bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localization of asparagus spears using time-of-flight imaging for robotic harvesting
Authors: Peebles Matthew , Lim Shen Hin , Duke Mike , Mcguinness Benjamin , Au Chi Kit 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Time of flight (ToF) imaging is a promising emerging technology for the purposes of crop identification. This paper aim to presents localization system for identifying and localizing asparagus in the field based on point clouds from ToF imaging. Since the semantics are not included in the point cloud, it contains the geometric information of other objects such as stones and weeds other than asparagus spears. An approach is required for extracting the spear information so that a robotic system can be used for harvesting.

Design/methodology/approach
A real-time convolutional neural network (CNN)-based method is used for filtering the point cloud generated by a ToF camera, allowing subsequent processing methods to operate over smaller and more information-dense data sets, resulting in reduced processing time. The segmented point cloud can then be split into clusters of points representing each individual spear. Geometric filters are developed to eliminate the non-asparagus points in each cluster so that each spear can be modelled and localized. The spear information can then be used for harvesting decisions.

Findings
The localization system is integrated into a robotic harvesting prototype system. Several field trials have been conducted with satisfactory performance. The identification of a spear from the point cloud is the key to successful localization. Segmentation and clustering points into individual spears are two major failures for future improvements.

Originality/value
Most crop localizations in agricultural robotic applications using ToF imaging technology are implemented in a very controlled environment, such as a greenhouse. The target crop and the robotic system are stationary during the localization process. The novel proposed method for asparagus localization has been tested in outdoor farms and integrated with a robotic harvesting platform. Asparagus detection and localization are achieved in real time on a continuously moving robotic platform in a cluttered and unstructured environment.
Framing and feelings on social media: the futures of work and intelligent machines
Authors: Ocal Ayse , Crowston Kevin 
Published: April 2024

PurposeResearch on artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential effects on the workplace is increasing. How AI and the futures of work are framed in traditional media has been examined in prior studies, but current research has not gone far enough in examining how AI is framed on social media. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining how people frame the futures of work and intelligent machines when they post on social media.Design/methodology/approachWe investigate public interpretations, assumptions and expectations, referring to framing expressed in social media conversations. We also coded the emotions and attitudes expressed in the text data. A corpus consisting of 998 unique Reddit post titles and their corresponding 16,611 comments was analyzed using computer-aided textual analysis comprising a BERTopic model and two BERT text classification models, one for emotion and the other for sentiment analysis, supported by human judgment.FindingsDifferent interpretations, assumptions and expectations were found in the conversations. Three subframes were analyzed in detail under the overarching frame of the New World of Work: (1) general impacts of intelligent machines on society, (2) undertaking of tasks (augmentation and substitution) and (3) loss of jobs. The general attitude observed in conversations was slightly positive, and the most common emotion category was curiosity.Originality/valueFindings from this research can uncover public needs and expectations regarding the future of work with intelligent machines. The findings may also help shape research directions about futures of work. Furthermore, firms, organizations or industries may employ framing methods to analyze customers’ or workers’ responses or even influence the responses. Another contribution of this work is the application of framing theory to interpreting how people conceptualize the future of work with intelligent machines.
Improving the sustainability of banks using insightful corporate governance practices: a qualitative inquiry in an emerging economy
Authors: Wuaku David Kofi , Koomson Samuel , Abraham Ernest Mensah , Markwei Ummu , Agyapong Joan-Ark Manu 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
In the past few years, researchers across the world have been attracted to corporate governance (CG) and sustainability studies in the banking space. However, inconsistencies remain, which have created a lack of alignment in existing research. To address this problem, this paper aims to re-examines the CG–bank sustainability relationship using a qualitative design, which has been underused in the field, to generate in-depth, useful and novel analysis and insights that may hide behind the numbers.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative inquiry was conducted using key informants in Ghana’s banking industry. This study made use of purposive and snowball sampling techniques, an interview guide and the thematic approach to qualitative data analysis.

Findings
Firstly, this research finds that while larger boards do not promote bank sustainability, those who are independent and have diversified expertise and experiences do. Secondly, CEO duality can boost bank sustainability only if the CEO is actively engaged and performing. Thirdly, this study finds that foreign-owned and managed banks make more profits only if they have good knowledge of the local market.

Research limitations/implications
This research makes the call that upcoming researchers should replicate this research in other banking settings worldwide to validate the results.

Practical implications
Practical lessons for local and foreign-owned banks and their shareholders are discussed to advance the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 8.

Originality/value
This research shares novel insights that offer clarity to the literature and move the CG and sustainability fields forward.
How can healthcare organisations increase doctors’ research engagement? A scoping review
Authors: Brandenburg Caitlin , Stehlik Paulina , Noble Christy , Wenke Rachel , Jones Kristen , Hattingh Laetitia , Dungey Kelly , Branjerdporn Grace , Spillane Ciara , Kalantari Sharmin , George Shane , Keijzers Gerben , Mickan Sharon 
Published: April 2024

PurposeClinician engagement in research has positive impacts for healthcare, but is often difficult for healthcare organisations to support in light of limited resources. This scoping review aimed to describe the literature on health service-administered strategies for increasing research engagement by medical practitioners.Design/methodology/approachMedline, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched from 2000 to 2021 and two independent reviewers screened each record for inclusion. Inclusion criteria were that studies sampled medically qualified clinicians; reported empirical data; investigated effectiveness of an intervention in improving research engagement and addressed interventions implemented by an individual health service/hospital.FindingsOf the 11,084 unique records, 257 studies were included. Most (78.2%) studies were conducted in the USA, and were targeted at residents (63.0%). Outcomes were measured in a variety of ways, most commonly publication-related outcomes (77.4%), though many studies used more than one outcome measure (70.4%). Pre-post (38.8%) and post-only (28.7%) study designs were the most common, while those using a contemporaneous control group were uncommon (11.5%). The most commonly reported interventions included Resident Research Programs (RRPs), protected time, mentorship and education programs. Many articles did not report key information needed for data extraction (e.g. sample size).Originality/valueThis scoping review demonstrated that, despite a large volume of research, issues like poor reporting, infrequent use of robust study designs and heterogeneous outcome measures limited application. The most compelling available evidence pointed to RRPs, protected time and mentorship as effective interventions. Further high-quality evidence is needed to guide healthcare organisations on increasing medical research engagement.
Too much of a good thing: the dual effect of executive equity incentives on corporate social responsibility performance
Authors: Zhao Shifang , Jiang Xu , Ahn Yoojung 
Published: April 2024

PurposeResearch on the effect of executive equity incentives is equivocal. Based on agency theory, some scholars take the convergence of interest logic to highlight the benefits of executive equity incentives. In contrast, others adopt the entrenchment logic to emphasize the increased agency costs. This study attempts to reconcile the debate on executive equity incentives and integrates the opposing views to unveil how executive equity incentives impact corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance.Design/methodology/approachUsing the panel dataset of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2006 to 2022, this study integrates the convergence of interest and entrenchment logic to examine how executive equity incentives affect CSR performance.FindingsWe find that the relationship between executive equity incentives and CSR performance follows an inverted U-shaped form. According to the convergence of interest logic, executive equity incentives reduce agency costs when allocating resources to engage in CSR activities and enable firms to increase their CSR investments, ultimately realizing increased CSR performance. After a threshold, however, the accumulation of extensive equity incentives causes the entrenchment effect, resulting in declined CSR performance. Our empirical results also shed new light on its contingent perspective – the inverted U-shaped relationship is attenuated when firms’ stock liquidity is high.Originality/valueThis study attempts to reconcile the debate on executive equity incentives and integrates the opposing views to unveil the inverted U-shaped relationship between executive equity incentives and CSR performance. Our study opens promising avenues for further research on corporate governance and CSR strategies.
Impacts of investment relations service quality on corporate information transparency and intangible value: the moderating role of competitive intensity
Authors: Chan Ricky Y.K. , Shen Jianfu , Cheng Louis T.W. , Lai Jennifer W.M. 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis study aims at proposing and testing a model delineating how and when the quality of a special B2B professional service, investment relations (IR), would drive corporate intangible value.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a proprietary dataset on voting records of an annual investment relations (IR) awards event and the corresponding company-level archival data for analysis. Regression analysis is used to test hypotheses.FindingsIR service quality not only directly enhances corporate intangible value, but also indirectly boosts it via information transparency. While competitive intensity does not moderate the relationship between IR service quality and corporate intangible value, its moderating effect on the relationship between information transparency and this value is negative.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings advance academic understanding of the mechanism and boundary conditions underlying the complex and dynamic relationships among IR service quality, information transparency, corporate intangible value and competitive intensity. Future research endeavors to verify the present findings in other service and/or geographic settings would help establish their external validity.Practical implicationsThe findings advise companies to expand the traditional role of IR by taking it as a powerful communication and relationship marketing tool to improve their visibility and attract investors.Social implicationsThe findings suggest that superior IR service would strengthen the company’s social bonding with institutional investors and effectively signal to them its commitment to good corporate governance practices.Originality/valueMatching a proprietary dataset on IR voting records with the corresponding company-level archival data over a five-year period to investigate the performance implications of IR service quality within the Hong Kong context rectifies methodological limitation and geographic confinement of prior IR research.
Advances in encapsulation systems of Antarctic krill oil: From extraction to encapsulation, and future direction
Authors: Gao Yuhang , Ding Zhansheng , Liu Yuanfa , Xu Yong‐Jiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAntarctic krill oil (AKO) is highly sought after by consumers and the food industry due to its richness in a variety of nutrients and physiological activities. However, current extraction methods are not sufficient to better extract AKO and its nutrients, and AKO is susceptible to lipid oxidation during processing and storage, leading to nutrient loss and the formation of off‐flavors and toxic compounds. The development of various extraction methods and encapsulation systems for AKO to improve oil yield, nutritional value, antioxidant capacity, and bioavailability has become a research hotspot. This review summarizes the research progress of AKO from extraction to encapsulation system construction. The AKO extraction mechanism, technical parameters, oil yield and composition of solvent extraction, aqueous enzymatic extraction, supercritical/subcritical extraction, and three‐liquid‐phase salting‐out extraction system are described in detail. The principles, choice of emulsifier/wall materials, preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages of four common encapsulation systems for AKO, namely micro/nanoemulsions, microcapsules, liposomes and nanostructured lipid carriers, are summarized. These four encapsulation systems are characterized by high encapsulation efficiency, low production cost, high bioavailability and high antioxidant capacity. Depending on the unique advantages and conditions of different encapsulation methods, as well as consumer demand for health and nutrition, different products can be developed. However, existing AKO encapsulation systems lack relevant studies on digestive absorption and targeted release, and the single product category of commercially available products limits consumer choice. In conjunction with clinical studies of AKO encapsulation systems, the development of encapsulation systems for special populations should be a future research direction.
Quantum dots as advanced nanomaterials for food quality and safety applications: A comprehensive review and future perspectives
Authors: Zou Yucheng , Shi Yongqiang , Wang Tianxing , Ji Shengyang , Zhang Xinai , Shen Tingting , Huang Xiaowei , Xiao Jianbo , Farag Mohamed A. , Shi Jiyong , Zou Xiaobo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe importance of food quality and safety lies in ensuring the best product quality to meet consumer demands and public health. Advanced technologies play a crucial role in minimizing the risk of foodborne illnesses, contamination, drug residue, and other potential hazards in food. Significant materials and technological advancements have been made throughout the food supply chain. Among them, quantum dots (QDs), as a class of advanced nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties, are progressively demonstrating their value in the field of food quality and safety. This review aims to explore cutting‐edge research on the different applications of QDs in food quality and safety, including encapsulation of bioactive compounds, detection of food analytes, food preservation and packaging, and intelligent food freshness indicators. Moreover, the modification strategies and potential toxicities of diverse QDs are outlined, which can affect performance and hinder applications in the food industry. The findings suggested that QDs are mainly used in analyte detection and active/intelligent food packaging. Various food analytes can be detected using QD‐based sensors, including heavy metal ions, pesticides, antibiotics, microorganisms, additives, and functional components. Moreover, QD incorporation aided in improving the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of film/coatings, resulting in extended shelf life for packaged food. Finally, the perspectives and critical challenges for the productivity, toxicity, and practical application of QDs are also summarized. By consolidating these essential aspects into this review, the way for developing high‐performance QD‐based nanomaterials is presented for researchers and food technologists to better capitalize upon this technology in food applications.
Use of surgical procedure manager to standardise operation steps and monitor surgeon performance in open repair of inguinal hernia
Authors: Cheung Yue Sun , Lok Hon Ting , Fung Andrew Kai Yip , Lai Paul Bo San 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo study the feasibility of using surgical procedure manager (SPM), a digital checklist platform, to standardise surgical steps of open hernia repair and monitor the operative performance.MethodologyA retrospective study on all open mesh repair of inguinal hernia under local anaesthesia from September 2019 to November 2021 at the Prince of Wales Hospital was performed. The operative outcomes of patients having operations with or without the use of SPM were compared. Procedures using SPM had operation steps shown as a digital checklist inside the theatre. The time used for each surgical step was recorded and analysed. The operative performance of the surgeons was analysed by observing the trend of the mean operation time over time.ResultsA total of 123 patients were recruited, of which 52 were using the SPM. The median age of patients was 75 (range 49–93) years. A decreasing trend in the mean operation time for dissection, mesh placement, wound closure and total operation time was observed in surgeries using SPM. There was no significant difference in the operation time, theatre time, total length of stay, blood loss and readmission rate between the SPM and non‐SPM groups. The proportion of basic surgical trainees as coached surgeons in the SPM group was significantly higher (SPM = 52% vs non‐SPM = 28%, P = .07).ConclusionsThe use of SPM did not significantly prolong the operation time and produce comparable operative outcomes in open hernia repair. It provided the additional advantage of standardising operation steps and monitoring the performance of surgical trainees during their training.
The effect of germinated black lentils on cookie quality by applying ultraviolet radiation and ultrasound technology
Authors: Levent Hacer , Aktaş Kübra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBlack lentils contain protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins, as well as phytochemicals and various bioactive compounds. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ultrasound (US) methods are innovative technologies that can be used to increase the efficiency of the germination process in grains and legumes. To improve the nutritional value and bioactive compounds of the cookies, black lentils germinated by applying UV radiation and US technology were used in the cookie formulation. Before the germination process, UV, US, and their combination (UV+US) were applied, and pretreated and unpretreated germinated black lentil flours were used at a level of 20% in the cookie formulation. The results revealed that pretreatment application increased the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity more than the lentil sample germinated without any treatment. In addition, the pretreatments applied further reduced the amount of phytic acid in black lentils and the lowest phytic acid content was obtained with the UV–US combination. Compared to cookies containing unpretreated germinated black lentil flour, higher L* values and lower a* values were obtained in the cookie samples containing pretreated germinated black lentil flour. Cookies containing all pretreated germinated lentils generally exhibited higher Ca and K content. This study demonstrated that UV radiation and US improved the nutritional value and bioactive components of the germinated black lentil flour and the cookies in which it was used, compared to the black lentils germinated without any treatment.Practical ApplicationPretreatment of black lentils with UV/US application before germination resulted in a greater increase in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity compared to the control sample. The applied pretreatments caused a further decrease in the amount of phytic acid in black lentil samples. Black lentils germinated with the UV+US combination revealed higher Ca, Fe, K, and Mg content compared to the sample germinated without any treatment.
Effects of IV fluid restriction according to site‐specific intensity of standard fluid treatment—protocol
Authors: Sivapalan Praleene , Kaas‐Hansen Benjamin Skov , Meyhoff Tine Sylvest , Hjortrup Peter Buhl , Kjær Maj‐Brit N. , Laake Jon Henrik , Cronhjort Maria , Jakob Stephan M. , Cecconi Maurizio , Nalos Marek , Ostermann Marlies , Malbrain Manu L. N. G. , Møller Morten Hylander , Perner Anders , Granholm Anders 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVariation in usual practice in fluid trials assessing lower versus higher volumes may affect overall comparisons. To address this, we will evaluate the effects of heterogeneity in treatment intensity in the Conservative versus Liberal Approach to Fluid Therapy of Septic Shock in Intensive Care trial. This will reflect the effects of differences in site‐specific intensities of standard fluid treatment due to local practice preferences while considering participant characteristics.MethodsWe will assess the effects of heterogeneity in treatment intensity across one primary (all‐cause mortality) and three secondary outcomes (serious adverse events or reactions, days alive without life support and days alive out of hospital) after 90 days. We will classify sites based on the site‐specific intensity of standard fluid treatment, defined as the mean differences in observed versus predicted intravenous fluid volumes in the first 24 h in the standard‐fluid group while accounting for differences in participant characteristics. Predictions will be made using a machine learning model including 22 baseline predictors using the extreme gradient boosting algorithm. Subsequently, sites will be grouped into fluid treatment intensity subgroups containing at least 100 participants each. Subgroups differences will be assessed using hierarchical Bayesian regression models with weakly informative priors. We will present the full posterior distributions of relative (risk ratios and ratios of means) and absolute differences (risk differences and mean differences) in each subgroup.DiscussionThis study will provide data on the effects of heterogeneity in treatment intensity while accounting for patient characteristics in critically ill adult patients with septic shock.RegistrationsThe European Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT): 2018‐000404‐42, ClinicalTrials. gov: NCT03668236.