bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opinion about the Liquidity Preference Theory. Discussions Concerning Weight and Risk in the Townshend-Keynes Letters of November-December 1938
Authors: BRADY Michael 
Published: March 2024

Townshend wrote Keynes a letter on November 25th,1938 and asked Keynes the following question, after informing Keynes that he had read Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability a number of years earlier and understood Keynes’s concept of non-numerical probability:
“This is the nearest I can get to an analysis of the part played by the factor of confidence in the rationale of interest. I believe that its further logical analysis at a deeper level of generalization is connected with the part played by the weight of evidence in your theory of probability, but I cannot see just how….” (Townshend 1979, 292; italics added).
Townshend ‘s question can be rewritten in the following fashion:
“Where, in your A Treatise on Probability, is your analysis of the connection between the variable, confidence, in the General Theory and the weight of evidence in your A Treatise on Probability, applied to support your analysis in the General Theory of your liquidity preference theory of the rate of interest?”
Keynes’s response was direct and straightforward:
“As regards my remarks in my General Theory, have you taken account of what I say on page 240, as well as what I say at page 148, which is the passage I think you previously quoted…”.(Letter to Townshend, Dec. 7th ,1938).
The answer given here by Keynes is for Townshend to read p.240 of the General Theory; however, it relates directly to Keynes’s chapter 26 of the A Treatise on Probability.
What Keynes provides the reader of the General Theory on p.240 is his statement that there is no discussion of how to estimate/calculate the risk and liquidity premiums in the General Theory. This paper demonstrated that Keynes’s discussion of how to estimate the risk and liquidity premiums occurs in chapter XXVI of the TP.
This paper demonstrates the logical and mathematical links between Keynes’s General Theory liquidity preference theory of the rate of interest, where liquidity preference is defined as a function of uncertainty, U, and Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability analysis of the evidential weight of the argument, V, which equals w, which is expressed in degrees. Keynes is pointing out to Townshend that U is a function of V, which is equal to w expressed in degrees. Thus, U is a function of w. We can write this out in English-
The evidential weight of the argument, V, is equal to the degree of the completeness of the amount of information on which the probability is based. Thus, Uncertainty is a function of the evidential weight of the argument, while liquidity preference is a function of uncertainty. The analysis that is missing in all past discussions by economists and philosophers of this issue has been their failure to identify the role played by Keynes’s mathematical variable, w.
Green Finance Supports Sustainable Environment: Empirical Approach towards Applicability in Tourism Sector
Authors: MOHANTY Rojalin , SAMAL Ansuman , KUMAR Rakesh 
Published: March 2024

Purpose. Sustainable development Goal (SDG)-2030 is an important agenda of UN. Green finance concept is a way to support sustainable development goal. This research explore concept of green finance toward green industry in India. The aim of this study how green finance help in increase of green industry in Indian region focusing on the tourism sector specifically.
Methodology. The study based on empirical research structure equation model constructed with help of SPSS and AMOS software. Data collected from respondent those are related to manufacturing company and availed green finance services from financial institute. Total 576 sample collected within Indian region.
Finding. The study finds that green finance awareness, incentive, initiative and technology will increase green industry. The study finds that factors of green finance industries are green marketing initiative, green finance incentive, awareness about green finance and technology innovations.
Originality. The study based of five factor these are green finance marketing initiative, green finance incentive to investor, green finance awareness, green technology innovation and green investment. All these factors support green industry in Indian region and other region as well.
Practical implications. The aim of the study to fids out factors which increased green industry through green finance supports. The study related to finance services for green investment for sustainable society.
Comparative study of radioprotective effects of endurance training in irradiation-induced nephropathy of rat model
Authors: Parastesh Mohammad , Molavi Shiva , Moghadasi Samira 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Considering the antioxidant properties of endurance training, this study aimed to investigate the effects of endurance training on serum levels of oxidative stress and structural changes in the kidney tissue of rats exposed to X-ray irradiation.

Methods
In this experimental study, 24 rats weighing 220±20 g were randomly divided into four groups (healthy control, healthy with moderate-intensity continuous training, X-ray control, and X-ray with moderate-intensity continuous training). The two groups of rats were irradiated with 4 Gy X-rays. The two training groups also performed moderate-intensity continuous training for 10 weeks. Twenty-four hour after the last training session, the blood serum of rats was collected and kidney tissue was isolated for stereological studies.

Results
In this study, X-ray irradiation of the whole body of rats caused a significant increase in kidney volume, cortex volume, interstitial tissue volume, glomerular volume, and serum level of MDA (p≤0.05), but the medulla volume, volume of proximal tubules (total volume, volume of epithelium, and lumen), volume of distal tubules (total volume, volume of epithelium, and lumen), and the length of the proximal and distal tubules had no effect. In addition, TAC and SOD levels were significantly decreased in the radiation control group. Furthermore, performing endurance training in X-ray-irradiated rats significantly reduced kidney volume, cortex volume, glomerular volume, and serum MDA level (p≤0.05).

Conclusions
Moderate-intensity continuous training can improve the rate of destruction of kidney tissue in rats exposed to X-rays by reducing oxidative stress and subsequently increasing antioxidant capacity.
Optimization and control of gaseous nitriding of a 33CrMoV12-9 steel
Authors: Aggoune Mohammed Salah , Torchane Lazhar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work propose a new experimental methodology to optimize the gaseous nitriding process of 33CrMoV12-9 steel grade, widely used in the mechanical industry for the fabrication of gears, pinions, and bearings. Several nitriding experiments were conducted at a temperature of 520 °C in the interval between 4 and 55 h using both constant and variable nitriding potential K

N
. The obtained results allowed us to determine the optimal conditions and to propose a sequenced cycle consisting of three steps. Multiple characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), Vickers microhardness testing (HV), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) indicate a surface hardness of 810 HV0.5, nitrogen diffusion depth of approximately 0.7 mm. finally, a metallurgical structure devoid of complex networks of nitrides and carbonitrides. The validation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, thereby paving the way for improving the nitriding process in the mechanical industry. This work represents a significant contribution to the optimization of thermochemical treatments for materials used in demanding environments.
A survey of supramolecular association involving the oxide-O atom in the crystals of triorganoamine N-oxide derivatives, RR′R″N(+)O(−)
Authors: Tiekink Edward R. T. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide, Me3N(+)O(−), is an important molecule in biology and medicine. Herein, a survey of the interactions involving the oxide-O atom in crystals containing derivatives of Me3N(+)O(−), namely RR′R″N(+)O(−), is presented; R,R′, R″ = alkyl and/or aryl. A total of 119 RR′R″N(+)O(−) molecules were analysed for the supramolecular interactions involving the oxide-O atom. Hydrates form the largest class of crystals, comprising over 40 % of the 91 crystals investigated, a value slightly higher than expectation. Over 80 % of molecules had at least one O–H⋯O(−)(oxide) hydrogen bond: 3, 45 and 33 % of all molecules had three, two or one O–H⋯O(−)(oxide) hydrogen bonds, respectively. Further, nearly 15 % of molecules formed at least one N–H⋯O(−)(oxide) hydrogen bond, sometimes operating in concert with O–H⋯O(−)(oxide) hydrogen bonds. The overwhelming majority of molecules featured inter- and/or intra-molecular supporting C–H⋯O(−)(oxide) contacts so that a diverse range of supramolecular interaction patterns is apparent, a situation made more complicated by the appearance of different supramolecular association patterns often observed for independent molecules in crystals with more than one molecule in the crystallographic asymmetric-unit. Of the 6 % of molecules devoid of conventional A–H⋯O(−)(oxide) hydrogen bonds, all formed three or four inter-/intra-molecular C–H⋯O(−)(oxide) contacts usually characterised by at least one short H⋯O(−)(oxide) distance.
tables locales de gestion intégrée des ressources et du territoire : quelle ouverture à la participation locale pour la forêt publique?
Authors: Beaulieu Hanneke , Chiasson Guy , Montpetit Annie , Tchola Sênayi Mireille Blandine 
Published: March 2024

Ce texte décrit l’expérience des tables locales de gestion intégrée des ressources et du territoire (TLGIRT), un mécanisme de participation à la gestion des forêts publiques locales au Québec. Notre recherche a comme objectif d’interroger dans quelle mesure ces TLGIRT permettent effectivement de renforcer le pouvoir des acteurs locaux sur la gestion de la forêt publique. Notre étude porte plus précisément sur les dynamiques de participation dans les tables locales de trois régions du Québec : l’Outaouais, les Laurentides et Lanaudière. Par l’entremise d’une série d’entrevues réalisées avec des intervenants de ces TLGIRT, nous avons tracé un portrait nuancé de ces dynamiques de participation. Si, d’une part, le poids des experts (industriels forestiers, représentants du ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts) reste bien présent et vient baliser la participation des autres acteurs, d’autre part, il émerge une construction lente de certains consensus entre les divers acteurs mobilisés par les tables locales.
Robust Design Applying Taguchi’s Orthogonal Matrices to Determine the Optimal Work Parameters in The Fruit Dehydration Process in A Solar-Gas Hybrid Dehydration Equipment Under Environmental Conditions at 2800 MASL
Authors: Zurita Edison Gustavo Tapia , Zurita Melton Edmundo Tapia 
Published: March 2024

In this research work, a prototype dehydrator Solar-gas was designed and manufactured in order to dehydrate tropical fruits under ambient conditions at 2800 MASL. This equipment requires the development of study of parameter variation to determine the most optimal ones under these altitude conditions to which the Taguchi orthogonal matrices have been applied, varying at two levels the different parameters involved such as temperature, relative humidity, mass of product to be processed, product distribution within the equipment. By using this equation, the best combination of them was determined to achieve an efficient process and adequate dehydration. Validation of effectiveness is carried out by determining the homogeneity of the dehydrated product.
A Hybrid BTC Based Compression Techniques of General Images
Authors: Kamalin C. Jenifer , MuthuLakshmi G. 
Published: March 2024

In this paper we propose a new approach for the compression of the general images by combining the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with Adaptive Block Truncation Coding –Edge Quantization (ABTC- EQ). At the first the standard image is processed by DWT decomposition and into its approximations and details. From this finer and approximation details are separated. The finer details of the image then noted and discarded. The approximate details are noted and further processed in to ABTC-EQ. This approach i.e combination of DWT with AMBTC-EQ gives a better result than other techniques. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Weighted Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (WPSNR), Bit Rate (BR), and Structural SIMilarity Index (SSIM) are among the parametric measurements that are used to evaluate image quality. The comparison analysis demonstrates that the suggested algorithm outperforms both BTC and ABTC-EQ.
«Історія під замовлення» для російської агресії: українська відповідь
Authors: Литвин Володимир Михайлович 
Published: March 2024

У статті проаналізовано Указ Президента України В. Зеленського «Про історично заселені українцями території Російської Федерації» і окреслені ним завдання для науковців. Оцінюючи документ як політичну відповідь України, автор показує історичну безпідставність спроб Путіна використовувати «історію під замовлення» з метою обґрунтування дальшого нарощування агресії під приводом захисту території та населення історичної Росії, що фактично зводиться до заперечення права на існування Української держави та її народу, а відтак до викличного нехтування міжнародним правом і, власне, історичною правдою у намаганнях відтворити Російську імперію.
Immunogenicity of Monovalent mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 Vaccines in Children &lt;5 Years of Age
Authors: Dalapati Trisha , Williams Caitlin A. , Giorgi Elena E. , Hurst Jillian H. , Herbek Savannah , Chen Jui-Lin , Kosman Christina , Rotta Alexandre T. , Turner Nicholas A. , Pulido Natalie , Aquino Jhoanna N. , Pfeiffer Trevor S. , Rodriguez Javier , Fouda Genevieve G. , Permar Sallie R. , Kelly Matthew S. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The messenger RNA (mRNA)-based coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines approved for use in children &lt;5 years of age have different antigen doses and administration schedules that could affect vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness. We sought to compare the strength and breadth of serum binding and neutralizing antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) elicited by monovalent mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in young children.

METHODS
We conducted a prospective cohort study of children 6 months to 4 years of age who completed primary series vaccination with monovalent mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines. Serum was collected 1 month after primary vaccine series completion for the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immune responses, including antibody binding responses to Spike proteins from an ancestral strain (D614G) and major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and antibody neutralizing activity against D614G and Omicron subvariants (BA.1, BA.4/5).

RESULTS
Of 75 participants, 40 (53%) received mRNA-1273 and 35 (47%) received BNT162b2. Children receiving either primary vaccine series developed robust and broad SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies, including to Omicron subvariants. Children with a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection developed significantly higher antibody binding responses and neutralization titers to Omicron subvariants, which is consistent with the occurrence of identified infections during the circulation of Omicron subvariants in the region.

CONCLUSIONS
Monovalent mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 elicited similar antibody responses 1 month after vaccination in young children. In addition, previous infection significantly enhanced the strength of antibody responses to Omicron subvariants. The authors of future studies should evaluate incorporation of these vaccines into the standard childhood immunization schedule.
Photographic narrative as a factor in overcoming witness trauma
Authors: Lysenko Lesia 
Published: March 2024

The research aims to explore the multifunctional potential of photography in overcoming the traumatic experience of witnessing violence and brutality. The paper presents how photography can be used in rehabilitation practices for those who have lived through war. It outlines the tendencies of the modern digital information environment (cross-media, interactivity) that enhance the "restorative" functions of photography in overcoming psycho-emotional and socio-cultural crisis reactions.
It has been found that photography’s narrative nature can enhance the viewer’s experience of interacting with their emotions and memories, while also providing a therapeutic effect by mitigating the pain of reflecting on cruelty. The article uses examples of war-related content to demonstrate how storytelling technology can provide a variety of tools for audience participation in the development of collective restorative experiences, particularly through photographic flash mobs.
The structural-functional method was used to work with factual material and identify the role of war photography in the discourse of trauma/post-trauma, clarifying its therapeutic potential. It is well-established that photographs can serve as a means of recording and providing evidence of a crime, facilitating the expression of collective identity and social cohesion. Similarly, the sharing of unprofessional, user-generated visual content on social media can be seen as a form of testimony that elicits strong public reactions. Photography plays a key role in helping people to go through the grieving process by perpetuating and honouring the dead, constructing ‘places of memory’ and ‘portraits of grief’.
The study aims to determine the role of photography in shaping the visual environment, in which the act of ‘seeing’ constructs a system of restorative practices to overcome the negative psycho-emotional consequences of traumatic events provoked by war.
The formation of communicative activities of state authorities in Ukraine in the context of information legislation development
Authors: Baiurko Nataliia 
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the key stages of the formation of communicative activities of state authorities in Ukraine in the context of the development of information legislation. The object of the study is the process of formation and development of communicative activities of state authorities in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of laws and regulatory acts in the field of information legislation, the author proposes an original periodization of the relevant processes in Ukraine: the first stage (1991 — 2000), the second stage (2000 — 2014), the third stage (2014 — 2020), and the fourth stage (from the beginning of 2020 to the present). The main achievements and problems in the field of state communications are highlighted, and generalized recommendations for the further development of Ukraine's state communication policy are presented. State communications in the contemporary context are considered an integral component of state governance and the development of Ukrainian society. The effectiveness of communicative activities in state authorities is discussed in connection with the development of stable social relations, strategic reforms, and access to resources.The importance of implementing information and communication work by central bodies of state power in Ukraine is emphasized in the conditions of full-scale Russian military invasion into our country's territory.The necessity of using modern web resources, various social networks, messengers, interactive chatbots, artificial intelligence, etc., is stressed. It is noted that their active integration into the state's communication policy will significantly increase the efficiency of interaction between government bodies and citizens, thereby contributing to the enhancement of trust and open dialogue between the state and Ukrainian society.The presented conclusions reveal the relevance of maintaining balance in times of crisis and eurointegration efforts through the integration of innovative communication tools.
EPR of LiNaGe4O9:Mn crystal
Authors: Trubitsyn M. P. , Sidak V. M. , Panchenko Т. V. , Volnianskii M. D. , Volynets D. V. 
Published: March 2024

EPR spectra of manganese ions were studied in lithium-sodium tetragermanate LiNaGe4O9 crystal. The observed spectrum was typical for doping ions in tetravalent Mn4+ state (3d 3, S=3/2) and for main orientations of static magnetic field along the crystal axes (T=296 K) consisted of hyperfine sextuplet from electronic transition Ms= +1/2 ↔ – 1/2. Transitions Ms= ±3/2 ↔±1/2 were not detected owing to strong interaction of the spin system with crystal field as compared with electron Zeeman interaction in the X frequency range of EPR registration. The angular variations of the spectrum were measured for static field B rotated in three main crystal planes. Since only central transition (Ms= +1/2 ↔ – 1/2) was detected and the splitting of the fine structure remained unknown, the spectrum was described in the approximation of effective spin Seff=1/2. The parameters of the spin Hamiltonian, including electron Zeeman and hyperfine interactions, were calculated. The magnetic multiplicity of the spectrum (km=2) evidenced that paramagnetic centers occupied the sites with monoclinic C2 point symmetry. Taking into consideration the positional symmetry as well ionic charges and radii of the guest ion and the hosts, it was concluded that paramagnetic Mn4+ centers substituted for Ge4+ within oxygen octahedral complexes in the crystal lattice of LiNaGe4O9.
Comparison of Implant-Retained Overdenture and Conventional Complete Denture: A Survey Study to Measure Patients' Satisfaction and Quality of Life in Dental School Clinics.
Authors: Kutkut Ahmad , Knudson Hannah , Bush Heather , Studts Jamie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Patient satisfaction and quality of life are integral to assessing oral health care quality. For many Americans still using conventional complete dentures (CD) or Implant Retained-Overdentures (IOD), it remains essential to consider improving their oral health outcomes and quality of life. Due to inexperienced student dentists providing dental care to dental school patients, patient grievances are generally considered a problem. Patient feedback and satisfaction have proven valuable resources for monitoring and improving patient safety. While CD and IOD are the two leading treatment options for edentulism, more comparative studies in the literature need to compare their outcomes in a school setting. The research question that guided this comparative analysis was, “Is patient satisfaction and quality of life affected by the type of prostheses and provider?” A validated questionnaire was mailed to 520 individuals selected from records of patients who had received treatment for edentulous mandible at a student prosthodontic clinic at the [redacted for peer review] from 2014 to 2016 with at least one year of follow-up time. A validated questionnaire for edentulous patients based on the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-19) was used. In addition, information on patients' oral health-related quality of life, including questions related to the edentulous patients' satisfaction with their dentures, was collected. The response rate was 33% (N = 171). The study's findings confirm previous findings, suggesting that IODs may significantly impact oral health-related quality of life. Data show that 76% of the IOD group reported improvement in experience when using the implants to retain the mandibular denture. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the OHIP scores between overall CD and IOD patient groups. Males with IOD had lower physical pain, limitations, and concerns associated with a social disability and handicap domains. Comparing users who had experiences with both treatment options, this study discerned essential characteristics that contribute to increased patient satisfaction with IOD and identified significance in outcomes by gender. These findings guide prosthodontic practitioners' patient care practices and identify a continuing need to discuss CD and IOD treatment protocols within dental school curricula.