bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yoctomole analysis of ganglioside metabolism in PC12 cellular homogenates
Authors: Whitmore Colin D. , Olsson Ulf , Larsson E. Andreas , Hindsgaul Ole , Palcic Monica M. , Dovichi Norman J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe report an ultrasensitive method for the analysis of glycosphingolipid catabolism. The substrate GM1 and the set of seven metabolites into which it can be degraded (GA1, GM2, GA2, GM3, LacCer, GlcCer, and Cer) were labeled with the highly fluorescent dye tetramethylrhodamine. CE with LIF detection was used to assay these compounds with 150 ± 80 yoctomole mass (1 ymol = 10−24 mol = 0.6 copies) detection limits and 5 ± 3 pM concentration detection limits. An alignment algorithm based on migration of two components was employed to correct for drift in the separation. The within‐day and between‐day precision in peak height was 20%, in peak width 15%, and in adjusted migration time 0.03%. After normalization to total sample injected, the RSD in peak height reduced to 2–6%, which approaches the limit set by molecular shot noise in the number of molecules taken for analysis. PC12 cells were incubated with the labeled GM1. Fluorescent microscopy demonstrated uptake by the cells. CE was used to separate a cellular homogenate prepared from these cells. A set of peaks was observed, which were tentatively identified based on comigration with the standards. Roughly 120 pL of homogenate was injected, which contained a total of 150 zmol of labeled substrate and products. Metabolite that preserves the fluorescent label can be detected at the yoctomole level, which should allow characterization of this metabolic pathway in single cells.
Studies on the interactions between lactam analogs and the N‐terminal extracellular tail of CC chemokine receptor 4 by CZE
Authors: Sun Zhe , Ling Xiaomei , Sun Wei , Xiao Junhai , Yin Caihua , Wang Ying 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is a kind of G‐protein‐coupled receptors with a characteristic seven‐transmembrane structure and selectively expressed on Th2‐type CD4+ T‐cells, which play a pivotal role in allergic inflammation. In this study, the interactions between 2‐(2‐(2,4‐dichloro‐phenyl)‐4‐{[(2‐methyl‐3‐chloro‐phenyl)‐1‐ylmethyl]‐carbamoyl}‐methyl)‐5‐oxo‐pyrrole‐1‐yl)‐N‐(3‐piperidinyl‐propyl)‐acetamide (compound A), a known CCR4 antagonist, and ML40 were studied by CZE for the first time. Both qualitative and quantitative characterizations of the drug–peptide binding were determined. The binding constant of the interaction between the trans‐diastereomer of compound A and ML40, calculated from the Scatchard plot by regression, was (1.06 ± 0.11)×105/M. Also, it was confirmed that the trans‐diastereomer was more potent affinity with CCR4 than its cis‐counterpart. The experimental results show that this reported method by CZE for the determination of the compound A and ML40 interactions is powerful, sensitive, and fast, requires less amounts of reagents, and further, it can be employed as one of the reliable screening methods to a series of lactam analogs in the drug discovery for allergic inflammation diseases.
Mild cognitive impairment: a risk indicator of later dementia, or a preclinical phase of the disease?
Authors: Guarch J. , Marcos T. , Salamero M. , Gastó C. , Blesa R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectivesThe proposals for classifying the transitional range between normal, ageing‐associated cognitive dysfunctions and those suggestive of evolution towards dementia do not clarify whether the profiles are risk indicators of later cognitive impairment or represent preclinical phases of dementia.MethodsRetrospective study of the baseline neuropsychological performance of ten subjects with subjective complaints of memory loss which evolved to dementia within 2 years and who meet clinical and neurological diagnosis for Probable Alzheimer's Disease (Progression group). They were compared with 34 normal subjects (Normative group), 33 patients with subjective complaints of memory who in 2 year did not evolve towards dementia and presented a stable profile (Stable group), and 47 Alzheimer's patients (Alzheimer group). A broad neuropsychological battery was administered to assess a range of cognitive functions.ResultsThe Progression group presented a globally poor baseline neuropsychological performance, except in Working Memory, with clear deficits in Episodic Memory and Visual Memory. In the logistic regression analysis, Delayed Verbal Memory was significant as prognostic value for 80 · 5% of cases.ConclusionDeficit on Episodic and Visual Memory at least 1.5 SD below T = 50 are preclinical manifestations of dementia in subjects with complain of memory loss. The use of broad neuropsychological batteries and the quantitative assessment of deficits is essential to identify and predict the risk of dementia. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell proliferation inhibition and antitumor activity of novel alkyl series of diorganotin(IV) compounds
Authors: Koch Biplob , Baul Tushar S. Basu , Chatterjee Anupam 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDiorganotin(IV) compounds, R2SnCl2 are often tetrahedral, and structurally resemble the active platinum compounds, i.e. cisplatin, and consequently a large number of such complexes have been tested for antitumor activity. A structural correlation with biological activity for diorganotin(IV) complexes has shown that active species are associated with complexes having Sn–N bonds longer than 2.39 Å which in turn determines the formation of a tin–DNA complex. In view of these, a series of diorganotin(IV) dichloride complexes of N‐(2‐pyridylmethylene)arylamine (nitrogen‐chelating ligands) has been synthesized and characterized on the basis of IR, NMR and 119Sn‐Mössbauer studies. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine the comparative antiproliferative and antitumor effect of diorganotin(IV) complexes with different alkyl groups [Me2SnCl2·L1 (OTC‐1), Et2SnCl2·L2 (OTC‐2) and nBu2SnCl2·L2 (OTC‐3)]. The present study in human lymphocytes demonstrated that these diorganotin(IV) complexes could block the cell cycle progression and induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) significantly, however, with respect to the induction of chromosome aberrations (CAs) it was very mild. Both the levels of p53 and p16 proteins were raised after diorganotin(IV) treatment and such induction was maximum in the OTC‐3 treated samples. The antitumor activity was determined in accordance with the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) standard protocol for primary screening in Dalton's lymphoma that was maintained by serial intraperitoneal transplantation. The T/C (treated/control) value was increased (186% with OTC‐3) when diorganotin(IV) was given after transplantation. The data suggest that the OTC‐3 has better antiproliferative and antitumor activity and endogenous glutathione level has no influence on the effect of OTC‐3. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytogenetic analysis of tannery workers in Morocco
Authors: Hilali A. , Anane R. , Jaaouani N. , Creppy E. E. , Verschaeve L. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study investigated the possible genetic effects in blood lymphocytes of tannery workers from Morocco being professionally exposed to multiple chemical agents. It was shown that the frequencies of cells with chromosome aberrations and micronuclei were significantly increased in the lymphocytes of the workers compared with the frequencies found in an unexposed control population. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased resorptive activity and accompanying morphological alterations in osteoclasts derived from the oim/oim mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Zhang Hao , Doty Stephen B. , Hughes Christine , Dempster David , Camacho Nancy Pleshko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe current study addresses whether alterations in osteoclasts (OCs) derived from oim/oim mice, an established model of moderate‐to‐severe OI, are present. Bone marrow cells from oim/oim and wildtype (+/+) mice were cultured on bone slices in the presence of MCSF and RANKL and evaluated at days 0, 1, 2, 4, and 7. OCs were identified by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and bone slice resorption pits were analyzed by reflection microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to examine CD51 (integrin αV) and CD61 (integrin β3) markers. Confocal microscopy was used to assess changes in OC morphology and resorption. There was no difference between the OC precursors of the two genotypes in expression of CD51 and CD61 markers. At day 2, the bone slices seeded with oim/oim cells had a greater percentage of mononuclear cells associated with resorption pits compared to +/+ bone slices. At day 4, the diameter and area of oim/oim OCs were larger compared to the +/+ OCs, and the number of nuclei per OC was also greater for the oim/oim group. At day 7, the oim/oim OCs contained more F‐actin rings compared to the +/+ OCs, and the number of OCs in the oim/oim group was greater compared to the +/+ group. The resorbed area of bone slices for the oim/oim group was also greater compared to the +/+ group at day 7. In conclusion, oim/oim mononuclear resorbing cells and OCs showed cellular changes and greater resorptive activity compared to +/+ cells, features that likely contribute to dysregulated bone remodeling in OI. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 1011–1020, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Marlin‐1 is expressed in testis and associates to the cytoskeleton and GABAB receptors
Authors: Vidal René L. , Ramírez Alfredo , Castro Maite , Concha Ilona I. , Couve Andrés 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMarlin‐1 is a GABAB receptor and Jak tyrosine kinase‐binding protein that also associates with RNA and microtubules. In humans and rodents, expression of Marlin‐1 is predominantly restricted to the brain, but expression in lymphoid cells has also been reported. Here, we have studied the distribution of Marlin‐1 in testis and spermatozoa. Our results indicate that Marlin‐1 is highly expressed in testis. The protein is abundant in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatozoa, and Sertoli cells. We also have studied the subcellular distribution in spermatozoa. Marlin‐1 is present in the tail and to a lesser degree in the head of the sperm cell. Finally, we have explored two protein interactions. Our findings demonstrate that Marlin‐1 associates with a microtubule fraction and with GABAB receptors in testis suggesting that the set of protein interactions of Marlin‐1 are conserved in different tissues. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 886–895, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NCX3 is a major functional isoform of the sodium–calcium exchanger in osteoblasts
Authors: Sosnoski Donna M. , Gay Carol V. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe calcium phosphate‐based skeleton of vertebrates serves as the major reservoir for metabolically available calcium ions. The skeleton is formed by osteoblasts which first secrete a proteinaceous matrix and then provide Ca++ for the calcification process. The two calcium efflux ports found in most cells are the plasma membrane Ca‐ATPase (PMCA) and the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX). In osteoblasts, PMCA and NCX are located on opposing sides of the cell with NCX facing the mineralizing bone surface. Two isoforms of NCX have been identified in osteoblasts NCX1, and NCX3. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which each of the two NCX isoforms support delivery of Ca++ into sites of calcification and to discern if one could compensate for the other. SiRNA technology was used to knockdown each isoform separately in MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts. Osteoblasts in which either NCX1 or NCX3 was impaired were tested for Ca++ efflux using the Ca++ specific fluorophore, fluo‐4, in a sodium‐dependent calcium uptake assay adapted for image analysis. NCX3 was found to serve as a major contributor of Ca++ translocation out of osteoblasts into calcifying bone matrix. NCX1 had little to no involvement. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1101–1110, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chromatin organization and nuclear microenvironments in cancer cells
Authors: He Shihua , Dunn Katherine L. , Espino Paula S. , Drobic Bojan , Li Lin , Yu Jenny , Sun Jian‐Min , Chen Hou Yu , Pritchard Susan , Davie James R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNuclear morphometric descriptors such as nuclear size, shape, DNA content and chromatin organization are used by pathologists as diagnostic markers for cancer. However, our knowledge of events resulting in changes in nuclear shape and chromatin organization in cancer cells is limited. Nuclear matrix proteins, which include lamins, transcription factors (Sp1) and histone modifying enzymes (histone deacetylases), and histone modifications (histone H3 phosphorylation) have roles in organizing chromatin in the interphase nucleus, regulating gene expression programs and determining nuclear shape. Histone H3 phosphorylation, a downstream target of the Ras‐mitogen activated protein kinase pathway, is involved in neoplastic transformation. This article will review genetic and epigenetic events that alter chromatin organization in cancer cells and the role of the nuclear matrix in determining nuclear morphology. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 2004–2015, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of apoptosis in human laryngeal cancer cells by E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papillomavirus 16
Authors: Liu Han Ching , Chen George G. , Vlantis Alexander C. , Tse Gary M. , Chan Anthony T.C. , van Hasselt C. Andrew 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe carcinogenesis of human papillomaviruses type 16 (HPV‐16) is mainly due to its two oncoproteins, E6 and E7. Their carcinogenic features in term of their relationship with Bcl‐2 family are still unclear. We thus aimed to analyze the expression of Bcl‐2 family members, Bcl‐2, Bax, and Bak in laryngeal cancer cells transfected with the E6 or E7 and to determine the sensitivity of these cells to apoptotic stimuli. We employed two human laryngeal cancer cell lines, UMSCC12 and UMSCC11A in this study. These two cell lines were stably transfected with HPV16 E6, E7 or empty vector, pcDNA3.1. We found that E6 and E7 inhibited apoptosis induced by TNF‐α/CHX in both UMSCC11A and UMSCC12 cells, enhanced the stability of Bcl‐2 protein and increased the degradation of Bak protein. Furthermore, it was found that HPV‐16 E7 statistically enhanced the expression of Bcl‐2 in laryngeal cancer. The alteration of Bak by E6 and E7 was not through the influence on the Bak promoter, as the luciferase assay showed that neither E6 nor E7 changed the Bak promoter activity. We conclude that the evasion of apoptosis mediated by HPV‐16 E6 and E7 is associated with increased Bcl‐2 and decreased Bak in laryngeal carcinogenesis and that the decreased level of Bak by E6 and E7 is not caused by the regulation of the Bak promoter but by reducing its protein stability. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1125–1143, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Targeting cell signaling pathways for drug discovery: An old lock needs a new key
Authors: Aggarwal Bharat B. , Sethi Gautam , Baladandayuthapani Veera , Krishnan Sunil , Shishodia Shishir 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this age of targeted therapy, the failure of most current drug‐discovery efforts to yield safe, effective, and inexpensive drugs has generated widespread concern. Successful drug development has been stymied by a general focus on target selection rather than clinical safety and efficacy. The very process of validating the targets themselves is inefficient and in many cases leads to drugs having poor efficacy and undesirable side effects. Indeed, some rationally designed drugs (e.g., inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bcr‐abl, and proteasomes) are ineffective against cancers and other inflammatory conditions and produce serious side effects. Since any given cancer carries mutations in an estimated 300 genes, this raises an important question about how effective these targeted therapies can ever be against cancer. Thus, it has become necessary to rethink drug development strategies. This review analyzes the shortcomings of rationally designed target‐specific drugs against cancer cell signaling pathways and evaluates the available options for future drug development. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 580–592, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Red mold rice ameliorates impairment of memory and learning ability in intracerebroventricular amyloid β‐infused rat by repressing amyloid β accumulation
Authors: Lee Chun‐Lin , Kuo Tzong‐Fu , Wang Jyh‐Jye , Pan Tzu‐Ming 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAmyloid β (Aβ) peptide related to the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) damaged neurons and further resulted in dementia. Monascus‐fermented red mold rice (RMR), a traditional Chinese medicine as well as health food, includes monacolins (with the same function as statins) and multifunctional metabolites. In this study, ethanol extract of RMR (RE) was used to evaluate neuroprotection against Aβ40 neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Furthermore, the effects of dietary administration of RMR on memory and learning abilities are confirmed in an animal model of AD rats infused with Aβ40 into the cerebral ventricle. During continuous Aβ40 infusion for 28 days, the rats of test groups were administered RMR or lovastatin. Memory and learning abilities were evaluated in the water maze and passive avoidance tasks. After sacrifice, cerebral cortex and hippocampus were collected for the examination of AD risk factors. The in vitro results clearly indicate that RE provides stronger neuroprotection in rescuing cell viability as well as repressing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. RMR administration potently reverses the memory deficit in the memory task. Aβ40 infusion increases acetylcholinesterase activity, reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation and decreases total antioxidant status and superoxide dismutase activity in brain, but these damages were potently reversed by RMR administration, and the protection was more significant than that with lovastatin administration. The protection provided by RMR is able to prevent Aβ fibrils from being formed and deposited in hippocampus and further decrease Aβ40 accumulation, even though Aβ40 solution was infused into brain continuously. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peroxiredoxin 2 overexpression protects cortical neuronal cultures from ischemic and oxidative injury but not glutamate excitotoxicity, whereas Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 overexpression protects only against oxidative injury
Authors: Boulos Sherif , Meloni Bruno P. , Arthur Peter G. , Bojarski Christina , Knuckey Neville W. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe previously reported that peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) proteins are up‐regulated in rat primary neuronal cultures following erythropoietin (EPO) preconditioning. In the present study, we have demonstrated that adenovirally mediated overexpression of PRDX2 in cortical neuronal cultures can protect neurons from in vitro ischemia (oxygen‐glucose deprivation) and an oxidative insult (cumene hydroperoxide) but not glutamate excitotoxicity. We have also demonstrated that adenovirally mediated overexpression of SOD1 in cortical neuronal cultures protected neurons only against the oxidative insult. Interestingly, we did not detect up‐regulation of PRDX2 or SOD1 protein in the rat hippocampus following exposure to either 3 min or 8 min of global cerebral ischemia. Further characterization of PRDX2's neuroprotective mechanisms may aid in the development of a neuroprotective therapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Divalent metal transporter 1 up‐regulation is involved in the 6‐hydroxydopamine‐induced ferrous iron influx
Authors: Song Ning , Jiang Hong , Wang Jun , Xie Jun‐Xia 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe reasons underlying the high iron content found in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) are largely unknown. We suppose, based on our previous studies, that the newly discovered iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) might be involved in this SN iron accumulation process. To investigate this, we first observed the cellular expression of DMT1 in rat SN, both with the iron response element (+IRE) and without the IRE (−IRE) forms. The results showed that both forms of DMT1 were expressed on neurons, astrocytes, and microglia but not on oligodendrocytes. We further observed the relationship between the increased iron influx and DMT1 expression in 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA)‐treated C6 cells. 6‐OHDA (10 μmol/liter) caused a significant increase in ferrous iron influx, with the increased expression of DMT1+IRE, both in protein and in mRNA levels, whereas no change was observed for DMT1−IRE. To clarify further that the increased expression of DMT1 was not due to the increased intracellular iron content, C6 cells were overloaded with ferric ammonium citrate (100 μg/ml). Decreased expression of both forms of DMT1 was observed. Our data suggest that DMT1 is highly expressed in rat SN in a cell‐specific manner. Increased DMT1+IRE expression is the mechanism behind ferrous iron influx induced by 6‐OHDA treatment in C6 cells. This may give some evidence for the involvement of DMT1 in the iron accumulation in PD. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current and future sources of raw materials for the long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid market
Authors: Bimbo Anthony P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMuch is being written in the popular and scientific press about the impending shortage of fish oil in its key markets. While most of the concerns are aimed at the aquaculture industry where fish oil and fishmeal are highly desired products, questions have also been raised from groups within the nutritional oils and nutraceutical industry. The concerns have been fueled by ominous predictions of impending doom because ocean fish are being pursued to extinction. While the questions related to aquaculture have and continue to receive responses (1, 2, 3), the issue of raw materials for the long‐chain ω‐3, nutritional oils or nutraceutical market has not been specifically addressed. This paper attempts to put the ω‐3 fish oil situation regarding the nutritional oils industry into perspective.
Corrosion monitoring in a straw‐fired power plant using an electrochemical noise probe
Authors: Cappeln F. , Bjerrum N.J. , Petrushina I.M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractElectrochemical Noise Measurements have been carried out in situ in a straw‐fired power plant using an experimental probe constructed from alumina and AISI 347 steel. Based on a framework of controlled laboratory experiments it has been found that electrochemical noise has the unique ability to provide in‐situ monitoring of intergranular corrosion in progress. The probe had a lifetime of two months. It was shown that down‐time corrosion in the boiler was negligible. Electrochemical noise data indicated that metal temperatures around 590°C should be avoided as the intergranular corrosion is at an increased level at this temperature, most likely because of favorable conditions for molten salt film condensation.
Polyamine compound as a volatile corrosion inhibitor for atmospheric corrosion of mild steel*
Authors: Zhang D.‐Q. , Gao L.‐X. , Zhou G.‐D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBis‐piperidiniummethyl‐urea (BPMU) was developed as a volatile corrosion inhibitor (VCI) for mild steel. Its vapor corrosion inhibition property was evaluated by volatile inhibiting sieve test (VIS). Electrochemical measurements were conducted in simulated atmospheric corrosion water. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a volatile corrosion inhibitor monitor cell (VCIM) was applied to study the effect of BPMU on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel under a thin electrolyte layer. The results show that BPMU has good protection effect for steel. It suppressed the anodic reaction of the steel electrode in a manner of promoted passivation. Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the adsorption of BPMU on the steel surface.