bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematical and functional improvements of trigger digits after sonographically assisted percutaneous release of the A1 pulley
Authors: Kuo Li‐Chieh , Su Fong‐Chin , Tung Wen‐Lin , Lai Kuan‐Yin , Jou I‐Ming 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe present evidence of kinematic and functional improvements of the trigger digit after sonographically assisted percutaneous release using quantitative motion analyses and functional assessments, respectively. Twenty‐two patients with idiopathic trigger digits, who received the surgery, were recruited. A motion tracking system was used to measure the assigned kinematics parameters at the presurgical visit and at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after surgery. The hand strength and functional outcome were also obtained using dynamometer and self‐report questionnaire assessments. The hand strength, maximal workspace, and joint range of motion of the involved digit were significantly smaller than that of the intact finger on the contralateral hand before surgery. The triggering phenomenon of the involved digit was significantly higher than that of the corresponding finger in the intact hand using a subscribed angular acceleration factor. The repeated measures showed that the workspace, joint range of motion, hand strength, and triggering effect of the involved hand significantly improved in follow‐up examinations after the surgical intervention. Painful movement or insufficient tendon excursion of the trigger digit can cause loss of movement and strength, thus interfering with functional performance. After the disappearance of the pain and triggering by sonographically assisted percutaneous release, improvements in kinematics and function were objectively quantified in this study. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 891–896, 2009
Relevance of bone graft viability in a goat transverse process model
Authors: Kruyt Moyo C. , Delawi Diyar , Habibovic Pamela , Oner F. Cumhur , van Blitterswijk Clemens A. , Dhert Wouter J.A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractLittle is known about the mechanism by which autologous bone grafts are so successful. The relevance of viable osteogenic cells, which is a prominent difference between autologous bone graft and conventional alternatives, is especially controversial. With the emergence of bone tissue engineering, knowledge of the exact role of these cells has become crucial. The most obvious question to answer is whether viability of the graft has an effect on bone formation. In the current study, we investigated this effect of bone graft viability in a transverse process model that represents the initial bone formation in posterolateral spinal fusion. Eight goats received viable and devitalized autologous bone grafts in chambers mounted on the decorticated lumbar transverse processes. In addition, five goats received empty chambers. Histology and histomorphometry were performed after a 12‐week implantation, and the dynamics of bone formation was monitored by sequential fluorochrome labeling. An obvious qualitative effect of viability was demonstrated by the presence of early onset osteogenesis distant from the transverse process bone in the viable grafts only. Quantitative analysis indicated about 30% more bone in the viable grafts, however, this difference was not statistically significant. In the empty chambers, bone was found in comparable quantities. We conclude that there is a qualitative advantage of graft viability in terms of early graft‐derived osteogenesis. However, this advantage did not lead to significantly more bone formation in the viable bone grafts. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27: 1055–1059, 2009
A mathematical analysis and elucidation of AB(2k,1ϕ) thermophotochromic kinetics: Analytical solutions using pure kinetic data and considering as unknown the rate constants, quantum yield, and both species' spectra
Authors: Maafi Mounir , Brown Robert G. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA new spectrokinetic method is described that determines the absolute values of all five unknown parameters (εA, εB, ϕAB, kAB, kBA) of AB(2k,1ϕ) thermophotoreactive chromic systems. For the first time, solely kinetic data are used to perform complete analytical elucidations. Also, the method addresses realistic situations by considering that both absorption spectra of the reactive species are unknown and partially or totally overlap, solving the identifiability problem, and using a single set of experimental data (for the thermal and photochemical reactions). The absolute values for the five unknown parameters that make up the true kinetic solution are readily obtained by the application of five analytically defined algebraic equations. The method is independent of experimental conditions relating to initial concentration, temperature, threshold of incident light intensity, and the wavelength at which the kinetic traces are measured. The detailed mathematical algorithm also allows the determination of the reaction quantum yield at any (isosbestic and nonisosbestic) irradiation wavelength and proposes a new colorability expression for these systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 255–264, 2009
Kinetics of the mercury(II)‐catalyzed substitution of coordinated cyanide ion in hexacyanoruthenate(II) by nitroso‐R‐salt
Authors: Naik Radhey M. , Agarwal Abhinav , Verma Amit K. , Yadav Shiv Bali S. , Kumar Basant 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe kinetics and mechanism of Hg2+‐catalyzed substitution of cyanide ion in an octahedral hexacyanoruthenate(II) complex by nitroso‐R‐salt have been studied spectrophotometrically at 525 nm (λmax of the purple‐red–colored complex). The reaction conditions were: temperature = 45.0 ± 0.1°C, pH = 7.00 ± 0.02, and ionic strength (I) = 0.1 M (KCl). The reaction exhibited a first‐order dependence on [nitroso‐R‐salt] and a variable order dependence on [Ru(CN)64−]. The initial rates were obtained from slopes of absorbance versus time plots. The rate of reaction was found to initially increase linearly with [nitroso‐R‐salt], and finally decrease at [nitroso‐R‐salt] = 3.50 × 10−4 M. The effects of variation of pH, ionic strength, concentration of catalyst, and temperature on the reaction rate were also studied and explained in detail. The values of k2 and activation parameters for catalyzed reaction were found to be 7.68 × 10−4 s−1 and Ea = 49.56 ± 0.091 kJ mol−1, ΔH≠ = 46.91 ± 0.036 kJ mol−1, ΔS≠ = −234.13 ± 1.12 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. These activation parameters along with other experimental observations supported the solvent assisted interchange dissociative (Id) mechanism for the reaction. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 215–226, 2009
Rate constants and transition‐state geometry of reactions of alkyl, alkoxyl, and peroxyl radicals with thiols
Authors: Denisov Evgeny , Chatgilialoglu Crissostomos , Shestakov Aleksander , Denisova Taisa 
Published: January 2009

AbstractEnthalpy, activation energy, and rate constant of 9 alkyl, 3 acyl, 3 alkoxyl, and 9 peroxyl radicals with alkanethiols, benzenethiol, and L‐cysteine are calculated. The intersection parabolas model is used for activation energy calculations. Depending on the structure of attacking radical, the activation energy of reactions with alkylthiols varies from 3 to 43 kJ mol−1 for alkyl radicals, from 7 to 9 kJ mol−1 for alkoxyl, and from 18 to 35 kJ mol−1 for peroxyl radicals. The influence of adjacent π‐bonds on activation energy is estimated. The polar effect is found in reactions of hydroxyalkyl and acyl radicals with alkylthiols. The steric effect is observed in reactions of alkyl radicals with tert‐alkylthiols. All these factors are characterized via increments of activation energy. Quantum chemical calculations of activation energy and geometry of transition state were performed for model reactions: C•H3 + CH3SH, CH3O• + CH3SH, and HO2• + CH3SH with using density functional theory and Gaussian‐98. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 284–293, 2009
A system of variational inequalities arising from finite expiry Russian option with two regimes
Authors: Yang Zhou 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this paper we consider a system of variational inequalities arising from the value of finite expiry Russian option with two regimes. We achieve the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the problem. Moreover, we show that the free boundaries are infinitely differentiable and monotonic with respect to time and some parameters in this system, as well as the mutual relationship between the solutions in two regimes. Moreover, we establish the bound of the free boundaries and analyze their property as time converges to infinite. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
QALE‐FEM for numerical modelling of non‐linear interaction between 3D moored floating bodies and steep waves
Authors: Ma Q. W. , Yan S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper presents further development of the quasi arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element method (QALE‐FEM) based on a fully non‐linear potential theory to numerically simulate non‐linear responses of 3D moored floating bodies to steep waves. In the QALE‐FEM (recently developed by the authors and applied to 2D floating bodies), the complex unstructured mesh is generated only once at the beginning of calculation and is moved to conform to the motion of boundaries at other time steps by using a robust spring analogy method specially suggested for these kind of problems, avoiding the necessity of high‐cost remeshing. In order to tackle challenges associated with 3D floating bodies, several new numerical techniques are developed in this paper. These include the technique for moving the mesh near body surfaces, the scheme for calculating velocity on 3D body surfaces and the modified semi‐implicit time integration method for floating bodies procedure (ISITIMFB‐M) that is more efficient for dealing with the full coupling between waves and bodies. Using the newly developed techniques and methods, various cases for 3D floating bodies with motions of up to six degrees of freedom (DoFs) are simulated. These include a SPAR platform, a barge‐type floating body and one or two Wigley Hulls in head seas or in oblique waves. For some selected cases, the numerical results are compared with experimental data available in the public domain and satisfactory agreements are achieved. Many results presented in this paper have not been found elsewhere to the best knowledge of the authors. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear and adaptive frame approximation schemes for elliptic PDEs: Theory and numerical experiments
Authors: Dahlke Stephan , Fornasier Massimo , Primbs Miriam , Raasch Thorsten , Werner Manuel 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article is concerned with adaptive numerical frame methods for elliptic operator equations. We show how specific noncanonical frame expansions on domains can be constructed. Moreover, we study the approximation order of best n‐term frame approximation, which serves as the benchmark for the performance of adaptive schemes. We also discuss numerical experiments for second order elliptic boundary value problems in polygonal domains where the discretization is based on recent constructions of boundary adapted wavelet bases on the interval. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2009
Numerical simulations for two‐dimensional stochastic incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations
Authors: Lu Jun‐Xiang , Ma Yi‐Chen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article mainly concerns modeling the stochastic input and its propagation in incompressible Navier‐Stokes(N‐S) flow simulations. The stochastic input is represented spectrally by employing orthogonal polynomial functionals from the Askey scheme as trial basis to represent the random space. A standard Galerkin projection is applied in the random dimension to derive the equations in the weak form. The resulting set of deterministic equations is then solved with standard methods to obtain the mean solution. In this article, the main method employs the Hermite polynomial as the basis in random space. Numerical examples are given and the error analysis is demonstrated for a model problem. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2010
A systematic review of research examining benzodiazepine‐related mortality
Authors: Charlson Fiona , Degenhardt Louisa , McLaren Jennifer , Hall Wayne , Lynskey Michael 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPurposeThis paper will review literature examining the association of benzodiazepine use and mortality.MethodsAn extensive literature review was undertaken to locate all English‐language published articles that examine mortality risk associated with use of benzodiazepines from 1990 onwards.ResultsSix cohort studies meeting the criteria above were identified. The results were mixed. Three of the studies assessed elderly populations and did not find an increased risk of death associated with benzodiazepine use, whereas another study of the general population did find an increased risk, particularly for older age groups. A study of a middle aged population found that regular benzodiazepine use was associated with an increased mortality risk, and a study of ‘drug misusers’ found a significant relationship between regular use of non‐prescribed benzodiazepines and fatal overdose. Three retrospective population‐based registry studies were also identified. The first unveiled a high relative risk (RR) of death due to benzodiazepine poisoning versus other outcomes in patients 60 or older when compared to those under 60. A positive but non‐significant association between benzodiazepine use and driver‐responsible fatalities in on‐road motor vehicle accidents was reported. Drug poisoning deaths in England showed benzodiazepines caused 3.8% of all deaths caused by poisoning from a single drug.ConclusionOn the basis of existing research there is limited data examining independent effects of illicit benzodiazepine use upon mortality. Future research is needed to carefully examine risks of use in accordance with doctors' prescriptions and extra‐medical use. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
School‐based interventions for students with substance abuse
Authors: Burrow‐Sanchez Jason J. , Jenson William R. , Clark Elaine 
Published: January 2009

AbstractExperimentation with substances is typical for many young people, but unfortunately some will go on to develop substance abuse problems that substantially affect their lives. Successfully intervening with students who use or abuse substances is a challenge for school mental health professionals across the nation. There is a need for evidence‐based practices that school professionals can use when working with students who have substance abuse problems. This article provides school professionals in secondary settings with current information on student substance use rates, evidence‐based individual and group interventions, and discussion of the 42 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 2 (42 CFR). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Scopira: an open source C++ framework for biomedical data analysis applications
Authors: Demko Aleksander B. , Pizzi Nick J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn many biomedical research laboratories, data analysis and visualization algorithms are typical prototypes using an interpreted programming language. If performance becomes an issue, they are ported to C and integrated with interpreted systems, not fully utilizing object‐oriented software development. This paper presents an overview of Scopira, an open source C++ framework suitable for biomedical data analysis and visualization. Scopira provides high‐performance end‐to‐end application development features, in the form of an extensible C++ library. This library provides general programming utilities, numerical matrices and algorithms, parallelization facilities, and graphical user interface elements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cluster‐chain‐based context transfer mechanism for fast basic service set transition in the centralized wireless LAN architecture
Authors: Huang Chung‐Ming , Li Jian‐Wei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe emergence of centralized WLAN architectures is proposed to solve the problems of large scale deployment of WLANs. In the centralized WLAN, access point (AP) is split into two pieces: wireless termination point (WTP), and access controller (AC). An AC is the centralized controller for a large number of WTPs. A station (STA) has the demand to move from one WTP to another within the same extended service set (ESS). Such behavior is called a basic service set (BSS) transition. In this paper, we propose the cluster‐chain‐based context (C3T) mechanism with a cluster member selection (CMS) algorithm to reduce the BSS transition delay in the centralized WLAN architecture. The proposed mechanism can have lower signaling cost for context transfer and does not have the ping‐pong problem comparing with the existing context transfer schemes in terms of BSS transition, such as the proactive neighbor caching (PNC) scheme, the configuration and provisioning for wireless APs handoff protocol (CAPWAPHP), and so on. Furthermore, since the original 802.11r fast BSS transition does not specify how to work in the centralized WLAN architecture, we incorporate the C3T mechanism into IEEE 802.11r that works in the centralized WLAN architecture. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Path quality detection algorithms for near optimal geographic routing in sensor networks with obstacles
Authors: Moraru Luminita , Leone Pierre , Nikoletseas Sotiris , Rolim Jose 
Published: January 2009

AbstractGeographic routing scales well in sensor networks, mainly due to its stateless nature. Most of the algorithms in this area are concerned with guaranteeing a path toward the destination in the context of any network topology, while the optimality of the path is of little interest. In this paper, we are presenting a novel geographic routing algorithm with obstacle avoidance properties. It aims at finding the optimal path from a source to a destination when some areas of the network are unavailable for routing due to low local density or obstacle presence. It locally and gradually with time (but, as we show, quite fast) evaluates and updates the quality of the previously used paths and ignores non‐optimal paths for further routing. By means of extensive simulations, we are comparing its performance to existing state of the art protocols, showing that it performs much better in terms of path length and hop count thus minimizing latency, overall traffic and energy consumption. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Securing multi‐operator‐based QoS‐aware mesh networks: requirements and design options
Authors: Askoxylakis I. , Bencsáth B. , Buttyán L. , Dóra L. , Siris V. , Szili D. , Vajda I. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWireless mesh networking allows network operators and service providers to offer nearly ubiquitous broadband access at a low cost to customers. In this paper, we focus on QoS‐aware mesh networks operated by multiple operators in a cooperative manner. In particular, we identify the general security requirements of such networks and we give an overview on the available design options for a security architecture aiming at satisfying those requirements. More specifically, we consider the problems of mesh client authentication and access control, protection of wireless communications, securing the routing, key management, and intrusion and misbehavior detection and recovery. Our aim is to structure this rich problem domain and to prepare the grounds for the design of a practically usable security architecture. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced access control in hybrid MANETs through utility‐based pre‐authentication control
Authors: Martinez Pedro Miguel Ruiz , Lopez Rafael Marin , Ros Francisco J. , Martinez Juan A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe study the issue of efficient network access control in mobilead hocnetworks (MANETs) with Internet connectivity through static gateways. This research issue is interesting in many scenarios, specially those in which operators deploy the MANET as an access network to their infrastructure.The goal is to provide a mechanism allowing Internet gateways to accept only authorized traffic without jeopardizing the overall network performance. Unlike traditional schemes in whichad hocnodes need to get authenticated with their new gateway as they move around, we propose a solution based on pre‐authentication. It uses utility‐based optimal control to decide with which gateways to pre‐authenticate over time. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms traditional schemes over a variety of scenarios and network parameters. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Newton's Early Thoughts on Planetary Motion: A Fresh Look
Authors: Whiteside Derek T. 
Published: January 2009

The conventional view of the prehistory of Newton's synthesis in the Principia of his predecessors' work in planetary theory and terrestrial gravitation is still not seriously changed from that which Newton himself chose to impose on his contemporaries at the end of his life. In his own words:‘… the same year ‘1666’ I began to think of gravity extending to ye orb of the Moon & having found out how to estimate the force wth wch [a] globe revolving within a sphere presses the surface of the sphere from Keplers rule of the periodical times of the Planets being in a sesquialterate proportion of their distances from the centers of their Orbs, & having deduced that the forces wch keep the Planets in their orbs must [be] reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centers about wch they revolve: & thereby compared the force requisite to keep the Moon in her Orb with the force of gravity at the surface of the earth, & found them answer pretty nearly …’
The True Inventors of the Keratoscope and Photo-Keratoscope
Authors: Levene John R. 
Published: January 2009

SynopsisAs early as 1670 Isaac Barrow and Isaac Newton, at Cambridge, were aware of the production of astigmatism by oblique pencils of rays on a spherical lens. Thomas Young (1800) and G. B. Airy (1825) independently discovered ocular astigmatism. By viewing the image of objects reflected on the anterior surface of the cornea, the cornea may be examined for any defects of its surface (including astigmatism). The corneal “reflex” had been examined as early as 1619 by Christoph Scheiner, and as a “clinical” test, by using a candle flame, by David Brewster (1808). An instrument (the keratoscope) for examining the anterior surface of the cornea for the detection of abnormality was first invented by Henry Goode (1847) of Cambridge University. Antonio Plácido, formerly credited with the invention, independently invented a keratoscope in 1880. Correspondence of Plácido and Emile Javal (Paris) reveals that Placido invented the photo-keratoscope, formerly attributed to Allvar Gullstrand (1896) in Sweden. Javal is credited with the first description of the application of a photo-keratoscope (independently invented by him) in a specific case of ocular abnormality.