bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint cooperative caching and power control for UAV-assisted internet of vehicles
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Liu Yang , Dai Yusheng , He Yixin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn view of the current problems of spectrum resource scarcity, return congestion, and insufficient energy utilization in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted Internet of Vehicles (IoV), this paper investigates the cooperative caching and power control, and proposes a joint optimization method to improve the overall Energy Efficiency (EE) . In this method, we first propose a communication establishment threshold to control the V2V communication distance and serve as a joint optimization factor. Then we derive the closed form expressions of offloading ratio and EE of the UAV-assisted IoV, and formulate the optimization problem of maximizing EE. Due to the coupling relationship between caching strategy and transmission power, it is difficult for us to directly solve the optimization problem. Furthermore, we propose an alternating optimization algorithm for solving the optimization problem. Finally, the experimental simulation compare the propose joint optimization method with other existing optimization methods, and the simulation results prove the effectiveness and superiority of the propose joint optimization method.
Evaluation of liver transplantation services in Kazakhstan from 2012 to 2023
Authors: Semenova Yuliya , Beyembetova Altynay , Shaisultanova Saule , Asanova Aruzhan , Sailybayeva Aliya , Altynova Sholpan , Pya Yuriy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere is a scarcity of publications evaluating the performance of the national liver transplantation (LTx) program in Kazakhstan. Spanning from 2012 to 2023, it delves into historical trends in LTx surgeries, liver transplant centers, and the national cohort of patients awaiting LTx. Survival analysis for those awaiting LTx, using life tables and Kaplan–Meier, is complemented by time series analysis projecting developments until 2030. The overall per million population (pmp) LTx rate varied from 0.35 to 3.77, predominantly favoring living donor LTx. Liver transplant center rates ranged from 0.06 to 0.40. Of 474 LTx patients, 364 on the waiting list did not receive transplantation. The 30-day and 1-year survival rates on the waiting list were 87.0% and 68.0%, respectively. Viral hepatitis and cirrhosis prevalence steadily rose from 2015 to 2023, with projections indicating a persistent trend until 2030. Absent targeted interventions, stable pmp rates of LTx and liver transplant centers may exacerbate the backlog of unoperated patients. This study sheds light on critical aspects of the LTx landscape in Kazakhstan, emphasizing the urgency of strategic interventions to alleviate the burden on patients awaiting transplantation.
Potassium augments growth, yield, nutrient content, and drought tolerance in mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek.)
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Sarker Umakanta , Azam Mohammad Golam , Hossain Jamil , Alam Mohammad Ashraful , Ullah Riaz , Bari Ahmed , Hossain Nazmul , El Sabagh Ayman , Islam Mohammad Sohidul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUneven rainfall and high temperature cause drought in tropical and subtropical regions which is a major challenge to cultivating summer mung bean. Potassium (K), a major essential nutrient of plants can alleviate water stress (WS) tolerance in plants. A field trial was executed under a rainout shelter with additional K fertilization including recommended K fertilizer (RKF) for relieving the harmful impact of drought in response to water use efficiency (WUE), growth, yield attributes, nutrient content, and yield of mung bean at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishwardi, Pabna in two successive summer season of 2018 and 2019. Drought-tolerant genotype BMX-08010-2 (G1) and drought-susceptible cultivar BARI Mung-1 (G2) were grown by applying seven K fertilizer levels (KL) using a split-plot design with three replications, where mung bean genotypes were allotted in the main plots, and KL were assigned randomly in the sub-plots. A considerable variation was observed in the measured variables. Depending on the different applied KL and seed yield of mung bean, the water use efficiency (WUE) varied from 4.73 to 8.14 kg ha−1 mm−1. The treatment applying 125% more K with RKF (KL7) under WS gave the maximum WUE (8.14 kg ha−1 mm−1) obtaining a seed yield of 1093.60 kg ha−1. The treatment receiving only RKF under WS (KL2) provided the minimum WUE (4.73 kg ha−1 mm−1) attaining a seed yield of 825.17 kg ha−1. Results showed that various characteristics including nutrients (N, P, K, and S) content in stover and seed, total dry matter (TDM) in different growth stages, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), root volume (RV), root density (RD), plant height, pod plant−1, pod length, seeds pod−1, seed weight, and seed yield in all pickings increased with increasing K levels, particularly noted with KL7. The highest grain yield (32.52%) was also obtained from KL7 compared to lower K with RKF. Overall, yield varied from 1410.37 kg ha−1 using 281 mm water (KL1; well-watered condition with RKF) to 825.17 kg ha−1 using 175 mm water (KL2). The results exhibited that the application of additional K improves the performance of all traits under WS conditions. Therefore, mung beans cultivating under WS requires additional K to diminish the negative effect of drought, and adequate use of K contributes to accomplishing sustainable productivity.
A new TROP2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate shows potent antitumor efficacy in breast and lung cancers
Authors: Zhou Dan-dan , Zhai Xiao-tian , Zhang Lan-wen , Xie Zi-hui , Wang Ying , Zhen Yong-su , Gao Rui-juan , Miao Qing-fang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTrophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop2) is considered to be an attractive therapeutic target in cancer treatments. We previously generated a new humanized anti-Trop2 antibody named hIMB1636, and designated it as an ideal targeting carrier for cancer therapy. Lidamycin (LDM) is a new antitumor antibiotic, containing an active enediyne chromophore (AE) and a noncovalently bound apoprotein (LDP). AE and LDP can be separated and reassembled, and the reassembled LDM possesses cytotoxicity similar to that of native LDM; this has made LDM attractive in the preparation of gene-engineering drugs. We herein firstly prepared a new fusion protein hIMB1636-LDP composed of hIMB1636 and LDP by genetic engineering. This construct showed potent binding activities to recombinant antigen with a KD value of 4.57 nM, exhibited binding to Trop2-positive cancer cells and internalization and transport to lysosomes, and demonstrated powerful tumor-targeting ability in vivo. We then obtained the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) hIMB1636-LDP-AE by molecular reconstitution. In vitro, hIMB1636-LDP-AE inhibited the proliferation, migration, and tumorsphere formation of tumor cells with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values at the sub-nanomolar level. Mechanistically, hIMB1636-LDP-AE induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. In vivo, hIMB1636-LDP-AE also inhibited the growth of breast and lung cancers in xenograft models. Moreover, compared to sacituzumab govitecan, hIMB1636-LDP-AE showed more potent antitumor activity and significantly lower myelotoxicity in tumors with moderate Trop2 expression. This study fully revealed the potent antitumor efficacy of hIMB1636-LDP-AE, and also provided a new preparation method for LDM-based ADC, as well as a promising candidate for breast cancer and lung cancer therapeutics.
Inflammatory pathways confer resistance to chemoradiotherapy in anal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Martin D. , Rödel F. , Hehlgans S. , Looso M. , Ziegler P. K. , Fleischmann M. , Diefenhardt M. , Fries L. , Kalinauskaite G. , Tinhofer I. , Zips D. , Gani C. , Rödel C. , Fokas E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is associated with immunosuppression and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Response to standard chemoradiotherapy (CRT) varies considerably. A comprehensive molecular characterization of CRT resistance is lacking, and little is known about the interplay between tumor immune contexture, host immunity, and immunosuppressive and/or immune activating effects of CRT. Patients with localized ASCC, treated with CRT at three different sites of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) were included. Patient cohorts for molecular analysis included baseline formalin fixed paraffin embedded biopsies for immunohistochemistry (n = 130), baseline RNA sequencing (n = 98), peripheral blood immune profiling (n = 47), and serum cytokine measurement (n = 35). Gene set enrichment analysis showed that pathways for IFNγ, IFNα, inflammatory response, TNFα signaling via NF-κB, and EMT were significantly enriched in poor responders (all p < 0.001). Expression of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1), both on mRNA and protein levels, was associated with reduced Freedom from locoregional failure (FFLF, p = 0.037) and freedom from distant metastasis (FFDM, p = 0.014). An increase of PD-L1 expression on CD4+ T-cells (p < 0.001) and an increase in HLA-DR expression on T-cells (p < 0.001) was observed in the peripheral blood after CRT. Elevated levels of regulatory T-cells and CXCL2 were associated with reduced FFLF (p = 0.0044 and p = 0.004, respectively). Inflammatory pathways in tissue in line with elevated levels of regulatory T-cells and CXCL2 in peripheral blood are associated with resistance to CRT. To counteract this resistance mechanism, the RADIANCE randomized phase-2 trial currently tests the addition of the immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab to standard CRT in locally advanced ASCC.
Between hope and reality: treatment of genetic diseases through nucleic acid-based drugs
Authors: Baylot Virginie , Le Thi Khanh , Taïeb David , Rocchi Palma , Colleaux Laurence 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRare diseases (RD) affect a small number of people compared to the general population and are mostly genetic in origin. The first clinical signs often appear at birth or in childhood, and patients endure high levels of pain and progressive loss of autonomy frequently associated with short life expectancy. Until recently, the low prevalence of RD and the gatekeeping delay in their diagnosis have long hampered research. The era of nucleic acid (NA)-based therapies has revolutionized the landscape of RD treatment and new hopes arise with the perspectives of disease-modifying drugs development as some NA-based therapies are now entering the clinical stage. Herein, we review NA-based drugs that were approved and are currently under investigation for the treatment of RD. We also discuss the recent structural improvements of NA-based therapeutics and delivery system, which overcome the main limitations in their market expansion and the current approaches that are developed to address the endosomal escape issue. We finally open the discussion on the ethical and societal issues that raise this new technology in terms of regulatory approval and sustainability of production.
Martensite decomposition during rapid heating of Ti-6Al-4V studied via in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Authors: Oh Seunghee A. , Aroh Joseph W. , Lamprinakos Nicholas L. , Chuang Chihpin Andrew , Bucsek Ashley N. , Rollett Anthony D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMartensite, α‘, commonly appears in Ti-6Al-4V upon rapid cooling from above the β-transus temperature. It is known that α‘ decomposes into α and β at high temperatures but well below the β-transus temperature. Here, we study the decomposition of martensitic Ti-6Al-4V under rapid laser heating, employing in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction. A comparison is made with post-annealed Ti-6Al-4V under heating to elucidate changes without martensite decomposition. The fast acquisition of X-ray diffraction data at 250 Hz temporally resolves the decomposition process initiated by annihilating dislocations in α‘. The recovery process is accompanied by structural changes in martensite, followed by the phase transformation to β. Thermal profiles estimated from the lattice parameter data reveal the influence of heating rates and dislocation densities on the decomposition process. Throughout the analysis of the diffraction profiles with respect to estimated temperature, we propose a straightforward method for approximating the initiation temperature of martensite decomposition.
Detecting material state changes in the nucleolus by label-free digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Zorbas Christiane , Soenmez Aynur , Léger Jean , De Vleeschouwer Christophe , Lafontaine Denis LJ 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRibosome biogenesis is initiated in the nucleolus, a multiphase biomolecular condensate formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. The nucleolus is a powerful disease biomarker and stress biosensor whose morphology reflects function. Here we have used digital holographic microscopy (DHM), a label-free quantitative phase contrast microscopy technique, to detect nucleoli in adherent and suspension human cells. We trained convolutional neural networks to detect and quantify nucleoli automatically on DHM images. Holograms containing cell optical thickness information allowed us to define a novel index which we used to distinguish nucleoli whose material state had been modulated optogenetically by blue-light-induced protein aggregation. Nucleoli whose function had been impacted by drug treatment or depletion of ribosomal proteins could also be distinguished. We explored the potential of the technology to detect other natural and pathological condensates, such as those formed upon overexpression of a mutant form of huntingtin, ataxin-3, or TDP-43, and also other cell assemblies (lipid droplets). We conclude that DHM is a powerful tool for quantitatively characterizing nucleoli and other cell assemblies, including their material state, without any staining.
On a class of column‐weight 3 decomposable LDPC codes with the analysis of elementary trapping sets
Authors: Raeisi G. , Gholami M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA column‐weight LDPC code with the parity‐check matrix is called decomposable if there exists a permutation on the rows of , such that can be decomposed into column‐weight one matrix. In this paper, some variations of edge coloring of graphs are used to construct some column‐weight three decomposable LDPC codes with girths at least six and eight. Applying the presented method on several known classes of bipartite graphs, some classes of column‐weight three decomposable LDPC codes are derived having flexibility in length and rate. Interestingly, the constructed parity‐check matrices based on the proper edge coloring of graphs can be considered as the base matrix of some high rate column‐weight three quasi‐cyclic (QC) LDPC codes with maximum‐achievable girth 20. The paper also leads to a simple characterization of elementary trapping sets of the decomposable codes based on the chromatic index of the corresponding normal graphs. This characterization corresponds to a simple search algorithm finds all possible existing elementary trapping sets in a girth‐6 or girth‐8 column‐weight 3 LDPC code which are layered super set of a short cycle in the Tanner graph of the code. Simulation results indicate that the QC‐LDPC codes with large girths lifted from the constructed base matrices have good performances over AWGN channel.
Capacity configuration optimization of photovoltaic‐battery‐electrolysis hybrid system for hydrogen generation considering dynamic efficiency and cost learning
Authors: Zhang Wenzuo , Xu Chuanbo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGreen hydrogen production via photovoltaic (PV)‐electrolysis is a promising method for addressing global climate change. The battery provides a stable power supply for the PV‐electrolysis system. Hence, this study proposes a robust model for configuring the capacity of a PV‐battery‐electrolysis hybrid system by considering the dynamic efficiency characteristics and cost learning curve effect of key equipments. As a segmented function, the dynamic efficiency of electrolysis is incorporated into the robust model, which describes the hydrogen production efficiency based on power fluctuations. A learning curve model is developed based on historical data from 2012 to 2020 to predict future capital expenditure. Major results are as follows: (1) The use of dynamic efficiency characteristics can reflect the real‐time status of the electrolysis more accurately, and make the capacity configuration more reasonable compared with fixed efficiency. (2) Considering the effect of the learning curve, by 2050, the capital expenditure of the PV panel and proton exchange membrane electrolysis can be dropped to 2981 and 1992 CNY/kW, respectively. (3) The optimal case considering uncertainty currently is a 1 MW PV panel equipped with 242 kW electrolysis and 2276 kW battery.
Sublimation of volatiles from H2O:CO2 bulk ices in the context of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Authors: Ligterink N. F. W. , Kipfer K. A. , Rubin M. , Altwegg K. , Hänni N. , Müller D. R. , Wurz P. , Galli A. , Wampfler S. F. 
Published: April 2024

Context. The ROSINA instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft measured, among others, the outgassing of noble gases from comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. The interpretation of this dataset and unravelling underlying desorption mechanisms requires detailed laboratory studies.
Aims. We aim to improve our understanding of the desorption patterns, trapping, and fractionation of noble gases released from the H2O:CO2-dominated ice of comet 67P.
Methods. In the laboratory, ice films of neon, argon, krypton, or xenon (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) mixed in CO2:H2O were prepared at 15 K. Temperature-programmed desorption mass spectrometry is employed to analyse the desorption behaviour of the noble gases. Mass spectrometric ROSINA data of 67P were analysed to determine the fraction of argon associated with CO2 and H2O, respectively.
Results. CO2 has a significant effect on noble gas desorption behaviour, resulting in the co-release of noble gases with CO2, decreasing the amount of noble gas trapped within water, shifting the pure phase noble gas peak desorption temperature to lower temperatures, and prolonging the trapping of neon. These effects are linked to competition for binding sites in the water ice and the formation of crystalline CO2. Desorption energies of the pure phase noble gas release were determined and found to be higher than those previously reported in the literature. Enhancement of the Ar/Kr and Ar/Xe ratios are at best 40% and not significantly influenced by the addition of CO2. Analysis of ROSINA mass spectrometric data shows that the fraction of argon associated with H2O is 0.53 ± 0.30, which cannot be explained by our laboratory results.
Conclusions. Multicomponent ice mixtures affect the desorption behaviour of volatiles compared to simple binary mixtures and experiments on realistic cometary ice analogues are vital to understanding comet outgassing.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) with Refractive and Diffractive Extended Depth of Focus (EDOF) Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Banerjee Shalini , Kaufmann Claude , Tinner Chiara , Iselin Katja , Amstutz Christoph Andreas , Hedinger Ying-Yu Melody , Schmid Martin K. , Thiel Michael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background Extended depth of focus intraocular lenses (EDOF-IOLs) provide unaided far- and mid-range vision. Refractive IOLs, in contrast to diffractive designs, are associated with a lower depth of focus and absence of dysphotopsia. The aim of this study was to assess spectacle independence for far-range, mid-range, and near-vision activities in patients after implantation of refractive or diffractive EDOF-IOLs using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in a real-world setting.
Patients and Methods In 2021 and 2022, all patients in a single center referred for bilateral cataract surgery were assigned to 7 experienced cataract surgeons who either bilaterally implanted only a diffractive EDOF-IOL (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, AT LARA Jena, Germany, three surgeons) or refractive EDOF-IOL (Johnson & Johnson Vision Inc., Tecnis Eyhance Irvine, California, USA, four surgeons) at the surgeonʼs discretion, with the aim of bilateral emmetropia. Six months after both cataract surgeries, all patients were contacted by telephone and asked to report their outcomes using a structured questionnaire investigating their spectacle usage for various daily activities and their experience with night glare or halos. Inclusion criteria were a normal postoperative visual potential based on the preoperative examination and completion of the questionnaire regarding postoperative visual experience.
Results Of the patients, 514 underwent bilateral cataract surgery aiming for bilateral emmetropia with the implantation of EDOF-IOLs (422 with Tecnis Eyhance and 92 with AT LARA). A complete questionnaire was obtained from 472 (92%) patients, who were included in the study (393 vs. 79). Comparing Tecnis Eyhance with AT LARA IOL, 54 vs. 57% patients were able to perform most of their daily activities without spectacles, 9 vs. 19% reported not being dependent on spectacles at all, 25 vs. 29% reported using their smartphones without spectacles, 15 vs. 49% patients reported experiencing glares or halos at night, and 1 vs.15% with driving disturbance. Overall, 95 vs. 93% patients described themselves as “satisfied” or “highly satisfied” with their IOL.
Conclusions With both types of EDOF-IOLs, the majority of patients could perform most of their daily activities without spectacles, except reading, and were highly satisfied with their IOLs. Patients with diffractive Zeiss AT LARA EDOF-IOLs were more likely to accomplish unaided near-range visual tasks; however, they were also at a higher risk of experiencing glares or halos at night.