bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menopause und Sport
Authors: Vollrath Sabrina , Stute Petra 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie postmenopausale Periode der Frau mit dem Östrogen- und Progesteronabfall ist mit metabolischen, kardiovaskulären und muskuloskeletalen Anpassungen verbunden, was die Relevanz präventiver Lifestyle-Modifikationen wie beispielsweise vermehrter sportlicher Aktivität unterstreicht. Physiologische Adaptationen in dieser Lebensphase umfassen eine Reduktion des Ruheenergieverbrauchs sowie eine Verschiebung der Körperzusammensetzung mit erhöhter Fettmasse und Verlust der Magermasse. Regelmässige körperliche Aktivität wirkt protektiv gegen Sarkopenie, moduliert das metabolische Profil günstig, schützt vor chronischen Erkrankungen und fördert die psychologische Resilienz. Die Kombination von menopausaler Hormonersatztherapie (MHT) mit Sport zeigt synergistisch positive Effekte auf die Muskelfunktion und den Erhalt der Muskelmasse. Die zunehmende Anwendung von Testosteron aufgrund von Libidomangel im Rahmen der menopausalen Hormonersatztherapie erfordert bei sportlich kompetitiven Frauen eine sorgfältige Abwägung im Kontext antidopingrechtlicher Bestimmungen.
Rapid prototyping of a modular optical flow cell for image-based droplet size measurements in emulsification processes
Authors: Burke Inga , Assies Christina , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEmulsification processes are often found in the process industry and their evaluation is crucial for product quality and safety. Numerous methods exist to analyze critical quality attributes (CQA) such as the droplet sizes and droplet size distribution (DSD) of an emulsification process. During the emulsification process, the optical process accessibility may be limited due to high disperse phase content of liquid-liquid systems. To overcome this challenge, a modular, optical measurement flow cell is presented to widen the application window of optical methods in emulsification processes. In this contribution, the channel geometry is subject of optimization to modify the flow characteristics and produce high optical quality. In terms of rapid prototyping, an iterative optimization procedure via SLA-3D printing was used to increase operability. The results demonstrated that the flow cell resulting from the optimization procedure provides a broad observation window for droplet detection.
Graphical abstract
Event detection algorithm based on label semantic encoding
Authors: Feng Haibo , Zhang Yulai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne major challenge in event detection tasks is the lack of a large amount of annotated data. In a low-sample learning environment, effectively utilizing label semantic information can mitigate the impact of limited samples on model training. Therefore, this chapter proposes the SALM-Net (Semantic Attention Labeling & Matching Network) model. Firstly, a Label Semantic Encoding (LSE) module is designed to obtain semantic encodings for labels. Next, a contrastive learning fine-tuning module is introduced to fine-tune the label semantic encodings produced by the LSE module. Finally, an attention module is used to match text encodings with label semantic encodings of events and arguments, thus obtaining event detection results. Experiments are conducted on the publicly available ACE2004 dataset, and the algorithm’s effectiveness is validated through an analysis of experimental results, comparing them with state-of-the-art algorithms.
The classification of SSVEP-BCI based on ear-EEG via RandOm Convolutional KErnel Transform with Morlet wavelet
Authors: Li Xueyuan , Haba Taichi , Cui Gaochao , Kinoshita Fumiya , Touyama Hideaki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDuring the advantages of shorter training and higher information throughput, steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is widely used in brain–computer interface (BCI) research. Recently, collecting EEG signals from the ear area (ear-EEG) has gained increasing attention because it is more comfortable and convenient than scalp electrodes. The ear-EEG-based BCI system based on ear electrodes has weaker signals and more noise components because the electrodes are located far away from the top of the head. In this study, the RandOm Convolutional KErnel Transform (ROCKET) algorithm integrated with the Morlet wavelet transform (Morlet-ROCKET) was proposed to solve this issue. This study compared the performence of Morlet-ROCKET with two established methods: canonical correlation analysis-based (FBCCA) and Transformer methods. The proposed Morlet-ROCKET model demonstrated superior performance across multiple measures, including increased classification accuracy in 1 s, 3 s, and 4 s time windows and higher area under the curve (AUC) values in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The analysis result proved that with efficient data processing algorithms, ear-EEG-based BCI systems can also have good performance, and providing support for the popularization of BCI.
Evidence from temperature analog for traditional and economic cities in Nigeria: implications for sustainable city-related actions
Authors: Asonibare Oluwatosin Femi , Umaru Emmanuel Tanko , Adesina Francis , Ademola Adenle A. , Okhimamhe Appollonia A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResponding to the threats of climate change by cities requires taking relevant actions that will communicate future conditions in reliable and effective manner for sustainable and transformational climate actions. We used the analog approach to assess the geographical shifts and changes in average temperature conditions for six traditional and economic cities under different climate scenarios (Mitigated and Unmitigated scenarios). We calculated the similarity in temperature between each pixel for the current (2021–2050) and future (2041–2070) conditions of the cities, with every pixel globally in the historical (1971–200) period. Our analysis revealed that; (1) the temperature of the cities in the current and future periods will be similar to conditions of another place on the globe during the historical period; (2) Kano city will experience even more drastic changes because of the low level of similarity to other places; (3) the new places found with similar temperature conditions are generally to the south of the corresponding cities thus indicating warming. The overall results show that the analogues of the cities are within the domain of the global tropical zone which occurs around the equator. Drawing from the interaction between cities and their analogues, we highlighted sustainable city related actions such as the incorporation of urban designs and policies to enhance human thermal comfort as adaptation and solution strategies. While future research might apply qualitative studies and additional data to support the analog results, our findings can guide the understanding and application of the analog approach into environmental issues in Nigeria and other West African countries in accordance to sustainable city goals (SDG 11).
Enhancing carbapenem antimicrobial dosing optimization: synergy of antimicrobial stewardship teams and ward-based clinical pharmacists
Authors: Tai Tatsuya , Motoki Takahiro , Yamaguchi Kazunori , Watanabe Masahiro , Ito Taichi , Yokota Kyoko , Ishikawa Kaori , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muraki Yuichi , Kosaka Shinji , Dainichi Teruki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial-product package inserts and insufficient staffing impede routine carbapenem monitoring in the inpatient setting in Japan. The collaboration between antimicrobial stewardship teams and clinical pharmacists was associated with a sustained improvement in carbapenem dosing optimization. Our findings could be of use to countries with inadequate monitoring of carbapenem antimicrobial use.
The -eci Syncretism in Korean: Implications for the Theory of v and Voice
Authors: Jung Hyun Kyoung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the syncretism exhibited by the Korean verbal suffix -eci. In addition to its widely known appearance in the passive construction, -eci can also be used to derive verbs expressing potentiality. In this paper, I show that two independently motivated theoretical tools — (i) the articulated verbal structure with root, verbalizer, and Voice; and (ii) the assumption that morphological identity signifies the morpheme's realization of an identical syntactic head — accurately explain the passive-potential syncretism in Korean. Specifically, I argue that -eci realizes a syntactic head that the passive and potential structures have in common: vGO, the verbalizer marking the eventuality of ‘change’. I attribute the systematic morpho-syntactic and semantic contrasts between passives and potentials to the (non)existence of VoicePASS, the projection introducing an implicit external argument. The analysis successfully captures the properties of the other constructions formed upon -eci — namely, derived change-of-state and lexical inchoative predicates.
Household structure decisions and positive wealth shocks: a natural experiment from the Spanish Christmas lottery
Authors: Pérez Levi , Muñiz Álvaro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper explores whether a positive unexpected exogenous (unearned) wealth shock affects household structure decisions in different Spanish regions. The Christmas draw of the Spanish National Lottery is used in a natural experiment as a proxy for exogenous random variations in provincial wealth. A static and dynamic linear panel event-study design allows for control of changing economic and demographic conditions at the province level and the dynamic effects on the analyzed decisions. The evidence is consistent with families getting divorced and having children when the province in which they live experiences an unexpected increase in wealth, but no conclusive effect on wedding plans is found.
Resistance and Reform as Responses to Human Rights Criticism: Relativism at FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022
Authors: Jain Shubham 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe language of human rights is a prominent tool of choice to push for moral principles such as justice, equity, and fairness in the social, economic, and political spheres. Simultaneously, the concept and practice of human rights have attracted critiques. Relativism is one such enduring critique. Relativists advocate due and reasonable consideration towards cultural diversity and specificity of diverse human communities, within the limits allowed by universality of human rights. The relativist critique featured prominently in the debates surrounding Qatar’s hosting of the FIFA World Cup 2022. Commentators have spoken about Qatar’s scrutiny often moving beyond legitimate human rights criticism, uninformed activism being counterproductive; and the appropriateness of, largely, Western and maximalist ideals of human rights being applied without accounting for local needs and peculiarities. In this Article, I bring together the literature on the relativist critique and the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 as a case study, to examine the usefulness and limitation of human rights as a language of critique to achieve meaningful transformative change in sporting contexts. I focus on the debates surrounding the rights of migrant workers and the rights of the LGBTQIA+ community; and argue that while human rights advocacy had a notable impact in relation to FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022, it is a tale full of cautions and lessons.
Perceptions regarding the Indian Mental Healthcare Act 2017 among psychiatrists: Review and critical appraisal in the light of CRPD guidelines
Authors: Uvais N.A. , Joag Kaustubh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Informed by the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Indian government replaced the 1987 Mental Health Act with the transformative “Indian Mental Healthcare Act, 2017” (IMHCA 2017), which gained presidential approval on April 7, 2017. While the new act aligns with CRPD guidelines, emphasizing the promotion, protection and realization of complete and equitable human rights, legal capacity, equality and dignity for persons with mental illness, it has faced diverse criticism from various stakeholders, particularly psychiatrists. This study systematically explores the critiques and apprehensions expressed by psychiatrists regarding the IMHCA 2017 using available published resources and assesses these criticisms within the context of CRPD guidelines.

Methodology
We conducted a scoping review of the literature, using two search engines like PubMed and Scopus. The review covered academic publications, reports and documents from both national and international sources, authored by psychiatrists and psychiatric organizations, related to the IMHCA 2017. The primary search term “IMHCA 2017” was used without temporal restrictions. Publications authored by mental health professionals from India and around the world were included in the final analysis. Through qualitative analysis, key themes reflecting psychiatrists’ viewpoints were identified. These themes, marked by substantial criticism, were then assessed in accordance with the guiding principles of the CRPD, including its optional protocol and general comments.

Results
The study analyzed 33 manuscripts discussing criticisms and concerns about IMHCA 2017. Manuscript types included opinion papers (60.6%), original research articles (21.21%), review articles (9.09%), editorials (6.06%) and comments (3.03%). All but one article were authored by psychiatrists, with five by non-Indian authors and the rest by Indian psychiatrists. Most articles were published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry (75.76%), with some in other journals. About 54.55% critically scrutinized act provisions, while 45.45% highlighted positive aspects. The analysis identified seven prominent criticism themes: clinical apprehensions, lack of clarity and comprehensiveness, feasibility challenges, neglect of caregivers, mistrust toward psychiatrists, crises in general hospital psychiatry units and ideological reservations.

Conclusions
Each theme was critically assessed in the context of CRPD guidelines, and corresponding recommendations were formulated.
Evolution of sub-ice-shelf channels reveals changes in ocean-driven melt in West Antarctica
Authors: Alley Karen E. , Alley Richard B. , Crawford Alex D. , Ochwat Naomi , Wild Christian T. , Marson Juliana , Snow Tasha , Muto Atsuhiro , Pettit Erin C. , Child Sarah F. , Truffer Martin , Collao-Barrios Gabriela , Scambos Ted A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Basal channels, which are troughs carved into the undersides of ice shelves by buoyant plumes of water, are modulators of ice-shelf basal melt and structural stability. In this study, we track the evolution of 12 large basal channels beneath ice shelves of the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas region in West Antarctica using the Landsat record since its start in the 1970s through 2020. We observe examples of channel growth, interactions with ice-shelf features, and systematic changes in sinuosity that give insight into the life cycles of basal channels. We use the last two decades of the record, combined with contemporary ice-flow velocity datasets, to separate channel-path evolution into components related to advection by ice flow and those controlled by other forcings, such as ocean melt or surface accumulation. Our results show that ice-flow-independent lateral channel migration is overwhelmingly to the left when viewed down-flow, suggesting that it is dominated by Coriolis-influenced ocean melt. By applying a model of channel-path evolution dominantly controlled by ice flow and ocean melt, we show that the majority of channels surveyed exhibit non-steady behavior that serves as a novel proxy for increased ocean forcing in West Antarctica starting at least in the early 1970s.
Variaciones en el aprovechamiento del guanaco en Patagonia meridional: El sitio Río Bote 1
Authors: Fiel M. Victoria , Franco Nora V. 
Published: March 2024

Resumen
Estudios previos han mostrado que la Lama guanicoe fue la presa principal de los cazadores-recolectores que habitaron Patagonia a lo largo del Holoceno. No obstante, su forma de aprovechamiento pudo haber variado a lo largo del tiempo en respuesta a las condiciones paleoambientales y a la dinámica poblacional. Sin embargo, hasta la actualidad esta problemática ha sido poco explorada en la cuenca del río Santa Cruz (Patagonia, Argentina). En este trabajo se analiza la existencia de variaciones en el procesamiento del guanaco por parte de los grupos humanos que habitaron el sitio Río Bote 1 entre circa 4200 y 350 años aP. Los resultados alcanzados, si bien sugieren continuidades, tales como el predominio de una estrategia basada en el aprovechamiento de su porción apendicular, también señalan la existencia de variaciones en el procesamiento de sus recursos a lo largo del tiempo. Estas últimas parecen relacionarse tanto con los efectos de las fluctuaciones climáticas, como con los cambios demográficos en las poblaciones humanas.
Comparative epidemiology of outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants in China
Authors: Peng Liping , Huang Xiaotong , Wang Can , Xin Hualei , Cowling Benjamin J. , Wu Peng , Tsang Tim K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
From 2020 to December 2022, China implemented strict measures to contain the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. However, despite these efforts, sustained outbreaks of the Omicron variants occurred in 2022. We extracted COVID-19 case numbers from May 2021 to October 2022 to identify outbreaks of the Delta and Omicron variants in all provinces of mainland China. We found that omicron outbreaks were more frequent (4.3 vs. 1.6 outbreaks per month) and longer-lasting (mean duration: 13 vs. 4 weeks per outbreak) than Delta outbreaks, resulting in a total of 865,100 cases, of which 85% were asymptomatic. Despite the average Government Response Index being 12% higher (95% confidence interval (CI): 9%, 15%) in Omicron outbreaks, the average daily effective reproduction number (Rt) was 0.45 higher (95% CI: 0.38, 0.52, p < 0.001) than in Delta outbreaks. Omicron outbreaks were suppressed in 32 days on average (95% CI: 26, 39), which was substantially longer than Delta outbreaks (14 days; 95% CI: 11, 19; p = 0.004). We concluded that control measures effective against Delta could not contain Omicron outbreaks in China. This highlights the need for continuous evaluation of new variants’ epidemiology to inform COVID-19 response decisions.
Refusals and Requests: In Defense of Consistency
Authors: Davis Jeremy , Mathison Eric 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Physicians place significant weight on the distinction between acts and omissions. Most believe that autonomous refusals for procedures, such as blood transfusions and resuscitation, ought to be respected, but they feel no similar obligation to accede to requests for treatment that will, in the physician’s opinion, harm the patient (e.g., assisted death). Thus, there is an asymmetry. In this paper, we challenge the strength of this distinction by arguing that the ordering of values should be the same in both cases. The reason for respecting refusals is that, in such cases, autonomy outweighs well-being. We argue that the same should be true in request cases, which means that requests should not be denied only due to the treatment being too harmful in the physician’s opinion. Our strategy is to consider and reject a number of arguments for the asymmetrical view, including an appeal to the doing–allowing distinction and positive and negative rights. The duty to respect refusals is still greater than the duty to grant requests on our view, but, by arguing that the ordering of values is the same in both cases, we show that there is less of a distinction in healthcare between requests and refusals than many currently believe.
Semen sexing and its impact on fertility and genetic gain in cattle
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Magotra Ankit , Kumar Manoj , Dalal D.S. , Kumari Sonu 
Published: March 2024

SummarySemen sexing is among one of the most remarkable inventions of the past few decades in the field of reproductive biotechnology. The urge to produce offspring of a desired sex has remained since traditional times. Researchers have tried many methods for accurate semen sexing, but only the flow cytometry method has proved to be effective for commercial utilization. However, there were always concerns about the effects of sexed semen, especially on fertility and the rate of genetic gain. Some concerns were genuine because of factors such as low semen dosage in sexed semen straws and damage to sperm during the sorting process. Various researchers have conducted numerous studies to find out the effect of sexed semen on fertility and, in this article, we reflect on their findings. Initially, there were comparatively much lower conception rates (∼70% of conventional semen) but, with refinement in technology, this gap is bridging and the use of sexed semen will increase over time. Concerning genetic gain with use of sexed semen, a positive effect on rate of genetic progress with the use of sexed semen has been observed based on various simulation studies, although there has been a mild increase in inbreeding.
SPECFY - an important tool of the Leiden Ice Database for Astrochemistry in the era of the James Webb Space Telescope
Authors: Rocha W. R. M. , Rachid M. G. , Olsthoorn B. , van Dishoeck E. F. , McClure M. K. , Slavicinska K. , Linnartz H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMolecular data obtained from laboratory studies are crucial for deriving chemical abundances in astrophysical environments. The Leiden Ice Database for Astrochemistry (LIDA; https://icedb.strw.leidenuniv.nl/) has supported these studies for years in the context of astrophysical ices. For the era of the James Webb Space Telescope - JWST, LIDA hosts more than 1100 infrared spectra of pure and mixed ices that mimic different astrophysical conditions and UV-vis optical constants of water ice. Additionally, LIDA has an online tool - SPECFY, that allows the creation of protostar synthetic spectra. In this paper, we create a synthetic spectrum including OCS ice to check the detection feasibility of this molecule with a 3σ significance using JWST. The calculations are made with the exposure time calculator (ETC). LIDA is a prime deliverable of Ice Age, an Early Release Science JWST program. The collected data and online tools are also accessible for other programs collecting ice data.
Isolated But Not Necessarily Lonely
Authors: Galgali Madhwa S. , Helm Peter J. , Arndt Jamie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Previous research points to social/affiliative needs as playing an important role in orienting people towards conspiratorial thinking. Yet no research to date has compared the relative contribution of different forms of subjective interpersonal isolation to general conspiracist ideation (CI). Four studies ( N = 2,452) compare the associations between three forms of subjective isolation (loneliness, existential isolation, alienation/anomie) and CI. Results from Studies 1–3 indicate that existential isolation and alienation, but not loneliness, independently predict higher CI over and above other relevant predictors. Study 4 found that after controlling for relevant covariates, only anomie predicted CI. Exploratory analyses revealed that unique effects of existential isolation on CI emerged when the breakdown of the leadership subdimension of anomie was excluded from the model. Implications of the four studies are discussed.