bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute and short-term toxicoses associated with the administration of doxorubicin to dogs with malignant tumors
Authors: Ogilvie Gregory K. , Richardson Ralph C. , Curtis C. R , Withrow Stephen J. , Reynolds H. A , Norris A. M , Henderson Ralph A. , Klausner J. S. , Fowler J. D. , McCaw Dudley 
Published: February 2025

Summary
One hundred eighty-five dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were used in a study to determine the toxicity of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotic, doxorubicin, which was administered once or twice (at a 21-day interval) at the rate of 30 mg/m2 of body surface area, iv. During this study, 7 dogs died as a direct result of doxorubicin-induced toxicosis and 16 died as a direct result of the malignant neoplastic disease. Each dog was evaluated for signs of toxicosis for 3 weeks after the last dose was administered (15 dogs received 1 dose, 170 dogs received 2 doses) or until the dog died, whichever came first. The most common signs of toxicosis were vomiting, diarrhea, colitis, anorexia, and pruritus. The probability of doxorubicin-induced toxicosis decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) in inverse relationship to body weight. Dogs with signs of toxicosis during the 21-day interval from administration of the first dose of doxorubicin were 17.2 times (P < 0.01; 95% confidence interval; 5.5, 54.2) more likely to develop signs of toxicosis during the 21-day interval from the second dose of doxorubicin. The performance status of each dog was evaluated using a modified Karnofsky performance scheme; the only time the performance status was adversely affected to a significant extent by doxorubicin-induced toxicosis was during the 21-day period, starting with the second dose (P < 0.0001).
Spacelike Bertrand curves in Minkowski 3-space revisited
Authors: Erdem Hatice Altın , İlarslan Kazım 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the geometry of curves in 𝔼3, if the principal normal vector field of a given space curve ϕ with non-zero curvatures is the principal normal vector field of another space curve ϕ
*, then the curve ϕ is called a Bertrand curve and ϕ
* is called Bertrand partner of ϕ. These curves have been studied in di erent space over a long period of time and found wide application in di erent areas. Therefore, we have a great knowledge of geometric properties of these curves. In this paper, revested results for spacelike Bertrand curves with non-null normal vectors will be given with the previous studies on Bertrand curves in 𝔼1
3. Follow this revested results, the Bertrand curve conditions of a spacelike curve are obtained in 𝔼1
3. In addition, new curve samples that meet the obtained conditions are constructed and the graphs of these curves are given.
An inverse LU preconditioner based on the Sherman–Morrison formula
Authors: Bru R. , Cerdán J. , Marín J. , Mas J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An approximate inverse LU preconditioner is constructed based on the Sherman–Morrison formula. Applying recursively that inversion formula a multiplicative decomposition of the inverse of a matrix is obtained. This recursion in compact form is the base to build the proposed preconditioner that we call V–AISM. For nonsingular M-matrices and H-matrices of the invertible class the stability of the preconditioner is proved. Numerical results show that V–AISM is robust and competitive compared with other preconditioners.
A simplified Proof of the Hopf Conjecture
Authors: Sabatini Luca 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of the barycentre map between two copies of ℝ
n
, the first one with a metric without conjugate points, the second one with the canonical flat metric, allows to prove in a simplified way the fact that Riemannian tori without conjugate points are flat, as conjectured by Hopf in 1948 and proved definitively by Burago and Ivanov in 1994.
Quaternion Fractional Difference with Quaternionic Fractional Order and Applications to Fractional Difference Equation
Authors: Wang Chao , Xie Weiyu , Agarwal Ravi P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the basic notions of the fractional summation, difference and q-difference with the quaternionic fractional order for the quaternion-valued functions and establish some of their basic properties. Based on this, the summation representations of solutions for the nonlinear quaternion-valued fractional difference equation and q-difference equation are obtained. In addition, several examples are provided to illustrate the feasibility of our obtained results in each section.
Quasifinite fields of prescribed characteristic and Diophantine dimension
Authors: Chipchakov Ivan D. , Paunov Boyan B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let ℙ be the set of prime numbers, ℙ the union ℙ ∪ {0}, and for any field E, let char(E) be its characteristic, ddim(E) the Diophantine dimension of E, 𝒢
E the absolute Galois group of E, and cd(𝒢
E) the Galois cohomological dimension 𝒢
E. The research presented in this paper is motivated by the open problem of whether cd(𝒢
E) ≤ ddim(E). It proves the existence of quasifinite fields Φq : q ∈ ℙ, with ddim(Φq) infinity and char(Φq) = q, for each q. It shows that for any integer m > 0 and q ∈ ℙ, there is a quasifinite field Φm,q such that char(Φm,q) = q and ddim(Φm,q) = m. This is used for proving that for any q ∈ ℙ and each pair k, ℓ ∈ (𝕅 ∪ {0, ∞}) satisfying k ≤ ℓ, there exists a field E
k,ℓ;q with char(E
k,ℓ;q) = q, ddim(E
k,ℓ;q) = ℓ and cd(𝒢
Ek,ℓ;q
) = k. Finally, we show that the field E
k,ℓ;q can be chosen to be perfect unless k = 0 ≠ = ℓ.
Biomechanical disparities in pankration: A comparative computational analysis of ancient and contemporary techniques
Authors: Bourantanis Andreas G. , Nomikos Nikitas N. , Nikolaidis Pantelis T. , Yiannakopoulos Chris K. , Aggelousis Nikolaos G. , Wang Weijie W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Study aim: The study analyzed biomechanical similarities and differences between ancient and modern sports techniques, focusing on pankration. It examined historical artifacts and modern pankration scenes to elucidate biomechanical developments over time.

Material and methods: OpenPose was employed for this analysis, focusing on both ancient depictions of pankration and contemporary pankration footage. The methodology involved collecting and analyzing depictions of archaeological artifacts, examining video performances frame by frame, and applying computational analysis to determine the Cartesian two-dimensional coordinates of joints. Comparative vector mapping and kinematic analyses were used for assessment.

Results: The analysis revealed distinct biomechanical patterns between ancient and modern pankration techniques. It was found that ancient techniques primarily leverage gravity for movement execution, while modern techniques emphasize the utilization of muscular capacity. This distinction indicates a transformation in biomechanical strategy, shifting from a gravity-focused approach in ancient practices to a muscle-focused approach in modern practices.

Conclusions: The research highlights the differences between ancient and modern pankration, emphasizing punching and kicking techniques. These changes reflect broader shifts in athletic practices over time, influenced by cultural and historical factors, and similar disciplines. The study not only enhances our understanding of ancient sports biomechanics but also opens avenues for future exploration of other ancient athletic disciplines using current computational methods.
Individual and His Role in Modern Security Environment
Authors: Jug Matej 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The article presents how different threats that modern society is dealing with affect the transformation of the security environment and, above all, the perception of individual security. Because of globalization; the gradual transformation of society, the increase in complexity and scope of sources of threats and the reduction of the power of services responsible for dealing with such sources of threats, the perception of individual safety is changing. There is a need for an increased active participation of individual in the modern security environment, where, based on the defined changes, we can no longer talk only about rights, but also about the inclusion of the individual in his security environment. Based on the conclusions, we realize that in the future the individual will have to accept more duties and responsibilities from the point of view of safety.
Understanding Professional Discretion by Principals in Managing Drugs in Gauteng Province schools in South Africa
Authors: Kgwete Ephraim Matala 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Principals are faced with some frustrating situations from time to time in their line of duty in which they must make a variety of decisions affecting their students. This study argues that principals need to understand how to apply professional discretion in their practice and be accountable for their judgements and decisions to avoid the notion of negligence when managing drugs in schools. Educational institutions are viewed as places where stakeholders, especially principals and teachers are recognized for their work as knowledge producers and key figures in educational and social transformation. Appropriate exercise of professional discretion in the management of drugs in schools can play a role towards social transformation and sustainable development. Target 4.8 of the Sustainable Development Goal 4 envisages to build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools. School principals are responsible for maintaining a safe, secure and orderly school environment. A qualitative research design was employed to collect data from secondary school principals in quintiles 1 to 3 (disadvantaged schools) in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study adopted an interpretivist paradigm. Data collection was done by the means of qualitative data collection techniques, in which semi-structured interviews supported by document analysis were employed. This study revealed that some principals make professional discretions that are influenced by emotions and violate the rights of learners in the process while managing drugs in schools.
Evaluation of the quality of standing trees using an Arbotom acoustic stress tomograph
Authors: Michajlová Katarína , Gejdoš Miloš , Gergeľ Tomáš , Gretsch Dominik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The assessment of wood quality in forestry operations is crucial for both forestry enterprises and the wood processing sector. Acoustic equipment utilizing excited stress acoustic waves has emerged as a valuable tool for evaluating the internal structure of standing trees. By measuring the propagation speed of these waves within the trunk, it becomes possible to assess the properties of wood before harvesting, aiding in management, planning, and maximizing resource value. The Arbotom acoustic stress tomograph represents one such device designed for evaluating standing trees’ qualitative properties. In a study evaluating its efficacy, 136 trees in a specific forest stand were examined over a period spanning October 2021 to March 2024. The acquired data underwent analysis, with 17 trees selected for qualitative evaluation using both image analysis in ImageJ software and the STN EN 1309-3 standard. The study revealed that, on average, the tomographer tended to overestimate the extent of damage by qualitative features by approximately 14.9% compared to digital image assessment and 9.9% compared to assessment according to the standard. The method could still serve as a component within a broader framework of precision forestry. Combining the acoustic tomography method with other precision forestry techniques could potentially yield more satisfactory results, paving the way for the development of automated systems for assessing tree quality in forest stands. This integration could enhance the efficiency and accuracy of wood quality assessment, benefiting both forestry management and downstream processing operations.
CALLY index, but not HALP score, is associated with mortality in cirrhosis patients
Authors: Yıldız Günay , Bedel Cihan , Zortuk Ökkeş , Selvi Fatih , Karanci Yusuf 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease that is characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, as well as liver dysfunction. The CALLY index and HALP score have recently provided crucial data in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of numerous diseases, particularly those of a malignant nature and those affecting the gastrointestinal system. The objective of this study was to ascertain whether the CALLY index and HALP score are appropriate indicators of mortality in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods
This study was conducted retrospectively in patients with liver cirrhosis between 01.01.2022-01.10.2024. The HALP and CALLY scores were calculated from the blood samples taken from the patients at the time of admission. The in-hospital mortality status of the patients was recorded. The effects of the parameters on mortality were compared.

Results
The study cohort comprised 235 participants, of whom 23 died. The median CALLY value was found to be 0.44 in patients who died and 1.19 in surviving patients. A significant decrease in the CALLY score was observed in patients who died (p=0.019). However, the HALP score did not show a significant difference in mortality between the two groups (p=0.262).

Conclusions
Based on the results of our study, CALLY index is an easily applicable index that can be used as an indicator of mortality in cirrhosis patients, but the HALP score is not a suitable marker for this purpose.
Clasificación de Malware mediante Redes Neuronales Artificiales
Authors: Vazquez Roberto A. , González-Medina Lilia E 
Published: February 2025

En la actualidad, ningún antivirus cuenta con un mecanismo de detección y clasificación totalmente efectivo para abarcar los miles de virus y programas maliciosos que se generan a diario. Por otro lado, se sabe que la mayoría de esas muestras son variaciones de programas maliciosos que ya se tienen identificados y que por lo tanto tienen similitudes estructurales. En ese sentido, para detectar estos programas se necesitan métodos de clasificación capaces de clasificar programas maliciosos nuevos o variantes de estos aunque no se cuente con información específica en una base de datos. En este trabajo de investigación, se presenta un método para la detección de programas maliciosos basado en el número de veces que el programa llama a diferentes funciones de cada biblioteca de enlace dinámico (Dynamic Link Libraries, DLL). Una vez que se construye el vector descriptivo de cada programa, se entrena una red neuronal artificial para clasificar variantes de programas maliciosos en las familias correctas. Para validad el desempeño de la metodología propuesta se utilizó una base de datos que contiene muestras actuales y reales de programas maliciosos del tipo gusanos y troyanos.
Dos Unamunos que son el mismo
Authors: García-Baró Miguel 
Published: February 2025

Como el pensamiento filosófico se ejerce en diálogo, el mío propio es a fin de cuentas tan de mis interlocutores como mío.El principal de estos interlocutores es la realidad, contraste universal de las palabras; pero la realidad sin intérpretes, sin otros seres humanos que hablen de ella, de ellos, de mí, correría excesivo riesgo de que yo, estando demasiado solo, la tergiversara.Es cierto el viejo consejo de los cínicos: quien lee más de lo que debe, añade a sus necedades cuantas hayan podido propalar los libros que asimiló sin criterio; de modo que se debe mirar y sentir la realidad con una vida ingenua o devuelta con gran esfuerzo a la ingenuidad. Pero Antístenes se refería a la lectura exagerada, no a la lectura en dosis adecuadas (la prueba está en que él mismo escribió con abundancia, y no es de los autores más contradictorios). Así, mi objeto componiendo estos nuevos ensayos sobre las posiciones de los filósofos españoles recientes acerca de la posible o imposible relación entre el hombre y lo divino, es hacer más consistente y profunda, más verdadera mi propia vida a este respecto. Para conseguir lo cual necesito tanta precisión como audacia al releer. No hago obra de erudición sino de filosofía, en la medida de mis fuerzas. Solicito de los textos toda su enjundia, que no me importa llamar mía o llamar de otro -a nadie debiera importarle un punto tan insignificante, cuando se trata de la verdad-. Escribo para lectores avezados lo mismo que para ingenuos, porque escribo ante todo para mí y para los amigos con los que mantengo el diálogo que me permite conservar un vínculo constante con la filosofía.Y mi primera tesis (que no es tan evidente como pudiera parecer) es que de Unamuno parte lo contemporáneo en la filosofía hecha en España (no únicamente a propósito de la relación entre el ser humano y Dios); de modo que los otros destacados escritores filósofos en nuestra lengua y nuestro país, son herederos de Unamuno en una u otra forma. Pero en Unamuno se dieron
Rendimiento académico en cálculo diferencial e integral I: análisis en las carreras de ingeniería
Authors: Mendes Tomaz dos Santos Guilherme , Fanfa Sarmento Dirléia , Caldiño Mérida Esther 
Published: February 2025

Este texto presenta los resultados de una investigación de estudio de caso, cuyo objetivo fue analizar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la asignatura de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral I en las carreras de Ingeniería Ambiental, Civil, de la Computación, de Producción, Química y Telecomunicaciones, ofrecidos por una Institución de Educación Superior Comunitaria situada en la Región Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil) en el segundo semestre lectivo de 2013. Los sujetos de investigación fueron 35 estudiantes, siendo 8 del sexo femenino y 27 del masculino, situado, en general, en edades comprendidas entre los 18 a los 24 años. La recopilación de datos ocurrió por medio de una encuesta aplicada a los estudiantes y del análisis del rendimiento académico. El abordaje utilizado fue el cuantitativo, con objetivo descriptivo y la estadística descriptiva para los análisis de datos. Los resultados del estudio indican que: a) Los estudiantes de las Ingenierías – Química, de Producción y Telecomunicaciones – obtuvieron mejor rendimiento; b) En cuanto a contenido las integrales de funciones de una variable fue el asunto de mayor dificultad estudiantil; c) El rendimiento es bajo por factores internos de la clase como la falta de realizar diversos ejercicios que permitan la reflexión continua y los conocimientos previos, entre otros.
Studi Komparatif Pengaruh Asam Fosfat terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik NR dan EPDM
Authors: Octaviani Ana Nur , Feriyanto Dafit , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Arti Dewi Kusuma , Nur Hery 
Published: February 2025

Natural Rubber (NR) dan Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) adalah material karet yang banyak digunakan dalam komponen otomotif seperti bushing karena sifat elastisitas dan daya tahannya. Namun, paparan bahan kimia agresif seperti asam fosfat dapat memengaruhi sifat mekanik dan fisik kedua material ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perendaman dalam larutan asam fosfat dengan konsentrasi 13% terhadap kekuatan tarik, kekerasan, dan struktur mikro NR dan EPDM. Hasil pengujian menggunakan Mesin (UTM) Universal Testing Machine menunjukkan bahwa NR mengalami penurunan pada kekuatan tarik tegangannya NR sebesar 20,44% dan EPDM sekitar 23,8% setelah perendaman,dan untuk nilai regangannya penurunan NR sebesar 38,3% dan EPDM sekitar 17,43% disebabkan oleh degradasi rantai polimernya. Penurunan kekerasan NR yang diuhi menggunakan Shore A mencapai 19,2%, sedangkan EPDM hanya sekitar 4,81%. Hasil struktur mikro dengan perbesaran 20x, 50x dan 100x dari kedua jenis karet pun menunjukkan bahwa tidak banyak perubahan yang dapat teramati. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa EPDM lebih unggul dalam aplikasi yang melibatkan paparan bahan kimia seperti asam fosfat, menjadikannya pilihan yang lebih sesuai untuk bushing dalam lingkungan kerja yang agresif.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA BALOK CUISENAIRE TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP BILANGAN DAN AKTIVITAS ANAK USIA 3-4 TAHUN
Authors: Sulistina Reni , Astuti Retno Dwi 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan (1) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire berpengaruh terhadap pengusaan konsep bilangan anak kelompok Bermain, (2) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire terhadap aktivitas anak kelompok Bermain, (3) pengaruh penggunaan media Balok Cuisenaire berpengaruh terhadap pengusaan konsep bilangan dan aktivitas anak kelompok Bermain. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan Noneequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada KB Az-Zahwa Sugihan Kecamatan Kampak Kabupaten Trenggalek. Data digali menggunakan lembar observasi, analisis data statistik deskriptif dan Statistik Inferensial (ANOVA dan MANOVA) dengan alpha < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap penguasaan konsep bilangan, hal ini terbukti dari hasil uji ANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai nilai Fhitung sebesar 163,303 lebih besar dari Ftabel sebesar 4,01, (2) penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap aktivitas anak, hal ini terbukti dar hasil uji ANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai nilai Fhitung sebesar 9,097 lebih besar dari Ftabel 4,01, (3) penggunaan media berpengaruh terhadap secara signifikan terhadap penguasaan konsep bilangan dan aktivitas anak, hal ini terbukti dari hasil uji MANOVA yang menunjukkan nilai signifikan Fhitung sebesar 13.485 lebih besar dari Ftabel 4,01
PENGARUH MEDIA PAPAN GEOMETRI TERHADAP MATEMATIKA AWAL ANAK USIA DINI DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK ISLAM AL AZHAR 32 PADANG
Authors: Meiriza Egidia Puty , Zulminiati Zulminiati 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi dengan permasalahan rendahnya kemampuan matematika awal anak mengenal bentuk geometri di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang. Hal ini terjadi karena kurang menariknya penggunaan media dalam penegenalan matematika awal anak, Sehingga anak mudah bosan ketika diajarkan mengenai bentuk geometri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi seberapa besar pengaruh media papan geometri terhadap matematika awal anak usia dini di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitaf dengan pendekatan eksperiemn dalam bentuk quasy eksperiemen. Menggunakan sampel penelitian di kelmpok A yang terdiri dari 10 anak di kelas eksperimen dan 10 anak di kelas kontrol. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan meliputi uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis, untuk menguji perbedaan kemampuan matematika awal anak sesudah dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil analisis data penelitian, rata-rata pre-test untuk kelas eksperimen 18,7 dan 18,7 untuk kelompok kontrol, sedangkan rata-rata post-test untuk kelompok eksperimen adalah 24,7 dan 20,2 untuk kelas kontrol. Perbedaan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa untuk kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan media papan geometri dan kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan media balok adalah homogen. Hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan signifikan karena penggunaan media papan geometri memiliki keunggulan dalam mengembangkan kemampuan matematika awal anak. Keunggulan dari penggunaan media papan geometri dalam penelitian ini dapat dilakukan anak saat penggunaannya seperti mengenal bentuk, mengenal warna, membedakan ukuran dan mengurutkan berdasarkan besar-kecil. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media papan geometri terhadap kemampuan matematika awal anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Al Azhar 32 Padang.