bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration of ‘Georgia‐23RKN’ peanut
Authors: Branch W. D. , Brenneman T. B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract‘Georgia‐23RKN’ (Reg. no. CV‐158, PI 704578) is a new high‐yielding, normal‐oleic, Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)‐ and root‐knot nematode (RKN) [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1]‐resistant, medium‐large seeded, runner‐type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar that was released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station in 2023. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Tifton Campus. Georgia‐23RKN originated from a cross made between ‘Tifguard’ × ‘Georgia Green’. Tifguard is a normal‐oleic, TSWV‐ and RKN‐resistant runner‐type peanut cultivar that was developed from a cross between ‘C‐99R’ and ‘COAN’. Georgia Green is a normal‐oleic, TSWV‐resistant runner‐type cultivar that was developed from a cross between ‘Southern Runner’ and ‘Sunbelt Runner’. Pedigree selection was practiced within the early segregating generations. Performance testing began in the F4:6 generation with the advanced pure‐line selection, GA 122544, the experimental designation of Georgia‐23RKN. During the past 3 years (2015–2017) and averaged over 29 multiple location tests without nematode pressure in Georgia, Georgia‐23RKN had significantly less TSWV and total disease incidence compared to Tifguard. Georgia‐23RKN was also found to have a larger runner seed size than the smaller runner‐type check cultivar, Georgia‐14N. Georgia‐23RKN combines high‐yield and TSWV‐ and RKN‐resistance with medium‐large seed size and the normal‐oleic trait preferred by large peanut butter manufacturers in the United States.
Outcomes of surgical treatment of tracheobronchomalacia in children
Authors: Mukharesh Lana , Krone Katie A. , Hamilton Thomas E. , Shieh Hester F. , Smithers Charles J. , Winthrop Zachary A. , Muise Eleanor D. , Jennings Russell W. , Mohammed Somala , Demehri Farokh R. , Zendejas Benjamin , Visner Gary A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is characterized by excessive dynamic airway collapse. Severe TBM can be associated with substantial morbidity. Children with secondary TBM associated with esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) and vascular‐related airway compression (VRAC) demonstrate clinical improvement following airway pexy surgery. It is unclear if children with severe primary TBM, without secondary etiologies (EA/TEF, vascular ring, intrinsic pulmonary pathology, or complex cardiac disease) demonstrate clinical improvement following airway pexy surgery.Materials and MethodsThe study cohort consisted of 73 children with severe primary TBM who underwent airway pexy surgery between 2013 and 2020 at Boston Children's Hospital. Pre‐ and postoperative symptoms as well as bronchoscopic findings were compared with Fisher exact test for categorical data and Student's t‐test for continuous data.ResultsStatistically significant improvements in clinical symptoms were observed, including cough, noisy breathing, prolonged respiratory infections, pneumonias, exercise intolerance, cyanotic spells, brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE), and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) dependence. No significant differences were seen regarding oxygen dependence, ventilator dependence, or respiratory distress requiring NIPPV. Comparison of pre‐ and postoperative dynamic bronchoscopy findings revealed statistically significant improvement in the percent of airway collapse in all anatomic locations except at the level of the upper trachea (usually not malacic). Despite some initial improvements, 21 (29%) patients remained symptomatic and underwent additional airway pexies with improvement in symptoms.ConclusionAirway pexy surgery resulted in significant improvement in clinical symptoms and bronchoscopic findings for children with severe primary TBM; however, future prospective and long‐term studies are needed to confirm this benefit.
Predicting abiraterone efficacy in advanced prostate cancer: Insights from marker of proliferation Ki67
Authors: Zhao Fengnian , Zhao Jinge , Wei Xinyuan , Shi Yifu , Xu Nanwei , Zhu Sha , Chen Junru , Sun Guangxi , Dai Jindong , Wang Zhipeng , Zhang Xingming , Liang Jiayu , Hu Xu , Liu Haoyang , Zhao Junjie , Liu Zhenhua , Nie Ling , Shen Pengfei , Chen Ni , Zeng Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundKI67 is a well‐known biomarker reflecting cell proliferation. We aim to elucidate the predictive role of KI67 in the efficacy of abiraterone for patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsClinicopathological data of 152 men with metastatic PCa, who received abiraterone therapy were retrospectively collected. The KI67 positivity was examined by immunohistochemistry using the prostate biopsy specimen. The predictive value of KI67 on the therapeutic efficacy of abiraterone was explored using Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression analysis. The endpoints included prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) progression‐free survival (PSA‐PFS), radiographic PFS (rPFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsIn total, 85/152 (55.9%) and 67/152 (44.1%) cases, respectively, received abiraterone at metastatic hormone‐sensitive (mHSPC) and castration‐resistant PCa (mCRPC) stage. The median KI67 positivity was 20% (interquartile range: 10%–30%). Overall, KI67 rate was not correlated with PSA response. Notably, an elevated KI67‐positive rate strongly correlated with unfavorable abiraterone efficacy, with KI67 ≥ 30% and KI67 ≥ 20% identified as the optimal cutoffs for prognosis differentiation in mHSPC (median PSA‐PFS: 11.43 Mo vs. 26.43 Mo, p < 0.001; median rPFS: 16.63 Mo vs. 31.90 Mo, p = 0.003; median OS: 21.77 Mo vs. not reach, p = 0.005) and mCRPC (median PSA‐PFS: 7.17 Mo vs. 12.20 Mo, p = 0.029; median rPFS: 11.67 Mo vs. 16.47 Mo, p = 0.012; median OS: 21.67 Mo vs. not reach, p = 0.073) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis supported the independent predictive value of KI67 on abiraterone efficacy. In subgroup analysis, an elevated KI67 expression was consistently associated with unfavorable outcomes in the majority of subgroups. Furthermore, data from another cohort of 79 PCa patients with RNA information showed that those with KI67 RNA levels above the median had a significantly shorter OS than those below the median (17.71 vs. 30.72 Mo, p = 0.035).ConclusionsThis study highlights KI67 positivity in prostate biopsy as a strong predictor of abiraterone efficacy in advanced PCa. These insights will assist clinicians in anticipating clinical outcomes and refining treatment decisions for PCa patients.
A case study analysis of the impact of a new free tropospheric turbulence scheme on the dispersion of an atmospheric tracer
Authors: Mirza Andrew K. , Dacre Helen F. , Lo Chun Hay Brian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMost Lagrangian dispersion models represent free tropospheric turbulence as a homogeneous steady‐state process. However, intermittent turbulent mixing in the free troposphere may be a significant source of mixing. We test a new parametrization scheme that represents spatial‐ and temporal‐varying turbulence in the free troposphere in the Met Office's Numerical Atmospheric‐dispersion Modelling Environment. We use semi‐idealized emissions of radon‐222 (Rn) from rocks and soil in the United Kingdom to evaluate the impact of using a variable free tropospheric turbulence parameterization on the dispersion of Rn. We performed two experiments, the first using the existing steady‐state scheme and the second using the newly implemented spatio‐temporal‐varying scheme, for two case periods July 2018 and April 2021. We find that the turbulence in the varying scheme (represented by the vertical velocity variance) can range by two to three orders of magnitude (10 to 10 m s) when compared with the steady‐state scheme (10 m s). In particular, low‐altitude turbulence is enhanced when synoptic conditions are conducive to forming low‐level jets. This leads to a greater dispersion in the free troposphere, reducing the mean monthly Rn concentration above the boundary layer by 20–40% relative to the steady‐state scheme. We conclude that without a space–time‐varying free tropospheric turbulence scheme atmospheric dispersion may be significantly underestimated under synoptic conditions that are favourable for low‐level jet formation. This underestimation of dispersion may potentially result in inaccurate estimations of local emissions in top‐down greenhouse gas inventory studies.
Prediction of remaining surgery duration in laparoscopic videos based on visual saliency and the transformer network
Authors: Loukas Constantinos , Seimenis Ioannis , Prevezanou Konstantina , Schizas Dimitrios 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundReal‐time prediction of the remaining surgery duration (RSD) is important for optimal scheduling of resources in the operating room.MethodsWe focus on the intraoperative prediction of RSD from laparoscopic video. An extensive evaluation of seven common deep learning models, a proposed one based on the Transformer architecture (TransLocal) and four baseline approaches, is presented. The proposed pipeline includes a CNN‐LSTM for feature extraction from salient regions within short video segments and a Transformer with local attention mechanisms.ResultsUsing the Cholec80 dataset, TransLocal yielded the best performance (mean absolute error (MAE) = 7.1 min). For long and short surgeries, the MAE was 10.6 and 4.4 min, respectively. Thirty minutes before the end of surgery MAE = 6.2 min, 7.2 and 5.5 min for all long and short surgeries, respectively.ConclusionsThe proposed technique achieves state‐of‐the‐art results. In the future, we aim to incorporate intraoperative indicators and pre‐operative data.
Adaptive composite learning control of a flexible two‐link manipulator with unknown spatiotemporally varying disturbance
Authors: Gao Hejia , Yu Zele , Hu Juqi , Sun Changyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article presents a novel adaptive composite learning (ACL) control strategy combining reinforcement learning and a disturbance observer (DOB) to address vibration issues in a flexible two‐link manipulator (FTLM) system affected by unknown spatiotemporally varying disturbances. Based on the assumed mode method, the FTLM system is initially transformed into an ordinary differential equation model, while effectively capturing the elastic deformation and vibration characteristics of the flexible link. A composite learning controller, based on the actor‐critic algorithm and DOB, is then developed to achieve trajectory tracking and vibration suppression in the FTLM system. The DOB in the controller compensates for unknown disturbances resulting in reduced system error. It is noting that the proposed optimal control strategy is continuously gathering system experience and evaluating the current policy's effectiveness. The stability and robustness of the closed‐loop system incorporating the composite controller are analyzed using Lyapunov's direct method, and the semi‐global uniform ultimate boundedness of the tracking and vibration errors are also demonstrated. To validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed ACL controller, comparative simulations and experiments are conducted on the Quanser experimental platform.
A model free adaptive‐robust design for control of robot manipulators: Time delay estimation approach
Authors: Taefi Mohammad , Khosravi Mohammad A. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis paper addresses a new robust control scheme for tracking control of the robot manipulators. This algorithm employs time delay estimation (TDE) technique in combination with backstepping control strategy. The suggested control scheme has no dependency on the robot dynamic model and knowing the bound of the inertia matrix is enough to develop this controller. To develop the idea, at first the boundedness of the TDE errors is analyzed by Lyapunov‐Krasovskii approach. Next, the proposed TDE based adaptive backstepping nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (ABNTSMC) algorithm is developed. In this way, a novel adaptive‐robust term is employed to defeat the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, the closed‐loop stability of the system is proven through Lyapunov second approach. Fast transient response, supreme robustness, and chattering‐free as the premier specifications are gained employing the proposed control algorithm. The efficiency of the suggested control scheme is illustrated through some simulations on an industrial robot and the results are compared with some other control algorithms. Finally, the practical effectiveness of the proposed TDE based control algorithm is verified through some experiments on a parallelogram robot manipulator.
Toward sustainable consumption: Exploring the role of environmental innovation and international trade on consumption‐based carbon emissions in OECD countries
Authors: Zhang Menglu , Ali Shahid , Zhou Yun , Nassani Abdelmohsen A. , Usmanovich Burkhanov Aktam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnvironmental degradation is a severe problem around the globe, which includes a range of worries such as weather extremes, biodiversity loss and heatwaves. The scientific community has widely recognized the urgent need to address these challenges and transition towards sustainable sustainability. One key aspect of sustainability is the concept of eco‐innovation, which involves the production processes that minimize ecological impact of productive activities. Businesses across the world are including eco innovation in their strategies, which have great impact on environmental performance. This study explores the linkage between eco innovation and environmental performance achieved by OECD nations over the period of 1990–2021. We investigate the impact that international trade, renewable energy consumption, and economic activity have on environmental performance. This study focuses on consumption‐based approach for measuring carbon emissions. Previous studies have focused on production‐based approach to measure carbon emissions. Using advanced econometric approaches, we find that eco innovation, exports and renewable energy consumption abate CO2 emissions, while imports and economic activities increase CO2 emissions.
Fabrication of Catechol Sensitized Hollow Microspheres ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO for the Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Yu Yan , Ma Wei , Li Chun , Chang Liangliang , Xu Shan , Yao Binghua , Cao Baoyue , Zhao Pei , Tian Fangyuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDesigning new materials that can be used to treat environmental pollutants is one of the prime focuses of chemical science. Here, an unprecedented photocatalytic material with high activity of catechol sensitized ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO hollow microspheres was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The structure and properties of the composite photocatalyst were analyzed by various testing methods. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by using methylene blue (MB) as the target degradation substance. The results demonstrated that catechol (CA) sensitized ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO photocatalyst is a hollow microsphere with a diameter of 1–1.5 mm, the CA molecules are covalently bonded to the ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO surface, and the composite photocatalyst has good light absorption and carrier separation performance. Under the condition of irradiation for 90 min, the degradation rate of the composite photocatalyst for MB was higher than that of ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO. When the loading amount of CA was 0.6 wt%, the degradation rate of CA/ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO for MB was as high as 98.28 %, and the reaction rate constant was up to 4.35×10−2 min−1. A reasonable mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of pollutants by catechol as sensitizer on ZnTiO3/TiO2/ZnO was proposed. This study provides a theoretical reference for efficient photodegradation of pollutants in the environment.
Reduction of Methylene Blue Using Silica Nanoparticles Obtained from Waste ZrC
Authors: Abadian‐Naeini Fatemeh , Mohsennia Mohsen , Bagherzadeh Mojtaba 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study conducted an extraction of pure amorphous nano‐silica (SiO2 NP) from waste product at the ZrC factory. Various techniques such as TEM, SEM‐EDX, ICP, XRD, FTIR, BET, and DLS were utilized to synthesize and characterize the silica nanoparticle. The results showed successful production of pure amorphous silica, with no discernible difference in purity percentage between samples prepared with or without acidic pre‐treatment. It was found that the leaching temperature, process time, and reactant ratio all played a role in the production of nano‐silica. The ideal leaching temperature was determined to be 368 K, with an optimal process time of 2 h. The weight ratio of WPZF/NaOH that yielded the highest percentage of silica extraction was 9 : 10. Additionally, at pH 7, the nano‐silica exhibited the best specific surface area (BET) of 472.51 m2/g. The average size of the spherical nano‐silica, as determined by DLS, was approximately 38 nm. Furthermore, the produced nano‐silica was found to be an effective catalyst for the treatment of methylene blue (MB). MB could be degraded by more than 99 % of the initial concertation (10 mg/L) in the presence of NaBH4 within 16 min and rate constant of the catalytic reduction achieved as 0.134 min−1. These findings demonstrate the potential of amorphous nano‐silica as a valuable resource in various applications.
Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of Benzylated Indole Based Alkyl‐Substituted Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidines Targeting Thymidylate Synthase
Authors: Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Singh Ankit , Singh Harshwardhan , Narasimhan Balasubramanian , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer‐related deaths and the third most common cancer worldwide. Because of its importance in DNA biosynthesis, thymidylate synthase (TS) has gathered attention as a promising target for cancer therapy. Herein, we have designed and synthesized 12 novel 5‐(N‐Benzyl indol‐3‐yl) pyrido[2, 3‐d] pyrimidine based derivatives and assessed their anticancer activity against HCT 116, MCF‐7, Hep G2, and PC‐3 cell lines. For compounds 5 a and 5 f TS inhibitory activity was also performed along with in silico studies. Further, all the synthesized compounds exhibited anticancer activity, but particularly, compounds 5 a and 5 f were showed excellent anticancer activity having IC50 values of 1.09±0.61, 5.54±0.81, 6.44±0.91, and 5.12±0.65 μM and 1.03±0.96, 3.09±0.52, 4.12±0.59, and 7.06±0.60 μM respectively with control Raltitrexed (IC50 1.02±0.51, 1.88±0.61, 1.30±0.89, and 2.09±0.67 μM respectively) and hTS inhibitory activity with IC50 of 18.91±1.09 and 16.19±0.96 nM with control Raltitrexed (IC50 12.25±1.21 nM). Further, the mechanism of inhibition was revealed by molecular docking, which showed the binding pattern of 5 a and 5 f to the catalytic site of TS. Additionally, ADME characteristics were also in the acceptable range for these compounds. Based on the anticancer activity, SAR was also performed for lead optimization.
The Co‐UMO‐1 Metal Organic Framework: Solvothermal Synthesis of [Co3{μ3‐O}2(C14H8O6S)2(H2O)3(C2H5OH)] ⋅ 2H2O, Characterizations, and Application in Methylene Blue Removal
Authors: Mansour Manel , Guergueb Mouhieddinne , Missaoui Nadhem , Castillo Celia , Guitierrez Puebla Enrique , Ayed Brahim , Barhoumi Houcine , Demirci Umit B. , Kahri Hamza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe new Co‐based MOF (also called Co‐UMO‐1 MOF with structure of [Co3{μ3‐O}2(C14H8O6S)2(H2O)3(C2H5OH)] ⋅ 2H2O) is solvothermally synthesized in a mixture of water and ethanol at 170 °C for 3 days. The as‐recovered pink‐colored stick‐like crystals crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system P21/c (n° 13), which consists of three crystallographically independent Co(II) elements that adopt the octahedral coordination geometry. The MOF was also successfully characterized by FTIR, SEM, BET, Zeta potential and UV‐Vis spectroscopy, as well as TG and DSC analyses. At pH 7 and 25 °C, Co‐UMO‐1 MOF shows the maximum of its capacity of adsorption (31.5 mgr gr−1) of the methylene blue (MB) dye, which corresponds to an adsorption efficiency of 79 %. The adsorption of MB follows the pseudo‐second order kinetic model, and occurs via the formation of a monolayer onto the surface of the MOF, in line with the Langmuir isotherm model. Adsorption efficiencies higher than 79 % have not been achieved with Co‐UMO‐1 MOF because of electrostatic interactions between the MOF surface and the MB molecules, which has been confirmed by the Temkin isotherm model. In the aforementioned conditions, Co‐UMO‐1 MOF can be reused after regeneration, showing an adsorption efficiency of 76.2 % after five cycles, which is a promising result.
What philosophy can teach political economy about corruption: A non‐ideal theory
Authors: Juarez‐Garcia Mario I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScholars who study political corruption typically assume that it is a pathology. This assumption gives rise to certain problems. On the one hand, scholars who conceive corruption as a principal‐agent problem yield anti‐corruption policies with disappointing results. On the other hand, political economists who grasp the functionality of corruption within inefficient institutions are torn between embracing the functionality of corrupt actions and eradicating them. These issues result from the assumption that corruption is a pathology. Philosophy operates at the level of assumptions, offering a potential avenue for addressing these issues. This paper puts forward a non‐ideal theory of corruption, in which partial compliance with the law is not always seen as a pathology; sometimes corruption includes information about the quality of the law. A non‐ideal theory of corruption puts forward the idea that some cases of corruption result from defective laws rather than defective people.
Berücksichtigung einer exzentrischen Lasteinleitung im Beulnachweis nach der Methode der reduzierten Spannungen in EN 1993‐1‐5
Authors: Thomas Nadine , Ndogmo Joseph , Mensinger Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTeil 1 des vorliegenden Aufsatzes umfasst die Erläuterung der großmaßstäblichen Beulversuche unter biaxialer Belastung, die an der Technischen Universität München im Zuge von Projekten durchgeführt wurden, sowie deren Nachrechnung und Modellierung mit der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode. Das in Teil 1 beschriebene numerische Modell wurde für die nachfolgende Parameterstudie erweitert und geringfügig angepasst. Der Flansch wird in der Modellierung berücksichtigt, damit seine Einspannwirkung erhalten bleibt. Ohne Anschluss eines Bodenblechs oder Flanschs kann eine exzentrische Last nicht in das Stegblech eingeleitet werden, sodass eine gewisse Einspannwirkung unerlässlich ist und somit die Annahme einer Navierschen Lagerung des Rands der exzentrischen Lasteinleitung nicht zutrifft. Die Ergebnisse der numerischen Parameterstudie mit dem entwickelten Modell werden in diesem Teil 2 zunächst kurz zusammengefasst. Anschließend werden die aufnehmbaren Spannungen nach der Methode der reduzierten Spannungen gemäß DIN EN 1993‐1‐5:2019 mit denen der numerischen Berechnung verglichen und bewertet. Dieser Vergleich zeigt, dass bereits durch die Berücksichtigung eines Flanschs bei I‐Querschnitten ein enormes wirtschaftliches Potenzial für den Beulnachweis erschlossen werden kann. Daher wird ein Ansatz entwickelt und vorgestellt, der die Berücksichtigung einer exzentrischen Lasteinleitung im Beulnachweis ermöglicht und gleichzeitig die auftretenden Einspanneffekte konservativ berücksichtigt.