bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Experiential Therapy: Results of an Open Clinical Trial
Authors: Bivens Alex , Leinart Deb , Klontz Bradley , Klontz Ted 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis article describes an equine-assisted experiential therapy approach and presents treatment outcomes in 31 participants in an equine-assisted, experiential therapy program. Participants completed psychological measures prior to treatment, immediately following treatment, and 6 months after treatment. Reported reductions in psychological distress and enhancements in psychological well being were significant immediately following treatment and were stable at 6-month follow-up. The article discusses the clinical implications and limitations of the present study and directions for further research.
The Significant Life Experiences (SLEs) of Humane Educators
Authors: Lewis Jacquie 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis study provides evidence of the significant life experiences (SLEs), which influence advocates for nonhuman animals to develop sensitivity toward animals. Thirty-nine humane educators participated in an online survey. Findings indicate that having a relationship with a companion animal in adulthood is the most important life experience, followed by having a childhood experience with an animal, being exposed to a positive role model in childhood, and reading about animals and animal issues. The study did not find age and gender related differences in life experiences. This paper compares the results from this study to two previous studies. The first study examined the SLEs of animal advocate leaders through analysis of autobiographies, biographies, oral histories, and written interviews. The second study examined the SLEs of animal rescuers through an open-ended survey. This paper discusses similarities and differences among these three groups.
Morphological and molecular studies on Heterodera sacchari, H. goldeni and H. leuceilyma (Nematoda: Heteroderidae)
Authors: Tanha Maafi Zahra , Sturhan Dieter , Handoo Zafar , Mor Mishael , Moens Maurice , Subbotin Sergei 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHeterodera sacchari, H. leuceilyma and H. goldeni are closely related members of the H. sacchari species complex, which is mainly characterised and distinguished from all other described Heterodera species by the presence of finger-like projections of the strongly developed underbridge in the vulval cone of the cysts. Males are rare in all three species and are described here in H. goldeni for the first time. Reproduction appears to be parthenogenetic. There are only minor morphological distinctions between the three species, particularly after our present studies have emended their original descriptions from various populations. Heterodera sacchari and H. goldeni showed differences in the ITS-rRNA gene sequences. Heterodera sacchari was described and reliably identified from many tropical African countries, H. leuceilyma is known only from Florida, USA, and H. goldeni has been identified in Egypt, Israel and Iran. All three species have grasses and other Poaceae as hosts, H. sacchari commonly attacking rice and sugarcane, and H. goldeni reproducing successfully on sugarcane ratoon seedlings. Morphological data emending the descriptions of H. sacchari, H. goldeni and H. leuceilyma from various populations are presented and discussed along with their host and distribution. Molecular characterisation of H. sacchari and H. goldeni is provided. An analysis of phylogenetic relationships within species of the sacchari-group using ITS-rRNA gene sequences is also presented.
Nematodes of the order Dorylaimida from Andalucía Oriental, Spain. The genus Enchodelus Thorne, 1939. 1. Description of two new and two known species with conical tail
Authors: Guerrero Pablo , Liébanas Gracia , Peña-Santiago Reyes 
Published: August 2007

AbstractTwo new and two known species belonging to the genus Enchodelus from the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula are described and illustrated. Enchodelus porosus sp. n. is characterised by its medium-sized body (1.39-1.70 mm), lateral chord bearing conspicuous pores surrounded by a refractive ring, odontostyle 16.5-18.0 μ m long, female reproductive system amphidelphic with uterus bipartite including irregular refractive bodies, pars refringens vaginae absent, spicules 39-45 μ m long, 4-6 separated ventromedian supplements and ventrally curved conical tail. Enchodelus veletensis sp. n. is a medium-to large-sized nematode (1.78-2.06 mm), with odontostyle 29-31 μ m long, female genital system amphidelphic with uterus bipartite, vagina bearing two sclerotisations surrounded by a spherical pars distalis and ventrally curved conical tail. In addition, E. morgensis is redescribed and new observations on E. brevidentatus are provided and discussed.
Morphological and molecular characterisation of Longidorus danuvii sp. n. and L. silvae Roca, 1993 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Serbia
Authors: Barsi László , Lamberti Franco , De Luca Francesca 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Specimens of a Longidorus species, here described as L. danuvii sp. n., were
recovered from the rhizosphere of Amorpha fruticosa growing in a floodplain
forest on the bank of the river Danube at Novi Sad, Serbia; a second
population was collected from Populus sp. also at Novi Sad. Longidorus
danuvii sp. n. is characterised by medium sized body length (3.7-5.4 mm),
slightly expanded, anteriorly flattened and laterally rounded lip region,
set off by a depression from the rest of the body, distinctly bilobed
amphidial pouches with lobes of about equal length, medium odontostyle
length (86-101 μ m) and elongate, conoid tail with more or less bent
appearance. Four juvenile developmental stages were identified. A second
Longidorus species, identified as L. silvae, was recovered from the
rhizosphere of Quercus petraea at Rakovac, Fruška Gora mountain, Serbia. The
discovery of two males is the second record for this species. PCR-RFLP
analyses of the ITS containing regions and sequences of the D3 region of the
26S rDNA were done.
An unusual cyst nematode from New Zealand, Paradolichodera tenuissima gen. n., sp. n. (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae)
Authors: Sturhan Dieter , Wouts Wim M. , Subbotin Sergei A. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
A new genus, Paradolichodera gen. n., is proposed for a heteroderid species
parasitising the rush Eleocharis gracilis on the banks of a lagoon near
Christchurch, New Zealand. The slender body of the second-stage juveniles (a
= 61-79) makes the type species, P. tenuissima sp. n., unique among known
Heteroderidae species. The females weakly tan after death and retain eggs.
The cysts are elongate-ovoid with rounded posterior end, a circumfenestral
vulva area in terminal position, an indistinct anus and a cuticle with faint
striation anteriorly and punctations posteriorly. The male body is not
twisted, a cloacal tube is present and phasmids are lacking.
Morphologically, the new genus is closest to Dolichodera in the subfamily
Punctoderinae. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1-rRNA sequence of P.
tenuissima sp. n. shows a close relationship to Punctodera and
Globodera.
Public Theology in (South) Africa: A Trinitarian Approach
Authors: Koopman Nico 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis article discusses the potential of a Trinitarian approach to theology for constructing a public theology in the context of the immense social, political, economic, environmental, cultural, sexual and health challenges of (South) Africa. Theology engages with the three publics of academy, society and church in order to enhance a flourishing life for all humans and the rest of creation. Sallie McFague's Trinitarian planetary theology is investigated. It is argued that her portrayal of God—as the one who: creates us in God's image; liberates us from all enslavements; provides for our spiritual and material needs; saves us from personal and institutional sin and renews humans, churches, nature and society—offers guidelines for constructing a Trinitarian public theology on African soil.
The Concept of Sacrifice: A Reconsideration of the Feminist Critique
Authors: McIntosh Esther 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDomestic violence is an on-going problem, especially for women. Moreover, feminist theologians have criticized the Christian churches for failing to respond adequately both to the violence itself and to the underlying theology that supports and legitimizes the subordination of women; in particular, this includes the concept of sacrifice. With the release of the Church of England's guidelines on 'Responding to Domestic Abuse', it is time for public theology to reconsider the feminist critique. This article sets out the historical background of the Christian concept of sacrifice, explains the feminist critique of it and then assesses the role of self-love in answer to the feminist critique; finally, it attempts to make sense of why and how we might still value some sacrifice, while taking feminist concerns seriously.
Freedom or Respect?: Public Theology and the Debate over the Danish Cartoons
Authors: Kim Sebastian 
Published: August 2007

AbstractAs a way to consider an appropriate methodology for public theology, this article examines the recent controversy over the Danish cartoons. The focus of the article is the debate for and against the cartoons and the two apparently competing values of 'freedom of expression' and 'respect for faith'. The article argues that these two concepts of freedom and respect are entwined with each other and need to be understood in the light of one another, because they are not necessarily in opposition; in fact, in the course of the debate, these two areas of concern overlap. The article then investigates further to find a common place of mutual acceptance of both secular and religious values, by discussing the development of the concept of tolerance in the west and in India. It is suggested that, in the west, this common space needs to be formulated in a secular setting. This article concludes that a suitable method for public theology is to examine critically both sides of a dispute and to suggest an alternative perspective by employing theological insights from other contexts.
Historiography of an African Church: a Treasure Trove and Do-It-Yourself Book — An Elaborated Book Review
Authors: Verstraelen Frans 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe aim of this article is to pass on a few suggestions for making the History of the Catholic Church in Zambia more accessible locally, and more acceptable internationally. By improving its methodology, this History can make a real contribution to the development of the history of Christianity in Africa in the context of African history. The article deals with methodological questions and offers some suggestions. It uses the text of this History only in a very limited way in as far as it serves its methodological aim. Yet, I hope that the few references to the text will whet the appetite of the reader to get to know the whole content of this History, since that is remarkably informative and very readable.
Speaking of God in Memory of September 11th, 2001. An Aesthetic Approach
Authors: Küster Volker 
Published: August 2007

AbstractGod talk is visual speech, even contrary to monotheistic religions' prohibition against images. The power of the images unleashed by terrorists on 9/11 is grounded in a conflict of powerful images of God that drive the combatants into this jihad and 'war against evil or terror' respectively. This article contrasts works of art portraying the violence and terror of 9/11 or the conflicts in the Muslim world with the images of 9/11 itself. Three criteria of vision, distance and inviolacy are derived from this comparative approach. They can also be used as a yardstick to gauge competing images of God. 9/11 is not the beginning of a new era as the Western media claimed but is a symbol of the repercussions of the wave of globalization initiated by the implosion of the communist block, the expansion of neo-liberal capitalism and the compression of the world by new media technologies.
Mission to the South, Words to the North: Reflections on Communication in the Church by a Northerner in the South
Authors: Harries Jim 
Published: August 2007

AbstractLimitations in the possibility of clear communication, even when the language in use (English) is supposedly international, form the foundation for this post-Jenkinsian view of the relationship between Southern and Northern churches today. Presented by a Northerner living in the South this perspective suggests that Northern domination of Southern Christianity (as well as of the South in general) is a threat to the Southern church. Colonial, and particularly post-colonial North/South relations aggravate corruption in the South, and promote a shallow imitation of Northern ways which forms a thin veneer over lives that are deeply rooted in magical/witchcraft worldviews. The widespread negative evaluation of Northern Christianity is here identified with a linguistic idiosyncrasy arising from the preeminence of secularism in the North. 'Southern English' makes different sense of the term 'religion'. Christianity is a way of life. Secularism is also a way of life, and it was its being omitted from Jenkins' look at the world religious scene that has given it a misleading singular status. Christianity is alive in the north, but needs a jerk to arrest its current injurious southwards impact.
Src-family kinase–dependent disruption of endothelial barrier function by Plasmodium falciparum merozoite proteins
Authors: Gillrie Mark R. , Krishnegowda Gowdahalli , Lee Kristine , Buret Andre G. , Robbins Stephen M. , Looareesuwan S. , Gowda D. Channe , Ho May 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Pulmonary complication in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria is manifested as a prolonged impairment of gas transfer or the more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In either clinical presentation, vascular permeability is a major component of the pathologic process. In this report, we examined the effect of clinical P falciparum isolates on barrier function of primary dermal and lung microvascular endothelium in vitro. We showed that parasite sonicates but not intact infected erythrocytes disrupted endothelial barrier function in a Src-family kinase–dependent manner. The abnormalities were manifested both as discontinuous immunofluorescence staining of the junctional proteins ZO-1, claudin 5, and VE-cadherin and the formation of interendothelial gaps in monolayers. These changes were associated with a loss in total protein content of claudin 5 and redistribution of ZO-1 from the cytoskeleton to the membrane and the cytosolic and nuclear fractions. There was minimal evidence of a proinflammatory response or direct cellular cytotoxicity or cell death. The active component in sonicates appeared to be a merozoite-associated protein. Increased permeability was also induced by P falciparum glycophosphatidylinositols (GPIs) and food vacuoles. These results demonstrate that parasite components can alter endothelial barrier function and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of severe falciparum malaria.
Infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells by HIV-1 subtype C, and its association with anemia in southern Africa
Authors: Redd Andrew D. , Avalos Ava , Essex Max 
Published: August 2007

AbstractReports from southern Africa, an area in which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is caused almost exclusively by subtype C (HIV-1C), have shown increased rates of anemia in HIV-infected populations compared with similar acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients in the United States, an area predominantly infected with subtype B (HIV-1B). Recent findings by our group demonstrated a direct association between HIV-1 infection and hematopoietic progenitor cell health in Botswana. Therefore, using a single-colony infection assay and quantitative proviral analysis, we examined whether HIV-1C could infect hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and whether this phenotype was associated with the higher rates of anemia found in southern Africa. The results show that a significant number of HIV-1C, but not HIV-1B, isolates can infect HPCs in vitro (P < .05). In addition, a portion of HIV-1C–positive Africans had infected progenitor cell populations in vivo, which was associated with higher rates of anemia in these patients (P < .05). This represents a difference in cell tropism between 2 geographically separate and distinct HIV-1 subtypes. The association of this hematotropic phenotype with higher rates of anemia should be considered when examining anti-HIV drug treatment regimens in HIV-1C–predominant areas, such as southern Africa.
Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide Based on the Charge Accumulation and Electrochemical Reduction at an Osmium Complex/Peroxidase-coated Electrode
Authors: Mizutani Fumio , Ohta Eiji , Mie Yasuhiro , Niwa Osamu 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Enhanced sensitivity of hydrogen peroxide was performed by accumulating the charge through oxidation of [Os(bpy)2]2+ (bpy = bipyridyl) into [Os(bpy)]3+ in a peroxidase-containing polymer layer on an electrode under the open-circuit condition and then reduced by applying negative potential. The accumulation resulted in a large current response, and the lower detection limit for hydrogen peroxide and that for glucose oxidase, a hydrogen peroxide-producing enzyme, were 0.1 nM and 2×10−4 U L−1, respectively.
Knee Loading Accelerates Bone Healing in Mice
Authors: Zhang Ping , Sun Qiwei , Turner Charles H , Yokota Hiroki 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Knee loading is an anabolic loading modality that applies lateral loads to the knee. This study shows that loads applied to the proximal tibial epiphysis stimulate healing of surgically generated wounds in the tibial diaphysis.
Introduction: Wound healing is sensitive to mechanical stimulation such as various forms of stress and different magnitudes of strain. Knee loading has been shown to induce anabolic responses to murine tibias and femora when a strain of 10–20 μstrain is applied at the site of new bone formation. The object of this study was to address a question: does knee loading accelerate closure of open wounds in the tibia?
Material and Methods: Fifty-three C57/BL/6 female mice were used. A surgical wound (0.5 mm in diameter) was generated in the left tibia (loaded) and the right tibia (sham-loaded control). From the fourth postoperative day, knee loading was performed to the left knee with a custom-made piezoelectric loader for 3 min/d for 3 consecutive days. The peak-to-peak force was 0.5 N. Animals were killed 1, 2, or 3 wk after surgery, and the healing process was evaluated with μCT, pQCT, and bone histomorphometry with calcein labeling.
Results: The measured strain was &lt;20 μstrain with 0.5-N force regardless of the presence or absence of surgical wounds. Compared with sham-loaded controls, the results showed load-driven acceleration of wound healing. First, μCT data revealed that knee loading reduced the size of surgical wounds by 13% (p &lt; 0.01; 1 wk), 25% (p &lt; 0.001; 2 wk), and 15% (p &lt; 0.01; 3 wk). Second, pQCT data indicated that total BMD and BMC and cortical BMD and BMC were significantly increased in the third postoperative week. Last, bone histomorphometry revealed that bone formation was stimulated from the site proximal (close to the knee) to the wound.
Conclusions: The reparative and remodeling phases of wound healing were enhanced by loads applied to the knee without inducing significant in situ strain at the site of wounds. Noninvasive knee loading might therefore be useful clinically to stimulate bone healing in the entire tibia along its length (including cast immobilized wounds).
Die scheinbare Wiedereinführung der Vermögenskonfiskation in Russland
Authors: Schroeder Friedrich-Christian 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Die Konfiskation des dem Täter gehörenden Vermögens galt lange Zeit bei den Inhabern der Strafgewalt als deren geschätztestes Instrument. Die Carolina von 1532 zählt die willkürliche Vermögenskonfiskation zu den „mißbreuchen vnd bösen vnuernünfftigen gewonheyten, so an etlichen orten vnd enden gehalten werden“ (Art. 218). Bedenklich war vor allem, dass diese Sanktion nach einem Todesurteil nur noch die Familie traf und „Weib und Kinder an den Bettelstab“ gelangten (Art. 218 Carolina). Dementsprechend wurde die Vermögenskonfiskation im preußischen StGB von 1851 aus humanitären Gründen abgeschafft.
Religion and the American Public Philosophy
Authors: Dean William 
Published: August 2007

Stephen Whicher has suggested about Emerson in particular that the “dogmatic” optimism he vaunted publicly was something of a makeshift cover for the void he felt in private, a too-much-protested (and therefore sometimes callous) faith thrust upon him by “the ghastly reality of things.”Sacvan BercovitchAt the same time there was in [William] James an awful loneliness. He lived in terrible personal isolation, believing that only individuality counted and that even its joys were fleeting. Much of his optimism was bravado.Bruce Kuklick
How Realistic Can a Catholic Writer Be? Richard Sullivan and American Catholic Literature
Authors: Cadegan Una M. 
Published: August 2007

In 1933, a twenty-five-year-old writer named Richard Sullivan articulated for himself the qualities a novel should have. In a “Record of Work Begun and Ideas for Stories,” 1932-1933, he wrote:Let all be adoration. 9-14-33a novel must be—?American—constantly; of course, naturally.Scope—heights to depths; and length also: a lifeReligious—naturally; how else?Bitter—like life; intermittently.When he wrote these words, Sullivan had not yet published a novel; the publication of his first short story in a national magazine was still three years away. He eventually published six of his novels and dozens of short stories while teaching English at the University of Notre Dame from 1936 to 1974. Few people have heard of him or his work, and, at first glance, his life looks commonplace, even prosaic—he never lived farther than one hundred miles from his birthplace and seldom traveled; he taught at the same place, largely the same courses, for thirty-eight years; he wrote and published for almost forty years, coming tantalizingly close to major success, which nonetheless always eluded him.
“Rational Amusement and Sound Instruction”: Constructing the True Catholic Woman in theAve Maria, 1865-1889
Authors: Becker Penny Edgell 
Published: August 2007

This article explores the relationship between gender ideology and popular culture in one particular time and place—a Catholic family magazine called theAve Mariaduring the latter part of the nineteenth Century. This case study yields an interpretive sociological account of how women were portrayed in this magazine, an account that sheds light on our understanding of the construction and negotiation of religious ideologies. When I speak of “ideology,” I refer to highly articulated and explicit meaning Systems that construct and regulate patterns of conduct. “Official ideologies” are endorsed and promoted by organizational officials and/or community elites.A systematic examination ofAve Mariafrom 1865 to 1889 reveals that two-thirds of the articles reproduce some version of the official ideology of the True Catholic Woman. On the other hand, about one-third of the articles produce what I call “alternative interpretations”—“alternative” because they are critical of the limits that the official versions placed on women's character, activity, or autonomy.