bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous catalysis by new bead‐shaped polymer‐supported multisite phase transfer catalysts
Authors: Murugan Eagambaram , Gopinath Prakash 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThree different new insoluble bead‐shaped polymer‐supported multisite phase transfer catalysts containing two, four and six active sites have been prepared and characterized by FTIR, TGA, [chloride ion] and SEM analyses. The presence of number of active sites in each catalyst and their corresponding catalytic ability were studied by determining pseudo‐first order rate constants for C‐alkylation of phenylacetonitrile (PAN) and four different substituted PAN as the substrate using a low concentration of NaOH (25% w/w) at 50 °C. The observed rate constants were compared with rate constants of same reactions catalyzed by single‐site catalyst under identical reaction conditions. From comparative study, the efficiency of catalysts were found to be in the order six‐site>four‐site>two‐site>single‐site thus confirming number of active sites in each catalyst. Further, the detailed kinetic profile of C‐alkylation of PAN has been investigated using the superior six‐site catalyst by varying stirring speed, [substrate], [catalyst], [NaOH], and temperature. Based on the observed kinetic and activation parameters, an interfacial mechanism was proposed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 771–785, 2009
Psychosocial interventions and quality of life in gynaecological cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Hersch Jolyn , Juraskova Ilona , Price Melanie , Mullan Barbara 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjective: Women with gynaecological cancer are at risk of poor quality of life outcomes. Although various psychosocial interventions have been developed to address these concerns, such interventions have not yet been systematically evaluated in this population. The current review provides an up‐to‐date and comprehensive summary of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in women with gynaecological cancers.Methods: Relevant studies were identified via Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases (1980 to June 2008), reference lists of articles and reviews, grey literature databases, and consultations with physicians and other experts in the field. Only controlled trials comparing a psychosocial intervention with a control group in a gynaecological cancer population, with at least one quality of life variable as a main outcome, were included in the review. Two authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data.Results: Twenty‐two studies involving 1926 participants were included. There was substantial variability in study quality and results. Evidence was mixed regarding intervention effects on social and sexual functioning, distress, depression, anxiety, attitude to medical care, self‐esteem and body image. Interventions generally did not improve physical or vocational outcomes.Conclusions: There was limited evidence in support of healing touch, whereas information‐based interventions seemed largely unable to provide meaningful benefits. Cognitive‐behavioural interventions had some positive effects. Counselling appeared to be the most promising intervention strategy for addressing quality of life concerns for women with gynaecological cancers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptation process and psychosocial resources of Chinese colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant treatment: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Hou Wai Kai , Lam Wendy W. T. , Fielding Richard 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjectives: To examine how Chinese patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) dynamically adapt to diagnosis and treatment and explore how patients evolve and deploy different resources throughout the illness trajectory.Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted on a purposive sample of 16 histologically diagnosed Chinese CRC patients about to complete or who had very recently completed all treatment without recurrence. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by using grounded theory techniques.Results: Three major adaptation‐related themes were identified: (1) utilization of medical resources, (2) transition of resource utilization, and (3) continuous resistance to demands. Initial prevailing fatalistic views of diagnosis associated predominantly with frequent medical surveillance and with respondents' weighting of treatment and expertise of medical professionals. As treatment progressed, there was a shift toward reliance on personal and social resources to field cancer‐related demands concurrent with a gradual distancing from medical care. Upon treatment completion, fatalism re‐emerged regarding disease recurrence, which, like diagnosis, was seen as not amenable to individual control, even with close adherence to medical follow‐ups and dietary adjustment. Maintaining positive states of mind and good relationships with family and friends were cores strategies respondents adopted to preserve psychological well‐being.Conclusions: Maintenance and enhancement of personal and social resources throughout the CRC trajectory may have considerably more utility than traditional descriptive studies hitherto suggested. Considering personal and social resources within dynamic rather than static models could avoid the pitfall of attributing maladaptive responses to initial dispositions and socioeconomic conditions that are seemingly unalterable and enduring over time. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring social relational quality in colorectal cancer: the Social Relational Quality Scale (SRQS)
Authors: Hou Wai Kai , Lam Wendy Wing Tak , Law Chi Ching , Fu Yiu Tung , Fielding Richard 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjectives: Social relationships are central in Asian communities. Despite colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increasing in Asian populations the roles of social activity in facilitating adjustment and optimizing coping resources in Asian peoples remains largely unknown. We derived and validated among Chinese CRC patients, an instrument assessing social relational quality to enable study of these social processes.Methods: Qualitative interviews (n=16) generated 22‐items subsequently administered to 166 Chinese CRC survivors. Principal components analyses identified underlying constructs. The draft instrument, plus measures of optimism, affect, physical symptoms, and perceived social support were administered to a second cohort of 234 newly diagnosed Chinese CRC patients.Results: Three factors were extracted (54.44% of the total variance):Family Intimacy(7 items, 33.08%),Family Commitment(5 items, 14.17%), andFriendships(5 items, 7.19%). All subscales were internally consistent (α=0.75–0.82), exhibiting concurrent validity in negative correlations with anxiety and depression and positive correlations with physical and psychological well‐being. Convergent validity was indicated by significant positive correlations with optimism, and divergent validity by insignificant inverse correlations with physical symptoms and moderate correlations with perceived social support. Hierarchical regressions revealed positive correlations of the three subscales with psychological well‐being, controlling for perceived social support (β=0.13–0.28). Good criterion validity was indicated.Conclusion: The Social Relational Quality Scale is a psychometrically sound self‐report measure of social relational quality among Chinese CRC patients and needs further validation among other Asian groups. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Habit Modifiers on Morphology and Properties of Nano‐HNS Explosive in Prefilming Twin‐Fluid Nozzle‐Assisted Precipitation
Authors: Huang Hao , Wang Jingyu , Xu Wenzheng , Xie Ruizheng 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis article was published in Early View with DOI 10.1002/prep.200800071 – what is wrong. It has appeared with the correct DOI 10.1002/prep.200900071 – in Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 2009 (34) issue 1/2009 on pp 72‐77.
Glutamine synthetase mutation conferring target‐site‐based resistance to glufosinate in soybean cell selections
Authors: Pornprom Tosapon , Prodmatee Nathinee , Chatchawankanphanich Orawan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Glufosinate‐resistant soybean cells were achieved through direct selection of diploid cells in the suspension culture. Here, the mutations in the glutamine synthetase (GS) gene are described to understand the evidence pointing to the functional role of the GS gene in the herbicide sensitivity of the mutant cells.RESULTS: Based on the I50 values, dose–response experiments at the cell level showed that the resistance ratio of the resistant cell was 50‐fold, whereas the in vitro inhibition of GS activity required a 4.56‐fold greater concentration of glufosinate in the resistant cell than in the untreated control. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences identified nine point differences in the GS gene between the resistant and untreated cells, leading to eight amino acid substitutions in the deduced polypeptide sequence. Northern hybridization of the GS mRNA showed that the accumulation of GS gene mRNA transcript in resistant cells was higher than that in the untreated cells.CONCLUSION: Changes in sensitivity to glufosinate have been related to mutations at the binding site of the herbicide on the glutamine synthetase. His249 is one of the residues implicated in the binding domain for the substrate and inhibitor, and hence the exchange of this residue with tyrosine plays a role in lowering the sensitivity of the mutated enzyme. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Building blocks for the synthesis of post‐translationally modified glycated peptides and proteins
Authors: Carganico Stefano , Rovero Paolo , Halperin Jose A. , Papini Anna Maria , Chorev Michael 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGrowing interest in synthetic peptides carrying post‐traslational modifications, in general, and the Amadori modification in particular, raises the need for specific building blocks that can be used in stepwise peptide synthesis. Herein, we report the synthesis of Nα‐Fmoc‐Lys‐OH derivatives containing Nε‐1‐deoxyfructopyranosyl moiety. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐at‐arrival differences in home‐ownership attainment among immigrants and their foreign‐born offspring in Canada
Authors: Mendez Pablo 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper asks whether age at arrival matters when it comes to home‐ownership attainment among immigrants, paying particular attention to householders' self‐identification as a visible minority. Combining methods that were developed separately in the immigrant housing and the immigrant offspring literatures, this study shows the importance of recognising generational groups based on age at arrival, while also accounting for the interacting effects of current age (or birth cohorts) and arrival cohorts. The paper advocates a (quasi‐)longitudinal approach to studying home‐ownership attainment among immigrants and their foreign‐born offspring. Analysis of data from the Canadian Census reveals that foreign‐born householders who immigrated as adults in the 1970s and the 1980s are more likely to be home‐owners than their counterparts who immigrated at a younger age when they self‐identify as South Asian or White, but not always so when they self‐identify as Chinese or as ‘other visible minority’. The same bifurcated pattern recurs between householders who immigrated at secondary‐school age and those who were younger upon arrival. Age at arrival therefore emerges as a variable of significance to help explain differences in immigrant housing outcomes, and should be taken into account in future studies of immigrant home‐ownership attainment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial patterns of internal migration: evidence for ethnic groups in Britain
Authors: Simpson Ludi , Finney Nissa 
Published: December 2008

AbstractInternal migration is responsible for the changing geography of Britain's ethnic group populations. Although this changing geography is at the centre of heated debates of social policy, relatively little is known about the internal migration behaviour of different ethnic groups. This paper reviews existing evidence and analyses 1991 and 2001 Census data to provide an overview of patterns and trends in the geographies of migration for each ethnic group. It finds that counter‐urbanisation is common to all ethnic groups except Chinese. Both White and minority groups have on balance moved from the most non‐White areas in similar proportions, with some exceptions including White movement into the most concentrated Black areas, and Chinese movement towards its own urban concentrations. ‘White flight’ is not an appropriate term to describe White movement, nor to explain the growth of ethnically diverse urban areas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interconnection of the parameters obtained from the dielectric spectrum of CaF2 doped with ErF3 and YbF3 [Phys. Status Solidi B 245, No. 8, 1534–1537 (2008)]
Authors: Vassilikou‐Dova Aglaia , Katsika‐Tsigourakou Vassiliki 
Published: December 2008

AbstractReferences [17] and [23] have to be completed in the paper published in Phys. Status Solidi B 245, 1534 (2008). (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Application of piezoresistance effect in highly uniaxially strained p‐Si and n‐Si for current‐carrier mobility increase
Authors: Kolomoets Volodymyr , Baidakov Valentyn , Fedosov Anatolii , Gorin Andrii , Ermakov Valerii , Liarokapis Efthymios , Gromova Galina , Kazbekova B. , Taimuratova L. , Orasgulyev B. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractUniaxially strained channels occur in silicon p‐MOS transistors and n‐MOS transistors (IEDM Tech. Dig., pp. 61–64 (2002) and pp. 978–980 (2003) [1, 2]). Both longitudinal piezoresistance (PR) and transverse PR investigation in highly uniaxially strained p‐Si(B) and n‐Si(P) are presented. It is shown that the strong anisotropy of longitudinal PR and transverse PR are caused by the pressure‐induced change of isoenergetic surface shape, i.e. by the change of heavy‐hole effective mass and its anisotropy. In n‐Si the change of the longitudinal PR and transverse PR at X ∥ [100] is determined by both the change of the f‐transition probability with increasing pressure and the redistribution of electrons between the valleys with the effective mass m∥ (longitudinal PR) and m⊥ (transverse PR). (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Pressure and magnetic field effects on Pr1–xCax MnO3 thin films
Authors: Antonakos A. , Filippi M. , Auban‐Senzier P. , Lampakis D. , Pasquier C. R. , Prellier W. , Liarokapis E. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe report a systematic study of Pr1–x Cax MnO3 (x = 0.4 and 0.6) thin films grown on LaAlO3 (LAO) substrate (PCMO/LAO). X‐ray diffraction measurements have shown that the PCMO/LAO film is [101]‐oriented and under compressive strain due to the lattice mismatch. According to Raman spectroscopy the Jahn–Teller modes are suppressed under the application of pressure in the PCMO (x = 0.4) thin film. In particular, it was found that a pressure of 2 GPa suppresses the charge ordered state. Further high pressure measurements have confirmed that resistivity decreases linearly up to 2.4 GPa corresponding to a total reduction of about 35% in resistivity leading to a more conductive state on both concentrations. The temperature dependence of the resistivity has shown that the samples under pressure retain their semiconducting behavior. At ambient pressure the PCMO (x = 0.6) film shows a moderate magnetoresistance in the range 0–7 T and no metal to insulator transition (MIT). Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the application of a magnetic field of 1 T does not induce any remarkable changes on the electron–phonon interaction. Although, the hydrostatic pressure is not enough to induce a macroscopic metallic state, its effect is much greater than the one of the magnetic field. In addition, the effect of the 7 T magnetic field appears the same at ambient pressure and 2.5 GPa. Therefore the two effects of hydrostatic pressure and magnetic field do not seem to be coupled, at least up to the magnitudes studied. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tuning of the charge ordered state in the manganite thin films by internal or external strains
Authors: Antonakos A. , Filippi M. , Aydogdu G. H. , Prellier W. , Habermeier H.‐U. , Liarokapis E. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe have investigated methods for tuning the charge ordered state in the R1–x Cax MnO3 (R = La, Pr) manganite thin films grown on different substrates (SrTiO3 (STO), LaAlO3 (LAO), SrLaGaO4 (SLGO) and SrLaAlO4 (SLAO)). We have studied thin films of the Pr1–x Cax MnO3 manganite under hydrostatic pressure for various doping levels in order to induce a delocalization of carriers and destroy the charge ordered state (CO). It appears that both doping and the strains from the substrate can alter the CO state and tune the electrical properties of the compound. We have also proved that the application of an external hydrostatic pressure induces similar spectral modifications to doping in the Pr1–x Cax MnO3 (LCMO) thin films. By our systematic Raman studies under varying external (temperature and pressure) and internal (interfacial strains and doping) conditions, we investigate certain modes and extract direct information about the amount of the Jahn–Teller (JT) distortions, the CO state, and the strain or pressure induced phase separation in the manganite thin films. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Non‐linear excitation and correlation studies of single InGaN quantum dots
Authors: Collins Daniel P. , Jarjour Anas F. , Taylor Robert A. , Hadjipanayi Maria , Oliver Rachel A. , Kappers Menno J. , Humphreys Colin J. , Tahraoui Abbes 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe exact mechanism for non‐linear sub‐bandgap excitation of single InGaN quantum dots (QDs) has been investigated using interferometric autocorrelation techniques based around a near‐infrared (NIR) excitation laser. We identify unambiguously the heavily favoured two‐photon absorption (TPA) as being crucial in the observed background reduction for such Nitride structures and compare systematically the relative merits of both the linear (blue) and non‐linear (NIR) excitation regimes on several apertures of a masked sample. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of piezoelectric fields on excitonic complexes in InGaN quantum dots
Authors: Sebald K. , Kalden J. , Herlufsen S. , Lohmeyer H. , Tessarek C. , Yamaguchi T. , Figge S. , Hommel D. , Gutowski J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe present an analysis of the optical properties of single InGaN quantum dots (QDs) grown by MOVPE. The samples were structured into mesas by focused‐ion‐beam etching and investigated by micro‐photoluminescence measurements. The QDs are characterized by the high temperature stability of their emission up to 150 K. Furthermore, the polarization of individual QD emission lines was analyzed giving an insight into their geometrical shape. Time‐resolved microphotoluminescence measurements on the excitonic and biexcitonic transition of a single quantum dot yields a radiative recombination lifetime of 2.06 ns for the exciton. The data can be fitted by a simple model for cascaded emission confirming the expected refilling of the excitonic state by biexcitonic recombination. In addition, the influence of piezoelectric fields on the exciton and biexciton emission and on their binding energy in single QDs was investigated. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characteristics of chirped quantum dot superluminescent diodes
Authors: Bae H. C. , Park H. L. , You Y. C. , Han I. K. , Kim J. S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe compared the superluminescent diodes (SLDs) of two types in order to see the effect of embedding another quantum dots (QDs) layer. The insertion of another QDs layer showed a new possibility for a wider spectrum. In addition, through comparing two kinds of SLD structures, the peak positions of the ground state and excited state were observed to be affected differently by band‐filling, thermal effect, and the overlap of tails of excited state (ES) gain, according to the wafer structure, and the effect of the cap layer is superior to the carrier non‐uniformity. We also revealed the temperature sensitivity of carriers in QDs through measuring characteristic temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Raman scattering by porous structures with InAs quantum dots
Authors: Milekhin Alexander , Ursaki Veacheslav , Sirbu Lilian , Toropov Alexander , Tiginyanu Ion , Zahn Dietrich R. T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this paper we search for the possibilities of introducing porosity in InAs/AlAs/GaAs multilayer quantum dot structures as an additional tool for the modification of their phonon spectrum. Raman spectroscopy is used as a primary method of investigation of quantum dot phonon spectrum. Introduction of porosity in quantum dot structures leads to alteration of optical phonon frequencies in quantum dots due to relaxation of built‐in mechanical strain in quantum dots and appearance of Froehlich modes. Magnification of the Raman replicas by optical phonons in quantum dots is explained by multiple light reflection in the porous structure. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Line broadening of excitonic complexes in self‐assembled GaAs/AlGaAs single quantum dots
Authors: Abbarchi M. , Mastrandrea C. , Kuroda T. , Vinattieri A. , Mano T. , Koguchi N. , Sakoda K. , Gurioli M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractWe present a detailed experimental study of the line broadening of the different excitonic complexes inside single GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots. The investigated nanostructures are self assembled quantum dots (QDs), strain free nanocrystals grown by Modified Droplet Epitaxy technique. They show a typical PL spectrum with a triplet structure and by time correlated spectroscopy each contribution can be unambiguously assigned to neutral exciton, biexciton and trion.By high resolution spectroscopy, we have studied the line broadening for several single GaAs/AlGaAs QDs. The measured linewidth is found to vary between several tens to few hundreds of meV and we attribute this to spectral diffusion. The striking feature of the PL spectrum is that the trion and the biexciton line are always sharper with respect to the neutral exciton (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High resolution spectroscopy of self‐assembled single GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots
Authors: Abbarchi M. , Mastrandrea C. , Kuroda T. , Vinattieri A. , Mano T. , Koguchi N. , Sakoda K. , Gurioli M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn this contribution we report the results of polarization resolved, high resolution photoluminescence spectroscopy of single lattice‐matched, GaAs/Al0:3Ga0:7As quantum dots. The investigated samples are self assembled, strain free nanocrystals grown by Modifed Droplet Epitaxy technique. The lack of strain reflects in a nominal lack of piezoelectric field making such nanostructures potentially highly symmetric and suitable systems as polarization entangled photon sources.The high resolution, polarization resolved photoluminescence from isolated emitters present a clear linearlypolarized fine spectral splitting between the neutral exciton and biexciton lines while charged complexes are completely degenerate. By measuring the fine structure splitting and the line broadening of the excitonic photoluminescence we get new insights on the overlap of the opposite polarized lines (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)