bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of acceptability regions by means of an interval arithmetic‐based algorithm
Authors: Spagnuolo G. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo introduce an interval arithmetic (IA)‐based approach to tolerance analysis and design and to yield evaluation. The technique distinguishes itself by its reliability in the detection of even non convex and/or non simply connected regions of acceptability.Design/methodology/approachRange methods, and IA among them, inherently allow the evaluation of an overestimation of the true range spanned by a performance function of a given system because of variation of its parameters values. Such a feature is of great help in performing the robust design of any system, that is, in doing the placement of the design set within the region of acceptability, even in the presence of tolerances and parameters values drifts.FindingsThe IA‐based branch and bound numerical procedure proposed in the paper has shown its reliability and robustness during the tolerance analysis of systems exhibiting quite involved regions of acceptability.Research limitations/implicationsMany remarks are reported in the paper to complete the research and extend it to a larger class of problems.Practical implicationsThe procedure might be built into simulation environments in order to help the designer in dominating tolerances effects.Originality/valueThis paper shares in suggesting the use of a powerful tool, i.e. range methods, in the area of tolerance design and reliability.
Electromagnetic plane wave scattering from building surfaces
Authors: Delfino F. , Girdinio P. , Minervini L. , Nervi M. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo provide a detailed investigation about methods commonly used for the computation of high‐frequency electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of obstacles that can reflect or diffract them. This is useful to create an elementary block that can be used to evaluate with a high accuracy the propagation of high‐frequency electromagnetic waves in real urban environment.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is based on a realistic application of the asymptotic theory of the uniform theory of diffraction. Therefore, the effect of material roughness and its electromagnetic properties on the reflection are taken into account.FindingsProvides information about the mechanisms involved in electromagnetic field propagation in urban environment, and the relative importance of each one.Research limitations/implicationsIn urban environment the buildings obviously have finite dimensions. The diffraction equations examined in the paper are strictly valid only in the case of infinite wedges; therefore, the behaviour of real building edges has not been taken rigorously into account.Practical implicationsA source of information for researchers interested in the development of a simulator for the electromagnetic propagation in urban environment.Originality/valueThis paper is aimed at providing to researchers, in a more comprehensive way, all information needed for the study of electromagnetic propagation in an environment containing many close scatterers.
Evaluation of UPFC and ASVC applied to nonlinear load model
Authors: Qader M.R. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeUnified power flow controller (UPFC) and advanced static VAR compensator (ASVC) devices are now recognized as the most important flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices. This paper aims to focus on this.Design/methodology/approachThe effects of the location of such installation FACTS devices are examined.FindingsThe UPFC as a voltage regulator and ASVC devices applied to a non‐linear load are modeled and analyzed. It was found that the optimum installation position for a UPFC device is at the sending end bus where wide range of receiver terminal line voltage and active power can be controlled. However, it was also found that the optimum installation position for an ASVC device is at the receiving end bus where a wide range of receiver terminal line voltage and active power can be controlled. In both cases, it was found that a wider range of reactive power could be controlled when the devices are installed closer to the receiving end bus.Originality/valueShows that the mid‐point of a transmission line is the optimal location for some FACTS devices or reactive power support. The proof is based on a fixed receiving end voltage magnitude, which is practically not valid.
A comparison of numerical solutions of fourth‐order boundary value problems
Authors: Inc M. , Cherruault Y. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo use the modified decomposition method to obtain numerical solutions of fourth‐order boundary value problems.Design/methodology/approachThe modified form of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) originated by Wazwaz in 1997/1998 is considered and applied. In addition, a comparison of the modified decomposition method and the perturbed collocation method when applied to the solutions of fourth‐order boundary value problems is presented.FindingsThe comparison of these two methods has shown that the modified or standard decomposition methods are reliable, efficient and easy to use for solving higher‐order boundary value problems.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides both an analysis of the method as well as a comparison of the numerical solutions of fourth‐order boundary value problems. Future research in the application of this methodology to other areas should prove productive.Practical implicationsThe numerical results, using the modified technique, were obtained from selected fourth‐order boundary value problems which were linear and non‐linear problems.Originality/valueAssesses, by comparison, methods for the numerical solutions of fourth‐order boundary value problems. Shows through original numerical results the value of the modified or standard decomposition methods in the solution of these problems.
The Alienor method coupled to the Brent algorithm
Authors: Ziadi Abdelkader , Khelladi Samia , Cherruault Yves 
Published: January 2007

PurposeClassical multidimensional global optimization methods are difficult to implement in high dimensions. To show that the Alienor method coupled with the Brent algorithm can avoid this difficulty.Design/methodology/approachUse is made of the Alienor method and the Brent algorithm to obtain algorithms that were applied to test functions having several local minima.FindingsInteresting results concerning the number of evaluation points were obtained. It was shown that this coupling can be improved if α‐dense curves of minimal length were used.Research limitations/implicationsMultidimensional global optimization problems have proven to be difficult to implement in high dimensions. This research continues the search for improved methods by coupling existing established methods such as Alienor with others such as the Brent algorithm.Originality/valueA new coupled method has been developed and algorithms obtained to tackle such global optimization problems. The coupling is unique and the algorithms are tested numerically on selected functions.
Solving constrained global optimization problems without penalty parameters
Authors: Konfe Balira O. , Cherruault Yves , Some Blaise 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo propose a new method for solving constrained global optimization problems using a method that consists of transforming a constrained global optimization problem into an unconstrained one without using any penalty coefficients.Design/methodology/approachUse of an unconstrained global optimization method such as the Alienor method which has been adapted for several variables.FindingsUse of the adapted Alienor method allowed the solution of the transformed problem with little difficulty.Research limitations/implicationsTransforms the original objective function into a new one involves the introduction of some extra parameters. Cannot guarantee the convergence to a global solution of the original problem. The simple described approach, provides new possibilities.Practical implicationsNo further parameters introduced in this new approach, and no conditions or hypotheses are imposed on the objective function or on the constraints.Originality/valueNew method of transforming a constrained problem into an unconstrained one, with use of proven Alienor method adapted to several variables.
Pharmacokinetic parameters identification using the combined Alienor/Adomian methods
Authors: Zaidi Z. , Bezzina M. , Cherruault Y. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeA two‐compartmental open model to study metabolism/elimination that arise in clinical observation and pharmacokinetics, is presented. The purpose of this work is to show how it is possible to combine the two methods of Alienor and Adomian with observability identification and controllability principles to optimize drug doses.Design/methodology/approachCliniciansa try to know how to detect patients at high risk of 5‐Fu (intravnous administration). The approach is to use a two‐compartmental open model to study its metabolism/elimination and assume that it has a nonlinear behaviour. The methodology chosen brings together two proven techniques to solve the arising differential system. A case study “5‐Fu pharmacokinetics” provides an illustrative application of the combined methods.FindingsOn the basis of the numerical results obtained in the case study it was found that a chart could be set up for individual dose adjustment according to individual parameters relating to dose and plasma concentration. The use of mathematical modeling in this field was shown to be justified.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is especially important in the pharmaceutical industry since it allows the prediction of drug behaviour in the body. In future work, we will consider the controllability of this problem.Practical implicationsImproved mathematical modelling would allow physicians to treat patients in an optimal way without compromising their comfort or safety. The practitioner would need only to follow a specified procedure.Originality/valueThe new procedure will be especially important to the pharmaceutical industry and this methodology, combined with statistical analysis, will help to improve drug benefits.
New results about the identifiability of linear open bicompartmental homogeneous system and the identification of open Michaelis‐Menten system by a linear approach
Authors: Hebri B. , Cherruault Y. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo prove two results. Namely that if in a linear homogeneous bicompartmental system one compartment is measured then it is indefinable. The second one is related to the identification of non‐linear compartmental models by mean of a linear method.Design/methodology/approachThe first result is generalized to linear non‐homogeneous bicompartmental systems of Michaelis‐Menten (M‐M systems). The second one is related to the identification of a non‐linear compartmental model. The obtained linear system is not homogeneous and must be generalized to nonhomogeneous systems. Then the Jacobian matrix associated to the M‐M systems is identified and the M‐M parameters are deduced by continuity from the Cauchy problem's solution.FindingsBoth stated results were proved and any open linear bicompartmental system whether homogeneous or not, of the type I is identifiable.Research limitations/implicationsIn compartmental analysis the exchange hypothesis allows us to represent a model of any phenomenon depending on time. Many phenomena require “the enzyme reactions” leading to the M‐M laws. These laws assert that the quantity of matter going from compartment can be defined and M‐M constants prescribed. This research considers both homogeneous and nonhomogeneous systems cases.Practical implicationsContributes to the identification of linear and non‐linear bicompartmental systems which are of biocybernetical significance.Originality/valueThe two proven results are new and applicable.
Combined Adomian/Alienor methods for solving adaptive control problems in chemotherapy
Authors: Zaidi Z. , Twizell E.H. , Cherruault Y. , Meulemans A. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo show how the combined Adomian/Alienor methods for solving adaptive control problems can successfully be applied to chemotherapy.Design/methodology/approachProblem formulation is first developed and combined mathematical methods (Adomian/Alienor) are used for the solution of non‐linear differential equations/systems with unknown parameters and without discretization or linearization. The approach is applied to biological systems and in particular the drug/tumour two compartment model is addressed.FindingsA general abstract framework for the identification and the control of a non‐linear evolution system has been developed. It was found that it is possible to identify and control a system using a powerful technique based on a combination of the Adomian/Alienor methods. This produced a methodology which showed its superiority over the traditional methods in that as a result of their implementation we can predict and optimize the individual dosage in the described application.Research limitations/implicationsThe combined techniques proved to be successful for the optimization of drug administration where account is taken of effectiveness, usefulness and safety. Further research collaboration between multidisciplinary scientists and practitioners directed towards more insight into drug/cancerous cells behaviour is required.Practical implicationsAn alternative to other classical techniques to solve control/identification problems has been produced.Originality/valueNew combined technique given which is superior to traditional ones for certain therapeutic cases.
Systems theory and the science of military command and control
Authors: Skyttner Lars 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo propose a new military academic area called the “Science of Military Command and Control” which will demand an entirely new way of thinking regarding decision‐making command and control and use of modern technology.Design/methodology/approachDefines basic terms and concepts of the discipline and a meta‐theory consisting of General Systems Theory and its related areas is presented.FindingsThree main perspectives are recommended where the first is General Systems Theory, the second is the Cybernetics Regulatory Paradigm and the third is Communication and Information Theory. The components of military command and control system were analysed and a general model for information system development recommended.Research limitations/implicationsCurrent thinking in favour of a “network‐defense” that is based on information and communication technology has changed the traditional perspective. New thinking and research development is required. New research using scientific approach is needed.Practical implicationsShows that the old and exact strategies for Swedish defence has totally changed. New military academic area is proposed and a general model outlined.Originality/valueProposes a new way of thinking which will affect future military planning. A cybernetic/systemic methodology provides solutions.
Systemic philosophy and the philosophy of social science – Part I
Authors: Johannessen Jon‐Arild , Olaisen Johan 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo discuss systemic thinking in relation to the naturalistic and anti‐naturalistic position in the philosophy of social science. To develop the theme in two parts: I and II.Design/methodology/approachA cybernetic approach is taken and a discussion on what is the foundation for the philosophy of social science for systemic thinking is developed.FindingsThe findings for Part I are that the rationalistic view of knowledge is based on reflection and reason. The empirical viewpoint on knowledge based on observations. The realistic view of knowledge is based on the link between the rationalistic and the empirical point of view. The systemic viewpoint is based on the realistic view of knowledge.Practical implicationsProvided assistance to social scientists who study social systems from the systemic or cybernetic point of view. Gives researchers studying problems/phenomena in social systems a systemic viewpoint.Originality/valueIt positioned systemic thinking in relation to the philosophy of social science.
Cybernetics and systems on the web: internet newsletters
Authors: Andrew Alex M. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeAttention is drawn to an announcement of two publications relating to the work of Humberto Maturana, and to a new online encyclopedia of systems and cybernetics. The latter uses Wikimedia technology for free interaction, and this is discussed. Advice on combating spyware and other forms of malware is reviewed, as well as surveys of how to make computers quieter in operation, and of the worrying question of when to switch off between periods of use.Design/methodology/approachThe aim is to review developments on the internet, especially those of general cybernetic interest.FindingsSome of the developments reported have research value, while others bear on practical aspects of computer use and internet access.Practical implicationsThe comments on security may prompt urgent action by readers. Otherwise the implications are for access to information and for computer quietness and economy.Originality/valueIt is hoped this is a valuable periodic review.
Semantic category theory cognition and conceptual reference
Authors: St Quinton John G. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeIdentifying the fundamental characteristics of meaning and deriving an automated meaning‐analysis procedure for machine intelligence.Design/methodology/approachSemantic category theory (SCT) is an original testable scientific theory, based on readily available data: not assumptions or axioms. SCT can therefore be refuted by irreconcilable data: not opinion.FindingsHuman language involves four totally independent semantic categories (SC), each of which has its own distinctive form of “Truth”. Any sentence that assigns the characteristics of one SC to another SC involves what is termed here “Semantic Intertwine”. Semantic intertwine often lies at the core of semantic ambiguity, sophistry and paradox: problems that have plagued human reason since antiquity.Research limitations/implicationsSCT is applicable to any endeavour involving human language. Research applications are therefore somewhat extensive. For example, identifying metaphors posing as science, or natural language processing/translation, or solving disparate paradox types, as illustrated by worked examples from: The Liar Group, Sorites Inductive, Russell's Set Theoretic and Zeno's Paradoxes.Practical implicationsTo interact successfully with human language, behaviour, and belief systems, as well as their own environment, intelligent machines will need to resolve the semantic component/intertwines of any sentence. Semantic category analysis (SCA), derived from SCT, and also described here, can be used to analyse any sentence or argument, however complex.Originality/valueBoth SCT and SCA are original. Whilst “category error” is an intuitive notion, the observably precise nature, number and modes of interaction of such categories have never previously been presented. With SCT/SCA the rigorous analysis of any argument, whether foisted, valid, or obfuscating, is now possible: by man or machine.
Bipolar logic and probabilistic interpretation
Authors: Oussalah Mourad 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to answer the question “can the bipolar Negative‐Neutral‐Positive logic be extended and motivated in some probabilistic framework?”Design/methodology/approachUsing the context of cognitive map interpretation of the conjunction and disjunction connectives in bipolar logic, three probabilistic causal reasoning have been put forward. The first one is based on the infinitesimal representation of material implication while the second one relies on the qualitative representation developed by Suppes and Cartwright. In both cases special conditions for transitivity of inference and multiple inputs scenarios are examined. The third developed approach implicitly omits the cognitive interpretation and rather relies on the idea that the causal independence structure can be substituted by some functional that combines independent inputs in such a way to force the output to be in full agreement with results expected through the conjunctive and disjunctive connectives.FindingsThe paper reports several theoretical findings regarding the different conditions ensuring the agreement and equivalence between the bipolar logic connectives and their probabilistic counterparts for each proposal. The paper also provides useful insights to link the finding to probabilistic argumentation system where pro and con arguments are considered simultaneously.Originality/valueThe paper offers theoretical basis for researchers investigating different categories of logics and contribute to the discussion linking logic to probability.
Cooperative clans
Authors: Griffiths Nathan 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo provide a mechanism for agents to form, maintain, and reason within medium‐term coalitions, called clans, based upon the notions of trust and motivation.Design/methodology/approachThe model is based upon the notions of trust (representing an agent's assessment of another's honesty and reliability) and motivations (which represent an agent's high‐level goals). The paper describes the motivational factors that can lead to clan formation, a mechanism for agents to form a clan or join an existing clan, and subsequently how clan membership influences behaviour (in particular though sharing information and acting on behalf of other members). Finally, describes the conditions under which agents leave a clan.FindingsThe proposed mechanism shows how agents can form medium‐term clans with trusted agents based on motivations that are essentially self‐interested. It is shown how this mechanism can be used to reduce missed opportunities for cooperation, improve scalability, reduce the failure rate and allow sharing of trust information (i.e. establish a notion of reputation).Originality/valueProposes a new approach to coalition formation based on the notions of trust and motivation, which allows self‐interested agents to form medium‐term coalitions (called clans) to increase their own (motivational) returns.
Intelligent agents and distributed models for cooperative task support
Authors: Patel R. , Mitchell R.J. , Warwick K. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo describe some research done, as part of an EPSRC funded project, to assist engineers working together on collaborative tasks.Design/methodology/approachDistributed finite state modelling and agent techniques are used successfully in a new hybrid self‐organising decision making system applied to collaborative work support. For the particular application, analysis of the tasks involved has been performed and these tasks are modelled. The system then employs a novel generic agent model, where task and domain knowledge are isolated from the support system, which provides relevant information to the engineers.FindingsThe method is applied in the despatch of transmission commands within the control room of The National Grid Company Plc (NGC) – tasks are completed significantly faster when the system is utilised.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper describes a generic approach and it would be interesting to investigate how well it works in other applications.Practical implicationsAlthough only one application has been studied, the methodology could equally be applied to a general class of cooperative work environments.Originality/valueOne key part of the work is the novel generic agent model that enables the task and domain knowledge, which are application specific, to be isolated from the support system, and hence allows the method to be applied in other domains.