bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural motifs modulating the carcinogenic risk of aromatic amines
Authors: Benigni Romualdo , Worth Andrew , Netzeva Tatiana , Jeliazkova Nina , Bossa Cecilia , Gruska Andreas , Franke Rainer 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe structure alerts (SA) for carcinogenicity/mutagenicity are a repository of the science on chemical biological interactions; in addition, they have a crucial role in practical applications for risk assessment. In predictive toxicology, it is crucial that knowledge of SAs is accompanied by knowledge of the structural motifs that modulate their effects. Recently, we have compiled an updated list of SAs implemented in the expert system Toxtree 1.50 (open source, freely available). These SAs are aimed at discriminating between active and inactive chemicals, and include only modulating factors with a high probability of eliminating completely the effect of the SA. Here we have examined the factors that modulate carcinogenic potency: this is an additional piece of information that can have a role in fine‐tuning a risk assessment. The case study selected is the carcinogenic potential of the aromatic amines in rats and mice. As the carcinogenic potency of these compounds is different in mice and rats (correlation coefficient = 0.546), there are both agreements and differences in the pattern of these motifs. Differences are observed mainly for the motifs that decrease the carcinogenic potency of aromatic amines. In mice, substitutions ortho and meta to the amino group tend to decrease the potency, as well as −NO2in any position. In rats, these motifs affect the potency to a more limited extent. On the other hand, increasing effects are quite similar in the two animals and are exerted mainly by additional rings, tricyclic systems, five‐numbered rings, and N‐heteroaromatic systems. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
LSM‐YSZ Cathode with Infiltrated Cobalt Oxide and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Imanishi N. , Ohno R. , Murata K. , Hirano A. , Takeda Y. , Yamamoto O. , Yamahara K. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTo improve the La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) –8 mol‐%Y2O3‐ZrO2 (YSZ) cathode performance of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), Co3O4 and CeO2 nanoparticles were infiltrated into the cathode. Co‐infiltration of these oxide particles drastically enhanced the cell performance between 800 and 600 °C. The infiltrated CeO2 suppressed the aggregation of nanoparticle Co3O4, resulting in the high catalytic activity of the nanoparticle Co3O4 for oxygen reduction at intermediate temperatures. The anode‐supported SOFC with Co3O4 and CeO2 co‐infiltrated LSM‐YSZ cathode at 700 °C showed the high specific power density of 0.58 W cm–2 at 0.7 V.
Loss of 16q in high grade breast cancer is associated with estrogen receptor status: Evidence for progression in tumors with a luminal phenotype?
Authors: Natrajan Rachael , Lambros Maryou B. K. , Geyer Felipe C. , Marchio Caterina , Tan David S. P. , Vatcheva Radost , Shiu Kai‐Keen , Hungermann Daniela , Rodriguez‐Pinilla Socorro Maria , Palacios Jose , Ashworth Alan , Buerger Horst , Reis‐Filho Jorge S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractLoss of the long arm of chromosome 16 (16q) is observed in the vast majority of low grade/grade I (GI) invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type (IDC‐NSTs), whereas this event is uncommonly seen in high grade/grade III (GIII) IDC‐NSTs. Together with data on the pathology and genetics of breast cancer recurrences, this has led to the proposal that GI and GIII breast cancers evolve through distinct genetic pathways and that progression from GI to GIII is an unlikely biological phenomenon. We compared the genomic profiles of GIII‐IDC‐NSTs with 16q whole arm loss (16qWL) according to estrogen receptor (ER) status. 16qWL was found in 36.5% of cases and was significantly associated with ER expression and luminal phenotype. ER+ GIII‐IDC‐NSTs with 16qWL displayed significantly higher levels of genomic instability than ER+ IDC‐NSTs without 16qWL. Furthermore, ER+ and ER− IDC‐NSTs stratified according to the presence of 16qWL harbored distinct patterns of genetic aberrations. Interestingly, ER+/16qWL tumors displayed genetic features usually found in tumors with homologous DNA repair defects and significantly more frequently harbored heterozygous loss of BRCA2 than the remaining ER+ cancers. Our results demonstrate that approximately one third of GIII tumors harbor 16qWL, confirming that progression from low to high grade breast cancer is not found in the majority of breast cancers. 16qWL was significantly more prevalent in ER+/luminal GIII‐IDC‐NSTs. Given that GI breast cancers harbor a luminal phenotype, our results suggest that if progression from GI to GIII breast cancer does happen, it may preferentially occur in breast cancers of luminal phenotype. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognosis is important in decisionmaking in Dutch nursing home patients with dementia and pneumonia
Authors: van der Steen Jenny T. , Helton Margaret R. , Ribbe Miel W. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo explore how physicians treating nursing home residents with dementia and pneumonia in the Netherlands consider prognosis in their treatment decision.MethodsSurvey study with data collected between July 2006 and March 2008. Physicians (n = 69) from 54 nursing homes in the Netherlands completed a questionnaire on symptoms, treatment, and prognosis for their next dementia patient newly diagnosed with pneumonia. They were also asked a general question regarding withholding antibiotic treatment and prognosis. Outcome was assessed at least two months afterwards. Two‐week mortality risk if treated with antibiotics was calculated with a validated prognostic score.ResultsThe patients not treated with antibiotics had high (92%) actual 2‐week mortality while only 12% of patients treated with antibiotics died. Physicians believed that mortality risk was high in the untreated group and would have been only slightly lower if treated with antibiotics (mean estimated risk 73%), which was higher than predicted from the risk score (42%). In general, three‐quarters of physicians considered withholding antibiotics appropriate for mortality risks between 75% and 90%.ConclusionsPrognosis is an important consideration when Dutch nursing home physicians make antibiotic treatment decisions for patients with dementia and pneumonia. This suggests they prefer not to treat with antibiotics when to do so is probably futile. Physicians in other countries may hold different views on futility, which should be addressed in larger, cross‐national comparative studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of autologous platelet adhesives on dermal fat graft resorption following reconstruction of a superficial parotidectomy defect: A double‐blinded prospective trial
Authors: Chandarana Shamir , Fung Kevin , Franklin Jason H. , Kotylak Trevor , Matic Damir B. , Yoo John 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackground.Dermal fat grafts are used to reconstruct facial contour defects but may undergo variable resorption. Application of autologous platelet adhesive may improve outcomes. The primary objective was to compare resorption of dermal fat grafts for parotidectomy defects, between patients receiving autologous platelet adhesive versus controls.Methods.This was a double‐blinded prospective cohort at a tertiary care center. Volumetric analyses of dermal fat graft measured by MRI scans. Resorption was determined by comparing 1‐ and 6‐month MRIs in each patient. Complications, Frey's Syndrome, and patient satisfaction were also assessed.Results.Twelve patients completed the study. A significant reduction in graft resorption was seen in the treatment group (57% vs. 31%, p = .01). Three patients in the control group developed fat liquefaction. Patient perceived significant differences in scar and contour.Conclusion.Application of autologous platelet adhesives improved graft viability and patient satisfaction at 6 months. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Two novel CYP21A2 missense mutations in Italian patients with 21‐hydroxylase deficiency: Identification and functional characterisation
Authors: Concolino Paola , Vendittelli Francesca , Mello Enrica , Alinovi Cristiana Carelli , Minucci Angelo , Carrozza Cinzia , Santini Stefano Angelo , Zuppi Cecilia , Capoluongo Ettore 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSteroid 21‐hydroxylase deficiency is present in more than 90% of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), an inherited metabolic disorder of adrenal steroidogenesis. Impaired enzymatic activity leads to the accumulation of metabolic intermediates (progesterone and 17‐hydroxyprogesterone), which results in excessive androgen production and varied signs of virilisation. CYP21A2 is an active gene and encodes for the steroid 21‐hydroxylase enzyme, whereas CYP21A1P is an inactive pseudogene that contains a series of deleterious mutations. The major part of disease‐ causing mutations in CYP21A2 alleles are CYP21A1P‐derived sequence transferred to the active gene by macro or microconversion events. Only around 5% of all disease‐causing CYP21A2 alleles harbour rare mutations that do not originate from the pseudogene. In this report, we report the characterisation of two novel CYP21A2 missense mutations (p.H119R and p.I194N) found in two unrelated Italian patients with nonclassic (NC) CAH clinical diagnosis. Functional in vitro assays for mutagenized CYP21 enzymes were performed in transiently transfected mammalian cells to test the residual enzyme activity and the apparent kinetic values. The residual activities obtained for p.H119R and p.I194N mutants allowed to classify them as NC‐CAH associated mutations. These results correlate with the rate of severity of the patients' disease. Finally, the new p.H119R and p.I194N mutations should be included in the panel of those already listed for association with the NC form of 21‐hydroxylase deficiency. © 2009 IUBMB IUBMB Life 61(3): 229–235, 2009
AMP‐activated protein kinase suppresses LXR‐dependent sterol regulatory element‐binding protein‐1c transcription in rat hepatoma McA‐RH7777 cells
Authors: Yang Jian , Craddock Lauren , Hong Sharon , Liu Zhi‐Mei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an intracellular fuel sensor that plays a key role in regulating fatty acid synthesis in liver. Sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP)‐1c is a master regulator of hepatic lipogenic gene expression. It has long been documented that AMPK activation suppresses hepatic SREBP‐1 mRNA and nuclear SREBP‐1 protein. But the mechanism remains undefined. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which AMPK downregulates hepatic SREBP‐1c mRNA using a novel model cell line McA‐RH7777. We found that AMPK is robustly activated in rat hepatoma McA‐RH7777 cells treated with two widely used AMPK activators, AICAR and metformin, and AMPK activation sharply suppresses SREBP‐1c mRNA and nuclear SREBP‐1c protein, but not SREBP‐1a mRNA derived from the same gene. These inhibitory effects are reversed by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C or 8‐BrAMP, demonstrating the requirement of AMPK in the suppression of SREBP‐1c mRNA and nuclear SREBP‐1c protein by AICAR and metformin. AMPK does not enhance SREBP‐1c mRNA degradation in the presence of the general transcription inhibitor actinomycin D; instead it inhibits SREBP‐1c promoter activity in a luciferase reporter assay. AMPK‐mediated inhibition of SREBP‐1c promoter activity can also be abrogated by the AMPK inhibitor Compound C. Furthermore AMPK activation significantly attenuates the synthetic liver X receptor (LXR) ligand T0901317‐induced SREBP‐1c promoter activity. AMPK also inhibits cleavage of LXR ligand‐induced SREBP‐1c precursor. We conclude that AMPK suppresses hepatic SREBP‐1c mRNA expression by inhibiting LXR‐dependent SREBP‐1c transcription via inhibition of endogenous LXR ligand production and by inhibiting SREBP‐1c processing in McA‐RH7777 cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 414–426, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary care mental health: a new frontier for psychology
Authors: Gunn, William B. , Blount Alexander 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe medical system in this country is divided into primary care and specialty care. Mental health is for the most part a specialty service dependent on referrals, often from primary care providers. The authors propose a new model where psychologists work in collaboration with primary care medical teams. This integrated, coordinated model enables psychologists to help patients they would not otherwise see in a mental health system. Examples of patients in this category are seniors, those with somatizing disorders, and those experiencing the challenges of dealing with a chronic illness. This model also enables psychologists to provide consultation to the medical teams. In this article, the authors discuss the world of the primary care medical team and present the rationale for integration or collaboration. They describe the barriers to collaborative practices and ways to overcome these barriers. Finally, they present practical strategies that psychologists can use on a regular basis to increase their collaboration with primary care. These strategies can be used by those who work in colocated practices as well as those who work in separate locations. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 65:1–18, 2009.
Impact of behavioral health consultant interventions on patient symptoms and functioning in an integrated family medicine Clinic
Authors: Bryan Craig J. , Morrow Chad , Appolonio Kathryn Kanzler 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPatterns of symptomatic and functional change associated with behavioral health consultant (BHC) intervention in an integrated family medicine clinic were investigated among 338 primary care patients under routine conditions without exclusion. Patients were referred to the BHC by primary care providers (PCPs) and participated in one to four brief, behaviorally oriented appointments in primary care. The Behavioral Health Measure‐20 (BHM) was completed at each appointment. Results indicated that higher levels of distress at baseline were associated with more follow‐up appointments, and that patients demonstrated simultaneous, clinically meaningful improvement in well‐being, symptoms, and functioning in as few as two to three BHC appointments. Patterns of clinical improvement support the effectiveness of BHC interventions, but contradict the phase model of psychotherapy (Howard, Lueger, Maling, & Martinovich, 1993). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65:1–13, 2009.
Coping mediates outcome following a randomized group intervention for HIV‐positive bereaved individuals
Authors: Smith Nathan Grant , Tarakeshwar Nalini , Hansen Nathan B. , Kochman Arlene , Sikkema Kathleen J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial psychological effects of a coping‐focused group intervention for HIV‐positive individuals who had lost loved ones to AIDS. Data from 235 HIV‐positive men and women enrolled in a randomized controlled clinical trial testing a coping‐focused group intervention were analyzed using a multiple‐indicator‐multiple‐cause (MIMIC) structural equation model. Results revealed that the effects of the intervention on decreases in depression and grief were mediated by decreases in avoidant coping. Specifically, participants in the intervention condition decreased their use of avoidant coping. Decreases in avoidant coping, in turn, were related to decreased depression and grief. The results of this study help to validate the use of coping‐focused interventions for HIV‐positive bereaved individuals. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65:1–17, 2009.
Using behavioral health consultants to treat insomnia in primary care: a clinical case series
Authors: Goodie Jeffrey L. , Isler William C. , Hunter Christopher , Peterson Alan L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractCognitive–behavioral treatments for insomnia are as effective as medications and have longer lasting effects. The current study used a clinical case series design to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention for insomnia delivered in a nonresearch, real‐world family medicine clinical setting. Participants included 29 sleep‐impaired patients who were seen regardless of their comorbid conditions. The treatment included three brief visits with a behavioral health consultant (BHC), plus the provision of a self‐help insomnia‐treatment book. At posttreatment 83% of participants achieved a mean sleep efficiency >85%, as compared to only 14% at baseline. Limited‐contact behavioral treatment of insomnia delivered by BHCs within a collaborative care family medicine clinic effectively reduced symptoms of insomnia, regardless of comorbid medical diagnoses. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session, 65:1–11, 2009.
Long‐term follow‐up of patients with hepatitis C with a normal alanine aminotransferase
Authors: Kumada Takashi , Toyoda Hidenori , Kiriyama Seiki , Sone Yasuhiro , Tanikawa Makoto , Hisanaga Yasuhiro , Kanamori Akira , Atsumi Hiroyuki , Takagi Makiko , Nakano Satoshi , Arakawa Takahiro , Fujimori Masashi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn attempt was made to identify factors influencing the cumulative probability of an increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and hepatocarcinogenesis in hepatitis C patients with a normal ALT level initially. A total of 398 consecutive patients with a normal ALT level initially for 6 months or more and follow‐up period longer than 3 years during the period January 1995 to December 2004 were included. Patients were classified by ALT level into three groups: Group A (3–20 IU/L), Group B (21–30 IU/L), and Group C (31–35 IU/L). Factors associated with the cumulative probability of increased ALT level and hepotocarcinogenesis were evaluated. Women in groups B and C and men in Group C showed high cumulative probabilities of increased ALT levels. Factors associated with increased ALT were a high ALT level (Group B, relative risk; 1.758 [95% confidence interval: 1.290–2.392], P < 0.001, Group C, 3.328 [2.256–4.909], P < 0.001), high lactate dehydrogenase level (2.352 [1.445–3.829], P = 0.001), or low total cholesterol level (1.957 [1.330–2.882], P = 0.001). Factors associated with incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma were increased age (3.088 [1.025–9.308], P = 0.045), high ALT level (Group C, 5.803 [1.530–22.066], P = 0.010), and high total bilirubin level (8.309 [2.235–30.888], P = 0.002). In patients with hepatitis C with a normal ALT level initially, an ALT level of 21–35 IU/L is a risk factor for an increased ALT level and hepatocarcinogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 81:446–451, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence and type distribution of high‐risk human papillomavirus infection in women undergoing voluntary cervical cancer screening in Italy
Authors: Agarossi Alberto , Ferrazzi Enrico , Parazzini Fabio , Perno Carlo Federico , Ghisoni Luciano 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe aim of this survey was to assess the prevalence and distribution of oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in women who underwent screening for cervical cancer in Italy. The correlation of genotypes with the cytological results was also evaluated. Cervical samples were collected from 9,947 self‐referring women for cervical cancer screening. Participants were screened by liquid‐based cytology and high‐risk HPV testing using the Hybrid Capture 2 test. Positive samples were genotyped by PCR. Samples (1,474; 14.8%) were positive for high‐risk HPV. The prevalence was 29.4% in the 15–19 years‐group, decreasing progressively to 6.1% at 50–54 years of age and increasing to 12.2% in those aged over 65 years. HPV 16 was the genotype detected most frequently followed by HPV 31, HPV 18, HPV 56, and HPV 51. HPV 16 or 18 were present in 4% of women with normal cytology and both were detected contemporarily in only 14 women. Twenty‐two percent of atypical squamous cells, 26% of low‐grade and 56% of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions at cytology were positive for HPV 16 and/or 18. The prevalence of HPV infection in Italy is in agreement with that reported worldwide. HPV 16 was the prevalent genotype. The concomitant infection with HPV 16 and HPV 18 (vaccine targets) was found rarely. Apart from HPV 16 and 18, there was a substantial presence of HPV genotypes against which the vaccines available currently have shown cross‐protection efficacy. The findings of this study may contribute to reliable predictions on the potential efficacy of an HPV vaccine in clinical practice. J. Med. Virol. 81:529–535, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Successful valganciclovir treatment of post‐transplant cytomegalovirus infection in the presence of UL97 mutation N597D
Authors: Iwasenko Jenna M. , Scott Gillian M. , Rawlinson William D. , Keogh Anne , Mitchell Daniel , Chou Sunwen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMutations in the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) UL97 protein kinase are the most common mechanism of ganciclovir (GCV) resistance in the clinical setting. A CMV strain with a previously unrecognized UL97 mutation N597D was identified in the blood of a heart transplant recipient who experienced a persistent CMV infection with high viral loads accompanying pain and fever while receiving valganciclovir (valGCV) therapy. The N597D mutation was transferred by mutagenesis to an antiviral sensitive CMV strain for analysis of antiviral susceptibility by standardized phenotypic assay. Recombinant phenotyping showed N597D conferred a less than twofold increase in GCV IC50 compared to the sensitive control strain. Despite the presence of this mutation, valGCV eventually resolved the infection after 6 weeks of therapy. A subsequent CMV reactivation was also responsive to valganciclovir. This case illustrates the diversity of UL97 mutations in the codon segment 590–607 usually associated with GCV resistance, with some mutations producing minimal levels of resistance that do not preclude a therapeutic response to the drug. Accurate interpretation of genotypic test results ultimately requires experimental determination of the level of resistance conferred by newly discovered UL97 mutations. J. Med. Virol. 81:507–510, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.