bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Synthesis of [7]Helicene: Dramatic Effects of Olefin Additives and Aromatic Solvents in Asymmetric Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Grandbois Alain , Collins Shawn K. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe asymmetric synthesis of [7]helicene was accomplished in good ee (80 %) by kinetic resolution by means of asymmetric olefin metathesis. Three key factors contributed to the success of the kinetic resolution: the use of new Ru‐based olefin metathesis catalysts bearing C1‐symmetric N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands, simple olefins as additives to control the nature of the propagating alkylidene and hexafluorobenzene as a solvent.
Rapid Identification of Common Hexapyranose Monosaccharide Units by a Simple TOCSY Matching Approach
Authors: Gheysen Katelijne , Mihai Camelia , Conrath Karel , Martins José C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSolution NMR spectroscopy is a well established technique for non‐destructive characterization of the structures and conformations of complex oligo‐ and polysaccharides. One of the key experiments involves the use of 2D TOCSY to collect the 1H spins into groups that can be associated with the individual saccharide units that are present in the molecule under study. It is well known that the magnetization transfer rate through the 1H spin system during the TOCSY spin lock period is sensitive to the intervening 3J(H,H) scalar couplings, and therefore also to the saccharide stereochemistry. Here, we have investigated the potential to extract information on the stereochemistry of hexapyranose monosaccharide units directly from TOCSY spectra. Through a systematic experimental investigation of the magnetization transfer initiated from the anomeric 1H resonance in D‐glucose, D‐galactose and D‐mannose it is shown that a 100 ms spin lock time provides optimal spectroscopic discrimination between these three commonly occurring building blocks. A simple matching scheme is proposed as a new tool for rapid attribution of the TOCSY traces originating from the anomeric 1H resonances towards the underlying monosaccharide type. The scheme appears robust with regard to structural variations and fairly tolerant to incidental overlap. Its application provides useful guidance during the subsequent NMR assignment process, as demonstrated with the PS7F polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumonia. In addition, we show that our scheme affords a clear‐cut distinction between the α‐ and β‐epimers of D‐mannose‐type units, which can be difficult to discriminate by NMR analysis. Application to the N‐glycan 100.2 demonstrates the potential and wide applicability of this new discrimination approach.
Pleasantly surprising clients: a tactic in relationship marketing for building competitive advantage in the financial services sector
Authors: Bergeron Jasmin , Roy Jasmin 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe turbulent environment in which financial institutions evolve motivates strategic thinking aimed at competitive advantage. Drawing from the literature on relationship marketing, one potentially successful strategy at the level of front line service is for financial advisors to behave in a pleasantly surprising way toward their clients (e.g., acknowledging a family member's birthday; covering a parking expense; giving tickets to an entertainment venue). We examine both antecedents and consequences of clients' perceptions of their advisors behaving in a pleasantly surprising way toward them. Antecedents included advisors' customer orientation, knowledge of client, and sense of humour. Consequences included clients' trust, satisfaction, purchase intentions, and word‐of‐mouth intentions. Several strategic recommendations and research avenues following from these findings are offered. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defective Continuous Hydrogen‐Bond Networks: An Alternative Interpretation of IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Schmidt Diedrich A. , Miki Kazushi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe apply our previously developed deconvolution method and interpretation to analyze changes in the OH stretching band [ν(OH) band] of low‐concentration (≤0.2 m) aqueous solutions of NaCl and KCl. We treat these simple, monovalent ions as defects in the hydrogen‐bond network of pure water and quantify the changes in the spectra at low defect concentration with an “order parameter”. Order‐parameter analysis of difference spectra of the two solutions leads to hydration numbers of 7.0±1.0 and 5.9±0.3 for K+ and Na+, respectively. Additionally, we find that changes in the ν(OH) band due to low concentrations of ions result from changes in the topology of the hydrogen‐bond network.
Ab initio Studies on Li4+xTi5O12 Compounds as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhong Zhiyong , Ouyang Chuying , Shi Siqi , Lei Minsheng 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe structural and electronic properties of Li4+xTi5O12 compounds (with 0≤x≤6)—to be used as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries—are studied by means of first principles calculations. The results suggest that Li4Ti5O12 can be lithiated to the state Li8.5Ti5O12, which provides a theoretical capacity that is about 1.5 times higher than that of the compound lithiated to Li7Ti5O12. Further insertion of lithium species into the Li8.5Ti5O12 lattice results in a clear structural distortion. The small lattice expansion observed upon lithium insertion (about 0.4 % for the lithiated material Li8.5Ti5O12) and the retained [Li1Ti5]16dO12 framework indicate that the insertion/extraction process is reversible. Furthermore, the predicted intercalation potentials are 1.48 and 0.05 V (vs Li/Li+) for the Li4Ti5O12/Li7Ti5O12 and Li7Ti5O12/Li8.5Ti5O12 composition ranges, respectively. Electronic‐structure analysis shows that the lithiated states Li4+xTi5O12 are metallic, which is indicative of good electronic‐conduction properties.
Phonological processing deficits and the acquisition of the alphabetic principle in a severely delayed reader: a case study
Authors: Penney Catherine G. , Drover James , Dyck Carrie 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAt the end of first grade, TM did not know the alphabet and could read no words. He could not tap syllables in words, had difficulty producing rhyming words and retrieving the phonological representations of words, and he could not discriminate many phoneme contrasts. He learned letter‐sound correspondences first for single‐consonant onsets and then later for the final consonant in a word but had difficulty with letter‐sound associations for vowels. TM's ability to select a printed word to match a spoken word on the basis of the initial or final letter and sound was interpreted as evidence of Ehri's phonetic‐cue reading. Using the Glass Analysis method, the authors taught TM to read and he became an independent reader. We discuss how his phonological processing deficits contributed to his reading difficulties. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐Step Synthesis of 4,4′‐Dicyano‐2,2′‐bipyridine and Its Bis(4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Complex
Authors: Losse Sebastian , Görls Helmar , Groarke Robert , Vos Johannes G. , Rau Sven 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis report describes a new route for the fast, economical and effective one‐step synthesis and facile workup procedure of 4,4′‐dicyano‐2,2′‐bipyridine (dnbpy) and its corresponding ruthenium complexes. The complex [(tbbpy)2Ru(dnbpy)](PF6)2 was prepared for the first time (tbbpy = 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) and the solid‐state molecular structure was investigated with the help of a single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The influence of the dnbpy ligand on the metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) processes of the complex was studied. The compound shows two absorption maxima in the MLCT region of the UV/Vis spectrum at 418 and 510 nm and the emission is 116 nm redshifted in comparison to that of [(tbbpy)3Ru](PF6)2.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthesis, Structures, and Oxidation of Iridium(III) Alkyl Compounds Containing Thiolate and Dithiolate Ligands
Authors: Chan Ka‐Wang , Sau Yiu‐Keung , Zhang Qian‐Feng , Wong Wai‐Yeung , Williams Ian D. , Leung Wa‐Hung 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTreatment of [Ir(dtbpy){CH2CMe2Cc6H4(Ir–Cc)}(C6H4tBu‐2)] (1) (dtbpy = 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl) with the dichalcogenides R2Q2 in refluxing toluene afforded the chalcogenolate‐bridged dinuclear complexes [Ir(dtbpy) {CH2CMe2Cc6H4(Ir–Cc)}]2(μ‐QR)2 [RQ = pTolS (2), PhSe (3)]. Similarly, heating a solution of [Rh(dtbpy){CH2CMe2Cc6H4(Ir–Cc)}(CH2CMe2Ph)] and p‐tolyl sulfide in toluene at reflux gave [Rh(dtbpy){CH2CMe2Cc6H4(Ir–Cc)}]2(μ‐SpTol)2 (4). Treatment of [Ir(dtbpy)(CH2CMe2Ph)Cl]2(μ‐Cl)2 with Na(Sxyl) (xyl = 2,6‐dimethylphenyl) and Na2(S∧S) afforded [Ir(dtbpy)(CH2CMe2Ph)(Sxyl)2]2 (5) and [Ir(dtbpy)(CH2CMe2Ph)(S∧S)]2 {S∧S2– = maleonitriledithiolate (6), toluene‐3,4‐dithiolate (7), benzene‐1,2‐dithiolate (8)}. Oxidation of compound 8 with AgOTf (OTf– = triflate) resulted in dimerization of the bdt2– ligand by S–S bond formation and the isolation of [Ir2(dtbpy)2(CH2Me2Ph)2{(bdt)2}][OTf]2 (9). The solid‐state structures of compounds 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9 were determined. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Neutral Hexacoordinate Silicon(IV) Complexes with SiS2O2N2 Skeletons
Authors: Metz Stefan , Burschka Christian , Tacke Reinhold 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA series of novel hexacoordinate silicon(IV) complexes with two tridentate dianionic S,N,O ligands was synthesized, starting from Si(NCO)4. All the compounds synthesized were structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and/or solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. In addition, most of the compounds were characterized by solution NMR spectroscopy.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
The First Metal Complexes of the Proton Sponge 1,8‐Bis(N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene: Syntheses and Properties
Authors: Wild Ute , Hübner Olaf , Maronna Astrid , Enders Markus , Kaifer Elisabeth , Wadepohl Hubert , Himmel Hans‐Jörg 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this work we report on the syntheses and properties of the first transition metal complexes of the proton sponge 1,8‐bis(N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (btmgn). Of the three complexes [(btmgn)PdCl2], [(btmgn)PtCl2] and [(btmgn)PtCl2(C2H4)], the first two feature a chelating btmgn ligand that is bound to the metal atom through two nitrogen atoms. Only one metal–N bond is established in [(btmgn)PtCl2(C2H4)]. The molecular structures of [(btmgn)PdCl2] and [(btmgn)PtCl2] show some interesting details. X‐ray crystallographic studies reveal that the naphthyl aromatic systems in both complexes are not planar, the metal atoms reside above the “best‐plane” of the naphthyl systems and the compounds adopt a chiral conformation in the crystalline phase. Several dynamic processes of the two guanidinyl groups in solution were identified by line‐shape analysis of the temperature‐dependent NMR spectra. The complex [(btmgn)PtCl2(C2H4)] eliminates ethylene at elevated temperature to give [(btmgn)PtCl2]. Quantum chemical (DFT) calculations indicate that the ΔG0 value for this reaction is close to zero. Indeed the compound [(btmgbp)PtCl2] {btmgbp = 2,2′‐bis(N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylguanidino)biphenyl} in which the naphthyl group is replaced by a biphenyl group is not amenable to ethylene elimination. First experiments point to interesting catalytic properties of the new complexes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
One‐Pot Dual Substitutions of Bromobenzyl Chloride, 2‐Chloromethyl‐6‐halogenoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine and ‐[1,2‐b]pyridazine by Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Henry Nicolas , Enguehard‐Gueiffier Cécile , Thery Isabelle , Gueiffier Alain 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA very simple, mild and inexpensive palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of (hetero)arylboronic acids with benzylic halides occurs in good yield. This method was successfully expanded to two heterocyclic electrophiles and allowed one‐pot dual substitutions of bromobenzyl chloride, 2‐chloromethyl‐6‐halogenoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine or ‐[1,2‐b]pyridazine, leading to numerous new unsymmetrical methylene‐linked biaryl systems. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Motivational correlates of need for cognition
Authors: Steinhart Yael , Wyer Robert S. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractNeed for cognition is usually characterized as an intrinsic desire to engage in challenging intellectual activity. In achievement situations, however, it could be associated with more extrinsic goals such as success or the avoidance of failure. Three experiments examined this possibility. Participants in all studies were led to believe they would perform either an easy or a difficult intellectual task that they were likely to fail. After inducing this expectation, indices of extrinsic motivation were obtained. Participants with high need for cognition became more motivated to avoid negative consequences of their behavior (e.g., failure) when they expected the task they would perform to be difficult. In contrast, participants with low need for cognition were not appreciably affected by these expectancies. The anticipation of engaging in intellectual activity apparently stimulates different motives in people with high and low need for cognition, and the mindset induced by these motives influences their later behavioral decisions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A mechanical model for elastomeric seismic isolation bearings including the influence of axial load
Authors: Yamamoto Sachie , Kikuchi Masaru , Ueda Masaiki , Aiken Ian D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractFor the purpose of predicting the large‐displacement response of seismically isolated buildings, an analytical model for elastomeric isolation bearings is proposed. The model comprises shear and axial springs and a series of axial springs at the top and bottom boundaries. The properties of elastomeric bearings vary with the imposed vertical load. At large shear deformations, elastomeric bearings exhibit stiffening behavior under low axial stress and buckling under high axial stress. These properties depend on the interaction between the shear and axial forces. The proposed model includes interaction between shear and axial forces, nonlinear hysteresis, and dependence on axial stress. To confirm the validity of the model, analyses are performed for actual static loading tests of lead–rubber isolation bearings. The results of analyses using the new model show very good agreement with the experimental results. Seismic response analyses with the new model are also conducted to demonstrate the behavior of isolated buildings under severe earthquake excitations. The results obtained from the analyses with the new model differ in some cases from those given by existing models. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weight limits, estimations of future BMI, subjective pubertal timing and physical appearance comparisons among adolescent girls as precursors of disturbed eating behaviour in a community sample
Authors: Berger Uwe , Weitkamp Katharina , Strauss Bernhard 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveFrom a clinical point of view, a high ‘objective’ BMI or an early biological onset of puberty are well‐known risk factors for eating disorders. In contrast, little is known about irrational beliefs and subjective meanings of body weight and pubertal timing.MethodMostly using standardised questionnaires, 136 girls with an average age of 12 years were asked to report their eating behaviour, (body) self‐esteem, body dissatisfaction, weight limits, estimations of future BMI, subjective pubertal timing and appearance‐related social comparisons.ResultsResults showed significant correlations between disturbed eating behaviour and the existence of a weight limit, which was reported by 45% of the girls. Twenty two per cent wished to have a future BMI beneath the 10th percentile. In terms of pubertal timing, girls who perceived themselves as either ‘early starters’ or ‘late starters’ reported significantly more risky eating behaviour.ConclusionsResults are discussed with a focus on the psychotherapeutic use of our findings as well as the opportunity for the development of preventive strategies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Factors associated with non‐use of antipsychotics among older residents with schizophrenia in long‐term institutional care
Authors: Alanen Hanna‐Mari , Finne‐Soveri Harriet , Leinonen Esa 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate factors associated with non‐use of antipsychotics among older schizophrenia residents in long‐term institutional care.DesignA retrospective study was designed using cross‐sectional data gathered between 1 January and 30 June 2006 in Finland. Data were extracted from the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) database, based on Minimum Data Set for long‐term care facilities (MDS‐LC) assessments.ParticipantsResidents with schizophrenia 65 years or older were included, giving a total of 356 patient assessments.ResultsThe prevalence of older schizophrenia residents not receiving any antipsychotic medication was 18.5%. Factors independently associated with non‐use of antipsychotics in the logistic regression model were: severe degree of functional impairment, severely impaired vision, any diagnosis of dementia and severe underweight. There was a negative association between non‐use of antipsychotics and a factor ‘had arrived from a psychiatric hospital’.ConclusionsSevere degree of functional impairment and dementia were the main findings associated with non‐use of antipsychotics in this resident group. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What do we know about quality of life in dementia? A review of the emerging evidence on the predictive and explanatory value of disease specific measures of health related quality of life in people with dementia
Authors: Banerjee Sube , Samsi Kritika , Petrie Charles D. , Alvir Jose , Treglia Michael , Schwam Ellias M. , del Valle Megan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveGiven its complexity, there is growing consensus on the need to measure patient‐rated broad outcomes like health‐related quality of life (HRQL) as well as discrete functions like cognition and behaviour in dementia. This review brings together current data on the distribution, determinants and course of HRQL in dementia to investigate the predictive and explanatory value of measures of HRQL in people with dementia.DesignA systematic review of papers in English published up to October 2007 to identify data on the use of disease‐specific measures of HRQL in dementia.ResultsThere are no clear or consistent associations between socio‐demographic variables and HRQL. There is no convincing evidence that lower cognition or greater activity limitation is associated with lower HRQL. There is a strong suggestion that depression is consistently associated with decreased HRQL in dementia. However, the magnitude of the associations observed is moderate only and the proportion of variance explained is low suggesting that depression and HRQL are different constructs. We currently know almost nothing about the natural history of HRQL in dementia or what attributes or interventions promote or inhibit HRQL life for people with dementia.ConclusionsWhile in other illnesses there may be simple association between HRQL and an easily measurable clinical variable, in dementia this is not so. There are now instruments available with which to measure disease‐specific HRQL directly in clinical trials and other studies that can yield informative data. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The association of individual and facility characteristics with psychiatric hospitalization among nursing home residents
Authors: Becker Marion , Andel Ross , Boaz Timothy , Howell Timothy 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo examine resident and facility characteristics associated with psychiatric hospitalizations (PH) for Medicaid enrolled nursing home (NH) residents.MethodsParticipants were all Medicaid enrolled NH residents (n = 32,604) from all Medicaid certified nursing homes in Florida (n = 584) with complete data. We used individual demographic and diagnostic characteristics, as well as facility characteristics, to explore risk of psychiatric hospitalization in this dataset.ResultsUsing generalized estimating equations, we found that younger age, male gender, poor physical health, serious mental illness, dementia, and drug use disorder were associated with risk of psychiatric hospitalization. Most notably, residents under 65 were more than three times more likely to undergo psychiatric hospitalization and dementia was associated with a three‐fold increase in the risk of psychiatric hospitalization. Predictors of PH differed somewhat for younger and older residents. Among facility characteristics, greater facility size, low proportion of those paying via Medicare and high proportion of residents with serious mental illness were associated with increased risk of psychiatric hospitalization, whereas, low proportion of residents paying via Medicaid, high proportion of residents paying via Medicare, and low proportion of resident with serious mental illness were associated with reduced risk.ConclusionsBoth resident and facility characteristics impact risk for psychiatric hospitalization. Attention to identified predictors may reduce risk and improve outcomes for nursing home residents. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated specialty mental health care among older minorities improves access but not outcomes: results of the PRISMe study
Authors: Areán Patricia A. , Ayalon Liat , Jin Chengshi , McCulloch Charles E. , Linkins Karen , Chen Hongtu , McDonnell‐Herr Betsy , Levkoff Sue , Estes Carroll 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveIn this secondary data analysis of Primary Care Research in Substance Abuse and Mental Health for the Elderly (PRIMSe) study, we hypothesized that older minorities who receive mental health services integrated in primary care settings would have greater service use and better mental health outcomes than older minorities referred to community services.MethodWe identified 2,022 (48% minorities) primary care patients 65 years and older, who met study inclusion criteria and had either alcohol misuse, depression, and/or anxiety. They were randomized to receive treatment for these disorders in the primary care clinic or to a brokerage case management model that linked patients to community‐based services. Service use and clinical outcomes were collected at baseline, three months and six months post randomization on all participants.ResultsAccess to and participation in mental health /substance abuse services was greater in the integrated model than in referral; there were no treatment by ethnicity effects. There were no treatment effects for any of the clinical outcomes; Whites and older minorities in both integrated and referral groups failed to show clinically significant improvement in symptoms and physical functioning at 6 months.ConclusionsWhile providing services in primary care results in better access to and use of these services, accessing these services is not enough for assuring adequate clinical outcomes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.