bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraperitoneal radio‐localization of tumors pre‐targeted by biotinylated monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Paganelli G. , Pervez S. , Siccardi A. G. , Rowlinson G. , Deleide G. , Chiolerio F. , Malcovati M. , Scassellati G. A. , Epenetos A. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe 2‐step and 3‐step strategies for intraperitoneal tumor radio‐localization by means of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Nude mice bearing intraperitoneal human colon carcinoma tumors were injected i.p. with biotinylated MAb AUAI, followed 24 hr later by radioiodinated streptavidin (2‐step). The uptake of radioactivity in tumor and normal tissues was measured 4 hr after injection of radioactive compound. A 3‐step strategy consisted in administering biotinylated antibody, cold avidin after 24 hr and 111In‐labelled biotin after a further 4 hr; mice were then killed 2 hr later. Tumor localization of intraperitoneally‐administered biotinylated antibody and direct targeting of radioactive streptavidin to biotinylated antibody bound to tumor sites were demonstrated using immunohistochemistry and autoradiography. Our results show that (i) the 2‐step approach increased the percentage of radioactivity uptake by tumor with respect to directly labelled antibodies (24% vs. 6%) and improved the tumor/non‐tumor ratio; (ii) the 3‐step approach allowed faster blood clearance of the radioactive probe (111In‐biotin) and yielded high tumor/non‐tumor ratios. “Pre‐targeting” methods appear to have advantages over the conventional 1‐step approach with directly radiolabelled antibody.
A synthetic thymic hormone, THF‐γ2, repairs immunodeficiency of mice cured of plasmacytoma by melphalan
Authors: Ophir R. , Pecht M. , Rashid G. , Halperin D. , Lourie S. , Burstein Y. , Ben‐Efraim S. , Trainin S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBALB/c mice cured of large MOPC‐315 plasmacytomas by melphalan remain deficient in their spleen T‐cell functions. This was manifested by impairment of the allogeneic and the antibody responses in vitro to SRBC and in decreased numbers of T‐cells including their subsets CD4 and CD8. IL‐2 production and specific cytotoxicity against MOPC‐315 tumor cells were, on the other hand, maintained. Treatment of these cured mice by in‐vivo administration of THF‐γ2, an octapeptide from calf thymus, repaired these deficits. This was evidenced by in vitro tests with spleen cells which manifested an increased allogeneic response and elevated generation of primary antibody response, restoration of T‐cell subpopulations to normal and an enhanced IL‐2 production above normal levels. The potential use of THF‐γ2 as supportive therapy in cancer treatment is suggested.
Injectable contraceptives and risk of invasive cervical cancer: Evidence of an association
Authors: Herrero Rolando , Brinton Louise A. , Reeves William C. , Brenes Maria M. , De Britton Rosa C. , Tenorio Francisco , Gaitan Eduardo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a case‐control study conducted in Latin America, the relationship of injectable contraceptive (IC) use to risk of in vasive cervical cancer was analyzed while controlling for a variety of other risk factors, including female and spouse sexual behavior and infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Thirty‐two cases and 82 controls reported ever having used IC. Women reporting use of IC for less than 5 years had an adjusted RR of 0.5 (95% CI = 0.3‐0.9), but users for 5 or more years had an RR of 2.4 (95% Cl = 1.0‐5.7). The effect of prolonged 1C use was stronger for women reporting first use 10 or more years before interview (adjusted RR = 3.4, 95% Cl = 1.1‐24.9) and more than 5 years since last use (adjusted RR = 5.3, 95% Cl = 1.1‐10.0). Cervical cancer risk associated with prolonged IC use was particularly high among women who reported never having had a Pap smear or having had one 2 or more years before interview (adjusted RR = 6.3, 95% CI = 2.1‐18.7). The reduced cervical cancer risk associated with short‐term use of IC may reflect intensive Pap smear screening as the method is initiated. Although hampered by small numbers, these results suggest an adverse effect of prolonged IC use on cervical cancer risk, particularly among women who cease participation in screening programs after terminating usage, and indicate that long‐term IC users should be monitored for cervical disease until more conclusive results are available.
Frequency of meat and fish intake and risk of breast cancer in a prospective study of 14,500 norwegian women
Authors: Vatten Lars J. , Solvoll Kari , Løken Elin B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe association between the frequency of meat and fish intake and the incidence rate of breast cancer has been ana lyzed in 152 incident cases that developed among 14,500 Nor wegian women during 11 to 14 years of follow‐up. At the time of dietary inquiry they were between 35 and 51 years of age. A positive association was observed between the frequency of overall meat intake and breast cancer risk. There was an age‐adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.8 (95% confidence limits, 1.1 and 3.1) for women who had a main meal with meat 5 times or more per week compared to women who had 2 meat dinners or less per week, and this association displayed a linear trend (2 trend = 4.30, p = 0.04). No association was detected between the overall frequency of fish for dinner and breast cancer risk (2 trend = 1.39, p = 0.24), but there was an inverse relation with the frequency of main meals contain ing fish in poached form. The age‐adjusted IRR was 0.7 (95% confidence limits, 0.4 and 1.0) for women who had poached fish for dinner at least 5 times per month compared to women who had fish in this form twice monthly or less often (2 trend = 3.56, p = 0.06). The positive association with meat may be in accordance with the hypothesis that dietary fat increases the risk of breast cancer. Although there was no association with overall fish intake, the inverse relation with poached fish might deserve further investigation.
Bimodal relationship between invasion of the amniotic membrane and plasminogen activator activity
Authors: Tsuboi Ryoji , Rifkin Daniel B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree human tumor cell lines, Bowes' melanoma, HT1080 and Osmond cells, were characterized for their abillty to invade the amniotic membrane and their production of plasminogen activator. Bowes' melanoma cells, which release large amounts of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), were poorly invasive on the amniotic membrane. The addition of plasmin inhibitors, anti‐tPA antibody or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) to the amnion assay enhanced invasiveness. The depletion of plasminogen from the growth medium also enhanced the degree of invasiveness. Similarly, HT1080 cells, which produce high levels of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), were poorly invasive under standard conditions but invasion was enhanced by plasmin inhibitors or anti‐uPA antibodies. Conversely, Osmond cells, which produce low levels of uPA, were very invasive on the amniotic membrane. Invasion by these cells was blocked by the addition of plasmin inhibitors or anti‐uPA antibodies to the amnion assay. These results suggest that invasion requires only a minimum level of PA activity and that, as PA production exceeds this optimal level, the degree of invasion decreases. We propose that high levels of plasmin, generated by the tPA or uPA secreted by the cells, may cause uncontrolled matrix degradation and interrupt the interaction of cells and matrix in the early stages of invasion. The inhibition of excessive plasmin activity may stabilize and increase cell matrix contacts and result in an enhancement of invasion.
Anti‐proliferative effects of tumor necrosis factor, gamma interferon and 5‐fluorouracil on human colorectal carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Schiller Joan H. , Bittner Gerard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously utilized a bank of diverse human colorectal carcinoma cell lines to assess the synergistic antiproliferative effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IFN‐gamma (IFN‐γ) in combination. In this study, we used 3 of these cell lines (HCT 116, SKCOI and VACO 9P) to study the growth‐inhibitory effects of TNF and IFN‐γ (TNF/IFN‐γ) on these cells when administered in conjunction with 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). All 3 cell lines were sensitive to suprapharmacologic concentrations of 5‐FU. However, the 3 lines varied in their sensitivities to clinically achievable concentrations of 5‐FU. Concentrations of 0.1 μg/ml of 5‐FU administered for 96 hr, and 50 μg/ml administered for I hr, inhibited the growth of HCT 116 cells by 20% and 77%, that of SKCOI cells by 25% and 66%, and that of VACO 9P cells by 25% and 55%, respectively. All 3 cell lines were sensitive to the anti‐proliferative effects of TNF/IFN‐γ in a dose‐dependent and duration‐dependent fashion. TNF/IFN‐γ was administered for I hr every other day on days 1, 3 and 5 to the 3 cell lines. Cells were also exposed to 5‐FU, administered either concomitantly for 96 hr, or for I hr on day I. The addition of TNF/IFN‐γ to clinically achievable concentrations of 5‐FU in both schedules resulted in additive cytotoxicity. For example, the addition of 10 ng/ml of both TNF and IFN‐γ to 96 hr of 0.1 μg/ml 5‐FU resulted in 10%, 5%, and 20% of control growth for the HCT 116 cell line, SKCOI cell line, and VACO 9P cell line, respectively. The addition of 10 ng/ml of both TNF and IFN‐γ to I hr of 50 μg/ml of 5‐FU inhibited all cell growth in all 3 cell lines. We conclude that TNF/IFN‐γ and 5‐FU can be combined to achieve higher anti‐tumor activity than either 5‐FU or TNF/IFN‐γ alone in this in vitro model, that the 3‐drug combination has potent growth‐inhibitory effects at pharmacologic concentrations which are not schedule‐dependent, and that this combination warrants further study in clinical trials.
Pharmacological modification of multi‐drug resistance (mdr) in vitro detected by a novel fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay. Reversal of resistance and selective cytotoxic actions of cyclosporin a and verapamil on mdr leukemia t‐cells
Authors: Larsson Rolf , Nygren Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA novel fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA), based on measurements of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis and DNA staining by Hoechst 33342, was used for drug sensitivity testing and detection of resistance reversal in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines. The 72‐hr assay was found to be sensitive, reproducible and linearly related to the number of viable cells within a broad range of cell concentrations. At clinically achievable drug concentrations, the calcium channel blocker Verapamil (ver) and the immunosuppressant Cyclosporin A (csA) were found to partly reverse acquired Vincristine (vcr) resistance in multidrug resistant (MDR) T‐ALL LI00 cells with little or no effect on the drug‐sensitive parental LO cell line. By combining the fluorometric indices, we found that low concentrations of csA were growth‐inhibitory, whereas higher concentrations (>IOμg/ml) were progressively cytotoxic for drug‐sensitive LO cells. In MDR LlOO cells, on the other hand, csA produced significant cell kill even at low drug concentrations. Ver had no effects on sensitive LO cells but showed considerable cytotoxic action towards MDR LIOO cells. There was no apparent relationship between drug reversal of vcr resistance and the cytotoxic actions of the drug per se since the calcium channel blocker diltiazem (dil) significantly potentiated the actions of vcr on MDR LIOO cells without being more toxic to these cells (compared to vcr‐sensitive LO cells).
Selection of a dtpa chelate conjugate for monoclonal antibody targeting to a human colonic tumor in nude mice
Authors: Sharkey Robert M. , Motta‐Hennessy Cecilia , Gansow Otto A. , Brechbiel Martin W. , Fand Irwin , Griffiths Gary L. , Jones Anastasia L. , Goldenberg David M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOur previous studies with a 90Y‐labelled antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated to the cyclic anhydride‐DTPA (CA‐DTPA) indicated that the accretion of 90Y in the bone may limit the application of 90Y‐labelled antibodies for therapy. In this report, we have compared the tumor targeting of CA‐DTPA‐conjugated antibody to antibody conjugated with 4 isothiocyanatobenzyl (ITC‐Bz) derivatives of DTPA in nude mice bearing a human colonic tumor xenograft. In biodistribution studies using an 111In‐labelled anti‐CEA murine monoclonal antibody (MAb), the CA‐DTPA‐conjugated MAb showed lower tumor uptake, faster blood clearance, and higher accretion in the liver than any of the 4 ITC‐Bz‐DTPA‐conjugated MAbs. There were smaller differences among the 4 ITC‐Bz‐DTPA conjugates. Whole‐body autoradiography of animals given 90Y‐MAb prepared with the CA‐DTPA or the ITC‐Bz‐DTPA showed less radioactivity in the bone with the ITC‐Bz‐DTPA‐MAb than the CA‐DTPA‐MAb. 90Y uptake in the bone corresponded with regions of low proliferative activity as defined by 3H‐labelled thymidine, suggesting that the 90Y was in the cortex rather than the marrow. These studies clearly show an advantage of the ITC‐Bz‐DTPA derivatives for 90Y and 111In labelling of MAbs.
Inhibitory effect of selenium on hamster pancreatic cancer induction by n′‐nitrosobis(2‐oxopropyl)amine
Authors: Kise Yoshifumi , Yamamura Manabu , Kogata Munehisa , Uetsuji Shoji , Takada Hideho , Hioki Koshiro , Yamamoto Masakatsu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of selenium intake on the development of pan creatic cancer was investigated in female Syrian golden ham sters. Four‐week‐old hamsters were divided into 2 groups ac cording to the selenium level in their drinking water and were fed a purified diet containing less than 0.05 ppm selenium. Starting 4 weeks later, groups received 10 s. c. injections at weekly intervals of N′‐nitrosobis(2‐oxopropyl)amine (BOP) dissolved in saline, while controls received saline alone. When the animals were killed 18 weeks after the last injection, pal pable tumors were less frequent in the high‐selenium group than in animals receiving low‐selenium supplement, the num bers of histologically diagnosed cancerous lesions also being significantly reduced by high selenium intake. The selenium level and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum and pan creas were significantly greater in the high‐selenium group. Moreover, selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activ ity were both significantly higher in tumor‐bearing tissue. The results suggest that glutathione peroxidase is involved as an intermediate factor in prevention of carcinogenesis by sele nium.
Enhancement of fluorinated pyrimidine‐induced cytotoxicity by leucovorin in human lung cancer cell lines
Authors: Tsai Chun‐Ming , Gazdar Adi F. , Allegra Carmen , Perng Reury‐Perng , Kramer Barnett S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReduced folates have been shown to increase the cytotoxicity of 5‐fluorouracil (FUra) by stabilizing the fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate: thymidylate synthase complex, thus increasing the block in the DNA synthetic pathway. Using an in vitro tetrazolium colorimetric (MTT) cytotoxic assay, we tested the effects of FUra and 5‐fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) with and without leucovorin (LV) on a panel of 7 human lung cancer cell lines. LV at a concentration of 20 μM enhanced the cytotoxicity of FUra and of FUdR in all of the cell lines. Quantitatively, LV had a higher degree of enhancement on FUdR than on FUra cytotoxicity in 6 cell lines. There was equivalent enhancement in the only remaining line. The differential effects of LV on the cytotoxicity of FUra vs. FUdR in these lung carcinoma lines contrasts with a quantitatively similar enhancement of cytotoxicity between FUra and FUdR in colon cancer lines previously reported from our laboratory. This suggests that the metabolism of FUra may be different in these lung cancer cell lines.
Secreted phosphoprotein mrna is induced during multi‐stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin and correlates with the metastatic potential of murine fibroblasts
Authors: Craig Ann Marie , Tim Bowden G. , Chambers Ann F. , Spearman Maureen A. , Greenberg Amold H. , Wright Jim A. , McLeod Marilyn , Denhardt David T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSecreted phosphoprotein I (SPP), also known as 2ar, osteopontin, 44‐kDa bone phosphoprotein, bone sialoprotein I, and transformation‐related phosphoprotein, is a 41.5‐kDa glycosylated phosphoprotein secreted by many mammalian cell lines and expressed in a limited set of tissues. Using a cDNA probe, we found that SPP mRNA, which is barely detectable in normal mouse epidermis, was expressed at moderate‐to‐high levels in 2 of 3 epidermal papillomas and at consistently high levels in 7 of 7 squamous‐cell carcinomas induced by an initiation‐promotion regimen. This contrasts with the transient induction we had previously observed after a single application of the tumor promoter 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA). In a set of 5 independently isolated T24‐H‐ras‐transfected mouse C3H 10T1/2 cell lines, the levels of SPP mRNA correlated well with ras mRNA levels and with both experimental and spontaneous metastatic ability. SPP mRNA expression was also elevated in a derivative of mouse LTA cells transfected with genomic DNA from Bl6FI melanoma cells and selected for increased experimental metastatic ability in the chick embryo. This apparent association of SPP expression with invasion, progression and metastasis, along with the presence of a functional ArgGlyAsp (RGD) cell adhesion site in SPP (osteopontin), leads us to propose that SPP may act as an autocrine adhesion factor for tumor cells.
Height and weight in relation to uterine corpus cancer in norway morbidity and mortality. A follow‐up study of 570,000 women in Norway
Authors: Tretli Steinar , Magnus Knut 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe height and weight of 570,000 Norwegian women, aged 30‐69 years, were measured and the subjects were then followed up for 6‐18 years with regard to uterine corpus cancer morbidity and mortality. The analysis reveals that both height and Quetelet's index are risk factors for uterine corpus cancer. The risk for women belonging to the 5th quintile of both height and Quetelet's index is 3.2 times higher than the risk for women in the 1st quintile of both factors. It is argued that both height and Quetelet's index express a common etiological mechanism and that this mechanism is probably connected to the early phase of the disease. Body size expressed through body surface area reveals about the same strength of association as Quetelet's index. It is calculated that if women in the 5th quintile of Quetelet's index belonged to the 4th quintile instead, there would be about 10% fewer cases of uterine corpus cancer.
Cancer incidence correlations: Genital, urinary and some tobacco‐related cancers
Authors: Bosch F. X. , Cardis E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBivariate correlations between sex‐specific age‐adjusted incidence rates of 10 genital and urinary tract cancer sites and lung cancer were calculated. The data base used was that published in the 5th edition of the series Cancer incidence in five continents. The purpose of the analyses was to test the consistency of the data with the hypothesis of a common risk factor for genital cancers and other cancers of the urinary tract and for lung and genital cancers. The results indicate that the incidence of cervical cancer is strongly correlated with that of cancer of the penis, of other cancers of the female genital tract and of chorioepithelioma. In countries at low/intermediate risk for cervical cancer (mostly developed Western countries), the incidence of cervical cancer is also correlated with that of lung cancer in males. The incidence of male lung cancer is, moreover, strongly correlated with cancers of the prostate, penis, testis, bladder and other urinary tract cancers. These analyses support the views that: urogenital cancers in both sexes might share (a) common risk factor (s), which may be certain types of human papilloma‐virus; and that cigarette smoking is likely to be a risk factor for most of these cancers in countries where the use of tobacco has been widespread for a long time. Other suggestive etiological conclusions about less well‐studied cancer sites are also presented.
Changes in glycosaminoglycan synthesis and in heparan sulfate deposition in human colorectal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Bouziges Françoise , Simon‐Assmann P. , Leberquier C. , Marescaux J. , Bellocq J. P. , Haffen K. , Kedinger M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBiosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) was studied in morphologically normal colonic mucosa, in peritumoral and tumoral areas, and in colorectal polyps of tumor‐bearing patients. After GAG purification, overall biosynthesis was determined: the general trend was a decrease in GAG production in neoplastic colon, lowest GAG synthesis being observed in Dukes' stage C tumors. Separation by ion‐exchange chromatography of various GAG species and further characterization revealed the presence of hyaluronic acid (HA) and heparan sulfate (HS) molecules in all specimens studied. Chondroitin‐4 sulfate (CS4) was occasionally found in tumor samples. The relative proportion of HA and HS was modified in tumor tissue: i. e. increased HA and decreased HS were observed. Differences in DEAE‐chromatographic behavior were obvious in pathological samples as compared to controls, the hydrodynamic form of HA and the charge density of HS being decreased. The latter could be attributed to undersulfatation of HS molecules. Immunocytochemical detection of HS proteoglycan molecules revealed regular and bright labelling at epithelial‐stromal interface in control samples. In pathological samples, staining was patchy and discontinuous, showing large areas of basement membrane interruption.
Interaction of human immunodeficiency and papilloma viruses: Association with anal epithelial abnormality in homosexual men
Authors: Caussy Deoraj , Goedert James J. , Palefsky Joel , Gonzales John , Rabkin Charles S. , Digioia Richard A. , Sanchez William C. , Grossman Ronald J. , Colclough Ginga , Wiktor Stefan Z. , Krämer Alexander , Biggar Robert J. , Blatiner William A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the 7th annual follow‐up of our cohort of homosexual men in 1989, we tested the hypotheses that infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may enhance the expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) and that the development of anal epithelial abnormality is related to a biologic interaction between these two viruses. Overall, 41 (39%) of the 105 men had anal swabs positive for one or more genotypes of HPV 6/11, 16/18 or 31/33/35. Twenty‐three (53%) of the 43 HIV‐positive subjects harbored HPV compared to 18 (29%) of the 64 HIV‐negative subjects (p = 0.012), including higher prevalence rates for HPV genotypes 16/18 (p = 0.01), 6/11 (p = 0.007), and 31/33/35 (p = 0.07). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the HIV‐positive subjects showed low CD4+ cell counts to be an independent risk factor for detection of HPV (p = 0.04) and in particular for HPV genotypes 31/33/35 (p = 0.02) and 6/11 (p = 0.07). In contrast, similar analysis of the HIV‐negative subset showed that a positive antibody test for syphilis was associated with HPV (p = 0.03). Anal epithelial abnormalities were found in 13 (14%) of 92 technically adequate cytologic smears and were strongly associated with detection of any HPV genotypes by the dot‐blot method (p = 0.01), and in particular with HPV genotypes 6/11 (p = 0.001). None of 15 subjects with HPV detected only by PCR had anal epithelial abnormality. We propose a viral interaction model, in which HIV‐related immune deficiency allows reactivation of HPV, with a subsequent or concomitant appearance of epithelial abnormality.