bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen addition affected the root competition in Cunninghamia lanceolata–Phoebe chekiangensis mixed plantation
Authors: Yang Shuya , Yi Lita , Wang Jingru , Li Xiaoyun , Xu Bin , Liu Meihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLittle is known about below‐ground competition in mixed‐species plantations under increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. This study aims to determine the effects of N addition on root competition in coniferous and broad‐leaved species mixed plantations. A pot experiment was conducted using the coniferous species Cunninghamia lanceolata and the broad‐leaved species Phoebe chekiangensis planted in mixed plantations with different competition intensities under N addition (0 or 45 kg N ha−1 yr−1). Biomass allocation, root morphology, root growth level, and competitive ability were determined after five months of treatment. Our findings indicated that root interactions in mixed plantations did not influence biomass allocation in either C. lanceolata or P. chekiangensis but promoted growth in C. lanceolata when no N was added. However, N addition decreased biomass accumulation in both species in the mixed plantation and had a negative effect on the root growth of C. lanceolata due to intensified competition. Addition of N increased the relative importance of root predatory competition in P. chekiangensis, and increased the allelopathic competitive advantage in C. lanceolata. This suggests that N addition causes a shift in the root competitive strategy from tolerance to competition. Overall, these findings highlight the significant impact that the addition of N can have on plant interactions in mixed plantations. Our results provide implications for the mechanisms of root competition in response to increasing atmospheric N deposition in mixed plantations.
Major low‐energy trauma results in non‐specific immunoglobulin generation without evidence for specific autoantibody production: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Eckardt Henrik , Bless Nicolas , Heijnen Ingmar , Morgenstern Mario , Nehring Josephine , Kieninger‐Gräfitsch Andrea , Bouchenaki Martine , Durandin Vanessa , Purschke Silke , Schmidt Ina , Kouba Loraine Pascale , Trendelenburg Marten , Potlukova Eliska 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCellular debris resulting from large trauma might overwhelm the scavenger mechanisms and lead to autoimmune reactions. We analysed whether a major well‐defined trauma in humans induces laboratory signs of transient autoimmunity in the months after the insult. We included 50 patients with pertrochanteric femur fracture undergoing intramedullary nail osteosynthesis in a prospective cohort study and followed them at 3–4 days, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 12 months postoperatively. By standard techniques, we assessed levels of total immunoglobulins, anti‐nuclear antibodies (ANA), anti‐cardiolipin antibodies, anti‐dsDNA antibodies and anti‐C1q antibodies, as well as antibodies against cytomegalovirus (CMV) as a control. Blood leukocyte differential and lymphocyte subpopulations were determined at baseline and in the first two postoperative samples. The mean age of the patients reached 80.1 years, and 23 (46%) completed all visits. Serum concentrations of total IgG, IgM and IgA increased at all follow‐up time points. The ANA fluorescence light intensity units increased at 12 weeks and 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.0001), but the proportion of ANA‐positive patients did not change (35%). The values of anti‐C1q mildly increased at all follow‐up visits, but not the ratio to total IgG. Anti‐dsDNA remained negative in all patients, and anti‐cardiolipin IgG/IgM antibodies did not change. Anti‐CMV IgG antibodies increased significantly at all follow‐up visits, without change in the ratio to total IgG. Flow cytometry showed an increased proportion of B‐cells 3–4 days postoperatively. In conclusion, major musculoskeletal trauma in elderly patients induces a generalized non‐specific increase in immunoglobulin production without laboratory signs for enhanced systemic autoimmunity.
A novel immunocomplex capture fluorescence assay (ICFA) using fluorescent beads and transfected cells for specific identification of human neutrophil antigen (HNA)‐1a and ‐1b antibodies
Authors: Kamada Hiromi , Takahashi Daisuke , Shimizu Marie , Uchida Miyuki , Watanabe Yoshihisa , Nakajima Fumiaki , Miyata Shigeki , Satake Masahiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo identify specific human neutrophil antigen (HNA) antibodies, assays using neutrophils such as monoclonal antibody‐specific immobilization of granulocyte antigens (MAIGA) are recommended. However, these assays are limited by labor‐intensive neutrophil preparation and varying antigen expression levels.MethodsWe evaluated a newly developed immunocomplex capture fluorescence assay (ICFA) for identifying HNA‐1 antibodies and compared it to MAIGA and LABScreen Multi (LABM), which utilizes recombinant HNA‐coated Luminex beads. For ICFA, HNA‐1a or HNA‐1b transfected cells replaced neutrophils. Cells incubated with serum were lysed, and immune complexes were captured using five CD16 monoclonal antibody‐conjugated Luminex beads. Nine antisera with known specificity and 26 samples suspected of containing HNA antibodies were analyzed by ICFA and MAIGA using neutrophils or transfected cells (ICFA‐N or ICFA‐T, and MAIGA‐N or MAIGA‐T, respectively).ResultsICFA‐T and MAIGA‐N accurately determined the specificity of all antibodies in the nine antiserum samples. The ICFA‐T detection limit was 2048‐fold for anti–HNA‐1a and 256‐fold for anti‐HNA‐1b; the limits of MAIGA‐T, MAIGA‐N, and LABM were 32‐, 4 ~ 64‐, and 128‐fold for anti‐HNA‐1a and 64‐, 16 ~ 64‐, and 32‐fold for anti–HNA‐1b, respectively. Twelve and 7 of the remaining 26 samples tested negative and positive, respectively, in both ICFA‐T and MAIGA‐N. Antibody specificity against HNA‐1a or HNA‐1b determined using ICFA‐T agreed with that determined using MAIGA‐N and LABM. Another seven samples tested positive in ICFA‐T but negative in MAIGA‐N.ConclusionThe novel ICFA is highly sensitive and exhibits specificity similar to MAIGA and LABM for detecting HNA‐1 antibodies.
The effect of nurse‐led remote telephone triage on symptom management of patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sezgin Merve Gozde , Bektas Hicran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients experience many symptoms. Nurse‐led remote telephone triage can improve their quality of life by contributing to the management of these symptoms.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the effects of nurse‐led remote telephone triage on symptom management of patients with cancer.MethodsThe searches were conducted in 10 databases and gray literature from May 2023 to July 2023 without any year limitations. A fixed‐effects model was used in the meta‐analysis. Cochran's Q chi‐squared test and I2 statistics were used for heterogeneity. The PRISMA checklist was used. Data obtained from the included studies were analyzed using CMA 3 software.ResultsSix relevant studies (1671 patients) were included. Nurse‐led remote telephone triage was found to have a positive and moderate effect on parameters such as pain (Hedge's g = 0.21, p < .001), fatigue (Hedge's g = 0.28, p < .001), and depression (Hedge's g = 0.24, p < .001) in patients with cancer. Also, the remote telephone triage had a positive and low effect on outcomes such as anxiety (Hedge's g = 0.17, p = .001), nausea (Hedge's g = 0.17, p = .004), and vomiting (Hedge's g = 0.16, p = .007) but did not affect diarrhea results.Linking Evidence to ActionThis study showed that nurse‐led remote telephone triage considerably improved the symptoms of patients with cancer. This study will increase oncology nurses' awareness that nurse‐led remote telephone triage of patients with cancer can improve their symptoms. Remote symptom triage developed using evidence‐based guidelines and protocols can significantly contribute to the regular follow‐up of patients' symptoms, providing quality care, and establishing appropriate symptom management programs and systems with high levels of evidence.
A Review on The Use of Video in Education: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Ong Long Ong Ace Hong , Abd Halim Noor Dayana , Abdul Hanid Mohd Fadzil 
Published: March 2024

Multimedia in the form of video has been widely used in education since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is because the video is one of the tools that provide a lot of visual signals and a core component that stimulates the auditory and visual senses of students and processes information to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and provide students with a clearer understanding. The use of video also has a good effect on students’ training and acquiring skills. However, learning by watching videos may create problems for students because the form of learning is more passive. Previous research has identified that videos will create passive learning if the video is not well designed, the content does not meet the specified teaching and learning objectives and lacks interactive elements. It causes the use of video for teaching and learning to fail to stimulate critical thinking skills. Learning by watching video-based learning alone is not enough because there are still ways to increase learning opportunities and students’ engagement from videos if the videos are produced correctly and purposefully and used on the right platform. In addition, one of the concerns of using video in teaching and learning is that the video used does not develop students’ metacognitive ability because the video is passive learning. Therefore, this review aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of video in education. This concept paper reviews the previous research on using videos in education. The review describes the advantages and disadvantages of video implementation in several fields of education, including Mathematics, Sciences, Chemistry, Physics, Biology, and Geography. The review results show that the effect of using video for teaching and learning depends on the quality of the video, the learning content, and the interactive elements included in the video. In conclusion, this concept paper provides ideas and research gaps for researchers who want to investigate the use of video in teaching and learning. Besides, gives educators a broad perspective to develop a quality video to help students understand the lesson.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VISCOMETER TEST ON STENCIL PRINTING PROCESS
Authors: Ishak M. H. H. , Rusdi M. S. , Abdullah M. Z. , Abdul Aziz M. S. , Abdullah M. K. , Rethinasamy P. , G. Santhanasamy Damian 
Published: March 2024

Using CFD simulation, this study analyses the applicability of several spindle types for assessing lead-free solder paste. The purpose of this investigation is to determine how much solder paste applied on the solder pad. Five separate studies were conducted on parallel-plate (PP) and cone-plate (CP) spindles. The simulation was performed by using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) approach, and the Cross model represented solder paste viscosity. Since it is popularly used in modern industry, lead-free solder paste SAC305 type 3 was chosen for this study. Regardless of squeegee speed or aperture size, solder paste always filled the volume. The PP with 0.5 mm gap exhibits the smallest average disparity between simulation and experiment for all squeegee speeds tested. For 1⁰ CP, all experiments show similar trend line with average disparity except for 0.5 mm PP. All tests with very small aperture volumes produced comparable filled volume values, except for 0.5 mm PP test, which showed the smallest percentage change when the experimental data is compared at higher aperture volumes. This method can be used by other simulation researchers to get solder paste’s viscosity data for their solder paste simulation.
Validation Assessment of Turbulent Reacting Flow Model Using the Area-Validation Metric on Medium-Scale Methanol Pool Fire Results
Authors: Kirsch Jared , Fathi Nima 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Accident analysis and ensuring power plant safety are pivotal in the nuclear energy sector. Significant strides have been achieved over the past few decades regarding fire protection and safety, primarily centered on design and regulatory compliance. Yet, after the Fukushima accident a decade ago, the imperative to enhance measures against fire, internal flooding, and power loss has intensified. Hence, a comprehensive, multilayered protection strategy against severe accidents is needed. Consequently, gaining a deeper insight into pool fires and their behavior through extensive validated data can greatly aid in improving these measures using advanced validation techniques. A model validation study was performed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) in which a 30-cm diameter methanol pool fire was modeled using the SIERRA/Fuego turbulent reacting flow code. This validation study used a standard validation experiment to compare model results against, and conclusions have been published. The fire was modeled with a large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence model with subgrid turbulent kinetic energy closure. Combustion was modeled using a strained laminar flamelet library approach. Radiative heat transfer was accounted for with a model utilizing the gray-gas approximation. In this study, additional validation analysis is performed using the area validation metric (AVM). These activities are done on multiple datasets involving different variables and temporal/spatial ranges and intervals. The results provide insight into the use of the area validation metric on such temporally varying datasets and the importance of physics-aware use of the metric for proper analysis.
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Protection Efficiency of a Diamond-Shaped Thermal Jacket for Gun Barrels
Authors: Sun Quanzhao , Zhang Jie , Xie Run , Yang Guolai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Experimental and numerical investigations on the protection efficiency of a diamond-shaped thermal jacket made of the certain braided composites with anisotropic material properties for gun barrels were carried out to gain an insight into its thermal–structural behavior and performance. The experiments for the gun barrels with and without the thermal jacket subjected to unilateral thermal radiation were conducted on a thermal jacket protection efficiency experimental system. Three-dimensional finite element models were established to perform the thermal–structural analysis and approximate the temperature distribution and thermal deformation of the shrouded gun barrel and bare gun tube. The experimental results validated the numerical models for the study of solar radiation on the thermal–structural characteristics of the gun barrels with and without the thermal jacket. The temperature changes together with their gradients, and the thermal deformation of the gun tube shrouded with the thermal jacket were notably less than that of the bare gun tube. The nonuniform temperature distribution caused by unilateral radiation can be substantially ameliorated by the thermal jacket. The developed diamond-shaped thermal jacket owned satisfactory protection effectiveness. In addition, moderately increasing the thermal jacket's thickness or the air gap between the thermal jacket and gun tube can decrease the muzzle deflection of the shrouded gun barrels. The work is promising in providing both theoretical and practical contributions in design of shrouded tank gun barrels aiming at achieving high first shot accuracy.
Study on Dynamic Post-Buckling Stability of Thin-Walled Cylinders Subjected to Horizontal Vibration
Authors: Ye Yiji , Hasegawa Sho , Ichimiya Masakazu , Kasahara Naoto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
As a lesson learned from the Fukushima nuclear accident, the importance of accident mitigation for beyond design basis events (BDBEs) is recognized. Excessive earthquake is a typical BDBE. During such events, the fast reactor main vessel (FRMV) is vulnerable to buckling because of its thin-walled cylindrical structure. Buckling deformation without causing immediate collapse should not be considered as a limit state in BDBEs. Instead, the objective is to achieve a stable post-buckling state. In the present study, dynamic post-buckling behavior of thin-walled cylinders under intense horizontal vibration is experimentally studied, which simulates loop-type FRMV design. Finite element method (FEM) simulation is also conducted and validated by experimental data. Based on results analysis, a global response stability after buckling is confirmed. The buckled model shows resilience to withstand catastrophic collapse even when intense excitation continues to apply. Using equivalent linear response method, dynamic mechanisms behind the stability are revealed. Due to substantial degradation of structural stiffness, the post-buckling response shifts into the out-of-phase domain such that response divergence is prevented. Meanwhile, the response is notably delayed from the input, which impedes the conversion of input energy into kinetic energy, reducing the inertial impact to the structure. These mechanisms are found to be independent of input waveforms and can be applied to a general seismic scenario. Moreover, the limit for global response stability after buckling and the effect of input frequency on the post-buckling behavior are clarified.
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Trailing Edge Thickness of Simulated Ceramic Matrix Composite Blades on Loss Profiles
Authors: Miki Kenji , Ameri Ali 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is an enabling material allowing higher turbine inlet temperatures and possibly resulting in better thermal efficiency of gas turbine engines. This is because CMC layers with environmental barrier coating have significantly higher thermal limits (∼1755 K) compared with the more conventional alloyed metallic blades. CMCs possess a complex fabrication process resulting in different geometrical characteristics than metallic blades (e.g., larger trailing edge thickness, large leading-edge curvature, etc.). It is therefore desirable to assess the aerodynamic performance of the CMC blades using experimental and numerical simulations. To investigate, three different CMC blades with varying trailing edge thicknesses were numerically simulated. Both large-eddy simulation with the dynamic subgrid closure as well a recently implemented Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes coupled with an intermittency function-based transition model were utilized. Two sets of experimental test points with different Reynolds numbers at a given high-freestream turbulence range (Tu = ∼10–13%) were considered. The predicted pressure loading profiles, total loss distributions, and integrated loss of the three different CMC blades were computed and comparisons against the experimental data are presented herein. It was found that the mixing loss forms a larger proportion of the overall loss as the trailing edge thickness increases.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Thermal Imaging for Breast Tumor Location and Size Estimation Using Thermal Impedance
Authors: Nascimento Jefferson G. , Menegaz Gabriela L. , Guimaraes Gilmar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tumors can be detected from a temperature gradient due to high vascularization and increased metabolic activity of cancer cells. Thermal infrared images have been recognized as potential alternatives to detect these tumors. However, even the use of artificial intelligence directly on these images has failed to accurately locate and detect the tumor size due to the low sensitivity of temperatures and position within the breast. Thus, we aimed to develop techniques based on applying the thermal impedance method and artificial intelligence to determine the origin of the heat source (abnormal cancer metabolism) and its size. The low sensitivity to tiny and deep tumors is circumvented by utilizing the concept of thermal impedance and artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning. We describe the development of a thermal model and the creation of a database based on its solution. We also outline the choice of detectable parameters in the thermal image, the use of deep learning libraries, and network training using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Lastly, we present tumor location and size estimates based on thermographic images obtained from simulated thermal models of a breast, using Cartesian geometry and a scanned geometric shape of an anatomical phantom model.
Anterior–Posterior Center of Pressure Is Associated With Knee Extensor Moment During Landing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Chijimatsu Masato , Henmi Rui , Yokoyama Hiroko , Kimura Yuka , Ishibashi Yasuyuki , Tsuda Eiichi 
Published: March 2024

Context: A reduced knee extensor moment (KEM) in the involved limb and asymmetry in the KEM during landing tasks are observed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). There is limited information about the association of kinetic and kinematic parameters with the KEM during landing after ACLR. This study investigated the association of the anterior–posterior center of pressure (AP-COP) position, vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), and lower limb joint angles with the KEM during landing in female athletes following ACLR. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty-two female athletes who underwent ACLR performed a drop vertical jump at 7.9 (1.7) months after surgery. We evaluated the KEM, AP-COP position, VGRF, and sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle angles using a 3-dimensional motion analysis system with force plates. Results: The peak KEM in the involved limb was significantly smaller than that in the uninvolved limb during landing (1.43 [0.33] N·m/kg/m vs 1.84 [0.41] Nm/kg/m, P = .001). The VGRF in the involved limb was significantly smaller than that in the uninvolved limb (11.9 [2.3] N/kg vs 14.6 [3.5] N/kg, P = .005). The limb symmetry index of the KEM was predicted by that of the VGRF (P < .001, R2 = .621, β = 0.800). The KEM was predicted by the AP-COP position in the involved limb (P = .015, R2 = .227, β = 0.513) and by the VGRF in the uninvolved limb (P = .018, R2 = .213, β = 0.500). No significant correlation was noted between the KEM and the lower limb joint angles. Conclusions: The AP-COP position and VGRF were associated with the KEM during landing. Evaluating the VGRF and AP-COP position, not the lower limb joint angles, may contribute to understanding the KEM during double-leg landing after ACLR in the clinical setting.