bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of lime plaster in prehistory using petrographic methods: A review and reconsideration of the data on the basis of experimental and case studies
Authors: Karkanas Panagiotis 
Published: August 2007

AbstractMost prehistoric plasters and mortars consist of very small amounts of burnt lime mixed with anthropogenic debris, soil, and sediment. To solve the problem of identification of such small amounts of lime in impure lime plasters, a series of experimental plasters were prepared and studied with petrographic methods. Samples of living floors from five prehistoric sites in Greece were also reanalyzed under the light of the experimental findings and compared with natural calcareous sediment. The most promising features for identifying lime are transitional textures of partially carbonized slaked lime that can be observed in the lime lumps and the binding matrix. They are usually in the form of ill‐crystallized portlandite and calcite mixtures or cryptocrystalline calcite. Well‐reacted calcitic groundmass, shrinkage fractures, and occasionally colloidal forms are also additional indications. The present experimental study shows that lime could be easily produced by heating porous, soft calcareous materials. This would probably account for the very frequent use (in small quantities) of lime in Greek prehistory. Plaster and mortars were made by mixing damp anthopogenic dirt as aggregate and fragments of quicklime, a technique known as “hot mixing.” © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Book reviews
Authors: Deckers Katleen 
Published: August 2007

AbstractGeoarchäologische, sedimentologische und Morphodynamische Untersuchungen im Mündungsgebiet des Büyük Menderes (Mäander), Westtürkei. Marc Müllenhoff, 2005, Selbstverlag der Marburger Geographischen Gesellschaft e.V., Marburg, xvi 282 pp. CD‐ROM, 18€.
An examination of organizations' frontline service employee development practices
Authors: Ellinger Alexander E. , Elmadağ Ayşe Banu , Ellinger Andrea D. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractFirms with the ability to provide superior customer service can accrue significant competitive advantage and research suggests that frontline service employees' (FLSEs) actions have a considerable influence on the success of service operations. Yet, the high level of customer defections consistently attributed to poor and indifferent service suggests that many organizations are not placing sufficient emphasis on developing FLSEs to interact more effectively with customers. Although it is generally believed that human resource development enhances employee performance, relatively little is known about firms' approaches for developing and motivating FLSEs. We therefore examine the influence of service provider organizations' developmental practices on FLSE performance using data collected from 307 customer contact personnel. Our findings indicate that, in contrast to conventional wisdom, higher levels of employee development may not always yield the most beneficial outcomes.
Convergent and divergent validity of the learning transfer system inventory
Authors: Holton III Elwood F. , Bates Reid A. , Bookter Annette I. , Yamkovenko V. Bogdan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI) was developed to identify a select set of factors with the potential to substantially enhance or inhibit transfer of learning to the work environment. It has undergone a variety of validation studies, including construct, criterion, and crosscultural studies. However, the convergent and divergent validity of the instrument has not been studied. Such a study is necessary to define the nomological network on the constructs. This study examines the convergent and divergent validity of the LTSI with twenty‐eight comparison measures. Results indicate mostly divergent relationships, further demonstrating the uniqueness of the LTSI constructs. By establishing the divergent relationship with other known constructs, the LTSI's usefulness for transfer research is enhanced.
The seminal foundation of the discipline of HRD: People, learning, and organizations
Authors: Chalofsky Neal 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHuman resource development (HRD) has long been considered a field with an interdisciplinary foundation. Unfortunately there has never been a consensus on the composition of the seminal disciplinary base of HRD. A description of the concept of an applied discipline is presented, and HRD, as represented by its academic association, the Academy of Human Resource Development, is compared to a set of criteria of a discipline that is set forth in the scholarly literature. A seminal foundation for a curriculum of the HRD discipline is presented around the framework of people, learning, and organizations.
Effects of acute paroxetine treatment on the consumption of cigarette smoking and caffeine in depressed patients
Authors: Miyamoto Kyoko , Yoshimura Reiji , Ueda Nobuhisa , Sugita Atsuko , Umene Wakako , Hori Hikaru , Mitoma Masae , Nakamura Jun 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn the present study, we examined the effects of acute treatment with paroxetine on the consumption of cigarette smoking and caffeine in 65 patients who met the DSM‐IV criteria for major depressive disorder (M/F: 28/37, age: 48 ± 15 years). Plasma levels of cotinine or caffeine were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The amount of cigarette smoking and plasma levels of cotinine, but not caffeine, decreased 4 weeks after paroxetine treatment. There was no difference between smokers and nonsmokers with respect to their response to paroxetine treatment. In addition, plasma 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) levels in responders to paroxetine treatment was higher than those in nonresponders, and there was a negative correlation between the changes in plasma MHPG levels and the changes in Hamilton rating scale for depression (Ham‐D) scores before and 4 weeks after paroxetine administration. These results suggest that paroxetine has the potential to reduce the amount of cigarette smoking in depressed smokers, and we reconfirmed our previous results that depressed patients with higher plasma MHPG levels had better response to paroxetine treatment than those with lower plasma MHPG levels using larger depressed samples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
No evidence for an association between G protein β3 subunit gene C825T polymorphism and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia
Authors: Lee Heon‐Jeong , Kang Seung‐Gul , Paik Jong‐Woo , Lee Moon‐Soo , Cho Bang‐Hyun , Park Young‐Min , Kim Won , Choi Jung‐Eun , Jung In‐Kwa , Kim Leen , Lee Min‐Soo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractObjectiveTardive dyskinesia (TD) is a long‐term adverse effect of antipsychotic. We evaluated candidate functional polymorphism of the G protein β3 subunit (GNB3) gene for association with drug‐induced TD in the Korean schizophrenic patients.MethodsWe investigated whether the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene is associated with the TD in a Korean sample of schizophrenic patients with (n = 83) and without TD (n = 126), matched for antipsychotic drug exposure and other relevant variables.ResultsThe distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies of GNB3 were not different between schizophrenic patients with TD and without TD (p > 0.05).ConclusionWithin the limitations imposed by the size of the clinical sample, these findings suggest that the GNB3 825 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) does not contribute significantly to risk for TD. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Child sleep arrangements and family life: perspectives from mothers and fathers
Authors: Germo Gary R. , Chang Esther S. , Keller Meret A. , Goldberg Wendy A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis study examined solitary sleeping and co‐sleeping arrangements in families with a young child. Data were obtained from questionnaires completed by two independent samples, one of mothers (N=100) and one of fathers (N=38) of preschool‐aged children. Types of family sleep arrangements included children who slept in their own room from infancy, children who shared the parental bed from infancy, and children who returned to bedsharing following a period of solitary sleeping. Mothers and fathers described reasons for family sleep arrangements, attitudes towards sleep arrangements, satisfaction with sleep arrangements, and perceptions of children's sleep‐related problems. Survey questions also addressed marital relations, parenting, and well‐being. Results indicated that mothers and fathers endorsed similar reasons for their families' sleep arrangements, although reasons differed by the type of sleep arrangement. Satisfaction with sleep arrangements was more likely for mothers and fathers whose attitudes coincided with their actual sleep practices. Parents who experienced more problems with their child's sleep behaviours also reported disharmony in marital and parenting domains. Thus, ‘nighttime parenting’ was found to be associated with other important domains of family life for both mothers and fathers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sleeping with baby: an internet‐based sampling of parental experiences, choices, perceptions, and interpretations in a western industrialized context
Authors: McKenna J. J. , Volpe L. E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractMothers and infants sleeping within proximity to each other (co‐sleeping) represents normal, healthy, and expectable human behaviour, especially if mothers breastfeed. Yet, western health officials generally recommend against particularly one form of co‐sleeping known as bedsharing. This study explores these issues and especially highlights parental accounts of their sleep practices, interpretations, and reflections based on detailed narratives or ‘ethnohistories.’ The sample involves a self‐selected sub‐group of over 200 mostly middle‐class mothers from Canada, the United States, Australia, and Great Britain. Mothers report how and why they adopted co‐sleeping practices, how satisfied they are (or were) with their decisions, and what benefits they think they or their infants derived from their co‐sleeping practices. Also included in the reports are a surprisingly high number of parents who think they may have saved their infant's life by bedsharing, data heretofore never reported in the literature. The formulation of medical policies, we suggest, ultimately must be informed by a full understanding of how parents actually think about and subsequently structure their infant's sleep, what their goals and expectations are, and by an awareness of the emotional factors motivating parents to choose certain sleeping arrangements over others. The results reveal that many factors coalesce, often in unique ways, under unique circumstances, family by family, to determine where babies sleep and why. We conclude that sleeping arrangements are not solely determined by medically based recommendations, but also by the method of feeding, the particular needs of a particular infant, and the needs of mothers and fathers to get more sleep. While baby sleep locations and sleep patterns change in the first year of life, nighttime sleeping arrangements almost always reflect the nature of family values and the quality of social relationships at any given time. We conclude that these factors, alongside widely known independent SIDS risk factors, must also be acknowledged and respected if we are ever to achieve an effective and inclusive public health approach to the question of creating safe sleep environments for infants and children. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circulating human papillomavirus type 16 specific T‐cells are associated with HLA Class I expression on tumor cells, but not related to the amount of viral oncogene transcripts
Authors: de Boer Marjon A. , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , van Poelgeest Mariëtte I.E. , van den Akker Brendy E. , van der Burg Sjoerd H. , Kenter Gemma G. , Fleuren Gert Jan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary factor in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. Circulating HPV‐specific T‐cells responding to the E6 and E7 HPV proteins can be detected only in half of cervical cancer patients. Potential explanations for the absence of this response are lack of sufficient amounts of antigen to activate the immune response or local immune escape mechanisms. We studied the relationship between HPV 16 E6/E7 oncogene mRNA expression, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression on tumor cells and the presence of circulating E6‐ and E7‐specific T‐cell responses in cervical cancer patients. The amount of antigen was assessed by HPV E6/E7 mRNA expression levels measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HLA Class I and Class II expression on tumor cells was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. A proliferative HPV‐specific T‐cell response was detected in 15/29 patients. The amount of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was not related to the presence of immune response. HLA Class I expression was downregulated in 19 patients and completely lost in 7 patients. HLA Class II expression was upregulated in 18 patients. HLA Class I expression on tumor cells showed a strong correlation with immunity (p = 0.001). Explicitly, all patients with complete HLA loss lacked HPV specific T‐cell responses. The presence of circulating HPV‐specific T‐cells might reflect ongoing antitumor response that is sustained by CD8+ T‐cells killing HLA Class I positive cancer cells. We hypothesize that HLA Class I expression status on tumor cells might as well influence the response to HPV E6/E7 directed immunotherapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development and validation of the general module of the system of quality of life instruments for cancer patients
Authors: Wan Chonghua , Yang Zheng , Meng Qiong , Feng Changyong , Wang Hongyue , Tang Xuelang , Zhang Caizhen , Lu Yubo , Luo Jionghong , Zhang Xiaqing 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBased on World Health Organization (WHO)'s definition of Quality of Life (QOL) and programmed decision procedures, we developed a general module of the System of Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients (QLICP‐GM) utilizing focus group discussions, pilot tests of 448 cases and field tests of 600 cases of 5 different cancer patients. The number of items in the final version was reduced to 32 from a 78‐item pool. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated by indicators such as validity and reliability coefficients, SRM, and statistical methods of correlational analysis, t tests, and structural equation modeling. Correlational and structural equation model analyses indicate good construct validity with RMSEA 0.086, NNFI 0.947 and CFI 0.961. Good criterion‐related validity was found when FACT‐G was used as the criterion. The test‐retest reliability for all domains and the overall scale is above 0.85; the internal consistency α for each domain is higher than 0.70 except of the social function; α and the split‐half reliability of the overall scale is 0.88 and 0.93, respectively. The pre–post changes of QOL scores are of statistical significances in 3 domains of physical function, psychological function, common symptoms and side effects, and the overall instrument, with standardized response mean ranging from 0.16 to 0.67. Equivalence tests showed nonequivalence on quality of life score changes of these domains and the overall instrument. Our study shows that the QLICP‐GM has good validity, reliability, responsiveness, and can be used as the general module for cancer patients in China. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early detection of cervical neoplasia by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Jess Philip R.T. , Smith Daniel D.W. , Mazilu Michael , Dholakia Kishan , Riches Andrew C. , Herrington C. Simon 
Published: August 2007

AbstractEarly detection of malignant tumours, or their precursor lesions, improves patient outcome. High risk human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16, infection can lead to the development of uterine cervical neoplasia, and therefore, the identification in clinical samples of the effects of HPV infection may have clinical value. In this report, we apply Raman microspectroscopy to live and fixed cultured cells to discriminate between defined cell types. Raman spectra were acquired from primary human keratinocytes (PHK), PHK expressing the E7 gene of HPV 16 (PHK E7) and CaSki cells, an HPV16‐containing cervical carcinoma‐derived cell line. Averaged Raman spectra showed variations, mostly in peaks originating from DNA and proteins, consistent with HPV gene expression and cellular changes associated with neoplasia, in both live and fixed cells. Principal component analysis produced good discrimination between the cell types, with sensitivities of up to 100% for the comparison of fixed PHK and CaSki. These results demonstrate the ability of Raman spectroscopy to discriminate between cell types representing different stages of cervical neoplasia. More specifically, this technique was able to identify cells expressing the HPV 16 E7 gene accurately and objectively, suggesting that this approach may be of value in diagnosis. Moreover, the ability to detect the effects of the virus in fixed samples also demonstrates the compatibility of Raman spectroscopy with current cervical screening methods. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combining adenoviral oncolysis with temozolomide improves cell killing of melanoma cells
Authors: Quirin Christina , Mainka Astrid , Hesse Andrea , Nettelbeck Dirk M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractOncolytic Adenoviruses are emerging agents for treatment of cancer by tumor‐restricted virus replication, cell lysis and virus spread. Clinical studies with first generation oncolytic adenoviruses have revealed that an increased potency is warranted in order to achieve therapeutic efficacy. One approach towards this end is to combine adenoviral oncolysis with chemotherapy. Here, a fundamental requirement is that chemotherapy does not interfere with adenovirus replication in cancer cells. We have previously developed a melanoma‐targeted oncolytic adenovirus, Ad5/3.2xTyr, which features tyrosinase promoter regulated replication and enhanced cell entry into melanoma cells. In this study, we investigated a combination treatment of melanoma cells with Ad5/3.2xTyr and temozolomide (TMZ), which produces the same active metabolite as Dacarbazine/DTIC, the standard chemotherapy for advanced melanoma. We report that TMZ does not inhibit adenovirus replication in melanoma cells. Additive or synergistic cell killing of melanoma cells, dependent on the cell line used, was observed. Enhanced cell binding was not responsible for synergism of adenoviral oncolysis and TMZ treatment. We rather observed that higher numbers of virus genomes are produced in TMZ‐treated cells, which also showed a cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase. Our results have important implications for the clinical implementation of adenoviral oncolysis for treatment of malignant melanoma. It suggests that such studies are feasible in the presence of TMZ or DTIC chemotherapy and recommends the investigation of a viro‐chemo combination therapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The impact of new technologies in cervical cancer screening: Results of the recruitment phase of a large randomised controlled trial from a public health perspective
Authors: Giorgi‐Rossi Paolo , Segnan Nereo , Zappa Marco , Naldoni Carlo , Zorzi Manuel , Confortini Massimo , Merito Monica , Cuzick Jack , Ronco Guglielmo 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe decision to introduce liquid‐based cytology (LBC) and HPV as screening tests involves criteria based on resource consumption. We used cross‐sectional data at recruitment from the NTCC trial [ISRCTN81678807] on 28,000 women aged 35–60, randomised to receive a conventional Pap test or LBC plus HPV. We computed the resources employed to detect a CIN2+ with different screening strategies. In order to result in the same overall cost per CIN2+ detected as screening by conventional cytology, the unit cost of LBC used alone should be less than that of a conventional Pap while its unit cost may be up to 20% higher if HPV‐triage for Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance is applied together. With the same criterion the unit cost of HPV used alone may be about 20% higher than that of a Pap‐test using a 1 pg/ml cut‐off and over 40% higher using a 10 pg/ml cut‐off. If HPV testing is applied with cytology‐triage, a single HPV test may cost 20–30% more than a conventional Pap to result in the same overall cost per CIN2+ detected. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stem cell based tissue engineering for meniscus repair
Authors: Angele Peter , Johnstone Brian , Kujat Richard , Zellner Johannes , Nerlich Michael , Goldberg Victor , Yoo Jung 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDefects of the meniscus greatly alter knee function and predispose the joint to degenerative changes. The purpose of this study was to test a recently developed cell‐scaffold combination for the repair of a critical‐size defect of the rabbit medial meniscus. A bilateral, complete resection of the pars intermedia of the medial meniscus was performed in 18 New Zealand White rabbits. A hyaluronan/gelatin composite scaffold was implanted into the defect of one knee of 6 rabbits and the contralateral defect was left untreated. Scaffolds loaded with autologous marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and cultured in a chondrogenic medium for 14 days were implanted in a second series of 12 rabbits. Empty scaffolds were implanted in the contralateral knees. Meniscii were harvested at 12 weeks. Untreated defects had a muted fibrous healing response. Defects treated with cell‐free implants showed also predominantly fibrous tissue whereas fibrocartilage was present in some scaffolds. The cross‐sectional width of the repair tissue after treatment with cell‐free scaffolds was significantly greater than controls (p < 0.05). Pre‐cultured implants integrated with the host tissue and 8 of 11 contained meniscus‐like fibrocartilage, compared with 2 of 11 controls (p < 0.03). The mean cross‐sectional width of the pre‐cultured implant repair tissue was greater than controls (p < 0.004). This study demonstrates the repair of a critical size meniscal defect with a stem cell and scaffold based tissue engineering approach. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008
Rapid‐prototyped and salt‐leached PLGA scaffolds condition cell morpho‐functional behavior
Authors: Mattioli‐Belmonte M. , Vozzi G. , Kyriakidou K. , Pulieri E. , Lucarini G. , Vinci B. , Pugnaloni A. , Biagini G. , Ahluwalia A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThree dimensional scaffolds microfabricated using pressure‐assisted microsyringe (PAM) with controlled geometry and porous membranes obtained using salt leaching were both tested with three different cell types to identify an optimal microstructural architecture for tissue engineering. MG63 (osteoblast‐like cells) were used as models of mesenchymal bone tissue and human endothelial cells and NCTC2544 (keratinocytes) represented two epithelial tissues. Both porosity and stiffness of PLGA structures were measured, and cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization analyzed using SEM and actin labeling. The results show that overall the PAM scaffolds, which have a repeated and regular microstructure, are more biocompatible than the random pore salt‐leached membranes, and that surface morphology as well as substrate stiffness modulates cell behavior. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2008