bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperfrequency of pulmonary cancer in a population of 415 patients treated for laryngeal cancer
Authors: Christensen Per‐Henrik , Joergensen Karsten , Munk Jens , Oesterlind Anne 
Published: September 2006

AbstractFour hundred fifteen patients with laryngeal cancer were treated mainly by primary irradiation from 1965 to 1983, at the Radium Centre of Odense. By December 31, 1983, a total of 32 patients had developed pulmonary cancer. The Danish Cancer Registry calculated the expected number of pulmonary cancer in a population of the same composition from the same period of time and the same geographical locale. A statistically significant hyperfrequency of pulmonary cancer among males was found, most pronounced among supraglottic cases: 6.73. Furthermore, a cumulative estimation of the risk of developing pulmonary cancer as a function of follow‐up revealed a risk of 26% during the first 14 years of follow‐up. The only effective way to solve the problem is to stop smoking.
Outcome of locally advanced stage III and IV head and neck cancer treated by surgery and postoperative external beam radiotherapy
Authors: Kumar P. Pradeep , Good Roger R. , Yonkers Anthony J. , Epstein Barry E. , Ogren F. Paul , Moore Gary F. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractAn uncontrolled retrospective analysis of 76 patients with locally advanced Stage III and Stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, pyriform sinus, suproglottic larynx, glottic larynx, and hypopharynx, who were treated in a uniform manner by surgical resection and 6,600 rad postoperative external beam radiotherapy, revealed relatively high 2‐year and 4‐year adjusted survival rates of 76% and 68%, respectively. Complication rates were acceptable (8%). The advantages of this treatment approach for locally advanced head and neck cancers compared to treatment by surgery alone are discussed.
Diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency in croup and epiglottitis
Authors: Hodge Kenneth M. , Ganzel Toni M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractCroup and epiglottitis continue to be potentially life‐threatening diseases in children. Early distinction is imperative as definitive treatment differs significantly.To determine the correlation of various clinical features, x‐rays, and laboratory tests with diagnosis and management planning, a retrospective chart analysis of 194 children with croup (N=169) and epiglottitis (N=25) was performed.The clinical history and physical findings were most important in differential diagnosis. Patient age, lateral neck x‐ray, and white blood count (WBC) strongly correlated with diagnosis. Counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) results did not alter therapy. No blood cultures were positive unless the patient had: 1. WBC over 15,000 with more than 10 stabs, 2. WBC over 20,000, or 3. WBC with more than 20 stabs. Ampicillin resistent H. influenzae occurred in 21% of positive blood cultures. Capillary blood gases did not correlate with clinical need for intubation.It is suggested that a selective evaluation of patients with epiglottitis and croup can be performed in a more cost‐effective manner without sacrifice in patient care.
Combined otolaryngological and neurosurgical approach in treating sinus fractures
Authors: Denneny James C. , Davidson William D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractFrontal sinus injury in patients with closed head trauma is significant. Fractures of the anterior and posterior table as well as injury to the nasofrontal duct system requiring exploration, and often times obliteration of the frontal sinus, are not uncommon. Some patients present with frontal sinus damage along with intracranial pathology that requires craniotomy for treatment of the intracranial problem. In these patients, the neurosurgeon typically performs a bifrontal scalp flap to expose the cranium.A bone flap that transects the superior margin of the frontal sinus is then elevated and removed. This allows direct visualization of the anterior and posterior sinus walls and both nasofrontal ducts, subsequently facilitating reduction of fractures, debridement, and obliteration or ablation, if necessary, without creating another bone flap. The surgeon gets an overall picture of the sinus without the added trauma associated with the creation of an osteoplastic flap.
Early vocal cord carcinoma in obese patients: A surgical lesion
Authors: Moore Dennis M. , Juillard Guy J. F. , Ward Paul H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractEarly epidermoid carcinoma of the vocal cord is treated successfully by radiation therapy with high 5‐year survival rates, low morbidity, and preservation of excellent voice quality in most cases. Typically, surgery is reserved for salvage of radiation failure and provides overall 5‐year survival rates of 98% and 90% for T1 and T2 lesions, respectively. The extremely obese patient, often with a short neck and excessive amounts of subcutaneous fat, is difficult for both radiotherapist and surgeon to diagnose and treat. The recent observation of an unusually high rate of radiotherapy failure in a cluster of obese patients with early vocal cord cancer called attention to this problem. Because the larynx is near the thoracic inlet in obese patients, they are not suitable for administration of radiotherapy by accurate opposed lateral portals. The patients reported herein were treated entirely with anterior oblique portals. Of the five obese patients who underwent primary radiation therapy for early vocal cord cancer, three developed recurrent disease (60%) and a fourth developed a severe perichondritis requiring tracheostomy. Two patients with recurrent disease were successfully salvaged with total laryngectomy, while the third patient refused surgery and died 2 years later. The sixth patient was treated by partial laryngectomy with imbrication reconstruction and is alive and without evidence of disease 2 years following surgery.Recurrence rates and complication rates following primary radiation therapy for early vocal cord cancer appear to be unacceptably high in obese patients treated with anterior oblique portals. Therefore, we recommend primary conservation laryngeal surgery for obese patients with early vocal cancer who cannot undergo “standard” radiotherapeutic techniques.
Hypoglossal‐facial nerve anastomosis and electromyographic feedback rehabilitation
Authors: Hammerschlag Paul E. , Brudny Joseph , Cusumano Robert , Cohen Noel L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractElectromyographic (EMG) feedback has been proposed to enhance rehabilitation following hypoglossal‐facial nerve anastomosis. Sixteen of 25 patients who underwent hypoglossal‐facial nerve anastomosis with and without postoperative EMG rehabilitation were videotaped for evaluation of facial movement by four observers unaware of these patients' rehabilitation therapy. Using a House Facial Nerve Grading System and intragroup comparison, a trend discernible in this preliminary study indicates a chance for better facial function with EMG feedback rehabilitation.
Head and neck findings in pediatric acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Authors: Williams Michael A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSince the initial reports of an immune deficiency syndrome affecting certain segments of the adult population (homosexual males, bisexual males, intravenous drug abusers, prostitutes, hemophiliacs, Haitian immigrants), a specific group of pediatric patients with an identical immunologic picture has been identified.This report describes the head and neck findings seen in a group of these pediatric patients. Ninety percent were microsomic. Developmental delay occurred in 90%. Inflammatory ear disease occurred in 80%. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and mucocutaneous candidiasis each occurred in 80%, cortical atrophy in 60%, cervical adenopathy in 40%, and parotid enlargement in 30%. The otolaryngologist may be called upon to evaluate patients with pediatric acquired immune deficiency syndrome (PAIDS), and therefore, should be familiar with the head and neck manifestations of this disease.
Persistence of injectable collagen in the human larynx: A histopathologic study
Authors: Ford Charles N. , Gilchrist Kennedy W. , Bartell Thad E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis is a report of the histologic findings in a human larynx that had undergone collagen injection for glottic insufficiency 14 months prior to autopsy. The patient's management before augmentation with collagen included extended supraglottic laryngectomy, radiation therapy, and Polytel® injection. Connective tissue changes secondary to other forms of treatment were apparent bilaterally and changes limited to the site of collagen injection were identified.There have been reports of persistence of injected collagen in the canine larynx at 1 year but this is the only study documenting persistence in a human subject. The implant appeared homogeneous and was easily distinguished from host collagen and the reactive fibrosis associated with particulate Polytel®. These findings are similar to those observed in the canine model and suggest that there is persistence of injected collagen in the human larynx.
Swimming and tympanostomy tubes: A prospective study
Authors: Becker Gary D. , Eckberg Theodore J. , Goldware Ross R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractTo prevent ear infection, many physicians advise their patients to avoid water after insertion of tympanostomy tubes. This advice is a logical extension of the supposition that contaminated water entering the middle ear through the tube may cause an infection.While tympanostomy tubes have been in widespread use for over 30 years, very few prospective clinical trials have evaluated their use while swimming. This study evaluated 85 patients with tympanostomy tubes divided into three groups: swimming without earplugs, swimming with earplugs, and no swimming. The infection rates were 16%, 30%, and 30% in the three groups, respectively. We conclude that swimming without earplugs does not result in an increased incidence of middle ear infections.
Thyroglossal duct cysts that mimic laryngeal masses
Authors: Slotnick David , Som Peter M. , Giebfried Joseph , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThyroglossal duct cysts are the most common nonodontogenic cysts to occur in the neck, and they often are situated in close proximity to the larynx. Despite this, they almost never present as an intralaryngeal mass. Three cases are cited in which intralaryngeal examination suggested that a larynx lesion was present. In two cases, a submucosal supraglottic mass was seen, while in the third case, the thyroid cartilage was eroded and a laryngeal malignancy was suspected. The role of CT in diagnosing and mapping these tumors is discussed.
On buying a telescope for videolaryngoscopy
Authors: Painter Colin , Komiyama Sohtaro 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to compare aspects of the performance of three widely‐used rigid laryngoscopy telescopes.The Nagashima SFT‐I, Wolf 4450.57, and Karl Storz 8702 D were used with a JVC GX‐N8U camera and Panasonic PV 8600 VCR to make recordings of a one‐tenth‐inch grid at various distances between the lens and the grid and at two telescope holding angles.Measurements were made of the anteroposterior and mediolateral viewing fields at all distances and holding angles on maximum and minimum zoom.The telescopes were compared for viewing field, lens angle effects, holding angle effects, plane distortion effects, effects due to lens distance, color, edge definition, focus control, light source compatibility, stroboscopic use, cross‐sectional diameter, fogging, and cost.An overview enables laryngologists to assess their needs before buying.
Endolymphatic mastoid shunt for meniere's disease: Do results change over time?
Authors: Goldenberg Robert A. , Justus Molly A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIn 1983, results of a 5‐year study using the endolymphatic mastoid shunt for treatment of Meniere's disease were reported. Forty‐eight patients were followed for between 1 and 5 years postoperatively, and 81% obtained satisfactory relief of vertigo. In the present analysis, 24 of these patients responded to a questionnaire, participated in a direct interview, and completed audiometric evaluations at 7 to 11 years after surgery. Eighty‐three percent of these patients reported satisfactory relief of their vertigo. Results for hearing, tinnitus, and limitation of activities also varied little between the initial study and this longer‐term follow‐up. Studies with shorter follow‐up appear valid in predicting longer‐term results. These findings support the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery's recommendation of a 2‐year follow‐up period for reporting results of therapy for Meniere's disease.
Changes in auditory function associated with 2‐cyano‐butyl‐acrylate adhesive implanted in the middle ear of experimental animals
Authors: Zikk Daniel , Rapoport Yoram , Himelfarb Mordechai Z. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe effects on auditory function caused by the implantation of 2‐cyano‐butyl‐acrylate adhesive in the middle ear was investigated in experimental animals. Auditory brain‐stem responses to click stimuli were used to measure hearing thresholds prior to and following implantation of 2‐cyano‐butyl‐acrylate adhesive in the middle ear of guinea pigs. A permanent and deep threshold shift observed at 2 months in 62% of the examined animals, suggested that this tissue adhesive is an ototoxic middle ear implant material and should not be considered in reconstructive middle ear surgery. The functional data correlate well with some of the previous morphological observations.
Conservative management of adult epiglottitis
Authors: Wolf Michael , Strauss Bernardo , Kronenberg Jona , Leventon George 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA 10‐year retrospective study of 30 adults suffering from acute epiglottitis is reported. Two clinical forms of onset were noted: gradual and accelerated. Abscess formation was present in 27% of cases. None of the patients required intubation or tracheotomy. In contrast to the accepted interventionist approach in children, conservative management in adults is recommended.
A technique for reembedding celloidin sections for electron microscopy
Authors: Portmann Didier , Fayad Jose , Wackym Phillip A. , Shiroishi Hiroko , Linthicum Fred H. , Rask‐Andersen Helge 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA new technique for reembedding celloidin sections of human temporal bones for transmission electron microscopy is described. It consists of four steps: 1. loosening of celloidin sections from glass slides with use of xylene and dissection of the area of interest, 2. removal of celloidin with use of clove oil, 3. staining with 1% osmium tetroxide and 1% tannic acid, and 4. embedding in epoxy resin.Autolytic changes were seen due to poor fixation. TEM of reembedded celloidin sections of optimally fixed tissue revealed that the celloidin‐embedding procedure affected ul‐trastructural preservation to some degree. This included less well‐preserved cell membranes and some increased electron density of the cytosol decreasing the EM resolution of intracytoplasmic organelles. The technique allows TEM analysis of the intact labyrinth at all regions in the same specimen without dissection of the fragile tissue components of the membranous labyrinth. This might make the technique useful for processing freshly fixed human inner ear tissue and temporal bones for ultrastructural histo‐pathological analysis.
Orientation of the acetabular component
Authors: Honl M. , Schwieger K. , Salineros M. , Jacobs J. , Morlock M. , Wimmer M. 
Published: September 2006

We compared the orientation of the acetabular component obtained by a conventional manual technique with that using five different navigation systems.Three surgeons carried out five implantations of an acetabular component with each navigation system, as well as manually, using an anatomical model. The orientation of the acetabular component, including inclination and anteversion, and its position was determined using a co-ordinate measuring machine.The variation of the orientation of the acetabular component was higher in the conventional group compared with the navigated group. One experienced surgeon took significantly less time for the procedure. However, his placement of the component was no better than that of the less experienced surgeons. Significantly better inclination and anteversion (p < 0.001 for both) were obtained using navigation. These parameters were not significantly different between the surgeons when using the conventional technique (p = 0.966).The use of computer navigation helps a surgeon to orientate the acetabular component with less variation regarding inclination and anteversion.
Combined femoral and Chiari osteotomies for reconstruction of the painful subluxation or dislocation of the hip in cerebral palsy
Authors: Debnath U. K. , Guha A. R. , Karlakki S. , Varghese J. , Evans G. A. 
Published: September 2006

In order to treat painful subluxation or dislocation secondary to cerebral palsy, 11 patients (12 hips) underwent combined femoral and Chiari pelvic osteotomies with additional soft-tissue releases at a mean age of 14.1 years (9.1 to 17.8). Relief of pain, improvement in movement of the hip, and in sitting posture, and ease of perineal care were recorded in all, and were maintained at a mean follow-up of 13.1 years (8 to 17.5). The improvement in general mobility was marginal, but those who were able to walk benefited the most. The radiological measurements made before operation were modified afterwards to use the lateral margin of the neoacetabulum produced by the pelvic osteotomy. The radiological migration index improved from a mean of 80.6% (61% to 100%) to 13.7% (0% to 33%) (p < 0.0001). The mean changes in centre edge angle and Sharp’s angle were 72° (56° to 87°; p < 0.0001) and 12.3° (9° to 15.6°; p < 0.0001), respectively. Radiological evidence of progressive arthritic change was seen in one hip, in which only a partial reduction had been achieved, and there was early narrowing of the joint space in another. Painless heterotopic ossification was observed in one patient with athetoid quadriplegia. In seven hips the lateral Kawamura approach, elevating the greater trochanter, provided exposure for both osteotomies and allowed the construction of a dome-shaped iliac osteotomy, while protecting the sciatic nerve.
Calcium Channel TRPV6 Expression in Human Duodenum: Different Relationships to the Vitamin D System and Aging in Men and Women
Authors: Walters Julian RF , Balesaria Sara , Chavele Konstantia-Maria , Taylor Vivienne , Berry Jacqueline L , Khair Umma , Barley Natalie F , van Heel David A , Field Jennifer , Hayat Jamal O , Bhattacharjee Abhik , Jeffery Rosemary , Poulsom Richard 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Intestinal absorption of calcium affects bone mineralization and varies greatly. In human duodenum, expression of the calcium channel TRPV6 was directly related to blood 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in men, but effects of age with lower median vitamin D receptor levels were more significant in women.
Introduction: The TRPV6 calcium channel/transporter is implicated in animal studies of intestinal calcium absorption, but in humans, its role and relationship to differences in mineral metabolism is unclear. We aimed to characterize TRPV6 expression in human intestine including defining relationships to the vitamin D endocrine system.
Materials and Methods: TRPV6 transcript expression was determined in endoscopic mucosal biopsies obtained from normal duodenum. Expression was compared with that in ileum and with in situ hybridization in archival tissues and related to sequence variants in genomic DNA. TRPV6 expression was related in 33 subjects to other transcripts involved in calcium absorption including the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and to blood vitamin D metabolites including 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D].
Results: TRPV6 transcripts were readily detected in duodenum but not in ileum. Expression was highest in villous epithelial cells. Sequence variants in the coding and upstream regions of the gene did not affect TRPV6 expression. The relationship between duodenal TRPV6 expression and 1,25(OH)2D differed in men and women. In men, linear regression showed a strong association with 1,25(OH)2D (r = 0.87, p &lt; 0.01), which was unaffected by age. In women, there was no significant overall relationship with 1,25(OH)2D, but there was a significant decrease with age (r = −0.69, p &lt; 0.001). Individual expression of TRPV6 and VDR was significantly correlated. The group of older women (&gt;50) had lower median levels of both TRPV6 and VDR transcripts than younger women (p &lt; 0.001 and 0.02, respectively).
Conclusions: Duodenal TRPV6 expression is vitamin D dependent in men, but not in older women, where expression of TRPV6 and VDR are both reduced. These findings can explain, at least in part, the lower fractional calcium absorption seen in older postmenopausal women.
Change in Lumbar Spine BMD and Vertebral Fracture Risk Reduction in Teriparatide-Treated Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis
Authors: Chen Peiqi , Miller Paul D , Delmas Pierre D , Misurski Derek A , Krege John H 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Increases in lumbar spine BMD account for 30–41% of the vertebral fracture risk reduction with teriparatide treatment. The remaining fracture risk reduction is caused by improvements in non-BMD determinants of bone strength.
Introduction: Changes in BMD account for a small percentage of the fracture risk reduction seen in patients treated with antiresorptive drugs. The relationship between changes in lumbar spine BMD and vertebral fracture risk reduction with teriparatide treatment has not been assessed.
Materials and Methods: The relationship between spine BMD and the risk of new vertebral fractures after teriparatide treatment was assessed using data from the Fracture Prevention Trial. Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (n = 1637) were randomized to placebo or teriparatide 20 or 40 μg/day for a median of 19 months. Spine BMD was assessed at baseline and 18 months. Vertebrae whose fracture status changed during the trial were removed from the calculation of BMD. Baseline and endpoint lateral spine radiographs were assessed using a visual semiquantitative technique.
Results: Both the baseline and change in spine BMD were contributors to vertebral fracture risk. The mean spine BMD increase in teriparatide-treated patients was 0.09 g/cm2 across tertiles of baseline spine BMD. Compared with placebo, teriparatide significantly reduced the risk of new vertebral fracture for all endpoint BMD values. Teriparatide-mediated increases in spine BMD accounted for 30% (in the low baseline spine BMD tertile) to 41% (in the high baseline spine BMD tertile) of the reduction in vertebral fracture risk.
Conclusions: Increases in BMD account for approximately one third of the vertebral fracture risk reduction seen with teriparatide. The majority of the risk reduction, however, results from improvements in non-BMD determinants of bone strength.