bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Geometric Implications
Authors: Akbar Tabatabai Amirhossein 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
It is a well-known fact that although the poset of open sets of a topological space is a Heyting algebra, its Heyting implication is not necessarily stable under the inverse image of continuous functions and hence is not a geometric concept. This leaves us wondering if there is any stable family of implications that can be safely called geometric. In this paper, we will first recall the abstract notion of implication as a binary modality introduced in Akbar Tabatabai (Implication via spacetime. In: Mathematics, logic, and their philosophies: essays in honour of Mohammad Ardeshir, pp 161–216, 2021). Then, we will use a weaker version of categorical fibrations to define the geometricity of a category of pairs of spaces and implications over a given category of spaces. We will identify the greatest geometric category over the subcategories of open-irreducible (closed-irreducible) maps as a generalization of the usual injective open (closed) maps. Using this identification, we will then characterize all geometric categories over a given category

$${\mathcal {S}}$$

S

, provided that

$${\mathcal {S}}$$

S

has some basic closure properties. Specially, we will show that there is no non-trivial geometric category over the full category of spaces. Finally, as the implications we identified are also interesting in their own right, we will spend some time to investigate their algebraic properties. We will first use a Yoneda-type argument to provide a representation theorem, making the implications a part of an adjunction-style pair. Then, we will use this result to provide a Kripke-style representation for any arbitrary implication.
Interdialytic weight gain and low dialysate sodium concentration in patients on chronic hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bossola Maurizio , Mariani Ilaria , Sacco Monica , Antocicco Manuela , Pepe Gilda , Di Stasio Enrico 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effect of low dialysate sodium concentration on interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Methods
Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were English language papers published in a peer-reviewed journal and met the following inclusion criteria: (1) studies in adult patients (over 18 years of age), (2) included patients on chronic hemodialysis since at least 6 months; (3) compared standard (138–140 mmol/l) or high (> 140 mmol/l) dialysate sodium concentration with low (< 138 mmol/l) dialysate sodium concentration; (4) Included one outcome of interest: interdialytic weight gain.
Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for the quality of reporting for each study was performed using the Quality Assessment Tool of Controlled Intervention Studies of the National Institutes of Health. The quality of reporting of each cross-over study was performed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool for cross-over trials as proposed by Ding et al.

Results
Nineteen studies (710 patients) were included in the analysis: 15 were cross-over and 4 parallel randomized controlled studies. In cross-over studies, pooled analysis revealed that dialysate sodium concentration reduced IDWG with a pooled MD of − 0.40 kg (95% CI − 0.50 to − 0.30; p < 0.001). The systematic review of four parallel, randomized, studies revealed that the use of a low dialysate sodium concentration was associated with a significant reduction of the IDWG in two studies, sustained and almost significant (p = 0.05) reduction in one study, and not significant reduction in one study.

Conclusion
Low dialysate sodium concentration reduces the IDWG in prevalent patients on chronic hemodialysis.
Effect of titanium oxide/reduced graphene (TiO2/rGO) addition onto water flux and reverse salt diffusion thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membranes
Authors: Shawky Amira M. , Kotp Yousra H. , Mousa Mahmoud A. , Aboelfadl Mostafa M. S. , Hekal Eisa E. , Zakaria Khaled 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThin-film nanocomposite (TFN) forward osmosis (FO) membranes have attracted significant attention due to their potential for solving global water scarcity problems. In this study, we investigate the impact of titanium oxide (TiO2) and titanium oxide/reduced graphene (TiO2/rGO) additions on the performance of TFN-FO membranes, specifically focusing on water flux and reverse salt diffusion. Membranes with varying concentrations of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO were fabricated as interfacial polymerizing M-phenylenediamine (MPD) and benzenetricarbonyl tricholoride (TMC) monomers with TiO2 and its reduced graphene composites (TiO2/rGO). The TMC solution was supplemented with TiO2 and its reduced graphene composites (TiO2/rGO) to enhance FO performance and reverse solute flux. All MPD/TMC polyamide membranes are characterized using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The results demonstrate that incorporating TiO2/rGO into the membrane thin layer improves water flux and reduces reverse salt diffusion. In contrast to the TFC membrane (10.24 L m−2h−1 and 6.53 g/m2 h), higher water flux and higher reverse solute flux were detected in the case of TiO2and TiO2/rGO-merged TFC skin membranes (18.81 and 24.52 L m−2h−1 and 2.74 and 2.15 g/m2 h, respectively). The effects of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO stacking on the skin membrane and the performance of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO skin membranes have been thoroughly studied. Additionally, being investigated is the impact of draw solution concentration.
Graphical Abstract
Mit Typ-1-Diabetes in der Schule
Authors: Vogt Magdalena , Schaffler-Schaden Dagmar , Ewers Andre 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Setting Schule stellt eine wesentliche Säule in der Versorgung von Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes dar. Aufgrund der steigenden Inzidenz und Prävalenz von Typ-1-Diabetes im Kindesalter stehen Schulen zunehmend vor der Herausforderung, Kinder mit Diabetes zu versorgen. Die vorliegende qualitative Studie hatte zum Ziel, die Versorgung von Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes erstmalig in Vorarlberger Grundschulen aus Sicht der Eltern zu beschreiben und deren Wünsche für eine optimierte Versorgung darzustellen.

Methode
Mittels halbstrukturierter, leitfadengestützter Interviews wurden 6 Eltern von Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes zur Diabetesversorgung ihrer Kinder in der Grundschule befragt. Die Interviews wurden aufgezeichnet, transkribiert und mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Die Eltern erlebten die Diabetesversorgung in der Grundschule nicht als strukturiert oder nach einem Plan organisiert. Der Prozess der Einschulung bzw. der Rückkehr nach der Diagnose wurde als schwierig beschrieben. Mit zunehmender Routine in der Diabetesversorgung beschrieben die Eltern ein positives Sicherheitsgefühl während der Schulzeit. Die Eltern wünschten sich Unterstützung bei der Diabetesversorgung durch Pflegepersonen, Diabetesschulungen für und Verständnis durch die Lehrpersonen sowie Unterstützungsleistungen im Land.

Schlussfolgerung
Die gesundheitliche Versorgung von Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes in der Schule ist aufgrund fehlender einheitlicher Regelungen und Strukturen sowie aufgrund der Abhängigkeit vom Wohlwollen der Lehrpersonen mit Herausforderungen verbunden. Für eine optimierte Versorgung von Kindern mit Typ-1-Diabetes in der Grundschule sind weitere Studien und Projekte mit dem Ziel einer integrativen Versorgung nötig.
The impact of internal social responsibility on service employees' job satisfaction and organizational engagement
Authors: Van Loan Thi-Hong , Lang Le Dang , Ngo Trong Liem-Phuoc , Ferreira João 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of internal corporate social responsibility (iCSR) aspects on employees' job satisfaction and organizational engagement through the lenses of social identity and social exchange theories. Based on a survey collected from 368 employees in 25 banks in Vietnam, the findings show the importance of each iCSR aspect in driving employee job satisfaction and organizational engagement. Job satisfaction is also found to be an antecedent of organizational engagement. The result adds a profound understanding of iCSR to the existing literature and helps bank managers have appropriate solutions to strengthen their employees' job satisfaction and organizational engagement.
Renal arterial resistive index versus novel biomarkers for the early prediction of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Zaitoun Taysser , Megahed Mohamed , Elghoneimy Hesham , Emara Doaa M. , Elsayed Ibrahim , Ahmed Islam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical complication of sepsis. There is a continuous need to identify and validate biomarkers for early detection. Serum and urinary biomarkers have been investigated, such as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C (Cys C), but their reliability in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unknown. Renal hemodynamics can be investigated by measuring the renal resistive index (RRI). This study aimed to compare the performance of RRI, serum NGAL (sNGAL), urinary NGAL (uNGAL), and serum Cys C levels as early predictors of the diagnosis and persistence of sepsis-associated AKI. A total of 166 adult patients with sepsis syndrome were enrolled immediately after ICU admission. Biomarkers were measured directly (T1) and on day 3 (T3). RRI was measured directly (T1) and 24 h later (T2). Patients were categorized (according to the occurrence and persistence of AKI within the first 7 days) into three groups: no AKI, transient AKI, and persistent AKI. The incidence rate of sepsis-associated AKI was 60.2%. Sixty-six patients were categorized as in the no AKI group, while another 61 were in transient AKI and only 39 were in persistent AKI. The RRI value (T1 ≥ 0.72) was the best tool for predicting AKI diagnosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, AUROC = 0.905). Cys C (T1 ≥ 15.1 mg/l) was the best tool to predict the persistence of AKI (AUROC = 0.977). RRI (T1) was the best predictive tool for sepsis-associated AKI, while Cys C was the best predictor of its persistence and 28-day mortality.
Noninvasive Assessment of Intracranial Pressure: Deformability Index as an Adjunct to Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter to Increase Diagnostic Ability
Authors: Netteland Dag Ferner , Aarhus Mads , Sandset Else Charlotte , Padayachy Llewellyn , Helseth Eirik , Brekken Reidar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Today, invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement remains the standard, but its invasiveness limits availability. Here, we evaluate a novel ultrasound-based optic nerve sheath parameter called the deformability index (DI) and its ability to assess ICP noninvasively. Furthermore, we ask whether combining DI with optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), a more established parameter, results in increased diagnostic ability, as compared to using ONSD alone.

Methods
We prospectively included adult patients with traumatic brain injury with invasive ICP monitoring, which served as the reference measurement. Ultrasound images and videos of the optic nerve sheath were acquired. ONSD was measured at the bedside, whereas DI was calculated by semiautomated postprocessing of ultrasound videos. Correlations of ONSD and DI to ICP were explored, and a linear regression model combining ONSD and DI was compared to a linear regression model using ONSD alone. Ability of the noninvasive parameters to distinguish dichotomized ICP was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, and a logistic regression model combining ONSD and DI was compared to a logistic regression model using ONSD alone.

Results
Forty-four ultrasound examinations were performed in 26 patients. Both DI (R =  − 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] R <  − 0.03; p = 0.03) and ONSD (R = 0.45; 95% CI R > 0.23; p < 0.01) correlated with ICP. When including both parameters in a combined model, the estimated correlation coefficient increased (R = 0.51; 95% CI R > 0.30; p < 0.01), compared to using ONSD alone, but the model improvement did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.09). Both DI (area under the curve [AUC] 0.69, 95% CI 0.53–0.83) and ONSD (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.86) displayed ability to distinguish ICP dichotomized at ICP ≥ 15 mm Hg. When using both parameters in a combined model, AUC increased (0.80, 95% CI 0.63–0.90), and the model improvement was statistically significant (p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Combining ONSD with DI holds the potential of increasing the ability of optic nerve sheath parameters in the noninvasive assessment of ICP, compared to using ONSD alone, and further study of DI is warranted.
Transportation 4.0 in supply chain management: State-of-the-art and future directions towards 5.0 in the transportation sector
Authors: Wong Wai Peng , Anwar Muhammad Fahad , Soh Keng Lin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the contexts of commercial freight, shipment delivery, and smart factories, organizations adopt Industry 4.0 (IR4.0) for competitive transportation practices. Yet, the role of transportation as a key "transportation 4.0" sub-system has been overlooked by scholars, resulting in an incomplete transition towards IR5.0. To bridge this gap, we adopt the reductionist approach grounded from systems theory to systematically review literature. Our analysis highlights the integration of technologies in transportation, impacting ecosystems significantly. However, global progress on transportation 4.0 exhibits regional disparities. In response, we propose a transportation 4.0 framework to mitigate disparities and enhance competitiveness. Identifying research gaps, challenges, and prospects, we outline directions towards IR5.0. Our study clarifies the evolving landscape of transportation within the Industry 4.0 paradigm.
Wisdom-Based Buddhist-Derived Meditation Practices for Prosocial Behaviour: A Systematic Review
Authors: Furnell Matthew , Van Gordon William , Elander James 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this evaluative systematic review was to analyse the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) that incorporate Buddhist wisdom practices on prosocial behaviour, and provide insights into their underlying mechanism, potential benefits, and applications.

Method
A systematic literature search was conducted using three electronic databases up until 1 December 2023. Data on the participants in the MBIs, the structure, and how Buddhist teachings were integrated were collected. The impact on prosocial behaviour was analysed, along with evaluating overall study quality and the validity of the measures used for assessing changes in prosocial behaviour.

Results
Collectively, the 12 eligible studies (n = 2185) suggest that incorporating the Buddhist wisdom practices of contemplating interdependence, emptiness, and perspective-taking on self and others may enhance prosocial behaviour through various mechanisms, such as (i) developing a sense of interdependence and common humanity, (ii) fostering the altruistic desire to help others, and (iii) experiencing a state of oneness. However, concerns were raised about the overuse and reliability of self-report measures for accurately assessing prosocial behaviour, as well as in respect of discerning the effectiveness of different meditation practices that are integrated into MBIs.

Conclusions
Overall, the findings of this systematic literature review reinforce the perspective that wisdom-based meditation practices contribute to prosocial behaviour. However, to enhance the understanding of the underlying causes of prosocial behaviour, future studies should isolate the effects of different meditation practices incorporated within MBIs. Furthermore, it is strongly recommended that future studies assessing the impact of MBIs on prosocial behaviour employ a range of diverse measures, such as self-reported psychometric scales in combination with real-world morally relevant scenarios.

Preregistration
PROSPERO: Registration No. CRD42023426411.
A neural network approach for the mortality analysis of multiple populations: a case study on data of the Italian population
Authors: Euthum Maximilian , Scherer Matthias , Ungolo Francesco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA Neural Network (NN) approach for the modelling of mortality rates in a multi-population framework is compared to three classical mortality models. The NN setup contains two instances of Recurrent NNs, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) networks. The stochastic approaches comprise the Li and Lee model, the Common Age Effect model of Kleinow, and the model of Plat. All models are applied and compared in a large case study on decades of data of the Italian population as divided in counties. In this case study, a new index of multiple deprivation is introduced and used to classify all Italian counties based on socio-economic indicators, sourced from the local office of national statistics (ISTAT). The aforementioned models are then used to model and predict mortality rates of groups of different socio-economic characteristics, sex, and age.
Enhancing ASD detection accuracy: a combined approach of machine learning and deep learning models with natural language processing
Authors: Rubio-Martín Sergio , García-Ordás María Teresa , Bayón-Gutiérrez Martín , Prieto-Fernández Natalia , Benítez-Andrades José Alberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The main aim of our study was to explore the utility of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study primarily focused on using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models to detect ASD potential cases by analyzing text inputs, especially from social media platforms like Twitter. This is to overcome the ongoing challenges in ASD diagnosis, such as the requirement for specialized professionals and extensive resources. Timely identification, particularly in children, is essential to provide immediate intervention and support, thereby improving the quality of life for affected individuals.

Methods
We employed natural language processing (NLP) techniques along with ML models like decision trees, extreme gradient boosting (XGB), k-nearest neighbors algorithm (KNN), and DL models such as recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM), bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT and BERTweet). We extracted a dataset of 404,627 tweets from Twitter users using the platform’s API and classified them based on whether they were written by individuals claiming to have ASD (ASD users) or by those without ASD (non-ASD users). From this dataset, we used a subset of 90,000 tweets (45,000 from each classification group) for the training and testing of these models.

Results
The application of our AI models yielded promising results, with the predictive model reaching an accuracy of almost 88% when classifying texts that potentially originated from individuals with ASD.

Conclusion
Our research demonstrated the potential of using AI, particularly DL models, in enhancing the accuracy of ASD detection and diagnosis. This innovative approach signifies the critical role AI can play in advancing early diagnostic techniques, enabling better patient outcomes and underlining the importance of early identification of ASD, especially in children.
Lehrpersonen lernen: Nutzung und Nützlichkeit von Lerngelegenheiten und deren Beziehung zur Berufserfahrung
Authors: Röhl Sebastian , Cramer Colin , Mayr Johannes 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungFür die Bewährung von Lehrpersonen über das gesamte Berufsleben hinweg gilt die fortwährende Professionalisierung durch berufsbegleitendes Lernen als bedeutsam. Die Literatur zu Berufsbiografien von Lehrpersonen nimmt eine Abfolge typischer Phasen während der Berufstätigkeit an. Welche Rolle dabei die Nutzung bestimmter Lerngelegenheiten hat, wurde bislang kaum untersucht. Weiterhin fokussieren bisherige Befunde überwiegend die Häufigkeiten von Fortbildungsteilnahmen und anderer Lernaktivitäten, ohne jedoch deren Nutzungsintensität oder wahrgenommene Nützlichkeit für die professionelle Entwicklung zu berücksichtigen. Die vorliegende Studie erkundet anhand einer Teilstichprobe (N = 658) der TEDCA-Erhebung 2018, in welcher selbsteingeschätzten Intensität sich Lehrpersonen zu unterschiedlichen beruflichen Tätigkeitsbereichen fortbilden und wie sie die Nützlichkeit verschiedener formaler, informeller und inzidenteller (zufälliger) Lerngelegenheiten in Abhängigkeit von ihrer Berufserfahrung einschätzen. Den auf Strukturgleichungsmodellen beruhenden Analysen zufolge steigen bezogen auf organisierte Fortbildungen die Nutzungsintensität und wahrgenommene Nützlichkeit bis zu einer Berufserfahrung von rund 20 Jahren an und sind danach rückläufig. Für inzidentelle Lerngelegenheiten (Erfahrungen im Berufsalltag) zeigt sich ein Rückgang der Nützlichkeitseinschätzung. Im informellen Bereich nimmt die wahrgenommene Nützlichkeit des Lernens durch den Austausch mit Kolleg:innen und Vorgesetzten ab, während sich für andere informelle Lerngelegenheiten (z. B. mediengestützte Wissensaneignung, Impulse von Schüler:innen und Eltern) keine erfahrungsabhängigen Effekte zeigen. Die Befunde weisen somit auf eine unterschiedlich wahrgenommene Relevanz und Nützlichkeit verschiedener Lerngelegenheiten für die professionelle Entwicklung über die Berufslaufbahn hin. Implikationen für eine mögliche differenzielle, erfahrungsabhängige Gestaltung von Lernangeboten für Lehrpersonen werden diskutiert.
The European Union’s Response to the Catalan Secessionist Process
Authors: Mangas Araceli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArticle 4.2 TEU enshrines the EU’s respect for the exclusive right of each Member State to ensure its territorial integrity. No EU Member State allows referendums for part of the population to decide on the national territory. The Commission and European Council have recognized that the effect of a secession in a Member State is to leave the new state outside the EU. Whether or not European citizenship is retained is a matter not of European but national law, as European citizenship is an automatic complement to the nationality of a Member State. The position of the Commission and the European Council regarding the Catalan authorities’ illegal referendum and declaration of independence was to support the constitutional mechanism for intervention authorized by the Spanish Senate. Nationalisms erode the integration process by weakening the cohesion of states and undermining the equality of their citizens.