bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D echocardiography derived reference values and determinants of left ventricular twist and torsion from the population-based STAAB cohort study
Authors: Napp Julia , Gelbrich Götz , Sahiti Floran , Cejka Vladimir , Pelin Dora , Schmidbauer Lena , Chen Mengmeng , Hitschrich Niklas , Schreckenberg Marcus , Frantz Stefan , Heuschmann Peter U. , Störk Stefan , Morbach Caroline 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) rotational function parameters provide in-depth information about LV mechanical function as well as prognostic information. Using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography, we identified determinants of LV “twist” and “torsion”, and established reference values using a large population-based cohort. 3D echocardiography images were recorded in n = 2803 subjects within the prospective STAAB cohort study investigating a representative age- and sex-stratified sample of residents of the city of Würzburg, aged 30–79 years, without history of heart failure. Valid 3D image analysis was performed in n = 1831 (65.3%) subjects (mean age 57 ± 11 years, 49.3% women). Using general linear models, we identified determinants of LV twist and torsion: there was a positive association between LV rotational parameters and age, female sex, and blood pressure but a negative association with body weight. From a subset of 479 apparently healthy individuals exhibiting no cardiovascular (CV) risk factors or CV disease (mean age 52 ± 10 years, 56.4% women), we derived reference percentiles for twist and torsion. LV rotation is determined by a complex interplay of sub-endocardial and sub-epicardial fibers which might be affected differentially by potential risk factors. We found a differential association with respective determinants as LV rotational parameters increased with age and with higher blood pressure but decreased with higher body weight. Further research is needed to elucidate these associations in more detail and to determine the additional information contributed by twist and torsion. To facilitate respective attempts and to set an individual’s results in relation to a population-based reference, we derived normal values for twist and torsion from a sub-collective of healthy individuals.
Double Stokes polarimetric microscopy for chiral fibrillar aggregates
Authors: Mazeika Viktoras , Mirsanaye Kamdin , Castaño Leonardo Uribe , Krouglov Serguei , Alizadeh Mehdi , Maciulis Mykolas , Kontenis Lukas , Karabanovas Vitalijus , Barzda Virginijus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a powerful tool for imaging collagen and other noncentrosymmetric fibrillar structures in biological tissue. Polarimetric SHG measurements provide ultrastructural information about the fibrillar organization in a focal volume (voxel). We present a reduced nonlinear polarimetry method named double Stokes polarimetry (DSP) for quick characterization of chiral

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symmetry fibers without data fitting that simplifies and speeds up the polarimetric analysis. The method is based on double Stokes-Mueller polarimetry and uses linear and circular incident and outgoing polarization states. The analytical expressions of DSP polarimetric parameters are defined in terms of conventional SHG Stokes vector components. A complex chiral susceptibility (CCS) model is assumed to derive expressions of ultrastructural parameters consisting of the magnitude and phase of molecular complex-valued chiral susceptibility ratio, real-valued achiral ratio, and fiber orientation in a voxel. The ultrastructural parameters are expressed in terms of directly measurable DSP polarimetric parameters. DSP is validated with rat tail tendons sectioned at different orientations. DSP can be applied to investigate the origin of chiral complex-valued susceptibility of collagen, to study modifications of collagen in cancerous tissue, and to map ultrastructural parameters of large areas for whole-slide histopathology.
Thrust-efficiency limits of a swimming tail with variable chordwise flexural rigidity
Authors: Alqaleiby Hossam , Hajj Muhammad R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Emulating oscillations performed by natural swimmers can provide different functionalities than those of propeller-based underwater robots. Yet, to successfully accomplish specific missions under limited power, there is a need to design efficient bio-inspired robots. Adding an appropriate level of flexibility to flapping caudal fins (tails) of robots emulating the thunniform swimming mode has been shown to enhance the thrust generation over a finite range of the flapping frequency. Still, in many cases, adding flexibility to increase thrust generation may require increased input power, which may cause a significant reduction in the efficiency. These observations lead to the concept of enhanced performance by varying the stiffness of the tail as in the case of natural swimmers. This study is concerned with assessing the impact of varying the chordwise stiffness on the tail deflection and flow dynamics, including contributions of added mass and circulation forces to thrust generation and their impact on efficiency. The simulation data are used to identify specific flow dynamics and tail deflections associated with the enhanced thrust generation and/or efficiency, and to define a performance limit expressed as the maximum efficiency as a function of the thrust coefficient.
The fault systems that control the occurrences of iron ore deposits in northeastern Aswan, Egypt
Authors: Abd El-Wahed Mohamed , Salem Ibrahim A. , Attia Mohamed , Younis Dina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present study combines remote sensing data (Landsat-8 and ASTER) with structural analysis to identify the fault systems affecting the distribution of the ironstone beds in northeastern Aswan, Egypt. Sedimentary rocks, such as the Abu Aggag, Timsah, and Umm Brammily formations, characterize northeastern Aswan. The Abu Aggag Formation consists of kaolinitic conglomerate, conglomeratic sandstone, and mudstone. The upper Timsah Formation consists of ferruginous sandstones, oolitic ironstone, and mudstone. Fluvial sandstone forms the Umm Brammily Formation. The oolitic sandy ironstone (2–2.5 m thick) is rich in dark red oolitic hematite and goethite. The ironstone deposit ranges in composition from oolitic sandy ironstone to oolitic ironstone. The distribution of iron minerals is extremely consistent with the iron concentration grade indicated by the Landsat-8 and ASTER Brand Ratios. Five main fault sets to control the extension of the ironstone beds: NNE-SSW left-lateral strike-slip faults (set 1); ENE-WSW normal faults (set 2); NNW-SSE normal faults (set 3); NW–SE normal faults (set 4); and NE-SW normal faults (set 5). The subsequent displacement of Set 3 faults increased the depth of the ironstone bed, which raised the sedimentary overburden load and increased the cost of ironstone exploitation, as well as the absence of iron ore exploitation zones bordering the Nile River.
Real world data on digital remote refraction in a healthy population of 14,680 eyes
Authors: van der Zee Casper , Jamal Heshow , Muijzer Marc , Frank Laurence , Vink Gerko , Wisse Robert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Refractive errors are the leading cause of preventable visual impairment, to which web-based remote refraction could contribute. We report real-world 2021–2022 data of the underlying algorithm and validated these to conventional prescriptions among healthy individuals (high visual acuity and satisfactied current refraction). Participants were 18–45 years with a spherical (S) error between −3.50 + 2.00S to −2.00 Diopter Cylinder (DC), reported as Spherical Equivalent (SEQ) in mean differences and 95% Limits of agreement. Consecutive measurements (n = 14,680) were assessed of which n = 6386 selected for validation. The mean difference was 0.01D(SD 0.69) and −0.73D(SD 0.92) for myopes and hyperopes respectively. This algorithm shows variation, nonetheless, 67% and 82% of myopes were within ±0.5 and ±0.75D. The test underestimates hyperopes (34% and 50% within ±0.5D and ±0.75D) and had inconsistencies distinguishing hyperopia. This proof-of-concept shows home testing has the potency to increase accessibility to care by delivering a valuable alternative for uncomplicated refractive assessments.
Exposing hidden periodic orbits in scanning force microscopy
Authors: Böttcher Lukas , Wallner Hannes , Kruse Niklas , Just Wolfram , Barke Ingo , Starke Jens , Speller Sylvia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The nonlinear interaction between the tip of a scanning probe microscope (SPM) and a sample is manifested in the emergence of bifurcations and unstable branches in the frequency response of a driven cantilever. While extensively investigated theoretically, exploring the unstable branch in an actual SPM experiment is lacking so far, reflecting the broader challenge in studying mechanical nanojunction oscillators under strongly varying external forces. Here we demonstrate experimental tracking of unstable periodic orbits between two saddle-node bifurcation points in the attractive regime, revealing the full set of stationary oscillatory states. This is achieved by a minimally invasive control scheme based on fast adaptive phase extraction and Fourier discretisation of the tip dynamics. Stabilization of unstable branches of oscillating AFM cantilevers opens avenues for novel experimental modes, potentially enabling ultrasensitive surface detection at considerably large amplitudes with minimal tip-surface interaction, new insights in tip-surface interaction mechanisms, as well as new AFM modes enabling arbitrary setpoint choice while inherently avoiding discontinuities.
Discovering fully semantic representations via centroid- and orientation-aware feature learning
Authors: Cha Jaehoon , Park Jinhae , Pinilla Samuel , Morris Kyle L. , Allen Christopher S. , Wilkinson Mark I. , Thiyagalingam Jeyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Learning meaningful representations of images in scientific domains that are robust to variations in centroids and orientations remains an important challenge. Here we introduce centroid- and orientation-aware disentangling autoencoder (CODAE), an encoder–decoder-based neural network that learns meaningful content of objects in a latent space. Specifically, a combination of a translation- and rotation-equivariant encoder, Euler encoding and an image moment loss enables CODAE to extract features invariant to positions and orientations of objects of interest from randomly translated and rotated images. We evaluate this approach on several publicly available scientific datasets, including protein images from life sciences, four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy data from material science and galaxy images from astronomy. The evaluation shows that CODAE learns centroids, orientations and their invariant features and outputs, as well as aligned reconstructions and the exact view reconstructions of the input images with high quality.
Effects of Individual Differences and Prosodic Focus on the Interpretation of Quantity Scalar Terms in Mandarin-Speaking 3- to 8-Year-Olds
Authors: Jiang Yuhan , Wang Ting 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
This study focuses on examining how individual differences, including biological, linguistic, and cognitive traits, and prosodic focus affect the computation biases and reaction time (RT) associated with quantity scalar terms in Mandarin-speaking children aged 3–8 years.

Method:
The participants of this study were 27 Mandarin-speaking children aged 3–8 years. They completed a computer-based sentence evaluation task, and their receptive vocabulary, nonverbal IQ, and theory of mind (ToM) skills were assessed. Additionally, parents provided insights into their children's executive functions, including working memory, planning, regulation, and inhibition abilities, through a questionnaire reflecting daily performance.

Results:
Mandarin-speaking 3- to 8-year-olds showed pervasive quantifier semantic biases versus bimodally distributed ad hoc semantic/pragmatic biases. Their quantifier pragmatic bias increased with age, working memory, and planning abilities but decreased with first-order ToM. In contrast, their ad hoc pragmatic bias improved with second-order ToM, working memory, planning, and inhibition abilities but decreased with age and receptive vocabulary. Prosodic focus reduced the number of hesitators and minimized the RT differences between hesitators and pragmatic/semantic responders.

Conclusions:
Children show a higher overall pragmatic bias in ad hoc compared to quantifier scalar terms, alongside notable individual differences. Quantifier and ad hoc scalar terms appear to have different initial interpretations, with the former leaning toward a semantic interpretation and the latter toward a pragmatic one. Prosodic focus reduced hesitation and encouraged further processing, although it did not significantly alter interpretation biases. Future studies should employ larger sample sizes and implicit measures to further explore these findings.
Carcinosarcoma Maxillary Sinus: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Puthiyottil Sanudev Sadanandan Vadakke , K. Mohamed Jabir , Edayattil Arathi , K. Suprya N. , R. Suma , Abdurahman Amina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCarcinosarcoma of maxillary sinus is an extremely rare type of cancer in the head and neck region. It is an aggressive tumor compared with other head and neck malignancies.An 85-year-old male evaluated for left nasal obstruction, swelling at the root of the nose, and epistaxis. On evaluation with nasal endoscopy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging showed an enhancing proliferative soft tissue mass, involving the left nasal cavity, with destruction of the left frontal bone, extending up to the medial wall of the orbit. Biopsy showed a biphasic tumor with malignant squamous and sarcomatoid areas. He underwent medial maxillectomy and histology report was consistent with carcinosarcoma, with positive margins. Repeat CT showed gross residual disease. The patient was treated with palliative radiotherapy in view of advanced age, multiple comorbidities, and poor performance status and poor general health. He tolerated the treatment well. Surgery with or without adjuvant radiation is the mainstay of treatment. There is no role of adjuvant chemotherapy as of now. Chemotherapy can be tried in neoadjuvant or palliative setting. Radiotherapy can be delivered for postsurgical palliation of local recurrence. Palliative radiotherapy can be offered when no other options are available or not tolerated, or to relieve symptoms, or to treat the metastases, or in case of recurrent disease. There is no evidence for role of immunotherapy or targeted agents in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. Molecular studies may pave way to the future therapeutic options for this rare variant.
Acquiring a Comprehensive Awareness of the Current Insights on Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial Malignancies
Authors: Zarekar Mohit , Satpute Apurva , Zarekar Mohini 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOrofacial tumors constitute a heterogeneous collection of pathological conditions characterized by distinct types of histology and clinical behaviors. Numerous accounts of craniofacial tumors in kids and young adults are being recorded globally. Within the pediatric population, leukemia, lymphoma, and nervous system tumors are the most common forms of pediatric cancer in developing nations; yet, when concentrating on specific anatomical regions, such as the head and neck, the incidence of malignant tumors is comparatively low. Additionally, the occurrence of oral and maxillofacial malignancy in pediatric populations is rare, varying from roughly 0.5 to 6%. The authors of this article conducted a comprehensive retrospective review of various cases and studies concerning oral and maxillofacial malignancies in the pediatric population, utilizing electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify pertinent articles. We performed a narrative review on the current aspects and therapeutic procedures related to the four most prevalent oral and maxillofacial malignancies: Burkitt's lymphoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and osteosarcoma.
Pattern of Expression of PML-RARα Transcripts in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients and Its Correlation with Overall Survival: A Retrospective Study from Western India
Authors: Gondha Shweta , Walia Prerna , Brahmbhatt Beena , Patel Jayendrakumar , Mandalia Toral , Jethva Disha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with specific molecular pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment. It is cytogenetically characterized by translocation t (15;17) (q24;q21). The location of breakpoints within the PML gene determines the formation of distinct promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) transcript subtypes which have prognostic significance. Breakpoints in intron 6 result in the long (L or bcr-1) subtype, those in exon 6 produce the variant (V or bcr-2) subtype, and breakpoints in intron 3 lead to the short (S or bcr-3) subtype.
Objectives The aim of our study was to determine the frequencies of the different PML-RARα transcripts in patients with APL at baseline and to investigate the impact of bcr-3 transcript as a prognostic factor on survival in newly diagnosed patients with APL.
Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted that included 54 newly diagnosed patients with APL. Clinicopathological parameters were evaluated in all cases for prognostic significance with overall survival. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for the quantification of PML-RARα transcripts.
Results Out of 54 patients, 53 (98.1%) patients expressed bcr-3 transcript either alone or in combination with either bcr-1 or bcr-2 transcripts. Twenty-one patients (38.9%) in our study showed expression of bcr-3 transcript only. Twenty eight (51.9%) patients in our study expressed all the three transcripts. Out of the 54 patients, 20 (37%) patients died of disease, out of which 19 patients died before completion of induction therapy. Complete remission was obtained in 34 patients (63%) after induction therapy. The survival rate for patients expressing the bcr-3 transcript alone was 66.66% as compared with 60.71% for patients expressing bcr-3 transcript in combination with other two transcripts. The survival rate for patients receiving all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in combination with arsenic trioxide was far better than patients receiving ATRA alone.
Conclusion The total leucocyte count is an independent prognostic factor in patients with APL as it was statistically significant with overall survival in our study. The bcr transcript either alone or in combination with bcr-1 and/or bcr-2 transcripts was the most frequent pattern observed.
Automated micro-plastic detection and classification using deep convolution neural network pre-trained models and transfer learning
Authors: Devipriya K. , Tlija Mehdi , Kumar Chanumolu Kiran , Kumar V. Chandra , Jana Subrata , Jana Chiranjibe 
Published: February 2025

Micro-plastics, which are plastic particles less than 5 mm in size, pose significant environmental threats due to their persistence and potential toxicity to marine life and humans. This work compares the effectiveness of several convolutional neural network (CNN) designs, including MobileNetV3Large, ResNet50V2, ResNet101V2, and EfficientNetB7, in identifying and categorizing microplastics into three groups: beads, fibers, and fragments. We evaluate the models using precision, recall, and F1-score criteria. The outcomes indicate that while all models perform well in identifying fiber microplastics, achieving high recall and moderate precision, they struggle significantly with bead and fragment categories. EfficientNetB7 and MobileNetV3Large exhibited the highest performance for fiber detection but failed to detect bead and fragment microplastics. The findings highlight the need for further research to enhance the classification accuracy for bead and fragment micro-plastics, suggesting that future work should focus on addressing class imbalance, utilizing advanced techniques such as transfer learning, and incorporating domain-specific knowledge to improve feature discrimination. This work provides the path for more efficient environmental monitoring systems by offering insightful information about the advantages and disadvantages of the CNN architectures now in use for the detection of microplastics.
“I am a fat ass but I’m also a bad ass”
Authors: Eberhardt Maeve 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, I analyze language on the reality television show My Big Fat Fabulous Life, asking how the show reconciles a positive framing of the fat female body within makeover/intervention media. Using critical discourse analysis, I focus on the presence of external “enforcers” representing cultural norms of health and weight. I argue that these normative discourses temper the show’s celebration of fatness, thus making the larger display legible to the audience as fitting within reality TV, self-transformations, and the neoliberal order. Despite explicit talk of body positivity and acceptance, the show overall reinscribes the hegemonic narrative in which the only acceptable fat female body is one whose ultimate destination is thinness, and who is actively working to get there.
LT-DETR: lightweight UAV object detection and dual knowledge distillation for remote sensing scenarios
Authors: Han Zixian , Jia Dongli , Zhang Lei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the rapid advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has amplified the need for robust object detection algorithms capable of handling aerial perspectives in remote sensing applications. Traditional detection algorithms are often difficult to simultaneously cope with two challenges in UAV application scenarios, i.e. small target detection and lightweighting. To address these issues, we propose lightweight transformer-based detector, a lightweight object detector designed specifically for UAV-based object detection in remote sensing scenarios. To solve the problem of difficult feature extraction for small targets, we propose three modules to optimize feature fusion, namely Cross Stage Partial-Omni Kernel, dynamic sampling (DySample), and Lightweight Group Convolution Channel Shuffle. In order to improve the real-time operation of the model, we adopt a dual knowledge distillation strategy that combines feature distillation and logical distillation, which maintains the original accuracy while the model is lightweight. Experimental results on the VisDrone 2019 and TinyPerson datasets show that Our model achieves state-of-the-art performance while decreasing the network parameters and computation by nearly 50%.