bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the H Antigen on Human Buccal Cells from Secretor and Non‐Secretor Individuals*
Authors: Flory L. L. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe H antigen specificity of human buccal epithelial cells, as defined by two anti‐H lectins, Ulex europaeus and Cytisus sessilifolius, has been investigated by means of the mixed agglutination reaction and by inhibition of the mixed agglutination reaction with sugars.Buccal cells from secretor and non‐secretor individuals differ from each other in regard to their H receptors. At least one common H receptor exists on all human buccal cells, the structure of which is in part that of a glucoside. The buccal cells from all secretor individuals possess at least one additional H receptor. The H receptor present on secretor buccal cells alone is detected by an agglutinin present in the redissolved 70% ethanol precipitate of Ulex europaeus extract. This agglutinin is inhibited by L‐fucose and related sugars.RésuméL'antigène H présent sur les cellules épithéliales de la muqueuse buccale humaine mis en évidence au moyen de deux lectines anti‐H provenant l'une, de l'Ulex europaeus et l'autre du Cytisus sessilifolius, a été recherché au moyen de la réaction d'agglutination mélangée et au moyen de l'inhibition de cette réaction par des sucres.Les cellules buccales de sécréteur et de non‐sécréteur se différencient les unes des autres en ce qui concerne leur récepteur H. Il y a en tous cas un récepteur H commun sur toutes les cellules buccales humaines dont la structure est constituée en partie par un glucoside. Les cellules buccales des individus sécréteurs possèdent, en tous cas, un récepteur H additionnel. Le récepteur H présent sur les cellules buccales des sécréteurs est détecté par une agglutinine présente dans l'extrait d'Ulex europaeus précipité et redissous dans l'éthanol à 70%. Cette agglutinine est inhibée par la L‐fucose et les sucres apparentés.ZusammenfassungMit zwei Anti‐H‐Lektinen, Ulex europaeus und Cytisus sessilifolius, wurde die H‐Antigenspezifität von menschlichen Mundschleimhautepithelien untersucht, wobei die Mischzellagglutination und deren Hemmung mit Zuckern zur Anwendung gelangte.Die Epithelzellen der Mundschleimhaut weisen bei Sekretoren und Nicht‐Sekretoren Unterschiede bezüglich des H‐Rezeptors auf. Es existiert zumindest ein gemeinsamer H‐Rezeptor bei alien menschlichen Mundschleimhautepithelzellen; dieser hat teilweise die Struktur eines Glykosides. Die Epithelzellen der Sekretoren enthalten zusätzlich zumindest einen weitern H‐Rezeptor. Dieser für die Epithelzellen von Sekretoren charakteristische Rezeptor kann mit einem Agglutinin erfaßt werden, das in einem 70% Alkohol‐Präzipitat des Ulex europaeus‐Extraktes enthalten ist. Dieses Agglutinin wird durch L‐Fukose und andere ähnliche Zucker gehemmt.
Studies on the Blood Group Antigen Mg
Authors: Metaxas‐Bühler M. , Cleghorn T. E. , Romanski J. , Metaxas M. N. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryWhile determining the MN groups of Mg positive persons, weak reactions between anti‐N and blood of type MMg were observed. Titration scores showed this N reactivity of Mg to be slightly stronger than that of M.The very rare genotype MgsMgs was found in a newborn child. With selected sera, this child's MN group was M — N —, and in titration experiments its red cells gave a “double dose” of Mg and of s. These cells were agglutinated, in some instances quite strongly, by nearly all rabbit anti‐N sera. Absorption of such sera with MgMg cells abolished their capacity to agglutinate MM cells and vice versa, while absorption of the same sera with MgMg or MM cells substantially reduced their capacity to agglutinate N+ cells.The possible reasons for the reaction between anti‐N and the products of both M and Mg genes are discussed.RésuméEn déterminant le groupe MN de personnes Mg positives, on observe de faibles réactions avec l'anti‐N et les sangs de personnes MMg. Les titrations démontrent que cette réactivité N de Mg est légèrement plus forte que celle de M.Le génotype très rare MgsMgs a été trouvé chez un nouveau‐né. Grâce à des antisérums sélectionnés, le groupe MN de cet enfant a pu être déterminé comme étant M‐N‐ et, en pratiquant des titres, on a pu observer que ces érythrocytes donnaient un effet de double dose pour Mg et pour s. Ces érythrocytes étaient agglutinés parfois très fortement par presque tous les sérums anti‐N de lapin. L'absorption de ces sérums avec des érythrocytes MgMg faisait disparaître leur capacité d'agglutiner les érythrocytes MM et vice‐versa, tandis que l'absorption des mêmes sérums par des érythrocytes MgMg, ou MM réduisaient d'une manière substantielle leur capacité d'agglutiner des érythrocytes N +.Les raisons possibles de cette réaction entre l'anti‐N et les produits des deux gènes M et Mg sont discutées.ZusammenfassungBei der Bestimmung der MN‐Gruppen von Mg positiven Personen wurde wiederholt beobachtet, daß Erythrozyten der Gruppe MMg von Anti‐N‐Seren schwach agglutiniert werden. Titrationsversuche zeigten, daß diese N‐Reaktivität von Me etwas stärker ist als die analoge Reaktivität von M.Der sehr seltene Genotypus MgsMgs wurde bei einem neugeborenen Kinde festgestellt, dessen MN‐Gruppe, mit gewähltenTestseren bestimmt, sich als M— N— erwies. Titrationsversuche ergaben bei ihm eine »Doppeldosis« von Mg und von s. Seine Erythrozyten wurden von fast allen verwendeten Kaninchen‐Anti‐N‐Seren agglutiniert, in gewissen Fällen recht stark. Die Fähigkeit solcher Seren, MM‐Erythrozyten zu agglutinieren, wurde durch Absorption mit MgMg‐Erythrozyten aufgehoben, und umgekehrt. Durch Absorption mit MM‐ oder mit MgMg‐Erythrozyten büßten dieselben Seren ihre Reaktivität mit N+‐Erythrozyten weitgehend ein.Die möglichen Gründe für die Reaktion zwischen Anti‐N und dem Produkt des M‐ bzw. des Mg‐Gens werden diskutiert.
Immunoserologic Studies of Parent and F1 Phytohemagglutinins*
Authors: Brilliantine Laura , Colvin RuthA. , Brooks SydneyP. , Allen Nancy K. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe reactivity of the A1 blood type specific phytohemagglutinin present in Crotalaria breviflora was generally similar in F1 and parent seeds grown under different ecological conditions.A detailed comparison of the reactivity of both one gram and individual seed samples with blood types A1, A2 and B reveal general similarities in parent and F1 plants, the F1 being slightly less reactive to A2 than P1. There was an increase in the ability of the F1 generation to agglutinate B cells at 4°C compared to 22°C.The reactivity of both seeds was further studied by comparing the influence of two saccharides, two amino acids, an antibiotic, and secretor saliva on the inhibition reaction. Secretor saliva inhibited the agglutination reaction of Crotalaria breviflora against A1 cells in all cases.RésuméLa réactivité de la phytohémagglutinine spécifique contre les érythrocytes A1 présente dans le Crotalaria breviflora est en général semblable dans les semences parentales et les semences de la première filiation qui ont crû dans des conditions écologiques différentes.Des comparaisons détaillées de la réactivité des échantillons de semence individuelle ou d'un gramme de semence avec des érythrocytes A1, A2, et B ont démontré des ressemblances chez les plantes parentales et de la première filiation, celles de la première filiation ayant une activité un peu moins forte à l'égard des érythrocytes A2 que les parentales. Il y avait en outre une augmentation de l'aptitude d'agglutiner les érythrocytes B à 4° par rapport à 22° chez les semences de la génération F1.La réactivité des deux espèces de semences a été en outre étudiée en comparant l'influence de deux saccharides, deux acides aminés, un antibiotique et de la salive de sécréteur sur l'inhibition de la réaction. La salive de sécréteur inhibait la réaction d'agglutination du Crotalaria breviflora contre les érythrocytes A1 dans tous les cas.ZusammenfassungDie Reaktivität des in Crotalaria breviflora enthaltenen Anti‐A1 spezifischen Phythämagglutinins war in den elterlichen und den F1‐Samen etwa gleich, auch wenn diese unter verschiedenen Außenbedingungen gezüchtet worden waren.Ein eingehender Vergleich der Reaktivität von ein Gramm‐ und Einzelsamen‐Mustern gegenüber den Blutgruppen A1, A2 und B zeigte ein ähnliches Verhalten der elterlichen und F1‐Pflanzen. Die F1‐Samen zeigten eine um Geringes schwächere Reaktion gegen A2 als die P1‐Samen. Im weiteren vermochten Samen der F1‐Generation B‐Zellen bei 4° C im Vergleich zu 22° C etwas stärker zu agglutinieren.Das Verhalten der beiden Samengruppen wurde weiter geprüft, indem Hemmversuche mit zwei Sacchariden, zwei Aminosäuren, einem Antibiotikum und Sekretorenspeichel vorgenommen wurden. Sekretorenspeichel vermochte in allen Fällen die Agglutinationsreaktion von Crotalaria breviflora gegen A1‐Zellen zu hemmen.
Reactions of Anti‐Gm(f) Sera
Authors: Gold E. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryHeterogeneity of anti‐Gm(f) has been demonstrated by agglutination experiments with Gm(f) fixing anti‐D sera using D‐positive and D–/D– red cells and also by absorption tests.RésuméL'hétérogénéité de l'anti‐Gm(f) a été démontrée en pratiquant des expériences d'agglutination avec un anti‐D fixant le Gm(f) et en utilisant des érythrocytes D‐positifs et des érythrocytes D–/D– et en pratiquant, également, des tests d'absorption.ZusammenfassungAn Hand der Verwendung von D‐positiven und D–/D–Erythrozyten gelang es mittels Gm(f) fixierenden Anti‐D‐Seren eine Heterogenität in den Anti‐Gm(f)‐Reagenzien nachzuweisen.
A Second Example of Anti‐Ku in a Patient who has the rare Kell Phenotype, Ko
Authors: Nunn Hilary D. , Giles CarolynM. , Dormandy KatharineM. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe second example of anti‐Ku has been identified in a patient possessing the phenotype Ko. The serological and genetical investigations are described. It was considered likely that the patient had only one antibody in her serum. It was subsequently postulated that McLeod cells which failed to react with the original anti‐Ku, triple eluate, in fact possess a weak Ku antigen, as well as weak k, Kpb and Jsb antigens.RésuméLe second exemple d'anti‐Ku a été identifié chez un patient possédant le phénotype Ko. Les recherches sérologiques génétiques sont décrites. Il a pu être démontré que le patient n'avait qu'un seul anticorps dans son sérum. Il a été ensuite postulé que les érythrocytes McLeod qui ne réagissaient pas avec l'anti‐Ku original, après trois élutions, ces érythrocytes possèdent cependant, en fait, un antigène Ku faible ainsi qu'un antigène k, Kpb et Jsb faibles.ZusammenfassungDas zweite Beispiel eines Anti‐Ku‐Antikörpers wurde bei einer Patientin mit dem Phänotyp Ko gefunden. Die dabei erhobenen serologischen und genetischen Befunde werden beschrieben. Es erschien als wahrscheinlich, daß die Patientin in ihrem Serum lediglich einen Antikörper aufwies. Es erscheint nachträglich als wahrscheinlich, daß die McLoed‐Zellen, die mit dem Tripel‐Eluat des ursprünglichen Anti‐Ku‐Serums negativ reagierten, trotzdem ein schwaches Ku‐Antigen zusammen mit schwachen k‐, Kpb‐ und Jsb‐Antigenen aufweisen.
Platelet Transfusion
Authors: Morrison F. S. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryWhen platelets are required, in the face of hemorrhage, fresh whole ACD blood should be used.In the absence of oligemia platelets are best provided in concentrates. ABO‐ and Rh‐compatible blood is collected into plastic bags containing standard ACD3. The blood is spun at approximately 275 × g for 30 min. The platelet rich plasma is extracted into another plastic bag4 containing 30 cm3 additional ACD. This PRP is spun at 1300 × g for 30 min and a creamy sediment of platelets will be seen. The plasma is carefully decanted leaving a few ml for resuspension of the platelets. With gentle kneading of the bag the platelets are easily resuspended.The platelet concentrate can then be transfused through a standard blood administration set. Several concentrates may be conveniently pooled in one bag.RésuméEn cas d'hémorragie, il faut utiliser du sang complet ACD frais.S'il n'y a pas d'oligémie, les plaquettes peuvent être utilisées sous forme concentrée. Les sangs iso‐groupes sont alors prélevés dans des sacs en plastic contenant la solution standard ACD. Le sang est centrifugé approximativement à 275 g pendant 30 min. Le plasma riche en plaquettes est prélevé et transvasé dans un autre sac en plastic contenant 30 cm3 de solution ACD. Le plasma riche en plaquettes (PRP) est alors centrifugé à 1300 g pendant 30 min et on obtient un sédiment constituant la crème plaquettaire. On prélève le plasmr. surnageant en laissant quelques ml pour remettre les plaquettes en suspension par agitation douce.Le concentré plaquettaire peut être alors transfusé au moyen d'un nécessaire à transfusion standard. On peut également rassembler dans un seul sac en plastic plusieurs concentrés plaquettaires.ZusammenfassungBei Blutungen sollte frisches ACD‐Vollblut verwendet werden.Bei fehlender Oligämie werden Plättchen am besten in Form von Konzentraten verabreicht. Gruppengleiches Blut wird in Kunststoffbeutel abgenommen, die Standard ACD‐Lösung enthalten. Das Blut wird während 30 Minuten bei ca. 275 ×g zentrifugiert. Das plättchenreiche Plasma wird in einen weiteren Kunststoffbeutel abgepreßt, der zusätzlich 30 ml ACD‐Lösung enthält. Das plättchenreiche Plasma wird bei 1300 ×g während 30 Minuten zentrifugiert, wobei sich ein rahmiges Plättchensediment absetzt. Das überstehende Plasma wird bis auf wenige ml abgepreßt, die für die Resuspension der Plättchen benötigt werden. Durch leichtes Drücken der Beutel gelingt es, die Plättchen zu resuspendieren.Das Plättchenkonzentrat kann durch ein Standard‐Transfusionsbesteck verabreicht werden. Es gelingt ohne weiteres eine größere Zahl von Konzentraten in einem Beutel zusammenzumischen.
Quantitative Measurments Concerning A and B Antigen Sites
Authors: Economidou Joanna , Hughes‐Jones N. C. , Gardner B. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryUsing 125I‐labelled anti‐A and anti‐B, the number of A and B antigen sites per red cell for samples obtained from adults of different phenotypes was estimated to be: on A1 cells, 0.81—1.17×106; on A1B cells, 0.46—0.85×105; on A2 cells, 0.24—0.29×106; on A2B cells, 0.12×106. The number of sites on A1 cells obtained from cord blood was 0.25—0.37×106, and on the single example of A2 cord cells were 0.14×108 sites. The number of B sites on adult cells were as follows: on B cells, 0.61—0.83×106; on A1B cells, 0.31—0.56×106 sites.The equilibrium constants and the rates of dissociation of the reaction between anti‐A and A1 and A2 cells were also determined. The value of the equilibrium constant was approximately three times as great and the rate of dissociation three times as slow with A1 cells compared to A2 cells. This is consistant with the view that theere is a small difference in the molecular structure between the A1 and A2 antigen.
Immune Adherence and Blood Cell Destruction
Authors: van Loghem J. J. , von dem Borne A. E. G. Kr. , van der Hart Mia , Peetoom F. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryIn vitro and in vivo immune adherence experiments using egg albumen/anti‐egg albumen complexes are described. Injection of the immune complex into rabbits and monkeys induced increased destruction of cellular elements of the blood. The red cells of both immune adherence‐positive and immune adherence‐negative monkeys showed a diminished survival time after injection of the immune complex.The differing results obtained in in vitro immune adherence experiments using rabbit and monkey anti‐egg albumen serum are discussed.
Immune Adherence of Leucocytes and Fibroblasts Derived from Skin, Sensitized by Cytotoxic Leucocyte Iso‐Antibodies and Complement, to the Surface of Indicator Cells
Authors: Melief C. J. M. , van der Hart Mia , Engelfriet C. P. , van Loghem J. J. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryEvidence was found that human lymphocytes and fibroblasts derived from human skin, sensitized by cytotoxic leucocyte iso‐antibodies and complement adhere to the surface of indicator cells. The reaction mechanism showed the characteristics of the immune adherence (I.A.) phenomenon. Experiments made clear that in the I.A. assay the same antibody is detected as in the cytotoxic antibody test, based on dye exclusion. The sensitivity of the I.A. assay was shown to surpass slightly that of the cytotoxic antibody test.
The Effect of External Version on Antenatal Immunization by the Rh Factor
Authors: Vos G. H. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe present study has shown that the routine practise of antenatal manipulations such as external version is associated with a significant increase in the frequency of episodes of Rh immunization not only among Rh negative mothers who were already immunized before the present pregnancy commenced but also among those not previously immunized.The findings would seem to indicate that the disruption of the placental circulation is enhanced by such procedures and the ultimate risk involved in intensifying the haemolytic process ‘in utero’ can therefore not be ignored.
Relationship of the Anticomplement Coombs Test to the Classes of Immunoglobulins1
Authors: Hudgins W. R. , Wardlaw L. L. , McDuffie F. C. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe agglutination in saline and the enhancement by anti‐IgG and anti‐C′ Coombs sera of human blood‐group antibodies fractionated by density‐gradient ultracentrifugation and anion‐exchange chromatography, as well as the effect of 0.1M penicillamine on these fractions, have been studied. All of the IgM antibodies agglutinated cells after exposure to C′ and anti‐C′ but not after exposure to anti‐IgG Coombs serum. All IgG antibodies were strongly agglutinated by anti‐IgG, and some (including two unusual anti‐Rh sera) were also agglutinated by anti‐C′ after exposure to C′. A complement‐fixing IgG Donath‐Landsteiner antibody was found to be capable of attaching to erythrocytes in the cold in the absence of complement. If complement has been fixed, the antibody can be subsequently eluted by warming without affecting the attachment of β1c‐globulin. No enhancement of IgM antibody titers could be produced by anti‐IgM Coombs sera unless the Coombs sera also contained anti‐C′. An unidentified anti‐A antibody, approximately 7S, agglutinated more strongly with anti‐C′ than with anti‐IgG Coombs serum.The fixation of complement by anti‐blood‐group antibodies depends on both immunoglobulin class and nature of the antigen. The number and proximity of antigenic sites on the erythrocyte is probably one major factor in determining whether a given IgG antibody can fix complement.
Enzyme Reacting Specific Auto‐Antibodies in Individuals Showing No Signs of Auto‐Immune Haemolytic Anaemia1
Authors: Dybkjaer E. , Kissmeyer‐Nielsen F. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryAuto‐antibodies of blood group specificity, reacting only with enzyme‐treated red cells, were found in 19 individuals. These showed no signs of auto‐immune haemolytic disease. None of the auto‐antibodies studied were IgG immunoglobulins. Some of the subjects were followed over a period of 2–3 years. No changes in the character of the auto‐antibodies were observed. In other cases, the auto‐antibody production seems to have been a transient phenomenon. The study thus provides no evidence in support of the assumption that the enzyme‐reacting auto‐antibodies were the precursor of a clinically more important auto‐antibody.
Two Incomplete Agglutinins Associated with Anti‐Lea in Rabbit Antisera Against Gum Arabic
Authors: Matsuzawa Shigetaka 
Published: March 2009

SummaryThe presence of two agglutinins in the sera of rabbits which were immunized by gum arabic were described. One of the agglutinins, anti‐Leg1, reacted to the majority of papain treated Le(a+) red cell samples, but this was not the case with the remaining Le(a+) and all of the Le(a—) samples. Another agglutinin, anti‐Leg2, reacted to some samples of papain treated Le(a—) red cells, as well as the majority of Le(a+). All 16 red cell samples, which reacted to anti‐Leg1, also reacted to anti‐ Leg2. Anti‐Leg1 was inhibited strongly by saliva from Lea‐secretor and weakly by that from Lea‐non‐secretor. Anti‐Leg2 was partially inhibited by saliva from both secretor and non‐secretor of Lea.
Prenatal T‐Transformation?
Authors: Jørgensen J. R. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryAn account is given of the first case of transient polyagglutinability in a new‐born infant who also had icterus gravis neonatorum. This polyagglutinability is interpreted as a prenatally occurring T‐transformation of the foetal erythrocytes. No infection which might have caused such a T‐transformation could be demonstrated. A causal relationship between the polyagglutinability and the neonatal jaundice is considered unlikely.
A Biological Test for Injury to the Human Red Cell
Authors: Stuart A. E. , Cumming R. A. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryA biological system for the detection of human red cell injury has been described. Allogeneic macrophages incubated in human AB serum will readily phagocytose human red cells which have been sensitised with either anti‐D serum or a haemolysin. Old human red cells are also phagocytosed but normal fresh cells are not. The technique is reproducible providing strict technical precautions are observed. The allogeneic macrophage system may be useful for the investigation of red cell abnormalities in man.
H, A, and B Titres in South African Blood Donors
Authors: Brain P. 
Published: March 2009

Summary. It is known that the red cells of Bantu of group O have far higher H titres than those of Europeans, and that the cells of A1–A2 intermediates have more H than those of A2 subjects. This latter finding is not in accord with the theory of Morgan and Watkins according to which H substance is the basic material out of which A and B substances are elaborated.To test the theory further, A, B and H red cell titres were compared in Bantu and Europeans of groups A1 and B. Bantu cells of group B have considerably more B substance than those of Europeans; H titres of group B cells are about the same in the two races. Bantu A1 cells, on the other hand, have far more H than A1 cells from Europeans; the A titres are equal in the two races. Both these findings support the Morgan‐Watkins theory.
Hereditary Aspects of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia; a Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Pirofsky B. 
Published: March 2009

Summary. A family with three siblings involved in autoimmune hemolytic anemia is presented. One sibling had an idiopathic variety of the Evans' syndrome type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The other two siblings had secondary forms of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, with plasma cell myeloma present in one and systemic lupus erythematosus in the other. A retrospective analysis of the family histories of forty‐four patients with idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia revealed that 20 % had family members involved in clinically detectable autoimmune disease.The hypothesis is presented that autoimmune hemolytic anemia results from a fundamental aberration of the immune apparatus which prevents the establishment of a normal immune homeostatic mechanism. This abnormality appears to be transmitted on a familial basis, and is not primarily related to erythrocyte immune homeostasis. As such, the concept of ‘idiopathic’ autoimmune hemolytic anemia may be illusory and simply represent a partial diagnosis of a more generalized medical disorder.
Anti‐Vel 2, a New Antibody Showing Heterogeneity of Vel System Antibodies1
Authors: Issitt P. D. , ØYen Ragnhild , Reihart Judith K. , Adebahr Margot E. , Allen F. H. , Kuhns W. J. 
Published: March 2009

SummaryAnti‐Vel 2 is a newly recognized antibody in the Vel system. Two anti‐Vel sera have been shown to contain anti‐Vel 2, while 4 others have anti‐Vel 1 plus anti‐Vel 2. The new phenotype Vel: 1, ‐2 is twice as common (frequency about 0.00053) as Vel: ‐1, ‐2 (frequency about 0.00025). Tests with the original Vel serum of Sussman and Milleh [8] show that the phenotype Vel: ‐1, ‐2 corresponds to the original Vel‐negative type.