bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Intramolecular Charge Transfer Spectra and Structure of Isomeric Aminopyridines
Authors: Mataga Noboru , Mataga Shizuyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic spectra and structure of isomeric amino-pyridines have been studied theoretically employing the general method for the study of a composite system. The calculated results correspond satisfactorily with the experiment, in general, and the nature of electronic transitions in these molecules has been made clear. Thus it is evident that there is no difficulty in assuming the amino-form of these molecules in interpreting theoretically their electronic spectra and structure.
Absorption Spectra of Dyes. III. On the Composition of Complexes Formed in Mixtures of Chlorazol Sky Blue FF and p-Nitroaniline→γ Acid in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kobayashi Teruaki , Tanizaki Yoshié , Ando Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The change in spectrum at 620 mμ of the mixture of Chlorazol Sky Blue FF and p-nitroaniline→γ acid in aqueous solution was measured in detail at room temperature, by varying the concentration of the component dyes.
2. On the assumption that the spectral change is due to the complex formation, the composition of complexes was discussed by comparing the observed and the calculated difference in optical density.
3. It may be supposed that a 1:1 complex occurs to a great extent over a range of low concentration of p-nitroaniline→γ acid as compared with that of Chlorazol Sky Blue FF, and that higher complexes are formed in the presence of an excess of the acid dye.
A Convenient Method for the Calculation of the π-Electronic Structures of Aromatic Derivatives
Authors: Nishimoto Kichisuke , Fujishiro Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was show that the set of vacant orbitals of the conjugated system would be a mirror image of that of occupied orbitals. Using this relation the calculation of the π-electronic structures of the aromatic derivatives are considerably simplified. As an example, the molecular diagrams of the benzene hydroxy derivatives were calculated.
Spectrochemical Study of Microscopic Crystals. XIX The Structure and Absorption Spectra of Fremy’s Salt
Authors: Yamada Shoichiro , Tsuchida Ryutaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra in the visible and ultra-violet region have been determined at room temperature by Tsuchida and Kobayashi’s microscopic method with crystals of Fremy’s salt and related compounds. Infrared absorption spectra have also been measured with these compounds.
The results of the measurements are discussed in relation to the structure of the compounds. A steric condition, visible and ultra-violet absorption spectra and infrared spectra are found to be in best agreement with a structure having a peroxide grouping.
On the Mechanism of Oxidation by Cuprous Chloride, Pyridine and Air. I. The Properties of the Reaction
Authors: Kinoshita Keiz\={o} 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) By aerial oxidation of aniline catalyzed by cuprous chloride in a pyridine solution, azobenzene of about 60% is produced. In this reaction, the actual oxidant may be considered “oxidant A” which is produced by aerial oxidation of cuprous chloride pyridine complex.
(2) Hydroxy cupric chloride pyridine complex, a reaction product of cupric chloride pyridine complex with a methyl alcohol solution of potassium hydroxide, has a similar catalytic activity.
(3) These two complexes are to be considered strong bases.
(4) These two complexes have a remarkable resemblance to each other.
The Aconite Alkaloids. XXX. On Lucidusculine
Authors: Suginome Harusada , Amiya Takashi , Shima Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. In lucidusculine the presence of a double bond had previously been assumed. Further, on the basis of observations of the infrared spectra of luciculine, lucidusculine diacetate and dihydrolucidus-culine diacetate, the presence of a terminal methylene group in lucidusculine was suggested.
Kuhn-Roth oxidation of mesoluciculine and of dihydromesoluciculine and ozonolysis of lucidusculine and of lucidusculine diacetate supported the suggested presence of a terminal methylene group. These results and the biogenesis of the aconite alkalodis show that the double bond in lucidusculine belongs to a terminal methylene groups.
2. The roots of Aconitum species from Shoya, Hidaka in Hokkaido, were divided into mother-roots and daughter-roots; the water-insoluble basic portions were obtained from both; lucidusculine and jesaconitine were isolated by the chromatographic method.
Vapor Pressure of Molecular Crystals. XIII. Vapor Pressure of α-Glycine Crystal. The Energy of Proton Transfer
Authors: Takagi Sadao , Chihara Hideaki , Seki Syûzô 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Sublimation pressures of crystalline α-glycine were measured between 138 and 153°C by the effusion method. The pressure equation
logP(mmHg)=13.666-(6816.8/T)
fits well the experimental data. The heat, entropy and free energy (at 25°C) of sublimation were 31.18±0.49 kcal./mole, 49.33±1.17 cal./deg. mole and 16.47±0.60 kcal./mole, respectively. An energy cycle was constructed which correlates zwitterion and molecule in crystal and vapor states, and hydrated zwitterion and molecule in solutions. The observed heat of sublimation corresponds to the change in heat content in going from the zwitterioncrystal to gaseous molecules. The molecular configuration is more stable in vapor state. By using the experimental values of the heat of sublimation, the heat of solution of crystals into water and the temperature dependence of pKa in solution, with the help of the theoretical values of the lattice energy of the crystal, the following heat values were determined; the heat of proton jump in vapor, NH3+CH2COO− → NH2CH2COOH, −72 kcal./mole, the heat of proton jump in the crystal 7∼10 kcal./mole, hypothetical heat of sublimation of crystals composed of molecules 21∼24 kcal./mole, the heats of hydration of a zwitterion and a molecule −99.8 and −17.8 kcal./mole, respectively, the heat of solution of the hypothetical crystal to give a solution of molecular glycine 3∼6 kcal./mole, and the heat of self-neutralization in aqueous solution 9.7 kcal./mole. The negative quantities show that the processes are exothermic. It was shown that the proton transfer in a medium of large dielectric constant or in a strong crystalline field requires only a small amount of energy and its significance in chemical reactions and biochemical activities was suggested. Each of the derived heat values was examined by independent checks from different sources, except for the energies of proton transfer.
Studies on Crystal Hydrates. V. Zeolitic Dehydration of Dl-Tris-ethylenediamine-cobalt(III) Chloride Hydrate, Dl-[Co en3]Cl3·nH2O. Sorption and Desorption of Water Vapor. A Preliminary Study of the Dielectric Properties
Authors: Chihara Hideaki , Nakatsu Kazumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dehydration pressures of Dl-[Co en3]Cl3 ·nH2O (n≤4), were measured between 19 and 45°C at various water contents. The dehydration isotherm derived from the data is of type V of the BET classification with a constant pressure (2.85 mmHg at 25°C) region between n=2.5 and n=0.2, corresponding to the case of capillary condensation into pores of uniform size. The crystal lattice is stable after dehydration, showing the zeolitic nature of dehydration. The usual criterion of stepwise dehydration for the lattice-destructive dehydration does not apply to this type of crystal. The differential molar heat and entropy of dehydration have maximum values around n=2.7; this can be accounted for by the theory of cooperative phenomena. At very low water content, there is a possibility of rearrangement of atoms in the crystal as inferred by the entropy consideration. A preliminary study of the dielectric properties showed that the relaxation absorption occurs between −180°C and room temperature in the megacycle region with the activation energy for the relaxation about 7 kcal./mol. The dielectric loss due probably to the d. c. conduction was observed in the c-axis direction.
Studies on the Silk-Palladium Catalyst. II. General Properties
Authors: Izumi Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The silk-palladium catalyst was found to catalyze the hydrogenation of aliphatic C=C double bonds, aldehyde, nitriles and nitro groups directly attached to aromatic rings, azobenzene, and some oximino groups, but relatively weakly that of aliphatic nitro groups. The catalyst was completely inactive to aromatic C=C double bonds, aliphatic carbonyl (with the exception of α-ketoglutarate which was reduced to glutamate in the presence of ammonia), nitriles, and several oximes.
2. The catalyst, when used once, considerably increased its catalytic activity and this elevated activity persisted after several repeated uses.
3. Ethyl mercaptan was poisonous to the catalyst probably due to its combination with the active palladium atoms. Ferric and cupric ions inhibited the catalyst by forming chelate linkages with the carrier protein. The inhibition by these metal ions could be restored by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. Acetylation of the catalyst with acetic anhydride markedly reduced the activity, although the treatment of silk fibroin with acetic anhydride prior to the preparation of the catalyst gave a strongly active catalyst.
Intramolecular Interaction between Hydroxyl Group and π-Eelctrons. V. Electronic Effect in Arylcarbinols and a Preliminary Note on the Interaction in Benzylaniline Derivatives
Authors: Oki Michinori , Iwamura Hiizu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Absorption due to the O–H stretching vibration in the fundamental region was measured with fourteen benzyl alcohol derivatives to see the electronic effect of the substituent on the interaction between the hydroxyl group and the π-electrons and the following conclusions are deduced.
1) The nature of the interaction or the structure of the molecule which gives rise to the νO–H absorption at 3617 cm−1 is discussed and the interaction between the hydroxyl group and the π-electron on the carbon atom to which hydroxymethyl group is attached (structure III) is favored.
2) The consistency of the wave numbers at which two νO–H absorptions appear, gives further support to the idea that these absorptions originate in the existence of the two rotational isomers.
3) (Remark: Graphics omitted.) is in linear relation with Hammett’s σ values and the σ value of the m-benzyloxyl group is estimated as −0.204.
A similar phenomenon is also observed in the substituted benzylanilines.
The State of a Small Amount of Magnesium Contained in Calcareous Shells
Authors: Kitano Yasushi , Furutsu Tsuyako 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An original method (Dissolution Method) for determining small amounts of magnesium contained in calcareous shells has been devised, and the state of magnesium has been determined by this method. As a result, it can be verified that small amounts of magnesium in calcareous shells are always contained as a solid solution of calcite and dolomite.
The Assignment of Infrared Absorption Bands of 1, 3, 5-Trichlorobenzene
Authors: Saëki Shinnosuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The infrared absorption spectra of deuterated nd non-deuterated 1,3,5-trichlorobenzenes were measured in the vapor state from 5,000 to 400 cm−1. The results of our measurements allowed us the assignment of the fundamental bands of this substance by the aid of the product rule. As we could not observe all of the fundamental bands of this substance, the perfect application of the product rule was not possible. But we proved that our assignment did not conflict with the product rule.
The Reaction of Tropoids and Quinone Derivatives. I. Reaction of Several Tropolones and p-Benzoquinone-dibenzenesulfonimide
Authors: Seto Shuichi , Yamazaki Hiromi , Nishiyama Yukio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of tropolones with p-benzoquinonedibenzenesulfonimide was carried out and the following points were observed.
1) The 2′, 5′-dibenzenesulfonamidophenyl group enters the 5-position of the tropolone ring, similar to the case of phenol.
2) The reaction proceeds in the same way in the case of 4-isopropyltropolone, without interference of the isopropyl group.
3) In the case of tropolones with a substituent in 5-position, reduction of p-benzoquinone-dibenzenesulfonimide takes place.
Relations between Electronic Absorption Spectra and Spatial Configurations of Conjugated Systems. IV. Polyphenyls
Authors: Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet absorption spectra and the spatial configurations of polyphenyls have been briefly surveyed, and then the most probable spatial configurations of p-terphenyl and of o-terphenyl have been inferred from the spectra by application of the method analogous to the one for biphenyl in the first part of this series, resulting in the interplanar angle of about 10° for p-terphenyl and in that of about 43° for the o-isomer. Some related compounds have also been discussed. Further, it has been shown that the length of the “single” sp2–sp2 bond of the conjugated system depends on the extent of the π–π interaction across the bond, contrary to Dewar’s recent hypothesis.
Spectroscopic Study on the Living Polymers of Styrene, Butadiene and their Derivatives
Authors: Kuwata Keiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectra of the living polymers of styrene and its derivatives as well as of alkali benzyl have been measured from near infrared region to near ultra violet region, and they were compared. It has been concluded that these living polymers are the polymer anions having the groups of benzyl anion type at the end of a polymer chain. The living polymers of butadiene and isoprene have been separated as the intermediates of polymerization by metallic sodium, and their spectra have been measured. Comparing these spectra with that of allyl sodium, it has been concluded that the living polymer of butadiene and isoprene are the polymer anions having the groups of allyl anion type at the end of a polymer chain. The spectroscopic study on the block polymerization of isoprene with the living polymer of styrene has been carried out. The mechanism of polymerization has been discussed.
Alternating Current Polarization Titration with Two Hanging Mercury Drop Electrodes—Application to Chelatometric Titration of Cadmium
Authors: Kitagawa Toyokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cadmium was titrated with the EDTA by the alternating current polarization titration with two hanging mercury electrodes and the factors which affect this titration were examined. As a result, it is clear that the end point is. indicated by the change of the mercuric ion con centration in the neighborhood of equivalence point. Pretreatment of the mercury drop electrode is not necessary. By this method, cadmium of 10−2∼10−3 m were titrated with a relative error of 0.9%.
A Molecular Orbital Theory of Saturated Compounds. I. Ionization Potential and Bond Dissociation Energy
Authors: Fukui Kenichi , Kato Hiroshi , Yonezawa Teijiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ionization potential and the bond dissociation energy of saturated compounds are calculated by Yoshizumi’s C–C bond skeleton method. With regard to ionization potentials, the calculated results are parallel to the observed values. In particular, for normal paraffins the parallelism is almost complete. For total electronic energies, the calculated results indicate a simple additivity rule in normal and cycloparaffins, and for bond dissociation energies an approximate agreement is obtained between the calculated and the observed values.
In spite of the rough approximation involved in the present treatment, it may be said that the results obtained are rather satisfactory.
Rate of Adsorption on a Heterogeneous Surface. Determination of the Distribution Function of Sites from Adsorption Rate Curves
Authors: Kubokawa Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A device to obtain the distribution function of sites from adsorption rate curves was worked out for the chemisorption for which desorption is negligible. It was then applied to the rate data of hydrogen chemisorption on chromic oxide gel and on ZnO·MoO3 with reasonable results.
Theory of the Influence of the Dielectric Constant on the Rate of Reaction in Solution with Application to Enzyme Reactions. II. Application of the Theory to Enzyme Reactions
Authors: Hiromi Keitaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The theory of solvent effect developed in the preceding paper has been extended to include the enzyme reactions. The application to some typical model reactions which resemble the breakdown of enzyme-substrate complex has shown that the order of magnitude of experimentally observed effects can reasonably be accounted for by the theory.
Factors which may possibly influence rates of enzyme reactions by changing the composition of mixed solvents have also been discussed.
Amylose-Iodine Complex. III. Potentiometric and Spectrophotometric Studies
Authors: Kuge Takashi , Ono Sôzaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The amylose-iodine reaction has been studied in a wider temperature range than hitherto reported by both potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods.
The enthalpy change of the reaction obtained potentiometrically is −15.5 kcal. at 16°C, and appears to be independent of the chain length and the kind of parent starch of amylose.
The change of the absorptions of the amylose-iodine complex with temperature has been pursued at wavelengths of 650, 288 and 350 mμ, respectively.
The triiodide ion adsorbed on the surface of amylose causes an error in the spectrophotometric estimation of free iodine concentration. At the higher temperature, however, this error may be neglected, and the results obtained seem to be reliable.
The enthalpy change appears to increase with increasing temperature and −20.8 kcal. has been obtained at 50°C.
The Structure of Aureothin. X. Aza Derivatives of Aureothin, Isoaureothin and Desmethylisoaureothin
Authors: Yamada Kiyoyuki , Nakata Hisao , Hirata Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Aureothin (I), isoaureothin (II, R=CH3) and desmethylisoaureothin (II, R=H) reacted with ammonia in a somewhat drastic way, and gave aza-derivatives respectively, some properties of which are described. Of these, aza-desmethyl-isoaureothin was shown to be VI containing tautomeric α,γ-dihydroxypridine, on a basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
Synthesis and Purification of Sexiphenyl for Scintillator
Authors: Nozaki Tadashi , Tamura Michiko , Harada Yuhei , Saito Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) Mononitration of p-terphenyl is satisfactorily effected at 100 to 110°C in glacial acetic acid containing about 10% acetic anhydride and a trace of sulfuric acid, and 4-nitro- (ca. 60%), 2′-nitro- (20 to 25%) and 2-nitroterphenyl (15 to 20%) are obtained.
2) Sexiphenyl is formed in a fairly good yield (more than 40%) by the Ullmann condensation of 4-iodoterphenyl and copper.
3) Sexiphenyl is satisfactorily purified by repeated zone refining and vacuum sublimation. The final product melts at 428∼429°C to form an apparent liquid crystalline state and becomes tranparent at 543°C (475°C in literature). It contains an appreciable amount of neither iodine nor copper and can be converted into a fairly large single crystal to be used as scintillator.
Determination of Oxygen in Some Minerals Using Pyrite
Authors: Iwasaki Iwaji , Katsura Takashi , Yoshida Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the present paper a method for the determination of a very small amount of oxygen in an almost pure pyrite was proposed. From the results of the fundamental experiments on the reactions between the pyrite and the other minerals containing oxygen, it was ascertained that oxygen is completely liberated as sulfur dioxide and water vapor by heating in vacuo. The reproducibility of this method is fairly satisfactory, but there are no standard samples to examine the accuracy of this method. The results of the experiments indicate that this method could be used as a method for estimating the degree of oxidation of almost pure pyrites, for determining the amount of oxygen in some minerals, and in some cases for calculating the ratio of the oxygen containing compounds in their mixtures. Moreover, it seems possible to use this method for the determination of oxygen in a mixture of sulfides and oxides or sulfates of other metals than iron, and also oxygen in the metals. After the work reported herein had been almost completed, the authors were informed of the work, “The Sulfur Method of Oxygen Determination in Metals”, of Babko et al. who reported a somewhat similar study on the determination of oxygen in metals by using elementary sulfur instead of pyrite.
Vapor Pressure of Zinc in Tin-Zinc Binary Liquid Alloy
Authors: Niwa Kichizo , Yokokawa Toshio , Wada Harue 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The vapor pressure of zinc in liquid tin-zinc alloys has been measured by Knudsen’s effusion method. Application of this method to liquid alloys has been found to be successful. Observed activity coefficients of zinc are discussed in relation to theoretical calculations. The deviation from the regular solution model has been interpreted in terms of the cellular approximation as well as the volume difference effect.
The Roles of Prolyl Residue in Polypeptide Monolayers. III. Surface Films of Gelatin
Authors: Ikeda Shoichi , Isemura Toshizo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Surface films of gelatin, which is very rich in l-prolyl and l-hydroxyprolyl residues, were examined on salt-free and 1 m potassium chloride solutions at three different pH’s by the measurements of surface pressure, potential and viscosity. They were found to spread incompletely but to be of expanded types. The incomplete spreading and the other properties of the films were regarded as a manifestation of the specific configuration of gelatin in films. The expanded nature of the films was attributed to the roles of prolyl residue in gelatin such as observed in polypeptides. The extent of expansion of the films appeared to give evidence to support the results from chemical analysis that a gelatin molecule is composed of a large amount of l-prolyl-l-hydroxyprolyl bonds. The behavior of gelatin films was adequately explained by assuming that the parts of cis l-prolyl-l-hydroxyprolyl bond form the film and the parts of trans bond dissolve in aqueous subphase.
Non-stoichiometry of Nickel Oxide
Authors: Iida Yoshio , Shimada Kenzo , Ozaki Shunro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Nickel oxide obtained by heating nickel nitrate, carbonate and hydroxide at low temperatures exhibits a non-stoichiometric structure. An excess of oxygen decreases with an increase in the heating temperature of nickel salts. Concentration of Ni3+ determined by chemical analysis increases with the excess of oxygen. Densities of nickel oxide or activation energy of electrical conductivity decrease with an increase in the excess of oxygen, whereas lattice parameter does not vary. Isothermal change in electrical conductivity of nickel oxide shows that the decrease in vacancies may be attributed to the diffusion of vacancies to the crystal surface. The concentration of vacancies calculated from the density is higher than that from the concentration of Ni3+ ion. The disagreement may be attributed to the density measurement technique.
Studies on the Mannich Reaction. III. On the Formation of Piperidine Derivatives (3)
Authors: Uchino Norito 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
i) The addition of bromine to β-benzoylethylamine hydrochloride was studied. It was concluded that bromine molecule was added to β-benzoylethylamine hydrochloride in the form linking astride to the carbionium ion and the lone pair of electrons of the nitrogen atom, both of which were formed by prototropy.
ii) The bromine addition product of β-benzoylethylamine hydrochloride was treated with alkali for a little while to give N-bromo-β-benzoylethylamine which was very unstable and decomposed to give β-benzoylethylamine hydrobromide.