bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low long-lasting insecticidal net use in malaria elimination areas in Southern Ethiopia: results from community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Endriyas Misganu , Kassa Mekidim , Chisha Yilma , Mekonnen Emebet , Misganaw Tebeje , Loha Eskindir , Astatkie Ayalew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite remarkable progress in malaria burden reduction, malaria continues to be a major public health problem globally. Ethiopia has been distributing long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) for free and nationwide distribution was completed in 2016. However, evidence suggests that the utilization of LLINs varies from setting to setting and from time to time due to different factors, and up-to-date evidence is required for LLIN related decision-making. Hence, this study was designed to assess LLIN utilization and its determinants in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People’s Region (SNNPR) of Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Southern Ethiopia in 2019. Using multi-stage sampling, a total of 2466 households were included. The region was stratified based on the annual malaria index as high, moderate, low, and free strata. Cluster sampling was then applied to select households from high, moderate, and low strata. Data on LLIN ownership, utilization and different determinant factors were collected using household questionnaire. SurveyCTO was used to collect data and data was managed using Stata 15. Descriptive statistics and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression were performed to identify the determinants of utilization of LLINs. Effect measures were reported using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI.

Results
From a total of 2466 households, 48.7% of households had at least one LLIN. LLIN adequacy based on family size was 23% while it was15.7% based on universal access and 29.2% based on sleeping space. From 1202 households that possessed LLIN(s), 66.0% of households reported that they slept under LLIN the night preceding the survey. However, when the total population in all surveyed households were considered, only 22.9% of household members slept under LLIN the night preceding the survey. Malaria endemicity, educational status, wealth status, and knowledge about malaria were associated with LLINs utilization. In addition, reasons for non-use included perceived absence of malaria, side effects of LLIN, conditions of LLINs, inconvenient space and low awareness.

Conclusion
Low LLIN coverage and low utilization were noted. A low level of utilization was associated with malaria endemicity, wealth status and level of awareness. Distribution of LLIN and continuous follow-up with community awareness creation activities are vital to improve coverage and utilization of LLINs, and to ensure the country’s malaria elimination goal.
Crosstalk between metabolism and cell death in tumorigenesis
Authors: Yang Shichao , Hu Caden , Chen Xiaomei , Tang Yi , Li Juanjuan , Yang Hanqing , Yang Yi , Ying Binwu , Xiao Xue , Li Shang‑Ze , Gu Li , Zhu Yahui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is generally recognized that tumor cells proliferate more rapidly than normal cells. Due to such an abnormally rapid proliferation rate, cancer cells constantly encounter the limits of insufficient oxygen and nutrient supplies. To satisfy their growth needs and resist adverse environmental events, tumor cells modify the metabolic pathways to produce both extra energies and substances required for rapid growth. Realizing the metabolic characters special for tumor cells will be helpful for eliminating them during therapy. Cell death is a hot topic of long-term study and targeting cell death is one of the most effective ways to repress tumor growth. Many studies have successfully demonstrated that metabolism is inextricably linked to cell death of cancer cells. Here we summarize the recently identified metabolic characters that specifically impact on different types of cell deaths and discuss their roles in tumorigenesis.
Association of the habitual dietary intake with the fatty liver index and effect modification by metabotypes in the population-based KORA-Fit study
Authors: Schepp M. , Freuer D. , Wawro N. , Peters A. , Heier M. , Teupser D. , Meisinger C. , Linseisen J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging threat for public health with diet being a major risk factor in disease development and progression. However, the effects of habitual food consumption on fatty liver are still inconclusive as well as the proposed role of the individuals’ metabolic profiles. Therefore, the aim of our study is to examine the associations between diet and NAFLD with an emphasis on the influence of specific metabotypes in the general population.

Methods
A total of 689 participants (304 men and 385 women) of the KORA-Fit (S4) survey, a follow-up study of the population-based KORA cohort study running in the Region of Augsburg, Germany, were included in this analysis. Dietary information was derived from repeated 24-h food lists and a food frequency questionnaire. The intake of energy and energy-providing nutrients were calculated using the national food composition database. The presence of fatty liver was quantified by the fatty liver index (FLI), and metabotypes were calculated using K-means clustering. Multivariable linear regression models were used for the analysis of habitual food groups and FLI; for the evaluation of macronutrients, energy substitution models were applied.

Results
A higher consumption of nuts and whole grains, and a better diet quality (according to Alternate Healthy Eating Index and Mediterranean Diet Score) were associated with lower FLI values, while the intake of soft drinks, meat, fish and eggs were associated with a higher FLI. The isocaloric substitution of carbohydrates with polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with a decreased FLI, while substitution with monounsaturated fatty acids and protein showed increased FLI. Statistically significant interactions with the metabotype were observed for most food groups.

Conclusion
The consumption of plant-based food groups, including nuts and whole grains, and diet quality, were associated with lower FLI values, whereas the intake of soft drinks and products of animal origin (meat, fish, eggs) were associated with a higher FLI. The observed statistically significant interactions with the metabotype for most food groups could help to develop targeted prevention strategies on a population-based level if confirmed in independent prospective studies.
Acceptance and commitment therapy adapted for women with infertility: a pilot study of the Infertility ACTion program
Authors: Balsom Ashley A. , Klest Bridget , Sander Bethany , Gordon Jennifer L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Approximately one in six couples are currently infertile, defined as unable to achieve pregnancy despite 12 or more months of active attempts to conceive. Experiencing infertility has been disproportionately associated with an array of psychological difficulties, particularly in women. However, currently available psychological interventions have had minimal benefits for distress, anxiety, or depression related to infertility.

Methods
A one-arm pilot study was conducted to test the acceptability of a newly created acceptance and commitment therapy-based self-guided program—Infertility ACTion. Twenty women, located in Canada, completed the program and completed measures assessing expectancy of improvement, treatment credibility, participant satisfaction, treatment completion and retention, psychological flexibility, fertility quality of life, depression, and anxiety. Participants were also asked to provide feedback on how the researchers could improve the intervention. Paired sample t-tests were conducted to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes.

Results
Sixteen out of 20 participants completed the entire intervention. Reported treatment expectancy, credibility and satisfaction were favorable. Eighty-one percent of participants reported that they would recommend the program to a friend and 88% thought the program was worth their time. Medium increases in psychological flexibility and fertility quality of life were observed. Improvements in anxious and depressive symptoms were in the small to medium range but were not significant. Participants had several recommendations for program improvement.

Conclusions
This acceptance and commitment therapy-based self-guided program proved to be an acceptable treatment for infertility-related distress. Participant feedback will be used to adjust the current intervention in preparation for a more rigorous randomized-controlled trial testing this program.
Online prediction of sustained muscle force from individual motor unit activities using adaptive surface EMG decomposition
Authors: Zhao Haowen , Sun Yong , Wei Chengzhuang , Xia Yuanfei , Zhou Ping , Zhang Xu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDecoding movement intentions from motor unit (MU) activities to represent neural drive information plays a central role in establishing neural interfaces, but there remains a great challenge for obtaining precise MU activities during sustained muscle contractions. In this paper, we presented an online muscle force prediction method driven by individual MU activities that were decomposed from prolonged surface electromyogram (SEMG) signals in real time. In the training stage of the proposed method, a set of separation vectors was initialized for decomposing MU activities. After transferring each decomposed MU activity into a twitch force train according to its action potential waveform, a neural network was designed and trained for predicting muscle force. In the subsequent online stage, a practical double-thread-parallel algorithm was developed. One frontend thread predicted the muscle force in real time utilizing the trained network and the other backend thread simultaneously updated the separation vectors. To assess the performance of the proposed method, SEMG signals were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscles of eight subjects and the contraction force was simultaneously collected. With the update procedure in the backend thread, the force prediction performance of the proposed method was significantly improved in terms of lower root mean square deviation (RMSD) of around 10% and higher fitness (R2) of around 0.90, outperforming two conventional methods. This study provides a promising technique for real-time myoelectric applications in movement control and health.
Investigation of the pressure value while performing biceps tenodesis for superior capsuler reconstruction
Authors: Bilgin Emre , Kilinc Bekir Eray , Arican Cigdem Dicle , Yilmaz Baris 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
To compare the histopathological results of biceps tenodesis (BT) performed with normal, low, and high pressures for superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) in rabbits with massive rotator cuff tears.

Materials and methods
Thirty rabbits were divided into three groups. Rabbits 1–10 underwent SCR with BT at the same pressure (Group 1), value measured in the groove; 50% lower (Group 2); 50% higher (Group 3). After the 4-week follow-up, shoulder were en-bloc excised and histopathological evaluation was performed with modified Bonar’s scale. Results were compared between the groups, statistically.

Results
Extracellular matrix were significantly lower in group 2 compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Cellularity levels were significantly lower in group 2 compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Group 2 had no difference between the sides (p > 0.05). Group 2 had lower vascularity levels compared to the other groups (p = 0.01).

Dicsussion
When the biceps tendon was in the bicipital groove and in a more mobile state with lower pressure exposure. BT performed with a tension that creates less pressure than the biceps in the groove is more successful in SCR.
ROBot-assisted physical training of older patients during acUte hospitaliSaTion—study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (ROBUST)
Authors: Bertelsen Ann Sophia , Masud Tahir , Suetta Charlotte , Rosenbek Minet Lisbeth , Andersen Stig , Lauridsen Jørgen T. , Ryg Jesper 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background

During hospitalisation, older patients spend most of their time passive in bed, which increases the risk of functional decline and negative adverse outcomes. Our aim is to examine the impact of robot-assisted physical training on functional status in older geriatric patients during acute hospitalisation.

Methods
This is a single-centre investigator-blinded placebo-controlled randomised controlled trial including geriatric patients aged ≥ 65 years, able to ambulate before hospitalisation, and with expected length of stay ≥ 2 days. In addition to standard physiotherapy treatment, the intervention group receive active robot-assisted resistance training and the control group passive robot-assisted sham training. Exclusion criteria are as follows: ambulation without assistance at the time of inclusion, known severe dementia, delirium, patients who have received less than three training sessions at discharge, terminal illness, recent major surgery/lower extremity fracture, conditions contradicting the use of training robot, lower extremity metastases, deemed unsuitable for robot-assisted training by a healthcare professional, or weight > 165 kg. The primary outcome is functional status assessed by change in Barthel Index-100 and 30-s chair stand test between inclusion and day of discharge. Secondary outcomes include functional status at 1- and 3-month follow-up, quality of life, depression, concern about falling, falls, cognition, qualitative interviews, need of homecare, discharge destination, readmissions, healthcare costs, sarcopenia, muscle quantity (bioimpedance), and mortality.
Clinical meaningful change of the Barthel Index is 5 points. A recent study in geriatric patients reported a 6.9-point change following exercise. With a significance level of 5%, 80% power, and a drop-out rate of 20%, 244 participants per group (n = 488) are needed to detect the same mean difference. With a significance level of 5%, 80% power, and a drop-out rate of 20%, 74 participants per group (n = 148) are needed to detect a minimum clinical change of 2.6 repetitions for 30-s chair stand test. Recruitment started in January 2023 and is expected to continue for 19 months including follow-up.

Discussion
If our study shows that in-hospital robot-assisted training prevents functional decline in older patients, this may have a major impact on the individual patient due to increased wellbeing and a higher level of independency. In addition, society will benefit due to potential decrease in the need of municipality-delivered homecare following discharge.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05782855. Registration date: March 24, 2023.
Cell fusing agent virus rarely transmits vertically in artificially infected laboratory-colonized Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Nag Dilip K. , Efner Kathryn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Vertical transmission (VT) of arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) can serve as an essential link in the transmission cycle during adverse environmental conditions. The extent of VT among mosquito-borne arboviruses can vary significantly among different virus families and even among different viruses within the same genus. For example, orthobunyaviruses exhibit a higher VT rate than orthoflaviviruses and alphaviruses. Mosquitoes are also the natural hosts of a large number of insect-specific viruses (ISV) that belong to several virus families, including Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Togaviridae. Cell fusing agent virus (CFAV), an insect-specific orthoflavivirus, displays higher VT rates than other dual-host orthoflaviviruses, such as Zika and dengue viruses. High VT rates require establishment of stabilized infections in the germinal tissues of female vectors. To delve deeper into understanding the mechanisms governing these differences in VT rates and the establishment of stabilized infections, the ovary infection patterns and VT of Zika virus (ZIKV) and CFAV were compared.

Methods
Laboratory colonized Aedes aegypti females were infected with either ZIKV or CFAV by intrathoracic injection. Ovary infection patterns were monitored by in situ hybridization using virus-specific probes, and VT was determined by detecting the presence of the virus among the progeny, using a reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.

Results
Both ZIKV and CFAV infect mosquito ovaries after intrathoracic injection. Infections then become widespread following a non-infectious blood meal. VT rates of ZIKV are similar to previously reported results (3.33%). CFAV, on the contrary transmits vertically very rarely. VT was not observed in the first gonotrophic cycle following intrathoracic injection, and only rarely in the second gonotrophic cycle. VT of CFAV is mosquito population independent, since similar results were obtained with Aedes aegypti collected from two different geographic locations.

Conclusions
Although CFAV infects mosquito ovaries, the occurrence of VT remains infrequent in artificially infected Ae. aegypti, despite the observation of high VT rates in field-collected mosquitoes. These results suggest that infections of insect-specific viruses are stabilized in mosquitoes by some as yet unidentified mechanisms.

Graphical Abstract
Targeting histone demethylases JMJD3 and UTX: selenium as a potential therapeutic agent for cervical cancer
Authors: Chen Dezhi , Cai Bo , Zhu Yingying , Ma Yimin , Yu Xiaoting , Xiong Jieqi , Shen Jiaying , Tie Weiwei , Zhang Yisheng , Guo Fei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The intriguing connection between selenium and cancer resembles a captivating puzzle that keeps researchers engaged and curious. While selenium has shown promise in reducing cancer risks through supplementation, its interaction with epigenetics in cervical cancer remains a fascinating yet largely unexplored realm. Unraveling the intricacies of selenium's role and its interaction with epigenetic factors could unlock valuable insights in the battle against this complex disease.

Result
Selenium has shown remarkable inhibitory effects on cervical cancer cells in various ways. In in vitro studies, it effectively inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells, while promoting apoptosis. Selenium also demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer-derived organoids. Furthermore, in an in vivo study, the administration of selenium dioxide solution effectively suppresses the growth of cervical cancer tumors in mice. One of the mechanisms behind selenium's inhibitory effects is its ability to inhibit histone demethylases, specifically JMJD3 and UTX. This inhibition is observed both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, when JMJD3 and UTX are inhibited with GSK-J4, similar biological effects are observed in both in vitro and in vivo models, effectively inhibiting organoid models derived from cervical cancer patients. Inhibiting JMJD3 and UTX also induces G2/M phase arrest, promotes cellular apoptosis, and reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ChIP-qPCR analysis confirms that JMJD3 and UTX inhibition increases the recruitment of a specific histone modification, H3K27me3, to the transcription start sites (TSS) of target genes in cervical cancer cells (HeLa and SiHa cells). Furthermore, the expressions of JMJD3 and UTX are found to be significantly higher in cervical cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal cervical tissues, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the significant inhibitory effects of selenium on the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells, promoting apoptosis and displaying promising potential as a therapeutic agent. We identified the histone demethylases JMJD3 and UTX as specific targets of selenium, and their inhibition replicates the observed effects on cancer cell behavior. These findings suggest that JMJD3 and UTX could be valuable targets for selenium-based treatments of cervical cancer.
Neuroimaging-guided diagnosis of possible FTLD-FUS pathology: a case report
Authors: Mathoux Gregory , Boccalini Cecilia , Lathuliere Aurelien , Scheffler Max , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Garibotto Valentina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This case report presents a patient with progressive memory loss and choreiform movements.

Case presentation
Neuropsychological tests indicated multi-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and neurological examination revealed asymmetrical involuntary hyperkinetic movements. Imaging studies showed severe left-sided atrophy and hypometabolism in the left frontal and temporoparietal cortex. [18F]Flortaucipir PET exhibited moderately increased tracer uptake in hypometabolic areas. The diagnosis initially considered Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal degeneration (FTD), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), cerebral hemiatrophy syndrome, but imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis excluded AD and suggested fused-in-sarcoma-associated FTD (FTLD-FUS), a subtype of the behavioural variant of FTD.

Conclusions
Our case highlights that despite the lack of specific FUS biomarkers the combination of clinical features and neuroimaging biomarkers can guide choosing the most likely differential diagnosis in a complex neurological case. Imaging in particular allowed an accurate measure of the topography and severity of neurodegeneration and the exclusion of AD-related pathology.
Crosstalk between m6A modification and autophagy in cancer
Authors: Chen Tao , Zheng Liying , Luo Peiyue , Zou Jun , Li Wei , Chen Qi , Zou Junrong , Qian Biao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutophagy is a cellular self-degradation process that plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic functions in cells and organisms. Dysfunctional autophagy has been linked to various diseases, including cancer. In cancer, dysregulated autophagy is closely associated with the development of cancer and drug resistance, and it can have both oncogenic and oncostatic effects. Research evidence supports the connection between m6A modification and human diseases, particularly cancer. Abnormalities in m6A modification are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer by regulating the expression of oncogenes and oncostatic genes. There is an interaction between m6A modification and autophagy, both of which play significant roles in cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unclear. m6A modification can either directly inhibit autophagy or promote its initiation, but the complex relationship between m6A modification, autophagy, and cancer remains poorly understood. Therefore, this paper aims to review the dual role of m6A and autophagy in cancer, explore the impact of m6A modification on autophagy regulation, and discuss the crucial role of the m6A modification-autophagy axis in cancer progression and treatment resistance.