bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraprocedural Volume Imaging of the Left Atrium and Pulmonary Veins with Rotational X‐Ray Angiography: Implications for Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: THIAGALINGAM ARAVINDA , MANZKE ROBERT , D'AVILA ANDRE , HO IVAN , LOCKE ANDREW H. , RUSKIN JEREMY N. , CHAN RAYMOND C. , REDDY VIVEK Y. 
Published: November 2007

Introduction:
The use of preprocedural CT or MR imaging to generate patient‐specific cardiac anatomy greatly facilitates catheter ablation of the left atrium and pulmonary veins (LA‐PVs) to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). This report details the accuracy and utility of an intraprocedural means to generate 3‐D volumetric renderings of the LA‐PV anatomy: contrast‐enhanced rotational X‐ray angiography (3DRA).
Methods and Results:
Preprocedural CT or MR imaging and intraprocedural rotational angiography was performed in 42 patients undergoing AF ablation procedures. Initially, pulmonary artery (PA) bolus‐chase contrast injections were performed (20 mL, 20 mL/s) to establish pulmonary transit time and cardiac isocentering. Depending on cardiac size, either a single PA injection (80–100 mL, 20 mL/s) or two separate dedicated left/right PA branch injections were performed (60 mL each, 20 mL/s). For the latter, the two volumes of the left/right portions of the LA‐PVs were registered and fused. LA‐PV 3DRA images were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively in comparison with CT/MR images. The majority of the 3DRA acquisitions (71%) were deemed at least “useful” in delineating the LA‐PV anatomy. The LA appendage was delineated in 57% of the cases. A blinded quantitative comparison of PV ostial diameters resulted in an absolute difference of only 2.7 ± 2.3 mm, 2.2 ± 1.8 mm, 2.4 ± 2.2 mm, and 2.2 ± 2.3 mm for the left‐superior, left‐inferior, right‐superior, and right‐inferior PVs, respectively. The feasibility for registering the 3DRA image with real‐time electroanatomical mapping was also demonstrated.
Conclusion:
Intraprocedural contrast‐enhanced rotational angiography provides volumetric 3‐D images of the LA‐PVs of comparable diagnostic value to dedicated preprocedural CT/MR imaging.
New‐Onset Heart Failure After Permanent Right Ventricular Apical Pacing in Patients with Acquired High‐Grade Atrioventricular Block and Normal Left Ventricular Function
Authors: ZHANG XUE‐HUA , CHEN HUA , SIU CHUNG‐WAH , YIU KAI‐HANG , CHAN WING‐SZE , LEE KATHY L. , CHAN HON‐WAH , LEE STEPHEN W. , FU GUO‐SHENG , LAU CHU‐PAK , TSE HUNG‐FAT 
Published: November 2007

Introduction:
Emerging data have suggested that right ventricular (RV) apical pacing results in progressive left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and contributes to the development of heart failure (HF). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical predictors for the development of new‐onset HF after long‐term RV apical pacing in patients with acquired atrioventricular (AV) block who require permanent pacing.
Methods:
We studied the clinical outcomes after long‐term RV apical pacing for acquired AV block in 304 patients without a prior history of HF. All patients had >90% ventricular pacing as determined by device diagnostic data.
Results:
After a median follow‐up of 7.8 years, 79 patients (26.0%) developed new‐onset HF after RV apical pacing. Univariate Cox‐regression analysis revealed that older age at the time of pacemaker implantation (P < 0.001), the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (P < 0.001) or atrial fibrillation (P = 0.03), VVI pacemaker (P < 0.001), wider paced QRS duration (P < 0.001), and new‐onset myocardial infarction (P < 0.001) were predictors for HF. Multivariate analysis revealed that older age at implantation (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.06, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.04–1.09, P < 0.001), CAD (HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.12–3.50, P < 0.05), and a wider paced QRS duration (HR 1.27 for each 10 ms increment, 95% CI 1.11–1.45, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of HF. Furthermore, cardiovascular mortality was significantly increased in those with HF (36.7% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
After a median follow‐up of 7.8 years, permanent RV apical pacing was associated with HF in 26% of patients. Elderly age at the time of implant, a wider paced QRS duration and the presence of CAD independently predicted new‐onset HF. More importantly, HF after RV apical pacing was associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality.
Nursing Research Priorities for Ireland
Authors: Drennan Jonathan , Meehan Therese , Kemple Mary , Johnson Maree , Treacy Margaret (Pearl) , Butler Michelle 
Published: November 2007

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to identify and rate clinical, managerial, and educational nursing research priorities in Ireland.
Design:
The study design was a three‐round, decision Delphi survey to identify and rate the importance of clinical, managerial, and educational research issues. A discussion group workshop was also undertaken to identify timeframes within which research on the issues identified should be conducted. A total of 1,695 nurses from all divisions of the nursing register in Ireland were initially surveyed. Response rates varied over the three rounds of the Delphi survey. A total of 122 nurses attended the discussion group workshop. This is the largest known survey of nurses to identify research priorities reported in the literature.
Results:
Twenty‐four nursing research priorities were identified. The five highest priorities were three clinical issues: outcomes of care delivery, staffing issues in practice, communication in clinical practice; and two managerial issues: recruitment and retention of nurses, and nursing input into health policy and decision‐making.
Conclusions:
These research priorities identified for nursing in Ireland indicate, to an extent, the nursing research priorities identified in other European countries and in North America. The research priorities identified in this survey indicate that outcomes of care and the need to make nursing visible are attaining a higher priority than seen in previous studies. Also evident is that nursing shortages and increasing skill‐mix in the clinical area have indicated a need for research into nurse recruitment, staff turnover, and staffing levels and how these issues affect patient outcomes. The priorities suggest research programmes that target the health service concerns identified in the national health agenda, such as the need to identify protocols and procedures that improve patient and client care outcomes and to examine and test solutions to workforce problems.
Using Geographic Information Systems in Injury Research
Authors: Edelman Linda S. 
Published: November 2007

Purpose:
To provide an overview of geographic information systems (GIS) and to discuss current and future applications in injury and trauma research.
Design:
Literature review and discourse of GIS technology related to injury and trauma research.
Method:
A search of scientific literature databases, text books, and online resources was undertaken to describe the current and prospective uses of GIS in injury and trauma research.
Results:
Geographic information systems are computerized mapping systems that link information from different data sets spatially. The advantage of GIS is the capability to graphically display different attributes of an area in a way that is easily interpretable. Geographic information systems have been used to study injury rates, describe populations at risk for injury, examine access to trauma care, and develop and assess injury prevention programs.
Conclusions:
Geographic information systems are tools for injury researchers to analyze injury rates and risks and to describe their results with colorful maps and graphics that allow the public to see how injuries affect their communities.
A Systematic Review of Published Research Articles on Health Promotion at Retirement
Authors: Wilson Donna M. , Palha Pedro 
Published: November 2007

Purpose: To determine the state of science and accumulated research evidence about health promotion at retirement.
Design: A comprehensive and repeated search for published research articles focused on health promotion immediately before or following retirement was undertaken through early 2007.
Methods: Twenty articles were systematically reviewed with qualitative content analysis methods.
Findings: Four themes in the literature are: (a) the considerable effect of retirement on retiring individuals and thus the need for support for more positive retirements, (b) identifying and overcoming barriers to health promotion at retirement, (c) evaluating the methods by which health promotion is introduced for positive and long‐term change, and (d) describing the short‐ and long‐term benefits of health promotion at retirement.
Conclusions: Although this literature review showed relatively minimal research to date on this topic, health promotion at retirement is of considerable importance for retirees, as well as to the political, social, and healthcare leaders responsible for drafting policies and programs to help improve health and wellness in older adults.
Women With High‐Risk Pregnancies, Problems, and APN Interventions
Authors: Brooten Dorothy , Youngblut JoAnne M. , Donahue Deborah , Hamilton Margaret , Hannan Jean , Felber Neff Donna 
Published: November 2007

Purpose: To (a) describe women's prenatal and postpartum problems and advanced practice nurses (APN) interventions; and (b) determine if problems and APN interventions differed by women's medical diagnosis (diabetes, hypertension, preterm labor).
Design and Methods: Content analysis of 85 interaction logs created by APNs during a randomized clinical trial in which half of physician‐provided prenatal care was substituted with APN‐provided prenatal care in the women's homes. Patients' problems and APN interventions were classified with the Omaha Classification System.
Findings: A total of 212,835 health problems and 212,835 APN interventions were identified. The dominant antenatal problems were physiologic (59.2%) and health‐related behaviors (33.3%); postpartum were physiologic (44.0%) and psychosocial problems (31.6%). Antenatally, women with diabetes had significantly more health‐related behavior problems; women with preterm labor had more physiologic problems. APN surveillance interventions predominated antenatally (65.6%) and postpartum (66.0%), followed by health teaching, guidance, and counseling both antenatally (25.4%) and postpartum (28.1%). Women with chronic hypertension required significantly more case‐management interventions.
Conclusions: The categories of women's problems were largely similar across medical diagnostic groups. Interventions to address women's problems ranged from assessing maternal and fetal physiologic states to teaching interpersonal relationships and self‐care management to assisting with transportation and housing. Data show the range of APN knowledge and skills needed to improve maternal and infant outcomes and ultimately reduce healthcare costs in women with high‐risk pregnancies.
Nurse Practitioners' and Physicians' Views of NPs as Providers of Primary Care to Veterans
Authors: Fletcher Carol E. , Jill Baker S. , Copeland Laurel A. , Reeves Pamela J. , Lowery Julie C. 
Published: November 2007

Purpose: To describe NPs' and MDs' perceptions of the role of NPs, the degree of collegiality between professions, and NPs' feeling of acceptance, three relationship components that may affect the acceptance of NPs as providers of primary care.
Design and Methods: A descriptive study including both closed‐ and open‐ended questions plus several Likert‐type questions conducted June‐August 2004. Our sample included all primary care NPs (87) and MDs (162) within a Midwestern Veterans Health Administration (VHA) region. Data were collected from 153 providers.
Findings: NPs saw their role as one of autonomous practice with physician back‐up as needed, while MD respondents envisioned a role akin to a physician extender. Most of the physician respondents did not think NPs could provide adequate primary care to veterans who tend to have many comorbid conditions. Yet both groups considered their relationships to be collegial and most NPs felt accepted by physicians. MDs particularly valued NPs' teaching and interpersonal skills leading to greater patient satisfaction.
Conclusions: To facilitate the teamwork of NPs and MDs while improving utilization of NPs as primary care providers, VHA officials should routinely clarify roles, monitor quality of care of both MDs and NPs, and provide feedback to all concerned.
Host‐related life history traits in interspecific hybrids of cactophilicDrosophila
Authors: Soto E. M. , Soto I. M. , Carreira V. P. , Fanara J. J. , Hasson E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn the genusDrosophila(Diptera: Drosophilidae), interspecific hybridization is a rare phenomenon. However, recent evidence suggests a certain degree of introgression between the cactophilic siblingsDrosophila buzzatiiPatterson & Wheeler andDrosophila koepferaeFontdevila & Wasserman. In this article, we analyzed larval viability and developmental time of hybrids between males ofD. buzzatiiand females ofD. koepferae, raised in media prepared with fermenting tissues of natural host plants that these species utilize in nature as breeding sites. In all cases, developmental time and larval viability in hybrids was not significantly different from parental lines and, depending on the cross, hybrids developed faster than both parental species or than the slowest species. When data of wing length were included in a discriminant function analysis, we observed that both species can be clearly differentiated, while hybrids fell in two categories, one intermediate between parental species and the other consisting of extreme phenotypes. Thus, our results point out that hybrid fitness, as measured by developmental time and viability, is not lower than in the parental species.
Accuracy of body image perception and preferred weight loss strategies in schizophrenia: a controlled pilot study
Authors: Loh C. , Meyer J. M. , Leckband S. G. 
Published: November 2007

Objective:  Obesity in severely mentally ill (SMI) populations is an increasing problem, but there is no controlled data regarding the relationship between SMI and weight perception.Method:  Fifty patients with schizophrenia and 50 demographically matched control participants were recruited. Weight, height, and body image accuracy were assessed for all participants, and assessments of mood, psychotic symptom severity and anxiety, and preferred modes of weight loss were assessed for the schizophrenia sample.Results:  Patients with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to be obese than controls (46% vs. 18%, P < 0.005), and most patients expressed an interest in losing weight. Obese participants with schizophrenia underestimated their body size (11.0%) more than controls (4.9%) (P < 0.05).Conclusion:  Patients with schizophrenia are more likely to underestimate their body size, independent of the effects of obesity. However, they also express concern about weight issues and willingness to participate in psychoeducational groups targeted at weight loss.
African tick bite fever – Papulovesicular exanthem with fever after staying in South Africa
Authors: Schuster Jan , Tantcheva‐Poor Iliana , Wickenhauser Claudia , Chemnitz Jens‐Marcus , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Krieg Thomas , Hartmann Karin 
Published: November 2007

SummaryIn the wake of expanding international tourism, rickettsioses are increasingly observed also in central Europe. African tick bite fever is a recently described, acute febrile illness with characteristic skin lesions.It is caused by Rickettsia africae, which is transmitted to humans by ticks of the Amblyomma genus. A 60‐year‐old woman presented with a papulovesic‐ular exanthem, fever, and headache after returning from South Africa. A purple nodule with central necrosis (“tache noire”or “inoculation eschar”) was noticed on the lower leg. Antibodies against rickettsia of the spotted fever group were detected serologically. Oral doxycycline led to clearance of the disease after few days of treatment.
Installation of a network for patients with congenital melanocytic nevi in German‐speaking countries
Authors: Krengel Sven , Breuninger Helmut , Hauschild Axel , Höger Peter , Merl Volker , Hamm Henning 
Published: November 2007

SummaryIn 2005, an Internet‐based network for the support of patients with congenital melanocytic nevi in German‐speaking countries was started (http://www.naevus‐netzwerk.de). Along with detailed information for patients and parents, the home‐page includes a nevus registry which is based on an electronic questionnaire and which aims at providing data on the long‐term course of nevi estimated to reach > 10 cm in largest diameter. In the past, congenital melanocytic nevi have been subject to various mythological interpretations (“Tierfellnävus”, lit.”animal coat nevus”;”Muttermal”). Today an increasing body of reliable scientific data allows a differentiated reflection of the risk of malignant transformation and has led to progress in the diagnostic and therapeutic management. Recent findings from the literature and considerations from scientific meetings are reviewed.
Telemedicine and teledermatology: Past, present and future
Authors: Wurm Elisabeth M.T. , Hofmann‐Wellenhof Rainer , Wurm Robert , Soyer Hans Peter 
Published: November 2007

SummaryTelemedicine is an emerging field within medicine with potential to revolutionize the delivery of health care.It is defined as the use of telecommunication technologies to transfer medical information.Teledermatology is a category of telemedicine. Early experiments were already made at the beginning of the 20th century, the breakthrough happened in the nineties because of the rapid progress of telecommunication technology. The latest advance is mobile telemedicine which is characterized by the use of mobile devices such as mobile phone and PDA (personal digital assistant).Advantages of telemedicine are the possibility of remote patient‐care as well as the easy and fast access to expert opinions and education.This can either happen through exchange of previously stored data/images (store‐and‐forward method) or in real time.Since our society is increasingly becoming interconnected via technical advances, it is essential that medicine also has an objective understanding of the topic.
A Study of Dentists’ Preferred Maxillary Anterior Tooth Width Proportions: Comparing the Recurring Esthetic Dental Proportion to Other Mathematical and Naturally Occurring Proportions
Authors: WARD DANIEL H. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTStatement of the Problem:  Presently, there are no generally accepted standards for designing smiles using tooth proportion relationships.Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to determine whether North American dentists prefer smile designs created using the recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion, other mathematically defined tooth proportion relationships, or naturally occurring tooth‐to‐tooth width proportions previously reported to occur in the North American population.Materials and Methods:  Three hundred and one North American dentists were surveyed to determine their preferences of imaged smiles exhibiting different anterior tooth width proportions and the primary proportion influencing their decision. One‐sample t‐tests were used to compare preferences of constructed smiles. Pearson’s Chi‐square test was used to assess the independence of the relationship between the subjects’ demographic attributes and the factors reported as being instrumental in their decision processes.Results:  Fifty‐seven percent of dentists surveyed preferred the smiles with the 70% RED proportion over the smiles with the naturally occurring maxillary anterior tooth width proportions in normal‐length teeth. Dentists preferred the smiles of the naturally occurring maxillary tooth proportions (70%) and the 70% RED proportion (75%) over the golden proportion. In smiles with tall teeth, the golden proportion was preferred by 58% of the surveyed dentists over the naturally occurring tooth‐to‐tooth width proportions as previously defined by Preston. Sixty‐two percent of dentists cited the overall balance as the primary factor affecting their selection. Twenty‐three percent made their selection based on the size of the maxillary central incisors, whereas 15% used other teeth or factors.Conclusion:  Smiles created using the principles of the RED proportion were preferred by a majority of dentists surveyed. The majority of dentists reported that overall balance was the primary factor affecting their selection.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe RED proportion may be useful in creating smiles preferred by North American dentists. Seventy‐five percent of North American dentists preferred using the RED proportion when designing smiles with normal‐length teeth over using the golden proportion, which has been a pseudostandard in esthetic dentistry. Applying the golden proportion universally in smile design should be reconsidered as it was found to be the least pleasing and accepted in this study for normal‐length teeth.(J Esthet Restor Dent 19:324–339, 2007)
Evaluation of Side Effects and Patients’ Perceptions during Tooth Bleaching
Authors: LEONARD RALPH H. , SMITH LYNN R. , GARLAND GLENN E. , TIWANA KAREN K. , ZAIDEL LYNETTE A. , PUGH GEORGE , LIN NORA C. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTObjective:  The objective of this nightguard vital bleaching (NGVB) study was to compare tooth sensitivity (TS), gingival irritation (GIr), and other side effects, as well as patients’ perceptions during tooth bleaching, from treatment with experimental 5 and 7% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching solutions with those of a commercially available 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) product.Materials and Methods:  Sixty‐one participants completed the study wearing a scalloped maxillary treatment tray without reservoirs with the different concentrations of bleaching gels for 30 minutes twice a day for 7 days. Parameters evaluated were changes in gingival index (GI), nonmarginal gingival index, nongingival oral mucosal index, and tooth vitality. Participants were seen pretreatment, after 7 treatment days, and 1 week post‐treatment. A daily log form to record TS and GIr was completed by each participant as well as a sensitivity questionnaire at each appointment. Additionally, at 10 months post‐treatment, a questionnaire was sent to the participants concerning TS and GIr relative to the treatment process.Results:  Data from end‐of‐treatment questionnaires, daily log forms, and clinical examination revealed a statistical difference (p≤ 0.05) in the patients’ ranking of and days of TS and GIr between group S (7% HP) and group T (10% CP, control group) at the end of active treatment. There also existed a statistical clinical change in the GI levels for groups R and S compared with the control group T. There was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) in any of the parameters evaluated among the three products at 7 days or 10 months post‐treatment.Conclusions:  Participants in group S reported significantly more TS, GIr, and days of each compared with the control. There also existed a significant clinical change in the GI levels for groups R and S compared with the control group T. There was no significant difference among the three products at 7 days post‐treatment. After ending treatment, TS/GIr was resolved in 2 to 3 days and did not recur during the 10 months post‐treatment.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe experimental HP bleaching solutions, as described in this study, can be used in NGVB with no long‐term side effects as evaluated in this study for up to 10 months post‐treatment.(J Esthet Restor Dent 19:355–366, 2007)