bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent vaginal hemorrhage caused by vaginal vascular ectasia in a dog
Authors: Gower Jessica A. , Schoeniger Sandra J. , Gregory Susan P. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Case Description—A 6-year-old 36.5-kg (80.3-lb) spayed female Labrador Retriever was evaluated because of an 11-month history of vaginal bleeding. Previous radiographic, endoscopic, and surgical interventions had failed to detect an underlying cause for the bleeding. The dog was examined on an emergency basis because of severe anemia after the bleeding increased in severity.
Clinical Findings—Bleeding was severe, and results of vaginoscopy and radiography (after administration of a contrast agent) did not confirm the cause of the hemorrhage. An exploratory episiotomy revealed multiple bleeding vascular abnormalities within the vaginal mucosa cranial to the external urethral orifice, which were suggestive of vascular ectasia.
Treatment and Outcome—A total vaginectomy was performed via a ventral midline incision and a pubic symphysiotomy. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of excised vaginal tissues confirmed changes compatible with vascular ectasia. The dog made an uneventful recovery with no further vulval bleeding until 19 months after surgery, at which time vulval bleeding recurred. Further investigation and treatment were declined by the owner.
Clinical Relevance—Vascular ectasia may be a cause of chronic vaginal hemorrhage and life-threatening anemia in dogs. In the dog of this report, the diagnosis was made on the basis of direct observation during exploratory episiotomy and histopathologic findings. To manage the condition, total vaginectomy was performed; however, despite radical surgery, bleeding recurred.
Influence of Perceived Job Tension on Stress Reaction Among Hospital and University Workers in Nigeria
Authors: Omolayo Bunmi , Mokuolu Bola 
Published: September 2008

The influence of perceived job tension on stress reaction among hospital and university workers in Nigeria was the focus of this study. 160 participants randomly selected from hospital and university settings were used for the study. The age of the participants ranges between 25 years and 50 years with a mean age of 35. Four hypotheses were tested and results shows that job stress is directly proportional to personal distress. Also, no significant difference was found in the job related tension between hospital and university workers. Result of this study shows that females have the same perception of work environment and they react to stress in the same manner. However, a significant difference exists in the level of stress between female and male university workers. Key words : 1. Job tension: The rigours and stress workers undergo on the job. 2. Stress reaction: It the way workers react to stress on the job. This could be positive or negative. 3. Stress: It is the unfavorable conditions that workers pass through in the course of discharging their job duties. 4. Stressors: These are conditions that bring about stress on the job. Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1150Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 353-358, 2008
Seasonal Prevalence and Intensity of Infestation by the Ectoparasites in Carps Relating to Physico-Chemical Parameters in Some Ponds of Mymensingh and Bogra Districts of Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiyan Abdus Salam , Musa ASM 
Published: September 2008

The research work was conducted to find out the seasonal prevalence and intensity of infestation of the ectoparasites of carps in some ponds of Mymensingh and Bogra districts of Bangladesh. Seven species of parasites viz. Trichodina domerguei, Trichodina reticulata, Chilodonella cyprini, Myxobohts koi, Dactylogiroides tripathi, D. extenswi and D. catlarius were found from 640 fry-fingerlings of silver carp, Hypophthalmicthys mohtrix (Valenciennes), grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes), European carp, Cyprinns carpio (Linnaeus), small carp, Puntius gonionotus (Bleeker), katla, Catla catla (Hamilton), rui, Labeo rohita (Hamilton-Buchanan) and mrigal, Cirrhina mrigala (Hamilton- Buchanan) from different nurseries and rearing ponds of Mymensingh and Bogra districts of Bangladesh during June, 2004 to October, 2005. The overall percentage of infestations in two study areas was the highest (95%) in winter, moderate (48%) in summer and the lowest (34.8%) in the rainy season. The physicochemical parameters of water exerted more or less significant combined effect on the occurrence of parasites. Key words: Ectoparasites infestation, Carps, seasonal prevalence, Physicochemical parameters. Â Â DOI = 10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1158Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(3), 411-418, 2008
State controllability computation technique for linear time‐varying systems by using Taylor series approximation
Authors: Aksoy S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis article presents a technique to determine the controllability Grammian matrix (CGM) for linear time‐varying systems by using truncated Taylor polynomial vector and the operational matrix of integration. An important property of this algorithm is that it starts by integrating the Lyapunov differential matrix equation in terms of the CGM. However, the algorithm does not use the mathematical integration processes actually, but uses the truncated Taylor polynomial vector and the operational matrix of integration. Thus, the problem is reduced to solving a linear set of algebraic equations with constant coefficients consisting of the Taylor polynomial constant coefficients of each of the CGM elements. Numerical results and error curves are given to illustrate the improvements achieved by the proposed algorithm. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversible Fluorescent On–Off Recording in a Highly Transparent Polymeric Material Utilizing Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Induced by Heat Treatment
Authors: Hirata Shuzo , Lee Kwang‐Sup , Watanabe Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOne productive technique for ultrahigh resolution readout of tiny regions is the measurement of the fluorescence signal of materials. A transparent polymeric materials whose fluorescence quantum yield is changed and recorded by thermally controlling the aggregation of fluoran dyes and developers with long alkyl chains has been developed. The recording medium can be fabricated easily by casting or coating recording materials. Fluorescence is observed after annealing at 363 K for about twelve seconds and then cooling to room temperature (RT), and quenched by annealing at 423 K for a few seconds and then quenching to RT. Nondestructive readout by excitation light with a fluorescent contrast of above 10 is achieved using red, green, and blue fluorescent dyes. Fluorescence on–off switching is induced by fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) from a fluorescent dye to a colored fluoran dye in the recording material. Fluorescence was uniformly quenched in the visible region after erasing. Since the recording materials allow the penetration of laser light due to the presence of crystals smaller than the wavelength range of visible light in both the emission and quenching states, nondestructive readout of the fluorescent signal by two‐photon absorption is accomplished. This work provides an important stepping‐stone for achieving rewritable‐type near‐field optical storage or multilayer recording.
The Cycloaddition Reaction Between α‐Bromo Vinylketenes and Imines: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Benfatti Fides , Bottoni Andrea , Cardillo Giuliana , Fabbroni Serena , Gentilucci Luca , Stenta Marco , Tolomelli Alessandra 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe unusual behaviour of α‐bromo vinylketenes in the cycloaddition reactions with imines is described. This class of vinylketenes behaves as dienophiles in [2+2] reactions, but also displays an unusual diene reactivity in [4+2] reactions. Interestingly, the reactivity of α‐bromo vinylketenes can be modulated via a fine tuning of the substituents. For instance, a methyl group in the β‐position completely inhibits the [2+2] reaction and the [4+2] pathway is almost exclusively followed. A more hindered ketimine (instead of a simple imine) is enough to activate again the [2+2] mechanism. We have carried out a DFT theoretical investigation to rationalise these experimental observations. We have considered two pathways for the [2+2] reaction involving imine, that is, the endo and exo pathways. The former is favoured in the case of α‐bromo vinylketenes, while the latter is preferred for non‐substituted vinylketenes. Since the [4+2] cycloaddition becomes possible only when the s‐Z‐conformation of vinylketene is significantly populated, the presence of bromine substituents in this substrate is crucial in determining the [2+2] or [4+2] mechanisms. For unsubstituted vinylketenes, the barrier connecting the s‐E‐ to the s‐Z‐conformation is too high to be easily overcome. Thus, the s‐Z‐structure has a low population and the [2+2] mechanism is favoured. In the case of α‐bromo vinylketenes (especially the β‐methyl‐substituted ones), this barrier can be surmounted and the [4+2] mechanism becomes available.
Co‐occurrence of 4p16.3 deletions with both paternal and maternal duplications of 11p15: Modification of the Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome phenotype by genetic alterations predicted to result in either a Beckwith–Wiedemann or Russell–Silver phenotype
Authors: South Sarah T. , Whitby Heidi , Maxwell Teresa , Aston Emily , Brothman Arthur R. , Carey John C. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPaternal duplications of chromosome region 11p15 can result in Beckwith–Weidemann syndrome (BWS), whereas maternal duplications of the same region on 11p15 can result in Russell–Silver syndrome (RSS). These two syndromes have numerous opposing phenotypes, especially with regards to growth parameters. The differences in the phenotype are proposed to be due to altered dosage of imprinted genes that control growth within this region of 11p15. Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is due to deletions of a region in 4p16.3 and there is no known parent‐of‐origin effect for deletions of the WHS critical region, and no genes are known to be imprinted in this region. We report on three individuals with very similar unbalanced translocations resulting in a derivative chromosome 4 with both a deletion of 4p16.3 and a duplication of 11p15. Two of these individuals are family members with one inheriting the derivative 4 from her balanced mother and the other inheriting the derivative 4 from his balanced father. The third individual is unrelated and inherited his derivative 4 from his balanced father. While the findings of these individuals included some features of WHS and RSS or BWS, the phenotypes as an aggregate are distinct from these syndromes. The genomic and phenotypic characterization of these three individuals demonstrates how unbalanced translocations can result in the modification of chromosome duplication and deletion syndromes and identifies genomic architecture that may be responsible for mediating a recurrent translocation between 4p and 11p. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low‐temperature sol–gel transformation of methyl silicon precursors to silica‐based hybrid materials
Authors: Dhayal Veena , Bohra Rakesh , Nagar Meena , Kaushik Ajay , Mathur Sanjay , Barth Sven 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSix new methyl silicon (IV) precursors of the type [MeSi{ONC(R)Ar}3] [when R = Me, Ar = 2‐C5H4N (1), 2‐C4H3O (2) or 2‐C4H3S (3); and when R = H, Ar = 2‐C5H4N (4), 2‐C4H3O (5) or 2‐C4H3S (6)] were prepared and structurally characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Molecular weight measurements and FAB (Fast Atomic Bombardment) mass spectral studies indicated their monomeric nature. 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectral studies suggested the oximate ligands to be monodentate in solution, which was confirmed by 29Si{1H} NMR signals in the region expected for tetra‐coordinated methylsilicon (IV) derivatives. Thermogravimetric analysis of 1 revealed the complex to be thermally labile, decomposing to a hybrid material of definite composition. Two representative compounds (2 and 4) were studied as single source molecular precursor for low‐temperature transformation to silica‐based hybrid materials using sol–gel technique. Formation of homogenous methyl‐bonded silica materials (MeSiO3/2) at low sintering temperature was observed. The thermogravimetric analysis of the methylsilica material indicated that silicon‐methyl bond is thermally stable up to a temperature of 400 °C. Reaction of 2 and Al(OPri)3 in equimolar ratio in anhydrous toluene yielded a brown‐colored viscous liquid of the composition [MeSi{ONC(CH3)C4H3O}3.Al(OPri)3]. Spectroscopic techniques 1H, 13C{1H}, 27Al{1H} and 29Si{1H} NMR spectra of the viscous product indicated the presence of tetracoordination around both silicon and aluminum atoms. On hydrolysis it yielded methylated aluminosilicate material with high specific surface area (464 m2/g). Scanning electron micrography confirmed a regular porous structure with porosity in the nanometric range. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Establishing survey and monitoring protocols for the assessment of conservation status of fish populations in river Special Areas of Conservation in the UK
Authors: Cowx I.G. , Harvey J.P. , Noble R.A. , Nunn A.D. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Under the EC Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), several rivers in the UK have been designated Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) because they support important populations of fish species. Several factors need to be considered when establishing survey protocols to assess the conservation status of fish species in these rivers.
It is important to understand the biology and habitat requirements of fish species and to design appropriate monitoring surveys that adequately assess the status of the fish populations. This information can, in turn, provide the basis for establishing sustainable conservation targets for specific stocks, a process known as condition assessment.
Favourable condition of fish species in SAC rivers is assessed using three criteria. The first relates to density of fish in various life stages against pre‐set targets, assuming that an appropriate number of sites is surveyed to account for natural spatial and temporal variations in fish populations. The second is evaluation of the demographic structure to demonstrate continued recruitment success. Third, by mapping the distribution of the target species in individual rivers and where favourable condition is only achieved where there has been no reduction in the distribution range river between surveys.
The framework described was developed from limited survey data. As more monitoring and assessment data become available, the threshold criteria for favourable condition for each species should be improved, and uncertainty in the procedures reduced.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ecology and conservation status of temporary and fluctuating ponds in two areas of southern England
Authors: Bilton D.T. , McAbendroth L.C. , Nicolet P. , Bedford A. , Rundle S.D. , Foggo A. , Ramsay P.M. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
A high proportion of ponds are temporary in nature, although the biodiversity value of such sites is still poorly recognized. This work explores the plant and macroinvertebrate communities of 76 temporary and fluctuating water bodies in two regions of southern England (Lizard Peninsula, Cornwall and New Forest, Hampshire) that have retained high pond densities. The ecology and conservation status of sites is examined, and comparisons made with ponds elsewhere in England and Wales.
Lizard and New Forest ponds supported 119 plant and 165 macroinvertebrate species respectively. Patterns of community similarity for plants and macroinvertebrates were highly concordant, taxa being related in a similar manner to measured environmental variables including pond area, depth, pH and water chemistry.
Patterns of pond occupancy revealed that most species were locally rare, over half occurring in less than 10% of ponds, and less than 10% being recorded from more than 50% of sites. More than 50% of ponds supported at least one nationally rare plant and almost 75% at least one nationally rare macroinvertebrate. These taxa occupied a wide range of pond types in each region, and did not have predictably different ecologies from common species.
Comparisons with ponds elsewhere in England and Wales revealed that Lizard and New Forest communities are nationally distinct, being most similar to ponds in areas of low intensity agriculture elsewhere in western Britain. Individual ponds in both regions supported more nationally rare taxa, on average, than ponds sampled in the national survey.
Ponds in the two areas have high conservation value, both regionally and nationally, supporting almost 75% of the global species richness of temporary ponds sampled across England and Wales. Within each region, many taxa are found in relatively few sites, and effective conservation of pond biodiversity will require a regional management approach.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment and propagation of input uncertainty in tree‐based option pricing models
Authors: Gzyl Henryk , Molina German , ter Horst Enrique 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a practical example of assessment and propagation of input uncertainty for option pricing when using tree‐based methods. Input uncertainty is propagated into output uncertainty, reflecting that option prices are as unknown as the inputs they are based on. Option pricing formulas are tools whose validity is conditional not only on how close the model represents reality, but also on the quality of the inputs they use, and those inputs are usually not observable. We show three different approaches to integrating out the model nuisance parameters and show how this translates into model uncertainty in the tree model space for the theoretical option prices. We compare our method with classical calibration‐based results assuming that there is no options market established and no statistical model linking inputs and outputs. These methods can be applied to pricing of instruments for which there is no options market, as well as a methodological tool to account for parameter and model uncertainty in theoretical option pricing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydraulischer Grundbruch: Literaturübersicht und offene Fragen
Authors: Hettler Achim 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAnlass für den folgenden Beitrag war eine Lücke in den bestehenden Regelwerken für den Fall mit Auflastfiltern beim Nachweis der Sicherheit gegen hydraulischen Grundbruch. Zunächst wird eine Literaturübersicht über wesentliche Arbeiten zur Frage des hydraulischen Grundbruchs mit und ohne Auflastfilter gegeben. Danach werden die Vorgaben aus den maßgebenden Regelwerken zusammengestellt. Erste Ansätze werden vorgestellt, wie seitliche Reibungskräfte in einem Auflastfilter angesetzt werden können, und es werden offene Fragen angesprochen, die in dem darauffolgenden ergänzenden Beitrag von Odenwald und Herten aufgegriffen und behandelt werden.
Standsicherheitsnachweis für Oberflächenabdichtungssysteme von Deponien
Authors: Wudtke Robert‐Balthasar , Werth Katja , Witt Karl Josef 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDie Standsicherheit von Oberflächenabdichtungen auf Deponieböschungen ist nach aktuellen nationalen und europäischen Normen mit dem Teil sicherheitskonzept zu führen. Der Nachweis wird in Anlehnung an den der Gesamtstandsicherheit im Grenzzustand GEO‐3 (GZ 1C) geführt. Um den Rechenaufwand gering zu halten und Fehlerquellen zu eliminieren, wird empfohlen, auch die Bemessungszugkraft einer evtl. erforderlichen Bewehrung im Grenzzustand GEO‐3 zu ermitteln. Der Beitrag erläutert die Grundlage des Nachweiskonzepts, die Grenzzustandsgleichungen für schichtparalleles Gleiten und die Bemessungs‐/Nachweismethode von Bewehrungselementen. Beim Nachweis der Standsicherheit mit diesem Konzept wird das bisherige Sicherheitsniveau beibehalten. Kernfrage des Nachweises ist weniger die Methode, als vielmehr die Festlegung der effektiven Scherparameter, die über lange Zeiträume unter sich ändernden Bedingungen und Alterung der Materialien in den Kontaktflächen des Systems mobilisiert werden können.
Zur Anwendung der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode bei Baugrubenwänden
Authors: Hettler Achim , Schanz Tom 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn den vergangenen Jahren hat sich die Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) zu einem Standardwerkzeug des geotechnischen Ingenieurs entwickelt. Die FEM eignet sich vor allem zur Berechnung von Verformungen und zur Prognose der Gebrauchstauglichkeit auf der Grundlage von charakteristischen Bodenkenngrößen, insbesondere auch bei Baugruben mit schwierigen geometrischen Abmessungen.Aus dem Berechnungsgang zur Ermittlung der Verformungen können auch charakteristische Einwirkungen bzw. Beanspruchungen für den Nachweis der Tragfähigkeit bestimmt werden. Wie beispielhaft gezeigt wird, stößt die FEM in Verbindung mit dem Nachweisverfahren 2, das in Deutschland mit Ausnahme des Geländebruchs obligatorisch ist, auf Schwierigkeiten bei der Ermittlung von Widerständen, so dass sich in den meisten Fällen ein klassischer Nachweis empfiehlt.
Empfehlung Nr. 10 des Arbeitskreises 3.3 “Versuchstechnik Fels” der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e. V.: Indirekter Zugversuch an Gesteinsproben – Spaltzugversuch
Authors: Lepique Michael 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDer Arbeitskreis AK 3.3 “Versuchstechnik Fels” der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e. V. erarbeitet Empfehlungen für felsmechanische Labor‐ und Feldversuche sowie Messungen im Gebirge und an Bauwerken. Die vorliegende Neufassung der Empfehlung Nr. 10 behandelt den Spaltzugversuch an Gesteinsprobekörpern und berücksichtigt die Weiterentwicklung der Prüfmaschinen‐ und Versuchstechnik seit der gleichnamigen Empfehlung Nr. 10 von 1985. Es werden die Anforderungen an die Prüfeinrichtung und die Probekörper sowie die Vorgehensweisen für die Durchführung und Auswertung von Spaltzugversuchen festgelegt. Die wesentliche Neuerung besteht darin, dass die Vorgehensweise zur Untersuchung der Anisotropie der Spaltzugfestigkeit von texturiertem Gestein geregelt wird.Die Spaltzugfestigkeit einer Gesteinsprobe wird im indirekten Zugversuch bestimmt. Ein zylindrischer Probekörper wird durch Streifenlasten bis zum Bruch durch Spalten der Probe belastet. Die Zugfestigkeit wird auf der Grundlage der Elastizitätstheorie ermittelt.
Determination of propafenone hydrochloride by flow‐injection analysis coupled with resonance light scattering detection
Authors: Hu Xiaoli , Xu Dongpo , Liu Shaopu , Liu Zhongfang , Liu Sa 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA simple, sensitive and rapid flow injection analysis (FIA) method with resonance light scattering (RLS) was described for the determination of propafenone (PPF). The method was based on the ion‐association reaction of 12‐tungstophosphoric acid (TP) with propafenone. In pH 1.0 acidic medium, TP reacted with PPF to form an ion‐associate complex, which resulted in a significant enhancement of RLS intensity. The maximum scattering peak was located at 340 nm, the RLS intensity was proportional to the concentration of PPF in the range 0.003–9.0 µg/mL, and the detection limit (3σ) of 1.0 ng/mL was obtained at a sampling rate of 60 samples/h. The feasible reaction conditions and FIA parameters for the system were optimized. The method proposed in this paper shows satisfactory reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.1% for 10 successive determinations of 2.0 µg/mL PPF. The present method had been successfully applied to the determination of PPF in serum samples and pharmaceutical samples. The results obtained were in agreement with the method used in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.