bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential health benefits of a novel symbiotic yogurt fortified with purple-leaf tea in modulation of gut microbiota
Authors: Mary Muchiri , Patrick Mucheru , Peter Chege 
Published: April 2024

Background: The use of symbiotic functional yogurt is a trending dietary approach of positively modulating the gut and alleviating dysbiosis. These yogurts are fermented using probiotic live microorganisms that confer health benefits on the host. Purple-leaf tea (Camellia sinensis) which contains prebiotic polyphenolic compounds, has all the health benefits of tea in addition to high content of flavonoid bioactive anthocyanin compounds.
Objective: The goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of a novel symbiotic yogurt fermented using probiotic microbes and fortified with purple leaf tea puree in modulating gut bacteria profile using an in vivo animal experiment with white male Wilstar rats.
Methods: An in vivo animal study was used to investigate the effect of symbiotic yogurt (PYPT) produced by fermentation of milk with probiotic starter culture ABT 5 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-12 and Streptococcus thermophiles) and fortified with purple-leaf tea puree. A total of 16 Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 8 doses of 4mg/g of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity. In a randomized control design, 8 of the experimental control rats were fed with normal standard rat feed, while 8 intervention rats were fed with the formulated yogurt for a period of 28 days. The gut health bacteria biomarkers were determined from the rats’ fecal matter by extraction of DNA using the ZymoBIOMIC kit protocol and profiled by the polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) molecular technique, of 16S rRNA. The data of the bacteria taxonomic classifications and abundance was processed and interpreted using DADA2 package and Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology 2 (Qiime2).
Results: No statistical differences in diversity of bacterial phyla were reported, but the composition of Actinobacteria increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control, while Proteobacteria decreased drastically in the intervention rats. Notably, the population of beneficial Lactobacillales and Bifidobacteriales in the intervention cohort increased significantly, while there was a reduction of bacteria with species with potential of pathogenic activity.
Conclusions: Fortification of probiotic yogurt with purple tea with prebiotic polyphenols increased the population of beneficial gut modulating bacteria while reducing the pathogens. Therefore, the study demonstrates the constructive collaboration of probiotic microbes and the purple tea bioactive compounds in the novel symbiotic yogurt in improving the healthful gut commensal bacteria. Future research can profile more commensal bacteria and analyze gut metabolites such as butyrate as well as conducting human clinical trials.
Keywords: Gut bacteria modulation, Symbiotic yogurt, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Purple-leaf tea, Fortification, Functional foods
Ecosystem importance of aquaculture
Authors: Hradovych N. , Paraniak R. , Lytvyn N. , Kachan A. , Dynia V. 
Published: April 2024

In this article the authors offer an in-depth analysis of the current state of hydroecosystems and the problems of their conservation. The key tasks relevant to aquaculture as a tool for resolving management problems are discussed in detail. The authors examine various approaches and methods used in relation to the eco-improvements of the industry under study, providing examples of positive impacts on biodiversity and sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. Aquaculture is a promising way of addressing food security issues and plays an important role in the functioning of ecological systems. Through integrated management, the desired results can be achieved, including the conservation of biodiversity, which will contribute to the sustainable functioning of organisms. Accordingly, it helps to reduce the levels of pressure on natural populations by regulating fisheries and thereby allowing natural ecosystems to maintain their balance. The practice of aquaculture involves the protection and preservation of natural habitats, such as wetlands and nesting sites for many species of birds. Such areas are critical for the reproduction of many aquatic species, contributing to the functioning of the ecosystem. Modern aquaculture systems include monitoring methods, as they can pose environmental threats and create environmental risks to the respective state of the hydroecosystem. Other important tasks include improving aquaculture waste management and improving water quality by removing excess organic matter and other particles using natural biofilters. Promising methods of aquaculture include the cultivation of algae that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and contribute to the development of green energy. Local community aquaculture reduces dependence on natural fisheries by providing jobs and alternative food sources. Aquaculture research can be used in ecosystem restoration projects. Understanding the interactions in aquaculture systems contributes to the knowledge of ecosystem dynamics and is the basis for management practices. The conclusions of the article emphasise the importance of aquaculture as a tool for achieving sustainable ecosystem development and provide practical recommendations for further research in this area. This approach allows us to highlight the multifaceted aspects of the problems and their relevance to the scientific community and practical application in natural resource management.
Signature Testing of Analog-To-Digital Converters
Authors: Geurkov Vadim , Kirischian Valeri , Kirischian Lev 
Published: April 2024

<p>When testing an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) by automatic test equipment (ATE), the latter is capable of performing extensive processing of output responses of the ADC. This allows detection of virtually any fault. However, the cost of ATE is quite high. As well, the external bandwidth of ATE is normally lower than the internal bandwidth of the ADC being tested, which makes it difficult to accomplish at-speed testing. It is important, therefore, to embed test hardware into ADC itself. The methods employed at ATE are complex and inconvenient for built-in realization. More advantageous are the methods exploiting accumulation of output responses. The size of the accumulator depends on the number of responses. In order to achieve greater fault coverage, this number is kept large, complicating the implementation. On the other hand, signature analysis used in digital systems testing is well suited for compaction of “lengthy” responses, and it is characterized by small hardware overhead and low aliasing probability. In this work, we apply signature analysis principle for compaction of output responses of an ADC. The permissible tolerance bounds for a fault-free ADC are determined and the aliasing rate is estimated. Examples are given. </p>
FORECASTING INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA (IPM) DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Authors: Andini Prila , Nabilla Ulya , Amelia Amelia 
Published: April 2024

Pembangunan manusia kini dipandang sebagai tolak ukur keberhasilan pembangunan suatu bangsa yang berkaitan erat dengan bidang ekonomi, sosial, budaya, politik, dan lingkungan. Keberhasilan pembangunan manusia diukur berdasarkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM). IPM megukur capaian pembangunan manusia berbasis sejumlah komponen dasar kualitas hidup yaitu umur panjang, hidup sehat, pengetahuan dan standar hidup layak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaplikasian metode exponential smoothing dalam peramalan IPM di Kabupaten Langkat 2022-2026. Data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan dengan jenis data adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Langkat. Berdasarkan analisa data yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh bahwa data tidak stasioner, memiliki unsur trend dan tidak dipengaruhi musiman, sehingga metode peramalan yang tepat digunakan adalah double exponential smoothing dengan menggunakan dua parameter yaitu ???? = 0,6 ???????????? ???? = 0,9 dengan besar nilai MAPE 0,36882% termasuk kriteria sangat baik. Hasil forecasting dengan metode ini pada tahun 2022-2026 berturut-turut sebesar 71,6690, 71,9523, 72,2357, 72,5191 dan sebesar 72,8024. Nilai tersebut masuk ke dalam kategori IPM Tinggi. Dalam hal ini hasil forecasting mengalami kenaikan secara terus-menerus setiap tahunnya.
Kata kunci : IPM, Metode Double Exponential Smoothing, Forecasting, Trend.
Penerapan Cross Validation sebagai Analisis Sentimen Pelayanan Publik Kereta Api Lokal Daop 8 Menggunakan Metode Multinomial Naïve Bayes
Authors: Irawan Risnaldy Novendra , Hindrayani Kartika Maulida , Idhom Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Dalam menyediakan layanan yang efisien dan berkualitas untuk Masyarakat pada sektor transportasi kereta api wilayah daerah operasional 8 Surabaya, perlu dilakukan langkah untuk memenuhi harapan pengguna kereta api subsidi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh cross validation terhadap metode Multinomial Naïve Bayes dalam analisis sentimen menggunakan metode 10-fold cross validation. Langkah-langkah preprocessing data dilakukan sehingga didapatkan data sebanyak 1123 komentar dengan dua kelas yaitu kelas positif sebanyak 778 komentar dan negatif sebanyak 345 komentar. Analisis dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali dengan proses validasi 10-fold cross validation dan pengujian Multinomial Naïve Bayes. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian Multinomial Naïve Bayes menggunakan data uji sebanyak 225 data, didapatkan 14 data positif dan 160 data negatif yang ditinjau dari performa pengujian terbaik pada parameter nilai validasi fold = 1. Hasil akhir didapatkan nilai akurasi 77%, presisi 81%, recall 77%, dan f1 score 71%, yang mengungkapkan bahwa model efektif dalam mengklasifikasi komentar negatif dari kesluruhan data uji.
Purpose and scope of the Penitentiary Regulations (Spain): author’s translation and short commentary
Authors: Siryakov Aleksey 
Published: April 2024

The article provides the author’s translation and commentary to article 1
«Purpose and scope of application» of section I of the Penitentiary Regulations of 1996, put into effect by Royal Decree No. 190 of February 9 and currently applied in Spain.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF PROBATION UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Butenko Tatyana 
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the essence of the principles of probation, their relationship with the principles of penal enforcement legislation and crime prevention. Taking into account the deterioration of the military-political situation in the territories bordering with Russia, there was a need to develop provisions regulating the implementation of probation under martial law. Attention is drawn to the lack of legal regulation of this issue at the present stage. The norms in the field of military and probation legislation are analyzed for their correspondence with each other. As a conclusion, it is proposed to optimize legislation in the field of probation by introducing an additional article in the Federal Law
«On Probation in the Russian Federation», as well as to rank the principles depending on their significance and reflection in international acts and branches of national legislation, in connection with which general legal principles in the conditions of martial law are valid without restrictions, and special The principles of probation are suspended for the period of martial law.
Researching opportunities to improve efficiency detection of unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Volochiy Bohdan , Onyshchenko Volodymyr , Ozirkovskyi Leonid , Khahula Vasyl 
Published: April 2024

The article considers options for the formation of radio electronic systems for detecting UAVs using radar, optoelectronic, thermal imaging and acoustic systems with specified values of performance indicators in their autonomous use. The results of comparing the effectiveness of eight variants of the formation of electronic systems for detecting UAVs of the Lancet, Shahed-136, and Cube types are shown. In these variants, two electronic complexes are considered, which provide for the combination of 3 systems, and 6 electronic complexes, which provide for the combination of two systems. To evaluate the effectiveness of the radio electronic complex for detecting unmanned aerial vehicles of each type, the indicator "probability of UAV detection" is used. The fact of UAV detection is recorded in three variants of partial task completion. The first embodiment of the partial solution of the task takes into account unmanned aerial vehicles detected by three systems. The second embodiment of the task takes into account unmanned aerial vehicles detected by any two of the three systems. The third variant of the partial solution of the task takes into account unmanned aerial vehicles detected by any one system out of three. To determine the performance indicator, a discrete-continuous stochastic model of the operational functional behavior of an electronic complex consisting of radar, optoelectronic or thermal imaging and acoustic systems with a given algorithm for its functioning is proposed. The development of a probabilistic graph of states and transitions is shown, on the basis of which a stochastic model of the operational functional behavior of the UAV detection electronic complex is formed in the form of a system of Kolmogorov-Chopman differential equations. The degree of adequacy of the proposed discrete-continuous stochastic model of the operational functional behavior of the electronic complex is determined by taking into account the performance indicators of the systems that are part of it. As indicators of system efficiency, we used "the probability of detecting a UAV by the system of the electronic complex when the UAV is in the area controlled by this system" and "the average values of the time intervals from the moment of UAV appearance in the controlled area until the moment of its detection by the corresponding system". To evaluate the increase in the efficiency of the created UAV detection electronic systems, an indicator is used in the form of the ratio of the probability of non-detection of UAVs by one system when it is used autonomously and the probability of non-detection of UAVs by the created electronic system.
Syntesis mobile logarithmic periodic antenna for the frequency range 40–500 MHz
Authors: Kiris Igor , Ryzhov Yevhen , Moroz Mykola , Diedov Mykhailo , Peleshok Yevhen , Starynskyi Ivan 
Published: April 2024

Today, the effectiveness of the troop and weapons management system has become as much a factor in winning a battle as their quantity and quality. In modern conditions, the management of troops and weapons is almost entirely based on the use of various radio-electronic means, which in turn made it possible to increase the effectiveness of fire damage to the forces and means of the opposing side and significantly improve the quality of the management of troops.
Since radio emission detection and analysis systems receive information from existing electromagnetic fields, receiving antennas are one of their main devices. It is obvious that the improvement of such characteristics of antennas as the efficiency of their deployment on the ground and folding into the transport position, the range of operating frequencies, the amplification factor, the accuracy of measurement, the maximum coefficient of directional action, reliability and ease of maintenance are modern trends in the development of mobile military systems for the detection and analysis of radio emissions from the enemy's radio-electronic means.
According to the results of the review of scientific publications and the study of modern problems of the development of radio monitoring antenna systems, it was established that in recent years the issue of developing mobile broadband antennas - able to be deployed/collapsed on the ground and brought into working position in short periods of time - has become especially relevant. Therefore, it is urgent to find ways to develop the design features of broadband antennas to increase their efficiency (mobility) of deployment/collapse on the terrain. The purpose and main content of the article is to increase the efficiency (reduction of time) of deployment on the ground and folding into the transport position of the logoperiodic vibrating antenna for working with broadband signals in the frequency range of 40–500 MHz.
According to the results of a comparative analysis of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the developed mobile logoperiodic antenna with its closest analogues, it was established that the developed design of the mobile logoperiodic antenna made it possible to increase the range of operating frequencies of the antenna for the lower part of the VHF range and increase the efficiency of deploying/collapsing the antenna (expanding/collapsing time is reduced 2 times) while the weight and dimensions of the antenna remained unchanged (dimensions of the antenna in the transport position – 2010x600 mm, antenna weight – 7 kg).
Synergistic antibacterial activity and inhibition of TiO2 nanotube arrays and loaded antibiotics against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Opolot Emmanuel Einyat , Wang Haochen , Capadona Jeffrey R. , von Recum Horst A. , Amani Hamedani Hoda 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Implantable medical devices continue to be vulnerable to bacterial infections. The unrelenting formation of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains not only exacerbates these infections but also renders the current treatment strategies impotent. The need is greater than ever for innovative and effective approaches to counteract drug-resistant bacteria. This study examines the innate antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) and their ability to locally deliver antibiotics to inactivate gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, in vitro.Methods: Using a two-step electrochemical anodization process, TNAs with a diameter of ∼100 nm and a length of ∼5 µm were grown on titanium substrates.Results and Discussion: After 24 h of incubation, as-fabricated TNAs showed 100% clearance of Escherichia coli, and 97% clearance of Staphylococcus aureus growth. The antibiotic-loaded TNAs demonstrated sustained slow-release of cefotaxime and imipenem measured over 14 days. In vitro bacterial studies revealed the capability of cefotaxime- and imipenem-loaded TNAs in completely inhibiting the growth with 100% clearance of Klebsiella pneumoniae after 24 and 48 h of incubation. Bacterial inhibition assay revealed a significantly enlarged inhibition zone difference of 18 mm around the imipenem-loaded TNAs against K. pneumoniae compared to the as-fabricated TNAs which was maintained for 7 days with ∼10 μgmL−1 of antibiotic released from the TNAs which was found to be lower than the dose required to completely eradicate multidrug resistant bacteria when used in conjunction with the antibacterial TNAs. The results of our study highlight the potential of TNAs as a versatile platform for addressing treatment strategies related to bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance in implantable medical devices.
Cardiometabolic and immune response to exercise training in patients with metabolic syndrome: retrospective analysis of two randomized clinical trials
Authors: Lechner Katharina , Kia Sylvia , von Korn Pia , Dinges Sophia M. , Mueller Stephan , Tjønna Arnt-Erik , Wisløff Ulrik , Van Craenenbroeck Emeline M. , Pieske Burkert , Adams Volker , Pressler Axel , Landmesser Ulf , Halle Martin , Kränkel Nicolle 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the presence of central obesity plus ≥two metabolic/cardiovascular risk factors (RF), with inflammation being a major disease-driving mechanism. Structured endurance exercise training (ET) may positively affect these traits, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O2peak).AimsWe explore individual ET-mediated improvements of MetS-associated RF in relation to improvements in V̇O2peak and inflammatory profile.MethodsMetS patients from two randomized controlled trials, ExMET (n = 24) and OptimEx (n = 34), had performed 4- or 3-months supervised ET programs according to the respective trial protocol. V̇O2peak, MetS-defining RFs (both RCTs), broad blood leukocyte profile, cytokines and plasma proteins (ExMET only) were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Intra-individual changes in RFs were analysed for both trials separately using non-parametric approaches. Associations between changes in each RF over the exercise period (n-fold of baseline values) were correlated using a non-parametrical approach (Spearman). RF clustering was explored by uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) and changes in RF depending on other RF or exercise parameters were explored by recursive partitioning.ResultsFour months of ET reduced circulating leukocyte counts (63.5% of baseline, P = 8.0e-6), especially effector subtypes. ET response of MetS-associated RFs differed depending on patients’ individual RF constellation, but was not associated with individual change in V̇O2peak. Blood pressure lowering depended on cumulative exercise duration (ExMET: ≥102 min per week; OptimEx-MetS: ≥38 min per session) and baseline triglyceride levels (ExMET: &lt;150 mg/dl; OptimEx-MetS: &lt;174.8 mg/dl). Neuropilin-1 plasma levels were inversely associated with fasting plasma triglycerides (R: −0.4, P = 0.004) and changes of both parameters during the ET phase were inversely correlated (R: −0.7, P = 0.0001).ConclusionsET significantly lowered effector leukocyte blood counts. The improvement of MetS-associated cardiovascular RFs depended on individual basal RF profile and exercise duration but was not associated with exercise-mediated increase in V̇O2peak. Neuropilin-1 may be linked to exercise-mediated triglyceride lowering.
Numerical simulation of gas diffusion and explosion limit of VOCs in containment integrated leak rate test
Authors: Weng W. Q. , Fang X. , Hu Y. W. , Li D. R. , Sun D. C. , Guo S. S. , Zheng D. K. 
Published: April 2024

CILRT is an important work in the overhaul of nuclear power plants. VOCs from paints and cleaners used in the containment during the overhaul will migrate inside the containment, and the numerous rooms and compartments inside the containment make the air flow impeded, and the VOCs may be enriched to bring combustion risk. The complete fire risk analysis method includes volatilization kinetics of chemicals, mixture explosion limits, and numerical simulation of VOCs diffusion and migration. The volatilization rate at the lowest room temperature of 20°C is used as a conservative input, the complement of CAITA realistic model is used as the flow domain, and the geometry is appropriately simplified, and the steady ventilation process, the internal flow and the laws of diffusion and agglomeration of 12 kinds of VOCs gases in the 9-h pressure-holding process are investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The simulation results of steady ventilation show that the VOCs gases are almost uniformly carried by the air to all spaces inside the containment, and the explosion risk is low. The concentration field of the steady ventilation process was taken as the initial boundary condition and unsteady state simulation of the 9-h holding pressure process was performed. The results show that the gas flow inside the containment basically stops after 3456 s of pressure holding. With the extension of time, the VOCs gases accumulate at the bottoms of the three lower layers of the containment under the effect of laminar diffusion and gravitational settling, where the total concentration of the mixed gases reaches the highest at the bottom of the lowest layer. The total concentration of the VOCs gas mixture was below the lower explosion limit throughout the 9-h pressure-holding process, and the explosion risk was low.