bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mechanistic model for industrial workplace design based on inherent safety and health concepts
Authors: Gao Xiaoming , Chen Guohua , Xiong Caiyi , Li Xiaofeng , Zhao Yimeng , Chen Honghao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to establish a mechanistic model of using inherent safety and health concepts to conduct industrial workplace risk reduction strategies during the project planning stage. Accordingly, a dedicated implementation tool termed inherently safer and healthier design model for industrial workplaces (ISHDM‐IW) is developed. First, the safety and health by design checklist is adapted to derive industrial workplace safety and health risk indicators. Then, the risk indicators are rated and weighted using the methods of risk matrix and precedence chart. Subsequently, the risk indicators are aggregated via fuzzy risk representation with the indicators' risk values and weights. Last, the inherent safety and health principles are used to do risk‐based baseline design optimization. The case study demonstrates the capabilities of the proposed ISHDM‐IW to upgrade the workplace design scheme from risk level II to risk level I, thus generating a more satisfactory workplace design alternative. The proposed ISHDM‐IW offers a novel design mechanism of inherent safety and health for industrial workplaces, which can be expected to ensure employees' safety, health, and well‐being with fundamentally better ergonomics of industrial work environments.
Effect of a new nano‐viscosity reducing agent on the rheological properties and wax deposition characteristics of waxy crude oil
Authors: Fan Kai‐Feng , Wang Wei‐Qiang , Song Chao , Li Si 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWax inhibitors are widely applied during the process of waxy crude oil production, storage, and transportation. However, their effects on the crude oil rheological properties and wax deposition characteristics are still not well understood. Herein, a new nano‐viscosity reducing agent was chosen to investigate its influences on the physical properties and the wax deposition process of Liaohe crude oil in a cold finger experimental device. Firstly, the rheological property variations of crude oil with different dosages of reagent added were tested. Furthermore, the changes of wax deposit morphology, wax deposition rate, and wax precipitation characteristics were studied, and the influencing mechanism was elucidated. It was found that the new nano‐viscosity reducing agent can significantly alter the crude oil rheology properties and wax deposition process. The gel point, wax appearance temperature (WAT), and viscosity all decreased after addition of the reagent. With the dosage of the new reagent increasing from 0 to 120 mg/kg, the wax deposition rate decreased greatly, but the wax content and WAT of the deposits increased obviously. Further, the wax content and WAT are larger in the bottom layer. The wax particles in the bottom layer present smaller size and larger size for the blank crude oil and additive crude oil, respectively, which are caused by the variation of physical properties and molecular diffusion process. This research provides valuable information for the action mechanism of the new nano‐viscosity reducer on Liaohe crude oil, which can guide the optimization of the oil transmission process.
Comparing the bone regeneration potential between a trabecular bone and a porous scaffold through osteoblast migration and differentiation: A multiscale approach
Authors: Majumder Santanu , Gupta Abhisek , Das Ankita , Barui Ananya , Das Mitun , Chowdhury Amit Roy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBoth cell migration and osteogenic differentiation are critical for successful bone regeneration. Therefore, understanding the mechanobiological aspects that govern these two processes is essential in designing effective scaffolds that promote faster bone regeneration. Studying these two factors at different locations is necessary to manage bone regeneration in various sections of a scaffold. Hence, a multiscale computational model was used to observe the mechanical responses of osteoblasts placed in different positions of the trabecular bone and gyroid scaffold. Fluid shear stresses in scaffolds at cell seeded locations (representing osteogenic differentiation) and strain energy densities in cells at cell substrate interface (representing cell migration) were observed as mechanical response parameters in this study. Comparison of these responses, as two critical factors for bone regeneration, between the trabecular bone and gyroid scaffold at different locations, is the overall goal of the study. This study reveals that the gyroid scaffold exhibits higher osteogenic differentiation and cell migration potential compared to the trabecular bone. However, the responses in the gyroid only mimic the trabecular bone in two out of nine positions. These findings can guide us in predicting the ideal cell seeded sites within a scaffold for better bone regeneration and in replicating a replaced bone condition by altering the physical parameters of a scaffold.
Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals upregulated extracellular matrix hub genes in pancreatic cancer: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis, immune infiltration, and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Mogal Md Roman , Jame Jasmin Akter , Sohel Md , Mozibullah Md , Mahmod Md Rashel , Junayed Asadullah , Kar Newton , Arbia Lubatul , Al Mamun Abdullah , Sikder Md Asaduzzaman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer (PC) stands out as one of the most formidable malignancies and exhibits an exceptionally unfavorable clinical prognosis due to the absence of well‐defined diagnostic indicators and its tendency to develop resistance to therapeutic interventions. The primary objective of this present study was to identify extracellular matrix (ECM)‐related hub genes (HGs) and their corresponding molecular signatures, with the intent of potentially utilizing them as biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications.MethodsThree microarray datasets were sourced from the NCBI database to acquire upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while MatrisomeDB was employed for filtering ECM‐related genes. Subsequently, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was established using the STRING database. The created network was visually inspected through Cytoscape, and HGs were identified using the CytoHubba plugin tool. Furthermore, enrichment analysis, expression pattern analysis, clinicopathological correlation, survival analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, and examination of chemical compounds were carried out using Enrichr, GEPIA2, ULCAN, Kaplan Meier plotter, TIMER2.0, and CTD web platforms, respectively. The diagnostic and prognostic significance of HGs was evaluated through the ROC curve analysis.ResultsTen genes associated with ECM functions were identified as HGs among 131 DEGs obtained from microarray datasets. Notably, the expression of these HGs exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) higher in PC, demonstrating a clear association with tumor advancement. Remarkably, higher expression levels of these HGs were inversely correlated with the likelihood of patient survival. Moreover, ROC curve analysis revealed that identified HGs are promising biomarkers for both diagnostic (AUC > 0.75) and prognostic (AUC > 0.64) purposes. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between immune cell infiltration and the expression of most HGs. Lastly, our study identified nine compounds with significant interaction profiles that could potentially act as effective chemical agents targeting the identified HGs.ConclusionTaken together, our findings suggest that COL1A1, KRT19, MMP1, COL11A1, SDC1, ITGA2, COL1A2, POSTN, FN1, and COL5A1 hold promise as innovative biomarkers for both the diagnosis and prognosis of PC, and they present as prospective targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at impeding the progression PC.
Design and multilevel reconstruction method of intelligent power industry control system based on digital twins
Authors: Chen Cen , Lv Zhuo , Li Nuannuan , Zhang Tao , Zhang Zheng , Chang Hao 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn order to improve the security and reliability of power industry control systems, research proposes the design of intelligent industrial control systems based on digital twins. This design combines the digital twin multilevel reconstruction method to construct an intelligent power control system structure, and proposes a system safety verification range design and evaluation indicators. The experimental data illustrates that the production time of the deep learning digital twin system reconstruction algorithm is 19.1% less than that of the reconstruction algorithm based on differential evolution; and when the number of nodes and the type and number of twins change, the algorithm proposed in the study takes less time and is more in line with the actual needs of the situation. The intelligent power industry control system based on digital twins has a score of no less than 9.5 in four aspects, indicating that the overall effectiveness of the system is good. The results indicate that this method can improve the safety and reliability of the system, ensure the stable operation of the power system, and provide technical support for the widespread application of intelligent power industry control systems.
Disentangling the Conformational Space and Structural Preferences of Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol Using Rotational Spectroscopy and Computational Chemistry
Authors: Silva Weslley G. D. P. , van Wijngaarden Jennifer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe influence of the hydroxymethyl (CH2OH) group on the tetrahydrofuran (THF) ring structure was investigated by disentangling the gas phase conformational landscape of the sugar analogue tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). By combining rotational spectroscopy (6–20 GHz) and quantum chemical calculations, transitions corresponding to two stable conformers of THFA and their 13C isotopologues were observed and assigned in the rotational spectrum. The positions of the C atoms were precisely determined to unambiguously distinguish between nearly isoenergetic pairs of conformers that differ in their ring configurations: envelope (E) versus twist (T). The rotational spectrum confirms that the E ring geometry is favoured when the CH2OH fragment lies gauche (−) to the THF backbone (OCCO ~−60°) whereas the T form is more stable for the gauche (+) alignment of the substituent (OCCO ~+60°). The observed spectral intensities suggest that conformational relaxation of the THF geometry (E↔T) to the more stable form readily occurs within the pairs of g− and g+ conformers which is consistent with the low barriers (1.5–1.7 kJ mol−1) for conversion determined via transition state calculations. Insights into the intramolecular hydrogen bonding and other weak interactions stabilizing the lowest energy structures of THFA were derived and rationalized using non‐covalent interaction analyses.
Dynamics and reorganization of dust chains in a complex plasma
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Baoxia , Shi Guannan , Huang Feng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe formation and dynamics of vertical dust chains in the radio frequency discharge plasma sheath have been investigated. The spatiotemporal evolution diagram allows the visualization of the dust chain formation process as well as the oscillation phenomenon. A clear stratification was observed, and spatially nonuniform self‐organizing behavior of the dust chains, such as fractures and reconnections, was also observed, showing that the lower layers of the large‐grained chains are less restricted, softer, and more prone to rearrangement. The spatial distribution characteristics of the charged particles in the sheath and the modified two‐particle model, which takes into account the interparticle attraction, partially explain the mechanisms of the fracture and reorganization behavior of the dust chains.
Deformation monitoring at shield tunnel joints: Laboratory test and discrete element simulation
Authors: Mao Maoyi , Yang Xiaowei , Liu Chun , Zhao Tao , Liu Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractShield tunnel, composed of several segments, is widely used in urban underground engineering. When the tunnel is under load, relative displacement occurs between adjacent segments. In the past, distributed optical fiber sensing technology was used to perform strain monitoring, but there is an urgent need to determine how to transform strain into displacement. In this study, optical frequency domain reflectometry was applied in laboratory tests. Aiming at the shear process and center settlement process of shield tunnel segments, two kinds of quantitative calculation methods were put forward to carry out a quantitative analysis. Meanwhile, the laboratory test process was simulated numerically utilizing the discrete element numerical analysis method. Optical fiber, an atypical geotechnical material, was innovatively applied for discrete element modeling and numerical simulation. The results show that the measured displacement of the dial gauge, the calculated results of the numerical model, and the displacement quantitatively calculated from the optical fiber data agree with each other in general. The latter two methods can potentially be utilized in engineering application of deformation monitoring at shield tunnel joints, but need to be further calibrated and adjusted in detail.
Resource diversity disturbs marine Vibrio diversity and community stability, but loss of Vibrio diversity enhances community stability
Authors: Qin Xinyi , Hou Qinghua , Zhao Huaxian , Wang Pengbin , Yang Shu , Liao Nengjian , Huang Jiongqing , Li Xiaoli , He Qing , Nethmini Rajapakshalage Thashikala , Jiang Gonglingxia , He Shiying , Chen Qingxiang , Dong Ke , Li Nan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVibrio is a salt‐tolerant heterotrophic bacterium that occupies an important ecological niche in marine environments. However, little is known about the contribution of resource diversity to the marine Vibrio diversity and community stability. In this study, we investigated the association among resource diversity, taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity, and community stability of marine Vibrio in the Beibu Gulf. V. campbellii and V. hangzhouensis were the dominant groups in seawater and sediments, respectively, in the Beibu Gulf. Higher alpha diversity was observed in the sediments than in the seawater. Marine Vibrio community assembly was dominated by deterministic processes. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that nitrite (‐N), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), ammonium (‐N), and pH were the main factors affecting marine Vibrio community stability in the surface, middle, and bottom layers of seawater and sediment, respectively. Partial least‐squares path models (PLS‐PM) demonstrated that resource diversity, water properties, nutrients, and geographical distance had important impacts on phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity. Regression analysis revealed that the impact of resource diversity on marine Vibrio diversity and community stability varied across different habitats, but loss of Vibrio diversity increases community stability. Overall, this study provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of Vibrio diversity and community stability in marine environments.
Hybrid battery thermal management system of phase change materials integrated with aluminum fins and forced air
Authors: Abd Hareth Maher , Hamad Ahmed J. , Khalifa Abdual Hadi N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to its high self‐heat rate, most researchers have avoided using lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) in their work, although, major car companies use it to power some car models because of its high‐power density. A thermal management system benefits from phase change material (PCM) and serves as a reliable cooling system to ensure the safety, performance, and lifespan of Li‐ion batteries. In this study, we conducted an experimental investigation of a new hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) using PCM combined with aluminum fins and forced air to enhance the cooling performance of Li‐ion battery type 18 650 LiCoO2. Furthermore, the hybrid model's thermal behaviors are compared with other models that use only air or PCM for cooling. The cooling performance of different BTMS models was tested under a high temperature of 40°C and various discharge rates, as well as, various air velocities. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model effectively minimizes the battery heat accumulation and can reduce the maximum operating temperature by 1.5°C, 5.5°C, and 9.5°C compared to the air‐cooling model and by 2.8°C, 5.1°C, and 16.1°C compared to the PCM model for discharge of 1C, 2C, and 3C rates, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum temperature difference within the battery pack did not surpass 3.1°C with our hybrid model. Moreover, the use of our model has a significant advantage in minimizing the air‐cooling power consumption by 89%.
Myricetin attenuates the inflammatory bowel disease in prediabetic mice via inflammation inhibition and gut microbiota modulation
Authors: Yang Li , Gao Yongchao , Wang Hui , Zhong Weizhi , Gong Jupeng , Farag Mohamed A. , Zhao Yonghua , Xiao Jianbo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMyricetin shows great anti‐inflammatory effect on colitis and supplementation with myricetin could improve gut microbiota dysbiosis. It is reported that the abnormal blood glucose condition of prediabetes could aggravate the progression of inflammation. However, there is no report on whether myricetin has the protective effect on inflammation comorbid prediabetes. This study aimed to explore the effect and potential mechanism of myricetin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in prediabetic mice. Several indexes related to colitis were evaluated on DSS‐induced prediabetic mice. Myricetin intervention improved body weight loss, disease activity index score in DSS‐induced colitis in prediabetic mice. Myricetin alleviated inflammation by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase production in DSS‐induced colitis in prediabetic mice. Furthermore, myricetin showed recovery of intestinal barrier integrity by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO‐1, Occludin and Claudin‐1). At the gut microbiota level, myricetin showed protective effects via modulating gut dysbiosis associated with DSS‐induced colitis in prediabetic mice. In addition, myricetin could significantly increase the short chain fatty acids produced by gut microbiota. Myricetin may be serving as a novel therapeutic agent which could be used in the treatment of DSS‐induced colitis in prediabetic patients in the future with its added value as well reported antidiabetic agent.
How Seeking Transfer Often Fails to Help Define Medically Inappropriate Treatment
Authors: White Douglas B. , Pope Thaddeus M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn September 1, 2023, Texas made important revisions to it its decades‐old statute granting legal safe harbor immunity to physicians who withhold or withdraw life‐sustaining treatment over the objection of critically ill patients’ surrogate decision‐makers. However, lawmakers left untouched glaring flaws in a key safeguard for patients—the transfer option. The transfer option is ethically important because, when no hospital is willing to accept the patient in transfer, that fact is taken as strong evidence that the surrogates’ treatment requests fall outside accepted medical practice. But there are serious shortcomings in how the transfer option is carried out in Texas and many other states, which undermines the ethical usefulness of the process. We identify these shortcomings and recommend revisions to state statutes and professional guidelines to overcome them.
The Pandemic of Invisible Victims in American Mental Health
Authors: Appel Jacob M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough considerable attention has been devoted to the concepts of “visible” and “invisible” victims in general medical practice, especially in relation to resource allocation, far less consideration has been devoted to these concepts in behavioral health. Distinctive features of mental health care in the United States help explain this gap. This essay explores three specific ways in which the American mental health care system protects potentially “visible” individuals at the expense of “invisible victims” and otherwise fails to meet the needs of great numbers of people with serious psychiatric conditions: prioritization of the wrong patients, incentivization of excessive caution among providers, and a narrow definition of psychiatry's purview. While each of these practices has been discussed elsewhere in the literature, they are rarely considered as part of an interrelated and systemic problem. Reconceptualizing these three issues as aspects of the larger conflict between the interests of “visible” and “invisible” victims may prove a path toward reform.
The Power of Proximity: Toward an Ethic of Accompaniment in Surgical Care
Authors: Nicholson C. Phifer , Bodd Monica H. , Sarosi Ellery , Carlough Martha C. , Lysaught M. Therese , Curlin Farr A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough the field of surgical ethics focuses primarily on informed consent, surgical decision‐making, and research ethics, some surgeons have started to consider ethical questions regarding justice and solidarity with poor and minoritized populations. To date, those calling for social justice in surgical care have emphasized increased diversity within the ranks of the surgical profession. This article, in contrast, foregrounds the agency of those most affected by injustice by bringing to bear an ethic of accompaniment. The ethic of accompaniment is born from a theological tradition that has motivated work to improve health outcomes in those at the margins through its emphasis on listening, solidarity against systemic drivers of disease, and proximity to individuals and communities. Through a review of surgical ethics and exploration of a central patient case, we argue for applying an ethic of accompaniment to the care of surgical patients and their communities.
Do Suicide Attempters Have a Right Not to Be Stabilized in an Emergency?
Authors: Struc Aleksy Tarasenko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe standard of care in the United States favors stabilizing any adult who arrives in an emergency department after a failed suicide attempt, even if he appears decisionally capacitated and refuses life‐sustaining treatment. I challenge this ubiquitous practice. Emergency clinicians generally have a moral obligation to err on the side of stabilizing even suicide attempters who refuse such interventions. This obligation reflects the fact that it is typically infeasible to determine these patients’ level of decisional capacitation—among other relevant information—in this unique setting. Nevertheless, I argue, stabilizing suicide attempters over their objection sometimes violates a basic yet insufficiently appreciated right of theirs—the right against bodily invasion. In such cases, it is at least prima facie wrong to stabilize a patient who wants to die even if they lack a contrary advance directive or medical order and suffer from no terminal physical illness.
Additional Steps for Maintaining Public Trust in the FDA
Authors: Berger Mitchell 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis letter responds to the essay “Securing the Trustworthiness of the FDA to Build Public Trust in Vaccines,” by Leah Z. Rand, Daniel P. Carpenter, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Anushka Bhaskar, Jonathan J. Darrow, and William B. Feldman, in the special report “Time to Rebuild: Essays on Trust in Health Care and Science,” in the September‐October 2023 issue of the Hastings Center Report.