bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La stratégie dans le droit public financier français : les lois de programmation des finances publiques (LPFP)
Authors: Barro Alexandre 
Published: March 2024

Presque tous les États sont aujourd’hui confrontés à la réforme de leurs finances publiques ; puisqu’il faut, en effet, qu’ils soient davantage plus efficaces dans la gestion des fonds publics. La réforme financière est donc un moyen fort pour instaurer un nouveau modèle de gouvernance financière. C’est dans cette optique que la France a adopté la loi organique relative aux lois de finances (LOLF) du 1er août 2001, en remplacement de l’ancienne ordonnance du 2 janvier 1959 qui régissait les finances publiques françaises. Avec la réforme financière menée par la LOLF, la France a mis en place la gestion financière par la performance comme nouveau modèle de gestion des finances publiques. Ce nouveau modèle implique, au nom de l’efficacité de l’État, l’intégration et l’adaptation des outils de la gouvernance d’entreprise dans le secteur financier public. C’est ainsi que dans cet élan de recherche de la performance financière de l’État, la France a, avec la révision constitutionnelle de 2004, mis en place des lois de programmation des finances publiques (LPFP). Celles-ci permettent à l’État de stratégiquement mieux organiser la gestion des finances du secteur public dans son ensemble ; la finalité étant de réduire le déficit public et favoriser l’efficacité de la gestion publique.
L’étayage de la coopération entre élèves comme facteur d’efficacité du travail de groupe : une étude de cas en danse au collège
Authors: Fanton-Bayrou Marie-France , Lafont Lucile 
Published: March 2024

Les façons dont une enseignante chevronnée conçoit et met en œuvre des dispositifs interactifs sont analysées au cours d’un cycle de danse. Différents focus temporels sont nécessaires pour décrire au plus près l’activité d’étayage de l’enseignante. Ces différents temps observés répondent à une logique allant du macroscopique (le temps du cycle) vers le temps plus précis de la situation de création en groupe. L’étude de cas débute par l’analyse de la distribution des dispositifs interactifs au cours du cycle et la délégation de responsabilité aux élèves au cours d’une situation de transmission technique (situation ciblée) et d’une situation de création (situation complexe), grâce à un dispositif d’évaluation par les pairs (EPP). Ainsi notre analyse est structurée par les catégories de l’étayage au sein de la tutelle : l’effacement et la prise de responsabilité (en situation ciblée et tout au long du cycle), la contingence (en situation complexe), en référence aux travaux de Van de Pol et Elbers (2012). Les résultats permettent de caractériser avec précision l’ensemble des caractéristiques de la contingence et les conditions de transfert de responsabilité.
Corporéité de groupe et effets pragmatiques de l'argument « faire corps »
Authors: Delormas Pascale 
Published: March 2024

À travers la notion de « corporéité de groupe », on s'intéresse aux spécificités de discours iconotextuels diffusés lors de campagnes de promotion institutionnelles. La confrontation de dispositifs communicationnels privilégiés par un mouvement politique lors d'élections municipales ou par des structures universitaires en vue de recruter des étudiants montre une représentation de groupes d'acteurs, en lien avec la perception sociale du corps, qui repose sur une énonciation chorique. Un ethos fondé sur l'anonymat et le refus du leadership en cohérence avec l'idéal écologiste d'une démocratie participative se trouve ainsi conforté alors que l'ethos des universités comme « groupe en soi » est requis par une approche managériale propre au contexte culturel de l'histoire récente
COVID-19 vaccine and hepatitis: A mini review
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An efficient vaccine is urgently required due to the high death rate and quick spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several reports on the side effects of the vaccine have focused on the negative effects of the COVID-19 inoculation. Clinical hepatology is quite concerned about the liver issue that manifests after receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. The COVID-19 vaccination may result in a variety of clinical problems, including hepatitis. Regarding the underlying pathogenesis, the autoimmune pathological process is usually mentioned. Immunopathological processes are likely to be implicated in the COVID-19 vaccine-related hepatitis, despite the fact that the exact cause is yet unknown.
Infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli-mimicked lupus
Authors: Ramadoss Ishwarya , Narayanaswamy Sudha , Rajamurugan Arul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Antinuclear antibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is considered a hallmark for the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) pattern is being increasingly detected in infectious diseases. Infections can mimic features of autoimmune disease and may trigger autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals. These may lead to a diagnostic dilemma in certain situations. A middle-aged woman, with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension, presented with a history of polyarthralgia, fever, altered sensorium, and status epilepticus. Examination showed hepatosplenomegaly and axillary lymphadenopathy. Investigations revealed elevated acute phase reactants, bicytopenia, transaminitis, and wedge infarct in spleen with coexistence of urosepsis with Escherichia
coli and tropical infection. Immunological tests detected PCNA by IIF and immunoblot. The patient was treated with sensitive parenteral antibiotics and on improvement discharged. Possible explanation could be due to synthesis of biofilm by invading bacteria would have resulted in formation of an amyloid scaffold such as curli. This could have transported and presented antigens for autoantibody production. Diabetes mellitus, a state of chronic inflammation, would have accentuated NETosis. Differentiating systemic lupus erythematosus from infectious diseases is challenging. They share similar pathogenesis and clinical features. The need for the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy in lupus necessitates for absolute need for new biomarkers and tests for its differentiation from infectious diseases.
Asthma prediction and monitoring
Authors: Kavitha K S , Monisha M , Nischitha M , Nisha M , Raksitha A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This literature survey paper provides a comprehensive examination of recent advancements in asthma attack prediction, with a distinct focus on the combination of machine learning (ML) and mobile health technologies. Asthma, as a complex and variable condition, necessitates personalized approaches for effective management, and this survey explores the emerging landscape of predictive tools that leverage diverse data sources. The paper reviews studies that utilize various predictors, including symptoms, physiological measures, and environmental factors, to strengthen the accuracy of predicting asthma attacks. While considerable growth has been made, the survey also highlights existing challenges such as the requirement for external validation, data privacy concerns, and the significance of larger and more representative datasets. Furthermore, the paper discusses the potential implications of these predictive models in real-world clinical practice and the ongoing efforts required to seamlessly integrate the existing asthma management strategies. As the field continues to evolve, this literature survey focuses on providing a greater understanding of the present state, challenges, and future directions in the dynamic intersection of asthma management, ML, and mobile health technologies.
Psychological and other Correlates of Academic Performance in Medical Students at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Semwal Priyanka , Kumari Ranjeeta , Rawat Vikram Singh , Aravindan Nisarg , Dhankar Anushikha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
High percentage of medical students showed multiple psychological factors that may interfere with their academic performance and identifying the problems in early stage and providing them advice is very important for their mental health.

Methodology:
The study targeted undergraduate medical students studying at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India. Selected students completed the self-administered questionnaire comprising the psychological correlates such as perceived stress scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index, ten-item personality inventory, and other correlates such as sociodemographic and scholastic characteristics. The association of these psychological and other correlates with academic performance was analyzed using the Chi-square test at P >0.05.

Results:
Students with poor sleep quality 60.2% and 57.1% of students had high-stress levels perform well in academics. 70.2% of girls and 64.5% of general category students performed well in academics. Student’s family head having a professional degree was associated with good performance in academics 64.3%. Moreover, students belonging to the upper class (69.2%) performed better. No significant association was observed between psychological correlates with academic performance but observed between sociodemographic and scholastic variables with academic performance.

Conclusion:
Among undergraduate medical students, there was no significant association of psychological correlates such as stress level, sleep quality, and anxiety trait with academic performance.
Problematic Internet Use Among School-Going Adolescents in India
Authors: Joseph Jaison , Varghese Abin , Vijay VR , Dhandapani Manju , Grover Sandeep , Sharma Suresh K , Singh Meenu , Mann Sucheta , Varkey Biji P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Problematic internet use (PIU) among school going adolescents constitutes a major area of concern. However, no comprehensive reports are available to determine the magnitude of the problem. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of PIU among school going adolescents in India.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic review and meta analysis of 15 studies conducted in various parts of India.

Results:
The prevalence of moderate and severe PIU among Indian school going adolescents was 21.5% (95% CI: 17.0%–26.8%) and 2.6% (95% CI: 1.6%–4.2%) based on the Young Internet Addiction Test (Y IAT) cutoff points of 50 and 80, respectively. In subgroup analysis, it was found that the year of publication, gender, sampling method, and severity of addiction had a significant effect on the prevalence estimates.

Conclusions:
Currently, the use of the internet is rampant in India and our findings reflect nationally representative data on the magnitude of PIU among school going adolescents. About one fifth of school going adolescents are at risk of PIU in this setting. There is a need for further research in the reconsideration of cut off points of the Y IAT among Indian adolescents.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among Police Personnel of District Gwalior- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chauhan Vikrant S. , Bansal Manoj , Sharma Vikash , Gupta Rajesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context:
Hypertension is an emerging public health problem due to its high prevalence and association with cardiovascular and overall morbidity and mortality. Police personnel constitute a special occupational group with exposure to violence and stress at work, which affects their health directly and indirectly.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of hypertension and its relation with respect to police duty profile along with other risk factors among the police personnel of the Gwalior district stationed at various police stations.

Results:
In total, 402 police personnel were included in the study. Forty (14.7%) participants reported that they had h/o hypertension, while 26 (9.5%) reported that they were diagnosed as hypertensive in recent 1–2 months. As per the findings of our study, 273 (67.91%) participants come out to be hypertensive; among them, 207 (75.8%) were diagnosed in the current study. With increase in hierarchy, more police personnel suffered with hypertension.

Conclusions:
Long duty hours, higher rank, prolonged service duration, and inappropriate eating habits are the significant factors for the high prevalence of hypertension in police personnel.
Systematic Review of Excess Mortality in India during the Covid-19 Pandemic with Differentiation between Model-Based and Data-Based Mortality Estimates
Authors: Natarajan Subramanian , Subramanian Poonam 
Published: March 2024

Background:
COVID-19 has proven to be the worst pandemic in the history of mankind. While the pandemic still continues to perplex scientists globally, attempts are being made to quantify the mortality caused by the pandemic. Official COVID-19 figures in India grossly understate the true scale of the pandemic in the country. Fatality rates help us understand the severity of a disease, identify at risk populations, and evaluate quality of healthcare. Official COVID-19 mortality figures in India grossly understate the true scale of the pandemic in the country. A COVID-19 death is defined for surveillance purposes as a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness in a probable or confirmed COVID-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to COVID-19 disease (e.g., trauma) and excess mortality is defined as the difference in the total number of deaths in a crisis compared to those expected under normal conditions.

Materials and Methods:
We did a systematic review of multiple papers on PubMed, Medline, Embase, MedRxiV pre print on excess mortality. Differentiation between model based estimated excess mortality and data based excess mortality was studied.

Results:
All the studies showed that the excess mortality was to the tune of almost three times the official figures. The model based excess mortality assumptions showed higher deaths as compared to the data based one. However, there were a lot of discrepancies in the data provided by various states along with variations observed between the two waves as well. Health survey data suggested higher mortality rate as compared to data compiled from the civil registration system. Additionally, in the second wave, a small but a significant number of deaths occurred due to non availability of oxygen and beds in the hospitals.

Conclusions:
Official COVID-19 deaths have entirely failed to capture the scale of pandemic excess mortality in India. If most excess deaths were, indeed, from COVID-19 then under ascertainment of COVID-19 deaths has been high, with around 8-10 excess deaths for every recorded COVID-19 death.
Assessment of Workplace Hygiene among Contractual Workers in the Steel and Power Industry of Odisha, India
Authors: Dehury Parthsarathi , Kumar K. Anil , Dehury Ranjit Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Workplace hygiene is vital in controlling infectious diseases in industries. The factors like unhealthy environment, unhygienic workplace, and contact between healthy and disease-affected employees cause industrial hazards in workplaces.

Objectives:
This study assessed various components of workplace hygiene among industrial workers.

Materials and Methods:
A quantitative survey has been conducted in a steel, and power industry limited in Odisha. The study surveyed 425 male contractual workers for primary data on workplace hygiene. Probability proportion to sample technique adopted for justification of the sample. The univariate and bivariate analysis models have been done according to the study’s objective.

Results:
Nearly 92% of respondents reported proper use of washing facilities, and 97% used toilet and urinal appropriately. One-fourth of respondents use personal disinfected clothing, and 92.2% have access to safe drinking water. The factors such as education, technical education, and occupation are significantly associated with respondents’ use of washing facilities, dining hall, personal protective clothing, safe drinking water, proper cleaning, and sanitation at the workplace.

Conclusion:
Workplace hygiene strengthens the safety measures at the workplace and reduces the incidences of occupational hazards.
A Case-Control Study on Mucormycosis in Tertiary Care Hospital, Bhopal
Authors: Toppo Manju , Gour Devendra , Lodha Rama Singodiya , Kamble Mugdha , Keerthana S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The term mucormycosis refers to any fungal infection caused by fungi belonging to the Mucorales order. The disease often manifests in the skin and also affects the lungs and the brain. A large number of Mucormycosis cases were detected in Delhi, Maharashtra and Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh.

Objectives:
(1) To describe the epidemiology, management, and outcome of individuals with mucormycosis. (2) To evaluate the risk factors associated with cases and control.

Methodology:
A case–control study, conducted in Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, for 5 weeks. One hundred and sixty-eight patients diagnosed clinically with radiological or pathological findings was considered a case of Mucormycosis. Control was taken from March 2020 to May 28, 2021, the list of COVID-19-positive patients obtained from IDSP, MP.

Results:
Majority of the study participants were among the age group of 51–60 years and comprising 69.6% of males. Diabetes mellitus is the major comorbidity found in both cases (87.58%) and in controls (20.0%).

Conclusion:
There is a need to stress to control hyperglycemia, and monitor blood glucose levels after discharge following COVID-19 treatment.
Evaluation of Indian Diabetes Risk Score and Random Blood Sugar Testing for Opportunistic Screening of Type 2 Diabetes Patients at a District Hospital of Gujarat
Authors: Fichadiya Nilesh Chandrakant , Kadri Ammiruddin M. , Dave Bhargav B. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
India is home to 69.2 million diabetics. For opportunistic screening of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), random capillary blood sugar (RBS) testing is used. Another method is Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), which is a simple and cost effective method for opportunistic screening of type 2 DM patients. The aim is to evaluate the screening test parameters of RBS testing and IDRS for opportunistic screening of undiagnosed type 2 DM patients.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done during February 2017 to August 2017 at a district hospital of Western Gujarat. A sample size of 317 patients was calculated using Buderer’s formula. Systematic random sampling was used and every third patient was selected from the general Outpatient Department(OPD) attendees of 30 years or more. MS Excel and Epi Info v7.2 was used for statistical analysis. Screening parameters and accuracy of IDRS and RBS were calculated taking result of the oral glucose tolerance test as clinical reference.

Results:
The mean age of study participants was 50.9 (SD 12.17) years with 44.2% males and 55.8% females. Sensitivity and specificity of RBS was 72.4% and 69.1%. Sensitivity and specificity of IDRS was 93.1% and 29.0%. On simultaneous (parallel) screening by IDRS and RBS, sensitivity was 98.3% and specificity was 23.2%. In sequential screening, where IDRS was used followed by RBS, sensitivity was 67.2% and specificity was 74.9%.

Conclusions:
This study has found that sequential screening using a simple diabetes risk score like IDRS followed by RBS is having higher accuracy and reduced cost of opportunistic screening of type 2 diabetes. Adopting sequential screening using IDRS as first step of screening followed by RBS in those found as high risk by IDRS is recommended.
Development and Validation of Scale Assessing the Preparedness of Objective Structured Clinical Examination in Undergraduate Competency based Medical Education
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Kannusamy Sivaranjini , Ganesh Karthika , Thulasingam Mahalakshmy , Lakshminarayanan Subitha , Kar Sitanshu S. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Formative assessments methods such as objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) are reliable and valid assessment tools employed under the competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum. However, there was no uniform scale to assess the attributes of OSCE for any of the medical subjects. Hence, this study was done to develop and validate a scale to assess the attributes of OSCE and make sure that the intended objectives of the OSCE are achieved.

Methods:
The scale was developed using literature review and expert opinion. It consisted of 10 questions and response to these items was based on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree.” The final version was administered among 30 students undertaking survey community diagnosis (CD) posting during their third semester. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the scale.

Results:
Two-factor structures were obtained with eigenvalues of 4.32 and 1.90. Factor 1 consisted of seven items (positively faced questions) accounting for 42.84% of the variance, whereas Factor 2 had the remaining three items (negatively faced questions) explaining 19.36% of the variance. Thus, together, the two factors explained 62.20% of the variance. Goodness-of-fit indices revealed good Comparative fit index (CFI) s of 0.90, Tucker Lewis index (TLI) of 0.87, and acceptable Standardized Root Mean Square Residua (SRMR) of 0.13. The reliability coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) for the scale was 0.81.

Conclusion:
This study develops and validates a scale that can be used universally for assessing the attributes of OSCE across all disciplines and in medical education institutes in India.
Implementation of Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Kamath Veena , Kamath Asha , Bhojani Upendra , Chugh Aastha , Bassi Shalini , Kulkarni Muralidhar M. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control necessitates the governments to take measures to protect health policy from the commercial and other vested interests of the tobacco industry (TI). Considering the vast geographical area and diversity between states within India, it is necessary to evaluate the level of implementation of Article 5.3 at the sub-national level. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the implementation of Article 5.3 in the Karnataka state of southern India.

Materials and Method:
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance Tobacco Industry Interference index was adopted and used for the study. A desk review was conducted for 2018. Publicly available evidence of tobacco industry interference was scored based on its frequency, severity, and the government’s response to it. Lower the score, effective the level of governance against the TI interference, which predicts well for the state.

Results:
The study demonstrates a score of 46 out of 95 in the implementation of Article 5.3 in Karnataka, which is lower when compared to the national score of 69 out of 100 for 2018. Corporate social responsibility, conflict of interest, and unnecessary interactions with TI are the major areas that need focus to comply with the provisions of Article 5.3.

Conclusion:
Overall, Karnataka needs to strengthen the implementation of Article 5.3 and develop a strategy in line with the global best practices. This assessment can help in identifying areas requiring enhanced vigilance to avoid industry interference.