bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Third molar agenesis in the Burlington Growth Centre in Toronto
Authors: Thompson G. W. , Popovich F. , Anderson D. L. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractSerial and cross‐sectional cephalograms were read and the treatment files reviewed, for 521 children of a representative sample, the Burlington Growth Centre sample, to determine the frequency of congenially missing third molars. All the children had at least two cephalograms taken between the ages of 3 and 21 years, and one of these was taken around 16 years. Of the 521 children studied, 22.3 % had congenially missing third molars. There was no sex‐specificity with respect to congenitally missing third molars or to the number of missing third molars in the maxilla and the mandible. Generally, more teeth were absent when third molars were congenitally missing. A relationship was found to exist between congenitally missing teeth and congenitally missing third molars in females. Thus, when third molars were absent, there was a sex‐specificity for other congenitally missing teeth. The probability of specific teeth being missing was higher for those individuals with missing third molars than in the 1,191 10‐ to 12‐year‐old children of the overall Burlington Growth Centre sample.
An epidemiologic study of the relationship between overbite and over jet in English children aged 11–12 years
Authors: Haynes S. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe relationship between overbite and overjet in 1,147 English children aged 11–12 years has been investigated and a statistically significant positive correlation found. It has also been shown that the ratio of the rate of increase of overbite: rate of increase of overjet is approximately 3:1 relative to the defined categories of overbite. The significance of a specific increase in the demand for treatment of deep overbite is also discussed.
Incidence of oral cancer among 30,000 villagers in India in a 7‐year follow‐up study of oral precancerous lesions
Authors: Pindborg Jens J. , Mehta Fali S. , Daftary Dinesh K. 
Published: May 2006

ABSTRACTIn three districts of India where an oral precancer registry comprising 30,000 individuals was established in 1967, regular follow‐up surveys have been conducted. This paper discusses the results of a 7‐year follow‐up study. In Bhavnagar district only one case of oral cancer was reported in this study. In the districts of Ernakulam and Srikakulam, age‐adjusted annual incidence rates for oral cancer were found to be 33 and 22 per 100,000 respectively. The significance of tobacco habits and oral submucous fibrosis as etiologic factors is discussed.
Validation of data on demand and need for dental treatment in an elderly population
Authors: Rise Jostein 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe present paper intended (1) to validate some key variables employed in a survey of a representative sample of 241 persons aged 65–79 in Troms in Northern Norway, and (2) to discuss aspects of social policy related to dental programs for pensioners. The participants were asked questions focused on potential demand for dental services, and oral problems. Treatment need was assessed professionally. It was explained to the subjects that pensioners were entitled to dental care at half price, and referral to a dentist was arranged if wanted. Validity was studied in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Using referral as a criterion, the question related to potential demand displayed a sensitivity of only 53 %, probably because of the imprecise wording, while the specificity appeared to be 82 %. Ninety‐five persons reported oral problems. The existing subsidy arrangements operating in a traditional service setting did not seem to cope adequately with this problem group. Treatment need was a sensitive (88 %), but not a specific (43 %), indicator of oral problems. Viewed socio‐politically, these findings may be interpreted as a need for visiting services and for an upgrading of the value of self‐assessment. It was concluded that this method of validation provided additional information on the practical usefulness of the test methods employed.
Effect of regular small group instruction per se on oral health status of Danish schoolchildren
Authors: Agerbæk N. , Melsen B. , Lind O. P. , Glavind L. , Kristiansen B. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA 1‐year study of the isolated effect of an intensive motivation program aimed at improving the oral health status of 11–13‐year‐old schoolchildren was conducted in a Danish provincial town where all children have access to a free and comprehensive school oral health program. The effect was negligible as measured by epidemiologic indices.
A Markovian model for evaluating dental care programs
Authors: Freed James R. , Marcus Marvin , Forsythe Alan B. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA Markov model is suggested as a means of evaluating dental care programs. Four mutually exclusive states of dental care are defined as Markovian states. These are episodic, initial, maintenance and nonuse. Records for all patients entering a university teaching clinic (n= 578) over a 12‐month period were examined and classified in one of the states of care at entry into the clinic and at 1‐year intervals from the date of entry for 3 years. An analysis of the findings indicated that the Markov model did fit reasonably well and provided a good approximation of the empirical data.
Epidemiologic survey of accidental dentofacial injuries among U.S. Army personnel
Authors: Katz R. V. , Barnes G. P. , Larson H. R. , Lyon T. C. , Brunner D. G. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis epidemiologic study of accidental dentofacial injuries to U. S. Army personnel was conducted to determine the frequency and distribution patterns of accidental dentofacial injuries to soldiers. Administratively, it was anticipated that this data would permit identification of high‐risk groups and would suggest feasible preventive measures. This 9‐month study was conducted on 16 Army posts with a combined population at risk of 210500 soldiers; a standardized data collection form was completed by the dental corps officer treating the injury case and then was mailed to a central collection site for analysis. The data from this dentofacial injury study clearly reveal that differential risks exist for various military subpopulations. While the overall U. S. Army accidental dentofacial injury‐rate was 37.7 cases/10 000/year, this rate varied greatly for specific subgroups with high‐risk factors including young males, lower enlisted ranks, recent recruits, and combat training posts. The primary specific causes of these injuries were fistfights (nearly 30 %), sports (over 20%), and vehicles (about 15%).
Dental findings in high‐fluoride areas in Ethiopia
Authors: Olsson Berit 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA survey comprising 478 children aged 6–7 years and 13–14 years was conducted in high‐fluoride areas (Wonji, 12.4 parts/106 F‐ and Awassa, 3.5 parts/10 F‐) in the Rift Valley in Ethiopia. Dental fluorosis was found in 99 % of the 6–7‐year‐old groups. Very mild to moderate fluorosis dominated in the primary teeth and moderate to severe fluorosis in the permanent teeth. All 13–14‐year‐old children born in Awassa or Wonji had fluorosis, mainly in the moderate to severe form. Eighty‐four percent of the 13–14‐year‐old children not born in the area had fluorosis, mainly in the very mild form. The most severe fluorosis was seen in the last erupting teeth, but moderate fluorosis was also seen in primary incisors, indicating placental transfer of fluorides. Teeth with moderate and severe fluorosis more frequently had dental caries than teeth with no or very mild and mild fluorosis. The average DMFT was 2.46 ± 2.34 in Wonji and 1.69 ± 1.88 in Awassa. The average dft was 0.32 ± 0.80 in Wonji and 0.40 ± 0.96 in Awassa. Gingivitis was seen in 97 % of the children and the average OHI‐S was 1.94 ± 0.71.
An epidemiologic approach to toothbrushing and dental abrasion
Authors: Bergström Jan , Lavstedt Stig 
Published: May 2006

AbstractAbrasion lesions were recorded in 818 individuals representing the adult population of 430 000 residents of the Stockholm region, Sweden. The subjects were asked about toothbrushing habits, toothbrush quality and dentifrice usage; these factors were related to abrasion criteria. Abrasion was prevalent in 30 % and wedge‐like or deep depressions were observed in 12%. The relationship between abrasion and toothbrushing was evident, tin‐prevalence and severity of abrasion being correlated to toothbrushing consumption. The importance of the toothbrushing technique for the development of abrasion lesions was elucidated. Horizontal brushing technique was strongly correlated to abrasion. It was demonstrated by treating the data with the statistical AID analysis that toothbrushing factors related to the individual (brushing frequency and brushing technique) exert a greater influence that material‐oriented toothbrushing factors such as dentifrice abrasivity and bristle stiffness.
A method of utilizing the subjects' initial caries experience to increase efficiency in caries clinical trials
Authors: Kingman Albert 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA problem which often occurs in caries clinical trials is the existence of an imbalance by group in the initial DMFS scores among subjects completing the study. Four methods of incorporating the study subjects' initial caries experience were identified and compared in six recently conducted clinical trials to see which of the methods was the most efficient in making treatment group comparisons of study subjects' caries increment scores. The consistent method of choice was one which utilized an adaptation of Grainger's caries severity index as a stratification factor in a blocking analysis of caries increments. The results suggest that more information regarding future caries exists in knowing where decay is present in the dentition than in knowing the subjects' total DMFS counts.
Validity of information concerning the use of dental services obtained in interviews
Authors: Norheim P. W. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractTwo hundred and fifty‐two persons out of a population of 358 were interviewed concerning their use of dental services. The validity of the information was tested by comparing the answers from each respondent with the contents of his/her dental treatment record. Replies to a question about the time interval since the last dental visit showed a high degree of validity. The validity of information concerning the type of treatment received at the last course of dental visits showed high validity for a single treatment and low validity when the treatment services were mixed. Responses about the regularity of treatment attendance demonstrated decreasing degree of validity with increasing number of dental visits during the last 5 years. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents showed little relation to the validity of their answers. However, the degree of validity decreased with increasing number of teeth.
Evaluation of periodontal status in a Finnish industrial population
Authors: Markkanen Helena , Rajala Matti , Paunio Ilkka 
Published: May 2006

AbstractOccurrence of periodontal disease was investigated in an industrial population by a modified Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS). The study comprised an initial clinical examination and a follow‐up examination of 165 persons 1 year later. The reproducibility of the modified PTNS was satisfactory; in a subsample studied twice the weighted kappa with its 99 % confidence limits was 0.80 ± 0.18. Only 3 % of the dentulous subjects had no treatment need because of gingival or periodontal disease in the first clinical examination, in spite of the low mean age (33.2 years) of the population. The periodontium of the maxillary teeth was significantly healthier (P < 0.001) than that in the mandibular teeth, but there were no significant differences between right and left side of jaws. During the 1‐year follow‐up period the periodontal condition of 23% of subjects improved, whereas in 9% it deteriorated.
Tooth loss, prosthetics and dental treatment habits in a group of Swedish men
Authors: Mohlin Bengt , Ingervall Bengt , Hedgeård Björn , Thilander Birgit 
Published: May 2006

AbstractDental history, dental status, the need for prosthetic treatment and dental treatment habits were studied in 389 men aged 21–54 years. The men were selected from a group undergoing military refresher training in the south of Sweden. One percent of the men were toothless. About 3% had full dentures in one or both jaws and an equal percentage had partial dentures. About 3% of the men had bridges in the maxilla and 2 % in the mandible. Tooth loss was greatest in the mandibular molar segment, followed by the maxillary molar segment. By means of an index for dental status about 8 % of the men were judged to be in great need of prosthetic treatment for aesthetic reasons and/or to improve occlusion. Age, place of birth, educational level and smoking habits were among the factors which seemed to be related to dental status. Seventy percent of the men reported that they went to the dentist once a year, while about 10 % seemed rarely or never to seek dental treatment. Dental treatment habits were correlated to place of birth, number of brothers and sisters, edentulousness and the need for prosthetic treatment, among other factors.
Dental caries in a group of 20‐year‐olds after previous participation in public child dental health services in Copenhagen, Denmark
Authors: Bille Jette 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in a group of 20‐year‐olds who had previously participated in Public Child Dental Health Services. Dental caries was related to social status and preventive visits to the private dentist after termination of school. The study population comprised 389 persons aged 20, out of which 313(80.5%) were examined clinically and radiographically by one dentist according to standardized criteria. Mean DMFT was 10.4 and mean DMFS 16.7. Differences in relation to sex were not significant. The distribution of subjects according to DMFS was uneven. The 20% with the highest DMFS accounted for about 40% of the total amount of DMFS and for about 45% of the total amount of DS. A consistent pattern with higher mean DMFS in the low social groups was found. Attendance to Regular Youth Dental Service was higher the longer the subjects had been students and higher mean DMFS was found in nonregular attenders. The presence of a high caries risk group is discussed in relation to the dental care system received by the study population.
Consumption of dental services by ethnic groups in Israel
Authors: Machnes Yaffa 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThis study analyzes the consumption of dental services in Israel and is based on data collected on households and their expenditures on dental health. Medical and social research in Israel generally take into account the significance of the ethnic dimension to explain findings. In accordance with this established research mode, interview subjects were divided into two groups: households with both parents born in Asian or African countries, and others. Analysis of the data established a difference between the two groups in their expenditures on dental services. While several studies focused primarily on the sociologic aspects of the problem, little attempt has been made to isolate the influence of economic factors on dental care. This study demonstrates that income and other socioeconomic variables characterizing the various ethnic groups are the underlying causes for the difference in dental care expenditure.
Pilot results of DMF Treatment Time Index
Authors: Beck James D. , Field Howard M. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe DMF Index and its components have been utilized by various researchers to measure aspects of the caries process ranging from prevalence of carious lesions to the amount of dental care needed. It is generally recognized that DMF Teeth (T) measures life‐time caries experience and is not a good predictor of the amount of treatment time needed in population groups. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of certain modifications of the DMFT components to predict the amount of treatment time needed. In a sample of 109 adult cases, normal and diseased conditions were coded along with the usual DMFT measures and the number of missing teeth needing replacement (NR). Corresponding treatment procedures related to caries (periodontal treatment was not coded) were recorded and then converted to treatment times using the Relative Productivity Unit (RPU). Stepwise multiple regression and discriminant analysis procedures were used. The number of D teeth was linearly related to treatment time, but the number of NR and M teeth was not. Regression procedures indicated that the square root values of D and NR were the best predictors of treatment time (RPU) and produced a multiple r of 0.69. When patients were classified into categories of treatment time (low, medium, high), the DMF Treatment Time Index was able to correctly classify 70 % of the cases into their appropriate treatment time category.
Decayed, missing, and filled teeth among Jewish and Arab schoolchildren in Israel
Authors: Anaise Joseph Z. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to gather information on caries prevalence in schoolchildren of Arab and Jewish populations, and compare caries prevalence according to sex, age and population examined. Altogether, 3672 children were included in the survey (1975)Jews, 1001 of whom were females; and 1697 Arabs, 840 of whom were females). During the examination only dental caries were checked. Caries were marked according to the DMF index. Compared to former years there is an increase in the prevalence of caries throughout the population. A slightly lower caries prevalence was found among jewish children than among Arab children of the same age. However, when DMF is broken down into its component parts, Arab children were seen to have a greater number of teeth affected by caries and in need of treatment (D). Furthermore, treatment need has been met to a much greater degree among Jewish children than among Arab children. Arab children received almost no dental care.
Application of the Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS) in a group of young Israeli adults
Authors: Mann Jonathan , Zach Avner , Shem‐Tov Arye , Anaise Joseph Z. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe Periodontal Treatment Need System (PTNS) was applied to a group of young Israeli adults, 18‐25 years of age, to test the system in the field. A total of 830 persons were examined. Their periodontal treatment needs were assessed. One of the aspects investigated was that of treatment needs according to distribution by sex. Only 2.7% of young adults studied were free of plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation. All the rest (97.3%) needed some kind of periodontal treatment. The time required for treatment needed was also calculated. It was found that on the average 2.4 h per person would be required to deliver the periodontal treatment needs of the group. A close association between sex and PTNS was established in this study.
Monitoring and evaluation of results of community fluoride programs in Norway during the 1960's and 1970's
Authors: Rise J. , Haugejorden O. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this paper was to report on the introduction, functioning and results of community fluoride programs in Norway during the 1960's and 1970's. Data on the treatment carried out in the School and Public Dental Services were available in official publications. Information on systematic community topical fluoride programs for priority groups was collected by postal questionnaire from all School and Public Dental Officers. Nine variables were described and used to construct a correlation matrix. During the 1970's, there has been an increase in rinsing and professional topical application at the expense of brushing programs. Though the participation‐rate increased steadily among 7‐15‐year‐olds and had reached 60% by 1970 and 90% by 1977, the mean number of surfaces filled did not show a consistent downward trend till 1972/73. The reduction in mean number of surfaces filled from 1972 to 1976 tended to be biggest in counties with a high mean number of surfaces filled in 1972 (r=0.79). Regional variations in mean number of surfaces filled have decreased markedly during the 1970's. Possible explanations for this and problems concerning collection of data on preventive activities are discussed.
Prevalence of root surface caries among institutionalized older persons
Authors: Banting David W. , Ellen Richard P. , Fillery Edward D. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractFifty‐nine residents of a chronic hospital (average age 67.9 years) were examined visually for root surface caries. Root lesions were found to be present in 44 of the residents and were located most frequently on the proximal surfaces of anterior teeth. The number of coronal DF surfaces, age and number of retained teeth were the factors found to be helpful in discriminating between persons with and without root surface caries.
Cleft lip and cleft palate in Santo Domingo
Authors: García‐Godoy Franklin 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the occurrence of isolated cleft lip (CL), cleft lip with cleft palate (CL + CP) and isolated cleft palate (CP) and their distribution according to sex and laterality in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, located in the Caribbean Archipelago. The sample consisted of 439 hospital records (204 males and 235 females) of patients attending a children's public hospital in Santo Domingo over the period of May 1973 to December 1976. Of all facial clefts, the highest percentage (36.4%) was presented by CL, followed by CP (32.1%) and CL + CP (31.4%). Of all facial clefts, males presented the highest percentage (53.5%). For both sexes, there was an equal number of cases with CL (17.54 %) but more males had CL + CP (0.20 > P0.10) and more females presented CP (P < 0.001). The left‐sided defects were almost twice as common as the right‐sided defects. The ratio of unilateral clefts‐to‐bilateral clefts was 5.4:1.
Oral health status and treatment needs in long‐term medicine patients in a Copenhagen hospital department
Authors: Donatsky O. , Ahlgren P. , From Hansen P. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractOral health and dental treatment needs were investigated in 50 randomly selected long‐term medicine patients admitted to The Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark. All the patients were clinically and radiologically examined. Oral health generally was poor. Two‐thirds (66%) of the patients were totally edentulous, 24 % partially edentulous. Only 10 % were dentate with no dentures. The number of remaining teeth per patient averaged 4.7, that of caries destructed teeth 1.4. All 17 patients with remaining teeth had periodontal disease, and 13 of them suffered from caries. Alveolar ridge atrophy, periapical inflammation, root remnants, impacted teeth and oral mucosal lesions were demonstrated in, respectively, 80, 22, 24, 8, and 26% of the group. In total 82 % of the patients needed some kind of treatment, mainly prosthetic and oral surgery. The estimated total treatment time per patient averaged 165 min.
Dental health and the application of geographical methodology
Authors: Taylor P. J. , Carmichael C. L. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractReorganisation of dental services in Britain gives new opportunities for planning. Geographical methodology provides new techniques. An elementary spatial analysis of variations in dental health in Newcastle Area Health Authority (Teaching) shows that dental health varies with availability and access to treatment facilities. Opposite types of geographical distribution of community (School) and general dental services are illustrated showing location biases for each type of service. The evaluation of the spatial distribution of dental services is shown to be basic to planning and a key to improved dental health.