bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifeguard Pharmacy - A feasibility trial of a novel pharmacy-based intervention for people experiencing domestic abuse and/or suicidal ideation.
Authors: Solomon Josie , Barcelos Ana Maria , Barnes Rebecca , Gorton Hayley , Latham-Green Tracey , Knapp Peter , Henderson Claire , Rowan Elise , Baines Darrin , Law Graham , Gussy Mark 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Domestic abuse (DA) and suicidal ideation (SI) are highly prevalent in the United Kingdom, often co-occurring. Numerous practical and psychosocial barriers inhibit help-seeking. This study explored whether community pharmacy could offer an accessible setting for a DA and SI response service.
Methods
12 pharmacies were recruited from one pharmacy organisation, randomised into 8 intervention pharmacies and 4 controls. 37 pharmacy staff were recruited as participants and trained to deliver the Lifeguard Pharmacy intervention, which involved providing a consultation and structured referral or signposting to customers identified as experiencing DA and/or SI. Participants’ learning from the training was evaluated using the validated CPD reaction questionnaire, analysed using a Paired T-Test The intervention ran from January to July 2023 and was accompanied by a nested process evaluation consisting of staff focus groups and a multi-stakeholder final evaluation workshop with a mix of lay, pharmacy staff and representatives from referral organisations. Data was collected on number and category of client contacts from intervention and control pharmacies; descriptive analyses were performed.
Results
After intervention training, pharmacy staff showed statistically significant improvements in their levels of perceived ability, ease and confidence in responding to and referring people in need of help for DA and SI with increased confidence in the ability of other pharmacy staff to support DA and SI. Staff responded to 24 cases in intervention pharmacies: 8 for suicidal ideation, 9 for domestic abuse and 7 for both domestic abuse and suicidal ideation. Of these, 22 were staff-initiated and two were patient-initiated. Two cases (1 x SI and 1 x DA) were identified in control pharmacies. Staff participants had a positive perception of the service and its impact on them and their clients. The multi-stakeholder workshop findings confirmed the feasibility of a staff-initiated response service for both DA and SI in a community pharmacy setting.
Conclusions
It is feasible to implement a staff-initiated response service for DA and/or SI in selected pharmacies. The combination of staff training, consultation guide, referral tool and client support resources and organisational support empowered staff to proactively identify people experiencing DA and/or SI.
Winding process of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes with integrated tape production through in-situ roving impregnation and infrared consolidation
Authors: Siegl Marco , Jungbauer Bastian , Gebhardt Jakob , Judenmann Anna , Ehrlich Ingo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The present paper takes a novel approach to production of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes. The method begins with the raw materials, reinforcing fibre and thermoplastic granulate which are processed to tapes through a newly developed direct impregnation process. It is followed by consolidation of fibre-reinforced thermoplastic tubes using infrared (IR) emitters in the filament winding process. This process employs various angles and utilizes a rotatable consolidation axis. The winding process operates at a constant speed, addressing the challenge of bending the fibre-reinforced tapes in the angle reversal areas near the tube ends. Experiments have confirmed that the process can run at speeds reaching approximately 470 mm/min. The design of the impregnation line takes into account the properties of the thermoplastic and the roving, allowing for a speed of up to 1 m/s.
Acute effects of bolus water intake on post-exercise orthostatic hypotension and cardiovascular hemodynamics
Authors: Tajima Yuki , Komiyama Mayu , Mimura Naoya , Yamamoto Maika , Fukuie Marina , Suzuki Rina , Matsushima Shinya , Hirasawa Ai , Shibata Shigeki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Water intake is known to be effective to prevent orthostatic hypotension (OH). However, it is unknown whether water intake would be effective in acutely preventing exercise-induced OH.
Methods
Fourteen adults (men/women:7/7, age: 20±8 years old) were recruited. Each subject underwent two protocols with and without 500ml water intake using a randomized crossover design (Water vs. Control). They underwent 30 minutes of cycle ergometry at the 60-70% predicted VO2 max. The OH and hemodynamics were assessed before and after exercise, and immediately (Water 1) and 20 minutes (Water 2) after the water intake. The OH was evaluated with a one-minute standing test as the criteria of SBP<90mmHg. The cross-spectral analysis for RR and SBP variabilities was used to evaluate the cardiac autonomic activity and baroreflex sensitivity.
Results
In both protocols, the incidence of OH increased after the exercise. The incidence of OH was lower in Water than in Control at Water 1 (OR: 0.093, 95% CI: 0.015-0.591). HR was lower and SBP was higher in Water than in Control at Water 1 and 2 (P<0.05). High-frequency power of RR variability and transfer function gains in Water were normalized and higher than in Control at Water 1 and 2 (P<0.05). The ratio of low to high-frequency power of RR variability in Water was normalized and lower in Water than in Control at Water 1 (P<0.05).
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that water intake may acutely prevent exerciseinduced OH, accompanied by normalized cardiac autonomic activity and baroreflex sensitivity.
The association between county-level premature cardiovascular mortality related to cardio-kidney-metabolic disease and the social determinants of health in the US
Authors: Cotton Antoinette , Salerno Pedro RVO , Deo Salil V , Virani Salim , Nasir Khurram , Neeland Ian , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Sattar Naveed , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Elgudin Yakov E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is defined by the American Heart Association as the intersection between metabolic, renal and cardiovascular disease. Understanding the contemporary estimates of CKM related mortality and recent trends in the US is essential for developing targeted public interventions. We collected state-level and county-level CKM-associated age-adjusted premature cardiovascular mortality (aaCVM) (2010–2019) rates from the CDC Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER). We linked the county-level aaCVM with a multi-component social deprivation metric: the Social Deprivation Index (SDI: range 0–100) and grouped them as follows: I: 0–20, II: 21–40, III: 41–60, IV: 61–80, and V: 81–100. We conducted pair-wise comparison of aaCVM between SDI groups with the multiplicity adjusted Wilcoxon test; we compared aaCVM in men versus women, metropolitan versus nonmetropolitan counties, and non-hispanic white versus non-hispanic black residents. In 3101 analyzed counties in the US, the median CKM associated aaCVM was 61 [interquartile range (IQR): 45, 82]/100 000. Mississippi (99/100 000) and Minnesota (33/100 000) had the highest and lowest values respectively. CKM associated aaMR increased across SDI groups [I – 44 (IQR: 36, 55)/100 000, II- 61 (IQR: 49, 77)/100 000, III- 77 (IQR: 61, 94)/100 000, IV- 85 (IQR: 65, 107)/100 000; all pair-wise p-values < 0.001]. Men had higher rates [85 (64, 112)/100 000] than women [41 (28, 58)/100 000](p-value < 0.001), metropolitan counties [54 (40, 72)/100 000] had lower rates than non-metropolitan counties [66 (49, 89)/100 000](p-value < 0.001), and non-Hispanic Black [110 (86, 137)/100 000] had higher aaMR than non-Hispanic White residents [59 (44, 78)/100 000](p-value < 0.001). In the US, CKM mortality remains high and disproportionately occurs in more socially deprived counties and non-metropolitan counties. Our inability to reduce CKM mortality rates over the study period highlights the need for targeted policy interventions to curb the ongoing high burden.
A counterexample regarding a two-phase problem for harmonic measure in VMO
Authors: Tolsa Xavier 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Let $\Omega^+\subset\mathbb R^{n+1}$ be a vanishing Reifenberg flat domain such that $\Omega^+$ and $\Omega^-=\mathbb R^{n+1}\setminus\overline {\Omega^+}$ have joint big pieces of chord-arc subdomains and such that the outer unit normal to $\partial\Omega^+$ belongs to $VMO(\omega^+)$, where $\omega^\pm$ is the harmonic measure in $\Omega^\pm$. Up to now it was an open question if these conditions imply that $\log\dfrac{d\omega^-}{d\omega^+} \in VMO(\omega^+)$. In this paper we answer this question in the negative by constructing an appropriate counterexample in $\mathbb R^2$, with the additional property that the outer unit normal to $\partial\Omega^+$ is constant $\omega^+$-a.e.\ in $\partial\Omega^+$.
Simulation of skin cancer by fixed and mobile laser with a complete set of equations
Authors: Minbashi Mehran , Kordbacheh Amirhossein Ahmadkhan , Ghazi Haniyeh Khaksar Kooshk 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Recently, the prediction of cancer treatment via computer tools has been interesting to researchers. photothermal therapy is the most important non-invasive treatment for cancer therapy. during this method, the overheating problems, and damage to the healthy tissue are very important factors for complete and efficient treatment. here, for overcoming to this issue, we proposed the mobile laser for uniform irradiation on the tumor region embedded with gold nanoparticles. For considering the mobile laser, we have used a two-energy equation and investigated the heat field to understand treatment behavior. By increasing the laser intensity, the temperature of the tumor is increased in two cases of mobile and fixed laser, but the healthy tissue was damaged by the fixed laser. For temperature control, the volume fraction of gold nanoparticles can adjust the thermal absorbed by the tumor. the high values of volume fraction cause more energy absorption and the low values cause the greater depth of light propagation, which leads to a uniform distribution of the heat. Finally, the mobile laser was very efficient for thermal therapy without damaging the healthy tissues.
A comprehensive study on the effects of initial water content, suction magnitude, and drainage zone size on self-weight consolidation and vacuum preloading of soft soils and slurried mine tailings
Authors: Ahmadi Ali , Bazaz Jafar Bolouri 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The self-weight consolidation of deposits consisting of fine-grained materials takes a long time. Using a suitable improvement method such as vacuum preloading can accelerate the consolidation. The first innovation is to experimentally assess the vacuum preloading effectiveness for expediting the settlement process of slurry tailings from the Sungun copper mine located in Iran. A new laboratory set-up is configured for radial and vertical consolidations of slurry samples. Effects of initial water content, suction level, and drainage zone size (i.e., sample relative size and vertical drain dimensions) on the tailings consolidation are evaluated through 272 tests. Previous studies indicate that analytical and numerical approaches are limited to particular assumptions and yield correct predictions only if various parameters during consolidation can be accurately determined. Therefore, as the second novelty, new empirical correlations are derived based on a modified multiple linear regression to simply predict vertical strain versus time curves under self-weight and vacuum consolidations with high accuracy. The data required for the statistical analysis are collected from the experimental results of Sungun tailings and a set of previous studies with a wide range of input values. The formulas proposed in this research are verified through several past in-situ and experimental studies with errors of less than 9%.
Assessment of Groundwater Suceptiability to Nitrate Contamination Using GIS-Based Modified DRASTIC Model in the Rib Watershed, upper Abay Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Fentie Ayalne Yedem , Gedefaw Ababaw Andarge 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Groundwater is one of the most important sources of freshwater, contributing significantly to domestic, drinking, and irrigation needs around the world. However, its quality is deteriorating over time due to overexploitation and anthropogenic activities. The Rib watershed, located in the Tana sub-basin (Ethiopia), is a heavily cultivated and urbanising area. Therefore, this study attempted to assess groundwater vulnerability to pollution using the GIS-based Modified DRASTIC Model. Hydrogeological parameters and anthropogenic factors (land use/land cover) were used for assessment. The necessary data were collected from the field, downloaded from websites, concerned organizations, and laboratory experiments. The results showed that more than 73.24% of the watershed is under medium to high vulnerability, and highly vulnerable areas (22.48%) were confined to the Southern parts of the watershed (under built-up and cultivated areas. The vulnerability of groundwater in the watershed is highly influenced by aquifer media (24.1%), net recharge (21.75%), land use/land cover (15.1%), and depth of groundwater table (13.6%). Based on the observed data of groundwater quality parameters (turbidity, pH, and nitrate), high-vulnerable areas were more contaminated than medium and low-vulnerable areas. Therefore, the result indicated that the area is vulnerable to contamination calling for appropriate groundwater management. Hence, this finding helps to plan and minimize future contamination of groundwater by considering its vulnerability before high-risk activities are allowed. The investigators recommended that the overall quality of groundwater be investigated and that appropriate groundwater management be designed to reduce groundwater contamination.
Virtual Reality Simulation Training in laparoscopic surgery – does it really matter, what simulator to use? Results of a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sparn Moritz B. , Teixeira Hugo , Chatziisaak Dimitrios , Schmied Bruno , Hahnloser Dieter , Bischofberger Stephan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Virtual reality simulation training plays a crucial role in modern surgical training, as it facilitates trainees to carry out surgical procedures or parts of it without the need for training “on the patient”. However, there are no data comparing different commercially available high-end virtual reality simulators.
Methods:
Trainees of an international gastrointestinal surgery workshop practiced in different sequences on LaparoS® (VirtaMed), LapSim® (Surgical Science) and LapMentor III® (Simbionix) eight comparable exercises, training the same basic laparoscopic skills. Simulator based metrics were compared between an entrance and exit examination.
Results:
All trainings significantly improved their basic laparoscopic skills performance, regardless of the sequence in which they used the three simulators. Median path length was initially 830cm and 463 cm on the exit examination (p < 0.001), median time taken improved from 305 to 167 seconds (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
All three commercially available Simulators trained efficiently the same basic surgery skills, regardless of the sequence or simulator used. Virtual reality simulation training, regardless of the simulator used, should be incorporated in all surgical training programs.
Association between 91 inflammatory factors combined with 1400 metabolites and ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Rong Yi-fa , LIANG Xue-Zhen , JIANG Kai , JIA Hai-Feng , LI Han-Zheng , LU Bo-Wen , LI Gang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the joints. A large amount of evidence shows that ankylosing spondylitis is closely related to inflammatory factors and metabolites. However, the causal relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory factors and metabolites is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate potential the causal relationships between 91 inflammatory cytokines combined with 1,400 metabolites and ankylosing spondylitis using the Mendelian randomization method.
METHODS: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed using the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of 91 inflammatory cytokines (n=14,824) and 1,400 serum metabolites (n=8,299) as well as GWAS data of ankylosing spondylitis from the FinnGen R10 database (3,162 cases and 2,947,070 healthy controls) were used. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted model and simple model were used to examine the causal association between inflammatory cytokines combined with metabolites and ankylosing spondylitis. Sensitivity analysis was used to test whether the results of the Mendelian randomization analysis were reliable.
CONCLUSION: FGF-23 and IL-7 were positively correlated with ankylosing spondylitis while CD244 and FIt3L were negatively correlated based on causal associations. FGF-23 had potential causal relationships with 62 metabolites (p<0.05), IL-7 had potential causal relationships with 68 metabolites (p<0.05), FIt3L had potential causal relationships with 37 metabolites (p<0.05), and CD244 had potential causal relationships with 61 metabolites (p<0.05). The results suggest that CD244, FGF-23, FIt3L, IL-7 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis, and metabolism-related inflammatory cytokines could be important in future explorations of mechanisms and drug target selections for ankylosing spondylitis.
Outcome of Patients with Solid Malignancies Considered for Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: BENGUERFI Soraya , Hirsinger Baptiste , Raimbourg Judith , Agbakou Maïté , Calahorro Reyes Muñoz , Vennier Alice , Javal Théophile Lancrey , Nedelec Paul , Seguin Amélie , Reignier Jean , Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste , Canet Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To identify the predictors and outcomes of ICU triage decisions in patients with solid malignancies (SM) and to investigate the usefulness of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score at triage.
Methods
All patients with SM for whom ICU admission was requested between July 2019 and December 2021 in a French university-affiliated hospital were included prospectively.
Results
Of the 6262 patients considered for ICU admission, 410 (6.5%) had SM (age, 66 [58–73] years; metastases, 60.1%; and performance status 0–2, 81%). Of these 410 patients, 176 (42.9%) were admitted to the ICU, including 141 (80.1%) who were discharged alive. Breast cancer, hemoptysis, and pneumothorax were associated with ICU admission; whereas older age, poor general health, metastatic disease, and request at night were associated with denial of ICU admission. The NEWS, and the qSOFA score in patients with suspected infection, determined at triage performed poorly for predicting hospital mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, 0.52 and 0.62, respectively). Poor general health was independently associated with higher 6-month mortality and first-line anticancer treatment with lower 6-month mortality. Hospital mortality was 33.3% in patients admitted to the ICU after refusal of the first request.
Conclusion
Patients with SM were frequently denied ICU admission despite excellent in-ICU survival. Poor chronic health status was associated with ICU admission denial and higher 6-month mortality, but none of the other reasons for denying ICU admission predicted 6-month mortality. Physiological scores had limited usefulness in this setting.
Magnetosensitivity of the Mercerization
Authors: Zlenko Dmitry , Politenkova Galina , Vedenkin Alexander , Usachev Sergey , Gatin Andrey , Arutyunyan Alexander , Oleynikov Ilya , Mikhaleva Mariya , Stovbun Sergey 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cold alkaline treatment of cellulose is usually used for wood cellulose enrichment with high-molecular-weight fractions, as they are not soluble even in strong alkali solutions. The processes of the dissolution of hemicelluloses are tightly related to the processes of cellulose structure partial disassembling. Considering recent results on the nature and thermodynamics of the interactions between the chiral and helical molecules and the role of the spin-spin exchange interactions in them, it was very probable that the chemical reactions in the chiral polymer matrix should be magnetosensitive. Trying to verify this assumption and using cold alkaline treatment as an example, we obtained solid experimental confirmations of the magnetosensitivity of this process and found an alternative way of nanocellulose production. The magnetic field as well as other agents promoting the cellulose structure loosening forces the destruction of the polymer at the stage of the supramolecular structure reassembling after removing alkali. The latter leads to the cleavage of the cellulose fibers and nanoscale particles forming. On the other hand, formally, the fraction of the high-molecular-weight components insoluble in strong NaOH solutions decreases, and the repeating treatment with an alkali solution causes a significant loss of mass.
Anandamide Modulates Thermal Avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans through Vanilloid and Cannabinoid Receptor Interplay
Authors: Abdollahi Marzieh , Salem Jennifer Ben , Castaño Jesus D. , Beaudry Francis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Understanding the endocannabinoid system in C. elegans may offer insights into basic biological processes and potential therapeutic targets for managing pain and inflammation in human. It is well established that anandamide modulates pain perception by binding to cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors, regulating neurotransmitter release and neuronal activity. One objective of this study was to demonstrate the suitability of C. elegans as a model organism for assessing the antinociceptive properties of bioactive compounds and learning about the role of endocannabinoid system in C. elegans. The evaluation of the compound anandamide (AEA) revealed antinociceptive activity by impeding C. elegans nocifensive response to noxious heat. Proteomic and bioinformatic investigations uncovered several pathways activated by AEA. Enrichment analysis unveiled significant involvement of ion homeostasis pathways, which are crucial for maintaining neuronal function and synaptic transmission, suggesting AEA's impact on neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, pathways related to translation, protein synthesis, and mTORC1 signaling were enriched, highlighting potential mechanisms underlying AEA's antinociceptive effects. Thermal proteome profiling identified NPR-32 and NPR-19 as primary targets of AEA, along with OCR-2, Cathepsin B, Progranulin, Transthyretin, and ribosomal proteins. These findings suggest a complex interplay between AEA and various cellular processes implicated in nociceptive pathways and inflammation modulation. Further investigation into these interactions could provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of AEA and its targets for the management of pain-related conditions.