bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Deprivation and Health Care Use in Patients Enrolled in SWOG Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Hershman Dawn L. , Vaidya Riha , Till Cathee , Barlow William , LeBlanc Mike , Ramsey Scott , Unger Joseph M. 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceReducing acute care use is an important strategy for improving value. Patients with cancer are at risk for unplanned emergency department (ED) visits and hospital stays (HS). Clinical trial patients have homogeneous treatment; despite this, structural barriers to care may independently impact acute care use.ObjectiveTo examine whether ED visits and HS within 12 months of trial enrollment are more common among Medicare enrollees who live in areas of socioeconomic deprivation or have Medicaid insurance.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included patients with cancer who were 65 years or older and treated in SWOG Cancer Research Network trials from 1999 to 2018 using data linked to Medicare claims. Data were collected from 1999 to 2019 and analyzed from 2022 to 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes were ED visits, HS, and costs in the first year following enrollment. Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was measured using patients’ zip code linked to the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), measured on a 0 to 100 scale for increasing deprivation and categorized into tertiles (T1 to T3). Type of insurance was classified as Medicare with or without commercial insurance vs dual Medicare and Medicaid. Demographic, clinical, and prognostic factors were captured from trial records. Multivariable regression was used, and the association of ADI and insurance with each outcome was considered separately.ResultsIn total, 3027 trial participants were analyzed. The median (range) age was 71 (65-98) years, 1280 (32.3%) were female, 221 (7.3%) were Black patients, 2717 (89.8%) were White patients, 90 (3.0%) had Medicare and Medicaid insurance, and 660 (22.3%) were in the areas of highest deprivation (ADI-T3). In all, 1094 patients (36.1%) had an ED visit and 983 patients (32.4%) had an HS. In multivariable generalized estimating equation, patients living in areas categorized as ADI-T3 were more likely to have an ED visit (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.10-1.62; P = .004). A similar but nonsignificant pattern was observed for HS (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.96-1.93; P = .08). Patients from areas with the highest deprivation had a 62% increase in risk of either an ED visit or HS (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.25-2.09; P &amp;lt; .001). Patients with Medicare and Medicaid were 96% more likely to have an ED visit (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.56-2.46; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort of older patients enrolled in clinical trials, neighborhood deprivation and economic disadvantage were associated with an increase in ED visits and HS. Efforts are needed to ensure adequate resources to prevent unplanned use of acute care in socioeconomically vulnerable populations.
Highly Sodiophilic Heterostructures Toward Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yu Yongshi , Xu Shitan , Yang Yang , Yao Yu , Ali Ghulam , Tao Zetian , Rui Xianhong , Yu Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe utilization of Al current collector for the sodium deposition is considered ideal for achieving a low‐cost, high‐energy‐density sodium metal battery. However, the poor affinity between sodium and Al leads to uneven sodium plating/stripping, which poses a significant challenge in the pursuit of a stable sodium metal anode. Herein, a heterostructure (V/VOx)‐modified Al current collector is proposed, which effectively enables a highly reversible Na plating/stripping process, and inhibits Na dendrites growth. Experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the V/VOx@Al not only exhibits strong sodiophilicity, but also ensures a uniform current density distribution. Thanks to these merits, the assembled cells demonstrate excellent performances with low nucleation overpotential (11 mV at 1 mA cm−2), and long cycle life (2750 h) with minimal voltage polarization (13 mV at 1 mA cm−2). More impressively, the assembled full cell displays remarkable stability, sustaining 1400 cycles at 10 C. This work provides valuable insights for the development of more stable sodium metal batteries.
Chondrocyte‐Targeted Delivery System of Sortase A‐Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Silencing MMP13 for Osteoarthritis Therapy
Authors: Yan Wenjing , Li Ying , Xie Shuqian , Tao W. Andy , Hu Jing , Liu Haohan , Zhang Guiyuan , Liu Fengying , Nie Yamei , Chen Xue , Zhang Xing , Liu Yufeng , Wei Dong , Ma Changyan , Zhang Hao , Xu Hongtao , Wang Shizhi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTargeted drug delivery and the reduction of off‐target effects are crucial for the promising clinical application of nucleic acid drugs. To address this challenge, a new approach for treating osteoarthritis (OA) that accurately delivers antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeting matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (ASO‐MMP13) to chondrocytes, is developed. Small extracellular vesicles (exos) are ligated with chondrocyte affinity peptide (CAP) using Sortase A and subsequently incubated with cholesterol‐modified ASO‐MMP13 to construct a chondrocyte‐targeted drug delivery exo (CAP‐exoASO). Compared with exos without CAP (ExoASO), CAP‐exoASOs attenuate IL‐1β‐induced chondrocyte damage and prolong the retention time of ASO‐MMP13 in the joint without distribution in major organs following intra‐articular injection. Notably, CAP‐exoASOs decrease MMP13 expression (P < 0.001) and upregulate COL2A1 expression (P = 0.006), resulting in reorganization of the cartilage matrix and alleviation of progression in the OA model. Furthermore, the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score of articular cartilage tissues treated with CAP‐exoASO is comparable with that of healthy rats (P = 0.148). A mechanistic study demonstrates that CAP‐exoASO may reduce inflammation by suppressing the IL‐17 and TNF signaling pathways. Based on the targeted delivery effect, CAP‐exoASOs successfully accomplish cartilage repair and have considerable potential for development as a promising therapeutic modality for satisfactory OA therapy.
Ordered Vacancies as Sodium Ion Micropumps in Cu‐Deficient Copper Indium Diselenide to Enhance Sodium Storage
Authors: Liu Fan , Zong Jingui , Liang Yazhan , Zhang Mingzhe , Song Kepeng , Mi Liwei , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin , Xi Baojuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnordered vacancies engineered in host anode materials cannot well maintain the uniform Na+ adsorbed and possibly render the local structural stress intense, resulting in electrode peeling and battery failure. Here, the indium is first introduced into Cu2Se to achieve the formation of CuInSe2. Next, an ion extraction strategy is employed to fabricate Cu0.54In1.15Se2 enriched with ordered vacancies by spontaneous formation of defect pairs. Such ordered defects, compared with unordered ones, can serve as myriad sodium ion micropumps evenly distributing in crystalline host to homogenize the adsorbed Na+ and the generated volumetric stress during the electrochemistry. Furthermore, Cu0.54In1.15Se2 is indeed proved by the calculations to exhibit smaller volumetric variation than the counterpart with unordered vacancies. Thanks to the distinct ordered vacancy structure, the material exhibits a highly reversible capacity of 428 mAh g−1 at 1 C and a high‐rate stability of 311.7 mAh g−1 at 10 C after 5000 cycles when employed as an anode material for Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). This work presents the promotive effect of ordered vacancies on the electrochemistry of SIBs and demonstrates the superiority to unordered vacancies, which is expected to extend it to other metal‐ion batteries, not limited to SIBs to achieve high capacity and cycling stability.
Cutaneous Calcium/Calmodulin‐Dependent Protein Kinase II‐γ–Positive Sympathetic Nerves Secreting Norepinephrine Dictate Psoriasis
Authors: Yu Yafen , Chen Weiwei , Li Bao , Li Zhuo , Wang Yirui , Mao Yiwen , Fan Wencheng , Bai Yuanming , Hu Hongbo , Zhen Qi , Sun Liangdan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCutaneous sympathetic nerve is a crucial part of neuropsychiatric factors contributing to skin immune response, but its role in the psoriasis pathogenesis remains unclear. It is found that cutaneous calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II‐γ (CAMK2γ), expressed mainly in sympathetic nerves, is activated by stress and imiquimod in mouse skin. Camk2g‐deficient mice exhibits attenuated imiquimod‐induced psoriasis‐like manifestations and skin inflammation. CaMK2γ regulates dermal γδT‐cell interleukin‐17 production in imiquimod‐treated mice, dependent on norepinephrine production following cutaneous sympathetic nerve activation. Adrenoceptor β1, the primary skin norepinephrine receptor, colocalises with γδT cells. CaMK2γ aggravates psoriasiform inflammation via sympathetic nerve–norepinephrine–γδT cell–adrenoceptor β1–nuclear factor‐κB and –p38 axis activation. Application of alcaftadine, a small‐molecule CaMK2γ inhibitor, relieves imiquimod‐induced psoriasis‐like manifestations in mice. This study reveals the mechanisms of sympathetic‐nervous‐system regulation of γδT‐cell interleukin‐17 secretion, and provides insight into neuropsychiatric factors dictating psoriasis pathogenesis and new potential targets for clinical psoriasis treatment.
Frequency Response of MAPbI3 Perovskites for Photodetection Application
Authors: Soriano‐Díaz Sandra , Solis Omar E. , Ramírez‐Muñoz Diego , Boix Pablo P. , Martínez‐Pastor Juan P. , Suárez Isaac 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe frequency response of the photocurrent (Iph) generated in perovskite photodetectors is a crucial issue in imaging or telecommunication applications, although it is briefly discussed in the literature. The present work obtains for the first time the complete expression of the Iph generated on MAPbI3 (MA:methylamoniumI) perovskite polycrystalline thin films. A conditioning circuit is used to extract Iph at 1 V of bias voltage under a square‐modulated laser excitation with a sensitivity smaller than 1 nW and a linear dynamic range LDR > 200 dB; It allows an accurate determination of the module of Iph together with the phase, which is not usually reported in photodetector systems. The frequency domain analysis reveals that Iph can be modeled by two fractional poles located at low (10 kHz) and high (39–250 kHz) cut‐off frequencies. Optimum geometrical parameters and excitation fluence are found for the wider response, resulting for the best device on a cut off frequency up to 250 kHz, and the reproduction of square‐modulated optical waves up to 100 kHz. These results represent an important strategy toward the electrical analysis of MAPbI3 (or other perovskite materials) for the design of posterior electronic stages, optimization of devices and determination of their figures of merit.
Crack‐Free Single‐Crystalline LiNiO2 for High Energy Density All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Lee Dongsoo , Mesnier Alex , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSingle‐crystalline layered oxide (LiNi1‐x‐yMnxCoyO2) cathodes have been found to exhibit exceptional electrochemical properties when coupled with various inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). Their advantages stem from the robust morphological integrity with the absence of grain boundaries and the high electrochemical oxidative stability. Here, ASSBs featuring single‐crystalline LiNiO2 (LNO) with the highest Ni content are reported, offering a high theoretical specific capacity of 275 mAh g‐1 alongside a high average discharge voltage (3.7 V vs Li+/Li). Through a careful investigation, it is demonstrated that micron‐sized single‐crystalline LNO (µSC‐LNO) composite cathodes with a halide ISE exhibit a high initial discharge capacity of 205 mAh g‐1 with an outstanding cycle performance over 200 cycles in room‐temperature ASSBs. The significance of engineering parameters is emphasized, such as particle size and specific density, in promoting a homogeneous and fast Li+ transport within the composite cathodes. Furthermore, the formation of undesirable interphase between the halide ISE in the cathode and sulfide ISE separator is elucidated, which may be a critical factor impeding long‐term cyclability of ASSBs. This work provides insights into the design of composite cathodes for high‐energy‐density ASSBs.
Integrated Bayesian parameter estimation with model‐based design of experiments for dynamic processes
Authors: Cao Xinyu , Chen Xi , Biegler Lorenz T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegration of Bayesian parameter estimation (BPE) with model‐based design of experiments (MBDoE) aims to estimate process parameters efficiently and systematically. To achieve more efficient use of resources by iteratively selecting informative experiments based on current knowledge about the parameters, an integrated method with BPE and MBDoE is proposed in this article. A built‐in Markov Chain Monte Carlo is also developed to yield not only the distribution profile of the estimated parameters but also aid in the determination of stopping criteria and the estimation of noise. Two applications of dynamic batch reactor systems are presented. Comparative analysis substantiates the superior performance of this approach in terms of parameter accuracy and the efficiency of experimentation.
Hydrothermal synthesis of highly cross‐linked PtZn@Silicalite‐1 structured catalysts for propane dehydrogenation
Authors: Xia Liming , Zhang Bofeng , Hou Gang , Wang Li , Liu Sibao , Liu Guozhu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStructured catalysts coatings exhibit excellent performance on non‐adiabatic gas–solid process, deriving from their enhanced heat and mass transfer properties. However, the coating catalysts prepared by traditional hydrothermal method of zeolite encapsulating noble metal are prone to spalling, especially under conditions of large flow rate and high temperature. Herein, we prepared PtZn clusters encapsulated in silicalite‐1 zeolite coating on stainless steel with high bonding strength by an improved in situ growth method. The optimized catalyst exhibited ultra‐thin, uniform, continuous, and high degree of crosslinking, thereby enhancing mass transfer and thermal stability. In propane dehydrogenation reaction, the optimized PtZn@S‐1‐R showed a high specific activity of 14.7 molPt−1 s−1 and a propylene selectivity above 99% at 600°C with a high weight hourly space velocity of 120 h−1. The metal‐encapsulated zeolite coating catalysts broaden the application avenue for heterogeneous catalysis with great application prospects.
Redox Molecular Junction Metal‐Covalent Organic Frameworks for Light‐assisted CO2 Energy Storage
Authors: Chang Jia‐Nan , Li Shan , Li Qi , Wang Jian‐Hui , Guo Can , Wang Yi‐Rong , Chen Yifa , Li Shun‐Li , Lan Ya‐Qian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVisible‐light sensitive and bi‐functionally favored CO2 reduction (CRR)/evolution (CER) photocathode catalysts that can get rid of the utilization of ultraviolet light and improve sluggish kinetics is demanded to conquer the current technique‐barrier of traditional Li‐CO2 battery. Here, a kind of redox molecular junction sp2c metal‐covalent organic framework (i.e. Cu3‐BTDE‐COF) has been prepared through the connection between Cu3 and BTDE and can serve as efficient photocathode catalyst in light‐assisted Li‐CO2 battery. Cu3‐BTDE‐COF with redox‐ability, visible‐light‐adsorption region, electron‐hole separation ability and endows the photocathode with excellent round‐trip efficiency (95.2 %) and an ultralow voltage hysteresis (0.18 V), outperforming the Schiff base COFs (i.e. Cu3‐BTDA‐COF and Cu3‐DT‐COF) and majority of the reported photocathode catalysts. Combined theoretical calculations with characterizations, Cu3‐BTDE‐COF with the integration of Cu3 centers, thiazole and cyano groups possess strong CO2 adsorption/activation and Li+ interaction/diffusion ability to boost the CRR/CER kinetics and related battery property.
Network Polymer Properties Engineered Through Polymer Backbone Dispersity and Structure
Authors: Raji Ibrahim O. , Dodo Obed J. , Saha Nirob K. , Eisenhart Mary , Miller Kevin M. , Whitfield Richard , Anastasaki Athina , Konkolewicz Dominik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDispersity (Ð or Mw/Mn) is an important parameter in material design and as such can significantly impact the properties of polymers. Here, polymer networks with independent control over the molecular weight and dispersity of the linear chains that form the material are developed. Using a RAFT polymerization approach, a library of polymers with dispersity ranging from 1.2—1.9 for backbone chain‐length (DP) 100, and 1.4—3.1 for backbone chain‐length 200 were developed and transformed to networks through post‐polymerization crosslinking to form disulfide linkers. The tensile, swelling, and adhesive properties were explored, finding that both at DP 100 and DP 200 the swelling ratio, tensile strength, and extensibility were superior at intermediate dispersity (1.3—1.5 for DP 100 and 1.6—2.1 for DP 200) compared to materials with either substantially higher or lower dispersity. Furthermore, adhesive properties for materials with chains of intermediate dispersity at DP 200 revealed enhanced performance compared to the very low or high dispersity chains.
Raman spectroscopy and one‐dimensional convolutional neural network modeling as a real‐time monitoring tool for in vitro transaminase‐catalyzed synthesis of a pharmaceutically relevant amine precursor
Authors: Madsen Julie Østerby , Topalian Sebastian Olivier Nymann , Jacobsen Mikkel Fog , Skovby Tommy , Gernaey Krist V. , Myerson Allan S. , Woodley John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has been used to measure the concentration of a pharmaceutically relevant model amine intermediate for positive allosteric modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in a ω‐transaminase‐catalyzed conversion. A model based on a one‐dimensional convolutional neural network was developed to translate raw data augmented Raman spectra directly into substrate concentrations, with which the conversion from ketone to amine by ω‐transaminase could be determined over time. The model showed very good predictive capabilities, with R2 values higher than 0.99 for the spectra included in the modeling and 0.964 for an independent dataset. However, the model could not extrapolate outside the concentrations specified by the model. The presented work shows the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a real‐time monitoring tool for biocatalytic reactions.
Relationship between educational level and survival of patients with cancer: A multicentre cohort study
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Yue , Zhang Xi , Ruan Guo‐Tian , Zheng Xin , Chen Yue , Zhang Xiao‐Wei , Liu Tong , Ge Yi‐Zhong , Shi Han‐Ping ,   INSCOC Group
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough socioeconomic factors are important determinants of population mortality, the effect of educational level on the survival of patients with cancer in China is unclear. This study aimed to assess whether educational level is associated with the prognosis of patients with cancer and to explore the mediators of this association.MethodsThis multicentre cohort study included 18,251 patients diagnosed with cancer between May 2013 and December 2018. The main parameters measured were overall survival (OS) and all‐cause mortality. The relationship between educational level and all‐cause mortality was assessed using multifactor‐corrected Cox survival analysis. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between educational level and patient‐generated subjective global assessment (PG‐SGA).ResultsThe mean age of the 18,251 participants (men, 9939 [54.4%]) was 57.37 ± 11.66 years. Multifactorial survival analysis showed that patients survived longer with increasing education (university and above vs. elementary school and below; p = p = <0.001, HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.77–0.92), and the differences were statistically significant in different subgroups. The potential impact factors included sex, age, TNM stage, and PG‐SGA score. Logistic regression showed a significant negative association between educational level and the modifiable factor PG‐SGA (secondary vs. primary and below; p = 0.004, HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83–0.97; university and above vs. primary and below; p < 0.001, HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71–0.88).ConclusionsEducational level was a significant prognostic factor for patients with cancer, independent of other known prognostic factors. This association was further improved by modifying the nutritional status.
Inconsistency in steroid use as antiemetics in clinical trial protocols involving immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy
Authors: Park Soh Mee , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Ju‐Yeun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the use of steroids as antiemetics in clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors with chemotherapy.MethodsFocusing on phase III trials registered before August 2023, it evaluated the consistency of steroid use guidelines.ResultsOut of 3452 trials screened, 44 were selected for in‐depth review. The findings indicate a considerable variation: 13 trials did not specify the use of antiemetics, while 31 provided criteria for antiemetics, with 13 conforming to local standards, six to international guidelines, and five allowing either. Seven trials recommended effective antiemetics without detailed criteria. This inconsistency led to a range of steroid dosages, with only 11 trials advocating for minimizing or avoiding steroids for antiemetic purposes.ConclusionThe research highlights the lack of uniformity in antiemetic steroid use in trials, reflecting diverse clinical practices and underscoring the need for further research to understand the implications on treatment outcomes.
Early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through machine‐learning‐drivenprediction model in apopulation‐basedhealthcare record database
Authors: Chen Jeng‐Wen , Lin Shih‐Tsang , Lin Yi‐Chun , Wang Bo‐Sian , Chien Yu‐Ning , Chiou Hung‐Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveEarly diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are vital for a better prognosis. Still, because of obscure anatomical sites and insidious symptoms, nearly 80% of patients with NPC are diagnosed at a late stage. This study aimed to validate a machine learning (ML) model utilizing symptom‐related diagnoses and procedures in medical records to predict nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) occurrence and reduce the prediagnostic period.Materials and MethodsData from a population‐based health insurance database (2001–2008) were analyzed, comparing adults with and without newly diagnosed NPC. Medical records from 90 to 360 days before diagnosis were examined. Five ML algorithms (Light Gradient Boosting Machine [LGB], eXtreme Gradient Boosting [XGB], Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines [MARS], Random Forest [RF], and Logistics Regression [LG]) were evaluated for optimal early NPC detection. We further use a real‐world data of 1 million individuals randomly selected for testing the final model. Model performance was assessed using AUROC. Shapley values identified significant contributing variables.ResultsLGB showed maximum predictive power using 14 features and 90 days before diagnosis. The LGB models achieved AUROC, specificity, and sensitivity were 0.83, 0.81, and 0.64 for the test dataset, respectively. The LGB‐driven NPC predictive tool effectively differentiated patients into high‐risk and low‐risk groups (hazard ratio: 5.85; 95% CI: 4.75–7.21). The model‐layering effect is valid.ConclusionsML approaches using electronic medical records accurately predicted NPC occurrence. The risk prediction model serves as a low‐cost digital screening tool, offering rapid medical decision support to shorten prediagnostic periods. Timely referral is crucial for high‐risk patients identified by the model.