bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comprehensive Review: Exploring Future Potential of Nasopulmonary Drug Delivery Systems for Nasal Route Drug Administration
Authors: Pal Rahul , Pandey Prachi , Koli Manju , Srivastava Khushi , Tiwari Vaisanavi , Gaur Aman Kumar , Dutta Prottay 
Published: March 2024

This comprehensive review aims to explore the future potential of nasopulmonary drug delivery systems for the administration of drugs through the nasal route. Nasal drug delivery has gained significant attention due to its numerous advantages, including rapid absorption, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, and non-invasive administration. This review provides an overview of the nasal anatomy and physiology, highlighting the factors influencing drug absorption and bioavailability. Additionally, it discusses the various types of nasopulmonary drug delivery systems, such as nasal sprays, powders, and gels, along with their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, the review delves into the challenges associated with nasal drug delivery, including mucociliary clearance, nasal irritation, and formulation issues. The potential applications of nasopulmonary drug delivery systems in the treatment of various diseases, such as allergies, respiratory disorders, and systemic conditions, are also discussed. Finally, the review concludes with an outlook on the future prospects of nasopulmonary drug delivery systems, emphasising the need for further research and development to optimise their efficacy and safety.
Keywords: nasal pulmonary; nasal spray; nasal mucosa; gels; drops; nasal approaches; nasal route; nasal delivery.
Blood Pressure in Relation to Age and Gender
Authors: Hussainy Syed Areefulla , Shereen Shaima 
Published: March 2024

Hypertension is a disease defined as persistently elevated arterial blood pressure (BP) with systolic blood pressure of less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of less than 80 mm Hg. Age is one the most common predictor and non-modifiable risk factor of hypertension. Hypertension is more common among older adults than adults of 40-59 years of age. Gender is another common non-modifiable risk factor of hypertension. On average, hypertension is more common among men than in women. A Prospective observational study was carried out where all the patients of either sex attending general medicine department with established hypertension above 35 years of age were included. A Chi-square test was used to find a significant association between age & gender with hypertension. A p value of or lower than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Majority of the patients 65% were males and 35% were females and common age group was ≥60 years. CNS disorders were found in majority of the patients. Diuretics were the most prescribed class of drugs. There was a steady rise in the number of hypertensive patients with increase in age. Hypertension was more prevalent among males than in females. Factors like age and gender were found to be statistically significant associated with hypertension. Clinical pharmacist at an early stage need to monitor the BP and related risk factors and achieve the therapeutic goals, thereby enhancing the quality life span of the patient.
Keywords: Hypertension, Gender, Age distribution, Clinical Pharmacist, Statistical, Blood Pressure
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Depsides as Potential Antibacterials
Authors: More Manoj Kumari 
Published: March 2024

Sixteen depsides were synthesized to screen for their antibacterial activity. All of them were reported for the first time. Their chemical structures were clearly determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, ESI mass spectra. All the compounds were assayed for antibacterial and antifungal activities against two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) and (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29747)and two gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 8739) and (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25619) the MIC and zone of inhibition calculated by cup-plate method and serial dilution method and two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger ATCC 90292) and (Candida albicans ATCC 24433)by the micro-broth dilution method.Compound2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl (4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(P6) and 2-(2- propoxy-2-oxoethylphenyl(4-methylphenyl)acetate(P7) showed powerful antibacterial activities against E. coli with MIC of 2.0 40mg/ml while compound 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl(4-methylphenyl)acetate (P7) and 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl and (3-methoxyphenyl)acetate (P8) exhibited significant antibacterial activities against B. subtilis with MIC of 3.12 40mg/ml, which were superior to the positive controls amoxycillin trihydrate and ciprofloxacin HCl, respectively and compound 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethyl) phenyl 4-methylbenzoate (P8) was found to have highest antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 24433. On the basis of the biological results, quantitative structure activity relationships were discussed.
Keywords: Depsides, Antibacterials, Antifungal, Quantitative structure activity relationship.
Therapeutic potential of Nankhawah/Ajwain (Tracyspermum ammi Linn): A comprehensive review article
Authors: Naaz Afifa , Wani Ghulam Nabi , Begum Wajeeha , Fathima Shavana 
Published: March 2024

Background: Trachyspermum ammi Linn., commonly known as ajwain, is a widely recognized spice and medicinal plant originating from Egypt but cultivated across regions such as Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. Belonging to the Apiaceae family, this species offers diverse pharmacological benefits due to its rich chemical constituents.
Objectives: This review aims to summarize the traditional and contemporary applications of Trachyspermum ammi, focusing on its ethnobotanical description, chemical composition, and pharmacological aspects.
Methodology: The literature search encompassed scientific databases and publications covering the historical usage, chemical profiling, and biological activities of Trachyspermum ammi.
Results: Trachyspermum ammi exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, including antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, antispasmodic, carminative, diuretic, aphrodisiac, and anthelmintic properties. Traditionally, it has been employed to treat conditions such as flatulence, atonic dyspepsia, diarrhea, abdominal tumors, abdominal pain, piles, bronchial issues, lack of appetite, galactogogue, asthma, and amenorrhea as it possesses properties of Muhallil, Mudirr-i-Bawl-o-Hayd, Dafa e Tafun, Jali, Habis etc. Modern research supports these claims while also revealing its potential in treating kidney stones, abortion, and aflatoxin detoxification.
Conclusion: Trachyspermum ammi holds great promise as a natural resource for novel therapies, owing to its extensive array of bioactive components and established pharmacological effects. Further investigation into its mechanisms of action and optimization of extraction techniques could lead to more efficient utilization of this valuable medicinal plant.
Keywords: Ajwain, Nankhawah, Trachyspermum Ammi Linn, Mudirr-i-Bawl-o-Hayd, Hazim, Thymol, Appetizer.
ANALYSIS OF SOME HEAVY METALS LEVEL IN ISPARTA'S DRINKING WATER USING UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT REGRESSION
Authors: AKTAŞ A. Hakan , Gençer İlknur 
Published: March 2024

Background: Heavy metals, which are likely to be found in natural water samples, can cause some discomfort when taken into the body in high amounts. The aim of this study is to create complexes of iron, copper and cadmium, which are major heavy metals that can be found in natural water samples, with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) chelate, to analyze these complexes with UV-Spectrophotometry after the optimum conditions to be created in water samples, and to apply the principal component regression chemometric method to the data obtained here.
Method: In the applied spectrophotometric method, complexes of each heavy metal were first formed with APDC. Then, appropriate mixtures of these complexes were prepared and their spectra were recorded. Principal component regression chemometric method was applied to the data obtained.
Results: Very consistent results of the chemometric method applied to the data obtained in the spectrophotometric analysis of the complexes of the heavy metals studied after providing optimum conditions were observed.
Conclusion: It can be stated that the method developed in the research and the chemometric method applied to the data obtained from here can be easily applied in routine water analysis.

Peer Review History:
Received 10 December 2023; Revised 29 January 2024; Accepted 3 March; Available online 15 March 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Emmanuel O. Olorunsola, Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Nigeria, olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Dennis Amaechi, MrsFoluBabade Mini Estate , Flat 5 by Old Soldiers Quarter, Sabongari/Bwari, Abuja- Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. amaechitoexcel@yahoo.com
Dr. Wafa Mohamed Al Madhagi, Sana’a University, Yemen, walmadhaji1983@gmail.com
Prof. Cyprian Ogbonna ONYEJI, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, conyeji@oauife.edu.ng
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN ORANG TUA DENGAN RESILIENSI AKADEMIK PADA REMAJA SMP NEGERI DI KECAMATAN NGRAMBE
Authors: Aini Putri Nur 
Published: March 2024

AbstrakÂ Penelitian ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan fenomena pemberlakuan pembelajaran daring yang dilaksanakan saat pandemi Covid-19 pada sejumlah peserta didik. Akibatnya, peserta didik harus melaksanakan aktivitas belajar di rumah yang kurang memiliki dukungan dari orang tua atau kurang dalam ketahanan bidang akademik menjadi mudah bosan, jenuh, bahkan stress karena menghadapi situasi yang sulit. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan orang tua dengan resiliensi akademik pada remaja di SMP Negeri Kecamatan Ngrambe. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif korelasional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik cluster sampling dan proportional random sampling dengan sampel penelitian 275 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan skala psikologi dengan 35 butir untuk variabel dukungan orang tua dan 36 butir untuk variabel resiliensi akademik. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan uji spearman rank. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat dukungan orang tua maupun resiliensi akademik berada pada kategori sedang dengan persentase 42%. Terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan, dengan derajat korelasi yang kuat antara dukungan orang tua dengan resiliensi akademik remaja SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Ngrambe yakni sebesar 0,721 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (<0,005). Artinya, semakin tinggi dukungan orang tua terhadap siswa, maka semakin tinggi pula resiliensi akademiknya, dan sebaliknya semakin rendah dukungan orang tua terhadap siswa, maka semakin rendah pula resiliensi akademiknya.Keywords: Dukungan Orang Tua, Resiliensi Akademik, Remaja
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING TUTOR SEBAYA UNTUK PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA MATERI HUKUM KIRCHHOFF
Authors: K.A. Astiti  , P. Maunino  , V. Lantik  
Published: March 2024

Penerapan model pembelajaran yang kurang bervariasi menyebabkan pemahaman konsep siswa menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimanakah model pembelajaran Problem Solving teknik tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa dalam materi Hukum Kirchhoff. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI Mia 3 SMA Negeri 9 Kota Kupang sebanyak 25 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah soal tes berupa uraian. Data hasil ketuntasan pemahaman konsep dianalisis dengan menghitung data presentase tes pemahaman konsep fisika dan rata-rata ketuntasan klasikal. Data siklus I menunjukan presentase pemahaman konsep siswa adalah 76% dan ketuntasan klasikal yaitu 74% dengan kriteria belum tuntas. Siklus II menunjukan presentase pemahaman konsep mencapai 93% dan ketuntasan klasikal 100% dengan kriteria tuntas. Maka, penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Solving teknik tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa kelas XI Mia 3 SMA Negeri 9 Kota Kupang.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN HERVINA TERHADAP KARAKTER DAN LITERASI SAINS SERTA RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP KURIKULUM MERDEKA SEKOLAH PENGGERAK
Authors: N.P.A.H. Sanjayanti  , N.W.S. Darmayanti  
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran HERVINA terhadap karakter dan literasi sains, serta relevansinya terhadap kurikulum merdeka Sekolah Penggerak. Subjek pengujian efektivitas dilakukan pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Sekolah Penggerak di Kabupaten Buleleng yang jumlahnya sebanyak 158 siswa, yaitu di SMPN 1 Seririt sebanyak 58 siswa, SMPN 3 Singaraja sebanyak 50 siswa, dan SMPN 4 Sukasada sebanyak 50 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data karakter menggunakan kuesioner dan data literasi sains menggunakan tes literasi sains. Kedua instrumen tersebut telah memenuhi katagori valid dan reliabel. Metode analisis data untuk memperoleh hasil pengujian efektivitas dilakukan dengan analisis MANOVA dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model pembelajaran HERVINA sangat efektif diterapkan pada sekolah penggerak dengan ES=1,86 terhadap karakter F=435,32 (p<0,05) dan literasi sains siswa F=57,50 (p<0,05).
DESAIN DAN UJI COBA MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN WEBLOG BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON
Authors: Sari Wulan Permata , Okmarisa Heppy 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to produce a problem-based learning weblog on hydrocarbons. The research method used is Research and Development (RnD), the research model used is according to Borg and Gall which is limited to the 5th stage. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire using a Rating scale with five ratings arranged in the form of a checklist. The results of this study are in the form of a problem-based learning weblog on hydrocarbon material called let's learn. The weblog based on problem based learning on hydrocarbon material is declared feasible based on the results of the study, the percentage of assessment on media validation by material experts is 91% and media experts is 83.33% with very valid assessment criteria, the percentage of assessment on the teacher practicality test is 86.66% with very practical assessment criteria, and student response test of 83.3% stated very good.
Perbedaan Recovery Denyut Nadi Berdasarkan Jeda Waktu Makan Setelah Olahraga
Authors: Wati Isti Dwi Puspita 
Published: March 2024

The right time to eat for athletes is suggested to support achievement. However, research evidence on this matter still needs to be more extensive. This study aims to reveal evidence of differences in pulse after exercise by looking at the pause after eating. A one-shot case study experiment was conducted with 22 student samples divided into three groups. The first group of 7 people exercised immediately after eating (A), the second group of 8 people 1 hour after eating (B), and group 3 2 hours after eating (C). Pulse testing is carried out before exercising (basketball man to man half court) for 10 minutes, and then the pulse is measured after playing; further measurements are carried out every 3 minutes up to 4 times and 1 hour after stopping playing. The rest is done passively. The instruments used are tests and measurements of the pulse. Data analysis used is descriptive statistics and different tests using ANOVA. The results showed that, in this case, group A and Group C had the same pulse rate of 65 per minute, while Group B had an average of 77.5 per minute. Pulse after exercising consecutively 1130.29, 128, and 128.9 per minute. At the end of measuring the pulse after 1 hour of rest, it turned out that group C had the lowest pulse compared to groups A and B.
Keywords: Recovery, Food before sport, pulse
Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Olahraga Pasca Mata Kuliah Sepak Bola
Authors: Nusri Ardi , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Masrun Masrun 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of basic football technical skills for students of the Sports Science Study Program, Medan State University (Unimed IKOR Study Program) after taking courses during the pandemic. The design used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The research method used is a survey method with test and measurement techniques. The research population was all Unimed 2021 Sports Science Department students. The research sample consisted of 60 students. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling.Based on the data analysis carried out, it was found that the basic football technical skills of the Unimed IKOR Study Program students in 2021 as a whole were included in the good category with a score of 357.85. Furthermore, in more detail, students' passing and receiving skills are in the good category with an average of 78.5, dribbling skills are in the good category with an average of 80.61, heading skills are in the good category with an average of 79.7, and shooting skills in the medium category with an average of 79.66.
Keywords: Football, Basic Technical Skills, and Pandemic..
Pentingnya Penilaian Alternatif Dalam Pendidikan Jasmani
Authors: Syafruddin Muhammad Akbar , Sutriawan Agus , Hasanuddin M. Imran 
Published: March 2024

Physical Education is not only related to the psychomotor aspects of students. This research found that traditional evaluation tests such as the Physical Fitness Test and subjective assessment criteria such as assessing student effort have been popular means of the assessment process in the past. This research aims to examine the importance of alternative assessment models in physical education to achieve more objective learning outcomes. This research is descriptive research that uses library observation methods from various existing literature. This research uses the literature study method. A literature search was conducted to answer the questions raised in this research. This research utilizes various literature from the last ten years sourced from Elsvier, Google Scholar, and Researchgate. Article searches were carried out using the keywords assessment, physical education, and authentic assessment. The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the literature study is that alternative assessment methods are currently used and there is more emphasis on education as a whole. Because actually assessment in physical education must cover 3 aspects, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor. In light of the above, this research article provides evidence of real progress in a field that has been beset by challenges to achieve educational goals as educational endeavors, much work remains to be done to disseminate what is considered to be excellent assessment practices.
Keywords: Physical Education, Alternative Assessment, Authentic Assessment
Analisis Self Disclosure dengan Minat Layanan Konseling Siswa SMK
Authors: Setiyowati Arbin Janu , Hasanah Annisa Uswatun , Multisari Widya 
Published: March 2024

Visits of counseling services for Adi Husada Health Vocational High School students have decreased for 2 last years from 44 students in 2019/2020 to 17 students in 2020/2021. The one of interest internal factors of students that encourage to participate in counseling services which is self disclosure to students. The purpose of this research is to review the relationship between a self disclosure variables and interest of counseling services. The self disclosure instrument was structured according to DeVito’s theory (1986) and the interest of counseling services was based on interest theory by Winkel’s (2010). This research method use a quantitative correlation research with simple random sampling technique with sample are 125 students. Self disclosure results obtained as much as 68% in high category and 98% in very high category. There is no relationship between two variables with correlation number of 0,068. The conclusion is a high self disclosure doesn’t determine a high interest in counseling services and a low self disclosure doesn’t determine a low interest in counseling services. As suggestion, for further research are use more variables that allow for relationship between self disclosure and interest in counseling services. And for counselors are be more active to offer the students about counseling services.
PERAN GURU BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR
Authors: Wan Heri Setya 
Published: March 2024

Siswa juga harus diberikan bimbingan pelayanan yang dibutuhkan agar mereka semua mampu mengembangkan ketajaman sikapnya. yang menjadi peranan atau role bagi seorang guru Bimbingan Konseling. Dalam proses pembelajaran Jika Guru BK belum mampu untuk mencapai apa yang telah diharapkan, maka pengajar harus berusaha keras untuk membantu Siswa agar apa yang diharapkan berhasil dan mampu menyelesaikan masalah yang dimiliki Peserta Didik.. Rumusan masalah penelitian inia adalah “Apakah Peran Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling sudah mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa di SMP N 1 Karanggede ?”. Berdasarkan rumusan masalah yang telah dipaparkan sebelumnya maka tujuan peneliti adalah mengidentifikasi Peran Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK) dalam meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta didik di SMP N 1 Karanggede. Hasil ini menjelaskan bahwa masih kurangnya motivasi belajar yang dirasakan dan peran Guru BK yang ada masih belum membantu siswa untuk menimbulkan motivasi belajarnya.
Perspektif Ginekologi Fistula Fesikovaginal
Authors: Purwara Benny Hasan 
Published: March 2024

Etiologi fistula vesiko vaginal (FVV) telah berubah, menjadi lebih terkait dengan histerektomi. Meskipun banyak publikasi tentang hal ini, namun pengelolaan FVV tetap menjadi sumber perdebatan. Pilihan pengelolaan masih menjadi masalah mendasar seperti pendekatan bedah yang lebih disukai dan waktu operasi yang optimal masih sangat bervariasi.Di negara-negara berkembang, penyebab utama FVV adalah obstruksi akibat partus lama (97%).1 Sebaliknya, di negara-negara industri cedera iatrogenik pada saluran kemih adalah penyebab paling umum dari FVV dan mayoritas konsekuensi dari pembedahan ginekologis.Diperkirakan bahwa 0,8 per 1.000 dari semua histerektomi dipersulit oleh adanya risiko FVV.2 Penyebab lain FVV adalah neoplasma ganas dan iradiasi pelvis. Berbeda dengan fistula obstetrik dan iradiasi, yang khas pada fistula pascaoperasi (pasca histerektomi) adalah hasil dari trauma yang muncul lebih cepat terlihat dan terlokalisasi pada jaringan sehat.