bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SHIFTing goals in cystic fibrosis—managing extrapulmonary disease in the era of CFTR modulator therapy; Proceedings of the International Shaping Initiatives and Future Trends (SHIFT) Symposium
Authors: O'Donnell Jonathan E. M. , Hastings Lucy A. , Briody Julie N. , Chan Christine L. , Colombo Carla , Douglas Tonia A. , Freedman Steven D. , Gonska Tanja , Greenfield Jerry R. , Leung Daniel H. , Lim Adeline Y. L. , Moran Antoinette , Prentice Bernadette J. , Putman Melissa S. , Trotter Michael , Tullis Elizabeth , Westall Glen P. , Verge Charles F. , Wainwright Claire E. , Ooi Chee Y. ,   the SHIFT Symposium 2021
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) is a life‐shortening multisystem genetic disease. Although progressive pulmonary disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality, improvements in treatment for CF‐related lung disease, with associated increase in longevity, have increased the prevalence of extrapulmonary manifestations1.MethodsTo discuss these issues, a multidisciplinary meeting of international leaders and experts in the field was convened in November 2021 at the Shaping Initiatives and Future Trends Symposium with the goal of highlighting shifting management paradigms in CF. The main topics covered were: (1) nutrition and obesity, (2) exocrine pancreas, (3) CF‐related diabetes, (4) CF liver disease, (5) CF‐related bone disease, and (6) post‐lung transplant care. This document summarizes the proceedings, highlighting the key priorities and important research questions that were discussed.ResultsImproved life expectancy, the advent of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators, and the increasing appreciation of the heterogeneity or spectrum of disease are leading to a shift in management for patients with cystic fibrosis. Care should be individualized to ensure that increased longevity is accompanied by improved extra‐pulmonary care and reduced morbidity.
Retromer‐mediated recruitment of the WASH complex involves discrete interactions between VPS35, VPS29, and FAM21
Authors: Romano‐Moreno Miguel , Astorga‐Simón Elsa N. , Rojas Adriana L. , Hierro Aitor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndosomal trafficking ensures the proper distribution of lipids and proteins to various cellular compartments, facilitating intracellular communication, nutrient transport, waste disposal, and the maintenance of cell structure. Retromer, a peripheral membrane protein complex, plays an important role in this process by recruiting the associated actin‐polymerizing WASH complex to establish distinct sorting domains. The WASH complex is recruited through the interaction of the VPS35 subunit of retromer with the WASH complex subunit FAM21. Here, we report the identification of two separate fragments of FAM21 that interact with VPS35, along with a third fragment that binds to the VPS29 subunit of retromer. The crystal structure of VPS29 bound to a peptide derived from FAM21 shows a distinctive sharp bend that inserts into a conserved hydrophobic pocket with a binding mode similar to that adopted by other VPS29 effectors. Interestingly, despite the network of interactions between FAM21 and retromer occurring near the Parkinson's disease‐linked mutation (D620N) in VPS35, this mutation does not significantly impair the direct association with FAM21 in vitro.
Nutrient transformations based on sampling scheme and cropping system following subsurface‐banded poultry litter
Authors: Ashworth A. J. , Amorim H. , Moore P. A. , Adams T. A. , Nieman C. , Owens P. R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPoultry litter (PL) is an excellent source of micro‐ and macronutrients. However, surface applications result in greater nutrient runoff and nitrogen loss via ammonia volatilization. Subsurface banding PL is a promising technology for combating these challenges, but scant information exists on proper soil sampling techniques and management recommendations for subsurface‐applied PL. Therefore, objectives were to quantify the nutrient status based on sampling depth (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) and schema (systematic [0, 3, 7, and 10 cm from PL bands] and composite) to develop subsurface PL recommendations per system (annual cropping and perennial pasture). Soil samples were collected during PL application (subsurface and surface) and 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months thereafter. On average, total N, Mehlich‐3 extractable P, and Mehlich‐3 extractable K were 15%, 96%, and 72% greater, respectively, for subsurface compared to surface applications. Further, Mehlich‐3 and water‐soluble P at the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth were 4–5 and 2–3 times greater in soils receiving subsurface PL in perennial pasture and row crop systems, respectively, compared to surface applications, likely owing to lesser nutrient losses to the air, soil, and water under subsurface PL systems. Compared to surface applications, subsurface PL increased (p < 0.05) N, P, and K crop removal by 75%, 70%, and 72%, respectively, and resulted in 80% and 78% yield increases and N‐use efficiency, respectively. Consequently, subsurface PL conserved greater N, P, and K at the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth, thus increasing nutrient‐use efficiency in row crop systems and improving water quality in sensitive watersheds.
Joint beam power and pointing management in multi‐beam low earth orbit and low earth orbit co‐existing satellite system
Authors: He Mengmin , Cui Gaofeng , Wu Mengjing , Wang Weidong 
Published: April 2024

SummaryRecently, the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite has attracted much attention due to its advantages of low latency and construction costs. However, the scarcity of frequency spectrum resources has resulted in these satellites sharing the same spectrum to provide services for ground users. So, challenges such as overlapping beam coverage and inter‐beam interference occur in the multi‐beam LEO satellite coexistence scenario. Therefore, this paper focuses on the issue of interference coexistence in LEO and LEO (LEO–LEO) co‐existing scenario, where the initially established system is the primary system, and the later established system is the secondary system. The interference coexistence problem is modeled as a multi‐objective optimization problem. The joint beam power and pointing management (JBPPM) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The power control is applied to the LEO satellites in the secondary system to reduce the interference to the primary system user. Meanwhile, beam pointing optimization is adopted by the LEO users in the secondary system to avoid interference from the primary system and ensure the minimum communication ability. The simulation results verify that the proposed technique can adapt to various coexistence conditions and outperform the existing method.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Anti‐Inflammatory Potential of Amide Coupling Carboxylate Derivatives
Authors: Akbar Hafiz Sajid , Muhammad Naveed , Jan Muhammad S. , Zafar Rehman , Ali Saqib , Sadia Halima , Alomar Taghrid S. , AlMasoud Najla , Rauf Abdur , Sharma Rohit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEight new amide‐based carboxylate derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for anti‐inflammatory potentials using in‐vitro, in‐vivo and in silico studies. In cyclooxygenase‐2 assay, maximum percent antagonist potential was exhibited by sodium 4‐((4‐fluorophenyl) amino)‐4‐oxobutanoate (93.91 %), bis ((4‐((4‐methoxy‐2‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoyl)oxy) zinc (93.04 %), and bis ((4‐((4‐bromo‐2‐fluorophenyl) amino)‐4‐oxobutanoyl)oxy)zincio (2‐bromopyridine) (92.64 %) with IC50 values of 1.65, 2.08, and 0.288 μM/ml respectively. Celecoxib demonstrated 98.60 % effect with an IC50 value of 0.041 μM/ml. In LOX assay, 4‐((4‐methoxy‐2‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoic acid (97.03 %), bis ((4‐((4‐methoxy‐2‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoyl)oxy)zinc (95.45 %), and (92.53 %) demonstrated maximum percent effect with IC50 values 3.48, 0.45, and 0.83 μM/ml respectively. The standard 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitor (montelukast) resulted from a 98.39 % inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 0.194 μM/ml. In in‐vivo analysis, the potent tested compounds (5, 10, and, 20 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.001) reversed the induced edema by carrageenan. The standard drug aspirin displayed significant results (74–83 %). The standard drugs in these phlogestic agents displayed excellent results like cetirizine (67.9 %), celecoxib (81.61 %), icatibant (82.22 %) and nemesulide (87.17 %) at 5th h. The compounds displayed the inhibitory potential against targeted proteins. 4‐((4‐methoxy‐2‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoic acid, 4‐((4‐fluorophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoic acid and sodium 4‐((4‐bromo‐2‐fluorophenyl)amino)‐4‐oxobutanoate shown excellent behavior by giving negative binding energies close of standard drugs montelukast (5F1A: −7.9 kcal/mol) and diclofenac (3O8Y: −8.5 Kcal/mol). The tested compounds were proven significant anti‐inflammatory potentials.
Evaluation of the anti‐PCOS Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum (Linn.) Leaf in Letrozole‐Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Wistar Rats
Authors: Joy Femi‐Olabisi Fehintoluwa , Adebayo Ishola Ahmed , Ola Yusuf Babalola , Olanike Kolawole Ikeoluwapo , Adeola Adesoji Precious 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of ethanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves (EEOGL) on letrozole‐induced polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and determine the possible binding effects of compounds identified in EEOGL using molecular docking method. After the induction using letrozole (1 mg/kg), normal (n=4) and PCOS (n=16; 4 groups of 4 animals/group) were treated for 14 days orally with distilled water (1 ml/kg), metformin (500 mg/kg), clomiphene‐citrate (2 mg/kg), and EEOGL (50 and 100 mg/kg). 47 compounds were docked to androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate (FBP), and phosphoenolpyruvate‐carboxykinase (PEPCK) using Vina. The result obtained revealed that letrozole‐induced PCOS rats exhibited altered oestrous cycle and administration of the EEOGL at 50 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) decreased the serum insulin, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride while serum concentration of Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and High‐Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to the control. However, administration of 100 mg/kg of the EEOGL did not reverse elevated insulin and LH levels. Molecular docking revealed four compounds with at high binding affinity for at least one of the proteins studied compared to standard drugs. Ethanolic extracts of O. gratissimum has the potential to regulate the reproductive‐induced alterations in PCOS rats.
Construction of Phosphorus‐Doped g‐C3N4 Nanosheets and Activation of Sodium Percarbonate for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Gao Depeng , Zhang Rui , Liu Shuqing , Yuan Zifan , Li Yinghan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA novel phosphorus‐doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (PS‐CN) photocatalyst was prepared by thermal polycondensation and thermal stripping method, and its physicochemical properties were characterized. The results show that PS‐CN formed a thin sheet and multi‐cavity structure by thermal delamination that could enhance the surface area, light reception, and adsorption capacity. The prepared PS‐CN activated sodium percarbonate system (PS‐CN/SPC) was developed for the degradation of dyeing wastewater with methylene blue (MB) as the target pollutant and the degradation mechanism was analyzed. At room temperature (20 °C), the degradation rate of MB in PS‐CN/SPC system within 10 min (88.13 %) was three times that of pure g‐C3N4. In addition, the MB was completely degraded under visible light within 60 min. Moreover, PS‐CN exhibited excellent reusability that the degradation rates of MB have remained above 96 % in five consecutive cycles. The free radical quenching experiments showed that hole (h+), hydroxyl radical (•OH) and superoxide radical (•O2−) all participated in MB degradation, and •OH was the main active species. The PS‐CN/SPC system would provide a high‐value solution for the treatment of dye wastewater due to the low cost of raw materials, superior photocatalytic activity, simple synthesis method, and reusability of the catalyst.
The use of a focussed abdominal ultrasonographic technique in sick rabbits: Five cases
Authors: Band Sarah A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA focussed abdominal ultrasonographic imaging technique was evaluated in five rabbits. Five sick rabbits presented to a veterinary exotics centre were imaged using a rapid, focussed ultrasonographic technique via four acoustic windows, as part of the clinical investigation. During imaging, the rabbits were either fully conscious, or sedated with midazolam if they showed signs of stress. Appendicitis, megacolon, splenic pathology and an intestinal wall abscess were identified using this technique, the diagnosis being confirmed on laparotomy, histopathology or computed tomography. A liver lobe torsion was suspected in one case, with supporting evidence from subsequent monitoring and response to medical management. This rapid ultrasonographic technique identified abnormal abdominal organs providing valuable diagnostic information, without the need for profound sedation or causing undue stress to the patient, demonstrating the potential value of focussed imaging in this species.
Unsaturated hydraulic property measurements of subtropical anthropogenic (purple) soils in China
Authors: Zhuang Luwen , Chen Hao , Yan Ping , Liang Xingmei , Teixera Wenceslau G. , van Genuchten Martinus Th. , Lin Kairong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany anthropogenic soils, often referred to as red bed or purple soils, are distributed in various areas of southern China. Purple soils typically are highly weathered and often lead to natural and engineering hazards because of their relatively poor water retention properties. Knowledge of the unsaturated soil hydraulic properties of purple soils is crucial for their optimal management and various assessment studies. In this work, the hydraulic properties of purple soils from southern China were measured in the laboratory over the full moisture range using a combination of evaporation (HYPROP) and psychrometer (WP4C) approaches. Measured data were analyzed in terms of four different unimodal and bimodal soil hydraulic models. The measurements and analyses showed that bimodality was not overly significant for most samples. The good fit of the Peters–Durner–Iden models furthermore suggested that corner and film flows were important under relative dry conditions. Existing soil pedotransfer functions were found to provide a fairly close match for the slope of water retention curves with the exception of near saturated water contents and the saturated conductivity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that unsaturated hydraulic data of purple soils are provided over the full moisture range.
Regionale Unterschiede und Trends in gesunder Lebenserwartung in Deutschland
Authors: Loichinger Elke , Skora Thomas , Sauerberg Markus , Grigoriev Pavel 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Vor dem Hintergrund steigender Lebenserwartung stellt sich die Frage, in welchem Gesundheitszustand die hinzugewonnenen Lebensjahre verbracht werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist die erstmalige Berechnung regional differenzierter Unterschiede in gesunder Lebenserwartung für Deutschland.

Methoden
Das Konzept der gesunden Lebenserwartung erlaubt es, regionale Unterschiede in Gesundheitszustand und Sterblichkeit in einer Maßzahl zu vereinen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag kommt das Konzept der partiellen gesunden Lebenserwartung zum Einsatz. Mit amtlichen Daten zu Todesfällen und Bevölkerungszahlen berechnen wir verkürzte Sterbetafeln. Die Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) werden zur Ermittlung der alters- und geschlechtsspezifischen Prävalenzen des Gesundheitszustands herangezogen. Die Analyse regionaler Unterschiede erfolgt anhand einer Einteilung Deutschlands in 4 Regionen (Norden, Süden, Osten, Westen) von 2002 bis 2019.

Ergebnisse
Die regionalen Unterschiede in der gesunden Lebenserwartung in Deutschland sind größer als Unterschiede in der Lebenserwartung an sich und Trends der gesunden Lebenserwartung verlaufen teilweise anders als die entsprechenden Trends der Sterblichkeit. Diese Unterschiede im zeitlichen Verlauf variieren des Weiteren nach Alter: Während es bei der Bevölkerung zwischen 20 und 64 Jahren in der Tendenz zu einer Stagnation, teilweise zu Rückgängen in der gesunden Lebenserwartung gekommen ist, nahmen die Anzahl und der Anteil der Jahre in guter Gesundheit bei den Älteren bis Alter 79 zu.

Fazit
Es gibt auffällige regionale Unterschiede und Trends in der Verteilung der erwarteten Jahre in guter Gesundheit in Deutschland. Die rechtzeitige Identifikation regional abweichender Entwicklungen kann dazu beitragen, gezielte gesundheitsfördernde Maßnahmen zu ergreifen.
The collective wisdom of behavioral game theory
Authors: Huang Shu , Golman Russell 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We apply an algorithm from the wisdom-of-crowds literature to optimally combine behavioral game theory models to more accurately predict strategic choice in one-shot, simultaneous-move games. We find that the optimal weighted average of seven behavioral game theory models predicts out-of-sample choice behavior significantly better than any of the individual models. The crowd of behavioral game theory models is wiser than any single one of them. Different strategic choice models complement each other by capturing distinct patterns of behavior. The field of behavioral game theory is enriched by having this diversity of models.
Updated component analysis method for naturally occurring sophorolipids from Starmerella bombicola
Authors: Kobayashi Yosuke , Li Qiushi , Ushimaru Kazunori , Hirota Makoto , Morita Tomotake , Fukuoka Tokuma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) are promising glycolipid biosurfactants as they are easily produced and functional. SLs from microorganisms are comprised of mixtures of multiple derivatives that have different structures and properties, including well-known acidic and lactonic SL (ASLs and LSLs, respectively). In this study, we established a method for analyzing all SL derivatives in the products of Starmerella bombicola, a typical SL-producing yeast. Detailed component analyses of S. bombicola products were carried out using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Methanol was used as the eluent as it is a good solvent for all SL derivatives. With this approach, it was possible to not only quantify the ratio of the main components of ASL, LSL, and SL glycerides but also confirm trace components such as SL mono-glyceride and bola-form SL (sophorose at both ends); notably, this is the first time these components have been isolated and identified successfully in naturally occurring SLs. In addition, our results revealed a novel SL derivative in which a fatty acid is bonded in series to the ASL, which had not been reported previously. Using the present analysis method, it was possible to easily track compositional changes in the SL components during culture. Our results showed that LSL and ASL are produced initially and that SL glycerides accumulate from the middle stage during the fermentation process.

Key points
• An easy and detailed component analysis method for sophorolipids (SLs) is introduced.
• Multiple SL derivatives were identified different from known SLs.
• A novel hydrophobic acidic SL was isolated and characterized.

Graphical Abstract
Combining T1rho and advanced diffusion MRI for noninvasively staging liver fibrosis: an experimental study in rats
Authors: Guo Yiwan , Guo Tingting , Huang Chen , Sun Peng , Wu Zhigang , Jin Ziwei , Zheng Chuansheng , Li Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the value of imaging parameters derived from T1 relaxation times in the rotating frame (T1ρ or T1rho), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in assessment of liver fibrosis in rats and propose an optimal diagnostic model based on multiparametric MRI.

Methods
Thirty rats were divided into one control group and four fibrosis experimental groups (n = 6 for each group). Liver fibrosis was induced by administering thioacetamide (TAA) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. T1ρ, mean kurtosis (MK), mean diffusivity (MD), perfusion fraction (f), true diffusion coefficient (D), and pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) were measured and compared among different fibrosis stages. An optimal diagnostic model was established and the diagnostic efficiency was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results
The mean AUC values, sensitivity, and specificity of T1ρ and MD derived from DKI across all liver fibrosis stages were comparable but much higher than those of other imaging parameters (0.954, 92.46, 91.85 for T1ρ; 0.949, 92.52, 91.24 for MD). The model combining T1ρ and MD exhibited better diagnostic performance with higher AUC values than any individual method for staging liver fibrosis (≥ F1: 1.000 (0.884–1.000); ≥ F2: 0.935 (0.782–0.992); ≥ F3: 0.982 (0.852–1.000); F4: 0.986 (0.859–1.000)).

Conclusion
Among the evaluated imaging parameters, T1ρ and MD were superior for differentiating varying liver fibrosis stages. The model combining T1ρ and MD was promising to be a credible diagnostic biomarker to detect and accurately stage liver fibrosis.

Graphical abstract
Die Teilnahme Minderjähriger an klinischen Studien in Deutschland – Widersprüche zwischen dem deutschen AMG und der Verordnung EU 536/2014?
Authors: Gerst Christoph , Haußknecht Ronja , Ahmed Raees 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie VO (EU) 536/2014 und das AMG normieren die Voraussetzungen für die Durchführung von
klinischen Prüfungen mit Minderjährigen. Wie das Unionsrecht in Deutschland umgesetzt wurde und
wie es mit den Regelungen im BGB interagiert, wird in diesem Artikel genauer beleuchtet. Insbesondere wird
der Frage nachgegangen, ob die Regelungen aus dem BGB zur Geschäftsfähigkeit bei der Durchführung
von klinischen Prüfungen mit Minderjährigen herangezogen werden können. Sodann wird genauer
auf die scheinbar widersprüchlichen Regelungen aus Art. 31 CTR und Art. 32 CTR eingegangen. Vor
allem bei den für die Forschung sehr wichtigen gruppennützigen Prüfungen kommt es zu einem
Wertungswiderspruch. Nicht einwilligungsfähige volljährige Personen können an dieser Art
der Prüfung teilnehmen, während es für nicht einwilligungsfähige Minderjährige,
die auch nach Erreichen der Volljährigkeit nicht einwilligungsfähig werden, keine solche Möglichkeit
gibt.