bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of a clinical nursing decision support system for the prevention of neonatal hypoglycaemia
Authors: Liu Qiaoyan , Sun Lulu , Yang Jie , Yin Wei , Cao Songmei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Hypoglycaemia is one of the most common complications during the neonatal period.Frequent hypoglycaemia can lead to neurodevelopmental impairment, and even sudden death. Evidence suggests that health care professionals should determine whether a newborn is at high risk for hypoglycaemia immediately after birth and make the most appropriate preventive decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a clinical nursing decision support system for neonatal hypoglycaemia prevention based on the prediction model for neonatal hypoglycaemia risk that was developed in a previous study，and to evaluate its effects.
Methods: Nursing process as the theoretical framework, based on evidence-based nursing, standardized nursing language, and clinical decision support technology, the neonatal hypoglycaemia prevention nursing decision support system was developed.The system was used in the neonatology department of a Grade III Class A general hospital from September 1 to 30, 2023.The application effect of the system was evaluated and compared through the incidence of neonatal hypoglycaemia, hypoglycaemia-related adverse outcomes in neonates,and the experience of nurses after the use of the system.
Results: The incidence of neonatal hypoglycaemia decreased after the system was implemented, and the difference was statistically significant (X2=4.522, P=0.033). None of the neonates experienced adverse outcomes during hospitalization. The rate of hypoglycaemia risk assessment in neonates after system implementation was 92.16%. The total Clinical Nursing Information System Effectiveness Evaluation Scale score was 104.36 ± 1.96.
Conclusion: The neonatal hypoglycaemia prevention nursing decision support system realizes neonatal hypoglycaemia risk assessment, intelligent decision-making, and effect evaluation, effectively reduces the incidence of neonatal hypoglycaemia, and improves the standardization of neonatal hypoglycaemia management.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived protein extract induces periodontal regeneration
Authors: Peng Yihao , Iwasaki Kengo , Taguchi Yoichiro , Ishikawa Isao , Umeda Makoto 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Periodontal disease is characterized by chronic inflammation and destruction of supporting periodontal tissues, ultimately leading to tooth loss. In recent years, “cell-free treatment” without stem cell transplantation has attracted considerable attention for tissue regeneration. This study investigated the effects of extracts of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-extract) and their protein components (MSC-protein) on the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and whether MSC-protein can induce periodontal regeneration.
Methods
MSC-extract and MSC-protein were obtained by subjecting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to freeze–thaw cycles and acetone precipitation. Cell proliferation was examined using a WST-8 assay and Ki67 immunostaining, and cell migration was examined using Boyden chambers. The MSC-protein content was analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, protein arrays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Gene expression in MSC-protein-treated PDL cells was examined using RNA-sequencing and Gene Ontology analyses. The regenerative potential of MSC-protein was examined using micro-computer tomography (CT) and histological analyses after transplantation into a rat periodontal defect model.
Results
MSC-extract and MSC-protein promoted the proliferation and migration of PDL cells. Protein array and ELISA revealed that MSC-protein contained high concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Exogenous bFGF promoted the proliferation and migration of PDL cells. Furthermore, the transplantation of MSC-protein enhanced periodontal tissue regeneration with the formation of new alveolar bone and PDLs.
Conclusions
These results indicate that the MSC-protein promotes the proliferation and migration of PDL cells and induces significant periodontal tissue regeneration, suggesting that the MSC-protein could be used as a new cell-free treatment for periodontal disease.
Evidence for a relationship between genetic polymorphisms of the L-DOPA transporter LAT2/4F2hc and risk of hypertension in the context of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Crocco Paolina , Dato Serena , Grotta Rossella La , Passarino Giuseppe , Rose Giuseppina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension are chronic diseases affecting a large portion of the population, frequently coexistent and interdependent. The inability to produce/use adequate renal dopamine may contribute to the development of hypertension and renal dysfunction. The heterodimeric amino acid transporter LAT2/4F2hc (SLC7A8/SLC3A2 genes) promotes the uptake of L-DOPA, the natural precursor of dopamine. We examined the plausibility that SLC7A8/SLC3A2 gene polymorphisms may contribute to hypertensive CKD by affecting the L-DOPA uptake.
Methods
421 subjects (203 men and 218 women, mean age of 78.9 ± 9.6 years) were recruited and divided in four groups according to presence/absence of CKD, defined as reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR < 60 ml/min/m2) calculated using the creatinine-based Berlin Initiative Study–1 (BIS1) equation, and to presence/absence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg). Subjects were analysed for selected SNPs spanning the SLC7A8 and SLC3A2 loci by Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform.
Results
The most significant SNP at the SLC3A2 (4F2hc) locus was rs2282477-T/C, with carriers of the C-allele having a lower chance to develop hypertension among CKD affected individuals [OR = 0.33 (CI 0.14–0.82); p = 0.016]. A similar association with hypertensive CKD was found for the SLC7A8 (LAT2) rs3783436-T/C, whose C-allele resulted associated with decreased risk of hypertension among subjects affected by CKD [OR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.35–0.90; p = 0.017]. The two variants were predicted to be potentially functional.
Conclusions
The association between SLC3A2 and SLC7A8 variants to hypertension development in patients with renal failure could be linked to changes in L-DOPA uptake and consequently dopamine synthesis. Although additional research is needed, our study opens new avenues for future basic and translational research in the field of hypertensive CKD.
Feeding practices, prevalence and factors associated with concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children under five years attending health facilities in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Iranezereje Dick , Bernis Melvis Maren , Kumbakulu Patrick Kumbowi , Muhumuza Joshua , Nduwimana Martin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Malnutrition remains a significant factor determining health and survival of children in countries with low and middle income. The indicators utilized traditionally to separately assess the magnitude of malnutrition in communities have been reported by recent studies to have ignored the impact of simultaneous anthropometric deficits. This study aimed to determine the feeding practices, prevalence and factors associated with concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children under 5 years attending health facilities in Southwestern Uganda (Bushenyi district)
Methods
This was a health facility-based, cross sectional study that enrolled 321 patients. The data related to feeding practices and socio demographic factors was collected using interview of caregivers while the weight and length were obtained using a digital weighing scale and an infantometer/stadiometer respectively. Concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) was diagnosed if both weight for length and height for age were under − 2SD. Binary logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) in SPSS version 26.
Results
The prevalence of WaSt was 4%. Early initiation of breast feeding was done in 85.1%, exclusive breastfeeding in 64.7%, continued breastfeeding in 63.1%, minimum diet diversity received in 33.7% and minimum meal frequency in 78.1%. The factors associated with WaSt were the presentation with diarrhea (aOR = 1.269, CI = 1.138–1.414, P < 0.001), pneumonia (aOR = 1.230, CI = 1.095–1.383, P = 0.001), not receiving minimum diet diversity (aOR = 1.235, CI = 1.052–1.265, P = 0.001), being a child to an unmarried mother, mother's MUAC < 22cm ((aOR = 1.316, CI = 1.144–1.514, P < 0.001) and not receiving nutritional counselling (aOR = 1.061, CI = 1.017–1.107, P = 0.006).
Conclusion
The prevalence of concurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) among children under five years attending health facilities in Bushenyi district was in global prevalence range (4%). Complementary feeding practices indicators were poor particularly food diversity. Healthcare providers should screen systematically children under five for multiple anthropometric deficits.
Objective Response after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in a Chemotherapy-Refractory pMMR/MSS Metastatic Rectal Cancer Patient Primed with Experimental AlloStim® Immunotherapy.
Authors: Hirschfeld Azriel , Gurell Daniel , Har-Noy Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy is most effective in immune effector cell infiltrated ‘hot’ tumor lesions, such as occurs in deficient mismatch repair, microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC). However, most all metastatic CRC tumors are mismatch repair proficient/microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) ‘cold’ lesions, without significant immune cell infiltration, and are unresponsive to ICI. AlloStim®, is an experimental, allogeneic immunomodulatory cell therapy designed to convert ‘cold’ metastatic tumor lesions to ‘hot’ inflamed lesions. After AlloStim® immunotherapy, this cold to hot inflammatory mechanism can make it difficult to distinguish between pseudoprogression and actual progression on restaging CT scans, as inflamed metastatic lesions can appear larger and occult disease can appear as new small lesions.Methods: To explore whether radiological progression after AlloStim® immunotherapy is due to immune-flare or disease progression, we administered a short course of a combination ICI therapy to a pMMR/MSS chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer patient enrolled in the StimVax Phase IIb clinical study that presented with radiological progression after AlloStim® immunotherapy. Our rationale was that an accelerated response to ICI should occur if the lesions were inflamed, while if the enlarged lesions were due to disease progression there would not be a response.Results: Here we report a rapid, significant reduction in tumor burden in response to ICI administration in an AlloStim®primed pMMR/MSS mCRC patient with retroperitoneal and lung metastases.Conclusion: This rare objective response to ICIs in a pMMR/MSS mCRC patient supports further evaluation of the combination of AlloStim®with ICI immunotherapy in MSS mCRC and other cold or ICI refractory tumors.Trial registration:National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Registered 22 June 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04444622
Association of Anaemia with Indoor Air Pollution Among Older Indian Adult Population: Multilevel Modelling Analysis of Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Halder Pritam , Verma Madhur , Pal Saumyarup , Mishra Amit Kumar , Deori Trideep Jyoti , Biswas Riya , Tiwari Jaya , Mamgai Anshul , Rathor Shivani , Prabhakar Manish Chandra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction- Anaemia is a disease of public health importance with multi-causal pathways. Previous literature suggests the role of indoor air pollution (IAP) on haemoglobin levels, but this has been studied less due to logistic constraints. A high proportion of the population in developing countries, including India, still depends on unclean fuel, which exacerbates IAP. The objective was to study the association between anaemia and IAP among the older Indian adult population (>45 years) as per gender.
Methods- Our study analysed the nationally representative dataset of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI 2017–18, Wave-1). Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to depict the association of anaemia (outcome variable) with IAP (explanatory variable). Multivariable logistic regression was conducted by adjusting for covariates as per their models. P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. SATA version 17 was used for analysis.
Results- Almost half (50.38%) of the participants were exposed to IAP (female (52.40%) > male (47.60%)). The adjusted likelihood of having anaemia was 19% higher (aOR 1.19; 1.09-1.31) among participants exposed to unclean/solid fuel. The adjusted odds were significantly higher among participants exposed to pollution-generating sources (aOR 1.30; 1.18-1.43), and household indoor smoking (aOR 1.17 (1.07-1.29. The adjusted odds of having anaemia were significantly higher (aOR 1.27; 1.16-1.39) among participants exposed to IAP, which was higher in males (aOR 1.36; 1.15-1.61) than females (aOR 1.21; 1.09-1.35).
Conclusion- This study established the positive association of anaemia with indoor air pollution among older Indian adults through a nationally representative large dataset. The association was higher among men. Further research is recommended to understand detailed causation and to establish temporality. It is a high time to implement positive intervention nationally to decrease solid/ unclean fuel usage, vulnerable ventilation, indoor smoking, IAP and health hazards associated with these.
Utilization of Preventive Medical Check-Up and Associated Factors Among Public Hospital Workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Achamo Tamene , Tumebo Teketel , Woldemariyam Mesay , Woldeyohannes Fikirte 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: The proper utilization of the Preventive Medical checkups (PMC) increases people’s quality of life and life expectancy by identifying treatable health issues and controlling life threatening diseases. Non-communicable diseases account for more than 71% of the overall global burden of diseases. The PMC is effective in preventing illness, promoting health, reducing morbidity and mortality. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the utilization of PMC in Ethiopia. Therefore, we aimed to assess the level of utilization of preventive medical check-ups and associated factors among workers in public hospitals.
Objective: To assess the utilization of preventive medical check-ups and associated factors among public hospital employees in Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Methods: A Hospital-based cross-sectional study with quantitative approach was conducted in 2019 on 422 subjects selected by systematic random sampling technique among the employees of the public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through a face-to-face interview. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.2.6 and exported to SPSS version 23 statistical software for analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.20 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariate logistic regression. Finally, variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 in multivariate analysis were considered as significantly associated.
Result: A total of 389 respondents were included in the study with response rate of 92.2%. The estimated utilization of PMC is 118(30.3%) within last twelve months and majority 319(82%) undergo PMC ever in their life. In the study area, respondents’ Age (AOR=6.56, 95%CI [1.87-23.06]), Work experience (AOR=0.75, 95%CI [0.65-0.70]) and NCDs history in respondent’s family (AOR=1.64; 95%CI: [1.70- 3.81]) were significantly associated with the utilization of PMCs.
Conclusion: The estimated utilization of PMC is very low (30.3%). It is critical to raise awareness about the importance of using PMC because, once established, the majority of chronic diseases can have a long-term impact on quality of life and wellness.
Subsequent acute ischemic stroke in a patient with monocular vision loss associated with isolated internal carotid artery occlusion: a case report
Authors: Seetge Jessica , Cséke Balázs , Karádi Zsófia Nozomi , Szalai Eszter , Gaál Valéria , Szapáry László 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite a growing body of evidence and ongoing clinical trials assessing the efficacy of reperfusion therapies in the acute phase, reliable systems capable of rapidly identifying patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and evidence-based therapeutic interventions that have been shown to improve visual outcomes, are currently lacking. In this report, we present an exceptional case involving CRAO with concurrent occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA), followed by an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) affecting the middle cerebral artery (MCA).
Case presentation
An 83-year-old woman with acute, painless vision loss in her right eye received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 4.5 hours of admission, suspecting CRAO associated with ICA occlusion (ICAO) on CT angiography (CTA). One hour post thrombolysis, perfusion CT (CTP) confirmed MCA occlusion (MCAO), necessitating mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Endovascular intervention proceeded without complications, and the patient exhibited no functional impairments at discharge.
Conclusions
This case study underscores the significance of maintaining a vigilant approach toward stroke management in patients with CRAO. It highlights the diagnostic challenges encountered in clinical practice and advocates for further research regarding the role of IVT in CRAO patients due to ICAO, emphasizing the need for consensus in treatment.
MiR-29a-5p engages in the mechanism of diabetic retinopathy by specifically targeting SIRT3
Authors: He Jianhong , Wei Shu zhen , Liang qing , Lai Duowen , Liao Rifang , Zeng Zhuanping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Whether miR-29a-5p is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still a subject of ongoing discussion. The current research examines the involvement of miR-29a-5p in regulating apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generated by high glucose (HG). Additionally, we are interested in analyzing the contribution of miR-29a-5p in developing DR. We obtained peripheral blood samples from 7 people with DR and 14 individuals without DR. Subsequently, we conducted biochemical indices analyses and qRT-PCR. We randomly divided RGCs into low glucose groups, HG groups, HG + inhibitor negative control groups, and HG + miR-29a-5p inhibitor groups. SIRT3 siRNA was transfected into RGCs through lipofectamine 3000 reagent. Cell vitality was detected by MTT; qRT-PCR was applied to identify miR-29a-5p expression; Detection of ROS, SOD, and MDA levels was quantified using the DCFH-DA, WST-1, and colorimetric methods, respectively; IL-6 and TNF-α contents were analyzed utilizing ELISA; Dual-luciferase gene reporter experiment was used to examine if SIRT3 is the specific target gene of miR-29a-5p; Flow cytometry evaluated apoptosis in RGCs; The technique of Western blotting identified the expression of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins. The expression of miR-29a-5p was markedly elevated in individuals with DR, and it had positive correlations with levels of total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). The combination of miR-29a-5p, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) exhibits significant diagnostic value for DR, demonstrating both high sensitivity and specificity. High glucose stimulated the expression of miR-29a-5p in RGCs and worsened cellular oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptotic levels. Transfection of miR-29a-5p inhibitor protected RGCs against HG-induced oxidative injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter experiment provided confirmation that SIRT3 was a target gene of miR-29a-5p, as it negatively regulated SIRT3 expression. Notably, SIRT3 knockdown abolished the protection of miR-29a-5p inhibition on RGCs. Suppression of the miR-29a-5p gene safeguards RGCs against injury caused by high glucose via boosting SIRT3 signaling, which might provide a new prevention and treatment strategy for DR.
Dynamic Vaccine Allocation for Control of Human Transmissible Disease
Authors: Lyu Mingdong , Chang Chang , Liu Kuofu , Hall Randolph 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

During pandemics, such as COVID-19, supplies of vaccines can be insufficient to meet all needs, particularly when vaccines first become available. Our study develops a dynamic methodology for vaccine allo- cation, segmented by region, age, and timeframe, using a time-sensitive, age-structured compartmental model. Based on the objective of mini- mizing a weighted sum of deaths and cases, we used the Sequential Least Squares Quadratic Programming method to search for a locally opti- mal COVID-19 vaccine allocation for the United States, for the period from December 16, 2020, to June 30, 2021, where regions corresponded to the 50 states in the United States (US). We also compared our solu- tion to actual allocations of vaccines. From our model, we estimate that approximately 1.8 million cases and 9 thousand deaths could have been averted in the US with an improved allocation. When case reduction is prioritized over death reduction, we found that young people (17 and younger) should receive priority over old people due to their potential to expose others. However, if death reduction is prioritized over case reduc- tion, we found that more vaccines should be allocated to older people, due to their propensity for severe disease. While we have applied our methodology to COVID-19, our approach generalizes to other human- transmissible diseases, with potential application to future epidemics.