bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Secrets of Protein–Metabolite Interactions
Authors: Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSaghatelian and colleagues recently introduced a global metabolite‐profiling approach that allows protein–metabolite interactions (PMI) to be identified. This approach represents an excellent strategy and valuable tool for unraveling the many secrets of the metabolome. The key features of the methodology will be summarized here.magnified image
Blue‐Light‐Triggered Photorelease of Active Chemicals Captured by the Flavoprotein Dodecin
Authors: Nöll Gilbert , Trawöger Sibylle , von Sanden‐Flohe Madlene , Dick Bernhard , Grininger Martin 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLearning from nature: In nature, riboflavin binding proteins are responsible for the transport and release of riboflavin. Here, the development of a molecular photorelease system based on the riboflavin binding protein dodecin is presented. Any drug or active chemical linked to a flavin can be captured by dodecin and transported to a location of interest. Irradiation with blue light results in the release of the ligands.magnified image
State‐dependent correlations of biochemical variables in plants
Authors: Németh Zsolt István , Sárdi Éva , Stefanovits‐Bányai Éva 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDistributions of biochemical variables in plant foliage are mainly similar to normal distributions. The correlations between two variables belonging to a given sampling time or a given physiological stage are regarded as state‐dependent correlations. The conditions of existence of strong state‐dependent correlation are the dependence of values of the variables from each other and the identity of their distributions. An assumed identity of distributions can manifest itself in the very strong similarity of their empirical distributions. Two distributions with finite number of elements are considered the same in their type when they approximate a characteristic distribution, for example, the normal distribution in the same manner. In this situation, the rank or normal score patterns of the data producing linear correlation are also very similar to each other. On the basis of identity criteria and the interdependence of the variables, an equation for state‐dependent correlation has been derived in theoretical way from standardization of the distributions. Thus, not only statistical but also physical meanings can be attached to the parameters of the regression of experimental results. In this paper, we show that the distinction of plant physiological and/or stress states from each other can be more effective by using the correlation of biochemical variables for their characterizations than by separately statistical comparisons of means of the variables. Covariance analysis (ANCOVA) of linear regressions of state‐dependent correlations is able to distinguish actually various states that, on the basis of the means, seem undistinguishable. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single‐Molecule Fluorescence Studies Reveal Long‐Range Electron‐Transfer Dynamics Through Double‐Stranded DNA
Authors: Kumbhakar Manoj , Kiel Alexander , Pal Haridas , Herten Dirk‐Peter 
Published: March 2009

AbstractComplex dynamics of combined long‐range fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and short‐range electron transfer (ET) processes in a single double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecule (see figure) reveals that FRET remains almost unaltered in the presence of ET. Present systems also demonstrate the potential for long‐range ET studies through the base stack in single dsDNA molecules.magnified image
Tuneable Control of Interfacial Rheology and Emulsion Coalescence
Authors: Malcolm Andrew S. , Dexter Annette F. , Katakdhond Jayant A. , Karakashev Stoyan I. , Nguyen Anh V. , Middelberg Anton P. J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBreaking point: Switchable peptide surfactants are used to demonstrate that the extent of cross‐linking in an interfacial surfactant layer can control the rate of emulsion coalescence. Pictured is the rupture of an aqueous thin film where the peptide layer lacks sufficient strength to prevent hole formation, but nonetheless dramatically slows the rate of hole expansion.magnified image
Characterizing Pt‐Derived Anticancer Drugs from First Principles: The Case of Oxaliplatin in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Beret Elizabeth C. , Pappalardo Rafael R. , Marx Dominik , Sánchez Marcos Enrique 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAnionic hydration: Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations help to obtain a microscopic description of the behavior of oxaliplatin anticancer drug in bulk water (see picture). Its hydration structure is closely related to that previously found for PtII aqua ion and derives from the presence of a square‐planar motif around the metal center.magnified imageThe molecular compound ethyldiamine‐oxalatoplatinum(II), EDO–Pt, is used as a model to study the oxaliplatin anticancer drug in aqueous solution by means of ab initio computer simulation. Gas‐phase structure optimizations have been performed for both oxaliplatin and its EDO–Pt mimic along with Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations of EDO–Pt in gas phase and in aqueous solution. The coordination of PtII is square‐planar on average, with PtN and PtOI distances of 2.04 Å in solution. The diamine ligand has a bent structure, while the oxalate ligand is planar on average. The complex features a very rigid structure during the simulation and the charge distribution describes a dipole with its negative pole on the oxalate ligand and the positive pole on the Ptdiamine side. The solvation pattern of EDO–Pt is most well‐defined around the amine and oxalate groups and is quantified by means of radial and spatial distribution functions of water molecules around the complex. Decomposition of radial distribution functions into their contributions from different regions (axial and equatorial) reveals an “anionic hydration” pattern of the metal cation by the solvent, which is analogous in nature to the bare PtII aqua ion. A qualitative prediction on the kinetics of ligand exchange in oxaliplatin is derived based on its axial hydration pattern.
Hydrogen Transfer from Supercritical Methanol over a Solid Base Catalyst: A Model for Lignin Depolymerization
Authors: Macala Gerald S. , Matson Theodore D. , Johnson Charles L. , Lewis Robert S. , Iretskii Alexei V. , Ford Peter C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA (super)critical transfer: The consecutive hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation of the lignin model compound dihydrobenzofuran was studied in supercritical methanolic solutions using porous metal oxide catalysts. These catalysts promote H2 production from methanol followed by hydrogenolysis of the ether linkages and reduction of the aromatic rings, leading principally to a mixture of cyclohexanols.magnified image
Improved analogue fault coverage estimation using probabilistic analysis
Authors: Papakostas D. K. , Hatzopoulos A. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA method for fault detection probability estimation using statistical multi‐parameter circuit simulation is proposed, in order to check circuits for which double or multiple analogue measurements are utilized. Theoretical analysis for the estimation of the fault coverage is given, based on conditional probability calculations. The proposed method can be applied for both test measurement and input stimulus selection. Simulation results from the application of the method on typical analogue circuits—filter and amplifier—are given, showing a sufficient improvement over the fault coverage achieved by single measurements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trust, public participation and environmental governance in Hong Kong
Authors: Tsang Stephen , Burnett Margarett , Hills Peter , Welford Richard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper explores the role of trust in environmental governance and its role in facilitating collective action through public participation in making decisions on environmental policies in Hong Kong. Opinions from key stakeholders with regard to the environmental performance of the Hong Kong government and public participation in Hong Kong were collected. Their opinions help to explain the hypothesized ‘trust deficit’ in Hong Kong. A trust‐based framework was used to identify the appropriate stakeholder participation strategy for environmental governance in Hong Kong. Given that the level of trust in experts, trust between stakeholders and trust in government decision‐makers are all low, a deliberation strategy using professional facilitation is recommended in implementing public participation in Hong Kong to rebuild trust. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Towards Antitumor Active trans‐Platinum Compounds
Authors: Aris Sheena M. , Farrell Nicholas P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractSubstitution of NH3 by a range of amines in trans‐[PtCl2(NH3)2] produces compounds with cytotoxicity significantly improved over the parent transplatin and in many cases equivalent to that of cisplatin. This microreview summarizes the chemistry and biology of trans‐platinum compounds containing principally planar amines and succinctly reviews the current status of anticancer relevance of the trans‐platinum geometry. The nature of bifunctional DNA adducts (intrastrand, interstrand) is remarkably dependent on the nature of the amine. Further, the stability of monofunctional adducts allows for competitive production of DNA–protein cross‐links and overall the results suggest that the trans‐platinum chemotype may offer significant potential for design of selective DNA–protein cross‐linking agents. A subset of proteins known to bind to DNA modified by trans‐platinum is that comprising zinc fingers – model studies show the potential for formation of heteronuclear thiolate‐bridged species as precedent for zinc displacement from the biomolecule.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
An Efficient Approach to Monophenyl‐Functionalized Octasilsesquioxanes
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Kondo Shin‐ichi , Takeda Nobuhiro , Unno Masafumi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBy controlling the ratio of N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) to trichloro(p‐tolyl)silane, [4‐(bromomethyl)phenyl]trichlorosilane and trichloro[4‐(tribromomethyl)phenyl]silane were selectively prepared for the first time. Then, by treating theabove two trichlorosilanes with incompletely condensedsilsesquioxane, R7Si7O9(OH)3, a (monobromomethyl)phenyl‐tethered octasilsesquioxane and (tribromomethyl)phenyl‐tethered octasilsesquioxane were easily obtained. Finally, the resulting two compounds were further hydrolyzed to form a (monohydroxymethyl)phenyl‐ and monocarboxyphenyl‐functionalized octasilsesquioxane, respectively.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Microwave‐Assisted Organometallic Syntheses: Formation of Dinuclear [(Arene)Ru(μ‐Cl)3RuCl(L–L′)] Complexes (L–L′: Chelate Ligands with P‐, N‐, or S‐Donor Atoms) by Displacement of Arene π Ligands (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 8/2009)
Authors: Albrecht Christian , Gauthier Sébastien , Wolf Joffrey , Scopelliti Rosario , Severin Kay 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows the molecular structure of a dinuclear ruthenium complex, which was obtained by an arene displacement reaction in a microwave oven. Although microwave heating has been used extensively in organic synthesis, there are relatively few reports about its application in preparative organometallic chemistry. On p. 1003 ff, K. Severin et al. describe that [(arene)Ru(μ‐Cl)3RuCl(L?L′)] complexes with a diverse set of chelate ligands L?L′ are easily accessible by microwave heating. It should be mentioned, though, that the instrument used for their experiments was slightly more sophisticated than the one shown on the cover.
[4+2] Annulation – Convenient Synthesis of Substituted Dihydropyranones in Aqueous Media
Authors: Ouyang Yan , Huang Jie , Pan Wei , Liang Yongjiu , Yang Yang , Dong Dewen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA facile and convenient synthesis of dihydropyranones has been developed by a formal [4+2] annulation of readily available α‐acetyl ketene S,S‐acetals with various aldehydes, involving a tandem aldol reaction and conjugate addition‐elimination reaction, in the presence of NaOH in water. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Tandem Zn‐Brook Rearrangement/Ene‐Allene Carbocyclization
Authors: Unger Rozalia , Cohen Theodore , Marek Ilan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe addition of metalated alkynes to acylsilanes leads to the corresponding α‐propargylsilanol derivatives. On addition of ZnBr2, Zn‐promoted Brook rearrangements take place to produce the propargyl/allenylzinc bromides, which undergo cyclization to give functionalized carbocycles as single diastereoisomers. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Sensitivity of post‐hurricane beach and dune recovery to event frequency
Authors: Houser Chris , Hamilton Stuart 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe recovery of Santa Rosa Island in northwest Florida is characterized following Hurricane Katrina (September 2005), which was preceded by Hurricanes Ivan (2004) and Dennis (2005). Beach and dune recovery were quantified to the east and west of Pensacola Beach through a comparison of LiDAR data collected immediately following Hurricane Katrina and in July 2006 after almost a year of recovery. East of Pensacola Beach (the Santa Rosa Unit), the shoreline retreated by an average of 64 m during the 2004–2005 hurricane season and recovered by an average of 19 m. To the west of Pensacola Beach (the Fort Pickens Unit), the shoreline retreated by an average of 30 m, and while no significant shoreface recovery was observed, the presence of vegetation on low‐profile dunes promoted backshore accretion. It is found that beachface recovery in the Santa Rosa Unit and backshore accretion in the Fort Pickens Unit occurred at the widest sections of the island where the pre‐storm profile volume had been relatively large and overwash penetration was at a minimum. The narrow sections of the island (between cuspate headlands) had a smaller profile volume before the storms, leading to greater overwash penetration and in some cases island breaching in both sections, which limited the volume of sediment available for shoreface recovery. The alongshore variation in recovery is not only related to the island width, but also the offshore bathymetry, height of the pre‐storm dunes and the overwash penetration. If sufficient time is allowed for the return of vegetation and the recovery of the dunes, the variations in storm impact observed during Hurricane Ivan will be reinforced during subsequent storms. In this respect, the level of impact during subsequent storms and the ability of the island to recover will depend on the frequency of storm events. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectrally based remote sensing of river bathymetry
Authors: Legleiter Carl J. , Roberts Dar A. , Lawrence Rick L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper evaluates the potential for remote mapping of river bathymetry by (1) examining the theoretical basis of a simple, ratio‐based technique for retrieving depth information from passive optical image data; (2) performing radiative transfer simulations to quantify the effects of suspended sediment concentration, bottom reflectance, and water surface state; (3) assessing the accuracy of spectrally based depth retrieval under field conditions via ground‐based reflectance measurements; and (4) producing bathymetric maps for a pair of gravel‐bed rivers from hyperspectral image data. Consideration of the relative magnitudes of various radiance components allowed us to define the range of conditions under which spectrally based depth retrieval is appropriate: the remotely sensed signal must be dominated by bottom‐reflected radiance. We developed a simple algorithm, called optimal band ratio analysis (OBRA), for identifying pairs of wavelengths for which this critical assumption is valid and which yield strong, linear relationships between an image‐derived quantity X and flow depth d. OBRA of simulated spectra indicated that water column optical properties were accounted for by a shorter‐wavelength numerator band sensitive to scattering by suspended sediment while depth information was provided by a longer‐wavelength denominator band subject to strong absorption by pure water. Field spectra suggested that bottom reflectance was fairly homogeneous, isolating the effect of depth, and that radiance measured above the water surface was primarily reflected from the bottom, not the water column. OBRA of these data, 28% of which were collected during a period of high turbidity, yielded strong X versus d relations (R2 from 0·792 to 0·976), demonstrating that accurate depth retrieval is feasible under field conditions. Moreover, application of OBRA to hyperspectral image data resulted in spatially coherent, hydraulically reasonable bathymetric maps, though negative depth estimates occurred along channel margins where pixels were mixed. This study indicates that passive optical remote sensing could become a viable tool for measuring river bathymetry. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of climate change on runoff from a mid‐latitude mountainous catchment in central Japan
Authors: Shinohara Yoshinori , Kumagai Tomo'omi , Otsuki Kyoichi , Kume Atsushi , Wada Naoya 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHydrologic balance in high‐altitude, mid‐latitude mountain areas is important in terms of the water resources available to associated lowlands. This study examined how current and historical shifts in precipitation (P) patterns and concurrent increases in temperature (T) affected runoff (Q) and other hydrologic components in a mid‐latitude mountain catchment of central Japan, using a combination of long‐term data and a simplified hydrologic model, along with their stochastic treatment. The availability of intensive meteorological and hydrological data from the period 1997–2001 allowed the derivation of key relationships for the current climate that tie the forcing term to the parameters or state variables. By using the data recorded in the period 1965–2001, the force for driving the historical simulation was generated. Based on this model and historical shifts in P and T, the probability density functions of Q (pdf(Q)) was computed. A main novelty in this study is that such a stochastic representation, which is useful for considering the influence of projected shifts in environmental factors on the hydrologic budget, was provided. Despite the large increase in the rate of T in winter and spring, pdf(Q) in spring and summer varied appreciably during the time studied mainly because of an increase in snowmelt. An interannual change in whole‐year Q was robust to shifts in T because while Q in spring increased, in summer it decreased, implying a crucial effect of global warming on mountain hydrologic regimes is change in the timing of Q. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy system for combination forecasting of river flow in semiarid mountain regions
Authors: Zhang Lijie , Zhao Wenzhi , He Zhibin , Liu Hu 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBecause of high spatial heterogeneity and the degree of uncertainty about hydrological processes in large‐scale catchments of semiarid mountain areas, satisfactory forecasting of daily discharge is seldom available using a single model in many practical cases. In this paper the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy system (TS) and the simple average method (SAM) are applied to combine forecasts of three individual models, namely, the simple linear model (SLM), the seasonally based linear perturbation model (LPM) and the nearest neighbour linear perturbation model (NNLPM) for modelling daily discharge, and the performance of modelling results is compared in five catchments of semiarid areas. It is found that the TS combination model gives good predictions. The results confirm that better prediction accuracy can be obtained by combining the forecasts of different models with the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy system in semi‐arid mountain areas. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
M5 model tree based modelling of reference evapotranspiration
Authors: Pal Mahesh , Deswal Surinder 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper investigates the potential of M5 model tree based regression approach to model daily reference evapotranspiration using climatic data of Davis station maintained by California irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS). Four inputs including solar radiation, average air temperature, average relative humidity, and average wind speed whereas reference evapotranspiration calculated using a relation provided by the CIMIS was used as output. To compare the performance of M5 model tree in predicting the reference evapotranspiration, FAO–56 Penman–Monteith equation and calibrated Hargreaves–Samani relation was used. A comparison of results suggests that M5 model tree approach works well in comparison to both FAO–56 and calibrated Hargreaves–Samani relations. To judge the generalization capability of M5 model tree approach, model created by using the Davis data set was tested with the datasets of four different sites. Results from this part of the study suggest that M5 model tree could successfully be employed in modeling the reference evapotranspiration. Further, sensitivity analysis with M5 model tree approach suggests the suitability of solar radiation, average air temperature, average relative humidity, and average wind speed as input parameters to model the reference evapotranspiration Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Valuing diversity: a group‐value approach to understanding the importance of organizational efforts to support diversity
Authors: Triana María del Carmen , García María Fernanda 
Published: March 2009

AbstractUsing Leventhal's rules as well as the group‐value model of procedural justice, we first examined how the negative effects of perceived racial discrimination on procedural justice judgments can be attenuated by perceived organizational efforts to support diversity. Secondly, we examine how these effects ultimately impact affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. We found that employees who believe some individuals in the workplace are discriminating against them on the basis of race tend to report lower levels of procedural justice from the organization. However, this negative relationship was attenuated when employees perceived that their organization was making efforts to support diversity. Results suggest that individuals' perceptions of organizational efforts to support diversity can help restore perceptions of procedural justice for employees who experience racial discrimination at work. Improving procedural justice also positively impacts affective commitment and organizational citizenship behavior directed at the organization. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.