bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Damage by Cerambycid Wood Borers on Biochemical Properties of Grapevine.
Authors: ND Sunitha , Costa Remedia Presca D , S Chinmayi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vitis vinifera being a perennial vine, is ravaged by various categories of insect pests. In the recent past the cerambycid wood borer Stromatium barnatum F. is emerging as a most destructive pest along with already long persisting another species of cerambycid wood borer Celosterna scabrator F. resulting in huge losses. Investigations on “Impact of damage by cerambycid wood borers, on biochemical properties of grapevine” were carried out during 2021–2022. Field experiments were carried out in grape orchards of Vijayapura District (Karnataka: India), and laboratory analytical experiments on the various biochemical parameters associated with grape berries and leaves were conducted at Biochem Research and testing laboratory, Incubatee, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka: India). Results revealed that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, total carotenoids from leaves, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, total phenols and anthocyanins from berries were decreased in wood borer affected vines when compared to borer free vines. Accumulation of total tannins was recorded in wood borer affected vines from both the species when compared to borer free vines. Berries from C. scabrator infested vines recorded mean total tannins of 8.18 ± 0.09 mg CE/100g. Similarly, increase in tannin content was seen in berries derived from S. barbatum infested vines with a mean value of 7.95 ± 0.10 mg CE/100g. Berries from borer free vines had lower total tannin content of 5.55 ± 0.12mgCE/100g. The study provided knowledge about effect of wood borers on the qualitative losses of grapevine in terms of changes in biochemical properties of both leaves and berries.
Smartphone usage and its associated behaviours among undergraduate medical students in Pakistan
Authors: Naeem Noor-i-Kiran , Naeem Zil-e-Fatima , Anwar Asfand Yar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives of the Study
The widespread availability of the Internet through smartphones has increased the excessive use of mobile devices. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of behaviours associated with smartphone usage among ABWA Medical College, Pakistan medical students.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was used for the research in ABWA Medical College, Pakistan After the approval by the institution IRB, the study was completed in 6 months. The sample size of the present study was 270 for the selection of sample and a purposive sampling technique was used to invite undergraduate medical students from all the five MBBS years to fill the validated Smartphone addiction survey( SAS) via online Google form after taking informed consent.The data was analysed through SPSS version 25.0,
Results
Of the 270 invited medical students, 264 medical students returned the form making a turnover rate of 97.7%. The primary smartphone uses were information storage, communication education and entertainment, with no statistical gender-based difference. Identified behaviors associated with smartphone usage included daily life disturbance, overuse, withdrawal, cyberspace-oriented relations, and tolerance. The ANOVA test showed significant differences in cyberspace-oriented relations.The study retained the null hypothesis for daily life disturbance, overuse, withdrawal, and tolerance but accepted it for cyberspace-oriented relations.
Conclusion
This study contributes valuable insights into the smartphone usage patterns and associated behaviors among ABWA Medical College, Pakistan medical students. The results can serve as a foundation for developing targeted interventions to promote healthy smartphone habits and enhance the educational experiences of medical students in the digital age.
A Comparison of Operating Room Toric Placement Tools: CALLISTO Eye vs. Wavetec AnalyzOR (CORTCO)
Authors: Scott Maria C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: To evaluate procedure times for two cataract planning systems (ZEISS CALLISTO eye and the Wavetec AnalyzOR) in predicting residual astigmatism (prediction error) and other visual outcomes in patients with corneal astigmatism (maximum allowable up to 3.0D) at postoperative month 1.
Methods
This was a prospective, single center, parallel treatment group, bilateral and unilateral, randomized, 1-month study on patients scheduled to undergo routine, small-incision cataract surgery with a toric intraocular lens implantation. Both groups underwent preop measurements with the IOLMaster 700 (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and surgery with the LenSx device (Alcon). Lens selection in the CALLISTO eye group was based on Zeiss VERACITY Surgery Planner (a web-based tool) and on the Wavetec AnalyzOR component of the ORA system (a real-time intraoperative aberrometer) for those eyes in the ORA group. All procedure and intraoperative times were measured with a stopwatch. Postoperative visual outcomes were evaluated between 1 and 2 months after surgery.
Results
There were 23 eyes in the CALLISTO group and 28 eyes in the ORA group. The mean surgical time for the CALLISTO group was 28.09±1.72 minutes compared to 34.41±1.52 minutes for the ORA group (P=0.01). Toric lens placement mean time in the CALLISTO group was 2.47±0.34 minutes compared to 3.88±0.29 minutes in the ORA group (P=0.0034). At month 1 postoperatively, the manifest refractive spherical error (MRSE) in the CALLISTO eye group 0.022±0.388 compared to -0.174±0.322 in the ORA group; these were not statistically different. There was a higher percentage (75%) of eyes with an MRSE within 0.25D in the ORA group compared to the CALLISTO eye group (56.5%); at all other levels outcomes were numerically higher in the CALLISTO eye group.
Conclusions
Less surgical time was needed when using the CALLISTO eye than the ORA when performing cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. There were similar visual outcomes between the groups and no statistical differences.
Thermal, electrical, optical, and antimicrobial studies of PANI/Ag nanocomposites synthesized by polymerization of aniline on γ-irradiated and PVP-capped Ag colloid
Authors: Morsi Samir M.M. , Mohsen Rajia , El-Sherif Hazem , Deghiedy Noha , Ghoneim Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A simple and new way was used to modify the thermal, electrical, optical, and antimicrobial properties of conductive polyaniline by embedding a nanosized metallic material in the polymeric matrix. The sequence of fabrication was as follows: first, preparing a silver colloid by gamma-irradiating the precursor and then, aniline monomer was polymerized in the colloid using different molarities of the dopant and the silver itself. The mentioned properties of Ag colloid and the conductive polymer / Ag nanocomposites (NCs) were studied using TGA, electrical measurements, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, SEM, DLS, SAED, and EDX. The particle size distribution of the Ag colloid is ranged from 7 to 17 nm. The results showed an increase in the D.C conductivity of NCs thin films with increasing of dopant. All the prepared NCs exhibited medium to high antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaching the maximum efficiency at PANI: Ag: dopant molar ratio of 1:1:0.83. Also, an electrostatic interaction has been generated between the conductive PANI chains and the free electrons around Ag NPs leading to a conjugating electron cloud in the produced NCs. This electronic behavior facilitates the use of the prepared NCs as supercapacitors, sensors, photocatalysts, or antibacterial materials.
Deciphering the G x E interaction involved in milling quality of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) derived from interspecific hybridization
Authors: HK Mahadeva Swamy , Amaresh Amaresh , GC Bajpai , Singh Anupama , Nunavath Aswini , K Gopalareddy , RT Maruthi , V Sreenivasa , KR Yathish , Behera Chandana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

An important pulse crop, pigeon pea is primarily grown in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide and is a rich source of protein and dietary fibre. In India, about 80% of the pulses produced are eaten as dhal (dehusked splits), recovery of dhal plays a major role in the pulse milling industry and it increases when pulse grains are pre-treated to loosen the husk before milling. Since quality traits are highly influenced by the environment, to select stable genotypes for yield and quality traits, multi-environment trials (MET) must be carried out to study genotype × environment interaction (GEI). In the current study, seeds from inter-specific crosses derived lines involving wild species (Cajanus scarabaeoides, Cajanus acutifolius and Cajanus cajanifolius) and cultivated parental lines (ICPL 84023, Pant A134, and UPAS120) were examined for three years with pre-milling treatment and without pre milling treatment for dhal yield and hulling efficiency. The combined ANOVA revealed the existence of ample variation for all the milling quality traits among the lines derived from interspecific hybridization. The gain hardness showed a positive and significant association with the dhal yield and hulling efficiency. The AMMI and GGE analysis was employed to identify the stable genotype among the interspecific lines for dhal yield and hulling efficiency. The AMMI revealed the presence of significant G x E interaction for the milling traits. GGE grouped the pre-milling treated environment into a mega environment and distinguished it from pre-milling untreated environments. The genotypes derived from Cajanus scarabaeoides were found better under untreated environments while C. cajanifolius derived lines were found best under a pre-milling treated environment. The genotype G12 derived from the UPAS120 x C. cajanifolius was found most stable genotype with high dhal yield and hulling efficiency based on AMMI, GSI, ASV and GGE analysis.
Quantifying the fraction of precipitation transformed into terrestrial water storage in global river basins
Authors: Wang Lizhe , Zhong Yulong , Tian Baoming , Kim Hyunglok , Yuan Xing , Liu Xinyue , Zhu Enda , Wu Yunlong , Wang Lunche 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The crucial role of precipitation (P) as a primary driver for terrestrial water cycle is well-established. However, quantifying the transformation of daily P into terrestrial water storage (TWS) remains a challenge. We address this by introducing a novel metric, DFP−TWS (average daily fraction of P transformed into TWS), providing an important insight into the dynamics of water storage by utilizing data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites and their follow-on mission, GRACE-FO. This study marks a significant advancement in our understanding of the hydrological cycle by quantifying the average daily fraction of P transformed into TWS globally, revealing that approximately 64% of land P contributes to TWS, with significant variations observed across different climatic and geographical regions. Our findings, underpinned by the enhanced statistical reconstruction method and satellite geodesy observations, deepen our perception into the complex interactions between P, land surface processes, and climate change, offering valuable implications for future water resource management and hydrological modelling.
WITHDRAWN: The ability of Lupine plant extract to adhere to copper surfaces in sulphamic acid and prevent corrosion
Authors: Alatawi Raedah A.S. , Keshk Ali A. , Alhawiti Aliyah S. , Bukhari Abeer Abdulaziz H. , Alatawi Omar M. , Elsayed Nadia H. , Al-Rasheed Hessa H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Sustainable Biomass-based Filter for High-efficiency PM 0.3 Filtration
Authors: Han Guangping , Wang Qingxaing , Niu Zhaoxuan , Cheng Wanli , Yang Ming , Yan Jie , Lu Jiqing , Yu Haijiao , Yue Yiying , Wei Yen , Wang Dong , Zhang Shichao , Ding Bin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Low-value biomass materials recently can be widely used in various important industry to achieve a carbon-neutral sustainable society. To transform low-value agricultural wastes into structural materials, here we show a heterogeneous corn-based precursor technique, to self-assemble two-dimensional fabrics consisted of alternating fibers with micro- and nano-architectures. The unique solute-solvent system involves zein protein, combined with cellulose extracted from corn straw, to achieve the greenness of the production, fabrication and filtration. Manipulation of the ambient humidity and addition of the cellulose nanofibers enable a novel incomplete nonsolvent-induced phase separation, leading to a corn-based degradable and disposable sanitary filter with dual-network structure which exceeds that of typical or commercial filters. Moreover, the mechanism of full-structure filtration for particulate pollutant as well as excellent adsorption for formaldehyde is demonstrated, providing a promising pathway to green and sustainability for biomass waste.
Neck Pain in University Students and Electronic Devices Use
Authors: Aziz Zekra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background As more people now use electronic devices daily without taking care of the time or correct posture during use, this study investigated the association between neck pain and the duration of electronic device use, considering the position in which devices are used.Methods A total of 201 university students participated in the study and were investigated for using electronic devices through a designed questionnaire.Results There were statistically significant relationships (mobile, computer, and tablet) according to the P value, which was less than 0.05.Conclusion We concluded that electronic devices are significantly associated with neck pain in university students.
The combination of IFNα2b/5-FU inhibits proliferation and cell cycle of tumor cells in treating Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
Authors: Wu Zong-Bo , Wang Gong-Yue , Wang Bei , Peng Xi , Wang Jia-Song , Zhang Ming-Chang , Wen Geng , Xie Hua-Tao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia（OSSN）is the non-pigmented ocular surface malignancy presented as prominent vascularity, severe irritation and vision loss. Topical chemotherapy with IFNα2b and 5-FU has been widely recognized as effective supplements. The cooperative effect of IFNα2b and 5-FU on OSSN is theoretically based on the regulation of IFNα2b on key enzymes in DNA damage mediated by 5-FU. This study explores the underlying effects and related combination mechanisms of IFNα2b and 5-FU on proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and cell cycle of human oral squamous carcinoma Cal27 cell line. Cal27 cell lines were treated with different concentrations of IFNα2b and 5-FU alone or in combination for 48 hours. Then cell activity, tumor cell migration, the combination index (CI value), apoptosis and the expression of key enzymes TP, TS and DPD of 5-FU were detected. These results suggest both IFNα2b and 5-FU alone and in combination can inhibit the proliferation and migration of Cal27 tumor cells, induce cell apoptosis, and arrest cell cycle. Low doses IFNα2b increase the antitumor effect of 5-FU on Cal27 potentially through up-regulating the expression of TP.
Prediction of the ENSO using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) supervised learning from other ocean indices
Authors: Maishal Subhadeep , Sadhukhan Biplab 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a cyclical global climate phenomenon that frequently results in global climatic anomalies and has significant effects on the economy and society. Thus, forecasting and studying ENSO events is crucial to comprehending and resolving concerns related to global climate change. It is highly significant both practically and scientifically. Numerical modeling techniques and conventional statistical analysis were the primary tools employed in earlier ENSO research. To increase the prediction accuracy of ENSO, this study investigates the application of deep learning. The meteorological and marine time data were processed using recurrent neural networks (RNN) with long- and short-term memory (LSTM). The work takes into account LSTM for predicting multifactor-related ENSO episodes and employs several climate indices as input characteristics. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of LSTM in predicting ENSO episodes, as well as its potential scientific and practical applications. Over 100 epochs, the LSTM model showed consistent improvement with declining training and validation loss. Its mean squared error (MSE) for training was 0.0954 and 0.0862 for testing, indicating strong generalization. Mean absolute error (MAE) remained stable at 0.2255 for training and 0.2198 for testing, affirming its robustness. Visual analysis revealed close alignment between predicted and actual MEI values, highlighting its ability to capture ENSO dynamics' complexities.
Deep and shallow feature fusion framework for remote sensing open pit coal mine scene recognition
Authors: liu yang , zhang jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Grasping the situation of land use and damage in the open-pit coal mining area is of great significance to the scientific supervision and management of the area. In the existing recognition methods, the traditional features rely on manual design and the ability to express features is weak, while the deep learning methods rely too much on samples. In order to overcome the above limitations, this paper proposes a three-branch feature extraction framework that fuses deep features (DF) and shallow features (SF). Deep features mainly include two modules: key feature extraction module and contextual feature extraction module. The key feature extraction module consists of multi-level feature extraction and an attention mechanism that highlights shallow information. The new attention mechanism captures the relationship between neighboring features and adds key information from the highlighted shallow features to the final feature layer. The contextual feature extraction module introduces the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) model to effectively reveal the correlation between the local information of the scene to obtain finer features. The shallow features are extracted by Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) to characterize the local variations of the texture, and Gabor to characterize the overall texture variations. The two kinds of features are fused and input into the particle swarm algorithm optimized support vector machine (PSO-SVM) for scene classification and recognition of remote sensing(RS) images. The method was experimented on the AID dataset and RSSCN7 dataset and the experimental results showed that the method outperforms other models.
Exploring the Causes and Effects of Elbow Dislocation: An Ex-Vivo Experimental Investigation Using Papio Anubis Baboon and Human Cadaver Models
Authors: Kork Samer Al , Youssef Karim , Said Sherif , Beyrouthy Taha , Karar Abdullah , Amirouche Farid , Abraham Edward 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper aims to explore various methodologies employed in investigating elbow dislocation, focusing on its causes and effects.Reconstructing the fall is one of the most challenging problems in bio-mechanics. The dislocation is evaluated about different loads and moments applied to the radius-ulna when the arm is flexed and positioned in either supination or pronation. The experimental study of over 70 baboons and 21 human cadaver arms supported our hypothesis for the observed early stages of dislocation. The experiments reveal that the retention of sufficient bony and soft tissue allows for achieving elbow stability through various repair mechanisms. The results of multiple experiments involving flexion, pronation, and supination consistently reveal that the ligaments remain undamaged. Even though it is challenging experimentally, achieving a perfect dislocation typically involves the posterior displacement of the radial head after the ligaments have incurred partial tears. Notably, experimental evidence suggests that the radial head can serve as a stabilizing factor in cases of elbow dislocation, often leading to bony failure, including fractures of the coronoid process and/or anterior radial head.
Study on the relationship between oxidative stress gene and sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) based on ceRNA network
Authors: Li Chaozhong , Wang Fang , Liu Xiaoqing , Wang Luqiao , Ye Yujia , Yang Dexing , Liang Bo , Huang Yun , Tang Wenzhi , Qian Chuanyun , Wu Haiying , Li Wanrong , Meng Zhaohui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is a kind of cardiac dysfunction caused by severe sepsis, which increases the risk of heart failure and death. The molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis is still unclear. It is reported that oxidative stress is one of the main pathophysiological manifestations of SIC, suggesting that oxidative stress genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury in SIC. Therefore, we discussed the relationship between oxidative stress gene and the pathogenesis of SIC, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis or treatment of SIC. Through bioinformatics analysis, we mined the transcriptome sequencing data and expression profile chip data of SIC samples, screened out the differentially expressed long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), miRNA and mRNA, constructed a lncRNA- mRNA- miRNA ceRNA regulatory network, obtained 60 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) from the ceRNA network, and constructed a random forest classifier to verify its reliability as marker genes of SIC. Further exploration showed that five oxidative stress genes appeared in 60 DEmRNA gene sets, namely Ybx3, Ptpn2, Stk11, Tfdp2 and Mafk, which were also significant in identifying SIC and control samples. At the same time, all kinds of human heart tissue samples with myocardial injury can be significantly clustered and separated by the expression levels of five genes. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these five genes were mainly involved in myocardial injury through oxidative stress-related inflammatory reactions, suggested that these five oxidative stress genes are potential markers for diagnosis or treatment of SIC on the basis of further experimental verification.
DNA Origami Drives Gene Expression in a Human Cell Culture System
Authors: Oh Chang Yong , Kaur Haninder , Tuteja Geetu , Henderson Eric R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Self-assembling DNA nanoparticles have the potential to significantly advance the targeted delivery of molecular cargo owing to their chemical and architectural flexibility. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the genetic code embedded in DNA nanoparticles produced by the method of DNA origami or related techniques can be recognized and copied by RNA polymerase in vitro. Further, sculpted DNA nanoparticles can serve as a substrate for Cas9-mediated gene modification and gene expression in cell culture. In the present study, we further investigate the ability of DNA origami nanoparticles to be expressed in a human cell line with emphasis on the impact of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) domains and the contributions of the architectural disposition of genetic control elements, namely promoter and enhancer sequences. Our findings suggest that while cells possess the remarkable capability to express genes within highly folded architectures, the presence and relative density and location of ssDNA domains appears to influence overall levels of gene expression. These results suggest that it may be possible to nuance folded DNA nanoparticle architecture to regulate the rate and/or level of gene expression. Considering the highly malleable architecture and chemistry of self-assembling DNA nanoparticles, these findings motivate further exploration of their potential as an economic nanotechnology platform for targeted gene editing, nucleic acid-based vaccines, and related biotherapeutic applications.