bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nahrungsmittelallergien durch immunologische Kreuzreaktionen / Food allergies caused by immunological cross reactions Leitlinie der Arbeitsgruppe Nahrungsmittelallergie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAI) und des Ärzteverbandes Deutscher Allergologen (ÄDA) (Stand: 16.08.2004)
Authors: Henzgen Margot , Vieths Stefan , Reese Imke , Erdmann Stephan , Fuchs Thomas , Jäger Lothar , Kleine-Tebbe Jörg , Lepp Ute , Niggemann Bodo , Saloga Joachim , Vieluf Ines , Zuberbier Torsten , Werfel Thomas 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Grundlage für die Mehrzahl IgE-vermittelter Nahrungsmittelallergien im Erwachsenenalter sind kreuzreagierende Allergene. Ähnliche Molekülstrukturen in Inhalations- und Nahrungsmittelallergenen bedingen die Bildung kreuzreagierender IgE-Antikörper. Damit wird infolge der Sensibilisierung gegen ein Kreuzallergen, meist primär ein Inhalationsallergen, ein ganzes Spektrum an Sensibilisierungen ausgelöst, und bereits der Erstkontakt mit dem Nahrungsmittel kann eine anaphylaktische Reaktion provozieren. Die größte Bedeutung haben pollenassoziierte Nahrungsmittelallergien, wobei die baumpollenassoziierten Allergien am besten untersucht sind.
Für die klinische Praxis reicht es nicht aus, mittels immunologischer Tests eine Kreuzreaktion nachzuweisen, sondern es muss zwischen einer Sensibilisierung ohne klinische Relevanz und einer klinischen Manifestation der Allergie unterschieden werden, weswegen bei unklarer Anamnese die Durchführung oraler Provokationstests notwendig wird.
Dass baumpollenassoziierte Nahrungsmittelallergien durch die spezifische Immuntherapie mit Baumpollen eine Besserung erfahren können, zeigen einige offene Studien an Baumpollenallergikern. Wenigstens 50% dieser Patienten mit zusätzlichen Symptomen auf Nahrungsmittel beobachteten unter der Immuntherapie neben einer Besserung der polleninduzierten Beschwerden auch einen positiven Einfluss auf die Nahrungsmittelallergie. Allerdings stehen plazebokontrollierte Studien aus.
Angesichts der Zunahme der Pollenallergien, der Verschiebung des Sensibilisierungsspektrums und einer Änderung unserer Essgewohnheiten muss mit neuen, bisher unbekannten Kreuzreaktionen gerechnet werden.
Envelope Remediation—A Case Study in Support of an Over-Cladding Approach
Authors: Lawrence Jared B. , Johnson Paul G. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This paper addresses a case study in which a contemporary, high-performance glass curtain wall and a composite metal panel cladding system were installed over an existing failed 1960s masonry wall with aluminum windows. In addition to consideration of the typical performance requirements for air and water infiltration and thermal insulation, the new wall systems were designed to meet glass shard retention requirements and to accommodate improvements to the structural frame required by the General Services Administration. These performance requirements were all met while creating a more inviting exterior appearance, improving the interior work environment, extending the building’s service life, and reducing energy consumption. Problems of the original design and construction, extent of previous remediation attempts, findings of the investigation of the existing building, and the development of remediation options are discussed to provide background to selection of the over-cladding approach for remediation. Opportunities and limitations posed by the existing building, LEED requirements, glass shard retention, construction strengthening, full and uninterrupted occupancy, as well as other challenges inherent in the over-cladding of an existing high-rise building on a tight urban site are identified and discussed, and positive results are identified.
Application of thermodynamics and kinetics in the designing of new type TRIP steels concerning Al and P effects
Authors: Li L. , Huang S. G. , Wang L. , He Y. L. , Vleugels J. , Van der Biest O. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The influence of C and Al content on phase transformation temperatures is investigated by dilatometric analysis. With the new set of experimental data, an updated thermodynamic description of the Fe-Al-C system is presented, using the thermodynamic data of the limiting binaries and the parameters for the Fe-Al-C ternary system optimized by some of the present authors. A well reproduced vertical section of the Fe-Mn-Si-Al-C system is also presented according to the thermodynamic description of the lower order systems. For the development of P containing transformation induced plasticity steel, the possibility of phosphorous segregating at grain boundary is discussed by thermodynamics as well as kinetics. Lower critical temperature is estimated for the steel to obtain the starting temperature of fast cooling. To understand the minimum rate of fast cooling, pearlite growth kinetics is calculated with self-developed diffusion coefficients of elements at the grain boundary. Over-aging temperature is tentatively determined through the calculation of T0 temperature by both equilibrium and para-equilibrium assumptions.
An Efficient Numerical Algorithm for the Prediction of Thermal and Microstructure Fields during Quenching of Steel Rods
Authors: Ali S. K. , Hamed M. S. , Lightstone M. F. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This paper presents a new, more efficient numerical algorithm that has been developed to predict thermal and microstructure fields during quenching of steel rods. The present algorithm solves the full nonlinear heat conduction equation using a central finite-difference scheme coupled with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta nonlinear solver. Numerical results, obtained using the present algorithm, have been validated using experimental data and numerical results available in the literature. In addition to its accurate predictions, the present algorithm does not require iteration; hence, it is computationally more efficient than previous numerical algorithms.
Nostalgia and Cultural Memory in Barber's Knoxville: Summer of 1915
Authors: Taylor Benedict 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Samuel Barber's “lyric rhapsody” for soprano and orchestra, Knoxville: Summer of 1915 (1947), is one of his most celebrated and complicated pieces. The most ostensibly backward-looking, nostalgic work of this “conservative,” neoromantic composer, Knoxville is yet atypical of Barber in that by most accounts it is the most American piece in an oeuvre otherwise rarely seen as touched by national flavor. Dating from an era just recovering from the cataclysm of World War II, Knoxville can be seen as conjuring a gentler age, a state of lost innocence, which as its subsequent reception has showed proved an enduring site of cultural memory. And this work that appeals to so many as an embodiment of collective national identity is simultaneously wrapped up in a highly personal response by Barber to a text of James Agee with a deeply autobiographical meaning for author and composer. Knoxville: Summer of 1915 offers a rich source of insight into Barber's music and aesthetics, in its constructions of memory and nostalgia at both a personal, autobiographical level and broader cultural one. Excavating these layers reveals a fuller picture of the composer and what his music has been taken to mean, exposing the relationship between Barber's private world and wider cultural movements and his often understated politics.
Who Wrote Hermann Abert's W. A. Mozart?
Authors: Solomon Maynard 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
In undertaking his 1919–21 revision of Otto Jahn's monumental W. A. Mozart, Hermann Abert argued the case for a complete overhaul of that book's allegedly outmoded methodology and content; and in keeping with the purportedly sweeping extent of his revision, Abert represented himself, confusingly, as both author and editor of the new edition. The stage was thus set for general acceptance of an erroneous notion that Abert had all but completely dismantled Jahn's book and erected a new one in its place. Reinforcing this persisting yet patently false impression, the recently published English edition, prepared by Cliff Eisen and translated by Stewart Spencer, omits the original author's name altogether from the title page, effectively completing the unjustified transfer of authorship from Jahn to Abert—unjustified in that despite Abert's claims of drastic revision, unacknowledged correspondences with the original are virtually ubiquitous. Comparison of pre- and post-Abert editions reveals the previously unrecognized extent of the later scholar's reliance on his predecessor. In addition to retaining Jahn's many-layered, elegant structure for the book, Abert has lifted many passages almost verbatim; and there are numerous others where he has merely rephrased Jahn's ideas without significantly altering the original content. Paradoxically, given Abert's wholesale expropriations, we may regard his celebrated endeavor to modernize Jahn as evidence for the enduring vitality of Jahn's extraordinary accomplishment.
Multiplex obliterative vascular disease. Challenge in diagnostics and in treatment
Authors: Szomják Edit , Dér Henrietta , Kerekes György , Veres Katalin , Tóth Judit , Olvasztó Sándor , Herczku Csaba , Soltész Pál 
Published: November 2008

A perifériás artériás érbetegség napjainkban is aluldiagnosztizált kórkép. Kialakulásában és progressziójában számos befolyásolható és nem befolyásolható rizikótényező bír szereppel. Mint rendszerbetegség részjelensége és indikátora is lehet fatális kimenetelű cardio- és cerebrovascularis eseményeknek.
Esetismertetés:
A betegség multilokularitását jól példázza a szerzők által ismertetett 73 éves férfi beteg esete, akinél egyidejű carotisérintettség és az alsó végtagok kritikus végtagischaemiáját okozó és aortobifemoralis bypassra szoruló eltérés mellett a szív vonatkozásában többszörös, mechanikai szövődménnyel társult infarktus, inoperábilis coronariastátus, valamint implantálható cardioverter defibrillátort igénylő kamrai ritmuszavar volt jelen.
Következtetések:
A perifériás artériás érbetegek kezelése során mindenképpen számolni kell a betegség teljes érrendszert involváló természetével, és a körültekintő, komplex terápia mellett is számítani kell a betegség progressziójára, súlyos cardialis, valamint cerebralis események bekövetkeztére, amelyek a beteg halálához is vezethetnek.
Cirrhosis and cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy?
Authors: Déry Levente , Galambos Zoltán , Kupcsulik Péter , Lukovich Péter 
Published: November 2008

Napjainkban az epehólyag-kövesség esetében a laparoszkópos cholecystectomia a standard műtéti megoldás. Az ellenjavallatok köre csökkent, ma már nem számít egyértelmű kontraindikációnak például a korábbi hasi műtét, a súlyos epehólyag-gyulladás, illetve a graviditás sem. A laparoszkópos technika előnye és haszna májcirrhoticus betegek esetében még bizonytalan.
Módszer és betegek:
A Semmelweis Egyetem I. Sebészeti Klinikáján 1996 és 2006 között 52, májcirrhosisban szenvedő és epehólyag-kövesség miatt műtétre került beteg adatait dolgozták fel retrospektív tanulmány formájában. A nő-férfi arány 2,7:1, az átlagéletkor 58,5 év (31–87) volt. A betegek Child szerinti megoszlása: A = 36, B = 14 és C = 2. Huszonhárom hagyományos (open cholecystectomia – OC) és 29 laparoszkópos (LC) cholecystectomiát végeztek, az utóbbiak közül 4 esetben konverzióra kényszerültek.
Eredmények:
Az átlagos műtéti idő Child A, B cirrhoticus betegeknél LC esetében 86,5 perc, hagyományos műtétnél 86,21 perc volt. Child C cirrhoticus betegeknél mindkét esetben nyílt cholecystectomia történt, az átlagos műtéti idő 81,5 perc volt. Posztoperatív szövődmény (Child A, B) 8 esetben fordult elő (LC/1, OC/7), míg a Child C pácienseknél mindkét esetben. Az átlagos kórházi tartózkodás 7,6 (LC), illetve 12,45 (OC) nap volt. Ugyanez a Child C betegeknél 28 napra emelkedett. A posztoperatív szakban 4 beteget vesztettek el, mindegyikük nyílt cholecystectomián esett át, Child B (3 beteg), illetve Child C (1 beteg) stádiumú májcirrhosisban szenvedett, és befolyásolhatatlan hepatorenalis szindróma alakult ki.
Következtetés:
Eredményük alapján kompenzált, Child A és B stádiumú cirrhoticus betegeknél az LC biztonságos eljárás. Bár a májcirrhosis a műtéti kockázatot extrém mértékben megnöveli, valamint a szövődmények lehetőségét, a hospitalizációt és a műtét idejét is emeli, a cirrhoticus betegek szimptómás cholelithiasisa egyértelmű műtéti javallatot képez.
Lipedema, a hardly known disease: diagnosis, associated illnesses and therapy
Authors: Wenczl Enikő , Daróczy Judit 
Published: November 2008

A lipoedema gyakori, mégis ritkán diagnosztizált vagy számos esetben tévesen elhízásnak véleményezett betegség, amely csaknem kizárólag a nőket érinti. A subcutan zsírszövet szimmetrikus, körülírt, előrehaladott stádiumban torzító felszaporodása jellemzi elsősorban a lábakon, amely lokálisan nyirokoedemával társul. Spontán és nyomásra a bőr fájdalmas, a kis bőrerek rupturája gyakori. A vastag láb, amely igen gyakori panasz, egyik lehetséges oka a lipoedema. Fontos elkülöníteni az obesitas és a lipohypertrophia mellett a primer és a szekunder nyirokoedemától. Gyakran társul krónikus vénás és lymphás elégtelenséggel, korai degeneratív ízületi elváltozásokkal és elhízással. A tünetegyüttest sokszor nem ismerik fel, és a kezelési lehetőségek széles körben nem ismertek. A kezelés nélkül maradt betegek igen frusztrálónak érzik az állapotukat, ami pszichés zavarokhoz vezet. A közelmúltig kizárólag konzervatív kezelés (manuális vagy intermittáló pneumatikus drenázs, kompresszió és gyógytorna kombinációja) volt lehetséges. Napjainkban ez kiegészült sebészi kezeléssel (zsírleszívás). A lipoedema jelentőségét meghatározza a hozzá társuló, illetve az általa szekunder módon okozott társbetegségek (ízületi betegségek, vénás betegségek, nyirokoedema, obesitas, pszichés zavarok) együttese. A betegség prognózisa annál rosszabb, minél több betegség kombinálódik. Ennek megelőzése és késleltetése érdekében elengedhetetlen a kórkép felismerése és a lipoedemás betegek szakszerű kezelése és gondozása.
THE TRANS‐ATLANTIC HISTORY OF DIVERSITY AND BODY SIZE IN ECOLOGICAL GUILDS
Authors: Vermeij Geerat J. , Dietl Gregory P. , Reid David G. 
Published: November 2008

Geographically separate biotas often show differences in species composition, diversity, and adaptations. Such differences, which often reflect historical differences in regimes of productivity and selection, have received little attention from ecologists. Here we concentrate on diversity and maximum body size in 18 guilds of shallow‐water marine shell‐bearing mollusks and barnacles from the European and North American sides of the temperate North Atlantic. These guilds represent suspension‐feeders (epifaunal, shallow infaunal, and deep infaunal), chemosymbiotic bivalves, predators, and grazers. Geographic patterns among Recent guilds were compared to those during Pliocene and early Miocene time in order to determine how diversity and maximum size changed over the last 17 million years in the face of high levels of extinction and species invasion.Recent European guilds are generally more diverse than their American counterparts, a finding consistent with previous biota‐wide analyses. Diversity within Pliocene guilds was often higher on the American side, but this stems in part from the large subtropical component in preserved temperate Pliocene guilds in Virginia but not in Europe.The largest species in hard‐bottom guilds in Europe reach greater sizes than those in comparable American guilds, but for sand‐bottom guilds, American species almost always attain greater sizes than their European counterparts. These size differences have changed little since early Miocene time despite high levels of Pliocene and Pleistocene extinction in invasion, particularly on the American side. Large‐bodied species are overrepresented among both extinct and invading lineages, meaning that lineage replacement has been the rule for the largest species in guilds on both sides of the Atlantic.Together with previous studies, these results may imply that sand‐bottom environments in North America have been more productive and have experienced more far‐reaching escalation between shell‐bearing species and their predators than their European counterparts since early Miocene time. The Pliocene to Recent record of hard‐bottom guilds implies that productivity and/or escalation in these systems may have been higher on the European side than in eastern North America. Shallow‐water guilds on opposite sides of the Atlantic have retained differences despite great upheavals caused by extinctions and invasions during the last 3 million years.
Few-electron semiconductor quantum dots with Gaussian confinement
Authors: Gomez Sergio , Romero Rodolfo 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We have performed Hartree-Fock calculations of the electronic structure of N ≤ 10 electrons in a quantum dot modeled with a confining Gaussian potential well. We discuss the conditions for the stability of N bound electrons in the system. We show that the most relevant parameter determining the number of bound electrons is V
0
R
2. Such a feature arises from widely valid scaling properties of the confining potential. Gaussian Quantum dots having N = 2, 5, and 8 electrons are particularly stable in agreement with the Hund rule. The shell structure becomes less and less noticeable as the well radius increases.
Assessment of Data Quality of and Staff Satisfaction with an Electronic Health Record System in a Developing Country (Uganda)
Authors: Ndira S.P. , Rosenberger K.D. , Wetter T. 
Published: November 2008

Summary

Objectives:
To assess if electronic health record systems in developing countries can improve on timeliness, availability and accuracy of routine health reports and staff satisfaction after introducing the electronic system, compared to the paper-based alternative.

Methods:
The research was conducted with hospital staff of Tororo District Hospital in Uganda. A comparative intervention study with qualitative and quantitative methods was used to compare the paper-based (pre-test) to the electronic system (post-test) focusing on accuracy, availability and timeliness of monthly routine reports about mothers visiting the hospital; and staff satisfaction with the electronic system as outcome measures.

Results:
Timeliness: pre-test 13 of 19 months delivered to the district timely, delivery dates for six months could not be established; post-test 100%. Availability: pretest 79% of reports were present at the district health office; post-test 100%. Accuracy: pre-test 73.2% of selected reports could be independently confirmed as correct; post-test 71.2%. Difficulties were encountered in finding enough mothers through direct follow up to inquire on accuracy of information recorded about them. Staff interviews showed that the electronic system is appreciated by the majority of the hospital staff. Remaining obstacles include staff workload, power shortages, network breakdowns and parallel data entry (paper-based and electronic).

Conclusion:
While timeliness and availability improved, improvement of accuracy could not be established. Better approaches to ascertaining accuracy have to be devised, e.g. evaluation of intended use. For success, organizational, managerial and social challenges must be addressed beyond technical aspects.
PET/CT in Cancer
Authors: Vach W. , Høilund-Carlsen P.F. , Gerke O. 
Published: November 2008

Summary

Objectives:
When the combined diagnostic imaging technique PET/CT is considered promising with respect to diagnosis/staging of a certain cancer type, a systematic investigation by means of clinical diagnostic studies in the target population is necessary to evaluate the usefulness of PET/CT compared to the current standard. It is often difficult to decide in advance whether it is appropriate to plan a superiority or non-inferiority study. We propose a statistical analysis strategy which is flexible enough to cope with both aims alike.

Methods:
In opposition to clinical studies on drugs, each patient can be subjected to both PET/CT and the current standard, leading to paired observations of binary data (e.g., cancer = yes/no, stage = 0/1+). The analysis strategy focuses on point estimates and confidence intervals for the difference (or relative increase) in accuracy measures.

Results:
Formulas for approximate 95% confidence intervals for the differences in sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values between PET/CT and the standard procedures are given, respectively. The strategy can also be applied if results obtained with a golden standard are not available in patients in whom both PET/CT and the standard procedure gave negative results. Sample sizes can and should be determined in an adaptive manner.

Conclusions:
Diagnostic studies to assess the merit of PET/CT in the diagnostic work-up of cancer patients can and should start with phase II studies focusing on 95% confidence intervals for differences in diagnostic measures. Even if the gold standard procedure is incomplete, the statistical analysis strategy given here may still be applicable.
Using a Java Dynamic Tree to Manage the Terminology in a Suite of Medical Applications
Authors: Evens M.W. , Trace D. A. , Yang K. 
Published: November 2008

Summary

Objectives:
Now that the National Library of Medicine has made SNOMED-CT widely available, we are trying to manage the terminology of a whole suite of medical applications and map our terminology into that in SNOMED.

Methods:
This paper describes the design and implementation of the Java Dynamic Tree that provides structure to our medical terminology and explains how it functions as the core of our system.

Results:
The tree was designed to reflect the stages in a patient interview, so it contains components for identifying the patient and the provider, a large set of chief complaints, review of systems, physical examination, several history modules, medications, laboratory tests, imaging, and special procedures. The tree is mirrored in a commercial DBMS, which also stores multi-encounter patient data, disorder patterns for our Bayesian diagnostic system, and the data and rules for other expert systems. The DBMS facilitates the import and export of large terminology files.

Conclusions:
Our Java Dynamic Tree allows the health care provider to view the entire terminology along with the structure that supports it, as well as the mechanism for the generation of progress notes and other documents, in terms of a single hierarchical structure. Changes in terminology can be propagated through the system under the control of the expert. The import/ export facility has been a major help by replacing our original terminology by the terminology in SNOMED-CT.