bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature and excitation intensity tuned photoluminescence in Tl4GaIn3S8 layered single crystals
Authors: Goksen K. , Gasanly N. M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPhotoluminescence spectra of Tl4GaIn3S8 layered crystals grown by Bridgman method have been studied in the wavelength region of 500–780 nm and in the temperature range of 26–130 K with extrinsic excitation source (λexc = 532 nm), and at T = 26 K with intrinsic excitation source (λexc = 406 nm). Three emission bands A, B and C centered at 514 nm (2.41 eV), 588 nm (2.11 eV) and 686 nm (1.81 eV), respectively, were observed for extrinsic excitation process. Variations in emission spectra have been studied as a function of excitation laser intensity in the 0.9‐183.0 mW cm–2 range for extrinsic excitation at T = 26 and 50 K. Radiative transitions from the donor levels located at 0.03 and 0.01 eV below the bottom of the conduction band to the acceptor levels located at 0.81 and 0.19 eV above the top of the valence band were proposed to be responsible for the observed A‐ and C‐bands. The anomalous temperature dependence of the B‐band peak energy was explained by configurational coordinate model. From X‐ray powder diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis, the monoclinic unit cell parameters and compositional parameters of Tl4GaIn3S8 crystals were determined, respectively. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Convenient Synthesis of Cyanine Dyes: Reagents for the Labeling of Biomolecules
Authors: Kvach Maksim V. , Ustinov Alexey V. , Stepanova Irina A. , Malakhov Andrei D. , Skorobogatyi Mikhail V. , Shmanai Vadim V. , Korshun Vladimir A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFour tetramethylindo(di)carbocyanine‐derived carboxylicacids have been prepared using a modified one‐pot procedure for the dye assembly. The acids were converted into oxysuccinimide esters and phosphoramidite reagents. The efficiency of the reagents in the labeling of oligonucleotides and proteins has been demonstrated. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Hematological Oncology: further ahead
Authors: Bertoni Francesco 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis editorial presents the new editorial structure of Hematological Oncology and summarizes the topics of interest of the journal. Authors are strongly encouraged to submit quality manuscripts regarding all the aspects of haematologic cancers via the Hematological Oncology website at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/hon. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human resources planning on terrorism and crises in the Asia Pacific region: Cross‐national challenge, reconsideration, and proposition from western experiences
Authors: Liou Dian‐Yan , Lin Chin‐Huang 
Published: February 2008

AbstractSince the 9/11 attacks in the United States (2001) and the two bombing events in Bali (2002, 2005), there has been renewed interest in emergency prevention policies in many organizations around the world. Functional terrorism preparedness requires changes in organizational thinking about external environmental threats. This shift in organizational thinking could be led by human resource departments. In order to achieve this goal, HR departments must redefine their role in terms of crisis management, and then four key planning measures for insuring postemergency operations should be observed. Using system dynamics (SD) methodology, this article examines the causes of states in which organizations operate after terrorist attacks. Based on the qualitative analytic approach of causal loops, this article explores the major challenges for HR development prompted by terrorism. Specifically, we focus on changes both to organizational communication and to workforce planning and succession. These activities are a tremendous challenge immediately following a disaster. A functional HR plan must include elements for proactive alertness, the ability to dispatch inventory, evacuation plans, and record preservation coupled with dissemination to employees and explicit employee training and cross‐cultural management. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Do race and gender matter in international assignments to/from Asia Pacific? An exploratory study of attitudes among Chinese
Authors: Tung Rosalie L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBased on a survey of EMBA students in China and South Korea, this article examines how two sensitive but potentially salient criteria—race and gender—affect the selection of an executive to head the (a) foreign operations of a U.S. multinational in China and South Korea and (b) newly acquired U.S. operations of a Korean multinational. The results reveal a fairly complex picture of how gender, race, and the interplay of these two factors might affect these decisions. In the Korean sample, competencies mattered more than race and gender in a senior executive appointment to the U.S. operations of Korean multinationals. Also in the Korean sample, race and gender outweighed competencies in assignments to Korea. In the Chinese sample, competencies outweighed race and gender in a senior executive appointment in China. Overall, Koreans had a more positive attitude toward foreign‐born Koreans than the Chinese toward foreign‐born Chinese for senior executive appointments. Implications for international human resource management and diversity management, both theoretical and applied, are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sequential numerical integration in nonlinear state space models for microeconometric panel data
Authors: Heiss Florian 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis paper discusses the estimation of a class of nonlinear state space models including nonlinear panel data models with autoregressive error components. A health economics example illustrates the usefulness of such models. For the approximation of the likelihood function, nonlinear filtering algorithms developed in the time‐series literature are considered. Because of the relatively simple structure of these models, a straightforward algorithm based on sequential Gaussian quadrature is suggested. It performs very well both in the empirical application and a Monte Carlo study for ordered logit and binary probit models with an AR(1) error component. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Job satisfaction and employee perception of the learning environment in the health care management industry
Authors: Brewer Ernest W. , Lim Doo Hun , Cross Marcia E. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and perception of the learning environment of administrative employees and differences in job satisfaction in terms of age, education, ethnicity, gender, location, marital status, position classification, and years of service. A total of 261 administrative employees of a national health care management organization participated in the survey. Major findings of this study revealed significant differences in some subcategories of job satisfaction and perceptions of learning environment in the respondents' ethnicity, age, and office location. Significant relationships were also found between job satisfaction, the perceived learning environment, and facets of the learning environment.
Improved artifact correction for combined electroencephalography/functional MRI by means of synchronization and use of vectorcardiogram recordings
Authors: Mullinger Karen J. , Morgan Paul S. , Bowtell Richard W. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate that two methodological developments (synchronization of the MR scanner and electroencephalography [EEG] clocks and use of the scanner's vectorcardiogram [VCG]) improve the quality of EEG data recorded in combined EEG/functional MRI experiments in vivo.Materials and MethodsEEG data were recorded using a 32‐channel system, during simultaneous multislice EPI acquisition carried out on a 3 Tesla scanner. Recordings were made on three subjects in the resting state and on five subjects using a block paradigm involving visual stimulation with a 10‐Hz flashing checkerboard.ResultsGradient artifacts were significantly reduced in the EEG data recorded in vivo when synchronization and a TR equal to a multiple of the EEG clock period were used. This was evident from the greater attenuation of the signal at multiples of the slice acquisition frequency. Pulse artifact correction based on R‐peak markers derived from the VCG was shown to offer a robust alternative to the conventionally used ECG‐based method. Driven EEG responses at frequencies of up to 60 Hz due to the visual stimulus could be more readily detected in data recorded with EEG and MR scanner clock synchronization.ConclusionSynchronization of the scanner and EEG clocks, along with VCG‐based R‐peak detection is advantageous in removing gradient and pulse artifacts in combined EEG/fMRI recordings. This approach is shown to allow the robust detection of high frequency driven activity in the EEG data. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;27:607–616. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Landform and sediment imprints of fast glacier flow in the southwest Laurentide Ice Sheet
Authors: Evans David J. A. , Clark Chris D. , Rea Brice R. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractEvidence for former fast glacier flow (ice streaming) in the southwest Laurentide Ice Sheet is identified on the basis of regional glacial geomorphology and sedimentology, highlighting the depositional processes associated with the margin of a terrestrial terminating ice stream. Preliminary mapping from a digital elevation model of Alberta identifies corridors of smoothed topography and corridor‐parallel streamlined landforms (megaflutes to mega‐lineations) that display high levels of spatial coherency. Ridges that lie transverse to the dominant streamlining patterns are interpreted as: (a) series of minor recessional push moraines; (b) thrust block moraines or composite ridges/hill–hole pairs constructed during readvances/surges; and (c) overridden moraines (cupola hills), apparently of thrust origin. Together these landforms demarcate the beds and margins of former fast ice flow trunks or ice streams that terminated as lobate forms. Localised cross‐cutting and/or misalignment of flow sets indicates temporal separation and the overprinting of ice streams/lobes. The fast‐flow tracks are separated by areas of interlobate or inter‐stream terrain in which moraines have been constructed at the margins of neighbouring (competing) ice streams/outlet glaciers; this inter‐stream terrain was covered by more sluggish, non‐streaming ice during full glacial conditions. Thin tills at the centres of the fast‐flow corridors, in many places unconformably overlying stratified sediments, suggest that widespread till deformation may have been subordinate to basal sliding in driving fast ice flow but the general thickening of tills towards the lobate terminal margins of ice streams/outlet glaciers is consistent with subglacial deformation theory. In this area of relatively low relief we speculate that fast glacier flow or streaming was highly dynamic and transitory, sometimes with fast‐flowing trunks topographically fixed in their onset zones and with the terminus migrating laterally. The occurrence of minor push moraines and flutings and associated landforms, because of their similarity to modern active temperate glacial landsystems, are interpreted as indicative of ice lobe marginal oscillations, possibly in response to seasonal climatic forcing, in locations where meltwater was more effectively drained from the glacier bed. Further north, the occurrence of surging glacier landsystems suggests that persistent fast glacier flow gave way to more transitory surging, possibly in response to the decreasing size of ice reservoir areas in dispersal centres and also locally facilitated by ice‐bed decoupling and drawdown initiated by the development of ice‐dammed lakes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Separation and quantitation of several angiotensin II receptor antagonist drugs in human urine by a SPE–HPLC–DAD method
Authors: Ferreirós Nerea , Iriarte Gorka , Alonso Rosa María , Jiménez Rosa María , Ortíz Eduardo 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this work, an SPE–HPLC method coupled to photodiode array detection was validated in human urine matrix, in order to monitor four antihypertensive angiotensin II receptor antagonist drugs in patients under cardiovascular treatment. For that purpose, experimental design was used. Quantitation was accomplished by the internal standard method. The obtained LOQs were 95, 113, 125, and 85 ng/mL for eprosartan, telmisartan, irbesartan, and valsartan, respectively. The intraday and interday precision and accuracy at four concentration levels in the working range (LOQ–15 μg/mL) were always lower than 11% RSD and 8% relative error. The urine samples proved to be stable during 4 h at room temperature, after three thaw‐freeze cycles, and for 2 months at –20°C. No interferences from other endogenous compounds or co‐administered drugs were found. The method has been successfully applied to monitor the renal elimination of eprosartan and valsartan during 24 h.
Risk factors of multiple system atrophy: A case‐control study in French patients
Authors: Vidal Jean‐Sébastien , Vidailhet Marie , Elbaz Alexis , Derkinderen Pascal , Tzourio Christophe , Alpérovitch Annick 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare sporadic progressive neurodegenerative disorder. MSA risk factors are poorly known. The objectives of this case‐control study were to study environmental risk factors associated with MSA. Cases were recruited through five French referral centers. Controls matched for age, gender, and living area were recruited from healthy relatives of inpatients free of any parkinsonian syndrome of the same centers. Subjects were interviewed about exposure to environmental factors (pesticides, solvents, etc.), occupation and food habits, and use of anti‐inflammatory drugs. Odds ratios and 95% confident intervals (OR [95% CI]) were computed using conditional logistic regression. Seventy‐one cases and 71 matched controls were included. Low education level was more frequent in cases than in controls. Controls drank more alcohol than did cases (OR = 0.5 [0.2–1.1]) and the risk of MSA decreased with increasing alcohol consumption (P = 0.04). Controls ate fish and sea food more often and drank more tea than cases. Aspirin intake was more frequent among controls than did cases (OR = 0.5 [0.2–1.0]) and the risk of MSA decreased with the frequency of intake (P = 0.0002). MSA was not associated to exposure to pesticides, solvents, and other toxics neither to occupations, except plant and machine operators and assemblers (OR = 10.0 [2.1–47.5]) where the risk of MSA increased with number of years in this occupation (P = 0.004). This case‐control study provided new findings about risk factors of MSA. On another hand, it did not confirm the previously reported association between MSA and exposure to pesticides. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Composite polymer electrolyte membranes comprising triblock copolymer and heteropolyacid for fuel cell applications
Authors: Choi Jin Kyu , Lee Do Kyoung , Kim Yong Woo , Min Byoung Ryul , Kim Jong Hak 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHybrid organic/inorganic composite polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of a triblock copolymer (tBC) and varying concentrations of heteropolyacid (HPA) were investigated for application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). An ABC triblock copolymer, that is, polystyrene‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate)‐b‐poly (styrene sulfonic acid), PS‐b‐PHEA‐b‐PSSA, at 28:21:51 wt % was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and solution‐blended with a commercial HPA. Upon the incorporation of HPA into the tBC, the symmetric stretching bands of both the SO group (1187 cm−1) and the OH group (3440 cm−1) shifted to lower wavenumbers (1158 and 3370 cm−1). The shift in these FTIR absorptions suggest that the HPA particles strongly interact with both the sulfonic acid groups in the PSSA domains and the hydroxyl groups in the PHEA domains. When the weight fraction of HPA was increased to 0.2, the room‐temperature proton conductivity of the composite membrane increased from 0.048 to 0.065 S/cm, presumably because of the intrinsic conductivity of the HPA particles and the enhanced acidity of the sulfonic acid in the tBC. The water uptake of the composite membranes decreased from 130 to 48% with an increase of the HPA weight fraction to 0.4. The decrease in water uptake is likely a result of the decrease in the number of available water absorption sites because of the hydrogen bonding interaction between the HPA particles and the tBC matrix. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images showed that the HPA nanoparticles with a diameter of 200–300 nm were uniformly distributed throughout the tBC matrix up to an HPA weight fraction of 0.4. Thermal stability of the composite membranes (decomposition temperature > 400 °C) was enhanced as compared with the pristine tBC membrane, presumably because of the strong specific interaction of the HPA particles with the sulfonic acid and hydroxyl groups. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 691–701, 2008
Aquatic habitat change in the Arkansas river after the development of a lock‐and‐dam commercial navigation system
Authors: Schramm Harold L. , Minnis Richard B. , Spencer Amy B. , Theel Ryan T. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe McClellan–Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System (MKARNS), completed in 1971, required the construction of 17 locks and dams and associated navigation works to make the Arkansas and Verdigris Rivers navigable for barge traffic from the Mississippi River to Catoosa, Oklahoma. We used a Geographic Information System to assess habitat changes in the 477‐km portion of this system within Arkansas from 1973 to 1999. Total aquatic area declined by 9% from 42 404 to 38 655 ha. Aquatic habitat losses were 1–17% among pools. Greatest habitat losses occurred in diked secondary channels (former secondary channels with flow reduced by rock dikes) and backwaters adjacent to the main channel. Most of the area of dike pools (aquatic habitat downstream of rock dikes), diked secondary channels and adjacent backwaters were <0.9 m deep. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spawning habitat of Atlantic salmon and brown trout: general criteria and intragravel factors
Authors: Louhi P. , Mäki‐Petäys A. , Erkinaro J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractGeneralized habitat criteria for spawning sites of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) using depth, water velocity and substrate size were created based on published information. In addition, information on critical intragravel conditions for egg development was summarized. Salmon spawned mostly in relatively deep, swift‐velocity habitats (20–50 cm, 35–65 cm s−1), whereas trout selected slightly shallower and slower flowing spawning sites (15–45 cm, 20–55 cm s−1). Salmon and trout preferred pebbles (16–64 mm) for spawning. The minimum oxygen concentration for successful incubation of eggs varies with the developmental stage of eggs, and supply of it may be reduced by deposited fine sediment. Habitat criteria for spawning sites are narrower than those for small juveniles; therefore the use of separate criteria is recommended. In addition to the traditional habitat criteria variables (depth, water velocity, substrate), the critical intragravel factors affecting egg survival should be incorporated in biologically meaningful criteria for spawning habitat modelling. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Jeans instability in a magneto-radiative dusty plasma
Authors: TSINTSADZE N. L. , CHAUDHARY ROZINA , SHAH H. A. , MURTAZA G. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe importance of thermal radiation on the Jeans instability is discussed for a magnetized dusty plasma with gravitational effects. The one-fluid MHD equations are developed by assuming that the entropy of each subsystem of plasma is conserved, when the temperature of the plasma species is non-relativistic. The dispersion relation in this case shows that thermal radiation helps to stabilize the Jeans instability. It is shown that the plasma is stable in a certain range of wavelengths. The magnetic field stabilizes the Jeans instability when the wave propagates across the magnetic field. However, for oblique propagation it is seen that the magnetic field does not stabilize the Jeans instability.
Evolution of host resistance in a toxin-producing bacterial–fungal alliance
Authors: Schmitt Imke , Partida-Martinez Laila P , Winkler Robert , Voigt Kerstin , Einax Esra , Dölz Franziska , Telle Sabine , Wöstemeyer Johannes , Hertweck Christian 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
The rice seedling blight fungus Rhizopus microsporus harbors endosymbiotic Burkholderia sp. for the production of the virulence factor, the antimitotic agent rhizoxin. Since the toxin highly efficiently blocks mitosis in most eukaryotes, it remained elusive how self-resistance emerged in the fungal host. In this study, rhizoxin sensitivity was systematically correlated with the nature of β-tubulin sequences in the kingdom Fungi. A total of 49 new β-tubulin sequences were generated for representative species of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota. Rhizoxin sensitivity assays revealed two further amino acids at position 100 (Ser-100 and Ala-100), in addition to the known Ile-100 and Val-100, which convey rhizoxin resistance. All sensitive strains feature Asn-100. This hot spot was verified by modeling studies, which support the finding that rhizoxin preferentially interacts with the tubulin molecule in a cavity near position 100. Ancestral character state reconstructions conducted in a Bayesian framework suggest that rhizoxin sensitivity represents the ancestral character state in fungi, and that evolution of rhizoxin resistance took place in the ancestor of extant resistant Zygomycota. These findings support a model according to which endosymbiosis became possible through a parasitism—mutualism shift in insensitive fungi.
Response of fermentation and sulfate reduction to experimental temperature changes in temperate and Arctic marine sediments
Authors: Finke Niko , Jørgensen Bo Barker 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Anaerobic degradation of organic material generally proceeds through a sequence of steps, including polymer hydrolysis, fermentation and respiration or methanogenesis. The intermediates, such as volatile fatty acids (VFA) or H2, are generally maintained at low concentration, showing a close coupling of the terminal oxidation to fermentation. We exposed marine sediments to extreme temperature perturbations to study the nature and robustness of this coupling. Bacterial sulfate reduction and its dependence on fermentation were studied experimentally over a broad temperature range of −0.3 to 40 °C in sediments from temperate and permanently cold environments. In an Arctic sediment from Svalbard, the apparent optimum temperature for sulfate reduction decreased with prolonged incubation, whereas sulfate reduction rates increased. In a temperate sediment from the North Sea, the apparent optimum temperature was higher and did not change with incubation time. Up to a critical temperature, the concentrations of VFA remained low, &lt;3 μm for acetate and &lt;1 μm for the other VFA, the H2 concentration showed thermodynamic control by sulfate-reducing bacteria, revealing a close coupling of fermentation and sulfate reduction. Above the critical temperature, the concentrations of VFA and H2 increased transiently by 100–1000-fold. According to the different in situ temperatures of the samples, the critical temperature was lower for sediments from the Arctic than from the North Sea. The H2 concentrations decreased again upon prolonged incubation to values typical for sulfate-depleted methanogenic sediments. This suggests that fermentative bacteria and methanogenic archaea in both sediments tolerated higher temperatures than the sulfate-reducing community.