bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain magnetic resonance imaging review suggests unrecognised hypoglycaemia in childhood
Authors: Worth Chris , Gokul Pon Ramya , Ramsden Katie , Worthington Sarah , Salomon-Estebanez Maria , Maniyar Amit , Banerjee Indraneel 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionNeonatal and early-life hypoglycaemia, is a frequent finding but is often non-specific and asymptomatic, making detection and diagnosis challenging. Hypoglycaemia-induced cerebral injury can be identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in cerebral white matter, occipital lobes, and posterior parietotemporal regions. It is unknown if children may have hypoglycaemic brain injury secondary to unrecognised hypoglycaemia in early life. We have examined retrospective radiological findings of likely brain injury by neuroimaging to investigate the existence of previous missed hypoglycaemic events.MethodsRetrospective MRI data in children in a single tertiary centre, over a ten-year period was reviewed to identify potential cases of unrecognised early-life hypoglycaemia. A detailed search from an electronic radiology repository involved the term “hypoglycaemia’’ from text-based reports. The initial report was used for those who required serial scanning. Images specific to relevant reports were further reviewed by a designated paediatric neuroradiologist to confirm likely hypoglycaemia induced brain injury. Medical records of those children were subsequently reviewed to assess if the hypoglycaemia had been diagnosed prior to imaging.ResultsA total of 107 MR imaging reports were identified for review, and 52 (48.5%) showed typical features strongly suggestive of hypoglycaemic brain injury. Medical note review confirmed no documented clinical information of hypoglycaemia prior to imaging in 22 (42%) patients, raising the likelihood of missed hypoglycaemic events resulting in brain injury.ConclusionsWe have identified the existence of unrecognised childhood hypoglycaemia through neuroimaging review. This study highlights the need for heightened awareness of early life hypoglycaemia to prevent adverse neurological outcomes later in childhood.
Diversity and distribution of coral gall crabs associated with Red Sea mesophotic corals
Authors: Vimercati Silvia , Terraneo Tullia I. , Marchese Fabio , Eweida Ameer A. , Rodrigue Mattie , Pieribone Vincent , Qurban Mohammed , Duarte Carlos M. , Benzoni Francesca 
Published: March 2024

Coral-dwelling gall crabs (Cryptochiridae) live in an obligate symbiosis with reef-building corals from shallow to deep waters. In particular, crabs of the genus Opecarcinus are known to occur across the tropical belt in association with the scleractinian family Agariciidae, down to a depth of 89 m. The Red Sea is a semi-enclosed basin that has long been recognized as a region of high marine biodiversity and endemism, with more than 230 decapod species recorded so far. There, nine Opecarcinus species are recorded from shallow and mesophotic corals. However, the occurrence of Opecarcinus below 30 m depth is documented only in the Saudi Arabian coast of the Northern Red Sea, and the rest of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea has remained unstudied. In this work, we assess the diversity and distribution of Opecarcinus from the mesophotic waters of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea. Through Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and Submarines explorations, we collected 10 gall crab specimens associated with Agariciidae corals at mesophotic depths between 47 and 89 m. Two mitochondrial and one nuclear markers were used to obtain crab phylogenetic tree showing that three of the Opecarcinus species known from Red Sea shallow-water corals can also live at mesophotic depths. This is the first assessment of the depth distribution of the genus Opecarcinus in the Red Sea. It provides further evidence of the depth range adaptability of the Opecarcinus-Agariciidae association and highlights the need for a more in-depth investigation of the largely overlooked mesophotic coral-associated fauna.
Safety and efficacy of magnesium-rich artificial cerebrospinal fluid for subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Cheng Yawen , Han Xiangning , Xie Wanfu , Xu Gaofeng , Bai Xiaobin , Qi Lei , Zhang Linjuan , Liu Rui , Dong Weihua , Feng Weiyi , Pang Chengsen , Zhang Wei , Liu Fude , Cao Xiangqi , Xu Yue , Luo Guogang 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using a newly formulated magnesium-rich artificial cerebrospinal fluid (MACSF) as an alternative to normal saline (NS) for intraoperative irrigation during aneurysm clipping in improving the prognosis of patients with Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).MethodsPatients with aSAH who underwent intraoperative irrigation with MACSF or NS during the clipping in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University from March 2019 to March 2022 were selected as MACSF group and NS group, respectively. The primary prognostic indicators were the incidence of favorable outcomes (mRS 0–2). The secondary outcome measures included cerebral vasospasm (CVS), mortality, total hospital stay, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Safety was evaluated based on the occurrence rates of hypermagnesemia, meningitis, and hydrocephalus.ResultsOverall, 34 and 37 patients were enrolled in the MACSF and NS groups, respectively. At 90 days after aSAH onset, the proportion of favorable prognosis in the MACSF group was significantly higher than that in the NS group (p = 0.035). The incidence of CVS within 14 days after surgery was significantly lower in the MACSF group than that in the NS group (p = 0.026). The mortality rate in the MACSF group was significantly lower than in the NS group (p = 0.048). The median lengths of hospital stay (p = 0.008) and ICU stay (p = 0.018) were significantly shorter in the MACSF group than in the NS group. No significant differences were observed in safety measures.ConclusionUsing MACSF as an irrigation fluid for aneurysm clipping can significantly improve the 90-day prognosis of patients with aSAH, which may be related to the reduced incidence of CVS.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04358445.
Predictive model of positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy based on Bayesian network analysis
Authors: Wang Guipeng , Du Haotian , Meng Fanshuo , Jia Yuefeng , Wang Xinning , Yang Xuecheng 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the independent risk factors for marginal positivity after radical prostatectomy and to evaluate the clinical value of the predictive model based on Bayesian network analysis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data from 238 patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy, between June 2018 and May 2022. The general clinical data, prostate specific antigen (PSA)–derived indicators, puncture factors, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics were included as predictive variables, and univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. We established a nomogram model based on the independent predictors and adopted BayesiaLab software to generate tree-augmented naive (TAN) and naive Bayesian models based on 15 predictor variables.ResultsOf the 238 patients included in the study, 103 exhibited positive surgical margins. Univariate analysis revealed that PSA density (PSAD) (P = 0.02), Gleason scores for biopsied tissue (P = 0.002) and the ratio of positive biopsy cores (P &lt; 0.001), preoperative T staging (P &lt; 0.001), and location of abnormal signals (P = 0.002) and the side of the abnormal signal (P = 0.009) were all statistically significant. The area under curve (AUC) of the established nomogram model based on independent predictors was 73.80%, the AUC of the naive Bayesian model based on 15 predictors was 82.71%, and the AUC of the TAN Bayesian model was 80.80%.ConclusionThe predictive model of positive resection margin after radical prostatectomy based on Bayesian network demonstrated high accuracy and usefulness.
FusionVAC22_01: a phase I clinical trial evaluating a DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion transcript-based peptide vaccine combined with immune checkpoint inhibition for fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and other tumor entities carrying the oncogenic driver fusion
Authors: Hackenbruch Christopher , Bauer Jens , Heitmann Jonas S. , Maringer Yacine , Nelde Annika , Denk Monika , Zieschang Lisa , Kammer Christine , Federmann Birgit , Jung Susanne , Martus Peter , Malek Nisar P. , Nikolaou Konstantin , Salih Helmut R. , Bitzer Michael , Walz Juliane S. 
Published: March 2024

The DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion transcript was identified as the oncogenic driver of tumor pathogenesis in fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FL-HCC), also known as fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), as well as in other tumor entities, thus representing a broad target for novel treatment in multiple cancer entities. FL-HCC is a rare primary liver tumor with a 5-year survival rate of only 45%, which typically affects young patients with no underlying primary liver disease. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment option if no metastases are present at diagnosis. There is no standard of care for systemic therapy. Peptide-based vaccines represent a low side-effect approach relying on specific immune recognition of tumor-associated human leucocyte antigen (HLA) presented peptides. The induction (priming) of tumor-specific T-cell responses against neoepitopes derived from gene fusion transcripts by peptide-vaccination combined with expansion of the immune response and optimization of immune function within the tumor microenvironment achieved by immune-checkpoint-inhibition (ICI) has the potential to improve response rates and durability of responses in malignant diseases. The phase I clinical trial FusionVAC22_01 will enroll patients with FL-HCC or other cancer entities carrying the DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion transcript that are locally advanced or metastatic. Two doses of the DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion-based neoepitope vaccine Fusion-VAC-XS15 will be applied subcutaneously (s.c.) with a 4-week interval in combination with the anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody atezolizumab starting at day 15 after the first vaccination. Anti-PD-L1 will be applied every 4 weeks until end of the 54-week treatment phase or until disease progression or other reason for study termination. Thereafter, patients will enter a 6 months follow-up period. The clinical trial reported here was approved by the Ethics Committee II of the University of Heidelberg (Medical faculty of Mannheim) and the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute (P-00540). Clinical trial results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numbersEU CT Number: 2022-502869-17-01 and ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT05937295).
Pediatric COVID-19 in Argentina: a comprehensive analysis of disease and economic burden through official data and a systematic literature review
Authors: Bardach Ariel , Ruvinsky Silvina , Moreno Carolina , Perelli Lucas , Kyaw Moe H. , Spinardi Julia , Mendoza Carlos Fernando , Carballo Carolina M. , Roel Macarena , Espinola Natalia 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundLimited data are available on the clinical impact and economic burden of COVID-19 in the pediatric population in Argentina. We aimed to estimate the disease and economic burden of COVID-19 on children and adolescents.MethodsWe analyzed official national databases and conducted a supplemental systematic review of the published literature with meta-analysis in children aged 0–18. The period of interest was from March 2020 to August 2021, before the introduction of vaccination in this age group as a national strategic plan. In addition, we used a cost of illness analysis to estimate the direct medical costs associated with COVID-19. All costs are reported in US dollars 2023.ResultsA total of 450,503 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 180 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) were reported in Argentina in the study period. Fourteen observational clinical studies were identified. The meta-analyses of severity level from hospital patients showed that according to different studies 15%–28% of cases were asymptomatic, 68%–88% were mild or moderate, and 3%–10% were severe or critical. About 28% of children had an underlying disease. In addition, the estimated economic burden associated with COVID-19 was 80 million dollars and 4 million dollars corresponded to MISC.ConclusionSignificant impact of COVID-19 on the healthcare system and substantial economic implications for the pediatric population in Argentina were identified. The findings should help policymakers to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively.
Exploring the causal relationship between female reproductive traits and frailty: a two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fan Maoxia , Wang Dandan , Wu Xiaoqi , Gao Wulin 
Published: March 2024

Background: The impact of female reproductive factors, including age at menarche (AAM), age at first birth (AFB), age at first sexual intercourse (AFS), age at natural menopause (ANM), and pregnancy abortion (PA), on the risk of developing frailty remains uncertain. Our objective is to examine the potential causal relationship between female reproductive traits and frailty through the utilization of two-sample univariable Mendelian Randomization (UVMR) and multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MVMR) analyses.Methods: Leveraging large-scale Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data from individuals of European ancestry, we performed two-sample UVMR and MVMR analyses to examine the causal relationship between female reproductive traits and frailty. The primary analysis employed inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) estimation, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.Results: The UVMR analysis revealed a significant causal relationship between female reproductive traits (AFS, AFB, AAM) and frailty [IVW: OR = 0.74, 95%CI(0.70–0.79), p = 0.000; OR = 0.93, 95%CI(0.92–0.95), p = 0.000; OR = 0.96, 95%CI(0.95–0.98), p = 0.000]. However, there was no significant effect of ANM and PA on frailty (p &gt; 0.05). The sensitivity analysis results were robust, supporting the findings. Furthermore, this association remained significant even after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and educational attainment (EA) in the MVMR analysis [IVW: OR = 0.94, 95%Cl (0.91–0.97), p = 0.000; OR = 0.77, 95%Cl (0.70–0.86), p = 0.000; OR = 0.95, 95%Cl (0.94–0.97), p = 0.000]. BMI and EA serve as mediators in this process.Conclusion: Our research has established a significant causal relationship between female reproductive traits (AFS, AFB, AAM) and frailty, with BMI and EA acting as mediating factors in this process. However, further research is warranted to validate our findings and elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
Pathotype characterization of Aphanomyces euteiches isolates collected from pea breeding nurseries
Authors: Moussart Anne , Lavaud Clément , Onfroy Caroline , Leprévost Théo , Pilet-Nayel Marie-Laure , Le May Christophe 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionAphanomyces euteiches Drechsler is an oomycete pathogen that affects legume crops, causing root rot, a severe disease of peas (Pisum sativum L.) worldwide. While significant research progress has been made in breeding pea-resistant varieties, there is still a need for a deeper understanding of the diversity of pathogen populations present in breeding nurseries located in various legume-growing regions around the world.MethodsWe analysed the diversity of 51 pea-infecting isolates of A. euteiches, which were recovered from four American (Athena, OR; Le Sueur, MN; Mount Vernon, WA; Pullman, WA) and three French (Riec-sur-Belon, Templeux-le-Guérard, Dijon) resistance screening nurseries. Our study focused on evaluating their aggressiveness on two sets of differential hosts, comprising six pea lines and five Medicago truncatula accessions.ResultsThe isolates clustered into three groups based on their aggressiveness on the whole pea set, confirming the presence of pathotypes I and III. Pathotype I was exclusive to French isolates and American isolates from Athena and Pullman, while all isolates from Le Sueur belonged to pathotype III. Isolates from both pathotypes were found in Mount Vernon. The M. truncatula set clustered the isolates into three groups based on their aggressiveness on different genotypes within the set, revealing the presence of five pathotypes. All the isolates from the French nurseries shared the same Fr pathotype, showing higher aggressiveness on one particular genotype. In contrast, nearly all-American isolates were assigned to four other pathotypes (Us1, Us2, Us3, Us4), differing in their higher aggressiveness on two to five genotypes. Most of American isolates exhibited higher aggressiveness than French isolates within the M. truncatula set, but showed lower aggressiveness than French isolates within the P. sativum set.DiscussionThese results provide valuable insights into A. euteiches pathotypes, against which the QTL and sources of resistance identified in these nurseries displayed effectiveness. They also suggest a greater adaptation of American isolates to alfalfa, a more widely cultivated host in the United States.
Intelligent diagnosis of the severity of disease conditions in COVID-19 patients based on the LASSO method
Authors: Jiang Zhuo , Yang Aixiang , Chen Hao , Shi Yiqiu , Li Xiaojing 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop an intelligent diagnosis model based on the LASSO method to predict the severity of COVID-19 patients.MethodsThe study uses the clinical data of 500 COVID-19 patients from a designated hospital in Suzhou, China, and selects eight features, including age, sex, dyspnea, comorbidity, complication, lymphocytes (LYM), CRP, and lung injury score, as the most important predictors of COVID-19 severity. The study applies the LASSO method to perform feature selection and regularization, and compares the LASSO method with other machine learning methods, such as ridge regression, support vector machine, and random forest.ResultsThe study finds that the ridge regression model has the best performance among the four models, with an AUROC of 0.92 in the internal validation and 0.91 in the external validation.ConclusionThe study provides a simple, robust, and interpretable model for the intelligent diagnosis of COVID-19 severity, and a convenient and practical tool for the public and the health care workers to assess COVID-19 severity. However, the study also has some limitations and directions for future research, such as the need for more data from different sources and settings, and from prospective, longitudinal, multi-class classification models. The study hopes to contribute to the prevention and control of COVID-19, and to the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Research on smart city public health detection system and improvement technology based on intelligent multi-objective
Authors: Liu Bo , Gu Jie , Wang Chao 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionWith the increase of urban population density, urban sanitation becomes more severe; urban sanitation has important influence on public health. Therefore, in order to realize the detection of public health in smart cities, the research will use cutting-edge scientific and technological methods to improve urban environmental health, so as to promote the realization of public health achievements. This study introduces public health detection and optimizationtechnologies for smart cities.MethodsFirstly, a data detection system for urban public health environment was established using sensors and intelligent multi-objective technology to evaluate the water quality, air quality, and noise level of the city. Then, an intelligent garbage management system based on Tensor-flow was constructed to achieve efficient garbage collection and treatment. Finally, an intelligent traffic management system was developed to monitor and regulate urban traffic flow.ResultsThe results of the simulation experiment demonstrated that the life data detection system was operationally stable, with a high success rate of 98%. Furthermore, its accuracy in detecting residents’ living environment data was above 95%, the maximum relative error was only 0.0465, making it a reliable and efficient tool. The waste recycling system achieved a minimum accuracy of 83.6%, the highest accuracy rate was 95.3%, making it capable of sorting and recycling urban waste effectively. Additionally, the smart traffic management system led to a 20% reduction in traffic congestion rates, 20 tonnes less tailpipe emissions and an improvement in public health and well-being.DiscussionIn summary, the plan proposed in this study aims to create a more comfortable, safe, and healthy urban public health environment, while providing theoretical support for environmental health management in smart cities.
Lived Experience of Parastomal Bulging: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Munro Julie , Hubbard Gill , Goodman Will , Beeken Rebecca , Oliphant Raymond 
Published: March 2024

Aim:This United Kingdom study aimed to explore people’s experiences of living with, and self-managing parastomal bulging.Methods:Seventeen people were interviewed and 61 people completed an online survey.Results:Parastomal bulging has a detrimental impact on quality of life including a negative impact on stoma function, daily activities, body image, physical intimacy, and socialising; access to specialist information and support for addressing the problem of bulging was inequitable; support garments were the most common self-management intervention; there was confusion about what exercise would be beneficial or how being active would help in terms of parastomal bulging self-management; peer support is no substitute for high quality specialist support.Conclusion:People need equitable access to information and support to self-manage and treat parastomal bulging. Research about other types of self-management interventions, for example, exercise is required so that people do not have to rely solely on support garments to self-manage parastomal bulging.
Studi Kelayakan Reaktivasi Jalur Kereta Api Tidak Aktif di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Pujiastuti Wulan 
Published: March 2024

Untuk mendukung peningkatan dan konektivitas antar wilayah di Sumatera Barat salah satunya adalah melakukan reaktivasi atau mengaktifan kembali jalur kereta api yang tidak beroperasi. Dalam rencana reaktivasi jalur kereta api tidak aktif di Provinsi Sumatera Barat dibutuhkan suatu kajian awal berupa kajian kelayakan yang berkaitan dengan penentuan trase yang sesuai untuk dilakukan reaktivasi. Kajian kelayakan ini didasarkan pada aspek teknis, kebijakan dan lingkungan. Untuk menentukan potensi demand dilakukan survey state preference dari 400 responden bahwa responden akan memilih menggunakan kereta api jika tempat asal ke stasiun dan dari stasiun ke tujuan memiliki aksesibilitas tinggi, integrasi antar moda angkutan umum, dan pelayanannya diperbaiki melebihi angkutan jalan darat. Di dalam penentuan prioritas jalur kereta api tidak aktif di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang akan dilakukan reaktivasi, dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis mutikriteria dengan hasil prioritas pertama adalah jalur Naras - Sungai Limau, prioritas kedua jalur Padang Sibusuk – Muaro, prioritas ketiga jalur Muara Kalaban - Padang Sibusuk, prioritas keempat jalur Padang Panjang–Bukittinggi-Payakumbuh-Limbanang, prioritas kelima jalur Kayutanam-Padang Panjang-Solok-Muara Kalaban- Sawahlunto.
Kata-kata Kunci: jalur, kereta api, studi kelayakan