bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suzuki‐Miyaura and Buchwald‐Hartwig Cross‐Coupling Reactions Utilizing a Set of Complementary Imidazopyridine Monophosphine Ligands
Authors: Jacoby Seth A. , Harris Nekoda W. , Wiemann Alexander , Glenn Courtney D. , Kantzler A. Rae , Dinh Long P. , Yet Larry 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura and Buchwald‐Hartwig cross‐coupling reactions have become indispensable tools in the synthesis of otherwise inaccessible compounds because of the efficient, catalytic nature of these styles of reactions. The development of novel monophosphine ligands to achieve the cross‐coupling of substrates that are generally unreactive under standard conditions has developed into an extremely important area of research in the field of organometallic chemistry. Herein, we show the use of an imidazopyridine monophosphine ligand JagPhos I in the Suzuki‐Miyaura palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction to deliver sterically‐hindered biaryls and unsymmetrical biheterocycles. We also report the scope and limitations of imidazopyridine monophosphine ligand JagPhos II in the Buchwald‐Hartwig amination reactions of (hetero)aryl halides with anilines, secondary amines, and primary amines.
Guiding principles and processes of scholarship of teaching and learning and scholarship of practice
Authors: Gansemer‐Topf Ann M. , Mendee Amarjargal , Braxton John M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe concepts of scholarship of teaching and learning and the scholarship of practice are relatively new; therefore, their value within student affairs and institutions of higher education may be questioned. Unfamiliarity with these activities may also impede student affairs graduate faculty and scholar‐practitioners from engaging in this work. In this article, we outline why these activities should be viewed as scholarship and demonstrate how student affairs faculty and practitioners may already possess the skills needed to engage in this work.
Rényi entropy with surface defects in six dimensions
Authors: Yuan Ma-Ke , Zhou Yang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We compute the surface defect contribution to Rényi entropy and supersymmetric Rényi entropy in six dimensions. We first compute the surface defect contribution to Rényi entropy for free fields, which verifies a previous formula about entanglement entropy with surface defect. Using conformal map to $$ {S}_{\beta}^1\times {H}^{d-1} $$

S
β
1

×

H

d
−
1

we develop a heat kernel approach to compute the defect contribution to Rényi entropy, which is applicable for p-dimensional defect in general d-dimensional free fields. Using the same geometry $$ {S}_{\beta}^1\times {H}^5 $$

S
β
1

×

H
5

with an additional background field, one can construct the supersymmetric refinement of the ordinary Rényi entropy for six-dimensional (2, 0) theories. We find that the surface defect contribution to supersymmetric Rényi entropy has a simple scaling as polynomial of Rényi index in the large N limit. We also discuss how to connect the free field results and large N results.
Y-algebroids and E7(7) × ℝ+-generalised geometry
Authors: Hulík Ondřej , Malek Emanuel , Valach Fridrich , Waldram Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We define the notion of Y-algebroids, generalising the Lie, Courant, and exceptional algebroids that have been used to capture the local symmetry structure of type II string theory and M-theory compactifications to D ≥ 5 dimensions. Instead of an invariant inner product, or its generalisation arising in exceptional algebroids, Y-algebroids are built around a specific type of tensor, denoted Y , that provides exactly the necessary properties to also describe compactifications to D = 4 dimensions. We classify “M-exact” E7-algebroids and show that this precisely matches the form of the generalised tangent space of E7(7) × ℝ+-generalised geometry, with possible twists due to 1-, 4- and 7-form fluxes, corresponding physically to the derivative of the warp factor and the M-theory fluxes. We translate the notion of generalised Leibniz parallelisable spaces, relevant to consistent truncations, into this language, where they are mapped to so-called exceptional Manin pairs. We also show how to understand Poisson-Lie U-duality and exceptional complex structures using Y-algebroids.
Non-Abelian chiral soliton lattice in rotating QCD matter: Nambu-Goldstone and excited modes
Authors: Eto Minoru , Nishimura Kentaro , Nitta Muneto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The ground state of QCD with two flavors at a finite baryon chemical potential under rapid rotation is a chiral soliton lattice (CSL) of the η meson, consisting of a stack of sine-Gordon solitons carrying a baryon number, due to the anomalous coupling of the η meson to the rotation. In a large parameter region, the ground state becomes a non-Abelian CSL, in which due to the neutral pion condensation each η soliton decays into a pair of non-Abelian sine-Gordon solitons carrying S2 moduli originated from Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes localized around it, corresponding to the spontaneously broken vector symmetry SU(2)V. There, the S2 modes of neighboring solitons are anti-aligned, and these modes should propagate in the transverse direction of the lattice due to the interaction between the S2 modes of neighboring solitons. In this paper, we calculate excitations including gapless NG modes and excited modes around non-Abelian and Abelian (η) CSLs, and find three gapless NG modes with linear dispersion relations (type-A NG modes): two isospinons (S2 modes) and a phonon corresponding to the spontaneously broken vector SU(2)V and translational symmetries around the non-Abelian CSL, respectively, and only a phonon for the Abelian CSL because of the recovering SU(2)V. We also find in the deconfined phase that the dispersion relation of the isospinons becomes of the Dirac type, i.e. linear even at large momentum.
Near-horizon geometries and black hole thermodynamics in higher-derivative AdS5 supergravity
Authors: Cano Pablo A. , David Marina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Higher-derivative corrections in the AdS/CFT correspondence allow us to capture finer details of the dual CFT and to explore the holographic dictionary beyond the infinite N and strong coupling limits. Following an effective field theory approach, we investigate extremal AdS black hole solutions in five-dimensional supergravity with higher-derivative corrections. We provide a general analysis of near-horizon geometries of rotating extremal black holes and show how to obtain their corresponding charges and chemical potentials. We discuss the near-horizon solutions of the two-derivative theory, which we write using a novel parametrization that eases our computation of the higher-derivative corrections. The charges and thermodynamic properties of the black hole are computed while clarifying the ambiguities in their definitions. The charges and potentials turn out to satisfy a near-horizon version of the first law of thermodynamics whose interpretation we make clear. In the supersymmetric case, the results are shown to match the field theory prediction as well as previous results obtained from the on-shell action.
Prevalence of malocclusions requiring treatment according to the KIG classification
Authors: Kinzinger Gero Stefan Michael , Hourfar Jan , Lisson Jörg Alexander 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
In Germany, the reimbursement of orthodontic treatment costs within the framework of the statutory health insurance (GKV) was restricted on 01 January 2002 by the introduction of the orthodontic indication groups (KIG). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of findings requiring treatment in a specialist practice over a 20-year period. The results were then compared with data from existing older studies.

Patients and methods
The distribution of treatment-eligible KIG (KIG classifications grades 3–5) among patients with statutory health insurance in an orthodontic practice in North Rhine was determined over a 20-year period (2002–2021) after the introduction of the KIG system. This period was additionally scrutinized in four 5‑year periods according to the operating cycles of the practice. Findings were classified into the highest of 19 possible KIG treatment needs levels. Multiple classifications were not made.

Results
Orthodontic treatment was indicated in a total of 4537 (2393 female, 2144 male) patients according to current statutory health insurance guidelines. The KIG classification “D” (increased overjet) was the most frequent within the observed 20 years with 24.3%. Among 11 KIG classifications, 86.1% of the 6 most frequent and 13.9% of the 5 rarest findings were observed constantly over all periods. Of 19 possible indications, “D4” was the most frequent with 19.6%. Of 4537 patients, 20.7% had KIG grade 3, 63.6% KIG grade 4 and 15.7% KIG grade 5. The prevalence of sagittal deviations “D” and “M” was 35.0%, transverse “B” and “K” 17.9% and vertical “O” and “T” 3.7%. Tooth position anomalies “E” and “P” had a share of 24.6%.

Conclusions
The present study confirms existing findings as well as the nationwide data of the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZBV) from 2020: The sagittal deviations “D” (increased overjet) and “M” (negative overjet) represented the most frequent findings with KIG D4 as the most common classification. The prevalence and age distribution of KIG grades 3–5 requiring treatment corresponded to nationwide comparative data.
Visual hallucinations after resection of cerebral metastases: two patients with complex phantom images
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. , Andereggen L. , Rogers S. , Gschwind M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Complex visual hallucinations are rarely seen in neurooncology. They are commonly observed alongside psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia or dementia, in Parkinson’s or Lewy-body disease, after opioid medications or anesthesia, and, in particular, they appear with visual impairments.

Methods
Here we report two normal-sighted and mentally healthy patients with unusual visual hallucinations after the resection and irradiation of brain metastases, the main features of which were persistent colorful and meaningful images with hallucinatory perseveration.

Results
These cases demonstrate the occurrence of complex visual hallucinations after resection of visual cortices as an effect of deafferentation, so-called visual release hallucinations or phantom images, similar to phantom pain after amputation of a limb.

Conclusion
This case serves to heighten awareness in the radiooncology practitioner of the occurrence of visual release hallucinations (Charles Bonnet syndrome) related to multidisciplinary treatment of brain metastases.
Portability of genomic predictions trained on sparse factorial designs across two maize silage breeding cycles
Authors: Lorenzi Alizarine , Bauland Cyril , Pin Sophie , Madur Delphine , Combes Valérie , Palaffre Carine , Guillaume Colin , Touzy Gaëtan , Mary-Huard Tristan , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Key message
We validated the efficiency of genomic predictions calibrated on sparse factorial training sets to predict the next generation of hybrids and tested different strategies for updating predictions along generations.

Abstract
Genomic selection offers new prospects for revisiting hybrid breeding schemes by replacing extensive phenotyping of individuals with genomic predictions. Finding the ideal design for training genomic prediction models is still an open question. Previous studies have shown promising predictive abilities using sparse factorial instead of tester-based training sets to predict single-cross hybrids from the same generation. This study aims to further investigate the use of factorials and their optimization to predict line general combining abilities (GCAs) and hybrid values across breeding cycles. It relies on two breeding cycles of a maize reciprocal genomic selection scheme involving multiparental connected reciprocal populations from flint and dent complementary heterotic groups selected for silage performances. Selection based on genomic predictions trained on a factorial design resulted in a significant genetic gain for dry matter yield in the new generation. Results confirmed the efficiency of sparse factorial training sets to predict candidate line GCAs and hybrid values across breeding cycles. Compared to a previous study based on the first generation, the advantage of factorial over tester training sets appeared lower across generations. Updating factorial training sets by adding single-cross hybrids between selected lines from the previous generation or a random subset of hybrids from the new generation both improved predictive abilities. The CDmean criterion helped determine the set of single-crosses to phenotype to update the training set efficiently. Our results validated the efficiency of sparse factorial designs for calibrating hybrid genomic prediction experimentally and showed the benefit of updating it along generations.
Heterogeneity in household consumption behavior: The role of inequality and financial instability
Authors: Laborda Juan , Suárez Cristina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe analyze, using the micro data of the Household Financial Survey (HFS) of the Bank of Spain, the consumption consequences of the household balance sheets and debt accumulation during the real estate bubble of 2002–2005, the Great Recession (2008–2011) and the subsequent economic recovery phase (2014–2017). Using quantile regression models, we find heterogeneity in household consumption behavior with respect to income and net worth levels, and in response to changes in household net worth in the last two periods. During the considered real estate bubble period, this heterogeneity in behavior is diminished, and only occurs in relation to the level of net wealth, in line with Hyman Minsky’s Paradox of Tranquility. These findings favor the post-Keynesian theory on consumption. The greater inequality leads to a higher propensity of certain households to consume in response to changes in housing and financial net worth. This is compatible with the relative income hypothesis extended in expenditure cascades models. Otherwise, households will be willing to take on more risk during economic boom periods associated with a real estate bubble, which translates into debt-financed consumption that virtually makes such heterogeneity practically disappear.
Detection and identification of factors in the atrium responsible for blood pressure regulation in patients with hypertension
Authors: Yoshimura Kenshi , Mengyan Wei , Kume Shinichiro , Kurokawa Tatsuki , Miyamoto Shinji , Mizukami Yoichi , Ono Katsushige 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResection of the left atrial appendage reportedly improves blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to validate the transcriptional profiles of atrial genes responsible for blood pressure regulation in patients with hypertension as well as to identify the molecular mechanisms in rat biological systems. RNA sequencing data of left atrial appendages from patients with (n = 6) and without (n = 6) hypertension were subjected to unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA). Reduction of blood pressure was reflected by third and ninth principal components PC3 and PC9, and that eighteen transcripts, including endothelin-1, were revealed by PCA-based pathway analysis. Resection of the left atrial appendage in hypertensive rats improved their blood pressure accompanied by a decrease in serum endothelin-1 concentration. Expression of the endothelin-1 gene in the atrium and atrial appendectomy could play roles in blood pressure regulation in humans and rats.
Partnerschaftliche Aspekte bei Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem Mammakarzinom
Authors: Zimmermann Tanja 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie psychosozialen Belastungen einer Brustkrebserkrankung betreffen nicht nur die erkrankte Frau, sondern auch die unmittelbaren Angehörigen, insbesondere die Partner. Neben individuellen Belastungen wie Ängsten, Depressivität oder Sorgen kann es auch zu dyadischen Belastungen des Paars und der Partnerschaft kommen. Insbesondere die partnerschaftliche Kommunikation stellt eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Über eigene Ängste und Sorgen oder Tod und Sterben zu sprechen, führt oft zu einer Sprachlosigkeit innerhalb eines Paars. Dies kann wiederum in einer Unzufriedenheit in der Beziehung und in fehlender partnerschaftlicher Unterstützung resultieren. Das Trennungsrisiko kann sich erhöhen. Hinzu kommen Veränderungen in der sexuellen Funktion, die durch die medizinische Behandlung, die psychische Belastung und/oder das veränderte Körperbild entstehen können. Auch hier findet häufig keine offene Kommunikation sowohl innerhalb des Paares als auch mit dem medizinischen Team statt. Eine Krebserkrankung ist ein Stressor für die Patientin, den Partner und die Partnerschaft. Daher ist ein gemeinsamer Umgang als Paar mit dem Stress durch die Erkrankung – das sog. dyadische Coping – bedeutsam für die Krankheitsbewältigung und Stärkung des „Wir-Gefühls“, welches wiederum zu einer höheren Partnerschaftszufriedenheit und einem höheren Kohäsionsgefühl beiträgt. Für die klinische Versorgung sind somit auch der Einbezug des Angehörigen und die Berücksichtigung partnerschaftlicher Aspekte sehr sinnvoll.
Security-enhanced firmware management scheme for smart home IoT devices using distributed ledger technologies
Authors: Wijesundara W. M. A. B. , Lee Joong-Sun , Tith Dara , Aloupogianni Eleni , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Obi Takashi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the increase of IoT devices generating large amounts of user-sensitive data, improper firmware harms users’ security and privacy. Latest home appliances are integrated with features to assure compatibility with smart home IoT. However, applying complex security mechanisms to IoT is limited by device hardware capabilities, making them vulnerable to attacks. Such attacks have recently become frequent. To address this issue, we developed a secure verification mechanism for firmware released by the device’s manufacturer. We proposed an IoT gateway for secure firmware verification and updating for smart home IoT devices utilizing the IOTA MAM (Masked Authenticated Messaging) protocol and a distributed file system with IPFS (Inter-Planetary File System) protocol. These two communication protocols ensure decentralized communication and firmware file distribution between the IoT device vendor and the IoT end device. The proposed scheme securely shares latest firmware content over IOTA and IPFS networks, performs a secure firmware update on IoT end devices and ensures authenticity and integrity of the firmware. Two types of validation methods were proposed for firmware updating and validation. We implemented the proposed scheme using three entities, Vendor, IoT gateway, and IoT end device. Our system yielded promising results in performing secure automated firmware updates on IoT end devices with very low computational power. The system’s functionality was implemented using IOTA’s MAM run on Raspberry Pi as an IoT gateway along with an ESP8266 Wi-Fi microcontroller, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach. Our proposed methodology can be used for secure firmware distribution on home IoT applications.
Voicing barriers: accessibility for visually impaired voiceover users on audio chat platforms
Authors: Liljeström Linda , Bern Charlotte , Ferati Mexhid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSocial media is to a large extent focused on visual elements, negatively affecting accessibility for visually impaired users. Touchscreens, designed to be handled by visual keys, add complexity to the interaction. This study aims to investigate what influences the accessibility for visually impaired VoiceOver users to successfully partake on audio chat platforms and which guidelines could be devised to assist in designing such platforms. The study was conducted as a case study of the audio chat platform Clubhouse. The qualitative data collection methods included interviews with four experts and ten visually impaired users of the platform. The results of the study indicate that clear labelling, audio communication being at the core of the interaction, a limited focus on images and videos, as well as a limited scope of features enhance accessibility for visually impaired users. However, the results additionally showcase that too few features can lead to user-workaround behaviour negatively influencing accessibility. Audio chat platforms have the potential to be highly accessible and make visually impaired users feel independent and included. However, merely relying on labelling, the interface is to miss out on taking the next step in accessibility: implementing gestures as well as haptic and audio feedback. The study proposes that in addition to following principles like WCAG, accessibility can be enhanced by focusing on the user experience perspective. As a result of the study, design guidelines are proposed.
Students’ perceived authenticity and understanding of authentic research while experimenting in a non-formal learning setting
Authors: Hohrath Sarah , Aßmann Sandra , Krabbe Heiko , Opfermann Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNon-formal learning settings like out-of-school labs provide students with insights into authentic learning situations. For example, in physics, students are engaged in experimenting as an authentic method. However, increasing the authenticity in experimentation can lead to overwhelming demands and hinder concept development and does not even need to be perceived as more authentic. We investigated the role of authenticity in experimenting in an out-of-school lab. Specifically, we explored (a) what influence the level of guidance has on students’ perceived authenticity (RQ1), (b) which references students use in their assessment judging perceived authenticity (RQ2), and (c) to what extent perceived authenticity predicts students’ learning outcomes (RQ3). To address these issues, a mixed methods study was carried out. One hundred forty-two students of seventh and eighth grade experimented in small groups and investigated the pattern that occurs when different apertures are placed between various light sources and a screen. Students were randomly assigned to one of two variants of the learning setting. In the guided experimentation group, students performed five pre-designed experiments and one freely chosen experiment, while the self-determined experimenting students freely designed all six experiments. A questionnaire was administered for perceived authenticity and interviews were conducted about the experimentation process. The learning outcome was measured with a pre- and post-test. We found no significant difference in perceived authenticity and learning outcomes of the two groups. To explain this, we conducted and analyzed interviews in terms of students’ understandings of authentic research to determine the views their authenticity judgments were based on.