bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the impact of salinity and irradiance on the combined carbon dioxide sequestration and carotenoids production by Dunaliella salina: A mathematical model
Authors: Araújo O.Q.F. , Gobbi C.N. , Chaloub R.M. , Coelho M.A.Z. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractCurrent anthropogenic activities have been causing a significant increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 over the past 60 years. To mitigate the consequent global warming problem, efficient technological solutions, based on economical and technical grounds, are required. In this work, microalgae are studied as important biological systems of CO2 fixation into organic compounds through photosynthesis. These microorganisms are potential sources of a wide variety of interesting chemical compounds, which can be used for commercial purposes, reducing the cost of CO2 capture and sequestration. Specifically, Dunaliella salina culture was studied aiming at the impact evaluation of operational conditions over cellular growth and carotenoid production associated with the CO2 sequestration on focus. The main experimental parameters investigated were salinity and irradiance conditions. The experimental results supported the development of a descriptive mathematical model of the process. Based on the proposed model, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate the operational conditions that maximize CO2 consumption and carotenoid production, in order to guide further development of technological routes for CO2 capture through microalgae. A preliminary cost estimation of CO2 sequestration combined to carotenoids production for a 200 MW power plant is presented, based on the growth rates achieved in this study. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 425–435. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Engineering of the α‐amylase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus US100 for detergent incorporation
Authors: Khemakhem Bassem , Ali Mamdouh Ben , Aghajari Nushin , Juy Michel , Haser Richard , Bejar Samir 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAmyUS100ΔIG is a variant of the most thermoactive and thermostable maltohexaose forming α‐amylase produced by Geobacillus stearothermophilus sp.US100. This enzyme which was designed to improve the thermostability of the wild‐type enzyme has acquired a very high resistance to chelator agents. According to modeling structural studies and with the aim of enhancing its resistance towards chemical oxidation, a mutant (AmyUS100ΔIG/M197A) was created by substituting methionine 197 to alanine. The catalytic proprieties of the resulting mutant show alterations in the specific activity and the profile of starch hydrolysis. Interestingly, AmyUS100ΔIG/M197A displayed the highest resistance to oxidation compared to the AmyUS100ΔIG and to Termamyl300®, the well‐known commercial amylase used in detergent. Further, performance of the engineered α‐amylase was estimated in the presence of commonly used detergent compounds and a wide range of commercial detergent (liquid and solid). These studies indicated a high compatibility and performance of AmyUS100ΔIG/M197A, suggesting its potential application in detergent industry. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;102: 380–389. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Study of quadrant high-dose intraoperative radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Sacchini V , Beal K , Goldberg J , Montgomery L , Port E , McCormick B 
Published: August 2008

Abstract

Background
Partial breast irradiation has been tested in limited pilot studies and shown to provide acceptable cosmesis, minimal toxicity and adequate local control. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using quadrant high-dose intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer.

Methods
Fifty-two women with early-stage breast cancer were treated with breast-conserving therapy and IORT between October 2002 and January 2006. The first 18 women received a radiation dose of 20 Gy. The protocol was then amended and the remaining 34 women were treated with 18 Gy. Each patient was evaluated after surgery, and at 3, 6 and 12 months; complications, toxicity and cosmetic outcomes were recorded by the breast surgeon.

Results
Women treated with 18 Gy appeared to have a more favourable cosmetic outcome compared with the earlier treatment group. At last follow-up, none of the women treated on the protocol had a breast recurrence.

Conclusion
Experience suggests that this IORT technique is feasible, although further follow-up is necessary to assess its therapeutic value.
Local impact of the English arm of the UK Bowel Cancer Screening Pilot study
Authors: Goodyear S J , Stallard N , Gaunt A , Parker R , Williams N , Wong L 
Published: August 2008

Abstract

Background
The English arm of the UK Bowel Cancer Screening Pilot study recently concluded its third round. The primary aim was to assess the impact of faecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening on the detection of symptomatic (non-screen-detected) cancers within the target age group (50–69 years). The secondary aim was to assess differences between screened and non-screened cohorts in Dukes' classification at diagnosis.

Methods
This population-based study utilized retrospective analysis of existing validated colorectal cancer (CRC) data over 5 years (April 2000 to March 2005), encompassing rounds one and two of screening.

Results
There was a 23 per cent (P = 0·011) reduction in the diagnosis of over the 5 years. Presentations with symptomatic cancer reduced by 49 per cent (P = 0·049), with a proportionate (2·6-fold) rise in the detection of screened (asymptomatic) malignancy. Cancers were diagnosed at an earlier stage in the screened population, with significantly more Dukes' A tumours than in the non-screen-detected cohort (P &lt; 0·001) and an estimated odds ratio of 0·27 (95 per cent confidence interval 0·08 to 0·91) (P = 0·035) for Dukes' ‘D’ cancers.

Conclusion
FOBT screening resulted in a significant reduction in the number of symptomatic cancers detected within the target age group. Tumours detected by screening were diagnosed at an earlier pathological stage.
Sites of surgical waisting in the abdominoperineal specimen
Authors: Salerno G , Chandler I , Wotherspoon A , Thomas K , Moran B , Brown G 
Published: August 2008

Abstract

Background
In the abdominoperineal excision (APE) specimen ‘surgical waisting’ has been described, where the least amount of tissue covers the rectum. This is associated with high positive margin rates. The aim of this study was to locate the site of surgical waisting, namely the least amount of tissue excised at APE.

Methods
Distances from the anal verge to the distal and proximal edges of the sphincter, puborectalis and levator muscles were measured in 12 patients using morphological features on magnetic resonance images. Distances from the mucularis propria to the outer surface of the pelvic muscles and the outer edge of the specimen were measured on axial images. The height from the anal verge at which axial measurements of tissue were minimal was determined.

Results
The presence of a surgical waist between 35 and 42 mm above the anal verge, corresponding to the puborectalis, was confirmed. A smaller amount of perirectal tissue was resected at this level than at other heights (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
Because less tissue is excised at the puborectalis, careful dissection along the levator plane is necessary, especially if tumour is present. More radical excision of the levators and puborectalis may be of benefit in such patients.
Prospective randomized study of monopolar scissors, bipolar vessel sealer and ultrasonic shears in laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Hubner M , Demartines N , Muller S , Dindo D , Clavien P-A , Hahnloser D 
Published: August 2008

Abstract

Background
Many instruments are used for laparoscopic dissection, including monopolar electrosurgery scissors (MES), electrothermal bipolar vessel sealers (BVS) and ultrasonically coagulating shears (UCS). These three devices were compared with regard to dissection time, blood loss, safety and costs.

Methods
Sixty-one consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic left-sided colectomy were randomized to MES, BVS or UCS. The primary endpoint was dissection time.

Results
Patient and operation characteristics did not differ between the groups. Median dissection time was significantly shorter with BVS (105 min) and UCS (90 min) than with MES (137 min) (P &lt; 0·001). With BVS and UCS, significantly fewer additional clips were required (MES 9 versus BVS 0 versus UCS 3; P &lt; 0·001) and there was a trend towards lower blood loss (125 versus 50 versus 50 ml respectively; P = 0·223) and a reduced volume of suction fluid (425 versus 80 versus 110 ml; P = 0·058). Overall satisfaction was similar for the three instruments. Dissection with BVS and UCS was significantly cheaper than with MES, assuming a centre volume of 200 cases per year (P = 0·009).

Conclusion
BVS and UCS shorten dissection time in laparoscopic left-sided colectomy and are cost-effective compared with MES. Registration number: NCT00517608 (http://www.clinicaltrials.com).
Risk of new aneurysms after surgery for popliteal artery aneurysm (Br J Surg 2008; 95: 571–575)
Authors: Appleton N D , Davies L , Lewis M H 
Published: August 2008

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved,appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
Effect of Ultrasound on Leaching of Tannic Acid from Tea and its Modeling
Authors: Sonawane S. S. , Patil V. S. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAn elegant approach was used to leach tannic acid from tea leaves. The leaching of the tannic acid from tea powder using different solvents was performed using an ultrasonication method. Moreover, the extraction of solvents was compared using a soxhlet apparatus. The leaching process was modeled using the concept of thin film, which provides the resistance to transfer. The model was found to be fit for the comparison of methods for the leaching of tannic acid from the tea powder and it is intended to extend its use to calculate the mass transfer coefficients for different conditions.
Simplified Method for Calculating Solubilities of Hydrocarbons in Hydrate Inhibitors
Authors: Bahadori A. , Vuthaluru H. B. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSignificant amount of work has been performed in order to determine the solubility of light hydrocarbons (methane and ethane) in the most commonly used hydrate inhibitors (such as methanol and ethylene glycol) at various temperatures and pressures. These solubility data have been compiled and correlated. In most cases, however, current models may not be sufficient if accurate predictions are needed. The aim of this study is to present a simple‐to‐use method for accurate prediction of solubilities of light hydrocarbons in methanol and ethylene glycol (at different weight percentages in water) as a function of reduced partial pressure and reduced temperature. The predictions from the method proposed are compared with reported experimental data and found good agreement between observed data and the predicted values with average absolute deviation less than 1.46 %. It was also found that this method is more accurate than conventional thermodynamical approaches (in particular, the NRTL model) in predicting the solubilities of light alkanes in hydrate inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Crystal Structure of the Neodymium Borohydride [Li(thf)4]2 [Nd2(μ‐Cl)2(BH4)6 (thf)2].
Authors: Klein Axel , Pohl Roland W. H. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Investigation of the Structures of the Compounds in the Tin‐Rich Part of the Dy—Sn System: Crystal Structure of Dy5Sn11 and Dy5Sn13.
Authors: Venturini G. , Mesbach A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Single‐Crystal Structures of La3AgSnS7, Ln3MxMS7 (Ln: La, Ho, Er; M: Ge, Sn; 1/4 ≤ x ≤ 1/2).
Authors: Zeng Hui‐Yi , Zheng Fa‐Kun , Guo Guo‐Cong , Huang Jin‐Shun 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoluminescence of Perovskite Nanosheets Prepared by Exfoliation of Layered Oxides, K2Ln2Ti3O10, KLnNb2O7, and RbLnTa2O7 (Ln: Lanthanide Ion).
Authors: Ida Shintaro , Ogata Chikako , Eguchi Miharu , Youngblood W. Justin , Mallouk Thomas E. , Matsumoto Yasumichi 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic, Optical, and Electronic Properties of the Phosphide Oxides LnZnPO (Ln: Y, La—Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho).
Authors: Lincke Hannes , Glaum Robert , Dittrich Volker , Tegel Marcus , Johrendt Dirk , Hermes Wilfried , Moeller Manfred H. , Nilges Tom , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Different Cerium Valence Transitions Observed by Hydrogenation of the Ternary Germanides CeRhGe and CeIrGe — Structure, Physical Properties and Chemical Bonding.
Authors: Chevalier Bernard , Gaudin Etienne , Al Alam Adel F. , Matar Samir F. , Weill Francois , Heying Birgit , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Ternary System Na2O—ZnO—WO3: Compounds and Phase Relationships.
Authors: Yan Fengbo , Chen Dagui , Li Wei , Lin Zhang , Zhao Zhenguo , Xue Liping , Huang Feng , Liang Jingkui 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: H2O2 Generation by Decamethylferrocene at a Liquid/Liquid Interface.
Authors: Su Bin , Nia Raheleh Partovi , Li Fei , Hojeij Mohamad , Prudent Michel , Corminboeuf Clemence , Samec Zdenek , Girault Hubert H. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: GeB4O9×H2en: An Organically Templated Borogermanate with Large 12‐Ring Channels Built by B4O9 Polyanions and GeO4 Units: Host—Guest Symmetry and Charge Matching in Triangular‐Tetrahedral Frameworks.
Authors: Pan Chun‐Yang , Liu Guang‐Zhen , Zheng Shou‐Tian , Yang Guo‐Yu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Supported Tertiarylphosphine (JJ—TPP) as a Green and Recyclable Organocatalyst for α‐Addition of Carbon Nucleophiles to α,β‐Unsaturated Compounds.
Authors: Liu Hai‐Ling , Jiang Huan‐Feng 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indoles with Nitroalkenes: Cooperative Effect of 3 Å Molecular Sieves.
Authors: Itoh Junji , Fuchibe Kohei , Akiyama Takahiko 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Srihari Pabbaraja , Bhunia Dinesh C. , Sreedhar Pamu , Yadav Jhillu S. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Pd‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Strained Aromatic Polycycles.
Authors: Blond Gaelle , Bour Christophe , Salem Bahaa , Suffert Jean 
Published: August 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Exciton coupling circular dichroism of an allylic N‐imidazolyl group in amaranzole A, a marine natural product from Phorbas amaranthus
Authors: Morinaka Brandon I. , Molinski Tadeusz F. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA new steroidal alkaloid amaranzole A (10) with a C24‐imidazolyl group displays an unusually large split‐CD spectrum at short wavelengths that we assign to exciton coupled circular dichroism (ECCD) between the polarized π‐π* transitions of the C25 CC double bond and the imidazolyl group. A model 4,5‐disubstituted imidazole 11, prepared from optically pure (R)‐(–)‐2‐aminobutanol, exhibited similar ECCD and solvent and pH‐dependence consistent with changes in the protonation state of the imidazole ring. Calculations and CD measurement of 12 (the dihydro‐derivative of 11) suggest that the 4‐hydroxyphenyl group is not strongly conjugated to the imidazole group in 10, and the observed ECCD is entirely accounted for by coupling between the CC double bond and isolated imidazole π‐π* transitions. Chirality, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A computational method for identifying a spacewise‐dependent heat source
Authors: Yan Liang , Fu Chu‐Li , Dou Fang‐Fang 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a finite difference approximation to an inverse problem of determining a spacewise‐dependent heat source in the parabolic heat equation using the usual conditions of the direct problem and information from one supplementary temperature measurement at a given instant of time. Since the resulting matrix equation is ill‐conditioned, a regularized solution is obtained by employing the truncated singular value decomposition to solve the matrix equation arising from the finite difference method, with the optimal regularization parameter determined by the generalized cross‐validation criterion. The effectiveness of the proposed numerical scheme is illustrated by several continuous and discontinuous numerical examples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validated protocol for FoxP3 reveals increased expression in type 1 diabetes patients
Authors: Grant Jean , Bourcier Katarzyna , Wallace Stephen , Pan Dalin , Conway Alexis , Seyfert‐Margolis Vicki , Wallace Paul K. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundFoxP3 has become a key identifier of regulatory T cells. Investigators have used a variety of antibodies and methods for detecting FoxP3 by flow cytometry. To standardize FoxP3 antibody staining for use in clinical trial samples, we tested various antibodies from different vendors, cell preparation protocols and fix/perm reagents, and cell isolation procedures. Using this optimized staining protocol, we evaluated clinical specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or type 1 diabetes.MethodsFoxP3 antibodies from eBioscience (236A/E7 and PCH101) and BioLegend (206D) were evaluated along with their respective methods and fix/perm reagents for preparation and staining of FoxP3 for flow cytometry. Fresh washed blood and frozen or fresh PBMC were evaluated. Upon optimization of the protocol, clinical samples (frozen PBMC) from patients with MS or type 1 diabetes and healthy control donors were evaluated with the BioLegend antibody.ResultsClone 206D from BioLegend yielded optimal staining and the fix/perm reagents from both eBioscience and BioLegend were comparable. Data were also comparable between cells separated by Ficoll (fresh or frozen) and washed blood samples, allowing this protocol to be applicable to different types of samples. We validated this protocol using clinical samples and saw a significant increase in FoxP3 expression in the patients with type 1 diabetes but not in the MS.ConclusionsThe results from this study will allow the assessment of FoxP3 by flow cytometry on samples from clinical sites that are analyzed in real time on fresh blood or frozen PBMC. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Synthesis and Characterization of a (Dipyridylthiophene)platin Complex of a Pyridyl‐Substituted Aminoethylglycine Artificial Dipeptide
Authors: Levine Lauren A. , Youm Hye Won , Yennawar Hemant P. , Williams Mary Elizabeth 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe report the solution‐phase synthesis and characterization of an artificial pyridyl‐substituted dipeptide that is crosslinked by a 2,5‐bis(2‐pyridyl)thiophene (dpt) platinum complex. The small molecule equivalent for the Pt(dpt)dipyridyl‐peptide is synthesized for comparison. These compounds are characterized by two‐dimensional and variable‐temperature NMR, mass spectrometry, electrochemistry, UV/Vis absorbance and emission spectroscopy, and their photoemission dynamics are compared. The complexes have two reversible, ligand‐centered reductions, are luminescent at room temperature, and have two distinct radiative relaxations with nanosecond and microsecond lifetimes. These metallated peptide building blocks are promising for use as stable inorganic complexes to label synthetic peptides with luminescent and redox‐active probes.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)