bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Additional Virtual Synchronous Generator Technology in VSC-MTDC Systems with Wind Power on System Frequency
Authors: Li Congshan , Zhao Kefeng , He Ping , Zhen Zikai 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
A frequency control strategy is proposed based on additional virtual synchronous
generator technology for voltage source converter-based multi-terminal high voltage direct
current systems with wind power.

Method:
This strategy addresses the system's inertia reduction and frequency stability issues caused
by integrating large amounts of wind power through multi-terminal DC transmission. Firstly, the
virtual synchronous generator mathematical model is constructed based on the system structure. Secondly,
for the problem of zero rotational inertia of voltage source converter in a flexible DC transmission
system, based on the P-U droop control method of the converter station, additional virtual
synchronous control generation technology is applied to simulate the P-f droop characteristics of the
synchronous generator by adding virtual rotational inertia, so that the converter has the inertial response
of synchronous generator to realize primary frequency regulation.

Result:
Finally, the simulation is verified on the PSCAD/ EMTDC platform with an example of a
three-terminal parallel MTDC transmission system.

Conclusion:
the analyzed results demonstrate that the virtual synchronous generator control strategy
is very valuable and useful for improving the frequency performance of the system.
A Brief Review on Medicinal and Edible Aspects of Ziziphus nummularia
Authors: Rani Poonam , Garg Munish , Chugh Chirag , Rathi Shikha , Dhankhar Sanchit , Garg Nitika , Chauhan Samrat , Saharan Renu , Kumar Suresh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Ziziphus genus, as traditional medicine, plays a major role in treating many different
diseases, such as pain, fever, diabetes, inflammation, and GIT disorders. Ziziphus is widely
found in tropical regions. In humans, Ziziphus species are generally safe, as well as non-toxic.
Ziziphus nummularia is native to Western India’s Thar Desert, South-Eastern Pakistan, as well
as the Southern Iran region. The plant has tremendous medicinal potential. It is also used in traditional
as well as folklore systems of medicine.
The Level of Knowledge and Performance of Iranian Medical Students in The Second Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shahvardizadeh Mohammad Shahin , Rezaei Faranak , Halimi Shahnaz , Delfani Somayeh , Shakib Pegah , Soroush Setareh 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
It has been four years since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition
to medical professionals, medical students have also been at the forefront of the fight against this
pandemic and, like them, have been highly susceptible to the virus. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the level of knowledge of Iranian medical students about COVID-19, preventive behaviors,
and their perception of risk in the second year of this pandemic.

Methods:
The study was conducted from January to October 2021 (during the fourth and fifth waves
of COVID-19) on Iranian medical students who were undergoing clinical courses in university hospitals.
In this study, an online questionnaire consisting of 48 questions in Persian was provided to the
students.

Results:
After sending an electronic questionnaire to the students, 401 medical students from
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences participated in the survey. Of these, 62.8% were studying
medicine in the medical field. About 66.1%, 69.1%, and 54.9% of medical students considered
common antiviral drugs, traditional medicine, and the flu vaccine to be ineffective in preventing
COVID-19, respectively. To effectively prevent the transmission of COVID-19, 72.6% of medical
students used 3-layer surgical masks, 18.7% relied on hand washing and personal hygiene alone,
73.6% advocated for mask usage by all members of the community, and 47.4% believed in using
N95 masks during intubation, suction, bronchoscopy, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In terms of
information sources, 65.1% of medical students trusted the opinions of doctors and nurses, and
40.6% obtained necessary information about the disease from these healthcare professionals.

Conclusions:
The basic and clinical knowledge of medical students was at an average level, indicating
the need for retraining courses to update their information and impart current knowledge. The
normalization of epidemic conditions for medical staff and the students under their supervision was
not prevalent among the students. This not only increases the likelihood of individuals contracting the
disease multiple times but also poses a potential source of contamination for society. Therefore, conducting
educational workshops in this field can significantly impact compliance with health protocols.
Comparison of Changes in Liver Function Tests in Pregnant Women with Mild and Severe COVID-19
Authors: Pooransari Parichehr , Pouransari Razieh , Gharib Laki Mahboobeh , Abedi Asl Zhila , Yavari Samira , Hosseiniara Reza 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
Some pregnancies are affected by liver dysfunction, and differentiating them
from possible liver dysfunction caused by COVID-19 in pregnancy will lead to a better therapeutic
approach and management.

Aims:
The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating changes in liver function
tests (LFTs) in pregnant women with mild and severe COVID-19.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, 130 pregnant women with COVID-19 were
examined in two referral hospitals in Iran in 2021-2022. COVID-19 was confirmed by reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and WHO guidelines. Pregnant women were
assigned into two categories of mild and severe COVID-19 based on clinical symptoms and radiologic
chest evaluation. Demographic and clinical data of women were recorded. The level of liver
enzymes AST, ALT, ALP, total and direct bilirubin was measured in all patients. Fever, oxygen
saturation level, preterm delivery, and maternal mortality were reported as final clinical outcomes
and compared in two groups.

Results:
Forty-nine pregnant women with severe COVID-19 and 81 pregnant women with mild
COVID-19 were matched in terms of demographic data. The proportion of women with abnormal
AST and ALT in the severe COVID-19 group was significantly higher than in the mild group
(p< 0.05). However, the proportion of women with abnormal ALP levels in the mild COVID-19
group was significantly higher than in the severe group. Moreover, there was no significant difference
between the two groups in terms of the proportion of women with abnormal levels of total
and direct bilirubin. Most pregnant women with severe COVID-19 (50%) had a hepatocellular
abnormality, while most women with mild COVID-19 (42%) had abnormalities in cholestasis
(p=0.003).

Conclusion:
According to the present findings, liver dysfunction and increased liver enzymes in
pregnant women with COVID-19 were related to the severity of the disease, and most women with
severe COVID-19 had hepatocellular abnormality, respectively. Therefore, pregnant women with
COVID-19 should be closely monitored for LFTs assessment.
Assessment of the Higher Education System as a Structural Component of the Region's Staffing
Authors: Zhukova V. S. , Ershov A. U. , Belousova L. S. 
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that at present, in the conditions of the economic crisis, a shortage of highly qualified and professional personnel is becoming noticeable, which is caused by the unstable situation in the regions, trends in rapidly changing working conditions. It becomes clear that for a stable socio-economic system, regions and organizations within it need to be prepared for structural changes. The purpose of the study is to assess the higher education system as a structural component of the staffing of the region. Objectives: to analyze the dynamics of registered and liquidated organizations; to identify the ratio of indicators of the total population and the economically active population; to consider the per capita indicators of monetary incomes of the population of the Kursk region; to investigate the number of students enrolled in bachelor's, specialty and master's degree programs; to systematize the list of educational institutions of higher education located in the Kursk region; to present the disproportions of demand and supply of human resources by types of economic activity and in the professional and qualification context. Methodology. This article uses empirical research methods in the study and analysis of statistical data. Results. In the course of the study, the analysis of the current state of the higher education system as a structure-forming component of the staffing of the region was carried out, the disproportions of demand and supply of human resources by types of economic activity and in the professional and qualification context were revealed. Conclusions. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the problem of supply and demand in the labor market is currently acute, since the development of the region's economy depends on the solution of personnel issues. One of the possible solutions to the personnel "hunger" within organizations can be step-by-step cooperation with universities and students of the desired field of training: internships, internships, round tables, business games and other methods of interaction between educational organizations and partner organizations.
Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Certain Areas of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation in the Context of State Support Measures and the Regions' Own Potential
Authors: Azjeurova K. E. , Kopteva Zh. Yu. , Shcherbakov D. B. 
Published: March 2024

The relevance. The main problem of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Russian Federation is that government support measures are not always an incentive to development: the dominance of large businesses,the difficult economic situation and the desire for stable profits often force SME organizations to simply exist on state-provided capital in isolation from the regional economic situation. The solution to this problem forms the relevance of the chosen topic. The purpose of this study is to study the main statistical patterns of changes in the financial situation of SMEs in the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation in terms of their quantitative and qualitative development. Objectives. To achieve this goal, an analysis of official statistical data on SMEs in certain regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation was carried out: their position in the general federal rating, revenue and number of employees, as well as the total number of SMEs over a five-year period. Methodology. To obtain the results of the study, general scientific methods were used: induction, deduction; statistical methods: observation, grouping, analysis of dynamics and structure. Results: the share of SMEs in the Russian economy in comparison with developed European countries is analyzed; the main problems associated with the resulting low proportion of SMEs in our country are presented; the analysis of the structure of small business in Russia by industry is carried out; a comparative analysis of the revenue indicators of SME enterprises, taking into account relevant government support measures, is also presented, the dynamics of the number of organizations in the SME sector is presented, the dynamics of economic indicators of the turnover of funds and the average number of jobs in SME organizations are reflected; the measures of state support for SMEs are considered and their effectiveness is assessed. Conclusion. State centralized financial support for small and medium-sized businesses, without any doubt, is, if not an incentive to development, then at least a guarantee of the survival of many enterprises in this business segment.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Emergency Departments to Improve Wait Times: Protocol for an Integrative Living Review
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Bahareh , Patey Christopher , Hurley Oliver , Knight John , Norman Paul , Farrell Alison , Czarnuch Stephen , Asghari Shabnam 
Published: March 2024

Background
Long wait times in the emergency department (ED) are a major issue for health care systems all over the world. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) is a novel strategy to reduce ED wait times when compared to the interventions included in previous research endeavors. To date, comprehensive systematic reviews that include studies involving AI applications in the context of EDs have covered a wide range of AI implementation issues. However, the lack of an iterative update strategy limits the use of these reviews. Since the subject of AI development is cutting edge and is continuously changing, reviews in this area must be frequently updated to remain relevant.

Objective
This study aims to provide a summary of the evidence that is currently available regarding how AI can affect ED wait times; discuss the applications of AI in improving wait times; and periodically assess the depth, breadth, and quality of the evidence supporting the application of AI in reducing ED wait times.

Methods
We plan to conduct a living systematic review (LSR). Our strategy involves conducting continuous monitoring of evidence, with biannual search updates and annual review updates. Upon completing the initial round of the review, we will refine the search strategy and establish clear schedules for updating the LSR. An interpretive synthesis using Whittemore and Knafl’s framework will be performed to compile and summarize the findings. The review will be carried out using an integrated knowledge translation strategy, and knowledge users will be involved at all stages of the review to guarantee applicability, usability, and clarity of purpose.

Results
The literature search was completed by September 22, 2023, and identified 17,569 articles. The title and abstract screening were completed by December 9, 2023. In total, 70 papers were eligible. The full-text screening is in progress.

Conclusions
The review will summarize AI applications that improve ED wait time. The LSR enables researchers to maintain high methodological rigor while enhancing the timeliness, applicability, and value of the review.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/52612
Understanding Adolescents’ Experiences With Menstrual Pain to Inform the User-Centered Design of a Mindfulness-Based App: Mixed Methods Investigation Study
Authors: Gagnon Michelle M , Brilz Alexandra R , Alberts Nicole M , Gordon Jennifer L , Risling Tracie L , Stinson Jennifer N 
Published: March 2024

Background
Digital interventions are increasingly popular for the provision of nonpharmacological pain interventions, but few exist for adolescents with menstrual pain. User-centered design involves incorporating users across phases of digital health intervention design, development, and implementation and leads to improved user engagement and outcomes. A needs assessment is the first step of this approach.

Objective
The goal of this study was to conduct a needs assessment to understand menstrual pain management needs and preferences and mindfulness experiences, preferences, and knowledge of adolescents with menstrual pain to inform the future development of an app for managing menstrual pain.

Methods
We used an explanatory sequential mixed method design that included a survey followed by focus groups. Adolescents aged 13-17 years completed a survey (n=111) and participated in focus groups (n=16). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis and synthesized to provide specific recommendations based on adolescent responses.

Results
Adolescents (n=111) who completed the survey reported a moderate understanding of mindfulness and menstrual pain. Over three-quarters (n=87, 78%) of participants practiced some form of mindfulness and 87% (n=97) of survey participants used nonpharmacological pain management strategies. Teens had a moderate perception that mindfulness could help their menstrual pain (mean 4.51/10, SD 2.45, with higher scores suggesting more interest). Themes were generated related to mindfulness experiences, menstrual pain knowledge and experiences, and app functionality. These themes underscored adolescents’ need for continued support and flexible access to mindfulness activities; their awareness of multiple influences to pain, with potential for further education in this area; and the need for menstrual pain–specific content, along with content relevant to typical day-to-day experiences of adolescents.

Conclusions
Adolescents with menstrual pain have an interest in using a mindfulness app for pain but have unique needs that need to be addressed to ensure app engagement and relevance for this population. Concrete recommendations for future app development are provided.
Optimization of the Transmission Ratio by Fuel Consumption
Authors: Kosenko E. E. , Marchenko J. V. , Marchenko E. V. , Popov S. I. , Izyumov A. I. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The issues of ensuring optimal fuel consumption modes are the subject of constant research in the field of vehicle operation. Works in the field of reducing fuel consumption in most cases are devoted to the study of the design of power units, transmission or aerodynamic features of the body of cars. At the same time, the issues of determining the optimal laws of control of unsteady movement from the point of view of the synthesis of algorithms for controlling the movement of a car have not been considered. To optimize the transmission ratio of cars with unsteady movement, the authors of the work carried out analytical calculations to simplify the synthesis of motion control algorithms, which in turn allowed reducing fuel consumption. The aim of the work was to determine the optimal transmission ratio, which allowed solving the problem of synthesizing vehicle control to reduce fuel consumption.Materials and Methods. The synthesis of algorithms for controlling the movement of a car considered in the work was based on the application of the needle variation of L.S. Pontryagin to invariant features of the real movement. An analytical method was used to estimate energy efficiency of vehicle performance, which was based on determination of optimal transmission ratio of motor vehicles taking into account minimum fuel consumption. The presented method took into account the amount of torque transmitted from the engine crankshaft to the transmission elements, which, depending on the engine power, was realized in the form of traction force on the wheels of the car.Results. The law of optimal change in the transmission gear ratio during acceleration of the car in a minimum time was built. The problem of determining the optimal transmission ratio of the vehicle in the case of driving the vehicle at a constant speed and constant fuel supply and in the case of accelerating the vehicle to a given speed at a constant fuel supply, when the condition ε = const was met, was solved. The result of the considered case of applying the optimal law of change in the transmission gear ratio was the minimization of fuel consumption under restrictions on acceleration (traction force) and speed of the car.Discussion and Conclusion. The use by the authors of the analytical method for determining the transmission ratio of a car, as well as the use of this method in practical calculations for a car with given characteristics, showed the possibility of solving the problem of synthesizing vehicle control using a mathematical apparatus. This was confirmed by the built graphical dependence based on the results of the calculations. The considered cases of movement made it possible to determine the analytical dependencies of the optimal transmission ratio and the speed of the car. The initial data obtained by analytical relationships are applicable for cars with a mixed control mode.
The Theory of Communicative Action in Da’wah
Authors: Alamyar Iqbal Hussain , Umi Halwati  , Rifin Johar , Rofiqoh Aeni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study embarks on an in-depth exploration of the application of Jürgen Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action in the context of Da’wah. Despite Da’wah’s pivotal role in Islamic societies, there is a conspicuous absence of literature that applies modern communication theories to this practice. This paper aims to fill this gap by scrutinizing how the Theory of Communicative Action, a framework devised for understanding social interactions and communication, can be utilized in Da’wah. The research employs a qualitative approach, with secondary data gathered from a comprehensive review of existing literature on both Da’wah and the Theory of Communicative Action.
The findings reveal that the principles of the Theory of Communicative Action can indeed be applied to Da’wah, offering fresh insights into how this religious practice can be understood and executed more effectively in today’s society. Furthermore, this study identifies potential areas for future research, thereby contributing to the ongoing academic discourse on this topic.
The implications of this research are substantial, as it not only enriches academic knowledge but also offers practical insights for those engaged in Da’wah. By applying the Theory of Communicative Action more effectively in contemporary society.
Keywords: Theory of Communicative Action, Da’wah, Islamic Societies, Social Interactions, Communication theories, Modern Society