bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speciation simulation and sorption mechanism of 238Pu in radioactive waste repository lithosphere
Authors: Chen Chao , Yang Song , Zhu Jun , Zhang Aiming , Lian Bing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The assessment of the migratory and environmental behavior of radioactive nuclides escaping from waste treatment facilities heavily relies on the use of numerical models capable of simulating and characterizing all significant processes of nuclides in complex geological environments. Adsorption models typically encompass the chemical properties of the nuclides themselves and their chemical reactions with the surrounding environment, as well as processes such as ion exchange or physical adsorption. These processes must be taken into consideration in the long-term safety assessment of radioactive waste repositories. The redox-sensitive nuclide 238Pu, a critical member among transuranic elements, exhibits a diverse range of aqueous forms, and concurrently, it possesses high toxicity. The chemical behavior of 238Pu shows strong spatial variability with changes in environmental conditions. In this study, we constructed a theoretical model for the migration of nuclides in soil and groundwater environments through indoor static batch experiments and hydrogeochemical simulations. Experimental methods were employed to dissect the micro-scale, irreversible adsorption reaction processes of nuclides and identify their primary existing forms. According to field measurements, the pH of groundwater was recorded as 7.48, with an Eh of 125.7 mV. Introducing a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 g/mL in centrifuge tubes, we measured the radioactive nuclide concentration after achieving adsorption and desorption equilibrium, obtaining adsorption and desorption isotherms. The PHREEQC software was employed to investigate the changes in 238Pu forms under varying conditions of pH and redox potential. Field measurements provided groundwater pH and Eh values. The activity concentration of the nuclide was measured after reaching adsorption and desorption equilibrium. The results show that the adsorption isotherms of 238Pu differ from its desorption isotherms, indicating an irreversible adsorption-desorption process. Ion exchange and surface complexation were identified as the main modes of adsorption. PHREEQC simulations revealed that 238Pu primarily existed in forms such as tetravalent Pu(OH)4 and trivalent Pu(SO4)2
−, PuSO4
+. Pu(OH)4 accounted for the largest proportion (97%) in the groundwater solution system, while a minimal amount of pentavalent PuO2
+ was present. Environmental factors, such as pH and the presence of ions like SO4
2− and HCO3
−, influenced the forms of 238Pu.
Growth and physiochemical properties of semi organic ammonium pentaborate dihydrate single crystal
Authors: Dhatchaiyini Kumar , Vinothkumar Panjanathan , Joyal Isac Sankar , Dinesh Ayyar , Ammavasi Malarkodi , Mohamed Hanifa Nizam Mohideen , Ayyar Manikandan , Ansari AbuZar , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Fouad Hassan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The slow evaporation technique was used to produce nonlinear optical ammonium pentaborate dihydrate (APBDH) single crystals. The crystal lattice parameters and structure of APBDH crystal was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction (S-XRD) technique with the triclinic space group. The optical band gap of the grown crystal was determined using UV–Vis spectrophotometer. There is no absorption peak was observed in the entire visible region of the spectrum. The functional groups of the APBDH crystal were identified through Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and Fourier transform Raman (FR-Raman) analyses. The thermal decomposition and thermal stability of the grown crystal was measured using TG-DTA analyses. The laser damage threshold (LDT) analysis was used to know the ability to withstand the influence of laser on the grown crystal. Photoconductivity of the grown crystal was studied and its photocurrent and dark current behavior was examined. The surface morphology of the APBDH crystal was evaluated using HR-SEM analysis. The APBDH crystal was exhibited second harmonic generation behavior and its efficiency was calculated with different particle sizes.
Rapidly determine venetoclax in plasma sample using an LC-MS/MS method and apply it in TDM for acute leukemia children patient
Authors: Zhang Yanni , Sun Ning , Mei Dong , Yu Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVenetoclax is the first oral Bcl-2 inhibitor with high affinity targeting tumor cell apoptosis mechanism. In this study we developed a simple, sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method to determine venetoclax in children's hemolytic or lipemic samples. The method utilized an electrospray ion source and operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Venetoclax-d8 was used as an internal standard. Plasma samples were precipitated by acetonitrile containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and were separated by a Hypersil GOLD column (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-2 mM ammonium acetate (30:70, v/v) containing 0.4% formic acid. The quantification for venetoclax and venetoclax-d8 were m/z 868.1 → 636.1, m/z 876.1 → 644.1, respectively. The linear range was 10–2,000 ng mL−1 for venetoclax. The matrix in normal plasma, hemolytic or lipemic plasma had no significant effect on the detection results. The specificity, recovery and stability also met the acceptance criteria of guiding principles for the validation of biological sample quantitative analysis presented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015). As a result, this method is particularly suitable for determining venetoclax in hemolytic or lipemic samples from children with acute myeloid leukemia. The method, with the application of monitoring drug concentrations in pediatric patients, was successful.
Contribution of ticagrelor therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome and patients with myocardial infarction to the achievement of State Program "Health Development" target in Russia as a whole and Russian regions in 2023-2025
Authors: Zhuravleva M. V. , Zyryanov S. K. , Paleev F. N. , Yakovlev A. N. , Gagarina Yu. V. , Marin T. V. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the contribution ticagrelor compared with clopidogrel therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and patients with myocardial infarction (MI) to achieving the State Program "Health Development" target "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" in the country as a whole and Russian regions in 2023-2025.Material and methods. In the first year of therapy, all patients over 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of ACS who were indicated for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) were considered as the target population. In the second and third years, therapy was continued by patients at high risk of coronary events after MI. The number of deaths that could be additionally prevented within 1 year after diagnosis using DAPT with ticagrelor compared with DAPT with clopidogrel was calculated based on the PLATO trial. For post-MI patients, the number of deaths that could be prevented in the second and third years of therapy using DAPT with ticagrelor+acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) compared with ASA monotherapy was calculated based on the PEGASUS trial. The proportion of the target "decrease of cardiovascular mortality of the population" in 2023-2025 that can be achieved by using DAPT with ticagrelor instead of clopidogrel or ASA monotherapy was calculated.Results. The use of ticagrelor as part of DAPT for patients with ACS will make it possible (compared to DAPT with clopidogrel or ASA) to contribute to achieving "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" target in the Russian Federation:in 2023 — 8,0% due to expected prevention of 4443 cardiovascular deaths,in 2024 — 30,3% due to expected prevention of 4753 cardiovascular deaths,in 2025, 5366 cardiovascular deaths can be Conclusion. The use of ticagrelor as part of DAPT for patients with ACS will contribute to achieving "decrease of cardiovascular mortality" target in the Russian Federation.
Diagnostic value of non-invasive indicators of myocardial function in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Shcherbinina A. V. , Golubeva A. V. , Galimskaya V. A. , Vershinina O. D. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study the diagnostic value of myocardial function parameters to assess their predictive ability in relation to left ventricular (LV) global contractility in patients after myocardial infarction (MI).Material and methods. The final analysis included 97 patients with MI aged 55,9±8,6 years. We performed standard two-dimensional echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography with analysis of following myocardial function parameters: global work index (GlobalWI, mm Hg %); global constructive work (GlobalCW, mm Hg %); global wasted work (GlobalWW, mm Hg %); global work efficiency (GlobalWE). The probability of ejection fraction (EF) reduction was analyzed using ROC curves using three criteria. The function parameters with the maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity were selected as the cut-off point.Results. On days 7-9 after MI, depending on the EF, patients were divided into 3 groups: "REF" — patients with EF <40%); "MREF" — with EF from 40 to 49%, and "PEF" — patients with EF ³50%. By the 24th week, GlobalWI increased by 23% in the PEF group and by 33% in the MREF group. In the REF group, there was a gradual decrease in GlobalWI until the end of the study. In the PEF group, GlobalCW increased by 21% by week 24. By the end of follow-up, an increase in GlobalWW of 15% was observed in the REF group. GlobalWI, GlobalCW and GlobalWW were found to have the highest sensitivity values (60%) for reduced EF, ranging from 4049% at 24 weeks from the index event. GlobalWW had the highest specificity value (80%). With regard to a decrease in EF <40% by week 24, the GlobalWW had the highest sensitivity (50%) and specificity (70%).Conclusion. Parameters of myocardial function have diagnostic and prognostic value for assessing LV systolic function after MI. Already in the acute period, myocardial function parameters can be used to determine the risk of decreased LV global contractility.
Galectin-3 and structural and functional left ventricular characteristics in coronary artery disease in combination with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fateev S. S. , Oranzhereeva V. N. , Fedulov V. K. , Kovalenko E. V. , Markova L. I. , Belaya O. L. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between the level of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and left ventricular (LV) structural and functional characteristics in coronary artery disease (CAD) with NYHA class I-III heart failure (HF) with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).Material and methods. We examined 120 patients (men — 68,3%) with coronary artery disease and class I-III HF, divided into 3 groups: group 1 — patients without T2D and CKD (n=40), group 2 — with CKD without T2D (n=40), group 3 — with T2D and CKD (n=40). The Gal-3 level was determined using the enzyme immunoassay, and LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was determined using the speckle tracking method.Results. In patients with coronary artery disease and CKD, including T2D, Gal-3 was higher (p=0,048) (in group 1 — 12,55 [10,60;23,05], in group 2 — 16,60 [11,75;23,95], in group 3 — 16,90 [11,90;25,15] ng/ ml) and more closely correlated with volume parameters, LV ejection fraction and the ratio of early diastolic transmitral flow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e'). Grade 2 diastolic dysfunction (DD) in group 1 was in 10%, in group 2 — in 47,5%, in group 3 — in 60% of patients. The groups did not differ in GLS (p=0,087).Conclusion. An increase in Gal-3 concentration with worsening HF and correlations between the biomarker level and volume parameters, LV mass index, LV ejection fraction, GLS and diastolic dysfunction indicate its important role in the development of myocardial remodeling and fibrosis.
Has COVID-19 affected regional mortality from acute coronary artery disease? (comparison of two periods of 2017-2019 and 2020-2022)
Authors: Samorodskaya I. V. , Bubnova M. G. , Akulova O. A. 
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the changes of mortality from acute coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Russian regions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020-2022 in comparison with the prepandemic period (2017-2019).Material and methods. Rosstat data on the average annual population and mortality rate in one-year age groups for 82 regions Russian were used. In the brief Nomenclature of Causes of Death of Rosstat, the codes of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) are grouped as follows: I21.0-9 (acute primary) myocardial infarction (MI), I22.0-9 (recurrent MI), I20, I24.1-9 (other types of acute coronary artery disease), U07.1 and U07.2 (coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)). The regional average standardized mortality rates (SMR; M±SD) were calculated using the European population standard using the direct standardization method per 100 thousand population. Comparisons were made using the nonparametric Wilcoxon t-test (differences were considered significant at p<0,05).Results. A decrease in the regional average SMR (per 100 thousand population) in the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period was revealed: from the sum of all acute CAD types — from 51,24±31,98 to 50,21±33,38 and from repeated MI — from 7,65±5,42 to 4,80±4,84; increase in SMR from acute MI — from 24,00±10,1 to 25,57±11,55, from other acute CAD types — from 19,58±25,23 to 19,83±26,21. Significant regional variability was noted in both the dynamics of the SMR from three acute CAD types, as well as the minimum and maximum SMR. Only in 2 regions in the pandemic period there was an increase in SMR from each of the three acute CAD types compared to the pre-pandemic period. In 18 regions, there was a decrease in SMR from each of the three forms, and in the rest, multidirectional changes were noted. There was no correlation between SMR for COVID-19 and SMR for acute CAD (r=0,034; p=0,76).Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on the regional average SMR from acute CAD. The significant decrease in SMR from recurrent MI is likely due to choice of the initial cause of death.
Is meta-analysis the "top of the evidence pyramid" in cardiology?
Authors: Martsevich S. Yu. 
Published: February 2024

The author comments on the significance and place of meta-analyses in modern evidence-based medicine, primarily in cardiology. The history of meta-analyses is briefly described. The main limitations of meta-analyses are reviewed. Examples are given where meta-analyses on the same problem had directly opposite results. The importance of meta-analyses in identifying side effects of drugs is discussed. The possibility of manipulating the results of meta-analyses is demonstrated. The significance of meta-analyses is currently being assessed through the example of the coronavirus pandemic, when different meta-analyses assessed the effectiveness and safety of the same drugs differently.The author concludes that meta-analyses should be excluded from level I evidence and given a more modest role in the hierarchy of evidence.
Fruit and seed morphometry and seed structure of the potentially invasive Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Navarrete-Sauza Emiliano , Rojas-Aréchiga Mariana , Pérez-Pacheco Mónica Karina , Márquez-Guzmán Judith 
Published: February 2024

Background: Calotropis procera is a plant native in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and Africa. In Mexico, its presence is now registered in Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Oaxaca. Questions and / or Hypotheses: Fruit and seed morphometry vary among places where it is native or exotic? Are seed structures well identified in Calotropis procera? Studied species: The exotic Calotropis procera has been already reported in several states in Mexico, however, information about its reproductive biology in Mexican populations is scarce. Studied site and dates: Fruits were collected in Oaxaca, Mexico in September 2019. Methods: We obtained fruit and seed morphometric data and seed images with microscopy. Results: The fruits are green and ovoid. The average number of seeds per fruit is 364 ± 86 (SD). The seed is brown and flattened dorsoventrally. The length of the seeds is 8.37 ± 0.413 mm, the width is 5.01 ± 0.39 mm, and the weight is 10.5 ± 7.86 mg. The position of the hilum and the micropyle is reported and the occurrence of two types of trichomes on the testa. We suggest that the protrusion on the ventral surface of the seed is the raphe. Conclusions: From data obtained we concluded that fruit and seed characteristics are well conserved in this species. We confirmed the position of the hilum and micropyle and reported the presence of two types of trichomes in the testa. Location of the raphe is suggested, providing information that may be useful for future taxonomic studies.
A Survey of Banks in Ghana's Credit Risk Management Practices
Authors: Dabi Rowland Seyram Koku , Nugraha Nugraha , Disman Disman , Sari Maya 
Published: February 2024

In recent times, banks and other financial institutions that lend money to customers have placed a high priority on credit risk management. To manage credit risk, banks employ customer evaluation systems, loan size restrictions, credit checks, flexible loan repayment plans, and fines Hence, the present study focuses on the credit risk management practices used in banks, to identify the internal control measures used in mitigating credit risk in banks and to examine the challenges faced in implementing credit risk management practices. The Ordinal Logistic Regression(OLR) was used to identify the relationships between the response variables, e.g. management support, credit risk identification, internal control measuers and credit risk management surveys. The independent variables were calculated on an ordered, 5-point Linear scale for the responding participants. In this study, log lit function was chosen, that demonstrated the model appropriateness. One of the main finding is that in banks, credit management risk is reduced when managers implement and adhere to responsible credit risk management procedures, viable client appraisal credit management system, regular credit checks, flexible credit repayment systems to encourage and improve loan repayment, were highly significant with the respondents’ positive initiative amidst credit risk management practices in banks.
Swyer – James – McLeod syndrome in an adult male
Authors: Makarevich A. М. , Zaytsev A. A. , Makarevich E. М. 
Published: February 2024

Swyer – James syndrome, also called Swyer – James – MacLeod syndrome (SJMS), is a rare acquired disorder characterized by pulmonary artery hypoplasia, unilateral hyperlucent lungs, and usually also bronchiectasis. Adults with SJMS are often diagnosed with and treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma, pneumothorax, or pulmonary embolism due to the similar clinical manifestations. Underestimation of an important radiological sign – unilateral “impoverishment” of the pulmonary pattern and hyperlucent lung – leads to erroneous diagnosis and inadequate treatment. Diagnosis of SJMS involves a computed tomography scan of the chest.The aim of this work was to familiarize readers with aspects of diagnosis and detail the clinical, radiological, and other characteristics of a patient with McLeod syndrome. The described adult man was diagnosed with SJMS at the age of 32. Some typical mistakes in examinations of such patients and the lack of vigilance of radiologists in case of unilateral hyperlucent lung are presented.Conclusion. Using the example of a rare clinical case of SJMS, we demonstrated the need to consider this syndrome when diagnosing adults with unjustified shortness of breath and a history of frequently recurrent pulmonary infections, with radiological signs of unilateral pulmonary emphysema and hyperlucent lung. According to the literature and our observations, computed tomography of the chest organs is a fast and reliable method for establishing the diagnosis of SJMS.
A study to evaluate the antenatal profile of mothers and the neonatal outcome in first 72 hours of life in VLBW babies at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Desai Chinmay Jitendra , Parikh Yogesh N , Bambharoliya Praful 
Published: February 2024

Low birth weight (LBW) is well-defined as a birth weight of &#60; 2500 g, as per the WHO. Internationally, it is predictable that 15–20% of all births, or &#62;20 million children yearly, are low birth weight. In developing countries, explanation for an inconsistent encumbrance of LBW; over 95% of the Globally LBW newborns are intuitive in developing countries. Low birth weight is a foremost public health problem in developing countries including India.To know the antenatal profile of the mother (which includes mother's age, height, weight, body mass index, parity) and the immediate neonatal outcome in VLBW (999-1500 g) babies at a tertiary care hospital. To assess correlation between antenatal care profile of mother and weight of the baby.A Hospital-based descriptive ambispective longitudinal study was conducted among 120 patients at Department of Pediatrics of tertiary care Hospital during February 2021 – August 2021.Among the study participants, 109(90.8%) were admitted within first day of birth. Only 1.7% cases were admitted after 3 days of birth due to complications. Among the patients, 52% died, while 4% DOR. Out of total, 44% and 16% were Discharged and DAMA, respectively.Prevention of very low birth weight of a newborn is the best way of promoting better health for babies and it can be achieved by giving adequate care to the females since early childhood and adolescence by promoting better nutrition and health care.
Gender perspective on the determinants of health outcomes in selected Southern African countries
Authors: Jemiluyi Olufunmilayo Olayemi , Jeke Leward 
Published: February 2024

Recurring global health concerns such as the COVID-19 pandemic served as perfect examples of the "health is wealth" discussion and contributed to a growing understanding of the strong relationships between multiple risks to global socioeconomic success and poor health. Another development is the inclusion of gender-specific health goals in the SDGs which have highlighted the critical role of women’s health in attaining global health and ending the cycle of poverty. This study aims at examining factors influencing women's health in two Southern African countries namely South Africa and Eswatini affected by a significant burden of disease. The regression outcomes show that female economic participation, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), female education, teenage pregnancy, income and urbanization have varying effects on female health outcomes in both countries using gender specific socioeconomic factors within the framework of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). This research engages policy makers and strategists in the health sector on the need to address gender disparities in formulating health policies. Moreover, policies and strategies aimed at fostering better health outcomes by solving national priority health challenges in particular the HIV/AIDS epidemic and health-risk behaviours should be prioritized.