bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical exercise frequency and cognition: a multicenter cross-sectional cohort study
Authors: Wen Chen , Gan Jing-Huan , Huang Guo-Wei , Wang Xiao-Dan , Lü Yang , Niu Jian-Ping , Meng Xin-Ling , Cai Pan , Li Yang , Gang Bao-Zhi , You Yong , Lv Yan , Ren Zhi-Hong , Liu Shuai , Zeng Yan , Ji Yong 
Published: March 2024

Background and aimsDementia imposes a heavy burden on society and families, therefore, effective drug treatments, exploring and preventing factors associated with dementia, are paramount. To provide reference points for the best frequency of physical exercise (physical exercise), we investigated the association between frequency of PE and cognition in Chinese old adults.Methods16,181 Chinese participants aged 65 years or older were included in this study. Associations between PE and cognition were estimated multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses. Associations were further investigated across dementia subtypes (Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other types of dementia). Subgroup analyses were performed in different age groups, in populations with and without stroke, and those with and without hypertension.ResultsPE associated with dementia after adjusting for full covariates (OR: 0.5414, 95% CI: 0.4536–0.6491, p &lt; 0.001). Exercise performed at ≥3 times/week associated with lower risk of dementia (OR: 0.4794–0.6619, all p value &lt;0.001). PE was associated with improved cognition (β: 12851, p &lt; 0.001), and any PE frequency contributed to cognitive improvement (p values for exercise performed ≥1 time/week were &lt;0.001). Similar conclusions were identified when we repeated analyses in different dementia subtypes and age groups. Subgroup analyses suggested that the cognition of individuals without hypertension also benefitted from exercising 1–2 times/week (OR: 0.6168, 95% CI: 0.4379–0.8668, p = 0.005).ConclusionThe best exercise frequency is exercising ≥3 times/week for individuals from different dementia subtypes and age groups. While for those without hypertension, PE at 1–2 times /week is also beneficial.
Analyzing the causal relationship between lipid-lowering drug target genes and epilepsy: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Shicun , Liu Yuan , Zhang Yi , Wang Yiqing , Gao Ya , Li Runnan , Yu Lidong , Hu Xiaowei , Fang Qi 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundPrevious research has yielded conflicting results on the link between epilepsy risk and lipid-lowering medications. The aim of this study is to determine whether the risk of epilepsy outcomes is causally related to lipid-lowering medications predicted by genetics.MethodsWe used genetic instruments as proxies to the exposure of lipid-lowering drugs, employing variants within or near genes targeted by these drugs and associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) from a genome-wide association study. These variants served as controlling factors. Through drug target Mendelian randomization, we systematically assessed the impact of lipid-lowering medications, including HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) inhibitors, on epilepsy.ResultsThe analysis demonstrated that a higher expression of HMGCR was associated with an elevated risk of various types of epilepsy, including all types (OR = 1.17, 95% CI:1.03 to 1.32, p = 0.01), focal epilepsy (OR = 1.24, 95% CI:1.08 to 1.43, p = 0.003), and focal epilepsy documented with lesions other than hippocampal sclerosis (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.02). The risk of juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) was also associated with higher expression of PCSK9 (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.09, p = 0.002). For other relationships, there was no reliable supporting data available.ConclusionThe drug target MR investigation suggests a possible link between reduced epilepsy vulnerability and HMGCR and PCSK9 inhibition.
The anti-cholestatic effects of Coptis chinensis Franch. alone and combined with Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley: dual effects on fecal metabolism and microbial diversity
Authors: Han Jun , Wu Peijie , Xu Zongying , Liu Chao , Chen Qian , Zhang Fenghua , Tao Huan , Luo Dan , Zhou Li , Wang Bo , Gao Zhe , Shen Tao , Wen Yueqiang , Yu Han 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Drug dosages and combinations are the main factors that affect the efficacy of pleiotropic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Coptis chinensis Franch. (CF) is a representative TCM with multiple effects and is often combined with Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley (TR) to treat cholestasis. The present study assessed the influence of CF dose and its combination with TR on the efficacy of CF in cholestasis treatment, including their effects on fecal metabolism and fecal microorganisms.Methods: Rats with α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 50 mg/kg)-induced cholestasis were administered low (0.3 g/kg) and high (0.6 g/kg) doses of CF, as well as CF combined with TR at doses of 0.6 g/kg and 0.9 g/kg, respectively. The anti-cholestatic effects of these treatments were assessed by determining their anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and anti-oxidative stress properties. Additionally, fecal metabolomics and fecal microorganisms were analyzed.Results: Low dose CF had a more potent hypolipidemic effect than high dose CF, whereas high dose CF had more potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Combination with TR enhanced the hypolipidemic effect, but antagonized the anti-inflammatory effect, of CF. Analyses of fecal metabolomics and fecal microorganisms showed differences in the regulation of lipid- and amino acid metabolism-related pathways, including pathways of linoleic acid, tyrosine, and arachidonic acid metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis between different doses of CF as well as between different doses of CF in combination with TR. These differences may contribute to differences in the anti-cholestatic effects of these preparations.Conclusion: CF dose influences its anti-cholestatic efficacy. The combination with TR had synergistic or antagonistic effects on the properties of CF, perhaps by altering fecal metabolism and fecal microbial homeostasis.
Biofilm containing the Thymus serpyllum essential oil for rice and cherry tomato conservation
Authors: Roselló Josefa , Llorens-Molina Juan Antonio , Larran Silvina , Sempere-Ferre Francisca , Santamarina M. Pilar 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionFungal pathogens cause major yield losses in agriculture and reduce food quality and production worldwide.PurposeTo evaluate new safer alternatives to chemicals for disease management and preserve the shelf life of food, this research was conducted to: determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Thymus serpyllum and Thymus piperella chemotypes 1 and 2; investigate the antifungal potential of EOs in vitro against: Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris spicifera, Curvularia hawaiiensis, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Penicillium italicum, Botryotinia fuckeliana; evaluate a natural T. serpyllum extract biofilm to conserve rice grain and cherry tomatoes.MethodEOs were analyzed by GC-MS+GC-FID. EOs’ antifungal activity was evaluated by dissolving Thymus extracts in PDA. Petri dishes were inoculated with disks of each fungus and incubated at 25°C for 7 days.ResultsThe T. serpyllum EO displayed the best Mycelial Growth Inhibition. The antifungal effect of the T. serpyllum EO biofilm was evaluated on rice caryopsis. Disinfected grains were dipped in a conidial suspension of each fungus and sprayed with EO (300 and 600 μg/mL) prepared in Tween 20. Grains were stored. The percentage of infected grains was recorded for 30 days. The T. serpyllum EO effect on cherry tomato conservation was evaluated in vivo. Wounded fruit were immersed in the T. serpyllum EO (300 and 400 μg/mL) and inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Fruit were evaluated for 7 and 14 days. Chemical profiles thymol/carvacrol for T. serpyllum, carvacrol for T. piperella Tp1 and thymol for T. piperella Tp2 were defined. The three evaluated EOs reduced all the studied phytopathogens’ fungal growth. The T. serpyllum biofilm was effective with rice storage and against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for extending the shelf life of tomatoes in warehouses and storing postharvest cherry tomatoes.ConclusionWe suggest applying these EOs as biofilms for safe food conservation to replace synthetic products.
Early national trends in non-abortion reproductive care access after Roe
Authors: Zhao Junying , Zahn Aaron , Pang Samuel C. , Quang Tony S. , Campbell Janis , Halkitis Perry N. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundRoe was overturned in 2022. No peer-reviewed evidence exists for the indirect spillover effects of overturning Roe on non-abortion reproductive care access for diverse patient populations.MethodsNational data were from 2013–2023 HHS Title X Directory, 2013–2020 CDC Artificial Reproductive Technologies (ART) Surveillance and 2021–2023 manual collection, and Guttmacher Institute. Outcome measures included numbers of ART clinics and Title X entities. Title X entities are those that receive federal funds to establish and operate voluntary family planning projects, especially for low-income patients. We reported pre-and post-Roe changes, associations between changes in measures and abortions, and characteristics of changed measures by region and political geography.ResultsPost-Roe America witnessed national declines of 1.03% in ART clinics and 18.34% in Title X entities, and average state decreases of 0.08 ART clinics (p &lt; 0.05) and 18 Title X entities (p &lt; 0.001). State-level ART clinic closures and abortion reductions had little association except for Texas, Oklahoma, Arizona, New York, and California. Plummets in Title X entities and abortions were positively associated: Reducing 100 abortions was associated with defunding two Title X entities (p &lt; 0.05). The South experienced the largest losses of both, while 83.39% of lost Title X entities were in states that voted Republican in the 2020 presidential election, disproportionate to the 49.02% of states that voted Republican and the 42.52% of US population residing in these states.ConclusionWe provide one of the first few evidence of spillover impacts of overturning Roe on non-abortion care access for diverse populations: low-income men and women, single parents by choice, and biologically and socially infertile patients. Early evidence warns of worsening challenges of inequities and calls for immediate policy actions.
Mechanisms of microbial photoinactivation by curcumin’s micellar delivery
Authors: Ryu Victor , Ghoshal Mrinalini , Chuesiang Piyanan , Ruiz-Ramirez Silvette , McLandsborough Lynne , Corradini Maria G. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Microbial photoinactivation using UV light can be enhanced by the addition of food-grade photosensitizers (PSs), such as curcumin. Micellization of curcumin can improve its stability and antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms that contribute to the photoinactivation of Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Listeria innocua by curcumin-loaded surfactant solutions produced with Surfynol 465 (S465) or Tween 80 (T80) below, near, and above their critical micelle concentration (CMC).Methods: Stock curcumin-surfactant solutions were produced with S465 or T80 (5 mM sodium citrate buffer, pH 3.5). Mixtures of each bacterial suspension (initial inoculum = 6 LogCFU/mL), 1 µM curcumin, and surfactants were irradiated with UV-A light (λ = 365 nm) for 5 min. Microbial recovery after treatments was assessed by monitoring the growth of the treated E. coli O157: H7 or L. innocua using an oCelloscope™. The growth curves were characterized using a modified logistic model.Results and Discussion: Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria showed less and slower recovery when treated with curcumin-S465 (near or at CMC) than curcumin-T80 solutions after irradiation. FLIM micrographs suggested that curcumin was preferentially localized at the cell membrane when S465 was present, as evidenced by its longer lifetimes in samples treated with curcumin-S465 solutions. Washing after treatment resulted in the removal of loosely bound or unbound S465-curcumin micelles; hence, both E. coli O157: H7 and L. innocua recovery was faster. This suggested that curcumin partitioning has a significant role in microbial photoinactivation, possibly due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) closer to/within the membrane. The permeability of the membrane of E. coli O157: H7, as inferred from the Live/Dead cell assay, increased when S465 was present, suggesting that S465 can also facilitate inactivation by disrupting the membrane and by favoring the localization of curcumin adjacent to the cell membrane. Therefore, a synergistic antimicrobial effect is observed when curcumin is present alongside S465 at concentrations below or near its CMC due to the disruption of the cell membrane by S465.
Isoflurane treatment for refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus in dogs
Authors: Sarpekidou Eirini , Polyzois Georgios , Papageorgiou Virginia , Savvas Ioannis , Polizopoulou Zoe , Kazakos George 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionResistant epileptic episodes, such as refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE), are neurological emergencies that require immediate medical treatment. Although inhalational anesthetics, such as isoflurane (ISO), have been proposed as a means of seizure control in dogs, there is currently a lack of both experimental and clinical studies on this subject.Study designThis is a retrospective clinical study.MethodsRecords of dogs that received ISO for the management of RSE and SRSE during their intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization at the Companion Animal Clinic of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki were included in the present study. The study period spanned from February 2013 to March 2023. Dogs were identified as responders (R) when RSE/SRSE ceased after ISO administration, and the dogs were successfully discharged from the ICU after ISO discontinuation. Dogs were identified as non-responders (NR) when RSE/SRSE ceased after ISO administration, but RSE/SRSE reoccurred after ISO discontinuation. Additional data about the number and time of ISO cycles, the time of ICU hospitalization, the side effects of ISO administration, and an additional administration of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and anesthetic drugs were also recorded.ResultsA total of 20 dogs with 26 recorded RSE/SRSE episodes and 26 anesthetic cycles with ISO were included in the present study. The clinical termination of seizure activity was achieved 100% (26/26) in all episodes. In 73.1% (19/26) of the episodes, ISO administration resulted in successful RSE/SRSE treatment. Poor outcome was recorded in 26.9% (7/26) of the episodes because RSE/SRSE reoccurred after ISO discontinuation, and the dogs were euthanatized or died due to cardiac arrest. Inspiratory ISO ranged between 0.5 and 4.0%. The median time of the anesthetic cycles with ISO was 12.67 h (4.00–62.00). The median duration of the ICU hospitalization was 48.00 h (24.00–120.00). At least one ISO-related side effect was recorded in 23 out of 26 (88.5%) episodes.ConclusionTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first clinical study that addresses the administration of ISO for RSE/SRSE treatment in dogs. The use of ISO may be beneficial in terminating RSE/SRSE; however, further prospective studies are necessary to confirm this observation.
Metabolic Syndrome and Heart Transplantation: An Underestimated Risk Factor?
Authors: Sponga Sandro , Vendramin Igor , Ferrara Veronica , Marinoni Michela , Valdi Giulia , Di Nora Concetta , Nalli Chiara , Benedetti Giovanni , Piani Daniela , Lechiancole Andrea , Parpinel Maria , Bortolotti Uberto , Livi Ugolino 
Published: March 2024

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a multifactorial condition that increases the risk of cardio-vascular events, is frequent in Heart-transplant (HTx) candidates and worsens with immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of MetS on long-term outcome of HTx patients. Since 2007, 349 HTx patients were enrolled. MetS was diagnosed if patients met revised NCEP-ATP III criteria before HTx, at 1, 5 and 10 years of follow-up. MetS was present in 35% of patients pre-HTx and 47% at 1 year follow-up. Five-year survival in patients with both pre-HTx (65% vs. 78%, p &lt; 0.01) and 1 year follow-up MetS (78% vs 89%, p &lt; 0.01) was worst. At the univariate analysis, risk factors for mortality were pre-HTx MetS (HR 1.86, p &lt; 0.01), hypertension (HR 2.46, p &lt; 0.01), hypertriglyceridemia (HR 1.50, p=0.03), chronic renal failure (HR 2.95, p &lt; 0.01), MetS and diabetes at 1 year follow-up (HR 2.00, p &lt; 0.01; HR 2.02, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). MetS at 1 year follow-up determined a higher risk to develop Coronary allograft vasculopathy at 5 and 10 year follow-up (25% vs 14% and 44% vs 25%, p &lt; 0.01). MetS is an important risk factor for both mortality and morbidity post-HTx, suggesting the need for a strict monitoring of metabolic disorders with a careful nutritional follow-up in HTx patients.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK DATA MINING UNTUK MENENTUKAN POLA KINERJA SISWA SD SANTA MARIA REMBANG DALAM MENGHADAPI UJIAN KELULUSAN
Authors: Ibad Sholihul 
Published: March 2024

APPLICATION OF DATA MINING TECHNIQUES TO DETERMINE PERFORMANCE PATTERNS OF STUDENTS AT SD SANTA MARIA REMBANG IN FACING THE GRADUATION EXAMSD Santa Maria is one of the elementary school in Rembang Regency. SD Santa Maria has problems with the performance or reduced ability of students in the matriculation examination, especially failures in mathematics and language tests. The purpose of this study is to group students on the basis of student performance and on the basis of the formed groups to determine the pattern of student performance when approaching the matriculation exam. The proposed method focuses on clustering and classification methods. The K-Means clustering method aims to find the best number of groups (clusters) and groups of students in the respective clusters. Therefore, the proposed classification method uses a decision tree algorithm to find patterns of students based on the created groups (clusters). The results of this research showed that k = 2 as the best group (cluster) and the grouping of students into 2 groups (cluster 0 and cluster 1). The clustering results with clusters as a new attribute are used for the classification method of the decision tree algorithm. Clusters are used as labels and the resulting patterns are in the form of decision trees or rules. SD Santa Maria merupakan salah satu Sekolah Dasar yang berada di Kabupaten Rembang. Saat menghadapi ujian kelulusan, SD Santa Maria memiliki masalah kinerja atau kemampuan siswanya menurun, khuhusnya kegagalan pada ujian matematika dan bahasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengelompokkan siswa berdasarkan kinerja siswa dan mengetahui pola dari kinerja siswanya dalam menghadapi ujian kelulusan berdasarkan kelompok yang terbentuk. Metode yang diusulkan terfokus pada metode clustering dan klasifikasi. Metode clustering dengan menggunakan algoritma K-Means bertujuan untuk mencari jumlah kelompok (cluster) yang paling optimal dan mengelompokkan siswa pada cluster yang sesuai. Dengan demikian, metode klasifikasi yang diusulkan menggunakan algoritma Decision Tree untuk menemukan pola dari siswa berdasarkan kelompok (cluster) yang terbentuk. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan k=2 sebagai kelompok (cluster) yang paling optimal dan mengelompokkan siswa menjadi 2 kelompok (cluster 0 dan cluster 1). Hasil cluster yang memuat cluster sebagai atribut baru ini lah yang digunakan untuk metode klasifikasi dengan algoritma Decision Tree. Cluster dijadikan sebagai label dan pola yang dihasilkan berbentuk decision tree (pohon keputusan) atau peraturan if-then.
Could Conservatism Reduces Earning Management Practice in IPO During the Current Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Adhi Dimas Hermawan Novi , Agusta Stiven 
Published: March 2024

The research examines the market reaction to the information prepared by two different accounting standards during the covid-19 pandemic, and the role of Conservatism in reducing the earning management practice in the initial public offerings (IPO). The response considers the rationality level, the avoidance risk, and accounting standards' role in preparing the information. An event study of IPO is conducted on the various primary market in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. Our conclusions are twofold. First, the market reacts quickly to the stated information, where the accounting standards influence the reaction level. Second, during the covid-19 pandemic, earnings management plays a role in increasing the market reaction intensity. At the same time, we have not found conservatism's role in reducing the earning management activity.
Establishing a Zakat Culture based on Good Zakat Governance and Good Zakat Empowerment in Indonesia
Authors: Chotib Moch , Muhammad Fauzinudin Faiz  , Ikhsan Abdullah  
Published: March 2024

Zakat, as one of the five pillars of Islam, holds significant potential to address socio-economic challenges in Muslim-majority countries. In Indonesia, efforts to promote a zakat culture have gained momentum, emphasizing the importance of good zakat governance and effective zakat empowerment. This scientific paper explores the key elements required to build a zakat culture in Indonesia and highlights the role of good zakat governance and zakat empowerment in achieving this objective. The paper also presents practical recommendations for policymakers, Islamic organizations, and stakeholders involved in the zakat ecosystem to foster a sustainable and impactful zakat culture in Indonesia.
Keyword : Zakat culture, Good zakat governance, Zakat empowerment
Carcinoma verrucoso oral
Authors: Arango-Bedoya Laura Margarita , García-Correa Nataly , Montealegre-Alvarado Rafael 
Published: March 2024

El carcinoma verrucoso oral es una entidad infrecuente, con similitudes clínicas e histopatológicas con otras patologías, lo que dificulta el enfoque clínico y terapéutico inicial. Una vez realizado el diagnóstico, el Gold estándar de manejo es la cirugía, y debe individualizarse cuál abordaje quirúrgico es el más adecuado para el paciente. Tienen un buen pronóstico de supervivencia, sin embargo, acarrean una alta morbilidad dada la afectación funcional y estética que pueden tener los compromisos avanzados.
Presentamos una paciente con carcinoma verrucoso oral con compromiso extenso, cuyo diagnóstico fue tardío debido a su similitud con el liquen plano oral
Spectral Radius of Graphs with Given Size and Odd Girth
Authors: Lou Zhenzhen , Lu Lu , Huang Xueyi 
Published: March 2024

Let $\mathcal{G}(m,k)$ be the set of graphs with size $m$ and odd girth (the length of shortest odd cycle) $k$. In this paper, we determine the graph maximizing the spectral radius among $\mathcal{G}(m,k)$ when $m$ is odd. As byproducts, we show that, there is a number $\eta(m,k)>\sqrt{m-k+3}$ such that every non bipartite graph $G$ with size $m$ and spectral radius $\rho\ge \eta(m,k)$ must contain an odd cycle of length less than $k$ unless $m$ is odd and $G\cong SK_{k,m}$, which is the graph obtained by subdividing an edge $k-2$ times of the complete bipartite graph $K_{2,\frac{m-k+2}{2}}$. This result implies the main results of Zhai and Shu [Discrete Math. 345 (2022)] and settles a conjecture of Li and Peng [The Electronic J. Combin. 29 (4) (2022)] as well.