bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and anatomical factors associated with stent under‐expansion in non‐severely calcified lesions
Authors: Sato Takao , Matsumura Mitsuaki , Yamamoto Kei , Shlofmitz Evan , Moses Jeffrey W. , Khalique Omar K. , Shin Doosup , Dakroub Ali , Singh Mandeep , Malik Sarah , Tsoulios Anna , Cohen David J. , Mintz Gary S. , Shlofmitz Richard A. , Jeremias Allen , Ali Ziad A. , Maehara Akiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundStent underexpansion, typically related to lesion calcification, is the strongest predictor of adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although uncommon, underexpansion may also occur in non‐severely calcified lesions.AimWe sought to identify the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of underexpansion in non‐severely calcified lesions.MethodsWe included 993 patients who underwent optical coherence tomography‐guided PCI of 1051 de novo lesions with maximum calcium arc <180°. Negative remodeling (NR) was the smallest lesion site external elastic lamina diameter that was also smaller than the distal reference. Stent expansion was evaluated using a linear regression model accounting for vessel tapering; underexpansion required both stent expansion <70% and stent area <4.5mm2.ResultsUnderexpansion was observed in 3.6% of non‐heavily calcified lesions (38/1051). Pre‐stent maximum calcium arc and thickness were greater in lesions with versus without underexpansion (median 119° vs. 85°, p = 0.002; median 0.95 mm vs. 0.78 mm, p = 0.008). NR was also more common in lesions with underexpansion (44.7% vs. 24.5%, p = 0.007). In the multivariable logistic regression model, larger and thicker eccentric calcium, mid left anterior descending artery (LAD) location, and NR were associated with underexpansion in non‐severely calcified lesions. The rate of underexpansion was especially high (30.7%) in lesions exhibiting all three morphologies. Two‐year TLF tended to be higher in underexpanded versus non‐underexpanded stents (9.7% vs. 3.7%, unadjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 3.02 [0.92, 9.58], p = 0.06).ConclusionAlthough underexpansion in the absence of severe calcium (<180°) is uncommon, mid‐LAD lesions with NR and large and thick eccentric calcium were associated with underexpansion.
Single suture‐mediated closure system after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A single‐center real‐world experience
Authors: Iacovelli Fortunato , Burattini Osvaldo , Sturdà Francesca , Branca Mattia , Stabile Eugenio , Fimiani Luigi , Salemme Luigi , Cioppa Angelo , Pucciarelli Armando , Cafaro Alessandro , Bortone Alessandro Santo , Contegiacomo Gaetano , Pignatelli Antonio , Tesorio Tullio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the use of two crossed Perclose ProGlide™ (Abbott Vascular Devices) is the most widespread technique to close the main arterial access in transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TF‐TAVI), the safest and most effective strategy still remains much debated.AimsThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of a single Perclose ProGlide suture‐mediated closure device to obtain femoral hemostasis after sheathless implantation of self‐expanding transcatheter heart valves through their 14 F‐equivalent fix delivery systems.MethodsThis prospective observational study included 439 patients undergoing TF‐TAVI at the “Montevergine” Clinic of Mercogliano, Italy. All patients underwent hemostasis of the large‐bore access using a single Perclose ProGlide with preclose technique, after sheathless implantation of self‐expanding transcatheter heart valves through 14 F‐equivalent fix delivery systems. A multidetector computed tomography analysis of size, tortuosity, atherosclerotic, and calcification burdens of the ilio‐femoral access route was made by a dedicated corelab. Vascular complications (VCs), percutaneous closure device (PCD) failure, and bleedings were adjudicated by a clinical events committee.ResultsA total of 81 different VCs were observed in 60 patients (13.7%); among these, 41 (5% of patients) were categorized as major. PCD failure occurred in 14 patients (3.2%). At the logistic regression analysis, no predictors of PCD failure have been identified.ConclusionThis registry suggests that the use of a single suture‐mediated closure device could be considered a safe and efficient technique to achieve access site hemostasis in patients undergoing TF‐TAVI through 14 F‐equivalent fix delivery systems.
Rational Design and Synthesis of Isatin‐Chalcone Hybrids Integrated with 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole: Anti‐Proliferative Profiling and Molecular Docking Insights
Authors: Swati  , Raza Asif , Chowdhary Shefali , Anand Amit , Shaveta  , Sharma Arun K. , Kumar Kewal , Kumar Vipan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, a series of isatin‐chalcone linked triazoles were synthesized using Cu‐promoted Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction and evaluated for their cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. The most potent compound displayed approximately 2.5 times greater activity compared to both reference compounds against ovarian cancer cell lines. These findings were supported by caspase‐mediated apoptosis and molecular docking analyses. Docking revealed comparable VEGFR‐2 affinities for 5 b and 5‐FU but highlighted stronger interaction of 5 b with EGFR, evident from its lower docking score. Overall, these results signify the notable anti‐proliferative potential of most synthesized hybrids, notably emphasizing the efficacy of compound 5 b in suppressing cancer cell growth.
Synthesis and Photoreforming Reaction of CdS Prepared from MOF Precursor
Authors: Kamata Sora , Nagakawa Haruki , Inaguma Ayako , Nagata Morio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe photoreforming reaction, which can produce hydrogen simultaneously with the decomposition of organic waste, is a promising method for resolving longstanding global issues such as the depletion of energy resources and climate change. However, ZnS photocatalysts, one of the most optimal catalysts for such reactions, has an inadequate visible‐light response; thus, the extensibility of the reaction is limited. In this study, CdS photocatalysts are prepared from metal–organic framework (MOF) precursors, that is, Cd‐MOFs. The prepared CdS exhibits high hydrogen production activity in the photoreforming of lignocellulosic biomass under quasi‐sunlight conditions. This activity is approximately 13.4 times that of the CdS prepared via the conventional hydrothermal method. Further, CdS can utilize light energy in the visible region of sunlight, providing a high quantum yield and demonstrating the potential for the extensibility of the reaction. The results of this study will facilitate the fabrication of novel materials for sustainable and efficient hydrogen production.
Impact of Surrounding Environment on Hot‐Exciton Based Organic Emitters for TADF Applications
Authors: M. Jacob Jesni , Ravva Mahesh Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in solid‐state environments is crucial for practical applications. However, limited research focuses on how the medium affects TADF properties of hot‐exciton‐based emitters. In our study, we calculated and compared reverse intersystem crossing, radiative, and non‐radiative decay rates of TADF emitters in gas, solvent, and solid phases. The designed emitters have a donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D) structure, with donors such as triphenylamine (TPA) and diphenylamine thiophene (ThPA), combined with acceptors such as benzothiadiazole (BT), pyridine thiadiazole (PT) and thiadiazolobenzopyridine (NPT). We model the solvent and solid phases with the polarizable continuum model (PCM) and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods, respectively. Using density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT, we analyze how TADF emitters′ geometrical, electronic, and excited‐state properties vary in these phases. Our results show that the solid‐state environment significantly influences the geometry and TADF properties of emitters. In the presence of solid medium, our study indicates that non‐radiative decay rates tend to be slower. On the other hand, radiative emission rates were found to be less influenced by the properties of the surrounding medium. Overall, our study connects emitter chemical structure and the surrounding environment‘s impact on excited‐state characteristics and photochemical properties.
The unseen invaders: Tracking phylogeographic dynamics and genetic diversity of cryptic Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata (Golden apple snails) across Taiwan
Authors: Banerjee Pritam , Dey Gobinda , Maity Jyoti Prakash , Stewart Kathryn A. , Sharma Raju Kumar , Chan Michael W. Y. , Lee Kuanhsuen , Chen Chien‐Yen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe cryptic invasion of golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata) in Taiwan has caused significant ecological and economical damage over the last few decades, however, their management remains difficult due to inadequate taxonomic identification, complex phylogeny, and limited population genetic information. We aim to understand the current distribution, putative population of origin, genetic diversity, and potential path of cryptic invasion of Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata across Taiwan to aid in improved mitigation approaches. The present investigation conducted a nationwide survey with 254 samples collected from 41 locations in 14 counties or cities across Taiwan. We identified P. canaliculata and P. maculata based on mitochondrial COI and compared their genetic diversity across Taiwan, as well as other introduced and native countries (based on publicly available COI data) to understand the possible paths of invasion to Taiwan. Based on mitochondrial COI barcoding, sympatric and heterogeneous distributions of invasive P. canaliculata and P. maculata were noted. Our haplotype analysis and mismatch distribution results suggested multiple introductions of P. canaliculata in Taiwan was likely originated directly from Argentina, whereas P. maculata was probably introduced from a single, or a few, introduction event(s) from Argentina and Brazil. Our population genetic data further demonstrated a higher haplotype and genetic diversity for P. canaliculata and P. maculata in Taiwan compared to other introduced regions. Based on our current understanding, the establishment of P. canaliculata and P. maculata is alarming and widespread beyond geopolitical borders, requiring a concerted and expedited national and international invasive species mitigation program.
The Solubility of Indium in Na2Ga7
Authors: Yu Chia‐Chi , Prots Yurii , Grin Yuri , Baitinger Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe ternary solid solution Na2Ga7−xInx (x≤0.25) was synthesized by annealing the elements at 300 °C in sealed Ta ampoules. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicated incongruent phase formation. The peritectic temperature ranges from 501(2) °C (x=0) to 474(2) °C (x=0.25). In addition, the unit cell parameters increase significantly with In content. At its maximum of x=0.25, the unit cell volume increases by 1 % compared to Na2Ga7. The In positions are deduced from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data obtained for the composition Na2Ga6.95In0.05 (space group Pnma; Z=8; a=14.876(3) Å, b=8.688(2) Å, c=11.605(4) Å). In the crystal structure of Na2Ga7, which consists of Ga12 icosahedra and 4‐bonded Ga atoms, the In atoms solely substitute the latter. The Na atoms are located in the channels and cavities of the framework. The phase is electron‐precise and can be considered a Zintl‐Wade compound with the formula unit [Na+]16[(12b)Ga122−]4[(4b)Ga−]7.6[(4b)In−]0.4.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Indirect and Regioselective Phosphonation of Azobenzenes: Toward the Design of Water‐Soluble Photoswitches
Authors: Amarsy Ivanna , Gigant Nicolas , Erturk Izel , Bogliotti Nicolas , Joseph Delphine , Delarue‐Cochin Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn efficient palladium‐catalyzed ortho C−H acyloxylation of azobenzenes, allowing the introduction of the difunctionalised substituent, diethylphosphonoacetate, is reported. Thanks to the mild reaction conditions implemented, this regioselective late‐stage ortho‐functionalization tolerates a wide range of functional groups and permits the access of diversely substituted azobenzenes in good to excellent yields. Selective hydrolysis of the diethyl phosphonate group leads to stable water‐soluble azo‐photoswitches with interesting photophysical properties such as an extended Z‐isomer half‐life, opening new opportunities in the design of optochemical tools for the exploration of living organisms.
Axial compressive and cyclic lateral behavior of a structural masonry prism constructed from crushed COVID‐19 face masks concrete bricks
Authors: Ghoniem Amr Gamal , Nour Louay Aboul , Zeleňáková Martina , Dolníková Erika , Katunský Dušan , El‐Feky Mohamed Hamdy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDiscarded medical face masks endanger the environment worldwide. In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of a shredded face mask (SFM) at 0% (control mix), 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% by volume of concrete in the form of pieces that were 1 cm wide and 2 cm long on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. After performing experimental testing on the materials, finite element masonry prisms with dimensions of 400 × 200 × 560 mm3 were modeled on the ANSYS platform. Four prisms with different fabric contents were numerically examined to study the compressive behavior, and 12 prisms with three different mortar joints were analyzed under an incremental horizontal load in the presence of four vertical displacements of 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 4.5 mm. The results revealed that increasing the SFM content in concrete led to a decrease in fresh and hardened concrete properties, including density, slump, split‐tensile strength, and compressive strength, by 9.5%, 20%, 24%, and 34%, respectively, compared with the control concrete at 0.5%. Moreover, the addition of 0.5% SFMs to the prism bricks reduced the maximum compressive load, deflection, and strain energy by 24%, 10%, and 39%, respectively. Altering the mortar type and vertical load affected the lateral cyclic behavior of the prisms. Compared with the M3 prism subjected to the same axial displacement, the M2 prism had 21.36%, 11%, 27.2%, and 10.48% higher lateral peak load, lateral peak displacement, equivalent stress, and strain energy, respectively. Furthermore, the lateral stiffness of the prism increases as the axial pressure increases. The lateral peak load of the M3 prism measured at 1.0, 3.0, and 4.5 mm axial displacement was raised by 60%, 142%, and 182%, respectively, as compared with the same prism at 0.5 mm axial displacement. The outcome provides a feasible concept for reusing masks in concrete construction with controllable strength deterioration on the masonry prism at 0.5% recycled SFM, resulting in attractive responses of these composites at the nonstructural scale
Design and analysis of a solar‐powered refrigeration system with thermal energy storage for efficient storage of scorpion antivenom
Authors: Abuelnour Mohamed Ali , Abuelnuor Abuelnuor A. A. , El‐Kawi O. S. Abd 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the use of a saltwater (sodium chloride and water) solution as a phase change material (PCM) in a small fridge for storing scorpion antivenom in Sudan's northern state. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the PCM in maintaining suitable storage temperature which 3 ± 2°C. By adding salt to the water, the freezing point decreased, enabling the solution to absorb more heat energy because the heat capacity of the saltwater solution is higher than the saltwater ice phase. The base case maintained (2310 g of water only) an average temperature of 9.5°C, while Case 1 (35 g of salt in 2310 g of water) reached 7°C and Case 2 (70 g of salt in 2310 g of water) achieved 5°C. Increasing the amount of saltwater solution led to improved heat absorption. Case 5 (70 g of salt in 4950 g of water) achieved an optimal storage temperature of 4°C. The relationship between outside and inside temperatures showed stable maintenance after initial melting, with a slight increase of approximately 1.5°C. These findings demonstrate the potential of solar‐powered fridge with PCM for reliable medication storage in remote areas. By optimizing salt concentration and quantity, temperature‐sensitive medications can be stored effectively, improving availability and quality.
The Ethic of Accompaniment
Authors: Haupt Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTaking inspiration from liberation theology and physician Paul Farmer, the lead article in the March‐April 2024 issue of the Hastings Center Report offers a “cautiously idealistic” argument for surgeons to follow the ethic of accompaniment, opening themselves to the lives of patients and communities who are poor, disabled, directly harmed by racism, and otherwise marginalized. Among other work in this issue are pieces on the ethics of approaches to mental health care in the United States. One essay, for example, illuminates three main phenomena that are contributing to a rise in the number of people with serious psychiatric conditions that are untreated or given inappropriate treatment. An At Law essay criticizes recent proposals by the mayors of New York City and Portland, Oregon, for expanding the use of involuntary commitment among people experiencing homelessness.
What Do Prospective Parents Owe to Their Children?
Authors: Levin Abigail 
Published: April 2024

AbstractI consider the question of what moral obligations prospective parents owe to their future children. It is taken as an almost axiomatic premise of a wide range of philosophical arguments that prospective parents have a moral obligation to take such steps as ensuring their own financial stability or waiting until they are emotionally mature before conceiving. This is because it is assumed that parents have a moral obligation to lay the groundwork for their children's lives to go well. While at first glance such a premise seems benign, I will argue that when it is applied to arguments in assisted reproductive technology, as it is in Julian Savulescu's procreative beneficence argument or as it is in Daniel Groll's recent argument for open gamete donation, we see problems with this premise. Problems in Groll's argument also become apparent when it is scrutinized in connection with this premise.
Leah Z. Rand, Daniel P. Carpenter, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Anushka Bhaskar, Jonathan J. Darrow, and William B. Feldman Reply
Authors: Rand Leah Z. , Carpenter Daniel P. , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Bhaskar Anushka , Darrow Jonathan J. , Feldman William B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe authors respond to a letter by Mitchell Berger in the March‐April 2024 issue of the Hastings Center Report concerning their essay “Securing the Trustworthiness of the FDA to Build Public Trust in Vaccines.”
Optimization of data analysis models for low‐resource Eurasian languages using machine translation
Authors: Chen HongYan , Yee Kim Kyung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores low‐resource language data translation models in the realms of multimedia teaching and cyber security. A rapid learning‐based neural machine translation (NMT) method is developed based on meta‐learning theory. Subsequently, the back translation method is employed to further improve the NMT model for low‐resource language data. Results indicate that the proposed low‐resource language NMT method based on meta‐learning achieves increased Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) scores for three target tasks in a supervised environment. This study emphasizes the auxiliary role of meta‐learning theory in low‐resource language data translation, aiming to enhance the efficiency of translation models in utilizing information from low‐resource languages.
Scaling and measurement error sensitivity of scoring rules for distribution forecasts
Authors: Kleen Onno 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis paper examines the impact of data rescaling and measurement error on scoring rules for distribution forecast. First, I show that all commonly used scoring rules for distribution forecasts are robust to rescaling the data. Second, the forecast ranking based on the continuous ranked probability score is less sensitive to gross measurement error than the ranking based on the log score. The theoretical results are complemented by a simulation study aligned with frequently revised quarterly US gross domestic product (GDP) growth data, a simulation study aligned with financial market volatility, and an empirical application forecasting realized variances of S&P 100 constituents.
A general, most basic rule for ion dissociation: Ionized molecules
Authors: Reis Adriano , Eberlin Marcos N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein we revisit a basic rule for the interpretation of ion chemistry of ionized molecules, first proposed by the pioneers of MS spectra interpretation, but somewhat overlooked over the years. This rule states that, when rationalizing or predicting the dissociation chemistry of an ionized molecule (M+.), a model analog to the “mobile proton model,” that is, a “mobile electron model” via “e‐‐jumping” should be considered. Ground‐state M+. is indeed the first species to be considered, but “e‐‐jumping” may eventually lead to other more energetic electromers—ionized molecules that differ only in the location of the missing electron—and each one of these electromers may dissociate via distinctive routes. In such a scenario, the route involving not necessarily the ground‐state M+., but the most labile electromer could become predominant or even exclusive. We argue that this “most labile electromer” rule, as well as an analogous “most labile protomer” rule that we have proposed for protonated molecules in an accompanying article, with the application of our conventional toolbox of a few cleavages and rearrangements, greatly simplifies the interpretation and prediction of ion chemistry.
Prevalence and impact of viral myocarditis in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Authors: Hao Yao , Wang Xiaoyi , Du Zhixiang , Liu Cuicui , Zhang Mingfang , Kuai Huifen , Wang Wenjie , Wang Zijian , Liu Zhenjun , Yang Jianghua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo explore the association and impact between viral myocarditis and mortality in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. A dynamic analysis was conducted between fatal group and nonfatal group regarding the daily epidemiology data, clinical symptoms, and electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and laboratory findings. Outcomes of patients with and without viral myocarditis were compared. The association between viral myocarditis and mortality was analyzed. Among 183 severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome patients, 32 were in the fatal group and 151 in the nonfatal group; there were 26 (81.25%) with viral myocarditis in the fatal group, 66 (43.70%) with viral myocarditis in the nonfatal group (p < 0.001), 79.35% of patients had abnormal ECG results. The abnormal rate of ECG in the fatal group was 100%, and in the nonfatal group was 74.83%. Univariate analysis found that the number of risk factors gradually increased on Day 7 of the disease course and reached the peak on Day 10. Combined with the dynamic analysis of the disease course, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase fraction, lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, neutrophil count, serum creatinine, Na, Ca, carbon dioxide combining power, amylase, lipase, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time had statistically significant impact on prognosis. The incidence of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome combined with viral myocarditis is high, especially in the fatal group of patients. Viral myocarditis is closely related to prognosis and is an early risk factor. The time point for changes in myocarditis is Day 7 of the course of the disease.