bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibrocartilaginous embolism in the dog
Authors: Dyce J. , Houlton J. E. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTEighteen dogs with acute neurological symptoms suggestive of ischaemic myelopathy are described. A presumptive diagnosis of spinal parenchymal infarction, due to fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE), was made in 16 cases. This was confirmed by histological examination post mortem in the remainder. Clinical neurological parameters were the most reliable prognostic indicators following FCE. High dose corticosteroid therapy should be administered as soon as possible to influence the secondary pathophysiological reaction in such cases. Only one dog made a complete neurological recovery, however nine returned to normal activity with‐out regaining normal neurological function. Eight dogs required euthanasia.
Lateral fabellar fractures in the dog: A review of eight cases
Authors: Houlton J. E. F. , Ness M. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFractures of the lateral fabella were recorded in seven medium or large breed dogs. Six dogs had unilateral fractures and one had bilateral fractures. The fractures appeared to occur spontaneously, without external trauma. Four fractures were managed conservatively and four were treated by surgical removal of the fracture fragments. Both treatments were successful in resolving the lameness.
Third degree atrioventricular block following non‐penetrating chest trauma in a dog
Authors: Abbott J. A. , King R. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA two‐year‐old mixed breed dog was referred to the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for the management of post traumatic ventricular arrhythmias. Electrocardiography revealed third degree atrioventricular (AV) block. An echocardiogram demonstrated an echogenic, pedunculated mass arising from the caudoventral aspect of the atrial septum. The mass was believed to represent a haematoma or a thrombus associated with trauma to this region of the atrial septum. The patient was managed conservatively; third degree AV block was still pre‐ sent five days after trauma. The owner of the dog refused specific therapy of the arrhythmia. The patient was discharged and, unfortunately, lost to follow‐up. Third degree AV block has not previously been reported following accidental, blunt thoracic trauma in the dog.
Immunopathology of analfurunculosis in the dog
Authors: Day M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPerianal tissue obtained from 10 normal dogs and 40 dogs with anal furunculosis was immunostained in order to determine the number and distribution of B lymphocytes/plasma cells (expressing IgG, IgM or IgA) and T lymphocytes (expressing the CD3 marker) within the inflammatory infiltrates. Differences in these parameters between tissue obtained from affected German shepherd dogs (n = 20) and affected dogs of other breeds (n = 20) were recorded. The immunological phenotype of cells comprising lymphoid follicles and associated with ductal eosinophilic pustules observed in the anal sacs of dogs with anal furunculosis is described. The results of this study suggest that a simple immunological defect does not underlie the predisposition of dogs of the German shepherd breed for anal furunculosis.
Role of exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of canine transmissible venereal tumour
Authors: Batamuzi E. K. , Kessy B. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the role of exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of canine transmissible venereal tumour and to improve the success rate of surgical excision of this tumour. The technique was used to screen 360 dogs and, at the time of surgery, 34 clinical cases. Seventy‐five per cent of the cases detected by screening were described as early stage disease in comparison with 23 per cent of cases reported by owners. The value of exfoliative cytology at the time of surgery to determine tumour cell removal was demonstrated by the reduction in local tumour recurrence from 22 per cent to 8 per cent. The technique is, therefore, recommended for use in screening dogs for canine transmissible venereal tumour and in determining the extent of surgical removal. However, more work is needed to assess its applicability in practice by determining its sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of a positive and negative test answer.
Ciliary body haemangioma in a dog with secondary glaucoma
Authors: Read R. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of ciliary body haemangioma causing secondary glaucoma is described in an 11‐year‐ old English setter which presented with an acute history of ocular pain and an opaque cornea. Ultrasound was used to detect the tumour and a definitive diagnosis was made by histological examination after enucleation. Haemangioma in this location does not appear to have been previously reported in the dog.
Laryngeal paralysis in dogs: An evaluation of the bilateral arytenoid lateralisation procedure
Authors: Burbidge H. M. , Goulden B. E. , Jones B. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTWithin the past decade, the number of reported cases of laryngeal paralysis in dogs has increased markedly. The disease is characterised by laryngeal obstruction caused by the inadequate abduction and instability of the arytenoid cartilages, aryepiglottic folds and vocal cords. Therefore, surgery performed to alleviate the clinical signs should ideally aim to reduce the airway obstruction and to prevent dynamic collapse. This paper presents the effectiveness of bilateral arytenoid lateralisation in 19 dogs with bilateral laryngeal paralysis. The procedure was effective in alleviating the clinical signs of laryngeal obstruction in all 19 dogs, with most surviving for several years. Postoperative laryngoscopic observations showed that the arytenoid cartilages were held in a satisfactory abducted position. A comparison of PaO2 values before and after surgery demonstrated a significant (P 0·001) fall in the PaO2 measurement between the pre‐ and postoperative blood samples. Postoperative complications included suture prosthesis failure in two dogs and a single non‐fatal incident of aspiration pneumonia in two dogs.
Effects of combinations of medetomidine/pethidine when used for sedation and pre‐anaesthetic medication in dogs
Authors: Bartram D. H. , Young L. E. , Diamond M. J. , Gregg A. S. , Jones R. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMedetomidine, either 5, 10 or 20 (μg/kg, was administered together with pethidine, 2 mg/kg, by either the intramuscular or subcutaneous route to 88 dogs from a clinical population. Administration of all the drug combinations consistently produced profound sedation in the dogs, accompanied by dramatic reductions in heart rate. The degree of sedation was similar to that seen after 40 μg/kg medetomidine is administered on its own to dogs. Intramuscular administration produced more reliable sedation, but was associated with more pain than subcutaneous administration. In a number of dogs, sedation permitted the completion of various diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Several dogs were anaesthetised with thiopentone and the induction doses required were characteristically low (mean doses between 2 to 3·3 mg/kg depending on the dose of medetomidine and the route of administration). Administration of atipamezole at the termination of sedation or anaesthesia, produced a rapid and full recovery (mean time to standing between seven and 11 minutes).
Ascites and portal hypertension in three young dogs with non‐fibrosing liver disease
Authors: Hunt G. B. , Malik R. , Chapman B. L. , Lamb W. A. , Allan G. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThree young dogs were evaluated because of the sudden development of ascites. In each case ascites was referable to non‐fibrosing hepatic disease associated with portal hypertension. Obstruction to portal flow was pre‐sinusoidal in two cases and post sinusoidal in the other. In all cases ascites developed in the absence of severe hypoalbuminaemia. The ratio of the protein content of ascitic fluid in relation to the protein content of plasma proved useful in differentiating between pre‐ and post sinusoidal portal hypertension. All three animals died or were euthanased because of the sequelae of portal hypertension.
Mitral valve stenosis in three cats
Authors: Stamoulis M. E. , Fox P. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo‐dimensional and M‐mode echocardiography were used to diagnose mitral stenosis in two cats with heart failure. This appeared to be related to mitral valve complex malformation. Ultrasound findings included thickened mitral valve leaflets with inhibited mobility, reduced mitral valve orifice size, abnormal upward (cranial) motion of the caudal mitral leaflet during diastole and severe left atrial enlargement. Colour‐flow and spectral Doppler imaging helped characterise this condition. Colour‐flow Doppler mapping showed turbulence and increased mitral filling velocity (aliasing) at the site of stenosis and related jets of mitral regurgitation. Spectral Doppler recordings showed increased diastolic mitral filling velocities with spectral broadening and prolonged pressure half‐time. Mitral stenosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cats with severe left atrial enlargement when congenital or acquired mitral valve disease is detected; it may represent an advanced form of mitral valve complex malformation in some cases.
Unilateral exophthalmos and strabismus due to cranio‐mandibular osteopathy
Authors: Dennis R. , Barnett K. C. , Sansom J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA nine‐month‐old male West Highland white terrier puppy presented because of non‐painful exophthalmos and strabismus of the left eye. Ultrasonographic examination of the globe and retrobulbar space showed abnormal prominence of the dorsal and medial bony wall of the orbit resulting in compression of the retrobulbar structures and indentation of the globe. A similar but less dramatic finding was present in the clinically unaffected right eye. Radiographic examination demonstrated the presence of extensive, active new bone on the frontal and parietal bones, with almost total occlusion of the frontal sinuses. In view of the dog's breed and age a tentative diagnosis of craniomandibular osteopathy was made. Although the dog was clinically well at the time of the initial presentation he sub‐sequently suffered an acute episode of severe pain, pyrexia and depression with marked swelling of the periocular tissues and conjunctival oedema. This episode responded well to symptomatic treatment with corticosteroids and analgesics and the dog has continued to progress well with a reduction in the degree of deviation of the eye.
Bone plating to stabilize atlantoaxial subluxation in four dogs
Authors: Stead A. C. , Anderson A. A. , Coughlan A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour dogs with atlantoaxial subluxation were treated surgically via a ventral approach and the application of an ASIF mini H plate and 2·0 mm screws to the vertebral bodies. Three dogs recovered and are well but one dog died of a cardiac arrest postoperatively.
Use of a hospital database for the evaluation of clinical biochemistry results
Authors: Little C. , Gettinby G. , Irvine D. , Eckersall P. D. , Murray M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA database of the clinical chemistry results from unwell animals referred to Glasgow University Veterinary School, by general practitioners, was studied. This database contains over 60,000 records, from more than 25,000 animals, obtained over a period of 18 years. A four‐year period was selected during which the instruments and methods used for these analyses were unchanged. The biochemical analyses made on plasma from those dogs when first presented to the veterinary school were scrutinised in detail. These data have been summarised in a tabular form using the first, fifth, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 95th and 99th percentiles. The distributions of these values differ for different analytes and in particular do not conform to a normal curve. These data can be used to provide estimates of rarity to indicate the frequency with which extreme values associated with disease can be expected. Thus an individual datum can be flagged as high*, high**, high***, or high**** depending on whether it lies in the top 25 per cent, top 10 per cent, top 5 per cent or top 1 per cent, respectively, of cases in the hospital database. Low values can be flagged in the same way. This approach can complement the use of reference ranges from healthy animals to aid the interpretation of clinical biochemistry results from a new patient.
Tracheal adenocarcinoma in two domestic shorthaired cats
Authors: Evers P. , Sukhiani H. R. , Sumner‐Smith G. , Binnington A. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of primary endotracheal adenocarcinoma in two 12‐year‐old cats is reported. Dyspnoea was the most dominant clinical sign in both cases. The endotracheal masses were identified radiographically and removed via thoracotomy and tracheotomy in the first case and cervical tracheal resection and anastomosis in the second case. In both cases, the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma was confirmed histopathologically.
Two cases of hereditary quadriplegia and amblyopia in a litter of Irish setters
Authors: Sakai T. , Harashima T. , Yamamura H. , Nitaya R. , Ikeda T. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwo, one‐month‐old male Irish setters from the same litter showed incoordination, rotary nystagmus and motor and visual impairment. No abnormalities were found in either the blood, urine or cerebrospinal fluid. Radiographs of the head, chest and abdomen were normal. Histopathology revealed degeneration and necrosis of the granular layer and Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex. On electron microscopic examination, the granular cells showed dilated endoplasmic reticulum and vacuolated mitochondrial cristae. There was also serious destruction of Purkinje cells.
Treatment of canine aural haernatorna using an indwelling drain and corticosteroids
Authors: Joyce J. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAural haematomas were treated using a Pen‐rose tissue drain inserted through the haematoma and left in situ for two weeks. Oral prednisolone was prescribed at a dose of 2 mg/kg for two weeks then 1 mg/kg for a further two weeks. Twenty‐nine haematomas were treated in 22 dogs. Twenty‐six cases resolved after a single treatment. Three ears required a second treatment two to four weeks after the initial treatment and one dog had a postoperative infection of the drain tract. No ears required more than one repeated drainage. Good cosmetic results were achieved in all cases.
Modified lateral spinal decompression in 61 dogs with thoracolurnbar disc protrusion
Authors: Yovich J. C. , Read R. , Eger C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA modified lateral spinal decompression technique was performed in 61 dogs with thoracolumbar disc protrusion. Myelography combined with plain radiography and neurological examination determined the side of greatest compression in 93 per cent of the dogs. Disc material was retrieved in 98 per cent of the cases. Of the 35 non‐ambulatory dogs, 95 per cent regained the ability to walk. The recovery time was three weeks.
Preservation versus excision of the ileocolic junction during colectomy for megacolon: A study of 22 cats
Authors: Sweet D. C. , Hardie E. M. , Stone E. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFrom 1984 to 1991, 22 cats with megacolon underwent colectomy by end‐to‐end anastomosis of the distal colon to either the proximal colon (preserving the ileocolic junction in 14 cats) or to the distal small intestine (excising the ileocolic junction in eight cats). During the postoperative adaptive period, the two groups showed similar stool consistency, and the presence of either anorexia, lethargy, weight loss or diarrhoea with faecal incontinence. During the long term post‐operative adaptive period, no significant difference in recurrent constipation was found between the two groups. The overall constipation rate after colectomy was 45 per cent (10 cats), and because of constipation recurrence 18 per cent (four cats) were euthanased, and 18 per cent (four cats) required further surgery. Long term following colectomy, those cats which under‐went excision of the ileocolic junction had significantly looser stools than those cats in which the ileocolic junction was preserved. The preservation of the ileocolic junction during colectomy is therefore recommended.
Multifocal idiopathic pyogranulomatous bone disease in a dog
Authors: Canfield P. J. , Malik R. , Davis P. E. , Martin P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDisseminated, multifocal idiopathic pyogranulomatous bone disease in a five‐year‐old neutered female crossbred cattle dog is described. The dog was presented for neck pain and reluctance to exercise. Radiography demonstrated polyostotic bone disease, the predominant change consisting of a mottled pattern of osteosclerosis interspersed with punctate foci of osteolysis. Numerous bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton were affected including cervical vertebrae, ribs, scapulae and humeri. Biopsy revealed sterile pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis. This was confirmed at necropsy which showed that lesions were restricted to bone. Idiopathic granulomatous or pyogranulomatous conditions have been described in the dog in relation to skin but not bone. In people, idiopathic granulomatous bone disease is one of a group of conditions collectively called histiocytosis X, which are thought to be immunoregulatory disorders related to Tlymphocyte suppressor cell deficiency and Langerhans' cell proliferation.
Psychomotor epilepsy associated with metastatic thymoma in a dog
Authors: Sordé A. , Pumarola M. , Fondevila M. D. , Manteca X. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA seven‐year‐old female German shepherd dog was presented with a history of anorexia, weight loss and fever of three months' duration. On general examination she showed a marked behavioural change represented by episodic excitement and 'fly snapping. A general blood screening showed neutrophilia with left shift and hyperalbuminaemia. Survey radiographs were taken and a mass was identified in the cranial mediastinum. Cytological examination of fine needle aspiration smears of the mass yielded a presumptive diagnosis of lymphoma. The dog was euthanased and necropsy findings concluded that the primary tumour was a thymoma; metastases were found in the choroid plexus, leptomeninges, cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
Central core myopathy in a great dane
Authors: Targett M. P. , Franklin R. J. M. , Olby N. J. , Dyce J. , Anderson J. R. , Houlton J. E. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn eight‐month‐old female great dane was referred for investigation of exercise intolerance that had developed progressively over one month. Examination revealed poor muscle mass, elevated plasma levels of muscle‐associated enzymes and electromyographic abnormalities. The dog was euthanased at 15 months old because of severe exercise intolerance. Tissue obtained by biopsy and at post mortem examination revealed prominent well defined central core structures within most muscle fibres, but no other abnormalities. The condition was diagnosed as a central core myopathy.
Successful derotation of a splenic torsion in a racing greyhound
Authors: Goldsmid S. E. , Davis P. , Pechman R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA two‐year‐old male racing greyhound was presented to the Sydney University Veterinary Hospital with a six‐week history of intermittent gastric dilatation. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography were suggestive of splenic torsion without gastric dilatation. Exploratory ceoliotomy confirmed a 540° clockwise rotation of the spleen. Derotation of the spleen was performed and thrombosis was not present in the splenic vessels. Epinephrine was injected into the splenic parenchyma to aid in splenic contraction. The spleen was left in situ. The greyhound made an uneventful recovery and has won several races in the 10‐month follow‐up period without further problems.
Comparative efficacy of fenthion, dichlorvos/fenitrothion and permethrin against the flea, Ctenocephahdes felis, on the dog
Authors: Fisher M. A. , Hutchinson M. J. , Jacobs D. E. , Dick I. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn a series of three replicated and controlled trials, nine dogs artificially infected with Ctenocephalides felis were treated with a systemically active ‘spot‐on’ formulation of fenthion, six with a topical spray containing dichlorvos and fenitrothion and six with a surface active ‘spot‐on’ preparation containing permethrin, all at recommended dose rates. Good knockdown efficacy was apparent at eight hours with the dichlorvos/fenitrothion combination and at 24 hours with the other formulations. Efficacy values in excess of 95 per cent persisted for at least 22 days in the case of the systemic fenthion preparation and the permethrin product and eight days for the dichlorvos and fenitrothion combination. Twenty‐nine days after treatment there was still substantial protection in the fenthion‐ and permethrin‐treated animals, indicated by an 88 and a 77 per cent reduction in flea counts in the two groups, respectively.
Serological findings in cases of acute leptospirosis in the dog
Authors: Scanziani E. , Calcaterra S. , Tagliabue S. , Luini M. , Giusti A. M. , Tomba M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFourteen dogs which had died from acute leptospirosis, three dogs which survived an acute attack of leptospirosis and seven healthy dogs living in close contact with the animals which died were examined for the presence of lepto‐spiral antibodies by the microscopic agglutination test. Twelve dogs had titres of 1:3200 or greater. The predominant titre was directed against serovarbratislavain seven cases, serovargrippothyphosain two cases and both these serovars in two cases. In one case the predominant titre was directed against serovarsbratislava, grippothyphosa, copenhageni(serogroupicterohaemorrhagiae)andpomona.The present study and other recent reports suggest that the epidemiology of canine leptospirosis is changing with the emergence of serovars differing from those typically infecting dogs, namelycanicolaandicterohaemorrhagiae.
Acquired caudal vena cava occlusion and high protein ascites in a dog
Authors: Smith K. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHigh protein ascites developed following acquired obstruction of the vena cava in a dog. The cause of the obstruction was fibrosis associated with migration of a foreign body to the area. Diagnosis was made by venography and biochemical and cytological assessment of the ascitic fluid. The dog responded to surgical resection of the fibrous tissue and removal of the foreign body, a needle.
Serum total prostatic and non‐prostatic acid phosphatase in healthy dogs and in dogs with prostatic diseases
Authors: Corazza M. , Guidi G. , Romagnoli S. , Tognetti R. , Buonaccorsi A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTotal acid phosphatase (TAP), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and non‐prostatic acid phosphatase (NPAP) serum concentrations were determined using a spectrophotometric technique in 52 healthy dogs, 15 male dogs suffering from non‐prostatic diseases and in 19 dogs suffering from prostatic diseases (12 dogs with benign prostatic hypertrophy and seven dogs with prostatic adenocarcinoma). TAP, PAP and NPAP serum concentrations did not differ between normal male and normal female dogs. Dogs with prostatic adenocarcinoma had significantly higher TAP, PAP and NPAP serum concentrations than dogs with benign prostatic hypertrophy, normal dogs and dogs with non‐prostatic disease. The authors conclude that low serum concentrations of TAP and PAP do not rule out prostatic adenocarcinoma in the dog, but elevated concentrations can be useful criteria for the diagnosis of canine prostatic cancer.