bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Same but different: On continuity and change in agricultural policy reforms
Authors: Melås Anders M. , Vik Jostein , Farsund Arild A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article contributes to the Historical Institutionalism literature on stability and change by unpacking how an institution has persisted for more than 70 years despite substantial contextual changes. The overall stability of the institution comes both through changes in policy instruments and their settings, and through the incorporation of differing, but aligned rationales. Ideational multidimensionality yields stability by providing leeway to recondition the institution in response to changing circumstances. This allows for different interests in the coalition to stimulate overall institutional stability by supporting incremental changes in policy instruments whilst avoiding institutional exhaustion and third order changes. This shows that policies initiated under a certain set of circumstances may be better equipped to persist when circumstances change if they are able to incorporate differing, but aligned, rationales and to respond to upcoming issues through policy instrument changes. The theoretical arguments are exemplified through a case study analysis of Norwegian agricultural policy.
Do natural resource rents aid renewable energy transition in resource‐rich African countries? The roles of institutional quality and its threshold
Authors: Olaniyi Clement Olalekan , Odhiambo Nicholas Mbaya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTransitioning to a carbon‐neutral renewable energy (REN) option to decarbonize ecosystems and mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and the negative impacts of climate change is consistent with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13. Scholars have identified natural resource wealth and institutions as critical factors in the REN transition in resource‐rich countries. Financial barriers are arguably the most significant impediments to transitioning to REN, as it is more capital‐intensive and costly to produce, invest in, and use than traditional fossil fuel‐based energy. Meanwhile, weak institutions and corruption in most resource‐rich countries culminate in the resource curse phenomenon and the mismanagement of natural resource wealth. It implies that institutions (weak or strong) modify the natural resource rent contribution to the REN transition. Previous research has paid little attention to the impact of the interplay between natural resources and institutional quality on the REN transition in resource‐rich African countries. This study examines how institutions moderate the contribution of natural resource wealth to accelerating or inhibiting the REN switch in resource‐rich African countries for the period 2000–2021, using fully modified ordinary least squares, a Driscoll–Kraay nonparametric covariance matrix, and moments‐based quantile regression estimators. This study departs from earlier studies by determining the institutional quality threshold above which institutions significantly stimulate natural resource rents to accelerate Africa's REN transition. The findings indicate that institutions in resource‐rich African countries breed inefficient bureaucracies and corruption in natural resource rent administration. These undermine the ability of natural resource incomes to facilitate a shift to renewable energy sources. The threshold analyses indicate that most resource‐rich African countries operate below the institutional quality threshold. This finding corroborates that inefficient institutions abet natural resource rent mismanagement and hinder the channeling of resource income toward the REN transition. The findings' policy implications are robustly articulated and outlined.
Why are employee assistance programmes under‐utilised and marginalised and how to address it? A critical review and a labour process analysis
Authors: Long Tianyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe exploding employee demands on mental health services and the under‐utilised employee assistance programmes (EAPs) stand in stark contrast. Despite widespread coverage and awareness of EAPs, their low utilisation rates have marginalised them in organisations' human resource strategies. This study explores why employees are resistant to using EAPs from the perspective of dynamic contention, drawing on insights from labour process theory. Through a critical review of the literature, it yields a picture of neither perfect managerial control nor condition‐altering resistance in EAPs. In addition, despite their potential to mediate between labour and management, EAPs often align too closely with management, fail to provide avenues for employee input, and struggle to adapt to changing work dynamics. The study concludes with suggestions for effectively leveraging EAPs' constructive broker role to strategically bridge labour and management and address their under‐utilisation and marginalisation.
Predicting posthospitalization falls in Brazilian older adults: External validation of the Carpenter instrument
Authors: Curiati Pedro K. , Arruda Marcela dos S. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Morinaga Christian V. , Melo Hugo M. A. , Avelino‐Silva Thiago J. , Aliberti Marlon R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study sought to explore and externally validate the Carpenter instrument's efficacy in predicting postdischarge fall risk among older adults admitted to the emergency department (ED) for reasons other than falls or related injuries.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted on 779 patients aged ≥ 65 years from a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, who were monitored for up to 6 months post‐ED hospitalization. The Carpenter instrument, which evaluates the four risk factors nonhealing foot sores, self‐reported depression, inability to self‐clip toenails, and prior falls, was utilized to assess fall risk. Follow‐up by telephone occurred at 30, 90, and 180 days to identify falls and mortality. Fine–Gray models estimated the predictive power of Carpenter instrument for future falls, considering death as a competing event and sociodemographic factors, frail status, and clinical measures as confounders.ResultsAmong 779 patients, 68 (9%) experienced a fall within 180 days post‐ED admission, and 88 (11%) died. The majority were male (54%), with a mean age of 79 years. Upon utilizing the Carpenter score, those with a higher fall risk (≥2 points) displayed more comorbidities, greater frailty, and increased clinical severity at baseline. Regression analyses showed that every additional point on the Carpenter score increased the hazard of falls by 73%. Two primary contributors to its predictive potential were identified: a history of falls in the preceding year and an inability to self‐clip toenails. However, the instrument's discriminative accuracy was suboptimal, with an area under the curve of 0.62.ConclusionsWhile the Carpenter instrument associated with a higher 6‐month postadmission fall risk among older adults post‐ED visit, its accuracy for individual patient decision making was limited. Given the significant impact of falls on health outcomes and health care costs, refining risk assessment tools remains essential. Future research should focus on enhancing these assessments and devising targeted proactive strategies.
Update for surgeons on novel induction treatments for acute severe inflammatory bowel disease associated colitis
Authors: Levar Timothy , Johnston Michael , Ding Nik S. , Behrenbruch Corina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe landscape of biologic agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated colitis is rapidly evolving, requiring surgeons to be up‐to‐date as part of multi‐disciplinary, evidence‐based care. An update on novel therapies used to induce remission in IBD‐associated colitis is presented.MethodsA systematic search through Ovid MEDLINE and CENTRAL using a combination of MeSH terms and Boolean operators was conducted.ResultsOne thousand and twenty articles from which 38 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. Novel agents were trialled as 4th or 5th line treatment following conventional treatment failure. Rates of serious adverse effects were low. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (upadacitinib and tofacitinib) were efficacious in inducing remission in ulcerative colitis, and IL‐23p19 inhibitors (mirikizumab, guselkumab, and risankizumab) in Crohn's colitis. Evidence was limited for other drug classes.ConclusionJAK‐inhibitors and IL‐23p19 inhibitors were found to be the most effective agents for inducting remission following failure of standard of care treatment. A significant proportion of patients did not respond, highlighting the inherent challenge in optimizing treatment for moderate to severe IBD‐associated colitis. More robust study designs and comparator trials are required.
Efficacy of surgical staple line reinforcement in Glissonean stapling: A single‐center pilot study
Authors: Toriguchi Kan , Kaihara Satoshi , Kitamura Koji , Ishikawa Tatsuki , Oshima Nobu , Kondo Masato , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Hashida Hiroki , Uryuhara Kenji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVascular staplers are routinely used in laparoscopic liver resection, which has become a standard procedure in advanced medical facilities. Although previous reports have outlined the benefits of staple line reinforcement (SLR), its application in Glissonean pedicle transection during hepatic resection remains poorly studied. This study investigated surgical SLR as a tool to enhance staple line strength and improve perioperative hemostasis. Here, 10 patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection using the Tri‐StapleTM2.0 Reinforced Reload were included. Patient characteristics, surgical details, and outcomes were assessed. The results demonstrated successful outcomes with no complications related to bile leakage or injuries during staple insertion. Overall, our findings suggest that SLR can be safely utilized in Glissonean pedicle transection during laparoscopic liver resections. Further studies are required to comprehensively evaluate its benefits compared with conventional surgical staplers.
The consequences of dishonesty—A mediation‐moderation praxis of greenwashing, tourists' green trust, and word‐of‐mouth: The role of connectedness to nature
Authors: Pham Nhat Tan , Huy Le Van , Phan Quyen Phu Thi , Phan Hoang Long , Tuan Tran Hoang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe relationship between greenwashing and visitors' green behavior remains an under‐researched topic in the tourism and hospitality literature, despite evidence of the harmful effect of greenwashing on the reputation and competitive advantage of organizations. This study extends attribution theory into the green context to develop a research framework for investigating the interrelationship between greenwashing, green trust, and green word‐of‐mouth (WOM), especially the roles of green trust and connectedness to nature. We conducted a survey of 289 visitors staying in four‐ and five‐star hotels in Vietnam. The findings indicated that hotels should avoid greenwashing due to its negative impact on visitors' green trust and green WOM. Moreover, the study found that greenwashing had an indirect and negative influence on green WOM based on visitors' green trust. Importantly, the research revealed the value of connectedness in moderating green attitudes and behaviors among visitors.
Are low‐income preschoolers physically active at preschool settings? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: da Silva Taís Feitosa , Mota Jéssica Gomes , Okely Anthony , Telles María Arias , Tassitano Rafael Miranda , Guerra Paulo Henrique , Mota Jorge , de Lucena Martins Clarice Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPreschools may provide opportunities for children to engage in physical activity (PA), to benefit their health, although little is known when concerning low‐income preschoolers. This study aimed (1) to describe time spent in PA among low‐income children during preschool hours and (2) to analyse how many children meet the PA recommendations during preschool hours.MethodsA total of 204 low‐income preschoolers (4.51 ± 0.79 years) from João Pessoa/Brazil provided valid accelerometer (Actigraph, WGT3‐X) data during the preschool period. Children were grouped in quartiles of PA in counts per minute, according to sex and age. The General Linear Model Univariate was used to examine the differences in PA intensities between the quartiles and the time spent in total PA (TPA) and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) by quartiles, according to age. An hour‐by‐hour description of children's PA was presented.ResultsTPA during preschool hours ranged from 68.33% to 113.89% of the recommended and from 28.34% to 81.68% of the MVPA recommendations. Among 5‐year‐old children, those in the highest quartile met the PA recommendations. All children were more active outdoors than indoors. For the less actives, preschool time corresponded to 30% of the recommended daily MVPA.ConclusionThe current results reinforce the importance of preschool settings for promoting preschoolers' PA and provide particularly important and useful information for tailoring preschool‐based interventions focused on those who need it most. Strategies to increase children's MVPA should be prioritized during free‐play time.
Präoperativer Hochfrequenzultraschall: Ein zuverlässiges Managementinstrument bei nichtmelanozytärem Hautkrebs der Ohrmuschel und der Nase
Authors: Crisan Diana , Wortsman Ximena , Catalano Orlando , Badea Radu , Kastler Sabine , Badea Alexandru , Manea Avram , Scharffetter‐Kochanek Karin , Strilciuc Stefan , Crisan Maria , Schneider Lars Alexander 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielsetzungDas Wissen über die Tiefeninfiltration bei nichtmelanozytärem Hautkrebs (NMSC) mithilfe präoperativer Sonographie könnte den Ärzten ermöglichen, den am besten geeigneten therapeutischen Ansatz zu wählen, unnötige Operationen und teure bildgebende Verfahren zu vermeiden und die Diagnose und Behandlung nicht zu verzögern. In unserer retrospektiven, monozentrischen Studie haben wir die Nützlichkeit des Hochfrequenzultraschalls (HFUS) zur Beurteilung der Tiefeninfiltration bei aurikulären und nasalen NMSC‐Fällen untersucht und die darauffolgende Änderung des therapeutischen Ansatzes bewertet.Patienten und MethodikIn 60 NMSC‐Fällen haben wir die Genauigkeit des HFUS bei der Erkennung von Knorpel‐ und Knocheninfiltration sowie die Korrelation sonographischer und histologischer Parameter beurteilt.ErgebnisseIn 16,6% der Fälle wurde präoperativ eine tiefe Knorpel‐/Knochenbeteiligung oder eine lokoregionale Erkrankung identifiziert, was zu einer geänderten therapeutischen Strategie mit radioimmunologischer Behandlung anstelle von Operation führte. In zwei Fällen identifizierte der präoperative HFUS eine lokale Knorpelinfiltration, was die Anzahl der chirurgischen Eingriffe reduzierte. Bei den verbleibenden 48 Läsionen ohne Tiefeninfiltration wurde eine Korrelation von > 99% zwischen der histologischen und sonographischen Tumoreindringtiefe gefunden (p <0.001).SchlussfolgerungenPräoperativer HFUS beeinflusst das therapeutische Vorgehen bei NMSC, indem es eine subklinische Beteiligung tieferer Strukturen erkennt, umfangreichere diagnostische Maßnahmen vermeidet, Kosten reduziert und die Qualität der Gesundheitsversorgung verbessert. HFUS sollte in der Dermatochirurgie vor der Tumorentfernung zur optimierten Therapie und zur verbesserten Patientenberatung eingesetzt werden.
The case for 100% money: Ten reasons for separating money issuance from banking
Authors: Demeulemeester Samuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe ‘100% money’ proposal aims at divorcing the creation of money from banking, by requiring 100% reserves on transaction accounts. The public monetary authority would then be the sole issuer of means of payment, while the banks would function as true intermediaries, financing loans with pre‐existing money. This article, building on the works of 1930s economists such as Irving Fisher, presents ten arguments in favour of this reform proposal — arguing that it would, in particular, prevent cumulative variations in the money stock, facilitate monetary control, reduce government intervention in banking, improve public finances, and make money creation more neutral.
Reassessing the Bengal Famine of 1943
Authors: Jungkow Hira , Anderson Herbert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Bengal famine of 1943 has received significant attention from academia, politicians and the public. This is the result both of its considerable death toll and the range of factors held responsible, including politicians. However, despite the quantity of discussion and controversy that it has generated, three areas have thus far been insufficiently addressed: the results of the Bengal Food Drive, the geographic link between famine and the ‘denial policy’, and the economic Balkanisation of India. This article addresses these areas to draw a more rounded conclusion on the debate around the famine.
A positive feedback to climate change: The effect of temperature on the respiration of key wood‐decomposing fungi does not decline with time
Authors: Journeaux Katie L. , Boddy Lynne , Rowland Lucy , Hartley Iain P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHeterotrophic soil microorganisms are responsible for ~50% of the carbon dioxide released by respiration from the terrestrial biosphere each year. The respiratory response of soil microbial communities to warming, and the control mechanisms, remains uncertain, yet is critical to understanding the future land carbon (C)‐climate feedback. Individuals of nine species of fungi decomposing wood were exposed to 90 days of cooling to evaluate the medium‐term effect of temperature on respiration. Overall, the effect of temperature on respiration increased in the medium term, with no evidence of compensation. However, the increasing effect of temperature on respiration was lost after correcting for changes in biomass. These results indicate that C loss through respiration of wood‐decomposing fungi will increase beyond the direct effects of temperature on respiration, potentially promoting greater C losses from terrestrial ecosystems and a positive feedback to climate change.
Mapping the distance between fire hazard and disaster for communities in Canadian forests
Authors: Wang Xianli , Swystun Tom , McFayden Colin B. , Erni Sandy , Oliver Jacqueline , Taylor Stephen W. , Flannigan Mike D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCommunities interspersed throughout the Canadian wildland are threatened by fires that have become bigger and more frequent in some parts of the country in recent decades. Identifying the fireshed (source area) and pathways from which wildland fire may ignite and spread from the landscape to a community is crucial for risk‐reduction strategy and planning. We used outputs from a fire simulation model, including fire polygons and rate of spread, to map firesheds, fire pathways and corridors and spread distances for 1980 communities in the forested areas of Canada. We found fireshed sizes are larger in the north, where the mean distances between ecumene and fireshed perimeters were greater than 10 km. The Rayleigh Z test indicated that simulated fires around a large proportion of communities show significant directional trends, and these trends are stronger in the Boreal Plains and Shields than in the Rocky Mountain area. The average distance from which fire, when spreading at the maximum simulated rate, could reach the community perimeter was approximately 5, 12 and 18 km in 1, 2 and 3 days, respectively. The average daily spread distances increased latitudinally, from south to north. Spread distances were the shortest in the Pacific Maritime, Atlantic Maritime and Boreal Plains Ecozones, implying lower rates of spread compared to the rest of the country. The fire corridors generated from random ignitions and from ignitions predicted from local fire history differ, indicating that factors other than fuel (e.g. fire weather, ignition pattern) play a significant role in determining the direction that fires burn into a community.
Prevalence of frailty and pain in hospitalised cancer patients: implications for older adult care
Authors: Lane Heather , Saunders Rosemary , Crookes Kate , Ang Seng G. M. , Bulsara Caroline , Bulsara Max K. , Ewens Beverley , Gallagher Olivia , Gullick Karen , Haydon Sue , Hughes Jeff , Nguyen Kim‐Huong , Seaman Karla , Etherton‐Beer Christopher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA hospital‐wide point prevalence study investigated frailty and pain in patients with a cancer‐related admission. Modifiable factors associated with frailty in people with cancer were determined through logistic regression. Forty‐eight patients (19%) with cancer‐related admissions were 2.65 times more likely to be frail and 2.12 more likely to have moderate pain. Frailty and pain were highly prevalent among cancer‐related admissions, reinforcing the need for frailty screening and importance of pain assessment for patients with cancer.
A Slicing‐Free Perspective to Sufficient Dimension Reduction: Selective Review and Recent Developments
Authors: Li Lu , Shao Xiaofeng , Yu Zhou 
Published: March 2024

SummarySince the pioneering work of sliced inverse regression, sufficient dimension reduction has been growing into a mature field in statistics and it has broad applications to regression diagnostics, data visualisation, image processing and machine learning. In this paper, we provide a review of several popular inverse regression methods, including sliced inverse regression (SIR) method and principal hessian directions (PHD) method. In addition, we adopt a conditional characteristic function approach and develop a new class of slicing‐free methods, which are parallel to the classical SIR and PHD, and are named weighted inverse regression ensemble (WIRE) and weighted PHD (WPHD), respectively. Relationship with recently developed martingale difference divergence matrix is also revealed. Numerical studies and a real data example show that the proposed slicing‐free alternatives have superior performance than SIR and PHD.
Learning Newtonian mechanics with an intrinsically integrated educational game
Authors: van der Linden Anne , Meulenbroeks Ralph F. G. , van Joolingen Wouter R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch on cognitive effects of educational games in general shows promising results. However, there are large variations in learning outcomes between individual educational games. Research on the design process and different design elements of educational games has led to some interesting directions, but some design aspects remain unclear.ObjectivesWe examined how an educational game designed on the basis of intrinsic integration theory, based on a strong alignment between game and learning goals, supports the learning of Newtonian mechanics.MethodsThis study applied a mixed‐methods approach (N = 223). A pre‐ and post‐test design was used to examine possible learning and transfer effects fostered by playing the educational game, Newton's Race. To examine how players played the game, log data for each player were digitally recorded during gameplay.Results and ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated a significant positive learning effect of Newton's Race (p = 0.003, d = 0.201). This can be explained through the acquired log data. Log data show that players' gameplay mostly matched expected learning during the game, with physically correct game settings occurring more and more as gameplay progressed. The ability to transfer learned knowledge to other situations was shown to be limited to situations closely resembling the game environment.ImplicationsSimilarly, designed intrinsically integrated games on different (physics) subjects could also foster learning in a relative short time. To foster transfer to other situations we propose embedding the game within other instructional activities.