bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tandem duplications of MLL and FLT3 are correlated with poor prognoses in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: A study of the Japanese childhood AML Cooperative Study Group
Authors: Shimada Akira , Taki Tomohiko , Tabuchi Ken , Taketani Takeshi , Hanada Ryoji , Tawa Akio , Tsuchida Masahiro , Horibe Keizo , Tsukimoto Ichiro , Hayashi Yasuhide 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackgroundMixed‐lineage leukemia (MLL)‐partial tandem duplication (PTD) is associated with poor prognosis in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its relationship to pediatric AML is unknown.ProcedureOne hundred fifty‐eight newly diagnosed AML patients, including 13 FAB‐M3 and 10 Down syndrome (DS) patients, who were treated on the Japanese Childhood AML Cooperative Treatment Protocol AML 99 were analyzed for MLL‐PTD, as well as internal tandem duplication (ITD) and the kinase domain mutation (D835Mt) in the FLT3 gene.ResultsWe found MLL‐PTD in 21 (13.3%) of 158 AML patients, but not in FAB‐M3 or DS patients. The differences between patients with and without MLL‐PTD were significant for 3‐year overall survival (OS) (56.3% vs. 83.2%, P = 0.018), disease‐free survival (DFS) (41.7% vs. 69.6%, P = 0.010), and relapse rate (RR) (54.3% vs. 27.6%, P = 0.0085) of 135 AML patients excluding the FAB‐M3 and DS patients. Furthermore, ITD and D835Mt in the FLT3 gene were found in 17 (12.6%) and 8 (5.9%) of these 135 patients, respectively. The differences between patients with FLT3‐ITD and the wild‐type allele were significant for 3‐year OS (35.3% and 84.3%, P < 0.0000001), DFS (40.0% and 66.9%, P < 0.003), and RR (52.4% and 30.3%, P < 0.005). Coduplication of both genes was found in only 3 (1.9%) patients.ConclusionAML patients with FLT3‐ITD, but not D835Mt, showed a poor prognosis. AML patients with MLL‐PTD were also correlated with poor prognosis in this study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:264–269. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevention and management of central venous catheter occlusion and thrombosis in children with cancer
Authors: Skinner Roderick , Koller Karin , McIntosh Nan , McCarthy Anthony , Pizer Barry 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe views and clinical practice of children's cancer units were surveyed regarding management of central venous catheter (CVC) occlusion (CVC‐occlusion), CVC‐related thrombosis (CVC‐thrombosis) and thromboembolism (CVC‐thromboembolism).ProcedureA questionnaire was sent to all 22 United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group centres, requesting information about their views of the importance of, and their practices regarding, prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment of CVC‐occlusion/thrombosis.ResultsTwenty (91%) centres responded. Eighty percent, 80% and 70%, respectively, stated that CVC‐occlusion, CVC‐thrombosis and CVC‐thromboembolism were clinically important concerns. All centres used heparinised saline flushes as prophylaxis against CVC‐occlusion, with little variation (≤30% centres) in frequency, volume and heparin concentration. Symptoms or signs suggesting partial CVC‐occlusion, total CVC‐occlusion, or CVC‐thrombosis/thromboembolism were always investigated in 20%, 55% and 85% of centres, respectively, but with considerable variability in the nature and sequence of investigations performed, which included (depending on the clinical scenario) chest X‐ray, contrast linography or venography, ultrasonography, echocardiography and magnetic resonance venography. A fibrinolytic lock was administered before investigation of CVC‐occlusion in 75% of centres. Although 45%, 60% and 80%, respectively, always treated partial CVC‐occlusion, total CVC‐occlusion or CVC‐thrombosis/thromboembolism, the type and order of treatments differed greatly between centres, especially for CVC‐thrombosis/thromboembolism, in which CVC removal, systemic anticoagulation (heparin or warfarin), local or systemic fibrinolysis, or thrombectomy were performed in at least some centres.ConclusionsThe clinical practice of UKCCSG centres regarding prevention, investigation and treatment of CVC‐occlusion/thrombosis varies greatly. Additional trials should facilitate development of evidence‐based guidelines. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:826–830. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risks of congenital malformations and perinatal events among infants exposed to antidepressant medications during pregnancy
Authors: Davis Robert L. , Rubanowice David , McPhillips Heather , Raebel Marsha A. , Andrade Susan E. , Smith David , Yood Marianne Ulcickas , Platt Richard 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate risks for perinatal complications and congenital defects among infants exposed in utero to antidepressants.MethodsWe identified 2201 women who were prescribed an antidepressant during pregnancy and who delivered an infant within one of five large managed care organizations (HMO). Prescription drug dispensings and inpatient and outpatient diagnoses were obtained from automated databases at each HMO. Antidepressants were categorized into tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and medication timing was assessed by trimester. Rates of congenital anomalies or perinatal complications were compared to infants whose mothers were not prescribed antidepressants during pregnancy.ResultsInfants exposed to SSRIs or TCAs during pregnancy had a significant increase in preterm delivery risk. Fullterm infants exposed to SSRIs during the third trimester had an increased risk for respiratory distress syndrome, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, hypoglycemia, temperature regulation disorders, and convulsions. Third‐trimester exposure to TCAs was also associated with an increased risk for respiratory distress syndrome, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, and temperature regulation disorders. There were 182 infants exposed to Paroxetine, and these infants did not have an increased risk of cardiac septal defects.ConclusionsSSRIs and TCAs did not show a consistent link with congenital anomalies. Paroxetine exposure was not linked with an increased risk for cardiovascular anomalies, although our study power to detect a moderate increase in risk was limited. Infants exposed to antidepressants were at increased risk for preterm delivery. Both SSRIs and TCAs used during the third trimester appeared to increase the risk for perinatal complications and their use should be managed carefully among pregnant women with depression. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tailored surface properties of monodispersed polymer particles with PCL hairy chains synthesized by hydroxyl‐initiated ring‐opening polymerization
Authors: Wang Fang , Hu Jianhua , Yang Wuli , Wang Changchun 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPolymeric particles with hydrophobic PCL hairy chains were prepared by ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) from hydrophilic core particles, which were prepared by soap‐free emulsion polymerization of styrene, 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and divinylbenzene. Due to the incorporation of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate in the core particles, hydroxyl groups on the surface of core particles could be obtained, and in the following ROP of ε‐caprolactone, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the particles could effectively initiate the polymerization. Various reaction conditions were evaluated to produce hairy particles with optimal grafting efficiency. The presence of hydrophobic polymeric hairs on the surface of particles led to a dramatic improvement in their dispersibility in oil phase. By controlling the grafting amount of PCL on the surface of hydrophilic core particles, the surface properties of the hairy particles could be well tailored, represented the change of water contact angles from 75.0° to 114.6°. The prepared hairy particles were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4552–4563, 2007
Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline side‐chain block copolymers containing luminescent 4,4′‐bis(biphenyl)fluorene pendants
Authors: Lee Kuan‐Wei , Lin Hong‐Cheu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA series of new liquid crystalline homopolymers, copolymers, and block copolymers were polymerized from styrene‐macroinitiator (SMi) and methacrylates with pendent 4,4′‐bis(biphenyl)fluorene (M1) and biphenyl‐4‐ylfluorene (M2) groups through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The number‐average molecular weights (Mn) of polymers P1‐P4 were 10,007, 14,852, 6,275, and 10,463 g mol−1 with polydispersity indices values of 1.21, 1.15, 1.31, and 1.22, respectively. All polymers exhibit the nematic phase. The thermal, mesogenic, and photoluminescent properties of all polymers were investigated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4564–4572, 2007
Homo‐ and copolymerization of norbornene derivatives with ethene by ansa‐fluorenylamidodimethyltitanium activated with methylaluminoxane
Authors: Hasan Tariqul , Ikeda Tomiki , Shiono Takeshi 
Published: August 2007

Abstract(t‐BuNSiMe2Flu)TiMe2 (1) activated with Me3Al‐free methylaluminoxane (dried MAO) which conducts vinyl addition polymerization of norbornene (N) with very high activity was applied for homopolymerization of N derivatives (i.e., 5‐vinyl‐2‐norbornene (5V2N), 5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene (5E2N), dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)) at 40 °C. The activities for the N derivatives were about two orders of magnitude lower than that for N and decreased in the following order: 5E2N ≫ 5V2N ≫ DCPD. Copolymerization of ethene (E) and 5E2N under an atmospheric pressure of E was then conducted by 1‐dried MAO. The copolymerization proceeded with better activity than the homopolymerization of 5E2N and gave poly(E‐co‐5E2N) with narrow molecular weight distribution. The content of the ethylidene group in poly(E‐co‐5E2N) was controlled by the feed ratio of 5E2N/E. The Tg value of the copolymer changed from 70 °C to 155 °C according to the 5E2N content from 27 mol % to 68 mol %. The addition of N as a third monomer to the E‐5E2N copolymerization improved the activity and raised the Tg values of the terpolymer above 200 °C. The content of 5E2N was controlled by the 5E2N/N ratio with keeping the high Tg values. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4581–4587, 2007
Zinc–leuprolide complex: preparation, physicochemical characterization and release behaviour from in situ forming implant
Authors: Astaneh Reyhaneh , Nafissi‐Varcheh Nastaran , Erfan Mohammad 
Published: August 2007

AbstractLeuprolide acetate (LA) has been accepted as treatment for prostatic cancer and is currently also being evaluated in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the zinc complex of leuprolide was prepared and its structure determined by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), UV, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and compared with these parameters for leuorolide acetate. Also, the in vitro release profile of leuprolide and its complex form in situ forming implant (ISFI) in comparison to a commercial formulation (Eligard) was investigated. These studies indicate that the zinc complex can be effectively synthesized and influenced on tri‐phasic pattern after burst release of LA from the ISFI and shifts this trend to a continuous release profile. Non‐linear regression test confirmed this transformation as a zero‐order release profile as well. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The transfer doping of graphite and graphene
Authors: Sque Stephen J. , Jones Robert , Briddon Patrick R. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIt has been commonly thought that diamond is unique in its class in that it can undergo p‐type transfer doping when covered by a thin layer of electrolyte. In this study, density‐functional theory has been used to show that the work functions of graphite and graphene are low enough for transfer doping to occur between a graphite or graphene substrate and an aqueous adsorbate layer. The possible electrochemical reactions are the same as those favoured in the case of diamond, e.g. O2 + 2H2O + 4e– → 4OH– where the electrons have been provided by the graphite or graphene substrate. Notably, the extraordinary nature of carrier transport in (single‐layer) graphene renders this non‐disruptive doping method an exciting possibility. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Field emission from surface‐modified heavily phosphorus‐doped homoepitaxial (111) diamond
Authors: Yamada Takatoshi , Nebel Christoph E. , Somu Kumaragurubaran , Uetsuka Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Hisato , Kudo Yuki , Okano Ken , Shikata Shin‐ichi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractField emission from heavily phosphorus‐doped homoepitaxial (111) diamonds after surface modifications are discussed. To develop a model for emission, we applied X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize surface properties of H‐plasma treated, oxidized and carbon‐reconstructed surfaces. In addition, reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is used to evaluate atomic arrangements. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to investigate surface morphologies. From AFM, no major difference is observed between H‐terminated, oxidized and carbon reconstructed surfaces. Field emission proper‐ ties of carbon reconstructed surfaces show a lower threshold than hydrogen‐terminated or oxidized surfaces. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diamond thin film detectors for beam monitoring devices
Authors: Bol Johannes , Müller Steffen , Berdermann Eleni , de Boer Wim , Furgeri Alexander , Pomorski Michal , Sander Christian 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDiamonds offer radiation hard sensors, which can be used directly in primary beams. Here we report on the use of a polycrystalline CVD diamond strip sensor as beam monitor of heavy ion beams with up to ∼109 lead ions per bunch. The strips allow for a determination of the transverse beam profile to a fraction of the pitch of the strips, while the timing information yields the longitudinal bunch length with a resolution of the order of a few mm. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Deagglomeration and functionalisation of detonation diamond
Authors: Krueger Anke , Ozawa Masaki , Jarre Gerald , Liang Yuejiang , Stegk Jochen , Lu Li 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn this paper we present our recent results on the production of primary particles of detonation diamond from strongly bound agglomerates using beads milling and the newly developed BASD (bead assisted sonic disintegration) method in various media. Additionally, the surface functionalisation starting from hydroxyl groups is discussed. These groups can be introduced by reductive surface homogenisation using borane. Further functionalisation includes the grafting of silanes and amino acids. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural, optical, and electronic properties of nanocrystalline and ultrananocrystalline diamond thin films
Authors: Achatz P. , Garrido J. A. , Williams O. A. , Bruno P. , Gruen D. M. , Kromka A. , Steinmüller D. , Stutzmann M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe structural, optical, and electronic properties of nanocrystalline diamond thin films grown from a hydrogen‐rich CH4/H2gas phase via hot filament (HF) CVD and of ultrananocrystalline diamond thin films grown from an argon‐rich sp2gas phase via microwave plasma enhanced (MPE) CVD have been studied. Depending on the growth conditions, these diamond films can have markedly different structural properties, as revealed by atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Nevertheless, similarities in the electronic band structure can be seen from transport and optical measurements. In the case of nominally undoped films, both types of material show variable range hopping in localized states near the Fermi level in the whole temperaturerange from 300–650 K. Therefore, the overall density of states has to be the same for these two microstructures. Nitrogen incorporation in the ultrananocrystalline diamond films leads to changes in the optical absorption, which has been investigated using photothermal deflection and spectrally resolved photocurrent spectroscopy. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
CNX (Carbon‐Nano‐eXit): a unique carbon‐nano‐structure to be employed for excellent electron‐emitters
Authors: Hiraki H. , Jing N. , Zhang H. , Wang H. X. , Hiraki A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractCarbon materials including Carbon‐Nano‐Tubes (CNT), Nano‐Diamonds and other Nano‐Carbon‐relatives (such as Carbon‐Nano‐Walls [CNW]) have received intense attention as good candidates for electron‐emitters. The present authors and co‐workers have long been trying to fabricate good electron‐emitters, employing a variety of carbon‐nano‐materials. Until some months ago, we claimed that CNW was the best structure for high emission‐capability among the carbon‐nano‐materials. However, by introduction of a unique structure into the CNW, we have recently succeeded to obviously improve the capability of the emitter while achieving and far shorter fabrication or deposition times.The unique structure has been named Carbon‐Nano‐eXit (CNX) and patented. The introduction of this CNX into the CNW structure can be done by some modification of plasma parameters during emitter fabrication or deposition by plasma CVD process. Now the emitter has shown a world‐top‐ranking property: very low turn‐on‐voltage (0.5 V/µm to induce 10 µA/cm2) and high emission current at low applied voltage with a gap distance of 1 mm (1 mA/cm2 current at 1.1 V/µm and 100 mA/cm2 at 2 V/µm). The emitter a is wire or pipe type emitter to avoid the so‐called “edge‐effect”. Owing to the presence of CNX which shortens the fabrication time, we are able to fabricate or deposit the emitters totally about 50∼100 km long per month by one CVD‐reactor. Then using these emitters, we are able to fabricate Mercury‐free fluorescence lamps with high efficiency (∼70 lm/watt) and a high brightness of 105 cd/m2 (white‐light). (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Amplitude modulated step scan Fourier transform photocurrent spectroscopy of partly compensated B‐doped CVD diamond thin films
Authors: Remes Z. , Nesladek M. , Bergonzo P. , Barjon J. , Jomard F. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report on the development of amplitude modulated step‐scan Fourier‐transform photocurrent spectroscopy (AMFTPS) as a sensitive tool for detecting shallow and deep electronic states in high resistive semiconductors. We present fundamental aspects of dual beam photoconductivity (DBP) and AMFTPS and apply these methods to detect the defect‐induced localized electronic levels in the energy gap of boron doped epitaxial CVD diamond thin films grown on single crystalline type Ib (111) oriented diamond substrates. The mechanism of acceptor passivation upon oxygen addition during CVD growth in B‐doped films is discussed. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positron annihilation in modified zeolites LTA and 13X
Authors: Cabral‐Prieto A. , García‐Sosa I. , Jiménez‐Becerril J. , López‐Castañares R. , Olea‐Cardoso O. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe pick‐off annihilation lifetimes of o ‐Ps, τpo , in dehydrated Co2+ and Mn2+ exchanged zeolites LTA, in dehydrated Co2+ exchanged zeolite 13X, and in dehydrated Na+ zeolites LTA and 13X, are estimated. Although τpo can be estimated from the lifetime spectra of the cation exchanged zeolites LTA and 13X, this lifetime can not be estimated from those spectra of Na+ zeolite LTA unambiguously. The estimated pick‐off lifetimes due to the annihilation of o ‐Ps in the internal walls of the zeolites are systematically lower than the average lifetime of p ‐Ps and o ‐Ps in vacuum τa = 0.5 ns. Since the pick‐off process of o ‐Ps occurs particularly on the internal cavity walls of dehydrated zeolites, the replacement of \overline {\tau_a} by τpo within the classical model of Tao‐Eldrup to calculate cavity radius should provide more realistic cavity radii of these porous materials than when using \overline {\tau_a}. This suggestion is supported by previous and present results. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Positron annihilation in silica aerogel UV‐irradiated at low temperature
Authors: Ro K. , Saito F. , Saito H. , Hyodo T. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPositron lifetime spectra for the silica aerogel heat‐treated at various temperatures (373 K–673 K) have been measured following UV‐irradiation at 30 K. It has been observed that positronium lifetime in the UV‐irradiated silica aerogel depends on the heat‐treatment temperature. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Lipid peroxidation and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitory activities of acidic aqueous extracts of some dietary supplements
Authors: Raman Priyadarshini , DeWitt David L. , Nair Muraleedharan G. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe botanical supplement market is growing at a fast pace with more and more people resorting to them for maintaining good health. Echinacea, garlic, ginkgo, ginseng, Siberian ginseng, grape seed extract, kava kava, saw palmetto and St John's wort are some of the popular supplements used for a variety of health benefits. These supplements are associated with various product claims, which suggest that they possess cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme and lipid s inhibitory activities. COX enzymes are found to be at elevated levels in inflamed and cancerous cells. To test some of the product claims, selected supplements were analysed for their ability to inhibit COX‐1 and ‐2 enzymes and lipid peroxidation in vitro. The supplements were extracted with acidified water (pH 2) at 37 °C to simulate the gastric environment. The supplements tested demonstrated varying degrees of COX enzyme inhibition (5–85% for COX‐1 and 13–28% for COX‐2). Interestingly, extracts of garlic (Meijer), ginkgo (Solaray), ginseng (Nature's Way), Siberian ginseng (GNC, Nutrilite, Solaray, Natrol), kava kava (GNC, Sundown, Solaray) and St John's wort (Nutrilite) selectively inhibited COX‐2 enzyme. These supplements also inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro (5–99%). The results indicated that the consumption of these botanical supplements studied possess health benefits. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.