bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Capping Layer for High Efficiency FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells with Long‐Term Stability
Authors: Lou Qiang , Xu Xinxin , Lv Xueqing , Xu Zhengjie , Sun Tian , Qiu Liwen , Dai Tingting , Zhou Erjun , Li Guijun , Chen Tong , Lin Yen‐Hung , Zhou Hang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIonic liquid salts (ILs) are generally recognized as additives in perovskite precursor solutions to enhance the efficiency and stability of solar cells. However, the success of ILs incorporation as additives is highly dependent on the precursor formulation and perovskite crystallization process, posing challenges for industrial‐scale implementation. In this study, a room‐temperature spin‐coated IL, n‐butylamine acetate (BAAc), is identified as an ideal passivation agent for formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) films. Compared with other passivation methods, the room‐temperature BAAc capping layer (BAAc RT) demonstrates more uniform and thorough passivation of surface defects in the FAPbI3 perovskite. Additionally, it provides better energy level alignment for hole extraction. As a result, the champion n–i–p perovskite solar cell with a BAAc capping layer exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.76%, with an open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.19 V, and a Voc loss of ≈330 mV. The PCE of the perovskite mini‐module with BAAc RT reaches 20.47%, showcasing the effectiveness and viability of this method for manufacturing large‐area perovskite solar cells. Moreover, the BAAc passivation layer also improves the long‐term stability of unencapsulated FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells, enabling a T80 lifetime of 3500 h when stored at 35% relative humidity at room temperature in an air atmosphere.
Revealing the Hole and Electron Transport Dynamics in the Working Devices for Efficient Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jiang Chaofan , Qin Tingxiao , Tan Liguo , Li Hang , Zhou Junjie , Li Minghao , Dang Zhi‐Min , Ding Liming , Xiong Qihua , Yi Chenyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are dominated by the electron and hole transport dynamics, which are highly desired to be characterized in the working devices. Nevertheless, for the opaque PSCs, the hole transport layer (HTL) in n–i–p devices or the electron transport layer (ETL) in p–i–n devices are typically buried beneath the metal electrode, which makes it difficult to simultaneously characterize the charge transport dynamics from both sides of the working devices. In this work, for the first time, the charge transport dynamics of the working devices from both the front and rear side of semitransparent PSCs (ST‐PSCs) is characterized via femtosecond transient reflection spectroscopy (FS‐TRS). A significant enhancement of the hole transport and negligible change of the electron transport is observed when the perovskite/HTL interface is treated by 2‐chloro‐phenethylammonium iodide (2‐Cl‐PEAI). A champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.3% (certified 22.3%) is achieved, which is the highest certified PCE for ST‐PSCs up to date. The ST‐PSCs maintained more than 90% of its initial efficiency after 2000 h of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Additionally, the ST‐PSCs are implemented in 4‐terminal (4‐T) perovskite/passivated emitter rear silicon cell (PERC), reaching a simulated output power of 30.8 mW cm−2.
Racial and ethnic differences in the association between depressive symptoms and cognitive outcomes in older adults: Findings from KHANDLE and STAR
Authors: Jimenez Marcia P. , Gause Emma L. , Sims Kendra D. , Hayes‐Larson Eleanor , Morris Emily P. , Fletcher Evan , Manly Jennifer , Gilsanz Paola , Soh Yenee , Corrada Maria , Whitmer Rachel A. , Glymour Medellena Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDepressive symptoms are associated with higher risk of dementia, but how they impact cognition in diverse populations is unclear.METHODSAsian, Black, Latino, or White participants (n = 2227) in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences (age 65+) and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans (age 50+) underwent up to three waves of cognitive assessments over 4 years. Multilevel models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to examine whether depressive symptoms were associated with cognition or cognitive decline and whether associations differed by race/ethnicity.RESULTSHigher depressive symptoms were associated with lower baseline verbal episodic memory scores (−0.06, 95% CI: −0.12, −0.01; −0.15, 95% CI: −0.25, −0.04), and faster decline annually in semantic memory (−0.04, 95% CI: −0.07, −0.01; −0.10, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.05) for Black and Latino participants. Depressive symptoms were associated with lower baseline but not decline in executive function.DISCUSSIONDepressive symptoms were associated with worse cognitive outcomes, with some evidence of heterogeneity across racial/ethnic groups.HIGHLIGHTS
We examined whether baseline depressive symptoms were differentially associated with domain‐specific cognition or cognitive decline by race/ethnicity.
Depressive symptoms were associated with worse cognitive scores for all racial/ethnic groups across different domains examined.
Higher depressive symptoms were associated with faster cognitive decline for semantic memory for Black and Latino participants.
The results suggest a particularly harmful association between depressive symptoms and cognition in certain racial/ethnic groups.
Single‐cell transcriptomic sequencing identifies subcutaneous patient‐derived xenograft recapitulated medulloblastoma
Authors: Gao Jiayu , Zhao Yahui , Wang Ziwei , Liu Fei , Chen Xuan , Mo Jialin , Jiang Yifei , Liu Yongqiang , Tian Peiyi , Li Yanong , Deng Kaiwen , Qi Xueling , Han Dongming , Liu Zijia , Yang Zhengtao , Chen Yixi , Tang Yujie , Li Chunde , Liu Hailong , Li Jiankang , Jiang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant brain tumors that mainly affect children. Various approaches have been used to model MB to facilitate investigating tumorigenesis. This study aims to compare the recapitulation of MB between subcutaneous patient‐derived xenograft (sPDX), intracranial patient‐derived xenograft (iPDX), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) at the single‐cell level.MethodsWe obtained primary human sonic hedgehog (SHH) and group 3 (G3) MB samples from six patients. For each patient specimen, we developed two sPDX and iPDX models, respectively. Three Patch+/− GEMM models were also included for sequencing. Single‐cell RNA sequencing was performed to compare gene expression profiles, cellular composition, and functional pathway enrichment. Bulk RNA‐seq deconvolution was performed to compare cellular composition across models and human samples.ResultsOur results showed that the sPDX tumor model demonstrated the highest correlation to the overall transcriptomic profiles of primary human tumors at the single‐cell level within the SHH and G3 subgroups, followed by the GEMM model and iPDX. The GEMM tumor model was able to recapitulate all subpopulations of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells that can be clustered in human SHH tumors, including a higher proportion of tumor‐associated astrocytes and immune cells, and an additional cluster of vascular endothelia when compared to human SHH tumors.ConclusionsThis study was the first to compare experimental models for MB at the single‐cell level, providing value insights into model selection for different research purposes. sPDX and iPDX are suitable for drug testing and personalized therapy screenings, whereas GEMM models are valuable for investigating the interaction between tumor and TME cells.
Exotic Topological Magnetic States in Thin Co/Pd Ferromagnetic Films
Authors: Dorokhin Mikhail V. , Ved Mikhail V. , Kalentyeva Irina L. , Demina Polina B. , Zdoroveyshchev Anton V. , Zdoroveyshchev Daniil A. , Kudrin Alexey V. , Temiryazeva Marina P. , Temiryazev Alexei G. , Tatarskiy Dmitry A. , Trushin Vladimir N. , Orlova Anastasia N. , Kriukov Ruslan N. , Zubkov Sergey Yu. , Sadovnikov Alexandr V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThin ferromagnet/heavy metal multilayer films are considered as prospective media for a magnetic recording and Co/Pd films are a good example of such materials. In this work, the magnetic properties and micromagnetic structure of Co/Pd multilayer films are studied with different bilayer thicknesses ([Co(0.3 × t nm)/Pd(0.5 × t nm)]10), but with the same ratio Co versus Pd. Transmission electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction studies allow authors to suppose that the investigated films are highly mixed alloys. Magnetic force microscopy and Lorentz transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of various micromagnetic features in the films. Along with skyrmions that are well‐known magnetic topological artifacts some new features are revealed, which are interpreted as 360° domain walls, skyrmioniums and the combination of the above two. It is found that the type and density of micromagnetic features strongly depend on the bilayer thickness parameter (t). The effect is associated with the peculiarities of interfacial magnetic interactions in the samples with highly mixed interfaces. The tooling coefficient represents a useful tool of the electron beam evaporation technique enabling wide manipulation of micromagnetic particles, in particular, skyrmioniums that are currently considered a prospective media for current driven magnetic recording.
Study on the synergistic effect of additives on the processing performance of UHMWPE/HDPE blends
Authors: Liu Jie , Jin Tongcheng , Qin Shengxue , Zhang Hongbin , Zhou Haiping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe challenging melt processing of ultrahigh‐molecular‐weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) melt spinning hinders its efficiency and quality, which can be improved by processing aids that enhance its flowability. Building upon modifications of UHMWPE with high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), this article studies the effects of CaSt2, polyethylene glycol (PEG), silicone powder, and their compound additives on the processing performance of UHMWPE/HDPE blends. The modification effects and mechanisms are studied by analyzing processing torque, melt flow rate, viscoelastic activation energy, and rheological performance. The research results indicate that 1 wt% PEG significantly improves the processing flowability of UHMWPE/HDPE blends, and PEG mainly plays an internal lubrication role on the molecular chains of the blends. The combination of 0.5 wt% CaSt2 and 0.5 wt% silicone powder exhibits a synergistic effect of internal and external lubrication on the UHMWPE/HDPE blends melt processing, further improving the processing performance of UHMWPE/HDPE blends. Compared with unmodified blends, the maximum screw speed for obtaining qualified as‐spun filaments of UHMWPE/HDPE blends modified with CaSt2/silicone powder compound additives increases from 5 to 20 rpm, which means that the critical shear rate of the modified UHMWPE/HDPE blend melt processing is significantly improved. Meanwhile, the processing torque decreases by about 22%.
Amplified Type I Interferon Response in Sjögren's Disease via Ectopic Toll‐Like Receptor 7 Expression in Salivary Gland Epithelial Cells Induced by Lysosome‐Associated Membrane Protein 3
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tsutomu , Zheng Changyu , Afione Sandra A. , Atsumi Tatsuya , Noguchi Masayuki , Oliveira Fabiola Reis , Motta Ana Carolina F. , Chahud Fernando , Rocha Eduardo M. , Warner Blake M. , Chiorini John A. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveLysosome‐associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3) misexpression in salivary gland epithelial cells plays a causal role in the development of salivary gland dysfunction and autoimmunity associated with Sjögren's disease (SjD). This study aimed to clarify how epithelial LAMP3 misexpression is induced in SjD.MethodsTo explore upstream signaling pathways associated with LAMP3 expression, we conducted multiple RNA sequencing analyses of minor salivary glands from patients with SjD, submandibular glands from a mouse model of SjD, and salivary gland epithelial cell lines. A hypothesis generated by the RNA sequencing analyses was further tested by in vitro and in vivo assays with gene manipulation.ResultsTranscriptome analysis suggested LAMP3 expression was associated with enhanced type I interferon (IFN) and IFNγ signaling pathways in patients with SjD. In vitro studies showed that type I IFN but not IFNγ stimulation could induce LAMP3 expression in salivary gland epithelial cells. Moreover, we discovered that LAMP3 overexpression could induce ectopic Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR‐7) expression and type I IFN production in salivary gland epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. TLR‐7 knockout mice did not develop any SjD‐related symptoms following LAMP3 induction.ConclusionEpithelial LAMP3 misexpression can be induced through enhanced type I IFN response in salivary glands. In addition, LAMP3 can promote type I IFN production via ectopic TLR‐7 expression in salivary gland epithelial cells. This positive feedback loop can contribute to maintaining LAMP3 misexpression and amplifying type I IFN production in salivary glands, which plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of SjD.image
Development of a prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma polarity‐related genes and analysis of immune landscape
Authors: Xu Hongqiu , Du Wenqiang , Jing Xuelong , Xie Jingen , Li Pengfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the progress made in the management of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the overall prognosis for LUAD individuals remains suboptimal. While the role of cell polarity in tumor invasion and metastasis is well established, its prognostic significance in LUAD is still unknown. Differential analysis was performed on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)‐LUAD and normal lung tissue, and candidate genes were identified by intersecting differentially expressed genes with polarity‐related genes (PRGs). A prognostic model was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and LASSO regression. To enhance the robustness of the analysis, an independent prognostic analysis was conducted by incorporating relevant clinical information. The accuracy and sensitivity of the model were validated using survival analysis and ROC curves. Finally, immune landscape, immune therapy, tumor mutation burden, and drug sensitivity analysis were carried out on high‐ and low‐risk patients. Ten prognostic genes were screened to divide LUAD patients into different risk groups. Survival analysis, ROC curves, and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses collectively demonstrated the favorable predictive performance of the model, which could be an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram, in conjunction with the calibration curve, demonstrated the model's compelling predictive capacity in prognosticating the overall survival of LUAD individuals. Low‐risk LUAD patients exhibited heightened levels of immune cell infiltration, immune scores, and immune checkpoint expression compared to high‐risk individuals. So, they may have a greater likelihood of benefiting from immune therapy. The high‐risk group demonstrated a remarkably higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) in contrast with the low‐risk group. XAV‐939, Fulvestrant, and SR16157 may have potential value in the clinical use of LUAD. We revealed the potential linkage between PRGs and LUAD prognosis, and the application of these prognostic factors in risk stratification and prognosis prediction of LUAD patients may be of great significance.
Elucidating Gas Evolution of Prussian White Cathodes for Sodium‐ion Battery Application: The Effect of Electrolyte and Moisture
Authors: Dreyer Sören L. , Maddar Faduma M. , Kondrakov Aleksandr , Janek Jürgen , Hasa Ivana , Brezesinski Torsten 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Torsten Brezesinski at KIT. The cover picture shows gases evolving from a Prussian white cathode used in Na‐ion batteries in the presence of either NaPF6‐ or NaClO4‐containing electrolyte. H2 and CO2 are detected, as well as (CN)2, for which a formation mechanism is proposed. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202300595.
A single‐cell genomic strategy for alternative transcript start sites identification
Authors: Peng Yanling , Huang Qitong , Liu Danli , Kong Siyuan , Kamada Rui , Ozato Keiko , Zhang Yubo , Zhu Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlternative transcription start sites (TSSs) usage plays a critical role in gene transcription regulation in mammals. However, precisely identifying alternative TSSs remains challenging at the genome‐wide level. We report a single‐cell genomic technology for alternative TSSs annotation and cell heterogeneity detection. In the method, we utilize Fluidigm C1 system to capture individual cells of interest, SMARTer cDNA synthesis kit to recover full‐length cDNAs, then dual priming oligonucleotide system to specifically enrich TSSs for genomic analysis. We apply this method to a genome‐wide study of alternative TSSs identification in two different IFN‐β stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The data clearly discriminate two IFN‐β stimulated MEFs. Moreover, our results indicate 81% expressed genes in these two cell types containing multiple TSSs, which is much higher than previous predictions based on Cap‐Analysis Gene Expression (CAGE) (58%) or empirical determination (54%) in various cell types. This indicates that alternative TSSs are more pervasive than expected and implies our strategy could position them at an unprecedented sensitivity. It would be helpful for elucidating their biological insights in future.
Octadecyl and sulfonyl modification of diatomite synergistically improved the immobilization efficiency of lipase and its application in the synthesis of pine sterol esters
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Zhang Wei , Ma Guangzheng , Nian Binbin , Hu Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhytosterols usually have to be esterified to various phytosterol esters to avoid their disadvantages of unsatisfactory solubility and low bioavailability. The enzymatic synthesis of phytosterol esters in a solvent‐free system has advantages in terms of environmental friendliness, sustainability, and selectivity. However, the limitation of the low stability and recyclability of the lipase in the solvent‐free system, which often requires a relatively high temperature to induce the viscosity, also increased the industrial production cost. In this context, a low‐cost material, namely diatomite, was employed as the support in the immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) due to its multiple modification sites. The Fe3O4 was also then introduced to this system for quick and simple separation via the magnetic field. Moreover, to further enhance the immobilization efficiency of diatomite, a modification strategy which involved the octadecyl and sulfonyl group for regulating the hydrophobicity and interaction between the support and lipase was successfully developed. The optimization of the ratio of the modifiers suggested that the ‐SO3H/C18 (1:1.5) performed best with an enzyme loading and enzyme activity of 84.8 mg·g−1 and 54 U·g−1, respectively. Compared with free CRL, the thermal and storage stability of CRL@OSMD was significantly improved, which lays the foundation for the catalytic synthesis of phytosterol esters in solvent‐free systems. Fortunately, a yield of 95.0% was achieved after optimizing the reaction conditions, and a yield of 70.0% can still be maintained after six cycles.
Synchronously in vivo real‐time monitoring bacterial load and temperature with evaluating immune response to decipher bacterial infection
Authors: Sheng Huaixuan , Li Huizhu , Li Shunyao , Yu Chengxuan , Wang Yueming , Hu Haichen , Fang Lu , Chen Fuchun , Lu Yanyan , Xu Xiaogang , Yang Xing , Chen Shiyi , Hao Yuefeng , Li Yunxia , Feng Sijia , Chen Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDetermining the precise course of bacterial infection requires abundant in vivo real‐time data. Synchronous monitoring of the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response can satisfy the shortage of real‐time in vivo data. Here, we conducted a study in the joint‐infected mouse model to synchronously monitor the bacterial load, temperature, and immune response using the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging, infrared thermography, and immune response analysis for 2 weeks. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was proved successfully labeled with glucose‐conjugated quantum dots in vitro and in subcutaneous‐infected model. The bacterial load indicated by NIR‐II fluorescence imaging underwent a sharp drop at 1 day postinfection. At the same time, the temperature gap detected through infrared thermography synchronously brought by infection reached lowest value. Meanwhile, the flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that immune response including macrophage, neutrophil, B lymphocyte, and T lymphocyte increased to the peak at 1 day postinfection. Moreover, both M1 macrophage and M2 macrophage in the blood have an obvious change at ~ 1 day postinfection, and the change was opposite. In summary, this study not only obtained real‐time and long‐time in vivo data on the bacterial load, temperature gap, and immune response in the mice model of S. aureus infection, but also found that 1 day postinfection was the key time point during immune response against S. aureus infection. Our study will contribute to synchronously and precisely studying the complicated complex dynamic relationship after bacterial infection at the animal level.
Proteomic analysis of host cell protein fouling during bioreactor harvesting
Authors: Zhang Da , Wickramasinghe S. Ranil , Zydney Andrew L. , Smelko John P. , Loman Abdullah , Wheeler April , Qian Xianghong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are among the most common cell lines used for therapeutic protein production. Membrane fouling during bioreactor harvesting is a major limitation for the downstream purification of therapeutic proteins. Host cell proteins (HCP) are the most challenging impurities during downstream purification processes. The present work focuses on identification of HCP foulants during CHO bioreactor harvesting using reverse asymmetrical commercial membrane BioOptimal™ MF‐SL. In order to investigate foulants and fouling behavior during cell clarification, for the first time a novel backwash process was developed to effectively elute almost all the HCP and DNA from the fouled membrane filter. The isoelectric points (pIs) and molecular weights (MWs) of major HCP in the bioreactor harvest and fouled on the membrane were successfully characterized using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D SDS‐PAGE). In addition, a total of 8 HCP were identified using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectroscopy (MALDI‐MS). The majority of these HCP are enzymes or associated with exosomes, both of which can form submicron‐sized particles which could lead to the plugging of the filters.