bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What can pediatricians learn from adult inherited metabolic diseases?
Authors: Mochel Fanny 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe field of inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) has initially emerged and developed over decades in pediatric departments. Still, today, about 50% of patients with IMD are adults, and adult metabolic medicine (AMM) is getting more structured at national and international levels. There are several domains in which pediatricians can learn from AMM. First, long‐term evolution of IMD patients, especially those treated since childhood, is critical to determine nutritional and neuropsychiatric outcomes in adults so that these outcomes can be better monitored, and patient care adjusted as much as possible from childhood. Conversely, the observation of attenuated phenotypes in adults of IMD known to present with severe phenotypes in children calls for caution in the development of newborn screening programs and, more largely, in the interpretation of next‐generation sequencing data. Third, it is important for pediatricians to be familiar with adult‐onset IMD as they expand our understanding of metabolism, including in children, such as oxysterols and glycogen metabolism. Last, the identification of common molecular and cellular mechanisms in neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration opens the way to synergistic therapeutic developments that will benefit both fields of pediatric and adult medicine. Overall, these observations underline the need of strong interdisciplinarity between pediatricians and adult specialists for the diagnosis and the treatment of IMD well beyond the issues of patient transition from pediatric to adult medicine.
Evolution of wind speed observed in Brazil between 1961 and 2020
Authors: Lima Gizelly Cardoso , Rodrigues Daniele Tôrres , Santos E Silva Cláudio Moisés , de Sousa Costa Patrícia Catarine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study's main objective was to analyse daily wind speed data in Brazil collected on‐site from 1961 to 2020 and assess changes in two 30‐year climatological normals, denoted as P1 and P2. Data were sourced from 54 INMET‐managed meteorological stations, with missing data filled using the bootstrap expectation maximization algorithm. Imputation performance was evaluated, and results suggested that the 10% imputed level was most reliable, showing low RMSE values (below 0.5), SD values near 1, and r values exceeding 0.93. This method proved suitable for reconstructing historical wind speed data in Brazil. The analysis included the application of the Mann–Kendall test to detect linear trends and Sen's slope test to quantify trend intensity, both at a 5% significance level. Positive trends during P2 were observed in the Amazon basin and Brazil's semiarid region, while negative trends increased along the coast and in the Southeast region. Average wind speeds during P1 were higher than in P2. Comparing the two climatological normals revealed significant positive trends in some regions during P2, with an increase in average monthly variation of up to 0.85 m·s−1. The average slopes of significant trends were −1 and 1 m·s−1·decade−1 for all periods. The results indicated high wind magnitudes, with maximum power density of 778.08 W·m−2 for the NEB region, 170.90 W·m−2 for the SEB region and 401.67 W·m−2 for the SUB, making these regions promising for future wind power projects. These findings have the potential to enhance the optimization of renewable wind energy generation in Brazil.
Use of the dummy approach for the synthesis of ion imprinted polymers with Ni(II) or Zn(II) as template ion for the solid‐phase extraction of Cu(II)
Authors: Cao Pengchao , Pichon Valérie , Dreanno Catherine , Boukerma Kada , Delaunay Nathalie 
Published: March 2024

There is a strong interest in monitoring copper in environmental waters, but its direct analysis suffers from strong matrix interferences. This is why, a sample pretreatment based on solid‐phase extraction (SPE) is often used but conventional sorbents usually lack specificity. It is overcome with ion‐imprinted polymers (IIPs). This work evaluates for the first time the use of the dummy approach for the synthesis of Cu(II)‐targeting IIPs. Two analog ions Ni(II) and Zn(II) were tested as templates and the resulting IIPs were packed in SPE cartridges. The SPE procedure was designed by optimizing a washing step following the sample percolation, to eliminate the interfering ions retained on the IIP by non‐specific interactions. To optimize the washing step, solutions at different pH or containing tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane as a complexing agent at different concentrations were tested and combined. Zn‐IIP appeared more promising than Ni‐IIP, showing excellent specificity and a high selectivity. Its retention capacity was determined to be 100 µg/g, and different isotherm models were evaluated to fit with the adsorption data. Finally, applications to mineral and sea waters were successfully completed and led to high and repeatable extraction recoveries for Cu(II) (88 ± 1% and 83 ± 3%, respectively).
Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α contributes to the proliferation of cholesteatoma keratinocytes through regulating endothelin converting enzyme 1 expression
Authors: Chen Nie , Xu Lei , Bi Zhi , Wu Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveCholesteatoma is a hyperproliferative, pseudoneoplastic lesion of the middle ear characterized by aggressive growth and bone destruction. Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α, also known as HIF1A) is a key transcription factor that enters the nucleus and upregulates many genes involved in cancer progression in the oxygen‐free environment. This study is designed to explore the role and mechanism of HIF1A in the progression of cholesteatoma.MethodsHIF1A and endothelin converting enzyme 1 (ECE1) levels were determined using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of HIF1A, Cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and ECE1 were measured using western blot. Cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle progression were analyzed using cell counting kit‐8, Colony formation, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine, and flow cytometry assays. Binding between HIF‐1α and ECE1 promoter was predicted by Jaspar and verified using Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual‐luciferase reporter assays.ResultsHIF1A and ECE1 were highly expressed in cholesteatoma patients and keratinocytes. Moreover, HIF1A knockdown might suppress the cell viability, proliferation, and cycle progression of cholesteatoma keratinocytes. Furthermore, HIF1A upregulated the transcription of ECE1 through binding to its promoter region.ConclusionHIF1A might expedite cholesteatoma keratinocyte proliferation partly by increasing ECE1 expression, providing a possible therapeutic target for the cholesteatoma treatment.
The relationship between cleft palate repair technique and audiological outcomes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kazemi Tayebeh , Nabavizadeh Sara S. , Nadjmi Nasser , Ahmadkhani Alireza , Ghaemmaghami Parvin , Kafaei Ardavan , Faramarzi Ali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveOtitis media with effusion is common in children with cleft palates. This study aimed to investigate the link between palatal closure techniques and audiological outcomes.MethodsIn this retrospective‐prospective cohort study, we examined the relationship between palate repair techniques and hearing outcomes in children with cleft palates. From 2017 to 2022, 190 ears of 95 cleft patients were studied at the Cleft Lip and Palate Department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Variables assessed included the surgical technique, cleft severity, auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold, and tympanometry configuration.ResultsThe mean ABR improved from a prepalatoplasty value of 39.51(11.62) decibels (dB) to a postpalatoplasty mean of 26.61(11.60) dB (Cohen's d: 1.12 [95% CI; 0.90–1.34]). Initially, 87.9% of the studied ears exhibited abnormal tympanometry, but this significantly decreased to 47% postsurgery (risk ratio: 4.43 [95% CI; 1.20–16.43]). When compared with Sommerlad intravelar veloplasty, the Nadjmi modified Furlow palatoplasty was associated with a notably lower mean ABR (β: −6.58 [95% CI: −10.43 to −2.73], p‐value = .001) and a reduced frequency of abnormal tympanometry (odds ratio [OR]: −1.10; 95% CI: −1.85 to −0.36, p‐value = .004). Factors like prepalatoplasty ABR, cleft palate severity, gender, and syndromic did not confound these findings.ConclusionsAlthough the Nadjmi modified Furlow palatoplasty showed better results, our findings indicate a significant improvement in ABR and tympanometry outcomes for both techniques. Future randomized controlled trials are suggested to confirm the influence of palatal closure techniques on audiological outcomes.Level of Evidence3b.
Double Cross‐Linked Polyisobutylene‐Based Polyurethane (xPIB‐PU) I: Synthesis, Processing, and Properties
Authors: Nugay Turgut , Kurnaz Elif , Naficy Sina , Kennedy Joseph P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis publication concerns the synthesis of a novel class of hybrid thermoset/thermoplastic elastomers, i.e., double cross‐linked polyisobutylene‐based polyurethanes (xPIB‐PUs), together with their processing and some key properties. These materials are designed to exhibit a combination of properties for indwelling medical applications, specifically for heart valve prostheses. The chemical cross‐links are introduced by well‐defined 3‐arm PIB stars fitted with HO‐end groups of molecular weights (MWs) of Mn = 3081 and 9000 g mole−1 and narrow MW dispersities (<1.3). Processibility of xPIB‐PU containing 70 wt% PIB (for biocompatibility and calcification resistance) is achieved by driving the syntheses to high conversions (>97%) close to but still below the gel point and completing the cross‐linking in heated molds. The processibility period (minutes) is controlled by controlling the MW of the cross‐linking agent in the 3081 to 9000 g mole−1 range. Blends of 3‐arm stars and linear bifunctional PIBs can also control the processibility period. The creep resistance of xPIB‐PU is significantly improved (from 13.2% to 5.5%) relative to physically cross‐linked PIB‐PU. xPIB‐PUs exhibit negligible permanent set (1–2%), and high Young's modulus (41 MPa). The stress/strain properties of xPIB‐PUs are also investigated. The data clearly show the contribution of two modes of cross‐linking.
Second‐order trace formulas
Authors: Chattopadhyay Arup , Das Soma , Pradhan Chandan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKoplienko [Sib. Mat. Zh. 25 (1984), 62–71; English transl. in Siberian Math. J. 25 (1984), 735–743] found a trace formula for perturbations of self‐adjoint operators by operators of Hilbert–Schmidt class . Later, Neidhardt introduced a similar formula in the case of pairs of unitaries via multiplicative path in [Math. Nachr. 138 (1988), 7–25]. In 2012, Potapov and Sukochev [Comm. Math. Phys. 309 (2012), no. 3, 693–702] obtained a trace formula like the Koplienko trace formula for pairs of contractions by answering an open question posed by Gesztesy, Pushnitski, and Simon [Zh. Mat. Fiz. Anal. Geom. 4 (2008), no. 1, 63–107, 202; Open Question 11.2]. In this paper, we supply a new proof of the Koplienko trace formula in the case of pairs of contractions , where the initial operator is normal, via linear path by reducing the problem to a finite‐dimensional one as in the proof of Krein's trace formula by Voiculescu [Oper. Theory Adv. Appl. 24 (1987) 329–332] and Sinha and Mohapatra [Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Math. Sci. 104 (1994), no. 4, 819–853] and [Integral Equations Operator Theory 24 (1996), no. 3, 285–297]. Consequently, we obtain the Koplienko trace formula for a class of pairs of contractions using the Schäffer matrix unitary dilation. Moreover, we also obtain the Koplienko trace formula for a pair of self‐adjoint operators and maximal dissipative operators using the Cayley transform. At the end, we extend the Koplienko–Neidhardt trace formula for a class of pairs of contractions via multiplicative path using the finite‐dimensional approximation method.
On rank 3 instanton bundles on P3$\mathbb {P}^3$
Authors: Andrade A. V. , Santiago D. R. , Silva D. D. , Sobral L. C. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate rank 3 instanton vector bundles on of charge and its correspondence with rational curves of degree . For , we present a correspondence between stable rank 3 instanton bundles and stable rank 2 reflexive linear sheaves of Chern classes and we use this correspondence to compute the dimension of the family of stable rank 3 instanton bundles of charge 2. Finally, we use the results above to prove that the moduli space of rank 3 instanton bundles on of charge 2 coincides with the moduli space of rank 3 stable locally free sheaves on of Chern classes . This moduli space is irreducible, has dimension 16 and its generic point corresponds to a generalized't Hooft instanton bundle.
Uniform bounds of families of analytic semigroups and Lyapunov Linear Stability of planar fronts
Authors: Latushkin Yuri , Pogan Alin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study families of analytic semigroups, acting on a Banach space, and depending on a parameter, and give sufficient conditions for existence of uniform with respect to the parameter norm bounds using spectral properties of the respective semigroup generators. In particular, we use estimates of the resolvent operators of the generators along vertical segments to estimate the growth/decay rate of the norm for the family of analytic semigroups. These results are applied to prove the Lyapunov linear stability of planar traveling waves of systems of reaction–diffusion equations, and the bidomain equation, important in electrophysiology.
The W(E6)$W(E_6)$‐invariant birational geometry of the moduli space of marked cubic surfaces
Authors: Schock Nolan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe moduli space of marked cubic surfaces is one of the most classical moduli spaces in algebraic geometry, dating back to the nineteenth‐century work of Cayley and Salmon. Modern interest in was restored in the 1980s by Naruki's explicit construction of a ‐equivariant smooth projective compactification of , and in the 2000s by Hacking, Keel, and Tevelev's construction of the Kollár–Shepherd‐Barron–Alexeev (KSBA) stable pair compactification of as a natural sequence of blowups of . We describe generators for the cones of ‐invariant effective divisors and curves of both and . For Naruki's compactification , we further obtain a complete stable base locus decomposition of the ‐invariant effective cone, and as a consequence find several new ‐equivariant birational models of . Furthermore, we fully describe the log minimal model program for the KSBA compactification , with respect to the divisor , where is the boundary and is the sum of the divisors parameterizing marked cubic surfaces with Eckardt points.
Signatures of microstructure in gradient‐echo and spin‐echo signals
Authors: Storey Pippa , Novikov Dmitry S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether the spatial scale and magnetic susceptibility of microstructure can be evaluated robustly from the decay of gradient‐echo and spin‐echo signals.Theory and MethodsGradient‐echo and spin‐echo images were acquired from suspensions of spherical polystyrene microbeads of 10, 20, and 40 μm nominal diameter. The sizes of the beads and their magnetic susceptibility relative to the medium were estimated from the signal decay curves, using a lookup table generated from Monte Carlo simulations and an analytic model based on the Gaussian phase approximation.ResultsFitting Monte Carlo predictions to spin‐echo data yielded acceptable estimates of microstructural parameters for the 20 and 40 μm microbeads. Using gradient‐echo data, the Monte Carlo lookup table provided satisfactory parameter estimates for the 20 μm beads but unstable results for the diameter of the largest beads. Neither spin‐echo nor gradient‐echo data allowed accurate parameter estimation for the smallest beads. The analytic model performed poorly over all bead sizes.ConclusionsMicrostructural sources of magnetic susceptibility produce distinctive non‐exponential signatures in the decay of gradient‐echo and spin‐echo signals. However, inverting the problem to extract microstructural parameters from the signals is nontrivial and, in certain regimes, ill‐conditioned. For microstructure with small characteristic length scales, parameter estimation is hampered by the difficulty of acquiring accurate data at very short echo times. For microstructure with large characteristic lengths, the gradient‐echo signal approaches the static‐dephasing regime, where it becomes insensitive to size. Applicability of the analytic model was further limited by failure of the Gaussian phase approximation for all but the smallest beads.
An exploration of low back pain beliefs held by health care professionals in Northern America
Authors: Ray B. Michael , Washington Leah , Thompson Bronwyn Lennox , Kelleran Kyle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrior research demonstrated that people in the United States and Canada (Northern America) hold predominantly biomedical beliefs about Low back pain (LBP); such beliefs were attributed to healthcare professionals (HCP). Further investigation is needed to understand HCP' LBP beliefs, preferred management strategies, and sources of beliefs.MethodsParticipants were recruited via social media to complete a qualitative cross‐sectional online survey. The survey was distributed to assess LBP beliefs in a U.S. and Canadian‐based clinician population. Participants answered questions about the cause of LBP, reasons for recurrence or persistence, use of imaging, management strategies, and sources of beliefs. Responses were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis.ResultsOne hundred and sixty three participants were included, reporting multiple causes for LBP. However, many references were anchored to biological problems. When psychological variables were mentioned, it typically involved patient blaming. Like prior research studies, minimal attention was given to societal and environmental influences. Management strategies often aligned with guideline care except for the recommendation of inappropriate imaging and a reliance on passive interventions.ConclusionsThese findings align with prior research studies on general population beliefs, demonstrating a preference for biological causes of LBP. Further updates are needed for clinical education, while future studies should seek to assess the translation of clinician beliefs into clinical practice and health system constraints.
Recurrent neural network‐based simultaneous cardiac T1, T2, and T1ρ mapping
Authors: Tao Yiming , Lv Zhenfeng , Liu Wenjian , Qi Haikun , Hu Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to explore the feasibility of training a deep neural network to accelerate the process of generating T1, T2, and T1ρ maps for a recently proposed free‐breathing cardiac multiparametric mapping technique, where a recurrent neural network (RNN) was utilized to exploit the temporal correlation among the multicontrast images. The RNN‐based model was developed for rapid and accurate T1, T2, and T1ρ estimation. Bloch simulation was performed to simulate a dataset of more than 10 million signals and time correspondences with different noise levels for network training. The proposed RNN‐based method was compared with a dictionary‐matching method and a conventional mapping method to evaluate the model's effectiveness in phantom and in vivo studies at 3 T, respectively. In phantom studies, the RNN‐based method and the dictionary‐matching method achieved similar accuracy and precision in T1, T2, and T1ρ estimations. In in vivo studies, the estimated T1, T2, and T1ρ values obtained by the two methods achieved similar accuracy and precision for 10 healthy volunteers (T1: 1228.70 ± 53.80 vs. 1228.34 ± 52.91 ms, p > 0.1; T2: 40.70 ± 2.89 vs. 41.19 ± 2.91 ms, p > 0.1; T1ρ: 45.09 ± 4.47 vs. 45.23 ± 4.65 ms, p > 0.1). The RNN‐based method can generate cardiac multiparameter quantitative maps simultaneously in just 2 s, achieving 60‐fold acceleration compared with the dictionary‐matching method. The RNN‐accelerated method offers an almost instantaneous approach for reconstructing accurate T1, T2, and T1ρ maps, being much more efficient than the dictionary‐matching method for the free‐breathing multiparametric cardiac mapping technique, which may pave the way for inline mapping in clinical applications.
An a posteriori error analysis for an augmented discontinuous Galerkin method applied to Stokes problem
Authors: Barrios Tomás P. , Bustinza Rommel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with the a posteriori error analysis for an augmented mixed discontinuous formulation for the stationary Stokes problem. By considering an appropriate auxiliary problem, we derive an a posteriori error estimator. We prove that this estimator is reliable and locally efficient, and consists of just five residual terms. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical properties of the augmented discontinuous scheme as well as of the estimator. They also show the capability of the corresponding adaptive algorithm to localize the singularities and the large stress regions of the solution.
Environmental Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Biomarkers for Hearing Loss: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Xu Xianpeng , Liao Yiru , Zhang Lihong , He Yu , Zhang Ying , Xiong Dajing , Xie Hui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the potential environmental risk factors, protective factors, and biomarkers of hearing loss (HL), and establish a hierarchy of evidence.Data SourcesEmbase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science electronic database from inception to June 1, 2023.Review MethodsWe included meta‐analyses of observational studies of associations between HL and environmental risk factors, protective factors, or biomarkers. We calculated summary effect estimates, 95% confidence interval, heterogeneity I2 statistic, 95% prediction interval, small study effects, and excess significance biases.ResultsOf the 9211 articles retrieved, 60 eligible articles were included. The 60 eligible articles identified 47 potential environmental risk and protective factors (N = 4,123,803) and 46 potential biomarkers (N = 173,701). Evidence of association was convincing (class I) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and every 1 cm increase in height. Evidence of association was highly suggestive (class II) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes, cumulative noise exposure (CNE), smoking, congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, combined exposure to organic solvents and noise, non‐Gaussian noise exposure, each 1 kg increase in birth weight, noise exposure, and alopecia areata (AA).ConclusionIn this umbrella review, RA, every 1 cm increase in height, HIV, diabetes, CNE, smoking, congenital CMV infection, combined exposure to organic solvents and noise, non‐Gaussian noise exposure, each 1 kg increase in birth weight, noise exposure, and AA were strongly associated with HL.
The effect of academic freedom on electoral democracy in the Asian region
Authors: Kumara Ajantha Sisira , Samaratunge Ramanie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how academic freedom influences electoral democracy in 44 Asian nations drawing on country‐wide panel data (2000–2019) obtained from the Varieties of Democracy (V‐Dem)‐2022. For its analytical framework, this study employs dynamic panel regression models. The Asian region, which represents the world's largest and most economically dynamic democracies, is an interesting research site to investigate this nexus due to the region's long‐term struggle to achieve its democratic aspirations. The study finds that the current‐level of electoral democracy in Asian countries is significantly associated with their antecedent level of academic freedom. Moreover, the results reveal that it takes approximately 7 years for academic freedom to yield a significant impact on electoral democracy. These results are robust across different sets of model specifications, sub‐samples, and definitions of academic freedom.