bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative application of mixed and augmented reality for digital surgery: a systematic review of ethical issues
Authors: Ursin Frank , Timmermann Cristian , Benzinger Lasse , Salloch Sabine , Tietze Fabian-Alexander 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionHead-mounted displays (HMDs) that superimpose holograms onto patients are of particular surgical interest as they are believed to dramatically change surgical procedures by including safety warning and allowing real-time offsite consultations. Although there are promising benefits of mixed and augmented reality (MR/AR) technologies in surgery, they also raise new ethical concerns. The aim of this systematic review is to determine the full spectrum of ethical issues that is raised for surgeons in the intraoperative application of MR/AR technology.MethodsFive bibliographic databases were searched for publications on the use of MR/AR, HMDs and other devices, their intraoperative application in surgery, and ethical issues. We applied qualitative content analysis to the n = 50 articles included. Firstly, we coded the material with deductive categories derived from ethical frameworks for surgical innovations, complications and research. Secondly, clinical aspects with ethical relevance were inductively coded as ethical issues within the main categories. Thirdly, we pooled the ethical issues into themes and sub-themes. We report our findings according to the reporting guideline RESERVE.ResultsWe found n = 143 ethical issues across ten main themes, namely patient-physician relationship, informed consent, professionalism, research and innovation, legal and regulatory issues, functioning equipment and optimal operating conditions, allocation of resources, minimizing harm, good communication skills and the ability to exercise sound judgement. The five most prevalent ethical issues are “Need for continuous research and innovation”, “Ensuring improvement of the learning curve”, “MR/AR enables new maneuvers for surgeons”, “Ensuring improvement of comfort, ergonomics, and usability of devices,” and “Not withholding MR/AR if it performs better”.ConclusionsRecognizing the evidence-based limitations of the intraoperative MR/AR application is of paramount importance to avoid ethical issues, but clinical trials in surgery pose particular ethical risks for patients. Regarding the digital surgeon, long-term impact on human workforce, potentially harmful “negative training,” i.e., acquiring inappropriate behaviors, and the fear of surveillance need further attention. MR/AR technologies offer not only challenges but significant advantages, promoting a more equitable distribution of surgical expertise and optimizing healthcare. Aligned with the core principle of social justice, these technologies enable surgeons to collaborate globally, improving training conditions and addressing enduring global healthcare inequalities.
Effectiveness of the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Preventing Severe Disease-Related Outcomes: A Population-Based Study in the Italian Province of Bolzano (South Tyrol)
Authors: Lorenzon Antonio , Palandri Lucia , Uguzzoni Francesco , Cristofor Catalina Doina , Lozza Filippo , Poluzzi Riccardo , Rizzi Cristiana , Bertoli Pierpaolo , Zerzer Florian , Righi Elena 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of SARS-CoV2 vaccination in preventing ordinary or intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and deaths among cases registered during a variant transitional pandemic phase in the geographically and culturally unique territory of the Province of Bolzano (South Tyrol), an Italian region with low vaccination coverage.Methods: We collected data from 93,643 patients registered as positive for SARS-CoV-2 by health authorities during the winter of 2021–22. The data were analyzed retrospectively using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression.Results: 925 patients were hospitalized (0.99%), 89 (0.10%) were in intensive care, and 194 (0.21%) died. Vaccinated patients had a significantly lower risk of being hospitalized: adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 0.39; 95% CI: 0.33–0.46, ICU admission: aOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.09–0.29 and death: aOR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.29–0.58. Similar risk reductions were also observed in booster-vaccinated patients, independent of sex, age, and predominant variant. Furthermore, the median length of stay (LoS) in the ICU was significantly longer for unvaccinated individuals compared to vaccinated subjects (9 vs. 6 days; p &lt; 0.003).Conclusion: Primary series vaccination and ongoing campaign booster doses were effective in preventing all severe disease-related outcomes and in reducing ICU Length of Stay, even during a transitional pandemic phase and in a unique territorial context.
L’Allemagne dans les caricatures françaises 1914-1918
Authors: Demm Eberhard 
Published: March 2024

L’Allemagne dans les caricatures françaises 1914-1918.
Pendant la Grande Guerre, les caricaturistes français se sont mis au service de la propagande de guerre, dont le but était de soutenir le moral du front et de l’arrière, de même que de mobiliser la population contre l’ennemi. Ainsi, dans les caricatures françaises, les Allemands sont dénigrés, comparés à des monstres et associés à des symboles négatifs afin d’inspirer la haine et la crainte ; ou ils sont ridiculisés afin de renforcer la conviction de la supériorité alliée et de distraire la population des souffrances et des privations. À la fin de son article, l’auteur pose la question de savoir jusqu’à quand l’image des Allemands en France est restée marquée par cette propagande de guerre.
Robert Antelme et la littérature concentrationnaire française
Authors: Overbeck Renate 
Published: March 2024

Robert Antelme et la littérature concentrationnaire française.
Romans et autobiographies sur la vie dans les camps de concentration n’ont trouvé un large public qu’à partir des années 60. Les survivants des camps avaient cependant compris dès leur libération que les seuls témoignages seraient insuffisants pour faire comprendre l’horreur, et qu’il faudrait passer par des textes littéraires pour toucher l’imagination. Les textes autobiographiques ou fictionnels sont importants pour la mémoire collective. Le vrai travail de deuil ne consiste pas à ressasser ou à fuir, mais à ré-élaborer. A côté des documents et des explications scientifiques, les récits doivent aider à « défataliser le passé » (R. Aron). Ces récits peuvent alors donner une perspective d’avenir. Tous nos auteurs considèrent que le national-socialisme procède d’une idéologie et non du caractère national allemand. Ils font ainsi la distinction entre « nazis » et « Allemands ». Cette attitude a sans doute contribué à rendre possible la réconciliation de nos deux peuples. Robert Antelme a écrit son livre L’Espèce humaine peu après sa libération. Pour lui, communiquer ses expériences et ses réflexions dans les camps avait une fonction thérapeutique. Sur le plan anthropologique il arrive à deux conclusions : 1 . Rester en vie est un acte de révolte contre les SS dont le but est l’extermination des prisonniers. Mais il n’est efficace que si l’on reste solidaire des autres. 2. L’homme, aussi misérable soit-il, reste homme. Personne ne peut l’exclure de l’espèce humaine.
Germanistik auf dem Weg von Frankreich über Deutschland nach Europa. Robert Minders mentalitätsgeschichtliche Darstellungen deutscher Literatur
Authors: Fingerhut Karlheinz 
Published: March 2024

La germanistique française en route vers l’Europe en passant par l’Allemagne. Robert Minder ou l’histoire des mentalités appliquée à la littérature allemande.
Traditionnellement, les muses de la germanistique n’étaient pas, pour parler avec Heine (Atta Troll), des « cantinières de la liberté», mais plutôt des « lavandières de la nationalité germano-chrétienne ». À partir des spécificités régionales, historiques et culturelles, Minder vise à proposer aux peuples français et allemands une image plus réaliste de leur voisin. Ces deux « peuples de l’Humanité » (Heine) doivent apprendre l’un de l’autre et construire ensemble une société civile européenne. Les échanges culturels entre la France des Lumières et l’Allemagne classique et romantique ont pour Minder valeur de modèle. Notre essai étudie d’abord l’importance que Minder accorde à la culture pour le nouvel ordre européen. La germanistique selon Minder est une science qui a un rapport affectif à son objet : c’est pourquoi ce germaniste ne recule pas devant les simplifications ou les polémiques, conformément d’ailleurs à la tradition de Mme de Staël et de Heinrich Heine, ces médiateurs franco-allemands qu’il appréciait tant. Dans un deuxième temps, la discussion porte sur la méthode de Minder, qui consiste à construire l’identité « nationale » en additionnant les spécificités régionales, tout en décelant dans ces mêmes spécificités des éléments renvoyant à d’autres nations. Ici s’amorce une modélisation du champ culturel que la germanistique actuelle, cette discipline en crise permanente, devrait redécouvrir et approfondir.
Ethical Decision Making and Sustainable Development in Green Washing
Authors: Jegadeeswari S , Lakshmi Priya N , Velmurugan R , Sudarvel J 
Published: March 2024

The pursuit of sustainability has become a pillar of corporate responsibility in the quickly changing business environment of today. But despite the admirable attempts to embrace eco-friendly behaviors, a disturbing occurrence called "greenwashing" endures. The false representation of a company's environmental activities as more environmentally friendly than they actually are is known as "greenwashing." In this piece, we explore the vital nexus between sustainable development, moral decision-making, and the widespread problem of greenwashing. The foundation of corporate conduct is ethical decision-making, which is based on principles like accountability, respect, justice, and reliability. This paradigm gives company owners the ability to tackle problems fairly and with concern for all parties involved, carefully assessing theiroptions to make moral decisions. In addition to fostering trust, fostering an ethical culture makes ensuring that business
Anti-Greenwashing Initiatives and their Ripple Effect-an Europian Way
Authors: A Hakim Sunni Yasmin , Babu Vinothkumar Y 
Published: March 2024

This article addresses the proactive measures taken in Europe to combat greenwashing, mainly targeting asset management companies. Notably, the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulations (SFDR) have been introduced to enforce sustainability-related disclosure requirements. To make sustainable investing more transparent, substantial initiatives to enhance the environment and society must be disclosed, fostering a more profound understanding among consumers and investors and contributing to environmental protection.
As Europe advances to combat greenwashing, it raises the possibility of similar initiatives emerging in the Japanese investment trust market to instil confidence among market participants. This article explores suspected cases and issues related to greenwashing while contemplating future challenges in this evolving landscape. It also speaks about promoting sustainability investments by asset management companies.
O DIREITO DE IR E VIR DA POPULAÇÃO VULNERÁVEL EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA
Authors: Omena Vasconcellos Trennepohl Anna Karina , Dias de Souza Ferreira Eduardo 
Published: March 2024

Este artigo trata da questão do direito de ir e vir das pessoas em situação de rua no Brasil. O objetivo geral é analisar a relação entre a igualdade posta em dispositivos legais e a efetividade ou eficácia material do princípio da igualdade quando há colisão de direitos entre pessoas de níveis sociais distintos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica com ênfase em uma análise sobre o surgimento da desigualdade entre os homens, o princípio da igualdade e a Teoria Utilitarista. Consequentemente, abordam-se decisões judiciais sobre o tema, com destaque para a Ação de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental, ADPF 976, que trata do tema em questão. Por fim, apresentam-se alguns apontamentos sobre o suposto conflito de direitos, a atual discussão jurídica posta para análise do Supremo Tribunal Federal e as medidas que devem ser adotadas frente aos conflitos elencados. Para o desenvolvimento deste artigo, a metodologia adotada foi a revisão bibliográfica, associada a uma pesquisa atenciosa da jurisprudência acerca da matéria.
Pcatool: À procura de um instrumento de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços da atenção primária à saúde no Brasil.
Authors: Arci Matheus de Sousa , Mackevicius Bernardes Luzana , Coura de Sá Lívia Maria , Alves de Oliveira Lucas , Mackevicius Bernardes Victória , Conceição Martins Lourdes 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que analisou artigos que aplicaram o PCATool como método de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). O objetivo central foi analisar as limitações inerentes ao uso dessa ferramenta. Método: Foram utilizadas as bases Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, SciElo e PubMed. Selecionados os descritores de busca por meio dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Primary Health Care AND PCATool. Resultados: O cruzamento foi feito pela busca avançada, utilizando-se o booleano AND. Seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, analisaram-se 11 artigos, publicados entre os anos de 2018 e 2022. Conclusão: A análise crítica dos estudos revelou diversas limitações do PCATool no contexto brasileiro. Essas limitações se agrupam em várias categorias analíticas, incluindo a abrangência limitada das formas de atendimento, a restrição da versão reduzida do instrumento, a distribuição igualitária de pesos aos atributos, a ênfase na perspectiva dos usuários, a falta de avaliação técnica e de resultados, bem como, a ausência de itens específicos para diferentes grupos populacionais. Essas limitações ressaltam a importância de considerar cuidadosamente o contexto e as necessidades locais ao aplicar o PCATool, a fim de obter uma avaliação mais abrangente e precisa da qualidade da APS, evidenciando os desafios necessários para a busca de um instrumento adequado para a realidade brasileira.
Resistance of rose varieties to black spot
Authors: Myroshnychenko D. , Pikovskyi M. 
Published: March 2024

Goal. To evaluate the resistance of tea-hybrid and floribunda roses to black spot caused by the fungus Diplocarpon rosae F.A. Wolf. (Marssonina rosae (Lib.) Died.).
Methods. Laboratory — for diagnosis of the disease and identification of its causative agent. Field — visual assessment of the distribution and degree of development of black spot (on a 6-point scale) on rose varieties under conditions of a natural infectious background. Mathematical and statistical — to assess the reliability of experimental results.
Results. The conducted studies show that during the growing seasons of 2022—2023, black spotting was widespread on all varieties of hybrid tea roses. The intensity of disease development ranged from 30 to 70%. The average lesion score was 1.5—3.5. Ascot, Fiesta and Charming Piano varieties were noted to have the lowest degree of damage (30%). Among roses of the floribunda group, the spread of the disease was in the range of 25—100%, and its development was from 5 to 70%. The average damage score of different varieties was in the range of 0.25—3.5. The least amount of black spotting was seen on plants of the Blu fo Y variety. At the same time, its intensity of damage was 5%. There were no immune groups among rose varieties of two garden groups. Of the 12 varieties of tea-hybrid roses, highly resistant ones were also not found. 3 varieties were resistant, 6 were moderately resistant, and 3 were susceptible. Of the 11 floribunda rose varieties examined, one variety was characterized by high resistance, 3 were resistant, 5 were moderately resistant, and 2 were susceptible.
Conclusions. According to the results of screening for resistance to black spot, 23 varieties of garden roses did not find immune roses among them. All studied varieties were affected by the causative agent of the disease D. rosae against a natural infectious background. Among the hybrid tea roses, Ascot, Fiesta and Charming Piano varieties are classified as resistant. The Blue Pho Yu variety (floribunda roses) was characterized by high resistance. Floribunda roses Sim Salabim, Bernstein and Four Elis were resistant to the disease. These varieties can be recommended for use in urban landscaping.
The use of ecologically safe means in the protection against sucking phytophages in the ampelocenoses of the Northern Black Sea region
Authors: Baranets L. , Balan G. , Mezernyuk T. , Perepelitsa O. 
Published: March 2024

Goal. To provide data on insecticides for protection of grapes from thrips and Japanese grape cicada and their influence on the number of entomophages, which is an important element for the organization of effective and environmentally friendly technology of grape growing.
Methods. Combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in plant protection — entomology and biomethod. The use of generally accepted methods of analysis (hypothesis, experiment, induction and synthesis) provides sufficient information on the control of grape thrips and Japanese grape cicada under the conditions of using environmentally friendly means of protection, which is one of the main elements of modern technologies for optimizing agroecosystems and obtaining environmentally friendly products. The phytosanitary method of route surveys involves the identification of entomophages and the establishment of dominant species and prevalence of grape thrips and Japanese grape cicada among them. The field method ensures the study of the effectiveness of the elements of the integrated grape crop protection system. The laboratory method involved the identification of species diversity of beneficial fauna. The statistical method was used to calculate the data obtained, determine their accuracy and reliability.
Results. The database was updated with environmentally safe products, and regulations for their use were established, which are focused not so much on pest control as on the overall optimization of the phytosanitary condition of plantations, obtaining environmentally friendly products and preserving beneficial fauna. Under natural conditions, without pesticide pressure, the number of predators in a multicomponent entomocomplex is many times higher than in traditional agrocenoses.
Conclusions. The composition of preparations with a given direction of minimizing damage to beneficial fauna and, accordingly, the environment was formed. The results obtained and the conclusions formulated on their basis are of practical importance in terms of the prospects for the production of environmentally friendly products by applying environmentally friendly and effective methods of controlling the number of sucking pests and preserving the natural agrobiocenosis.
Peculiarities of bacteriosis development in agrocenosis of pome fruit orchards
Authors: Krym I. 
Published: March 2024

Goal. Was to determine ssources of bacterium diseases of pome fruits in agrocenoses and their seasonal development study and factors, which impacts on plants defeating level.
Methods. Field (route, selective and continuous studies) and laboratory (extracting pure bacterium cultures, determining pathogenicity, identifying through the sum of morpho-cultural and their physiological and biochemical features).
Results. There were determined the defeating peculiarities of pome fruits by bacteriosis defeating on pome fruits during the investigation in 2011—2015 and 2021—2023. Their causative agents was conformed by bacterium extraction from plant material. The most intensive bacterial necrosis happened in spring, during the period of juice intensive movement, when the tree is the most favorable to defeating. The defeating observed only on some shoots in summer (to 5% from the volume of tree crown), but the cancer development continued on the trunk’s bark. The first symptoms of fire blight observed during blossoming and at the beginning of fruit setting. The full picture opened during the shoots’ active growth. The shoots` defeating level was in the scope of 3—12% and only on some trees reached 15—18%. The fire blight strong defeat (to 55% of crown tree) observed in 2015 through the mass propagation pear-tree psylla. New fire blight sources were not identified in Chernivtsi region in 2021—2023.There were only presence of bacterial necrosis causative agent.
Conclusions. The bacteriosis defeating determined and researched in plantations Chernivtsi and Vinnytsia regions. The highest fire blight defeating level (to 55% of crown) connected with mass propagations of pear-tree psylla. It is the main pathogen carrier. The bacterium necroses defeating depends upon the weather conditions of weather period and following the necessary level of agrotechnical measures. The investigation scheme for pome fruits bacteriosis determined developed with phenological phases terms considerations and periods of the most plants susceptibility to phytopathogens defeating.
Evaluation of infiltration models in clay loam and laterite soils under field conditions
Authors: Kindo Shubham , Agrawal Narendra , Shori A. 
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the investigation is to calculate soil infiltration rates with the help of infiltration models. The infiltration model helps to design and evaluate surface irrigation systems. The study calculated constant infiltration for two types of soils (clay loam soil and laterite soil) under field conditions (Unploughed and Ploughed). The double-ring infiltrometer has been implemented to experiment. The value of various constants of the models was calculated using the approach of averages counselled through a graphical technique. Fitting infiltration test data to prominent infiltration models such as Philip’s, Horton's and Kostiakov’s and The Nash- Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) statistics are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model. The results indicate that Philip's model is the most reliable, with R2, NSE, and RMSE values ranging from 0.9044-0.9677, 0.294-0.957 and 1.2647-5.7129, respectively. Therefore, under identical circumstances and without any kind of infiltration information, the above model can be employed to artificially produce infiltration information.
Gene actions and combining ability effects on grain yield and its constituent traits in inbred lines of quality protein maize
Authors: Agarwal Arjun Kumar , Swain Digbijaya , Lenka Devraj , Kumar Arun , Tripathy Swapan Kumar 
Published: March 2024

In the present study twenty-eight hybrid combinations resulting from the half-diallel mating of eight quality protein maize (QPM) inbred lines were chosen in order to examine the potential to combine and gene activity for ten yield and component attributes. As part of the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on maize during the kharif-2020 season, the experiment was done at the research farm of college of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology (OUAT) Bhubaneswar, using a randomized complete block design replicated thrice. Every observation recorded was subjected to statistical evaluation and it was revealed that the mean squares derived from the general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) were highly significant (p ≥0.01). Estimates of sca effects were greater than that of gca effects for all of the variables used in the study, suggesting to the predominance of dominant gene action. The inbred lines Q4-DQL 2221-1-1(833.792), Q2-DQL 2099 (517.658) and Q3- DQL 2159 (350.325) shows high gca effects for yield and its attributing traits due to more additive gene action thus identified as good general combiners for yield. Twelve of the twenty-eight crosses showed significant (p ≥0.01 and 0.05) positive sca effect on grain yield. The best experimental crosses for grain yield based on per se performance and sca effects were Q2 x Q8 (2106.748), Q1 x Q6 (2053.048), Q3 x Q7 (2027.082), and Q3 x Q6 (1719.884).