bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of dynamic sentinel node biopsy in penile cancer: Our experience
Authors: Perdonà S. , Autorino R. , Gallo L. , Di Lorenzo G. , Cascini G.L. , Lastoria F. , Marra L. , De Sio M. , Damiano R. , Gallo A. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe report our initial experience with a relatively new technique, the so‐called “dynamic sentinel node biopsy”, in patients with penile cancer.MethodsFrom January 2001 to February 2003, 17 consecutive patients with bilateral, clinically node negative penile cancer were enrolled. Dynamic sentinel node biopsy was followed by local excision of the primary lesion or penile amputation during the same session. Standard inguinal node dissection was performed 4 weeks after the first operation in all the patients.ResultsPre‐operative lymphoscintigraphy revealed no sentinel nodes in 1, unilateral sentinel nodes in 5, and bilateral in 11 patients. Metastases were noted in 5 out of 16 patients (31.25%), bilaterally in 3 of them. Among the five patients with sentinel node metastasis, this was the only tumor positive lymph node in one patient. In all cases with negative dynamic sentinel node biopsy, no metastatic nodes were found at the following inguinal node dissection. Therefore, the technique showed a 100% negative predictive value and an 88% sensitivity.ConclusionsWe believe that dynamic sentinel node biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure that can be easily performed. The goal is to offer the possibility of less extensive surgery for selected low risk patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 181–185. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver resections in over‐75‐year‐old patients: Surgical hazard or current practice?
Authors: Aldrighetti Luca , Arru Marcella , Catena Marco , Finazzi Renato , Ferla Gianfranco 
Published: February 2006

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the safety of hepatic resections in the very old patient by comparing the outcome in patients younger and older than 75 years.MethodsThirty‐two resections in 31 patients ≥75 years (Over‐75 Group) were compared with 164 resections in 162 patients <75 years (Control Group). Indications for resection, concomitant diseases, previous abdominal surgery, type of resection, associated surgical procedures, use/length of portal clamping, intra‐operative blood losses and transfusions, and length of operation were preliminarily compared. The outcome was evaluated in terms of post‐operative mortality, morbidity, transfusions, and postoperative hospitalization.ResultsMean age was 76.0 ± 2.3 years (range 75–83) in the Over‐75 Group and 58.4 ± 10.7 years (range 23–74) in the Control Group. The over‐75 group included more hepatomas (43.8% vs. 26.8%, P = 0.09), chronic liver disease (31.3% vs. 28.7%, P = 0.03) and concomitant diseases (62.5% vs. 32.9%, P = 0.002). The two groups were comparable (P = n.s.) when evaluated for all other variables. The 30‐day mortality rate was 3.6% in the Control Group and none in the Over‐75 Group. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 37 patients (22.6%) in the Control Group and 1 patient (3.1%) in the Over‐75 Group, with statistically significant differences (P = 0.01), and incidence of medical complications was 13.4% in the Control Group and 3.1% in the Over‐75 Group. Median postoperative hospitalization and transfusions were not statistically different.ConclusionsHepatic resections in over‐75‐year‐old patients are not a surgical hazard and may be carried out relatively safely as long as an accurate selection of the patient is performed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 186–193. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p27 downregulation and metallothionein overexpression in gastric cancer patients are associated with a poor survival rate
Authors: Galizia Gennaro , Ferraraccio Francesca , Lieto Eva , Orditura Michele , Castellano Paolo , Imperatore Vincenzo , La Manna Giovanni , Pinto Margherita , Ciardiello Fortunato , La Mura Anna , De Vita Ferdinando 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAs a significant number of curatively treated gastric cancer patients will ultimately relapse, there is an urgent need to investigate new prognostic markers for identification of high‐risk patients. In this study, we investigated the possible role of molecular markers involved in cell cycle regulation (B1 and D3 cyclins, and p27) and cell protection (metallothionein, MT) in predicting tumor behavior and clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients.MethodsAnalysis of the above indicators was performed by immunohistochemistry on 73 gastric cancer patient samples and 25 normal gastric mucosa specimens.ResultsNormal gastric mucosa cells displayed low expressions of B1 and D3 cyclins and MT, and intense p27 staining. Conversely, gastric tumor cells showed higher cyclin D3 and MT, and lower p27 expressions. B1 cyclin expressions were not different between normal and tumor tissue. p27 and MT expressions were altered in almost all cancer samples, and were strongly correlated with tumor progression. Advanced extent of the primary tumor, nodal metastasis, low p27, and high MT expressions were the best combination of variables for prediction of poor clinical outcome. Each marker predicted outcome better than staging based on tumor‐node (TNM) system. Survival and recurrence rates decreased as molecular alterations increased. Finally, molecular profile determination correctly predicted the prognosis in patients with same TNM stage.Conclusionsp27 and MT expressions strongly correlated with clinical outcome allowing to identify an unfavorable group of patients that may benefit from tailored treatments. The role of B1 and D3 cyclins in gastric cancer remains to be elucidated. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 241–252. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in thin melanoma patients
Authors: Hershko Dan D. , Robb Bruce W. , Lowy Andrew M. , Ahmad Syed A. , Ramadas Go H. , Soldano Debbie A. , Sussman Jeffrey J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to determine the incidence of positive sentinel lymph nodes in thin melanoma (≤1.0 mm) patients and if subgroups could be identified with a higher risk of occult nodal disease.MethodsPatients with ≤1.0 mm lesions treated between 1997 and 2003 were reviewed. Sentinel nodes underwent microscopic analysis including step sectioning and immunohistochemical examination. Some nodes underwent reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) evaluation for melanoma markers.ResultsSixty‐four of 107 thin melanoma patients underwent sentinel node biopsy (SNB). Mapped patients were more likely to have Clark ≥ III and thicker lesions (mean 0.77 mm vs. 0.47mm), but were not different in regards to age, sex, or lesion location. Eight percent and 58% of sentinel nodes were positive by routine histology and RT‐PCR, respectively. Among mapped patients, younger age was the only significant prognostic factor for node positivity. With a median follow‐up of 18 months among all patients, one regional recurrence (at 2 years) has been identified.ConclusionsGiven the low morbidity of sentinel lymph node biopsy, this procedure should be discussed with selected thin melanoma patients to detect microscopic disease, however PCR positivity by our methods is too commonly seen to be clinically significant in thin melanoma patients and requires additional study. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 279–285. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic factors of myxofibrosarcomas: Implications of margin status, tumor necrosis, and mitotic rate on survival
Authors: Lin Ching‐Nan , Chou Shin‐Cheng , Li Chien‐Feng , Tsai Kun‐Bow , Chen Wen‐Chung , Hsiung Ching‐Yeh , Yen Cheng‐Fang , Huang Hsuan‐Ying 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackgroundMyxofibrosarcomas (MFS) are characterized by tumor progression with increased metastases after local recurrences (LR). Few series had appropriately addressed what parameters independently affect prognosis.MethodsSeventy primary localized MFS were analyzed for local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS), metastasis‐free survival (MeFS), and disease‐specific survival (DSS). Follow‐up was obtained in 61 cases.ResultsThirty‐eight males and 32 females had primary tumors ranging from 1.5 to 24 cm. Thirty and 40 tumors were superficial and deep, respectively, with 26 cases (38%) having positive margins. The 5‐year LRFS‐, MeFS‐, and DSS‐rates were 30%, 60%, and 73%. Positive margins (P = 0.0003) were the only inferior LRFS predictor. High grade (FNCLCC 2 and 3) was a negative factor of both MeFS (P = 0.0078) and DSS (P = 0.0174), and high stage (AJCC stage 3) was predictive of MeFS (P = 0.0470). However, both grading and staging were not prognostically independent. In multivariate analyses, mitoses ≥20/10 HPF (P = 0.0009, RR = 9.71) and positive margins (P = 0.0203, RR = 4.27) were independent adverse DSS predictor. However, tumor necrosis ≥10% (P = 0.0092, RR = 3.91) independently correlated with worse MeFS, together with mitoses ≥20/10 HPF (P = 0.0176, RR = 3.80) and positive margins (P = 0.0121, RR = 3.41).ConclusionsMargin status and histologic property both affect the prognosis of MFS. The former correlates with improved LRFS and translates into final survival benefits. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:294–303. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Double‐barreled wet colostomy is a safe option for simultaneous urinary and fecal diversion. Analysis of 56 procedures from a single institution
Authors: Guimaraes Gustavo C. , Ferreira Fabio O. , Rossi Benedito M. , Aguiar Samuel , Zequi Stenio C. , Bachega Wilson , Nakagawa Wilson T. , Fonseca Francisco P. , Sarkis Alvaro S. , Lopes Ademar 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWide pelvic tumors need urinary and fecal diversion. We set out to assess the efficacy of the double‐barreled wet colostomy (DBWC) in patients undergoing simultaneous double diversion.Material and MethodsWe reviewed 56 consecutive patients submitted to surgery, divided into two groups: (1) total pelvic exenteration plus DBWC (n = 26); (2) DBWC without simultaneous pelvic resection (n = 30). Pelvic tumor recurrences accounted for most patients (n = 53), whereas the remaining three patients suffered from actinic pelvic complications.ResultsSurgical morbidity and mortality rates were 53.8% (14/26) and 11.5% (3/26) in Group 1, and 43.5% (13/30) and 3.3% (1/30) in Group 2, respectively. Only 2 patients out of 51 (3.9%) developed late postoperative urinary tract infection. Regression of the hydronephrosis was observed in 28 out of 33 assessable patients. Median survival in Groups 1 and 2 was 8.36 and 4.14 months, respectively. In the subgroup of patients submitted to curative surgery (n = 24), actuarial cancer‐specific survival rate in 2 years was 58.78%.ConclusionDBWC is a safe and efficient alternative for simultaneous urinary and fecal diversion, with low morbidity and mortality rates, improvement of renal insufficiency, and low risk of postoperative urinary tract infection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 206–211. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bladder recurrence of upper urinary tract cancer after laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Kume Haruki , Teramoto Shinji , Tomita Kyoichi , Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Takahashi Satoru , Takeuchi Takumi , Ota Nobutaka , Kitamura Tadaichi 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeWe reviewed our cases to determine whether laparoscopic nephroureterectomy is a risk factor for the bladder recurrence.Materials and MethodsFrom 1996 to 2003, 65 nephroureterectomies were performed: 47 by open and 18 by laparoscopic surgery. In 43 (28 by open, 15 by laparoscopic surgery), bladder cancer was not observed at the time of the operation. Two laparoscopic operations were converted to open surgery because of technical problems. The other 13 with laparoscopic and 28 with open surgery were enrolled into this study.ResultsSignificantly higher recurrence rate was observed in laparoscopic cases (69.2%) than that in open cases (35.7%, P = 0.0484) by log rank test. However, the operation time required in laparoscopic surgery (371.5 ± 90.8 min) was significantly longer than that in the open surgery (229.9 ± 46.6 min, P < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model), only the longer operation time (>250 min) was a significant variable (P = 0.0305), and laparoscopic surgery in itself was not a significant risk factor (P = 0.5011).ConclusionsAlthough frequent bladder recurrence was observed in laparoscopic cases, the most important risk factor was the longer operation time. Technical improvements including shortening of operation time and earlier ureteral ligation may decrease the bladder recurrence. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93: 318–322. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complications following pulsed dye laser treatment of superficial hemangiomas
Authors: Witman Patricia M. , Wagner Annette M. , Scherer Kathrin , Waner Milton , Frieden Ilona J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePulsed dye laser (PDL) has been reported to be safe and effective in the management of superficial hemangiomas of infancy. We report 12 patients with hemangiomas with complications following PDL.Study Design/Materials and MethodsRecords of patients with hemangiomas and a known adverse outcome following PDL were reviewed.ResultsAll were treated early (age range: 5 days to 4 months), and all hemangiomas were facial with a superficial component. Eleven were treated with a 585 nm wavelength, fluence range of 4.7–7 J/cm2, without dynamic cooling. One patient received 7–12 J/cm2 utilizing a 595 nm wavelength with dynamic cooling. In eight cases, treatment led to severe ulceration with subsequent pain, scarring, and in one instance, life‐threatening hemorrhage. In four, permanent atrophic scarring was noted without ulceration.ConclusionsPDL treatment of superficial hemangiomas may rarely lead to significant complications including atrophic scarring and severe ulceration. Lasers Surg. Med. 38:116–123, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thermal responses of ex vivo human skin during multiple cryogen spurts and 1,450 nm laser pulses
Authors: Zhang Rong , Ramirez‐San‐Juan Julio C. , Choi Bernard , Jia Wangcun , Aguilar Guillermo , Kelly Kristen M. , Nelson J. Stuart 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAlthough cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is used to minimize the risk of epidermal damage during laser dermatologic surgery, concern has been expressed that CSC may induce cryo‐injury. The objective of this study is to measure temperature variations at the epidermal–dermal junction in ex vivo human skin during three clinically relevant multiple cryogen spurt—laser pulse sequences (MCS‐LPS).Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe epidermis of ex vivo human skin was separated from the dermis and a thin‐foil thermocouple (13 µm thickness) was inserted between the two layers. Thermocouple depth and epidermal thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Skin specimens were preheated to 30°C before the MCS‐LPS were initiated. Three MCS‐LPS patterns, with total cryogen spray times of 38, 30, and 25 milliseconds respectively, were applied to the specimens in combination with laser fluences of 10 and 14 J/cm2, while the thermocouple recorded the temperature changes at the epidermal–dermal junction.ResultsThe thermocouple effectively recorded fast temperature changes during three MCS‐LPS patterns. The lowest temperatures measured corresponded to the sequences with longer pre‐cooling cryogen spurts. No sub‐zero temperatures were measured for any of the MCS‐LPS patterns under study.ConclusionsThe three clinically relevant MCS‐LPS patterns evaluated in this study do not cause sub‐zero temperatures in ex vivo human skin at the epidermal–dermal junction and, therefore, are unlikely to cause significant cryogen induced epidermal injury. Lasers Surg. Med. 38:137–141, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural evaluation of multiple pass low energy versus single pass high energy radio‐frequency treatment
Authors: Kist David , Burns A. Jay , Sanner Roth , Counters Jeff , Zelickson Brian 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe radio‐frequency (RF) device is a system capable of volumetric heating of the mid to deep dermis and selective heating of the fibrous septa strands and fascia layer. Clinically, these effects promote dermal collagen production, and tightening of these deep subcutaneous structures. A new technique of using multiple low energy passes has been described which results in lower patient discomfort and fewer side effects. This technique has also been anecdotally described as giving more reproducible and reliable clinical results of tissue tightening and contouring. This study will compare ultrastructural changes in collagen between a single pass high energy versus up to five passes of a multiple pass lower energy treatment.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThree subjects were consented and treated in the preauricular region with the RF device using single or multiple passes (three or five) in the same 1.5 cm2 treatment area with a slight delay between passes to allow tissue cooling. Biopsies from each treatment region and a control biopsy were taken immediately, 24 hours or 6 months post treatment for electron microscopic examination of the 0–1 mm and 1–2 mm levels. Sections of tissue 1 mm×1 mm×80 nm were examined with an RCA EMU‐4 Transmission Electron Microscope. Twenty sections from 6 blocks from each 1 mm depth were examined by 2 blinded observers. The morphology and degree of collagen change in relation to area examined was compared to the control tissue, and estimated using a quantitative scale.ResultsUltrastructural examination of tissue showed that an increased amount of collagen fibril changes with increasing passes at energies of 97 J (three passes) and 122 J (five passes), respectively. The changes seen after five multiple passes were similar to those detected after much more painful single pass high‐energy treatments.ConclusionsThis ultrastructural study shows changes in collagen fibril morphology with an increased effect demonstrated at greater depths of the skin with multiple low‐fluence passes and at lesser depths with single pass higher fluence settings. Findings suggest that similar collagen fibril alteration can occur with multiple pass low‐energy treatments and single pulse high‐energy treatments. The lower fluence multiple pass approach is associated with less patient discomfort, less side effects, and more consistent clinical results. Lasers Surg. Med. 38:150–154, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New Heteroaromatic Polymers Consisting of Alkyl‐ and Amino‐1,3,5‐triazine Units. Their Basic Optical Properties and n‐Type Time‐of‐Flight Drift Mobility
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu , Watanabe Shoutaro , Fukumoto Hiroki , Sato Masaru , Tanaka Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSummary: Alternating copolymers between substituted 1,3,5‐triazine (substituent = alkyl or amine) and thiophene or bithiophene are synthesized. The copolymer of amino‐1,3,5‐triazine with thiophene is soluble in organic solvents, transparent in most parts of the visible region, and photoluminescent. The copolymer receives electrochemical n‐doping with an Epc of −2.08 V vs Ag+/Ag and shows a time‐of‐flight electron drift mobility of 2.0 × 10−4 cm2 · V−1 · s−1, which is larger than that of widely used Al(8‐quinolinolato)3.Structure of the poly(1,3,5‐triazine)s.magnified imageStructure of the poly(1,3,5‐triazine)s.
Fabrication of Biomimetic Super‐Amphiphobic Surfaces Through Plasma Modification of Benzoxazine Films
Authors: Wang Chih‐Feng , Chiou Shih‐Feng , Ko Fu‐Hsiang , Chou Cheng‐Tung , Lin Han‐Ching , Huang Chih‐Feng , Chang Feng‐Chih 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSummary: In this study, a method for producing super‐amphiphobic surfaces through plasma modification of benzoxazine films is presented. Microroughening and fluorination of the benzoxazine films occurs during the plasma treatment process and a rugged surface with a micro/nano binary structure is formed. The combined effect of low surface energy and substrate roughness results in high advancing contact angles (157° for water, 152° for diiodomethane) and low contact angle hysteresis.SEM image of a cross‐linked polybenzoxazine film treated with Ar plasma (7 min) heated to 200 °C (1 h) and treated with CF4 plasma for 30 s.magnified imageSEM image of a cross‐linked polybenzoxazine film treated with Ar plasma (7 min) heated to 200 °C (1 h) and treated with CF4 plasma for 30 s.
Effects of Comonomers on Lamellar and Noncrystalline Microstructure of Ethylene Copolymers
Authors: Cho Tai‐Yon , Shin Eun Ji , Jeong Wonhee , Heck Barbara , Graf Robert , Strobl Gert , Spiess Hans W. , Yoon Do Y. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractSummary: A systematic investigation of the microstructure of ethylene copolymers has been carried out as a function of the comonomer type and content, employing small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) experiments to study the lamellar structure, and solid‐state NMR to study the local conformational freedom. The SAXS results clearly show that the major consequence of incorporating comonomers (butene and octene) is the absence of lamellar thickening during the crystallization. From solid‐state NMR study, applying the rotor‐encoded rotational echo double resonance technique (REREDOR), it is found that the extent of the orientational order in the noncrystalline region of semicrystalline polyethylene is substantial but this order is not significantly affected by the incorporation of comonomer units. Therefore, the major cause for the significant improvements of mechanical properties observed for ethylene copolymers is not a change in the thermodynamic state of the noncrystalline region, but most likely a significant change in the intermolecular topological structure due to the blocking of disentanglement processes required by the lamellar thickening step during crystallization.
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Type‐1 cannabinoid receptor expression in the frog, Rana esculenta, tissues: A possible involvement in the regulation of testicular activity
Authors: Meccariello Rosaria , Chianese Rosanna , Cacciola Giovanna , Cobellis Gilda , Pierantoni Riccardo , Fasano Silvia 
Published: February 2006

AbstractEndogenous cannabinoids and type‐1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) are widely produced and distributed in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nerves in mammals. In addition, the detection of endocannabinoids and corresponding receptors in non nervous peripheral tissues indicates an involvement of the system in the control of a wide range of physiological activities, including reproduction. Recently, the existence of CB1 was also observed in lower vertebrates and in urochordate suggesting that the endocannabinoid system is phylogenetically conserved. Using RT‐PCR, CB1 mRNA expression profiles were characterized in a wide range of tissues of the anuran amphibian, the frog, Rana esculenta. Besides a strong expression in the CNS, CB1 was also present in testis, kidney, liver, ovary, muscle, heart, spleen, and pituitary. The CB1 expression pattern has been characterized in both testis and CNS during the annual sexual cycle. In testis, CB1 is poorly expressed during the winter stasis of the spermatogenesis rising during the breeding season and resumption period. An expression profile mismatching to that observed in testis was detected in whole‐brain preparations during the sexual cycle; in particular in the diencephalon, the encephalic area mainly involved in the control of reproductive functions. Furthermore, fluctuations inside isolated encephalic areas and spinal cord were observed all over the reproductive cycle. In conclusion, CB1 receptor is expressed in R. esculenta CNS and testis. As far as the gonad it concerns, our results suggest the involvement of the endocannabinoids in the control of reproductive function. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.