bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing Into Ozone Production Through Photochemistry of Organic Peroxyl Radicals: Implications for Source Control
Authors: Liang Weiqing , Yu Haofei , Xu Han , Wang Zhenyu , Li Tiantian , Feng Yinchang , Russell Armistead , Shi Guoliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOzone (O3) pollution is a focus of the international community due to its health and environmental impacts. Organic peroxyl (RO2) radicals play a significant role in O3 initiation processes, which has implications for O3 mitigation. RO2 generated from volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sources contribute substantially to O3 formation. However, quantifying the RO2 from diverse sources is a great challenge. For the first time, we proposed a new hybrid Receptor‐Kinetic model to quantify sources contributions to RO2 from the perspective of molecular level and functional groups of VOCs. We revealed that 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐butylperoxy (BUT2OLO2), 4‐Hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐1‐butene‐3‐ylperoxy (ISOPBO2) and 1‐Hydroxypropane‐2‐ylperoxy (HYPROPO2) radicals were the dominant RO2, which were driven by reactions of cis/trans‐2‐butene (from Biogenic Emissions and Solvent Usage), isoprene (from Biogenic Emissions), and propylene (from Liquid Petroleum Gas Evaporation), respectively. The three dominant RO2 radicals contributed significantly to O3 production (28%, 10% and 14%), comparing with other 16 RO2. Sensitivity studies indicated that O3 production can be decreased effectively by reducing the dominant RO2 species for each source. Quantitative evidence suggested that targeting dominant RO2 sources can be a novel direction for O3 control.
A complex interplay of intra- and extracellular factors regulates the outcome of fetal- and adult-derived MLL-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Jassinskaja Maria , Ghosh Sudip , Watral Joanna , Davoudi Mina , Claesson Stern Melina , Daher Ugarit , Eldeeb Mohamed , Zhang Qinyu , Bryder David , Hansson Jenny 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInfant and adult MLL1/KMT2A-rearranged (MLLr) leukemia represents a disease with a dismal prognosis. Here, we present a functional and proteomic characterization of in utero-initiated and adult-onset MLLr leukemia. We reveal that fetal MLL::ENL-expressing lymphomyeloid multipotent progenitors (LMPPs) are intrinsically programmed towards a lymphoid fate but give rise to myeloid leukemia in vivo, highlighting a complex interplay of intra- and extracellular factors in determining disease subtype. We characterize early proteomic events of MLL::ENL-mediated transformation in fetal and adult blood progenitors and reveal that whereas adult pre-leukemic cells are mainly characterized by retained myeloid features and downregulation of ribosomal and metabolic proteins, expression of MLL::ENL in fetal LMPPs leads to enrichment of translation-associated and histone deacetylases signaling proteins, and decreased expression of inflammation and myeloid differentiation proteins. Integrating the proteome of pre-leukemic cells with their secretome and the proteomic composition of the extracellular environment of normal progenitors highlights differential regulation of Igf2 bioavailability, as well as of VLA-4 dimer and its ligandome, upon initiation of fetal- and adult-origin leukemia, with implications for human MLLr leukemia cells’ ability to communicate with their environment through granule proteins. Our study has uncovered opportunities for targeting ontogeny-specific proteomic vulnerabilities in in utero-initiated and adult-onset MLLr leukemia.
Has telemedicine come to fruition? Parents’ and pediatricians’ perceptions and preferences regarding telemedicine
Authors: Bajwa Nadia M. , Perron Noelle Junod , Braillard Olivia , Achab Sophia , Hudelson Patricia , Dao Melissa Dominicé , Lüchinger Robin , Mazouri-Karker Sanae 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Telemedicine has increasingly become a viable option for patient care and may increase access to care. The aim of our study was to evaluate both parent and pediatrician perceptions, preferences, and acceptability regarding the use of different telemedicine modalities.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of both parents and pediatricians in Geneva, Switzerland in 2021. The questionnaire focused on digital literacy, preferences, acceptability, advantages, and disadvantages regarding telemedicine (phone, email, video, and instant message). Descriptive statistics and comparisons of preferences and perceptions (Pearson Chi2 and logistic regression) were performed.

Results
Two hundred and twenty-two parents and 45 pediatricians participated. After face-to-face consultations, parents and pediatricians preferred the phone for simple medical advice, discussion of parameters, acute or chronic problems, and psychological support. Email was preferred for communication of results and prescription renewal. Main reasons for using telemedicine were avoiding travel and saving time. Disadvantages were lack of physical examination, technical problems, and unsuitability of the reason for consultation.

Conclusions
Understanding the factors that influence acceptance and satisfaction with telemedicine is vital for its successful implementation. Convenience, quality of care, trust, strong pediatrician–parent relationships, technical reliability, user-friendliness, and privacy considerations play significant roles in shaping parent and pediatrician attitudes toward telemedicine.

Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic spurred the expansion of the use of telemedicine in pediatric care. Few studies have addressed parent and pediatrician perceptions and preferences regarding telemedicine.

Both parents and pediatricians consider certain telemedicine modalities (phone, email, video, and instant message) pertinent in only specific clinical situations.

Advantages of telemedicine outweigh disadvantages with parents and pediatricians appreciating the increased access to care, time savings, and avoiding transport. However, the lack of a physical examination remains a significant disadvantage.

Convenience, quality of care, trust, strong pediatrician–parent relationship, technical reliability, user-friendliness, and privacy considerations play significant roles in shaping attitudes towards telemedicine.
PQR309, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, synergizes with gemcitabine by impairing the GSK-3β and STAT3/HSP60 signaling pathways to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Cao Jiaxin , Zeng Kangmei , Chen Qun , Yang Ting , Lu Feiteng , Lin Chaozhuo , Zhan Jianhua , Ma Wenjuan , Zhou Ting , Huang Yan , Luo Fan , Zhao Hongyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnd-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has unsatisfactory survival. The limited benefit of chemotherapy and the scarcity of targeted drugs are major challenges in NPC. New approaches to treat late-stage NPC are urgently required. In this study, we explored whether the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PQR309, exerted a favorable antineoplastic effect and sensitized the response to gemcitabine in NPC. We observed that PI3K expression was positive and elevated in 14 NPC cell lines compared with that in normal nasopharygeal cell lines. Patients with NPC with higher PI3K levels displayed poorer prognosis. We subsequently showed that PQR309 alone effectively decreased the viability, invasiveness, and migratory capability of NPC cells and neoplasm development in mice xenograft models, and dose-dependently induced apoptosis. More importantly, PQR309 remarkably strengthened the anti-NPC function of gemcitabine both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, PQR309 sensitized NPC to gemcitabine by increasing caspase pathway-dependent apoptosis, blocking GSK-3β and STAT3/HSP60 signaling, and ablating epithelial-mesenchyme transition. Thus, targeting PI3K/mTOR using PQR309 might represent a treatment option to promote the response to gemcitabine in NPC, and provides a theoretical foundation for the study of targeted drugs combined with chemotherapy for NPC.
Alignment of brain embeddings and artificial contextual embeddings in natural language points to common geometric patterns
Authors: Goldstein Ariel , Grinstein-Dabush Avigail , Schain Mariano , Wang Haocheng , Hong Zhuoqiao , Aubrey Bobbi , Nastase Samuel A. , Zada Zaid , Ham Eric , Feder Amir , Gazula Harshvardhan , Buchnik Eliav , Doyle Werner , Devore Sasha , Dugan Patricia , Reichart Roi , Friedman Daniel , Brenner Michael , Hassidim Avinatan , Devinsky Orrin , Flinker Adeen , Hasson Uri 
Published: March 2024

AbstractContextual embeddings, derived from deep language models (DLMs), provide a continuous vectorial representation of language. This embedding space differs fundamentally from the symbolic representations posited by traditional psycholinguistics. We hypothesize that language areas in the human brain, similar to DLMs, rely on a continuous embedding space to represent language. To test this hypothesis, we densely record the neural activity patterns in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) of three participants using dense intracranial arrays while they listened to a 30-minute podcast. From these fine-grained spatiotemporal neural recordings, we derive a continuous vectorial representation for each word (i.e., a brain embedding) in each patient. Using stringent zero-shot mapping we demonstrate that brain embeddings in the IFG and the DLM contextual embedding space have common geometric patterns. The common geometric patterns allow us to predict the brain embedding in IFG of a given left-out word based solely on its geometrical relationship to other non-overlapping words in the podcast. Furthermore, we show that contextual embeddings capture the geometry of IFG embeddings better than static word embeddings. The continuous brain embedding space exposes a vector-based neural code for natural language processing in the human brain.
Recent autumn sea ice loss in the eastern Arctic enhanced by summer Asian-Pacific Oscillation
Authors: Zhou Botao , Song Ziyi , Yin Zhicong , Xu Xinping , Sun Bo , Hsu Pangchi , Chen Haishan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent rapid Arctic sea ice loss was documented as combined results from anthropogenic forcing and climate system internal variability. However, the role of internal variability is not well understood. Here, we propose that the Asian-Pacific Oscillation (APO), an intrinsic atmospheric mode featuring out-of-phase variations in upper-tropospheric temperatures between Asia and the North Pacific, is one driver for autumn sea ice variability in the eastern Arctic. The positive summer APO favors warming of the mid-latitude North Atlantic sea surface temperatures. This warming persists to autumn and in turn triggers strong anticyclonic anomalies over the Barents-Kara-Laptev Seas and weak lower-tropospheric cyclonic anomalies over the East Siberian Sea, enhancing moisture transport into the eastern Arctic. Such changes consequently increase lower-tropospheric humidity, downwelling longwave radiation, and surface air temperature in the eastern Arctic, thereby melting sea ice. Hence, a recent tendency of the summer APO towards the positive phase accelerates autumn sea ice loss in the eastern Arctic.
Supramolecular polynuclear clusters sustained cubic hydrogen bonded frameworks with octahedral cages for reversible photochromism
Authors: Ding Xiaojun , Chen Jing , Ye Gang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping supramolecular porous crystalline frameworks with tailor-made architectures from advanced secondary building units (SBUs) remains a pivotal challenge in reticular chemistry. Particularly for hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), construction of geometrical cavities through secondary units has been rarely achieved. Herein, a body-centered cubic HOF (TCA_NH4) with octahedral cages was constructed by a C3-symmetric building block and NH4+ node-assembled cluster (NH4)4(COOH)8(H2O)2 that served as supramolecular secondary building units (SSBUs), akin to the polynuclear SBUs in reticular chemistry. Specifically, the octahedral cages could encapsulate four homogenous haloforms including CHCl3, CHBr3, and CHI3 with truncated octahedron configuration. Crystallographic evidence revealed the cages served as spatially-confined nanoreactors, enabling fast, broadband photochromic effect associated with the reversible photo/thermal transformation between encapsulated CHI3 and I2. Overall, this work provides a strategy by shaping SSBUs to expand the framework topology of HOFs and a prototype of hydrogen-bonded nanoreactors to accommodate reversible photochromic reactions.
Stereoselective assembly of C-oligosaccharides via modular difunctionalization of glycals
Authors: Ding Ya-Nan , Xu Mei-Ze , Huang Yan-Chong , Ackermann Lutz , Kong Xiangtao , Liu Xue-Yuan , Liang Yong-Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractC-oligosaccharides are found in natural products and drug molecules. Despite the considerable progress made during the last decades, modular and stereoselective synthesis of C-oligosaccharides continues to be challenging and underdeveloped compared to the synthesis technology of O-oligosaccharides. Herein, we design a distinct strategy for the stereoselective and efficient synthesis of C-oligosaccharides via palladium-catalyzed nondirected C1–H glycosylation/C2-alkenylation, cyanation, and alkynylation of 2-iodoglycals with glycosyl chloride donors while realizing the difunctionalization of 2-iodoglycals. The catalysis approach tolerates various functional groups, including derivatives of marketed drugs and natural products. Notably, the obtained C-oligosaccharides can be further transformed into various C-glycosides while fully conserving the stereochemistry. The results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations support oxidative addition mechanism of alkenyl-norbornyl-palladacycle (ANP) intermediate with α-mannofuranose chloride and the high stereoselectivity of glycosylation is due to steric hindrance.
Tailoring coordination environments of single-atom electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution by topological heteroatom transfer
Authors: Qian Sheng , Xu Feng , Fan Yu , Cheng Ningyan , Xue Huaiguo , Yuan Ye , Gautier Romain , Jiang Tengfei , Tian Jingqi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rational design of carbon-supported transition-metal single-atom catalysts requires the precise arrangement of heteroatoms within the single-atom catalysts. However, achieving this design is challenging due to the collapse of the structure during the pyrolysis. Here, we introduce a topological heteroatom-transfer strategy to prevent the collapse and accurately control the P coordination in carbon-supported single-atom catalysts. As an illustration, we have prepared self-assembled helical fibers with encapsulated cavities. Within these cavities, adjustable functional groups can chelate metal ions (Nx···Mn+···Oy), facilitating the preservation of the structure during the pyrolysis based phosphidation. This process allows for the transfer of heteroatoms from the assembly into single-atom catalysts, resulting in the precise coordination tailoring. Notably, the Co–P2N2–C catalyst exhibits electrocatalytic performance as a non-noble metal single-atom catalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution, attaining a current density of 100 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of only 131 mV.
Dynamical evolution of CO2 and H2O on garnet electrolyte elucidated by ambient pressure X-ray spectroscopies
Authors: Zhang Nian , Ren Guoxi , Li Lili , Wang Zhi , Yu Pengfei , Li Xiaobao , Zhou Jing , Zhang Hui , Zhang Linjuan , Liu Zhi , Liu Xiaosong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGarnet-type Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZO) is considered a promising solid electrolyte, but the surface degradation in air hinders its application for all-solid-state battery. Recent studies have mainly focused on the final products of the LLZO surface reactions due to lacking of powerful in situ characterization methods. Here, we use ambient pressure X-ray spectroscopies to in situ investigate the dynamical evolution of LLZO surface in different gas environments. The newly developed ambient pressure mapping of resonant Auger spectroscopy clearly distinguishes the lithium containing species, including LiOH, Li2O, Li2CO3 and lattice oxygen. The reaction of CO2 with LLZO to form Li2CO3 is found to be a thermodynamically favored self-limiting reaction. On the contrary, the reaction of H2O with LLZO lags behind that of CO2, but intensifies at high pressure. More interestingly, the results provide direct spectroscopic evidence for the existence of Li+/H+ exchange and reveal the importance of the initial layer formed on clean electrolyte surface in determining their air stability. This work demonstrates that the newly developed in situ technologies pave a new way to investigate the oxygen evolution and surface degradation mechanism in energy materials.
Quantitative, high-sensitivity measurement of liquid analytes using a smartphone compass
Authors: Ferris Mark , Zabow Gary 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSmartphone ubiquity has led to rapid developments in portable diagnostics. While successful, such platforms are predominantly optics-based, using the smartphone camera as the sensing interface. By contrast, magnetics-based modalities exploiting the smartphone compass (magnetometer) remain unexplored, despite inherent advantages in optically opaque, scattering or auto-fluorescing samples. Here we report smartphone analyte sensing utilizing the built-in magnetometer for signal transduction via analyte-responsive magnetic-hydrogel composites. As these hydrogels dilate in response to targeted stimuli, they displace attached magnetic material relative to the phone’s magnetometer. Using a bilayer hydrogel geometry to amplify this motion allows for sensitive, optics-free, quantitative liquid-based analyte measurements that require neither any electronics nor power beyond that contained within the smartphone itself. We demonstrate this concept with glucose-specific and pH-responsive hydrogels, including glucose detection down to single-digit micromolar concentrations with potential for extension to nanomolar sensitivities. The platform is adaptable to numerous measurands, opening a path towards portable, inexpensive sensing of multiple analytes or biomarkers of interest.
Flexible large-area ultrasound arrays for medical applications made using embossed polymer structures
Authors: van Neer Paul L. M. J. , Peters Laurens C. J. M. , Verbeek Roy G. F. A. , Peeters Bart , de Haas Gerard , Hörchens Lars , Fillinger Laurent , Schrama Thijs , Merks-Swolfs Egon J. W. , Gijsbertse Kaj , Saris Anne E. C. M. , Mozaffarzadeh Moein , Menssen Jan M. , de Korte Chris L. , van der Steen Jan-Laurens P. J. , Volker Arno W. F. , Gelinck Gerwin H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the huge progress in micro-electronics and artificial intelligence, the ultrasound probe has become the bottleneck in further adoption of ultrasound beyond the clinical setting (e.g. home and monitoring applications). Today, ultrasound transducers have a small aperture, are bulky, contain lead and are expensive to fabricate. Furthermore, they are rigid, which limits their integration into flexible skin patches. New ways to fabricate flexible ultrasound patches have therefore attracted much attention recently. First prototypes typically use the same lead-containing piezo-electric materials, and are made using micro-assembly of rigid active components on plastic or rubber-like substrates. We present an ultrasound transducer-on-foil technology based on thermal embossing of a piezoelectric polymer. High-quality two-dimensional ultrasound images of a tissue mimicking phantom are obtained. Mechanical flexibility and effective area scalability of the transducer are demonstrated by functional integration into an endoscope probe with a small radius of 3 mm and a large area (91.2×14 mm2) non-invasive blood pressure sensor.
TM4SF19-mediated control of lysosomal activity in macrophages contributes to obesity-induced inflammation and metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Choi Cheoljun , Jeong Yujin L. , Park Koung-Min , Kim Minji , Kim Sangseob , Jo Honghyun , Lee Sumin , Kim Heeseong , Choi Garam , Choi Yoon Ha , Seong Je Kyung , Namgoong Sik , Chung Yeonseok , Jung Young-Suk , Granneman James G. , Hyun Young-Min , Kim Jong Kyoung , Lee Yun-Hee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdipose tissue (AT) adapts to overnutrition in a complex process, wherein specialized immune cells remove and replace dysfunctional and stressed adipocytes with new fat cells. Among immune cells recruited to AT, lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) have emerged as key players in obesity and in diseases involving lipid stress and inflammation. Here, we show that LAMs selectively express transmembrane 4 L six family member 19 (TM4SF19), a lysosomal protein that represses acidification through its interaction with Vacuolar-ATPase. Inactivation of TM4SF19 elevates lysosomal acidification and accelerates the clearance of dying/dead adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. TM4SF19 deletion reduces the LAM accumulation and increases the proportion of restorative macrophages in AT of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Importantly, male mice lacking TM4SF19 adapt to high-fat feeding through adipocyte hyperplasia, rather than hypertrophy. This adaptation significantly improves local and systemic insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure, offering a potential avenue to combat obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
Transcription-driven DNA supercoiling counteracts H-NS-mediated gene silencing in bacterial chromatin
Authors: Figueroa-Bossi Nara , Fernández-Fernández Rocío , Kerboriou Patricia , Bouloc Philippe , Casadesús Josep , Sánchez-Romero María Antonia , Bossi Lionello 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn all living cells, genomic DNA is compacted through interactions with dedicated proteins and/or the formation of plectonemic coils. In bacteria, DNA compaction is achieved dynamically, coordinated with dense and constantly changing transcriptional activity. H-NS, a major bacterial nucleoid structuring protein, is of special interest due to its interplay with RNA polymerase. H-NS:DNA nucleoprotein filaments inhibit transcription initiation by RNA polymerase. However, the discovery that genes silenced by H-NS can be activated by transcription originating from neighboring regions has suggested that elongating RNA polymerases can disassemble H-NS:DNA filaments. In this study, we present evidence that transcription-induced counter-silencing does not require transcription to reach the silenced gene; rather, it exerts its effect at a distance. Counter-silencing is suppressed by introducing a DNA gyrase binding site within the intervening segment, suggesting that the long-range effect results from transcription-driven positive DNA supercoils diffusing toward the silenced gene. We propose a model wherein H-NS:DNA complexes form in vivo on negatively supercoiled DNA, with H-NS bridging the two arms of the plectoneme. Rotational diffusion of positive supercoils generated by neighboring transcription will cause the H-NS-bound negatively-supercoiled plectoneme to “unroll” disrupting the H-NS bridges and releasing H-NS.