bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical interaction of a projectile body with a bore walls of an electromagnetic accelerator. Numerical solution
Authors: Plekhanov Alexander Valentinovich , Ryzhov Sergey Yurievich 
Published: April 2024

The vibration of the accelerator rails under the action of electromagnetic forces, the right boundary of which is moving along with the armature along the barrel bore, is considered. The rail accelerator is simply considered as a Bernoulli-Euler beam of finite length, lying on a viscoelastic foundation, with cantilever support from the side of the accelerator breech. The rail vibration is described by a differential equation in partial derivatives of the fourth order in coordinate and the second order in time. The equation is solved numerically by combined method: finite differences in time and finite elements in coordinate. A comparison of the results of numerical calculations with an analytical solution showed that the developed code evaluates the behavior of the rail well under the influence of an EM load moving along its length along the entire trajectory of the accelerated body.	Using the developed code, the influence of the current profile in the accelerator circuit and the foundation parameters on the dynamics of bending waves arising and propagating in the rail, the position and magnitude of the maximum rail deflection was studied. It is shown that it is possible to select a current profile that minimizes the rail accelerator deflection during acceleration. It is also found that the choice of the optimal current profile has no less effect on the maximum rail deflection than improving the parameters of the accelerator foundation. The calculation results may be useful in the design of an electromagnetic rail accelerator.
Nodulina kuhnti n. Sp. and nodulina eugubina n. Sp., New Agglutinated Foraminifera from the Lower Paleocene of the Scaglia Rossa, Umbria–Marche Basin, Italy
Authors: Hikmahtiar Syouma , Kaminski Michael A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper describes two Paleogene deep-water agglutinated foraminiferal species from the Contessa Highway Section of the Umbria–Marche Basin, Italy. The foraminiferal assemblages in the lowermost Paleogene are dominated by opportunistic species belonging to the Reophax group. Previous studies of the agglutinated foraminifera from the Scaglia Rossa Formation have reported hormosinids (Reophax spp.) mostly using open nomenclature. To facilitate the proper species assignment according to accurate species descriptions, we describe the new species Nodulina kuhnti n. sp. and Nodulina eugubina n. sp. Both species are characterized by their more or less straight elongated tests with horizontal sutures, and therefore are best assigned to the genus Nodulina. They constitute a significant component of the benthic foraminiferal assemblage in the stratigraphic interval above the K/Pg boundary.
Improved Flow Material Balance Equation for Dynamic Reserve Calculation Considering Variable Gas Drainage Radius in Shale Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Qiu Tingting , Wei Yunsheng , Yan Haijun , Cheng Minhua , Liu Pengcheng 
Published: April 2024

Summary
Based on the nonlinear relationship between the cumulative gas production and the total pressure difference, a segmental material balance equation was applied, and an improved flow material balance (FMB) equation was proposed to calculate the dynamic reserves of shale gas reservoirs with a variable gas drainage radius. In the early stage, the shale gas well drainage radius gradually increased. The spread range of the formation pressure increased, but fractures gradually closed because of the enhancement of the effective stress. This resulted in stress sensitivity. In the middle to late stages, the gas drainage radius can be regarded as unchanged. The rate of increase in the pressure spreading range decreased, and the rate of decrease in the fracture closure decreased. The stress sensitivity can be ignored. To explain these phenomena, a segmental material balance equation was established. Furthermore, an improved FMB equation was obtained based on the productivity equation using the potential superposition theorem, and the drainage radius of horizontal wells was regarded as a variable for the last dynamic reserve calculation. Finally, the dynamic reserves of four shale gas wells were calculated. The comparison indicated that the proposed improved equation predictions agreed more closely with actual development experience than the conventional models based on the dynamic recovery rate calculation and the correlation coefficient obtained by data fitting. The proposed method improves the dynamic reserve calculations and contributes to well productivity evaluation.
Faces and bodies in person perception
Authors: Forner Katelyn , Tanaka James W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
When we see a person approaching us on the street, can we attend to their face independently of the body and conversely, can we attend to their body, independently of their face? Or, is face and body information combined to form a whole person percept? To test these questions, we constructed a whole-person composite stimulus by aligning or misaligning the face from one person with the body from another. Pairs of aligned or misaligned face-body composites were presented sequentially to participants in a “same/different” task and discrimination difficulty was parametrically manipulated via a morphing procedure. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to judge the identity of the face and ignore the body. In Experiment 2, participants were asked to judge the identity of the body and ignore the face. In both experiments, we found a congruency effect where “same/different” discriminations to the cued portion (Experiment 1: face; Experiment 2: body) were influenced by information in the to-be-ignored uncued portion. The magnitude of the congruency effect increased as the discrimination decisions became more difficult. Critically, spatial alignment between the face and body did not affect the congruency effect; indicating that the integration of face and body information occurs at the decisional stage of processing rather than at the perceptual holistic encoding stage. Together, our results indicate that it is difficult to selectively attend to just the face or the body in person perception.
RETRACTED: GIPC1 remodels lipid metabolism by transporting DECR1 into mitochondria against ferroptosis during dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Authors: Liu Yu , Yang Baofeng , Zhao Dan , Tang Nannan , Li Shuijie , Liang Haihai , Huang Di , Han Yanna , Chen Yuqing , Li Xiang , Mu Ruxue , Sun Yilin , Zhang Zifeng , Zuo Jinlu , Wang He , Wu Jiaying , Zhang Jie , Qu Yang , Liu Jin-Ping , Wang Ning , Bai Yunlong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested the removal of their preprint from Research Square, due to current circumstances that make preprinting challenging at this time. The author's request does not imply errors or misconduct.
Multifunctional Probiotic and Safety Attributes Heyndrickxia coagulans Isolated from Stingless Bee Honey
Authors: Prakit Benyapa , Chaiyod Rungravee , Khongkool Kittiya , Chanasit Wankuson , Lertworapreecha Monthon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Heyndrickxia coagulans, recognized for its probiotic attributes and resilience as an endospore-forming bacterium, is increasingly studied for health supplement applications. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic potential and safety of novel H. coagulansstrains isolated from stingless bee honey, a new source for this bacterium, and to characterize their multifunctional probiotic properties.
Results We isolated two novel H. coagulansstrains, TBRC-18260 and TBRC-18261, and conducted comprehensive in vitroanalyses to assess their probiotic traits such as acid and bile salt tolerance, self-aggregation, and pathogen inhibition. The strains were also evaluated for safety through antibiotic susceptibility testing and hemolytic activity. Functional properties, including GABA production, antioxidant activity, were examined to establish their potential as probiotics. TBRC-18260 and TBRC-18261 exhibited core probiotic characteristics and showed excellent survivability under acidic conditions and in the presence of bile salts. They displayed strong antimicrobial activity against various pathogens and demonstrated significant GABA production and antioxidant capabilities. The safety assessments confirmed their non-hemolytic nature and susceptibility to a wide range of antibiotics.
Conclusion The novel H. coagulans strains TBRC-18260 and TBRC-18261, with their robust probiotic properties, antioxidant activities, and safety profiles, emerged as promising candidates for the development of functional foods and dietary supplements. This study enhances the biodiversity of available probiotics and supports the continuous search for novel strains with unique health-promoting characteristics.
Unleashing Academic Excellence: Innovative Continuous Evaluation Strategies for Programming-Intensive Courses
Authors: Revar Ashish , Wandra Kalpesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The study focuses on the process of continuous assessment which occurs in classes which are involving program- ming. It focuses on the ability of various continuous and varied assessment tools to enhance active learning, teamwork, and outcome-based education (OBE). The selection from a variety, the mix, of different assessment methodologies like scenario- based mid-term exams and teamwork group assignments were knowingly and carefully applied. The study underscores the effect of various assessment techniques to promote active learning, and collaboration, and the objectives of OBE stimulated by the principles of the National Education Policy of India. This paper shows how the assessment strategies bolster an agile, learner- centered education process, leading to a deeper understanding of programming concepts.
Long-term Persistent Hypertension after Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Resection: A Multi-Center Study
Authors: Jiang Xingzuo , Guo Nan , Wang Chengyuan , Zhang Hao , Bai Song , Liu Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are considered a curable cause of secondary hypertension. However, some studies identified a considerable ratio of patients still experience persistent hypertension even after successful resection of PPGL. No study further discussed the incidence and risk factors of long-term persistent hypertension.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 472 PPGL patients who underwent surgical resection at three centers from January 1, 2012, to October 31, 2022. Comprehensive clinical data were recorded. Binary unconditional logistic analysis was conducted to identify the independent variables associated with long-term persistent hypertension.
Results: A total of 26.3% of PPGL patients experienced long-term persistent hypertension. After multivariate analysis, we identified older age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.021, P= 0.008), higher body mass index (BMI, OR: 1.088, P=0.004), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, OR: 3.506, P= 0.006), and experienced intraoperative hemodynamic instability (HDI, OR: 2.053, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for long-term persistent hypertension in PPGL patients.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that nearly a quarter of PPGL patients still suffer from persistent hypertension after successful resection and identified several risk factors, such as older age, higher BMI, lower LVEF, and experienced HDI. These results might contribute to improving long-term follow-up strategies.
A first comprehensive analysis of Transcribed Ultra Conserved Regions uncovers important regulatory functions of novel non-coding transcripts in gliomas.
Authors: Abounader Roger , Gibert Myron , Zhang Ying , Saha Shekhar , Marcinkiewicz Pawel , Dube Collin , Hudson Kadie , Sun Yunan , Bednarek Sylwia , Chagari Bilhan , Sarkar Aditya , Roig-Laboy Christian , Neace Natalie , Saoud Karim , Setiady Initha , Hanif Farina , Schiff David , Kumar Pankaj , KEFAS BENJAMIN , Hafner Markus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Transcribed Ultra-Conserved Regions (TUCRs) represent a severely understudied class of putative non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are 100% conserved across multiple species. We performed the first-ever analysis of TUCRs in glioblastoma (GBM) and low-grade gliomas (LGG). We leveraged large human datasets to identify the genomic locations, chromatin accessibility, transcription, differential expression, correlation with survival, and predicted functions of all 481 TUCRs, and identified TUCRs that are relevant to glioma biology. Of these, we investigated the expression, function, and mechanism of action of the most highly upregulated intergenic TUCR, uc.110, identifying it as a new oncogene. Uc.110 was highly overexpressed in GBM and LGG, where it promoted malignancy and tumor growth. Uc.110 activated the WNT pathway by upregulating the expression of membrane frizzled-related protein (MFRP), by sponging the tumor suppressor microRNA miR-544. This pioneering study shows important roles for TUCRs in gliomas and provides an extensive database and novel methods for future TUCR research.
Gender Differences in Ethmoid Sinus Morphology
Authors: Hsu Chi-Pin , Lin Chih-Feng , Yang Chih-Chi , Jeng Jeng-Ywan , Huang Chang-Hung 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background The ethmoid sinus (ES) is a three-dimensional (3D) complex structure, a clear understanding of the ES anatomy is helpful to plan intranasal surgery. However, most prior studies use 2D measurements, which may not accurately depict the 3D structure. The current study measured the gender differences in ES morphology based on 3D reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images.
Methods The 3D models were reconstructed using CT images. Twenty-one males and 15 females were enrolled in the study. The ES dimensions, including width, height and aspect ratio (AR) of each cutting-plane section, were measured at 10% increments along with the anteroposterior axis of the ES. The gender differences in the above parameters were further evaluated by an independent t-test.
Results The width of the ES for males is 12.0±2.1mm, which was significantly greater than that in females (10.0±2.1 mm). The average height for males is 18.4±3.5mm, and 18.2±3.4mm for females. The AR of female (male) is around 0.56 (0.63) for the anterior ES and 0.66 (0.75) for the posterior. There are significant differences between genders in the parameters of width and AR (p<0.05)
Conclusion This study found that the AR greatly varies along the length of ES, indicating that the cross-section of the ES in the anterior is closer to an elliptical shape and turns closer to a circular shape near its posterior. There is a significant difference between genders in width and AR. The results would be helpful to know the complex anatomic details of the ethmoid sinus.
Speciation across depth gradients in reef corals
Authors: Prada Carlos , Gómez-Corrales Matías , González Ana , Kamel Bishoy , Medina Mónica , Knowlton Nancy , Levitan Don 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ecological speciation through adaptation to different habitats has been proposed for a variety of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine species. Such divergence of lineages in the absence of strong geographic isolation occurs most readily when the same traits are involved in both adaptation to different ecologies and reproductive isolation. In corals with photosynthetic symbionts and environment-mediated spawning events, adaptation to different light regimes associated with varying depths could provide opportunities for this kind of speciation. Here we show that differences in depth distribution are common in sister lineages of corals from a variety of taxonomic groups and locations. We then explore in detail the molecular drivers behind depth-associated adaptive divergence by documenting patterns of sequence divergence for proteins related to environmental sensing in depth-segregated and light-dependent lineages in the Orbicella species complex. Specifically, we analyzed 1) two ecotypes of Orbicella faveolata that exhibit genetic divergence across a depth gradient that may reflect an incipient recent (~200 Kyr; < 6K generations) speciation event, and 2) two depth-segregated sister species (~500 Kyr), O. annularis and O. franksi, that have been monitored for over two decades and spawn at different times following sunset. Genome-wide variation suggests divergence across depth occurred by adaptation via positive selection on rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These molecules are known to serve as chemo/photo/thermo-receptors mediating environmental transduction signals to enhance physiological adaptation across different environments, while also involved in reproductive isolation via differences in time of spawning in corals. Our study posits a molecular mechanism for the origin of depth-segregated coral species, common across the anthozoan tree of life, in systems in which ecological divergence operates at spatial scales smaller (< 1 km) than their larval dispersal potential, and highlights avenues contributing to generating biodiversity in the sea.
Conditional disruption of Nr5a1 directed by Sox9-Cre impairs adrenal development
Authors: Tagami Ayako , Ikeda Yayoi , Ishizuka Kyoko , Maekawa Mamiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of Sox9-Cre-directed Nr5a1-conditional knockout (Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox) on adrenal development. We showed that SOX9 is expressed by adrenocortical cells at E10.5–E11.5, but is extinguished no later than E12.5. The number of adrenocortical cells significantly reduced in Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox mice while the number of cleaved caspase 3-positive cells increased compared to that in the controls at E11.5–E12.5, when the adrenal primordium (AP) is about to expand. This indicated that fetal adrenocortical cells are lost via apoptosis due to Nr5a1 ablation by E12.5. Both medulla formation and encapsulation were perturbed, accompanied by a smaller AP size, in Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox mice during embryonic development. Adult Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox adrenals were hypoplastic and exhibited irregular organization of the medulla with aberrant sex differentiation in the X zone. Additionally, there were histologically eosin-negative vacuolated cells, which were negative for both the X-zone marker 20aHSD and the steroidogenesis marker 3βHSD at the innermost cortex of Sox9-Cre;Nr5a1flox/flox adrenals. Although Nr5a1+/− adrenals were hypoplastic, a small number of chromaffin cells were properly located in the center, having normal sex differences in the X-zone. The results collectively provided in-vivo evidence that Nr5a1 plays a critical role in AP expansion and subsequent adrenal development.
Upper Airway Changes After Orthognathic Surgery in Patients with Skeletal Class Ⅲ High-angle Malocclusion and Mandibular Deviation
Authors: Mei Donglan , Liu Linan , Han Lichi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study analyzed the differences in the upper airway of patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion with and without mandibular deviation, and further investigated the effects of orthognathic surgery on the upper airway in these two groups.
Material and Methods 15 patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion and mandibular deviation, and 15 patients without mandibular deviation were selected to explore the impact of mandibular deviation on the upper airway. Additionally, 16 patients with mandibular deviation undergoing orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment, and 13 patients without mandibular deviation, were selected to investigate the effects of orthognathic surgery on the upper airway in these two groups.
ResultsIn patients with skeletal Class III high-anglemalocclusion, the mandibular deviation group showed significantly smaller sagittal diameter/maximum transverse diameter, cross-sectional area, volumes of oropharynx and hypopharynx, and total volume compared to the non-deviation group, with all differences being statistically significant. After orthognathic surgery, the postoperative sagittal diameter/maximum transverse diameter of the oropharyngeal airway increased in the mandibular deviation group, while it decreased in the non-deviation group. The postoperative reductions in cross-sectional area, volumes, and total volume of the oropharynx and hypopharynx were more pronounced in the non-deviation group.
ConclusionIn patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion, mandibular deviation results in narrowing of the lower portion of the upper airway. The orthognathic surgical correction of mandibular deviation compensates to some extent for the reduction in the cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway caused by the surgery itself.
Clinical relevance For patients with skeletal Class III high-angle malocclusion with mandibular deviation, the upper airway space should be assessed before orthognathic surgery, and appropriate treatment plans should be developed based on the assessment results to achieve a balance between aesthetics and function.
Metasurface-Based Circularly Polarized Slot Antenna for X-band Applications
Authors: Majeed Abdul , Zhang Jinling , Khan Hamza Asif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Circularly polarized slot antennas are now widely used in wireless systems due to their low profile, ease of integration, low cost, and high impedance bandwidth. A low-profile circularly polarized slot antenna with high impedance, wide axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW), and high gain in the X-band is proposed in this work. The antenna structure consists of 11 rectangular patch elements, a microstrip-fed line, a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with vias, and a rectangular etched slot on the ground plane. The fed line is coupled with the metasurface (MTS) to generate CP radiations. The proposed antenna array was designed and measured with an overall size of 0.4λ 0 × 0.4λ 0 × 0.12λ 0 at 10 GHz. The measured reflection coefficient (|S 11 | ≤ −10dB) yielded an ARBW of 10.62-11.87 GHz (11.12%) and an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 8.92-10.52 GHz (16.01%). Moreover, the proposed MTS-based antenna array also realizes a broadside maximum gain of 5.85 dBic. The proposed antenna is designed to be high-performing, simple, low-profile, and easy to design.
Concave surface-enriched reactant and enhanced mass transfer for electrocatalytic ethylene production from low-concentrated acetylene
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Li , Chen Fanpeng , Cheng Chuanqi , Yu Yifu , Zhao Bo-Hang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Electrocatalytic semihydrogenation of acetylene (C2H2) provides a facile and petroleum-independent strategy for ethylene (C2H4) production. However, the reliance on the preseparation and concentration of raw coal-derived C2H2 hinders its economic potential. Here, density functional theory calculations demonstrate that a concave surface is beneficial for enriching C2H2 and optimizing its mass transfer kinetics, thus leading to a high partial pressure of C2H2 around active sites, which is suitable for the direct conversion of raw coal-derived C2H2. Then, a porous concave carbon-supported Cu nanoparticle (Cu-PCC) electrode was designed to enrich the C2H2 gas around the Cu sites. As a result, the as-prepared electrode enables a 91.7% C2H4 Faradaic efficiency and a 56.31% C2H2 single-pass conversion under a simulated raw coal-derived C2H2 atmosphere (~ 15%) at a partial current density of 0.42 A cm− 2, greatly outperforming its counterpart without concave surface supports. The strengthened intermolecular π conjugation caused by the increased C2H2 coverage is revealed to result in the delocalization of π electrons in C2H2, consequently promoting C2H2 activation, suppressing HER competition, and enhancing C2H4 selectivity.