bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematic Features of Abrasive Processing of Lateral Surface of Flat-Convex Conical Lenses Using Free Rubbing Method
Authors: Kozeruk A. S. , Diaz Gonzales R. O. , Filonova M. I. , Kuznechik V. O. , Yurinok V. I. 
Published: April 2024

A technology for three-support abrasive processing of flat-convex conical lenses using a tool with a stabilized flatness of the working surface is proposed, and a device diagram for implementing this technology is considered. The device contains a disk tool with a flat working surface, a straightener in the form of a glass plate with holes for parts, a drive for the rotational movement of the latter and a drive shaft for their reciprocating rotational movement. When using the device, the attachment of flat-convex conical lenses for their subsequent group processing occurs through optical contact based on mo-lecular adhesion forces. This blocking method increases the accuracy of processed parts and eliminates the use of adhesive resin, which, when heated, pollutes the environment with carcinogenic substances of the phenolic group. In addition, special compensators have been introduced into the design of the device to minimize the influence of vibrations in the “machine – fixture – tool – part” system, which helps to improve the accuracy parameters of plano-convex conical lenses. The paper presents results of a study of the influence of the nature of processing of the lateral surface of flat-convex conical lenses on the accuracy and productivity of the shaping process. The following cases are considered: with different orientations of the top of flat-convex conical lenses relative to the axis of symmetry of the tool, without forced and with forced rotation, with and without going beyond the edge of the tool during reciprocating rotational movement of workpieces along the working surface of the latter. It has been established that the accuracy of shaping and its productivity in the case of processing without parts lea-ving the edge of the tool are on average 30 % higher compared to the opposite situation, and processing with forced relative rotation of a block of parts increases their accuracy on average by one and a half times compared with absence of such, while the internal orientation of flat-convex conical lenses (the top of the cone is directed towards the axis of rotation of the tool) helps to increase the intensity of stock removal by more than two times compared to their external orientation.
Сonstruction of Facades of Brick Buildings from Prefabricated Insulated Brick Panels (Piers) of Factory Manufacture
Authors: Chernoivan N. V. 
Published: April 2024

The high labor intensity of constructing insulated brick walls has led to a significant reduction in brick consumption in the Republic of Belarus. Considering that in each region there is at least one brick factory equipped with modern technological equipment, and the reserves of mineral raw materials (sand, clay) for making bricks are practically inexhaustible, the development of an effective structural and technological solution for insulated brickwork is an urgent task. As practice shows, today the majority of brick buildings being erected are low–rise (3-5 floors) – these are secondary schools, kindergartens, clinics, buildings for household purposes (laundries, dry cleaners, etc.), as well as administrative buildings. The floor layout of the premises of these buildings is, as a rule, cabinet (the number of window openings is significant). In this regard, it is proposed to use factory-made insulated brick panels (piers) to reduce the labor intensity of constructing the facades of such buildings. A distinctive feature of the proposed solution for insulated brickwork from those commonly used is that, to increase operational efficiency, it is made of two separate structural elements: load-bearing and heat-insulating and decorative. The paper describes in detail the organization and technology of work on the production of the main structural elements of brick insulated facade panels (piers) in factory conditions. The proposed design solution for the facade of brick buildings with a cabinet layout allows the manual technological process of constructing such buildings to be converted into a mechanized one – installation of factory-made insulated brick panels (piers), which will significantly reduce the labor intensity of constructing insulated brick walls. The division of buildings under construction into tiers, the height of which is linked to the range of technological operations and the building materials used, makes it possible to exclude from the work the use of lifting equipment (scaffolding), as well as the delivery of pallets with bricks and mortar boxes to the bricklayer's workplace.
300-Year NH3 Inventory in Europe: Uncovering Combustion's Recent Share
Authors: Lamothe Alexis , Akers Pete , Ginot Patrick , Albertin Sarah , Eichler Anja , Gilbert Adrien , Caillon Nicolas , Gautier Elsa , Darfeuil Sophie , Savarino Joël 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Today, anthropogenic emissions of ammonia (NH3) surpass natural emissions, causing profound impacts on radiative forcing, ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health1. Accurate estimates of emissions are imperative for effective mitigation. Currently, official NH3 inventories attribute around 95 % of European anthropogenic NH3 emissions to agriculture-related activities2, but a growing body of evidence suggests that these NH3 inventories may be inaccurate3. Here, we report the first glacially archived nitrogen isotope record for ammonium (the deposited form of NH3) from a Mont-Blanc ice core, offering an unprecedented glimpse into NH3 emissions spanning Western Europe’s pre-industrial era to the present day. This 300-year record reveals that anthropogenic NH3 emissions reflect the evolution of European economies, with the emergence of intensive agriculture and fossil fuel combustion. Most importantly, we show that, over the period 2010-2016, agriculture-related activities accounted for, at most, (78 ± 17) % of anthropogenic NH3 emissions, with the remainder being attributable to fossil fuel and biomass combustions. This less-than-assumed relative contribution from agricultural emissions strongly argue for a re-evaluation of NH3 inventories and unequivocally put forth that anthropogenic NH3 emissions cannot be reduced without limiting combustion-related activities.
FBXO28 promotes the malignancy of non-small cell lung cancer through ubiquitination-mediated activation of BRD4
Authors: Lv Xiao-Bin , Liang Yiping , Sun Longhua , Jiao Quanhui , Zhang Feifei , Bai Wei , Yang Jun , Luo Xiaohui , Zhang Jiongfeng , Qu Gaoyang , Tang Xiaofeng , Tang Jianjun , Zhang Zhiping , Lai Fenju , Cao Longhui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO28 has been implicated in the progression of various cancers, yet its precise function and substrates remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of FBXO28 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its impact on patient prognosis. We observed an upregulation of FBXO28 in NSCLC, and higher FBXO28 levels correlated with poorer patient outcomes. Functional experiments revealed that silencing FBXO28 inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis, while overexpression of FBXO28 had the opposite effects. Using tandem-affinity-purification mass-spectrum (TAP-MS) and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays, we identified an interaction between FBXO28 and BRD4. Further investigations showed that FBXO28 mediated the ubiquitination of BRD4 through a K63-conjugated model. This K63-conjugated ubiquitination of BRD4 appeared to influence the expression of genes targeted by BRD4, revealing FBXO28's role in mediating the transcriptional co-activation of BRD4. Mechanistically, FBXO28-mediated ubiquitination of BRD4 facilitates the activation of p-TEFb and subsequent phosphorylation of the serine 2 (Ser2) C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), initiating transcription. Besides, FBXO28 was found to promote the formation of liquid-liquid phase separation within the BRD4 complex, potentially enhancing transcription. Furthermore, in a positive feedback loop, we discovered that BRD4 bound to the FBXO28 promoter and increased the transcription of FBXO28. In summary, our findings highlight the pivotal role of the FBXO28/BRD4 positive feedback loop in driving the malignancy of NSCLC.
Evaluating the impact of delayed study startup on accrual in cancer studies
Authors: Ratnayake Isuru Panduka , Do Anh-Tuan , Gajewski Daniel , Pepper Sam , Ige Oluwatobiloba , Streeter Natalie , Lin Tara L. , McGuirk Matthew , Gajewski Byron , Mudaranthakam Dinesh Pal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Drug development in cancer medicine depends on high-quality clinical trials, but these require large investments of time to design, operationalize, and complete; for oncology drugs, this can take 8-10 years. Long timelines are expensive and delay innovative therapies from reaching patients. Delays often arise from study startup, a process that can take 6 months or more. We assessed how study-specific factors affected the study startup duration and the resulting overall success of the study.
Method: Data from The University of Kansas Cancer Center (KUCC) were used to analyze studies initiated from 2018 to 2022. Accrual percentage was computed based on the number of enrolled participants and the desired enrollment goal. Accrual success was determined by comparing the percentage of enrollments to predetermined threshold values (50%, 70%, or 90%).
Results: Studies that achieve or surpass the 70% activation threshold typically exhibit a median activation time of 140.5 days. In contrast, studies that fall short of the accrual goal tend to have a median activation time of 187 days, demonstrating the shorter median activation times associated with successful studies. Wilcoxon rank-sum test conducted for the study phase (W=13607, p-value=0.001) indicates that late-phase projects took longer to activate compared to early-stage projects. We also conducted the study with 50% and 90% accrual thresholds; our findings remained consistent.
Conclusions: Longer activation times are linked to reduced project success, and early-phase studies tend to have higher success than late-phase studies. Therefore, by reducing impediments to the approval process, we can facilitate quicker approvals, increasing the success of studies regardless of phase.
Controllable Chiral Lattices for 2D ROA Mapping and a Long-term Stable Broadband CPL Detector
Authors: Yeom Jihyeon , Kwon Junyoung , Jeon Jae Bum , Choi Won Jin , Jeong Uichang , Jung Wookjin , Kim Kyung Min 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Circularly polarized light (CPL)-sensitive detector enables various techniques such as quantum computing, spin optical communications, and magnetic recording. However, limited responsive wavelength range and low stability of the common CPL detecting materials have hindered explosive applications of CPL detectors. Here, we introduce atomic chiral Se nanorods films as a broadband CPL detector, taking advantage of the intrinsic atomic chirality and the stability of inorganic Se nanocrystals. An incident circular polarization (ICP)-Raman optical activity (ROA) mapping technique is also performed to examine the chiroptical activity of the large-area CPL detecting films. This ROA mapping technique is firstly presented with our knowledge as a new analytic method for chirality of 2D materials. The monolayered Se NRs detect circularly polarized light in broad wavelengths from UV to SWIR with the responsivity dissymmetry factor (gres) up to 0.4 with high stability at ambient conditions for longer than 1 year. The CPL-sensitive Se NRs will also be employed in various applications, such as chiral photonic synapses, chiral spin devices, and CPL-sensitive photocatalysts. Furthermore, our ICP-ROA mapping technique will open a new door to the development and analysis of 2D chiral materials.
Analysis of the disease burden of rare disorders among children: a single-center study from western China
Authors: Xiao Liping , Chi Huan , Liu Guiqi , Liang Xiaohua , Li Qiu , Zeng Huasong , Zhou Juan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the disease profiles and associated burdens of hospitalized children with rare disorders. Study design: Clinical data of 1,975 children hospitalized with rare disorders from 2012 to 2018 at a single medical center in western China were retrospectively analyzed. A family-structured questionnaire survey was conducted on 200 children with 10 of these diseases, capturing demographic information, family economic status, disease costs, compliance behavior, outpatient and inpatient service use, and the psychological burden of parents.
Results: The male-to-female ratio among the children was 1.71:1. The majority were infants and children aged 0–3 years (43.75%), and predominantly from urban areas (74.03%). In total, 48 rare disorders, classified into 10 types, were identified. Diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs, and certain disorders involving immune mechanisms, were the most prevalent type (31.04%). Significant differences were observed in the duration of hospital stays and treatment and examination costs for different rare childhood disorders (P < 0.001). Circulatory diseases incurred the highest overall hospitalization costs, whereas diseases of the blood and hematopoietic organs, and immune mechanism disorders had the highest treatment costs (72.19%). Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases accounted for the highest examination costs (57.32%).
Conclusion: Rare disorders in children are highly variable, with complex disease characteristics, underscoring the need for individualized medical approaches for diagnosis and treatment. Enhanced genetic counseling and eugenics guidance, improved health insurance policies, structured diagnosis and treatment strategies, and emphasis on the psychological well-being of affected families can help reduce the disease burden.
Immobilization coupling with aptamer assisted dual cycle amplification for sensitive exosome isolation and analysis
Authors: He Yu , Ren Ying , Tang Jiawen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Precise identification of exosomes is crucial for improving disease diagnosis and treatments. However, accurate isolation and simultaneously quantification of exosomes remain a huge challenge. We have introduced a new technique that combines immobilization with aptamer-assisted dual cycle amplification to isolate and analyze exosomes with high sensitivity.
Methods
In this method, the CD9 protein antibody is attached to the plate's surface for the initial identification of exosomes, while an aptamer probe is used to detect the exosomal surface protein CD63. We have created an exosome-surface method that combines target recognition initiated signal recycling and rolling circle amplification (RCA) for signal amplification. This approach allows for the “AND” logic analysis of dual biomarkers, enabling both exosome quantification and tracing.
Results
The proposed approach has a broad detection range and a low limit of detection. Moreover, the established method showed good stability in detecting exosomes with a low coefficient of variation.
Conclusion
Our method can effectively isolate certain exosomes and accurately identify them, making it suitable for many uses in biological science, biomedical engineering, and personalized medicine.
A novel transdermal drug delivery system: drug-loaded ROS-responsive ferrocene fibers for effective photoprotective and wound healing activity
Authors: Kim Sangwoo , Kim Yoon , Kim Chaehyun , Choi Won Il , Kim Byoung Soo , Hong Jinkee , Lee Hoik , Sung Daekyung 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Herein, we developed an innovative transdermal drug delivery system utilizing electrospinning technology. The system employs reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive drug-loaded ferrocene-based polymer fibers (FPF), with ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate (AT) as the loaded drug. These fibers offer superior drug protection from external factors, exhibit a high loading efficiency (~ 70 wt%), and enable controlled drug release under high ROS conditions, such as wounds. The transition from the hydrophobic to hydrophilic state, triggered by ROS, ensures precise drug release. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed ROS-responsiveness, whereas DPPH and DCFDA assays demonstrated antioxidant activity. Furthermore, cell proliferation and wound healing efficacy assessments validated the advantages of AT-loaded FPFs via the CCK-8 and scratch assays. This pioneering approach promises to revolutionize transdermal therapeutics, particularly in wound healing, by providing unparalleled precision and efficiency in drug delivery. The development of drug-loaded ferrocene fibers represents a groundbreaking advancement in stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems, marking a significant milestone in the field.
Utilization of Natural Kapok and Coconut Fiber in Thermally Insulated Sustainable Concrete Design
Authors: Susurluk Gulsah , Sarıkaya Hakan , Bostanci Levent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Nowadays, when regenerable alternative green sources are attracting more caution under sustainability targets, kapok and coconut fibers, known as natural fibers, have come to the fore as a very significant raw material source. In this experimental study, compressive strength, thermal insulation and pore structure characteristics of kapok fiber (KP) and coconut fiber (CC)-incorporated concrete samples under different curing conditions were analyzed. For that purpose, randomly distributed fiber-incorporated concrete mixtures containing 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% KP and CC fiber by the weight of cement were prepared and under H2O2 and NaClO curing conditions, the effects of KP and CC fiber inclusion on properties mentioned above of fiber-incorporated concrete samples were researched in detail. Experimental results depict that a maximum thermal conductivity coefficient decrease of 24.31% was detected at a content ratio of 1.5% by the reason of the pore modification effect of used natural fibers in the H2O2 curing group. Because of the remarkable pore modification effect of KP fiber incorporation into the cement matrix compared to the CC fiber inclusion cases, strong linear correlations revealing the insulation-strength mechanism could be detected for both H2O2 and NaClO curing cases. This work intends to promote sustainable development in the building industry by integrating natural fibers into concrete mixtures as an innovative design approach.
Research of the compositional characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in sediments from the Three Gorges Reservoir area
Authors: Han Chang , Cao Huiqun , Tan Haoyue , Li Xiaomeng , Yang Wenjun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are widespread across various regions. While several studies have investigated the distribution of antibiotic resistance in natural environments, the occurrence and diversity of ARGs in the Three Gorges Reservoir have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we employed metagenomic sequencing techniques to investigate the abundance, diversity, and influencing factors of ARGs in the ecosystem of the Three Gorges Reservoir. A total of 874 ARGs, 20 antibiotic classes against which resistance genes are deployed, and 6 resistance mechanisms were detected. The dominant ARG is the macB gene, the dominant antibiotic class is multidrug resistance (MDR), and the dominant resistance mechanism is antibiotic efflux. The microorganisms with the highest contribution to ARGs are Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, while physicochemical factors have little impact on the distribution of ARGs. The results indicate that the Three Gorges Reservoir constitutes a significant reservoir of ARGs. By examining the distribution of ARGs in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the associated characteristics between microorganisms and ARGs, we aim to understand the current state of resistance pollution in the Three Gorges region, thereby providing theoretical support for risk assessment of resistance genes in the environment.
Molecular mechanism of PPMlJ regulates broiler skeletal muscle development and glycerophospholipids composition based on phosphoproteomic and metabolome.
Authors: Cai Bolin , Ma Manting , Yang Xin , Zhang Yanan , Wang Shuang , Jin Chenglong , Xia Weiguang , Chen Wei , Zheng Chuntian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The quality of broiler meat affects consumers’ purchasing decisions. Numerous studies have shown that phosphorylation of proteins in muscle can affect muscle quality. Here, metabolomics and transcriptomics were used to systematically identify the genetic regulation of differences in meat flavor among different broiler. By constructing the meat flavor-related metabolite-gene networks, we identified that protein phosphatase magnesium/manganese-dependent 1J (PPM1J), which is known to regulate a range of biological processes by modulating reversible protein phosphorylation, was a differentially expressed gene with the highest connectivity to meat flavor-related metabolites. PPM1J facilitated the proportion of small myofiber (≤ 250 µm2) and regulated the composition of glycerophospholipids. More importantly, phosphoproteomic and metabolome results found that PPM1J participates in the regulation of skeletal muscle development and glycerophospholipids composition by catalyzing protein dephosphorylation. Our study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle development and glycerophospholipids composition in broiler.
The ‘Photosynthetic C1 pathway’ links carbon assimilation and growth in plants
Authors: Jardine Kolby , Gallo Luiza , Roth Melissa , Upadhyaya Shivani , Northen Trent , Kosina Suzanne , Tcherkez Guillaume , Eudes Aymerick , Domigues Tomas , Greule Markus , Keppler Frank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

As atmospheric CO2 rises, increases in photosynthesis and plant growth are routinely documented across ecosystems globally. Although primarily studied in relation to photorespiration, serine metabolism in chloroplasts may play a key role in plant CO2 fertilization responses by linking CO2 assimilation with growth. However, little information is available on the in vivo activity of the plastidic phosphorylated serine pathway. Here, we show that the serine phosphate pathway is part of a ‘photosynthetic C1 pathway’ and demonstrate its high activity in foliage of a C3 tree where it rapidly integrates photosynthesis directly with C1 metabolism contributing to new biomass via methyl transfer reactions and imparting a large natural 13C-depleted signature. Using 13CO2-labelling, we show that leaf serine, the S-methyl group of leaf methionine, pectin methyl esters, and the associated methanol released during cell wall expansion during growth, are directly produced from photosynthetically-linked C1 metabolism, unrelated to photorespiration, within minutes of light exposure. We speculate that the photosynthetic C1 pathway and its key enzyme methionine synthase is highly conserved across the photosynthetic tree of life and may have evolved with oxygenic photosynthesis by providing a mechanism of directly linking carbon assimilation with growth. Although the rise in atmospheric CO2 inhibits major metabolic pathways like photorespiration in C3 plants, our results suggest that the photosynthetic C1 pathway may accelerate and represents a ‘missing link’ between enhanced photosynthesis and growth rates of modern plants and ecosystems during terrestrial CO2 fertilization under a changing climate.