bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACTION OF CHINESE COURTS WITH THE ANTI-TORTURE LEGAL OBLIGATION UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE: A SOCIO-LEGAL NARRATIVE CRITIQUE ANALYSIS OF APPLICATION OF LAW AND LEGAL REASONING
Authors: Hai Mingming 
Published: February 2024

Background: The most of critique is based mainly on the previous literature, namely, that Chinese dynamic institutional structures’ silence may have exacerbated the miscarriage of justice and obtain illegal evidence in criminal proceedings in China. However, the fact that torture to extract confessions and maltreatment of prisoner’s cases involve judicial decision-making by Chinese hierarchical courts has been disregarded.

Objective: Taking China's outward telling and internal judicial reforms as starting positions, the article focuses on address the knowledge gap that torture to extract confessions and maltreatment of prisoner’s cases involving the application of law and legal reasoning regarding how Chinese domestic courts' actions is related to the interpretation of torture and domestic compliance with international conventions. The causes of action include torture to extract confessions, maltreatment of prisoners in criminal scenarios, and cases of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment involving detention in police custody (garde a vue) and outside custodial settings. The article also examines how Chinese hierarchical courts have implemented their judicial practice in accordance with international obligations to prohibit and prevent torture under United Nations Convention against Torture.

Methods: Process tracing is a qualitative research method that examines causal processes connecting results to potential causes form socio-legal perspectives, focusing on varying time stages. It is essential for within-case analysis based on qualitative data.

Implication: This article highlights the intricate relationship between the definition of torture in law in context in UNCAT and treaty compliance by China domestic court, addressing flaws in previous court decisions and responding to those points of view to gain a more in-depth understanding of the dynamics underlying cases of confessions extracted under torture, ill-treatment in prisons and outside custodial settings (garde a vue) in China's criminal judicial system.
Modification de la mention de sexe à l’état civil : quand les juges remédient (ponctuellement) aux lacunes de la loi
Authors: Mesnil Marie 
Published: February 2024

La loi du 18 novembre 2016 de modernisation de la justice au xxie siècle permet aux personnes majeures et mineures émancipées de demander à changer de mention de sexe à l’état civil même sans « avoir subi des traitements médicaux, une opération chirurgicale ou une stérilisation ». Il en résulte de nombreuses interrogations dans le silence de ce texte. Qu’en est-il des personnes mineures non émancipées : peuvent-elles prétendre à un changement de mention de sexe à l’état civil ? Qu’en est-il des conséquences du changement de la mention de sexe à l’état civil : une femme à l’état civil qui a conservé ses organes reproducteurs peut-elle être reconnue comme la mère de l’enfant lorsqu’elle a conçu l’enfant charnellement avec son épouse ? Qu’en est-il des hommes qui ont toujours la possibilité de mener une grossesse : peuvent-ils prétendre à un don de spermatozoïdes et être bénéficiaires, comme les femmes, d’une assistance médicale à la procréation ? Le législateur n’ayant apporté aucune réponse à ces questions, ce sont les juges qui ont été amenés à se prononcer dessus. Deux cours d’appel ont rendu des décisions remarquées au début de l’année 2022, dans lesquelles elles acceptent de pallier, ponctuellement, l’incurie du législateur. En dehors de ces deux cas d’espèce, la Cour de cassation, tout comme le Conseil constitutionnel refusent de se substituer au législateur et lui renvoient le soin de définir, de manière générale, les règles applicables en la matière.
Regard d’un sociologue des discriminations systémiques sur le procès France Télécom
Authors: Chappe Vincent-Arnaud 
Published: February 2024

Dans cet entretien, Vincent-Arnaud Chappe revient sur son parcours de chercheur comme sociologue du droit de la non-discrimination dans le monde du travail. Il défend notamment l’idée que les procès peuvent être des espaces où se donnent à entendre des descriptions critiques de l’organisation du travail, appuyées sur le savoir et les concepts des sciences sociales, et susceptibles de faire évoluer les catégories juridiques. Le développement récent de la notion de « discrimination systémique » dans le droit français est ainsi mis en regard avec la notion de « harcèlement institutionnel » telle qu’elle a été utilisée dans le procès France Télécom.
Educational intervention on oral cancer in high-risk patients between 35-59 years
Authors: Abraham-Millán Yoneisy , Montano-Silva Rosa María , Padín-Gámez Yanelilian , Crispin-Rodríguez Douglas , Leyva-Manso Lauren Danitza , Ortiz-Figueroa Ana Maura 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: mortality from oropharyngeal cancer ranked tenth among cancer types in Cuba in 2020 and 2021. Objective: to implement an educational intervention on oral cancer in high-risk patients between 35-59 years old. Method: an educational intervention with a quasi-experimental design, before-after type, was carried out in consulting room 19, La Demajagua, Isla de la Juventud between April-September 2023. The population was 126 patients, the sample being made up of 80 at high risk of oral cancer. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used and the variables were used: risk to predict oral cancer, risk factors, oral hygiene, teaching aids and level of knowledge about oral cancer, oral hygiene, risk factors and oral self-examination. Results: the risk of suffering from oral cancer was high in 63 % of the patients between 35-59 years old in the study office. Before the intervention, bad knowledge predominated, representing 48,7 % of the sample, managing to raise it to good after the intervention by 96,3 % . The Wilcoxon test demonstrated highly significant differences. Conclusions: the main risk factors were: poor oral hygiene, smoking, consumption of hot or spicy foods and stress. The use of the website contributed to raising knowledge about oral cancer, the main risk factors associated with its appearance and oral self-examination, allowing the transformation of modes of action and the evaluation of the educational intervention implemented in high-risk patients between 35 and 35 years old as satisfactory
Strengthening Substandard Road Materials with Nanoemulsion-Based Stabilisation: An Experimental Study
Authors: S. Okem Eche , N. Chilukwa Nathan , M.H. Mostafa Mohamed 
Published: February 2024

This study considered using nanotechnology-based products to stabilise and enhance the properties of a substandard quality road construction material. Two stabilisers, herein referenced as Nano-A and Nano-B, were utilised to stabilise a G6 gravel material with a California bearing ratio (CBR) of 25% and a Plasticity Index (PI) of 4%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests showed that the material contained 58% Quartz with 36.5% clay minerals in the fraction passing the 0.075 mm sieve. The impact of the stabilisers on the material was evaluated through CBR, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and indirect tensile strength (ITS) tests. The results revealed that both stabilisers significantly improved the bearing strength of the material by as much as 53 and 92% for Nano-A and Nano-B, respectively. Significant improvements were also noted in UCS and ITS results. The study also revealed that both rapid and 28-day curing conditions result in similar strength effects in the samples. Nano-B also showed great potential for improving the material’s hydrophobic properties as measured by the resistance to water damage. The research findings indicate an enhanced load-bearing capacity of the stabilised material, ensuring long-lasting pavement infrastructure. These enhancements demonstrate the effectiveness of Nano-A and Nano-B in improving the properties of substandard road construction materials. Tests on more substandard materials are recommended.
Commentaries: Teacher Performance Assessment
Authors: Smagorinsky Peter , Kottke Sean , Lents Arlene , McPhee Paula , Dodson Meredith , Leonard Peter , Swartz Claudinette (Didi) , Barker John 
Published: February 2024

Three commentaries center around the theme of teacher performance assessment. First, Peter Smagorinsky discusses growth through language arts and the conundrum of teacher assessment. Then Sean Kottke, Paula McPhee, Arlene Lents, and Meredith Dodson discuss the importance of community in teacher preparation. Finally, Peter Leonard, Claudinette (Didi) Swartz, and John Barker discuss performance assessments for teacher evaluation in the Chicago Public Schools.
Conversation Currents: Teaching ELA from an International Comparative Perspective: An Interview with Marc Tucker
Authors: Conley Mark , Seglem Robyn , Tucker Marc 
Published: February 2024

The Conversation Currents department is designed to provide diverse perspectives about key issues in education. The guest editors for this issue invited Marc Tucker to talk about his views on English language arts instruction in an international comparative context. Tucker is head of the National Center on Education and the Economy, the founder of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, and a frequent writer about international comparisons among countries with regard to their educational systems and educational achievement.
Feature: Unpredictable Journeys: Academically At-Risk Students, Developmental Education Reform, and the Two-Year College
Authors: Baird Giordano Joanne , Hassel Holly 
Published: February 2024

This article reports findings from a study of thirty-eight academically underprepared first-year students’ transition to college and maps out the challenges and successes they experienced in their transition to college-level reading, writing, and thinking.
Review Essay: Minimizing the Distance in Online Writing Courses through Student Engagement
Authors: Dockter Jason , Borgman Jessie 
Published: February 2024

Applied Pedagogies: Strategies for Online Writing Instruction, edited by Daniel Ruefman and Abigail G. Scheg. Boulder: UP of Colorado for Utah State UP, 2016. Print.

Foundational Practices of Online Writing Instruction, edited by Beth L. Hewett and Kevin Eric DePew. Fort Collins: WAC Clearinghouse and Parlor Press, 2015. Print.
A Position Statement of Principles and Example Effective Practices for Online Writing Instruction (OWI) by the CCCC Committee on Best Practices for Online Writing Instruction. Conference on College Composition and Communication. Mar. 2013. Web.
Potencial de producción de semilla de <i>Pinus montezumae</i> Lambert en el centro de México
Authors: Herrera-Hernández Raquel , López-Upton Javier , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Liliana , Ramírez-Herrera Carlos 
Published: February 2024

Los bosques que rodean las ciudades de México, Puebla y Tlaxcala son fuente de servicios ambientales para 25 millones de personas. Pinus montezumae Lambert es una especie abundante en la zona que está bajo presión antropocéntrica. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la capacidad de repoblamiento a través del análisis de indicadores reproductivos y su relación con 26 variables ambientales (clima, suelo) y ecológicas (densidad de árboles). En ocho poblaciones se recolectaron 10 conos sanos por árbol, de 15 árboles por población (1200 conos). Los datos se analizaron con las pruebas GLIMIX y Kruskal–Wallis, según el comportamiento de cada variable. Las correlaciones se estimaron por el método de Pearson y Spearman. Se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en todas las variables entre poblaciones y en 3 de 11 variables entre árboles. Se obtuvo un promedio 132 semillas desarrolladas por cono, 55% de ellas se encontraban llenas, 43% vanas y 2% plagadas. La eficiencia de producción, eficiencia reproductiva y el índice de endogamia fueron 0.33, 28.7 y 0.43, respectivamente. Algunas variables ambientales mostraron asociaciones con la producción de semilla. Se observó menor potencial de producción de semilla (r < -0.70) en poblaciones con elevada temperatura y baja precipitación, además de mayor peso de semilla al aumentar la temperatura media (r = 0.74). El peso de semilla disminuye a menor disponibilidad de materia orgánica (r = -0.94), mientras que suelos más ácidos poseen mayor potencial de producción de semilla (r = 0.76). La densidad no presentó correlación significativa con ninguna variable (p<0.05; r<±0.26). A pesar de la alta fragmentación y baja densidad de árboles en las poblaciones, los indicadores reproductivos no muestran deficiencia en la producción de semilla llena, siendo indicio de un correcto proceso de regeneración natural por semilla. El aumento sustancial de la temperatura y la reducción de la precipitación podría reducir la producción de semilla de la especie y su capacidad de repoblarse naturalmente. Esto advierte la necesidad de un manejo adecuado de los bosques bajo un escenario climático desfavorable, enfocado a la renovación de las poblaciones por medio de programas de reforestación.
Response of faba bean (Viciafaba L.) varieties to lime application in wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tsige Bekalu Abebe , Dechassa Nigussie , Tana Tamado , Laekemariam Fanuel , Alemayehu Yibekal 
Published: February 2024

Soil acidity and scarcity of faba bean varieties adapted to lower pH soils are major factors that limit faba bean production in Ethiopia. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find the lime rate and faba bean can improve the yield of the crop. Four rates of lime (0, 2, 4, and 6 t ha–1) and five-faba bean varieties (local, Dosha, Gebelecho, Tumsa, and Bobicho) were used as treatments, which laid out as CRD with six replications. The main and interaction effects of lime rates and varieties significantly (P < 0.05) influenced all growth, yield components, and yield parameters. Nevertheless, root morphological parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the main effects of the lime rate. Accordingly, the most significant high aboveground biomass of 47.92 g pot–1, and seed yields of (19.16 g pot–1) were obtained in response to the interaction of the Tumsa variety with 3 g pot–1lime rate (2 t ha–1). The lowest aboveground biomass of (32.08 g pot–1) and seed yield of (12.84 g pot–1) were obtained in response to the local variety planted with no lime application. Overall, in terms of seed yield, the Gebelcho and Tumsa varieties performed best by attaining their maximum seed yields in response to the application of 3 g lime pot–1 (2 t ha–1). Thus, 3 g pot–1 (2.0 t ha–1) liming rate with the Gebelcho and Tumsa varieties was found to be the best-combined treatment to improve the yield of the crop in the study area. The results of the study indicated the need to ameliorate soil acidity and select acid-tolerant faba bean varieties for enhancing the yield of the crop.
Assessing Knowledge And Attitude Of Hcws On Inter-Professional Education And Collaboration In Jizan Region; A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Abdulaziz Ali Ahmed Sharahili,  , Ali Ibrahim Noshili (corresponding author),  , Ahmad Shoi Mohammad Ogdi,  , Mousa Ali Mousa Ayashi,  , Fouad Mosa Getini,  , Ibrahim Sadiq Tohary,  , Muhannad Ali Aljabri,  , Madish Sadiq Tohari,  , Ali Mohammed Amery,  , Hassan Mohammad Tohary,  , Yahya Bahis Ali Hakami,  , Alwaleed Ali Yahya  
Published: February 2024

Background: Effective inter-professional collaboration is vital for optimizing healthcare outcomes. This study focuses on healthcare workers in the Jizan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and challenges concerning inter-professional collaboration.
Aim: The study aims to assess the current state of inter-professional collaboration among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Jizan Region, KSA, with a focus on understanding their knowledge levels, attitudes, identifying potential barriers, and examining the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and demographic factors.
Method: A descriptive and quantitative cross-sectional research design was employed, involving multidisciplinary healthcare teams in selected Jizan Region hospitals. Data were collected through a questionnaire measuring knowledge and attitudes, and analyses were conducted using SPSS version 28.
Findings and Results: The demographic profile of healthcare workers in Jizan, KSA, reveals a predominantly male workforce (90.6%) with diverse educational backgrounds, notably featuring a high percentage of Ph.D. holders (33.1%). Psychometrically validated scales indicate positive attitudes (M=44.40) and high knowledge levels (M=49.34) among participants, with positively skewed distributions. Healthcare professionals displayed overwhelmingly positive attitudes (207 out of 257) and high knowledge levels toward emphasizing a positive foundation for collaborative practices in the region.
Conclusion: The study contributes valuable insights to the KSA healthcare context, indicating a positive foundation for inter-professional collaboration. Recommendations include tailored training programs and interventions addressing communication barriers. Limitations, such as the cross-sectional nature of the study, should be considered in interpreting the results.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF WOMEN UTILIZING FOCUSED ANTENATAL CARE AND MATERNAL COMPLICATIONS IN PUBLIC COUNTY HOSPITALS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mukhwana R.M , Margaret N.K , Meshack O 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Focused Antenatal Care is antenatal care that provides individualized counseling, targeted assessment and provides safe, cost effective, and evidence-based intervention.
Aim: This study aimed at investigating the knowledge and attitude of women utilizing Focused Antenatal Care associated with maternal complications in selected public county hospitals in Nairobi City County, Kenya.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study design. A sample of 397 postnatal women interviewed for the study. Kenyatta University Ethics and Review Committee (KUERC) approved the study and the National Commission issued the permit for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI). Permission to collect data obtained from the participating hospitals. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 22.0) Inferential statistics were done using Chi Square tests to determine the association between study variables at 95% confidence interval (p<0.05).
Results: The study results revealed that 30% of respondents reported to have encountered a maternal complication during their current delivery outcome. The study results further revealed that 54.7% of respondents had high knowledge levels with 63.7% having positive attitude towards FANC utilization. Knowledge level was significantly associated (p=0.017) with maternal complications among respondents.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the respondents from Nairobi City County had relatively low maternal complications. The respondents further had high knowledge levels and positive attitude towards FANC utilization.
Recommendation: Scaling up male sensitization and awareness programs towards improved transfer of correct knowledge on FANC thus signify importance of seeking such services while pregnant.
backbone of Latin America: recent developments and new directions in anthropometric history
Authors: López-Alonso Moramay 
Published: February 2024

This article examines scholarship in the anthropometric history of Latin America, published after the
last survey in 2016. The field has grown in diverse senses: there are studies for countries that had not been studied before, such as Bolivia, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Trinidad, and the scholarship covers broader periods and in more detail for those countries that were first studied such as Argentina, Colombia, Mexico and especially Chile. New methodologies are used to examine height data and its determinants beyond the traditional realm of anthropometric history, such as gender dimorphism, nutrition, and Technophysio evolution. The approach has also led to assessing the effects of immigration and violence on living stan- dards. This growing scholarship contributes to deepening our understanding of the region’s socioeconomic aspects of stature, inequality, and welfare. More historical analysis would help to further our knowledge of the context in which these processes evolved in different periods for different countries. The field can expand and be part of debates on these topics beyond Latin America in many ways.
Mortevivum
Authors: Brown Kimberly Juanita 
Published: February 2024

A powerful examination of the unsettling history of photography and its fraught relationship to global antiblackness.
Since photography's invention, black life has been presented as fraught, short, agonizingly filled with violence, and indifferent to intervention: living death—mortevivum—in a series of still frames that refuse a complex humanity. In Mortevivum, Kimberly Juanita Brown shows us how the visual logic of documentary photography and the cultural legacy of empire have come together to produce the understanding that blackness and suffering—and death—are inextricable. Brown traces this idea from the earliest images of the enslaved to the latest newspaper photographs of black bodies, from the United States and South Africa to Haiti and Rwanda, documenting the enduring, pernicious connection between photography and a global history of antiblackness.
Photography's history, inextricably linked to colonialism and white supremacy, is a catalog of othering, surveillance, and the violence of objectification. In the genocide in Rwanda, for instance, photographs after the fact tell viewers that blackness comes with a corresponding violence that no human intervention can abate. In Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere, photographic “evidence” of its sovereign failure suggests that the formerly enslaved cannot overthrow their masters and survive to tell the tale. And in South Africa and the United States, a loop of racial violence reminds black subjects of their lower-class status mandated via the state. Illustrating the global nature of antiblackness that pervades photographic archives of the present and the past, Mortevivum reveals how we live in a repetition of imagery signaling who lives and who dies on a gelatin silver print—on a page in a book, on the cover of newspaper, and in the memory of millions.
Mortevivum is the inaugural title of On Seeing, a new publication series devoted to visual literacy. Publications foreground the political agency, critical insight, and social impact inscribed in visuality and representation. The MIT Press will publish each On Seeing volume as a print book, ebook, and open access digital edition created by Brown University Digital Publications.
The URL for this publication is https://on-seeing-mortevivum.org/.