bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Analysis of Hirshfeld Surface of Hexa (4‐Aminopyridine) Triscopper(II) Carbonate Trihydrate
Authors: Renugadevi M. , Sinthiya Arockiasamy. , Lalitha P. , Kaur Kirtanjot 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSynthesized crystal of Hexa (4‐aminopyridine) triscopper(II) carbonate trihydrate with the chemical formula C33 H42 Cu3 N12 O12. Molecular structure of synthesized compound determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) of Hexa (4‐aminopyridine) triscopper(II) carbonate trihydrate. The 4‐aminopyridine molecular is bonded with copper atoms via the aromatic ring's nitrogen atoms (Cu‐N). The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface is essential to the crystal packing process because of the intermolecular interactions. Intermolecular interactions of hydrogen bonds are revealed through Hirshfeld surface analysis viewed by 3D and 2D fingerprint plots. A novel organic‐inorganic hybrid crystal is Hexa (4‐aminopyridine) triscopper(II) carbonate trihydrate determined, and their study of this crystal reveals various intermolecular interactions responsible for crystal stability.
Antidiabetic Ligand Based Reverse Docking Studies on Isolated Phytoconstituents from Stem Bark Chloroform Extract of Strychnos nux‐vomica
Authors: Bonagiri Sreedevi , Kuchana Vijaya , Satla Shobharani 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStrychnos nux‐vomica (S.N) also known as poisonous nut, Dog button, Kuchla whose seeds and barks have various components that are used in folklore and traditional medicines in different countries. Stem bark of SN is collected from local area and extracted using chloroform by soxhlation process and isolated the phytoconstituents from the chloroform extract using column chromatography method by gradient elution technique. Six compounds are isolated from the column out of which four compounds are found to be novel from the S.N. Obtained phytoconstituents are checked for in silico studies using reverse docking process with the help of Schrodinger software and the docking score indicates that the phytoconstituents are found to have very good antidiabetic action.
Assessing the Microbial Contamination Levels in Milk Samples from Rural and Urban Areas: A Focus on Raisen and Bhopal Districts
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Madhubanti , Malviya Jitendra , Barik Arundhati , Asthana Nidhi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the level of microbial contamination in raw cow milk samples collected from farms in rural and urban regions of Raisen and Bhopal districts, Madhya Pradesh, India. Recent data are gathered to investigate the microbial quality of the milk samples directly, rather than relying on reported findings from other sources. The results reveal that both rural and urban milk samples exhibit significantly higher bacterial colony counts compared to acceptable limits for total viable count. The average total viable count for urban samples is 8.699 log CFU mL−1, with a standard deviation of 0.821 log CFU mL−1, using a sample size of 1 mL. Moreover, urban samples show a higher initial incubation count (8.728 ± 0.431 log CFU mL‐1), indicating potential unsanitary milk handling practices in urban areas. In contrast, rural milk samples demonstrate significantly lower bacterial counts (8.0778 ± 0.079 log CFU mL−1) and exhibit superior laboratory sanitization measures. Enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species, and Shigella are found in both urban and rural milk samples after isolation. However, strains of bacterial culture specific to Pseudomonas and Salmonella species are exclusively detected in urban samples, suggesting a higher contamination level in urban areas compared to rural regions. These findings highlight the urgent need for improved milk production and handling practices in both rural and urban areas, particularly in urban settings where the contamination levels are found to be significantly higher. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of microbial quality in raw cow milk and emphasize the importance of implementing appropriate interventions to ensure the safety and quality of milk consumed by the population.
Ethno‐Botanical Study of Medicinal Plants from Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh: Methanolic Extracts of Four Species and their Antimicrobial, Anti‐Inflammatory and Toxicity Properties
Authors: Soni Urvashi , Malviya Jitendra , Singh Diwakar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe traditional usage of Plumbago zeylanica L, Cassia alata L, Caesalpinia crista L, and Rubia Cordifolia L in the villages of Vidisha district in Madhya Pradesh, India, has sparked research into the plants' phytochemical makeup and a range of possible medicinal benefits. This research is the first to describe the phytochemical makeup, powerful anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of PZ stem. The PZ stem and CA fruit methanolic extracts has the greatest levels of phenolic, flavonoid, and flavonol compounds and has a robust antioxidant capacity for scavenging DPPH and hydrogen peroxide with regard to A. flavus, A. baumannii, A. fumigatus, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and R. oryzae, the anti‐bacterial and anti‐fungal activity of the chosen plant extracts are strongest for PZ, CA, and CA T. terrestris leaf.
Exploring the Function of Predicted T‐Cell Epitopes in Enhancing Influenza Virus Vaccine Efficacy
Authors: Malviya Jitendra , Yadav Sawan , Rathore Priya , Barik Arundhati , Mohapatra Susnata Sovalin , Sareen Shweta , Sahoo Brahmananda , Singh Suresh Chandra , Asthana Nidhi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the potential utility of predicted T‐cell epitopes derived from the hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of the H1N1 and H5N1 serotypes of the influenza virus. The aim is to contribute to the improvement of a valuable influenza virus vaccine. The influenza virus, a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, causes the contagious illness commonly known as the “flu.” It contains RNA and exhibits symptoms ranging from mild to severe, including fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle aches, headaches, coughing, fatigue, and weakness. Each year, the flu epidemic results in a significant number of deaths and cases of severe illness worldwide. The study focuses on the HA protein, which is very useful for entry of virus and host cell strap, and the neuraminidase (NA) enzyme, which facilitates the free of the virus from the host cell. By utilizing computational tools such as Propred 1 and Propred, binding predictions for MHC class I and II are generated and conserved sequences are analyzed. The 3D structures of MHC class I and II human molecules are obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) using the PATCH‐DOCK server. Through patch docking of the analyzed conserved sequences with MHC I and II human molecules, conserved epitopes that hold potential for vaccine development are identified. This research highlights the importance of utilizing predicted T‐cell epitopes in the design of effective influenza virus vaccines. By leveraging computational methods and structural analysis, this approach provides insights into the development of vaccines that target specific influenza virus serotypes. The identified conserved epitopes have the potential to enhance vaccine efficacy and contribute to the ongoing efforts to combat influenza virus infections.
Assessment of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan‐Stabilized Nanoparticles and Nanoemulsions Containing Essential Oils: A Data Mining and Meta‐Analytical Investigation
Authors: Pereira Michelle C. de P. , Junior Fernando G. de S. , Brandão Daniele Silvéria , de Sena Maria Eugenia R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmidst the ongoing evolution of microorganisms and subsequent public health crises, it is imperative to explore innovative approaches to reduce their pathogenicity. Recent epidemics such as the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus and monkeypox have further emphasized the urgent need to address this global challenge. Thanks to scientific advancements, various alternatives to allopathic medicines have gained prominence. Essential oils (E.O.s), known for their broad bioactivities derived from their rich composition of terpenes and phenylpropanoids, hold potential in neutralizing pathogen proliferation. Using data mining and machine learning techniques, this study initially aims to address the following questions through data collection from the Scopus database using seven keyword combinations: “Can essential oils be effective in combating pandemics?” and “How are nanotechnology and oils being employed?” Finally, “Are chitosan‐stabilized nanoparticles and nanoemulsions of these oils antimicrobial agents?” Bibliographic data is extracted in RIS format to answer these questions and subsequently analyzed using bibliometric networks with VOSviewer software. These findings underscore that predominant research focuses on the production of chitosan‐stabilized nanoparticles of E.O.s as potential tools against various pathogens. The meta‐analysis reveals a diamond range of 2.03–2.08, demonstrating that despite the observed heterogeneity, the study results generally lean toward the weighted average. This indicates the promise of chitosan‐stabilized nanoparticles and nanoemulsions based on E.O.s as antimicrobial agents. By highlighting the antimicrobial potential of E.O.s, particularly when incorporated into chitosan‐stabilized nanoparticles and nanoemulsions, this study elucidates a promising path for a more resilient future against pathogenic threats.
The Synergism of Silver and Fluoride: A New Arsenal in Caries Management
Authors: Kumar Chhaya , C Pushpalatha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTopical anticaries agents are non‐invasive methods to control and prevent dental caries. SDF is a fluoride‐based agent added to the arsenal of caries prevention tools. It has got a lot of attention since its introduction in the 1970s because of its ability to prevent and arrest caries, as well as its excellent antibacterial and anti‐plaque action. SDF reduces acid production by microorganisms, decreases the Streptococcus mutans count, biofilm formation, increases enamel resistance, and promotes dentinal tubule obliteration when applied to the dental surface. SDF also assists in the remineralization of dentin. A biannual application of 38% SDF has been effective at preventing dentin demineralization. This “silver bullet” can be seen as an alternative for caries prevention in special health care needs children which is minimally invasive and safe. Along with the advantages, there are some disadvantages, and work has been carried out to explore the use of silver nanoparticles (SNP) as anticaries agents to shield the teeth from aesthetic damage caused by Silver diamine fluoride. SNPs are identified to have the potential to prevent and inhibit dental caries while not discoloring demineralized dental enamel. SNPs have a greater surface area for interaction with microorganisms than other particles, making them more effective antimicrobial agents. Fluoride combined with SNP solution has a synergistic effect that promotes enamel remineralization while also acting as a bactericidal agent against cariogenic microorganisms. This review aims to bring out the various advantages and disadvantages related to the use of SDF and SNPs to aid in future research.
Exploring the Transformative Potential of In Situ Gels: An Overview of Thermosensitive and pH‐Sensitive Gel Systems for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Patil Ruturaj R. , Patil Arpana S. , Chougule Krutuja , Patil Archana S. , Ugare Pratik , Masareddy Rajashree S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn situ gel systems have emerged as promising drug delivery platforms due to their numerous benefits, including increased patient compliance and decreased administration frequency. The potential of in situ gel extends beyond its formulation benefits, with the ability to transform medical treatment by enhancing drug delivery, offering personalized therapies, and introducing innovative approaches. Ongoing research and the efforts of pharmaceutical companies are dedicated to exploring the vast opportunities presented by in situ gel, pushing the limits of innovation in the field of drug delivery. The selection of suitable polymers is critical for the development of in situ gel formulations. Additionally, consideration of drug‐polymer compatibility ensures the stability and efficacy of the drug within the gel matrix. Formulation considerations play a pivotal role in the development of effective in situ gel systems. They have shown great potential in drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. The ability to prolong gastric retention time, targeted delivery, and localized drug release are among the advantages offered by in situ gels. Although in situ gel technology has shown significant advancements, challenges remain, including stability and shelf‐life issues, biocompatibility and safety concerns, and the need for further research and development. Future directions focus on overcoming these challenges and exploring new applications and advancements in the field. In conclusion, in situ gel systems provide a versatile and promising drug delivery and tissue engineering platform. However, further research and development are essential to address the challenges and fully harness the potential of this innovative technology.
A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacological Activities of Ocimum kilimandscharicum: Camphor Basil
Authors: Chincholikar Preeti , Malviya Jitendra , Saxena Rakhi , Soni Urvasi , Panda Amiya Ranjan , Chaudhry Shubham , Khatarkar Manohar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOcimum kilimandscharicum or Camphor basil is a plant that is native to the Kikuyu tribes of Kenya. This plant has been widely known for its mosquito repellant properties but its potential as a therapeutic agent remains a lesser‐known fact. Traditional/Folkloric uses of this plant have paved way for the numerous studies conducted till now and these have helped to establish this plant as one of medicinal value. The well‐known folkloric uses of this plant include treating flu, cancer, diarrhea, asthma, ulcer, measles, cough, and abdominal pain among others. These studies provide insights into the efficacy of this plant in comparison to other species belonging to the same genus. This review aims to emphasize the various therapeutic and nontherapeutic applications of O. kilimandscharicum with a brief outline of its phytochemical constituents.
Analytical Method Development and Validation of a UV‐Spectrophotometric Technique for Pioglitazone HCL Estimation in Bulk and Polymeric Nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Behera Amulyaratna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe type 2 diabetes drug pioglitazone is encapsulated in polymeric (Chitosan/PEG blended PLGA) nanoparticles utilizing solvent evaporation methods. The current research aimed to develop and validate an accessible, accurate, fast, and commercial UV spectrophotometric approach for assessing Pioglitazone in bulk and polymeric nanoparticles. In the estimation method that involves a pH 7.4 phosphate buffer, the maximum absorbance of Pioglitazone is reported to be 269 nm. With a correlation coefficient of 0.999, the drug exhibits linearity in the concentration series of 5–60 µg mL‐1. The proposed technique is validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision, and ruggedness. When the proposed technology is used in nano‐formulation, the percent amount of drug estimated to be 99.35% agreed well with the label claim. Recovery experiments at three distinct levels, 50%, 75%, and 100% are used to test the method's accuracy. The recovery rate is estimated to be between 98.91% and 99.11%. The low percent relative standard deviation (RSD) value indicates the method's accuracy and reproducibility. The method's repeatability, intraday, and interday precision are all examined. The approach is precise if the percent RSD value is less than 2. With the assistance of two analysts, the ruggedness of the suggested method is investigated. For the scheduled examination of Pioglitazone in bulk and polymeric nanoparticles, the above process has been developed and validated and proved to be a quick and cost‐effective quality‐control tool in pharmaceuticals.
High glutamine increases stroke risk by inducing the endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in moyamoya disease
Authors: He Qiheng , Li Junsheng , Tao Chuming , Zeng Chaofan , Liu Chenglong , Zheng Zhiyao , Mou Siqi , Liu Wei , Zhang Bojian , Yu Xiaofan , Zhai Yuanren , Wang Jia , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yan , Zhang Dong , Zhao Jizong , Ge Peicong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAt present, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying moyamoya disease (MMD). Herein, we aimed to determine the role of glutamine in MMD pathogenesis, and 360 adult patients were prospectively enrolled. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to Integrin Subunit Beta 4 (ITGB4) overexpression or knockdown and atorvastatin. We assessed factors associated with various signaling pathways in the context of the endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and the expression level of related proteins was validated in the superficial temporal arteries of patients. We found glutamine levels were positively associated with a greater risk of stroke (OR = 1.599, p = 0.022). After treatment with glutamine, HBMECs exhibited enhanced proliferation, migration, and EndMT, all reversed by ITGB4 knockdown. In ITGB4‐transfected HBMECs, the MAPK–ERK–TGF–β/BMP pathway was activated, with Smad4 knockdown reversing the EndMT. Furthermore, atorvastatin suppressed the EndMT by inhibiting Smad1/5 phosphorylation and promoting Smad4 ubiquitination in ITGB4‐transfected HBMECs. We also found the protein level of ITGB4 was upregulated in the superficial temporal arteries of patients with MMD. In conclusion, our study suggests that glutamine may be an independent risk factor for hemorrhage or infarction in patients with MMD and targeting ITGB4 could potentially be therapeutic approaches for MMD.
RARS1‐related hypomyelinating leukodystrophy‐9 (HLD‐9) in two distinct Iranian families: Case report and literature review
Authors: Biglari Sajjad , Vahidnezhad Hassan , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin , Khorram Khorshid Hamid Reza , Esmaeilzadeh Emran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypomyelinating leukodystrophy‐9 (HLD‐9) is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in RARS1, which codes for the cytoplasmic tRNA synthetase for arginine (ArgRS). This study aims to evaluate the clinical, neuroradiological, and genetic characteristics of patients with RARS1‐related disease and determine probable genotype–phenotype relationships.MethodsWe identified three patients with RARS1 homozygous pathogenic variants. Furthermore, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature.ResultsHomozygous variants of RARS1 (c.2T>C (p.Met1Thr)) were identified in three patients with HLD‐9. Clinical symptoms were severe in all patients. Following the literature review, thirty HLD‐9 cases from eight studies were found. The 33 patients' main symptoms were hypomyelination, language delay, and intellectual disability or developmental delay. The mean age of onset for HLD9 in the group of 33 patients with a known age of onset was 5.8 months (SD = 8.1). The interquartile range of age of onset was 0–10 months. Of the 25 variants identified, c.5A>G (p.Asp2Gly) was identified in 11 patients.ConclusionPathogenic variants in RARS1 decrease ArgRS activity and cause a wide range of symptoms, from severe, early onset epileptic encephalopathy with brain atrophy to a mild condition with relatively maintained myelination. These symptoms include the classic hypomyelination presentation with nystagmus and spasticity. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of the variation c.2T>C (p.Met1Thr) has been shown.
Synergizing meander line and heterogeneous composite for miniaturized hybrid microwave absorber
Authors: Goyal Nikunj , Panwar Ravi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study presents a significant stride in microwave absorption technology through the integration of a meander line (MDL) pattern with a heterogeneous composite (HC) fused perforated microwave absorber (PFMA). Through a comprehensive analysis, it is demonstrated that the integration of these approaches leads to improved performance compared to traditional absorber configurations. The conversion of the micron‐sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) and nano‐sized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) based HC into a PFMA is achieved using a drilling machine. Following this, an MDL pattern is deposited to impart the desired characteristics, ultimately resulting in the development of a final absorber structure. Notably, the absorber achieves a wide absorption bandwidth while maintaining an ultra‐thin structure of only 1.8 mm. Its lightweight, miniaturized design, good angular stability, and polarization insensitivity enhance its practical utility for diverse applications. Beyond theoretical contributions, this research demonstrates the practical feasibility of fabricating and measuring the proposed absorber.
Selectively closing recycling centers in Bavaria: Reforming waste‐management policy to reduce disparity
Authors: Schmidt Malena , Singh Bismark 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecycling centers sort and process collected waste in the interest of the environment, but also lead to damaging climate effects via released emissions and pollutants in their operation. Consequently, governments are closing such centers to fulfill climate and carbon neutrality goals. However, such closures risk populations being forced to travel further to facilities that collect waste, and can cause an unfair burden on the remaining open centers, thereby reducing participation in recycling. Using a facility location optimization model and mobility survey data within the state of Bavaria in Germany, we show how selective closures of these centers can still lead to high levels of recycling access. Our analysis ensures that even when 20% of facilities are closed smartly, the median travel distance by residents to their assigned recycling center increases by only 450 m. Additionally, we find Bavaria suffers from disparity in recycling patterns in rural and urban regions, both in terms of motivation to recycle and the locations of the facilities. We promote a policy that favors retention of recycling centers in rural regions by reserving 75% of open facilities to be in rural areas, while selectively closing facilities in urban regions, to remove these regional differences. Success of recycling campaigns depends on public perception of closures of such facilities and also on their ease of access. As policymakers gradually implement further closures, such data‐driven strategies can assist in being more transparent to the public thereby increasing the willingness to participate in such recycling programs.