bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraising LaQshya’s potential in measuring quality of care for mothers and newborns: a comprehensive review of India’s Labor Room Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Singh Shalini , Hasan Zabir , Sharma Deepika , Kaur Amarpreet , Khurana Deeksha , Shrivastava J N , Gupta Shivam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Poor intrapartum care in India contributes to high maternal and newborn mortality. India’s Labor Room Quality Improvement Initiative (LaQshya) launched in 2017, aims to improve intrapartum care by minimizing complications, enforcing protocols, and promoting respectful maternity care (RMC). However, limited studies pose a challenge to fully examine its potential to assess quality of maternal and newborn care. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap and reviews LaQshya’s ability to assess maternal and newborn care quality. Findings will guide modifications for enhancing LaQshya’s effectiveness.

Methods
We reviewed LaQshya’s ability to assess the quality of care through a two-step approach: a comprehensive descriptive analysis using document reviews to highlight program attributes, enablers, and challenges affecting LaQshya’s quality assessment capability, and a comparison of its measurement parameters with the 352 quality measures outlined in the WHO Standards for Maternal and Newborn Care. Comparing LaQshya with WHO standards offers insights into how its measurement criteria align with global standards for assessing maternity and newborn care quality.

Results
LaQshya utilizes several proven catalysts to enhance and measure quality- institutional structures, empirical measures, external validation, certification, and performance incentives for high-quality care. The program also embodies contemporary methods like quality circles, rapid improvement cycles, ongoing facility training, and plan-do-check, and act (PDCA) strategies for sustained quality enhancement. Key drivers of LaQshya’s assessment are- leadership, staff mentoring, digital infrastructure and stakeholder engagement from certified facilities. However, governance issues, understaffing, unclear directives, competency gaps, staff reluctance towards new quality improvement approaches inhibit the program, and its capacity to enhance quality of care. LaQshya addresses 76% of WHO’s 352 quality measures for maternal and newborn care but lacks comprehensive assessment of crucial elements: harmful labor practices, mistreatment of mothers or newborns, childbirth support, and effective clinical leadership and supervision.

Conclusion
LaQshya is a powerful model for evaluating quality of care, surpassing other global assessment tools. To achieve its maximum potential, we suggest strengthening district governance structures and offering tailored training programs for RMC and other new quality processes. Furthermore, expanding its quality measurement metrics to effectively assess provider accountability, patient outcomes, rights, staff supervision, and health facility leadership will increase its ability to assess quality improvements.
Pathogenic variants in human DNA damage repair genes mostly arose in recent human history
Authors: Zhao Bojin , Li Jiaheng , Sinha Siddharth , Qin Zixin , Kou Si Hoi , Xiao Fengxia , Lei Huijun , Chen Tianhui , Cao Wenming , Ding Xiaofan , Wang San Ming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Genome stability is maintained by the DNA damage repair (DDR) system composed of multiple DNA repair pathways of hundreds of genes. Germline pathogenic variation (PV) in DDR genes damages function of the affected DDR genes, leading to genome instability and high risk of diseases, in particular, cancer. Knowing evolutionary origin of the PVs in human DDR genes is essential to understand the etiology of human diseases. However, answer to the issue remains largely elusive. In this study, we analyzed evolutionary origin for the PVs in human DDR genes.

Methods
We identified 169 DDR genes by referring to various databases and identified PVs in the DDR genes of modern humans from ClinVar database. We performed a phylogenetic analysis to analyze the conservation of human DDR PVs in 100 vertebrates through cross-species genomic data comparison using the phyloFit program of the PHAST package and visualized the results using the GraphPad Prism software and the ggplot module. We identified DDR PVs from over 5000 ancient humans developed a database to host the DDR PVs (https://genemutation.fhs.um.edu.mo/dbDDR-AncientHumans). Using the PV data, we performed a molecular archeological analysis to compare the DDR PVs between modern humans and ancient humans. We analyzed evolution selection of DDR genes across 20 vertebrates using the CodeML in PAML for phylogenetic analysis.

Results
Our phylogenic analysis ruled out cross-species conservation as the origin of human DDR PVs. Our archeological approach identified rich DDR PVs shared between modern and ancient humans, which were mostly dated within the last 5000 years. We also observed similar pattern of quantitative PV distribution between modern and ancient humans. We further detected a set of ATM, BRCA2 and CHEK2 PVs shared between human and Neanderthals.

Conclusions
Our study reveals that human DDR PVs mostly arose in recent human history. We propose that human high cancer risk caused by DDR PVs can be a by-product of human evolution.
Circulating miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p and miR-451a are biomarkers of lung cancer in Tunisian patients
Authors: Boutabba Alya , Missaoui Fadoua , Dlala Akram , Kamoun Hela , Ben Salem Khalil , Gabsi Amira , Rejeb Hadhemi , Letessier Anne , Miotto Benoit , Marrakchi Raja 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most common type of cancer and, despite significant advances in screening and diagnosis approaches, a large proportion of patients at diagnosis still present advanced stages of the disease with distant metastasis and bad prognosis. Finding and validating biomarkers of lung cancer is therefore essential. Such studies are often conducted on European, American and Asian populations and the relevance of these biomarkers in other populations remains less clear. In that prospect, we investigated the expression level of seven microRNAs, chosen from the medical literature (miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-103a-3p, miR-375-3p, miR-451a, miR-520-3p and miR-let-7e-5p), in the blood of Tunisian lung cancer patients, treated or not by chemotherapy, and healthy control individuals. We found that high expression levels of circulating miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p and miR-451a in the plasma of untreated patients discriminate them from healthy control individuals. In addition, miR-16-5p and miR-451a expression levels are significantly reduced in the plasma of chemotherapy-treated patients compared to untreated patients. Our results confirmed previous work in other populations worldwide and provide further evidence that circulating miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p and miR-451a potentially regulate key pathways involved in the initiation and progression of cancer.
Investigating the causal role of the gut microbiota in esophageal cancer and its subtypes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Jia , Gao Xuedi , Sun Xiaoming , Li Hao , Wei Jiaheng , Lv Lin , Zhu Liangming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThrough research on the gut microbiota (GM), increasing evidence has indicated that the GM is associated with esophageal cancer (ESCA). However, the specific cause-and-effect relationship remains unclear. In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was applied to investigate the causal relationship between the GM and ESCA, including its subtypes.MethodsWe collected information on 211 GMs and acquired data on ESCA and its subtypes through genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The causal relationship was primarily assessed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Additionally, we applied the weighted median estimator (WME) method, MR–Egger method, weighted mode, and simple mode to provide further assistance. Subsequent to these analyses, sensitivity analysis was conducted using the MR–Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO global test, and leave-one-out method.ResultFollowing our assessment using five methods and sensitivity analysis, we identified seven GMs with potential causal relationships with ESCA and its subtypes. At the genus level,VeillonellaandCoprobacterwere positively correlated with ESCA, whereasPrevotella9,Eubacterium oxidoreducens group, andTuricibacterwere negatively correlated with ESCA. In the case of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC),Flavonifractorexhibited a positive correlation, whileActinomycesexhibited a negative correlation.ConclusionOur study revealed the potential causal relationship between GM and ESCA and its subtypes, offering novel insights for the advancement of ESCA diagnosis and treatment.
Two patients with Knobloch syndrome due to mutation in COL8A1 gene: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ogreden Tulin Aras , Erdoğan Gürkan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Knobloch syndrome (KNO, OMIM # 267,750) is a rare ciliopathy group sydrome characterized by a collagen synthesis disorder. It represents an uncommon cause of pediatric retinal detachment. This report presents two cases with different COL18A1 gene mutations, complicated by retinal detachment.

Case presentation
Both cases exhibited high myopia and various degrees of occipital skull defect. The first case, a female, had bilateral congenital retinal detachment, posterior embryotoxon, and strabismus. The second case, a male, had unilateral congenital retinal detachment and neuromotor developmental delay. The first case, diagnosed in the early months of life, underwent successful retinal reattachment surgery. However, surgery was not performed on the second case, who presented with late-stage unilateral retinal detachment and pre-phthisis.

Conclusions
The report describes two patients with Knobloch syndrome, one of whom responded favorably to surgery for retinal detachment in both eyes. Successful anatomical results were achieved with early surgical interventions. It is essential to recognize the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within KNO.
Alternatives to dental opioid prescribing after tooth extraction (ADOPT): protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial
Authors: Oyler Douglas R. , Westgate Philip M. , Walsh Sharon L. , Dolly Prothro Jennifer , Miller Craig S. , Roberts Monica F. , Freeman Patricia R. , Knudsen Hannah K. , Lang Maggie , Dominguez-Fernandez Enif , Rojas-Ramirez Marcia V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDentists and oral surgeons are leading prescribers of opioids to adolescents and young adults (AYA), who are at high risk for developing problematic opioid use after an initial exposure. Most opioids are prescribed after tooth extraction, but non-opioid analgesics provide similar analgesia and are recommended by multiple professional organizations.MethodsThis multi-site stepped wedge cluster-randomized trial will assess whether a multicomponent behavioral intervention can influence opioid prescribing behavior among dentists and oral surgeons compared to usual practice. Across up to 12 clinical practices (clusters), up to 33 dentists/oral surgeons (provider participants) who perform tooth extractions for individuals 12–25 years old will be enrolled. After enrollment, all provider participants will receive the intervention at a time based on the sequence to which their cluster is randomized. The intervention consists of prescriber education via academic detailing plus provision of standardized patient post-extraction instructions and blister packs of acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Provider participants will dispense the blister packs and distribute the patient instructions at their discretion to AYA undergoing tooth extraction, with or without additional analgesics. The primary outcome is a binary, patient-level indicator of electronic post-extraction opioid prescription. Data for the primary outcome will be collected from the provider participant’s electronic health records quarterly throughout the study. Provider participants will complete a survey before and approximately 3 months after transitioning into the intervention condition to assess implementation outcomes. AYA patients undergoing tooth extraction will be offered a survey to assess pain control and satisfaction with pain management in the week after their extraction. Primary analyses will use generalized estimating equations to compare the binary patient-level indicator of being prescribed a post-extraction opioid in the intervention condition compared to usual practice. Secondary analyses will assess provider participants’ perceptions of feasibility and appropriateness of the intervention, and patient-reported pain control and satisfaction with pain management. Analyses will adjust for patient-level factors (e.g., sex, number of teeth extracted, etc.).DiscussionThis real-world study will address an important need, providing information on the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention at modifying dental prescribing behavior and reducing opioid prescriptions to AYA.ClinicalTrials.govNCT06275191.
Ginger inhibits the invasion of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3 through CLDN7, CLDN11 and CD274 m6A methylation modifications
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhang Hairong , Zhu Lin , Xia Lei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Ginger is a common aromatic vegetable with a wide range of functional ingredients and considerable medicinal and nutritional properties. Numerous studies have shown that ginger and its active ingredients have suppressive effects on manifold tumours, including ovarian cancer (OC). However, the molecular mechanism by which ginger inhibits OC is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and mechanism of ginger in OC.

Methods
The estimation of n6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels was performed using the m6A RNA Methylation Quantification Kit, and RT-qPCR was used to determine the expression of m6A-related genes and proteins. The m6A methylationome was detected by MeRIP-seq, following analysis of the data. Differential methylation of genes was assessed utilizing RT-qPCR and Western Blotting. The effect of ginger on SKOV3 invasion in ovarian cancer cells was investigated using the wound healing assay and transwell assays.

Results
Ginger significantly reduced the m6A level of OC cells SKOV3. The 3’UTR region is the major site of modification for m6A methylation, and its key molecular activities include Cell Adhesion Molecules, according to meRIP-seq results. Moreover, it was observed that Ginger aids significantly in downregulating the CLDN7, CLDN11 mRNA, and protein expression. The results of wound healing assay and transwell assay showed that ginger significantly inhibited the invasion of OC cells SKOV3.

Conclusions
Ginger inhibits ovarian cancer cells’ SKOV3 invasion by regulating m6A methylation through CLDN7, CLDN11, and CD274.
Therapeutic effect of curcumin nanoemulsion on cystic echinococcosis in BALB/c mice: a computerized tomography (CT) scan and histopathologic study evaluation
Authors: Ghanimatdan Mohamad , Sadjjadi Seyed Mahmoud , Mikaeili Fattaneh , Teimouri Aref , Jafari Seyed Hamed , Derakhshanfar Amin , Hashemi-Hafshejani Saeideh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin nanoemulsion (CUR-NE) in mice infected with Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto protoscoleces.

Methods
Forty-two inbred BALB/c mice were divided into seven groups of six animals each. Six groups were inoculated intra-peritoneally with 1500 viable E. granulosus protoscoleces, followed for six months and used as infected groups. The infected groups were named as: CEI1 to CEI6 accordingly. The 7th group was not inoculated and was named cystic echinococcosis noninfected group (CENI7). CEI1 and CEI2 groups received 40 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day curcumin nanoemulsion (CUR-NE), respectively. CEI3 received nanoemulsion without curcumin (NE-no CUR), CEI4 received curcumin suspension (CUR-S) 40 mg/kg/day, CEI5 received albendazole 150 mg/kg/day and CEI6 received sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). CENI7 group received CUR-NE 40 mg/kg/day. Drugs administration was started after six months post-inoculations of protoscoleces and continued for 60 days in all groups. The secondary CE cyst area was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan for each mouse before treatment and on the days 30 and 60 post-treatment. The CT scan measurement results were compared before and after treatment. After the euthanasia of the mice on the 60th day, the cyst area was also measured after autopsy and, the histopathological changes of the secondary cysts for each group were observed. The therapeutic efficacy of CUR-NE in infected groups was evaluated by two methods: CT scan and autopsied cyst measurements.

Results
Septal calcification in three groups of infected mice (CEI1, CEI2, and CEI4) was revealed by CT scan. The therapeutic efficacy of CUR-NE 40 mg/kg/day (CEI1 group) was 24.6 ± 26.89% by CT scan measurement and 55.16 ± 32.37% by autopsied cysts measurements. The extensive destructive effects of CUR-NE 40 mg/kg/day (CEI1 group) on the wall layers of secondary CE cysts were confirmed by histopathology.

Conclusion
The current study demonstrated a significant therapeutic effect of CUR-NE (40 mg/kg/day) on secondary CE cysts in BALB/c mice. An apparent septal calcification of several cysts revealed by CT scan and the destructive effect on CE cysts observed in histopathology are two critical key factors that suggest curcumin nanoemulsion could be a potential treatment for cystic echinococcosis.
Neuroprotective effects of methanolic extract from Chuanxiong Rhizoma in mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced ischemic stroke: suppression of astrocyte- and microglia-related inflammatory response
Authors: Lim Chiyeon , Lim Sehyun , Moon So-Jung , Cho Suin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
In traditional Asian medicine, dried rhizomes of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong Rhizoma [CR]) have long been used to treat pain disorders that affect the head and face such as headaches. Furthermore, they have been used primarily for blood circulation improvement or as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicine. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of a methanol extract of CR (CRex) on ischemic stroke in mice caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

Methods
C57BL/6 mice were given a 1.5-h transient MCAO (MCAO control and CRex groups); CRex was administered in the mice of the CRex group at 1,000–3,000 mg/kg either once (single dose) or twice (twice dose) before MCAO. The mechanism behind the neuroprotective effects of CRex was examined using the following techniques: brain infarction volume, edema, neurological deficit, novel object recognition test (NORT), forepaw grip strength, and immuno-fluorescence staining.

Results
Pretreating the mice with CRex once at 1,000 or 3,000 mg/kg and twice at 1,000 mg/kg 1 h before MCAO, brought about a significantly decrease in the infarction volumes. Furthermore, pretreating mice with CRex once at 3,000 mg/kg 1 h before MCAO significantly suppressed the reduction of forepaw grip strength of MCAO-induced mice. In the MCAO-induced group, preadministration of CRex inhibited the reduction in the discrimination ratio brought on by MCAO in a similar manner. CRex exhibited these effects by suppressing the activation of astrocytes and microglia, which regulated the inflammatory response.

Conclusions
This study proposes a novel development for the treatment of ischemic stroke and provides evidence favoring the use of L. chuanxiong rhizomes against ischemic stroke.
Equitable access to quality injury care; Equi-Injury project protocol for prioritizing interventions in four low- or middle-income countries: a mixed method study
Authors:   Equi-Injury Group, Davies Justine , Chu Kathryn , Tabiri Stephen , Byiringiro Jean Claude , Bekele Abebe , Razzak Junaid , D’Ambruoso Lucia , Ignatowicz Agnieszka , Bojke Laura , Nkonki Lungiswa , Laurenzi Christina , Sitch Alice , Bagahirwa Irene , Belli Antonio , Sam Napoleon Bellua , Amberbir Alemayehu , Whitaker John , Ndangurura Denys , Ghalichi Leila , MacQuene Tamlyn , Tshabalala Ntombekhaya , Fikadu Berhe Derbew , Nepomuscene Ntezimana Jean , Agbeko Anita Eseenam , Sarfo-Antwi Frederick , Babar Chand Zaheer , Wajidali Zabin , Sahibjan Fazila , Atiq Huba , Mali Yonela , Tshabalala Zola , Khalfe Faieeza , Nodo Olwethu , Umwali Ghislaine , Twizeyimana Eric , Mugisha Nadine , Munyura Ngirabeza Oda , Nakure Solange , Ishimwe Sage Marie Consolatrice , Nzasabimana Pascal , Dramani Adams , Acquaye Jane , Tanweer Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Equitable access to quality care after injury is an essential step for improved health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We introduce the Equi-Injury project, in which we will use integrated frameworks to understand how to improve equitable access to quality care after injury in four LMICs: Ghana, Pakistan, Rwanda and South Africa.

Methods
This project has 5 work packages (WPs) as well as essential cross-cutting pillars of community engagement, capacity building and cross-country learning. In WP1, we will identify needs, barriers, and facilitators to impactful stakeholder engagement in developing and prioritising policy solutions. In WP2, we will collect data on patient care and outcomes after injuries. In WP3, we will develop an injury pathway model to understand which elements in the pathway of injury response, care and treatment have the biggest impact on health and economic outcomes. In WP4, we will work with stakeholders to gain consensus on solutions to address identified issues; these solutions will be implemented and tested in future research. In WP5, in order to ascertain where learning is transferable across contexts, we will identify which outcomes are shared across countries. The study has received approval from ethical review boards (ERBs) of all partner countries in South Africa, Rwanda, Ghana, Pakistan and the University of Birmingham.

Discussion
This health system evaluation project aims to provide a deeper understanding of injury care and develop evidence-based interventions within and across partner countries in four diverse LMICs. Strong partnership with multiple stakeholders will facilitate utilisation of the results for the co-development of sustainable interventions.