bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hard tissue alterations after socket preservation: an experimental study in the beagle dog
Authors: Fickl Stefan , Zuhr Otto , Wachtel Hannes , Bolz Wolfgang , Huerzeler Markus B. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the following experimental study was to assess bone changes in the horizontal and vertical dimension when using different socket preservation procedures.Material and methods: In five beagle dogs the distal roots of the 3rd and 4th premolar were extracted without elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap and the following treatments were assigned:Tx 1: The extraction socket was filled with BioOss Collagen® (Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and interrupted sutures were applied.:Tx 2: The extraction socket was filled with BioOss Collagen® (Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and a free gingival graft was sutured to cover the socket.:Tx 3: The extraction socket was left with its blood clot and interrupted sututes were applied.:Four month after surgery the dogs were sacrificed and from each extraction site two histological sections were selected for histometric analysis. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) the vertical dimension was determined by placing a horizontal line on the lingual bone wall. Then, the distance from this line to the buccal bone wall was measured. (2) The horizontal dimension was assessed at three different areas measured from the top of the lingual crest: 1 mm (Value 1), 3 mm (Value 3) and 5 mm (Value 5).Results: The mean vertical loss of the buccal bone plate for the Tx 1 group was 2.8±0.2 mm. The Tx 2 group showed vertical loss of 3.3±0.2 mm. The Tx 3 group demonstrated 3.2±0.2 mm of mean vertical loss.The horizontal dimension of the alveolar process was 4.4±0.3/6.1±0.2/7.2±0.1 mm at the three different levels for the Tx 1 group. The Tx 2 group depicted bone dimensions of 4.8±0.2/6.0±0.2/7.1±0.1 mm. The horizontal dimension of the Tx 3 group was 3.7±0.3/6.2±0.2/7.0±0.1 mm. When the results from the horizontal measurements were tested with the analysis of variance (anova), a clear significance could be found in particular for Value 1 mm between the test groups Tx 1 and Tx 2 and the control group (Tx 3) (P<0.001). Furthermore the mean of treatment 1 (Tx 1) was slightly significantly lower than of treatment 2 (Tx 2) (P<0.05).Conclusion: The findings from the present study disclose that incorporation of BioOss Collagen® into the extraction socket has only limited impact on the subsequent biologic process with particular respect to the buccal bone plate. The horizontal measurement of the alveolar ridge depicted that the loss of the buccal bone plate was replaced to a certain amount by newly generated bone guided by the BioOss Collagen® scaffold. It seems that the mechanical stability provided by BioOss Collagen® and furthermore by a free gingival graft could act as a placeholder preventing the soft tissue from collapsing.
Immediate and early loading of Straumann implants with a chemically modified surface (SLActive) in the posterior mandible and maxilla: 1‐year results from a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Ganeles Jeffrey , Zöllner Axel , Jackowski Jochen , Ten Bruggenkate Christiaan , Beagle Jay , Guerra Fernando 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjective: Immediate and early loading of implants can simplify treatment and increase patient satisfaction. This 3‐year randomized‐controlled trial will therefore evaluate survival rates and bone‐level changes with immediately and early loaded Straumann implants with the SLActive surface.Material and methods: Partially edentulous patients ≥18 years of age were enrolled. Patients received a temporary restoration (single crown or two to four unit fixed partial denture) out of occlusal contact either immediately (immediate loading) or 28–34 days later (early loading group), with permanent restorations placed 20–23 weeks after surgery. The primary endpoint was change in crestal bone level from baseline (implant placement) to 12 months; the secondary variables were implant survival and success rates.Results: A total of 383 implants (197 immediate and 186 early) were placed in 266 patients; 41.8% were placed in type III and IV bone. The mean patient age was 46.3±12.8 years. Four implants failed in the immediate loading group and six in the early loading group, giving implant survival rates of 98% and 97%, respectively (P=NS). There were no implant failures in type IV bone. The overall mean bone level change from baseline to 12 months was 0.77±0.93 mm (0.90±0.90 and 0.63±0.95 mm in the immediate and early groups, respectively; P<0.001). However, a significant difference in implantation depth between the two groups (P<0.0001) was found. After adjusting for this slight difference in initial surgical placement depth, time to loading no longer had a significant influence on bone‐level change. Significant influence was found for: center (P<0.0001), implant length (P<0.05) and implant position (P<0.0001). Bone gain was observed in approximately 16% of implants.Conclusions: The results demonstrated that Straumann implants with the SLActive surface are safe and predictable when used in immediate and early loading procedures. Even in poor‐quality bone, survival rates were comparable with those from conventional or delayed loading. The mean bone‐level change was not deemed to be clinically significant and compared well with the typical bone resorption observed in conventional implant loading.
Why we do what we do: Implementation of practice guidelines by family nurse practitioner students
Authors: Martin Frances 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPurpose: To examine who or what influenced family nurse practitioner (FNP) students’ implementation of Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of Blood Pressure (JNC‐7) guidelines for hypertension management.Data sources: Eleven FNP students in their final semester completed a clinical course assignment in which they each provided care to five patients with hypertension (N = 55). Written responses to a 10‐item tool eliciting patient management data as well as perceived barriers or facilitators to using JNC‐7 clinical guidelines in precepted clinical settings were analyzed.Conclusions: The extent to which JNC‐7 guidelines predicted clinical management of hypertension by student FNPs in primary care settings was congruent with the literature findings, reflecting a wide variation in implementation of guidelines from evidence‐based practice (EBP) data. The literature supports utilization of clinical guidelines in patient care. Yet, implementation of guidelines in clinical practice is a complex phenomenon.Implications for practice: Practitioners are looking for reliable evidence on which to base decision making. In the long term, EBP addresses some of the complexities of effective care delivery. The current trend is toward increasing utilization of evidence in caring for our patients. Implementation of EBP guidelines by preceptors in the workplace should increase as NP preceptors serve as role models of EBP implementation. Rewards may be important factors in implementation.
Flow cytometric detection of circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells in healthy subjects
Authors: MARIUCCI S. , ROVATI B. , BENCARDINO K. , MANZONI M. , DANOVA M. 
Published: October 2008

SummaryCirculating endothelial cells (CEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (CEP) play an important role in tissue neovascularization. In human tumours, these cells may have clinical implications as prognostic/predictive factors during antiangiogenic therapy. The lack of a standardized assay for the quantification of these rare events has lead to a wide variation in the reported ranges of CEC and CEP. This study aimed to develop a flow cytometric (FCM) method for the immunophenotipic detection and enumeration of these cells in a healthy population. Peripheral blood samples from 32 subjects were analysed. Multiparameter FCM analysis was used to quantify resting and activated CEC and CEP. The mean values of the percentage and of the absolute number were: 0.005 ± 0.004% and 306 ± 243 cells/ml for CEC; 0.002 ± 0.001% and 130 ± 110 cells/ml for rCEC; 0.003 ± 0.002% and 176 ± 150 cells/ml for aCEC; 0.0001 ± 0.00005% and 6 ± 2 for CEP. We confirmed that FCM is an accurate and sensitive method for the quantitative analysis of CEC and CEP. The determination of normal ranges of CEC and CEP is helpful in defining their role as surrogate biomarkers of antiangiogenic treatment efficacy during clinical trials in oncology.
Evaluation of the Disk Diffusion Method Compared to the Microdilution Method in Susceptibility Testing of Anidulafungin against Filamentous Fungi
Authors: Maida Carmelo Massimo , Milici Maria Eleonora , Trovato Laura , Oliveri Salvatore , Amodio Emanuele , Spreghini Elisabetta , Scalise Giorgio , Barchiesi Francesco 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT
Susceptibility testing of anidulafungin (AFG) against 32 mold isolates showed an excellent correlation between disk diffusion (DD) and broth microdilution methods. Based on our data, a 2-μg disk of AFG and a 24-h reading time might represent the best parameters for AFG DD testing against filamentous fungi.
Autographa californica
Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus 38K Is a Novel Nucleocapsid Protein That Interacts with VP1054, VP39, VP80, and Itself
Authors: Wu Wenbi , Liang Hanquan , Kan Junsuo , Liu Chao , Yuan Meijin , Liang Chun , Yang Kai , Pang Yi 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

It has been shown that the
Autographa californica
multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV)
38K
(
ac98
) is required for nucleocapsid assembly. However, the exact role of 38K in nucleocapsid assembly remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between 38K and the nucleocapsid. Western blotting using polyclonal antibodies raised against 38K revealed that 38K was expressed in the late phase of infection in AcMNPV-infected
Spodoptera frugiperda
cells and copurified with budded virus (BV) and occlusion-derived virus (ODV). Biochemical fractionation of BV and ODV into the nucleocapsid and envelope components followed by Western blotting showed that 38K was associated with the nucleocapsids. Immunoelectron microscopic analysis revealed that 38K was specifically localized to the nucleocapsids in infected cells and appeared to be distributed over the cylindrical capsid sheath of nucleocapsid. Yeast two-hybrid assays were performed to examine potential interactions between 38K and nine known nucleocapsid shell-associated proteins (PP78/83, PCNA, VP1054, FP25, VLF-1, VP39, BV/ODV-C42, VP80, and P24), three non-nucleocapsid shell-associated proteins (P6.9, PP31, and BV/ODV-E26), and itself. The results revealed that 38K interacted with the nucleocapsid proteins VP1054, VP39, VP80, and 38K itself. These interactions were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation assays in vivo. These data demonstrate that 38K is a novel nucleocapsid protein and provide a rationale for why 38K is essential for nucleocapsid assembly.
Full-Length Genome Characterization of a Novel Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Lineage (SIVolc) from Olive Colobus (
Procolobus verus
) and New SIVwrc
Pbb
Strains from Western Red Colobus (
Piliocolobus badius badius
) from the Taï Forest in Ivory Coast
Authors: Liégeois Florian , Lafay Bénédicte , Formenty Pierre , Locatelli Sabrina , Courgnaud Valérie , Delaporte Eric , Peeters Martine 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are found in an extensive number of African primates and humans continue to be exposed to these viruses by hunting and handling of primate bushmeat. Full-length genome sequences were obtained from SIVs derived from two
Colobinae
species inhabiting the Taï forest, Ivory Coast, each belonging to a different genus: SIVwrc from western red colobus (
Piliocolobus badius badius
) (SIVwrc
Pbb
-98CI04 and SIVwrc
Pbb
-97CI14) and SIVolc (SIVolc-97CI12) from olive colobus (
Procolobus verus
). Phylogenetic analysis showed that western red colobus are the natural hosts of SIVwrc, and SIVolc is also a distinct species-specific lineage, although distantly related to the SIVwrc lineage across the entire length of its genome. Overall, both SIVwrc and SIVolc, are also distantly related to the SIVlho/sun lineage across the whole genome. Similar to the group of SIVs (SIVsyk, SIVdeb, SIVden, SIVgsn, SIVmus, and SIVmon) infecting members of the
Cercopithecus
genus, SIVs derived from western red and olive colobus, L'Hoest and suntailed monkeys, and SIVmnd-1 from mandrills form a second group of viruses that cluster consistently together in phylogenetic trees. Interestingly, the divergent SIVcol lineage, from mantled guerezas (
Colobus guereza
) in Cameroon, is also closely related to SIVwrc, SIVolc, and the SIVlho/sun lineage in the 5′ part of Pol. Overall, these results suggest an ancestral link between these different lentiviruses and highlight once more the complexity of the natural history and evolution of primate lentiviruses.
Extended Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab in Breast Cancer Patients with Bone Metastases Not Receiving Prior Bisphosphonate Therapy
Authors: Lipton Allan , Steger Guenther G. , Figueroa Jazmin , Alvarado Cristina , Solal-Celigny Philippe , Body Jean Jacques , de Boer Richard , Berardi Rossana , Gascon Pere , Tonkin Katia S. , Coleman Robert E. , Paterson Alexander H.G. , Gao Guozhi M. , Kinsey Amy C. , Peterson Mark C. , Jun Susie 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to RANKL, suppresses bone resorption. This study evaluated the effects of denosumab in i.v. bisphosphonate (IV BP)–naïve patients with breast cancer-related bone metastases.
Experimental Design: Eligible women (n = 255), stratified by type of antineoplastic therapy, were randomized to 1 of 5 blinded denosumab cohorts or an open-label IV BP cohort. Denosumab was administered s.c. every 4 weeks (30, 120, or 180 mg) or every 12 weeks (60 or 180 mg) through 21 weeks. Final efficacy results for up to 25 weeks are reported, including percentage change from baseline in urine N-telopeptide corrected for creatinine (uNTx/Cr) and incidence of skeletal-related events (SRE). Safety results are reported through the end of follow-up (up to 57 weeks).
Results: At week 13 and 25, the median percent changes in uNTx/creatinine (Cr) among patients with measurable uNTx were −73% and −75% for the pooled denosumab groups and −79% and −71% for the IV BP group. Among patients with ≥1 postbaseline measurement of uNTx at week 25, 52% (109 of 208) of denosumab-treated patients and 46% (19 of 41) of IV BP–treated patients achieved &gt;65% uNTx/Cr reduction. On-study SREs occurred in 12% (26 of 211) of denosumab-treated patients and 16% (7 of 43) of IV BP–treated patients. Overall rates of adverse events were 95% in denosumab and IV BP groups. No denosumab-related serious or fatal adverse events occurred.
Conclusions: In IV BP–naïve breast cancer patients with bone metastases, denosumab suppresses bone turnover and seems to reduce SRE risk similarly to IV BPs, with a safety profile consistent with an advanced cancer population receiving systemic therapy.
Radiosensitizing Effect of YM155, a Novel Small-Molecule Survivin Suppressant, in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Iwasa Tsutomu , Okamoto Isamu , Suzuki Minoru , Nakahara Takahito , Yamanaka Kentaro , Hatashita Erina , Yamada Yuki , Fukuoka Masahiro , Ono Koji , Nakagawa Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is an attractive target for cancer therapy. We have now investigated the effect of YM155, a small-molecule inhibitor of survivin expression, on the sensitivity of human non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to γ-radiation.
Experimental Design: The radiosensitizing effect of YM155 was evaluated on the basis of cell death, clonogenic survival, and progression of tumor xenografts. Radiation-induced DNA damage was evaluated on the basis of histone H2AX phosphorylation and foci formation.
Results: YM155 induced down-regulation of survivin expression in NSCLC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. A clonogenic survival assay revealed that YM155 increased the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to γ-radiation in vitro. The combination of YM155 and γ-radiation induced synergistic increases both in the number of apoptotic cells and in the activity of caspase-3. Immunofluorescence analysis of histone γ-H2AX also showed that YM155 delayed the repair of radiation-induced double-strand breaks in nuclear DNA. Finally, combination therapy with YM155 and γ-radiation delayed the growth of NSCLC tumor xenografts in nude mice to a greater extent than did either treatment modality alone.
Conclusions: These results suggest that YM155 sensitizes NSCLC cells to radiation both in vitro and in vivo, and that this effect of YM155 is likely attributable, at least in part, to the inhibition of DNA repair and enhancement of apoptosis that result from the down-regulation of survivin expression. Combined treatment with YM155 and radiation warrants investigation in clinical trials as a potential anticancer strategy.
Advancing Treatment for Metastatic Bone Cancer: Consensus Recommendations from the Second Cambridge Conference
Authors: Coleman Robert E. , Guise Theresa A. , Lipton Allan , Roodman G. David , Berenson James R. , Body Jean-Jacques , Boyce Brendan F. , Calvi Laura M. , Hadji Peyman , McCloskey Eugene V. , Saad Fred , Smith Matthew R. , Suva Larry J. , Taichman Russell S. , Vessella Robert L. , Weilbaecher Katherine N. 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Purpose: Summarize current knowledge, critical gaps in knowledge, and recommendations to advance the field of metastatic bone cancer.
Experimental Design: A multidisciplinary consensus conference was convened to review recent progress in basic and clinical research, assess critical gaps in current knowledge, and prioritize recommendations to advance research in the next 5 years. The program addressed three principal topics: biology of metastasis, preserving normal bone health, and optimizing bone-targeted therapies.
Results: A variety of specific recommendations were identified as important to advance research and clinical care over the next 5 years.
Conclusions: Priorities for research in bone biology include characterizing components of the stem cell niche in bone, developing oncogenic immunocompetent animal models of bone metastasis, and investigating the unique contribution of the bone microenvironment to tumor growth and dormancy. Priorities for research in preserving normal bone health include developing methods to measure and characterize disseminating tumor cells, assessing outcomes from the major prevention trials currently in progress, and improving methodologies to assess risks and benefits of treatment. Priorities for optimizing bone-targeted therapies include advancing studies of serum proteomics and genomics to reliably identify patients who will develop bone metastases, enhancing imaging for early detection of bone metastases and early response evaluation, and developing new tests to evaluate response to bone-directed treatments.
The Biomedicine Convention as an Object and a Stimulus for Comparative Research in the European Journal of Health Law
Authors: Nys Herman 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe European Association for Health Law has ambitious objectives. Two of them are “to encourage and facilitate co-operation among health lawyers throughout Europe” and “to encourage and support the development of health law in European and international relations”. Comparative legal research will be an important means to reach these objectives. In this contribution the author takes a closer look at this Convention as an object but also as a stimulus for comparative research in health law. To this end relevant articles have been analyzed that have been published in this journal from its creation in 1994 until the end of 2007.
Ethnic and Cultural Diversity: Challenges and Opportunities for Health Law
Authors: Hendriks Aart 
Published: October 2008

AbstractGuaranteeing equal health care of appropriate quality implies taking ethnic and cultural diversity into account, without over- or underestimating the importance of these grounds. Besides awareness of its relevance, it is essential to have disaggregated data to better understand the relationship between ethnicity and culture on the one hand and health and health care on the other hand. From a health law perspective, it is a prerequisite to understand the conceptual and normative meaning of equality and non-discrimination, also in relation to the right to privacy, and to be aware of the need to collaborate with other legal and non-legal disciplines.
Issues in Networking and Research Funding for the European Association of Health Law
Authors: Duguet Anne-Marie , Townend David 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAll academics, perhaps with the exception of those who are hermits with independent private means, are concerned with questions of networking and research funding. The nature of academic life is to search out new ideas and revisit old ones, and to discuss these ideas with others. This requires networks of colleagues and funding to provide the basic resources of time and literature. This may be at the local level, but increasingly the expectation is that these activities should become more and more elaborate; our networks are now international, and our time and resources cost ever increasing amounts which, for many if not most academics, must be found outside the general budget of the home University. Our success as academics is measured, in increasing part, on our ability to show our networking and external funding credentials. There is a more resounding reason to pursue both networking and externally funded research: through such projects the experience of each individual can be increased such that the result is far greater than one could achieve alone. Networking and external funding are not ends in themselves, but they can and should be a great enhancement to academic life and contribution. None of this is news or a novel claim; it is simply today's environment.This paper considers some opportunities for how networking and externally funded research might help the EAHL to realise its aims in developing the discipline of health law. We, as authors, do not claim any special expertise in the area, and readers are quite justified in thinking “who are they to talk to us about what we clearly know much more about?” However, we were asked to start a discussion at the inaugural conference of the Association, and the thoughts that we present now were designed to do that. It is a discussion which will form one of the early activities of the Association. Here the paper is divided first issues concerning networking, and second those concerning research funding from sources external to one's home University. We draw upon our own experiences, and would be grateful to hear of better examples, and particularly about contradictory experiences.