bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A few-shot based phase-batch multi-layer domain adaptation pattern recognition method
Authors: Li Yiming , Wang Jiankang , Luo Guangxu , Liu TongShan , Song Guiqiu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Deep transfer learning has been widely applied in the field of intelligent fault diagnosis. However, existing deep transfer learning-based diagnostic methods struggle to train reliable diagnostic models when there is a lack of data and significant distribution differences between the two domains. To address this issue, a few-shot based phase-batch multi-layer domain adaptation pattern recognition method is proposed. This method simultaneously measures the feature distribution differences of both the fully connected layers and the classification layers, thus better correcting the data domain bias. Additionally, a phase-batch training strategy and pseudo-label learning are employed to improve the convergence speed and stability of the training process. The proposed method is validated on two public datasets, Jiang Nan and Paderborn University, as well as a dataset obtained through independent experiments. It is compared with traditional feature-based transfer learning methods, the results show that the proposed method achieves higher diagnostic accuracy, faster convergence, and greater stability. Furthermore, its superior diagnostic performance in the few-shot scenario is demonstrated through experiments on a self-collected dataset.
Development of a high precision electrostatic force balance for measuring quantity of dispensed fluid as a new calibration standard for the becquerel
Authors: Schulze Sven , Arumugam Kumar , Schlamminger Stephan , Fitzgerald Ryan , Verkouteren R Michael , Theska René , Shaw Gordon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The 2019 redefinition of the kilogram not only changes the way mass is defined but also broadens the horizon for a direct realization of other standards. The true becquerel project at the national institute of standards and technology is creating a new paradigm for realization and dissemination of radionuclide activity. Standard reference materials for radioactivity are supplied as aqueous solutions of specific radionuclides which are characterized by massic activity in the units becquerel per gram of solution, Bq/g. The new method requires measuring the mass of a few milligrams of dispensed radionuclide liquid solution. An electrostatic force balance is used, due to its suitability for a milligram mass range. The goal is to measure the mass of dispensed fluid of 1 mg–5 mg with a relative uncertainty of less than 0.05%. A description of the balance operation is presented. Results of preliminary measurements with a reference mass indicate relative standard deviations less than 0.5% for tens of tests and differ 0.54% or less from an independent measurement of the reference mass.
Intelligent fault diagnosis of rolling bearings under small samples based on lightweight UNet with attention-fused residual block
Authors: Sun Xiaochun , Ding Hua , Li Ning , Dong Xiaoxin , Liao Yaoyao , Liu Zeping , Bai Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In rotating machinery, rolling bearings are crucial, and their failure can lead to severe accidents and economic losses. Therefore, fault diagnosis of bearings is necessary to maintain the safe and stable operation of modern machinery and equipment. Currently, data-driven intelligent diagnosis methods are mainstream; however, in practical applications, problems such as insufficient fault samples and strong interference signals often exist. At the same time, a large number of edge-end and mobile devices put higher requirements for the size of the diagnostic model. This study addresses these issues by proposing a lightweight UNet (LWUNet) model, which integrates wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) and attention-fused residual block (AFRB) for fault diagnosis in rolling bearings under varying operating conditions, particularly for small sample sizes. Firstly, WPD is used to decompose and reconstruct the fault signal to achieve effective denoising. Secondly, a LW-UNet is constructed for pixel-level feature learning to reduce the number of parameters and improve the accuracy rate. Thereafter, to further enhance the model feature extraction capability, the AFRB is proposed and embedded into the LWUNet to develop the AFRB-LWUNet model. Finally, the reconstructed signals are input to the proposed model for training, and the model performance is examined using a test set. The proposed method is compared with other fault diagnosis models using small sample data of rolling bearings from the Case Western Reserve University, USA and the University of Paderborn, Germany. The results confirm the higher recognition accuracy, stronger generalization ability, and robustness of the proposed method for small samples under various working conditions and intense noise.
The effect of geometrical parameters on dimensional deviation in LPBF produced TPMS lattices: a numerical simulation based study
Authors: Gülcan Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Tamer Aykut 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattices have drawn great attention both in academic and industrial perspective due to their outstanding mechanical behaviours. Additive manufacturing (AM) modalities enable the production of these lattices very easily. However, dimensional inaccuracy is still one of the problems that AM still faces with. Manufacturing of these lattices with AM modalities, then measuring the critical dimensions and making design changes accordingly is a costly process. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the dimensional deviation of TPMS lattices before print is a key topic. This study focused on prediction of dimensional deviation of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) produced gyroid, diamond, primitive, IWP and Fisher-Koch lattices by using thermomechanical simulations. TPMS type, unit cell size, volume fraction, functional grading and part orientation were selected as design variables. Results showed that all the design inputs have effects on dimensional accuracy of LPBF produced parts and TPMS type has the most critical factor. Based on analysis of variance analysis, an optimum lattice configuration was proposed to obtain the lowest dimensional deviation after LPBF build.
Invariant measures for random piecewise convex maps
Authors: Inoue Tomoki , Toyokawa Hisayoshi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We establish the existence of Lebesgue-equivalent conservative and ergodic

σ

-finite invariant measures for a wide class of one-dimensional random maps consisting of piecewise convex maps. We also estimate the size of invariant measures around a small neighbourhood of a fixed point where the invariant density functions may diverge. Application covers random intermittent maps with critical points or flat points. We also illustrate that the size of invariant measures tends to infinite for random maps whose right branches exhibit a strongly contracting property on average, so that they have a strong recurrence to a fixed point.
Evaluation of calibrated and uncalibrated optical imaging approaches for relative cerebral oxygen metabolism measurements in awake mice
Authors: Toader A E , Fukuda M , Vazquez A L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. The continuous delivery of oxygen is critical to sustain brain function, and therefore, measuring brain oxygen consumption can provide vital physiological insight. In this work, we examine the impact of calibration and cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements on the computation of the relative changes in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (rCMRO2) from hemoglobin-sensitive intrinsic optical imaging data. Using these data, we calculate rCMRO2, and calibrate the model using an isometabolic stimulus. Approach. We used awake head-fixed rodents to obtain hemoglobin-sensitive optical imaging data to test different calibrated and uncalibrated rCMRO2 models. Hypercapnia was used for calibration and whisker stimulation was used to test the impact of calibration. Main results. We found that typical uncalibrated models can provide reasonable estimates of rCMRO2 with differences as small as 7%–9% compared to their calibrated models. However, calibrated models showed lower variability and less dependence on baseline hemoglobin concentrations. Lastly, we found that supplying the model with measurements of CBF significantly reduced error and variability in rCMRO2 change calculations. Significance. The effect of calibration on rCMRO2 calculations remains understudied, and we systematically evaluated different rCMRO2 calculation scenarios that consider including different measurement combinations. This study provides a quantitative comparison of these scenarios to evaluate trade-offs that can be vital to the design of blood oxygenation sensitive imaging experiments for rCMRO2 calculation.
Octupole deformation in two-quasiparticle states of even–even deformed nuclei
Authors: Bonneau L , Kontowicz N , Minkov N , Koh Meng-Hock 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Following the Skyrme-Hartree–Fock-BCS approach with blocking to two-quasiparticle states describing K-isomeric states of deformed even–even nuclei as presented in an earlier work of some of us Minkov N et al (2022 Phys. Rev. C
105 044 329), we study the emergence of axial-octupole deformation in excited states of this nature. We select two representative nuclei in the rare-earth and actinide mass regions, namely 148Ce (octupole-deformed in its ground state) and 234U (with a left-right symmetric ground-state shape), and several low-lying two-quasiparticle configurations illustrating cases where, in the same nucleus, some such excited states are calculated to be octupole deformed and some others are not. Then we investigate the mechanism favoring the appearance of left-right asymmetric shapes in the two-quasiparticle excited states of one-particle-one-hole type. We find in particular that strong octupole coupling between the blocked hole and particle states of a two-quasiparticle configuration does not favor pear-like shapes. In contrast, octupole coupling of the blocked particle (resp. hole) state with another particle (resp. hole) state located slightly above (resp. below) it in the single-particle spectrum favors pear-like shapes in the two-quasiparticle state.
Insights and potentials of two-dimensional black phosphorous-based solar cells
Authors: Thirugnanasambandan Theivasanthi , Karuppaiah Chinnaiah , Sankar Balaguru Venkatesh , Gopinath Subash C B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The development of advanced materials, new device architectures and fabrication processes will lead to more utilization of renewable energy sources like solar energy. Solar energy can be harvested more effectively using solar cells incorporated with advanced nanomaterials. Black phosphorus (BP) is a two-dimensional material in which the layers are stacked together through van der Waals forces. The electrical and optical properties of the material are much more suitable for use in solar cell applications. BP nanosheets have optoelectronic properties such as tunable bandgap (0.3 eV − 2.0 eV) and high carrier mobility that make them as suitable candidates for solar cells. Also, BP is able to absorb a wide range of light energy in the electromagnetic spectrum. Being a p-type semiconductor, BP finds applications in optoelectronic and semiconductor- devices. The optical absorption of the material is determined by its structural orientation. The material also possesses the high in-plane anisotropic band dispersion near the Fermi level in the Brillouin zone which results in a high direction-dependent optical and electronic properties. The major limitation of the material is its stability since it is degraded under the illumination of light. BP is used as an electron transport layer in solar cells similar to ZnO, TiO2 and graphene. BP can also be integrated with hole transport layers and active materials. Research efforts have shown that BP and its derivatives have more potential to produce high efficiency solar cells. The application of BP in various solar cells and the enhancement in the efficiency of solar cells such as organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells and silicon solar cells are discussed in this review.
The qualitative properties of 1D mixed-type Potts-SOS model with 1-spin and its dynamical behavior
Authors: Akın Hasan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, we consider the one-dimensional (1D) mixed-type Potts-SOS model, where the spin is within the range of {−1, 0, 1}. We elaborate thermodynamic characteristics of 1D Potts-SOS model through the application of three distinct analytical approaches. We provide a brief overview of all translation-invariant splitting Gibbs measures (TISGMs) applicable to this model. For the model with a boundary field condition, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the uniqueness and non-uniqueness properties of the subset of fully homogeneous splitting Gibbs masures (SGMs). Our demonstration reveals that the model under consideration does not exhibit a phase transition phenomenon. We are also curious in the stability study of the suggested fixed points associated with the Gibbs measures. We show that the magnetization decreases to zero. By means of the transfer matrix method, we compute the free energy, entropy and internal energy of the model.
Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using turnip root (Brassica rapa subsp. Rapa) extract and their antibacterial efficacy
Authors: Alazzawi Ali H , Al-Tamimi Basma H , S Abed Mayyadah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Biosynthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), especially those synthesised by plant extracts, are extensively utilised in the fields of pharmacy and medicine due to their ability to exhibit a wide range of biological functions. The current study is focused on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from various concentrated silver nitrate solutions using turnip root extract as a reducing and stabilising agent and to assess the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of these AgNPs. For the study, we employed microwave-assisted reduction to examine the impact of microwave energy on the resulting AgNPs in comparison to the conventional heating method. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the crystalline nature of the as-prepared AgNPs, while field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed the majority of spherical-shaped AgNPs had an average grain size of 47.5 nm. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) indicates the high weight percentage of the produced AgNPs than for extract residue, especially for the AgNPs that are prepared with microwave assistance. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to reveal the functional groups that are related to many phytochemical compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, which act as reducing and stabilizing agents. High zeta potential measures (−22.77 and −38.83 mv) approved the high stability of the synthesised AgNPs as higher zeta potentials typically correlate with greater stability. The antibacterial activity behaviour of the produced NPs against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was significantly acceptable for both heating techniques, as observed from the measured inhibition zone.
Electronic states in GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs core/shell cylindrical quantum wires
Authors: Qasem M R , Machichi S , Touiss T , Falyouni F , Bria D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cylindrical quantum wires (CQWRs) based on GaAs/

Al

x

B

Ga

1
−

x

B

As

/GaAs core/shell semiconductors are multilayer semiconductor nanostructures that exhibit interesting electronic properties. In this study, we explore in detail the electronic band structure and electronic transmission spectrum in these core/shell CQWRs in relation to various parameters such as inner and outer shell radius and aluminum-doping rate. Using Green’s function formalism, an advanced theoretical approach to solving Schrödinger’s equation in the effective mass approximation, taking into account the confinement potential of the cylindrical geometry. The results show that as the difference between the outer and inner radii of the shell increases, the number of electronic states increases due to the weakening of geometric confinement. In addition, as the concentration of Aluminum in the shell increases, the electronic states move to higher energies, due to the increase in confinement by the height of the potential. This study aims to provide an overview of the electronic states in core/shell nanowires, due to modification in Al molar concentration and shell size; they offer advantages such as better electronic transmission. We can control the electronic band structure of this nanowire, which can be used to fabricate high-performance electronic devices such as transistors, diodes and sensors.
Translocation of polymers through a wide-open conical pore
Authors: Sharma Andri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The transport of biomolecules across a cell membrane is an important phenomenon that plays a pivotal role in the functioning of biological cells. In this paper, we investigate such processes by modeling the translocation of polymers through a conical channel, directed from the wider opening to the narrow end of the conical channel. We use the molecular dynamics approach to study the problem. The effect of the different conical pore geometry and polymer lengths on translocation dynamics is determined from the behavior of the total translocation time, τ, and the waiting time distributions, w(s). The escape of polymer segments from the narrow end of the conical channel is tracked by studying the escape velocity profile (〈v

i
〉). To demonstrate the asymmetric pore effects on the translocation dynamics, we compare the translocation process from both the terminals: the wider-opening and the narrow-end of the conical channel. We find striking differences in the translocation dynamics for both processes, which are in agreement with the experimental study. We have accounted for the effect of various rigidity, and increasing length of a polymer chain, on both types of processes. This computational study can be used to underline the translocation process from different conical pores.
Short-range-order degree dominated physical and mechanical properties of refractory multi-principal element alloys: a first-principles study
Authors: Yu Libo , Li Jia , Liaw Peter K , Fang Qihong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The degree of short-range order (SRO) can influence the physical and mechanical properties of refractory multi-principal element alloys (RMPEAs). Here, the effect of SRO degree on the atomic configuration and properties of the equiatomic TiTaZr RMPEA is investigated using the first-principles calculations. Their key roles on the lattice parameters, binding energy, elastic properties, electronic structure, and stacking fault energy (SFE) are analyzed. The results show the degree of SRO has a significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of TiTaZr. During the SRO degree increasing in TiTaZr lattice, the low SRO degree exacerbates the lattice distortion and the high SRO degree reduces the lattice distortion. The high degree of SRO improves the binding energy and elastic stiffness of the TiTaZr. By analyzing the change in charge density, this change is caused by the atomic bias generated during the formation of the SRO, which leading to a change in charge-density thereby affecting the metal bond polarity and inter-atomic forces. The high SRO degree also reduces SFE, which means the capability of plastic deformation of the TiTaZr is enhanced.
Induced gravitational waves from non-attractor inflation and NANOGrav data
Authors: Nassiri-Rad Amin , Asadi Kosar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the scalar-induced gravitational waves in single-field non-attractor inflation for the Pulsar Timing Arrays data. Our model comprises three phases of inflation: the first and third phases are slow-roll inflation, while the second phase is a period of non-attractor inflation. We analyze the model's predictions for various values of the sound speed cs
and examine the sharp transitions to the final attractor phase. Furthermore, we study the model's predictions for NANOGrav observations and future gravitational wave observations. We also calculate the non-Gaussianity parameter fNL
for the non-attractor setup with a general sound speed and the sharpness parameter.
A stacked search for spatial coincidences between IceCube neutrinos and radio pulsars
Authors: Pasumarti Vibhavasu , Desai Shantanu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We carry out a stacked search for spatial coincidences between all the known radio pulsars
and TeV neutrinos from the IceCube 10 year (2008–2018) muon track data, as a followup to our
previous work on searching for spatial coincidences with individual pulsars. We consider three
different weighting schemes to stack the contributions from each pulsar. We do not find a
statistically significant excess using this method. We report the 95% c.l. neutrino flux upper
limit as a function of the neutrino energy. We have also made our analysis codes
publicly available.
Effect of distribution shape on the melting transition, local ordering, and dynamics in a model size-polydisperse two-dimensional fluid
Authors: Pame Jackson , Shagolsem Lenin S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study the effect of particle size polydispersity (δ) on the melting transition (T
*), local ordering, solid–liquid coexistence phase and dynamics of two-dimensional Lennard–Jones fluids up to moderate polydispersity by means of computer simulations. The particle sizes are drawn at random from the Gaussian (G) and uniform (U) distribution functions. For these systems, we further consider two different kinds of particles, viz., particles having the same mass irrespective of size, and in the other case the mass of the particle scales with its size. It is observed that with increasing polydispersity, the value of T
* initially increases due to improved packing efficiency (ϕ) followed by a decrease and terminates at δ ≈ 8% (U-system) and 14% (G-system) with no significant difference for both mass types. The interesting observation is that the particular value at which ϕ drops suddenly coincides with the peak of the heat capacity (CP
) curve, indicating a transition. The quantification of local particle ordering through the hexatic order parameter (Q
6), Voronoi construction and pair correlation function reveals that the ordering decreases with increasing δ and T. Furthermore, the solid–liquid coexistence region for the G-system is shown to be comparatively wider in the T–δ plane phase diagram than that for the U system. Finally, the study of dynamics reveals that polydisperse systems relax faster compared to monodisperse systems; however, no significant qualitative differences, depending on the distribution type and mass polydispersity, are observed.
Kinetic-ballooning-limited pedestals in spherical tokamak plasmas
Authors: Parisi J.F. , Guttenfelder W. , Nelson A.O. , Gaur R. , Kleiner A. , Lampert M. , Avdeeva G. , Berkery J.W. , Clauser C. , Curie M. , Diallo A. , Dorland W. , Kaye S.M. , McClenaghan J. , Parra F.I. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A theoretical model is presented that for the first time matches experimental measurements of the pedestal width-height Diallo scaling in the low-aspect-ratio high-β tokamak NSTX. Combining linear gyrokinetics with self-consistent pedestal equilibrium variation, kinetic-ballooning, rather than ideal-ballooning plasma instability, is shown to limit achievable confinement in spherical tokamak pedestals. Simulations are used to find the novel Gyrokinetic Critical Pedestal constraint, which determines the steepest pressure profile a pedestal can sustain subject to gyrokinetic instability. Gyrokinetic width-height scaling expressions for NSTX pedestals with varying density and temperature profiles are obtained. These scalings for STs depart significantly from that of conventional aspect ratio tokamaks.