bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and evaluation of virtual simulation games to increase the confidence and self-efficacy of healthcare learners in vaccine communication, advocacy, and promotion
Authors: Doucette Emily J. , Fullerton Madison M. , Pateman Margaret , Lip Alyssa , Houle Sherilyn K. D. , Kellner James D. , Leal Jenine , MacDonald Shannon E. , McNeil Deborah , Tyerman Jane , Luctkar-Flude Marian , Davidson Sandra , Constantinescu Cora 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Although healthcare providers (HCPs) are the most trusted source of vaccine information, there is a paucity of easily accessible, multidisciplinary educational tools on vaccine communication for them. Virtual simulation games (VSGs) are innovative yet accessible and effective tools in healthcare education. The objectives of our study were to develop VSGs to increase HCP confidence and self-efficacy in vaccine communication, advocacy, and promotion, and evaluate the VSGs’ effectiveness using a pre-post self-assessment pilot study.

Methods
A multidisciplinary team of experts in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and simulation development created three VSGs for HCP learners focused on addressing conversations with vaccine hesitant individuals. We evaluated the VSGs with 24 nursing students, 30 pharmacy students, and 18 medical residents who completed surveys and 6-point Likert scale pre-post self-assessments to measure changes in their confidence and self-efficacy.

Results
There were no significant differences in baseline confidence and self-efficacy across the three HCP disciplines, despite varied levels of education. Post-VSG confidence and self-efficacy (median: 5) were significantly higher than pre-VSG (median: 4–5) for all three HCP disciplines (P ≤ 0.0005), highlighting the effectiveness of the VSGs. Medical residents reported significantly lower post-VSG confidence and self-efficacy than nursing and pharmacy learners despite completing the most significant amount of education.

Conclusions
Following the completion of the VSGs, learners in medicine, nursing, and pharmacy showed significant improvement in their self-assessed confidence and self-efficacy in holding vaccine conversations. The VSGs as an educational tool, in combination with existing clinical immunization training, can be used to increase HCP confidence and engagement in vaccine discussions with patients, which may ultimately lead to increased vaccine confidence among patients.
Assessment and evaluation of online education and virtual simulation technology in dental education: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Fu Yu , Chu Fengqing , Lu Xiaoqing , Wang Chenxing , Xiao Na , Jiang Jiajia , Zheng Jue , Jiang Hongbing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led medical universities in China to conduct online teaching. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a blended learning approach that combines online teaching and virtual reality technology in dental education and to evaluate the acceptance of the blended learning approach among dental teachers and students.MethodsThe Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist was followed in this study. A total of 157 students’ perspectives on online and virtual reality technology education and 54 teachers’ opinions on online teaching were collected via questionnaires. Additionally, 101 students in the 2015-year group received the traditional teaching method (TT group), while 97 students in the 2017-year group received blended learning combining online teaching and virtual reality technology (BL group). The graduation examination results of students in the two groups were compared.ResultsThe questionnaire results showed that most students were satisfied with the online course and the virtual simulation platform teaching, while teachers held conservative and neutral attitudes toward online teaching. Although the theoretical score of the BL group on the final exam was greater than that of the TT group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.805). The skill operation score of the BL group on the final exam was significantly lower than that of the TT group (P = 0.004). The overall score of the BL group was lower than that of the TT group (P = 0.018), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.112).ConclusionsThe blended learning approach combining online teaching and virtual reality technology plays a positive role in students’ learning and is useful and effective in dental education.
Assessment of advanced paediatric dentistry education programmes in Egypt: a survey of programme directors
Authors: Yassa MK , Khattab NM 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Advanced paediatric dentistry education programmes (APDEPs) should follow specific standards to produce competent specialists. The current study assessed APDEPs in Egypt via an online questionnaire to programme directors.

Subjects and methods
An online questionnaire was distributed to the directors of fully operational degree-granting APDEPs in Egypt in June 2023. The survey instrument was based on the Accreditation Standards for Advanced Dental Education Programmes in Paediatric Dentistry developed by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA).

Results
Directors of the sixteen fully operational APDEPs answered the questionnaire giving a 100% response rate. APDEPs, in Egypt, varied regarding the adequacy of teaching staff, facilities and resources, didactic instruction, clinical requirements, and research activities.

Conclusion
The current survey provides information about the strengths and weaknesses of fully operational degree-granting APDEPs in Egypt. This information can help maintain and improve the quality of these programmes.
Altered gut mycobiome in patients with end-stage renal disease and its correlations with serum and fecal metabolomes
Authors: Ren Yi , Chen Lei , Guo Ruochun , Ma Shiyang , Li Shenghui , Zhang Yue , Jiang Hongli , Shi Haitao , Zhang Pan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The relationship between the gut mycobiome and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains largely unexplored.

Methods
In this study, we compared the gut fungal populations of 223 ESRD patients and 69 healthy controls (HCs) based on shotgun metagenomic sequencing data, and analyzed their associations with host serum and fecal metabolites.

Results
Our findings revealed that ESRD patients had a higher diversity in the gut mycobiome compared to HCs. Dysbiosis of the gut mycobiome in ESRD patients was characterized by a decrease of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an increase in various opportunistic pathogens, such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladophialophora immunda, Exophiala spinifera, Hortaea werneckii, Trichophyton rubrum, and others. Through multi-omics analysis, we observed a substantial contribution of the gut mycobiome to host serum and fecal metabolomes. The opportunistic pathogens enriched in ESRD patients were frequently and positively correlated with the levels of creatinine, homocysteine, and phenylacetylglycine in the serum. The populations of Saccharomyces, including the HC-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were frequently and negatively correlated with the levels of various toxic metabolites in the feces.

Conclusions
Our results provided a comprehensive understanding of the associations between the gut mycobiome and the development of ESRD, which had important implications for guiding future therapeutic studies in this field.
SKP alleviates the ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease through suppression of HIF-1α/HO-1 pathway based on network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation
Authors: Yan Yangtian , Yuan Ningning , Chen Yuchi , Ma Yun , Chen Ali , Wang Fujing , Yan Shihua , He Zhuo’en , He Jinyue , Zhang Chi , Wang Hao , Wang Mingqing , Diao Jianxin , Xiao Wei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) represents a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Shenkang Pills (SKP), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been widely used in the treatment of DKD and has obvious antioxidant effect. Ferroptosis, a novel mode of cell death due to iron overload, has been shown to be associated with DKD. Nevertheless, the precise effects and underlying mechanisms of SKP on ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease remain unclear.

Methods
The active components of SKP were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and Herb-ingredient-targets gene network were constructed using Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted utilizing the Metascape system database. Additionally, an in vivo model of DKD induced by Streptozotocin (STZ) was established to further investigate and validate the possible mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of SKP.

Results
We retrieved 56 compounds and identified 223 targets of SKP through the TCMSP database. Key targets were ascertained using PPI network analysis. By constructing a Herb-Ingredient-Targets gene network, we isolated the primary active components in SKP that potentially counteract ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that SKP has the potential to alleviate ferroptosis through HIF signaling pathway, thereby mitigating renal injury in DKD. In animal experiments, fasting blood glucose, 24 h urine protein, urea nitrogen and serum creatine were measured. The results showed that SKP could improve DKD. Results from animal experiments were also confirmed the efficacy of SKP in alleviating renal fibrosis, oxidative stress and ferroptosis in DKD mice. These effects were accompanied by the significant reductions in renal tissue expression of HIF-1α and HO-1 proteins. The mRNA and immunohistochemistry results were the same as above.

Conclusions
SKP potentially mitigating renal injury in DKD by subduing ferroptosis through the intricacies of the HIF-1α/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Clinical efficacy of metformin in familial adenomatous polyposis and the effect of intestinal flora
Authors: Zhou Linxin , Zheng Linfu , Xu Binbin , Ye Zhou , Li Dazhou , Wang Wen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Metformin has been reported to inhibit the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) by mediating changes in intestinal flora. Studies have also indicated that the occurence of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) may also be associated with changes in the intestinal flora. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy and safety of metformin in treating FAP and the association with intestinal flora.

Results
Compared with the baseline, the mean number and load of polyps in the areas of nanocarbon labeling and postoperative residuals in the test group were lower than those in the placebo group, while the diversity of intestinal flora species was increased. At the genus level, the relative abundance of g_Ruminococcus in the test group was lower than that at baseline, whereas the relative abundance of g_Lactobacillus was higher. These changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
One-year metformin therapy for FAP is safe and effective, potentially mediated by modulating the intestinal flora. This study provides new insights and strategies for preventing adenomatous polyp carcinogenesis in FAP and explores possible preventive action.
A pregnant woman with long-standing, retained intraabdominal glass shards who gave birth to a live infant with no complications: a case report
Authors: Inoue Kenta , Yabe Shinichiro , Kashiwabara Soichiro , Itaya Yukiko , Era Sumiko , Kikuchi Akihiko , Takai Yasushi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Most cases of traumatic injury during pregnancy involve blunt trauma, with penetrating trauma being uncommonly rare. In glass shard injuries, fragments often penetrate deeply, and multiple injuries may occur simultaneously; attention must be paid to the possibility of organ injury from the residual fragments. However, no case of this occurring during pregnancy has been reported yet.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 34-year-old pregnant Cameroonian woman who retained intraabdominal glass shards following a penetrating injury at 13 weeks gestation and not diagnosed until 22 weeks gestation. Notably, this patient continued the pregnancy without complications and gave birth via cesarean section at 36 weeks gestation.

Conclusion
In pregnant women sustaining a penetrating glass trauma during pregnancy, careful attention should be paid to the fragments; in that case, computed tomography is a useful modality for accurately visualizing any remaining fragments in the body. Essentially, the foreign bodies in glass shard injuries during pregnancy should be removed immediately, but conservative management for term delivery is an important choice for patients at risk for preterm delivery.
Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas
Authors: Eggleton Michael A. , Salzmann Cody J. , Kaiser Joseph E. , Smith Shannon C. F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps (largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current (2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical (2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill nets.

Results
T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater (P < 0.05) during the post-carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar (P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow (Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies (Pomoxis spp.), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish (L. humilis), and yellow bass (Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and post-carp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner (N. texanus), pallid shiner (Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish (L. megalotis), buffalofishes (Ictiobus spp.), and gars (Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same period.

Conclusions
Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White River ecosystem during the past two decades. Thus, it is probable to conclude that post-carp establishment observations from this study were at least, in part, attributable to bigheaded carp establishment. Impacts of further range expansions by bigheaded carps in the White River and other lower Mississippi River sub-basins are unclear, though this study suggests probable effects on native fish assemblages, underscoring the need for further research and monitoring.
China: legacy collieries versus renewable energy
Authors: Chu Zhaoxiang , Wang Yiming , Ji Yukun , Li Xiaozhao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe findings of the major strategic consulting project of Chinese Academy of Engineering ‘Research on the strategy of coal mine safety and abandoned mine resources development and utilization in China’ suggest that almost 13,000 discarded collieries in China will provide abundant surface lands and massive underground heritages to not only develop but also store renewable energy within the Earth’s Critical Zone, thus helping attain its net-zero energy goal.
Social determinants of health and diabetes: using a nationally representative sample to determine which social determinant of health model best predicts diabetes risk
Authors: Cooper Zach W. , Mowbray Orion , Johnson Leslie 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Social determinants of health (SDOH) research demonstrates poverty, access to healthcare, discrimination, and environmental factors influence health outcomes. Several models are commonly used to assess SDOH, yet there is limited understanding of how these models differ regarding their ability to predict the influence of social determinants on diabetes risk. This study compares the utility of four SDOH models for predicting diabetes disparities.

Study design
We utilized The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adulthood (Add Health) to compare SDOH models and their ability to predict risk of diabetes and obesity.

Methods
Previous literature has identified the World Health Organization (WHO), Healthy People, County Health Rankings, and Kaiser Family Foundation as the conventional SDOH models. We used these models to operationalize SDOH using the Add Health dataset. Add Health data were used to perform logistic regressions for HbA1c and linear regressions for body mass index (BMI).

Results
The Kaiser model accounted for the largest proportion of variance (19%) in BMI. Race/ethnicity was a consistent factor predicting BMI across models. Regarding HbA1c, the Kaiser model also accounted for the largest proportion of variance (17%). Race/ethnicity and wealth was a consistent factor predicting HbA1c across models.

Conclusion
Policy and practice interventions should consider these factors when screening for and addressing the effects of SDOH on diabetes risk. Specific SDOH models can be constructed for diabetes based on which determinants have the largest predictive value.
Rust HUBB: DNA barcode-based identification of Pucciniales
Authors: Kaishian Patricia , Layug Christopher R. K. , Anderson Mark , Berg Diane R. , Aime M. Catherine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRust fungi (Pucciniales, Basidiomycota) are a species-rich (ca. 8000 species), globally distributed order of obligate plant pathogens. Rust species are host-specific, and as a group they cause disease on many of our most economically and/or ecologically significant plants. As such, the ability to accurately and rapidly identify these fungi is of particular interest to mycologists, botanists, agricultural scientists, farmers, quarantine officials, and associated stakeholders. However, the complexities of the rust life cycle, which may include production of up to five different spore types and alternation between two unrelated host species, have made standard identifications, especially of less-documented spore states or alternate hosts, extremely difficult. The Arthur Fungarium (PUR) at Purdue University is home to one of the most comprehensive collections of rust fungi in the world. Using material vouchered in PUR supplemented with fresh collections we generated DNA barcodes of the 28S ribosomal repeat from > 3700 rust fungal specimens. Barcoded material spans 120 genera and > 1100 species, most represented by several replicate sequences. Barcodes and associated metadata are hosted in a publicly accessible, BLAST searchable database called Rust HUBB (Herbarium-based Universal Barcode Blast) and will be continuously updated.
Two-stage surgical treatment of Stanford type B acute aortic dissection associated with aberrant right subclavian artery dissection complicated by distal arch aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Shintani Yusuke , Tobinaga Satoru , Saisho Hiroyuki , Kono Takanori , Tayama Eiki , Aoyagi Shigeaki , Yasunaga Hiroshi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common congenital variant of the aortic arch and occurs in 0.5–1.8% of the population. Most patients with ARSA remain asymptomatic; however, symptoms associated with ARSA include dysphagia, esophageal compression, and airway obstruction. Surgical intervention is indicated if the ARSA becomes symptomatic or is related to aneurysmal dilatation. Even without symptoms, it carries the risk of rupture or dissection, and aggressive surgical therapy is recommended. The coexistence of type B dissection and ARSA is relatively rare, and the cause of this anomaly is unclear; however, some authors have reported that the acute angle of the ARSA weakens the aortic wall, inducing aortic dissection. Several surgical methods, such as thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), the frozen elephant trunk method, and open surgery, have been used to manage this lesion. Reconstruction of ARSA is challenging in any surgical procedure.

Case presentation
We present an uncommon case of coexistent type B aortic dissection and aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) in a 72-year-old man. Left anterolateral thoracotomy was chosen to treat the enlarged descending thoracic aortic aneurysm in this case; in situ reconstruction was difficult because the dissection involved the ARSA. Hence, preoperatively, a right common carotid artery (RCCA)-to-ARSA bypass was performed via the right supraclavicular approach, followed by thoracic descending aortic artery reconstruction. The prior RCCA-to-ARSA bypass allowed ligation of the central side of the ARSA, thereby securing a bloodless field in the distal anastomosis.

Conclusion
This lesion can be successfully repaired by open surgery with a two-stage approach: right common carotid artery-to-ARSA bypass followed by thoracic aortic replacement.
Changes in Practices After Implementation of a Patient Blood Management Program in French Surgical Departments: The National Multicenter Observational PERIOPES Study
Authors: Lasocki Sigismond , Belbachir Anissa , Mertes Paul-Michel , Le Pelley Eric , Bosch Laetitia , Bezault Clémence , Belarbia Samia , Capdevila Xavier 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND.
Patient blood management (PBM) is an evidence-based approach recommended to improve patient outcomes. Change in practices is often challenging. We report here data from French surgical departments before and after a standardized implementation of a PBM program.

METHODS.
This was a national, multicenter, observational study in surgical centers (“expert” centers with an already established protocol for preoperative anemia or “pilot” centers). Data from consecutive surgical patients of different specialties were retrieved before and after the implementation of a PBM program. Primary outcome variables (preoperative anemia treatment rates, transfusion rates, and length of hospital stay) before and after the implementation of a PBM program were analyzed with segmented regression adjusted on confounders (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] scores and centers).

RESULTS.
A total of 1618 patients (ASA physical status III and IV, 38% in the first period and 45% in the second period) were included in expert (N = 454) or pilot (N = 1164) centers during the first period (January 2017–August 2022) and 1542 (N = 440 and N = 1102, respectively) during the second period (January 2020–February 2023). After implementation of the PBM program, the rate of preoperative anemia treatment increased (odds ratio, 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–4.74; P = .0136) and length of hospital stay in days decreased (estimate, −0.11; 95% CI, −0.21 to −0.02; P = .0186). Transfusion rate significantly decreased only in expert centers (odds ratio, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03–0.88; P = .0354).

CONCLUSIONS.
PBM practices in various surgical specialties improved significantly after the implementation of a PBM program. However, too many patients with preoperative anemia remained untreated.