bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy and reliability of six commercial COVID-19 diagnostic PCR kits
Authors: Sharafi Parisa , Gokdemir F. Seyma , Akyol Mesut , Ardicoglu-Akisin Yasemin , Gocmen J. Sedef , Taylan-Ozkan Aysegul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
All countries have been deeply affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both economically and in situations that strain health systems, such as workforce and workload. Therefore, various measures should be taken to control the disease and prevent its spread. Since the disease onset, real-time PCR tests have been used as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. Owing to the rapid progress of the pandemic and the spread of the disease, validation, consistency, and optimization tests of some commercial kits have been conducted directly in the field. Therefore, it is important to compare the results of these kits and improve the existing ones.

Methods
We compared five kits (Bioexen, Polgen, Coronex, Diagen, and Anatolia) donated to the TOBB Economics and Technology University Hospital PCR laboratory with the KrosGen kit to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A total of 244 samples were selected and analyzed using five different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR detection kits.

Results
Positive and negative results from the six kits were compared using the working protocols of the kits, primers, and cycle threshold (Ct) values. Five of the six kits have reliable compatibility for Ct<30 but decreases for Ct≥30. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the performance of these kits for reduced viral loads.

Conclusions
Using a suitable kit with high compatibility for Ct≥30 is important for detecting patients with a low viral load and helping prevent disease spread.
Numerical investigation of force over the horizontal jet tab of various sector angle fixed to the convergent-divergent nozzle exit
Authors: Ahmed Asad R. , Subramaniyan Manikandan , Venkataraman Sarann , Thamizhselvan Sri Venkateshwaran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, a CFD computational model has been established to properly simulate complex correctly expanded supersonic flow generated by a three-dimensional C–D nozzle for the purpose of Thrust Vector Control (TVC) simulations. Jet tabs affixed to the perimeter of the nozzle exit are used to achieve thrust vectoring. This study focuses on the estimation of the force on the tabs due to the jet issued from the C–D nozzle using Ansys 19.2 three-dimensional density based solver, implicit formulation with SST K–ω turbulence model. The force is calculated for different tab configurations based on tab sector angles of 60°, 90°& 120° for the designed Mach number and X/D ratio of 0.7. The nozzles with Mach 1.6, Mach 1.8 and Mach 2.0 designed using SolidWorks are compared. It has been observed that with an increase in sector angle, tab force increased by an average of 70 % for sector angle of 60° to 90° and 36 % for sector angle of 90° to 120°.
Developments and Trends in Flow Research Over 40 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yongfa , Wang Fei 
Published: February 2024

Since Dr. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi outlined the foundation of the flow theory in 1975, the study of flow has grown into a massive multi-disciplinary field. This study aimed to employ bibliometric techniques for analyzing the extensive body of literature accumulated in flow research, addressing five research questions: (a) What is flow research’s quantitative status and growth trends? (b) What is the publication pattern of flow research? (c) What are the cornerstone publications in this field? (d) What are the major research themes in this field? (e) What are the promising directions of flow research? A total of 2622 peer-reviewed documents published between 1982 and 2021 were retrieved from Scopus. The results revealed an exponential rise in publications after the new millennium. Researchers of various disciplinary backgrounds across the globe have contributed to the field, and flow theory has been frequently connected with self-determination theory and the technology acceptance model. Eight major themes were identified in the 2622 publications, including three theoretical themes (mechanism, positivity, and health) and five application themes (technology, gaming, sports, creativity, and education). Among these themes, technology and gaming reign supreme. These findings provide a macroscopic overview of the field and guidance for future studies.
Viscoelastic and phototunable GelMA-alginate hydrogels for 3D cell culture
Authors: Tansik Gulistan , Stowers Ryan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study, we developed a biocompatible 3D viscoelastic interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel that can be stiffened (increasing in elastic modulus from ~ 1 to ~ 18 kPa) over time. Our approach utilizes a dual-crosslinking strategy. Ionically crosslinked alginate permits stress relaxation of the gel while radical-mediated photocrosslinking of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) enables dynamic stiffening. We found this technique to be cytocompatible with no significant loss of viability of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (MSC). This hydrogel platform is broadly applicable in 3D cell culture systems to better recapitulate the dynamic and time-dependent mechanics of the in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM).
Graphical Abstract
Adjoint Waveform Tomography for Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of the Middle East and Southwest Asia for Improved Waveform Simulations Using Openly Available Broadband Data
Authors: Rodgers Arthur J. , Krischer Lion , Afanasiev Michael , Boehm Christian , Doody Claire , Simmons Nathan 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a new model of radially anisotropic seismic wavespeeds for the crust and upper mantle of a broad region of the Middle East and Southwest Asia (MESWA) derived from adjoint waveform tomography. The new model enables fully 3D simulations of complete three-component waveforms and provides improved fits that were not possible with previous models. We inverted over 32,000 waveforms from 192 earthquakes recorded by over 1000 openly available broadband seismic stations from permanent and temporary networks in the region with highly uneven coverage. Inversion iterations proceeded from the period band 50–100 s in six stages and 54 total iterations reducing the minimum period to 30 s. Our final model, MESWA, improves waveform fits compared to the starting and other models for both the data used in the inversion and an independent validation set of 66 events. Restitution tests indicate that the model resolves features in the central part of the model to depths of about 150 km. The new model reveals tectonic features imaged by other studies and methods but in a new holistic model of anisotropic shear and compressional wavespeeds (VS and VP, respectively) covering a larger domain with smaller scale length and amplified features. Examples include low crustal VS in the Tethyan belt and low mantle VS following divergent (Gulf of Aden, Red Sea) and transform (Dead Sea fault) margins of the Arabian plate. Low VS is imaged below Cenozoic volcanic centers of the Mecca–Madina–Nafud Line, Arabian Peninsula, and the Türkiye–Iran border region. Elevated VS tracks Makran subduction under southeast Iran with near vertical dip. MESWA could be used as a starting model for further improvements, say, using waveforms from in-country seismic networks that are not currently openly available and/or smaller-scale studies targeting a shorter period. The model could be used to improve earthquake hazard studies and nuclear explosion monitoring.
Fiber Seismic Network on the Moon
Authors: Wu Wenbo , Zhan Zhongwen , Panning Mark , Klesh Andrew 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Internal structures of the Moon are key to understanding the origin and evolution of the Earth–Moon system and other planets. The Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment detected thousands of lunar seismic events and vastly improved our understanding of the Moon’s interior. However, some critical questions like the state and composition of the core remain unsolved largely due to the sparsity of the Apollo seismic stations and the strong scattering of seismic waves in the top layer of the Moon. In this study, we propose the concept of a fiber seismic network on the Moon and discuss its potential in overcoming the challenges in imaging deep Moon structures. As an emerging technique, distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) can provide a cost-efficient solution for large-aperture and dense seismic network deployment in harsh environments. We compute lunar synthetic seismograms and evaluate the performance of DAS arrays of different configurations in retrieving the hidden core reflected seismic phase ScS from the strong scattered waves. We find that, compared to a sparse conventional seismic network, a fiber seismic network using tens of kilometers of cable can dramatically increase the chance of observing clear ScS by array stacking. Our results indicate that DAS could provide new opportunities for the future lunar seismic surveys, but more efforts and further evaluations are required to develop a space-proof DAS.
Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes with Parameter-Tuned K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier
Authors: Assegie Tsehay Admassu , Suresh Tamilarasi , Purushothaman Raguraman , Ganesan Sangeetha , Kumar Napa Komal 
Published: February 2024

Diabetes is one of the quickly spreading chronic diseases causing health complications, such as diabetes retinopathy, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, machine-learning techniques have been widely applied to develop a model for the early prediction of diabetes. Due to its simplicity and generalization capability, K-nearest neighbor (KNN) has been one of the widely employed machine learning techniques for diabetes prediction. Early diabetes prediction has a significant role in managing and preventing complications associated with diabetes, such as retinopathy, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. However, the prediction of diabetes in the early stage has remained challenging due to the accuracy and reliability of the KNN model. Thus, gird search hyperparameter optimization is employed to tune the K values of the KNN model to improve its effectiveness in predicting diabetes. The developed hyperparameter-tuned KNN model was tested on the diabetes dataset collected from the UCI machine learning data repository. The dataset contains 768 instances and 8 features. The study applied Min-max scaling to scale the data before fitting it to the KNN model. The result revealed KNN model performance improves when the hyperparameter is tuned. With hyperparameter tuning, the accuracy of KNN improves by 5.29% accuracy achieving 82.5% overall accuracy for predicting diabetes in the early stage. Therefore, the developed KNN model applied to clinical decision-making in predicting diabetes at an early stage. The early identification of diabetes could aid in early intervention, personalized treatment plans, or reducing healthcare costs reducing associated risks such as retinopathy, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease.
Comparison of risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage among normal versus cesarean delivery cases at a secondary care center in Naogaon
Authors: Banu M. Dilraj , Jikria Najmatun , Naim Jannatun , Ahmed Ashiq , Rabbani Mokaddes 
Published: February 2024

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) involves excessive blood loss of 500 mL or more after vaginal delivery (NVD) or 1,000 mL or more after cesarean section within 24 hours postpartum. PPH significantly contributes to maternal mortality worldwide. Understanding the diverse effects of distinct risk factors is essential for effective mitigation. This study aimed to compare the risk factors of PPH among normal versus cesarean delivery (CD) cases at 250 bed modernized general hospital.
Methods: Conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, 250 bed modernized general hospital, Naogaon, Bangladesh, this prospective study investigated PPH in 100 women from 01 July, 2022 to 30 June, 2023. Participants were divided into two equal groups in number: Group A (normal vaginal delivery) and group B (caesarean-section delivery). Data collection and analysis were performed using MS office.
Results: In terms of risk factors, group A saw 4% maternal ages <19 and >40, while group B had 4% and 8% respectively. Artificial reproductive technique use was 2% in group A and 4% in group B. Weight gain >15.0 kg during pregnancy was 8% in group A and notably higher at 20% in group B. Gestational age <36 weeks affected 14% in group A and 8% in group B.
Conclusions: In normal vaginal deliveries, maternal age <19 years, gestational age <36 weeks, labor induction/augmentation by oxytocin and neonatal birth weight <2499 gm are prominent risk factors. For cesarean-section deliveries, maternal age >40, weight gain >15.0 kg, pre-eclampsia, and neonatal birth weight >3500 gm also pose significant risks.
Are we really decreasing maternal mortality rate or we are just pushing mothers to late maternal deaths?
Authors: Arora Aashima , Jain Vanita , Sikka Pooja , Singh Aruna 
Published: February 2024

Maternal mortality remains a global concern, and India has made substantial strides in reducing maternal mortality rates (MMR) by about 70%, from 398 /lakh live births in 1997-98 to 99 /lakh live births in 2020. However, it is recognized that maternal mortality represents only tip of iceberg. For every woman who dies, many more survive with severe morbidities, and their long-term outcomes often go unrecorded. Therefore, to truly evaluate maternal health services, it is essential to analyze the long-term outcomes of women discharged with morbidities resulting from complications of pregnancy and childbirth, known as maternal near-miss cases.
Kewenangan Dan Keabsahan Talak Dalam Fiqh Kontemporer Perspektif Qasim Amin Dan Jamal Al-Banna
Authors: Yaqub Asfan 
Published: February 2024

Pandangan budaya patriarki yang menganggap perempuan sebagai pilihan kedua masih sangat berpengaruh. Lebih buruk lagi, semua ini dianggap sebagai hasil dari ajaran Islam. Oleh karena itu, muncullah Qasim Amin dan Jamal al-Banna sebagai tokoh-tokoh yang berjuang untuk memberdayakan dan membebaskan perempuan. Asumsinya bahwa Islam akan terlihat lebih baik jika perempuan dapat bersaing, dan berkontribusi dalam berbagai bidang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan komparatif dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari berbagai literatur bahan penelitian yang menunjukan bahwa, (1) Qasim Amin tidak setuju jika hak cerai hanya dimiliki laki-laki. Sama halnya dengan memilih jodoh, dalam hal cerai wanita juga memiliki hak yang sama dengan laki-laki. Sehingga, keabsahan talak menurutnya, apabila perceraian itu diajukan ke pengadilan dan diputuskan oleh hakim. Sedangkan menurut Jamal Al-Banna, pernikahan merupakan bentuk perjanjian layaknya akad jual beli. Maka dari itu, jika salah satu dari keduanya tidak menyetujui untuk bercerai, perceraian semacam ini tidak dinyatakan sah. (2) Kontribusi pemikiran Qasim Amin tentang talak dengan mengajukan lima langkah sebelum perceraian terjadi, telah menjadi dasar dalam pembentukan peraturan hukum keluarga. Sedangkan pemikiran Jamal al-Banna tidak secara langsung memengaruhi praktik hukum talak di Indonesia tetapi dapat membantu dalam membentuk pandangan yang lebih bijaksana dan adil tentang hukum talak.
The Chemical Characterization of the Pneumococcal Transforming Principle
Authors: Greenspan Neil S. 
Published: February 2024

The editors of Pathogens and Immunity are commemorating this month, the 80th anniversary of the publication of the landmark article by Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty in the Journal of Experimental Medicine on February 1, 1944 [1]. The study by Avery et al determined with extraordinary rigor the chemical nature of the so-called transforming principle inferred to exist by Frederick Griffith based on experiments he published in 1928.
ANÁLISE DOS CASOS CONFIRMADOS POR NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DOS OSSOS E CARTILAGEM NO BRASIL DE 2018 A 2023
Authors: Rinaldi da Cruz Guilherme , Goes Mota Jorge Henrique , Chaveiro Arantes Lucas , Rangearo Peres Carlos Alberto 
Published: February 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer ósseo é caracterizado pelo crescimento anormal das células dos ossos, sendo esse processo conhecido como neoplasia. As causas podem estar relacionadas a poucas doenças hereditárias e à características próprias de cada paciente. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar a epidemiologia das neoplasias ósseas malignas e cartilaginosas (NMOC) no Brasil, com ênfase na sua incidência e mortalidade entre 2018 e 2023. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados referentes ao período entre 2018 até 2023, no Brasil, disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH). RESULTADOS: Em 5 anos de análise constatou-se um total 70.322 casos confirmados por neoplasia maligna óssea e cartilaginosa, sendo o Sudeste a região com mais notificações. O grupo mais acometido foi o de jovens de 15 a 19 anos sendo homens o sexo com mais casos. A taxa de mortalidade pela neoplasia foi de 5,06 (por mil habitantes). CONCLUSÃO: Os achados deste estudo enfatizam a complexidade do diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento das NMOC no Brasil. Sendo assim, é fundamental explorar estratégias para otimizar a detecção precoce e o tratamento em todas as regiões do Brasil.
Palavras – chave: NEOPLASIA. MALIGNIDADE. CARTILAGEM. OSSOS
CARACTERIZAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS: ANÁLISE DE 2018 A 2022.
Authors: Santana Medeiros Fabrício , Barreira de Araújo João Victor , Oliveira Silva Júnior Jomário , Aires Godinho Isadora , Alves Borges de Carvalho Arthur 
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma condição crônica resultante do enfraquecimento do coração, comprometendo o bombeamento adequado de sangue para o corpo. A IC é prevalente, afetando 1-3% da população adulta, com maior incidência em idosos. Objetivos: Essa análise epidemiológica teve como objetivo investigar e entender as particularidades da ocorrência de Insuficiência Cardíaca no Estado do Tocantins no período de 2018 a 2022. Metodologia: Este estudo utiliza uma abordagem epidemiológica descritiva, empregando dados do DATASUS para examinar a incidência da insuficiência cardíaca no Estado do Tocantins de 2018 a 2022. Além disso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a insuficiência cardíaca em nível nacional e global, utilizando plataformas como MEDLINE/PUBMED, SciELO Brasil e Portal de Periódicos CAPES. Resultados: Entre 2018 e 2022, o Tocantins registrou 4.980 internações por Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC), com 2022 apresentando o maior número (1.083) e 2021 o menor (992). Araguaína liderou com 1.234 casos, seguida por Porto Nacional (898) e Palmas (651). A IC afetou mais homens (3.032 casos) do que mulheres (1.948). A faixa etária mais impactada foi de 70 a 79 anos (1.403 casos), e a de 80 anos ou mais teve 1.297 casos. Houve 545 óbitos, com 2022 registrando o maior número (148) e 2021 o menor (81). A taxa de mortalidade média foi de 10,94, destacando a gravidade da IC no estado. Conclusão: Destaca-se a urgência de medidas abrangentes para lidar com o aumento da incidência de Insuficiência Cardíaca no Tocantins, com foco especial na população idosa e nas particularidades regionais.
Palavras-chave: Insuficiência Cardíaca; Epidemiologia; Descompensação Cardíaca.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO TRAUMATISMO CRANIOENCEFÁLICO POR REGIÃO DE SAÚDE NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS ENTRE 2019 E 2022
Authors: Medeiros de Melo Rycharles Rudson , De Lima Henriques da Silva Elisa , Ramalho Nascimento Arthur , Leite Marcula Maria Eduarda , De Souza Barbosa Leite Maria Júlia , Nader Ferreira Pedro Eduardo 
Published: February 2024

Introdução: O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é uma lesão causada por forças externas que podem prejudicar a anatomia ou o funcionamento do crânio e do cérebro, sendo uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade em todo o mundo. Objetivo: Analisar e interpretar as particularidades do traumatismo cranioencefálico por região de saúde no Estado do Tocantins entre 2019 e 2022. Metodologia Este estudo de natureza epidemiológica descritiva, utilizou dados do DATASUS para analisar casos de hospitalizações e óbitos por traumatismo cranioencefálico no Tocantins entre 2019 e 2022. Resultados: O Tocantins possui duas macrorregiões de saúde, Norte e Centro Sul, subdivididas em Regiões de Saúde, como Capim Dourado e Médio Norte Araguaia. Entre 2019 e 2022, ocorreram 3.537 hospitalizações por TCE, destacando-se as regiões Médio Norte Araguaia e Capim Dourado. O ano de 2021 registrou o maior número de internações (921 casos), sendo 78,5% no sexo masculino e a faixa etária mais afetada foi de 20 a 29 anos. Houve 339 óbitos, com Capim Dourado liderando (161 óbitos). A taxa de mortalidade mais alta foi em 2021, com média de 9,58 ao longo de quatro anos. Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico do TCE em adultos jovens do sexo masculino no Tocantins revela uma correlação significativa com a maior suscetibilidade a acidentes, atribuída à imprudência dessa população. Esses jovens lideram em internações e óbitos por TCE, destacando a urgência de medidas específicas para lidar com essa situação.
Palavras-chave: Traumatismos Craniocerebrais. Epidemiologia. Lesões da Cabeça.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS ACIDENTES POR ANIMAIS PEÇONHENTOS, COM FOCO EM ESCORPIÔNICOS, NO TOCANTINS NO PERÍODO DE 2018 A 2022
Authors: Carvalho Pires Carla Vitória , Da Silva Sousa Jakeline , Ataíde de Souza Bárbara Letícia , Carvalho Mendes Luis Miguel , Rocha Lopes Francícero 
Published: February 2024

Introdução: Os acidentes causados por escorpiões representam um desafio para a saúde pública em várias regiões do mundo, principalmente quando se trata do estado do Tocantins. O encontro entre seres humanos e os escorpiões resulta não apenas em uma preocupação, mas também em consequências clínicas que variam de leves a potencialmente fatais. No Tocantins, a incidência de acidentes por picadas de escorpiões é uma preocupação crescente, exigindo uma análise detalhada para compreender não apenas a extensão do problema, mas também os fatores que influenciam a frequência e a gravidade desses incidentes. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, de caráter quantitativo e retrospectivo, pautado em dados secundários, extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN. Resultados: O ano de 2019 se destacou como o de maior número de notificações de picada de escorpião, com 1.951 casos registrados. Neste ano citado, a maioria dos casos tiveram classificação final leve, com 1.625 (83,29%), como também 995 (51%) dos eventos deste ano possuíram atendimento em menos de uma hora após a picada e 1.541 (78,98%) evoluíram para a cura. A cidade de maior notificação de casos em 2019 foi Palmas com 359 (18,4%) notificações. No ano de 2021 também tivemos prevalência de casos leves, quando comparado ao ano de 2019, com 1.346 ocorrências (80,35%). Conclusão: A identificação das áreas com maior incidência e a compreensão das variações temporais podem direcionar políticas de prevenção mais eficazes, investimentos direcionados para reduzir o tempo de resposta em regiões com atendimento mais demorado podem ser cruciais para melhorar os desfechos dos casos, educação pública sobre medidas preventivas, identificação de escorpiões e procedimentos após picadas pode ajudar a reduzir a incidência e a minimizar os efeitos dos acidentes.
Palavras-chave: Acidentes; Animais Venenosos; Escorpiões; Epidemiologia.