bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicinal Chemistry of Ferrocene
Authors: Fouda Mohammad F. R. , Abd‐Elzaher Mokhles M. , Abdelsamaia Rafeek A. , Labib Ammar A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Prostate‐specific antigen velocity and the detection of gleason score 7 to 10 prostate cancer
Authors: Punglia Rinaa S. , Cullen Jennifer , McLeod David G. , Chen Yongmei , D'Amico Anthony V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.An increasing prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) velocity is associated with a shorter survival after local therapy for prostate cancer. In this study, the authors evaluated whether PSA velocity was associated with prostate cancer detection and grade at diagnosis after adjusting for established predictors.METHODS.Between January 1989 and December 2003, 914 men who had PSA levels ≥4 ng/mL were identified by using the Center for Prostate Disease Research (CPDR) multicenter national database, including 541 men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed that included continuous variables (PSA velocity and level, number of prior negative biopsies, and age) along with categorical variables (ethnicity and family history) were used to identify the factors associated with prostate cancer detection and grade.RESULTS.An increasing PSA velocity was associated with Gleason scores from 7 to 10 versus Gleason scores form 2 to 6 or no cancer (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.04 ng/mL per year; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.003–1.085 ng/mL per year; P = .035). This finding was not evident in patients who had prostate cancers with Gleason scores between 2 and 6 or for any prostate cancer. PSA level was associated with the detection of any prostate cancer (OR, 1.06 ng/mL; 95% CI, 1.03–1.10 ng/mL; P = .004) and Gleason score ≤6 prostate cancer (OR, 1.06 ng/mL; 95% CI, 1.02–1.10 ng/mL; P = .0027); however, in the presence of PSA velocity, PSA no longer remained independently predictive for high‐grade prostate cancer (OR, 1.01 ng/mL; 95% CI, 0.98–1.04 ng/mL; P = .45) after adjusting for established predictors.CONCLUSIONS.PSA velocity enhanced the detection of high‐grade cancer in men who had PSA levels >4 ng/mL. These findings, in conjunction with life expectancy, may be used when deciding which men should not be recommended for prostate biopsy despite a PSA level >4 ng/mL. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Accuracy of pleural biopsy using thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of histologic subtype in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Greillier Laurent , Cavailles Arnaud , Fraticelli Anne , Scherpereel Arnaud , Barlesi Fabrice , Tassi Gianfranco , Thomas Pascal , Astoul Philippe 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Promising results with trimodality therapy combining surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have been obtained in the management of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). However, the histologic subtype has to be taken into account because of its influence on prognosis. The aim of the current study was to analyze retrospectively the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of preoperative thoracoscopy for diagnosis of the histologic subtype of MPM.METHODS.The histologic reports from all consecutive patients undergoing ‘intent‐to‐treat’ surgery from 3 institutions as well as the initial pathologic diagnosis obtained using thoracoscopy were reviewed and compared after institutional review board approval. All cases of MPM were confirmed by a panel of pathologists.RESULTS.Ninety‐five patients were included in the current study. Of these 95 patients, 75 underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy, 9 patients underwent pleurectomy/decortication, and 11 patients underwent pleurectomy. Of the 95 patients with a final diagnosis of MPM, 80 (84.2%) were classified as having epithelial and 15 (15.8%) as having biphasic subtype. Among the 87 patients classified as having MPM of epithelial subtype after the initial thoracoscopy, 75 cases (86.2%) were confirmed to be a true histologic diagnosis and 12 cases (13.8%) were found to be of biphasic subtype at final diagnosis. One patient with a biphasic subtype at initial thoracoscopy was found to have MPM of epithelial subtype after surgery. The sensitivity and specificity values of an epithelial subtype diagnosis after thoracoscopy were 94% and 20%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 86% and a negative predictive value of 37%. Conversely, the sensitivity and specificity values of a biphasic subtype diagnosis after thoracoscopy were 20% and 98%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 75% and a negative predictive value of 87%.CONCLUSIONS.Pleural biopsy performed using thoracoscopy is considered to be the cornerstone of the diagnosis and pleural staging of MPM. However, this procedure appears to be less efficient in diagnosing the histologic subtype as either epithelial or biphasic. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Stochastic Detection of Motor Protein–RNA Complexes by Single‐Channel Current Recording
Authors: Astier Yann , Kainov Denis E. , Bayley Hagan , Tuma Roman , Howorka Stefan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA label‐ and immobilization‐free approach to detecting the reversible formation of complexes between nucleic acids and proteins at the single‐molecule level is described. The voltage‐driven translocation of individual oligoribonucleotides through a nanoscale protein pore is observed by single‐channel current recordings. The oligoribonucleotide 5′‐C25A25‐3′ gives rise to current blockades with an average duration of approximately 0.5 ms. In the presence of the RNA‐binding ATPase P4, a viral packaging motor from bacteriophage ϕ8, longer events of tens to hundreds of milliseconds are observed. Upon addition of ATP the long events disappear, indicating the dissociation of the P4⋅RNA complex. The frequency of events also depends on the concentration of P4 and the length of the oligoribonucleotide, thereby confirming the specificity of the P4⋅RNA events. This study shows that single‐channel current recordings can be used to monitor RNA–protein complex formation, thus opening up a new means to examine the motor activity of RNA‐ or DNA‐processing enzymes.
States of Water Located in the Continuous Organic Phase of 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate/Triton X‐100/Triethylamine Reverse Microemulsions
Authors: Li Na , Cao Quan , Gao Yanan , Zhang Jin , Zheng Liqiang , Bai Xiangtao , Dong Bin , Li Zhen , Zhao Mingwei , Yu Li 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe demonstrate a novel ionic liquid (IL) microemulsion, consisting of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmimBF4) and nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100 prepared in triethylamine which is used either as an organic solvent or a Lewis base. The effects of small amounts of added water on the microstructure of the IL microemulsion are investigated by various techniques. UV/Vis spectroscopic analysis and FTIR spectra indicate that these water molecules are not solubilized into the IL pools of the microemulsions. 1H NMR spectra further show that the added water binds with triethylamine to form a surrounding OH− base environment. Some of OH− ions enter the palisade layers of the IL microemulsions and a continuous base interface is created. The unique solubilization behavior of water reveals that it is possible to use the triethylamine microemulsions as a template to prepare metal hydroxides as well as metal oxides in the microemulsions, which is not possible when using traditional microemulsions.
A unified quality of recovery (QoR) measure
Authors: Chołda P. , Jajszczyk A. , Wajda K. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, carefully selected factors, playing an important role in the choice of recovery procedures applied in communication networks, are combined to form a unified quality of recovery measure. An example that shows how to use the proposed measure and how to draw conclusions from such numerical results is given. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(Benzimidazolylmethyl)cyclen: A Potential Sensitive Fluorescent PET Chemosensor for Zinc
Authors: El Majzoub Abir , Cadiou Cyril , Déchamps‐Olivier Isabelle , Chuburu Françoise , Aplincourt Michel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA new fluorescent probe for Zn2+, methylbenzimidazole‐pendant cyclen [LH: 1‐(benzimidazol‐2‐ylmethyl)‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane] was designed and synthesized. The protonation constants of (benzimidazolylmethyl)cyclen and the stability constants of the corresponding zinc complex were determined by potentiometric titrations. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that LH and Zn2+ form a 1:1 complex [ZnLH]2+. The results of potentiometric, 1H NMR and UV titrations indicated that above pH 8, [ZnLH]2+ mainly deprotonates into [ZnL]+. On addition of successive amounts of Zn2+ at pH 10.4 (2 × 10–2 mol L–1 CAPS, 25 °C), the fluorescence emission of cyclen(methylbenzimidazole) increases linearly by a factor of 3.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Nickel(II), Palladium(II) and Rhodium(I) Complexes of New NHC‐Thioether Ligands: Efficient Ketone Hydrosilylation Catalysis by a Cationic Rh Complex
Authors: Wolf Joffrey , Labande Agnès , Daran Jean‐Claude , Poli Rinaldo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractFive new, bifunctional imidazolium–thioether ligands of the general formula RS(CH2)n(imidazolium)+ArBr– (n = 2 or 3, R = Et or tBu, Ar = 2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl) have been synthesised in good overall yields by a general method and used as N‐heterocyclic carbene precursors for complexation studies on various transition metals (NiII, PdII and RhI). Sulfur does not coordinate the nickel centre, whereas the two functional groups bind the palladium centre to form a dinuclear compound. Cationic rhodium(I) complexes have also been prepared and preliminary catalytic tests show that they have good activity for the hydrosilylation of ketones. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Preparation and Characterization of a Ligand‐Stabilized Trimethylphosphane Dication
Authors: Weigand Jan J. , Burford Neil , Decken Andreas , Schulz Axel 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe ditriflate salt of the DMAP‐stabilized trimethylphosphane dication is formed from the reaction of chlorotrimethylphosphonium triflate with DMAP (4‐dimethylaminopyridine) in the presence of trimethylsilyltriflate and also from the reaction of DMAP‐dimethylphosphenium triflate with methyltriflate. The coordinative nature of the DMAP–phosphorus bond is demonstrated by a ligand exchange of DMAP for PMe3 to give the hexamethyldiphosphonium dication. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Highly Enantioselective Biohydrolysis of sec‐Alkyl Sulfate Esters with Inversion of Configuration Catalysed by Pseudomonas spp.
Authors: Gadler Petra , Faber Kurt 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn search of highly enantioselective microbial sec‐alkyl sulfatase activity, a broad screening among bacteria, fungi andArchaea revealed several Ralstonia and Pseudomonas spp. as valuable sources, whereas fungi were completely inactive. In particular, Pseudomonas sp. DSM 6611 was able to hydrolyse the (R) enantiomers of a broad range of rac‐sec‐alkyl sulfate esters with excellent enantioselectivities (E > 200) to furnish the corresponding inverted (S)‐sec‐alcohols in high ee's. The substrate range of this organism was remarkably broad and bulky groups were also nicely tolerated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A cell by cell anisotropic adaptive mesh ALE method
Authors: Morrell J. M. , Sweby P. K. , Barlow A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA cell by cell anisotropic adaptive mesh Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method for the solution of the Euler equations is described. An efficient approach to equipotential mesh relaxation on anisotropically refined meshes is developed. Results for two test problems are presented. © British Crown Copyright 2007/MOD. Reproduced with permission. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive‐quadrature fluctuation‐splitting schemes for the Euler equations
Authors: Nishikawa Hiroaki 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we present fluctuation‐splitting schemes that can capture an isolated shock over a suitably oriented single triangular element and also recognize a rarefaction. A particular focus is on the evaluation of the fluctuation (or the cell residual): a one‐parameter‐family quadrature rule is employed to evaluate the fluctuation, which endows the fluctuation with a wave recognition capability. The parameter value is chosen based on the nature of the nonlinear wave passing through the element, and then the resulting fluctuation is distributed to the nodes. This strategy, combined with various distribution schemes, defines a family of adaptive‐quadrature fluctuation‐splitting schemes. The results demonstrate the superior ability of the new schemes in handling nonlinear waves compared with standard fluctuation‐splitting schemes that cannot capture shocks over a single element and also admits nonphysical shocks unless some kind of entropy fix is incorporated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple treatment of non‐aligned boundaries in a Cartesian grid shallow flow model
Authors: Liang Qiuhua , Borthwick Alistair G. L. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA simple method is proposed for treating curved or irregular boundaries in Cartesian grid shallow flow models. It directly evaluates fictional values in ‘ghost’ cells adjacent to boundary cells and requires no interpolation or generation of cut cells. The boundary treatment is implemented in a dynamically adaptive quadtree grid‐based solver of the hyperbolic shallow water equations and validated against several test cases with analytical or alternative numerical solutions. The method is easy to code, accurate, and demonstrably effective in dealing with irregular computational domains in shallow flow simulations. Results are presented for still water in a basin of complicated geometry, steady hydraulic jump in an open channel with a converging sidewall, wind‐induced circulation in a circular shallow lake, and shock wave diffraction in a channel containing a contraction and expansion. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accuracy of SPH viscous flow models
Authors: Graham David I. , Hughes Jason P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we quantify how the accuracy of 1D and 2D smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of viscous diffusion depend upon (i) the mean inter‐particle distance Δx, (ii) the smoothing length h and (iii) the randomness of the particle positions. In both the 1D and 2D cases, the method converges only in the case where randomness is absent and for a few values of h/Δx including both integer (for 1D) and non‐integer values (both 1D and 2D). For any other (fixed) value of h/Δx, the method does not converge. In most cases, increasing randomness decreases the accuracy of the results, as does the ability of particles to move. Simulations using larger values of h/Δx appear to be less influenced by particle randomness and ability to move. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid increase of glial glutamate uptake via blockade of the protein kinase A pathway
Authors: Adolph Oliver , Köster Sarah , Räth Monika , Georgieff Michael , Weigt Henry U. , Engele Jürgen , Senftleben Uwe , Föhr Karl J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGlutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system. Removal of this transmitter from the synaptic cleft by glial and neuronal transporter systems plays an important role in terminating glutamatergicneurotransmission. The effects of different activators and blockers of PKA and PKC on glutamate uptake were studied in primary glial cells cultivated from the rat cortex using the patch‐clamp recording technique and immunocytochemical methods. GF 109203X enhances glutamate‐induced membrane currents in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. After pre‐application for 40 s the maximal transport capacity was increased by 30–80%. The estimatedKm‐value of the transport system did not change after drug application and the enhanced glutamate uptake was reversible within a few minutes upon washout. Activators and blockers of the PKC pathway did not affect glutamate uptake, whereas H89, a selective blocker of PKA, mimicked the effects of GF 109203X, indicating involvement of the protein kinase A pathway. The GF 109203X‐induced increase in transport capacity is likely to be mediated by GLAST since the GLT‐1 selective blocker dihydrokainate was unable to block basal or stimulated glutamate uptake. Furthermore, the increase in transport activity may well be based on an increase in cell surface expression of the transporter protein since preincubation with cytochalasin‐B, a protein that blocks actin polymerization, almost completely abolished the effect of GF 109203X and H89. These results indicate that GF 109203X and H89 enhance glial glutamate uptake via blockade of the PKA. The described effect may affect glutamatergic neurotransmission by reducing the glutamate concentration in the synaptic cleft. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health service delivery in China: a literature review
Authors: Eggleston Karen , Ling Li , Qingyue Meng , Lindelow Magnus , Wagstaff Adam 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe report the results of a review of the Chinese‐ and English‐language literatures on service delivery in China, asking how well China's health‐care providers perform and what determines their performance. Although data and methodological limitations suggest caution in drawing conclusions, a critical reading of the available evidence suggests that current health service delivery in China leaves room for improvement, in terms of quality, responsiveness to patients, efficiency, cost escalation, and equity. The literature suggests that these problems will not be solved by simply shifting ownership to the private sector or by simply encouraging providers – public and private – to compete with one another for individual patients. By contrast, substantial improvements could be (and in some places have already been) made by changing the way providers are paid – shifting away from fee‐for‐service and the distorted price schedule. Other elements of ‘active purchasing’ by insurers could further improve outcomes. Rigorous evaluations, based on richer micro‐level data, could considerably strengthen the evidence base for service delivery policy in China. Copyright © 2007 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DACH1 negatively regulates the human RANK ligand gene expression in stromal/preosteoblast cells
Authors: Sundaram Kumaran , Mani Santhosh K. , Kitatani Kazuyuki , Wu Kongming , Pestell Richard G. , Reddy Sakamuri V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractReceptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) is a critical osteoclastogenic factor that is expressed on bone marrow stromal/preosteoblast cells. Most bone resorption stimuli induce osteoclast formation by modulating RANKL expression in these cells. However, little is known about the mechanisms regulating RANKL gene expression. We recently reported that heat shock factor‐2 (HSF‐2) is a downstream target for FGF‐2 signaling to enhance RANKL gene transcription in marrow stromal/preosteoblast cells. In this study, we show that DACH1 (human homologue of Drosophila dachshund gene) negatively regulates RANKL gene expression and suppresses FGF‐2‐enhanced RANKL gene expression in these cells. DACH1 contains a conserved dachshund domain (DS) in the N‐terminal region, which interacts with the nuclear co‐repressor (NCoR) to repress gene expression. Co‐expression of DACH1 with hRANKL promoter‐luciferase reporter plasmid in normal human bone marrow‐derived stromal cells significantly decreased (3.3‐fold) FGF‐2‐stimulated hRANKL gene promoter activity. Deletion of DS domain abolished DACH1 inhibition of FGF‐2‐enhanced RANKL gene promoter activity. Western blot analysis confirmed that DACH1 suppressed FGF‐2‐stimulated RANKL expression in marrow stromal/preosteoblast cells. We show HSF‐2 co‐immune precipitated with DACH1 and that FGF‐2 stimulation significantly increased (2.7‐fold) HSF‐2 binding to DACH1. Confocal microscopy analysis further demonstrated that FGF‐2 promotes HSF‐2 nuclear transport and co‐localization with DACH1 in marrow stromal cells. Co‐expression of NCoR with DACH1 significantly decreased (5.3‐fold) and siRNA suppression of NCoR in DACH1 co‐transfected cells increased (3.6‐fold) RANKL promoter activity. Furthermore, DACH1 co‐expression with NCoR significantly decreased (7.5‐fold) RANKL mRNA expression in marrow stromal cells. Collectively, these studies indicate that NCoR participates in DACH1 repression of RANKL gene expression in marrow stromal/preosteoblast cells. Thus, DACH1 plays an important role in negative regulation of RANKL gene expression in marrow stromal/preosteoblast cells in the bone microenvironment. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1747–1759, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The integrin—growth factor receptor duet
Authors: Alam Naved , Goel Hira Lal , Zarif Matthew J. , Butterfield Julie E. , Perkins Hillary M. , Sansoucy Brian G. , Sawyer Thomas K. , Languino Lucia R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCell adhesion receptors, referred to as integrins, are recognized as key regulators of cellular processes including growth and differentiation. Integrins communicate with growth factor receptors (GFRs) to control specific cellular responses to stimuli originating in the extracellular environment. In this article, we review the role of integrins as molecular switches that modulate GFR activation and specificity. We also examine the reciprocal modulation of integrin functions by GFRs and the mechanisms through which those actions are fine‐tuned. J. Cell. Physiol. 213:649–653. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of the interaction between SNAP25 and rabphilin in neuroendocrine PC12 cells using the FLIM/FRET technique
Authors: Lee Jiung‐De , Chang Yu‐Fen , Kao Fu‐Jen , Kao Lung‐Sen , Lin Chung‐Chih , Lu Ai‐Chu , Shyu Bai‐Chuang , Chiou Shih‐Hwa , Yang De‐Ming 
Published: September 2007

AbstractExocytosis has been proposed to contain four sequential steps, namely docking, priming, fusion, and recycling, and to be regulated by various proteins–protein interactions. Synaptosomal‐associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP25) has recently been found to bind rabphilin, the Rab3A specific binding protein, in vitro. However, it is still unclear whether SNAP25 and rabphilin interact during exocytosis within cells in vivo. This problem was addressed by the integration of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with high sensitivity fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to observe this protein–protein interaction. Enhanced green fluorescence protein‐labeled SNAP25 (donor) and red fluorescence protein‐labeled rabphilin (acceptor) were expressed in neuroendocrine PC12 cells as a FRET pair and ATP stimulation was carried out for various durations. With 10 s stimulation, a 0.17‐ns left shift of the lifetime peak was found when compared with donor only. Analysis of the lifetime image further suggested that the lifetime recovered to a similar level as the donor only in a time dependent manner. Four‐dimensional (4D) images by FLIM provided useful information indicating that the interaction of SNAP25 and rabphilin occurred particularly within optical sections near cell membrane. Together the results suggest that SNAP25 bound rabphilin loosely at docking step before exocytosis and the binding became tighter at the very start of exocytosis. Finally, these two proteins dissociated after stimulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the interaction of SNAP25 and rabphilin in situ using the FLIM–FRET technique within neuroendocrine cells. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.