bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Genus Squamarina in Scandinavia
Authors: Timdal E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Scandinavian distribution of the species of Squamarina is mapped and discussed. Squamarina magnussonii is reported as new to Scandinavia and S. gypsacea and S. pachylepidea as new to Norway. A key to the species is provided and some notes on their morphology, chemistry and ecology are given.
Ultrastructure of Stigonema in the Cephalodia of Stereocaulon Paschale
Authors: Bergman Birgitta , Huss-Danell Kerstin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSince seasonal variation in the nitrogenase activity of Stereocaulon paschale is known, the infrastructure of Stigonema in the cephalodia was examined in thalli of S. paschale collected from under snow in late winter, and from bare ground in late autumn. In contrast to the Stigonema cells of the autumn material, those of the winter material were relatively devoid of osmiophilic (lipid) droplets and polyglucoside and cyanophycin granules, reflecting that carbon and nitrogen storage products had been metabolized. In young cephalodia dividing cells were common, while in old cephalodia degenerating cells predominated. Haustoria appeared in material collected in both seasons, but may be limited to degenerating Stigonema cells or to Stigonema cells with a low metabolic activity.
The Saxicolous Species of Rinodina in New Zealand
Authors: Mayrhofer H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSeventeen saxicolous species of Rinodina are recognized in New Zealand, including five species new to science (R. gallowayii, R. jamesii, R. murrayii, R. nigricans and R. tibellii spp. nov.), one new combination (R. otagensis (Zahlbr.) comb, nov.), and six new records (R. bischoffii, R. gennarii, R. immersa, R. lecanorina, R. lecideina and R. teichophila). Names of five taxa in Buellia have been placed in synonomy. Distributional data are provided for all species. A key is given, and the various definitive spore types are illustrated.
The Occurrence of Copper Oxalate in Lichens Growing on Copper Sulphide-Bearing Rocks In Scandinavia
Authors: Purvis O. W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractInvestigation of two sites in the Caledonian allochthon of the central part of the Scandinavian peninsula has shown that several copper tolerant lichens occur on cupriferous substrates. Analysis of the thalli of two of these species, Acarospora rugulosa and Lecidea theiodes, using atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis has revealed that copper occurs at high concentrations (5% Cu dry weight) principally as crystals of copper oxalate (1–5 μm diam) encrusting the fungal hyphae within the medulla.
A Geometric Technique for Evaluating Lichen Growth Models Using the Boundaries of Competing Thalli
Authors: Dale M. R. T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWhere two crustose lichen thalli meet at a ‘ truce ’ boundary theshape of the boundary can be used to evaluate models of how lichen growth rates change with thallus size. The application of this method to studies of intra- and interspecific competition are discussed.
Comments on Caliciales Exsiccatae III
Authors: Tibell L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA third fascicle of a lichen exsiccata containing species of Caliciales has been issued; 24 species from New Zealand arc included. Remarks on taxonomy, chemistry, ecology and distribution are given here. Detailed descriptions of Calicium cryptocroceum Tibell, Coniocybe amabilis Tibell and Sphaerophorus notatus Tibellare provided. In addition to the three species described as new in the schedae, Calicium glaucellum Ach., Chaenotheca brunneola (Ach.) Müll. Arg., C. carthusiae (Harm.) Lettau, C. ferruginea (Turnerex Sm.) Migula, C. hispidula (Ach.) Zahlbr., C. stemonea (Ach.) Mull. Arg., Chaenothecopsis debilis (Turner & Borrer) Tibell, C. lignicola (Nádv.) A. Schmidt, C. pusilla (Flörke) A. Schmidt, C. savonica (Räs.) Tibell, C. viridireagens (Nádv.) A. Schmidt, Microcalicium arenarium (Hampe ex Massal.) Tibell, and M. disseminatum (Ach.) Vain, are reported new to the Southern Hemisphere; Chaenotheca trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr., Coniocybe gracillima Vainioand C. sanguinea Tibell new to Australasia and Microcalicium conversum Tibell and Mycocalicium subtile (Pers.) Szat. new to New Zealand.
A New Species of Lichenostigma, A Lichenicolous Ascomycete
Authors: Thor G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLichenostigma rugosa sp. nov. is reported from Europe, North Africa, Asia and the USA. Only one species of Lichenostigma, L. maureri, from Europe and Asia, was previously known. L. rugosa differs chiefly in having spores with deep irregular fissures. L. maureri is reported for the first time from South America (Argentina, Peru), the British Isles and Sweden.
The Hyphomycetous Anamorph of Coniocybe Furfuracea
Authors: Honegger Rosmarie 
Published: May 2007

AbstractUnder favourable climatic conditions the mycobiont of Coniocybe furfuracea bears masses of conidia in chains on macronematous conidiophores. The same type of conidia were also formed by axenically grown mycobionts which had been isolated from single ascospores. Germinating conidia were found on the thalli. Coniocybe furfuracea is one of the very few lichen mycobionts so far known with a teleomorph and hyphomycetous anamorph.
A Comparative Study of the Lichens Occurring on the Geologically Distinctive Mountains Ben Loyal, Ben Hope and Foinaven
Authors: Gilbert O. L. , Fox B. W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe lichen floras occurring on high-level quartzite, Moine granulite, syenite and calcareous schist in the northern Highlands of Scotland are compared. Rock mineralogy is of overriding importance in determining the assemblages present, though this factor can be modified by extraneous nutrients. Local climatic conditions favour a cloud zone community dominated by ‘alectorioid’ species, produce stony ablation surfaces at a low level and allow maritime species to grow far inland. Ben Hope, with 34 ‘ rare ’ species recorded, is confirmed as a major site for alpine calcicolous lichens. Lecanora chlorophaeodes Nyl., a species new to Britain, is reported from the summit of Ben Loyal. In contrast, the extremely hard, acid, nutrient-deficient quartzite of Foinaven displayed a flora characterized by a very low species diversity.
The Accumulation of Metals in Caloplaca Aurantia Growing on Concrete Roof Tiles
Authors: Garty J. , Galun Margalith , Hochberg Y. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe lichen Caloplaca aurantia, when growing on concrete roof tiles, accumulates high concentrations of heavy metals. The uptake correlates with the ambient metal concentration. The results of lichen and substratum analyses of samples from a heavily polluted area indicate that the concentrations of metals in the lichen are many times higher than in the substratum. The relative content of the eight metals, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd was determined. The content of Fe, Cr, Ni and Cd was not significantly different in the various tile zones sampled. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd were mainly taken up by the lichen directly from the atmosphere. The uptake of these metals from the tile is almost negligible. The maximum uptake of Pb by C. aurantia from the tile glaze was 10.95°° of the total amount in the lichen. The presence of the lichen on the tiles prevents the penetration of Pb, Zn and Mn into the substratum.
Rhizocarpon Santessonii, A New Parasitic Lichen from Norway
Authors: Timdal E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRhizocarpon (subgenus Phaeothallus) santessonii sp. nov. is described from Norway. The species grows immersed in the areolae of Tremolecia atrata when young and later develops autonomous areolae. The species is further characterized by a yellowish grey thallus containing an unidentified pigment, a non-amyloidmedulla, and 1-septate spores which are persistently colourless or become unevenly brownwith age.
The Lichen Flora of Gwynedd
Authors: Pentecost A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe lichen flora of the county of Gwynedd, north-west Wales, is described. The flora includes 851 species and 19 subspecies and varieties. The work comprises sections on: climate; geology; land use and vegetation; history of lichenology, 1680–1985; corticolous flora, with classification and description of the important woodland sites; inland saxicolous flora, dealing with acid, intermediate and basic rock, the effects of altitude and aspect, the flora of seepages, streams and lakes; heath and moorland flora; coastal flora classified into the recognized zones of the marine littoral, mesic, submesic and xeric supralittoral; aspects of conservation, pollution; and the lichen flora itself. The latter includes a brief description of the ecology and distribution of each species and all of the currently known 10-km2 records for the species in the county.
Studies on the Genus Nephroma I. The European and Macaronesian Species
Authors: James P. W. , White F. Joy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper reassesses the European and Macaronesian species of Nephroma, analyses their chemistry, and provides a key to the 14 species accepted. The investigation employs chemical techniques which enable even fragmentary material to be identified. Seven chemical groupings are recognized in the genus of which four occur in the species discussed here. Particular emphasis is placed on the distribution of major hopane triterpenoids within the genus. N. areolatum, N. foliolatum, N. hensseniae and N. sulcatum spp. nov. are described from Macaronesia, and N. tangeriense (Maheu & A. Gillet) Zahlbr., is accepted as distinct.
Sagenidiopsis, A New Genus Of Byssoid Lichenized Fungi
Authors: Rogers R. W. , Hafellner J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe genus Sagenidiopsis gen. nov. of uncertain family in the order Opegraphales is erected for a byssoid lichen which occurs in the cool temperate rainforests of the Macpherson Range of eastern Australia, S. merrotsii sp. nov. The genus is characterized by its byssoid thallus and bitunicate asci which have no amyloid structures apparent in the tholus. A byssoid thallus is without taxonomic significance at the family level, but is an ecological key character.
The Indicator Value of a Set of Lichen Species Assessed with the Help of Log-Linear Models
Authors: Zobel K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe value of 19 epiphytic lichen species as air pollution indicators was tested in the Khamar-Daban mountain range in east Siberia. Frequency of occurrence of a species was used as the indicator characteristic. Altitude and distance from the pollution source were considered as environmental factors. The methodology of fitting log-linear models to contingency tables with presence/absence (frequency) scale as an additional dimension is presented. The significance of changes in species frequency is studied by examining the significance of the model parameters, which account for interactions of the environmental factors with the ‘frequency factor’. Only two species, Parmelia caperata and P. olivacea, were found to be good pollution indicators in that they showed a uniform monotonic (unidirectional) response to the factor of distance at all altitudes. The frequency of 12 species changed significantly and monotonically with distance in one or two altitudinal zones.
Studies on the Destruction of Lecanora Conizaeoides By the Lichenicolous Fungus Athelia Arachnoidea
Authors: Gilbert O. L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo-years' observation of Athelia arachnoidea lesions in the field showed that they are long-lived perennial structures. In the Sheffield area, central parts of lesions become recolonized by Lecanora conizaeoides only after secondary infection by the lichen parasite Lichenoconium erodens followed by an invasion of the green alga Desmococcus naegelii. A. arachnoidea is active only during the winter months probably as a result of the higher humidity. The role of the sclerotia remains obscure.
The Lichen Flora of Ben Lawers
Authors: Gilbert O. L. , Coppins B. J. , Fox B. W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn account of the lichens of the Ben Lawers–Meall nan Tarmachan area is provided. After re-evaluating the older records, 431 species are accepted as having been reliably recorded from high ground of which 118 are reported for the first time. These include Bacidia carneopallida, Caloplaca ammiospila, C. approximata, Catapyrenium daedaleum, Ionaspis cyanocarpa, Micarea crassipes, Ochrolechia inaequatula, Omphalina pararustica, Phaeophyscia endococcina, Porocyphus rehmtcus, Protolhelenella leucothelia, Stereocaulon tornensis, and Toninia fusispora new to the British Isles. Rarities are particularly numerous on the summit cliffs and in the Lochan nan Cat corrie. An ecological description of the lichen flora of the main localities is provided. Evidence is advanced that this concentration of arctic-alpine lichens is a result of the coincidence of strongly calcareous bands within the mica-schist, an unusually severe climate, and the rugged topography which provides extensive outcrops right to the summit. The lichen flora is probably the most outstanding feature of the botany of Ben Lawers; this survey confirms the international importance of the area. One new species, Pyrenopsis multispora Coppins, is described and three new combinations are made: Bacidia carneopallida (Müll. Arg.) Coppins, B. tetramera (de Not.) Coppins, Kiliasia scotinodes (Nyl.) Coppins.
Phycobionts of Some Japanese Species of the Graphidaceae
Authors: Nakano T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractNinety-two specimens (of 26 species belonging to four genera) of the Graphidaceae were collected from various areas in Japan. Their phycobionts were isolated and studied taxonomically. The phycobionts were all identical and identified as Trentepohlia lagenifera, an alga that is widely distributed in Japan. It occurs freeliving on bark and stones under humid conditions. This alga forms zoosporangia abundantly in the field and in culture but not in the lichenized state.
The Species of Leproloma—the name for The Lepraria Membranacea Group
Authors: Laundon J. R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe Lepraria membranacea group is shown to constitute the genus Leproloma Nyl. ex Crombie, characterized by the presence of dibenzofurans. A full account of the genus and four species is given: L. angardianum (Øvstedal) Laundon comb, nov., L. diffusum Laundon sp. nov., L. membranaceum (Dickson) Vainio, and L. vouauxii (Hue) Laundon comb. nov. The species L. diffusum comprises var. diffusum and var. chrysodetoides Laundon var. nov. Fertile material of L. membranaceum was found in the 18th century; the morphology and chemistry of this suggests that the genus may tentatively be included in the ascomycete family Pannariaceae. Leproloma angardianum has a powdery thallus in shade but a granular thallus in sun. Lepraria arctica is a synonym of Leproloma vouauxii. The latter species contains a newly identified compound, methyl pannaric acid, and L. diffusum also contains a new compound, oxypannaric acid.
Notes on Aquatic Species of Verrucaria in the British Isles
Authors: Hawksworth D. L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractVerrucaria elaeomeleana (Massal.) Arnold s.str. is confirmed for the British Isles and its separation from V. funckii (Sprengel) Zahlbr. is discussed. Additional records are provided for V. latebrosa Körber. Verrucaria aquilella Nyl. and V. fuscocinerascens Nyl. are confirmed as synonyms of V. aethiobola Wahlenb., while V. conturmatula Nyl. is shown to be based on immature material of Polycoccum microsticticum (Leighton ex Mudd) Arnold growing on Hymenelia lacustris. The British record of V. amylacea Hepp is referred to V. praetermissa (Trevisan) Anzi, and that of V. collematodes Garov. is referred to V. fusconigrescens Nyl.
Niche Relationships Amongst Rhizocarpon Species at Jonas Rockslide, Alberta, Canada
Authors: John Elizabeth , Dale M. R. T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwelve species of Rhizocarpon coexist with 94 other species of saxicolous lichens at Jonas Rockslide, Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. The position of each Rhizocarpon species in the community is assessed with respect to environmental factors and biotic relationships. Each species shows distinct correlations with measured environmental factors and a different set of interactions with other species. Rhizocarpon bolanderi and R. superficiale stand out as opposites with regard to their biotic associations and environmental correlations. Competition between pairs of Rhizocarpon species is predicted to vary in intensity, as some species pairs never occupy the same microenvironment, whereas others frequently occur in similar locations. Using thallus diameter as a measure, there is evidence of high recruitment rates into populations of the sub-genus Phaeothallus and lower recruitment rates in the sub-genus Rhizocarpon.
Biological Ice Nucleation Activity in Lichen Mycobionts and Photobionts
Authors: Kieft Thomas L. , Ahmadjian Vernon 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAxenic cultures of lichen mycobionts and photobionts were assayed for biological ice nucleation activity (INA), a characteristic which has recently been discovered in some species of lichens collected from nature. Of 14 species of mycobionts, five showed nuclei active at −5°C or warmer, while none of the 13 photobionts tested had INA at that temperature. It appears that biological ice nuclei in lichens are produced primarily by the mycobiont. Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca had the greatest INA. Other lichen fungi showing warm temperature INA were Cladonia boryi, Cladonia rangiferina, Lecanora dispersa, and Pertusaria flavicans. Lichen INA may be involved in moisture uptake and/or frost protection.
Carotenoids in Some Lichen Species from Ireland
Authors: Czeczuga B. , Richardson D. H. S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractColumn and thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of the following carotenoids in the thalli of seven lichen species from Ireland: α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, 3'-epilutein, adonixanthin, α-doradexanthin, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, antheraxanthin, lutein epoxide, neoxanthin and violaxanthin. The total content of carotenoids ranged from 11.9 μg g−1 dry wt in Menegazzia terebrata to 21·3 μg g−1 dry wt in Usnea rubicunda.
The Lichen Flora of Urban Wasteland
Authors: Gilbert O. L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe lichen colonization of recently created urban wasteland is described by referenceto 40 sites in England, Scotland and Wales. The 100 species encountered form a series of overlapping communities in which successional relationships over the first 16 years have been investigated. Floristic variation within towns tends to be greater than variation between them. Ona national scale climatological, geological and historical factors appear to play only a small part in determining the composition of this pioneering flora. Many species can be accommodated within the strategy group stress-tolerant ruderals; a few possess the character of ruderals. The heyday of this component of the urban flora may be drawing to a close. Acarospora heppii f. luteopruinosa, Lecidea polycarpella and Micarea excipulata are reported as new to Britain.
New combinations and synonyms in the Lichinaceae
Authors: Henssen Aino , Jørgensen Per Magnus 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe following new combinations are made: Anema cernohorskyi (Servít) Henssen, A. prodigulum(Nyl.) Henssen, Cryptothelelaatokkaënsis (Vainio) Henssen, C. rhodosticta (Taylor) Henssen, Gonohymenia heppii (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, G. iodopulchra (Crozals) Henssen, G. minnesotensis (Fink) Henssen, G. polyspora (Magnusson) Henssen, G. schleicheri (Hepp) Henssen, Metamelanea caesiella (Th. Fr.) Henssen, Paulia myriocarpa (Zahlbr.) Henssen, P. pyrenoides (Nyl.) Henssen, P. schroederi (Zahlbr.) Henssen, Peccania arabica (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, P. teretiuscula (Flagey) Henssen, P. tiruncula (Nyl.) Henssen, Pterygiopsis coracodiza (Nyl.) Henssen, P. umbilicaia (Vezda) Henssen, Thelignya groenlandica(Dahl) Henssen, T. Hgnyota (Wahlenb.) P. M. Jørg. & Henssen, Thyrea pachyphylla (Müll. Arg.) Henssen, T.pachyphylla var. laxa (Müll. Arg.) Henssen. The following new names (one as a new species) were found necessary: Pyrenopsis haematina P. M. Jørg. & Henssen and Thyrea confusa Henssen. New synonyms are given for several names. The world-wide distribution of the genera Phloeopeccania and Pterygiopsis is mentioned.
New Ramalina Species From Porto Santo, Madeira
Authors: Krog Hildur 
Published: May 2007

AbstractRamalina erosa Krog, R. jamesii Krog, R. portosantana Krog, and R. timdaliana Krog are described as new from Porto Santo, Madeira. All four species are saxicolous and occur at or below c. 500 m alt. They are believed to belong in the Macaronesian endemic element.
Omphalora, A New Genus in the Parmeliaceae
Authors: Nash III Thomas H. , Hafellner Josef , Common Ralph S. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe status of four umbilicate lichens with lecanorine apothecia and hyaline, 1-celled ascospores is reviewed. It is concluded that Omphalodium should be emended to exclude O. arizonicum and consequently a new genus Omphalora T. Nash & Hafellner is proposed. Differences in anatomy, morphology, pseudocyphellae type, pigmentation and cell wall chemistry, and ascal dehiscence provide the primary justification for the new genus.
Lichen Recolonization of Trees in the Jardin du Luxembourg, Paris
Authors: Seaward M. R. D. , Letrouit-Galinou M. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA recent survey of epiphytic lichens in the Jardin du Luxembourg has shown there to be a marked improvement in the air quality of Paris over the past decade. Recolonization by at least 11 lichen species has occurred during that period. It has taken almost 100 years for epiphytic lichens to re-establish in the Jardin du Luxembourg, where William Nylander in the 1890s was able to amply confirm his far reaching hypothesis, made 30 years earlier, on the direct relationship between lichen survival and air pollution.
Stromatopogon Baldwinii Zahlbr., A Lichenicolous Elomycete With Dimorphic Conidia
Authors: Diederich Paul 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe lichenicolous coelomycete Stromatopogon baldwinii., forming galls on Usnea inTasmania and the Sandwich Islands, has a type of conidiogenesis not previously recognized amongst lichenized and lichenicolous fungi. Two different types of conidia, small simple microconidia and large submuriform macroconidia, are produced in the same conidioma, but in different regionsof the inner conidiomatal wall. The same kind of cells of the conidiomatal wall act as conidiogenous cells when macroconidia are produced, or give rise to elongated ramified conidiophoreswhen microconidia are produced.
European Taxa of Saxicolous Lecidella Containing Chloroxanthones:Identification of Patterns Using Thin Layer Chromatography
Authors: Leuckert Ch. , Knoph J.-G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA method using TLC to recognize compound patterns consisting almost entirely of chloroxanthones in European saxicolous species of Lecidella is described. These are necessary for diagnosis of the taxa studied and of their chemotypes. Two solvents with complementary separatingqualities were required: C, toluene-glacial acetic acid (100:15); J, dichloromethane-acetone (4:1). Although the Rf values in solvent J strongly depend on the concentration of the substances, it is very suitable for identification because the xanthones in this system reveal distinct and characteristic fluorescence colours in UV light, simplifying interpretation enormously. No spray reagents are used. Identifications are made by co-chromatography with authentic lichencompounds