bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
المؤسسات المعلوماتية ودورها في بناء السياسات الوطنية للمعلومات
Authors: ابوبكر المنصوري د. عزة 
Published: March 2024

تأتي هذه الدراسة في إطار الاهتمام بالدور الذي يجب أن تؤديه المؤسسات المعلوماتية والقائمون عليها في بناء السياسة الوطنية للمعلومات، حيث نسعى من خلال هذه الدراسة تسليط الضوء على أهمية إشراكها والقائمين عليها في بناء السياسات المعلوماتية الوطنية لما لهما من دراية وقدرة على تعزيز المفاهيم المرتبطة بالمعلومات، ومجالات استخدامها والتحكم بها. فالمؤسسات المعلوماتية هي المعنية بالحصول على المعلومات وتوظيفها والتحكم بها وبثها بالدرجة الأولى، هذا إلى جانب قدرتهم على تحديد وفهم السلوك المعلوماتي لأفراد المجتمع، وتحديد نقاط القوة والضعف في البناء المعلوماتي للدولة.
غير أن واقع الحال يظهر استبعاد هذه الشريحة وتغيب دورها بشكل جزئي وفي أغلب الأحيان يكون التغيب كليا. ويظهر البحث المبدئي أن الوضع الراهن بالدولة الليبية غير مشجع فيما يتعلق بسياساتها الوطنية مع ما تمر به من تخبط وفوضى على الصعيد السياسي والاقتصادي والذي القى بظلاله على الجانب المعلوماتي بالدولة.
وللوقوف على استقرائيات الموضوع وتحديد الوضع الراهن للسياسة المعلوماتية بالدولة الليبية تم اعتماد منهج دلفي لاستقراء آراء عشريون خبيرا من خبراء المعلومات، ممن لهم خبرة علمية وعملية لا تقل عن 20 عاما في مجال الخدمة المعلوماتي، وذلك لأجل الإجابة على التساؤل الرئيسي الذي تطرحه الدراسة والمتمثل في:

هل للمؤسسات المعلوماتية دور في رسم السياسة المعلوماتية الوطنية في الدولة الليبية؟ ويتفرع عنه مجموعة من التساؤلات المتمثلة في:
ما الذي يمكن أن يضيفه أخصائي المعلومات للسياسة المعلوماتية؟
ما المعوقات التي تحول دون إشراك المؤسسات المعلوماتية في صناعة السياسة المعلوماتية؟
ما الرؤي التي تتطلع لها المؤسسات المعلوماتية؟

وبناء على ما مضى توصلت الدراسة لجملة من النتائج والتوصيات يأتي في مقدمتها ضرورة إسهام المكتبيين وأخصائي المعلومات في وضع السياسة الوطنية للمعلومات.
sTREM-1 as promising prognostic biomarker for acute-on-chronic liver failure and mortality in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis
Authors: Yu Song-Man , Li Hai , Deng Guo-Hong , Wang Xian-Bo , Zheng Xin , Chen Jin-Jun , Meng Zhong-Ji , Zheng Yu-Bao , Gao Yan-Hang , Qian Zhi-Ping , Liu Feng , Lu Xiao-Bo , Shi Yu , Shang Jia , Chen Ruo-Chan , Huang Yan 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis is associated with high short-term mortality, mainly due to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Thus, there is a need for biomarkers for early and accurate identification of AD patients with high risk of development of ACLF and mortality. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) is released from activated innate immune cells and correlated with various inflammatory processes.
AIM
To explore the prognostic value of sTREM-1 in patients with AD of cirrhosis.
METHODS
A multicenter prospective cohort of 442 patients with cirrhosis hospitalized for AD was divided into a study cohort (n = 309) and validation cohort (n = 133). Demographic and clinical data were collected, and serum sTREM-1 was measured at admission. All enrolled patients were followed-up for at least 1 year.
RESULTS
In patients with AD and cirrhosis, serum sTREM-1 was an independent prognosis predictor for 1-year survival and correlated with liver, coagulation, cerebral and kidney failure. A new prognostic model of AD (P-AD) incorporating sTREM-1, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total bilirubin (TBil), international normalized ratio (INR) and hepatic encephalopathy grades was established and performed better than the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), MELD-sodium (MELD-Na), chronic liver failure-consortium (CLIF-C) ACLF and CLIF-C AD scores. Additionally, sTREM-1 was increased in ACLF and predicted the development of ACLF during first 28-d follow-up. The ACLF risk score incorporating serum sTREM-1, BUN, INR, TBil and aspartate aminotransferase levels was established and significantly superior to MELD, MELD-Na, CLIF-C ACLF, CLIF-C AD and P-AD in predicting risk of ACLF development.
CONCLUSION
Serum sTREM-1 is a promising prognostic biomarker for ACLF development and mortality in patients with AD of cirrhosis.
Representasi Perilaku Body Shaming Perempuan Dalam Film Pendek Dunia Sempit
Authors: Anggelina Marissa , Maryam Siti 
Published: March 2024

Fenomena yang masih sering terjadi ditengah masyarakat adalah maraknya prilaku body shaming. Prilaku body shaming adalah bentuk tindakan untuk mengkritik serta menghina bentuk fisik seseorang. Film adalah salah satu representasi dalam dunia nyata. Salah satu film yang mengangkat isu mengenai body shaming adalah film pendek Dunia Sempit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas representasi prilaku dalam Body Shaming dalam film pendek Dunia Sempit dengan menggunakan analisis semiotika pendekatan dari Roland Barthes. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik penelitian ini menggunakan data berupa film sehingga teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan menonton secara keseleruhan film pendek Dunia Sempit untuk memperoleh gambaran umum tentang film pendek tersebut, kemudian mengamati setiap adegan-adegan yang terdapat dalam film pendek dunia sempit, memilih adegan-adegan yang merepresentasikan bagaimana perilaku body shaming untuk dianalisis dalam penelitian, memasukkan data berupa potongan-potongan scene atau screenshoot gambar yang menunjukkan Representasi Prilaku Body Shaming, dan menganalisis atau mengkaji data mengunakan Semiotika Roland Barthes. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prilaku body shaming dalam film pendek Dunia Sempit ini lebih menonjolkan bahwa perempuan lebih banyak mendapatkan prilaku body shaming dan hasil dalam penenlitian ini juga mendapatkan cara bagaimana prilaku body shaming yang terjadi terhadap korban.
Implementation Dynamics of Passport Service Policy for Dual Nationality Child Subjects in Indonesia
Authors: Edwinarta Caesar Demas , Dwijayanti Rizkya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article is a study of the implementation of passport service policies for children with dual citizenship in Indonesia. The implementation of this policy is the implementation of Permenkumham Number 18 of 2022, one of the points of which regulates the application of passport validity periods for children with dual citizenship. Regulations regarding the validity period of passports for children with dual citizenship are a form of policy that is in direct contact with Government Regulation Number 21 of 2022, although in its application to passport services at the Immigration Office, sometimes there is still no continuity between the two regulations. This then results in an analysis of the implementation of the passport service policy for children with dual citizenship which boils down to 3 decisions, namely first, namely providing a passport with a validity period up to the age limit for choosing the nationality of the passport applicant, postponing the passport application until the passport applicant completes the process of filing his/her citizenship selection, or refusing passport application because the passport applicant cannot complete the documents verifying the validity of his or her citizenship status by the previously determined time limit. The analysis used in this research uses Public Policy theory with the concept of Open Government and Public Policy Implementation in government institutions in Indonesia. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide an overview of the implementation of passport services for children with dual citizenship and provide the best solution for implementing this policy in the future.
Total r-process Yields of Milky Way Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Holmbeck Erika M. , Andrews Jeff J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
While it is now known that the mergers of double neutron star binary systems (NSMs) are copious producers of heavy elements, there remains much speculation about whether they are the sole or even principal site of rapid neutron-capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis, one of the primary ways in which heavy elements are produced. The occurrence rates, delay times, and galactic environments of NSMs hold sway over estimating their total contribution to the elemental abundances in the solar system and the Galaxy. Furthermore, the expected elemental yields of NSMs may depend on the merger parameters themselves—such as their stellar masses and radii—which are not currently considered in many galactic chemical evolution models. Using the characteristics of the observed sample of double neutron star (DNS) systems in the Milky Way as a guide, we predict the expected nucleosynthetic yields that a population of DNSs would produce upon merger, and we compare that nucleosynthetic signature to the heavy-element abundance pattern of solar system elements. We find that with our current models, the present DNS population favors the production of lighter r-process elements, while underproducing the heaviest elements relative to the solar system. This inconsistency could imply an additional site for the heaviest elements or a population of DNSs much different from that observed today.
Innovations de rupture : la France dans la compétition mondiale
Authors: Papon Pierre 
Published: March 2024

Dans un univers économique de plus en plus concurrentiel et face aux progrès fulgurants de certaines technologies (telle l’intelligence artificielle), les capacités de recherche-développement et d’innovation sont devenues des atouts stratégiques dans la compétition internationale. Parmi ces innovations, celles qui sont susceptibles de transformer radicalement un secteur, voire notre quotidien, occupent une place cruciale aux yeux des acteurs économiques. C’est pourquoi La Fabrique de l’industrie a réalisé une étude spécialement consacrée aux « innovations de rupture » et à la place de la France, à l’échelle mondiale, sur ce créneau. Reposant sur des témoignages et une analyse des données de brevets dans 12 domaines technologiques (dont huit en lien avec la transition écologique), l’ouvrage qui en a été tiré, dont Pierre Papon rend compte dans cet article, permet de saisir la dynamique d’innovation du pays, son positionnement technologique et le type d’institutions impliquées (organismes publics, start-ups , grandes entreprises…). Comme le souligne Pierre Papon, dans ces domaines de pointe particulièrement moteurs pour l’avenir, ce sont les pays asiatiques et les États-Unis qui mènent la danse. En Europe, à quelques exceptions près (dont l’Allemagne), la recherche est à la traîne et la France semble en perte de vitesse. L’auteur résume les indicateurs et enseignements livrés par cette enquête, ainsi que les recommandations proposées pour redynamiser la recherche et l’innovation du pays dans ces secteurs stratégiques. S.D.
Les contrôles policiers en Europe
Authors: de Maillard Jacques , Rowe Mike 
Published: March 2024

La question des violences policières, très prégnante dans le débat public aux États-Unis depuis très longtemps, s’est aussi installée dans les débats français et prend une place croissante, sous l’effet de la médiatisation d’incidents majeurs et de l’intervention d’associations ou citoyens pour porter ces problématiques. Parmi les sujets jugés préoccupants en la matière, les contrôles de police — qui sont parfois à l’origine de telles violences — figurent en bonne place ; ils constituent l’objet principal de cet article. S’appuyant sur un projet de recherche européen, Jacques de Maillard et Mike Rowe proposent une analyse des contrôles policiers en Europe, et de la façon dont le débat public et les décideurs politiques s’en emparent. Après un rappel des facteurs ayant conduit à porter la question des contrôles de police sur la place publique, ils examinent l’impact de cette présence accrue dans les débats sur la manière dont ces contrôles sont perçus, et plus ou moins encadrés, dans différents pays (Allemagne, Écosse, Espagne, Autriche, Finlande…) comparativement à la France, notamment en fonction du niveau de confiance prévalant entre la police et la société. Ils montrent ainsi les différentes évolutions qui ont pu se produire dans la pratique des contrôles et les politiques afférentes, en réponse aux questions soulevées dans les débats : modifications « incrémentales », un peu plus poussées voire significatives, versus inertie. Ils soulignent enfin la spécificité de la France où les réformes sont particulièrement difficiles à mettre en place et esquissent trois scénarios d’évolution possible pour le pays. S.D.
Financements européens, conditionnalité et respect des valeurs
Authors: Vieilledent Catherine 
Published: March 2024

Lors du sommet européen de décembre 2023, les États membres de l’Union européenne ont officiellement décidé de poursuivre l’élargissement de l’Union en ouvrant les négociations d’adhésion de l’Ukraine et la Moldavie. Comme lors des précédents élargissements, un certain nombre de conditions relatives au respect des traités de l’Union et de ses valeurs devront être remplies pour faire avancer le processus. Parmi elles, le respect de l’état de droit constitue un préalable. Or, ce préalable essentiel a été, ces dernières années, bousculé au sein même de l’Union, dont certains États membres (Hongrie, Pologne) ont pu remettre en cause des principes relevant de l’état de droit. Mais dans un contexte de vote à l’unanimité, il est très difficile de contraindre ces contrevenants à faire marche arrière, sauf à recourir à l’arme budgétaire. C’est donc par ce biais, par la mise en place d’un nouveau régime de « conditionnalité » des financements que les institutions européennes font pression sur les membres qui ne respectent pas les valeurs fondamentales de l’Union. Catherine Vieilledent présente ici ce régime de conditionnalité : comment il a émergé et a évolué, comment il est (difficilement) appliqué et les conséquences qui en découlent pour les États concernés. Sous une apparence un peu technique, cette question de la conditionnalité renvoie à des enjeux majeurs quant aux valeurs fondatrices de l’Union, dans un contexte où les rapports de forces entre partis démocratiques, versus partis populistes et extrémistes, évoluent plutôt en faveur des seconds. S.D.
L’économie mixte et l’aménagement urbain
Authors: Radouan Sébastien 
Published: March 2024

La SEM départementale SODÉDAT 93 mène de 1974 à 1994 une action significative dans l’aménagement des villes de la Seine-Saint-Denis, qualifié par son directeur, Jean-Pierre Lefebvre, de « laboratoire urbain ». Militant du parti communiste français (PCF) et originaire de Seine-Maritime, ce dernier est proche de Roland Leroy, dirigeant influent de l’organisation politique, qui agit, dans un souci de démocratie, en faveur de son ouverture, en y affirmant le rôle des praticiens et en particulier des artistes. « Don Quichotte » de l’architecture, comme il se raconte dans un livre en guise de bilan Une expérience d’écologie urbaine , Jean-Pierre Lefebvre en appelle en Seine-Saint-Denis à la liberté de création des architectes pour fonder une « nouvelle urbanité» dans ce département, marqué depuis les années 1960 par la construction des grands ensembles et l’urbanisme de dalle. Faisant le bilan de son action, le directeur de la SODÉDAT considère la zone d’aménagement concerté (ZAC) Basilique de Saint-Denis comme « exemplaire par la démarche et le résultat ». Cette ZAC témoigne du rôle à la fois politique et culturel que peut jouer ce type d’organisme au tournant des années 1980 dans les opérations d’urbanisme.
The impact of weekly semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, on kidney outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Algarni Ahmad A. , Alqarni Fahad S. , Shalaby Hanin A. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with kidney complications. This study aims to investigate the effects of weekly subcutaneous semaglutide, a GLP-1 agonist, on kidney outcomes.

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in nephrology and endocrinology clinics at KFAFH from March 2022 to February 2023. The sample size was determined based on hospital records, and randomly selected patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. The inclusion criteria included adults with T2DM who were on weekly subcutaneous semaglutide for 6 months or longer. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, pregnant or gestational diabetes patients, individuals who added other antidiabetic medications during the study period, and participants who refused to be involved were excluded from the study.

Results:
The study included participants aged between 42 and 85 years, with a mean age of 65.38 years, and the majority (58.7%) were males. There was a significant weight and BMI reduction observed in all patients, with P values <0.001 for both. The average weight reduction was 2.97 kg (SD = 2.34, 95% CI 1.65–3.30), and the average Body (BMI) reduction was 1.16 (SD = 0.91, 95% CI 1.03–1.29). A vast majority of participants (98.5%) reported a weight loss of at least 1 kg, and 13.8% of participants experienced a change in BMI category from higher to lower. No patients reported an increase in the BMI category. There was a significant reduction in glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements from 9.18 pretreatment to 8.13 posttreatment, with an average reduction of 1.05 units (SD = 1.84, 95% CI 0.79–1.31). The majority of participants (70.9%) reported a reduction in HbA1c of at least 0.1 unit. Although there was a slight decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values on average (1.35 units), the change was not statistically significant (P = 0.059). More than half of the participants (51.5%) reported an increase in eGFR, 45.4% reported a decrease, and 3.1% reported no change. There was a statistically significant reduction in urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) values from a median of 5.97 pretreatment to a median of 5.60 post-treatment. The median decrease was 0.72 units, with one-third (33.3%) reporting an increase and two-thirds (66.7%) reporting a decrease in values. The correlation analysis revealed no significant association between the total quantity of semaglutide taken and the magnitude of changes.

Conclusion:
Our study on the impact of weekly semaglutide in adults with T2DM reveals positive effects on kidney outcomes, including weight loss, glycemic control and improved urine albumin creatine ratio, and a reduced risk of nephropathy. These findings highlight the potential of semaglutide as a safe and effective treatment option for improving renal health in individuals with T2DM.
A comparison between effects of sudoku and mandala painting on anxiety of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Cheraghi Parvaneh , Hekmatpour Davood , Rafiei Fatemeh , Ansari Jamshid 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Once diagnosed with breast cancer, many women may experience psychological complications, such as anxiety. The grueling treatments that such patients may undergo, for example, chemotherapy, not only cause specific complications for them but also increase their anxiety level. A technique to manage these psychological consequences in patients with breast cancer is to play Sudoku or do Mandala painting.

Purpose:
This study aimed to compare the effects of Sudoku and Mandala painting on the anxiety level of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Methodology:
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 patients with breast cancer in Arak, Iran. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected through purposive sampling, and then they were assigned to one of the Mandala painting or Sudoku groups using block randomization. The data were collected using a demographics form and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All participants in both groups completed the research questionnaires before the intervention. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS-26.

Results:
The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test anxiety scores in both Sudoku and Mandala painting groups (P = 0.0001). The difference between the pre-test and post-test mean anxiety scores was 6.09 ± 4.02 in the Sudoku group and 48.93 ± 13.8 in the Mandala painting group. The results of the inter-group comparison also showed a significant difference between the two groups in post-test mean anxiety score (P = 0.0001), proving that Mandala painting was more effective in reducing the anxiety of patients.

Conclusion:
Mandala painting was more effective than Sudoku in reducing the anxiety level of patients with breast cancer. It can be hence concluded that Mandala painting can be used as a relaxing art therapy technique in these patients.
Quality of maternal and newborn health services and their impact on maternal–neonatal outcome at a primary health center
Authors: Vyas Himanshu , Mariam Odayjakkal J. , Bhardwaj Pankaj 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The utilization of the maternal and newborn health services has increased, but mere increase in utilization of services does not ensure that quality services are being provided. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of maternal and newborn services and their impact on maternal and neonatal outcome at a primary health center of Western Rajasthan in India.

Materials and Methods:
An exploratory study was undertaken at a conveniently selected primary health center providing 24-hour delivery services. Information regarding the availability of services was collected from the available medical officer in charge using an Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) Proforma. Assessment of quality of services was performed by using WHO standards of care based on assessment of quality of maternal and newborn services tool by the perspectives of the provider as well as the mothers utilizing the services. 36 mothers who delivered at the selected PHC were interviewed.

Results:
All basic obstetric care services were available at the selected primary health centers including the 24 × 7 delivery services. The assessment of quality by provider’s perspective revealed that the system of referral could be improved. Quality of maternal and newborn services assessment revealed that the practice of skin to skin contact between the mother and newborn just after the delivery was not being followed and few (30%) mothers informed that they could not start breastfeeding within 1 hours of birth. 47% mothers reported that they were not given the freedom to ask questions during delivery. Maternal and newborn outcome revealed that all mothers (100%) had a normal vaginal delivery, and 22% mothers had an episiotomy. All (100%) newborns cried immediately after birth, and average birthweight was 2.89 kg.

Conclusion:
PHCs are the first point of contact of mothers and healthcare delivery system. Assessment of quality of services is an important tool for quality assurance. Inclusion of evidence-based practices like skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breastfeeding is important to improve the maternal and newborn well-being.