bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial nerve paralysis secondary to mandibular fracture
Authors: Goin Donald W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWhen facial nerve paralysis complicates a mandibular fracture, it may be difficult to locate the point of injury, since the nerve may be injured in the fallopian canal by a secondary temporal bone fracture or in soft tissue by mandibular fragments. Following a review of eight previously reported cases, this paper presents two additional cases, one with bilateral, complete paralyses and the other with a unilateral paresis. In the first, the condyles were driven posteriorly, resulting in bilateral temporal bone fractures, a unilateral external canal stenosis, and a unilateral sensorineural hearing impairment. Good functional return followed decompression of the intratemporal facial nerves. In the second patient, facial function returned spontaneously. When the temporal bone is fractured, therapy follows guidelines for facial paralysis associated with basilar skull fractures from other causes. If soft tissue injury is suspected, the decision must be made whether to explore the nerve or wait for spontaneous recovery.
Laryngeal angiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma): Clinicopathological findings
Authors: Shibata Koichi , Komune Shizuo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwo cases of laryngeal angiomyoma which developed in 51 and 52‐year‐old men are reported. One was a tumor found in the supraglottic area of the larynx and the other was in the subglottic space. Each was a spherical tumor with a smooth surface. The chief complaints of these patients were sudden dyspnea, hoarseness, and laryngeal pain. The tumors were removed through direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia; but in both cases, considerable bleeding occurred during and after surgery.Histological examination showed that the tumor was covered by squamous epithelium and a fibrous capsule. The parenchyma of the tumor was composed of proliferated fibers of smooth muscle, and dilated blood vessels in abundance. The tumor is of benign nature and recurrence is rare. For therapy, therefore, complete extirpation of the tumor is adequate, but the likelihood of profuse bleeding must be considered.
Are water and tympanotomy tubes compatible?
Authors: Jaffe Burton F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTraditionally, patients with tympanotomy tubes are admonished not to get water in their ears so that ear infections will not occur. This study reviews 100 children during the past three years who were given instructions to allow bath and shower water to get into their ears, and who were allowed to swim as long as they used polymyxin/neomycin/hydrocortisone ear drops at night after swimming. Only rarely did problems arise, and these were easily managed. No long‐term harmful effects occurred. In addition, earplugs, swimming and shower caps, and special tympanotomy tubes are not needed to prevent ear infections.Water and tympanotomy tubes are compatible.
Intranasal ethmoidectomy and concurrent procedures
Authors: Taylor J. S. , Crocker P. V. , Keebler J. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this review of 526 intrnnasal ethmoidectomy procedures, there was a complication rate of 2.5% with no blindness, meningitis, or deaths. The rationale for associated concurrent procedures is presented. The use of an absorbable hemostntic sinus sponge and an easily removable Telfa® nasal packing made possible just a two‐night hospital stay in over 90% of these patients.
Sensorineural hearing loss: Infectious agents
Authors: Pappas Dennis G. , Mundy Martha R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty‐eight children with sensorineural hearing loss resulting from viral (17) or infectious (11) agents were analyzed according to the degree and stability of the loss and the age at identification. Early identification and determination of etiology is enhanced when a viral screen is performed in the nursery, and of questionable value when viral studies are done later. Eighty percent of the children who sustained a permanent loss as a result of meningitis had severe‐profound losses. Serial hearing testing should be done every 6 months for these children who are at risk for progression or fluctuations in their hearing loss.
Entomophthorales infection of the maxillofacial region
Authors: Nathan Marshall D. , Keller A. Paul , Lerner Charles J. , Davis Jefferson C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPhycomycosis infections caused by the fungi Rhizopus and Mucor are commonly termed mucorinycosis. Mucormycosis infections exhibit a rapidly progressive course characterized by angioinvasion and necrosis. The rhinocerebral form has been described thoroughly in the literature. However, there exists another order of Phycomycetes, the Entomophthorales, which rarely cause clinical disease. Their infection is indolent and is associated with grunulomatous inflammation and a protracted clinical course.Presented here is a rare case of suspected Canidiobolus coronato infection occurring in the maxillofacial region of a previously healthy male. The authors believe this to be the first reported case occurring in the United States. Because of the poorly documented natural history of this infection and the patient's relative intolerance to parenteral antifungal therapy, a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach was designed. It consisted of long‐term, low‐dosage amphotericin‐B, hyperbaric oxygen and sequential surgical debridements.This unusual disease entity must now be considered in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous disorders of the head and neck.
Gingival and mandibular metastases from rectal adenocarcinoma: Case report and 20 year review of the english literature
Authors: Rentschler Robert E. , Thrasher Thais V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGingival metastases from non‐oral malignancies are very uncommon. The case is presented of a man with rectal adenocarcinoma, whose first clinical evidence of metastatic disease was a gingival metastasis. Although the prognosis of patients with gingival metastases is felt to be poor, prompt initiation of appropriate therapy may afford significant palliation. A 20‐year literature review of uncommon metastatic sites for rectal adenocarcinoma and non‐oral malignancies which can metastnsize to gingiva is briefly presented. Gingival metastasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of a gingival lesion in a patient with prior or current malignancy.
Myofibroblasts in chronic otitis media
Authors: Berlinger Norman T. , Schachern Patricia 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCells which may be tentatively described as myofibroblasts have been identified by transmission electron microscopy from samples of inflammatory tissue present in the tympanic cavity of ears demonstrating clinical chronic otitis media. These cells possess the ultra‐structural characteristics of a markedly indented nucleus, well organized bundles of cytoplasmic microfilaments, and plasmalemma specializations resembling desmosomes. Myofibroblasts are contractile cells which are present in a number of pathological conditions characterized by tissue contraction or distortion such as hepatic cirrhosis, Dupuytren's contracture, and hypertrophic scars. It is possible to hypothesize that myofibroblasts in chronic otitis media may exert synchronized contractile forces which distort the tympanic membrane or ossicular chain and thus lead to conductive hearing loss.
Avulsion of the anomalous facial nerve at stapedectomy
Authors: Welling D. Bradley , Glasscock Michael E. , Gantz Bruce J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInjury to the facial nerve in an anomalous location overlying the oval window at the time of stapedectomy has rarely been reported. The authors recently have encountered three patients with such injuries. The facial nerve was found at the time of reexploration to run directly over the oval window. A fourth patient was explored primarily for a conductive hearing loss and the same anomalous course was discovered. The purpose of this report is to alert the otologic surgeon to this rare but potentially catastrophic anomaly and to review the pertinent embryology and management of these malformations.
Intraoperative measurement of the elastic modulus of the vocal fold. Part 1. Device development
Authors: Berke Gerald S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAlthough the concept of manipulating laryngeal biomechanics to improve vocal function is not new, there has been a recent proliferation in surgical techniques used to affect laryngeal function. These include methods which increase the stiffness of the vocal folds, medialize the vocal folds, alter the pitch by changing the tension of the vocal folds, and augment the tissues using injection of alloplastic materials. Despite these new and possibly revolutionary methods, no means are presently available to surgeons to intraoperatively evaluate and optimize results of a surgical intervention. This study involved the development of a device to measure the in vivo elastic modulus of the vocal folds.
Comparison of vasoconstrictors for functional endoscopic sinus surgery in children
Authors: Riegle Elaine V. , Gunter Joel B. , Lusk Rodney P. , Muntz Harlan R. , Weiss Karen L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThree different vasoconstricting agents were evaluated during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in 57 children. Oxymetazoline hydrochloride 0.05%, phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.25%, or cocaine 4% was applied to the nasal mucosa in a prospective, randomized, double‐blind fashion. Heart rate and blood pressure changes were recorded 5 and 10 minutes after application of the study vasoconstrictor to each nostril. The surgeon's subjective impressions of bleeding and visualization were recorded for each side of the nose, as were total blood loss and anesthesia time. Although all three vasoconstrictors were tolerated well by the children, there was a suggestion that heart rate decreased more at 5 minutes with phenylephrine than with oxymetazoline or cocaine (P = .08) and that blood pressure increased more at 10 minutes with phenylephrine than with oxymetazoline or cocaine (P = .1). No arrhythmias were noted. Subjective scoring for bleeding showed that children receiving oxymetazoline were less likely to receive scores of “more” bleeding than usual (3/38 vs. 10/34 for phenylephrine and 10/35 for cocaine, P<.02). Subjective scoring for visualization showed that children receiving oxymetazoline were also less likely to receive scores of “worse” visualization than usual (3/38 vs. 12/38 for phenylephrine and 9/35 for cocaine, P<.01). There was no difference in surgical bleeding or visualization between children receiving phenylephrine and children receiving cocaine. In our institution, 0.05% oxymetazoline is the preferred vasoconstrictor for FESS in children.
Biodistribution of rhodamine‐123 in nude mice heterotransplanted with human squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Castro Dan J. , Haghighat Shaghayegh , Saxton Romaine E. , Reisler Emil , Jongwaard Neva , Castro Donna J. , Ward Paul H. , Lufkin Robert B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRhodamine‐123 uptake and release was determined in nu/nu mice heterotransplanted with P3 human squamous carcinomas to assess its value as an in vivo laser photosensitizer for treatment of solid tumors. Following intraperitoneal injection of Rh‐123 (1 μg/g of body weight), mice were killed at 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours, and 3 and 7 days postinjection. The peak concentrations of Rh‐123 per milligram of tissue measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry was distributed as follows: kidneys>spleen>intestine> stomach>liver>tumor>skin>skeletal muscles> lung>heart>blood>brain. No preferential uptake or retention of Rh‐123 by tumors was observed. However, a longer retention with higher concentrations of the dye was seen in normal skin as opposed to P3 tumors from 4 hours to 7 days postinjection with Rh‐123. The elimination of Rh‐123 was rapid, with the dye falling to less than 2% of peak concentration at 7 days postinjection. Knowledge of Rh‐123 biodistribution in tumors and other tissues suggests that optimal timing after injection of this dye may allow selective photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy of tumors with the argon laser.
Postoperative radiation therapy for cervical lymph node metastases from an occult squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Maulard C. , Housset M. , Brunei P. , Huart J. , Ucla L. , Rozec C. , Delanian S. , Baillet F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne hundred thirteen patients with cervical metastases from a squamous cell carcinoma and no evidence of the primary tumor were treated for cure by surgery and routine large'field postoperative irradiation. Patients were staged according to the 1987 American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification. There were 24 N1, 54 N2, 29 N3, and 6 Nx lesions. One hundred four patients underwent cervical lymph node dissection and 9 had adenectomy. All patients received postoperative external beam therapy to the entire naso'oro‐pharyngo'larynx and all cervical lymphatics. The overall nodal failure rate was 13.7%. Nodal failure was significantly correlated with N staging (P = .01) and with the number of histologically involved nodes (P = .05). Nodal failure was 21% when nodes were initially fixed versus 7.5% when they were not (P = .07) and 18% when there was extracapsular spread versus 4.3% when the capsule was intact (P = .11). Eleven patients (9.7%) developed a subsequent primary lesion. In 3 patients (2.6%), this primary was located in the previously irradiated area and, in 2 cases, under the anterior block of lateral fields. Metastases occurred in 18 patients (16%). The five'year overall survival rate was 38%. Survival was correlated with N staging (P > .02), nodal fixation (P = .05), extracapsular spread (P = .01) and loosely with the number of histologically involved nodes (P = .08). On the contrary, histological differentiation did not influence the local control rate, nor the development of metastases or subsequent primary lesions. Large'field prophylactic radiation therapy appears to be effective in preventing the emergence of initially occult primary lesions. However, control of disease in the neck and survival remain disappointing in patients with advanced nodal disease, even after combined surgery and radiation therapy.
Neoplastic infiltration of laryngeal cartilages: Histocytochemical study
Authors: Gallo A. , Mocetti P. , De Vincentiis M. , Simonelli M. , Ciampini S. , Bianco P. , Bonucci E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe relationship between cartilage and invading neoplastic cells was studied in 32 cases of laryngeal cancer by histological and cytochemical methods. Cartilage invasion was present in 12 cases, 10 of which were in proximity or in contact with areas of calcification and ossification. It was significantly correlated only to tobacco consumption (P <.05) and, in regard to glottic tumors, to tumor diameter greater than 3 cm (P <.01). Histologically, neoplastic invasion in cartilage was massive in 2 cases, occurred in areas of ossification in 4, between cartilage and bone in 4, and in epiglottic cartilage in 2. In 3 of the cases with bone invasion, there was also new bone formation. Hyaline cartilage and bone resorption was due to tartrate'resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive giant cells; in epiglottic cartilage only mononuclear cells were present, some of which were TRAP'positive. These results show that neoplastic cells can promote not only resorption and formation of bone, but also resorption of cartilage, which is considered resistant to neoplastic invasion. The different types of resorbing cells in contact with hyaline cartilage and bone in laryngeal cancer, and elastic cartilage in epiglottic cancer, suggest that the structure of the tissue being resorbed can influence the type of resorbing cells.
Innervation of the paralyzed laryngeal muscles by phrenic motoneurons. A quantitative study by light and electron microscopy
Authors: Baldissera F. , Tredici G. , Marini G. , Fiori M. G. , Cantarella G. , Ottaviani F. , Zanoni R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn the cat, inspiratory opening of the paralyzed glottis recovered after unilateral or bilateral reinnervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles by phrenic axons. The morphometric analysis of the regenerated recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), showed that proliferation was abundant; 4 months after the nerve anastomosis, more than 500 myelinated axonal branches repopulated the RLNs. The mean diameter of motor axons (3.5 to 5.0 μm) was lower than in normal phrenic and RLN (8 to 10 μm), and the mean internode length was about half that of the normal RLN. Histochemical examination of the PCA muscle revealed that muscle fiber composition (44% type I and 56% type II muscle fiber) was fairly similar to that of normal PCA. The contraction time of the reinnervated muscles was as long as 60 msec at the time of movement recovery, but it shortened to 25 to 30 msec when the reinnervation time increased. These anatomical and functional results support the choice of the phrenic nerve for laryngeal reinnervation.
Immunohistochemical study of c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein overexpression in human major salivary gland carcinoma: An indicator of aggressiveness
Authors: Sugano Sumio , Mukai Kiyoshi , Tsuda Hitoshi , Hirohashi Setsuo , Furuya Shuichiro , Shimosato Yukio , Ebihara Satoshi , Takeyama Isamu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to analyze the correlation between immunohistochemical positivity for c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein and prognosis in patients with malignant salivary gland tumors, 59 cases of malignant tumors of the major salivary glands, including 35 parotid gland, 20 submaxillary gland and 4 sublingual gland tumors, were studied immunohistochemically using a polyclonal antibody against c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein. Positive staining was observed in 13 (22%) of the 59 cases. Interestingly, positive results were obtained only in adenocarcinoma (6/20) and carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma (7/15), and not in any other histological types such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid tumor, and squamous cell carcinoma. There was no correlation between the degree of differentiation of adenocarcinoma and c‐erbB‐2 positivity. Since the carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma positive for c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein was adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma were placed together (n = 33), and the presence or absence of c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein in this group was examined for correlation with patients' survival and other clinicopathological features, including clinical stage, tumor size, surgical margins, and lymph node status. The c‐erbB‐2‐positive tumors tended to be more advanced and larger than negative tumors. Similarly, c‐erbB‐2‐positive tumors were difficult to resect completely, were associated with lymph node metastasis more frequently, and showed lower disease'free survival than negative cases (P <.05). We conclude that immunohistochemical positivity for c‐erbB‐2 is an indicator of aggressiveness in both adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma of the major salivary glands.
Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma contain an angiogenic growth factor: Basic FGF
Authors: Schiff Maurice , Gonzalez Ana'Maria , Ong Michael , Baird Andrew 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe presence of an angiogenic protein basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) was established in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNF). Extracts of these tumors have the capacity to stimulate endothelial cell proliferation. This activity is indistinguishable from basic FGF. The biological activity contained in the extracts binds to heparin'Sepharose columns and is eluted with a characteristic 2 mol sodium chloride. The exact fraction of the biological activity corresponds to the location where an inununoreactive basic FGF can be detected by radioimmunoassay. These same fractions contain an 18,000‐d molecule which is identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate'polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS'PAGE) and immunoblotting with an antibody to basic FGF. Indeed, immunohistochemical studies localize the growth factor to the endothelium of JNF. Although these findings do not establish that basic FGF mediates the development of this angiofibroma, they do support the possibility that the pathogenesis of JNF is associated with the presence of angiogenic factors like basic FGF. If this is the case, a comprehensive study of the etiology of JNF may lead to a better understanding of how locally produced growth factors mediate proliferative disease and how its modification might lead to better treatment on a biological basis.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in the management of head and neck carcinoma
Authors: Gibson Sharon , Wenig Barry L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn patients undergoing resection of head and neck malignancies, structural and functional deficits commonly preclude adequate oral nutrition and prolong hospital stay. To address this issue, the benefit of routine preoperative placement of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was studied in a group of these patients. The postoperative course of 89 patients undergoing primary resection of advanced (stage III and IV) squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract was examined. The hospital stay was reduced by up to 61% with PEG compared to hospital stay with standard nasogastric tube (NGT) alimentation. The difference was statistically significant for primary sites involving the larynx and pharynx, but not for lesions of the oral cavity. For tongue base tumors, there was a trend toward reduced hospitalization which did not reach statistical significance. The fistulization rate was unchanged. The complication rate for PEG was 5%, and morbidity was less with PEG than with NGT. The authors recommend the preoperative placement of PEGs for all patients with advanced carcinomas of the larynx, hypopharynx, and oropharynx.
Nasal airway dilation and obstructed breathing in sleep
Authors: Metes Agnes , Cole Philip , Hoffstein Victor , Miljeteig Harald 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNasal respiratory airflow resistances of awake snorers averaged 0.188 ± 0.165 Pa/cm3/s (N = 306) and were not elevated beyond the normal range (< 0.25 Pa/cm3/s). Resistances were decreased substantially from a mean of 0.164 ± 0.128 to 0.065 ± 0.037 Pa/cm3/s (N = 72) by a nasal vestibular dilator (Nozovent). Effects of the dilator on breathing disorders in sleep were determined by polysomnography recordings that included frequency, duration and intensity of snoring, apneas, hypopneas, and oxygen saturation in 10 heavy snorers while asleep with and without the dilator in situ over periods of several hours. No significant changes were detected in these parameters in any stage of sleep.