bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance of the gallbladder reporting and data system combined with color doppler flow imaging for gallbladder cancer in the Asian population
Authors: Wang Rongling , Lv Lin , Li Li 
Published: April 2024

PurposeEvaluating the performance of the Gallbladder Reporting and Data System (GB-RADS) combined with Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI) for the diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening disease in an Asian population.MethodsIn this study, the lesions were classified and the actual incidence rate of malignant tumors was calculated for each GB-RADS category, following the guidelines provided by GB-RADS. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of GB-RADS and GB-RADS combined with CDFI, we plotted Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves. The sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy (AC) were also calculated. Inter-observer agreement (IRA) between the two observers was assessed using Kappa values.ResultsThe incidence of malignancy risk for GB-RADS 2, 3, 4, and 5 was 9%, 12.5%, 72.2%, and 100%. The AUC for GB-RADS was 0.855 (95% CI: 0.800-0.900), with a sensitivity of 82.5%, a specificity of 84.6%, and an accuracy of 83.8%. The AUC of GB-RADS combined with CDFI was 0.965 (95% CI: 0.930-0.985), with a sensitivity of 96.2%, a specificity of 94.6%, and an accuracy of 95.2%. The AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of GB-RADS combined with CDFI for diagnosing gallbladder malignancy were higher than those of GB-RADS alone, and the differences were statistically significant (all P &lt; 0.05). The IRA was excellent between the two observers (Kappa = 0.870).ConclusionsGB-RADS combined with CDFI demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy when it comes to distinguishing various diseases that caused gallbladder wall thickening in the Asian population, which has good clinical value and can improve the detection rate of malignant tumors in patients with gallbladder wall thickening.
Transarterial chemoembolization with 125I seed insertion for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang You-Bin , Zhang Ying , Li Peng-Fei , Bao Le , Zhang Wen-Tao 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundA common treatment strategy for individuals with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not candidates for surgical resection is transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Combining TACE with 125I seed insertion (ISI) may offer a means of enhancing therapeutic efficacy. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of TACE administered with and without ISI for the treatment of multifocal HCC.MethodsThe data from the two centers were analyzed retrospectively. The present study involved 85 consecutive patients with multifocal HCC who underwent TACE between January 2018 and December 2021. Of these patients, 43 were in the combined group, receiving TACE with ISI, and 42 were in the TACE-only group, receiving TACE without ISI. Comparisons of treatment outcomes were made between these groups.ResultsNo significant differences in baseline data were observed between these groups of patients. Higher rates of complete (60.5% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.016) and total (93.0% vs. 61.9%, P = 0.001) responses were evident in the combined group compared to the TACE-only group. Median progression-free survival (PFS, 13 vs. 10 months, P = 0.014) and overall survival (OS, 22 vs. 17 months, P = 0.035) were also significantly longer in the combined group than in the TACE-only group. Using a Cox regression analysis, risk variables associated with shorter PFS and OS included Child-Pugh B status (P = 0.027 and 0.004) and only TACE treatment (P = 0.011 and 0.022).ConclusionIn summary, these findings suggest that, as compared to TACE alone, combining TACE and ISI can enhance HCC patients’ treatment outcomes and survival.
Morbidity and mortality in premature or low birth weight patients with congenital heart disease in three European pediatric heart centers between 2016 and 2020
Authors: De Silvestro Alexandra , Reich Bettina , Bless Sarah , Sieker Julika , Hollander Willemijn , de Bijl-Marcus Karen , Hagmann Cornelia , Nijman Joppe , Knirsch Walter ,   the European Association Brain in Congenital Heart Disease
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe treatment of preterm and low birth weight (LBW) neonates born with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring early cardiac intervention remains challenging. We aimed to analyze morbidity and mortality in this combined high-risk patient group.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted of preterm [&lt;37 weeks gestational age (GA)] and/or LBW neonates (&lt;2,500 g) born with a diagnosis of CHD, which requires invasive cardiac intervention (surgery or catheter) within their first year of life. Patients born between 2016 and 2020 and treated in three European pediatric heart centers were included.ResultsA total of 308 neonates (51% male) with CHD were included. Of those, 237 (77%) were born preterm, 259 (84%) were LBW, and 188 (61%) were both. The median GA was 35.4 weeks (interquartile range 33.3–36.9) and the mean birth weight was 2,016 ± 580 g. CHD was categorized as simple (12%), moderate (64%), or severe (24%). The overall complication rate was 45% and was highest in patients with severe CHD (p = 0.002). One-year mortality (19%) was associated with severe CHD, low relative birth weight in patients with genetic diagnoses, and low GA at birth, whereas GA at birth significantly impacted survival only after 3 months of life.ConclusionsThe high morbidity and mortality in preterm and LBW neonates with CHD reflect their complexity and consequent limited treatment feasibility.
Enhancing social media engagement using AI-modified background music: examining the roles of event relevance, lyric resonance, AI-singer origins, audience interpretation, emotional resonance, and social media engagement
Authors: Gu Xiaohui 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDrawing on the S-O-R model, this study aims to investigate the influence of three stimuli from AI-modified music (i.e., event relevance, lyric resonance, and AI-singer origins), two responses from social media content consumers (i.e., audience interpretation and emotional resonance) on the social media engagement of personalized background music modified by artificial intelligence (AI).MethodsThe structural equation modeling analyses of 467 social media content consumers’ responses confirmed the role of those three stimuli and the mediating effect of audience interpretation and emotional resonance in shaping social media engagement.ResultsThe findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms that drive social media engagement in the context of AI-modified background music created for non-professional content creators.DiscussionThe theoretical and practical implications of this study advance our understanding of social media engagement with AI-singer-originated background music and provide a basis for future investigations into this rapidly evolving phenomenon in the gig economy.
Impact of a culturally adapted digital literacy intervention on older people and its relationship with health literacy, quality of life, and well-being
Authors: Carrasco-Dajer Claudia Marisol , Vera-Calzaretta Aldo Renato , Ubillos-Landa Silvia , Oyanedel Juan Carlos , Díaz-Gorriti Virginia 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionOlder people are the group with the greatest digital gap, so their digital literacy is important to improve the conditions in which they age.MethodsA study was conducted with pre- and post-evaluation of a digital literacy (DL) intervention in people aged 60 years and over. A total of 56 participants (experimental group N = 32 and control group N = 24) were recruited for convenience in community centers. The intervention was adapted to the needs of the participants, there were five face-to-face sessions and remote reinforcement for three months, carried out by trained university students for five months. Sociodemographic variables such as self-perception of socioeconomic level and education, among others, were evaluated. The impact was assessed using the digital literacy scale (MDPQ16), indicators of frequency and types of internet and mobile phone use, health literacy (SAHLSA and NSV), quality of life (SF-12), hedonic well-being (Diener’s SWLS and Cummins’ PWI) and perceived social support using the Zimet scale.ResultsThe intervention had a significant impact with an effect size of r = 0.27 on digital literacy, separate t-test comparisons revealed a markedly significant change for digital literacy in the experimental group, before and after the pre-post t-test(31) = 3.56, p = 0.001, but not in the control group, t(23) = 0.082, p = 0.93. No direct impact on health literacy, health-related quality of life, and hedonic well-being was identified. We examined the indirect impact of change in digital literacy and found that it correlated with improvements in well-being and social support, as well as quality of life. Individuals with significant changes were detected and compared with those who did not change.DiscussionEvaluation that contributes by identifying elements for improvement in future interventions and discusses the importance of culturally adapting continuing education in older people.
The effect of weighted blankets on sleep and related disorders: a brief review
Authors: Yu Jie , Yang Zhenqing , Sun Sudan , Sun Kaili , Chen Weiran , Zhang Liming , Xu Jiahui , Xu Qinglin , Liu Zuyun , Ke Juan , Zhang Lisan , Zhu Yubo 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundSleep disorders such as insomnia can lead to a range of health problems. The high risk of side effects and drug abuse of traditional pharmacotherapy calls for a safer non-pharmacotherapy.AimsTo examine the use and efficacy of weighted blankets in improving sleep and related disorders in different populations and explore the possible mechanisms.MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and CNKI databases. Eligible studies included an intervention with weighted blankets and outcomes covering sleep and/or related disorders (behavioral disturbance, negative emotions and daytime symptoms). Studies using other deep pressure, compression, or exercise-related interventions were excluded.ConclusionsMost of the included studies showed that weighted blankets could effectively improve sleep quality and alleviate negative emotions and daytime symptoms in patients with sleep disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and other related disorders, with a possible mechanism of deep pressure touch.RecommendationsWeighted blankets might be a promising tool for sleep interventions among individuals with sleep disorders in clinical settings. More high-quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate the safety and efficacy of weighted blankets and explore precise mechanisms.
The cost-effectiveness of iruplinalkib versus alectinib in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive crizotinib-resistant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients in China
Authors: Dai Zhanjing , Xu Jiayi , Chang Feng , Zhou Wanxin , Ren Ting , Qiu Jiaxin , Lu Yun , Lu Yuqiong 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIruplinalkib is a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with efficacy in patients with ALK-positive crizotinib-resistant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is independently developed by a Chinese pharmaceutical company. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of iruplinalkib versus alectinib in the Chinese healthcare setting.MethodsA partitioned survival model was developed to project the economic and health outcomes. Efficacy was derived using unanchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC). Cost and utility values were obtained from the literature and experts’ opinions. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were carried out to evaluate the model’s robustness.ResultsTreatment with iruplinalkib versus alectinib resulted in a gain of 0.843 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) with incremental costs of $20,493.27, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $24,313.95/QALY. Parameters related to relative efficacy and drug costs were the main drivers of the model outcomes. From the PSA, iruplinalkib had a 90% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $37,863.56/QALY.ConclusionCompared to alectinib, iruplinalkib is a cost-effective therapy for patients with ALK-positive crizotinib-resistant advanced NSCLC.
Neurocognitive impairment in Ugandan children with sickle cell anemia compared to sibling controls: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bangirana Paul , Boehme Amelia K. , Birabwa Annet , Opoka Robert O. , Munube Deogratias , Mupere Ezekiel , Kasirye Phillip , Muwanguzi Grace , Musiimenta Maxencia , Ru George , Green Nancy S. , Idro Richard 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe neurocognitive functions in Ugandan children aged 1–12 years with sickle cell anemia (SCA) were compared to their non-SCA siblings to identify risk factors for disease-associated impairment.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of the neurocognitive functions in children with SCA (N = 242) and non-SCA siblings (N = 127) used age- and linguistically appropriate standardized tests of cognition, executive function, and attention for children ages 1–4 and 5–12. Test scores were converted to locally derived age-normalized z-scores. The SCA group underwent a standardized stroke examination for prior stroke and transcranial Doppler ultrasound to determine stroke risk by arterial flow velocity.ResultsThe SCA group was younger than their siblings (mean ages 5.46 ± 3.0 vs. 7.11 ± 3.51 years, respectively; p &lt; 0.001), with a lower hemoglobin concentration (7.32 ± 1.02 vs. 12.06 ± 1.42, p &lt; 0.001). The overall cognitive SCA z-scores were lower, −0.73 ± 0.98, vs. siblings, −0.25 ± 1.12 (p &lt; 0.001), with comparable findings for executive function of −1.09 ± 0.94 vs. −0.84 ± 1.26 (p = 0.045), respectively. The attention z-scores for ages 5–12 for the SCA group and control group were similar: −0.37 ± 1.4 vs. −0.11 ± 0.17 (p = 0.09). The overall differences in SCA status were largely driven by the older age group, as the z-scores in the younger subsample did not differ from controls. Analyses revealed the strongest predictors of poor neurocognitive outcomes among the SCA sample to be the disease, age, and prior stroke (each p &lt; 0.001). The impacts of anemia and SCA were indistinguishable.DiscussionNeurocognitive testing in children with SCA compared to non-SCA siblings revealed poorer SCA-associated functioning in children older than age 4. The results indicate the need for trials assessing the impact of disease modification on children with SCA.
Determinants of mer Promoter Activity from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hu Qingyuan , Wang Jue , Liu Chunhong , Feng Yu , Chen Hao 
Published: April 2024

Since the MerR family is known for its special regulatory mechanism, we aimed to explore which factors determine the expression activity of the mer promoter. The Tn501/Tn21 mer promoter contains an abnormally long spacer (19 bp) between the −35 and −10 elements, which is essential for the unique DNA distortion mechanism. To further understand the role of base sequences in the mer promoter spacer, this study systematically engineered a series of mutant derivatives and used luminescent and fluorescent reporter genes to investigate the expression activity of these derivatives. The results reveal that the expression activity of the mer promoter is synergistically modulated by the spacer length (17 bp is optimal) and the region upstream of −10 (especially −13G). The spacing is regulated by MerR transcription factors through symmetrical sequences, and −13G presumably functions through interaction with the RNA polymerase sigma-70 subunit.
Ethnic inequities in 6–8 week baby check coverage in England 2006– 2021: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Zhang Claire X , Quigley Maria A , Bankhead Clare , Kwok Chun Hei , Parekh Nikesh , Carson Claire 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundInequities in the coverage of 6–8-week maternal checks, health visitor reviews, and infant vaccinations have been reported in England. Ethnic inequities in 6–8-week baby checks have not been studied nationally.AimTo examine the effect of maternal ethnicity on 6–8 week baby check coverage in England 2006–2021.Design and settingThis cohort study used electronic health records from primary care in England.MethodBaby check coverage was calculated in 16 ethnic groups, by year and region. Risk ratios were estimated using modified Poisson regression. Coverage and timing of baby checks in relation to maternal checks and infant vaccinations by ethnic group were calculated.ResultsEthnic inequities in 6–8 week baby check coverage in England varied by year and region. Coverage increased 2006–2007 to 2015–2016, then stabilised to 80–90% for most groups. Coverage was lowest for Bangladeshi and Pakistani groups 2006–2007 to 2011–2012. In the West Midlands, coverage was lowest at approximately 60% for four groups: Bangladeshi, Caribbean, African, and Any other Black, African or Caribbean background. In the North West, coverage was lowest for Bangladeshi (65.3%) and Pakistani (69.2%) groups. These patterns remained after adjusting for other factors and persisted over time. Coverage was highest in those whose mothers received a maternal check and those who received at least one dose of 8-week infant vaccinations.ConclusionCoordinated action at the level of integrated commissioning boards, primary care networks, and GP practices is required to better understand the reasons behind these inequities and redress the persistent disparities in 6–8 week baby check coverage.
On amendments to the Decree of the RF Government of September 15, 2020 No. 1430 (for discussion)
Authors: Багаев Ю.Г. , Гундырева Т.М. , Шипулин Р.В. 
Published: April 2024

Приведен пример нормирования технологических показателей сброса загрязняющих веществ для объекта централизованной системы водоотведения. Акцентировано внимание на следующих вопросах: технологические показатели стран Европейского союза и России, нормирование для большеводного водоприемника Сибири, влияние антропогенной нагрузки поверхностного стока больших городов. Особо отмечены нюансы сопоставления технологических показателей по наилучшим доступным технологиям и экономичности их достижения для реконструируемых объектов. Установленный низкий показатель по взвешенным веществам практически определяет увеличение требуемых объемов сооружений «аэротенк – отстойник» или значительное снижение производительности существующих очистных сооружений, или строительство сооружений доочистки. Рассмотрен ранее действующий принцип учета технологической возможности действующих сооружений при установлении нормативов допустимого сброса (НДС) загрязняющих веществ по выпускам и соответствующих показателей типовых технологий водоохраны. Показана целесообразность повышения для реконструируемых очистных сооружений установленных технологических показателей по взвешенным веществам, азоту аммонийному и фосфору фосфатов с учетом региональных особенностей антропогенной нагрузки на водоприемники.
An example of regulating process indicators of pollution discharge by public wastewater disposal system facilities is given. The attention is focused on the following issues: process indicators of the EU countries and Russia, regulations for a high-water intake of Siberia, the impact of anthropogenic load on the surface runoff in large cities. Of particular note are the nuances of comparing process indicators of the best available technologies and the cost-effectiveness of their achievement for the upgraded facilities. The established low indicator for suspended solids practically determines an increase in the required volumes of «aeration tank-sedimentation tank» structures or a significant decrease in the output of the existing treatment facilities, or the construction of tertiary treatment facilities. The former principle of accounting for the process capability of the existing facilities while establishing standards for the permissible pollution discharge and corresponding indicators of standard water protection technologies is considered. The feasibility of improving the established process indicators for suspended solids, ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus as phosphate for the upgraded treatment facilities is shown taking into account the regional specific features of the anthropogenic load on the receiving water.
Carrier transport simulations in twisted bilayer and turbostratic multilayer graphene systems
Authors: Mojtahedzadeh Seyed Ali , Tanaka Hajime , Mori Nobuya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The effects of inserting a twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG) between turbostratic graphene layers and a SiO2 substrate on the transport properties are investigated, to explore the possibility that using a tBLG could be an effective way to screen the potential fluctuations due to the impurities on the substrate. The Fermi velocity in a tBLG changes from that of the pristine graphene depending on the twist angle. In the present study, a parameter α is introduced, which is defined as the ratio of the Fermi velocity in the tBLG to that of pristine graphene, and the transport properties are calculated as a function of α. The self-consistent calculation of the Poisson equation with the Thomas–Fermi approximation is performed for multilayer graphene systems consisting of a tBLG and turbostratic graphene layers, and the potential profiles are incorporated into a Monte Carlo simulator to calculate the drift velocities and mobilities. It is shown that the transport properties of the whole system strongly depend on the parameter α and the number of layers in the system.
بناء برنامج ارشادي مستند الى نظرية ستامفل لتنمية المواجهة الاستباقية لدى طالبات المرحلة الإعدادية
Authors: دعاء قيس نواف  , ا.د.نشعة كريم عذاب  
Published: April 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على بناء برنامج ارشادي مستند الى نظرية ستامفل لتنمية المواجهة الاستباقية لدى طالبات المرحلة الإعدادية ولغرض تحقيق هدف البحث قامت الباحثتان بالإجراءات الاتية:
بناء مقياس المواجهة الاستباقية يتألف من (33) فقرة موزعة على ثلاثة مجالات, المجال الاول يتضمن (التخطيط للمستقبل) والمجال الثاني يتضمن (تحديد الاهداف) والمجال الثالث يتضمن(الاستعداد المسبق للمواجهة), وبعد استخراج الخصائص السايكومترية للمقياس تم بناء برنامج ارشادي وفق انموذج بوردز وداردي متضمنا (12) جلسة ارشادية مقترحة لتنمية المواجهة الاستباقية لدى طالبات المرحلة الاعدادية بالاعتماد على فنيات نظرية ستامفل واستخرج الصدق الظاهري للبرنامج بعد عرضه على مجموعة من المحكمين المختصين بالإرشاد النفسي والتوجيه التربوي وطبق على عينة استطلاعية تألفت من (24) طالبة ممن ظهر لديهم درجات متدنية في المواجهة الاستباقية مقارنة بالوسط الفرضي البالغ (93) واستخدمت الباحثتان الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة لتحقيق هدف البحث, ووضعت الباحثتان عددا" من التوصيات والمقترحات.
دور المدرس في التعلم النشط
Authors: مهند كمال محمد  , أ. د عمار اسماعيل خليل  
Published: April 2024

يهدف هذا البحث الى معرفة (دور المدرس في التعلم النشط) ولتحقيق هدف البحث عمد الباحث الى بيان دور المدرس في التعلم النشط من خلال تقسيم البحث الى فصول تناولت جوانب دور المدرس في التعلم النشط بعده احد عناصر عملية التعليم لذا فان له دورا مميزا وفاعلا اثناء تطبيق التعلم النشط معتمدا على الادوار التي تحددها الاطر النظرية للنظرية البنائية والنظرية الاجتماعية بالتعلم ، لذا فقد اوصى عددا من الباحثين والمتخصصين المعلم بممارسة الادوار الاتية لضمان نجاح التعلم النشط وتحقيقه لأهدافه المنشودة وتوصل الباحث لأدوار كثيرة للمدرس في التعلم النشط منها القيام بالتوجيه والارشاد والمساعدة للمتعلمين اثناء التعلم، وضع المتعلمين بمواقف تثير التفكير وشعورهم بالتحدي والاصرار، زيادة دافعية المتعلمين وتنمية ميولهم واتجاهاتهم نحو التعلم واستنتج تطبيق استراتيجيات التدريس التي اثبتت فاعليتها في زيادة تفاعل الطلبة مع المادة التعليمية ، واهتمامهم لاكتساب المعلومات وانواع المعرفة الجديدة ، وتطبيق استراتيجيات التدريس التي تركز على التعاون والمشاركة الفاعلة اثناء التعلم وهذا ما قد يساعد الطلبة على التعاون بالوصول وبشكل جماعي الى تحقيق اهداف .