bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced white matter maturation in the central auditory system of children living with HIV
Authors: Madzime Joanah , Jankiewicz Marcin , Meintjes Ernesta M. , Torre Peter , Laughton Barbara , van der Kouwe Andre J. W. , Holmes Martha 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSchool-aged children experience crucial developmental changes in white matter (WM) in adolescence. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects neurodevelopment. Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CPHIVs) demonstrate hearing and neurocognitive impairments when compared to their uninfected peers (CHUUs), but investigations into the central auditory system (CAS) WM integrity are lacking. The integration of the CAS and other brain areas is facilitated by WM fibers whose integrity may be affected in the presence of HIV, contributing to neurocognitive impairments.MethodsWe used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography to map the microstructural integrity of WM between CAS regions, including the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiation, as well as between CAS regions and non-auditory regions of 11-year-old CPHIVs. We further employed a DTI-based graph theoretical framework to investigate the nodal strength and efficiency of the CAS and other brain regions in the structural brain network of the same population. Finally, we investigated associations between WM microstructural integrity outcomes and neurocognitive outcomes related to auditory and language processing. We hypothesized that compared to the CHUU group, the CPHIV group would have lower microstructural in the CAS and related regions.ResultsOur analyses showed higher mean diffusivity (MD), a marker of axonal maturation, in the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiations, as well as WM between the CAS and non-auditory regions predominantly in frontotemporal areas. Most affected WM connections also showed higher axial and radial diffusivity (AD and RD, respectively). There were no differences in the nodal properties of the CAS regions between groups. The MD of frontotemporal and subcortical WM-connected CAS regions, including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and internal capsule showed negative associations with sequential processing in the CPHIV group but not in the CHUU group.DiscussionThe current results point to reduced axonal maturation in WM, marked by higher MD, AD, and RD, within and from the CAS. Furthermore, alterations in WM integrity were associated with sequential processing, a neurocognitive marker of auditory working memory. Our results provide insights into the microstructural integrity of the CAS and related WM in the presence of HIV and link these alterations to auditory working memory.
Artificially sweetened beverages consumption and risk of obesity-related cancers: a wide-angled Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jin Xing , Wu Mengyue , Dong Shuangshuang , Liu Hui , Ma Haochuan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe impact of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) consumption on obesity-related cancers (ORCs) risk remains controversial. To address this challenging issue, this study employed wide-angle mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the genetic causality between ASB consumption and the risk of ORCs, thereby effectively minimizing the impact of external confounders.MethodsWe conducted a suite of analyses encompassing univariable, multivariable, and two-step MR to evaluate causal associations between ASB consumption (samples = 85,852) and risk of ORCs (total samples = 2,974,770) using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Total, direct, and intermediary effects were derived by performing inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted mode, weighted median, and lasso method. Additionally, we performed an extensive range of sensitivity analyses to counteract the potential effects of confounders, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy, enhancing the robustness and reliability of the findings.ResultsGenetically predicted ASB consumption was positively associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC, p = 0.011; OR: 6.879; 95% CI: 1.551, 30.512 by IVW) and breast cancer (p = 0.022; OR: 3.881; 95% CI: 2.023, 9.776 by IVW). Multivariable analysis yielded similar results. The results of the two-step MR unveiled that body mass index (BMI) assumes a pivotal role in mediating the association between ASB consumption and CRC risk (intermediary effect = 0.068, p = 0.024).ConclusionNo causal connection exists between ASB consumption and the majority of ORCs, in addition to CRC and breast cancer. Additionally, our findings suggest that BMI might be a potential mediator in the association between ASB consumption and CRC.
EM-transcriptomic signature predicts drug response in advanced stages of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma based on ascites-derived primary cultures
Authors: Constantinescu Diana-Roxana , Sorop Andrei , Ghionescu Alina-Veronica , Lixandru Daniela , Herlea Vlad , Bacalbasa Nicolae , Dima Simona Olimpia 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) remains a medical challenge despite considerable improvements in the treatment. Unfortunately, over 75% of patients have already metastasized at the time of diagnosis. Advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying how ascites cause chemoresistance are urgently needed to derive novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to identify the molecular markers involved in drug sensitivity and highlight the use of ascites as a potential model to investigate HGSOC treatment options.Methods: After conducting an in silico analysis, eight epithelial–mesenchymal (EM)-associated genes related to chemoresistance were identified. To evaluate differences in EM-associated genes in HGSOC samples, we analyzed ascites-derived HGSOC primary cell culture (AS), tumor (T), and peritoneal nodule (NP) samples. Moreover, in vitro experiments were employed to measure tumor cell proliferation and cell migration in AS, following treatment with doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CIS) and expression of these markers.Results: Our results showed that AS exhibits a mesenchymal phenotype compared to tumor and peritoneal nodule samples. Moreover, DOX and CIS treatment leads to an invasive-intermediate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) state of the AS by different EM-associated marker expression. For instance, the treatment of AS showed that CDH1 and GATA6 decreased after CIS exposure and increased after DOX treatment. On the contrary, the expression of KRT18 has an opposite pattern.Conclusion: Taken together, our study reports a comprehensive investigation of the EM-associated genes after drug exposure of AS. Exploring ascites and their associated cellular and soluble components is promising for understanding the HGSOC progression and treatment response at a personalized level.
Study of the effect of wind angles on the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains subjected to a translating simulated tornado
Authors: Li Mu , Gan Jiankun , Zhang Yuanzhao , Wu Yecheng , Chai Bo 
Published: March 2024

The probability of high-speed trains being hit by tornadoes is increasing. Therefore, this paper studies the effect of wind angles on the aerodynamic characteristics of a high-speed train subjected to a translating simulated tornado. A small six-dimensional force/torque sensor was used to measure the aerodynamic force and moment of a high-speed train model at a reduced scale of 1:150. The models, consisting of high-speed train heads and cars with different aerodynamic shapes, displayed non-stationary characteristics in their respective aerodynamic force and moment coefficient time histories. The variation trends of the ensemble time-varying mean of the pitching moment coefficient of a high-speed train car and head, for wind angles smaller than 60° and 45°, respectively, are different from those for other wind angles. The lift force coefficient ensemble time-varying mean of the high-speed train head is asymmetrical along the longitudinal axis when the wind angle is smaller than 60°, which is different from that of the high-speed train car. The maximum values of the ensemble time-varying mean of the force and moment coefficient of the high-speed train are almost equal under different movement directions of the tornado simulator at each wind angle, which is also true for the minimum value of the force and moment coefficient of the high-speed train. The ensemble time-varying variance of the force and moment coefficient of the high-speed train model in the region of −200 mm–200 mm is greater than that in other regions. This study can contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the interaction between tornadoes and high-speed trains.
Frontiers and hotspots of high-intensity interval exercise in children and adolescents: text mining and knowledge domain visualization
Authors: Sun Fucheng 
Published: March 2024

Background:During the past two decades, research on high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in children and adolescents has steadily accumulated, especially on the subthemes of improving cardiometabolic and cardiovascular health. However, there is still little scientific understanding of using scientometric analysis to establish knowledge maps. Exploring the relationship between known and new emerging ideas and their potential value has theoretical and practical implications in the context of a researcher’s limited ability to read, analyze, and synthesize all published works.Objective:First, this study aims to provide extensive information on HIIE research in children and adolescents, including authors, institutions, countries, journals, and references. Second, the objective is to use co-occurrence, burst, and co-citation analyses based on hybrid node types to reveal hotspots and forecast frontiers for HIIE research in children and adolescents.Methods:Using the bibliographic data of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) as the data source, publications, authors, and journals were analyzed with the help of bibliometric methods and visualization tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Pajek, and Bibliometrix R package. Authorial, institutional, and national collaboration networks were plotted, along with research hotspots and research frontiers based on keyword bursts and document co-citations.Results:This study found that executive function, high-intensity interval training, heart rate variability, and insulin resistance are emerging research topics; high-intensity training, mental health, exercise intensity, and cardiometabolic risk factors are continual frontier research areas in the subthemes.Conclusion:Our study has three novel contributions. First, it explicitly and directly reflects the research history and current situation of the HIIE intervention strategy in children and adolescents. This approach makes it clear and easy to trace the origin and development of this strategy in specific groups of children and adolescents. Second, it analyzes the research hotspots of HIIE in the field and predicts the research frontiers and development trends, which will help researchers get a deeper understanding of HIIE and pediatric health research. Third, the findings will enable researchers to pinpoint the most influential scholars, institutions, journals, and references in the field, increasing the possibility of future collaborations between authors, institutions, and countries.
High-throughput UAV-based rice panicle detection and genetic mapping of heading-date-related traits
Authors: Chen Rulei , Lu Hengyun , Wang Yongchun , Tian Qilin , Zhou Congcong , Wang Ahong , Feng Qi , Gong Songfu , Zhao Qiang , Han Bin 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionRice (Oryza sativa) serves as a vital staple crop that feeds over half the world's population. Optimizing rice breeding for increasing grain yield is critical for global food security. Heading-date-related or Flowering-time-related traits, is a key factor determining yield potential. However, traditional manual phenotyping methods for these traits are time-consuming and labor-intensive.MethodHere we show that aerial imagery from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), when combined with deep learning-based panicle detection, enables high-throughput phenotyping of heading-date-related traits. We systematically evaluated various state-of-the-art object detectors on rice panicle counting and identified YOLOv8-X as the optimal detector.ResultsApplying YOLOv8-X to UAV time-series images of 294 rice recombinant inbred lines (RILs) allowed accurate quantification of six heading-date-related traits. Utilizing these phenotypes, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL), including verified loci and novel loci, associated with heading date.DiscussionOur optimized UAV phenotyping and computer vision pipeline may facilitate scalable molecular identification of heading-date-related genes and guide enhancements in rice yield and adaptation.
Linguistic markers for major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study using an automated procedure
Authors: Trifu Raluca Nicoleta , Nemeș Bogdan , Herta Dana Cristina , Bodea-Hategan Carolina , Talaș Dorina Anca , Coman Horia 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe identification of language markers, referring to both form and content, for common mental health disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), can facilitate the development of innovative tools for early recognition and prevention. However, studies in this direction are only at the beginning and are difficult to implement due to linguistic variability and the influence of cultural contexts.AimThis study aims to identify language markers specific to MDD through an automated analysis process based on RO-2015 LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count).Materials and methodsA sample of 62 medicated patients with MDD and a sample of 43 controls were assessed. Each participant provided language samples that described something that was pleasant for them.Assessment tools(1) Screening tests for MDD (MADRS and DASS-21); (2) Ro-LIWC2015 – Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count – a computerized text analysis software, validated for Romanian Language, that analyzes morphology, syntax and semantics of word use.ResultsDepressive patients use different approaches in sentence structure, and communicate in short sentences. This requires multiple use of the punctuation mark period, which implicitly requires directive communication, limited in exchange of ideas. Also, participants from the sample with depression mostly use impersonal pronouns, first person pronoun in plural form – not singular, a limited number of prepositions and an increased number of conjunctions, auxiliary verbs, negations, verbs in the past tense, and much less in the present tense, increased use of words expressing negative affects, anxiety, with limited use of words indicating positive affects. The favorite topics of interest of patients with depression are leisure, time and money.ConclusionDepressive patients use a significantly different language pattern than people without mood or behavioral disorders, both in form and content. These differences are sometimes associated with years of education and sex, and might also be explained by cultural differences.
Exploring key job demands and resources in Norwegian child mental health services: a cross-sectional study of associations with and relationship between compassion satisfaction, burnout, secondary traumatic stress and turnover intention
Authors: Aminihajibashi Samira , Jensen Tine K. , Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundBurnout, secondary traumatic stress, and high turnover rates among child mental health clinicians are a challenge, not only for the individual therapist and the organization but also for the successful implementation of evidence-based practices. However, little is known about which and how job-and implementation-related factors are associated with burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and turnover intention as well as compassion satisfaction among child therapists. In the present study, we aimed to explore these factors and related mechanisms by integrating the “professional quality of life” and the “job demands-resources” models of occupational health.MethodsWe measured the perceived professional quality of life and turnover intention among a national sample of 256 therapists working in Norwegian Child and Adolescence Mental Health Clinics (n = 44) that implemented Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT). Seventeen Job-and implementation-related resources and demands were also measured using the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work and the Implementation Component Questionnaire. Path analysis was used to test whether burnout and compassion satisfaction mediate the relationship between job demands and resources on one hand, and secondary traumatic stress and turnover intention on the other hand.Results and discussionResults revealed that two job resources, i.e., positive challenges at work and mastery of work, were significant predictors of all professional outcomes. The proposed model was only partly supported. That is, while burnout did mediate the relationship between some job demands (i.e., work-family interference and role conflict) and job resources (i.e., human resource primacy, positive challenges, and mastery of work) with secondary traumatic stress and turnover intention, compassion satisfaction did not mediate the relationship between job resources and turnover intention. Moreover, in addition to their indirect effects via burnout, role conflict and organizational climate (human resource primacy) also directly affected turnover intention. These findings propose that interventions that reduce burnout should be prioritized to improve the professional quality of life and turnover intention among child therapists. Theoretically, it seems that compassion satisfaction and work engagement act differently.
Immunosuppressive strategies in face and hand transplantation: a comprehensive systematic review of current therapy regimens and outcomes
Authors: Huelsboemer Lioba , Boroumand Sam , Kochen Alejandro , Dony Alna , Moscarelli Jake , Hauc Sacha C. , Stögner Viola A. , Formica Richard N. , Pomahac Bohdan , Kauke-Navarro Martin 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundRecipients of Vascularized Composite Allotransplants require effective immunosuppressive therapy to prevent graft rejection. This systematic review summarizes the current body of literature on immunosuppressive regimens used in face and hand transplants while summarizing their outcome in terms of rejection, renal failure, and infections.MethodsA systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies from 1998 until July 1st, 2023. We included all studies that discussed immunosuppressive strategies in face and hand transplant recipients according to PRISMA.ResultsThe standard triple maintenance therapy was mostly adjusted due to nephrotoxicity or high incidence of rejection. The most common alternative treatments utilized were sirolimus (25/91; 27.5%) or everolimus (9/91; 9.9%) following hand- and photophoresis (7/45; 15.6%), sirolimus (5/45; 11.1%) or belatacept (1/45; 2.2%) following face transplantation. Episodes of rejection were reported in 60 (65.9%) of hand- and 33 (73%) of face transplant patients respectively. Graft loss of 12 (13.2%) hand and 4 (8.9%) face transplants was reported. Clinical CMV infection was observed in 6 (6.6%) hand and 7 (15.5%) face transplant recipients.ConclusionsBased on the herein presented data, facial grafts exhibited a heightened incidence of rejection episodes and CMV infections. Facial mucosa adds complexity to the immunological graft composition highlighting the need of individualized immunosuppressive regimens and further research.
Roadmap to safety: a single center study of evidence-informed approach to placenta accreta spectrum
Authors: Levy Rachel A. , Diala Prisca C. , Rothschild Harriet T. , Correa Jasmine , Lehrman Evan , Markley John C. , Poder Liina , Rabban Joseph , Chen Lee-may , Gras Jo , Sobhani Nasim C. , Cassidy Arianna G. , Chapman Jocelyn S. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of an evidence-informed protocol for management of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent cesarean hysterectomy (c-hyst) for suspected PAS from 2012 to 2022 at a single tertiary care center. Perioperative outcomes were compared pre- and post-implementation of a standardized Multidisciplinary Approach to the Placenta Service (MAPS) protocol, which incorporates evidence-informed perioperative interventions including preoperative imaging and group case review. Intraoperatively, the MAPS protocol includes placement of ureteral stents, possible placental mapping with ultrasound, and uterine artery embolization by interventional radiology. Patients suspected to have PAS on prenatal imaging who underwent c-hyst were included in the analysis. Primary outcomes were intraoperative complications and postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes were blood loss, need for ICU, and length of stay. Proportions were compared using Fisher's exact test, and continuous variables were compared used t-tests and Mood's Median test.ResultsThere were no differences in baseline demographics between the pre- (n = 38) and post-MAPS (n = 34) groups. The pre-MAPS group had more placenta previa (95% pre- vs. 74% post-MAPS, p = 0.013) and prior cesarean sections (2 prior pre- vs. 1 prior post-MAPS, p = 0.012). The post-MAPS group had more severe pathology (PAS Grade 3 8% pre- vs. 47% post-MAPS, p = 0.001). There were fewer intraoperative complications (39% pre- vs.3% post-MAPS, p &lt; 0.001), postoperative complications (32% pre- vs.12% post-MAPS, p = 0.043), hemorrhages &gt;1l (95% pre- vs.65% post-MAPS, p = 0.001), ICU admissions (59% pre- vs.35% post-MAPS, p = 0.04) and shorter hospital stays (10 days pre- vs.7 days post-MAPS, p = 0.02) in the post-MAPS compared to pre-MAPS patients. Neonatal length of stay was 8 days longer in the post-MAPS group (9 days pre- vs. 17 days post-MAPS, p = 0.03). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that ureteral stent placement and uterine artery embolization (UAE) may be important steps to reduce complications and ICU admissions. When comparing just those who underwent UAE, patients in the post-MAPS group experienced fewer hemorrhages greater five liters (EBL &gt;5l 43% pre- vs.4% post-MAPS, p = 0.007).ConclusionAn evidence-informed approach to management of PAS was associated with decreased complication rate, EBL &gt;1l, ICU admission and length of hospitalization, particularly for patients with severe pathology.