bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The governance of partnerships and a strategic network
Authors: Kohtamäki Marko , Vesalainen Jukka , Varamäki Elina , Vuorinen Tero 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the effects of the customer company governance into supplier actors' experiences.Design/methodology/approachComparative case study of four strategic networks and 16 partnerships. Research approach is twofold: in the first phase of analysis, the governance concerning each partnership is analyzed. In the second phase, the supplier actors' experiences are analyzed in the context of the customer governance. Data of this research consist of 13 customer and 16 supplier interviews.FindingsFirst, the analysis showed that the strong use of authority in the situation of a dependent supplier and a committed actor leads to a negative experience of unreasonableness. Second, in the same situation, high social governance, with other mechanisms used only weakly, leads to a highly positive experience of reasonableness. Third, in intermediately governed partnerships, the supplier actors are basically satisfied with the partnership, but discuss and to some degree question the nature of the relationship as a partnership.Research limitations/implicationsOn the basis of this research it is suggested that a deeper and longitudinal study of the effects of supplier actors' experiences should be conducted.Practical implicationsCustomers should develop a conscious network strategy, as it is suggested that governance effects on the experiences could further affect suppliers' commitment, loyalty and learning.Originality/valueA new research setting within the new institutional theory, which adds value by discussing the relationship between the customer governance and supplier actors' experience.
Management decision making, ethical issues and “emotional” intelligence
Authors: Holian Rosalie 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to update and expand a model described in a previous paper by the author (Holian, 2002), which categorised practices, skills and preferences of practising managers and management consultants.Design/methodology/approachA case study and qualitative interviews provided the data used as the basis for development of a model of ethical decision‐making behaviour.FindingsThis paper extends the previous work to include a mode of “Narcissism” as a further category of behaviour. It builds on the analysis and application of findings from the previous original research study, discusses links with research on “emotional intelligence”, and describes applications to management practice and management education.Research limitations/implicationsA model with five modes of ethical decision making and four sets of associated skills is presented and discussed.Practical implicationsThis paper includes practical implications for managers, consultants and management educators.Originality/valueThe model described is based on original research. The suggested links with “emotional intelligence” are also not yet explored in the literature.
Generic strategies after two decades: a reconceptualization of competitive strategy
Authors: Parnell John A. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeCurrent RBV‐grounded research has provided keen and valuable insight into the business‐strategy‐performance relationship. However, the accompanying shift away from the continued refinement of generic business strategy typologies has left a number of research opportunities uncultivated. This paper seeks to demonstrate how the generic strategy approach to strategy formulation can be applied today, especially in the development of parsimonious, prescriptive, and relevant tools for strategic managers.Design/methodology/approachA new business strategy typology is developed and grounded in recent developments in the literature and in business practice.FindingsBuilding on Porter's low cost‐differentiation framework, this paper integrates research founded on the resource‐based view of the firm, and proposes value and market control as the two prominent overarching factors in business strategies.Practical implicationsThe framework proposed in this paper incorporates several research perspectives, but can also be applied by strategic managers when assessing firm and competitor strategies at the business level.Originality/valueThis paper builds on previous work in the field, but proposes an original framework for assessing and evaluating competitive strategies.
Prevalence of dieting, overweight, body image satisfaction and associated psychological problems in adolescent boys
Authors: Bener Abdulbari , Kamal Abdulaziz , Tewfik Ihab , Sabuncuoglu Osman 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe aim of the present study is to examine the severity of dieting and its association with obesity, body satisfaction and psychological problems in adolescent boys.Design/methodology/approachA representative sample of 800 boys in the age group of 14–19 in Qatar was approached during the period from October to December, 2004 and 593 boys gave consent to participate in this study, thus giving a response rate of 74.1 per cent. Self‐reports were obtained from 593 teenage boys using the adolescent dieting scale (ADS), and the self‐reporting questionnaire (SRQ‐20) for psychopathology.FindingsOf the studied subjects, 33.1 per cent were overweight, 10.1 per cent were extreme dieters and 37.4 per cent were intermediate dieters. Among the dieters, 34 per cent were overweight. Dieting was more likely in subjects who practiced exercise and who were perceived by peers or themselves as overweight. The extreme dieters experienced more psychological problems than the intermediate dieters and non‐dieters. Extreme dieters reported sleeping problems (58.3 per cent), tired all the time (53.3 per cent) and felt like crying more than usual (50 per cent). Television was the main source of information on diet (61.7 per cent).Originality/valueThe present study findings provide a strong evidence for the association between frequent dieting and overweight, body image dissatisfaction and psychological problems.
Habitual dietary calcium intake and body weight in 7–10 year old children
Authors: Jennings Amy , Costarelli V. , Davies G.J. , Dettmar P.W. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeSeveral recent observational studies detected inverse associations between dietary calcium intake and body weight. It was demonstrated that low calcium diets lead to an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations, which in turn act to promote body fat deposition, reduce lipolysis and reduce thermogenesis. Most of the studies have been conducted on adults, however, it was recently demonstrated that longitudinal calcium intake is negatively associated with children's body fat levels. The purpose of the current study is to investigate possible associations between habitual calcium intake and body weight in a group of 7–10 years old children.Design/methodology/approachEighty‐five children, 21 boys and 64 girls (mean age: 9.2±0.9) were recruited from 12 primary schools in the London area. Dietary intake was measured using the 7‐day weighed inventory method. Body weight and height measurements were also recorded.FindingsData suggested that girls have significantly lower intakes of calcium than boys and that 48 per cent of boys and 38 per cent of girls were overweight (above the 91st centile). However, there were no significant correlations between body weight or body mass index (BMI) and habitual intake of dietary calcium in this age group, which is in contrast with the results of similar studies conducted in adults.Originality/valueOne explanation could be that the possible effect of calcium on adiposity and body weight is more pronounced in adulthood than in childhood. It is important for future studies to measure levels of body fat in children together with body weight in conjunction with calcium intake in order to elucidate the original hypothesis.
Nutritional knowledge and dietary intakes of young professional football players
Authors: Murphy Sue , Jeanes Yvonne 
Published: September 2006

PurposeTo determine how nutritional knowledge and residential status influences the diets of a group of young professional football players and compare them to controls of the same age.Design/methodology/approachSeven day dietary records and nutritional knowledge questionnaires were analyzed and anthropometric measurements were taken mid‐way through the competitive season.FindingsThe football players, with a mean body mass index of 23.6 ± 1.2 kg m2 and body fat of 15.3 ± 3 per cent were significantly lighter than the controls. They also consumed significantly fewer calories than the controls (10.26 + 1.8 v. 13.89 + 0.7 MJ per day), and less than the recommended amounts for soccer players. Both groups could benefit from increasing their carbohydrate intakes, although fat and protein intakes were appropriate. Nutritional knowledge had little impact on dietary intakes. However, players who resided in the soccer club hostels had significantly greater energy intakes, consumed more carbohydrate and less fat (p < 0.05) than players who lived in their parental home.Originality/valueIt was identified that youth players require assistance in the implementation of their knowledge of nutrition to their own diets. In particular they need to increase their nutritional intakes inline with recommendations, in order to optimize their playing ability and provide the energy they need for growth. This is particularly true for those who live away from the scrutiny of the football club.
Probiotic acidophilus milk for infants and children
Authors: Sarkar S. , Misra A.K. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe objective of the present investigation is to evaluate the effect of incorporation of Bifidobacterium bifidum NDRI and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii MTCC 1371 along with Leuconostoc acidophilus R on the technological and dietetic behaviour of starter cultures and to assess their suitability for the manufacture of probiotic acidophilus milk for infant feeding.Design/methodology/approachThe paper assesses the effect of incorporation of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii MTCC 1371 and Bifidobacterium bifidum NDRI with Lactobacillus acidophilus R on the technological and dietetic characteristics and their suitability for the manufacture of probiotic acidophilus milk.FindingsBased upon the results of technological and dietetic characteristics of starter cultures, conjugated use of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii MTCC 1371 and Bifidobacterium bifidum NDRI with Lactobacillus acidophilus R, inoculated at 1 per cent level individually and incubated at 37±1°C for 12 h, is recommended for the manufacture of probiotic acidophilus milk with better nutritional and therapeutic properties. Probiotic acidophilus milk may be recommended for feeding normal as well as lactose‐intolerant infants.Originality/valueThe paper offers an assessment of the suitability of probiotic acidophilus milk for infant feeding.
Aqueous dispersions of gelled collagen particles. Part 2: numerical technique for tribological properties
Authors: Stefani F. , Ferrari A. , Beruto D.T. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeTo propose a new numerical elastohydrodynamic (EHD) analysis method suited to cinematic pairs lubricated with aqueous dispersions of collagen gelled media.Design/methodology/approachIn comparison with traditional lubricants, these media are characterized by an apparent viscosity that increases with film thickness. Hence, the Reynolds equation has been numerically solved taking into account the new rheological law. The apparent viscosity of 4 percent collagen gel dispersions, as measured at a fixed shear rate of 100 l/s, is in the range 2‐5 Pa s, when film thickness varies between 20 and 200 μm. These experimental data have been fitted using a power law. The proposed analysis method has been applied to a 180° partial bearing, which rigid journal rotates in a flexible sleeve, made up by a resin shell.FindingsThe results of this tribological analysis have been compared with those concerning traditional isoviscous fluids which viscosity has been set equal to the viscosity of the gelled media when the film thickness is constant, i.e. in the unloaded bearing. The minimum film thickness calculated has been turned out equal to 66.8 μm in the former case, and 27.6 μm in the latter case. Furthermore, when the cinematic pair is lubricated with the aqueous gel media, film thickness distribution over the bearing surface is more uniform, active film region is wider and, consequently, peak pressure is lower than when the isoviscous lubricant is employed.Research limitations/implicationsFor lightly loaded journal bearings, the dependence between apparent viscosity and the shear rate in the lubricant film has been neglected, so that the apparent viscosity has been considered changing only with the film thickness.Originality/valueThe paper introduces a new numerical EHD analysis method for use with cinematic pairs lubricated with aqueous dispersions of collagen gelled media.
Dynamic characteristics of finite slider bearings lubricated with a non‐Newtonian power‐law fluid
Authors: Lin Jaw‐Ren , Chou Tsu‐Liang , Ho Ming‐Hsiung 
Published: September 2006

PurposeOn the basis of the power‐law fluid model, the rheological effects of an isothermal incompressible non‐Newtonian laminar lubricating film on the steady and dynamic characteristics of finite slider bearings are presented in the absence of fluid inertia and cavitation.Design/methodology/approachTo account for the motion that the pad undergoes prescribed small‐amplitude oscillations in a direction perpendicular to itself, the non‐Newtonian dynamic Reynolds equation including the squeezing‐action effect is obtained. Both the steady pressure and the perturbed pressure are numerically solved and used to evaluate the steady‐state performance and dynamic characteristics.FindingsAccording to the results, higher steady load‐carrying capacity, dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients are predicted for the finite bearing with small wedge parameter and high viscosity‐shear rate index. In addition, the effects of non‐Newtonian power‐law lubricants on the bearing characteristics are more pronounced when the bearing width becomes large.Originality/valueThe paper provides useful information on the dynamic characteristics of finite bearings lubricated by a non‐Newtonian power‐law fluid.
Application of modified Reynolds equation for gas lubrication on air bearing analysis
Authors: Hsu Tze‐Chi , Chiang Hsiu‐Lu , Lin Chun‐Yuan 
Published: September 2006

PurposeAccording to the Christensen stochastic roughness model, the purpose of this study is to developing a modified Reynolds equation to investigate the effects of surface roughness and molecular rarefaction on ultra‐thin compressible and isothermal gas lubrication.Design/methodology/approachBasing upon the average film thickness method with three adjustable coefficients, the higher order slip‐flow velocity distribution was accommodated.FindingsCompared to the smooth case, the longitudinal roughness improves the pressure distribution and load carrying capacity, while the effect of transverse roughness is opposite to that of longitudinal one. The molecular rarefaction effect may diminish the built‐up air bearing pressure and reduce the roughness effect on load carrying capacity. The squeeze number has evident effect in depression of maximum pressure of slider rail with transverse roughness.Originality/valueCombing the high‐order slip‐flow model and Christensen roughness model, this research paper proposed a feasible study of the analysis of molecular rarefaction effect on slider air‐bearing system.
Enterprise curriculum for creative industries students
Authors: Carey Charlotte , Naudin Annette 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThis paper seeks to report on the current state and attitudes towards Enterprise Curriculum within higher education (HE) for the creative industries sector. It is based on preliminary findings from the Creative Enterprise Conference (2006) held at UCE Birmingham, which examined the role of HEs in developing future entrepreneurs in this important sector of the UK economy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores issues related to enterprise curriculum development in HE through in‐depth qualitative analysis of plenary sessions, focused discussions and workshops. A number of stakeholders, including policy makers, academics, researchers and practitioners were invited to explore relevant issues appertaining to “creative enterprises” in the UK.FindingsThis paper presents a critical evaluation of the growing specialist literature, activity and research in creative industries, notably: research needs, paucity of pedagogical materials, characteristics of “creative entrepreneurs” as well as how, when, where and in what way should “creative” students be taught about entrepreneurship and self‐employment.Practical implicationsThe study offers stakeholders a critical perspective on current attitudes and practices within creative industries. This paper offers interested parties an opportunity to consider and reflect on how HE can develop relevant curriculum and deliver enterprise education that is pertinent to students who intend to operate in this important sector of economic activity.Originality/valueBy capturing current attitudes and good practice in creative industries, this paper emphasises enterprise curriculum development and implementation in a relatively underdeveloped aspect of educational research. It makes tentative suggestions and recommendations on how HE and policy makers might respond to current and future enterprise education needs.
Measuring trust inside organisations
Authors: Dietz Graham , Den Hartog Deanne N. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which measures and operationalisations of intra‐organisational trust reflect the essential elements of the existing conceptualisation of trust inside the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides an overview of the essential points from the rich variety of competing conceptualisations and definitions in the management and organisational literatures. It draws on this overview to present a framework of issues for researchers to consider when designing research based on trust. This framework is then used to analyse the content of 14 recently published empirical measures of intra‐organisational trust. It is noted for each measure the form that trust takes, the content, the sources of evidence and the identity of the recipient, as well as matters related to the wording of items.FindingsThe paper highlights where existing measures match the theory, but also shows a number of “blind‐spots” or contradictions, particularly over the content of the trust belief, the selection of possible sources of evidence for trust, and inconsistencies in the identity of the referent.Research limitations/implicationsIt offers researchers some recommendations for future research designed to capture trust among different parties in organisations, and contains an Appendix with 14 measures for intra‐organisational trust.Originality/valueThe value of the paper is twofold: it provides an overview of the conceptualisation literature, and a detailed content‐analysis of several different measures for trust. This should prove useful in helping researchers refine their research designs in the future.
Instruction via chat reference: does co‐browse help?
Authors: Graves Stephanie J. , Desai Christina M. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to determine whether instruction would be welcomed by instant messaging (IM)/chat users, whether instruction is possible in this medium, whether it can be effectively provided, and if the use of co‐browsing enhances learning.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were conducted in which IM/chat reference transcripts were analyzed and patron surveys collected. This research paper compares results from these studies, the first based on use of text‐only IM software, the second using commercial chat software with a co‐browse feature.FindingsFindings indicate that patrons welcome instruction, whether they ask for it or not, and are satisfied with chat/IM as an instructional medium. Librarians usually provide instruction, though they are more likely to do so if patrons ask for it, directly or indirectly. Co‐browsing was used little and did not increase the amount of instruction provided. Patron question format had an impact on the likelihood of co‐browsing. Despite a high rate of technical difficulties, co‐browsing was very well received by survey respondents.Practical implicationsFindings suggest more training on the importance of instruction in virtual reference is needed.Originality/valueProviding instruction via reference is an established practice at the physical reference desk, yet few studies of instruction in virtual reference have been conducted and none on co‐browsing as an instructional tool. This study addresses the need for research on instruction in the virtual reference environment.
Ill‐structured problems and the reference consultation
Authors: Fields Anne M. 
Published: September 2006

PurposeTo apply the concept of ill‐structured problems and learner expertise to the reference consultation.Design/methodology/approachResearch literature from the 1960s forward regarding ill‐structured problems and learner expertise in a variety of disciplines was surveyed. Resulting characteristics of expert problem‐solvers were used to suggest applications to the reference consultation.FindingsLibrarians can structure the reference consultation to better meet students' needs as information problem solvers.Research limitations/implicationsThe method described appears to have sound basis in research into cognitive development and reflective thinking, but it has not been empirically demonstrated in the reference environment. Empirical research with reference librarians and students would be a logical next step.Originality/valueResearch into ill‐structured problems and learner expertise is ongoing in information retrieval systems. It has not been applied to the reference consultation.
Knowledge management and the links to HRM
Authors: Gloet Marianne 
Published: September 2006

PurposeTo explore linkages between knowledge management (KM) and human resource management (HRM) as a means of developing leadership and management capabilities to support sustainability.Design/methodology/approachA range of relevant literature is explored initially. A framework linking KM and HRM is then applied to the development of leadership and management capabilities to support sustainability.FindingsProvides a means by which to promote sustainability through effective KM and HRM linkages and suggests means by which organisations can develop leadership and management capabilities to support sustainability across business, environmental and social justice contexts.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in current literature by providing managers with a framework for addressing sustainability issues and for developing individual and organisational capabilities to support sustainability through KM and HRM practices.