bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep physiology in patients with epilepsy: Influence of seizures on rapid eye movement (REM) latency and REM duration
Authors: Kilgore‐Gomez Alexandrea , Norato Gina , Theodore William H. , Inati Sara K. , Rahman Shareena A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveA well‐established bidirectional relationship exists between sleep and epilepsy. Patients with epilepsy tend to have less efficient sleep and shorter rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Seizures are far more likely to arise from sleep transitions and non‐REM sleep compared to REM sleep. Delay in REM onset or reduction in REM duration may have reciprocal interactions with seizure occurrence. Greater insight into the relationship between REM sleep and seizure occurrence is essential to our understanding of circadian patterns and predictability of seizure activity. We assessed a cohort of adults undergoing evaluation of drug‐resistant epilepsy to examine whether REM sleep prior to or following seizures is delayed in latency or reduced in quantity.MethodsWe used a spectrogram‐guided approach to review the video‐electroencephalograms of patients' epilepsy monitoring unit admissions for sleep scoring to determine sleep variables.ResultsIn our cohort of patients, we found group‐ and individual‐level delay of REM latency and reduced REM duration when patients experienced a seizure before the primary sleep period (PSP) of interest or during the PSP of interest. A significant increase in REM latency and decrease in REM quantity were observed on nights where a seizure occurred within 4 h of sleep onset. No change in REM variables was found when investigating seizures that occurred the day after the PSP of interest. Our study is the first to provide insight about a perisleep period, which we defined as 4‐h periods before and after the PSP.SignificanceOur results demonstrate a significant relationship between seizures occurring prior to the PSP, during the PSP, and in the 4‐h perisleep period and a delay in REM latency. These findings have implications for developing a biomarker of seizure detection as well as longer term seizure risk monitoring.
Association of antiseizure medications and adverse cardiovascular events: A global health federated network analysis
Authors: Mayer Josephine , Mbizvo Gashirai K. , Bucci Tommaso , Marson Anthony , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveA diagnosis of epilepsy has been associated with adverse cardiovascular events (CEs), but the extent to which antiseizure medications (ASMs) may contribute to this is not well understood. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of adverse CEs associated with ASM in patients with epilepsy (PWE).MethodsA retrospective case–control cohort study was conducted using TriNetX, a global health federated network of anonymized patient records. Patients older than 18 years, with a diagnosis of epilepsy (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code G40) and a medication code of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, or valproate were compared. Patients with cardiovascular disease prior to the diagnosis of epilepsy were excluded. Cohorts were 1:1 propensity score matched (PSM) according to age, sex, ethnicity, hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerotic heart disease, atrial and cardiac arrythmias, diabetes, disorders of lipoprotein metabolism, obesity, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, medications, and epilepsy classification. The primary outcome was a composite of adverse CEs (ischemic stroke, acute ischemic heart disease, and heart failure) at 10 years. Cox regression analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) following 1:1 PSM.ResultsOf 374 950 PWE included; three cohorts were established after PSM: (1) carbamazepine compared to lamotrigine, n = 4722, mean age 37.4 years; (2) valproate compared to lamotrigine, n = 5478, mean age 33.9 years; and (3) valproate compared to carbamazepine, n = 4544, mean age 37.0 years. Carbamazepine and valproate use were associated with significantly higher risk of composite cardiovascular outcome compared to lamotrigine (HR = 1.390, 95% CI = 1.160–1.665 and HR = 1.264, 95% CI = 1.050–1.521, respectively). Valproate was associated with a 10‐year higher risk of all‐cause death than carbamazepine (HR = 1.226, 95% CI = 1.017–1.478), but risk of other events was not significantly different.SignificanceCarbamazepine and valproate were associated with increased CE risks compared to lamotrigine. Cardiovascular risk factor monitoring and careful follow‐up should be considered for these patients.
Essentiel mais exclu: le COVID‐19 et le déficit de travail décent parmi les travailleurs domestiques au Brésil
Authors: ACCIARI Louisa , DOS SANTOS BRITO Chirlene , PEREIRA PINTO Cleide 
Published: February 2024

RésuméCet article présente les données d'une enquête menée avec la Fédération nationale des travailleurs domestiques du Brésil sur l'impact de la pandémie de COVID‐19 sur les travailleurs domestiques, en tenant également compte des politiques d'urgence et des principales actions de la fédération au cours de la première année de la crise. Axé sur l'emploi et les revenus, la sécurité et la santé au travail et les violations des droits, il montre l'extrême polarisation entre ceux qui ont perdu leurs moyens de subsistance et ceux qui sont obligés de continuer à travailler au détriment de leur santé et de leurs droits de l'homme fondamentaux. Bien que les circonstances soient exceptionnelles, les auteurs soutiennent que cette situation a été rendue possible par des conditions préexistantes d'exclusion légale et de précarité.
Well‐being insights from the food insecurity supply chain: A logistics service quality perspective
Authors: Thornton LaDonna M. , Darby Jessica L. , Morgan Tyler R. , Roath Anthony S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFood insecurity directly impacts individual well‐being, and logistics is considered the backbone of serving food‐insecure individuals. Food insecurity organizations (FIOs) such as national organizations, food banks, and food pantries offer transformative logistics services to address food insecurity. Previous research has begun to explore FIOs' logistics services and operations, but sparse research has examined how FIOs evaluate logistics service performance. Using logistics service quality as a foundation, our study explores the meaning of logistics service performance from the perspective of FIOs. Applying the hermeneutic method, we conducted interviews with 23 informants across 14 organizations to understand the meaning of logistics performance for FIOs. We leverage these interviews to offer a contextualized understanding of logistics service quality based on the four pillars of food insecurity and the shared meaning of logistics service performance within FIOs. By subjecting an important “traditional” performance metric to the consumer‐centric realities of the food insecurity supply chain, we extend logistics theory by offering transformative logistics service outcomes based on well‐being perspectives. We also offer timely guidance to help facilitate the vital work of FIOs.
Knowledge‐by‐Acquaintance First
Authors: Kriegel Uriah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBertrand Russell's epistemology had the interesting structural feature that it made propositional knowledge (“S knows that p”) asymmetrically dependent upon what Russell called knowledge by acquaintance. On this view, a subject lacking any knowledge by acquaintance would be unable to know that p for any p. This is something that virtually nobody has defended since Russell, and in this paper I initiate a sympathetic reconsideration.
War power through restraint: The politics of unilateral military action after 1945
Authors: Irajpanah Katherine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFrom a historical perspective, presidents have frequently directed the use of military force without explicit permission from Congress. Yet, presidents still court legislative approval on select occasions. Why do presidents sometimes seek congressional authorization and other times do not? I explain authorization‐seeking behavior according to variations in presidential bargaining strength. I argue that both weak and strong presidents prefer authorization‐seeking; by obtaining congressional backing, weak presidents conceal a lack of national resolve from international audiences, while strong ones use approval to enhance their coercive authority. Presidents with mid‐level bargaining strength, however, prefer unilateral action; on the one hand, unilateral action may demonstrate resolve in the face of potential legislative resistance, while on the other, it avoids contentious debate that risks “muddying” the diplomatic waters. I illustrate these arguments by revisiting four prominent historical cases: the Korean War, the Gulf of Tonkin crisis, the invasion of Cambodia, and the Persian Gulf War.
Syntactic negation in Ewe (Tongugbe) agent nominalizations
Authors: Gotah Selikem , Lee Soo‐Hwan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrawing on evidence from the scope patterns and the availability of negative polarity item (NPI) licensing of the negation marker ma‐, we show that NegP is realized in Ewe (Tongugbe) agentive nominals. We conclude that agentive nominals accommodate sentential negation, posing a challenge to previous assumptions. The implication of this work is that agent nominalizations can be more verb‐like than what has been reported in the literature. We further examine where the Ewe agentive suffix ‐lá resides in syntax based on the argument structure of the predicates realized inside agentive nominals.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Economics and Finance, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Gibbs Nikki 
Published: February 2024

Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 1 Ali Darub Al-Hiyali, University of Anbar, IraqFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Ethiopian Civil Service University, EthiopiaIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineJosephine Ofori Adofo, The World Bank, USAMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyNikoloz Chikhladze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, IndiaSebastian Schich, Organisation for Economic Coopertaion and Development (OECD), FranceShaoshu LI, Cornell University, USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
Research on Ferrographic Image Fault Diagnosis Based on Channel Overlapping Technique and Information Fusion Mechanism
Authors: Fei Xie , Haijun Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Utilizing computer technology to realize the application of ferrographic intelligent fault diagnosis technology is a foundational investigation to oversee the operations of mechanical equipment. To continuously improve the accuracy of artificial intelligence recognition, the complexity and computation of the model will be increased. The proposal of the transformer model (the core technology of chatgpt) has fundamentally changed the intelligence level of artificial intelligence, but it has also greatly increased the demand for computer computing power. What's more, it is difficult to equip industrial quality inspection sites with high computing power computers. The channel overlapping technique developed in this paper is a technology to segment the three channels of image information and reserve overlapping areas for an information communication mechanism. With this mechanism, the model location channel overlapping convolutional neural network can obtain high recognition accuracy by using only one-half of the original training computing power. When channel overlapping combines with no position information, information fusion is formed. The model channel overlapping technique fusion convolutional neural network established by the information fusion mechanism will get a higher prediction accuracy through joint training with the original image. However, the computation consumption is nearly one-third of the pure traditional convolutional neural network algorithm.
Unintended consequences: the adverse effects of royal jelly supplementation in the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus Chant (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Liu Zhenguo , Zhang Keshi , Zhang Zhi-qiang 
Published: February 2024

In this study we delved into the effects of royal jelly supplementation on the life history traits of Amblyseius herbicolus, a thelytokous predatory mite with potential in biological pest control. Royal jelly, a nutrient-rich substance from honeybees, is known for its diverse biological activities in various species. Our experiments showed the concentration-dependent impacts of royal jelly supplementation on A. herbicolus. While royal jelly positively influenced mite survival at low concentrations (5%), a trade-off emerged: increased survival came at the cost of reduced fecundity. Also, royal jelly reduced ovipositional and post-ovipositional duration. Remarkably, maternal royal jelly supplementation influenced the pre-ovipositional duration of A. herbicolus offspring, suggesting transgenerational effects. However, certain traits, such as developmental time, size at maturity, and lifespan of both parents and offspring, remained unaffected. Our findings emphasise the specificity of royal jelly’s impact on different aspects of mite biology and the possibility of inducing adverse influences on life history traits. To fully harness the potential of royal jelly in dietary supplementation, further research exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions is imperative.
Impact of hypoalbuminemia on clinical outcomes among patients with obesity treated with ceftriaxone
Authors: Arensman Hannan Kellie , Draper Evan , Cole Kristin C. , Mc Hugh Jack , Rivera Christina G. , Abu Saleh Omar 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

The use of ceftriaxone, a highly protein-bound drug, in the setting of hypoalbuminemia may result in suboptimal drug exposure. Patients with obesity also exhibit higher absolute drug clearance. We aimed to evaluate the impact of hypoalbuminemia on clinical success among hospitalized adults with obesity who were treated with ceftriaxone. This retrospective review included adult inpatients with weight >100 kg or body mass index >40 kg/m
2
who received ceftriaxone 2 g intravenously every 12 hours for at least 72 hours. The primary outcome was clinical success, a composite of clinical cure and microbiologic cure. Secondary outcomes included clinical cure, microbiologic cure, length of stay, ICU length of stay, mortality, 30-day readmission, and adverse events. In all, 137 patients were included, 34 of whom had a serum albumin of ≤2.5 g/dL. In a propensity-score-weighted analysis, clinical success was significantly more common among those without hypoalbuminemia (91.2%) as compared to those with hypoalbuminemia (77.8%) (
P
= 0.038). Death within 30 days (13.7% vs 0%,
P
< 0.001) and 30-day readmission (31.6% vs 12.0%,
P
= 0.008) were more common in the hypoalbuminemia group. In a univariate analysis, serum albumin and indication for ceftriaxone use were found to be predictors of clinical success. Hypoalbuminemia was associated with a lower rate of clinical success among patients with obesity who were treated with ceftriaxone 2 g every 12 hours.
An active learning card game to teach microbial pathogenesis to undergraduate biology majors
Authors: Taylor-Cornejo Elias , Massery Laurie 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Interactive classroom activities are an effective way to reinforce knowledge and promote student engagement. In this paper, we introduce the Pathogenesis Card Game (PCG), an innovative card game that engages students in a battle between microbial pathogens and the host immune system. Each student is given a set of cards that consist of either common host defenses or common pathogen evasion strategies. In pairs, students play a host defense card versus a pathogenesis card. Host defense cards include neutralize (antibody production), eat (phagocytosis), and destroy (degranulation). Pathogenesis cards present evasive strategies including mimic (molecular mimicry), escape (hemolysin production), hide (polysaccharide capsule), block (antioxidant defense), cut (protease secretion), and disguise (antigenic variation). Students develop a mastery of microbial pathogenesis through active gameplay by deliberating the outcome of each unique host-pathogen interaction. Furthermore, they learn the role of cells in the immune system and how pathogens can evade these immune defenses. PCG was piloted in a 300-level introductory microbiology course for 22 undergraduate students, comprising primarily biology and nursing majors. Both quantitative and qualitative student evaluations of the activity strongly suggest that PCG is an engaging, effective, and useful way to teach microbial pathogenesis. This activity provides a 60-minute lesson plan and corresponding materials that can be used to facilitate the introduction of pathogenesis to a typical undergraduate microbiology course. PCG offers instructors a framework to teach microbial pathogenesis and gives students the opportunity to construct their own knowledge about pathogen immune evasion in an engaging and interactive way.
Peer mentorship and academic supports build sense of community and improve outcomes for transfer students
Authors: Teshera-Levye Jennifer , Vance-Chalcraft Heather D. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

The experience of transferring to a 4-year college, especially in STEM programs, can be particularly challenging for students. While much of the onus for preparing students for transfer has been placed on community colleges, the 4-year institutions to which students transfer have critical roles to play. With this in mind, we established the Pre-transfer Interventions, Mentoring, and Experience in Research (PRIMER) program to support students transferring into the biology department at our university. The design of this program is based around the key elements of Schlossberg’s Transition Theory, focusing on the support and strategies elements of the theory. Through a weekly academic skill course, peer mentoring, and informal academic and social supports, our goals were for students to increase their involvement in the campus community and to increase their use of academic support resources. We used qualitative and quantitative assessments to compare sense of community and use of campus resources between students who participated in our program and others. We found that students in our program strongly increased their sense of community during the semester compared to other students and used campus resources at a higher rate. Our insights from the PRIMER program can help others in developing programs to support transfer students in biology departments.
Students’ perceptions of social issues in biology courses
Authors: Tran Stacy , Tirado Jocelyn , Miyasato Haley , Lee Star W. 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Students’ scientific literacy may be improved by the integration of social issues into biology courses, enabling them to make informed decisions on social issues in the context of their scientific knowledge. Additionally, this may allow students to recognize the connection between science and society. Although there are a number of benefits with having students learn about social issues in biology courses, most undergraduate courses may follow a traditional curriculum, which emphasizes the scientific content without framing it in a social context. Here, we investigated whether undergraduate students have been exposed to social issues in previous biology courses and examined how their perceptions changed before and after taking a biology course that incorporated social issues. In surveys, most students reported having no exposure to social issues in biology courses. Most students, especially females and persons excluded because of their ethnicity or race (PEERs), agreed with the integration of social issues in biology courses before taking the course. Students found reflection essays to be a useful tool in allowing them to think and share their thoughts on social issues as well as relate the course content to their personal lives. These results highlight students’ interest in learning about social issues from a scientific perspective and how reflection essays may be used to practice applying their knowledge to real-world issues.
Genomes of
Bacteroides ovatus
,
B. cellulosilyticus
,
B. uniformis
,
Phocaeicola vulgatus
, and
P. dorei
isolated from gut cavernous fistulous tract micropathologies in Crohn's disease
Authors: Singh Vaidhvi , West Gail , Fiocchi Claudio , Cominelli Fabio , Good Caryn E. , Jacobs Michael R. , Rodriguez-Palacios Alexander 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Surgically removed bowels from Crohn's disease patients exhibit a novel form of micropathologies known as cavernous fistulous tract microlesions (CavFT), resembling fissures. We announce the genomes/plasmids and antimicrobial resistance genes of six CavFT bacterial isolates representing the
Bacteroidota
genera
Bacteroides
and
Phocaeicola
. Plasmids were identified in
Bacteroides cellulosilyticus
and
Phocaeicola vulgatus
.