bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and potential mechanism of a novel gastric cancer suppressor tRF-24- 6VR8K09LE9
Authors: Tang Yelan , Qi Qianyi , Feng Wei , Ju Shaoqing , Jing Rongrong , Zong Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
One of the most common gastrointestinal tumors is gastric cancer (GC), which has a high lethality and a poor prognosis. Traditional markers are relatively limited in detecting the development and prognosis of GC. Recently, it was discovered that mature tRNAs, which are expressed differently in a variety of malignancies, give rise to a novel class of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs).
Methods
In this study, we investigated the role of short RNAs produced from tRNA in GC and possible therapeutic uses. edgeR was used to screen the differentially expressed tsRNAs from the TCGA database and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the levels of tsRNAs in GC samples. Sanger sequencing, agarose gel electrophoresis, and freeze-thaw experiments have been utilized to assess its stability in serum samples. The association between tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 and clinicopathological features was investigated by the Chi-square test. Diagnostic effectiveness is assessed by Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, mechanistic studies were performed to explore tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 regulating the malignant progression of GC through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Results
tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 down-regulated in GC was confirmed by detecting serum samples from 114 patients with gastric cancer, 40 patients with gastritis and 100 normal controls. The Chi-square test displayed that tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 was highly related to differentiation grade (P = 0.029), T-stage (P = 0.036), lymph node status (P = 0.036), TNM staging (P < 0.0001), and neurological/vascular invasion (P = 0.033).The ROC curve indicated that tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 is more effective than the current diagnostic markers for GC. Furthermore, mechanistic studies verified that tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 affected the malignant progression of GC through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Conclusions
tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 can be served as a molecular marker for early GC auxiliary diagnosis. Over-expression of tRF-24-6VR8K09LE9 inhibits the malignant progression of GC, which may provide a new strategy for the adjuvant treatment of GC.
The characteristics of dyslipidemia among children and adolescents in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zou Yan , Huang Li-chun , Zhao Dong , He Meng-jie , Han Dan , Su Danting , Xu Peiwei , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Children with dyslipidemia may lead to early onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and even life-threatening. However, few studies have determined the characteristics of dyslipidemia among children and adolescents in Zhejiang Province, and few studies have investigated the correlations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and diet as well as sleep time. Methods This study included children and adolescents aged 6–17 years who participated in provincial nutrition surveillance, which was including 90 counties (cities and districts) in Zhejiang Province with provincial representative. Food consumption was assessed using three consecutive days of 24-h dietary recall. Blood sample were collected to detect the concentration of TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Results The prevalence of elevated TG, elevated TC, low HDL-C, elevated LDL-C and dyslipidemia was 17.1%, 10.1%, 5.5%, 4.0% and 23% among children and adolescents aged 6–17 years, respectively. TG was negatively correlated with egg intake and sleep time of study days(Spearman’s rho=-0.125, -0.057, P < 0.001). TC was positively correlated with livestock and poultry meat intake and egg intake, but negaviley correlated to legume intake (Spearman’s rho = 0.077, 0.093 and − 0.162, P < 0.001). HDL-C was positively correlated with egg intake, sleep time of study days, and sleep time of rest days, but negaviley correlated to legume intake (Spearman’s rho = 0.108, 0.065, 0.082 and − 0.119, P < 0.001). LDL-C was positively correlated with livestock and poultry meat intake and dairy intake, but negatively correlated to legume intake (Spearman’s rho = 0.131, 0.11, and − 0.118, P < 0.001). There were significant difference of TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and dyslipidemia prevalence among children with or without obesity/overweight(chiquare = 46.309, 9.836, 54.99, 30.436, and 56.631, P < 0.001). Ordinal regression shows that the gender, agegroup, Obesity/Overweight, Sleep time of study days(h) > = 8 were associated with critical /abnormal TG(χ2 = 541.619, p < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia was high among children and adolescents. Children and adolescents with obesity/overweight and with short sleep time were associated with dyslipidemia .
Explaining Multiple Types of Crash Injury Severity Predictions with Layer-wise Relevance Propagation in Multi-task Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Xiao Yuanyuan , Duan Zongtao , Lei Peiying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Accurately predicting the severity of traffic accidents is crucial for preventing them and safeguarding traffic safety. Practitioners need to understand the underlying predictive mechanisms to identify associated risk factors and develop appropriate interventions effectively. Unfortunately, existing research often falls short in predicting diverse outcomes, with some studies neglecting the latter entirely. Moreover, designing explainable deep neural networks (DNNs) is challenging, unlike traditional models, which makes it difficult to achieve explainability with DNNs that incorporate neural networks. We propose a multi-task deep neural network framework designed to predict different types of injury severity, including injury, fatality, and property damage. Our proposed approach offers a thorough and precise method for analyzing crash injury severity. Unlike black-box models, our framework can pinpoint the critical factors contributing to injury severity by employing improved layer-wise relevance propagation. Experiments on Chinese traffic accidents demonstrate that our model accurately predicts the factors associated with injury severity and surpasses existing methods. Moreover, our experiments reveal that the critical factors identified by our approach are more logical and informative compared to those provided by baseline models. Additionally, our findings can assist policymakers make more enlightened decisions when devising and implementing improvements in traffic safety.
WITHDRAWN: Implementation of Encryption Algorithms in Classical and Quantum Computing: A comparative Analysis
Authors: Akshay Jayavrinda Vrindavanam , Narayanan Anirudh , N Chandrashekar , Kamath Gaurav , R Akshay M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In the overall context of enhanced application of quantum computing into multitude of areas, the paper explores and implements classical encryption algorithms both in traditional and quantum computing environments. Towards this, the classical encryption algorithms such as Blowfish, RSA and ECC are executed in both classical and quantum environments. The result shows that the key generated in the classical hardware is limited to 64-bit as envisaged; the quantum key is generated found to be complex as the instruction set changes from classical instruction set to quantum instruction set. Further, the additional factor of randomness in quantum computing increases the security of the cipher text, which is transmitted over the internet, showing insights for practical applications.
Authenticity in Authorship: The Writer's Integrity Framework for Verifying Human-Generated Text
Authors: Aburass Sanad , Rumman Maha Abu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The "Writer's Integrity" framework introduces a paradigm shift in maintaining the sanctity of human-generated text in the realms of academia, research, and publishing. This innovative system circumvents the shortcomings of current AI detection tools by monitoring the writing process, rather than the product, capturing the distinct behavioral footprint of human authorship. Here, we offer a comprehensive examination of the framework, its development, and empirical results. We highlight its potential in revolutionizing the validation of human intellectual work, emphasizing its role in upholding academic integrity and intellectual property rights in the face of sophisticated AI models capable of emulating human-like text. This paper also discusses the implementation considerations, addressing potential user concerns regarding ease of use and privacy, and outlines a business model for tech companies to monetize the framework effectively. Through licensing, partnerships, and subscriptions, companies can cater to universities, publishers, and independent writers, ensuring the preservation of original thought and effort in written content. This framework is open source and available here, https://github.com/sanadv/Integrity.github.io
Development of a Composite Board for Ceiling Tiles from Sawdust, Waste Paper and Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate
Authors: Tekle Gebre Michealay , Tsegaw Assefa Asmare , Zelalem Yilikal Azene 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The construction industry is currently dealing with the task of finding consistent building materials. This study presents an advancement in construction materials through the development of a composite board tailored for ceiling applications. The board is engineered using waste materials by the coating method, in which sawdust and waste paper mixed with epoxy are sandwiched between two layers of recycled polyethylene terephthalate. It exhibited better properties, including a flexural strength of 4.42 MPa, minimal water absorption of 1%, low thermal conductivity, and a lightweight profile. Through a comprehensive comparative analysis of numerous composite boards studied before, the composite board emerges as the better choice across a spectrum of performance metrics. Leveraging waste materials in its formulation aligns with the principles of resource sustainability and a circular economy. The composite board's performance offered a promising solution to address environmental demands in contemporary construction practices. This highlighted the potential for waste materials to redefine the industry's landscape.
Change in Water Quality due to Unfertile Saline Soil
Authors: Ali Faraz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The unequivocal necessity of potable water for sustaining life notwithstanding, a discernible global trend indicates a worrisome deterioration in the quality of drinking water on a worldwide scale. Hence, this inquiry was undertaken to evaluate the potability of water extracted from aquifers surrounded by waterlogged soil. Ten samples were procured from hand pumps situated in the vicinity of waterlogged and saline soil, subsequently subjected to comprehensive laboratory analysis at a water testing facility. The investigation encompassed an assessment of various water quality parameters, including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, color, and odor, in accordance with WHO guidelines. Standardized methodologies were strictly adhered to for the qualitative assessment of water. The findings unveiled that several physicochemical parameters in hand pump samples from saline soil surpassed permissible thresholds. Specifically, 89% of samples exhibited chloride concentrations exceeding WHO limits. Moreover, levels of total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca), SO4 and magnesium (Mg) exceeded recommended thresholds in 45%, 67%, 68%, 44%, 31%, and 37% of groundwater samples, respectively.. Additionally, more than 67% of water samples were reported to have a bitter taste. In conclusion, the findings underscore that water in saline soil is contaminated and unsuitable for human consumption.
Current-Sensorless Robust Sliding Mode Control for the DC-DC Boost Converter
Authors: Oucheriah Said 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A current-sensorless PWM-based robust sliding mode controller is proposed for the DC-DC Boost Converter, a nonminimum phase system that presents major challenges in the design of stabilizing controllers. The development of the controller requires the measurement of the output voltage and the estimation of its derivative. An extended state observer is used to estimate a lumped uncertainty that comprises the uncertain load and input voltage and also to estimate the derivative of the output voltage. A linear sliding surface is used to derive the controller that is simple in its design and yet exhibits excellent features in term of external disturbance suppression. Its robustness is validated by computer simulations using a converter example from a recent study. Future work will be the validation of these results experimentally.
The Geometry of Language: Analyzing Input Complexity and Transformation Matrices in Large Language Models
Authors: Agnihotri Rudransh , Pandey Ankit 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the evolving landscape of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4, the effectiveness of methodologies like In-Context Learning (ICL) and the "Chain of Thought" (CoT) has been recognized for enhancing AI comprehension and interaction. These approaches align with prompt engineering principles—emphasizing clarity, role-prompting, and structured prompt design to reduce grammatical complexity and use familiar language, thus improving LLMs' interpretative accuracy and response consistency. Our study introduces a mathematical framework to conceptualize LLM parameters as transformation matrices, interpreting textual complexities into high-dimensional vector spaces. This framework helps understand how prompt structure affects LLM performance by categorizing prompts from simple to complex and examining their impact on the intrinsic dimensionality of LLMs.Findings show a direct correlation between prompt complexity and LLM intrinsic dimensionality. Simple sentences lead to lower dimensionality (11.78, 9.99, and 9.60 for models of 7B, 13B, and 33B respectively), while grammatical complexity increases it (12.08, 14.08, and 12.70), and linguistic complexity yields lower or comparable values. Oue research bridges the knowledge gap on the mechanics behind ICL and CoT's efficacy, offering strategies to optimize LLM capabilities. It provides a fresh perspective on LLM behaviors and underscore the critical role of prompt design in maximizing the potential of these powerful computational tools across various applications.
A validated reverse-phase LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of haloacetic acids in drinking water: supporting the transition from HAA5 to HAA9
Authors: Grundy Polly L. , Jarvis Peter R. , Jefferson Bruce , Fawell John , Haley John A. , Goslan Emma H. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are potentially toxic by-products formed from interactions between organic matter and chlorine during disinfection of drinking water, with brominated HAAs forming when bromide is present. Some countries require monitoring of drinking water for five HAAs, but there is increasing health concern related to the more toxic brominated HAAs and monitoring of nine HAAs (HAA9) is becoming more widespread. However, existing methods of analysis for HAA9 are often sub-optimal, involving complex derivatisation steps and/or long analytical run times. This article presents an improved methodology utilising reverse-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for which sample preparation involves simple pH adjustment and the analytical run takes 10 min. The efficacy of the method was demonstrated by a full validation across four drinking water matrices with good sensitivity (&lt;0.8 μg/L), precision (&lt;7%), and bias (&lt;10%) observed. A direct comparison using real water samples was performed against the widely used existing gas chromatography method. The new LC-MS/MS method was significantly quicker and easier and demonstrated improved performance in terms of accuracy and precision. This has implications for understanding the risk posed by HAAs in chlorinated water by eliminating the possible historical under-estimates of the levels of the more toxic brominated compounds.
Daily reservoir inflow prediction using stacking ensemble of machine learning algorithms
Authors: Deb Deepjyoti , Arunachalam Vasan , Raju K. Srinivasa 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to evaluate the potentiality of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), and Random Forest (RF) for predicting daily inflows to the Sri Ram Sagar Project (SRSP), Telangana, India. Inputs to the model are rainfall, evaporation, time lag inflows, and climate indices. Seven combinations (S1–S7) of inputs were made. Fifteen and a half years of data were considered, out of which 11 years were used for training. Hyperparameter tuning is performed with the Tree-Structured Parzen Estimator. The performance of the algorithms is assessed using Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE). Results indicate that Bi-LSTM with combination S7 performed better than others, as evident from KGE values of 0.92 and 0.87 during the training and testing, respectively. Furthermore, the Stacking Ensemble Mechanism (SEM) has also been employed to ascertain its efficacy over other chosen algorithms, resulting in KGE values of 0.94 and 0.89 during training and testing. It has also been able to simulate peak inflow events satisfactorily. Thus, SEM is a better alternative for reservoir inflow predictions.
Characterization and applicability of the Naima–Tiaret–Algeria illite-montmorillonite clay for methylene blue dye removal: adsorption kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Mohamed Taibi , Nadjia Laouedj , Abdelkader Dellal , Abdelkader Elaziouti , Abderrahmane Belghazi , Bilal Zorgi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

An illite-montmorillonite clay from Naima, IMN (Algeria) was treated via physical and chemical treatment (TIMN) and investigated for the removal of methylene blue. IMN and TIMN clays were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, DSC-TG, FTIR and DC electrical conductivity methods. To analyze the sorption behavior of MB on the clays, a mechanistic model for interpreting the sorption data was developed. IMN clay revealed high sorption capacity (1.925 × 10−2 kg kg−1) for MB in 60 min. The pseudo-second-order model had a very good agreement to describe the MB adsorption process. The adsorption capacities, qe,exp, of 4.327 × 10−2 and 4.914 × 10−2 kg kg−1 for IMN and TIMN, respectively, were obtained. The free energy from the D–R model from adsorbing MB using IMN and TIMN ranged from 1.581 to 0.745 × 10−3J mol−1, respectively, suggesting that the process is physisorption. Besides, the sorption process was more sensible to temperatures that increase was beyond 40 °C causing a decrease in adsorption capacity, indicating that the adsorption reaction of MB onto IMN was exothermic. The adsorption mechanism of I/M clay to remove MB was likely based on hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, cation exchange and n–π interaction. These results proved that TIMN was a promising adsorbent for removing MB from simulated wastewater.
Adaptation of trend analysis over a small-scale region for assessing climate change parameters
Authors: P Vincent , Baanu Bharani , U Brindha , C Ananth , K Jeyasubramanian 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Several natural and anthropogenic activities mainly escalate the demand for water and food and develop implications for their availability. Hence, it is necessary to analyse the natural and man-made changes for managing resources precisely. This study focuses on assessing the trends of climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature using the Mann–Kendall (MK) test and innovative trend analysis (ITA) for the agricultural cropping seasons. The findings revealed that a statistically insignificant increasing trend in rainfall is observed for all three cropping seasons (i.e.) Kuruvai/Samba (June–September), Thaladi/Navarai (October–January), and Sornavari (February–May), while the mean temperature shows a significantly increasing trend for all three cropping seasons. The results obtained using the MK test are compared with those of the ITA test to identify the reliable trend technique for climatic factor analysis of small regions. To manage the impacts of climate change and develop sustainable conditions in agriculture, this micro-level study assists the decision makers to prefer suitable trend analysis techniques and helps in identifying the climate change adaptation strategies for small regions. Also, this study is helpful for rural farmers to increase their adaptability conditions with regard to the climate change impacts as they are the frontline victims of climate change.
Experimental study of the effect of rectangular debris blockage on the scour hole development around a cylindrical bridge pier
Authors: Khalili Ali Mahdian , Hamidi Mehdi , Dadamahalleh Pouria Akbari 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Studying the influences of the debris settled by the flood upstream of the bridge pier on the scour is important. In the present study, experimental tests were performed as four models including the bridge pier, the bridge pier with buried debris, the bridge pier with the free debris, and the bridge pier with free debris and the bed sill with the downstream gap equal to 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 times of pier diameter. The results showed that buried debris increased the maximum length of the scour hole (ls), and the maximum width of the scour hole (ws) by about 50, and 180% respectively in comparison with the alone pier. It resulted that buried debris has a more increased effect than free debris. Free debris at low submergence ratios reduces ls by up to 27%, and in high submergence ratios increases it by up to 37%. Also, free debris increases ws in all submergence ratios, which is by up to 127% for the critical case compared to the case without debris. At all distances, the bed sill reduces ls and ws, and the best performance for reducing ls and ws is when it is attached to the bridge pier.
Kardynał Stefan Wyszyński prekursorem reformy i odnowy liturgii w Kościele posoborowym w Polsce
Authors: Janiec Zdzisław 
Published: April 2024

Sobór Watykański II zapoczątkował dzieło reformy i odnowy liturgii w Kościele powszechnym. W posoborowy trend włączył się Kościół w Polsce z kard. Stefanem Wyszyńskim. Stąd jemu został poświęcony niniejszy tekst, którego problem streszcza się w pytaniach: na ile prymas Wyszyński jest prekursorem reformy i odnowy liturgii w Kościele posoborowym w Polsce i jaki jest jego wkład w to dzieło?
Referat ustrukturyzowany został w formie tryptyku. W pierwszej części prymas Wyszyński został ukazany jako wzorowy liturg i kompetentny liturgista. Druga część prezentuje realizację reformy liturgicznej, zaś trzecia – dokonania w dziedzinie odnowy liturgicznej. W opracowaniu tekstu posłużono się metodą analizy tekstów i syntezy.
Niniejsze studium przedstawia prymasa Polski jako zasłużonego prekursora reformy i odnowy liturgii Kościoła w Polsce. Ukazuje jego cenny wkład w to dzieło, które do dziś stanowi trwałą podstawę religijnej kultury katolickiego społeczeństwa.