bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open-Label, Multicenter, Randomized, Phase III Study Comparing Oral Topotecan/Cisplatin Versus Etoposide/Cisplatin As Treatment for Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Eckardt John R. , von Pawel Joachim , Papai Zsolt , Tomova Antoaneta , Tzekova Valentina , Crofts Theresa E. , Brannon Sarah , Wissel Paul , Ross Graham 
Published: April 2006

Purpose This open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III study compared oral topotecan/intravenous cisplatin (TC) with intravenous (IV) etoposide/cisplatin (PE) in patients with untreated extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). Patients and Methods A total of 784 patients were randomly assigned to either oral topotecan 1.7 mg/m2/d × 5 with IV cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 5 (n = 389) or IV etoposide 100 mg/m2/d × 3 with IV cisplatin 80 mg/m2 on day 1 (n = 395) every 21 days. Results Overall survival (primary end point) was similar between groups (P = .48; median: TC, 39.3 weeks v PE, 40.3 weeks). One-year survival was 31% (95% CI, 27% to 36%) in both groups and the difference of −0.03 (95% CI, −6.53 to 6.47) met the predefined criteria of ≤ 10% absolute difference for noninferiority of TC relative to PE. Response rates were similar between groups (TC, 63% v PE, 69%). Time to progression was slightly but statistically longer with PE (log-rank P = .02; median: TC, 24.1 weeks v PE, 25.1 weeks). The regimens were similarly tolerable. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred more frequently with PE (84% v 59%), whereas grade 3/4 anemia and thrombocytopenia occurred more frequently with TC (38% v 21% and 38% v 23%, respectively). Lung Cancer Symptom Scale scores were statistically better with PE, but the differences were small and of debatable clinical significance. Conclusion Oral topotecan with cisplatin provides similar efficacy and tolerability to the standard (etoposide with cisplatin) in untreated ED-SCLC and may provide greater patient convenience compared with intravenous etoposide and cisplatin.
Prognosis After Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence and Locoregional Recurrences in Five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Node-Positive Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trials
Authors: Wapnir Irene L. , Anderson Stewart J. , Mamounas Eleftherios P. , Geyer Charles E. , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Tan-Chiu Elizabeth , Fisher Bernard , Wolmark Norman 
Published: April 2006

Purpose Locoregional failure after breast-conserving surgery is associated with increased risk of distant disease and death. The magnitude of this risk in patients receiving chemotherapy has not been adequately characterized. Patients and Methods Our study population included 2,669 women randomly assigned onto five National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project node-positive protocols (B-15, B-16, B-18, B-22, and B-25), who were treated with lumpectomy, whole-breast irradiation, and adjuvant systemic therapy. Cumulative incidences of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) and other locoregional recurrence (oLRR) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate distant–disease-free survival (DDFS) and overall survival (OS) after IBTR or oLRR. Cox models were used to model survival using clinical and pathologic factors jointly with IBTR or oLRR as time-varying predictors. Results Four hundred twenty-four patients (15.9%) experienced locoregional failure; 259 (9.7%) experienced IBTR, and 165 (6.2%) experienced oLRR. The 10-year cumulative incidence of IBTR and oLRR was 8.7% and 6.0%, respectively. Most locoregional failures occurred within 5 years (62.2% for IBTR and 80.6% for oLRR). Age, tumor size, and estrogen receptor status were significantly associated with IBTR. Nodal status and estrogen and progesterone receptor status were significantly associated with oLRR. The 5-year DDFS rates after IBTR and oLRR were 51.4% and 18.8%, respectively. The 5-year OS rates after IBTR and oLRR were 59.9% and 24.1%, respectively. Hazard ratios for mortality associated with IBTR and oLRR were 2.58 (95% CI, 2.11 to 3.15) and 5.85 (95% CI, 4.80 to 7.13), respectively. Conclusion Node-positive breast cancer patients who developed IBTR or oLRR had significantly poorer prognoses than patients who did not experience these events.
Simplification of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Using Partial Oxidation of Methane
Authors: Hibino Takashi , Iwahara Hiroyasu 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The solid oxide fuel cell, Ni–YSZ cermet |YSZ| Au, could supply the stable electric power in an uniform atmosphere, namely, a methane + air mixture. At operating temperature of 950 °C, the electromotive force (EMF) was 350 mV, and the terminal voltage was 159 mV at 14.7 mA cm−2 with 2.36 mW cm−2. The working mechanism of the fuel cell was based on the difference in catalytic activity for partial oxidation of methane between Ni–YSZ cermet and Au electrode materials.
Rate of Exchange of NH Hydrogen of Polyaniline, Poly(1-naphthylamine), and Diphenylamine with H2O Hydrogen on NMR Time Scale
Authors: Yamamoto Takakazu 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
NH hydrogen of polyaniline, poly(1-naphthylamine), and diphenylamine undergoes rapid exchange with H2O hydrogen in dimethyl sulfoxide on NMR time scale with life time of H2O hydrogen of about 0.04–0.30 s at 70 °C and activation energy of 13–35 kJ mol−1.
Photochemical Hole Burning of Tetraphenylporphine Glycosides
Authors: Suzuki Taro , Horie Kazuyuki , Yamashita Takashi , Bitoh Masami , Konishi Satoshi , Kishimoto Masanari 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Glycosilated tetraphenylporphine (TPP) were studied by photochemical hole burning (PHB) spectroscopy. A lactosylated TPP / poly(vinyl alcohol) shows excellent thermal stability against cyclic annealing, suggesting that the interaction between the lactosylated TPP and the matrix suppresses irreversible structural relaxation by forming hydrogen bonds.
N2-Binding Mononuclear Ruthenium(II) Tertiary Polyamine Complex by Direct Action of Gaseous Nitrogen in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Takahashi Toshikazu , Hiratani Kazuhisa , Kimura Eiichi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Tertiary polyamine ruthenium(III) complex trans-[RuCl2(L)]+ (L = 2,5,9,12-tetramethyl-2,5,9,12-tetraazatridecane) has been prepared which can react with Mg and an atmospheric N2 gas in aqueous solution at room temperature to yield the first N2-binding ruthenium(II) tertiary polyamine complex trans-[RuCl(L)(N2)]+ that is converted into trans-[Ru(OH)(L)(N2)]+ and trans-[Ru(L)(N2)(OH2)]2+.
[2,3]-Wittig Rearrangement of Crotyl Picolyl Ethers. Evaluation of the Electronic Effect as a Stereo-Directing Factor
Authors: Fujimoto Katsuhiko , Sakai Hirokazu , Nakai Takeshi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The title rearrangement is shown to exhibit syn diastereoselectivity independent of the crotyl geometry, the degree decreasing in the order: 2- &gt; 4- &gt;3-picolyl ether for the E series and in the opposite order for the Z series. These trends suggest that the electronic effect plays a profound but not sole factor in governing the orientational preference of the pyridyl group in the transition states.
Practical Synthesis of Oxazoles Incorporated in α-Dehydroamino Acid and Dehydropeptide Structures
Authors: Shin Chung-gi , Nakamura Yutaka , Okumura Kazuo 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The practical syntheses of a few oxazole α-dehydroamino acids and their dehydrodi- and tripeptides, which are important moieties and segments of berninamycin A, macrocyclic peptide antibiotic, were first accomplished.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)-(1-Organo-1-alkenyl)boronic Esters by the Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reaction of (Z)-(1-Iodo-1-alkenyl)boronic Esters with Organozinc Reagents
Authors: Moriya Tsukasa , Miyaura Norio , Suzuki Akira 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The cross-coupling reaction of organozinc reagents with a pinacol ester of (Z)-(1-iodo-1-hexenyl)boronic acid in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 proceeded with complete retention of the configuration of the starting boronate. The reaction provided (E)-(1-organo-1-hexenyl)boronic esters which were not available by the conventional hydroboration technique. The utility of the reaction was demonstrated by stereoselective synthesis of an exocyclic alkene via the cross-coupling reaction with chloroenone.
A New and Convenient Wittig-type Reaction for the Preparation of Pyrromethenone Derivative
Authors: Kinoshita Hideki , Ngwe Hla , Kobori Kazuhiro , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The reaction of 5-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-3,4-disubstituted Δ3-pyrrolin-2-one with aldehydes in the presence of tributylphosphine and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.3.0]undec-7-ene gave the corresponding 5-exomethylene compounds in good yields. A pyrromethenone derivative as a potential equivalent to C/D ring component of phytochromobilin dimethyl ester was effectively prepared by means of the present method.
Oxidative Decomposition of Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC-115) in the Presence of Butane over γ-Alumina Catalysts
Authors: Nagata Hideo , Takakura Taijiro , Kishida Masahiro , Mizuno Koichi , Tamori Yukio , Wakabayashi Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The catalytic oxidative decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) was carried out in the presence of butane. The reactivity of CFC’s was the following order: CFC-113 &gt; CFC-114 &gt; CFC-115. The reactivity decreased as the content of fluorine in the CFC’s increased. γ-Alumina was an effective catalyst among silica and various acidic oxides. Vanadium(V) oxide and tungsten(VI) oxide were found to exhibit a higher activity than the other metals and metal oxides when supported on γ-alumma.
Preparation and Reactions of 1,2-Thiaphospholes
Authors: Motoki Shinichi , Sakai Takaya , Shinoda Ikuo , Saito Takao , Uchida Tokiko 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Treatment of 2,9-dithia-1-phosphabicyclo[4.3.0]-nona-3,7-diene 1-sulfides with n-Bu3P afforded 1,2-thiaphospholes in good yields. The thiaphospholes reacted thermally with norbornene to produce 1 : 2 double Diels-Alder cycloadducts, whereas they reacted with acrylic esters in the presence of Lewis acid to give tandem Diels-Alder/β-addition adducts.
An Efficient Method for the Syntheses of Novel Amphiphilic Polysaccharides by Regio- and Thermoselective Modifications of Chitosan
Authors: Nishimura Shin-Ichiro , Miura Yoshiaki , Ren Longdi , Sato Manabu , Yamagishi Akihiko , Nishi Norio , Tokura Seiichi , Kurita Keisuke , Ishii Shigeru 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The first example of an unique and efficient method for the preparation of amphiphilic polysaccharides having self-assembling nature is described. Regio- and thermospecific chemical manipulations of a standardized intermediate derived from chitosan markedly facilitated the synthetic procedures of novel types of polysaccharide architectures. Artificial glycolipid-type polymers showed excellent properties to form stable monolayer membranes at air/water interface.
Electron Transfer Oxygenation of Oxadisiliranes
Authors: Ando Wataru , Kako Masahiro , Akasaka Takeshi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Electron-transfer photooxygenation of oxadisiliranes afforded the corresponding 1,2,4,3,5-trioxadisilolanes as dioxygen insertion products in reasonable yields. Stereochemical aspects of the oxygenation suggested formation of a peroxidic open intermediate.
High-Pressure Diels-Alder Reaction between Buckminsterfullerene and Tropone
Authors: Takeshita Hitoshi , Liu Jifeng , Kato Nobuo , Mori Akira 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Heating buckminsterfullerene and tropone in toluene under high-pressure conditions (300 MPa) gave a stable [4+2] monoadduct in 55% yield. It was cycloreversed upon heating around 140 °C. Its 13C-NMR spectrum revealed 62 lines of signals.
Oxidation of Benzylic Derivatives with Dioxygen Catalyzed by Mixed Addenda Metallophosphate Containing Vanadium and Molybdenum
Authors: Nakayama Kouichi , Hamamoto Masatoshi , Nishiyama Yutaka , Ishii Yasutaka 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Mixed addenda heteropolyoxometalate, NPV6Mo6, was found to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of a variety of benzylic amines to the corresponding Schiff-base imines with molecular oxygen in toluene solution. Under the same reaction conditions, isochroman and indan were respectively oxidized to 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin and 1-indanone with high selectivity.
Preparation and Crystal Structure of a Parent 1-Arylbenzo[b]thiophenium Triflate and Its Derivatives
Authors: Kitamura Tsugio , Yamane Masakatsu , Furuki Ryuji , Taniguchi Hiroshi , Shiro Motoo 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
A parent 1-phenylbenzo[b]thiophenium triflate is prepared by reaction of benzo[b]thiophene and diphenyliodonium triflate and the single crystal X-ray analysis shows a pyramidal structure about sulfur and a short phenyl-sulfur bond. The less-substituted 1-phenylbenzo[b]thiophenium triflates are prepared successfully by this method.
Photochromism of Peroxopolytungstic Acid Thin Films, and Its Application to Area-Selective Chemical Plating
Authors: Itoh Kiminori , Okamoto Toru , Wakita Shuhei , Murabayashi Masayuki 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Spin-coated thin films of peroxopolytungstic acid (PTA) showed pronounced photochromism under deep UV irradiation only when the films contained reducing reagents such as alcohols and glucose. Rapid decoloration took place in aqueous solutions of metal salts resulting deposition of each metal. A new area-selective chemical plating process was constructed using this photochromic reaction.
Reactivity of Alkoxy-bridged Bis(silylene)iron Complexes
Authors: Ueno Keiji , Tobita Hiromi , Seki Seiji , Ogino Hiroshi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Alkoxy-bridged bis(silylene)iron complexes Cp*Fe(CO){SiMe2···O(Me)···SiMe2} (Cp* = Cp, Cp′; Cp = η-C5H5; Cp′ = η-C5Me5) are unreactive toward PhC≡CPh, Et2MeSiH, and H2C=C(Me)C(Me)=CH2. With methanol, however, addition occurs across the Fe=Si double bond to give, hydridobis(methoxysilyl)iron complexes Cp*(OC)FeH(SiMe2OMe)2 quantitatively.
A pH-dependent Exchange of Na+ and Ca2+ in a Liquid Membrane System
Authors: Nakatsuji Yohji , Morita Hirokazu , Masuyama Araki , Kida Toshiyuki 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
A pH-dependent exchange of Na+ and Ca2+ against each concentration gradient through a bulk liquid membrane was first attained using 15-crown-5 ether dicarboxylic acid derivatives bearing donating ether oxygen atoms on the side arm as the carrier. The structure of the carriers was found to play an important role in realizing the double uphill transport.
Triethylborane Induced Intramolecular Hydrogermylation of Homoallylic Alcohols and Homopropargylic Alcohols
Authors: Taniguchi Masahiko , Oshima Koichiro , Utimoto Kiitiro 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Whereas platinum-catalyzed hydrogermylation of 3-hexenoxydipropylgermane provided five-membered ring product (5-propyl-1-germa-2-oxacyclopentane) as a main product, triethylborane induced radical cyclization gave six-membered ring product (6-ethyl-1-germa-2-oxacyclohexane) selectively.
Chemical and Electrochemical Preparation of Poly(quinoline-2,6-diyl), Poly(quinoxaline-2,6-diyl), and Poly(1,5-naphthyridine-2,6-diyl) by Using Nickel Complexes. Importance of the 2,6-Bonding for Linear Structure, Highly Extended π-Conjugation, and Strong Electron-accepting Properties
Authors: Saito Nobuo , Kanbara Takaki , Kushida Takashi , Kubota Kenji , Yamamoto Takakazu 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Chemical and electrochemical dehalogenation polycondensations of 2,6-dichloroquinoline, 2,6-dibromoquinoxaline, and 2,6-dichloro-1,5-naphthyridine using nickel complexes afford poly(quinoline-2,6-diyl), poly(quinoxaline-2,6-diyl) and poly(1,5-naphthyridine-2,6-diyl), respectively. These polymers take linear structures, and have more extensively delocalized π-conjugation system as well as higher electron-accepting properties than their isomeric poly(quinoline-5,8-diyl) and poly(quinoxaline-5,8-diyl) as revealed by their λmax positions and reducing potentials.
Synthesis of 2-Aminomethyloxiranes
Authors: Karikomi Michinori , Yamazaki Tohru , Toda Takashi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Several 2-aminomethyloxiranes (2) have been synthesized in good yields by the reaction of 2-(1-bromoalkyl)oxiranes (1) with primary or secondary amines. cis-2-Aminomethyloxiranes (2) were obtained from syn-(2-bromomethyl)oxiranes (1) with amines and KOH, and trans-2-aminomethyloxiranes (2) were obtained from anti-(2-bromomethyl)oxiranes (1) with amines, respectively, with stereospecific manner.
Photocleavage of C-C Single Bond of 1,2-Bis(4-acetylphenyl)ethane Derivatives
Authors: Ichinose Nobuyuki , Mizuno Kazuhiko , Otsuji Yoshio 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
1,2-Bis(4-acetylphenyl)ethanes undergo a novel meso-dl photoisomerization via the C1-C2 σ bond cleavage from their excited triplets. Comparison between acyclic and cyclic derivatives suggests that the energy barrier for the conformational change leading to the transition state with maximum σ-π orbital interaction, as well as the molecular strain estimated by MM2 calculations, plays an important role in determining the photochemical reactivity of the compounds.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Investigation of Dynamic-Static Jahn-Teller Effect in Cu(II) Doped Ba(5-amino-3,4-dimethylisoxazole)6(SCN)2
Authors: Ishihara Hideta , Krishnan V G 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) studies have been carried out on Cu(II) doped hexakis(5-amino-3,4-dimethylisoxazole)Ba(SCN)2 in the temperature range 300 &gt; T/K &gt; 90. Spectra are characteristic of cupric ion substituting Ba(II) ion with Oh point symmetry at room temperature and subsequently distorting to a lower symmetry at 90 K. This observation is made for the first time of Cu(II) ion substituting Ba(II) ion sites.
One-Photon Ionization of Liquid Water upon 193 nm Laser Irradiation
Authors: Iwata Akyhiro , Nakashima Nobuaki , Izawa Yasukazu , Yamanaka Chiyoe 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Water was photoionized through a one-photon process upon 193 nm laser irradiation. The quantum yield of photoionization was a few percent. Multiphoton ionization was not observed in this work, up to the laser fluence of 1.6 J/cm2.
Molecular Structure of a Novel Antitumor Antibiotic Leinamycin
Authors: Hirayama Noriaki , Matsuzawa Etsuyo Shimizu 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The structure of a novel antitumor antibiotic leinamycin isolated from Streptomyces sp. was determined unequivocally by X-ray analysis. The molecule has a unique 1,3-dioxo-1,2-dithiolane moiety being connected to an 18-membered lactam ring through a spiro carbon.
Preparations and Sulfurization Reactions of (2,4-Di-t-butyl-6-methoxyphenyl)phosphine and 1-(2,4-Di-t-butyl-6-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)diphosphene
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki , An De-Lie , Toyota Kozo , Yasunami Masafumi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
A phosphonous dichloride carrying 2,4-di-t-butyl-6-methoxyphenyl as a novel sterically protecting group was prepared and converted to an unsymmetrical diphosphene, which reacted with sulfur to give the corresponding diphosphene sulfide and thiadiphosphirane. The phosphonous dichloride was reduced to the corresponding primary phosphine, which was sulfurized to a dithioxophosphorane. The dithioxophosphorane reacted with benzophenone to give thiobenzophenone.
Ethylenedioxy Substituted 2,5-Bis(1′,3′-dithiol-2′-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalenes and Their Conducting Salts
Authors: Misaki Yohji , Nishikawa Hiroyuki , Kawakami Kazuya , Yamabe Tokio , Mori Takehiko , Inokuchi Hiroo , Mori Hatsumi , Tanaka Shoji 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The title compounds were prepared and their electrochemical properties were investigated. Several cation radical salts composed of them showed metallic conductive behavior down to 0.6 K. The X-ray crystal structure of AsF6 salt of ethylenedithio derivative, (EOET-TTP)3AsF6, revealed that the donors have “κ-type” arrangement in the conducting sheet.
Reactivity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Various Tetradentate Tripodal Ligands with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Uozumi Kounosuke , Hayashi Yoshihito , Suzuki Masatatsu , Uehara Akira 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
Reactivity of copper(I) complexes [Cu(L)]+ containing a series of tetradentate tripodal ligands, (6-methyl-2-pyridylmethyl)m(2-pyridylmethyl)(3−m)amine (m = 1, 2, or 3) with molecular oxygen was investigated in acetone at −70 °C. It was found that the introduction of 6-methyl group(s) into pyridyl group(s) has significant influences on the stereochemistry and thermal stability of peroxo dicopper(II) complexes.
Rearrangement of 1-Alkynylcyclopropanol to 3-Substituted 2-Cyclopentenone Promoted by a Catalytic Amount of Octacarbonyldicobalt-Triphenylphosphite
Authors: Iwasawa Nobuharu , Matsuo Takeshi 
Published: April 2006

Abstract
The rearrangement of 1-(1-alkynyl)cyclopropanols is catalyzed efficiently by the combined use of octacarbonyldicobalt and triphenylphosphite to give 3-substituted 2-cyclopentenones in high yields.
Impact of Partial Manufacturing Flexibility on Production Variability
Authors: Muriel Ana , Somasundaram Anand , Zhang Yongmei 
Published: April 2006

As manufacturers in various industries evolve toward predominantly make-to-order production to better serve their customers’ needs, increasing product mix flexibility emerges as a necessary strategy to provide adequate market responsiveness. However, the implications of increased flexibility on overall system performance are widely unknown. We develop analytical models and an optimization-based simulation tool to study the impact of increasing flexibility on shortages, production variability, component inventories, and order variability induced at upstream suppliers in general multiplant multiproduct make-to-order manufacturing systems. Our results show that Partial flexibility leads to a considerable increase in production variability, and consequently in higher component inventory levels and upstream order variability. Although a modest increase in flexibility yields most of the sales benefits, production variability is reduced as more flexibility is added to the system. Consequently, investments in additional flexibility may be justified when component inventories are expensive, or simply by the benefits associated with the smoother production. The performance of flexible systems is highly dependent on the capacity allocation policies implemented. Policies that evenly distribute product demands to the available plants lead to consistently better performance because they avoid the misplacement of inventories by replicating the performance of a single-plant system. These insights and the simulation tool can be used by practitioners to guide the design of their flexible production systems, trading off the initial capital outlay versus the sales benefits and the expected operational costs.