bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 2 PADANG BOLAK
Authors: Primadona Dewi 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui ada tidaknya peningkatan hasil belajar fisika peserta didik kelas XI SMA dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran PjBL 2) mengetahui besar peningkatan hasil belajar fisika peserta didik kelas XI SMA dengan model pembelajaran PjBL (3) mengetahui langkah-langkah pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran PjBL sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus masing-masing dalam 4 tahap, yaitu: tahap Perencanaan (Planning), Pelaksanaan Tindakan (Action), Pengamatan (Observation), dan Refleksi (Reflection). Instrumen penelitian divalidasi oleh ahli dan guru fisika. Soal diujikan ke kelas XI MIA di SMA Negeri 2 Padang Bolak untuk diambil data penelitiannya. Data dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah 1) penerapan model pembelajaran PjBL pada materi pokok elastisitas dan hukum hooke dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika dan keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Padang Bolak 2) besar peningkatan hasil belajar fisika rata-rata sebelum tidakan sebesar 54,3; Siklus I nilai gain-test yang didapatkan sebesar 0,33 dengan kategori sedang Pada siklus II nilai gain-test yang didapatkan sebesar 0,65 dengan kategori sedang. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II 3) langkah-langkah model pembelajaran PjBL yang terdiri dari: pertanyaan essensial, perencanaan, menyusun jadwal, pengawasan, penilaian, dan evaluasi.
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) BERBANTUAN ALAT PERAGA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR
Authors: Hakim Arif Rahman , Asmaidah Seri , Siregar Dedes Asriani , Nasution Febriani Hastini 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbantuan alat peraga terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor di kelas X IPA MAS T.A 2021/2022. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode quasi experimental dengan desain two group pretes-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian seluruh siswa kelas X terdiri 2 kelas dengan jumlah 63 siswa. Instrumen penelitian tes dan angket, teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu teknik total sampling, sehingga sampel dalam penelitian ini kelas X IPA1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas X IPA2 sebagai kelas eksperimen terhadap penggunaan model Problem Baesd Learning berbantuan alat peraga. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh: (1) Hasil dari angket respon siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata 84,54 dengan kategori Sangat Baik (A), (2) Hasil belajar siswa kelas kontrol di peroleh nilai pre-test sebesar 34,35 dengan kategori Kurang Baik (D) dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 36,13 dengan kategori Kurang Baik (D+). Sedangkan post-test diperoleh nilai rata-rata di kelas kontrol sebesar 61,12 dengan kategori Baik (B-) dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 76,13 dengan kategori Baik (B+). Hasil rata-rata afektif siswak kelas kontrol sebesar 77,75 dengan kategori Baik (B+) dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 80,87 dengan kategori Baik (B+). Nilai rata-rata psikomotorik kelas kontrol sebesar 71,37 dengan kategori Baik (B) dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 75,99 dengan kategori Baik (B), (3) Berdasarkan analisis data dengan uji independent sample test nilai signifikan (2-tailed) adalah sebesar 0,00 dimana nilai signifikan 0,00<0,05. Sehingga dismpulkan bahwa “terdapat pengaruh model Problem Based Learning berbantuan alat peraga terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor di kelas X IPA”.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA MATERI POKOK BESARAN DAN SATUAN SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Siregar Dedes Asriani 
Published: March 2024

The aims of this research is to know whether there is a significant effect between learning model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) to the result of physics in quantity and unit at the class ten students of SMA Negeri 2 Padangsidimpuan. The population is 323 students and sample was taken through cluster sampling, so the sample is 78 students. The data is collected by using questionnaire and test. Then the result of the research is processed in two stages. The first stage by using descriptive analysis, the second stage by using a statistical test correlation “r” product moment and two know whether there is an effect or not is used ttest formula.The result of the analyzed obtained by an average of 2,87 on X varible with the category “good” and Y variable obtained 75,06 with the category is “good”. The score of tcount is bigger then ttable (5,453 > 1,667). It can be concluded that the alternative hypothesis formulated in this research can be accepted the truth.
Preliminary exploration of animal models of congenital choledochal cysts
Authors: Zhang Shu-Hao , Zhang Yue-Bin , Cai Duo-Te , Pan Tao , Chen Ken , Jin Yi , Luo Wen-Juan , Huang Zong-Wei , Chen Qing-Jiang , Gao Zhi-Gang 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Various animal models have been used to explore the pathogenesis of choledochal cysts (CCs), but with little convincing results. Current surgical techniques can achieve satisfactory outcomes for treatment of CCs. Consequently, recent studies have focused more on clinical issues rather than basic research. Therefore, we need appropriate animal models to further basic research.
AIM
To establish an appropriate animal model that may contribute to the investigation of the pathogenesis of CCs.
METHODS
Eighty-four specific pathogen-free female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to a surgical group, sham surgical group, or control group. A rat model of CC was established by partial ligation of the bile duct. The reliability of the model was confirmed by measurements of serum biochemical indices, morphology of common bile ducts of the rats as well as molecular biology experiments in rat and human tissues.
RESULTS
Dilation classified as mild (diameter, ≥ 1 mm to < 3 mm), moderate (≥ 3 mm to < 10 mm), and severe (≥ 10 mm) was observed in 17, 17, and 2 rats in the surgical group, respectively, while no dilation was observed in the control and sham surgical groups. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and total bile acids were significantly elevated in the surgical group as compared to the control group 7 d after surgery, while direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyltransferase were further increased 14 d after surgery. Most of the biochemical indices gradually decreased to normal ranges 28 d after surgery. The protein expression trend of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in rat model was consistent with the human CC tissues.
CONCLUSION
The model of partial ligation of the bile duct of juvenile rats could morphologically simulate the cystic or fusiform CC, which may contribute to investigating the pathogenesis of CC.
Creating and Evaluating Herbal Anti-Ageing Cream Contains Pomegranate Seed Oil
Authors: Tiwari Ankita , Ramteke Suman , Shukla Neha 
Published: March 2024

	Introduction:
The skin is the most important exposed a part of the body, is crucial in establishing social bonds and defending against environmental harm. In the present scenario to look attractive is a primary concern for the growing population in order to maintain social integrity and well being. However cell death is a natural process but due to highly stressful environmental conditions now a day’s skin aging is a primary concern for dermatologists. In the present research work we aim to develop a novel anti-ageing cream for the prevention and treatment of unnatural skin ageing by utilizing pomegranate seed oil.

	Method:
The pomegranate seed oil was purchased from Amarnath export Bangalore Karnataka. The preparation of anti-aging cream was accomplished through conventional method by taking pomegranate seed oil as an oily phase and stearic acid as an emulsifying agent. The formulation was optimized by varying the concentration of aqueous and oily phase.

	Result and Discussion:
The pH of the developed cream was found to be 7.2 ± 1.2 and viscosity was found to be 5639±2.51cps. Furthermore the spreadibility of the developed cream was found to be 26.6 ±0.2 gm*cm/sec. The developed formulation showed no skin irritation or erythema and also it was easily washable from skin. The stability study of the formulation was studied for 3 month at room temperature (25oC) which suggests high stability as no indication of cracking, phase separation or any other visual change was observed. Furthermore the developed formulation was analyzed through in vivo animal model(Albino wistar rat) which suggest high biocompatibility and potential in the management of skin ageing.

	Conclusion:
In conclusion we have developed a novel pomegranate seed oil based anti-aging cream for the prevention and treatment of unnatural skin ageing caused by the vulnerable environmental conditions. The developed formulation was analyzed through extensive in vitro and in vivo characterization which proves the potential of the developed cream in the management of unnatural skin ageing.
Electroretinogram as a Screening Tool to Assess Vigabatrin-Induced Retinal Toxicity in Children With Infantile Spasms
Authors: Nagarajan Suruthi , Prabu Rajesh , Parachuri Nikulaa , Thulasidas Mithun 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
To assess the utility of electroretinogram (ERG) as a screening tool for vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity in children with infantile spasms.

Methods:
This was an observational cohort study including children with infantile spasms receiving treatment with vigabatrin. A 30-Hz flicker potential ERG, using the RETeval system (LKC Technologies), was done at baseline before starting vigabatrin at 6 months and 1 year. The amplitudes were recorded.

Results:

Eleven children were included in the study. The most common etiologic factor for infantile spasms was tuberous sclerosis (36.4%) followed by West syndrome (27.3%). The mean age of the children was 7.14 ± 2.9 months, with a range of 3 to 16 months. The mean difference in amplitude was 3.21 ± 2.45 and 5.72 ± 4.18 µV at 6 and 12 months follow-up, respectively (
P
< .001). Eight of the 11 children (72.7%) showed vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity, and all 8 children were receiving vigabatrin for more than 6 months.

Conclusions:
ERG can be used for vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity monitoring in children with infantile spasms. Vigabatrin-induced retinal toxicity is related to the duration of treatment rather than cumulative dosage.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(4):273–278.]
"Vidding: A history" by Francesca Coppa
Authors: Svegaard Sebastian F. K. 
Published: March 2024

Francesca Coppa, Vidding: A History. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2022, paperback $29.95 (257 pp) ISBN 978-0-472-03852-7; ePub/pdf/online free (257 pp) ISBN 978-0-472-90259-0.
Analyzing an archive of allyish distributed mentorship in "Speak" fan fiction comments and reviews
Authors: Moore Amber 
Published: March 2024

Young adult sexual assault narrative Speak (1999), by Laurie Halse Anderson, has inspired a small yet significant fandom, especially across two key platforms: Archive of Our Own (AO3) and FanFiction.net (FFN). The responses to fan fiction inspired by Speak demonstrate compelling discourses—celebratory, critical, vulnerable, and pedagogic—that also show evidence of significant allyish distributed mentorship in the Speak fandom archive. These comments and reviews demonstrate how digital spaces can be generative sites for feminist consciousness building around the topic of sexual trauma and rape culture, precisely because Speak fans produce, rewrite, and connect testimonies, both real and fictive.
Impact of frailty on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes in nonagenarians: A United States national experience
Authors: Basida Sanket Dhirubhai , Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Yousaf Muhammad Nadeem , Basida Brinda , Pinnam Bhanu Siva Mohan , Gangwani Manesh Kumar , Ali Hassam , Singh Sahib , Shah Yash R , Ahluwalia Daksh , Shah Mihir Prakash , Chandan Saurabh , Sharma Neil R , Thakkar Shyam 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an essential therapeutic tool for biliary and pancreatic diseases. Frail and elderly patients, especially those aged ≥ 90 years are generally considered a higher-risk population for ERCP-related complications.
AIM
To investigate outcomes of ERCP in the Non-agenarian population (≥ 90 years) concerning Frailty.
METHODS
This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readmission Database. Patients aged ≥ 90 were identified who underwent ERCP, using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical modification. Johns Hopkins’s adjusted clinical groups frailty indicator was used to classify patients as frail and non-frail. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were morbidity and the 30 d readmission rate related to ERCP. We used univariate and multivariate regression models for analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 9448 patients were admitted for any indications of ERCP. Frail and non-frail patients were 3445 (36.46%) and 6003 (63.53%) respectively. Indications for ERCP were Choledocholithiasis (74.84%), Biliary pancreatitis (9.19%), Pancreatico-biliary cancer (7.6%), Biliary stricture (4.84%), and Cholangitis (1.51%). Mortality rates were higher in frail group [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.68, P = 0.02]. The Intra-procedural complications were insignificant between the two groups which included bleeding (aOR = 0.72, P = 0.67), accidental punctures/lacerations (aOR = 0.77, P = 0.5), and mechanical ventilation rates (aOR = 1.19, P = 0.6). Post-ERCP complication rate was similar for bleeding (aOR = 0.72, P = 0.41) and post-ERCP pancreatitis (aOR = 1.4, P = 0.44). Frail patients had a longer length of stay (6.7 d vs 5.5 d) and higher mean total charges of hospitalization ($78807 vs $71392) compared to controls (P < 0.001). The 30 d all-cause readmission rates between frail and non-frail patients were similar (P = 0.96).
CONCLUSION
There was a significantly higher mortality risk and healthcare burden amongst nonagenarian frail patients undergoing ERCP compared to non-frail. Larger studies are warranted to investigate and mitigate modifiable risk factors.
Wax screen-based fabrication of paper devices for the determination of iron in particulates of selected welding fumes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Wendimu Gizachew , Hussen Ahmed , Mohan B. Raj 
Published: March 2024

In this study a paper-based analytical device was developed using screen printing technique for the determination of particulate iron from welding fumes. The operational parameters such as volume and concentration of 1,10-phenanthroline, volume and concentration of hydroxylamine were optimized by the Box Behnken Design (BBD) using Minitab. Additionally, the µ-PAD's sample solution holding capacity and reaction time were also optimized. Under the optimized condition, particulate metal concentrations were colorimetrically quantified usinga handheld mobile phone and image processing software, ImageJ. Very good analytical performance such as good linearity of the calibration curve and better selectivity was observed by the developed method. The limit of detection for Fe3+ assay was 4.6 mg/L; which is adequate to determine the threshold concentration limit of particulate iron set by the regulatory bodies (6 mg/L). The µ-PAD revealed 95-99% recovery compared with the UV-Vis spectrophotometry (98-100%). Furthermore, welding fume samples were collected in Addis Ababa over five days, using mixed cellulose ester filters and the findings show a high concentration that exceeds the standard levels. Analyzing particulate iron with µ-PADs yielded results consistent with UV-Vis spectrophotometry, suggesting µ-PADs' potential application for occupational particulate iron exposure measurement, eliminating the need for expensive analytical devices.
KEY WORDS: µ-PADs, Particulate iron, Response surface methodology, Wax screen-printing, Welding fume, Colorimetric detection
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 563-576.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.2
Corrosion and inhibition studies on AISI 316 with AISI 410 fiber laser welded joints
Authors: Rengarajan Sathish , Sathish Kumar A. , Ashok Kumar R. 
Published: March 2024

In this investigation, the corrosion study was conducted on fiber laser welded joints of AISI 410 and 316L stainless steel plates using hydrochloric acid, basic, and salt medium, behavior in three different pH. The effects of three different corrosive atmospheres were examined using the weight loss method. The test sample which was exposed to 1 N hydrochloric acid medium for 48 Hours resulted in 0.006 g of weight loss. The maximum amount of corrosion was found in the acidic medium whereas the least was observed in the salt medium. The effectiveness of three distinct derivatives of 1H-indole-2,3-dione, each replaced with hydroxyl groups in various positions, in inhibiting corrosion. Among the three derivatives examined, it was observed that those with ortho and para hydroxyl group substitutions exhibited superior inhibitory properties.
KEY WORDS: Fiber laser welding, Traverse speed, Corrosion study, Isatin Schiff base, Inhibitors
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 811-823.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.20
A spectrophotometric determination and the quantum chemical investigation of Pd(II)-3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran complex
Authors: Agnihotri Nivedita , Mohini  , I. Al-Resayes Saud , Javed Saleem , Azam Mohammad , Saurav Kumar , Muthu S. , Kumar Vikas , Singh Manoj 
Published: March 2024

An analytical approach has been instigated for spectrophotometric inquisition of trace amounts of palladium in its bivalent oxidation state employing a novel 1-benzopyran derivative viz. A 1:2 [Pd(II):HMPB] light yellow complex is formed by a spontaneous interaction between Pd(II) and HMPB. The complex is quantitatively extracted from a weakly basic medium into dichloromethane absorbing prevalently and consistently at 405-425 nm. The method coheres to linearity up to 1.5 µg mL-1 of palladium(II). Analytical parameters such as the molar absorption coefficient (ε=3.011 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1), Sandell's sensitivity [0.0035 µg Pd(II) cm-2], % RSD (0.62%) and the limit of detection [0.0147 µg Pd(II) mL-1] indicate that the study satisfies all the criteria for good sensitivity, precision and accuracy. In addition, intervention with regard to numerous anions/complexing agents and cations of primary analytical importance has been performed to assess the method's flexibility and usefulness. The results show that the majority of them do not cause any interference during determination. To better understand chemistry of the prepared complex, spectroscopic quantum chemical studies including DFT and MEP mapping based on examination of the electronic characteristics of the complex in its most stable least energy conformation are used.
KEY WORDS: Palladium, 3-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran, Extractive spectrophotometric determination, DFT, MEP, Docking
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 591-603.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.4
Synthesis, characterisation, and anticancer and antioxidant activities of novel complexes of palladium and an organic Schiff-base ligand
Authors: H. Khalil Muhammad , O. Abdullah Fuad 
Published: March 2024

Treatment of the Schiff base 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole (SabtH) with palladium chloride afforded the neutral 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole palladium(II) complex. This was then treated with one molar equivalent of either ethylenediamine or 1,10-phenanthroline, yielding the neutral mixed ligand complexes 1 and 2, respectively. The prepared organic ligand and its mixed ligand complexes were characterised via UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The antiproliferative activities of 1 and 2 were tested against MCF-7 (breast) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cells using an MTT assay. 1 showed strong antiproliferative activity against both MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells, with IC50 values of 74.6 ± 8.35 and 174 ± 20.28 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, 2 exhibited the maximum antioxidant activity, with an EC50 value of 1029 ± 196.76 µg/mL.
KEY WORDS: 2-N-(Salicylidene) benzothiazole, 1,10-Phenanthroline, Palladium mixed ligand complexes, Anticancer, Antioxidant activity
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 605-613.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.5
Boosted antibacterial efficacy: Di and triorganotin complexes via 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]benzoic acid
Authors: S. Al-Shemary Rana , Jasem Hadeer , G. Hadi Angham , J. Baqir Sadiq 
Published: March 2024

Using appropriate organotin chloride salts and a ligand called 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl) amino] benzoic acid (DMPAB), a condensation procedure produced novel complexes such as triphenyltin, dimethyl, diphenyl, and dibutyl-tin. For difficult identification, a variety of analytical methods were used, including elemental analysis, carbon and proton magnetic resonance, and infrared spectra. The agar ditch method was used to assess the antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. When compared to the molecule generated from the ligand, the complexes showed more inhibitory action. Among the complexes tested, the dimethyltin carboxylate complex showed the strongest antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
KEY WORDS: Complexes, Antibacterial properties, Condensation process, Agar Ditch, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 647-655.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.8
Profile of Interferon-gamma levels in patients infected with <i>mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus in Yaoundé
Authors: Berinyuy Tata Gloria , Fopa Diderot , Sosthene Fabo Yatchou , Laetitia Matcha Fotso , Rita Mme. Kamdjeu , Essomba RenÃ© 
Published: March 2024

Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem globally with HIV/AIDS being the main predisposing factor to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. Interferon Gamma (IFN- ) is one of the most important cytokines in the host immune response against this mycobacterium. This study aimed to determine the profile of IFN- levels in patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and co- infected with HIV in Yaoundé. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Yaoundé Jamot Hospital and the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital from August - November 2021. Ninety (90) participants were enrolled (45 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases and 45 healthy controls). ALERE DETERMINE HIV-1/2 rapid diagnostic test plus HIV AB/AG ELISA HUMAN COMBO was used for HIV screening, and IFN- levels were measured by sandwich ELISA method. Among the 45 cases, 35 were PTB infected only, while 10 (22.2%) were HIV/TB co-infected. IFN- levels were higher in the TB-HIV co-infected group (7.24pg/ml ± 6,9) and the TB mono-infected group (4.11pg/ml ± 3.02) as compared to healthy controls (3.31 ± 2.14). In TB patients, a negative correlation was observed between the IFN- levels and the duration of antituberculosis therapy, indicating the importance of IFN- in accelerating recovery from PTB following treatment. Considering the limited number of cases studied, further studies are needed to demonstrate the value of this cytokine in the management of MTB in Cameroon.