bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of novel regulatory modules in dicotyledonous plants using expression data and comparative genomics
Authors: Vandepoele Klaas , Casneuf Tineke , Van de Peer Yves 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Background
Transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the control of many biological processes. Transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) are the functional elements that determine transcriptional activity and are organized into separable cis-regulatory modules, each defining the cooperation of several transcription factors required for a specific spatio-temporal expression pattern. Consequently, the discovery of novel TFBSs in promoter sequences is an important step to improve our understanding of gene regulation.

Results
Here, we applied a detection strategy that combines features of classic motif overrepresentation approaches in co-regulated genes with general comparative footprinting principles for the identification of biologically relevant regulatory elements and modules in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model system for plant biology. In total, we identified 80 TFBSs and 139 regulatory modules, most of which are novel, and primarily consist of two or three regulatory elements that could be linked to different important biological processes, such as protein biosynthesis, cell cycle control, photosynthesis and embryonic development. Moreover, studying the physical properties of some specific regulatory modules revealed that Arabidopsis promoters have a compact nature, with cooperative TFBSs located in close proximity of each other.

Conclusion
These results create a starting point to unravel regulatory networks in plants and to study the regulation of biological processes from a systems biology point of view.
Monitoring of Early Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage II and III Breast Cancer by [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Rousseau Caroline , Devillers Anne , Sagan Christine , Ferrer Ludovic , Bridji Boumédiène , Campion Loïc , Ricaud Myriam , Bourbouloux Emmanuelle , Doutriaux Isabelle , Clouet Martine , Berton-Rigaud Dominique , Bouriel Catherine , Delecroix Valérie , Garin Etienne , Rouquette Sophie , Resche Isabelle , Kerbrat Pierre , Chatal Jean François , Campone Mario 
Published: November 2006

Purpose This study aimed to assess prospectively the efficacy of sequential [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) to evaluate early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage II and III breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods Images were acquired with a PET/computed tomography scanner in 64 patients after administration of FDG (5 MBq/kg) at baseline and after the first, second, third, and sixth course of chemotherapy. Ultrasound and mammography were used to assess tumor size. Decrease in the standardized uptake value (SUV) with PET was compared with the pathologic response. Results Surgery was performed after six courses of chemotherapy and pathologic analysis revealed gross residual disease in 28 patients and minimal residual disease in 36 patients. Although SUV data did not vary much in nonresponders (based on pathology findings), they decreased markedly to background levels in 94% (34 of 36) of responders. When using 60% of SUV at baseline as the cutoff value, the sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of FDG PET were 61%, 96%, and 68% after one course of chemotherapy, 89%, 95%, and 85% after two courses, and 88%, 73%, and 83% after three courses, respectively. The same parameters with ultrasound (US) and mammography were 64%, 43%, and 55%, and 31%, 56%, and 45%, respectively. Assessment of tumor response with US or mammography was never significant whatever the cutoff. Conclusion Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in stage II and III breast cancer can be predicted accurately by FDG PET after two courses of chemotherapy.
Decreased Risk of Stroke Among 10-Year Survivors of Breast Cancer
Authors: Hooning Maartje J. , Dorresteijn Lucille D.A. , Aleman Berthe M.P. , Kappelle Arnoud C. , Klijn Jan G.M. , Boogerd Willem , van Leeuwen Flora E. 
Published: November 2006

Purpose To assess treatment-specific risk of cerebrovascular events in early breast cancer (BC) patients, accounting for cerebrovascular risk factors. Patients and Methods We studied the incidence of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA; stroke and transient ischemic attack [TIA]) in 10-year survivors of early BC (n = 4,414) treated from 1970 to 1986. Follow-up was 96% complete until January 2000. Treatment-specific incidence of CVA was evaluated by standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) based on comparison with general population rates and by Cox proportional hazards regression. Results After a median follow-up of 18 years, 164 strokes and 109 TIAs were observed, resulting in decreased SIRs of 0.8 (95% CI, 0.6 to 0.9) for stroke and 0.8 (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.0) for TIA. Significantly increased risk of stroke was found in women who had received hormonal treatment (HT; tamoxifen) and in women who had hypertension or hypercholesterolemia, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.9, 2.1, and 1.6, respectively. Patients irradiated on the supraclavicular area and/or internal mammary chain (IMC) did not experience a higher risk of stroke (HR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.6) or TIA (HR = 1.4; 95% CI, 0.9 to 2.5) compared with patients who did not receive radiotherapy or who were irradiated on fields other than the supraclavicular area or IMC. Conclusion Long-term survivors of BC experience no increased risk of cerebrovascular events compared with the general population. HT is associated with an increased risk of stroke. Radiation fields including the carotid artery do not seem to increase the risk of stroke compared with other fields.
Late-Occurring Stroke Among Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Leukemia and Brain Tumors: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Bowers Daniel C. , Liu Yan , Leisenring Wendy , McNeil Elizabeth , Stovall Marilyn , Gurney James G. , Robison Leslie L. , Packer Roger J. , Oeffinger Kevin C. 
Published: November 2006

Purpose This report examines the incidence of and risk factors for strokes that occur in ≥ 5-year survivors of childhood leukemia and brain tumors. Patients and Methods The rate of first occurrence of self-reported late-occurring strokes was determined for leukemia survivors (n = 4,828), brain tumor survivors (n = 1,871), and a comparison group of a random sample of cancer survivor siblings (n = 3,846). Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of stroke by treatment exposures were examined by multivariate analyses. Results Thirty-seven leukemia survivors and 63 brain tumor survivors reported a late-occurring stroke. The rate of late-occurring stroke for leukemia survivors was 57.9 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 41.2 to 78.7). The RR of stroke for leukemia survivors compared with the sibling comparison group was 6.4 (95% CI, 3.0 to 13.8; P < .0001). The rate of late-occurring stroke for brain tumor survivors was 267.6 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 206.8 to 339.2). The RR of stroke for brain tumor survivors compared with the sibling comparison group was 29.0 (95% CI, 13.8 to 60.6; P < .0001). Mean cranial radiation therapy (CRT) dose of ≥ 30 Gy was associated with an increased risk in both leukemia and brain tumor survivors in a dose-dependent fashion, with the highest risk after doses of ≥ 50 Gy CRT. Conclusion Survivors of childhood leukemia and brain tumors, particularly those with brain tumors treated with CRT at doses of greater than 30 Gy, are at an increased risk of stroke.
Reviews
Authors: Brodie Neil , Meirs David , Turner Michael 
Published: November 2006

Going, Going, Gone: Regulating the Market in Illicit Antiquities S.M. Mackenzie (2005) Leicester, United Kingdom: Institute of Art and Law, 290pp/ Handbook of Restorative Justice: A Global Perspective Dennis Sullivan and Larry Tift (Eds.) (2006) Routledge International, xvii + 574pp, ISBN 0415353564 Virtually Criminal: Crime, Deviance and Regulation Online, Matthew Williams (2007). London, England: Routledge, 195 pp., ISBN 10: 0-415-36405-1. Juvenile Delinquency: Causes and Control Robert Agnew (2005, 2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury Publishing Company, xxv + 555 pp, ISBN 1931719225.
Faltungen Monadische Konstruktivität und barocke Ausdruckskultur
Authors: Kleinschmidt Erich 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Leibniz's monadology, especially its theorem of the fold, may serve as a poetics for the readability of Baroque texts. The representational uncertainty and playful metaphors of Baroque expressions may then be understood as results of a universal philosophy of implication and explication that concerns both the texts and the soul. This philosophy defines a structural knowledge and a resultant dynamic access to the world, in the modality of infinite receptivity. Whatever is repeatedly folded in, exists already hidden in existing folds.
Primo Levi's Imaginary Encounters: Lavoro Creativo and Nel Parco
Authors: Baldini Anna 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Primo Levi's short stories are not as well-known as his works about his experience in Auschwitz, although some of them are remarkable. Lavoro creativo and Nel Parco illustrate how in the twentieth century the supernatural is introduced into literature by way of metafictionality. The supernatural events in these texts relate to Levi's opera omnia and Weltanschauung.
Rabelais and Castiglione as Humorists
Authors: Parkin John 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Rabelais and Castiglione are major figures in the literature of the Renaissance, and they share an interest in humour and a talent for engendering it. Though Rabelais is by far the greater comic writer, it is clear that he was aware of Castiglione's work, and respected it to the point of quoting him on at least one occasion. Where they differ is in the degree of restraint which the Italian imposes on his material, as contrast the Frenchman's deliberate flouting of social if not literary convention. At the same time, Rabelais fully appreciates the didactic value of humour, whilst Castiglione's wit is not immune to the occasional flight of moral irresponsibility.
Warum aus Mücken Flöhe wurden - Hintergründiges zum Anfang von Goethes XV. Römischer Elegie
Authors: Lippert-Adelberger Eberhard 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
As is well-known, Goethe blended a quotation from the classical Historia Augusta into the beginning of the fifteenth Roman Elegy, changing it, however, significantly. The shift from the Latin “mosquitoes” (culices) to “fleas” is especially striking. Contrary to assumptions, this change of insect species appears to be motivated by sexual symbolism. Following the interpretatio obscena that the humanist scholar Adrianus Turnebus made of culices, the shift is possibly related to Goethe's problems concerning homosexuality.
The Angel in a Country of Last Things. DeLillo, Auster and the Post-human Landscape
Authors: Sarmento Clara 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Themes of isolation and urban alienation dominate Paul Auster's In the Country of Last Things (1987), Don DeLillo's short-story “The Angel Esmeralda” (1994), and DeLillo's Underworld (1997). Individual as well as collective memory arises from violence, war, and despair in a not merely fictional, post-human urban landscape. Unexpected images and revelations lie scattered in each corner of Auster's and DeLillo's geography of horror. DeLillo's New York underworld and Auster's imaginary country are peopled by characters and groups that practise their own art, speak or write in their own language, and worship their own miracles, thus building a secret legacy. The isolated individuals of these underworlds create their own rituals, beliefs, and myths: a whole collective memory emerges in a post-human landscape.
Hamlet ‘in and out’ oder: Wie Hamlet und Grabbes Faust im Theater ihres Geistes spielen
Authors: Lindemann Anna 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Grabbe played a decisive role in the German Shakespeare reception, and his Faust has affinities with Hamlet. Comparing their language, their attitude to the world, and their concepts of subjectivity and history, we gain insights that go beyond the characters themselves. Faust's and Hamlet's subjectivity, their different concepts and perceptions of reality, and Grabbe's way of referring to them suggest that the genesis of his Hamlet-Faust derives from his own Shakespeare interpretation, which differs from the accepted, mainly romantic view of Hamlet. Grabbe's Faust becomes plausible if we regard Hamlet, Don Juan and Faust as its source, and Grabbe's own hero type as its inspiration.
Vergebliches Sammeln. Walter Benjamins Analyse eines Unbehagens im Fin de Siècle und der europäischen Moderne
Authors: Finkelde Dominik 
Published: November 2006

Abstract
Walter Benjamin's “Unpacking my Library – A Talk about Collecting” occasions reflections on the meaning of fin-de-siècle and contemporary collecting and memory. In late nineteenth-century bourgeois culture collecting lost its traditional sense because desiring a totality could no longer serve as the basis of collecting. Solitary individuals had to face a universe of unstable signs in which the accumulated objects no longer possessed an original purpose or religious meaning. For Benjamin, collecting opens “above an abyss”. The absence of a purpose or order in the collected objects turns collecting into an irrational passion, a work of hermeneutics.
Research translation: a new frontier for clinical laboratories
Authors: Plebani Mario , Marincola Francesco M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractTranslational research and translational medicine (referred to hereafter as translational research) are interchangeable terms that underline the pressing need to translate into practical benefits for those affected by disease the extensive investments divested by the private and public sectors in biomedical research. For people more directly involved in clinical practice (physicians, clinical laboratory professionals and patients), translational research responds to the need to accelerate the capture of benefits of research, closing the gap between what we know and what we practice. This basically means the transfer of diagnostic and therapeutic advances proven effective in large, well-conducted trials (and, therefore, evidence-based) to daily medical practice. Translational research should be regarded as a two-way road: bench to bedside, and bedside to bench. In particular, to make possible a more effective translation process, a new road map should be implemented through interaction and cooperation between basic researchers, clinicians, laboratory professionals and manufacturers. Some examples of recent developments in clinical laboratory testing, including markers of cardiovascular diseases, clinical proteomics and recombinant allergens, may explain the importance of careful evaluation of all variables that allow the introduction of such new insights into clinical practice to assure better clinical outcomes. The vital role of laboratory medicine in the delivery of safer and more effective healthcare requires more careful evaluation not only of the analytical characteristics, but also of any other variable that may affect the clinical usefulness and diagnostic performances of laboratory tests, thus allowing more accurate interpretation and utilization of laboratory information.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1303–12.
Automated analysis of pleural fluid total and differential leukocyte counts with the Sysmex XE-2100
Authors: de Jonge Robert , Brouwer Rob , van Rijn Marcel , van Acker Bernadette A.C. , Otten Henk J.A.M. , Lindemans Jan 
Published: November 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1367–71.
Clinical chemistry reference values for 75-year-old apparently healthy persons
Authors: Huber Klaus Roland , Mostafaie Nazanin , Stangl Gerhard , Worofka Brigitte , Kittl Eva , Hofmann Jörg , Hejtman Milos , Michael Rainer , Weissgram Silvia , Leitha Thomas , Jungwirth Susanne , Fischer Peter , Tragl Karl-Heinz , Bauer Kurt 
Published: November 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1355–60.
Identifying Factors Predicting Immunization Delay for Children Followed in an Urban Primary Care Network Using an Electronic Health Record
Authors: Fiks Alexander G. , Alessandrini Evaline A. , Luberti Anthony A. , Ostapenko Svetlana , Zhang Xuemei , Silber Jeffrey H. 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVE. An opportunity exists to use increasingly prevalent electronic health records to efficiently gather immunization, clinical, and demographic data to assess and subsequently reduce barriers to immunization. The objective of this study was to use data entered at the point of care within an electronic health record to identify factors that predispose children in an inner-city population to immunization delay.METHODS. Retrospective cohort data from an electronic health record were used to evaluate the association between demographic, clinical, and immunization variables on immunization delay at 24 months. Patients 2 to 5 years old as of May 31, 2003, with an office visit between May 31, 2002, and May 31, 2003, were selected (N = 5464). Univariate and multivariable models were developed to predict vaccination delay at 24 months per the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices guidelines.RESULTS. Overall up-to-date immunization rates at 3, 7, 13, and 24 months were 75%, 45%, 82%, and 71%. Multivariable models using electronic health record data showed that early immunization status was the strongest predictor of immunization delay at 24 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that children who were inadequately immunized at 3 months of age were more than 4.5 times as likely to be immunization delayed at 24 months. In this analysis, patient and caregiver factors associated with immunization delay included insurance status and nonparent caregiver. Children who were premature were less likely to be delayed.CONCLUSIONS. Using an electronic health record with information entered at the point of care, we found that early immunization status is a strong predictor of immunization delay for young children that can be identified as early as 3 months of age. Electronic health records may prove useful to clinicians and health systems in identifying children at high risk for immunization delay.
Extent of Agreement in Gentamicin Concentration Between Serum That Is Drawn Peripherally and From Central Venous Catheters
Authors: Boodhan Sabrina , Maloney Anne Marie , Dupuis L. Lee 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVE. At our institution, patients who receive once-daily dosing of gentamicin have serum concentrations determined 3 and 6 hours after dose administration. Patients with single-lumen central venous catheters have the 3-hour samples drawn peripherally. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent of agreement between peripheral and central venous catheter serum gentamicin concentrations drawn 3 hours after dose administration.
METHODS. In this prospective, observational study, patients provided both a peripheral and a central blood sample for determination of serum gentamicin concentration. The order of sampling (central venous catheter versus peripheral first) was randomized. Agreement was assessed by determination of the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. The clinically acceptable targets for the lower limit of the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman limits of agreement were defined a priori as &gt;0.80 and ±6%, respectively. Differences between the theoretical dose adjustments using the central venous catheter versus the peripheral sample result were described.
RESULTS. Forty-five pairs of samples were collected: 42 from single-lumen implantable central venous catheters (ports) and 3 from peripherally inserted central venous catheters. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.91. However, the Bland-Altman analysis resulted in a mean percentage difference (central venous catheter versus peripheral) of −0.92% and limits of agreement of −27.9% to 26.0%. The gentamicin dose adjustment based on the central venous catheter sample result would have led to clinically significant dose adjustments in 19 (42%) cases, when compared with the peripheral sample result.
CONCLUSIONS. These results indicate a lack of agreement between peripheral and single-lumen central venous catheter samples. In particular, ports are not appropriate sites for monitoring serum gentamicin concentrations.
Accuracy of the Diagnosis of Physical Features of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome by Pediatricians After Specialized Training
Authors: Jones Kenneth Lyons , Robinson Luther K. , Bakhireva Ludmila N. , Marintcheva Galina , Storojev Vladimir , Strahova Anna , Sergeevskaya Svetlana , Budantseva Svetlana , Mattson Sarah N. , Riley Edward P. , Chambers Christina D. 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES. Accurate and early diagnosis of the fetal alcohol syndrome is important for secondary prevention, intervention, and treatment, yet many pediatricians lack expertise in recognition of the characteristic features of this disorder. After a structured training program for pediatricians, we examined the ability to accurately diagnose fetal alcohol syndrome.
METHODS. Two dysmorphologists conducted a 2-day training program in the diagnosis of the physical features of fetal alcohol syndrome for 4 pediatricians in Moscow. Dysmorphologists and pediatricians worked in teams to examine children, demonstrate techniques, and validate that pediatricians could identify physical features of this disorder under direct observation. Subsequently, pediatricians independently evaluated children in 41 boarding schools and orphanages. Those children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome or deferred (possible fetal alcohol syndrome) by the pediatricians were then evaluated by the dysmorphologists. Accuracy of the diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome or deferred was assessed, as well as the interrater agreement for specific selected features of the disorder.
RESULTS. A total of 110 children were examined by both the pediatricians and the dysmorphologists. Of these, 79 were identified with fetal alcohol syndrome by the pediatricians; in 66 (83.5%) of these children, the diagnosis was confirmed by the dysmorphologists. Among 31 children who were classified as deferred by the pediatricians, 21 (67.7%) were confirmed with either fetal alcohol syndrome or deferred by the dysmorphologists. With respect to selected structural features characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome, good interrater agreement was noted for height and head circumference ≤10th centile, whereas moderate-to-fair agreement was noted for smooth philtrum, long philtrum, presence of “hockey-stick” palmar crease, and palpebral fissure length ≤10th centile. Poor agreement was noted for thin upper lip.
CONCLUSIONS. After a relatively short training session, pediatricians were reasonably accurate in diagnosing fetal alcohol syndrome on the basis of physical features and in recognizing most of the selected specific features associated with the disorder.
Template Growth of Nanocrystalline PbS, CdS, and ZnS on a Polydiacetylene Langmuir Film: An In Situ Grazing Incidence X‐ray Diffraction Study
Authors: Lifshitz Y. , Konovalov O. , Belman N. , Berman A. , Golan Y. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractChemical deposition of nanocrystalline PbS, CdS, and ZnS at the air/solution interface in the absence and presence of a polydiacetylene (PDA) Langmuir film is investigated in situ using grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction. In all cases, it is found that PDA has a pronounced effect on the incipient semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs). In the presence of PDA, PbS NCs showed a <111> orientation in addition to the commonly obtained <100> growth direction of the PbS rock salt structure while CdS and ZnS NCs crystallized in the zinc blende polymorph with a predominant <100> orientation. ZnS NCs were obtained only in the presence of PDA at the air/solution interface.