bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian network meta‐analysis of 14 molecules inhibiting UV daylight‐induced pigmentation
Authors: Muller Benoit , Flament Frederic , Jouni Hussein , Sextius Peggy , Tachon Romain , Wang Yang , Wang Hequn , Qiu Huixia , Qiu Janney , Amar David , Delaunay Caroline , Jablonski Nina G. , Passeron Thierry 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionHyperpigmentation disorders are very frequent, affect the quality of life and may become a psychological burden for afflicted patients. Many anti‐pigmenting or depigmenting agents are available with various efficacy and almost no comparative data. 2‐mercaptonicotinoyl glycine (2‐MNG) was recently proposed as a viable candidate showing safe and effective results on hyperpigmentation control in vitro and in vivo.ObjectivesA Bayesian network meta‐analysis (BNMA) was conducted to map and rank the anti‐pigmenting and depigmenting efficacy of 2‐MNG 0.5% on UV daylight (UVDL)‐induced pigmentation together with 13 other reference molecules. A comparison in the kinetics of 2‐MNG 0.5% was also performed.MethodologyFourteen studies were conducted, for each, on 15–30 women of skin phototype III in Shanghai, China and Paris, France. The products were applied on mini zone, in randomized and blinded protocol, on the back, 5 days a week during 6 weeks, at a dose of 4 mg/cm2. During the second week, volunteers were exposed under to varying minimum erythemal dose of UVDL during 4 consecutive days—adapted to obtain a similar induction of skin pigmentation regardless of the population. Assessments were performed instrumentally using Chromameter®. Ascorbic acid 7% was used as a positive control for all experiments. A Bayesian network meta‐analysis was then established to map and follow the kinetics of 2‐MNG 0.5% performance with 13 reference molecules (glutathione 2%, kojic acid 1%, hydroquinone 4%, ascorbyl glucoside 2%, niacinamide 4%, etc.).Results2‐MNG 0.5% dominated the ranking at all time points with a significant high probability of strong efficacy against UVDL‐induced pigmentation. Ascorbic acid 7% ranks second after 4 days of irradiations (D12) whereas hydroquinone 4% ranks second 1 month after irradiations (D40). In the kinetics, 2‐MNG at 0.5% was effective as from the end of irradiations (D12) to the study endpoint (D40). This suggested an immediate and persistent efficacy across all timepoints evaluated.ConclusionThe BNMA revealed a rapid and lasting efficacy of 2‐MNG 0.5% on the anti‐pigmenting and depigmenting phases of the clinical protocol. 2‐MNG 0.5% ranked first, with immediate and lasting effect compared to 13 other references. This study is the first allowing comparison between reference anti‐pigmenting and depigmenting agents and will help clinicians for proposing the most effective approach for their patients.
Effects of different surface treatments on surface topography and bond strength in the repair of fiber‐reinforced dentin composite
Authors: Bayraktar Nilay , Harorli Osman Tolga 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of different surface treatments on the repair bond strength between a fiber‐reinforced dentin composite and a posterior composite.MethodsForty fiber‐reinforced dentin composite resin blocks (4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm) were separated into eight groups (n = 5) according to the surface preparation methods: (G1) negative control group, (G2) adhesive application, (G3) 50% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) application, (G4) 50% DMSO + adhesive application, (G5) 37% phosphoric acid etch + adhesive application, (G6) air abrasion + adhesive application, (G7) 37% phosphoric acid etch + 50% DMSO application + adhesive application, and (G8) air abrasion +50% DMSO application + adhesive application group. The composite surfaces were repaired in two layers with a posterior composite. Composite sticks were subjected to a micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) test. Fractured surfaces were evaluated using a stereomicroscope (×25). Short fiber‐reinforced composite samples' surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Shapiro Wilk, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD tests were used for statistical evaluation.ResultsThe highest average (μTBS) values were observed in G8, whereas the lowest mean μTBS values were evident in the G1 group. Statistically significant μTBS values were found in all adhesive‐applied groups when compared with the negative control group. Notably, the application of 50% DMSO without adhesive did not lead to a statistically significant increase in μTBS values. SEM images demonstrated that acid etching partially eliminated residues on the composite surface, while air abrasion had a detrimental effect on the integrity of fiber structures.ConclusionIn the repair of fiber‐reinforced dentin composite with a posterior composite, adhesive application is an effective approach. The treatment of 50% DMSO without adhesive did not confer a statistically significant advantage, and the supplemental use of acid etch or air abrasion did not show an additional benefit compared to adhesive‐only repairs.Clinical SignificanceAdhesive application emerges as a potent and effective strategy for the repair of bur‐roughened fiber‐reinforced dentin composites. With its limitations, the study highlights the efficacy of adhesive‐only repairs without the necessity for additional surface treatments.
The prevalence of vulvovaginal symptoms in Japanese women of reproductive and perimenopausal ages: A cross‐sectional study across generations
Authors: Kawai Takao , Harada Miyuki , Yamada Katsuki , Ugomori Rui , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis cross‐sectional study evaluated vaginal health and hygiene practices among reproductive and perimenopausal women in Japan using an online‐based questionnaire.MethodsThe questionnaire included 11 well‐structured questions concerning vulvovaginal symptoms and hygiene care practices. Participants' responses were anonymized and analyzed descriptively. The relationships of age, family income, occupation, and childbearing with women's concerns regarding vaginal or vulvar problems were analyzed by chi‐square tests.ResultsAbout 80% of women in their 20s to 50s in Japan reported experiencing vulvovaginal symptoms. Women in their 40s had significantly fewer symptoms than women in their 20s (p = 0.04), and women in their 50s had significantly fewer symptoms than all other age groups (20s, 30s, and 40s) (p < 0.001). Among symptomatic women, 77.5% did not discuss their symptoms with anyone else and only 10% visited doctors. About 12.5% of women reported taking special care of their vagina or vulva regularly, whereas 38.2% expressed a desire to try some form of care but had not yet done so. Of the women who did not take special care of their vagina or vulva, 46.2% lacked knowledge about proper care, 42.2% did not want to spend money on care, 30.5% did not want to discuss care with others, and 21.3% were psychologically reluctant.ConclusionDetermination of the prevalence of vulvovaginal symptoms among Japanese women can enhance understanding of this prevalent condition and its impact on women's health. These findings may help formulate effective public health interventions and promote better hygienic practices, thus improving the well‐being of women in Japan.
Progression pattern and post‐progression survival following atezolizumab and bevacizumab treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kobayashi Satoshi , Fukushima Taito , Ueno Makoto , Chuma Makoto , Numata Kazushi , Tsuruya Kota , Arase Yoshitaka , Hirose Shunji , Kagawa Tatehiro , Hattori Nobuhiro , Watanabe Tsunamasa , Matsunaga Kotaro , Uojima Haruki , Hidaka Hisashi , Kusano Chika , Morimoto Manabu , Maeda Shin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (ATZ + BEV) is a standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), strategies for addressing treatment failure and prognostic factors of post‐progression survival (PPS) remain unestablished.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre retrospective study to evaluate PPS following ATZ + BEV treatment in patients with advanced HCC. We classified the patients into three groups: BCLC stage B and BCLC stage C without or with new extrahepatic lesions (BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2, respectively) at the time of progression.ResultsOf the 204 patients who started ATZ + BEV treatment between October 2020 and September 2022, 110 showed disease progression, with 33, 55 and 22 showing the BCLCp‐B, BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2 stages of the disease, respectively. Specifically, patients with the BCLCp‐B stage of the disease showed better overall survival than those with the BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2 stages (hazard ratios: 1.93 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.06–3.51] and 2.64 [95% CI, 1.32–5.30] for HCC stages BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2, respectively). Via multivariable analysis, we identified the BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2 stages, as well as performance status, Child–Pugh class and alpha‐fetoprotein as poor prognostic factors for PPS.ConclusionsBCLCp‐B1 stage was identified as a better prognostic factor for PPS following ATZ + BEV treatment compared with BCLCp‐C1 and BCLCp‐C2 stages. This may help in making decisions regarding subsequent treatment after ATZ + BEV.
Characterization of c‐di‐AMP signaling in the periodontal pathobiont, Treponema denticola
Authors: Moylan Aidan D. , Patel Dhara T. , O'Brien Claire , Schuler Edward J. A. , Hinson Annie N. , Marconi Richard T. , Miller Daniel P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPathobionts associated with periodontitis, such as Treponema denticola, must possess numerous sensory transduction systems to adapt to the highly dynamic subgingival environment. To date, the signaling pathways utilized by T. denticola to rapidly sense and respond to environmental stimuli are mainly unknown. Bis‐(3′–5′) cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c‐di‐AMP) is a nucleotide secondary messenger that regulates osmolyte transport, central metabolism, biofilm development, and pathogenicity in many bacteria but is uncharacterized in T. denticola. Here, we studied c‐di‐AMP signaling in T. denticola to understand how it contributes to T. denticola physiology. We demonstrated that T. denticola produces c‐di‐AMP and identified enzymes that function in the synthesis (TDE1909) and hydrolysis (TDE0027) of c‐di‐AMP. To investigate how c‐di‐AMP may impact T. denticola cellular processes, a screening assay was performed to identify putative c‐di‐AMP receptor proteins. This approach identified TDE0087, annotated as a potassium uptake protein, as the first T. denticola c‐di‐AMP binding protein. As potassium homeostasis is critical for maintaining turgor pressure, we demonstrated that T. denticola c‐di‐AMP concentrations are impacted by osmolarity, suggesting that c‐di‐AMP negatively regulates potassium uptake in hypoosmotic solutions. Collectively, this study demonstrates T. denticola utilizes c‐di‐AMP signaling, identifies c‐di‐AMP metabolism proteins, identifies putative receptor proteins, and correlates c‐di‐AMP signaling to osmoregulation.
Change in refractive errors with changes in IOL parameters
Authors: Atchison David A. , Cooke David L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study considered two questions associated with intraocular lens (IOL) power and refraction: (1) Given a refraction with a particular IOL in the eye, what will be the refraction for the IOL or another IOL if located differently with regard to tilt or anterior–posterior position? (2) For a target refraction, what is the power of another IOL if located differently with regard to tilt or position? A thin lens technique was developed to address these questions. For the first question, light was traced through the initial correcting spectacle lens to the cornea, refracted at the cornea, transferred to the position of the initial IOL, refracted at this IOL, transferred to the position of a new IOL (which may be the same IOL but with a different position and/or tilt), refracted backwards through the new IOL, transferred to the cornea and refracted out of the eye to give a new correcting spectacle lens power. For the second question, light was traced through the initial correcting spectacle lens to the cornea, refracted at the cornea, transferred to the position of the initial IOL, refracted at the initial IOL and transferred to the position of a new IOL. Light was also traced through the second correcting spectacle lens, refracted at the cornea and transferred to the position of the second IOL. The difference between the reduced image vergence for the first raytrace and the reduced object vergence for the second raytrace gave the effective power of the second IOL, and from this, the power of the second IOL was determined. Examples are presented for different situations, including a case report.
Surrounded by luxury: The necessities of subsidiary cells
Authors: Nguyen Thanh‐Hao , Blatt Michael R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe evolution of stomata marks one of the key advances that enabled plants to colonise dry land while allowing gas exchange for photosynthesis. In large measure, stomata retain a common design across species that incorporates paired guard cells with little variation in structure. By contrast, the cells of the stomatal complex immediately surrounding the guard cells vary widely in shape, size and count. Their origins in development are similarly diverse. Thus, the surrounding cells are likely a luxury that the necessity of stomatal control cannot do without (with apologies to Oscar Wilde). Surrounding cells are thought to support stomatal movements as solute reservoirs and to shape stomatal kinetics through backpressure on the guard cells. Their variety may also reflect a substantial diversity in function. Certainly modelling, kinetic analysis and the few electrophysiological studies to date give hints of much more complex contributions in stomatal physiology. Even so, our knowledge of the cells surrounding the guard cells in the stomatal complex is far from complete.
Not a difference of opinion: Wittgenstein and Turing on contradictions in mathematics
Authors: Vanrie Wim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn his 1939 Cambridge Lectures on the Foundations of Mathematics, Wittgenstein proclaims that he is not out to persuade anyone to change their opinions. I seek to further our understanding of this point by investigating an exchange between Wittgenstein and Turing on contradictions. In defending the claim that contradictory calculi are mathematically defective, Turing suggests that applying such a calculus would lead to disasters such as bridges falling down. In the ensuing discussion, it can seem as if Wittgenstein challenges Turing's claim that such disasters would occur. I argue that this is not what Wittgenstein is doing. Rather, he is scrutinizing the meaning and philosophical import of Turing's claim—showing how Turing is wavering between making an empirical prediction and a logical observation, and that it is only through this wavering that Turing can believe that he has provided a proper explanation of why contradictory calculi are mathematically defective.
Hypersensitive Reactions During Hemodialysis Treatment: What Do We Need to Know?
Authors: Afsar Baris , Afsar Rengin Elsurer 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTKidney replacement therapies (KRTs) including hemodialysis (HD) are one of the treatment options for most of the patients with end‐stage kidney disease. Although HD is vital for these patients, it is not hundred percent physiological, and various adverse events including hypersensitivity reactions may occur. Fortunately, these reactions are rare in total and less when compared to previous decades, but it is still very important for at least two reasons: First, the number of patients receiving kidney replacement treatment is increasing globally; and the cumulative number of these reactions may be substantial. Second, although most of these reactions are mild, some of them may be very severe and even lead to mortality. Thus, it is very important to have basic knowledge and skills to diagnose and treat these reactions. Hypersensitivity reactions can occur at any component of dialysis machinery (access, extracorporeal circuit, medications, etc.). The most important preventive measure is to avoid the allergen. However, even with very specific test, sometimes the allergen cannot be found. In mild conditions, HD can be contained with non‐specific treatment (topical creams, antihistaminics, corticosteroids). In more severe conditions, treatment must be stopped immediately, blood should not be returned to patient, drugs must be stopped, and rules of general emergency treatment must be followed.
‘I sound different, I look different, I am different’: Protecting and promoting the sense of authenticity of ethnically minoritised medical students
Authors: Moula Zoe , Zanting Albertine , Kumar Sonia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundBeing authentic can improve students' well‐being and enhance the medical student–patient communication and patient safety. However, the underrepresentation of ethnically minoritised students in medical education can result in identity suppression, interfering with students' ability to succeed academically and professionally.MethodsWe conducted interviews with 20 ethnically minoritised medical students, which were analysed thematically, to explore the following:

What facilitates and prevents students from being their authentic self during medical school?
What learning and teaching strategies can enable students to be or become their authentic self?
FindingsExperiences of discrimination, microaggressions and/or racism were the main barriers to authenticity, leading to fear of being discriminated again if students expressed their true self. Lack of diversity, cultural awareness and staff representation were also fundamental barriers. Being authentic was often perceived as contradictory to being professional and a risk that could damage students' reputation. However, when students could express their true self, they felt happier, safer and developed a stronger sense of belonging.DiscussionTo enhance authenticity, students need to see better staff representation, role models they can relate and aspire to, such as Black professors. Equity/Diversity/Inclusion/Belonging (EDIB) training needs to become embedded throughout the curriculum and be delivered by facilitators with lived experiences. Other strategies to promote students' authenticity included mentoring, better signposting to complaints procedure and well‐being resources and implementation of ‘zero tolerance’ policies. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies on the concept of authenticity in medical education and the first study focusing on ethnically minoritised students.
Occurrence of Amaranthus palmeri in Israeli agriculture: Status of spread and response to glyphosate and trifloxysulfuron
Authors: Abu‐Nassar Jackline , Wallach Amit , Winkler Eilon , Eizenberg Hanan , Matzrafi Maor 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmaranthus palmeri (Palmer Amaranth) is a dioecious annual weed species, originating from the Southern USA, spreading rapidly beyond its original range into Europe and the Mediterranean region. In Israel, A. palmeri distribution has expanded quickly in recent years, with farmers reporting on weed control failure using acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Furthermore, recent studies have documented glyphosate‐resistant cases from other countries in the region, such as Spain, Greece and Turkey. We conducted a survey in order to understand A. palmeri distribution and study the occurrence of herbicide resistance to both glyphosate and trifloxysulfuron in different fields across the country. According to our data, A. palmeri population locations are aligned with the major agricultural areas for summer field crops, including the Hula Valley, Jezreel Valley and the Southern Coastal Plain. Regarding herbicide responses, while several populations showed a reduced response to glyphosate, dose–response assays did not show resistance to the recommended labelled field rate. For the ALS inhibitor trifloxysulfuron, the survival percentage was very high, especially in the southern coastline region (77%). Four populations used for dose–response studies were highly resistant, surviving at four times the recommended labelled field rate of trifloxysulfuron (30 g a.i. ha−1). Sequencing of the ALS gene, Trp574 to Leu alteration in resistant populations was recorded in all populations. The high level of resistance observed in this study, alongside the target‐site mutation found in populations of A. palmeri, endangers the future use of ALS inhibitors in corn, cotton, and other summer crops grown in Israel.
Coactivation in Symmetric Four-Bar Mechanisms Antagonistically Actuated by Cables
Authors: Muralidharan Vimalesh , Chevallereau Christine , Wenger Philippe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In biological systems, the joints are actuated antagonistically by muscles that can be moved coherently to achieve the desired displacement and coactivated with appropriate forces to vary joint stiffness. Inspired by this, there is an interest in developing bio-inspired robots suitable for low- and high-stiffness tasks. Mechanisms actuated by antagonist cables can be a reasonable approximation of biological joints. A study on the anti-parallelogram mechanism showed that the antagonistic forces (&gt;0) positively influence its stiffness, similar to the biological joints. This work investigates more general symmetric four-bar mechanisms with crossed/non-crossed limbs and top and base bars of unequal lengths for this property. First, the cables are attached between the two unconnected pivot pairs in the four-bar mechanism, and their limits of movement are presented. Inside these limits, we show that the cable forces have a positive (resp. negative) influence on the stiffness of the mechanism when its limbs are crossed (resp. non-crossed). These results are validated experimentally in all cases. Subsequently, we consider alternate cable attachments for the mechanisms with non-crossed limbs to achieve coactivation. Examples show that coactivation is possible in these mechanisms but comes at the cost of a diminished range of movement. Among all the four-bar mechanisms considered, the anti-parallelogram mechanism offers the largest orientation range of (−π,π) for the top bar with respect to its base while providing coactivation and is thus the best choice.
Draft genome sequence of halotolerant plant growth-promoting
Bacillus paralicheniformis
MHN12
Authors: Dahiya Priyanka , Kumar Pradeep , Rani Simran , Dang Amita Suneja , Suneja Pooja 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Bacillus paralicheniformis
MHN12 possesses a 4,245,453-base pair genome with 45.9% G + C content, including 1 CRISPR, 80 tRNA, 8 rRNA genes, and 4,418 predicted coding sequences . MHN12 exhibits high salinity tolerance and plant growth-promoting abilities, making it a promising bioinoculant for enhancing plant growth in saline soils.