bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental treatment needs and demands of an elderly population in England
Authors: Smith Joyce M. , Sheiham Aubrey 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA sociodental investigation was conducted among 254 elderly people living at home in Nottingham. A clinical assessment was made of the subjects' dental treatment needs and this was compared with the subjects' felt and expressed needs. Seventy‐eight percent of the sample were clinically judged as needing denial treatment, mainly some form of prosthetic treatment. There was, however, a wide discrepancy between the normative and perceived needs of this elderly population. Only 42% of those who were clinically assessed as needing treatment felt that they required it and only 19% had actually tried to obtain it. Many of the elderly mentioned a number of barriers to obtaining dental care; these included the cost of treatment, fear of the dentist, immobility and the feeling that they should not “bother” the dentist.
Relation of traumatized permanent anterior teeth to occlusion and lip condition
Authors: Ghose Leonora J. , Baghdady Virgin S. , Enke Helmut 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA comparative epidemiologic study on traumatized permanent anterior teeth was conducted on 6090 Iraqi and 3507 Sudanese primary schoolchildren. A significant relationship was found between the severity of trauma to protrusion of maxillary incisors and amount of lip coverage in Iraqis and a similar tendency was observed for the Sudanese. In a comparison between the two population groups the frequency of traumatized permanent maxillary incisors with greater tooth loss (types 3 + 4) were significantly higher in Iraqi than in Sudanese children with protrusion and inadequate lip coverage.
Stability of fluoride levels in surface layer of normal enamel during a 21‐month fluoride mouthrinsing program
Authors: Pearce Euan I. F. , Craig Eric W. , Suckling Grace W. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA 21‐month trial of the caries‐preventive effect of a 0.2% NaF mouthrinse included monitoring changes in the concentration of F in normal enamel. Subsamples of 25 children were randomly selected from groups receiving either normal dental treatment (Control group); additional fortnightly professional prophylaxes (Test group); or prophylaxes plus fortnightly 2‐min fluoride rinses (Test + F group). At the start of the trial the sound labial surface of tooth 24 (occasionally 23 or 22) was etched with 2 N HCL and the etchant analysed for F, Ca and phosphate. The contralateral tooth was sampled at the end of the trial. The caries increments (DFS) for the three groups over 21 months were Control, 2.88; Test, 2.51 and Test + F, 1.77, the last being significantly less than the others (P<0.05). The average sound enamel surface F concentrations were similar for the three groups at the start and the end of the trial. F parameter calculations showed that all differences were non‐significant. Thus this factor could not explain the reduced caries increment due to F mouthrinsing. F biopsies for the purpose of predicting likely‐clinical effectiveness of neutral 0.2% NaF mouthrinsing will find little application in public health dentistry.
Three factors predicting irregular versus regular dental attendance: A model fitting to empirical data
Authors: Schuurs Albert H. B. , Duivenvoorden Huco J. , Thodenvan Velzen Sijo K. , Verhage Frans 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA tentative theory, based upon the results of a survey that was performed in an urbanized village in the Netherlands, and proposing that the (ir) regularity of dental attendance is predicted by 1) dental anxiety, 2) the family dental health pattern and 3) the preference for preservation of the teeth, has been explored with loglinear models (logit approach). It has been shown that dental anxiety in combination with preference for preservation of the teeth is significantly associated with the (ir)regularity, but the family dental health pattern has a modifying effect. The probabilities of being an irregular dental attender were estimated for the levels discernible in the two predictor variables and with the odds of irregular dental attendance corresponding 95% confidence intervals were approximated. The results were discussed and it seems warranted to conclude that (ir) regular dental attendance dependent on the levels of the variables, mentioned above, is predicted more or less accurately. A further exploration of the theory and the variables involved seems worthwhile.
Measurement of plaque growth following toothbrushing
Authors: Stean H. , Forward G.C. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA method measuring plaque by area has been developed which can be used to evaluate the antiplaque effect of agents such as dentifrices when used in combination with toothbrushing. The extent of disclosed plaque 24 hours after treatment on tooth surfaces previously cleaned of all observable plaque was drawn by the examiner onto accurate enlarged scale drawings of the outline of the labial surfaces of all incisors, canines, premolars and 1st molars. Areas were then measured by an electronically recording planimeter. Three separate blind crossover trials were performed using this plaque area measurement in which a minimum of 15 subjects brushed normally on one occasion only, with either a calcium carbonate dentifrice or water. Compared with when subjects brushed with water, a statistically significant reduction of 45%‐52% in plaque was observed in subjects 24 hours after brushing with the dentifrice in each of the three trials. In a study with 27 subjects, the periodontal condition of the papillae was found to be related to plaque present on labial surfaces on adjacent teeth as measured by this method. The teeth adjacent to papillae which bled on probing had 77% greater plaque area than teeth adjacent to papillae which did not bleed. Plaque area measured by this method on a continuous scale has a sensitivity advantage over the commonly used four‐point plaque indices, especially when comparing effective antiplaque treatments or combination of treatments.
Accessibility of Norwegian dental services according to family income from 1977 to 1989
Authors: Grytten Jostein 
Published: May 2006

AbstractDuring the last 10–20 yr there has been a marked increase in demand for dental services in most western countries. An important issue is how this increase in demand has influenced inequalities in use of services among different income groups in the population. It is of particular interest to study this in Norway, as almost all the costs for dental care among adults are borne by the patient. The aim of the present study was to examine how the effect of family income on demand for dental services has changed over time. The analyses were performed on three sets of national data from 1977, 1983 and 1989. The samples were representative of the non‐institutionalized Norwegian population aged 20 yr and above. Inequalities in use of dental services among different income groups have decreased between 1977 and 1989. However, separate analyses on the data from 19S9 showed that some inequalities still exist. A non‐selective subsidizing policy for dental care is unlikely to have any great effect in reducing these inequalities. Subsidized dental care is likely to raise the total amount of dental care demanded. However, it is difficult to assess accurately the size of this increase as the elasticity of demand for dental care in Norway with respect to price is unknown.
Reasons preventing regular dental care
Authors: Syrjälä Anna‐Maija H. , Knuuttila Matti L. E. , Syrjätä Leena K. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aim was to determine what reasons restrict people's daily cleaning of their teeth and yearly attendance for a dental check‐up, using as a theoretical background the ideas of Eichholz & Rogers on the rejection of innovation. The series consisted of young and middle‐aged persons, 207 women and 183 men, who filled in a questionnaire on the above topics. The questions were phrased so as to cover different reasons for rejecting innovations. Factors analysis revealed the following factors: reasons preventing daily brushing, practical reasons, unpleasant experiences of dental care, laziness, and lack of appreciation. The reliability of the questionnaire was found to be good. Sex showed a significant correlation with reasons preventing daily brushing. Those for whom a long lime had elapsed since the last visit to a dentist had more barriers relating to daily brushing, unpleasant experiences and laziness. The more educated the participants were, the fewer barriers they had in relation to the factors appreciation, unpleasant experiences, and daily brushing.
Multifactorial modeling for root caries prediction
Authors: Scheinin Arje , Pienihäkkinen Kaisu , Tiekso Jaakko , Holmberg Stig 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe study was pan of a series of investigations aiming at the development of diagnostic caries tests for screening of risk subjects. The material consisted of 100 adult subjects (x̄ 62 yr. range 47–79 yr), 50 of these under chronic medication. The series of tests included two chair side registrations, i.e. incipient demineralization of exposed root surfaces without cavitation (RD I) and quantitation of possible plaque (VPT%). three microbiological tests for mutatis streptococci, lactobacilli. and Candida/yeasts and three tests on stimulated saliva, i.e. secretion rate, buffering capacity and sucrase activity. A thorough clinical examination was conducted at the baseline and 1‐yr registration phases, caries being registered at a tooth surface level according to WHO recommendations separately for coronal and root caries. Considerably more root caries than coronal caries developed during the observation period. For coronal caries increment, the predictive value of any of the tests was not significant. For root caries, however, the association between several tests and prospective caries increment was significant. Subsequent multifactorial modeling yielded the highest predictive value to the combination of Past Root Caries Experience (OR 25.0. Visible Plaque (OR 4.2). Candida (OR 8.0) and lactobacilli (OR 5.8). A positive finding of Past Root Caries (RDFS) or the combination of the other three tests (Can. LB. VPT%) as criteria for selection in screening for root caries produced good accuracy (84.0) and a relative risk of 5.5.
An epidemiological study of temporomandibular disorders in university students of Taiwan
Authors: Shiau Yuh‐Yuan , Chang Chueh 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA total of 2033 university students were surveyed for the prevalence of TMD in Taiwan. It was found that 42.9% of the students had one or more signs related to TMD. and females were slightly more frequently found. Clicking of the joint was the most common sign. Occlusal factors such as balancing contact, dental restoration, molar guidance in eccentric movement, etc., were more often found in the TMD group. Scores on stress, general anxiety, emotion and anger were higher in the TMD group while tension, ambition, depression, competition and test anxiety were not as significant. Although the prevalence of TMD in this population is high, the severity and treatment demands are low.
Progression of proximal caries in primary teeth in relation to radiographic scoring codes
Authors: Solanki Geetesh C. , Sheiham Aubrey 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe posterior bitewing radiographs of 50 children From a Duraphat clinical trial were re‐examined to compare the information provided on progression of caries of two scoring systems, that of Murray & Majid (1) and that of Pitts (2). Pitts’scoring system (Method 1), by recording the disease process at an earlier stage, and by avoiding the unnecessary loss of data. provided a more complete overall picture of the carious process than the scoring system used by Murray & Majid (Method 2). The progression rates were found to be significantly faster with Method 2 (P<0.05). With Method 1, a mean of 60% of enamel lesions per subject had remained confined to enamel 12 months later, the corresponding figure for Method 2 was 37%. Method 2, by excluding outer enamel lesions and overlapped surfaces, introduces biases which favour overestimating the proportion of lesions deemed to have progressed. The diagnostic criteria used by Murray & Majid lead to an overestimation of the rate of progression of caries in primary teeth.
Intrinsic motivation in dental care
Authors: Syrjälä Anna‐Maija H. , Knuuttila Matti L. E. , Syrjälä Leena K. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop a method based on the idea of intrinsic motivation for analyzing motivation problems in dental care. A questionnaire dealing with intrinsic motivation was filled in by 207 women and 183 men. Factor analysis of the scale revealed the following dimensions of internal‐external motivation: independence, responsibility, vs. non‐independence, interest in preserving one's own teeth as long as possible vs. preference for tooth extraction, satisfaction from brushing teeth vs. brushing for others’sake, and critical evaluation of diet vs. improper diet with carbohydrates. The reliability of the questionnaire was good (standardized item alpha 0.69). The individual's own sense of independence and responsibility and the idea of preserving one's own teeth for as long as possible were found to be more important for die women than for the men. A longer education was also found to be related to preserving one's own teeth as long as possible. The time of the last dental visit was positively related to independence, responsibility and the far‐reaching idea of preserving one's own teeth. It can be concluded that aspects of intrinsic motivation can give additional information when trying to understand dental health behavior.
Dental caries and its determinants among recent immigrants from rural Ethiopia
Authors: Sgan‐Cohen Harold D. , Steinberg Doron , Zusman Shlomo P. , Sela Michael N. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractAdults (35–45 yr old) and children (5 and 12 yr old) recently arrived in Israel from rural areas in Ethiopia were examined. Caries levels were low: e.g. DMFT = 0.31 among 12‐yr‐olds olds, and 1.27 amongst adults. The 5‐yr‐olds were 86.8% caries‐free, while 12‐yr‐olds were 81.8% and adults 54% caries‐Tree respectively. According to interview data, the diet in Ethiopia had been based on local agricultural products and was almost sugar‐free. The mean total count of salivary bacteria, as determined on blood agar, was 3.4 × 108; mean count of Streptococcus viridans. on mitis salivarius, was 6.7 × 107; and mean count of S. mutans. as determined on mitis salivarius with bacitracin, was 1.7 × 107. These levels were all high and were not significantly different from a control group of 20 Israelis. The mean number of lactobacilli, on Rogosa agar, was 2.75 × 104, which was significantly higher than among the controls (3.6 × 103). Salivary pH levels were generally similar between the Ethiopian group and the controls. Salivary How was significantly higher for the Ethiopians (1.93 ml/min) than for controls (1.16 ml/min). Low levels of caries in this population can be attributed to an almost sugar‐free diet and high salivary flow, but not to the composition of oral microflora.
Development of a Dutch version of the Dental Visit Satisfaction Scale
Authors: Stouthard M. E. A. , Hartman C. A. , Hoogstraten Joh. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractA Dutch version of the Dental Visit Satisfaction Scale has been developed. The DVSS consists of 10 items, measuring three aspects of patient satisfaction with the dentist. Hem and scale characteristics of the Dutch version and the English version compared rather well. Likewise, the factor structure of the Dutch and the English version of the DVSS was very similar. A suggestion for modification of the DVSS was made.
Determining optimal levels of fluoride in drinking water for hot, dry climates ‐a case study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Warnakulasuriya K. A. A. S. , Balasuriya S. , Perera P. A. J. , Peiris L. C. L. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe prevalence of dental caries and dental fluorosis was examined in 380 14‐yr‐ofd children living in four geographic areas of Sri Lanka with water F levels of 0.09‐8.O ppm. A reduction in caries prevalence by 43% was recorded in children consuming 0.6 0.79 ppm F compared to those in tow fluoride areas (<0.4 ppm). Among those consuming drinking water containing < 1.0 ppm F however, 32% of the children had mild forms and 9% severe forms of dental fluorosis (Dean's index). Although other sources of F may contribute to this effect, the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis seen in tow fluoride areas was confirmed to be high in rural Sri Lanka. Our data are comparable with recent findings from other tropical countries, e.g. Kenya and Senegal, and reaffirm that WHO guidelines for the upper limit of F in drinking water may be unsuitable for developing countries with a hot, dry climate. Current knowledge now enables us to recommend 0.8 ppm as an appropriate upper limit for F in drinking water supplies for these populations.
Oral self‐care behaviours in older dentate adults
Authors: Payne Barbara J. , Locker David 
Published: May 2006

AbstractDefining oral self‐care as activities undertaken by individuals to maintain or promote dental health, this paper examines the distribution of oral self‐cure behaviours in a sample of dentate adults, age 50 and over, living in Ontario, Canada (n= 713). Results are presented separately for two older cohorts, respondents ages 50–64 and those 65 and older, and for females and males. Six oral self‐care behaviours were examined: toothbrushing, flossing, use of an interdental device, extra fluoride use, frequency of between meal snacks and ingestion of cariogenic foods. High males of self‐care occurred only for tooth brushing. Age groups differed significantly for use of interdental devices, consumption of cariogenic foods and snacking between meals while gender differences were found for tooth brushing, flossing and consuming sweet foods. The need to target older adults and especially older males for oral hygiene information and instruction in order to counteract possible misleading beliefs learned before the advent of current Dental hygiene practices is apparent from these data.
Variation in restorative treatment decisions: application of Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) analysis
Authors: Kay Elizabeth Jane , Knill‐Jones Robin 
Published: May 2006

AbstractIt has been evident for many years that dentists, when planning treatment for patients, do not act in a standard manner, and previous research has shown there to be wide variations in treatment planning amongst groups of dentists. Signal detection theory and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis allows measurement of an observer's ability to detect a lesion, while at the same time allowing examination of how a lesion, once perceived, is judged to be in need of treatment. An ROC curve is constructed by plotting the sensitivity (or true positive rate) of decisions made, against the false positive rate (equivalent to 1‐specificity) when various decision attitudes, from interventionist to non‐interventionist, are held. Fifteen pairs of simulated bitewing radiographs were shown to 20 dentists, who were asked to specify, for each approximal lesion, whether or not they would place a conventional restoration. The 7200 decisions made by the dentists were validated by sectioning and microscopically examining the teeth. The mean sensitivity of the dentists' decisions, when the strictest operating thresholds were held and caries into dentine was the validating criterion, was 0.26 and the mean specificity was 0.96. ROC analysis shows that when operating at the strictest threshold, the dentists were implying that specificity was weighted as being 2.7 times more important than sensitivity. ROC analysis leads to insight into how dentists differentially weight the true and false, positive and negative, outcomes of their decisions and thus allows explanation of why two dentists would rarely make exactly the same treatment plan for one patient, and also why different treatments might be offered to two patients exhibiting the same levels of disease.
Extending recall intervals ‐effect on resource consumption and dental health
Authors: Wang Nina , Marstrander Peter , Holst Dorthe , Øvrum Lelf , Dahle Torill 
Published: May 2006

AbstractThe dental health of children has improved in recent years. This has stimulated more flexible planning and implementation of public dental care programs. The aim of the study was to compare lime required for dental care and changes in dental health over a 2‐yr period for patients examined and treated every 12 months and patients examined and treated every 24 months. The material comprised 185 children aged 3, 16 and 18 yr. Children with high caries prevalence were not included in the material. Time used for examination and treatment and dental health parameters were recorded. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. Mean time used for examinations and mean total time used by the dental health service over the 2‐yr period were significantly less for patients examined every 24 months than for patients examined every 12 months, while the treatment times did not differ between the groups. The longer recall interval was associated with greater DMFS increment but this was not statistically significant. The study indicates that the dental health service in Norway could save resources, i.e. increase the productivity in the short term by extending the intervals between examinations.
Evaluation of appropriate use of dietary fluoride supplements in the US
Authors: Szpunar Susan M. , Burt Brian A. 
Published: May 2006

AbstractRecent epidemiologic and related evidence suggests the following trends: 1. the prevalence of caries continues to decline in children of the US and several other developed countries; 2. the prevalence of mild dental fluorosis is increasing: 3. the majority of the cariostatic effects of fluoride are topical; and 4. dietary fluoride supplements are a risk factor for dental fluorosis. These trends, and the scientific evidence on fluoride and fluorosis, suggest that it is time ro re‐evaluate the use of dietary fluoride supplements. This paper examines the evidence for each of the four trends and the use of fluoride supplements in caries prevention today.