bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory Planning and Feedforward Control Design for the Temperature Distribution in a Cuboid
Authors: Meurer Thomas , Kugi Andreas 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe design of a feedforward tracking controller is considered for the temperature distribution in a cuboid, where the temperature on a single lateral surface can be arbitrarily prescribed by a control input. It is shown that there exists a so–called flat or basic output, which allows to explicitly derive the inverse infinite–dimensional system representation suitable for trajectory planning and for the determination of the respective control input necessary to track the desired trajectory in open–loop. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The influence of turbulence on a columnar vortex with axial flow
Authors: Takahashi Naoya , Miyazaki Takeshi 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe interaction between a columnar vortex and external turbulence is investigated numerically. A q ‐vortex is immersed in an initially isotropic homogeneous turbulence field, which itself is produced numerically by a direct numerical simulation of decaying turbulence. The formation of turbulent eddies around the columnar vortex and the vortex‐core deformations are studied in detail by visualizing the flow field. In the less‐stable case with q = –1.5, small thin spiral structures are formed inside the vortex core. In the unstable case with q = –0.45, the linear unstable modes grow until the columnar vortex make one turn. Its growth rate agrees with that of the linear analysis of Mayer and Powell[1]. After two turns of the vortex, the secondary instability is excited, which causes collapse of the columnar q ‐vortex and the sudden appearance of many fine scale vortices. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of glycidyl methacrylate on the physical properties of wood–polymer composites
Authors: Devi Rashmi Rekha , Maji Tarun Kumar 
Published: January 2007

AbstractChemical modification of pinewood was carried out by impregnating the wood with styrene as the impregnating monomer and in combination with a crosslinking monomer glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Polymerization was carried out by catalyst heat treatment. Dimensional stability in terms of antiswell efficiency was determined and improved on treatment with polymer. Water uptake percentage was also improved for styrene‐GMA treated wood samples over styrene treated or untreated wood samples. Mechanical properties such as bending strength measured in terms of modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of polymer‐treated samples showed an improvement over untreated ones. Treatment also resulted an improvement in compressive strengths. Thermal properties of the wood samples were evaluated by thermogravimetric analyzer and differential scanning calorimeter. Biodegradability of the treated and untreated wood samples was determined and improvement was obtained on treatment. As a whole, styrene‐GMA treated wood samples showed more improvement over untreated or styrene‐treated samples. POLYM. COMPOS., 28:1–5, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effects of process conditions on Young's modulus and strength of extrudate in short‐fiber‐reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Sanomura Yukio , Hayakawa K. , Mizuno M. , Kawamura M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe examined the effects of process conditions on Young's modulus and tensile strength of extruded short‐fiber reinforced thermoplastics. With increasing extrusion ratio and decreasing extrusion temperature, the fiber alignment increases, the mean fiber length decreases, and the mechanical properties of the matrix are improved. The orientation parameter, mean fiber length, Young's modulus, and tensile strength of the matrix are described as a function of extrusion ratio and extrusion temperature. The models proposed by Fukuda and Kawata, and Fukuda and Chou are applied to predict Young's modulus and tensile strength of the composites using orientation parameter. By comparing the predicted Young's modulus and tensile strength with experimental results, the validity of the models is examined. The prediction of Young's modulus agreed quit with the experimental results. The tensile strength of composite extruded below the melting point nearly matched that of the neat matrix. There is no the strengthening effect of the fiber since the angle between fracture surface and fiber direction is very small. POLYM. COMPOS. 28:29–35, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Joint confirmatory factor analysis of the differential ability scales and the Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities–Third Edition
Authors: Sanders Sarah , McIntosh David E. , Dunham Mardis , Rothlisberg Barbara A. , Finch Holmes 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis study examined the underlying constructs measured by the Differential Ability Scales (DAS; C.D. Elliott, 1990a) as they relate to the Cattell‐Horn‐Carroll (CHC) Theory (K.S. McGrew, 1997) of cognitive abilities. The DAS and Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ‐III COG; R.W. Woodcock, K.S. McGrew, & N. Mather, 2001) were administered to 131 children in grades 3 through 5 who took part in a concurrent validity study included in the Woodcock‐Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Third Edition, technical manual (K.S. McGrew & R.W. Woodcock, 2001). Confirmatory factor analyses using maximum likelihood estimation were conducted with the AMOS 5.0 (J.L. Arbuckle, 2001) statistical program to evaluate three models of increasing complexity, to compare how well each fit the data set, and to identify the one that best described the underlying constructs measured by the DAS. Results suggested that the synthesized Three‐Stratum CHC Model provided the most parsimonious representation among the three models tested. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 44: 119–138, 2007.
Suicide intervention: Training, roles, and knowledge of school psychologists
Authors: Debski Jennifer , Spadafore Candy Dubord , Jacob Susan , Poole Debra A. , Hixson Michael D. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPractitioner‐members of the National Association of School Psychologists (N = 162) completed questionnaires regarding their suicide prevention and postvention roles, training, preparedness, and knowledge. Most were crisis team members, yet less than one‐half reported graduate training in suicide risk assessment and less than one‐fourth in postvention. Compared to nondoctoral‐level practitioners, doctoral‐trained practitioners felt better prepared to handle suicidal students. Most respondents had participated in a suicide risk assessment in the past 2 years, with few using standardized measures. Performance was moderately strong on questions about knowledge of risk factors, warning signs, and appropriate steps to respond to a suicidal student, but respondents showed less familiarity with postvention recommendations intended to discourage contagion. Training suggestions were identified. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 44: 157–170, 2007.
Measurements of freezing‐point depression to evaluate rubber network structure. Crosslinking of natural rubber with dicumyl peroxide
Authors: Valentín J. L. , Fernández‐Torres A. , Posadas P. , Marcos‐Fernández A. , Rodríguez A. , González L. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAn experimental approach based on the freezing‐point depression of a solvent in a swollen gel has been developed to characterize the structure of rubber networks. This property depends on the conditions required for the formation of crystalline nuclei, which are limited by the elastomer network restrictions. Information about the functionality, spatial distribution, and number of crosslinks can be obtained by the use of this easy and ready experimental method. Application of the tube model of rubber elasticity in the uniaxial stress–strain experiments of natural rubber samples vulcanized with dicumyl peroxide yields the characteristic parameters of the rubber networks, which are in concordance with the network structures predicted by the freezing point method. Finally influence of vulcanization conditions in network structure and its relationship with the mechanical properties was evaluated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 544–556, 2007
Inflammatory markers of lung disease in adult patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Levy Hara , Kalish Leslie A. , Huntington Ian , Weller Nathaniel , Gerard Craig , Silverman Edwin K. , Celedón Juan C. , Pier Gerald B. , Weiss Scott T. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackgroundProgressive pulmonary disease associated with chronic bacterial infection and inflammation is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Identifying markers of inflammation that correlate with lung injury may be useful in monitoring disease progression and response to therapy. We hypothesized that levels of serum biomarkers would correlate with clinical course of CF as defined by pulmonary function testing (FEV1).ObjectiveTo determine whether biomarkers of systemic inflammation correlate with lung function in adults with CF.MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis of 63 individuals ≥30 years of age diagnosed with CF in childhood and followed at Children's Hospital, Boston. We collected data on demographics, CFTR genotype, percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), C‐reactive protein (CRP), serum IgE nd IgG, alpha1‐antitrypsin, total white blood cell and neutrophil counts, and percent neutrophils. We used univariate analyses and multivariate linear regression modeling to examine whether markers of systemic inflammation varied with FEV1 (% predicted).ResultsIn two‐covariate models including CRP and one other marker, CRP (P < 0.001) and IgG (P = 0.02) were significantly associated with FEV1 (% predicted). In the CRP and IgG model, percent predicted FEV1 decreased by 4.91% (P < 0.0001) for each twofold increase in CRP and by 1.56% (P = 0.02) for each 100 mg/dl increase in IgG. Results were unchanged by adjustment for number of DF 508 CFTR alleles. There was no association between any other marker and FEV1 (% predicted) after adjusting for CRP.ConclusionSeverity of lung disease in long surviving adult CF patients is correlated with CRP and IgG levels. Our findings relating CRP and IgG levels and lung function provide a foundation for subsequent longitudinal studies and consideration of novel disease mechanisms and outcome measurements. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:256–262. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biodegradation of methylthio‐s‐triazines by Rhodococcus sp. strain FJ1117YT, and production of the corresponding methylsulfinyl, methylsulfonyl and hydroxy analogues
Authors: Fujii Kunihiko , Takagi Kazuhiro , Hiradate Syuntaro , Iwasaki Akio , Harada Naoki 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA novel bacterial strain FJ1117YT was isolated from an enrichment culture with the herbicide simetryn. The isolate was capable of degrading the herbicide supplied as the sole sulfur source in an aquatic batch culture. The strain FJ1117YT was identified as that belonging to Rhodococcus sp. on the basis of comparative morphology, physiological characteristics and comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The biodegradation pathway of simetryn was established by isolating the methylsulfinyl analogue as the first metabolite and by identification of the methylsulfonyl intermediate and the hydroxy analogue by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The results indicate that the methylthio group was progressively oxidised and hydrolysed by the strain FJ1117YT. The same strain is also able to metabolise other methylthio‐s‐triazines such as ametryn, desmetryn, dimethametryn and prometryn through similar pathways. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Total phenolic contents, free radical scavenging activities and inhibitory effects on the activation of NF‐kappa B of eight Centaurea L. species
Authors: Karamenderes Canan , Konyalioglu Sibel , Khan Shabana , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractExtracts obtained from aerial parts of eight Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) species (C. calolepis, C. cariensis subsp. maculiceps, C. cariensis subsp. microlepis, C. hierapolitana, C. cadmea, C. ensiformis, C. depressa and C. urvillei subsp. urvillei), were tested for their free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) in the DPPH screening assay, for their in vitro antiinflammatory activity in the reporter gene assay for inhibition of transcription factor NF‐κB and for their total phenolic content. Methanol extracts (0.25 mg/4 mL) of C. urvillei, C. cadmea and C. ensiformis showed strong antioxidant activity with 90.41 ± 2.98%, 86.66 ± 2.67% and 86.19 ± 2.94% FRSA, respectively. Antioxidant capacity results were consistent with the total phenolic content. Chloroform extracts of C. hierapolitana, C. calolepis and C. cadmea showed strong in vitro antiinflammatory activity with IC50 values of 2.5, 4.4 and 6.2 µg/mL, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3DAP measurements of Al content in different types of precipitates in aluminium alloys
Authors: Lefebvre W. , Danoix F. , Da Costa G. , De Geuser F. , Hallem H. , Deschamps A. , Dumont M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThree‐dimensional atom probe and field ion microscopy have been used to determine the composition of precipitates formed in several types of aluminium‐based alloys. Special attention has been paid to local magnification artefacts, which are often suspected to strongly disrupt the precipitates' apparent composition. The charge state of Al ions has been used to identify the nature of precipitates (lower or higher evaporation field than the matrix) and also to determine the origin of Al ions observed in 3D reconstructions. The use of a cluster identification method, which allows erosion concentration profiles to be drawn, has revealed the importance of trajectory overlaps in the measurement of the precipitates' composition. By applying this method to low‐evaporation‐field precipitates in a 7XXX alloy, good agreement was found between atom probe measurements and observations in transmission electron microscopy and small angles X‐ray scattering. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How software process automation affects software evolution: a longitudinal empirical analysis
Authors: Barry Evelyn J. , Kemerer Chris F. , Slaughter Sandra A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis research analyzes longitudinal empirical data on commercial software applications to test and better understand how software evolves over time, and to measure the likely long‐term effects of a software process automation tool on software productivity and quality. The research consists of two parts. First, we use data from source control systems, defect tracking systems, and archived project documentation to test a series of hypotheses developed by Belady and Lehman about software evolution. We find empirical support for many of these hypotheses, but not all. We then further analyze the data using moderated regression analysis to discern how software process automation efforts at the research site influenced the software evolution lifecycles of the applications. Our results support the claim that automation has enabled the organization to accomplish more work activities with greater productivity, thereby significantly increasing the functionality of the applications portfolio. Despite the growth in software functionality, the analysis suggests that automation has helped to manage software complexity levels and to improve quality by reducing errors over time. Our models and their results demonstrate how longitudinal empirical software data can be used to reveal the often elusive long‐term benefits of investments in software process improvement, and to help managers make more informed resource‐allocation decisions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiuser resource allocation for video transmission over a chip‐interleaved multicarrier system
Authors: Yang Kai , Stanković Vladimir , Xiong Zixiang , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe propose a 4G system for transmission of video from a server at the base station to numerous wireless clients. We employ the latest technology in scalable video compression (3‐D wavelet video coding) and in channel coding (punctured turbo codes); for the physical layer, we resort to the multicarrier chip‐interleaved system with two‐layer interleaving, which achieves high spectral efficiency and is very suitable for downlink applications. We develop fast algorithms for a cross‐layer resource allocation that minimize the expected distortion of the reconstructed video averaged over all clients. The algorithms find a near‐optimal power, bandwidth, and subcarrier allocation at the physical layer and a source‐channel symbol allocation at the application layer. Our experimental results demonstrate that such a cross‐layer optimization framework leads to higher quality performance of the overall system. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multicast video streaming for 4G wireless networks
Authors: Naor Zohar 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA method for efficient video streaming in wireless networks is developed in this study. The proposed method is especially suitable for beyond 3G (B3G) wireless networks. It offers a significant increase in the number of clients that the system can potentially serve simultaneously as well as a significant reduction in the expected waiting time for a service. Under high load conditions, the ratio of the expected waiting time for a service offered by the proposed method to the expected waiting time offered by the conventional method currently used for video streaming in wireless networks is very significant and increases exponentially with the load. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nested harmonic broadcasting for scalable video over mobile datacast channels
Authors: Stockhammer Thomas , Gasiba Tiago , Samad Wissam Abdel , Schierl Thomas , Jenkac Hrvoje , Wiegand Thomas , Xu Wen 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe integration of reliable Video‐on‐Demand (VoD) broadcasting schemes in mobile datacast systems, specifically in DVB‐H, is studied and enhanced. Sophisticated VoD broadcasting schemes such as Harmonic Broadcasting (HB) allows receivers to tune into the ongoing transmission of a video stream at arbitrary time, while still being able to receive the multimedia sequence from beginning to end, after short initial playout latency. In addition, we address service enhancements by using scalable video coding (SVC) to support heterogeneous receiver capabilities and receiving conditions as well as the reception of the signal from more than on transmission site. We present and discuss options for the integration of VoD broadcasting schemes in combination with fountain codes. Optimizations in parameter selection are discussed. A realistic protocol environment is only slightly modified to support our system concept. Simulation results show the benefits of the discussed VoD scheme compared to existing approaches if integrated in DVB‐H. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Extraction Temperature and Preservation Method on Functionality of Soy Protein
Authors: Deak Nicolas A. , Johnson Lawrence A. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe effects of extraction temperature and preservation method on the functional properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) were determined. Four extraction temperatures (25, 40, 60, and 80 °C) were used to produce SPI and yields of solids and protein contents were determined. Three preservation methods were also tested (spray‐drying, freeze‐drying, and freezing–thawing) and compared to fresh (undried) samples for each extraction temperature. No differences in yields of solids and protein were observed among SPIs extracted at 25, 40, and 60 °C; however, SPI extracted at 80 °C yielded significantly less solids and protein. Extraction temperature significantly affected SPI functionality. As extraction temperature increased, solubility and emulsification capacity decreased; surface hydrophobicities, emulsification activities and stabilities, and dynamic viscosities increased; and foaming properties improved. Preservation method also significantly affected SPI functionality. Drying method did not affect the denaturation enthalpies of SPIs, but spray‐dried SPIs had higher solubilities, surface hydrophobicities, and emulsification stabilities, and lower viscosities, emulsification activities and rates of foaming than freeze‐dried SPI exhibited. Emulsification and foaming capacities and foaming stabilities were similar for both methods of drying. There was significant interaction between extraction temperature and preservation method for all functional properties except emulsification capacity.
Supportive evidence for the association between the T102C 5-HTR2A gene polymorphism and schizophrenia: A large-scale case–control and family-based study
Authors: Golimbet V.E. , Lavrushina O.M. , Kaleda V.G. , Abramova L.I. , Lezheiko T.V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSerotonin type 2A receptors (5-HTR2A) have long been implicated in schizophrenia pathology. A decreased number of these receptors were found in postmortem brain studies of schizophrenic patients as well as in experiments using neuroimaging techniques. Molecular genetic studies revealed that the T102C polymorphism of the 5-HTR2A gene is associated with schizophrenia, with the CC genotype frequency being higher in patients compared to healthy controls. However the association was not confirmed in all studies. We carried out a replication study, which aimed at searching for association between this polymorphism and schizophrenia in a large samples of patients (n= 919), their psychiatrically well first-degree relatives (n= 330) and screened controls (n= 500). The C allele and the CT + CC genotype frequencies were significantly higher in patients than in controls (χ2= 5.1; df = 1;p= 0.02; OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0–1.4) and χ2= 5.4; df = 1;p= 0.02; OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8 respectively). In a family-based study, the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and the family-based association test (FBAT) did not show a preferential transmission of any allele. In conclusion, our replication study provides further evidence for association between the 5-HTR2A receptor T102C polymorphism and schizophrenia.
Parasites and the dynamics of wild mammal populations
Authors: Irvine R. J 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe impact of parasites on domestic livestock is well known. It is also clear that parasites have the potential to reduce reproductive success and survival at the individual level in wild animal populations (often through effects on body condition). However, the degree to which these impacts can regulate populations is difficult to determine because of the logistics of conducting the necessary experimental manipulations of either hosts or parasites. In addition, the relative importance of this mechanism compared to other regulatory factors such as predation and competition for food resources has not been quantified. Studies that have investigated the impact of parasites on wild mammals are reviewed and the merits of cross-sectional sampling and experimental approaches are presented. Finally, evidence for parasite mediated population regulation in wild mammals is examined and the need to develop experimental approaches that address this mechanism and its interaction with other regulatory processes is discussed.