018 and February 2019 were considered for inclusion. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency screening included gene encoding DPD (DPYD) genotyping using complete genome sequencing and DPD phenotyping (uracilemia or dihydrouracilemia/uracilemia ratio) or both tests. Associations between each DPD screening method and (i) severe (grade ≥3) early toxicity and (ii) fluoropyrimidine dose reduction in the second chemotherapy cycle were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we assessed the concordance between DPD genotype and phenotype using Cohen's kappa.ResultsA total of 551 patients were included. Most patients were tested for DPD deficiency (86%) including DPYD genotyping only (6%), DPD phenotyping only (8%), or both (72%). Complete DPD deficiency was not detected in the study population. Severe early toxicity events were observed in 73 patients (13%), with two patients (0.30%) presenting grade 5 toxicity. Despite the numerically higher toxicity rate in untested patients, the occurrence of severe toxicity was not significantly associated with the DPD screening method (p = 0.69). Concordance between the DPD genotype and phenotype was weak (Cohen's kappa of 0.14).ConclusionDue to insufficient numbers, our study was not able to demonstrate any added value of DPYD genotyping using complete genome sequencing to prevent 5‐FU toxicity. The optimal strategy for DPD screening before fluoropyrimidine‐based chemotherapy requires further clinical evaluation.
Nomogram for predicting pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer: Data from a phase III clinical trial
Authors: Shao Han , Li Nai , Ling Yi‐hong , Wang Ji‐jin , Fang Yi , Jing Ming , Zhou Zhi‐wei , Zhang Yu‐jing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to establish a nomogram using routinely available clinicopathological parameters to predict the pathological response in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) undergoing neoadjuvant treatment.Materials and MethodsWe conducted this study based on the ongoing Neo‐CRAG trial, a prospective study focused on preoperative treatment in patients with LAGC. A total of 221 patients who underwent surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) at Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center between June 2013 and July 2022 were included in the analysis. We defined complete or near‐complete pathological regression and ypN0 as good response (GR), and determined the prognostic value of GR by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Eventually, a nomogram for predicting GR was developed based on statistically identified predictors through multivariate logistic regression analysis and internally validated by the bootstrap method.ResultsGR was confirmed in 54 patients (54/221, 24.4%). Patients who achieved GR had a longer progression‐free survival and overall survival. Then, five independent factors, including pretreatment tumor differentiation, clinical T stage, monocyte count, CA724 level, and the use of nCRT, were identified. Based on these predictors, the nomogram was established with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.777 (95% CI, 0.705–0.850) and a bias‐corrected AUC of 0.752.ConclusionA good pathological response after neoadjuvant treatment was associated with an improved prognosis in LAGC patients. The nomogram we established exhibits a high predictive capability for GR, offering potential value in devising personalized and precise treatment strategies for LAGC patients.
Supramolecular Handshakes: Characterization of Urea‐Carboxylate Interactions Within Calixarene Frameworks
Authors: Cvetnić M. , Cindro N. , Topić E. , Bregović N. , Tomišić V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe research of molecular capsules offers high application potential and numerous benefits in various fields. With the aim of forming supramolecular capsules which can be reversibly assembled and dissociated by simple external stimuli, we studied interactions between calixarenes containing urea and carboxylate moieties. To this end two ureido‐derivatives of p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene comprising phenylureido‐moieties and diacetate‐calix[4]arenes were prepared. The binding of acetate by ureido‐derivatives of calixarene in acetonitrile was characterized, revealing high affinity of ureido‐calixarenes for carboxylates. This suggested high potential for uniting the complementary calix[4]arenes via H‐bonds between carboxylic groups and urea moieties. The assembly of calixarenes was examined in detail by means of UV, 1H NMR, ITC, DOSY, MS, and conductometry providing insight in the structure‐stability relationship. The tetraureido‐calixarene derivative formed the most stable heterodimers with diacetate‐calix[4]arenes featuring practically quantitative association upon mixing the two calixarene counterparts. The possibility of controlling the formation of the heterodimer by protonating the carboxylates, thereby hindering the interactions critical for capsule assembly, was investigated. Indeed, the reversibility of breaking and re‐forming the heterodimer by addition of an acid and base to the solution containing urea‐ and carboxylate‐derivative calix[4]arene was demonstrated using NMR spectroscopy.
Cerium Doping‐Induced Enrichment of Ni3S4 Phase for Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Gao Chang , Pan Lu , Wang Hong , Guo Hui , Melhi Saad , Amin Mohammed A. , Lin Jianjian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of low‐cost transition metal compounds with high‐performance for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance in promoting the development of electrocatalysis. In this study, a Ce‐doped Ni3S4 catalyst (Ce0.2−Ni3S4) was synthesized through a one‐step solvothermal method, where the doped rare earth element Ce induced the transformation of NiS to Ni3S4. The Ce0.2−Ni3S4 catalyst exhibited excellent OER performance in 1 M KOH. At a current density of 10 mA cm−2, it showed a low overpotential of 230 mV and a low Tafel slope of 52.39 mV dec−1. Long‐term OER tests at the same potential lasted for 24 h without significant loss of current density. This work introduces a novel method of Ce element doping for modifying transition metal sulfides, providing new insights into the effective utilization of rare earth elements in the field of electrochemistry. It creates more chances for the progress of highly efficient catalysts for efficient OER, contributing to the advancement of electrocatalysis.
An oocyte‐specific Cas9‐expressing mouse for germline CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing
Authors: Lanza Denise G. , Mao Jianqiang , Lorenzo Isabel , Liao Lan , Seavitt John R. , Ljungberg M. Cecilia , Simpson Elizabeth M. , DeMayo Francesco J. , Heaney Jason D. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryCas9 transgenes can be employed for genome editing in mouse zygotes. However, using transgenic instead of exogenous Cas9 to produce gene‐edited animals creates unique issues including ill‐defined transgene integration sites, the potential for prolonged Cas9 expression in transgenic embryos, and increased genotyping burden. To overcome these issues, we generated mice harboring an oocyte‐specific, Gdf9 promoter driven, Cas9 transgene (Gdf9‐Cas9) targeted as a single copy into the Hprt1 locus. The X‐linked Hprt1 locus was selected because it is a defined integration site that does not influence transgene expression, and breeding of transgenic males generates obligate transgenic females to serve as embryo donors. Using microinjections and electroporation to introduce sgRNAs into zygotes derived from transgenic dams, we demonstrate that Gdf9‐Cas9 mediates genome editing as efficiently as exogenous Cas9 at several loci. We show that genome editing efficiency is independent of transgene inheritance, verifying that maternally derived Cas9 facilitates genome editing. We also show that paternal inheritance of Gdf9‐Cas9 does not mediate genome editing, confirming that Gdf9‐Cas9 is not expressed in embryos. Finally, we demonstrate that off‐target mutagenesis is equally rare when using transgenic or exogenous Cas9. Together, these results show that the Gdf9‐Cas9 transgene is a viable alternative to exogenous Cas9.
Plant species within Streptanthoid Complex associate with distinct microbial communities that shift to be more similar under drought
Authors: Igwe Alexandria N. , Pearse Ian S. , Aguilar Jessica M. , Strauss Sharon Y. , Vannette Rachel L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProlonged water stress can shift rhizoplane microbial communities, yet whether plant phylogenetic relatedness or drought tolerance predicts microbial responses is poorly understood. To explore this question, eight members of the Streptanthus clade with varying affinity to serpentine soil were subjected to three watering regimes. Rhizoplane bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and we compared the impact of watering treatment, soil affinity, and plant species identity on bacterial alpha and diversity. We determined which taxa were enriched among drought treatments using DESeq2 and identified features of soil affinity using random forest analysis. We show that water stress has a greater impact on microbial community structure than soil affinity or plant identity, even within a genus. Drought reduced alpha diversity overall, but plant species did not strongly differentiate alpha diversity. Watering altered the relative abundance of bacterial genera within Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Acidobacteria, which responded similarly in the rhizoplane of most plant species. In addition, bacterial communities were more similar when plants received less water. Pseudarthrobacter was identified as a feature of affinity to serpentine soil while Bradyrhizobium, Chitinophaga, Rhodanobacter, and Paenibacillus were features associated with affinity to nonserpentine soils among Streptanthus. The homogenizing effect of drought on microbial communities and the increasing prevalence of Gram‐negative bacteria across all plant species suggest that effects of water stress on root‐associated microbiome structure may be predictable among closely related plant species that inhabit very different soil environments. The functional implications of observed changes in microbiome composition remain to be studied.
A marine heatwave changes the stabilizing effects of biodiversity in kelp forests
Authors: Liang Maowei , Lamy Thomas , Reuman Daniel C. , Wang Shaopeng , Bell Tom W. , Cavanaugh Kyle C. , Castorani Max C. N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiodiversity can stabilize ecological communities through biological insurance, but climate and other environmental changes may disrupt this process via simultaneous ecosystem destabilization and biodiversity loss. While changes to diversity–stability relationships (DSRs) and the underlying mechanisms have been extensively explored in terrestrial plant communities, this topic remains largely unexplored in benthic marine ecosystems that comprise diverse assemblages of producers and consumers. By analyzing two decades of kelp forest biodiversity survey data, we discovered changes in diversity, stability, and their relationships at multiple scales (biological organizational levels, spatial scales, and functional groups) that were linked with the most severe marine heatwave ever documented in the North Pacific Ocean. Moreover, changes in the strength of DSRs during/after the heatwave were more apparent among functional groups than both biological organizational levels (population vs. ecosystem levels) and spatial scales (local vs. broad scales). Specifically, the strength of DSRs decreased for fishes, increased for mobile invertebrates and understory algae, and were unchanged for sessile invertebrates during/after the heatwave. Our findings suggest that biodiversity plays a key role in stabilizing marine ecosystems, but the resilience of DSRs to adverse climate impacts primarily depends on the functional identities of ecological communities.
Polymorphism and White Light Emission of 1‐Bromo‐3,5,7‐triphenyladamantane Compared with 1,3,5,7‐Tetraphenyladamantane
Authors: Gowrisankar Saravanan , Fokin Andrey A. , Becker Jonathan , Mathew Neeshma , Schmedt auf der Günne Jörn , Schreiner Peter R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHere we report our investigation of 1‐bromo‐3,5,7‐triphenyladamantane (1) and the elucidation of polymorphic crystals (1 A and 1 B) using single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the monoclinic crystal system of 1 A (P21/n), we observed CH–π interactions, while Br⋅⋅⋅Br interactions are absent. Conversely, the Br⋅⋅⋅Br interactions are an apparent factor in the formation of the monoclinic crystal system of 1 B (R
). We compare our findings with 1,3,5,7‐tetraphenyladamantane (2), characterized by numerous CH–π interactions in the solid. Computational analyses were employed to investigate the interactions within the characteristic dimers present in the unit cells of 1 A and 1 B, including visualization of noncovalent interactions and the use of the atoms‐in‐molecules approach as well as MO analyses. These support the notion of London dispersion (LD) dimer‐dimer interactions in 1 A between the phenyl moieties, whereas 1 B exhibits additional dimer‐dimer Br⋅⋅⋅Br contacts. In contrast, the crystals of 2 are exclusively held together by CH–π stacking LD interactions, a feature absent in the polymorphs of 1. Both polymorphic forms of 1 emit white light when subjected to 900 nm continuous wave laser irradiation, displaying a subtle blue shift compared to 2. The absence of CH–π stacking interactions between the dimers of 1 causes a small red‐shift in the emission spectrum.
The impact of advice uncertainty and individual regulatory modes on advice taking
Authors: Du Xiufang , He Ruiqi , Wang Yating , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn previous research on advice taking, researchers have mainly focused on certain types of advice. However, in practice, when people give advice to others, there is often a degree of uncertainty (e.g. I think that the distance between Beijing and Shanghai is between 800 and 1200 km). To date, only a few studies have examined the impact of uncertain advice on advice taking. Through two studies, the present research explores the influence of advice uncertainty and individuals’ regulatory mode predominance on advice taking and the mediating mechanism. In Study 1, the participants' chronic regulatory mode was measured by a questionnaire, and in Study 2, we induced the predominance of the participants’ situational regulatory mode using a recall task. We found that people are more likely to adopt advice with low uncertainty. The moderating effect of participants' regulatory mode on the impact of advice uncertainty on advice taking occurs only when the regulatory mode is induced by the situation. For the assessment‐predominant group, there was a significant difference between the no‐uncertainty group and the high‐uncertainty group, while for the locomotion‐predominant group, this difference was not significant. Additionally, our study revealed the mediating role of advice reliability, which existed only when the participants were able to compare low‐ and no‐uncertainty advice in a within‐participant design. That is, when decision makers adopt uncertainty advice within ranges, they not only consider reliability but also weigh multiple factors. Our findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying individuals' preferences for uncertain advice and reasoning about individual differences.
Effect of microwave pretreatment on truffle solar drying from an energetic perspective
Authors: Tagnamas Zakaria , Idlimam Ali , Lamharrar Abdelkader 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDrying, an age‐old method of food preservation, involves the concurrent exchange of heat and mass, resulting in reduced moisture content. The current study is based on experimental approach to evaluate the impact of combined microwave and solar drying on the drying kinetics and the energy efficiency of truffle drying. This study explores the impact of a 4‐min microwave pretreatment on the solar drying of truffle slices. The findings demonstrate that microwave treatment significantly reduces the time required for solar drying. When compared to solar drying without pretreatment, microwave treatment leads to a reduction in drying time ranging from 23.07% to 70.37% at temperatures between 50 and 80°C. The Midilli–Kucuk model is employed to elucidate the experimental results, revealing strong fits with high correlation coefficients and low standard error values. Microwave pretreatment enhances the drying rate of truffle slices, resulting in a higher effective moisture diffusivity compared to untreated slices. The activation energy for drying also decreases from 76.37 to 25.25 kJ/mol after microwave pretreatment. An energy analysis of the drying process underscores that elevating the drying air temperature reduces energy consumption. Furthermore, the proposed microwave pretreatment influences the energy efficiency of the drying process.
The importance of public engagement in clinical xenotransplantation
Authors: Hurst Daniel J. , Cooper David K. C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver the past several decades, significant scientific progress in xenotransplantation has brought the field to the threshold of clinical trials. In the past 3 years in the United States, experimental pig kidney and heart xenotransplantation have been performed on human subjects recently declared dead by neurological criteria (decedents). In addition, two pig heart transplants have been carried out in living patients under the United States Food and Drug Administration's expanded access guidelines. However, though there has been a flurry of activity there remain unanswered questions regarding how the public views xenotransplantation, what concerns may exist, and how to address these concerns in a meaningful way. This paper aims to underscore the importance of public engagement in xenotransplantation, emphasizing the ongoing need for studies to assess public opinions. The current evidence on public engagement studies is reviewed and gaps in our understanding are identified. We propose practical steps to advance this field. Additional studies to determine the extent of racial/ethnic differences in attitudes to xenotransplantation should be conducted. Empirical and descriptive analysis of certain religious viewpoints—especially minority faiths—would be valuable. As public engagement is an important aspect of public acceptance of novel research that is accompanied by risk, we suggest that xenotransplantation biotechnology companies might consider leading the way in funding this research.
Deep learning convolutional neural network ResNet101 and radiomic features accurately analyzes mpMRI imaging to predict MGMT promoter methylation status with transfer learning approach
Authors: Shim Seong‐O , Hussain Lal , Aziz Wajid , Alshdadi Abdulrahman A. , Alzahrani Abdulrahman , Omar Abdulfattah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccurate brain tumor classification is crucial for enhancing the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of glioblastoma patients. We employed the ResNet101 deep learning method with transfer learning to analyze the 2021 Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Brain Tumor challenge dataset. This dataset comprises four structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences: fluid‐attenuated inversion‐recovery (FLAIR), T1‐weighted pre‐contrast (T1w), T1‐weighted post‐contrast (T1Gd), and T2‐weighted (T2). We assessed the model's performance using standard evaluation metrics. The highest performance to detect MGMT methylation status for patients suffering glioblastoma was an accuracy (85.48%), sensitivity (80.64%), specificity (90.32%). Whereas classification performance with no tumor was yielded with accuracy (85.48%), sensitivity (90.32%), specificity (80.64%). The radiomic features (74) computed with ensembled Bagged Tree and relief feature selection method (30/74) improved the validation accuracy of 84.3% and AUC of 0.9038 to detect. O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status in glioblastoma patients holds promise for optimizing treatment planning and prognosis. By understanding MGMT methylation status, clinicians can make informed decisions about treatment strategies, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes.
A 50‐year content analysis on Black males' experiences in counseling
Authors: Shannon Jordan , Green Darius A. , White Dwayne , Beauduy Guy J. , Rosser Avery 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe view of Black male identities has historically been distorted. Traditionally, it has reflected the dehumanization of Black males through the lens of criminality and lacking dignity. However, in a similar fashion, little is known about the Black males in counseling, due to simultaneous under examination in empirical literature. Therefore, the researchers conducted a content analysis on the family of American Counseling Association and affiliate journals to observe the current state of scholarship on Black males’ experiences with counseling. Using an intersectional lens to the approach, our review yielded 102 articles on Black males' experiences with counseling published between 1972 and 2022. Implications for culturally responsive practices and counselor education are further discussed.