bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ursodeoxycholic acid does not reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection in newly allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a prospective NICHE cohort
Authors: Gao Hongye , Wang Jiali , Zheng Xinhui , Pei Xiaolei , Zheng Yawei , Zhai Weihua , Zhang Rongli , Chen Xin , Ma Qiaoling , Wei Jialin , Yang Donglin , Pang Aiming , He Yi , Feng Sizhou , Cao Yigeng , Jiang Erlie 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionRetrospective studies have suggested that Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA) provide a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in patients with liver disease. However, it is uncertain whether this finding can be extended to the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) cohort. Therefore, we aim to examine the protective potential of UDCA against SARS-CoV-2 infection in recently received allo-HSCT patients.MethodsDuring the initial Omicron variant wave in China (December 2022 to February 2023), we conducted a prospective observational study involving 91 hospitalized patients who had undergone allo-HSCT within the previous 6 months as part of the National Longitudinal Cohort of Hematological Diseases (NICHE). Throughout hospitalization, we continuously monitored the status of COVID-19 using SARS-CoV-2 PCR kits or SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Rapid Tests.ResultsAmong these patients, 67.0% (n = 61) were confirmed to have contracted SARS-CoV-2 infection. For the 52 patients evaluated, 23.1% experienced a severe or critical clinical course. There was no difference in the infection rate or severity of COVID-19 between the UDCA group and the non-UDCA group. We found that only patients transplanted between 3 and 6 months ago demonstrated a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to those who received allo-HSCT within 3 months (Odds Ratio [OR]: 3.241, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.287-8.814, P = 0.016). But other clinical factors, such as administration of UDCA, showed no difference. Notably, only age ≥38 years old remained as an independent risk factor for a severe clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 3.664, 95% CI: 1.129-13.007, P = 0.035).ConclusionThe effectiveness of UDCA in protecting newly allo-HSCT recipients against SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unconfirmed. Presently, the most effective strategy appears to be minimizing exposure to SARS-CoV-2.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04645199, identifier NCT04645199.
Long-term risk of neoplastic events after childhood growth hormone treatment: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Tidblad Anders , Bottai Matteo , Smedby Karin E. , Albertsson-Wikland Kerstin , Sävendahl Lars 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundIncreased risk of neoplastic events after recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in childhood has been an ongoing concern but long-term safety data are limited.MethodsA nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden of patients treated with rhGH during childhood between 1985-2010, due to isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD), small for gestational age (SGA) and idiopathic short stature (ISS). The comparison group consisted of 15 age-, sex-, and region-matched controls per patient, randomly selected from the general population. Data on neoplastic events and covariates, such as gestational age, birth weight, birth length, socioeconomic status, and height at study start, were collected through linkage with population-based registers. The cohort was followed for neoplastic events until the end of 2020.Results53,444 individuals (3,408 patients; 50,036 controls) were followed for up to 35 years, with a median follow-up of 19.8 years and a total of 1,050,977 person-years. Patients showed a moderately increased hazard ratio (HR) for neoplastic events overall compared to controls (HR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.12-1.46), but only significant for males (HR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.17-1.66) and not females (HR 1.15, 95% CI: 0.94-1.41). Longer treatment duration was associated with an increased HR, but no association was found between neoplastic events and mean or cumulative dose. No increased risk of malignant neoplasms was observed for the patients compared to matched controls (HR 0.91 95% CI: 0.66-1.26).ConclusionNo association was found between rhGH treatment during childhood for GHD, SGA, or ISS and malignant neoplastic events in early to mid-adulthood. A moderate increase in overall neoplastic events was observed due to an increased number of events in male patients.
The relationship between daytime napping and glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yuan Jinjin , Wang Jinle , Chen Yingdan , Zhang Min , Zhao Aimei , Du Jing , Zhang Jiahui , Liu Fan , Wang Yueying , Chen Pei , Zhu Bingqian 
Published: March 2024

AimTo examine the association between napping characteristics and glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.DesignThis study used a cross-sectional design.MethodsA convenience sample of people with type 2 diabetes (N=226) were included. Glycemic control was indicated by HbA1c which was measured by A1C Now®+. Napping characteristics including napping frequency, duration, timing, and type were measured by validated questionnaires. Other variables, such as insomnia, cognitive impairment, and depression were measured by the Insomnia Severity Index, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe sample consisted of 122 women (54.0%), with a median age of 67 years. Their median HbA1c was 6.8%. No significant relationship was found between napping frequency and HbA1c. Among nappers, after controlling for covariates, long napping duration (≥60 min) and morning napping were both associated with poorer glycemic control. Compared with appetitive napping, restorative napping was associated with better glycemic control.ConclusionDaytime napping (e.g., duration and type) is an important modifiable factor for glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. This study provides new insights into the relationship between napping and glucose management among people with diabetes.
Integrating PANoptosis insights to enhance breast cancer prognosis and therapeutic decision-making
Authors: Wang Shu , Li Zhuolin , Hou Jing , Li Xukui , Ni Qing , Wang Tao 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundDespite advancements, breast cancer outcomes remain stagnant, highlighting the need for precise biomarkers in precision medicine. Traditional TNM staging is insufficient for identifying patients who will respond well to treatment.MethodsOur study involved over 6,900 breast cancer patients from 14 datasets, including in-house clinical data and single-cell data from 8 patients (37,451 cells). We integrated 10 machine learning algorithms in 55 combinations and analyzed 100 existing breast cancer signatures. IHC assays were conducted for validation, and potential immunotherapies and chemotherapies were explored.ResultsWe pinpointed six stable Panoptosis-related genes from multi-center cohorts, leading to a robust Panoptosis-model. This model outperformed existing clinical and molecular features in predicting recurrence and mortality risks, with high-risk patients showing worse outcomes. IHC validation from 30 patients confirmed our findings, indicating the model’s broader applicability. Additionally, the model suggested that low-risk patients benefit more from immunotherapy, while high-risk patients are sensitive to specific chemotherapies like BI-2536 and ispinesib.ConclusionThe Panoptosis-model represents a major advancement in breast cancer prognosis and treatment personalization, offering significant insights for effectively managing a wide range of breast cancer patients.
The association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and autoimmune diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yu Xiaohui , Cheng Xue , Lv Lin , Wang Na , Li Mengcong , Ji Wenwen , Liu Tingting , Wang Guangdong , Hu Tinghua , Shi Zhihong 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveObservational studies have reported that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often accompanied by autoimmune diseases, but the causal relationships between them remain uncertain. In this Mendelian study, we aimed to investigate the potential causal relationship between COPD and four common autoimmune diseases.MethodsWe conducted an analysis of summary data on COPD and autoimmune disease using publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data. We initially employed the inverse- variance weighted method as the primary approach to establish the causal impact of COPD on autoimmune diseases in the sample and conducted additional sensitivity analyses to examine the robustness of the results. Subsequently, we performed reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses for the four autoimmune diseases. Finally, the potential for bidirectional causal relationships was assessed.ResultsOur MR analysis revealed no significant causal relationship between COPD and any of the studied autoimmune diseases. However, reverse MR results indicated a significant association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and the risk of developing COPD, with respective odds ratios (OR) of 377.313 (95% CI, 6.625–21487.932, P = 0.004) for RA and 11.097 (95% CI, 1.583–77.796, P = 0.015) for OA. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results.ConclusionOur findings support a potential causal relationship between autoimmune diseases and COPD, highlighting the importance of considering comorbidities in clinical management of COPD.
Causal relationship between atrial fibrillation/warfarin and cutaneous melanoma: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiaowu Wang , Qiang Zhou , Yike Han , Wu Zhixuan , Yiheng Jin , Xuemei Chen , Sen Lin , Jiong Chen 
Published: March 2024

PurposeIn recent years, the relationship between malignant tumors and atrial fibrillation has attracted more and more attention. Atrial fibrillation can also cause a series of adverse events, such as the risk of thromboembolism. Also, Warfarin is often used here. But, the relationship between cutaneous melanoma and atrial fibrillation, and between cutaneous melanoma and warfarin is still unclear. Therefore, we used a two-sample Mendelian randomization to assess the causal relationship between atrial fibrillation/warfarin and cutaneous melanoma (cM).MethodsFirstly, atrial fibrillation (ukb-b-11550; nCase = 3,518, nControl = 459,415) and warfarin (ukb-b-13248; nCase = 4,623, nControl = 458,310) as exposures, with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from the United Kingdom Biobank. And cM (ieu-b-4969; nCase = 3,751, nControl = 372,016) as outcome, with GWAS data from the IEU Open GWAS project. Subsequently, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were filtered from GWAS studies using quality control measures. In addition, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to explore the causal relationship between atrial fibrillation or warfarin and cM and used inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analytical method. Finally, relevant heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis were performed to ensure the accuracy of the results.ResultsA causal relationship between atrial fibrillation and cutaneous melanoma was observed, and between warfarin and cutaneous melanoma.ConclusionThe atrial fibrillation may play a causal role in the development of cutaneous melanoma, but the mechanism and the causal relationship between warfarin and cutaneous melanoma needs to be further elucidated.
Prospective observational study of nutritional status and oral supplement utilization in users of an elderly daycare service, employing a web-based Mini Nutritional Assessment Form (MNA plus)
Authors: Takano Hiroki , Kamada Yukikazu , Ichikawa Masaki , Yoshida Sadao 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSeniors are vulnerable to frailty, a condition linked to falls, fractures, hospitalizations, and sarcopenia. Even with regular meals, senior daycare users are at risk for malnutrition.MethodsThis study assessed malnutrition risk in daycare users, using the web-based Mini Nutritional Assessment Form (MNA®-SF). Individuals identified as malnourished or at risk were examined for changes in nutritional status with and without oral nutritional supplementation (ONS).ResultsOf 507 subjects, 138 (27.2%) were malnourished or at risk. Discontinuation rates were 20.0% (7/35) for the ONS group and 40.0% (10/25) for the regular care (RC) group. Among 29 patients with measurable weight change after six months, 19 (ONS group) and 10 (RC group) participated. The ONS group exhibited significant increases in body weight (+1.4 ± 2.9 kg, p &lt; 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (+0.6 ± 0.9 kg/m2, p &lt; 0.01), calf circumference (+3.2 ± 0.2 cm, p &lt; 0.01), and grip strength (+1.2 ± 1.9 kg, p = 0.069). Conversely, the RC group showed no significant increases in body weight (+1.0 ± 1.9 kg, p = 0.146), BMI (+0.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2, p = 0.176), or grip strength (−0.7 ± 1.7 kg, p = 0.327), with decreased grip strength and calf circumference (−0.8 ± 0.9 cm, p &lt; 0.05). In the ONS group, 52.6% (10/19) consumed over 400 kcal/day of ONS, and 84.2% maintained this intake for three months. Malnutrition is prevalent among daycare users.ConclusionONS influences weight, BMI, and calf circumference, potentially reducing discontinuation rates.Clinical trial registrationhttps://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000049767, UMIN000043580.
Case Report: Identification of a CARD8 variant in all three patients with PFAPA syndrome complicated with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Nakamura Haruhiko , Kikuchi Atsuo , Sakai Hideyuki , Kamimura Miki , Watanabe Yohei , Onuma Ryoichi , Takayama Jun , Tamiya Gen , Mashimo Yoichi , Ebata Ryota , Hamada Hiromichi , Suenaga Tomohiro , Onouchi Yoshihiro , Kumaki Satoru 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundPeriodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA syndrome), and Kawasaki disease (KD) are both considered to be disorders of the innate immune system, and the potential role of inflammasome activation in the immunopathogenesis of both diseases has been previously described.Case presentationHerein, we report the clinical courses of three patients who presented a rare combination of PFAPA syndrome and KD. Two patients who presented KD later developed the PFAPA syndrome, of whom one developed recurrent KD 2 years after the initial diagnosis. The third patient developed KD one year after the onset of PFAPA syndrome. The presence of both of these conditions within individual patients, combined with the knowledge that inflammasome activation is involved in both PFAPA syndrome and KD, suggests a shared background of inflammatory dysregulation. To elucidate the mechanism underlying shared inflammatory dysregulation, we investigated the roles of Nod-like receptors (NLRs) and their downstream inflammasome-related genes. All the patients had a frameshift variant in CARD8 (CARD8-FS). A previous study demonstrated a higher frequency of CARD8-FS, whose product loses CARD8 activity and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, in patients with the PFAPA syndrome. Additionally, the NLRP3 inflammasome is known to be activated in patients with KD. Together, these results suggest that the CARD8-FS variant may also be essential in KD pathogenesis. As such, we analyzed the CARD8 variants among patients with KD. However, we found no difference in the variant frequency between patients with KD and the general Japanese population.ConclusionsWe report the clinical courses of three patients with a rare combination of PFAPA syndrome and KD. All the patients had the CARD8-FS variant. However, we could not find a difference in the variant frequency between patients with KD and the general Japanese population. As the frequency of KD is much higher than that of PFAPA among Japanese patients, and the cause of KD is multifactorial, it is possible that only a small portion of patients with KD harbor CARD8-FS as a causative gene.
Histories of violence among clients seeking substance use disorder treatment: a systematic mapping review
Authors: Beeler Sara , Gerrish Olivia , Aldred B. Grantham , Asher BlackDeer Autumn 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThere is a limited literature base regarding the intersection of drug and alcohol treatment, violence, and trauma. While research substantiates that exposure to violence and trauma impacts the propensity to misuse substances, the conceptualization in clinical trials and practice has largely been narrow and gendered, referring only to intimate partner or domestic violence. Our systematic mapping review explored a more inclusive and expansive review of survivors of and perpetrators of violence and trauma (e.g., intimate partner violence, sexual assault, stalking, child abuse, political and community violence, criminal violence, micro violence, structural violence, and oppression) to establish: 1) the types of treatment settings included in intervention studies, 2) the common indicators of success or common outcomes recorded, and 3) understanding who is seeking treatment for drug and alcohol use with histories of violence.MethodsA systematic mapping review was conducted to identify any peer-reviewed articles published from 2011 to 2022. The Web of Science database was searched using a broad set of Boolean search terms related to violence, substance use disorders, and treatment. Over 8,800 records were identified from the systematic review with a total of 48 articles meeting inclusion criteria. ResultsMost studies in this review included populations reporting perpetration of violence (n=23, 48%) versus participants reporting survival of trauma/violence (n=17, 35%). Results also indicated female identifying populations (n=19; 40%) were predominantly served, were treated in the US (n=33; 69%) and seen in an outpatient setting (n=24; 50%). Authors also were attentive to studies that included sexual and gender minorities and discovered only three studies (6%) explicitly acknowledging inclusion of transgender participants or participants in relationship with partners of the same sex; three more studies (6%) were focused on participants with histories of or engaging in sex work. DiscussionThis review outlines treatment and research implications directly situated in the gap of service delivery found in this review. Specifically, the results elucidate the impact on minoritized and excluded identities based on gender, sexual preference, criminal legal status and directions for research and treatment to increase inclusion, representation, and equity across research and treatment settings.
Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and associated factors among displaced people in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andualem Fantahun , Melkam Mamaru , Takelle Girmaw Medfu , Nakie Girum , Tinsae Techilo , Fentahun Setegn , Rtbey Gidey , Begashaw Tesfaye Derbie , Seid Jemal , Tegegn Lidiya Fasil , Gedef Getachew Muluye , Bitew Desalegn Anmut , Godana Tilahun Nega 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe number of people who have been displaced from their homes due to violence, conflict, and natural disasters. The displaced persons are vulnerable to PTSD; however, being women, individuals with lower socio-economic status and intense exposure to physical assault are more vulnerable. The reviews stated that the pooled prevalence of PTSD among refugees in high-income countries was higher than the general population. However, there has been no review done on PTSD among displaced persons in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarise the most recent data evidence on the pooled prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and the pooled effect of associated factors on adult displaced people in Africa.MethodsWe used an appropriate guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reports, which is the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411371). The publications were identified from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus databases, and other grey searches of Google Scholar and World Health Organisation (WHO) reports. The data was extracted in Microsoft Excel, and then it will be imported into STATA 11.0 for analysis.ResultsWe have included 10 studies conducted in African countries with 5287 study participants. In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was 55.64 (95% CI: 42.76–68.41%). Further, in subgroup analysis regarding the study participants, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among internally displaced people and refugees was 56.35% and 54.04%, respectively. Among the associated factors, being female, unemployed, and depression were significantly related to PTSD among displaced people.ConclusionsIn this review, the pooled prevalence of PTSD among displaced people in Africa was high. Demographic characteristics (female, single, and unemployed), substance use disorder, and depression were risk factors for PTSD among displaced people. This finding might help the stakeholders (mental health policy makers, administrators, and mental health professionals) to address the prevention, early screening, and management of PTSD among displaced people and to give attention to more vulnerable bodies.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42023411371.
An exploratory study on the association of multiple metals in serum with preeclampsia
Authors: He Jie , Pu Yudong , Du Yue , Liu Haixia , Wang Xiaoxue , He Shuzhen , Ai Shiwei , Dang Yuhui 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundIndividual metal levels are potential risk factors for the development of preeclampsia (PE). However, understanding of relationship between multiple metals and PE remains elusive.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore whether eight metals [zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg)] in serum had a certain relationship with PE.MethodsA study was conducted in Dongguan, China. The concentrations of metals in maternal serum were assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Data on various factors were collected through a face-to-face interview and hospital electronic medical records. The unconditional logistic regression model, principal component analysis (PCA) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) were applied in our study.ResultsThe logistic regression model revealed that the elevated levels of Cu, Pb, and Hg were associated with an increased risk of PE. According to PCA, principal component 1 (PC1) was predominated by Hg, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, and As, and PC1 was associated with an increased risk of PE, while PC2 was predominated by Cd and Zn. The results of BKMR indicated a significant positive cumulative effect of serum metals on PE risk, with Ni and Cu exhibiting a significant positive effect. Moreover, BKMR results also revealed the nonlinear effects of Ni and Cd.ConclusionThe investigation suggests a potential positive cumulative impact of serum metals on the occurrence of PE, with a particular emphasis on Cu as a potential risk factor for the onset and exacerbation of PE. These findings offer valuable insights for guiding future studies on this concern.