bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Balance and Life Satisfaction in Parents of Children With Autism
Authors: Yazici Gülşah Zengin , Yildirim Kardelen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHaving a child with disabilities can affect occupational balance, which is a known risk factor for health and well‐being. The objective of this study was to examine the occupational balance and life satisfaction of parents of children with autism and neurotypical development in Turkey.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study included 140 parents of children with autism and 140 parents of children with typical neurodevelopment. The occupational balance of parents was evaluated using the Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire‐11 (OBQ11‐T), while their life satisfaction was assessed using the Contentment with Life Scale (CLAS).ResultsA significant difference was observed between the groups with regard to the OBQ11‐T total score and the scores of Items 4 and 9 (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant discrepancy was observed in the CLAS total scores between the two groups. A positive correlation was observed between the OBQ11‐T and CLAS total scores of parents of children with autism (r = 0.875; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings suggest that occupational therapists should support parents of children with autism by addressing the balance between obligatory and discretionary activities, as well as the connections between work, home, family, leisure, rest and sleep. Assessing life satisfaction and its influencing factors is also essential. Therapists should implement tailored interventions to promote roles, routines and occupational participation, ultimately improving life satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of targeted strategies to enhance occupational balance and well‐being. Future research should explore causal mechanisms through longitudinal and interventional studies to deepen understanding and improve outcomes.
The Relationship Between Family Functioning and Depressive Symptoms in Primary School Children: The Mediating Role of Friendship Quality and the Moderating Role of Teacher–Student Relationship
Authors: Yang Qin , Ai Yachun , Chi Yan , Guo Xuanru , Liu Shuangjin , Qi Qi , Hu Yiqiu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study drew on social ecosystem theory, the comprehensive model of family socialization and the multiple‐attachment theory to explore three key aspects: the association between family functioning and depressive symptoms in primary school children, the mediating role of friendship quality and the moderating role of teacher–student relationship in these associations.MethodsA total of 1024 students in Grades 4 through 6 from five schools in Hunan Province were surveyed using the Short Form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Family Caring Index Questionnaire, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire (FQQ) and teacher–student relationship Subscale of the ‘My Class’ questionnaire.Results(1) Depressive symptoms were significantly negatively correlated with family functioning, friendship quality, and teacher–student relationship. (2) Family functioning was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in primary school children. (3) Friendship quality mediated the relationship between family functioning and depressive symptoms. (4) Teacher–student relationship moderated the relationship between family functioning and friendship quality, as well as between friendship quality and depressive symptoms in primary school children.ConclusionsEffective family functioning was significantly associated with improved friendship quality in primary school children, which in turn was associated with lower depressive symptoms. This association was further strengthened by a positive teacher–student relationship. These findings provide valuable insights for developing collaborative interventions within the family–school framework to address childhood depression.
In Vitro Assessment of the Potential Effect of Vertical Peri‐Implant Soft Tissue Thickness on Nonsurgical and Surgical Implant Surface Decontamination Methods
Authors: Rahner Annika , Eickholz Peter , Gueth Jan‐Frederik , Zahn Tuǧba , Dahmer Iulia , Petsos Hari 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesIn vitro analysis of the influence of vertical peri‐implant soft tissue thickness (STT) on nonsurgical and surgical implant surface decontamination efficacy.Material and MethodsA total of 360 implants were dipped in indelible color to imitate biofilm contamination, distributed to 30°, 60° or 90° angulated bone defect models and in subgroups of 40 assigned to a decontamination method (CUR: curette; SOSC: soundscaler; APA: air powder abrasion). Of these, 20 were subjected to a simulated STT of 1.5 or 3.0 mm, of which 10 were cleaned within a nonsurgical (NST) or surgical (ST) treatment. Uncleaned implant surface was determined by photographs. Surface changes were assessed using scanning electron micrographs (SEM).ResultsThe overall cleaning efficacy decreased significantly (APA > SOSC > CUR, p < 0.001). Cleaning efficacy failed to show a significant difference between both STTs (STT1.5: 63.68%, STT3.0: 63.26%; p = 0.877). Within respective STT, cleaning efficacy differed depending on the method and the approach (STT1.5: CUR: p = 0.169, SOSC: p = 0.004, APA: p < 0.001; STT3.0: CUR p < 0.001, SOSC: p < 0.001, APA: p < 0.001; STT1.5/NST, CUR: 82.34%, SOSC: 74.98%, APA: 93.60%; STT1.5/ST, CUR: 79.85%, SOSC: 65.37%, APA: 50.12%; STT3.0/NST, CUR: 83.19%, SOSC: 70.85%, APA: 92.31%; STT3.0/ST, CUR: 80.00%, SOSC: 64.61%, APA: 46.49%). Analysis of variance revealed significant associations of color remnants with the approach, the method used, and the defect angulation (p < 0.001). SEMs showed less surface damages after use of APA.ConclusionsIn this In Vitro study no statistically significant influence of STT on the efficacy of surface decontamination could be detected. Treatment method, defect angle and approach were confirmed as predictors for the cleaning efficacy.
Large‐Scale Production of Expandable Hepatoblast Organoids and Polarised Hepatocyte Organoids From hESCs Under 3D Static and Dynamic Suspension Conditions
Authors: Wu Haibin , Wang Jue , Liu Shoupei , Wang Yiyu , Tang Xianglian , Xie Jinghe , Wang Ning , Shan Huanhuan , Chen Sen , Zhang Xueyan , Zeng Weiping , Chen Chuxin , Fu Yinjie , Lai Liangxue , Duan Yuyou 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo date, generating viable and functional hepatocytes in large scale remains challenge. By employing 3D suspension condition with the support of low concentration Matrigel, a novel culture system was developed to generate expandable hepatoblast organoids (HB‐orgs) and mature polarised hepatocyte organoids (P‐hep‐orgs) from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in both dishes and bioreactors. scRNA‐seq and functional assays were used to characterise HB‐orgs and P‐hep‐orgs. hESC‐derived HB‐orgs could proliferate at least for 15 passages, leading to 1012 in total cells in 4 weeks. P‐hep‐orgs differentiated from HB‐orgs displayed characteristics of mature hepatocytes with polarisation. Moreover, single‐cell RNA sequencing exhibited that over 40% of cells in P‐hep‐orgs were highly fidelity with human primary hepatocytes. Eventually, large‐scale production of P‐hep‐orgs could be generated from massively expanded HB‐orgs within 1 week with similar number in bioreactors, which were achieved by the enhancements in energy metabolism contribute to the expansion of HB‐orgs and maturation of P‐hep‐orgs in bioreactors. By providing a cost‐efficient and robust platform, our study represents a significant step toward manufacturing large‐scale functioning hESC‐derived hepatocytes for cell‐based therapeutics, disease modelling, pharmacology and toxicology studies.
Risk Factors for Prognosis of Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Anlotinib Treatment: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xie Congyi , Chen Jinzhan , Yang Shuwen , Ye Feiyang , Lin Zhenyang , Xu Yijiao , Yang Yimin , Tong Lin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeAnlotinib is widely used in the treatment of lung cancer. However, there remains a lack of predictive biomarkers to effectively gauge the response to anlotinib therapy. We conducted a retrospective study to preliminarily explore potential risk factors that might predict outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing anlotinib treatment.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed lung cancer patients treated with anlotinib at our hospital between 1 June 2018 and 1 June 2021. Data were gathered from electronic medical records. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were described. Predictive factors related to treatment efficacy were preliminarily analyzed using Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, clinical stage IV (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.52, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–5.82, p = 0.0311), N‐terminal fragment brain natriuretic peptides (NT‐pro‐BNP) > 300 pg/mL (HR = 2.54, 95% CI, 1.17–5.52, p = 0.0183), and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) > 16.3 ng/mL (HR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.03–2.81, p = 0.0389) were associated with shorter OS, whereas age (HR = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.94–0.99, p = 0.0055) was associated with a longer PFS in fully adjusted model. Kaplan–Meier analyses of cumulative risk factors (clinical stage IV, NT‐pro‐BNP > 300 pg/mL, and NSE > 16.3 ng/mL) indicated that patients with a greater number of coexisting risk factors had significantly shorter OS (p < 0.0001).ConclusionClinical stage IV, NT‐pro‐BNP level, and NSE level were identified as independent prognostic factors for lung cancer patients undergoing anlotinib treatment. Patients with multiple high‐risk factors may derive limited benefit from anlotinib.
Identifying Spatial Patterns of Egg Nursery Habitat for a Demersal Shark in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Conservation and Management Implications
Authors: López Miguel , Clavel‐Henry Morane , Bahamon Nixon , Vigo Maria , Balcells Marc , Sánchez‐Márquez Antoni , Navarro Joan , Company Joan B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimOviparous elasmobranchs lay benthic eggs with long incubation periods, many of which also require habitat‐forming sessile organisms for their development. However, they are threatened by bottom‐trawling fishing impacts. Here, we aimed to identify the suitable habitat distribution of small‐spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) egg nursery areas, assess their current protection extent by an existing no‐take MPA network and their coverage by other delimited spatial‐based conservation areas.LocationBalearic Sea, northwestern Mediterranean.MethodsEgg cases were collected over 5 years (2018–2022) by a bottom‐trawling monitoring programme along the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. We used these occurrences and various environmental variables (bathymetry, slope, sea bottom temperature, sea bottom dissolved oxygen and seabed type) to model the habitat suitability of egg nurseries for the species using maximum entropy modelling.ResultsSea bottom temperature was the most important variable explaining habitat suitability of egg nurseries. Small‐spotted catshark eggs were found either attached to or in the same samples as various species of habitat‐forming sessile organisms. We found only 3.6% (381 km2) of the modelled suitable egg nursery habitat in the Balearic Sea to be currently covered by an implemented no‐take MPA network. At the same time, 52% of said MPAs are inadvertently protecting suitable egg nursery habitats (and their associated benthic community), as they were not initially planned with elasmobranchs as conservation targets. Important shark and ray areas (ISRA‐IUCN) were also observed to cover egg nursery habitat (4502 km2 or 15.52%) within their boundaries.Main ConclusionsWhile half of the current MPA surface is providing protection to this elasmobranch species' egg nursery areas and their associated benthic communities, they are not sufficient for their conservation. However, mapping the distributions of these essential fish habitats can help towards the 2030 European conservation target of ‘strictly protecting’ 10% of marine environments.
Sankofa; Look Back, Side‐eye the Future
Authors: OFORI SASHA 
Published: February 2025

PechaKucha Presentation AbstractThis PechaKucha is an invitation into my journey, probing questions such as: What is the true meaning of empathy; self‐empathy. How does it manifest, especially in the African context? How do I safeguard my well‐being while being fully present for those I serve and work with? What lessons from my experience of being a full‐time caregiver can inform my approach to “empathy” as researcher? This a practical inquiry of a researcher; researching from within using methodologies inherent to our work to initiate these conversations. Because, in looking back and reflecting within ‐ we might have a glimpse of the future ahead.
A Life Model for Very High Cycle Fatigue Under Rolling Contact Loading and Its Application in Shattered Rim of Railway Wheels
Authors: Gao Pengcheng , Liu Xiaolong , Zhang Sijin , Ma Deqing , Luo Kelian , Wang Wenjing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA life model for very high cycle fatigue under rolling contact loading (VRCF) and its application in shattered rim of railway wheels were investigated in this study. A model was proposed to describe the relationship among fatigue life, material hardness, inclusion size, and location in VRCF, by combining the Lunberg–Palmgren model and Murakami model. A typical VRCF behavior of shattered rim with a crack initiated from the interior inclusion and fatigue life of more than 107 cycles was identified. The predicted results obtained from the VRCF model showed good agreement with the real shattered rims.
Modelling Urbanisation in Cities in the Global South: A Review of Progress and Framework for the Future
Authors: Agyemang Felix S. K. , Sahana Mehebub 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOver the past several decades, urbanisation has been a key feature of cities in the Global South, and many scholars have used urban expansion models as tools to not only study this phenomenon, but to also predict likely evolution of cities in the region. Yet, there is limited knowledge of how urbanisation in the Global South has been modelled. In this study, we examine how urbanisation has been modelled in cities in the Global South, highlighting progress made and identifying key emerging issues for future research. Based on a review of 149 articles, we find an increasing preference for hybrid models that combine simple modelling approaches with more complex deep learning approaches. However, the advantages of hybrid approaches over stand‐alone models in terms of prediction power has not been strongly established in the literature. We also find that most of the applications do not directly account for the social processes that generate the urban expansion patterns we observe in the region. As a result, the validation of most models has been limited to the ‘where’ (locations) and ‘when’ (time) and not the ‘who’ (socio‐economic characteristics of occupants of location at a given point in time). The application of the models is highly localised as most studies do not model more than one city. This review could serve as a foundation for improving how urbanisation is modelled in the Global South.
Political Instrumentalism and Epistemic Communities in Global Governance a Network Analysis of the International Organization for Migration
Authors: Lacatus Corina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGlobal governance systems, including international organizations (IOs), turn to academic experts to achieve a variety of policy‐related outcomes. Existing scholarship offers valuable insights into the two main functions of expertise for international organizations–instrumental and symbolic. I draw on network analysis to propose a third function–political instrumentalism–where IOs use experts' degree of connectedness to other actors to exert influence in politicized areas of policymaking and in domestic contexts in which they are less well‐networked. To this end, IOs foster epistemic communities through networks that have the characteristics of small‐world and scale‐free networks. I illustrate this with a descriptive network analysis of the International Organization for Migration's work in migrant health. Analyzing data from IOM documentation (2016–2022), I find that IOM fosters a complex (small world and scale‐free) network through an epistemic community in which academics and researchers hold powerful positions. These positions in the network can help to serve political instrumental purposes to expand IOM's influence and visibility in domestic environments in a highly politicized area of policymaking–migrant health.
The Utility of Vascular Access Intervention via the Distal Radial Artery Approach in Hemodialysis Patients With Vascular Dysfunction
Authors: Watanabe Shingo , Masuda Ryo , Usui Michio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough case reports exist on vascular access intervention through the distal radial artery approach, there is a dearth of clinical studies reporting its safety and clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the safety and long‐term outcomes of vascular access intervention utilizing the distal radial artery approach.MethodsPatients who underwent forearm arteriovenous fistula vascular access intervention at our hospital were divided into two groups: The distal radial artery approach (DRA group, N = 46) and the outflow vein approach (Vein group, N = 122). Patient characteristics, procedure results (procedure success rate, contrast medium dose, fluoroscopy dose), and one‐year primary patency rates were compared between the two groups.FindingsThe procedure success rate was 100% in both groups. The DRA group demonstrated significantly lower contrast medium dose, fluoroscopy dose, and fluoroscopy time compared to the Vein group. No bleeding complications, arterial occlusion, or steal syndrome occurred in the DRA group. There was no significant difference in the one‐year primary patency rate between the two groups.DiscussionVascular access intervention utilizing the distal radial artery approach offers benefits in reducing contrast medium and fluoroscopy dose compared to the outflow vein approach. Moreover, it demonstrates acceptable safety and patency rates.
Impact of the revised Japanese indication criteria for deceased donor liver transplantation on liver cirrhotic patients of Child–Pugh classification B with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Seki Akihiro , Yamashita Tatsuya , Terashima Takeshi , Nakanuma Shinichi , Okazaki Mitsuyoshi , Kido Hidenori , Nishitani Masaki , Miyazawa Masaki , Takata Noboru , Hayashi Tomoyuki , Nakagawa Hidetoshi , Horii Rika , Nio Kouki , Yamada Shinya , Takatori Hajime , Shimakami Tetsuro , Honda Masao , Yagi Shintaro , Yamashita Taro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of the revised deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) criteria on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients newly eligible under the Child–Pugh classification B (CP‐B), by focusing on the prognosis and the risk of HCC recurrence beyond the Japan criteria while on the waiting list.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on 1155 patients diagnosed with HCC at Kanazawa University Hospital between 2006 and 2021. Prognosis and recurrence were analyzed for patients eligible for DDLT under the revised criteria.ResultsOf the 1155 patients, 57 (4.9%) were eligible for DDLT according to the revised criteria. Five patients who underwent liver transplantation had a better prognosis compared to others who received treatments like radiofrequency ablation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Patients with Child–Pugh score (CP) score of 7, a single tumor, and low des‐γ‐carboxy prothrombin (DCP) levels had favorable outcomes without transplantation, although long‐term survival was superior with transplantation. However, 27.5% of eligible patients experienced recurrence or death within 30 months, which might disqualify them from DDLT. A scoring algorithm was developed based on CP score ≥8, multiple tumors, and DCP > 100 IU/dL. Patients with scores of 1 or 2 had 5‐year survival rates of 40% and 30%, respectively, and most would meet the Japan criteria after 30 months. For patients with a score of 3, living donor liver transplantation should be prioritized.ConclusionsThe revised DDLT criteria improve access to transplantation for CP‐B patients with HCC, but the risk of progression or recurrence during the waiting period remains. Careful evaluation, bridging therapies, and continuous assessment are crucial for optimal outcomes.
‘I Shouldn't Really Be Here’: University Students' Perceptions and Experiences of Transitioning to University With a Contextual Offer Admission
Authors: Bagnall Charlotte L. , James Lucy A. , Skipper Yvonne 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUniversities may offer students from disadvantaged personal or socioeconomic contexts a lower threshold for entry compared to students from a more stable or affluent background; this is termed a contextual offer. Examples may include having a health condition, disability or living and going to school in a less affluent area. While there has been extensive debate on how to enact these offers, the experiences of students who attend university with a contextual offer have been lacking in the literature. In this study, we interviewed five students from two UK Universities to explore their experiences of transitioning to university with a contextual offer. Data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Our findings suggest that students felt that their offer had given them opportunities they would not have had, which not only raised their ambitions and expectations but also negatively impacted their self‐belief as many students worried about their academic abilities. Students also discussed how their contextual offer had negatively impacted their sense of belonging, both academically and socially, at university, leading to feelings of difference and lower self‐efficacy; however, these feelings were ameliorated by knowing others with contextual offers. Finally, students felt that there was a need for greater awareness of contextual offers to reduce stigma and ensure that others could benefit from them. Implications for research, policy and practice are discussed.
Integrated speed optimization and multivisit drone routing: a mathematical programming approach
Authors: Meskar Mahla , Ahmadi‐Javid Amir 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis paper considers a last‐mile delivery system in which drones are used to deliver parcels to customers within a predefined delivery‐time limit, while drones can perform multiple multivisit trips. The effects of both drone speed and load weight are considered on energy consumption in all flight phases, including takeoff, cruise, hovering, and landing phases, using a realistic nonconvex formula. The problem determines the routes of the drones and their speeds during the cruise flight phases, with the aim of minimizing the total consumed energy. The paper initially examines the problem for the discrete case where the speeds are selected from a finite list of options. The initial formulation of the problem is a mixed‐integer nonlinear program that cannot be solved efficiently. Using a novel approach that changes the problem's input space, a mixed‐integer linear program is proposed and enhanced by valid inequalities. Utilizing an efficient preprocessing algorithm, the proposed linear formulation is able to solve problem instances with up to 100 customers. Next, the paper studies the problem for the continuous case in which the speeds can take values from a specified interval. It is first demonstrated how the continuous case can be solved optimally when no delivery‐time limit is imposed. Then, it is shown that the continuous case can be solved approximately using the discrete case. A method for computing the approximation error is also presented, which can be used to determine an appropriate level of discretization.