bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid U-Net and Swin-transformer network for limited-angle cardiac computed tomography
Authors: Xu Yongshun , Han Shuo , Wang Dayang , Wang Ge , Maltz Jonathan S , Yu Hengyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is widely used for diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Diagnostic performance depends strongly on the temporal resolution of the CT images. To image the beating heart, one can reduce the scanning time by acquiring limited-angle projections. However, this leads to increased image noise and limited-angle-related artifacts. The goal of this paper is to reconstruct high quality cardiac CT images from limited-angle projections. Approach. The ability to reconstruct high quality images from limited-angle projections is highly desirable and remains a major challenge. With the development of deep learning networks, such as U-Net and transformer networks, progresses have been reached on image reconstruction and processing. Here we propose a hybrid model based on the U-Net and Swin-transformer (U-Swin) networks. The U-Net has the potential to restore structural information due to missing projection data and related artifacts, then the Swin-transformer can gather a detailed global feature distribution. Main results. Using synthetic XCAT and clinical cardiac COCA datasets, we demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art deep learning-based methods. Significance. It has a great potential to freeze the beating heart with a higher temporal resolution.
High functional 3D printed PCL/FSMA magnetic composites
Authors: Lambri Fernando Daniel , Bonifacich Federico Guillermo , Lambri Osvaldo Agustín , Khanna Deepali , Pérez-Landazábal José Ignacio , Recarte Vicente , Sánchez-Alarcos Vicente , Lambri Melania Lucila , Zelada Griselda Irene 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The capacity of adaptability of a three-dimensional-printed composite of polycaprolactone-based containing micro-particles of ferromagnetic shape memory alloy of composition Ni45Mn36.7In13.3Co5 was determined. Composites exhibit an increase in both damping and modulus values up to around 11%, at temperatures close to 325 K, when applying a magnetic field of 120 kA m−1. In addition, composites show also an increase in the damping values of around 50% at temperatures near 333 K, related to the martensitic transformation, which is promoted by an increase in the oscillating strain from 0.5 × 10−4 up to 2 × 10−4 and when applying a magnetic field of 120 kA m−1. Moreover, the maximum temperature of use of the composite can be increased by means of a magnetic field. These adaptability qualities make this functional composite attractive, for the vibration control at elevated temperatures as well as the potential applications in magnetocaloric devices.
Wide-angle metalens array with quadratic phase for terahertz polarization detection
Authors: Qin Chong , Fan Wenhui , Wu Qi , Jiang Xiaoqiang , Yan Hui , Ju Pei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the advances of micro/nano fabrication technology, metasurface has become an alternative to design functional devices for manipulating electromagnetic wave. Metalens is one of the basic electromagnetic functional devices that can be applied in various fields. Currently, polarization measurement based on metalens arrays has been widely investigated, but most of them can only work for normal incident wave due to the limited field-of-view of metalens. Herein, a dielectric wide-angle metalens array (WMA) for the terahertz polarization detection is presented. The WMA is composed of three wide-angle metalenses, each wide-angle metalens is constructed by utilizing quadratic phase profile. The angle tolerance of meta-atoms which constitute the wide-angle metalens is elucidated in detail. The WMA can decompose incident terahertz wave into four channels, and the full Stokes parameters of incident wave is determined by intensities in these four channels. Simulated results show that the WMA proposed here has excellent performance for the polarization detection within incident angle of

±
40
°
.

In addition, this WMA can also be used to detect the phase gradient of incident terahertz wave, the detection error is less than 1.1%. This WMA is promising in the fields of terahertz polarization generation, detection and imaging.
Charge fluctuations on the dust grains in the presence of energetic electrons
Authors: Paul R , Sharma G , Deka K , Moulick R , Adhikari S , Kausik S S , Saikia B K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dust charging is an arbitrary process occurring at random times which results in fluctuations of dust charge around its equilibrium value. To have a better insight into the mechanism of charge fluctuations, a numerical simulation of the statistical nature of the dust charging process is investigated. Here, a multicomponent non-Maxwellian hydrogen plasma comprising two electron groups, positive ions, and dust grains is modelled. An increase in the overall negative dust charge number is reported in the presence of non-Maxwellian electrons. Additionally, the study emphasizes the role of electron distribution and hot electron temperature and density on the charge fluctuations of the dust grains.
Numerical approach on time-fractional Sawada-Kotera equation based on fuzzy extension of generalized dual parametric homotopy algorithm
Authors: Al-Saedi Akeel A , Verma Lalchand , Meher Ramakanta , Nikan Omid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper develops a fuzzy non-linear fifth-order time-fractional Sawada-Kotera model with a singular kernel and a non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel. The proposed fractional differential equation is discussed with the Caputo and ABC fractional derivative under strongly generalized results and with fuzzy modelling. A novel double parametric scheme, i.e., q-homotopy analysis generalized transform approach (q-HAGTM), is considered to find the solution of the proposed model with Caputo and ABC fractional derivatives. The problem’s uniqueness and convergence analysis are investigated using Banach’s fixed point theorem. Finally, the numerical results are validated by comparing them with the available results in Caputo and ABC sense under strongly generalized derivatives in the crisp case.
Enhancing CMB map reconstruction and power spectrum estimation with convolutional neural networks
Authors: Costanza Belén , Scóccola Claudia G. , Zaldarriaga Matías 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The accurate reconstruction of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) maps and the measurement of its power spectrum are
crucial for studying the early universe. In this paper, we implement a convolutional neural network to apply the Wiener Filter to CMB temperature maps, and use it intensively to compute an optimal quadratic estimation of the power spectrum.
Our neural network has a UNet architecture as that implemented in WienerNet, but with novel aspects such as being written in python 3 and TensorFlow 2. It also includes an extra channel for the noise variance map, to account for inhomogeneous noise, and a channel for the mask.
The network is very efficient, overcoming the bottleneck that is typically found in standard methods to compute the Wiener Filter, such as those that apply the conjugate gradient. It scales efficiently with the size of the map, making it a useful tool to include in CMB data analysis.
The accuracy of the Wiener Filter reconstruction is satisfactory, as compared with the standard method. We heavily use this approach to efficiently estimate the power spectrum, by performing a simulation-based analysis of the optimal quadratic estimator. We further
evaluate the quality of the reconstructed maps in terms of the power spectrum and find that we can properly recover the statistical properties of the signal.
We find that the proposed architecture can account for inhomogeneous noise efficiently. Furthermore, increasing the complexity of the variance map presents a more significant challenge for the convergence of the network than the noise level does.
A nearby source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays
Authors: Kuznetsov Mikhail Yu. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recently the Telescope Array collaboration reported an observation of cosmic ray event with very high energy 244 EeV (2.44 × 1020 eV). Importantly, the event is hard to correlate with the matter distribution in the local Universe, even after taking into account deflections in magnetic fields. This implies that the event is likely a nucleus with a large charge. An attenuation length of the nucleus of such a high energy in intergalactic space is quite small, therefore its source should be relatively close to our Galaxy. Using these arguments we derive a new upper bound on a distance to the closest ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) source and a lower bound on the UHECR source number density in general. The distance to the closest source should not exceed 5 Mpc at 95% C.L. and the 95% C.L. lower-bound on the sources number density is ρ > 1.0 × 10-4 Mpc-3. The number density of UHECR sources emitting heavy nuclei is constrained for the first time.
An improved simple model for α decay half-lives*
Authors: Zhu 朱 Xiao-Yan 小彦 , Luo 骆 Song 松 , Gao 高 Wei 玮 , Qi 亓 Lin-Jing 林静 , Li 李 Ming 明 , Li 李 Xiao-Hua 小华 , Lin 林 Wen-Bin 文斌 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, using the α particle preformation probabilities

from Xu et al. [Xu and Ren, Nucl. Phys. A 760, 303 (2005)], which were extracted by fitting experimental half-lives of α decay, based on a phenomenological harmonic oscillator potential model (HOPM) [Bayrak, J Phys G 47, 025102 (2020)], refitting 178 α decay half-lives of even-even nuclei obtained from the latest nuclear property table NUBASE2020, we obtain the only one adjustable parameter

MeV in the HOPM, i.e., the depth of nuclear potential. The corresponding root-mean-square (rms) deviation is

. Furthermore, to consider the contribution of centrifugal potential to unfavored α decay half-lives, adding a new term

(d and l are the adjustable parameter and orbital angular momentum carried away by emitted α particle) to the logarithmic form of favored α decay half-lives under the HOPM framework, we propose an improved simple model (ISM) for calculating favored and unfavored α decay half-lives. Fitting the experimental half-lives of 205 unfavored α decay, we obtain

. The ISM is used to calculate the unfavored α decay half-lives of 128 odd-A and 77 odd-odd nuclei. The results improve by 54.2% and 53.6%, respectively, compared with HOPM. In addition, we extend the ISM to predict the α decay half-lives of 144 nuclei with

, and 120. For comparison, the improved model with eight parameters (DUR) proposed by Deng et al. [Deng, Phys. Rev. C 101, 034307 (2020)] and the modified universal decay law (MUDL) proposed by Soylu et al. [Soylu, Nucl. Phys. A 1013, 122221 (2021)] are also used. The predictions of these models and/or formulas are generally consistent with each other.
The ALMA-QUARKS Survey. II. The ACA 1.3 mm Continuum Source Catalog and the Assembly of Dense Gas in Massive Star-Forming Clumps
Authors: Xu 许 Fengwei 峰玮 , Wang Ke , Liu Tie , Zhu Lei , Garay Guido , Liu Xunchuan , Goldsmith Paul , Zhang Qizhou , Sanhueza Patricio , Qin Shengli , He Jinhua , Juvela Mika , Tej Anandmayee , Liu Hongli , Li Shanghuo , Morii Kaho , Zhang Siju , Zhou Jianwen , Stutz Amelia , Evans Neal J. , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Shengyuan , Mardones Diego , Li Guangxing , Bronfman Leonardo , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Lee Chang Won , Lu Xing , Mai Xiaofeng , Jiao Sihan , Chibueze James O. , Su Keyun , Tóth Viktor L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Leveraging the high resolution, sensitivity, and wide frequency coverage of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), the QUARKS survey, standing for “Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures”, is observing 139 massive star-forming clumps at ALMA Band 6 (λ ∼ 1.3 mm). This paper introduces the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) 7 m data of the QUARKS survey, describing the ACA observations and data reduction. Combining multi-wavelength data, we provide the first edition of QUARKS atlas, offering insights into the multiscale and multiphase interstellar medium in high-mass star formation. The ACA 1.3 mm catalog includes 207 continuum sources that are called ACA sources. Their gas kinetic temperatures are estimated using three formaldehyde transitions with a non-LTE radiation transfer model, and the mass and density are derived from a dust emission model. The ACA sources are massive (16–84 percentile values of 6–160 M
⊙), gravity-dominated (M ∝ R
1.1) fragments within massive clumps, with supersonic turbulence (

M
>
1

) and embedded star-forming protoclusters. We find a linear correlation between the masses of the fragments and the massive clumps, with a ratio of 6% between the two. When considering fragments as representative of dense gas, the ratio indicates a dense gas fraction (DGF) of 6%, although with a wide scatter ranging from 1% to 10%. If we consider the QUARKS massive clumps to be what is observed at various scales, then the size-independent DGF indicates a self-similar fragmentation or collapsing mode in protocluster formation. With the ACA data over four orders of magnitude of luminosity-to-mass ratio (L/M), we find that the DGF increases significantly with L/M, which indicates clump evolutionary stage. We observed a limited fragmentation at the subclump scale, which can be explained by a dynamic global collapse process.
Hydrogen removal by electron cyclotron wall conditioning with neon gas and its impact of tokamak plasma start-up on the QUEST spherical tokamak
Authors: Fukumoto Masakatsu , Yue Qilin , Hanada Kazuaki , Kojima Shinichiro , Nakano Tomohide , Yoshida Naoaki , Ikezoe Ryuya , Nagashima Yoshihiko , Ido Takeshi , Onchi Takumi , Idei Hiroshi , Iguchi Hiroki , Komiyama Takumi , Shikama Taiichi , Ejiri Akira , Masuzaki Suguru , Sakamoto Mizuki , Ueda Yoshio , Kuroda Kengoh , Kono Kaori , Shimabukuro Shun , Higashijima Aki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Electron cyclotron wall conditioning with neon gas (Ne-ECWC) has been performed on the normal conducting spherial tokamak QUEST with metal walls under a trapped particle configuration with O-mode EC waves including X-mode polarization with a frequency of 8.2 GHz and an injection power of 16 kW. The Ne-ECWC removes hydrogen from the wall with small neon retention. The Ne-ECWC decreases hydrogen recycling at the following tokamak discharges, contributing to an improvement of the following tokamak plasma start-up: the plasma current increases and the start-up timing of the plasma current shifts forward. However, defects such as voids and bubbles are formed on tungsten surface exposed to the Ne-ECWC plasma.
Status of dual-readout calorimetry for future high-energy physics experiments
Authors: Pareti A. ,   the IDEA dual-readout calorimeter group
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Future experiments at high energy e
+
e
- colliders will focus on extremely precise Standard Model measurements. Among the most important physics benchmarks, there is the capability to resolve the Higgs decays into W or Z pairs, in their completely hadronic decay modes (4 jets in the final state), only based on the invariant mass of the jet pair coming from decay of the on-shell boson. This translates into a relative energy resolution target of 30%/√E, well beyond current detector performances. Dual-readout calorimetry is a technique which aims to improve the energy resolution, for single hadrons and hadronic jets, exploiting the information produced by two different physical processes, namely scintillation and Čerenkov light emission. The IDEA detector, whose concept has been included in both the FCC and CEPC Conceptual Design Reports, is based on a dual-readout fibre calorimeter with independent fibre readout exploiting Silicon PhotoMultipliers (SiPMs). The individual SiPM information will be beneficial for a highly granular calorimeter design, opening up to advanced reconstruction techniques such as Particle Flow and a variety of neural network algorithms.
In this paper the status of calorimeter prototypes that have been developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the dual-readout method in association with the high granularity feature is illustrated. The specific choice for the design of each prototype is presented, together with the performances achieved at high-energy test beams or through simulations.
The analog front end for FastRICH: an ASIC for the LHCb RICH detector upgrade
Authors: Manera R. , Ballabriga R. , Mauricio J. , Kaplon J. , Paterno A. , Bandi F. , Gómez S. , Pulli A. , Portero S. , Silva J. , Keizer F. , d'Ambrosio C. , Campbell M. , Gascón D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work presents the analog circuitry of the FastRICH ASIC, a 16-channel ASIC, developed
in a 65 nm CMOS technology specifically designed for the RICH detector at LHCb to readout
detectors like Photomultiplier Tubes to be used at the LHC Run 4 and Silicon Photomultipliers
candidates for Run 5. The front-end (FE) stage has an input impedance below 50 Ω and an
input dynamic range from 5 μA to 5 mA with a power consumption of ∼5 mW/channel. The chip
includes a Leading Edge Comparator (LED) and a Constant Fraction Discriminator (CFD) for time
pick-off and a Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) for digitization.
Fibroblast matrix implants—a better alternative for incisional hernia repair?
Authors: Hendrawan Siufui , Lheman Jennifer , Weber Ursula , Oberkofler Christian Eugen , Eryani Astheria , Vonlanthen René , Baer Hans Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The standard surgical procedure for abdominal hernia repair with conventional prosthetic mesh still results in a high recurrence rate. In the present study, we propose a fibroblast matrix implant (FMI), which is a three-dimensional (3D) poly-L-lactic acid scaffold coated with collagen (matrix) and seeded with fibroblasts, as an alternative mesh for hernia repair. The matrix was seeded with fibroblasts (cellularized) and treated with a conditioned medium (CM) of human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUC-MSC). Fibroblast proliferation and function were assessed and compared between treated with CM hUC-MSC and untreated group, 24 h after seeding onto the matrix (n = 3). To study the matrices in vivo, the hernia was surgically created on male Sprague Dawley rats and repaired with four different grafts (n = 3), including a commercial mesh (mesh group), a matrix without cells (cell-free group), a matrix seeded with fibroblasts (FMI group), and a matrix seeded with fibroblasts and cultured in medium treated with 1% CM hUC-MSC (FMI-CM group). In vitro examination showed that the fibroblasts’ proliferation on the matrices (treated group) did not differ significantly compared to the untreated group. CM hUC-MSC was able to promote the collagen synthesis of the fibroblasts, resulting in a higher collagen concentration compared to the untreated group. Furthermore, the in vivo study showed that the matrices allowed fibroblast growth and supported cell functionality for at least 1 month after implantation. The highest number of fibroblasts was observed in the FMI group at the 14 d endpoint, but at the 28 d endpoint, the FMI-CM group had the highest. Collagen deposition area and neovascularization at the implantation site were observed in all groups without any significant difference between the groups. FMI combined with CM hUC-MSC may serve as a better option for hernia repair, providing additional reinforcement which in turn should reduce hernia recurrence.
Interannual synchronization of the North American summer monsoon and the North Atlantic tropical cyclone genesis frequency
Authors: Luo Jianzhou , Weng Jinwen , Luo Weijian , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Variations of the North American summer monsoon (NASM) and North Atlantic tropical cyclone (NATC) activities strongly influence climate anomalies in North America, with serious potential risk to life and property. Despite the scientific importance of this topic, the possible linkage between the NASM and the NATC genesis frequency remains unexplored. Here, we aim to examine the relationship between interannual variations of the NASM intensity and the NATC genesis frequency based on observations and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models. Our results show a strong association between the NASM intensity and the NATC genesis frequency during the extended boreal summer, with a good synchronization between their interannual variations. In years with stronger (weaker) NASM intensity, the NATC genesis frequency tends to be higher (lower). The observed NASM–NATC synchronization may be explained by two pathways: tropical-ocean-driven pathway and monsoon-heating-driven pathway. In the tropical-ocean-driven pathway, the tropical Pacific and Atlantic interbasin sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies play a critical role in bridging the NASM and NATC, by modulating the cross-Central American wind. Simulations of the tropical Pacific–Atlantic interbasin SST anomalies are critical for CMIP6 models to capture the observed linkage between the NASM and the vertical wind shear over the NATC main development region (MDR). In the monsoon-heating-driven pathway, the heating source due to the rainfall anomalies associated with the NASM can trigger atmospheric circulation anomalies through the Gill-type response, thereby affecting the NATC by changing the vertical wind shear over the MDR. This study demonstrates a connection between interannual variations of the NASM and the NATC genesis frequency, results of which can be used to advance our understanding of the monsoon–TC relationship and increase research focus on the interannual NASM–NATC synchronization in climate prediction.
Analysis of Feeding Habits and Biological Aspect of Yellow Stripe Trevally (Selaroides leptolepis) Caught at the Lekok Coast, Pasuruan, East Java
Authors: Herawati E Y , Wiratno E N , Rusydi A N , Elisabet O , Valina R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The fish population in waters can decrease due to the uncontrolled utilization of fish resources. Food is one of the determining factors for the population and condition of fish in the waters. Considering the economic and ecological importance of the yellow trevally in food webs, this research was conducted to analyze the feeding habits and biological aspects of the yellow trevally in Pesisir Lekok. This study used a descriptive data analysis with complete randomized design. The research was conducted from May to July 2023 at Pesisir Lekok, Pasuruan, East Java. The results showed that the yellow trevally is carnivorous with the dominant food found being zooplankton from the genus Microcalanus sp. with a frequency of occurrence of 41%. The highest plankton composition found in the stomach of the yellow trevally was the phytoplankton of the Aulacoseira genus, which was 22.2%. Meanwhile, the foods most preferred by the yellow trevally are Rotifera and Charophyta with an index value of +1. The biological aspect of the yellow trevally seen from the length-weight relationship shows that the growth pattern of the yellow trevally is negative allometric with a b value of 2.651. While the condition factor range average values are 1.009 – 1.027. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for efforts to support the sustainable management of fisheries resources, especially the yellow trevally in the coastal waters of Lekok.