bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurotoxic effects of organic solvents in exposed workers: Two controlled follow‐up studies after 5.5 and 10.6 years
Authors: Gregersen Per 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe findings of acute and/or chronic central and peripheral neurotoxic effects of organic solvents in workers from a previous controlled cross‐sectional study (65 exposed and 33 unexposed) were re‐assessed to ascertain whether the neurotoxic symptoms and signs had become chronic. These follow‐ups were performed 5.5 years later by occupational medical and clinical neurological examination (59 exposed and 30 unexposed) and again 10.6 years later by a mailed questionnaire (53 exposed and 30 unexposed).Both follow‐ups revealed more acute neurotoxic symptoms in the exposed workers than in the unexposed workers, but fewer than previously, and indeed, the current exposure to solvents had been reduced. However, at both follow‐ups, the exposed workers showed significantly more symptoms of chronic encephalopathy, in particular, memory and concentration impairment. These latter symptoms had also significantly worsened in the workers who were still being exposed, while they were presently unchanged in the previously exposed workers who had been free of exposure for 6.6 years at the latter follow‐up. On the other hand, symptoms of chronic encephalopathy had not appeared in the unexposed group.Among workers, both still and previously exposed, there were also social consequences in the form of occupational disqualification.According to the findings, long‐term occupational exposure to organic solvents in concentrations that are not unusual at workplaces may lead to development of chronic neurotoxic symptoms.
Distribution of lost‐work‐time claims for skin disease in California agriculture: 1978–1983
Authors: O'Malley Michael A. , Mathias C. G. Toby 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn order to identify California agricultural workers at high risk for occupational skin disease, we evaluated the distribution of 2,722 claims for lost‐work‐time skin conditions reported between 1978 and 1983 by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and source of illness. In the overall work force, cases were most frequently attributed to plants (52.1%), chemical exposures (20.4%), and food products (12.5%), but considerable variation occurred in the distribution of cases among the subdivisions of agriculture. The forestry subdivisions (SICs 081, 082, 084, and 085) had the highest rate (given as cases/10,000 employed) of claims for skin disease attributed to plants (53.5), but no cases due to other exposures. For chemical exposures, the highest rate of claims occurred in the horticultural specialties (SIC 018) subdivison (5.1), but this group also had a significant claims rate for plant‐related skin disease (15.9). The highest claims rate for cases attributed to food products occurred in the vegetables/melons subdivision (4.7), but this group had claims rates for exposure to plants (3.8) and chemicals (2.8) that were nearly as high. Efforts to evaluate and prevent skin disease in agricultural workers should recognize the complex range of exposures to which this work force is subject.
Potroom asthma: New Zealand experience and follow‐up
Authors: O'Donnell T. V. , Welford B. , Coleman E. D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOccupational asthma related to work in potlines in an aluminum smelter has been diagnosed on clinical criteria in 57 workers. About half were regular tobacco smokers but atopy was uncommon. There was a wide range in the time for which each had been employed prior to development of symptoms, but the average was about 20 months. Thirty‐four showed nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity to methacholine. At annual reviews over a period of 5 years following transfer to other work at the smelter, the majority improved in symptoms in 1–2 years and bronchial hyperreactivity returned to normal. However, over the subsequent 3 years, deterioration, not limited to tobacco smokers or atopic subjects, has occurred in some subjects.
Deaths and tumors among workers grinding stainless steel
Authors: Svensson B. G. , Englander V. , Åkesson B. , Attewell R. , Skerfving S. , Ericson Å. , Möller T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study examined a cohort of 1,164 males who, during the period 1927–1981, had been employed for 3 months or more in an industry that produced objects from stainless steel.These workers were exposed to the dust of grinding materials, grinding agents, and stainless steel. From 1975 to 1980, measurements of the total dust in the workroom air have shown levels of about one mg/m3 (consisting of chromium at about 0.1 mg/m3 and nickel at about 0.05 mg/m3) during grinding and several mg/m3 (chromium at about 0.01 mg/m3 and nickel at about 0.005 mg/m3) during polishing. Before 1950, the concentrations were probably considerably higher.Compared to a local reference population, a decrease in mortality (63 observed deaths, standardized mortality (SMR) = 0.79, 95% confidence limits CL = 0.61, 1.01) took place during the 1951–1983 observation period among 318 subjects who had been employed for at least five years, allowing a latency period of at least 20 years. Mortality from cancer of the colon/rectum increased (observed deaths = 6, SMR = 2.47, CL = 0.97, 5.58). The mortality from nonmalignant pulmonary disease did not increase (SMR = 0.29, CL = 0.01, 1.81).During the observation period (1958–1983), there was no significant overall excess of tumors (observed cases = 33, standardized morbidity [SMR] = 1.09, CL = 0.76, 1.54). However, tumor morbidity of the colon/rectum (observed 11, SMR = 2.83, CL = 1.47, 5.19) significantly increased. There were no cases of respiratory cancer (expected 4.7, CL = 0, 0.21).Thus, the results indicate an increased risk of intestinal cancer. This is in accordance with earlier observations of grinding material producers and polishers. It is impossible to conclude whether the cause is grinding material, grinding agents, stainless steel, or some other factor. The results do not indicate that dust from stainless steel induces lung cancer.
Some trends in worker access to health care in the United States (1974–1983)
Authors: Pedersen David H. , Sieber W. Karl 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAs a result of national surveys of occupational health and safety conditions in the American workplace, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has collected data on the provision of health care to workers as a consequence of their employment. Two of these surveys, initiated in 1972 and 1981, permit a preliminary examination of the trends in worker access to such care.This paper presents data on the provision of some aspects of medical care to workers in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing facilities as a result of employment. Among the principal findings are increases in general health care provided to workers, increased use of off‐site physicians, and increased use of screening examinations or tests. Other analyses indicate a decreased use of on‐site physicians and pre‐employment examinations and decreased industrial retention of health information on new employees.
Polymorphisms in the serotonin receptor gene HTR2A are associated with quantitative traits in panic disorder
Authors: Unschuld Paul G. , Ising Marcus , Erhardt Angelika , Lucae Susanne , Kloiber Stefan , Kohli Martin , Salyakina Daria , Welt Tobias , Kern Nikola , Lieb Roselind , Uhr Manfred , Binder Elisabeth B. , Müller‐Myhsok Bertram , Holsboer Florian , Keck Martin E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAnxiety disorders and specifically panic disorder (PD) are caused by complex interactions of environmental and genetic factors. The latter comprise many different genes, from which those involved in serotonergic neurotransmission have received particular attention. Here we report the results from an association candidate‐gene approach, where we analyzed 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the gene coding for the serotonin‐receptor 2A (HTR2A) in patients suffering from PD and a control sample. We found that the SNP rs2296972 shows an association between the number of T‐alleles and severity of symptoms in PD. By performing tests according to the Fisher product method (FPM), an association between HTR2A and the personality trait reward dependence could be shown. Most pronounced effects were observable for the SNPs rs2770304, rs6313, and rs6311. Furthermore, the polymorphisms rs3742278, rs2296972, and rs2770292 form a haplotype, which may be associated with higher susceptibility for PD. These results further underline a possible important role of genetic variations within the system controlling serotonergic neurotransmission for the development and course of disease in PD. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lack of mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and 3 genes in a Taiwanese (ethnic Chinese) cohort of familial and early‐onset parkinsonism
Authors: Lin Chin‐Hsien , Hwu Wuh‐Liang , Chiang Shu‐Chuan , Tai Chun‐Hwei , Wu Ruey‐Meei 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRecent reports suggest that CAG triplet expansions of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and 3 (SCA2 and SCA3) genes are the cause of typical levodopa‐responsive Parkinson's disease (PD) in familial cases, several of which were ethnic Chinese. To investigate the role of SCA2 and SCA3 mutations in Chinese familial and early‐onset PD patients, we analyzed CAG triplet repeat expansions of SCA2 and SCA3 genes in a cohort of 73 Taiwanese/Ethnic Chinese familial and early‐onset PD patients [mean age at onset 42.70 ± 7.17 years (mean ± SD)]. Thirteen of them (17.8%) had positive family history. All patients received comprehensive clinical evaluation including a thorough neurological examination, laboratory tests, and neuroimaging studies to exclude secondary causes and atypical parkinsonism. The CAG repeat length in these genes was determined using polymerase chain reaction polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. SCA2 gene CAG repeats ranged from 15 to 26 repeats with a median of 20, and SCA3 gene CAG repeats ranged from 15 to 40 with a median of 15. No long pathogenic repeats were found in either SCA2 or SCA3, although borderline CAG repeat number was detected in the SCA3 gene of four patients. Thus, mutations of SCA2 or SCA3 did not play a major role in familial or early‐onset PD in our study cohort. PD patients without autosomal dominant family history or obvious cerebellar ataxia should not be candidates for routine screening of SCA2 or SCA3 mutations for cost‐effectiveness. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in sibling pairs concordant for obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Chacon Priscila , Rosario‐Campos Maria Conceição , Pauls David L. , Hounie Ana Gabriela , Curi Mariana , Akkerman Fernando , Shimabokuro Fabiana Harumi , de Mathis Maria Alice , Lopes Antonio Carlos , Hasler Gregor , Miguel Euripedes Constantino 
Published: April 2007

AbstractObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology. Phenotypic studies of affected sib‐pairs (SPs) may help to characterize familial components of the phenotype. To determine whether SPs affected with OCD are similar in age at onset of obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS), symptom dimensions and presence of tic disorders (TDs). Forty OCD siblings ranging from 13 to 59 years old were evaluated by expert psychiatrists or psychologists. Families with two or more siblings affected with OCD were recruited from several OCD clinics in Brazil. The Yale Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Checklist was used to assess OCS and the severity of OCD. The OCD diagnoses were made according to the DSM‐IV. The chi‐square test was used to assess concordance of TD presence within SPs based on the TD frequency reported in the literature (30%). There were significantly more siblings with early‐onset OCS than with late‐onset OCS (P = 0.002). Age at onset of OCS correlated positively and significantly between the two members of each SP (P = 0.005). Fourteen patients (35%) were diagnosed with TDs. There was no concordance of the TD presence within the SPs. When both were male, there was a significant sibling correlation in the contamination obsessions/cleaning compulsions dimension (ICC = 0.74; P = 0.002). Similarly, when both siblings were female, they were comparable in the hoarding obsessions/compulsions dimension (ICC = 0.76; P = 0.01). Familial factors seem to contribute to specific OCD phenotypic components such as age at onset of OCS and specific dimensions. The obvious influence of gender is as yet unexplained. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and age at onset of schizophrenia
Authors: Magri Chiara , Gardella Rita , Barlati Stefano Davide , Valsecchi Paolo , Sacchetti Emilio , Barlati Sergio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA number of studies support a possible link between mitochondrial dysfunction and schizophrenia. To test the hypothesis of a direct contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mt‐DNA) in susceptibility to DSM‐IV‐TR‐schizophrenia, we looked for differences in the frequency distribution of the major European haplogroups (hgs) in 142 patients and 190 controls both of Italian origin. A subgroup of patients (N = 37) and healthy counterparts (N = 41) was also analyzed for possible differences in the relative amount of mt‐DNA versus nuclear‐DNA in blood cells. Patients and controls were comparable for hg frequency distribution and the relative levels of mt‐DNA even after stratification by gender and schizophrenia subtype. However, patients harboring the hg J‐T showed an anticipated onset of the disorder. These results indicate that the J‐T hg of mt‐DNA may have a modulator effect on deeper determinants of schizophrenia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Superovulatory response to a low dose single‐daily treatment of rhFSH dissolved in polyvinylpyrrolidone in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Yang Shihua , He Xiechao , Hildebrandt Thomas B. , Zhou Qi , Ji Weizhi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTo simplify the procedure for superovulation in the rhesus monkey, this study was designed using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution as a solvent for gonadotropins. Thirty‐five cycling females (aged 5–8 years old) were divided into six groups during the breeding season (November– February). The groups were as follows: Group I, animals received twice‐daily 35 IU recombinant human follicle‐stimulating hormone (rhFSH) dissolved in 0.5 ml saline for 8 days as the control; Groups II and III, animals received single‐daily 35 IU and 17 IU rhFSH in 0.5 saline, respectively, for 9 days; Groups IV, V and VI, received single‐daily injection of 35 IU rhFSH, 17 IU rhFSH and 8.5 IU rhFSH dissolved in 0.5 ml 30% PVP (w/v) solution, respectively, for 9 days. After human chorionic gonadotropin was administered to induce the nuclear maturation of oocytes, oocytes were retrieved and the development competence of recovered oocytes treated with in vitro fertilization were observed. The plasma concentrations of follicle‐stimulating hormone and ovarian responses were monitored during the treatment. The results showed that the number of recovered oocytes and the in vitro developmental competence of mature oocytes was equivalent among monkeys when treated with a single‐daily treatment of 17 and 35 IU rhFSH with PVP preparation in Groups IV and V compared with the twice‐daily 35 IU rhFSH treatments received by Group I. However, almost all animals in Groups II, III and VI responded poorly to corresponding stimulations. These findings indicate that a single‐daily low dose of rhFSH dissolved in PVP solution can induce the satisfactory ovarian responses in rhesus monkeys. This has the potential to reduce treatment distress, stress to the animals, the labor of the operator as well as the amount of rhFSH used in ovarian stimulation, compared with traditional superovulation methods. Am. J. Primatol. 69:1278–1284, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphological Aspects of Gonadal Morphogenesis in Bufo bufo (Amphibia anura): Bidder's Organ Differentiation
Authors: Falconi Rosanna , Dalpiaz Davide , Zaccanti Francesco 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe have described the architecture of Bidder's organ, defined its compartmented structure, and affirmed the presence of basal laminae. We did not find morphological differences between sexes in Bidder's organ. All specimens initially developed gonads with a peripheral fertile layer surrounding a thin primary cavity. The first oogenetic wave was observed early, showing all phases of meiosis, including leptotene, zygotene, and pachytene, which had been previously thought to be lacking. The peculiar presence of an asynchronous germ cell nest was discussed. Diplotene oocytes issued from the peripheral layer and migrated inside the primary cavity. They were surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells, which originated from the peripheral layer somatic cells and were delimited by a basal lamina. There were few medulla or central layer cells. At the end of metamorphosis, while the oocytes of the first oogenetic wave came into close contact with blood vessels, a second oogenetic wave took place just as the first, except for the presence of synchronous germ cell nests. The central layer was not visible and we did not observe the formation of an ovarian pocket. Stocks of stem germ cells remained in the peripheral layer during both the first and second oogenetic waves. The asymmetric model, in which there is a tendency toward a primary female differentiation, was confirmed. The female differentiation becomes stable in the Bidder's organ because of the absence of further interaction between germ and medullary somatic cells, which would have led toward a male differentiation. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High preoperative prevalence of deep venous thrombosis in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Stender M T , Nielsen T S H , Frøkjær J B , Larsen T B , Lundbye-Christensen S , Thorlacius-Ussing O 
Published: April 2007

Abstract

Background
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a major complication of cancer and a predictor of reduced survival. The postoperative prevalence of DVT in colorectal cancer surgery is high, but the preoperative prevalence is unknown. The aim of this observational study was to estimate the preoperative prevalence of DVT in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods
Some 193 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer admitted for intended curative surgery were examined with compression ultrasonography for DVT before surgery.

Results
DVT was detected in 15 (7·8 per cent) of the 193 patients, with a prevalence of 16 per cent in women (12 of 76) versus 2·6 per cent in men (three of 117 (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 5·8 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·4 to 23·2)). The risk of DVT was strongly correlated with increasing American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) risk score: adjusted OR 6·8 (95 per cent c.i. 1·6 to 28·7 for ASA group III or IV versus ASA group I or II). Pulmonary embolism was detected in two patients (1·0 per cent).

Conclusion
A high preoperative prevalence of DVT was observed in patients with colorectal cancer, especially among women and patients in ASA groups III and IV.
PKD1 inhibits cancer cells migration and invasion via Wnt signaling pathway in vitro
Authors: Zhang Ke , Ye Chun , Zhou Qin , Zheng Rong , Lv Xiaoyan , Chen Ye , Hu Zhongguo , Guo Hong , Zhang Zheng , Wang Yidong , Tan Ruizhi , Liu Yuhang 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe ∼14 kb mRNA of the polycystic kidney disease gene PKD1 encodes a large (∼460 kDa) protein, termed polycystin‐1 (PC‐1), that is responsible for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The unique organization of its multiple adhesive domains (16 Ig‐like domains/PKD domains) suggests that it may play an important role in cell–cell/cell–matrix interactions. Here we demonstrated that PKD1 promoted cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions in cancer cells, indicating that PC‐1 is involved in the cell adhesion process. Furthermore in this study, we showed that PKD1 inhibited cancer cells migration and invasion. And we also showed that PC‐1 regulated these processes in a process that may be at least partially through the Wnt pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that PKD1 may act as a novel member of the tumor suppressor family of genes Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sodium Cation Migration Above the Diimine π‐System of Solvent Coordinated dpp‐BIAN Sodium Aluminum Complexes (dpp‐BIAN=1,2‐Bis[(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene)
Authors: Schumann Herbert , Hummert Markus , Lukoyanov Anton N. , Fedushkin Igor L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe reactions of the disodium salt of the 1,2‐bis[(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene (dpp‐BIAN) ligand with one equivalent of Me2AlCl in diethyl ether, toluene, and benzene produced the complexes [Na(Et2O)2(dpp‐BIAN)AlMe2] (1), [Na(η6‐C7H8)(dpp‐BIAN)AlMe2] (2) and [Na(η6‐C6H6)(dpp‐BIAN)AlMe2] (3), respectively. Recrystallization of 1 from hexane afforded solvent‐free [{Na(dpp‐BIAN)AlMe2}n] (4) or [Na(Et2O)(dpp‐BIAN)AlMe2] (5) depending on the temperature of the solvent. The molecular structures of 1–5 have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The sodium cation coordinates either one of the naphthalene rings (1) or the diimine part of the dpp‐BIAN ligand (2–5). In the complexes 2 and 3, the sodium cation additionally coordinates the toluene (2) or benzene molecule (3) in an η6‐fashion.
Biallelic germline mutations of mismatch‐repair genes
Authors: Poley Jan‐Werner , Wagner Anja , Hoogmans Monique M. C. P. , Menko Fred H. , Tops Carli , Kros Johan M. , Reddingius Roel E. , Meijers‐Heijboer Hanne , Kuipers Ernst J. , Dinjens Winand N. M. ,   on behalf of the Rotterdam Initiative on Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumors
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Heterozygous defects in mismatch‐repair (MMR) genes cause hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). In this syndrome, tumors typically arise from age 25 years onward. Case reports have shown that homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for MMR gene mutations can cause multiple tumors in childhood, sometimes combined with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1)‐like features. Therefore, the authors studied the role of homozygosity or compound heterozygosity (CZ) for MMR gene defects in children with multiple primary tumors.METHODS.A database that contained all pediatric oncology patients who were seen between 1982 and 2003 at the author's institution was queried to identify patients aged <16 years with more than 1 tumor for whom tissue of at least 1 tumor was available. On isolated DNA, microsatellite instability (MSI) and immunohistochemistry of MMR proteins were assessed.RESULTS.In total, 15 patients with more than 1 tumor were identified. Abnormal test results were obtained in 2 of them, including 1 patient who was diagnosed at age 4 years with a glioblastoma (MSI‐stable; no human mutL homolog 1 [MLH1] or postmeiotic segregation increased, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 [PMS2] expression) and a Wilms tumor (high MSI; no MLH1 or PMS2 expression). Apart from >6 cafe‐au‐lait spots, he had no other signs of NF1. The patient had CZ identified for a pathogenic MLH1 mutation (593delAG frameshift) and an unclassified MLH1 variant (Met35Asn). There was strong evidence that this unclassified variant was a pathogenic mutation. The second patient was diagnosed with a non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (no tissue available) and an anaplastic oligodendroglioma (low MSI; no MSH6 expression) at age 4 years and 6 years, respectively. His brother had died of a medulloblastoma at age 6 years (low MSI, no MSH6 expression). Both boys had cafe‐au‐lait spots. Further genetic testing was not possible.CONCLUSIONS.Carriage of biallelic MMR gene defects can be associated with multiple malignancies in childhood that may differ from the standard spectrum of HNPCC tumor types. In 15 pediatric patients with multiple malignancies, the authors identified 1 clear case and 1 possible case of biallelic MMR gene defect. Recognition of the inherited nature of the tumors in these patients is important for counseling these patients and their families. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.