bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressurization-Induced Gas Production From Class 1 Hydrate Deposits
Authors: Moridis George J. , Kowalsky Michael B. , Pruess Karsten 
Published: October 2007

Summary
Class 1 hydrate deposits are characterized by a hydrate-bearing layer underlain by a two-phase zone involving mobile gas. Two kinds of deposits are investigated. The first involves water and hydrate in the hydrate zone (Class 1W), while the second involves gas and hydrate (Class 1G). We introduce new models to describe the effect of the presence of hydrates on the wettability properties of porous media. We determine that large volumes of gas can be readily produced at high rates for long times from Class 1 gas-hydrate accumulations by means of depressurization-induced dissociation using conventional technology. Dissociation in Class 1W deposits proceeds in distinct stages, while it is continuous in Class 1G deposits. To avoid blockage caused by hydrate formation in the vicinity of the well, wellbore heating is a necessity in production from Class 1 hydrates. Class 1W hydrates are shown to contribute up to 65% of the production rate and up to 45% of the cumulative volume of produced gas; the corresponding numbers for Class 1G hydrates are 75% and 54%. Production from both Class 1W and Class 1G deposits leads to the emergence of a second dissociation front (in addition to the original ascending hydrate interface) that forms at the top of the hydrate interval and advances downward. In both kinds of deposits, capillary pressure effects lead to hydrate lensing (i.e., the emergence of distinct banded structures of alternating high/low hydrate saturation, which form channels and shells and have a significant effect on production).
Studies on the male and female copulatory apparatus of Trichuris globulosa (Nematoda, Trichuridae)
Authors: Kaur H. , Duggal C. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
The process of copulation in Trichuris globulosa (see Linstow, 1901) Ransom, 1911 has been studied using morphological, histological and scanning electron microscopical techniques (Keilley et al., 1973). The ventral coiling of the posterior part of the male body around the female is achieved by specialized muscles of the ventral body-wall. The single simple pointed spicule emerges with the everting cirrus and acquires a J-shape. The spicule may help in keeping apart the cuticular brim of the non-spiny noneversible part of the vagina during insemination. The cloacal tube is long with a detached internal cuticle which is eversible to the outside as a cirrus. Eversion is brought about by the protrusion of the spicule and contraction of the muscles of the spicule pouch. During eversion part of the proximal cloacal tube is also extruded and forms the globular part of the cirrus. The globular part is covered with spines, which may help in retaining the male and female in copula. The vagina is differentiated into the proximal vagina uterine and distal vagina vera. The vagina vera has a distal eversible spiny part and a proximal noneversible unarmed part. In Trichuris globulosa, the vagina vera is shorter than the spicule.
A new nematode, Pongobius hugoti gen. et sp. n. from the orangutan Pongo abelii (Primates: Hominidae)
Authors: Baruš V. , Foitová I. , Koubková B. , Hodová I. , Šimková A. , Nurcahyo W. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Light and scanning electron microscopical examination and molecular analysis of pinworm samples collected from the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) from Sumatra (Indonesia) revealed the presence of a new taxon, Pongobius hugoti gen. et sp. n. (Oxyuridae: Enterobiinae). The monotypic genus Pongobius is characterised by the presence of a triangular mouth, three rounded teeth and three chisel-like inner teeth in the buccal cavity, an oesophagus with a long pharyngeal part, corpus posteriorly slightly enlarged and continuing as a pyriform bulb, isthmus absent. These features differentiate P. hugoti from all members of the subfamily Enterobiinae. The male has a long caudal appendix (> 50% of total tail length). Molecular analysis of the new taxon is presented for more precise identification.
The genus Longidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Bohemia and South Moravia in the rhizosphere of fruit orchards and vineyards
Authors: Kumari S. , Decraemer W. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
The occurrence and geographic distribution of the genus Longidorus was investigated during a nematological survey of Bohemia and South Moravia between 2003 and 2006. Soil samples were collected from 139 different fruit orchards and vineyards. Three Longidorus species (L. elongatus, L. euonymus and L. leptocephalus) were recorded. L. euonymus constitutes a new record for the Czech nematofauna.
Metacercariae of Centrocestus formosanus in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) imported into Croatia
Authors: Gjurčević E. , Petrinec Z. , Kozarić Z. , Kužir S. , Gjurčević Kantura V. , Vučemilo M. , Džaja P. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
The presence of metacercariae of Centrocestus formosanus was detected on the gills of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) imported from Singapore and obtained from two pet shops. This is the first report of the parasite in Croatia. The histopathological changes observed lead to the conclusion that the infection could be one of the reasons for the death of goldfish.
The first record of Spirocerca lupi (Rudolphi, 1809) (Spirocercidae, Nematoda) from Poland based on faecal analysis of wolf (Canis lupus L.)
Authors: Szczęsna J. , Popiołek M. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
During studies on the helminth fauna of wolves inhabiting natural ecosystems of Poland, 86 scats were examined. All the samples were collected in the autumn of 2005. Spirocerca lupi was detected with decantation and flotation techniques. The prevalence was 2.32 %. This is the first record of the parasite from Poland and the third case of its occurrence in the wolf (Canis lupus L.) within its distribution range.
Bright Blue Photo‐ and Electroluminescence from Eu2+‐Doped GaN/SiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Mahalingam V. , Tan M. , Munusamy P. , Gilroy J. B. , Raudsepp M. , van Veggel F. C. J. M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article we demonstrate the synthesis of Eu2+‐doped GaN/SiO2 nanocomposites using a simple solid state reaction and their use in light‐emitting devices. The nanocomposite exhibits a bright blue luminescence when excited in the UV region (quantum yield = 23 %). The origin of the blue emission is attributed to the presence of europium ions in the +2 oxidation state in the GaN/SiO2 nanocomposites. Analysis of the EPR spectrum of europium‐doped GaN/SiO2 nanocomposites confirms the existence of Eu2+ in the nanocomposites. Various control experiments show that the blue emission arises from these europium ions and that the interface of GaN and silica plays a crucial role. The Eu2+‐doped GaN/SiO2 nanocomposite also exhibits a bright blue electroluminescence. Furthermore, the nanocomposites can be coated with a polymer to tune their dispersibility in organic medium.
Thermally Stable and Solvent Resistant Mesoporous Honeycomb Films from a Crosslinkable Polymer
Authors: Kabuto T. , Hashimoto Y. , Karthaus O. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe preparation of mesoporous honeycomb films, also known as breath figure arrays (BFAs), from poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride) is reported. Films containing regular arrays of micrometer‐sized air‐holes were prepared by evaporation of a chloroform solution of a mixture of the above polymer including 10 % of an amphiphilic polyion complex under high humidity that leads to the formation of a hexagonally packed monolayer of water droplets in the polymer film. The porous films were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Crosslinking was achieved by immersion in an ethanol solution of an α, ω alkyldiamine and the chemical reaction was monitored by infrared spectroscopy. The non‐crosslinked films are hydrophobic with a water contact angle of more than 90°, whereas the crosslinked films became hydrophilic, so that a water drop penetrated into the films. After crosslinking, the honeycomb structure was stable to up to 350 °C, an increase of more than 150 K as compared to the non‐crosslinked films.
Preparation of Short Carbon Nanotubes and Application as an Electrode Material in Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang X. X. , Wang J. N. , Chang H. , Zhang Y. F. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA new approach is developed for cutting conventional micrometer‐long entangled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to short ca. 200 nm long segments with excellent dispersion. CNTs with different lengths are used as anode materials in Li‐ion batteries. The reversible capacity of the Li‐ion batteries is increased and the irreversible capacity is decreased upon shortening the length of the CNTs. The reason for this is that the insertion/extraction of Li ions is easier into/from short CNTs as compared to long CNTs because of the shortened length and the presence of lateral defects. Moreover, short CNTs have a lower electrical resistance and Warburg prefactor, resulting in better rate performance at high current densities. The present study suggests that short segments of CNTs obtained by cutting long CNTs may possess novel properties that may be useful for a wide variety of applications.
Novel Multi‐functional Mixed‐oxide Catalysts for Effective NOx Capture, Decomposition, and Reduction
Authors: Yu J. J. , Wang X. P. , Li L. D. , Hao Z. P. , Xu Z. P. , Lu G. Q. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper, novel multi‐functional mixed‐oxide catalysts have been rationally designed and developed for the effective abatement of NOx. CaxCo3 – xAl hydrotalcite‐like compounds (where x = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0) are first synthesized by co‐precipitation and calcined at 800 °C for 4 h in air to derive the mixed oxides. The resultant mixed oxides are generally of spinel phase, where the CaO phase is segregated when x ≥ 2.5. It has subsequently been found that the derived oxides are catalytically multi‐functional for NOx decomposition, capture, and reduction. For example, the mixed Ca2Co1Al1‐oxide can decompose 55 % NO at 300 °C in 8 % oxygen, completely trap NO for 750 s, and capture 12.88 and 18.06 mg g–1 NO within 30 and 60 min, respectively. The catalytic activities of the Ca2Co1Al1‐oxide catalyst have been further improved by incorporating La to form a quaternary catalyst Ca2Co1La0.1Al0.9‐oxide. This catalyst significantly enhances the NO decomposition to 75 %, extends the complete trapping time to 1100 s, and captures more NO at 300 °C in 8 % O2 (19.02 mg g–1 NO within 60 min). The in‐situ IR spectra of the catalysts with adsorbed NO indicates that the major nitrogen species formed on the catalysts are various kinds of nitrites and nitrates, which can be readily reduced by H2 within 6 min at 350 °C. Therefore, the excellent catalytic activity of layered double hydroxide (LDH)‐based mixed oxides for NO decomposition, storage, and reduction can be achieved by the elegant combination of normal transition metals.
Hydrogen separation of methyltriethoxysilane templating silica membrane
Authors: Moon Jong‐Ho , Lee Chang‐Ha 
Published: October 2007

AbstractHydrogen separation on microporous methyltriethoxysilane‐templating silica composite/α‐alumina membranes (below MTES membrane) was studied using three binary gas mixtures: H2/N2, H2/CO2, and H2/CH4. The characteristics of unsteady and steady‐state permeation/separation on the MTES membrane were compared to each other. Although permeation flux in the H2/N2 mixture was comparatively low, H2 selectivity was high (H2/N2 SF ≈ 30–60). On the contrary, the H2/CO2 mixture showed high permeation flux but low H2 selectivity (H2/CO2 SF ≈ 1.5–6.5). The H2/CH4 mixture showed a large difference between permselectivity (28–48) and separation factor (10–22). Results from this study revealed that it was difficult to predict the separation factor using the one‐component permeation ratio (permselectivity) over the experimental range tested. These separation characteristics could be primarily ascribed to the molecular size and structure of each gas, which likely contributed to steric hindrance or molecular sieving within the membrane pore. In addition, the adsorption affinity of each molecule on the membrane surface acted as a key factor in separation performance because it significantly influenced surface diffusion. The generalized Maxwell‐Stefan model incorporating the dust gas model, and the Langmuir model could successfully predict the transient and steady‐state permeation/separation. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Autosomal microsatellite variability of the Arrernte people of Australia
Authors: Alfonso‐Sánchez M. A. , Pérez‐Miranda A. M. , Herrera R. J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe genomic diversity of the Arrernte people of Australia or caterpillar people was investigated utilizing 13 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were detected at the D18S51, TPOX and CSF1PO loci, which persisted after applying the Bonferroni correction. Gene diversity values oscillate between 0.6302 (CSF1PO) and 0.8731 (D21S11). Observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranges from 0.2632 (D18S51) to 0.8333 (vWA) and is lower than the expected heterozygosity (He) for 12 of the 13 loci analyzed. The genetic relationships of the Arrernte with Middle Eastern, East Asian, South Asian and Indian populations were analyzed by distance‐based methods, including Neighbor‐Joining trees and nonmetric multidimensional scaling. In addition, the genetic contribution of the populations included in the analysis to the Arrernte gene pool was estimated utilizing weighted least square coefficients. Although the Arrernte population exhibits a remarkable level of genetic differentiation, results of the phylogeographic analyses based on autosomal microsatellite data suggest a certain degree of genetic relatedness between the Arrernte tribe of Australia and populations from the Indian subcontinent. In contrast, the STR diversity analyses failed to detect substantial East Asian contribution to the genetic background of the Arrernte group. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successive aggression: another pattern of polyadic aggressive interactions in a captive group of japanese macaques
Authors: Rizaldi  , Watanabe Kunio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSeveral patterns of polyadic aggressive interactions have been previously reported. Here, we describe another pattern of polyadic interactions in a captive group of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) that we designate as “successive aggression”. We defined successive aggression as aggression by the original actor toward a second recipient within a very short time interval after the initial aggression toward the first recipient. We compared the patterns and characteristics of successive aggression to those of redirection. Among 2,698 recorded aggressive interactions, 80 involved successive aggressions and 75 were classified as redirections. Females, especially adult females, performed and received more successive aggression, whereas males, especially adult males, performed and received more redirection. Successive aggression often occurred when the first recipient exhibited counter‐aggression. Successive aggression was then directed toward an individual related to the first recipient, such as the mother, offspring or sibling. The targets of redirection were not relatives of the first aggressor in most cases, but were clearly subordinate individuals. The dominance relationships among the aggressor, the first recipient and the second recipients were usually non‐linear for successive aggression, but were linear for most cases of redirection. These results suggest that monkeys can anticipate possible opponents who may intervene in ongoing aggressive interactions and suppress them, even though they are not yet hostile toward these individuals. Successive aggression may function to establish and maintain dominance relationships among matrilineal groups through repeated confirmations. Am. J. Primatol. 70:349–355, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of cyclic compression and thermal aging on dynamic properties of neoprene rubber bearings
Authors: Chou Hsoung‐Wei , Huang Jong‐Shin 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe dynamic properties of rubber bearings frequently used as isolators in structures could be significantly deteriorated because of the change of microstructure in rubber caused by cyclic compression and thermal aging. As a result, a catastrophic failure of bridges and buildings unexpectedly occurs when they are subjected to earthquake attack. Here, the dynamic properties of neoprene rubber bearings before and after different cycles of compressive loading or various periods of thermal aging were first measured and compared to each other. On the basis of the experimental results, the effects of cyclic compression and thermal aging on the stiffness, energy absorption, and equivalent viscous damping coefficient of neoprene rubber bearings are investigated. It is found that the deterioration of dynamic properties of neoprene rubber bearings caused by either cyclic compression or by thermal aging is significant and should be taken into account in designing rubber bearings. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. JAppl Polym Sci, 2008
Lewis acid–base property of P(VDF‐co‐HFP) measured by inverse gas chromatography
Authors: Shi Baoli , He Mingjia 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPoly (vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) P(VDF‐co‐HFP) is an excellent material for polymer electrolytes of lithium ion battery. To enhance the lithium ion transference number, some metal oxides were often embedded into P(VDF‐co‐HFP). The promising mechanism for the increase in lithium ionic conductivity was Lewis acid‐base theory. In this experiment, the Lewis acid–base properties of P(VDF‐co‐HFP) were measured by inverse gas chromatography (IGC). The Lewis acid constant Ka of P(VDF‐co‐HFP) is 0.254, and the base constant Kb is 1.199. Compared with other polymers characterized by IGC, P(VDF‐co‐HFP) is the strongest Lewis basic polymers. Except aluminum ion, lithium ion is the strongest Lewis acidic ion according to their η value of Lewis acids. Therefore, a strong Lewis acid–base interaction will exist between lithium ion and P(VDF‐co‐HFP). This will restrict the transference of lithium ion in P(VDF‐co‐HFP). To enhance the lithium ion transference by blending other metal ions into P(VDF‐co‐HFP), it is suggested that the preferential ions should be Al3+, Mg2+, Na+, and Ca2+ because these metal ions have relative large η values. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Invasive Cells in the Placentome of Andean Populations of Mabuya: An Endotheliochorial Contribution to the Placenta?
Authors: Vieira Simón , de Perez Gloria , Ramírez‐Pinilla Martha Patricia 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNew world lizards of the genus Mabuya have the most specialized level of placentotrophy among reptiles known to date, and related to that, they have the most complex allantoplacenta characterized by a series of morphological specializations that converge with those known for eutherian mammals. One of these specializations is the placentome that is found in the embryonic pole of the incubation chamber. In the mature allantoplacenta, this structure is morphologically the most complex, which could support an important amount of nutrient exchange between mother and fetus. According to the relationship between the chorioallantois and the syncytial uterine epithelia, the placenta of Mabuya populations shows some interesting similarities to the synepitheliochorial type. Recently, cells of chorionic origin have been found invading the syncytial uterine epithelium, and in very close proximity with uterine blood vessels. In this study, we describe the relationship between these invasive chorionic cells, the uterine syncytium, and the subjacent blood vessels of several populations of this genus, by means of high resolution optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Cell groups originating from the chorion, of variable size and shape, penetrate the uterine syncytial epithelium extending complex cytoplasmic projections that come in contact with uterine capillaries and form an extensive and complex double‐membrane system that surrounds the capillary. The close relationship between the chorion and the maternal circulation suggests that the Mabuya placentome shows some characteristics of an endotheliochorial placenta. This finding constitutes so far the only documented example of an endotheliochorial placentation in Reptilia. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of the Serotonin Transporter (SERT) in the Choroid Plexuses from Buffalo Brain
Authors: Pavone Luigi M. , Tafuri Simona , Mastellone Vincenzo , Morte Rossella Della , Lombardi Pietro , Avallone Luigi , Maharajan Veeramani , Staiano Norma , Scala Gaetano 
Published: October 2007

AbstractChoroid plexuses (CPs) play pivotal roles in a wide range of processes that establish, survey, and maintain the biochemical and cellular status of the central nervous system. Mammalian CPs contain a very high density of serotonin receptors, and serotonin has been shown to affect CP functions. The serotonin transporter (SERT) regulates the entire serotonergic system, including serotonin receptors by means of modulation of serotonin concentration in the extracellular fluid. In this study, the expression of SERT in the CPs from the brain of a mammalian species, Bubalis bubalis, was established. By immunogold labeling in scanning electron microscopy, SERT immunoreactivity was found to be localized on the apical surface of the choroid epithelium. In particular, SERT positivity was detected on the apical portion of villi, and both on the membrane and in the cytoplasm of grouped cells on the surface of the choroid epithelium. Significantly, no SERT was detected in blood vessels irrigating the CPs. The expression of SERT mRNA transcripts of 440 bp in the CPs was detected by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting analysis revealed the presence of three isoforms of the protein with molecular masses of approximately 70, 80, and 140 kDa, respectively, probably corresponding to differently glycosylated SERT. Our findings provide the first report of SERT detection in the CPs of buffalo brain and indicate that this protein is locally synthesized from the choroid epithelial cells. We suggest that SERT might have an important role in mammalian CPs, possibly regulating the serotonin flow between brain and rest of the body. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aquaporin 9 (AQP9) Localization in the Adult Dog Testis Excurrent Ducts by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Domeniconi Raquel Fantin , Orsi Antonio Marcos , Justulin Luis Antonio , Beu Célia Cristina Leme , Felisbino Sérgio Luis 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAquaporins (AQPs) are small, intrinsic membrane proteins that are present in many cell types involved in fluid transport. AQP9 is a major apical water channel that is expressed throughout the efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens, as well as in other regions of the human and rodent male reproductive tract. The target of this study was to examine the expression of AQP9 in epithelial cells in the adult dog efferent ducts, epididymis, and vas deferens. Samples of dog male reproductive tract comprising fragments of the testis; initial segment, caput, corpus, and cauda of the epididymis; and vas deferens were obtained from eight adult mongrel dogs. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting procedures were used to show AQP9 localization and distribution. AQP9 expression was not detected either in dog seminiferous tubules or rete testis. However, apical labeling for AQP9 was detected in the different regions of epididymis and vas deferens, with the reaction being less intense in the caput epididymis. Thus, AQP9 is abundantly expressed in dog male reproductive tract, in which it is an important apical pathway for transmembrane flow of water and neutral solutes. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.