bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thio Effects on the Departure of the 3′‐Linked Ribonucleoside from Diribonucleoside 3′,3′‐Phosphorodithioate Diesters and Triribonucleoside 3′,3′,5′‐Phosphoromonothioate Triesters: Implications for Ribozyme Catalysis
Authors: Lönnberg Tuomas , Ora Mikko , Virtanen Sami , Lönnberg Harri 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo provide a solid chemical basis for the mechanistic interpretations of the thio effects observed for large ribozymes, the cleavage of triribonucleoside 3′,3′,5′‐phosphoromonothioate triesters and diribonucleoside 3′,3′‐phosphorodithioate diesters has been studied. To elucidate the role of the neighboring hydroxy group of the departing 3′‐linked nucleoside, hydrolysis of 2′,3′‐O‐methyleneadenosin‐5′‐yl bis[5′‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl] phosphoromonothioate (1 a) has been compared to the hydrolysis of 2′,3′‐O‐methyleneadenosin‐5′‐yl 5′‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl 2′,5′‐di‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl phosphoromonothioate (1 b) and the hydrolysis of bis[uridin‐3′‐yl] phosphorodithioate (2 a) to the hydrolysis of uridin‐3′‐yl 2′,5′‐di‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl phosphorodithioate (2 b). The reactions have been followed by RP HPLC over a wide pH range. The phosphoromonothioate triesters 1 a,b undergo two competing reactions: the starting material is cleaved to a mixture of 3′,3′‐ and 3′,5′‐diesters, and isomerized to 2′,3′,5′‐ and 2′,2′,5′‐triesters. With phosphorodithioate diesters 2 a,b, hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed cleavage of the PO3′ bond is the only reaction detected at pH >6, but under more acidic conditions desulfurization starts to compete with the cleavage. The 3′,3′‐diesters do not undergo isomerization. The hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed cleavage reaction with both 1 a and 2 a is 27 times as fast as that compared with their 2′‐O‐methylated counterparts 1 b and 2 b. The hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed isomerization of the 3′,3′,5′‐triester to 2′,3′,5′‐ and 2′,2′,5′‐triesters with 1 a is 11 times as fast as that compared with 1 b. These accelerations have been accounted for by stabilization of the anionic phosphorane intermediate by hydrogen bonding with the 2′‐hydroxy function. Thio substitution of the nonbridging oxygens has an almost negligible influence on the cleavage of 3′,3′‐diesters 2 a,b, but the hydrolysis of phosphoromonothioate triesters 1 a,b exhibits a sizable thio effect, kPO/kPS=19. The effects of metal ions on the rate of the cleavage of diesters and triesters have been studied and discussed in terms of the suggested hydrogen‐bond stabilization of the thiophosphorane intermediates derived from 1 a and 2 a.
Thermal Dehydration of the Double Salts K2Be(XO4)2×2H2O (X: S, Se).
Authors: Georgiev M. P. , Stoilova D. G. , Marinova D. M. , Karadjova V. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Remarkably Efficient Enantioselective Titanium(IV)—(R)‐H8‐BINOLate Catalyst for Arylations to Aldehydes by Triaryl(tetrahydrofuran)aluminum Reagents.
Authors: Wu Kuo‐Hui , Gau Han‐Mou 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fused Imidazoles and Benzothiazoles from (Hetero)aromatic ortho‐Diamines of ortho‐Aminothiophenol and Aldehydes Promoted by Chlorotrimethylsilane.
Authors: Ryabukhin Sergey V. , Plaskon Andrey S. , Volochnyuk Dmitriy M. , Tolmachev Andrey A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reduction of Halogen‐Containing Hydrocarbons with Diisobutylaluminum Hydride, Catalyzed by LnCl3×3H2O×3(EtO)2AlOH Complexes.
Authors: Bulgakov R. G. , Kuleshov S. P. , Karamzina D. S. , Dzhemilev U. M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Mild and Regioselective Method for α‐Bromination of β‐Keto Esters and 1,3‐Diketones Using Bromodimethylsulfonium Bromide (BDMS).
Authors: Khan Abu T. , Ali Md Ashif , Goswami Papori , Choudhury Lokman H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Fluoroalkenes via Diethylzinc‐Promoted Wittig Reaction.
Authors: Zoute Ludivine , Dutheuil Guillaume , Quirion Jean‐Charles , Jubault Philippe , Pannecoucke Xavier 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Iodine‐Induced Transformations of Alcohols under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Stavber Gaj , Zupan Marko , Stavber Stojan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of Alkenyl Fischer Carbene Complexes with Ketene Acetals: Formation of Alkynes.
Authors: Wang Siu Ling B. , Liu Xuejun , Ruiz Miriam C. , Gopalsamuthiram Vijay , Wulff William D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [3C + 2C] Cycloaddition of Alkylidenecyclopropanes to Allenes.
Authors: Trillo Beatriz , Gulias Moises , Lopez Fernando , Castedo Luis , Mascarenas Jose L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclopropyl Building Blocks for Organic Synthesis. Part 135. Nickel‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [3 + 2 + 2] and [2 + 2 + 2] Cocyclizations of Bicyclopropylidene and Alkynes.
Authors: Zhao Ligang , de Meijere Armin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Formal Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to Nitroalkenes by Chiral Ammonium Bifluoride Catalysis.
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Takada Saki , Doda Kanae , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
General Preparation of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Aryl Amines by the Oxidative Coupling of Polyfunctional Aryl and Heteroaryl Amidocuprates.
Authors: del Amo Vicente , Dubbaka Srinivas Reddy , Krasovskiy Arkady , Knochel Paul 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Expedient Method for the Synthesis of Thiosemicarbazones under Microwave Irradiation in Solvent‐Free Medium.
Authors: Li Jian‐Ping , Zheng Peng‐Zhi , Zhu Jun‐Ge , Liu Rui‐Jie , Qu Gui‐Rong 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Benzyl Halides with Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Elia Maxwell D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed, Triethylborane‐Promoted C‐Allylation of Naphthols and Benzene Polyols by Direct Use of Allyl Alcohols.
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Fukasaka Miki , Tamaru Yoshinao 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organoselenium Mediated Asymmetric Cyclizations. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1,6‐Dioxaspiro[4.4]nonanes.
Authors: Tiecco Marcello , Testaferri Lorenzo , Bagnoli Luana , Scarponi Catalina , Temperini Andrea , Marini Francesca , Santi Claudio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and in silico Metabolic and Toxicity Prediction of Some Flavanone Derivatives.
Authors: Moorthy Narayana Subbiah Hari Narayana , Singh Rahul Jitendra , Singh Hemendra Pratap , Gupta Sayan Dutta 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Indolizines and Benzoindolizines by Annulation of Donor—Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Electron‐Deficient Pyridines and Quinolines.
Authors: Morra Nicholas A. , Morales Christian L. , Bajtos Barbora , Wang Xin , Jang Hyosook , Wang Jian , Yu Ming , Pagenkopf Brian L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Simple Synthesis of Some Pentafluoropropenyl Derivatives of Pyrimidine and Purine Based on Addition—Elimination Reaction.
Authors: Wojtowicz‐Rajchel Hanna , Migas Michal , Koroniak Henryk 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rapid Approach to 3,5‐Disubstituted 1,4‐Benzodiazepines via the Photo‐Fries Rearrangement of Anilides.
Authors: Ferrini Serena , Ponticelli Fabio , Taddei Maurizio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nine New ent‐Labdane Diterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Andrographis paniculata.
Authors: Chen Li‐Xia , Qiu Feng , Wei Hong , Qu Ge‐Xia , Yao Xin‐Sheng 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Urea‐Tethered Disaccharides in Water.
Authors: Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Matsukawa Yohei , Tamura Mari , Ohara Fumiyo , Isobe Minoru , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Alkaloids from Aristolochia manshuriensis (Aristolochiaceae).
Authors: Zhang Yun‐Tian , Jiang Jian‐Qin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Concise, Convergent Total Synthesis of Monocerin.
Authors: Cassidy John H. , Farthing Christopher N. , Marsden Stephen P. , Pedersen Anders , Slater Mark , Stemp Geoffrey 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Antifungal Macrolide, Eushearilide (I), Isolated from Eupenicillium shearii.
Authors: Hosoe Tomoo , Fukushima Kazutaka , Takizawa Kayoko , Itabashi Takeshi , Kawahara Nobuo , Vidotto Valerio , Kawai Ken‐ichi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electron Transfer Reactions Between Chloroaurate(III) Complexes and Various Inorganic and Organic Reducing Agents in Acid Medium — A Brief Review
Authors: Pal Biswajit , Sen Pratik K. , Gupta Kalyan K. Sen 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Identification of Oxidation Products and Oxidation Pathways of High Molecular Weight Dicarboxylic Acids under Hydrothermal Condition
Authors: Jin Fangming , Cao Jianxun , Enomoto Heiji , Moriya Takehiko 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Carbanion Generation Through Tin‐Lithium Exchange of Vinyl‐, Aryl‐, and Hetarylstannanes
Authors: Rim Chinwon , Son David Y. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A phase II and pharmacodynamic study of gefitinib in patients with refractory or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Posadas Edwin M. , Liel Meghan S. , Kwitkowski Virginia , Minasian Lori , Godwin Andrew K. , Hussain Mahrukh M. , Espina Virginia , Wood Bradford J. , Steinberg Seth M. , Kohn Elise C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe primary objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical effects of gefitinib on its target signal‐transduction pathways in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The secondary objectives included assessing clinical activity and toxicity and determining the association between biochemical and clinical outcomes.METHODSTwenty‐four heavily pretreated patients with EOC who had good end‐organ function and performance status and who had measurable disease received gefitinib 500 mg daily. Prospectively planned core‐needle tumor biopsies were obtained before treatment and after 4 weeks. Protein expression of total and phosphorylated (p) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), protein kinase B (AKT), and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) was quantified in microdissected tumor cells using tissue lysate array proteomics.RESULTSAll tumor samples had detectable levels of EGFR and p‐EGFR. A decrease in the quantity of both EGFR and p‐EGFR was observed with gefitinib therapy in >50% of patients. This was not associated with clinical benefit, nor were responses observed. However, trends for increased gastrointestinal and skin toxicity were observed with greater phosphorylation or quantities of EGFR, ERK, and AKT in tumor samples (P ≤ .05). Gefitinib had limited clinical activity as monotherapy despite documented target inhibition.CONCLUSIONSThe results from this study demonstrated that gefitinib inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR in EOC tumor cells, providing proof of target in a clinical setting. Combinatorial therapy with molecular therapeutics against complementary targets may prove successful. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society.
A review of hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy
Authors: Lutz Stephen T. , Chow Edward L. , Hartsell William F. , Konski Andre A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRadiotherapy commonly is employed to address symptoms in patients with symptoms caused by cancer. For this article, the authors reviewed data supporting the use of hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy. In addition to single‐fraction treatment for painful bony metastasis, the available literature suggested that courses of 2 to 14 external‐beam fractions may provide equivalent relief to longer course treatment in patients with a poor prognosis who have primary cancers of the lung, rectum, bladder, prostate, head and neck, spleen, and gynecologic system. Hypofractionated treatment delivers palliation that is time efficient, cost effective, and minimally toxic. Evidence suggests that the reluctance of radiation oncologists to provide single‐fraction treatment acts as a barrier to referrals from palliative care professionals. Collaboration in education, research, and patient advocacy will advance the common objectives of the 2 specialties and lead to an appropriate increase in the use of palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Prostate‐specific antigen velocity and prostate cancer gleason grade and stage
Authors: Pinsky Paul F. , Andriole Gerald , Crawford E. David , Chia David , Kramer Barnett S. , Grubb Robert , Greenlee Robert , Gohagan John K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Increased preoperative prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) velocity (PSAV) has been associated with increased prostate cancer mortality and higher Gleason scores. The authors evaluated the relation between PSAV, biopsy Gleason score, and pathologic stage in men who were enrolled in a prostate cancer screening trial.METHODS.Data were analyzed from 1441 men who were enrolled in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial who received ≥2 PSA screens and were diagnosed with prostate cancer within 1 year of the last screen. PSAV was estimated by using all screening PSA values within 6 years prediagnosis.RESULTS.Both PSA and PSAV were related to biopsy Gleason score. The multivariable odds ratios (OR), controlling for PSA and demographics, for having a Gleason score of 7 to 10 were 1.3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9–1.9), 2.2 (95% CI, 1.5–3.3), and 2.3 (95% CI, 1.4–3.9) for men with PSAV values from 0.5 to 1 ng/mL per year, from 1 to 2 ng/mL per year, and >2 ng/mL per year, respectively, compared with men who had PSAV values <0.5 ng/mL per year. The median PSAV was 0.60 ng/mL per year for men with Gleason scores from 2 to 6 versus 0.84 ng/mL per year for men with Gleason scores from 7 to 10 (P < .0001). Among 658 men who underwent prostatectomy, both PSA and PSAV were associated with advanced pathologic stage in univariate analyses; however, when the analysis controlled for clinical stage and biopsy Gleason score, the associations of PSA and PSAV were no longer statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS.PSAV and PSA levels were associated independently with biopsy Gleason score. Among men who underwent prostatectomy, PSAV and PSA were not predictive of advanced pathologic stage when the analysis was controlled for biopsy Gleason score and clinical stage. It cannot be determined yet whether PSAV is predictive of long‐term prostate cancer outcome in this cohort. Cancer 2007. Published 2007 by the American Cancer Society.
The benefit of using whole‐body, low‐dose, nonenhanced, multidetector computed tomography for follow‐up and therapy response monitoring in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Horger Marius , Kanz Lothar , Denecke Barbara , Vonthein Reinhard , Pereira Philippe , Claussen Claus D. , Driessen Christoph 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objectives of this study were to assess the status and clinical course of patients with multiple myeloma based on the direct visualization of changes in medullary, extramedullary, and focal osteolytic myeloma involvement by using whole‐body, low‐dose, multidetector computed tomography (WBLD‐MDCT) and to compare those results with an assessment based on conventional hematologic parameters.METHODS.Between June 2002 and December 2005, WBLD‐MDCT scans were obtained from 131 consecutive multiple myeloma patients with or without therapy, resulting in a total of 439 examinations. The number and size of osteolytic lesions and the number, size, and density of focal or diffuse medullary and extramedullary lesions were analyzed. Those results and the results at follow‐up were related to current laboratory tests for myeloma. Validation was achieved by the combined reading of both hematologic and radiologic parameters at follow‐up.RESULTS.Association between both diagnostic modalities was assessed by using European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation response criteria, resulting in an agreement of κ = 0.70. Hematologic parameters proved correct in 84% of all examinations, whereas WBLD‐MDCT resulted in correct assessment in 94% of all examinations. Among 91 of 439 examinations that produced discrepant findings (21%), WBLD‐MDCT proved correct in 68 of 91 examinations (75%), as determined at further follow‐up (95% confidence interval, 66–83%; P = .000003; sign test). The combination of WBLD‐MDCT with conventional, laboratory‐based follow‐up resulted in significantly greater diagnostic accuracy compared with laboratory testing alone.CONCLUSIONS.The results from this study indicated that WBLD‐MDCT represents a reliable, imaging‐based method for the direct monitoring of the course of patients with myeloma under specific therapy, and it showed good concordance with established hematologic parameters. It is noteworthy that, in the current investigation, WBLD‐MDCT proved to be even more reliable than conventional, laboratory‐based follow‐up. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Quality of life among long‐term non‐Hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Authors: Mols Floortje , Aaronson Neil K. , Vingerhoets Ad J. J. M. , Coebergh Jan‐Willem W. , Vreugdenhil Gerard , Lybeert Marnix L. M. , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The objective of this population‐based study was to document the long‐term effects (5–15 years postdiagnosis) of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and its treatment on health‐related quality of life (HRQL) and social problems.METHODS.The population‐based Eindhoven Cancer Registry was used to select all patients who were diagnosed with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma from 1989 to 1998. Three hundred sixty patients were invited to complete the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) and the Quality of Life‐Cancer Survivors questionnaire, and 294 patients (82%) responded.RESULTS.Patients who had received chemotherapy reported significantly worse psychological and social well‐being and health‐related quality of life (HRQL) than patients who had not received chemotherapy. Radiotherapy and watchful waiting were not associated significantly with HRQL outcomes. Patients who were diagnosed from 10 to 15 years earlier reported better social well‐being than patients who were diagnosed from 5 to 9 years earlier. Compared with an age‐matched, normative sample from the general population, patients reported significantly worse general health and less vitality, but they reported less bodily pain. Practical problems were reported with work (41%), obtaining health care insurance (6%) and life insurance (15%), and obtaining a home mortgage (22%).CONCLUSIONS.From 5 to 15 years after diagnosis, the general health perceptions and vitality levels of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma survivors remained significantly lower than those of their peers in the of general population. In addition, survivors faced practical problems with work and finances that deserve additional attention during the period of rehabilitation. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.