bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral triple sequential combination therapy for treating patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Qin‐Hua , Chen Jun , Chen Fa‐Dong , Ruan Hong‐Yun , Zhang Wei , Zhou Yan‐Li , Wang Qi‐Qi , Xu Xiao‐Ling , Feng Ke‐Fu , Guo Jian‐Zhou , Gong Su‐Gang , Zhang Rui‐Feng , Wang Lan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an oral sequential triple combination therapy with selexipag after dual combination therapy with endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitor (PDE5I)/riociguat in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. A total of 192 PAH patients from 10 centers had received oral sequential selexipag therapy after being on dual‐combination therapy with ERA and PDE5i/riociguat for a minimum of 3 months. Clinical data were collected at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. The study analyzed the event‐free survival at 6 months and all‐cause death over 2 years. At baseline, the distribution of patients among the risk groups was as follows: 22 in the low‐risk group, 35 in the intermediate‐low‐risk group, 91 in the intermediate‐high‐risk group, and 44 in the high‐risk group. After 6 months of treatment, the oral sequential triple combination therapy resulted in reduced NT‐proBNP levels (media from 1604 to 678 pg/mL), a decline in the percentage of WHO‐FC III/IV (from 79.2% to 60.4%), an increased in the 6MWD (from 325 ± 147 to 378 ± 143 m) and a rise in the percentage of patients with three low‐risk criteria (from 5.7% to 13.5%). Among the low‐risk group, there was an improvement in the right heart remodeling, marked by a decrease in right atrium area and eccentricity index. The intermediate‐low‐risk group exhibited significant enhancements in WHO‐FC and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. For those in the intermediate‐high and high‐risk groups, there were marked improvements in activity tolerance, as reflected by WHO‐FC and 6MWD. The event‐free survival rate at 6 months stood at 88%. Over the long‐term follow‐up, the survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 86.5% and 86.0%, respectively. In conclusion, the oral sequential triple combination therapy enhanced both exercise capacity and cardiac remodeling across PAH patients of different risk stratifications.
Pathologically expanded peripheral CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T‐cell subset promotes B‐cell hyperactivity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bai Ziran , Liu Rui , Liu Jiaqing , Zhang Cheng , Wang Zilong , Qi Jingjing , Tang Yawei , Li Xia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by destructive polyarthritis, and abnormal T–B‐cell interactions may contribute to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and roles of CD4+ programmed death 1 (PD‐1)+Foxp3− T cells in relation to the B‐cell response in patients with RA.MethodsThis study included 155 patients with RA and 36 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs) from the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University in China. Flow cytometry was used to assess the proportion and properties of peripheral CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3+ T cells, including their proliferation, activation, cytokine production, and capacity to induce B‐cell differentiation.ResultsThe proportion of CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T cells was increased in patients with RA compared with HCs ([10.78 ± 0.60]% vs. [5.67 ± 0.40]%, p < 0.001), and this was positively associated with the B‐cell response. Compared with CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3+ T cells, CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T cells from patients with RA exhibited increased expression of Ki67 ([6.52 ± 0.41]% vs. [3.87 ± 0.42]%, p < 0.01) and activation markers, produced higher levels of cytokines, and showed enhanced B‐cell differentiation. Furthermore, anti‐interleukin‐6R antagonists decreased the proportion, activation, and cytokine production of CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T cells in vitro. The frequency of type 2 CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T cells was significantly higher in patients with RA than that in HCs ([37.27 ± 1.43]% vs. [29.05 ± 1.30]%, p < 0.05).ConclusionsPeripherally expanded CD4+PD‐1+Foxp3− T cells in patients with RA, which induced B‐cell hyperactivity, may be inclined toward type 2 helper T cells. Our findings revealed a novel T‐cell subset that contributes to B‐cell hyperactivity in the pathogenesis of RA.
Integrating Paper‐Based Microfluidics and Lateral Flow Strip into Nucleic Acid Amplification Device toward Rapid, Low‐Cost, and Visual Diagnosis of Multiple Mycobacteria
Authors: Wu Tao , Shen Chenlan , Zhao Zhenzhen , Lyu Mengyuan , Bai Hao , Hu Xuejiao , Zhao Junwei , Zhang Ru , Qian Kun , Xu Gaolian , Ying Binwu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEfficient diagnosis of mycobacterial infections can effectively manage and prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. Unfortunately, existing diagnostic strategies are challenged by long assay times, high costs, and highly specialized expertise to distinguish between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary diseases (NTM‐PDs). Herein, in this study, an optimized 3D paper‐based analytical device (µPAD) is incorporated with a closed lateral flow (LF) strip into a loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) device (3D‐µPAD‐LF‐LAMP) for rapid, low‐cost, and visual detection of pathogenic mycobacteria. The platform's microfluidic feature enhanced the nucleic acid amplification, thereby reducing the costs and time as compared to boiling, easyMAG, and QIAGEN techniques. Moreover, the LF unit is specifically designed to minimize aerosol contamination for a user‐friendly and visual readout. 3D‐µPAD‐LF‐LAMP is optimized and assessed using standard strains, demonstrating a limit of detection (LOD) down to 10 fg reaction−1. In a cohort of 815 patients, 3D‐µPAD‐LF‐LAMP displays significantly better sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), positive predictive value (PPV), and diagnostic accuracy than conventional bacterial culture and Xpert techniques. Collectively, 3D‐µPAD‐LF‐LAMP demonstrates enhanced accessibility, efficiency, and practicality for the diagnosis of multiple pathogenic mycobacteria, which can be applied across diverse clinical settings, thereby ultimately improving public health outcomes.
Impacts of Konjac Glucomannan on the Pasting, Texture, and Rheological Properties of Potato Starch with Different Heat–Moisture Treatments
Authors: Wu Kao , Tao Yuxuan , Cheng Junjie , Zeng Yang , Wang Ran , Yan Xu , Jiang Fatang , Chen Sheng , Zhao Xiaojun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFew studies reported the impact of hydrocolloid addition on starches after heat moisture treatment (HMT). In this study, potato starch is modified by HMT under different moisture content (18–35%), and the impact of konjac glucomannan (KGM) addition on the pasting, gel texture, and rheological properties of potato starch after HMT are investigated. The results showed that after HMT, the granule structure of the starch is changed with higher heat stability, shown as higher pasting temperature and trough viscosity. The impact of KGM addition is similar on the potato starch before and after HMT, but the change extent of the latter is larger in most cases, such as decreased pasting temperature and gel hardness, increased peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and final viscosity. This indicated that KGM benefited the gelatinization behavior of HMT starch but might not enhance the retrogradation process. The intrinsic high viscosity of KGM in water resulted in a softer starch gel and also contributed to the enhanced shear stress of the mixture paste. Therefore, the impact of KGM on the HMT starch is more significant than the original starch, and this guided the use of HMT starch in the food industry with other hydrocolloid involvement.
Formulation and free vibration analysis of spinning Timoshenko composite beams using nonlinear geometrically exact theory
Authors: Beiranvand Hossein , Hosseini Seyyed Ali Asghar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, a set of generalized nonlinear equations of motion for Timoshenko composite shafts is derived using the geometrically exact approach. These partial differential equations of motion are discretized by Galerkin method and the free vibration of an orthotropic spinning shaft with hinged‐hinged boundary conditions is investigated using the multiple‐scale method. We find that in the case of two mode discretization, composite couplings can have significant linear and nonlinear effects on the behavior of the shaft and that these effects were not predictable in the classical model. Also, in the investigating of composite layering we find that the effects of the fibers angle as well as the composite couplings can be noticeable, and these effects are greater in the case of the asymmetrical layering.
3D Archaeology and Cultural Heritage: Where Are We Today?
Authors: Hostettler Marco , Buhlke Anja , Drummer Clara , Emmenegger Lea , Reich Johannes , Stäheli Corinne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough the basics of 3D technologies developed rather early on, only today are we seeing a steep increase in the application of 3D technologies in archaeological practice. This volume aims to give a broad overview of possible applications in the field, but also to open a discussion about the challenges and problematic aspects of this method so far. Only if there is an awareness of the implications and challenges of implementing this new technology in the everyday practice of field and research archaeology can archaeology take full advantage of its possibilities.
3D Content in Europeana: The Challenges of Providing Access
Authors: Fernie Kate 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEuropeana is an online platform that provides access to millions of items of digital content from Europe’s museums, galleries, libraries, archives and research institutions. Although 3D documentation has become more common in recent years, the majority of the content accessible via Europeana comprises of images and text documents. This chapter describes the context and general challenges of making 3D content accessible online, and the specific challenges for Europeana. The creation of highly accurate 3D models of monuments, buildings and museum objects has become more widespread in research, conservation, management and to provide access to heritage for education and tourism. Yet this is still a developing field and organisations that are commissioning 3D media need to make a series of choices on the type of content that is created, how it will be visualised online and for which users. The challenges of storing and providing access to this content include the multiplicity of content types and formats, the technology requirements and limitations faced by different audiences, and issues such as low standardisation, the complexity and volumes of data involved, interoperability, and lack of metadata. Working collaboratively in developing standards for 3D content formats and metadata will increase interoperability, improve access, storage and preservation of 3D media.
Balancing Data Storage and User Functionality: The 3D and Archaeological Data Strategy of the Tracing the Potter’s Wheel Knowledge Hub
Authors: Opgenhaffen Loes , Jeffra Caroline , Hilditch Jill 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Tracing the Potter’s Wheel (TPW) project is designed to identify and assess the appearance of the potter’s wheel as a technological innovation within the Bronze Age Aegean through the integration of experimental, analytical and digital archaeological approaches. A major output of the project is a technologically-focused archive that collates, presents and enhances research data about forming technology for archaeological and experimental ceramics. Another important project aim is to untangle relational and contextually-rich data storage for 3D models, with a particular focus on both metadata and paradata. Moreover, by disentangling the 3D models and treating them as an integrated part of the archive rather than a separately presented class, the project’s active, multivocal knowledge base explicitly integrates the often-separated complementary perspectives on archaeological datasets, dubbed the TPW Knowledge Hub. To reach these divergent yet intricate objectives, TPW introduces the approach of designerly thinking into digital archaeological practice for the design of a user-focused interface to share information and knowledge with peers and the general public. Ultimately, the TPW archive serves as a dynamic learning tool uniting archaeological data storage with additional open-access publications and resources.
Sharing and Caring for the Bioarchaeological Heritage: What Should We Do With 3D Data in the Post-acquisition Stage?
Authors: Pendić Jugoslav , Jovanović Jelena , Marković Jelena , Stefanović Sofija 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses ways of collecting, storing and sharing 3D datasets of large archaeological assemblages, taking as a case study the Lepenski Vir anthropological collection. Several hundred human bones from individuals dated to Mesolithic-Neolithic have been digitalised through the use of image-based modelling, as well as volumetric and dedicated 3D scanners. The project was centred on providing undisturbed and meaningful options for accessing 3D scans of normally restrictively available physical samples, as well as establishing a base ground for further use of digital output. The results have been presented through the 3DHOP environment, providing a proxy to geometry and texture information, as well as contextual information about the finds. The authors elaborate on the workflow and storing strategies, as well as the possibilities for the public to interact with the digital catalogue. The paper also takes note of sensitivity of the digital 3D content created on the basis of archaeological record – and specifically human remains – for the process of online sharing.
Particle Diffusion Process with Artificial Control: Diffusion Metamaterials
Authors: Yang Fu-Bao , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiffusion acts as a fundamental process for both energy and mass movement, showcasing dynamics that differs from wave propagation. The emergence of metamaterials provides a robust platform for custom manipulations of mass diffusion, drawing on principles like transformation theory and scattering-cancellation theory. Such manipulations have set the stage for novel findings and pioneering applications. This chapter delves into a thorough analysis of the recent progress in diffusion metamaterials. Earlier studies are methodically categorized based on diffusion models, delving deeply into the related theories, applications, finite-element simulations, and experimental approaches of different mechanisms. The chapter wraps up with a scrutiny of the inherent challenges tied to the theoretical underpinnings and architectural design of diffusion metamaterials. Some of these challenges are seen as potentially mitigated by upcoming approaches, such as pseudo-conformal mapping and machine-learning methodologies.
Beyond Traditional Thermal Convection: Spatiotemporal Modulation in Metamaterials
Authors: Zhao Yuqian , Xu Liujun , Yang Fubao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter provides a review of one of the mechanisms underlying thermal convection in thermal metamaterials–the spatiotemporal modulation technique. In light of the current energy crisis, the significance of thermal management has become increasingly pronounced, with thermal convection offering versatility to the design of thermal metamaterials. While the motion of liquids or solids is a typical means of generating thermal convection, this chapter emphasizes that spatiotemporal modulation is also used to produce effects analogous to traditional thermal convection. Such modulation enhances the material’s intrinsic properties by dynamically adjusting its microstructures, significantly improving the ability of thermal metamaterials to regulate heat transfer. Additionally, the chapter delves into the use of spatiotemporal modulation to achieve thermal non-reciprocity and highlights its potential in controlling thermal transfer. Overall, spatiotemporal modulation presents an innovative perspective and platform for the research and application of thermal metamaterials, anticipated to play a pivotal role in future scientific investigations and technological advancements.
Difference of Hilbert series of homogeneous monoid algebras and their normalizations
Authors: Higashitani Akihiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLet Q be an affine monoid, $$\Bbbk [Q]$$

k
[
Q
]

the associated monoid $$\Bbbk $$
k
-algebra, and $$\Bbbk [\overline{Q}]$$

k
[

Q
¯

]

its normalization, where we let $$\Bbbk $$
k
be a field. We discuss a difference of the Hilbert series of $$\Bbbk [Q]$$

k
[
Q
]

and $$\Bbbk [\overline{Q}]$$

k
[

Q
¯

]

in the case where $$\Bbbk [Q]$$

k
[
Q
]

is homogeneous (i.e., standard graded). More precisely, we prove that if $$\Bbbk [Q]$$

k
[
Q
]

satisfies Serre’s condition $$(S_2)$$

(

S
2

)

, then the degree of the h-polynomial of $$\Bbbk [Q]$$

k
[
Q
]

is always greater than or equal to that of $$\Bbbk [\overline{Q}]$$

k
[

Q
¯

]

. Moreover, we also show counterexamples of this statement if we drop the assumption $$(S_2)$$

(

S
2

)

.
Evaluation of lamina papyracea dehiscence with paranasal computed tomography
Authors: Deniz Muhammed Akif , Tekinhatun Muhammed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The lamina papyracea is the thin line between the ethmoid sinus and the medial orbital wall. Knowledge of the presence of the lamina papyracea dehiscence (LPD) bears critical importance to prevent misdiagnosis of fractures at this level and to define the anatomy before sinonasal surgery, including Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS). The present study is therefore intended to determine the incidence of LPD in paranasal computed tomography, to identify its imaging characteristics in CT, and to compare with the literature.

Materials and methods
The current study included patients who underwent paranasal CT scanning for any reason in our clinic between January 2018 and January 2022. Patients were evaluated in terms of age, gender, and presence of LPD. Patients with dehiscence were evaluated in terms of age, gender, dehiscence localization (right, left), tissue at the level of dehiscence, dehiscence size, and dehiscence grade.

Results
1000 patients with a mean age of 32. ± 16.3 (min = 18-max = 79) were included in the study. 20 patients (2%) were found to have LPD. Of those with LPD, 14 (70%) were grade 1, 4 (20%) were grade 2 and 2 (10%) were grade 3. Again of those with LPD, 14 (70%) had LPD localized on the right and 6 (30%) had LPD on the left. In 12 (60%) of the patients with LPD, herniated tissue was detected. Among these patients with herniation, fatty tissue herniation was observed in 10 (83.3%) and medial rectus muscle herniation was observed in 2 (16.7%).

Discussion and Conclusion
Comprehensive evaluation for and identification of LPD are very important before possible sinus surgery.
The neurobiological effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function, and attachment
Authors: Tomoda Akemi , Nishitani Shota , Takiguchi Shinichiro , Fujisawa Takashi X. , Sugiyama Toshiro , Teicher Martin H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChildhood maltreatment is a risk factor for psychopathologies, and influences brain development at specific periods, particularly during early childhood and adolescence. This narrative review addresses phenotypic alterations in sensory systems associated with specific types of childhood maltreatment exposure, periods of vulnerability to the neurobiological effects of maltreatment, and the relationships between childhood maltreatment and brain structure, function, connectivity, and network architecture; psychopathology; and resilience. It also addresses neurobiological alterations associated with maternal communication and attachment disturbances, and uses laboratory-based measures during infancy and case–control studies to elucidate neurobiological alterations in reactive attachment disorders in children with maltreatment histories. Moreover, we review studies on the acute effects of oxytocin on reactive attachment disorder and maltreatment and methylation of oxytocin regulatory genes. Epigenetic changes may play a critical role in initiating or producing the atypical structural and functional brain alterations associated with childhood maltreatment. However, these changes could be reversed through psychological and pharmacological interventions, and by anticipating or preventing the emergence of brain alterations and subsequent psychopathological risks.
The rising tide of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Germany: a nationwide analysis of the incidence, from 2005 to 2021
Authors: Alfaar Ahmad Samir , Wiedemann Peter , Rehak Matus , Wolf Armin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This nationwide study aims to delineate the incidence and trends of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (rRD) in Germany across 17 years (2005–2021).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the German Federal Statistics Office and the Institute for the Hospital Remuneration System (InEK). The dataset includes approximately 19 million annual inpatient admissions annually. Retinal detachment was identified through ICD-10 code H33.0. Adjusted incidence rates were estimated after excluding reoperation cases. We used R Statistical Software to calculate estimates to 2021, and Tableau for visualisation.

Results
From 2005 to 2021, Germany reported 332,650 rRD cases, with males consistently more affected. Adjusted incidence rose from 15.6 per 100,000 in 2005 to 24.8 in 2021. Variable annual percentage changes in incidence were noted, averaging 4.0% for males and 2.6% for females. The annual mean age of affected individuals ranged from 60.2 to 62 years, with a median age between 62 and 63, suggesting increasing diagnoses at younger ages. Hospital stays declined from 6 to 3.3 days, and higher management rates were observed in Saarland and Rhineland-Palatine.

Conclusion
The study confirms an increasing incidence of rRD in Germany from 2005 to 2021, particularly among males. These findings call for further research to investigate the underlying causes. Collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers is essential for effective management and improved visual outcomes.