bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rosiglitazone treatment attenuates renal tissue inflammation generated by urinary tract obstruction
Authors: EFRATI SHAI , BERMAN SYLVIA , CHACHASHVILI AVRAHAM , COHEN NATAN , SIMAN‐TOV YARIV , AVERBUKH ZHAN , WEISSGARTEN JOSHUA 
Published: January 2009

SUMMARYAim:  Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ activation by rosiglitazone decreases manifestation of intrarenal inflammatory hallmarks. Inflammation significantly aggravates renal injury following urinary tract obstruction. The effect of rosiglitazone on renal inflammation following unilateral ureteral obstruction was investigated.Methods:  Ninety‐six Srague–Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral ligation, or to sham operation. Half of each group received rosiglitazone, 5 mg/kg bodyweight per day. The animals were killed and their kidneys allocated following 1 h, 24 h or 2 weeks, for pathological examination or for intrarenal transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10 and nitric oxide (NO) assessment by specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Apoptosis rates, extracellular matrix deposition, PPAR‐γ, α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) expression and macrophage infiltration were assessed by specific immunohistological stainings.Results:  PPAR‐γ receptor expression was downregulated, and infiltration of macrophages decreased, in all rosiglitazone‐treated kidneys. Rosiglitazone significantly decreased apoptosis, TGF‐β, IL‐6, α‐SMA expression and NO availability in obstructed kidneys. Synthesis of IL‐10 was unaltered, while IL‐4 augmented by Rosiglitazone. Rosiglitazone also affected NO and IL‐4 production in sham‐operated controls.Conclusion:  (i) Rosiglitazone attenuates profibrotic and pro‐inflammatory responses in a rat model of ureteral obstruction‐induced renal inflammation; (ii) rosiglitazone stimulates counteractive anti‐inflammatory responses in the damaged kidneys; (iii) in part, rosiglitazone exerts comparable anti‐inflammatory effects on obstructed kidneys and unobstructed healthy controls. Taken together, this ascertains the importance of the anti‐inflammatory role of rosiglitazone treatment in amelioration of ureteral obstruction‐induced renal damage.
Review article: The role of CD4+ T cells in ANCA‐associated systemic vasculitis
Authors: ABDULAHAD WAYEL H , STEGEMAN COEN A , KALLENBERG CEES GM 
Published: January 2009

SUMMARYAntineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)‐associated systemic vasculitis (AASV) constitutes a group of primary vasculitides associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, which are either directed to proteinase‐3 or myeloperoxidase. In contrast to other forms of vasculitis, immuohistologic evaluation of affected tissues in patients with AASV, particularly the kidneys, demonstrated an absence or paucity of immunoglobulins, which could suggest involvement of cell‐mediated injury in this disorder. Several studies have shed light on T cell‐mediated immune responses playing a role in the pathophysiology of AASV. Imbalance of CD4+ T‐cell subsets has been demonstrated in the peripheral blood of patients with AASV. The trigger that leads to this imbalance remains to be defined, but clinical evidence shows that nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus constitutes a risk factor for disease exacerbation. Recent data show that superantigens and peptidoglycans from these Gram‐positive bacteria can induce skewing of T‐cell responses towards pathogenic interleukin (IL)‐17‐producing T‐helper cells (Th17). Overproduction of IL‐17 in response to this infection might aggravate inflammatory responses and contribute to the production of autoantibodies as well as to granuloma formation and tissue injury in patients with AASV. Next to Th17 cells, memory CD4+ T cells with the effector cytotoxic phenotype (CD4+ TEM) have also been demonstrated to constitute a major effector pathway of tissue injury in patients with pauci‐immune glomerulonephritis. Therefore, future perspectives for treatment of AASV could be built on neutralization of IL‐17 and depletion of CD4+ TEM cells.
A Study on Myocardial Fibrosis in Autopsy Cases
Authors: Nishihara Yasuo , Seki Akira , Hashimoto Michio 
Published: January 2009

SummaryWe examined the myocardium on the occurrence, changes with age, distribution and character of fibrosis and its factor with large specimens taken from 348 male cases and 181 female cases which were picked up at random out of autopsy cases.
Encephalitis Epidemica Japonica in Horses Occurring In a Non‐Epidemic Year
Authors: Yamagiwa Saburo , Satoh Hiroshi 
Published: January 2009

SummaryThe authors have carried out investigations on horses with cerebral symptoms clinically, pathologically, and epidemiologically which were obtained in various areas in Hokkaido in non‐epidemic years—1955, 1956 and 1957. Among cases investigated, there were three cases in which the authors could certainly prove the existence of encephalitic changes histopathologically in addition to two cases, one being positive to the complement‐fixation test and the other in virus isolation. In five out of eighteen cases investigation, slight leucocyte emigration was observed in the brain tissue. Comparing such facts with the judgement from the viewpoint of epidemiology and differential diagnosis, the authors have concluded that all of the cases with encephalitic symptoms were infected with Japanese encephalitis (Encephalitis epidemica japonica). They have also added considerations pertaining to the infection‐pathology of Japanese encephalitis based upon the discrepancies in infected horses between epidemic and non‐epidemic years.
An Autopsy Case of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Arakawa Shuji , Ono Teiji , Imai Yoshio 
Published: January 2009

SummaryRegarding primary aldosteronism, 24 cases have been already reported since Conn made his first description, but among them only three were autopsy cases. Although this case had no periodic paralysis nor tetany, the existence of such findings emphasized by Conn, namely confirmation of adrenocortical adenoma and its greater content of aldosterone, hypokalemia and the existence of the conspicuous hydropic degeneration in the tubular epithelium of the kidney and other clinical findings may indicate a primary aldosteronism.There have been no reports of malignant nephrosclerosis which was based upon primary aldosteronism. Although the probability that the malignant hypertension and adrenocortical adenoma co‐existed independently could not be wholly denied, at least in this case because of the greater amount of aldosterone in the adrenocortical adenoma, being proved in the clinical examination, it would be reasonable to consider that the hypertension may have occurred as a result of the hypersecretion of aldosterone and from this condition malignant nephrosclerosis might have been developed.
Experimetal Studies on the Transplantation of Yoshida Sarcoma, Human Cancer and Human Leukemic Cells to Germ‐free Guinea Pigs*
Authors: Nakashima Toshiro , Kimoto Eiji , Shimokawa Yutaka , Hanashiro Seigo , Masukawa Takaoki , Miyakawa Masasumi 
Published: January 2009

Schluß1) Klinisch verbeßert wohl das Placenta‐plasma die Hepatocirrhosis, aber es ist uns nicht gelungen, aus der Leberbiopsie auf die Resorption des Bindegewebes zu schließen.2) Betreffs der zur Autopsie gelangenden Leber besteht zwischen dem histologischen Befund und dessen Hydroxyprolin‐Werten eine enge Beziehung.3) Das Placenta‐plasma verbeßert die experimentelle Chloroform‐Hepatocirrhosis sowie die CCl4‐Hepatocirrhosis.4) Nach der elektronmikroskopischen Betrachtung über die Leber mit experimenteller Hepatocirrhosis kann man eine in normaler Leber unbefindliche Krümmung der Kollagenfibrillen, das Erscheinen der verschieden großen, baumastähnlichen unermittelten Fasern und das Erscheinen der mit homogener unbekannter Substanz gedeckten Kollagenfibrillen feststellen.SummaryYoshida sarcoma cells of white rats, human cancer tissue and human leukemic blood have been transplanted into less than one month old germ‐free and natural guinea pigs.A summary of the results in the experimental transplantation is as follows:1) The transplanted Yoshida sarcoma cells completely underwent necrosis within 5th days in natural guinea pigs, while in germ‐free guinea pigs they rapidly and insensely grew and mitotic activities have been preserved until the 10th days. As a host tissue reaction to the transplanted sarcoma cells in germ‐free guinea pigs, a very slight degree of exudative process has resulted at the beginning, and as time passed an appreciable amount of mesenchymal cells proliferated, but little power in organizing the tumor cells was observed.2) As the host tissue reaction to the transplanted human cancer tissue, a minute amount of exudative process has occurred in germ‐free guinea gigs. The proliferative mesenchymal tissue also retained little power in organizing the tumor tissue.3) In germ‐free guinea pigs a slight degree of exudative process has occurred in the subcutaneous tissue where the human leukemic blood had been injected and there was only a weak power in organizing the injected blood. Giant cells have appeared in fat tissue. Large cells with large nucleoli were seen in the cortex in the related lymph nodes, but no secondary nodules which had clear centers were founds
An Autopsy Case of Weber‐Christian's Disease Associated with Granulocytopenia
Authors: Fukuoka Yoshiaki , Ito Nobuyuki , Takeda Yoshiro 
Published: January 2009

SummaryAn autopsy was performed on a 16 years old female who had complained of recurrent attacks of subcutaneous nodules with high fever, and granulocytopenia. Non‐suppurative inflammatory changes were presented in the adipose tissue of the subcutaneous, omenteric, mesenteric, peripancreatic, perirenal, and periadrenal regions. The liver showed enlargement with fatty degeneration. The liver, spleen, and the mesenteric lymph nodes had been invaded with many foamy macrophages and some multinucleated giant cells.The bone marrow revealed a denned retardation of maturity of granulocytic series by infiltration of macrophages. Under the above findings this case may be included in the type of systemic nodular panniculitis by Steinberg.
“An Autopsy Case of So‐called Rhinitis Necroticans Progressiva”
Authors: Hosokawa Syuji , Ono Kanji , Imamura Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2009

Summary1. An autopsy of a 49 years old woman was carried out, showing a wide spread necrosis in the oral and upper respiratory tract. The clinical diagnosis was so‐called “rhinitis necroticans progressiva”.2. Histological appearance of the necrotic mass and the surgical material revealed neoplastic features of undifferentiated reticulosarcoma.3. By bacteria cultivation of the necrotic mass, Candida albicans was detected, but these were not found in the tissue.4. Statistical observations on this disease were discussed from various view points.
Primary Sarcoma in the Diverticulum of the Bladder Which Formed a Large Metastatic Retroperitoneal Tumor. Report of a case with autopsy
Authors: Uno Hiroharu , Umehara Yutaka 
Published: January 2009

SummaryA case of primary sarcoma in the diverticulum of the bladder is presented. A metastatic tumor was found macroscopically in the retroperitoneal region. Histologically, the diagnosis was polymorphous sarcoma.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS WITH PICTURES OF NEUROMYELITIS OPTICA
Authors: AOKI Toshio , SEKI Masatoshi , TOTSUKAy Shiro 
Published: January 2009

SummaryThe clinical pictures have indicated those of neuromyelits optica, however, the foregoing observations would appear to indicate that this case may by considered one of multiple sclerosis with cavity formation in the optic chiasm and in the cervical segments of the spinal cord.
DYSGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH AFFECTION OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND APPEARANCE OF ATYPICAL LYMPHOCYTES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD
Authors: Morikawa Shigeru , Chen Shih Tse , Okamoto Eiichi , Oka Masanori 
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of dysgammaglobulinemia associated with affection of the central nervous system in a 61‐year‐old male was reported. Close similarity of the findings to those of the case reported by Bichel et al. was noticed. The abnormal protein observed in this case was proved to belong to IgG by ultracentrifugation, immunoelectrophoresis and fractionation on DEAE‐cellulose column.Histological characteristics were remarkable infiltration of mononuclear cells including plasma cells, proliferative changes of the vessel walls in several organs, such as the lymph nodes, spleen, lungs, etc., and demyelinating lesions were found in the central nervous system. lmmunofluorescent study revealed the presence of human y‐globulin in the infiltrates in various organs. Subacute or chronic infection by an unknown agent or hypersensitivity is suggested.
A CASE OF RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION CAUSED BY AORTITIS OF TAKAYASU'S TYPE
Authors: Kihara Itaru , Fujimaki Shigeo 
Published: January 2009

A case of aortitis of Takayasu's type was reported. The distribution of the lesions was not confined to the thoracic, but extended to the abdominal aorta and their major branches. Most severely affected arteries were the left subclavian and the left renal arteries, and the abdominal aorta was remarkably narrowed. The patient's clinical course was exclusively that of a renovascular hypertension and the patient died of its malignant phase. There were necrotizing angitis distributed in several organs and unilateral malignant nephrosclerosis of the right kidney. The juxtaglomerular granular indices were O for the right and 186 for the left.The association of renovascular involvement and difference in weight of two kidneys were discussed. Renovascular hypertension appeared to be not infrequently associated with this disease, although little attention has hitherto been paid to the condition. ACTA PATH. JAP.
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS OF ACTINOMYCIN‐D ON ddO MOUSE EMBRYOS
Authors: Haruta Michio , Akamatsu Yasuuki , Ikegami Ryoichi 
Published: January 2009

Three consecutive days injection of pregnant ddO female mice with actinomycin‐D (ACT‐D) saline solution was carried out on a variable time schedule, from the 1st to 15th day of gestation. Fetuses were examined on the 18th day of gestation, revealing the following results.The sensitive period for malformation is from the 4th to 8th day of gestation with incidences of 31.7%‐3.3% in 2.5 μg ACT, and of 3.3%‐1.6% in 1.25 μg ACT.Malformations induced by ACT are celosomia, anophthalmia, fissure of the mandibula, open eyelids, small external ear, etc. Celosomia is the most outstanding feature with 22 of the 23 malformed fetuses (95.7%) showing this condition.Malformed fetuses are smaller in average body weight than the normal ones.Malformations of the bones observed in 260 fetuses consist of fissure of the jaw I, sphenoideal fissure I, abnormal curves of the ribs 4, and separation of vertebral arch of the first cervical vertebra 2. These changes are not related to the period of ACT treatment.Over‐all malformations of the bones are frequently seen on the 5th‐7th day and the 12th–15th day of gestation. ACTA PATH. JAP. 18: 267–286, 1968.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ANTI‐TYPE B STREPTOCOCCAL ANTIBODY AND THE ANIMAL HEART TISSUE*
Authors: Kyogoku Masahisa 
Published: January 2009

The interaction between the antibody against A‐group β‐streptococci (T6S43) and the heart muscle in vivo and in vitro were studied using several immunological techniques.The localization pattern of the anti‐streptococcus antibody on the heart muscle was different from that of other tissues in vivo, where the antibody was always limited to the stroma, vascular bed or macrophages. In the heart, the antibody was localized first on the smooth muscle of the vascular wall, then passed through it to the surrounding stromal connective tissue and attacked the adjacent heart muscle cells. The antibody was first localized on the outer surface of cell membrane, and after several hours it passed through some part of the membrane and filled up the cytoplasma. It was localized on the interpaces of myofibrils, especially on the mitochondria and other microbodies. In vitro (tissue culture) studies revealed a moderate cytotoxicity of the antibody globulin. The mode of toxic injuries seemed to be varied among the three fractions of antibody globulins; α, β and γ‐globulin.Any kind of stimuli to the knee joint considerably increased the rate of antibody localization to the joint tissue and was followed by severe exudations. It was just a temporal phenomenon, however, and returned to a normal range after 48 hours.Possible analogy of these phenomena to the human rheumatic fever was discussed. ACTA PATH. JAP. 18: 287–306, 1968.
AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE CELL PROLIFERATION OF THE HUMAN GASTRIC MUCOSA IN SUPRAVITAL CONDITION
Authors: Tanaka Junichi 
Published: January 2009

Cell proliferation kinetics of human gastric mucosa was studied on the 56 cases of various diseases using supravital method of 3H‐TdR autoradiography. Normal‐appearing portions and adjacent area to the lesion were subjected to calculation of labeling and mitotic indices and to analysis of proliferating patterns of the mucosa l epithelium.The average indices, both labeling and mitotic, were generally higher in the antrum than in others. Higher incorporation of 3H‐† was observed in the mucosa adjacent to the ulcer than that of the cancer, in agreement with increased mitotic activity. Lower uptake in the cancer group might be caused by either prolongation or deterioration of DNA synthesis.Proliferation compartment was sometimes displaced from the usual site of glandular neck, depending on the process of the disease. The upward type, labeling of surface epithelium, which was frequently found in ulcer cases indicated active regenerating processes. The downward type in which incorporation was scattered in the deeper glandular tubule was seen in a few cancer patients, and this pattern might represent an early sign to neoplastic development. High labeling of goblet cells in intestinalization suggested a particular cytodifferention of those structures. ACTA PATH. JAP. 18: 307–318, 1968.
ESSENTIAL FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEREMIC XANTHOMATO‐SIS — An Autopsy Case with Special Reference to the Pathogenesis of Its Cardiovascular Lipidosis—
Authors: Watanabe Teruo , Tananka Kenzo , Yanai Noboru 
Published: January 2009

A typical case of essential familial hypercholesteremic xanthomatosis in a 4y‐ear‐old boy is presented.Xanthomatous infiltration was observed, not only in the skin and tendons, but also in the thymus, lymph nodes, sternum, renal papilla, lungs and in the brain. Unusually extensive arterial involvements associated with myocardial infarct were observed.It was suggested that the morphogenesis of the cardiovascular lipidosis in essential familial hypercholesteremic xarithomatosis shared a similarity with that of the aortic lesions in experimental hypercholesteremia in the rabbits, and was considered to be a separate disease entity from the common atherosclerosis during adult age. ACTA PATH. JAP. 18: 319–331, 1968.
RESPONSE OF THE UTERINE SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL TO ESTROGEN STIMULATION: AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC AND AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDY*
Authors: Tokuoka Shoji 
Published: January 2009

A study of the myometrial smooth muscle cells of the rat and mouse uteri following estrogen administration was undertaken in order to correlate known chemical changes in the estrogen‐stimulated uterus, to possible morphological and/or functional alterations in the myometrial smooth muscle cells.Shortly after estrogen administration, the smooth muscle cells are considerably enlarged and display nuclear as well as cytoplasmic changes, indicating an accelerated protein synthesis. These changes in the myometrium, in association with similar changes in the endometrial stroma as has been described in our previous report, appear to be one of the major factors influencin& the synthetic accelerations reported on the basis of chemical studies of the estrogen‐stimulated uterus.Light and electron microscopic autoradiography demonstrates that the smooth muscle cells are most likely to be engaged in the synthesis of collagen for the maintenance of the collagenous component of the myometrial stroma. ACTA PATH. JAP.18: 417–430, 1968.
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF HUMAN JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELLS
Authors: Ishii Yoshifumi , Fujimoto Teruo 
Published: January 2009

An electron microscopic investigation was made on the Juxtaglomerular cells (JC) of human renal glomeruli. This study corroborates the myoepithelioid appearance of JC situated in the wall of the afferent arteriole. These cells contain secretion granules as well as fibrillar bundles similar to myofilaments of the smooth muscle cells, while JC located farthest from the afferent arteriole lack them. In addition, a transitional form from agranular to granular JC is noted. It is presumed that (1) JC have a potency of a two‐way differentiation (muscular and endocrine), and (2) granular JC are derived from agranular JC.The existence of several types of intercellular Junctions and the occurrence of cilia in human JC have also been demonstrated in the present study.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF SO‐CALLED ACUTE FATTY LIVER OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Iwata Katsumi , Nakagawa Jun , Endoh Toshiaki , Kohgame Shigeki 
Published: January 2009

An autopsy case of a 25‐year‐old nulliparous woman who died of acute fatty liver of pregnancy (the so‐called obstetric acute yellow atrophy of Sheehan) was reported. Histology revealed swollen liver cells having droplet‐like or foamy appearance due to intense fatty infiltration. There was no massive necrosis or inflammatory reaction.The available cases of this disease in the literature were reviewed, and some discussions were made on its pathogenesis.
GENERALIZED CYTOMEGALIC INCLUSION DISEASE IN AN ADULT, WITH PRIMARY SYSTEMIC INVOLVEMENT OF LYMPH NODES—CASE REPORT—
Authors: Shoyama Takashi , Hokano Masami , Watanabe Yobo , Yokoyama Eizo , Sekiguchi Reian , Sumita Kazuomi , Imakire Tokuhiro , Otaka Yuichi 
Published: January 2009

A case of generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease in an adult demonstrating clinical features of cytomegalovirus mononucleosis was presented. This condition was proceeded by serious involvement of systemic lymph nodes.Twenty‐four cases of adult cytomegalic inclusion disease in Japan were analyzed, and the type of involvement, sexual incidence, site of involvement and predisposing conditions were discussed.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF PROGRESSIVE VACCINIA ASSOCIATED WITH NORMAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN LEVELS
Authors: Maeda Ryuei , Ihara Nobuo , Kanazawa Kokichi , Kono Shuzo 
Published: January 2009

Presented here is an autopsy case of progressive vaccinia in which essentially normal immunoglobulin levels had been immunoelectrophoretically detected and the successive administration of gamma‐globulin and whole blood of recently successfully vaccinated adult human had failed to produce satisfactory effects. At autopsy, markedly proliferative lesions in the intestinal lymphoid tissues were found along with occasional focal necroses from which a perforating panperitonitis had arisen.Histological examination revealed a significant proliferation or infiltration of reticulum cells, atypical mononuclear cells (histiocytic), mono‐ or multinuclear giant cells as well as a fair number of plasma cells associated with a relatively scarce number of lymphocytes in the systemic lymphoid tissues. These clinical and pathological findings lead us to the postulation that the present case may have manifested some defense defects or immune mechanisms against the vaccinia virus in the lymphatic system to produce the characteristic lesion found at autopsy.