bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nano‐scale architecture for constant time image processing
Authors: Eshaghian‐Wilner M. M. , Khitun Alex , Navab Shiva , Wang Kang L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we study a nano‐scale highly parallel computing architecture for image processing: a reconfigurable mesh that is interconnected with ferromagnetic spin‐wave buses. In this architecture, information is encoded into the phase of the spin‐wave, and interommunications are performed without any charge transfer. This spin‐wave reconfigurable mesh, while requiring the same number of switches as standard reconfigurable mesh, is capable of simultaneously transmitting multiple waves on each of the spin‐wave paths using different frequencies. Moreover, in this architecture, the superposition characteristic of spin‐waves allows concurrent writes if all the requesting processors write a “1”. Employing these parallel features, we present three constant time image processing applications for this architecture. We show that given anN1/2×N1/2image, using aN×Nspin‐wave reconfigurable mesh, in constant time, all figures. can be labelled, and the nearest neighbour, and the convex hull of a single figure can be found. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Asymptotic analysis of a random walk on a hypercube with many dimensions
Authors: Diaconis Persi , Graham R. L. , Morrison J. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn nearest neighbor random walk on an n‐dimensional cube a particle moves to one of its nearest neighbors (or stays fixed) with equal probability. the particle starts at 0. How long does it take to reach its stationary distribution? in fact, this occurs surprisingly rapidly. Previous analysis has shown that the total variation distance to stationarity is large if the number of steps N is < 1/4n log n and close to 0 if N > 1/4n log n. This paper derives an explicit expression for the variation distance as n → ∞ in the transition region N ˜ 1/4n log n. This permits the first careful evaluation of a cutoff phenomenon observed in a wide variety of Markov chains. the argument involves Fourier analysis to express the probability as a contour integral and saddle point approximation. the asymptotic results are in good agreement with numerical results for n as small as 100.
The transitive closure of a random digraph
Authors: Karp Richard M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn a random n‐vertex digraph, each arc is present with probability p, independently of the presence or absence of other arcs. We investigate the structure of the strong components of a random digraph and present an algorithm for the construction of the transitive closure of a random digraph. We show that, when n is large and np is equal to a constant c greater than 1, it is very likely that all but one of the strong components are very small, and that the unique large strong component contains about Θ2n vertices, where Θ is the unique root in [0, 1] of the equation 1 − x − e−ex = 0. Nearly all the vertices outside the large strong component line in strong components of size 1. Provided that the expected degree of a vertex is bounded away from 1, our transitive closure algorithm runs in expected time O(n). for all choices of n and p, the expected execution time of the algorithm is O(w(n) (n log n)4/3), where w(n) is an arbitrary nondecreasing unbounded function. To circumvent the fact that the size of the transitive closure may be Ω(n2) the algorithm presents the transitive closure in the compact form (A × B)U C, where A and B are sets of vertices, and C is a set of arcs.
Quasi‐random hypergraphs
Authors: Chung F. R. K. , Graham R. L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe introduce an equivalence class of varied properties for hypergraphs. Any hypergraph possessing any one of these properties must of necessity possess them all. Since almost all random hypergraphs share these properties, we term these properties quasi‐random. With these results, it becomes quite easy to show that many natural explicit constructions result in hypergraphs which imitate random hypergraphs in a variety of ways.
On the height of randomm‐ary search trees
Authors: Devroye Luc 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA randomm‐ary seach tree is constructed from a random permutation of 1,…,n. A law of large numbers is obtained for the heightHnof these trees by applying the theory of branching random walks. in particular, it is shown thatHn/logn→γin probability asn→∞ where γ = γ(m) is a constant depending uponmonly. Interestingly, asm→∞, γ(m) is asymptotic to 1/logm, the coefficient of lognin the asymptotic expression for the height of the completem‐ary search tree. This proves that for largem, randomm‐ary search trees behave virtually like completem‐ary trees.
Random walks in a convex body and an improved volume algorithm
Authors: Lovász L. , Simonovits M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe give a randomized algorithm usingO(n7log2n) separation calls to approximate the volume of a convex body with a fixed relative error. The bound isO(n6log4n) for centrally symmpetric bodies and for polytopes with a polynomial number of facets, andO(n5log4n) for centrally symmetric polytopes with a polynomial number of facets. We also give anO(n6logn) algorithm to sample a point from the uniform distribution over a convex body. Several tools are developed that may be interesting on their own. We extend results of Sinclair–Jerrum [43] and the authors [34] on the mixing rate of Markov chains from finite to arbitrary Markov chains. We also analyze the mixing rate of various random walks on convex bodies, in particular the random walk with steps from the uniform distribution over a unit ball. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The largest connected component in a random mapping
Authors: Jaworski Jerzy , Mutafchiev Ljuben 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA random mapping (T; q) of a finite set V = {1, 2,…,n} into itself assigns independently to each i ϵ V its unique image j = TT(i)E V with probability q for i = j and with probability \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \frac{{1 - q}}{{n - 1}} $\end{document} for j ≠ i. The purpose of the article is to determine the asymptotic behaviour of the size of the largest connected component of the random digraph GT(q) representing thes mapping as n–x, regarding all possible values of the parameter q = q(n). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Can you feel the double jump?
Authors: Shelah Saharon , Spencer Joel 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWhen p = c/n and c goes from less than one to greater than one, the random graph G(n, p) experiences the double jump. The first order language is too weak to recognize this change while there are properties expressable in the second order monadic language for which the change is clear. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Changes of leadership in a random graph process
Authors: Erdös Paul , Łuczak Tomasz 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet be a random graph process in which in each step we add to a graph a new edge, chosen at random from all available pairs. Define the leader of G(n, M) as either the unique largest component or, if G(n, M) contains many components of the maximum size, the one from the largest components which emerged first during the process. We show that the longest period between two changes of leaders in the random graph process is, with probability tending to 1 as n →∞, of the order of n/log log n/log n. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Selbsterregte Schlagschwingungen von Drehflügeln bei hohem Fortschrittsgrad
Authors: Hohenemser Kurt H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie hier gegebene Theorie beschränkt sich auf den Fall von starren Blättern und gibt daher nur einen qualitativen Einblick in den Mechanismus der selbsterregten Schlagschwingung von Drehflügeln bei hohem Fortschrittsgrad. Der Einfluß der Hauptparameter und der Typus der Schlagbewegung wird jedoch erfaßt.
Stresses in thin aeolotropic disks rotating about normal axes
Authors: Gupta A. M. Sen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper two problems of rotating aeolotropic disks are considered. The first problem deals with steady rotation of an orthotropic elliptic plate whose axes are not coincident with the directions of the lines of elastic symmetry in the plate, while the second is concerned with the steady rotation of a composite circular disk which is partly isotropic and partly cylindrically aeolotropic.
The motion of an infinite cylinder in rotating non‐Newtonian liquid
Authors: Jain M. K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe two dimensional motion of an infinite cylinder is discussed in a rotating non‐Newtonian liquid by introducing second order terms in the stress‐strain velocity relations of classical hydrodynamics. It is shown here that Taylor's result for an inviscid liquid are not effected even if viscosity and cross‐viscosity are taken into consideration.
Über homogene lineare Ungleichungssysteme
Authors: Burger E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird ein Verfahren zur Lösung eines homogenen linearen Ungleichungssystems angegeben, welches darauf beruht, daß sich leicht explizit beschreiben läßt, wie sich der Lösungskegel eines solchen Ungleichungssystems ändert, Wenn eine neue Ungleichung hinzutritt. Die Beschreibung der Lösungskegel erfolgt dabei in einer Weise, die für den Fall, daß der Kegel keinen nichttrivialen linearen Teilraum enthält, in die bekannte Darstellung eines solchen Kegels durch seine extremen Strahlen übergeht.
Über Randwertprobleme bei Häuten und dünnen Schalen im Membranspannungszustand
Authors: Behlendorff Erika 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, daß sich eine positive gekrümmte dünne Schale dann und nur dann im momentlosen Spannungszustand befinden kann, wenn zwischen Flächenbelastung und Randschubspannung drei Verträglichkeitsbedingungen erfüllt sind. Diese lassen sich nach den von W. Haack und G. Hellwig für die Untersuchung von Randwertproblemen elliptischer Differentialgleichungssysteme entwickelten Methoden explizite angeben.
Stress distribution in a thin aeolotropic strip due to a nucleus of strain
Authors: Choudhury Pritindu 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMittels Fourier‐Transformation werden die Spannungen ermittelt, die sich in dünnen aeolotropen Streifen als Folge eines Dehnungszentrums in der Mitte zwischen den geraden Enden des Streifens ergeben.
Stresses in certain thin elastic plates rotating about normal axes
Authors: Gupta A. M. Sen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper a direct method for solving problems of certain thin elastic plates having curvilinear boundaries and rotating steadily about normal axes is developed. To illustrate the method the problem of a rotating thin plate having a regular curvilinear polygonal boundary, in general, is solved. Discussions of the corresponding problems of thin plates with some simpler types of boundaries are given in detail.
Numerische Integration von gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen durch Interpolation nach Hermite
Authors: Quade W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractVermöge Hermitescher Interpolation werden Polynome konstruiert, die dem Richtungsfeld der Differential‐gleichung y′ = f(x, y) angepaßt sind. Aus solchen Polynomen werden durch Anwendung von Methoden der Approximationstheorie Formeln für die numerische Integration von y′ = f(x, y) erzeugt. Die auf diese Weise erhaltenen Interpolations‐ und Extrapolationsverfahren zeichnen sich durch große Genauigkeit aus.
Die Deutung bestimmter ebener Eigenspannungszustände als Membranspannungen
Authors: Hieke Max 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Nichterfüllung der Kompatibilitätsbedingungen kann als Krümmung des geometrischen Raumes gedeutet werden. Eine Darstellung dieser Auslegung ist im Raume unmöglich. Bei zweidimensionalen Formänderungsproblemen, die den Verträglichkeitsbedingungen in der Ebene nicht genügen kann man die Flächen‐elemente in einigen Fällen auf angebbare Weise spannungslos aneinandersetzen. Man muß nur die Membran geeignet krümmen.
Differenzenverfahren für die 1. Randwertaufgabe mit krummlinigen Rändern bei Δu(x, y) = r(x, y, u)
Authors: Albrecht J. , Uhlmann U. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs werden finite Gleichungen aufgestellt für die 1. Randwertaufgabe bei der Differentialgleichung Δu(x, y) = r (x, y, u), und zwar insbesondere für randnahe Rechenpunkte bei krummlinigen Rändern. Man erhält so für die praktische Anwendung wichtige Verallgemeinerungen der bekannten gewöhnlichen Differenzenverfahren und der Mehrstellenverfahren. Für vier‐, sechs‐ und achteckige Sterne wird jeweils eine vollständige Übersicht über alle Möglichkeiten des Taylor‐Abgleichs gegeben.
Retarded Flow Past a Semi‐Infinite Plane. Solution of a Non‐Linear Ordinary Differential Equation
Authors: Meksyn D. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe partial differential equation of the laminar boundary‐layer for the function f(ξ, η), where ξ and η are taken along and normal to the boundary, f(ξ, η) being associated with the stream function of the boundary‐layer, can be reduced to a non‐linear ordinary differential equation in \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ a(\xi) = \left({\frac{{\partial ^2 f}}{{\partial \eta ^2}}} \right)_{\eta = 0} $\end{document} [i. e. a(ξ) is proportional to the viscous force]; this equation can be solved step by step.In the present paper the equation in a(ξ) is solved in power series of ξ, for the case of a retarded flow past a semi‐infinite plane. The main difficulty of the solution is that the equation in a(ξ) is divergent.To find the value of a(ξ), corresponding to the convergent equation from which the divergent equation is obtained, use is made of Euler's transformation.
Die Totalreflexion einer kugelförmigen Kompressionsfront an der Trennungsebene zweier elastischer Medien
Authors: Hasselmann K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs werden sämtliche bei der Totalreflexion auftretenden Stoßfronten — einschließlich der v. Schmidtschen Kopfwellen — ermittelt. Durch Änderung der Bezeichnung erhält man gleichzeitig die Totalreflexion einer harmonischen Kugelwelle. Das Problem wird in der akustischen Näherung (kleine Störfelder) behandelt.
Einige gemischte Randbedingungen anisotroper Platten
Authors: Brilla Jozef 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird eine unendliche elastische anisotrope Halbplatte y > 0 mit gemischten Randbedingungen untersucht. Die Halbplatte ist am Rande abwechselnd eingespannt und frei drehbar gelagert. Mit Hilfe der allgemeinen Lösung einer unendlichen anisotropen Halbplatte mit am Rande gegebenen ersten Ableitungen der Durchbiegung, die mittels des Verfahrens der Fourierintegrale gegeben ist, wird eine singuläre Integralgleichung für diese Randbedingungen abgeleitet. Nach der Zurückführung des Problems auf die Hilbert‐Riemannsche, Aufgabe werden die allgemeine Lösung für n Abschnitte des frei drehbar gelagerten Randes und die Lösungen für verschiedene Belastungsfälle der Halbplatte mit einem frei drehbar gelagerten Abschnitt des Randes untersucht.
Geometrische Untersuchungen über Nomogramme für elliptische Integrale erster Gattung und Jacobische elliptische Funktionen II
Authors: Reutter F. , Reutter F. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIm Anschluß an Teil I werden hier insbesondere Untersuchungen über die zweckmäßige Formgebung von Nomogrammen elliptischer Funktionen angestellt.
The Use of Poisson's Ratio in Studying Certain Non‐Homogeneous Elastic Inclusions
Authors: Knops R. J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe elastic field is established for non‐homogeneous inclusions bonded to a non‐homogeneous, arbitrarily stressed matrix whose Poisson's ratio but not shear modulus is different to those of the inclusions. The procedure adopted examines the difference in the unperturbed and perturbed states of the matrix and enables the discontinuities in the stresses and strains to be found. Incompressible media are discussed and show that slight modifications are required to the theory. A new problem is solved for the single ellipsoidal inclusion and relations with other topics are noted.
Über den beginnenden plastischen Zustand bei unter innerem Überdruck stehenden Rohren
Authors: Németi Ladislaus 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird eine neue Bedingung für zulässige Beanspruchungen der über die Elastizitätsgrenze beanspruchten Bauteile vorgeschlagen. Und zwar soll die größte auftretende bleibende Verformung die Belastungsgrenze bestimmen. Als Anwendung wird das unter innerem Überdruck stehende Rohr untersucht und der Begriff einer praktisch brauchbaren ideellen Spannung eingeführt.
Über Geradenhüllbahnen einer Konchoidenbewegung
Authors: Bereis R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn nachstehender Arbeit werden Geradenhüllbahnen bei Konchoidenbewegungen betrachtet, also bei jenen ebenen Zwangsläufen, bei denen eine Gerade der Gangebene während des ganzen Bewegungsablaufes durch einen festen Punkt der Rastebene gleitet. Die Eigenschaften der Geradenhüllbahnen werden durch räumliche Betrachtung mit Hilfe der Netzprojektion abgeleitet. Schließlich werden Aussagen über Geradenhüllbahnen bei speziellen Getrieben gemacht, insbesondere bei der Kurbelschleife und bei dem Schleifschieber.
Schiffswellen als Beispiel für die Wellenausbreitung in anisotropen, dispergierenden Medien
Authors: Becker E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Geometrie der Wellenbilder, die man z. B. auf der freien Oberfläche eines Stromes schwerer Flüssigkeit bei punktförmiger, harmonischer Störung beobachten kann, werden durch Zurückführung auf allgemeine Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Wellenausbreitung in anisotropen, dispergierenden Medien erklärt. Hierbei wird an Begriffsbildungen angeknüpft, wie sie in ähnlicher Form u. a. aus der Optik anisotroper Medien bekannt sind.
Interactions between fat crystal networks and sodium caseinate at the sunflower oil‐water interface
Authors: Ogden Leanne G. , Rosenthal Andrew J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA Couette‐type torsion wire surface shear viscometer was used to measure the apparent interfacial shear viscosity of pH 7 (I=0.05 M) buffered solutions of sodium caseinate in contact with sunflower oil. The sunflower oil contained 1% fat crystals in either the β or β′ polymorphic form, or was crystal free. In all cases, the fat crystals increased the interfacial shear viscosity synergistically, with the β′ crystals causing the biggest increase. Substituting the protein for a small‐molecule surfactant (Tween‐40) showed that this was not simply due to the protein lowering the interfacial tension. Sedimentation studies of the different fat crystal slurries suggested that the extent of the interfacial shear viscosity increase was related to the strength of crystal‐crystal interactions in the oil phase. It seems likely that when protein is present at the interface, it fixes the adsorbed layer of fat crystals to the cross‐linked protein film at the interface. When this film was sheared, the strength of the crystal‐crystal interactions in the oil phase became important. However, when Tween‐40 was in the aqueous phase instead of the protein, the crystal‐crystal interactions were not relevant, presumably because the Tween‐40 interfacial film simply flowed around the adsorbed crystals
Effect of fatty acid positional distribution and triacylglycerol composition on lipid by‐products formation during heat treatment: I. polymer formation
Authors: Martin J. C. , Dobarganes M. C. , Nour M. , Marquez‐Ruiz G. , Christie W. W. , Lavillonnière F. , Sébédio J.L 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEffects of the fatty acid positional distribution and of the triacylglycerol (TG) composition on polymerization of TG during heat treatment were studied. Diacid TG molecules, acylated only with linoleic acid or linolenic acid along with palmitic acid, and positioned either in the central position (PLP and PLnP, respectively) or in one of the two outer positions (PPL and PPLn, respectively) were synthesized. Monoacid TG, i.e., trilinolein and trilinolenin, were also synthesized and mixed with tripalmitin in a 1:2 ratio. These model TG were also compared to TG models that consisted of a canola oil and its randomized counterpart, whose fatty acid positional distribution and TG composition were determined by means of high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After heating, the polymer content and composition were evaluated by HPLC‐size exclusion chromatography. Both pure TG and the canola oil models showed that acylation of polyunsaturated acids in the central position was protective against polymerization, although the effect was mainly observed with linolenic acid. The synthetic‐TG study showed that the monoacid TG species exhibited higher sensitivity toward polymerization than the diacid species. The slight differences in the TG species between both canola oils did not allow observation of such a relationship with regard to TG composition.
Effects of oilseed storage proteins on aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Mellon Jay E. , Cotty Peter J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPotential involvement of seed storage proteins in susceptibility to aflatoxin contamination was assessed with in vitro tests. Initially, two oilseed storage proteins [cottonseed storage protein (CSP) and zein] were compared with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and collagen. Supplementation of a complete defined medium with either oilseed storage protein resulted in significantly more aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus than supplementation with either BSA or collagen. Little or no aflatoxin was produced when either BSA, CSP, or zein was employed (at 0.5%) as both the sole carbon and the sole nitrogen source. Media with collagen (0.5%) as the sole nitrogen and carbon source supported aflatoxin production similar to the complete defined medium. Although lower than levels observed with defined medium, aflatoxin production increased with both increasing CSP concentration (0 to 2.0%) and increasing zein concentration (0 to 6.0%) when these proteins served as both the sole carbon and sole nitrogen source. Denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and protease activity assays indicated that fungal acquisition of protein carbon was probably via hydrolysis mediated by the 35 kD metalloprotease of A. flavus. Media lacking nitrogen but containing sucrose (5.0%) and supplemented with either zein (1.7%) or CSP (2.0%) supported three‐ to eightfold more aflatoxin production than the complete defined medium. The results suggest seed storage proteins, when present with an accessible carbon source, may predispose oilseed crops to support production of high levels of aflatoxins by A. flavus during seed infection.
Production of specific‐structured lipids by enzymatic interesterification: Elucidation of Acyl migration by response surface design
Authors: Xu X. , Skands A. R. H. , Høy C. ‐E. , Mu H. , Balchen S. , Adler‐Nissen J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractProduction of specific‐structured lipids (SSL) by lipase‐catalyzed interesterification has been attracting more and more attention recently. However, it was found that acyl migration occurs during the reaction and causes the production of by‐products. In this paper, the elucidation of acyl migration by response surface design was carried out in the Lipozyme IM (Rhizomucor miehei)‐catalyzed interesterification between rapeseed oil and capric acid in solvent‐free media. A five‐factor response surface design was used to evaluate the influence of five major factors and their relationships. The five factors, water content, reaction temperature, enzyme load, reaction time and substrate ratio, were varied at three levels together with two star points. All parameters besides substrate ratio had strong positive influences on acyl migration, and reaction temperature was most significant. The contour plots clearly show the interactions between the parameters. The migration rates of different fatty acids were also compared from three different sets of experiments during the lipase‐catalyzed reaction. The best‐fitting quadratic response surface model was determined by regression and backward elimination. The coefficients of determination (R2) of the model were 0.996 and 0.981 for Q2 value. The results show that the fitted quadratic model satisfactorily expresses acyl migration for the enzymatic interesterification in the batch reactor used.