bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Журнал «Сучасність»: історія, традиції, новаторство
Authors: Гандзюк Віталій 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the research is to analyze the measures of the Soviet authorities to overcome child homelessness and neglect, the functioning of orphanages on the example of the Zhytomyr region in the period from the mid-1950s to the first half of the 1960s. The methodological basis of the research is built on the analysis and synthesis, historical-statistical, and historical-comparative methods as well as the use of the principles of scientificity, objectivity and historicism in the analysis of the Soviet authorities’ policy of overcoming those negative phenomena among minors. The scientific novelty of the work is presented by a comprehensive study of the state policy on overcoming child homelessness and neglect in the Zhytomyr region of the Ukrainian SSR during the mentioned period with using new archival sources. Conclusions. Homelessness and neglect of the minors were urgent problems in the period from the mid-1950s to the first half of the 1960s both in the Zhytomyr region and Ukraine as a whole. They were gradually resolved, the authorities took appropriate measures. From the side of the relevant executive authorities, there was often a formal approach to solving the problems of child homelessness and neglect. It should be noted that this problem was organically connected with the command-administrative and bureaucratic system of the Soviet government, for which reporting and certain indicators were important but the practical solution of the children's problems was delayed. The relevant authorities’ inspections of the ways the orphanages worked revealed the financial shortcomings, problems in material support and educating which had a negative impact on the pupils in those institutions. A serious problem is proved to be the absence or lack of the parents’ attention to the upbringing of their children at that time. Moreover, the enterprises and institutions, that were supposed to contribute to the cultural and educational development of their workers’ and employees’ children, did not do that. The issues of organizing leisure time for the minors by the children and school institutions was relevant, as the problem of neglect and committing the crime by the uncontrolled minors depended directly on those solutions. The methodical assistance in working with children provided by regional libraries to village ones was insufficient and very often it was not actually carried out. Cultural centers and village clubs did not conduct educating work to children. Prospects for further research relate to the problems of neglect and juvenile delinquency in the Zhytomyr region in the 1980s.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО-ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РОБОТИ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ БАЛОК ЗА ДІЇ ПОВТОРНИХ ЗНАКОЗМІННИХ НАВАНТАЖЕНЬ
Authors: Масюк Г. Х. 
Published: March 2024

В статті наведено результати теоретично-експериментальних досліджень характеру роботи залізобетонних балок за дії малоциклових знакозмінних навантажень в залежності від величини прольоту «зрізу» і рівня навантаження. Наведено умови визначення несучої здатності нормальних і похилих перерізів балок
НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНИЙ СТАН ТОВСТИХ АНІЗОТРОПНИХ КОМПОЗИТНИХ ЦИЛІНДРИЧНИХ ОБОЛОНОК, ЗАХИЩЕНИХ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНО-ГРАДІЄНТНИМ МАТЕРІАЛОМ, ПІД ТЕРМОСИЛОВОЮ ДІЄЮ
Authors: Трач В.М., , Подворний А.В., , Мерзлюк В.В., 
Published: March 2024

В роботі, на основі тривимірних співвідношень теорії пружності, приведений підхід до встановлення напружено-деформованого стану товстих шаруватих анізотропних композитних циліндричних оболонок, що захищені функціонально-градієнтним матеріалом, і знаходяться в полі термосилової дії.
ВПЛИВ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ВІБРОПРЕСУВАННЯ НА ОТРИМАННЯ ВИСОКОМІЦНИХ ДРІБНОЗЕРНИСТИХ БЕТОНІВ НА ОСНОВІ НАДЖОРСТКИХ СУМІШЕЙ
Authors: Житковський В.В., , Дворкін Л.Й., 
Published: March 2024

У статті наведено результати вивчення впливу частоти, тривалості та величини динамічного тиску на ущільнення дрібнозернистих бетонів. Показано можливість отримання бетону з наджорстких сумішей міцністю більше 90 МПа за рахунок оптимального вибору складу бетону, частоти вібрування та величини привантаження.
Study of Wear Resistance of Cylindrical Parts by Electromechanical Surface Hardening
Authors: Marchenko D.D. , Matvyeyeva K.S. 
Published: March 2024

The work scientifically substantiates the use of an effective technology for increasing the wear resistance of cylindrical parts, using the example of protective sleeves of cantilever pumps, due to electromechanical surface hardening. A review of research was carried out and it was established that the achievement of the highest values of microhardness of the surface layer at a depth of up to 1.2 mm is possible during electromechanical processing of protective sleeves of cantilever pumps. The application of various modes and schemes of electromechanical surface hardening (EMSH) is accompanied by a change in structure and, as a result, an increase in the hardness of the surface layer of the bushings. The actual contact area of the tool roller with the processed surface and the depth of the temperature-deformation effect depend on the physical and mechanical properties of the materials and the pressing force. The formation of a temperature gradient in the hardened zone at a depth of up to 1.2 mm from the surface has been proven. Metallographic analysis of the surfaces of the sleeves treated by EMSH shows the formation of a white layer with reduced etchability and increased hardness in the hardening zones. The results of the X-ray structural analysis confirmed the formation of the martensite phase in the hardening zone. The microhardness of the hardened steel zone increased by 2.6...3.6 times compared to the initial values at a depth of up to 1 mm from the surface, depending on the materials. In the case of their overlap, the alternation of a fully hardened zone, a partially hardened zone, and a self-relief zone is observed. At the same time, the microhardness of steels along the surface depends on the hardening scheme.
Wear tests under friction conditions of parts of cantilever pumps paired with stuffing boxes showed that the wear resistance of protective sleeves after EMSH increased by 3.1 times for 45 steel, 1.9 times for U8 steel, 2.5 times for SHKH15 steel, for cast iron by 1.9 times compared to the initial values. The use of U8 steel samples after EMSH, instead of serial bushings made of steel 45, allows to increase the wear resistance of parts by 6.1 times, which allows us to recommend U8 steel for use in the manufacture of protective bushings for console pumps. On the basis of the research, recommendations are given for the application of EMSH for the formation of a surface layer with increased wear resistance of protective sleeves during their production and during repair of console pumps in workshops or service centers of agribusiness companies.
Experimental installation for wear tests of materials and coatings
Authors: Stechyshyn M. , Dykha O. , Oleksandrenko V. , Tsepenyuk M. , Kurskoi V. , Oleksandrenko Ye. 
Published: March 2024

On the basis of the analysis of existing tribological testing methodologies, which includes the selection of controlled wear parameters, the influence of the type of friction, contact geometry, surface roughness, the scheme of tribological research, the choice of a machine 2168UМТ for friction testing of materials is substantiated. The friction machine allows you to install three samples at the same time, change the pressure in the contact zone in a wide range, control the moment of friction, the rotation frequency of the counterbody, the number of revolutions (friction path), change the rotation frequency, respectively, the sliding speed, automatically limit the distance traveled and other functions. The method of wear is adopted according to the finger-ring scheme, linear wear is monitored using an indicator rack with a value of divisions of the measuring device of 0.001 mm. To fix the samples on the machine caliper, holders were designed and manufactured, which ensure the self-fixation of the sample on the counterbody - a spherical joint made of the rolling body of the bearing. due to the fact that the samples were pressed against the counterbody with a force corresponding to the nominal contact pressure, they were self-aligned. After the sample was self-assembled, the whole structure was fixed by tightening the nuts. The counterbody is made of a rolling bearing ring, the material is steel SHX15, the hardness of the base is HRC 61. Three devices are mounted on the caliper for permanent lubrication of the running track immediately before the approaching sample. Thus, at certain values of pressure and speed, the mode of marginal friction can be reached, which was marked by a low coefficient of friction.
Determination of Limiting Deformations at Testing Cylindrical Samples for Tension
Authors: Kyrytsya I. Iu. , Petrov O.V. , Vishtak I.V. , Sukhorukov S.I. 
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes a method for calculating limiting deformations under conditions of localized deformation during tensile testing. The method for calculating limiting deformations was used to construct plasticity diagrams under conditions of strain localization under uniaxial tension.
The plasticity diagram is one of the material functions that forms the technological map of the material. The plasticity diagram displays the properties of a material depending on the degree of deformation and the stress state scheme.
According to the studies carried out in this work, it was established that the critical increase in plasticity with increasing stress state indicator is explained by the influence of three factors: the strain gradient, the history of deformation and the third invariant of the stress tensor.
The obtained dependencies make it possible to construct plasticity diagrams for materials whose destruction is preceded by localized deformation in the form of a "neck".
This work establishes the quantitative influence of these three factors on the magnitude of the limiting deformations of a sample stretched to the point of failure.
Application plasticity diagrams constructed using the proposed methods for cold plastic deformation processes, depending on the type of deformation path and the features of metal rheology, clarifies the value of the used plasticity resource of the metal, which allows to reduce the number of defective products for processes whose modes are calculated according to limit deformations.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРЕВЕНТИВНОЇ ТА ПРАВООХОРОННОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Лукашевич Сергій , Філіпенко Наталія 
Published: March 2024

Завдання статті — визначити можливості та засади застосування інформаційно-аналітичних методик в забезпеченні превентивної та правоохоронної діяльності. Обґрунтовується, що перед правоохоронною системою постає важливе питання щодо запобігання використанню штучного інтелекту у протиправних діях, а перед науковцями - завдання вивчення цього феномену. Стверджується, що першим видом об’єктів запобігання кримінальних правопорушень з використанням штучного інтелекту є загальні явища, які визнаються криміногенними й для інших заходів такого роду: антисоціальні властивості особистості, недоліки охорони, криміногенні ситуації і т.ін. Технології протиправних посягань з використанням штучного інтелекту зазвичай передбачають використання програмного забезпечення та мережі Інтернет. Орієнтація на ці обставини визначає зміст конкретних запобіжних заходів. Запобіжні заходи щодо об’єктів протидії кримінальним правопорушенням з використанням функціоналів штучного інтелекту мають ґрунтуватися на результатах досліджень криміногенних процесів. Враховуючи технологічну специфіку посягань, пропонується використовувати саме інформаційно-аналітичні інструменти, такі як RICAS, Shotspotter, Palantir Gotham та інші.Автори дійшли висновку, що на теперішній час активно ведеться розроблення спеціальних інформаційних систем, що містять дані про ідентифікаційне й діагностичне значення ознак, про властивості більшості об’єктів експертного дослідження, про алгоритмічні та евристичні способи вирішення експертних завдань. Комп’ютерна техніка дозволяє якнайширше використовувати ці банки даних експертам, які працюють в експертній установі та навіть проводять дослідження на місці події. У теорії й практиці експертизи застосовується системний підхід, прийоми структурного та системного аналізів. В результаті аналізу теоретичних підходів та нормативно-правового забезпечення обігу та використання інформації в правозастосовній, правоохоронній діяльності та при проведенні судово-експертних досліджень, визначити місце і роль інформації та інформаційних технологій в зазначених процесах. Позитивний вплив використання інформаційних технологій в правозастосуванні, в правоохоронній та експертній діяльності досягається, по-перше, завдяки раціоналізації пізнавальних процедур; по-друге, через покращення автоматизації діяльності; по-третє, шляхом оптимізації прийняття складних рішень з використанням систем, заснованих на базі знань. Таким чином, інформаційне забезпечення правозастосовної та правоохоронної діяльності, а також діяльності щодо проведення експертних досліджень, можна визначити як системну за формою та систематизовану за процедурами, науково організовану та безперервну діяльність з відбору, аналізу, класифікації, синтезу інформації, необхідної для правильного застосування норм права, здійснення правоохоронної діяльності або ж вирішення судово-експертних завдань.
Exploration of Local Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) from Semen Sub- District, Kediri, East Java Based on Morphological Character and Geograpical Factor
Authors: Probojati Rasyadan Taufiq , Nugraheni Hadiyanti  , Nina Lisanty  , Agustia Dwi Pamujiati  , Firdausi Muhammad  Riza 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify morphological characters and determine the local durian distribution map in Semen District, Kediri Regency. This study uses a purposive sampling method to collect data. Local durian coordinates analyzed using QGIS version 3.6 software. Morphological character is examined by observing morphology. Micro climate factors measured are height, intensity, temperature and humidity of the soil and air, soil pH. The results show that local durin morphology in Semen District Kediri Regency has diversity. There are 10 local durian plants found based on their geographical character. The dendogram results show that local durian has similarities based on its morphological character. This morphological variation dependent to light intensity, altitudinal, the velocity of wind and soil nutrient factors.
Aesthetics of artistic portrayal of the conditions of the unbelievers in the Holy Quran
Authors: Saki Dr. Nancy , Ajrash Dr. Khairiya , Al-Rikabi Esraa Shiaa Mohsen Obaid 
Published: March 2024

Artistic depiction is considered one of the most important and wonderful methods of presenting the external and internal concepts, which the Qur’an used extensively in its various types of speeches with people, believers and disbelievers, and to explain their worldly and hereafter conditions, as they include strong indications and deep explanations of the divine will, and one of these conditions is the state of the unbeliever in the Hereafter. And the cases, fluctuations, discourses, and observations that befall him, and the Qur’an abounds in explaining their cases by means, including their artistic depiction, in order to have a stronger influence on the addressees, especially the obstinate and unbelievers, and turn them around, and if possible, guide them and bring them back to the truth. But what is artistic depiction, and how did the Qur’an employ this art in demarcating and depicting the conditions of the disbelievers in the afterlife?
In this article, which will be written on a descriptive-analytical approach and also on a library, the researchers will search for the meaning of the term artistic depiction, its elements, and its importance in clarifying the meaning and its impact, and after mentioning the models of its employment for the afterlife conditions of the infidels. In other words, the metaphor works with the function of anthropomorphism, diagnosis, and representation, in a wonderful way to explain the conditions of the infidels of regret, pain, deprivation, amazement, disappointment, and the like.
Keywords:
Effects of the digital communication technology on websites of Iraqi satellite channels (for the period from 1-9-2021 until 1-11-2021) (Field study)
Authors: Zobaie Dr . Anwar Ibrahim Abdel 
Published: March 2024

The aim of the research is to identify the reflections of digital technology transitions on the websites of Iraqi TV channels and try to detection the technology applications of digital communication that used in the websites of Iraqi TV channels and to identify the effects impact and implications of using digital communication technology applications in he websites of Iraqi TV channels, also try to monitor the obstacles and difficulties faced these applications, and finally to know the suggested solutions and treatments to advance the level of development for these applications in the websites of Iraqi TV channels .
The researcher used: "the descriptive analytical method, because it is an appropriate method to know the opinions of the respondents, the researcher used the (questionnaire) for data collection, and the sample was selected in intentional sample of 106 items from the workers in the Anbar and Fallujah channels", the study concluded to some important results as following:
Peningkatan Keterampilan Bantuan Hidup Dasar pada Pelatih Sebagai Upaya Optimalisasi Proteksi Atlet dari Cedera Olahraga
Authors: Yusni Yusni , Ridwan Muhammad , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Nugraha Gartika Setiya 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK Latihan fisik berat yang dilakukan terus menerus akan membebani jantung sehingga berpotensi meningkatkan risiko terjadinya cedera olahraga ataupun henti jantung terutama bagi atlet dengan faktor predisposisi genetik yang kadang tidak terdeteksi dini. Henti jantung adalah suatu keadaan emergensi yang umumnya terjadi secara mendadak sehingga memerlukan penanganan segera, namun disisi lain cedera kadang sulit dihindari oleh para atlet, maka oleh karena itu perlu adanya pelatihan keterampilan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) bagi pelatih. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan meningkatkan keterampilan termasuk pengetahuan mengenai BHD pada pelatih Provinsi Aceh sehingga dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya cedera olahraga serta dapat mencegah kecacatan dan kematian akibat cedera olahraga. Pemberian materi dan pelatihan tentang BHD bagi pelatih Provinsi Aceh dan mengevaluasi keberhasilannya dengan melakukan test sebelum dan sesudah pemberian materi/keterampilan BHD pada peserta. Kegiatan PKM ini diikuti oleh 10 orang pelatih dari cabang olahraga: karate, atletik, Rugby dan Panahan, jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia antara 25-32 tahun. Pengetahuan pelatih mengenai BHD meningkat sebesar 37,69% setelah pemberian pelatihan BHD. Semua peserta sudah dapat melakukan tindakan BHD. Kegiatan PKM ini efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan BHD pada pelatih Provinsi Aceh. Kata Kunci: Cedera Olahraga, Henti Jantung, Bantuan Hidup Dasar, Atlet, Pelatih ABSTRACT Strenuous exercise that is carried out continuously will burden the heart. It has the potential to increase the risk of a sports injury or cardiac arrest, especially for athletes with genetic predisposing factors that are sometimes not detected early. Cardiac arrest is an emergency that generally occurs suddenly and requires immediate treatment, but injuries are sometimes difficult to avoid by athletes. Therefore, training in Basic Life Support (BLS) skills is necessary for trainers. The purpose of this community service activity (PKM) was to improve skills, including knowledge about BLS, in Aceh Province trainers; therefore, it can reduce the risk of disability and sudden death due to sports injuries. The method was the provision of materials and training on BLS for Aceh Province trainers, followed by a pretest and posttest of participants to determine the effect of providing materials and training on increasing the trainer's knowledge and skills through BLS. This PKM activity was attended by 10 male coaches from sports: karate, athletics, rugby, and archery, aged between 25 and 32 years. The trainer's knowledge about BLS increased by 37.69% after providing BLS training. All participants can carry out BLS actions. We conclude that this activity was effective in increasing the knowledge and skills of the Aceh Province trainers about the BLS. Keywords: Sports Injury, Cardiac Arrest, Basic Life Support, Athlete, Trainer
Kampanye Anemia Remaja
Authors: Centis Maria Conchita Leyla , Senudin Putriatri Krimasusini , Hamat Viviana , Petrika Yosefina 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah yang sedang dihadapi secara global. Anemia pada remaja putri berdampak pada konsentrasi belajar remaja, yanhg kemudian akn berdampak pada kualitas hidup remaj putri. Tujuan dilakukan kampanye edukasi anemia adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada remaja tentang anemia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan. Sebelum diberikan penyuluhan rata-rata pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia yaitu 57,51 dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan terjadi perubahan rata-rata pengetahuan yaitu 89,39. Penyuluhan edukasi anemia memberikan perubahan yang baik terhadap pengetahuan. Diharapkan siswi mampu untuk melakukan pencegahan terjadinya anemia Kata Kunci: Anemia, Penyuluhan, Remaja Putri ABSTRACT Anemia is one of the problems being faced globally. Anemia in adolescent girls has an impact on adolescent learning concentration, which in turn will have an impact on the quality of life of adolescent girls. The anemia education campaign was conducted to provide knowledge to adolescents about anemia. The method used was counseling. Before being given counseling, the average knowledge of adolescent girls about anemia was 57.51 and after being given counseling there was a change in the average knowledge of 89.39. Anemia education counseling provides a good change in knowledge. It is hoped that female students will be able to prevent anemia. Keywords: Anemia, Counseling, Adolescent Girls
Self-Efficacy, Resilience, and Loneliness in People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Wijayanti Diyan Yuli , Sarjana Widodo , Astuti Halimah Wenny Yulina , Sari Sri Padma 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Self-efficacy and resilience have been associated with loneliness in schizophrenia. Studies reported that people with schizophrenia have low self-efficacy, resilience, and experience a greater level of loneliness, which could lead to worsening symptoms. However, inpatient and outpatients’ differences in these variables have rarely been investigated. This study aimed to compare self-efficacy, resilience, and loneliness among people with schizophrenia from outpatients and inpatients. A total of 130 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were included in this study. The data were collected using the socio-demographic questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 (CD-RISC 10), and the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale Version 3. The Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and the t-test were used for data analysis. The results indicated that inpatient has higher self-efficacy and resilience than outpatients. Interestingly, inpatient significantly has lower loneliness than outpatients. The findings support the evidence of psychological differences in schizophrenia and provide a better understanding of different settings with this diagnosis. In the clinical practice, these results suggest developing interventions to enhance resilience and self-efficacy in schizophrenia. Keywords: Loneliness, Resilience, Self-Efficacy, Schizophrenia