bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas sampling and analysis in high enthalpy flow
Authors: Bi‐ke Zheng , Li‐hong Chen , Ran Lin , Xin‐yu Chang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA gas sampling/chromatography analysis system has been established and was used to sample and analyze the exhaust of a scramjet combustor. It was proved that the chemical reaction of the flow in the sampling probe was quenched by using one‐dimensional analysis. The system was validated by comparing with a given mixture. The combustion efficiency was acquired through the experimental results, which agreed with the observation and the measurement results of static pressure on the combustor wall. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 37(1): 1–10, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20190
Combination of serum hCGβ and p53 tissue expression defines distinct subgroups of serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Vartiainen Juhani , Lassus Heini , Lehtovirta Pentti , Finne Patrik , Alfthan Henrik , Butzow Ralf , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSerous ovarian carcinoma comprises a clinically heterogenous group of tumors, and molecular markers stratifying patients into clinically meaningful subgroups are needed. Numerous markers have been evaluated, but none of them has yet been routinely incorporated into clinical practice. Previously we have found that elevated serum levels of the free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGβ) and aberrant p53 expression confer poor prognosis in ovarian carcinoma. The aim of our study was to evaluate their combined effect in predicting the outcome of patients with serous ovarian carcinoma. The study material consisted of 173 consecutive patients treated for primary serous ovarian carcinoma in 1 institution between 1990 and 2000. The preoperative serum level of hCGβ was analyzed by a ultrasensitive and specific immunofluorometric assay, and p53 tumor tissue expression by immunohistochemistry using a novel classification. Elevated serum hCGβ (≥2.0 pmol/L) was detected in 57 (33%) of 173 patients, and aberrant p53 expression in 103 (62%) of 167 interpretable cancers. Elevated hCGβ and aberrant p53 expression were strongly associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.0001 for both). Their additive prognostic effect was marked. Five‐year survival was 14% (0–29%) when both markers were aberrant, 44% (29–60%) when either one was aberrant and 82% (70–94%) when both were normal. Preoperative serum hCGβ and tumor tissue p53 expression are feasible markers that divide serous ovarian carcinomas into clinically relevant subgroups. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioactive poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate)/silica gel hybrid nanocomposites prepared by sol‐gel process
Authors: Costantini A. , Luciani G. , Silvestri B. , Tescione F. , Branda F. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA hybrid of poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (pHEMA), a polymer widely employed for biomedical applications, and silica gel, exhibiting a well‐known bioactivity, was produced by sol‐gel. The amount of the inorganic precursor, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), was mixed to the organic monomer, so as to have a final concentration of 30% (w/w) of silica gel to the mass of polymer. The nanocomposite was characterized for its composition by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, swelling behavior, glass transition temperature using differential thermal analysis (DTA), morphology through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and bioactivity using FT‐IR spectroscopy, SEM, and energy dispersive system (EDS). The nanocomposite showed phase separation between the polymer and the silica gel, improved thermal stability and swelling properties and higher glass transition temperature than pHEMA. Moreover, bioactive SiO2 gel nanoparticles promoted apatite formation on the surface of the modified hydrogel, when it was soaked in SBF. Therefore, the obtained bioactive nanocomposite can be used to make bioactive scaffold for bone engineering. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Freeze casting of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds. I. Processing and general microstructure
Authors: Fu Qiang , Rahaman Mohamed N. , Dogan Fatih , Bal B. Sonny 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFreeze casting of aqueous suspensions on a cold substrate was investigated as a method for preparing hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds with unidirectional porosity. In the present paper, we report on the ability to manipulate the microstructure of freeze‐cast constructs by controlling the processing parameters. Constructs prepared from aqueous suspensions (5–20 volume percent particles) on a steel substrate at −20°C had a lamellar‐type microstructure, consisting of plate‐like HA and unidirectional pores oriented in the direction of freezing. Sintering for 3 h at 1350°C produced constructs with dense HA lamellas, porosity of ∼50%, and inter‐lamellar pore widths of 5–30 μm. The thickness of the HA lamellas decreased but the width of the pores increased with decreasing particle concentration. Decreasing the substrate temperature from −20°C to −196°C produced a finer lamellar microstructure. The use of water‐glycerol mixtures (20 wt % glycerol) as the solvent in the suspension resulted in the production of finer pores (1–10 μm) and a larger number of dendritic growth connecting the HA lamellas. On the other hand, the use of water‐dioxane mixtures (60 wt % dioxane) produced a cellular‐type microstructure with larger pores (90–110 μm). The ability to produce a uniaxial microstructure and its manipulation by controlling the processing parameters indicate the potential of the present freeze casting route for the production of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Hepatitis C virus and the controversial role of the interferon sensitivity determining region in the response to interferon treatment
Authors: Torres‐Puente Manuela , Cuevas José M. , Jiménez‐Hernández Nuria , Bracho María A. , García‐Robles Inmaculada , Carnicer Fernando , del Olmo Juan , Ortega Enrique , Moya Andrés , González‐Candelas Fernando 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe degree of variability of the interferon sensitivity determining region (ISDR) in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome has been postulated to predict the response to interferon therapy, mainly in patients infected with subtype 1b, although this prediction has been the subject of a long controversy. This prediction has been tested by analyzing a cohort of 67 Spanish patients infected with HCV genotype 1, 23 of which were infected with subtype 1a and 44 with subtype 1b. A sample previous to therapy with α‐interferon plus ribavirin was obtained and several clones (between 25 and 96) including the ISDR were sequenced from each patient. A significant correlation between mutations at the ISDR and response to treatment for subtype 1b patients, but not for those infected with subtype 1a, has been detected. Although the results suggest that the same relationship holds true for subtype 1a, lack of statistical power because of the small sample size of this subtype prevented firmer conclusions. However, identical ISDR sequences were found in responder and non‐responder patients, suggesting that the stability of the ISDR sequence can occasionally help HCV to evade interferon therapy, although this is not a sufficient condition. More complex interactions, including the ISDR or not, are likely to exist and govern the HCV response to interferon treatment. J. Med. Virol. 80:247–253, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic relatedness of noroviruses identified in sporadic gastroenteritis in children and gastroenteritis outbreaks in Northern Alberta
Authors: Lee Bonita E. , Preiksaitis Jutta K. , Chui Natalie , Chui Linda , Pang Xiaoli L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe compared the proportion and genotype distribution of norovirus (NoV) identified in sporadic acute gastroenteritis in children younger than 7 years old with the NoV strains found in outbreaks from January 2003 through April 2004 in northern Alberta, Canada. Eight genogroup I (GI) and 133 GII NoV cases were detected in 1,166 cases of acute sporadic childhood gastroenteritis with a monthly detection rates varying from 6.0% to 20.4% and no sporadic gastroenteritis case in October 2003. Seventy‐eight outbreaks (65%) tested positive for NoV during the study period with an obvious winter predominance and no NoV outbreaks in August, September, and October 2003. Three GI and 51 GII strains from the sporadic childhood gastroenteritis cases and seven GI and 37 GII strains from gastroenteritis outbreaks were sequenced and analyzed. Strains belonging to the GII.4 cluster predominated in outbreaks (68%) while the strains in sporadic childhood gastroenteritis demonstrated significant heterogeneity with the majority belonging to the GII.3 cluster (36%). Further analysis of NoV strains from 34 sporadic childhood gastroenteritis cases and 38 gastroenteritis outbreaks in chronologically and geographically related groups failed to demonstrate clear link between strains circulating in the setting of sporadic childhood gastroenteritis and those found in outbreaks. J. Med. Virol. 80:330–337, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic and antigenic analysis of epidemic influenza viruses isolated during 2006–2007 season in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jih‐Hui , Chiu Shu‐Chun , Lee Cheng‐Hao , Su Yung‐Jui , Tsai Han‐Chuan , Peng Yen‐Tzu , Wu Ho‐Seng 
Published: December 2007

AbstractInfluenza viruses are some of the most active pathogens in Taiwan. The monitoring influenza activity has been coordinated by the Centers for Diseases Control, Taiwan, and the surveillance is based on integrated clinical and virological surveillance components. Data from sentinel physician networks and other sources, mainly hospitals were collected. During 2006‐07 season, a total of 1724 cases of laboratory‐confirmed influenza were reported by collaborating laboratories and sentinels, which was five fold higher than during the corresponding part of the 2005‐06 season. Of the Taiwan isolates analyzed using post‐infection ferret antisera, 1.5% were H1N1 (A/Hi), 21.5% H3N2 (A/H3), and 77.0% influenza B viruses. This reflects the predominance of influenza B viruses during 2006‐07 season. In addition, continued antigenic drift was seen with the A/I‐B viruses compared with the previous season's reference strains. However, an increasing number of recent A/H3 isolates characterized in our report were amantadine sensitive. Preparation for an influenza pandemic is presently a high priority in Taiwan. Laboratory‐based surveillance systems must be timely in order to be effective. The data presented here highlights the need to characterize the circulating strains both antigenically and genetically during regular surveillance. Any contribution of individual genes or gene combinations to usual or unusual epidemic characteristics might thus be identified ensuring that virus strains can be selected for vaccine formulation that will most closely match the circulating viruses. J. Med. Virol. 80:316–322, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular epidemiology of a hepatitis C virus outbreak in a hemodialysis unit in Italy
Authors: Spada Enea , Abbate Isabella , Sicurezza Elvia , Mariano Andrea , Parla Vincenza , Rinnone Sebastiano , Cuccia Mario , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria , Mele Alfonso 
Published: December 2007

AbstractHemodialysis patients are at increased risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of this study was to investigate a HCV outbreak in a hemodialysis unit using epidemiological and molecular methods. Between April 2003 and October 2003, anti‐HCV seronconversion was detected in four patients attending the unit. These cases were added to 10 patients already anti‐HCV positive upon admission in the unit. All 14 anti‐HCV patients were tested for HCV RNA and HCV genotype. NS5B and HVR1/ E2 genomic regions were amplified and sequenced in all HCV RNA positive patients and phylogenetic analysis was performed. Furthermore, clinical‐epidemiological records obtained from all patients were examined. All four patients newly infected harbored genotype 2c. Genotype 2c was also detected in 2 of 10 patients already anti‐HCV positive upon admission. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all newly HCV infected patients harbored very closely related viral isolates that clustered together with the 2c isolate found in one of the two 2c chronic infected patients. All HCV‐2c infected patients had no other risk factors except hemodialysis. Three of four newly HCV‐2c infected patients and the one HCV‐2c chronically infected involved in the outbreak received dialysis on the same day and same shift but used different machines. The remaining HCV‐2c newly infected patient and one of the above cited three received dialysis on the same day during different shifts but used the same machine. The outbreak was probably due to breaks of infection control procedures although a related‐machine transmission cannot be excluded in one of the cases. J. Med. Virol. 80:261–267, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
We've never done it this way before: Prompting organizational change through stories
Authors: McKinnon North 
Published: December 2007

AbstractOrganizations have discovered that storytelling is a powerful change management tool for addressing the emotional issues that have torpedoed many an initiative. Leaders from five businesses discuss how stories finally enabled employees and other stakeholders to get on board with major change efforts. The cases include organizations that used metaphors to create a common team vision, a road map for new business strategy, and the future vision for a massive high tech merger, as well as leaders who used personal stories to convey the essence of a difficult business issue for a skeptical audience.This article is reprinted from the book, Wake Me Up When the Data Is Over: How Organizations Use Stories to Drive Results, by Lori L. Silverman (Jossey‐Bass, 2006) © 2006 John Wiley & Sons.
On quotients of non‐Archimedean Fréchet spaces
Authors: Śliwa Wiesław 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt is proved when a non‐Archimedean Fréchet space E of countable type has a quotient isomorphic to 𝕂ℕ, cℕ0 or c0 × 𝕂ℕ. It is also shown when E has a non‐normable quotient with a continuous norm. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metric ends, fibers and automorphisms of graphs
Authors: Krön Bernhard , Möller Rögnvaldur G. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSeveral results on the action of graph automorphisms on ends and fibers are generalized for the case of metric ends. This includes results on the action of the automorphisms on the end space, directions of automorphisms, double rays which are invariant under a power of an automorphism and metrically almost transitive automorphism groups. It is proved that the bounded automorphisms of a metrically almost transitive graph with more than one end are precisely the kernel of the action on the space of metric ends. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mild Parkinsonian signs are associated with lower olfactory test scores in the community‐dwelling elderly
Authors: Louis Elan D. , Marder Karen , Tabert Matthias H. , Devanand Devangere P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMild Parkinsonian signs (MPS, impaired gait, rigidity, bradykinesia, rest tremor) are commonly found during the clinical examination of older people and may be a precursor to Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Marked deficits in olfaction occur in PD and AD. The objective of this study was to determine whether University of Pennsylvania Smell Test (UPSIT) scores were lower in nondemented community‐dwelling elderly with versus without MPS. Nondemented persons age ≥65 years without PD in Washington Heights‐Inwood, NY were evaluated with an abbreviated motor Unified PD Rating Scale and a 40‐item UPSIT. Lower UPSIT and higher transformed UPSIT score (square root [UPSIT ‐ 41]) indicated greater olfactory dysfunction. One‐hundred‐seventy‐seven (16.4%) of 1,078 participants had MPS. Mean UPSIT scores (MPS vs. without MPS) were 24.3 ± 7.1 versus 26.4 ± 6.8, P < 0.001. In a logistic regression analysis adjusting for age and education, transformed UPSIT score was associated with MPS (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04–1.52, P = 0.02). In an adjusted logistic regression analysis, participants with higher transformed UPSIT scores (based on a median split) were 1.55 times more likely to have MPS than were those with lower scores (P = 0.01). Within transformed UPSIT score quartiles, the odds of having MPS were 1.0 (reference), 1.35, 2.02, and 2.20 (P < 0.05). The association with transformed UPSIT scores was similar across MPS subtypes (axial dysfunction, rigidity, tremor).MPS were associated with a mild reduction in olfactory function. These observations further support the view of MPS as a marker of emerging degenerative brain pathologies. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Efficient finite element electromagnetic modeling of thin wires
Authors: Wu Hong , Cangellaris Andreas C. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA computationally efficient methodology is presented for the finite element modeling of thin conducting wires of diameter comparable with or smaller than the numerical grid size. The proposed model relies upon the insertion of lumped circuit elements at element edges along the wire axis and the proper compensation of the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability values for mesh elements in the immediate neighborhood of the wire to reproduce the electromagnetic attributes of the wire accurately. In this manner, the need for local mesh refinement along the wire is eliminated. The proposed model is useful for the computationally efficient finite element modeling of inhomogeneous structures with wire antennas attached to them and of electronic packaging structures for high‐speed integrated circuits containing wire bonds and high‐density vertical interconnects. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 350–354, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23060
Compact dual‐band rat‐race couplers
Authors: Mandal Mrinal Kanti , Sanyal Subrata 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn this letter, a design of a compact, dual‐band, rat‐race coupler is presented. The dual‐band characteristics are obtained by using two shunt open‐stubs with the conventional coupler. The proposed design can cover a wide range of frequency ratio of the dual bands within the fabrication limit of a low and high impedance microstrip line. Frequency variations of the bandwidths of this coupler in terms of isolation, matching, amplitude, and phase imbalance are also discussed. Theoretical prediction has been verified in the microstrip line by fabricating a dual‐band coupler at the 900/1900‐MHz mobile bands. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical predictions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 277–281, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23063
Synthesis of quarter wavelength side‐coupled ring (QSCR) resonator applications to bandpass filters design
Authors: Salleh Mohd Khairul Mohd , Prigent Gaëtan , Pigaglio Olivier , Raymond Crampagne  
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis article deals with the design of dual‐mode ring resonator fed by quarter wavelength coupled‐lines and its applications for bandpass filters. A specific synthesis was developed for ring‐based resonator which made ease the design of further bandpass filters. Three compact bandpass filters were designed at 2 GHz. Comparison between experiments and simulated results proved both synthesis accuracy and QSCR‐based filters efficiency toward electrical performances and size reduction. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 307–312, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23067
Gain enhancement in embedded microstrip antennas
Authors: Fallah‐Rad M. , Shafai L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA microstrip antenna embedded inside a dielectric medium representing the building material is investigated for its gain. It is shown that coupling the embedded antenna to a parasitic patch, placed outside the embedding material, can increase the antenna gain significantly. In addition, by properly selecting the antenna depth inside the embedded material its radiation characteristics can be made less sensitive to the material parameters of the surrounding. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 269–271, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23070
CP‐microstrip coplanar patch antenna for satellite reception
Authors: Krzysztofik Wojciech J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA design of a broadband circularly polarized coplanar‐square‐patch antenna, CSPA, for Iridium satellite reception via handset is proposed and experimentally studied. With the introduction of some asymmetry in the structure to a single‐feed coplanar‐sqaure‐patch microstrip antenna, it is possible to excite two orthogonal degenerate resonant modes for circular polarization (CP) radiation. Experimental results of constructed prototypes show that the obtained 3‐dB axial‐ratio bandwidths can reach as large as 8.5%. The proposed antenna has a peak antenna gain of about 4.2 dBi, with efficiency 85% for frequencies within the CP. Some prototypes of the proposed CP design CSPA antennas have been implemented and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 372–375, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23071
Implementation of a 5‐GHz LTCC bandpass filter using vertically‐interdigitated capacitors and via engineering
Authors: Lim JuHwan , Jung DongYun , Park ChulSoon , Hwang SungWoo 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA low‐temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) LC resonator bandpass filter for 5‐GHz wireless LAN applications is implemented. The miniaturization of the filter is achieved by utilizing vertically‐interdigitated capacitors as resonator capacitors, and the required small inductance (∼ 0.1 nH) is realized by via holes. The inductances of via‐holes connecting the capacitor plates also considerably affect the filter characteristics, and they are considered in circuit design stage of the filter. The fabricated bandpass filter has five layers with the size of 2.4 × 4.18 × 0.56 mm3. The measured center frequency, bandwidth, and insertion loss are 5.32 GHz, 340 MHz, and 2.87 dB, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 339–341, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23072
Study of Raman amplification with low cost incoherent pumps
Authors: Rocha Ana M. , Neto B. , Facão M. , André P.S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn this study, we report the implementation and analysis of a Raman fiber amplifier based on low cost incoherent pumps. The amplifier performance was compared experimentally and theoretically, with a coherent pumping amplifier. A decrease of 0.03 dB/nm on the gain spectral tilt is achieved with the incoherent pumping amplifier, in co‐ and counter‐pumping configurations using a SMF fiber. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 301–303, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23074