bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drying Grain Pretreated by Low-Voltage Spark-Discharge Plasma Channel
Authors: Munassar Emad Hussein Ali , Shorstkii Ivan 
Published: March 2024

The food industry and agriculture use such electrophysical technologies as ozonation, pulsed electric field, and low-temperature plasma. They increase the shelf-life of food products, as well as help to advance food processing. This article features pretreatment with a low-voltage spark-discharge plasma channel as a means to increase the efficiency of grain drying.
The grain material involved three samples of soft wheat seeds. Sample 1 was subjected to direct contact with the electrodes while sample 2 underwent treatment on a dielectric substrate. The control remained untreated. The kinetics of grain-drying in the open air was studied using a thermal agent at 110°C after pre-treatment with a low-voltage spark-discharge plasma channel. This experiment also involved scanning electron microscopy tools to detect changes in surface structure.
The electron microscopy showed that the dielectric substrate accelerated moisture removal, probably as a result of the emerging surface effects that developed a new continuum in the grain structure. This treatment made it possible to reduce the drying time by 15–25%, compared to the control sample. The drying rate curves demonstrated acceleration in the initial period, associated with additional electroosmotic forces and changes in the absorption properties. The samples treated with low-voltage spark-discharge plasma channel showed a 20% reduction in total energy consumption.
Electrophysical technology based on a low-voltage spark-discharge plasma channel proved to be an effective pre-drying procedure. Further research is needed to scale the technology in a flow mode and to identify its effect on shelf-life.
Temperature Changes in Meat Products Fried in Steam-Convection Oven
Authors: Smagina Marina , Smagin Denis 
Published: March 2024

Combination steam ovens, or combi steamers, have entered all spheres of food production, including the meat industry. Their rational use requires a scientific and practical foundation. This research featured the changes in mean volume temperature and temperature gradient that occur in meat products (one-dimensional bodies with different nutrient compositions) during heat treatment in dry air and a steam-air mix.
The research involved two samples of meat products with different moisture and fat contents. The chicken fillet sample had a moisture content of 74.5% and a fat content of 1.9% while the pork shoulder sample had a moisture content of 55.1% and a fat content of 29.4%. Shaped as a one-dimensional cylinder and a plate, the samples were subjected to heating at the temperature range of 160–240°C in a Unox-203G steam-convection oven (Italy). Dry air and a steam-air mix with a humidity of 80–85% served as a heating medium. The temperature was measured using thermocouples attached to a Sosna-004 meter.
The research revealed some patterns in the mean volume temperature and temperature gradient. The temperature gradient involved three stages during processing in a steam-air mix and four stages when treated with dry air. The change in the mean volume temperature for the steam-air mix could be described by a power law equation; the dry air treatment was described using a linear equation. When heated in dry air, the rate of change in the temperature gradient was constant at first but started to decrease at a certain stage. The change rate in the mean volume temperature remained low for 5 min and started to increase onwards, maintaining its value until the end of the process. When heated in a steam-air mix, the change rate in the temperature gradient dropped to its minimum in 4–5 min and started to grow. The mean volume temperature demonstrated a high change rate during the first 5 min and went down. The chicken fillet with its low fat content warmed up faster by 13–26% when processed in a steam-air mix and by 9–23% when treated in dry air. The plate-shaped products needed longer heat treatment. The composition and form had no significant effect on the nature of the change in the temperature gradient and mean volume temperature.
The obtained dependencies made it possible to select the optimal temperature and humidity conditions for convective frying of meat products.
The Potential of Tube Industry Development in Conditions of Instability
Authors: Garnov A. P. , Devyatkin O. V. , Rybina G. A. 
Published: March 2024

The research deals with estimating the potential of Russian enterprises of tube industry and possibilities of their efficient adaptation to fast changes. Academic results of the research include systematization, summarizing and author’s appraisal of processes taking place in Russian tube industry, as well as proposals aimed at its development. According to the research, Russian tube industry rather quickly adapts to changes and is still stable in spite of difficult situation and high sectoral risks. Today the potential of the increase in home demand for tubes is not realized in full, especially for products with high added value. Tube industry is facing the problem of importsubstitution in equipment purchase and production modernization. To resolve it a set of measures is necessary, such as starting the mechanism of innovation development in machine-building manufacturing; working-out the program of developing home industry of electronics, software, systems of management and engineering; motivating the growth in production capacities of machine-building enterprises. It is necessary to raise investment from countries importing tube products in Asia, Africa and Middle East. These regions can become both the marketing targets and sources of investment. In conditions of instability tube industry is strategically important for the country and needs measures of state support.
PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS CERPEN DENGAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PjBL) UNTUK SISWA KELAS IX SMP PGRI 4 CIMAHI
Authors: Saripah Ipah , Aeni Eli Syarifah , Priyanto Agus 
Published: March 2024

AbstrakÂ Latarbelakang penelitian dilakukan karena minimnya keterampilan Â siswa dalam menuangkan ide kedalam karya tulis berupa cerpen. Hal itu terjadi karena pengajar tidak menerapkan model pembelajaran yang cocok dengan materi pembelajaran. Karena itu, peneliti merekomendasikan model pembelajaran yang lebih efektif yaitu Project Based Learning yang bisa dipakai oleh pengajar dalam pembelajaran teks Â menulis cerita pendek. Adapun Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 24 orang peserta didik. Metode yang diterapkan pada penelitian yaitu quasi eksperimental design. Berdasarkan hasil tes, dapat dilihat terjadi peningkatan hasil pretest pada posttest sebesar 65,42 menjadi 76,29. Jadi, peneliti dapat simpulkan bahwa implementasi model Project Based Learning pada pembelajaran cerpen berhasil meningkatkan keterampilan menulis peserta didik kelas IX SMP PGRI 4 Cimahi.Â Kata Kunci: Menulis, Cerita pendek, Project Based Learning
State-Society Interaction in Addressing Crisis from the Communication Processes of Resilience Perspective: A Case of Local Government Role in Redeveloping Pandeglang Tourism Business
Authors: Ratna Sari Siti Dewi Sri , P Lubis Djuara , Muljono Pudji , K Pandjaitan Nurmala 
Published: March 2024

Tourism has significantly contributed to Indonesia’s GDP despite being vulnerable to crisis. Pandeglang Regency with its 14 tourism villages is one among regions that expects income from tourism which unfortunately attacked by tsunami crisis in the end of December 2018, aggravated by travel restriction policies during COVID-19 pandemic since end of March 2020. State-society interactions become important in addressing those crises. Through the commmunication processes of resilience perspective, this research aims to analyze the state-society interactions in addressing crisis on a case of local government agency’s role to redevelop Pandeglang Regency tourism business after crisis. This study uses quantitative approach, strengthened by qualitative research. This study applies survey research to 144 owners of Tourism MSMEs with descriptive analysis by SPSS 25.0, supported by analysis of interviews, a focus group discussion and field observations. The research results show that local tourism-related government agencies have a significant role in the state-society interactions addressing the crisis to redevelop Pandeglang tourism business where Pandeglang Regency Tourism Office has the most significant role. However, this agency needs to communicate more evenly to all Tourism MSMEs’ owners. It is also found that the communication processes of resilience perspective have led more reciprocal interactions between the state and the society.
Variabel Eksogen Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Hutan Produksi di Kabupaten Dharmasraya: Pendekatan Institutional Analysis and Development Framework
Authors: Mutolib Abdul 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi variabel eksogen kelembagaan hutan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KPHP Dharmasraya Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Lokasi dipilih secara sengaja (purposive) dengan pertimbangan terjadi konflik pengelolaan hutan antara masyarakat adat dengan pemilik izin (negara) yang menyebabkan deforestasi hutan. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara kepada key informants yang dipilih dengan metode snowball sampling. Penelitian menggunakan analisis kelembagaan dengan pendekatan Institutional Analysis & Development (IAD) Framework untuk menjelaskan variabel eksogen pengelolaan hutan di wilayah KPHP Dharmasraya. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa konflik kehutanan dan deforestasi hutan didukung oleh variabel eksogen. Pada sub-variabel biofisik atau kondisi materiil, konflik tenurial dan deforestasi hutan disebabkan oleh sifat ekonomi-institusi sumberdaya hutan serta mudahnya akses kedalam hutan. Pada sub-variabel atribut masyarakat, konflik tenurial dan deforestasi hutan disebabkan oleh klaim hutan sebagai tanah adat/ulayat oleh masyarakat adat dan karakteristik masyarakat di sekitar hutan. Pada sub-variabel rule in use, konflik tenurial dan deforestasi hutan dipicu pluralisme kepemilikan hutan antara masyarakat adat versus negara. Perbaikan kelembagaan khususnya pada variabel eksogen menjadi syarat penting untuk mengurangi konflik dan deforestasi di wilayah KPHP Dharmasraya.
Pengaruh Kompetensi, Kompensasi dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Akhirati Ayu Fil , Fourqoniah Finnah 
Published: March 2024

The success of a company can be judged by the level of performance in managing its human resources. When employee performance is managed properly, it will help achieve business standards and provide maximum benefits for the company. The objectives of this research is to determine the extent to which competence, compensation, and organizational commitment influence employee performance. The research was conducted at the company PT Trisensa Mineral Utama in Kutai Kartanegara with associative quantitative methods. The entire population is used as a sample because the number is small, namely 60 employees. Data collection techniques were obtained from the result of distributing questionnaires, observations, and interview. As for testing the data using the help of IBM SPSS 27 software with analysis techniques including instrument testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression testing, and hypothesis testing. The results showed that both partially and simultaneously the competency, compensation, and organizational commitment variables had a significant effect on employee performance at PT Trisensa Mineral Utama.
Will the EU‘s Fourth Freedom Be Further Challenged by Present Members of the Single Market?
Authors: Tovias Alfred 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The creation of a single market in Europe, conceived as the application of the so-called four freedoms (goods, services, capital and manpower) of movement was in vogue in the 1990s. What has happened to this dream? At the time not only business communities but also consumer associations, and even labour unions were all in favour of opening their national economies to the winds of continental competition. Three decades after, some national communities seem to have turned their backs on the free movement of people. The case of Eastern European immigrants settling for work in the UK after 2004 comes to mind, something which arguably was one of the main reasons for the Brexit vote in 2016. The issue could again become the focus of populist governments or parties (e.g., in Italy, France, Sweden, Austria, Hungary or The Netherlands), should the danger of an EU-wide recession or an idiosyncratic crisis in one of the poorest member states (MSs) materialize. Actually, a new intensification of intra-EU migration flows could be one of the outcomes of the unravelling of supply chains as a result of the COVID epidemic and geopolitical considerations, such as the EU’s wish to diminish trade dependence from China and Russia. The ground is slowly eroding under the feet of those adamant to cling to the free movement of people as part of the acquis. The EU Commission should give thought, before it is too late, about the fourth freedom particularly in view of future EU enlargements.
Pertumbuhan dan produktivitas kacang merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) setelah pemberian eco enzyme limbah tebu pada tanah gambut
Authors: Rizqi Laely , Zakiah Zulfa , Ifadatin Siti 
Published: March 2024

Red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vegetable commodity in West Kalimantan Province which has a low production compared to other vegetable commodities. Several attempts were made to increase the production of red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), one of which is by applying liquid organic fertilizer. Organic materials such as sugar cane waste are often found in Pontianak City, and it can be used to make eco enzyme which can be used as organic fertilizer for red bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sugarcane waste eco enzyme administration on the growth and production of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatment levels, namely Greentonic LOF (positive control), 0 mL/L eco enzyme (negative control), 0.5 mL/L eco enzyme (A1), 1 mL/L eco enzyme (A2), 1.5 mL/L eco enzyme (A3), 2 mL/L eco enzyme (A4) and 2.5 mL/L eco enzyme (A5). The results showed that the administration of eco enzymes from sugarcane waste had a significant effect on plant height, chlorophyll content, fresh weight and dry weight of red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds. Giving eco enzyme with a concentration of 2.5 mL/L gave the best results for the growth parameters of plant height 53 cm and chlorophyll content 3.19 mg/L. While giving eco enzyme with a concentration of 1 mL/L gave the best results for production parameters of seed wet weight 3.64 g and seed dry weight 0.80 g.
HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN SMARTPHONE DENGAN KEJADIAN INSOMNIA PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA KEDOKTERAN DAN PROFESI DOKTER FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
Authors: Siringoringo Daniel Sulung Utama , Juhanna Indira Vidiari , Wahyuni Nila , Dinata I Made Krisna 
Published: March 2024

Background: Smartphones are not only used as a communication tool, smartphone have become inseparable from human life around the world. Smartphone usage is always increases. The Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia noted that in 2018 as many as 62.41% of the Indonesian had used mobile phones and mobile phone users in Indonesia increases 3% per year. Beside the positive effects, smartphones also have many negative effects if used excessively. One of the negative effects of excessive smartphone use is insomnia.
Aim: Knowing the relationship between smartphone use and the incidence of insomnia among students of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.
Methods: The method used in this study was an analytical cross-sectional study. Samples selected using simple random sampling method, there are 79 respondents participated in this study and the questionnaires distributed with google form. The data were processed and tested for analysis using the chi-square method.
Results: After going through the process of exclusion and drop out, the final number of samples was 75. From 75 samples, 35 samples (46.7%) use smartphone excessively, and 25 samples (33.3%) have insomnia. The results of the bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between smartphone use and the incidence of insomnia among students of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University (p = 0,014).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between smartphone use and the incidence of insomnia among students of Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University (p = 0,014).

Keywords: Smartphone, Insomnia, Medical Students
Living Strategy of Waste Picker Community in Makassar City
Authors: Angriani Bita Nurul , Abdullah Suparman , Muhammad Rahmat 
Published: March 2024

Backgrounds: Knowing the contribution of social capital in improving the economic welfare of scavengers.

Objective: The research aims to determine and describe the form of sustainable livelihood strategies in scavenger communities. Know the form of social capital owned by the scavenger community.

Methods: The sampling method used in this study is determined purposively, that is, determining the informant considered appropriate. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis

Results: From the results of the study, it was obtained that the sustainable livelihood strategy carried out by waste pickers differentiated livelihood strategy or commonly referred to as double at Antang Landfill Makassar City form networks, a sense of trust, social norms, values, and solidarity between waste pickers in the Landfill at the City of Makassar.

Conclusion: The contribution of social capital in improving the economic welfare of waste pickers fosters trust, making it easier for waste pickers to get jobs because of the trust built form scavengers.
Variability in quadrupled hamstring tendon autograft diameter in North Indian population and its impact on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction outcomes
Authors: Gupta Ravi Kumar , Poudel Nabin , Dudeja Vishal , Bansal Himanshu , Kapoor Anil 
Published: March 2024

Objectives:
This study aimed to see the mean quadruple hamstring tendon (HT) graft in the North Indian population and the effect of height and gender on graft diameter.

Materials and Methods:
Three hundred and twelve patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using quadruple HT graft with preserved insertions were included in the study. Quadruple graft diameter is calculated using a sizing tube and its correlation with height, gender, and body mass index was calculated. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years, and the incidence of graft failure was calculated.

Results:
The mean graft diameter in the present study was 7.6 mm; taller patients and male gender have thicker grafts. About 63% of patients had graft diameters <8 mm. The incidence of graft failure rate was 2.5% and 0.8% in patients with graft diameters <8 mm and ≥8 mm, respectively.

Conclusion:
In the present study, the average quadruple HT graft diameter in the Indian population was 7.6 mm, and graft diameter depends on the height and gender of the patient.
Development of multimedia materials for teaching phraseology in English
Authors: Абдулвахабова Л.Б. , Эльжуркаева М.Я. 
Published: March 2024

Фразеологический фонд играет одну из ключевых ролей в овладении иноязычной речью, однако обучение данному разделу лексики сталкивается со значительными трудностями. В связи с этим актуальной задачей выступает разработка эффективных подходов, позволяющих преодолеть имеющиеся проблемы. Материалы и методы. Авторами был разработан комплекс мультимедийных материалов для обучения английской фразеологии. В его состав вошли: база данных из 500 фразеологизмов; модуль аудиоконтента общей продолжительностью 8 часов; 25 видеоуроков; более 300 интерактивных заданий. Методика занятий включала знакомство с лексическим материалом, аудирование, работу с текстами и изображениями, выполнение упражнений. Мультимедийные материалы использовались в сочетании с традиционными формами обучения. Результаты. Эффективность разработанной методики была проверена в процессе обучения студентов вуза в течение учебного года. Результаты контрольных проверок свидетельствуют о значительном прогрессе обучающихся: уровень овладения фразеологией вырос с 36% до 56%. Особенно высокие показатели были продемонстрированы по освоению самых сложных единиц, например идиомы «raining cats and dogs». Анализ работы с отдельными фразеологизмами показал положительное влияние разных компонентов мультимедийного курса.
Introduction. The phraseological fund plays one of the key roles in mastering foreign language speech, but teaching this section of vocabulary faces significant difficulties. In this regard, the urgent task is to develop effective approaches to overcome existing problems. Materials and methods. The authors have developed a complex of multimedia materials for teaching English phraseology. It included: a database of 500 phraseological units; audio content module with a total duration of 8 hours; 25 video lessons; more than 300 interactive tasks. The teaching methodology included familiarization with lexical material, listening, working with texts and images, and performing exercises. Multimedia materials were used in combination with traditional forms of teaching. Results. The effectiveness of the developed methodology was tested in the process of teaching university students during the academic year. The results of control checks indicate significant progress of students: the level of mastery of phraseology increased from 36% to 56%. Particularly high performance was demonstrated in mastering the most complex units, for example, the idiom “raining cats and dogs.” Analysis of work with individual phraseological units showed the positive impact of different components of the multimedia course.