bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on multi-objective optimization of building energy efficiency based on energy consumption and thermal comfort
Authors: Jun Hu , Fei Hu 
Published: April 2024

Building design optimization (BDO) provides an approach for decreasing global energy consumption and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. However, energy efficiency and comfort performance are two conflicting objectives when making optimal building design schemes. This study proposes a surrogate model-based multiple-objective optimization framework to balance the conflicting objectives and obtain an optimal design scheme for buildings. Firstly, an energy simulation model for generating energy consumption and design parameters is constructed, and the obtained data are utilized to train the surrogate model with the random forest (RF) algorithm. Then, multi-objective optimization algorithms are employed to generate a set of alternative plans for building schemes and determine the optimal building design solutions that can equilibrate the requirements for both energy conservation and building comfort. To verify the proposed optimization method in this paper, a residential building in Suzhou was selected as a case study. The study considered 10 building design parameters that are related to energy efficiency and thermal comfort. The results indicate that the RF surrogate model accurately predicts energy consumption, with a predicted MSE of 0.00012 and R2 of 0.99. In evaluating the Pareto set size, Pareto solution diversity, Pareto front proximity, and best solution quality, NSGA-II proved to be the most effective optimization algorithm for BDO problems. The final optimal solution of design parameters obtained by NSGA-II obviously improves the building performance of comfort and energy efficiency, and the results of the performance evaluation for different optimization algorithms provide guidance to make decisions on suitable algorithms and hyperparameter settings based on the greatest preference of the performance criteria. This study will help determine the best design options for buildings to achieve better energy efficiency in sustainable development and provide reference for similar projects. Practical applications This research makes valuable contributions in the following aspects:(a) It establishes a multi-objective optimization design model for a virtual building environment. This enables the visualization and digitization of the building model and further facilitates the transformation of the optimization model, thereby providing users with convenient decision-making tools; (b) The study provides designers and other stakeholders with comprehensive simulation-based analysis results and optimization techniques. These tools aid in making energy-saving multi-objective optimization decisions;(c) The research compares various optimization algorithms and presents their strengths and limitations, which will help designers select suitable algorithms based on practical requirements.
Which strategy is better for lung transplantation: Cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation?
Authors: Yang Jianbao , Xie Xinling , Li Jian , Li Yongnan , Li Bin , Wang Cheng , Jiang Peng 
Published: April 2024

Background: In lung transplantation surgery, extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is essential for safety. Various support methods, including cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and off-pump techniques, are used, with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) gaining prominence. However, consensus on the best support strategy is lacking. Purpose: This article reviews risks, benefits, and outcomes of different support strategies in lung transplantation. By consolidating knowledge, it aims to clarify selecting the most appropriate ECLS modality. Research Design: A comprehensive literature review examined CPB, off-pump techniques, and ECMO outcomes in lung transplantation, including surgical results and complications. Study Sample: Studies, including clinical trials and observational research, focused on ECLS in lung transplantation, both retrospective and prospective, providing a broad evidence base. Data Collection and/or Analysis: Selected studies were analyzed for surgical outcomes, complications, and survival rates associated with CPB, off-pump techniques, and ECMO to assess safety and effectiveness. Results: Off-pump techniques are preferred, with ECMO increasingly vital as a bridge to transplant, overshadowing CPB. However, ECMO entails hidden risks and higher costs. While safer than CPB, optimizing ECMO postoperative use and monitoring is crucial for success. Conclusions: Off-pump techniques are standard, but ECMO's role is expanding. Despite advantages, careful ECMO management is crucial due to hidden risks and costs. Future research should focus on refining ECMO use and monitoring to improve outcomes, emphasizing individualized approaches for LT recipients.
Effects of exercise interventions on functioning and health-related quality of life following hospital discharge for recovery from critical illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Cazeta Bianca Bigogno Reis , de Queiroz Rodrigo Santos , Nacimento Tais Silva , Ferreira Beatriz Reis , Saquetto Micheli Bernardone , Martinez Bruno Prata , Carvalho Vitor Oliveira , Gomes-Neto Mansueto 
Published: April 2024

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of exercise interventions on functioning and health-related quality of life following hospital discharge for recovery from critical illness. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. Data sources We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro data base, and SciELO (from the earliest date available to January 2023) for RCTs that evaluated the effects of physical rehabilitation interventions following hospital discharge for recovery from critical illness. Review methods Study quality was evaluated using the PEDro Scale. Mean differences (MDs), standard MDs (SMD), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Fourteen studies met the study criteria, including 1259 patients. Exercise interventions improved aerobic capacity SMD 0.2 (95% CI: 0.03–0.3, I2 = 0% N = 880, nine studies, high-quality evidence), and physical component score of health-related quality of life MD 3.3 (95% CI: 1.0–5.6, I2 = 57%, six studies N = 669, moderate-quality evidence). In addition, a significant reduction in depression was observed MD −1.4 (95% CI: −2.7 to −0.1, I2 = 0% N = 148, three studies, moderate-quality evidence). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Exercise intervention was associated with improvement of aerobic capacity, depression, and physical component score of health-related quality of life after hospital discharge for survivors of critical illness.
An adaptive approach to developing a Long COVID rehabilitation program
Authors: Torreiter Sonya , So Peggy 
Published: April 2024

As more people became infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it was anticipated that 10-20% of these individuals would develop a post-viral illness that would affect their ability to work and participate in daily activities and reduce quality of life. To support these patients, Unity Health Toronto opened the Outpatient Post-COVID Condition Rehabilitation Program in June 2021, with the aim of teaching patients how to manage their ongoing symptoms, and to maximize their independence and function. The program incorporated a multidisciplinary, patient-centred approach that leveraged group education and a virtual platform to allow patients from across Ontario to learn from one another and share experiences. Over the two years of the program, the multidisciplinary team continuously adapted to the new research on Long COVID and evolving needs of patients. This article will outline the development and evolution of the program.
Investigation of wettability and wear properties on 3D printed Polylactic acid/Molybdenum disulfide-Silicon carbide polymeric composite for sustainable biomedical applications
Authors: Tyagi Rashi , Ranjan Nishant , Kumar Monty , Kumar Vinay , Tripathi Ashutosh , Kumar Ranvijay 
Published: April 2024

In the present work, investigations of the wettability, wear, and morphological study on 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA)/molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-silicon carbide (SiC) based composite have been performed. In the first stage, the PLA/MoS2-SiC composite was fabricated from the different types of filaments of 1.75 ± 0.10 mm size by taking MoS2-SiC as reinforcement at various extrusion temperatures (150°C–160°C) and screw rotational speed (3–7 r/min) of the extruder setup. The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array was used to design the experiments for 3D printing by varying the filament type, range of nozzle temperature (200°C–210°C), and infill density (40%–90%). The pin-on-disk (POD) setup was used for measuring specific wear rate (SWR) and showed the lowest value of 0.00141 g/N-m when composites were 3D printed by taking filaments manufactured at the parametric combination of 160°C extruder temperature and 7 r/min rotational speed, while 3D printed at 210°C nozzle temperature and 40% infill density. Contact angle (CA) values indicated that the reinforcement of MoS2 and SiC in PLA resulted in hydrophilic surface formation due to morphology and increased roughness (including mean roughness (Sa), mean root square of the Z data (Sq), and the highest peak (Sz)). The significantly increased surface free energy (SFE) of MoS2-SiC-reinforced PLA composite compared to pure PLA was reported which makes the prepared composite a promising candidate to be used for biocompatible implants with high wear resistance.
Social Mobility and Health-Related Quality of Life Trajectory Classes Among Older Women and Men
Authors: Lahti Anna-Maria , Mikkola Tuija M. , Wasenius Niko S. , Törmäkangas Timo , Ikonen Jenni N. , Siltanen Sini , Eriksson Johan G. , von Bonsdorff Mikaela B. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives Changes in socioeconomic status (SES) during life may impact health in old age. We investigated whether social mobility and childhood and adulthood SES are associated with trajectories of health-related quality of life (HrQoL) over a 17-year period. Methods We used data from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study ( n = 2003, 46% men, mean age 61.5 years). Social mobility was derived from childhood SES, obtained from healthcare records, and register-based adulthood SES. Results Logistic regression models showed that lower adulthood SES was associated with lower physical HrQoL trajectories. Among men low (OR 3.95, p < .001), middle (OR 2.20, p = .006), and declining lifetime SES (OR 2.41, p = .001) were associated with lower physical HrQoL trajectories compared to men with high SES. Socioeconomic status was not associated with mental HrQoL trajectories. Discussion Declining SES during life course may have negative health consequences, while improving SES is potentially as beneficial as high SES to later-life health among men.
MHD Casson non-Newtonian fluid flow in a channel with expanding/contracting porous walls in the presence of thermal radiation
Authors: Chari Fatemeh Nadalinia , Jalili Payam , Jalili Bahram , Ganji Davood Domiri 
Published: April 2024

In this research, we explore the impact of changing viscosity in the context of the asymmetric laminar flow of Casson fluid with thermal radiation. The flow occurs within a channel that can either expand or contract, featuring porous walls. The flow equations are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through appropriate transformations to simplify the analysis. The velocity field and temperature profile expressions are obtained using Akbari-Ganji's method (AGM) and finite-element method (FEM). The graphs show the impact of different parameters on the flow characteristics, especially the viscosity-dependent parameter, Casson fluid parameter, and expansion ratio. The fluid velocity near the lower wall increases with the Casson fluid parameter but decreases after the mid-point. The fluid velocity is more affected by the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter for Newtonian fluid than non-Newtonian fluid. The results showed that as the Prandtl number increases, the temperature decreases, while the temperature increases with an increase in the Radiation parameter. Also, An increase in the wall expansion ratio leads to higher wall temperatures, whereas a decrease in the power-law index results in reduced temperatures. The results we've acquired were cross-referenced with prior studies, revealing that the employed methods exhibit high precision. The novelty of the present work is obtaining new results through the use of Akbari-Ganji's semi-analytical method.
The Impact of Health Inequities on Population-Based Breast Cancer Survival in a Colombian Population, 2008-2015
Authors: Arias-Ortiz Nelson , Rodríguez-Betancourt Juan David , Toro-Toro Jhon Eder , Navarro-Lechuga Édgar , Jurado-Fajardo Daniel Marcelo , Cárdenas-Garzón Karen , Sánchez-Vásquez Gloria Inés 
Published: April 2024

Objective To obtain breast cancer survival estimates in Manizales, Colombia, considering socioeconomic level, health insurance regime and residential area, while adjusting for age, histology and stage at diagnosis. Methods Analytical cohort study based on breast cancer incident cases recorded by the Population-based Manizales Cancer Registry between 2008-2015. Patients were followed-up for 60 months. Cause-specific survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method for variables of interest, with the Wilcoxon-Breslow-Gehan test for differences. Cox multivariate regression models were fitted. Results 856 breast cancer cases were included. The 5-year cause-specific survival for the entire cohort was 78.2%. It was higher in women with special/exception health insurance, high socioeconomic level, <50 years old, ductal carcinoma, and stages I and II. Residential area did not impact survival. In Cox models, the subsidized health insurance regime (HR: 4.87 vs contributory) and low socioeconomic level (HR: 2.45 vs high) were predictors of the hazard of death in women with breast cancer, adjusted for age, histology, stage and interactions age-stage and insurance-stage. A positive interaction (synergistic effect modification) between health insurance regime and stage regarding to survival was observed. Conclusion Socioeconomic factors significantly contribute to the inequities in breast cancer survival, independent of the stage at diagnosis. This suggests the need for comprehensive interventions to remove barriers to accessing the health system. This research provides evidence of survival gaps mediated by certain social determinants of health and generates data on the overall performance of the Colombian health system.
An electronic trigger to detect telemedicine-related diagnostic errors
Authors: Murphy Daniel R , Kadiyala Himabindu , Wei Li , Singh Hardeep 
Published: April 2024

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic advanced the use of telehealth-facilitated care. However, little is known about how to measure safety of clinical diagnosis made through telehealth-facilitated primary care. Methods We used the seven-step Safer Dx Trigger Tool framework to develop an electronic trigger (e-trigger) tool to identify potential missed opportunities for more timely diagnosis during primary care telehealth visits at a large Department of Veterans Affairs facility. We then applied the e-trigger algorithm to electronic health record data related to primary care visits during a 1-year period (1 April 2020–31 March 2021). The algorithm identified patients with unexpected visits within 10 days of an index telemedicine visit and classified such records as e-trigger positive. We then validated the e-trigger's ability to detect missed opportunities in diagnosis using chart reviews based on a structured data collection instrument (the Revised Safer Dx instrument). Results We identified 128,761 telehealth visits (32,459 unique patients), of which 434 visits led to subsequent unplanned emergency department (ED), hospital, or primary care visits within 10 days of the index visit. Of these, 116 were excluded for clinical reasons (trauma, injury, or childbirth), leaving 318 visits (240 unique patients) needing further evaluation. From these, 100 records were randomly selected for review, of which four were falsely flagged due to invalid data (visits by non-providers or those incorrectly flagged as completed telehealth visits). Eleven patients had a missed opportunity in diagnosis, yielding a positive predictive value of 11%. Discussion Electronic triggers that identify missed opportunities for additional evaluation could help advance the understanding of safety of clinical diagnosis made in telehealth-enabled care. Better measurement can help determine which patients can safely be cared for via telemedicine versus traditional in-person visits.
Acute management of cerebral venous thrombosis: Indications, technique, and outcome of endovascular treatment in two high-volume centers
Authors: Sousa João André , Achutegui Maider Iza , Juega-Mariño Jesus , Requena Manuel , Bernardo-Castro Sara , Rodrigo-Gisbert Marc , Rizzo Federica , Olivé Marta , Garcia-Tornel Álvaro , Chaves Ana Carolina , Rodriguez-Villatoro Noelia , Muchada Marian , Pagola Jorge , Rodriguez-Luna David , Rubiera Marta , Martins Ana Inês , Silva Fernando , Veiga Ricardo , Nunes Cesar , Machado Egídio , Diana Francesco , de Dios Marta , Hernández David , Ribo Marc , Molina Carlos , Sargento-Freitas João , Tomasello Alejandro 
Published: April 2024

Introduction After several uncontrolled studies and one randomized clinical trial, there is still uncertainty regarding the role of endovascular treatment (EVT) in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). This study aims to describe and assess different acute management strategies in the treatment of CVT. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of an international two-center registry of CVT patients admitted since 2019. Good outcome was defined as a return to baseline modified Rankin scale at three months. We described and compared EVT versus no-EVT patients. Results We included 61 patients. Only one did not receive systemic anticoagulation. EVT was performed in 13/61 (20%) of the cases, with a median time from diagnosis to puncture of 4.5 h (1.25–28.5). EVT patients had a higher median baseline NIHSS [6 (IQR 2–17) vs 0 (0–2.7), p = 0.002)] and a higher incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (53.8% vs 20.3%, p = 0.03). Recanalization was achieved in 10/13 (77%) patients. Thrombectomy was performed in every case with angioplasty in 7 out of 12 patients and stenting in 3 cases. No postprocedural complication was reported. An improvement of the median NIHSS from baseline to discharge [6 (2–17) vs 1(0–3.75); p < 0.001] was observed in EVT group. A total of 31/60 patients (50.8%) had good outcomes. Adjusting to NIHSS and ICH, EVT had a non-significant increase in the odds of a good outcome [aOR 1.42 (95%CI 0.73–2.8, p = 0.307)]. Conclusions EVT in combination with anticoagulation was safe in acute treatment of CVT as suggested by NIHSS improvement. Selected patients may benefit from this treatment.
Exploring the association between weight loss-inducing medications and multiple sclerosis: insights from the FDA adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Shirani Afsaneh , Cross Anne H. , Stuve Olaf 
Published: April 2024

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that early childhood and adolescent obesity are risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility. Obesity is thought to share inflammatory components with MS through overproduction of pro-inflammatory adipokines (e.g., leptin) and reduction of anti-inflammatory adipokines (e.g, adiponectin). Recently, drug repurposing (i.e. identifying new indications for existing drugs) has garnered significant attention. The US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database serves not only as a resource for mining adverse drug reactions and safety signals but also for identifying inverse associations and potential medication repurposing opportunities. Objective: We aimed to explore the association between weight-loss-inducing drugs and MS using real-world reports from the FAERS database. Design: Secondary analysis of existing data from the FAERS database. Methods: We conducted a disproportionality analysis using the FAERS database between the fourth quarter of 2003 and the second quarter of 2023 to explore associations between MS and weight loss-inducing drugs. Disproportionality was quantified using the reporting odds ratio (ROR). An inverse association was defined when the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for ROR was <1. Results: We found an inverse association between MS and anti-diabetic weight loss-inducing drugs including semaglutide (ROR: 0.238; 95% CI: 0.132–0.429), dulaglutide (ROR: 0.165; 95% CI: 0.109–0.248), liraglutide (ROR: 0.161; 95% CI: 0.091–0.284), empagliflozin (ROR: 0.234; 95% CI: 0.146–0.377), and metformin (ROR: 0.387; 95% CI: 0.340–0.440). No inverse associations were found for other weight loss-inducing drugs such as phentermine, bupropion, topiramate, zonisamide, and amphetamine. An exception was naltrexone (ROR: 0.556; 95% CI: 0.384–0.806). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a potential consideration for repurposing anti-diabetic weight loss-inducing drugs including semaglutide, dulaglutide, and liraglutide (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists), empagliflozin (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor), and metformin (biguanide), for MS. This warrants validation through rigorous methodologies and prospective studies.
Screening of Undiagnosed Increased Lateral Ankle Laxity Using Stress Ultrasonography
Authors: Yokoe Takuji , Tajima Takuya , Chosa Etsuo , Yamaguchi Nami , Morita Yudai 
Published: April 2024

Background: Some patients with lateral ankle sprain (LAS) will experience chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). However, not all of those with residual increased lateral ankle laxity (ILAL) become symptomatic. There is a lack of evidence regarding the prevalence of undiagnosed ILAL in the general population. Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed ILAL with the use of stress ultrasonography (US) and to investigate the percentage of ankle sprain copers (ASCs) with ILAL. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) lengths in college students without diagnosis of CLAI were measured consecutively in stress and nonstress positions. The ATFL ratio was calculated as an indicator of lateral ankle laxity according to a previously reported method. The manual anterior drawer test was also performed. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) and Ankle Instability Instrument (AII) were used to assess subjective impairments related to CLAI. The correlation between the ATFL ratio and CAIT score was evaluated. Results: A total of 207 ankles from 106 participants (mean age, 23.9 ± 2.2 years; male/female, 64/42) were included. Overall, 38 participants (35.8%; 50 ankles [24.2%]) were classified as having undiagnosed ILAL. Of the ankles with no history of LAS, 8% showed ILAL. Overall, 53 participants (50%) had a history of LAS and were all classified as ASCs. Of the 82 ankles from these ASCs, 40 (48.8%) were regarded as having undiagnosed ILAL. There was no correlation between the ATFL ratio and CAIT scores ( r = -0.09, P = .414). Conclusion: The prevalence of undiagnosed ILAL by stress US screening was approximately one-third in young adults. In this study, 48.8% of the ankles from ASCs showed ILAL.