bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dunedin Mayoral Election
Authors: HORTON STEPHEN 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTIn an electoral upset in 1995 Dunedin elected its first woman and first Sikh mayor. This paper argues that the symbolic discourse of the mayoral election confronted the Dunedin electorate with the question of ‘fairness’ or equity in the city. Turner's victory signalled the symbolic rejection by a plurality of voters of the ruling neo‐liberal political economy of Dunedin. In the same election the incumbent council, in a political reproduction of the ruling order, was returned. The paper explores this contradiction. It concludes that Dunedin's struggle for a new ruling political alliance necessary to combat a stagnant city economy has just begun.
Promoting Business Networks
Authors: GOLDFINCH SEAN , PERRY MARTIN 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTInterest in the role cooperative networks can play in small business development is increasing. Evidence from a survey of three network promoting small business associations based in three different cities is examined and a number of different ways the agencies could deliver their services are suggested. Two networking initiatives by the New Zealand Trade Development Board are then considered. It is concluded that individual networking initiatives need to be developed and evaluated as part of a broad policy push to facilitate the development of an environment more conducive to business cooperation.
Constructing (Bi)cultural Geographies: Research on, and with, People of the Hokianga District
Authors: ROBINA KEARNS  
Published: May 2008

AbstractA decade of interest and involvement in health service provision in the Hokianga district provides the opportunity to reflect critically on issues of research practice. The bicultural character of this district has prompted a (reforming of research relations through an acknowledgement of embodiment and positioning as well as through the selective recasting of the research process through inclusion of concepts from te reo Maori.
Responsible Geographies: Co‐oreating Knowledge in Aotearoa
Authors: MCCLEAN ROBERT , BERG LAWRENCE D. , ROCHE MICHAEL M. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTWe examine in this paper the potential for (reforming the relations of social scientific research in Aotearoa. Drawing upon our experience of undertaking historical geographical research with and for Ngati‐Toa Rangatira, we argue for the need to develop responsible geographies in Aotearoa. We suggest that the metaphors of ‘crossing borders’ and ‘building structures’ might offer one route into the development of such a responsible geography.
‘Going Nuts’: Re‐presenting Pregnant Women
Authors: LONGHURST ROBYN 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis paper is based mainly on the stories of 31 women who were living in Hamilton, Aotearoa/New Zealand between 1992 and 1994 and were pregnant for the first time. The majority of these women claimed that they tended to withdraw from public places (for example, night clubs, bars, pubs, restaurants, cafes) and from public activities (for example, sport, leisure, and paid employment) as their pregnancy progressed. 1 argue that this withdrawal can, at least in part, be linked to a discourse that suggests pregnant women are ‘poverly’ emotional, irrational and frequently forget things. Their bodily and mental ‘difference’ is naturalised through discourse and used to disqualify them from stepping ‘objectively’ and ‘dispassionately’ into the public sphere and engaging in ‘public affairs’.
Stereotypical Constructions of the Maori ‘Race’ in the Media1
Authors: Wall Melanie 
Published: May 2008

AbstractSince the colonisation of Aotearoa / New Zealand by Pakeha, Maori have been stereotypically imagined as the Black Other. One of the principal mechanisms for the continued perpetuation of this racialised discourse is the representation of ‘race’ through stereotypes in the media. ‘New’ cultural geography provides a theoretical foundation to interrogate stereotypical (re)formations of Maori identity. I conclude that the use of the stereotype in the (re)formation of Maori identity further demarcates and constrains Maori within the perennial position of the Black Other. Only through a retheorisation of difference (which moves beyond the construction of the Maori ‘race’ through stereotypes), can the impact of racialisation be effectively resisted.
Environmental Politics in New Zealand/ Aotearoa: Clashes and Commonality Between Māoridom and Environmentalists
Authors: GILLESPIE ALEXANDER 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTIt has long been assumed that Māori1, like many other indigenous peoples, have utilised ecologically sustainable practices. However, over recent years a chasm has developed between many conservationists and various Māori groupings as environmental objectives and philosophies have come into conflict. This article seeks to examine this chasm, and then move towards an understanding about what may really be the basis of the claim for sustainable practices in this area.
Another Landscape of Despair? Charting the ‘Service‐Dependent Ghetto’ in Dunedin
Authors: LAW ROBIN , GLEESON BRENDAN 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTDeinstitutionalisation of psychiatric patients since the 1980s has introduced a new population and a new land use to New Zealand's urban areas. This paper reviews the geography of deinstitutionalisation, and investigates whether the North American phenomenon of a service‐dependent ghetto can be identified in Dunedin.
Prospects for the New Zealand Geographer Seeking a Lectureship in Britain
Authors: Newnham Rewi M. 
Published: May 2008

SummaryDuring 1993 advertised geography lectureships in British Universities reached unusually high levels, most probably due to major structural changes in tertiary education and the provision of funding attached to research ranking, superimposed on the general trends of increasing student numbers and an ageing academic population. As the research assessment exercise takes place every four years, and the new academic league tables have just been published, it is predicted that a similar surge in advertised lectureships will occur during 1997 and 1978.Research active New Zealand geographers are well placed to capitalise on this projected recruitment phase, which is likely to peak between April and July and again in November. Some specialist subjects within the discipline are in greater demand than others although their popularity may change over time. Many of the traditional obstacles that have in the past discouraged New Zealanders from targetting an academic position in Britain are now more perceived than real.
An Indicator of Our Pressure on the Land: New Zealand's Ecological Footprint
Authors: BICKNELL KATHRYN B. , BALL RICHARD J. , CULLEN ROSS , BIGSBY HUGH R. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTSustainability has become a primary goal for much of the legislation which governs resource management in New Zealand. A major difficulty associated with sustainable development objectives, however, is the absence of reliable indicators to measure progress towards the goal of sustainability. The ‘ecological footprint’ provides an estimate of the amount of ecologically productive land required on a continuous basis to sustain current levels of resource consumption and waste assimilation for a given population. By comparing the ecological footprint of a community with the amount of land available, we can more clearly determine whether our current consumption patterns are likely to be sustainable.This paper explores the use of ecological footprint analysis within a New Zealand context. Modifications to the existing procedure for calculating an ecological footprint are proposed, and estimates based on the modified procedures are presented for New Zealand.
Transforming the City: People, Property and Identity in Millennial Auckland
Authors: MURPHY LAURENCE , FRIESEN WARDLOW , KEARNS ROBIN A. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTDeveloping on the ‘global’ and ‘postmodern’ cities literatures, this paper sets out a research agenda for exploring the nature of urban transformation in contemporary Auckland. Focusing on the recursive relationship between global and local processes, we examine emerging socio‐demographic and cultural processes at work in the city. Our research agenda addresses three themes: emerging ethnoscapes, the creation and reproduction of residential landscapes, and the examination of consumption sites and practices.
Agricultural Restructuring and Response: Inter‐relationships Between Farm Adjustment Strategies in Waihemo, 1984–1997
Authors: JOHNSEN SARAH 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTFarm households in New Zealand have responded to the changing political and economic environment since the mid‐1980s in a variety of ways. This paper explores the various farm adjustment strategies adopted by farm households in Waihemo (East Otago) and ways in which these influence both the household and enterprise domains of the family farm unit. It examines the complex interrelationships between specific farm adjustments, drawing attention to the ways in which these are redefining the nature of family farming in the area.
Rationalising Hospital Services: Reflections on Hospital Restructuring and its Impacts in New Zealand
Authors: ROSSBARNETT J. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates recent patterns of hospital restructuring in New Zealand and discusses the extent to which emerging forms of governance and changes in hospital provision conform to Jessop's (1994) idea of the ‘hollowed out’ state. The paper places the 1993 reforms within their historical context and examines processes of decentralisation, downsizing, privatisation and cost shifting within the hospital sector. It concludes with a discussion of some of the implications of hospital restructuring for regions, communities and their medical care providers and lays out some of the key questions which should rank high on the geographical research agenda.
Dealing with Ambiguity: On the Interdependence of Change in Agriculture and Rural Communities
Authors: JOSEPH ALUNE , UDGARD JACQUELINE M. , BEDFORD RICHARD 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThe well‐established linkages between the fortunes of agriculture and rural communities that have characterised the histories of rural areas in New Zealand and elsewhere have been severely challenged over the past two decades. Some commentators have posited a de‐coupling of the two sectors. This paper explores evolving farm and rural community interactions in New Zealand, first with reference to a descriptive model and second with reference to the lived experiences of rural residents in two Central North Island communities, Taumarunui and Tirau. The key finding from the research is that the distinction between de‐coupling and re‐linking while conceptually appealing is empirically problematic as observed trends suggest a complex and ambiguous mixture of both.
2001: Reflections on the Spatial Odysseys of New Zealanders
Authors: BEDFORD RICHARD 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT‘Brain drain’ has been one of the abiding topics of public debate during 2000. Emigration of New Zealanders much more than immigration of new settlers has dominated discourses about international migration, even though for much of the year the country experienced overall net migration gains rather than net losses. This paper addresses the migration of New Zealanders with reference to both the international shortage of skilled labour, especially ‘white’ English speaking labour, and the growing debate about ‘replacement’ migration. The gradual recognition, both by politicians and academics, of a ‘New Zealand diaspora’ is examined.
Ecological Crises or Marginal Disruptions: the Effects of the First Humans on Pacific Islands
Authors: NUNN PATRICK D. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThere is considerable debate concerning the effects of the first humans on the environments of the Pacific Islands. Much disagreement has arisen because of the differing techniques used to fix the time when the first humans arrived on particular islands. There is also considerable discussion about how stable, at a variety of timescales, Pacific Island environments were in the absence (or presence) of humans. John Flenley has proposed that archaeological dates significantly underestimate the times of initial human arrival on many Pacific Islands, the most accurate estimates of which come from palynological analyses. This paper offers some support to this view, from consideration of reef‐growth hiatuses in Fiji, yet doubts that initial human arrivals were coincident with ecological crises. There is considerable evidence that natural climate changes, particularly short‐term ones, caused major ecological and environmental disruptions on Pacific Islands, during both their pre‐ and post‐settlement histories, and that human arrival was marked in most cases by only marginal disruptions.
Fragmented Urban Spaces? Ethnic Residential Areas in New Zealand Cities, 1996
Authors: JOHNSTON RON , POULSEN MICHAEL , FORREST JAMES 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTResidential segregation of ethnic groups is a major feature of cities in multi‐cultural societies such as New Zealand's. Measuring the degree of segregation has been the focus of much attention over the last half century, but there are difficulties with comparative studies using most of the measures adopted. An alternative procedure which classifies residential areas according to a homogeneity‐heterogeneity continuum is applied here to 1996 census small‐scale data for each of New Zealand's 33 main urban areas, to identify the degree of segregation of various ethnic groups. It reports that most New Zealanders from all ethnic groups (defined by self‐identity) live in mixed rather than exclusive residential areas. The main ethnic enclaves/ghettos are occupied by Maori and Pacific Islanders, and are entirely concentrated in the North Island, especially in urban areas which have substantial Polynesian populations.
Revitalising Local Economic Development‐New Zealand Policy and Practice
Authors: MANSVELT JULIANA 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTIn common with many other advanced capitalist nations, the rolling back of the state in New Zealand has seen a decline in direct state intervention in heal and regional economies. Yet since 2000 the current Labour Coalition Government has sought to promote a renaissance in economic development at local and regional scales. A survey of New Zealand territorial local authorities indicates involvement in heal economic development (LED) is a recent phenomenon involving facilitation of outside agencies which is orientated toward tourist, advisory and promotional activities. The implications of these findings for future research in an environment of ‘revitalised’ policy and practice in the New Zealand context is explored.
Measuring and Reporting Changing Public Access to and Along the Coast
Authors: CLARK E L , HILTON M J 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTPublic access to and along the coast is identified as a matter of national importance in the Resource Management Act 1991. Despite this, few local authorities have started to monitor public access to and along the coast. The adoption of two indicators of public coastal access by the Ministry for the Environment deserves closer analysis ‐ how can local authorities implement those indicators as part of their section 35 responsibilities? Research carried out in Otago in 1999 examined the effectiveness of five indicators of public coastal access. This research concluded that one of the Ministry's indicators is a good measure of public access, but it could be extended to include other factors that influence public access.
Globalisation and New Zealand: Anchoring the Leviathan in a Regional Context
Authors: BARAGWANATH LUCY , MCALOON JIM , PERKINS HARVEY 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTDespite its ambiguity and contentiousness, the term globalisation is widely used in New Zealand, as it is elsewhere, in analyses of contemporary times. Yet the concept of globalisation is frequently invoked at a high level of generality with little consideration of the specificities of the particular contexts to which it is applied; and in the case of New Zealand, the notion seems incongruous in many respects. We therefore seek to anchor the notion in the regional context of Canterbury, where our historical and ethnographic research leads us to suggest that globalisation is a misleading and contentious description of contemporary New Zealand. As a set of discourses, however, globalisation is pervasive and powerful. The contemporary policy climate strongly reflects the hegemonic discourse of hyperglobalism, which emphasises generic globality, novelty and change at the expense of continuity and the particularity of place, limiting the possibilities for action. Thus while empirically, many parallels with the past persist, nevertheless, contemporary policy‐makers understand New Zealand's options as determined by globalisation as an external force. This contrasts with past policy discourses which emphasised the scope for domestic decision‐making, within the context of inextricable connections with the outside world. Our emphasis on the discursive construction of the globalisation imperative draws attention to possible alternative interpretations of New Zealand's contemporary options.
Realistic Sustainability? Urban Transport Planning in Wellington, New Zealand
Authors: DODSON JAGO , MEES PAUL 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTUrban transport systems have key roles in supporting environmental sustainability. New Zealand's transport planning arrangements are promoted as a model by agencies such as the World Bank. This paper explores the New Zealand transport planning framework using a case study of the Wellington region's strategic balancing of transport modes and projects. The paper argues that despite some positive rhetoric, concerns about the sustainability of transport planning in Wellington remain. The paper concludes by discussing the need to reassess New Zealand's national framework, and identifies some directions for reform.
Mudslides Developed on Waitemata Group Rocks, Tawharanui Peninsula, North Auckland
Authors: MOON VICKI , LANGE ANDREW DE , LANGE WILLEM DE 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTOn Tawharanui Peninsula mudslides occur in soils developed on Waitemata Group flysch similar to that underlying much of the Auckland metropolitan area. Mudslides are shallow soil failures with a bowlshaped source area, an elongated track, and an accumulation zone. Movement may continue for decades to centuries. Modelling suggests that failure of saturated soils occurs along a basal surface defined by the regolith / bedrock contact; rates of movement and time of initiation have not been established. Reactivation or increased mobility of mudslides due to climatic change represents an increased hazard for infrastructure in Auckland City.
Moved by the Company ‐ International Migrants and Transnational Organisations
Authors: PERRY MARTIN 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTLabour markets are generally thought to have become more integrated across international boundaries. Employees that move between branches of transnational organisations are a potential contributor to this integration. Interviews with human resources managers in 33 New Zealand‐based organisations indicate that the number of employees transferred is small and likely to decrease as corporate functions are transferred from New Zealand to regional offices.
Surface Moisture Availability and Rock Weathering in Cold Climates
Authors: Elliott Christine 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThe importance of moisture in determining which rock weathering processes may operate, as well as the rate at which rock weathering occurs, has long been recognised. However, little is known about how often or when moisture is available to the rock surface, or for how long the surface may be wetted. This paper gives some initial results from current research on granite rocks in Antarctica. Recordings of surface moisture, for two aspects and three locations in Victoria Land, show that moisture reaches the rock surface more frequently than might initially have been expected in this dry climate. The number of occasions the surface is wetted, and the quantity of moisture the surface received, varied with aspect and time of year. Rock surfaces could be wet for up to 40% of the time during the summer months. This has important implications for rock weathering where some processes are deemed not to operate, or to operate in very restricted locations, due to the apparent absence of moisture.
(Trans)national Bodies, (Trans)national Languages and the Transformation of Local Urban Space
Authors: Collins Francis Leo 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses some of the ways that international students, particularly those from East Asia, are involved in the transformation of urban space in Auckland City. Using existing economic reports, local media accounts and the author's initial observations, the paper identifies how the embodied and linguistic practices of international students are involved in the changing landscapes of Auckland's inner city. This cursory reading serves to identify a research agenda and to reflect upon some key theoretical textxs. The insights of Arjun Appadurai, Michael Peter Smith and Ulrich Beck are used to suggest that the changes in Auckland, whilst certainly local, are also influenced fry factors that emerge from beyond the borders of international students' origin communities, cities and nations.
Placing Geographical Imagination in Film: New Zealand Filmmakers' Use of Landscape
Authors: Heron Erena Le 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThe paper explores the role of landscape in New Zealand films. How is the New Zealand landscape imagined and revealed? What kind of landscape do filmmakers present? I argue that New Zealand filmmakers tap into specific geographical imaginations when they make films, and that this results in certain kinds of landscapes being produced. I sketch the methodology used in a survey of New Zealand films and ‘read’ a selection of opening and closing sequences and ‘generic places’ found in a selection of contemporary New Zealand films. 1 then offer some conclusions about New Zealand films, and their production, portrayal and imagining of New Zealand.
Downstream Fining and Sorting of Gravel Clasts in the Braided Rivers of mid‐Canterbury, New Zealand
Authors: Browne Greg 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTGravel clast size dimensions have been determined in the Rakaia, Ashburton, and Rangitata rivers by measuring 100 clasts at representative sample locations along each river. In all rivers, gravel size decreases and sorting improves downstream for mean, D50, and D90 fractions of the bed material. Clast size entering the sea is similar in all rivers (30–40 mm b‐axis dimension), despite large variations in transport distance, input size of clasts at their gorges, and discharge. The greatest size reduction occurs in the Rangitata River which has the shortest transport distance and steepest gradient. Rates of downstream clast size reduction are greater than would be assumed from Sternberg's Law, suggesting that additional factors, other than physical abrasion, such as sorting and selective entrainment operate.
Restructuring Governance of New Zealand Seaports: Geographical Impacts of Corporatisation
Authors: Memon Ali , Milne Markus J. , Selsky John W. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTThis study examines the rationales for and geographical outcomes of the post 1988 changes in port governance in New Zealand and their implications from a policy perspective. The study offers insights into the interrelationship between global processes and local places in the context of economic deregulation, a devolved infrastructure planning mandate and intra‐industry competitive dynamics. A trend towards port concentration consequent on globalisation has been long recognised in the international literature. In New Zealand, the trend towards port concentration can be described as selective, limited primarily to import trade while export trade is more dispersed. This new port geography is part of wider political and socio‐economic development geographies of the national and global hinterlands and forelands these ports interact with.