bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease incidence in Eucalyptus microtheca provenances
Authors: Soni K. K. , Subramanian K. N. , Jagadees S. , Raja Rishi R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA provenance trial of Eucalyptus microtheca F. Muell. was studied in order to select resistant provenances against Cytospara eucalypti twig blight, Pestalotiopsis versicolor stem canker and Botryodiplodia theobromae root collar canker. Out of 21 provenances tried, 4 provenances were screened as resistant against diseases and showed best performance.
Infektionsversuche mit Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii und Lophodermium piceae an unterschiedlich gestreßten Jungfichten (Picea abies [L.] Karst.)
Authors: Von Dotzler Maria 
Published: June 2007

AbstractYoung spruce trees [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] artificially inoculated with Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii B. and Lophodermium piceae (F.) v. H. were exposed to fumigations with O3 and SO2 and drought. These treatments showed no influence on the infection‐rates of the fungi. R. kalkhoffii proved to be a saprophyte living for a long period as an epiphyte on the needle surfaces.
Armillaria in an ancient broadleaved woodland
Authors: Rishbeth J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn an ancient broadleaved woodland in eastern England that had been coppiced regularly for over 700 years Armillaria mellea and A. gallica were common, A. tabescens was moderately frequent, whilst A ostoyae and A cepistipes were local. Fruit bodies were often abundant in areas coppiced the previous winter. The largest focus of A gallica occupied 9 ha and was probably over 500 years old. Large trees were rarely killed but A mellea caused some root decay in birches. The number of coppice shoots killed by Armillaria was small but became greater as the period since coppicing increased; A gallica was most often involved. Alder coppice was the most, and hazel coppice the least, affected. The productivity of coppiced woodland in general seemed little reduced by Armilaria.
Cultural variation in Peridermium pini from two parts of the United Kingdom
Authors: Pei M. H. , Gibbs J. N. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAxenic cultures of Peridermium pini obtained from aeciospores on diseased Pinus sylvestris in north‐east Scotland typically had an ill‐defined margin and a fluffy surface, while those from East Anglia had a well‐defined margin and appeared mucilaginous. The difference in colony ap‐pearance is consistent with other evidence for a distinction between the forms of P. pini in the two parts of the United Kingdom. After a few months, thin sectors, comprising a rapidly expanding hyphal network, developed in some cultures from both spore sources.
Untersuchungen zum Wasserhaushalt der Fichte bei Befall durch Armillaria sp.
Authors: Feiler Sonja , Tesche M. , Zentsch W. , Schmidt P. A. , Bellmann Christa 
Published: June 2007

Abstract Investigations on water relations of spruce infested by Armillaria sp.
Picea omorika and Picea abies intested by Armillaria sp. showed increased osmotical potential and reduced water content in the needles compared with not infested controls. The transpiration flow rates decreased with increasing infestation. Inserting grafts from mother trees, damaged by Armillaria, in healthy stock led to normal development of the grafts without disease to the stock.
Effect of bacteria on the mechanical and chemical properties of wood in poplars damaged by frost cracks
Authors: Diamandis S. , Koukos P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractExtensive plantations of two Euramerican poplar clones, “I‐214” and “I‐45/51” were badly damaged by frost cracks in N. Greece in 1981 and 1985. A bacterial flora consisting of 7 strictly aerobic (Pseudomonadaceae) and 2 facultatively anaerobic strains (Enterobacteriaceae) was regularly isolated from stained heartwood and occasionally from normal sapwood of cracked trees. Mechanical features of wood such as toughness, wood density and solubility in NaOH were not altered. Lignin and α‐cellulose content of wood were not affected either.
In vitro host‐pathogen interactions of Pinus elliottii calli and Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans
Authors: Bronson M. R. , Li Yong‐an , Dixon R. K. , Runion G. B. , Kelley W. D. , Peterson C. M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEstablishment of dual cultures of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) with vegetative propagules of Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans (FMS) was only partially successful. In contrast, the response of slash pine callus to FMS culture filtrate was significant. The in vitro selection for FMS resistance using culture filtrate and slash pine callus or plantlets merits further investigation.
Antifungal activity of metabolites of Peniophora polygonia against the aspen decay fungus Phellinus tremulae
Authors: Trifonov L. S. , Chakravarty P. , Hiratsuka Y. , Ayer W. A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTen volatile and sixteen non‐volatile compounds have been isolated from culture filtrates of Peniophora polygonia. Among these, two volatile and three non‐volatile compounds significantly inhibited in vitro growth of Phellinus tremulae.
Cultural characters and growth of Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum isolates1
Authors: Sharma J. K. , Mohanan C. , Rugmini P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIsolates of Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum (CQ), which cause leaf blight of Eucalyptus in Kerala, differed significantly in growth and cultural characters on nine different agar media. Malt extract agar and yeast malt agar and yeast malt agar were the best media for discerning differences among the CQ isolates. Of the 11 carbon (C) and 13 nitrogen (N) sources evaluated in liquid media for their differential utilization by the five selected CQ isolates, five each of C and N sources differentiated them from each other. In general, organic N sources supported better growth and micro‐sclerotia production over inorganic, and hexose and disaccharide over trisaccharide and polysaccharide.
Inhibition of Armillaria by bacteria isolated from soils of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest of Ontario
Authors: Dumas M. T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonasspp.,Bacillusspp.,Enterobacterspp.,Serratiaspp. andAgrobacterium radiobacterwere isolated from root‐free soils of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest of Ontario a, nd found to be capable of inhibiting the linear growth ofArmillaria ostoyae in vitro.Isolates ofP. fluorescens, Bacillusspp. andA. radiobacterwere the most effective inhibitors of mycelial growth. To test the ability of the bacteria to suppress rhizomorph formation,A. gallica, which produces rhizomorphs in culture more consistently than doesA. ostoyae, was used; only a small fraction ofP. fluorescensandBacillusspp. isolates were capable of preventingin vitrorhizomorph formation byA. gallica.
Effects of natural and induced pollution on the leaf wax structure of three cypress species
Authors: Raddi P. , Moricca S. , Gellini R. , di Lonardo V. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSevere damage was caused to coastal forest vegetation by the Libeccio, a sea wind blowing against the Italian coast from W‐SW. The behaviour of common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), smooth cypress (C. glabra) and Monterey cypress (C. macrocarpa) in response to the Libeccio windstorms of 1990 was compared with that due to treatments with the surfactant ABS (sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate). As regards both the nature and the intensity of the damage to the leaf waxes, the surge damage caused by the windstorms differed little from that produced artifi‐cially by ABS sprays.
Effect of some nursery practices on incidence and severity of diseases, and growth of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings*
Authors: Sharma J. K. , Mohanan C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractNursery practices influenced incidence and severity of diseases of Eucalyptus grandis viz. damping‐off caused by Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Cylindrocladium quinqueseptatum, web might by R. solani, seedling blight by C. quinqueseptatum and shoot wilt by Sclerotium rolfsii. Growth of seedlings of E. grandis and microclimatic conditions were also affected by nursery practices. Shading with coconut leaf thatch led to low light intensity (av. 1463 lux) with high soil water potential, low soil and ambient temperatures, and high severity of damping‐off and web blight diseases and poor shoot:root ratio of seedlings. Seed beds under coirmat had dispersed light (av. 22 299 lux), apparently high severity of seedling blight and shoot wilt, and good growth (snoot:root ratio) of seedlings. In both the types of shading high soil moisture regime and high seed rate contributed to high disease severity as well as low shoot:root ratio of seedlings.
The influence of carbon nutrition on Armillaria ostoyae growth and phenolic degradation
Authors: Entry J. A. , Donnelly Paula K. , Cromack Kermit 
Published: June 2007

AbstractConcentrations of 1, 5 and 25 g C L−1 as glucose, fructose and sucrose were added to basal media containing 0 or 1.0 mM catechol orwa‐hydroxybenzoic acid. Media were poured in petri dishes and inoculated with one of three isolates of Armillaria ostoyae(Romagn.) Herink. Armillaria ostoyae isolates usually had greater colony size and biomass yield when glucose was the carbon source as compared to fructose or sucrose. When compared to A. ostoyae growth on basal media alone, 1.0 mM catechol and /wvi‐hydroxybenzoic acia added to basal media inhibited A. ostoyae growth. In a second experiment, catechol andpara‐hydroxybenzoic acid degradation by three A. ostoyae isolates growing on 1, 5 and 25 g C L−1 glucose, fructose or sucrose were measured radiometrically.Carbon source and concentration had no effect on the degradation of pzra‐hydroxybenzoic acid or catechol by Armillaria ostoyae. Results of these experiments suggests that A. ostoyae can grow faster when at high carbon concentration but cannot more effectively degrade catechol or para‐hydroxybenzoic acid.
Screening of clones of Betula pendula and B. pubescens against two forms of Melampsoridium betulinum leaf rust fungus
Authors: Poteri Marja 
Published: June 2007

AbstractLeaf discs from seedlings of six clones of B. pendula Roth and two clones of B. pubescens Ehrh. were inoculated with two urediniospore isolates of M. betulinum Kleb. The field collection iso‐lates were obtained from B. pendula and B. pubescens growing in the field. The B. pendula rust was more specialized than the B. pubescens rust. The clones of B. pubescens showed partial resis‐tance against the B. pendula rust, while the B. pubescens isolate was compatible to both birch species. Some interclonal variation was also found in both birch species. The results support an earlier suggestion by Klebahn that M. betulinum has two formae speciales.
Effects of acid rain treatments on the birch rust, Melampsoridium betulinum and birch, Betula pendula
Authors: Vuorinen M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEffects of acidic rain on birch rust and on the growth of Betula pendula seedlings were studied by irrigating with acidic water at pH 3, 4 and 5.6. The seedlings were inoculated with uredospores of Melampsoridium betulinum and the development of rust and the severity of rust infection was examined. The increasing acidity of the irrigation water did not affect on the development of the rust, but the nitrogen in the acidified water resulted in an extension of seedling growth, and hence the leaves became senescent at a later date in autumn and the rust grew for a longer time.
Identification of Phytophthora nicotianae on the aerial portion of eucalypt seedlings
Authors: Belisario Alessandra 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe pathogenicity, physiology and biochemical features of three isolates of Phytophthora. nicotianae var. nicotianae from Eucalyptus delegatensis and E. globulus seedlings were investigated. The acid phosphatase zymograms and total protein profiles confirmed the specific identity of the 3 isolates. Despite significant differences in mycelial growth and zoosporangium production, no differences were noted in pathogenicity. Artificial inoculations revealed a variability in resistance to P. nicotianae within Eucalyptus species.
Black canker and leaf spot of Salix in New Zealand caused by Glomerella miyabeana (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)
Authors: Spiers A. G. , Hopcroft D. H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTwo new diseases have been observed attacking willows in New Zealand. In the first instance black stem cankers formed on S. matsudana × S. alba × S. alba cultivars, eventually killing them. In the second instance foliage of S. gooddingii and S. amygdaloides was attacked and premature defoliation occurred. Morphological studies and host inoculations established that Glomerella miyabeana (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides anamorph) was the causal agent of both diseases. Foliage of cultivars exhibiting stem cankering was not attacked nor were stems of cultivars with foliar lesions. Electron microscope studies showed that conidia of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides formed phialidically within acervuli and comdial dimensions varied significantly with host.
Geographical distribution and ecology of the Armillaria species in western Europe
Authors: Guillaumin J.‐J. , Mohammed Caroline , Anselmi N. , Courtecuisse R. , Gregory S. C. , Holdenrieder O. , Intini M. , Lung Brigitte , Marxmüller Helga , Morrison D. , Rishbeth J. , Termorshuizen A. J. , Tirró A. , van Dam Barbara 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOver 4000 records of the six EuropeanArmillariaspecies were compiled to give distribution maps and host lists for each species. Differences in geographical and altitudinal distribution, pathogenicity, dissemination and ecological role are discussed.
The effect of industrial air pollution on chlorophyll fluorescence and pigment contents of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) needles
Authors: Saarinen T. , Liski J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractChlorophyll fluorescence induction of Scots pine needles was measured under field conditions in the vicinity of an oil refinery, and in the greenhouse after a recovery period of 20 h. Pigment content of needles was also determined. Sulphur dioxide is discussed as a potential factor affecting the light reactions of photosynthesis.
Effects of pruning young Scots pines on host vigour and susceptibility to Leptographium wingfieldii and Ophiostoma minus, two blue‐stain fungi associated with Tomicus piniperda
Authors: Långström B. , Solheim H. , Hellqvist C. , Gref R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn a field experiment in central Sweden, the vigour of 25‐yr‐old Scots pines was manipulated by pruning, prior to inoculation with Leptographium wingfieldii and Ophiostoma minus, two blue‐stain fungi associated with Tomicus piniperda. Our main purpose was to correlate fungus invasion and host defence reactions with host vigour. Both fungi invaded the inner bark and the sapwood at the points of inoculation. L. wingfieldii caused larger lesions in the bark, but O. minus tended to grow faster in the sapwood. The flow of primary resin was related to tree vigour, whereas carbohydrates present in needles and stem phloem were not. Lesion formation and the content or composition of resin acids in lesions did not differ between fungi or pruning treatments.
Early interactions of Heterobasidion annosum and Stereum sanguinolentum with non‐decay fungi and bacteria following inoculation into stems of Picea abies
Authors: Hallaksela Anna‐Maija 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDifferent combinations of two decay fungi (Heterobasidion annosum, Stereum sanguinolentum), two non‐decay fungi (Nectria fuckeliana, Ascocoryne cylichnium), a yeast‐like fungus and two bacteria (Bacillus pumilus, Enterobacter agglomerans) all of spruce origin, were inoculated into stems of 16 healthy‐looking Picea abies. Growth and survival of the microbes were followed over the subsequent five years. The rapid upward vertical spread of the decay fungi during the first two years was followed by a later regression and loss of these decay fungi by the fifth year.The stems were effectively colonized by the bacteria, A. cylichnium and/or Neobulgaria premnophila which then persisted over the whole experimental period. The endophytic fungi, N. premnophila and A. cylichnium, were abundant in the stems of the experimental trees before inoculation.
Concentration of CO2 under snow cover and the winter activity of the snow blight fungus Phacidium infestans
Authors: Vuorinen M. , Kurkela T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe winter activity of soil organisms and of the fungus Phacidium infestans inoculated on excised Scots pine shoots was monitored by measuring CO2 concentrations under the snow cover. Other variables measured, relating to respiration, were the temperature under the shoot heaps and the depth of snow cover. The concentrations were highest when the temperature under the snow remained at a relatively high level during the whole winter which also favoured respiration from P. infestans. When the soil was covered with a thin layer of snow, the conditions did not favor a high respiration rate until the snow melt period.
Evidence of resistance to hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense) in western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) clones
Authors: Smith R. B. , Wass E. F. , Meagher M. D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRecords from western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) trees naturally exposed to infection by hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense) and controlled inoculations of grafted branch scions from a selection of these trees indicated a repeatability of the levels of resistance to the disease in the clonal material. Evidence pointed to a resistance mechanism operating within, rather than outside, the host branch.
Effect of auxin, cytokinin, and glutamine on mycelial growth of Phaeolus schweinitzii
Authors: HřIB J. , Vooková B. , Fľak P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe effect of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), benzylaminopurine (BAP), L‐glutamine (L‐gln), and combinations of these substances on mycelial growth of Phaeolus schweinitzii was studied in vitro.NAA (1 mg × 1−1), L‐gln (500 mg × 1−1) and a combination of NAA with L‐gln inhibited the growth of fungal mycelium. BAP (1 mg × 1−1) enhanced the inhibitory effect of NAA while in combination with L‐gln it reduced the inhibitory effect of L‐gln.
Influence of water stress on susceptibility of red oak (Quercus rubra) to Phytophthora cinnamomi
Authors: Marçais B. , Dupuis F. , Desprez‐Loustau M.L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractInfluence of water status of oak trees (Quercus rubra) on the development of Phytophthora cinnamomi lesions was studied. On agar media or excised inner bark, growth of P. cinnumomi was reduced by low water potentials. In contrast, on voung saplings or mature oak trees the development of P. cinnamomi lesions was not affected during a period of water stress. But after the end of the water stress treatment, susceptibility of the young saplings to P. cinnamoni increased.
Ganoderma root‐rot in an Acacia arboretum
Authors: HARSH N. S. K. , SONI K. K. , TIWARI C. K. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractGanoderma lucidum
caused root rot in an Acacia arboretum. Stumps colonized by the fungus were the source of infection. Among 18 species. Acacia albida, A. aneura, A. decurrens, A. murrayana and A. victoriae were the most susceptible to the disease whereas A. greggii and A. verek showed resistance.
Histopathology of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii needles infected by Ploioderma hedgcockii
Authors: Jewell F. F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe ascomycete Ploioderma hedgcockii is unique in speculating; on living, as well as on dead needle tissues. The fungus was examined in green and dead needles of Pinus elliottii var. elliottii using light microscopy. Teleomorph and anamorph stromata originated from sub‐hypodermal host tissue. In green needles, the hypnae where restricted to tissues outside the endodermis. The mesophyll cells adjacent to stromata showed abnormalities; the mesophyll distal to the stromata showed no symptoms despite heavy colonization by intercellular hyphae. In dead needles, all tissues, with the exception of vascular tissues, where colonized by inter‐ and intracellular hyphae.
Decline symptoms on roots of Quercus robur
Authors: Blaschke H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA comparative study by light and scanning‐electron microscopy of fine and coarse roots from healthy and declining oaks demonstrated a progressive deterioration of fine roots and mycorrhizal systems on mature trees in decline. Histopathological events such as infection of cortical and vascular root tissues by parasitic fungal hyphae leading to the impairment of woody roots are described. Distinct disease symptoms such as necrotic lesions on small diameter roots and callussing wounds on coarse roots are documented, supporting the hypothesis that Phytophthora spp. are involved in oak decline.
Aerial photographs reveal chestnut‐blight foci
Authors: Bisseggerand M. , Heiniger U. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractInfrared photographs of a chestnut (Castanea sativa) stand of northern Switzerland which was severely infested by Cryphonectria parasitica were evaluated to document disease progress. Two original infection foci were identified in the photographs. These foci were strongly correlated with the distribution of the two vegetative compatibility groups of C. parasitica strains found there, suggesting that two independent introductions of the fungus occurred within this stand.
Une méthode d'inoculation pour l'évaluation précoce du comportement du Mélèze vis a vis du Lachnellula willkommii
Authors: Sylvestre G. , Pâques L. , Delatour C. 
Published: June 2007

Abstract An inoculation method for early assessment of Larch resistance to Lachnellula willkommii. Efficiency of inoculation with mycelium and ascospores was compared on 4–13‐year‐old Larix decidua. Only mycelium induced high infection rates. Mycelial inoculum was contained in colonized sorghum‐straw pieces and was introduced in 1 mm diameter holes drilled through the bark in April/May. The main infection was detectable as early as 18 months after inoculation and infection rate increased only until the 28th month after inoculation. The susceptibility of the branches did not depend on their age, their position in the trees, the age of inoculated shoots or the management of the trees. Susceptibility was even for the 1–2‐yr‐old parts of the stems and branches but the oldest parts of the stems were less susceptible. The inoculation method was effective for detecting differences in susceptibility among trees. One seedling from the Alps, and clone 3001–00035, which is the mother of resistant hybrids, were the least susceptible.
Association of the pine‐top weevil with Endocronartium pini on Scots pine
Authors: Pappinen A. , von Weissenberg K. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIt has been suggested that the pine‐top weevil (Pissodes piniphilus) could be a vector of resin‐top disease caused by Endocronartium pini. The association of this weevil with trees and stands infected with the fungus was studied. The number of pupal chambers around cankers and in trapping bolts indicated an association. Mobility studies with flight traps and sticky rings, however, gave inconclusive results as to the possible role of the weevil as vector of the disease.
Stem cankers on Swedish biomass willows caused by Cryptodiaporthe salicella and other fungi
Authors: ÅStröm B. , Ramstedt M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractField surveys and inoculation experiments were carried out in order to determine the most important stem‐canker fungi on willows planted for energy production. The pathogenicity of different fungal isolates and factors influencing infection were studied in the field and in greenhouse experiments, where canker extension was measured after inoculation either on dormant plants or on plants undergoing active growth.
Vascular modifications in Platanus acerifolia seedlings inoculated with Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani
Authors: Clerivet A. , El Modafar C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractVascular modification of plane tree seedlings inoculated withCeratocystis fimbriataf. sp.platani, the canker stain disease agent, were characterized using histochemical and scanning electron microscopy methods.