bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carcinoma arising in a pleomorphic adenoma of the epiglottis
Authors: Milford C. A. , Mugliston T. A. , O'Flynn P. , McCarthy K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDespite the abundance of minor salivary glands within the larynx, pleomorphic adenomas are rarely found. It is therefore not surprising that there are few reports of malignant mixed tumours in this site. We describe a case of carcinoma arising in a pleomorphic adenoma of the epiglottis which, to our knowledge, has not been described previously.The patient underwent a horizontal partial laryngectomy and functional neck dissection and is well one year post-operatively. We feel this represents a suitable approach to treatment for this rare tumour.
Resection with laser and high frequency cutting loop in tracheo-bronchial diseases
Authors: Illum P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA total of 23 patients have been treated endoscopically during the last three and a half years for a variety of diseases in the tracheo-bronchial tree; nine had a tracheal stenosis. Thirteen patients have been treated by resection with a high frequency cutting loop, eleven with a CO2-laser and one with an argon laser. A total of 44 treatments have been performed. Half of the treatments were given because of various malignant diseases.The results of the treatment of this very mixed group of patients were, as a whole, satisfactory with both CO2-laser and cutting loop. A more precise technique can be applied with the CO2-laser than the cutting loop, though the latter is the more efficient and easy to work with. Care must be taken with the loop because of its greater cutting depth.The argon laser has only limited use in the treatment of diseases in the trachea.
Ossifying lipoma
Authors: Blanshard J. D. , Veitch D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLipomata are the most common benign tumour of the head and neck. They may undergo a variety of changes, one of which is ossification which, although rarely seen, has a characteristic radiographic appearance. We present a case of a retropharyngeal lipoma which demonstrates ossification and discuss the features which differentiate this from an osseous lipoma. Current theories on the aetiology of lipomata and their ossification are reviewed.
An avoidable occupational hazard during mastoid surgery
Authors: Lannigan F. J. , Jones N. S. , von Schoenberg M. V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractConjunctival innoculation is a previously unrecognized hazard for the otologist during mastoid surgery. This experiment assesses the spread of droplet contamination during temporal bone dissection. The results suggest that otologists and assistants should wear eye protection during exposure of the mastoid antrum by drilling.
Invasive pituitary adenoma presenting with nasal obstruction
Authors: Dent J. A. , Rickhuss P. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report two cases of massive invasive pituitary adenoma with the unusual presentation of nasal obstruction. In both cases the diagnosis was only made when the obstructing tissue was removed. Cases reported previously have usually presented with severe focal neurological signs or a long history of neurological symptoms. These two cases are unusual in having minimal neurological deficits despite the extension of tumour into the nasopharynx and the middle and posterior cranial fossae. These extensions were well illustrated by computerised tomography. This unusual presentation is discussed with reference to the literature.
Long term pathological sequelae of neonatal endotracheal intubation
Authors: Gould S. J. , Graham J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn neonates, acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS) is the most serious long term complication of endotracheal intubation. In this case report, we describe the pathological changes in the larynx of a child who died two years after successful treatment, involving corrective surgery, for neonatally acquired SGS. Stenosis, due to dense fibrous connective tissue, was still present at death. However, there was evidence that there had been growth of the laryngeal cartilages. Disruption of the laryngeal cartilages was present anteriorly due to the antecedent surgery but major cricoid cartilage injury secondary to intubation was not seen. The crico-arytenoid joints demonstrated ankylosis and to this was attributed the abnormal quality of voice noted in the child at follow-up. The pathological changes are considered in relation to the pathology of endotracheal intubation and pathogenesis of acquired subglottic stenosis.
Osteoma of the ear canal presenting with headache
Authors: Shenoy P. , Paulose K.O. , Khalifa S. A. , Sharma R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOsteoma of external auditory canal is a rare benign tumour. Usually it is found incidentally and often symptomless. Here we have a case of osteoma arising from the anterior wall of the bony external auditory canal, causing ipsilateral temporal headache which was relieved by removal of tumour
Pharyngeal paralysis due to botulinum toxin injection
Authors: Koay C. E. , Alun-Jones T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBotulinum toxin injection is now recognized as an effective treatment for spasmodic torticollis. Complications of this increasingly popular method of treatment include mild and transient dysphagia, with or without dysphonia, lasting up to four weeks. Two cases of paralysis of vocal cord contralateral to the injected sternomastoid have also been reported. A case of severe dysphagia lasting six weeks associated with ipsilateral vocal cord palsy following botulinum toxin injection is presented. The probable mechanism for these complications is discussed.
Agenesis of the cervical internal carotid artery
Authors: Nishimura T. , Takimoto T. , Kamide M. , Ishikawa S. , Umeda R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTotal or segmental agenesis of the internal carotid artery is a rare anomaly. The cervical portion of the internal carotid artery was absent in the right side of the patient who was carried out radical surgery due to recurrent oropharyngeal cancer. Post-operative venous digital subtraction angiography revealed that the remaining intracranial portion of the internal carotid artery was normally patent and supplied blood flow via ipsilateral external carotid artery. Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck surgeon should know such a vascular anomaly and avoid a disastrous result on dividing external carotid artery.
Nasal decongestant effect of oxymetazoline in the common cold: An objective dose-response study in 106 patients
Authors: Åkerland Anders , Klint Thorsten , Olén Lars , Rundcrantz Hans 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOxymetazoline has been used as decongesting nosedrops for more than 25 years but so far no objective does-response study of the drug has been published. In this double-blind clinical trial the decongestant effect on the nasal mucosa by the doses and concentrations traditionally used of oxymetazoline were studied.In 106 men with acute infectious rhinitis, a significant dose-response relationship was found when the decongestant effect was measured objectively by anterior rhinomanometry and subjectively by symptom scores.The concentration and volumes of the drug recommended from clinical experience seem to be adequate.
Nasal polyps and sinusitis in children with cystic fibrosis.
Authors: Drake-Lee A. B. , Morgan D. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEighteen children suffering from cystic fibrosis and nasal polyps were studied. Two patients presented with nasal polyps at two years of age; the remaining patients had an initial polypectomy at any age up to fifteen years (mean age of seven and a half years). There were no obvious correlations between the cultures of the sinus washouts and the corresponding sputum samples. Organisms were only grown from five of the fifteen wash outs and from nine of the sputum samples. The patients with severe polyposis were not obviously more atopic.
Multiple synchronous carcinoma of the aero-digestive tract
Authors: McCombe Andrew , Lund Valerie J. , Howard David J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMultiple carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract is an increasingly recognized problem, and a concept of ‘field cancerization’ has been proposed to explain this phenomena. The initial assessment of a patient with an isolated aerodigestive carcinoma must be extensive so as not to miss any synchronous lesions, and may include radiography and endoscopy. Treatment cannot be standardised but must be tailored to suit individual problems and because of the high incidence of metachronous tumours, follow-up must be both thorough and ‘lifelong’.A case of three primary synchronous squamous carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract is presented. The relevant literature is reviewed.
A coin as a tracheal foreign body for 30 years
Authors: Su Chih-Ying 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe authors describe an unusual case of a primary chondroid chordoma arising from the base of petrous temporal bone. The patient, a young male, presented with a left sided jugular foramen syndrome. The CT findings of a tumour arising from the base of the left petrous temporal bone were confirmed at infratemporal exploration. The clinical and histopathological and immunohistochemical differences between classical (typical) chordoma and its chondroid variant are highlighted. The rarity of primary chordomas at this site is stressed.
Histogenesis of salivary gland neoplasms: a postulate with prognostic implications
Authors: Batsakis John G. , Regezi Joseph A. , Luna Mario A. , El-Naggar Adel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn a continually renewing cell population, stem cells can be regarded as a reservoir of cells with a high capacity for self renewal that give rise to all differentiated progeny. They are the primary source for the generation and maintenance of cellular diversity and tissue homeostasis. In general, neoplasms manifest differentiation pathways similar to those found in the development and renewal of the normal tissues from which they arise. This feature serves as a basis for classification schemes of neoplasms and, as in the normal tissues, there is usually an inverse correlation between proliferative capacity and differentiation within the neoplasms. In our postulate of the histogenesis of salivary gland neoplasia, we evoke the stem cell model to account for the considerable phenotypic heterogeneity seen with these neoplasms. We further consider the neoplasms and, in particular, their myoepithelial constituencies to be manifestations of escape from normal regulatory mechanisms that determine differentiation pathways which a stem cell and its progeny can take. Clinical and basic scientific evidence are presented to support the postulate and also to point to the mitigating role that myoepithelial differentiation has in the biological course of salivary gland neoplasms.
Immunopathology of polymorphic reticulosis of the larynx
Authors: Nakashima Tadashi , Inamitsu Mayumi , Uemura Takuya , Sugimoto Takuya 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe treated a 28-year-old woman with initial symptoms of hoarseness. At biopsy, atypical lymphoid cells infiltrate was observed in the submucosa of the larynx and polymorphic reticulosis was diagnosed. Immunohistochemical examination of the laryngeal material obtained at autopsy revealed a strong reaction of lymphoid cells to the monoclonal antibody to human T lymphocytes. The possibility that polymorphic reticulosis is a transitional form of peripheral T cell lymphoma was confirmed.
Pharyngeal cyst arising from second branchial cleft
Authors: Takimoto T. , Akemoto Y. , Umeda R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA rare case of pharyngeal cyst arising from the second branchial cleft in a 14-year-old boy is described. A cyst located in the right posterolateral wall of the oropharynx was completely removed by an intraoral approach. Histopathological examination revealed that the cyst was lined with columnar (respiratory type) epithelium.
Pulsatile tinnitus and dural arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Morrison G. A. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of a patient presenting with left sided pulsatile tinnitus is presented. This was later shown to be due to a dural arteriovenous malformation involving the lateral venous sinus. The diagnosis was suspected by the presence of a bruit over the mastoid process and confirmed by a CT scan and angiography. Management involved pre-operative embolisation and neurosurgical excision. The differential diagnosis of pulsatile tinnitus and the management of a dural arterio venous malformation is discussed.
Primary composite squamous cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the hypopharynx
Authors: Milroy C. M. , Robinson P. J. , Grant H. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeuroendocrine carcinomas are rare neoplasms of the larynx and hypopharynx. Tumours composed of both neuroendocrine and Squamous cell elements are very rare. We report a case of a primary hypopharyngeal carcinoma composed of both squamous cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and discuss the treatment of this patient and management of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx.
Verification of a new test of endolymphatic hydrops
Authors: Thornton A. R. D. , Farrell G. , Phillips A. J. , Haacke N. P. , Rhys-Williams S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new objective test of endolymphatic hydrops has been described previously. The test uses auditory brainstem response (ABR) techniques to estimate the basilar membrane travelling wave velocity (TWV). The underlying hypothesis is that raised pressure in the scala media will lead to an increase in the stiffness of the basilar membrane and that this will give rise to a travelling wave velocity that is greater than normal.It was considered that verification of the technique could be obtained by carrying out the new test before and during a glycerol dehydration procedure. Patients who required this procedure for verification of the diagnosis or as a prognostic indicator for sacculotomy, underwent the following tests. Prior to dehydration an audiogram, the ABR TWV test and a blood sample (for plasma osmolality) were taken. The patient was then given the appropriate amount of glycerol mixed with lemon juice and laid on a bed in a test room. The audiogram and a blood sample were repeated every hour and the ABR TWV test was repeatedly carried out every twenty minutes between the other tests.Six of these procedures have been carried out. In five of them the 0.5 and 1kHz average threshold improved by at least 10dB and in all those cases the ABR TWV test showed an abnormal pre-dehydration result which moved towards the normal value following dehydration. One patient gave ABR TWV results that were within normal limits before and during the procedure and gave an audiometric change of only 5dB.These data indicate that the ABR TWV test does detect endolymphatic hydrops. The additional hardware to carry out this test has been constructed and parallel clinical trials at IHR Southampton, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, and Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, are in hand.
Acute and latent mastoiditis
Authors: Faye-Lund H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe diagnosis ‘acute;’ mastoiditis is not an unambiguous entity. It contains both ‘classical’ and ‘latent’ mastoiditis. ‘Classical’ mastoiditis was often seen before the antibiotic era, had serious complications and was cured by mastoidectomy. After the introduction of antibiotics, the number of cases of ‘classical’ mastoiditis decreased and was replaced by a more prolonged condition called ‘latent’ mastoiditis. Lately in Oslo, we have seen an increase in numbers of ‘classical’ mastoiditis and at the same time a decrease in the incidence of ‘latent’ mastoiditis. A four year study of patients with ‘classical’ mastoiditis is described.
External rhinoplasty in the tropics
Authors: Baser Brajendra , Hiranandani Navin , Grewal D. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe thick oily and pigmented skin present in majority of tropical patients makes rhinoplasty challenging surgery. Rhinoplasty by the external approach though gaining increasing acceptance all over the world is yet to gain popularity in this country. Hypertrophied scars are not uncommon in coloured skin and the reluctance to give an external incision for a cosmetic procedure is natural. We started the external rhinoplasty approach with some reservations, however in a series of over seventy cases, no significant problem has been encountered, with the columellar scar. Accurate approximation of the columellar wound is probably a more important factor in wound healing than the skin colour. Our experience of external rhinoplasty is presented.
Aberrant intratympanic internal carotid artery: a Potentially hazardous anomaly
Authors: Jacobsson M. , Davidsson Å. , Hugosson S. , Tjellström A. , Svendsen P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is presented of a 3-year-old girl with no previous history of ear disease or developmental defects who bled profusely upon (right) myringotomy. The haemorrhage could only be stopped with the aid of an ear insert and a nasopharyngeal balloon catheter. The balloon catheter was removed the following day but the girl had to use an ear insert for a total of 76 days following myringotomy because of repeated haemorrhage from the ear. The subsequent investigation using CT and angiography revealed an aberrant internal carotid artery in the middle ear.It is concluded that the one most important factor in the handling of these cases is to be aware of the existence of aberrant internal carotid arteries and to have a high degree of suspicion when encountering any abnormal clinical or radiological findings which might point in the direction of vascular abnormalities. The failure to detect this condition before any surgical intervention on the affected ear can have disastrous consequences.The method of choice in handling these cases is one of avoidance of middle ear manipulation in order not to cause haemorrhage from the aberrant artery.
Infective complications of brief nasotracheal intubation
Authors: Hariri M. A. , Duncan P. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases are described where infective complications, namely nasal septal abscess and parapharyngeal abscess, occurred after short-term (less than one hour) nasotracheal intubation. These conditions are serious as they can be life-threatening and in one case led to permanent physical disfigurement.
Impedance tympanometry and the home environment in seven-year-old children
Authors: Strachan David P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe distribution of tympanogram types among 872 seven-year-old children from a random population sample was related to 14 features of the home environment reported by parents in a questionnaire. Parental smoking was an important determinant of middle ear underpressure and effusion, and accounted for much of the associations observed with dampness, crowding and rented accommodation. Gas cooking was associated with a higher prevalence of effusion, but a lower prevalence of underpressure; this may deserve further study.After adjustment for seasonal variation, tenure and household smokers, the weekly mean temperature in the bedrooms of 34 children with Type B tympanograms was 18.2°C, compared to 17.9°C for 190 children with Type A tympanograms. The equivalent figures for bedroom relative humidity were 51.8 percent and 52.7 per cent. It is unlikely that heating or ventilation of the home is an important determinant of middle ear effusion and underpressure in this age-group.
Resection of palatal tumours with the CO2 laser
Authors: Sutter R. , Grossenbacher R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOn the basis of the authors' experience with 20 patients, CO2 laser resection of palatal tumours has proved to be a good alternative to conventional surgical resection. The CO2 laser beam permits precise resection, due to only slight intra-operative bleeding coupled with use of the operating microscope. Wound healing is good and post-operative pain remarkably little.
Efficacy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Lau S. K. , Wei W. I. , Hsu C. , Engzell U. C. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe results of a consecutive series of 1,349 fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies from the head and neck region of 1,193 patients has been reviewed in order to evaluate the efficacy of this method in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenopathy (TBLN). Of the 108 patients whose fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed granulomatous changes, 68 had subsequent surgery and histological confirmation of the cytological appearance. Sixty-three had TBLN, thus the specificity of FNAC was 93 per cent in diagnosing tuberculous related granulomatous lymphadenopathy. One false positive FNAC was reported histologically to be metastatic mucoepidermal carcinoma.Of the 1,193 patients, 90 patients had subsequently TBLN confirmed histologically. Of these 90 patients, FNA from 69 showed granulomatous changes or acid fast bacilli (AFB), thus the sensitivity of FNAC in detecting tuberculous lymphadenopathy was 77 per cent. Fifty-two cytological smears were stained for acid fast bacilli. Nineteen (37 per cent) contained AFB. It is evident from this review that FNAC is an efficient way to detect cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy.
Detection of extrinsic bronchial compression during foreign body removal by pulse oximetry
Authors: Morrissey M. S. C. , Venn P. J. H. , Chan H. Y. , Whittet H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of stridor is described which was due to the presence of a foreign body in the larynx of an infant. Following partial removal, compression of the right main bronchus was detected because of continuing low arterial oxygen saturation. The use of pulse oximetry allowed this complication to be identified, and the advantages of this method of monitoring are discussed.
Pathology of the otic capsule
Authors: Milroy C. M. , Michaels L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe otic capsule is unique in retaining calcified cartilage, known as globuli interossei, throughout life and shows changes consequently, which are peculiar to it. In Paget's disease of bone, the otic capsule appears resistant to involvement and this occurs with extensive disease at a late stage. In contrast, otosclerosis is a new bone formation of unknown cause that is limited to the otic capsule. In osteogenesis imperfecta, the poor formation of collagen leads to abnormally thin bony trabeculae with a poorly formed otic capsule. In osteopetrosis, the otic capsule is greatly expanded by increased globuli interossei, as a result of defective osteoclast function. When fractured the middle layer of the otic capsule does not form callus, but heals by fibrosis.
Hearing loss and Waardenburg's syndrome: Implications for genetic counselling
Authors: Newton Valerie 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTen families in which there were 79 individuals affected by Waardenburg's syndrome were examined for penetrance of sensorineural hearing loss and expressivity of the gene. There were 47 with Waardenburg syndrome Type 1 and 32 with Waardenburg syndrome Type II. Penetrance of senorineural hearing loss was calculated after exclusion of the probands and was found not to be significantly different between each syndrome type but to show marked interfamilial variation. A bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was present more frequently than unilateral with the proportion varying between families. Certain audiometric shapes were found to recur in the syndrome but, apart from possibly one asymmetric configuration, seem to have been described also in other conditions. The degree of hearing loss was very variable within and between families. The implications for genetic counselling are discussed and the advantages of basing risk factors upon individual families rather than syndrome types emphasized.