bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of spin coating acceleration effect on the DSSC performance
Authors: Yıldız Yusuf , Bilen Kemal , Atılgan Abdullah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The optimization of the TiO2 mesoporous structure plays significant role in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to produce efficient devices. In this study, the TiO2 mesoporous layer was coated by using a spin coating equipment with different spin accelerations. As a consequence of this investigation, the impacts of the spin coating acceleration on the optoelectronic and electrical performance characteristics of the DSSC were investigated. It has been shown that altering the spin coating acceleration has a direct impact on the mesoporous layer, which in turn influences the absorption ability of dye. The light absorbance of the sample A5 (coated at 2000 rpm s−1) ascended drastically in accordance to other samples. Thanks to this augmentation in absorbance, the current density (J

SC
) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) values also improved. According to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, it was attained that recombination resistance values increases with the rising spin coating acceleration rates after 500 rpm s−1 and reaches up to highest value at 2000 rpm s−1. A relatively longer electron lifetime of 40.36 ms and recombination resistance of 12.22 Ω were obtained for the device coated at the rate of 2000 rpm s−1. The device coated at a rate of 2000 rpm s−1 had a PCE (5.51%) that was superior than other devices because of its improved light collecting ability, quick electron transport, suppressed electron recombination, and having longer electron life time. As a starting point for future investigations and applications, results of present study provide an insight into the optimal spin coating parameters for DSSC applications.
Enhancing the indoor performance of organic photovoltaic devices: interface engineering with an aminobenzoic-acid-based self-assembled monolayer
Authors: Oh Seunghyun , Kang Yelim , Kim Tae Hyuk , Kim Seon Joong , Lee Min Jong , Lee Gyeong Min , Saeed Muhammad Ahsan , Shim Jae Won 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Significant advances in the performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices can facilitate their use in internet of things applications. However, achieving excellent photostability and high efficiency using stable, efficient OPV devices in indoor settings is considerably difficult. To address this issue, a zinc oxide (ZnO) electron transport layer (ETL) was modified with a self-assembled monolayer of 4-aminobenzoic acid (ABA) in the present study, and the impact of this modification was correlated with the indoor performance of an OPV device with the PM6:L8-BO photoactive layer. The ABA-treated ZnO ETL exhibited a significant reduction in the work function (from 4.51 to 4.04 eV), surface roughness (from 0.201 to 0.177 nm), and hydrophilicity of an indium-tin-oxide electrode; this aided in selectively extracting charge carriers from the device and minimizing trap-assisted recombination losses. Additionally, the ABA treatment of the ZnO ETL considerably enhanced the electron mobility and recombination resistance. It reduced the trap density, thereby enabling the ZnO/ABA-based device to achieve improved performance. Consequently, the ZnO/ABA-based device exhibited a noteworthy 14.68% higher maximum power output than that of the device without any ZnO surface modification under 1000 lx halogen (HLG) illumination (P
out, max = 354.48 and 309 µA cm−2, respectively). Moreover, under thermal illumination conditions (1000 lx HLG lighting), the ZnO/ABA-based device sustained ∼74% of its initial power conversion efficiency over 120 h, significantly higher than its ABA-free equivalent (∼55%).
Recent progress towards smart transportation systems using triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Nguyen Minh Phuong , Huynh Nghia Dinh , Luu Thien Trung , Choi Dukhyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The field of transportation plays a crucial role in the development of society. It is vital to establish a smart transportation system to increase the convenience and security of human life. The incorporation of artificial intelligence and the internet of things into the traffic system has facilitated the emergence of innovative technologies like autonomous vehicles or unmanned aerial vehicles, which contribute to the reduction of traffic accidents and the liberation of human driving time. However, this improvement involves the use of multiple sensor devices that need external power sources. As a result, pollution occurs, as do increases in manufacturing costs. Therefore, the quest to develop sustainable energy remains a formidable obstacle. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a possible solution for addressing this problem owing to their exceptional performance and simple design. This article explores the use of TENG-based self-power sensors and their potential applications in the field of transportation. Furthermore, the data collected for this study might aid readers in enhancing their comprehension of the benefits linked to the use of these technologies to promote their creative ability.
Advancements and challenges in additive manufacturing: a comprehensive review
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhajit , Mahapatra Stephen Dilip , Mandal Nirmal Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing is an innovative new technology in which layers of materials are added strategically to produce three-dimensional structures. Over the course of recent years, it has undergone remarkable advancements, enabling the realization of intricate designs, shortening production timelines, and causing a transformative shift in manufacturing protocols. This comprehensive article examines the most recent advances and problems in additive manufacturing. The present paper provides a concise overview of the fundamental principles and methodologies of additive manufacturing. Subsequently, it delves into the latest advancements and cutting-edge technologies in this domain, including multimedia printing, bio printing, and metal 3D printing. Finally, this study concludes with future prospects and directions of this technology.
Detection of limit cycle signatures of El Niño in models and observations using reservoir computing
Authors: Guardamagna Francesco , Wieners Claudia , Fang Xianghui , Dijkstra Henk A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
While the physics of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon in the Tropical Pacific is quite well understood, there is still debate on several more fundamental aspects. The focus of this paper is on one of these issues that deals with whether ENSO variability, within the recharge-discharge oscillator theory arising from a stochastic Hopf bifurcation, is subcritical or supercritical. Using a Reservoir Computing method, we develop a criticality index as an indicator for the presence of a limit cycle in noisy time series. The utility of this index is shown in three members of a hierarchy of ENSO models: a conceptual box model, the classical Zebiak-Cane model and a state-of-the-art Global Climate Model. Finally, the criticality index is determined from observations, leading to the result that ENSO variability appears to be subcritical.
Reconstructing supply networks
Authors: Mungo Luca , Brintrup Alexandra , Garlaschelli Diego , Lafond François 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Network reconstruction is a well-developed sub-field of network science, but it has only recently been applied to production networks, where nodes are firms and edges represent customer-supplier relationships. We review the literature that has flourished to infer the topology of these networks by partial, aggregate, or indirect observation of the data. We discuss why this is an important endeavour, what needs to be reconstructed, what makes it different from other network reconstruction problems, and how different researchers have approached the problem. We conclude with a research agenda.
Women in power: the role of gender in renewable energy policymaking
Authors: Bansal Mriga , D’Agosti Natalia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Do female policymakers encourage the production of renewable energy compared to their male counterparts? Using instrumental variables, we conduct a cross-country analysis of 39 high-income countries for the years 1997–2020 using quota laws and women’s suffrage as instruments for women’s participation in the parliament. We find that a 1 percentage point increase in the proportion of women in the legislature increases renewable energy production by 1.54 percentage points. This study suggests that fostering policies that boost women’s participation in policy-making positions is beneficial, especially when considering the positive spillover to other countries.
Romantic Poets and the Laughter of Feeling
Authors: Ward Matthew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Romantic Poets and the Laughter of Feeling is a new and original reading of British Romanticism. While the Romantic period witnessed decisive interest in how feeling might align with forms of artistic expression, most critical studies have focused on the serious side and melancholic moods of Romantic poets. This book takes a markedly different approach, by embracing the sublime and the ridiculous, and revealing the decisive role laughter and the laughable play in Romantic emotions, aesthetics, and ethics. As this study uncovers, laughter was one of the principal means by which Romantics embraced and expanded upon, but also frequently aped and lampooned, sympathetic feeling. The laughter of feeling is both the expression of sympathy and an articulation of its implications, prejudices, and constraints. Voicing faith in sympathy, it also speaks to the complicated and ambivalent responses of Romantics to it: at once utterance, ideology, and irony. For Romantic poets like Wordsworth, Shelley, and Keats, the sound of laughter carries the hope that greater knowledge of others derives from feeling for and with them through poetry, and might lead to better understanding of oneself. Yet laughter also makes them all the more aware that our emotional lives are utterly unfamiliar and perhaps ultimately unknowable. Their prosody of laughter enlivens and exposes: embodies their sense of and ambitions for poetry, and calls those matters into the most comical and gravest doubt. Laughter helps define what it is to be human. This book shows that it also defines what it is to be a ‘Romantic’ poet.
Feeling Singular
Authors: Bascom Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Feeling Singular presents the early United States as a queer and messy world of social outcasts and eccentric personalities all vying—and in spectacular ways failing—for public attention. What image of the early United States emerges through the perspective of a cantankerous and workaday mechanic who botched his attempts to get people interested in his steamboat contraption? Through closely reading a range of texts—from manuscripts to hastily printed books, and from phonetically spelled pamphlets to sexually explicit broadsides—this book uses the language of queer studies to understand what makes someone singular in the early United States and how that singularity points at the ruptures in social codes that often get normalized through historical analysis. These figures include a struggling working-class mechanic named John Fitch; a formerly enslaved Black Revolutionary War veteran and Vermont farmer named Jeffrey Brace; a self-declared “Lord” named Timothy Dexter; Dexter’s strange “poet laureate” Jonathan Plummer; and lastly a hermit named William “Amos” Wilson. These singular life narratives provide noncanonical counters to what tends to be the staid studies of early U.S. literary cultures. By telling the stories of a motley set of characters, this book emphasizes the singular elements that constitute the lives that live under the shadow of cultural canons and norms. Departing from the likes of Benjamin Franklin, whom tradition positions as a paragon of self-production, this book offers the everyday queer failures that permeate the past.
Memorializing the Republic of Failure
Authors: Bascom Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the writings of a struggling working-class mechanic named John Fitch (1743–1798), who believed his was the genius to have discovered the ability to use steam power for mechanized automation. Fitch wrote an uncirculated multivolume manuscript about his life, and he used public forms of newsprint and pamphlet to work out his frustrations and animosity against a series of individuals he felt had balked his rise to prominence. Fitch is the ultimate anti-Franklinian figure, and his writings complicate accounts of republicanism, individualism, and the gendering of the public sphere.
Introduction to the EMBARK Approach
Authors: Brennan Bill , Belser Alex 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChapter 2 provides a rationale for the EMBARK approach, a therapeutic framework for administering psychedelic medicines. The authors assess previous PAT models, highlighting their strengths and shortcomings. They identify gaps in areas such as attentiveness to the body, attending to the therapeutic relationship, counseling for spiritual experiences, and ethical considerations. The chapter also discusses the challenges associated with prior PAT models, including (a) underdeveloped therapeutic frames and (b) single EBT-based PAT approaches. The EMBARK approach is presented as a solution to these challenges, offering a flexible and adaptable model for psychedelic therapy. EMBARK is an acronym, and its six clinical domains are outlined: Existential–Spiritual, Mindfulness, Body-Aware, Affective–Cognitive, Relational, and Keeping Momentum. EMBARK is also built upon a foundational belief that efficacious treatment is ethical treatment. It is built upon four cornerstones of care: Trauma-Informed Care, Culturally Competent Care, Ethically Rigorous Care, and Collective care.
EMBARK Mechanisms of Change in the Treatment of Depression
Authors: Brennan Bill , Belser Alex 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChapter 3 describes proposed psychological mechanisms of change within the EMBARK psychedelic therapy model for the treatment of depression. Twelve mechanisms of therapeutic change are described across the six EMBARK clinical domains: Existential–Spiritual: (a) spiritual self-development, (b) mystical experiences; Mindfulness: (c) freedom from rumination, (d) a more flexible identity, (e) greater compassion for oneself; Body-Aware: (f) embodiment and enlivenment, (g) somatic trauma processing; Affective–Cognitive: (h) transforming emotions and updating core beliefs, (i) increased acceptance of emotions; Relational: (j) relational repatterning, (k) increased interpersonal openness; Keeping Momentum: (l) building motivation for beneficial new habits and other life changes. Other potential mechanisms supported by the EMBARK approach are enumerated. A critique of the field’s overreliance on neurobiological mechanisms is offered. This chapter includes descriptions of the EBTs that inform the EMBARK approach to depression, including CBT approaches, emotion-focused therapy (EFT), motivational interviewing (MI), and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The influence of other modalities on EMBARK is also discussed: the hakomi method, compassion-focused therapy, and spiritual evocation.
A 5-step root cause analysis model for test overutilization: A study on its application to plasma transferrin testing
Authors: Jittapranerat Jiracha , Chinswangwatanakul Wimol 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to develop a root cause analysis (RCA) model for test overutilization, applying it to transferrin overordering at our institution.

Methods
A comprehensive review was undertaken to establish a systematic RCA model. Upon implementation, the questionnaire identifying the root causes of transferrin overordering with infographic intervention was distributed to clinicians and nurses.

Results
The RCA model comprises 5 steps: (1) problem identification, (2) causal factor determination, (3) data collection, (4) significant factor identification, and (5) corrective action development and outcome measurement. The major causes of transferrin overutilization were confusion between transferrin and transferrin saturation, as well as unfamiliarity with the laboratory handbook. An infographic reduced postintervention transferrin ordering among clinicians (84.9%, P &lt; .001) and nurses (46.8%, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
This study presents a 5-step RCA model that offers a customized method to identify the causes of test overutilization. Applying this model to transferrin at our institution revealed 22 leading root causes. Laboratories are encouraged to adopt this RCA model as it can contribute to optimized patient care and more efficient resource allocation.
A novel approach to study multi-domain motions in JAK1’s activation mechanism based on energy landscape
Authors: Sun Shengjie , Rodriguez Georgialina , Zhao Gaoshu , Sanchez Jason E , Guo Wenhan , Du Dan , Rodriguez Moncivais Omar J , Hu Dehua , Liu Jing , Kirken Robert Arthur , Li Lin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The family of Janus Kinases (JAKs) associated with the JAK–signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway plays a vital role in the regulation of various cellular processes. The conformational change of JAKs is the fundamental steps for activation, affecting multiple intracellular signaling pathways. However, the transitional process from inactive to active kinase is still a mystery. This study is aimed at investigating the electrostatic properties and transitional states of JAK1 to a fully activation to a catalytically active enzyme. To achieve this goal, structures of the inhibited/activated full-length JAK1 were modelled and the energies of JAK1 with Tyrosine Kinase (TK) domain at different positions were calculated, and Dijkstra’s method was applied to find the energetically smoothest path. Through a comparison of the energetically smoothest paths of kinase inactivating P733L and S703I mutations, an evaluation of the reasons why these mutations lead to negative or positive regulation of JAK1 are provided. Our energy analysis suggests that activation of JAK1 is thermodynamically spontaneous, with the inhibition resulting from an energy barrier at the initial steps of activation, specifically the release of the TK domain from the inhibited Four-point-one, Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin-PK cavity. Overall, this work provides insights into the potential pathway for TK translocation and the activation mechanism of JAK1.
Incorporating temporal information during feature engineering bolsters emulation of spatio-temporal emergence
Authors: Cain Jason Y , Evarts Jacob I , Yu Jessica S , Bagheri Neda 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Emergent biological dynamics derive from the evolution of lower-level spatial and temporal processes. A long-standing challenge for scientists and engineers is identifying simple low-level rules that give rise to complex higher-level dynamics. High-resolution biological data acquisition enables this identification and has evolved at a rapid pace for both experimental and computational approaches. Simultaneously harnessing the resolution and managing the expense of emerging technologies—e.g. live cell imaging, scRNAseq, agent-based models—requires a deeper understanding of how spatial and temporal axes impact biological systems. Effective emulation is a promising solution to manage the expense of increasingly complex high-resolution computational models. In this research, we focus on the emulation of a tumor microenvironment agent-based model to examine the relationship between spatial and temporal environment features, and emergent tumor properties.

Results
Despite significant feature engineering, we find limited predictive capacity of tumor properties from initial system representations. However, incorporating temporal information derived from intermediate simulation states dramatically improves the predictive performance of machine learning models. We train a deep-learning emulator on intermediate simulation states and observe promising enhancements over emulators trained solely on initial conditions. Our results underscore the importance of incorporating temporal information in the evaluation of spatio-temporal emergent behavior. Nevertheless, the emulators exhibit inconsistent performance, suggesting that the underlying model characterizes unique cell populations dynamics that are not easily replaced.

Availability and implementation
All source codes for the agent-based model, emulation, and analyses are publicly available at the corresponding DOIs: 10.5281/zenodo.10622155, 10.5281/zenodo.10611675, 10.5281/zenodo.10621244, respectively.
pyM2aia: Python interface for mass spectrometry imaging with focus on deep learning
Authors: Cordes Jonas , Enzlein Thomas , Hopf Carsten , Wolf Ivo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Summary
Python is the most commonly used language for deep learning (DL). Existing Python packages for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data are not optimized for DL tasks. We, therefore, introduce pyM2aia, a Python package for MSI data analysis with a focus on memory-efficient handling, processing and convenient data-access for DL applications. pyM2aia provides interfaces to its parent application M2aia, which offers interactive capabilities for exploring and annotating MSI data in imzML format. pyM2aia utilizes the image input and output routines, data formats, and processing functions of M2aia, ensures data interchangeability, and enables the writing of readable and easy-to-maintain DL pipelines by providing batch generators for typical MSI data access strategies. We showcase the package in several examples, including imzML metadata parsing, signal processing, ion-image generation, and, in particular, DL model training and inference for spectrum-wise approaches, ion-image-based approaches, and approaches that use spectral and spatial information simultaneously.

Availability and implementation
Python package, code and examples are available at (https://m2aia.github.io/m2aia)
Adaptive selection of the optimal strategy to improve precision and power in randomized trials
Authors: Balzer Laura B , Cai Erica , Godoy Garraza Lucas , Amaranath Pracheta 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Benkeser et al. demonstrate how adjustment for baseline covariates in randomized trials can meaningfully improve precision for a variety of outcome types. Their findings build on a long history, starting in 1932 with R.A. Fisher and including more recent endorsements by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Here, we address an important practical consideration: how to select the adjustment approach—which variables and in which form—to maximize precision, while maintaining Type-I error control. Balzer et al. previously proposed Adaptive Pre-specification within TMLE to flexibly and automatically select, from a prespecified set, the approach that maximizes empirical efficiency in small trials (N &lt; 40). To avoid overfitting with few randomized units, selection was previously limited to working generalized linear models, adjusting for a single covariate. Now, we tailor Adaptive Pre-specification to trials with many randomized units. Using V-fold cross-validation and the estimated influence curve-squared as the loss function, we select from an expanded set of candidates, including modern machine learning methods adjusting for multiple covariates. As assessed in simulations exploring a variety of data-generating processes, our approach maintains Type-I error control (under the null) and offers substantial gains in precision—equivalent to 20%-43% reductions in sample size for the same statistical power. When applied to real data from ACTG Study 175, we also see meaningful efficiency improvements overall and within subgroups.