bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytosine deaminase expressing human mesenchymal stem cells mediated tumour regression in melanoma bearing mice
Authors: Kucerova Lucia , Matuskova Miroslava , Pastorakova Andrea , Tyciakova Silvia , Jakubikova Jana , Bohovic Roman , Altanerova Veronika , Altaner Cestmir 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, we validated capability of human adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSC) to serve as cellular vehicles for gene‐directed enzyme prodrug molecular chemotherapy. Yeast fusion cytosine deaminase : uracil phosphoribosyltransferase expressing AT‐MSC (CDy‐AT‐MSC) combined with systemic 5‐fluorocytosine (5FC) significantly inhibited growth of human colon cancer xenografts. We aimed to determine the cytotoxic efficiency to other tumour cells both in vitro and in vivo.MethodsCDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC‐mediated proliferation inhibition against a panel of human tumour cells lines was evaluated in direct and indirect cocultures in vitro. Antitumour effect was tested on immunodeficient mouse model in vivo.ResultsAlthough culture expansion of CDy‐AT‐MSC sensitized these cells to 5FC mediated suicide effect, expanded CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC still exhibited strong bystander cytotoxic effect towards human melanoma, glioblastoma, colon, breast and bladder carcinoma in vitro. Most efficient inhibition (91%) was observed in melanoma A375 cell line when directly cocultured with 2% of therapeutic cells CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC. The therapeutic paradigm of the CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC system was further evaluated on melanoma A375 xenografts on nude mice in vivo. Complete regression in 89% of tumours was achieved when 20% CDy‐AT‐MSC/5FC were co‐injected along with tumour cells. More importantly, systemic CDy‐AT‐MSC administration resulted in therapeutic cell homing into subcutaneous melanoma and mediated tumour growth inhibition.ConclusionsCDy‐AT‐MSC capability of targeting subcutaneous melanoma offers a possibility to selectively produce cytotoxic agent in situ. Our data further demonstrate beneficial biological properties of AT‐MSC as a cellular vehicle for enzyme/prodrug therapy approach to molecular chemotherapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initial soil moisture as a predictor of subsequent severe summer weather in the cropped grassland of the Canadian Prairie provinces
Authors: Hanesiak John , Tat An , Raddatz Richard L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSoil moisture, along with the type and stage of the vegetation, influences the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere by regulating heat and moisture fluxes in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This study examined whether the modelled aerial‐average root‐zone soil moisture (RzSm) in ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ areas of the cropped grassland of the Canadian Prairie provinces had predictive value in determining if these areas would subsequently have above‐ or below‐normal occurrences and event days of severe summer convective weather (i.e. tornadoes, hail, heavy rains, and/or strong winds). RzSm, simulated by the Prairie Agro‐climate Model, for the 1997–2003 growing seasons was analyzed three times per season. Dry areas with RzSm ⩽50% of available water holding capacity (AWHC) and wet areas with RzSm > 50% of AWHC were delineated post‐snowmelt, on 15th June, and on 15th July. The aerial‐average RzSm levels in the dry and in the wet areas were calculated, and plotted against the relative number of occurrences and number of event days that were recorded during the remainder of the growing season for the various types of severe summer convective weather. In each case, the best‐fit linear regression line and the variance that it explained (r2 value) were computed. The hypothesis that the slope of each regression line was significantly different from zero was then tested. A value of r2 close to or greater than 0.25 was arbitrarily used as a cut‐off point—a relationship with an r2 close to or greater than this value, and with a regression line slope that was significantly different from zero, was selected as one which could have potential value in the climatological forecasting of severe summer convective weather. For most of the severe weather types, the relative number of occurrences and the relative number of event days, which were recorded subsequent to the three dates on which the aerial‐average RzSm was determined were greater in the wet areas than in the dry areas. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Effect of production site and storage on antioxidant levels in specialty potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers
Authors: Rosenthal Sarah , Jansky Shelley 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: The potato can make a significant contribution of antioxidants to the human diet. In this study, antioxidant levels in tubers of 14 specialty potato clones grown at four production sites (two conventional, two organic), both fresh and stored, were examined across 2 years.RESULTS: Antioxidant activity of fresh tubers at all locations was higher in 2006 than in 2005. Cooler late‐season temperatures in 2006 may have been responsible for the increased levels of antioxidants. Stored tubers had higher levels of antioxidant activity than fresh tubers, with a larger storage effect in 2005, when antioxidant levels in fresh tubers were lower. There was no consistent effect of production system (organic versus conventional) on antioxidant activity in tubers.CONCLUSION: For the specialty potato clones we evaluated, antioxidant levels were generally highest in potatoes grown in high‐yielding production environments, and they increased during storage. Therefore, potatoes with high nutritional value, in terms of antioxidant activity, can be produced using conventional production and storage systems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Integrated community‐based growth monitoring and vegetable gardens focusing on crops rich in β‐carotene: Project evaluation in a rural community in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Laurie Sunette M , Faber Mieke 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Cultivation in β‐carotene vegetables was promoted in a crop‐based intervention in Lusikisiki, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The project also included nutrition education and community‐based growth monitoring, and focused on technology transfer and mobilisation of local organisations. Three years after initiation of the project, participating (n = 219) and non‐participating (n = 223) households were compared in terms of child morbidity, nutritional knowledge, dietary intake and gardening practices.RESULTS: Compared to control households, more caregivers from project households thought that yellow fruit and vegetables were good for their children (73% vs. 45%; P < 0.001), were familiar with the term ‘vitamin A’ (89% vs. 63%; P < 0.001), knew that vitamin A is a nutrient in food (83% vs. 53%; P < 0.001), and could name three food sources rich in vitamin A (56% vs. 27%; P < 0.001). Fewer 1–5‐year‐old children in the project households reportedly experienced vomiting (6% vs. 13%; P = 0.012), fever (30% vs. 42%; P = 0.008), sores on the skin (6% vs. 19%; P < 0.001), continuous runny nose (20% vs. 33%; P = 0.002), diarrhoea (2% vs. 7%; P = 0.026) and poor appetite (7% vs. 14%; P = 0.016). Children from project households consumed carrot (P = 0.008), butternut (P = 0.002), spinach (P = 0.004) and orange‐fleshed sweetpotato (P = 0.028) more frequently than children from control households.CONCLUSION: The agricultural intervention, combined with nutrition education and community‐based growth monitoring, showed a favourable effect on child morbidity, nutritional knowledge and dietary intake of β‐carotene‐rich vegetables. Agricultural interventions can therefore contribute significantly towards nutritional outcomes. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
The polysaccharide composition of yellow passion fruit rind cell wall: chemical and macromolecular features of extracted pectins and hemicellulosic polysaccharides
Authors: Yapo Beda M , Koffi Kouassi L 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis var. flavicarpa Degener) is one of the main sources of juice production in tropical regions, the extraction of which generates large amounts of rind and seeds as by‐products. In a view to valorize rinds as a possible fiber source, the whole polysaccharide composition is first investigated.RESULTS: Cell wall material, from rinds, consists of ∼80% (w/w) non‐starchy polysaccharides, of which 42% is cellulose, 25% pectic substances and 12% hemicelluloses. Fractional extraction of non‐starchy polysaccharides from cell wall material showed that the degree of methyl esterification, intrinsic viscosity and weight‐average molecular mass of extracted pectins range widely from 5 to 40, from 170 to 580 mL g−1 and from 58 000 to 105 000 g mol−1, respectively. Likewise, the intrinsic viscosity and weight‐average molecular mass of extracted hemicellulosic polysaccharides range from 40 to 55 mL g−1 and from 21 000 to 48 000 g mol−1, respectively. Chromatographic fractionation of hemicellulosic fractions and glycosyl linkage analysis substantiate the presence of ∼90% (w/w) of xyloglucans and 10% (w/w) of glucomannans of the whole fraction.CONCLUSION: The cell wall material, obtained from yellow passion fruit rinds, contains high amounts of non‐starchy polysaccharides. Cellulose appears to be the predominant polysaccharide, thus denoting a potential insoluble fiber source. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysing the contribution of component cultivars and cultivar combinations to malting quality, yield and disease in complex mixtures
Authors: Newton Adrian C , Hackett Christine A , Swanston J Stuart 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Mixtures of cereal cultivars grown together generally enhance yield and reduce disease but end‐users will not accept them for quality uses. Some combinations with very different quality may be problematic, others complementary. The common origin of Maris Otter for quality in winter barley may enable the benefits of complex mixtures to be exploited without quality compromises.RESULTS: Seven winter barley cultivar monocultures and all their equal proportion mixtures were trialled and data analysed by ANOVA, REML and principal component analyses to determine the contribution of particular varieties or combinations to crop performance. Agronomic yield was positively correlated with component number. Pipkin contributed negatively to thousand grain weight (TGW), but positively to several quality traits; Gleam negatively to the same quality traits but strongly positively to yield; and Melanie combined strong yield and TGW characteristics with neutral quality traits. Interactions in mixtures with Maris Otter, from which most of the cultivars are likely to derive some of their quality traits, were less apparent for quality than for yield.CONCLUSIONS: Complex mixtures gave yield benefits generally without compromising quality, and analysis methods were developed to identify the beneficial or negative effects of component cultivars on malting quality traits, thereby providing data for optimising mixtures design. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Mass spectrometric characterization of naphthenic acids in environmental samples: A review
Authors: Headley John V. , Peru Kerry M. , Barrow Mark P. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThere is a growing need to develop mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of oil sands naphthenic acids (structural formulae described by CnH2n+zO2 where n is the number of carbon atoms and “z” is referred to as the “hydrogen deficiency” and is equal to zero, or is a negative, even integer) present in environmental samples. This interest stems from the need to better understand their contribution to the total acid number of oil sands acids; along with assessing their toxicity in aquatic environments. Negative‐ion electrospray ionization has emerged as the analytical technique of choice. For infusion samples, matrix effects are particularly evident for quantification in the presence of salts and co‐elutants. However, such effects can be minimized for methods that employ chromatographic separation prior to mass spectrometry (MS) detection. There have been several advances for accurate identification of classes of naphthenic acid components that employ a range of MS hyphenated techniques. General trends measured for degradation of the NAs in the environment appear to be similar to those obtained with either low‐ or high‐resolution MS. Future MS research will likely focus on (i) development of more reliable quantitative methods that use chromatography and internal standards, (ii) the utility of representative model naphthenic acids as surrogates for the complex NA mixtures, and (iii) development of congener‐specific analysis of the principal toxic components. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:121–134, 2009
A novel G6PD mutation leading to chronic hemolytic anemia
Authors: McDade Jenny , Abramova Tatiana , Mortier Nicole , Howard Thad , Ware Russell E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractGlucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an important cause of hemolytic anemia worldwide. Severely affected patients have chronic hemolysis with exacerbations following oxidative stress. Mutations causing severe chronic non‐spherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA) commonly cluster in Exon 10, a region important for protein dimerization. An African‐American male presented at age 2 weeks with pallor and jaundice, and was found to have hemolytic anemia with G6PD deficiency. His severe clinical course was inconsistent with the expected G6PD A− variant. DNA sequencing revealed two common mutations (A−) and a third novel Exon 10 mutation. This inherited haplotype represents a novel triple G6PD coding mutation causing chronic hemolysis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:816–819. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improved performance of first‐trimester combined screening for trisomy 21 with the double test taken before a gestational age of 10 weeks
Authors: Kirkegaard Ida , Petersen Olav Bjørn , Uldbjerg Niels , Tørring Niels 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate if there is a performance difference in the combined screening for trisomy 21 between the double tests performed before and after 10 + 0 weeks of gestation.MethodsThe study included all 97 trisomy 21 cases from January 2004 to December 2007, in a screening program where the double test was measured in week 8 + 0 to 13 + 6 and the nuchal translucency in week 11 + 3 to 13 + 6.ResultsAs many as 87 of the 97 cases were diagnosed in the screening program (detection rate = 90%). Among the 53 cases having the double test taken before 10 + 0 weeks, no cases were missed [detection rate (DR) = 100%, CI = 0.94–1.00] and among the 44 having the double test taken after 10 + 0 weeks, 10 cases were missed (DR = 77%, CI = 0.65–0.90). This difference in DR was highly significant (P = 0.0009). No difference was observed between false positive rates or median maternal age of the two groups.ConclusionA significantly higher DR was obtained when the double test was taken early in pregnancy (<10 + 0 weeks), than when it was taken later (≥10 + 0 weeks). The results could not be explained by a difference in either the false positive rate or the maternal age between the two groups. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial and temporal evolution of the photoinitiation rate for thick polymer systems illuminated by polychromatic light: selection of efficient photoinitiators for LED or mercury lamps
Authors: Kenning Nicole Stephenson , Ficek Beth A , Hoppe Cindy C , Scranton Alec B 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Four common free radical photoinitiators were evaluated for use in thick photopolymerizations illuminated with a medium‐pressure 200 W mercury–xenon arc lamp and a high‐intensity 400 nm light‐emitting diode (LED) lamp. For each photoinitiator/lamp combination, the spatial and temporal evolution of the photoinitiation rate profile was analyzed by solving the set of differential equations that govern the light intensity gradient and initiator concentration gradient for polychromatic illumination.RESULTS: The simulation results revealed that two of the four photoinitiators evaluated were ineffective for photoinitiating thick polymer systems. The photoinitiator bis(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)‐phenylphosphine oxide, in combination with the 400 nm LED lamp, was shown to be the most efficient photoinitiator/light source combination for photoinitiation of thick systems.CONCLUSION: The results show that some photoinitiators commonly used for photopolymerization of thin coatings are ineffective for curing thick systems. LED light sources provide advantages over traditional mercury lamps, and may have tremendous potential in the effective photoinitiation of thick polymer systems. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Physical, psychological, and social sequelae following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a review of the literature
Authors: Mosher Catherine E. , Redd William H. , Rini Christine M. , Burkhalter Jack E. , DuHamel Katherine N. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractObjective: This article reviews recent literature on adults' quality of life following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods: We identified 22 prospective reports with at least 20 participants at baseline through a search of databases (Medline and PsycInfo) and handsearching of articles published from 2002 to October 2007. If longitudinal data were not available or were scarce for a particular topic or time point, cross‐sectional studies were reviewed.Results: Although physical, psychological, and social aspects of quality of life tend to improve during the years following transplantation, a significant proportion of HSCT survivors experience persistent anxiety and depressive symptoms, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, and fertility concerns. Despite ongoing treatment side effects, the majority of HSCT survivors resume their work, school, or household activities.Conclusion: We conclude that theory‐driven research with larger samples is needed to identify subgroups of HSCT survivors with adjustment difficulties. Such research would examine survivors' evolving standards and definitions of quality of life to improve the accuracy and meaningfulness of assessment and incorporate biological, psychological, and contextual factors that may contribute to positive adjustment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic algorithms and grid technologies in clustering, an example: Clustering of images
Authors: Robotka Zsolt , Zempléni András , Hajas Csilla , Seres Csaba , Balázs Sándor 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper we describe the development of an image retrieval system that is able to browse, cluster and classify large digital image databases. This work was motivated by the projects of the Visualization Centre of the Eötvös Loránd University, where such problems are to be solved. The system's functions are based on a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) representation of the images. Image matching is done by the distance measure of the representations, based on the approximation of the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the GMMs. The GMMs are estimated with an improved expectation maximization (EM) algorithm that avoids convergence to the boundary of the parameter space. These form the basis of the clustering, where a variant of a genetic algorithm is used. The suggested algorithm is able to work with a large number of images or objects, the grid technology is a useful tool for generating several runs simultaneously. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton collisions with the water dimer at keV energies
Authors: Quinet O. , Deumens E. , Öhrn Y. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractProton collisions with the water dimer are studied using a nonadiabatic, direct, time‐dependent approach called electron nuclear dynamics (END). Fragmentation of the water dimer in collisions with protons at energies of 5.0, 1.0 keV and 200 eV is the primary aim of this initial study of water clusters using END. We report on the initial fragmentation dynamic, that is, for times less than 200 fs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009
Oligosaccharide relative quantitation using isotope tagging and normal‐phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Ridlova Gabriela , Mortimer Jenny C. , Maslen Sarah L. , Dupree Paul , Stephens Elaine 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe growing interest in the conversion of plant biomass into biofuels has recently highlighted the lack of analytical techniques that are able to profile the fine structures of plant cell‐wall polysaccharides. Here we present a new liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS) platform called Oligosaccharide Quantitation using Isotope Tagging (OliQuIT) developed for profiling the oligosaccharides derived from glycosyl hydrolase digestion of polysaccharides. The method is demonstrated using different arabinoxylan‐derived oligosaccharide samples, which are reductively aminated with either the light (12C6) or heavy (13C6) form of aniline. The complex oligosaccharide mixtures are analysed by capillary normal‐phase (NP)‐LC and ESI‐MS. Importantly, arabinoxylan oligosaccharide isomers are separated by NP‐LC and their relative abundance in different samples can be determined from the intensities of ions labeled with the different isotopes. OliQuIT will be of use in multiple applications, including screening for plant varieties with improved saccharification properties, characterizing glycosyl hydrolase specificities and analysing plant glycosyl transferase mutants. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The utility of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for multi‐residue determination of pesticides in strawberry
Authors: Taylor Michael J. , Keenan George A. , Reid Kirsty B. , Fernández Diana Uría 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe utility of ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/orthogonal‐acceleration time‐of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/TOFMS) for the rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of 100 pesticides targeted in strawberry was assessed by comparing results with those obtained using a validated in‐house UPLC tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) multi‐residue method. Crude extracts from retail strawberry samples received as part of the 2007 annual UK pesticide residues in food surveillance programme were screened for the presence of pesticide residues using UPLC/TOFMS. Accurate mass measurement of positive and negative ions allowed their extraction following ‘full mass range data acquisition’ with negligible interference from background or co‐eluting species observed during UPLC gradient separation (in a cycle time of just 6.5 min per run). Extracted ion data was used to construct calibration curves and to detect and identify any incurred residues (i.e. pesticides incorporated in or on the test material following application during cultivation, harvest and storage). Calibration using matrix‐matched standards was performed over a narrow concentration range of 0.005–0.04 mg kg−1 with determination coefficients (r2) ≥0.99 for all analytes with the exception of malathion/fenarimol/fludioxanil (r2 = 0.98), quassia/pymetrazine (r2 = 0.97) and fenthion sulfone (r2 = 0.95). Residues found in selected samples ranged from 0.025–0.28 mg kg−1 and were in excellent agreement with results obtained using UPLC/MS/MS. Mass measurement accuracies of ≤5 ppm were achieved consistently throughout the separation, mass range and concentration range of interest thus providing the opportunity to obtain discrete elemental compositions of target ions. © Crown copyright 2008. Reproduced with the permission of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.