bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The birthplace cultural tightness of provincial party secretaries and innovation in their jurisdictions: Empirical evidence from 31 provinces in China
Authors: Shi Ye , Fan Xiaomin , Han Mary 
Published: February 2024

While the Chinese government has played an important role in China’s tremendous progress in innovation, and provincial party secretaries serve as the main body of regional management, less is known about how the key characteristics of these key leaders play a role in promoting innovation development. From the perspective of cultural tightness, we use patent data for 31 Chinese provinces from 2000 to 2019 to explore the impact of cultural tightness of provincial party secretaries’ birthplaces in influencing innovation in their jurisdictions. Drawing on upper echelons theory and imprinting theory, we find that party secretaries born in provinces with higher cultural tightness promote innovation more in their jurisdictions, but this effect is prominent only for incremental innovation, not for radical innovation. The potential underlying mechanism is that party secretaries with high birthplace cultural tightness (BCT) tend to invest more in infrastructure construction and thus enhance incremental innovation. In addition, the positive relationship between BCT of provincial party secretaries and the innovation in their jurisdictions is weaker when the jurisdiction is more market-oriented but becomes stronger as the tenure of the provincial party secretary increases. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications of these findings are discussed. JEL Classification: M0, M2
Cytokine and soluble programmed death-ligand 1 levels in serum and plasma of cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: Preanalytical and analytical considerations
Authors: Cappelletto Elia , Fasiolo Laura Tiozzo , Salizzato Valentina , Piccin Luisa , Fabozzi Alessio , Contato Anna , Bianco Paola Del , Pasello Giulia , Chiarion-Sileni Vanna , Gion Massimo , Fabricio Aline S. C. 
Published: February 2024

Aim To evaluate cytokine and soluble programmed death ligand-1 (sPD-L1) levels in the serum and plasma of cancer patients treated with immunotherapy, and to test different assays. Methods Three Luminex xMAP assays and two ELLA microfluidic cartridges were used to screen 28 immune-related biomarkers in 38 paired serum and citrate-theophylline-adenosine-dipyridamole (CTAD) plasma samples collected from 10 advanced melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients at different time points during immunotherapy. Results Twenty-three of 28 biomarkers were detected both in serum and plasma by at least one of the assays, including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, VEGF, IP-10, MCP-1, eotaxin, fractalkine, G-CSF, IFN-α, IL-1RA, IL-13, IL-17A, MIP-1β and sPD-L1. Conversely, FGF-2 and IL-1α were not detected in both matrices; GRO-α factor and EGF were detected only in serum and MIP-1α only in plasma. sPD-L1, MCP-1, IFN-γ, IL-8, MIP-1β and VEGF were, respectively, 1.15-, 1.44-, 1.83-, 2.43-, 2.82-, 6.72-fold higher in serum, whereas IL-10, IL-4, IL-2 and IL-5 were 1.05-, 1.19-, 1.92- and 2.17-fold higher, respectively, in plasma. IP-10 levels were higher in plasma but, as well as for VEGF, the bias serum versus plasma varied depending on the assay used (IP-10: −5.7% to −145%; VEGF: 115% to 165%). No significant differences were found for the remaining nine analyzed cytokines. Conclusion The cytokine and sPD-L1 levels may differ between serum and plasma samples collected from cancer patients treated with immunotherapy, and the results obtained can be influenced by the different characteristics of the tested assays. The standardization of pre-analytical and analytical procedures is therefore needed for the future implementation of these circulating biomarkers in clinical practice.
Effect of compatibilizer and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of polyamide6/poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) composites
Authors: Maghamirad Gholamreza , Ghorbanzadeh Ahangari Morteza , Karimi Majid , Hassani Niaki Mostafa 
Published: February 2024

The mechanical properties and morphology of polyamide 6/maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (PA6/EVA-g-MA) ternary composites are considered a function of compatibilizer (EVA-g-MA) amount at a mixing combination of 20 wt% dispersed phase (combination of EVA and the compatibilizer). 1–7 wt% compatibilizer are added to PA6/EVA-g-MA, whereas the PA6 doping is kept constant at 80 wt% in the ternary composites. Furthermore, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt% octa-Isobutyl POSS (OIP) is used for reinforcement. The thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of PA6/EVA-g-MA composites have been studied through DSC, TGA, DMTA, traditional mechanical measurements, and SEM. Tensile strength and Young’s modulus declined by increasing the compatibilizer concentration. The impact strength of PA6/compatibilizer improved considerably up to 3 wt% of the compatibilizer and then decreased. TGA analysis demonstrated a considerable improvement in the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites by raising the OIP amount. The results of DMTA, including Tg, and DSC analysis demonstrated that the inclusion of OIP in PA6/compatibilizer considerably changed the thermal properties of only PA6 in PA6/compatibilizer. Incorporating OIP into the composite up to 1 wt% improved its modulus, tensile, and impact strength.
High School Students’ Motivation to Learn Climate Change Science through Educational Computer Games
Authors: Besalti Metin , Smith Glenn Gordon 
Published: February 2024

Background Teaching climate change is difficult. Its complexity spans many subjects, often taught disjointedly. Many climate change effects are not immediately observable, making it hard for students to connect to it personally. Aim This study investigates how we can spark high school students’ interest in learning about climate change using educational computer games. Method We adopted a qualitative case research design to understand how games boost students’ drive and their role in motivating them. We selected a high school teacher and her eight students as our subjects, interviewing them in person. We analyzed their responses were using Keller’s ARCS Theory of Motivation Model and blending deductive and inductive methods. Results The findings were encouraging: games positively impacted students’ interest in climate change. They transformed the learning atmosphere into a concentrated, captivating space where the content was seen as tough yet enjoyable. Moreover, the games helped students make real-world connections, enhancing their understanding and appreciation of the topic. Conclusion Educational games are a powerful tool in motivating students to learn about climate change science. Hence, educators should be ready to harness the games’ power to create immersive, fun, and stimulating learning environments.
Tunable acoustic metamaterial for broadband low-frequency sound absorption by continuous acoustic impedance manipulation
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Yu Chenlei , Xin Fengxian 
Published: February 2024

In this paper, a continuously tunable acoustic metamaterial is proposed for broadband low-frequency sound absorption. The metamaterial can be considered as a reconfigurable Helmholtz resonator with an upper perforated panel that can be continuously rotated to adjust the neck length. A theoretical model is developed to study the tunable sound absorption performance of the metamaterial, which demonstrates that it exhibits efficient low-frequency sound absorption ([Formula: see text]) in the frequency range (from 186 Hz to 319 Hz). Furthermore, perfect sound absorption ([Formula: see text]) is achieved at 197 Hz with a deep subwavelength thickness ([Formula: see text]). To validate this model, numerical simulations and experimental measurements are performed, and the physical mechanism of tunable sound absorption is explored. Results show that the acoustic impedance manipulation is realized by rotating the perforated panel to tune the acoustic mass of the Helmholtz resonator, which is the key to the continuous tunability of the proposed metamaterial. Based on the continuous tunability of each metamaterial unit, a tunable broadband sound absorber is designed to achieve a variety of broadband sound absorption performance with a single fabricated structure. This work paves the way for the manual realization of flexible tunability of sound absorbers and helps to achieve tunable absorption of complex noise according to variable acoustic application scenarios.
Successful switch to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in a patient with lung cancer who developed a carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reaction
Authors: Nagata Yuko , Toyokawa Gouji , Sugiyama Akiko , Shimamatsu Shinichiro , Saitoh Ohki , Okubo Hiroshi , Ueda Hitoshi 
Published: February 2024

Introduction Platinum-based chemotherapy is the mainstay of first-line therapy for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although carboplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) commonly occur following multiple cycles of therapy, they are rarely observed during the first cycle of the treatment. Case report Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old man with advanced-stage NSCLC who developed HSR possibly caused by carboplatin during the first cycle of induction with platinum-doublet chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab. The patient presented with bronchial obstruction due to a centrally located tumor. No driver mutations were detected, and the programmed death-ligand 1 expression ranged from 1% to 24%. Consequently, the patient was treated with pembrolizumab combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel. However, immediately after the start of carboplatin, the blood pressure and oxygen levels of the patient dropped and he began exhibiting an altered level of consciousness. These findings indicated carboplatin-induced anaphylaxis. Hypotension and oxygen desaturation improved following carboplatin discontinuation and normal saline administration. Management and outcome The basophil activation test for both carboplatin and cisplatin was negative. Thus, the risk of anaphylaxis owing to both drugs was ruled out, and carboplatin was believed to have induced grade 3 HSR. Subsequently, carboplatin-based chemotherapy was switched to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. HSR was not observed during the four treatment cycles with pembrolizumab, cisplatin, and pemetrexed, and best response was partial response. Discussion Cisplatin-based chemotherapy could be used as an alternate treatment in patients with NSCLC who develop severe carboplatin-induced HSR.
Assessment of potential drug–drug interactions in hospitalized cancer patients
Authors: Ratan Chameli , Rajeev Mekha , Krishnan Karthik , Jayamohanan Hridya , Kartha Niveditha , Vijayan Meenu , Pavithran Keechilat 
Published: February 2024

Introduction Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) pose a significant threat to patients with cancer, resulting in several adverse events in an oncology setting. Our study aims to identify potential DDIs in inpatient oncology wards, assess their severity, and provide recommendations to avoid these interactions. Materials and methods This prospective study was conducted in 79 hospitalized cancer patients over a period of 9 months (from August 2021 to May 2022) at the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi receiving at least two oncological or non-oncological drugs for 5 days. Results Significant differences were found in drug count (61.6% vs. 38.4%), hospitalization duration (63.1% vs. 36.9%), and medications for comorbidities (63% vs. 37%) between patients with and without DDIs (p < 0.001, <0.001, and 0.01, respectively). The study identified 321 DDIs, with 14 (4.4%) X interactions, 93 (30%) D interactions, 161 (50%) C interactions, and 53 (15.6%) B interactions. Severity-wise, 76 (23.7%) were major, 190 (59.1%) were moderate, and 55 (17.2%) were minor. Conclusion Our study showed that drug count, medications for comorbidities, and hospitalization duration significantly increase the risk of DDIs in hospitalized oncology patients. Around 96.4% of recommendations for potential interactions were accepted and implemented, highlighting the huge opportunities and requirements for improvement, implementation, and management of drug interactions in oncology settings.
The impact of social distancing measures on anti–JC virus serostatus changes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in US patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Krieger Stephen C , Sinks Susie , Huang Furong , Steverson Julie , Kalina Tamar J , White Kurt , Avila Robin L 
Published: February 2024

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic offered an epidemiological opportunity to evaluate if isolation and masking affected John Cunningham (JC) virus transmission. Objective: This study aimed to assess the proportion of natalizumab-treated patients who converted to a positive anti-JCV antibody serostatus before and during the pandemic. Methods: Data from TYSABRI Outreach: Unified Commitment to Health (TOUCH) for 22,375 US patients treated with natalizumab with anti-JCV antibody records were assessed in epochs annually from 2017 to 2022. Results: Pre-pandemic anti-JCV antibody serostatus change was observed for 7.4%–7.7%. During the first and second years of the pandemic, 7.3% and 7.2% of patients’ serostatus changed, respectively. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with anti-JCV antibody serostatus change did not significantly differ during the first 2 years of the pandemic compared with prior years. In contrast to seasonal influenza, masking and social distancing had no discernable effect on JCV serostatus change.
Acquiring differential object marking in heritage Spanish: Late childhood to adulthood
Authors: Thane Patrick D. 
Published: February 2024

Aims/objectives/purpose/research questions: The present study evaluated child and adult heritage speakers’ (HSs) productive and receptive knowledge of differential object marking (DOM) and addressed the roles of age, proficiency, and frequency of use in explaining variability. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 127 participants completed a sentence completion task (SCT) and a morphology selection task (MST) targeting DOM with animate and specific direct objects. Fifth grade, seventh/eighth grade, and adult HS groups participated alongside a group of Spanish-dominant bilingual adults. Data and analysis: All responses were coded for DOM and submitted to binomial logistic regressions, which included effects for group, task, proficiency, and frequency of use of Spanish. Findings and conclusions: HSs’ DOM production and selection increased across age groups. Proficiency modulated differences between HSs of all ages and participants were more likely to select DOM than to produce it, particularly if they used Spanish less frequently. All HSs produced and selected DOM at least one time, but many differed from Spanish-dominant bilingual adults. Originality: This study is the first to plot the course of development across late childhood and into adulthood in Spanish HSs that incorporates both a production task and a receptive measure to explore HSs’ holistic linguistic systems. Significance/implications: These findings show that there are factors that can account for variability in the production and selection of DOM at the group, individual, and within-speaker levels. This has implications for theories of acquisition: gradient knowledge is inconsistent with incomplete acquisition of DOM, but the increase in knowledge across age groups does not support feature reassembly.
Experiences of Indonesian people with dementia and carers undertaking an online-delivered exercise program
Authors: Sari Yulisna Mutia , Hill Keith D. , Burton Elissa , Lee Den-Ching A. , Lalor Aislinn F. 
Published: February 2024

Participating in physical activity is beneficial for older people with dementia. Little is known however about the perceptions of people living with dementia undertaking an online-delivered exercise program. This study aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of older people with dementia and their carers in Indonesia participating in an online-delivered exercise program, and factors that may influence acceptability to the program. An exploratory qualitative study design using semi-structured interviews was used. Data were recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated into English, and analyzed thematically. Twelve participants with dementia (mean age = 63.3 years) and 30 carers (26 family carers and 4 paid carers) (mean age = 37.9 years) were interviewed separately. Seven themes were identified: (i) Motivating factors to participate; (ii) Benefits for people with dementia; (iii) Impacts on carers; (iv) Challenges and enablers to exercising; (v) Carers’ strategies for exercise engagement; (vi) Roles, relationships and supports; and (vii) Participants’ receptiveness to online delivery of the exercise program. This study illustrated that an online-delivered exercise program was acceptable for people with dementia and their carers in Indonesia and reinforced the importance of carers’ support for the exercise program. These findings can help physiotherapists and other exercise practitioners in considering the aspects of delivery that people with dementia and their carers value in participating in online-delivered exercise programs.
Hybrid (Digital/Water Seal) Chest Drainage System – An Innovative Device for Patients with Anticipated Air Leaks
Authors: Le Uyen-Thao , Hümmler Nicolas , Greiser Frank , Tullius-Modlmeier René , Benitz Marion , Passlick Bernward 
Published: February 2024

Background To date, several chest drainage systems are available, such as digital drainage systems (DDS) and traditional systems with continuous suction or water seal. However, none of these systems were yet shown to be favorable in the treatment of complex situations such as persistent air leaks or residual spaces. We present in-vitro as well as clinical data of a novel hybrid drainage system consisting of an optimized digital drainage system (ODDS) and an underwater seal drainage system (UWSD). Methods For in-vitro analysis, a DDS and an ODDS were connected to a pleural cavity simulator. Different air leaks were produced and data on intrapleural pressure and air flow were analyzed. Furthermore, we tested the hybrid drainage system in 10 patients with potential air leaks after pulmonary surgery. Results In in-vitro analysis, we could show, that with advanced pump technology, pressure fluctuations caused by the drainage system when trying to maintain a set pressure level in patients with airleaks were much smaller when using an ODDS and could even be eliminated when using a fluid collection canister with sufficient buffer capacity. This minimized air leak boosts caused by the drainage system. Optimizing the auto-pressure regulation algorithms also led to a reduced airflow through the fistula and promoted rest. Switching to a passive UWSD also reduced the amount of airflow. Clinical application of the hybrid drainage system yielded promising results. Conclusion The novel hybrid drainage system shows promising results in the treatment of patients with complex clinical situations such as persistent air leaks.
Biomechanical Stability of Diaphyseal Ulnar Shaft Fractures and Ulnar Shortening Osteotomies After Fixation
Authors: Dittman Lauren E. , Hinchcliff Katharine M. , Hooke Alexander W. , Kakar Sanjeev 
Published: February 2024

Background: To determine the amount of micromotion during forearm rotation after diaphyseal ulnar shaft fracture or osteotomy. Methods: This was a biomechanical study using 7 paired-matched cadavers. The upper extremity was mounted in a custom rig and the forearm brought through full pronation and supination. A Hall effect sensor was placed at the fracture ends to measure micromotion for all tested conditions. There were 4 conditions tested: (1) intact ulnar shaft with plate to act as a control; (2) transverse fracture/osteotomy without stabilization; (3) fracture/osteotomy with cortical apposition stabilized with plate fixation; and (4) 50% comminuted fracture stabilized with plate. Results: There was a significantly greater amount of fracture site motion in the fracture/osteotomy model without stabilization compared with all other tested conditions ( P < .001, .0001, .0003, respectively). The fracture/osteotomy site with cortical apposition and the comminuted fracture models showed no statistically significant differences in the amount of micromotion compared with each another ( P = .952) or compared with the intact ulnar shaft ( P = .997, .889, respectively). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the amount of motion between an intact ulnar shaft, an ulnar shaft fracture with cortical apposition stabilized with a plate, and a plated comminuted fracture. These findings may help surgeons decide on their type of postoperative immobilization in the setting of isolated ulnar shaft fractures or ulnar shaft osteotomies stabilized with plate fixation.
Secondary School Athletic Trainers’ Perceptions of How Youth Sport Specialization Impacts Workload
Authors: Bell David R. , Renner Madison N. , Hernandez Mayrena I. , Biese Kevin M. , Adler Stephanie , Srygler Emily 
Published: February 2024

Background: Youth sport specialization is a growing trend in youth sports and is associated with an increased risk of injuries and burnout. However, it is unknown how sport specialization is perceived to be affecting the working environment of secondary school athletic trainers (ATs). The purpose of this paper is to describe how ATs perceive youth sport specialization impacting their workload and whether they perceive it to impact patient safety. Hypothesis: ATs will perceive that youth sport specialization impacts their workload and could impact patient safety. Study Design: A sequential, explanatory mixed methods design with 2 phases: (1) cross-sectional surveys and (2) individual interviews. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 487 secondary school ATs completed the online survey (access rate, 8.4%; completion rate, 85.4%). The survey consisted of Likert questions and included sections about aspects of workload impacted by specialization, impacts on patient safety, demographics. Ten participants were selected to complete a semi-structured interview via video conference. Results: Approximately two-thirds of ATs perceive that sport specialization impacts their workload. (Somewhat, 38.6%; Quite a bit, 25.5%; A great deal, 5.5%) Attempts to reduce or modify patient activity and a patient’s time for rehabilitation were the highest rated aspects of workload impacted by sport specialization. Approximately 30% ATs (29.9%) perceive that sport specialization impacts their workload to where it may influence patient safety (Somewhat, 21.6%; Quite a bit, 6.4%; A great deal, 1.9%). Three themes and subsequent subthemes were identified from the qualitative interviews: (1) current youth sport expectations, (2) conflict between school and club sports, and (3) AT job impacts. Conclusion: Secondary school ATs perceive their workload to be negatively impacted by youth sport specialization and some believe it may impact patient safety. Clinical Relevance: Youth sport specialization is impacting youth sport stakeholders, including ATs, in a variety of ways.