bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the Role of Prickly Pear Fruits (Opuntia littoralis) in Mitigation of Cadmium Toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus: Impacts on Haemato-Biochemical and Immunological Responses
Authors: Abbas Mahmoud Mahrous M. , Amer Mohamed A. , malki Jamila S. Al , Mohammadein Amaal , Metwally Metwally G. , Waheed Rania M. , Elraey Said M. A. , Radwan Mahmoud 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the preventative value of dietary supplements with fruits of the prickly pear on the haemato-biochemical and immunological responses of O. niloticus exposed to subacute waterborne cadmium toxicity. Four diets supplemented with different proportions of fruits of 0% (control, OLFE-0% group), 0.5% (OLFE-0.5% group), 1% (OLFE-1% group), and 2% (OLFE-2% group) were administered to tilapia fingerlings for sixty days (pre-cadmium). After the feeding session, the tilapia treatments were subjected to waterborne cadmium toxicity for four days (post-cadmium). Blood samples were captured pre- and post-cadmium exposure to assess the haemato-biochemical and immunological alternations. According to the current findings, nutritional meals fortified with OLFE can enhance tilapia fish's growth performance and digestive enzymes. Nile tilapia fed on OLFE-fortified diets showed a significant reduction in cortisol, alanine transaminase (ALAT), aspartate transaminase (ASAT), glucose, protein, and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to the control with a basal diet without OLFE (P < 0.05). Additionally, it significantly improves the activities of complement C3, lysozyme, catalase (CAT), total immunoglobulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Significant increases in cortisol, leukocytes, glucose, CAT, ALAT, GPX, ASAT, and SOD were observed following exposure to waterborne cadmium. At the same time, there were decreases in erythrocytes, blood indices, hemoglobin, complement C3, packed cell volume, lysozyme, total immunoglobulin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) values. In brief, these findings suggest that supplementing prickly pear fruits to tilapia diets, especially at a level of 2%, can enhance immunological and antioxidant properties and effectively mitigate the harmful effects of Cd exposure in food safety and aquaculture.
Modification of Aspen Wood Ethanol Lignin via Azo Coupling; Promising Polymers from Renewable Plant Biomass
Authors: Golubkov Viktor A. , Borovkova Valentina S. , Lutoshkin Maxim A. , Zos’ko Nikolay A. , Vasilieva Natalya Yu. , Malyar Yuriy N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Plant biomass, in particular forestry wastes, is and promising renewable feedstock for deep chemical processing. Organosolv methods allow the use of underutilized lignin. The synthesis of modified polymers by azo coupling with the use of aspen (Populus tremula) ethanol lignin and its sulfated modification is studied. The success of the synthesis has been proven and the features of the structure and properties of the synthesized samples were studied by the physicochemical techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis. It is shown that the new azopolymers have the ability to photoisomerize, which opens up prospects for their high-tech applications. The modified lignins are proven to be bioactive antioxidants.
Agoraphobia With Panic Disorder in a Psychiatric Setting: A Case Report
Authors: Olose Emmanuel Omamurhomu , Busari Cecilia Oluwafunmilayo , Anake Godwin Akepu , Orovwigho Andrew , Ugoma Israel Obedjemurho 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Agoraphobia diagnosis has largely remained unchanged, with its criteria based on persistent fear and avoidance of certain clusters of situations. The controversial diagnosis of Agoraphobia with or without a history of panic disorder has also been retained in classification systems; with the understanding that patients either generally have never fully met or meet the diagnostic criteria for panic attacks.
Case report:
A 49-year-old female presented to an outpatient Psychiatric clinic with a 12-year history of fear of enclosed spaces which was precipitated by an unstable relationship with a male partner who frequently assaulted, abused, and neglected her because she refused to terminate an unplanned pregnancy, she had for him. According to ICD-11, she was diagnosed with Agoraphobia with panic attacks, she was treated with Tab. Fluoxetine 20mg and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and in the past two years she improved significantly with appropriate consistency in her follow-up visits.
Conclusion:
This case report shines a beam of light on the very few reported cases of agoraphobia and its incapacitating course on those who suffer from it. In Nigeria, there is scanty literature on agoraphobia, for multiple reasons such as stigma, the embarrassing nature of the illness, and no disclosure of illness.
Contextual Factors in US-Mexico Border Health Professions Education
Authors: Harindranathan Priya , Roberts Bill , Manohar Nivethitha , Fleming Kelli 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The aim of our study was to identify the significant factors that must be addressed in health professions education to prepare students for contextually responsive practice. This phenomenological study used the framework of structural competence to explore the contextual factors that must be addressed in health professions education. We conducted in-depth semi structured interviews with 18 participants, five teaching faculty, nine who served in leadership roles in higher education, and 4 community practitioners. The participants identified contextual factors that healthcare students need to know to be contextually responsive providers. Results show that healthcare students must be knowledgeable of cultural factors that limit cross-cultural communication and trust between providers and patients as well as the understand the structural and systemic factors that impact health such as income, employment, lack of insurance, lack of transportation, the role of SDOH, and the lack of healthcare access.
Reference Evapotranspiration Modeling for Northwestern Bangladesh Using Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Prodhan Md Mehedi Hasan , Gupta Laboni , Sunny Akib Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is crucial for determining crop evapotranspiration rates. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (FAO-56 PM) method is globally recognized for its consistent performance in ETo estimation. However, alternative methods remain popular due to their simplicity and minimal data requirements. This study investigated ETo modeling using multiple linear regression for three stations in northwestern Bangladesh: Rajshahi, Bogra, and Rangpur. Analyzing meteorological data from 1979 to 2022, the study explored relationships between ETo and various meteorological variables. Solar radiation consistently showed the strongest correlation (τ > 0.7) with ETo, followed by maximum temperature (τ > 0.65), while sunshine hour and relative humidity displayed weaker correlations (τ < 0.1) at every station. Three regression models were developed, all with r2 values > 0.93 and RMSE < 0.07. Model 3, including average temperature and relative humidity alongside solar radiation and wind speed, outperformed others (r2 > 0.97 and RMSE < 0.025). The findings have significant implications for agricultural planning, water resource management, and climate change adaptation in the region. Accurate ETo predictions enable stakeholders to optimize irrigation scheduling, improve crop yield forecasts, and formulate resilient agricultural policies.
Irisin promotes intestinal epithelial cell proliferation via Wnt/β-Catenin and focal adhesion kinase signaling pathways
Authors: Gaowa Arong , Leangpanich Supasuta , Jeong Eun , Kawamoto Eiji , shimaoka Motomu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The regeneration of epithelia is crucial for maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Irisin is exercise-induced hormone that was originally found to be secreted by skeletal muscles and which regulates energy metabolism. Recent studies have revealed that irisin protects against gut inflammation. However, the direct effects of irisin on intestinal epithelial cell remains to be elucidated. In this study, mouse intestinal organoids were used to assess the effects of irisin on the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. The size and budding morphologies of organoids were studied by confocal microscopy. Gene expression levels were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The cell surface expressions of integrins were determined by immunofluorescent cytometry. Irisin markedly stimulated the growth of intestinal organoids, thereby increasing the surface areas and budding phenotypes of the organoids. Interestingly, irisin significantly increased the expression of both β-catenin and the transcriptional targets of Wnt signaling Lgr5 and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, irisin induced the activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling, whereas a FAK inhibitor suppressed the cell proliferation. Taken together, irisin promotes epithelial cell proliferation via Wnt/β-Catenin and FAK signaling pathways in intestinal organoids, suggesting that irisin may be a promising therapeutic for intestinal epithelial regeneration.
Effectiveness of pain care intervention combined with traditional Chinese medicine care in the perioperative care of patients with urinary stones
Authors: Wang Rui , Lu Changxia , Zhang Jianping , Yang Yaling , Fan Linlin , Wang Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
Urinary stones are a common disease whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. The study investigated the effectiveness of pain care intervention combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) care in the perioperative care of patients with urinary stones.
Methods
A total of 79 patients with urinary stones were selected and divided into 2 groups. Both groups underwent minimally invasive urinary stone surgery. The control group was provided with conventional care during the perioperative period of urinary stone surgery, while the observation group was provided with pain care intervention combined with TCM care. Pain and urinary function recovery before and after postoperative care intervention, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and self-rating depression scale (SDS) scores before and after care intervention in the two groups were compared. First anal discharge time, catheter retention time, first out of bed activity time, the total number of hospital days, and complications were observed in both groups after surgery, and the satisfaction scores of patients in both groups with the perioperative care were recorded.
Results
Compared with before the postoperative intervention, in patients of the control and observation groups, the VAS score and residual urine volume were reduced while the maximum urine flow was increased after the intervention. The VAS scores and residual urine volume of patients in the observation group were lower, and the maximum urine flow was higher than those in the control group. Compared with before the intervention, the PSQI, SAS, and SDS scores of patients in both groups were lower after the intervention, and the PSQI, SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group. Compared with the control group, the observation group showed lower first anal discharge time, catheter retention time, first out of bed activity time, the total number of hospital days, and the incidence of complications after surgery, and the patients were more satisfied with the care.
Conclusion
Pain care intervention combined with TCM care is beneficial in reducing postoperative pain in patients undergoing urinary stone surgery, speeding up the recovery of urinary function, improving sleep quality, anxiety, and depression, and reducing the incidence of complications.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals differential expression of sex-related genes in androgenic glands and ovaries of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Authors: Li Xuenan , Zhou Mengying , Xie Jinping , Dai Xilin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an economically important crustacean worldwide. Based on the important role of the androgenic gland (AG) in sex determination in crustaceans, this study comparatively analysed the transcriptomes of AG and ovary tissues using Illumina sequencing technology. A total of 91,810 unigenes were generated from the six libraries after splicing and assembly, and 28,516 (31.1%) were annotated by BLASTx comparison with Nr and other databases. A total of 20,793 differentially expressed genes were identified in both tissues including 105 potentially related to sex determination and sex differentiation, of which 12 were ovary-specific and five were AG-specific. In addition, 14,794 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 289,882 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. This study enriches the database of molecular genetic information available for M. rosenbergii, establishes a foundation for the analysis and application of molecular regulatory mechanisms of its reproductive traits, and advances the study of sex determination and sex differentiation in crustaceans. SSRs and SNPs mined from the transcriptomes may provide markers for functional genome research and the development of new technologies for molecular breeding.
Patchiness of plankton communities at fronts explained by Lagrangian history of upwelled water parcels
Authors: Gangrade Shailja , Mangolte Inès 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The transport of plankton by highly dynamic (sub)mesoscale currents–-often associated with fronts and eddies–-shapes the structure of plankton communities on the same time scales as biotic processes, such as growth and predation. The resulting bio-physical couplings generate heterogeneities in their finescale distributions (1-10 km), or "patchiness." Here, we test the hypothesis that cross-frontal plankton patchiness at a front found 200-250 km offshore in the California Current System was influenced by wind-driven upwelling conditions upstream of the front. We show that in situ Eulerian measurements (cross-frontal transects) can be interpreted in a Lagrangian framework by using satellite-derived current velocities to trace water parcels backward in time to their coastal origins. We find that the majority of the water parcels sampled at this front originated along the central California coast during different episodic wind-driven upwelling pulses and followed various trajectories before converging temporarily at the front. In response to nutrient injections at the coast, plankton communities transformed during their journeys from the coast to the sampling zone, with a succession of phytoplankton and zooplankton blooms. The cross-frontal sampling captured the convergence of these distinct water parcels at different points in their biological histories, which resulted in the observed spatial patchiness. Our results suggest that identifying the processes controlling frontal plankton communities requires understanding them in the context of their spatial and temporal histories, rather than as two-dimensional responses to local frontal processes. In particular, Lagrangian approaches should be more widely applied to understand critical ecological patterns in highly dynamic systems.
Continuous Speech Recognition System for Maithili
Authors: Kumar Shantanu , Fernandes Stephen , Choudhary Narayan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With the increasing role of speech technology in society, it has become indispensable for researchers to develop systems for low-resource languages that can cater to the needs of the common man residing in remote areas. This paper presents the inaugural attempt to develop an automatic continuous speech recognition system in Maithili, a low-resource language spoken by around 80 million people in India and Nepal. Leveraging a speech corpus from the Linguistic Data Consortium for Indian Languages containing 21412 speech utterances covering 300 speakers, the baseline speech recognition trained using the Kaldi toolkit employs the traditional Hidden Markov Model (HMM) in tandem with the Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM). Feature extraction utilizes Mel Filter Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) and the ASR system is trained using GMM and Deep Neural Network (DNN) along with HMM. Language model training incorporates n-gram modeling. The system is trained on both Devanagari and Mithilakshar scripts, achieving the best Word Error Rates (WER) of 16.31% and 19.09% respectively.
Recent advances in treatment of microplastics in wastewater
Authors: Singh Surya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Microplastics are newly emerged contaminants having a ubiquitous presence in almost every kind of environmental matrix. Water is one of the most important reservoirs of microplastics, which also serves as an efficient medium for the transfer of these particles to various abiotic matrices and biotic lives. As per recent research, microplastics in water are an emerging public health issue that needs attention, and hence, suitable treatment methodologies are needed to reduce the contamination potential of water/wastewater. Although conventional wastewater treatment methods are able to remove microplastics to some extent, complete removal is challenging to date. Therefore, new techniques are being explored, among which the use of bioinspired molecules, metal organic frameworks, and biological materials is important. Further, the mechanical removal of microplastics through engineered micromotors and chemical degradation through various techniques have also been investigated. While some of these techniques are attractive and provide suitable solutions, their wide-scale applicability and cost-effectiveness are issues. Moreover, the techniques that can be suitably incorporated into conventional wastewater treatment systems are more preferred. Considering all these issues, this chapter will discuss the recent technological advances in the removal of microplastics from wastewater.
Function of nanomaterials in the treatment of emerging pollutants in wastewater
Authors: Dhull Paramjeet , Saini Neha , Aamir Mohd , Parveen Shama , Husain Samina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Freshwater accessibility has grown to be a serious global challenge. The naturally occurring freshwater reserves are contaminated by the increased demographic, industrialization, and climatic changes. The health, environment, economy, and daily life are all extremely harmed by water pollution. Emergent pollutants including microplastics, antibiotics, hormones, unregulated medicines, nano-based materials, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, and so on are detrimental to human health and the environment. The development of wastewater treatment methods that are quick, feasible, low-cost, efficient, and sustainable is a problem posed by the emergence of new pollutants in the water. The shortcomings of current traditional treatment methods can be reduced with nanotechnology's intervention as it can remediate the contaminants commonly found in traces within complex organic mineral compounds. Based on the types of pollutants and required level of treatment efficiency, several nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, nanocomposites, nano-sorbents, graphene, nanomembranes, nanofibers, and nano-catalysts and so on are employed for wastewater treatment. Nanomaterials have unique physcio-chemical properties like shape, size and structure, surface morphology, crystallinity, and so on. These special qualities make them ideal substitutes for wastewater cleanup, purification, and contamination detection using pollutant-specific nanosensors and detectors. This chapter covers the type of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies useful in wastewater treatment to remediate emerging pollutants of concern. It also discusses the toxicity associated with nanotechnology and its environmental concern. Further the recent trends of large-scale clean-up of wastewater using nanotechnology and the challenges and future perspective associated with it are discussed.
Novel approaches for removing emerging contaminants from sludge using fungal-mediated processes
Authors: Yakkou Lamia , Houida Sofia , Chelkha Maryam , Sarroukh Imane , Bhat Sartaj Ahmad , Abdelwahd Rabha , Ibriz Mohammed , Raouane Mohammed , Amghar Souad , Harti Abdellatif El 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and industrial chemicals pose an increasing threat to both the environment and human health, with their presence being detected more frequently in wastewater treatment plants and sludge. In response, fungal-mediated processes have emerged as a promising bioremediation technology, offering the unique ability to degrade a wide range of pollutants present in sludge. This chapter delves into the fungal species utilized for this purpose and recent advances in fungal-mediated processes, including genetically modified and immobilized fungi and combinations with other treatment methods. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which fungi remove ECs from sludge, such as biosorption, biodegradation, and enzyme production, are comprehensively discussed. Factors affecting the efficiency of fungal-mediated processes, including pH, temperature, fungal species, nutrient availability, and reactor design, are also examined. Finally, the chapter outlines the challenges encountered when using fungal-mediated processes to remove ECs from sludge and potential real-world applications of these processes in wastewater treatment scenarios.
Personalized Management of Fatigue in Individuals With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Long COVID Using a Smart Digital mHealth Solution: Protocol for a Participatory Design Approach
Authors: Dorronzoro-Zubiete Enrique , Castro-Marrero Jesús , Ropero Jorge , Sevillano-Ramos José Luis , Dolores Hernández María , Sanmartin Sentañes Ramon , Alegre-Martin Jose , Launois-Obregón Patricia , Martin-Garrido Isabel , Luque Budia Asuncion , Lacalle-Remigio Juan R , Béjar Prado Luis , Rivera Romero Octavio 
Published: April 2024

Background
Fatigue is the most common symptom in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID, impacting patients’ quality of life; however, there is currently a lack of evidence-based context-aware tools for fatigue self-management in these populations.

Objective
This study aimed to (1) address fatigue in ME/CFS and long COVID through the development of digital mobile health solutions for self-management, (2) predict perceived fatigue severity using real-time data, and (3) assess the feasibility and potential benefits of personalized digital mobile health solutions.

Methods
The MyFatigue project adopts a patient-centered approach within the participatory health informatics domain. Patient representatives will be actively involved in decision-making processes. This study combines inductive and deductive research approaches, using qualitative studies to generate new knowledge and quantitative methods to test hypotheses regarding the relationship between factors like physical activity, sleep behaviors, and perceived fatigue in ME/CFS and long COVID. Co-design methods will be used to develop a personalized digital solution for fatigue self-management based on the generated knowledge. Finally, a pilot study will evaluate the feasibility, acceptance, and potential benefits of the digital health solution.

Results
The MyFatigue project opened to enrollment in November 2023. Initial results are expected to be published by the end of 2024.

Conclusions
This study protocol holds the potential to expand understanding, create personalized self-management approaches, engage stakeholders, and ultimately improve the well-being of individuals with ME/CFS and long COVID.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/50157