bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of a boundary object in legitimacy-making strategies for food waste innovation: the perspective of emergent circular supply chains
Authors: Do Quynh , Mishra Nishikant , Correia Fernando , Eldridge Stephen 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Circular economy advocates innovations that upcycle wastes in the food supply chain to generate high added-value materials. These innovations are not only disruptive and green but also they are often initiated by startups, leading to the emergence of novel open-loop supply chains connecting actors in food and non-food sectors. While earlier research has highlighted the need to seek legitimacy for disruptive innovations to survive and grow, little is known about how these innovations occur and evolve across sectors. This paper aims to elaborate on this mechanism by exploring the function of the circular economy as a boundary object to facilitate legitimacy-seeking strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory multiple-case research design is adopted and features food waste innovation projects with multi-tier supply chains consisting of a food producer, a startup and a buying firm. The study is investigated from the legitimacy and boundary object lenses.

Findings
The findings proposed a framework for the role of a boundary object in enabling legitimacy-seeking strategies for novel food waste innovations. First, the interpretative flexibility of the circular economy affords actors symbolic resources to conduct manipulation strategy to achieve cognitive legitimacy. Second, small-scale work arrangements enable creation strategy for the new supply chain to harness moral legitimacy. Finally, pragmatic legitimacy is granted via diffusion strategy enabled by scalable work arrangements.

Originality/value
This paper provides novel insights into the emergence of food waste innovation from a multi-tier supply chain perspective. It also highlights the key role of the boundary object in the legitimacy-seeking process.
A facies‐constrained geostatistical seismic inversion method based on multi‐scale sparse representation
Authors: Su Qin , Xu Xingrong , Chen Ting , Zong Jingjing , Wang Hua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGeostatistical seismic inversion is an important method for establishing high‐resolution reservoir parameter models. There is no accurate representation method for reservoir structural features, and prior information about structural features cannot be incorporated into geostatistical inversion. Based on the assumption of the sparsity of stratigraphic sedimentary features, the same type of structural feature is used to represent the sedimentary pattern of reservoirs within the same facies. Different sparse representation patterns are used to represent the differences in sedimentary patterns between facies. Although changes in depositional environment might result in the multi‐scale characteristics of geological structures for varying sedimentary rhythms, this paper proposes a facies‐constrained geostatistical inversion method based on multi‐scale sparse representation to better accommodate such situation. Using the method of sparse representation combined with wavelet transform, the multi‐scale sedimentary structural features of reservoirs are learned from well‐logging data. Seismic facies and multi‐scale features are used as prior information for geostatistical inversion. Further, the likelihood function is constructed using seismic data to obtain the posterior probability distribution of reservoir parameters. Finally, the accurate inversion result is obtained by using multi‐scale sparse representation as a constraint in the posterior probability distribution of reservoir parameters. Compared with conventional geostatistical methods, this algorithm can better match the structural features of reservoir parameters with varying geological conditions. Field data tests have shown the effectiveness of this method in improving the accuracy and resolution of reservoir parameter structural features.
Calcium and the ecology of photosynthesis in purple sulfur bacteria
Authors: Madigan Michael T. , Sattley W. Matthew , Kimura Yukihiro , Wang‐Otomo Zheng‐Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe ecological success of purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) is linked to their ability to collect near‐infrared solar energy by membrane‐integrated, pigment–protein photocomplexes. These include a Core complex containing both light‐harvesting 1 (LH1) and reaction centre (RC) components (called the LH1–RC photocomplex) present in all PSB and a peripheral light‐harvesting complex present in most but not all PSB. In research to explain the unusual absorption properties of the thermophilic purple sulfur bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum, Ca2+ was discovered bound to LH1 polypeptides in its LH1–RC; further work showed that calcium controls both the thermostability and unusual spectrum of the Core complex. Since then, Ca2+ has been found in the LH1–RC photocomplexes of several other PSB, including mesophilic species, but not in the LH1–RC of purple non‐sulfur bacteria. Here we focus on four species of PSB—two thermophilic and two mesophilic—and describe how Ca2+ is integrated into and affects their photosynthetic machinery and why this previously overlooked divalent metal is a key nutrient for their ecological success.
A geographic information system approach for estimating state‐wide water quality credit need: Application for planned transportation projects in Virginia
Authors: Nelson Jacob D. , Bowes Benjamin D. , Saby Linnea , Shafiee‐Jood Majid , Goodall Jonathan L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUncertainty in water quality trading (WQT) markets is frequently cited as a deterrent for participation, with few studies focusing on uncertainty in future water quality credit needs. To reduce this uncertainty, we present a geographic information system (GIS)‐based methodology for estimating an upper bound of water quality credit needs for a set of spatially referenced planned construction projects over a large geographic region. We demonstrate the methodology by applying it to estimate future credit needs for the Virginia Department of Transportation's (VDOT) 6‐year improvement program. The results show that 25% of the state's 6‐digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) basins lack sufficient current credit supply to meet the estimated future credit need from VDOT's planned projects alone. Furthermore, while 70% of the 8‐digit HUCs containing planned projects have a sufficient current credit supply to meet VDOT credit needs, this is true for only 20% of the 10‐digit HUCs. Finally, nearly 25% of the planned transportation projects, representing potentially $9 million in credit purchases at current market rates, will be constructed in catchments with impaired water bodies. State regulations will initially limit these projects to trade with credit banks collocated at the 12‐digit HUC level. This application demonstrates how the GIS‐based methodology can be applied to reduce uncertainty about future WQT credit needs and how needs are aligned with current credit supply.
Esophageal surgical Apgar score (eSAS): A predictor for postoperative morbidity in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy and esophagectomy
Authors: Wang Qin , Zhang Chi , Qi Chen , Qiang Yong , Zhang Zheng , Xu Fei , Shen Yi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe surgical Apgar score (SAS) quantifying three intraoperative indexes has been confirmed to be significantly associated with postoperative morbidity and prognosis in many surgical specialties. However, there are great limitations in its application for esophageal cancer (EC). This study aimed to assess the predictive capability of esophagectomy SAS (eSAS) in determining postoperative morbidity and overall survival (OS) in EC patients who had undergone neoadjuvant therapy.MethodsA retrospective evaluation was conducted on a cohort of 221 patients in which surgery‐ and tumor‐related data were extracted and analyzed. Major morbidity was defined as complications meeting the criteria of Clavien‐Dindo classification III or higher during hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify potential risk factors for major morbidity. Kaplan–Meier analysis was utilized to calculate the OS and relapse‐free survival (RFS).ResultsThe results exhibited that eSAS demonstrated potential predictive value for postoperative morbidity with an optimal cutoff value of 6. The eSAS and diabetes mellitus were two independent risk factors for the major morbidity; however, no correlation between the eSAS and the OS or RFS was detected.ConclusionThe eSAS could be used as a predictor of major morbidity, while it was not correlated with OS and RFS.
Genome‐wide profiles of DNA damage represent highly accurate predictors of mammalian age
Authors: Cao Huifen , Deng Bolin , Song Tianrong , Lian Jiabian , Xia Lu , Chu Xiaojing , Zhang Yufei , Yang Fujian , Wang Chunlian , Cai Ye , Diao Yong , Kapranov Philipp 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe identification of novel age‐related biomarkers represents an area of intense research interest. Despite multiple studies associating DNA damage with aging, there is a glaring paucity of DNA damage‐based biomarkers of age, mainly due to the lack of precise methods for genome‐wide surveys of different types of DNA damage. Recently, we developed two techniques for genome‐wide mapping of the most prevalent types of DNA damage, single‐strand breaks and abasic sites, with nucleotide‐level resolution. Herein, we explored the potential of genomic patterns of DNA damage identified by these methods as a source of novel age‐related biomarkers using mice as a model system. Strikingly, we found that models based on genomic patterns of either DNA lesion could accurately predict age with higher precision than the commonly used transcriptome analysis. Interestingly, the informative patterns were limited to relatively few genes and the DNA damage levels were positively or negatively correlated with age. These findings show that previously unexplored high‐resolution genomic patterns of DNA damage contain useful information that can contribute significantly to both practical applications and basic science.
“I don't want to be the squeaky wheel”: Addressing bias as a leader in emergency medicine
Authors: Suri Ambuj , Yang David , Sun Wendy W. , Fofana Mariame , Binstadt Emily S. , Weygandt Paul Logan , Moll Joel L. , Strout Tania D. , Gipson Katrina , Norman Marquita S. , Tsuchida Ryan E. , Alvarez Al'ai , Balhara Kamna S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundImplicit bias poses a barrier to inclusivity in the health care workforce and is detrimental to patient care. While previous studies have investigated knowledge and training gaps related to implicit bias, emergency medicine (EM) leaders’ self‐awareness and perspectives on bias have not been studied. Using art to prompt reflections on implicit bias, this qualitative study explores (1) the attitudes of leaders in EM toward implicit bias and (2) individual or structural barriers to navigating and addressing bias in the workplace.MethodsInvestigators facilitated an hour‐long workshop in May 2022 for those with leadership positions in the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM), a leading national EM organization, including 62 attending physicians, eight residents/fellows, and four medical students. The workshop utilized arts‐based methods to generate a psychologically supportive space to lead conversations around implicit bias in EM. The session included time for individual reflection, where participants used an electronic platform to respond anonymously to questions regarding susceptibility, fears, barriers, and experiences surrounding bias. Two independent coders compiled, coded, and reviewed the responses using an exploratory constructivist approach.ResultsA total of 125 responses were analyzed. Four major themes emerged: (1) acceptance that bias exists; (2) individual barriers, including fear of negative reactions, often due to power dynamics between respondents and other members of the ED; (3) institutional barriers, such as insufficient funding and unprotected time committed to addressing bias; and (4) ambiguity about defining and prioritizing bias.ConclusionsThis qualitative analysis of reflections from an arts‐based workshop highlights perceived fears and barriers that may impact EM physicians’ motivation and comfort in addressing bias. These results may help guide interventions to address individual and structural barriers to mitigating bias in the workplace.
Colorectal cancer treatment outcomes during the pandemic: Our experience of COVID‐19 at a tertiary referral center
Authors: Kei Christy , Gartrell Richard , Arafat Yasser , Degabriele Elizabeth , Yeung Josephine , Chan Steven , Faragher Ian , Yeung Justin M. C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundsThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has led to major shifts in the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to identify the impact and early outcomes of COVID‐19 following CRC management at a tertiary referral center in Victoria, Australia.MethodsThis was a retrospective study, utilizing the Australian Comprehensive Cancer Outcomes and Research Database and inpatient records. Patients presenting for CRC management at our institution were identified coinciding with the first Victorian outbreak of COVID‐19 (March 26 to September 26, 2020) (COVID). Management decisions including chemoradiotherapy utilization and surgical outcomes were analyzed within 6 months and compared with the corresponding period in 2019 (pre‐COVID).ResultsA total of 276 patients were included in this study (147 pre‐COVID period, 129 COVID period). During the COVID period, more patients (47.6% vs. 60.5%; p = 0.033) presented symptomatically and less for surveillance (10.9% vs. 2.3%; p < 0.01). Eighty‐four pre‐COVID and 69 COVID period patients proceeded to surgery. The average time from diagnosis date to surgery was 15.6 days less during the COVID period. There were no significant differences in postoperative utilization of higher care (p = 0.74), complications (p = 0.93), median hospital length of stay (p = 0.67), 30‐day readmission (p = 0.50), or 30‐day reoperation (p = 0.74). In 1.6% of cases, pandemic impacts resulted in a change in management.ConclusionPresentation of patients with CRC varied, with a significant increase in symptomatic presentations and decreased numbers for surveillance. Through flexibility and change in practice, our institution helped improve access to surgical intervention and oncological therapies. Further prospective work is required to identify long‐term outcomes and characterize the effects of ongoing disruptions.
Uptake of intra‐muscular vitamin K administration after birth: A national cohort study
Authors: Brunton Susanne , Fenton Lynda , Hardelid Pia , Williams Thomas C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimA long‐acting monoclonal antibody against RSV (nirsevimab), given as an injection shortly after birth, is currently being rolled out globally. Carer acceptance of intra‐muscular (IM) vitamin K, another injection given shortly after birth, could serve to indicate the acceptability of nirsevimab.MethodsWe analysed a national dataset of postnatal health visitor visits in Scotland; individual‐level data on gestation were not available. The primary outcome measure was the modality of administration of vitamin K; potential explanatory variables were maternal age, infant ethnicity, English as a first language, and measures of socio‐economic deprivation. We examined associations between IM vitamin K administration or oral/no vitamin K and each explanatory variable.ResultsFrom 2019 to 2021, questionnaires were available for 142 857 infants; data was missing for 2.7%. IM Vitamin K uptake was high: 95.5% of carers consented, with 1.1% requesting oral vitamin K and 0.9% refusing vitamin K altogether. Infant ethnicity, use of English as a first language, socio‐economic status and maternal age were not associated with reduced uptake of IM vitamin K.ConclusionIf IM Vitamin K administration is a valid proxy measure for nirsevimab acceptance, we did not identify groups that might require increased engagement prior to nirsevimab roll‐out.
The role of maintenance therapy following autologous stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: Considerations on behalf of the Chronic Malignancies Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Hwang Angela , Hayden Patrick , Pawlyn Charlotte , McLornan Donal , Garderet Laurent 
Published: February 2024

SummaryRecent treatment advancements in multiple myeloma have led to significant improvements in patient outcomes. Maintenance therapy following autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) is now standard of care and has been demonstrated to prolong and deepen treatment responses. Currently, lenalidomide remains the single agent that has been approved for maintenance post‐AHCT in Europe and the USA which, if tolerated, is continued until disease progression. The treatment landscape is rapidly expanding however, and the optimal personalised maintenance approach for a patient is becoming more complex. Treatment outcomes for patients with high‐risk disease remain poor and choice of maintenance in this population also remains unclear. This review article evaluates up‐to‐date literature regarding established maintenance approaches. It further analyses ongoing studies exploring maintenance regimens using combination and novel agents, approaches to maintenance in patients with cytogenetic high‐risk disease and minimal residual disease response‐adapted strategies that reflect the current evolving treatment paradigm.
TMEM97 knockdown inhibits 5‐fluorouracil resistance by regulating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and ABC transporter expression via inactivating the Akt/mTOR pathway in 5‐fluorouracil‐resistant colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Xu Yi , Tang Yan , Xu Qiu , He Wenguang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractResistance to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) is still a primary setback to the success of colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy. Transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97) functions as an oncogene in CRC. However, the role and mechanism of TMEM97 in regulating 5‐FU resistance in CRC cells remains unclear. TMEM97 expression in CRC samples was analyzed by GEPIA and human protein atlas (HPA) databases. TMEM97, E‐cadherin, Vimentin, N‐cadherin, P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1 (MRP1)/ABCC1, ABCC2, and the changes of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway were explored by western blot analysis. IC50 value for 5‐FU and cell viability was examined by MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. TMEM97 was highly expressed in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) based on GEPIA and HPA databases. TMEM97 knockdown attenuated 5‐FU resistance in HCT116/R and SW480/R cells, as evidenced by the reduced IC50 value for 5‐FU and the increased apoptosis. TMEM97 knockdown suppressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), expression of ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and the Akt/mTOR pathway. Mechanistically, activation of Akt/mTOR pathway abolished the inhibitory effects of TMEM97 knockdown on 5‐FU resistance, EMT, and ABC transporter expression. In conclusion, TMEM97 knockdown inhibited 5‐FU resistance in CRC by regulating EMT and ABC transporter expression via inactivating the Akt/mTOR pathway.
The Geopolitical Economy of International Inequality
Authors: Freeman Alan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThis article shows that economic inequality between nations has systematically worsened in monetary terms since 1950, and that the principal explanator is inequality between blocs of nations, notably the persistent gap between the Global North and Global South. By 2022, the GDP per capita of the North was 12 times greater than that of the South, this ratio being twice as great as in 1950. This general trend has two consistent exceptions, China and Vietnam. There was also a brief reversal of the trend from 2000 to 2012. However, except for China and Vietnam, it has resumed since then. The article shows that both the Global South and North are coherent entities: they are historically stable and converge internally while diverging from each other. It assesses the implications for international inequality and convergence research and draws out some consequences for world geopolitical relations. Finally, the article sets out the case for an international classification standard that facilitates systematic research into inter‐bloc inequality.
Diagnostic work‐up in malformations of cortical development
Authors: Rijckmans Ellen , Stouffs Katrien , Jansen Anna C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMalformations of cortical development (MCDs) represent a heterogeneous spectrum of disorders characterized by atypical development of the cerebral cortex. MCDs are most often diagnosed on the basis of imaging, although subtle lesions, such as focal cortical dysplasia, may only be revealed on neuropathology. Different subtypes have been defined, including lissencephaly, heterotopia, cobblestone malformation, polymicrogyria, and dysgyria. Many MCDs are of genetic origin, although acquired factors, such as congenital cytomegalovirus infections and twinning sequence, can lead to similar phenotypes. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the diagnostic approach to MCDs, which is illustrated with clinical vignettes, on diagnostic pitfalls such as somatic mosaicism and consanguinity, and recognizable phenotypes on imaging, such as tubulinopathies, the lissencephaly spectrum, tuberous sclerosis complex, and FLNA‐related periventricular nodular heterotopia.
Evolutionary origin of the nervous system from Ctenophora prospective
Authors: Sachkova Maria Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNervous system is one of the key adaptations underlying the evolutionary success of the majority of animal groups. Ctenophores (or comb jellies) are gelatinous marine invertebrates that were probably the first lineage to diverge from the rest of animals. Due to the key phylogenetic position and multiple unique adaptations, the noncentralized nervous system of comb jellies has been in the center of the debate around the origin of the nervous system in the animal kingdom and whether it happened only once or twice. Here, we discuss the latest findings in ctenophore neuroscience and multiple challenges on the way to build a clear evolutionary picture of the origin of the nervous system.