bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid polymer nanocomposite electrolytes based on poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐based waterborne polyurethane–polyethylene oxide and fluorine‐doped carbon quantum dot‐MXene
Authors: Naderkhani Neda , Rostami Sasan , Mokhtari Zahra , Mollavali Majid , Nourany Mohammad 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe need for higher energy storage capability has encouraged researchers to move toward lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs). Due to the safety issue associated with liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) the main focus on polyethylene oxide (PEO) were at the center of the research. However, high crystallization, fast decomposition, and low thermomechanical stability has limited its application. Low lithium‐ion transference number () is another issue leading to polarization of the SPEs and consequently, triggering dendrite nucleation and growth. Here, we developed a series of SPEs based on PEO‐waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and nanoparticles of fluorine‐doped carbon quantum dot (fCQD) and MXene. The host polymer matrix was a blend of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐based WPU and PEO. The use of WPU and the nanoparticles increased the thermomechanical stability and suppressed PEO crystallinity through disrupting the spherulites growth and reducing the thermal stability of the crystallites. Using the WPU led to significant increase in () compared with previous reports. The prepared SPEs showed high‐electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity at and based on the results of cycling performance, a discharge capacity of 120.58 mAh/g and coulombic efficiency of 99.1% was achieved after 200 cycles.
Tribological performance of WS2/PAI composite coating reinforced with carbon nanotubes‐carbon fiber at high temperatures
Authors: Zhao Dingyuan , Liu Sisi , He Jun , Zhao Ziheng , Yin Shuohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were chemically grafted onto carbon fibers (CFs) to prepare a CNTs‐CF multiscale reinforcement. The tungsten disulfide/polyamide‐imide (WS2/PAI) composite coating, with PAI as the binder and WS2 as the lubricant filler, was prepared. The enhancement mechanism of CNTs‐CF on the high‐temperature tribological performance of WS2/PAI composite coating was analyzed. The addition of CNTs‐CF was found to increase the temperature of the 10% mass loss of PAI by 14.2°C, indicating its ability to improve the thermal stability of the coating. The hardness of the CNTs‐CF‐modified WS2/PAI composite coating was measured to be 17.9% higher than that of the WS2/PAI substrate. The incorporation of CNTs‐CF significantly improved the tribological performance of the WS2/PAI composite coating. Particularly at 200°C, the friction coefficient and wear rate of CNTs‐CF modified WS2/PAI composite coating were only 0.095 and 8.92 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m), respectively, which decreased by about 70.3% and 62.2% compared to the WS2/PAI substrate. Further analysis revealed that CNTs‐CF is firmly embedded within the WS2/PAI composite coating through the synergistic mechanism of mechanical interlocking and molecular adsorption. Furthermore, CNTs‐CF formed a stable lubricating film, ensuring the excellent friction and wear performance of the coating.Highlights
The CNTs‐CF can mitigate the thermal degradation of PAI.
The high‐temperature wear resistance of the coating was noticeably improved.
The problem of CF easily detaching from the coating was resolved.
The main components of the transfer film were analyzed.
The unjust burden of digital inclusion for low‐income migrant parents
Authors: Notley Tanya , Aziz Abdul 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThere are significant digital inclusion disparities between low‐ and high‐income households across countries. Yet, there is a lack of in‐depth research about the relationship between digital and social participation in low‐income family households, especially in households facing multiple forms of disadvantage and discrimination due to language, cultural or literacy barriers. This article is based on long‐term ethnographic research with low‐income, migrant family households in the most culturally diverse region of Australia—Western Sydney. We find that household digital inclusion is perceived as necessary and important by parents—but also as a burden that has social, financial and emotional dimensions. We also find that a lack of targeted and culturally informed digital and social inclusion services constrain what digital connection can achieve for families. We argue that under these conditions, equitable digital inclusion cannot be achieved.
An unusual case of metastatic trophoblastic neoplasm presenting with diffuse cystic lung disease and pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms in a teenager
Authors: Guler Sevim , Hull Nathan C. , Arteta Manuel , Allen‐Rhoades Wendy , Shahi Maryam , Ishitani Michael B. , Demirel Nadir 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiffuse cystic lung diseases (DCLDs) are a diverse group of lung disorders characterized by the presence of multiple air filled cysts within the lung tissue. These cysts are thin walled and surrounded by normal lung tissue. In adults, DCLD can be associated with various conditions such as lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), Langerhans cell histiocytosis, cancers, and more. In children, DCLD is often linked to lung developmental abnormalities, with bronchopulmonary dysplasia being a common cause. Patients with pulmonary cysts are typically asymptomatic, but some may experience mild symptoms or pneumothorax. While DCLD in children is rarely due to malignancy, metastatic lung disease can be a cause. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of metastatic lung disease when encountering DCLD.
Stratified substrates enhance water storage and distribution between irrigation events
Authors: Criscione Kristopher S. , Fields Jeb S. , Owen James S. , Gentimis Athanasios 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe specialty crop industry requires copious amounts of water to meet production needs; however, current substrates are highly porous to mitigate risks and are subsequently inefficient with regard to water use. Therefore, more sustainable soilless substrates are needed to ensure the future success/profitability of the horticultural industry, especially as finite fresh water sources become limiting. Substrate stratification (i.e., vertically layering unique substrates atop one another) provides opportunities to augment an existing system by maintaining substrate porosity, while strategically redistributing the air‐ and water‐filled pores, retaining more water when applied, and controlling vertical water distribution. The aim of this research was to further understand the complex stratified systems of hydraulics. Herein, the hydraulic properties of individual substrate components were measured and modeled using HYDRUS 1 d. Furthermore, matric tensions and volumetric water content (VWC) were measured continuously under two different irrigation schedules (single [1×] and cyclic applications [3×]) for 15 days with a fully established Dianthus barbatus ‘Amazon Neon Purple’ crop. The results showed that screened bark particles have more pore homogeneity assessed by steep declines in VWC with small changes in water potential. Moreover, HYDRUS 1 d modeling demonstrated that stratified substrates have more uniform hydraulic gradients (difference in moisture content from the top to the bottom of the substrate profile; 21%) present in the container profile when compared to non‐stratified systems (45%). Non‐stratified upper layers experienced greater diurnal tension fluctuations under single irrigation than in cyclic applications. Stratifying substrates resulted in a significant reduction in these fluctuations in the top layer when compared to non‐stratified systems. Additionally, when both substrate (stratifying) and irrigation (cyclic) management strategies are implemented, tension fluctuations can be even further reduced, and hydraulic gradients become more uniform due to improved moisture infiltration and distribution.
Participatory modeling for high complexity, multi‐system issues: challenges and recommendations for balancing qualitative understanding and quantitative questions
Authors: Deutsch Arielle R. , Frerichs Leah , Perry Madeleine , Jalali Mohammad S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCommunity stakeholder participation can be incredibly valuable for the qualitative model development process. However, modelers often encounter challenges for participatory modeling projects focusing on high‐complexity, synergistic interactions between multiple issues, systems, and granularity. The diverse stakeholder perspectives and volumes of information necessary for developing such models can yield qualitative models that are difficult to translate into quantitative simulation or clear insight for informed decision‐making. There are few recommended best practices for developing high‐complexity, participatory models. We use an ongoing project as a case study to highlight three practical challenges for tackling high‐complexity, multi‐system issues with system dynamics tools. These challenges include balanced and respectful stakeholder engagement, defining boundaries and levels of variable aggregation, and timing and processes for qualitative/quantitative model integration. Our five recommendations to address these challenges serve as a foundation for further research on methods for developing translatable qualitative multi‐system models for informing actions for systemic change. © 2024 System Dynamics Society.
History of the Beer Game
Authors: Martinez‐Moyano Ignacio J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article describes the history of the Beer Game. By triangulating information from literature, archival analysis, and interviews with experts in the field, the main changes in the game over its almost 70‐year history are identified. The article discusses three aspects of the game: 1) its structure (phases of its history, stocks and flows, parameters, etc.); 2) the process for playing the game; and 3) the game debrief. The structure of the Beer Game, and the process for running it, have stabilized over the years into what is now a de facto standard approach. Additional work is needed in the game debrief, specifically in the clarification of key insights and messages (depending on the context of the use of the game), in how to communicate such messages to different audiences, and in the development of support materials for its delivery. © 2024 UChicago Argonne, LLC. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
In situ Activation of Molecular Oxygen at Intermetallic Spacing‐Optimized Iron Network‐Like Sites for Boosting Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Jiang Jingjing , Zhou Wanlin , Jiang Yaling , Zhang Xu , An Qizheng , Hu Fengchun , Wang Huijuan , Zheng Kun , Soldatov Mikhail A. , Wei Shiqiang , Liu Qinghua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyzed by transition‐metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) is promising for practical applications in energy‐conversion devices, but great challenges still remain due to the sluggish kinetics of O═O cleavage. Herein, a kind of high‐density iron network‐like sites catalysts are constructed with optimized intermetallic distances on an amino‐functionalized carbon matrix (Fe‐HDNSs). Quasi‐in situ soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and in situ synchrotron infrared characterizations demonstrate that the optimized intermetallic distances in Fe‐HDNSs can in situ activate the molecular oxygen by fast electron compensation through the hybridized Fe 3d‒O 2p, which efficiently facilitates the cleavage of the O═O bond to *O species and highly suppresses the side reactions for an accelerated kinetics of the 4e− ORR. As a result, the well‐designed Fe‐HDNSs catalysts exhibit superior performances with a half‐wave potential of 0.89 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a kinetic current density of 72 mA cm−2@0.80 V versus RHE, exceeding most of the noble‐metal‐free ORR catalysts. This work offers some new insights into the understanding of 4e− ORR kinetics and reaction pathways to boost electrochemical performances of SACs.
Inducing Directional Charge Delocalization in 3D‐Printable Micro‐Supercapacitors Based on Strongly Coupled Black Phosphorus and ReS2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Ge Jiale , Meng Jian , Zhang Leiqian , Qin Jingjing , Yang Guozheng , Wu Yunchen , Zhu Haiyan , Huang Yunpeng , Debroye Elke , Dong Hongliang , Ren Jianguo , He Peng , Hofkens Johan , Lai Feili , Liu Tianxi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe growing interest in so‐called interface coupling strategies arises from their potential to enhance the performance of active electrode materials. Nevertheless, designing a robust coupled interface in nanocomposites for stable electrochemical processes remains a challenge. In this study, an epitaxial growth strategy is proposed by synthesizing sulfide rhenium (ReS2) on exfoliated black phosphorus (E‐BP) nanosheets, creating an abundance of robust interfacial linkages. Through spectroscopic analysis using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, the authors investigate the interfacial environment. The well‐developed coupled interface and structural stability contribute to the impressive performance of the 3D‐printed E‐BP@ReS2‐based micro‐supercapacitor, achieving a specific capacitance of 47.3 mF cm−2 at 0.1 mA cm−2 and demonstrating excellent long‐term cyclability (89.2% over 2000 cycles). Furthermore, density functional theory calculations unveil the positive impact of the strongly coupled interface in the E‐BP@ReS2 nanocomposite on the adsorption of H+ ions, showcasing a significantly reduced adsorption energy of −2.17 eV. The strong coupling effect facilitates directional charge delocalization at the interface, enhancing the electrochemical performance of electrodes and resulting in the successful construction of advanced micro‐supercapacitors.
Zwitterion Dual‐Modification Strategy for High‐Quality NiOx and Perovskite Films for Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Xianzhao , Jiang Jun , Liu Ziyan , Li Aijun , Miyasaka Tsutomu , Wang Xiao‐Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNickel oxide (NiOx) has been limited in use as a hole transport layer for its low conduction, surface defects, and redox reactions with the perovskite layer. To address these issues, the incorporation of zwitterion L‐tryptophan (Trp) is proposed at the NiOx/Trp interface. The carboxyl group of Trp effectively passivates the surface positive defects of NiOx, thereby improving its optical and electrical properties. The ammonium group of Trp not only passivates negative defects but modulates the growth of the perovskite layer, resulting in an improved perovskite film quality. Furthermore, the Trp layer acts as a buffer layer, suppressing adverse interfacial reactions between the perovskite and NiOx. Consequently, perovskite solar cells with 1.56 and 1.68 eV absorbers achieve the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.79% and 20.41%, respectively. Moreover, the unencapsulated devices demonstrate excellent long‐term stability, retaining above 80% of the initial PCE value after 1600 h of storage in the air with a humidity of 50–60%.
Flexural behavior of beams strengthened with GFRP bars and high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Su Yan‐li , Shang Jia‐qi , Zhang Pu , Xu Shi‐zhan , Sheikh Shamim Ahmed 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe flexural behavior of beams strengthened with GFRP bars and high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (HPFRC) was investigated in this paper. The four‐point flexural response of one reference beam and four beams strengthened with high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete was investigated by experimental research and theoretical calculation. The experimental and theoretical data (strain, load, etc.) are discussed. Parameters varied included the strengthening scheme (bottom‐side strengthening and three‐side strengthening) and the type of high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (engineered cementitious composite [ECC] and ultra‐high‐performance concrete [UHPC]). The results showed that the cracking load and ultimate load of beams strengthened with UPFRC material were 31.3%–170% and 9.6%–20.7% higher, respectively, relative to the reference beam. Beams with three‐side strengthening (without interfacial debonding) had higher ultimate load, smaller crack width, and better durability relative to beams with bottom‐side strengthening. The UHPC layer was more effective in increasing the ultimate bearing capacity, and ECC strengthening layer was more effective in inhibiting cracking development of beams. Based on the experimental results, a model was proposed to predict the ultimate bearing capacity of beams strengthened with high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete, which could provide good agreement between the experimental and predicted results.
Combining Fourier Fractional GM(1,1|sin) Model with Rat Swarm Optimizer for Employment Rate Prediction
Authors: Cai Lulu , Lei Dongge , Wu Fei , Guo Aihua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAccurate prediction of employment rate of graduated students can greatly help education authorities to make informed decisions as well as for universities to adjust their teaching plans. Unfortunately, prediction of the employment rate of graduated students is still a difficult problem because the historical employment rate data exhibits fluctuations. In this paper, a new method is proposed for employment rate prediction using fractional gray GM(1,1sin) model, which aims to alleviate the effect of data fluctuation on prediction accuracy and increase the contribution of new data in the prediction procedure. To further decrease prediction error, a Fourier series is adopted to model the residual series. The proposed model, called Fourier Fractional GM(1,1sin) Model (FFGMsin), is used to predict the employment rate of graduated students of Yanshan University from 2010 to 2019. Results show that the proposed method can obtain more accurate prediction results than GM(1,1) model and its variants. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Fate and distribution of microplastics in water and sediment collected from Samiran ditch irrigation
Authors: Garfansa Marchel Putra , Zalizar Lili , Husen Syarif , Triwanto Joko , Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Ekalaturrahmah Yenni Arista Cipta 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDitch irrigation is an important route that potentially discharges microplastics (MPs) into environment. Samiran ditch irrigation is the largest urban irrigation in Pamekasan City, Indonesia. Water and sediment samples were collected in Samiran ditch irrigation to identify MPs including their color, shape, size, and number of MPs. From all sampling locations, MPs were found in both the water and sediments of the Samiran ditch irrigation with sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 2.9 mm. The abundance of MPs in water ranged from 0.5 to 0.9 items/L, while MPs in sediments 0.14 to 0.23 items/g with colors of black, blue, and yellow. The polymer types of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polypropylene (PP) were found both in surface water and sediment sample. MPs such as fragments, filament, fiber, and pellet were found in Samiran ditch irrigation with fiber was dominant found in the surface water (40%) and fragment was dominant in sediment (25%).
Assessment of left ventricular dysfunction by strain echo in primary hyperparathyroidism and its reversal after parathyroidectomy
Authors: Pk Nafeel , Abuji Kishore , Dahiya Divya , Kumar Basanth , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Behera Arunanshu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundStrain echocardiography is a highly sensitive modality for detecting myocardial disease at an early stage. Therefore, we aim to evaluate subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients with myocardial strain imaging in addition to conventional echocardiography and to look for its reversal after parathyroidectomy (PTx).MethodsThirty patients who underwent curative parathyroidectomy for PHPT were included. All patients were evaluated with M mode echo, 2D echo and strain imaging before and 6 months after PTx. Left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) and global circumferential strain (GCS) were recorded.ResultsOn M mode echo, LVH was present in 15 patients and 8 of them improved completely after PTx (p < 0.038). Incidence of systolic and diastolic dysfunction on 2D echo was 10% and 13.3% respectively; while myocardial strain imaging showed impaired systolic function in 46.7% patients. Hence, compared to conventional 2D echo, strain imaging showed 36.7% high detection rate of subnormal cardiac function. There was improvement in left ventricle dysfunction (p = 0.083), GLS and GCS (p = 0.034) after PTx. Serum parathormone demonstrated a strong positive correlation with change in GLS and GCS (p = 0.013, p = 0.126) while serum calcium showed a weak correlation with change in GLS and GCS following surgery.ConclusionMyocardial strain imaging should be considered for all PHPT patients as early identification of subclinical ventricle dysfunction provides an opportunity for an early intervention and thereby preventing development of irreversible LV dysfunction.
Optimal extent of lymph node dissection for high‐risk gastric cancer stratified by a national clinical database risk calculator
Authors: Kuroda Kenji , Miki Yuichiro , Kasashima Hiroaki , Yoshii Mami , Fukuoka Tatsunari , Tamura Tatsuro , Shibutani Masatsune , Toyokawa Takahiro , Lee Shigeru , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor patients with gastric cancer, a well‐balanced treatment that considers both oncological aspects and surgical risk is demanded. This study aimed to explore the optimal extent of lymph node dissection (LND) for patients with gastric cancer according to surgical risk, stratified by the risk calculator system produced by the Japan National Clinical Database (NCD).Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 187 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Using the median predicted anastomotic leak rate obtained by the NCD risk calculator as the cutoff value, we classified 97 and 90 patients as having high and low risks, respectively.ResultsIn low‐risk patients, although limited LND reduced the postoperative intraabdominal infectious complications (IAIC), multivariate analysis revealed standard LND as an independent prognostic factor that improved Relapse‐free survival (RFS). In high‐risk patients, the rates of postoperative IAIC and RFS were similar between standard and limited LND. Pancreatic fistula was not observed in the limited dissection group.ConclusionLimited LND might be the optimal treatment strategy for patients with gastric cancer with high surgical risk.