bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Peptide‐ and Dentin Matrix‐Functionalized Hydrogel for Vital Pulp Therapy via Synergistic Bacteriostasis, Immunomodulation, and Dentinogenesis
Authors: Xie Zhuo , Jiang Wentao , Liu Hui , Chen Lingling , Xuan Chengkai , Wang Zhenxing , Shi Xuetao , Lin Zhengmei , Gao Xianling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe preservation of vital pulps is crucial for maintaining the physiological functions of teeth; however, vital pulp therapy (VPT) of pulpitis teeth remains a substantial challenge due to uncontrolled infection, excessive inflammation, and limited regenerative potential. Current pulp capping agents have restricted effects in the infectious and inflammatory microenvironment. To address this, a multifunctional hydrogel (TGH/DM) with antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and mineralization‐promoting effects is designed. The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and demineralized dentin matrix are incorporated into the hydrogel, achieving sustainable delivery of AMP and a cocktail of growth factors. In vitro results show that TGH/DM could kill endodontic microbiota, ameliorate inflammatory responses of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), and prompt odontogenic differentiation of inflammatory hDPSCs via activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma. In vivo results suggest that TGH/DM is capable of inducing M2 phenotype transformation of macrophages in mice and fostering the regeneration of the dentin‐pulp complex in inflamed pulps of beagle dogs. Overall, this study first proposes the synergistic regulation of AMP and tissue‐specific extracellular matrix for the treatment of pulpitis, and the advanced hydrogel provides a facile and effective way for VPT.
Facile Access to High Solid Content Monodispersed Microspheres via Dual‐Component Surfactants Regulation toward High‐Performance Colloidal Photonic Crystals
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Qing , Wu Jie , Wang Jia‐Wei , Zhang Nian‐Xiang , Qing Ren‐Kun , Li Guo‐Xing , Li Qing , Chen Su 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMonodispersed microspheres play a major role in optical science and engineering, providing ideal building blocks for structural color materials. However, the method toward high solid content (HSC) monodispersed microspheres has remained a key hurdle. Herein, a facile access to harvest monodispersed microspheres based on the emulsion polymerization mechanism is demonstrated, where anionic and nonionic surfactants are employed to achieve the electrostatic and steric dual‐stabilization balance in a synergistic manner. Monodispersed poly(styrene‐butyl acrylate‐methacrylic acid) colloidal latex with 55 wt% HSC is achieved, which shows an enhanced self‐assembly efficiency of 280% compared with the low solid content (10 wt%) latex. In addition, Ag‐coated colloidal photonic crystal (Ag@CPC) coating with near‐zero refractive index is achieved, presenting the characteristics of metamaterials. And an 11‐fold photoluminescence emission enhancement of CdSe@ZnS quantum dots is realized by the Ag@CPC metamaterial coating. Taking advantage of high assembly efficiency, easily large‐scale film‐forming of the 55 wt% HSC microspheres latex, robust Ag@CPC metamaterial coatings could be easily produced for passive cooling. The coating demonstrates excellent thermal insulation performance with theoretical cooling power of 30.4 W m−2, providing practical significance for scalable CPC architecture coatings in passive cooling.
Harnessing the Power of Stimuli‐Responsive Nanoparticles as an Effective Therapeutic Drug Delivery System
Authors: Fatima Mahak , Almalki Waleed H. , Khan Tasneem , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Kesharwani Prashant 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe quest for effective and reliable methods of delivering medications, with the aim of improving delivery of therapeutic agent to the intended location, has presented a demanding yet captivating field in biomedical research. The concept of smart drug delivery systems is an evolving therapeutic approach, serving as a model for directing drugs to specific targets or sites. These systems have been developed to specifically target and regulate the administration of therapeutic substances in a diverse array of chronic conditions, including periodontitis, diabetes, cardiac diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and different cancers. Nevertheless, numerous comprehensive clinical trials are still required to ascertain both the immediate and enduring impacts of such nanosystems on human subjects. This review delves into the benefits of different drug delivery vehicles, aiming to enhance comprehension of their applicability in addressing present medical requirements. Additionally, it touches upon the current applications of these stimuli‐reactive nanosystems in biomedicine and outlines future development prospects.
Insight into Multiple Intermolecular Coordination of Composite Solid Electrolytes via Cryo‐Electron Microscopy for High‐Voltage All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Wang Qingrong , Xu Hongli , Fan Yanchen , Chi Shang‐Sen , Han Bing , Ke Ruohong , Wang Ruo , Wang Jun , Wang Chaoyang , Xu Xiaoxiong , Zheng Zijian , Deng Yonghong , Chang Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolymer/ceramic‐based composite solid electrolytes (CSE) are promising candidates for all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SLBs), benefiting from the combined mechanical robustness of polymeric electrolytes and the high ionic conductivity of ceramic electrolytes. However, the interfacial instability and poorly understood interphases of CSE hinder their application in high‐voltage SLBs. Herein, a simple but effective CSE that stabilizes high‐voltage SLBs by forming multiple intermolecular coordination interactions between polyester and ceramic electrolytes is discovered. The multiple coordination between the carbonyl groups in poly(ε‐caprolactone) and the fluorosulfonyl groups in anions with Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 nanoparticles is directly visualized by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and further confirmed by theoretical calculation. Importantly, the multiple coordination in CSE not only prevents the continuous decomposition of polymer skeleton by shielding the vulnerable carbonyl sites but also establishes stable inorganic‐rich interphases through preferential decomposition of anions. The stable CSE and its inorganic‐rich interphases enable Li||Li symmetric cells with an exceptional lifespan of over 4800 h without dendritic shorting at 0.1 mA cm−2. Moreover, the high‐voltage SLB with LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode displays excellent cycling stability over 1100 cycles at a 1C charge/discharge rate. This work reveals the underlying mechanism behind the excellent stability of coordinating composite electrolytes and interfaces in high‐voltage SLBs.
Weak Electrostatic Force on K+ in Gel Polymer Electrolyte Realizes High Ion Transference Number for Quasi Solid‐State Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Huize , Wang Wei , Huang Zheng , Wang Zhe , Hu Liwen , Wang Mingyong , Yang Shufeng , Jiao Shuqiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuasi‐solid‐state potassium‐ion batteries (SSPIBs) are of great potential for commercial use due to the abundant reserves and cost‐effectiveness of resources, as well as high safety. Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with high ionic conductivity and fast interfacial charge transport are necessary for SSPIBs. Here, the weak electrostatic force between K+ and electronegative functional groups in the ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) polymer chains, which can promote fast migration of free K+, is revealed. To further enhance the interfacial reaction kinetics, a multilayered GPE by in situ growth of poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) on ETPTA (PVDF‐HFP|ETPTA|PVDF‐HFP) is constructed to improve the interface contact and provide sufficient K+ concentration in PVDF‐HFP. A high ion transference number (0.92) and a superior ionic conductivity (5.15 × 10−3 S cm−1) are achieved. Consequently, the SSPIBs with both intercalation‐type (PB) and conversion‐type (PTCDA) cathodes show the best battery performance among all reported SSPIBs of the same cathode. These findings demonstrate that potassium‐ion batteries have the potential to surpass Li/Na ion batteries in solid‐state systems.
Synchronously Thermochromic and Shape‐Shifting Liquid Crystal Elastomers Enabled by Hierarchical Structure Control for Multidimensional Encryption
Authors: Xu Zhi‐Yuan , Li Lu , Yin Xi , Shi Ling‐Ying , Yang Ke‐Ke , Wang Yu‐Zhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo date, a diverse array of smart materials, drawing inspiration from nature, is developed, exhibiting remarkable shape or color‐changing capabilities, which hold great promise in applications such as bionic soft robots and information encryption platforms. Achieving reversible shape‐shifting and color variation harmoniously within a single material is a particularly appealing prospect. Herein, a facile approach to creating such materials is presented, capable of undergoing reversible shape and color‐change synchronously. This is achieved by harnessing the stress‐free two‐way shape‐memory effect (2W‐SME) of a liquid crystal elastomer (LCE), meticulously programmed at both macro and micro scales. Specifically, the LCE with stress‐free 2W‐SME is fabricated, and permanent grating nanostructures are meticulously constructed through UV‐assisted nanoimprinting. By enabling reversible shape alterations at multiple dimensions, encompassing both macro and micro scales, the LCE material concurrently exhibits reversible changes in shape and color, triggered by heat. As a result, intelligent information encryption and decryption platforms that leverage the unique capabilities of LCE are demonstrated. The outcomes of this research endeavor are poised to pave the way for the advancement of smart materials in the realms of data storage and encryption.
Visualizing 3D Anisotropic Molecular Orientation in Polarization Holographic Optical Elements via Dielectric Tensor Tomography
Authors: Lee Juheon , Son Heeju , Hong Seung Jae , Hugonnet Herve , Bang Joona , Lee Seungwoo , Park YongKeun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe ability to unveil the spatial distribution of refractive index (RI) within volumetric holographic optical elements (HOEs) is critical for quantitating their diffractive behaviors. Angle‐resolved far‐field measurements of diffractive intensity have been prevalent toward this end. However, this century‐old approach is unable to directly visualize the spatial distribution of RI at mesoscopic scale. More significantly, visualization of molecular orientation within photoaddressable polymers (PAPs), which serve as standard recording media for polarization HOEs (pHOEs), remains uncharted territory. The recent advent of dielectric tensor tomography (DTT) has paved the way for full characterization of 3D anisotropic dielectric tensors, encompassing principal RIs and their optic axes. This study embarks on direct visualization of the 3D spatial distribution of anisotropic molecular orientations within holographically recorded PAPs. Illuminating these PAPs with polarized light at varying angles, the diffracted vector fields essential for reconstructing the dielectric tensor tomogram are captured. After diagonalizing the dielectric tensors, periodic rotations of the anisotropic molecule orientations can be visualized in the PAPs, which have never been achieved so far. The homogeneity of grating patterns produced under diverse manufacturing conditions is also examined and juxtaposed.
Superior Quantum Efficiency Blue‐Emitting Phosphors with High Thermal Stability toward Multipurpose LED Applications
Authors: Gai Shujie , Gao Peixin , Chen Ke , Tang Chengzhu , Zhao Yuanyuan , Wei Jiaqi , Zhang Ye , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Mao , Zhou Zhi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince Bi3+‐activated phosphor are widely reported in phosphors‐converted light‐emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs), developing new‐high efficiency phosphors is imperative. Herein, superior internal quantum efficiency (IQE = 93.7%) and external quantum efficiency (EQE = 70.5%) are achieved with blue‐emitting gallate phosphor CaGdGaO4:Bi3+. Particularly, the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectrum ranges from 200 to 400 nm with two peaks at 337 and 368 nm, which match well with the 365 nm near ultraviolet (n‐UV) chip. The blue emission is attributed to two luminescence centers caused by Bi3+ occupying GdO6 and CaO6 sites. Furthermore, the thermal stability (@ 150 °C) enhanced from 73.2% to 80.1% when Ca2+ doping. A white LED (WLED) with high color rendering index (Ra) of 93.8 is prepared by as‐synthesized phosphors, indicating the potential application in WLED. The blue and red dual‐emitting phosphors are achieved by co‐doping Bi3+ and Eu3+. Finally, the rice planting experiment presents that the blue‐emitting can efficiently enhance the photosynthesis and seeding index of rice, which indicated these phosphors have significance in plant fill light.
Silver‐Nanoclusters and Vacancies Influence the Optical Properties of Spherical Cs2AgBiCl6 Nanocrystals
Authors: He Fei , Wang Yiou , Debnath Tushar , Döblinger Markus , Akkerman Quinten A. , Feldmann Jochen , Dey Amrita 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHalide double perovskites (DPs), such as Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Br/Cl), are emerging semiconductors for optoelectronic applications, offering less toxic alternatives compared to lead halide perovskites. Although exhibiting an indirect bandgap, Cs2AgBiCl6 DP nanocrystals (NCs) show bright photoluminescence spectra characterized by a spectrally broad red emission centered ≈650 nm and a narrower blue emission band centered at 425 nm. However, the origin of both emission bands is still under debate. In this paper, it is shown that silver (Ag) plays a crucial role in the explanation of both emission bands observed in these DP NCs. The trapping of holes in Ag vacancies leads to a spatial localization of the hole wave function on the scale of the lattice constant. This provides k‐values for the hole wave function at all boundaries of the Brillouin zone and thus favors the recombination with electrons at the L‐point. Accordingly, a thermally activated behavior of the red photoluminescence with an activation energy of 56 meV is observed. It is further shown that the high‐energetic blue emission band originates from lecithin ligands attached to the NC surface. Surprisingly, their emission spectrum coincides exactly with the plasmon resonance of Ag nanoclusters, located on the surface of the DP NCs.
3D Cellulose‐Based Solar Evaporator with Tunable Porous Structures for High Steam Generation
Authors: Jin Bowen , Cui Tongtong , He Yisheng , Zhang Mingxin , Qi Yanpeng , Ye Chunhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolar vapor evaporation have emerged as a promising green technology to harvest fresh water. Achieving high evaporation rates while employing accessible and renewable materials is key focus in this field. Here, a 3D cylindrical‐shaped solar evaporator composed of natural cellulose is fabricated through ice‐templating freezing combined with crosslinking gelation. It demonstrates an evaporation rate of 4.2 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 sun irradiation, and reaches an energy efficiency of 173%, surpassing most reported cellulose/wood‐based evaporators. This enhanced performance is facilitated by absorbing energy from surrounding, possessing connected pores, and reducing the evaporation enthalpy. Moreover, a systematic exploration of the correlation between pore size and evaporation performance reveals that the reduced pore size (several micrometers) does not necessarily result in a higher evaporation rate, despite improving the fluid transportation. The interaction between water and cellulose induces the formation of intermediate water and reduces the evaporation enthalpy by more than 35%. Thus, the final evaporation performance is determined by a synergistic effect involving water transport, hydrophilicity, and vaporization enthalpy. Giving the high evaporation rate achieved, this 3D cellulose‐based solar evaporator presents a promising candidate toward a high‐throughput, eco‐friendly solar steam generation devices, aligning well with the criteria of green and sustainable development.
Carrier‐Free, Amorphous Verteporfin Nanodrug for Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Therapy and Brain Drug Delivery
Authors: Quinlan John A. , Inglut Collin T. , Srivastava Payal , Rahman Idrisa , Stabile Jillian , Gaitan Brandon , Arnau Del Valle Carla , Baumiller Kaylin , Gaur Anandita , Chiou Wen‐An , Karim Baktiar , Connolly Nina , Robey Robert W. , Woodworth Graeme F. , Gottesman Michael M. , Huang Huang‐Chiao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is hard to treat due to cellular invasion into functioning brain tissues, limited drug delivery, and evolved treatment resistance. Recurrence is nearly universal even after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves photosensitizer administration followed by light activation to generate reactive oxygen species at tumor sites, thereby killing cells or inducing biological changes. PDT can ablate unresectable GBM and sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. Verteporfin (VP) is a promising photosensitizer that relies on liposomal carriers for clinical use. While lipids increase VP's solubility, they also reduce intracellular photosensitizer accumulation. Here, a pure‐drug nanoformulation of VP, termed “NanoVP”, eliminating the need for lipids, excipients, or stabilizers is reported. NanoVP has a tunable size (65–150 nm) and 1500‐fold higher photosensitizer loading capacity than liposomal VP. NanoVP shows a 2‐fold increase in photosensitizer uptake and superior PDT efficacy in GBM cells compared to liposomal VP. In mouse models, NanoVP‐PDT improved tumor control and extended animal survival, outperforming liposomal VP and 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA). Moreover, low‐dose NanoVP‐PDT can safely open the blood‐brain barrier, increasing drug accumulation in rat brains by 5.5‐fold compared to 5‐ALA. NanoVP is a new photosensitizer formulation that has the potential to facilitate PDT for the treatment of GBM.
A Neutrophil Hijacking Nanoplatform Reprograming NETosis for Targeted Microglia Polarizing Mediated Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Yin Na , Wang Wenya , Pei Fei , Zhao Yuzhen , Liu Changhua , Guo Mingming , Zhang Kaixiang , Zhang Zhenzhong , Shi Jinjin , Zhang Yun , Wang Zhi‐Hao , Liu Junjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrecise and efficient regulation of microglia is vital for ischemic stroke therapy and prognosis. The infiltration of neutrophils into the brain provides opportunities for regulatory drugs across the blood–brain barrier, while hindered by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and targeted delivery of intracerebral drugs to microglia. This study reports an efficient neutrophil hijacking nanoplatform (referred to as APTS) for targeted A151 (a telomerase repeat sequence) delivery to microglia without the generation of NETs. In the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model, the delivery efficiency to ischemic stroke tissues increases by fourfold. APTS dramatically reduces the formation of NETs by 2.2‐fold via reprogramming NETosis to apoptosis in neutrophils via a reactive oxygen species scavenging‐mediated citrullinated histone 3 inhibition pathway. Noteworthy, A151 within neutrophils is repackaged into apoptotic bodies following the death pattern reprogramming, which, when engulfed by microglia, polarizes microglia to an anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. After four times treatment, the cerebral infarction area in the APTS group decreases by 5.1‐fold. Thus, APTS provides a feasible, efficient, and practical drug delivery approach for reshaping the immune microenvironment and treating brain disorders in the central nervous system.
Soft Robots with Plant‐Inspired Gravitropism Based on Fluidic Liquid Metal
Authors: Chen Gangsheng , Ma Biao , Chen Yi , Chen Yanjie , Zhang Jin , Liu Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlants can autonomously adjust their growth direction based on the gravitropic response to maximize energy acquisition, despite lacking nerves and muscles. Endowing soft robots with gravitropism may facilitate the development of self‐regulating systems free of electronics, but remains elusive. Herein, acceleration‐regulated soft actuators are described that can respond to the gravitational field by leveraging the unique fluidity of liquid metal in its self‐limiting oxide skin. The soft actuator is obtained by magnetic printing of the fluidic liquid metal heater circuit on a thermoresponsive liquid crystal elastomer. The Joule heat of the liquid metal circuit with gravity‐regulated resistance can be programmed by changing the actuator's pose to induce the flow of liquid metal. The actuator can autonomously adjust its bending degree by the dynamic interaction between its thermomechanical response and gravity. A gravity‐interactive soft gripper is also created with controllable grasping and releasing by rotating the actuator. Moreover, it is demonstrated that self‐regulated oscillation motion can be achieved by interfacing the actuator with a monostable tape spring, allowing the electronics‐free control of a bionic walker. This work paves the avenue for the development of liquid metal‐based reconfigurable electronics and electronics‐free soft robots that can perceive gravity or acceleration.
Charge Injection and Auger Recombination Modulation for Efficient and Stable Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ngai Kwan Ho , Sun Xinwen , Zou Xinhui , Fan Kezhou , Wei Qi , Li Mingjie , Li Shiang , Lu Xinhui , Meng Weiwei , Wu Bo , Zhou Guofu , Long Mingzhu , Xu Jianbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe inefficient charge transport and large exciton binding energy of quasi‐2D perovskites pose challenges to the emission efficiency and roll‐off issues for perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) despite excellent stability compared to 3D counterparts. Herein, alkyldiammonium cations with different molecular sizes, namely 1,4‐butanediamine (BDA), 1,6‐hexanediamine (HDA) and 1,8‐octanediamine (ODA), are employed into quasi‐2D perovskites, to simultaneously modulate the injection efficiency and recombination dynamics. The size increase of the bulky cation leads to increased excitonic recombination and also larger Auger recombination rate. Besides, the larger size assists the formation of randomly distributed 2D perovskite nanoplates, which results in less efficient injection and deteriorates the electroluminescent performance. Moderate exciton binding energy, suppressed 2D phases and balanced carrier injection of HDA‐based PeLEDs contribute to a peak external quantum efficiency of 21.9%, among the highest in quasi‐2D perovskite based near‐infrared devices. Besides, the HDA‐PeLED shows an ultralong operational half‐lifetime T50 up to 479 h at 20 mA cm‒2, and sustains the initial performance after a record‐level 30 000 cycles of ON–OFF switching, attributed to the suppressed migration of iodide anions into adjacent layers and the electrochemical reaction in HDA‐PeLEDs. This work provides a potential direction of cation design for efficient and stable quasi‐2D‐PeLEDs.