bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
in vivo effects of combination treatment with recombinant interferon‐gamma and ‐alpha in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Osanto Susanne , Jansen Rumo , Naipal Albert M. I. H. , Gratama Jan‐Willem , Van Leeuwen Aad , Cleton Frans J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the combination of recombinant interferon gamma (rIFN‐γ) and alpha (rIFN‐α) was investigated in 15 patients with metastatic melanoma. Patients were treated with an escalating dose of rIFN‐γ and a fixed dose of rIFN‐α administered s.c. 3 times a week. The maximum dose was well tolerated. The median survival time of the patients was 7 months; no clinical remissions were observed. In the majority of cases, expression of HLA class‐I and ‐II antigens on the patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes increased markedly during treatment. An increase in HLA‐DR expression of peripheral blood T lymphocytes was correlated with a longer survival time. This suggests that activation of T lymphocytes may have a favourable influence on the course of metastatic disease. The in vitro anti‐proliferative activity of IFNs on melanoma cell lines isolated from melanoma metastases during treatment of 3 patients was determined. In contrast to the lack of in vivo anti‐tumour effect in patients, both rIFN‐γ and rIFN‐α inhibited DNA synthesis of these melanoma cell lines in vitro, combined IFNs acting synergistically. Anti‐proliferative activity observed in vitro occurred at IFN concentrations below the peak serum levels achieved in vivo.
Relationship between clinical stage, histopathology and antibody titers against the second epstein‐barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA‐2) in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma patients
Authors: Masucci G. , Mellstedt H. , Henle G. , Henle W. , Rymo L. , Masucci M. G. , Ernberg I. , Klein G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients with centroblastic (Cb) or centroblastic‐centrocytic (Cb/Cc)‐diffuse lymphomas, immunocytoma (IC) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in clinical stages III‐IV and with active disease (highly malignant group) were compared to NHL patients with CLL, IC, and centrocytic (Cc) or centroblastic‐centrocytic (Cb‐Cc)‐diffuse/follicular lymphomas, in clinical stages I‐II and with inactive disease (low malignant group) based on the presence of antibodies to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen I (EBNA‐I) and 2 (EBNA‐2). In the highly malignant group, anti‐EBNA‐1 geometric mean titers (GMT) were 13.2 (range <2‐80) and anti‐EBNA‐2 60.6 (range: 20‐320). The ratio between the logarithms of anti‐EBNA‐1 and anti‐EBNA‐2 antibody titers was <1.0 (mean: 0.32) in all the patients examined. In 6 out of 8 patients of the low malignant group, anti‐EBNA‐I titers were higher (mean: 30.1; range 10‐160) than anti‐EBNA‐2 titers (mean: 4.3; range <2‐80) and the EBNA 1/2 ratio was >1.0. In healthy EBV‐seropositive individuals, anti‐EBNA‐I GMT were 49 (range: 10‐320) and only 5 out of 17 individuals had detectable anti‐EBNA‐2 titers (GMT: 3; range <5‐20). The EBNA‐1/2 ratio was in all cases >1. Among patients of the highly and low malignant groups, patients with follicular‐cell‐derived lymphomas had elevated antibody titers against the restricted component of early antigens (EAR), whereas all patients with IC and 2 out of 4 CLL patients had elevated antibody titers against the diffuse component of early antigens (EA‐D). The results indicate that the ratio between anti‐EBNA‐1 and anti‐EBNA‐2 antibody titers may be of diagnostic importance in patients with immunodeficiencies.
A case‐control study of diet and invasive cervical cancer
Authors: Verreault René , Chu Joseph , Mandelson Margaret , Shy Kirk 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA population‐based case‐control study was conducted to assess the relation of diet, especially intake of vitamins A, C and E and of folic acid, to the risk of invasive cervical cancer. Cases were 189 women diagnosed with cervical carcinoma between 1979 and 1983 in 3 counties of the Seattle area. Controls (N = 227) were selected through random digit dialling. Diet during the year preceding diagnosis was assessed by interview, using a food frequency questionnaire covering the intake of 66 food items. After adjustment for known risk factors, frequent consumption of dark green or yellow vegetables and of fruit juices was related to a reduced risk of cervical cancer. Similarly, high dietary intake of carotene was associated with a lower risk of the disease, especially of the squamous‐cell type. There was an inverse relationship between vitamin C intake and the risk of cervical carcinoma. The adjusted relative risk (RR) was 0.5 (95% confidence interval: 0.2‐1.0) for the highest quartile of intake compared to a RR of 1.0 for the first quartile. High vitamin E intake was also related to a reduced risk, the risk for women in the highest quartile being only one‐third of the risk for those in the first quartile. Intake of pre‐formed vitamin A and of folic acid was not related to the risk of cervix cancer. Thus, our study suggests that the risk of invasive cervical carcinoma might be influenced by some aspects of diet.
The cost‐effectiveness of breast cancer screening
Authors: Van Der Maas Paul J. , De Koning Harry J. , Van Ineveld B. Martin , Van Oortmarssen Gerrit J. , Habbema J. Dik F. , Lubbe Koos Th. N. , Geerts Ada T. , Collette Hubertine J. A. , Verbeek André L. M. , Hendriks Jan H. C. L. , Rombach Jan J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe costs and effects of different invitation schedules of breast cancer screening are compared. The effect estimates are based on trials from the USA, Sweden and the Netherlands. The cost estimates use registration data, file studies and organization charts. The calculations were performed with the MISCAN computer simulation package, which is developed especially for the evaluation of mass screening programmes. Screening women of 50–70 years at 2‐yearly intervals is a relatively cost‐effective schedule. In a real population, it will reduce breast cancer mortality by 12%. Screening of women under 50 is probably far less cost‐effective. Screening induces a considerable shift towards breast‐conserving therapy. Although a 12% mortality reduction may seem low, in absolute numbers this represents more than the total mortality from, e.g., cervical cancer. Moreover, cost per death prevented or per life‐year saved is much lower than for most other medical interventions for which cost‐effectiveness ratios are known, screening for cervical cancer included.
Marker profile of mesothelial cells versus ovarian carcinoma cells
Authors: Van Niekerk C. C. , Jap P. H. K. , Thomas C. M. G. , Smeets D. F. C. M. , Ramaekers F. C. S. , Poels L. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated the marker profile of human ascitic and cultured mesothelial cells, and compared it to that of ovarian carcinoma cells which are related in terms of their histogenesis, unrelated colon carcinomas being used as reference. Mesothelial and ovarian carcinoma cells could not be distinguished by (intermediate) filament typing, using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to keratins, vimentins and desmins. Colon carcinomas differed from mesothelial cells and ovarian carcinomas by the absence of keratin‐7 filaments. The epithelial marker BW 495/36 was completely negative on mesothelial cells and positive on all ovarian and colon carcinoma cells. While CEA was found on about 85% of all colon carcinomas, CEA expression on mesothelial cells and ovarian carcinoma cells was below 20%. The ovarian carcinoma markers (OV‐TL 3, OV‐TL 10, OC 125, MOV 18) were strongly positive on ovarian carcinomas and negative on colon carcinomas (or limited to traces of immunofluorescence on some samples). Although the mesothelial cells showed weak or negative reactivity with these markers, OC 125 antigen was found by immunoelectron microscopy on the surface of cultured mesothelial cells, and was shed in the culture supernatant at concentrations of 50, 28, and 25 CA 125 U/ml/104 positive cells. This suggests that mesothelial cells may be responsible for the synthesis of CA 125 in ascitic fluid. The data indicate that ovarian carcinomas, mesothelial cells and colon carcinomas can be distinguished using a combination of anti‐keratin antibodies with BW 495/36 and anti‐ovarian carcinoma markers.
Formation of multinucleated cells in a Hodgkin's‐disease‐derived cell line
Authors: Drexler Hans G. , Gignac Suzanne M. , Hoffbrand A. Victor , Minowada Jun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe proliferative potential of multinucleated Reed‐Sternberg‐like cells and the process of multinuclear formation were studied on the Hodgkin's‐disease‐derived cell line HDLM‐2. No difference in surface antigen expression was found between mono‐ and multinucleated cells as determined by immunolabelling with characteristic markers. After sorting and reculture of purified mononucleated cells, polykaryons emerged subsequently in these cultures, indicating that mononucleated cells give rise to multinucleated variants. The morphological observation of mitotic figures and immunostaining with the cell cycle indicators Ki‐67 and BrdU provided evidence of DNA synthesis and nuclear division in multinucleated cells. The presence of mitotic figures demonstrated that multinucleated cells are able to undergo synchronous nuclear division. However, while polykaryons were clearly mitotically active and capable of DNA synthesis, the absence of telophases and the failure of active replication suggest a disturbed cytokinesis. Co‐cultivation of BrdU‐labelled and unlabelled populations did not lead to hybrid polykaryons with negative and positive nuclei. Therefore, multinucleated giant cell formation of HDLM‐2 cells appears to involve nuclear endomitosis without cell division rather than cell fusion.
The Mr 140,000 fibronectin receptor complex in normal and virus‐transformed human fibroblasts and in fibrosarcoma cells: Identical localization and function
Authors: Ylänne Jari , Virtanen Ismo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the function and localization of the fibronectin receptor complex in cultured normal and SV40‐transformed human fibroblasts and in human fibrosarcoma cells by using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the β sub‐unit of the receptor. Immunoprecipitation, fibronectin fragment affinity chromatography and immunoblotting results suggested that all the cells studied had similar amounts of the receptor. In normal fibroblasts MAbs additionally immunoprecipitated a smaller polypeptide, revealed as the precursor for the β subunit and another polypeptide shown to be the α sub‐unit of the VLA‐1 complex. The emergence of vinculin‐positive focal adhesion sites and actin stress fibers was slower in the malignant cells than in normal fibroblasts when the cells were plated on non‐coated glass‐substrate in serum‐free conditions and the fibronectin receptor complex did not become located to focal adhesions in any of the cells studied. Added substratum‐bound but not soluble fibronectin mediated assembly of the fibronectin receptor complex to the focal adhesions in both normal and malignant cells. On fibronectin‐coated growth substrate stress fibers also emerged as rapidly in the malignant cells as in normal fibroblasts. In all the cells the receptor complex, however, became largely dissociated from the focal adhesions within 48 hr. In cell adhesion conditions MAb against the α sub‐unit of VLA‐1 complex revealed an even cell‐surface labelling in normal fibroblasts and lack of labelling in malignant cells.
Effects of dimethylsulfoxide on friend erythroleukemic cell proliferation and on the activity of enzymes involved in this process
Authors: Liotti F. S. , Menghini A. R. , Guerrieri P. , Bianchi R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVariations in catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GP) and adenylate cyclase (AC) activity in murine erythroleukemic (MEL) cells were studied during multiplication and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)‐induced differentiation. The results demonstrated that, although DMSO favors the incorporation of 3H‐thymidine into DNA of treated cells, it slows down cell multiplication. Increased incorporation was also observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD)‐treated cells. DMSO also determined an early and significant drop in AC activity and a late fall in catalase activity, whereas there was no significant variation in GP activity in parallel with the decreased cell multiplication that accompanied cell differentiation. We hypothesize that DMSO and SOD favor 3H‐thymidine incorporation by neutralizing the reactive forms of oxygen and that the reduction in catalase and AC activity is closely related to the mitotic activity of MEL cells.
Direct and serial transplantation of Ph1‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia into nude mice
Authors: Miyagi T. , Kubonishi I. , Ohtsuki Y. , Ohyashiki J. H. , Toyama K. , Miyoshi I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line was established in nude mice by direct and serial transplantation of peripheral blood leukemia cells from an adult patient. Although the patient's leukemia cells did not grow in vitro, they were successfully transplanted for 8 serial passages, giving rise to progressive growth of tumors with frequent involvement of lymph nodes, liver, spleen, bone marrow, and meninges. The tumor cells could also be passaged in an ascites form. This in vivo cell line, designated PALL‐1, retained the Ph1 chromosome, t(9;22) (q34;q11), and pre‐B‐cell phenotype (SmIg−, CpIg−, CD10+, CD19+, OKIal+, and CD38+), like the original leukemia cells. Molecular genetic analysis of PALL‐1 cells revealed neither bcr rearrangement nor 8.5‐kb abl‐related mRNA that is characteristically seen in Ph1‐positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Thus, the PALL‐1 cell line is genetically distinct from CML. It may provide a useful model for an understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of Ph1‐positive ALL without classical bcr rearrangement.
Polyoma t‐antigen‐derived synthetic peptides induce polyoma‐virus‐specific macrophage migration inhibition
Authors: Reinholdsson Git , Ramqvist Torbjörn , Sziget Robert , Dalianis Tina 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynthetic peptides, 2 derived from the sequence common to small, middle and large T‐antigen, and I derived from the sequence unique for middle T, activated lymphocytes from polyoma‐virus‐immunized, but not from control mice, to release the lymphokine migration inhibitory factor (MIF). In contrast, purified, bacterially grown, full‐length small T‐antigen and a middle T‐antigen mutant Py 1387T MT (lacking 37 C‐terminal amino acids) did not induce lymphokine release, although they were capable of inducing an antipolyoma TSTA response in vivo.
Influence of shear stress on tumor‐cell adhesion to endothelial‐cell extracellular matrix and its modulation by fibronectin
Authors: Bastida Eva , Almirall Lourdes , Bertomeu M. Cruz , Ordinas Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe interaction of malignant cells with blood‐vessel endothelial cells and their underlying basement membrane is an important step in the development of secondary metastases. We investigated the interactions of highly metastatic human tumor cells, the A‐549 adenocarcinoma of the lung, with cultured endothelial cells (EC) and their extracellular matrix (ECM). We studied the adhesion patterns of the A‐549 tumor cells to EC and ECM under static and flow conditions. Our results provide evidence that tumor‐cell adhesion depends not only on the characteristics of the tumor cells themselves, but also on the properties of the EC and ECM. Our results also indicate that tumor‐cell adhesion to ECM is shear‐rate‐dependent, and that it is partially modulated by fibronectin. Moreover, our results suggest that the arg‐gly‐asp (RGD) common adhesion receptor site is also involved in the adhesion of the A‐549 cells to EC and ECM.
Co‐inoculation of tumorigenic rat prostate mesenchymal cells with non‐tumorigenic epithelial cells results in the development of carcinosarcoma in syngeneic and athymic animals
Authors: Chung Leland W. K. , Chang Shi‐Ming , Bell Carol , Zhau Haiyen E. , Ro Jae Y. , Von Eschenbach Andrew C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCo‐inoculation of NbF‐I and NbE‐I s.c. into either adult male syngeneic rats or athymic nude mice induced the development of tumors that resembled carcinosarcoma on histopathologic evaluation. These tumors were composed of a mixture of adenocarcinoma and fibrosarcoma and were induced by the mixtures of NbF‐I and NbE‐I cells at a ratio ranging from 0.001 to 3.2; inoculation of NbF‐I alone resulted in the development of fibrosarcoma. Flow‐cytometric analysis showed that the epithelial cells subcloned from the carcinosarcoma had a DNA profile like that of their parental cell line and remained non‐tumorigenic. When co‐inoculated with the tumorigenic fibroblasts in syngeneic hosts, however, the subcloned epithelial cells again formed carcinosarcomas. Our results indicate that cell fusion between epithelial cells and fibroblasts is an unlikely explanation for tumorigenicity. We propose that prostatic fibroblasts exert a directive influence on their adjacent epithelial cells through a paracrine mechanism that determines epithelial growth and tumorigenicity in vivo.
A novel derivative of the chelon desferrioxamine for site‐specific conjugation to antibodies
Authors: Pochon S. , Buchegger F. , Pélegrin A. , Mach J.‐P. , Offord R. E. , Ryser J. E. , Rose K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the preparation of the modified chelator aminooxyacetyl‐ferrioxamine, and the replacement of its iron atom by 67Ga at high specific activity. The aminooxy function of this compound was allowed to react with the aldehyde groups generated by the periodate oxidation of the oligosaccharide of a mouse IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against carcino‐embryonic antigen (CEA). The use of the aminooxy group allowed a stable bond to be formed between the chelon and the antibody with no need for reduction. Iron was removed from the ferrioxamine moiety and replaced by 67Ga either before or after conjugation of the chelon to the antibody. In either case the labelled antibody was injected into nude mice bearing a human colon carcinoma having the appropriate antigenicity. Unoxidized antibody, labelled with 125I by conventional methods, was co‐injected as an internal control. Additional control experiments were carried out with a non‐immune IgG using the same 67Ga‐labelled modified chelon as above. The in vivo distribution of the modified antibodies was evaluated at various times between 24 and 96 hr after injection. The methods used were gamma‐camera imaging and, more quantitatively, gamma‐counting of the various organs after dissection. Interestingly, with the metal‐chelonlabelled antibody, the intensity and specificity of tumor labelling was comparable and in some cases superior to the results obtained with radio‐iodinated antibody. In particular, there was almost no increase in liver and spleen uptake of radioactive metal relative to radio‐iodine, contrary to what has been observed with most antibodies labelled with 111In after conjugation with DTPA.
Radiation dose and breast cancer risk in patients treated for cancer of the cervix
Authors: Boice John D. , Blettner Maria , Kleinerman Ruth A. , Engholm Göran , Stovall Marilyn , Lisco Hermann , Austin Donald F. , Bosch Antonio , Harlan Linda , Krementz Edward T. , Latourette Howard B. , Merrill James A. , Peters Lester J. , Schulz Milford D. , Wactawski Jean , Storm Hans H. , Björkholm Elisabet , Pettersson Folke , Bell Cm. Janine , Coleman Michel P. , Fraser Patricia , Neal Frank E. , Prior Patricia , Won Choi N. , Hislop T. Gregory , Koch Maria , Kreiger Nancy , Robb Dorothy , Robson Diane , Thomson D. H. , Lochmüller H. , Fournier Dietrich Von , Frischkorn Rolf , Kjørstad Kjell E. , Rimpelä Arja , Pejovic Marie‐Héléne , Kirn Vera Pompe , Stankusova Hanna , Pisani Paola , Sigurdsson Kristjan , Hutchison George B. , Macmahon Brian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between breast cancer and radiation treatment for cervical cancer was evaluated in an international study of 953 women who subsequently developed breast cancer and 1,806 matched controls. Radiation doses to the breast (average 0.31 Gy) and ovaries (average 32 Gy) were reconstructed for exposed subjects on the basis of their original radiotherapy records. Overall, 88% of the breast cancer cases and 89% of the controls received radiation treatment [relative risk (RR) = 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7‐1.2]. Among women with intact ovaries (561 cases, 1,037 controls), radiotherapy was linked to a significant 35% reduction in breast cancer risk, attributable in all likelihood to the cessation of ovarian function. Ovarian doses of 6 Gy were sufficient to reduce breast cancer risk but larger doses did not reduce risk further. This saturation‐type response is probably due to the killing of a critical number of ovarian cells. Cervical cancer patients without ovaries (145 cases, 284 controls) were analyzed separately because such women are at especially low natural risk for breast cancer development. In theory, any effect of low‐dose breast exposure, received incidentally during treatment for cervical cancer, should be more readily detectable. Among women without ovaries, there was a slight increase in breast cancer risk (RR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.6‐2.0), and a suggestion of a dose response with the RR being 1.0, 0.7, 1.5 and 3.1 for breast doses of 0,0.01‐0.24, 0.25‐0.49 and 0.50 + Gy, respectively. However, this trend of increasing RR was not statistically significant, if low‐dose radiation increases the risk of breast cancer among women over age 40 years, it appears that the risk is much lower than would be predicted from studies of younger women exposed to higher doses.
Height and weight in relation to breast cancer morbidity and mortality. A prospective study of 570,000 women in Norway
Authors: Tretli Steinar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe height and weight of 570,000 Norwegian women, aged 30‐69 years, were measured and the subjects were then followed up for 6‐18 years with regard to breast cancer morbidity and mortality. They were arranged in 5‐year age‐groups. In all age‐groups the tallest women were found to have the highest risk for both morbidity and mortality. Overweight was a risk factor for breast cancer mortality in all age‐groups, but it was a risk factor only in the post‐menopausal age‐groups in the case of morbidity. It appeared to protect against breast cancer in the pre‐menopausal age‐group. Stages I and II—IV follow‐up endpoints show negative and positive associations, respectively, with overweight. It is not likely that this can be fully explained by earlier detection of cancer among slim women.
Patterns of migration indicate sexual transmission of HTLV‐I infection in non‐pregnant women in papua new guinea
Authors: Brabin L. , Brabin B. J. , Doherty R. R. , Gust I. D. , Alpers M. P. , Fujino R. , Imai Joko , Hinuma Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of infection with human T‐cell leukaemia virus (HTLV‐I) was studied in Madang Province on the north coast of Papua New Guinea. Serum specimens collected from non‐pregnant women in 17 villages were tested for anti‐HTLV‐I by gelatin particle agglutination screening and confirmed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Overall, 13.9% of subjects were antibody‐positive, with the prevalence of antibodies varying from <10% to 30% in villages situated less than 10 km apart. Two groups of migrant women were identified, and in both a parity‐related increase in antibody prevalence which occurred only after marriage suggested that the predominant mode of transmission in migrant women was sexual. There was no parity‐associated increase in anti‐HTLV‐l in indigenous women, and in contrast to migrant women, nulliparous indigenous women had a high prevalence of antibody (16.8% vs. 0%; p = 0.005). Vertical transmission cannot be excluded in indigenous women. No correlation was detected between the prevalence of anti‐HTLV‐l and a variety of indices of malarial infection.