bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPK3A+ umbrella cell damage mediated by TLR3–NR2F6 triggers programmed destruction of urothelium in Hunner‐type interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome
Authors: Peng Liao , Chen Jia‐Wei , Chen Yuan‐Zhuo , Zhang Chi , Shen Si‐Hong , Liu Meng‐Zhu , Fan Yang , Yang Shi‐Qin , Zhang Xiu‐Zhen , Wang Wei , Gao Xiao‐Shuai , Di Xing‐Peng , Ma Yu‐Cheng , Zeng Xiao , Shen Hong , Jin Xi , Luo De‐Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrothelial damage and barrier dysfunction emerge as the foremost mechanisms in Hunner‐type interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (HIC). Although treatments aimed at urothelial regeneration and repair have been employed, their therapeutic effectiveness remains limited due to the inadequate understanding of specific cell types involved in damage and the lack of specific molecular targets within these mechanisms. Therefore, we harnessed single‐cell RNA sequencing to elucidate the heterogeneity and developmental trajectory of urothelial cells within HIC bladders. Through reclustering, we identified eight distinct clusters of urothelial cells. There was a significant reduction in UPK3A+ umbrella cells and a simultaneous increase in progenitor‐like pluripotent cells (PPCs) within the HIC bladder. Pseudotime analysis of the urothelial cells in the HIC bladder revealed that cells faced challenges in differentiating into UPK3A+ umbrella cells, while PPCs exhibited substantial proliferation to compensate for the loss of UPK3A+ umbrella cells. The urothelium in HIC remains unrepaired, despite the substantial proliferation of PPCs. Thus, we propose that inhibiting the pivotal signaling pathways responsible for the injury to UPK3A+ umbrella cells is paramount for restoring the urothelial barrier and alleviating lower urinary tract symptoms in HIC patients. Subsequently, we identified key molecular pathways (TLR3 and NR2F6) associated with the injury of UPK3A+ umbrella cells in HIC urothelium. Finally, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to confirm the potential of the TLR3–NR2F6 axis as a promising therapeutic target for HIC. These findings hold the potential to inhibit urothelial injury, providing promising clues for early diagnosis and functional bladder self‐repair strategies for HIC patients. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Decomposition‐based maximum likelihood gradient iterative algorithm for multivariate systems with colored noise
Authors: Liu Lijuan 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn this paper, we use the maximum likelihood principle and the negative gradient search principle to study the identification issues of the multivariate equation‐error systems whose outputs are contaminated by an moving average noise process. The model decomposition technique is used to decompose the system into several regressive identification subsystems based on the number of the outputs. In order to improve the parameter estimation accuracy, a decomposition‐based multivariate maximum likelihood gradient iterative algorithm is proposed by means of the maximum likelihood principle and the iterative identification method. The numerical simulation example indicates that the proposed method has better parameter estimation results than the compared decomposition‐based multivariate maximum likelihood gradient algorithm.
Dual‐Mode Imaging of Dynamic Interaction between Bubbles and Single Nanoplates during the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Process
Authors: Zhao Xin , Chen Houkai , Cui Yu , Zhang Xinyu , Hao Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGas bubble formation at electrochemical interfaces can significantly affect the efficiency and durability of electrocatalysts. However, obtaining comprehensive details on bubble evolution dynamics, particularly their dynamic interaction with high‐performance structured electrocatalysts, poses a considerable challenge. Herein, dual‐mode interference/total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy is introduced, which allows for the simultaneous capture of the evolution pathway of bubbles and the 3D motion of nanoplate electrocatalysts, providing high‐resolution and accurate spatiotemporal information. During the hydrogen evolution reaction, the dynamics of hydrogen bubble generation and their interactions with single nanoplate electrocatalysts at the electrochemical interface are observed. The results unveiled that, under constant potential, bubbles initially manifest as fast‐moving nanobubbles, transforming into stationary microbubbles subsequently. The morphology of stationary nanoplates regulates the trajectories of these moving nanobubbles while the pinned microbubbles induce the motion of the electrocatalysts. The dual‐mode microscopy can be employed to scrutinize numerous multiphase electrochemical interactions with high spatiotemporal resolution, which can facilitate the rational design of high‐performance electrocatalysts.
Smart Energy Storage: W18O49 NW/Ti3C2Tx Composite‐Enabled All Solid State Flexible Electrochromic Supercapacitors
Authors: Hassan Muhammad , Li Pingping , Lin Ju , Li Zihao , Javed Muhammad S. , Peng Zhengchun , Celebi Kemal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping a highly efficient electrochromic energy storage device with sufficient color fluctuation and significant electrochemical performance is highly desirable for practical energy‐saving applications. Here, to achieve a highly stable material with a large electrochemical storage capacity, a W18O49 NW/Ti3C2Tx composite has been fabricated and deposited on a pre‐assembled Ag and W18O49 NW conductive network by Langmuir–Blodgett technique. The resulting hybrid electrode composed of 15 layers of W18O49 NW/Ti3C2Tx composite exhibits an areal capacitance of 125 mF cm−2, with a fast and reversible switching response. An optical modulation of 98.2% can be maintained at a current density of 5 mA cm−2. Using this electrode, a bifunctional symmetric electrochromic supercapacitor device having an energy density of 10.26 µWh cm−2 and a power density of 0.605 mW cm−2 is fabricated, with high capacity retention and full columbic efficiency over 4000 charge‐discharge cycles. Meanwhile, the device displays remarkable electrochromic characteristics, including fast switching time (5 s for coloring and 7 s for bleaching), and a significant coloration efficiency of 116 cm2 C−1 with good optical modulation stability. In addition, the device exhibits significant mechanical flexibility and fast switching while being stable over 100 bending cycles, which is promising for real‐world applications.
An In Situ TEM Study of the Influence of Water Vapor on Reduction of Nickel Phyllosilicate – Retarded Growth of Metal Nanoparticles at Higher Rates
Authors: Turner Savannah. J. , Visser Nienke. L. , Dalebout Remco , Wezendonk Dennie F. L. , de Jongh Petra E. , de Jong Krijn P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnavoidable water formation during the reduction of solid catalyst precursors has long been known to influence the nanoparticle size and dispersion in the active catalyst. This in situ transmission electron microscopy study provides insight into the influence of water vapor at the nanoscale on the nucleation and growth of the nanoparticles (2–16 nm) during the reduction of a nickel phyllosilicate catalyst precursor under H2/Ar gas at 700 °C. Water suppresses and delays nucleation, but counterintuitively increases the rate of particle growth. After full reduction is achieved, water vapor significantly enhances Ostwald ripening which in turn increases the likelihood of particle coalescence. This study proposes that water leads to formation of mobile nickel hydroxide species, leading to faster rates of particle growth during and after reduction.
Solvent‐Induced Bright Emission in Lead‐Free Organic–Inorganic Antimony Bromides with Reversible Transformation
Authors: Li Yanyan , Zhou Zhicong , Xing Zengshan , Ko Pui Kei , Wong Kam Sing , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Halpert Jonathan E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLead‐free low‐dimensional organic–inorganic metal halides have gained increasing attention in a wide range of applications due to their low toxicity, outstanding optical performance, and structural tunability. In this work, a general method of incorporating organic molecule into sodium antimony bromides is introduced. The 1D Na3SbBr6(C2H6OS)6 and Na3SbBr6(C4H8OS)6 single crystals exhibit bright yellow and orange emission with PL peaks at 610 and 664 nm, and high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 85% and 60%, respectively. These two compounds can be reversibly converted into each other by the removal and addition of the organic components. Their exceptional luminescent performance enables them to be used as solid‐state phosphors for the fabrication of yellow and orange down‐conversion LEDs. A white LED with a high color rendering index (CRI) of 95 is also fabricated by using Na3SbBr6(C2H6OS)6 as the yellow phosphor. The universality of this method is demonstrated by synthesizing other members of this family with diverse A‐groups, including methylammonium (MA) and formamidinium (FA). This work provides an effective strategy for the development of diverse lead‐free and high‐performance organic–inorganic hybrid materials and indicates these organic–inorganic hybrid compounds are promising luminescent materials for lighting or displays.
Spray‐Drying Assisted 3D Printing to Manufacture Beef Products
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhou Ziwan , Zhou Wenchang , Liu Chunjia , Wang Nanfang , Zhang Fan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPotato starch (PS), a naturally occurring carbohydrate biopolymer, is commonly used in the meat industry to enhance the processing and nutritional properties of meat products. This study utilizes spray drying to produce PS‐based powders for the production of 3D printed beef products. The effects of incorporating PS‐based materials at 1% concentrations into beef pastes are investigated, focusing on the impact on product texture, cooking properties, printing accuracy, freeze‐thaw stability, and color. Additionally, the suitability of the 3D printed beef products for individuals with dysphagia is assessed using the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). The 3D printed beef products containing PS‐based powders are successfully manufactured and maintained their structure during printing and cooking. The addition of these powders improve moisture content, cooking yield, lightness, and reduced diameter reduction, redness, hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness. Moreover, the results suggest that P‐N, can be classified as potential level 6 diets (soft and bite‐sized) according to the IDDSI framework.
AdvancingPyrusphylogeny: Deep genome skimming‐based inference coupled with paralogy analysis yields a robust phylogenetic backbone and an updated infrageneric classification of the pear genus (Maleae, Rosaceae)
Authors: Jin Ze‐Tao , Ma Dai‐Kun , Liu Guang‐Ning , Hodel Richard G.J. , Jiang Yan , Ge Bin‐Jie , Liao Shuai , Duan Lei , Ren Chen , Xu Chao , Wu Jun , Liu Bin‐Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe lack of a robust phylogenetic backbone has posed significant challenges to proposing an infrageneric taxonomic classification of the pear genus,Pyrus, a widely distributed Eurasian lineage of Rosaceae. This issue has been exacerbated by limited informative loci and inaccessible taxon sampling. To address these limitations, we conducted extensive taxon sampling, encompassing 78Pyrusingroup individuals representing 32 species, along with 4 outgroup species. This comprehensive sampling strategy covers a wide range of morphological and geographical variations. To enable accurate phylogenomic inference, we assembled 801 single‐copy nuclear genes and 72 plastid coding sequences from deep genome skimming (DGS) data. Additionally, we employed a tree‐based method for nuclear orthology inference, which led to the generation of three orthologous datasets: one‐to‐one orthologs (1to1), monophyletic outgroups (MO), and rooted ingroups (RT). The results yielded from both nuclear and plastid analyses consistently support the monophyly ofPyrus, and two well‐supported clades, the Occidental and Oriental clades, were recovered in nine nuclear and three plastid trees. Integrating evidence from morphology and phylogenomics, we propose an updated infrageneric classification ofPyrus, which consists of two subgenera:P. subg.PyrusandP. subg.Pashiastat. nov. This revised classification provides a more robust framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships within the pear genus.
Structure, absolute configuration and cytotoxicity of compounds isolated from Decaschistia harmandii
Authors: Van Quang Ngo , Phuong Nguyen Thi Mai , Luong Dang Vu , Xuan Do Thi Thanh , Van Kiem Phan , Huyen Nguyen Thi Trang , Thuy Thanh Thi Thu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhytochemical study of Decaschistia harmandii led to the identification of four compounds (−)‐Ampelopsin F (1), Ampelopsin (2), Rhodomyrtone (3), and Phloretin (4). The chemical structures of the compounds were determined based on NMR spectra. Absolute configuration of (−)‐Ampelopsin F (1) was elucidated based on ECD spectra. Simultaneously, the cytotoxic activity of the compounds was tested on four human cancer cell lines (MCF7, 5637, HEPG2, and A549). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity against all the tested cell lines, in which compound 1 showed strongest activity with IC50 value of 15.20 ± 0.16 µm followed by compound 2 with IC50 of 17.20 ± 0.02 µm for MCF7 and 5637 cells, respectively. In contrast, the other two compounds showed no activity. This is the first study on the chemical composition of the D. harmandii species.
Atypically located accessory splenic hemangiosarcoma in a Dog: Diagnostic value of triple‐phase computed tomography
Authors: Yun Dain , Choi Jihye , Baek Yeong‐Bin , Cho Kyoung‐Oh , Lee Kija , Lee Sang‐Kwon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 10‐year‐old Cocker spaniel presented with lethargy. Triple‐phase computed tomography was obtained with a contrast test bolus at the level of porta hepatis, which revealed a right lower abdominal mass. The mass was not connected to other abdominal organs; however, a linear structure was observed connecting the splenic hilum to the mass, which was suspected to be the feeding vessel. The arterial phase image was obtained again with a contrast bolus at the level of the celiac artery. A prominent contrast‐enhanced feeding artery originating from the splenic artery to the mass was observed. Histopathology confirmed an accessory splenic hemangiosarcoma.
Diagnostic pathways in acute appendicitis: Clinical score plus ultrasound outperform CT scan or upfront surgery, especially in doubtful cases
Authors: Coccolini Federico , Martinez‐Perez Aleix , Licitra Gabriella , De Angelis Nicola , Cremonini Camilla , Strambi Silvia , Zocco Giuseppe , Puglisi Adolfo , Tartaglia Dario , Chiarugi Massimo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundControversies remain on the diagnostic strategy in suspected AA, considering the different settings worldwide.Material and MethodsA prospective observational international multicentric study including patients operated for suspected AA with a definitive histopathological analysis was conducted. Three groups were analyzed: (1) No radiology; (2) Ultrasound, and (3) Computed tomography. The aim was to analyze the performance of three diagnostic schemes.ResultsThree thousand and one hundred twenty three patients were enrolled; 899 in the no radiology group, 1490 in the US group, and 734 in the CT group. The sex ratio was in favor of males (p < 0.001). The mean age was lower in the no radiology group (24 years) compared to 28 and 38 years in US and CT‐scan groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, the negative appendectomy rate 3.8%: no radiology group (5.1%) versus US (2.9%) and CT‐scan (4.1%) (p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity analysis showed the best balance in clinical evaluation + score + US. These data reach the best results in those patients with an equivocal Alvarado score (4–6). Inverse probability weighting (IPW), showed as the use of ultrasound, is significantly associated with an increased probability of formulating the correct diagnosis (p 0.004). In the case of a CT scan, this association appears weaker (p 0.08).ConclusionThe association of clinical scores and ultrasound seems the best strategy to reach a correct preoperative diagnosis in patients with clinical suspicion of AA, even in those population subgroups where the clinical score may have an equivocal result. This strategy can be especially useful in low‐resource settings worldwide. CT‐scan association may improve the detection of patients who may potentially be submitted to conservative treatment.
State-Space Model with One Marked Point Process (MPP) Observation
Authors: Wickramasuriya Dilranjan S. , Faghih Rose T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThus far we have considered binary observations and continuous observations in our state-space models. With binary observations, we do not consider the magnitudes of the binary-valued events (since each is just a 0 or a 1) but are merely interested in the event occurrences. Consequently, we can treat the spiking-type observations in the earlier chapter as binary-valued as well. There too, our concern was primarily with the occurrence of the cardiac contractions and the accompanying spikes in an EKG signal, but not the actual amplitudes of the spikes.
Additional Models and Derivations
Authors: Wickramasuriya Dilranjan S. , Faghih Rose T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMuch of what we have described in the preceding chapters provides the basic tools necessary to build physiological state-space estimators. In this chapter, we will briefly review some additional concepts in state-space estimation, a non-traditional method of estimation, and some supplementary models. These may help serve as pointers if extensions are to be built to the models already described.
Clustering Trajectories to Study Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Distefano Veronica , Mannone Maria , Poli Irene , Mayer Gert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of type-2 diabetes, defined prominently by a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of renal waste excretion capacity. However DKD patients present high heterogeneity in disease trajectory and response to treatment, making the one-model-fits-all protocol for estimating prognosis and expected response to therapy as proposed by guidelines obsolete. As a solution, precision or stratified medicine aims to define subgroups of patients with similar pathophysiology and response to the therapy, allowing to select the best drug combinations for each subgroup. We focus on eGFR when aiming to identify eGFR decline trends by clustering patients according to their eGFR trajectory shape-similarity.The study involved 256 DKD patients observed annually for four years. Using the Fréchet distance, we built clusters of patients according to the similarity of their eGFR trajectories to identify distinct clusters. We formalized the trajectory-clustering approach through category theory. Characteristics of patients within different progression clusters were compared at the baseline and over time.We identified five clusters of eGFR progression over time. We noticed a bifurcation of eGFR mean trajectories and a switch between two other mean trajectories. This particular clustering approach identified different mean eGFR trajectories. Our findings suggest the existence of distinct dynamical behaviors in the disease progression.
Exploiting the Potential of Bayesian Networks in Deriving New Insight into Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD)
Authors: Slanzi Debora , Silvestri Claudio , Poli Irene , Mayer Gert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease is a serious complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of chronic and end-stage kidney disease worldwide. The clinical course and response to therapy is complex and heterogeneous both between and over time within individuals. Therefore it is extremely important to derive even more in-depth information on what characterizes its pathophysiology and pattern of disease progression. Statistical models can help in this task by understanding the interconnections among variables clinically considered to characterize the disease. In this work we propose to use Bayesian networks, a class of probabilistic graphical models, able to identify robust relationships among a set of variables. Furthermore, Bayesian networks are able to include expert knowledge in the modeling phase to reduce the uncertainty on the phenomenon under study. We provide some evidence that the synergy between data and expert prior information is a great source of valuable help in gaining new knowledge about Diabetic Kidney Disease.
Erklärung(en) finanzieller Transfers
Authors: Bosshardt Tamara 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungSolidarität gehört zu den Grundbegriffen der Soziologie und wird als „Querschnittsthema“von der Soziologie des Sozialstaats bis zur Soziologie der Familie und Partnerschaft aufgegriffen. So beschreibt Schneider Familie als „exklusive Solidargemeinschaft, die auf relative Dauer angelegt ist“. Aufgrund der vielfältigen Bezüge könnte vermutet werden, dass eine ausgereifte soziologische Solidaritätstheorie vorliegt.
Aktuelle Transfers zwischen Generationen
Authors: Bosshardt Tamara 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungFinanzielle Zuwendungen sind neben dem Geben und Nehmen von Zeit und Raum wichtige Bestandteile von Beziehungen zwischen Generationen. Das gilt insbesondere für die Schweiz, ein Land mit einem hohen materiellen Wohlstandsniveau. Das letzte Kapitel hat einen Eindruck der vielfältigen Familien-, Ungleichheits- und Solidaritätsstrukturen vermittelt, die den Kontext für den finanziellen Austausch zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern bilden. Es wurde deutlich, dass Generationenbeziehungen in der Schweiz ganz unterschiedlich gelebt werden und sich sowohl der familiäre Kontext als auch die Beziehungsformen mit dem Alter der erwachsenen Kinder verändern. Das folgende Kapitel wird zeigen, dass dies auch für den Austausch von Geld-, Sachgeschenken und Zahlungen zwischen den Generationen gilt.
The anatomical variations of the cubital tunnel in a South African body donor sample
Authors: Munro Sophie Rose , Mac Dermott Kerryn-Anne , Keet Kerri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The ulnar nerve (UN) courses through the cubital tunnel, which is a potential site of entrapment. Anatomical variations of the cubital tunnel may contribute towards cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS), however, these are not well described. The aim was to compare the range of variations and dimensions of the cubital tunnel and the UN between sexes and sides of the body.

Methods
Sixty elbows from 30 embalmed bodies (17 males and 13 females) were dissected. The prevalence of the cubital tunnel retinaculum (CuTR) or anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) forming the roof of the tunnel was determined. The length, width, thickness, and diameter of the cubital tunnel and its roof were measured. The diameter of the UN was measured.

Results
The AE was present in 5%, whereas the CuTR was present in the remaining 95% of elbows. The tunnel was 32.1 ± 4.8 mm long, 23.4 ± 14.2 mm wide, 0.18 ± (0.22–0.14) mm thick, and the median diameter was 7.9 ± (9.0–7.1) mm, while the median diameter of the UN was 1.6 ± (1.8–1.3) mm. The AE was thicker than the CuTR (p < 0.001) and the UN was larger in elbows with the AE present (p = 0.002). The tunnel was longer in males (p < 0.001) and wider on the right (p = 0.014).

Conclusion
The roof of the cubital tunnel was more frequently composed of the CuTR. The cubital tunnel varied in size between sexes and sides. Future research should investigate the effect of the variations in patients with CuTS.