bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of weight-adjusted-waist index with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese urban adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Qingzheng , Li Bing , Wang Yuepeng , Zhang Yue , Wang Qian , Li Binqi , Jing Wei , Yang Jing , Mu Yiming 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRecently, weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), a new index for evaluating obesity, has been developed. This study aimed to examine the association between WWI and T2DM in Chinese urban adults.MethodA total of 5,0978 eligible participants drawn from the prospective REACTION study (Cancer Risk Assessment in Chinese People with Diabetes) were included in this study. Participants were divided into 3 groups based on baseline WWI levels. Pearson correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the association of WWI with T2DM risk factors and with T2DM risk.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity, central obesity and T2DM was 14.2%, 46.8% and 11.0% respectively, with a median age of 57 years. Logistic analysis showed that the WWI was significantly associated with the risk of T2DM. Compared to the lowest tertile of WWI (T1) serving as the reference group, the second tertile (T2) and the third tertile (T3) were associated with a 0.218-fold [1.218 (1.152, 1.288), P &lt;0.001] and 0.286-fold [1.286 (1.212, 1.364), P &lt;0.001] increase in the odds of developing T2DM respectively. After adjusting for all factors with the exception of the stratified variable, this association held true in age, sex, BMI, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia subgroup and was especially pronounced in those aged &lt;60 years, BMI ≥24 kg/m2, and males, with interactions between WWI and age, sex, and BMI (P for interaction &lt;0.05).ConclusionWWI was positively associated with T2DM in Chinese urban adults, especially in young and middle-aged males with BMI ≥24 kg/m2.
The impact of land transfer on food security: the mediating role of environmental regulation and green technology innovation
Authors: Xu Ming , Lu Zhaoyang , Wang Xinyue , Hou Guangwei 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionFood security is the lifeblood of national security and an important cornerstone for world 15 peace, stability, and development. In this context, the study of the impact of land transfer (TF) on food security (FS) provides a new perspective for land resource optimization.MethodsBased on the empirical data of 30 provinces and regions in China from 2010 to 2022, this paper used the two-way fixed effect model to explore the causal relationship and the intermediary relationship between the two. Moreover, quantile regression is used to further explore the heterogeneity. In addition, the spatial Durbin model is used to analyze the spillover effect.ResultsFirst, land transfer has a significant promoting effect on food security. Secondly, land transfer has obvious heterogeneity to food security. Third, environmental regulation and green technology innovation play an intermediary role in land transfer to food security. Fourth, land transfer has a spatial spillover effect on food security.DiscussionThis paper not only enriches the theoretical research on the impact of land transfer on food security, but also provides empirical evidence. It provides an important reference for deepening China’s land transfer policy system, optimizing land transfer resources and ensuring the safety of grain industry.
Developing transcriptomic biomarkers for TAVO412 utilizing next generation sequencing analyses of preclinical tumor models
Authors: Jin Ying , Chen Peng , Zhou Huajun , Mu Guangmao , Wu Simin , Zha Zhengxia , Ma Bin , Han Chao , Chiu Mark L. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionTAVO412, a multi-specific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-Met), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), is undergoing clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors. TAVO412 has multiple mechanisms of action for tumor growth inhibition that include shutting down the EGFR, c-Met, and VEGF signaling pathways, having enhanced Fc effector functions, addressing drug resistance that can be mediated by the crosstalk amongst these three targets, as well as inhibiting angiogenesis. TAVO412 demonstrated strong in vivo tumor growth inhibition in 23 cell-line derived xenograft (CDX) models representing diverse cancer types, as well as in 9 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lung tumor models.MethodsUsing preclinical CDX data, we established transcriptomic biomarkers based on gene expression profiles that were correlated with anti-tumor response or distinguished between responders and non-responders. Together with specific driver mutation that associated with efficacy and the targets of TAVO412, a set of 21-gene biomarker was identified to predict the efficacy. A biomarker predictor was formulated based on the Linear Prediction Score (LPS) to estimate the probability of patients or tumor model response to TAVO412 treatment. ResultsThis efficacy predictor for TAVO412 demonstrated 78% accuracy in the CDX training models. The biomarker model was further validated in the PDX data set and resulted in comparable accuracy. ConclusionsIn implementing precision medicine by leveraging preclinical model data, a predictive transcriptomic biomarker empowered by next-generation sequencing was identified that could optimize the selection of patients that may benefit most from TAVO412 treatment.
Bibliometric insight into neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: trends, collaborations, and future avenues
Authors: Xu Pengliang , Yu Huanming , Bian Hupo , Jia Dan , Li Wenhui , Dong Hongfeng , Peng Xiuhua 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundNeoadjuvant immunotherapy (NIT) is a rapidly emerging paradigm for advanced resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field.ObjectiveTo analyze the hotspots and trends in the research of NIT for NSCLC and provide a reference for the study of NIT for lung cancer in China.MethodsRetrieve literature related to NIT for NSCLC from Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases up to September 10, 2024. Use CiteSpace and VOSviewer software visualization software to analyze the keywords of country, author, institution, and literature.ResultsThere were 1575 references, and the overall annual publication volume showed an upward trend; Forde and Patrick M have published the most articles in the literature. The research hotspots mainly focus on chemotherapy, NIT for NSCLC, immunotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pathological reactions, etc.ConclusionsThis is the first bibliometric study comprehensively summarizing NIT’s research trends and development in NSCLC. Our bibliometric assessment provides a panoramic view of the research milieu surrounding NIT for NSCLC, encapsulating the present state, evolving trends, and potential future directions, particularly emphasizing the promise of immunochemotherapy.
Preoxygenation strategies before intubation in patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Na , Wei Chen , Deng Jiaxiang , Wang Yingying , Xie Hongwen 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPatients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) face life-threatening complications during tracheal intubation. Preoxygenation can enhance oxygen reserves and mitigate hypoxemia risk, but the optimal strategy remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the best preoxygenation strategy for these patients.MethodsWe conducted a network meta-analysis of studies published up to July 2024, evaluating conventional oxygen therapy (COT), high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), non-invasive ventilation (NIV), and their combinations prior to intubation. Data were extracted and analyzed using pairwise and network meta-analysis within a Bayesian framework. Model selection was based on the deviance information criterion (DIC).ResultsA total of 11 randomized controlled trials involving 2,874 patients were included. NIV preoxygenation significantly reduced the likelihood of SpO2 &lt;80% during intubation compared to COT (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.070–0.71). No significant differences were found in lowest SpO2, complications, ICU length of stay, or mortality across preoxygenation strategies. HFNC was the most effective for reducing complications, while HFNC combined with COT or NIV showed similar effects on the lowest SpO2 during intubation.ConclusionPreoxygenation with HFNC appears to be the safest and most effective approach prior to intubation in patients with AHRF compared to other strategies.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO (CRD42024565053).
Xiaohua Funing decoction ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating the gut microbiota and bile acids
Authors: Li Yan , Zhao Jindong 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) have emerged as factors involved in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Xiaohua Funing decoction (XFD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for the treatment of NAFLD. Previous studies have indicated that XFD protects liver function, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, a Wistar rat model of NAFLD (Mod) was established via a high-fat diet. The effects of obeticholic acid (OCA) and XFD on Mod rats were subsequently evaluated. Wistar rats in the control (Con) group were fed a standard diet. There were eight rats in each group, and the treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Furthermore, metagenomic sequencing and BA metabolomic analyses were performed.ResultsCompared to the Con group, the Mod group presented significant differences in body and liver weights; serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels; and liver TG, TC, and bile salt hydrolase levels (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01). Importantly, OCA and XFD administration normalized these indicators (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01). Pathology of the liver and white fat steatosis was observed in the Mod group, but steatosis was significantly alleviated in the OCA and XFD groups (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01). The abundances of Bacteroidales_bacterium, Prevotella_sp., bacterium_0.1xD8-71, and unclassified_g_Turicibacter in the Mod group were significantly different from those in the Con group (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01), whereas the abundance of Bacteroidales_bacterium was greater in the XFD group. A total of 17, 24, and 24 differentially abundant BAs were detected in the feces, liver, and serum samples from the Mod and Con groups, respectively (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01). In the feces, liver, and serum, XFD normalized the levels of 16, 23, and 14 BAs, respectively, including glycochenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, murideoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid, 23-nordeoxycholic acid, and 3β-ursodeoxycholic acid. In addition, glycochenodeoxycholic acid was identified as a potential biomarker of NAFLD.DiscussionIn summary, our experiments revealed that XFD regulates the gut microbiota and BAs, providing beneficial effects on liver lipid accumulation in NAFLD.
Evaluation of the impact of postural restrictions after Semont liberatory maneuver on immediate reactions and short-term outcome in the posterior semicircular canal canalolithiasis: a preliminary study
Authors: Albera Andrea , Boldreghini Marco , Lucisano Sergio , Albera Roberto , Cassandro Claudia , Barci Alma , Riva Giuseppe , Canale Andrea 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most frequent peripheral vestibular disorder, characterized by brief but intense vertigo crises related to changes in position. The Liberatory maneuver is considered the gold-standard treatment, with a short-term resolution of the vertigo in over 70% of cases, and achieving a 90% success rate after four maneuvers. An immediate reaction to the subsequent repositioning maneuver is often an orthotropic nystagmus (Ny) occurring in the same direction as the Ny observed after returning to the primary position. This reaction, occurring seconds to minutes after reaching the second position, is considered a positive predictor of the maneuver’s effectiveness. To improve the success rate after the maneuver, many authors have suggested postural restrictions.MethodsTo determine the best predictors of outcome between the immediate behavior after the Semont maneuver and postural restriction, we analyzed 102 patients with posterior semicircular canalithiasis who underwent the Semont maneuver. In each case, we assessed the immediate reaction to the maneuver. Postural restrictions were recommended to 55 participants, while the remaining 40 were instructed to engage in normal head movements, even immediately following the maneuver.ResultsThe resolution rate was almost the same (69% versus 62%), regardless of postural behavior, while a significantly high success rate was obtained in the presence of Ny in position 2 of the Semont maneuver.ConclusionOur results support the hypothesis that postural restriction is not necessary after the Semont maneuver and that the occurrence of Ny during position 2 is the main outcome indicator.
Functional segregation of rostral and caudal hippocampus in associative memory
Authors: Vorobiova Alicia Nunez , Feurra Matteo , Pavone Enea Francesco , Stieglitz Lennart , Imbach Lukas , Moiseeva Victoria , Sarnthein Johannes , Fedele Tommaso 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe hippocampus plays a crucial role in episodic memory. Given its complexity, the hippocampus participates in multiple aspects of higher cognitive functions, among which are semantics-based encoding and retrieval. However, the “where,” “when” and “how” of distinct aspects of memory processing in the hippocampus are still under debate.MethodsHere, we employed a visual associative memory task that involved encoding three levels of subjective congruence to delineate the differential involvement of the rostral and caudal portions (also referred as anterior/posterior portions) of the human hippocampus during memory encoding, recognition and associative recall.ResultsThrough stereo-EEG recordings in epilepsy patients we show that associative memory is reflected by rostral hippocampal activity during encoding, and caudal hippocampal activity during retrieval. In contrast, recognition memory encoding selectively activates the rostral hippocampus. The temporal dynamics of memory processing are manifested by gamma power increase, which partially overlaps with low-frequency power decrease during encoding and retrieval. Congruence levels modulate low-frequency activity prominently in the caudal hippocampus.DiscussionThese findings highlight an anatomical segregation in the hippocampus in accordance with the contributions of its partitions to associative and recognition memory.
The hidden crisis: double burden of malnutrition among refugee children in South Asia – a systematic review and meta-analysis from observational studies
Authors: Panchal Pooja , Usman Mohd , Longkumer Tajung , Babu Reshma Susan , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazil , Razak Shariza Abdul , Menon Kavitha 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundChildren living in refugee camps in South Asian countries suffer from undernutrition. However, the emerging prevalence of double burden of malnutrition could potentially cause a crisis in the healthcare of the refugee population. Double burden increases the risk for co-morbidities, poor functional health, and increased risk for premature death among these children. The study aims to assess the prevalence of malnutrition among refugee children in South Asia.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis followed the standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines using CoCoPop mnemonic approach. We searched JSTOR, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases for studies on the prevalence of malnutrition in refugee children from 1984 to August 2024 with restricted English language. The screening of research articles was undertaken using COVIDENCE 2.0 software. The JBI checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the included articles. The meta analysis was carried out using MedCalc 22.018 software. The gray literature was manually searched from the reputed organizations focusing on refugee children and was narratively analyzed for malnutrition statistics. Furthermore, the corroboration of primary research articles and gray literature was conducted for comprehensive understanding.ResultsThe review included 10 full-text research articles, all with cross-sectional study design and 11 gray literatures. The 10 studies covered a total of 4,274 participants with 3,536 urban and 738 rural refugee children aged between 0 and 19 years [refugee children (n = 8) and refugee adolescents (n = 2)]. The sample size of the included studies varied between 58 and 1,087 and mostly from Bangladesh. The prevalence of stunting ranged from 3.9–75.4% in the included studies [pooled prevalence: 31.8% (95% CI: 18.6–46.6%)]; wasting between 0.3–24.3% [pooled prevalence:10.1% (95% CI: 4.6–17.3)]; underweight between 4.4–65% [pooled prevalence: 19.1% (95% CI: 10.8–29.2%)]; and overweight between 3 and 24% [pooled prevalence: 6.5% (95% CI: 2.6–12.1%)]. Time trend analysis of the prevalence of malnutrition showed a decreasing trend in underweight, an increasing trend for stunting and wasting, and overweight including a rising prevalence of dual burden of under-and overnutrition.DiscussionThe study indicates a high prevalence of undernutrition and a rising prevalence of overnutrition -the Asian paradox of the double burden of malnutrition in refugee children living in South Asia. The coexisting double burden of malnutrition among refugee children calls for comprehensive programs and policies for the prevention and management of the double burden of malnutrition.
The clinical value of computed tomography Hounsfield unit for diagnosing palpable inguinal lymph node metastasis in patients with penile cancer
Authors: Li Yu , Chen Yu , Xie Gansheng , Li Gang , Yin Huming 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) Hounsfield units (HUs) of pathologically confirmed metastatic inguinal lymph nodes (ILNs) were proved to be higher than negative ones. We designed this study to explore the clinical value of CT HU for diagnosing palpable ILN metastasis in patients with penile cancer.MethodsA total of 32 patients with penile cancer, including 84 palpable ILNs, were recruited in this study. They all performed 5-mm layer pelvic contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) before treatment. The palpable ILNs were matched with CT image. By using radiologic software PACS, the layer with a maximum cross-sectional area of target lymph node was selected, and the short axis was defined as diameter. We outlined the edge of target lymph nodes, and the software automatically calculated its area, maximum CT HU, and average CT HU. All target ILNs were biopsied by surgery to confirm the presence of metastasis.ResultsCompared with non-metastatic ILNs, metastatic ILNs had larger diameter, area, maximum non-contrast CT (NC-CT) HU, maximum arterial-phase CE-CT (ACE-CT) HU, average NC-CT HU, and average ACE-CT HU, with statistically significant differences (P &lt; 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the all six parameters (maximum NC-CT HU, maximum ACE-CT HU, average NC-CT HU, average ACE-CT HU, diameter, and area) had significant diagnostic value for ILN metastasis, with an area under the curve of 0.847, 0.853, 0.900, 0.919, 0.809, and 0.789, respectively. The average ACE-CT HU (cutoff: 40.5) had the highest accuracy as 0.857, and maximum NC-CT HU (cutoff: 51.5) had the highest sensitivity of 0.897.ConclusionILN CT HU was clinically valuable for the diagnosis of palpable ILN metastasis in patients with newly diagnosed penile cancer.
SiameseNet based on multiple instance learning for accurate identification of the histological grade of ICC tumors
Authors: Fu Zhizhan , Feng Fazhi , He Xingguang , Li Tongtong , Li Xiansong , Ziluo Jituome , Huang Zixing , Ye Jinlin 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAfter hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer. Timely and accurate identification of ICC histological grade is critical for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.MethodWe proposed a dual-branch deep neural network (SiameseNet) based on multiple-instance learning and cross-attention mechanisms to address tumor heterogeneity in ICC histological grade prediction. The study included 424 ICC patients (381 in training, 43 in testing). The model integrated imaging data from two modalities through cross-attention, optimizing feature representation for grade classification.ResultsIn the testing cohort, the model achieved an accuracy of 86.0%, AUC of 86.2%, sensitivity of 84.6%, and specificity of 86.7%, demonstrating robust predictive performance.ConclusionThe proposed framework effectively mitigates performance degradation caused by tumor heterogeneity. Its high accuracy and generalizability suggest potential clinical utility in assisting histopathological assessment and personalized treatment planning for ICC patients.
Carcinoembryonic antigen trajectory predicts pathological complete response in advanced gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Yonghe , Liu Dan , Wei Kaikai , Lin Yi , Wang Zhong , Sun Qian , Wang Huashe , Peng Junsheng , Lian Lei 
Published: February 2025

AimsThis study aims to develop a simple, clinically applicable classification system to predict pCR based on carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) trajectory during NAC.MethodsThis study included 366 AGC patients who received NAC followed by radical gastrectomy. CEA levels were measured before, during, and after NAC, with changes classified into three trajectory types: Type I (&gt;=80% decline), Type II (&gt;=40% but &lt;80% decline), and Type III (&lt;40% decline or increase). We analyzed associations between these CEA trajectories, pCR, lymph node remission, and survival.ResultspCR was achieved in 10.4% (38/366) of patients. pCR rates were significantly higher in Type I (41%) and Type II (15.8%) trajectories compared to Type III (6.7%). Lymph node remission also correlated with CEA trajectories, with Type I having the highest proportion of ypN0 (79.2%). Multivariate analysis identified CEA trajectory subtypes and tumor differentiation as independent predictors of pCR. This classification system proved robust across subgroups. Although no significant differences in overall survival were observed between subtypes, higher initial CEA levels were associated with worse survival.ConclusionThe trajectory of CEA change during NAC is a promising predictor of pCR in AGC. This simple and accessible classification system may facilitate personalized surgical strategies for patients with AGC.