bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A home-based exercise programme improves ankle range of motion in long-term venous ulcer patients
Authors: Davies J A , Bull R H , Farrelly I J , Wakelin M J 
Published: April 2007

Background and objectives: Decreased ankle mobility is associated with delayed healing of venous ulcers. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 24-week home-based exercise programme in increasing ankle range of motion and increasing the strength and endurance of the calf muscle. The secondary aim was to see whether subjects with venous ulcers were able to maintain a consistent exercise programme. Methods: Eleven patients with long-standing venous ulcers were encouraged to undertake a thrice-weekly 5–10 min ankle exercise programme using elastic resistance bands and stretching in a 24-week single-arm pilot study. Ankle range of motion was measured monthly using a bi-plane ankle goniometer. Pain scores and participation levels were also recorded. Results: There were significant improvements in ankle range of motion achieved at 12 and 24 weeks. Median pain scores (scale of 1–10) were reduced from 5.2 at baseline to 2.0 at weeks 12 and 24. Conclusion: These results show that a simple, home-based exercise programme is effective in achieving gains in ankle range of motion and may help to reduce pain. Good participation levels show that it is not only effective, but also feasible. A larger randomized controlled study is needed to show whether there is a positive effect on ulcer healing.
Popliteal venous aneurysm: a report on three cases presenting with chronic venous insufficiency without embolic events
Authors: Christenson J T 
Published: April 2007

Objectives: Popliteal venous aneurysms (PVA) are rare, but represent a significant potential source of thromboembolus. Most often the patients present with pulmonary embolism, which can also be detected in patients presenting with chronic venous insufficiency. Methods: Three patients without any clinical evidence of pulmonary emboli were diagnosed by venous duplex scanning during workup for superficial venous insufficiency. None of the PVAs contained thrombus. The mean diameter of the aneurysm was 30 mm. Surgery included tangential aneurysmectomy and lateral venorrhaphy. Results: None of the patients had evidence of pulmonary embolism, and there were no postoperative deep venous thromboses diagnosed. All patients received anticoagulation therapy for three months postoperatively, and patency was confirmed by duplex scanning during follow-up four, nine and 12 months after surgery. Conclusions: It is recommended that PVAs should be ruled out in patients undergoing workup for chronic venous insufficiency, even in the absence of embolic events. A good quality venous duplex scanning is sufficient for diagnosis and treatment. Surgical treatment of PVAs is advocated. Tangential aneurysmectomy with lateral venorrhaphy is the surgical technique of choice. It is a safe procedure with a low complication rate.
Correspondence between self‐ratings and key‐workers' ratings of depression in adults with mild learning disabilities
Authors: Gordon Michael S. , Shevlin Mark , Tierney Kevin J. , Bunting Brendan , Trimble Timothy 
Published: April 2007

Objective This study assessed the association between self‐ratings and key‐worker ratings of depression in people with mild learning disabilities.Method The Zung Depression Scale was completed by 74 adults with mild learning disabilities and a modified version of the questionnaire was completed by two key‐workers at two periods in time.Results The correlations between ratings of depression by key‐workers were high and key‐worker ratings correlated significantly with self‐rating. The depression scores were found to be temporally stable.Conclusions The findings suggest that proxy raters appear to be able to make reliable and valid judgements about other people's self‐reported levels of depression.
Effects of thinning and fertilisation on tracheid dimensions and lignin content of Norway spruce
Authors: Jaakkola Tuula , Mäkinen Harri , Saranpää Pekka 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
The effects of the intensity and timing of commercial thinning and fertilisation on tracheid properties and lignin content of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst] were studied in two long-term fertilisation-thinning experiments in central and eastern Finland. The experiments consisted of three thinning and three fertilisation treatments in a randomised block design. Fertilisation levels were: unfertilised (F
0), 150 kg N ha-1 (F
1), and 300 kg N ha-1 (F
2). Thinning treatments were: delayed first thinning (T
0), normal thinning (T
1), and intensive first thinning (T
2). A total of 85 trees were sampled 26 years after treatment onset. Tracheid length was measured for 24 trees and cell wall thickness and lumen diameter for 16 trees grown under treatments F
0
T
0, F
0
T
2, F
1
T
0, and F
1
T
2. Lignin content was determined for all trees sampled (n=85) grown in all the different treatment combinations. We found only small differences in tracheid length (0–6%), cell wall thickness (1–17%) and lumen diameter (0–9%), depending on the different fertilisation and thinning conditions. We also found only slightly (1–2%) higher lignin content for fertilised (F
1 and F
2) than for unfertilised (F

0
) trees (25.8% and 26.0% vs. 25.4%). Trees yielded 26.0% lignin content after intensive first thinning (T
2), 25.9% following normal thinning (T
1), and 25.4% after delayed first thinning (T
0). Thus, the prevailing fertilisation and thinning practice for Norway spruce stands in Finland may not cause essential changes in tracheid properties and lignin content.
Taxonomy and distribution of the Brazilian species of Thylamys (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) / La taxonomie et la distribution des espèces brésiliennes du genre Thylamys (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)
Authors: Carmignotto Ana Paula , Monfort Talitha 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe recent increase in mammal inventories and the widespread use of pitfall traps as a major capture method in Brazil have increased the number of non-volant small mammal specimens in scientific collections, providing new information on natural history, geographical range, and taxonomic status of many marsupials and rodents. To date, however, little is known about the Brazilian species of the marsupial genus Thylamys : the number of species in the country is disputed, as are their names and geographic distribution. Thus, the aim of this study was to define the Brazilian species of the genus, delimiting their taxonomic status and distributional range. We provide qualitative and quantitative data on external and skull morphology for specimens housed in scientific collections. A study of the material available allowed us to recognize the occurrence of three species in Brazil: Thylamys karimii (Petter, 1968), T. macrurus (Olfers, 1818) and T. velutinus (Wagner, 1842). For each of these we provide redescriptions, a discussion of local and geographic variations, geographic distribution, taxonomy, age class differentiation, sexual dimorphism, and natural history.
Experiments on sprainting activity of otters ( Lutra lutra ) in the Bieszczady Mountains, southeastern Poland / Observations des épreintes de la loutre ( Lutra lutra ) sur les montagnes du Bieszczady au sud-est de la Pologne
Authors: Brzeziński Marcin , Romanowski Jerzy 
Published: April 2007

AbstractConsecutive surveys of otter spraints of both banks along a 28-km stretch of the River San showed an average of 4.18 deposited spraints/km per day during a 3-week pre-experimental period. The variation in spraint density on particular 1-km-long sections of the river was high and varied from 40 to 145 spraints/km after 3 weeks. Spraint deposition was positively correlated with the proportion of steep and rocky riverbanks, which were characterised by a higher number of potential sprainting sites than those with many flat and undermined banks. Average daily deposition of spraints on the whole 28-km stretch after experimental removal of spraints (experimental period) did not significantly differ compared to the pre-experimental period. However, in sections where otter spraints were removed (n=14), sprainting intensity increased 1.6-fold, while in the control sections (n=14) the defecation ratio decreased 1.5-fold during the first week after removal. Placement of additional spraints of unfamiliar individuals on half the experimental sections did not stimulate otters to increase defecation on these sections compared to those where only old spraints were removed. Otter response to the removal of spraints has a spatial character and is expressed by differentiation in spraint deposition within the home range.
Optimal Adjuvant Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer—How to Handle Stage I Disease
Authors: Wakelee Heather , Dubey Sarita , Gandara David 
Published: April 2007

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss adjuvant chemotherapy as a standard of care for resected stage II–IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.Interpret the controversy in treating stage IB non-small cell lung cancer patients with adjuvant chemotherapy.Define the future directions of adjuvant therapy for non-small cell lung cancer including new drugs under investigation and better “tailoring” of therapy.
CME Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ at CME.TheOncologist.com
Unlocking High‐Performance in All‐Organic Solar Cells by the Development of Organic Electrodes with No Acid and High‐Temperature Treatment and the Effective Preparation Thereof on Organic Multilayer Films
Authors: Hashida Keiju , Konishi Akihiro , Itaya Hiroyuki , Takahashi Kenji , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Karakawa Makoto , Taima Tetsuya , Arashitani Tatsuya , Kawai Kimio , Nishiyama Ryo , Takahashi Kohshin , Nunzi Jean‐Michel , Nakano Masahiro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSolar panels are difficult to dispose of and environmentally unfriendly because they contain potentially hazardous compounds and materials that are difficult to dispose of or recycle. As such, all‐organic solar cells (AOSCs), which comprise only organic materials, have received considerable attention as environmentally friendly alternatives. Although the use of AOSCs will resolve the issue of solar cell disposal, the production of high‐performance AOSCs remains a challenge (power conversion efficiency (PCE) currently ≈4%) because organic electrodes exhibit limited conductivity and are difficult to fabricate without damaging organic plastic substrates and multilayered organic semiconducting materials. Herein the development of AOSCs is reported with PCEs more than twice those of previously reported AOSCs on PET substrates (8.7%). The key to achieving this is the development of organic electrodes with high conductivity and which require no acid doping or high‐temperature heating, thus avoiding damage to the plastic substrates. Moreover, the top‐electrode lamination method developed herein, which does not damage the bottom organic layers of AOSCs, also contributes to the production of high‐performance AOSCs. In addition, the use of bioplastic substrates is explored to demonstrate the feasibility of producing environmentally friendly solar cells with good photovoltaic performance (PCE: 8.6%), thus suggesting that the electrodes and lamination method developed are effective for producing high‐performance AOSCs.
A Platelet‐Substitute‐Releasing Supramolecular Material for Cellular Assembly Mediated On‐Demand Hemostasis
Authors: Zeng Yirong , Yang Shuo , Tian Zhengtao , Huang Zeqi , Xiong Shuhan , Mukwaya Vincent , Tan Ziyi , Zhi Kangkang , Qu Lefeng , Dou Hongjing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInspired by the critical role of platelets in hemostasis, hemostatic agents aim to enable rapid blood clotting, essential for saving lives in severe hemorrhages. Traditional hemostatic methods often rely on the slow binding of limited cellular components and proteins rendering them inadequate for critical scenarios. In this study, macroscopic supramolecular hemostatic materials capable of moisture‐triggered release of nanosized glycan‐based platelet substitutes (PS) are developed to facilitate expedited hemostasis. The inherent supramolecular chemistry of these glycan‐based PS modified with catechol and alkyl enables instant amalgamation with red blood cells and albumin, forming a durable blood gel that exhibits self‐healing and anti‐adhesion properties, effectively minimizing rebleeding and postoperative complications. Meanwhile, the PS Pad instantly adheres to various organs and resists arterial blood pressure by constructing a microstructure‐adapting PS layer on the tissue surface. In rodent and porcine trauma models of liver and femoral arteries with coagulation disorders, the PS‐releasing hemostat stops bleeding within 45 s and is easily detached without rebleeding after use. The integration of fast‐acting supramolecular interactions, biocompatibility, and self‐healing characteristics positions these materials as promising candidates for rapid hemostatic solutions and potential translational applications in managing severe traumatic bleeding.
Coupling of Donor–Acceptor of Hydrogen Bonds Manipulated Electrolyte Structure Enables Hydrogen Evolution‐Free and Durable Zn Metal Batteries
Authors: Xie Dan , Tao Fang‐Yu , Zhu Li‐Han , Diao Wan‐Yue , Liu Chang , Yu Hong , Gahungud Godefroid , Wu Xing‐Long , Zhang Jing‐Ping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe undesirable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) primarily contributes to the instability of Zn anode, which exacerbates Zn corrosion and dendrite growth and impedes the application of Zn metal battery in large‐scale energy storage. Although engineering functional aqueous electrolyte prominently controls HER, it hardly eradicates the occurrence of HER from the source. Herein, this research utilizes the coupling of donor–acceptor of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) to manipulate electrolyte structure and design a novel methanol (MeOH)‐based anhydrous organic electrolyte with propylene carbonate (PC) as co‐solvent, fundamentally eliminating HER, accompanied by suppressed corrosion and dendrite growth. The PC molecules as acceptor strengthen the H‐bonds networks between MeOH donor molecules and weaken the interaction of cations and anions, enhancing the stability of electrolyte and reducing the anion‐involved by‐products formation. Meanwhile, the preferential adsorbed PC molecules on the anode surface form favorable organic component‐dominated solid electrolyte interface layer, inducing uniform Zn deposition along (002) orientation. Consequently, Zn anode in the anhydrous organic electrolyte exhibits excellent cycling stability and high reversibility. The assembled cells also harvest a satisfactory low‐temperature tolerance. More importantly, the corresponding Zn||PANI full cell and pouch cell behave an impressive capacity retention of 92.4% and 91.1% after 3200 and 1400 cycles, respectively.
Tuning Absorption State and Intermolecular Potential of Organic Semiconductors for Narrowband Ultraviolet Photodetection
Authors: Ma Yining , Gao Quan , Li Yudong , Du Yuankai , Huang Yinan , Sun Yajing , Chen Xiaosong , Wu Wenbo , Wu Fan , Wang Zhongwu , Zhao Libin , Hu Yongxu , Han Cheng , Li Liqiang , Yang Chuluo , Hu Wenping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNarrowband response of organic semiconductors determines the band selectivity and anti‐interference of the organic photodetectors, which are pursued for a long time but have not yet been resolved in the UV band. Herein, a feasible strategy is developed to realize narrowband UV response by tuning the absorption state and intermolecular potential of organic semiconductors. The as‐designed non‐Donor‐Acceptor molecule, 2,5‐diphenylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (2,5‐DPTT), exhibits narrowband absorption by fully suppressing the charge transfer state absorption. Simultaneously, the intermolecular potential is significantly enhanced (to ≈90 KJ mol−1) by modulating the molecular planarity. Consequently, the UV photodetector based on 2,5‐DPTT achieves excellent narrowband response at 310 nm wavelength and a record‐breaking photosensitivity (P = 1.21 × 106) in the deep UV range. In the demonstration application of flame alarm, the flame detector based on 2,5‐DPTT single crystal exhibits excellent anti‐interference capability. This work provides the inspiration for designing narrowband responsive organic semiconductors and building up multifunctional optoelectronic devices.
Assessment of Collagen‐Based Inks to Develop Bilayer Constructs by 3D Printing
Authors: Carranza Teresa , Irastorza Ainhoa , de la Caba Koro , Guerrero Pedro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMulti‐material 3D printing is a valuable technique for creating multi‐layered constructs that replicate the composition and organization of tissues. With this in mind, bilayer constructs are produced through 3D printing using two inks based on proteins. On the one hand, a gelatin ink with different carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) contents is prepared and based on the rheological performance, the ink with 3 wt.% CMC is selected for the bottom layer of the construct. On the other hand, collagen‐inks are also rheologically characterized, demonstrating shear thinning behavior and self‐supporting ability. Based on these results, the collagen ink with riboflavin is selected as the top layer of the construct. The printing conditions, such as tip gauge and extrusion temperatures, are optimized, leading to homogeneous and replicable constructs with the required elastic modulus for their application as dermal substitutes.
Aqueous‐Mediated Microwave Synthesis of Novel Tetrahydrospiro [Chromeno‐Isoxazole‐Indolinone] Derivatives via 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Mohapatra Suhasini , Priyadarshini Parida Sonali , Nayak Sabita , Behera Kabita , Mohapatra Seetaram 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA regiospecific approach has been developed for the synthesis of 2,2‐disubstituted 2‐phenyl‐2,3a,4,9b‐tetrahydrospiro[chromeno[4,3‐d]isoxazole‐1,3’‐indolin]‐2’‐one derivatives via 1,3‐dipolar cycloddition reaction. This one‐pot, two‐component synthesis involves 2H‐chromene and N‐arylisatin nitrones in aqueous medium, promoting a green synthesis by minimizing the use of hazardous reagents and enhancing the sustainability of synthesis. The cycloadducts, which feature a spiro center, are efficiently obtained under both conventional method and microwave irradiation. The newly developed derivatives were characterized using 1H, 13C NMR, as well as HRMS spectra. Furthermore, the structure of compound 16 a was unambiguously confirmed through single‐crystal X‐ray analysis.
Oxidative Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbocyclization of Enallenes under Electrochemical Conditions
Authors: Wojciechowska Natalia , Rozanski Szymon , Kalek Marcin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed oxidative carbocyclizations of unsaturated allenes constitute powerful synthetic methods for the construction of functional group‐rich cyclic scaffolds via the coupling of two C−H bonds. The key downside of these otherwise very valuable processes is the need to utilize a stoichiometric amount of benzoquinone as a terminal oxidant, which can be elegantly addressed by the means of electrosynthesis. Herein, we report the development of an electrochemical version of the archetypical oxidative carbocyclization, that is, of enallenes. The conditions for the reaction were optimized and the electrochemical variant was successfully carried out for a number of substrates, albeit, somewhat lower yields were obtained compared to the original process, promoted by a chemical oxidant. However, the application of electric stimulus allowed for carrying out the reaction employing only a catalytic 20 mol% loading of benzoquinone, under simple constant current conditions and in an undivided cell. The need to use THF as a reaction solvent was identified as a key obstacle in achieving optimum efficiency under the electrochemical conditions, providing bearing for further electrification of the palladium‐catalyzed oxidative carbocyclizations of allenes.
Integrating Circular Polarized Luminescence and Long Persistent Luminescence in Cu8 Cage‐Like Clusters via Ligand Engineering
Authors: Zheng Hao , Li Yan , Zhan Wen‐Wen , Zhou Jie , Wu Guanyi , Zhang Chengkai , Sun Di , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCopper clusters with diverse luminescent properties are of particular interest. In this study, a series of Cu8 clusters with cage‐like structures was synthesized and characterized. By employing a stepwise ligand engineering strategy that progressively introduced circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and long persistent luminescence (LPL) properties, we successfully synthesized R/S‐Cu8−Cl, the first copper cluster to demonstrate both CPL and LPL. The CPL originates from the chiral metal core induced by the chiral alkynyl ligand, whereas the LPL is attributed to the inherent properties of chlorine‐modified triphenylphosphine, which is retained and modified after ligation. The polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film containing Cu8 clusters displays lifetimes of up to 75.18 ms at room temperature and an afterglow exceeding 1.5 s, marking the longest luminescent lifetime recorded for molecular copper‐cluster‐based materials known to date. Additionally, R/S‐Cu8−Cl shows excitation‐dependent luminescence and variations in luminescence when UV light is switched on and off, highlighting its potential for advanced anti‐counterfeiting applications. This work not only presents innovative cage‐like copper cluster structures but also offers new approaches for designing multifunctional clusters.
Multiple Deuterium Atom Transfer Perdeuteration of Unactivated Alkenes under Base‐Assisted Cobalt/Photoredox Dual Catalysis
Authors: Suzuki Akihiko , Higashida Kosuke , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA radical approach for hydrogenative perdeuteration of unactivated alkenes under cobalt/photoredox dual catalysis is described. The addition of a suitable base plays a key role in controlling two competing pathways by switching the catalytic performance of cobalt/photoredox catalysis. Base‐assisted cobalt/photoredox dual catalysis promoted a hydrogen isotope exchange reaction of alkenes to afford deuterated alkenes via multiple repeating deuterium atom transfer/hydrogen atom abstraction processes, while consecutive reductive deuteration of alkenes proceeded in the absence of a base to afford polydeuterated alkanes. One‐pot hydrogenative perdeuteration and perdeutero‐arylation were also developed, providing access to various polydeuterated aliphatic compounds.
Leveraging Carbon Quantum Dot Spacers as Dual Proton/Electron Boosters to Upgrade TiO2@Polydopamine Photocatalysts for pH‐Resilient Conversion of O2 into H2O2
Authors: Li Linjia , Bu Qijing , Lang Tao , Zhang Rui , Pang Youyu , Zhang Yuling , Lin Yanhong , Wang Dejun , Xie Tengfeng , Wang Dayang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhotocatalytic synthesis of H2O2 is a proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) process, which is generally jeopardized by the kinetic mismatch between photogenerated electron transfer and proton supply. To address the challenge, here we proposed a new core–shell design of nanocomposite catalysts comprising of carbon quantum dot (CD)‐topped TiO2 nanoparticles encapsulated by polydopamine (PDA) shells, which delivered stable catalytic activity across a pH range of 1–9, exhibiting a photocatalytic generation rate of H2O2 that reached 18.14 mmol g−1 h−1 in methanol and 8.66 mmol g−1 h−1 in water. This extraordinary, pH‐tolerant photocatalytic generation of H2O2 was benefited from the innovative use of CDs, interspaced between the TiO2 cores and PDA shells, not only as a reservoir of protons to buffer the local acidic microenvironment but also as a proton/electron dual booster to sustain an excellent kinetic match between the proton and photogenerated electron transfer, thus enabling the O2 reduction to selectively proceed via two‐electron reaction pathway over a wide pH span.