bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of four rapid diagnostic tests that detect human Trypanosoma cruzi-specific antibodies to support diagnosis of Chagas Disease in urban population of Argentina
Authors: Rivero Rocío , Santini M. Soledad , Lopez-Albizu Constanza , Rodriguez Marcelo , Calbosa Adriana , Oliveto Daniela , Esteva Mónica , Bisio Margarita , Bohorquez Laura C. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is the most important endemic anthropozoonosis in Argentina. Since 2010, the World Health Organization has highlighted the urgent need to validate diagnostic systems that allow rapid detection of T. cruzi, infection in primary healthcare centers. Serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for T. cruzi, infection could be used to improve case management, as RDTs do not require specialized laboratories or highly trained staff to use them. We aimed to generate unbiased performance data of RDTs in Argentina, to evaluate their usefulness for improving T. cruzi, diagnosis rates.

Methods and principal findings
This is a retrospective, laboratory-based, diagnostic evaluation study to estimate the clinical sensitivity/specificity of four commercially available RDTs for T. cruzi, using the Chagas disease diagnostic algorithm currently used in Argentina as the reference standard. In total, 400 serum samples were tested, 200 from individuals with chronic T. cruzi infection and 200 from individuals not infected with T. cruzi. All results were registered as the agreement of at least two operators who were blinded to the reference standard results. The sensitivity estimates ranged from 92.5–100% (95% confidence interval (CI) lower bound 87.9–98.2%); for specificity, the range was 76–96% (95% CI lower bound 69.5–92.3%). Most RDTs evaluated showed performances comparable with the reference standard method, showing almost perfect concordance (Kappa 0.76–0.92).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that, under controlled laboratory conditions, commercially available RDTs for CD have a performance comparable to the Argentinian diagnostic algorithm, which is based on laboratory-based serological tests. For the next stage of our work, the RDTs will be evaluated in real-world settings.
Walkability and socio-economic status in relation to walking, playing and sports practice in a representative Spanish sample of youth: The PASOS study
Authors: Aznar Susana , Jimenez-Zazo Fabio , Romero-Blanco Cristina , Gómez Santiago F. , Homs Clara , Wärnberg Julia , Medrano Maria , Gusi Narcís , Gonzalez-Gross Marcela , Marín-Cascales Elena , González-Valeiro Miguel Ángel , Serra-Majem Lluis , Terrados Nicolás , Tur Josep A. , Segu Marta , Lassale Camille , Colom-Fernández Antoni , Labayen Idoia , Sánchez-Gómez Jesús , Alcaraz Pedro Emilio , Sevilla-Sanchez Marta , Zapico Augusto G. , Herrera-Ramos Estefanía , Pulgar Susana , Bibilonii Maria del Mar , Sistac Clara , Schröder Helmut , Molina-García Javier 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Physical activity (PA) provides multiple health-related benefits in children and adolescents, however, at present, the majority of young people are insufficiently physically active. The aim of this study was to evaluate if neighborhood walkability and/or socio-economic status (SES) could affect the practice of walking, play outdoors and sports practice in a representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents.

Methods
A sample of 4092 youth (aged 8–16 years old) from 245 primary and secondary schools in 121 localities from each of the 17 Spanish autonomous communities participated in the study. Walk Score was used to evaluate walkability of the neighborhood and household income was used as an indicator of SES. A 7-item self-reported validated questionnaire, was used to assess PA levels, and in a subsample of 10% of the participants, randomly selected from the entire sample, PA was objectively measured by accelerometers.

Results
Youth from more walkable areas reported more minutes walking per day compared with those from less walkable neighborhoods (51.4 vs 48.8 minutes, respectively). The lowest average minutes spent in playing outdoors was found among participants from low-SES and low-walkable neighborhoods. Neighborhood SES influenced on the participation in team sports during the weekend, being this participation higher in high SES neighborhoods.

Conclusion
Providing high walkable environments seems a good strategy to promote PA regardless SES levels. It seems that improving the walkability is a key component to partially overcome the SES inequalities, especially in urban areas with low SES. High-SES environments can offer better sports facilities and more organized physical activities than low-SES ones.
Evaluating synergistic effects of metformin and simvastatin on ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Mikhael Sara , Kurdi Abdullah , Khoueiry-Zgheib Nathalie , Tahtouh Roula , Nasr Rihab , Hilal George 
Published: March 2024

Background
Ovarian Cancer (OC) stands as the most lethal gynecological malignancy, presenting an urgent clinical challenge in the quest to improve response rates. One approach to address this challenge is through drug repurposing, exemplified by the investigation of metabolic-modulating drugs such as Metformin (MTF) and Simvastatin (SIM). This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms contributing to the potential synergistic anti-cancer effects between MTF and SIM on ovarian cancer cells.

Methods
We assessed the effects of the combination on the proliferation and viability of two cell lines OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3. IC50 concentrations of MTF and SIM were determined using a proliferation assay, followed by subtoxic concentrations to explore the potential synergistic effects on the viability of both cell lines. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted on OVCAR-3 treated cells, and the findings were validated by assessing the expression levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through real-time PCR in both cell lines SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3.

Results
Cytotoxicity analysis guided the selection of treatment concentrations as such MTF 10 mM and SIM 5 μM. The combined treatment of MTF and SIM demonstrated a synergistic inhibition of proliferation and viability in both cell lines. In OVCAR-3, exclusive identification of 507 DEGs was seen in the combination arm. Upregulation of FOXO3, RhoA, and TNFα, along with downregulation of PIK3R1, SKP2, and ATP6V1D levels, was observed in OVCAR-3 treated cells. Real-time PCR validation confirmed the consistency of expression levels for the mentioned DEGs.

Conclusion
Our data strongly supports the presence of synergy between MTF and SIM in OC cells. The combination’s effect is associated with the dysregulation of genes in the key regulators AMPK and mTOR alongside other interconnected pathways.
The relationship between dietary phosphorus and peripheral neuropathy in the general population of the United States: A preliminary research
Authors: Wu Chunli , Wu Zhe , Chen Yanling , Xu Huirong , Li Kejian 
Published: March 2024

Background
Dietary phosphorus intake may serve as a potential predictor for peripheral neuropathy (PN). While past research has predominantly focused on the relationship between dietary phosphorus and bone health, relatively little is known about its role in the nervous system, particularly its association with PN.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from NHANES 1999–2004. Participants were categorized into different dietary phosphorus intake groups, and the relationship between dietary phosphorus and PN was explored using multifactorial logistic regression, restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis, and threshold effect analysis based on dietary intake.

Results
The final study included 7726 participants, with 1378 diagnosed with PN and 6348 without. The study revealed a U-shaped non-linear relationship between dietary calcium and magnesium intake levels and PN, indicating that both excessive and insufficient dietary phosphorus intake may increase the risk of PN. Specifically, the incidence rates in the first quintile (1.433, 95% CI: 1.080–1.901), the fourth quintile (1.284, 95% CI: 1.000–1.648), and the fifth quintile (1.533, 95% CI: 1.155–2.035) significantly higher than the second quintile, with an overall trend showing a decrease followed by an increase in incidence rates. The results of RCS and threshold effect analysis indicate that when dietary phosphorus intake is below 939.44mg, the risk of PN decreases with increasing dietary phosphorus intake. On the contrary, when dietary phosphorus intake exceeds 939.44mg, the risk of PN increases with increasing dietary phosphorus intake.

Conclusion
This study reveals a U-shaped correlation between dietary phosphorus intake and PN. Future research should further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this association, providing guidance for more scientifically informed dietary adjustments to prevent the occurrence of PN.
The impact of metabolic syndrome severity on racial and ethnic disparities in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Elsaid Mohamed I. , Bridges John F. P. , Mumtaz Khalid , Li Na , Sobotka Lindsay , Rustgi Vinod K. , Paskett Electra D. 
Published: March 2024

Background & aims
Previous studies have examined the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) rather than its severity on race and ethnic disparities in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). We used the MetS severity score, a validated sex-race-ethnicity-specific severity measure, to examine the effects of race/ethnicity on the association between MetS severity and MASLD.

Methods
This study included 10,605 adult participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The MASLD diagnosis was based on ultrasound findings in patients without excessive alcohol intake or other liver diseases. MetS severity Z-scores were calculated and stratified into four categories low (1st-50th), moderate (>50th-75th), high (>75th-90th), and very high (>90th+)]. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models with complex survey methods were used to test the effect of MetS severity on MASLD.

Results
The age-adjusted MASLD prevalence was 17.4%, 25.7%, 42.5, and 54.9% in adults with mild, moderate, high, and very high MetS severities, respectively (P-trend <0.001). MetS severity was significantly higher in patients with MASLD than in those without [mean percentile 60th vs. 44th, P<0.001]. Among patients with MASLD, Mexican-American and Black non-Hispanic females had significantly higher age-adjusted MetS severity (68th and 61st, respectively) than White non-Hispanic females 54th, while Black non-Hispanic males had significantly lower MetS severity (56th) than White non-Hispanic males (70th) (P-Interaction = 0.02). Adults with high and very high MetS severity had 2.27 (95% CI:1.70 to 3.03) and 3.12 (95% CI:2.20 to 4.42), respectively, higher adjusted odds of MASLD than those with mild MetS severity.

Conclusions
Racial/ethnic disparities in MetS severity play a pivotal role in the risk of MASLD. Our findings highlight the potential clinical utility of the MetS severity score in identifying at-risk individuals, which will help guide targeted prevention and tailoring management strategies to mitigate the MASLD burden.
Correlates of post-traumatic growth among persons bereaved from cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: K. N. V. Sri Lakshmi , Rajkumar Eslavath , Gopi Aswathy , Hareesh P. V. , Romate John , Lakshmi R. , Abraham John 
Published: March 2024

Background
Recent research identified that cancer bereavement can lead to post-traumatic growth (PTG). Although PTG and its correlates are well explored in cancer patients and survivors, persons bereaved from cancer have received scant attention. Therefore, the present review attempts to identify the correlates of PTG among persons bereaved from cancer.

Methods
A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, APA PsycNet, Science Direct, Scopus, and Wiley was conducted to identify quantitative studies published in English, resulting in 12 eligible reports being included in the final analysis. JBI critical checklists were employed to appraise the risk of bias.

Results
The review identified 17 correlates, which were classified into four categories: demographic factors (age, gender, religious status, level of education), loss-related factors (time since death, quality of death, prolonged grief symptoms), interpersonal factors (relationship to the deceased, social support, attachment style, bereavement behaviours) and intrapersonal factors (resilience, coping, rumination, benevolence, meaningfulness, self-worth). Random effects meta-analyses on six correlates revealed correlation coefficients of age = -0.02 (95% CI: -0.35–0.31), gender = 0.27 (95% CI: 0.08–0.45), time since death = 0.09 (95% CI: -0.02–0.20), quality of death = 0.29 (95% CI: -0.01–0.54), prolonged grief symptoms = 0.22 (95% CI: 0.08–0.35) and relationship to the deceased = 0.13 (95% CI: -0.03–0.29). Fixed effects meta-analysis was performed for social support (r = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04–0.21). However, PTG was found to be significantly associated with gender, prolonged grief symptoms, and social support.

Conclusions
Very few studies examined PTG among persons bereaved from cancer, highlighting the need for increased attention, understanding, and conceptualisation of PTG in the population.
Factors associated with suicidal ideation among medical residents in Tehran during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicentric cross-sectional survey
Authors: Saeed Fahimeh , Ghalehnovi Elaheh , Saeidi Mahdieh , Ali beigi Neda , Vahedi Mohsen , Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Kamalzadeh Leila , Nazeri Astaneh Ali , Jalali Nadoushan Amir Hossein , Shoib Sheikh 
Published: March 2024

Background
The mental health of medical residents, challenged by their intensive training, is of utmost concern. In light of reported suicides among Iranian medical residents in 2021, this study investigates the factors behind suicidal ideation among medical residents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tehran.

Methods
This study conducted a cross-sectional online survey among medical residents in various specialties in Tehran, Iran, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), while depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the DASS-21. It also collected demographic and clinical data from the participants. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and multiple linear regression to examine the prevalence and determinants of suicidal ideation among medical residents.

Results
The study enrolled 353 medical residents and found that 34.3% of them had suicidal ideation, with 10.2% indicating a high risk. The study also found high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants. The variables that significantly predicted suicidal ideation were depression, history of alcohol/substance use, personal history of suicide attempts, history of self-mutilation, family history of suicide attempts, number of shifts in a month, death of close persons because of COVID-19, and income. Depression was the strongest predictor of suicidal ideation.

Conclusion
These findings underscore the urgent need for effective interventions and support systems to address the mental health needs of medical residents in Iran. The strategies should prioritize destigmatizing mental health, promoting access to mental health services, fostering a supportive training environment, and enhancing income opportunities.
Consent Culture and Teen Films: Adolescent Sexuality in US Movies, Michele Meek (2023)
Authors: Heath Miriam 
Published: March 2024

Review of: Consent Culture and Teen Films: Adolescent Sexuality in US Movies, Michele Meek (2023)
Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 244pp., ISBN: 9780253065742 (pbk), $30.00, ISBN: 9780253065735 (hbk), $75.00, ISBN: 9780253065766 (ebk), $29.99
A functorial approach to rank functions on triangulated categories
Authors: Conde Teresa , Gorsky Mikhail , Marks Frederik , Zvonareva Alexandra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We study rank functions on a triangulated category 𝒞 via its abelianisation

mod
⁡
C

\operatorname{mod}\mathcal{C}

.
We prove that every rank function on 𝒞 can be interpreted as an additive function on

mod
⁡
C

\operatorname{mod}\mathcal{C}

.
As a consequence, every integral rank function has a unique decomposition into irreducible ones.
Furthermore, we relate integral rank functions to a number of important concepts in the functor category

Mod
⁡
C

\operatorname{Mod}\mathcal{C}

.
We study the connection between rank functions and functors from 𝒞 to locally finite triangulated categories, generalising results by Chuang and Lazarev.
In the special case

C
=

T
c

\mathcal{C}=\mathcal{T}^{c}

for a compactly generated triangulated category 𝒯, this connection becomes particularly nice, providing a link between rank functions on 𝒞 and smashing localisations of 𝒯.
In this context, any integral rank function can be described using the composition length with respect to certain endofinite objects in 𝒯.
Finally, if

C
=

per
⁡

(
A
)

\mathcal{C}=\operatorname{per}(A)

for a differential graded algebra 𝐴, we classify homological epimorphisms

A
→
B

A\to B

with

per
⁡

(
B
)

\operatorname{per}(B)

locally finite via special rank functions which we call idempotent.
Lower limits of physical properties and classification evaluation criteria of the tight reservoir in the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area of the Kuqa depression
Authors: Dong Caiyuan , Yang Wei , Li Jun , Li Dejiang , Wu Xueqiong , Miao Weidong , Zhu Haihua , Yang Xilin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area is a key natural gas exploration formation in the northern structural belt. Based on geological data such as formation tests and physical properties, the tight reservoirs were determined using the empirical statistics method, distribution function method, oil-bearing occurrence method, and bound fluid saturation method reasonably. The lower limit of the oil-bearing physical properties of the layer was further analyzed for the differences between the methods. The pore-throat structure of tight sandstone was characterized by high-pressure mercury intrusion data, and the classification and evaluation standard of tight sandstone in the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area was established combining fractal theory and physical property data. The results show that the lower physical limit porosity of the tight reservoir of the Ahe Formation in the Dibei Area is 2.4%, and the lower permeability limit is 0.021 × 10−3 μm2. According to the fractal dimension characteristics of the mercury injection curve, the different structural characteristics of four types of pores (fracture, macropore, mesopore, and small pore) can be divided with the boundary values are 3,000, 1,000, and 100 nm; the tight reservoir of the Ahe Formation in Dibei Area can be classified into four categories: (a) type I reservoir (Ф > 7%), mainly composed of fracture and macropore; (b) type II reservoir (4% < Ф < 7%), mainly made up of macropore and mesopore; (c) type III reservoir (2% < Ф < 4%), mainly formed by mesopore; and (d) type IV reservoir (Ф < 2%) dominated by small pore, followed by mesopore.
Improved rapidly exploring random tree using salp swarm algorithm
Authors: Muhsen Dena Kadhim , Raheem Firas Abdulrazzaq , Sadiq Ahmed T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the limitations of the initial rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm, robotics faces challenges in path planning. This study proposes the integration of the metaheuristic salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to enhance the RRT algorithm, resulting in a new algorithm termed IRRT-SSA. The IRRT-SSA addresses issues inherent in the original RRT, enhancing efficiency and path-finding capabilities. A detailed explanation of IRRT-SSA is provided, emphasizing its distinctions from the core RRT. Comprehensive insights into parameterization and algorithmic processes contribute to a thorough understanding of its implementation. Comparative analysis demonstrates the superior performance of IRRT-SSA over the basic RRT, showing improvements of approximately 49, 54, and 54% in average path length, number of nodes, and number of iterations, respectively. This signifies the enhanced effectiveness of the proposed method. Theoretical and practical implications of IRRT-SSA are highlighted, particularly its influence on practical robotic applications, serving as an exemplar of tangible benefits.
Temporal effects of caffeine on intrapulmonary shunt in preterm ventilated infants
Authors: Kaltsogianni Ourania , Bhat Ravindra , Greenough Anne , Dassios Theodore 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We hypothesized that caffeine would be associated with a transient reduction in the right-to-left shunt and VA/Q. We aimed to explore the temporal effects of caffeine on right-to-left shunt, ventilation perfusion ratio (VA/Q) and shift of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve (ODC) in premature ventilated infants.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary neonatal unit of infants born at less than 31 weeks of gestation that were mechanically ventilated on day three of life. The non-invasive method of the ODC was used to determine the right-to-left shunt, VA/Q and shift before and at 1, 4 and 20 h after a maintenance dose of caffeine citrate.

Results
A total of 21 infants were included with a median (range) gestational age of 27 (23.7–30.7) weeks. The median shunt percentage was significantly reduced, compared to baseline at 1 h (8 (range: 7–9) % vs. 4 (range: 0–6) %, p=0.042) and 4 h post caffeine administration (8 (range: 7–9) % vs. 0 (range: 0–3) %, p=0.042), but the VA/Q and the right shift of the ODC did not differ significantly between these time points. At 20 h, there were no significant differences between these indices compared to baseline values.

Conclusions
Caffeine led to a transient decrease in intrapulmonary shunt from one to 4 h after administration and this may be due to its diuretic action.
Comparative study of copper nanoparticles over radially stretching sheet with water and silicone oil
Authors: Hayat Umer , Shaiq Shakil , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Shahzad Azeem , Farooq Aamir , Kamran Muhammad , Shah Nehad Ali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Copper nanoparticles are widely used in many sectors and research endeavors owing to their unique properties, including a large surface area, catalytic capabilities, and high thermal and electrical conductivity. The selection of the base fluid for copper nanoparticles should be contingent upon the anticipated application requirements since various fluids exhibit distinct characteristics that could potentially impact the mobility of the nanoparticles. The present investigation analyzes heat transfer phenomena occurring across a radially stretched surface. The research explores the effects of different states of Cu nanoparticles when combined with base fluids, such as water and silicone oil, on the heat transfer process. The momentum and energy equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by applying the similarity transformation. The boundary value problem-fourth-order (BVP4C) method numerically solves the governing ordinary differential equation for the modeled problem. In addition, the influence of various factors such as the slip parameter, solid volume fraction, Eckert number, Prandtl number, and unsteadiness parameter are examined. It has been discovered that blade-shaped nanoparticles transfer heat as quickly as possible via silicone oil and water. However, for platelet-shaped nanoparticles, a minimum heat transfer rate has been noted. The maximum skin friction coefficient is observed in platelet-shaped nanoparticles, while blade-shaped nanoparticles have the lowest skin friction coefficient.