bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extrahepatic biliary drainage in experimental liver injury
Authors: Faris Irwin 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case has been made by many authors for the routine drainage of the biliary tract in patients with liver injuries, and this case is summarized. To test the logic of such treatment the outcome of a standard lethal injury in dogs was studied and was found not to be influenced by drainage of the common bile-duct. Survival was improved by excision of the damaged tissue. The experimental evidence does not support the practice of routine drainage of the extrahepatic biliary tract.
Idiopathic pseudomembranous colitis successfully treated by surgical excision
Authors: Jackson B T , Anders C J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case is presented of acute idiopathic pseudomembranous colitis successfully treated by panproctocolectomy. The barium enema showed “thumb printing”, an appearance normally associated with ischaemic colitis. The histology of the specimen, however, did not confirm an ischaemic aetiology.
The battered buttock syndrome-fat fractures a report on a group of traumatic lipomata
Authors: Meggitt B F , Wilson J N 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A group of 12 women with traumatic fat swellings around the buttock region is presented. The structure of the subcutaneous tissue and the mechanism in formation of the lipomata are described. Treatment of the essentially cosmetic deformity is discussed and excision of the lipomatous mass is advised when symptoms indicate this.
Wound antibiotics in gastro-intestinal surgery comparison of ampicillin with penicillin and sulphadiazine
Authors: Stoker T A M , Ellis Harold 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Ampicillin was compared with a penicillin and sulphadiazine combination as a topical wound application in patients undergoing biliary or gastrointestinal surgery in a controlled study. Eleven of the 53 patients having a topical application of penicillin and sulphadiazine developed wound sepsis (20·8 per cent) compared with 4 of the 59 patients receiving ampicillin (6·8 per cent). This difference is significant (P&lt;0·01).
Mediastinoscopy. An analysis of 320 consecutive cases
Authors: Gunstensen J , Wade J D 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Three hundred and twenty consecutive cases of mediastinoscopy are analysed. Mediastinoscopy is a safe procedure and causes little disturbance to the patient.The preoperative assessment of patients with presumably resectable bronchial carcinoma was the main indication for mediastinoscopy, and its use was associated with a fall in the non-resectability rate at thoracotomy from 28 to 15 per cent over two 3-year periods.The policy of exclusion from exploratory thoracotomy of patients with bronchial carcinoma and mediastinal lymph-node metastases is discussed in relation to the histological nature of the lesion and the site and extent of the mediastinal node involvement.It is concluded that there is a case for offering resection to selected patients with limited mediastinal node invasion from bronchial carcinoma.The value of mediastinoscopy as a diagnostic procedure for mediastinal and pulmonary hilar masses and for undiagnosed pulmonary opacities is shown.
A new non-invasive technique for assessment of superficial femoral artery obstruction
Authors: Woodcock J P , Gosling R G , Fitzgerald D E 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A transcutaneous technique is described utilizing two ultrasonic Doppler-shift flow-velocity meters simultaneously at sites down the arterial system of the leg in patients with superficial femoral disease. The change in shape of the blood-velocity/time wave-form over the cardiac cycle and the pulse propagation time between the two sites are measured. The transit time and change in pulse shape are used to assess limb viability. This method is compared with two other non-invasive techniques: whole-limb flow measured by a strain-gauge plethysmograph and with the systolic pressure difference between the arm and the calf. It is shown that as the pulse propagation time and the degree of damping of the blood-velocity/time wave-form increase, then limb perfusion decreases, and a nomogram is presented relating these parameters.
Crossed renal ectopia without fusion associated with carcinoma of the renal pelvis a case report
Authors: Castro J E , Ashken M Handley 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case of crossed renal ectopia complicated by hydronephrosis, calculus, pyelonephritis, and tumour is described. The aetiology of the complications is discussed and the incidence of tumours in non-fused, crossed renal ectopia is described.
A case of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta associated with hypothermia
Authors: Thompson M R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
This communication reports a case of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta. The literature on this subject is reviewed, the problem of diagnosis is discussed, and the importance of acute hypertension as a diagnostic sign is stressed. In view of the fact that the hypertension in the case reported here occurred in the presence of good femoral pulses and persisted after operation, the cause of the hypertension may not be simply an acute coarctation syndrome but may be due to damage to the cardiac plexuses around the site of rupture. It also emphasizes the importance of not rewarming severely traumatized hypothermic patients until facilities are available to replace blood-loss.
Twelve-hour liver preservation in the pig using hypothermia and hyperbaric oxygen
Authors: Spilg Harold , Uys C J , Hickman Rosemary , Saunders Stuart J , Terblanche John 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
In an attempt to prolong successful storage of the pig liver beyond the 6–8 hours previously described from this laboratory, the addition of cell-membranestabilizing drugs to the preserving solution and the use of a potassium-rich solution were investigated. Using simple hypothermia alone, 10- and 12-hour storage was unsuccessful. Using the previously described hypothermic technique, but with the addition of hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atmospheres absolute (A.T.A.), consistently successful 12-hour preservation was achieved.
Choledochoduodenostom a reappraisal of its indications based on a study of 64 patients
Authors: Johnson A G , Rains A J Harding 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The indications for choledochoduodenostomy in 64 patients are discussed and compared with those in other series from the literature. The essential indications are the presence of a dilated common bileduct with calculous disease or associated pathology at the lower end of the common bile-duct, particularly in the elderly and poor-risk patients. It is a safe procedure with few complications provided that a stoma of 2.5 cm. or more is made.
Gastric necrosis: A rare complication of chloral hydrate intoxication
Authors: Vellar I D A , Richardson J P , Doyle J C , Keating M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A rare complication of chloral hydrate intoxication is described. Added to the initial acute cardiorespiratory and central nervous system depression, subsequent gastric necrosis and perforation provided a difficult problem in management. A satisfactory outcome was finally achieved using the Roux-en-Y technique to by-pass the stricture at the oesophagogastric anastomosis.
Ulcerative Colitis Treated by Ileostomy and Excisional Surgery Fifteen Years' Experience at St. Mark's Hospital
Authors: Ritchie Jean K 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results of excisional surgery with the eastablishment of a permanent ileostomy in 246 patients with ulcerative colitis operated on in the years 1955–69 at St. Mark's Hospital, London, are presented. The overall mortality of the primary surgery was 8·1 per cent, being 9·3 per cent in the years 1955–9, 10–6 per cent in the years 1960–4, and 5·3 per cent the years 1965–9. This mortality was 1·6 per cent in 128 patients treated electively, 10·7 per cent in 75 cases coming to urgent surgery, and 23·3 per cent in 75 cases coming to urgent surgery, and 23·3 per cent in 43 patients undergoing emergency operations. The mortality in this third group fell from 36·4 per cent in the years 1955–9 to 25 per cent in the years 1960–9. The indcidence of major postoperative complications for patients treated by total proctolectomy or colectomy and ileostomy was also clearly related to the preoperative servertity of the disease, being 18·8 per cent in the elective cases, 31·3 per cent in the urgent cases, and 40 per cent in the emergency cases.
Late complications of surgery were, with the exception of intestinal obstruction requiring surgery, infrequent in this series and showed a marked fall in the last 5 years of the study. With the possible exception of urolithiasis, the investigation revealed no increased susceptibility to diseases or conditions of a general nature in the long-term study of these patients (average length of follow-up 7 years) and emphasized the excellent life expectancy in patients in whom radical surgery had been carried out in the absence of malignant change.
Pneumoperitoneum in the Management of Abdominal Incisional Hernia
Authors: Hamer D B , Duthie H L 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
From a group of 30 patients with incisional hernia, 10 were selected for preoperative treatment with an artificial tension pneumoperitoneum to expand the abdominal cavity sufficiently so that a repair could be completed without tension. There were no serious complications from the method and no recurrences of the incisional hernia. It is suggested that this simple and neglected adjuvant should be considered to ensure the successful repair of any large abdominal incisional hernia.
Calcifying Epithelioma of Malherbe
Authors: Jones S M , Crumplin K H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Experience with 34 cases of calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe is analysed, and the frequency of misdiagnosis is noted. The apparent dramatic rise in incidence over the past few years may be due to an increasing awareness of the existence of this benign tumour by both clinicians and pathologists. Evidence is cited to support the view that the lesion arises from the hair-forming cells of the dermis.
Damage From the Fogarty Balloon Catheter
Authors: Mavor G E , Walker M G , Dahl D P , Pegg C A S 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The Fogarty balloon catheter is an instrument which greatly facilitates arterial thrombo-embolectomy. However, it should be used with gentleness and care, particularly in relation to the lower leg vessels. The peroneal artery is particularly susceptible to damage, and arteriovenous fistula formation may result. Even though the incidence of damage is low, when it occurs the morbidity produced may compromise an otherwise satisfactory result.
Proximal Jejunal and Distal Ileal Extrinsic Innervation in the Rabbit and Dog
Authors: Jenkins D H R , Macleod I B 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The varying patterns of motor behaviour of isolated and interposed jejunal and ileal segments in the rabbit and the dog previously reported (Jenkins and Macleod, 1970) were examined by selective denervation techniques. One hundred and twenty-three paired experiments were conducted on rabbits and 55 similar experiments were performed on dogs.
Length-matched paired segments of proximal jejunum and distal ileum were isolated and filled with saline at a constant rate. Segmental resistance to filling was regarded as an index of tone. The influence of vagotomy and of sympathectomy on the tone of the segments was studied in segments supplied by one or by two vessels.
Vagotomy caused a decrease in tone in the proximal jejunal segments, while sympathectomy had little effect. In segments of distal ileum sympathectomy resulted in segments behaving in a similar fashion, while vagotomy had an unpredictable effect on tone.
The results suggest a uniform distribution of the vagus to the whole length of the small bowel in the rabit and the dog, serving to maintain the tone of the bowel. It is deduced that sympathetic supply to the proximal jejunum isabsent in these animkals and is distributed to the distal ileum only in an irregular fashion.
The relevance of these observations to the clinical use of interposed small-bowel segments is considered.
Post-Irradiation Femoral Aneurysm Treated by Iliopopliteal By-pass Via the Obturator Foramen
Authors: Ross Harvey B , Sales John E L 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
This unusual case is presented for two reasons. First, it illustrates the value of a long by-pass graft from the common iliac artery to the popliteal artery passing through the obturator foramen when there are complications which forbid operation through the femoral triangle. Secondly, it provides clinical and histological evidence of the late effects upon neighbouring large arteries of radiotherapy—given in this instance for a fibrosarcoma in a thigh muscle.
Does Squamous Carcinoma of the Colon Exist?
Authors: Balfour Tom W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A patient with a histologically unusual carcinoma of the colon had a successful surgical resection and primary anastomosis. The tumour showed certain squamous features. It is doubtful if any of the previously reported cases of „squamous carcinoma”︁ represents more than squamous metaplasia with variable degrees of differentiation in existing adenocarcinomas.
To find „squamous”︁ malignant tissue in the colon is not necessarily to imply that the tumour is metastatic or inoperable.
Simultaneous Flow and Pressure Measurements in Intermittent Claudication
Authors: Lewis J D , Papathanaiou C , Yao S T , Eastcott H H G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
In a series of 12 normal and 68 atherosclerotic patients a relationship between flow and pressure changes following moderate exercise correlates well with the anatomical level of the disease. Both flow and pressure studies provide a good objective assessment of the extent of the disease and of the functional results of reconstructive surgery.
Secondary Enlargement of the Mandibular Coronoid Process
Authors: Bramley P A , Norman J E DeB 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Enlargement of the coronoid process of the mandible is a rare cause of limited jaw movement.
Primary causes fall into two categories: benign tumours and developmental hyperplasia.
Two cases of clinically important enlargement of the coronoid process secondary to other longstanding causes of difficulty in opening the mouth are described.
It is suggested that significant appositional bone growth secondary to abnormal stresses mediated by the tendon of the temporalis muscle does occur.
The Results of 101 Operations For Symptomatic Hiatus Hernia a Comparison of Two Different Methods
Authors: Magarey C J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results of all the operations for symptomatic sliding hiatus hernia carried out by 1 surgeon during 5½ years are reviewed. One hundred and six operations were done and 101 patients were available for review after 6 months to 5 years. The earlier patients in the series underwent transthoracic or transabdominal hiatus hernia repair, and the later patients underwent fixation of the lesser gastric curve to the anterior abdominal wall, as described by Boerema (1969). Before operation the two groups were clinically comparable. There were significantly less clinical failures after the Boerema operation, and less radiological recurrences. This simple and rapid operation is, therefore, preferred to the more complicated procedure.
Non-Gangrenous Ischaemic Colitis a Review of 17 Cases
Authors: Brown Alastair R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Ischaemic lesions of the colon can be divided into gangrenous and non-gangrenous groups.
In this paper 17 patients with non-gangrenous ischaemic colitis are reported; 16 of these occurred spontaneously and 1 followed an anterior resection of the rectum.
The clinical and radiological findings are described.
The lesions varied in extent and severity from a short segment of transient mucosal damage to a long permanent stricture.
An early barium-enema examination is essential for the initial diagnosis. Repeat barium enemas are necessary to ascertain the final outcome. The radiological changes are at least partially reversible and even extensive strictures may show a marked improvement over a period of months.
In this group five lesions were resected but none of the resections was performed during the acute phase. It is concluded that non-gangrenous lesions can usually be managed conservatively. The indications for surgical intervention are discussed.
Ruptured Angiomatous Spleen Presenting as a Severe Coagulation Defect
Authors: Heading R C , McClelland D B L , Stuart A E , Hamilton T 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case is decribed in which spontaneous rupture of an angiomatous spleen presented with an acute disorder of blood coagulation. Splenectomy was performed after successful correction of the coagulation defect by the administration of blood and blood-products. The presence of amyloidosis associated with myeloma may have increased the liability of the spleen to rupture. Indentation of the right lobe of the liver by the lower ribs produced a misleading appearance of the hepatic scintiscan.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm and horse-shoe kidney
Authors: Frawley John E , Dickson G H , Jamieson C W , Eastcott H H G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Successful abdominal aortic replacement for aneurysm in 3 patients with horse-shoe kidney is reported. The anatomy of the horse-shoe kidney, particularly in relation to its blood-supply, is described. Because of the lack of correlation between the radiological and operative findings it is suggested that the final decision for replacement of the aorta must be taken at opertion. Techniques for grafting which obviate the need to divide the isthmus of the horse-shoe kidney and decrease the operating time are described.
Brachial plexus lesions associated with traumatic asphyxia
Authors: Leech Peter , Cuthbert Hugh 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Among 19 patients admitted to hospital following a major disaster it was noted that 15 showed evidence of traumatic asphyxia and 7 had sustained brachial plexus injury. Three such cases are presented, the possible pathogenesis of the brachial plexus lesions is discussed, and the diagnostic difficulty presented by unconscious traumatically asphyxiated patients with monoparesis is highlighted.
A comparison of portal and systemic venous drainage in porcine renal allografts
Authors: Mazzoni G , Di Martino C , Demofonti A , Valli A , Pellegrini S , Gentili B , Melis M 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results obtained when both kidneys were allografted in the pig are described. The experiments were performed in two groups of animals. In one group both kidneys were transplanted with portal venous drainage and in the other group caval drainage was used. Animals with portal venous drainage of the renal grafts survived for more than 4 months whereas those with caval drainage died within 15 days.
The single thyroid nodule
Authors: Psarras A , Papadopoulos S N , Livadas D , Pharmakiotis A D , Koutras D A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Between November, 1966, and March, 1970, 2736 patients with single thyroid nodules were investigated at the Alexandra Hospital. Females were more frequently affected than males, with a ratio of females to males of about 7:1. The right lobe was one and a half times more frequently involved than the left. In both lobes the lower pole was six to eight times more commonly involved than the upper pole. Pathological data after surgical excision were available in 692 of these patients. Malignancy was proved in 81 cases. The overall incidence of carcinoma was 11.7 per cent. Malignant nodules were two to three times more frequent in persons aged below 20 and over 60 and in males than in females. The incidence of carcinoma in cold and warm nodules was 12.8 and 6.6 per cent respectively. No malignancy was foun in a hot nodule or in a toxic adenoma. The location of the nodule was not helpful in predicting malignancy. It is concluded that the incidence of malignancy in cold and warm single thyroid nodules in high, and for this reason surgical removal supplemented with replacement therapy is recommended.
The relationship between blood-flow and failure of femoropopliteal reconstructive arterial surgery
Authors: Terry H J , Allan J S , Taylor G W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Blood-flow measured at operation in 80 limbs was found to be significantly related to the patency of the reconstruction 12 months later. The incidence of failure was 14 per cent when the flow exceeded 100 ml. per minute and was 54 per cent when the flow was less than this figure.
Although blood-flow was significantly lower in patients with obstructed distal arteries, there were wide variations in flow between limbs with similar degrees of obstruction. There was, however, a significant increase in the failure rate with increasing arterial obstruction, and where two or all three of the tibial arteries were obstructed the long-term failure rate was 48 per cent.
The effects of posture, exercise, and bandage pressure on the clearance of 24na from the subcutaneous tissues of the foot
Authors: Chant A D B 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The effects of posture, exercise, and bandage compression on the clearance of 24Na from the subcutaneous tissues of the foot in 12 control subjects and in 32 patients with venous abnormalities have been investigated. Lowering the foot slowed clearance in the control subjects and in the patients with varicose veins, but no slowing occurred in patients with chronic deep venous thrombosis (D. V. T.). Exercise increased the clearance in the controls but this increase was less in the varicose vein and D. V. T. groups and absent in the group with venous ulcers. Treatment of the patients with varicose veins by sclerotherapy returned their exercise increment in clearance of 24Na to control levels. Bandage compression increased clearance until a maximum was reached at approximately the intravascular hydrostatic pressure. Thereafter it declined. A significantly higher bandage compression was required to produce maximum clearance of 24Na in patients with D. V. T. In two further experiments when bandage compression was maintained at intravascular hydrostatic pressure the effect of posture on clearance was abolished.
These observations indicate that 24Na clearance may be of value in the investigation of patients with venous abnormalities.
Persistent and recurrent hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Clark Orlo , Taylor Selwyn 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
During the past 11 years at Hammersmith Hospital 11 patients have had parathyroid operations following a previous neck exploration. Six had persistent hyperparathyroidism and 5 had recurrent hyperparathyroidism with a “lucid interval” of biochemical normality of from 5 months to 11 years. Sucessful results were obtained in 9 of the 11 patients after a total of 29 operations, 4 of which were combined with sternotomy. The reasons for failure at operation and the medical and surgical management of these patients are reviewed.
A randomized prospective trial comparing three established methods of gastric decompression after vagotomy
Authors: Miller D F , Mason J R , McArthur J , Gordon I 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
One hundred and thirty-two patients who were about to undergo vagotomy and drainage were randomly allocated nasogastric tubes, gastrostomy tubes, or no decompression postoperatively. Significantly fewer patients with no decompression developed respiratory infections postoperatively. The role of smoking in the production of post-operative chest complications was again confirmed. Neither the choice of decompression nor its absence appeared to affect postoperative electrolyte control. Postoperative dysphagia was more common in the group with a nasogastric tube. Wound infections were commoner in the gastrostomy group. While most patients with gastrostomies expressed a preference for this type of decompression a proportion of those with nasogastric tubes expressed a preference for a gastrostomy.