bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large language models reveal big disparities in current wildfire research
Authors: Lin Zhengyang , Chen Anping , Wang Xuhui , Liu Zhihua , Piao Shilong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractContemporary fire-human-climate nexus has led to a surge in publication numbers across diverse research disciplines beyond the capability of experts from a single discipline. Here, we employed a generalized large language model to capture the dynamics of wildfire research published between 1980 and 2022. More than 60,000 peer-reviewed papers were scanned and analyzed. Through integrating geographical metadata extracted by the artificial intelligence and satellite wildfire datasets, we found large disparities in geographic patterns and research themes. The hottest spot of wildfire research is western United States, accounting for 15% of publications but only 0.5% of global burnt area, while the world’s most widely burnt region, like Siberia and Africa are largely underrepresented by contemporary publications. Similar discrepancies are found between the fuel of wildfire and its ignition and climatic drivers, between socioeconomic development and wildfire mitigation, raising concerns on sustainable wildfire managements and calling for further artificial intelligence-aided transdisciplinary collaborations.
Co-selection for antibiotic resistance by environmental contaminants
Authors: Murray Laura May , Hayes April , Snape Jason , Kasprzyk-Hordern Barbara , Gaze William Hugo , Murray Aimee Kaye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe environment is increasingly recognised as a hotspot for the selection and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes. These can be selected for by antibiotics and non-antibiotic agents (such as metals and biocides), with the evidence to support this well established by observational and experimental studies. However, there is emerging evidence to suggest that plant protection products (such as herbicides), and non-antibiotic drugs (such as chemotherapeutic agents), can also co-select for antibiotic resistance. This review aims to provide an overview of four classes of non-antibiotic agents (metals, biocides, plant protection products, and non-antibiotic drugs) and how they may co-select for antibiotic resistance, with a particular focus on the environment. It also aims to identify key knowledge gaps that should be addressed in future work, to better understand these potential co-selective agents.
Entanglement in Resonance Fluorescence
Authors: López Carreño Juan Camilo , Bermúdez Feijoo Santiago , Stobińska Magdalena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractParticle entanglement is a fundamental resource upon which are based many quantum technologies. In this Article, we introduce a new source of entangled photons based on Resonance Fluorescence delivering photon pairs as a superposition of vacuum and the Bell state $$\left\vert {{{\Phi }}}^{-}\right\rangle$$

Φ

−

. Our proposal relies on the emission from the satellite peaks of a two-level system driven by a strong off-resonant laser, whose intensity controls the frequencies of the entangled photons. Notably, such a frequency tuning can be done without decreasing the degree of entanglement between the photons and, unlike current technologies, the intensity of our source can be increased without the risk of spoiling the signal by including higher-order processes into the emission. Finally, we illustrate the power of our novel source by exciting an ubiquitous condensed-matter system, namely exciton-polaritons, and show that they are left in a maximally entangled steady state.
Morphology does not matter: WSe2 luminescence nanothermometry unravelled
Authors: Martínez-Merino Paloma , Hernández-Rodríguez Miguel A. , Piñero José C. , Brites Carlos D. S. , Alcántara Rodrigo , Navas Javier 
Published: April 2024

Applying multiple linear regression to WSe2 quantum dots, we achieve enhanced thermal sensitivity (30% K−1) and reduced temperature uncertainty (0.1 K), highlighting the potential of WSe2 as a versatile nanothermometer for microfluidics, nanofluidics, and biomedical assays.
Spatial Hearing in Children With and Without Hearing Loss: Where and What the Speech Is Matters for Local Speech Intelligibility
Authors: Pittman Andrea L. , Pastore M. Torben 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This study examined children's ability to perceive speech from multiple locations on the horizontal plane. Children with hearing loss were compared to normal-hearing peers while using amplification with and without advanced noise management.

Method:
Participants were 21 children with normal hearing (9–15 years) and 12 children with moderate symmetrical hearing loss (11–15 years). Word recognition, nonword detection, and word recall were assessed. Stimuli were presented randomly from multiple discrete locations in multitalker noise. Children with hearing loss were fit with devices having separate omnidirectional and noise management programs. The noise management feature is designed to preserve audibility in noise by rapidly analyzing input from all locations and reducing the noise management when speech is detected from locations around the hearing aid user.

Results:
Significant effects of left/right and front/back lateralization occurred as well as effects of hearing loss and hearing aid noise management. Children with normal hearing experienced a left-side advantage for word recognition and a right-side advantage for nonword detection. Children with hearing loss demonstrated poorer performance overall on all tasks with better word recognition from the back, and word recall from the right, in the omnidirectional condition. With noise management, performance improved from the front compared to the back for all three tasks and from the right for word recognition and word recall.

Conclusions:
The shape of children's local speech intelligibility on the horizontal plane is not omnidirectional. It is task dependent and shaped further by hearing loss and hearing aid signal processing. Front/back shifts in children with hearing loss are consistent with the behavior of hearing aid noise management, while the right-side biases observed in both groups are consistent with the effects of specialized speech processing in the left hemisphere of the brain.
Response Latencies During Confrontation Picture Naming in Aphasia: Are Proxy Measurements Sufficient?
Authors: Mazumdar Barnali , De la Mora Nora , Roberts Teresa , Swiderski Alexander , Kapantzoglou Maria , Fergadiotis Gerasimos 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
Anomia, or word-finding difficulty, is a prevalent and persistent feature of aphasia, a neurogenic language disorder affecting millions of people in the United States. Anomia assessments are essential for measuring performance and monitoring outcomes in clinical settings. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of response time (RT) annotation based on spectrograms and assess the predictive utility of proxy RTs collected during computerized naming tests.

Method:
Archival data from 10 people with aphasia were used. Trained research assistants phonemically transcribed participants' responses, and RTs were generated from the onset of picture stimulus to the initial phoneme of the first complete attempt. RTs were measured in two ways: hand-generated RTs (from spectrograms) and proxy RTs (automatically extracted online). Interrater agreement was evaluated based on interclass correlation coefficients and generalizability theory tools including variance partitioning and the φ-coefficient. The predictive utility of proxy RTs was evaluated within a linear mixed-effects framework.

Results:

RT annotation reliability showed near-perfect agreement across research assistants (φ-coefficient = .93), and the variance accounted for by raters was negligible. Furthermore, proxy RTs significantly and strongly predicted hand-annotated RTs (
R
2
= ~0.82), suggesting their utility as an alternative measure.

Conclusions:
The study confirms the reliability of RT annotation and demonstrates the predictive utility of proxy RTs in estimating RTs during computerized naming tests. Incorporating proxy RTs can enhance clinical assessments, providing additional information for cognitive measurement. Further research with larger samples and exploring the impact of using proxy RTs in different psychometric models could optimize clinical protocols and improve communication interventions for individuals with aphasia.
Treatment for Stuttering in Preschool-Age Children: A Qualitative Document Analysis of Treatment Programs
Authors: Sjøstrand Åse , Næss Kari-Anne Bottegård , Melle Ane Hestmann , Hoff Karoline , Hansen Elisabeth Holm , Guttormsen Linn Stokke 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify commonalities and differences between content components in stuttering treatment programs for preschool-age children.

Method:
In this document analysis, a thematic analysis of the content was conducted of handbooks and manuals describing Early Childhood Stuttering Therapy, the Lidcombe Program, Mini-KIDS, Palin Parent–Child Interaction Therapy, RESTART Demands and Capacities Model Method, and the Westmead Program. First, a theoretical framework defining a content component in treatment was developed. Second, we coded and categorized the data following the procedure of reflexive thematic analysis. In addition, the first authors of the treatment documents have reviewed the findings in this study, and their feedback has been analyzed and taken into consideration.

Results:

Sixty-one content components within the seven themes—
interaction
,
coping
,
reactions
,
everyday life
,
information
,
language
, and
speech
—were identified across the treatment programs. The content component
SLP providing information about the child's stuttering
was identified across all treatment programs. All programs are multithematic, and no treatment program has a single focus on speech, language, or parent–child interaction. A comparison of the programs with equal treatment goals highlighted more commonalities in content components across the programs. The differences between the treatment programs were evident in both the number of content components that varied from seven to 39 and the content included in each treatment program.

Conclusions:
Only one common content component was identified across programs, and the number and types of components vary widely. The role that the common content component plays in treatment effects is discussed, alongside implications for research and clinical practice.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25457929
Dysphagia Service Delivery in the Educational Setting: Pediatric Feeding Disorder and the Culturally Responsive Clinician
Authors: Villaluna Anais , Dolby Carolyn 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This article addresses considerations for the speech-language pathologist to ensure culturally competent dysphagia management in the school setting for children with oral motor, swallowing, and pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs). There is also discussion of the multifactorial cultural and linguistic influences that impact collaborative educational decisions when establishing and implementing school-based dysphagia services.

Conclusions:
The consideration of cultural and linguistic factors for the child with oral motor, swallowing, and/or PFDs is essential when diagnosing, treating, and planning for dysphagia service delivery. By recognizing and including culturally appropriate interventions and recommendations, speech-language pathologists enhance opportunities for positive outcomes and treatment efficacy when providing pediatric dysphagia services in the educational setting for children from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.
Structural and temperature dependent dielectric behaviour of BxFe(3−x)O4 nanoferrite particles
Authors: Donta Paramesh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe auto‐combustion technique was employed to synthesize nano particles of BxFe(3−x)O4 (x = 0.0, 0.7, 1.18, 1.36 and 1.54). The resulting structural and dielectric properties of the boron doped Fe3O4 were evaluated. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of a single spinel structure with crystallite dimensions ranging from 21.18 to 26.43 nm and lattice parameters of 8.211 to 8.487 Ǻ. The morphological images revealed homogenous and spherical grain sizes, while EDX confirmed the presence of constituent elements used. The X‐ray density increased whereas the bulk density and the porosity decreased with boron substitution. The study of dielectric properties and AC conductivity (σAC) was demonstrated and the AC conductivity decreased with increasing boron concentration, indicating a hopping mechanism. Moreover, noticeable variations in dielectric loss, AC conductivity, and dielectric permittivity with temperature and frequency were observed. These observations were attributed to the Maxwell–Wagner interfacial polarization and the hopping of charges between Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions.
A Handheld Robot for Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery: Updated Preclinical Validation Study (IDEAL Stage 0)
Authors: Starup-Hansen Joachim , Newall Nicola , Dimitrakakis Emmanouil , Khan Danyal Z. , Dwyer George , Iyengar Keshav , Psychogyios Dimitrios , Hanrahan John G. , Sinha Siddharth , Booker James , Stoyanov Danail , Marcus Hani J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and Objectives Endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) has become increasingly popular, yet anatomical constraints posed by the nose and limitations of nonarticulated instruments render EES technically challenging, with a steep associated learning curve. Therefore, we developed a handheld robot to enhance dexterity in endoscopic neurosurgical procedures. A previous trial of the robot demonstrated its potential advantages in endoscopic neurosurgery but also the need for improvements. In this study, we assess the feasibility, acceptability, and comparative performance of the updated robotic prototype (version 0.2) against standard instruments in a preclinical phantom and cadaveric trial.
Methods Ethical approval was received. Participants were stratified according to their neurosurgical experience. In the phantom study, a randomized crossover design compared the robot against standard instruments at a phantom tumor resection task. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney U tests and paired t-tests. In the cadaver-based user study, participants evaluated the device's functional domains through a qualitative interview design.
Results In the phantom study, the device demonstrated a learning curve: initial resection attempts favored the traditional instrument (84% vs. 59%, p = 0.055), but parity was achieved by the fifth attempt (80% vs. 83%, p = 0.76). Acceptability was evident, as most clinicians (7/8) preferred the robot for its superior range, ergonomics, and precision. Also, the robot exhibited a diminished cognitive workload. The cadaveric study underscored the robot's clinical feasibility, through sufficient workspace reach and force delivery.
Conclusion: Overall, our robot demonstrates promising acceptability and feasibility for endoscopic neurosurgery, yet further iterative developments are required before proceeding to in-human clinical trials.
Pharmacoinformatics-enabled Interventions Improved Care Coordination and Identified Pharmacy-Related Safety Issues in a Multicultural Medicare Population
Authors: Craig Kelly J. T. , Zaleski Amanda L. , MacKenzie Shannon M. , Butler Brenda L. , Youngerman Rebecca A. , McNutt Sherrie L. , Baquet-Simpson Alena M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Compared to White populations, multicultural older adults experience more gaps in preventive care (e.g., vaccinations, screenings, chronic condition monitoring), social determinants of health barriers (e.g., access to care, language, transportation), and disparities and inequities (e.g., comorbidities, disease burden, and health care costs).
Objectives This study aims to describe an informatics-based approach used to execute and evaluate results of a member-centric, pharmacoinformatics-informed engagement program to deliver culturally tailored microinterventions to close medication-related gaps in care utilizing multidisciplinary care coordination that leverages the expanded role of the pharmacist. The operational framework will be described, and the influence of the medication use processes will be reported in a multicultural Medicare Advantage cohort.
Methods A pharmacoinformatics framework was leveraged to conduct a retrospective, observational cohort analysis of the program. Claims data were used to evaluate the influence of medication use process microinterventions from a large Medicare Advantage cohort of members who self-identify as Black and/or Hispanic, and have type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension, and meet eligibility criteria for multidisciplinary (e.g., nursing and pharmacy) care management (CM) and received pharmacy referral from January 1, 2022, through September 30, 2023.
Results A total of 3,265 Medicare Advantage members (78.3% Black and 21.7% Hispanic) received CM and pharmacy referral. Pharmacovigilance reviews conducted during this timeframe identified 258 acute events that escalated member CM. Provider outreach (n = 185) informed of safety issues (drug duplication, n = 48; drug interactions, n = 21; drug–disease interactions, n = 5; noncompliance and/or dosing issues, n = 27). Outreach to members (n = 160) and providers (n = 164) informed of open quality-related measure gaps for medication adherence.
Conclusion The application of pharmacoinformatics by a payor-led multicultural clinical program demonstrated quality improvements in Medicare Advantage member identification including risk stratification, timely outreach for pharmacy-related safety issues, and improved efficiency of multidisciplinary care coordination involving medication use process workflows.
Type 1 Narcolepsy in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Yuabov Asnat , Kilinsky Alexandra , El Kady Dina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Type 1 narcolepsy (with cataplexy) is a rare disorder affecting the central nervous system and is characterized by the inability to control sleep–wake cycles. There is a paucity of data regarding management during pregnancy.
Case This is a 23-year-old primigravida with narcolepsy and cataplexy, treated with methylphenidate in the third trimester, resulting in an improvement of episodes of cataplexy. A review of the literature reveals information regarding options for medical management and the mode of delivery for these women.
Conclusion Type 1 narcolepsy can be treated with medications after consideration of risks and benefits. For patients who are symptomatic at the time of birth, cesarean section may be the preferred mode of delivery in women with type 1 narcolepsy.
Machine Alarm Fatigue among Hemodialysis Nurses in 29 Tertiary Hospitals
Authors: Sun Chaonan , Bao Meirong , Pu Congshan , Kang Xin , Zhang Yiping , Kong Xiaomei , Zhang Rongzhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives To understand the status quo and related influencing factors of machine alarm fatigue of hemodialysis nurses in tertiary hospitals in Liaoning Province.
Methods This cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling to select 460 nurses from 29 tertiary hospitals in Liaoning Province, who are involved in hemodialysis care. Surveys were conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Alarm Fatigue Scale, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index, and Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale.
Results The overall machine alarm fatigue score for 460 hemodialysis nurses from 29 tertiary hospitals in Liaoning Province was 17.04 ± 3.21, indicating a moderate level. The multiple linear regression analysis shows that years of experience in hemodialysis nursing, the number of patients managed per shift, whether specialized nursing training has been received, self-reported health status, emotional exhaustion, and workload have statistically significant associations with alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses (p < 0.05). Among them, the years of experience in hemodialysis nursing are negatively correlated with alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses, whereas the number of patients managed per shift and workload are positively correlated with alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses.
Conclusion This study indicates that certain demographic factors, workload, and occupational burnout are associated with machine alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses. Therefore, hemodialysis-related managers should establish a Machine Alarm Management System, implement Personalized Thresholds and Delayed Alarms, ensure reasonable staffing arrangements, improve compassion fatigue, and enhance anticipatory care. Our findings have implications for improving the health and well-being of hemodialysis nurses, providing a conducive environment for professional training in hemodialysis, and ultimately addressing the current situation of machine alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses.
Comparison of Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT and Multiparametric MRI for Initial Detection and Staging of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Gauthaman Dinesh Kumar , Luthra Karuna , Lele Vikram 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is widely used for the evaluation of prostate cancer and is known to have better accuracy. Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-68 PSMA) is a radiotracer that shows high localization in prostate cancer cells.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity and utility of Ga-68 PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in comparison with mpMRI as a noninvasive imaging technique for the initial diagnosis and locoregional staging of prostate cancer using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy as gold standard.
Materials and Methods This prospective observational study conducted from August 2017 to April 2020 evaluated 60 men (n = 60) with biopsy-proven prostate carcinoma. They underwent mpMRI and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT scans within 14 days with TRUS biopsy being gold standard. T staging of disease, N staging of lymph nodes within the pelvis, and M staging of lesions in pelvic bones (within the imaging field of mpMRI) were compared using PSPP version 1.0.1 statistical software.
Results All 60 men with a mean age of 69.9 ± 9.35 years showed Ga-68 PSMA avid disease, whereas 55 were detected by mpMRI. The sensitivity in detection of prostate lesions (with 95% confidence interval) was 99.08% for Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT and 84.40% for mpMRI. Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT detected greater number of patients with regional lymph nodal involvement (19/60) as compared with mpMRI (12/60). Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT showed PSMA avid pelvic skeletal lesions in nine patients, whereas mpMRI detected pelvic lesions in six patients. In addition, four other patients showed extrapelvic skeletal lesions on Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT.
Conclusion Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT has superior sensitivity in detection of primary prostate tumor, as compared with mpMRI. Both modalities correlate well in detection of seminal vesicle involvement. Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT outperformed mpMRI in detection of lymph nodal and skeletal metastases. Hence, Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT should be considered as first-line diagnostic modality for carcinoma prostate.
Summary Statement: Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT shows superior diagnostic performance than mpMRI in the evaluation of prostate cancer.