bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and economic method to modify large organic surfaces for enhancing adhesion and transparent Au/PMMA with high electromagnetic shielding efficiency
Authors: Gao Gang , Zeng Shiqi , Li Kun , Duan Chao , Qin Yujie , Yang Lei , Zhang Hong , Cao Wenxin , Zhu Jiaqi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a simple and cost-effective approach for modifying large organic surfaces, facilitating robust adhesion between Au films and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) while retaining transparency to visible light and effectively shielding against electromagnetic interference (EMI). The proposed surface modification method employs a cheap low-power conventional UV lamp to illuminate organic surfaces in an open environment, rending it convenient and applicable for surfaces ranging from small to massive, irrespective of size, shape and location. By subjecting transparent PMMA glass to a brief 20–30 min exposure to a 36 W UV lamp positioned 5 cm away from the sample surface, the PMMA surface is dramatically modified and the surface is turned from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, establishing a strong adhesion between PMMA and Au films. The resulting Au/PMMA glass exhibits remarkable transparency about 70% within the visible light spectrum, coupled with an impressive EMI shielding efficiency that surpasses 20 dB across a broad range of electromagnetic wavebands, encompassing the S, C, X and Ku bands that correspond to the wave frequencies of major electromagnetic pollution and crucial applications of 5G communication, credit card validation, radar systems, traffic control, etc. Various characterizations have been conducted, elucidating the underlying mechanisms. This study presents an important advancement, and the accessible and scalable nature of the large-scalable surface modification method has far-reaching implications across numerous industrial sectors and applications, in addition to transparent EMI shielding Au/PMMA glasses.
Unraveling the role of autophagy regulation in Crohn's disease: from genetic mechanisms to potential therapeutics
Authors: Yuan Ziyue , Ye Jing , Liu Bo , Zhang Lan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAutophagy serves as the primary intracellular degradation mechanism in which damaged organelles and self-cytoplasmic proteins are transported to the lysosome for degradation. Crohn's disease, an idiopathic chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, manifests in diverse regions of the digestive system. Recent research suggests that autophagy modulation may be a new avenue for treating Crohn's disease, and several promising small-molecule modulators of autophagy have been reported as therapeutic options. In this review, we discuss in detail how mutations in autophagy-related genes function in Crohn's disease and summarize the modulatory effects on autophagy of small-molecule drugs currently used for Crohn's disease treatment. Furthermore, we delve into the therapeutic potential of small-molecule autophagy inducers on Crohn's disease, emphasizing the prospects for development in this field. We aim to highlight the significance of autophagy modulation in Crohn's disease, with the aspiration of contributing to the development of more efficacious treatments that can alleviate their suffering, and improve their quality of life.
Chlorella vulgaris in biodesalination: a sustainable future from seawater to freshwater
Authors: Balasubramaniyan Monisha , Kasiraman Dinesh , Amirtham S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDemand for freshwater is increasing rapid due to population growth and climate change. A potential solution to this problem is the use of biodesalination, which involves the removal of salt from seawater and brackish water using biological agents. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using Chlorella vulgaris, a green microalga, to remove salt from seawater to produce fresh water. The effects of salinity, light intensity, and nutrient concentration on the growth and salt removal efficiency of C.vulgaris were examined. Our results showed that C. vulgaris was able to grow and remove salt from seawater under salinities of approximately 24ppt and nutrient concentrations of 50%. The highest salt removal efficiency was achieved at a desalination setup involving C. vulgaris and seawater concentration of 1:5 ratio. We also evaluated the economic feasibility of biodesalination using C. vulgaris by estimating the production costs and comparing them with those of conventional desalination technologies. Our results showed that biodesalination using C.vulgaris is potentially a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to conventional desalination technologies. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the potential of C. vulgaris for the biodesalination of seawater, which could contribute to meeting the growing demand for fresh water.
Psychotherapy training in postgraduate psychiatry training in Nigeria – Are we doing enough?
Authors: Adiukwu Frances Nkechi , Adedapo Oluwadolapo Olujinmi , Ojeahere Margaret Isioma , Musami Umar Baba , Mahmood Mohammed Yusuf , Saidu Kakangi Amina , Salihu Mumeen Olaitan , Pinto da Costa Mariana 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Nigeria, with an estimated 40 million people living with mental disorders, faces a critical shortage of psychiatrists to address the significant burden. Despite psychotherapy being integral to psychiatric training, it lacks structure, consistency and adequate supervision. This is alarming, particularly given the substantial demand for specialized psychotherapeutic support among those with mental illness.

Methodology
A cross-sectional study utilised an online survey targeting early career psychiatrists recruited from the Early Career Psychiatrists section of the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria.

Results
The questionnaire was distributed to 252 early career psychiatrists across Nigeria, with a 42.9% response rate, of which 50% were male, with 73.2% trainees and 26.8% early career psychiatrists. While 52.8% had received some psychotherapy training, only 2.8% were qualified psychotherapists. Notably, only 27.6% of those with psychotherapy training had over 100 hours of training. Factors such as receiving psychotherapy training during postgraduate training and having supervised psychotherapy training were found significant for having independent psychotherapy training.

Conclusions
There is little emphasis on psychotherapy training in the postgraduate training in Nigeria. Those who had full training in psychotherapy were self-sponsored. Structured, supervised and mandatory psychotherapy within psychiatry training curriculum is recommended.
The interaction effect of dietary selenium intake and the IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism on the risk of colorectal cancer: a case–control study in Korea
Authors: Tran Tao Thi , Gunathilake Madhawa , Lee Jeonghee , Oh Jae Hwan , Chang Hee Jin , Sohn Dae Kyung , Shin Aesun , Kim Jeongseon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe importance of Se in human health has received much attention due to its antioxidant properties when it is consumed at an appropriate level. However, the existing evidence is limited to obtain an effective conclusion for colorectal cancer (CRC). Notably, an adequate intake of Se was reported for Koreans. Furthermore, cytokine secretion and immune function may be affected by dietary Se. Our study aimed to explore whether Se potentially reduces CRC risk and whether the IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism has an effect on this association. We designed a case–control study with 1420 cases and 2840 controls. A semi-quantitative FFQ was used to obtain information on Se intake. We determined IL10 rs1800871 through genetic analysis. Different models were developed to explore Se intake related to CRC risk by calculating OR and 95 % CI using unconditional logistic regression. A reduced risk of CRC was found as Se intake increased, with an OR (95 % CI) of 0·44 (0·35, 0·55) (Pfor trend < 0·001). However, this association seems to be allele-specific and only present among risk variant allele carriers (GA/GG) with a significant interaction between dietary Se and IL10 rs1800871 (Pfor interaction = 0·043). We emphasised that a reduction in CRC risk is associated with appropriate Se intake. However, the IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism has an impact on this reduction, with a greater effect on variant allele carriers. These findings suggest the importance of considering an individual’s genetic characteristics when developing nutritional strategies for CRC prevention.
The Sugar Revolution in New England: Barbados, Massachusetts Bay, and the Atlantic Sugar Economy, 1600–1700
Authors: Menzin Marion 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article traces the patterns of sugar consumption in seventeenth-century New England, from port to countryside, and the way in which economic exchange between New England and Barbados shaped the development of both regions. It deepens understanding of the rise of slavery-based tropical commodity production and consumption in the Atlantic world and examines the ways in which the emergence of capitalism and global imperialism was connected to the primacy of sugar as one of the most widely distributed early modern commodities.
Nematodes associated with terrestrial gastropod molluscs in Belgium and additional characterisation of Pellioditis californica and P. hermaphrodita
Authors: Cortes M.A. , Bert W. , Couvreur M. , De Waele D. , Singh P.R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A survey for slug- and snail-associated nematodes was conducted in forests, parks, botanical gardens, and nature reserves at 13 localities in Belgium to uncover more diversity of gastropod mollusc-associated nematodes and to characterise Pellioditis populations found in the country. A total of 319 slugs and snails belonging to nine species were examined. Arion vulgaris was the most commonly found mollusc species in this study (eight locations), and 19.4% of the examined mollusc specimens were found infected by nematodes. The highest prevalence of nematodes was observed in Cornu aspersum (60%) followed by A. vulgaris (34.8%), Limax maximus (28.6%), and Cepaea sp. (20%). Eleven nematode species belonging to eight families were isolated and identified from the mollusc hosts including Alloionema appendiculatum, Angiostoma dentiferum, A. gandavense, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Cosmocerca longicauda, Panagrolaimus cf. subelongatus, Pellioditis californica, P. hermaphrodita, Rhabditis sp., Tetrameres cf. fissispina, and Troglostrongylus cf. brevior.Pellioditis was the most commonly found nematode genus (at nine localities) and C. longicauda and P. californica were reported in Belgium for the first time. Co-infections of more than one nematode species were observed in eight (2.5%) molluscs specimens. Most co-infections consisted of two nematode species. In one A. vulgaris specimen, a co-infection of three nematode species (A. vasorum, P. hermaphrodita, and Tetrameres cf. fissispina) was observed. Four ex vivo cultures of P. californica and six ex vivo cultures of P. hermaphrodita were established from single hermaphrodites, and both species were described based on light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and morphometric, morphological, and molecular data.
Intransparent-Gap Relatives in Japanese
Authors: Seraku Tohru 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present article, we describe what we call Intransparent-Gap Relatives (IGRs) in Japanese. In IGRs, a gap is located within the relative clause, and the head noun appears outside the relative clause. Unlike the standard head-external relatives, the gap in IGRs is not transparently associated with the head noun, but they are mediated through a metonymic relation. We propose a formal account of IGRs in terms of incremental parsing in Dynamic Syntax: an IGR string is processed in a left-to-right manner, and a semantic structure is progressively built up. This account unifies the standard head-external relatives and IGRs, relegating their differences to the ways in which the head noun is parsed and construed against the relative clause structure. Confirmation of this analysis comes from cross-constructional and cross-linguistic considerations. First, the analysis predicts that a metonymic reading is available in relatives but not in other rightward-displacement constructions, such as clefts and postposing. Second, the analysis suggests that IGRs are possible in languages such as Japanese and Korean, where the relative clause is processed before the head noun, but not in languages such as English and French, where the head noun is processed before the relative clause.
Is the Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica extant? DNA analysis of a recent hair sample
Authors: Wirdateti Wirdateti , Yulianto Yulianto , Raksasewu Kalih , Adriyanto Bambang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Javan tiger Panthera tigris sondaica and the Bali tiger P. tigris balica were categorized as Extinct on the IUCN Red List in both 2003 and 2008, leaving only the Sumatran subspecies P. tigris sumatrae extant in Indonesia. There have, however, been occasional, more recent reports of the Javan tiger but without conclusive evidence. Here, a potential observation in 2019 of a Javan tiger in a community plantation near the village of Cipendeuy in the forest of South Sukabumi, West Java, and a single hair found on a fence nearby, are assessed. The cytochrome b mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene sequence of the putative Javan tiger hair were compared with that of a Javan tiger specimen in Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, collected in 1930; hair samples of several tiger subspecies and the Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas were used as controls. The results showed that the genetic distances (d) of the putative Javan tiger hair with the Sumatran, Bengal P. tigris tigris and Amur P. tigris altaica tigers and the Javan leopard are 0.074 ± SE 0.009, 0.071 ± SE 0.009, 0.072 ± SE 0.009 and 0.088 ± SE 0.010, respectively, whereas the genetic distance of the putative Javan tiger hair with the Javan tiger museum specimen is 0.040 ± SE 0.006. In addition, phylogenetic trees showed that the putative Javan tiger hair sample belongs to the same group as the museum specimen of the Javan tiger, but is differentiated from other tiger subspecies and the Javan leopard. Whether the Javan tiger still occurs in the wild needs to be confirmed with further genetic and field studies.
Climate change, energy production, and Arctic tourism: A case study analysis of northern Alaska
Authors: Nyman Elizabeth , Lamphere Jenna A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Historically, there have been two kinds of economic activities in northern Alaska. The first and oldest is the subsistence lifestyle of the Indigenous peoples. The second and more recent is the development of the oil and gas industry, which began in earnest in 1977 with the competition of the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline and construction of a new road, the Dalton Highway. Although first used only by commercial traffic for the oilfield, in 1994, the highway opened to the public and is now frequented by tourists travelling above the Arctic Circle. In this paper, we analyse the future of northern Alaska tourism by considering evolutionary economic geography and the area’s likely reduction in oil and gas activity. We consider how climate change may serve as a trigger, impacting tourism through the rise of last chance tourism, and conduct a scenario-based analysis. We argue that the oil and gas industry is likely to continue along its current path, exhausting accessible resources and innovating technology to push into new territories in the far north. However, should the culmination of extraneous factors render climate change a trigger, industry decline could be offset by investments that repurpose the area’s industrial heritage into tourism sites.
Do metacognitive therapies for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders work? A meta-analytic investigation
Authors: Melville Grace , Hoffman Maeve , Pollock Alexia , Kurtz Matthew M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent reviews and meta-analyses of metacognitive therapy for schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (SSD) have included uncontrolled studies, single-session interventions, and/or analyses limited to a single form of metacognitive therapy. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of metacognitive therapies more broadly based on controlled trials (CT) of sustained treatments. We conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis of controlled trials that investigated the effects of meta-cognitive therapies on primary positive symptom outcomes, and secondary symptom, function and/or insight measures. Electronic databases were searched up to March 2022 using variants of the keywords, ‘metacognitive therapy’, ‘schizophrenia’, and ‘controlled trial’. Studies were identified and screened according to PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes were assessed with random effects models and sample, intervention, and study quality indices were investigated as potential moderators. Our search identified 44 unique CTs with usable data from 2423 participants. Data were extracted by four investigators with reliability >98%. Results revealed that metacognitive therapies produced significant small-to-moderate effects on delusions (g = 0.32), positive symptoms (g = 0.30) and psychosocial function (g = 0.31), and significant, small effects on cognitive bias (g = 0.25), negative symptoms (g = 0.24), clinical insight (g = 0.29), and social cognition (g = 0.27). Findings were robust in the face of sample differences in age, education, gender, antipsychotic dosage, and duration of illness. Except for social cognition and negative symptoms, effects were evident even in the most rigorous study designs. Thus, results suggest that metacognitive therapies for SSD benefit people, and these benefits transfer to function and illness insight. Future research should modify existing treatments to increase the magnitude of treatment benefits.
Divine authority as divine parenthood
Authors: Hadsell Nicholas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, I argue that God is authoritative over us because he is our divine, causal parent. As our causal parent, God has duties to relate to us, but he can only fulfil those duties if he has the practical authority to give us commands aimed at our sanctification. From ought-implies-can reasoning, I conclude that God has that authority. After I make this argument, I show how the view has significant advantages over extant arguments for divine authority and can help solve other significant problems in philosophy of religion.
Photosynthetic acclimation, leaf turnover and growth in tree seedlings suddenly exposed to gaps in Jamaican montane rainforest
Authors: Ball Tom , Tanner Edmund 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mature leaves of tree seedlings were exposed to high light in four experimental gaps in the Jamaican upper montane rainforest (UMRF). Two of the six species studied were light-demanders: Alchornea latifolia and Clethra occidentalis. Two were gap-favoured: Pittosporum undulatum (an invasive) and Palicourea alpina (a subcanopy shrub). One was intermediate: Hedyosmum arborescens, and one was shade-tolerant: Guarea glabra. After five months, the following significant changes occurred in shade leaves that were exposed to gaps (‘shade-to-gap’ leaves; values as % of those in the pre-gap shade): maximum rate of photosynthesis + 40% (Alchornea), +35% (Clethra), −34% (Pittosporum), +72% (Palicourea); dark respiration +120% (Alchornea), +140% (Clethra), +60% (Pittosporum), +233% (Palicourea), +175% (Hedyosmum), +100% (Guarea); leaf thickness +18% (Alchornea), +18% (Clethra), +14% (Palicourea); leaf mass per unit area +18% (Alchornea), +15% (Pittosporum). Leaves produced in the gaps were (as a percentage of total live leaf number) 74% (Alchornea), 71% (Clethra), 50% (Pittosporum), 71% (Palicourea), 62% (Hedyosmum) and 50% (Guarea). Photosynthetic rates of leaves produced in the gaps were 53–120% higher than ‘shade-to-gap’ leaves. Overall, shade leaves on the three native, more light-demanding species (Alchornea, Clethra and Palicourea) showed photosynthetic acclimation, while the more shade-tolerant species (Hedyosmum and Guarea and Pittosporum undulatum) showed little acclimation in shade-to-gap leaves.
Wie kann die Psychologie die Psychotherapie verbessern?
Authors: Stangier Ulrich , Ritter Viktoria , Ivankovic Nela , Zaric Jelena , Haberkamp Anke , Rief Winfried , Berg Max , Herrmann Christiane , Martin Marcel A. , Michael Katharina , Psychange-Verbund und der 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Angesichts der wachsenden Bedeutung der Psychotherapie als Anwendungsbereich der Psychologie wird Grundlagenwissen in der Psychotherapieforschung immer noch zu wenig berücksichtigt. Die vorliegende Studie verfolgte die Frage, welche Potenziale und Hindernisse translationaler Psychotherapieforschung aus der Sicht von Hochschullehrer_innen gesehen werden. Dieser Frage ging eine qualitative Studie nach, in der vorgegebene Themen in Fokusgruppen diskutiert und die Diskussionsbeiträge qualitativ ausgewertet wurden. Methode: Nach inhaltlicher Diskussion innerhalb der PSYCHANGE-Forschungsgruppe der Universitäten Gießen, Marburg und Frankfurt wurde ein Interviewleitfaden entwickelt, der drei Forschungsfragen für die Fokusgruppen enthielt: 1. Wie können Grundlagenerkenntnisse besser in psychotherapeutische Interventionen transferiert werden? 2. Wie kann die Kommunikation und Kooperation zwischen grundlagenorientierten und klinischen Forscher_innen gefördert werden? 3. Wie kann die Rückkopplung klinischer Erkenntnisse zu den Grundlagen verbessert werden? Mit 24 Professor_innen und 7 Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen der beteiligten drei Psychologischen Institute wurden insgesamt 8 Fokusgruppen durchgeführt, in denen Vertreter_innen aus psychologischen Grundlagenfächern und klinischen Anwendungsbereichen vertreten waren. Die Audioaufnahmen der online durchgeführten Fokusgruppen wurden transkribiert und von zwei unabhängigen Rater_innen analysiert. Die Interrater-Übereinstimmung betrug hinsichtlich der Kodierungen identifizierter Texteinheiten 73 % und den hieraus abgeleiteten Oberkategorien 100 %. Ergebnisse: Es wurden acht Kategorien zu Potenzialen und Hindernissen translationaler Psychotherapieforschung identifiziert: Kommunikation, Gemeinsame Forschung, Methodennutzung / -weiterentwicklung, Strukturelle / hochschulpolitische Faktoren, Translation vermitteln / lernen, Anwendungsperspektiven, Rechtliche Barrieren, Motivationale und sonstige Einflüsse. Zusätzlich wurden die spezifischen Translationspfade analysiert. Am häufigsten wurde die Translation von den Grundlagenfächern der Psychologie in die Psychotherapieforschung und in die klinisch-psychologischen Grundlagen angesprochen. Am seltensten wurde die Translation von den Grundlagen in die Klinische Praxis und von der Klinischen Praxis in die Psychotherapieforschung benannt. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der Befragung sprechen dafür, Translation im Kontext universitärer Lehre im Fach Psychologie, in den Gremien und Forschungsgruppen an psychologischen Instituten, sowie in den Gremien von Projektträgern zu thematisieren und zu fördern.