bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial investigating an exercise program to prevent reduction of bone mineral density and impairment of motor performance during treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Hartman A. , te Winkel M.L. , van Beek R.D. , de Muinck Keizer‐Schrama S.M.P.F. , Kemper H.C.G. , Hop W.C.J. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink M.M. , Pieters R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundReduced bone mineral density (BMD), altered body composition, impaired motor performance and passive ankle dorsiflexion are side effects of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. We performed a randomized study investigating whether an exercise program could prevent these side effects.ProcedureAt diagnosis we randomized 51 ALL patients (median age: 5.4 years) into a group receiving a 2‐year exercise program or a control group receiving standard care. BMD of total body (BMDTB), lumbar spine (BMDLS) and body composition were measured using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry, motor performance with Bayley Scales of Infant Development or Movement‐ABC, and passive ankle dorsiflexion with a goniometer. The investigator was blinded to the randomization.ResultsBody fat increased equally during treatment in both groups. One year after cessation of therapy more rapid decline of excessive body fat was observed in the intervention group than in the controls (P = 0.01). Lean body mass, BMDTB and BMDLS of both groups decreased equally during treatment and increased equally thereafter. Both groups showed a similar decrease in passive ankle dorsiflexion and motor performance during treatment. Adherence to the intervention program varied considerably. Adherence to intervention: 11% of children exercised daily, 37% > once a week, 16% once weekly, 36% < once a week.ConclusionsThe exercise program was not more beneficial than standard care in preventing reduction in BMD, motor performance and passive ankle dorsiflexion than standard care, most likely due to unsatisfactory compliance. Increased BMI and body fat in the intervention group normalized faster after cessation of chemotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:64–71. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pediatric duodenal cancer and biallelic mismatch repair gene mutations
Authors: Roy Sumita , Raskin Leon , Raymond Victoria M. , Thibodeau Stephen N. , Mody Rajen J. , Gruber Stephen B. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGastrointestinal malignancies are extremely rare in the pediatric population, and duodenal cancers represent an even more unusual entity. Intestinal cancers in young adults and children have been observed to be associated with functional deficiencies of the mismatch repair (MMR) system causing a cancer‐predisposition syndrome. We report the case of a 16‐year‐old female with duodenal adenocarcinoma and past history of medulloblastoma found to have a novel germline bialleleic truncating mutation (c.[949C>T]+[949C>T]) of the PMS2 gene. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:116–120. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Life‐threatening retroperitoneal bleeding due to warfarin–drug interactions
Authors: Chan Thomas Y. K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWarfarin–drug interactioions, which can result in life‐threatening bleeding, are preventable. A 53‐year‐old man was admitted to hospital with exacerbation of chronic obstructive airways disease, cor pulmonale, pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis and acute pulmonary embolism. His pulmonary thromboemobolism was initially treated by low‐molecular‐weight‐heparin and heparin. After a loading dose of 5 mg for 2 days, warfarin was given in a daily dose of 2 mg. On the fifth day of warfarin therapy, the last dose of Enoxaparin was given in the morning. He had a fall in the bathroom with blunt injury to the right flank. He complained of right thigh numbness and increasing pain and swelling over his right flank and abdomen. A tender mass was noted over the right flank. His Hb level dropped to 9.7 g/dl. His INR increased from 2.46 to 3.49–3.71 one day later. On further questioning, he admitted self applications of 20 g of Analgesic balm (50% methyl salicylate) over his right calf for 3 days. CT scan showed a large right retroperitoneal haematoma and right iliacus intramuscular haematoma. Warfarin was withheld. He was given fresh frozen plasma, packed cells and vitamin K1. Inferior vena cava filter was inserted. The haematomas were resolving. He was subsequently discharged to convalescence hospital for continuation of anticoagulant therapy and close monitoring. Significant usage of topical methyl salicylate ointment can potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. The over‐anticoagulation and the presence of platelet dysfunction increase the risk of severe bleeding, which can be provoked by trauma. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational dynamics of poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate)‐α form
Authors: Chaturvedi Deepika , Mishra Soni , Tandon Poonam , Gupta Vishwambhar Dayal , Siesler H.W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPoly(β‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) (CH(CH3)CH2COO)n is a biodegradable polymer and it has various important applications in the biomedical field. In the present communication a comprehensive study of the normal modes and their dispersion in the α form of PHB using Urey Bradley force field is being reported. Optically active frequencies corresponding to zone center and zone boundary are assigned and characteristic features of dispersion curves are discussed. Heat capacity has been calculated via density‐of‐states using Debye relation in the temperature range 10–450 K. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Urethane dimethacrylate oligomers for dental composite matrix: Synthesis and properties
Authors: Buruiana Tinca , Buruiana Emil C. , Melinte Violeta , Colceriu Aurora , Moldovan Marioara 
Published: March 2009

AbstractTwo urethane poly(ethylene oxide) dimethacrylates based on polyether diol of variable length (Mn: 300 and 1000 g/mol), isophorone diisocyanate and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, were synthesized and characterized to be used as comonomers for dental composites. The polymerization process initiated with benzoyl peroxide/amine or camphorquinone/tertiary amine couple was followed by a combination of FTIR spectroscopy and fluorescence technique using a pyrene probe for the in situ monitoring of microscopic changes in the polymeric systems. Difference in the polymerization kinetics of the oligomers and low‐molecular‐weight monomer is presented in connection with the chemical structure of the urethane dimethacrylate, taken together with another partners (bisGMA, TEGDMA, filler) with effect on the mobility and reactivity of the formed polymeric network. The results suggest a higher reactivity of the oligomeric forms and are in agreement with the fluorescence measurements induced of the pyrene molecule, whosemonomer fluorescence emission significantly increased with irradiation time as the network formation occurred. Measurements of the contact angle showed the maintenance of the hydrophilic nature of these resins, while the values of polymerization shrinkage and diametral tensile and compressive strengths of the three specimens indicated that the incorporation of dimethacrylate urethane oligomers in the organic matrix (18 wt%) led to materials with good properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effect of γ‐ray irradiation on morphology and electrical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/graphite composites
Authors: Srivastava Nalin K. , Rattan Sunita , Mehra Ram M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article reports the effect of crosslinking by γ‐ray irradiation on the morphology, electrical properties, and hardness of poly(vinyl chloride)/graphite composite. A comparison of the scanning electron micrographs of the composites, before and after irradiation, showed that the filler particles were broken into pieces and distributed homogenously as a result of irradiation. The data of electrical conductivity versus graphite content was found to be consistent with the percolation model. A significant increase in the conductivity of composite was observed on the crosslinking of the polymer in consequence of irradiation. The data are correlated with the morphological changes. The study of electrical resistivity as a function of temperature revealed that the negative temperature coefficient of resistivity effect is considerably suppressed after irradiation. These results are explained on the basis of morphological changes in the composites after γ‐ray irradiation. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Synthesis and characterization of nano‐sized epoxy oligosiloxanes for fabrication of transparent nano hybrid materials
Authors: Yang Seungcheol , Kim Jeong Hwan , Jin Jung Ho , Bae Byeong‐Soo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNano‐sized epoxy oligosiloxanes (EO) were prepared by condensation reaction between 3‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) and Diphenylsilandiol (DPSD). Through a composition change of GPTS and DPSD, EO of various structure and sizes were obtained. The molecular structure and size of EO synthesized were investigated by experimental measurements. Regardless of their composition, molecular structure of EO was linear or branch. The amount of species of high molecular weight and their molecular size increased with addition of DPSD. We confirmed that epoxy groups of EO were thermally cured using a thermal initiator and curing agent. Finally, we fabricated transparent epoxy‐based hybrimer films by thermal curing of EO resins. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 756–763, 2009
Structure–property relationships in polyamide 6/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites
Authors: Logakis Emmanuel , Pandis Christos , Peoglos Vasilios , Pissis Polycarpos , Stergiou Charalampos , Pionteck Jürgen , Pötschke Petra , Mičušík Matej , Omastová Mária 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPolyamide 6 (PA6)/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) nanocomposites were produced by diluting a masterbach containing 20 wt % nanotubes using melt mixing. The influence of the addition of well dispersed MWCNT (as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)) on the thermal transitions, and crystallization behavior of the PA6 matrix is investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show a reduction in heat capacity jump at the glass transition which is interpreted by an immobilized interfacial layer near the nanotubes. Furthermore, both DSC and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that nanotubes favor the formation of the α crystalline form of PA6. These findings are correlated with the observed improvement of the storage modulus as revealed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Additionally, a new crystallization peak appears when MWCNT are added, and is attributed to the formation of a different morphology of the same type crystallite around the nanotubes walls (trans‐crystallinity). Finally, water sorption measurements show an increase of water content, normalized to the amorphous polymer fraction, in the nanocomposites. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 764–774, 2009
Clinic and radiological improvement of lipoid pneumonia with multiple bronchoalveolar lavages
Authors: Sias Selma M.A. , Daltro Pedro A. , Marchiori Edson , Ferreira Angela S. , Caetano Regina L. , Silva Cleonice S. , Müller Nestor L. , Moreira Jose , Quirico‐Santos Thereza 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the potential role of multiple bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) in the treatment of children with lipoid pneumonia (LP).Materials and MethodsThis prospective study included 10 children (7 female, 3 male) with LP secondary to mineral oil aspiration. The age ranged from 3 months to 7 years and 1–60 days history of mineral oil intake, with a 6 months clinic follow‐up. High‐resolution computer tomography (CT) was performed 1–7 days prior to treatment and 2–20 days after the last therapeutic BAL, and reviewed by two experienced chest radiologists. Oxygen saturation was measured with digital oximetry. Therapeutic BAL was performed weekly until BAL fluid was nearly transparent and the cell count returned to normal range values.ResultsIn all children, the initial CT scans showed multifocal bilateral consolidation involving mainly the dorsal and central regions. The areas of consolidation had foci of decreased attenuation in eight patients. Following a total of 4–10 therapeutic BALs, the CT scans returned to normal in 3 patients, improved considerably in 5, and showed only slight improvement in 2. Oxygen saturation increased from 88.8 ± 3.4% at presentation to 96.2 ± 0.8% after treatment (P < 0.0001). Multiple lavages reduced (P < 0.003) numbers of lipid‐laden macrophages and restored BAL cellularity to normal range values.ConclusionMultiple therapeutic BAL of children with LP results in significant improvement of CT findings, oxygen saturation, restoration of BAL fluid cellularity and clinical recover without any evidence of respiratory distress at the end of treatment and 6 months after the last BAL. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:309–315. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endobronchial ultrasound in pediatric pulmonology
Authors: Steinfort Daniel P. , Wurzel Danielle , Irving Louis B. , Ranganathan Sarath C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEndobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a recently introduced technique that has significantly advanced bronchoscopic techniques in adult medicine. Use of ultrasound allows far more accurate localization and sampling of both peripheral pulmonary, as well as mediastinal and hilar lesions. This has led to greater diagnostic success, with a reduced rate of complications. Its performance characteristics in adult populations are equivalent to surgical procedures previously considered gold standard, but it has dramatically reduced morbidity and mortality among patients requiring invasive diagnostic procedures, when compared to surgical approaches. We describe the types of EBUS in clinical use, the method of use, the clinical indications for each procedure, and the potential role for EBUS in pediatric pulmonology. Radial probe EBUS is used in the investigation of peripheral lung lesions and could be adopted in children to achieve accurate biopsy of such lesions. Linear probe EBUS allows minimally invasive biopsy of mediastinal and hilar lesions. It has potentially greater performance characteristics than current biopsy techniques, with no significant complications reported to date. It may be useful in the diagnosis of lymphoma, or neurogenic tumors, as well as many other diseases resulting in mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy. EBUS is a minimally invasive technique that allows tissue sampling of peripheral lung lesions, or mediastinal/hilar masses, with a high diagnostic accuracy, and a significantly lower morbidity and mortality than alternative approaches. The indications for and the use of EBUS in pediatric patients is certain to increase in the future. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:303–308. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phrenic nerve palsy in children associated with confirmed intrathoracic tuberculosis: Diagnosis and clinical course
Authors: Goussard P. , Gie R.P. , Kling S. , Andronikou S. , Janson J.T. , Roussouw G.J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this descriptive retrospective cases series of eight cases phrenic nerve palsy in children caused by tuberculosis lymph gland infiltration of the phrenic nerve. The lymph gland enlargement was in all cases caused by culture confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The phrenic nerve palsy was on the left side in all eight cases with the presenting feature a raised diaphragm on chest radiography that was accompanied by consolidation of the left upper lobe (88%) The diagnosis of phrenic nerve palsy was confirmed by fluoroscopy of the chest. On computer tomography the outstanding features were left sided hilar and paratracheal lymph gland enlargement with displacement of the mediastinum to the right. Mediastinal displacement lead to anterior displacement of the descending aorta, which further compressed the left main bronchus. Two children had accompanying respiratory failure requiring assisted ventilation and in two additional cases the airway compression was so severe that glandular enucleation of the enlarged glands was indicated. Of the eight children five remained symptomatic after completion of TB treatment to which steroids were added for the initial month. Diaphragmatic plication was indicated in all five cases. On clinical follow‐up two children had repeated respiratory tract infections secondary to underlying lung damage while the other six remained asymptomatic. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:345–350. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sleep associated gas exchange abnormalities in children and adolescents with habitual snoring
Authors: Carno Margaret‐Ann , Modrak Joseph , Short Renee , Ellis Ethan R. , Connolly Heidi V. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractStudy ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of polysomnographically diagnosed OSAS and to describe the severity of sleep associated gas exchange abnormalities (SAGEA) in habitually snoring children. We hypothesized that there would be a high prevalence of OSAS in obese children with habitual snoring and that the most overweight children would have the most significant SAGEA.DesignRetrospective chart review.Measurements and ResultsNocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) data from 114 children and adolescents referred for habitual snoring were examined. 74 of the subjects were male (65%), average age of 9.78 ± 4.19 years, average AHI 13.51 ± 20.25, mean BMI z‐score 1.79 ± 1.18. BMI z‐scores correlated positively with severity of OSAS (P < 0.05) such that children with progressive degrees of obesity had more frequent respiratory events during sleep. Additionally, severity of sleeping hypercapnea as measured by percent of total sleep time with EtCO2 values above 50 mm Hg was more severe with progressive degrees of obesity. Likewise, all measures of oxyhemoglobin desaturation were more severe with progressive degrees of obesity. Positive correlations between the severity of SAGEA and degree of obesity remained even after controlling for the severity of OSAS.ConclusionsOSAS is highly prevalent in children referred to a pediatric sleep center with complaints of habitual snoring across a wide spectrum of weight categories. SAGEA increases with progressive obesity even when controlling for the severity of OSAS suggesting that obesity is an independent risk factor for SAGEA. Furthermore, because obese children frequently have SAGEA, capnography should be obtained during NPSG when possible. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:364–372. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Position and ventilatory response to added dead space in prematurely born infants
Authors: Rao Harish , Saiki Tolulope , Landolfo Francesca , Smith Adam P.R. , Hannam Simon , Rafferty Gerrard F. , Milner Anthony D. , Greenough Anne 
Published: March 2009

AbstractObjectivesPrematurely born infants are at increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) if slept prone.Working HypothesisPrematurely born infants would have an impaired response to an added dead space and lower respiratory muscle strength in the prone compared to the supine position.Study designProspective study.Patient‐Subject SelectionTwenty‐five infants, median gestational age of 30 (range 26–32) weeks.MethodologyThe infants were studied supine and prone at a median of 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Breath by breath minute volume was measured at baseline and after a dead space was incorporated into the breathing circuit; the time constant of the response was calculated. The maximum inspiratory occlusion pressure generated (MIOP) and the pressure generated over the first 100 msec (P0.1) during airway occlusion were assessed.ResultsThe median time constant was longer (26 (range 8–106) sec vs. 22 (range 6–92) sec (P = 0.045)) and the median MIOP (P = 0.001) and P0.1 (P = 0.003) were lower in the prone compared to the supine position.ConclusionPrematurely born infants have a dampened response to tube breathing and reduced respiratory muscle strength in the prone compared to the supine position, which may contribute to their increased vulnerability to SIDS in the prone position. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:387–391. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Macroporous silicon hydrogen diffusion layers for micro‐fuel cells
Authors: Desplobain S. , Gautier G. , Ventura L. , Bouillon P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this study, we have demonstrated the possibility of using macroporous silicon as a hydrogen diffusion layer in integrated micro fuel cells. Macroporous silicon was used to increase an exchange surface between hydrogen and active layers of micro fuel cells. Moreover, electrochemical etching is an interesting alternative to costly Deep Reactive Ion Etching techniques. A maximum density power of 250 mW/cm2 was demonstrated using conventional proton exchange membrane micro fuel cell. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biomolecule size‐dependent sensitivity of porous silicon sensors
Authors: Rong Guoguang , Weiss Sharon M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNanoporous materials hold great potential for improving the performance of biosensors due to their large available surface area and their capability for size‐selective infiltration. One of the principal challenges associated with the use of nanopores is achieving efficient infiltration of molecules whose size is of the same order of magnitude as the pore radius. There is an intrinsic trade‐off between ease of infiltration and level of sensor response for the detection of biomolecules in nanopores. DNA molecules of lengths between approximately 1.5 nm and 5.5 nm have been exposed to porous silicon waveguide sensors with nanopore diameters of approximately 30 nm in order to experimentally determine the size‐dependent sensitivity. While theoretical calculations that do not take into account the infiltration challenges of biomolecules in nanopores suggest that longer DNA molecules yield a stronger sensor response, experimental results show that shorter molecules produce a larger response due to their ease of infiltration. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of Fe 3d states in CuFeS2 by resonant X‐ray emission spectroscopy
Authors: Sato Katsuaki , Harada Yoshihisa , Taguchi Munetaka , Shin Shik , Fujimori Atsushi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractResonant X‐ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) experiments were carried out in a single crystal of chalcopyrite CuFeS2, an antiferromagnetic semiconductor with a golden lustre, to unravel the overlapping d–d and charge‐transfer transitions extending well above the absorption edge, which cannot be observed by conventional optical absorption experiments. The observed RXES spectra have been analyzed by means of cluster‐model calculation with configuration interaction, which leads to the conclusion that CuFeS2 is a Haldane–Anderson insulator with a negative value of charge transfer energy, Δ = –3 eV. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)