bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study on the protective effect of remazolam against sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: Gao Xiaoxin , Zhang Rujun , Wang Zhenzhou , Chen Qingan , Lei Zhenlin , Yang Yanan , Tian Jia 
Published: April 2024

Background
Sepsis can disrupt immune regulation and lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) frequently. Remazolam, a fast-acting hypnotic drug with superior qualities compared to other drugs, was investigated for its potential protective effects against sepsis-induced ARDS.

Methods
Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, including the sepsis + saline group, sham operation + saline group, sham operation + remazolam group and the sepsis + remazolam group. Lung tissues of rats were extracted for HE staining to assess lung damage, and the wet weight to dry weight (W/D) ratio was calculated. The levels of proinflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood, MDA, MPO, and ATP in the lung tissue were measured by using ELISA. Western blotting was performed to determine the protein expression of HMGB1 in lung tissues.

Results
In comparison to the sham operation + saline and sham operation + remazolam groups, the sepsis + saline group exhibited significantly higher values for W/D ratio, lung damage score, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PCT, CRP, MDP and MPO, while exhibiting lower levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, PaO2, PCO2, and ATP. The rats in the sepsis + saline group displayed ruptured alveolar walls and evident interstitial lung edema. However, the rats in the sepsis + remazolam group showed improved alveolar structure. Furthermore, the HMGB1 protein expression in the sepsis + remazolam group was lower than the sepsis + saline group.

Conclusion
Remazolam can alleviate the inflammatory response in infected rats, thereby alleviating lung injury and improving immune function, which may be attributed to the reduction in HMGB1 protein expression.
Novel monoclonal antibodies against house dust mite allergen Der p 21 and their application to analyze allergen extracts
Authors: Rudokas Vytautas , Silimavicius Laimis , Kucinskaite-Kodze Indre , Sliziene Aiste , Pleckaityte Milda , Zvirbliene Aurelija 
Published: April 2024

Background
Allergen extracts and recombinant allergens are used in allergy diagnostics and immunotherapy. Since allergen extracts from different manufacturers lack proper standardization regarding their composition, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against specific allergen components can be used for their identification and quantification in allergen extracts. This study aimed to generate MAbs against allergen Der p 21 of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus for the analysis of allergen extracts.

Methods
Recombinant Der p 21 was expressed in E. coli and purified using affinity chromatography. MAbs against Der p 21 were generated using hybridoma technology. House dust mite (HDM) allergen extracts were analyzed using the newly developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting and microarray immunoassay.

Results
MAbs raised against recombinant Der p 21 were characterized in detail and proven to be reactive with natural Der p 21. Highly specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of Der p 21 was developed and optimized. The allergen was detected and its concentration was determined in only three of six analyzed HDM allergen extracts from different manufacturers.

Conclusion
HDM analysis by MAb-based immunoassays shows their differences in allergen composition. The results demonstrate the importance of allergen-specific MAbs as a tool for the characterization of allergen extracts and the need for their appropriate standardization before their use for allergy diagnostics or immunotherapy.
A Study of the Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Activities of the Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. Pallidus
Authors: Quartey Anna Kwarley , Korsah Samuel , Apenteng John Antwi , Nortey Nathaniel Nene Djangmah , Tagoe Miriam , Mintah David Ntinagyei , Barfour Akua Frema , Owusu Frederick William Akuffo , Kontoh Derrick Boateng 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The aim of this current research is to ascertain the antimicrobial and wound healing properties of the leaves of Anchomanes difformis (Araceae).
Methods: Powdered leaves were extracted by cold maceration with 96.4% ethanol. Phytochemical analysis was carried on both powdered leaves and the extract to determine the presence of some secondary plant metabolites. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine the zone of inhibition on some microorganisms that infect wounds and the MIC of the extract was determined. Excision wound model was used for the wound healing analysis in Wister albino rats.
Results: Tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols were detected in both the powdered leaves and the extract. Glycoside was detected in the powdered leaves however, not detected in the extract. The A. difformis extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity with MICs of >20mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 1.25mg/mL, 0.2679mg/mL for Klebsiella pneumonia, Staph. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa respectively. Percentage wound healing contractions of 83.51%, 90.79%, 94.66% and 98.65% were recorded for 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15% concentrations of A. difformis extracts respectively.
Conclusion: From the result above, A. difformis has shown to have antimicrobial and wound healing properties. The study provides justification for the plant’s traditional usage to treat infections and wounds.
Autobiographical and event memories for surprising and unsurprising events
Authors: Coluccia Emanuele , Bianco Carmela , Brandimonte Maria A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAlthough research converges on the idea that surprise is not essential to form a ‘flashbulb memory’ (FBM), no study has explicitly shown that a FBM that develops from an unexpected event has the same structure as a FBM that develops from an expected event. In the present research, we explored whether there is any substantial difference on veridicality, consistency and confidence in both autobiographical and event memories for surprising and expected events. Two groups of participants were tested for their memories of a surprising (Study I) or an expected (Study II) event at different delays of indexing from the original news. All participants were then re‐tested after 6 months and again after 1 year from the first interview. The same patterns of results were found for both events. Consistent with the ‘narrative and rehearsal’ hypothesis, our results provide direct evidence that surprise does not affect the structure of a FBM. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoluminescence Detection of Biomolecules by Antibody‐Functionalized Diatom Biosilica
Authors: Gale Debra K. , Gutu Timothy , Jiao Jun , Chang Chih‐Hung , Rorrer Gregory L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDiatoms are single‐celled algae that make microscale silica shells called “frustules”, which possess intricate nanoscale features imbedded within periodic two‐dimensional pore arrays. In this study, antibody‐functionalized diatom biosilica frustules serve as a microscale biosensor platform for selective and label‐free photoluminescence (PL)‐based detection of immunocomplex formation. The model antibody rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) is covalently attached to the frustule biosilica of the disk‐shaped, 10‐µm diatom Cyclotella sp. by silanol amination and crosslinking steps to a surface site density of 3948 ± 499 IgG molecules µm−2. Functionalization of the diatom biosilica with the nucleophilic IgG antibody amplifies the intrinsic blue PL of diatom biosilica by a factor of six. Furthermore, immunocomplex formation with the complimentary antigen anti‐rabbit IgG further increases the peak PL intensity by at least a factor of three, whereas a non‐complimentary antigen (goat anti‐human IgG) does not. The nucleophilic immunocomplex increases the PL intensity by donating electrons to non‐radiative defect sites on the photoluminescent diatom biosilica, thereby decreasing non‐radiative electron decay and increasing radiative emission. This unique enhancement in PL emission is correlated to the antigen (goat anti‐rabbit IgG) concentration, where immunocomplex binding follows a Langmuir isotherm with binding constant of 2.8 ± 0.7 × 10−7 M.
Highly Regioselective and Rapid Hydroformylation of Alkyl Acrylates Catalyzed by a Rhodium Complex with a Tetraphosphorus Ligand
Authors: Yu Shichao , Chie Yu‐ming , Zhang Xumu 
Published: February 2009

Abstractmagnified imageAlkyl acrylates have been hydroformylated to the linear aldehydes with high regioselectivity (linear/branch>99/1) and extraordinarily high average turnover frequencies (up to 5400 h−1) by using a rhodium complex with a tetraphosphorus ligand. This protocol is in sharp contrast to the most of other processes that favor production of the branched aldehyde (typically>95% branched for most Rh‐catalyzed reaction systems). The high turnover number achieved by this new catalytic system is also remarkable considering the less reactive character of alkyl acrylates to the hydroformylation reaction conditions.
‘Click’ Dendritic Phosphines: Design, Synthesis, Application in Suzuki Coupling, and Recycling by Nanofiltration
Authors: Janssen Michèle , Müller Christian , Vogt Dieter 
Published: February 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA new synthetic route towards stable molecular‐weight enlarged monodentate phosphine ligands via ‘click’ chemistry was developed. These ligands were applied in the Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid. The supported systems show very similar activities compared to the unsupported analogues. Moreover, recycling experiments by means of nanofiltration using ceramic nanofiltration membranes demonstrate that these systems can be recovered and reused efficiently.
Prevalence of ROPS‐equipped tractors on minority operated farms in the US
Authors: Myers John R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackgroundTractor overturns kill an average of 100 farmers and farm workers per year. Roll‐over protective structures (ROPS) are a proven intervention, but are not on a sufficient number of tractors in the US to reduce these deaths. Little has been reported on ROPS use by racial minority farm operators.MethodsData from the NIOSH OISPA survey were used to assess ROPS prevalence rates from a random sample of racial minority farm operators for the year 2003, and ROPS prevalence rates from a random sample of all US farms for the year 2004.ResultsROPS prevalence rates on minority farming operations follow similar patterns to ROPS prevalence rates on all US farms. A low prevalence of ROPS on farms was associated with operators over the age of 65 years, farms with small acreages, and farms operated on a part‐time basis. The race of the operator had little impact on ROPS prevalence rates.ConclusionsFactors such as acreage, farm operator age, region of the US, and full‐ or part‐time farming status influence ROPS prevalence rates on farms more than the race of the operator. Understanding how ROPS prevalence differs across these farm and farm operator characteristics has the potential to efficiently target areas for ROPS promotion programs across the US. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:408–418, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stolt‐Nielsen's comfort for the ‘average arbitrator’: An analysis of the post‐Hall Street ‘manifest disregard’ award review standard
Authors: Walsh Christopher 
Published: February 2009

AbstractChristopher Walsh, of Newark, N.J., looks at the current state of the longstanding use of manifest disregard as an addition to Federal Arbitration Act standards for challenging awards. He focuses on the recent Second Circuit case of Stolt‐Nielsen v. Animalfeeds.
The Role of Free N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) in the Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia–Borane in the Nickel NHC System
Authors: Zimmerman Paul M. , Paul Ankan , Zhang Zhiyong , Musgrave Charles B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEnders' N‐heterocyclisches Carben (NHC) dehydriert den Ammoniak‐Boran‐Komplex mit einer vergleichsweise niedrigen Aktivierungsbarriere zu NH2BH2 und NHC‐(H)2. Ein Nickel‐NHC‐Katalysator im Reaktionsmedium zersetzt das gebildete NHC‐(H)2 in H2 und freies NHC, das wiederum Ammoniak‐Boran‐Komplex dehydrieren kann.magnified image
Hexa‐ and Octagold Chains from Flexible Tetragold Molecular Units Supported by Linear Tetraphosphine Ligands
Authors: Takemura Yukie , Takenaka Hiroe , Nakajima Takayuki , Tanase Tomoaki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFlexibler Baustein: Flexible kettenförmige Tetragold(I)‐Komplexe wurden mithilfe eines neuen Tetraphosphanliganden mit Methylenbrücken hergestellt und durch Umsetzung mit KI oder NaAuCl4 in den längeren linearen Octagold(I)‐Komplex {Au8} bzw. die cyclische Hexagold(I)‐Struktur {Au6} überführt (siehe Bild; Au magenta, Cl dunkelgrün, PF6 hellgrün, I rosa). Die Tetragoldkomplexe lumineszieren überdies bei Raumtemperatur.magnified image
Intermolecular Double Prins‐Type Cyclization: A Facile and Efficient Synthesis of 1,6‐Dioxecanes
Authors: Ullapu Punna Reddy , Min Sun‐Joon , Chavre Satish N. , Choo Hyunah , Lee Jae Kyun , Pae Ae Nim , Kim Youseung , Chang Moon Ho , Cho Yong Seo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDouble or nothing: The title reaction converts a range of aromatic aldehydes and allenylmethyl/allyl silanes into 1,6‐dioxecane derivatives in good to excellent yields (see scheme; Ar=aryl, Tf=triflate, THF=tetrahydrofuran, TMS=trimethylsilyl). In addition, the bisdiene product has been transformed into the corresponding tricyclic compound through a Diels–Alder reaction.magnified image
A Stable Homodinuclear Biscobalt(III)–Schiff Base Complex for Catalytic Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition Reactions of β‐Keto Esters to Alkynones
Authors: Chen Zhihua , Furutachi Makoto , Kato Yuko , Matsunaga Shigeki , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTwo metal cooperation: A homodinuclear Co2–Schiff base complex Co2(OAc)2–1 promoted the asymmetric 1,4‐addition of β‐keto esters to alkynones under solvent‐free conditions in air (see scheme). The reactions proceeded without air or moisture sensitivity in high yields and with high enantioselectivities (99–91 % ee) at room temperature under highly concentrated conditions (neat–20 M) with 0.1–2.5 mol % catalyst loading.magnified image
Hexa‐ and Octagold Chains from Flexible Tetragold Molecular Units Supported by Linear Tetraphosphine Ligands
Authors: Takemura Yukie , Takenaka Hiroe , Nakajima Takayuki , Tanase Tomoaki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA flexible building block: Flexible tetragold(I) chain complexes supported by a new single methylene‐bridged tetraphosphine ligand were synthesized and further transformed into discrete linear octagold(I) {Au8} and cyclic hexagold(I) {Au6} structures by reaction with KI and NaAuCl4, respectively (see picture, Au purple, Cl dark green, PF6 light green, I pink). The tetragold complexes are also luminescent at room temperature.magnified image
Degradation behavior of hydrogels from poly(vinyl alcohol)‐graft‐[poly(rac‐lactide)/poly(rac‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)]: Influence of the structure and composition on the material's stability
Authors: Vidović Elvira , Klee Doris , Höcker Hartwig 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe swellability and mass loss of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐graft‐[poly(rac‐lactide)/poly(rac‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)] hydrogels upon hydrolysis are strongly affected by the composition of the hydrogels. Hydrophobic hydrogels remain at a relatively constant mass for a couple of weeks, and the mass decreases dramatically thereafter, whereas more hydrophilic hydrogels lose mass right from the beginning. All hydrogels display water uptake values between 90 and 280% within 8 weeks. For longer periods of degradation, the water uptake increases up to a maximum of about 900%. Studies of the thermal properties of samples upon degradation and their IR measurements have shown that the degradation rate is related to the physical and chemical structure of the hydrogels and hence to the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance; that is, the degradation increases with the increasing hydrophilicity of the material. As a result, degradation can be engineered through the variation of the composition and structure of the material. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
PET/EVA/PP ternary blends: An investigation of extended morphological properties
Authors: Abolhasani Mohamad Mahdi , Azar Ahmad Aref , Shokoohi Shirin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this study, the effects of different parameters on the morphological properties of ternary blends were investigated. Therefore two systems (PET/H‐EVA/PP and PET/L‐EVA/PP, H‐EVA and L‐EVA are high and low viscosity, respectively) were prepared by melt mixing process. In all of the blends, poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) as the major phase‐ with poly propylene (PP) and two grades of poly (ethyl‐stat‐vinylacetate) (EVA) with different viscosities and subsequently different interfacial interactions was blended. Theoretical models predicted positive spreading coefficient for two grades of EVA and lower free energy for the samples consisting of EVA and PP as the shell and the core phases respectively. With changing core shell ratio, droplet size of samples containing L‐EVA and H‐EVA increased and decreased, respectively. Subinclusion of shell into the core was observed in some blended samples. In systems containing H‐EVA, by thickening the shell phase; multi core morphology was observed which would be related to the coalescence phenomenon inter the droplets. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Effect of antistatic additives on mechanical and electrical properties of polyethylene foams
Authors: Costa J. C. , Oliveira M. , Machado A. V. , Lanceros‐Méndez S. , Botelho G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPolyethylene foams with different antistatic additives (Atmer 7325, Atmer 7105, and Atmer 190) were prepared by extrusion and stored during 6 months of time span in a real life environment. The antistatic performance was evaluated by measuring the surface resistivity and throughout decay‐time experiments. Mechanical properties and migration tests were also performed. It was found that the migration of antistatic agents is in general low enough, which allows to maintain the antistatic performance for periods of time larger than 6 months. The tests revealed that the desired low surface resistance and required low static decay time could be achieved with all the antistatic agents under test. Moreover, the additives with amina (Atmer 7105 and 7325) as an active agent showed slightly better antistatic performance than the one with the ionic agent (Atmer 190). The addition of an antistatic agent does not significantly affect the mechanical behavior of the foam indicating a desired feature concerning industrial applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Facile polymer coating of papers with polymer latices containing a hydrolysable emulsifier
Authors: Itoh Y. , Akasaka Ryo , Sahara F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAdsorption of polystyrene latices containing an alkali‐hydrolysable cationic emulsifier on filter papers pretreated with sodium carbonate was examined. Hydrolysis of the emulsifiers synchronized with adsorption of the latices on the paper could fix, or coat, polystyrene on the paper surface rapidly and efficiently at room temperature, and little amounts of polymers were desorbed by rinsing. In contrast, a smaller amount of the latices were adsorbed on the surface of the nonpretreated paper and most of them were desorbed from the surface by rinsing. The polymer‐coated paper surface gained both water resistance and “quick drying.” © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Micromechanical processes and failure phenomena in reactively compatibilized blends of polyamide 6 and styrenic polymers. I. Polyamide 6/acrylonitrile– butadiene–styrene copolymer blends
Authors: Handge U. A. , Sailer C. , Steininger H. , Weber M. , Scholtyssek S. , Seydewitz V. , Michler G. H. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this work, in situ investigations of the micromechanical properties of reactively compatibilized blends of polyamide 6 (PA6) and an acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) were performed with transmission electron microscopy. Three PA6/ABS blends were prepared with a disperse morphology (inclusions of PA6 or ABS) and with a cocontinuous structure. The objective of this work was to study the deformation of the inclusions and the interface between the PA6 phase and the ABS phase. Our transmission electron microscopy investigations revealed that the morphology of the blends was strongly influenced by the asymmetric nature of the interface between PA6 and ABS. In the blends with a PA6 matrix, the interface between PA6 and the ABS inclusions was deformed in tensile deformation under uniaxial loading. A strong influence of the PA6 water content on the (micro)mechanical behavior was observed. Although the “dry” blends behaved in a brittle fashion, the “wet” blends behaved in a ductile fashion with the formation of deformation bands in the matrix (PA6 or ABS), which were initiated by stress concentration at the particles (ABS or PA6, respectively). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Hydroxyalkylation of barbituric acid. III. Product analysis and reaction pathway
Authors: Ślączka Anna , Lubczak Jacek 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPolyetherols containing a thermally stable pyrimidine ring were obtained upon the reaction of hydroxymethyl derivatives of barbituric acid with an excess of ethylene or propylene oxide. The reaction was monitored by 1H‐NMR and IR spectroscopy for the systems with variable starting molar ratios of reagents. We found that formaldehyde rearranged from N‐hydroxymethyl and oxymethylene bridges into the end of the polyetherol chain during the reaction. Simultaneously, the O‐hydroxymethyl groups underwent blocking by oxirane. The structures of the polyetherols was deduced on the basis of the course of the reaction and the analytical data. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preheating of a poly(ethylene terephthalate) preform for stretch blow molding using microwaves
Authors: Erbulut D. U. , H. Masood S. , Senko H. , Davies K. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this work, a new microwave resonant cavity was developed to completely preheat a poly(ethylene terephthalate) preform efficiently for a stretch blow molding process. Microwave power simulation software was used to design the microwave resonant cavity. An investigation of the inside and outside surface temperature profile along the preform and free inflation experimentation indicated that a cylindrical resonant cavity could efficiently preheat a poly(ethylene terephthalate) preform with the advantages of reduced time and increased energy savings versus a conventional infrared heating system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009