bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and soluble form of receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) are independent determinants of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nakamura Kazuo , Yamagishi Sho‐ichi , Adachi Hisashi , Matsui Takanori , Kurita‐Nakamura Yayoi , Takeuchi Masayoshi , Inoue Hiroyoshi , Imaizumi Tsutomu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) is an essential chemokine responsible for the recruitment of monocytes to inflammatory lesions in the vasculature, an initial step of atherosclerosis. Since serum levels of MCP‐1 are higher in patients with type 2 diabetes, inhibition of MCP‐1 may be a novel therapeutic target for prevention of accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes. However, little is known about the regulation and determinants of serum MCP‐1 levels in patients with diabetes. In this study, we examined the determinants of serum MCP‐1 levels in type 2 diabetic patients.MethodsEighty‐six consecutive outpatients with type 2 diabetes (36 male and 50 female; mean age 68.4 ± 9.6) underwent a complete history and physical examination, determination of blood chemistries, MCP‐1, tumour necrosis factor‐α, adiponectin, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and soluble form of receptor for AGEs (sRAGE). We examined the association between MCP‐1 levels and those in anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory variables in these subjects.ResultsUnivariate regression analysis showed that serum levels of MCP‐1 were positively associated with AGEs (r = 0.386, p < 0.001) and sRAGE (r = 0.315, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, AGEs (p < 0.001) and sRAGE (p < 0.05) still remained significant.ConclusionThe results demonstrate for the first time that circulating levels of AGEs and sRAGE are independent determinants of serum MCP‐1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our present observations suggest the AGEs‐RAGE system may be mainly involved in the elevation of MCP‐1 in type 2 diabetic patients. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diastereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions between Azomethine Ylides and Chiral Acrylates Derived from Methyl (S)‐ and (R)‐Lactate – Synthesis of Hepatitis C Virus RNA‐Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors
Authors: Nájera Carmen , de Gracia Retamosa M. , Sansano José M. , de Cózar Abel , Cossío Fernando P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHighly endo‐diastereoselective 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions between acrylates derived from methyl (R)‐ and (S)‐lactate, as chiral dipolarophiles, and azomethine ylides derived from glycine and α‐substituted amino acids are described. The origins of the observed excellent stereocontrol are interpreted on the basis of computational studies on model systems. This methodology was successfully employed for the first asymmetric synthesis of both enantiomers, as well as of its racemic form, of a biologically active pyrrolidine (hepatitis C virus inhibitor) incorporating a leucine residue and a 2‐thienyl group. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Predictive factors for complications in elderly patients who underwent head and neck oncologic surgery
Authors: Sanabria Alvaro , Carvalho André L. , Melo Rosana L. , Magrin José , Ikeda Mauro K. , Vartanian José G. , Kowalski Luiz P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground.Postoperative complications are relevant outcomes in patients with head and neck tumor who have undergone surgery. Few trials have assessed predictive factors in older patients. We assessed the predictive effect of preoperative clinical factors on postoperative complications.Methods.We conducted a cohort study with 242 patients older than 70 years with head and neck cancer who underwent surgery. Logistic regression identified predictive factors for postoperative complications. Significant variables were used to build a predictive index.Results.Comorbidities were present in 87.6% of patients, and 56.6% had some type of complication (44.6% local and 28.5% systemic). Male sex, bilateral neck dissection, presence of 2 or more comorbidities, reconstruction, and clinical stage IV were associated with postoperative complications. The predictive index showed a receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) area of 0.69.Conclusion.It is possible to predict postoperative complications in older patients with head and neck tumors who underwent oncologic surgery using clinical preoperative variables. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Interpretability of PET/CT imaging in head and neck cancer patients following composite mandibular resection and osteocutaneous free flap reconstruction
Authors: Oliver Christopher , Muthukrishnan Ashok , Mountz James , Deeb Erin , Johnson Jonas , Deleyiannis Frederic 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground.We investigated positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scanning following segmental resections and osteocutaneous free‐flap reconstruction. The interpretability of PET/CT imaging with healing osteotomies and reconstruction hardware was analyzed.Methods.Patient scans within 18 months of surgery were interpreted for malignancy. Interpretations were compared with clinical data to determine sensitivity/specificity. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) were determined for bony controls, osteotomies, and tumors and were analyzed using paired t test.ResultsFifteen scans were visually interpreted, 13 underwent SUV analysis. Reconstruction hardware did not interfere with interpretability. Sensitivity and specificity were 88% and 86%, respectively. Osteotomy sites averaged 25% higher SUVs compared with bony controls (vs sternum p = .003, vs mandible p = .008). Tumor SUVs were higher than osteotomies (p = .023) and controls (vs sternum p = .013, vs mandible p = .025).Conclusion.Although osteotomies were characterized by an increased fluorodeoxyglucose signal, scan interpretability was unimpaired. Our study suggests that PET/CT imaging can be utilized to survey free‐flap patients at acceptable levels of sensitivity/specificity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Mutations in the MPV17 gene are responsible for rapidly progressive liver failure in infancy
Authors: Wong Lee-Jun C. , Brunetti-Pierri Nicola , Zhang Qing , Yazigi Nada , Bove Kevin E. , Dahms Beverly B. , Puchowicz Michelle A. , Gonzalez-Gomez Ignacio , Schmitt Eric S. , Truong Cavatina K. , Hoppel Charles L. , Chou Ping-Chieh , Wang Jing , Baldwin Erin E. , Adams Darius , Leslie Nancy , Boles Richard G. , Kerr Douglas S. , Craigen William J. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract

MPV17 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein of unknown function recently recognized as responsible for a mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. The aim of this study is to delineate the specific clinical, pathological, biochemical, and molecular features associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion due to

MPV17

gene mutations. We report 4 cases from 3 ethnically diverse families with

MPV17

mutations. Importantly, 2 of these cases presented with isolated liver failure during infancy without notable neurologic dysfunction.

Conclusion:

We therefore propose that mutations in the

MPV17

gene be considered in the course of evaluating the molecular etiology for isolated, rapidly progressive infantile hepatic failure. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Semi‐nonparametric competing risks analysis of recidivism
Authors: Bierens Herman J. , Carvalho Jose R. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper we specify a semi‐nonparametric competing risks (SNP‐CR) model of recidivism, for misdemeanors and felonies. The model is a bivariate mixed proportional hazard model with Weibull baseline hazards and common unobserved heterogeneity. The distribution of the latter is modeled semi‐nonparametrically, using orthonormal Legendre polynomials on the unit interval, and integrated out to make the two durations dependent, conditional on the covariates. The SNP‐CR model involved corresponds to a Logit model for felony arrest; hence the validity of the SNP‐CR model can be tested by testing the validity of the implied Logit model. The latter will be done by using the integrated conditional moment (ICM) test. In the first instance we have estimated and tested two versions of the SNP‐CR model, without and with fixed state effects. However, the ICM test rejects these models. Therefore, we have estimated and tested the model for each state separately. These state models are not rejected by the ICM test. Indeed, the estimation results vary substantially per state. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biovalidation of an SPE‐HPLC‐UV‐fluorescence method for the determination of Valsartan and its metabolite valeryl‐4‐hydroxy‐valsartan in human plasma
Authors: Iriarte Gorka , Ferreirós Nerea , Ibarrondo Izaskun , Alonso Rosa Maria , Itxaso Maguregui Miren , Jiménez Rosa Maria 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA simple and fast method for the simultaneous determination of the antihypertensive drug Valsartan and its metabolite in human plasma has been validated. The proposed method deals with SPE, followed by an HPLC separation coupled with fluorimetric and photometric detection. The optimization of the SPE‐HPLC method was achieved by an experimental design. The separation was performed on an RP C18 Atlantis 100 mm×3.9 mm column. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of ACN 0.025% TFA and phosphate buffer (5 mM, pH = 2.5) 0.025% TFA and was delivered in gradient mode at a flow rate of 1.30 mL/min. The eluent was monitored with a fluorescence detector at 234 and 378 nm excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively, and at 254 nm using a photometric detector. The full analytical validation was performed according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ‘guidance for industry: bioanalytical method validation’ and the recoveries obtained for Valsartan and its metabolite ranged from 94.6 to 108.8%. The validated method was successfully applied to 12 plasma samples obtained from patients under antihypertensive treatment with Valsartan.
Resolution of β‐amino acids on a high performance liquid chromatographic doubly tethered chiral stationary phase containing N–CH3 amide linkage based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid
Authors: Hyun Myung Ho , Song Yanci , Cho Yoon Jae , Choi Hee Jung 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA doubly tethered chiral stationary phase (CSP) containing N–CH3 amide linkage based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid was applied to the resolution of various β‐amino acids. The chiral recognition behaviors for the resolution of β‐amino acids on the doubly tethered CSP were consistent with those on the corresponding singly tethered CSP while the chiral recognition ability of the doubly tethered CSP was generally greater in terms of both the separation (α) and the resolution factors (RS) than that of the corresponding singly tethered CSP. From these results, it was concluded that attaching the second tethering group to silica gel through a carbon atom of the first tethering group of the CSP improves the chiral recognition ability for the resolution of β‐amino acids without any change in the chiral recognition mode. The retention factors (k1) on the doubly tethered CSP were larger than those on the corresponding singly tethered CSP and these retention factors were found to be controllable with the variation of the type and the content of the organic and/or acidic modifier in the aqueous mobile phase without significant change in the separation and the resolution factors.
Electrical doping is paving the way for the implementation of OLEDs in consumer electronics
Authors: Rothe C. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe great potential of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) to replace current display and lighting technologies is no longer questioned. Nevertheless, before large‐scale production can commence, considerable advances in the OLED technology are still necessary to satisfy the corresponding challenging requirements and to be competitive with firmly established alternative technologies. In this context, significant progress in diode performance, lifetime and stability is achieved by employing electrically doped charge‐transport layers. Thus, the so‐called PIN technology allows for an early, successful implementation of OLEDs in consumer applications.
Dielectric Properties of Hyperbranched Polyesteramide with Long Alkyl Chain End Groups
Authors: Elrehim Mona Abd , Said Shereen , Ghoneim Ahmed , Turky Gamal 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: Hyperbranched polyesteramides were prepared using phethalic anhydride (Ph An) or maleic anhydride (M An) as an A2 monomer and diethanol amine (DEA) as B′B2 monomer. Bulk condensation technique was used to synthesize polymers with both OH and modified polymers with long alkyl chain end groups. The prepared polymers were characterized using 1H‐NMR, FTIR and TGA. Solution viscosity for hyperbranched polyester amide with hydroxyl end groups was measured as well. Dielectric and electric properties of the modified samples were investigated over a range of frequency and temperatures. No relaxation peak is noticed in the dielectric spectrum ε(ν) at various temperatures. The illustration of the imaginary part of the electric modulus M″ versus frequency shows a peak which is shifted towards higher frequency in increasing temperature.
Hyperbranched Polymers in Cationic UV Curing
Authors: Sangermano M. , Amerio E. , Di Gianni A. , Priola A. , Pospiech D. , Voit B. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: A wide range of hyperbranched polymers (HBP) was synthesized and investigated as additives in cationic photopolymerization of epoxy systems. The HBP were inserted into the polymeric network either by a copolymerization or through a chain transfer reaction involving the phenolic hydroxyl groups. By varying the type and concentration of HBP a modification of the bulk properties of photocured films was induced. An increase of toughness properties together with a flexibilization was obtained without affecting the processability and the viscosity of the photocurable mixture. In the presence of fluorine‐containing HBP, a surface modification was induced.
Cycloaddition Reactions and Dendritic Polymer Architectures – A Perfect Match
Authors: Voit Brigitte , Fleischmann Sven , Komber Hartmut , Scheel Arnulf , Stumpe Katrin 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummery: The potential of cycloaddition (CA) reactions for the synthesis of dendritic polymers is pointed out. The [4 + 2] Diels Alder cycloaddition as well as 1,3‐dipolar CA reactions including “click chemistry” are addressed, and the advantages of these reactions like high selectivity, thus high tolerance towards additional functionalities, high yields and synthesis under mild reaction conditions are highlighted. New perfectly branched dendrimers as well as hyperbranched polymers have been prepared and modified using the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction of azines with alkynes. The 1,3‐dipolar CA reaction of bisazine with maleimides results in hyperbranched and thus, irregular and broadly distributed polymers though with a degree of branching of 100% due to special intermediate formation. The [4 + 2] Diels Alder cycloaddition was successfully applied for the synthesis of highly branched polyphenylene structures using the AB2 + AB and the A2 + B3 approach. CA reactions are also very suitable for highly efficient polymer analogous reactions and thus, they can also be used to prepare complex polymer architectures like dendronized polymers.
Amylose and Amylopectin Hybrid Materials via Enzymatic Pathways
Authors: van der Vlist Jeroen , Loos Katja 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: Oligo‐ and polysaccharides are important macromolecules in living systems, showing their multifunctional characteristics in the construction of cell walls, energy storage, cell recognition and their immune response.Saccharides as organic raw materials can open new perspectives on the way to new biocompatible and biodegradable products which could help to overcome the problems resulting from the upcoming restrictions of petrochemical resources. Construction of well‐defined carbohydrate polymer backbones is very challenging as it is difficult to realize complete regio and stereo‐control of the glycosylating process. Most synthetic approaches are therefore based on the modification or degradation of naturally occurring polysaccharides resulting in less then perfect products. Enzymes have several remarkable catalytic properties compared with other types of catalysts in terms of their selectivity, high catalytic activity, lack of undesirable side reactions and operation under mild conditions. A biocatalytic pathway to synthesize saccharides is therefore very attractive as it results in well‐defined polysaccharides avoiding the above drawbacks.When biogenic polysaccharides are combined with synthetic macromolecules, surfaces etc. materials with new interesting properties arise and the processability of the designed hybrid materials is facilitated. Amylose and amylopectin hybrid materials can be synthesized via enzymatic polymerization routes utilizing transferases. This approach opens access to well‐defined hybrid structures bearing amylase or amylopectin moieties that cannot be synthesized by any other means.
Hard and Soft Capsules: From Branched Polymers to Controlled Release via Gels
Authors: Binder Wolfgang H. , Petraru Laura , Weinstabl Harald , Gloger Dietrich , Sachsenhofer Robert 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: Supramolecular gels, made from the combination of telechelic poly (ethyleneglycols) (PEG's) and trivalent poly(isobutylenes) with terminal matching hydrogen bonds were prepared and their rheological properties were investigated. Addition of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) as thermosensitive polymer was included into the gel‐capsules in amounts of 10 w%, producing gels with strongly thermally‐ responsive properties. Additionally, dansyl‐dyes with two different endgroups (either an hydrophobic endgroup or a multiple hydrogen bond) were encapsulated into the gels as mimicks for pharmaceutically active substances. Monitoring their diffusion by UV‐dependent measurements allowed to tune the diffusion and thus the release properties of the gel. The generated supramolecular gels will allow the selective encapsulation and triggered release of various pharmaceuticals and biologically active targets.
Synthesis of Novel Polymers with a Chiral 1,2‐Diamine Moiety by Polycondensation and their Application to Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Aromatic Ketones
Authors: Haraguchi Naoki , Prasad Nilesh anand , Uchiyama Takao , Itsuno Shinichi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: Novel polymers with chiral 1,2‐diamine moiety were successfully synthesized by polycondensation of N‐Boc protected enantiopure 1,2‐diamine bearing two phenol groups (S,S)‐4, bisphenol derivatives, and dibromides, followed by deprotection of N‐Boc moiety. Hydrogenation of acetophenone was performed with use of polymeric catalyst system prepared from the polymer‐supported chiral 1,2‐diamine and RuCl2/(S)‐BINAP. The reaction proceeded smoothly even in 2‐propanol to give 1‐phenylethanol in quantitative yield with high level of enantioselectivity. Furthermore, various other aromatic ketones could be asymmetrically hydrogenated by the polymeric catalyst system.
Novel Approaches to Metallization of Cellulose by Reduction of Cellulose‐Incorporated Copper and Nickel Ions
Authors: Kotelnikova N. , Vainio U. , Pirkkalainen K. , Serimaa R. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: Copper and nickel nanoparticles were synthesized in the insoluble microcrystalline cellulose support by reduction of metal ions with several reducers in various media resulting in cellulose‐metal nanocomposites. Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering results showed that supramolecular structure of cellulose did not change. Crystalline Cu2O and Cu0 nanoparticles were prepared with reducers NaBH4 and N2H4 · H2SO4, CuO nanoparticles – with cellulose itself as a reducer. Crystalline Ni0 nanoparticles were synthesized with N2H4 · 2HCl and NaBH4; Ni0 nanoparticles in amorphous form were prepared with KH2PO2 · H2O. SEM revealed large agglomerates of metal particles on the fibre surface. ASAXS and TEM have shown the nanoparticles to be in the range 5–55 nm.
“Grafting From” ‐Living Cationic Polymerization of Poly(isobutylene) from Silica‐Nanoparticle Surfaces
Authors: Zirbs Ronald , Binder Wolfgang , Gahleitner Markus , Machl Doris 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: This publication discusses the development of new methods for producing organic‐inorganic core‐shell‐nanoparticles (NP's) via a combination of “grafting‐from” techniques and living cationic polymerization reactions. Based on the surface initiated, quasiliving cationic polymerization of isobutylene, polymeric shells of polyisobutylene (PIB) were attached onto nanoparticles (silica NP's of different sizes, r = 12–40 nm) with a high degree of precision. “Grafting‐from” polymerization provides an ideal method to control the number of polymer chains per particle by means of the degree of initial derivatization and the length of the polymeric chains. The resulting nanocomposite materials were analyzed using DLS, TEM, GPC, TGA, DSC.
Ag Nanocomposite Particles: Preparation, Characterization and Application
Authors: Lu Y. , Yu M. , Drechsler M. , Ballauff M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary Herein, we report that different core‐shell particles could be successfully used as the carrier systems for the deposition of silver nanoparticles. Firstly, thermosensitive core‐shell microgel particles have been used as the carrier system for the deposition of Ag nanoparticles, in which the core consists of poly (styrene) (PS) whereas the shell consists of poly (N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) network cross‐linked by N, N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (BIS). Immersed in water the shell of these particles is swollen. Heating the suspension above 32 °C leads to a volume transition within the shell, which is followed by a marked shrinking of the network of the shell. Secondly, “nano‐tree” type polymer brush can be used as “nanoreactor” for the generation of silver nanoparticles also. This kind of carrier particles consists of a solid core of PS onto which bottlebrush chains synthesized by the macromonomer poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) are affixed by “grafting from” technique. Thirdly, silver nanoparticles can be in‐situ immobilized onto polystyrene (PS) core‐polyacrylic acid (PAA) polyelectrolyte brush particles by UV irradiation. Monodisperse Ag nanoparticles with diameter of 8.5 nm, 7.5 nm and 3 nm can be deposited into thermosensitive microgels, “nano‐tree” type polymer brushes and polyelectrolyte brush particles, respectively. Moreover, obtained silver nano‐composites show different catalytic activity for the catalytic reduction of p‐nitrophenol depending on the carrier system used for preparation.
Swelling of the Zwitterionic Copolymer Networks and Dehydration of their Hydrogels
Authors: Kamenova I. , Harrass M. , Lehmann B. , Friedrich K. , Ivanov I. , Georgiev G. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSummary: The polyelectrolyte and antipolyelectrolyte effects on the degree of swelling (Q) and dehydration activation energy (Ea) of homo‐ and copolymer single and double networks, consisting of monomer units with polyelectrolyte and antipolyelectrolyte association abilities are determined and compared. An original correlation between Q and Ea is outlined and explained.