bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic Isolation and Characterization of Single Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Cremasteric Arterioles
Authors: Jackson William F. , Huebner James M. , Rusch Nancy J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTObjective: The goal of the present study was to develop a method to isolate viable arteriolar muscle cells from single cremasteric arterioles, which retain the contractile and electrophysiological phenotype of the donor microvessels.Methods: Arterioles were hand‐dissected from rat and hamster cremaster muscles and dissociated by incubation in papain and dithioerythritol for 35 min followed by incubation in collagenase, elastase, and soybean trypsin inhibitor for 10 to 25 min in solutions containing 100 μM Ca2+, 10 μM sodium nitroprusside, and 1 mg/ml albumin at 37°C.Results: Populations of single smooth muscle cells enzymatically isolated from cremasteric arterioles showed elongated fusiform morphology and intact plasmalemmal membranes as indicated by retention of calcein, by exclusion of ethidium ho‐modimer‐1, and by high membrane resistances (11 ± 0.8 Cω, n = 36 for rat cells: 8 ± 0.6 Cω, n = 21 for hamster cells: p < 0.05). Muscle cells contracted in a concentration‐dependent fashion in response to pipette application of norepinephrine (10 nM‐100 μ). Cell shortening in response to 1 μM norepinephrine was inhibited by 10 μM phentolamine, 1 μM sodium nitroprusside, and 1 μM nifedipine or nominally Ca2+‐free media. Resting membrane potential recorded in patch‐clamped cells by perforated patch methods was −48 ± 1 mV (n = 47) for rat cells and −44 ± 2.8 mV (n = 14) for hamster cells (p > 0.05). Families of voltage‐dependent K+ currents were observed during stepwise depolarizing pulses from −60 mV to more positive potentials. Blockers of voltage‐gated and ATP‐sensitive K+ channels (4‐aminopyridine [3 mM] and glibenclamide [1 μM], respectively) inhibited membrane K+ conductance, increased membrane resistance, and depolarized cells by 20 ± 4 mV (n = 8) and 14 ± 3 mV (n − 6), respectively.Conclusions: The present method permits isolation of smooth muscle cells from a single cremasteric arteriole. These cells seem to retain the contractile phenotype, α‐adrenergic signaling cascade, membrane potential, and K+ conductances described for the donor arteriole. Correlating the functional and electrophysiological properties of these smooth muscle cells to in situ and in vitro studies of their donor arterioles should provide a useful extension for understanding the physiology, patho‐physiology, biophysics, and cell biology of the microcirculation in skeletal muscle.
Changes in Subcutaneous Interstitial Fluid Pressure, Tissue Oxygenation, and Skin Red Cell Flux during Venous Congestion Plethysmography in Men
Authors: Christ F. , Dellian M. , Goetz A. E. , Gamble J. , Messmer K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTObjective: Venous congestion plethysmography enables noninvasive assessment of microvascular filtration capacity (Kf) in limbs. However, increases in fluid filtration might alter the balance of Starling forces; for example, progressive increases in interstitial fluid pressure (Pi) would reduce net fluid flux, thus underestimating Kf. Furthermore, elevation of cuff pressure to values close to diastolic blood pressure, as used in the protocol, may by itself impair tissue perfusion with unknown effects on the microvascular parameters investigated.Methods: Pi was measured in healthy volunteers (n = 14) with a modified “Wick in needle” technique during small (8 mm Hg) cumulative increases in venous pressure (0–95 mm Hg). Changes in the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) concentration, and oxidized cytochrome aa3 concentration were assessed in the calf using noninvasive near‐infrared spectroscopy. Skin red blood cell flux close to the strain gauge was evaluated by laser Doppler fluxmetry.Results: Pi at control was −0.89 ± 0.8 mm Hg and during elevation of venous pressure remained constant until a cuff pressure of 30 mm Hg was reached. It rose thereafter to 1.57 ± 1.3 mm Hg (mean SD). Skin red cell flux was significantly reduced when cuff pressure exceeded 30 mm Hg and, following cuff deflation, evidence of reactive hyperemia was obtained. Hb concentration increased significandy as a result of venous pressure elevation. No change in either HbO2 or cytochrome aa3 concentration was observed as long as cuff pressure remained under diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions: The small increase in Pi together with an absence of impaired tissue oxygenation during the venous congestion plethysmography protocol described by Gamble et al. supports the contention mat this protocol enables accurate assessment of filtration capacity.
Preoperative localization of parathyroid lesions
Authors: Mirallié E. , Carlier T. , Abbey-Huguenin H. , Aubron F. , Kraeber-Bodéré F. , Ansquer C. 
Published: April 2008

SummaryThe aim of our study was to assess retrospectively the value of 99mTc-MIBI SPECT in the localization of parathyroid lesions in primary hyperparathyroidism and to determine the impact of PTH level, age, sex, characteristics of the lesions and thyroid nodules on the sensitivity of imaging. Patients, methods: Fifty nine patients who were cured after the resection of 60 lesions (50 adenomas, 9 hyperplasias and 1 carcinoma, 9 of them in ectopy) were selected. 99mTcO4-, early and late 99mTc-MIBI planar images (n = 59), 99mTc-MIBI SPECT (n = 58) and ultrasound (n = 50) performed preoperatively were analyzed. The imaging results were compared to surgical and histological findings and correlated to different factors suspected of influencing the imaging's sensitivity. Results: Sensitivity of double phase 99mTc-MIBI/99mTcO4- scintigraphy was higher than that of early or late scintigraphy alone. SPECT increased the sensitivity of scintigraphy from 85% to 92% and was useful to confirm doubtful foci and to localize ectopic lesions. Ultrasound (US) had the lowest sensitivity (56%) and the highest rate of false-positive results (n = 10), but identified 2 adenomas which were not detected by scintigraphy. Combining all imaging modalities, sensitivity reached 96%. Better sensitivities were observed when age < 69 years, preoperative PTH level ≥155 pg/ml, weight of the gland ≥0.80 g and in the absence of thyroid nodules. US was more influenced by these factors than scintigraphy. Conclusion: Combination of US, double-phase 99mTc- MIBI/99mTcO4- planar scintigraphy and SPECT is the most accurate method for the detection of parathyroid lesions and should be performed before minimally invasive surgery, especially when PTH level is low, in older patients and in cases of multinodular goiter.
Long-term follow-up of metabolic activity in human alveolar echinococcosis using FDG-PET
Authors: Reuter S. , Grüner B. , Buck A. K. , Blumstein N. , Reske S. N. , Kern P. 
Published: April 2008

SummaryAim: [18F]fluoro-deoxyglucose positron-emission-tomography (FDG-PET) detects metabolic activity in alveolar echinococcosis (AE). The slow changes in metabolic and morphological characteristics require long-term follow-up of patients. This is the first study to evaluate metabolic activity over may years, hereby assessing the utility of FDGPET for the evaluation of disease progression and response to treatment. Patients, methods: 15 patients received a follow-up FDG-PET combined with computed tomography (integrated PET/CT) with a median of 6.5 years after the first PET in 1999. Number and location of enhanced metabolic activity in the area of AE lesions was determined. Quantification of intensity of metabolic activity was assessed by calculation of mean standardized uptake values. Results: AE lesions in 11/15 patients had been metabolically inactive initially, but only two showed permanent inactivity over the course of 81 months. Interestingly, in two patients metabolic activity was newly detected after 80 and 82 months. Benzimidazole treatment was intermittently discontinued in seven cases. Persisting activity at FDG-PET demanded continued benzimidazole treatment in four patients. Neither treatment duration, lesional size, calcifications nor regressive changes correlated with metabolic activity. Conclusion: Treatment responses are heterogeneous and vary from progressive disease despite treatment to long-term inactive disease with discontinued treatment. Lack of metabolic activity indicates suppressed parasite activity and is not equivalent to parasite death. However, metabolic activity may remain suppressed for years, allowing for temporary treatment discontinuation. Relapses are reliably detected with PET and restarting benzimidazole treatment prevents parasite expansion.
Graves' disease and radioiodine therapy
Authors: Weber I. , Eschner W. , Sudbrock F. , Schmidt M. , Dietlein M. , Schicha H. , Kobe C. 
Published: April 2008

SummaryAim: This study was performed to analyse the impact of the choice of antithyroid drugs (ATD) on the outcome of ablative radioiodine therapy (RIT) in patients with Graves' disease. Patients, material, methods: A total of 571 consecutive patients were observed for 12 months after RIT between July 2001 and June 2004. Inclusion criteria were the confirmed diagnosis of Graves' disease, compensation of hyperthyroidism and withdrawal of ATD two days before preliminary radioiodine-testing and RIT. The intended dose of 250 Gy was calculated from the results of the radioiodine test and the therapeutically achieved dose was measured by serial uptake measurements. The end-point measure was thyroid function 12 months after RIT; success was defined as elimination of hyperthyroidism. The pretreatment ATD was retrospectively correlated with the results achieved. Results: Relief from hyperthyroidism was achieved in 96 % of patients. 472 patients were treated with carbimazole or methimazole (CMI) and 61 with propylthiouracil (PTU). 38 patients had no thyrostatic drugs (ND) prior to RIT. The success rate was equal in all groups (CMI 451/472; PTU 61/61; ND 37/38; p=0.22). Conclusion: Thyrostatic treatment with PTU achieves excellent results in ablative RIT, using an accurate dosimetric approach with an achieved post-therapeutic dose of more than 200 Gy.
The simplified reference tissue model for SPECT/PET brain receptor studies
Authors: Thiele F. , Buchert R. 
Published: April 2008

SummaryAim: The SRTM (simplified reference tissue model) of brain receptor imaging assumes that the time activity curve in the receptor-rich region of interest can be fitted satisfactorily by the 1-tissue compartment model. This assumption has been formulated by a rather restrictive constraint on the rate constants. Empirically, the SRTM might well describe also tracers which do not fulfil this constraint, such as [11C]raclopride, for example. However, this has not been justified rigorously. Methods: The requirements for the SRTM to be applicable are analyzed in detail. Results: The SRTM is applicable under a less restrictive constraint than described previously. The interpretation of the SRTM parameters R1 and K2 in physiological terms depends on the constraint, while the interpretation of BPND does not. Conclusion: Correct interpretation of the results of the SRTM is tracer specific. In particular, the parameter R1, which in case of compliance with the original constraint might be used to detect perfusion and/or extraction effects, might not be appropriate for this purpose in case of raclopride-like tracers.
Differentiation of Human Erythroid Cells in Culture
Authors: Fibach E. , Prus E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA culture procedure for growing erythroid progenitors in liquid medium is described. The procedure is divided into two phases. The first is an erythropoietin (EPO)–independent phase in which peripheral blood mononuclear cells are isolated and cultured in the presence of a combination of growth factors, but in the absence of EPO. During this phase, early erythroid‐committed progenitors proliferate and differentiate into more mature progenitors. In the second phase, the latter cells, cultured in an EPO‐supplemented medium, continue to proliferate and mature into hemoglobin‐containing nucleated erythroid cells. The culture procedure yields populations that are large, relatively pure, and synchronized (in terms of differentiation), and which recapitulate in vivo erythropoiesis. Since the cells are grown in suspension, samples of cells can be withdrawn at any time, without disturbing the cultures, and assayed for various parameters, e.g., morphology, size, number, viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, surface antigens, or gene expression. Several procedures for analyzing the cultured cells with respect to their hemoglobin content during their differentiation are included.
Hybrid composite based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and fillers from renewable resources
Authors: Cinelli Patrizia , Chiellini Emo , Imam Syed H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHybrid composite laminates consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as continuous phase (33% by weight) and lignocellulosic fillers, derived from sugarcane bagasse, apple and orange waste (22% by weight) were molded in a carver press in the presence of water and glycerol such as platicizers agents. Corn starch was introduced as a biodegradation promoter and gluing component of the natural filler and synthetic polymeric matrix in the composite (22% by weight). The prepared laminates were characterized for their mechanical properties and degradative behavior in simulated soil burial experiments. The fibers type and content in composite impacted mechanical properties. Materials based on PVA and starch with apple wastes and sugarcane bagasse fillers were much harder (Young's Modulus respectively, 57, 171 MPa) than materials prepared with orange wastes (17 Mpa). Respirometric test revealed that soil microbes preferentially used natural polymers and low molecular weight additive as a carbon source compared to biodegradable synthetic polymer. The presence of PVA in formulations had no negative effect on the degradation of lignocellulosic fibers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Teaching image processing: A two‐step process
Authors: Yapp Clarence Han‐Wei , See Alex Kok Bin 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAn interactive program for teaching digital image processing techniques is presented in this article. Instead of heavy programming tasks and mathematical functions, students are led step by step through the exercises and then allowed to experiment. This article evaluates the proposed program and compares it with existing techniques. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 16: 211–222, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20149
Cellular Dynamics of Ku: Characterization and Purification of Ku‐eGFP
Authors: Merkle Dennis , Zheng Dan , Ohrt Thomas , Crell Karin , Schwille Petra 
Published: April 2008

AbstractKu is a predominantly nuclear protein that functions as a DNA double‐strand‐break (DSB) binding protein and regulatory subunit of the DNA‐dependent protein kinase (DNA‐PK). DNA‐PK is involved in synapsis and remodeling of broken DNA ends during nonhomologous end‐joining (NHEJ) of DNA DSBs. It has also recently been demonstrated that Ku plays roles in cytoplasmic and membrane processes, namely: interaction with matrix metalloproteinase 9, acting as a co‐receptor for parvoviral infection, and also interacting with cell polarity protein, Par3. We present a method for creating stable expression of Ku‐eGFP in CHO cells and extend the procedure to purify Ku‐eGFP for in vitro assaying. We demonstrated that Ku‐eGFP localizes to the nucleus of HeLa cells upon microinjection into the cytoplasm as well as localizing to laser induced DNA damage. We also characterized the diffusional dynamics of Ku in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). The FCS data suggest that whereas the majority of Ku (70 %) in the nucleus is mobile and freely diffusing, in a cellular context, there also exists a significant slow process fraction (30 %). Strikingly, in the cytoplasm, this immobile/slow moving fraction is even more pronounced (45 %).
On the Mechanisms of Degenerate Ligand Exchange in [M(CH3)]+/CH4 Couples (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) as Explored by Mass Spectrometric and Computational Studies: Oxidative Addition/Reductive Elimination versus σ‐Complex‐Assisted Metathesis
Authors: Armélin Marc , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe degenerate ligand exchange in [M(CH3)]+/CH4 couples occurs in the gas phase at room temperature for M=Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, and Pt, whereas the complexes containing Fe and Co are unreactive. Details of hydrogen‐atom scrambling versus direct ligand switch have been uncovered by labeling experiments with CD4 and 13CH4, respectively. The reactivity scale ranges from unreactive (M=Fe, Co) or inefficient (M=Ni, Pd) to moderately (M=Ru) and rather reactive (M=Rh, Pt). Quite extensive, but not complete, H/D exchange between the hydrogen atoms of the incoming and outgoing methyl groups is observed for M=Pt, whereas for M=Ni and Pd a predominantly direct ligand switch prevails. DFT calculations performed at the B3LYP level of theory account well for the thermal nonreactivity of the Fe and Co couples. For [Ni[CH3)]+/CH4, a σ‐complex‐assisted metathesis (σ‐CAM) is operative such that, in a two‐state reactivity (TSR) scenario, two spin flips between the 3A ground and 1A excited states take place at the entrance and exit channels of the encounter complexes. For M=Ru and Rh, only oxidative addition/reductive elimination (OA/RE) is favored energetically, and the reaction is confined to the electronic ground states 3A and 2A. In contrast, for the [Pd(CH3)]+/CH4 system, on the 1A ground‐state potential‐energy surface both the OA/RE and σ‐CAM variants are energetically comparable, and the small reaction efficiency for the ligand switch is reflected in transition states located energetically close to the reactants. For the [M(CH3)]+/CH4 complexes of the 5d elements, the σ‐CAM mechanism does not play a role. For M=Pt, the energetically most favored path proceeds in a spin‐conserving manner on the 1A potential‐energy surface, which accounts for the extensive single and double hydrogen‐atom exchange preceding ligand exchange. Although for M=Os and Ir the [M(CH3)]+ complexes could not be generated experimentally, computational studies predict that both systems may undergo thermal reaction with CH4, and an OA/RE mechanism will commence on the respective high‐spin ground states; however, the bond‐activation and ligand‐exchange steps will occur on the excited low‐spin surfaces in a TSR scenario.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and ab initio Study of the Structure and Bonding of Al7N‐ and Al7N.
Authors: Averkiev Boris B. , Call Seth , Boldyrev Alexander I. , Wang Lei‐Ming , Huang Wei , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sonochemical Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Single‐Crystalline BaF2:Eu3+ Nanospheres.
Authors: Zhu Ling , Meng Jian , Cao Xueqiang 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Using Cerium(IV) Sulfate Tetrahydrate in Acetic Acid.
Authors: Horiuchi C. Akira , et al. et al. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Triazole and Triazolothiadiazine Derivatives as Possible Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Kaplancikli Zafer Asim , Turan‐Zitouni Guelhan , Oezdemir Ahmet , Revial Gilbert 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiol‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Transfer Hydroamination of Olefins with N‐Aminated Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Guin Joyram , Froehlich Roland , Studer Armido 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel/BPh3‐Catalyzed Alkynylcyanation of Alkynes and 1,2‐Dienes: An Efficient Route to Highly Functionalized Conjugated Enynes.
Authors: Nakao Yoshiaki , Hirata Yasuhiro , Tanaka Masaaki , Hiyama Tamejiro 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Promoted Tandem Intermolecular Diels—Alder/Intramolecular Allylation Reactions of Silyl‐Substituted 1,3‐Butadienes Leading to Multisubstituted 7‐Norbornenones and Related Polycyclic Compounds.
Authors: Li Dongzhen , Liu Guangzhen , Hu Qiaoshu , Wang Chao , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Electrochemical Deprotection of N‐Phenylsulfonyl N‐Substituted Amines Derived from (R)‐Phenylglycinol.
Authors: Coeffard Vincent , Thobie‐Gautier Christine , Beaudet Isabelle , Le Grognec Erwan , Quintard Jean‐Paul 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Mediated Unprecedented Ring‐Opening Rearrangement of 2‐Aryl‐N‐tosylazetidines to Enantiopure (E)‐Allylamines.
Authors: Ghorai Manas K. , Kumar Amit , Das Kalpataru 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Stable Ketenimines via a Three‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Rostamnia Sadegh 
Published: April 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.