bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and treatment of primary and recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma
Authors: Witz Misha , Shapira Yirmiahu , Dinbar Alex 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe retrospectively reviewed 16 patients in whom primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma was diagnosed and treated. These patients were classified according to the first definitive surgical procedure employed: complete excision with or without radiotherapy; partial excision followed by radiotherapy; only biopsy of tumor followed by radiotherapy. Distribution of tumors according to histologic type was: well differentiated myxoid type, 10; poorly differentiated myxoid type, 4; and mixed type, 2. The main factor in determining resectability was extent and fixation of tumor to vital structures. Recurrent retroperitoneal disease developed in four patients all of whom underwent secondary intervention. We concluded from our experience that complete surgical excision is the most effective primary therapeutic approach for patients with primary and recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the umbilicus associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Authors: Lee Brian T. , Lefor Alan T. , Didolkar Mukund S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA variety of malignancies, including hematologic malignancies, Kaposi's sarcoma, as well as adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinoma have been reported in association with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Tumors of the umbilical area are unusual and can represent lesions of urachal origin. These may require extensive resection and are associated with a poor prognosis. We describe here a case of a young woman with AIDS who developed a squamous cell carcinoma of the umbilicus which suggests more than a casual relationship between these two conditions.
Refinements in technique. Open biopsy without wound closure for skeletal neoplasms
Authors: Cramer Kathryn E. , Schwartz Herbert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the past several years, the indications for limb salvage in musculoskeletal neoplasms have been expanded. As a result, interest in the topic of diagnostic biopsy has been renewed. Post biopsy hematoma formation and the iatrogenic spread of cancer cells has led to universally accepted guidelines for biopsy technique. These include meticulous hemostasis and wound closure. A technique of open biopsy without wound closure in which the biopsy site in a long bone with contained neoplasm remains open and hematoma allowed to drain into the dressings is outlined. A discussion of the theoretical advantages and disadvantages of this technique is presented.
Oncogene expression and oral cancer
Authors: Pillai Radhakrishna , Reddiar Kannan Sankara , Balaram Prabha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCancer of the oral cavity remains a major problem in the United States as well as in many other countries, some of which record as much as 30% of all their cancers to be in the oral region. Despite numerous advances in the fields of epidemiology and etiology, little is known of the molecular basis of oral cancer. Advances in the field of oncogenes have produced a tool to study the different stages of carcinogenesis, including transition from premalignant to malignant stages. These strategies have direct relevance to oral cancer where the premalignant stage is well defined. Preliminary studies into the expression and function of oncogenes suggest abnormalities including individual and multiple amplification of three or more types of these genes. This review briefly describes the concept of oncogenes, and their possible role in the development of neoplasia and specifically on studies in oral cancer.
Colorectal ornithine decarboxylase activity in human mucosa and tumors: Elevation of enzymatic activity in distal mucosa
Authors: Nishioka Kenji , Grossie V. Bruce , Chang Tai‐Hwa , Ajani Jaffer A. , Ota David M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo examine the value of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) assay as a biological marker of potential malignancy in large bowel, we harvested 43 colorectal carcinoma, 7 adenoma, 6 polyps, and 77 normal‐appearing mucosa at surgery from patients with colorectal carcinoma. In addition, 13 normal rectal mucosa were obtained at biopsy from patients with benign diseases or diseases unrelated to colorectal carcinoma as normal control. ODC activity was significantly higher in polyps and adenocarcinomas than in normal‐appearing mucosa from patients with colorectal carcinoma. ODC activity in normal‐appearing mucosa varied throughout the large intestine, with significantly higher activities in the distal segment of the large bowel. The higher ODC activity detected in the sigmoid colon and rectum correlates with the higher incidence of tumor development in this region of the large bowel. This observation needs to be taken into consideration when ODC activities of the colorectal mucosa are measured as biological markers of potential malignancies.
Estrogen and estrogen receptors in thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Mizukami Yuji , Michigishi Takatoshi , Nonomura Akitaka , Hashimoto Takuma , Noguchi Masakuni , Matsubara Fujitsugu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThyroid tissues, composed of normal thyroid (10 cases), Graves' thyroid (4), and papillary carcinoma (10), were measured for the presence of receptors for estrogen (ER) using an enzyme‐immunoassay method. The mean value of ER in papillary carcinoma tissues (4.0 ± 3.6 fmol/mg protein) was higher than that in normal thyroid tissues (0.8 ± 0.4 fmol/mg protein) or that in Graves' thyroids (2.6 ± 0.9 fmol/mg protein). In 10 papillary carcinomas, 3 were from male patients and 7 were from females. The mean value of ER in the tumors from male patients (7.2 ± 5.1 fmol/mg protein) was higher than that from female patients (2.6 ± 1.7 fmol/mg protein).Another set of 100 thyroid tissues from normal (20 cases), Graves' disease (10), follicular adenoma (8), and papillary carcinoma (62) was also examined for the presence of estradiol(E2) using an immunohistochemical method on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded sections. E2‐positive tissues were found in 4 (40%) of 10 Graves' thyroids, 4 (50%) of 8 adenomas, and 47 (76%) of 62 papillary carcinomas. In 62 papillary carcinomas, E2‐positive tissues were found in 37 (73%) of 51 female patients and 10 (91%) of 11 male patients. In relation to relapse of the carcinomas, E2‐positive carcinomas were found in 10 (71%) of 14 patients with relapse of the disease and in 14 (54%) of 26 patients with no relapse (the difference was not significant). The findings indicate that thyroid carcinomas may be estrogen‐dependent, but no definite conclusions could be drawn between the biological behavior of the tumors and the E2‐positivity.
Gastrointestinal lipoma and malignancies
Authors: Siegal Annette , Witz Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty gastrointestinal lipomata in 18 patients are reviewed: 15 located in the colon, 3 in the distal ileum, one in the duodenum, and one in the stomach. They were found most frequently in European‐born, elderly women and presented with variable abdominal symptomatology. Four lipomata were removed during endoscopy, the remainder at laparotomy, partial colectomy being performed in 10 cases. All, except 2 subserosal types, were located in the submucosa, and their average size was 2.7 cm diameter. Microscopically, none showed true encapsulation, and all were composed of mature fat cells without cellular atypia. In spite of nonspecific changes at endoscopy, one‐half of the cases showed, on microscopic examination, atrophy of the overlying glands and a prominent eosinophilic and/or lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the lamina propria. Two large subserosal lipomata were associated with Crohn's disease. In addition, in 39% of cases, malignant tumours, either single or double, were present in the gastrointestinal tract or elsewhere. Gastrointestinal “lipomata” are located in the sites of normal fatty infiltration in the elderly; these growths could be a local aging or reactive process of the intestinal wall rather than true neoplasms without any potential malignancy. However, coexistent malignancies should be carefully searched for in elderly patients with colonic lipoma.
The spleen in the spleen syndrome: The association of splenoma with hematopoietic and neoplastic disease—compendium of cases since 1864
Authors: Steinberg J. J. , Suhrland Mark , Valensi Quentin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSplenomas have been described as benign congenital growths. We report six cases of splenomas, all in males. Three had hairy cell leukemia, one had Hodgkin's disease, and one had myeloid metaplasia. Average splenic weight was 1629 gm, and all had multiple splenomas (average diameter 1.89 cm). Splenomas bulged above the cut splenic surface, were pseudo‐encapsulated, and showed involvement of the underlying disease. A re‐evaluation of 105 prior cases are adult (86%; age: 49), with 56% associated with neoplastic disease or hematologic abnormalities. Average spleen weight was 626 gm, and 22% contained multiple splenomas. We conclude that splenomas are most likely an acquired proliferative process strongly associated with neoplastic disease or hematologic abnormalities. Splenomas can also be congenital growths (hamartoma; 26% of the series), which are of little importance.
Parotid manifestations of HIV infection
Authors: Zeitlen Scott , Shaha Ashok 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA lump in the parotid region is generally a salivary tumor unless proved otherwise. Recently with an epidemic of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS‐related complex (ARC), a large number of pathologies are noticed in the parotid region. These conditions generally involve the intraparotid and periparotid lymph nodes. Hyperplastic lymphadenopathy and the benign lymphoepithelial lesions are the most common variants. Our knowledge regarding these new conditions is just evolving. There remains a therapeutic dilemma starting from observation only to local excision and superficial or total parotidectomy. These lesions must be kept in mind when we evaluate a patient with risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Melanoma tumor vaccine: Five‐year follow‐up
Authors: McGee J. Michael C. , Lytle Glenn H. , Malnar Karen F. , Price Joseph A. , Humphrey Loren J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor many years, various melanoma vaccines have been employed. This is a unique melanoma vaccine in that it is a subcellular tumor homogenate and no adjuvants have been added. This vaccine has been given to 129 stage I and 61 stage II melanoma patients. All were followed at least 5 years and had 87.5% and 63.9% 5‐year survival rates, respectively. Sixty‐four stage I males and 65 stage I females had 84% and 90% 5‐year survival rates, respectively. We saw no difference between those with or without lymph node dissection.Thirty‐six stage II males and 25 stage II females had 66.7% and 60% 5‐year survival rates, respectively. Of stage II patients, 23 had only one positive node, 22 had two to four positive nodes, and 9 had five or more positive nodes with 69%, 63%, and 55% 5‐year survival rates, respectively. Large published series were used as historical controls [6,27,28], and significant differences were noted when compared to our stage II patients (P = 0.001)—those with two to four positive nodes (P = 0.03), and those with five or more positive nodes (P = 0.04). We conclude that there is a significant increase in survival for these stage II patients, at high risk of recurrence, receiving a tumor homogenate vaccine. This vaccine warrants further analysis, development, and use in a phase III randomized clinical trial.
Primary breast lymphoma
Authors: Misra Anoop , Kapur Brij Mohan Lal , Rath Gaur Kishore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare tumor of the breast. Three cases of PBL are being described. All three cases achieved remission following biopsy, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy. The literature is extensively reviewed with emphasis on true incidence of PBL and survival rates.
Complications of infection and immunologic status after surgery for patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Saito Takao , Shimoda Katsuhiro , Shigemitsu Yuji , Kinoshita Tadahiko , Kuwahara Akihiko , Miyahara Masaki , Kobayashi Michio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCorrelations between defective cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) and infections following surgery for esophageal cancer were evaluated. Peripheral lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, PHA transformation, and PPD skin test were measured in 81 patients with esophageal cancer, 58 with gastric cancer, and 50 healthy controls. The depression of CMI was predominant to a similar extent in patients with esophageal cancer and in those with gastric cancer. The average level of PHA transformation immediately before surgery was significantly lower in the esophageal cancer patients with fatal septic complications than in those without such problems. Although preoperative radiation therapy markedly depressed the levels of the four parameters, this association was also noted in 28 patients not given radiation. It thus appears that PHA transformation may be valuable in the prediction of fatal septic complications after major surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas: A multimodality approach—A single surgeon's experience (1979—1988)
Authors: Schuricht Alan L. , Barbot Donna J. , Mohiuddin Mohammed , Rosato Francis E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective review of a single surgeon's experience with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was performed. One hundred‐one patients were treated over a 10‐year period from 1979 to 1988. Seven patients underwent potentially curative resections and 28 patients presented with metastatic (stage IV) disease. Sixty‐four patients had locally advanced and unresectable primary lesions. A total of 51 patients received I‐125 seed implantation. There was no statistically significant difference in morbidity (33% vs. 30%) or mortality (6% vs. 8%) between patients receiving I‐125 implantation and those undergoing palliative surgical procedures without implantation. Operative mortality was highest in patients presenting with stage IV lesions (11%).In those patients with locally advanced and unresectable carcinomas, there was a nonsignificant increase in survival (12.8 mo vs. 10.7 mo) in those receiving intraoperative I‐125 implants when compared to those who did not when both groups received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy.Based on these encouraging results, it is concluded that I‐125 implantation can be performed safely and shows a trend toward improving long‐term survivorship in patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma when used in conjunction with chemotherapy and external beam radiation.
The effect of head and neck cancer treatment on whole salivary flow
Authors: Marunick Mark T. , Seyedsadr Mahmoud , Ahmad Kurshid , Klein Barbara 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of multimodality therapy for head and neck cancer on whole salivary flow were evaluated. Eighteen subjects with head and neck cancer were studied. Resting and stimulated whole salivary flow rates were recorded, pretreatment, after individual modality therapy, and post‐treatment. Twenty‐four subjects with no history of head and neck cancer matched for age, and sex distribution, served as controls. Primary site, stage, major salivary glands resected, radiation fields, and dose to major salivary glands are reported. The average salivary flow rates for 18 subjects following treatment was reduced 83% for resting and 86% for stimulated saliva from pretreatment levels. The null hypothesis that the overall resting and stimulated whole salivary flow rates are unaffected by treatment (surgery and radiation) of the head and neck cancer was rejected (P values at 0.05 level of significance). Stage and location of primary, total dose delivered to and volume of gland exposure are important factors when predicting xerostomia following multimodality therapy.
Establishment of a human chorionic gonadotropin‐producing human gastric carcinoma in nude mice
Authors: Takahashi Yutaka , Ueno Masashi , Mai Masayoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)‐producing gastric carcinoma was transplanted into BALB/c nu/nu nude mice. The original tumor tissue had been obtained by gastrectomy from a 55‐year‐old patient with gastric carcinoma. The tumor was transplanted serially in nude mice, and its doubling time was stable to approximately 12 days. A positive correlation was observed between serum HCG level and tumor weight. The serum HCG level of the mice and the histology of the tumor, papillary adenocarcinoma with partial poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, did not change on serial transfers. HCG was positively stained by an immunochemical technique only in the site of the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, while staining was negative in the site of the papillary adenocarcinoma, which constituted most of the tumor. These results indicate that this tumor in nude mice will be useful not only as a therapeutic experimental system but also for studying the potential malignancy of HCG‐producing cancer cells.
Extended single transverse neck incision for composite resections: Does it work?
Authors: Myssiorek David , Becker Gary D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince Crile's original description of neck dissection in 1906 (Crile GW: JAMA 47:1780–1786, 1906), a variety of neck incisions has been described, suggesting that none is sufficiently versatile to satisfy the criteria necessary for the ideal neck flap. Single transverse neck incisions (STNI) for complete neck dissections have been performed since the 1950s but are not as commonly used as trifurcate incisions. A criticism of the STNI is that the perceived difficulty exposing the surgical field may compromise removal of disease and impair normal surgical technique, resulting in a higher incidence of recurrent neck disease and postoperative complications. One hundred nine patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were operated using the STNI. There was no incidence of skin necrosis or carotid artery hemorrhage. Fourteen percent developed fistulae and 12% developed wound dehiscences. Recurrence in the operated neck was not identified. Cosmesis was considered good in all patients. We conclude that STNI does not result in an increased incidence of postoperative complications or recurrent neck disease compared with standard trifurcate incisions.
Clinical features of the differentiated and undifferentiated types of advanced gastric carcinoma: Univariate and multivariate analyses
Authors: Moriguchi Sunao , Kamakura Tatsurou , Odaka Tomohiro , Nose Yoshiaki , Maehara Yoshihiko , Korenaga Daisuke , Sugimachi Keizo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study was done to define clinical features for the different pathological types of advanced gastric carcinoma. One thousand one hundred three patients were identified and classified into two groups: 479 patients (43.4%) had a differentiated adenocarcinoma and 624 patients (56.6%) had an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Patients with the undifferentiated type were more likely to have large invasive tumors and a higher incidence of peritoneal dissemination. Conversely, the patients with the differentiated type were more likely to have a liver metastasis. Multivariate analysis, using Cox' proportional hazard model adjusted for sex, age, and other factors, suggested that tumor size was one of the seven most independent prognostic factors in patients with the undifferentiated type (relative risk = 1.01), but this parameter lost prognostic value in patients with the differentiated type. With regard to correlation between survival time and tumor size, the larger the tumor (over 10 cm), the shorter the survival time of patients with the undifferentiated type, as compared to findings in patients with the differentiated type (P< 0.01). Thus, differences in clinical characteristics, including characteristics in the individual patients, extent of tumor, distant metastasis, prognostic factors, and prognosis correlate with the histopathological type of gastric carcinoma.
Axillary dissection in breast cancer: When, why, how much, and for how long? Another operation soon to be extinct?
Authors: Deckers Peter J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prognostic significance of tumor size and location of the primary tumor in the breast as well as the pathologic status of the axillary lymph nodes in patients with invasive primary breast cancer have been thoroughly studied. A direct adverse relationship between increasing tumor size and prognosis is well established. Likewise, even though 50% of invasive tumors are located in the upper outer quadrant of the breast, it is unusual to find statistically significant differences in survival based on quadrant location alone. Although the American College of Surgeons' (ACS) National Survey in 1978 [1] and even earlier data from Fisher et al. [2] both indicate that women with medial tumors and negative nodes do somewhat worse than patients with lateral tumors and negative nodes, this difference is, at most, 5%. Moreover, the prognosis for patients with positive nodes was not statistically different based on tumor location. However, the likelihood of axillary lymph node involvement is influenced by location of the primary tumor in the breast. In the ACS survey, 43% of patients with tumors in the lateral half of the breast had positive axillary nodes, compared with 35% for patients with medial‐half tumors. Fisher has observed that 52% of patients with lateral‐half tumors had positive nodes, compared with 29% of patients with medial‐half tumors. This tendency occurs independent of tumor size.
Imaging‐guided and nonimaging‐guided fine needle aspiration of liver lesions: Experience with 406 patients
Authors: Edoute Yeouda , Tibon‐Fisher Orly , Ben‐Haim Shlomo A. , Malberger Ehud 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of different modes of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of liver lesions. A total of 492 FNAs wereperformed on 406 patients in order to confirm or to rule out focal or multifocal neoplastic disease: 29% under ultrasound (US) guidance, 3% with computed tomographic (CT) guidance, 67% preoperatively, and 1% intraoperatively without imaging guidance. Based on histologic, cytologic, and clinical findings, final diagnoses were reached in 387 patients, of whom 264 had malignant liver disease and 123 had benign liver disease. Of 321 aspirations performed in patients with malignant liver disease, the cytologic findings suggested malignancy in 225 (70.1%) suspected malignancy in 25 (7.8%), and did not reveal malignancy in 71 aspirations (22.1%). Among the 123 patients with benign liver disease, the cytologic findings were reported as benign in all but two patients, who had false‐positive cytologic findings. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values for cytologic findings were 85.6, 98.4, 99.1, and 76.1%, respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 89.7%. In one patient, fatal intraperitoneal bleeding due to chronic intravascular coagulation complicated the FNA procedure. We conclude that imaging‐guided FNA as well as nonguided FNA for cytologic diagnosis of liver lesions are highly accurate and only rarely may be associated with a fatal complication.