bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Flexible Mouse Model of Autoimmune Thyroiditis Induced by Immunization with an Adenovirus Containing Full‐Length Thyroglobulin cDNA
Authors: Kozhakhmetova Aizhan , Tomer Yaron , Stefan‐Lifshitz Mihaela 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main challenge in the “post‐GWAS” era is to determine the functional meaning of genetic variants and their contribution to disease pathogenesis. Development of suitable mouse models is critical because disease susceptibility is triggered by complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that cannot be modeled by in vitro models. Thyroglobulin (TG) is a key gene for autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TG coding region have been associated with AITD. The classical model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT), based on immunization of genetically susceptible mouse strains with purified TG protein in adjuvant, does not allow testing the impact of TG sequence variants on the development of autoimmune thyroiditis. Here we describe a protocol for the induction of EAT by immunization of mice susceptible to thyroiditis with an adenovirus vector carrying full‐length human TG cDNA (Ad‐TG EAT). We also provide support protocols for evaluation of autoimmune thyroiditis including serological assessment of TG antibodies, in vitro splenocyte proliferation assay and cytokines secretion, thyroid histology, and evaluation of thyroid lymphocytic infiltration by immunostaining. This protocol for EAT induction allows manipulation of the TG cDNA to introduce variants associated with AITD, enabling the testing of the functional effects of susceptible variants and their haplotypes on the immunogenicity of TG. Furthermore, the Ad‐TG EAT mouse model is a valuable model for studying the interactions of the TG variants with non‐genetic factors influencing AITD development (e.g., cytokines, iodine exposure) or with variants of other susceptible genes (e.g., HLA‐DRβ1). © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Development of a mouse model of autoimmune thyroiditis induced by immunization with adenovirus containing full‐length thyroglobulin cDNASupport Protocol 1: Splenocytes isolationSupport Protocol 2: T cell stimulation and carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) based cell proliferation assaySupport Protocol 3: Cytokine assays: measuring levels of interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukins IL‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐10 in splenocyte supernatantsSupport Protocol 4: Evaluating thyroid histology and infiltration with immune cells: hematoxylin‐eosin staining of mice thyroid glandsSupport Protocol 5: Immunohistochemistry of thyroid tissues: Immunofluorescence protocol of paraffin‐embedded thyroid sectionsSupport Protocol 6: Anti‐thyroglobulin antibody measurement in mice sera by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Advances in Carbamazepine Cocrystals: A Review
Authors: Kalantri Sandesh S. , Yadav Manishkumar D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbamazepine (CBZ), a widely used antiepileptic drug, is known for its therapeutic efficacy but exhibits suboptimal physicochemical characteristics, including limited bioavailability, low solubility, and poor dissolution rates. In recent years, cocrystallization has emerged as a promising approach to improve these properties and enhance the overall performance of CBZ. This review paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the advances in CBZ cocrystals, focusing on their role in enhancing bioavailability, solubility/dissolution rates, morphology, and stability compared to raw CBZ. It delves into the in‐depth examination of computational techniques, such as molecular modelling and crystal structure prediction, that play a pivotal role in the rational design and prediction of CBZ cocrystals, thereby expediting the development process. Additionally, the morphological attributes of CBZ cocrystals are discussed, shedding light on how the unique crystal structures affect their physical properties. Stability is another critical aspect addressed in this review, encompassing thermal, physical, and chemical stability. The thermal behavior of CBZ cocrystals is analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and their crystal structures are characterized by techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These analyses reveal the stability and structural changes of CBZ cocrystals under various conditions, providing valuable insights for formulation and storage. In summary, this comprehensive review paper amalgamates the latest advancements in CBZ cocrystals, demonstrating their capacity to significantly improve bioavailability, solubility, dissolution rates, and stability.
Effectiveness of auditory distraction on the management of dental anxiety in patients undergoing tooth extraction at a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad
Authors: Qazi Sheze Haroon , Masoud Saba , Tariq Khadija , Khan Minahil , Emrani Reza , Ashraf Javed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to assess the effectiveness of anxiety reduction protocol using auditory distraction in alleviating dental anxiety among patients undergoing tooth extraction.Materials and MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Oral Surgery Department at Islamabad Dental Hospital from July to December 2022, involving 50 patients scheduled for tooth extraction. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: an interventional group, exposed to auditory distraction, and a noninterventional group, without exposure to auditory distraction before the dental extraction. Dental anxiety was measured using the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) questionnaire, which scores anxiety levels on a range from 5 (not anxious) to 25 (extremely anxious). Anxiety levels were assessed in the waiting room and just before extraction, and the results were compared across both groups to evaluate the effectiveness of auditory distraction in reducing dental anxiety.ResultsThe sample size of 50 was randomly and equally allocated to the interventional and noninterventional groups. The study population consisted of 28 (56%) female and 22 (44%) male participants. No significant difference was observed between the anxiety scores of interventional and noninterventional groups at baseline. A significant reduction in anxiety scores was observed in the intervention group during postintervention assessment, while no significant difference was seen in the noninterventional group's anxiety scores.ConclusionsThe study supports the efficacy of anxiety reduction protocol using auditory distraction as a practical tool for reducing dental anxiety among patients undergoing tooth extraction.
Mallampati score in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders: A pilot case‐control study
Authors: Mirmortazavi Amirtaher , Madani Azam Sadat , Hassanzadeh Saeed , Shakiba Reza 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTemporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is defined as any functional abnormalities in different parts of the face and neck. The Mallampati index is an indicator for determining the extent of airway blockage. No study has examined the relationship between TMD and Mallampati score. Most studies have investigated the relationship between temporomandibular joint problems and sleep problems. This pilot study aimed to assess the Mallampati index scores among TMD patients.Material and MethodsEighty‐four people were divided into the case (based on RDC/TMD) and control groups. Demographic information, neck circumference, tongue size, Mallampati score, and other variables were asked of people. STOP‐BANG and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were also completed for each patient. Data were analyzed with Chi‐square, Fisher's exact, and Mann–Whitney tests.ResultsThe Mallampati and PSQI questionnaire scores in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The results showed that larger tongue and neck circumference patients had a higher Mallampati score. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the Mallampati score had a direct and significant relationship with body mass index and PSQI (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results of this study show that Mallampati scores were significantly higher among patients with TMD than among healthy individuals.
The scholarship of honorifics
Authors: Davis John M. , Angle J. Scott , Ferl Robert J. , Gilbert Robert A. , Grunden Amy M. , Rials Tim G. , Senseman Scott A. , Thompson Gary A. , Toews Michael D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Nomination is a scholarly activity, not unlike writing a manuscript or grant proposal.
Nomination is elevated by recognizing both recipients and nominators.
A nominagraph adds a dimension to the pairwise listing of recipients and nominators on ASA/CSSA/SSSA directories.
Production of Biomass‐Derived p‐Hydroxybenzamide: Synthesis of p‐Aminophenol and Paracetamol
Authors: Karlen Steven D. , Timokhin Vitaliy I. , Sener Canan , Mobley Justin K. , Runge Troy , Ralph John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs we work to transition the modern society that is based on non‐renewable chemical feedstocks to a post‐modern society built around renewable sources of energy, fuels, and chemicals, there is a need to identify the renewable resources and processes for converting them to platform chemicals. Herein, we explore a strategy for utilizing the p‐hydroxybenzoate in biomass feedstocks (e. g., poplar and palm trees) and converting it into a portfolio of commodity chemicals. The targeted bio‐derived product in the first processing stage is p‐hydroxybenzamide produced from p‐hydroxybenzoate esters found in the plant. In the second stage a continuous reaction process converts the p‐hydroxybenzamide to p‐aminophenol via the Hofmann rearrangement and recovers the unreacted p‐hydroxybenzamide. In the third stage the p‐aminophenol can be acetylated to form paracetamol, which is readily isolated by liquid/liquid extraction at >95 % purity and an overall p‐hydroxybenzamide‐to‐paracetamol process yield of ~90 %. We explore how utilization of protecting groups alters the challenges in this process and expands the portfolio of possible products to include p‐(methoxymethoxy)aniline and N‐acetyl‐p‐(methoxymethoxy)aniline. These target compounds could become value‐added renewably‐sourced platform chemicals that could be used to produce biodegradable plastics, pigments, and pharmaceuticals.
A new shadow resistance to frequency converter as a read‐out circuit for resistive sensors
Authors: Al‐Absi Muneer A. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis paper presents a new resistance to frequency converter. The design is based on a shadow signal generator that produces square and triangular waveforms. The oscillator frequency can be changed using an external circuit (shadow oscillator). This method will make the conversion speed better than the conventional oscillators, and the frequency varies linearly with the resistance variation. The circuit is built using widely available commercial integrated circuits, and powered from a ±5‐V DC supply. The recommended setup is suitable for instrumentation where the oscillation frequency is directly proportional to the variation in the resistance of the sensor. The functionality of the proposed design was confirmed by experimentation and simulation. The oscillation's frequency can be changed to be nearly 10 times greater than its starting value, according to the results.
Examining the impact of prenatal maternal internalizing symptoms and socioeconomic status on children's frontal alpha asymmetry and psychopathology
Authors: Hernandez Alexis , Sania Ayesha , Bowers Maureen E. , Leach Stephanie C. , McSweeney Marco , Yoder Lydia , Fifer William , Elliott Amy J. , Shuffrey Lauren , Rauh Virginia , Him Deana Around , Fox Nathan A. , Morales Santiago 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrenatal maternal internalizing psychopathology (depression and anxiety) and socioeconomic status (SES) have been independently associated with higher risk for internalizing and externalizing problems in children. However, the pathways behind these associations are not well understood. Numerous studies have linked greater right frontal alpha asymmetry to internalizing problems; however, findings have been mixed. Several studies have also linked maternal internalizing psychopathology to children's frontal alpha asymmetry. Additionally, emerging studies have linked SES to children's frontal alpha asymmetry. To date, only a limited number of studies have examined these associations within a longitudinal design, and the majority have utilized relatively small samples. The current preregistered study utilizes data from a large prospective study of young children (N = 415; Meanage = 7.27 years; Rangeage = 5–11 years) to examine the association between prenatal maternal internalizing symptoms, children's frontal alpha asymmetry, and behavior problems. Prenatal maternal internalizing symptoms did not predict children's frontal alpha asymmetry, and there was no association between frontal alpha asymmetry and behavior problems. However, mothers’ internalizing symptoms during pregnancy predicted children's internalizing and externalizing outcomes. Non‐preregistered analyses showed that lower prenatal maternal SES predicted greater child right frontal alpha asymmetry and internalizing problems. Additional non‐preregistered analyses did not find evidence for frontal alpha asymmetry as a moderator of the relation between prenatal maternal internalizing psychopathology and SES to children's behavior problems. Future research should examine the impact of SES on children's frontal alpha asymmetry in high‐risk samples.
Functional movement variability to maintain delivery speed in cricket fast bowling
Authors: Andrews Max H. , Gorman Adam D. , Crowther Rian H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFast bowling in cricket involves a complex multiarticular action performed at high speed. Functional movement variability plays an important role in helping the performer to maintain the consistency of performance outcomes, although this has not previously been examined in cricket fast bowling in relation to maintaining consistent delivery speed. Therefore, this study investigated how variability of delivery stride movement timings contributes to maintaining consistent bowling speed. Footage of six deliveries from 92 male fast bowlers were analyzed. Delivery speed was recorded, and the time of back foot contact, front foot contact and ball release were identified. The variability of movement timings and the delivery speed were determined using the coefficient of variation. Results showed greater variability in delivery stride movement timings compared to delivery speed. These findings suggest that bowlers may use movement variability to adjust their functional movement coordination pattern during the bowling action to achieve consistent bowling speed.
Are pre‐race serum blood biomarkers associated with the 24‐h ultramarathon race performance?
Authors: Amatori Stefano , Sisti Davide , Bertuccioli Alexander , Rocchi Marco B.L. , Luchetti Francesca , Nasoni Maria Gemma , Papa Stefano , Citarella Roberto , Perroni Fabrizio , Benedetti Serena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe 24‐h ultramarathon (UM) race is one of the most demanding competitive sports in terms of muscular and physiological exertion. In this context, predictors of UM athletes' physical performance are in high demand; however, data on the predictive capabilities of hematological variables are still sparse. In the present paper, we retrospectively took into consideration the pre‐race blood biomarker levels (including basic blood count, leukocyte subpopulations, markers of inflammation and organ function, metabolic profile, and electrolytes) of 50 UM athletes (M = 33, F = 17) who completed a 24‐h competition in order to identify a combination of analytes capable of predicting the athletic performance in terms of distance covered during the 24‐h run. The multiple regression analysis produced a model that explained a significant portion of the variance in the dependent variable, with an adjusted R‐squared value of 0.783 (F(13, 36) = 14.58, p < 0.001). A greater race distance was correlated with higher pre‐race values of hematocrit, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol, HDL/LDL ratio, and triglycerides and lower levels of monocytes, eosinophils, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT), total proteins, and sodium. This study represents the first of its kind conducted on 24‐h UM athletes that investigated the association between blood markers and endurance performance. Our model, given its promising predictive power, would serve as a starting point that will require refinement and integration with other traditional performance prediction measures, in order to support athletes and coaches in better managing the training loads during the race‐approaching phases.
Emergence of lingual dystonia and strabismus in early‐onset SCN8A self‐limiting familial infantile epilepsy
Authors: Ancora Caterina , Ortigoza‐Escobar Juan Dario , Valletti Margherita Aluffi , Furia Francesca , Nielsen Jens Erik Klint , Møller Rikke S. , Gardella Elena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPathogenic variants in SCN8A are associated with a broad phenotypic spectrum, including Self‐Limiting Familial Infantile Epilepsy (SeLFIE), characterized by infancy‐onset age‐related seizures with normal development and cognition. Movement disorders, particularly paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia typically arising after puberty, may represent another core symptom. We present the case of a 1‐year‐old girl with a familial disposition to self‐limiting focal seizures from the maternal side and early‐onset orofacial movement disorders associated with SCN8A‐SeLFIE. Brain MRI was normal. Genetic testing revealed a maternally inherited SCN8A variant [c.4447G > A; p.(Glu1483Lys)]. After the introduction of valproic acid, she promptly achieved seizure control as well as complete remission of strabismus and a significant decrease in episodes of tongue deviation. Family history, genetic findings, and epilepsy phenotype are consistent with SCN8A‐SeLFIE. Movement disorders are an important part of the SCN8A phenotypic spectrum, and this case highlights the novel early‐onset orofacial movement disorders associated with this condition. The episodes of tongue deviation and protrusion suggest focal oromandibular (lingual) dystonia. Additionally, while infantile strabismus or esophoria is a common finding in healthy individuals, our case raises the possibility of an ictal origin of the strabismus. This study underscores the importance of recognizing and addressing movement disorders in SCN8A‐SeLFIE patients, particularly the rare early‐onset orofacial manifestations. It adds to the growing body of knowledge regarding the diverse clinical presentations of SCN8A‐associated disorders and suggests potential avenues for clinical management and further research.
Privacy‐preserving WiFi‐based crowd monitoring
Authors: Rusca Riccardo , Carluccio Alex , Casetti Claudio , Giaccone Paolo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe process of estimating the number of individuals within a defined area, commonly referred to as people counting, is of paramount importance in the realm of safety, security and crisis management. It serves as a crucial tool for accurately monitoring crowd dynamics and facilitating well‐informed decision‐making during critical situations. In our current study, we place a special emphasis on the utilization of the WiFi fingerprint technique, leveraging probe request messages emitted by smart devices as a proxy for people counting. However, it is essential to recognize the evolving landscape of privacy regulations and the concerted efforts by major smart‐device manufacturers to enhance user privacy, exemplified by the introduction of MAC addresses randomization techniques. In this context, we designed a crowd monitoring solution that exploits Bloom filters for ensuring a formal deniability, aligning with the stringent requirements set forth by regulations like the European GDPR. Our proposed solution not only addresses the essential task of people counting but also incorporates advanced privacy‐preserving mechanisms. Importantly, it seamlessly integrates with trajectory‐based crowd monitoring, offering a comprehensive approach to managing crowds while respecting individual privacy rights.
Forecasting Consumer Price Index with Federal Open Market Committee Sentiment Index
Authors: Eklund Joshua , Kim Jong‐Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is a component of the Federal Reserve System responsible for overseeing open market operations. The FOMC meets roughly eight or more times per year to assess the economy of the United States. After each meeting, the FOMC releases a statement to the press outlining its assessment of the US economy and its monetary policy stance. The sentiment of these statements may have an influence on the US economy and financial markets. Using sentiment and correlational analyses, this research examines how the sentiment of these statements affects the US economy and financial markets by analyzing how FOMC statement sentiment is correlated with the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the National Financial Conditions Index (NFCI), and the Adjusted National Financial Conditions Index (ANFCI). We find evidence to suggest that there is a moderate negative correlation between an FOMC statement's sentiment and the US City Average CPI value associated with the month before and the month after the statement's release. We also find that there is no evidence to suggest there exists a correlation between an FOMC statement's sentiment and the NFCI value associated with the week before or the week after the statement's release. However, we do find evidence to suggest that there is a moderate negative correlation between an FOMC statement's sentiment and the ANFCI value associated with the week before and the week after the statement's release. We also found that out of the three models we tested (linear regression, vine copula regression, and Gaussian copula regression), the Gaussian copula regression model performs the best when forecasting the CPI and the ANFCI. Additionally, we find that when forecasting CPI values, the models that include FOMC statement sentiment are more accurate than the models that exclude FOMC statement sentiment.
Valorization of tea waste: Composition, bioactivity, extraction methods, and utilization
Authors: Çakmak Tümay Gözdem , Saricaoglu Beyza , Ozkan Gulay , Tomas Merve , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTea is the most consumed beverage worldwide and has many health effects. Although there are many different types of tea, black tea and green tea comprise 98% of total tea production in the world. Tea waste production consists of withering, crushing, fermentation, drying and finally packaging processes. All of the waste generated during this production line is called tea waste. Tea production results in a significant amount of waste that cannot be effectively used for value creation. This waste contains many different components including protein, fiber, caffeine, and polyphenols. Due to its rich composition, it can be revalorized for different purposes. In this study, the general composition and bioactive compounds of tea waste were reviewed. Despite the fact that there have been few studies on the bioactivity of tea waste, those studies have also been discussed. The extraction techniques that are used to separate the compounds in the waste are also covered. It has been indicated that these valuable compounds, which can be separated from tea wastes by extraction methods, have the potential to be used for different purposes, such as biogas production, functional foods, food additives, silages, soluble packaging materials, and adsorbents. Although there are some studies on the revalorization of tea waste, new studies on the extraction of bioactive compounds are necessary to improve its utilization potential.