bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administering the maternal appeasing substance to Bos taurus and B. indicus cattle placed as yearlings in feedlots with different environmental conditions
Authors: Cooke Reinaldo F , Mackey Shea J , de Souza Izadora S , Mello Ingo A S , Barreto Yasmin M , Gouvea Vinicius N 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two experiments evaluated growth performance of finishing cattle placed on feed as yearlings, and receiving the maternal bovine appeasing substance (mBAS) during stressful management events. In Exp. 1, 240 Angus-influenced yearling steers arrived at the research feedyard on d -1 after a 4-h road transport, and body weight (BW) was recorded upon arrival (411.8 ± 2.5 kg). Steers were ranked by arrival BW and received 1 of 2 treatments during initial processing (d 0): 1) 10 mL of a mBAS (Ferappease®; FERA Diagnostics and Biologicals; College Station, TX) or 2) 10 ml of mineral oil (CON; placebo). Treatments were applied topically to the nuchal skin area (5 mL) and above the muzzle (5 mL). During initial processing, steers were weighed, vaccinated against Clostridium spp. and respiratory pathogens, dewormed, implanted, and then distributed into 30 drylot pens according to arrival BW and treatment (n = 15 pens/treatment, 8 steers/pen). Steers were reapplied treatments concurrently with reimplanting on d 75. Initial BW was the average BW on d -1 and 0, final BW was the average of BW recorded on d 138 and 139, and steers were slaughtered on d 139. Steers assigned to mBAS had greater (P ≤ 0.04) ADG, final BW, and hot carcass weight (HCW). Feed intake was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in mBAS steers, but mostly after reimplanting (treatment × day; P &lt; 0.01). Carcass yield grade, backfat thickness, marbling score, and % Choice or better were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in mBAS steers. In Exp. 2, Nelore (Bos indicus) yearling bulls (n = 2,626) arrived at a feedyard (d 0) after a 96-h road transport, and BW was recorded upon arrival (shrunk BW = 352.9 ± 0.6 kg). Bulls were assigned to receive mBAS or CON as in Exp. 1 during initial processing on d 0 (10 pens/treatment; ~130 bulls/pen) which included deworming and vaccination against Clostridium spp. and respiratory pathogens. Bulls were on feed for 96.0 ± 1.0 d until slaughter. Bull ADG was calculated using arrival BW considering a 14% shrink and final BW recorded when loading bulls to slaughter. Bulls assigned to mBAS had greater (P ≤ 0.04) ADG, feed intake, final BW, and HCW. Morbidity and mortality rates due to respiratory disease were less (P = 0.02) in mBAS bulls. Collectively, mBAS administration during stressful management events improved growth performance, mainly by increasing feed intake, in finishing cattle placed on feed as yearlings in feedlot systems typical of US (Exp. 1) and tropical regions (Exp. 2).
Inhibition of the Hippo pathway by verteporfin reduces the proliferation and stemness of rat hair follicle neural crest stem cells under hypoxia
Authors: Liu Weihai , Chen Suhua , Chen Xin , Xue Lixiang , Wang Yan , Yang Jun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHair follicle neural crest stem cells reside in the bulge region of the outer root sheath of hair follicles, originate from the ectoderm, and have multidirectional differentiation potential, making them ideal candidates for tissue engineering applications. These cells mainly reside in a hypoxic microenvironment that favors the maintenance of stemness. Recently, many studies have elucidated the involvement of the Hippo pathway in the regulation of stem cell fate. However, few studies have investigated whether the Hippo signaling pathway regulates the growth of hair follicle neural crest stem cells in hypoxic environments. In the present study, we investigated the role of the Hippo pathway in the regulation of hair follicle neural crest stem cells under hypoxic conditions. We identified neural crest‐derived stem cells from single‐cell RNA‐seq data of skin organoids in a public database, and reported that the Hippo pathway was activated in the cell population. Hair follicle neural crest stem cells were isolated from rat hair follicles and cultured under hypoxic (3% oxygen) and normoxic (20% oxygen) conditions. Cell viability was assessed via the CCK8 assay. The expression levels of several key genes, including Hif2α, Nestin, Sox10, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, and Klf4, were evaluated via quantitative real‐time PCR, after which we treated the cells with verteporfin, a small molecule inhibitor of the Hippo pathway. Changes in the subcellular localization of the hair follicle neural crest stem cell‐specific marker SOX10 were assessed via immunofluorescence. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of proteins associated with stemness and hypoxia responses, including HIF2α, SOX10, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4. The results showed that hypoxic conditions facilitated the maintenance of stemness in hair follicle neural crest stem cells, including the promotion of proliferation and the expression of multipotential markers. Inhibition of the Hippo pathway results in a significant decrease in cell proliferation. The protein expression of HIF2α, SOX10, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4 was also reduced under hypoxic conditions.
The Value of Blood T Cell Frequencies for Risk Prediction of Postoperative Complications in Pancreatic Cancer Surgery
Authors: Natusch Loreen , Heiduk Max , Klimova Anna , Beer Carolin , Willms Tido , Digomann David , Reiche Charlotte , Aust Daniela E. , Hempel Sebastian , Oehme Florian , Distler Marius , Weitz Jürgen , Seifert Adrian M. , Seifert Lena 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To quantify and characterize preoperative blood T cells in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), who underwent tumor resection, and to determine their relevance as biomarkers for postoperative pancreas-specific complications.

Background:
Pancreas-specific complications after pancreatic surgery are associated with a high morbidity and mortality, which both deprive patients of adjuvant chemotherapy. Noninvasive biomarkers for risk prediction of postoperative complications are missing, and the role of blood T cells for preoperative risk stratification is unknown.

Methods:
The preoperative frequency of blood T cell subsets was analyzed for 73 patients with PDAC, who underwent proximal pancreatectomy. Patients were screened for postoperative complications such as pancreatic fistula, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, and postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis. The frequency of CD8+, conventional CD4+, and regulatory T cells, as well as the differentiation state of each T cell subset in the peripheral blood of patients with PDAC, was analyzed.

Results:
Of 73 patients with PDAC, 19.2% developed pancreas-specific complications. The occurrence of postoperative complications was independent of the type of resection performed (Whipple procedure vs pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy). Neither the frequency of CD8+, conventional CD4+, and regulatory T cells nor the state of T cell differentiation in the peripheral blood was associated with postoperative pancreas-specific complications. Notably, a significantly lower preoperative bilirubin serum level was observed in patients, who developed postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after proximal pancreatectomy (P =0.001).

Conclusions:
A low preoperative bilirubin serum level was associated with a higher risk for postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after proximal pancreatectomy. However, the preoperative blood T cell frequency does not predict postoperative pancreas-specific complications.
Association of Obesity With Sedative Dosing, Sedative Response, and Clinical Outcomes in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Children
Authors: Ward Shan L. , Dawkins-Henry Onella S. , Asaro Lisa A. , Wypij David , Curley Martha A. Q. ,   for the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure (RESTORE) Study Investigators
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on the use of analgesics and sedatives, rates of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS), and outcomes in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. Additionally, it sought to assess whether a nurse-implemented sedation protocol would be equally effective for children with and without obesity.

DESIGN:
Secondary analysis of the Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure (RESTORE) pediatric multicenter clinical trial.

SETTING:
Thirty-one U.S. PICUs.

PATIENTS:
Children 1–17 years old, categorized as with or without obesity according to World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The study assessed various factors including medication exposure, adequacy of pain and sedation management, IWS rates, and clinical outcomes. Obesity occurred in 22% of patients. Obesity did not influence choice of opiate, but it led to extended exposure to these medications. There were no differences in dosing per kilogram of admission weight, resulting in significantly higher daily and cumulative doses in those with obesity. In the protocolized sedation arm, patients with obesity received significantly higher median opiate doses compared with the nonobesity protocolized sedation group. IWS rates did not differ; however, protocolized sedation obesity patients experienced more instances of inadequate sedation, longer time to extubation readiness, longer duration of mechanical ventilation and PICU stay, and higher 28-day in-hospital mortality than the protocolized sedation nonobesity group. These weight-based differences were not noted in the usual care arm.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study underscores the significance of accounting for body habitus when selecting and dosing opiates in children with acute respiratory failure. Obesity had substantial impact on medication exposure and clinical outcomes, particularly within a structured, protocolized sedation regimen. Further research is warranted to explore the intricate relationship between medication dosing and clinical outcomes in children with obesity.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in cancer therapy
Authors: Zhu Ziqi , Shi Yujun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) have emerged as critical agents for cancer therapy. By inhibiting the catalytic activity of PARP enzymes and trapping them in the DNA, PARPis disrupt DNA repair, ultimately leading to cell death, particularly in cancer cells with homologous recombination repair deficiencies, such as those harboring BRCA mutations. This review delves into the mechanisms of action of PARPis in anticancer treatments, including the inhibition of DNA repair, synthetic lethality, and replication stress. Furthermore, the clinical applications of PARPis in various cancers and their adverse effects as well as their combinations with other therapies and the mechanisms underlying resistance are summarized. This review provides comprehensive insights into the role and mechanisms of PARP and PARPis in DNA repair, with a particular focus on the potential of PARPi-based therapies in precision medicine for cancer treatment.
Enhanced Recovery Independently Lowers Failure to Rescue After Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Catarci Marco , Ruffo Giacomo , Viola Massimo Giuseppe , Garulli Gianluca , Pavanello Maurizio , Scatizzi Marco , Bottino Vincenzo , Guadagni Stefano ,   The Italian ColoRectal Anastomotic Leakage (iCral) study group
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
High adherence to the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway reduces morbidity and mortality rates after elective colorectal surgery.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effect of adherence to the enhanced recovery after surgery pathway on the failure to rescue rates after elective colorectal surgery.

DESIGN:
Retrospective analysis of a prospective database.

PATIENTS:
Adults (≥ 18 years old) who underwent elective colorectal resection with anastomosis for benign and malignant disease.

SETTINGS:
Prospective enrolment in 78 centers in Italy from 2019 to 2021.

INTERVENTIONS:
All the outcomes were measured at 60 days after surgery. Several patient-, disease-, treatment-, hospital-, and complication-related variables were analyzed for the outcomes. After univariate analyses, independent predictors of the endpoints were identified through logistic regression analyses, presenting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Failure to rescue after any adverse event, defined as the ratio between the number of deaths and the number of patients showing any adverse event; failure to rescue after any major adverse event, with the denominator represented by the number of patients showing any major adverse event.

RESULTS:
An adverse event was recorded in 2,321 out of 8,359 patients (27.8%), a major adverse event in 523 patients (6.3%), and death in 88 patients (1.0%). The failure to rescue rates were 3.8% after any adverse event and 16.8% after any major adverse event. Independent predictors of primary endpoints were identified among patient- (age, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, nutritional status), treatment- (type of resection), and complication-related (anastomotic leakage, reoperation) variables. Enhanced recovery pathway adherence > 70% independently reduced failure to rescue rates.

LIMITATIONS:
Clustering from multicenter data, and unmeasured confounding from observational data.

CONCLUSIONS:
Following elective colorectal resection, adherence > 70% to the enhanced recovery pathway independently decreased failure to rescue rates, along with other patient- or treatment-related factors. See Video Abstract.
Winter-time solar radiation, precipitation, and psychotropic medication purchases: A cohort study in Finnish public sector employees
Authors: Raza Auriba , Partonen Timo , Aalto Ville , Ervasti Jenni , Ruuhela Reija , Asp Magnus , Engström Erik , Pentti Jaana , Vahtera Jussi , Halonen Jaana I. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
In Northern latitudes, winter is the darkest time of the year, and depressive episodes during winter are prevalent. Although changing weather patterns due to climate change are projected to result in warmer and wetter and, thus, even darker winters, research on the impact of winter-time natural light and precipitation on mental health is scarce. We examined associations of exposure to solar radiation and precipitation with psychotropic medication and antidepressant purchases in winter months.

Methods:
Of the 251,268 eligible participants from the Finnish public sector study, aged ≥18 years, 72% were women. Associations for municipality-level 4-week average solar radiation and precipitation with register-based medication purchases from 1999 to 2016 were analyzed using random effects method with Poisson regression. A 6-month washout period with no purchases was applied to each purchase. Confounding by region and year, and effect modifications by sex, age, and socioeconomic status were examined.

Results:
No association was observed for an increase in 4-week average of solar radiation by standard deviation (585 kJ/m2) with any psychotropic medications (incidence rate ratio: 0.99; 95% confidence interval: 0.98, 1.00) or antidepressants (1.00; 0.99, 1.01). No difference in any psychotropic medication or antidepressant purchases in participants exposed to high solar radiation (≥2000 kJ/m2) compared with those with the lowest exposure (<500 kJ/m2) was observed. No associations were observed for precipitation.

Conclusion:
No evidence linking higher solar radiation exposure to reduced psychotropic medication purchases, nor higher precipitation exposure to increased medication purchases in winter was observed. Further research is needed to validate and expand upon these findings.
Short-term exposure to relative humidity and lung health in early adolescents
Authors: Nassikas Nicholas J. , Ni Wenli , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L. , Luttmann-Gibson Heike , Synn Andrew , Oken Emily , Gold Diane R. , Rice Mary B. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Extremes in humidity can induce bronchoconstriction and trigger breathing symptoms in people with asthma. Less is known about how humidity influences measurements of lung health in children and adolescents. Our objective was to assess the extent to which short-term exposures to high and low relative humidity (RH) are associated with lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in adolescents.

Methods:
We included adolescents (mean age 13.2 y, SD: 0.9) from a northeast US prospective prebirth cohort (n = 1019). We assigned daily RH levels to geocoded participant addresses. We defined low or high RH as ≤10th or ≥90th internal percentiles, respectively, of the cohort-specific RH distribution and the reference RH as the median. We evaluated the linearity of associations of RH in the 1–7 days before assessment with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FeNO using generalized additive models with penalized splines (df = 3). We log-transformed FeNO due to non-normality. For nonlinear relationships, we used distributed lag nonlinear models to explore the cumulative effects of lag 1–7 day RH on FEV1, FVC, and FeNO.

Results:
Median RH was 65.6% (interquartile range [IQR] = 19.8%), 10th percentile 47.2%, 90th percentile 86.6%. Mean FeNO (SD) was 25.9ppb (26.9ppb). High (vs. median) RH was associated with 38.0% higher FeNO (95% CI = 10.3, 72.7). Exposure to low (vs. median) RH was associated with 186.2 ml lower FEV1 (95% CI = −299.2, −73.3) and −130.2 ml lower FVC (95% CI = −251.9, −8.5).

Conclusion:
Short-term exposures to extremes of RH were associated with lower lung function and higher FeNO, a measure of airway inflammation, in adolescents.
Patient experience of menopause care after breast cancer in the UK: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Glynne Sarah , Reisel Daniel , Kamal Aini , Newson Louise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to explore women's experience of menopause care after breast cancer in the UK.

Methods
An online survey incorporating the validated Shared Decision Making SDM-Q-9 questionnaire was disseminated via social media to breast cancer survivors in the UK.

Results
A total of 1,195 women completed the survey. The menopause symptom burden was high (99.7%). Fear of recurrence was the dominant concern for 55.6% of women, but 44.4% were more concerned about quality of life and future risk of long-term conditions associated with estrogen deficiency. Women further from diagnosis were less concerned about recurrence (fear of recurrence was the dominant concern for 58.6% of women within 2 y of diagnosis vs. 43.1% of women more than 15 y from diagnosis, P = 0.001). Of all women, 68.3% were offered treatment (nonhormone treatment, 58.5%; vaginal hormones, 35.5%; menopause hormone therapy, 13.1%; testosterone, 10.1%). Menopause specialists were more likely to prescribe MHT versus nonmenopause specialists (68.2% vs. 31.8%, P < 0.0001); GP menopause specialists were more likely to prescribe testosterone versus gynecologist menopause specialists (60.8% vs. 39.2%, P < 0.0001). Of all women, 49.6% who were not offered menopause hormone therapy were willing to consider it, and 83.7% wanted more information about menopause hormone therapy. Information provision and time allocated to menopause-related discussion were poor (<10 min for 73.52% of women). Involvement in menopause-related treatment decisions was low (SDM-Q-9 median score, 11.1/100; IQR, 0.0-28.9). Women who consulted a menopause specialist (30.2%) were significantly more able to discuss their concerns (P < 0.001), were given significantly more time (>10 min for 75.6%, P < 0.001), and felt significantly more involved in menopause-related treatment decisions (P < 0.001). Overall, 96% of women wanted more support for menopausal symptoms.

Conclusions
Many women in the study cohort had unmet menopause-related health needs after breast cancer, and the quality of menopause care received was poor. Most women felt uninvolved in menopause-related treatment decisions. Women experienced higher quality menopause care if they had access to a menopause specialist.
Quantitative Fluorescein Angiography Biomarkers in Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Huang Ryan S. , Mihalache Andrew , Popovic Marko M. , Munn Colyn , Melo Isabela Martins , Pecaku Aurora , Friedman Alon , Pimentel Miguel Cruz , Tang Tina , Yan Peng , Wong David T. , Muni Rajeev H. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To investigate the association between baseline clinical characteristics of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and quantitative intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA) parameters.

Methods:
Consecutive patients with DME presenting with a central macular thickness (CMT) >310 μm were recruited from 2017-2023. Ultra-widefield IVFA images were analyzed with the RETICAD algorithm to extract quantitative measures of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) permeability, retinal perfusion, and blood flow. Univariable and multivariable regression models were used to investigate associations between IVFA parameters and baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), CMT, and macular volume.

Results:
The study population consisted of 56 eyes with DME, and seven eyes from healthy controls. In our multivariable analysis, BRB permeability measured in the central and peripheral retina was significantly associated with BCVA (p=0.003 and 0.002, respectively) and macular volume (p=0.025 and 0.045, respectively). Both central and peripheral BRB permeability were significantly higher in DME eyes relative to healthy controls (p<0.001).

Conclusion:
Increased BRB permeability measured on IVFA in DME eyes was associated with a greater baseline macular volume and worse BCVA, suggesting its potential in providing an objective assessment of disease severity. Future research should explore the clinical utility of quantitative IVFA measurements in diverse patient populations.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors may reduce the risk of Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Thomas Faye , Lochhead Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
To investigate any difference in the rate of serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) use in patients with retinal vein occlusions (RVO), compared to an age matched control group.

Methods:
Retrospective data collection of risk factors and prescribed drugs from consecutive electronic patient records of all patients diagnosed with RVO over 5 years. Routine, age matched patients were identified for a control group. The two groups were compared with Chi2 test and multiple Logistic regression. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated.

Results:
In total, 775 patients were included in this study. 283 patients were in the RVO group and 492 in the control group. The rate of SRI and Statin use was significantly different in both groups for all ages (p<0.001). Logistic regression confirmed a significant reduction in RVO associated with SRI use (OR 0.39), Statins (OR 0.51) and combined drugs (OR 0.22) with all groups reaching statistical significance (p<0.001)

Conclusion:
This study has found lower rates of RVO in patients receiving an SRI or a Statin compared to controls. This data suggests that individuals taking an SRI are less likely to suffer a RVO and SRIs may have an additive effect when combined with Statins.