bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repair of parastomal hernias with the intraperitoneal funnel meshes IPST‑R and IPST: Results of 21 consecutive cases
Authors: Stoeckel Soeren , Ilgeldiev Semen , Mirow Lutz , Dievernich Axel , Rudolph Hagen , Schmidt Madeline 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background The treatment of parastomal hernias (PSH) represents a major challenge in hernia surgery. Various techniques have been reported with different outcomes in terms of complication and recurrence rates. The aim of this study is to share our initial experience with the implantation of the DynaMesh®IPST-R and -IPST, intraperitoneal funnel meshes made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).Methods This is a retrospective observational cohort study of patients treated for PSH between March 2019 and April 2023 using the chimney technique with the intraperitoneal funnel meshes IPSTR or IPST. The primary outcome was recurrence and the secondary outcomes were intraoperative and postoperative complications, the latter assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification.Results A total of 21 consecutive patients were treated with intraperitoneal PVDF funnel meshes, 17 with IPST-R and 4 with IPST. There were no intraoperative complications. Overall, no complications occurred in 61.9% (n = 12) of the patients. Major postoperative complications (defined as Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were noted in four cases (19.0%). During the mean follow-up period of 21.6 (range 4.8 to 37.5) months, one patient (4.8%) had a recurrence.Conclusions For the treatment of parastomal hernias, the implantation of IPST-R or IPST mesh has proven to be efficient, easy to handle, and very safe. In particular, the low recurrence rate of 4.8%, which is in line with the current literature, is convincing. However, a larger number of patients would improve the validity of the results.
Behavioral and Neurophysiological Effects of Electrical Stunning on Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Burkhardt David-Samuel , Leyden Claire , Thomas Carina , Brysch Christian , Dehmelt Florian Alexander , Arrenberg Aristides B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In today’s scientific research, two methods dominate the way zebrafish larvae are euthanized after experimental procedures: anesthetic overdose and rapid cooling. Although easy to apply, the anesthetic MS-222 takes about a minute to act, fish show aversive reactions, and inter-individual differences limit its reliability. Rapid cooling only kills larvae after many minutes and is not listed as approved method in the relevant EU directive. Electrical stunning is a promising alternative euthanasia method but hasn’t been established yet for zebrafish. In this study, we characterize both behavioral and neurophysiological effects of electrical stunning in 4 dpf zebrafish larvae. We identified the electric field magnitude and stimulus duration (32 s at 50 V/cm) that reliably euthanize free-swimming larvae and agarose-embedded larvae and provide an easy-to-implement protocol. Behavioral analysis and calcium neurophysiology show that larvae lose consciousness very fast and stop responding to touch and visual stimuli (< 1 second). Electrically stunned larvae do not show coordinated brain activity anymore and their brains will instead undergo a series of concerted whole-brain calcium waves over the course of many minutes before the ultimate cessation of all brain signals. Consistent with the imperative of implementing the 3R at all stages of animal experiments, the rapid and reliable euthanasia achieved by electrical stunning has the potential to bring about a real refinement of the welfare of more than 5 million zebrafish used annually in biomedical research worldwide.
Effects of Nordic walking on muscle activation and stride length of middle-aged women
Authors: WU TI , TU Jui-Hung , WANG Hsin-Huan , CHEN Chia-Hsiang , LIN Chun-Ta , HSIEH Hung-Sheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Walking is a popular contemporary exercise that has gradually diversified over time, and Nordic walking is a variant. Therefore, the purpose of this study was compared the changes in electromyography and gait parameters achieved through Nordic and usual walking at three stride frequencies.
Method: Fourteen middle-aged women with a regular exercise habit were enrolled as participants. The participants were instructed to walk a set 14m distance three times using Nordic or usual walking depend on random. Three stride frequencies (i.e., low [88 steps/min], normal [110 steps/min], and high [132 steps/min]) frequency) were applied three times. The following muscle groups were tested: the biceps brachii and triceps brachii of the upper limb; the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius of the lower limb. Statistical verification was conducted through a two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (significance level α set to .05); the independent variables were walking types and stride frequency, and the dependent variables were EMG signals and gait parameters.
Results:The biceps and triceps brachii experienced greater activation through Nordic walking than through usual walking (p < .05). The upper limb muscle groups experienced the most activation at a low stride frequency, followed by a normal and high stride frequency; this trend was not observed for the lower limb muscle groups. No significant difference was identified for stride length.
Conclusion: Nordic walking is a full-body physical activity that can effectively facilitate upper limb muscle activation; this effect is particularly pronounced in slow walking scenarios.
How is the perceived health of populations living near industrial facilities measured. A scoping review
Authors: Trouillet Morgane , Dab William , Vernay Michel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In many countries, populations have been noted to be increasingly sensitive to the quality of living environments, in particular around industrial facilities. Health security agencies in several countries have conducted epidemiological studies focused on medically-defined mortality or morbidity criteria. With the goal of offering an exhaustive response, they have broadened the scope of the health phenomena studied to include measuring the perceived health of the general population, although no defined protocol to do this exists. The purpose of this work is to identify the tools used and to analyse how the validity and reliability of these tools is understood.
Methods
Using four document databases, we carried out a literature search focused on the topics of perceived health, a neighbouring population and the presence of an industrial facility. It found 1446 unique records, published between 2000 and 2023.
Results
29 articles were selected: These consisted of 26 primary research articles and three literature reviews. The articles included varying definitions of perceived health, different tools were used, and the validity and reliability criteria were diverse. The tools used were standardized scales, questionnaires in national surveys or specifically created tools, all of which had varying levels of validity and reliability.
Conclusion
This research shows that there is a growing interest in the subject, although a tool that is superior in terms of its relevance or qualities has yet to emerge.
Epidemiological analysis of pediculosis and the distribution of kdr mutation frequency in head lice populations in Khorasan Razavi Province, northeastern Iran
Authors: Taheri Mohammad , Khaligh Fereshteh Ghahvechi , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Khalkhali Hamidreza , Dashti Kamal , Badakhshan Mehdi , Gholizadeh Saber 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Head lice infestations are the most prominent ectoparasitic infection in the world, including Iran, particularly among school children. Recently, numerous cases of infestation have been reported in various provinces of the country. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of head louse infestations and analyze kdr gene sequences in terms of resistance mutations in the Torbat-e Heydarieh, Mahvelat, and Zaveh cities of Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeast Iran. The data related to the epidemiological and demographic history of head lice populations were extracted from their medical records and analyzed in Excel software. After extracting the genomic DNA, the kdr fragment was amplified using specific primers. The sequences were also analyzed using bioinformatics software. The prevalence of head louse infestations was 1.59% and 1.7% during 2016 and 2017, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the frequency distribution of two kdr haplotypes, I and V, in the study areas. The increase in head louse infestations in recent years and the simultaneous presence of kdr mutations indicate the need for new treatments and monitoring/controlling resistance to head louse insecticides.
Discrepancy in the diagnosis of advanced epithelial ovarian/tubal/primary peritoneal carcinoma prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Karnchanabanyong Wathirada , Warnnissorn Malee , Viriyapak Boonlert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the discrepancy rates between initial and surgico-pathological diagnoses in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS), and to identify factors associated with such discrepancies. The retrospective analysis at Siriraj Hospital included all EOC patients who underwent NAC between January 2009 and August 2021. Data were excluded if patients did not have initial histology/cytology investigations or received NAC without IDS, as their diagnostic discrepancies could not be compared. Out of 229 patients, 11 patients (4.8%) had shown diagnostic discrepancies. High CA125 levels (>200 U/ml) corresponded with a lower discrepancy rate (2.9%), while lower levels (<200 U/ml) increased discrepancies to 25.0% (p<0.001). Furthermore, a CA125/CEA ratio ≤ 25 was associated with a discrepancy rate of 75.0%, which decreased to 4.1% when the ratio was > 25 (p<0.001). Diagnostic precision rate across cytology, histology, and combined analyses was similar (p=0.255). The study concludes that significant diagnostic discrepancies (4.8%) are associated with lower CA125 levels and a CA125/CEA ratio < 25. Therefore, clinical, radiological imaging, and tumor markers should be comprehensively evaluated along with cytological or histological results for accurate initial diagnosis before NAC.
Association Between Inhaled Corticosteroid and Incidence of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Nationwide Population based Study
Authors: Lee Hyewon , Yoon Hee-Young 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease, with the use of systemic steroids linked to poor outcomes. This study investigated the association between inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) use and IPF risk using national insurance data, particularly in individuals with chronic airway diseases. Utilising the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, our study included patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. ICS exposure was assessed via treatment claims, and IPF cases were identified using broad and narrow criteria. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with propensity scores for balanced covariate analysis. Of 57,456 patients, 16.5% used ICS. ICS users showed higher rates of broad (0.98 vs. 0.41 per 1,000) and narrow IPF (0.61 vs. 0.21 per 1,000) than non-users. Pre-IPTW analysis suggested an increased risk of IPF with ICS use, but this was not significant post-IPTW. However, continuous ICS dose and daily mean high-dose ICS (≥ 1000 µg/day) use showed a correlation with higher IPF risk post-IPTW. Subgroup analysis revealed an increased risk in medically aided. Our data suggested that high-dose ICS use may be associated with elevated IPF risk, especially in patients receiving medical aid.
New insights in the mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibition by benzisoselenazolones and diselenides
Authors: Sancineto Luca , Mangiavacchi Francesca , Dabrowska Agnieszka , Pacuła-Miszewska Agata J. , Obieziurska-Fabisiak Magdalena , Scimmi Cecilia , Ceccucci Veronica , Kong Juan , Zhao Yao , Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Nascimento Vanessa , Rizzuti Bruno , Kula-Pacurar Anna , Yang Haitao , Ścianowski Jacek , Lei Ying , Pyrc Krzysztof , Santi Claudio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Although global vaccination campaigns relieved the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in terms of morbidity and mortality, the capability of the virus to originate mutants may reduce vaccines efficiency, posing a serious risk to fall into the pandemic again. As a result, there is the need to develop small molecules able to tackle conserved viral targets, such as the main protease (Mpro). Here a series of benzisoselenazolones and diselenides were tested for their ability to inhibit Mpro, then, for the most potent compounds, the antiviral activity was measured in vitro, and the mechanism of action was investigated. Density functional theory and molecular docking procedures were also implemented to shed a light into the protein/compound interaction. Finally, a bioorganic model was set up to investigate the reaction between selenorganic compounds and biologically relevant thiols, to unravel possible metabolic pathways of such compounds. The overall results contribute to identify a series of novel Se-containing molecules active against SARS-CoV-2, and to clarify some important aspects in the mechanisms of action of such inhibitors targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
Investigation of Entamoeba histolytica in Different Water Sources of Niğde Province by Elisa
Authors: Candan Cemal , Karatepe Mustafa , Karatepe Bilge 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in water sources of Niğde province in Türkiye, between June and November 2021.
Methods A total of 90 water samples were taken from 15 different water sources (drinking water, well water, spring water, wastewater and dam water) every month and the presence of E. histolytica antigens in the samples was examined by ELISA.
Results The positivity of E. histolytica was determined in 7 (7.7%) of 90 samples. While no parasites were found in any of the samples in June and September, E. histolytica was positive for 3 samples (20%) in July, 1 sample (6.6%) in August and October and 2 samples in November (13.3%). One of 24 dam samples (4.1%), 1 of 12 wastewater samples (8.3%), 1 of 12 well samples (8.3%), and 4 of 24 fountain samples (16.6%) that examined by ELISA were found positive. On the other hand, none of the examined 18 spring samples were positive. In addition, 4 (8.8%) of 45 samples that examined in summer and 3 (6.6%) of 45 samples that examined in autumn were detected positive by using ELISA. Entamoebahistolytica positivity in samples was statistically insignificant in terms of months, water resources and seasons (P>0.05).
Conclusion As a result, the presence of E. histolytica, which is an important public health problem in water sources, was determined for the first time in Niğde province of Türkiye with this study.
Characterization of the Xeno-GVHD Response Generated by Lung Cancer Patient PBMCs in NSG-SGM3 Mice
Authors: Fuchs Vered , Roisman Laila , Msamra Maha , Refaely Yael , Cohen Ahron Yehonatan , Porgador Angel , Peled Nir , Sobarzo Ariel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Humanized mouse models based on PBMC transplants have become a critical preclinical platform for NSCLC investigation. However, the emergence of xeno-GVHD poses challenges that need clarification. In this study, we explore clinical and molecular aspects of xeno-GVHD induced by NSCLC patient PBMCs compared to healthy donors in the novel NSG-SGM3 mice. PBMCs from NSCLC patients and healthy donors were injected into NSG-SGM3 mice and monitored for eight weeks to assess xeno-GVHD onset and progression. Clinical signs, such as weight loss, anemia, and low platelet count, appeared early, with severe symptoms more prevalent in healthy donor models. Flow cytometry revealed a dominance of CD8 T cells, primarily effector T-cells, in peripheral blood, while organ examination highlighted a prevalence of CD4 effector T cells. Our findings demonstrate that xeno-GVHD from NSCLC patients is delayed and less severe than healthy controls in the NSG-SGM3 mice model, likely due to treatment history affecting patients' PBMCs' functional state. Our data contribute essential knowledge for advancing PBMCs humanized models in NSCLC treatment studies and may offer a novel tool for immune system assessment.
Deciphering the Genetic Architecture of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Insights from the UK Biobank and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Cui Jieda , Quan Qiang , Zhang Yang , Wei Xiaoyun , Li Guangqiang , Zhu Leqing , Ran Pixin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in the development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), however, the research on genetic susceptibility genes for COPD is currently limited by incomplete understanding and insufficient identification of all contributory genetic factors. To address this issue, we conducted a prospective analysis in the UK Biobank study and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to unveil the causal relationship of potential genetic factors in COPD. Our findings underscore the involvement of key genes NME3, MPZL3, GNAQ, and ARL5B in COPD occurrence. Notably, the presence of the NME3 (0.998 ;0.997 −0.999; P = 0.004) and MPZL3 (0.999 ;0.998 −1.000; P = 0.048) potentially confers a reduced risk of COPD, while GNAQ (1.002 ;1.001 −1.004; P = 0.010) and ARL5B (1.004 ;1.000 −1.008; P = 0.040) are associated with an elevated risk of COPD. Multi-omics analysis showed that the expression levels of these key genes were highly correlated, either positively or negatively, with various COPD-related immune cell infiltrations, immune factor expression levels (immunomodulators, chemokines, and cellular receptors), and expression levels of disease genes associated with COPD. Additionally, we analyzed the expression levels of these key genes at the single-cell level, their involved signaling pathways, and regulatory networks to preliminarily reveal their potential molecular mechanisms in regulating COPD. Finally, potential drugs for treating COPD, such as Fostamatinib, MEK1-2-inhibitor, QL-XI-92, TWS-119, and VER-155008, were identified through drug targeting predictions using the Connectivity Map database.
Effect of GLP-1RA on diabetes retinopathy with blood glucose variation at different levels of baseline HbAlc– A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Wenxuan , Lu Jingyi , Li Jing , Ma Yuchen , Wang Xin , Zhang Fang , Li Chunhui , Jiang Jiajia , Hao Yongmei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies attributed the possible diabetes retinopathy(DR) risk of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA) to rapid glucose decline, but there was no further discussion on the different HbAlc changes in type 2 diabetes patients with different baseline HbAlc levels.The main purpose of this article is to discuss the impact of changes in glycosylated hemoglob(HbAlc) at different baseline levels on DR .
Methods
Our meta-analysis has 20 randomized controlled trial which including a total of 56204 type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients. EngaugeDigitizer was applied to extract the image data of HbAlc over time in included trails.We used risk ration(RR) and 95% cofidence intervals(CIs) to estimate the influence of varying descending HbAlc levels in DR. Meta regression(MR) was proformed on the maximum,the final reduction of HbAlc and at different baselines of HbAlc levels.
Results
IDegLira and oral semaglutide were associated with an increased risk of DR (RR 1.69 95% CI 1.11–2.57 and RR1.29 95% CI 1.00-1.67 respectively), while other GLP-1RA did not increase the risk of DR.The risk of DR in oral semaglutide was associted with dose,which 14mg showed DR risk(RR1.31 95% CI 1.01–1.70) while 7mg or 5mg didn’t show it(RR1.82 95% CI 0.74–4.45).Semaglutide 1.0mg didn’t show DR risk(RR1.05 95% CI 0.78–1.43) .MR showed that increases in baseline HbAlc with DR(logrr = 0.40 p = 0.316) but decreases in ΔHbAlc with DR(logrr=-0.406 p = 0.237) .In subgroup analyses we found patients in the first 12 weeks with HbAlc<8.5%, a decrease of over 1.5% in glycated hemoglobin was associated with an increased risk of DR (RR 1.75 95% CI 1.01–3.04), a decrease of 1% -1.5% in glycated hemoglobin reduced the risk of DR (RR 0.58 95% CI 0.37–0.92), and a decrease of<1% in glycated hemoglobin was not associated with DR (RR 0.67 95% CI 0.38–1.18). In the group with baseline glycation levels ≥ 8.5% in the first 12 weeks, the decrease more than 1.5% had no effect on DR(RR 1.08 95% CI 0.86–1.35). The reduce of HbAlc at first 16 weeks compared with baseline does not show statistical significance.The use of GLP-1RA combined with insulin did not increase the risk of DR (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.88–1.62),however in the group with baseline glycation levels<8.5% after the first 12 weeks,a decrease of over 1.5% in glycated hemoglobin was associated with an increased risk of DR (RR 1.75 95% CI 1.01–3.04).
Conclusions
When GLP-1RA is applied in T2DM patients with HbAlc level under 8.5%, the decrease of HbAlc should be controlled by 1% -1.5% in the first 12 weeks and the decrease of HbAlc by more than 1.5% will increase the risk of DR.GLP-1RA combined with insulin does not show the risk of DR.The promoting effect by IDegLira in DR may be mediated by the quick variation of blood glucose.
Long-term change in lost value of ‘safe food’ with negligible radiation risk
Authors: Kuriyama Koichi , Ito Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We estimated the temporal variation in the lost values of safe foods caused by a very small radiation risk, which was well within the safety standard set by the government. We conducted nine consumer surveys using consumer choice experiments between 2011 and 2022. The results show that the value loss of safe foods with very small radiation risks, which are considered scientifically safe, continues more than a decade after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident. Although foods distributed in the Japanese market have radiation levels that meet the government safety standard, these very low radiation risks still significantly influence consumers’ food choices and lead to value loss in food products. The results also show that although consumers’ distrust of scientists has a limited impact on the value lost, their distrust in the government is a significant factor in the value loss.