bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IgE antibody levels to ingested soya protein determined in a normal adult population
Authors: GOODWIN B. F. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryLevels of soya protein‐specific IgE were measured in a normal adult population (seventy‐four males, fifteen females) who ingested soya‐containing and control diets during two 4‐week periods. Increases in soya‐specific IgE were observed for some individuals following ingestion of the soya‐containing diet, and for the female group the increase in soya‐specific IgE was statistically significant (P= 0·02). The increase of soya‐specific IgE was small and led to lower levels than that associated with adverse effects. The increase in soya‐specific IgE in the female group was accompanied by a significant increase (P= 0·02) in total immunoglobulin A. Changes in the level of soya‐specific haemagglutinating antibody, soya‐specific IgG, IgA and IgM as measured by ELISA and the immunoconglutinin titre could not be related to ingestion of the soya‐containing diet.
Transient bradycardia during vespid venom immunotherapy
Authors: LYANGA J. J. , McPHILLIPS‐FEENER S. , WARRINGTON R. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA woman developed generalized symptoms of hypersensitivity when she was stung requiring treatment with adrenalin.Intradermal venom skin tests showed immediate hypersensitivity to yellow hornet and white‐faced hornet thus fulfilling the criteria to receive appropriate venom immunotherapy.During the course of modified rush immunotherapy with yellow hornet and white‐faced hornet venoms, she developed transient but progressive bradycardia necessitating interruption of the venom immunotherapy. Transient bradycardia recurred when venom immunotherapy was resumed but it was possible to reach a maintenance dose of 100 mg protein for each venom.Bradycardia has been reported to be induced in experimental animals by oriental hornet venom as well as other venoms, through a direct cholinergic action. It appears that a similar effect may occur in man in susceptible individuals during venom immunotherapy.
Efficacy and safety of concurrent use of intranasal flunisolide and oral beclomethasone aerosols in treatment of asthmatics with rhinitis
Authors: TOOGOOD J. H. , JENNINGS BARBARA , CREPEA S. B. , JOHNSON J. D. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySteroid‐dependent, chronic asthmatic patients with severe rhinitis or nasal polyps are often candidates for treatment with intranasal topical corticosteroids, such as flunisolide. The possibility of additive adrenal suppression, when flunisolide, beclomethasone and prednisone are given together, has not previously been studied. The need to assess this risk is suggested by reports of additive adrenal suppression when aerosol and oral steroids are used together to treat asthma, and by the demonstrably higher systemic availability of aerosol steroid given intranasally rather than via the lung. We performed a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover assessment of the efficacy and safety of 3 weeks of intranasal flunisolide spray treatment (300 γg/day) in nineteen steroid‐dependent chronic asthmatic subjects, who also had nasal polyps or severe rhinitis. During the study, their doses of prednisone and beclomethasone, used for asthma, were held stable. Morning serum cortisol levels and 24‐hr urinary‐free cortisol excretion were essentially the same after the placebo, and the flunisolide treatments. The intranasal flunisolide improved their nasal symptoms significantly (P < 0.05). Local complications were negligible. Given conventional steroid doses like those used in this study, there appears to be no important risk to endogenous adrenal function from combining the use of intranasal, flunisolide spray with administration of other steroids by other routes, when this is deemed clinically necessary. If higher doses are used, the possibility of some additive adrenal suppressive effect cannot be excluded.
The incidence of allergy—has it changed?
Authors: EATON K. K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA survey of the incidence of allergy in the entire population of a new‐town general practice is reported, comparing the year 1974 with 1979. A rise in the incidence of allergic complaints is noted in both sexes. However, hay fever and asthma continue to show a male dominance.
Diagnosis of pigeon breeder's disease by indirect immunofluorescence on sections of pigeon oviduct
Authors: SMETS P. , GARI M. , PINON J. M. , SEGUELA J. P. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA new technique by indirect immunofluorescence on sections of pigeon oviduct, is described as an aid to diagnosis of pigeon breeder's disease. It is easy to do, inexpensive, and permits distinction between affected patients and exposed but unaffected persons. The main allergen, pigeon IgA, participates in the fluorescent responses of the mucous membrane and associated secretions. It has been possible to relate changes in antibody titre with improvement following treatment.
Value of the case history in the diagnosis of allergic state and the detection of allergens
Authors: PÉCOUD A. , BONSTEIN H. S. , FREI P. C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryDetailed histories taken in eighty‐one patients suffering from perennial asthma and rhinitis were analysed independently by three trained allergists and their conclusions were compared to the results of three tests: (1) concentration of total serum IgE; (2) skin tests and (3) radioallergosorbent test (RAST). In eleven patients (14%), the three investigators disagreed when estimating the allergic nature of the symptoms. Ten out of forty‐four patients (23%), unanimously predicted not to be allergic, had high levels of total serum IgE and skin tests and RAST clearly positive for one or more allergens. The allergists suspected 47% of the allergens detected by skin tests and 55% of those detected by RAST. The case history was the test which most often gave information at odds with that suggested by the other three tests. Our study indicates therefore that a case history not even suggestive of allergy should be complemented by additional tests.
Mast cells in allergic nasal epithelium and lamina propria before and after provocation
Authors: KAWABORI S. , OKUDA M. , UNNO T. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA study of mast cells in subjects with nasal allergy was made by electron microscopy before and after provocation in three areas; the nasal epithelium, the subepithelial layer and the deep layer of the nasal lamina propria. The ration of degranulation of the mast cells in the nasal epithelium and subepithelial layer increased after provocation. The main features of exchanged granules of the mast cells in these areas were (1) swelling of lower electron density of the area enclosed by perigranular membrane, (2) lower electron density of the total area of granular substance with fibrillar and reticular changes, and (3) the disappearance of granular substance. It was, therefore, judged that the mast cells in the nasal epithelium and in the subepithelial layer play a more important part in the onset of a nasal allergic reaction than do those in the deep layer of the nasal lamina propria.
Seasonal variations of total histamine in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: HASEGAWA MAKOTO , SAITO YOZO , NAKA FUJI , KIYOI MASAYOSHI 
Published: April 2006

SummarySeasonal variations of total blood histamine were examined in twenty patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (Japanese cedar pollinosis). In blood specimens taken in the pollen season of 1978, the symptom‐free season of 1978. and the pollen season of 1979, the mean values of blood histamine were 61.6, 50.0 and 84.2 ng/ml respectively. The differences in blood histamine levels between the pollen season of 1978 and the symptom‐free season of 1978 and between the symptom‐free season of 1978 and the pollen season of 1979 were statistically significant. In the symptom‐free season of 1978, the blood histamine levels of twenty normal subjects were also examined: the mean value was 58.2 ng/ml. The blood histamine levels of the patients in the symptom‐free season were not statistically different from those of the normal subjects.
Baker's asthma
Authors: BLOCK G. , TSE K.S. , KIJEK K. , CHAN H. , CHAN‐YEUNG M. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySeven bakers with respiratory symptoms were evaluated by skin tests, RAST assay for specific IgE antibodies to rye and wheat, inhalation challenge with methacholine for the determination of non‐specific bronchial reactivity, and bronchoprovocation with rye and wheat extracts for the determination of antigen‐specific bronchial reactivity. An immediate asthmatic response to antigen challenge was observed in four subjects and all of them had a high level of flour‐specific IgE antibodies. The serum RAST values provided a more accurate predictive value than the degree of cutaneous sensitivity determined by skin testing with respect to the bronchial response to antigenic challenge. Among those who reacted positively to antigenic bronchoprovocation, a much lower antigen dose was required to elicit a positive reaction if the subject also had an increased degree of non‐specific bronchial reactivity. An elevated RAST value was not found in thirty‐eight asymptomatic bakers or in ten asthmatics who had no occupational exposure to flour. Thus, baker's asthma appears to he a form of allergic asthma to cereal flours mediated by specific IgF antibodies. Both the level of serum IgE antibodies and the degree of non‐specific bronchial reactivity are important factors which may influence a baker's bronchial response upon inhalation of cereal flours.
IgE‐mediated occupational allergy to a spider mite
Authors: REUNALA T. , BJÖRKSTÉN F. , FÖRSTRÖM L. , KANERVA L. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwo patients who suffered from allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis and contact urticaria caused by the two‐spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae, Koch) are described. Both patients worked in a greenhouse where they came in contact with both spider mites and predator mites living on bean leaves. Prick, Prausnitz‐Küstner and RAST tests indicated type I allergy to spider mite but not to predator mite. Both patients had a high level (RAST score 4) of spider‐mitE‐specific IgE in their sera. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition studies revealed no cross‐reactivity between spider mite and house dust mite allergens.These results show that spider mites, which are herbivorous mites found in nature, in greenhouses and even in homes, can cause IgE‐mediated allergy in man.
Asthma due to Central American walnut (Juglans olanchand) dust
Authors: BUSH R. K. , CLAYTON D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe purpose of our study was to describe a case of asthma due to Central American walnut (Juglans olanchand) dust and to ascertain whether an IgE antibody mechanism was implicated. The subject was a 48‐year‐old man who developed asthma following exposure to Central American walnut dust. Although intradermal testing with an aqueous extract of walnut dust produced no response, inhalation challenge with the extract produced significant bronchoconstriction. Another asthmatic person exposed to the wood dust had a positive skin test, but did not respond to the bronchial challenge. A direct radioallergosorbent test (RAST) on both subjects showed no evidence of serum IgE antibodies to Central American walnut dust. Consequently, the mechanism responsible for the sensitivity to the walnut dust remains unknown.
Immunological studies in asthmatic children undergoing antigen provocation in the skin, lung and nose
Authors: PRICE J. F. , TURNER M. W. , WARNER J. O. , SOOTHILL F. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn children with perennial asthma, dual (immediate and late) reactions in the skin to D. pteronyssinus and Timothy grass pollen were more frequent with high doses of antigen and were associated with large immediate reactions. The frequency of dual bronchial or nasal reactions was not related to the size of the immediate reaction and dual reactions were commonly elicited to the lowest antigen dose which would elicit an immediate reaction. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM or IgE concentrations, IgE or IgG antibodies to the antigens and defective yeast opsonization did not differ in children with dual or immediate only reactions in skin, nose or lung. In five patients undergoing bronchial provocation tests with D. pteronyssinus there was no fever, no fine crepitations in the kings and no significant change in the levels of C3.
Local nasal immunotherapy for ragweed‐allergic rhinitis
Authors: NICKELSEN J. A. , GEORGITIS J. W. , MUELLER U. R. , KANE J. , WYPYCH J. I. , GOLDSTEIN S. , REISMAN R. E. , ARBESMAN C. E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn 1979, pre‐seasonal local nasal immunotherapy (LNIT) was found to be an effective treatment for ragweed hay fever. In 1980. this study was continued to evaluate the clinical and immunologic responses of a second year of LNIT. Patients received either pre‐seasonal treatment with an unmodified ragweed extract (RW) or a polymerized ragweed extract (PRW), or no treatment. The results of the second year of treatment were the same as the first year. Adverse reactions were significantly higher in the RW‐treated group than in the PRW‐treated group (P < 0.001), Symptom/medication scores (SMS) in the RW‐treated group were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.005). Although SMS in the PRW‐treated group were lower than in the control group, this difference was not significant. The immunologic response was evaluated by measurements of serum (S) RW‐specific IgE and IgG and nasal secretory (NS) RW‐specific IgE, IgG, and IgA, After treatment, serum IgE titres and secretory IgA titres rose in the RW‐treated patients. Nasal secretory‐IgG and NS‐IgA titres increased with PRW treatment. The only immunologic response observed in the control group was a rise in S‐IgE titres after the ragweed season. There was no substantial difference in immunologic measurements observed in the 1979 and 1980 seasons, except that the pre‐treatment NS‐IgE level was higher in 1980 (P < 0.02). No significant correlations were found between antibody response and SMS. This study supports the efficacy of LNIT but does not support the protective role for NS‐ragweed‐specific IgA or IgG.
A study on airborne allergenic pollen content of the atmosphere of Naples
Authors: D'AMATO G. , COCCCG G. , LICCARDI G. , MELILLO G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn this paper we describe the results of volumetric sampling of the airborne allcrgenic pollen content of the Naples atmosphere. These studies have been carried out continuously since 1 May 1979 until 31 December 1981 utilizing a Burkard volumetric spore trap.We found that the most important allergenic pollen in Naples air is Parietaria, with a very long‐lasting period of pollination occurring from March to November. After Parietaria. Gramineae play an allergenic role frequently in association with the pollen of Olea, which is the most important pollen of all the trees in this area.In the summer/autumn seasons we observed in this area the pollination of mugwort (the unique plant of the Compositae) which was found to be of allergenic importance in Naples.
The dose‐duration effect of sodium cromoglycate in exercise‐induced asthma
Authors: PATEL K. R. , KERR J. W. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEight patients with exercise‐induced asthma participated in a single blind doseduration study comparing the protective effect of inhaled sodium cromoglycate (SCG) in increasing concentrations from 2 to 40 g/l. Saline was used as a control. Effects were assessed from the mean maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) after running on a treadmill for 8 min at 20, 150 and 270 min after drug administration There was no significant difference between the mean baseline values of FEV1, before and after inhalation of saline and SCG on 4 days of exercise testing. In addition, the maximal percentage falls in FEV1 in the three control exercise tests carried out at 20, 150 and 270 min after inhalation of saline were also comparable. The mean percentage fall in FEV1, (s.e.m.) after saline, SCG 2 g./l, SCG 20 g/l and SCG 40 g/l were 29.3 (4.4). 11.7 (4.5), 8.3 (3.1) and 9.4 (2.3) respectively in the first test at 20 min and 24.5(5.1), 14.9 (4.2), 13.1 (2.5)and 13.7 (2.8) respectively in the second test at 150 after treatment. The inhibitory effect of SCG was statistically significant at all the concentrations used and the protection offered by the three concentrations of SCG was comparable. In the third exercise test at 270 min after treatment, the mean maximum percentage change after saline. SCG 2 g/l, SCG 20 g/l and SCG 40 g/l were 26‐1 (4.8), 23.0 (6.1), 16.6 (5 0) and 15.8 (4.7) respectively. A partial protection in exercise‐induced fall in FEV1 was observed with 20 g/l and 40 g/l whereas the effect of SCG at 2 g/l had worn off by this time.This study demonstrates that SCG when given by nebulization is effective in exercise‐induced asthma throughout the dose range currently used clinically. However, the protection with the lowest dose does not last beyond 2 hr. It is therefore important to adjust the frequency and timing of drug administration with different methods.
Diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)‐induced asthma: evaluation of the immunologic responses and application of an animal model of isocyanate sensitivity
Authors: CHANG K. C. , KAROL M. H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA worker developed two episodes of severe asthma 90 min after cut ting a polyurethane plate made of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) using a rapidly turning carbide blade. Intradermal skin testing with MDI‐human serum albumin (MDI‐HSA) and p‐tolyl isocyanate‐HSA (p‐TMI‐HSA) were positive at 0.002 mg/ml. Control subjects showed no reaction at 2 mg/ml. Bronchial provocations of the worker with MDI‐HSA and p‐TMI‐HSA, made 1 year after the occupational asthmatic episode, were negative at 10 mg/ml. Bronchial reactivity to methacholine decreased toward normal during a 2‐year follow‐up. RAST using MDI‐HSA or p‐TM I‐HSA were strongly positive when compared with binding by sera from atopic controls which contained the same amount of total IgE. RAST titres decreased during a 1‐year follow‐up. In the MDI‐HSA RAST, inhibition studies indicated specificity of antibodies for MDI‐HSA. In the p‐TMI‐HSA RAST. p‐TMI‐HSA was a very effective inhibitor whereas MDI‐HSA was not. These results indicated the formation of at least two distinct groups of IgE antibodies: those reactive with MDI. and those reactive with p J‐TMI determinants. Guinea pigs immunized with MDI formed antibodies with specificities similar to those of the patient. We conclude that the worker had occupational asthma accompanied by the formation of specific IgE antibodies of the specificities. The causal relationship of the antibodies to the occupational asthma remains uncertain.
The spectrum of bronchial asthma in Kuwait
Authors: ELLUL‐MICALLEF R. , AL‐ALI S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryKuwait, situated in the north‐west corner of the Arabian Gulf, has an arid climate with very hot dry summers and mild winters. Sandstorms are a regular climatic feature. occurring most frequently in summer. Before the mid‐1950s allergy was not considered to be a problem. Since then it has become a major cause of morbidity; 18% of the population are reported to suffer from its manifestations. Over the past 3 years 1000 asthmatic patients attending a central clinic have been carefully studied. The present paper analyses various aspects of the asthmatic condition in this desert country.
Reproducibility of skin tests
Authors: PERRIN L. F. , DECHAMP CH. , DEVILLER P. , JOLY P. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryFifty patients allergic to mite were tested for D. pteronyssinus using two prick‐test techniques; the classical method by Pepys and the Morrow‐Brown needle. Each patient received six tests with each method on the two forearms. The evaluation of the weal areas was conducted in two ways: by weighing the shapes of the tests transferred on to paper, and by measuring the two greatest diameter lengths. No significant difference was observed between the two methods. No significant difference was observed between the measurements of the same tests carried out at 2‐monthly intervals by the same examiner.With the Pepys method the weal area sizes are significantly larger than with the Morrow‐Brown needle, and the variance is much greater with the Pepys technique. However, the coefficients of variation are similar and in both cases the techniques are equally reproducible. No significant difference was found in the weal sizes with regard to the injection sites on the forearm with either of the two methods. The correlation between the weal area sizes and the log of the IgE levels is closer with the Morrow‐Brown needle.
Basophil immunoglobulin receptors in asthmatics under immunoscanning electron microscopy
Authors: KIMURA IKURO , TAKAHASHI KIYOSHI , SODA RYO , KISHIMOTO TAKUMI , MATSUOKA TAKASHI 
Published: April 2006

SummaryImmunolatex particles were used as markers for IgE receptors on basophils using electron‐microscope scanning. These particles appeared to bind specifically to basophils. Basophils from atopic asthma patients showed greater binding to latex particles than those from intractable asthma patients or healthy subjects. Cap and patch formations on IgE receptors were frequently found in basophils of atopic asthmatics, and cap formation was observed only on basophils that were pear‐shaped. The redistribution of IgE receptors, such as that by cap formation, may be a significant triggering mechanism for basophil activation.The latex density on basophils pre‐treated with anti‐human IgG was much greater in intractable asthmatics than in atopic asthmatics or healthy subjects, and almost all basophils with increased immunolatex particles were pear‐shaped, suggesting the presence of some IgG receptors on the surface, and such receptors may play an important role in intractable asthma.
Housedust mites (D. pteronyssinus) in pets’beds and their relation to dust allergy
Authors: EATON K. K. , DOWNING F. S. , GRIFFITHS D. A. , HOCKLAND SUSAN , LYNCH SOPHIE 
Published: April 2006

SummaryHouses were surveyed by dust sampling to examine the occurrence and significance of storage mites in rural areas in the U.K. As a part of this project pets’beds were sampled, and it was discovered that not only do they contain storage mites, but that in nearly all instances the classical housedust mite (D. pteronyssinus) was present in significant numbers.
Specific IgG subclass antibodies, IgE and IgG S‐TS antibodies to wheat gluten fraction B in patients with coeliac disease
Authors: RAWCLIFFE P. M. , JEWELL D. P. , FAUX J. A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAntibodies were measured in the sera of fifteen patients with untreated coeliac disease and twenty‐eight patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Increased levels of specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 antibody to wheat gluten fraction B, measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, were shown in the coeliac disease group, but not in the inflammatory bowel disease group. No specific IgE antibody to fraction B was detected but 33% of the patients with coeliac disease had specific short‐term sensitizing (anaphylactic) IgG antibody activity (IgG S‐TS) to fraction B. There was no correlation between the IgG2 or IgG4 specific antibody and the presence of IgG S‐TS activity.