bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutant p53R270H gain of function phenotype in a mouse model for oncogene‐induced mammary carcinogenesis
Authors: Heinlein Christina , Krepulat Frauke , Löhler Jürgen , Speidel Daniel , Deppert Wolfgang , Tolstonog Genrich V. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn human breast cancer, mutations in the p53 gene are associated with poor prognosis. However, analysis of patient data so far did not clarify, whether missense point mutations in the p53 gene, in addition to causing loss of wild‐type p53 function, also confer a gain of function phenotype to the encoded mutant p53. As heterogeneity of patient material and data might obscure a clear answer, we studied the effects of a coexpressed mutant p53R270H in transgenic mice in which SV40 early proteins initiate the development of mammary adenocarcinoma (WAP‐T mice). In such tumors the endogenous wild‐type p53 is functionally compromised by complex formation with SV40 T‐antigen, thereby constituting a loss of wild‐type p53 function situation that allowed analysis of the postulated gain of function effects of mutant p53R270H. We found that mutant p53R270H in bi‐transgenic mice enhanced the transition from intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive carcinoma, resulting in a higher frequency of invasive carcinoma per gland and per mouse, a more severe tumor phenotype, and more frequent pulmonary metastasis. Surprisingly, mutant p53R270H in this system does not increase genomic instability. Therefore, other postulated gain of function activities of mutant p53 must be responsible for the effects described here. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interactions between stainless steel, shear stress, and monocytes
Authors: Messer Regina L. W. , Mickalonis John , Lewis Jill B. , Omata Yo , Davis Cortney M. , Brown Yolanda , Wataha John C. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAngioplasty with stent placement is commonly used to treat coronary atherosclerosis. However, 20–40% of stainless steel stents restenose within 6 months via a prolonged inflammatory response mediated by monocytic infiltration and cytokine secretion. In the current study, we tested a hypothesis that blood flow and monocytes interact to alter stent corrosion. We assessed the effects of THP1 monocytes on the corrosion rate of 316L stainless steel (316LSS) under shear stress (0.5–50 dyn/cm2). In addition, THP1 cytokine secretion was determined using cytokine arrays and ELISA analyses. Data were compared using ANOVA and Tukey post hoc analysis (α = 0.05). Monocytes significantly lowered 316LSS corrosion rates without limiting current density. However, shear stress alone did not alter the corrosion rate of 316LSS. THP1 cells adhered to the 316LSS surface at all flow rates. Exposure to the 316LSS/corrosion test under high fluid flow rates increased (>twofold) the secretion of 7 of the 42 cytokines tested (angeogenin, GRO, I309, interleukin 8, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, and macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1). Each of these cytokines play a role in wound healing, macrophage differentiation, and cell proliferation, all hallmarks of in‐stent restenosis. Furthermore, only IL8 levels were significantly higher than any of the system controls during the 316LSS/corrosion test conditions. The IL8 levels from the 316LSS/corrosion tests were not significantly different from the +LPS control. Together, these data suggest that monocytic cells maybe activated by exposure to 316LSS stents and could contribute to in‐stent restenosis and altered corrosion of the stent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Morphology controllable nanostructured chitosan matrix and its cytocompatibility
Authors: Qi Lifeng , Pal Susmita , Dutta Prasanta , Seehra Mohindar , Pei Ming 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt is becoming clear that surface nanotopography of underlying substrates can influence cell behavior such as adhesion, proliferation, and orientation of mammalian cells. Nanofabrication methods such as electron beam lithography are, however, expensive and time consuming. In this study, a simple and cost‐effective approach, heterogeneous seeded growth, was developed to create nanostructured chitosan matrix (CSM) from amorphous chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). The physiochemical properties of CSM were characterized followed by an evaluation of CSM cytocompatibility. Shape‐controllable morphology of CSM from nanoparticles to three‐dimensional urchin‐like architectures was achieved by using varying amounts of seeds. CSM was found to be cytocompatible with human foreskin fibroblasts suggesting that the nanofibrous surface morphology and crystalline structure of CSM could favor cell spread and growth. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
Modulation of expression of LDH isoenzymes in endothelial cells by laminin: Implications for angiogenesis
Authors: Kumar V.B. Sameer , Viji R.I. , Kiran M.S. , Sudhakaran P.R. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractEndothelial cell (EC) matrix interaction is critical in angiogenesis. Although matrix components can regulate the process of angiogenesis by acting as a reservoir of various cytokines, it is not clear if extracellular matrix (ECM) can modulate the production and activity of angiogenic cytokines. Investigations were therefore carried out to study the influence of the basement membrane (BM) protein, laminin (Ln) on the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the major angiogenic cytokine, using isolated human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) in culture. Analysis of the biochemical markers of angiogenesis confirmed proangiogenic effect of Ln. The levels of VEGF protein and mRNA were not different in cells maintained on Ln, collagen I or polylysine substrata. Chorioallantoic membrane assay using VEGF isolated from cell extracts however revealed that Ln increased its angiogenic potency. Immunoblotting and HPLC analysis showed considerable reduction in poly adenosyl ribosylation of VEGF associated with a significant decrease in the levels of NAD+, in cells maintained on Ln substrata. Further, a shift in the isoenzymic pattern of LDH towards the B rich forms and an upregulation of LDH B gene were observed in cells maintained on Ln. Ln modulates expression of LDH gene through α6β4 integrin mediated downstream signaling involving p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway. It thus appears that Ln can affect aerobic metabolism of ECs by modulating the expression of LDH isoenzymes resulting in a decrease in the level of NAD+ that can cause a reduction in the poly adenosyl ribosylation of VEGF altering its angiogenic potency. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1808–1825, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioactive food components and cancer risk reduction
Authors: Stan Silvia D. , Kar Siddhartha , Stoner Gary D. , Singh Shivendra V. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractResearch over the last three decades has provided convincing evidence to support the premise that diets rich in fruits and vegetables may be protective against the risk of different types of cancers. Initial evidence for protective effect of fruits and vegetables against cancer risk came from population‐based case‐control studies, which prompted intense research aimed at (a) identification of bioactive component(s) responsible for the anticancer effects of fruits and vegetables, (b) elucidation of the mechanisms by which bioactive food components may prevent cancer, and (c) determination of their efficacy for prevention of cancer in animal models. The bioactive components responsible for cancer chemopreventive effects of various edible plants have now been identified. For instance, anticancer effect ofAlliumvegetables including garlic is attributed to organosulfur compounds (e.g., diallyl trisulfide). Interestingly, unlike cancer chemotherapy drugs, many bioactive food components selectively target cancer cells. Molecular basis for selectivity of anticancer bioactive food components towards cancer cells remains elusive, but these agents appear promiscuous and target multiple signal transduction pathways to inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Despite convincing observational and experimental evidence, however, limited effort has been directed towards clinical investigations to determine efficacy of bioactive food components for prevention of human cancers. This article reviews current knowledge on cancer chemopreventive effects of a few highly promising dietary constituents, including garlic‐derived organosulfides, berry compounds, and cruciferous vegetable‐derived isothiocyanates, and serves to illustrate complexity of the signal transduction mechanisms in cancer chemoprevention by these promising bioactive food components. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 339–356, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential effects of chemotherapeutic drugs versus the MDM‐2 antagonist nutlin‐3 on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B‐cells
Authors: Barbarotto Elisa , Corallini Federica , Rimondi Erika , Fadda Roberto , Mischiati Carlo , Grill Vittorio , Vaccarezza Mauro , Celeghini Claudio 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe have compared the cytotoxic/cytostatic responses of the SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B‐cells to the alkylating agent chlorambucil, the purine analog fludarabine, the non‐genotoxic activator of the p53 pathway, Nutlin‐3, used alone or in association with the death‐inducing ligand recombinant TRAIL. Exposure to chlorambucil, fludarabine, and Nutlin‐3 induced p53 accumulation and variably affected cell cycle progression in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid cells. In particular, chlorambucil induced cell cycle accumulation at the G2/M checkpoint; Nutlin‐3 induced early cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint, while fludarabine showed an intermediate behavior. On the other hand, recombinant TRAIL alone did not affect cell cycle progression but induced a rapid increase of apoptosis. Analysis of the gene expression profile of the p53‐transcriptional targets showed distinct features between chlorambucil, Nutlin‐3 and fludarabine, which likely account for their differential effect on cell cycle in SKW6.4 cells. In particular, chlorambucil upregulated the steady‐state mRNA expression of SFN/14‐3‐3σ, a gene involved in G2/M cell cycle arrest. Of note, all agonists upregulated TRAIL‐R2 expression in SKW6.4 cells both at the mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, pretreatment with chlorambucil, fludarabine and Nutlin‐3 enhanced SKW6.4 sensitivity to TRAIL‐mediated apoptosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 595–605, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contrast‐enhanced sonography in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma ≤2 cm
Authors: Xu Hui‐Xiong , Xie Xiao‐Yan , Lu Ming‐De , Liu Guang‐Jian , Xu Zuo‐Feng , Zheng Yan‐Lin , Liang Jin‐Yu , Chen Li‐Da 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the usefulness of contrast‐enhanced sonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measuring ≤2 cm in diameter.MethodsWe identified 104 focal liver lesions measuring ≤2 cm in 104 consecutive patients who were enrolled for baseline sonography (BUS) and CEUS examination (49 HCCs, 55 non‐HCCs). A real‐time, contrast‐specific mode of contrast pulse sequencing and a sulphur hexafluoride‐filled microbubble contrast agent were used for CEUS. The diagnostic performances of BUS and CEUS in differentiating focal liver lesions (HCC or non‐HCC) were analyzed and compared.ResultsOn CEUS, 43 (87.8%) of the 49 HCC lesions were hyperenhanced, 5 (10.2%) were isoenhanced, and 1 (2%) was hypoenhanced during the arterial phase when compared with adjacent liver tissue. Thirty‐nine (79.6%) HCCs exhibited washout from the portal phase to the late phase. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy before and after contrast agent administration were 28.6% (14/49) versus 79.6% (39/49) (p < 0.001), 94.5% (52/55) versus 92.7% (51/55) (p > 0.05), 82.4% (14/17) versus 90.7% (39/43) (p > 0.05), 59.8% (52/87) versus 90.7% (39/43) (p < 0.01), and 63.5% (66/104) versus 86.5% (90/104) (p < 0.001), respectively. No significant difference in diagnostic performance of CEUS was found between lesions measuring ≤1.5 cm and those 1.6–2 cm and between lesions located at a depth of ≤6 cm from the skin and those located deeper.ConclusionsCEUS significantly improved the diagnostic performance in characterization of small HCCs ≤2 cm compared with BUS. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008
Sonographically guided excisional biopsy of small abdominal wall masses using vacuum‐assisted biopsy device
Authors: Park Noh Hyuck , Lee En Ja , Kim Mi Sung , Park Chan Sup , Ryu Jeong A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe report the case of a 37‐year‐old man who underwent excision of small benign abdominal wall masses using a vacuum‐assisted biopsy device designed for breast biopsy (Mammotome®). To our knowledge, this is the first application of such a device to remove a soft tissue mass other than a breast lesion. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008
Intravenous glial‐derived neurotrophic factor gene therapy of experimental Parkinson's disease with Trojan horse liposomes and a tyrosine hydroxylase promoter
Authors: Xia Chun‐Fang , Boado Ruben J. , Zhang Yun , Chu Chun , Pardridge William M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundRats with experimental Parkinson's disease (PD) are treated with intravenous glial‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) plasmid DNA, non‐viral gene therapy using Trojan horse liposomes (THLs) targeted with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the rat transferrin receptor (TfR). Expression of the transgene is confined to catecholaminergic cells by placement of the GDNF gene under the influence of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoter.MethodsA 13‐kb eukaryotic expression plasmid, designated pTHpro‐GDNF, is engineered in which the human prepro GDNF cDNA is driven by 8 kb of the 5′‐flanking sequence of the rat TH promoter (pro), and is 3′‐flanked by the bovine growth hormone transcription termination sequence. The pTHpro‐GDNF plasmid DNA is encapsulated in THLs targeted with a TfRMAb, and a single intravenous injection is given to rats at 2 weeks after experimental PD is induced by intra‐cerebral 6‐hydroxydopamine.ResultsExpression of the GDNF gene, under the influence of the TH promoter, is restricted compared to GDNF expression under the influence of the cytomegalovirus promoter. GDNF is elevated only in organs of the rat where TH gene expression is observed, including the substantia nigra, liver and adrenal gland. The single, delayed intravenous administration of the GDNF gene therapy causes a lasting reduction in apormorphine‐induced rotation, which is correlated with a 19‐fold increase in striatal TH enzyme activity. Both dose‐response and time‐responses are observed.ConclusionsSustained therapeutic effects are achieved in experimental PD with a delayed single intravenous dosing of GDNF plasmid DNA gene therapy, using receptor‐targeted THLs and a region‐specific promoter. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dorsal genital nerve stimulation for the treatment of overactive bladder symptoms
Authors: Goldman Howard B. , Amundsen Cindy L. , Mangel Jeffrey , Grill Julie , Bennett Maria , Gustafson Kenneth J. , Grill Warren M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAimTo evaluate percutaneous placement of electrodes adjacent to the dorsal genital nerve (DGN) and measure the effects of electrical stimulation on symptoms of urge incontinence during 1 week of home use.MethodsProspective, multicenter study. Subjects with urge incontinence underwent percutaneous placement of an electrode using local anesthetic. Test stimulation was applied to confirm electrode placement and cystometry was conducted with and without application of electrical stimulation. A 7‐day testing period with the electrode connected to an external pulse generator was performed and was followed by a 3‐day post‐treatment test period. Bladder diaries, 24 hr pad tests, and adverse event queries were obtained.ResultsTwenty‐one women were enrolled with an average age of 52.7 years and average duration of incontinence of 6 years. Percutaneous electrode placement required 5–10 min and was well tolerated. There was no relationship between the acute effects of stimulation on cystometry and the results during home use. Pad weight was reduced by ≥ 50% in 13 of 17 subjects (76%) (4 did not complete 24 hr pad testing) and 47% of subjects reported ≥50% reduction in incontinence episodes. Of the subjects who reported severe urgency at baseline, 81% experienced a 50% or greater improvement. Seven subjects experienced nine adverse events ranging from skin irritation to pain and bruising around the electrode exit site.ConclusionsElectrodes to stimulate the DGN can be placed percutaneously and a home testing period showed a reduction in overactive bladder symptoms with DGN stimulation. Neurourol. Urodynam. 27:499–503, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanism of bladder dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Sakakibara Ryuji , Kanda Takemasa , Sekido Tetsutoshi , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Awa Yusuke , Ito Takashi , Liu Zhi , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Yamanishi Tomonori , Yuasa Tatsuhiko , Shirai Koji , Hattori Takamichi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAimTo elucidate the mechanism of bladder dysfunction in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) by a urodynamic study.MethodsForty‐two patients with possible iNPH, who were diagnosed by clinical symptoms/signs (gait, cognitive, and urinary disorders) with typical imaging features (ventricular enlargement) and normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure, were enrolled. The subjects included 36 men and 6 women; mean age, 72 years (62–83 years). All patients underwent a urodynamic test according to the definitions and methods proposed by the International Continence Society.ResultsLower urinary tract symptoms were seen in 93% of the patients, with storage symptoms (93%) being more common than voiding symptoms (71%); and urinary urgency (overactive bladder) (64%)/frequency (64%) being more common than urinary incontinence (57%). The mean values for the maximum flow rate and post‐void residual (PVR) volume were 11.7 ml/sec and 42.1 ml, respectively. PVR >100 ml was noted in six patients (three men, three women; range, 100–228 ml). Although the majority of patients had normal bladder volume at the first sensation (mean 134 ml), bladder capacity was small (mean 200 ml) and detrusor overactivity was seen in 95% of patients.ConclusionsWhile incontinence can result secondarily from gait disturbance or dementia, detrusor overactivity mostly underlies urinary urgency/frequency and incontinence in iNPH. Neurourol. Urodynam. 27:507–510, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of race on vincristine‐associated neurotoxicity in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Renbarger Jamie L. , McCammack Kevin C. , Rouse Caroline E. , Hall Stephen D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundThis report examines the association between race and vincristine‐associated neurotoxicity in pediatric patients with precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (preB ALL). Given that in vitro vincristine is metabolized more efficiently by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 than by CYP3A4 and that 70% African‐Americans (vs. 20% of Caucasians) express CYP3A5, one may hypothesize that African‐Americans metabolize vincristine more efficiently resulting in lower vincristine exposure and associated‐toxicity.ProcedureA retrospective analysis of vincristine‐related side effects in pediatric patients treated for preB ALL was performed. Data were compared between Caucasians (n = 92) and African‐Americans (n = 21) to examine the relationship between race and vincristine‐associated neurotoxicity thus using race as a surrogate for CYP3A5 genotype. Race, age, gender, disease subtype, highest grade of vincristine‐associated neurotoxicity (per NIH Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0), number of omitted and reduced vincristine doses, cumulative vincristine dose, and disease outcome were captured.Results34.8% of Caucasians experienced symptoms consistent with vincristine‐related neurotoxicity compared to 4.8% of African‐Americans (P = 0.007). The average grade of neurotoxicity for Caucasians was 2.72 versus grade 1 neurotoxicity in the African‐American (P < 0.0001). Four percent of total doses administered to Caucasian patients were reduced due to vincristine‐related neurotoxicity compared to 0.1% given to African‐Americans (P < 0.0001). 1.2% of all protocol‐indicated doses for Caucasians were held due to severe vincristine‐associated toxicity compared to 0.1% of doses for African‐Americans (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe data support the hypothesis pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in CYP3A5 expression contribute to variability in vincristine metabolism and neurotoxicity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:769–771. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Räumliche Porträts in Glas. Spielwiese
Authors: Ucke Christian , Schlichting Hans‐Joachim 
Published: December 2007

AbstractNichtlineare optische Effekte ermöglichen räumliche Gravuren im Innern eines massiven Glasblocks. Dessen Anblick zeigt außerdem die von Aquarien her bekannten Vervielfältigungen mit und ohne Seitenverkehrungen des Portraits. Schließlich lassen sich durch einen Blick von hinten die faszinierenden Phänomene des Hohlmaskeneffektes untersuchen.
Poly(phenylene sulfide) magnetic composites. I. Relations of percolation between rheology, electrical, and magnetic properties
Authors: Wu Defeng , Wu Lanfeng , Gao Fei , Zhang Ming , Yan Changhao , Zhou Weidong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPoly(phenylene sulfide)/ferrosoferric oxide composites (PPS/Fe3O4) with various loading levels were prepared by melt compounding. The microstructure of composites was investigated using SEM and XRD. The rheological, electrical and magnetic properties were characterized respectively by the parallel plate rheometer, high resistance meter, and magnetometer. The results reveal that the Fe3O4 particles are well dispersed in the PPS matrix due to their nice affinity, which results in a weak strain overshoot at large amplitude oscillatory level. Both the rheological and the electrical responses of the composites show a typical percolation behavior. But the rheological percolation presents lower threshold (< 40 wt %) than that of electrical percolation (∼ 50 wt %), which is attributed to the difference structure of the percolation network. The magnetic response, however, shows good linear relation with Fe3O4 loadings, indicating that the physical percolation has little influence on the magnetic properties. This is mainly due to the yielded long‐range magnetic interactions among Fe3O4 particles in the applied field, which are far stronger than those nonmagnetic physical interactions accounting for percolation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 233–243, 2008