bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer patterns in nasopharyngeal carcinoma multiplex families in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Kelly J. , Hsu Wan‐Lun , Chiang Chun‐Ju , Cheng Yu‐Juen , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Diehl Scott R. , Goldstein Alisa M. , Gravitt Patti E. , Chen Chien‐Jen , Hildesheim Allan 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGenetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a tumor known to be closely associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. Studies have reported familial aggregation of NPC and have suggested the possible aggregation of NPC and other cancers. We evaluated familial aggregation of cancer in 358 high‐risk families with two or more NPC cases enrolled in a NPC genetics study in Taiwan. Participants were linked to the Taiwan National Cancer Registry to identify incident cancers diagnosed after study enrollment (started in 1996) and before December 31, 2005, or death. In total, 2,870 individuals from the NPC Multiplex Family Study contributed 15,151 person‐years over an average of 5.3 years of follow‐up. One hundred ten incident cancers were identified. Multiple‐primary standardized incidence ratios (MP‐SIRs) were computed to evaluate overall cancer risk associated with infectious agents and with other tumors. The overall MP‐SIR was 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1–1.6), which was largely explained by an excess in NPC (MP‐SIR = 15; 95% CI: 10–23). Exclusion of incident NPC diagnoses led to an overall MP‐SIR of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.83–1.3). Similarly, the observed excess risk of cancers associated with infectious agents (MP‐SIR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5–2.6) was driven by the excess in NPC; exclusion of NPC cases led to a reduced MP‐SIR that did not differ from 1.0. Analysis of the largest NPC multiplex family study to date confirms the presence of coaggregation of NPC within families in Taiwan but does not provide evidence for a broader familial syndrome involving NPC and other tumors. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tetrandrine suppresses tumor growth and angiogenesis of gliomas in rats
Authors: Chen Yun , Chen Jin‐Cherng , Tseng Sheng‐Hong 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTetrandrine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has antitumor effects against some cancers, but its effects on gliomas are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of tetrandrine on the growth and angiogenesis of rat RT‐2 gliomas. We treated RT‐2 glioma cells with tetrandrine and then measured cytotoxicity, apoptosis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We also examined the cytotoxic effect of tetrandrine on the ECV304 human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the effects of tetrandrine on the in vivo angiogenesis. Tumor size and animal survival were followed in tetrandrine‐treated rats with subcutaneous or intracerebral gliomas. Expression of CD31 in tetrandrine‐treated gliomas was followed to study its effect on glioma‐induced angiogenesis. Tetrandrine had cytotoxic effects and induced apoptosis of glioma cells in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner. Tetrandrine also inhibited the expression of VEGF in glioma cells, induced cytotoxicity effect on the ECV304 cells and suppressed the in vivo angiogenesis. Tetrandrine (150 mg/kg/day) had significant antitumor effects on subcutaneous tumors and led to slower tumor growth rate, longer animal survival time and higher animal survival (p < 0.05). Tetrandrine also affected intracerebral tumors and prolonged animal survival (p < 0.05) without affecting survival rate. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that the subcutaneous gliomas from tetrandrine‐treated rats had fewer microvessel densities than control rats (p = 0.01). The results demonstrate that tetrandrine is cytotoxic to RT‐2 glioma cells, has antitumor effects on subcutaneous and intracerebral gliomas, and inhibits angiogenesis in subcutaneous gliomas. Tetrandrine has potential as a treatment for gliomas. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization and cytocompatibility of nano‐hydroxyapatite/chitosan bone cement with the addition of calcium salts
Authors: Zou Qin , Li Yubao , Zhang Li , Zuo Yi , Li Junfeng , Li Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn the present study, a calcium carbonate and calcium oxide loaded nano‐hydroxyapatite/chitosan bone cement was developed and its in vitro cell responses were investigated. The physico‐chemical properties were represented in terms of setting time, compressive strength, and wettability. The results show that the setting time is about 15 min, the compressive strength is up to 17.80 ± 0.45 MPa throughout the immersion period, and the static contact angle of the cement against water is 33.5° ± 2.7°, indicating that the cement has good setting time, compressive strength, and wettability. Cytocompatibility test using human MG63 cells reveals a favorable cell viability and increased proliferation over a period of 11 days in culture. The composition and hydrophilic nature of the cement provide a friendly environment for the attachment and growth of cells. The novel composite bone cement could be useful in moderate stress‐bearing applications of bone repair. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Morphology and estrogen receptor α mRNA expression in the developing green anole forebrain
Authors: Beck Laurel Amanda , Wade Juli 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSex differences in forebrain morphology arise during development and are often linked to hormonal changes. These dimorphisms frequently occur in regions related to reproductive behaviors. Little is known about the normal ontogeny of reproductive nuclei in the green anole lizard, including whether steroid hormones influence their development. To address this issue, brain region volume, cell density, soma size, and estrogen receptor α (ERα) mRNA expression were characterized in the preoptic area (POA), ventromedial amygdala (AMY), and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) of late embryonic and early post‐hatchling anoles. In adulthood, the POA and AMY are associated with male‐specific reproductive behaviors and the VMH is implicated in female receptivity. Although soma size decreased in all brain regions with age, brain region volume diminished only in the POA, with a transient sex difference appearing before hatching. Cell density increased with age only in the female AMY. ERα mRNA expression was up to four times greater in the developing VMH than POA and AMY, peaking in the VMH around the day of hatching. These results are consistent with the idea that estradiol may influence differentiation of the VMH in particular. However, other factors are likely important to the development of these three brain regions, some of which exert their effects at later developmental stages. J. Exp. Zool. 311A:162–171, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incorporating context in linking crimes: an exploratory study of situational similarity and if‐then contingencies
Authors: Woodhams Jessica , Hollin Clive , Bull Ray 
Published: December 2008

AbstractPersonality psychologists have suggested that the context of a behaviour should be considered in studying behavioural consistency. They have operationalised this as studying ‘if (situation)–then (behaviour)’ contingencies and have demonstrated an association between situational similarity and behavioural consistency. Previous research of behavioural consistency in the forensic setting has tended to focus exclusively on the ‘then (behaviour)’ part of the contingency—the offender's behaviour. This paper considers methodological approaches that might be used to investigate whether situational similarity is associated with behavioural consistency, and to develop if–then contingencies. Seventy‐eight offences by stranger sex offenders were subjected to constant comparison framework analysis to develop an offender behaviour checklist and a victim behaviour checklist, and a combination of constant comparison framework analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to develop victim behavioural themes. Consistency in offender behaviour and similarity in victim behavioural themes (representing situational similarity) were measured using Jaccard's coefficient for offence pairs within 13 solved series of stranger sexual assaults. Correlational analyses were used to assess the relationship between situational similarity and behavioural consistency. Contrary to expectations, no relationship was found. The utility of linguistic computational programs in creating if(victim behaviour)–then(offender behaviour) contingencies was tested with encouraging results. However, little evidence of consistency in if(victim behaviour)–then(offender behaviour) contingencies was found within the offence series. Explanations are proposed for these novel findings and avenues for future research are suggested. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reinterpreting Rotherslade, Gower Peninsula: implications for Last Glacial ice limits and Quaternary stratigraphy of the British Isles
Authors: Hiemstra John F. , Rijsdijk Kenneth F. , Shakesby Richard A. , McCarroll Danny 
Published: December 2008

AbstractRotherslade on the Gower Peninsula in south Wales has been viewed as a key site for the reconstruction of Quaternary depositional environments in the British Isles. Since the early 20th century, and certainly since the 1980s, the accepted view has been that Rotherslade is the most westerly location on the south Gower coast where there is in situ basal till exposed and that, logically, this location marks the position of the LGM ice limit. However, reinvestigation of the sediments and their architecture, and analysis of clast fabrics and thin sections of critical sedimentary units, show that none of the exposed sediments has properties diagnostic of subglacial deposition or deformation. We postulate here that LGM ice terminated at the western side of Swansea Bay, a few kilometres to the north‐east of Rotherslade, and propose that the sedimentary sequence comprises Early to Middle Devensian periglacial sediments, overlain by a complex of Late Devensian, ice‐proximal outwash fan deposits, an assemblage of paraglacial debris and, finally, periglacial mass movement deposits. The proposed repositioning of the Late Devensian ice limit and the associated new subaerial interpretation of the sediments suggest that a reassessment of sedimentary sequences (Hunts Bay, Western Slade) and landforms (Paviland Moraine) farther west on Gower, which have attained similar stratigraphical status, is now warranted. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Residual disease after re‐excision lumpectomy for close margins
Authors: Sabel Michael S. , Rogers Kendra , Griffith Kent , Jagsi Reshma , Kleer Celina G. , Diehl Kathleen A. , Breslin Tara M. , Cimmino Vincent M. , Chang Alfred E. , Newman Lisa A. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIntroductionWhile a positive margin after an attempt at breast conservation therapy (BCT) is a reason for concern, there is more controversy regarding close margins. When re‐excisions are performed, there is often no residual disease in the new specimen, calling into question the need for the procedure. We sought to examine the incidence of residual disease after re‐excision for close margins and to identify predictive factors that may better select patients for re‐excision.MethodsOur IRB‐approved prospective breast cancer database was queried for all breast cancer patients who underwent a re‐excision lumpectomy for either close or positive margins after an attempt at BCT. Close margins are defined as ≤2 mm for invasive carcinoma and ≤3 mm for DCIS. Clinicopathologic features were correlated with the presence of residual disease in the re‐excision specimen.ResultsThree hundred three patients (32%) underwent re‐operation for either close (173) or positive (130) margins. Overall, 33% had residual disease identified, 42% of DCIS patients and 29% of patients with invasive disease, nearly identical to patients with positive margins. For patients with DCIS, only younger age was significantly related to residual disease. For patients with invasive cancer, only multifocality was significantly associated with residual disease (OR 3.64 [1.26–10.48]). However, patients without multifocality still had a substantial risk of residual disease.DiscussionThe presence of residual disease appears equal between re‐excisions for close and positive margins. No subset of patients with either DCIS or invasive cancer could be identified with a substantially lower risk of residual disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;99: 99–103. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimating Olympic‐related investment and expenditure
Authors: Li ShiNa , Blake Adam 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe analysis of the impact of mega events has included frameworks that evaluate different impacts under different criteria, for example, separating impacts according to whether they occur before, during or after the event itself. Analysis of the economic impacts of such events has shown that the distributional effects between the host city and the rest of an economy can be important, and can have opposite signs. This paper introduces frameworks to show the origin of the economic scale, that is, Olympic‐related investment and expenditure, and shows how the frameworks can be used with reference to the Beijing 2008 Olympics. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cellular responses on anodized titanium discs after laser irradiation
Authors: Lee Joo‐Hee , Heo Seong‐Joo , Koak Jai‐Young , Kim Seong‐Kyun , Lee Shin‐Jae , Lee Seok‐Hyung 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough the laser is one of the widely used systems in dental field, literature about the biological effects of laser irradiation on the titanium surface is rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of osteoblast‐like cells seeded onto laser irradiated anodized titanium discs, using a CO2 (carbon dioxide) and Er,Cr:YSGG (erbium chromium‐doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet) laser, with reference to cellular proliferation and differentiation in vitro.Study Design/Materials and MethodsOsteoblast‐like HOS cells were cultured on four differently treated anodized titanium disc surfaces. Group 1, anodized (control); group 2, CO2 laser irradiated; group 3, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiated (150 J/cm2); group 4, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiated (300 J/cm2). MTS‐based cell proliferation assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test were used to compare cellular responses after 1 and 3 days. Three‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc method were carried out to determine the statistical significance of the differences.ResultsThe cells proliferated actively on all substrates; greatest cellular proliferation was observed in group 4, followed by groups 2, 3, and 1, respectively (P<0.05). The test groups also presented significantly higher ALP activities than the control group (P<0.05) except group 3. For both tests, measured optical densities at 3 days were greater than that of 1 day in control and all test groups (P<0.001).ConclusionThe data shows that irradiation with a CO2 laser or Er,Cr:YSGG laser may induce a measurable positive effect on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Lasers Surg. Med. 40:738–742, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrasound guidance and monitoring of laser‐based fat removal
Authors: Shah Jignesh , Thomsen Sharon , Milner Thomas E. , Emelianov Stanislav Y. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe report on a study to investigate feasibility of utilizing ultrasound imaging to guide laser removal of subcutaneous fat. Ultrasound imaging can be used to identify the tissue composition and to monitor the temperature increase in response to laser irradiation.Study Design/Materials and MethodsLaser heating was performed on ex vivo porcine subcutaneous fat through the overlying skin using a continuous wave laser operating at 1,210 nm optical wavelength. Ultrasound images were recorded using a 10 MHz linear array‐based ultrasound imaging system.ResultsUltrasound imaging was utilized to differentiate between water‐based and lipid‐based regions within the porcine tissue and to identify the dermis‐fat junction. Temperature maps during the laser exposure in the skin and fatty tissue layers were computed.ConclusionsResults of our study demonstrate the potential of using ultrasound imaging to guide laser fat removal. Lasers Surg. Med. 40:680–687, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Getting a feel for price affect: A conceptual framework and empirical investigation of consumers' emotional responses to price information
Authors: Peine Klaus , Heitmann Mark , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBehavioral pricing research is cognitively biased. Therefore, the research agenda for this paper is to examine consumers' emotional responses to price information, or price affect. A conceptual framework of price affect based on appraisal theory is proposed. Moreover, a psychometric measure of price affect capturing positive and negative emotions is derived. A field experiment involving N = 1533 consumers reveals that a price increase leads to changes in price affect. Also, negative price affect is related to passive consumer behavior, whereas positive price affect is associated with proactive consumer behavior. Yet, a price increase reduces the importance of price affect in predicting consumer behavior. In addition, both price cognitions and price affect mediate the effect of a price increase on consumer behavior. Consistent with appraisal theory, a price increase exerts its causal influence on price affect through changes in price cognitions. Similarly, price affect mediates the effect of price cognitions on consumer behavior. Finally, price affect improves the prediction of consumer behavior beyond price cognitions. Results suggest that price affect is a stand alone, previously overlooked predictor of consumer behavior. Implications are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The perfect gift card: An exploration of teenagers' gift card associations
Authors: Tuten Tracy L. , Kiecker Pamela 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis study provides new insights into the meaning and value of gift cards in gift exchange among teenagers who gave and/or received gift cards during the Christmas/Hanukkah season. From their reflections of the reasons for giving gift cards and their feelings about receiving gift cards from others, the social roles played out in buying gift cards as a gift selection strategy are assessed and the values associated with gift cards explored. The results suggest that givers playing the roles of acknowledger and pleaser are heavy gift card givers when buying gifts for difficult recipients. Acknowledgers incorporate gift cards into existing strategies for gift selection (especially “settle,” “pawn off,” and “buy relationship affirming gifts”), but for pleasers, buying gift cards may be part of a new gift selection strategy—“play it safe.” Importantly, although gift cards can reflect economic, social, and functional value, the giving of gift cards seems to result in a new form of value for the recipients—the value of choice, which occurs when the control over gift selection is transferred from giver to receiver. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enniatins A1, B and B1 from an endophytic strain of Fusarium tricinctum induce apoptotic cell death in H4IIE hepatoma cells accompanied by inhibition of ERK phosphorylation
Authors: Wätjen Wim , Debbab Abdessamad , Hohlfeld Anke , Chovolou Yvonni , Kampkötter Andreas , Edrada Ru Angelie , Ebel Rainer , Hakiki Abdelhak , Mosaddak Mahjouba , Totzke Frank , Kubbutat Michael H. G. , Proksch Peter 
Published: December 2008

AbstractEnniatins are mycotoxins which have important impact on human health, e.g. as contaminants of cereals, but also are discussed as possible anticancer agents. We investigated toxic effects of enniatins A1, B and B1 isolated from Fusarium tricinctum on different cancer cell lines. The enniatins showed moderate activity in HepG2 and C6 cells (EC50‐values approximately 10–25 μM), but were highly toxic in H4IIE cells (EC50‐values approximately 1–2.5 μM). In H4IIE cells, all enniatins increased caspase 3/7 activity and nuclear fragmentation as markers for apoptotic cell death. Enniatin A1, enniatin B1, and, to a lesser extent, also enniatin B decreased the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) (p44/p42), a mitogen‐activated protein kinase which is associated with cell proliferation. Furthermore, enniatins A1 and B1, but not enniatin B were able to inhibit moderately tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α)‐induced NF‐κB activation. Screening of 24 additional protein kinases involved in signal transduction pathways (cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and metastasis) showed no inhibitory activity of enniatins. We conclude that enniatins A1 and B1 and, to a lesser extent, enniatin B may possess anticarcinogenic properties by induction of apoptosis and disruption of ERK signalling pathway. Further analysis of these substances is necessary to analyse their usefulness for cancer therapy.
Oxidative in vitro metabolism of the Alternaria toxins altenuene and isoaltenuene
Authors: Pfeiffer Erika , Herrmann Carina , Altemöller Martina , Podlech Joachim , Metzler Manfred 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe mycotoxins altenuene (ALT) and isoaltenuene (iALT) frequently occur in food and feed items infested by fungi of the genus Alternaria, but nothing is known about their oxidative metabolism in mammals. We have therefore incubated ALT and iALT with microsomes from rat liver in the presence of a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)‐generating system and analyzed the extracted metabolites with HPLC and GC‐MS after trimethylsilylation. Both toxins formed a major metabolite, which was tentatively identified as the 8‐hydroxylation product by GC‐MS analysis and by its methylation by the enzyme catechol‐O‐methyltransferase. Three minor metabolites were tentatively identified as 10‐hydroxy‐ and two stereoisomers of 4‐hydroxy‐ALT and –iALT. The same metabolic pattern was observed in microsomes from different rat strains and from pigs and humans. Moreover, incubation of ALT with rat liver slices provided evidence that the same oxidative metabolites were formed under in vivo‐like conditions. Thus, ALT and iALT exhibit a considerable propensity for undergoing metabolic hydroxylation reactions, and the toxicological properties of the oxidative metabolites should now be studied.
The effects of green tea (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate on reactive oxygen species in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes depend on the glutathione and 67 kDa laminin receptor pathways
Authors: Wang Chih‐Ting , Chang Hsin‐Huei , Hsiao Chiao‐Hsin , Lee Meng‐Jung , Ku Hui‐Chen , Hu Yu‐Jung , Kao Yung‐Hsi 
Published: December 2008

AbstractGreen tea (–)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is known as to regulate obesity and fat cell activity. However, little information is known about the effects of EGCG on oxidative reactive oxygen species (ROS) of fat cells. Using 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes, we found that EGCG increased ROS production in dose‐ and time‐dependent manners. The concentration of EGCG that increased ROS levels by 180–500% was approximately 50 μM for a range of 8–16 h of treatment. In contrast, EGCG dose‐ and time‐dependently decreased the amount of intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. EGCG was more effective than (–)‐epicatechin, (–)‐epicatechin‐3‐gallate, and (–)‐epigallocatechin in changing ROS and GSH levels. This suggests a catechin‐specific effect. To further examine the relation of GSH to ROS as altered by EGCG, we observed that exposure of preadipocytes and adipocytes to N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (a GSH precursor) blocked the EGCG‐induced increases in ROS levels and decreases in GSH levels. These observations suggest a GSH‐dependent effect of EGCG on ROS production. While EGCG was demonstrated to alter levels of ROS and GSH, its signaling was altered by an EGCG receptor (the so‐called 67 kDa laminin receptor(67LR)) antiserum, but not by normal rabbit serum. These data suggest that EGCG mediates GSH and ROS levels via the 67LR pathway.