bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined treatment in carcinoma of the nasopharynx
Authors: Souhami Luis , Rabinowits Milton 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom October 1982 to August 1984, 30 previously untreated patients with biopsy‐proven carcinoma of the nasopharynx, stage III (26.5%) and stage IV (73.5%), received combined radiotherapy (6,000 to 7,000 cGy over a period of 7 to 7.5 weeks) and chemotherapy (mitomycin‐C 10 mg/M2, IV; 5‐fluorouracil 750 mg/M2, IV; and methotrexate 30 mg/M2, IV) concomitantly. There were 20 males and 10 females, with a median age of 40 years. Minimal follow‐up duration was 24 months. Actuarial overall survival rate at 48 months was 49%. Complete local response was achieved in 75% of the patients, with 31% of the cases failing distantly. The complication rate was high and included severe mucositis, xerostomia, and septicemia (fatal in two cases). Despite high local disease control, survival rate did not increase. A randomized trial is urgently needed to establish whether or not combined treatment is of value in advanced carcinoma of the nasopharynx.
Speech segment duration measurements in adult speakers with repaired cleft palate and hypernasality
Authors: Leder Steven B. , Lerman Jay W. , Alfonso Peter J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractConsonant closure duration, vowel duration preceding word‐final stop consonants, and total VCVC utterance duration were measured in order to investigate if normal durations in these variables were exhibited in subjects with cleft palate and hypernasality. The data revealed no significant differences among three adult subject groups (noncleft, repaired cleft with mild hypernasality, and repaired cleft with severe hypernasality) on any of the duration measurements investigated, suggesting that speech timing for these features were not significantly altered by the presence of the nasal air leak. Speakers in the two hypernasal groups, however, showed smaller differences between vowel durations in voiced and voiceless stop environments than did speakers without cleft palate. There were significant differences among groups in durational cues between vowel types and between voicing features of stop consonants, both of which were in agreement with previous research.
Surgery and postoperative external irradiation for head and neck cancer recurrent after surgery alone
Authors: Ampil Federico L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe radiotherapeutic salvage of recurrent head and neck carcinoma after definitive surgery was retrospectively studied in 20 patients treated between 1972 and 1985. These individuals had external beam megavoltage irradiation for subclinical (n=7) or gross (n=13) disease. The conventionally applied total dose ranged from 4,600 cGy to 7,000 cGy (mean 6,000 cGy). Overall 2‐ and 5‐year crude survival rates were 25% and 5%, respectively. Regional recurrence was more frequent than local disease. The latter was associated with a better prognosis. As expected, radiotherapy was relatively more effective for minimal (than for bulky) disease. In conclusion, the prognosis for recurrent head and neck carcinoma remains poor despite local therapy.
Isolated uvulitis secondary to marijuana use
Authors: Guarisco J. Lindhe , Cheney Mack L. , Lejeune Francis E. , Reed Hollis T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIsolated uvulitis is a rarely reported disease. Known etiologies include bacterial infection and trauma following the use of instrumentation in the airway. Three cases of isolated uvulitis secondary to heavy marijuana smoke inhalation are reported. Specific recommendations regarding diagnosis and treatment of this disorder are made.
The difference in tumorigenicity between epstein‐barr virus (EBV) genome‐positive and genome‐negative epithelial hybrid cell lines derived from the human nasopharynx
Authors: Takimoto Toru , Tanaka Saichiroh , Umeda Ryozo , Sato Hiroshi , Ogura Hisashi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn epithelial/hybrid cell line was previously established (A2L/AH) by the fusion of 8‐azaguanine‐resistant epithelial cells (Ad‐AH) with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐transformed lymphoblastoid cells (A2L), as a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) model cell line in vitro. However, the A2L/AH cells were nontumorigenic in nude mice during early passage levels.In this study, an EBV genome‐negative clone and two EBV genome‐positive clones of the A2L/AH cells have been successfully cloned. We have continued to culture these three clones, as it is possible that EBV may disturb mechanisms that regulate tumorigenicity when cells are grown in vitro for long periods of time. Two EBV genome‐positive A2L/AH clones have become tumorigenic in nude mice after long periods in culture, whereas EBV genome‐negative A2L/AH cells were nontumorigenic after the same period of time. The data suggest that EBV may be associated with tumorigenicity in nude mice, at least in part.
Fulminant drechslera sinusitis in an immunocompetent host
Authors: Pratt Michael F. , Burnett John R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMycotic infections of the paranasal sinuses are rare. Sinusitis caused by Drechslera spicifera, a common saprophytic dematiacious fungus, has previously been reported in only three immunocompetent patients. Aggressive growth characteristics were not described in any of these reports. The case of a young immunocompetent pregnant woman with fulminant sinusitis caused by Drechslera spicifera is presented. The tumor, which invaded both orbits and the anterior cranial fossa, was rapidly progressive during pregnancy. After delivery of the baby, a combined craniofacial approach was used to excise the sinus mass while adjacent normal tissues were preserved. The pathophysiology and mycology of this uncommon sinus pathogen are reviewed. This case emphasizes the need for prompt surgical intervention to avoid potentially life‐threatening complications from a fulminant mycotic process in the paranasal sinuses. Indications for postoperative chemotherapy with amphotericin B are discussed.
Evaluation of the monothermal caloric test
Authors: Bhansali Sanjay A. , Stockwell Charles W. , Bojrab Dennis I. , Schwan Sabina A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn 1970, Torok reported that patients with labyrinthine disease showed vestibular recruitment and that patients with retrolabyrinthine disease showed vestibular decruitment on the monothermal caloric test. Other investigators have failed to confirm these findings; however, their studies did not precisely replicate Torok's test procedure. Following Torok's procedure exactly, the monothermal caloric test was administered to normal individuals and to patients with well‐documented vestibular lesions. Nine of ten normal persons showed normal responses and one person showed borderline decruitment. Six of eight patients who had lesions of the vestibular nerve or central vestibular pathways showed decruitment. Two patients with active Meniere's disease showed recruitment and one showed asymmetry. Two patients with Meniere's disease who had undergone endolymphatic sac operations showed normal responses. These findings support Torok's claim that the monothermal caloric test discriminates between labyrinthine and retrolabyrinthine vestibular pathology.
Ciprofloxacin for the treatment of chronic ear disease
Authors: Piccirillo Jay F. , Parnes Steven M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe treatment of chronic ear disease is often difficult and frustrating. Patients typically present with a history of chronic, persistent otorrhea that has failed to respond to multiple topical and oral antibiotics. Organisms that are resistant to multiple antibiotics are common. Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be effective against a wide range of gram‐negative and gram‐positive organisms. To evaluate the role of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic ear disease, 21 patients who failed routine therapy for chronic ear disease were prospectively treated with oral ciprofloxacin. Prior to therapy, all ear cultures grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus or other gram‐negative organisms. Ninety‐five percent of patients completing therapy showed either improvement or cure. Only one patient failed to improve. Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be effective in the management of chronic ear disease.
Is the nasal cycle an artifact? The role of asymmetrical postures
Authors: Haight James S. J. , Cole Philip 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBoth the nasal cycle and postural asymmetries between the lateral halves of the body will cause the patent cavity of the nasal airway to change sides. Therefore, the cycle might result from adjustments of posture during prolonged periods of nasal resistance measurements.Posterior rhinometric measurements of unilateral nasal resistance were made three times for 5 to 7 hours on a patient in whom 11 periods of lateral recumbency had not induced nasal resistance changes. A nasal cycle was observed. It is concluded that the cycle is not the product of asymmetrical body pressures.
The use of pentoxifylline in a pig random skin flap model
Authors: Knox Robert D. , Pratt Michael F. , Adkins Warren Y. , Flick James T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPentoxifylline, the first drug in a new class of rheologic agents, has enhanced skin flap survival in previous rat models. In an attempt to find an animal model more similar to the human, a trial using a pig skin flap model was undertaken. Experimental animals received oral pentoxifylline for 21 days. Random skin flaps were elevated on the 14th day, and flap viability was determined on the 21st day. Similar flaps were raised on control animals. Serum fibrinogen levels, platelet aggregation studies, and erythrocyte flexibilities were measured in both groups. No improvement in flap viability or rheologic properties of the blood were shown in the pentoxifylline‐treated animals. Although no enhancement of skin flap survival was demonstrated, future studies are warranted. Implications for future investigation and clinical application are discussed.
The effect of cetirizine on early allergic response
Authors: Naclerio Robert M. , Proud David , Kagey‐Sobotka Anne , Freidhoff Linda , Norman Philip S. , Lichtenstein Lawrence M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA double blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study was performed to determine the effect of cetirizine, an H1 antihistamine, on the immediate nasal allergic response. Ten persons underwent nasal challenge with antigen after premedication with 20 mg of cetirizine or placebo QD for 2 days. The response was monitored by counting the number of sneezes and by measuring the levels of histamine, prostaglandin D2, leukotriene C4, albumin, and TAME‐esterase activity in recovered nasal lavages. The results showed a significant reduction in sneezing and in the amounts of recovered albumin, TAME‐esterase activity, and leukotriene C4 but no reduction in the amounts of recovered histamine and prostaglandin D2. These results suggest that cetirizine does not inhibit mast cell activation but inhibits the consequences of the released histamine on H1 receptors: sneezing and increased vascular permeability. The results further suggest that mast cell release of histamine is the direct result of antigen stimulation, as opposed to reflex activation, and that other cells in addition to mast cells generate leukotrienes during the early allergic response.
Systemic vasculitis: A temporal bone histopathologic study
Authors: Yoon Tae H. , Paparella Michael M. , Schachern Patricia A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSystemic vasculitis includes a broad spectrum of disorders that may involve blood vessels of any size in any organ system. Systemic vasculitis is associated with immunopathogenic mechanisms. Sixteen temporal bones from eight persons were studied to determine histopathologic changes that occur in systemic vasculitis. Three persons had Wegener's granulomatosis, two had polyarteritis nodosa, and three had systemic lupus erythematosus. Otitis media was seen in 15 ears, with ten ears showing chronic middle ear changes and two showing fibrotic inner ear changes. In Wegener's granulomatosis, granulation tissue was observed around the eustachian tube and protympanum, and in polyarteritis nodosa, inflammatory cell infiltrate and thickened blood vessels were observed around the facial nerve. Although sensorineural hearing loss has been described clinically in systemic lupus erythematosus, the present report describes findings in temporal bones, including severe fibrosis and new bone formation throughout the inner ear.
Clinical results with a percutaneous bone‐anchored hearing aid
Authors: Abramson Maxwell , Fay Thomas H. , Kelly James P. , Wazen Jack J. , Liden Gunnar , Tjellstrom Anders 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDuring a 2‐year period ending in July 1987, nine patients were implanted with a percutaneous bone‐anchored hearing aid developed at the University of Gothenburg and Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. Patient selection was based on the presence of conductive or mixed hearing loss in patients who are unable to wear a conventional hearing aid because of infection or ear canal problems. Patients had speech discrimination scores of at least 60% for phonetically balanced monosyllables (CID lists) at 40 dB above threshold, and a pure tone bone conduction average of 45 dB hearing loss or better.Patients were evaluated in sound field, preoperatively and postoperatively using warble tones, speech reception threshold, speech discrimination, and synthetic speech identification. The patient's unaided hearing and hearing with a bone‐anchored hearing aid were compared with the patient's hearing with a standard bone conduction hearing aid.Signal to noise ratio testing with the synthetic speech identification test demonstrated that the bone‐anchored hearing aid was comparable to a standard bone conduction aid. There were no complications in our series. Five patients who reported otorrhea with conventional hearing aids experienced no otorrhea after implantation. Patient satisfaction, as assessed by questionnaire, revealed that all patients preferred the bone‐anchored hearing aid to previously worn hearing aids.
Isolated sphenoid sinus disease
Authors: Pearlman Steven J. , Friedman William H. , Potter Guy D. , Lawson William , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractForty‐three cases of isolated sphenoid sinus disease were reviewed. In 33 cases, headache was a presenting symptom. Seven of 29 cases of inflammatory disease and nine of 13 patients with tumors of the sinus presented with cranial nerve findings. When nonspecific visual disturbances were eliminated, two of 29 cases of inflammation and eight of 13 cases of tumors of the sphenoid sinus had cranial nerve deficits. Ten of 12 CT scans performed on patients with tumors of the sinus demonstrated bony erosion or perisinus extensions. This was not found in any of the 27 scans of patients with inflammatory disease. A thorough cranial nerve examination and a CT scan should be performed early in patients who present with vague and unusual headaches.
Head and neck manifestations of histiocytosis‐X in children
Authors: Dinardo Laurence J. , Wetmore Ralph F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe clinical presentation and course of 100 children aged 6 months to 22 years who had histiocytosis‐X and were treated at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from 1974 to 1987 were reviewed. Sixty‐three percent of patients presented with complaints referable to the head and neck. Lesions of the skull occurred most frequently, followed by cephalic rash, osseous mandibular destruction, enlarged neck nodes, and gingival disruption. Overall, during the course of the disease, 82% of the children with histiocytosis‐X developed head and neck manifestations. There were ten deaths in this series, all associated with diffuse or multifocal disease. Interestingly, four of these patients presented with cephalic rash as a harbinger of diffuse and eventually fatal illness. The method of diagnosis and management of histiocytosis‐X is discussed.
Malignant germ cell tumors of the head and neck in childhood
Authors: Stephenson Jeffrey A. , Mayland Diane M. , Kun Larry E. , Etcubanas Erlinda , Thompson Elizabeth I. , Gross Charles W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom 1962 through 1987, four children were diagnosed at our institution with primary germ cell malignancies of the extracranial head and neck regions. Ages of the children ranged from 2 to 44 months. Histologic findings included 2 yolk sac carcinoma (endodermal sinus tumor), 1 malignant teratoma with nephroblastoma (Wilm's tumor), and 1 malignant teratoma with neuroblastoma (primitive neuroectodermal) components. Complete clinical and surgical staging was performed to rule out additional sites of disease. All patients initially underwent either biopsy or, when technically feasible, resection. Three patients received combination chemotherapy and two received irradiation. Three patients died of progressive disease. One patient who had yolk sac carcinoma of the temporomandibular region is alive and free of disease 40 months after therapy. Complete surgical resection is indicated for teratomatous tumors, if technically feasible. The malignant components of these tumors are sensitive to both chemotherapy and irradiation and combined therapy may be beneficial.
Further studies on growth characteristics of epstein‐barr virus (EBV) genome‐positive and ‐negative epithelial hybrid cell lines
Authors: Takimoto Toru , Tanaka Saichiroh , Ishikawa Shigeru , Masuda Koh , Umeda Ryozo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDifferences in tumorigenicity between the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) genome‐negative and ‐positive epithelial A2L/AH hybrid cell lines have been described recently. Further differences in growth characteristics of the two epithelial hybrid cells have since been examined. Differences were found in doubling time and cloning efficiency in agarose of the two cell lines. In addition, the EBV genome‐negative epithelial hybrid cell line (cl‐654), unlike the EBV genome‐positive epithelial hybrid cell line (cl‐1), failed to grow in the unmanipulated nude mice, but was successfully transplanted in 60Co‐irradiated nude mice. The histopathologic findings of tumors induced by the inoculation of cl‐654 cells in nude mice showed more differentiated carcinoma than the findings of tumors induced by cl‐1 cells.The data suggest that EBV is associated with an alteration of cell differentiation in epithelial cells as well as tumorigenicity in nude mice.
Embolization in the treatment of epistaxis after failure of internal maxillary artery ligation
Authors: Breda Stephen D. , Persky Mark S. , Weiss Michael , Choi In Sup 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInternal maxillary artery ligation is effective in treating epistaxis. Occasionally a patient may continue to hemorrhage after this procedure. Evaluation of postoperative angiograms reveals several factors accounting for the failure of internal maxillary artery ligation. These factors include incomplete ligation of vessels, alternative dominance of vessels, and reconstitution of flow through collaterals. Eleven such patients have been successfully treated with angiography and embolization. There was one complication of skin slough in the region of the columella. Embolization is a useful modality in the management of these difficult cases.
Experimental replacement of the cervical esophagus in rats with a jejunal free transplantation
Authors: Uchida Léo , Harii Kiyonori 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHypopharynx and cervical‐esophageal reconstruction after malignant‐lesion removal has been a challenging problem for head and neck surgeons. The reconstructive technique has been developed over the years through several ingenious methods of replacement. As a result of recent refinements in microvascular anastomosis techniques, many studies concerning one‐stage, immediate cervical‐esophagus reconstruction have been reported.An experimental study on esophageal reconstruction has been developed using a free intestinal transplantation in two distinct strains of rats. One of the groups consisted of a heterogeneous population of Wistar rats and the other an inbred Lewis strain. In our study the Wistar group reacted as in allograft transplantations and developed an immunological rejection process. The Lewis strain reacted according to isogenic transplantations. The surviving rats were killed and microscopical studies of the reconstructed esophagus were performed.This study is a low‐cost, practical experimental model to achieve a better knowledge of the behavior of the transplanted organs.
Cytologic diagnosis of the maxillary sinus reevaluated
Authors: Nishioka Keiko , Masuda Yu , Yanagi Eriko , Yuen Koji , Ogura Yoshio , Tanaka Toshio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPreoperative cytologic diagnosis of the maxillary sinus was performed on 57 patients by examining of solutions obtained by local washing following sinus puncture. There were 6 cases of cancer (5 squamous cell carcinomas and 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma), 1 malignant melanoma, 1 odontoma, 8 aspergillosis, 1 inflammatory pseudotumor, 9 odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and conventional chronic sinusitis in residual cases. There were 2 false‐negative cytologies in the 7 cases of malignant tumor (i.e., 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma and 1 squamous cell carcinoma). The significance and usefulness of the cytologic approach to preoperative diagnosis of malignancies, including malignant melanoma and fungal infection were discussed.
Temporal and perceptual characteristics of tracheoesophageal voice
Authors: Williams Sarah E. , Scanio Tom S. , Ritterman Stuart I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study compared the temporal and perceptual characteristics of tracheoesophageal voice produced in four different prosthetic/occlusion conditions: 1. using the Blom‐Singer duckbill prosthesis and digital occlusion of the tracheostoma; 2. using the Blom‐Singer duckbill prosthesis and valve occlusion of the tracheostoma; 3. using the Blom‐Singer low‐pressure prosthesis and digital occlusion of the tracheostoma; and 4. using the Blom‐Singer low‐pressure prosthesis and valve occlusion of the tracheostoma. Characteristics of speech produced in each condition were also compared to those of normal speech. Results revealed significant differences between normal speech and tracheoesophageal speech (in all prosthetic/occlusion conditions) for several temporal and perceptual parameters. In addition, important trends were noted among tracheoesophageal prosthetic/occlusion conditions.
Chondrosarcoma of the epiglottis with regional and distant metastasis
Authors: Jacobs Robert D. , Harris Jeffrey P. , Stayboldt Carla 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChondrosarcoma of the epiglottis is extremely rare and there are no previously reported cases of this neoplasm with regional or distant metastases. The first case of this entity and its histopathologic considerations are presented. Accurate grading of this malignancy is essential, since a more poorly differentiated pathologic condition in these tumors indicates aggressive biologic properties consequently leading to frequent local recurrences and metastasis. This is evident in the present case in which, despite being free of local or regional recurrence for 3 years following a supraglottic laryngectomy and bilateral neck dissections, the patient developed pulmonary metastases. We support the use of conservative laryngeal surgery and modified neck dissections for this disease rather than partial resections or debulking procedures, since the histopathologic condition may not be fully recognized without microscopic analysis.