bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head and neck cancer developing in patients with pre‐existing reticuloendothelial malignancies
Authors: Boddie Arthur W. , Goepfert Helmuth , Fischer Edward P. , Ballantyne Alando J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSecond primary tumors develop in up to 20% of patients with reticuloendothelial malignancies (REM). At the M. D. Anderson Hospital between 1944 and 1975, there were 29 patients with pre‐existing reticuloendothelial malignancies who developed second primary tumors of the head and neck. The presence of pre‐existing REM complicated staging of the head and neck lesion in 14 of 29 cases (48%). In patients with clinically palpable nodes the status of involvement was correctly assessed in only 4 of 14 instances (28%).Though only 3 of 29 patients (10%) survived for 5 or more years, the average survival from diagnosis of head and neck cancer to last follow‐up or death was 31 months. Patients with REM in conjunction with head and neck melanoma or with squamous carcinoma of the facial skin or lip had an average survival of 20.7, 40.3, and 51.3 months respectively. Patients with REM in conjunction with second primaries involving the oral cavity, nasal, or oral pharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx did poorly with an average survival of only 8.5 months.
Endolymphatic hydrops and otitis media
Authors: Paparella Michael M. , Goycoolea Marcos V. , Meyerhoff William L. , Shea Donald 
Published: September 2006

AbstractClinical observation of patients with fluctuant sensorineural hearing loss following or occurring with chronic otitis media led to the hypothesis that endolymphatic hydrops can result from chronic otitis media. Illustrative case reports are described. This hypothesis resulted in a temporal bone study of 560 cases in which 109 temporal bones demonstrated the presence of hydrops and 194 evidenced otitis media. Seventy‐five cases demonstrated both otitis media and hydrops, of which 20 cases were selected for more detailed histo‐pathological study. An interesting finding was the presence of apical hydrops in every case of the latter group. Statistical interpretation of this data helped rule out a coincidental or chance occurrence. A discussion of this clinical relationship included the significance of subclinical (silent) otitis media as a possible cause of endolymphatic hydrops.
Ménière's—An inner ear seizure
Authors: Dolowitz David A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractData of 27 signs, symptoms or findings were collected on 125 confirmed cases of Meniere's disease. Statistical association, plus the percentage prevalence of these findings were studied to perform a cluster analysis. These findings were used to obtain a statistical picture of the disease in terms of the recorded variable (signs, symptoms and findings).The major finding was the existence of a group of variables (a central core) of high percentage occurrence. They consisted of intermittent rotational vertigo, intermittent to constant nerve hearing impairment, tinnitus, pressure in the ears, positional vertigo, nausea, abnormal caloric nystagmus, headache and normal laterotorsion. The first four are the classic criteria of Meniere's disease, the remainder are additions. The average patient had 8 of the 9 conditions; 44% had all 9.A graphic multi‐factor analysis of the signs, symptoms and findings suggests that these patients had a disease of a specific central origin. An alternative suggestion is that of several closely related diseases arising from adjacent central locations.No indication was found that influenza, hypertension, arteriosclerosis or diabetes were consistent precursors of Meniere's disease.Spontaneous, positional, gaze and optokinetic (tracking) nystagmus showed no demonstrable relationship to the Meniere's signs and symptoms. They showed the ordinary population prevalence except for spontaneous nystagmus which was slightly higher.The possibility of using these associations as a guide for correlation of the disease manifestations with neuroatomic tracts and areas is suggested.
Arterial hypoxemia in patients with anterior and posterior nasal packings
Authors: Lin Yen T. , Orkin Louis R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPrevious clinical reports indicate that nasal packing is frequently associated with arterial hypoxemia. Anesthesia and surgery in hypoxemic patients can be hazardous, especially when it is associated with acute blood loss.Nine patients with severe epistaxis, who failed to respond to anterior and posterior nasal packing, were anesthetized for emergency internal maxillary artery ligation. Arterial blood‐gas and pH changes during the procedure were evaluated. The results indicate some degree of arterial hypoxemia and high alveolar/arterial PO2 difference without significant change in PaCO2 and pH in most of the patients observed. Arterial PO2 was within normal range 24 hours after operation.The anesthetic management is described and the various causes of such arterial hypoxemia are reviewed. It is important to recognize the presence of arterial hypoxemia and treat accordingly during surgery for such patients.
Wegener's granulomatosis: Unusual indication for orbital decompression
Authors: Thawley Stanley E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract together with glomerulonephritis. The majority of cases have ocular, sinus and ear symptomatology. A case is presented with severe granulomatous disease of the sinuses with contiguous spread to the orbit producing exophthalmos and decreased vision. An orbital decompression relieved the pressure and preserved vision. The definitive medical therapy for WG is cyclophosphamide. Emergency orbital decompression may be necessary to preserve vision in WG in patients with rapidly decreasing vision secondary to high intraocular pressure produced by the granulomatous process.
A reaction‐time analysis of electrocochlear stimulation in cats
Authors: Walloch Richard A. , Fenwick James A. , Boberg Richard 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of pulse width and interstimulus interval of electrocochlear stimulation on behavioral reaction times were investigated in cats. It was determined that square wave, biphasic stimuli with pulse widths of 0.5 msec, elicited faster reaction times than did pulse widths of 0.2 msec. On the other hand, stimuli of 1.0 msec pulse widths showed no appreciable difference in reaction times when compared to 0.5 msec pulse widths. The effects of interstimulus interval (ISI) on reaction times are also discussed. An interstimulus interval of 2 msec demonstrated no marked difference in reaction time when compared to the same stimulus with an ISI of 4 msec.
Superiorly based tracheostomal flap to counteract tracheal stenosis: Experimental study.
Authors: Eliachar Isaac , Goldsher Moshe , Joachims H. Z. , Mordechovich Dan , Shohat S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA superiorly based tracheal flap raised from the anterior tracheal wall was rotated anteriorly and superiorly to be sutured to the subcutaneous tissues. A series of 16 tracheostomies were performed on mongrel dogs. The stenosing effects of conventionally performed operations were compared to those of the new method. Autopsy sections of the post‐tracheostomy sites demonstrated a significant loss of anteroposterior diameter averaging 16.5% as compared to the original unoperated‐on luminae. No signs of tracheal stenosis were found whenever the proposed new technique was employed. This technique seems applicable to patients in whom assisted ventilation is contemplated.
Selective facial neurectomy for essential blepharospasm
Authors: Spector Gershon J. , Smith Peter G. , Burde Ronald M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSelective distal facial nerve neurectomy was performed on seven orbicularis oculi muscles in four patients. Five operations were successful and two succeeded following a completion neurectomy.Our operation combines the approach for an Aufricht rhytidectomy and the selective denervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle only, and bypasses the parotid gland completely. There have been no major complications.
Clinically‐directed ct in occult disease of the skull base involving foramen ovale
Authors: Noyek Arnold M. , Kassel Edward E. , Jazrawy Helen , Wortzman George , Holgate Richard C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOccult disease of the skull base may present as an isolated neurogenic symptom in the absence of physical signs or radiologic findings. It therefore often remains undiagnosed until advanced. Computed tomography (CT) provides the potential for diagnostic imaging far beyond conventional radiology. Not only do current generation scanners provide exquisite bone detail, they also provide the capability of soft tissue imaging.In the past year, we have matched the diagnostic problem of occult disease of the middle fossa skull base and its foramina with the potential diagnostic imaging solution of CT. Five patients were referred with possible occult middle fossa skull base disease — all had persistent unilateral facial paresthesia in the distribution of one of the lower two trigeminal nerve divisions (V2, V3) as their only complaint; all had previously been extensively investigated (including axial CT); all remained undiagnosed.Utilizing clinically‐directed CT (based on acoustic neuroma diagnostic index of suspicion and imaging experience), 2 of the 5 patients were found to have small mass lesions involving foramen ovale. This presentation will demonstrate our experience based on image‐manipulated CT, actively monitored by both radiologist and otolaryngologist.
Adenotonsillectomies on a surgical day‐clinic basis
Authors: Segal Cornelia , Berger Gilad , Basker Morrie , Marshak Gabriel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAdenotonsillectomies are a common surgical procedure. A review is given of 892 cases of tonsillectomies and adenoidectomies performed on a basis of short hospitalization without added risk. Benefits, both financial and psychological, are described.
Clinical and experimental results with focused ultrasound
Authors: Peron Didiler L. , Kitamura Ken , Carniol Paul J. , Schuknecht Harold F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFocused ultrasound was applied at the lateral semicircular canal in 19 patients and at the round window in 12 patients, all of whom had intractable vertigo caused by Meniere's disease. Postoperatively, the vertigo was relieved or diminished in 75% of the lateral canal cases and in 25% of the round window cases. The results indicate that the lateral canal approach may have some therapeutic value, but the treatment is arduous for the patient and the risk of facial palsy is always nettlesome. Utilizing similar techniques, ultrasound irradiation was given to the lateral canals of 6 squirrel monkeys and to the round windows of 15 cats. After survival times of up to 3 months, light microscopic studies of the temporal bones of these animals show no morphological changes which can be attributed to the ultrasound irradiation. In general, these findings are in concert with the reports of other investigators and show that selective ablation of the vestibular sense organs cannot be achieved by current techniques of ultrasound irradiation. It seems doubtful that prolonged relief of vertigo can be expected to occur without a more complete morphological ablation of the vestibular sense organs than is possible with the current methods of ultrasound treatment.
An assessment of neck node immunoreactivity in head and neck cancer
Authors: Schuller David E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCurrent conventional forms of cancer treatment represent non‐specific modalities that destroy not only cancerous but also noncancerous tissue in an effort to totally eradicate the neoplasm. It was unknown in head and neck cancer whether a more specific form of treatment, as it relates to neck nodal disease, was advisable. The purpose of this investigation was to study the cervical node immunoreactivity in head and neck cancer patients as a means of determining their immunologic capabilities and thus provide information about the merits of specific vs. non‐specific cancer treatment. The results demonstrated that lymphocytes arising from cervical nodes caused alterations in the tumor growth. There appeared to be no particular difference in immunoreactivity of lymphocytes arising from nodes located in different areas of the neck. The regional immune system of neck nodes in the head and neck cancer patient appears to be capable of mounting an immune response irrespective of the patient's tumor status. Usual measures of systemic immunocompetence failed to identify any patients with advanced stage disease and showed little correlation with the regional immunoreactivity. The regional nodal immunoreactivity also did not correlate with the size or the numbers of metastatic neck nodes. The results demonstrate that cervidal neck nodes are capable of mounting an immune response to head and neck cancer and are not mere passive filters that are periodically involved with tumor emboli. These results support the need for the development of reliable treatments which are directed at tumor tissue only.
The role of supraomohyoid neck dissection at the time of supraglottic laryngectomy
Authors: Baredes Soly , Nussbaum Moses , Som Max L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUncontrolled cervical metastasis is the most common source of failure in the surgical treatment of supraglottic carcinoma. This study was designed to determine the value of suprnomohyoid neck dissection in patients undergoing supraglottic laryngectomy. The rationale for considering the role of supraomohyoid neck dissection is that such a dissection encompasses the subdigastric and midjugular nodes which arc the first echelon of lymphatic drainage of the supraglottic larynx.Thirty‐eight patients with a diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated by subtotal supraglottic laryngectomy (SSL). Ten patients underwent SSL with no neck dissection, 16 patients underwent SSL with supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHD) — 9 unilateral and 7 bilateral, and 12 patients underwent SSL with radical neck dissection (RND). The 3 groups had comparable T classifications. All of the SSL and SSL with SOHD patients were classified as No. Of the 12 patients treated with SSL and RND, 4 were classified as No, 4 as N1, 3 as N2, and 1 as N3. The patients were studied to determine the incidence and pattern of subsequent neck disease, survival, complications, and length of hospitalization.The data indicates that supraomohyoid neck dissection offers little benefit as an adjunct to supraglottic laryngectomy.
Pectoralis major myocutaneous reconstruction of the anterior skull base
Authors: Sasaki Clarence T. , Ariyan Stephen , Spencer Dennis , Buckwalter Jeffrey 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIt was once believed that prognosis for many patients with neoplasms of the anterior skull base was hopeless. Now, however, craniofacial resection of these lesions has been curative for many patients.Massive resections of the anterior skull base pose many potentially life‐threatening complications. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage with meningitis is especially troublesome when previous radiation therapy compromises wound healing. In such circumstances local tissue flaps and skin grafting may not provide reliable separation of the brain from the nose.The pectoralis major flap was utilized in eight patients undergoing anterolateral resection of the skull base. Several major advantages of this technique include: 1. reliable closure of the subarachnoid space; 2. acceptable cosmesis; 3. rapid wound rehabilitation, allowing early postoperative radiation therapy when necessary.
Ear‐Eye reflexes while riding in a car
Authors: Clack T. Dean , Milburn Wanda O. , Graham Malcolm D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPersons with diminished or absent vestibulo‐ocular reflexes (VORs) are thought to have difficulty with ocular stabilization during sufficiently rapid head movements. This suggests the hypothesis that labyrinthine defective individuals might have impaired visual abilities when in a moving motor vehicle. Ten licensed drivers likely to have abnormal VORs were recruited to assess this possibility. Their labyrinthine function was indexed by measurements of ocular counterroll responses to static head tilt and the nystagmus induced with caloric stimulations. Each person was evaluated on a visual task, i.e., answers to questions about alphanumeric information read from a stationary sign while sitting still and while riding in a car. Comparisons of vision scores tend to be lower in the moving than in the still condition. Furthermore, these decrements appear more closely related to the magnitudes of ocular counterroll than to the caloric reflexes. These results have implications concerning otolithic us. semicircular canal function, vehicle operations by vestibularimpaired individuals, and evaluations of clinical treatments which employ vestibulotoxic drugs.
The efficacy of the CO2 laser in the sterilization of skin seeded with bacteria: Survival at the skin surface and in the plume emissions
Authors: Mullarky Michael B. , Norris Charley W. , Goldberg Ivan D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA quantitative study on the survival of bacteria following exposure to the C02 laser was determined at the skin surface and in the plume. Known quantities of bacteria were inoculated onto the surface of fresh pig skin and exposed to timed bursts of the radiation. Results indicate that the bacterial population at the skin surface was reduced by several orders of magnitude while the potential for spread of bacteria by the plume of smoke was negligible.
Intratracheal thyroid: An unusual cause of upper airway obstruction in a newborn
Authors: Chanin Louis R. , Greenberg Lyon 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe proper management of upper airway obstruction requires prompt recognition, correct diagnosis, and appropriate treatment. Of all the causes of upper airway compromise, intratracheal thyroid is one of the least common, especially in the newborn.The majority of cases reported involve adults or adolescents, mostly in European countries. The English literature has fewer cases, none involving a newborn.The authors report a case they believe to be the first example in the English language of obstructing intratracheal thyroid in a newborn. The authors' experience and literature review of this rare anomaly are presented in an effort to acquaint others with this often unthought of cause of airway compromise.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An evaluation of 134 patients treated between 1971‐1980
Authors: Dickson Robert I. , Flores Albino D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAn analysis is made of 134 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated from 1971‐1980 at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia.Incidence rate for Chinese born in the Orient was 20.5 per 100,000 per year compared to 1.32 per 100,000 for Canadian born Chinese. The Caucasian rate was .19 per 100,000 per year. These figures confirm a 15 times greater incidence of the disease in Chinese born in the Orient over those born in North America.The 86 Chinese patients were noted to have a 10% poorer survival than the 48 Caucasian patients on long‐term follow‐up.The main factor affecting survival was initial staging. Overall survival rates were 46.3% three year, no evidence of disease (NED) and 38.3% five year NED survival, but when disease was limited to the nasopharynx (T1, T2, N0) they were 73.9% three year NED and 66.6% five year NED survival.One‐third of the patients ultimately developed distant metastases below the clavicle. Although lower T and N stage cases had fewer of these, the overall correlation with staging was poor.Female patients showed statistically significant better survival which was not related to better initial staging. They did, however, have 11% fewer eventual distant metastases.
Auditory short, middle, and long latency responses in acutely comatose patients
Authors: Kaga Kimitaka , Nagai Taiji , Takamori Akiyu , Marsh Roger R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractFor assessing comatose patients, the combination of auditory short, middle, and long latency evoked potentials (auditory brain stem response [ABR], middle latency component [MLC], and slow vertex response [SVR]) is more comprehensive than auditory brain stem response (ABR) only or ABR with slow vertex response (SVR). Fifty‐four acutely comatose patients were studied. Thirty‐four of the patients had severe head injury and others had coma of varied etiology. Within two months after admission, 25 patients survived, while 29 patients died.Auditory evoked response measurements were conducted usually within 48 to 72 hours after admission. For patients with normal SVR, MLC, and ABR, there was 100% survival; with absent SVR but normal MLC and ABR, survival was 91%; with absent SVR and MLC and normal ABR, it was 60%; with abnormal ABR, it was 10%; no patient survived whose ABR was absent. It is emphasized that a normal MLC is clearly a predictor of survival of comatose patients, but a normal ABR is not always a reliable indicator of survival.
Anatomical investigation of the corticonuclear projections to the facial nerve nucleus in the cat
Authors: Schmitt John , Gacek Richard R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe present study was performed to demonstrate a cortical projection to the facial nucleus of the cat. The right facial nucleus of 16 cats was injected with the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP). After allowing 36 hours for the retrograde transport of HRP, the animals were sacrificed by perfusion. The cortex, midbrain, and brain stem were removed, frozen sectioned, and reacted for HRP activity. Labeled pyramidal type cells were found bilaterally in layer V of the anterior sigmoid, presylvian, and coronal gyri of the frontal cerebral cortex. A significantly greater number of labeled cells were present in the contralateral motor cortex. Labeled cells were also found in the contralateral red nucleus, ipsilateral oculomotor nucleus, and periaqueductal gray substance of the midbrain.
The safety of frontal sinus fat obliteration when sinus walls are missing
Authors: Donald Paul J. , Ettin Malcolm 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe dilemma of the management of a severely fractured frontal sinus when portions of the walls are missing presents a number of therapeutic options. The safety of placing a fat graft in such a sinus for obliteration when the graft will be required to obtain its nourishment from the scant vessels contained within the subcutaneous tissue or dura, or worse still, from a dural or bone graft is questioned. Clinical experience has suggested that such a procedure may not be safe. An experiment was performed in nine cats in which all of either the anterior or posterior frontal sinus wall was removed in eight sinuses, and 50% of either wall in the remaining ten. A standard asteoplastic flap and fat obliteration technique was then done.On microscopic examination 3 months Inter, 50% of the sinuses showed either recpithelialization, mucocele formation, infection, or some combination. This gives some support to the contention that patients undergoing fat obliteration after fracture in which frontal sinus walls are missing are in jeopardy of subsequent mucocele formation and infection.
A technique for measuring the rate of cerumen production
Authors: Cipriani C. , Cardo P. P. , Rebora A. , Taborelli G. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA technique is described for quantitatively measuring the rate of cerumen production. Two different washing solutions were tried. A mixture of alcohol/ether (3:1 v/v) appeared to be the best extracting solution yielding 2.05±0.22 versus 0.73±0.14 mg/week per ear obtained with Triton X‐100 solution. In addition, reproducibility was definitely better. Triton X‐100 may be useful whenever microbiologic evaluations are requested. Total lipids accounted for 73.3% of cerumen extracted with the former solution, triglycerides being 19.5%, and cholesterol 7.2%. Our extracting technique appears to be a good estimate of the cerumen global output and may supply important information about cerumen in several biologic conditions.