bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organotypic culture of human brain explants as a preclinical model for AI-driven antiviral studies
Authors: Partiot Emma , Gorda Barbara , Lutz Willy , Lebrun Solène , Khalfi Pierre , Mora Stéphan , Charlot Benoit , Majzoub Karim , Desagher Solange , Ganesh Gowrishankar , Colomb Sophie , Gaudin Raphael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractViral neuroinfections represent a major health burden for which the development of antivirals is needed. Antiviral compounds that target the consequences of a brain infection (symptomatic treatment) rather than the cause (direct-acting antivirals) constitute a promising mitigation strategy that requires to be investigated in relevant models. However, physiological surrogates mimicking an adult human cortex are lacking, limiting our understanding of the mechanisms associated with viro-induced neurological disorders. Here, we optimized the Organotypic culture of Post-mortem Adult human cortical Brain explants (OPAB) as a preclinical platform for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven antiviral studies. OPAB shows robust viability over weeks, well-preserved 3D cytoarchitecture, viral permissiveness, and spontaneous local field potential (LFP). Using LFP as a surrogate for neurohealth, we developed a machine learning framework to predict with high confidence the infection status of OPAB. As a proof-of-concept, we showed that antiviral-treated OPAB could partially restore LFP-based electrical activity of infected OPAB in a donor-dependent manner. Together, we propose OPAB as a physiologically relevant and versatile model to study neuroinfections and beyond, providing a platform for preclinical drug discovery.
Cytosolic DNA sensors in neurodegenerative diseases: from physiological defenders to pathological culprits
Authors: Xie Jiatian , Cheng Jinping , Ko Ho , Tang Yamei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCytosolic DNA sensors are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that vary in structures, molecular mechanisms, and origins but share a common function to detect intracellular microbial DNA and trigger the innate immune response like type 1 interferon production and autophagy. Cytosolic DNA sensors have been proven as indispensable defenders against the invasion of many pathogens; however, growing evidence shows that self-DNA misplacement to cytoplasm also frequently occurs in non-infectious circumstances. Accumulation of cytosolic DNA causes improper activation of cytosolic DNA sensors and triggers an abnormal autoimmune response, that significantly promotes pathological progression. Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of neurological disorders characterized by neuron loss and still lack effective treatments due to a limited understanding of pathogenesis. But current research has found a solid relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and cytosolic DNA sensing pathways. This review summarizes profiles of several major cytosolic DNA sensors and their common adaptor protein STING. It also discusses both the beneficial and detrimental roles of cytosolic DNA sensors in the genesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Loss of FoxO1 activates an alternate mechanism of mitochondrial quality control for healthy adipose browning
Authors: Shi Limin , Yang Jinying , Tao Zhipeng , Zheng Louise , Bui Tyler F. , Alonso Ramon L. , Yue Feng , Cheng Zhiyong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Browning of white adipose tissue is hallmarked by increased mitochondrial density and metabolic improvements. However, it remains largely unknown how mitochondrial turnover and quality control are regulated during adipose browning. In the present study, we found that mice lacking adipocyte FoxO1, a transcription factor that regulates autophagy, adopted an alternate mechanism of mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial turnover and quality control during adipose browning. Post-developmental deletion of adipocyte FoxO1 (adO1KO) suppressed Bnip3 but activated Fundc1/Drp1/OPA1 cascade, concurrent with up-regulation of Atg7 and CTSL. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis was stimulated via the Pgc1α/Tfam pathway in adO1KO mice. These changes were associated with enhanced mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic health (e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity). By contrast, silencing Fundc1 or Pgc1α reversed the changes induced by silencing FoxO1, which impaired mitochondrial quality control and function. Ablation of Atg7 suppressed mitochondrial turnover and function, causing metabolic disorder (e.g., impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity), regardless of elevated markers of adipose browning. Consistently, suppression of autophagy via CTSL by high-fat diet was associated with a reversal of adO1KO-induced benefits. Our data reveal a unique role of FoxO1 in coordinating mitophagy receptors (Bnip3 and Fundc1) for a fine-tuned mitochondrial turnover and quality control, underscoring autophagic clearance of mitochondria as a prerequisite for healthy browning of adipose tissue.
Pre‐trained low‐light image enhancement transformer
Authors: Zhang Jingyao , Hao Shijie , Rao Yuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLow‐light image enhancement is a longstanding challenge in low‐level vision, as images captured in low‐light conditions often suffer from significant aesthetic quality flaws. Recent methods based on deep neural networks have made impressive progress in this area. In contrast to mainstream convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based methods, an effective solution inspired by the transformer, which has shown impressive performance in various tasks, is proposed. This solution is centred around two key components. The first is an image synthesis pipeline, and the second is a powerful transformer‐based pre‐trained model, known as the low‐light image enhancement transformer (LIET). The image synthesis pipeline includes illumination simulation and realistic noise simulation, enabling the generation of more life‐like low‐light images to overcome the issue of data scarcity. LIET combines streamlined CNN‐based encoder‐decoders with a transformer body, efficiently extracting global and local contextual features at a relatively low computational cost. The extensive experiments show that this approach is highly competitive with current state‐of‐the‐art methods. The codes have been released and are available at LIET.
Die COVID-19-Pandemie und ihr Einfluss auf die ärztliche Weiterbildung in der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie
Authors: Pollet Naomi , Trommer Maike , Shabli Sami , Marnitz Simone , Sharma Shachi Jenny 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die COVID-19-Pandemie hatte einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Gesundheitssystem und die klinische Weiterbildung. In dieser Publikation wurde mittels einer Umfrage der Einfluss der Pandemie auf die Weiterbildung von onkologisch tätigen Ärzt*innen in der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie untersucht.
Methodik Die Umfrage enthielt 53 Fragen zu den Einsatzbereichen, zur alltäglichen Arbeit, zu Teamveranstaltungen und zu Weiterbildungsaspekten während der Pandemie. Insgesamt haben 497 onkologisch tätige Ärzt*innen teilgenommen, von denen 131 Teilnehmer*innen im Bereich der Kopf-Hals-Onkologie tätig waren. Diese bestanden aus 99 (75,6%) Radioonkolog*innen, 10 (7,6%) Mund-Kiefer-Gesicht-Ärzt*innen sowie 22 (16,8%) HNO-Ärzt*innen.
Ergebnisse Knapp die Hälfte der Teilnehmer*innen gab an, unter einer klinischen Mehrbelastung gelitten zu haben und war deshalb weniger wissenschaftlich aktiv. Fortbildungsmöglichkeiten fanden überwiegend digital statt und waren deshalb oft weniger zugänglich. Insbesondere die klinische Weiterbildung mit Patientenkontakt war von der Pandemie stark negativ beeinflusst. Positive Effekte im Bereich von Kosten und Verfügbarkeit wurden bei externen Fortbildungen wie Kongressen beschrieben.
Conclusio Die Pandemie hat nachweislich einen negativen Einfluss auf viele Aspekte der Weiterbildung. Trotz Beschleunigung der Digitalisierung der Weiterbildung fehlten vielen Ärzt*innen der fachliche Austausch. Das Weiterentwickeln alternativer digitaler Lehrplattformen kann eine Möglichkeit bieten, ähnliche Situationen in der Zukunft besser zu bewältigen. Der persönliche Kontakt zu Mitarbeiter*innen und Vorgesetzten darf bei der Lehrqualität dabei nicht außer Acht gelassen werden.
Unveiling the direct and indirect effects of sibling size on happiness: evidence from adults in early and mid-adulthood in China
Authors: Li Honghui , Hiwatari Masato 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs China grapples with the dual policy challenges of declining birth rates and the pursuit of individual happiness, understanding the relationship between these two factors is important. This study empirically examined the influence of sibling size on happiness in China, distinguishing between direct and indirect channels of impact. Using data from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey, this analysis focused on how sibling size shapes individual income and education levels, which are both key determinants of happiness. It addressed the endogeneity issue inherent in sibling size by employing variations in the implementation of family planning policies across provinces in the 1970s as instrumental variables. The findings revealed an indirect relationship between sibling size and happiness; an increase in sibling size negatively affected both income and education levels, subsequently reducing happiness. This study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on the relationship between family size and individual happiness in China by offering nuanced insights into the channels through which these effects occur. This study also highlights the policy implications, suggesting that initiatives to raise the birth rate should be accompanied by efforts to enhance income and educational opportunities to foster individual happiness.
The influence of university library environment on student interactions and college students’ learning engagement
Authors: Zheng Zhenhua , Zeng Min , Huang Wenya , Sun Ning 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, learning engagement has received increasing attention from researchers. As a critical factor in college students’ academic achievement, learning engagement is significant in students’ long-term future development and social creativity. Present studies show that the overall level of college students’ learning engagement is low, which is highly unfavourable to educational quality and long-term development. There is no doubt about the position of the university library in academic circles. However, the influence of the university library environment on college students’ learning engagement has not been fully explored. The data in this study came from a survey of 45 Chinese universities. This paper investigates the relationship between the university library environment, students’ interaction, and students’ learning engagement. The results showed differences in Chinese college students’ learning engagement in liberal arts and sciences majors. The learning engagement of liberal arts majors is much lower than that of science students. We found that the library environment has an important influence on college students’ learning engagement. And the library environment can affect college students’ learning engagement through the intermediary role of interactive participation among students. In addition, for liberal arts students, the direct effect of the library environment on their learning engagement is more significant. However, for science students, the influence of the library environment on their learning engagement is more strongly intermediated by the students’ interaction. Therefore, future construction and renovation of library environments should cater not only to the diverse needs of different academic disciplines, especially liberal arts students who need special attention but also guide more students to interact friendly through the spatial characteristics of the library so as to improve the overall learning engagement of college students.
Excitation energy transfer and vibronic relaxation through light-harvesting dendrimer building blocks: A nonadiabatic perspective
Authors: Galiana Joachim , Lasorne Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

The light-harvesting excitonic properties of poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) extended dendrimers (tree-like π-conjugated macromolecules) involve a directional cascade of local excitation energy transfer (EET) processes occurring from the “leaves” (shortest branches) to the “trunk” (longest branch), which can be viewed from a vibronic perspective as a sequence of internal conversions occurring among a connected graph of nonadiabatically coupled locally excited electronic states via conical intersections. The smallest PPE building block that is able to exhibit EET, the asymmetrically meta-substituted PPE oligomer with one acetylenic bond on one side and two parallel ones on the other side (hence, 2-ring and 3-ring para-substituted pseudo-fragments), is a prototype and the focus of the present work. From linear-response time-dependent density functional theory electronic-structure calculations of the molecule as regards its first two nonadiabatically coupled, optically active, singlet excited states, we built a (1 + 2)-state-8-dimensional vibronic-coupling Hamiltonian model for running subsequent multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree wavepacket relaxations and propagations, yielding both steady-state absorption and emission spectra as well as real-time dynamics. The EET process from the shortest branch to the longest one occurs quite efficiently (about 80% quantum yield) within the first 25 fs after light excitation and is mediated vibrationally through acetylenic and quinoidal bond-stretching modes together with a particular role given to the central-ring anti-quinoidal rock-bending mode. Electronic and vibrational energy relaxations, together with redistributions of quantum populations and coherences, are interpreted herein through the lens of a nonadiabatic perspective, showing some interesting segregation among the foremost photoactive degrees of freedom as regards spectroscopy and reactivity.
Rapid coating of polyamide, polyurea, and polythiourea on metal–organic framework surfaces
Authors: Huang Yunmei , Qi Anheng , Li Siqi , Tang Lu , Zhao Yingbo , Li Tao 
Published: March 2024

Well-defined metal–organic framework (MOF)@polymer core–shell composite particles with polyamide, polyurea, and polythiourea as the shell layer have been constructed for the first time using non-solvent-induced surface-aimed polymerization. This surface polymerization method utilizes non-solvent-induced phase separation to concentrate and direct monomers onto MOF particle surfaces, thus completing the coating process in less than 5 min. The generalizability of this method has been demonstrated with different MOFs. Coating MOF particles with any of the three polymers can effectively improve the stability of the MOF in harsh chemical environments. When used for heavy metal removal, polythiourea-coated composite particles (MOF@HDA-PDTC) exhibited a drastically improved Hg(II) removal rate and full utilization of the thione groups for Hg(II) binding compared to their neat polymer counterparts. This highlights the unique benefit of this core–shell architecture for the optimization of diffusion.
A linear cross-coupled gate-driven quasi-floating bulk low-power wide input range transconductor
Authors: Sharma Kulbhushan , Sachdeva Ashish 
Published: March 2024

High linearity for a wider input voltage range and low-power operation of the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) are indispensable parameters for health care applications, which require high quality and accurate signal conditioning. However, achieving low-power operation along with high linearity at low supply voltages is challenging for OTA using conventional low-power and linearization techniques. This paper proposes an OTA based on a cross-coupled gate-driven quasi-floating bulk (CGDQFB) MOSFET and source-degenerated linearization techniques, which works at a supply of ±0.5 V. The post-layout simulations of the proposed OTA are performed in the 180 nm standard CMOS process, which shows a transconductance of 0.321 μS, an output impedance of 331 MΩ, an input impedance of 897 GΩ, a DC gain of 40.54 dB, a gain-bandwidth of 0.145 MHz, a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 51.09 dB for an input voltage range of 626.7 mV at a frequency of 100.39 Hz, and a power consumption of 0.45 μW. The proposed OTA shows an input common mode range of −0.34 to 0.4 V, an output voltage swing of −0.34 to 0.34 V, a common mode rejection ratio of 91.08 dB, and a consumption area of 23 965.92 µm2. Furthermore, with 200 Monte Carlo iterations, the proposed OTA shows variability for gain and THD of 0.003 and 0.036, respectively. The proposed CGDQFB OTA is a suitable contender for conditioning bio-signals used in health care applications.
The translator as a social activist in the digital age
Authors: Pálušová Martina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article presents a process-oriented, self-reflective study of my work translating a documentary play about anti-government protests in Belarus in 2020. It provides insights into the overlapping roles of translator, social activist and cultural mediator, and reflects on opportunities for collaboration in the digital sphere. Through an analysis of my own notes, interim versions of the translation, editorial revisions, correspondence and conversations with other participants, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of the various roles, stages and relationships found throughout the translation process, as well as the translator’s role in interacting with other stakeholders to express a unanimous protest against violence and oppression made possible by cooperation across borders in the digital sphere.
Animal-assisted psychotherapy in treatment of adults with depressive symptoms: A retrospective quasi-experimental study
Authors: McFalls-Steger Chris , Zottarelli Lisa , Patterson David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Animal-assisted psychotherapy (AAP), a subspeciality of animal-assisted therapy (AAT), is a relatively new and innovative treatment modality currently provided to all age groups with various mental and behavioral health issues in different clinical settings. As AAP has become more popular, there is a need to evaluate the use of this approach in therapeutic settings. This study assessed AAP in treating adults with depressive symptoms using a modified version of the Patient Questionnaire Depression Module (mPHQ-9). Secondary data were obtained from a therapy site specializing in AAP in the Denver Metro region of the United States from January 2015 to February 2021. Adult participants 18 years and older were assessed at intake and the approximately 6-month treatment mark. A paired-sample t-test found that AAP resulted in a statistically significant decrease in depressive symptomology, with modified PHQ-9 (mPHQ-9) scores from Intake to Time 2 (t
(50)
= 6.56,
p
< 0.001). The importance of animals in the participants’ decision to seek therapy also significantly influenced the change in depressive symptoms. The total variance explained by the importance of animals pre-treatment on depressive symptoms for adults with AAP was 8.1%,
F
(168.69, 1926.14) = 4.29,
p
= 0.044; moderate effect size (η2 = 0.46) was found. Clinical implications include the function of AAP, which requires a more accurate operational definition and a manualized AAP treatment protocol. AAP is a progressively growing intervention and a promising complementary modality to traditional therapeutic methods for adults with depressive symptoms.
Bayesian real-time classification of multi-messenger electromagnetic and gravitational-wave observations
Authors: Berbel Marina , Miravet-Tenés Miquel , Sharma Chaudhary Sushant , Albanesi Simone , Cavaglià Marco , Magaña Zertuche Lorena , Tseneklidou Dimitra , Zheng Yanyan , Coughlin Michael W , Toivonen Andrew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Because of the electromagnetic (EM) radiation produced during the merger, compact binary coalescences with neutron stars may result in multi-messenger observations. In order to follow up on the gravitational-wave (GW) signal with EM telescopes, it is critical to promptly identify the properties of these sources. This identification must rely on the properties of the progenitor source, such as the component masses and spins, as determined by low-latency detection pipelines in real time. The output of these pipelines, however, might be biased, which could decrease the accuracy of parameter recovery. Machine learning algorithms are used to correct this bias. In this work, we revisit this problem and discuss two new implementations of supervised machine learning algorithms, K-nearest neighbors and random forest, which are able to predict the presence of a neutron star and post-merger matter remnant in low-latency compact binary coalescence searches across different search pipelines and data sets. Additionally, we present a novel approach for calculating the Bayesian probabilities for these two metrics. Instead of metric scores derived from binary machine learning classifiers, our scheme is designed to provide the astronomy community well-defined probabilities. This would deliver a more direct and easily interpretable product to assist EM telescopes in deciding whether to follow up on GW events in real time.
From minimal strings towards Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity: on their resurgence, resonance, and black holes
Authors: Gregori Paolo , Schiappa Ricardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTwo remarkable facts about Jackiw–Teitelboim (JT) two-dimensional dilaton-gravity have been recently uncovered: this theory is dual to an ensemble of quantum mechanical theories; and such ensembles are described by a random matrix model which itself may be regarded as a special (large matter-central-charge) limit of minimal string theory. This work addresses this limit, putting it in its broader matrix-model context; comparing results between multicritical models and minimal strings (i.e. changing in-between multicritical and conformal backgrounds); and in both cases making the limit of large matter-central-charge precise (as such limit can also be defined for the multicritical series). These analyses are first done via spectral geometry, at both perturbative and nonperturbative levels, addressing the resurgent large-order growth of perturbation theory, alongside a calculation of nonperturbative instanton-actions and corresponding Stokes data. This calculation requires an algorithm to reach large-order, which is valid for arbitrary two-dimensional topological gravity. String equations—as derived from the Gel’fand–Dikii construction of the resolvent—are analyzed in both multicritical and minimal string theoretic contexts, and studied both perturbatively and nonperturbatively (always matching against the earlier spectral-geometry computations). The resulting solutions, as described by resurgent transseries, are shown to be resonant. The large matter-central-charge limit is addressed—in the string-equation context—and, in particular, the string equation for JT gravity is obtained to next derivative-orders, beyond the known genus-zero case (its possible exact-form is also discussed). Finally, a discussion of gravitational perturbations to Schwarzschild-like black hole solutions in these minimal-string models, regarded as deformations of JT gravity, is included—alongside a brief discussion of quasinormal modes.