bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllable Interface Engineering for the Preparation of High Rate Silicon Anode
Authors: Wang Lei , Lu Ji‐Jun , Li Shao‐Yuan , Xi Feng‐Shuo , Tong Zhong‐Qiu , Chen Xiu‐Hua , Wei Kui‐Xian , Ma Wen‐Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) is considered to be the promising candidate anode for the next generation of high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the poor initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and rate performance severely hinder its commercial development. Here, fully exploits the 2D structure of photovoltaic silicon waste (PV‐WSi), combining with the advantage of controllable depositing layers offered by fluidized bed atomic layer deposition (FBALD), to simultaneously achieve high ICE and highrate performance of Si‐based anodes. The characteristic of Li+ embedding vertically into the plane direction of the 2D sheet‐like structure of PV‐WSi helps shorten the diffusion distance, alleviating the pulverization problem caused by volume expansion. FBALD is utilized to controllably deposit Li2O (≈1 nm) and TiO2 (≈4 nm) layers to compensate for the loss of Li sources, further suppressing the volume expansion of Si and isolating the side reactions between Si and electrolyte. The prepared Si@Li2O@TiO2 demonstrates ultrahigh ICE (90.9%) and outstanding rate performance (>900 mAh g−1 at a rate of 20 A g−1). Full cells with the Si@Li2O@TiO2 anode and LiFePO4 cathode deliver a stable capacity of 100 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides new ideas for the development of high ICE, high‐rate Si‐based anodes based on low‐cost photovoltaic waste.
Multiscale Phonon Scattering for Ultra‐Low Thermal Conductivity in Co‐Doped ZrCoBi Half‐Heusler
Authors: Bao Xin , Liu Kejia , Xue Wenhua , Yao Honghao , Ma Xiaojing , Li Xiaofang , Ye Sheng , Cao Feng , Mao Jun , Zhang Qian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractZrCoBi‐based half‐Heuslers have great potential in thermoelectric power generation due to their high performance in both n‐ and p‐type constituents. In this work, Te and Ni is adopted as an n‐type co‐dopant to increase the carrier concentration and lower the lattice thermal conductivity of ZrCoBi. By further alloying with Sb at the Bi site, a large number of scattering centers of different scales are introduced, significantly reducing the lattice thermal conductivity to ≈1.2 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K and ≈0.96 W m−1 K−1 at 973 K in ZrCo0.94Ni0.06Bi0.775Te0.075Sb0.15. Consequently, the state‐of‐the‐art figure‐of‐merit zT ≈1.2 is achieved, and the average zT reached ≈0.66, which is higher than all of the reported n‐type ZrCoSb‐based and ZrCoBi‐based half‐Heusler alloys. This work provides an effective pathway for optimizing n‐type ZrCoBi alloys, laying the foundation for their further development and application in thermoelectric power generation.
Multimodal Technologies for Closed‐Loop Neural Modulation and Sensing
Authors: Li Lizhu , Zhang Bozhen , Zhao Wenxin , Sheng David , Yin Lan , Sheng Xing , Yao Dezhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExisting methods for studying neural circuits and treating neurological disorders are typically based on physical and chemical cues to manipulate and record neural activities. These approaches often involve predefined, rigid, and unchangeable signal patterns, which cannot be adjusted in real time according to the patient's condition or neural activities. With the continuous development of neural interfaces, conducting in vivo research on adaptive and modifiable treatments for neurological diseases and neural circuits is now possible. In this review, current and potential integration of various modalities to achieve precise, closed‐loop modulation, and sensing in neural systems are summarized. Advanced materials, devices, or systems that generate or detect electrical, magnetic, optical, acoustic, or chemical signals are highlighted and utilized to interact with neural cells, tissues, and networks for closed‐loop interrogation. Further, the significance of developing closed‐loop techniques for diagnostics and treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, depression, rehabilitation of spinal cord injury patients, and exploration of brain neural circuit functionality is elaborated.
Stimuli‐Mediated Macrophage Switching, Unraveling the Dynamics at the Nanoplatforms–Macrophage Interface
Authors: Ganguly Keya , Luthfikasari Rachmi , Randhawa Aayushi , Dutta Sayan Deb , Patil Tejal V. , Acharya Rumi , Lim Ki‐Taek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMacrophages play an essential role in immunotherapy and tissue regeneration owing to their remarkable plasticity and diverse functions. Recent bioengineering developments have focused on using external physical stimuli such as electric and magnetic fields, temperature, and compressive stress, among others, on micro/nanostructures to induce macrophage polarization, thereby increasing their therapeutic potential. However, it is difficult to find a concise review of the interaction between physical stimuli, advanced micro/nanostructures, and macrophage polarization. This review examines the present research on physical stimuli‐induced macrophage polarization on micro/nanoplatforms, emphasizing the synergistic role of fabricated structure and stimulation for advanced immunotherapy and tissue regeneration. A concise overview of the research advancements investigating the impact of physical stimuli, including electric fields, magnetic fields, compressive forces, fluid shear stress, photothermal stimuli, and multiple stimulations on the polarization of macrophages within complex engineered structures, is provided. The prospective implications of these strategies in regenerative medicine and immunotherapeutic approaches are highlighted. This review will aid in creating stimuli‐responsive platforms for immunomodulation and tissue regeneration.
Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Nitrocyclopropanes Bearing a Thioester Group and Three Stereogenic Centers
Authors: Wang Bingfu , Liu Jian , Jin Hui , Zhang Lixin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA two‐stage protocol was developed for accessing nitrocyclopropanes that bear a thioester group and three stereogenic centers. This protocol achieves practical overall yields ranging from 54% to 75%, along with high levels of stereoselectivity (single diastereomer with up to 98% ee). Brominated monothiomalonate (Br‐MTM) is used as an α‐bromo thioacetate equivalent, which reacts efficiently with nitroolefins in the presence of a low catalyst loading (0.5 mol%) of cinchona alkaloid squaramide under both “on water” and organic homogeneous conditions. The obtained α‐bromo‐γ‐nitrothioesters undergo an anti‐selective decarboxylation and intramolecular SN2 cyclization process, leading to the formation of desired cyclopropanes. Control experiments were conducted alongside computational studies in order to gain insights into the observed stereoselectivities.
Reductive Sn2+ Compensator for Efficient and Stable Sn‐Pb Mixed Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Qiuxiang , Xiong Jiaxing , Xing Yanjun , Gan Xinlei , Zhu Wendong , Xuan Rong , Liu Xiaohui , Huang Like , Zhu Yuejin , Zhang Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTin‐lead (Sn‐Pb) mixed perovskite with a narrow bandgap is an ideal candidate for single‐junction solar cells approaching the Shockley‐Queisser limit. However, due to the easy oxidation of Sn2+, the efficiency and stability of Sn‐Pb mixed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still lag far behind that of Pb‐based solar cells. Herein, highly efficient and stable FA0.5MA0.5Pb0.5Sn0.5I0.47Br0.03 compositional PSCs are achieved by introducing an appropriate amount of multifunctional Tin (II) oxalate (SnC2O4). SnC2O4 with compensative Sn2+ and reductive oxalate group C2O42− effectively passivates the cation and anion defects simultaneously, thereby leading to more n‐type perovskite films. Benefitting from the energy level alignment and the suppression of bulk nonradiative recombination, the Sn‐Pb mixed perovskite solar cell treated with SnC2O4 achieves a power conversion efficiency of 21.43%. More importantly, chemically reductive C2O42− effectively suppresses the notorious oxidation of Sn2+, leading to significant enhancement in stability. Particularly, it dramatically improves light stability.
Universal Approach to Direct Spatiotemporal Dynamic In Situ Optical Visualization of On‐Catalyst Water Splitting Electrochemical Processes
Authors: Bahuguna Gaurav , Patolsky Fernando 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reactions are the unrivaled backbone of next‐generation energy storage, energy conversion, and healthcare devices. However, the real‐time visualization of electrochemical reactions remains the bottleneck for fully exploiting their intrinsic potential. Herein, for the first time, a universal approach to direct spatiotemporal‐dynamic in situ optical visualization of pH‐based as well as specific byproduct‐based electrochemical reactions is performed. As a highly relevant and impactful example, in‐operando optical visualization of on‐catalyst water splitting processes is performed in neutral water/seawater. HPTS (8‐hydroxypyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonicacid), known for its exceptional optical capability of detecting even the tiniest pH changes allows the unprecedented “spatiotemporal” real‐time visualization at the electrodes. As a result, it is unprecedentedly revealed that at a critical cathode‐to‐anode distance, the bulk‐electrolyte “self‐neutralization” phenomenon can be achieved during the water splitting process, leading to the practical realization of enhanced additive‐free neutral water splitting. Furthermore, it is experimentally unveiled that at increasing electrolyte flow rates, a swift and severe inhibition of the concomitantly forming acidic and basic ‘fronts’, developed at anode and cathode compartments are observed, thus acting as a “buffering” mechanism. To demonstrate the universal applicability of this elegant strategy which is not limited to pH changes, the technique is extended to visualization of hypochlorite/ chlorine at the anode during electrolysis of sea water using N‐(4‐butanoic acid) dansylsulfonamide (BADS). Thus, a unique experimental tool that allows real‐time spatiotemporal visualization and simultaneous mechanistic investigation of complex electrochemical processes is developed that can be universally extended to various fields of research.
Vacancy and Growth Modulation of Cobalt Hexacyanoferrate by Porous MXene for Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Maiwen , Zhao Weinan , Yang Tingzhou , Gao Rui , Luo Dan , Park Hey Woong , Hu Yongfeng , Yu Aiping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrussian blue analogs (PBAs) featuring with 3D open framework are recognized as promising cathode candidates for Zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). However, challenges such as unsatisfactory active site utilization, low conductivity, and abundant structural vacancies have impeded fulfillment of their potential. In this work, a conductive in‐plane porous MXene is for the first time adopted as a multifunctional host material to enhance cobalt hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) growth and crystallinity. Particularly, the uniform surface charges on MXene are identified to induce anisotropic and highly crystalline CoHCF, which are critical to alleviating the practical drawbacks associated with the PBAs family. Empowered by the targeted modification, the CoHCF nanotube/MXene composite realizes high surface area and low defectiveness, resulting in an impressive capacity of 197 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and capacity retention of 95.3% over 3000 cycles at 2.0 A g−1. X‐ray spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) reveal that Co─C bonds in the heterostructure facilitate rapid electron/Zn‐ion transfer, enhancing Zn storage kinetics. To validate practical applicability, pouch cells incorporating Zn|CoHCF/MXene are further examined. This composition strategy, utilizing MXene as a multifunctional template, enhances the surface area, conductivity, and crystallinity of PBAs as cathodes for ZIBs, showcasing the significant potential for large‐scale energy storage applications.
Higher apical meristem in tall fescue as adaptation strategy to recurring short‐term inundation
Authors: Miquilini Marina , Ribeiro Ricardo Henrique , Bauman Spencer , Lyon Steve W. , Chiavegato Marília B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil inundation frequency and intensity in the central United States are predicted to increase because of climate change. Soil inundation is expected to negatively affect plant growth and persistency. Our objective was to measure tiller and apical meristem height, leaf area index (LAI), and leaf‐to‐stem ratio effects on tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.)) under different levels of soil inundation intensity. The study was conducted on a commercial farm in northwestern Ohio, from spring to fall 2021. Three different levels of inundation were observed and assigned as treatments: no inundation, low inundation (LI), and high inundation (HI). LI and HI were defined by the duration on which the soil was inundated after heavy rain events: 1–2 and 3–5 days after rain, respectively. Meristem and tiller height were higher during spring (p < 0.001), and lower in late summer across treatments (p < 0.001). The higher LAI and leaf‐to‐stem ratio occurred in spring, probably due to higher leaf mass (p < 0.001). As seasons progressed, plant and meristem height, LAI, and leaf mass decreased (p < 0.001). Despite not being considered an inundation‐tolerant species, tall fescue showed morphological adaptation to the inundation levels of our study, suggesting that this species can be used to manage fields prone to short‐term inundation.
High risk of multiple gastric cancers in Japanese individuals with Lynch syndrome
Authors: Kanaya Nobuhiko , van Schaik Thijs A. , Aoki Hideki , Sato Yumiko , Taniguchi Fumitaka , Shigeyasu Kunitoshi , Sugano Kokichi , Akagi Kiwamu , Ishida Hideyuki , Tanakaya Kohji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimLynch syndrome (LS) is a dominantly inherited syndrome characterized by an increased risk for LS associated tumors such as colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical benefit of surveillance for GC remains unclear while it has already been recommended for CRC. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features of GC in Japanese individuals with LS, and the risk of developing multiple GCs to build regional‐tailored surveillance programs in LS patients with GC.MethodsData on Japanese individuals with LS were retrospectively collected from a single institution. The clinical features of GC, including the cumulative risk of multiple GCs, were analyzed.ResultsAmong 96 individuals with LS (MLH1/MSH2/MSH6, 75:20:1), 32 GC lesions were detected in 15 individuals with LS (male/female, 11:4). The median age at initial GC diagnosis was 52.7 y (range: 28–71). Histological examination revealed a predominance of intestinal type (19/24: 87.5%). Moreover, the majority of the GC lesions (82%) were determined to have high‐frequency of microsatellite instability. The cumulative risk of individuals with LS developing GC at 70 y was 31.3% (MLH1 36.1%, MSH2 18.0%). Notably, the cumulative risk of individuals with LS developing metachronous and/or synchronous GCs at 0, 10 and 20 y after initial diagnosis of GC was 26.7%, 40.7%, and 59.4%, respectively.ConclusionDue to a higher risk of developing multiple GCs, intensive surveillance might be especially recommended for Japanese individuals with LS associated initial GC.
In‐situ elemental reaction‐regulated Ag2S films enable the best thermoelectric performances
Authors: Xing Chengcheng , Qi Ruijuan , Chang Yi , Ma Xiaoming , Lei Yan , Zang Shuangquan , Zheng Zhi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSilver sulfide thin film, with excellent thermoelectric properties, is few reported due to the complex and time‐consuming high‐temperature or high‐pressure synthesis process. Here, a fast ionic conductor n‐type Ag2S film with good crystallinity and uniform density is prepared by sputtering metal Ag films of different thicknesses on glass and then reacting in S precursor solution at low temperature. At 450 K, β‐Ag2S films can be obtained and underwent a phase transition from α‐Ag2S monoclinic, which had a significant effect on their electrical and thermal properties. The grain size of Ag2S films increases with the increase of film thickness. Before and after the phase transition, the carrier concentration and mobility cause obvious changes in the electrical properties of Ag2S. The carrier concentration of body‐centered cubic phase β‐Ag2S is about three orders of magnitude higher than that of monoclinic phase α‐Ag2S, and the mobility is also 2–3 times that of the latter. Especially, after the phase transition, the conductivity of β‐Ag2S rises exponentially from the zero conductivity of α‐Ag2S and increases with the increase of temperature. The Ag2S film shows the highest figure of merit of 0.83 ± 0.30 at 600 K from the sample with ∼1600 nm thickness, which is the highest record among Ag2S‐based thermoelectric materials reported so far.
Three cases of neutralization of factor Xa inhibitors with andexanet alfa under rotational thromboelastography monitoring
Authors: Yagi Takeshi , Kawano Reina , Tomokage Takuto , Ayata Ryo , Koga Yasutaka , Kaneda Kotaro , Fujita Motoki , Yamanaka Nanami , Mori Naomasa , Tsuruta Ryosuke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFactor Xa inhibitors are direct oral anticoagulants that are extremely useful in clinical applications, safe, and do not require dose adjustment. It is desirable to be able to monitor their effects in the event of hemorrhagic complications requiring neutralization. However, it is difficult to monitor their activity and neutralization using conventional coagulation tests.Case PresentationWe report three patients taking factor Xa inhibitors who underwent rotational thromboelastography (ROTEM) monitoring before and after neutralization with andexanet alfa. All three patients had hemorrhagic complications that required neutralization of their factor Xa inhibitors using andexanet alfa. One ROTEM parameter, the EXTEM clotting time (EXTEM‐CT), was immediately shortened after andexanet alfa bolus administration, without subsequent extension of the EXTEM‐CT assessed 4 h after the bolus dose.ConclusionROTEM parameters, particularly EXTEM‐CT, might be useful for monitoring neutralization of factor Xa inhibitors.
Survival of a hemodynamically unstable pediatric liver trauma patient with aortic balloon occlusion catheter during air transport: A case report
Authors: Miyake Yuichi , Okishio Yuko , Shibata Naoaki , Kawashima Shuji , Nasu Toru , Ueda Kentaro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe utility of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in children remains unclear.Case PresentationAn 11‐year‐old patient with liver trauma with massive extravasation was transported to a local hospital, where an emergency trauma surgery was unavailable. Following the placement of REBOA as a bridge to hemostasis, she was transferred to our hospital by a firefighting helicopter with balloon occlusion. Immediately, she underwent damage control laparotomy and transcatheter arterial embolization. She was subsequently discharged from the hospital 6 months after the accident without complications.ConclusionREBOA as a bridge to hemostasis may be useful for pediatric patients.
A New Family of High Oxidation State Antiperovskite Nitrides: La3MN5 (M=Cr, Mn and Mo)
Authors: Yuan Yao , Yang Minghui , Kloß Simon D. , Attfield J. Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThree new nitrides La3MN5 (M=Cr, Mn, and Mo) have been synthesized using a high pressure azide route. These are the first examples of ternary Cs3CoCl5‐type nitrides, and show that this (MN4)NLa3 antiperovskite structure type may be used to stabilise high oxidation‐state transition metals in tetrahedral molecular [MN4]n− nitridometallate anions. Magnetic measurements confirm that Cr and Mo are in the M6+ state, but the M=Mn phase has an anomalously small paramagnetic moment and large cell volume. Neutron powder diffraction data are fitted using an anion‐excess La3MnN5.30 model (space group I4/mcm, a=6.81587(9) Å and c=11.22664(18) Å at 200 K) in which Mn is close to the +7 state. Excess‐anion incorporation into Cs3CoCl5‐type materials has not been previously reported, and this or other substitution mechanisms may enable many other high oxidation state transition metal nitrides to be prepared.
Desulfurdioxidative N‐N Coupling of N‐Arylhydroxylamines and N‐Sulfinylanilines: Reaction Development and Mechanism
Authors: Li Linwei , Zhou Yi , Xi Zhenguo , Guo Zhaoquan , Duan Ji‐Cheng , Yu Zhi‐Xiang , Gao Hongyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA highly efficient and chemoselective approach for the divergent assembling of unsymmetrical hydrazines through an unprecedented intermolecular desulfurdioxidative N−N coupling is developed. This metal free protocol employs readily accessible N‐arylhydroxylamines and N‐sulfinylanilines to provide highly valuable hydrazine products with good reaction yields and excellent functional group tolerance under simple conditions. Computational studies suggest that the in situ generated O‐sulfenylated arylhydroxylamine intermediate undergoes a retro‐[2π+2σ] cycloaddition via a stepwise diradical mechanism to form the N−N bond and release SO2.
Reversal of the Regioselectivity of Iron‐Promoted Hydrogenation and Hydrohalogenation of gem‐Difluoroalkenes
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Yang , Zhang Yuchen , Xue Xiao‐Song , Qing Feng‐Ling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe reaction regioselectivity of gem‐difluoroalkenes is dependent on the intrinsic polarity. Thus, the reversal of the regioselectivity of the addition reaction of gem‐difluoroalkenes remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we described an unprecedented reversal of regioselectivity of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) to gem‐difluoroalkenes triggered by Fe−H species for the formation of difluoroalkyl radicals. Hydrogenation of the in situ generated radicals gave difluoromethylated products. Mechanism experiments and theoretical studies revealed that the kinetic effect of the irreversible HAT process resulted in the reversal of the regioselectivity of this scenario, leading to the formation of a less stable α‐difluoroalkyl radical regioisomer. On basis of this new reaction of gem‐difluoroalkene, the iron‐promoted hydrohalogenation of gem‐difluoroalkenes for the efficient synthesis of aliphatic chlorodifluoromethyl‐, bromodifluoromethyl‐ and iododifluoromethyl‐containing compounds was developed. Particularly, this novel hydrohalogenation of gem‐difluoroalkenes provided an effect and large‐scale access to various iododifluoromethylated compounds of high value for synthetic application.
Assembly of manganese dioxide/polypyrrole electrode//activated carbon flexible asymmetric supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performances
Authors: Ma Shaoning , Wang Wei , Huang Ruimin , Hou Jiao , Wang Xingwei , Che Xingke , Ren Qiang , Li Yixuan , Hou Chunping 
Published: April 2024

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) often suffers from a slow electron transport, and so improving the charge transport capability of MnO2 is imminent. In here, crossed MnO2 nanosheets grown on carbon cloth (CC) are fabricated firstly and subsequently coated with a layer of polypyrrole (PPy) to prepare CC/MnO2/PPy (CC/MP) electrode. At 1 A g−1, the prepared electrode is able to deliver a specific capacitance of 328 F g−1. The flexible asymmetric supercapacitor consists of CC/MP and CC/activated carbon (CC/AC) separately as positive and negative electrodes and PVA‐H2SO4 as gel electrolyte. The assembled device exhibits a specific capacitance of 123.96 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1, reaches a voltage window of 1.6 V, has a capacitance retention of 96.46% after 8000 cycles, and produces an energy density of 25.67 W h kg−1 at a power density of 401.79 W kg−1, as well as an energy density of 8.78 W h kg−1 at a power density of 3902.22 W kg−1. The two devices in series can illuminate 1.8 V red light‐emitting diode (LED) light. These excellent electrochemical properties are ascribed to the unique heterostructure of the electrode composite. The outcomes indicate that the prepared CC/MP electrode and the corresponding device have huge potential applications in next‐generation high‐performance supercapacitor devices.