bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of a novel porcine pestivirus with potential for cross-species transmission in China, 2023
Authors: Deng Li-shuang , Xu Tong , Xu Zhi-wen , Zhu Ling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pestiviruses, RNA viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, have a broad host range. Their pathogenicity varies greatly and they have caused significant economic losses in animal husbandry. In this study, a novel pestivirus, porcine abortion-associated pestivirus (PAAPeV), was isolated from pigs in China in 2023. Clinically, PAAPeV causes abortions in sows and leads to congenital tremors and death in piglets. PAAPeV replicates efficiently in ST cells. Morphologically, PAAPeV virions are spherical particles with a diameter of approximately 80 nm. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that PAAPeV is closely related to Wenzhou Pipistrellus abramus pestivirus and clusters into a distinct branch, suggesting that it represents a new species: Pestivirus chinensis. Animal experiments demonstrated that PAAPeV-infected piglets and mice exhibit significant histopathological changes. In piglets, histopathological examination revealed myocarditis, hepatitis, glial vacuolation and cerebrovascular inflammation. In mice, findings included hepatic monocyte aggregation, glomerular atrophy, pulmonary edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and capillary dilation. Viremia has been detected in both piglets and mice, with high viral genome loads found in various organs. In vitro results revealed that PAAPeV replicates in ST cells and, to a lesser extent, in human (A549 and HepG2) and monkey (Vero) cells. Overall, PAAPeV infects both pigs and mice and has the potential to infect other mammals, indicating its ability for cross-species transmission. This poses significant risks to the pig industry and public health. Strengthening monitoring and prevention efforts for PAAPeV is crucial. Our findings greatly increase the understanding of pestivirus diversity and its broader pathogen spectrum.
Comprehensive landscape and oncogenic role of extrachromosomal circular DNA in malignant biliary strictures
Authors: Cheng Zhuo , Luo Xuanmei , Liu Wenzheng , Lu Xiaofang , Chang Hong , Wang Yingchun , Zheng Wei , Yan Xiue , Huang Yonghui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is crucial for carcinogenesis and bile has direct contact with malignant biliary strictures, yet eccDNA features in bile and its function in malignant biliary strictures remain underexplored.

Results
We observed the widespread presence of eccDNA in bile and systematically profiled the landscape of bile cell-free eccDNA (bcf-eccDNA). For functional exploration, a simple and efficient workflow was designed to synthesize large eccDNA particularly containing multiple regions. Compared with the noncancer group, bcf-eccDNAs in the cancer group had different origins and larger sizes with six characteristic peaks. These peaks were also identified in the validation cohort (100%). There were more bcf-eccDNA carrying LINC00598 or CELF2 in malignant biliary strictures, showing potential diagnostic performance in training and validation cohorts (all AUCs > 0.9). Bcf-eccDNAs carried cancer-related mutations, which could guide treatment. EccDNA carrying miR-106a/363 cluster or miR-374b/421 cluster were proven to regulate cancer gene expression, accelerate tumor proliferation, and inhibit tumor apoptosis.

Conclusions
This study profiles a comprehensive bcf-eccDNA landscape in patients with biliary strictures and offers valuable insights into eccDNA's role in bile liquid biopsy and carcinogenesis.
Soil organic carbon contents and their major influencing factors in mangrove tidal flats: a comparison between estuarine and non-estuarine areas
Authors: Wu Ting , Guo Jia , Li Gang , Jin Yu , Zhao Wei , Lin Guangxuan , Luo Fang-Li , Zhu Yaojun , Jia Yifei , Wen Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Unvegetated tidal flats of mangrove ecosystems in estuarine and non-estuarine areas play a crucial role in the coastal blue carbon sinks and biogeochemical cycle. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) contents in mangrove tidal flats between estuarine and non-estuarine areas, as well as their influencing factors.

Methods
In this study, soil samples were collected from estuarine and non-estuarine mangrove tidal flats in the Leizhou Peninsula. We compared the SOC and soil physicochemical properties between estuarine and non-estuarine mangrove tidal flats. The Random Forest algorithm was employed to identify the main influencing factors affecting SOC. The direct and indirect effects of the main influencing factors on SOC were studied using partial least squares structural equation modeling.

Results
SOC, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available potassium (AK), clay, silt, aluminum (Al), lithium (Li), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo), and cadmium (Cd) contents in the estuarine areas were significantly higher than those in the non-estuarine areas of the mangrove tidal flats. The soil particle size (clay, silt, and sand), soil nutrient (TN and TP), and soil metal elements (Al, Mo, and Cd) were the main influencing factors of the SOC contents in the estuarine and non-estuarine mangrove tidal flat areas. Soil particle size (clay, silt, and sand) indirectly positively influenced SOC contents by positively influencing soil nutrient (TN and TP).

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that estuarine tidal flats have higher capacity of SOC sequestration compared with non-estuarine tidal flats. The main cause is that soil particle size has the potential to significantly increase SOC content by increasing soil nutrients, while metal elements have a direct influence on SOC content. The findings of the present study highlight an important mechanism that influences SOC contents in estuarine and non-estuarine mangrove tidal flats.
Can nebulised heparin reduce acute lung injury in patients with SARS‑CoV‑2 requiring advanced respiratory support in Ireland: the CHARTER‑Ireland phase Ib/IIa, randomised, parallel-group, open-label study
Authors: Cosgrave David , McNicholas Bairbre , Hanley Ciara , Sheehan John Robert , Calpin Padraig , Kernan Maeve , Murphy Darragh , Alvarez‑Iglesias Alberto , Ferguson John , Giacomini Camilla , Greene Christine , Cody Catriona , McGeary Shane , Murphy Marion , Fitzgerald Marianne , Curley Gerard , Dixon Barry , Smith Roger J. , Masterson Claire , O’Toole Daniel , van Haren Frank , Laffey John G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Nebulised unfractionated heparin may attenuate COVID-19 ARDS by reducing pulmonary microvascular thrombosis, blocking SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells, and decreasing lung inflammation. COVID-19 patients with a raised d-dimer have areas of pulmonary hypoperfusion on CT perfusion scans of the lung and have increased mortality risk.

Methods
This was a phase Ib/IIa open-label multi-centre, randomised controlled trial. The study was designed to evaluate whether nebulised unfractionated heparin decreased d-dimer concentrations, with safety as a co-primary outcome.

Results
Forty patients were recruited, with 20 patients into each group. Mean age was 56.6 (SD 11.5) in the heparin group and 51.3 (SD 14.7) in the standard care group, while 60% of participants were male. There was no change in d-dimers from baseline to day 10 (heparin group mean change − 316.5, [SD 1840.3] and control group mean change − 321.7 [SD 3589.4]; p = 0.996). Fourteen patients suffered at least one serious adverse event, 9 patients the Heparin group and 5 in the control group. Eight patients had one or more bleeding events, 5 in the heparin group and 3 in the control group, but were no cases of pulmonary bleeding, of severe haemorrhage or of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Patients receiving heparin therapy had lower PaO2/FiO2 ratios, increased oxygenation indices, and decreased ROX index profiles, up to day 10. The time to separation from respiratory support, and the time to ICU or hospital discharge was similar in both groups. There were 3 deaths in the Heparin group and 2 in the control group.

Conclusions
Nebulised unfractionated heparin was safe and well tolerated, but did not reduce d-dimer concentrations, and worsened oxygenation indices in patients with COVID-19 ARDS.
Advancements in cold spraying for polymer matrix composites: enhanced LSP and EMI shielding performance — review and future directions
Authors: Karahan Bugra , Ozdemir Ismail , Grund Thomas , Hanisch Niclas , Lampke Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) have emerged as critical materials in lightweight engineering applications due to their excellent mechanical properties and design versatility. However, their inherent limitations in electrical and thermal conductivity necessitate metallization, particularly for applications such as lightning strike protection (LSP) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. Cold spraying, a low-temperature metallization technique, addresses the shortcomings of conventional methods by enabling the deposition of dense, oxide-free, and highly conductive coatings with minimal damage to the composite substrate. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advancements in metallization techniques, with a focus on cold spraying, to enhance the electrical and thermal performance of PMCs for LSP and EMI shielding. The combination of PMCs with conductive materials presents an innovative approach to achieving lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and efficient LSP and EMI shielding solutions, offering significant advancements in surface functionalization. Future research directions include the exploration of hybrid metallization strategies and the integration of cold spraying with additive manufacturing, highlighting their potential to create multifunctional and high-performance PMC-based systems. Additionally, emerging trends such as novel or smart materials, optimization of cold spray processes through advanced modeling, and the translation of these innovations into industrial applications are discussed.
Preimplantation aneuploidy screening using embryonic cell-free DNA isolated from spent culture medium: a case report
Authors: Khudari Lama , Halabi Marwan , Al Fahoum Sahar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Chromosomal aberrations are frequent in human embryos and can be identified during IVF by performing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A). Therefore, this study presents a case report highlighting the application of embryonic cell-free DNA isolated from spent culture medium for preimplantation aneuploidy screening.

Case presentation
This case report elucidates the potential use of non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) as a valuable resource for couples facing infertility challenges. By using PGT-A, these couples can assess the genetic health of embryos before implantation, thereby increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy through assisted reproductive technologies.

Conclusions
PGT-A, an innovative technique using embryonic cell-free DNA isolated from a spent culture medium, offers a non-invasive and effective method for assessing chromosomal aberrations in embryos. It has the potential to enhance preimplantation genetic testing and support medically personalized embryo selection.
Effect of instant ear domes on real-ear gain
Authors: Attia Salma Samy , Kozou Hesham , Elmoazen Doaa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
As instant ear domes are the most commonly used fittings for RIC hearing aids and are available in standard sizes and shapes which may include vents, this study was designed to assess the acoustics of these different types of domes by estimating the insertion loss and vent effect of each using real-ear measurements to make the right fitting choice.

Methods
The study included 30 normal hearing individuals. REM procedures specifically insertion loss and vent effect measurements were obtained using Affinity 2.0 Interacoustics while using five types of domes: open, tulip, Bass 1 vent, Bass 2 vent, and double dome. The subjective occlusion rating of each dome was assessed as well.

Results
The instant ear domes are arranged from least occluding (lowest insertion loss, highest vent effect, lowest subjective rating score) to most occluding (highest insertion loss, lowest vent effect, highest subjective rating score) as follows: open dome, tulip dome, and bass group which showed no significant difference between 1 and 2 vents and lastly double dome. Results showed high variability.

Conclusions
Instant domes with larger vent whether a single large diameter or sum of several diameters vent have lowest insertion loss, highest vent effect and lowest score in subjective occlusion ratings, and vice versa. Individualized real-ear measurement should be considered for best fitting outcome.
Pancreaticopleural fistula: a rare cause of recurrent right-sided pleural effusion
Authors: K. Mithun Nilgiri , Rangankar Varsha P. , P. Shaily K. , Sahasrabudhe Tushar R. , Orakkan Rishi Govind 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is an uncommon and dangerous complication of pancreatic disease and can lead to significant morbidity due to the presence of pleural effusion usually on the left side. PPF is an abnormal communication between the pancreatic duct and the pleural cavity, which occurs in patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic pseudocysts.

Case presentation
This case report chronicles an unusual presentation of PPF in a male in his 60 s, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and the critical need for early recognition and appropriate management. The diagnosis was confirmed through a comprehensive diagnostic workup, including imaging studies and pleural fluid analysis. The patient was successfully managed with a combination of chest tube drainage, Octreotide therapy, and endoscopic intervention.

Conclusion
Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) should be considered a possible diagnosis in patients who present with an unexplained recurrent pleural effusion and have a history of pancreatic illness.
Endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with residual type B aortic dissection utilizing iliac branch endoprosthesis: a case report
Authors: Kumagai Kunitaka , Kishimoto Yuichiro , Onohara Takeshi , Nii Rikuto , Sumi Naoki , Kishimoto Nozomi , Ikeda Yosuke , Yoshikawa Yuki , Yamane Kazuma , Yoshikawa Yasushi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Iliac branch endoprosthesis (IBE) can preserve the internal iliac artery. Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms associated with residual type B aortic dissection has been rarely reported, and IBE has not been utilized in any of the reported cases. Herein, we describe a rare case of EVAR using IBE for an abdominal aortic aneurysm and a common iliac artery aneurysm associated with residual type B aortic dissection after thoracoabdominal aortic replacement.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old man underwent conservative treatment for acute type B aortic dissection 5 years ago. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed type B aortic dissection and a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, an abdominal aortic aneurysm, and an aneurysm in the right common iliac artery. Since the patient had a concomitant right common iliac artery aneurysm and reconstructing the right iliac artery would have been difficult in a one-stage operation, a two-stage surgical strategy for thoracoabdominal and abdominal aortic graft replacement, separately, was designed. Thoracoabdominal aortic graft replacement from the proximal descending aorta to the infrarenal abdominal aorta was performed using a triplex 24-mm prosthesis (Terumo Aortic, Inchinnan, UK) without any problem. We recommended abdominal aortic graft replacement; however, he preferred EVAR over abdominal aortic graft replacement. The risk of spinal cord ischemia was a concern because a conventional EVAR would require embolizing the right internal iliac artery. Therefore, EVAR was performed with IBE to preserve the right internal iliac artery. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no spinal cord injury was observed. Follow-up CT showed no enlargement of the aneurysms 1 year postoperatively.

Conclusions
Despite anatomic limitations, EVAR for abdominal aortic and common iliac artery aneurysms associated with residual aortic dissection after thoracoabdominal aortic graft replacement can be safely performed by embolizing the branch to the false lumen and using IBE.
Hormonal Contraceptives and Athletic Outcomes - analysis of potential effects of oral contraceptives on strength, endurance, mood, and overall competitive results
Authors: Lewandowska Dominika , Rosińska-Lewandoska Dominika , Strep Dominika , Podraza Anna , Grabowska Julia , Kwiatkowski Maciej , Romańczyk Patryk , Białczak Julia , Kanownik Weronika , Rosiński Jakub 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Hormonal contraceptives, particularly oral contraceptives (OC), are commonly used by female athletes to regulate menstrual cycles, manage hormonal fluctuations, and prevent unwanted pregnancies. With an increasing number of women competing at elite levels, a central question emerges: can OC use influence key aspects of performance—such as strength, endurance, and mood stability—and thereby affect competitive outcomes?
Analysis of the Literature
Findings regarding the impact of OC on athletic outcomes remain inconsistent. Some investigators report slight reductions in muscle strength and cardiorespiratory capacity, possibly linked to hormonal shifts or metabolic alterations. Others note minimal or negligible changes, pointing to variables such as training volume, sport-specific demands, and the athlete’s inherent physiological profile. Additionally, certain studies underscore potential mood-related benefits, including more stable emotional states that might support training compliance. These varying conclusions highlight the multifactorial nature of OC use, emphasizing the importance of personalization and monitoring to capture individual responses.
Conclusions
Overall, the relationship between oral contraceptive use and athletic performance is complex and appears to be highly individualized. While some athletes may observe modest shifts in physical or psychological parameters, others remain largely unaffected. Further, well-controlled research is needed to clarify these effects, enabling more targeted guidance for both athletes and healthcare professionals.
Análise de permeabilidade de máscaras desenvolvidas para enfrentamento de emergências e desastres biológicos: pesquisa laboratorial
Authors: Risi Lisandra Rodrigues , Carmo Annibal José Roris Rodriguez Scavarda do , Wongchai Anupong , Khan Shahadat , Bernardes Margarida Maria Rocha , Oliveira Alexandre Barbosa de 
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: analisar permeabilidade do ar de máscaras desenvolvidas para enfrentamento de emergências biológicas. Método: estudo laboratorial, com testes de modelos de máscaras de tecido com inserção de elemento filtrante em celulose (LisLu20®), confeccionados durante pandemia do coronavírus tipo-2, máscaras cirúrgicas descartáveis, PFF2/N95, e máscaras domésticas em algodão. Análises realizadas em maio e junho de 2020, de acordo com norma ASTM D 737:2018. Resultados: realizados seis ensaios para dez unidades de cada máscara. LisLu20® (a) - duas camadas: 8,6 cm³/s/cm²; LisLu20® (b) - três camadas tipo asiática: 6,2 cm³/s/cm²; LisLu20® (c) - três camadas tipo PFF2/N95: 4,8 cm³/s/cm²; máscara cirúrgica descartável: 18,0 cm³/s/cm²; máscara PFF2/N95: 10,2 cm³/s/cm²; máscara de malha de algodão: 31,1 cm³/s/cm². Conclusão: máscaras LisLu20® realizaram barreira física e com método de prevenção/redução de riscos para infecções respiratórias Produto doméstico, barato e sustentável, serviu de apoio emergencial complementar para reduzir os impactos da escassez de máscaras cirúrgicas descartáveis.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of romosozumab for severe postmenopausal osteoporosis at very high risk of fracture in Mexico
Authors: Diaz Martinez Juan Pablo , Aubry de Maraumont Therese , Natty Sánchez Elly , Camacho Cordero Luis Miguel , Yeh Eric 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
This study aims to assess the cost effectiveness of romosozumab versus teriparatide, both sequenced to denosumab, for the treatment of severe postmenopausal osteoporosis at very high risk of fractures in Mexican women.

Methods
A Markov model was used to assess the relative cost effectiveness of 1 year of romosozumab versus 2 years of teriparatide, both sequenced to denosumab for a total treatment duration of 5 years. Outcomes for a cohort of women with a mean age of 74 years, a T-score ≤-2.5 and a previous fragility fracture were simulated over a lifetime horizon. The analysis was conducted from the perspective of the Mexican healthcare system and used a discount rate of 5% per annum. To inform relative fracture incidence, the bone mineral density (BMD) advantage of romosozumab over teriparatide was translated into relative risks of fracture, using relationships provided by a meta-regression of osteoporosis therapy trials. Outcomes were assessed in terms of lifetime costs (2023 Mexican pesos), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and life-years gained (LYs).

Results
Base case results showed that, compared with teriparatide/ denosumab, romosozumab/ denosumab reduced costs by $51,363 MXN per patient and yielded 0.03 additional QALYs and 0.01 LYs. Scenario analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed that results are robust to uncertainty in model assumptions and inputs.

Conclusions
Results show that romosozumab/ denosumab produces greater health benefits at a lower total cost than teriparatide/ denosumab.
Evaluación de siete programas bioinformáticos para el análisis terciario de datos genómicos generados a partir de la secuenciación del exoma completo en un grupo piloto de pacientes
Authors: Bastida-Lertxundi Nerea , Martí-Carrera Itxaso , Laña-Ruíz Borja , Martínez-Múgica Barbosa Otilia , Muguerza-Iraola Raquel , Sáez-Villaverde Raquel , Crettaz Julien S. 
Published: February 2025

Resumen

Objetivos
Evaluar siete programas bioinformáticos de priorización y clasificación automática que utilizan algoritmos de inteligencia artificial.

Métodos
Se evaluaron 24 variantes genéticas que explicaran el fenotipo de 20 pacientes. Los archivos FASTQ se cargaron paralelamente en los siguientes programas bioinformáticos: Emedgene, eVai, Varsome Clinical, CentoCloud, y QIAGEN Clinical Insight (QCI) Interpret, SeqOne y Franklin. Para la priorización y clasificación automática, se utilizó el fenotipo de los pacientes, introduciéndolo en los programas mediante términos HPO. La clasificación de referencia se estableció siguiendo los criterios y recomendaciones de las guías clínicas de la American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) and Genomics, Association of Molecular Pathology y ACMG/ClinGen.

Resultados
SeqOne tuvo el mejor rendimiento en priorización, colocando 19 de 24 variantes en el Top 1, cuatro en el Top 5 y una en el Top 15, seguido por CentoCloud y Franklin. QCI Interpret no priorizó seis variantes y no detectó una, Emedgene no priorizó una y no detectó otra, y Varsome Clinical no priorizó cuatro variantes. Franklin clasificó correctamente el 75 % de las variantes evaluadas, seguido por Varsome Clinical (67 %) y QCI Interpret (63 %).

Conclusiones
Respecto a la priorización automática, tanto SeqOne, CentoCloud, como Franklin realizaron una priorización automática de calidad, priorizando todas las variantes. En cuanto a la clasificación automática, Franklin mostró mayor concordancia con la referencia y menos discordancias con implicación clínica. Como conclusión final, Franklin parece ser actualmente el programa con mejor rendimiento global, pero se requieren más estudios para confirmar estos resultados.