bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature similarity gradients detect alterations in the neonatal cortex associated with preterm birth
Authors: Galdi Paola , Cabez Manuel Blesa , Farrugia Christine , Vaher Kadi , Williams Logan Z. J. , Sullivan Gemma , Stoye David Q. , Quigley Alan J. , Makropoulos Antonios , Thrippleton Michael J. , Bastin Mark E. , Richardson Hilary , Whalley Heather , Edwards A. David , Bajada Claude J. , Robinson Emma C. , Boardman James P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe early life environment programmes cortical architecture and cognition across the life course. A measure of cortical organisation that integrates information from multimodal MRI and is unbound by arbitrary parcellations has proven elusive, which hampers efforts to uncover the perinatal origins of cortical health. Here, we use the Vogt‐Bailey index to provide a fine‐grained description of regional homogeneities and sharp variations in cortical microstructure based on feature gradients, and we investigate the impact of being born preterm on cortical development at term‐equivalent age. Compared with term‐born controls, preterm infants have a homogeneous microstructure in temporal and occipital lobes, and the medial parietal, cingulate, and frontal cortices, compared with term infants. These observations replicated across two independent datasets and were robust to differences that remain in the data after matching samples and alignment of processing and quality control strategies. We conclude that cortical microstructural architecture is altered in preterm infants in a spatially distributed rather than localised fashion.
Harmonizing regulatory market approval of products with high safety requirements: Evidence from the European pharmaceutical market
Authors: Grünwald Fabian , Stargardt Tom 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe causally analyzed whether being a member of the European Union (EU) and having access to a centralized marketing authorization procedure (centralized procedure [CP]) affects availability and time to launch of new pharmaceuticals. We employed multiple difference‐in‐differences models, exploiting the eastern enlargement of the EU as well as changes in the indications that fall within the compulsory or voluntary scope of the CP. Results showed that countries experienced a mean decrease in launch delay of 10.9 months (p = 0.004) after joining the EU. Effects were higher among pharmaceuticals that belong to indications that might voluntarily participate in the CP but are not obliged to. These are often financially less attractive to manufacturers than pharmaceuticals within the compulsory scope. Availability of new pharmaceuticals launched remained unaffected. We found signs that the magnitude of the country‐specific effect of centralized marketing authorization on launch delay may be influenced by strategic decisions of manufacturers at the national level (e.g., parallel trade or reference pricing).
Optimal self‐protection and health risk perceptions: Exploring connections between risk theory and the Health Belief Model
Authors: Augeraud‐Véron Emmanuelle , Leandri Marc 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this contribution to the longstanding risk theory debate on optimal self‐protection, we aim to enrich the microeconomic modeling of self‐protection, in the wake of Ehrlich and Becker (1972), by exploring the representation of risk perception at the core of the Health Belief Model (HBM), a conceptual framework extremely influential in Public Health studies (Janz and Becker, 1984). In our two‐period model, we highlight the crucial role of risk perception in the individual decision to adopt a preventive behavior toward a generic health risk. We discuss the optimal prevention effort engaged by an agent displaying either imperfect knowledge of the susceptibility (probability of occurrence) or the severity (magnitude of the loss) of a health hazard, or facing uncertainty on these risk components. We assess the impact of risk aversion and prudence on the optimal level of self‐protection, a critical issue in the risk and insurance economic literature, yet often overlooked in HBM studies. Our results pave the way for the design of efficient information instruments to improve health prevention when risk perceptions are biased.
Neoadjuvant therapy to improve resectability of advanced thyroid cancer: A real‐world experience
Authors: Russell Marika , Gild Matti L. , Wirth Lori J. , Robinson Bruce , Karcioglu Amanda Silver , Iwata Ayaka , Athni Tejas S. , Abdelhamid Ahmed Amr H. , Randolph Gregory W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundExperience with targeted neoadjuvant treatment for locoregionally advanced thyroid cancer is nascent.MethodsMulticenter retrospective case series examining targeted neoadjuvant treatment for locoregionally advanced thyroid cancer. The primary outcome was change in surgical morbidity as measured by two metrics developed for use in clinical trials to characterize surgical complexity and morbidity. Secondary outcomes included percentage of patients proceeding to surgery and percentage receiving an R0/R1 resection.ResultsSeventeen patients with varied molecular alterations, pathologies, and treatment regimens were included. Mean surgical complexity scores decreased between time points for baseline and postneoadjuvant treatment, postneoadjuvant treatment and surgery, and between baseline and surgery. Eleven patients (64.7%) underwent surgical resection, with 10 (58.8%) receiving an R0/R1 resection.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant treatment of advanced thyroid cancer improves resectability and decreases the morbidity of required surgical procedures. However, treatment is not uniformly effective.
Tackling social inequalities in health: Assessing contexts for implementing integrated health access for people with severe mental illness
Authors: Mejsner Sofie Buch , Bech Mickael , Fehsenfeld Michael , Lundberg Luna , Westergaard Caroline Louise , Vixø Kathrine , Burau Viola 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSocial inequalities in health are a complex problem that often emerge at the interfaces between different sectors, such as health and social care, and the corresponding transitions between different provider organisations. Vulnerable people are typically in greater need of accessing different sectors of the health system and therefore often experience lack of coherence in their treatment pathway. We aimed to examine the contexts of health systems that influence initiatives concerned with integrated health access. We used the theory of Organizational Fields to study the contexts for implementing Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) in Central Denmark Region and three municipalities in the region. We collected 33 documents and conducted six qualitative interviews with professionals involved in FACT to understand the contexts of implementing integrated health access. We found that contexts for implementing FACT are highly complex, as they are divided between health and social care (horizontal complexity) and between national and the sub‐national levels of the region and the municipalities (vertical complexity). This leads to conflicting demands on implementation. Local contexts of collaboration may offer a lever to handle these demands, but these are likely to vary. Analysis of how complex health system contexts influence implementation is important to understand how changes might become sustainable and help to tackle social inequalities in health.
Undaria pinnatifida ameliorates nasal inflammation by inhibiting eosinophil and mast cell activation and modulating the NF‐κB/MAPKs signaling pathway
Authors: Yu Zhen Nan , Fan Yan Jing , Nguyen Thi Van , Piao Chun Hua , Lee Byung‐Hoo , Lee So‐Young , Shin Hee Soon , Song Chang Ho , Chai Ok Hee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is the most prevalent form of atopic disease. Undaria pinnatifida has potent antioxidative, antidiabetic, and anti‐inflammatory properties.AimsWe investigated the immunomodulatory effect of Undaria pinnatifida extract (UPE) on allergic inflammation in an AR mouse model.Materials & MethodsMice were sensitized and intranasally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and the Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg‐related cytokines and histopathology were exanimated after UPE treatments. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was performed using serum samples and NALF to detect OVA‐specific immunoglobulins and inflammatory cytokines. Mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were measured by western blotting analysis, and an in vitro study measured mast cell activation induced by compound 48/80.ResultsAfter UPE treatment, nasal and lung allergy symptoms, nasal mucosal swelling, and goblet cell hyperplasia were ameliorated. Oral UPE regulated the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cell differentiation in AR mice in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, UPE attenuated the migration of eosinophils and mast cells to the nasal mucosa by suppressing nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB)/MAPKs. The levels of anti‐OVA IgE and IgG1 were also decreased.DiscussionUPE inhibited inflammation by regulating the NF‐κB/MAPKs signaling pathway and supressing the activation of critical immune cells such as eosinophils and mast cells.ConclusionUPE may have therapeutic potential for AR.
Clinical practice guidelines for gene therapy to treat hereditary hearing loss
Authors: Qi Jieyu , Tan Fangzhi , Zhang Liyan , Lu Ling , Wang Hongyang , Li Wenyan , Liu Wenwen , Fu Xiaolong , He Zuhong , Ding Xiaoqiong , Sun Shan , Fang Qiaojun , Dong Yaodong , Zhu Xuewei , Tong Busheng , Cao Xianbao , Guo Min , Fan Xinmiao , Wang Qin , Ma Lu , Zhang Tianhong , Yu Yafeng , Li Yongxin , Fan Jiangang , Cui Yong , Wu Peina , Zhang Hongzheng , Tang Jie , Guo Weiwei , Zha Dingjun , Ye Fanglei , He Shuangba , Cao Wei , Yang Jianming , Qian Xiaoyun , Zhao Yu , Sun Jingwu , Chen Xiaowei , Sun Yu , Xia Ming , Wang Qiuju , Yuan Huijun , Feng Yong , Kong Weijia , Yang Shiming , Wang Haibo , Duan Maoli , Gao Xia , Li Huawei , Xu Lei , Chai Renjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHereditary deafness is a common neurosensory disorder, and 148 non‐syndromic deafness genes have been identified to date. Gene therapy has been used to treat a variety of genetic diseases, but no gene therapy drug for hereditary deafness has been approved for clinical use. At present, several clinical trials of gene therapy for hereditary deafness are underway. However, few normative documents have been issued to guide the standardization of gene therapy for hearing loss, and this document is the first global gene therapy guideline for hereditary hearing loss. The guidelines were jointly developed and drafted by experienced audiologists, virologists and biologists who are vigorously involved in inner ear gene therapy research in the Hearing, Speech and Communication Subsociety of Biophysical Society of China, Audiology Development Foundation Of China and Audiology Subsociety of Jiangsu Medical Association. These guidelines cover preclinical research and clinical practice of gene therapy for hereditary deafness, including indications, key points of pre‐clinical research, patient selection criteria, pre‐clinical preparation, drug efficacy, drug safety evaluation criteria, ethical review, etc. We hope that the guidelines will promote the standardization of clinical practice related to gene therapy for hereditary deafness in China and around the world.
Unveiling the enigma: Exploring organizational dysfunctional learning modes and institutional amnesia in the Indian Universal Service Obligation Fund
Authors: Kayum Abdul , Abdin Md. Shahnawaz , Mishra Brajesh , Kayum Sarah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite various government initiatives and substantial unutilized funds in the Indian Universal Service Obligation Fund (USF), a significant population in rural and remote areas still lack broadband services due to inadequate consideration for demographic and geographical challenges in planning and implementation strategies, mainly stemming from focus on quick electoral benefits, favoritism, organizational politics and a sense of indifference. This study employs a multiple‐case approach to analyze the USF institution using the proposed integrated organizational learning framework, offering a novel perspective. The proposed framework identifies factors influencing effective outcomes and provides a comprehensive assessment of cross‐project learning culture within the organization. Additionally, by unveiling systemic deception and hidden intentions, the application of this framework may act as a deterrent to improper practices, contributing to an improved outlook for future projects. Our analysis reveals that despite encountering distinct experiences and outcomes in different initiatives, the USF has missed opportunities to fully leverage lessons learned and avoid repeating past mistakes. To bolster the efficacy of future projects, we propose that the USF adopt a proactive organizational learning strategy involving thorough evaluations and analyses of past projects by experts. This process should aim to extract key lessons, challenges, and best practices, culminating in establishing a repository of learnings. Regularly updating and utilizing this repository can foster a culture of continuous improvement and informed decision‐making. Such an approach can improve project delivery across traditional metrics of time, cost, and quality and maximize benefits delivered to beneficiaries.
Emotion regulation as a potential moderator of the association between HIV stigma and nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy among youth living with HIV
Authors: Wiginton John Mark , Amico K. Rivet , Hightow‐Weidman Lisa , Sullivan Patrick , Horvath Keith J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐related stigma affects adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for youth living with HIV. Emotion regulation strategies such as cognitive reappraisal (reinterpreting adversity to mitigate emotional impact) and expressive suppression (inhibiting emotion‐expressive behavior activated by adversity) may moderate the HIV stigma‐ART adherence relationship in this group.MethodsUsing baseline data from 208 youth living with HIV aged 15–24 years enrolled in an mHealth ART‐adherence intervention, we performed modified Poisson regressions with robust variance between HIV stigma (internalized, anticipated, enacted) and ART nonadherence. We tested for multiplicative interaction via product terms between HIV stigma and emotion regulation scores, and additive interaction via relative excess risk due to interaction and attributable proportion using dichotomous HIV stigma and emotion regulation variables.ResultsMean age was 21 years; ≥50% of participants were cisgender male, non‐Hispanic Black, and gay‐identifying; 18% reported ART nonadherence. Confounder‐adjusted regressions showed positive associations between each HIV stigma variable and ART nonadherence. Internalized HIV stigma and cognitive reappraisal negatively, multiplicatively interacted (as internalized HIV stigma increased, ART nonadherence increased for those with low cognitive reappraisal). High internalized HIV stigma positively, additively interacted with low cognitive reappraisal and low expressive suppression (when high internalized HIV stigma and low levels of either emotion regulation strategy were present, ART nonadherence increased dramatically).ConclusionCognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression may protect against internalized HIV stigma's harmful association with ART nonadherence. These modifiable emotion regulation strategies may be targeted to potentially buffer the effects of internalized HIV stigma and support ART adherence for youth living with HIV.
pO2 reporter composite hydrogel macroencapsulation devices for magnetic resonance imaging oxygen quantification
Authors: Emerson Amy E. , Sugamura Yuka , Mazboudi Jad , Abdallah Tuhfah M. , Seaton Charmayne D. , Ghasemi Azin , Kodibagkar Vikram D. , Weaver Jessica D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHydrogel cell encapsulation devices are a common approach to reduce the need for chronic systemic immunosuppression in allogeneic cell product transplantation. Macroencapsulation approaches are an appealing strategy, as they maximize graft retrievability and cell dosage within a single device; however, macroencapsulation devices face oxygen transport challenges as geometries increase from preclinical to clinical scales. Device design guided by computational approaches can facilitate graft oxygen availability to encapsulated cells in vivo but is limited without accurate measurement of oxygen levels within the transplant site and graft. In this study, we engineer pO2 reporter composite hydrogels (PORCH) to enable spatiotemporal measurement of oxygen tension within macroencapsulation devices using the proton Imaging of siloxanes to map tissue oxygenation levels (PISTOL) magnetic resonance imaging approach. We engineer two methods of incorporating siloxane oximetry reporters within hydrogel devices, an emulsion and microbead‐based approach, and evaluate PORCH cytotoxicity on co‐encapsulated cells and accuracy in quantifying oxygen tension in vitro. We find that both emulsion and microbead PORCH approaches enable accurate in situ oxygen quantification using PISTOL magnetic resonance oximetry, and that the emulsion‐based PORCH approach results in higher spatial resolution.
miR‐200a‐3p inhibits the PDGF‐BB‐induced proliferation of VSMCs by affecting their phenotype‐associated proteins
Authors: Zeng Rui‐Yuan , Jin Hong‐Yi , Peng Yong‐Bo , Wang Wen‐Jun , Cao Yuan‐Ping , Peng Han‐Zhi , Qiu Zhi‐Cong , Lai Song‐Qing , Wan Li 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccumulating evidence shows that the abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can significantly affect the long‐term prognosis of coronary artery bypass grafting. This study aimed to explore the factors affecting the proliferation, migration, and phenotypic transformation of VSMCs. First, we stimulated VSMCs with different platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) concentrations, analyzed the expression of phenotype‐associated proteins by Western blotting, and examined cell proliferation by scratch wound healing and the 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. VSMC proliferation was induced most by PDGF‐BB treatment at 20 ng/mL. miR‐200a‐3p decreased significantly in A7r5 cells stimulated with PDGF‐BB. The overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p reversed the downregulation of α‐SMA (p < 0.001) and the upregulation of vimentin (p < 0.001) caused by PDGF‐BB. CCK8 and EdU analyses showed that miR‐200a‐3p overexpression could inhibit PDGF‐BB‐induced cell proliferation (p < 0.001). However, flow cytometric analysis showed that it did not significantly increase cell apoptosis. Collectively, the overexpression of miR‐200a‐3p inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by PDGF‐BB, partly by affecting phenotypic transformation‐related proteins, providing a new strategy for relieving the restenosis of vein grafts.
Evolving policies, enduring impacts: Cross‐sectional surveys of mental health, risk‐related perceptions, and coping behaviors throughout China's U‐turn in its stringent zero‐COVID policy
Authors: Zhao Shuguang , Zhou Jue , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveChina's early encounter with COVID‐19 and protracted prevention policies, presents an ideal case to study psychological changes during a prolonged and evolving crisis. This study aims to examine the shifts in mental health symptoms, risk‐related perceptions, and associated coping behaviors within two large‐scale samples of Chinese respondents, spanning from the pandemic's onset to the relaxation of the zero‐COVID policy. Moreover, the study strives to identify protective factors that could potentially mitigate the pandemic's impact.MethodsTwo online surveys were conducted during China's initial pandemic phase (February 25–28, 2020) and the relaxation of the zero‐COVID policy (March 30–April 18, 2023). Participants' mental health indicators, risk‐related perceptions, and coping behaviors were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale‐21 Items, the 9‐item Bergen Burnout Inventory, and other adopted scales. Multivariable linear models were employed to examine the enduring psychological impact of the pandemic and identify potential protective factors.ResultsAnalysis of two datasets comprising 1946 and 1878 participants from the onset and the remission of China's COVID‐19 pandemic revealed an upward trend in various mental health indicators of Chinese respondents between 2020 and 2023. Similarly, risk‐related perceptions, encompassing perceived severity, susceptibility, and self‐efficacy, and risk‐related information sharing witnessed an increase. Being female, single, residing in rural areas, having higher education, and lacking acquaintances with COVID‐19 are protective factors against mental health risks. Additionally, being female, married, over 30, living in big cities, having higher education, and lacking personal or acquaintances' infection history are associated with engaging in protective behaviors and reduced information avoidance.ConclusionThe study investigated the changes in mental health symptoms, risk‐related perceptions, and coping behaviors of Chinese respondents between 2020 and 2023 and identified protective factors against the pandemic's impact, including demographic (gender, age), social (education, marital status, residence), and exposure (infection history) elements. Understanding these fluctuations and protective elements is crucial for policymakers, as it can inform the development of targeted strategies to alleviate negative psychological impacts while effectively managing future pandemics.
Mixed methods evaluation of a jail diversion program: Impact on arrests and functioning
Authors: Mehari Krista R. , Morgan Savannah , Stevens Laura Taylor , Coleman Jasmine N. , Schuler Kaitlyn , Graves Curtis , Lindsey Dakota R. B. , Smith Phillip N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis mixed methods study had two aims: (1) to examine the effectiveness of a jail diversion program in reducing recidivism and promoting educational and employment outcomes; and (2) to qualitatively explore mechanisms through which the program was effective. Participants were 17 individuals arrested for drug offenses who participated in an intensive, law enforcement‐based jail diversion program, and 17 individuals in a comparison group. Arrests were extracted from police records, and education and employment were extracted from program data. Four intervention participants completed qualitative interviews. Arrest rates in the intervention group decreased significantly postintervention, and arrest rates in the intervention group were numerically lower than those in the comparison group. Participants experienced significant increases in employment and driver's license status. Participants also identified mechanisms through which the program was effective. This jail diversion program shows promise in reducing recidivism and promoting adaptive functioning. Jail diversion programs that include mentorship, peer support, and removal of barriers to success may be particularly effective.