bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh dosis kalium terhadap intensitas penyakit bercak daun yang disebabkan oleh Cercospora personata pada tanaman kacang tanah
Authors: Neuw Korinus , Daeng Baso , Martanto Eko Agus , Andriani Liz Yanti 
Published: March 2024

Cercospora personata is a pathogen that causes leaf spot disease, as one of the important diseases of peanut plants, known to reduce the rate of photosynthesis to reduce plant production by up to 50%. The handling of Cercospora attacks so far is still focused on the method of spraying fungicides. Potassium fertilization is known to increase plant resistance from one of the Cercospora attacks. The right dosage to overcome Cercospora attacks needs to be studied so that the method of fertilizing potassium in peanut plants can be implemented effectively. This study was conducted in an experimental garden using 5 dosages of potassium and repeated 3 times. The composition of the treatment used is: D0 (control), D1 (2 gr of potash fertilizer per plant), D2 (4 gr of potash fertilizer per plant), D3 (6 gr of potash fertilizer per plant) and D4 (8 gr of potash fertilizer per plant). Weekly observations were made on the variables of plant height, number of leaves, number of saplings, as well as the intensity of disease attacks. The results showed that the dose of potassium had a significant effect on several components of plant growth and the intensity of disease attacks. The application of potassium as a fertilizer has a significant influence on the observation components of the number of leaves (plant age 8, 10, and 12 MST), the number of saplings at plant age 10 MST, and the intensity of leaf spot disease attacks (plant age 8, 10, and 12 MST). Plants that were not given potassium showed leaf spot disease attacks with the highest intensity compared to the other four treatments. This pattern was seen at observation ages of 8, 10, and 12 MST.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM PEJABAT YANG MELAKUKAN PEMBIARAN PELANGGARAN BAGI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA
Authors: Candra Andi , Hendra Wijaya  , Primadhani Muhammad Ricky , Suprayogi Muhammad Heru , Setiawan Yogi , Aditya Fariz Nayoan 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak
Pegawai Negeri Sipil sebagai abdi negara dan abdi masyarakat yang dengan penuh kesetiaan dan ketaatan kepada Pancasila, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, negara dan pemerintah dalam menyelenggarakan tugas pemerintahan dan pembangunan serta wajib menjaga persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Bagaimanakah karakteristik pelanggaran hukum oleh pejabat berwenang atas pembiaran penerapan sanksi terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin. Bagaimanakah faktor-faktor yang menghambat jalannya penjatuhan sanksi administratif terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan dengan menggunakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat jalannya penjatuhan sanksi administratif terhadap Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin yang pertama adanya pembiaran yang dilakukan oleh atasan, kemudian yang kedua kurangnya kesadaran Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam melakukan kewajibannya dan berkomitmen untuk tidak melakukan pelanggaran disiplin, lalu yang terakhir yaitu situasi politik, situasi politik sering menjadi penghambat dalam penjatuhan sanksi, sebab dalam pemerintah masih sarat akan nepotisme.
Kata Kunci : Pertanggungjawaban, Pejabat, Pelanggaran, ASN
TELAAH HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBLOKIRAN SITUS YANG MEMILIKI MUATAN RADIKALISME DI MEDIA ONLINE
Authors: Novriansyah Novriansyah , Silsilia Dwi Putri , Satria Heri , Putrah Aan Mahan , Ramadhon Ganda Sukmana , Zakaria Zakaria 
Published: March 2024

Abstrak
Kebebasan pers merupakan salah satu dimensi hak asasi manusia, yaitu hak untuk membentuk pendapatnya secara bebas dalam kaitan kehidupan di ruang public, Ini diwujudkan dengan tersedianya informasi secara bebas dan benar bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan ini menjadi penyangga bagi terbangun dan terpeliharanya peradaban modern kehidupan manusia. Media pers dan jurnalis merupakan salah satu di antara sekian banyak pelaksana bagi nilai bersifat asasi ini. Kategori situs yang memiliki muatan radikalisme di media online pada dasarnya, tindak pidana penyebaran informasi kebencian berdasarkan suku, agama, ras, dan antar golongan merupakan suatu tindakan setiap orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak menyebarkan informasi yang ditujukan untuk menimbulkan rasa kebencian atau permusuhan individu dan/atau kelompok masyarakat tertentu berdasarkan atas suku, agama, ras, dan antar golongan. Berkaitan dengan penentuan kriteria situs yang bermuatan radikalisme, sebaiknya diperlukan adanya suatu penjelasan di dalam ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai kriteria situs yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai situs bermuatan radikalisme, mengingat dalam perumusan suatu peraturan perundang-undangan harus memperhatikan asas perumusan tindak pidana yang jelas dan terang dan perumusan tindak pidana harus ketat dan terbatas jangkauannya sebagai implementasi dari asas legalitas.
Kata Kunci : Pemblokiran, Radikalisme, Media, Online
FIBROMYALGIA AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS, A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY USING THE 2016 ACR FIBROMYALGIA CRITERIA
Authors: Alnaimat F. , Abusheikha M. , Aldherasi S. , AlMomani M. , AlRyalat S.A. 
Published: March 2024

Aim and Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disorder characterized by chronic musculoskeletal pain that affects various parts of the body. This study aims to investigate the presence of FM among medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous online-based questionnaire that included the 2016 revision of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) fibromyalgia criteria, along with demographics and lifestyle data, was distributed among the closed social media groups of the medical students at the University of Jordan.
Results: A total of 332 responses were received, with a response rate of 28% of the target population. Of the responders, 65% were females. Chronic body pain was reported by 40% of the subjects. FM criteria were met in 6% of the students. The severity of FM symptoms was related to the female gender but not to poor academic performance or lifestyle habits. Only 30% of the respondents meeting the criteria for FM had previously discussed their symptoms with a clinician. A literature search of published studies among students revealed nine studies, 4 of which targeted medical students, with prevalence ranging from 2 -12.5%.
Conclusion: The occurrence of FM in medical students seems to be twice as high as in the general population. FM is often overlooked in medical students, who tend not to seek medical assistance. The findings recommend a greater emphasis on early detection of FM in medical students, coupled with suitable interventions.
Influence of Taekwondo Training as a Martial Art Sport on Enhancing Mental Wellness of Security Officers in Kenya
Authors: Gathoni Benson , Munayi Simon , Rotich Jonathan Kimatai , Njuno Antony Ndamberi 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate whether or not training in taekwondo as a martial art sport has a positive impact on the mental health of Kenyan security officers.
Methodology: The study used a desk top approach where literature was sought from different sources. The research was carried out with consideration given to previous theoretical literature, both published and unpublished.
Findings: Problems with mental wellness is a serious societal and work related issue that has numerous ramifications, including far-reaching social and economic impact in Kenyan security officers. However, a significant number of security officers do not seek help when they are experiencing issues with their mental wellness. Research in this area is scant, but there are suggestions that training in Taekwondo as martial arts sport may be an effective sports-based intervention for mental wellness, and that it may provide an affordable alternative to psychological therapy to security officers both public and private.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Uncertainty regarding the validity and trustworthiness of previous research is unfortunately caused by the limited number of studies that are relevant to the topic at hand, in addition to other methodological issues.
Model fast deposition of fine iron oxide particles on PVC pipe mains during the passage of a suspended particle plume in a full-scale laboratory system
Authors: Sass Braga Artur , Filion Yves 
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to investigate the interplay of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and the fluid velocity that are both responsible for the rapid formation of sediments deposits in a full-scale laboratory system with PVC pipes. The specific objectives of the paper were to: (1) estimate the average rate of iron oxide particle deposition on PVC pipes immediately after the rapid release, and during the passage of, a highly-concentrated plume of iron oxide particles that typifies discolouration events in real systems; (2) determine whether previously deposited particles on the pipe wall from the passage of previous iron oxide particle plumes affect the average rate of iron oxide deposition and attachment to the pipe wall. Experiments were realized in a test facility that mimics the operation of drinking water systems using a special design method to accurately inoculate and detect the passage of iron oxide particles through the pipes under steady flow conditions commonly found in water networks. The experiments consisted of the passage of 3 sequential waves of particles, tested for three different SSC and three different flow velocities. The results showed that increasing the inlet water quality conditions and the concentration of the particulate plume tended to increase the total deposited load while fluid velocity had a negligeable impact on the total deposited load. The results also showed that both an increase of concentration and fluid velocity produced an increase in the average deposition rate, and that this was mainly caused by the shorter conditioning period of the experiments at higher velocities. Further, the experimental results did not show any change in average particle deposition rate and attachment across the three plumes. This suggests that the presence of particle deposits from previous plumes had a negligible impact on particle deposition and attachment.
Biokinetic and Artificial Intelligence Models for the Simulation of Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Seshan Siddharth , Poinapen Johann , Van Lier Jules B. , Kapelan Zoran 
Published: March 2024

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is considered a potent and very harmful greenhouse gas (GHG), and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are considered a potent source of it. Predicting N2O emissions is a first step in reducing these. One way of doing this is by using a process-based biokinetic model, based on Activated Sludge Models (ASMs) that have been extended to include the N2O production pathways. Alternatively, data-driven Artificial Intelligence (AI) models can be used to predict N2O emissions. In this paper, a biokinetic model has been built and calibrated for the Amsterdam West WWTP (1.1 Million PE; 168 MLD), using the EnviroSim software, BioWin®. A comprehensive monitoring campaign was conducted to characterise the common quality parameters (COD, TKN, TP, TSS, etc.) into their fractions, which were then used as BioWin model inputs. The calibration was conducted in two stages to predict effluent quality followed by model calibration to predict N2O emissions. Additionally, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model was developed using pertinent process parameters, such as the influent flowrate, and NH4 in the aerobic tank as inputs to predict the N2O concentration in the gas phase. Preliminary results demonstrate that the ANN model outperforms the BioWin model in terms of prediction accuracy. Still further work is required to better understand the pros and cons of the two modelling approaches.
Disinfection Residual Behaviour within Drinking Water Distribution Systems
Authors: Rogers Jade , Fish Katherine , Speight Vanessa , Fairley Hunter , Knowles Graham , Boxall Joby 
Published: March 2024

Understanding the persistence of different disinfection residuals in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) is critical to water quality safety and public health. Chloramines are expected to persist, due to their chemical composition, further into the extremities of DWDS providing reduced risks to water quality, however there is limited evidence of this from operational systems. Total chlorine data from regulatory sampling at WTW outlets and customer taps from multiple DWDS was collected and analysed. The first data set compares long term performance from equivalent systems at the same time. Results showed the decay of residuals was similar across all seasons in the DWDS analysed, showing little correlation with residual type. The second data set compares six systems that experienced a disinfection switch from chlorine to chloramine. Decay of total chlorine residuals was clearly reduced for three and marginally reduced for a fourth following the switch, suggesting these DWDS experienced increased persistence. However, two sites showed little change. This analysis highlights the uncertainties around residual persistence under different disinfection types, indicating the assumption that chloramine persists for longer than chlorine in every distribution system is not a given.
An approach to improve drainage networks based on the study of flood risk
Authors: Bayas-Jiménez Leonardo , Martínez-Solano F. Javier , Iglesias-Rey Pedro L. , Boano Fulvio 
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the number of pluvial floods in cities has increased. There are different reasons for this increase, but certainly the most important are the increase in the intensity of the rain and the growth of cities, which increases the impervious surface, decreases the concentration time, and consequently increases runoff. To determine the costs of flood damage, land use is very important in the estimation of the cost of flood damage because it defines the type, value, and vulnerability of the structures. On this wise, an approach of great interest to managers of drainage networks is the estimation of annual damages in the area under study, because by knowing these costs, corrective measures can be taken, and the investment needed to reduce flooding can be determined. This work aims to present a methodology to improve drainage networks with lack of capacity due to increased runoff with a focus on the study of the vulnerability to the risk of flooding. To improve the operation of the networks, the method considers the possibility of changing the existing pipes for others with greater capacity, the construction of storm tanks and the implementation of hydraulic controls. To find the best solutions, an optimization model was developed that uses a Pseudo Genetic Algorithm and the SWMM model to perform hydraulic simulations. To reduce calculation times, a search space reduction procedure is applied to identify the regions containing the best solutions. These actions are intended to improve the efficiency of the model. For the economic assessment of flood risks, the cost of flood damage is related to its probability of occurrence for different return periods. With these data, a curve with a log-linear relationship is constructed. The cost of the flood risk is obtained by integrating the area under the curve obtained. The methodology is applied in a drainage network with flooding problems called Balloon, located in located in northern Italy. The results are useful to demonstrate the benefit of risk cost analysis to make decisions and underline the relevance of including optimization models to prevent future damage in cities.
Dynamic edge betweenness centrality and optimal design of water distribution networks
Authors: Sitzenfrei Robert , Hajibabaei Mohsen , Hesarkazzazi Sina , Minaei Amin , Savić Dragan 
Published: March 2024

The multi-objective design of water distribution networks (WDNs) as a nonlinear optimization problem is a challenging task. With two contradicting objectives (e.g., minimizing costs and maximizing resilience), Pareto fronts of optimal solutions can be obtained with, e.g., evolutionary algorithms. However, the main drawback of these algorithms is the high computational effort required to optimize large WDNs. Recently, a highly efficient method based on complex network theory (CNT) was developed, where within seconds, a wide range of Pareto near-optimal solutions can be obtained for the design of WDNs (i.e., determining optimal diameters). The developed method is based on a customized graph measure called demand edge betweenness centrality (EBCQ). This measure is based on the frequency of occurrence of an edge in the shortest path from a source node to a demand node. In addition, EBCQ sums up the demands routed through that edge, giving a valid flow estimation for an optimal design. In the graph of a WDN, the edges can have different weights. The weighting function used for calculations can be ‘static’ or ‘dynamic’. A constant value is utilized for edge weights in the static weighting approach, while a dynamic weighting function implies that edge weights are modified when iterating through all demand nodes. In this context, using dynamic weighting functions for (i.e., dynamic ) avoids concentrating values in just a few edges (shortest-path trees) by considering redundancy in flow paths and better approximation of the hydraulic behavior. However, it is not clear how the parameters of dynamic weighting functions should be defined to achieve the best approximation of the Pareto-optimal front. This work performs a systematic investigation of dynamic weighting functions and gives guidance for optimal parameter selection. The comparative study between the CNT approach (with static and dynamic weights) and evolutionary optimizations on four WDN design problems confirms the capability of the proposed dynamic functions in providing optimal/near-optimal solutions.
Methodology for analysis of the SDGs compliance in urban water systems. Implementation in case studies in the Valencian Community
Authors: Garcia Rodriguez Camila Andrea , Conejos Fuertes Pilar , Castillo Soria Jaime , Lopéz-Jiménez Petra Amparo , Perez-Sánchez Modesto 
Published: March 2024

The current economic, social, and technological development demands high quantities of good quality water, putting in more stress water resources. However, if water resources could be managed in a sustainable way, it will be possible to satisfy the present needs without compromising its long-term capacity. Given the situation, it has become a challenge to manage water systems sustainably, achieving all the goals set by the SDGs. In this sense, the sustainability of hydraulic systems must be considered globally to integrate all the aspects that intervenes in the concept, such as the economic, social, technical, and environmental fields. Key performance indicators (KPIs) can help managers to audit and evaluate hydraulic systems over time and from a sustainable point of view. This contribution presents a methodology for the implementation of sustainability indicators that will allow to assess the compliance of all the SDGs goals that intervenes in urban water systems. The defined indicators are linked to the management of hydraulic systems, and it was developed a classification of use based on their usefulness, complexity and cost when measuring them in the systems. This study also proposes a classification by levels of sustainability of the water systems, such as the energy efficiency classification of electrical appliances. The methodology is applicable for all types of hydraulic systems (supply, sanitation, treatment) and for each of its processes (operation, maintenance, administration, infrastructure). For the implementation of the KPIs, the level of development of the country or region where the study is carried out is considered. Therefore, for each case different indicators are defined from those already established to consider the characteristics of the systems and for the calculation of each KPI. A description of the system must be carried out, to have a memory of the evolution of the complete system and to define the indicators that are relevant. Therefore, through the results of the analysis it is possible to establish a benchmarking on the sustainable aspects of the water distribution system would represent a design, diagnosis, and management tool, which will improve sustainability in hydraulic systems. By improving the performance and sustainability of the systems, it is not only possible to achieve the objectives of goal 6, but also other associated goals will benefit, which highlights the relevance of sustainability indicators in hydraulic systems.
KONVERGENSI MEDIA: STRATEGI INSERT MENJADI MEDIA ONLINE INSERTLIVE.COM
Authors: Sugiagi Givi Hilmi 
Published: March 2024

Dengan berkembangnya teknologi komunikasi, proses penggabungan media massa tradisional dan teknologi media baru telah memunculkan fenomena “konvergensi media”, dimana terdapat berbagai media, dan membawa tren baru dalam industri media. Dengan kemajuan teknologi tersebut, Insert menerapkan strategi konvergensi media dengan menggabungkan Insert sebagai media konvensional dengan teknologi Internet, sehingga melahirkan Insertlive.com sebagai media online. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi strategi konvergensi media Insert menjadi media online Insertlive.com melalui lima tahap proses konvergensi kontinum: cross promotion, cloning, coopetition, content sharing dan full convergence. Metode penelitian menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara dan observasi. Temuan ini menjelaskan bahwa Insert menerapkan lima tahap konvergensi kontinum, yaitu tahap cross prmotion, dimana masing-masing media saling mempromosikan di setiap platform media, tahap cloning dimana Insert dan Insertlive.com melakukan peng-cloningan pada masing-masing konten. Pada tahap coopetition, masing-masing media menerapkan sistem kolaborasi untuk saling bekerja sama. Sementara itu, pada tahap content sharing, Insert dan Insertlive akan memiliki sumber konten yang sama dari tim lapangan atau reporter Insert, dan pada tahap full convergence, Insert telah melakukan tahap full convergence dengan Insertlive.com mulai dari iklan, konten, produksi dan pendistribusian. Strategi konvergensi media Insert pada Insertlive.com ini dilakukan agar masing-masing media dapat saling bersinergi melalui kolaborasi dan kerja sama untuk mengembangkan salah satu bisnisnya di era digital.
Kata Kunci: Perkembangan teknologi, strategi konvergensi, konvergensi media.
PENGGUNAAN DADU KATA TANYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA DALAM MENGGALI INFORMASI DARI TEKS SEJARAH
Authors: Yulianti Hendri , Rochmiyati Siti 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penggunaan dadu kata tanya sebagai alat pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam menggali informasi dari teks sejarah. Peneliti ingin mendeskrispikan apakah penggunaan dadu kata tanya dapat memfasilitasi siswa dalam mengajukan pertanyaan yang relevan dan mendalam tentang teks sejarah, serta meningkatkan pemahaman mereka tentang konten sejarah yang dipelajari. Metode yang digunakan
yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan instrumen tes sebagai dokumen hasil belajar dan non tes berupa observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran dan disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media dadu kata tanya dapat meningkatkan kesiapan membaca, sehingga mampu mendukung pengembangan keterampilan berbicara siswa dalam menggali informasi dari teks sejarah.