bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of estrogen receptor expression and other clinicopathologic features on tamoxifen use in ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Hird R. Barry , Chang Alfred , Cimmino Vincent , Diehl Kathleen , Sabel Michael , Kleer Celina , Helvie Mark , Schott Anne , Young Jennifer , Hayes Daniel , Newman Lisa 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent data have demonstrated that benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is limited to estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive lesions. The objective of the current study was to correlate clinicopathologic features of DCIS with ER expression and the impact of this information on tamoxifen counseling.METHODSWomen with DCIS who were treated from 2001 to 2004 were evaluated. Routine ER staining was initiated in January 2003.RESULTSNinety‐four women (mean age, 57.6 years) were analyzed. The mean DCIS size was 0.98 cm. ER‐staining was performed in 55 lesions, and 76% were ER‐positive. All Grade 1 and 2 DCIS lesions were ER‐positive, compared with 54% of high‐grade lesions (P<.001); no other clinicopathologic feature significantly predicted ER status. Overall, 58 patients (62%) were offered tamoxifen, and the rates were similar for the pre‐ER and post‐ER staining periods. In the pre‐ER staining period, surgical treatment and grade were associated with offering tamoxifen (75% of patients who underwent breast conservation vs. 40% of patients who underwent mastectomy; P = .03; 78% of patients with Grade 1 or 2 lesions vs. 45% of patients with Grade 3 lesions; P = .04). In the post‐ER staining period, however, only ER status was correlated significantly with offering tamoxifen (71% of patients with ER‐positive lesions vs. 31% of patients with ER‐negative lesions; P = .01). Approximately 66% of patients who were offered tamoxifen agreed to treatment (approximately 33% of the total DCIS study sample). No clinicopathologic features predicted for tamoxifen acceptance by patients in either the pre‐ER or post‐ER staining periods.CONCLUSIONSSeventy‐five percent of DCIS lesions were ER‐positive. ER staining significantly influenced the likelihood that clinicians would offer tamoxifen to patients with DCIS, but it had no impact on whether patients accepted treatment. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Particle embolization of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy
Authors: Covey Anne M. , Maluccio Mary A. , Schubert Johanna , BenPorat Leah , Brody Lynn A. , Sofocleous Constantinos T. , Getrajdman George I. , Fong Yuman , Brown Karen T. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDComplete surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, most patients ultimately develop disease recurrence and the median survival from the time of recurrence is <1 year. The purpose of the current study was to review the authors' experience using bland hepatic arterial embolization to treat recurrent HCC after definitive surgical resection.METHODSThe authors reviewed their single‐center hepatic embolization database from 1995 through 2004 to identify patients who underwent bland hepatic arterial embolization for disease recurrence. Data analyzed included patient demographics, Okuda stage and Child score, imaging findings, and embolization variables. Recurrence‐free survival (from surgery to disease recurrence) and survival time (from recurrence to last follow‐up) were calculated using the Kaplan‐Meier method.RESULTSThe authors identified 45 patients treated with bland embolization for recurrent HCC after resection. Six patients also underwent ablative therapy after embolization. Of the 45 patients, 42 (93.3%) patients had Okuda Stage 1 disease. The median time to recurrence was 13 months. The median survival after embolization was 46 months, and actuarial survival rates at 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years after recurrence were 86%, 74%, and 47%, respectively, with a median follow‐up of 31 months. Patients who developed disease recurrence with a solitary lesion had a significantly improved survival (P = .03) At the time of last follow‐up, 3 patients (6.6%) were alive with no evidence of viable disease.CONCLUSIONSBland arterial embolization was found to be an effective method of salvage therapy for patients with good liver function with recurrent HCC after prior surgical resection. Patients whose disease recurred with a solitary lesion appear to have a significantly increased survival compared with patients who develop disease recurrence with multiple tumors. A small proportion of patients can be rendered without evidence of viable disease. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
The “Non‐Reaction” of Ground‐State Triplet Carbon Atoms with Water Revisited
Authors: Schreiner Peter R. , Reisenauer H. Peter 
Published: April 2006

AbstractWe introduce a novel experimental setup for the generation of carbon atoms by means of pulsed laser ablation with a pulse rate optimized to avoid warming of the matrix. The combination of this technique with annealing of the matrix, recooling, and spectral recording (e.g. IR) allowed us to differentiate between the reactivity of triplet and singlet carbon atoms towards water under matrix‐isolation conditions. Our experimental procedure assures the relaxation of all unreacted carbon atoms to their triplet ground state in the 10 K matrix before spectral recording. In agreement with CCSD(T)/cc‐pVTZ+ZPVE computational data and earlier lower level results, we find that triplet carbon atoms indeed do not react with water, despite their high initial energy. Intersystem crossing of the triplet to singlet states of hydroxy carbene are less important, as the barriers for rearrangement of the initial complex of triplet carbon atoms and water to covalently bound species are too high, and dissociation is more likely. We found no evidence for a direct OH bond‐insertion path for triplet carbon atoms. Self‐condensation reactions of triplet carbon atoms are clearly favored and yield carbon clusters that show reactivity of their own. The proposed formation of aldoses in extraterrestrial environments can therefore only derive from “hot” carbon atoms or through photoreactions.
Fingerprints of Damped Quantum Rotation Observed in Solid‐State Proton NMR Spectra
Authors: Gutsche Peter , Schmitt Heike , Haeberlen Ulrich , Ratajczyk Tomasz , Szymanski Slawomir 
Published: April 2006

Abstract1H NMR spectra of the methyl group in an oriented crystal sample of methylmalonic acid with all three non‐methyl protons replaced by deuterons are interpreted in terms of the damped quantum rotation (DQR) theory of NMR line shapes. The DQR approach offers a perfect theoretical reproduction of the observed spectra while the conventional Alexander‐Binsch line‐shape model shows evident defects in the present case. The temperature trends of the quantities characterizing the coherent and incoherent dynamics of the methyl group in the DQR approach (the effective tunnelling frequency and two coherence‐damping rates) derived from the spectra are fairly reproduced using a model reported previously. The present findings provide further evidence of limitations to the validity of the common belief that molecular rate processes in condensed phases are necessarily classical.
Alternative Low‐Energy Mechanisms for Isotopic Exchange in Gas‐Phase D2O–H+(H2O)n Reactions
Authors: Mella Massimo , Ponti Alessandro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractMolecular‐dynamics (MD) trajectories and high‐level ab initio methods have been used to study the low‐energy mechanism for D2O–H+(H2O)n reactions. At low collisional energies, MD simulations show that the collisional complexes are long‐lived and undergo fast monomolecular isomerization, converting between different isomers within 50–500 ps. Such processes, primarily involving water‐molecule shifts along a water chain, require the surmounting of very‐low‐energy barriers and present sizable non‐ Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) effects, which are interpreted as a lack of randomization of the internal kinetic energy. Interestingly, the rate of water shifts was found to increase upon increasing the size of the cluster. Based on these findings, we propose to incorporate the following steps into the mechanism for low‐energy isotopic scrambling these D2O–H+(H2O)n reactions: a) formation of the collisional complex [H+(H2O)nD2O]* in a vibro‐rotational excited state; b) incorporation of the heavy‐water molecule in the cluster core as HD2O+ by means of isomerization involving molecular shifts; c) displacement of solvation molecules from the first shell of HD2O+ inducing de‐deuteration (shift of a D+ to a neighbor water molecule); d) reorganization of the clusters and/or expulsion of one of the isotopic variants of water (H2O, HDO or D2O) from the periphery of the complex.
Recent Progress in Ultrafast X‐ray Diffraction
Authors: Bargheer M. , Zhavoronkov N. , Woerner M. , Elsaesser T. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractX‐ray diffraction with femtosecond time‐resolution represents a direct probe of ultrafast structural changes in condensed matter. The generation of ultrashort X‐ray pulses in laser‐driven plasma and/or accelerator‐based sources has made substantial progress, and has allowed for studies of transient structures with an unprecedented accuracy. Herein, recent work on transient crystalline structures is reviewed, with the focus on laser‐based experiments.
Linked Crystallites in the Conducting Topmost Layer of Polymer Bilayer Films Controlled by Temperature: From Micro‐ to Nanocrystallites
Authors: Laukhina Elena , Tkacheva Vladislava , Khasanov Salavat , Zorina Leokadia , Gómez‐Segura Jordi , Pérez del Pino Angel , Veciana Jaume , Laukhin Vladimir , Rovira Concepció 
Published: April 2006

AbstractTemperature has great impact on the structure and size of the linked crystallites of the conducting topmost layer formed at the surface of a polycarbonate film via the reaction BEDT‐TTF+IBr [BEDT‐TTF=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene]. We show that fine temperature control permits formation of a semiconducting topmost layer of α′‐(BEDT‐TTF)2(IxBr1−x)3 crystallites with either micro‐ or nanometre size, a result that opens a route to miniaturized conducting plastic materials.
Managing conflict during an organizational acquisition
Authors: Cohen Cynthia F. , Birkin Stanley J. , Cohen Murray E. , Garfield Monica J. , Webb Harold W. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractConflict frequently arises during an organizational acquisition, and how a company manages that conflict has an impact on the success of the acquisition. Software developers, testers, and managers of a recently acquired organization reported profound changes in organizational culture and numerous potential sources of conflict. Conflict was generally well managed by effectively handling economic rewards, the balancing of power, cultural changes, and emotional reactions to the acquisition.
A Systematic Exploration of Nickel(II)/Acetate/Di‐2‐pyridyl Ketone Chemistry: Neutral and Cationic Tetranuclear Clusters, and a Novel Mononuclear Complex
Authors: Efthymiou Constantinos G. , Raptopoulou Catherine P. , Terzis Aris , Boča Roman , Korabic Maria , Mrozinski Jerzy , Perlepes Spyros P. , Bakalbassis Evangelos G. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe further use of di‐2‐pyridyl ketone [(2‐py)2CO] innickel(II) acetate chemistry has been investigated. Various synthetic procedures have led to the synthesis ofcomplexes [Ni4(O2CMe)2{(2‐py)2C(OH)O}4(H2O)2](ClO4)2 (1), [Ni(O2CMe){(2‐py)2C(OH)2}{(2‐py)2CO}](ClO4)·H2O (2·H2O), [Ni4(O2CMe)3{(2‐py)2C(OH)O}4](ClO4)·2H2O·2EtOH (3·2H2O·2EtOH), [Ni4(O2CMe)4{(2‐py)2C(OH)O}4]·2MeCN (4·2MeCN), and [Ni4(O2CMe)3{(2‐py)2C(OH)O}4](O2CMe)·6H2O·MeCN (5·6H2O·MeCN). The NiII‐mediated hydrolysis of (2‐py)2CO to give the coordinated molecule (2‐py)2C(OH)2 or the monoanion (2‐py)2C(OH)O– involves nucleophilic attack by H2O on the carbonyl group. The NiII ion in 2·H2O is coordinated by one monodentate acetate, one N,N′,O‐tridentate chelating (2‐py)2C(OH)2 molecule, and one N,N′‐bidentate chelating (2‐py)2CO ligand. The tetranuclear cluster cation of 1 has a cubane {Ni4(μ3‐OR)4}4+ core with NiII ions and deprotonated oxygen atoms occupying alternate vertices. The [Ni4(O2CMe)3{(2‐py)2C(OH)O}4]+ cations present in the complexes 3·2H2O·2EtOH and 5·6H2O·MeCN have almost identical cubane structures that are different from the structure of the cation of 1. The four metal ions in the centrosymmetric molecules of 4·2MeCN are located at four vertices of a defect dicubane (with two missing vertices) and are bridged by six oxygen atoms. Characteristic IR bands are discussed in terms of the known structures of 1–5. The magnetic data for the NiII cubane 1 has been modeled with two Jvalues, and shows that the coupling consists of two ferromagnetically coupled pairs that are antiferromagnetically coupled to give a diamagnetic ground state. The magneticproperties of 4 have been modeled with three J values, andreveal competing antiferromagnetic and ferromagneticcoupling between the four NiII ions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
(Diphosphane monosulfide)platinum(II) Complexes for Hydroformylation Reactions: Their Catalytic Activity and a High‐Pressure NMR Mechanistic Study
Authors: Lofù Antonio , Mastrorilli Piero , Nobile Cosimo F. , Suranna Gian P. , Frediani Piero , Iggo Jonathan 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe neutral complexes of formula [κ2P,S‐(dppmS)Pt(CH3)(Cl)] (1), [κ2P,S‐(dppeS)Pt(CH3)(Cl)] (2) and [κ2P,S‐(dpppS)Pt(CH3)(Cl)] (3) [dppmS = Ph2PCH2P(S)Ph2; dppeS = Ph2P(CH2)2P(S)Ph2; dpppS = Ph2P(CH2)3P(S)Ph2] are active catalyst precursors for the hydroformylation of 1‐octene in methyl isobutyl ketone. The order of reactivity found is3 > 2 > 1. Surprisingly, the cationic complexes [κ2P,S‐(dppeS)Pt(CH3)(CH3CN)]BF4 (4a) and [{κP,μ‐κS‐(dppeS)Pt(CH3)}2][BF4]2 (5) are less active than the analogous neutral complex 2. High‐pressure NMR studies revealed that, at 20 °C under 1 to 50 bar of syngas, and in the presence of SnCl2, both 2 and 4a react immediately to form the same acetyl complex (8). However, in the absence of SnCl2, the methyl carbonyl complex [κ2P,S‐(dppeS)Pt(CH3)(CO)]+ (9), which is formed from 4a and CO, does not undergo insertion to give the acetyl complex, even under 50 bar of syngas. Thus, the role of SnCl2 is not only to create a vacant site for CO coordination and to lower the energy barrier for the hydrogenolysis, but also to assist migration of the alkyl group in the CO insertion step. High‐pressure NMR studies of the working reaction solution, under steady‐state conditions, found no evidence for intermediates in which the phosphane sulfide group shows hemilabile behaviour during catalysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
The “Building‐Block” Assembly of a [Ni12Mn6] Aggregate
Authors: Wu Gang , Clérac Rodolphe , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Qiu Shilun , Anson Christopher E. , Hewitt Ian J. , Powell Annie K. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractReaction of MnII(bdoa)(H2O)3 with Ni(CH3COO)2·3H2O in methanol gives a heterometallic cluster, [Ni12Mn6(bdoa)6(O2CMe)12(μ3‐OMe)12(MeOH)12]·21MeOH, which was structurally characterised by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and possesses three self‐assembled tetranuclear nickel cubes connected by a MnII6(bdoa)6(CH3COO)3 subunit. The magnetic properties were studied in detail and indicate that the compound possesses a high density of spin states with small energy gaps between them. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Asymmetric Synthesis of Antithrombotic Agent M55529: The First Enantioselective Cyclic N,O‐Acetal Formation
Authors: Saitoh Fumihiko , Nishida Hidemitsu , Mukaihira Takafumi , Aikawa Kohsuke , Mikami Koichi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe first asymmetric synthesis of antithrombotic agent M55529 is reported, wherein the first enantioselective cyclic N,O‐acetal formation is clarified. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Smoking and mortality from esophageal cancer in China: A large case‐control study of 19,734 male esophageal cancer deaths and 104,846 living spouse controls
Authors: Jiang Jing‐mei , Zeng Xian‐jia , Chen Jun‐shi , Ping‐zhao  , Li Jun‐yao , Zhang Kong‐lai , Wu Ya‐ping , Liu Bo‐qi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAn innovative population‐based case‐control study was conducted in a national mortality survey to assess the hazards of tobacco use on esophageal cancer among Chinese men. Cases were 19,734 males aged 35 years or older, who died of esophageal cancer during 1986–1988. Controls were 104,846 male living spouses of the same age when their wife died (of any cause) during the same period in the same county or city. The absolute esophageal cancer death rates were higher in smokers than those in nonsmokers in all geographical groups. The relative risks for esophageal cancer were 1.88 (95% CI: 1.73–2.05) and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.28–1.50) in urban and rural men, respectively, after adjustment for other relevant covariates including age group (5 years) and locality. When the calculation was restricted to men aged 35–69, the risk ratios for current cigarette smokers increased significantly with increasing number of cigarettes smoked daily and duration of smoking. Tobacco use, in any form, is an important risk factor for esophageal cancer in Chinese men. Selecting living spouses as controls is a unique and useful approach in the design of case‐control studies of cigarette smoking. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A microsatellite polymorphism in the heme oxygenase‐1 gene promoter is associated with risk for melanoma
Authors: Okamoto Ichiro , Krögler Julia , Endler Georg , Kaufmann Stefan , Mustafa Stefan , Exner Markus , Mannhalter Christine , Wagner Oswald , Pehamberger Hubert 
Published: April 2006

AbstractHeme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) has been demonstrated to play an important role in the regulation of signaling systems, which are involved in the control of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Recently, a (GT)n dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the HO‐1 promoter was shown to modulate HO‐1 gene expression. Short (<25 GT) repeats are associated with an increased HO‐1 upregulation after stimulation than are longer repeats. Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most serious cutaneous malignancy with high tendency to aggressive growth and resistance to apoptosis. Therefore, we sought to study the influence of this polymorphism on the progression of MM. We determined the HO‐1 promoter genotype in 152 patients with MM and 398 healthy controls and studied their association in regard to susceptibility to MM, Breslow thickness and disease‐free survival. In our study, the homozygous short allele with <25 (GT)n repeats (S/S) was found more frequently in the melanoma group compared to the healthy control population (21 and 12%, respectively). The calculated risk for acquiring primary MM in S/S carriers was 2‐fold higher compared to those with L‐allele types (95% confidence interval: 1.2–2.4, p = 0.03). Additionally, the S/S genotype was significantly associated with primary tumors with deeper Breslow thickness compared to L‐allele (>25 repeats) carriers (mean Breslow thickness: 4.0 ± 2.9 mm versus 3.1 ± 1.7 mm, p = 0.03). These data suggest that HO‐1 might render a higher risk for MM in S/S genotype individuals and could represent an important candidate gene in the pathogenesis and growth of malignant melanoma. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monitoring of WT1‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Morita Yuriko , Heike Yuji , Kawakami Mami , Miura Osamu , Nakatsuka Shin‐ichi , Ebisawa Michiko , Mori Shin‐ichiro , Tanosaki Ryuji , Fukuda Takahiro , Kim Sung‐Won , Tobinai Kensei , Takaue Yoichi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractDonor‐derived cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that respond to tumor antigens emerge after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), particularly in association with the status of immune recovery. To analyze the frequency of CTL against PR1, PRAME and WT1 after HSCT, a tetramer‐based analysis was performed in 97 samples taken from 35 patients (9 AML, 11 MDS, 2 CML, 4 ALL, 7 lymphoma and 2 renal cell carcinoma [RCC]) with the HLA‐A02 phenotype. Regarding PR1, only 1 sample showed the presence of tetramer‐positive cells (0.04%/lymphocyte). Similarly, in PRAME, only 10 of 97 samples were sporadically positive with low titers. For WT1, positive results were detected in 39 of 97 samples and 7 (2 CML, 1 ALL, 2 lymphoma and 2 RCC) patients clearly showed positive results more than once. On the basis of these results, we performed serial analyses of WT1‐specific CTL during the clinical course in 2 patients with RCC, who underwent HSCT with a reduced‐intensity regimen, to examine the precise correlation between the kinetics of CTL, the occurrence of GVHD and the observed clinical response. A higher positive rate for WT1‐specific CTL and a correlation with the clinical response suggest that WT1 may be a useful antigen for a wider monitoring application. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The structure of the bond between bone and porous silicon‐substituted hydroxyapatite bioceramic implants
Authors: Porter Alexandra E. , Buckland Tom , Hing Karin , Best Serena M. , Bonfield William 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe significance of micrometer‐sized strut porosity in promoting bone ingrowth into porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds has only recently been noted. In this study, silicon‐substituted HA (0.8 wt % Si‐HA) with approximately 8.5% of the total porosity present as microporosity within the struts of the implant was prepared for high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) via both ultramicrotomy and focused ion beam milling. Between the struts of the porous Si‐HA, pores with varying shapes and sizes (1–10 μm in diameter) were characterized. Within the struts, the Si‐HA contained features such as grain boundaries and triple‐junction grain boundaries. Bone ingrowth and dissolution from a Si‐HA implant were studied using HR‐TEM after 6 weeks in vivo. Minor local dissolution occurred within several pores within the struts. Organized, mineralized collagen fibrils had grown into the strut porosity at the interface between the porous Si‐HA implant and the surface of the surrounding bone. In comparison, deeper within the implant, disorganized and poorly mineralized fibers were observed within the strut porosity. These findings provide valuable insight into the development of bone around porous Si‐HA implants. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006