bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Chewing Difficulty Onset Among Dentate Adults: 24‐month Incidence
Authors: Peek Chuck W. , Gilbert Gregg H. , Duncan R. Paul 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives: Chewing ability is an important measure of health‐related quality of life, yet few studies have examined predictors of chewing difficulty in community‐based samples. This study describes longitudinal patterns of chewing difficulty and identifies predictors of chewing difficulty onset. Methods: The Florida Dental Care Study (FDCS) was a longitudinal study of oral health and related behaviors. Interviews and a clinical exam were conducted with a sample that included persons who had at least one tooth and were aged 45 years or older (n=873). The five‐item chewing index of Leake (1990), with minor revision, was the outcome of interest. Results: Approximately 21 percent of baseline participants reported chewing difficulty and about 34 percent reported difficulty during the study. Having infected or sore gums, loose tooth, loose crown or bridge, toothache pain, lower numbers of opposing pairs of teeth, dry mouth, and being female were significant predictors of incident chewing difficulty. Conclusions: Self‐reported oral disease and tissue damage and toothache pain were strong predictors of decline in chewing ability. Additionally, women were identified as a high‐risk group for incident chewing difficulty. Future research should elaborate further the pathways through which these factors affect oral function.
Relative Effects of Pre‐ and Posteruption Water Fluoride on Caries Experience of Permanent First Molars
Authors: Singh K. A. , Spencer A. John , Armfield J. M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives: Previous studies have attributed the caries‐preventive effects of preeruption (PRE) and posteruption (POST) exposure to fluoridated water based on data collected before and after the commencement or discontinuation of water fluoridation. This study aims to determine the relative pre‐ and posteruption exposure effects of fluoridated water on caries experience of 6‐15‐year‐old Australian children based on individual residential histories. Methods: Parental questionnaires covering residential history of participants were linked to their oral examinations conducted between June 1991 and May 1992 by the School Dental Services of South Australia and Queensland. Percentage of lifetime exposed to optimally fluoridated water PRE and POST was calculated with respect to the eruption age for first permanent molars. Combined pre‐ and posteruption categories were created to test PRE against POST exposure: PRE & POST=0, PRE<POST, PRE=POST in the range 0‐90 percent of lifetime exposure, PRE>POST, and PRE & POST≥90 percent lifetime exposure. These categories were used as indicator variables with PRE and POST=0 as reference in an analysis of first permanent molar DMFS scores. The linear regression model controlled for important potential confounders. Results: Participation rates were 69.7 percent in South Australia and 55.6 percent in Queensland with 9,690 and 10,195 participants, respectively. Pre‐ and posteruption exposures were strongly correlated (r=. 74; P<.01). Compared to the reference, the categories PRE>POST, PRE=POST in the range 0‐90 percent, and PRE and POST≥90 percent showed significantly lower caries levels. Conclusions: The findings indicated that preeruption exposure was required for a caries‐preventive effect and that exposure after eruption alone did not lower caries levels significantly. However, the maximum caries‐preventive effects of fluoridated water were achieved by high pre‐ and posteruption exposure.
A National Survey of the Oral Health Status of Homeless Veterans
Authors: Gibson Gretchen , Rosenheck Robert , Tullner John B. , Grimes Rebecca M. , Seibyl Catherine L. , Rivera‐Torres Angel , Goodman Harold S. , Nunn Martha E. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives: This study reports results from a survey designed to (1) assess the oral health needs of a national sample of homeless veterans and (2) compare the dental needs of homeless veterans participating in VA‐sponsored rehabilitation programs with domiciled veterans in VA substance addiction programs. Methods:Homeless veterans enrolled in a nationwide rehabilitation program (n=1,152) completed a survey including questions concerning patients' perceptions of their oral health, dental service needs and use, and alcohol and tobacco use. A sample of these veterans (n=281) subsequently received dental exams. A comparison group of domiciled veterans enrolled in VA substance abuse programs (n=339) completed a similar survey. A sample of these veterans (n=150) also received dental exams. Results: Sociodemographic variables, patient‐reported oral health information and risk behaviors, and findings from dental exams described two remarkably similar populations. Conclusions: As expected, the homeless veterans exhibited poor oral health, but it was not different from domiciled veterans enrolled in substance addiction programs. Lifestyle choices, such as heavy drinking and smoking, may contribute more to poor oral health than living conditions.
Oral Health Surveillance: Past, Present, and Future Challenges
Authors: Beltrán‐Aguilar Eugenio D. , Malvitz Dolores M. , Lockwood Stuart A. , Rozier R. Gary , Tomar Scott L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe reviewed and summarized the efforts in the United States to collect data on oral diseases, conditions, and behaviors implemented at the national and state level. The main characteristics of these efforts were: (1) systematic collection of data from representative samples, mostly at the national level; (2) one‐time or sporadic experiences when data are collected at state and local levels; (3) use of visual‐tactile protocols implemented at the tooth‐surface or tooth‐site level for data collection; (4) focus mainly on dental caries and periodontal diseases; and (5) leap‐time from data collection to publication of results. Using the definition of surveillance in public health (the ongoing and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome‐specific data for use in planning, implementing, and evaluating public health practice), we show there is an impending need to develop new techniques to build up surveillance systems for oral diseases, conditions, and behaviors at the national, state, and local levels. In the second part of this review, we presented a number of alternative techniques developed in the last 10 years to collect timely data for oral health. The main characteristics of these efforts include: (1) focusing on data collection at state and local level; (2) integration into existing and ongoing surveillance systems; (3) using visual‐only protocols to collect data on oral disease status; (4) focusing on a variety of diseases, conditions, and behaviors; and (5) analyzing the data in a timely matter. Many of these efforts have been integrated into the National Oral Health Surveillance System, which has developed eight indicators in response to national health objectives. Finally, we envision the future of visual‐tactile protocols in data collection of representative samples to monitor oral health status at the national level and as a research tool. At the state and local level, however, we envision an integrated system of data collection as a constantly evolving process as new techniques are developed in response to new demands.
The New York State Minority Health Survey: Determinants of Oral Health Care Utilization
Authors: Chattopadhyay Amit , Kumar Jayanth V. , Green Elmer L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives: To determine the factors associated with visits to a dentist and more specifically the role of dental insurance coverage and to explore the reasons for not visiting a dentist among minorities in New York State. Methods: The Minority Health Survey was a one‐time, statewide, random digit‐dialed telephone survey. We drew a directed acyclic graph (DAG) of the potential determinants of oral health care utilization for our population of interest and modeled the independent variables as determinants of oral health care utilization. The data for this study were analyzed in SUDAAN using appropriate weights and variance adjustments that accounted for the complex sampling design. Hence, this report is generalizable to the New York State adult “minority” population. Results: About 63 percent respondents had visited a dentist in the past one year. Having dental insurance (adjusted odds ratio [adj OR]=2.5), having more than high school education (adj OR=1.9), being younger (adj OR=2.3 for 18‐25 years vs age 40 years or older), being married (adj OR‐1.7), being dentate (adj OR=0.3 for edentulousness), and having higher income (adj OR=0.5 for middle vs high income) were significantly associated with having visited a dentist in the past year. Cost and awareness‐related factors were the most common reasons for not visiting a dentist. Most of the year 2000 oral health objectives measurable in this survey were not met. Conclusion: Increasing dental insurance coverage and increasing awareness about oral health care would be the two biggest factors in meeting the goals of year 2010.
Early Childhood Caries: Prevalence and Risk Factors in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Jin Bo‐Hyoung , Ma Deuk‐Sang , Moon Hyock‐Soo , Paik DaMI , Hahn Se‐Hyun , Horowitz Alice M. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC), including noncavitated lesions (d1), in children 6‐59 months of age in relation to socioeconomic factors, feeding practices, and oral health behaviors in Seoul, Korea. Methods: The children attended child care facilities and were selected from 32 primary sampling units. Two dentists examined 470 children. Parents of 383 of the subjects were interviewed by phone regarding caries risk factors. Results: For children 6‐59 months of age, the prevalence of ECC and severe ECC were 56.5 percent and 47.0 percent respectively. In bivariate analysis, the children whose nursing bottle contained sweetened solution had higher severe ECC prevalence (P=.035), and children whose parents reported a lower frequency of between‐meal snacks showed lower ECC prevalence (P=.046). By logistic regression analysis, age and frequency of between‐meal snacks were associated with the prevalence of ECC (P<.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of ECC was high among children in Seoul. Early educational intervention programs for pregnant women and mothers of young children should be developed based on the risk factors identified in this study.
Statistical Model for Assessing the Impact of Targeted, School‐based Dental Sealant Programs on Sealant Prevalence Among Third Graders in Ohio
Authors: Kim Sunny , Lehman Amy M. , Siegal Mark D. , Lemeshow Stanley 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives:Since Ohio school‐based dental sealant programs target economically disadvantaged groups, simple comparison of sealant prevalence between schools with sealant programs and those without is problematic due to underlying disparities between the two in sealant prevalence. The goal of our analysis was to estimate the impact of sealant programs on sealant prevalence among third graders in Ohio by applying a statistical model to data from a 1998‐99 Ohio oral health screening survey of schoolchildren to control for differences in background characteristics. Methods: Included in the analysis were 9,747 third graders at randomly selected schools in Ohio. Chi‐square statistics and survey logistic regression were used to analyze the association of sealant presence with school sealant program participation, dental care payment method, sex, race, and school lunch program eligibility. Results: The unadjusted odds ratio for dental sealant presence was 3.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.6, 4.4; P<.01). Adjusting for race and income, the odds of having dental sealants among children in schools with dental sealant programs increased to 4.8 (95% CI=3.5,8.5;P<.01).Conclusions: Not controlling for confounders can result in underestimation of the impact of targeted school sealant programs.
Patterns of Fluoride Intake from 36 to 72 Months of Age
Authors: Levy Steven M. , Warren John J. , Broffitt Barbara 
Published: May 2007

AbstractObjectives: This paper reports on estimated daily fluoride intake from water by itself, beverages, selected foods, dentifrice, and dietary supplements, both individually and combined (mg and mg F/kg bw), among 785 children in the Iowa Fluoride Study from 36 to 72 months of age. Methods: Children were recruited in 1992‐95, with questionnaires sent at four‐ to six‐month intervals. Dietary fluoride intake estimates used community and individual water fluoride levels and average fluoride levels of beverages and foods prepared with water. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear models (GLM) assessed levels and associations with demographic factors. Results: There was substantial variation in fluoride intake, with some individuals' intakes greatly exceeding the means. Daily water fluoride intake estimates (in mg) increased with age, fluoride intake from other beverages and dentifrice both decreased slightly, and combined intake was quite consistent. For combined intake per unit body weight (mg F/kg bw), there was a steady decline with age. Therefore, the percentages with estimated intake exceeding possible thresholds for dental fluorosis also declined with age. Conclusions: Daily mean fluoride intakes from single and combined sources are relatively stable from 36‐72 months of age among these children. [J Public Health Dent2003;63(4):211‐20]
Oral Health of Bangladeshi Women Tobacco‐with‐paan Users and Self‐reported Oral Pain Following Tobacco Cessation
Authors: Croucher Ray , Pau Allan K. H. , Jerreat Matt , Begum Shamsia , Marcenes Wagner 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives: The study objectives were to assess the oral health status of a sample of UK resident Bangladeshi women tobacco‐in‐paan users and its relationship to participant age and number of daily paan, to determine the prevalence of oral pain at baseline and at the one‐week postcessation follow‐up, and to explore the relationship between oral health status and changes in self‐reported oral pain at baseline and at the one‐week postcessation follow‐up. Methods: Interviews were conducted in Sylheti using fully structured questionnaires and an oral examination was carried out. A quit date was set and nicotine replacement therapy patches (Nicorette(r) 15 mg, Pfizer) were supplied. Age, number of daily paan, and oral pain characteristics, including intensity, frequency, any provoking factors, and associated symptoms were recorded. Oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and numbers of teeth decayed, missing, filled, and those with recession, abrasion, loss of attachment (LOA), and tooth wear were charted. Results: Fifty‐two women took part. The mean age was 42.8 years and number of daily paan with tobacco was 13. Compared to those aged 18‐39 years, those aged 40 years and older had poorer oral health. Older adults were significantly more likely to have higher numbers of teeth with recession, abrasion, and LOA greater than 3.5 mm. They were significantly more likely to have an OML at baseline. The prevalence of self‐reported oral pain was 26.9 percent at baseline and 51.9 percent at one‐week follow‐up. Presence of an OML at baseline was a significant predictor of reports of oral pain at the one‐week follow‐up. Results of stepwise multiple regression analysis confirmed this finding (OR=3.66; 95% CI‐1.06, 12.621; P=.04). Conclusions: Reports of oral pain at follow‐up during a tobacco cessation program correlate with the presence of OMLs at baseline. Further investigation of this relationship is needed. Access to appropriate dental care, as an aid to successful tobacco cessation, is indicated.
Implementing a Community‐based Oral Health Care Program: Lessons Learned
Authors: Diamond Richard , Litwak Eugene , Marshall Stephen , Diamond Alexis 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objectives: The objective of this paper is to report key findings of a process evaluation that may be useful to other institutions seeking to implement a community‐based oral health care program primarily targeting children in dentally underserved communities. By partnering with community‐based organizations, public schools, and community health care providers, the Columbia University School of Oral and Dental Surgery (SDOS) established the Community DentCare Network (DentCare) in the Harlem and Washington Heights/lnwood neighborhoods of northern Manhattan. These low‐income neighborhoods are characterized by poor oral health and have been designated by the federal government as health professions shortage areas. Methods: The method used in the process evaluation was open‐ended qualitative interviewing by a sociologist with extensive experience in this methodology aided by a participant‐observer within the DentCare program. Results: The heterogeneity of the two communities required different strategies and resources to gain trust and acceptance. Fundamental changes were required of SDOS over a 10‐year period, beginning with prioritizing community service into a primary mission. Collaborating with medical clinics facilitated the implementation of the network when the partners shared the same philosophical goals. Faculty and staff with different skills were needed during the start‐up and the sustained development phases of the program.
Associations Between Occupational Health Behaviors and Occupational Dental Erosion
Authors: Kim Hyun‐duck , Douglass Chester W. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between occupational health behaviors and occupational dental erosion. Methods: Using data for 943 workers among 34 factories, selected by three‐stage stratified cluster sampling from 888 factories using acids, two sets of modified case‐control studies were performed. The cases were 242 workers with any dental erosion (G1‐5) and 78 with severe dental erosion (G3‐5); the controls were 701 workers with no erosion (GO) and 864 workers with no or mild erosion grades, GO‐2, respectively. The main explanatory variables were behaviors such as wearing a respiratory mask and gargling at work. The results were adjusted for employment, age, sex, knowledge, and opinion about occupational health, attrition, and abrasion. Bivari‐ate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: The odds of overall occupational dental erosion (G1‐5) was 0.63 (95% Cl=0.42, 0.94) for respiratory mask wearers compared to nonwearers; the odds of severe occupational dental erosion (G3‐5) was not significantly less in respiratory mask wearers (OR=0.94; 95% Cl=0.53, 1.67).‐ Gargling did not show a significant association with occupational dental erosion in this study. Conclusions: Among occupational health behaviors, wearing personal protective respiratory masks in work was significantly associated with less overall occupational dental erosion.
Evaluation of a Dental Health Education Program for Midwives
Authors: Öcek Zeliha Asli , Eden Ece , Soyer Meral Türk , Cliçeklioglu Meltem 
Published: May 2007

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a dental health program for the midwives in primary health care services in Izmir, Turkey. Methods: One hundred sixty‐four midwives participated in the pilot project. The program was evaluated by quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method assessed the improvement of the dental knowledge level, whereas the qualitative method was conducted to determine the assessments of the participants. Results: The percentages of correct responses given to knowledge items were higher after the program. The midwives defined their role as an important first step for dental services. Education atmosphere was the best characteristic of the program, whereas lack of a written document was an important limitation. Conclusion: Despite some limitations, the program was an effective way of improving the oral health knowledge of the midwives and their motivation for dental services.
Report of Recommendations from the National Dental Public Health Workshop, February 10‐12,2002, Bethesda, MD
Authors: Weyant Robert J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA two‐and‐a‐half day workshop was held beginning February 10, 2002, to review the current state of dental public health training in the United States with the aim of creating recommendations that would address identified problems and lead to improvements in the quality of dental public health training. This workshop, held in Bethesda, Maryland, was sponsored by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) through a contract with the American Association of Public Health Dentistry (AAPHD). Workshop invitees included the program directors of all accredited dental public health residency programs in the United States and Canada, selected dental public health residents, and additional consultants invited based on their expertise in dental public health education. The recommendations have been placed into three categories: training, financing, and workforce development. Along with background and process summaries, these recommendations are reported here.
Disparity in Orthodontic Utilization and Treatment Need Among High School Students
Authors: Nelson Suchitra , Armogan Vidya , Abei Yumi , Broadbent B. Holly , Hans Mark 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to assess the disparity in utilization of orthodontic services among high school students and to measure and characterize the extent of unmet treatment needs among untreated students at the time of examination. Methods: The sample consisted of 2,808 tenth grade students enrolled in different public and private high schools. All subjects completed a dental survey that included questions on demographic, dental health, and orthodontic services, and assessment of smile using the visual analog scale. A subsample of dental study casts that were available for 561 untreated subjects were scored using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) to estimate unmet treatment need. Results: The orthodontic utilization rate was 37 percent. The odds of being orthodontically treated were 8.7 times greater among those with dental visits within the past year than among those without, and three times greater among Caucasians than among other ethnic groups. The DAI indicated that the unmet treatment need was 29 percent, with ethnic minority groups having 2.6 greater odds of needing treatment than Caucasians. Conclusion: Minority groups and infrequent dental attenders may experience disparities in unmet orthodontic treatment need.
An Examination of the Dental Utilization Practices of Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: a Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Yeazel Mark W. , Gurney James G. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Mitby Pauline A. , Mertens Ann C. , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study characterized the self‐reported dental utilization practice of long‐term survivors of childhood cancer, a group at increased risk for treatment‐induced dental abnormalities. Methods: 9,434 survivors and a comparison group of 3,858 siblings completed a 289‐item survey that included a question on when their last dental visit occurred. Results: Within the last year 60.4 percent of survivors reported a dental visit. The groups less likely to report a recent dental visit include minority subjects, subjects with low levels of educational attainment, subjects with annual household incomes <$20,000, and those without health insurance. No significant differences between survivors and siblings were seen. Male survivors exposed to cranial radiation were slightly more likely than other male survivors to report a recent dental visit (OR/1.27, 95% CI/1.12, 1.44). Conclusions: The dental utilization practices among survivors of childhood cancer are below recommended levels, even among those at highest risk for dental abnormalities.