bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Process for the Design of High‐Throughput Screening Deck Filters.
Authors: Pearce Bradley C. , Sofia Michael J. , Good Andrew C. , Drexler Dieter M. , Stock David A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hard Modeling Methods for the Curve Resolution of Data from Liquid Chromatography with a Diode Array Detector and On‐Flow Liquid Chromatography with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Authors: Wasim Mohammad , Brereton Richard G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hierarchical PLS Modeling for Predicting the Binding of a Comprehensive Set of Structurally Diverse Protein—Ligand Complexes.
Authors: Lindstroem Anton , Pettersson Fredrik , Almqvist Fredrik , Berglund Anders , Kihlberg Jan , Linusson Anna 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A QXP‐Based Multistep Docking Procedure for Accurate Prediction of Protein—Ligand Complexes.
Authors: Alisaraie Laleh , Haller Lars A. , Fels Gregor 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multifingerprint Based Similarity Searches for Targeted Class Compound Selection.
Authors: Kogej Thierry , Engkvist Ola , Blomberg Niklas , Muresan Sorel 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Modeling the Structural Basis of Human CCR5 Chemokine Receptor Function: From Homology Model Building and Molecular Dynamics Validation to Agonist and Antagonist Docking.
Authors: Fano A. , Ritchie D. W. , Carrieri A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ruthenium(III) vs. Hexamethylbenzene Ruthenium(II) in Sulfur‐Centered Reactivity of Their Thioether‐Thiolate and Allied Complexes
Authors: Shin Richard Yee Cheong , Goh Lai Yoong 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring‐Closing Metathesis as a Basis for the Construction of Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Donohoe Timothy J. , Orr Allan J. , Bingham Matilda 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Peroxide Oxidation of Arabinogalactan: Kinetics and Products
Authors: Monakov Yu. B. , Borisov I. M. , Zimin Yu. S. , Mudarisova R. Kh. , Tolstikova T. G. , Shirokova E. N. , Medvedeva S. A. , Zaikov G. E. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Dissolution of Cellulose with Ionic Liquids and Its Application: A Mini‐Review
Authors: Zhu Shengdong , Wu Yuanxin , Chen Qiming , Yu Ziniu , Wang Cunwen , Jin Shiwei , Ding Yigang , Wu Gang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Developing Synthetic Methods for Bioactive Phosphorus Compounds: A Progress Report
Authors: Nilsson Johan , Szabo Thomas , Laven Gaston , Kullberg Martin , Kraszewski Adam , Stawinski Jacek 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Approach to Synthesis of Nucleotides and Their Structural Analogues via Tricoordinate Phosphorus Reagents
Authors: Dabkowski Wojciech , Michalski Jan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cycloruthenated Compounds as Efficient Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydride Transfer Reaction
Authors: Sortais Jean‐Baptiste , Barloy Laurent , Sirlin Claude , de Vries Andre H. M. , de Vries Johannes G. , Pfeffer Michel 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alkenyl‐ and Aryl[2‐(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]‐dimethylsilanes: Tetraorganosilanes for the Practical Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Authors: Nakao Yoshiaki , Sahoo Akhila K. , Imanaka Hidekazu , Yada Akira , Hiyama Tamejiro 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Air‐Stable Phosphine Oxides as Preligands for Catalytic Activation Reactions of C—Cl, C—F, and C—H Bonds
Authors: Ackermann Lutz , Born Robert , Spatz Julia H. , Althammer Andreas , Gschrei Christian J. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Heterocyclic Cyan Dye‐Forming Coupler for Color Photographic Use: Synthesis of 1H‐Pyrrolo[1,2‐b][1,2,4]triazole
Authors: Shimada Yasuhiro , Ito Takayuki , Maeta Hideki , Matsuoka Kousin , Sato Kozo 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Multifunctional Molecular Carbon Materials — From Fullerenes to Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Guldi Dirk M. , Rahman G. M. Aminur , Sgobba Vito , Ehli Christian 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis of Cyclometalated Ruthenium Complexes with Substituted Phenylpyridines
Authors: Sasaki Isabelle , Vendier Laure , Sournia‐Saquet Alix , Lacroix Pascal G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe have developed a new strategy that uses the Kröhnke synthesis for the preparation of various substituted phenylpyridines in excellent yields (up to 88 %). Starting with the appropriate commercially available acetophenone, a variety of phenylpyridines substituted by either electron‐donating (i.e. methyl, methoxy) or ‐withdrawing groups (i.e. bromide, nitro) on the phenyl ring are obtained in a two‐step synthesis. The corresponding functionalized cyclometalated ruthenium complexes can be prepared with unusually high yields by using methanol as reaction solvent. The electrochemical data of the complexes demonstrate the strong σ‐donating character of the anionic phenylpyridine ligand. X‐ray analyses of four complexes show a shortening of the Ru–C bond associated with the elongation of only one of the five Ru–N bonds (trans effect).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Imidazolium‐Based [14]Heterophanes as Models for Anion Recognition
Authors: Alcalde Ermitas , Mesquida Neus , Pérez‐García Lluïsa 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe significance of the reported dicationic [14]imidazoliophanes 4·2X relies on their ability to bind anions in polar media. Thus, imidazolium units represent the main structural motifs in the formation of unconventional (C–H)+···Cl– charge‐assisted hydrogen bonds which become the noncovalent forces driving the anionic interactions exhibited by dications 4·2X. Herein, we report the “3+1” convergent synthesis of the title macrocycles 4a–d·2X; their counteranion exchange using a strongly basic anion‐exchange resin (OH– form) and their structures have been examined by NMR spectroscopy. Solution studies in CD3CN and [D6]DMSO by 1H NMR spectroscopy have revealed the importance of the hydrogen bonds in controlling anion recognition.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Inhibition of glycogenolysis in astrocytes interrupts memory consolidation in young chickens
Authors: Gibbs Marie E. , Anderson Damian G. , Hertz Leif 
Published: July 2006

AbstractGlycolysis and glycogenolysis are involved in memory processing in day‐old chickens and, aside from the provision of energy for neuronal and astrocytic energy metabolism these pathways enable astrocytes to supply neurones with precursor for transmitter glutamate by glucose‐based de novo synthesis. We have previously shown that memory processing for bead discrimination learning is dependent on glycolysis; however, the metabolic inhibitor used, iodoacetate, inhibits pyruvate formation from both glucose and glycogen. At specific time points after training transient reductions in brain glycogen content occur, mirrored by increases in glutamate/glutamine content. In the present study, we used intracerebral injection of a glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor, 1,4‐dideoxy‐1,4‐imino‐D‐arabinitol (DAB), which does not affect glucose breakdown, to evaluate the role of glycogen metabolism in memory consolidation. Dose‐dependent inhibition of learning occurred when DAB was administered at specific time periods in relation to training: (i) 5 min before training, (ii) around 30 min posttraining, and (iii) 55 min posttraining. After injection at either of the two earlier periods, memory disappeared after consolidation 30 min postlearning, and after injection 55 min after learning memory was absent at 70 min. The memory loss caused by early administration could be prevented after training by central injection of the glutamate precursor glutamine or the astrocyte‐specific substrate acetate together with aspartate, substituting for pyruvate carboxylation. Thus, glycogenolysis is essential for learning in this paradigm and, aside from energy supply considerations, we suggest that an important role for glycogenolysis is to provide neurones with glutamine as the precursor for neuronal glutamate and GABA. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alterations in the expression of intestinal enzymes in rats exposed to nickel
Authors: Singla Amika , Kaur Jaspreet , Mahmood Akhtar 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe effect of feeding nickel (50 mg kg−1 body weight) daily for 7 days was studied on the development of various brush border enzymes across the crypt–villus axis. The activities of brush border maltase (P < 0.05), lactase (P < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05) and leucine amino peptidase (P < 0.05) were augmented in purified brush borders, whereas sucrase, trehlase (P < 0.01) and glutamyl transpeptidase (P < 0.05) were reduced in nickel fed animals compared with controls. Kinetic and heat inactivation studies with brush border sucrase and alkaline phosphatase confirmed these findings. Western blot analysis of alkaline phosphatase showed a strong signal for the enzyme protein but a reduced level of sucrase antigen in nickel fed rat intestine compared with the controls. These findings suggest that the expression of various brush border enzymes along the crypt–villus axis is modulated in rat intestine exposed to nickel, which may disrupt the digestive functions of the intestinal tissue. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First‐principles study on the elastic properties and electronic structure of TiNi‐based ternary shape memory alloys
Authors: Tan Changlong , Cai Wei , Zhu Jingchuan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe elastic properties and electronic structure of B2 phase TiNi and ternary Ti50Ni43.75Fe6.25, Ti50Ni43.75Pd6.25, Ti50Ni43.75Cu6.25 shape memory alloys are studied by the plane‐wave psedudopotential method within the local density approximation. The elastic constants and density of states are obtained for the first time. Our calculations show that the martensitic transformation behavior of these alloys is closely related to their elastic properties. The Ti d DOS at Fermi level is mainly responsible for the B2 phase stability of these alloys. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Enhanced generation of entangled‐photon pairs from a cavity system
Authors: Ajiki Hiroshi , Ishihara Hajime 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe have theoretically studied efficiency of entangled‐photon generation from a quantum well embedded in a microcavity, and have found considerable enhancement of the efficiency. We have determined an optimal condition for achieving the strong enhancement, which is qualitatively understood from a characteristic feature of the cavity QED. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Exciton dynamics in cuprous oxide
Authors: Fishman D. A. , Revcolevschi A. , van Loosdrecht P. H. M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis work addresses the mid‐infrared properties of cuprous oxide and in particular induced absorption due to the presence of excitons. We probe the population of the non‐radiative ground state of para‐excitons via laser‐induced changes of the transmission in the “hydrogenic” 1s‐2p/1s‐3p transition energy range in a stress‐free sample. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Correlation of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations Toward Oral Bacterial Growth Based on the Abraham Model
Authors: Mintz Christina , Acree William E. , Abraham Michael H. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe Abraham solvation parameter model is used to construct mathematical correlations for describing the minimum inhibitory concentration of organic compounds for growth inhibition toward Porphyromonas gingivalis, Selenomonas artemidis, and Streptococcus sorbrinius. The derived mathematical correlations describe the observed published inhibitory data to within an overall average standard deviation of approximately 0.30 log units. A principal component analysis, shows that the derived equations for the three growth inhibitions are quite close to each other, are near to some, but not to all, equations for aqueous toxicity toward various organisms, and are quite far from most equations for water to solvent partition. A further analysis suggests that the three growth inhibition systems behave as though a solute is transferred from water to an environment that is still quite water‐like.
Monitoring and mapping landslide displacements: a combined DGPS‐stereophotogrammetric approach for detailed short‐ and long‐term rate estimates
Authors: Demoulin A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractAlthough desirable for a reliable hazard assessment, rate estimates of landslide motion rarely combine a good time resolution and a sufficiently long time of observation. Here, both angles are tackled for the Manaihan landslide (East Belgium), dramatically reactivated in September 1998. I monitored the landslide displacements by repeated Global Positioning System (GPS) surveys from 1999 to 2005. Two digital elevation models were also produced, one of the landslide topography in 1999 by GPS and a second by stereophotogrammetry from aerial photographs of 1953. Subtracting one model from the other, I mapped the height changes within the landslide over the 1953–1999 period. All measurements consistently showed that, beyond the sudden ∼1.5 m slip of September 1998, the landslide moved at a mean rate of c. 20 cm yr−1 since 1980. Most displacements occurred around the winter's end, when long‐lasting precipitation combined with minimal evaporation and occasional intense daily rainfall. The motions are spatially determined by seepage from a broken sewage pipe inducing local high pore pressures.Terra Nova, 18, 290–298, 2006
Comparative efficacy of Hanifin and Rajka's criteria and the UK working party's diagnostic criteria in diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in a hospital setting in North India
Authors: De D , Kanwar AJ , Handa S 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackground  Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD) depends on clinical features because no definitive diagnostic test exists. Criteria proposed by Hanifin and Rajka (Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 1980; Suppl 92: 44–47) were acceptable for hospital‐based studies but were found not to be suitable for field studies. A UK working party formulated clinical diagnostic criteria that could be used in both hospital and epidemiological settings. Validation studies of the criteria showed widely variable results, probably due to different clinical settings and ethnicity.Aim and objective  This study was undertaken to validate Hanifin and Rajka's criteria and to assess the comparative efficacy of their criteria and the UK working party's diagnostic criteria in the diagnosis of AD in a hospital setting in North India.Subjects and methods  This study serially included 101 patients with AD and 48 controls of paediatric age group. The study period was from July 2003 to December 2004.Results  Hanifin and Rajka's criteria [sensitivity 96%, specificity 93.75%, positive predictive value 97% (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) 91.84%] had a statistical advantage over the UK working party's diagnostic criteria (sensitivity 86%, specificity 95.83%, PPV 97.75% and NPV 76.67%), with a P‐value < 0.005.
Polymerase chain reaction primers for polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Korean sandfish, Arctoscopus japonicus
Authors: PARK JUNG YOUN , LEE SANG‐JUN , LEE HAE WON , LEE YONG GUG , JUNG SO JUNG , KANG YONG JOO 
Published: July 2006

AbstractWe developed 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers from Arctoscopus japonicus by screening an enriched genomic library using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The average of alleles size was 16.2, and the average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.59 and 0.78, respectively. The observed genotypic frequencies in five loci were significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations. The high variability revealed in this study suggested that these microsatellite loci should provide useful markers for population genetics of A. japonicus.
Welfare Spending and Poverty: Cutting Back Produces More Poverty, Not Less
Authors: Schram Sanford F. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe “New Consensus” on welfare expresses the idea that the major problem in social welfare is dependency, not poverty Much of the evidence for this perspective has come from trend line data indicating that over time poverty did not evaporate in the face of increases in social welfare spending Using various measures of the “dependent” poor, the empirical analysis presented suggests that reducing welfare expenditures relative to need does not produce less poverty and dependency
The Neoclassical Model Enriched by the Structure of Control:
Authors: Evensky Jerry 
Published: July 2006

Abstract Traditional neoclassical theory treats the economic sphere as if it can be detached from its surrounding social and political environment. It assumes connections between the social/political spheres and the economic sphere are weak, and no change of significance occurs in the social and political environment during the period considered Social and political conditions are treated as “given” and, more often than not, the conditions of this given environment are neither specified nor studied A broader economics is neededThe Virginia School has represented a connection between political control and distributive outcomes with its rent‐seeking analysis The flaw in their argument, that exposes their ideological bent, is their failure to extend the analysis to the distributive impact of control in the social sphere. This piece is an attempt to make that extension, and to demonstrate that a specific historical case, women s experience in World War II, cannot be fully understood without bringing that social dimension into the analysis
Towards A Professional Rationalization
Authors: Mossé Ph. R. 
Published: July 2006

Abstract. The French health care delivery system is characterized, on the one hand, by a centralized and socialized decision making process as far as financing is concerned, yet on the other hand, the regulation of activities is highly decentralized and governed mainly by individual physicians on a private basis.Today, the health care scene seems to be stuck in a process within which each new reform leads to yet another reform, In this movement, the role played by academic health economists is increasing.The French health care delivery system and its dynamics are described and two major topics which wilt be at stake in the years to come, the remuneration of physicians and the financing of hospitals are considered. The challenge facing health economists who have to consider the system as a system, is examined. The relationships between the political arena and the researcher's ivory tower appears to be is one of the keys for the future of the health care system. It is demonstrated that, in this area too, few barriers have fallen.
The Optimal Size of a Religious Congregation: An Economic Theory of Clubs Analysis
Authors: Zaleski Peter , Zech Charles 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe economic theory of clubs model is applied to determine the optimal size of a religious congregation. The optimal size is specified to be where total contributions are maximized. This occurs where the marginal benefits of adding a new member (in terms of contributions gained from that new member) equal the marginal costs of that new member (in terms of contributions lost from existing members). Benefits from adding members include enhanced fellowship opportunities and the spreading of fixed costs across a broader base. Costs include the congestion of facilities and a greater tendency to free ride. The model is empirically tested for four denominations. The average Catholic parish is found to be much larger than its optimal size, while the average Episcopalian, Lutheran, and Methodist congregations are all found to be smaller than their optimal size.
An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Government Tax and Auditing Policies on the Size of the Underground Economy:
Authors: Cebula Richard J. 
Published: July 2006

Abstract.This study empirically examines the impact of federal income tax rates, IRS penalties on unpaid tax liabilities, and audit rates of the Internal Revenue Service on the size of the underground economy in the United States, Recent data generated by Edgar Feige are used to measure the size of the underground economy. Based on ordinary least squares estimates, it is found that the maximum marginal personal income tax rate raises the size of the underground economy. In addition, the size of the underground economy is found to be a decreasing function of both the percentage of tax returns audited and the penalties imposed by the IRS on unpaid taxes.