bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Simple Statistics to Test Against Ordered Alternatives in Complete Block Designs
Authors: Salama I. A. , Quade Dana 
Published: May 2007

AbstractConsider testing the hypothesis of no treatment effects against a postulated ranking of the m treatments, given data from n Complete Blocks. A suitable test statistic is the weighted average rank correlation w = σbQiCi where Ci is the correlation between the postulated ranking and the ranking observed within the ith block, Qi is the rank of the ith block with respect to credibility, and the bi's are weights such that 0 ≦ b1 ≦ … ≦ bn. In this paper we introduce some simple statistics: the first extends the signed‐rank statistic to m ≦ 3, the second uses a simple measure of correlation based on the antirank, and the third a statistic based on Spearman's footrule. Tables for critical values are provided and the normal approximation is investigated.
Analysis of Row‐Column Experiments Involving Several Non‐Interacting‐Sets of Treatments and Multistage Youden Square Designs
Authors: Singh N. P. , Singh Gulab 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper advances a procedure of analysis of designs eliminating heterogeneity in two directions, when there are ‘S’ non‐interacting sets of treatments. The analysis of multistage youden designs of HEDAYAT et al. (1972) which is a particular member of this class, has been given.
Two‐Group Classification when Both Groups are Mixtures of Normals
Authors: Rawlings R. R. , Graubard B. I. , Rae D. S. , Eckardt M. J. , Ryback R. S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper we consider a two‐group discriminant analysis problem where each group is a mixture of two subgroups. Based upon data from a clinical study of alcohol involvement and diseases, simulation experiments were performed for three different configurations of means and covariance matrices. Expected actual non‐error rates are estimated for the linear, quadratic, and kernel discriminant functions for sample sizes 30, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200. A conclusion of the article is that the kernel discriminant function performs as well as or better than quadratic discriminant function. However, the linear discriminant function was clearly inferior to either the quadratic or kernel discriminant functions.
Mortality of a Heterogeneous Cohort; Description and Implications
Authors: Nour El‐Sayed 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA recent model for heterogeneous mortality by VAUPEL et al. (1979) is shown to be based on incorrect definitions. An alternative formulation is presented. The results indicate that current methods for computing the survivorship and life expectation functions underestimate the true values. A method is given for determining the possible magnitude of this underestimation. The method is illustrated by a numerical example using U.S. data.
The Application of Hunter's Inequality in Simultaneous Testing
Authors: Bauer P. , Hackl P. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractUsing the inequality given by HUNTER(1976) critical limits are derived on the basis of bivariate distributions of the respective statistics for various situations of simultaneous hypothesis testing. The gain in power as compared to the widely used Bonferroni‐inequality can be considerable if at least some of the simultaneously investigated test‐statistics are highly correlated. In such situations, the loss in power as compared to the use of the exact critical limits might be negligible for practical purposes, the exact limits often being hardly accessible.
A Simultaneous Test for Interactions which in the Model of the Analysis of (co)variance are Assumed not to Occur
Authors: Guiard V. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper a simple test is described, with which it is possible to check the assumption that in the cases of analysis of variance or covariance several interactions don't occur. This test is particularly useful also if some subclasses are empty and in the case of unequal subclass numbers in model I, model II and the mixed model.
Treatment Evaluation by Incremental Crossover Designs
Authors: Hüsler J. , Lienert G. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFollowing GRIZZLE (1965) and JESDINSKY et al. (1981) it is suggested to replace the traditional two‐groups (AB, BA) crossover design by a four‐groups (AA, AB, BA, BB) design in order to control for treatment‐period interactions (carry‐over effects). Contrary to the above authors it is proposed to use the increments D = X2 ‐ X1 from 1 st to 2 nd observations rather than the observations themselves as the dependent variable. Testing for main‐ and interaction effects of treatment is treated for increment modified Grizzle‐ and Jesdinsky ANOVA models. Alternative and conditional tests are discussed. Numerical evaluations are illustrated by an example from psychopharmacology.
The Use of Adaptive Blocks in the Design of Clinical Trials
Authors: Srinivasan R. , Wharton B. M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper introduces a class of data‐dependent allocation rules for use in sequential clinical trials designed to choose the better of two competing treatments, or to decide that they are of equal efficacy. These readily understood and easily implemented rules are shown to reduce, substantially the number of tests with the poorer treatment for a broad category of experimental situations. Allocation rules of this type are applied both to trials with an instantaneous binomial response and to delayed response trials where interest centers on exponentially distributed survival time. In each case, a comparison of this design with alternative designs given in the literature shows that the proposed design is superior with respect to ease of application and is comparable to the alternatives regarding inferior treatment number and average sample number. In addition, the proposed rules mitigate many of the difficulties generally associated with adaptive assignment rules, such as selection and systematic bias.
On the Rotation of Canonical Solutions
Authors: Röhr M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSome points of CLIFF/KRUS's important rotation procedure are criticized. This result in the definition of simple structure of canonical solutions, the use of STEWART/LOVE's redundancy index as a measure of common variance, and two new rotation procedures (HAKSTIAN's modified varimax rotation, separate rotation of both sets). The objects of rotation should be the (intraset) loadings.
Robust Univariate Two‐Way Classification
Authors: Balakrishnan N. , Tiku M. L. , Shaarawi A. H. El. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe develop a robust classification procedure, based on TIKU'S (1967, 1980, 1982) MML (modified maximum likelihood) estimators, for classifying an observation in one of the two populations π1 and π2 and show that this procedure is superior to the classical and nonparametric procedures.
Evaluating an Explicit Functional Relationship by Fuzzifying the Statement of its Satisfying
Authors: Bandemer H. , Schmerling S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractCombining the concepts of interval arithmetic and fuzzy theory the observations to identify some explicit functional relationship are assumed to be fuzzy sets given by the threshold sets of their membership function, which have contours suitable for the application of interval arithmetic procedures. The result is a fuzzy set on the parameter region, which offers possibilities for reasoning on the validity of the relationship. The proceeding is illustrated by an example.
Use of the Score Statistic for Testing Goodness‐of‐Fit of Some Generalised Distributions
Authors: Rayner J. C. W. , McIntyre R. I. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe use of the score statistic to test whether a generalised distribution gives an improved fit over a non‐generalised distribution is recommended. The score statistic for a generalised exponential family is derived. Several specific examples are given.
A Comparison of the MPN and Fisher‐Yates Estimators for the Density of Organisms
Authors: Best D. J. , Rayner J. C. W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe method of moments estimator, discussed in FISHER and YATES (1970), for the density of bacteria is compared with the maximum likelihood or MPN estimator: For sample sizes used in practice the estimators are found to be very similar. Estimators which reduce bias are discussed and their use recommended.
A Note on the Analysis of ap× 22Design
Authors: McKee B. , Kshirsagar A. M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTYAGIhas given a method of constructing a balanced factorial experiment of thep× 22type. A complete analysis of such a design with and without recovery of interblock information, using the eigenyalues and eigenvectors of theC‐matrix of the design, is given in this paper. KHATRY& SHAH'Smethod of producing uniformly better estimators is employed to combine the inter and intra block estimates.
An Application of Logistic Models to the Analysis of Ordinal Responses
Authors: Greenland Sander 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLogistic probability models—models linear in the log odds of the outcome event—have found extensive application in modelling of unordered categorical responses. This paper illustrates some extensions of logistic models to the modelling of probabilities of ordinal responses. The extensions arise naturally from discrete probability models for the conditional distribution of the ordinal response, as well as from linear modelling of the log odds of response. Methods of estimation and examination of fit developed for the binary logistic model extend in a straightforward manner to the ordinal models. The models and methods are illustrated in an analysis of the dependence of chronic obstructive respiratory disease prevalence on smoking and age.
Some Approximations of the Borel‐Tanner or the Generalized Poisson Distribution
Authors: Khan M. S. H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper considers some approximations for the Borel‐Tanner (Generalized Poisson) sums by using (i) Gram‐Charlier Poisson expansion, (ii) Mixture of two Poisson distributions, (iii) Variance stabilizing technique, and (iv) negative binomial distribution. It has been found that the approximation obtained by using the negative binomial distribution seems to be more efficient than the other approximation.
Critical Values of ‘Maximum Studentized Residual’ Statistics in Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Paul S. R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn multiple linear regression, test for the discordancy of a single outlier in the response variable is usually based on the ‘maximum studentized residual’ statistic. Exact critical values for the test statistic t are not available. Upper bounds for the critical values have been found by SRIKANTAN (1961), PRESCOTT (1975) and LUND (1975). In this note we show that all these upper bounds are algebraically equivalent.
Comparison of Approaches to Multivariate Linear Calibration
Authors: Naes T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this paper two approaches to multivariate linear calibration in linear models are compared. One of these approaches is based on knowledge of the distribution of the variable to be predicted. The other one uses only information about the measurement instrument. The methods are compared with respect to risk function and their functional relationship is analysed. When concerns risk functions we concentrate on asymptotic results.
Reduction of Linear Models Using Correct or Incorrect Prior Information
Authors: Toutenburg H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWhen there is no prior knowledge on the parameter vector β of the linear model then the LSE is most favourable at least in the class of linear unbiased estimators. On the other hand, in many practical problems one has some guessed estimate of β. Using this information leads to two‐step estimation procedures which may or may not dominate the LSE with respect to MSE. The dominance depends on the degree of incorrectness of the guessed parameter and is analyzed numerically for the case of sample reduction.
Application Fields of the Empirical Regression ‐ A Case Study
Authors: Peil J. , Schmerling S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEmpirical regression is defined as conditional expected value based on an estimation of a twodimensional density. It is a modelfree mathematical means for a first evaluation of measured data of an unknown stochastical relation between two quantities. The numerical procedures may be applied for calculation of the mean course of an unknown relation hidden in the measured data. Disregarding the statistical background an other aspect of application is the analyzing of time series, especially smoothing of time series and modelfree recording of the trend component in non‐stationary time series. The calculated regression curve provides an objective basis for comparing of different measured courses as well as for a further evaluation, e. g. in respect of a suitable choice of an analytical expression. The possibility of interpolation and the smoothing properties of empirical regression give essential advantages for internal regression as one step in the process of model construction.
Robustness of Statistical Tests in the Two‐Sample Location Problem
Authors: Marrero O. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA simulation study was performed to compare three statistical tests with respect to their performances in the two‐sample location problem for contaminated normal distributions. The three tests were: the t‐test, the rank‐transformed t‐test, and the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test. The results showed the t‐test to be inferior to the other two tests.
Improved quality evaluation of Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza through simultaneous quantification of seven major active components by high‐performance liquid chromatography and principal component analysis
Authors: Ma Hong‐Liang , Qin Min‐Jian , Qi Lian‐Wen , Wu Gang , Shu Pan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA novel method, using high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with principal component analysis, was developed for the quality evaluation of danshen through simultaneous determination of seven components, namely danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA. These seven components were simultaneously separated on a Zorbax SB‐C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.05% phosphoric acid water and methanol:acetonitrile (1:1) with a gradient elution, and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. Thirty samples of danshen and its substitutes from different sources were investigated by the established method. The results showed that the content of each analyte varied considerably in different danshen samples. Among the seven components tested, salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, danshensu and protocatechuic aldehyde were proved suitable and representative as chemical markers for the quality control of danshen except for protocatechuic acid. Moreover, principal component analysis was used for the similarity evaluation of different samples, and it could be straightforward and reliable to differentiate danshen samples of different origins. In conclusion, simultaneous quantification of multiple components by high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with principal component analysis would be a better strategy for the quality evaluation of danshen. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association between chemical and genetic variation of Vitex rotundifolia populations from different locations in China: its implication for quality control of medicinal plants
Authors: Hu Yuan , Zhang Qiaoyan , Xin Hailiang , Qin Lu‐Ping , Lu Bao‐Rong , Rahman Khalid , Zheng Hanchen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractVitex rotundifolia is a widely distributed plant species that has been extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine. Its fruits, Fructus Viticis, are recorded as Manjingzi in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. For the effective quality control of its medicinal values reflected by chemical variation patterns, in addition to the relationship with genetic diversity, analyses based on high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprinting and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers were carried out, involving 14 V. rotundifolia populations from different locations in China. The HPLC data showed considerable variation of chemical constituents among the V. rotundifolia populations. The hierarchical clustering analysis further revealed four major groups based on their chemotype variation. Abundant genetic diversity was detected among the V. rotundifolia populations that also were clustered into four groups based on their ISSR data. It is important to point out that the genetic variation pattern revealed by molecular markers was closely associated with that indicated by chemical constitutes in the fruits of V. rotundifolia. This finding provides a solid basis for the combined use of chemical and genetic fingerprints in efficiently evaluating qualities and choosing favourable chemotypes with appropriate pharmacological properties of V. rotundifolia, in addition to establishing good agricultural practices for medicinal plants. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of clopidogrel in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Shin Beom Soo , Yoo Sun Dong 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA rapid and sensitive LC/MS/MS assay was developed and validated for the determination of clopidogrel in human plasma. Clopidogrel was extracted by single liquid–liquid extraction with pentane, and chromatographic separations were achieved on a C18column. The method was validated to demonstrate the specificity, linearity, recovery, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), stability, accuracy and precision. The multiple reaction monitoring was based onm/ztransition of 322.2 → 211.9 for clopidogrel and 264.1 → 125.1 for ticlopidine (internal standard). The total analytical run time was relatively short (3 min), and the LLOQ was 10 pg/mL using 0.5 mL of human plasma. The assay was linear over a concentration range from 10 to 10,000 pg/mL (r> 0.999). The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracies were 101.3–108.8 and 98.4–103.5%, respectively, and the intra‐ and inter‐day assay precisions were 1.9–5.5 and 4.4–8.1%, respectively. The developed assay method was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers after oral administration of clopidogrel at a dose of 150 mg. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double‐Bridge Bonding of Aluminum and Hydrogen in the Crystal Structure of γ‐AlH3.
Authors: Yartys Volodymyr A. , Denys Roman V. , Maehlen Jan Petter , Frommen Christoph , Fichtner Maximilian , Bulychev Boris M. , Emerich Hermann 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bridgman Crystal Growth of Yb2Ru3Ge4 — A Ternary Germanide with a Three‐Dimensional Network of Condensed Distorted RuGe5 and RuGe6 Units.
Authors: Schappacher Falko M. , Katoh Kenichi , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
V2Cu3Ga8, Mo2Cu3Ga8 and W2Cu3Ga8 — New Compounds with a Novel Order Variant of a bcc Packing and Motifs of Self‐Similarity.
Authors: Kuntze Verena , Lux Rainer , Hillebrecht Harald 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of [F3SNXeF][AsF6] and Structural Study by Multi‐NMR and Raman Spectroscopy, Electronic Structure Calculations, and X‐Ray Crystallography.
Authors: Smith Gregory L. , Mercier Helene P. A. , Schrobilgen Gary J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
C3N4 as a Precursor for the Synthesis of NbC, TaC and WC Nanoparticles.
Authors: Li P. G. , Lei M. , Sun Z. B. , Cao L. Z. , Guo Y. F. , Guo X. , Tang W. H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Crystal Structure, Electronic Structure, and Physical Properties of Ti1‐δMo1+δ As4 and Ti1‐δMo1+δ Sb4.
Authors: Derakhshan Shahab , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Katja M. , Kleinke Holger 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[Ni5Sb17]4‐ Transition‐Metal Zintl Ion Complex: Crossing the Zintl Border in Molecular Intermetalloid Clusters.
Authors: Moses Melanie J. , Fettinger James C. , Eichhorn Bryan W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Imidazolium Ionic Liquids as Solvents for Cerium(IV)‐Mediated Oxidation Reactions.
Authors: Mehdi Hasan , Bodor Andrea , Lantos Diana , Horvath Istvan T. , De Vos Dirk E. , Binnemans Koen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides, Selenoxides, Telluroxides, Sulfones, Selenones and Tellurones with Mg—MeOH.
Authors: Khurana Jitender M. , Sharma Vandana , Chacko Silvi A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydroboration of 1,1′‐Bi(cyclopent‐1‐ene) and 3,3′‐Biindene: Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Kvicala Jaroslav , Baszczynski Ondrej , Krupkova Alena , Stranska Denisa 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Acetyl Chloride‐Mediated Mild and Chemoselective Attachment and Removal of Tetrahydropyranyl (THP) Group.
Authors: Yeom Chang‐Eun , Shin Yong Je , Kim B. Moon 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Two‐Directional Elaboration of Hydroxyacetone under Thermodynamically Controlled Conditions: Allylation or 2‐Propynylation and Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Ishikawa Teruhiko , Aikawa Toshiaki , Ohata Eiko , Iseki Takako , Maeda Satoshi , Matsuo Takashi , Fujino Tatsuo , Saito Seiki 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis of Phenacyl Iodides from Styrenes under Visible Light Irradiation with Fluorescent Lamps.
Authors: Nakayama Hiroki , Itoh Akichika 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Easy Route to Atropoisomeric Bipyridine N,N′‐Dioxides and Allylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Hrdina Radim , Kadlcikova Aneta , Valterova Irena , Hodacova Jana , Kotora Martin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.