bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal uptake of ovalbumin in malabsorption and food allergy in relation to serum IgG antibody and orally administered sodium cromoglycate
Authors: DANNAEUS A. , INGANÄS M. , JOHANSSON S. G. O. , FOUCARD T. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryForty‐two children with malabsorption disorders, one third of whom were considered to have an atopic constitution were given ovalbumin (OA) orally and the serum concentrations were determined by RIA technique after 2 and 8 hr. Most patients showed peak concentrations 2 hours after OA administration but the concentrations varied widely. The determinations were shown to be influenced by antibodies directed against OA. The serum levels of IgG‐antibodies to OA, as estimated by a sepharose protein‐A technique, were shown to decrease significantly after administration of OA, possibly indicating the formation of immune complexes. High antibody levels were found in children with coeliac disease and in addition in children who had an atopic constitution. A moderate serum concentration of OA in such cases might be an effect of blocking antibodies and does not exclude the possibility of an increased absorption. The uptake of OA was also studied in six patients with food allergy before and after sodium cromoglycate treatment. A beneficial effect on symptoms at the challenge and also a decreased serum concentration of OA after sodium cromoglycate treatment were found (0.05 < P < 0.1). The results support the view that SCG affects the absorption of food antigens. The OA‐absorption test, including estimations of both OA and antibodies to OA is considered a useful model for studies of immunological mechanisms involved in food allergy and gastrointestinal disorders.
Asthma, aspergilloma and anergy in a patient being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: DU BOIS R. M. , TAYLOR A. J. NEWMAN , CLARK T. J. H. , COLE P. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA twenty‐one‐year old white girl developed cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis which was complicated by nocturnal asthma, aspergilloma and anergy. In addition she developed systemic symptoms suggestive of a hypersensitivity reaction to the aspergilloma.
Bronchial asthma in the southern Maldives
Authors: WOLSTENHOLME ROGER J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA whole population survey was performed in Addu Atoll, southern Maldives to establish the prevalence of bronchial asthma. Assessments of atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and intestinal infestation were made, and serum specific IgE titres to a number of allergens were measured. Asthma is a common condition in the southern Maldives, and there is no evidence that the IgE produced by intestinal helminths prevents the condition.
Incidence of immediate sensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus in a North American asthmatic population
Authors: MALO J. L. , PAQUIN R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis might be less frequent in North America because the incidence of immediate sensitivity by asthmatics to A. fumigatus is less. In order to check this hypothesis, 200 asthmatics were skin tested with two extracts of A. fumigatus which had been shown to produce positive reactions in fifty patients who had allergic aspergillosis. Of the asthmatics, 21.5% reacted to the commercial extract by prick testing and 39% by intradermal testing. Using an extract kindly provided by Professor Pepys, 19.5% reacted to a concentration of 1 mg/ml and 31.5% to 10 mg/ml. By the prick method, 21.5% reacted to both extracts. Specific IgE was measured with one of the extracts and a good correlation (r= 0.48) was found with the size of the prick reaction. The increase in specific IgE was reflected in the increase of total IgE (r= 0.84). The authors conclude that the incidence of immediate sensitivity to A. fumigatus in asthmatic patients in North America is at least equal to that found in the U.K.
Blood histamine levels after exercise testing
Authors: HARRIES M. G. , BURGE P. S. , O'BRIEN I. , CROMWELL O. , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryHistamine has been measured in whole blood and in the plasma of twenty‐three subjects following exercise testing of seventeen asthmatics and six normal controls. Whole blood histamine rose in both asthmatics and controls and was associated with a concomitant rise in the basophil count. Plasma histamine in the peripheral venous blood only rose in one patient who developed urticaria after exercise.
Intradermal skin tests with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in asthmatic children: correlation with specific IgE and bronchial provocation tests
Authors: BUSINCO L. , BORSETTO‐MÉNGHI A. M. , LUCARELLI S. , FREDIANI T. , SALVATI L. , BUSINCO E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe purpose of the present study was to compare the results of the skin tests, the specific IgE levels and bronchial provocation tests in a group of sensitive asthmatic children with a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract standardized by the RAST inhibition method. Skin tests showed a positive ‘end point’ in twelve children of 0.5 U/ml antigen; in eleven 5 U/ml; seven of 50 U/ml; six of 500 U/ml. Specific IgE was present in thirty‐three children (92%). A close relationship between positive skin tests and serum IgE levels was found. Bronchial provocation tests were positive in twenty‐eight children (78%): eight children with both positive RAST and positive skin tests had negative bronchial provocation tests.
A controlled study on the preventive effect of ketotifen, an antiallergic agent, on methacholine‐induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics
Authors: MATTSON K. , POPPIUS H. , HURME R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWe studied the preventive effect of ketotifen, an oral drug with antianaphylactic and antihistaminic properties on methacholine‐induced bronchoconstriction in controlled cross‐over experiments in twenty‐six adult patients with extrinsic asthma. Both a single dose of 1 mg ketotifen and 4 weeks treatment of ketotifen, 1 mg twice daily, failed to reduce the methacholine‐induced drop in peak expiratory flow. The spirometric findings remained unchanged during ketotifen treatment. There was no difference between treatments with ketotifen and placebo with regard to the patients assessment of the severity of asthma or airway sensitivity to tobacco smoke, fumes or dusts, or exercise. The results suggest that treatment during 4 weeks with ketotifen does not reduce unspecific broncial hyperreactivity in patients with extrinsic asthma.
IgE antibodies to bee venom, phospholipase A, melittin and wasp venom
Authors: JARISCH R. , YMAN L. , BOLTZ A. , SANDOR I. , JANITSCH A. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySpecific IgE antibodies against bee venom, phospholipase A, melittin and wasp venom have been examined in fifty patients with an unusually severe reaction after bee or wasp sting.Two thirds of the bee venom‐sensitive patients also have detectable IgE antibodies to wasp venom. More than 50% of the wasp venom‐sensitive patients are also allergic to bee venom. Phospholipase A and melittin IgE antibodies were found, respectively, in two thirds and one third of the bee venom‐sensitive cases.Specific IgE antibody determinations by the Radioallergosorbent test play an essential role in the diagnostic work. After a reaction to hymenoptera stings both bee and wasp venom tests are necessary due to the high incidence of a false or incomplete identification of the stinging insect.Melittin, known for its potent pharmacological activity and possibly responsible for most of the side effects in bee venom immunotherapy, can probably not be excluded from therapeutic venom preparations since IgE antibodies to the melittin preparation were detected in one third of the cases.
Asthma prevalence in Tokelauan children in two environments
Authors: WAITE D. A. , EYLES E. F. , TONKIN S. L. , O'DONNELL T. V. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe prevalence of asthma has been studied in Tokelauan children aged 0–14 years in two environments—Tokelau and New Zealand. Only 11.0% of the 706 children examined in Tokelau were classified as asthmatic, whereas 25.3% of the 1,160 children seen in New Zealand were asthmatic.For those children examined in New Zealand there was no significant difference in the prevalence of asthma between those children who were born in New Zealand and those who were born in Tokelau.
Skin prick test in the diagnosis of dog dander allergy A comparison of different extracts with clinical history, provocation tests and RAST
Authors: VANTO T. , VIANDER M. , KOIVIKKO A. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySkin prick tests (SPT) were carried out on 164 asthmatic children using dog dander allergen preparations (A, B1, B2 and D) from three manufacturers. Bronchial and/or conjunctival provocation tests with allergen A were performed on all patients, as well as the Phadebas® RAST (allergen e5). There was a close agreement between the clinical history and the SPT with allergens A and D. The provocation tests and RAST gave results in good agreement with the SPT reactions to all allergens except B1. The overall agreement between the SPT reactions to the different allergens was good. However, significant differences were observed in the allergenic activity of the different preparations and between different batches from the same manufacturer (allergens B1 and B2).
Bronchial provocation studies in workers exposed to the fumes of electronic soldering fluxes
Authors: BURGE P. S , HARRIES M. G. , O'BRIEN I. , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFlux cored solder commonly used in the electronics industry is a metal alloy, based on tin and lead, and a flux consisting of colophony with a small concentration of an activator. Thirty‐four electronics workers with occupational asthma and seventeen with respiratory symptoms, probably from other causes, have been investigated by occupational type bronchial provocation testing. All the sensitized workers had a significant fall in FEV1 after exposure to colophony fumes for 15 min or less. The non‐sensitized workers had no significant reactivity to this test. There was little correlation between the reaction to colophony fumes and the non specific reactivity to histamine, suggesting that colophony fumes were causing specific sensitization. In sensitized workers Portuguese Y colophony was found to cause slightly larger reactions than similar exposures to American WW colophony. In the six workers tested reactions followed exposure to abietic acid alone, the principal resin acid in colophony. Methyhlation of the carboxyl group of colophony was associated with decreased reactivity.Workers with non‐specific bronchial hyperreactivity also sometimes reacted after exposure to fumes from the flux activators alone, but even this reaction could show specificity for the specific activator to which the worker was exposed. Finally two non‐colophony substitute materials were evaluated.
HLA‐A, B and C and HLA‐DR antigens in intrinsic and allergic asthma
Authors: MORRIS M. J. , FAUX J. A. , TING A. , MORRIS P. J. , LANE D. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySome 103 patients with asthma and 100 healthy volunteers have been typed for HLA‐A, B and C and HLA‐DR antigens. The 103 patients consisted of thirty‐three with intrinsic asthma, thirty‐four with extrinsic asthma, and thirty‐six known to have precipitins to Aspergillus fumigatus. No increase in frequency of any of the A, B, C, or DR antigens was found to be significant after correction for the number of comparisons was made. However certain trends comparable to findings in other immunopathic disorders were noted. For example B12 was increased in the allergic asthmatics (46 vs 29% controls) and it is suggested that B12 is associated with the ability to produce the IgE antibodies. A3/B7/DRw2 (which are in linkage disequilibrium) all show a decreased frequency in intrinsic asthma (24, 12 and 9%vs 32, 26 and 24% respectively in controls). Finally B8 and DRw3, which showed a moderate increase in frequency in all three groups of asthmatics, were found in five of seven patients with low atopy but persisting antibodies to A. fumigatus. Further detailed studies of these asthmatic subgroups is warranted.
Antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus in farmers' lung patients measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Authors: MÄNTYJÄRVI R. A. , JOUSILAHTI P. , KATILA M.‐L. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEnzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus in farmers' lung patients, various other pulmonary diseases and healthy controls. Both the prevalence and the mean titre of antibodies were significantly higher in farmers' lung patients than in the other groups. There was no difference between controls and patients with bronchial asthma or non‐allergic pulmonary diseases. On the other hand, in the group of patients with respiratory diseases of undefined aetiology the mean antibody titre was significantly higher than that of the controls. Comparison of ELISA and the precipitin test showed the higher sensitivity of ELISA, but otherwise the two tests were in a close agreement.
Environmental factors in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: VERNON D. R. H. , ALLAN FAY 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMany workers have suggested that exposure to an environment rich in Aspergillus spores is aetiologically significant in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. This hypothesis has been investigated by means of an environmental survey in which eight urban dwelling patients with this disease and five atopic control patients took part. Enquiries were made about contact with known sources of Aspergillus fumigatus and air spora studies were conducted in the home. Findings were similar for both groups. No high spore concentrations were recorded in the homes of either group. Patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis had not been more exposed to potentially rich sources of A. fumigatus than the atopic control patients. The view is expressed that specific host susceptibility is more important in the pathogenesis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis than environmental factors. Once a patient is sensitized however minor increases in spore concentration can cause symptomatic disease producing the recognized winter exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Possible mechanisms allowing the development of the disease in the presence of low spore concentrations are discussed.
Double‐blind trial comparing two dosage schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol with a placebo in the treatment of perennial rhinitis for twelve months
Authors:   BROMPTON HOSPITAL/MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL COLLABORATIVE TRIAL
Published: April 2006

SummaryA double‐blind trial comparing two dosage schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate, 200 μg and 400 μg, with a placebo in the treatment of perennial rhinitis for 12 months has been undertaken in 108 patients. Both schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate were therapeutically effective but the improvement in both the nasal and conjunctival symptoms was more marked with the higher dosage. Clinical candidiasis was not observed on inspection of the nose in any of the patients before or during the trial and in only one patient was clinical candidiasis observed on inspection of the throat. Epistaxes occurred in twelve of forty patients allocated to beclomethasone dipropionate and four of twenty‐three allocated to placebo who had not had them before the trial. Most of the episodes were minor but four patients, all on beclomethasone dipropionate, reduced the aerosol dosage because of epistaxes.
Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol compared with dry powder in the treatment of asthma
Authors: LAL S. , MALHOTRA S. M. , GRIBBEN M. D. , BUTLER A. G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn a double‐blind trial, beclomethasone dipropionate inhaled as a dry powder in doses of 200 μg three times a day was compared with the conventional aerosol of 100 μg three times a day, each for a period of 4 weeks. Neither the dry powder nor the aerosol showed any significant advantage over each other in terms of ventilatory function. Plasma cortisol levels were unaltered with the two medications in spite of the doubled dose of the corticosteroid powder. Choice of one or the other method of administration of medication depended on patient preference and the ease with which he could familiarize himself with either technique.
Meat wrapper's asthma: identification of the causal agent
Authors: PAULI G. , BESSOT J. C. , KOPFERSCHMITT M. C. , LINGOT G. , WENDLING R. , DUCOS P. , LIMASSET J. C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryMeat wrapper's asthma is a typical example of occupational asthma due to emissions from chemical products. The authors report three new cases due to the use of the now classic meat packaging techniques in supermarkets. The chemical agents involved were identified. Inhalation tests have been carried out in one patient with the complete wrappings, i.e. the PVC film and the price labels, and separate tests were performed with eight additives of the PVC film, and with phthalic anhydride and di‐cyclohexyl‐phthalate emitted from heated price labels. These tests incriminate two products: phthalic anhydride seems to be the principal causal agent and epoxidized soybean oil can be suspected as a secondary agent causing this occupational asthma.
Aspergillus hypersensitivity in asthmatics in Cape Town
Authors: BENATAR S. R. , KEEN G. A. , NAUDE W. DU TOIT 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAn analysis of skin prick reactions in 500 consecutive patients referred for investigation and management of asthma showed that 240 patients had multiple positive reactions. Of these patients 46% had positive reactions to Aspergillus and they differed from patients with multiple positive reactions excluding Aspergillus by having onset of asthma at a younger age and being more atopic. Precipitins to Aspergillus were present in the serum of twenty‐six of seventy‐one consecutive patients in whom these were looked for. Thirteen of the patients with positive precipitins had chest radiograph shadows compatible with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and in eight of these there was sufficient evidence to make a diagnosis of ABPA. These results were obtained in a region where ABPA had never been previously recognized and they highlight the importance of routine skin prick testing with Aspergillus antigen and of awareness of ABPA in making this diagnosis.
A method for estimation of circulating immune complexes after oral challenge with ovalbumin
Authors: INGANÄS M. , JOHANSSON S.G.O. , DANNAEUS A. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySera from forty‐two children orally challenged with ovalbumin were analysed for the presence of IgG‐ovalbumin immune complexes. The technique used is based on the adsorption of the IgG of the complex to immobilized protein‐A and detection of the ovalbumin of the complex on the solid phase, using isotope‐labelled, pepsin‐digested antibodies to ovalbumin. Children with high serum levels of antibody to ovalbumin had significantly higher concentrations of IgG‐ovalbumin complexes than children with low antibody levels. In both groups the appearance of the complexes in the serum was accompanied by a significant decrease of the complement factor C3 (P < 0.05). The duration of the decrease in C3 was correlated to the amount of IgG‐ovalbumin complexes, suggesting a consumption of C3 by these immune complexes.
P1 incompatibility in pigeon breeders
Authors: RADERMECKER M. , BRUWIER M. , BURY J. , FILLET G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPigeon breeders of the P2 blood phenotype may develop anti‐P1 haemagglutinins as a consequence of natural immunization to pigeon dust. The half‐life of labelled P1 erythrocytes was determined in two P2 pigeon breeders otherwise compatible except for the presence of anti‐P1 antibodies and in four compatible controls without anti‐P1. The half‐life of tagged cells was within the normal range in one breeder but significantly reduced in the other, indicating that P1 incompatibility may occur in vivo. Since anti‐P1 antibodies are found in about 20% of P2 pigeon breeders, it is suggested that this group may be prone to developing an incompatibility to transfused P1 red cells.
Complement activation by commercial allergen extracts of cereal grains*
Authors: OLENCHOCK S. A. , MULL J. C. , MAJOR P. C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCommercial allergen extract preparations of whole cereal grains were examined in vitro for their reactivity with the human haemolytic complement cascade. Total haemolytic complement was consumed in a dose‐dependent manner which did not correlate with the protein nitrogen content or bacterial endotoxin contamination of the extracts. Alternative pathway activation was shown by C3 conversion in the presence of EGTA while classical complement components C1, C4 and C2 were also much decreased in serum which was free of detectable specific antibody. Very small amounts of allergen extract initiated the formation of complement‐dependent factors which were chemotactic for human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. These data suggest a potential for complement activation in vivo by ingestion, inhalation, or injection of cereal grain products.
Standardization of allergen extracts by inhibition of RAST, skin test, and chemical composition
Authors: TURNER K. J. , STEWART G. A. , SHARP A. H. , CZARNY D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFive allergen extracts of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Lolium perenne, Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cladosporium herbarum, obtained from four different manufacturers, were examined by inhibition of RAST, content of protein and carbohydrate, contents of phosphorylcholine (Pc) and tridacnin reactive components, and by skin test. Inhibition of RAST was used as a primary method for establishing allergenic potency and demonstrated wide variations for each preparation supplied by the different manufacturers. The extracts also varied widely in protein and carbohydrate content and in the ratio of these parameters, indicating internal heterogeneity. Pc content was significantly related to RAST potency for extracts of A. fumigatus and A. tenuis, suggesting that Pc content may be used as a primary standarization procedure for these extracts. Skin test reactions undertaken at a single concentration did not show any significant variation in weal size between preparations of a given allergen extract. However, of particular importance to practising clinicians is the finding that varying numbers of patients showed negative skin reactions to one preparation of a particular allergen yet were positive to the corresponding preparations supplied by the other companies.
Long‐term study of flunisolide treatment in perennial rhinitis with special reference to nasal mucosal histology and morphology
Authors: SAHAY J. N. , IBRAHIM N. B. N. , CHATTERJEE S. S. , NASSAR W. Y. , LODGE K. V. , JONES C. W. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTen patients with allergic perennial rhinitis completed a 3‐month course of treatment with flunisolide nasal spray†. Biopsy of the nasal mucosa was carried out before the initiation of treatment and at the end of the treatment period.The flunisolide was administered as a 0.025% solution twice daily at a total daily dose of 200μg. No histological abnormalities which could have been attributed to the effects of the drug were found in the post‐treatment biopsies.Comparison of the pre‐ and post‐treatment histological features showed either that there had been no apparent changes or that there had been a reduction in the oedema and/or cellular infiltration which had been present initially. All except one patient improved clinically and in this case the pre‐treatment nasal biopsy demonstrated features of atrophic rhinitis.