bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorineural hearing loss in the unoperated‐on otosclerotic ear
Authors: Duvall Michael B. , Caparosa Ralph J. , Bailey H. A. Ted 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSevere sensorineural hearing loss occurs in less than 1% of stapedectomized ears.1−2 This low percentage remains as an irreducible minimum even among the most experienced and competent surgeons. The etiology has been hypothesized; however, the actual cause remains unknown.The rare occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss of undetermined etiology in the un‐operated‐on side was reported first in 1967 by Armstrong3 who presented a series of three patients. No other references have been found since this initial report.Recently three unilateral stapedectomized patients who developed sudden severe sensorineural hearing loss in the unoperated‐on ear were studied during the years 1971 through 1979. The hearing loss occurred within 1 week, 6 weeks, and 12 years postoperatively. Although the number is small, a study of this group, in addition to Armstrong's, leads to several interesting considerations:
Is the incidence of sudden sensorineural type hearing loss greater, the same as, or less than that which develops in the non‐otosclerotic general population?
Is there a possibility that the sudden sensorineural hearing loss of undetermined origin would occur at the time of surgery? Would this then be considered as a predisposing if not the actual etiology?
The present series of six cases is so small that a conclusion is not possible and inference is only conjecture. It is hoped, however, that this may stimulate past, present, and future search for this unusual occurrence. This may help determine whether or not there is a causal or merely a coincidental relationship.
Spontaneous return of facial motion following seventh cranial nerve resection
Authors: Norris C. W. , Proud G. O. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFour patients who had undergone operative procedures, wherein substantial segments of the VIIth cranial nerve had been resected, experienced some degree of reanimation of the muscles of expression despite the fact that no restitutive measures were employed. The site of insult was in the face in two; the temporal bone in one; and the fourth occurred in the cerebellopontine angle.Teeth‐clenching and grimacing were practiced before a mirror by each subject, and one wonders if “re‐education” of dormant trigeminal nerve fibers might have facilitated the rehabilitation which was achieved.
Panel dicussion: The management of advanced laryngotracheal stenosis. Composite nasal septal graft in the management of advanced laryngotracheal stenosis
Authors: Toohill Robert J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractReconstruction of the larynx and trachea is most often needed after conventional methods of repair have failed. The advanced stenotic lesion can be adequately corrected with a composite nasal septal graft in a one stage procedure. Severe glottic stenosis from crush injuries or following partial laryngectomy, subglottic stenosis, and high tracheal stenosis are most amenable to this type of reconstruction. The surgical technique is presented, and six cases of clinical utilization are reviewed.
Biochemical and cytogenetic techniques for the study of communication disorders
Authors: Kimberling William J. , Brookhouser Patrick E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAt least 30 to 40% of all childhood communication disorders are thought to be genetic in etiology. These range from well‐defined entities such as the Treacher Collins and Waardenburg syndromes to such a poorly delineated problem as reading disability. Genetics, in the past, has proved to be a powerful tool in predicting families at risk for having a child with a serious disorder. New techniques in biochemical and cytogenetics are now making feasible the early detection of individuals at high risk for developing certain disorders with the implied potential for prevention or amelioration of the resultant disability through early intervention.
Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cholesteatoma
Authors: Brook Itzhak 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCholesteatoma specimens were obtained from 28 patients undergoing surgery for chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. All specimens were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Bacterial growth was present in specimens of 24 of the 28 patients. A total of 74 bacterial isolates were present (40 aerobes and 34 anaerobes). Aerobes alone were isolated from 8 (33.3%) of culture positive patients, 4 patients (26.7%) yielded only anaerobes, and 12 (50%) had both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Fifty isolates (27 aerobes and 23 anaerobes) were present in a concentration > 100 CFU/gm. The most commonly isolated aerobic organisms were P. aeruginosa (9), Proteus sp. (7), K. pneumoniae (5), S. aureus (5), and E. coli (4). The anaerobic bacteria most commonly isolated were gram‐positive anaerobic cocci (12), Bacteroides sp. (12, including 5 B. fragilis group), Clostridium sp. (3), and Bifidobacterium sp. (3). The above findings indicate the polymicrobial aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cholesteatoma.
Auditory brain stem responses in cerebellopontine angle tumors
Authors: Shanon Eliahu , Gold Shlomit , Himelfarb Mordechai Z. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe characteristic features of auditory brain stem responses (ABSR) are described in seven cases of cerebellopontine angle tumors: five acoustic neuromas, one congenital cholesteatoma, and one meningioma.An attempt is made to correlate the N1 response with the degree of auditory nerve involvement, to gain information about the presence of brain stem displacement, and to evaluate the cranial extension of the lesion by recording responses to contralateral stimuli. The empirical nature of deductions based on crossed stimulation is emphasized.In tumors originating from the VIIIth nerve, the ABSR pattern is characterized by a well‐defined N1 complex, indistinct or absent additional responses, and prolonged brain stem conduction time (BSCT) on the affected side whenever its assessment is feasible. Recording from the affected side on stimulation of the contralateral side may show normal responses from stations central to the auditory nerve in cases of small‐sized tumors. Medium or large tumors may be accompanied by abnormal N2 and/or N3 responses suggesting involvement of these stations.
Posterior packs and the nasopulmonary reflex
Authors: Jacobs John R. , Levine Laurence A. , Davis Harmon , Lefrak Stephen S. , Druck Norman S. , Ogura Joseph H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIncreased mortality and arterial hypoxemia have long been associated with posterior nasal packs placed for control of severe epistaxis. Several authors have postulated a nasopulmonary reflex to partially explain this clinically observed phenomenon. In ten young, healthy subjects, using a multiparameter pulmonary evaluation, posterior nasal packs were placed and no significant changes were observed in lung volumes, flow, and alveolar gas exchange, especially oxygenation. These findings suggest that aspiration, sedation, and degeneration of pulmonary function with age, not a nasopulmonary reflex, have not been adequately emphasized in previously performed studies.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An evaluation of 209 patients
Authors: Dickson Robert I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA unique racially balanced North American series of 209 Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma will be presented. The patients were 49% Chinese and 51% non‐Chinese (predominantly Caucasian). Whereas Chinese born in China had a 117.9 times greater incidence of the disease. North American born Chinese showed only a 7.3 times greater incidence than Caucasians. Five year absolute (NED) survival was 25.6% for Chinese and 32% for non‐Chinese. Other racial differences are also discussed.Two four‐year‐old patients with definite nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the youngest in the literature, are included in the study.Survival and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma depends on tumor histology, initial stage of disease, dose of radiation and pre‐irradiation node biopsy.Five year absolute survivals for different histologies were; lymphoepithelioma 52.4%, non‐keratinizing squamous cell 31.5% and keratinizing squamous cell 16.3%. The overall 5 year absolute survival for the series was 29%. When initial primary disease was localized to the nasopharynx (T0, T1, T2) with or without mobile nodes (N0, N1, N2) the survival rose to 41%. Cases treated with 6000 rads or more primarily had the best survival results. Pre‐irradiation node biopsy consistently resulted in poorer survival. When the nodes were mobile (N1, N2) the survival rate was 46.9% 5 year NED in the non‐biopsied group and 25% 5 year NED when nodes were excised prior to primary irradiation therapy.
Long custom‐made plastic tracheostomy tube in severe tracheomalacia
Authors: Shapiro Robert S. , Martin W. Maurice 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTracheomalacia occasionally occurs after repair of esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula. It is usually mild, and tracheostomy is rarely necessary. In severe cases of tracheomalacia after repair of esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula, the tracheomalacia may extend below the tip of a regular plastic tracheostomy tube. A patient with just such a problem is presented. A custom‐made long plastic tracheostomy tube was designed. A method of gluing the upper portion of a standard plastic tracheostomy tube to an uncuffed thin‐walled polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tube was discovered and the technique is described in detail. The literature is reviewed concerning custom‐made long plastic tracheostomy tubes, and tracheomalacia in relation to esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula.
Acoustic neurinoma in a population of noise exposed workers
Authors: Miller Maurice H. , Doyle Thomas J. , Geier Susan R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRegulations from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration require the performance of audiometric tests on workers exposed to potentially hazardous noise levels. These tests are frequently performed by Occupational Hearing Conservationists who have taken a 20‐hour course based on recommendations of the Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation.Unless audiograms performed by such personnel are promptly reviewed and appropriate referral to specialists made, significant and potentially life‐threatening otic disease may go undetected. This paper reports a series of workers with acoustic tumors initially detected by an Occupational Hearing Conservation Program. It is dangerous to assume that the hearing loss and tinnitus reported by noise‐exposed workers is necessarily the result of workplace noise exposure.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage following formalin infiltration of ductus arteriosus
Authors: Seibert Robert W. , Seibert Joanna J. , Norton J. B. , Williams Doyne 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFormalin infiltration of the ductus arteriosus, a recent palliative procedure in neonates with certain congenital cardiac defects, has been shown to result in delayed left recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. Implication for the airway and later management are discussed.
Local immune system in the developing fetal larynx
Authors: Nakashima Tadashi , Makishima Kazumi , Komiyama Sohtaro , Takeda Kazuo , Hiroto Ikuichiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUsing histopathological and immunofluorescent techniques, we investigated the development of the glandular system of the larynx from 12 human fetuses. Glandular buds were first observed at the fourth month of gestation and glandular distribution became evident from the fifth month in the larynx. Ciliated or nonciliated epithelium covered the cavity of the larynx, with the exception of the true vocal cord. Immunofluorescent examination revealed the presence of IgG in the fetal larynx, but there was little fluorescence for IgA, IgM and IgE. Secretory component (SC) synthesis, on the other hand, was found in each serous‐type glandular epithelium or acinus from the fourth month on. Our observations suggest that the local immune system by SC, which binds to IgA as SIgA in human laryngeal mucosa, is inherently acquired in the fetal larynx.
Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura‐like syndrome in a patient with head and neck cancer
Authors: Jubelirer Steven J. , Goodloe‐Greens Lynn , Deykin Daniel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe report a case of presumed autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the neck. A review of the literature on the association of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and solid tumors is presented. Autoimmune‐like thrombocytopenia should be considered when patients with head and neck carcinoma present with an acute hemorrhagic diathesis.
Hereditary angioedema: Association with IgA deficiency and otolaryngologic disorders
Authors: Bond William R. , Herrod Henry G. , Duberstein Larry E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent edema of the oropharynx, the extremities, and by abdominal pain This disorder is caused by a defect in the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) which inhibits the first component of complement (C1). Four generations of a family are described and laboratory data of five individuals of this family are given as these individuals presented for general otolaryngologic procedures. The mortality of acute laryngeal edema is described to vary from 6% to 54% and may necessitate a tracheotomy as a life saving measure A deficiency of IgA is also noted in this family, and to our knowledge, this is the first time this has been shown in association with HAE. Present therapy consists of long utilization of danazol, an attenuated androgen. Recently a partially purified C1 INH has been reported for acute episodes of HAE, and preliminary results are promising.
Computerized axial tomography with air contrast of the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal.
Authors: Anderson Robert , Diehl Jan , Maravilla Kenneth , Fancher James , Schaefer Steven 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe introduction of computerized axial tomography (C.T.) in 1973 completely changed the diagnostic evaluation of acoustic neuromas. Seventy to eighty percent of all acoustic neuromas can be diagnosed with intravenous enhanced C.T. scan. Acoustic tumors with a diameter of less than 1.5 cm., however, are not consistently seen on C.T. scan. Twenty‐six consecutive patients were evaluated by C.T. scan with air contrast posterior fossa myelography (C.T. air cisternography). Nineteen studies were normal, with complete air filling of the internal auditory canal. Surgically verified acoustic neuromas were demonstrated in four patients. Two studies were inconclusive and there was one false positive. Other than headaches, there is no morbidity associated with this technique. C.T. air cisternography should be considered as the definitive study for evaluating patients for acoustic neuromas who have normal intravenous contrast enhanced C.T. scans. This study reports the first intracanalicular tumor diagnosed with this technique.
Recurrent cementifying fibroma of the jaws.
Authors: Sweet Robert M. , Bryarly Richard C. , Kornblut Alan D. , Corio Russell L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe cementifying fibroma is a benign fibro‐osseous tumor of the jaws, and is generally believed to originate from the periodontal ligament. The tumor commonly presents as an asymptomatic mass lesion, and is usually well‐circumscribed clinically so that conservative excisions have been the treatment of choice.From 1970‐1980, 94 cases of cementifying fibromas involving either the maxilla or the mandible were accessioned by the Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Recurrences were found in 11 of these cases, of which 6 involved the mandible. Experiences with these cases are described, as well as experiences with two patients who were managed at the National Naval Medical Center and National Institutes of Health.Conclusions indicate that preferred management for most recurrent cementifying fibromas involves conservative removals which attempt to preserve form and function of the affected site. Residual disease when unavoidable often remains quiescent for extended periods of time without compromise to the patient involved.
Treatment of carcinoma of the vocal cord a review of 20 years experience.
Authors: Woodhouse Robert J. , Quivey Jeanne M. , Fu Karen K. , Sien Peter S. , Dedo Herbert H. , Phillips Theodore L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAt the University of California, San Francisco, 323 patients were treated for carcinoma of the vocal cord between January 1956 and December 1975. Patients with early T1 or T2 lesions were treated with radiotherapy or conservative surgery. Patients with T3 or T4 lesions were treated with total laryngectomy, radiation alone, or combined therapy. Of the 247 patients treated with definitive radiotherapy, initial control of the primary lesion was achieved in 100% of T1S, 80% of T1, 52% of T2, and 50% of T3 and T4 lesions. Surgical salvage of radiation failures was 86%, giving ultimate control rates in this group of 100% for T1S, 97% for T1, 91% for T2 and 64% for T3 and T4. Involvement of the anterior commissure did not significantly affect local control or survival rates of the irradiated patients. Voice quality was satisfactory in 95% of controlled patients. Surgery alone was used as the primary treatment modality in 63 patients, with ultimate local control achieved in 75% of T1S, 83% of T1, 85% of T2, 81% of T3 and T4 lesions. Planned combined therapy was successful in 9/13 patients in whom it was used. The overall 3 and 5 year actuarial survival rates were 84% and 77% respectively; corresponding determinate survival rates were 90% and 86%.
Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Authors: Gavron Joseph P. , Ardito Joseph A. , Curtis Arthur W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNecrotizing sialometaplasia of salivary gland tissue is a benign, self‐limiting disease usually confined to the minor salivary glands. To date only 49 cases have been reported. The clinical and histologic appearance may simulate squamous cell carcinoma, and unnecessary mutilating surgery may be performed if an erroneous diagnosis is made. The otolaryngologist must recognize this disease entity since it heals spontaneously and requires no treatment. Necrotizing sialometaplasia has no known premalignant potential.
Improved survival for patients with advanced carcinoma of the head and neck treated with methotrexate‐leucovorin prior to definitive radiotherapy or surgery.
Authors: Ervin Thomas J. , Kirkwood John , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Miller Daniel , Pitman Susan W. , Frei Emil 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPatients presenting with Stage III‐IV squamous carcinoma of the head and neck often relapse following aggressive surgery and/or radiotherapy. In an attempt to increase survival in this high risk group of patients, HD‐MTX, 3 gm./m2/dose, given weekly, was administered to 21 inoperable patients with Stage III/IV squamous carcinoma of head and neck prior to, and for 1 month after, definitive surgery and/or radiotherapy. Six of 11 patients (55%) who showed a significant response (> 50% reduction in tumor volume) to HD‐MTX are alive and free of tumor >38 months following treatment (p = 0.6) (Fisher Exact Test). Responder median survival is > 38 months while non‐responder median survival is 15 months (p =.02) (Log Rank Test). For the entire treatment group, at a mean duration of 44.2 months following initiation of therapy, 7 patients (33%) remain alive and free of tumor. Patients responding to induction MTX‐LCV more often become eligible for combined modality approach than did the non‐responder group. This “downstaging” of the tumor prior to aggressive surgery or radiotherapy may be responsible for the increased survival rate seen in those patients who responded to MTX‐LCV.
Peritonsillar abscesses in children
Authors: Richard Holt G. , Plez Tinsley P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA follow‐up retrospective study was performed on 41 children who presented with peritonsillar abscesses from 1970–1980. The ages ranged from 3 to 16 years, with the mean age of 10 years. There were 26 females and 15 males. The abscesses were predominantly left‐sided (28 vs. 13 right‐sided) and the mean duration of symptoms was 3 days. Of the patients, 39% had been treated with antibiotics prior to the abscess development. Only 15% of the patients had a documented past history of exudative tonsillitis. Of the 41, 1 patient was lost to follow‐up, and 11 underwent tonsillectomy for the abscess. Thus, 29 patients were reviewed who received no surgical therapy for their peritonsillar abscess other than incision and drainage. These patients were contacted for an interval history with a period of follow‐up ranging from 6 months to 10 years.Only 2 of the 29 patients (7%) had recurrent abscesses. Two other patients (7%) had further recurrent bouts of exudative tonsillitis but not abscesses. These 4 children were in an initial group of 6 who had a prior history of documented tonsillitis. The incidence of recurrent peritonsillar abscesses reported in the literature has ranged from 7.6 to 16% in series which were comprised mainly of adults. The low incidence of recurrent abscesses (7%) in this series would indicate a need to reevaluate the indication for tonsillectomy for peritonsillar abscess in the pediatric age group. The authors recommend that tonsillectomy be performed in those children who present with a pervious history of documented tonsillitis or suffer a complication at the time of the first abscess (neck abscess or airway compromise).
Failures in surgery for stapedial otosclerosis
Authors: Freeman Joseph 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe causes for failure in surgery for stapedial otosclerosis are many. Most of these occur in the early postoperative period. Failures occurring later are due to either a breakdown of the reconstructed transformer system or to a labyrinthitis due to failure of the vestibular seal. The role of cochlear otospongiosis in producing late failures has not been sufficiently emphasized. This clinical review of 105 surgical failures examined consecutively during the years of 1975 through 1979 will demonstrate the importance of cochlear otospongiosis in this consideration. The fate of the unoperated‐on ear in unilateral surgical failures will be demonstrated. Control of the progressive sensorineural hearing loss in these instances can be gained by the use of sodium fluoride therapy.
Management of canal stenosis with a transposition flap
Authors: Adkins Warren Y. , David Osguthorpe J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractStenosis of the of the external auditory canal is difficult to manage. Numerous surgical prodecures have been advocated for its correction and all function to varying degrees, but repeat stenosis remains a problem. Our experience, with the use of a superiorly based preauricular transposition flap in combination with an endaural and postauricular approach in 5 patients, 8 ears, is presented. In 3 patients, 5 ears, the stenosis was congenital; in 1 patient, 1 ear, traumatic; and in 1 patient, 2 ears, secondary to chronic external otitis. With a follow‐up of 1 to 9 years, the functional and cosmetic results have been satisfactory in all cases.