bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Miserere d'après Palestrina: Die Geschichte eines musikalischen Zitats von der Sixtinischen Kapelle bis zu Liszts Komposition
Authors: Domokos Zsuzsanna 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Die Abhandlung versucht, die Autorschaft des Themas Miserere d'après Palestrina, des achten Stückes von Liszts Klavierzyklus Harmonies poétiques et religieuses, nach der Tradition der Sixtinischen Kapelle zu erörtern. Das Miserere-Thema ist für die Liszt-Forschung nicht nur bei der Bestimmung der Inspirationsquelle wichtig, sondern erweist sich auch beim Vergleich mit anderen Themen von ähnlicher Fauxbourdon-Struktur als interessant. Von immer weiteren Perspektiven betrachtet, verspricht die Untersuchung des Tons der Komposition neue Zusammenhänge für den Aufbau des ganzen Zyklus und führt schließlich zur Festellung der Herausbildung eines eigenartigen Intonationskreises, dessen Entwicklung im Lebenswerk Liszts später eindeutig verfolgt werden kann.
In Beethoven's and Wagner's footsteps: Phrase structures and Satzketten in the instrumental music of Béla Bartók
Authors: Broman Per F. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Recent studies of formal structure in themes in the Classical repertoire (William Caplin) as well as the music of Wagner (Matthew BaileyShea) point towards the enormous importance and potential of the Sentence phrase structure with its hybrid forms for analyzing tonal music. Initially described by Schoenberg, a Sentence is phrase consisting two main events of equal length, a presentation phrase (consisting of one repeated basic idea) and a continuation phrase. In this paper I will demonstrate Bartók's dependence upon Classical and Romantic phrase structures, including the Sentence, and also the Classical Period (consisting of an antecedent and consequent phrase). In both his small-and large-scale works, Bartók's sentences display a Classical coherence, despite the lack of a functional harmonic framework, due to their clear formal articulation and clearly defined modal pitch centers. Bartók also utilized chains of Sentences, Satzketten, in several works including Concerto for Orchestra. I will describe the different paradigmatic types utilized by Bartók in works such as Divertimento, the String Quartets, along with the Violin and Piano Concertos. Particularly significant is how Bartók alters the repeated basic idea and elaborates the continuation phrase and the creation of compound forms.
Divergierende Schichten eines ästhetischen Manifests? Anmerkungen zu Herzog Blaubarts Burg
Authors: Jezovšek Veronika 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Die Komplexität der Oper Bartóks basiert unter anderem auf der gelungenen Synthese der kompositorischen Strukturen mit einem andeutungsreichen Libretto. Aus teils offensichtlichen, teils verborgenen Beziehungen zwischen den Materialebenen und den mit ihnen transportierten symbolischen Gehalten resultiert ein Netzwerk von Assoziationen, das sehr unterschiedliche Deutungen erlaubt und selbst sich logisch ausschließende Aussagen miteinander verbindet. Dadurch entsteht die Frage nach der Absicht solch ‚kryptischer‘ Botschaft in Herzog Blaubarts Burg.
Dynamic Simulations With an Improved Model for Foam Generation
Authors: Kam Seung Ihl , Nguyen Quoc Phuc , Li Qichong , Rossen William Richard 
Published: March 2007

Summary
We present the first 1D simulations of dynamic foam displacements with a population-balance model incorporating bubble creation controlled by pressure gradient. For the first time, a population-balance model is fit to steady-state experimental data for both the three foam states (coarse foam, intermediate, and strong foam) and the two strong-foam regimes (low-quality and high-quality) observed in laboratory studies. Simulations confirm the stability of the coarse-foam and strong-foam states to small perturbations, and the instability of the intermediate state, at fixed injection rates.
In dynamic displacements, the model shows foam generation as injection rates increase, or as liquid fraction of injected fluids increases, in agreement with laboratory observations.
When coarse foam is created instead of strong foam, there is a narrow region of finer foam predicted near the gas displacement front. This region appears to play a role in foam generation. However, in the limited cases examined here, foam generation occurs at roughly the same injection rate as predicted by local-steady-state theory. Because of this narrow region of finer-textured foam, fronts can be sharper than estimated from fractional-flow theory assuming a constant effective gas viscosity at its steady-state value behind the displacement front.
If a strong foam forms in the low-quality regime, the kinetics of foam generation and destruction affects the length of the entrance region in which foam forms. Therefore, the length of the entrance region can be used to calibrate the kinetic parameters in the model. The displacement front and the bank behind it, however, are essentially what one would have predicted from local-steady-state modeling. The complexities of population-balance modeling are not necessary, if it is known that strong foam will be created.

Introduction
Foam can improve sweep efficiency in gas-injection improved oil recovery (IOR) processes (Schramm 1994; Rossen 1996; Terdre 2003), redirect acid flow in matrix acid stimulation (Gdanski 1993; Cheng et al. 2002; Nguyen et al. 2003), and increase the efficiency of environmental remediation of aquifers (Hirasaki et al. 2000; Mamun et al. 2002). A continuing goal of foam research is the development of a fully mechanistic, predictive model. This paper describes efforts toward such a model and insights gained from application of the model to dynamic displacements. Before providing a detailed description of the model, it is worthwhile to review the mechanisms of foam in porous media and the experimental observations that the model attempts to reproduce.
After the flood: an evaluation of in-home drinking water treatment with combined flocculent-disinfectant following Tropical Storm Jeanne — Gonaives, Haiti, 2004
Authors: Colindres Romulo E. , Jain Seema , Bowen Anna , Mintz Eric , Domond Polyana 
Published: March 2007

Tropical Storm Jeanne struck Haiti in September 2004, causing widespread flooding which contaminated water sources, displaced thousands of families and killed approximately 2,800 people. Local leaders distributed PūR®, a flocculent-disinfectant product for household water treatment, to affected populations. We evaluated knowledge, attitudes, practices, and drinking water quality among a sample of PūR® recipients.
We interviewed representatives of 100 households in three rural communities who received PūR® and PūR®-related education. Water sources were tested for fecal contamination and turbidity; stored household water was tested for residual chlorine.
All households relied on untreated water sources (springs [66%], wells [15%], community taps [13%], and rivers [6%]). After distribution, PūR® was the most common in-home treatment method (58%) followed by chlorination (30%), plant-based flocculation (6%), boiling (5%), and filtration (1%). Seventy-eight percent of respondents correctly answered five questions about how to use PūR®; 81% reported PūR® easy to use; and 97% reported that PūR®-treated water appears, tastes, and smells better than untreated water. Although water sources tested appeared clear, fecal coliform bacteria were detected in all sources (range 1 – &gt;200 cfu/100 ml). Chlorine was present in 10 (45%) of 22 stored drinking water samples in households using PūR®.
PūR® was well-accepted and properly used in remote communities where local leaders helped with distribution and education. This highly effective water purification method can help protect disaster-affected communities from waterborne disease.
Opportunistic Aspergillus pathogens measured in home and hospital tap water by quantitative PCR (QPCR)
Authors: Vesper S. J. , Rogers M. E. , Neely A. N. , Haugland R. A. 
Published: March 2007

Opportunistic fungal pathogens are a concern because of the increasing number of immunocompromised patients. The goal of this research was to test a simple extraction method and rapid quantitative PCR (QPCR) measurement of the occurrence of potential pathogens, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger, in home tap water and a hospital water supply.
Water samples were taken from the kitchen tap in the homes of 60 patients who were diagnosed with legionellosis. Water samples were also taken from three locations in a hospital that generated all of its hot water by flash heating. Opportunistic infectious agents Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger were measured using QPCR. Aspergillus terreus DNA was found in 16.7% and A. fumigatus DNA in 1.7% of the samples taken from the kitchen tap. None of the Aspergillus species were found in any of the hospital water samples.
The development of a simple DNA extraction method along with QPCR analysis is suitable for rapid screening of tap water for opportunistic fungal pathogens. This simple method can be used to obtain pathogen occurrence results in about 3 h, instead of waiting days to weeks for culture data. Obtaining pathogen occurrence data in a timely manner could promote the elimination of the pathogens from the water supply of immunocompromised patients.
Water resources and waste water management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro
Authors: Kaštelan-Macan Marija , Ahel Marijan , Horvat Alka J. M. , Jabučar Dalila , Jovančić Petar 
Published: March 2007

This work provides an inventory of water resources and presents the current status of water supply, water quality as well as wastewater management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, established after the break-up of the former Yugoslavia.
All three countries are very rich in water resources, pertaining in a large percentage to the Adriatic and Black Sea basins. However, this richness is not adequately reflected in the current status of the public water supply. Water supply is satisfactory only in bigger cities, whereas rural populations still largely depend on the local sources. Furthermore, with respect to integrated water management, there is a big discrepancy between the capacities of water supply and drainage and those for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. Only a small percentage of wastewaters receive at least some treatment, putting those receiving natural waters at considerable risk. Nevertheless, available reports on the water quality of ambient waters do not reveal the existence of this problem on a wider scale, but indicate only few hot spots. Microbiological pollution near big cities and patchy elevated levels of heavy metals and organic pollutants around industrial plants and agricultural lands belong to these exceptions. Such a relatively favourable situation is, partly, a consequence of a significant decrease in economic activities, which is characteristic of all transition countries, but it also reveals the impact of the recent wars in the region.
Political and military conflicts in the region generated mutual distrust and lack of cooperation between the three countries. However, attempts are being made to resolve most of the issues related to cross-border contamination by signing international and regional treaties.
As a part of pre-accession activities, all three states are harmonizing their legislation with the EU and are joining scientific projects on the water protection of other western countries. This is expected to bring considerable benefits to the local population and to make economic development more vigorous.
Rehabilitation of an Elite Gymnast With a Type II Manubriosternal Dislocation
Authors: Pidcoe Peter E , Burnet Evie N 
Published: March 2007

Background and Purpose
This case report describes the rehabilitation of an elite, 15-year-old gymnast after a nonreduced type II manubriosternal dislocation. The rehabilitation took place in a gymnastics venue but was guided by a physician and a licensed physical therapist.

Case Description
The gymnast participated in a 13-week rehabilitation program for range of motion and strengthening that was based on a biomechanical hierarchy. Rehabilitation began at week 2 after injury for the lower extremities and at week 4 for the upper extremities.

Outcomes
By week 4, the patient began upper-extremity strengthening, and by week 6, the patient had no pain with palpation and tolerated light sternal loading. At week 9, a plain-film radiograph revealed a stable manubriosternal joint, and by week 13, the patient returned to gymnastics pain-free.

Discussion
This case report shows that, after a 13-week regimen of progressive and repetitive, cyclical tensile and compressive loading, the manubriosternal joint was stable, and the elite gymnast was able to return to the sport, successfully competing in a regional competition.
Optimal design of thermochemical reactors based on constructal approach
Authors: Azoumah Y. , Neveu P. , Mazet N. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis work aims to optimize the design of thermochemical reactors such as solid/gas fixed bed reactors working in dynamic mode. The optimization is based on the constructal approach. A thermodynamic criterion, the ratio of reactor output power to its entropy generation, has to be used to take into account the coupled phenomena and the end purpose of such reactors. Two reactors are considered with same overall volume, but different internal configuration of collectors (constructal scales): a “basic” single‐scale configuration (basic reactor), and a “constructal” two‐scale configuration (constructal 1 reactor). Reaction rates notably vary with reactor shape, and an optimal shape factor is found for each reactor, depending on the reactant material density. For both reactors, an important remark is pointed out: the correspondence between the maximum of power/entropy ratio (PER) and the highest reaction rate. Comparison between the optimal basic and constructal 1 reactors shows that the latter presents higher energy efficiency (based on second law analysis), but lower output power than the first. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Sodium phenyl butyrate downregulates endothelin‐1 expression in cultured human endothelial cells: Relevance to sickle‐cell disease
Authors: Odièvre Marie‐Hélène , Brun Manuel , Krishnamoorthy Rajagopal , Lapouméroulie Claudine , Elion Jacques 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAs hydroxyurea (HU), sodium phenyl butyrate (SPB) is known to induce fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression and thus shows potentials for sickle‐cell disease (SCD) treatment. More recently, few studies suggested that endothelial cells (ECs), a major pathophysiological actor of SCD, are also a target of SPB. Here, we show that SPB, as HU, reduces endothelin‐1 mRNA expression and peptide release by human ECs in culture. SPB increases VCAM‐1 and ICAM‐1 mRNAs and soluble ICAM‐1 release. Both drugs have a cumulative effect on ICAM‐1 expression. We conclude that SPB, as HU, also affects the expression of molecules important to the pathophysiology of SCD, in addition to its effect on HbF. Its potential as an alternative or adjuvant drug in SCD treatment warrants further investigations. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A primate model for Alzheimer's disease: Investigation of the apolipoprotein E profile of the vervet monkey of St. Kitts
Authors: Fainman J. , Eid M.‐D. , Ervin F.R. , Palmour R.M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe apolipoprotein E4 allele has been previously associated with late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). The major neuropathology of AD, senile (amyloid) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles, has been observed in the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops). To further assess the suitability of the vervet as a model for AD, we undertook to determine the sequence of the vervet apoE exon 4 and to genotype an unrelated group of 30 aged animals raging from 15 to 28 years of age. All 30 animals were homozygous for the E4 allele. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
No evidence for association between 19 cholinergic genes and bipolar disorder
Authors: Shi Jiajun , Hattori Eiji , Zou Hongwei , Badner Judith A. , Christian Susan L. , Gershon Elliot S. , Liu Chunyu 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCholinergic dysfunction has been proposed for the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD), and we have therefore performed a systematic association study of cholinergic system genes in BD (including schizoaffective disorder bipolar type). We genotyped 93 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 19 genes (CHAT, CHRM1‐5, CHRNA1‐7, CHRNA9, CHRNA10, and CHRNB1‐4) in two series of samples: the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Genetics Initiative pedigrees with 474 samples from 152 families, and the Clinical Neurogenetics (CNG) pedigrees with 83 samples from 22 multiplex families. Sib‐transmission/disequilibrium test (sib_TDT) analysis showed nominally significant transmission bias for four SNPs (CHRNA2: rs7017417, P = 0.024; CHRNA5: rs514743, P = 0.031; CHRNB1: rs2302762, P = 0.049; CHRNB4: rs1948, P = 0.031). Haploview analyses showed nominally significant transmission bias of several haplotypes in CHRNA2, CHRNA7, CHRNB1, and CHRNB4, respectively. However, none of these associations reached gene‐wide significance after correction by permutation. Alcohol dependence (including alcohol abuse) was not a significant covariate in the present genetic association analysis. Thus, it is unlikely that these 19 cholinergic genes play a major role in the pre‐disposition to BD in these pedigrees. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association studies of 23 positional/functional candidate genes on chromosome 10 in late‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Morgan A.R. , Turic D. , Jehu L. , Hamilton G. , Hollingworth P. , Moskvina V. , Jones L. , Lovestone S. , Brayne C. , Rubinsztein D.C. , Lawlor B. , Gill M. , O'Donovan M.C. , Owen M.J. , Williams J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLate‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, with a complex etiology. APOE is the only confirmed susceptibility gene for LOAD. Others remain yet to be found. Evidence from linkage studies suggests that a gene (or genes) conferring susceptibility for LOAD resides on chromosome 10. We studied 23 positional/functional candidate genes from our linkage region on chromosome 10 (APBB1IP, ALOX5, AD037, SLC18A3, DKK1, ZWINT, ANK3, UBE2D1, CDC2, SIRT1, JDP1, NET7, SUPV3L1, NEN3, SAR1, SGPL1, SEC24C, CAMK2G, PP3CB, SNCG, CH25H, PLCE1, ANXV111) in the MRC genetic resource for LOAD. These candidates were screened for sequence polymorphisms in a sample of 14 LOAD subjects and detected polymorphisms tested for association with LOAD in a three‐stage design involving two stages of genotyping pooled DNA samples followed by a third stage in which markers showing evidence for association in the first stages were subjected to individual genotyping. One hundred and twenty polymorphisms were identified and tested in stage 1 (4 case + 4 control pools totaling 366 case and 366 control individuals). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing evidence of association with LOAD were then studied in stage 2 (8 case + 4 control pools totaling 1,001 case and 1,001 control individuals). Five SNPs, in four genes, showed evidence for association (P < 0.1) at stage 2 and were individually genotyped in the complete dataset, comprising 1,160 LOAD cases and 1,389 normal controls. Two SNPs in SGPL1 demonstrated marginal evidence of association, with uncorrected P values of 0.042 and 0.056, suggesting that variation in SGPL1 may confer susceptibility to LOAD. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in pennate muscle architecture after gradual tibial lengthening in goats
Authors: Elsalanty Mohammed , Makarov Marina , Cherkashin Alexander , Birch John , Samchukov Mikhail 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to examine the changes in unipennate muscle architecture after distraction osteogenesis. Nine adult goats underwent 20% tibial lengthening in one of the hind limbs. Immediately after distraction, lengthened and contralateral (untreated) tibialis caudalis (TC) muscles were harvested. Lengths of the muscle belly, muscle fiber (FL), sarcomere (SL), tendon (TL), and superficial aponeurosis, as well as muscle mass, pennation angle (PA), and physiological cross‐sectional area (PCSA), were compared between the treated and contralateral sides. Lengthened TC muscle demonstrated 20.8% increase in belly length, 4.39% increase in TL, and 36.7% increase in FL, while PA decreased by 37.2% (P = 008). Muscle length increase was mainly due to lengthening of muscle belly, which resulted both from FL increase and 15.3% length increase in the aponeurosis component of muscle belly, without significant effect of the PA decrease. The FL increase was due to SL increase, not to sarcomere neogenesis, while mass and PCSA did not change. We concluded that although muscle architecture can be adversely affected by distraction because of deficient sarcomere neogenesis, PCSA can remain unchanged, giving false impression of preserved function. Change in PA plays only minimal role in muscle adaptation to distraction. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in E‐ and N‐cadherin expression in developing rat adenohypophysis
Authors: Kikuchi Motoshi , Yatabe Megumi , Kouki Tom , Fujiwara Ken , Takigami Shu , Sakamoto Atsushi , Yashiro Takashi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRecently, we showed that hormone‐producing cells express N‐cadherin, while folliculo‐stellate cells and marginal layer cells express E‐cadherin in the adult rat anterior pituitary gland. These cells are believed to originate from a single cell population of the adenohypophyseal placode. In the present study, we immunohistochemically examined the divergence of cadherin types during pituitary histogenesis. Pituitary glands were excised from rats of embryonic day 11 (E11) through postnatal day 60 (P60) and paraffin sections were prepared. E‐ and N‐cadherins were immunostained sequentially using monoclonal and polyclonal primary antibodies and fluorescent secondary antibodies. At E11, E‐cadherin was expressed over oral epithelium, while N‐cadherin expression was limited to the primordium of Rathke's pouch. When Rathke's pouch was formed at E13, E‐ and N‐cadherin were broadly expressed in the entire cell population. N‐cadherin was expressed particularly intensely in the layer of cells that faced the lumen. From E14 through E16, the majority of cells expressed both types of cadherins; however, the cell population to become the pars tuberalis expressed N‐cadherin but not E‐cadherin. From E18 through E20, when many hormone‐producing cells appear, the number of cells that expressed N‐cadherin alone increased. However, some cell populations in the pars distalis and multilayered marginal cells still expressed both cadherins. After birth, most of the cells came to express only one of the cadherin types. These results may suggest that undetermined adenohypophyseal cells express both E‐ and N‐cadherin, but come to express either E‐ or N‐cadherin during cytogenesis. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The dynamics of interactive information retrieval behavior, Part I: An activity theory perspective
Authors: Xu Yunjie 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHuman information‐seeking behavior is a topic of increasing interest in many disciplines. However, the dynamics of this behavior remain elusive. The extant research has taken cognitive and behavioral perspectives to study information‐seeking behavior, and observed its dynamics in multiple sessions. However, the underlying mechanisms that govern the dynamics of information‐seeking behavior are not well understood. With a focus on interactive information retrieval behavior, this study proposes an integrated framework based on activity theory. This framework is not only comprehensive and integrated, but also offers an explanation of the mechanisms governing the interaction between users' cognitive states and their manifested behavior when using an information retrieval system. A set of four propositions are advanced to describe the mechanisms. The implications are discussed.