bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redox control of the partitioning of platinum and palladium into magmatic sulfide liquids
Authors: Wang Wanying , Li Yuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe partitioning behavior of platinum group elements in magmas is critical for their use as tracers of planetary accretion and in understanding magmatic sulfide deposits. Here we use laboratory experiments to determine sulfide liquid–silicate melt partition coefficients for platinum and palladium at 1.5 GPa, 1400 °C, and oxygen fugacity 1.5–2 log units above the fayalite–magnetite–quartz buffer. We find that the partitioning coefficients of these elements are 2.3 × 105 to 1.1 × 106 and are independent of the platinum and palladium concentration in the system. Combined with previous data obtained at oxygen fugacity below the fayalite–magnetite–quartz buffer, this indicates redox-controlled partitioning behavior whereby at oxidizing conditions platinum- and palladium-enrichments are achieved through their dissolution in sulfide liquids, while at reducing conditions the entrapment of platinum- and palladium-rich clusters in sulfide liquids is more critical. This redox-controlled partitioning behavior should be considered when studying crust–mantle differentiation and the formation of magmatic sulfide deposits.
Revealing speckle obscured living human retinal cells with artificial intelligence assisted adaptive optics optical coherence tomography
Authors: Das Vineeta , Zhang Furu , Bower Andrew J. , Li Joanne , Liu Tao , Aguilera Nancy , Alvisio Bruno , Liu Zhuolin , Hammer Daniel X. , Tam Johnny 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
In vivo imaging of the human retina using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) has transformed medical imaging by enabling visualization of 3D retinal structures at cellular-scale resolution, including the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are essential for maintaining visual function. However, because noise inherent to the imaging process (e.g., speckle) makes it difficult to visualize RPE cells from a single volume acquisition, a large number of 3D volumes are typically averaged to improve contrast, substantially increasing the acquisition duration and reducing the overall imaging throughput.

Methods
Here, we introduce parallel discriminator generative adversarial network (P-GAN), an artificial intelligence (AI) method designed to recover speckle-obscured cellular features from a single AO-OCT volume, circumventing the need for acquiring a large number of volumes for averaging. The combination of two parallel discriminators in P-GAN provides additional feedback to the generator to more faithfully recover both local and global cellular structures. Imaging data from 8 eyes of 7 participants were used in this study.

Results
We show that P-GAN not only improves RPE cell contrast by 3.5-fold, but also improves the end-to-end time required to visualize RPE cells by 99-fold, thereby enabling large-scale imaging of cells in the living human eye. RPE cell spacing measured across a large set of AI recovered images from 3 participants were in agreement with expected normative ranges.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate the potential of AI assisted imaging in overcoming a key limitation of RPE imaging and making it more accessible in a routine clinical setting.
γ-TuRC asymmetry induces local protofilament mismatch at the RanGTP-stimulated microtubule minus end
Authors: Vermeulen Bram JA , Böhler Anna , Gao Qi , Neuner Annett , Župa Erik , Chu Zhenzhen , Würtz Martin , Jäkle Ursula , Gruss Oliver J , Pfeffer Stefan , Schiebel Elmar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) is a structural template for de novo microtubule assembly from α/β-tubulin units. The isolated vertebrate γ-TuRC assumes an asymmetric, open structure deviating from microtubule geometry, suggesting that γ-TuRC closure may underlie regulation of microtubule nucleation. Here, we isolate native γ-TuRC-capped microtubules from Xenopus laevis egg extract nucleated through the RanGTP-induced pathway for spindle assembly and determine their cryo-EM structure. Intriguingly, the microtubule minus end-bound γ-TuRC is only partially closed and consequently, the emanating microtubule is locally misaligned with the γ-TuRC and asymmetric. In the partially closed conformation of the γ-TuRC, the actin-containing lumenal bridge is locally destabilised, suggesting lumenal bridge modulation in microtubule nucleation. The microtubule-binding protein CAMSAP2 specifically binds the minus end of γ-TuRC-capped microtubules, indicating that the asymmetric minus end structure may underlie recruitment of microtubule-modulating factors for γ-TuRC release. Collectively, we reveal a surprisingly asymmetric microtubule minus end protofilament organisation diverging from the regular microtubule structure, with direct implications for the kinetics and regulation of nucleation and subsequent modulation of microtubules during spindle assembly.
The Crk4-Cyc4 complex regulates G2/M transition in Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Hawkins Lauren M , Wang Chengqi , Chaput Dale , Batra Mrinalini , Marsilia Clem , Awshah Danya , Suvorova Elena S 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA versatile division of apicomplexan parasites and a dearth of conserved regulators have hindered the progress of apicomplexan cell cycle studies. While most apicomplexans divide in a multinuclear fashion, Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites divide in the traditional binary mode. We previously identified five Toxoplasma CDK-related kinases (Crk). Here, we investigated TgCrk4 and its cyclin partner TgCyc4. We demonstrated that TgCrk4 regulates conventional G2 phase processes, such as repression of chromosome rereplication and centrosome reduplication, and acts upstream of the spindle assembly checkpoint. The spatial TgCyc4 dynamics supported the TgCrk4–TgCyc4 complex role in the coordination of chromosome and centrosome cycles. We also identified a dominant TgCrk4–TgCyc4 complex interactor, TgiRD1 protein, related to DNA replication licensing factor CDT1 but played no role in licensing DNA replication in the G1 phase. Our results showed that TgiRD1 also plays a role in controlling chromosome and centrosome reduplication. Global phosphoproteome analyses identified TgCrk4 substrates, including TgORC4, TgCdc20, TgGCP2, and TgPP2ACA. Importantly, the phylogenetic and structural studies suggest the Crk4–Cyc4 complex is limited to a minor group of the binary dividing apicomplexans.
Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System: Content and Criterion Validity Across Evidence-Based Voice Therapies for Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Authors: Van Stan Jarrad H. , Roy Nelson , Stemple Joseph , Gartner-Schmidt Jaqueline , Gillespie Amanda I. , Whyte John , Duffy Joseph , Turkstra Lyn 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Systematically improving voice therapy outcomes is challenging as the clinician actions (i.e., active ingredients) responsible for improved patient functioning (i.e., targets) are relatively unknown. The theory-driven Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) and standard, voice-specific terminology based on the RTSS (RTSS-Voice) may help address this problem. This qualitative study evaluated if the RTSS and RTSS-Voice can describe four evidence-based voice therapies for muscle tension dysphonia without missing critical aspects (content validity) and identify commonalities and differences across them (criterion validity).

Method:
Qualitative interviews were completed between the clinicians (protocol experts) who developed and/or popularized the vocal function exercises, laryngeal reposturing, circumlaryngeal massage, and conversation training therapies as well as RTSS experts to produce RTSS specifications that met two consensus criteria: (a) The protocol expert agreed that the specification represented their treatment theory, and (b) the RTSS experts agreed that the specifications correctly adhered to both the RTSS framework and the RTSS-Voice's standard terminology.

Results:
The RTSS and RTSS-Voice comprehensively described voice therapy variations across and within the four diverse treatment programs, needing only the addition of one new target: overall auditory-perceptual severity.

Conclusions:
The RTSS and RTSS-Voice exhibited strong content validity. The standard RTSS-Voice terminology helped identify, for the first time, commonalities and differences in treatment ingredients, targets, and mechanisms of action across four treatments developed for the same patient population. In the long term, the RTSS and RTSS-Voice could provide the framework for an ever-growing collection of clinically meaningful and evidence-based therapy algorithms with potential to improve research, education, and clinical care.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25537624
Retracted Article: The Role of Nanomaterials in Advancing Sustainable Healthcare Practices
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Yadav Rajat , Kumar Rahul , Raturi Anuj , Rao A.L.N. , Kumar Anil , Shirish Boob Nandini 
Published: April 2024

This paper has been formally retracted from publication by the Publisher due to the fact that it has no scientific validity.
Request approved by the Publisher on October 15, 2024.
Podemos dispensar o uso do torniquete nas artroplastias totais do joelho?
Authors: Guerreiro João Paulo Fernandes , Janeiro Caio Winch , Zarpelon Bruno , Calzavara Paulo Mazzo , Bignardi Paulo Roberto , Danieli Marcus Vinicius 
Published: April 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Analisar se há mais sangramento em pacientes submetidos a artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ) sem a utilização do torniquete. Os objetivos secundários foram analisar os tempos cirúrgico e de internação, a necessidade de transfusão e a taxa de complicações.
Métodos Estudo retrospectivo por meio da análise de prontuários. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: ATJ com e sem a utilização de torniquete. Foram comparados os valores das quedas da hemoglobina e do hematócrito 24 h e 48 h após a cirurgia, os tempos cirúrgico e de internação, a necessidade de transfusão e a taxa de complicações até 5 meses de pós-operatório.
Resultados No período, foram operados 104 pacientes, sendo 94 incluídos no estudo. Não houve diferença entre as médias dos valores da hemoglobina e do hematócrito entre os grupos no pré-operatório (p = 0,675 e p = 0,265, respectivamente), 24 h (p = 0,099 e p = 0,563, respectivamente) e 48 h (p = 0,569 e p = 0,810, respectivamente) após a cirurgia. O tempo cirúrgico e o tempo de internação também não foram diferentes entre os grupos (p = 0,484 e p > 0,05, respectivamente). Não houve diferença com relação à necessidade de transfusões, nem com relação à taxa de complicações analisadas.
Conclusão Podemos dispensar o uso do torniquete nas cirurgias de ATJ sem alteração significativa no valor dos níveis de hemoglobina e de hematócrito 24 h e 48 h após a cirurgia quando comparado ao grupo com uso de torniquete. Não houve diferenças significativas no tempo total das cirurgias, no tempo de internação, na necessidade de transfusões e nas taxas de complicações analisadas.
Acesso à coluna lombossacral: Visão atual
Authors: Araujo Ono Allan Hiroshi de , Pereira Filho Aécio Rubens Dias , Araujo Fernando Flores de , Marcon Raphael Marthus , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcisio Eloy de Pessoa 
Published: April 2024

ResumoA abordagem cirúrgica da coluna lombossacral tem sido objeto de estudos anatômicos experimentais e científicos desde a era hipocrática. Contudo, foi no século XX que, com a evolução da assepsia e da antibioticoterapia, a cirurgia da coluna começou a evoluir em velocidade vertiginosa e as diversas possibilidades de vias de acesso tornaram-se objetos de desenvolvimento e discussão. Desta forma, as doenças da coluna lombossacral podem ser acessadas de diferentes maneiras e posições, desde a abordagem posterior tradicional em decúbito ventral até as abordagens anterior, oblíqua, lateral e endoscópica. O presente artigo traz vias de acesso de última geração para a coluna lombossacral. O objetivo deste artigo é elucidar as possibilidades de acesso à coluna lombar para quaisquer finalidades, como descompressão, fusão, ressecções tumorais, reconstrução ou correção de deformidades, independentemente do tipo de implante ou seu posicionamento.
Fraturas do rádio distal associadas à fratura do escafoide
Authors: Nogueira Caio Kzan Geyer , Moraes Vinícius Ynoe de , Sarmento Lucas Pereira , Nakachima Luís Renato , Santos João Baptista Gomes dos , Belloti João Carlos 
Published: April 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os resultados epidemiológicos e funcionais dos pacientes que apresentaram fraturas concomitantes do rádio distal e do escafoide e foram tratados em um único centro especializado em cirurgia da mão, através de instrumentos validados para analisar os desfechos funcionais desses pacientes.
Métodos Foram avaliados os pacientes com diagnóstico de fratura do rádio distal e escafoide tratados de janeiro de 2011 até dezembro de 2021, através dos questionários Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) e Escala Visual Analógica da dor (EVA); goniometria; consolidação radiográfica; complicações em seis meses de pós-operatório.
Resultados Vinte e três pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, sendo 73,9% homens e 26,1% mulheres; 56,5% das fraturas ocorreram à direita e 43,5% à esquerda. A maioria das fraturas do rádio distal foi tratada com placa volar bloqueada, totalizando 56%. Na avaliação funcional pelo PRWE, obteve-se média de 35,9 pontos (variação de 14 a 71 pontos) e pelo DASH média de 37,8 pontos (variação de 12 a 78 pontos). A EVA apresentou uma média de 2,33 durante a atividade (variação de 0,6 a 6,2).
Conclusão Verificou-se que as fraturas do rádio distal associadas a fraturas do escafoide foram causadas por traumas de alta energia, com o sexo masculino mais acometido. Houve baixo índice de complicações com tratamento cirúrgico e os pacientes tiveram evolução funcional satisfatória, com baixo índice de dor.
Experimental study and numerical simulation of morphing characteristics of bistable laminates embedded with 3D printed shape memory polymers
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Yang Guoquan , Pan Baisong , Sun Min , Zhang Guang , Chai Hao , Wu Huaping , Jiang Shaofei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bistable laminates have potential applications in areas such as buffer and soft robotics due to their two stable states and ability to deform through both snap-through and snap-back processes. However, conventional orthotropic bistable laminates with two stable state configurations and snap loads are similar in magnitude. There is a problem that the deformation cannot be easily driven when the laminate stiffness is high. To solve this problem, a clever design is needed to reduce the snap-back load and increase the snap-through load so that the driven deformation can be realized more easily. In this paper, we propose a design method to suppress and control the deformation of bistable laminates by utilizing the shape memory of 3D-printed shape memory polymers (SMP), which enables the laminates to increase the stiffness while reducing the driving force. First, a numerical model of viscoelasticity of the laminate is established to study its deformation characteristics, and the numerical results are compared with experimental results with good agreement. The effect of SMPs on the snap load and principal curvature of bistable laminates is also investigated. Finally, the interlayer interface bonding of the bistable laminates is examined in microscopic perspective. The results demonstrate that 3D printed SMPs can effectively enhance the snap-through load and reduce the snap-back load of bistable laminates, achieving deformation suppression and control while maintaining good interlaminar bonding with carbon fiber composites. This study provides new insights and practical significance for the deformation suppression and active control of bistable structures.
Constraining gamma-ray lines from dark matter annihilation using Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. data
Authors: Angel Lucia , Gambini Guillermo , Guedes Leticia , Queiroz Farinaldo S. , de Souza Vitor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Using 14 years of Fermi-LAT data and 10 years of H.E.S.S. observations in the direction of the galactic center, we derive limits on gamma-ray lines originated from dark matter annihilations for fermionic and scalar fields. We describe the dark matter annihilation into γγ or γZ final states in terms of effective operators and place limits on the energy scale as a function of the dark matter mass, taking into account the energy resolution of the instruments. For the Fermi-LAT data, we considered an NFW and a contracted NFW dark matter density profile, the latter being preferred by the Fermi GeV excess. For the H.E.S.S. observation, we used NFW and Einasto profiles. Fermi-LAT yields the most stringent constraints for dark matter masses below 300 GeV, whereas H.E.S.S. has the strongest ones for dark matter masses above 1 TeV. The telescopes share similar sensitivities for dark matter masses between 300 GeV and 1 TeV. We conclude that Fermi-LAT (H.E.S.S.) can probe energy scales up to 10(20) TeV for scalar and fermionic dark matter particles.
One-loop infrared rescattering by enhanced scalar fluctuations during inflation
Authors: Fumagalli Jacopo , Bhattacharya Sukannya , Peloso Marco , Renaux-Petel Sébastien , Witkowski Lukas T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that, whenever the perturbations of some field are excited during inflation by a physical process on sub-horizon scales, they unavoidably generate, even through gravitational interactions alone, a significant resonant IR cascade of power down to scales that are of the order of the horizon at that time (we denote these scales as near IR). We provide general analytic one-loop results for the enhancement of the IR power of the curvature perturbation generated by this effect, highlighting the role played by the resonance. We then study a number of examples in which the excited state is: (i) an isocurvature field, (ii) the curvature perturbation itself, (iii) a mixture of curvature and isocurvature fluctuations driven to an excited state by their coupled dynamics. In the cases shown, the cascade significantly modifies the near IR part of the power spectrum of the curvature perturbation with respect to the linear theory, indicating that this effect can impact the phenomenology associated with a variety of mechanisms considered in the literature, notably concerning primordial black holes and gravitational waves.
On the transition radiation interpretation of anomalous ANITA events
Authors: Ammerman-Yebra Juan , Alvarez-Muñiz Jaime , Zas Enrique 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) detector has observed several radio pulses coming from the surface of the ice cap at the South Pole. These pulses were attributed to upward-going atmospheric particle showers instead of the downward-going showers induced by cosmic rays that exhibit a characteristic polarity inversion of the radio signal due to reflection in the ice. Coherent transition radiation from cosmic-ray showers developing in the atmosphere and intercepting the ice surface has been suggested as a possible and alternative explanation of these so-called “anomalous” events. To test this interpretation, we have developed an extension of ZHS, a program to calculate coherent pulses from electromagnetic showers, to deal with showers that transit a planar interface between two homogeneous and dielectric media, including transition radiation. By considering different geometries, it is found that all pulses from air showers intercepting the ice surface and detected at the height of ANITA, display the same polarity as pulses emitted by ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray showers that fully develop in the atmosphere and are reflected on the ice. We find that transition radiation is disfavored as a possible explanation of the anomalous ANITA events.
Scalar gravitational waves can be generated even without direct coupling between Dark Energy and ordinary matter
Authors: Chou Li-Ying , Chu Yi-Zen , Liu Yen-Wei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We point out, the scalar sector of gravitational perturbations may be excited by an isolated astrophysical system immersed in a universe whose accelerated expansion is not due to the cosmological constant, but due to extra field degrees of freedom. This is true even if the source of gravitational radiation did not couple directly to these additional fields. We illustrate this by considering a universe driven by a single canonical scalar field. By working within the gauge-invariant formalism, we solve for the electric components of the linearised Weyl tensor to demonstrate that both the gravitational massless spin-2 (transverse-traceless) tensor and the (Bardeen) scalar modes are generated by a generic astrophysical source. For concreteness, the Dark Energy scalar field is either released from rest, or allowed to asymptote toward the minimum in a certain class of potentials; and we compute the traceless tidal forces induced by gravitational radiation from a hypothetical compact binary system residing in such a universe. Though their magnitudes are very small compared to the tensors', spin zero gravitational waves in such a canonical scalar driven universe are directly sensitive to both the Dark Energy equation of state and the eccentricity of the binary's orbit.
Research on the Design and Application of Anti-wind devices for Seismically Isolated Buildings
Authors: Lin Yejian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Specialized anti-wind devices were designed and applied to seismically isolated buildings to solve the problem that seismic isolation buildings in areas with high wind loads could not simultaneously meet the requirements of the seismic damping objectives and the wind bearing capacity calculation. Taking an actual project as an example, anti-wind devices are added to the seismic isolation interface, a finite element analysis model of the structure is established and a time-distance analysis calculation is performed, and a synergistic design is carried out for the seismic damping effect and wind-resistant calculation. The results of the study show that the addition of anti-wind devices to reduce the number of lead rubber bearings can simultaneously satisfy the expected seismic damping effect and wind bearing capacity requirements; Numerical analysis of static loading verifies the effectiveness of anti-wind devices; This anti-wind device can be popularized for use in seismically isolated buildings in areas with high wind loads.
Flow discharge coefficient of crest weirs with covered vegetation
Authors: Yan Zhou , Bai Ruidi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The flow data of mountainous rivers is very important in hydrological forecasting. Crest weirs with smooth surface have been widely used and studied, while there is little information on the weir covered with vegetation. In this experiment, the flow coefficient reduction are systematically investigated by different density flexible artificial vegetation, in addition to the changes of discharge, crest length and height. The equivalent roughness height of vegetation on the weir was calculated. It was found that the flow coefficient with vegetation is smaller than smooth crest. According to the ratio of upstream water head to the length of vegetation weir crest, the experimental flow can be divided into broad-crested weir flow rate of H/L < 0.4 and narrow-crested weir flow rate of H/L > 0.4. The flow coefficient reduction rate of both types of weir flow rates varies to a certain extent. Experimental data showed that the crest weir height H/P played a different law for the broad-crested weir and narrow-crested weir. Taking into account the influence of vegetation, crest length and height, empirical formula for flow coefficient was proposed for flow estimation correction.