bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for lymphedema of the breast
Authors: Huang Gong‐Kang , Hu Ru‐Qi , Liu Zong‐Zhao 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOn the basis of microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating lymphedema of the extremities, the authors developed a microlymphaticovenous procedure to treat congenital lymphedema of the breast and applied it clinically in two patients. The immediate results have been fairly good. The breast and its nipple had been reduced in size and to a nearly normal level. The results are maintained after a half year of follow‐up. The fundamentals and techniques of the operation are described and the two case histories are reported. The cases presented here appear to be the first successful clinical attempts to treat lymphedema of the breast by microlymphaticovenous anastomosis. The clinical character of congenital lymphedema, the indication of the microlymphaticovenous anastomosis, and the factors required for success of microlymphatic surgery are discussed.
Microlymphaticovenous anastomosis for treating scrotal elephantiasis
Authors: Huang Gong‐Kang , Hu Ru‐Qi , Liu Zong‐Zhao , Pan Gong‐Ping 
Published: March 2007

AbstractScrotal elephantiasis can be physically disabling and physchologically distressing to the victim. Ablative procedure has been used in its treatment and has achieved limited success. The authors developed a microlymphaticovenous procedure to treat elephantiasis of the scrotum and applied it clinically in three patients. The immediate and long‐term (13–24 months) results have been very satisfactory. The scrotum size was dramatically reduced to a nearly normal level, and subjective symptoms and objective signs were improved. The operative techniques are described, the three case histories are illustrated, and the advantages of microlymphaticovenous anastomosis, the selection of patients, and the factors required for success of the surgery are discussed.
Microvascular repair following local crush and avulsion vascular injury
Authors: Cooley Brian C. , Hansen Frederik C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA model has been developed demonstrating intimal damage resulting from a combined crush and avulsion injury to the femoral artery of the rat. Revascularization after traumatization is accomplished with microvascular nastomosis of the severed ends. Vascular patency rates at 2 and 7 days postoperatively are low (0–25%) in comparison with control groups (90–100%). A high correlation is found between patency tests performed at 20 minutes and at 2 days after blood flow re‐establishment. Systemically administered heparin improves traumatized‐vessel patency dramatically.
Application of Kunlin's technique in vascular micro‐anastomosis: Experimental and clinical study
Authors: Fossati Enrique , Asurey Néstor , Irigaray Alberto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVascular microanastomosis of vessels that presents marked discrepancy in size can be performed without difficulty by making a longitudinal incision of the end of the smallest vessel, forming a kind of „spatula,”︁ and joined to the vessel of greater diameter.
History of (MICRO) vascular surgery and the development of small‐caliber blood vessel prostheses (with some notes on patency rates and re‐endothelialization)
Authors: Hess Frits 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe historical development of vascular surgery is reviewed from ancient times (Ruphus of Ephesus, Aëtius of Amida) to recent developments (sutured anastomosis by Carrel). Attempts to anastomose blood vessels by means of nonsuturing technique, using a ring or short tube of diverse materials called prostheses, were undertaken at the start of this century and continued until shortly after World War II. With the advent of modern polymeric materials, prostheses of different types, sizes, structures, and fabrics have been used to substitute for blood vessels, both experimentally and clinically. Recently, blood vessel prostheses with small (1–1.5 mm) internal diameters became available and have been implanted experimentally. Patency rates, biophysical and structural properties, the re‐endothelialization and the neointima formation of several types of microvascular prostheses are briefly reviewed.
A hemodynamic evaluation of cuffed microarteriorrhaphy
Authors: Bell Lawrence D. , Blair William F. , Pedersen Douglas R. , Gabel Ronald H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA cuffing technique and a standard interrupted suturing technique of microarteriorrhaphy were compared in the rat femoral artery. The comparison was based on hemodynamic variables, which were measured by 20‐MHz pulsed ultrasound Doppler velocity meter (PUDVM) method. The hemodynamic variables included measured blood velocity and vessel lumen diameters, and calculated volumetric flows. Measurements were completed at 5‐, 10‐, and 20‐minute intervals after vessel repair. Data from 26 experimental animals were suitable for analysis, with 15 animals in the standard repair group and 11 animals in the cuffed group. All variables were statistically similar prior to the surgical procedure, indicating that the study groups were appropriate for comparison. The measured lumen diameters were not statistically different at any time interval (P = .06). However, the velocities and the volumetric flow were statistically different (P < .05) between groups at all time intervals. These values returned toward normal preoperative values over time. The cuffing technique used in this study was not as efficacious as the standard technique of microarteriorrhaphy, when evaluated by 20‐MHz PUDVM‐derived hemodynamic criteria.
Microarteriorrhaphy: Blood flow after wound healing
Authors: Blair William F. , Pedersen Douglas R. , Joos Karen , Green E. R. , Bondi David 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe present study tests the hypothesis that early wound healing effects blood flow after experimental microarteriorrhaphy. Hemodynamic variables were measured in the rat femoral artery prior to and 3 weeks after both interrupted and continuous microarteriorrhaphy techniques. The hemodynamic variables (blood velocities, lumen geometry, and calculated blood flow) were measured by 20‐MHz pulsed ultrasonic Doppler velocity meter (PUDVM) methods. The control values (N = 22) and the 3 weeks postoperative values, for both the interrupted (N = 11) and continuous groups (N = 11), were not statistically different (P > .01). The average calculated blood flows were as follows: control group 10.85 ± 1.45 cc/min, interrupted group 12.01 ± .92 cc/min, and continuous group 8.50 ± 1.45 cc/min. Three weeks of wound healing after microarteriorrhaphy did not significantly change blood flow variables compared to preoperative values.
A new method for venous interposition grafts using fibrin glue
Authors: Sugiura K. , Nakatsuchi Y. , Yagi R. , Sugimoto Y. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe developed a new technique of venous interposition graft where the principle of sleeve anastomosis was applied at the proximal suture site and fibrin glue was used at both suture sites to prevent leakage. An advantage of this procedure was a reduction in the number of stitches, which reduced operative time and obtained good vascular healing. Since in an animal experiment a high patency rate of 97% was obtained, we applied the procedure to a clinical case with complete amputation at the PIP joint level of a long finger. Good recirculation was seen on angiography 6 weeks postoperatively.
New disposable microvascular clamp
Authors: Smahel Jiri , Laszczower Max 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new design for a plastic microvascular clamp is described. The clamp consists of two flat blades, with eyes permitting application and removal of the clamp with cross‐forceps. Closure is effected by the elasticity of a rubber ring placed around the blades, obviating the need for an articular joint or a spring mechanism. The new design simplifies production of the clamp, which is intended to be disposable, i.e., for once‐only use.
A new technique for anastomosing veins to small‐caliber arteries
Authors: Orbay Toygun , Imhof Hans Georg 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique of arteriovenous anastomosis is presented which lessens the complication of intravascular turbulence and thrombosis seen with elongated and narrow anastomotic segments. The axillary artery and jugular vein were anastomosed in 10 ZBZ‐Cara rats using microsurgical techniques. The jugular vein was prepared as a tubular structure facilitating two end‐toend anastomoses rather than the customary end‐to‐side technique. Angiographic patency was demonstrated at 3 weeks in 10/10 rats. Two of ten anastomotic segments were considered quite narrow; however, angiographic demonstration of flow was excellent.
A new experimental model for microanastomosis between vessels of different diameter
Authors: de Carolis Vicente , Sepulveda Sergio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new model for microvascular anastomosis between vessels of different diameter is described in the aorto‐iliac region of the rat. The model consists of reversing the distal end of one iliac artery toward the aorta to perform an end‐to‐end or end‐to‐side microanastomosis, with 2:1 diameter ratio. The technique and the advantages of this model are presented and discussed.
Three years experience with experimental implantation of fibrous polyurethane microvascular prostheses in the rat aorta
Authors: Hess F. , Jerusalem C. , Braun B. , Grande P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe results of a 3‐year study in which a series of 355 implantations of 1‐cm‐long fibrous polyurethane microvascular prostheses into the infrarenal aorta of the rat (group A) were evaluated with respect to patency and formation, structure, and fate of the neo‐intima. Rats were sacrificed at various intervals from 1 day to 2 years in order to obtain a time‐related impression of the reendothelialization and stability of the neo‐intima. A second series of 51 implants was done with prostheses 10 cm in length, placed in a 1.5‐cm loop in the abdominal aorta (group B). An overall patency rate of 92.7% was achieved in group A. Initially, eight technical failures caused early thrombosis of the prostheses. Sixteen prostheses became infected and subsequently occluded. The overall patency in group B was 52.9%, due to kinking from adhesion formation and normal growth of the rat. In both the long and short prostheses, a continuous multilayered neo‐intima developed, growing from the aortic stumps into the prosthesis from both sides. According to the growth rate of 0.3 mm/day, a 1‐cm prosthesis was reendothelialized after ± 20 days and a 10‐cm prosthesis after ± 9 months. Once developed, the neo‐intima, consisting of myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells covered with a flat endothelium, remained stable and continuous, throughout the observation period. The neo‐intima was firmly anchored onto the prosthetic wall by means of cellular protrusions extending between the polyurethane fibres. The significance of rapid healing of an implanted prosthesis is emphasized with respect to preventing (late) hematogenous, endogenous infection of the prosthesis. It is concluded that in this type of fibrous polyurethane prosthesis, a new lining is rapidly developed and will remain stable and permanent for a long period of time. Further investigations, using other species, are strongly recommended, with a goal of clinical application of this type of prosthesis.
Techniques for perfusion and storage of heterotopic heart transplants in mice
Authors: Blanchard Jacqueline M. , Pollak Raymond 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOrgan pretreatment prior to transplantation has assumed increasing importance. We studied the ability to preserve and perfuse hearts in well defined genetic mouse models, prior to heterotopic engraftment. Hearts were manually perfused through the aortic root and stored in a variety of cold solutions or were perfused using a continuous perfusion pump. Different electrolyte solutions, mouse strains, perfusion, and storage times as well as perfusion volumes were studied. Treated hearts were then transplanted heterotopically and short‐ and long‐term function assessed. Hearts stored for more than 1 hour in cold solutions (saline 0.9%, or lactated Ringer's) failed to function. Hearts perfused with 0.25–0.4 ml of cold solution for a maximum of 30 minutes functioned well after transplantation. C3H (H‐2k) mice provided the most resilient hearts. We conclude that short‐term perfusion or storage of mouse hearts is feasible and should provide an excellent model for the study of organ pretreatment with monoclonal antibodies or other agents prior to transplantation.
Single‐stage hypospadias repair using the operating microscope
Authors: Wesson Lynn , Mandell James 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBecause of the continuing trend toward earlier repair of hypospadias, improved visualization of tissues is important. We have reviewed 33 consecutive hypospadias repairs performed using the operating microscope. Complications included three strictures (9.1%) and five fistulae (15.1%). The microscope proved most useful in resident teaching, allowing both surgeon and assistant to visualize optimally the tissues.
Problems in nerve lesions surgery
Authors: Brunelli G. , Monini L. , Brunelli F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn overview of the concepts on peripheral nerve regeneration and of research on the progress in this field is carried out. Problems of regeneration and factors influencing it, both improving and worsening it, are considered, especially with respect to the clinical treatment of nerve lesions. Classical techniques of repair (sutures and grafts) as well as very new methods (e.g., direct muscular neurotisation) are discussed. Postoperative treatment and result evaluation are presented.
Histopathology of microvenous repair
Authors: Morecraft Robert , Blair William F. , Chang Laurette 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe histopathology of microvascular repair was investigated in the femoral vein of the rat. Previous microvascular repair studies have primarily involved arteries, giving little insight to similar processes in veins. In our study, 36 rats with an average weight of 440 gm were randomly assigned to experimental groups of 1 hour, 24 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after repair. Histological evaluation of the suture site included the use of light, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy. Endothelial loss was observed in all 1‐hour specimens. Extensive inflammatory response appeared in 2‐hour specimens. Re‐endotheliolization of the intima was achieved in all animals by the 2‐week time interval. At 4 weeks, the animals exhibited evidence of medial regeneration of smooth muscle cells. This was predominantly occurring between adjacent suture sites. Minimal subintimal hyperplasia was localized at the suture site itself in both 2‐ and 4‐week specimens.
Comparison of bursting strength between suture‐ and laser‐anastomosed vessels
Authors: Quigley Matthew R. , Bailes Julian E. , Kwaan Hau C. , Cerullo Leonard J. , Brown J. Thomas , Fitzsimmons John 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe bursting strength of suture‐ and laser‐assisted vascular anastomosis (LAVA) was assessed using a standard rat femoral artery model. Vessels were studied from 1 hour to 3 weeks. LAVA arteries consistently demonstrated lower bursting strengths than those of suture controls, with significant differences at 1 day, 3 days (P < 0.001), and 1 weeks (P < 0.01). Return of strength occurred in a pattern reminiscent of wound‐healing models. Relatively low bursting strengths at 1 and 3 days in the LAVA cohort may explain the high aneurysm rate reported to complicate this procedure.
Laser doppler flowmeter measurements of skin perfusion changes associated with arterial and venous compromise in the cutaneous island flap
Authors: Fischer Joseph C. , Parker Paul M. , Shaw William W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLaser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is a noninvasive, continuous measure of tissue surface microcirculatory red blood cell (RBC) flux. LDF was calibrated against varying RBC volume fractions and flow rates using extracorporeal perfusion of saphenous island flaps of dogs. The RBC flux was found to be linear with LDF signal. The difference in vascular geometry of the skin appeared to play a minor role in generating the LDF signal compared to changes in the RBC flux. In vivo experiments of varying arterial perfusion pressure, flap venous pressure, and total blood flow of the cutaneous island flap had a linear relationship with LDF signal.
Dual‐ended, multifunction tools for microsurgery
Authors: Hariri Robert J. , Goldstein Marc 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new concept in microsurgical instrumentation is herein described and the rationale for its design presented in the context of surgical efficiency. This new concept employs bipolarity or dual‐endedness as a means to enable the microsurgeon to have access to various instruments without the need to exchange tools. The elimination of instrument exchange has increased the speed with which a microsurgeon can perform a variety of procedures as well as decrease fatigue associated with continuous visual reaccommodation between the microscope and surrounding operating room. Following considerable modification through several prototypical stages and long periods of laboratory testing, these instruments boast ideal balance in the hands of the surgeon, and the capacity for modification by the user, allowing a variety of instrument combinations. Hence, personal preference can dictate the ultimate tool configuration, thereby allowing customization of the instruments to the procedure as well as the surgeon, by virtue of an interlocking mechanism between instrument components. The resulting economy of movement and reduced instrument handling engendered by the use of these instruments reduces operating time and often eliminates the need for a highly trained surgical assistant. These instruments can be fitted with a removable extension allowing unipolar use or extended instrument length. Simplicity of design makes these instruments conducive to standard cleaning and sterilization procedures.
Effect of different irrigating solutions on the endothelium of small arteries: Experimental study in rats
Authors: Mazer Nilton , Barbieri Cláudio Henrique , Gonçalves Renato Pinto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effects of four different irrigating solutions (normal saline, Ringer's solution, renal transplantation solution, and C solution) on the endothelium of small arteries were studied, with the femoral artery of rats being used as an experimental model. Perfusion was carried out for 30 minutes in all groups and the influence of exposition and clamping alone was also studied for control, the animals being killed 48 hours, and 1, 2, and 4 weeks postoperatively, depending on the subgroup. A total of 116 rats was operated upon. Morphological studies included light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Increasing degrees of lesion, namely cytoplasmic alterations in the endothelial cells, focal discontinuity of the endothelium, various degrees of subendothelial edema, blood cell aggregation, and blood clotting, were observed consecutively with normal saline, Ringer's, renal transplantation unit (RTU), and C solutions. Normal saline and C solutions were concluded to have the least and the most deleterious effects, respectively.
Microsurgical reconstruction of the biliary duct: Experimental study in rats and dogs
Authors: Lamesch Alfred J. , Dociu Nicolae 
Published: March 2007

AbstractSurgery of the biliary ducts remains a problem in traumatologic and iatrogenic injuries as well as in liver transplantation. The purpose of this study was to perfect microsurgical technique of anastomosis of the common bile duct and to study the healing and tissue reaction at the anastomotic site. The healing of microsurgical closure of longitudinal choledochotomies was studied as well. Light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic examination were performed at different intervals after operation. The permeability of the anastomosis was studied by transduodenal retrograde choledochography. Reepithelialization was obtained in 2 weeks. Microsurgery offers an interesting perspective to reconstructive biliary and transplantation surgery.
Microsurgical lumbar discectomy: A personal series of 300 patients with at least 1 year of follow‐up
Authors: Sachdev Ved P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA personal series of 300 cases of lumbar disc disease treated by microsurgical lumbar discectomy is presented. Follow‐up is available in all cases. Good to excellent results are reported in 94% of the patients. Six patients (2%) have needed repeat surgery at the same level, all with good results. One of these six patients has had third‐time exploration at the same level. There has been no mortality; one patient had a superficial wound infection, two suffered from minor pulmonary embolii, and one patient had an MI in the postoperative period. Surgical technique as used by the author is discussed.
The use of laser in microsurgical oncology
Authors: Bandieramonte Gaetano , Chiesa Fausto , Lupi Marco , Pietro Sergio Di 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCO2 laser resection by freehand or microscopic technique versus laser vaporization were compared in a series of 136 consecutive surgical operations. Forty‐nine lesions of the vulva, 61 of the oral cavity, and 19 of the penis were classified as dysplastic, in situ, or initially invasive lesions, ranging from 0.9 to 4.5 cm of maximum extension in width and from 0.4 to 4 mm in thickness (exophytic lesions). Twenty‐two lesions were vaporized, whereas 114 were resected.An average of 12% discordance was found between pre‐ and postoperative histologic diagnosis among the resected group, thus indicating that the laser vaporization procedure is unsuitable for those lesions because it does not offer the entire surgical specimen. More constant depth of tissue removal, reduction of operating time, and safer use were also recognized as further advantages of the excisional technique.Resection under microscopic magnification (6 to 40 x) with the aid of the micromanipulation of the beam was used in 91 of the 114 resected lesions. This led to the optimal intraoperative resolution of the lesion borders, minimized the tissue burning effects because of the direction of the incision orthogonal to the tissue surface, and provided an 81% satisfactory histologic report of radicality, whereas the freehand‐resected group reached only 40%.In conclusion, the maximum obtainable surgical precision can be achieved for the studied lesions with proper spot, focal length, and power density of the laser beam delivered through microscopic instrumentation.
Reversibility of graft rejection following a short cyclosporin‐a administration 5 days after grafting
Authors: Mazzoni Giuseppe , Mazzoni Pietro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate whether cyclosporin‐A (Cy‐A) could exert its action on graft rejection in progress. For this purpose, heartlung grafting was performed in a strong hystoincompatible combination of rats (BN/LEW). In one group of animals, Cy‐A was administered at the dose of 15 mg/kg daily for 10 days starting on the 5th day after grafting. In a control group only olive oil was administered. Five of six animals treated with Cy‐A showed a graft survival over 4 weeks and in two cases it was over 2 months when they were killed.
“New” microvascular clamps for thoracic surgery in the rat
Authors: Marck Klaas W. , Prop Jochum , Wildevuur Charles R. H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe development of “new” microvascular clamps for lung transplantation in the rat was necessary because the generally used microclamps were found to be not feasible in preliminary experiments.A mosquito clamp modified in a Satinsky‐like manner made lung transplantation in the rat possible. However, most suitable was the smallest Blalock pulmonary clamp with some modifications. This clamp has been used in over 500 left lung transplantations in the rat now, and is no longer subject to further innovations. This report shows that relatively large instruments can be appropriate microvascular clamps.