bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscription antillaise et citoyenneté revendiquée au tournant de la première guerre mondiale
Authors: Dumont Jacques 
Published: January 2009

Résumé La revendication du service militaire émerge avec la Troisième République dans les quatre « vieilles colonies ». Nourrie de la rhétorique des droits et des devoirs du citoyen, elle s’inscrit dans une demande d’égalité. Les obstacles juridiques sont toutefois nombreux et les freins réels de la part des autorités militaires. Il faut attendre 1912-1913 pour que l’extension du service militaire soit décidée. Les premiers conscrits en provenance des Antilles arrivent en métropole à l’automne. Ils sont rapidement confrontés à des problèmes sanitaires, largement dûs aux conditions de voyage. Les défaillances constatées alimentent les résistances militaires et conduisent à des mesures de restriction, qui sont interprétées outre-mer comme autant de freins au désir d’intégration. Malgré la guerre et un recrutement amplifié à partir de 1915, malgré le paiement de « l’impôt du sang », les signes d’une reconnaissance ne sont pas au rendez-vous, renforçant l’appétit pour une assimilation qui semble le seul horizon. Cette étude est issue du dépouillement d’archives militaires et d’archives de presse, en particulier antillaises.
La révolte des tirailleurs sénégalais de Tiaroye
Authors: Fargettas Julien 
Published: January 2009

Résumé Le 1 er décembre 1944, une troupe composée de divers éléments des garnisons du Sénégal investit le camp de Tiaroye, à proximité de Dakar, afin d’étouffer la révolte d’un contingent de soldats « indigènes », ex-prisonniers de guerre, récemment rapatriés de métropole. L’opération se solde par un lourd bilan et les autorités relèvent trente-cinq victimes. Cet épisode s’inscrit pour beaucoup aujourd’hui dans le large champ des polémiques ou cicatrices du passé colonial. Les tirailleurs révoltés font figure de victimes et tendent de plus en plus à être présentés comme des précurseurs des futures luttes pour les indépendances. Depuis peu, la sphère politique africaine s’est emparé de ce qui est devenu un symbole, l’exemple le plus significatif de cette accaparement étant la Journée du tirailleur organisée au Sénégal en août 2004 et au cours de laquelle Tiaroye a largement marqué les célébrations. Face à ce foisonnement mémoriel partiel et souvent partial, l’étude de l’histoire des troupes noires de la période laisse entrevoir de nombreux incidents et d’autres révoltes. Là se situe souvent le paradoxe du tirailleur sénégalais, auteur d’incidents en tout genre, mais également « dogue noir de l’empire » et acteur de la répression même de l’insurrection de Tiaroye. Dans ce dernier cas, de manière concomitante aux revendications matérielles liées aux questions de démobilisation, la tragédie repose sur un véritable choc entre une administration coloniale rétrograde et ses représentants, et un groupe de colonisés marqués par la guerre et la civilisation occidentale et qui ne correspond plus à l’image traditionnelle du tirailleur et du colonisé.
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Breast Cancer–Specific Survival in the US
Authors: Goel Neha , Hernandez Alexandra E. , Mazul Angela 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceDespite improvements in breast cancer screening, treatment, and survival, disparate breast cancer–specific survival outcomes persist, particularly in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Most of these disparities are attributed to disparities in individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics. However, a critical knowledge gap exists as to whether disparities in breast cancer–specific survival remain after accounting for individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics.ObjectiveTo evaluate if neighborhood disadvantage is associated with shorter breast cancer–specific survival after controlling for individual, tumor, and treatment characteristics in a national population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis national retrospective cohort study included patients with breast cancer diagnosed from 2013 to 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 17 Census tract–level socioeconomic status and rurality database of the National Cancer Institute. Data analysis was performed from September 2022 to December 2023.ExposuresNeighborhood disadvantage measured by Yost index quintiles.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBreast cancer–specific survival was evaluated using a competing risks cause-specific hazard model controlling for age, race, ethnicity, rurality, stage, subtype, insurance, and receipt of treatment.ResultsA total of 350 824 patients with breast cancer were included; 41 519 (11.8%) were Hispanic, 39 631 (11.3%) were non-Hispanic Black, and 234 698 (66.9%) were non-Hispanic White. A total of 87 635 patients (25.0%) lived in the most advantaged neighborhoods (group 5) and 52 439 (14.9%) lived in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods (group 1). A larger number of non-Hispanic White patients (66 529 patients [76.2%]) lived in advantaged neighborhoods, while disadvantaged neighborhoods had the highest proportion of non-Hispanic Black (16 141 patients [30.9%]) and Hispanic patients (10 168 patients [19.5%]). Breast cancer–specific survival analysis found the most disadvantaged neighborhoods (group 1) had the highest risk of mortality (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.36-1.50; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with the most advantaged neighborhoods.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this national cohort study of patients with breast cancer, neighborhood disadvantage was independently associated with shorter breast cancer–specific survival even after controlling for individual-level factors, tumor characteristics, and treatment. This suggests potential unaccounted-for mechanisms, including both nonbiologic factors and biologic factors.
Adherence to American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines Among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Baughman Carter , Norman Kathryn , Mukamal Kenneth 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceThe American Cancer Society’s (ACS’s) nutrition and physical activity guidelines are intended to reduce morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors, but to our knowledge, adherence to these guidelines has not been systematically quantified.ObjectiveTo evaluate adherence to and factors associated with adherence to lifestyle modification guidelines among cancer survivors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System using survey administration years 2017 (surveys completed between January 2017 and March 2018), 2019 (surveys completed between January 2019 and December 2019), and 2021 (surveys completed between January 2021 and February 2022). The study included people who had completed cancer treatment at any point prior to the given survey administration year. Data were analyzed from September 19, 2022, to December 12, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was adherence to current ACS guidelines for physical activity, body mass index, alcohol use, and fruit and vegetable intake. Factors associated with adherence rates to the guidelines, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, location, and educational level, were evaluated using linear regression. Complex survey weights were used.ResultsA total of 10 020 respondents (57% female; mean [SE] age, 64.2 [0.3] years) reported completion of cancer treatment, representing 2.7 million US individuals over 3 years. Of these respondents, 9121 completed questionnaires for all 4 metrics measured. A total of 72% (95% CI, 71%-74%) of cancer survivors met criteria for adequate physical activity, 68% (95% CI, 66%-69%) did not have obesity, 12% (95% CI, 11%-13%) ate adequate fruits and vegetables, and 50% (95% CI, 49%-52%) did not drink alcohol. In total, 4% (95% CI, 3%-4%) of cancer survivors adhered to all 4 guidelines, with the mean number of guidelines met being 2.0 (95% CI, 2.0-2.1). Factors associated with greater adherence included female sex, older age, Black race, higher educational level, and residence in Western US states.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, 4% of cancer survivors fully adhered to current ACS recommendations. Improved understanding of guideline adherence and its determinants may guide oncologists and general internists in providing recommendations for their patients who have completed cancer treatments.
Partial‐state feedback adaptive stabilization for a class of uncertain nonholonomic systems
Authors: Yu Jiangbo , Liu Yungang , Li Chengdong , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the global adaptive stabilization problem via partial‐state feedback for a class of uncertain chained‐form nonholonomic systems with the dynamic uncertainty and nonlinear parameterization. The notions of Sontag's input‐to‐state stability (ISS) and ISS‐Lyapunov function, together with the changing supply rates technique are used to overcome the dynamic uncertainty. The nonlinear parameterization is well treated with the aid of the parameter separation technique. The discontinuous input‐to‐state scaling technique is employed in this procedure to derive the global stabilization controllers. Additionally, we develop a switching adaptive control strategy in order to get around the smooth stabilization burden associated with nonholonomic systems. The simulation results illustrate the efficacy of the presented algorithm.
Engineering Local Graphitic Domains to Balance Defect Active Site and Electronic Conduction Ability in Coal‐Derived Carbon Anode for Superior Potassium Ions Storage
Authors: Jiang Jiangmin , Chen Ziyu , Chen Yaxin , Zhuang Quanchao , Ju Zhicheng , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPotassium‐ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) are regarded as one of the promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage technologies. Nevertheless, the lack of suitable anode materials combined with fast ion diffusion kinetics and favorable cycle stability restricts their application. Herein, a catalyst‐confined graphitization strategy is proposed to synthesize low‐cost coal‐based carbon anodes, which have controllable heteroatom co‐doping and rich defect sites, together with local graphitic domains. Density functional theory calculations and kinetic analysis are performed to uncover the coupling effect for heteroatom dual‐doping and defective structures. Importantly, the introduction of graphitic domains ensures good electric conductivity and charge transfer kinetics while preserving rich defects and active sites. The optimized NC‐950 exhibits superior potassium storage capacity, which delivers a high reversible specific capacity (363.3 mAh g−1), impressive rate capability (93.9 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1), and stable cycling performance. As a practical device application, the PIHCs (NC‐950//AC) are assembled using the NC‐950 anode and commercial activated carbon (AC) cathode, which exhibits the maximum energy density of 97.0 Wh kg−1 and excellent cycling stability (10 000 cycles). Significantly, this work unveils a new pathway to developing low‐cost and fast reaction kinetics carbon anode for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.
Reversal Tuning of Liquid Metal Motor under Rotating Magnetic Field
Authors: Zhou Yingxin , Li Nan , Zhao Xi , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiquid metal motors are unconventional transformable machines whose motion control is important for microfluidics, drug delivery, and small‐scale robots. Without an external field, aluminum‐fueled liquid metal motors can achieve autonomous propulsion, but the random direction limits their applications. Here, the study reports a fundamental discovery of directionally reversing such liquid metal motors through a rotating magnetic field tuning approach. Systematic experiments reveal that the motor overcomes irregular Brownian motion and the volume limitation of liquid metals in magnetic control. Depending on its volume, the motor exhibits three different responses: moving opposite to the rotating magnet for smaller volumes, spinning in place at medium sizes, and moving with the magnet for larger ones. This phenomenon is attributed to the interaction of electromagnetic remote inductions, electrochemical reactions, and fluid dynamics. Rapidly changing magnetic fields induce currents and Ampere's force in the motor, restricting the locations of chemical reactions. Surface tension gradient and bubble recoil dominate the motion of small motors opposite to the magnet. As practical illustrations, this magnetically controlled motor displays advantages in rapid fluid mixing. Overall, the present finding significantly improves the controllability of liquid metal motors and would generate profound impacts on developing future small soft robots.
Engineering Triple‐Phase Interfaces around the Anode toward Practical Alkali Metal–Air Batteries
Authors: Ge Bingcheng , Hu Liang , Yu Xiaoliang , Wang Lixu , Fernandez Carlos , Yang Nianjun , Liang Qinghua , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlkali metal–air batteries (AMABs) promise ultrahigh gravimetric energy densities, while the inherent poor cycle stability hinders their practical application. To address this challenge, most previous efforts are devoted to advancing the air cathodes with high electrocatalytic activity. Recent studies have underlined the solid–liquid–gas triple‐phase interface around the anode can play far more significant roles than previously acknowledged by the scientific community. Besides the bottlenecks of uncontrollable dendrite growth and gas evolution in conventional alkali metal batteries, the corrosive gases, intermediate oxygen species, and redox mediators in AMABs cause more severe anode corrosion and structural collapse, posing greater challenges to the stabilization of the anode triple‐phase interface. This work aims to provide a timely perspective on the anode interface engineering for durable AMABs. Taking the Li–air battery as a typical example, this critical review shows the latest developed anode stabilization strategies, including formulating electrolytes to build protective interphases, fabricating advanced anodes to improve their anti‐corrosion capability, and designing functional separator to shield the corrosive species. Finally, the remaining scientific and technical issues from the prospects of anode interface engineering are highlighted, particularly materials system engineering, for the practical use of AMABs.
Scalable Fabrication of Ionic‐Conductive Covalent Organic Framework Fibers for Capturing of Sustainable Osmotic Energy
Authors: Pan Wang‐Xiang , Chen Liang , Li Wan‐Ying , Ma Qun , Xiang Hengxue , Ma Ning , Wang Xu , Jiang Yi , Xia Fan , Zhu Meifang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh‐performance covalent organic framework (COF) fibers are demanded for an efficient capturing of blue osmotic power because of their excellent durability, simple integration, and large scalability. However, the scalable production of COF fibers is still very challenging due to the poor solubility and fragile structure of COFs. Herein, for the first time, it is reported that COF dispersions can be continuously processed into macroscopic, meter‐long, and pure COF fibers using a wet spinning approach. The two presented COF fibers can be directly used for capturing of osmotic energy, avoiding the production of composite materials that require other additives and face challenges such as phase separation and environmental issues induced by the additives. A COF fiber exhibits power densities of 70.2 and 185.3 W m−2 at 50‐fold and 500‐fold salt gradients, respectively. These values outperform those of most reported systems, which indicate the high potential of COF fibers for capturing of blue osmotic energy.
In Situ Polymerization Facilitating Practical High‐Safety Quasi‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Rui Xinyu , Hua Rui , Ren Dongsheng , Qiu Feng , Wu Yu , Qiu Yue , Mao Yuqiong , Guo Yi , Zhu Gaolong , Liu Xiang , Gao Yike , Zhao Chang , Feng Xuning , Lu Languang , Ouyang Minggao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractQuasi‐solid‐state batteries (QSSBs) are gaining widespread attention as a promising solution to improve battery safety performance. However, the safety improvement and the underlying mechanisms of QSSBs remain elusive. Herein, a novel strategy combining high‐safety ethylene carbonate‐free liquid electrolyte and in situ polymerization technique is proposed to prepare practical QSSBs. The Ah‐level QSSBs with LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 cathode and graphite–silicon anode demonstrate significantly improved safety features without sacrificing electrochemical performance. As evidenced by accelerating rate calorimetry tests, the QSSBs exhibit increased self‐heating temperature and onset temperature (T2), and decreased temperature rise rate during thermal runaway (TR). The T2 has a maximum increase of 48.4 °C compared to the conventional liquid batteries. Moreover, the QSSBs do not undergo TR until 180 °C (even 200 °C) during the hot‐box tests, presenting significant improvement compared to the liquid batteries that run into TR at 130 °C. Systematic investigations show that the in situ formed polymer skeleton effectively mitigates the exothermic reactions between lithium salts and lithiated anode, retards the oxygen release from cathode, and inhibits crosstalk reactions between cathode and anode at elevated temperatures. The findings offer an innovative solution for practical high‐safety QSSBs and open up a new sight for building safer high‐energy‐density batteries.
Room‐Temperature Antisymmetric Magnetoresistance in van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2 Nanosheets
Authors: Hu Guojing , Guo Hui , Lv Senhao , Li Linxuan , Wang Yunhao , Han Yechao , Pan Lulu , Xie Yulan , Yu Weiqi , Zhu Ke , Qi Qi , Xian Guoyu , Zhu Shiyu , Shi Jinan , Bao Lihong , Lin Xiao , Zhou Wu , Yang Haitao , Gao Hong‐jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) ferromagnetic materials have emerged as a promising platform for the development of 2D spintronic devices. However, studies to date are restricted to vdW ferromagnetic materials with low Curie temperature (Tc) and small magnetic anisotropy. Here, a chemical vapor transport method is developed to synthesize a high‐quality room‐temperature ferromagnet, Fe3GaTe2 (c‐Fe3GaTe2), which boasts a high Tc = 356 K and large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Due to the planar symmetry breaking, an unconventional room‐temperature antisymmetric magnetoresistance (MR) is first observed in c‐Fe3GaTe2 devices with step features, manifesting as three distinctive states of high, intermediate, and low resistance with the sweeping magnetic field. Moreover, the modulation of the antisymmetric MR is demonstrated by controlling the height of the surface steps. This work provides new routes to achieve magnetic random storage and logic devices by utilizing the room‐temperature thickness‐controlled antisymmetric MR and further design room‐temperature 2D spintronic devices based on the vdW ferromagnet c‐Fe3GaTe2.
Exploring Electrostatic Confinement Transport in MoS2/WSe2 Heterostructure via Triple‐Gated Point Contact Device
Authors: Phan Nhat Anh Nguyen , Uddin Inayat , Le Thi Hai Yen , Aoki Nobuyuki , Kim Hye Jung , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Kim Gil‐Ho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe exponential development in quantum phenomena is directly correlated with the decreasing size of nano‐semiconductor transistors. Consequently, the use of a quantum structure that deviates from traditional transistor types becomes imperative. Electrostatically defined nanoscale devices within 2D semiconductor heterostructures serve as foundational elements for diverse quantum electrical circuits. Van der Waals heterostructures, distinguished by atomically flat interfaces and inherent 2D characteristics, offer advantages such as large‐scale uniformity, flexibility, and portability over conventional bulk semiconductor heterostructures. Herein, the intricate electronic behavior of a MoS2/WSe2 encapsulated heterostructure governed by split‐gate and middle‐gate configurations is investigated, revealing a distinctive step‐like current profile at a low temperature of 77 K. The observed four regimes in the current highlight the impact of quantum confinement induced by reduced lateral dimensions, coupled with precise electrostatic confinement controlled by gate voltages. The temperature dependence of the phenomena emphasizes the role of thermal effects on carrier scattering mechanisms. In addition, the pinch‐off characteristics with different temperatures, middle‐gate voltages, and drain biases are explored. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of electrostatic effects in 2D transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures and holds promise for the development of advanced electronic devices with tailored confinement for enhanced functionalities.
Liquid Metal‐Coated Textile with P(AAm‐co‐AA) Ionogel Encapsulation to Mitigate Electromagnetic Radiation Pollution
Authors: Wang Yichao , He Mengjuan , Tang Jingli , Huang Liqian , Wang Xueli , Yu Jianyong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConductive textiles with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding functionality are highly desirable for growing flexibility requirements of EMI shielding devices. Most extant shielding coatings on textiles rely on rigid nanomaterials, which are susceptible to detachment, and generate a great deal of reflected EM waves. Thus, there is a high demand for shielding coatings on textiles that are stretchable, stable, and capable of suppressing the secondary reflection toward incident EM waves. Liquid metal is a particularly suitable candidate owing to its high electrical conductivity and excellent conformality. Herein, a straightforward coating strategy is developed for fast fabrication of Ion/Clay‐F that is reinforced with ionogel encapsulation. Especially, the method enables the direct transformation of fluid‐like liquid metal into a clay‐like state and the preparation of ionogel sealings from monomer solutions. The resulting Ion/Clay‐F exhibits promising features, including high total EMI shielding effectiveness (SET) (highest value of 49.3 dB for a single layer and an average value of 73.0 dB for three layers), low reflectivity (0.404), improved tensile strength (13.16 MPa) and tolerance in a wide range of temperatures (−18–100 °C). Remarkably, such Ion/Clay‐F outperforms pure cotton fabric in terms of thermal management, delivering superior heat dissipation and thermal insulation properties.
Exploring Conductive Filler‐Embedded Polymer Nanocomposite for Electrical Percolation via Electromagnetic Shielding‐Based Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Qureshi Nilam , Dhand Vivek , Subhani Shaik , Kumar Rajendran Senthil , Raghavan Nagarajan , Kim Sanghoon , Doh Jaehyeok 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review delves into the progress made in additive manufacturing through the incorporation of conductive fillers in nanocomposites. Emphasizing the critical role of percolation and conductivity, the study highlights advancements in material selection, particularly focusing on carbon nanotubes with low percolation thresholds. The practical applications of these nanocomposites in additive manufacturing polymer composites are explored, emphasizing the understanding of percolation thresholds. Furthermore, the present review paper investigates the potential of these materials as lightweight alternatives for electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI), particularly in key sectors such as automotive and aerospace industries. The integration of advanced materials, modeling techniques, and standardization is discussed as pivotal for successful implementation. Overall, the review underscores the significant strides in enhancing electrical properties and electromagnetic interference shielding capabilities through the strategic use of conductive filler nanocomposites in additive manufacturing.