bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexpected inhibitory regulation of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals by presynaptic 5‐hydroxytryptamine‐2A receptors
Authors: Wang Su‐Jane , Wang Kai‐Yun , Wang Wei‐Chieh , Sihra Talvinder S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPresynaptic 5‐HT2Areceptor modulation of glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes) was investigated by using the 5‐HT2A/2Creceptor agonist (±)‐1‐[2,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐iodophenyl]‐2‐aminopropane (DOI). DOI potently inhibited 4‐aminopyridine (4AP)‐evoked glutamate release. Involvement of presynaptic 5‐HT2Areceptors in this modulation of 4AP‐evoked release was confirmed by blockade of the DOI‐mediated inhibition by the 5‐HT2Areceptor antagonist ketanserin but not by the 5‐HT2Creceptor antagonist RS102221. Inhibition of glutamate release by DOI was associated with a reduction of 4AP‐evoked depolarization and downstream elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]C) mediated via P/Q‐ and N‐type voltage‐dependent Ca2+channels (VDCCs). In contrast to the DOI effect on 4AP‐evoked release, the agonist had no effect on high external [K+] (30 mM)‐induced (KCl) stimulation of VDCCs or glutamate release. Likewise, release mediated by direct Ca2+entry with Ca2+ionophore (ionomycin) or by hypertonic sucrose was unaffected by DOI. Mechanistically, DOI modulation of 4AP‐evoked glutamate release appeared to involve a phospholipase C/protein kinase C signaling cascade, insofar as pretreatment of synaptosomes with the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 or protein kinase C inhibitors Ro320432 or GF109203X all effectively occluded the inhibitory effect of the agonist. Together, these results suggest that presynaptic 5‐HT2Areceptors present on glutamatergic terminals effect an unexpected depression of glutamate release by negatively modulating nerve terminal excitability and downstream VDCC activation through a signaling cascade involving phospholipase C/protein kinase C. These observations invoke presynaptic inhibitory 5‐HT2Areceptor function as a potential target for drugs to mitigate the effects of excessive glutamatergic transmission. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early postnatal chronic inflammation produces long‐term changes in pain behavior and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor subtype gene expression in the central nervous system of adult mice
Authors: Blom Joan M.C. , Benatti C. , Alboni S. , Capone G. , Ferraguti C. , Brunello N. , Tascedda F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe objective of this study was to test whether postnatal chronic inflammation resulted in altered reactivity to pain later in life when reexposed to the same inflammatory agent and whether this alteration correlated with brain‐region‐specific patterns of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtype gene expression. Neonatal mouse pups received a single injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or saline into the left hind paw on postnatal day 1 or 14. At 12 weeks of age, both neonatal CFA‐ and saline‐treated animals received a unilateral injection of CFA in the left hind paw. Adult behavioral responsiveness of the left paw to a radiant heat source was determined in mice treated neonatally with saline or CFA before and after receiving CFA as adults. Twenty‐four hours later, brains were dissected and NMDA receptor subunit gene expression was determined in four different brain areas by using an RNase protection assay. The results indicated that NMDA receptor subtype gene expression in adult mice exposed to persistent neonatal peripheral inflammation was brain region specific and that NMDA gene expression and pain reactivity differed according to the day of neonatal CFA exposure. Similarly, adult behavioral responsiveness to a noxious radiant heat source differed according to the age of neonatal exposure to CFA. The data suggest a possible molecular basis for the hypothesis that chronic persistent inflammation experienced early during development may permanently alter the future behavior and the sensitivity to pain later in life, especially in response to subsequent or recurrent inflammatory events. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of productivity and volatile compound quality of Artemisia absinthium L. planted in Valle Camonica (Italy)
Authors: Bononi Monica , Giorgi Anna , Cocucci Maurizio , Tateo Fernando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis work shows results from a check on Artemisia absinthium L. productivity in Valle Camonica (Italy). The aim of this check was to demonstrate whether products of adequately consistent quality may be obtained when using specific implant material with invariable variety characteristics. Altitude, Maipex mulch treatment and soil characteristics appear to influence the production data: in particular, at altitudes of 1000 m asl and higher the mean production results increased, and a lower level of Ca and cation exchange capacity have a negative effect on Maipex treatment. On the other hand, no differences correlated to altitude were found for representative volatile compounds in free soil, and a non‐significance of differences in quantitative composition of volatile compounds may be assumed. The limited variability of the volatile fraction guarantees sufficient botanical equivalence of the various products. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Ileal amino acid digestibility of some novel dietary protein sources for growing chickens
Authors: Ravindran Velmurugu , Morel Patrick CH 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe apparent ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids in five high‐protein ingredients (casein, isolated soyprotein, maize gluten meal, spray‐dried bovine plasma (SBP) and spray‐dried porcine plasma (SPP)) and soybean meal were determined using 3‐week‐old broiler chickens. The amino acids in casein were highly digestible. Isolated soyprotein was also well digested by the birds, but the digestibility coefficients of all amino acids in isolated soyprotein were lower (P < 0.05) than those in casein. The amino acid digestibility coefficients in isolated soyprotein were greater (P < 0.05) than those in soybean meal, which may be reflective of reduced concentrations of anti‐nutritive factors, particularly indigestible oligosaccharides. The digestibilities of amino acids in maize gluten meal were higher (P < 0.05) than those in soybean meal, except for the digestibilities of arginine, histidine, threonine and aspartic acid, which were similar (P > 0.05) between the two protein sources. The ileal digestibilities of all indispensable amino acids in SBP and SPP were lower (P < 0.05) than those in casein and isolated soybean meal but higher (P < 0.05) than those in soybean meal. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the digestibility of amino acids between SBP and SPP. The overall mean amino acid digestibility coefficients of casein, isolated soyprotein, soybean meal, maize gluten meal, SBP and SPP were 0.955, 0.888, 0.823, 0.849, 0.860 and 0.856 respectively. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of a flax seed (Linum usitatissimum) soaking treatment on the frozen storage stability of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) fillets
Authors: Aubourg Santiago P , Stodolnik Ludmiła , Stawicka Aneta , Szczepanik Grzegorz 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of a flax seed (Linum usitatissimum) soaking on the development of rancidity in frozen mackerel (Scomber scombrus) was studied. Fresh mackerel fillets were soaked in an aqueous flax seed extract for 20 min and then kept frozen (−20 °C) for up to 7 months. A parallel experiment with non‐soaked fillets was carried out under the same conditions. The development of rancidity was measured by biochemical (free fatty acids, peroxides, conjugated dienes and trienes, secondary oxidation products, fluorescent and browning compounds and lipoxygenase activity) and sensory (general aspect, odour and colour) analyses. An inhibitory effect of the soaking treatment on rancidity development was observed according to the peroxide content and the formation of fluorescence and browning. A lower lipoxygenase activity was detected at 1 month in the soaked fillets; after this, no differences were obtained between either type of sample, whose activities at month 7 were negligible. According to the sensory analyses, non‐soaked fillets had fair quality at 1 month and were rejectable at 3 months, while the soaked ones were still of good quality at 1 month and rejectable at 5 months. According to the present results, soaking in an aqueous flax seed extract could be useful for inhibiting the development of rancidity in fatty fish fillets. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
TURP and low‐energy TUMT treatment in men with LUTS suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction selected by means of pressure‐flow studies: 8‐year follow‐up
Authors: Vesely Stepan , Knutson Tomas , Damber Jan‐Erik , Dicuio Mauro , Dahlstrand Christer 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the long‐term outcome of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), when allocation to the treatment‐group was based on urodynamic diagnosis of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).MethodsA total of 231 elderly men with symptomatic BPH were treated either by TURP or by low‐energy TUMT. A pressure‐flow study was performed to detect the obstruction and to help in the selection of the two treatments. The patients were examined at baseline then checked again after 2 and 8 years.ResultsAt 2 years of follow‐up there was a significant improvement for both IPSS and QoL (P < 0.0001) in both groups of treatment. This was accompanied by a significant improvement (P < 0.0001) in the maximum flow rate from 10.0 (5.8) to 16.4 (7.6) in the TURP group and from 12.1 (5.2) to 14.9 (5.7) in the TUMT group. These findings persisted at 8 years, they were, however, more pronounced after TURP. The overall retreatment rate reached a value of 11% in the TURP group and 27% in the TUMT group, respectively. At the follow‐up, 95% of the patients who underwent TURP and 70% of the patients treated by TUMT claimed to be satisfied with that choice.ConclusionsWith durable symptomatic improvement and lowest retreatment rate, TURP still presents a standard treatment option for patients with severe BOO. Low‐energy TUMT has sufficiently relieved patients' symptoms and can be offered to less obstructed patients as an alternative. Neurourol. Urodynam. 25:770–775, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urethral pressure reflectometry; a novel technique for simultaneous recording of pressure and cross‐sectional area in the female urethra
Authors: Klarskov Niels , Lose Gunnar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsUrethral pressure reflectometry (UPR) is a new and easily applicable technique for simultaneous measurements of cross‐sectional area (CA) and pressure in the urethra. CAs of 1–16 mm2 and pressures of 0–200 cm H2O can be measured along the entire urethra in the same setting. The method is reliable in vitro. The aim was to present the method and some clinical results from the female urethra.MethodsA very thin polyurethane‐bag was placed in the urethra. A pump applied preselected pressures stepwise to the bag. For every step the CA was measured by acoustic reflectometry. Measurements were made both during inflation and deflation. The women were examined in different positions and with different provocations.ResultsUPR was easy to perform. The obtained parameters were opening pressure, closing pressure, elastance of the opening curve and closing curve, and hysteresis.ConclusionsUPR is feasible for measuring urethral pressure and corresponding CA. The technique is minimally invasive and with minimal impact on the urethra per se. The technique provides physiological sound parameters which add potentially important physiological/pathophysiological information about the urethra to what can be obtained on the basis of conventional urodynamic work‐up. Further studies are needed to prove if this new method is useful for clinical and research purposes. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:254–261, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation between urodynamics and perineal ultrasound in female patients with urinary incontinence
Authors: Minardi D. , Piloni V. , Amadi A. , El Asmar Z. , Milanese G. , Muzzonigro G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsWe performed urodynamics and perineal ultrasound in female patients with urinary incontinence to assess morphology and function of the bladder base‐urethra complex and of the detrusor muscle, and to find the correlation between these investigations in the diagnosis of (a) bladder neck and urethral hypermobility and (b) detrusor overactivity; we wanted to compare the tolerabililty of the urodynamic investigation and of the perineal ultrasound.MethodsWe considered 66 female patients referred to our outpatient clinic for urinary incontinence; we also studied 14 healthy control patients. After accurate case‐history collection and physical examination, urodynamic investigation and perineal ultrasound were performed, with recording of parameters specific to both investigations. The statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, and Spearman correlation test. The tolerability index between the diagnostic investigations performed was assessed by a 3‐point scale suggested by the patient.ResultsIn patients with stress incontinence the posterior urethro‐vesical angle, the angle of urethral inclination, and the proximal pubo‐urethral distance are significantly different under stress compared to the resting phase; in patients with urge incontinence, the detrusor wall is thicker and is accompanied by an increase in opening detrusor pressure and detrusor pressure at maximum flow; it is also accompanied by detrusor overactivity with increased urethral functional length. Increased urethral functional length is suggested on axial US images by alteration of its normal characteristic target‐like appearance with four concentric rings of different echogenicity. In all cases the tolerability of perineal ultrasound has been higher than that of urodynamics.ConclusionsThere is a good correlation between urodynamic and perineal ultrasound in the diagnosis of bladder neck and urethral hypermobility; perineal ultrasound can also be useful in the diagnosis of urge incontinence. Functional compressive urethral obstruction can be diagnosed on the basis of the ultrasound aspect of the urethral sphincter. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:176–182, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison between reduction in 24‐hour pad weight, International Consultation on Incontinence‐Short Form (ICIQ‐SF) score, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and Post‐Operative Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I) score in patient evaluation after male perineal sling
Authors: Twiss Christian O. , Fischer Melissa C. , Nitti Victor W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsWe assessed the utility of three self‐assessment instruments: the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form (ICIQ‐SF), the post‐operative Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I) score, and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) by correlating them with an objective outcome, the change in 24‐hr pad weight, after a male perineal sling.MethodsTwenty‐six men with urodynamically confirmed stress incontinence underwent a male perineal sling. Patients were evaluated pre‐operatively and post‐operatively with a 24‐hr pad test, IPSS and ICIQ‐SF. Patients also completed the PGI‐I post‐operatively. Changes in study parameters were compared via the paired t‐test, and correlations were performed using Spearman's rho.ResultsThere were significant reductions in 24‐hr pad weight (−274 g, P < 0.001), percentage 24‐hr pad weight (54.2%), ICIQ‐SF score (−6.3, P < 0.001), and the three ICIQ‐SF subscores (−1.2, −1.7, −3.4 for Questions 3, 4, and 5, respectively, P < 0.001 for all). The change in total ICIQ‐SF score and the post‐operative PGI‐I score correlated strongly with percentage reduction in 24‐hr pad weight (r = −0.68, P < 0.001; r = −0.81, P < 0.001, respectively) and with each other (r = 0.79, P < 0.001). The change in all three ICIQ‐SF subscores correlated significantly with percentage reduction in 24‐hr pad weight and with post‐operative PGI‐I score. There was no significant change in the IPSS or the voiding or storage subscores, and none correlated with any other study parameter.ConclusionsThis study validates the construct validity of the ICIQ‐SF and PGI‐I in the assessment of treatment for male stress incontinence and should make clinicians confident in comparing studies of incontinence treatment utilizing the change ICIQ‐SF score, the post‐operative PGI‐I score, and percentage reduction in 24‐hr pad weight as outcome measures. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The responsiveness of the OAB‐q among OAB patient subgroups
Authors: Coyne Karin S. , Matza Louis S. , Thompson Christine , Jumadilova Zhanna , Bavendam Tamara 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsAlthough the majority of patients with overactive bladder (OAB) are continent, most patient‐reported outcome measures for OAB were designed for patients with urinary incontinence. The overactive bladder questionnaire (OAB‐q) was developed to assess symptom bother and HRQL among both continent and incontinent OAB patients; however, the responsiveness of the OAB‐q among continent patients has not been evaluated. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the responsiveness of the OAB‐q among OAB patient subgroups with a focus on continent patients.MethodsPost‐hoc analyses were conducted from two 12‐week trials of tolterodine for the treatment of OAB. Patients completed the OAB‐q and daily bladder diaries (assessing frequency, urgency, and incontinence episodes) at baseline, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. Three patient subgroups were identified on the basis of continence status at all three timepoints: (1) continent; (2) incontinent; and (3) incontinent at baseline and continent by Week 12 (ITC). General linear models were used to compare changes from baseline, and Spearman correlations assessed the association between OAB‐q changes and bladder diary changes. Effect sizes were computed separately for each group.ResultsA total of 262 continent, 552 incontinent, and 397 ITC patients were included in this analysis. Continent patients tended to be younger than incontinent patients, and patients were predominantly female, although continent patients had the highest percentage of male patients in both studies. Compared with continent patients, patients who were incontinent at baseline tended to have greater symptom bother and lower HRQL at baseline. All OAB‐q change scores were consistently greatest for the ITC group (12.1–33.9), and greater for continent patients (10.8–28.6) than for incontinent patients (7.6–20.1). All three groups of patients experienced reductions in frequency and urgency episodes, and these changes were significantly correlated with changes in the OAB‐q scales. Among all three groups, effect sizes were in the moderate‐to‐large range for all OAB‐q subscales except Social Interaction.ConclusionsThe OAB‐q is highly responsive to change between continent and incontinent patients with OAB, and is a valid tool for measuring treatment outcomes among continent OAB patients. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:196–203, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acceleration of cutting‐plane and column generation algorithms: Applications to network design
Authors: Ben‐Ameur Walid , Neto José 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMost of integer, convex, and large‐scale linear problems are solved using cutting plane and column generation algorithms. Therefore, to handle large‐size problems and to reduce the computing times, it may be very useful to accelerate cutting plane algorithms. We show in this article that we can achieve this goal by choosing good separation points. Focus is given on problems for which we have an exact separation oracle. An in–out algorithm is proposed, and the convergence is proved under some general assumptions. Computational experiments related to three classes of problems, survivable network design, multicommodity flow problems, and random linear programs, clearly point out the savings of time allowed by the simple in–out approach proposed in this article. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 49(1), 3–17 2007
A hub covering model for cargo delivery systems
Authors: Tan Pinar Z. , Kara Bahar Y. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe hub location problem appears in a variety of applications including airline systems, cargo delivery systems, and telecommunication network design. When we analyze the application areas separately, we observe that each area has its own characteristics. In this research we focus on cargo delivery systems. Our interviews with various cargo delivery firms operating in Turkey enabled us to determine the constraints, requirements, and criteria of the hub location problem specific to the cargo delivery sector. We present integer programming formulations and large‐scale implementations of the models within Turkey. The results are compared with the current structure of a cargo delivery firm operating in Turkey. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 49(1), 28–39 2007
Parallel protein and transcript profiles of FSHD patient muscles correlate to the D4Z4 arrangement and reveal a common impairment of slow to fast fibre differentiation and a general deregulation of MyoD‐dependent genes
Authors: Celegato Barbara , Capitanio Daniele , Pescatori Mario , Romualdi Chiara , Pacchioni Beniamina , Cagnin Stefano , Viganò Agnese , Colantoni Luca , Begum Shajna , Ricci Enzo , Wait Robin , Lanfranchi Gerolamo , Gelfi Cecilia 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHere, we present the first study of a human neuromuscular disorder at transcriptional and proteomic level. Autosomal dominant facio‐scapulo‐humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by a deletion of an integral number of 3.3‐kb KpnI repeats inside the telomeric region D4Z4 at the 4q35 locus. We combined a muscle‐specific cDNA microarray platform with a proteomic investigation to analyse muscle biopsies of patients carrying a variable number of KpnI repeats. Unsupervised cluster analysis divides patients into three classes, according to their KpnI repeat number. Expression data reveal a transition from fast‐glycolytic to slow‐oxidative phenotype in FSHD muscle, which is accompanied by a deficit of proteins involved in response to oxidative stress. Besides, FSHD individuals show a disruption in the MyoD‐dependent gene network suggesting a coregulation at transcriptional level during myogenesis. We also discuss the hypothesis that D4Z4 contraction may affect in trans the expression of a set of genes involved in myogenesis, as well as in the regeneration pathway of satellite cells in adult tissue. Muscular wasting could result from the inability of satellite cells to successfully differentiate into mature fibres and from the accumulation of structural damages caused by a reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance induced by an increased oxidative metabolism in fibres.