bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Destructive, Nonclassical “Beating” of Acoustic Waves and Electric Field Generation in Lased Heart Muscle
Authors: Ward H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIncreased use of the laser in heart research warranted examination of the physical effects of the laser on the heart muscle. Laser action on the heart muscle was found to induce nonclassical (nonlinear) properties in the muscle such as low‐frequency harmonics of acoustic transients. This “beating” effect resulted in a destructive thermal‐wave propagation within the tissue. The nonlinear effects found in lased heart muscle had not been previously observed and occurred at laser intensities two or three orders of magnitude lower than those which occur in nonbiological media. One possible explanation of this nonlinear behavior at lower intensities was the finding that the laser induced an electric field in heart muscle which interfered with cell‐membrane resting potential, and conduction. Temperatures above 300°C were recorded. These are very high, considering that cells are 80–90% water, and that the boiling point of water is 100°C. The laser crater profile exhibited a two‐stage effect which was atypical according to conventional thermal theory. Electron micrographs demonstrated an unexpected capillary growth which had occurred postmortem in the lased heart muscle.
Hematoporphyrin‐Derivative and Photoradiation Therapy of Malignant Tumors
Authors: McCaughan James S. , Guy Jerry T. , Hawley Philip , Hicks William , Inglis William , Laufman Leslie , May Eugene , Nims Thomas A. , Sherman Rand 
Published: March 2007

AbstractKodak projectors with #2418 red Corning filters were used as a light source to treat cutaneous and subcutaneous malignancies in five patients who previously had been given hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD). An argon dye laser system was used to treat malignancies in patients who also were given the HpD. These tumors included 11 melanomas of the eye, three carcinomas of the esophagus, one melanoma of the esophagus, four carcinomas of the lung, three basal cell skin cancers, and one retropharyngeal metastatic oral cancer. Clinical results and technical problems of this therapy are discussed.
Microsurgery of the Fallopian Tube With the Carbon Dioxide Laser: Analysis of 230 Cases With a Two‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Bellina Joseph H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBetween September 1979 and December 1982, 230 cases of tubal reconstructive surgery were followed for 2 years. An analysis of these cases showed 75% to have had more than one procedure performed. There were 91 pregnancies in this group. In the bipolar disease population, 36% achieved an intrauterine pregnancy. Tubal reversal procedure resulted in comparable rates when compared to conventional surgery (71%). The ectopic pregnancy rate was 4.4%, and spontaneous abortion rate was 6.6%.The carbon dioxide laser appears to have a place in the armamentarium of the microsurgeon.
Laser‐Assisted Vas Anastomosis: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Lynne Charles M. , Carter Melvin , Morris James , Dew Douglas , Thomsen Sharon , Thomsen Cathy 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique is described for performing vas anastomoses in experimental animal (rats). A low‐power CO2 laser appears to be effective in welding together the cut ends of the divided vas deferens.
Clinical Experience With CO2 Laser Vaporization of Neoplasm
Authors: Nims Thomas A. , McCaughan James S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe use of the CO2 laser in the treatment of two types of cancer, advanced ovarian carcinoma and tumors of the liver, has proven to be a useful form of adjunctive therapy. It has proven effective in vaporizing ovarian tumors ranging in size from 5 to 20 mm and liver tumors ranging in size from 1 to 4 cm. This modality is preferable to traditional excision‐and‐repair techniques, which are far more traumatic and may result in considerable loss of blood.
Argon and Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment of Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars
Authors: Henderson Darrell L. , Cromwell Terry A. , Mes Louis G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLaser physiology has shown that while wound healing is generally excellent after laser impaction, it nevertheless is delayed. It is thought that this factor may be important in the treatment of hypertrophic and keloid scars. These scars have been treated in a variety of ways with the laser, and the results, which have been good, are reported. A possible explanation of the complex mode of action has been given. It is thought that more work should be undertaken in this field.
CO2 laser conization versus conventional conization: A clinico‐pathologic appraisal
Authors: Meandzija Miodrag (Mile) P. , Locher Gotfried , Jackson Jeff D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo groups of patients recently underwent either laser or conventional conization at the University Women's Hospital in Bern, Switzerland. Of the total 49 patients treated, 25 underwent laser conization and 24 underwent conventional conization. All patients admitted to the study had cytologic, colposcopic, and/or histologic evidence for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or chronic cervicitis resistant to conservative therapy. In the conventionally treated group. conization was performed with surgical scalpel, and hemostasis was achieved by Sturmdorff, Bonney, or Kraus sutures. In the laser‐treated group, conization was performed by using the combination method of Dorsey and Grundsel.Blood loss was minimal in the laser‐coned patients, compared to 119 ml blood loss in the conventionally coned patients.Hospitalization for the laser‐treated group was 5·2 days in contrast to 7·0 days for the conventionally treated group. Postoperative bleeding and discharge were also considerably smaller or did not occur in the laser‐treated group as compared to the conventionally treated group. With postoperative and long‐term follow‐up now under way, initial results indicate that laser conization, in comparison to conventional conization, also provides greater visibility of the squamocolumnar junction and a reduced incidence of cervical strictures.The results of this study suggest that the CO2 laser beam, properly and cautiously applied, is an efficacious surgical modality for the treatment of cervical preneoplastic disease.
Patients' evaluation of argon laser therapy of Port Wine Stain, decorative tattoo, and essential telangiectasia
Authors: Dixon John A. , Rotering Robert H. , Huether Sue E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOne hundred fourteen patients wer studied to assess their perception of the results of argon laser therapy for port wine stains (PWS), tattoos, or essential telangiectasia of legs. At least 1 yr following treatment patients were surveyed using a 30item mail questionnaire. A 91% response rate was achieved.
Influence of Nd:YAG laser power density and coaxial CO2 on the gastric wall
Authors: Joffe S. N. , MacLeod I. A. , Rao S. S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA detailed understanding is required of the effect of Nd: YAG power density and coaxial CO2 on tissue necrosis in both the acute and healing situation. Lesions were produced by varying peak powers at eight increments of 10 W from 40–110 W/sec for a time duration of 1 sec with and without coaxial CO2 on the rabbit (n=16) stomach. Surface areas and careful histological examinations were performed at 2 hr and 4 days. In further experiments, a total incident energy of 60 or 120 J with varying peak powers from 30‐120 W/sec were applied at a 1‐cm distance. The lesion surface area at 1 cm was 21.7 mm2 compared to 12 mm2when the fiber tip was held 2 cm away (p < 0.05). Coaxial CO2 at 1 cm reduced the surface area to 10 mm2 (p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between surface areas and the incidental power (r = 0.86, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the mean surface area of lesions at 2 hr compared to those at 4 days, nor was there a correlation between the increasing peak powers with the constant incident energy. Histological features were those of coagulative necrosis (81 %)‐with minimal ulceration (1.6%) at 2 hr with ulceration increasing to 22% at 4 days. These results have helped in planning a safe and effective Nd:YAG photocoagulation study in patients in order to obtain maximum hemostasis with minimal tissue injury.
Laser surgery for soft tissue purulent diseases
Authors: Chegin Vyacheslav Mikhailovich , Skobelkin Oleg Ksenophontovich , Brekhov Eugeny Ivanovich 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe original techniques of soft‐tissue purulent lesion treatment by means of a continuous‐wave CO2 laser are elaborated. The following laser treatment advantages—minimal tissue damage, prophylaxis of local dissemination of infection, heamostatic and sterilizing effects—have been proved experimentally. Laser utilization in clinical trial (360 cases) made it possible to obtain significantly improved outcomes and marked shortening of treatment.
Innovations. An advanced clinical trial with laser acupuncture anesthesia for minor operations in the oro‐maxillofacial region
Authors: Dds Zhou Yo‐Cheng 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFor the purpose of improving acupuncture and acupressure anesthesia, laser acupuncture as a new type of controlled anesthetic method has been used since 1979.A beam from a 2.8–6 mW helium‐neon laser apparatus (Model CW‐12, Chengdu Thermometer Factory) was delivered and focused to a red spot on the selected skin point of the patient. The laser was used instead of the routine acupuncture and acupressure anesthesia.This paper reports the clinical laser trial of 610 cases (562 cases of difficult exodontia and 48 cases of various minor operations in the oro‐maxillofacial region). The effect of analgesia was satisfactory. No sedatives or analgesics were administered before or during operations.The helium‐neon laser apparatus, selection of laser irradiating acupuncture points, distance, and duration of irradiation and clinical observations are described.
Fundic vagotomy by waveguide CO2 laser: Experimental study of a new technique in dogs
Authors: Bourez Jean , Triboulet Jean‐Pierre , Wahlen Christian , Balester Louis , Lemaire Jean , Herlemont Francois , Scopeliti Joseph , Brunetaud Jean‐Marc 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAnterior lesser curve seromyotomy with posterior truncal vagotomy is an alternative operation to the highly selective vagotomy. After preoperative gastric function testing, four dogs underwent an anterior lesser curve seromyotomy with posterior truncal vagotomy. However, a new prototype hand‐held laser was used to perform the seromyotomy. This laser delivers 20 W and is small, light, and highly maneuverable. Results of the operation indicate that this laser was easy to use and yielded a very effective seromyotomy without complications. Peroperatively, the laser performed simultaneous section and hemostasis. Postoperatively, no significant acid production could be stimulated with either histamine, pentagastrin, or insulin. This operation yields good control of acid production and is faster and easier than the highly selective vagotomy. The hand‐held waveguide CO2laser may further facilitate the ease of this procedure.
The biomedical effects of laser application
Authors: Mester Endre , Mester Andrew F. , Mester Adam 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper briefly reviews the authors' experimental and clinical use of lasers over a 20‐year period, during which laser effects on 15 biological systems were studied. Low‐energy laser radiation was found to have a stimulating effect on cells, and high‐energy radiation had an inhibiting effect. The application of lasers to stimulate wound healing in cases of nonhealing ulcers is recommended.
Argon laser coagulation of blood for the anastomosis of small vessels
Authors: Krueger R. R. , Almquist E. E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique is introduced in which an argon laser coagulates blood to form an adherent sleeve for the anastomosis of small vessels. The argon laser solidifies the blood into a dark tensile substance which supports the site of repair until vascular continuity is achieved. Laser pulses of 0.75 W and 0.5 seconds exposure are used, and damage to the underlying vessel wall is minimal. A histological analysis is performed and the results are examined qualitatively. The technique shows advantages of speed, reduced vascular trauma, and external protection at the site of vascular repair.
The monochromatic green argon laser in the management of macular disorders
Authors: Gazocchi M. , Fattori C.M. , Gratton I. , Simonini F. , Citroni M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors have been using an argon laser photocoagulator equipped with a green filter for about 2% years. Compared to the usual blue‐green argon laser, the advantage of such an instrument is that green radiation is not absorbed to any significant degree by macular pigment. This ensures a selective action on hemo‐globin and pigment epithelium. The green wavelength appears to be extremely useful in the management of macular disorders.The authors report the criteria they follow and the technique they use in the treatment of subretinal neovascular membranes and of macular edema arising from different retinal vascular disorders.
“Hot tip”: Another method of laser vascular recanalization
Authors: Abela George S. , Fenech Albert , Crea Filippo , Conti C. Richard 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study is a preliminary report evaluating the use of laser radiation to heat a metal‐capped fiber for arterial recanalization. The method was compared to the currently used bare‐ended fiber for recanalization of occluded vessels. The model used was a human coronary artery xenograft transplanted in the femoral artery of the dog. At 4 weeks following the transplantation, laser recanalization was attempted using the heated metal probe (“hot tip”) in five arteries and the bare fiber in another five arteries. Results: 1) Angiography demonstrated recanalization in all five arteries treated with the “hot tip” and three of the five arteries treated with the bare fiber. 2) Only one perforation occurred with the “hot tip,” whereas three perforations occurred with the bare fiber. 3) The larger metal cap was capable of creating a wider channel in the occluded arterial segment. Although the trend favored the heated metal cap in terms of recanalization and less perforation than the bare fiber, the total number of experiments were not adequate to demonstrate statistical significance. Microscopic examination of the vessels recanalized by either technique was similar. Characteristic charring at the recanalization site was seen regardless of the technique used. These observations suggest that the effect of direct laser radiation on plaques is predominantly a thermal effect. Although these results would suggest utilization of a metal‐capped fiber for vascular recanalization, more studies need to be done to confirm these preliminary findings.
Retinal effects of the frequency‐doubled (532 nm) YAG laser: Histopathological comparison with argon laser
Authors: Mosier Marjorie A. , Champion Jean , Liaw Lih‐Huei , Berns Michael W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRetinal lesions produced in Dutch Cross rabbits with a frequency‐doubled (532 nm) YAG laser in single pulse mode (30–100 μJ) and in train of uniform pulses (2.6 and 7.5 mJ) underwent histopathological examination by light and electron microscopy. The results were compared to argon laser lesions (11 and 15 mJ) in the same animals. Low‐energy single‐pulse YAG lesions produced separation of the neural retina from the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), while higher energies caused severe disruption of retinal structures with moderate damage to the RPE. A striking and consistent finding of all the single‐pulse lesions was the presence of red blood cells between the RPE and neural layers. The findings appear to support a process of mechanical disruption. In contrast, the lesions produced by a uniform train of pulses showed well‐defined damage to RPE and photoreceptors with no red blood cells between these two layers, no choroidal damage, and relatively little disruption of the inner retina. The typical argon lesion evidenced cellular damage from the RPE through all retinal layers. Leukocytes in the choroid contained “holes” or vacuoles not seen in YAG lesions. Both the uniformly pulsed YAG laser burst and argon laser produced effects consistent with a thermal process. Some differences between argon and YAG burst were observed. The results suggest that there may be a clinical potential for the 532‐nm burst YAG in treating retinopathies.
Preliminary study of the Nd:YAG laser in canine partial nephrectomy
Authors: Benderev Theodore V. , Schaeffer Anthony J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPartial nephrectomy is effective in the treatment of segmental renal disease but hemostasis remains a challenge. In this preliminary investigation the Nd:YAG laser was used alone or as an adjunct to the scalpel in partial nephrectomies to determine if hemostasis could be improved. A technique of 100‐W laser transection with occlusion of the renal artery was effective for partial nephrectomy and achieved complete hemostasis. Conditions of patent renal artery flow or renal cooling were associated with a reduction in necrosis depth with 100‐W laser partial nephrectomies. All techniques were compatible with survival over the 5‐day study period.
Computer analysis of laser dosimetry data: A method of accurate energy density delivery
Authors: Karbaj Antoine N. , Ahigian Gerald T. , Stewart Alan , Edralin Melvin , Abergel R. Patrick , Dwyer Richard M. , Lesavoy Malcolm A. , Uitto Jouni 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn the past, utilization of the laser in medicine has been limited by the lack of accurate quantification of the energies delivered to the tissue. Data obtained in the course of this investigation have demonstrated the relationships which exist between the energy delivered to the tissue and the optical system composed of the fiber and focusing lens. A continuous‐wave multimode Nd:YAG laser (1,064 nm) was used in these experiments. Utilizing the beam scan technique previously described, we recorded over 100 beam profiles at various distances from the handpiece (fiber optic and lens). Computer analysis of our data established the mathematical correlation between the surface area of the irradiated spot and the distance of the handpiece to the target, thus allowing us to predict the surface area of the irradiated spot to any desired distance. By duplicating our methods with his particular optical system, the clinician or any laser user has the capacity to determine the energy delivered to the tissue (J/ cm2) by knowing the power of the laser (watts), the time of exposure (seconds), and the distance of the handpiece to the treatment site (centimeters).
Transvenous ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system by laser irradiation under endoscopic control
Authors: Obelienius V. , Knepa A. , Ambartzumian R. , Markin E. , Koshelev E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report ten successful experiments of transvenous destruction of the His bundle by laser radiation. An endoscope coupled with a special laser catheter was introduced through the jugular vein into the right atrium of dogs. The tip of the laser catheter was positioned in front of A‐V conduction system under visual control using anatomic landmarks. Injection of saline solution coaxial with the laser power‐transmitting fiber was performed before and during laser coagulation. Twenty watts constant wave Nd‐YAG laser operating at 1.06 μm was enough to produce complete A‐V block in approximately 15 sec. The safety of the proposed technique is especially discussed.
Current uses of the laser for fertility‐promoting procedures
Authors: McLaughlin David S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe addition of lasers to the gynecologist's surgical armament has been heralded by some and scoffed at by many. Only through scientific assessment of published data using this new technique is one able to obtain an intelligent perspective of the clinical applicability for the laser in fertility‐promoting procedures. A review of the literature, with stated pregnancy rates, describing the delivery of the carbon dioxide, argon, and Nd:YAG lasers via laparotomy or laparoscopy is presented. It is hoped that as this new surgical modality evolves, additional studies will further define its role in preserving or enhancing reproductive potential.
Carbon dioxide laser treatment of porokeratosis of mibelli
Authors: Groot Donald W. , Johnston Patricia A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPorokeratosis of Mibelli, a disorder of keratinization, has in the past been difficult to treat, especially in its more extensive form. The carbon dioxide laser was used in the treatment of a patient with this disorder. The response was very favorable. Microscopic pathological investigation after treatment revealed no residual evidence of porokeratosis in the areas treated with the carbon dioxide laser. Thus, obliteration of this disease process using the carbon dioxide laser shows potential for future use.
Treatment of cutaneous and deep vascular lesions with the Nd: YAG laser
Authors: Rosenfeld Harold , Sherman Randolph 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study intends to document and evaluate the first compiled experience in the treatment of both cutaneous and deep vascular lesions using the Nd:YAG laser.Thirty‐eight patients were treated over a 5‐year period from 1979 to 1984 using the Nd:YAG laser with FDA approval. Lesions included capillary, cavernous, combined capillary‐cavernous hemangiomas, portwine stains, arteriovenous malformations, lymphangiomas, multiple telangectasias, and one case of Klippel‐Trenaunay‐Webber syndrome. The number of treatments per patient ranged from one to four. Partial or complete resolution of these various lesions, as evidenced by a decrease in size, and/or normalization of pathologic cutaneous changes was noted in a majority of patients.While both the argon and CO2 lasers have been well studied in the treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions, this is the first compiled series reporting results using the Nd:YAG for such problems. The Nd:YAG laser represents an alternative modality in the treatment of cutaneous hemangiomas and introduces an efficacious method in the treatment of cavernous vascular lesions.
Application of photodynamic therapy in plastic surgery
Authors: Gregory Richard O. , Goldman Leon 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy is a technique for administering a sensitizer, hematoporphyrin derivative, which is selectively retained in malignant tissue. This is then activated by light, usually of 630 nm resulting in selective deterioration of the malignant tissue. This technique has been used for detecting and treating a variety of cancers in experimental animals and human beings. In plastic surgery, it has been applied to both basal and squamous cell carcinomas as well as to other skin lesions. Metastatic deposits will also respond to this treatment. Advantages include ease of treatment, sometimes requiring little or no anesthesia, low incidence of reactions, ability to repeat the treatment any number of times, and sparing of normal tissue. Photodynamic therapy has been used as a salvage operation, to clear tissue of suspected or probable remaining malignant disease, and to alleviate the need for a radical operation, allowing a more conservative one. Photodynamic therapy continues to be an investigational tool, and it should be used only as an adjunct to commonly accepted techniques, and then only when needed. Common disadvantages include a severe photosensitivity of the patient for several weeks following administration of the drug as well as inability to treat adequately bulky tumors. New techniques of administration and methods of activation will make this an increasingly common and useful tool in the practice of plastic surgery.