bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional excretion of total protein predicts renal prognosis in Japanese patients with primary membranous nephropathy
Authors: Kuno Hideaki , Kanzaki Go , Sasaki Takaya , Okabayashi Yusuke , Haruhara Kotaro , Yokote Shinya , Koike Kentaro , Ueda Hiroyuki , Tsuboi Nobuo , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Primary membranous nephropathy (pMN) is one of the most common types of glomerulonephritis, with a third of patients progressing to renal insufficiency. Various prognostic factors have been reported, of which urinary protein and renal function are the most critical parameters. Fractional excretion of total protein (FETP) indicates protein leakage that accounts for creatinine kinetics and serum protein levels. In this study, we investigated the association between FETP and renal prognosis in pMN.

Methods
We retrospectively identified 150 patients with pMN. FETP was calculated as follows: (serum creatinine × urine protein)/(serum protein × urine creatinine) %. We divided the patients into three groups according to FETP values and compared the clinicopathological findings. The primary outcome was an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decrease of ≥30% from the baseline level.

Results
FETP was associated with urinary protein and renal function, Ehrenreich and Churg stage, and global glomerulosclerosis. The primary outcome was observed in 38 patients (25.3%), and the frequency of the primary outcome was higher in the high FETP group (P = .001). FETP is higher than protein–creatinine ratio (PCR) in the area under the curve. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for age, eGFR, PCR and treatment, FETP was significantly associated with primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio, 8.19; P = .019).

Conclusions
FETP is a valuable indicator that can reflect the pathophysiology and is more useful than PCR as a predictor of renal prognosis in patients with Japanese pMN.
Early vs. delayed mechanical circulatory support in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock
Authors: Buda Kevin G , Hryniewicz Katarzyna , Eckman Peter M , Basir Mir B , Cowger Jennifer A , Alaswad Khaldoon , Mukundan Srini , Sandoval Yader , Elliott Andrea , Brilakis Emmanouil S , Megaly Michael S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
Despite increased temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) utilization for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS), data regarding efficacy and optimal timing for tMCS support are limited. This study aimed to describe outcomes based on tMCS timing in AMI-CS and to identify predictors of 30-day mortality and readmission.

Methods and results
Patients with AMI-CS identified in the National Readmissions Database were grouped according to the use of tMCS and early (&lt;24 h) vs. delayed (≥24 h) tMCS. The correlation between tMCS timing and inpatient outcomes was evaluated using linear regression. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with 30-day mortality and readmission. Of 294 839 patients with AMI-CS, 109 148 patients were supported with tMCS (8067 veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 33 577 Impella, and 79 161 intra-aortic balloon pump). Of patients requiring tMCS, patients who received early tMCS (n = 79 906) had shorter lengths of stay (7 vs. 15 days, P &lt; 0.001) and lower rates of ischaemic and bleeding complications than those with delayed tMCS (n = 32 241). Patients requiring tMCS had higher in-hospital mortality [odds ratio (95% confidence interval)] [1.7 (1.7–1.8), P &lt; 0.001]. Among patients requiring tMCS, early support was associated with fewer complications, lower mortality [0.90 (0.85–0.94), P &lt; 0.001], and fewer 30-day readmissions [0.91 (0.85–0.97), P = 0.005] compared with patients with delayed tMCS.

Conclusion
Among patients receiving tMCS for AMI-CS, early tMCS was associated with fewer complications, shorter lengths of stay, lower hospital costs, and fewer deaths and readmissions at 30 days.
Complementarity of field studies and RCTs: evidence from Bt eggplant in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahsanuzzaman  , Husain Hamza , Zilberman David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Randomised control trials (RCTs) and field studies are two empirical approaches. We conducted a field study analysing the adoption of Bt eggplant in Bangladesh and compared the results of previous RCTs. We find that Bt eggplant raises yields, lowers total cost and pesticide costs and generates a price premium compared to non-Bt eggplant, increasing profits by 23 per cent. We also identify factors contributing to adopting Bt eggplant, including better access to credit, farm sizes and expected profitability. Our low-cost field study confirms the impact assessment results of RCTs and provides insight into factors affecting adoption.
May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Poland
Authors: Sęk-Mastej Anna , Banach Maciej , Mastej Mirosław , Jankowski Piotr , Gierlotka Marek , Olszanecka Agnieszka , Wolf Jacek , Prejbisz Aleksander , Osadnik Tadeusz , Tomasik Tomasz , Windak Adam , Grobelczyk Agnieszka , Beaney Thomas , Ahmadi-Abhari Sara , Poulter Neil R , Jozwiak Jacek J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
May Measurement Month 2021 (MMM21) is the fourth edition of the global initiative in Poland initiated by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and aimed at raising awareness of hypertension and the need for blood pressure (BP) screening. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in 132 sites - between May and September 2021. Blood pressure was measured in 1699 subjects (mean age: 40.8 ± 17.0 years; 68.8% females). After multiple imputation, the age and sex standardized systolic and diastolic BP was 126.6/78.7 mmHg for the entire group, 133.8/81.9 mmHg in individuals on antihypertensive medication, and 125.4/78.6 mmHg in those not taking antihypertensive drugs. The proportion of subjects with high BP (≥140/90 mmHg) were: 30.9% for the entire group, 40.4% in subjects taking antihypertensive drugs, and 17.9% in those not taking antihypertensive drugs. Of all participants, 33.9% were in the age range of 18–29 years and we observed higher BP levels and more frequent BP elevation in males in this age group. These data provide unique insights into the hypertension rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the associated restrictions, only limited data could be obtained for older adults. Interestingly, among young Polish participants, the rate of hypertension and the level of BP were higher in males compared to females, suggestive perhaps of a higher susceptibility of males to experience a rise in BP during specific circumstances associated with a pandemic.
Immigration and Business Dynamics: Evidence from U.S. Firms
Authors: Mahajan Parag 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper studies the impact of immigration on U.S. local business dynamics using a comprehensive collection of survey and administrative data. It finds heterogeneous impacts across the employer productivity distribution that favor higher-productivity firms and lead to increases in average local earnings. Responses to immigration along the exit margin are particularly important. Immigrant inflows cull establishments from low-productivity firms while preserving establishments from high-productivity firms. Overall, reduced exit accounts for 43% of immigrant-induced job creation and 41% of immigrant-induced earnings growth. A general equilibrium model proposes a mechanism that ties immigrant workers to high-productivity employers and shows how accounting for changes to the employer productivity distribution can yield substantially larger estimates of immigrant-generated economic surplus than canonical models of labor demand.
Variation in dental morphology and dietary breadth in primates and their kin
Authors: Selig Keegan R , Ramsay Malcolm S , Lahosky Rebecca , Schroeder Lauren , Silcox Mary T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Sympatric animals may consume diets of differing breadths as a strategy to reduce competition. Studying patterns of dietary breadth in extinct taxa is difficult because available data are generally limited to morphology. Dental topographic analysis (DTA) is useful for comparing occlusal morphology and allows for examination of dietary adaptations in extinct taxa. What remains unknown is how dental morphology, quantified using DTA, covaries with dietary breadth. The niche variation hypothesis (NVH) posits that taxa with broader ecological niches will be characterized by greater variability in morphology relative to specialized taxa. Therefore, we predict that taxa with greater dietary breadth will have more varied dental morphology compared to specialists as a result of the molar morphology of specialists being under greater genetic control relative to generalists, with specialists requiring teeth specially adapted to efficiently process a smaller range of food sources. We measured curvature, complexity, and relief of the M2 of 3 pairs of closely related euarchontan mammals (primates and treeshrews), with each taxon within a pair categorized as a generalist or specialist. Our results indicate that generalists do not consistently show greater variability in dental morphology compared to specialists among primates, but that atelids and treeshrews do generally follow the predictions of the NVH, with the caveat that our treeshrew sample is small. This suggests that while dietary specialists may be under greater genetic constraint with respect to their molar topography, a link between dietary breadth and dental form is not clear. Our study demonstrates that variation in dental topography does not necessarily reflect dietary breadth and highlights the fact that it is difficult to categorize even the most specialized primates (i.e. bamboo lemurs) as “dietary specialists.”
Probability of normal tissue complications for hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity in postoperative whole pelvic radiotherapy for gynecologic malignancies using intensity-modulated proton therapy with robust optimization
Authors: Yoshimura Takaaki , Yamada Ryota , Kinoshita Rumiko , Matsuura Taeko , Kanehira Takahiro , Tamura Hiroshi , Nishioka Kentaro , Yasuda Koichi , Taguchi Hiroshi , Katoh Norio , Kobashi Keiji , Hashimoto Takayuki , Aoyama Hidefumi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This retrospective treatment-planning study was conducted to determine whether intensity-modulated proton therapy with robust optimization (ro-IMPT) reduces the risk of acute hematologic toxicity (H-T) and acute and late gastrointestinal toxicity (GI-T) in postoperative whole pelvic radiotherapy for gynecologic malignancies when compared with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated X-ray (IMXT) and single-field optimization proton beam (SFO-PBT) therapies. All plans were created for 13 gynecologic-malignancy patients. The prescribed dose was 45 GyE in 25 fractions for 95% planning target volume in 3D-CRT, IMXT and SFO-PBT plans and for 99% clinical target volume (CTV) in ro-IMPT plans. The normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of each toxicity was used as an in silico surrogate marker. Median estimated NTCP values for acute H-T and acute and late GI-T were 0.20, 0.94 and 0.58 × 10−1 in 3D-CRT; 0.19, 0.65 and 0.24 × 10−1 in IMXT; 0.04, 0.74 and 0.19 × 10−1 in SFO-PBT; and 0.06, 0.66 and 0.15 × 10−1 in ro-IMPT, respectively. Compared with 3D-CRT and IMXT plans, the ro-IMPT plan demonstrated significant reduction in acute H-T and late GI-T. The risk of acute GI-T in ro-IMPT plan is equivalent with IMXT plan. The ro-IMPT plan demonstrated potential clinical benefits for reducing the risk of acute H-T and late GI-T in the treatment of gynecologic malignances by reducing the dose to the bone marrow and bowel bag while maintaining adequate dose coverage to the CTV. Our results indicated that ro-IMPT may reduce acute H-T and late GI-T risk with potentially improving outcomes for postoperative gynecologic-malignancy patients with concurrent chemotherapy.
Pericardioesophageal fistulae after left atrial ablation: a case series
Authors: Shah Savan K , Pendleton Audrey C , Khan Arsalan A , Alex Gillian C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pericardioesophageal fistula is an uncommon, yet serious complication that can occur after left atrial ablation for cardiac arrhythmias. Timing of this complication is variable; however, it has been reported to occur from a week to over a month post-ablation. The incidence of this complication after ablation is &lt;0.05%; however with increasing rates of left atrial ablations, early recognition is imperative. Nonspecific symptoms, including chest pain, dysphagia, and fever, can indicate the presence of a fistula within the first month after ablation. Early drainage with subsequent definitive treatment is key to limiting morbidity. Here we report four cases of pericardioesophageal fistula all occurring ~1 month post-ablation, with two patients surviving after prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment. Successful treatment in these two cases was achieved with fistula takedown and intercostal muscle flap interposition and esophageal stenting.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle regulates microbiota–gut–inner ear axis for hearing protection
Authors: Guo Zhanhang , Wu Yunhao , Chen Bo , Kong Mengdie , Xie Peng , Li Yan , Liu Dongfang , Chai Renjie , Gu Ning 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a highly prevalent form of sensorineural hearing damage that has significant negative effects on individuals of all ages and there are no effective drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. In this study, we unveil the potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle assembly (SPIOCA) to reshape the dysbiosis of gut microbiota for treating NIHL. This modulation inhibits intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress responses, protecting the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Consequently, it reduces the transportation of pathogens and inflammatory factors from the bloodstream to the cochlea. Additionally, gut microbiota-modulated SPIOCA-induced metabolic reprogramming in the gut–inner ear axis mainly depends on the regulation of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, which further contributes to the restoration of hearing function. Our study confirms the role of the microbiota–gut–inner ear axis in NIHL and provides a novel alternative for the treatment of NIHL and other microbiota dysbiosis-related diseases.
Sex-Based Disparities in the Transition to Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in West African HIV Cohorts
Authors: Tiendrebeogo Thierry , Malateste Karen , Poda Armel , Minga Albert , Messou Eugene , Chenal Henri , Ezechi Oliver , Ekouevi Didier K , Ofotokun Igho , Jaquet Antoine ,   IeDEA West Africa Collaboration, Zannou Marcel Djimon , Poda Armel , Ezechi Oliver , Messou Eugene , Chenal Henri , Minga Kla Albert , Tanon Aristophane , Seydi Moussa , Mensah Ephrem , Yonaba Caroline , Tossa Lehila Bagnan , Dame Jocelyn , N’Gbeche Sylvie Marie , Kouakou Kouadio , Folquet Madeleine Amorissani , Eboua François Tanoh , Traore Fatoumata Dicko , David Agatha , Takassi Elom , Jaquet Antoine , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi , Dabis François , Becquet Renaud , Bernard Charlotte , Malateste Karen , Marcy Olivier , Plaisy Marie Kerbie , Rabourdin Elodie , Tiendrebeogo Thierry , Dahourou Désiré , Desmonde Sophie , Jesson Julie , Leroy Valeriane , Moh Raoul , Azani Jean-Claude , Koffi Jean Jacques , Komena Eric , Bengali Maika , Cissé Abdoulaye , Gnepa Guy , Horo Apollinaire , Boni Simon , Kangah Eulalie , Moh Corinne , Eliam Jeanne , Ofotokun Ighovwerha , Martin Chris , Benzekri Noelle , Goettlieb Geoffrey , Keiser Olivia , Jaquet Antoine , Ekouevi Didier , Ofotokun Ighovwerha , Becquet Renaud , Benzekri Noelle , Bernard Charlotte , Boni Simon , Dabis François , Dahourou Désiré , Desmonde Sophie , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi , Jaquet Antoine , Jesson Julie , Komena Eric , Leroy Valeriane , Malateste Karen , Ofotokun Ighovwerha , Plaisy Marie Kerbie , Rabourdin Elodie , Tiendrebeogo Thierry 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transition to dolutegravir among 21 167 individuals experienced in antiretroviral therapy in West Africa showed heterogeneous timelines and patterns. Initially reported sex disparities tended to catch up over time with persisting disparities, according to contributing HIV clinics. Key factors facilitating dolutegravir switch were male sex, age &lt;50 years, viral suppression, and regimens not based on protease inhibitors.
An Upsurge of Measles Cases in Mali—a Consequence of Pandemic-associated Disruption in Routine Immunization
Authors: Nampota-Nkomba Nginache , Keita Adama Mamby , Juma Jane , Sidibe Diakaridia , Kourouma Nana , Sissoko Seydou , Haidara Fadima Cheick , Traore Cheick Tidiane , Traore Cheick Bougadari , Traore Awa , Gaume Brigitte , Sow Samba Ousmane , Kotloff Karen L , Tapia Milagritos D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Measles deaths highlight immunization program gaps. In the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance study in Mali, we observed a rise in under-5 measles-related deaths in 2022 that corresponded with increased measles cases at the same time and a decline in measles vaccine coverage in Mali in 2020.
Evaluation of Sonicate Fluid Culture Cutoff Points for Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis
Authors: Alvarez Otero Judith , Karau Melissa J , Greenwood-Quaintance Kerryl E , Abdel Matthew P , Mandrekar Jay , Patel Robin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Implant sonication is useful for recovery of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) pathogens in culture, but exact cutoff points for definition of clinically significant sonicate fluid culture results vary from study to study. The aim of this study was to define ideal sonicate fluid culture cutoff points for PJI diagnosis.

Methods
Sonicate fluid cultures from hip and knee prosthesis components removed between February 2007 and December 2020 were studied. Prosthesis components were placed in solid containers in the operating room; in the clinical microbiology laboratory, 400 mL Ringer's solution was added, and containers subjected to vortexing, sonication and then vortexing, followed by centrifugation. Concentrated sonicate fluid was plated on aerobic and anaerobic solid media, and culture results reported semiquantitatively, as no growth, &lt;20, 20–50, 51–100, or &gt;100 CFU/10 mL sonicate fluid. Sonicate cultures from cement spacers and cultures yielding more than 1 microorganism were excluded. Sensitivity and specificity of each cutoff point was evaluated.

Results
A total of 1448 sonicate fluid cultures were evaluated, 68% from knees and 32% from hips. PJI was present in 644 (44%) cases. Sensitivity of sonicate culture was 75.0% at &lt;20 CFU/10 mL, 55.3% at ≥20 CFU/10 mL, 46.9% at &gt;51 CFU/10 mL, and 39.8% at &gt;100 CFU/10 mL. Specificity was 78.2%, 99.8%, 100%, and 100%, at the 4 cutoff points, respectively.

Conclusions
A cutoff point for sonicate fluid culture positivity of ≥20 CFU/10 mL is suitable for PJI diagnosis.
Else Voigtländer (1882–1946)
Authors: Ferran Íngrid Vendrell 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Else Voigtländer’s place within early phenomenology. The chapter starts by disclosing her relation to Lipps and to prominent phenomenologists of the Munich Circle, such as Pfänder, Scheler, Geiger, and Daubert. It proceeds to offer an analysis of her work as it is embedded within the phenomenological tradition. In particular, the chapter focuses on her original application of the phenomenological method, her contribution to the emotivist theory of self-consciousness, her analysis of the social dimension of the self, her development of a concept of affectivity as intimately linked to value, and her study of specific phenomena, such as Ressentiment and erotic love. The chapter finishes with a discussion of the mechanisms that might have led to Voigtländer’s omission from the canon of phenomenology and an argument for the necessity of rewriting the history of the phenomenological movement to include her as a full-fledged member.
Hedwig Conrad-Martius (1888–1966)
Authors: Miron Ronny 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter establishes three constitutive layers in the phenomenological study of reality of Hedwig Conrad-Martius (1888–1966): phenomenal, ontological, and metaphysical. Each of these layers is distinguished by an inaugurating question: “where do we encounter [essences] in concrete realization?,” “what is reality?,” and “where does the world remain?,” respectively. The suggested division describes the chronological evolution of Conrad-Martius’s thinking, starting with Doctrine of Appearance (1916), continuing with an ontological inquiry in Realontologie (1923), and arriving at an articulated metaphysical discussion in the writings composed during the 1930s. The illumination of the arguments consolidating each of the related layers also demonstrates the dynamic taking place between the layers and their eventual joining together. However, because the philosophical insights achieved up to the late 1930s were never abandoned in her subsequent oeuvre, the layered observation is suggested as a key for understanding Conrad-Martius’s thinking as a whole.
Feminist Philosophizing in Nineteenth-Century German Women’s Movements
Authors: Moland Lydia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Leaders of nineteenth-century women’s movements in Germany often turned to philosophy to ground their activism. In this chapter, I focus on feminist philosophizing: explicitly theoretical thinking about the status, nature, and particular concerns of women that went on to inspire movements for social change. The chapter begins with the foundations of this thought among women in the early nineteenth century such as Dorothea Schlegel, Rahel Levin Varnhagen, and Bettina von Arnim. The chapter then discusses Louise Otto-Peters’s Enlightenment-based agitation for women’s education and employment; Clara Zetkin’s fight for women’s place in a socialist revolution; and Helene Stöcker’s Nietzsche-inspired reevaluation of sexual values. The chapter emphasizes the ways in which these women absorbed and extended German philosophical thought, including the philosophies of Kant, Schlegel, Hegel, Marx, and Nietzsche.
Women Philosophers and the Neo-Kantian Movement
Authors: Kinzel Katherina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces four women philosophers and explore their relation to the neo-Kantian movement: Hedwig Bender and Grete Hermann in Germany, Camille Bos in France, and Hilda Oakeley in the UK. The chapter identifies four key concerns of the neo-Kantian “orthodoxy” of the Baden and Marburg schools—the philosophy-science relation, antipsychologism, scientific change, and historical method. The chapter analyzes how, in taking up and developing Kantian concepts, Bender, Hermann, Bos, and Oakeley contribute to these discussions. Reflecting on the profound differences in their philosophical orientations, the chapter highlights the centrifugal tendencies that had been at work in the reception of Kant throughout the nineteenth century, and how these were amplified at the turn to the twentieth, when neo-Kantian philosophies were dispersed in different intellectual, institutional, and national contexts.