bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Regulation of Hormone Signalling Genes in Black Pepper in Response to Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Mahadevan Chidambareswaren , Shafi K. Mohamed , Nagarathnam B , Sakuntala Manjula , Sowdhamini Ramanathan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a non-model spice crop of significant agricultural and biological importance. The 'quick wilt' disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici is a major threat, leading to substantial crop loss. The molecular mechanisms governing the plant immune responses to this pathogen remain unclear. This study employs RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis to explore the defense mechanisms of black pepper against P. capsici.
Results
Two-month-old black pepper plantlets were subjected to infection with P. capsici, and leaf samples were collected at 6- and 12-hours post-inoculation. RNA was extracted, sequenced, and the resulting data were processed and assembled. Differential gene expression analysis was conducted to identify genes responding to the infection. Additionally, the study investigated the involvement of Salicylic acid (SA), Jasmonic acid (JA), and Ethylene (ET) signalling pathways. Our transcriptome assembly comprised 64,667 transcripts with 96.7% completeness, providing valuable insights into the black pepper transcriptome. Annotation of these transcripts identified functional categories and domains, provided details on molecular processes. Gene expression analysis identified 4,714 transcripts at 6 hours post-infection (hpi) and 9,416 at 12 hpi as differentially expressed, revealing dynamic regulation of immune-related genes. Furthermore, the study investigated key genes involved in biosynthesis pathways of Salicylic acid, Jasmonic acid, and Ethylene signalling. Notably, we found differential regulation of critical genes associated with these pathways while comparing data before and after infection, thereby shedding light on their roles in defense mechanism in black pepper defense.
Conclusions
This comprehensive transcriptome analysis of black pepper response to P. capsici attack provides valuable insights into the plant defense mechanisms. The dynamic regulation of innate immunity and the involvement of key signalling pathways highlight the complexity of the plant-pathogen interaction. This study contributes to our understanding of plant immunity and offers potential strategies for enhancing black pepper resistance to this harmful pathogen.
Implications of Sedation During the Use of Non-invasive Ventilation in Children with Acute Respiratory Failure (SEDANIV Study)
Authors: Barrezueta Lorena Bermúdez , Mayordomo-Colunga Juan , Miñambres-Rodríguez María , Reyes Susana , Ramos Juan Valencia , Lopez-Fernandez Yolanda Margarita , Mendizabal Mikel , Vivanco-Allende Ana , Cuesta Alba Palacios , Melgares Lidia Oviedo , Unzueta-Roch José Luis , López Jorge , Villalta María Teresa Jiménez , Tejedor Maite Cuevas-Mons , González Lourdes Artacho , Olmos Ainhoa Jiménez , Pons-Òdena Martí 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of sedation administration on clinical parameters, comfort status, intubation requirements, and the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) length of stay (LOS) in children with acute respiratory failure (ARF) receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV).
Methods: Thirteen PICUs in Spain participated in a prospective, multicenter, observational trial from January to December 2021. Children with ARF under the age of five who were receiving NIV were included. Clinical information and comfort levelswere documented at the time of NIV initiation, as well as at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The COMFORT-behavior (COMFORT-B) scale was used to assess the patients’ level of comfort. NIV failure was considered to be a requirement forendotracheal intubation.
Results: A total of 457 patients were included, with a median age of 3.3 months (IQR 1.3-16.1). Two hundred and thirteen children (46.6%) received sedation (sedation group); these patients had a higher heart rate, higher COMFORT-B score, and lower S/F ratio than did those who did not receive sedation (non-sedationgroup). A significantly greater improvement in the COMFORT-B score at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, heart rate at 6 and 12 hours, and S/F ratio at 6 hours was observed in the sedation group. Overall, the NIV success rate was 95.6% -intubation was required in 6.1% of the sedation group and in 2.9% of the other group (p =0.092). Multivariate analysis revealed that the PRISM III score at NIV initiation (OR 1.408; 95% CI 1.230–1.611) and respiratory rate at 3 hours (OR 1.043; 95% CI 1.009–1.079) were found to be independent predictors of NIV failure. The PICU LOS was correlated with weight, PRISM III score, respiratory rate at 12 hours, SpO2 at 3 hours, FiO2 at 12 hours, NIV failure and NIV duration. Sedation use was not found to be independently related to NIV failure or to the PICU LOS.
Conclusions: Sedation use may be useful in children with ARF treated with NIV, as it seems to improve clinical parameters and comfort status but may not increase the NIV failure rate or PICU LOS, even though sedated children were more severe at technique initiation in the present sample.
Intellectual Heritage G.D. Grebenshikov in the Context of Civil Confrontation in Russia at the Beginning of the XX Century
Authors: Будякова Т.П. , Полякова Т.А. 
Published: April 2024

Биография и интеллектуальное наследие Г.Д. Гребенщикова рассматриваются в кон-тексте исследований интеллектуальной истории. Раскрываются возможности и пределы использования этого наследия в интерпретации исторических событий периода гражданского противостояния в России в начале XX в. Продукты интеллектуального творчества Г.Д. Гребенщикова, являясь результатом активного познания мира и самопознания на протяжении всей его жизни, фиксируют рост его личности. Ценность интеллектуального наследия малозаметной личности ограничивается возможностями ее самовыражения. Это обусловлено низким иерархическим статусом такого человека, его социальной и иной зависимостью от многих факторов, с которыми приходится считаться при выражении своей социальной и личной позиции. Способ выражения своей социальной позиции и историческая оценка происходящего в этих условиях носят не рациональный, а эмоциональный и символический характер. Это наглядно проявилось в интеллектуальном наследии Г.Д. Гребенщикова.
Biography and intellectual heritage of G.D. Grebenshchikov are considered in the context of intellectual history research. The possibilities and limits of using this heritage in the interpretation of historical events of the period of civil confrontation in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century are shown, and their representativeness is also assessed. It is noted that the products of intellectual creativity of G.D. Grebenshchikov, being the result of active knowledge of the world and self-knowledge throughout his life, recording the growth of his personality, make it especially significant for scientific historical research. It is postulated that the value of the intellectual heritage of an inconspicuous personality is limited by the limits of the possibility of its self-expression. This is due to the low hierarchical status of such a person, his social and other dependence on many factors that have to be taken into account when expressing his social and personal position. The way of expressing one’s social position and the historical assessment of what is happening in these conditions is not rational, but emotional and symbolic. This is clearly manifested in the intellectual heritage of G.D. Grebenshchikov.
«Soft Violence» and «Totalitarian Democracy» the Imagination of «West» in Political Language of Eduard Limonov
Authors: Канаев А.А. 
Published: April 2024

Политический язык Эдуарда Лимонова и других представителей российской праворадикальной оппозиции в 1980–1990-е гг., изучен слабо. История идей этого писателя и политика представлена, в основном, пересказом политических программ, написанных им в рамках «Национал-Большевистской партии», и позиций по актуальным вопросам, часто с акцентом на «культурной» составляющей его деятельности. В статье дан анализ образа «Запада» в его политическом языке, выявлены специфические идиомы, связанные с его представлением о «Западе» и использованные в ходекритики «коллективного западника» во время Перестройки и ранних 1990-х.
Political language of Eduard Limonov, like the languages of other representatives of the Russian right-wing radical opposition in the 1980-1990s, is a poorly studied phenomenon. The history of the ideas of this writer and politician is presented mainly as a paraphrase of his political programs within the National Bolshevik Party and his positions on a few current issues, often with an emphasis on «cultural» side of his activity. The article concentrates on intellectual history of the image of the «West» in his political language, the analysis of specific idioms associated with his imagination of the «West» and used in the context of his polemics with the collective «Westernizer» during Perestroika and early 1990s.
The History of Ancient and Medieval Samarkand in the Views of Nicolaas Witsen
Authors: Маликов А.М. 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу сведений, собранных голландским ученым и политическим деятелем Н.Витсеном (1641–1717) о Самарканде – значительном культурном и научном центре Центральной Азии, что до сих пор не было предметом специального изучения. Исследованные материалы показывают разнообразие представлений о Самарканде и начало формирования определенных образов города в европейской науке к концу XVII века. Труд Н.Витсена является первым образцом синтеза различных источников по истории Центральной Азии, включая Самарканд, и ценен тем, что написан до формирования европейских «ориенталистских» стереотипов в отношении ислама и народов Центральной Азии.
The article is devoted to the analysis of information collected by the Dutch scholar and politician N. Witsen (1641–1717) about Samarkand, a significant cultural and scientific center of Central Asia, which has not been the subject of special study until now. The studied materials show a variety of ideas about Samarkand and the beginning of the formation of certain images of the city in European science by the end of the 17th century. The work of N. Witsen is the first example of a synthesis of various sources on the history of Central Asia, including Samarkand, and is valuable because it was written before the formation of European “orientalist” stereotypes regarding Islam and the peoples of Central Asia.
Post-Structuralist Textual Analysis of Historical Narrative
Authors: Каменев Е.В. 
Published: April 2024

В статье проанализированы теоретические аспекты применения постструктуралистского текстового анализа, предложенного Р. Бартом, в изучении историографии. Показано, что прямое заимствование постструктуралистских практик непродуктивно, поскольку они предполагают релятивизм в истолковании текста. Рассмотрена возможность ограничения подхода Барта структуралистским понятием кода, который следует искать в рамках культурной ситуации, хронологически соответствовавшей времени создания историографического источника. С учетом понятия кода применение постструктуралистского анализа позволяет получить информацию, представляющую интерес с точки зрения исторической науки.
The article analyzes the theoretical aspects of the application of post-structuralist textual analysis, proposed by R. Barth, in the study of historiography. It is shown that direct borrowing of post-structuralist practices is unproductive, since they imply relativism in the interpretation of the text. The possibility of restricting Barth's approach to the structuralist concept of code is considered. This code must be found within a cultural situation that chronologically corresponded to the time of the creation of the historiographical source. Taking into account the concept of code, the application of post-structural analysis makes it possible to obtain information that is of interest from the point of view of historical science.
Generalized charges, part I: Invertible symmetries and higher representations
Authors: Bhardwaj Lakshya , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura 
Published: April 2024

qq-charges describe the possible actions of a generalized symmetry on qq-dimensional operators. In Part I of this series of papers, we describe qq-charges for invertible symmetries; while the discussion of qq-charges for non-invertible symmetries is the topic of Part II. We argue that qq-charges of a standard global symmetry, also known as a 0-form symmetry, correspond to the so-called (q+1)(q+1)-representations of the 0-form symmetry group, which are natural higher-categorical generalizations of the standard notion of representations of a group. This generalizes already our understanding of possible charges under a 0-form symmetry! Just like local operators form representations of the 0-form symmetry group, higher-dimensional extended operators form higher-representations. This statement has a straightforward generalization to other invertible symmetries: qq-charges of higher-form and higher-group symmetries are (q+1)(q+1)-representations of the corresponding higher-groups. There is a natural extension to higher-charges of non-genuine operators (i.e. operators that are attached to higher-dimensional operators), which will be shown to be intertwiners of higher-representations. This brings into play the higher-categorical structure of higher-representations. We also discuss higher-charges of twisted sector operators (i.e. operators that appear at the boundary of topological operators of one dimension higher), including operators that appear at the boundary of condensation defects.
Perfil sociodemográfico e comportamental de pacientes com Covid-19 na região central do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Birrer Jucelaine Arend , Santos Gilberto Martins , Birrer Caroline Arend , Ozório Lisiane Alves , Calixto Roseri de Freitas , Lima Graziele Pires , Tavares Rudinei , Koglin Ivete Martins 
Published: April 2024

Identificar a população afetada pela Covid-19 é essencial para tomada de decisão quanto ao tratamento da patologia bem como de suas sequelas. Para isso, são necessários estudos que caracterizem os acometidos, a fim de promover ações de saúde que deem suporte à continuidade do cuidado e atendam as demandas advindas do processo de adoecimento causadas pelas sequelas da doença. Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico e comportamental dos usuários diagnosticados com Covid-19 em um hospital de alta complexidade da região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Método: trata-se de uma análise quantitativa, retrospectiva, de natureza descritiva, de prontuários de usuários com diagnóstico confirmado para Covid-19, internados no período de 2020 a 2022, totalizando vinte e seis meses. Resultados: Foram analisados 664 prontuários de pacientes, com predomínio de adultos e idosos. A maior incidência de pacientes internados foi da região central do RS, de nacionalidade brasileira, sexo masculino, raça branca, casados e com primeiro grau incompleto. Em relação a variável comportamento de risco, houve predomínio de não fumantes e não etilistas. Quanto ao hábito comportamental relacionado à imunização para Covid-19, na maioria dos prontuários não constava a informação se o paciente havia ou não realizado a vacina. Conclusão: este estudo indica e enfatiza a necessidade de políticas públicas que atendam às necessidades deste público – pacientes pós-Covid-19 –, dentre elas o monitoramento longitudinal, como estratégia de prevenção de novos agravos, e a promoção e educação em saúde, visando a qualidade de vida e assegurando a equidade do cuidado.
Exploring Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Andrographolide Derivatives: A
Review
Authors: Qadir Tanzeela , Shaikh Shoaib , Kanth Saadat A. , Singh Jyotika , Baby Maria , Sharma Praveen Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Andrographolide, derived from the plant Andrographis paniculata (AP), exhibits
a diverse range of biological activities, encompassing anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, antiinflammatory,
anti-obesity, anti-viral, anti-fibrotic, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory
properties. Notably, numerous analogues of andrographolide have been synthesized, incorporating
significant chemical structural modifications to enhance bioavailability and druggability.
A comprehensive exploration into their molecular and cellular mechanisms of action
has also been undertaken, enriching our understanding. The investigation highlights the
potential of related terpenoid analogues from Andrographis paniculata, beyond the diterpene
lactone andrographolide, to hold promise in disease treatment due to structural similarities
and diverse pharmacological effects. This review offers insights into the anticipated
synthesis and therapeutic applications of andrographolide derivatives across a spectrum of disorders.
Genomics in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A 2024 Update
Authors: Roumeliotis Stefanos , Divani Maria , Stamellou Eleni , Liakopoulos Vassilios 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) remains the leading cause of Chronic and End Stage
Kidney Disease (ESKD) worldwide, with an increasing epidemiological burden. However, still, the
disease awareness remains low, early diagnosis is difficult, and therapeutic management is ineffective.
These might be attributed to the fact that DKD is a highly heterogeneous disease, with disparities
and variability in clinical presentation and progression patterns. Besides environmental risk factors,
genetic studies have emerged as a novel and promising tool in the field of DKD. Three decades
ago, family studies first reported that inherited genetic factors might confer significant risk to DKD
development and progression. During the past decade, genome-wide association studies (GWASs)
screening the whole genome in large and multi-ethnic population-based cohorts identified genetic
risk variants associated with traits defining DKD in both type 1 and 2 diabetes. Herein, we aim to
summarize the existing data regarding the progress in the field of genomics in DKD, present how
the revolution of GWAS expanded our understanding of pathophysiologic disease mechanisms and
finally, suggest potential future directions.
Neuroprotective Efficacy of Phytoconstituents of Methanolic Shoots Extract of Calligonum polygonoides L. in Hypercholesterolemia-associated Neurodegenerations
Authors: Sakarwal Anita , Sen Karishma , Ram Heera , Chowdhury Suman , Kashyap Priya , Shukla Sunil Dutt , Panwar Anil 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Small molecule phytocompounds can potentially ameliorate degenerative
changes in cerebral tissues. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective
efficacy of phytocompounds of methanolic shoots extract of Calligonum polygonoides L.
(MSECP) in hypercholesterolemia-associated neurodegenerations.

Methods:
Phytochemical screening of the extract was made by LCMS/MS and validated by a
repository of the chemical library. The hypercholesterolemia was induced through the intraperitoneal
administration of poloxamer-407 with a high-fat diet. The in-silico assessments were accomplished
by following the molecular docking, ADME and molecular dynamics. MMPBSA
and PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analyzed the molecular dynamics simulations. Consequently,
in-vivo studies were examined by lipid metabolism, free radical scavenging capabilities
and histopathology of brain tissues (cortex and hippocampus).

Results:
22 leading phytocompounds were exhibited in the test extract, as revealed by LCMS/
MS scrutiny. Molecular docking evaluated significant interactions of apigenin triacetate
with target proteins (HMGCR (HMG-CoA reductase), (AChE-Acetylcholinesterase) and
(BuChE- Butyrylcholinesterase). Molecular dynamics examined the interactions through assessments
of the radius of gyration, RSMD, RSMF and SASA at 100 ns, which were further
analyzed by MMPBSA (Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann) and PCA (Principal Component
Analysis). Accordingly, the treatment of test extract caused significant alterations in lipid
profile, dyslipidemia indices, antioxidant levels and histopathology of brain tissues.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that apigenin triacetate is a potent phytoconstituent of MSEPC
and can interact with HMGCR, AChE, and BuChE, which resulted in improved hypercholesterolemia
along with neuroprotective ameliorations in the cortex and hippocampus.
AI Quality Standards in Health Care: Rapid Umbrella Review
Authors: Kuziemsky Craig E , Chrimes Dillon , Minshall Simon , Mannerow Michael , Lau Francis 
Published: April 2024

Background
In recent years, there has been an upwelling of artificial intelligence (AI) studies in the health care literature. During this period, there has been an increasing number of proposed standards to evaluate the quality of health care AI studies.

Objective
This rapid umbrella review examines the use of AI quality standards in a sample of health care AI systematic review articles published over a 36-month period.

Methods
We used a modified version of the Joanna Briggs Institute umbrella review method. Our rapid approach was informed by the practical guide by Tricco and colleagues for conducting rapid reviews. Our search was focused on the MEDLINE database supplemented with Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were English-language systematic reviews regardless of review type, with mention of AI and health in the abstract, published during a 36-month period. For the synthesis, we summarized the AI quality standards used and issues noted in these reviews drawing on a set of published health care AI standards, harmonized the terms used, and offered guidance to improve the quality of future health care AI studies.

Results
We selected 33 review articles published between 2020 and 2022 in our synthesis. The reviews covered a wide range of objectives, topics, settings, designs, and results. Over 60 AI approaches across different domains were identified with varying levels of detail spanning different AI life cycle stages, making comparisons difficult. Health care AI quality standards were applied in only 39% (13/33) of the reviews and in 14% (25/178) of the original studies from the reviews examined, mostly to appraise their methodological or reporting quality. Only a handful mentioned the transparency, explainability, trustworthiness, ethics, and privacy aspects. A total of 23 AI quality standard–related issues were identified in the reviews. There was a recognized need to standardize the planning, conduct, and reporting of health care AI studies and address their broader societal, ethical, and regulatory implications.

Conclusions
Despite the growing number of AI standards to assess the quality of health care AI studies, they are seldom applied in practice. With increasing desire to adopt AI in different health topics, domains, and settings, practitioners and researchers must stay abreast of and adapt to the evolving landscape of health care AI quality standards and apply these standards to improve the quality of their AI studies.