bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hairy‐cell leukemia with hybrid B‐T features: A study with a panel of monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Armitage R. J. , Worman C. P. , Galvin M. C. , Cawley J. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe peripheral blood of three patients with otherwise typical hairy‐cell leukemia (HCL), but with a substantial number of circulating cells expressing both light chain restricted surface immunoglobulin (SIg) and sheep erythrocyte (E) receptor, was studied with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The presence of hybrid B‐T surface features was confirmed and, although as in previous studies of E+SIg+ proliferations, the precise phenotypes varied at different times of study, E+ non‐T SIg+ and E+T+SIg+ populations were at times present in all three patients together with typical B hairy‐cell (HC) and phenotypically normal T‐cell populations. In one patient an E−OKT11+SIg+ population was also observed. Extensive precautions were taken to exclude spurious explanations for these hybrid phenotypes. These results are discussed in relation to the recent demonstration that both HCs and normal B cells can express T‐cell features after appropriate in vitro stimulation.
Simultaneous reticulocyte and platelet counting on a clinical flow cytometer
Authors: Vaughan William P. , Hall Janet , Johnson Karen , Dougherty Carol , Peebles Deborah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLaser flow cytometric analysis is well suited to many clinical immunofluorescent and hematologic applications. One of these is automated reticulocyte and platelet enumerations. We have performed a clinical evaluation of a fluorescence laser flow cytometer reticulocyte and platelet enumeration method using the fluorochrome acridine orange. One hundred and thirty‐two clinical specimens from inpatients in our comprehensive cancer center were analyzed for platelet counts and 101 samples from the same population were analyzed for reticulocyte counts by the flow cytometer and simultaneously by conventional techniques. Both the reticulocyte and platelet enumerations achieved a high degree of correlation with standard methods for the nonbone marrow‐transplant patients studied (R = .989 for reticulocytes and R = .995 for platelets). Marrow transplant patients had a slightly poorer correlation coefficient for the reticulocyte enumeration (R = .923), but analysis of serial determinations of these patients' samples for reticulocyte counts revealed that results were more consistent over time with the automated method than with the traditional manual method. The laser flow cytometer fluorescence reticulocyte and platelet enumeration methods described are efficient, rapid, and reliable for platelet and reticulocyte counting.
Mitral valve prolapse in sickle cell disease: Manifestation of a generalized connective tissue disorder
Authors: Lippman Scott M. , Abergel R. Patrick , Ginzton Leonard E. , Uitto Jouni , Tanaka Kouichi R. , Miyamoto Eric K. , Laks Michael M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have shown an association of sickle cell disease with generalized connective tissue disorders such as pscudoxanthoma elasticum. We recently documented an unexpectedly high prevalence of mitral valve prolapse, a connective tissue disorder, in sickle cell discase. To investigate this association, skin biopsies were analyzed from 32 sickle cell disease patients, 11 of whom had mitral prolapse. Total and type III collagen, collagen solubility, and uronic acid were not different between the patients with or without mitral prolapse (p > 0.05). Computerized morphometric quantitation of the volume fraction of elastic fibers was greater in sickle cell disease patients than in 10 normals (3.1 ± 0.1 mean ± SEM vs 2.0 ± 0.3%; p < 0.01) but less than in three patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (9.7 0.6%; p < 0.001). Desmosine radioimmunoassay (an index of elastic fibers) was greater in sickle cell disease patients with mitral prolapse than those without (239.3 ± 9.3 vs 171.7 ± 25.4 ng/mg wet weight; p < 0.02). Histopathologic grading showed a similar trend (p = 0.07). The combined probabilities of these three independent tests of elastic fiber quantity showed an increased elastic fiber concentration in mitral prolapse patients compared to those without mitral prolapse (p < 0.02). Thus, there is no evidence for a specific collagen defect; rather, sickle cell disease appears to be associated with a spectrum of elastic tissue disorders, a feature that could predispose to mitral valve prolapse.
β‐thromboglobulin in patents with breast cancer
Authors: Ferriere J. P. , Bernard D. , Legros M. , Chassagne J. , Chollet P. , Gaillard G. , Plagne R. 
Published: February 2007

Abstractβ‐thromboglobulin (βTG) plasma levels were determined in 52 female breast cancer patients at different stages and in 39 healthy controls (22 women and 17 men) of similar age distribution. βTG levels were high (mean ± SD: 61.6 ± 59.1 ng/ml) in patients before any treatment compared to controls (mean ± SD: 21.2 ± 7.4 ng/ml) and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). No correlation with disease stage was observed. No other coagulation parameters were abnormal except fibrinogen, which increased. Fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) also increased but only in metastatic patients. Chemotherapy appeared to induce a considerable decrease in initial values at the end of the first cycle without modifying the platelet count. In addition, an attempt was made to correlate the βTG plasma level investigated serially for several months with disease evolution.
Pseudotumor of hemophilia in the orbit: The role of radiotherapy in management
Authors: Meyers Lee , Hakami Nasrollah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of pseudotumor of hemophilia is presented that occured in the right orbit of a boy with severe factor VIII deficiency and an inhibitor. After a period of observation and conservative management, low‐dose radiotherapy (750 rads) and Proples was used. Eighteen months after radiotherapy significant healing had occured. The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of hemophillic pseudotumor is reviewed.
Positive direct antiglobulin test associated with hyperglobulinemia in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Authors: Toy Pearl T. C. Y. , Reid Marion E. , Burns Maryann 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study determined the prevalence and clinical significance of a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) observed in pretransfusion tests on red cells from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Transfusion service records showed that prevalence of a positive DAT on red cells was 18% (10/55) in AIDS patients compared to 0.6% in general hospital patients during a 2‐year period (1981‐1983). A similar rate of 18% (8/45) was observed in other hyperglobulinemic patients. Of the 10 AIDS patients whose red cells were DAT positive, four had IgG and complement, four had IgG, and two had complement alone on their red cells. The eluates were not reactive with normal red cells nor with penicillin or cephalothincoated red cells. Clinically, no hemolysis was observed. In this series a positive DAT in AIDS patients appeared not to be associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The positive DAT in AIDS patients may be due to the hyperglobulinemic state.
Protein kinases in human leukemic cells
Authors: Phan‐Dinh‐Tuy F. , Henry J. , Boucheix C. , Perrot J. Y. , Rosenfeld C. , Kahn A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProtein kinase activities and cyclic AMP binding capacity were investigated in human peripheral blood cells from leukemic patients and normal controls. Using [γ32P] ATP as phosphoryldonor, the phosphorylating activities were not found to be significantly different in either normal or leukemic cells when measured on both artificial basic and acidic substrates. In contrast, the GTP‐dependent casein kinase activity, CK2, which is almost undetectable in normal granulocytes, was markedly increased in highly proliferating myeloblastic cells from patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic crisis (BC‐CML).Levels of endogenous phosphotyrosine were not higher in leukemic cells than in normal peripheral lymphocytes or granulocytes.Finally, cAMP binding capacity was found to be increased in several types of proliferating leukemic cells, due to a higher amount of the R1‐type regulatory subunit of the cAMP‐dependent protein kinases. Specific patterns of cAMP binding proteins observed in the different types of normal blood cells were rather blurred in leukemic cells. In conclusion, modifications observed in human leukemic cells seem to be more related to proliferation or blockage in normal differentiation than to their cellular origin.
Adenosine deaminase and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in human lymphomas: An aid to the diagnosis and subclassification of lymphoblastic lymphomas
Authors: Vezzoni Paolo , Giardini Roberto , Lucchini Roberto , Lombardi Luciano , Vezzoni Maria A. , Besana Carlo , Clerici Libero 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdenosine deaminase (ADA) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activities were determined on 97 biopsic specimens obtained from patients with non‐neoplastic diseases (12 cases), Hodgkin (30 cases), and non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (55 cases). Thirty additional cases were tested only for TdT. TdT was positive in 10 out of 13 lymphoblastic lymphomas (LL) examined and negative in all the other specimens, including the ten cases of the immunoblastic type. Levels of ADA above 350 U/mg of protein were found in 10 out of 12 LL tested, but not in any other specimen. The 3 TdT−LL had high contents of ADA. Therefore, all LL can be detected using both ADA and TdT markers. The 3 TdT− LL had a heterogeneous phenotype and their possible origin is discussed in view of the possibility that they constitute a rare entity distinct from the more common TdT+ LL. Very low levels of ADA (below 100 U/mg of protein) were found in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and immunocytoma, and in Burkitt's lymphoma. In other B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, intermediate values between 100 and 350 U were often found, and this finding could be relevant to the different cellular origin of the various B‐cell neoplasias. We conclude that ADA distribution in solid lymphoid tumors reflects the cellular origin of these neoplasias. Adenosine deaminase alone and in combination with TdT can be useful in the diagnosis and classification of childhood lymphomas in which the immature hystotypes predominate.
Histidine‐rich glycoprotein and changes in the components of the fibrinolytic system after streptokinase therapy in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Tim Goodnough Lawrence , Saito Hidehiko , Bell William R. , Heimburger N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough the biological function of histidine‐rich glycoprotein (HRG) is unknown, it may serve as an antifibrinolytic agent by interfering with the binding of plasminogen to fibrin. To define the role of HRG, plasma titers were measured by single radial immunodiffusion in eleven patients with thromboembolism before and after streptokinase (SK) therapy and were found unchanged (84.7 ± 6.2%, M ± SEM before, and 99.5 ± 6.3% after 12 hr of SK therapy). The HRG peaks on crossed immunoelectrophoresis before and after SK infusion were also unchanged. α2‐plasmin inhibitor fell during SK infusion as measured immunologically (102.0 ± 15.0% before and 28.0 ± 1.6% after 12 hr of therapy) and fibrinogen‐fibrin degradative products appeared (mean titer of 1:2, 048 after 12 hr of therapy), indicating that the infused SK was biologically active. Plasminogen levels before therapy were normal, as measured functionally and immunologically (105.4 ± 4.9% and 96.0 ± 5.6%, respectively), and both decreased after 12 hr of SK therapy (15.2 ± 5.6% and 50.8 ± 4.3%). No changes in functional antithrombin III titer, Hageman factor antigen level, or fibrinogen concentration, as measured turbidimetrically, were observed. Thus, although these data do not allow one to make any firm conclusions regarding the physiologic role of this protein in fibrinolysis, they do not exclude its increased catabolism, compensated by increased production, in patients undergoing fibrinolytic therapy.
Autoimmune hyperthyroidism and thrombocytopenia developing in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Haubenstock Alexander , Zalusky Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 56‐year‐old white man is described whose course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was complicated by the Occurrence of the autoimmune hyperthyroidism/ thrombocytopenia syndrome. The implications of this syndrome on the treatment of CLL are discussed.
In vitro stimulation of monocyte tissue factor activity by autologous platelets
Authors: Pinder Patricia B. , Hunt Jane A. , Zacharski Leo R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWashed human platelets were found to enhance phytohemagglutinin (PHA)‐stimulated tissue factor (TF) synthesis when incubated with autologous mononuclear cell cultures. Furthermore, platelets increased TF synthesis even when no other stimulator was present during the incubation. Experiments utilizing similar cultures derived from blood of patients with Glanzmann's disease, von Willebrand's disease, and platelet storage pool disease indicated that platelets with each of these genetic defects possessed the capacity to enhance the synthesis of this initiator of coagulation by unstimulated cells as did normal platelets.The degree of platelet enhancement varied between individuals, but for any given donor, the extent of the effect depended on the concentration of platelets used. The effect was demonstrable at platelet/monocyte ratios ranging from a low of approximately 15 to the highest ratio used, about 300. For comparison the ratio of these two cellular elements in normal human blood is estimated to be approximately 1,000. These findings may reflect a relationship between these two cell types that can occur in vivo.
Interferon‐induced aplasia: Evidence for t‐cell‐mediated suppression of hematopoiesis and recovery after treatment with horse antihuman thymocyte globulin
Authors: Mangan K. F. , Zidar B. , Shadduck R. K. , Zeigler Z. , Winkelstein A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA severe and persistent pancytopenia occurred in a 42‐year‐old woman with a non Hodgkin's lymphoma following a 10‐day course of intramuscular human leukocyte alpha interferon (IFN, 9.0 IU/day). Within 2 weeks of IFN, marrow nucleated myeloid and erythroid precursor cells and megakaryocytes were nearly absent and marrow progenitor cells (CFU‐E, BFU‐E, CFU‐GM) were undetectable. Analysis of marrow lymphocytes revealed that nearly 50% of the cells were E‐rosette +, Tγ+, OKT8 + (suppressor/cytotoxic) T‐and/or Leu 7 + natural killer (NK) lymphocytes and 50% were IgM Kappa, B1 +, B‐lymphocytes. In vitro erythroid culture studies were consistent with T‐cell‐mediated suppression of erythropoiesis. After 2 months without improvement on corticosteroid/androgen therapy, a 10‐day course of intravenous antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was administered. This was followed by a prompt reticulocytosis and a rise in blood neutrophils. After ATG therapy, there was a sixfold reduction in marrow suppressor cells, loss of in vitro suppressor effects on erythroid progenitor cells, and complete reversal of blood and marrow OKT4/OKT8 (helper/suppressor) ratios. These studies suggest that interferon may suppress hematopoiesis in some patients by activating marrow suppressor T‐ and/or NK cells. Treatment aimed at reduction of marrow suppressor cells may aid in hematologic recovery without eliminating the infiltrating lymphoma.
Low dose cytosine arabinoside in acute myeloid leukemia: Remission is not due to differentiation induction
Authors: Pinkerton Peter H. , London Betty , Cowan Donald H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (FAB M4), showing a near tetraploid chromosome complement on his marrow cells, was treated with low dose cytosine arabinoside and achieved remission. During remission the near tetraploid marrow chromosome complement disappeared and reappeared upon relapse of leukemia. These findings are interpreted as evidence against differentiation induction in the leukemic cell line as a mechanism for remission of the disease in this patient.
Haplotypes and levels of fetal hemoglobin and Gγ to Aγ ratios in mediterranean patients with thalassemia minor and major
Authors: Aksoy M. , Kutlar A. , Efremov G. D. , Nikolov N. , Petkov G. , Reese A. L. , Harano T. , Chen S. S. , Huisman T. H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study concerned the γ chain composition of Hb F and the haplotypes of 44 patients with β‐thalassemia major or intermedia and many of their relatives. Seventeen patients came from Northern (Turkish) Cyprus, 12 from the Istanbul area, and 15 from Macedonia and Bulgaria. Analysis of the AγT‐Gγ‐AγI ratio was made by HPLC, while haplotyping involved seven restriction sites.Specific haplotypes were present in certain populations; haplotype I [1] is the dominant type among North Cypriot thalassemia patients. Numerous types were seen in the patients from the Balkan countries. A direct relationship between the Aγ to Gγ ratios and the haplotypes, which exists among black β‐thalassemia heterozygotes [3], was also observed among these Mediterranean patients, although such analyses were considerably complicated by extensive blood transfusion therapy. Haplotypes without the Hinc II restriction site within the Ψβ gene were associated with lower Gγ values than those that had this polymorphic site. The AγT chain was observed in a small number of β‐thalassemia homozygotes and heterozygotes. Three thalassemia chromosomes with slightly different haplotypes and one normal chromosome with a related haplotype were associated with the γ 75 Ile→Thr substitution. A few patients with a thalassemia intermedia were heterozygotes for β‐thalassemia with either haplotypes V or VII [1] while the “nonthalassemic” chromosome had a haplotype I, which is the most common “ β‐thalassemic” haplotype among the Mediterranean population(s). Detailed analyses of this chromosome have not been completed.
Liver involvement in multiple myeloma
Authors: Perez‐Soler R. , Esteban R. , Allende E. , Saloma C. Tornos , Julia A. , Guardia J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred twenty‐eight records of patients with multiple myeloma were reviewed to assess the incidence and manifestations of liver involvement. Histologic study of the liver was available in 21 patients. Diffuse infiltration of the liver by plasma cells was observed in 10 patients, myeloid metaplasia in four, amyloidosis in two, toxic hepatitis in two, and extrahepatic cholestasis secondary to infiltration of the peripancreatic tissue by plasma cells in one. The clinical signs of plasma cell infiltration of the liver consisted of hepatomegaly in seven patients, mild elevation of liver enzymes in five, and portal hypertension in two. Jaundice was only observed in patients with hepatitis or extrahepatic cholestasis. Liver infiltration by plasma cells did not appear to have a major prognostic significance.
Immunofluorescent plasma cell labeling indices (LI) using a monoclonal antibody (BU‐1)
Authors: Greipp Philip R. , Witzig Thomas E. , Gonchoroff Nick J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTritiated thymidine labeling indices (LI), although useful in diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma, have not found wide‐spread application because autoradiographic analysis is diffucult and time consuming. Using a monoclonal antibody (BU‐1) reactive with 5‐bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine (BrdUrd), we have developed an immuno‐fluorescent procedure that allows DNA S‐phase measurements to be determined in 4 hr. Plasma cells are easily identified by reactivity with a fluorescein isothiocya‐nate‐conjugated antihuman immunoglobulin, and cells in DNA S phase are detected via BU‐1 and a rhodamine‐conjugated antimouse immunoglobulin. Results using this method on 12 patients with multiple myeloma compare favorably (correlation coefficient 0.84), with those obtained by tritiated thymidine. This immunofluorescent slide method will facilitate application of labeling indices as a clinical test to measure disease activity in patients with multiple myeloma and other hematologic neoplasms.
Abnormal erythrocyte fragmentation and membrane deformability in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Smith Brian D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHemolysis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is considered to be a result of an intrinsic membrane defect. This defect may result in abnormal material properties of PNH erythrocytes. To examine this hypothesis, fragmentation failure, and membrane deformability were assessed in the absence of complement by micropipette techniques. Membrane viscosity was determined by observing relaxation of deformed cells. Results show a bimodal distribution of force for membrane failure, membrane viscoelasticity, and elastic shear modulus. One population requires significantly less force for fragmentation, mean 0.56 × 10−6 dyne; has increased membrane viscosity, mean 0.205 × 10−2 dyne sec/cm; and has decreased elastic shear modulus, mean 0.56 × 10−2 dyne/cm. A second population resembles control with fragmentation force, mean 1.19 × 10−6 dyne, control 1.05 × 10−6 dyne; membrane viscosity, mean 0.112 × 10−2 dyne/cm, control 0.102 × 10−2 dyne sec/cm; elastic shear modulus, mean 0.70 × 10−2 dyne/cm, control 0.78 × 10−2 dyne/cm. The percent of cells with abnormal material properties corresponds to the percent of PNH III cells determined by complement lysis. Thus, the hemolysis attributed to an abnormal clone of erythrocytes in PNH is associated with an intrinsic membrane abnormality which predisposes to lysis.
Beta2 microglobulin in multiple myeloma
Authors: Alexanian Raymond , Barlogie Bart , Fritsche Herbert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum beta2 microglobulin levels (B2M) were evaluated before and during chemotherapy in 97 previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. Pretreatment values were useful in confirming tumor mass grade, and marked reductions following chemotherapy correlated well with the onset of remission. No gain was evident from correcting the B2M for the level of serum creatinine. A pretreatment B2M value greater than 6 mg/L correlated with a low response rate and was the most important variable that predicted a short survival time.
Erythrophagocytosis in vivo in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Solanki Dilip L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent observations that the sickle RBC are excessively susceptible to phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro prompted me to look for evidence of in vivo erythrophagocytosis (Ep) in patients with sickle cell anemia (SS). Freshly prepared smears of unmanipulated blood of 27 patients with SS in steady state were examined for Ep by a 500‐cell differential white blood cell (WBC) count performed in duplicate. Ten of 27 (37%) SS patients showed Ep (1–6/1,000 WBC or 1–10/100 monocytes). By contrast, no Ep was found in similarly prepared blood smears of 25 normal adult controls and nine splenectomized subjects. The mean hemotocrit value of the Ep(+) SS patients was significantly lower than that of the Ep(−) patients (21.0 ± 1.7% vs 24.0 ± 2.7% p < 0.01). Considering the rarity of spontaneous Ep in unmanipulated blood from normal subjects and the relative insensitivity of the method used, the finding of Ep in over one third of SS patients indicates a significant membrane injury of the sickle RBC and serves to validate the in vitro observations. The possible role of the “senescence” mechanism in the induction of Ep is discussed.