bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of strong ground motion in terms of earthquake magnitude, epicentral distance, site conditions and site geometry
Authors: Novikova E. I. , Trifunac M. D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe physical bases and empirical equations for modelling the duration of strong earthquake ground motion in terms of the earthquake magnitude, the epicentral distance and the geological and local soil site conditions are investigated. At 12 narrow frequency bands, the duration of a function of motion f(t), where f(t) is acceleration, velocity or displacement, is defined as the sum of time intervals during which the integral S f2 (τ) dτ gains a significant portion of its final value. All the records are band‐pass filtered through 12 narrow filters and the duration of strong ground motion is studied separately in these frequency bands. It is shown that the duration of strong motion can be modelled as a sum of the source duration, the prolongation due to propagation effects and the prolongation due to the presence of the sediments and local soils. It is shown how the influence of the magnitude on the duration of strong ground motion becomes progressively stronger, in going from low to moderate frequencies, and that the duration is longer for ‘soft’ than for ‘hard’ propagation paths, at low and at moderate frequencies. At high frequencies, the nature of the broadening of the strong motion portion of the record with increasing distance is different, and is most likely related to the diffraction and scattering of the short waves by the velocity inhomogeneities along the wave path. It is also shown that the geological and local soil conditions should both be included in the model. The duration can be prolonged by 3–5 sec at a site on a deep sedimentary layer at frequencies near 0.5 Hz, and by as much as 5–6 sec by the presence of soft soil underneath the station, at a frequency of about 1 Hz. An empirical equation for a probabilistic estimate of the discrepancies of the predictions by our models relative to the observed data (distribution function of the residuals) is presented.
A microslip model for the seismic response analysis of drained cohesionless soil deposits
Authors: Gambarotta Luigi , Lagomarsino Sergio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractConstitutive equations for drained cohesionless soils under triaxial stress states, based on a microslip model with internal friction, are proposed and applied to the analysis of the seismic response of soil deposits. The microslips, assumed localized in the discontinuity surfaces passing through the particle‐to‐particle contacts, describe the effects of the sliding and rolling between grains of sand. Once the response of the model under cyclic shearing stresses and strains superimposed on the geostatic stress state has been analysed, the constitutive equations are applied to a one‐dimensional shear model for the dynamic analysis of the layered deposits. An application to an instrumented soil deposit is then developed, the experimental results of which refer to both strong and weak motion earthquakes; the comparisons between the experimental and theoretical results point out the peculiarities and validity limits of the model. The model here developed may be applied also to the analysis of two‐ and three‐dimensional sites.
Hybrid structural control using viscoelastic dampers and active control systems
Authors: Tzan Shyh‐Rong , Pantelides C. P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractViscoelastic (VE) dampers and active control (AC) systems are studied together as a hybrid system for their effectiveness in reducing the response of seismic structures. VE dampers have properties which are both frequency and temperature‐dependent. On the other hand, AC systems for seismic structures require rather large control forces in order to be effective. The possibility of combining VE dampers and AC systems to improve the performance of both systems is examined. It is found that for the same response reduction, the addition of VE dampers to an AC system reduces the required control forces considerably, which reduces the cost of the AC system. The addition of the AC system helps improve the velocity performance of VE dampers and considerably reduces the possibility of shear failure of the viscoelastic material. Two procedures for evaluating the damping effect of the VE dampers are suggested which can be applied to either shear‐type or framed structures. Two control algorithms based on drift and velocity/acceleration feedback are compared to existing algorithms. A method of determining the weighting matrices of an AC system is presented which reduces the required control forces for certain control algorithms.
The essential oil composition of Bubonium graveolens (Forssk.) Maire from the Algerian Sahara
Authors: Cheriti Abdelkrim , Saad Amel , Belboukhari Nasser , Ghezali Said 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe chemical compositions of the essential oils from the leaves and flowers of the endemic medicinal plant Bubonium graveolens, collected from south‐western Algeria, were established by GC–MS analysis. A total of 43 compounds were identified, representing, for leaves and flowers respectively, 97% and 97.6% of the total oil composition. 1,8‐Cineole (21.5% in leaves, 16.5% in flowers), δ‐cadinol (19.1% in leaves, 13.9% in flowers) were the major compounds identified. The flower oil was characterized by a high percentage of 2,6‐dimethyl‐1,6‐heptadien‐4‐yl acetate (19.4%) and trans‐chrysanthenyl acetate (18.7%). δ‐Cadinene (12.4%) was detected exclusively in the leaf oil. This is the first report on the chemical compounds of the oil of the B. graveolens. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fusion gene‐mediated truncation of RUNX1 as a potential mechanism underlying disease progression in the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome
Authors: Ågerstam Helena , Lilljebjörn Henrik , Lassen Carin , Swedin Agneta , Richter Johan , Vandenberghe Peter , Johansson Bertil , Fioretos Thoas 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder molecularly characterized by fusion of various 5′ partner genes to the 3′ part of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene at 8p, resulting in constitutive activation of the tyrosine kinase activity contained within FGFR1. EMS is associated with a high risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the mechanisms underlying the disease progression are unknown. In the present study, we have investigated a case of EMS harboring a t(8;22)(p11;q11)/BCR‐FGFR1 rearrangement as well as a t(9;21)(q34;q22) at the time of AML transformation. FISH and RT‐PCR analyses revealed that the t(9;21) leads to a fusion gene consisting of the 5′ part of RUNX1 (exons 1–4) fused to repetitive sequences of a gene with unknown function on chromosome 9, adding 70 amino acids to RUNX1 exon 4. The t(9;21) hence results in a truncation of RUNX1. No point mutations were found in the other RUNX1 allele. The most likely functional outcome of the rearrangement was haploinsufficiency of RUNX1, which thus may be one mechanism by which EMS transforms to AML. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The new approach to assignment of ASFA categories—Introduction to the fourth special issue: Clinical applications of therapeutic apheresis
Authors: Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , Shaz Beth H. , Bandarenko Nicholas , Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) Apheresis Applications Committee is responsible for a review and categorization of indications for therapeutic apheresis. The results of the review process were previously published in 1986, 1993, and 2000 as the ASFA Special Issues. The ASFA categories consist of categories I through IV, and category P (pending). This article describes the novel methodology, based on structured systematic review of the published literature, used to assign categories for indications for therapeutic apheresis. This is the first time each entity is presented as a fact sheet, which summarizes the evidence for the use of therapeutic apheresis. A detailed description of the fact sheet format and the individual fact sheets for categories I through III and category P are presented in the main article of this Special Issue. The diseases assigned to category IV are discussed in a separate article in this issue. Information on how the Apheresis Applications Committee proposes to include new diseases for category assignment is also provided. J. Clin. Apheresis., 2007 © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Overexpression of integrin β1 inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cell SMMC‐7721 through preventing Skp2‐dependent degradation of p27 via PI3K pathway
Authors: Fu Yi , Fang Zhengyu , Liang Yulong , Zhu Xiaodong , Prins Peterbram , Li Zengxia , Wang Liying , Sun Lidong , Jin Jiawei , Yang Yong , Zha Xiliang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIntegrins may play important roles in many cellular events, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. We showed previously that overexpression of integrin β1 inhibits cell proliferation in SMMC‐7721 cells. Here we reported that one of the cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, p27Kip1 was involved in proliferation–inhibition induced by overexpression of integrin β1. Overexpression of integrin β1 upregulated p27Kip1 at the protein level, but not mRNA level. The knock‐down of p27Kip1 expression restored cell growth in integrin β1‐overexpressing cells. Cycloheximide (Chx) treatment and pulse‐chase experiments revealed that overexpression of integrin β1 prolonged the half‐life of p27Kip1 by inhibiting its degradation. Proteasome inhibitor (MG132) treatment of the cells indicated that proteasome mediated degradation of p27, and Skp2‐dependent degradation might be prevented. Overexpression of integrin β1 decreased Skp2 at mRNA level, which was regulated by cell adhesion and the subsequent adhesion‐dependent signaling. Overexpression of integrin β1 reduced cell adhesion, accordingly, inactivated the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) signaling. PI3K inhibitor LY294002 upregulated p27Kip1 at post‐translational level and downregulate Skp2 at mRNA level, which could mimic the effects of integrin β1 overexpression on p27Kip1 and Skp2. Together, these results suggested that overexpression of integrin β1 inhibited cell proliferation by preventing the Skp2‐dependent degradation of p27Kip1 via PI3K pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 704–718, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aerated and rotated mode decolorization of a textile dye solution by native and modified mycelial biomass of Trametes versicolor
Authors: Binupriya A R , Sathishkumar M , Kavitha D , Swaminathan K , Yun S E 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAerated and rotated mode adsorption experiments were carried out for the removal of a textile dye (reactive blue MR) from aqueous solution using native and pre‐treated biomass of Trametes versicolor. The effect of process parameters like contact time, dosage of adsorbent and adsorbate and pH on adsorption was investigated. The higher the dye concentration, the lower was the adsorption. Increase in biomass dosage increased the adsorption. Kinetic study showed that the adsorption of dye on fungal biomass was a gradual process, and a second‐order kinetic model fitted the present experimental data well. Experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir and Temkin et seq isotherms. Acidic pH was favorable for adsorption. Studies on pH effect and desorption show that chemisorption seems to play a major role in the adsorption process. Of the native and pre‐treated biomass studied, autoclaved biomass showed a better adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of autoclaved biomass in aerated mode was found to be 50.51 mg g−1. Aerated mode showed a better adsorption capacity than rotated mode. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Early Posttransplantation Portal Vein Stenosis Following Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Ko Gi-Young , Sung Kyu-Bo , Yoon Hyun-Ki , Lee SungGyu 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Surgical treatments have usually been preferred for early posttransplantation portal inflow abnormalities. However, these treatments are limited due to their technical difficulty and multiple complicating factors. The present study reports the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transhepatic primary stent placement to treat early posttransplantation (≤1 month) portal vein (PV) stenosis. A total of 9 patients who had undergone living donor liver transplantation underwent percutaneous stent placement to treat PV stenosis. The average interval between liver transplantation and stent placement was 13 ± 10 days. Technical and clinical success was obtained in 7 (77.8%) of the 9 patients. Of the 7 patients with clinical success, 1 died of cerebral hemorrhage within 1 month following stent placement. The remaining 6 patients have remained healthy and without recurrence of PV stenosis until the time this manuscript was completed, and follow-up Doppler ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) obtained 66.6 ± 16.1 months after stent placement revealed patent portal inflow in all of these 6 patients. Major complications occurred in 3 patients, i.e., 2 cases of hemoperitoneum caused by blood oozing from a transhepatic tract of the liver grafts and 1 case of intrahepatic pseudoaneurysm. These complications were successfully treated using surgical ligation (n = 2) or transarterial coil embolization (n = 1). In conclusion, although we did experience some procedural complications, the percutaneous transhepatic primary stent placements in our study showed acceptable technical and clinical results for treating early posttransplantation PV stenosis. In addition, long-term PV patency following stent placement was excellent. However, additional experience and further studies will be needed to verify the usefulness of primary stent placement in the early posttransplantation period. Liver Transpl 13:530–536, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Distinct Effects of Surgical Denervation on Hepatic Perfusion, Bowel Ischemia, and Oxidative Stress in Brain Dead and Living Donor Porcine Models
Authors: Golling Markus , Jahnke Cosima , Fonouni Hamidreza , Ahmadi Rezvan , Urbaschek Renate , Breitkreutz Raoul , Schemmer Peter , Kraus Thomas W. , Gebhard Martha M. , Büchler Markus W. , Mehrabi Arianeb 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The liver function and perfusion following brain death is mainly influenced by the sympathetic nerves and hormones. We examined the specific influence of surgical liver denervation on systemic and hepatic perfusion parameters, bowel ischemia and oxidative stress in hemodynamically stable BD and control (living donor [LD]) pigs. Brain death was induced in 8 pigs via saline infusion into the balloon of an epidural Tieman-catheter (1 mL/15 minutes) and compared to the control group (n = 6) over 4 hours. At 2 hours postoperatively, complete liver denervation was initiated. We analyzed systemic cardiocirculatory parameters (mean arterial pressure, aortic flow, bowel ischemia (endotoxin, and endotoxin-neutralizing capacity) and oxidative stress (total glutathione in erythrocytes [tGSHE]) and compared them to local/hepatic perfusion parameters (hepatic artery and portal venous flow, liver blood flow index, and microperfusion), local bowel ischemia (intramucosal pH [pHi] of stomach [pHiS]/colon[pHiC]), and liver oxidative stress (glutathione [rGSHL, GSSGL]). Following brain death, the parameters including mean arterial pressure, aortic flow, pHi, endotoxin, and tGSHE showed no significant changes at 2 hours. Portal venous flow and microperfusion were decreased significantly and hepatic arterial buffer response was ineffective. Hepatic oxidative stress was increased in BD animals (↓rGSHL, ↑GSSGL). Surgical denervation/manipulation increased portal venous flow significantly, hepatic arterial buffer response became effective, and stomach pHi decreased (BD and LD groups). Hepatic oxidative stress was reduced in the BD group (↑rGSHL/GSSGL; P < 0.001) while it was increased in the LD group (↓rGSHL/GSSGL; P < 0.001). In conclusion, denervation reduces hepatic oxidative stress in BD only in contrast to the LD. The reciprocal effect of denervation depends on the state of neural activation and postulates a potential benefit of surgical denervation before organ harvesting in brain death. Liver Transpl 13:607–617, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Anesthesia Care for Adult Live Donor Hepatectomy
Authors: Chhibber Ashwani , Dziak Jason , Kolano Jefferey , Norton Russell J. , Lustik Stewart 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A total of 100 patients who underwent elective lobar donor hepatectomy from 2000 to 2002 at the University of Rochester Medical Center were reviewed. Assessed clinical data were estimated blood loss, intraoperative central venous pressure (CVP), blood product and fluid administration, perioperative arterial blood gas tension and acid-base state, metabolic status, perioperative serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, prothrombin time, albumin, and lactate, procedure duration, and perioperative complications. All patients survived surgery, and the average duration of surgery (from skin incision to skin closure) was 615 ± 99.6 minutes. Mean blood loss was 549 ± 391 mL (range, 80-2,500 mL), and only 4 patients required homologous blood transfusion. The intraoperative blood loss did not correlate with CVP values. A total of 72 patients received isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution, and their metabolic variables were superior to those of normal saline group patients (arterial pH, 7.35 ± 0.03 vs. 7.29 ± 0.07; base excess, −4.3 ± 2.4 vs. 7.3 ± 3.4; and serum bicarbonate level, 20.6 ± 2.2 vs. 18.6 ± 2.9). However, the better control of metabolic acidosis was not associated with serum lactate levels or other outcome measures. Maintaining the CVP < 5 mmHg was not associated with blood loss. Clinically significant anesthetic complications were severe metabolic acidosis, pneumothorax and respiratory insufficiency immediately following extubation in the operating room. In conclusion, placement of a thoracic epidural catheter delivering a local anesthetic in addition to intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia with opiates provided safe and effective pain control in most patients. Further prospective studies should shed a light on the optimal care of patients undergoing liver donor hepatic resection. Liver Transpl 13:537–542, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Picture reconstruction from projections in restricted range
Authors: Louis A. K. , Törnig W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to reduce scanning time modern x‐ray scanners provide projections only in a restricted range [0, ϕ] with ϕ < π. We consider the reconstruction of pictures from p + 1 complete projections in [0, ϕ]. An extrapolation procedure is given to achieve approximations gp of the data in the whole range. We show that the L2‐error of the corresponding picture is of order p−α if the original belongs to the Sobolev space Hoα. The validity of our error estimate is investigated by numerical experiments.
A linear Uzawa‐algorithm for the steady‐state Navier‐Stokes problem
Authors: Hebeker F.‐K. , Martensen E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn Uzawa algorithm of Temam is improved so that the Navier‐Stokes boundary value problem is reduced to a sequence of linear Poisson problems. A simple finite element method is shown to give a convergent sequence of approximate solutions. Finally a penalty variant is discussed.
Bifurcation problems for discrete variational inequalities
Authors: Mittelmann H. D. , Törnig W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe buckling of a beam or a plate which is subject to obstacles is typical for the variational inequalities that are considered here. Birfurcation is known to occur from the first eigenvalue of the linearized problem. For a discretization the bifurcation point and the bifurcating branches may be obtained by solving a constrained optimization problem. An algorithm is proposed and its convergence is proved. The buckling of a clamped beam subject to point obstacles is considered in the continuous case and some numerical results for this problem are presented.
Reconfigurable antenna for wideband code division multiple access and Korean satellite digital multimedia broadcasting controlled by pin‐diodes
Authors: Lee Jeong‐An , Byun Seung‐Bok , Lim Jong‐Hyuk , Yun Tae‐Yeoul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA reconfigurable microstrip‐patch antenna with a frequency‐diversity function is presented. This antenna has a simple structure, consisting of a square radiating‐patch, PIN‐diodes, a parasitic patch, and a probe feed. The proposed antenna, using the PIN‐diode's on and off modes, can select either a band of wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) over a range of 2110–2170 MHz or Korean satellite digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) over a range of 2630–2655 MHz. By inserting a slot on an additional parasitic patch, the electrical length is increased and the size of antenna is reduced. The measured data agree very well with the simulation. Radiation patterns show a good shape and have an excellent cross polarization level of less than −20 dB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1334–1337, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22413
Parallel computing efficiency analysis of BOR‐FDTD code on a Beowulf cluster
Authors: Lu Yongquan , Lu Rui , Che Qing , Su Zhiwu , Yu Wenhua , Mittra Raj 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn this communication, we investigate the efficiency of a parallel BOR‐FDTD code on a commonly used Beowulf cluster which is connected via an Ethernet or Myrinet networking system. The efficiency of a parallel BOR‐FDTD code is relatively high since it only requires data exchanging between the processors on the subdomain boundary. A satellite reflector antenna is simulated by using the parallel BOR‐FDTD code in order to verify the parallel code we developed. Numerical experiments have demonstrated both software design and networking system play an important role in the efficiency of parallel processing. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1398–1401, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI.10.1002/mop.22423
Exponential time differencing FDTD formulation for plasma
Authors: Huang Sh. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe exponential time differencing (ETD) schemes are proposed for transient propagation in dynamic collision plasmas using finite‐difference time‐domain method. The formulation of ETD algorithms with the first order and second accuracy is presented. The ETD algorithms are validated by comparing the simulation results with analytical values. The numerical results indicate that the ETD schemes are accurate and efficient. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1363–1364, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22424
Periodic Green's function for skewed 3‐D lattices using the Ewald transformation
Authors: Stevanoviæ Ivica , Mosig Juan R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe apply the Ewald acceleration technique to the efficient evaluation of periodic Green's functions (GFs) for 3‐D skewed lattices like those arising in electromagnetic/photonic band‐gap (EBG/PBG) structures and metamaterials (MTMs). We develop the expression for the optimal value of an associated splitting parameter, derive the gradient of the scalar potential GFs and address the extraction of singularity for both vector/scalar potential GF and their curl/gradient. Several numerical implementation issues are also discussed leading to further enhancement in computational speed, accuracy, and numerical stability. Finally, the accuracy of the developed GFs is verified against well established algorithms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1353–1357, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22429