bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanomaterials Boost CAR‐T Therapy for Solid Tumors
Authors: Long Jun , Wang Yian , Jiang Xianjie , Ge Junshang , Chen Mingfen , Zheng Boshu , Wang Rong , Wang Meifeng , Xu Meifang , Ke Qi , Wang Jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractT cell engineering, particularly via chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modifications for enhancing tumor specificity, has shown efficacy in treating hematologic malignancies. The extension of CAR‐T cell therapy to solid tumors, however, is impeded by several challenges: The absence of tumor‐specific antigens, antigen heterogeneity, a complex immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and physical barriers to cell infiltration. Additionally, limitations in CAR‐T cell manufacturing capacity and the high costs associated with these therapies restrict their widespread application. The integration of nanomaterials into CAR‐T cell production and application offers a promising avenue to mitigate these challenges. Utilizing nanomaterials in the production of CAR‐T cells can decrease product variability and lower production expenses, positively impacting the targeting and persistence of CAR‐T cells in treatment and minimizing adverse effects. This review comprehensively evaluates the use of various nanomaterials in the production of CAR‐T cells, genetic modification, and in vivo delivery. It discusses their underlying mechanisms and potential for clinical application, with a focus on improving specificity and safety in CAR‐T cell therapy.
Topological Complex Charge Conservation in Nontrivial Z2 × Z2 Domain Walls
Authors: Lee Jhinhwan , Park Hae‐Ryong , Jin Kyung‐Hwan , Kim Jun Sung , Cheong Sang‐Wook , Yeom Han‐Woong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLocalized topological modes such as solitons, Majorana Fermions, and skyrmions are attracting great interest as robust information carriers for future devices. Here, a novel conserved quantity for topological domain wall networks of a Z2 × Z2 order generated with spin‐polarized current in Sr2VO3FeAs is discovered. Domain walls are mobilized by the scanning tunneling current, which also observes in atomic scale active dynamics of domain wall vertices including merge, bifurcation, pair creation, and annihilation. Within this dynamics, the product of the topological complex charges defined for domain wall vertices is conserved with a novel boundary‐charge correspondence rule. These results may open an avenue toward topological electronics based on domain wall vertices in generic Z2 × Z2 systems.
Protective Nanosheet Coatings for Thiophosphate‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Karger Leonhard , Nunes Barbara Nascimento , Yusim Yuriy , Mazilkin Andrey , Zhang Ruizhuo , Zhao Wengao , Henss Anja , Kondrakov Aleksandr , Janek Jürgen , Brezesinski Torsten 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuperionic sulfide solid electrolytes (SEs) are of considerable interest for application in solid‐state batteries, but suffer from limited stability. When in combination with state‐of‐the‐art cathode active materials (CAMs), severe degradation at the CAM/SE interface occurs during electrochemical cycling. To improve upon the interfacial stability, inert coatings can be applied to the CAM particles, with the goal of preventing direct contact to the SE. In this study, different methods of depositing coatings, including hexagonal boron nitride, tungsten sulfide and exfoliated ((CH3(CH2)3)4N)4Nb6O17, in the form of nanosheets onto the free surface of a Ni‐rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) CAM are examined and compared with one another. While dry coating is shown to produce relatively uniform coatings (good surface coverage), the secondary particle morphology of the NCM makes ball milling as a mechanical deposition method less attractive. In contrast, deposition from dispersions in organic solvents yields protective coatings with a lower degree of surface coverage. The different materials are electrochemically tested in liquid‐ and solid‐electrolyte‐based lithium‐ion batteries. A stabilizing effect from nanosheet coating is only observed for the cells with lithium thiophosphate SE.
(C8H6BrN2O)NO3: A Hybrid Nonlinear Optical Crystal With an Appropriate Birefringence
Authors: Shen Yaoguo , Niu Wanrui , Luo Yingjie , Zhou Yingwu , Xue Xiaoling , Liu Liqin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic planar groups have recently been used to construct nonlinear optical materials because of their large hyperpolarizability, and then most of the products have birefringence which is unfavorable to phase matching. Here, a new organic–inorganic hybrid nonlinear optical crystal (C8H6BrN2O)NO3 is synthesized by combining the π‐conjugated organic [C8H6BrN₂O]+ cation and inorganic [NO3]− anion as the fundamental building blocks. Surprisingly, it not only shows a large second‐harmonic generation response of 3.8 times that of the commercial K2HPO4 crystals, but also has a moderate birefringence of 0.08 at 550 nm. Furthermore, it demonstrates high thermal stability up to 220 °C despite its hybrid material characteristics. Single crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations confirm that the specific arrangement of NLO‐active [C8H6BrN₂O]+ groups with halogen branch chains and strong hydrogen bonding between two π‐conjugated groups leads to moderate birefringence and large frequency‐doubling effect. These findings provide a method to explore hybrid nonlinear optical crystals.
Reduced Graphene Oxides Skeleton Hybrid Interface Enables Long Lifespan Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Huang Shichuang , Zheng Shuyang , Yang Xukang , Zhong Huohong , Zheng Chengtao , Zhang Nan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the ever‐growing demands for the electrical energy storage market, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are showing great prospects owing to their good capacity, low cost, and high safety. Nevertheless, they also face significant challenges, particularly in the form of zinc dendrite growth and inadequate stability. Here, a strategy based on reduced graphene oxides‐zirconium dioxide (rGO/ZrO2) hybrid interface to enable long lifespan zinc metal anodes is proposed. Via in situ electrochemical deposition and self‐assembly method, rGO and ZrO2 are deposited on the zinc metal anode successively, and their loading is optimized subsequently. In the functionalized interface, rGO serves as the skeleton and improves electrolyte ion diffusion, while ZrO2 relieves the electric field concentration problem and inhibits dendrite growth. As a result, the Zn@rGO@ZrO2 symmetric cell achieves a highly reversible cycle of 3000 h at 2.0 mA cm−2/1.0 mA h cm−2 and fast reaction kinetics.
Photosensitive Hydrogel with Temperature‐Controlled Reversible Nano‐Apertures for Single‐Cell Protein Analysis
Authors: Xie Haiyang , Guo Wenke , Jiang Hui , Zhang Ting , Zhao Lei , Hu Jinjuan , Gao Shuxin , Song Sunfengda , Xu Jiasu , Xu Li , Sun Xinyi , Ding Yi , Jiang Lai , Ding Xianting 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSingle cell western blot (scWB) is one of the most important methods for cellular heterogeneity profiling. However, current scWB based on conventional photoactive polyacrylamide hydrogel material suffers from the tradeoff between in‐gel probing and separation resolution. Here, a highly sensitive temperature‐controlled single‐cell western blotting (tc‐scWB) method is introduced, which is based on a thermo/photo‐dualistic‐sensitive polyacrylamide hydrogel, namely acrylic acid‐functionalized graphene oxide (AFGO) assisted, N‐isopropylacrylamide modified polyacrylamide (ANP) hydrogel. The ANP hydrogel is contracted at high‐temperature to constrain protein band diffusion during microchip electrophoretic separation, while the gel aperture is expanded under low‐temperature for better antibody penetration into the hydrogel. The tc‐scWB method enables the separation and profiling of small‐molecule‐weight proteins with highly crosslinked gel (12% T) in SDS‐PAGE. The tc‐scWB is demonstrated on three metabolic and ER stress‐specific proteins (CHOP, MDH2 and FH) in four pancreatic cell subtypes, revealing the expression of key enzymes in the Krebs cycle is upregulated with enhanced ER stress. It is found that ER stress can regulate crucial enzyme (MDH2 and FH) activities of metabolic cascade in cancer cells, boosting aerobic respiration to attenuate the Warburg effect and promote cell apoptosis. The tc‐scWB is a general toolbox for the analysis of low‐abundance small‐molecular functional proteins at the single‐cell level.
Fail to plan, plan to fail. Are education policies in England helping teachers to deliver on the promise of democracy?
Authors: Sant Edda , Weinberg James , Thiel Jonas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines three questions: (1) (How) Is democracy promoted in secondary schools in England? (2) How is the promotion of democracy understood in education and teacher education policy? and (3) To what extent does existing education policy benefit the promotion of democracy in schools in England? To explore these questions, we first discuss the policy landscape surrounding democratic education in England. We then outline our data collection and analysis methods, which comprised (a) the coding of ten different policy documents, including curriculum specifications, teaching standards and inspection frameworks, and (b) the utilisation of an original survey of more than 3000 teachers working in approximately 50% of all secondary schools in England. Together, our data allow us to raise three important points. First, education and teacher education policy neglects to specify ‘how’ democracy should be promoted and by ‘whom’. Second, schools are offering scant provision of democratic education. Third, the majority of teachers feel fundamentally underprepared to teach democracy. We conclude this paper by arguing that, if policymakers do wish to promote democracy, there is a need for a cohesive policy and teacher education approach that guarantees democratic education for all.
Improved photoluminescence stability and defect passivation in SbBr3 post‐treated CsPbBr3 quantum dots under ambient conditions
Authors: S Sruthi , Suresh Swapnika , Subramaniam Mohan Raj , Batabyal Sudip K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInorganic cesium lead halide perovskites have evoked wide popularity because of their excellent optoelectronic properties, high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (PLQY), and narrowband emission. Here, cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized via the ligand‐assisted re‐precipitation method. Post‐synthesis treatment of CsPbBr3 QDs using antimony tribromide improved the PL stability and optoelectronic properties of the QDs. In addition, the PLQY of the post‐treated sample was enhanced to 91% via post‐treatment, and the luminescence observed was maintained for 8 days. The post‐synthesis treatment ensured defect passivation and improved the stability of CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of more ordered, uniform‐sized CsPbBr3 QDs after post‐synthesis treatment, and the uniformity of the sample improved as the day passed. The formation of a mixed crystal phase was observed from X‐ray diffraction in both as‐synthesized, as well as post‐treated QDs samples with the possibility of a polycrystalline nature in the post‐treated CsPbBr3 QDs as per the selected area electron diffraction pattern. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra confirmed the presence of antimony and the possibility of defect passivation in the post‐treated samples. These QDs can act as potential candidates in various optoelectronic applications such as photodetectors and light‐emitting diodes due to their high PLQY and longer lifetime.
Highly fluorescent nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots prepared using sucrose and urea: Green synthesis, characterization, and use for determination of torsemide in its tablets and plasma samples
Authors: Abo Zaid Mona H. , El‐Enany Nahed , Mostafa Aziza E. , Hadad Ghada M. , Belal Fathalla 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA simple and facile microwave‐assisted method was developed for the synthesis of highly fluorescent nitrogen‐doped carbon quantum dots (N‐CQDs) using sucrose and urea. The produced quantum dots exhibited a strong emission band at 376 nm after excitation at 216 nm with quantum yield of 0.57. The as‐prepared N‐CQDs were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, and ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐visible) spectra. The average particle size was 7.7 nm. It was found that torsemide (TRS) caused an obvious quenching of the fluorescent N‐CQDs; so, they were used for its spectrofluorometric estimation. An excellent linear correlation was found between the fluorescence quenching of N‐CQDs and the concentration of the drug in the range of 0.10 to 1.0 μg/mL with limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.08 μg/mL and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.027 μg/mL. The method was successfully applied for the assay of the drug in its commercial tablets and spiked human plasma samples, and the results obtained were satisfactory. Complex GAPI was used for greenness assessment of the analytical procedures and the pre‐analysis steps. Interference likely to be introduced from co‐administered drugs was also studied.
Enhancing the production of adeno‐associated virus (AAV)2 and AAV9 with high full capsid ratio in HEK293 cells through design‐of‐experiment optimization of triple plasmid ratio
Authors: Park Sungje , Shin Seunghyeon , Lee Haeshin , Jang Jae‐Hyung , Lee Gyun Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) vectors used in gene therapy are usually produced by transfecting three different plasmids (Adenoviral helper plasmid (pHelper), AAV rep/cap plasmids (pRepCap), and Transgene plasmid (pAAV‐GOI)) into human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. However, the high proportion of unwanted empty capsids generated during rAAV production is problematic. To simultaneously enhance the genome titer and full capsid ratio, the ratio of the three plasmids transfected into HEK293 cells was optimized using design‐of‐experiment (DoE). AAV2 and AAV9, which have different production kinetics, were selected as cell‐associated and secreted model AAVs, respectively. In 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, the genome titers of rAAV2 and rAAV9 at DoE‐optimized plasmid weight ratios (pHelper:pRep2Cap2:pAAV‐GOI = 1:3.52:0.50 for rAAV2 and pHelper:pRep2Cap9:pAAV‐GOI = 1:1.44:0.27 for rAAV9) were 2.23‐fold and 2.26‐fold higher than those in the widely used plasmid weight ratio (1:1:1), respectively. In addition, compared with the plasmid ratio of 1:1:1, the relative VP3 band intensities of rAAV2 and rAAV9, which represent the relative empty capsid ratios, were reduced by 26% and 25%, respectively, at the DoE‐optimized plasmid ratio. Reduced empty capsid ratios in the DoE‐optimized plasmid ratios were also confirmed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Taken together, regardless of the AAV serotype, DoE‐aided optimization of the triple plasmid ratio was found to be an efficient means of improving the production of rAAV with a high full capsid ratio.
The impact of green supply chain management on corporate environmental performance and the moderating roles: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Galdos‐Urbizu Libe , Zubeltzu‐Jaka Eugenio , Erauskin‐Tolosa Artitzar , Etxeberria Igor Alvarez 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe adoption of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) and its impact on firm's performance is gaining importance in both academic and corporate fields. While past studies found a positive relationship between GSCM and Corporate Environmental Performance (CEP), there is no evidence of either which are the green practices that improve CEP the most or the moderating roles that affect such relationship. In order to provide clarity as to which tools are key in leading to a stronger CEP, this study aims to examine how GSCM relates to CEP, under the effect of several moderating roles. To that end, 166 articles published between 2001 and 2023 were included in our meta‐analysis sample. Our central results reveal that the link between the variables is significantly positive, with investment recovery being the practice with the strongest impact. Moreover, it is confirmed that moderators do have an impact in this relationship. Practical implications are relevant for policy makers and upper management that is willing to introduce environmental thinking in their business strategy.
Impact of frozen storage under static electric field on frozen gluten rheological properties
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Zhang Siqi , Sun Menghui , An Guangjie , Wang Hongwei , Zhang Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesElectrostatic fields, as a new food physical processing technology, can effectively improve the quality of frozen food. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of electrostatic field‐assisted frozen storage (SEF) on dough rheological properties, gluten structure, and its mechanism.FindingsThe results showed that the G′ and G" of the gluten were efficiently maintained by SEF throughout frozen storage. Meanwhile, after 8 weeks of frozen storage, the relative contents of α‐helices were 25.28% and 24.76%, respectively, and the relative contents of random coils were 40.58% and 41.25%, respectively, in SEFs compared with the control group. This suggested that SEFs might affect the recrystallization of ice crystals by changing the orientation of water molecules, which, in turn, alleviated the disruption of protein secondary structural order. SEF had no effect on the gauche‐gauche‐gauche conformation. SEF reduced damage to protein senior structure by frozen storage. The glutenin macropolymer (GMP) depolymerization of the control and SEF groups was 28.55% and 28.17%, respectively, and the SEF decelerated the GMP depolymerization.ConclusionsSEF slowed the disruption of the molecular structure by reducing the depolymerization of GMP and slowing the depolymerization of the α‐helix, thus maintaining the viscoelasticity of the gluten.Significance and NoveltyExploring the mechanism of the effect of electrostatic field‐assisted frozen storage on gluten quality.
Failure of lipid control by PCSK9 inhibitors in compound heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia complicated with premature myocardial infarction: A case report
Authors: Zhang Ziyue , Yang Rongpei , Zhu Jun , Yang XiaoLi , Luo Hao , Wang Hongyong , Luo Xiaoli 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageA certain level of low‐density lipoprotein receptor activity is crucial for the efficacy of PCSK9i. Therapeutic strategies for familial hypercholesterolemia patients should consider drug efficacy, and genetic testing will be helpful.AbstractFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a serious autosomal dominant disorder. Managing blood lipids in FH patients poses greater challenges for clinicians. Drug therapy may not always yield satisfactory results, particularly in individuals with low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) negative mutations. Herein, we report a young female harboring an LDLR frameshift mutation. This patient developed xanthomas at 7 months old and underwent several years of treatment involving four classes of lipid‐lowering drugs, including PCSK9i. However, the response to drug therapy was limited in this patient and eventually culminated in premature myocardial infarction. The efficacy of PCSK9i depends on the activity of LDLR. The inefficacy of PCSK9i may arise from the extensive mutations which leading to loss of LDLR activity. Therapy plans for these patients should take into account the efficacy of drug therapy. Early genetic testing is crucial for clinicians to make informed decisions regarding therapy options.
Catalysts for Direct Seawater Electrolysis: Current Status and Future Prospectives
Authors: Kasani Alei , Maric Radenka , Bonville Leonard , Bliznakov Stoyan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobal freshwater shortage is forcing researchers to focus on seawater electrolysis for large‐scale green hydrogen production. Seawater purification by reverse osmosis (RO) for use in conventional water electrolyzers (WEs) is another approach, however, that requires large capital investments. Alternatively, seawater can be used directly in a novel type of anion exchange membrane WE (AEMWE) which is currently under development. The AEMWEs have the advantage of using non‐precious catalysts and are less sensitive to the presence of impurities. Success in this early‐stage technology relies on the development of efficient and durable electrocatalysts. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the status and future trends for developing catalysts operating directly with seawater. Catalysts are ranked based on their activity and durability at high current densities of 500 mAcm−2 and 1000 mAcm−2. Notable anode catalysts, S−NiFe2O4, and NiFe LDH, exhibit reduced OER overpotentials of 287 mV and 296 mV at 1000 mAcm−2. Top‐performing cathode HER catalysts include HW−NiMoN‐2 h (132 mV) and Pt−Co−Mo (117 mV) at 1000 mAcm−2. Bifunctional catalysts, such as CoxPv@NC can operate below an overall voltage of 2 V at 1000 mAcm−2. This comparative analysis provides researchers and professionals with critical insights for advancing direct seawater electrolysis.
Anilato‐Based Coordination Polymers with Slow Relaxation of the Magnetization: Role of the Synthetic Method and Anilato Ligand
Authors: Benmansour Samia , Pintado‐Zaldo Cristina , Casal‐García Sofía H. , Martínez‐Ponce Javier , Gómez‐García Carlos J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe have prepared and characterized three coordination polymers formulated as [Dy2(C6O4Cl2)3(fma)6] ⋅ 4.5fma (1) and [Dy2(C6O4X2)3(fma)6] ⋅ 4fma ⋅ 2H2O with X=Br (2) and Cl (3), where fma=formamide and C6O4X22−=3,6‐disubstituted‐2,5‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone dianion with X=Cl (chloranilato) and Br (bromanilato). Compounds 1 and 3 are solvates obtained with slow and fast precipitation methods, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 are isostructural and only differ in the X group of the anilato ligand. The three compounds present (6,3)‐gon two‐dimensional hexagonal honey‐comb structures. Magnetic measurements indicate that the three compounds show slow relaxation of the magnetization at low temperatures when a continuous magnetic field is applied, although with different relaxation times and energy barriers depending on X and the crystallisation molecules. Compounds 1–3 represent the first examples of anilato‐based lattices with formamide and field‐induced slow relaxation of the magnetization.
Interactions among stress, behavioral inhibition, and delta–beta coupling predict adolescent anxiety during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ramos Michelle L. , Zhou Anna M. , Lytle Marisa N. , Myruski Sarah , Pérez‐Edgar Koraly , Buss Kristin A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic brought about unprecedented changes and uncertainty to the daily lives of youth. The range of adjustment in light of a near‐universal experience of COVID restrictions highlights the importance of identifying factors that may render some individuals more susceptible to heightened levels of anxiety during stressful life events than others. Two risk factors to consider are temperamental behavioral inhibition (BI) and difficulties in emotion regulation (ER). As such, the current paper focused on BI examined prior to COVID, because of its developmental link to anxiety and ER, as difficulties may be associated with differences in anxiety. We examined a neurocognitive marker of ER processes, delta–beta coupling (DBC). The current paper had two goals: (1) to examine BI in relation to COVID‐related worry and social anxiety experienced during the pandemic, and (2) to explore the role of individual differences in early DBC in the relationship between BI and anxiety outcomes 6 months apart during COVID‐19 (n = 86; T1 Mage = 15.95, SD = 1.73; T6 Mage = 16.43, SD = 1.73). We found support for the moderating role of DBC in the relationship between BI levels and social anxiety disorder (SAD) symptom severity during the pandemic. Here, high BI was predictive of increased SAD symptom levels in adolescents with stronger DBC.