bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does climate impact inflatable penile prosthesis infection (IPP) risk? Assessment of temperature and dew point on IPP infections
Authors: Barham David W , Pyrgidis Nikolaos , Amini Eliad , Hammad Muhammed , Miller Jake , Andrianne Robert , Burnett Arthur L , Gross Kelli , Hatzichristodoulou Georgios , Hotaling James , Hsieh Tung-Chin , Jenkins Lawrence C , Jones James M , Lentz Aaron , Modgil Vaibhav , Osmonov Daniar , Park Sung Hun , Pearce Ian , Perito Paul , Sadeghi-Nejad Hossein , Sempels Maxime , Suarez-Sarmiento Alfredo , Simhan Jay , van Renterghem Koenraad , Warner J Nicholas , Ziegelmann Matthew , Yafi Faysal A , Gross Martin S ,   on behalf of the PUMP (Prosthetic Urology Multi-institutional Partnership) collaborators
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Variations in climate have been associated with a greater risk of surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, and changes in the skin microbiome; however, limited data exist on the impact of climate on inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) infections.

Aim
We sought to evaluate the impact of climate on the risk of IPP infections in a large international, multicenter cohort.

Methods
We performed a multi-institutional, retrospective study of patients undergoing IPP surgery. We then evaluated whether the month or season, during which surgery was performed, affected device infections. Implant infections were defined as infections requiring device explantation. A univariate logistic regression analysis was undertaken.

Outcomes
Our primary outcome was implant infection.

Results
A total of 5289 patients with a mean age of 62.2 ± 10.8 years received IPP placement. There was a fairly even distribution of implants performed in each season. A total of 103 (1.9%) infections were recorded. There were 32 (31.1%) IPP infections in patients who underwent surgery in the summer, followed by 28 (27.2%) in the winter, 26 (25.2%) in the spring, and 17 (16.5%) in the fall. No statistically significant differences were recorded in terms of season (P = .19) and month (P = .29). The mean daily temperature (P = .43), dew point (P = .43), and humidity (P = .92) at the time of IPP placement was not associated with infection.

Clinical Implications
These findings provide reassurance to prosthetic urologists that infection reduction strategies do not need to be tailored to local climate.

Strengths and Limitations
Climate data were not directly recorded for each hospital, but rather based on the monthly averages in the city where the surgery was performed.

Conclusion
The climate at time of IPP placement and time of year of surgery is not associated with IPP infection risk.
Language Discordance in Music Therapy: A Phenomenological Study of Delivering Music Therapy Services with Interpreters
Authors: Davenport Victoria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The United States Census Bureau suggests that the number of non-English speakers is on the rise, and thus, music therapists may be faced with working with patients who speak different languages, necessitating the need for language interpretation (Dietrich & Hernandez, 2022). In efforts to explore and better understand music therapists’ experiences of delivering music therapy services with language interpreters, five music therapists were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Interviews were conducted and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five domains emerged from the data: (a) benefits of working with interpreters, (b) drawbacks of working with interpreters, (c) feelings associated when working with interpreters, (d) potential reasons why music therapists may not work with interpreters, and (e) considerations for music therapists working with interpreters. The findings provide a greater understanding of how music therapists currently work with interpreters, as well as indicate the need for increased education and awareness.
Fully automated MR-based virtual biopsy of primary CNS lymphomas
Authors: Parmar Vicky , Haubold Johannes , Salhöfer Luca , Meetschen Mathias , Wrede Karsten , Glas Martin , Guberina Maja , Blau Tobias , Bos Denise , Kureishi Anisa , Hosch René , Nensa Felix , Forsting Michael , Deuschl Cornelius , Umutlu Lale 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) pose a challenge as they may mimic gliomas on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging, compelling precise differentiation for appropriate treatment. This study focuses on developing an automated MRI-based workflow to distinguish between PCNSL and gliomas.

Methods
MRI examinations of 240 therapy-naive patients (141 males and 99 females, mean age: 55.16 years) with cerebral gliomas and PCNSLs (216 gliomas and 24 PCNSLs), each comprising a non-contrast T1-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequence were included in the study. HD-GLIO, a pre-trained segmentation network, was used to generate segmentations automatically. To validate the segmentation efficiency, 237 manual segmentations were prepared (213 gliomas and 24 PCNSLs). Subsequently, radiomics features were extracted following feature selection and training of an XGBoost algorithm for classification.

Results
The segmentation models for gliomas and PCNSLs achieved a mean Sørensen–Dice coefficient of 0.82 and 0.80 for whole tumors, respectively. Three classification models were developed in this study to differentiate gliomas from PCNSLs. The first model differentiated PCNSLs from gliomas, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.99 (F1-score: 0.75). The second model discriminated between high-grade gliomas and PCNSLs with an AUC of 0.91 (F1-score: 0.6), and the third model differentiated between low-grade gliomas and PCNSLs with an AUC of 0.95 (F1-score: 0.89).

Conclusions
This study serves as a pilot investigation presenting an automated virtual biopsy workflow that distinguishes PCNSLs from cerebral gliomas. Prior to clinical use, it is necessary to validate the results in a prospective multicenter setting with a larger number of PCNSL patients.
Hydrovoltaics brings a new solution in alternative energy: an interview with Prof. Wanlin Guo
Authors: Zhu He 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The Water Hub Project at the Three Gorges, also known as the ‘Sanxia Project’, now provides more than 1 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity daily to 10 provinces in eastern China. Facing rising energy demands and climate change, despite being the largest hydroelectric power station in the world, this project may still not live up to the vision of the inventor of hydroelectric power, Nikola Tesla, when he said: ‘Electric power is everywhere present in unlimited quantities and can drive the world's machinery without the need of common fuels.’ Hydrovoltaic technology, invented by Prof. Wanlin Guo of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), aims to generate electricity through processes such as evaporation and the motion of water droplets on synthetic nanomaterials. National Science Review recently invited Prof. Guo for an in-depth interview to discuss this exciting new technology and how it may represent the next great opportunity to transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.
The Resurgence of Standing in Judicial Review
Authors: Bell Joanna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
It is now commonplace for courts to remark that standing to seek judicial review is ‘context-sensitive’. The questions of how the courts adapt standing to context, and whether they do so appropriately, have, however, received remarkably little scholarly and judicial attention. This is perhaps because, until recently, there has been relatively little in the case law to spark scholarly interest. Standing, however, is in the midst of a resurgence. This article makes use of a distinction between three types of judicial review case—challenges to (i) favourable targeted, (ii) unfavourable targeted and (iii) non-targeted decisions—as a mode through which to explore the growing body of standing case law. In doing so, it both seeks to further understanding of how courts determine what constitutes a ‘sufficient interest’ and to highlight areas of the law in need of clarification or reconsideration.
Commercial Versus Medicaid Insurance and Use of High-Priced Anticancer Treatments
Authors: Mitchell Aaron P , Kinlaw Alan C , Peacock-Hinton Sharon , Dusetzina Stacie B , Winn Aaron N , Sanoff Hanna K , Lund Jennifer L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Because the markups on cancer drugs vary by payor, providers’ financial incentive to use high-price drugs is differential according to each patient’s insurance type. We evaluated the association between patient insurer (commercial vs Medicaid) and the use of high-priced cancer treatments.

Materials and Methods
We linked cancer registry, administrative claims, and demographic data for individuals diagnosed with cancer in North Carolina from 2004 to 2011, with either commercial or Medicaid insurance. We selected cancers with multiple FDA-approved, guideline-recommended chemotherapy options and large price differences between treatment options: advanced colorectal, lung, and head and neck cancer. The outcome was a receipt of a higher-priced option, and the exposure was insurer: commercial versus Medicaid. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) for the association between insurer and higher-priced treatment using log-binomial models with inverse probability of exposure weights.

Results
Of 812 patients, 209 (26%) had Medicaid. The unadjusted risk of receiving higher-priced treatment was 36% (215/603) for commercially insured and 27% (57/209) for Medicaid insured (RR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.67). After adjustment for confounders the association was attenuated (RR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.81-1.65). Exploratory subgroup analysis suggested that commercial insurance was associated with increased receipt of higher-priced treatment among patients treated by non-NCI-designated providers (RR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.14-2.04).

Conclusions
Individuals with Medicaid and commercial insurance received high-priced treatments in similar proportion, after accounting for differences in case mix. However, modification by provider characteristics suggests that insurance type may influence treatment selection for some patient groups. Further work is needed to determine the relationship between insurance status and newer, high-price drugs such as immune-oncology agents.
Esophageal cancer
Authors: Eisner Daniel C. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Esophageal cancer is a challenging malignancy that often is diagnosed in advanced stages, resulting in a poor prognosis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the two main types of esophageal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and reviews epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic modalities, staging systems, and established and emerging treatments. Recent advancements in treatment for resectable and unresectable esophageal cancer also are explored. These include immunotherapy, targeted therapy, sentinel lymph node mapping, radiogenomics, palliative measures, and screening measures.
Pancreatic β-cell failure, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cui Daxin , Feng Xingrong , Lei Siman , Zhang Hongmei , Hu Wanxin , Yang Shanshan , Yu Xiaoqian , Su Zhiguang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure due to a reduction in function and mass has been defined as a primary contributor to the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Reserving insulin-producing β-cells and hence restoring insulin production are gaining attention in translational diabetes research, and β-cell replenishment has been the main focus for diabetes treatment. Significant findings in β-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, and associated small molecules have served as promising strategies to regenerate β-cells. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in β-cell dynamic processes under physiological and diabetic conditions, in which genetic factors, age-related alterations, metabolic stresses, and compromised identity are critical factors contributing to β-cell failure in T2D. The article also focuses on recent advances in therapeutic strategies for diabetes treatment by promoting β-cell proliferation, inducing non-β-cell transdifferentiation, and reprograming stem cell differentiation. Although a significant challenge remains for each of these strategies, the recognition of the mechanisms responsible for β-cell development and mature endocrine cell plasticity and remarkable advances in the generation of exogenous β-cells from stem cells and single-cell studies pave the way for developing potential approaches to cure diabetes.
Integration of palliative care across the spectrum of heart failure care and therapies: considerations, contemporary data, and challenges
Authors: Chuzi Sarah , Manning Katharine 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
Heart failure (HF) is characterized by significant symptoms, compromised quality of life, frequent hospital admissions, and high mortality, and is therefore well suited to palliative care (PC) intervention. This review elaborates the current PC needs of patients with HF across the spectrum of disease, including patients who undergo advanced HF surgical therapies, and reviews the current data and future directions for PC integration in HF care.

Recent findings
Patients with chronic HF, as well as those who are being evaluated for or who have undergone advanced HF surgical therapies such as left ventricular assist device or heart transplantation, have a number of PC needs, including decision-making, symptoms and quality of life, caregiver support, and end-of-life care. Available data primarily supports the use of PC interventions in chronic HF to improve quality of life and symptoms. PC skills and teams may also help address preparedness planning, adverse events, and psychosocial barriers in patients who have had HF surgeries, but more data are needed to determine association with outcomes.

Summary
Patients with HF have tremendous PC needs across the spectrum of disease. Despite this, more data are needed to determine the optimal timing and structure of PC interventions in patients with chronic HF, left ventricular assist device, and heart transplantation. Future steps must be taken in clinical, research, and policy domains in order to optimize care.
Identifying the Cerebral Physiologic Response to Aerobic Exercise Following Concussion: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cordingley Dean M. , Gomez Alwyn , Ellis Michael , Zeiler Frederick A. 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to identify the cerebral physiologic response to aerobic exercise in individuals with a symptomatic concussion, highlighting available knowledge and knowledge gaps in the literature.

Design:
A systematic scoping review was conducted and reported in keeping with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. A search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, BIOSIS, and Cochrane libraries was conducted on June 15, 2023 (from database inception). An online systematic/scoping review management system was used to remove duplicates, and the remaining articles were screened for inclusion by 2 researchers. Inclusion criteria required articles to be original research published in peer-reviewed journals. Additionally, studies were required to have an aerobic exercise component, include a measure of cerebral physiology during a bout of aerobic exercise, exclude moderate and/or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations, and be in the English language. Both human and animal studies were included, with participants of any age who were diagnosed with a mild TBI/concussion only (ie, Glasgow Coma Scale score ≥ 13). Studies could be of any design as long as a measure of cerebral physiologic response to a bout of aerobic exercise was included.

Results:
The search resulted in 1773 articles to be screened and data from 3 eligible studies were extracted.

Conclusions:
There are currently too few studies investigating the cerebral physiologic response to aerobic exercise following concussion or mild TBI to draw definitive conclusions. Further research on this topic is necessary since understanding the cerebral physiologic response to aerobic exercise in the concussion and mild TBI populations could assist in optimizing exercise-based treatment prescription and identifying other targeted therapies.
LONGITUDINAL ADAPTIVE OPTICS SCANNING LASER OPHTHALMOSCOPY REVEALS REGIONAL VARIATION IN CONE AND ROD PHOTORECEPTOR LOSS IN STARGARDT DISEASE
Authors: Song Hongxin , Hang Hui , Li Kaiwen , Rossi Ethan A. , Zhang Jie 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the temporal sequence of changes in the photoreceptor cell mosaic in patients with Stargardt disease type 1, using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Methods:
Two brothers with genetically confirmed Stargardt disease type 1 underwent comprehensive eye exams, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, and adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy imaging 3 times over the course of 28 months. Confocal images of the cones and rods were obtained from the central fovea to 10° inferiorly. Photoreceptors were counted in sampling windows at 100-µm intervals of 200 µm × 200 µm for cones and 50 µm × 50 µm for rods, using custom cell marking software with manual correction. Photoreceptor density and spacing were measured and compared across imaging sessions using one-way analysis of variance.

Results:
Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy revealed the younger brother had a 30% decline in foveal cone density after 8 months, followed by complete loss of foveal cones at 28 months; the older brother had no detectable foveal cones at baseline. In the peripheral macula, cone and rod spacings were greater than normal in both patients. The ratio of the cone spacing to rod spacing was greater than normal across all eccentricities, with a greater divergence closer to the foveal center.

Conclusion:
Cone cell loss may be an early pathogenetic step in Stargardt disease. Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy provides the capability to track individual photoreceptor changes longitudinally in Stargardt disease.
Exhaled breath and urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for cancer diagnoses, and microbial-related VOC metabolic pathway analysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Min , Wang Qinghua , Lu Xinyi , Zhang Ping , Yang Rui , Chen Yu , Xia Jiazeng , Chen Daozhen 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The gradual evolution of the detection and quantification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been instrumental in cancer diagnosis. The primary objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of exhaled breath and urinary VOCs in cancer detection. As VOCs are indicative of tumor and human metabolism, our work also sought to investigate the metabolic pathways linked to the development of cancerous tumors.

Materials and Methods:
An electronic search was performed in the PubMed database. Original studies on VOCs within exhaled breath and urine for cancer detection with a control group were included. A meta-analysis was conducted using a bivariate model to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the VOCs for cancer detection. Fagan’s nomogram was designed to leverage the findings from our diagnostic analysis for the purpose of estimating the likelihood of cancer in patients. Ultimately, MetOrigin was employed to conduct an analysis of the metabolic pathways associated with VOCs in relation to both human and/or microbiota.

Results:
The pooled sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve for cancer screening utilizing exhaled breath and urinary VOCs were determined to be 0.89, 0.88, and 0.95, respectively. A pretest probability of 51% can be considered as the threshold for diagnosing cancers with VOCs. As the estimated pretest probability of cancer exceeds 51%, it becomes more appropriate to emphasize the ‘ruling in’ approach. Conversely, when the estimated pretest probability of cancer falls below 51%, it is more suitable to emphasize the ‘ruling out’ approach. A total of 14, 14, 6, and 7 microbiota-related VOCs were identified in relation to lung, colorectal, breast, and liver cancers, respectively. The enrichment analysis of volatile metabolites revealed a significant enrichment of butanoate metabolism in the aforementioned tumor types.

Conclusions:
The analysis of exhaled breath and urinary VOCs showed promise for cancer screening. In addition, the enrichment analysis of volatile metabolites revealed a significant enrichment of butanoate metabolism in four tumor types, namely lung, colorectum, breast and liver. These findings hold significant implications for the prospective clinical application of multiomics correlation in disease management and the exploration of potential therapeutic targets.
Kaposi sarcoma-induced immune reconstitution syndrome: a case report
Authors: Abdeljaleel Fatima , Azar Jehad , Ayasa Laith A. , Rabaia Dima 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and importance:
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease, that mostly affects HIV-infected patients with a high viral load and a low CD4 count. In rare cases, the paradoxical worsening of a pre-existing or previously unrecognized opportunistic infection occurs in a phenomenon known as immune reconstitution inflammatory response (IRIS).

Case presentation:
The authors presented a male patient in his 30s with HIV, who developed a series of complications caused by KS following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Despite ongoing antiretroviral therapy (ART), chemotherapy, and supportive measures, the patient developed KS-related IRIS, characterized by rapid clinical deterioration, multiorgan failure, and ultimately succumbed to the disease.

Clinical discussion:
To the best of our knowledge, very rare cases have been reported with KS-IRIS after the initiation of ART. Many predictors of KS-IRIS development have been identified. Patients must meet the known diagnostic criteria to be diagnosed with IRIS. The treatment of KS-IRIS depends on the stage of KS. ART alone is usually adequate in mild cutaneous KS. Chemotherapy and ART are recommended for patients with severe cutaneous and visceral KS.

Conclusion:
HIV patients with KS undergoing ART initiation or modification should be closely monitored, particularly during the early stages and in those with extensive disease. Treating opportunistic infections before ART initiation may reduce the risk of KS-IRIS. The increasing prevalence of KS in ART-treated patients with HIV warrants further attention and highlights the need for better management strategies in this population.