bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of anemia as an independent predictor of response to chemotherapy and survival in dogs with lymphoma: 96 cases (1993–2006)
Authors: Abbo Andrew H. , Lucroy Michael D. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether the presence of anemia (Hct ≤ 37%) at the time of diagnosis of lymphoma is a negative prognostic indicator for response to treatment and survival time in dogs that are undergoing chemotherapy.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—96 dogs with lymphoma that were receiving chemotherapy.
Procedures—Information regarding signalment, initial hematologic data, chemotherapy protocol, clinical response, and date of death was retrospectively collected from medical records of dogs with lymphoma. Univariate, multivariate, and survival analyses were performed to determine the effect of anemia on initial response to chemotherapy and on survival time.
Results—Overall, dogs without anemia (n = 56) were 4 times as likely as dogs with anemia (40) to have a complete response following chemotherapy. Anemic dogs had a significantly shorter median survival time (139 days), compared with survival time of nonanemic dogs (315 days). Subset analysis of dogs with multicentric lymphoma (matched for clinical stage and chemotherapy protocol) revealed that the dogs with anemia (n = 24) had a significantly shorter median survival time (101 days), compared with survival time of dogs without anemia (24; 284 days). Other variables were not associated with survival time.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—These findings suggested that anemia is a negative prognostic factor for dogs with lymphoma that are undergoing chemotherapy. Further investigation will be necessary to determine the impact of resolution of anemia on clinical outcome in dogs with lymphoma.
Prevalence, clinical features, and causes of epistaxis in dogs: 176 cases (1996–2001)
Authors: Bissett Sally A. , Drobatz Kenneth J. , McKnight Alexia , Degernes Laurel A. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine prevalence, clinical features, and causes of epistaxis in dogs.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—176 dogs with epistaxis.
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed for information related to signalment, clinical features, diagnosis, and outcome.
Results—132 (75%) dogs were initially examined by the hospital's emergency service; prevalence of epistaxis was 0.3%. Dogs with epistaxis were more likely to be old (≥ 6 years), male, and large (≥ 26 kg [58.5 lb]) than were dogs in a reference population. In 109 (62%) dogs with epistaxis, an underlying cause was identified; 115 underlying disorders were identified, with 90 classified as local and 25 classified as systemic. Local causes of epistaxis included nasal neoplasia (n = 35), trauma (33), idiopathic rhinitis (20), and periapical abscess (2). Systemic causes included thrombocytopenia (12), thrombocytopathia (7), coagulopathy (3), hypertension (2), and vasculitis (1). Dogs with local causes were more likely to have unilateral than bilateral epistaxis, but 11 of 21 (52%) dogs with systemic disorders also had unilateral epistaxis. Dogs with systemic disorders were more likely to have clinical signs of systemic disease. Duration of epistaxis (acute vs chronic), severity, and duration of hospitalization were similar for dogs with local versus systemic disorders.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that epistaxis was a common disorder in dogs and frequently regarded as an emergency. Local causes of epistaxis were predominant, but clinical features traditionally thought to be helpful in distinguishing local versus systemic causes could not be reliably used for this purpose.
Hemangiosarcoma in cats: 53 cases (1992–2002)
Authors: Johannes Chad M. , Henry Carolyn J. , Turnquist Susan E. , Hamilton Terrance A. , Smith Annette N. , Chun Ruthanne , Tyler Jeff W. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To characterize the biological behavior and prognostic factors associated with hemangiosarcoma in cats.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—53 cats with hemangiosarcoma.
Procedures—Data were retrieved from a state veterinary diagnostic laboratory, 3 veterinary colleges, and a private practice.
Results—Cutaneous and subcutaneous tumor locations were more common than visceral (abdominal and thoracic) and oral locations. Surgical excision was the primary treatment in 47 cats. Tumor-free surgical margins were more likely in cutaneous than subcutaneous lesions and were associated with longer survival times. Local recurrence was observed in 6 of 12 cats with subcutaneous lesions for which follow-up was available. Metastatic disease was detected in 5 of 13 cats with adequate staging at initial diagnosis. A sixth cat had pulmonary metastases at the time of euthanasia. In 4 of 10 cats with visceral hemangiosarcoma, the diagnosis was made at necropsy or they were euthanized at the time of diagnosis. Adjuvant therapy was uncommonly used. Eighteen of the 21 known deaths or euthanasias were tumor-related. Higher mitotic counts (> 3 in 10 hpfs) were associated with shorter survival times.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Subcutaneous hemangiosarcoma was more biologically aggressive than the cutaneous form and was more likely to recur locally and result in euthanasia or death of the cat. Metastatic potential of the cutaneous and subcutaneous forms may be greater than previously reported. Visceral hemangiosarcoma is associated with a grave prognosis.
A multicenter case-control study of risk factors for equine protozoal myeloencephalitis
Authors: Cohen Noah D. , MacKay Robert J. , Toby Ellen , Andrews Frank M. , Barr Bonnie S. , Beech Jill , Bernard William V. , Clark Carol K. , Divers Thomas J. , Furr Martin O. , Kohn Catherine W. , Levy Michel , Reed Stephen M. , Seahorn Thomas L. , Slovis Nathan M. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To identify risk factors for equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) among horses examined at 11 equine referral hospitals.
Design—Case-control study.
Animals—183 horses with EPM, 297 horses with neurologic disease other than EPM (neurologic controls), and 168 horses with non-neurologic diseases (non-neurologic controls) examined at 11 equine referral hospitals in the United States.
Procedures—A study data form was completed for all horses. Data were compared between the case group and each of the control groups by means of bivariate and multivariate polytomous logistic regression.
Results—Relative to neurologic control horses, case horses were more likely to be ≥ 2 years old and to have a history of cats residing on the premises. Relative to non-neurologic control horses, case horses were more likely to be used for racing or Western performance.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that cats may play a role in the natural epidemiology of EPM, that the disease is less common among horses < 2 years of age relative to other neurologic diseases, and that horses used for particular types of competition may have an increased risk of developing EPM.
Effect of repeated administration of oxytocin during diestrus on duration of function of corpora lutea in mares
Authors: Vanderwall Dirk K. , Rasmussen Desirée M. , Woods Gordon L. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether IM administration of exogenous oxytocin twice daily on days 7 to 14 after ovulation blocks luteolysis and causes prolonged function of corpora lutea (CL) in mares.
Design—Prospective study.
Animals—12 mares.
Procedures—Beginning on the day of ovulation (day 0), jugular blood samples were collected every other day until day 40 for determination of progesterone concentration. On day 7, mares (n = 6/group) were treated with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control group) or oxytocin. Beginning on day 7, control mares received 3 mL of sterile saline solution every 12 hours, IM, and oxytocin-treated mares received 60 units of oxytocin every 12 hours, IM, through day 14. Mares were considered to have prolonged CL function if progesterone concentration remained > 1.0 ng/mL continuously through day 30.
Results—The proportion of mares with prolonged CL function was significantly higher in the oxytocin-treated group (6/6), compared with the control group (0/6). All control mares underwent luteolysis by day 16, at which time their progesterone concentrations were < 1.0 ng/mL. In contrast, all 6 oxytocin-treated mares maintained progesterone concentrations > 1.0 ng/mL continuously through day 30.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—IM administration of 60 units of oxytocin twice daily on days 7 to 14 after ovulation was an efficacious method of inhibiting luteolysis and extending CL function in mares. Disrupting luteolysis by administering exogenous oxytocin during diestrus appears to be a plausible and practical method of long-term suppression of estrus in mares.
Transendoscopic, laser-assisted ventriculocordectomy for treatment of left laryngeal hemiplegia in horses: 22 cases (1999–2005)
Authors: Henderson Cortney E. , Sullins Kenneth E. , Brown Jennifer A. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine long-term effects of transendoscopic, laser-assisted ventriculocordectomy (LAVC) on airway noise and performance in horses with naturally occurring left laryngeal hemiplegia.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—22 horses with left laryngeal hemiplegia treated by means of LAVC.
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed and initial complaint, intended use of the horse, duration of abnormal airway noise, preoperative performance level, endoscopic findings, surgical procedure, postoperative treatment, and complications were recorded. Follow-up telephone interviews with owners and trainers were conducted to determine time for return to intended use, level of postoperative performance, and percentage reduction in airway noise.
Results—All horses were examined because of excessive airway noise; 10 (45%) had concurrent exercise intolerance. Left ventriculocordectomy was performed in all 22 horses; bilateral ventriculocordectomy (right ventriculocordectomy was done 1 year later) was performed in 1 horse (5%). Complications occurred in 3 (14%) horses. Twenty (91%) horses returned to their intended use. Excessive airway noise was eliminated after surgery in 18 (82%) horses; exercise intolerance improved postoperatively in 8 of 10 horses. Three racing Thoroughbreds returned to racing; 1 additional racehorse returned to racing but required a laryngoplasty 1 year later to continue racing.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that LAVC was an effective procedure for elimination of excessive airway noise and improvement of performance in horses with left laryngeal hemiplegia.
Effect of passive transfer status on preweaning growth performance in dairy goat kids
Authors: Massimini Genesio , Mastellone Vincenzo , Britti Domenico , Lombardi Pietro , Avallone Luigi 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effect of passive transfer status (determined from measurements of serum IgG concentration at 24 hours after parturition [sIgG-24]) on preweaning growth performance in dairy goat kids.
Design—Prospective observational study.
Animals—20 healthy nursing dairy doe kids in a natural nonintensive breeding environment.
Procedures—For each kid, sIgG-24 was measured. Body weight was measured at birth and at the time of weaning 30 days (ie, 29 to 31 days) after birth; average daily gain from birth to day 30 and weight at day 30 were used as measures of preweaning growth performance. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between sIgG-24 and measures of preweaning growth performance.
Results—Mean ± SD sIgG-24 was 31.7 ± 10.3 mg/mL. Mean body weights at birth and weaning were 4.105 ± 0.981 kg (9.031 ± 2.158 lb) and 9.310 ± 2.554 kg (20.482 ± 5.619 lb), respectively; average daily gain was 0.174 ± 0.072 kg/d (0.383 ± 0.158 lb/d). No significant association was detected between sIgG-24 and birth weight. However, sIgG-24 was significantly associated with average daily gain (R2 = 0.48) and weight at day 30 (R2 = 0.56). Each increase in sIgG-24 of 1 mg/mL was associated with an increase in average daily gain of 0.005 kg/d (0.011 lb/d) and an increase in weight at day 30 of 0.185 kg (0.407 lb).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that passive transfer status (determined as sIgG-24) was a significant source of variation in preweaning growth performance in dairy doe kids reared in this nonintensive breeding environment.
Naturally transmitted herpesvirus papio-2 infection in a black and white colobus monkey
Authors: Troan Brigid V. , Perelygina Ludmila , Patrusheva Irina , Wettere Arnaud J. van , Hilliard Julia K. , Loomis Michael R. , Voe Ryan S. De 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Case Description—A 6.5-year-old female eastern black and white colobus monkey (Colobus guereza) was evaluated after acute onset of ataxia and inappetence.
Clinical Findings—The monkey was ataxic and lethargic, but no other abnormalities were detected via physical examination, radiography, or clinicopathologic analyses. During the next 2 days, the monkey's clinical condition deteriorated, and its WBC count decreased dramatically. Cytologic examination of a CSF sample revealed marked lymphohistiocytic inflammation.
Treatment and Outcome—Despite supportive care, the monkey became apneic; after 20 hours of mechanical ventilation, fatal cardiac arrest occurred. At necropsy, numerous petechiae were detected within the white matter tracts of the brain; microscopic lesions of multifocal necrosis and hemorrhage with intranuclear inclusions identified in the brain and adrenal glands were consistent with an acute herpesvirus infection. A specific diagnosis of herpesvirus papio-2 (HVP-2) infection was made on the basis of results of serologic testing; PCR assay of tissue specimens; live virus isolation from the lungs; and immunohistochemical identification of the virus within brain, spinal cord, and adrenal gland lesions. Via phylogenetic tree analysis, the colobus HVP-2 isolate was grouped with neuroinvasive strains of the virus. The virus was most likely transmitted to the colobus monkey through toys shared with a nearby colony of baboons (the natural host of HVP-2).
Clinical Relevance—To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of natural transmission of HVP-2 to a nonhost species. Infection with HVP-2 should be a differential diagnosis for acute encephalopathy in primate monkeys and humans, particularly following exposure to baboons.
A new species of Philometra (Nematoda, Philometridae) from the gonads of the rock hind Epinephelus adscensionis (Osteichthyes) from the southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Moravec František , Salgado-Maldonado Guillermo 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA new species of parasitic nematode, Philometra mexicana sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described based on males and females parasitizing the gonads of the marine perciform fish (rock hind) Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck) (Serranidae) off the coast of the southern Gulf of Mexico (reefs of the Enmedio Island, Veracruz), Mexico, collected on 10 April 1990. The new species is characterized mainly by very small males (body length 1.63–1.86 mm) with equally long, needle-like spicules (length 90–120 μm) and the gubernaculum (57–66 μm) without the usual dorsal barb on the distal end, the body length of gravid females (178–230 mm), the presence of a well-developed anterior bulbous inflation on the female oesophagus, and by the length of the first-stage larvae (420–435 μm). A comparison with other congeners parasitizing the gonads of marine fishes is provided. The cephalic end of the gravid female of Philometra margolisi Moravec, Vidal-Martínez et Aguirre-Macedo, 1995, another related species from the gonads of Epinephelus [E. morio (Valenciennes)] in Mexico, has been studied by SEM for the first time; it confirms the arrangement of the cephalic papillae as reported in the original species description. Philometra mexicana is the fifth species of Philometra reported from the gonads of marine fishes in the West Atlantic region.
Two new species of Pharyngodonidae (Nematoda, Oxyuroidea) in Gekko ulikovskii from Vietnam
Authors: Binh Tran , Bursey Charles , Goldberg Stephen 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPharyngodon duci sp. nov. and Spauligodon vietnamensis sp. nov. (Nematoda, Pharyngodonidae) from the large intestine of a gecko, Gekko ulikovskii (Sauria, Gekkonidae), from Vietnam are described and illustrated. Pharyngodon duci is the 35th species assigned to the genus and is separated from its congeners based upon the lack of a spicule, egg morphology, mouth morphology and cloacal lip morphology. Spauligodon vietnamensis is the 44th species assigned to the genus and is separated from its congeners by the lack of a spicule, egg morphology, and tail filament morphology.
Sarcocystis arctosi sp. nov. (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) from the brown bear (Ursus arctos), and its genetic similarity to schizonts of Sarcocystis canis-like parasite associated with fatal hepatitis in polar bears (Ursus maritimus)
Authors: Dubey J. , Rosenthal Benjamin , Sundar Natarajan , Velmurugan G. , Beckmen Kimberlee 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe tissues of herbivores are commonly infected with cysts of parasites belonging to the apicomplexan genus Sarcocystis, but such sarcocysts are rare in bears. Here, we describe a new species, Sarcocystis arctosi, based on the mature sarcocysts identified in two brown bears (Ursus arctos) from Alaska, USA. Microscopic sarcocysts (37–75 × 20–42 μm) had thin walls (<1 μm). The outer layer of the sarcocyst, the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (pvm), was wavy in outline and had minute undulations that did not invaginate towards the sarcocyst interior; these undulations occurred at irregular intervals and measured up to 100 nm in length and up to 60 nm width. The ground substance layer beneath the pvm was smooth and lacked microtubules. Longitudinally cut bradyzoites measured 5.6–6.8 × 0.7–1.8 μm. A major portion of nuclear small subunit rDNA sequence obtained from these sarcocysts was similar to that previously obtained from the hepatic schizonts of a S. canis-like parasite from polar bears (Ursus maritimus).
New host and distribution records of Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)
Authors: Escudero Graciela , Diaz Julia , Notarnicola Juliana 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe nematode Pelecitus fulicaeatrae (Diesing, 1861) (Onchocercidae, Dirofilariinae) was found in the leg of a silvery grebe Podiceps occipitalis (Garnot, 1826) (Aves, Podicipediformes) at Puerto Madryn, Argentina. The specimens redescribed in this note are based on 7 females and 3 males. This is the first Argentinean record for this species and the second for South America, and represents the southern-most record of a species from this genus.
Nanomaterials for Medical Applications
Authors: Kumar Challa S. S. R 
Published: December 2007

AbstractNanomaterials are anticipated to revolutionize disease detection and treatment leading to the realization of a potential world market of medical nanotechnology estimated to be > $3 billion within the next 5 years. This article provides an up to date summary of the current research investigations on Nanomaterials for medical applications. Nanomaterials have been categorized based on their shape, and within each shape they have been further categorized based on their chemical composition. Similarly, the medical applications have been categorized into four main sections:medical diagnosis, medical treatment, medical devices, and tissue engineering. Prior to the discussion of medical applications, approaches to biofunctionalization of nanomaterials are also presented as it is very important that the nanomaterials are compatible in biological environment for their application in medicine.
Enantioselective CC Bond Ligation Using Recombinant Escherichia coli‐Whole‐Cell Biocatalysts
Authors: de María Pablo Domínguez , Stillger Thomas , Pohl Martina , Kiesel Michael , Liese Andreas , Gröger Harald , Trauthwein Harald 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThiamine diphosphate (ThDP)‐dependent enzymes like benzaldehyde lyase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (BAL) and benzoylformate decarboxylase from Pseudomonas putida (BFD) are versatile biocatalysts for the CC bond ligation of aldehydes to form enantiomerically pure 2‐hydroxy ketones. However, the large‐scale application of this enzyme class is often restricted by the required external addition of the expensive cofactor ThDP, as well as by the common use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cosolvent, which leads to problems during the work‐up procedure. In the present paper we demonstrate that the addition of the excess cofactors, ThDP and magnesium ions (Mg2+), is not required when BAL or BFD are used in Escherichia coli resting cells. Furthermore, the combination of these resting cells with a biphasic reaction medium [methyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE)/aqueous buffer] allows an increase of the substrate concentration up to 1 M, and an efficient extractive work‐up. As a practical example, e.g., the synthesis of (R)‐2‐hydroxy‐3,3‐dimethoxy‐phenylpropanone from benzaldehyde and 2,2‐dimethoxyacetaldehyde was optimized, achieving an isolated yield of 78 %, and an enantiomeric excess of 98 % ee in 24 h when operating at a substrate concentration of 0.4 M. The described reaction system in a biphasic medium is suitable for a wide range of aldehydes as substrates. The biphasic reaction medium minimizes also the formation of by‐products, which were observed when this reaction was performed in the conventional DMSO/buffer system.
Novel and Mild Route to Phthalocyanines and 3‐Iminoisoindolin‐1‐ones via N,N‐Diethylhydroxylamine‐Promoted Conversion of Phthalonitriles and a Dramatic Solvent‐Dependence of the Reaction
Authors: Luzyanin Konstantin V. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu. , Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Nazarov Alexey A. , Galanski Mathea Sophia , Pombeiro Armando J. L. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractRefluxing a mixture of phthalonitrile C6R1R2R3R4(CN)2 1 (R1–R4=H), or its substituted derivatives 2 (R1, R3, R4=H, R2=Me), or 3 (R1, R4=H, R2, R3=Cl) (1 equiv.) and N,N‐diethylhydroxylamine, Et2NOH, (4 equivs.) in methanol for 4 h results (Route A) in precipitation of the symmetrical (6 and 8) and an isomeric mixture of unsymmetrical (7) phthalocyanines, isolated in good (55–65 %) yields. The reaction of phthalonitriles 1, 2, or 4 (R1, R3, R4=H, R2=NO2) (4 equivs.) with Et2NOH (8 equivs.) in the presence of a metal salt MCl2 (M=Zn, Cd, Co, Ni) (1 equiv.) in n‐BuOH or without solvent results in the formation of metallated phthalocyanine species (9–17). Upon refluxing in freshly distilled dry chloroform, phthalonitrile 1 or its substituted analogues 2, 3 or 5 (R1–R4=F) (1 equiv.) react with N,N‐diethylhydroxylamine (2 equivs.) affording 3‐iminoisoindolin‐1‐ones 18–21 (Route B) isolated in good yields (55–80 %). All the prepared compounds were characterized with C, H, and N elemental analyses, ESI‐MS, IR, and compounds 18–21 also by 1D (1H, 13C{1H}), and 2D (1H,15N‐HMBC and 1H,13C‐HMQC, 1H,13C‐HMBC) NMR spectroscopy.
Dendritic Chiral Phosphine Lewis Bases‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Aza‐Morita–Baylis–Hillman Reaction of N‐Sulfonated Imines with Activated Olefins
Authors: Liu Ying‐hao , Shi Min 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA series of polyether dendritic chiral phosphine Lewis bases was synthesized, and successfully applied to the asymmetric aza‐Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction of N‐sulfonated imines (N‐arylmethylidene‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamides) with methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK), and acrolein to give the adducts in good to excellent yields along with up to 97 % ee, which are more effective than our previously reported original chiral phosphine Lewis bases. In addition, the dendrimer‐supported chiral phosphine Lewis bases can be easily recovered and reused.