bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI KINERJA PELAYANAN PEGAWAI PERPUSTAKAAN DI KANTOR DINAS KEARSIPAN DAN PERPUSTAKAAN PROVINSI GORONTALO
Authors: Manangin Yulmi 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis & mendeskripsikan kinerja pegawai dalam pelayanan perpustakaan di Kantor Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Provinsi Gorontalo dikaji dari perspektif produktivitas, kualitas layanan, responsifitas, responsibilitas, dan akuntabilitas. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil temuan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja pegawai dalam pelayanan perpustakaan di Kantor Dinas Kearsipan dan Perpustakaan Provinsi Gorontalo ditinjau dari indikator kualitas layanan dan responsibilitasnya telah berjalan dengan optimal secara menyeluruh. Meskipun demikian, kinerja pegawai ditinjau dari perspektif indikator produktivitas terdapat kekurangan dalam jumlah personil pegawai, alokasi anggaran yang terbatas, dan ketersediaan koleksi buku yang tidak mencukupi standar yang ditetapkan mengakibatkan produktivitas pegawai yang kurang efektif. Indikator responsivitas menunjukkan bahwa beberapa pegawai masih kurang responsif terhadap kebutuhan pengunjung, sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan dengan maksimal. Sementara indikator akuntabilitas menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua pegawai di bidang yang sama memiliki kompetensi dalam memberikan layanan informasi dan bimbingan pemustaka kepada pengunjung, menyebabkan ketidaksempurnaan dalam kedua layanan tersebut.
Children’s learning for sustainability in social studies education: a case study from Taiwanese elementary school
Authors: Shih Yi-Huang 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe primary aim of social studies education is to convey knowledge about cultural and social systems while fostering inquiry, participation, practice, reflection, and innovation. Social studies education plays a pivotal role in raising awareness about various ethnic groups, societies, localities, countries, and the world at large. Furthermore, it instills in students a sense of responsibility, leading them to embrace diversity, value human rights, and promote global sustainability. The current elementary social studies curriculum in Taiwan strongly aligns with these principles and is a vehicle for sustainable development in society.MethodsThe researcher used qualitative research methods and adopted a case study design to review the pedagogical design of the elementary social studies curriculum in Taiwan as a means of sustainability education and enriching children’s cultural learning in the context of sustainability. Children’s learning related to sustainability in an elementary school was investigated, and a social studies teaching design was developed. Finally, the developed teaching approach was implemented in a classroom setting.Results and discussionThe study yielded the following findings: (1) The social studies curriculum development in Taiwan is connected to the pulse of life, a sense of care for local communities, and cultivation of local thinking. (2) This social studies curriculum adopts a child-centered and problem-oriented approach and integrates students’ interests and the local environment into the learning process. (3) It effectively enhances students’ sustainability-related competencies and skills. These findings offer valuable insights for teachers and can enable them to shape the direction of their social studies courses and cultivate children’s concept of sustainable development for their living environment.
Self-sufficient primary natural killer cells engineered to express T cell receptors and interleukin-15 exhibit improved effector function and persistence
Authors: van Hees Els P. , Morton Laura T. , Remst Dennis F. G. , Wouters Anne K. , Van den Eynde Astrid , Falkenburg J. H. Frederik , Heemskerk Mirjam H.M. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundNK cells can be genetically engineered to express a transgenic T-cell receptor (TCR). This approach offers an alternative strategy to target heterogenous tumors, as NK:TCR cells can eradicate both tumor cells with high expression of HLA class I and antigen of interest or HLA class I negative tumors. Expansion and survival of NK cells relies on the presence of IL-15. Therefore, autonomous production of IL-15 by NK:TCR cells might improve functional persistence of NK cells. Here we present an optimized NK:TCR product harnessed with a construct encoding for soluble IL-15 (NK:TCR/IL-15), to support their proliferation, persistence and cytotoxic capabilities.MethodsExpression of tumor-specific TCRs in peripheral blood derived NK-cells was achieved following retroviral transduction. NK:TCR/IL-15 cells were compared with NK:TCR cells for autonomous cytokine production, proliferation and survival. NK:BOB1-TCR/IL-15 cells, expressing a HLA-B*07:02-restricted TCR against BOB1, a B-cell lineage specific transcription factor highly expressed in all B-cell malignancies, were compared with control NK:BOB1-TCR and NK:CMV-TCR/IL-15 cells for effector function against TCR antigen positive malignant B-cell lines in vitro and in vivo.ResultsViral incorporation of the interleukin-15 gene into engineered NK:TCR cells was feasible and high expression of the TCR was maintained, resulting in pure NK:TCR/IL-15 cell products generated from peripheral blood of multiple donors. Self-sufficient secretion of IL-15 by NK:TCR cells enables engineered NK cells to proliferate in vitro without addition of extra cytokines. NK:TCR/IL-15 demonstrated a marked enhancement of TCR-mediated cytotoxicity as well as enhanced NK-mediated cytotoxicity resulting in improved persistence and performance of NK:BOB1-TCR/IL-15 cells in an orthotopic multiple myeloma mouse model. However, in contrast to prolonged anti-tumor reactivity by NK:BOB1-TCR/IL-15, we observed in one of the experiments an accumulation of NK:BOB1-TCR/IL-15 cells in several organs of treated mice, leading to unexpected death 30 days post-NK infusion.ConclusionThis study showed that NK:TCR/IL-15 cells secrete low levels of IL-15 and can proliferate in an environment lacking cytokines. Repeated in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the effectiveness and target specificity of our product, in which addition of IL-15 supports TCR- and NK-mediated cytotoxicity.
Experimental investigation of tungsten–nickel–iron alloy, W95Ni3.5Fe1.5, compared to copper monolithic bullets
Authors: Abhishek T. , Sundeep Dola , Chandrasekhara Sastry C. , Eswaramoorthy K. V. , Kesireddy Gagan Chaitanya , Siva Reddy Bobbili Veera , Verma Rakesh Kumar , Salunkhe Sachin , Cep Robert , Abouel Nasr Emad 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:The demand for improved small arms ammunition has led to exploring advanced materials and manufacturing techniques. This research investigates the machining characteristics of CM and WNF alloy bullets, aiming to enhance ballistic performance and durability.Methods:Bullet profile-making trials were conducted to evaluate the impact of machining parameters such as cutting speed and feed. The study also considered variables including surface roughness, cutting temperature, and hardness, alongside a detailed morphological analysis, The evaluation utilized an orthogonal array and MCDM approach, incorporating the TOPSIS method for decision-making processes.Results:The findings reveal that WNF alloy bullets exhibit 3.01% to 27.95% lower machining temperatures, 24.88%-61.85% reduced surface roughness, and 19.45%-34% higher microhardness compared to CM bullets. Moreover, CM bullets demonstrated higher machining temperatures, resulting in 47.53% increased tool flank wear. WNF bullets showed a 24.89% reduction in crater wear and a 38.23% decrease in compressive residual stress in bullet profiles, indicating superior machining performance.Discussion:The superior machining performance of WNF alloy bullets suggests their potential to improve the ballistic performance and durability of small arms ammunition. The reduced tool wear and favorable machining parameters highlight WNF alloy's advantages for military and defense applications. A ballistic impact analysis using a finite element method (FEM) model in Abaqus software further supports the potential of WNF alloy bullets, providing a solid foundation for future advancements in bullet manufacturing technologies.
Efficacy and safety of the Ayurvedic herbal preparation Maharishi Amrit Kalash: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Koch Anna K. , Patel Manish , Gupta Shivenarain , Wullenkord Ricarda , Jeitler Michael , Kessler Christian S. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMaharishi Amrit Kalash (MAK) 4 and 5 are Ayurvedic herbal nutritional supplements that are believed to have beneficial effects on overall health and wellbeing. This study aimed to systematically review all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the clinical effects and safety of MAK.MethodsWe included RCTs on therapy, health promotion, and prevention for patients and healthy volunteers of all ages. We systematically searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE (via Ovid), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), DHARA, Clinicaltrials.gov, the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Google Scholar from inception through 7 May 2023, with no time or language restrictions. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool version 1. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO before conducting the review (CRD42023421655).ResultsThree RCTs with 418 study participants were included. Two studies were on breast cancer patients and one on healthy adults. The two studies on cancer evaluated the efficacy of MAK in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. The study on healthy adults evaluated whether MAK has an effect on an age-related alertness task as an indicator of cognitive aging. Both studies on breast cancer patients found beneficial effects on performance status, anorexia, vomiting, and body weight. One study reported positive effects regarding stomatitis. Regarding visual alertness, results showed that individuals who received MAK improved in performance. None of the three included studies reported adverse events. The risk of bias was mixed. Due to the small number and heterogeneity of the RCTs, no meta-analysis could be performed.ConclusionThere is evidence that MAK may have supportive effects in chemotherapeutic treatments for breast cancer patients and for healthy individuals regarding visual discrimination. However, it is difficult to verify treatment effects due to the small number of RCTs and the mixed risk of bias. Furthermore, none of the included studies recorded adverse events. Therefore, further high-quality studies are warranted to confirm the potential health benefits of MAK and to determine its optimal dosage and duration of use.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42023421655.
Diagnostic performance of rapid antigen testing for SARS-CoV-2: the COVid-19 AntiGen (COVAG) extension study
Authors: Wertenauer Christoph , Dressel Alexander , Wieland Eberhard , Wertenauer Hans-Jörg , Braitmaier Helmine , Straub Anna , Helfert Stefan , Lützner Nicolas , März Winfried 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThis study is the extension of the COVAG study. We compared two RATs, the Panbio COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test (Abbott) and the SD Biosensor Q SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test (Roche), against RT-PCR on the foil of new variants.MethodsWe included 888 all-comers at a diagnostic center between October 20, 2021, and March 18, 2022. RT-PCR-positive samples with a Ct value ≤32 were examined for SARS-CoV-2 variants.FindingsThe sensitivity of the Abbott-RAT and Roche-RAT were 65 and 67%, respectively. For both RATs, lower Ct values were significantly correlated with higher sensitivity. For samples with Ct values ≤25, the sensitivities of the Roche-RAT and of the Abbott-RAT were 96 and 95%, for Ct values 25–30 both were 19%, and for Ct values ≥30 they were 6 and 2%, respectively. The RATs had substantially higher sensitivities in symptomatic than asymptomatic participants (76, 77%, vs. 29, 31%, for Abbott-RAT, Roche-RAT, respectively) and in participants referred to testing by their primary care physician (84, 85%) compared to participants who sought testing due to referral by the health department (55, 58%) or a warning by the Corona-Warn-App (49, 49%). In persons with self-reported previous COVID-19 sensitivities were markedly lower than in patients without previous COVID-19: 27% vs. 75% for Roche-RAT and 27% vs. 73% for Abbott-RAT. We did not find significant correlation between vaccination status and sensitivity. The Omicron variant was detected with a sensitivity of 94 and 92%, the delta variant with a sensitivity of 80 and 80% for Abbott-RAT and Roche-RAT, respectively. This difference is attributable to the lower Ct values of the Omicron samples compared to the Delta samples. When adjusted for the Ct value, a multivariate logistic regression did not show a significant difference between Omicron and Delta. In terms of sensitivity, we found no significant difference between the wild-type and the Omicron and Delta variants, but a significantly lower sensitivity to the alpha variant compared to the other variants.The specificities were &gt; 99% overall.
Endocrine system-related adverse events associated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: data mining from the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Shi Hongxia , He Yunhua , Dan Siyuan , Yang Lin , Wang Jing , Chen Li , Chen Zelian 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundVarious immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have been approved for use, but they have side effects on the endocrine glands.MethodsAdverse event reports related to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from the first quarter of 2019 to the first quarter of 2023 were extracted, and the reported Odds ratio methods (ROR method) and comprehensive standard methods (MHRA methods) were used for data mining and analysis.ResultsA total of 5,322 reports (accounts for 6.68% of the total reports)of AEs in endocrine system were collected, including 1852 of pabolizumab (34.80%), 2,326 of navuliumab (43.71%), 54 of cimipriliumab (1.01%), 800 of atilizumab (15.03%), 222 of duvariumab (4.17%) and 68 of averumab (1.28%). Endocrine system-related AEs were mainly present in men (excluding those treated with pembrolizumab) aged ≥65 years. The ratio of AEs components in the endocrine system for the six drugs was approximately 3–8%. The main endocrine glands involved in AEs were the thyroid (pembrolizumab), pituitary and adrenal (nivolumab), adrenal (cemiplimab, atezolizumab, and avelumab), and thyroid (durvalumab). Most patients experienced AEs between 30 and 365 (mean, 117) days,the median time was 61d. AEs resulted in prolonged hospitalization in &gt;40% and death in &gt;10% of cases after administration of pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or durvalumab.ConclusionMen aged ≥65 years should be concerned about endocrine-related AEs. There was a lengthy interval between the use of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and endocrine system-related AEs, but the outcome was serious. Special attention should be given to endocrine system-related AEs when using pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or durvalumab.
To analyze the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites and migraine: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qu Kang , Li Ming-Xi , Gan Lin , Cui Zi-Ting , Li Jia-Jia , Yang Rong , Dong Ming 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIt has been suggested in several observational studies that migraines are associated with the gut microbiota. It remains unclear, however, how the gut microbiota and migraines are causally related.MethodsWe performed a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for the gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium (n = 18,340) and the Dutch Microbiota Project (n = 7,738). Pooled GWAS data for plasma metabolites were obtained from four different human metabolomics studies. GWAS summary data for migraine (cases = 48,975; controls = 450,381) were sourced from the International Headache Genetics Consortium. We used inverse-variance weighting as the primary analysis. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of the estimated results. We also conducted reverse mendelian randomization when a causal relationship between exposure and migraine was found.ResultsLachnospiraceaeUCG001 (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.20) was a risk factor for migraine. Blautia (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99), Eubacterium (nodatum group; OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90–0.98), and Bacteroides fragilis (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94–1.00) may have a suggestive association with a lower migraine risk. Functional pathways of methionine synthesis (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83–0.95) associated with microbiota abundance and plasma hydrocinnamate (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–1.00), which are downstream metabolites of Blautia and Bacteroides fragilis, respectively, may also be associated with lower migraine risk. No causal association between migraine and the gut microbiota or metabolites was found in reverse mendelian randomization analysis. Both significant horizontal pleiotropy and significant heterogeneity were not clearly identified.ConclusionThis Mendelian randomization analysis showed that LachnospiraceaeUCG001 was associated with an increased risk of migraine, while some bacteria in the gut microbiota may reduce migraine risk. These findings provide a reference for a deeper comprehension of the role of the gut–brain axis in migraine as well as possible targets for treatment interventions.
Establishment and application of a TaqMan-based multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of three porcine diarrhea viruses
Authors: Ren Jing , Zu Congcong , Li Yang , Li Meng , Gu Jinyuan , Chen Fengling , Li Xiaowen 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionPorcine viral diarrhea is a common clinical disease, which results in high mortality and economic losses in the pig industry. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine rotavirus (PoRV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) are important diarrhea viruses in pig herds. The similarities of their clinical symptoms and pathological changes make it difficult to distinguish these three viruses clinically. Therefore, there is a need for a highly sensitive and specific method to simultaneously detect and differentiate these viruses.MethodsA multiplex real-time PCR assay using TaqMan probes was developed to simultaneously detect PEDV, PoRV, and PDCoV. To assess the efficacy of the established assay, 30 clinical samples with diarrhea symptoms were used to compare the results obtained from the multiplex real-time PCR assay with those obtained from commercial singleplex real-time PCR kit. Importantly, a total of 4,800 diarrhea samples were tested and analyzed to validate the utility of the assay.ResultsThis multiplex real-time PCR assay showed high sensitivity, specificity, and excellent repeatability with a detection limit of 1 × 102 copies/μL. Comparing the results of the commercial singleplex real-time PCR kit and the multiplex real-time PCR method for detecting PEDV, PoRV, and PDCoV, there was complete agreement between the two approaches. Clinical data revealed single infection rates of 6.56% for PEDV, 21.69% for PoRV, and 6.65% for PDCoV. The co-infection rates were 11.83% for PEDV + PoRV, 0.29% for PEDV + PDCoV, 5.71% for PoRV + PDCoV, and 1.29% for PEDV + PDCoV + PoRV, respectively.DiscussionThe multiplex real-time PCR method established in this study is a valuable diagnostic tool for simultaneously differentiating PEDV, PoRV, and PDCoV. This method is expected to significantly contribute to prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases, as well as aid in conducting epidemiological investigations.
Statistical optimization for greener synthesis of multi-efficient silver nanoparticles from the Hypocrea lixii GGRK4 culture filtrate and their ecofriendly applications
Authors: Gupta Guddu Kumar , Koli Devesh , Kapoor Rajeev Kumar 
Published: April 2024

The culture filtrate of Hypocrea lixii GGRK4 played a vital role as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using silver nitrate (AgNO3). The extracellular extract derived from fungi emerged as a noteworthy option for synthesizing AgNPs due to its potential composition of metabolites, including enzymes and other bioactive substances. Hence, the presence of a dark brown color serves as a key indicator for the biosynthesis of AgNPs through the reduction of Ag (I) ions to Ag by the fungal culture filtrate. To facilitate the synthesis of AgNPs, a combination of hybrid technologies, specifically the “one factor at a time” approach and statistical tools such as response surface methodology, was used using a face-centered central composite design (FCCCD). Utilizing a modified CX medium with pH of 5.02 supported the fungi synthesizing AgNPs at a temperature of 30°C. The multi-efficient AgNPs were characterized through various techniques, including UV–visible spectrophotometry, zeta size and potential analysis using a zeta size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and fluorescence spectroscopy. The biosynthesized AgNPs have significant associated functional groups, revealed by FTIR analysis. TEM histogram analysis showed that these multi-efficient AgNPs have a size of 17.34 nm. Similarly, they have emission and excitation spectra of 450 nm and 390 nm, respectively, revealed by fluorescence spectrum analysis. Compared to the standard, the biosynthesized AgNPs have significant antibacterial and free radical scavenging properties and dye degradation capability. Additionally, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was found statistically significant based on t-test analysis. Finally, the biosynthesized AgNPs could be used in potential applications encompassing ecofriendly degradation, antimicrobial activity, and therapeutic applications, such as free radical scavenging properties.
Generalized modality responses in primary sensory neurons of awake mice during the development of neuropathic pain
Authors: Sun Linlin , Chen Chao , Xiang Xuwu , Guo Shengyang , Yang Guang 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionPeripheral sensory neurons serve as the initial responders to the external environment. How these neurons react to different sensory stimuli, such as mechanical or thermal forces applied to the skin, remains unclear.MethodsUsing in vivo two-photon Ca2+ imaging in the lumbar 4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of awake Thy1.2-GCaMP6s mice, we assessed neuronal responses to various mechanical (punctate or dynamic) and thermal forces (heat or cold) sequentially applied to the paw plantar surface.ResultsOur data indicate that in normal awake male mice, approximately 14 and 38% of DRG neurons respond to either single or multiple modalities of stimulation. Anesthesia substantially reduces the number of responsive neurons but does not alter the ratio of cells exhibiting single-modal responses versus multi-modal responses. Following peripheral nerve injury, DRG cells exhibit a more than 5.1-fold increase in spontaneous neuronal activity and a 1.5-fold increase in sensory stimulus-evoked activity. As neuropathic pain resulting from nerve injury progresses, the polymodal nature of sensory neurons intensifies. The polymodal population increases from 39.1 to 56.9%, while the modality-specific population decreases from 14.7 to 5.0% within a period of 5 days.DiscussionOur study underscores polymodality as a significant characteristic of primary sensory neurons, which becomes more pronounced during the development of neuropathic pain.