bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
أثر المتغيرات النقدية على أسعار أسهم قطاع المصارف باستخدام الانحدار المتعدد (التوقفات) للمدة 2005-2019
Authors: خليفة إبراهيم إسماعيل , بتال أحمد حسين , حمد عبد علي 
Published: March 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى تحليل تأثير صدمات (توقفات) اسعار النفط على السياسة النقدية ومن ثم على اسعار اسهم قطاع المصارف في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية كذلك قياس وتحليل العلاقة بين المتغيرات النقدية واسعار الأسهم من خلال توظيف اسلوب الانحدار المتعدد (التوقفات) خلال مدة الدراسة (2019-2005)، وتم التوصل الى اهم الاستنتاجات هي ان سعر السياسة يؤثر بشكل عكسي على ( قطاع المصارف) في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية وهذا يعني ان تأثير سعر السياسة على اسعار الاسهم يكون بطريقة غير مباشرة عبر القدرة الاستهلاكية للمواطنين والتي تتأثر بمعدلات الفائدة داخل الدولة، وتؤدي زيادة تكلفة اقتراض المصارف من البنك المركزي الى قيامها ايضاً بتمرير تلك الزيادة الى المجتمع من خلال رفع تكاليف القروض بأنواعها وهذا يؤدي الى خفض سيولة الافراد وبالتالي ينعكس على انخفاض الطلب على الاسهم مما يؤدي الى انخفاض اسعارها، اما اهم التوصيات التي اليها الدراسة هي الاهتمام بتنويع الهيكل الاقتصادي العراقي من اجل تجنب اثار الصدمات التي يمكن ان يتعرض لها الاقتصاد العراقي، نتيجة اعتماده على النفط مصدر اساسي لتمويل الموازنة العامة للدولة، من خلال اقامة ركائز اقتصاد حقيقي مكوَن من قاعدة انتاجية ومالية وخدمية.
DETERMINASI KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA PERUSAHAAN NON-KEUANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA GO PUBLIC
Authors: Sinaga Lorenjo Kaleb , Saebani Akhmad 
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study is to find out of effect the use of information technology, user expertise, and quality of information system toward the quality of accounting information. It was conducted on a sample of non-financial companies of state owned companies that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data collected for the study came from a survey that was sent out to the finance and accounting staff members of the company. The study was conducted using a statistical method known as SEM by SmartPLS. The results of the analysis revealed that the information system's quality significantly affected the quality of accounting information, but not for the use of information technology and user expertise.
KEJUJURAN DALAM PELAPORAN ANGGARAN Dengan Pendekatan Kuasi Eksperimen
Authors: Syam BZ Fazli , Abdurrahman Khalif , Priantana Riha Dedi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:
Business practices carried out by company owners sometimes set targets that are too high so that budget managers use any means to meet these targets. Budget managers tend to provide dishonest or semi-honest budget reports by using sources of budgetary slack by using the benefits of direct or indirect budgetary slack. This study tries to use the basic concept of measuring budgets using financial elements so that managers are more interested in committing fraud than the concept of measuring using non-financial ones. Furthermore, elements of participatory budgeting are included which allows dishonesty to occur in budget reporting due to information gaps between lower managers and company owners.
This study aims to determine how the basic influence of budget measurement, the benefits of budgetary slack, and participatory budgeting with the dependent variable, namely the honesty of budget reporting with a quasi-experimental method. This study was attended by 120 undergraduate accounting student participants who were divided into 4 experimental groups (2x2).
The results of this study show that the basis for measuring the budget, the benefits of budgetary slack, and participatory budgeting have a significant effect on the honesty of budget reporting.

Keywords: Financial and Non-Financial Measurement, Benefits of Budgetary Slack, Honesty in Financial Reporting.
COVID-19 Patients' Experiences during the Pandemic: A Phenomenology Study
Authors: Thirarattanasunthon Phiman , Kongnarong Lanjakorn , Chanachon Nattacha , Adesina Femi , Ageru Temesgen A. , Pham Tin Trung , Stanikzai Muhammad H. , Suwanbamrung Charuai 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic caught the world community off guard, with irreversible effects, causing numerous hospitalizations and deaths across the globe. Understanding COVID-19 patients' lived experience is crucial to care assessment. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the experiences of COVID-19 patients before, during, and after hospitalization. Methods: The present study employed a phenomenological method, and purposive sampling was used to select participants. The individuals discharged from COVID-19 treatment in the upper southern region of Thailand were recruited to participate. Data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted by telephone, LINE, and face-to-face from July 1 to September 14, 2020. Results: The study included a total of eight participants selected from seven provinces located in the southern region of Thailand. The mean age of the participants was 42 years, and the mean duration of hospitalization was 22 days, with 62.5% of them having underlying illnesses. The patients' experiences were categorized into 14 distinct sub-themes, corresponding to the various stages of pre-hospitalization, throughout hospitalization, and post-hospitalization. The pre-infection lifestyles of the participants indicated a lack of understanding and misunderstanding regarding COVID-19. This study found that the participants had more fear, depression, and suicidal thoughts during hospitalization. Nevertheless, the participants unequivocally affirmed that the nurse-patient interaction, in terms of providing assistance and addressing mental health concerns, brought them a sense of solace. However, they encountered rejection from their community after being discharged from the hospital. Conclusion:COVID-19 survivors must remain confident in their ability to continue life and believe that they made the right choice by accepting hospital care to save their own lives and prevent the spread of the disease. Healthcare practitioners and stakeholders within the healthcare service system can utilize this knowledge of patients' experiences to assist patients in the prevention, treatment, and management of COVID-19. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2024-05-01-04 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Aluminium Fiber on the Strength property of Concrete
Authors: Hekro Muhammad Rehan , Najeeb-ur-Rehman Phul  , Sajjad Ali Mangi  , Waqar Hussain Phul  
Published: March 2024

This experimental work is aimed at determining the influence of aluminium waste fiber on plain cement concrete. To achieve this aim, compressive strength test has been conducted. The compressive strength test has been conducted in Compression machine. The plain cement concrete with the ratio 1:1.5:3 at 0.55 water cement ratio has been utilized in this study. Aluminium waste has been used as additional material in concrete. The weight of aluminium has been taken from 0.5%, 1.5% and 1.5% by weight of cement of varying aspect ratios that are 2.5 (length=0.5 inch, width=5mm), 5 (length=1inch, width=5mm) and 7.5 (1.5 inch, 0.5mm). A total number of ten batches, each batch contained six cubes and were casted for evaluation of compressive strength test. The curing ages selected for this particular study have been 7 and 28 days. It has been observed in this study that aluminium waste has resulted into a decrease in compressive strength of concrete as compared to normal concrete. This study has made application of solid waste as addition material in concrete. Therefore, this study will be helpful to reduce environmental pollution.
Older individuals and preventative behavioural interventions for COVID-19: a scoping review and perspective on wellbeing
Authors: Thorsteinsson Einar B , Cosh Suzanne M , Loi Natasha M 
Published: March 2024

Background In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, nations around the world introduced a range of behavioural interventions and restrictions in order to manage the spread of the virus. These included social distancing, lockdowns, and use of personal protective equipment, amongst others. The aim of the present paper is to examine some of the effects of these interventions on the psychological wellbeing and mental health of older adults, especially those with hearing loss. Methods The present review focused on published peer reviewed studies focusing on older adults. Search engines included Google Scholar, SpringerLink Journals, ProQuest Central, and PubMed employing different combinations of search terms such as “COVID-19”, “older adults”, and “isolation”. Results Older adults were at risk of experiencing increased anxiety and depression and poorer wellbeing during lockdowns across nations, with those self-reporting loneliness reporting more severe symptomatology. Reductions in wellbeing were observed both amongst community-dwelling older adults and those living in residential care facilities. Use of personal protective equipment, especially masks, and social distancing requirements impacted communication amongst older adults with hearing loss, with this subgroup reporting increased depression, anxiety, and stress, with symptoms increasing with the severity of the hearing loss. Conclusions While technology can help to mitigate the impacts of lockdowns and restrictions, limited access to devices and a range of challenges in upskilling older adults has impacted the utility of these technologies for promoting wellbeing. Education and training in the use of technologies and digital devices for both older adults and families might assist in promoting wellbeing, with increased accessibility needed in aged care facilities to further support the wellbeing of residents.
Application of Sitting and Lying Diabetic Leg Exercises with a Decrease Blood Sugar Levels on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients
Authors: Heri Heri , Muda Iskandar , Khumaidi Khumaidi , Sukmana Mayusef 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels, if not controlled, will cause severe body system dysfunction. Diabetes mellitus has management in the form of physical exercise. The recommended exercise is diabetic foot exercise. Methods: This study used a descriptive research design with a case study approach carried out in March 2023 with two respondents in the Sidomulyo Health Center area using SOP for diabetic foot exercises. Results: The blood sugar levels results before being given therapy on the first day; R1=227 and R2=213. On the second day, R1=219 and R2=203. On the third day, R1=236 and R2=195. On the fourth day, R1=226 and R2=192. After being given therapy on the first day, R1=208 and R2=194. On the second day, R1=210 and R2=171. On the third day, R1=212 and R2=166. On the fourth day, R1=200 and R2=164. Conclusion: There is a decrease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after being given diabetic leg exercises while sitting and lying down.Keywords: Diabetic Foot Exercise, Blood Sugar Levels, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Berberine as a potential enhancer for 5-ALA–mediated fluorescence in glioblastoma: increasing detectability of infiltrating glioma stem cells to optimize 5-ALA–guided surgery
Authors: Ohtsuka Yoshihiro , Suehiro Satoshi , Inoue Akihiro , Ohnishi Takanori , Nishikawa Masahiro , Yamashita Daisuke , Yano Hajime , Choudhury Mohammed E. , Ozaki Saya , Sampetrean Oltea , Saya Hideyuki , Watanabe Hideaki , Tanaka Junya , Kunieda Takeharu 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
The prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM) correlates with residual tumor volume after surgery. In fluorescence-guided surgery, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has been used to maximize resection while avoiding neurological morbidity. However, not all tumor cells, particularly glioma stem cells (GSCs), display 5-ALA–mediated protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence (5-ALA fluorescence). The authors searched for repositioned drugs that affect mitochondrial functions and energy metabolism, identifying berberine (BBR) as a potential enhancer of 5-ALA fluorescence. In this study, they investigated whether BBR can enhance 5-ALA fluorescence in GSCs and whether BBR can be applied to clinical practice as a 5-ALA fluorescence enhancer.

METHODS
The effects of BBR on 5-ALA fluorescence in glioma and GSCs were evaluated by flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS]) analysis. As 5-ALA is metabolized for heme synthesis, the effects of BBR on mRNA expressions of 7 enzymes in the heme-synthesis pathway were analyzed. Enzymes showing significantly higher expression than control in all cells were identified and protein analysis was performed. To examine clinical availability, the detectability and cytotoxicity of BBR in tumor-transplanted mice were analyzed.

RESULTS
Fluorescence microscopy revealed much more intense 5-ALA fluorescence in both GSCs and non-stem cells with 5-ALA and BBR than with 5-ALA alone. FACS showed that BBR greatly enhanced 5-ALA fluorescence compared with 5-ALA alone, and enhancement was much higher for GSCs than for glioma cells. Among the 7 enzymes examined, BBR upregulated mRNA expressions of ALA synthetase 1 (ALAS1) more highly in all cells, and activated ALAS1 through deregulating ALAS1 activity inhibited by the negative feedback of heme. An in vivo study showed that 5-ALA fluorescence with 5-ALA and BBR was significantly stronger than with 5-ALA alone, and the sensitivity and specificity of BBR-enhanced fluorescence were both 100%. In addition, BBR did not show any cytotoxicity for normal brain tissue surrounding the tumor mass.

CONCLUSIONS
BBR enhanced 5-ALA–mediated PpIX fluorescence by upregulating and activating ALAS1 through deregulation of negative feedback inhibition by heme. BBR is a clinically used drug with no side effects. BBR is expected to significantly augment fluorescence-guided surgery and photodynamic therapy.
The natural history of aneurysms incompletely occluded by placement of a flow diverter: a multiinstitutional study
Authors: Theiss Peter , Ali Ahmed Essam , McGuire Laura Stone , Lanzino Giuseppe , Ghozy Sherief , Brinjikji Waleed , Naamani Kareem El , Amllay Abdelaziz , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Jabbour Pascal , Salem Mohamed M. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Jankowitz Brian T. , Abla Adib , Tonetti Daniel A. , Kan Peter T. , Robledo Ariadna , Alaraj Ali 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Treatment of intracranial aneurysms by flow diversion is safe and effective and is increasingly popular. However, the correct treatment paradigm for aneurysms incompletely treated by initial placement of a flow diverter has not been established, nor have the subsequent natural history and occlusion rates of such aneurysms. The authors sought to outline the natural history of such aneurysms, which to date have been considered partially treated.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases from 6 high-volume neurointerventional services, including all cases in which the first follow-up imaging after placement of a flow diverter showed incomplete occlusion of the aneurysm, and for which subsequent clinical and/or radiological follow-up was available. All included patients were treated with the Pipeline Flex embolization device or the Pipeline Flex embolization device with Shield Technology. Subsequent radiographic and clinical outcome data were collected and analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival function.

RESULTS
A total of 263 patients with persistently patent aneurysms on first follow-up imaging after flow diversion were identified. Of these, 204 had clinical follow-up and 152 had additional imaging follow-up. Of this final cohort, 148 aneurysms were unruptured, and 4 were ruptured. The average aneurysm size by maximum dimension was 10.8 mm. The average recorded follow-up was 27.8 months in the cohort, with some patients followed for as long as 9 years from treatment. Over the course of 403 person-years of follow-up, no delayed aneurysm ruptures were recorded. Both with and without retreatment, aneurysms showed a trend toward progressive occlusion over time. Complications related to device placement were low.

CONCLUSIONS
Aneurysms that have been incompletely treated by flow diversion have a benign natural history with progression toward occlusion over time, with or without retreatment.
Incidence of and risk factors for chronic subdural hematoma after endoscopic endonasal surgery: quantitative analysis of pneumocephalus
Authors: Umekawa Motoyuki , Hasegawa Hirotaka , Shinya Yuki , Shin Masahiro , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is known to occur after endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES); however, the detailed clinical picture remains unclear. In this study, the authors aimed to examine the incidence of and risk factors for post-EES CSDH, with a focus on the quantitative evaluation of postoperative pneumocephalus.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively collected data on consecutive patients who, between November 2016 and December 2022, had undergone EES during which intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage occurred. Using CT images obtained immediately after surgery (CT0), the authors measured the extent of pneumocephalus in detail. The locations of pneumocephalus were divided into two groups: remote and local. Remote pneumocephalus was further subdivided into convexity and ventricular. The incidence of post-EES CSDH was calculated, and its risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTS
Among the 159 EES patients included in the study, Esposito grade 1, 2, and 3 intraoperative CSF leakage was confirmed in 22 (14%), 27 (17%), and 110 (69%) patients, respectively. CSDH occurred in 6 patients (3.8%). One patient (0.6%) required unilateral burr hole surgery, whereas the hematomas spontaneously disappeared in the others. All CSDHs occurred in patients with Esposito grade 3 CSF leakage and convexity pneumocephalus on CT0. In the multivariate analysis of 149 sides with convexity pneumocephalus on CT0, the product of the diameter and the thickness of convexity pneumocephalus on CT0 was significantly associated with subsequent CSDH (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.06–1.38, p = 0.004). Using a cutoff value of 10 cm2, CSDH development could be predicted with a sensitivity of 0.82 and specificity of 0.74.

CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of post-EES CSDH is acceptably low, and surgery is rarely required. Patients with extensive convexity pneumocephalus on immediate postoperative CT are prone to develop CSDH and thus should be carefully monitored.
Neglected tracts of the brainstem: transverse peduncular tract of Gudden and taenia pontis
Authors: Rahmanov Serdar , Güngör Abuzer , Gulsuna Beste , Munoz-Gualan Alberth Patricio , Türe Uğur 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
The anatomy and function of the brainstem have fascinated scientists for centuries; however, the brainstem remains one of the least studied regions of the human brain. As the authors delved into studying this structure, they observed a growing tendency to forget or neglect previously identified structures. The aim of this study was to describe two such structures: the transverse peduncular tract, also known as the Gudden tract, and the taenia pontis. The authors analyzed the potential effects of neglecting these structures during brainstem surgery and the implications for clinical practice.

METHODS
After removal of the arachnoid and vascular structures, 20 human brainstem specimens were frozen and stored at −16°C for 2 weeks, according to the method described by Klingler. The specimens were then thawed and dissected with microsurgical techniques. The results of microsurgical fiber dissection at each step were photographed.

RESULTS
This study revealed two previously neglected or forgotten structures within the brainstem. The first is the transverse peduncular tract of Gudden, which arises from the brachium of the superior colliculus. This tract follows an arcuate course along the lateral and ventral surfaces of the midbrain, perpendicular to the cerebral peduncle, and terminates in the nuclei of the transverse peduncular tract within the interpeduncular fossa. The second structure is the taenia pontis, which originates contralaterally in the interpeduncular fossa. It becomes visible at the level of the pontomesencephalic sulcus and extends to the base of the lateral mesencephalic sulcus, where it divides into several thin bundles. Along the interpeduncular sulcus, between the superior and middle cerebellar peduncles, it reaches the parabrachial recess and enters the cerebellum.

CONCLUSIONS
Recently, with increasing understanding and expertise in brainstem research, surgical approaches to this area have become more common, emphasizing the importance of a detailed knowledge of the brainstem. The two structures mentioned in this paper are described in history books and were widely studied in the 19th century but have not been mentioned in modern literature. The authors propose that a deeper understanding of these structures may prove valuable in neurosurgical practice and help reduce patient comorbidity.
Preoperative prescription opioid use as an independent predictor of 90-day mortality and adverse events in craniotomy and craniectomy patients
Authors: Shah Varun S. , Dornbos David , Hoang Nguyen (Alex) , Cua Santino , Rodgers Brandon , Pezzutti Dante , Duenas Helen , Eaton Ryan , Kreatsoulas Daniel , Elder J. Bradley , Prevedello Daniel M. , Lonser Russell R. , Nimjee Shahid M. 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
A growing body of literature suggests that preoperative opioid exposure is an independent predictor of poor outcomes in surgical patients. No outcomes data exist on preoperative opioid use and craniotomies/craniectomies. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of preoperative opioid use on 90-day adverse events after craniotomy or craniectomy.

METHODS
A single-center retrospective cohort study of 2445 patients undergoing a craniotomy/craniectomy between January 1, 2013, and October 1, 2018, was conducted. Baseline demographics, pre- and postoperative opioid use (morphine milligram equivalents [MMEs]), and surgical metrics were recorded. Patients were categorized based on whether they took prescription opioids preoperatively, defined as within 1 month of surgery, or were opioid naive. The outcomes were mortality and adverse events 90 days after craniotomy/craniectomy.

RESULTS
Overall, 26.6% of patients composed the preoperative opioid group. The median daily MME intake among this group was 34.6 (IQR 14.1–90) MMEs. Lower employment rates (p < 0.001), uninsured status (p = 0.016), and intravenous drug use (p = 0.006) were associated with preoperative opioid use. Preoperative opioid use was associated with increased venous thromboembolism (p = 0.001), acute kidney injury (p = 0.002), acute respiratory failure (p < 0.001), myocardial infarction (p = 0.002), delirium (p < 0.001), and infection (p < 0.001). Preoperative opioid use was an independent predictor of overall 90-day adverse events (OR 1.643, 95% CI 1.289–2.095; p < 0.001) and 90-day mortality (OR 1.690, 95% CI 1.254–2.277; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative opioid use was independently associated with 90-day postoperative adverse events and mortality. Opioid use increases vulnerability in craniotomy/craniectomy patients and necessitates close monitoring to improve outcomes.