bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalisation rates for youth living with perinatally acquired HIV in England
Authors: Johnson Sarah May , Teh Jhia Jiat , Pasvol Thomas Joshua , Ayres Sara , Lyall Hermione , Fidler Sarah , Foster Caroline 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Complex challenges amongst ageing cohorts of adolescents and adults living with perinatally acquired HIV (PaHIV) may impact on hospitalisation. We report hospitalisation rates and explored predictive factors for hospitalisation in adolescents and adults (10–35 years) living with PaHIV in England.

Method
Retrospective observational cohort study over a three-year period 2016–2019. Data collected included cause and duration of hospitalisation, HIV viral load and CD4 lymphocyte count. The primary outcome was overnight hospitalisation. Patients exited at study end/ transfer of care (TOC)/ loss to follow up (LTFU) or death. Maternity/hospital admissions at other centres were excluded. Admission rates per 100 person-years (95% CI) were calculated by age group. Negative binomial regression with generalized estimating equations was performed.

Results
255 patients contributed 689 person-years of follow up. 56% were female and 83% were of a Black, Black British, Caribbean or African ethnicity. At baseline, the median age was 19 years (IQR 16–22). 36 individuals experienced a total of 62 admissions which resulted in 558 overnight stays (median stay was 5 nights). One person died (lymphoma), six had TOC and one was LTFU by the end of the three-year study period. Crude incidence of admission for the whole cohort was 9.0 per 100 PY (6.9–11.6). The respective crude incidence rates were 1.5 PY (0.0–8.2) in those aged 10–14 years and 3.5 PY (1.5–7.0) in the 15–19-year-olds. In those aged 20–24 years it was 14.5 PY (10.1–20.2) and in those >25 years the crude incidence rate was 11.7 PY (6.9–18.5). Factors significantly associated with admission were a CD4 lymphocyte count <200 cells/uL, adjusted IRR 4.0 (1.8–8.8) and a history of a CDC-C diagnosis, adjusted IRR 2.9 (1.6–5.3). 89% admissions were HIV-related: 45% new/current CDC-C diagnoses, 76% due to infection.

Conclusions
Hospitalisation rates were four-fold higher in adults (>20 years of age) compared to adolescents (10–19-year-olds). The continuing challenges experienced by PaHIV youth require enhanced multidisciplinary support throughout adulthood.
Do statistical heterogeneity methods impact the results of meta- analyses? A meta epidemiological study
Authors: Mheissen Samer , Khan Haris , Normando David , Vaiid Nikhillesh , Flores-Mir Carlos 
Published: March 2024

Background
Orthodontic systematic reviews (SRs) use different methods to pool the individual studies in a meta-analysis when indicated. However, the number of studies included in orthodontic meta-analyses is relatively small. This study aimed to evaluate the direction of estimate changes of orthodontic meta-analyses (MAs) using different between-study variance methods considering the level of heterogeneity when few trials were pooled.

Methods
Search and study selection: Systematic reviews (SRs) published over the last three years, from the 1st of January 2020 to the 31st of December 2022, in six main orthodontic journals with at least one MA pooling five or lesser primary studies were identified. Data collection and analysis: Data were extracted from each eligible MA, which was replicated in a random effect model using DerSimonian and Laird (DL), Paule–Mandel (PM), Restricted maximum-likelihood (REML), Hartung Knapp and Sidik Jonkman (HKSJ) methods. The results were reported using median and interquartile range (IQR) for continuous data and frequencies for categorical data and analyzed using non-parametric tests. The Boruta algorithm was used to assess the significant predictors for the significant change in the confidence interval between the different methods compared to the DL method, which was only feasible using the HKSJ method.

Results
146 MAs were included, most applying the random effect model (n = 111; 76%) and pooling continuous data using mean difference (n = 121; 83%). The median number of studies was three (range 2, 4), and the overall statistical heterogeneity (I2 ranged from 0 to 99% with a median of 68%). Close to 60% of the significant findings became non-significant when HKSJ was applied compared to the DL method and when the heterogeneity was present I2>0%. On the other hand, 30.43% of the non-significant meta-analyses using the DL method became significant when HKSJ was used when the heterogeneity was absent I2 = 0%.

Conclusion
Orthodontic MAs with few studies can produce different results based on the between-study variance method and the statistical heterogeneity level. Compared to DL, HKSJ method is overconservative when I2 is greater than 0% and may result in false positive findings when the heterogeneity is absent.
Feasibility and utility of in-home body weight support harness system use in young children treated for spinal muscular atrophy: A single-arm prospective cohort study
Authors: Iammarino Megan A. , Alfano Lindsay N. , Reash Natalie F. , Sabo Brenna , Conroy Sara , Noritz Garey , Wendland Madalynn , Lowes Linda P. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This single-arm prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and utility of in-home body weight support harness system (BWSS) use in children treated for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Methods
Individuals with 2 or 3 copies of SMN2 who received pharmacotherapeutic treatment, had head control, and weight <50lbs were enrolled. Families were provided a BWSS and documented use. Motor outcome assessments were completed at baseline, month 3 and month 6. Families provided feedback in an end of study survey.

Results
All 32 participants (2.9 (SD 1.9) yrs), improved or remained stable on all outcomes. Average reported frequency of use was 4.1(2.3) hrs/week. Controlling for other covariates, frequency of use explained over 70% of the variability in change scores. Family feedback was overwhelmingly positive.

Conclusion
Use of in-home BWSS is a safe, feasible and useful option to increase exercise dosage after treatment in SMA and may help optimize motor abilities.

Trial registration
Study registered with: Clinicaltrials.gov
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05715749.
12 jours à Nuku Hiva: Rencontres et révolte russe dans le Pacifique Sud (12 Days at Nuku Hiva: Russian Encounters and Mutiny in the South Pacific), Elena Govor (2021)
Authors: Cagnasso Richard 
Published: March 2024

Review of: 12 jours à Nuku Hiva: Rencontres et révolte russe dans le Pacifique Sud (12 Days at Nuku Hiva: Russian Encounters and Mutiny in the South Pacific), Elena Govor (2021)
Leiden: Sidestone Press, 406 pp.,
ISBN 978 9 46426 018 2 (pbk), €60
Upoštevanje vodila »Ne oživljaj
Authors: Kalender Smajlović Sedina 
Published: March 2024

Uvod: Med oblike odločitev za prenehanje aktivnega zdravljenja spada vodilo »Ne oživljaj.«. Raziskave navajajo, da vloga medicinske sestre pri upoštevanju vodila vključuje pomoč pacientom, družinam, članom zdravstvenega tima pri sprejemanju informiranih odločitev. Namen pregleda literature je raziskati izkušnje in stališča medicinskih sester do upoštevanja vodila.Metode: Uporabljen je bil integrativni pregled literature v obdobju od leta 2012 do leta 2022 v podatkovnih bazah COBIB, CINAHL in PubMed s ključnimi besedami: »vodilo Ne oživljaj.«, »medicinske sestre«, »do not resuscitate orders« in »nurses«. Potek pregleda literature prikazuje diagram PRISMA. V integrativni pregled je bilo vključenih osemnajst raziskav. Uporabljena je bila metoda vsebinskega združevanja in primerjava spoznanj vključenih raziskav.Rezultati: Na podlagi analize člankov smo oblikovali tri kategorije: (1) dejavniki v povezavi z etiko zdravstvene nege, (2) demografski in poklicni dejavniki medicinskih sester in (3) dejavniki medsebojnih odnosov (družina, družba).Diskusija in zaključek: : Rezultati so pokazali, da na vprašanja, povezana z življenjem in smrtjo, vplivajo kultura, verska prepričanja družbe in pogled na avtonomijo. Medicinske sestre izražajo pomen upoštevanja pravic pacientov, pomen izobraževanja in dodatnega usposabljanja. Pojavljajo se tudi različne interpretacije o upoštevanju vodila »Ne oživljaj.«. Izražajo tudi potrebo po razpravi znotraj interdisciplinarnih timov, s pacienti in njihovimi družinami.
Optimisation of material composition in functionally graded plates for thermal stress relaxation using statistical design support system
Authors: Chiba Ryoichi , Sugano Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study addresses the optimisation of material composition in a functionally graded plate for thermal stress relaxation, subjected to through-thickness thermal gradients, with the aim of minimising a stress utilisation ratio. We simplify the problem by approximating the functionally graded plate as a multi-layered plate. Material compositions in individual layers are optimised using a statistical design support system (SDSS), incorporating design of experiments and mathematical programming techniques. The volume fractions of ceramic constituent in the respective layers are considered as design variables, and an analytical solution for transient thermal stresses is utilised to evaluate the objective function. The optimisation results obtained using the SDSS are compared with those from a genetic algorithm (GA) to validate the applicability of the proposed method. Our findings indicate that the SDSS replicates the ceramic volume fraction distribution optimised by the GA, while significantly reducing optimisation time.
The Big Three diagnostic errors through reflections of Japanese internists
Authors: Kunitomo Kotaro , Gupta Ashwin , Harada Taku , Watari Takashi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To analyze the Big Three diagnostic errors (malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases) through internists’ self-reflection on their most memorable diagnostic errors.

Methods
This secondary analysis study, based on a web-based cross-sectional survey, recruited participants from January 21 to 31, 2019. The participants were asked to recall the most memorable diagnostic error cases in which they were primarily involved. We gathered data on internists’ demographics, time to error recognition, and error location. Factors causing diagnostic errors included environmental conditions, information processing, and cognitive bias. Participants scored the significance of each contributing factor on a Likert scale (0, unimportant; 10, extremely important).

Results
The Big Three comprised 54.1 % (n=372) of the 687 cases reviewed. The median physician age was 51.5 years (interquartile range, 42–58 years); 65.6 % of physicians worked in hospital settings. Delayed diagnoses were the most common among malignancies (n=64, 46 %). Diagnostic errors related to malignancy were frequent in general outpatient settings on weekdays and in the mornings and were not identified for several months following the event. Environmental factors often contributed to cardiovascular disease-related errors, which were typically identified within days in emergency departments, during night shifts, and on holidays. Information gathering and interpretation significantly impacted infectious disease diagnoses.

Conclusions
The Big Three accounted for the majority of cases recalled by Japanese internists. The most relevant contributing factors were different for each of the three categories. Addressing these errors may require a unique approach based on the disease associations.
Photodegradation stability of huminated European pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) microveneers
Authors: Ghavidel Amir , Hosseinpourpia Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Humins are heterogeneous and polydisperse furanic macromolecules derived from sugar biorefinery. Improving wood properties by humination has become of interest recently. This study examined the photodegradation stability of European pine sapwood microveneers modified with humins at different concentrations of citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA) as reaction catalysts, e.g., 1.5 %, 3 %, and 4.5 % wt.%. The photostability of huminated wood was assessed after 48 h, 96 h, and 144 h of exposure to the accelerated weathering test by means of mass loss and finite-span tensile strength. The results were compared with unmodified and also unweathered samples. The FT-IR spectroscopy showed apparent changes in the chemical structure of wood by humination modifications. The weight percentage gains of the samples increased with increasing the concentration of the catalyst. While no differences were observed between the samples after two weeks of the water leaching. The strength losses of weathered microveneers were, however, mostly reduced by humin-based formulas containing catalysts, where the microveneers modified with 1.5 % and 3 % CA showed respectively 32 % and 41 % lower strength loss values than the unmodified samples after 144 h of weathering. Overall, the results showed a high potential for humins to protect wood against photodegradation.
Constructional sources of durational shortening in discourse markers
Authors: Brown Esther L. , Rivas Javier 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Using naturally occurring data from Spanish from Madrid, this study is the first to analyze durations of the Spanish word decir ‘to say, to tell’ both as a verb with prepositional meaning and as part of the reformulating construction [es decir] ‘that is to say’ (N = 388). We show that, although it is neither highly grammaticalized nor frequent, [es decir] undergoes phonological reduction to a significantly greater degree than the more frequent lexical source decir ‘to say’. Results of linear mixed-effects models predicting target duration suggest these durational differences cannot be explained due to conditioning factors of the target context controlled in this analysis (speech rate of the target word context, predictability of following words, number of phones, distance from pause). They do not appear to stem from an accumulation in memory of patterns of likelihood of use in those conditioning environments. We propose that [es decir] is stored as a lexical unit that contains as part of the lexical representation shorter word durations relative to the lexical form decir and that this durational shortening is part of the [reformulator] construction.
Importance of riparian vegetation and wood-pastures in the maintenance of bat assemblages in a highly fragmented landscape in Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Castro-Luna Alejandro Antonio , González-Marín Rosa María , Galindo-González Jorge , Hernández-Dávila Omar Antonio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To investigate whether trees and palms scattered in pastures contribute to the maintenance of bat assemblages in landscapes highly fragmented by livestock farming activities, we evaluated the bat assemblages and foraging guilds between wooded pastures and riparian vegetation. Using mist nets, we captured 1013 bats from 29 species and four taxonomic families. We found that the abundance, richness, and composition of bat species were not significantly different between vegetation types. Frugivores were the most abundant guild, and their abundance did not differ between vegetation types, indicating that wood-pastures allow the presence of these bats in the landscape. On the other hand, insectivores were more abundant in riparian vegetation and, interestingly, nectarivores were more abundant in pastures, likely due to the great plasticity of species of the genus Glossophaga. Our results are encouraging, since they demonstrate that a rustic pasture management that promoting the presence of scattered trees and palms along with belts of riparian vegetation, allows the maintenance of bat assemblages in a highly fragmented landscape.
Design optimization of bellow joints used in liquid propellant rocket engines
Authors: Acar Erdem , Öztürkler Oğulcan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bellow joints are frequently used in hydraulic lines, constructions, and various areas such as nuclear stations to absorb the energy caused by flow and external forces, provide flexibility to the lines, and prevent damages such as cracking and deterioration in the flow lines. There exist various types of bellow joints (e.g., axial type, gimbal type, and hinge type) that allow axial, lateral, and angular movements. Bellow joints that assist thrust vector control in liquid propellant rocket engines prevent the hydraulic lines from being damaged during the orientation movements of the missile. While providing this flexibility to the lines in rocket engines, they create additional force against the linear actuators that move the liquid motor nozzle. This additional force causes the need for larger actuators, resulting in more weight and volume. In this study, design optimization of the bellow joint used in liquid propellant rocket engines is conducted to minimize the force transferred to the actuators by minimizing the bending moment developed in the bellow joint. It is found that the bending moment developed in the bellow joint could be reduced by a significant rate of 75 % without compromising the structural integrity of the bellow joint.
Microscopic seepage simulation of gas and water in shale pores and slits based on VOF
Authors: Wang Benqiang , Han Denglin , Lin Wei , Nie Xin , Wang Chenchen , Zhang Jizhen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The microscopic pore-fracture structure and wettability have a significant influence on the two-phase seepage of shale gas and water. Due to the limitation of experimental conditions, the seepage patterns of gas and water in shale pores and slits under different wetting conditions have not been clarified yet. In this study, the three-dimensional digital rock models of shale inorganic pores, organic pores, and microfractures are established by focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy scanning, and gas-driven water seepage simulation in shale microscopic pore-fracture structure under different wetting conditions is carried out based on volume of fluid method. The simulation results show that the gas–water relative permeability curves of microfractures are up-concave, and the gas–water relative permeability curves of inorganic and organic pores are up-convex; the gas–water two-phase percolation in microfractures is least affected by the change of wettability, the gas–water two-phase percolation in inorganic pores is most affected by the change of wettability, and the organic pores are in between; the gas–water two-phase percolation zone of microfractures is the largest, and the isotonic saturation is the highest; under the water-wet conditions, the critical gas saturation of microfractures, inorganic pores, and organic pores are 0.13, 0.315, and 0.34, respectively, and the critical gas saturation of organic pores under non-water-wet conditions is 0.525, indicating that under water-bearing conditions, the shale gas flow capacity in water-wet microfractures is the strongest, followed by water-wet inorganic pores, water-wet organic pores, and hydrophobic organic pores, respectively.
„Schön, dich wieder zu sehen.“ Frühe Italienfotografien aus der Städel-Sammlung
Authors: Höhne Jennifer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Italien ist spätestens durch Johann Wolfgang von Goethes „Italienische Reise“ (1813–1817) zu einem Sehnsuchtsort geworden, der nicht nur meisterhafte Kunst und facettenreiche Landschaften verspricht, sondern auch das Potenzial zur persönlichen Selbstfindung birgt. Mit den modernen Reisemöglichkeiten der Eisenbahn wurde das Italienerlebnis auch breiten Bevölkerungsgruppen zugänglich; die Fotografie folgte auf dem Fuß. Zahlreiche Fotografen gründeten anlässlich des aufblühenden Tourismus Ateliers in italienischen Kulturzentren, darunter Rom, Neapel, Florenz und Venedig. Kunstliebhaber erwarben Fotografien der bewunderten Monumente, der aufkommenden Kunstgeschichte dienten die fotografischen Aufnahmen als Forschungs- und Studienmaterialien. Als einer der ersten erkannte der Maler und frühe Vertreter der Disziplin, Johann David Passavant (1787–1861) diese Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Fotografie und begann in den 1850er Jahren eine Lehrsammlung für das Städelsche Kunstinstitut in Frankfurt am Main, das heutige Städel Museum aufzubauen. Vom 23. Februar bis zum 3. September 2023 konnten sich nun Besucherinnen und Besucher des Museums im Rahmen der Ausstellung „Italien vor Augen. Frühe Fotografien ewiger Sehnsuchtsorte“ anhand von rund 90 Aufnahmen aus diesem Bestand auf eine fotografische Reise durch Italien begeben.
Thermal Effusivity Assessment of Sportswear Fabrics in the Dry State: Stacked and Air-Hoop Methods
Authors: Islam Md. Rashedul , Gholamreza Farzan , Golovin Kevin , Dolez Patricia I. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In recent years, thermal effusivity, a property that describes the warm or cool touch perception, has gained significant attention in the apparel industry as it contributes to human thermophysiological comfort. The current study aims to explore the thermal effusivity of 27 sportswear fabrics, including woven and knitted structures with various fiber contents, using the stacked method (according to ASTM D7984-21, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thermal Effusivity of Fabrics Using a Modified Transient Plane Source (MTPS) Instrument) and a modified air-hoop method. The results obtained revealed that the pressure range specified in ASTM D7984-21 (10–50 kPa) may cause fabric compression, resulting in the measurement of a material-based thermal effusivity rather than the fabric thermal effusivity. A pressure of 1 kPa was found to be more appropriate for obtaining accurate measurements of sportswear fabrics without altering their three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between the stacked and air-hoop methods for fabrics with thicknesses close to or greater than 0.4 mm. The air-hoop method simulates the configuration when the fabric is worn as part of a garment. The new knowledge provided by this research will enhance the accuracy of the thermal effusivity measurement of sportswear fabrics. It will contribute to the development of more comfortable fabrics considering realistic garment use scenarios.
BOUTIQUE HOTEL INTERIOR DESIGN OF THREEHOUSE SUITES IN PATI
Authors: Adyssa Tazkia Audrey , Atridia Wilastrina 
Published: March 2024

A boutique hotel is a hotel that has strong characteristics, one of which is its unique interior design style. The application of cultural elements is also an essential key for boutique hotels to attract guests. However, there is no focal element of the local culture at Treehouse Suites in Pati, Central Java. Therefore, the interior design needs to apply the elements of typical Pati decoration. This project aims to make the interior design of a boutique hotel that is convenient not only for recreational activities but also for guests traveling on business. The method used in the research is research and development. The steps include analysis of potential problems utilizing preliminary studies by means of literature review and field studies. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. This design is a design development through making design concepts and making design drawings.
The results of the interior design of the Treehouse Suites Boutique Hotel bring the concept of "Back to Nature," the coastal design style, and some decorations emblematic of Pati traditions, Central Java.