bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Willingness to take less medication for type 2 diabetes among older patients: The Diabetes & Aging Study
Authors: Haider Shanzay , Parker Melissa M. , Huang Elbert S. , Grant Richard W. , Moffet Howard H. , Laiteerapong Neda , Jain Rajesh K. , Liu Jennifer Y. , Lipska Kasia J. , Karter Andrew J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo examine the willingness of older patients to take less diabetes medication (de‐intensify) and to identify characteristics associated with willingness to de‐intensify treatment.MethodsSurvey conducted in 2019 in an age‐stratified, random sample of older (65–100 years) adults with diabetes on glucose‐lowering medications in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry. We classified survey responses to the question: “I would be willing to take less medication for my diabetes” as willing, neutral, or unwilling to de‐intensify. Willingness to de‐intensify treatment was examined by several clinical characteristics, including American Diabetes Association (ADA) health status categories used for individualizing glycemic targets. Analyses were weighted to account for over‐sampling of older individuals.ResultsA total of 1337 older adults on glucose‐lowering medication(s) were included (age 74.2 ± 6.0 years, 44% female, 54.4% non‐Hispanic white). The proportions of participants willing, neutral, or unwilling to take less medication were 51.2%, 27.3%, and 21.5%, respectively. Proportions of willing to take less medication varied by age (65–74 years: 54.2% vs. 85+ years: 38.5%) and duration of diabetes (0–4 years: 61.0% vs. 15+ years: 44.2%), both p < 0.001. Patients on 1–2 medications were more willing to take less medication(s) compared with patients on 10+ medications (62.1% vs. 46.6%, p = 0.03). Similar proportions of willingness to take less medications were seen across ADA health status, and HbA1c. Willingness to take less medication(s) was similar across survey responses to questions about patient‐clinician relationships.ConclusionsClinical guidelines suggest considering treatment de‐intensification in older patients with longer duration of diabetes, yet patients with these characteristics are less likely to be willing to take less medication(s).
Eyelash serums: A comprehensive review
Authors: Baiyasi Maya , St. Claire Kayla , Hengy Meredith , Tur Komal , Fahs Fatima , Potts Geoffrey 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundEyelash serums, both prescription and over‐the‐counter, are gaining popularity for enhancing the appearance of eyelashes through various biologically active molecules. Categorized into prostaglandin analogs and non‐prostaglandin analogs, these serums claim increased strength, length, luster, and thickness. Current United States law also requires no efficacy or safety assessments by the Food and Drug Administration before approving products for consumer use, potentially posing health risks for patients seeking over‐the‐counter eyelash enhancements.AimsOur aims include exploring proposed benefits and adverse effects associated with eyelash serums, while providing evidence‐based clinical recommendations on their use. We aim to contribute valuable insights to the understanding of eyelash serums and their respective safety considerations.MethodsThe authors conducted a comprehensive electronic search across databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar to evaluate eyelash serum ingredients. Articles were evaluated by two independent researchers for relevance, and the ingredients discussed were analyzed and given clinical recommendations for eyelash serums based off the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine.ResultsResults highlight bimatoprost's efficacy, supported by numerous studies evaluating safety and adverse effects. Other prostaglandin ingredients show potential benefits, but further studies are encouraged to enhance the understanding of respective safety profiles. While non‐prostaglandins ingredients show promising data, more studies are needed due to a lack of formal evidence in eyelash serum use.ConclusionAs the cosmeceutical market for eyelash serums is growing, dermatologists need to be knowledgeable about evidence‐based information regarding prescription and over‐the‐counter eyelash serum products before making recommendations to patients.
Factors related to preoperative anxiety in older patients with sensory impairment: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mo Kayeon , Kim Kisook 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo identify the factors related to preoperative anxiety in older adults with sensory impairment.DesignDescriptive quantitative research design.MethodsStudy participants were 120 older adults admitted to a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea to undergo eye or ear surgery. Data were collected from 11 February to 30 April 2023. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t‐tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 28.0. The study was reported following the STROBE checklist.ResultsPreoperative anxiety differed significantly according to gender (p = .002), average monthly household income (p < .001), subjective health status (p = .003), subjective vision loss (p = .004), one‐sided or both‐sided eye discomfort (p = .002), use of glasses (p = .010), subjective hearing loss (p = .022) and anxiety coping mechanisms (p < .001). The results of a multiple regression analysis on the significant variables identified that gender (β = .178, p = .036) and anxiety coping mechanisms (β = .336, p < .001) had the most significant effect on preoperative anxiety, with an explanatory power of 34.5%.ConclusionThe development and practical application of tailored nursing interventions catering to specific genders and anxiety coping mechanisms would contribute to reducing preoperative anxiety and providing efficient nursing care for older adults with sensory impairment.
Barriers and facilitators to patient education provided by nurses: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Wang Shuyi , Liu Ke , Tang Siyuan , Wang Guiyun , Qi Yanxia , Chen Qirong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the factors that facilitate or hinder nurses in providing patient education.DesignA mixed‐method systematic review.Data SourcesSix databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE and ERIC) were systematically searched for relevant publications.MethodsThe study was conducted following the JBI for mixed‐method systematic reviews, and the reporting followed the PRISMA guideline. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, literature evaluation, data extraction and synthesis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023427451.ResultsTwenty‐six eligible articles were included, including 15 quantitative articles, 10 qualitative articles and 2 mixed‐methods articles. The resultant synthesis of key findings led to the identification of these barriers and facilitators, categorised into five distinct levels: nurse‐related factors, organisational factors, patient‐related factors, the nurse–patient relationship and interdisciplinary collaboration.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the factors that facilitate or hinder nurses in providing patient education, suggesting that multifaceted interventions can enhance the practice of patient education in nursing and support the development of appropriate patient education guidelines or public policies.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis review delineates the facilitators and barriers influencing nurses' provision of patient education, offering an initial framework for nursing managers to craft interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of patient education provided by nurses, consequently elevating the overall quality of nursing.
Mealtime emotion work: Gendered politics of care and power at the table
Authors: Le Moal Fairley 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined how family members managed emotions ‐ or produced emotion work ‐ during family mealtimes and how this affected eating together in contexts where positive feeling rules, such as expectations of feeling happy together at the table, shaped commensality.BackgroundThe happy family meal ideology is widespread, but few studies have specifically investigated the way emotions are managed at the table.MethodsBased on 90 h of observations and 47 interviews with parents and children in 14 households across France and Australia, this ethnographic study examined emotions during family mealtimes. The data was analyzed using grounded theory.ResultsPositive feeling rules affected family mealtimes and led the mothers and fathers to produce significant, but different types of mealtime emotion work. The mothers were seen as caring, loving, and patient, whereas the fathers were seen as fun, but also impatient and authoritative. The lower the social class position of the family, the more parents distanced themselves from normative feeling rules—or from the happy family meal ideology—which meant emotions were not moderated as much.ConclusionThe type and intensity of emotion work repositioned parents in unequal roles of care and power relationships in relation to each other.ImplicationsThe amount and type of mealtime emotion work are key to understanding the barriers and burdens that families face when wanting to eat together.
Lived experiences of mental health nurses who care for clients who are parents: An approximation of Tronto's definition of care
Authors: Vives‐Espelta Judit , Ortega‐Sanz Laura , Ferré‐Grau Carme , Burjalés‐Martí Maria‐Dolors 
Published: March 2024

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject

Adult psychiatric services typically focus on the mental health needs of the client but they do not support his or her parenting role.

Many authors highlight the importance of a non‐judgmental approach when providing support and care to clients with mental illness who are parents.

Assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of these families were often overlooked.

There is a lack of scientific literature exploring nurses' experiences when caring for parents with mental illness and their families.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge

Trust is the basis that helps clients to be open to receiving care and answering parenting‐related questions. Therefore, without adequate professional‐client trust, some care and interventions addressed to parents with mental illness could be poorly received by the client.

Tronto's phases of care facilitated the collection of data and exploration of mental health nurses' experiences of care.

What are the implications for practice

Mental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, as described in the scientific literature, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique.

Mental health nurses must take the person's environment into account (family, social and political aspects and different forms of stigma) since all these factors may influence how parents with mental illness receive and provide care.

AbstractIntroductionMany authors highlight the importance of a non‐judgmental approach when providing care to parents with mental illness. However, assessments frequently focus on the negative aspects while the strengths of such families were often overlooked.AimTo explore the lived experiences of mental health nurses who care for clients who are parents.MethodWe conducted a qualitative phenomenological study. The main data collection technique was in‐depth interviews. Data were analysed according to Colaizzi model, subsequently, the main categories that arised were compared and related to the five phases of Tronto's care.ResultsThe main categories identified from the analysis of the interviews were: (1) individualized care, (2) continuity of care, (3) psychoeducation and counselling, (4) trust and (5) context of the client.DiscussionTrust is the basis that helps parents with mental illness to be open to receiving care and answering parenting‐related questions. Without trust, some interventions could be poorly received by the client.Implications for PracticeMental health nurses should be aware of the potential needs of these families, so they can include them in their assessments. They also should consider the need to individualize each care since each situation of a family with parental mental illness is unique.
The importance of personal factors in assessing quality of life
Authors: Brown Ivan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuality of life has emerged as a dominant concept in the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities, and has been conceptualized, measured, and applied in various ways. To date, the importance to quality of life assessment of personal factors that take on extraordinary prominence in people's lives has only been superficially recognized. This article argues that four main types of personal factors are sometimes extraordinarily prominent and consequently become dominant factors in assessing quality of life: those that are important to all people but have become particularly important to some individuals and families; those that are not very important to most people but are extremely important to some, often because of specific interests and talents; those that result from both positive and negative, often temporary, situations that emerge in life; and those that are a consequence of personal characteristics. It is purported that measurement and application methods that recognize the importance of personal quality of life factors need to be developed and used as a component of an overall quality of life paradigm.
The catastrophic break‐up of the ureilite parent body: Modeling constraints on the debris size
Authors: Patzer Andrea , Kowalski Julia , Di Rocco Tommaso , Pack Andreas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe ureilite parent body (UPB) was, in all likelihood, completely broken apart when hit by another object early in its history and reassembled into daughter bodies. We here present a study tailored to constrain the dimensions of the impact debris produced in the catastrophic disruption. Using a customized Python code to simulate the thermal evolution of the UPB fragments, we compared the FeO profiles modeled for different depths within those fragments with those measured across the reduction rims in olivines of 12 different ureilites (n = 37). Our profile data were fitted to the theoretical cooling profiles determined with a transient thermal model. The results are coherent and consistent with earlier studies and, despite using simplified boundary conditions (fragments described as ideal spheres and maximum radiation), our data provide valuable context on possible cooling pathways of the UPB debris. In detail, we found that the average depths within the given fragments from which our samples of ureilites originated were limited to 0.3–0.4 ± 0.1 m, with only few exceptions (e.g., one highly reduced sample lacked suitable reduction profiles suggesting either a depth of origin of >2 m or shielding of this fragment from rapid cooling, e.g., due to hovering in the center of a relatively dense cloud of debris). In addition, we calculated that the cooling from 1473 to 1100 K of the average fragment at the depth of our samples took no more than 3–4 days, suggesting that the reassembly of the ureilite daughter bodies could have been a very fast process.
Alternaria diseases on potato and tomato
Authors: Schmey Tamara , Tominello‐Ramirez Christopher S. , Brune Carolin , Stam Remco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlternaria spp. cause different diseases in potato and tomato crops. Early blight caused by Alternaria solani and brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata are most common, but the disease complex is far more diverse. We first provide an overview of the Alternaria species infecting the two host plants to alleviate some of the confusion that arises from the taxonomic rearrangements in this fungal genus. Highlighting the diversity of Alternaria fungi on both solanaceous hosts, we review studies investigating the genetic diversity and genomes, before we present recent advances from studies elucidating host–pathogen interactions and fungicide resistances.TaxonomyKingdom Fungi, Phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Pleosporales, Family Pleosporaceae, Genus Alternaria.Biology and host rangeAlternaria spp. adopt diverse lifestyles. We specifically review Alternaria spp. that cause disease in the two solanaceous crops potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). They are necrotrophic pathogens with no known sexual stage, despite some signatures of recombination.Disease symptomsSymptoms of the early blight/brown spot disease complex include foliar lesions that first present as brown spots, depending on the species with characteristic concentric rings, which eventually lead to severe defoliation and considerable yield loss.ControlGood field hygiene can keep the disease pressure low. Some potato and tomato cultivars show differences in susceptibility, but there are no fully resistant varieties known. Therefore, the main control mechanism is treatment with fungicides.
A type VI secretion system effector TseG of Pantoea ananatis is involved in virulence and antibacterial activity
Authors: Zhao Xiaozhen , Gao Lu , Ali Qurban , Yu Chenjie , Yuan Bingqin , Huang Hai , Long Juying , Gu Qin , Wu Huijun , Gao Xuewen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe type VI secretion system (T6SS) of many gram‐negative bacteria injects toxic effectors into adjacent cells to manipulate host cells during pathogenesis or to kill competing bacteria. However, the identification and function of the T6SS effectors remains only partly known. Pantoea ananatis, a gram‐negative bacterium, is commonly found in various plants and natural environments, including water and soil. In the current study, genomic analysis of P. ananatis DZ‐12 causing brown stalk rot on maize demonstrated that it carries three T6SS gene clusters, namely, T6SS‐1, T6SS‐2, and T6SS‐3. Interestingly, only T6SS‐1 secretion systems are involved in pathogenicity and bacterial competition. The study also investigated the T6SS‐1 system in detail and identified an unknown T6SS‐1‐secreted effector TseG by using the upstream T6SS effector chaperone TecG containing a conserved domain of DUF2169. TseG can directly interact with the chaperone TecG for delivery and with a downstream immunity protein TsiG for protection from its toxicity. TseG, highly conserved in the Pantoea genus, is involved in virulence in maize, potato, and onion. Additionally, P. ananatis uses TseG to target Escherichia coli, gaining a competitive advantage. This study provides the first report on the T6SS‐1‐secreted effector from P. ananatis, thereby enriching our understanding of the various types and functions of type VI effector proteins.
Determination of sensed and paced atrial‐ventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Bank Alan J. , Brown Christopher D. , Burns Kevin V. , Johnson Katie M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundOptimization of atrial‐ventricular delay (AVD) during atrial sensing (SAVD) and pacing (PAVD) provides the most effective cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We demonstrate a novel electrocardiographic methodology for quantifying electrical synchrony and optimizing SAVD/PAVD.MethodsWe studied 40 CRT patients with LV activation delay. Atrial‐sensed to RV‐sensed (As‐RVs) and atrial‐paced to RV‐sensed (Ap‐RVs) intervals were measured from intracardiac electrograms (IEGM). LV‐only pacing was performed over a range of SAVD/PAVD settings. Electrical dyssynchrony (cardiac resynchronization index; CRI) was measured at each setting using a multilead ECG system placed over the anterior and posterior torso. Biventricular pacing, which included multiple interventricular delays, was also conducted in a subset of 10 patients.ResultsWhen paced LV‐only, peak CRI was similar (93 ± 5% vs. 92 ± 5%) during atrial sensing or pacing but optimal PAVD was 61 ± 31 ms greater than optimal SAVD. The difference between As‐RVs and Ap‐RVs intervals on IEGMs (62 ± 31 ms) was nearly identical. The slope of the correlation line (0.98) and the correlation coefficient r (0.99) comparing the 2 methods of assessing SAVD‐PAVD offset were nearly 1 and the y‐intercept (0.63 ms) was near 0. During simultaneous biventricular (BiV) pacing at short AVD, SAVD and PAVD programming did not affect CRI, but CRI was significantly (p < .05) lower during atrial sensing at long AVD.ConclusionsA novel methodology for measuring electrical dyssynchrony was used to determine electrically optimal SAVD/PAVD during LV‐only pacing. When BiV pacing, shorter AVDs produce better electrical synchrony.
Are tropical forests approaching critical temperature thresholds?
Authors: Winter K. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThere is growing concern about the fate of tropical forests in the face of rising global temperatures. Doughty et al. (2023) suggest that an increase in air temperature beyond ∼4 °C will result in massive death of tropical forest leaves and potentially tree death. However, this prediction relies on assumptions that likely underestimate the heat tolerance of tropical leaves.
Discourse Production Across the Adult Lifespan: Microlinguistic Processes
Authors: Kim Hana , Kintz Stephen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuccessful spoken discourse requires a speaker to be informative to deliver a coherent, meaningful message. The informativeness of discourse can be conveyed by the variety of vocabulary produced (i.e., lexical diversity [LD]), the typicality of vocabulary items used (i.e., core lexicon [CL]), and the amount of relevant content produced (i.e., information units). Yet, it is well documented that older adults produce less informative content compared to younger adults despite relatively subtle changes to LD. The typicality of core lexical items has not been assessed in healthy aging. Paradoxically, these results indicate that some aspects of discourse informativeness remain stable or even improve across the adult lifespan, while other aspects decline. The purpose of the current study is to understand how microlinguistic processes of informativeness change across the adult lifespan. The cross‐sectional study included narrative language samples from two wordless picture books collected from 420 healthy participants between 20 and 89 years old. LD and percent of correct information units (%CIUs) were analyzed, as well as CL nouns and verbs. The results indicate that %CIUs and CL nouns demonstrate a quadratic decline starting around the ages of 40 and 60, respectively. LD shows a slight linear decline as a function of age. CL verbs are resistant to age‐related changes but are influenced greater by education. The differing findings across the microlinguistic measures can be explained by the weakened connections within the language system and the differential characteristics of the measures. The findings contribute to the aging literature by systematically identifying the trajectory of how variables of informativeness change with age.