bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Docking and ADMET Analysis Strategy-Based Stability Indicating RP-HPLC-PDA Method Development and Validation of Toremifene
Authors: Khan Shamshir , Ahmad Makhmur , Ullah Zabih , Hashmi Sana , Ali Md Sajid , Hudda Sharwan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The purpose of this research is to develop an analytical method
and validate it according to ICH guidelines for the estimation of Toremifene by RP-HPLC-PDA
with molecular docking and ADMET analysis. From molecular docking, it came to know
the receptor affinity specifically to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are responsible
for cancer therapy. ADMET analyses secure its therapeutic potential as well safety of the
drug.

background:
By performing Molecular docking analyses the precise interaction with target proteins have been confirmed, while ADMET assessments have unveiled its pharmacokinetic attributes and anticipated toxicity profile of drug.

Methods:
An isocratic method has developed by RP-HPLC-PDA (AGILENT 1100) with symmetry
of 100 mm x 4.6 mm x 5 μm particle size C18 column and optimise mobile phase is
methanol: 0.1% OPA (orthophosphoric acid) water ratio of 43:57% v/v. Under different conditions
like acidic, alkaline, oxidative, and neutral environments, toremifene was tested for degradation.

objective:
Quantification of Toremifene by RP-HPLC-PDA analytical with Molecular docking approach

Results:
The developed method is validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. A calibration
curve with an r2 value of 0.9987 has been prepared across the range of 10 to 50 μg/ml with five
standard dilutions. The retention time of the drug is 5.575 minutes. The validation results are
system suitability (%RSD-0.76), inter-day precision (%RSD 0.14-0.29), intraday precision
(%RSD 0.08-0.34), accuracy (%RSD 0.16-0.96), and robustness (%RSD 0.16-0.35). In different
intended conditions, four peaks are in 1 N HCl, two peaks in 1 N NaOH, three peaks in 10%
H2O2 (1hr), and one peak in neutral

method:
Molecular docking based an isocratic RP-HPLC-PDA was performed on an HPLC apparatus (AGILENT 1100) with a symmetry of 100 mm x 4.6 mm and a 5 µm particle size C18 column and a methanol:0.1% OPA (orthophosphoric acid) water ratio of 43:57% v/v.

Conclusion:
Toremifene, a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM), Drug pharmacokinetic
properties and receptor binding affinity results are helpful in designing the analytical
method. Developing the RP-HPLC-PDA method is found to be novel, simple and precise. It
could be used for testing toremifene in bulk and pharmaceutical tablet dosage forms in quality
control, as well as stability tests.
Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Explore the Mechanism of Compound Qilian Tablets in Treating Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Jia Jiangwei , Liu Bo , Wang Xin , Ji Fenglan , Wen Fuchun , Song Lianlian , Xu Huibo , Ding Tao 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the common chronic complications
of diabetes mellitus, which has developed into the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment
in adults worldwide. The Compound Qilian Tablets (CQLT) were developed in China
for the treatment and prevention of DR, but their mechanism of action is still unclear.

Objective:
In the present study, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo validation
experiments were used to investigate the active components and molecular mechanisms of
CQLT against DR.

Methods:
The active components and targets of CQLT were collected through the TCSMP database,
and the targets of DR were obtained from GeneCards, OMIM, and Drugbank databases.
We established a protein-protein interaction network using the STRING database. Gene Ontology
(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses
were conducted using the Metascape database. Molecular docking using AutoDock Vina
was performed to investigate the interactions between components of CQLT and core targets.
Moreover, we selected ZDF rats to establish a DR model for the experimental studies.

Results:
39 active components and 448 targets in CQLT were screened, among which 90 targets
were shared with DR. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 181 pathways. The molecular
docking results demonstrated that the main active components had strong binding ability
to the core targets. The results from animal experiments indicate that the mechanism of CQLT
against DR is associated with inhibiting the retinal mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway,
alleviating the inflammatory response, suppressing retinal neovascularization, and protecting the
function and morphology of the retina.

Conclusion:
The present study preliminarily explored the mechanism of CQLT in treating DR
and demonstrated that CQLT exerts anti-DR effects through multiple components, multiple targets,
and multiple pathways. These findings suggest that CQLT shows promise as a potential
therapeutic agent for DR and could contribute to developing novel treatments.
Hand Foot Syndrome Induced by Lenvatinib - A Case Report
Authors: Rangshahi Kiran , Nanda Siddhartha , Gurunthalingam Meenalotchini Prakash , Katiyara Vikas , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Gaikwad Nitin R 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Hand–Foot Syndrome (HFS), also known as palmar–plantar erythrodysesthesia,
is a common reaction to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ( TKIs), which can often lead
to discontinuation of the drug. Lenvatinib is a recently approved drug for the treatment of endometrial
carcinoma, which has been proven to provide a better overall survival rate and longer
duration of progression-free survival among patients with advanced endometrial cancer. Herein,
we have reported a case of carcinoma endometrium with metastasis who had to discontinue the
use of lenvatinib due to the adverse drug reaction.

Case Report:
A 60-year-old female patient with carcinoma endometrium with metastasis, post
radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo–oophorectomy with omentectomy, was started on
tablet lenvatinib 8 mg once daily orally for 15 days. After 12 days of treatment, the patient noticed
painful lesions with reddish-black discoloration over the left forearm and dorsal aspect of
the left hand and fingers, and was diagnosed with lenvatinib-induced hand-foot syndrome. Lenvatinib
was discontinued and tab. prednisolone 30mg was taken orally. The reaction subsided
after five days.

Conclusion:
Hand-foot syndrome is one of the commonest ADRs due to the use of lenvatinib.
Lenvatinib is an oral formulation that patients can take at their homes. Hence, educating patients
regarding the HFS is important so that they report it to the treating physicians on time. It is also
essential to educate patients regarding the precautions to be taken to avoid hand-foot syndrome.
This will help the physicians with the early discontinuation and appropriate treatment with corticosteroids,
which will help in improving the quality of life of the patients already suffering
from cancer.
A Randomized Trial of the Efficacy of Three Weight Loss Diet Interventions in Overweight/Obese with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Dou Pan , Zhang Ting-Ting , Xu Yang , Xue Qing , Zhang Yangyang , Shang Jing , Yang Xiu-Li 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent, complex,
heterogeneous, polygenic endocrine disorder characterized by metabolic and reproductive dysfunction
that affects 8-13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. The pathogenesis of
PCOS has not been fully clarified and includes genetics, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR).
Oxidative stress (OS) of PCOS is independent of obesity. It can induce IR through post-insulin
receptor defects, impair glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue, and exacerbate IR by reducing
insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells.

Objective:
To investigate the effects of Calorie Restricted Diet (CRD), High Protein Diet
(HPD), and High Protein and High Dietary Fiber Diet (HPD+HDF) on body composition, insulin
resistance, and oxidative stress in overweight/obese PCOS patients.

Methods:
A total of 90 overweight/obese patients with PCOS were selected to receive an 8-
week medical nutrition weight loss intervention at our First Hospital of Peking University, and
we randomly divided them into the CRD group (group A), the HPD group (group B), and the
HPD+HDF group (group C), with 30 patients in each group. We measured their body composition,
HOMA-IR index, and oxidative stress indicators. The t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis
of variance (ANOVA), and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the efficacy of the
three methods.

Results:
After eight weeks, the body weights of the three groups decreased by 6.32%, 5.70%
and 7.24%, respectively, and the Visceral Fat Area (VFA) values decreased by 6.8 cm2, 13.4
cm2 and 23.45 cm2, respectively, especially in group C (p <0.05). The lean body mass (LBM),
also known as the Fat-Free Mass (FFM) values of group B and group C after weight loss, were
higher than that of group A (p <0.05). After weight loss, the homeostatic model assessment of
insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased. Superoxide
dismutase (SOD) was increased in all three groups (p <0.05), and the changes in SOD and
MDA in group B and group C were more significant (p <0.05). HOMA-IR index positively correlated
with body mass index (BMI) (r=0.195; p <0.05); MDA positively correlated with percent
of body fat (PBF) (r=0.186; p <0.05) and HOMA-IR index (r=0.422; p <0.01); SOD positively
correlated with LMI/FFMI (r=0.195; p <0.05), negatively correlated with HOMA-IR index
(r=-0.433; p <0.01).

Conclusion:
All three diets were effective in reducing the body weight of overweight/obese
patients with PCOS by more than 5% within 8 weeks and could improve both insulin resistance
and oxidative stress damage. Compared with CRD, HPD and HPD+HDF diets could better retain
lean body mass and significantly improve oxidative stress damage.
Detecting Cracks on Plates using Reflections of Fundamental Symmetric and Anti-symmetric Lamb Waves from Defect
Authors: Li Xuexin , Zhang Yu , Jing Qi , Zhang Xinhan 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Ultrasonic Lamb waves can achieve long-range inspection on plate-like
structures and can even detect unreachable cracks and defects. There are multiple modes under a
certain generation frequency with most of them dispersive.

Method:
The dispersion curves of Lamb wave in a steel plate were given by numerical calculation. A
2-D finite element (FE) model of a steel plate was promoted. The fundamental symmetric and antisymmetric
Lamb waves were generated by uploading symmetrical and anti-symmetrical displacements
on one side of the plane. The wave reflects when it comes across the defect and the edge of the
plate. Mode conversion will occur after the asymmetrical discontinuities of the structure.

Result:
The theoretical and numerical results of the values of group velocities of S0 and A0 in a steel
plate show well agreement. The maximum amplitude of the converted A0 wave from the interaction
of the incident S0 wave with the cracks was observed. The amplitude will first rise then fall under
any depth of the defects. The relationship between the defect reflection and the length as well as the
depth of defects were simulated based on the FE model. Phase reversion and phase delay were discovered
by controlling the defect size changing in one dimension. The reflection coefficient increases
linearly with the defect length while the depth is constant, as well as the defect depth while the
length is constant.

method:
Using finite element (FE) method to simulate Lamb wave motion in a plate, as well as experiments on steel plates with artificial defects.

Conclusion:
Experiments on steel plates with artificial defects including thorough holes and tapered
holes were carried out using ISONICA STAR. The results also show that when the defect size
changes in one dimension such as the thorough holes, the reflection coefficient increases linearly
correspondingly. However, the testing results of the taper holes were inconsistent with the regulation
as the size increases in both the length and the depth.

result:
The values of group velocities were calculated by time-of-flight method to identify specific modes. The results were calibrated and showed well agreement with theoretical data. Mode conversion will appear when the wave comes across asymmetric discontinuities of the structure.
Sub-1 GHz RF-based Energy-efficient Sensor Node for Secure Communication in Low-power IoT and Embedded Applications
Authors: Sultan Ishfaq , Banday Mohammad Tariq 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The Internet of Things (IoT) devices consist of a microcontroller unit for
data processing, a low-power wireless radio module for data transmission, and various sensors for
data collection. The sensor nodes and processing devices used in the Internet of Things are
resource-constrained, with power consumption and security being the two most critical parameters.

Objective:
This paper addresses the challenges of power consumption and security in IoT
scenarios. It presents a low-power and secure heterogeneous multicore sensing architecture
designed for low-power IoT and wireless sensor networks. The architecture comprises a sensing
and control subsystem, an information processing unit, and a wireless communication module.

Methods:
The architecture uses a microcontroller unit based on ARM Cortex M4, a low-power
sub-1 GHz RF-compliant communication radio, and a few sensors. The proposed architecture has
been implemented and tested using the Contiki Operating System.

Results:
The implemented sensor node architecture demonstrated performance efficiency, lower
energy consumption, and higher security.

Conclusion:
By leveraging efficient power management, data transmission strategies, and
cryptographic security, the architecture contributes to developing energy-efficient and secure IoT
devices.
Carbon-Chalcogenide Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water
Authors: Mahata Atanu , Roy Totan , Mondal Animesh , Kundu Debasish 
Published: April 2024

:
Over the past two decades, researchers have witnessed the synthesis of diaryl sulfides and
diaryl selenides via transition metals-mediated carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions in the
presence of various organic and inorganic solvents. The use of water as a clean and environmentally
friendly solvent in cross-coupling chemistry of C-S/Se bond formations has attracted profound interest
owing to its availability, non-toxicity, low cost and renewability. The most commonly used solvents
have been recognized as being of environmental concern, but the use of green and eco-friendly
solvents like water is frequently considered with respect to the recovery of catalysts, isolation of
products, and recycling. The fundamental interactions between the water and the transition metal
catalysts or ligands are viewed from mechanistic aspects, which mostly favours the rational selection
of high-performance and safe solvents. In this article, the authors intended to focus extensively on
the critical role of water in various transition metals mediated C-S/Se cross-coupling methodologies.
A Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Port Recognition in Complex Environments based on Wavelet Enhancement and Improved Canny Algorithm
Authors: Sun Chunya , Yin Shiao , Xiao Yanqiu , Cui Guangzhen , Yao Lei , Ji Jiangtao 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The current method has low detection accuracy for electric vehicle
charging ports in complex environments.

background:
The current method has low detection accuracy for electric vehicle charging ports in complex environments.

Objective:
This paper proposes a method for electric vehicle charging port recognition based on
wavelet enhancement and an improved canny algorithm.

objective:
This paper proposes a method for electric vehicle charging port recognition based on wavelet enhancement and improved canny algorithm.

Methods:
Firstly, a preprocessing assessment model is proposed to determine whether preprocessing
enhancement should be applied. Subsequently, we perform a stretch transformation on
the S channel in the HSI color space and apply a discrete wavelet transform to the I channel to
restore the brightness and detail features of the target objects in the image. Specifically, in this
paper, adaptive median filtering and multi-scale Retinex algorithm are utilized on different frequency
components respectively. Finally, the features and parameters of the charging port are detected
and extracted through the maximum inter-class variance method, morphological processing,
the improved Canny algorithm, and Hough transform fitting.

Results:
This paper conducts comparative experiments on preprocessing enhancement of charging
port images in different environments and features detection of charging ports. The hole feature
parameters detected by this method are consistent with the actual situation.

Conclusion:
The experiment proves that the method proposed in this paper can meet the requirements
of precise identification of charging ports in complex environments.
Microsponge: An Advanced Drug Delivery System
Authors: Rakholiya Swati , Dutta Disha , Gupta Shiv Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Porous microsponges are a type of polymeric delivery method. These tiny, spherical
particles, resembling sponges, have a large porous surface, which helps to modify drug release,
stabilize the substance, and lessen side effects. To keep dose forms on the skin, micro sponges
can be successfully included intopical medicine administration systems. Since the outer surface
is frequently porous, the material can continuously flow out of the sphere. This system can suspend
or entrap a variety of substances, and it can be incorporated into a manufactured product
like a liquid, gel, cream, or powder. The majority of vehicles and components can be used with
these formulations, which are stable in the pH range of 1 to 11 and up to 130ºC. Microsponges
are created to reduce side effects, change medication release, and enhance stability to successfully
distribute a pharmaceutically active component at the lowest amount achievable.
A Foodborne Disease “Campylobacteriosis”: Global Epidemiology,
Pathogenicity, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Choudhary Pooja , Punia Aruna , Kumari Sudesh , Sharma Namita , Dahiya Sweety , Chhillar Anil K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Campylobacteriosis is a foodborne disease caused by Campylobacter, which is one of
the leading causative agents of bacterial gastrointestinal diseases in developed and developing
countries. According to WHO, Campylobacter species infects a hundred million people yearly.
The bacterium is thermotolerant, cytochrome oxidase-positive, spiral-shaped, gram-negative,
and microaerophilic, by exhibiting corkscrew motility it passes through the intestines of animals
and birds. It is generally transmitted through the consumption of contaminated food associated
with animal and their products. The main infectious species include C. coli, C. jejuni, C. fetus
and C. upsaliensis. Infection symptoms can be mild to serious depending upon the patient's age
and in some cases can lead to permanent neurological disorders. Detection of Campylobacter in
food, clinical and environmental samples is accomplished with the help of combinatorial usage
of selective enrichment and culture methods. Currently, there is no sole viable approach for infection
management because of resistance emergence. In this review article, we discuss Campylobacter
epidemiology, pathogenicity, various diagnostic methods and treatment of Campylobacteriosis.
FARMACOVID: Longitudinal Study of the Profile and Management of Drug Interactions in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Lopez-Cardenas Junior , Jhosep Blanco , Bustos Rosa-Helena , Cruz Andres , Lechtig-Wasserman Sharon , Pinedo Jennifer-Andrea , Ortega Maria-Jose , Bastidas Nicolas , Fuentes Yuli V. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Critically ill patients with COVID-19 have important risk factors for drug–
drug interactions.

Objective:
This study aimed to characterize and describe the profile and management of drug–drug
interactions in critically ill patients affected by COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital in Colombia.

Methods:
A descriptive retrospective cohort with an exploratory analytical component was used. The
medical records of 191 patients were reviewed from August 2020 to February 2021. An initial descriptive
analysis was performed, and a bivariate analysis was developed to include variables of significance
in a multivariate analysis.

Results:
In our cohort of critically ill patients, the following factors were associated with a higher
risk of major outcome development: a higher age (p = 0.037), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (p =
0.001), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (p = 0.001), a greater number of prescribed
drugs, number of interactions, and the presence of type-D interactions.

Conclusion:
Identifying clinical predictors and types of drug interactions may alter the development
of major outcomes such as mortality.
Sentiment Analysis on Suicidal Tendency Affected by the COVID -19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Different Algorithms using Twitter Data
Authors: Dilanka R.D.S. , Rupasingha R.A.H.M. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Unintentional behavioral changes brought on by the COVID-19 outbreak
may have contributed to the increase in reported suicidal attempts. The coronavirus pandemic era has
contributed to modifying existing domestic violence, mental health, conflict, and anxiety. Moreover,
quarantine and self-isolation may have resulted in melancholy, suicidal thoughts, drug and alcohol
misuse, and loneliness. Therefore, it is crucial and significant to gather data on the global prevalence
of suicide and suicidal attempts throughout the pandemic.

Objective:
This study's objective was to evaluate the tone of tweets regarding suicide and whether or
not those tweets are connected to COVID-19.

Methods:
Twitter is one of the most widely used channels for sharing people's thoughts in various
situations. A total of 9750 tweets have been found with respect to COVID-19-related suicidal ideation
and other suicides. Gathered data were pre-processed, and feature vectors were constructed in
order to establish a forecast paradigm by using artificial neural networks (ANN), long short-term
memory (LSTM), and support vector machine (SVM).

Results:
The results demonstrated that ANN outperformed SVM and LSTM in terms of classification,
achieving 91.33% accuracy while also having greater recall, precision, F-measure, and minimum
error values.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study may help to categorize peoples' suicidal thoughts successfully.
The results will help to identify future suicidal incidents with the help of the proposed approach
and avoid such kinds of situations from occurring.