bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal synthesis of hollow twinning ZnO microstructures
Authors: Zhao Wei , Song Xinyu , Chen Guozhu , Sun Sixiu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTwo kinds of hollow twinning ZnO microstructures were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method without additional templates or any surfactants. Dumbbell‐like and shuttle‐like ZnO microstructures with hollows were obtained by changing the materials source. The products were characterized by X‐ray power diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It was found that different precursors may be responsible for the formation of two different morphologies. Based on the time‐dependent experiments, we investigated the growth process of these hollow twinning structures and found the “Ostwald‐ripening process” played an important role. The interesting point of this growth process was that the interface of the two twinning structure performed as the activate center where the Ostwald‐ripening process carried out. We also investigated the luminescent properties of the as‐obtained products by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nd(III) and Yb(III) ions incorporated in Y4Al2O9 obtained by sol‐gel method: synthesis, structure, crystals and luminescence
Authors: Lipińska L. , Rzepka A. , Ryba‐Romanowski R. , Klimm D. , Ganschow S. , Diduszko R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe nanocrystalline powders of Y4Al2O9 (YAM) pure and doped by Nd, Yb and codoped by Nd and Yb were obtained via modified sol‐gel method. These powders were characterized by X‐ray diffraction method, scanning electron microscopy and high resolution scanning electron microscopy, luminescence spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis (DTA). We obtained single phase powders of crystalline structure with average size 70 nm exhibiting interesting luminescent properties. Efficient non‐radiative energy transfer between Nd and Yb was found. DTA confirmed the phase transition at about 1400 °C. From these nanocrystalline powders, the crystals YAM:Yb, YAM:Yb,Nd were grown by micro‐pulling down technique. They were cracking during cooling owing to the phase transition. Luminescent properties of YAM:Nd,Yb crystals were identical with properties of corresponding nanopowders within experimental incertitude. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of nano‐crystalline zeolite β: Effects of crystallization parameters
Authors: Modhera B. , Chakraborty M. , Parikh P. A. , Jasra R. V. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe effects of variation in Si/Al ratio (25 and 100) and crystallization temperature (80 °C to 180 °C, at an interval of 20 K) on crystal size of zeolite β were studied. Products obtained at different synthesis parameters were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption. Increase in crystal size with crystallization temperature and Si/Al molar ratio was observed. Crystal morphology at 140 °C was spherical whereas at 180 °C it was of irregular shape. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Novel link adaptation for TETRA cellular systems
Authors: Tarchi Daniele , Fantacci Romano , Tanriover Cagri , Honary Bahram 
Published: November 2008

AbstractOne of the main challenges for future wireless systems is to enhance the effective data throughput by exploiting the allocated bandwidth as much as possible. Among several approaches at different layers, one of the most important is constituted by the so‐called link adaptation (LA) techniques. They are characterized by the adaptation of a set of transmission parameters to the channel state in order to improve performance. In this context, this paper is focused on the analysis of a particular class of LA techniques called adaptive modulation and coding, where the modulation and coding rate of transmission can vary according to the channel behavior. In particular, a novel LA algorithm, namely the timed window (TW) method, suitable for time‐division Duplex systems is proposed here. The performance of the TW algorithm is evaluated by taking actual user mobility conditions, communication channel behavior, as well as the physical layer effects into account. Finally, it is important to stress that, even if the wireless bearer considered in this study is TETRA (TErrestrial Trunked RAdio), the approach is quite general and it can be of interest for other wireless networks and can be optimized for different channel models (e.g. TU50, HT200, etc.). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytology of a sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma with unusual coexpression of S‐100 protein: A case report, review of the literature and cytologic–histologic correlation
Authors: Gadre Swarupa A. , Math Santosh K. S. , Elfeel Khalid A. , Farghaly Hanan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC) is an aggressive variant of renal cell carcinoma; it is an uncommon, malignant neoplasm, and its diagnosis is usually based on the histologic evaluation of a nephrectomy specimen. Patients are treated with systemic therapy and, generally, a nephrectomy is not performed. Therefore, arriving at an accurate diagnosis is critical for planning further management. Cytomorphological findings of SRCC have rarely been reported. This article reports the cytological findings in a case of SRCC composed predominantly of spindle cells and discusses its differential diagnosis in a 50‐year‐old female who presented with sharp right groin pain. A CT scan showed an enlargement of the right kidney. Cytology smears showed a malignant neoplasm composed predominantly of spindle cells. A panel of immunohistochemical stains performed on a core biopsy confirmed the epithelial nature of the spindle cells. A diffuse positive staining of the neoplastic cells for S‐100 protein was also observed. It has been reported in the medical literature that almost all SRCC cases demonstrate negative staining for S‐100 protein, with only a single case having been reported as focally positive. The cytologic differential diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasm with expression of S‐100 protein should be broadened to include SRCC. Furthermore, the S‐100 protein expression in SRCC that was observed in this case merits further investigation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Essential role for the alpha 1 chain of type VIII collagen in Zebrafish notochord formation
Authors: Gansner John M. , Gitlin Jonathan D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSeveral zebrafish mutants identified in large‐scale forward genetic screens exhibit notochord distortion. We now report the cloning and further characterization of one such mutant, gulliverm208 (gulm208). The notochord defect in gulm208 mutants is exacerbated under conditions of copper depletion or lysyl oxidase cuproenzyme inhibition that are without a notochord effect on wild‐type embryos. The gulm208 phenotype results from a missense mutation in the gene encoding Col8a1, a lysyl oxidase substrate, and morpholino knockdown of col8a1 recapitulates the notochord distortion observed in gulm208 mutants. Of interest, the amino acid mutated in gulm208 Col8a1 is highly conserved, and the equivalent substitution in a closely related human protein, COL10A1, causes Schmid metaphyseal chondrodysplasia. Taken together, the data identify a new protein essential for notochord morphogenesis, extend our understanding of gene–nutrient interactions in early development, and suggest that human mutations in COL8A1 may cause structural birth defects. Developmental Dynamics 237:3715–3726, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Caspase‐2L, caspase‐9, and caspase‐3 during in vitro maturation and fragmentation of the mouse oocyte
Authors: Arnault Emilie , Tosca Lucie , Courtot Anne‐Marie , Doussau Mireille , Pesty Arlette , Finaz Catherine , Allemand Isabelle , Lefèvre Brigitte 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that apoptotic pathways control fragmentation of unfertilized ovulated oocyte, induced by doxorubicin. But very few have investigated the basis of this process, from prophase I to later stages. Our results revealed the presence of caspase‐2L, caspase‐9, and caspase‐3 in their zymogen and cleaved forms in the oocyte before meiosis resumption. Caspase‐2Land caspase‐9 were detected in the nucleus of GV‐oocytes in a distribution related to chromatin configuration. The inhibition of caspase activity by Z‐VAD‐fmk accelerated the transition from metaphase I to metaphase II, and caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 were detected along the meiotic spindle. Surprisingly, Western blot analysis revealed that the three cleaved caspases were present in similar amounts in healthy and fragmented oocytes and caspase inhibition did not prevent doxorubicin‐induced apoptosis. Our results suggest that, if cleaved, caspases may be dispensable for final oocyte death and they could be involved in regulating the maturation process. Developmental Dynamics 237:3892–3903, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatiotemporal features of neurogenesis in the retina of medaka, Oryzias latipes
Authors: Kitambi Satish S. , Malicki Jarema J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe vertebrate retina is very well conserved in evolution. Its structure and functional features are very similar in phyla as different as primates and teleost fish. Here, we describe the spatiotemporal characteristics of neurogenesis in the retina of a teleost, medaka, and compare them with other species, primarily the zebrafish. Several intriguing differences are observed between medaka and zebrafish. For example, photoreceptor differentiation in the medaka retina starts independently in two different areas, and at more advanced stages of differentiation, medaka and zebrafish retinae display obviously different patterns of the photoreceptor cell mosaic. Medaka and zebrafish evolutionary lineages are thought to have separated from each other 110 million years ago, and so the differences between these species are not unexpected, and may be exploited to gain insight into the architecture of developmental pathways. Importantly, this work highlights the benefits of using multiple teleost models in parallel to understand a developmental process. Developmental Dynamics 237:3870–3881, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification and expression pattern of zebrafish prox2 during embryonic development
Authors: Pistocchi Anna , Bartesaghi Silvia , Cotelli Franco , Del Giacco Luca 
Published: November 2008

AbstractProx2, together with the previously isolated Prox1, is the vertebrate homolog of the Drosophila homeobox‐containing gene prospero, the founder member of a family of transcription factors which have been shown to play critical roles in many developmental events. We have isolated a cDNA which encodes a putative protein that shares a high degree of homology with mammalian Prox1, Prox2, and zebrafish Prox1. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that this protein corresponds to the zebrafish Prox2 homolog being the gene syntenic with the chromosome region hosting mouse Prox2. Whole‐mount in situ experiments demonstrated that prox2 is expressed, during zebrafish embryonic development, in defined structures of the central nervous system and the eye, as previously reported in mouse. Additionally, reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis disclosed prox2 expression in several adult organs. Finally, prox1 loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays have been carried out to search for regulative effects on prox2 expression. Developmental Dynamics 237:3916–3920, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protein kinase a modulates Cdc25B activity during meiotic resumption of mouse oocytes
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Zhe , Xu Xiao‐Yan , Li Xue‐Song , Yu Meng , Yu Ai‐Ming , Zong Zhi‐Hong , Yu Bing‐Zhi 
Published: November 2008

AbstractProtein kinase A (PKA) play a critical role in maintaining the meiotic arrest. However, the steps downstream of PKA remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the regulation of meiotic resumption by PKA/Cdc25B pathway in mouse oocytes. Injection of mRNA coding for Cdc25b‐S321A had a more potent maturation‐inducing ability than Cdc25b‐WT. When co‐injected with PKA inhibitor, Cdc25B‐WT had similar activities with Cdc25B‐S321A. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of Cdc25B‐S321 was detected in germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes by Western blotting with a phospho‐Ser321‐specific antibody and the band disappeared when oocytes reenter into the meiotic cell cycle. Furthermore, Cdc25B‐WT translocated to the nucleus shortly before GV breakdown (GVBD), whereas phosphorylated Cdc25B‐S321 expressed exclusively in the cytoplasm and the signal could not be detected in GVBD oocytes. Taken together, these data indicate that Cdc25B‐Serine321 is the potential PKA target and Cdc25B subcellular localization determines its function during the process of maintaining GV arrest in mouse oocytes. Developmental Dynamics 237:3777–3786, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Roscovitine inhibits thyroid hormone‐induced tail regression of the frog tadpole and reveals a role for cyclin C/Cdk8 in the establishment of the metamorphic gene expression program
Authors: Skirrow Rachel C. , Veldhoen Nik , Domanski Dominik , Helbing Caren C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe involvement of phosphorylation signaling pathways in postembryonic development of the frog is poorly understood. The thyroid hormone, 3, 5, 3′‐triiodothyronine (T3), is essential for inducing tadpole metamorphosis and we show that the cyclin‐dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor, roscovitine, prevents T3‐dependent regression of cultured tail tips from Rana catesbeiana tadpoles. Using tail tips from precociously induced and naturally metamorphosing tadpoles, our data suggest that protein phosphorylation is important in the establishment of the T3‐dependent proapoptotic gene expression program. Our evidence indicates that Cdk8 is the most likely candidate for this proapoptotic activity with the expression of its regulatory subunit, cyclin C, identified as a novel T3‐responsive gene. We suggest that this activity is crucial for the genetic reprogramming required for tail regression and demonstrate that protein phosphorylation is important in T3‐induced apoptosis in normal cells during development. Developmental Dynamics 237:3787–3797, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Binge eating in primary school children: Towards a definition of clinical significance
Authors: Hilbert Anja , Czaja Julia 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjective:This study investigated the diagnostic validity of the DSM‐IV‐TR criteria for binge eating disorder as well as proposed diagnostic criteria in younger children with and without loss of control (LOC) eating.Method:A total of 60 children with at least one episode of loss of control over eating within the past 3 months and 60 matched children without LOC history were recruited from the community. Clinical interviews and self‐report questionnaires were used to assess psychopathology.Results:Hierarchical cluster analyses produced clusters of high recurrent LOC eating, low recurrent LOC eating, and no or sporadic LOC eating. The children with high recurrent LOC eating had eating disorder and general psychopathology comparable to that documented in clinical eating disorders. The DSM‐IV‐TR criteria and the criterion of “undue influence of weight or shape on self‐evaluation” could at lower thresholds than for adults be used to identify children with high recurrent LOC eating.Discussion:Overall, this evaluation of the diagnostic validity of binge eating disorder in middle childhood suggests that only a few modifications to the adult DSM‐IV‐TR criteria are necessary to identify children with LOC eating suffering from clinically significant eating disorder psychopathology and increased general psychopathology. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Molecular Motion and Performance Enhancement of BORAZAN Fluorescent Dyes
Authors: Morin Tyler J. , Lindeman Sergey V. , Gardinier James R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe preparation of three 2,6‐dipyrazolyl‐4‐X‐anilines, H(pz2AnX) (X = p‐CF3, Cl, tBu) using CuI‐catalyzed amination is described. Subsequent reactions of H(pz2AnX) with triphenylboron proceeds with benzene elimination to give the corresponding Ph2B(pz2AnX) compounds in high yields. The Ph2B(pz2AnX) are more highly emissive in the solid state than the previously reported BORAZAN fluorophores, Ph2B(pzAnX), their monopyrazolyl counterparts. As with the Ph2B(pzAnX), the color of emission in Ph2B(pz2AnX) can be tuned simply by varying the para‐aniline substituent where the emission of Ph2B(pz2AnX) is red‐shifted relative to the corresponding Ph2B(pzAnX) derivatives. The electronic properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry and electronic absorption/emission spectroscopy as well as by density functional calculations (B3LYP/6‐31G*). The di‐pyrazolyl derivatives exhibit greater stability toward solvolysis and higher photoluminescent quantum yields (despite the red‐shift in emission) compared to their monopyrazolyl counterparts presumably due to kinetic stabilization of the chromophore imparted by the second pyrazolyl ligand. For Ph2B(pz2AnX), evidence for intramolecular motion of the diphenylboryl moiety traversing both pyrazolyl groups was detected by variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. The rate increases with increasing electron‐donor abilities of the para‐aniline substituent.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis and Structure of an Unprecedented Linear Pentanuclear Bismuth(III) Zwitterionic Thiolate Complex
Authors: Chen Jin‐Xiang , Tang Xiao‐Yan , Ren Zhi‐Gang , Zhang Yong , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA unique pentanuclear bismuth(III) zwitterionic thiolate complex, [Bi5(Tab)18](PF6)7(NO3)8]·6MeCN [1; Tab = 4‐(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolato], was obtained from the reaction of Bi(NO3)3 with TabHPF6 in a 1:4 molar ratio in MeCN/MeOH in the presence of Et3N and structurally characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed that 1 consists of an unprecedented linear [Bi5(Tab)18]15+ cation, and both [PF6]– and [NO3]– anions in the crystal cooperatively work as anionic templates to form interesting anionic honeycomb‐like cavities for encapsulating the [Bi5(Tab)18]15+cations.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Enantioselective Binaphthophosphepine‐Promoted [3+2] Annulations of N‐Ts‐ and N‐DPP‐Imines with Allenoates and 2‐Butynoates
Authors: Pinto Nathalie , Fleury‐Brégeot Nicolas , Marinetti Angela 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe use of binaphthophosphepine 1a as a catalyst for the [3+2] cyclisation between allenoates or 2‐butynoates andimines was investigated. The effects of the imine protecting group on both the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity were determined by comparing the behaviour of N‐tosyl‐ and N‐DPP‐imines. The N‐DPP‐imines displayed lower reactivity, but afforded the desired pyrrolines in higher enantiomeric excess (73–92 % ee). The DPP protecting group was removed from the final pyrrolines under mild conditions to afford the corresponding secondary amines. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Multi‐Step Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Analogues of Insulin Secretagogue (2S,3R,4S)‐4‐Hydroxyisoleucine
Authors: Aouadi Kaïss , Lajoix Anne‐Dominique , Gross René , Praly Jean‐Pierre 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA series of stereochemically defined analogues of (2S,3R,4S)‐4‐hydroxyisoleucine and related α‐hydroxy acids have been prepared by multi‐step routes from D‐glucose, whereas ketolization between TBDMS‐protected hydroxypropanone and ethyl isocyanoacetate led to racemic analogues. Bioassays showed that of eight newly synthesized compounds, two of them presented an interesting statistical trend to increase glucose‐induced insulin secretion when tested in isolated rat pancreatic islets in the presence of 8.3 mM glucose and at a concentration of 200 μM, which has previously been shown to be effective for (2S,3R,4S)‐4‐hydroxyisoleucine.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Paracyclophanes: Extending the Bridges. Reactions
Authors: Pechlivanidis Zissis , Hopf Henning , Grunenberg Jörg , Ernst Ludger 
Published: November 2008

Abstract[m.n]Paracyclophanes with bridges of equal and unequal length (m,n ≤ 4) undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution (Friedel–Crafts acylation, bromination) under very mild conditions as long as the bridge contains less than four atoms. Whenever there is a choice, the aromatic ring is attacked at the position closest to the shorter alkano bridge, which indicates that the transannular benzene moiety acts as a neighboring group. By brominating the acetyl derivatives obtained, and the acids and esters derived therefrom, a second substituent is introduced into the pseudo‐geminal position, that is, directly opposite the directing group. However, this effect is observed only for those [m.n]phanes in which the length of the neighboring bridge does not exceed three atoms. For the butano‐bridged derivatives, the regioselectivity is lost completely. Very similar results were observed for [m.n]paracyclophanes carrying two ester substituents on one benzene ring, the limiting case being the [4.3]paracyclophane derivative. We propose that the stereocontrolling effect of a substituent can only occur when the intra‐annular distance is below 4 Å. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis of N6,N6‐Dialkyladenine Nucleosides Using Hexaalkylphosphorus Triamides Produced in Situ
Authors: Lakshman Mahesh K. , Choudhury Asad , Bae Suyeal , Rochttis Eliezer , Pradhan Padmanava , Kumar Amit 
Published: November 2008

AbstractReactions between secondary amines and phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) leads to the formation of the corresponding tris(dialkylamino)phosphanes or hexaalkylphosphorus triamides [HAPTs: (R2N)3P]. Treatment of silyl‐protected 2′‐deoxyinosine and acetyl‐protected inosine with the HAPTs produced in situ, together with iodine (I2), leads to the formation of N6,N6‐dialkyladenosine and ‐2′‐deoxyadenosine. In some cases the stoichiometry of the amine is important, as is the use of a tertiary amine base. The effect of amine stoichiometry on the reaction between HAPT and I2 has been studied by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
FMRI correlates of visuo‐spatial reorienting investigated with an attention shifting double‐cue paradigm
Authors: Natale Elena , Marzi Carlo Alberto , Macaluso Emiliano 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe control of visuo‐spatial attention entails the joint contribution of goal‐directed (endogenous) and stimulus‐driven (exogenous) factors. However, little is known about the neural bases of the interplay between these two mechanisms. To address this issue, we presented endogenous (spatially informative) and exogenous (noninformative) visual cues sequentially within the same trial (double‐cue paradigm) during fMRI, crossing factorially the validity of the two cues. We found that both endogenous and exogenous cues affected behavioral performance, speeding‐up or slowing‐down target discrimination when valid and invalid, respectively. Despite the double‐cue paradigm maximizes the interplay between endogenous and exogenous factors, the two types of cue affected responses in an independent manner without any significant effect of congruence. The imaging data revealed increased activation in separate cortical areas following invalid endogenous and invalid exogenous cues. A fronto‐parietal system was activated during invalid endogenous trials, whereas a region at the temporo‐occipital junction was activated during invalid exogenous trials. Within both circuits, activity was unaffected by the validity of the other cue. These results indicate the existence of separate, noninteracting neural circuits for endogenous and exogenous reorienting of visuo‐spatial attention. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.