bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolving methodologies in the management of preserved removed parts in Japanese architectural cultural properties
Authors: Kiyonaga Yohei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this inquiry, the author intends to investigate the evolving methodologies in the management of preserved removed parts within the scope of Japanese architectural cultural properties, as recognized by the national government. Central to this examination is a focus on the selection criteria stipulated in the official preservation guidelines. This exploration involves a comprehensive analysis structured in three phases: firstly, scrutinizing the modifications in selection criteria as delineated in the guidelines governing repair projects; secondly, compiling and categorizing additional designated preserved removed parts recognized as cultural properties into six distinct types; and thirdly, identifying the inaugural instances of such preserved components or the initial reports pertaining to repair projects. Through this multifaceted research approach, the study endeavors to elucidate the evolving methodologies in the management of preserved removed parts in the realm of Japanese architectural cultural properties.
Spatial prioritisation for crested newt conservation in Luxembourg: Insights from population genetics and species distribution modelling
Authors: Schleimer Anna , Cantú‐Salazar Lisette , Luttringer Amanda , Frantz Alain C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe intensification of agriculture and urbanisation has precipitated the decline of numerous species, including the northern crested newt (Triturus cristatus). To mitigate the impacts of habitat degradation and loss, restoration initiatives depend on evidence‐based decision‐making to identify priority sites for conservation efforts. Here, we employed a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on population genetics, species distribution modelling (SDMs) and landscape genetics to develop a spatial prioritisation framework for the creation and/or restoration of crested newt breeding ponds in Luxembourg.For the genetic analyses, more than 1000 crested newts from 98 ponds across Luxembourg were genotyped at 15 microsatellite loci to assess genetic diversity and spatial clustering. The relationship between newt presence and environmental variables was evaluated using SDMs. Priority restoration areas were identified with PRIORITZR, integrating genetic diversity, habitat suitability and connectivity.The population genetic structure was characterised by spatial clustering, which followed an isolation‐by‐distance pattern. Five sites were identified as significantly differentiated from the remaining populations, warranting targeted conservation efforts.Standing water bodies and proximity to the nearest occupied pond were the most important predictors of crested newt presence. The highest gain in habitat suitability through the creation of new ponds was predicted to occur in southwest Luxembourg.Based on the country‐wide predicted occurrence of crested newts and gains in habitat suitability, areas of highest restoration potential were identified in close proximity to existing crested newt populations. The produced maps of priority restoration areas should inform future conservation efforts of the crested newt in Luxembourg.While the importance of preserving genetic diversity is widely recognised, the theory‐practice gap frequently precludes the incorporation of genetic aspects into in situ conservation measures or management policies. This case study demonstrates the integration of multidisciplinary analyses within an evidence‐based framework to guide species conservation efforts.
Adaptive cluster consensus control of nonlinear multi‐agent system via the dynamic event‐triggered strategy
Authors: Xia Yaping , Li Ruiyu , Liu Renfei , Wan Hang , Zhao Haiyan 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn this article, the cluster consensus problems of two classes of nonlinear multi‐agent systems (NMASs) are studied under the dynamic event‐triggered control (ETC) strategy, where cooperative‐competitive interactions among agents and high‐order dynamics are considered. First, two dynamic ETC protocols are developed to realize the cluster synchronization of NMASs. Different from the static ETC, a dynamic parameter regulated by an adaptive law is used in place of a constant which can improve the trigger time intervals and reduce the energy consumption. Subsequently, an adaptive control mechanism based on the proposed ETC strategy is designed to adjust the controller parameter for agents. Some sufficient conditions for achieving the cluster consensus of NMASs are derived by using the Lyapunov stability theory and algebraic graph theory. Moreover, it is proved in theory that Zeno phenomenon can be excluded with these control schemes. Finally, two simulation examples validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Robust attitude tracking control for a variable‐pitch quadrotor with uncertainties
Authors: Zhao Bo , Yue Dong , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2024

SummaryVariable‐pitch quadrotors have demonstrated their capability to enhance control performance and overcome limitations compared to conventional fixed‐pitch quadrotors, while still facing challenges such as nonlinearity, couplings, uncertainties and so on. This article aims to address the robust attitude control problem of variable‐pitch quadrotors afflicted with parametric uncertainties and unpredictable external disturbances. Initially, a practical actuator allocation strategy for the motor‐propeller is proposed, followed by the development of a nonlinear robust attitude tracking controller capable of addressing all uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in ensuring exponential stability of the closed‐loop system, thereby driving the attitude tracking error to a small range within a finite time, has been substantiated. To evaluate the control performance, a hardware‐in‐the‐loop testbed is constructed to conduct real‐time experiments. The experimental results from attitude control case, comparative case, and position control case demonstrate that the designed motor‐propeller allocation method and robust controller are effective in achieving a fast response and excellent control performance.
Fixed‐time distributed adaptive optimization for third‐order nonlinear fully heterogeneous vehicular platoon systems
Authors: Lei Jiayi , Li Yuan‐Xin 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn this article, the problem of fixed‐time distributed optimization is researched for third‐order fully heterogeneous nonlinear connected and autonomous vehicles. To address this problem, a fixed‐time distributed optimization algorithm is proposed via a two‐step strategy. First, an optimization algorithm is proposed to generate a virtual reference signal that can converge to the optimal solution. Then, we further construct an adaptive tracking controller to track the virtual signal based on the first step. In the design process of the controller, the virtual control variables and the actual control input are obtained by using the backstepping technique. Furthermore, a fast fixed‐time filter is introduced to avoid the issue of discontinuous gradient functions. Fuzzy logic systems are employed to address the unknown part of the nonlinear function. By using tools from the fixed‐time stability criterion, convex optimization theory, and Lyapunov stability theory, it can be demonstrated that the provided strategy drives all optimization variables to the optimal solution within a fixed time and guarantees the closed‐loop system signals are bounded. Finally, the effectiveness of control strategy is verified via a numerical simulation.
Two‐Photon Laser Printing to Mechanically Stimulate Multicellular Systems in 3D
Authors: Colombo Federico , Taale Mohammadreza , Taheri Fereydoon , Villiou Maria , Debatin Teresa , Dulatahu Gent , Kollenz Philipp , Schmidt Målin , Schlagheck Christina , Wittbrodt Joachim , Selhuber‐Unkel Christine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiological activities take place in 3D environments, where cells interact in various directions in a defined, often microstructured, space. A sub‐millimeter‐sized stretching device is developed to mechanically stimulate a structurally restricted, soft multicellular microenvironment to investigate the effect of defined cyclic mechanical forces on a multicellular system. It consists of a multi‐material 3D microstructure made of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and gelatine‐based hydrogel, which is printed using the 2‐photon polymerization (2PP) method. The printed structures are first characterized microscopically and mechanically to study the effect of different printing parameters. Using 2PP, organotypic cell cultures are then directly printed into the hydrogel structures to create true 3D cell culture systems. These systems are mechanically stimulated with a cantilever by indenting at defined positions. The cells in the 3D organotypic cell culture change morphology and actin orientation when exposed to cyclic mechanical stretch, even within short timescales of 30 min. As proof of concept, a Medaka retinal organoid is encapsulated in the same structure to demonstrate that even preformed organoids can be stimulated by this method. The results highlight the capability of 2PP for manufacturing multifunctional soft devices to mechanically control multicellular systems at micrometer resolution and thus mimic mechanical stresses as they occur in vivo.
In Situ Imaging of Dynamic Current Paths in a Neuromorphic Nanoparticle Network with Critical Spiking Behavior
Authors: Gronenberg Ole , Adejube Blessing , Hemke Torben , Drewes Jonas , Asnaz Oguz Han , Ziegler Florian , Carstens Niko , Strunskus Thomas , Schürmann Ulrich , Benedikt Jan , Mussenbrock Thomas , Faupel Franz , Vahl Alexander , Kienle Lorenz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the strive for energy efficient computing, many different neuromorphic computing and engineering schemes have been introduced. Nanoparticle networks (NPNs) at the percolation threshold have been established as one of the promising candidates, e.g., for reservoir computing because among other useful properties they show self‐organization and brain‐like avalanche dynamics. The dynamic resistance changes trace back to spatio‐temporal reconfigurations in the connectivity upon resistive switching in distributed memristive nano‐junctions and nano‐gaps between neighboring nanoparticles. Until now, however, there has not yet been any direct imaging or monitoring of current paths in NPN. In this study, an NPN comprising of Ag/CxOyHzcore/shell and Ag nanoparticles at the percolation threshold is reported. It is shown that this NPN is within a critical regime, exhibiting avalanche dynamics. To monitor in situ the evolving current paths in this NPN, active voltage contrast and resistive contrast imaging are used complementarily. Including simulations, the results provide experimental insight toward understanding the complex current response of the memristive NPN. As such, this study paves the way toward an experimental characterization of dynamic reorganizations in current paths inside NPN, which is highly relevant for validating and improving simulations and finally establishing a deeper understanding of switching dynamics in NPNs.
Electrically/Magnetically Dual‐Driven Shape Memory Composites Fabricated by Multi‐Material Magnetic Field‐Assisted 4D Printing
Authors: Wu Pan , Yu Tianyu , Chen Mingjun , Kang Nan , Mansori Mohamed El 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShape memory polymers (SMPs) are smart materials that enable to transform back to their original shape from the deformed state when subjected to external stimuli. They have shown great potential used as sensors and actuators in diverse applications. However, current research on SMPs primarily focuses on the utilization of a single source of stimuli (e.g., electricity, magnetism, light, etc.), which heavily restricts their potential in complex circumstances. In this study, a novel approach is developed to fabricate multi‐layer electrically/magnetically dual‐driven shape memory composites (ML‐EMSMCs) based on a magnetic field‐assisted digital light processing (MF‐DLP) 4D printing technique. The fabricated ML‐EMSMCs contain alternating high electric conductive layers (up to 5.37 × 10−3 S cm−1) and magnetic responsive layers (10.7 emu g−1), enabling Joule heat‐based and high‐frequency magnetic field induction‐based stimuli. Furthermore, the ML‐EMSMCs exhibited excellent shape memory behavior, good formability, and magnetic properties. The developed 4D printing techniques allows for the alignment of magnetic particles with a unidirectional magnetic field, significantly improving their shape recovery speed. The developed electrically/magnetically dual‐driven and photocurable SMP composites shed light on the development of actuators and sensors with multiple functionalities.
Iron Molybdenum Sulfide‐Supported Ultrafine Ru Nanoclusters for Robust Sulfion Degradation‐Assisted Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Zhou Min , Fu Rong , Ge Ju , Yang Wei , Hong Xufeng , Sun Congli , Liao Xiaobin , Zhao Yan , Wang Zhaoyang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and (S2−) recycling present promising strategies for cost‐effective hydrogen production and simultaneous removal of environmental pollutants. However, the advancement of this technology is hindered by the limited availability of affordable, efficient, and stable catalysts. Herein, the study synthesizes ultrafine ruthenium (Ru) nanoclusters on a substrate of iron molybdenum sulfide (FeMo‐S) nanosheets, creating a new heterointerface catalyst (FeMo‐S/Ru) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR). Experimental and theoretical calculations suggest that strong electron interactions between Ru nanoclusters and FeMo‐S substrate, optimizing *H adsorption and promoting HER activity on one side while facilitating the production and adsorption of sulfur intermediates on the other side, effectively catalyzing SOR. Additionally, the assembled electrocatalytic coupling system with FeMo‐S/Ru displays an ultralow cell voltage of 0.57 V at 100 mA cm−2, achieving high Faradaic efficiencies (>96%) for H2 production, while also exhibiting remarkable durability over 1 month (838 h). This work paves the way for the development of highly efficient and durable supported catalysts, enabling energy‐saving hydrogen production and environmentally friendly sulfion recycling.
Designing a Corrosion Inhibiting Layer to Enhance Cycling Stability of 4.7 V Ni‐Rich Cathode
Authors: Wu Kai , Li Zhonghong , Chen Xiaobo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe advent of Ni‐rich cathode promises to increase their energy density of lithium (Li) ion batteries. However, the inherent catalytic activity and resultant decomposition products deteriorate the interfacial stability of Ni‐rich cathode. This case is further exacerbated by a higher operation voltage for delivering more capacity. Here, a facile strategy is reported for coating garnet solid electrolyte as a corrosion inhibiting layer for Ni‐rich cathode, aiming to establish an efficient Li‐conducting and stable interface that reinforces the Li transport and withstands the HF attack, respectively. Benefiting from this design, the interface of modified Ni‐rich cathode exhibits less polarization and fewer side reactions even at a cut‐off voltage of 4.7 V. This difference is mainly attributed to the fast Li transport stemming from the compatibility between Ni‐rich cathode and garnet solid electrolyte. Meanwhile, the stable and dense cathode electrolyte layer, observed by cryo‐transmission electron microscopy characterization, inhibits side reaction between Ni‐rich cathode and liquid electrolyte. This work provides an effective strategy to reinforce the interfacial stability of Ni‐rich cathode and has the potential to advance the commercialization of Ni‐rich cathodes.
Flexoelectricity‐Enhanced Self‐Powered Photodetection in 2D van der Waals Heterojunctions With Large Curvatures
Authors: Qi Lu , Tang Wei , Weng Xiaoliang , Wu Kewen , Cen Yingqian , Sun Yuting , Zhou Shasha , Li Zelong , Wu Xiaokeng , Kang Chenxu , Zhao Duo , Dai Sichao , Xie Yifei , Liang Huawei , Zhang Wenjing , Zeng Yu‐Jia , Ruan Shuangchen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe unique morphology of 2D van der Waals materials enables them to withstand large deformations and significant nonuniform strain, potentially inducing a strong flexoelectric effect. Despite the size‐dependent flexoelectric effect showing potential for modulating the optoelectronic performance of 2D van der Waals materials, it is far from being fully exploited owing to various challenges. Herein, the use of nanowires with different diameters as the bending media to fabricate 2D α‐In2Se3/β‐InSe heterojunctions with large curvatures of 0.1–1 µm−1 is proposed. The significant band alignment modulation in α‐In2Se3 resulting from the bending‐induced flexoelectric effect is verified through Kelvin probe force microscopy. The strain‐induced piezoelectric effect can be negated because of the weak vdW forces at the interface. The flexoelectric polarization in β‐InSe is screened via the accumulated electrons in the unilateral depleted heterojunction. Compared to the flat heterojunction, the curved heterojunction with an average curvature of 0.9 µm−1 shows 2.48‐fold and 7.62‐fold increases in open‐circuit voltage and zero‐biased responsivity, respectively. This study demonstrates the first successful modulation of photodetection in 2D heterojunctions by exploiting the flexoelectric effect, providing a new perspective for high‐performance 2D vdW optoelectronic devices.
Ion‐Dipole Interaction for Self‐Assembled Monolayers: A New Strategy for Buried Interface in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Shuanglin , Khan Danish , Zhou Wencai , Sui Yujie , Zhang Tong , Yu Guoping , Huang Yuanmei , Yang Xiqi , Chen Xiaoqing , Yan Hui , Tang Jun , Yang Fan , Han Peigang , Zheng Zilong , Zhang Yongzhe , Tang Zeguo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNickel oxide (NiOX) has a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency and stability of p‐i‐n inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which hold great potential for commercialization. However, improving contact passivation between perovskites and NiOX is a challenge due to a hindered buried interface. In order to address this issue, self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) are introduced as a buffer layer to prevent direct contact and non‐radiative recombination. While, the large dipole moment of SAMs increases the work function of NiOX, which is crucial for enhancing hole transport performance, given the low interfacial potential barrier for hole transfer. By a combination of the first‐principles calculations, drive‐level capacitance profiling, and transient absorption spectrum characterization, the understanding of the ion‐dipole interactions and interface passivation mechanism of potassium fluoride (KF) ultra‐thin buffer layer between SAMs and perovskites is provided. The efficiency of inverted PSCs as high as 23.25% is obtained, and the unencapsulated devices kept 90% of initial efficiency following 1400 h aging under nitrogen, which demonstrate remarkable long‐term stability as well. This novel strategy highlights the significance of SAMs dipole moment at the NiOX/perovskites interface and provides a new approach to address buried interfaces for high‐efficiency and long‐term stability in inverted PSCs.
Structural Engineering Enables Suppressed Ion Migration and Enhanced Hard X‐Ray Detection Performance in Novel Oxide Single Crystals
Authors: Guo Xiaojie , Cao Tingting , Sun Youxuan , Wang Lei , Gao Zeliang , Tao Xutang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractX‐ray detectors have obtained great attention in medical diagnostics, security checks, and space exploration. However, ion migration of X‐ray detectors results in dark current drift, low signal‐to‐noise ratio, and degradation of detection performance. Here, ion migration properties of Li2ZrTeO6 and ZrTe3O8 are comprehensively investigated by theoretical analysis and experimental results. ZrTe3O8 single crystal exhibits a high migration barrier of O2− ion (1.89 eV), a high ion activation energy (992.6 meV), and an ultralow dark current drift (3.16 × 10−9 nA cm−1 s−1 V−1) due to the absence of Li+ cations and the disconnecting of adjacent ZrO6 octahedra, which is better than Li2ZrTeO6 single crystal. These results show that the absence of low atomic number elements and the disconnecting of adjacent octahedra in crystal structure can inhibit ion migration essentially. Owing to a high resistivity, a high mobility lifetime product, suppressed ion migration, and the lone‐pair electrons enhancement effect of detection performance for Te4+ cations, ZrTe3O8 X‐ray detector shows a high sensitivity of 348 µC Gy−1 cm−2 and an ultralow detection limit of 15.4 nGyair s−1. This work proposes an effective strategy to inhibit ion migration and proves the enhancement effect of detection performance for the cations containing lone‐pair electrons.
Biomimetic MOF‐Based Nano‐Immunoactivator via Disruption of Ion Homeostasis for Strengthened Tumor Microwave‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Zengzhen , Guo Wenna , Tan Longfei , Fu Changhui , Wu Qiong , Ren Xiangling , Jiang Guihua , Ma Tengchuang , Meng Xianwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractImmunogenic cell death (ICD) is a promising strategy for anticancer immunity by inducing antigen‐presenting cell maturation. However, the traditional ICD inducers, such as chemotherapeutic agents, have largely hampered their application by severe side effects and low tumor selectivity. The changes intra/extracellular ion concentrations affect the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Interference with ion homeostasis can induce tumor cell death and elicit immune responses. Here, a biomimetic Ga‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) coated with red blood cell–platelet fusion membrane (RPM), that is, 5‐fluorouracil@GaMOF@RPM (5‐FUGR) nano‐immunoactivator, is reported as a highly efficient ICD inducer for enhanced microwave (MW)‐immunotherapy. Following intravenous administration, 5‐FUGR accumulates to tumor site via RPM biomimetic modification‐mediated long circulation and active targeting. The structure of 5‐FUGR undergoes degradation and releases Ga3+. MW combined with high concentrations of Ga3+ disrupts intracellular ion homeostasis, which leads to severe oxidative stress and intracellular Ca2+ retention to promote apoptosis of tumor cells. More importantly, 5‐FUGR combined with MW not only completely eradicates 4T1 primary tumors, but also induces efficient ICD, immune initiation, and memory effects to inhibit metastatic and recurrence of the tumor. Thus, 5‐FUGR, as a strong ICD inducer, provides new insights into achieving tumor immunity in combination with other therapies.
Organic Heterojunction Phototransistors with Bi‐Directional Photoresponse for Vision Biomimetics
Authors: Shi Xiaofang , Xu Yunchao , Liu Wanrong , Jin Chenxing , Wang Shuyang , Sun Jia , Yang Junliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe scientific community is very interested in artificial visual perception systems because of their neuromorphological capabilities, such as image recognition, learning, and memory. This study reports on an organic heterojunction ambipolar transistor with PTCDI‐C8/C8‐BTBT/PTCDI‐C8 sandwich structure. The proposed transistor efficiently transports both holes and electrons, with a current‐on‐switch ratio of ≈106. Furthermore, hole or electron carrier transmission mechanisms are constructed to achieve the controllable adjustment of bi‐directional photoresponse under identical light illumination conditions by adjusting the gate voltage (positive photoresponse for Vg = 30 V and negative photoresponse for Vg = −30 V). The basic synaptic behaviors are simulated under light illumination, and the power consumption of the device is 18.51 fJ per synaptic event, which is comparable to the energy required for biological synapses. Finally, the simulation of human visual adaptation is completed using the bi‐directional photoresponse effects of the organic heterojunction phototransistor array, which provides a novel idea for neuromorphic visual simulation.