bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome wide expression profiling identifies specific deregulated pathways in meningioma
Authors: Keller Andreas , Ludwig Nicole , Backes Christina , Romeike Bernd F.M. , Comtesse Nicole , Henn Wolfram , Steudel Wolf‐Ingo , Mawrin Christian , Lenhof Hans‐Peter , Meese Eckart 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGenome‐wide expression signatures improve the understanding of tumor biology. We performed expression profiling of 24 meningioma including 8 of each WHO grade and 2 dura controls analyzing 55.000 transcripts including 18.300 known genes. We compared expression in meningioma vs. dura, expression of low grade (WHO I) vs. higher‐grade (WHO II and WHO III) tumors and expression of meningothelial and syncytial meningioma vs. fibroblastic meningioma. Overall expression was significantly decreased in meningioma compared to dura and in meningothelial and syncytial compared to fibroblastic meningioma. Gene expression was exemplarily confirmed by immunohistochemistry using independent samples. Applying our statistical gene set analysis toolkit “GeneTrail”, we identified significantly deregulated biochemical pathways using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes and Transpath databases. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathways with decreased expression in meningioma included cell adhesion molecules (p < 0.0001) and cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions (p < 0.0001). Pathways with increased expression included several metabolic pathways. Extended expression profiling by a novel statistical gene set enrichment identified pathways that have previously not been associated with meningioma. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interferon‐inducible guanylate binding protein (GBP)‐2: A novel p53‐regulated tumor marker in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Guimarães Denise P. , Oliveira Ivanir M. , de Moraes Emanuela , Paiva Geisilene R. , Souza Daniel M. , Barnas Christoph , Olmedo Daniele B. , Pinto Carlos E. , Faria Paulo A. , De Moura Gallo Claudia Vitoria , Small Isabele A. , Ferreira Carlos G. , Hainaut Pierre 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTP53 mutations are common in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). To identify biological markers of possible relevance in esophageal SCC, we (i) searched for genes expressed in a p53‐dependent manner in TE‐1, an esophageal SCC cell line expressing the temperature‐sensitive TP53 mutant V272M, and (ii) investigated the expression of one of those genes, the interferon‐inducible Guanylate Binding Protein 2 (GBP‐2), in esophageal SCC tissues. Clontech Human Cancer 1.2 arrays containing 1,176 human cancer gene‐related sequences were used to identify differentially expressed genes in TE‐1 cells at permissive (32°C) and nonpermissive (37°C) temperatures. The expression of GBP‐2 and IRF‐1, its main transcriptional regulator, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a retrospective series of 41 esophageal SCC cases with a clear transition zone from noncancer, apparently normal epithelium to invasive cancer. The expression of the GBP‐2 gene is consistently increased in TE‐1 at 32°C in a p53‐dependent manner, as confirmed by inhibition of p53 expression by RNA interference. Increase in GBP‐2 is accompanied by an increase in protein levels of IRF‐1, the main transcriptional regulator of GBP‐2, and in the formation of complexes between p53 and IRF‐1. GBP‐2 expression is significantly higher in esophageal SCC than in adjacent normal epithelium (p < 0.01), in which GBP‐2 staining is limited to the basal layer. Our results suggest that p53 up‐regulates GBP‐2 by cooperating with IRF‐1. The association of GBP‐2 expression with proliferative squamous cells suggests that GBP‐2 may represent a marker of interest in esophageal SCC. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Telomere homolog oligonucleotides induce apoptosis in malignant but not in normal lymphoid cells: Mechanism and therapeutic potential
Authors: Longe Harold O. , Romesser Paul B. , Rankin Andrew M. , Faller Douglas V. , Eller Mark S. , Gilchrest Barbara A. , Denis Gerald V. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHuman B‐ or T‐cell lymphoma lines and primary murine lymphomas were treated with DNA oligonucleotides homologous to the telomere (TTAGGG repeat; “T‐oligo”), either alone or in combination with standard, widely‐used anticancer chemotherapeutic agents. T‐oligo induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cultured human or murine B or T‐lymphoma cell lines and primary tumor cells, but exerts no detectable toxicity on normal human or murine primary lymphocytes. Exposure to T‐oligo is hypothesized to mimic exposure of the 3′ telomere repeat sequence, activating the ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase, which phosphorylates downstream effectors such as p53, but effects are not dependent solely on functional p53. T‐oligo causes early S‐phase arrest and cooperates well with G2‐ or M‐phase‐specific anticancer agents; when combined at 1/10th of the conventional dose, vincristine and T‐oligo produce greater‐than‐additive killing of human or murine lymphoma cells (78% of cells undergoing apoptosis after 6 hr vs. 5% of control cells). In mice, 1/10th of the conventional dose of a standard combination of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone is twice as effective when used in combination with low dose T‐oligo. Thus, T‐oligo sensitizes tumors to traditional anticancer agents and represents a potentially important new addition to the therapeutic arsenal for aggressive lymphomas. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of the effects of smoking and DNA repair capacity on coefficients of a carcinogenesis model for lung cancer
Authors: Deng Li , Kimmel Marek , Foy Millennia , Spitz Margaret , Wei Qingyi , Gorlova Olga 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNumerous prospective and retrospective studies have clearly demonstrated a dose‐related increased lung cancer risk associated with cigarette smoking, with evidence also for a genetic component to risk. In this study, using the two‐stage clonal expansion stochastic model framework, for the first time we investigated the roles of both genetic susceptibility and smoking history in the initiation, clonal expansion, and malignant transformation processes in lung carcinogenesis, integrating information collected by a case–control study and a large‐scale prospective cohort study. Our results show that individuals with suboptimal DNA repair capacity have enhanced transition rates of key events in carcinogenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of osteoblast function in vitro by aminobisphosphonates
Authors: Orriss Isabel R. , Key Michelle L. , Colston Kay W. , Arnett Timothy R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBisphosphonates are analogues of pyrophosphate, a key physicochemical inhibitor of mineralisation. We examined the direct actions of bisphosphonates on the function of cultured osteoblasts derived from rat calvariae. Treatment with zoledronate, the most potent bisphosphonate studied, reduced osteoblast number at concentrations ≥100 nM and was strongly toxic at 10 µM, causing a threefold decrease in osteoblast viability after 2 days and a 90% decrease in cell numbers after 14 days. In control osteoblast cultures on plastic, abundant formation of ‘trabecular’ mineralised bone matrix nodules began after 10 days. Continuous exposure to zoledronate inhibited bone mineralisation at concentrations as low as 10 nM. Pamidronate and clodronate exerted similar effects but at higher doses (≥1 and ≥10 µM, respectively). Short‐term or intermittent exposure of osteoblasts to zoledronate and pamidronate (1–10 µM) was sufficient to inhibit bone mineralisation by ≥85%. Zoledronate but not pamidronate or clodronate also strongly inhibited osteoblast alkaline phosphatase activity at concentrations ≥100 nM and soluble collagen production at concentrations ≥1 µM. We additionally studied the effects of zoledronate on osteoblasts cultured on dentine, a bone‐like mineralised substrate, observing similar inhibitory effects, although at concentrations 10–100‐fold higher; this shift presumably reflected adsorption of zoledronate to dentine mineral. Thus, zoledronate blocked bone formation in two ways: first, a relatively non‐toxic, selective inhibition of mineralisation at concentrations in the low nanomolar range and second, a cytotoxic inhibition of osteoblast growth and function at concentrations ≥1 µM. Although no data are available on the bisphosphonate concentrations that osteoblasts could be exposed to in vivo, our results are consistent with earlier observations that bisphosphonates may inhibit bone formation. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 109–118, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of 19‐trideuterated ent‐testosterone and the GABAA receptor potentiators ent‐androsterone and ent‐etiocholanolone
Authors: Komarapuri Shirisha , Krishnan Kathiresan , Covey Douglas F. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract19‐Trideuteromethyl enantiomers of androgens namely ent‐testosterone, ent‐androsterone and ent‐etiocholanolone were prepared by total synthesis. The isotope labeling at the C‐19 angular methyl group was achieved by using deuterated methyl iodide (99.5% d3) for introduction of C‐19 before closure of the steroid A‐ring. This method yields 19,19,19‐trideuterated steroids without increasing the number of steps involved in the total synthesis of ent‐androgens. Analysis by mass spectrometry (MS) showed no loss of deuterium during incorporation of C‐19 into ent‐testosterone. The availability of the compounds will enable these ent‐androgens to be distinguished by MS from their natural enantiomers in future pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CADASIL: Extended polymorphisms and mutational analysis of the NOTCH3 gene
Authors: Ungaro C. , Mazzei R. , Conforti F.L. , Sprovieri T. , Servillo P. , Liguori M. , Citrigno L. , Gabriele A.L. , Magariello A. , Patitucci A. , Muglia M. , Quattrone A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCADASIL is a cerebrovascular disease caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. Most mutations result in a gain or loss of cysteine residue in one of the 34 epidermal growth factor‐like repeats in the extracellular domain of the Notch3 protein, thus sparing the number of cysteine residues. To date, more than 130 different mutations in the NOTCH3 gene have been reported in CADASIL patients, of which 95% are missense point mutations. Many polymorphisms have also been identified in the NOTCH3 coding sequence, some of them leading to amino acid substitutions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the NOTCH3 gene in a large group of patients affected by leukoencephalopathy and to investigate the presence of genetic variants. The molecular analysis revealed several nucleotide alterations. In particular, we identified 20 different mutations, 22 polymorphisms, and 8 genetic variants of unknown pathological significance never reported previously. We hope that this NOTCH3 gene mutational analysis, performed in such a significant number of unrelated and related patients affected by leukoencephalopathy, will help in molecular screening for the NOTCH3 gene, thus contributing to enlargement of the NOTCH3 gene variation database. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Schmorl's nodes in a post‐medieval skeletal sample from Klostermarienberg, Austria
Authors: Üstündağ H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe prevalence and distribution pattern of Schmorl's nodes (SNs) were studied in a post‐medieval skeletal sample (n = 473) from the 16th–18thcentury cemetery of Klostermarienberg, Austria. The reasons for the prevalence and distribution pattern of SNs in this sample are discussed with regard to their aetiology. SNs were correlated with age and sex as well as with degenerative spinal joint disease such as vertebral osteophytosis (VO) and apophyseal osteoarthritis (OA). SNs were most commonly found in the lower thoracic region, in agreement with other studies. Males were more affected than females by SNs, especially in the lower thoracic region. SNs show a completely different distribution pattern to VO and OA. Additionally, there was no relationship found between SNs and ageing. Observed differences in the prevalence of SNs in the vertebral column and between the sexes suggest that mechanical factors may be responsible. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Second‐trimester Down syndrome maternal serum marker screening: a prospective study of 11 040 twin pregnancies
Authors: Garchet‐Beaudron Aurélie , Dreux Sophie , Leporrier Nathalie , Oury Jean‐François , Muller Françoise 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the value of Down syndrome (DS) second‐trimester maternal serum screening in large series of twin pregnancies.MethodsProspective study of second‐trimester maternal serum markers [alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and free β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin (β‐hCG)] in 11 040 twin pregnancies, 27 of which were trisomy 21‐affected. Comparison with 64 815 singleton pregnancies, of which 86 were trisomy 21‐affected. Markers were expressed in multiple of median (MoM) corrected by a previously defined coefficient (2.1 for AFP and 2.07 or 2.16 for free β‐hCG, dichorionic or monochorionic, respectively).ResultsTrisomy 21 frequency was 1/649 for twins and 1/754 in singletons (NS). Mean detection rate was 63% (71% when both twins were affected and 60% when one was affected), versus 74.4% in singletons. False‐positive rates were 10.8% in twins versus 10.3% in singletons (NS). No significant differences in MoM AFP and free β‐hCG values were noted between twins and singletons (0.92 and 0.78 for AFP and 1.54 and 2.68 for free β‐hCG, respectively).ConclusionOur study demonstrates that second‐trimester DS maternal serum marker screening can be performed in twin pregnancies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel organosoluble aromatic polyimides bearing pendant methoxy‐substituted triphenylamine moieties: Synthesis, electrochromic, and gas separation properties
Authors: Chang Cha‐Wen , Yen Hung‐Ju , Huang Kuan‐Yeh , Yeh Jui‐Ming , Liou Guey‐Sheng 
Published: November 2008

AbstractFour series of polyimides I–VI with pendent triphenylamine (TPA) units having inherent viscosities of 0.44–0.88 dL/g were prepared from four diamines with two commercially available tetracarboxylic dianhydrides via a conventional two‐step procedure that included a ring‐opening polyaddition to give polyamic acids, followed by chemical cyclodehydration. These polymers were amorphous and could afford flexible films. All the polyimides had useful levels of thermal stability associated with high softening temperatures (279–300 °C), 10% weight‐loss temperatures in excess of 505 °C, and char yields at 800 °C in nitrogen higher than 58%. The hole‐transporting and electrochromic properties were examined by electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyimide films cast onto an indium‐tin oxide (ITO)‐coated glass substrate exhibited a or two reversible oxidation couples at 0.65–0.78 and 1.00–1.08 V versus Ag/AgCl in acetonitrile solution. The polymer films revealed electrochromic characteristics with a color change from neutral pale yellowish to blue doped form at applied potentials ranging from 0.00 to 1.20 V. The CO2 permeability coefficients (P) and permeability selectivity (P/P) for these polyimide membranes were in the range of 4.73–16.82 barrer and 9.49–51.13, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7937–7949, 2008
Synthesis of self‐healing supramolecular rubbers from fatty acid derivatives, diethylene triamine, and urea
Authors: Montarnal Damien , Cordier Philippe , Soulié‐Ziakovic Corinne , Tournilhac François , Leibler Ludwik 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of supramolecular self‐healing elastomers from vegetable oil fatty acid derivatives, diethylene triamine, and urea. Our strategy to obtain materials that are self‐healing but do not flow relies on the use of a wide molecular distribution of randomly branched oligomers equipped with self‐complementary and complementary hydrogen bonding groups. We prepared such oligomers with a two steps procedure. In the first step, diethylene triamine was condensed with dimer acids. In the second step, the oligomers obtained were allowed to react with urea. The molecules were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopies and Monte‐Carlo simulations were used to analyze the molecular size distribution. The sensitivity to small variations of the experimental conditions has been examined and the robustness of the synthetic procedure optimized. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7925–7936, 2008
New chemosensory materials based on disubstituted polyacetylene with strong green fluorescence
Authors: Zeng Qi , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Jim Cathy K. W. , Qin Anjun , Qin Jingui , Li Zhen , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA new imidazole‐containing disubstituted polyacetylene (P1) with strong green fluorescence was successfully prepared through polymer reaction, which was nearly impossible to be obtained from the direct polymerization of its corresponding monomer. The polymer was soluble in common organic solvents, and its strong green fluorescence could be quenched completely by the Cu2+ and Co2+ ions, at the concentrations as low as 1.33 and 1.67 × 10−5 mol/L (0.85 and 0.92 ppm), respectively. Because of the high stability of the complex formed by cyanide and copper ions, the quenched green fluorescence of P1 by copper ions could be turned on upon the addition of trace cyanide (as low as 2.70 × 10−5 mol/L, 0.70 ppm), making P1 a new sensitive cyanide chemosensor. The results thus provided a new opportunity to develop anion chemosensors based on good cation chemosensors. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 8070–8080, 2008
Synthesis of P(AA‐SA)/ZnO composite latex particles via inverse miniemulsion polymerization and its application in pH regulation and UV shielding
Authors: Luo Ying‐Da , Dai Chi‐An , Chiu Wen‐Yen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPoly(acrylic acid‐co‐sodium acrylate)/zinc oxide, P(AA‐SA)/ZnO, composite latex particles were synthesized by inverse miniemulsion polymerization. The ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and undergone oleic acid (OA) surface treatment. The X‐ray diffraction pattern and FT‐IR spectra characterized the crystal structure and functional groups of OA‐ZnO nanoparticles. An appropriate formulation in preparing P(AA‐SA) latex particles, ensuring the dominant in situ particle nucleation and growth, was developed in our experiment first. Sodium hydroxide was chosen as a costabilizer, because of its ability to increase the deprotonation of acylic acid and enhance the hydrophilicity of monomer, acrylic acid besides providing osmotic pressure. The growth mechanism of P(AA‐SA)/ZnO composite particles was proposed. The OA‐ZnO nanoparticles were adsorbed on or around the surface of P(AA‐SA) latex particles by hydrophobic interaction, thus enhanced the interfacial tension over latex particles. The P(AA‐SA)/ZnO composite latex particles owned better thermal stability than pure latex particles. The pH regulation capacity was excellent for both ZnO and P(AA‐SA) particles. Combining P(AA‐SA) and ZnO nanoparticles into composite particles, the performance in pH regulation and UV shielding was discussed from our experimental results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 8081–8090, 2008
Pharmacological studies on siculine syrup. II: effects on smooth, skeletal and cardiovascular muscle preparations
Authors: Kwanashie H. O. , Ejiofor J. I. , Abdu‐Aguye I. , Nkweteyim J. N. , Olanipekun M. R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEarlier pharmacological screening showed that siculine syrup (a traditional herbal remedy purported to be useful in the prevention and treatment of sickle cell pain – crises, due to sickle cell anaemia – SCA) had antisickling and analgesic activities as well as antimicrobial and diuretic effects. SCA is an important haemoglobinopathy in Africa and many other communities/countries worldwide, with relatively high morbidity and mortality. The present study was to determine the effects of the extract on various isolated muscle preparations – smooth, skeletal and cardiovascular. Siculine (4–20 µg/mL), like acetylcholine (40–400 µg/mL), contracted the isolated rat uterus concentration dependently. Similar effects were observed with the guinea‐pig ileum and rabbit jejunum (2–20 µg/mL). In contrast to these effects, the direct (muscle) and indirect (nerve) stimulations of rat phrenic nerve–diaphragm were relaxed by siculine (4 and 8 µg/mL) and d‐tubocurarine (0.8 µg/mL). Siculine also concentration‐dependently decreased both the rate and force of contraction of guinea‐pig atria and rabbit heart and also resulted in a fall in cat blood pressure in a manner similar to those of acetylcholine. The possible therapeutic and/or toxicological consequences of these effects including the hypotensive activity is noteworthy since siculine syrup is used by the local population for the prevention and treatment of sickle cell pain crises. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibitory effects of antrodins A–E from Antrodia cinnamomea and their metabolites on hepatitis C virus protease
Authors: Phuong Do Thi , Ma Chao‐Mei , Hattori Masao , Jin Jong Sik 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAntrodia cinnamomea is a highly valued folk medicine used for liver cancer, a disease often caused by the long term infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV). In the present study, the maleic and succinic acid constituents (antrodins A–E) of this medicinal fungus, the in vivo metabolites of antrodin C and the analogue of one of the metabolites were tested for their inhibitory activity on HCV protease. Most of the compounds showed potent inhibitory activity, with antrodin A being the most potent (IC50 = 0.9 µg/mL). Antrodin A was isolated as one of the constituents of A. cinnamomea and was also detected as an in vivo metabolite of the major constituent antrodin C. The mode of inhibition for antrodin A on HCV protease was revealed by a Lineweaver‐Burk plot as competitive inhibition. These results strongly support the use of this folk medicine for liver cancer and HCV infection which is a global problem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immunomodulatory activity of isoflavones isolated from Iris germanica (Iridaceae) on T‐lymphocytes and cytokines
Authors: Nazir Nighat , Koul Surrinder , Qurishi Mushtaq Ahmad , Taneja Subhash Chander , Ahmad Sheikh Fayaz , Khan Beenish , Bani Sarang , Qazi Ghulam Nabi 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe immunomodulatory activities of two isoflavones, 5,7‐dihydroxy‐6,4′‐dimethoxyisoflavone (irisolidone) (1) and 5,4′‐dihydroxy‐6,7‐methylenedioxyisoflavone (irilone) (2) isolated from Iris germanica (Iridaceae) is reported. Their influence on production of T‐lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+ cells) and T‐cell cytokines, namely Th1: IL‐2, IFN‐γ and Th2: IL‐4 and IL‐5 in a dose‐dependent manner was studied by flow cytometric method in Balb/c mice. Oral administration of drugs at doses of 0.1–0.8 mg/kg per oral dose showed 1 to possess stimulatory activity on T‐cells and Th1 cytokine production, while as 2 acted as an immunosuppressant for both cells and cytokines. The methylated products of 1 and 2 showed a similar trend to that of their parent compounds but their activity was drastically decreased revealing the importance of free phenolic groups for their immunomodulating activities. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.