bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoma‐derived growth factor is a novel prognostic factor for gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Chang Kuo‐Chin , Tai Ming‐Hong , Lin Jui‐Wei , Wang Chih‐Chi , Huang Chao‐Cheng , Hung Chao‐Hung , Chen Chien‐Hung , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Lee Chuan‐Mo , Changchien Chi‐Sin , Hu Tsung‐Hui 
Published: May 2007

AbstractProliferating activity as mitotic count is generally accepted as a major prognostic indicator for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Hepatoma‐derived growth factor (HDGF) is a novel growth factor and elevated in several types of cancer. Our study was designed to elucidate the expression and prognostic role of HDGF in GISTs. A total 178 surgically resected CD117‐positive GISTs specimens were collected for immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against HDGF. The immunoreactivities were scored as labeling index (LI) and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters of GIST patients. The HDGF immunoreactivities were detected in both nucleus and cytoplasm of GISTs tissues. Besides, the nuclear and cytoplasmic HDGF was parallely upregulated in GISTs (p < 0.001). The nuclear HDGF LI were positively correlated with that of PCNA (p < 0.001) and Ki‐67 (p < 0.001), tumor mitosis (p < 0.001), tumor sizes (p = 0.007) and NIH risk categories (p < 0.001). In addition, the cytoplasmic HDGF LI were also positively correlated with that of PCNA (p = 0.031) and Ki‐67 (p = 0.038), tumor sizes (p = 0.003) and tumor mitosis (p = 0.015). Patients with higher HDGF levels had earlier tumor recurrence and unfavorable outcome (p < 0.05). In addition to standard prognostic factors (NIH risk categories), the nuclear HDGF LI is an independent prognostic factor for disease free and overall survivals of GIST patients after operation. We conclude that HDGF is a novel prognostic factor for GIST patients. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variation in breast cancer hormone receptor and HER2 levels by etiologic factors: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Sherman Mark E. , Rimm David L. , Yang Xiaohong R. , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Brinton Louise A. , Lissowska Jolanta , Peplonska Beata , Szeszenia‐Dąbrowska Neonila , Zatonski Witold , Cartun Richard , Mandich Daniza , Rymkiewicz Grzegorz , Ligaj Marcin , Lukaszek Stanisław , Kordek Radzislaw , Kalaylioglu Zynep , Harigopal Malini , Charrette Lori , Falk Roni T. , Richesson Douglas , Anderson William F. , Hewitt Stephen M. , García‐Closas Montserrat 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEvidence suggests that breast cancer hormone receptor status varies by etiologic factors, but studies have been inconsistent. In a population‐based case–control study in Poland that included 2,386 cases and 2,502 controls, we assessed ER‐α and PR status of tumors based on clinical records according to etiologic exposure data collected via interview. For 842 cancers, we evaluated ER‐α, ER‐β, PR and HER2 levels by semiquantitative microscopic scoring of immunostained tissue microarrays and a quantitative immunofluorescence method, automated quantitative analysis (AQUA™). We related marker levels in tumors to etiologic factors, using standard regression models and novel statistical methods, permitting adjustment for both correlated tumor features and exposures. Results obtained with different assays were generally consistent. Receptor levels varied most significantly with body mass index (BMI), a factor that was inversely related to risk among premenopausal women and directly related to risk among postmenopausal women with larger tumors. After adjustment for correlated markers, exposures and pathologic characteristics, PR and HER2 AQUA levels were inversely related to BMI among premenopausal women (p‐trend = 0.01, both comparisons), whereas among postmenopausal women, PR levels were associated directly with BMI (p‐trend = 0.002). Among postmenopausal women, analyses demonstrated that BMI was related to an interaction of PR and HER2: odds ratio (OR) = 0.86 (95% CI = 0.69–1.07) for low PR and HER2 expression vs. OR = 1.78 (95% CI = 1.25–2.55) for high expression (p‐heterogeneity = 0.001). PR and HER2 levels in breast cancer vary by BMI, suggesting a heterogeneous etiology for tumors related to these markers. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the Influence of Temporal Resolution in Mesh Bag Decomposition Studies
Authors: Mancinelli Giorgio , Sabetta Letizia , Sangiorgio Franca 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe dry mass of reed mesh bags was monitored daily for 40 days at two sites in an Italian lagoon. The original daily‐collected data set was manipulated by increasing inter‐sampling time intervals to assess the effect of varying the sampling lag on the detection of inter‐sites differences in decomposition patterns.At daily intervals, differences between sites were significant, although non‐random, short‐term mass fluctuations were observed. However, for linear interval increments, there were no between‐site differences for lags ≥7 days; in addition, for geometrical interval increments significant differences were never observed.Our study suggests that the temporal resolution chosen for a decomposition study may affect the detection of inter‐site differences, emphasizing a previously‐unexplored time dependency for leaf detritus decay patterns. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Integral evaluation in semiconductor device modelling using simulated annealing with Bose–Einstein statistics
Authors: Cole E.A.B. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFermi integrals arise in the mathematical and numerical modelling of microwave semiconductor devices. In particular, associated Fermi integrals involving two arguments arise in the modelling of HEMTs, in which quantum wells form at the material interfaces. The numerical evaluation of these associated integrals is time consuming. In this paper, these associated integrals are replaced by simpler functions which depend on a small number of optimal parameters. These parameters are found by optimizing a suitable cost function using a genetic algorithm with simulated annealing. A new method is introduced whereby the transition probabilities of the simulated annealing process are based on the Bose–Einstein distribution function, rather than on the more usual Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics or Tsallis statistics. Results are presented for the simulation of a four‐layer HEMT, and show the effect of the approximation for the associated Fermi integrals. A comparison is made of the convergence properties of the three different statistics used in the simulated annealing process. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman scattering from nanomaterials encapsulated into single wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kuzmany H. , Plank W. , Schaman Ch. , Pfeiffer R. , Hasi F. , Simon F. , Rotas G. , Pagona G. , Tagmatarchis N. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRaman scattering is used to study the filling of single wall carbon nanotubes with C60, C59N and anthracene. It is demonstrated how reversible opening and closing of the tubes can be used to check on the success of the filling process. In the case of C59N, filling was performed from the gas phase from 1:1 mixture between C60 and C59N. Comparing the Raman spectra from the encapsulated mixture with the spectra from C60 inside the tubes reveals that most of the molecules have reacted to form either the dimer (C59N)2 or the hetero‐dimer C60C59N. Anthracene is demonstrated to enter the tubes but the molecule is subjected to a considerable geometrical change including some loss of hydrogens. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Manipulation of fatty acid composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets with flaxseed oil
Authors: de Souza Nilson Evelázio , Matsushita Makoto , de Oliveira Cláudio Celestino , Franco Maria Regina Bueno , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most consumed species among freshwater fish reared in Brazil. However, studies show low levels of n‐3 fatty acids in freshwater fish reared in captivity in comparison with those reared in their natural habitats. The Nile tilapia used in this study were raised in captivity for a period of 5 months and fed varying amounts (0, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5%) of flaxseed oil as a substitute for sunflower oil (control). No significant differences (P > 0.05) in total lipid (TL) content were found between fillets of tilapia fed the different diets. TL analysis of fatty acid methyl esters by capillary gas chromatography revealed a total of 50 components common to all treatments studied. The major fatty acids present were linoleic acid (18:2n‐6), oleic acid (18:1n‐9) and palmitic acid (16:0). All treatments led to significant % increases in α‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐3), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3). Increases in both total n‐3 fatty acids and total polyunsaturated fatty acids were observed concomitantly with decreases in total n‐6 fatty acids, resulting in increases in n‐3/n‐6 ratio, with increasing level of flaxseed oil in the feed. Thus feed supplementation with flaxseed oil contributed greatly to raising the nutritional lipid value of Nile tilapia fillets. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Study on the effects of laminarin, a polysaccharide from seaweed, on gut characteristics
Authors: Devillé Christelle , Gharbi Myriam , Dandrifosse Guy , Peulen Olivier 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis study investigates whether laminarin (β1‐3,β1‐6‐glucan), a polysaccharide from seaweed, exhibits beneficial properties for human health by analysing its effects on intestinal parameters. Anaerobic batch culture fermenters were used for the screening of the in vitro utilization of laminarin by the human gut microflora through the monitoring of biochemical and microbiological parameters. Additionally, the influence of laminarin ingestion on the composition of intestinal mucus (neutral mucins, sialomucins and sulphomucins) was studied in rats. Laminarin was almost totally (more than 90% used) fermented after 24 h of incubation with human intestinal bacteria. It was not selectively used by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, but increased the production of propionate and butyrate. Variations of mucus composition were observed in jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon, both in lumen content and in intestinal wall, of rats after ingestion of this polysaccharide. Due to its effects on mucus composition, laminarin could influence the adherence and the translocation of bacteria across the epithelial wall. In conclusion, laminarin seems to be a modulator of the intestinal metabolism by its effects on mucus composition, intestinal pH and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, especially butyrate. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation and restoration of sandy soils under different agricultural land uses in northeast Thailand: a review
Authors: Vityakon P. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConversion of natural forest to agricultural land use has significantly lowered the soil organic matter (SOM) content in sandy soils of northeast Thailand. This paper reviews the findings of comparative studies on contents of SOM pools (labile, i.e. microbial biomass and particulate organic matter—POM and stable, i.e. humic substance) and related soil aggregate formation, in natural forest plots and cultivated fields (monocrops of cassava, sugarcane and rice) in sites representative of northeast Thailand from the viewpoints of terrain (i.e. undulating), soils (sandy) and land use and discusses the restoration of SOM and fertility (nitrogen) in these degraded soils. Monocultural agriculture brings about the degradation of all SOM pools and associated soil aggregation as compared to the forest system because of decreased organic inputs and more frequent soil disturbance. The build‐up of SOM was achieved through the continuous recycling of organic residues produced within the system. Low‐quality residues contributed the largest SOM build‐up in whole and fractionated SOM pools, including POM and humic substance. However, to restore N fertility, high quality residues, (i.e. with low C/N ratios, lignin and polyphenols) were also needed. Timing of N release to meet crop demand was achieved by employing a mixture of high and low quality residues. Selection of appropriate residues for N sources was affected by environmental factors, notably soil moisture regimes, which differed in upland field and lowland paddy subsystems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Global Existence of Solutions of SDE's with Singular Drift
Authors: Höhnle Rainer 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet b be a Borel measurable IRd ‐ valued function, defined on some Borel subset of IRd. Consider the d‐ dimensional SDEmagnified imagewith singular drift b. A local solution (up to σ) is a tuple (X, W, Q,σ) where X is a stochastic process, W is a Brownian motion under the probability measure Q, and σ is a strictly optional time (i.e., stopping time) such that the above equation is satisfied for all t < σ. Such a local solution was constructed by the author in an earlier paper under very mild conditions on b. In this paper we give criteria for the global existence of the solution, i. e., for Q(σ = ∞) = 1.
On the Non ‐ Existence of Perfect Codes with Rank Distance
Authors: Chen Kefei 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTheory of codes with rank distance was introduced in 1985, which can be applied to crisscross error correction and also used to build some cryptographical schemes. We know that the existence of perfect codes is an interesting topic in coding theory; as a new type of codes, we consider the existence of the perfect rank distance codes and prove that there are no non‐trivial perfect codes with rank metric.
Interpolation of Operators on Scales of Generalized Lorentz‐Zygmund Spaces
Authors: Evans W. D. , Opic B. , Pick L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe define generalized Lorentz‐Zygmund spaces and obtain interpolation theorems for quasilinear operators on such spaces, using weighted Hardy inequalities. In the limiting cases of interpolation, we discover certain scaling property of these spaces and use it to obtain fine interpolation theorems in which the source is a sum of spaces and the target is an intersection of spaces. This yields a considerable improvement of the known results which we demonstrate with examples. We prove sharpness of the interpolation theorems by showing that the constraints on parameters are necessary for the interpolation theorems.
Null Sequences in Coechelon Spaces
Authors: Dierolf Susanne , Domański Pawel 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe prove that for any Köthe matrices a and b if T : λ1(α) → λ0(b) maps bounded sets into relatively compact sets, then T factorizes through a Fréchet Montel space. This is a consequence of a given description of those compact subsets in a coechelon space k∞(v) of type oo which are contained in an absolutely convex hull of a null sequence. An example of a compact set which is not of that form is given.
Regarding Some Problems of the Kutta — Joukovskii Condition in Lifting Surface Theory
Authors: Hinder Rainer , Meister Erhard 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe are interested in finding the velocity distribution at the wings of an aeroplane. Within the scope of a three — dimensional linear theory we analyse a model which is formulated as a mixed screen boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation (Δ +k2)Φ = 0 in ℝ3\s where Φ denotes the perturbation velocity potential, induced by the presence of the wings and s:=LUW with the projection L of the wings onto the (x,y)‐ plane and the wake W.Not all Cauchy data are given explicitly on L, respectively W. These missing Cauchy data depend on the wing circulation Γ· Γ has to be fixed by the Kutta–Joukovskii condition: Λ Φ should be finite near the trailing edge xt of L. To fulfil this condition in a way that all appearing terms can be defined mathematically exactly and belong to spaces which are physically meaningful, we propose to fix Γ by the condition of vanishing stress intensity factors of Φ near xt up to a certain order such that ΛΦ|xt ϵW2ϵ(xt)⊂ L2(xt),ϵ>0.In the two–dimensional case, and if L is the left half–plane in ℝ2, we have an explicit formula to calculate Γ and we can control the regularity of Γ and Φ.
Nullstellenzahlen von Polynomfunktionen auf Restklassenringen
Authors: Mathiak Karl 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet ℤ/nℤ denote the ring of integers mod n. By a polynomial function f over ℤ/nℤ will be meant a mapping of ℤ/nℤ into itself which is induced by a polynomial f(x) ∈ ℤ[x]. We ask how many zeros of f are possible. The main result is a formula for the maximal number of zeros of non‐vanishing polynomial functions mod n.
Oscillation and Spectral Properties of a Class of Singular Self‐Adjoint Differential Operators
Authors: Došý Ondřej 
Published: May 2007

AbstractOscillation and spectral properties of the one‐term differential operator of the form magnified image are investigated. It is shown that certain recently established necessary conditions for discreteness a boundedness below of the spectrum of l are also sufficient for this property. Some related problems are also investigated.
Clarkson and Random Clarkson Inequalities for Lr(X)
Authors: Takahashi Yasuji , Kato Mikio 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe first show how (p,p′) Clarkson inequality for a Banach space X is inherited by Lebesgue‐Bochner spaces Lr(X), which extends Clarkson's procedure deriving his inequalities for Lp from their scalar versions. Fairly many previous and new results on Clarkson's inequalities, and also those on Rademacher type and cotype at the same time (by a recent result of the authors), are obtained as immediate consequences. Secondly we show that if the (p, p') Clarkson inequality holds in X, then random Clarkson inequalities hold in Lr(X) for any 1 ≤ r ≤ ∞; the converse is true if r = p'. As corollaries the original Clarkson and random Clarkson inequalities for Lp are both directly derived from the parallelogram law for scalars.
Iterative Solutions of Nonlinear Equations of the Strongly Accretive Type
Authors: Chidume C. E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet E be a real q‐uniformly smooth Banach space. Suppose T is a strongly pseudo‐contractive map with open domain D(T) in E. Suppose further that T has a fixed point in D(T). Under various continuity assumptions on T it is proved that each of the Mann iteration process or the Ishikawa iteration method converges strongly to the unique fixed point of T. Related results deal with iterative solutions of nonlinear operator equations involving strongly accretive maps. Explicit error estimates are also provided.
The Dirichlet, Neumann and Mixed Boundary Value Problems of the Theory of Elasticity in n‐Dimensional Domains with Boundaries Containing Closed Cuspidal Edges
Authors: Chkadua O. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Dirichlet, Neumann and mixed problems of statics of the theory of elasticity for anisotropic homogeneous media are studied in n‐dimensional (n ≧ 2) domains with boundaries containing closed cuspidal edges. Theorems of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of these problems in the Besov and Bessel potential spaces are obtained. Smoothness of solutions in a closed domain occupied by elastic medium is investigated.
On the Eigenvalue Accumulation of Sturm‐Liouville Problems Depending Nonlinearly on the Spectral Parameter
Authors: Mennicken R. , Schmi H. , Shkalikov A. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA nonlinear spectral problem for a Sturm‐Liouville equation‐(p(x, λ)y'(x, λ))' + q(x, λ) y(x, λ) = 0 on a finite interval [a, b] with λ‐dependent boundary conditions is considered. The spectral parameter λ is varying in an interval ∧ and p(x, λ), q(x, A) are real, continuous functions on [a, b] × ∧ Some criteria to the eigenvalue accumulation at the endpoints of A will be established. The results are applied to concrete problems arising in magnetohydrodynamics.
Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Evolution Equations and the Construction of Holomorphic Retractions
Authors: Khatskevich Victor , Reich Simeon , Shoikhet David 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe first study the asymptotic behavior of nonlinear semigroups with holomorphic generators, and then use our results, inter alia, to construct holomorphic retractions onto the fixed point sets of holomorphic self‐mappings of bounded convex domains in a complex Banach space.
Function Spaces with Exponential Weights I
Authors: Schott Thomas 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper we define weighted function spaces of type Bspq(u) and Fspq(u) on the Euclidean space IRn, where u is a weight function of at most exponential growth. In particular, u(x) = exp(±|χ|) is an admissible weight. We prove some basic properties of these spaces, such as completeness and density of the smooth functions.
Almost Sure Convergence in Extreme Value Theory
Authors: Cheng Shihong , Peng Liang , Qi Yongcheng 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet X1, …, Xn be independent random variables with common distribution function F. Define
equation image
and let G(x) be one of the extreme‐value distributions. Assume F ∈ D(G), i.e., there exist an> 0 and bn ∈ ℝ such that
equation image
.Let l(−∞,x)(·) denote the indicator function of the set (−∞,x) and S(G) =: {x : 0 < G(x) < 1}. Obviously, 1(−∞,x)((Mn−bn)/an) does not converge almost surely for any x ∈ S(G). But we shall prove
equation image
.
Splitting Patterns and Invariants of Quadratic Forms
Authors: Hoffmann Detlev W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet φ be an anisotropic quadratic form over a field F of characteristic not 2. The splitting pattern of φ is defined to be the increasing sequence of nonnegative integers obtained by considering the Witt indices iW(φk) of φ over K where K ranges over all field extensions of F. Restating earlier results by HURRELBRINK and REHMANN, we show how the index of the Clifford algebra of φ influences the splitting pattern. In the case where F is formally real, we investigate how the signatures of φ influence the splitting behaviour. This enables us to construct certain splitting patterns which have been known to exist, but now over much “simpler” fields like formally real global fields or ℝ(t). We also give a full classification of splitting patterns of forms of dimension less than or equal to 9 in terms of properties of the determinant and Clifford invariant. Partial results for splitting patterns in dimensions 10 and 11 are also provided. Finally, we consider two anisotropic forms φ and φ of the same dimension m with φ ⟂ − φ ∈ In F and give some bounds on m depending on n which assure that they have the same splitting pattern.
QSharp Matsusaka‐Type Theorems on Surfaces
Authors: Beltrametti M. C. , Sommese A. J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet L be an ample line bundle on a smooth surface S. We give sharp lower bounds for tL to be k‐jet ample based on the nefvalue of the pair (S,L). We also give sharp lower bounds for tL to be k‐spanned.
Boundedness and Dissipativity of Truncated Rotations on Uniform Planar Lattices
Authors: Diamond Phil , Kloeden Peter , Kozyakin Victor , Pokrovskii Alexei 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe finiteness of computer arithmetic can lead to some dramatic differences between the behaviour of a continuous dynamical system and a computer simulation. A thorough rigorous theoretical analysis of what may or what does happen is usually extremely difficult and to date little has been done even in relatively simple contexts. The comparative behaviour of a rotation mapping in the plane and on a uniform lattice in the plane is one such example. Simulations show that the rounding operator applied to a planar rotation mapping more or less preserves the qualitative behaviour of the original mapping, whereas the application of the truncation operator to a planar rotation can lead to quite different dynamical features. In this paper a theoretical justification of the properties of the planar rotation mappings under truncation to a, uniform integer lattice is provided, in particular properties of boundedness and dissipativity are investigated.