bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration of teeth in shortened dental arches
Authors: WITTER D. J. , VAN ELTEREN P. , KÄYSER A. F. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn shortened dental arches (SDA) the remaining premolars tend to migrate distally. This may lead to a decrease of the vertical dimension, resulting in an increased load on the anterior teeth. Consequently the number and intensity of the occlusal contacts between the front teeth increase. This may result in interdental spacing in the upper front region. In this study the pattern of migration of the teeth in subjects with SDA (n=60) is described. The SDA group is compared with subjects having complete dental arches (n=72). Although a systemic effect of SDA has been found on interdental spacing for subjects under 40 years of age, it is concluded that this migration is within acceptable levels.
The influence of sleep duration on headache pain and frontalis EMG
Authors: MOSS R. A. , McCLURE J. T. , JACKSON M. C. , LOMBARDO T. W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryRecent evidence has been presented suggesting that ‘depression’ headaches and classic migraines may be related to extended sleep duration. This analogue study was designed to evaluate the possibility that mild to moderate headaches induced by excessive sleep might be related to increased muscle activity. Eight subjects who experienced headaches as a function of increasing sleep duration by 2 h were evaluated in headache (i.e., extended sleep) and a non‐headache (i.e., normal sleep) conditions. Sex‐ and sleep‐duration matched controls were evaluated under the same sleep conditions, although none experienced headaches. Frontalis electromyographic (EMG) data were evaluated in a 2 × 2 analysis of variance. The results indicated no EMG differences between groups or across sleep conditions, even though all experimental subjects experienced headaches on the extended sleep night. Discussion focuses on the implication of these results for future headache research.
Follow‐up study of silent periods in complete denture wearers
Authors: TALLGREN A. , McCALL W. D. , MANSOUR N. N. , ASH M. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryElectromyographic silent periods in response to chin taps during clench were recorded from the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles. Ten complete denture wearers were observed up to the 1‐year stage of denture wear and eight patients up to the 2‐year stage. Silent periods were also recorded from patients clenching on paper rolls in place of the dentures.Regarding the patterns of the silent periods, similar observations of double silent periods were made as in our previous study up to the half‐year stage of denture wear (McCall, Tallgren & Ash, 1979). The frequency of the double silent periods was 13.8% at the 1‐year stage and 7.3% at the 2‐year stage.The mean duration of the silent periods did not differ significantly at the 1‐year and 2‐year stages. The mean silent period duration when clenching on paper rolls without dentures in the mouth was significantly shorter than when clenching with the dentures.
Digital phonoarthrometry of temporomandibular joint sounds: a preliminary report
Authors: CIANCAGLINI R. , SORINI M. , DE CICCO L. , BRODOLONI F. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA new technique is presented for recording and evaluating the dysfunctional TMJ sounds on an objective basis. The physical implications related to TMJ phonoarthrometry (PAM) are discussed and three cases are presented. The phonoarthrography and the digital phonoarthrometry presented in this paper can be a useful harmless diagnostic tool. Differential diagnosis of TMJ pathology is possible on the basis of an acoustical analysis and it is hoped that future investigation will confirm these observations.
The orthopantomogram, an aid in diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems. I. The factor of vertical magnification
Authors: HABETS L. L. M. H. , BEZUUR J. N. , VAN OOIJ C. P. , HANSSON T. L. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAs an orthopantomogram provides bilateral information, it seems to be an efficient tool for screening for arthropathy of craniomandibular disorders. An experimental model was designed and constructed to resemble a human mandible. By changing the position of the model in the horizontal plane of the orthopantomograph, nine different images were analysed for changes of vertical magnifications. Emphasis was put on large parts of the mandible like the condyle. In positions that had been altered less than 10 mm from the originally centred position of the mandible in the orthopantomograph, vertical differences between the left and right sides were less than 6%. Observed condylar asymmetries within a 6% difference might, therefore, be due to technical failures.
Patient satisfaction after insertion of an osseointegrated implant bridge
Authors: HOOGSTRATEN J. , LAMERS L. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe general and specific satisfaction of patients treated with a jawbone‐anchored bridge was compared with their pretreatment satisfaction with dentures (condition 1, n=31). Patients who asked for information on the osseointegration method but did not apply for treatment (condition 2, n=32), and a group of patients that did not ask for information (condition 3, n=10) were also questioned on their satisfaction with dentures. The results indicated that condition 1 subjects were both socially and physically substantially more satisfied with their bridge than with their earlier dentures. On all satisfaction measures condition 3 subjects indicated more satisfaction with dentures than either condition 1 or condition 2 subjects. There were no significant differences between the three groups on several personality characteristics (neuroticism, test‐taking attitudes, internal/external control). Condition 3 subjects were less extrovert (socially oriented) than the other subjects. Condition 1 subjects made several suggestions towards improvement of the pre‐ and post‐operation phase, concerning the amount of pain involved and the cleaning of the bridge, etc.
Force transmission and retentive capabilities utilizing labial and palatal I‐bar partial dentures
Authors: HIGHTON R. , CAPUTO A. , MATYAS J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA maxillary photoelastic model was constructed to determine the retention and force transmission characteristics of a bilateral distal extension base partial denture. Comparisons were made using palatal and labial I‐bars. It was shown that there were no significant differences in retention and force transmission between palatal and labial I‐bars. From a stress and retention standpoint, it may be concluded that the use of palatal I‐bars is a viable alternative to the labial I‐bars, especially where aesthetics is of primary concern.
The amplitude distribution of electromyographic activity in painful masseter muscles during unilateral chewing
Authors: HAGBERG C. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the amplitude distribution of electromyographic activity (EMG) in terms of muscular load revealed any differences between patients with painful masseter muscles and referents* during the chewing of an almond and of gum. The relative masticatory forces of the masseter muscle and the anterior temporal muscle during chewing were calculated by a transformation of the muscular load levels of EMG activity (μV) to load levels of relative masticatory force (%RVC). This was done by regression in reverse of an isometric reference voluntary contraction (RVC) for EMG versus bite force biting on a bite‐force sensor. The maximal bite‐force values for patients and referents were similar. The relative masticatory force for chewing an almond was higher than that for gum‐chewing. The peaks of the relative masticatory forces were similar for both patients and referents. During the chewing of an almond the relative masticatory forces of the masseter muscle below the peak load were higher for patients than referents. During gum‐chewing the patients used higher forces than referents for 70% of the total chewing time analysed. This also applied to the anterior temporal muscle when chewing an almond. Estimates of the peak masticatory forces were calculated in newtons.
Partial edentulism, prosthetic treatment and oral function in a Dutch population
Authors: BATTISTUZZI P. , KÄYSER A. , KANTERS N. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe aim of this study was to gain a better insight into the location and frequency of prosthetic replacements and the consequences of tooth loss on oral function. The sample, stratified according to socio‐economic class and age, consisted of 750 subjects. The investigation was done by questionnaire and clinical examination. In the lower social levels the percentage of removable prostheses was lower than in the higher levels. An average of 60% of all open tooth spaces were not prosthetically restored. In the lower jaw 1 to 3 free‐end spaces were completed with removable partial dentures (RPD). The present study did not support a relationship between missing teeth or number of contacting pairs and the functioning of the dentition. The distribution of antagonistic contacts in the dental arch seems to be of more importance.
Limited mandibular mobility and potential jaw dysfunction
Authors: BALTHAZAR Y. , ZIEBERT G. , DONEGAN S. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis investigation studied relationships between signs and symptoms of potential mandibular dysfunction and limitations of maximum active depression and maximum active lateral excursion of the mandible in young adult males. Mouth opening capacity was not associated with symptoms and signs thought to be clinically indicative of the status of the mandibular locomotor system. Limitations of mandibular lateral excursions, on the other hand, were associated with signs and symptoms of potential mandibular dysfunction, but not with signs and symptoms from the tem‐poromandibular joints.
Properties of a modified cross‐linked silicone for maxillofacial prostheses
Authors: FARAH J. W. , ROBINSON J. C. , KORAN A. , CRAIG R. G. , HOOD J. A. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA dimethyl siloxane‐triacetoxy terminated silane, Type A adhesive, can be modified with the base component of a medium grade polydimethyl siloxane with vinyl groups, MDX 4‐4210, to produce more pliable maxillofacial prostheses. The mechanical properties of samples with various Type A adhesive/MDX 4‐4210 ratios were determined. Addition of the MDX 4‐4210 base decreased the hardness, modulus, and ultimate tensile strength, while the percentage elongation increased. The initial tear strength was relatively constant for the various ratios except for the 50/50 mix, where a 50% decrease was observed. The ability to obtain different mechanical properties by using various ratios of Type A adhesive and MDX 4‐4210 could result in the production of maxillofacial prostheses which will more closely stimulate the properties of facial tissues.
The silent period in the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles in young adult subjects unaware of mandibular dysfunction symptoms
Authors: FURUYA R. , ZULQARNAIN B. J. , HEDEGÅRD B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn fourteen individuals unaware of mandibular dysfunction symptoms, latency and duration of the silent period in the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles at tooth tapping and jaw jerk were reasonably reproducible after 5 weeks and 5 months. Although the subjects felt no discomfort in the stomatognathic system, in some of them mild to moderate muscle tenderness, TMJ sound and occlusal disharmony were found at clinical examination. The relationship between these symptoms and the silent period was analysed. Muscle tenderness was the only factor to affect the silent period. The subjects with muscle soreness had a shorter duration of the silent period than the subjects without such symptoms.
Glass ionomer cement: 10 years of clinical use
Authors: KNIBBS P. J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryGlass ionomer cements have been commercially available for 10 years. Research has led to the production of improved formulations and the material is now advocated for use in a number of clinical situations. The aim of this review is to bring together the findings of published studies that provide information on the clinical uses and performance of this material.The opening section looks at the biocompatibility of the glass ionomer cements. Their clinical handling and techniques for use are then discussed. Finally, specific clinical uses are considered in the light of published clinical data.The glass ionomer cements appear to offer the profession many benefits and they are proving to be successful in a variety of clinical situations. Improvements in strength, abrasion resistance and colour matching will widen the scope of their application still further.
A comparative study between two randomly selected samples from which to derive standards for craniofacial measurements
Authors: SARHAN O. A. , NASHASHIBI I. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe present study was performed to derive cephalometric standards for Saudi Arabian boys aged from 9–12 years. The sample was then compared with a British sample aged 9–12 years to detect statistical differences. The differences between both samples demonstrated a slightly prognathic Saudi face, more protrusive upper and lower incisors, and low Gonial and saddle angles.
The amalgam margin angle, marginal breakdown and adjacent caries in occlusal enamel, a pilot study on extracted teeth
Authors: GRAJOWER R. , NOVICKAS D. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe object of this study was to determine for amalgam restorations the relationship between marginal breakdown and (i) over‐ or undercarving; (ii) the amalgam margin angle (AMA); and (iii) the incidence of carious occlusal enamel adjacent to the restoration. Fifty‐two extracted human teeth with occlusal amalgam fillings from the Chicago (C) area and forty‐three teeth from the Jerusalem (J) area, were examined with a probe. Employing common clinical criteria, it was found that replacement of the fillings was indicated due to extensive marginal defects, in 45% of the C teeth, and 41% of the J teeth. The occlusal amalgam margins and the incidence of caries adjacent to these margins were studied on facio‐lingual sections. The incidence and the average AMA values for six margin types were measured on random sections and were found to be: all margins (100%, 67°); intact flush margins (31%, 69°); fractured flush margins (21%, 56°); undercarved margins which fractured (22%, 74°), or did not fracture (9%, 80°) near the cavity margin; margins with amalgam deficiencies (12%, 62°); and margins with separation between enamel and amalgam by remnants of linings (5%). Marginal breakdown was found in 42% of the margins and was associated mainly with flush carving at low AM As, and with broken flashes resulting from undercarving. Occlusal carious enamel was detected on 19% of the J teeth and none of the C teeth. Sixty‐three per cent of these lesions were associated with fractured undercarved margins.
The corrosion resistance of a new cobalt‐chromium‐molybdenum‐ceramic alloy
Authors: MEZGER P. R. , VRIJHOEF M. M. A. , NEWMAN S. M. , GREENER E. H. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryCobalt‐chromium alloys are extensively used for removable partial dentures and implants. Recently, this type of alloy has been introduced for porcelain‐fused‐to‐metal crown and bridgework. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the corrosion behaviour of such a ceramic alloy (Vicomp) and compare it to a cobalt‐chromium alloy for removable partial dentures (Vitallium). A 0.9% saline solution and an artificial saliva were used as electrolytes. Results indicate a similar, adequate, corrosion resistance.
Composite laminate veneers: a clinical study
Authors: WALLS A. W. G. , MURRAY J. J. , McCABE J. F. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA 2‐year clinical trial of a composite laminate veneer system for masking discoloration or hypoplasia on the anterior teeth of patients has been undertaken. Three hundred and twenty restorations were placed in seventy‐nine patients, of these 273 restorations in sixty‐eight patients have been followed over a 2‐year period. The technique produced an acceptable improvement in the aesthetics of the patients in the trial. However, the veneers were susceptible to chipping (52% of lateral incisor veneers and 79% of central incisor and canine veneers showed some evidence of material loss after 2 years) and marginal staining (75% of veneers showed some evidence of marginal staining after 2 years) during function. The veneer restorations had a deleterious affect upon the gingival health of the teeth on which they were placed.
The position of the occlusal plane in dentulous subjects with various skeletal jaw‐relationships
Authors: SINOBAD D. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis study was conducted to examine the level and inclination of the occlusal plane in dentulous subjects with various skeletal jaw‐relationships with the purpose of finding more reliable guides for locating the occlusal plane in edentulous patients.The investigation was carried out on 140 lateral cephalometric radiographs of young people with natural teeth in the intercuspal position. The sample was divided into three groups according to the skeletal relation of the jaws.The occlusal plane in this study and the two reference planes (maxillary and mandibular plane) were established according to the cephalometric criteria of Schwarz. On each radiograph both the angulation and the perpendicular distance of the occlusal plane to the reference planes were recorded and the values of the obtained data were subject to statistical analysis.The selected mean values of the angles and linear distances between the occlusal plane and reference planes calculated on the probability level of 95% could be used as cephalometric indicators for the locating or correcting the position of the occlusal plane in the prosthetic treatment of edentulous patients.
Tooth support in the human mandible
Authors: RALPH W. J. , THOMAS C. D. L. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryPrepared surfaces of anterior portions of dentate human mandibles were serially ground in steps of 0.2 mm and the anatomical features traced. The information was stored in a computer and then reassembled and plotted in colour. The percentage porosity of the bone, together with the width of the periodontal space was calculated. The cortical plates of the mandible appear to provide the major boney support for the anterior teeth, trabecular bone only being present in scant amounts in the periapical areas. The apparently random arrangement of trabeculae does not support the commonly accepted picture of trabeculae aligned to resist the functional loads transmitted by the periodontal ligament.
The measurement of the setting characteristics of rigid autopolymerizing resins for direct use in the oral cavity
Authors: HUGGETT R. , BROOKS S. C. , JONES N. , SWAN G. P. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryDifferential scanning calorimetry has been used with success to determine working and setting times of autopolymerizing denture and orthodontic base resins. The technique is considered to be far more suitable for this task than thermal methods which are influenced by specimen geometry and heat transfer. Since only a few milligrams of material are required the technique would be suitable for other dental materials whose setting characteristics are of interest.
Neutralizing phosphoric acid in the acid etch resin technique
Authors: KELLAR M. , DUKE E. S. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe use of an alkaline wetting agent, used to neutralize phosphoric acid in the acid etch technique, was investigated with respect to improving the bond strength and microleakage behaviour of composite resin. The alkaline wetting agent has been shown to prevent the accumulation of calcium biphosphates, as a result of secondary recrystallization of hydroxyapatite, within the depths of etched enamel.To examine the influence of the alkaline wetting agent on bond strength, composite cylinders were prepared on enamel surfaces of extracted third molar teeth and tested for shear bond strength. Microleakage behaviour was observed on class V oval preparations in the cervical thirds of extracted third molars using a dye penetration technique.No significant improvement in shear bond strength was demonstrated with the alkaline wetting agent over conventional acid etching. In addition, the microleakage observed following the use of the alkaline wetting was characteristic of that for conventional acid etching.
Carbon absorption of palladium‐enriched ceramic alloys*
Authors: van der ZEL J. M. , VRIJHOEF M. M. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryPalladium‐enriched alloys are sensitive to carbon absorption. High carbon levels in ceramic alloys negatively influence some mechanical properties and cause porosities in the porcelain during the firing process. The influence of the palladium content on carbon absorption of alloys with a range of palladium content from 5 to 80% approximately was investigated. Carbon content was measured for alloys in the ‘as received’ condition as well as after melting once and three times. Carbon contents up to 200 ppm were measured in the case of a high‐palladium system.
Electromyographic activity of the human masticatory muscles during submaximal clenching in the inter‐cuspal position
Authors: NAEIJE M. , McCARROLL R. S. , WEIJS W.A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe activity patterns of the masseter and the anterior temporal muscles were studied in twenty‐one healthy male subjects while clenching at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% of the maximum clenching level. At low clenching levels the temporal muscle activity tended to dominate, at high levels the masseter muscle activity was stronger (P < 0.001). The asymmetry in muscle activity also depended upon the clenching level (P < 0.001), while at each level the masseter muscle asymmetry was greater than the temporal muscle asymmetry (P < 0.05–P < 0.025). By comparing the electromyographic activities of the left and right side within each subject it was found that the masseter muscle with the higher electromyographic activity tended to have the larger cross‐sectional area (P < 0.01) and at the 50% clenching level it tended to be on the side with the greater number of post‐canine tooth contacts (P < 0.001).
Oral habits in common between tension headache and non‐headache populations
Authors: MOSS R. A. , LOMBARDO T. W. , MARLIN HODGSON J. , O'CARROLL K. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryPrevious research has suggested a relationship between migraine pain and oral habits. The present study was designed as a replication of a prior study that found self‐reported higher frequencies of certain oral habits in migraine as opposed to tension headache and non‐headache groups. Three groups of subjects (common migraine, tension headache and non‐headache) were given a single questionnaire in which five oral habits (i.e. teeth clenching, jaw jutting, cupping the chin in the hand, and resting the right and left side of the face on the hand) were rated on a 0 (not at all) to 10 (almost always) scale. Significant main effects were obtained for groups and oral habits in a 3 (groups) ×5 (oral habits) anova. Post hoc Tukey tests revealed the common migraine group reported significantly more frequent oral habits than did the tension headache group. The non‐headache control group did not differ significantly from either headache group. Discussion focuses on the need for continued research in this area.