bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Künstliche Intelligenz und Teleradiologie in der Kinder- und Jugendradiologie: eine Umfrage der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Radiologie (GPR) und der Schweizer Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Radiologie (SGPR)
Authors: Sturm Max-Johann , von Kalle Thekla , Renz Diane Miriam , Klee Dirk , Patsch Janina , Spieth Stephanie , Toso Seema , Stranzinger Enno , Mentzel Hans-Joachim 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungZiel unserer Arbeit war es, in der deutschsprachigen Kinder- und Jugendradiologie die Einstellung zu KI und Teleradiologie und deren aktuelle Nutzung zu erfassen.Von März bis Mai 2023 führten wir unter den Mitgliedern der Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Radiologie (GPR) und der Schweizer Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Radiologie (SGPR) eine anonyme Online-Umfrage über die Plattform „SurveyMonkey“ durch. Die Umfrage bestand aus 25 Items mit einer Rating-Skala sowie Freitextergänzungen.Von den 419 Mitgliedern der Fachgesellschaften haben 36 den Fragebogen vollständig bearbeitet (8,6%). Teleradiologie (50% trifft zu; 27,8% trifft eher zu) und KI (38,9% trifft zu; 22,2% trifft eher zu) wurden vom Großteil der Befragten als relevant für die gesamte Kinderradiologie eingeschätzt. Telekonsiliarische Zweitmeinungen werden regelmäßig in 58% der Abteilungen genutzt. KI spielt momentan bei 52,8% der Befragten keine wesentliche Rolle im Arbeitsalltag. Neben Segmentation werde KI-Anwendungen insbesondere zur Bildakquise sowie Dosisreduktion eingesetzt. Mehr als 80% der Befragten gaben an, dass die Knochenalterbestimmung gut für eine KI-Lösung geeignet sei, jedoch nutzen lediglich 31% der Befragten entsprechende Lösungen in der Routine.KI und Teleradiologie weisen in der deutschsprachigen Kinderradiologie (Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz; sog. DACH) eine hohe Akzeptanz auf und werden als eine mögliche Strategie zur Verbesserung der flächendeckenden kinderradiologischen Versorgung gesehen. Dementgegen steht die gegenwärtig geringe Nutzung in der klinischen Routine.
Assessment and L2 pragmatics
Authors: Roever Carsten 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pragmatic and interactional abilities are represented in major models of second language (L2) communicative competence (Bachman & Palmer, 2010; Canale & Swain, 1980), which provide the framework for L2 assessment. However, pragmatics and interaction are only rarely tested in major operational tests. This is despite a significant amount of work in the testing of L2 pragmatics and interaction since the mid-1990s. This paper outlines current work on testing of L2 pragmatics, which broadly follows two traditions, one informed by speech act theory, politeness theory and philosophical pragmatics, and the other by conversation analysis and sociology. It also discusses reasons for the limited uptake of pragmatics assessment by large-scale tests, including low practicality, limited stakeholder test literacy, and broader challenges in testing pragmatics. It concludes by suggesting ways of overcoming these obstacles and thereby achieving better construct representation in L2 tests.
Heritage learner pragmatics
Authors: Xiao-Desai Yang , Wong Ka F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The diversity of heritage language learners and inclusivity of pragmatics usher in a new era of research that explores the unique nature of “heritage learner pragmatics.” This article provides a review of this emerging field, drawing on a thematic analysis of the literature over the past decade. Major findings reveal that a high degree of hybridity underlies heritage learners’ pragmatic competence and performance and that the reasons for this hybridity are complex. The hegemony of the majority language, the assimilative pressure from the host society, the status of the heritage language in the home country, and access to formal education, together with learner factors such as proficiency, attitude, and agency, all appear to have meaningful impacts. We propose that the research of heritage learner pragmatics needs an extension beyond the binary convention of monolingualism and bilingualism to embrace intersectional inquiries that focus on identity, multiculturalism, translanguaging, and social justice for minoritized communities and their languages.
Antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and structural transition in cluster Mott insulator candidate Nb3Cl8 revealed by 93Nb- and 35Cl-NMR
Authors: Zhou Y. Z. , Han X. , Luo J. , Wu D. T. , Fang A. F. , Shen B. , Feng B. J. , Shi Y. G. , Yang J. , Zhou R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Motivated by recent studies on the cluster mott insulator candidate compound Nb3Cl8, we perform 93Nb and 35Cl nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements to investigate its electron correlations. Below the structural transition temperature Ts
~ 97 K, all the satellites of the 93Nb NMR spectra split into three distinct peaks, which suggest a symmetry lowering due to the structural transiton and could be attribute to the change of the Nb-Nb bond-lengths of Nb3 clusters. The spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T
1 devided by temperature T, 1/T
1
T, increases upon cooling down to Ts
for all Cl sites, whereas only the Knight shift K of Cl located at the center of Nb3 clusters exhibits a similar temperature dependence as observed in magnetic susceptibility. These findings collectively demonstrate the existence of strong spin correlations between Nb atoms in Nb3Cl8, which should be closely associated with its Mottness.
Effect of polydimethylsiloxane strain on its contact electrification characteristic: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Wu Jun , Zhu Wenming , Wen Qing , Cao Jiapeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Material strain is one of the factors affecting contact electrification. Previous works have investigated the influence of polymer strain on contact electrification from the perspective of material transfer by means of experimental methods. However, the detailed electron transfer mechanism, which is the most fundamental form of contact electrification mechanism, is still unclear. In this work, the effect and its mechanism of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) tensile strain on contact electrification with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are investigated via first-principles calculations. The results show that the number of electrons transferred from the PDMS to the PTFE increases with the stretched ratio. In addition, the possibility of breakage on the PDMS main chain caused by tensile strain is considered. The result shows that the total number of transferred electrons from the broken fragments is much less than that of the original PDMS molecule. Moreover, the fragment of PDMS molecules with the oxygen dangling bond can even obtain electrons from the PTFE molecule. This work can provide a theoretical basis for understanding the influence mechanism of polymer strain on contact electrification from the perspective of electron transfer.
Spatial charge transport model driven by Kerr optic-electric measurement in transformer oil under switching overvoltage conditions
Authors: Zhang Zhaotian , Duan Pan , Wan Haibo , He Wenkai , Wu Shilin , Xing Zhaoliang , Yang Qing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The accumulation of space charge in transformer oil under switching overvoltage considerably influenced its insulation performance, representing a critical factor in transformer insulation design. This study examined the electric field and space charge distribution in transformer oil under varying switching overvoltages, utilizing a Kerr effect electro-optical measurement platform integrated with a novel optical path multiplier device. The results indicated that the maximum electric field distortion rate consistently occurred within the 250–500 μs range for different voltage levels. Moreover, increasing the applied voltage led to a corresponding rise in electric field distortion within the oil gap, with the maximum distortion rate exceeding 90%. Under switching overvoltage conditions, the space charge in transformer oil displayed a bipolar homogeneous charge distribution, characterized by notable charge injection. With increasing voltage, both the electrode’s charge injection capacity and the average charge mobility were enhanced. Based on the observed space charge distribution patterns and key physical parameters, a bipolar charge transport model was developed, shedding light on the mechanisms of space charge accumulation in transformer oil. Overall, this study provided valuable experimental data and theoretical insights for the insulation design of transformers.
Bandgaps and damping of four-component phononic crystals with planar tension–torsion coupling effect
Authors: Tang Haishan , Li Xiaobai , Mei Chaosheng , Hu Yujin , Ling Ling , Li Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the conventional phononic crystal, the torsion local resonance cannot open new bandgaps due to the absence of coupling between the torsion of core and the tension/compression of matrix. Also, the soft coating may greatly reduce the overall stiffness due to the direct contact between the coating and the matrix. By introducing the planar tension–torsion coupling (TTC) effect and the rigid strain isolation interphase, the four-component phononic crystal with higher stiffness and damping properties is developed in this study, and the general mechanism of the TTC effect on the bandgap and energy attenuation properties of TTC phononic crystal is investigated based on Bloch–Floquet theory. The effects of stiffness coefficients including tension stiffness, torsion stiffness and TTC stiffness on the location and width of bandgaps in the TTC phononic crystals are presented, it is found that the introduced TTC effect is beneficial for opening new bandgaps that cannot be created in the conventional locally resonant phononic crystals (LRPCs). The spatial and temporal energy attenuation properties of TTC phononic crystal are evaluated via ‘harmonic wave’ approach (

q
(
ω
)

) and ‘free wave’ approach (

ω
(
q
)

), respectively. Meanwhile, the TTC effect can help some damping phononic crystals to increase the temporal energy attenuation via the modal strain energy approach. Furthermore, the maximum spatial energy attenuation of TTC phononic crystal is triggered by the TTC local resonance of the core. This study provides some guidelines for high-damping and high-stiffness phononic crystals, which are ideal candidates for vibration reduction of engineering structures.
A mathematical model for thermal radiation between non-continuous periodic structures and its application in near-field radiation between split ring resonators
Authors: Wen Sy-Bor , Khazaee Saeed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A mathematical model has been developed to study far-field and near-field thermal emission from non-continuous periodic structures. Non-continuous periodic structures with appropriate geometries and materials can support electric or magnetic resonance, idealized for designing far-field perfect absorbers and near-field emitters/absorbers supporting long-distance photon tunneling. However, these structures do not have close format dyadic Green’s function to describe the thermal radiation from randomly fluctuating thermal current. Thus, simulating the near-field radiation spectrum between emitters and collectors patterned with these non-continuous periodic structures is challenging. Though finding eigenmodes of white-noise-like fluctuating thermal current satisfying this specific geometry, we extended the Wiener-Chaotic expansion type of near-field simulation to study far-field and near-field thermal emission from non-continuous periodic structures. After verifications with reference cases, the new mathematical method is applied to study photon tunneling between the emitter and the collector patterned with single-ring split ring resonance rings (SRR) supporting magnetic field resonance. It is observed from the new mathematical model that long photon tunneling can occur under such a configuration through magnetic field coupling between the emitter and collector at the magnetic resonance frequency of SRRs.
Experimental study of flute instability by even/odd-parity quadrupole fields in Keda Mirror with AXisymmetricity (KMAX)
Authors: Li Qing , Teng Xiaotian , Qin Weijian , Xu Zelin , Ying Jiacheng , Chen Yutao , Zhang Yichi , Li Yilin , Wen Jingran , Yang Zhida , Liu Ming , Ren Baoming , Sun Xuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the stabilization of flute mode instabilities in the Keda Mirror with AXisymmetry device, specifically focusing on the m = 1 mode that propagates in the direction of electron diamagnetism due to the
E
×
B
force. To mitigate this instability, quadrupole field (QPF) antennas were designed with either even or odd parity, depending on the direction of the induced current. Experimental results reveal that even parity significantly enhances stability, reducing fluctuation values at the plasma boundary by approximately 50%, while odd parity achieves only a 10% to 20% reduction. Radial particle flux measurements indicate a decrease to one-tenth of the original value when the even-parity QPF is applied during the wash-gun injection phase, with no correlation observed between ion saturation current and angular electric field fluctuations. The stability enhancement is attributed to the positive magnetic pressure gradient generated by the QPF. Further analysis incorporating magnetic field curvature reveals that the beneficial effects are more pronounced with even parity. However, the density measured by the interferometer decreases significantly with increasing even-parity QPF current, while the density with odd parity remains largely unchanged.
Impact monitoring based on domain adversarial transfer learning strategies
Authors: Zhao Bowen , Qing Xinlin , Wang Yishou , Liu Qijian , Yan Jiajia , Wang Yihan , Liao Yunlai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Impact events may cause some damage to aerospace composite structures that are difficult to inspect on the surface, thus threatening the operational safety of the aircraft. Therefore, estimating the impact location and the original impact force is necessary. This paper proposes a deep-learning model for impact monitoring based on feature extraction. The first step employs a convolutional neural network to localize the impact region, initially narrowing it to a specific area and then determining a precise location using a weighted center algorithm. In the second part, the temporal convolutional network is first utilized for feature extraction, and then the gated recurrent unit is used for impact force estimation. During the training of the impact monitoring model, a domain-adversarial transfer learning strategy is employed to extract domain-invariant features between the source and target domains, reducing the data needed for training. This method can monitor impacts on large, complex composite structures using sparse sensor arrays.
Enhancement of electrochemical energy storage performance of MOF-5 and Eucalyptus plant bark derived rGO composite
Authors: Saini Robin , Wadhwa Priyanka , Jain Karuna , Pathak Mayank , Singh Pratap , Dhaka Rahul Kumar , Kumar Sandeep , Singh Manoj Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and carbon derivatives based composites are an interesting class of materials having complementary properties, with the high surface area and tunable porosity of MOFs together with excellent electrical conductivity of carbon based materials. Here in, we report a facile one step solvothermal synthesis of composite made of MOF-5 and Eucalyptus bark derived rGO. MOF-5/rGO composite (MRG) has a high specific surface area (1150 m2 g−1). MRG was studied for electrochemical energy storage application using Cycle Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The MRG has high specific capacitance of 1366.6 F g−1 as calculated by GCD at 1 A g−1 current density, Energy density of 150.7 W h kg−1 and Power density of 450.3 W kg−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 as calculated by GCD with 1 M H2SO4. The coulombic efficiency for the MRG composite was found to be 89.3% at higher current density. The cyclic stability data shown that composite material is retaining ∼80.9% capacitance even after 10000 cycles. Moreover, symmetrical two electrode device of MRG shown a specific capacitance of 262.4 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1, while the device retained 83.7% capacitance after 10000 charging discharging cycles. The energy density and power density of device were found to be 36.4 W h kg−1 and 498.6 W kg−1 at a current of 1 A g−1. The enhanced electrochemical performance of MRG is attributed to the synergistic effect between MOF-5 and rGO leading to the enhanced conductivity and provides larger surface area for charge storage.
Topological bulk and edge correlations in a Kitaev model on a square lattice
Authors: Ma E S , Zhang K L , Song Z 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study the topological bulk and edge correlations of condensed ground state in a p-wave Kitaev model on a square lattice. It is shown that the ground state of the system has the form of the condensate of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pair, and the topological transition is associated with the nonanalytic behavior of the pairing order parameters. A real space correlation function is proposed to characterizing the topological phase of the many-body ground state. Numerical results demonstrate that this method works well in the presence of disordered perturbation, lattice defects, or irregular boundary conditions. In addition, the real space correlation function between two edges of the system is investigated, which directly reflects the existence of topological edge modes in the many-body ground state.
Enhanced multi-mode squeezing via a balanced regime in dual-four-wave mixing
Authors: Heng Xing , Wang Weiyi , Wang Fan , Liu Wei , Xia Mingming , Zhai Yueyang , Wei Kai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The generation of multi-mode squeezing using four-wave mixing process has attracted considerable attention, offering significant potential for advancements in quantum communication, quantum key distribution, and quantum-enhanced sensing. In this paper, we propose a balanced regime within the dual-four-wave mixing (DFWM) process to theoretically generate quantum-enhanced multi-mode squeezed light. By operating at a plane-balanced regime, the relative intensity squeezing noise factor of the multi-mode beams can be made to approach zero theoretically, thus achieving perfect multi-mode squeezed states. Moreover, the generated beams at the plane-balanced regime exhibit quantum-enhanced entanglement superior to that of conventional four-wave mixing processes, offering significant implications for quantum information processing. The DFWM process can also be extended to multi-spatial-mode squeezing with a spatial-balanced regime, where the attainable squeezing degree is enhanced by a factor of G

N
, where N denotes mode numbers and G denotes the gain, facilitating simply experimental implementation within a single atomic system. The proposed method paves the way for practical applications in high-precision measurements, robust quantum communication networks, and advanced quantum information processing systems.
Scanning tunneling microscopy study on symmetry breaking of charge density wave in FeGe
Authors: Zhang Jiakang , Chen Ziyuan , Wu Xueliang , Li Mingzhe , Li Yuanji , Yin Ruotong , Gong Jiashuo , Wang Shiyuan , Wang Aifeng , Feng Dong-Lai , Yan Ya-Jun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The complex symmetry breaking states in AV3Sb5 family have attracted extreme research attention, but controversy still exists, especially in the question of time reversal symmetry breaking of the charge density wave (CDW). Most recently, a chiral CDW has been suggested in Kagome magnet FeGe, but the related study is very rare. Here, we use a scanning tunneling microscope to study the symmetry breaking behavior of both the short- and long-ranged CDWs in FeGe. Different from previous studies, our study revealed an isotropic long-ranged CDW without obvious symmetry breaking, while local rotational symmetry breaking appears in the short-ranged CDW, which may be related to the existence of strong structural disorders. Moreover, the charge distribution of the short-ranged CDW is inert to the applied external magnetic fields and the detailed spin arrangements of FeGe, inconsistent to the expectation of a chiral CDW associated with chiral flux. Our results rule out the existence of spontaneous chiral and rotational symmetry breaking in the CDW state of FeGe, putting strong constrains on the further understanding of CDW mechanism.
Study on the Corrosion Failure Mechanism and Protective Materials of AC Charging Piles in Tropical Island Environment
Authors: Pang Songling , Wang Jun , Li Zhi , Huo Meiyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper first analyses the corrosion of AC charging piles in tropical island environments in detail through field investigation and laboratory simulation. The survey results show that the corrosion of the charging pile shell and internal connectors is the most serious, especially in the area close to the coastline, where the corrosion rate is more than 3 times higher than that in inland areas. The laboratory test uses an artificial seawater environment to simulate the actual island environment and study the corrosion resistance of different materials. Through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test, this paper analyses the electrochemical behavior of different materials in the simulated environment. The results show that the corrosion rates of nano-silver-coated steel and stainless steel are 0.12 mm and 0.38 mm per year, respectively. This paper introduces finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate and analyze the stress distribution and fatigue life of different protective materials in a corrosive environment. The results show that after three years of service, the unprotected stainless-steel material has obvious cracks in the structural stress concentration area, while the stainless steel with nano-silver coating effectively extends the service life of the material, and the cracks are delayed until six years after service. In addition, FEA analysis found that the uniformity and adhesion of the surface coating are the key factors affecting the protective effect. If the coating thickness is uneven or there is a problem of insufficient adhesion, corrosion points are likely to form at the microscopic level, eventually leading to local failure of the material.
Numerical Simulation Study of PM2.5 Diffusion and Distribution in Building Cluster Microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Jingjing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In order to improve the quality of the micro-environment of the architectural complex and ensure that residents enjoy a healthy and comfortable living experience, this paper uses Fluent simulation software to simulate the wind environment under the three common layouts of the architectural complex and the diffusion status of PM2.5. On this basis, green trees are added around the pollution sources to compare and analyze the adsorption and blocking effect of green trees on particulate matter. The results showed that after the addition of green trees, the wind environment of the community was optimized, and the concentration of PM2.5 also decreased significantly. These results provide a reference for improving the micro-environment air quality of the building complex.