bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The undead genealogy: omnipresence, spirit perspectives, and a case of Mongolian vampirism
Authors: Swancutt Katherine 
Published: November 2008

This article gives the sequel to a case study on magical innovation introduced earlier in theJRAI, and shows that Buryat Mongol shamans regularly deflect hostile forces by adopting spirit perspectives. Presenting new ethnography on Buryat vampiric imps and an episode of intra‐familial vampirism, the article argues that, in Buryat sociality, anyone – including omnipresent spirits – may cross the virtuous‐unvirtuous divide. In northeast Mongolia, Buryats consider that close ancestral spirits watch after their descendants, whereas distant ancestral spirits manage a spirit bureaucracy. Building on Viveiros de Castro's work on perspectivism, the article thus proposes that close spirit perspectives entail an ‘intimacy affect’ while distant spirit perspectives entail a ‘virtuosity affect’. Buryat shamans sometimes oscillate between these perspectives to access both spirit intimacy and virtuosity. The article culminates by demonstrating how a Buryat shaman used intimacy and virtuosity to expunge her mother's ex‐husband and his undead relatives from the patriline.RésuméCet article s’inscrit dans le prolongement d’une étude de cas sur l’innovation magique présentée précédemment dans leJRAI. Il montre que les chamanes des Bouriates de Mongolie repoussent régulièrement les forces hostiles en adoptant le point de vue des esprits. L’article présente une nouvelle ethnographie des farfadets vampires des Bouriates et un épisode de vampirisme intra‐familial, et avance que dans la vie sociale des Bouriates, n’importe qui (y compris les esprits omniprésents) peut franchir la frontière entre vertu et absence de vertu. Les Bouriates du Nord‐est de la Mongolie croient que les esprits ancestraux qui leur sont proches veillent sur leurs descendants, tandis que les esprits ancestraux distants gèrent la bureaucratie des esprits. À partir des travaux de Viveiros de Castro sur le perspectivisme, l’auteure propose que les perspectives des esprits créent un « affect d’intimité », tandis que les esprits distants suscitent un « affect de virtuosité ». Les chamanes bouriates oscillent parfois entre ces deux perspectives pour accéder à la fois à l’intimité et à la virtuosité. Ceci est mis en évidence à travers un exemple qui constitue le clou de l’article : la manière dont une chamane bouriate a chassé de la patrilignée l’ex‐mari de sa mère et les parents « non morts » de celui‐ci.
‘They may say tourist, may say truly painting’: aesthetic evaluation and meaning of bark paintings in western Arnhem Land, northern Australia1
Authors: Taylor Luke 
Published: November 2008

For Kuninjku artists, the production of bark paintings is inspired by their love for the Ancestrally created clan country, the key ground of Kuninjku existence, and yet the works are also produced to be sold on the world market. The intention of the artists is to educate non‐Kuninjku audiences about the importance of country. Artists manipulate culturally appropriate forms of representation and aesthetic treatment in order to create works that have both local and broad‐based appeal. The focus of this article is upon the way Kuninjku learn about appropriate ways of painting within the familial context and how this context is also intercultural in scope. The article leads to a consideration of the way artists develop experience and seniority and may break away from established forms to create new work. In this respect certain Kuninjku artists become leaders in developing styles they consider suitable for the contemporary art market.RésuméLa production de peintures sur écorce par les artistes kuninjku est inspirée par l’amour des terres de leur clan, créées par les Ancêtres et lieu essentiel de leur existence. Pourtant, ces œuvres sont également destinées àêtre vendues sur le marché mondial. L’intention des artistes est de faire comprendre au public non kuninjku l’importance du pays. Ils manipulent les formes culturellement appropriées de représentation et de traitement artistique et esthétique pour créer des œuvres ayant à la fois un intérêt local et un attrait plus large. L’auteur met ici l’accent sur la manière dont les Kuninjku apprennent les manières appropriées de peindre dans le contexte familial, et comment ce contexte a aussi une portée interculturelle. L’article débouche sur une analyse de la façon dont les artistes acquièrent expérience et ancienneté et peuvent alors rompre avec les formes établies de création de nouvelles œuvres. À cet égard, certains artistes kuninjku deviennent des chefs de file dans le développement de styles qu’ils considèrent adaptés au marché de l’art contemporain.
Transnationalizing Families: Canadian Immigration Policy and the Spatial Fragmentation of Care‐giving among Latin American Newcomers1
Authors: Bernhard Judith K. , Landolt Patricia , Goldring Luin 
Published: November 2008

AbstractComplex factors associated with migration and immigration policies contribute to the dispersion of families across space. We draw on interviews with 40 Latin American women in Toronto who experienced separation from children as a result of migration and argue that Canadian immigration policy and elements of the women’s context of departure lead to the systemic production of transnational family arrangements. Once in Canada, the women dealt with unexpected lengths of separation, the spatial dispersal of social reproduction, and post‐reunification problems. The absence of a normative framework that could help the mothers make sense of family dispersal meant that their experiences of migration, family separation, reunification and settlement were marked by tension, guilt, isolation and shame.
The Evolution of the Temporary Protection Visa Regime in Australia
Authors: Mansouri Fethi , Leach Michael 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWhile the Temporary Protection Visa (TPV) regime was formally introduced in October 1999 by the Howard Government, the concept of temporary protection was not totally alien to the Australian humanitarian landscape. Earlier examples reflected a standard use of temporary protection as a complementary or interim protection mechanism, offering short‐term group‐based protection where individual assessment under the 1951 Convention was both impractical and untimely. This paper focuses on the wider and more controversial changes in the use of temporary protection mechanisms that were to follow with the introduction of the TPV in 1999, which offered substitute protection for individually assessed Convention refugees who had arrived onshore without valid travel documents. It examines the history and evolution of the TPV policy regime from 1999 to the announcement of its abolition in 2008, arguing that the introduction and subsequent development of the policy may be understood as a product of a conservative, exclusionist political climate in Australia, following the unprecedented impact of the populist One Nation party in 1998, and later, the impact of September 11th. It also examines later amendments to the regime as a response to growing domestic disquiet about the impacts of the policy, and the abolition of the TPV policy under a new Australian government elected in late 2007.
Weighting the Weights: Agreement among Anthropometric Indicators Identifying the Weight Status of People with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Verstraelen C. J. F. , Maaskant M. A. , Van Knijff‐Raeven A. G. M. , Curfs L. M. G. , Van Schrojenstein Lantman– de Valk H. M. J. 
Published: November 2008

Background  The aims of this study were (1) to determine to what extent body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat free mass index (FFMI) and skinfold thickness are feasible measurement options in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) to measure their weight status, and (2) to assess the level of agreement among these methods.Methods  BMI, waist circumference, FFMI derived from the Bioelectrical Impedance Analyser and skinfold thickness were all determined in 76 people with intellectual disabilities.Results  BMI and waist circumference could be measured in all subjects. Skinfold thickness and FFMI failed in, respectively, five and 14 people. In general, intertest reliabilities were low. For underweight people, the agreement was acceptable.Conclusions  BMI and waist circumference were feasible measurement options. Agreements among the methods were low. Implications of these results are discussed.
Understanding Challenging Behaviour: Perspectives of Children and Adolescents with a Moderate Intellectual Disability
Authors: Byrne Alison , Hennessy Eilis 
Published: November 2008

Background The present study examines understanding of challenging behaviour among a sample of children and adolescents with a moderate intellectual disability, and investigates their behavioural intentions towards peers with challenging behaviour.Methods The study involved the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. In the quantitative part of the study participants (n = 39) completed a modified Friendship Activity Scale (FAS) following the presentation of vignettes depicting individuals with challenging and non‐challenging behaviour. In the qualitative part of the study, participants (n = 31) took part in a semi‐structured interview that sought their views on the causes of the challenging behaviour described in one of the vignettes.Results Analysis of the data from the FAS indicates that participants have significantly more positive intentions towards a vignette character that does not engage in challenging behaviour. Content analysis of the qualitative data indicates that participants hold a variety of beliefs about the causes of challenging behaviour. Suggestions include the possibility that it is a response to transient emotional states and to external events.Conclusions The findings are consistent with the findings of other studies on young people’s understanding of and attitudes towards peers with atypical behaviour. The theoretical and clinical implications for young people with intellectual disabilities are discussed.
Reproductive success of house sparrows along an urban gradient
Authors: Peach W. J. , Vincent K. E. , Fowler J. A. , Grice P. V. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRecent large declines in house sparrow Passer domesticus L. populations in many European towns and cities have generated much speculation as to possible environmental causes, although empirical insights have been lacking. We measured reproductive success in a declining house sparrow population along an urbanization gradient in Leicester, England, and used mixed models to identify correlates of nesting success. A stochastic simulation approach was developed to estimate annual reproductive success when the number of breeding attempts was unknown, and to assess the sensitivity of reproductive success to variation in different environmental factors. During 2 out of 3 years, reproductive output was lower than the predicted threshold required for population stability. Years of inadequate reproduction were characterized by lower chick survival and body mass at fledging (a predictor of post‐fledging survival). Factors associated with reduced reproductive output included low ambient temperatures, extremes of rainfall, high levels of vegetable material in the diet (all affecting chick survival and body mass), low aphid densities (an important component of chick diet) and high concentrations of air pollution from traffic (affecting chick body mass). Reproductive failure linked to inadequate invertebrate availability provides a plausible demographic mechanism accounting for declines in urban–suburban house sparrow populations. Increased traffic volume and vegetation removal are candidate causal factors in these declines although the mechanism underlying the former is unclear. Increasing densities of key invertebrate prey away from major roads should be an objective of conservation management aimed at urban–suburban house sparrows. This study illustrates the utility of mixed models for the analysis of individual sibling survival and of stochastic simulation for modelling reproductive success in multi‐brooded animals.
The Brief Child and Family Phone Interview (BCFPI): 2. Usefulness in screening for child and adolescent psychopatholog
Authors: Boyle Michael H. , Cunningham Charles E. , Georgiades Katholiki , Cullen John , Racine Yvonne , Pettingill Peter 
Published: November 2008

Background:  This study examines the use of the Brief Child and Family Phone Interview (BCFPI) to screen for childhood psychiatric disorder based on Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC‐IV) classifications of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), separation anxiety (SAD), generalized anxiety (GAD) and major depression (MDD).Methods:  Data for analysis come from a sample of 399 children and adolescents aged 5–17 years old referred to child mental health outpatient services in three Ontario cities. Mothers were administered the BCFPI on three occasions: baseline, 2 and 13 months; and the DISC‐IV on two occasions: 1 and 12 months.Results:  Based on kappa, test–retest reliability for disorders classified by the BCFPI exceeded .50 for all conditions except MDD (.45). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, area‐under‐the‐curve (AUC) estimates for BCFPI scale score associations with DISC‐IV classifications of disorder exceeded .80 for CD, ODD, ADHD and SAD; and were lower for GAD (.76) and MDD (.75). In stratified analyses, there were no statistically significant differences in AUC estimates for boys versus girls and 5 to 11 versus 12 to 17‐year‐olds.Conclusions:  Classifications of childhood disorder derived from the BCFPI provided a reasonable approximation to disorders classified by the DISC‐IV administered by lay interviewers.
Telling tales: using storytelling to explore and model critical reflective practice in integrated children's services
Authors: Haines CQSW, CASS, BSc Carole , Livesley RSCN, RGN, BSc, MA Joan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRealizing the vision for integrated children's services will rely on effective collaboration and joined‐up working across professional boundaries. One way of achieving this is to open up professional practice to the scrutiny of other professional groups in order that shared understanding can be developed. This brief article describes how we use story telling to model critical reflection and to invite students to reflect on their own constructions of their own and other professional groups. The story telling takes place during one timetabled session as part of a planned interprofessional learning module for students of nursing and social work. The authors, a lecturer in social work and a lecturer in children's nursing, had, by chance, been co‐located in the same office. Working together led to many conversations and a realization of how we would often use the same words to make sense of our practice with children and families, but sometimes mean different things. The idea for the story‐telling session was developed from these conversations.The story, ‘Telling tales’ (see box 1), focuses on the real‐life reflections of a children's nurse who worked with a young boy. He had been admitted to hospital and separated from his mother for a period of 1 week. The story is told to the students using the original words of the nurse. In this study, we describe the background to the initiative, how we use the story and what happens when we do. We contend that story telling is a powerful technique for opening up professional practice to the scrutiny of other professional groups. It also provides an effective vehicle to invite the students to critically challenge what they hold dear, just in case they are wrong.
Reforming the children and young people's workforce: a higher education response
Authors: Oliver Billie 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe Every Child Matters change agenda is leading to the creation of new services and new working practices across the children and young people's sectors. These new configurations are leading to the development of new roles that do not necessarily fit with existing, traditional professional qualifications. This paper outlines the response of one university to this policy agenda. The experience of inter‐disciplinary collaboration and interprofessional curriculum development has mirrored many of the challenges facing colleagues in practice settings. In reflecting on these challenges, this study highlights some of the key issues facing higher education providers in developing an appropriate educational response. The study identifies the need for collaborative and strategic partnership between higher education and practice colleagues in order to prepare a future workforce. It further identifies the desirability of a champion with the capacity and determination to keep the agenda from getting lost within all the other uni‐disciplinary agendas that operate within universities.
Learning in and for interagency working: making links between practice development and structured reflection
Authors: Leadbetter Jane 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis article describes a large national research project that followed a range of multi‐agency teams, within newly formed Children's Services in England, as they began to change and develop as a result of national and local policy changes. As the title suggests, the focus of the research was to observe the learning that was taking place and to offer approaches to facilitate the group learning. The approach is novel in that it employed a specific theoretical approach to the work; namely, the use of cultural–historical activity theory (CHAT), to analyse what was happening in the research sites and to structure and facilitate the intervention workshops. The findings reflect what was happening within teams, at individual, group and systemic levels. They also add to the body of knowledge that is accumulating in the application of activity theoretical approaches to work‐place learning. Some of the findings are expanded to offer suggestions for similar teams to consider as they make transitions within ever‐changing, expanding Children's Services. These include recommendations for professionals regarding the child and the wider context, aspects of professional role and focus of work, developing new tools, reconsidering existing rules, and examining values and pedagogic approaches in the work‐place.
Creating interprofessional learning capacity in children's centres – description and evaluation of a pilot project
Authors: McCombe Jane , Develin Deborah , Mallik Maggie 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNationally, the promotion of interprofessional learning (IPL) at all levels is a key UK Government strategy aimed at improving communication, collaborative working and enhancing quality care for all service users. The development of interagency working through the provision of services for pre‐school children and their families within children's centres provides an ideal environment to promote interprofessional learning for pre‐registration health and social care students. A partnership project was established to develop new interprofessional practice learning placements for students completing social work and child branch nursing courses within two health and social care communities in a midland county and city in England.Following information on the aims and objectives of the project, children's centres opted in to participate. The Common Learning Programme North East Model for IPL was adopted as a template for managing the variability in numbers and timings for student placements. Workshops were provided to prepare IPL facilitators; students attended workshops and completed an IPL workbook as part of their learning experience. A total of 14 children's centres participated over the 2 years of the project. An action research framework was used to underpin the collection of evaluation data through questionnaires, telephone interviews and focus groups. All stakeholders were involved in workshop events to action plan for improvements following feedback from evaluations.All participating centres remained positive and encouraged other centres to participate. Problem areas highlighted and dealt with included the logistics involved in timing student placements; development and use of the IPL workbook; and ensuring enough IPL facilitators. A key factor contributing to the success of Creating Interprofessional Learning Capacity in Children's Centres has been effective partnership working with stakeholders from the higher education institutions, local authorities and the National Health Service. The benefits of IPL in providing students with an opportunity to develop into effective collaborative practitioners was recognised by those involved and resulted in a high level of commitment over the 2 years. Challenges remain and sustainability will always be an issue but gaining the ongoing commitment of all stakeholders within the children's centres themselves has been a key factor in the success of the project.
Exploring young people's participation in interprofessional education, taking a children's rights approach
Authors: Bennett Alison , Race Tracey 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe Children, Young People and Families module was developed at Leeds Metropolitan University, UK in 2004. The module is jointly taught to community health and social work students with the active involvement of a Barnardo's Young People's Group. This module was developed in direct response to the challenges of the UK Every Child Matters policy agenda highlighting the importance of partnership and participation as the bedrock of effective practice in integrated children's services. For the writers, a commitment to the value base of social work means that it is not enough to lecture about child‐centred practice, children's rights and the importance of participation, without modelling these principles in our practice as educators. This article outlines key aspects of the module and its delivery, including the authors’ learning from partnership work with the Young People's Group. The work is evaluated drawing on student feedback and findings from an evaluation exercise carried out with the young people.
Impact of Public Reporting on Unreported Quality of Care
Authors: Werner Rachel M. , Konetzka R. Tamara , Kruse Gregory B. 
Published: November 2008

Objective. The impact of quality improvement incentives on nontargeted care is unknown and some have expressed concern that such incentives may be harmful to nontargeted areas of care. Our objective is to examine the effect of publicly reporting quality information on unreported quality of care.Data Sources/Study Setting. The nursing home Minimum Data Set from 1999 to 2005 on all postacute care admissions.Study Design. We studied 13,683 skilled nursing facilities and examined how unreported aspects of clinical care changed in response to changes in reported care after public reporting was initiated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services on their website, Nursing Home Compare, in 2002.Principal Findings. We find that overall both unreported and reported care improved following the launch of public reporting. Improvements in unreported care were particularly large among facilities with high scores or that significantly improved on reported measures, whereas low‐scoring facilities experienced no change or worsening of their unreported quality of care.Conclusions. Public reporting in the setting of postacute care had mixed effects on areas without public reporting, improving in high‐ranking facilities, but worsening in low‐ranking facilities. While the benefits of public reporting may extend beyond areas that are being directly measured, these initiatives may also widen the gap between high‐ and low‐quality facilities.