bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nation‐wide study of lethal mid‐line granuloma in Japan: Frequencies of Wegener's granulomatosis, polymorphic reticulosis, malignant lymphoma and other related conditions
Authors: Aozasa Katsuyuki , Ohsawa Masahiko , Tajima Kazuo , Sasaki Ryoji , Maeda Hajime , Matsunaga Torn , Friedmann I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLethal mid‐line granuloma (LMG) is a clinical term, and it is histologically composed of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), polymorphic reticulosis (PR), and malignant lymphoma (ML). WG is an inflammatory disease, and PR and ML are considered to represent a neoplastic proliferation of lymphoreticu‐lar cells. In the present report, a nation‐wide study on LMG in Japan is compared with a study from the UK, to examine differences in frequencies of each disease in Eastern and Western countries. A total of 340 cases of LMG were examined. On the basis of histological and clinical findings, these cases were categorized as 68 WG, 129 PR, 92 ML, 44 chronic inflammation not specified, and 7 other related conditions. The crude frequencies of WG, PR, and ML per 100,000 outpatients of ENT clinics in Japan and England were 4, 8 and 6, respectively and 8, 4 and 1, respectively. The predominance of malignant lym‐phoproliferative diseases to WG in Japan (3.5:P was in marked contrast to the situation in the UK (1: 1.6). A. eview of the pertinent literature suggests a clustering of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases of the nose among Mongolian ethnic groups.
Amplification and expression of different myc‐family genes in a tumor specimen and 3 cell lines derived from one small‐cell lung cancer patient during longitudinal follow‐up
Authors: Kok Klaas , Osinga Jan , Schotanus Dick C. , Berendsen Henk H. , De Leu Lou F. M. H. , Buys Charles H. C. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a small‐cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) tumor specimen as well as in 3 cell lines derived from SCLC biopsies obtained from the same patient at successive times during the clinical course, either the N‐myc gene or the c‐myc gene appeared to be amplified and expressed. The initial tumor specimen, a lymph‐node metastasis, was amplified for N‐myc, as was the cell line GLC‐14 derived from this metastasis. The cell lines GLC‐16 and GLC‐19, derived from recurrent primary tumor biopsies after a complete remission, were amplified for c‐myc. This finding implies independent amplification events and supports the idea that the amplification of myc genes is probably a secondary event correlated with tumor progression. Although all 3 cell lines could be classified as classic SCLC cell lines according to their histological characteristics, GLC‐16 and GLC‐19 clearly possess, in their c‐myc amplification and derivation from therapy‐resistant tumor cells, features of variant SCLC lines. This may question the significance of the classic/variant classification.
Detection of high concentrations of HTLV‐1 p24 and a novel gag precursor, p45, in serum immune complexes of a healthy seropositive individual
Authors: Schupbach Jorg , Kalyanaraman V. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCirculating immune complexes from sera of 6 patients with adult T‐cell leukemia and 8 asymptomatic carriers infected with the human T‐cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV‐I) were precipitated with polyethylene glycol, and the precipitates were tested for the presence of viral antigen p24 by Western blot, using affinity‐purified radiolabeled goat antibody to p24 as a probe. p24 and a larger protein of Mr 45,000 immunologically related to p24 were detected at concentrations of up to 100‐200 ng/ml in one of the carriers, while all other samples were negative. The concentration of the Mr 45,000 protein in the immune complexes was considerably higher than that of p24. Analysis of an HTLV‐I producer cell line, G‐II/MJ, by competition Western blots and gag‐speciiic antibodies, showed the presence of a hitherto unrecognized viral protein p45 which contains both p 19 and p24 and probably represents an intermediate precursor of these proteins. The results present direct evidence of production of HTLV‐1 proteins in an asymptomatically infected individual.
The transforming prototype of epstein‐barr virus (B95‐8) is also a lytic virus
Authors: Glaser Ronald , Tarr Kathleen L. , Dangel Andrew W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe B95‐8 isolate of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) has been described as a non‐lytic transforming virus. We have performed experiments in order to determine if the B95‐8 EBV is capable of super‐infecting and replicating in EBV‐genome‐positive non‐producer lymphoblastoid cells. Using concentrates of B95‐8 EBV, prepared from 6 different B95‐8 cell lines treated with l2‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), we demonstrated that virus concentrates could transform human or cotton‐top tamarin B‐lymphocytes and also lytically replicate in Raji cells, inducing EBV antigens and infectious virus. While the virus obtained from B95‐8 super‐infected Raji cells was able to transform cord‐blood lymphocytes (CBLs) and super‐infect Raji cells, transformation was abortive, with cell cultures only growing for up to 6 weeks. Transformation titers of the B9S‐8 virus concentrates ranged from 105 to > 108 transforming units/ml; early antigen (EA) induction ranged from 1% to 50% after superinfection of Raji cells, depending on the virus stock used, as determined by immunofluorescence. Southern blot analysis was carried out on the DNA prepared from B95‐8 cells and virion DNA. The results were consistent with the published EcoRI restriction pattern for B95‐8 EBV. The issue of whether the B95‐8 cells produce virions with a dual biological phenotype or, rather, 2 biologically distinct viruses, is addressed.
Expression of TGF‐α/EGF and TGF‐p receptors in human colon carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Murthy Uma , Anzano Mario A. , Greig Russell G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have established that colon carcinoma cells secrete several polypeptide growth factors, including TGF‐α/EGF and TGF‐ß, suggesting that these and related molecules function in an autocrine/paracrine fashion to modulate tumor‐cell growth. To investigate this possibility, we have studied the expression of transforming growth factor receptors in a panel of human colon carcinoma cell lines and in several untransformed epithelial cell populations. The results have revealed that neoplastic colon cells express receptors for both TGF‐α/EGF and TGF‐ß. Immunoprecipitation identified the TGF‐α/EGF receptor as a structurally intact 170‐kDa protein. No evidence for over‐expression was found. TGF‐α (and EGF) enhanced receptor autophosphorylation, indicating that these receptors were biochemically functional. TGF‐ß blocked DNA synthesis in non‐neoplastic epithelial cells but not in tumorigenic colon populations. There was no correlation with TGF‐ß receptor number or dissociation constant. However, chemical cross‐linking studies revealed a TGF‐ß receptor subtype of 75 kDa in 3 of the 4 colon carcinoma cells which was undetectable in normal IEC epithelial cultures, suggesting a possible association between 75‐kDa receptor expression and refractoriness to growth inhibition of TGF‐ß. Together, these data support the concept that locally‐produced growth regulators can function in an autocrine or paracrine manner to influence the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells.
Clonogenic cell assay for anchorage‐dependent squamous carcinoma cell lines using limiting dilution
Authors: Grenman Reidar , Burk David , Virolainen Erkki , Buick Ronald N. , Church John , Schwartz Donald R. , Carey Thomas E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClonogenic assays under either anchorage‐dependent or ‐independent conditions are very useful for testing the sensitivity of tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs and radiation. These assays have not been widely used with squamous‐cell carcinomas (SCC) because of poor tumor‐cell viability and poor cloning efficiency, especially in semi‐solid media. To find a clonogenic assay suitable for use with human squamous cancers we tested SCC lines, derived in our laboratory from patients with head and neck cancer, for the capacity to form colonies in soft agar and in 96‐well plates. Of 13 UM‐SCC lines tested for colony formation in agarose, only UM‐SCC‐11A was capable of growth in conventional semi‐solid media. One other line, UM‐SCC‐14C, produced colonies in agarose only in the presence of epidermal growth factor. In contrast, all 17 of the SCC lines tested exhibited colony formation in adherent cell culture using limiting dilution in 96‐well plates. The plating efficiencies of the SCC lines in the 96‐well plate assay ranged from 0.02 to 0.52 colonies (wells)/cell whereas the PE values in soft agar were lower, ranging from 0.0055 to 0.0086 colonies/ cell. The 96‐well plate assay is not affected by cell migration, a problem encountered with some cell lines when clonogenic assays are performed in Petri dishes. UM‐SCC‐11A was tested for radiation sensitivity both in soft agar and in the 96‐well plate assay. Comparable results were obtained. In summary, the majority of SCC cell lines did not form viable colonies in soft agar but the 96‐well plate assay was applicable to a broad spectrum of anchorage‐dependent human SCC cell lines and provides an efficient method for evaluating clonogenic cell survival.
Mechanism of mechanical trauma to ehrlich ascites tumor cells IN VITRO and its relationship to rapid intravascular death during metastasis
Authors: Weiss L. , Harlos J. P. , Elkin G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMany, if not most, of the cancer cells arrested in the mi‐crovasculature during metastasis appear to be rapidly killed by mechanical trauma, associated with shape‐transitions, which require increases in cell surface area. The hypothesis has been advanced that such increases in surface area occur in 2 phases: First, there is an apparent increase due to surface unfolding, which is reversible and non‐lethal. Second, there is a true increase, during which cell surface membranes are stretched, with an increase in membrane tension. When tension exceeds a critical level, the surface membranes rupture and this irreversible change is lethal. In the present study, cell surface area has been incrementally increased by a hypotonic environment. Down to approximately 70 mM/kg, a reversible, non‐lethal increase in cell volume was observed, associated with electron microscopic evidence of unfolding. At and below 70 mM/kg, irreversible, lethal changes occurred, associated with increased susceptibility to the mechanical trauma associated with membrane‐filtration. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis in question.
Ganglioside GD3 shedding by human malignant melanoma cells
Authors: Bernhard Helga , Zum Büschenfelde Karl‐Hermann Meyer , Dippold Wolfgang G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGangliosides appear to be important target molecules for immunological effector mechanisms on neuro‐ectodermal tumors. Therefore in vitro studies were performed to examine whether ganglioside GD3, which is highly expressed on the cell surface of cultured human melanoma cells, is being shed into the culture medium. Measurable quantities of gangliosides GM3 and in particular GD3 were shed by the melanoma cells we have tested as detected on thin‐layer chromatograms (TLC) stained with orcinol. Ganglioside GD3 was also evidenced by immunoassaying with anti‐GD3 MAb and by ELISA. The concentration of GD3 in the supernatant of human melanoma cells depended on the ganglioside pattern of the cell line. Cells containing high levels of GD3 shed large amounts, cells with low levels shed no detectable GD3. Ganglioside GD3 was detectable in sera, but no major quantitative differences were observed in sera of patients with GD3‐positive tumors and normal controls. This points to a local accumulation of ganglioside GD3 at the tumor site.
Benzoyl peroxide enhances the invasive ability of a mouse epidermal carcinoma cell line
Authors: Bonfil R. D. , Momiki S. , Conti C. J. , Klein‐Szanto A. J. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of the skin tumor promoter benzoyl peroxide on the invasive potential of a murine squamous carcinoma cell line was investigated using an in vitro assay based on the capacity of cells to migrate through a porous filter coated with matrigel. Pre‐treatment of the murine squamous carcinoma cell line CH72 with benzoyl peroxide added to the tissue culture medium increased the invasive capacity of these cells 5‐8 times. No effects were observed on cells from primary cultures of normal murine epidermis. The simultaneous treatment of CH72 cells with benzoyl peroxide and the free radical scavengers, superoxide dismutase or CuS04, prevented the increase and the values did not differ significantly from the baseline invasive potential. This suggests that activated oxygen species participate in the benzoyl peroxide‐induced enhancement of the invasive capacity of these carcinoma cells.
Oncogene expression in small‐cell lung cancer cell lines and a testicular germ‐cell tumor: Activation of the N‐myc gene and decreased RB mRNA
Authors: Saksela Kalle , Mäkelä Tomi P. , Alitalo Kari 
Published: February 2007

AbstractN‐myc and L‐myc proto‐oncogenes are expressed in many developing embryonic tissues. In contrast to expression of the closely related c‐myc gene, N‐myc and L‐myc expression is very restricted in adult tissues. We show that small amounts of the L‐myc RNA can be detected in normal adult testicular tissue. A high level of N‐myc expression from a single‐copy N‐myc gene was found in a malignant tumor of the testis, histopathologically defined as a seminoma. This tumor also showed a decrease of mRNA from the retinoblastoma gene (RB), which is ubiquitously expressed in all normal tissues. Strikingly similar results on elevated expression of the L‐myc and N‐myc genes and a lack of RB mRNA have been reported in small‐cell lung cancer cell lines, and are confirmed in our study.
Quantification of epidermal growth factor in human breast cyst fluids: Correlation with dehydroepiandrosterone‐sulphate and electrolyte concentrations
Authors: Smith K. , Miller W. R. , Fennelly J. A. , Matthews J. N. S. , Scott W. N. , Harris A. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpidermal growth factor (EGF), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA)‐sulphate and [Na+] and [K+] were assayed in 78 cyst fluids from patients with a palpable breast cyst. Epidermal growth factor was detected in all but 2 cysts, the mean value ± Sem being 506.2 ± 39.3 ng/ml, with a range of 0‐1,599 ng/ml. When the cyst fluids were sub‐divided according to their [Na+]:[K+] ratio, group A cyst fluids ([Na+]:[K+] < 3) had a significantly higher (p < 0.001) level of EGF than group B cyst fluids ([Na+]:[K+] > 3). Furthermore, the relationship between EGF and [Na+] and [K+] and between EGF and DHA‐sulphate seemed to differ between the 2 cyst types and each cyst type was therefore analyzed separately.
Sucrase‐isomaltase expression and enterocytic ultrastructure of human colorectal tumors
Authors: Czernichow Bella , Simon‐Assmann Patricia , Kedinger Michele , Arnold Christiane , Parache Michel , Marescaux Jacques , Zweibaum Alain , Haffen Katy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the relative frequency of sucrase‐isomaltase (SI) antigen expression in human colonic adenocarcinoma (22/57), in peritumoral mucosa taken next to the tumor (31/41) or distant from it (29/42) as well as in 21/23 polyps. Our results are based on indirect immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for human intestinal SI. A regular and intense expression of SI occurred only in 6 tumor specimens. In the remaining 16 Sl‐positive tumor samples, labelling was heterogeneous, i.e., scattered over more or less extensive areas. A similar irregular staining pattern was also found in polyps and in peritumoral mucosa, irrespective of its distance from the tumor. Electron microscopic examination of 19 carcinomas mostly revealed altered brush‐border membrane features, irrespective of histological SI staining pattern. Brush‐border enzyme activities of sucrase, alkaline phosphatase and maltase showed no difference between tumor specimens and peritumoral mucosa, but aminopeptidase was depressed in the former. Sucrase activity was extremely low (mean values 1.1 to 1.8 mU/mg protein) and rose only exceptionally to 17.5 mU/mg prot.
t(2;8) variant translocation in burkitt's lymphoma: Mapping of chromosomal breakpoints by in situ hybridization
Authors: Adolph Sabine , Hameister Horst , Henglein Berthold , Lipp Martin , Hartl Peter , Baas Frank , Lenoir Gilbert , Bornkamm Georg W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 6 different Burkitt lymphoma cell lines with t(2;8) variant translocations (JI. LY66, LY9I, BL21, BL64, JBL2) the breakpoints on chromosome 8q+ were mapped in relation to each other and to c‐myc by in situ hybridization. The probes used were derived from chromosome 8q24 and comprised a c‐myc probe, a probe located 48 kb downstream of c‐myc, 3 probes adjacent to the chromosomal breakpoints of BL64, LY91 and JBL2, respectively, and 2 probes located in the 5′ and 3′ part of the thyroglobulin gene. The breakpoints of LY91 and JBL2 lie <200 kb and>200 kb downstream of c‐myc, whereas the distance to c‐myc of the BL64 breakpoint and of the thyroglobulin probes is unknown. By recording the hybridization signals specific for these probes on chromosomes 2p− and 8q+of each cell line it was possible to establish the order of breakpoints on band 8q24 relative to the c‐myc and thyroglobulin genes as follows: centromere—c‐myc—JI—BL64—BL21— LY91—JBL2—LY66—thyroglobulin—telomere. This information is essential for further mapping of this important chromosomal region.
Characterization of cell lines derived from a multiply aneuploid human bladder transitional‐cell carcinoma, UCRU‐BL‐13
Authors: Russell Pamela J. , Wass Jane , Lukeis Robyn , Garson O. Margaret , Jelbart Margaret , Wills Edward , Philips Jeanette , Brown Joanne , Carrington Nigel , Vincent Paul C. , Raghavan Derek 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of cultured cell lines (designated UCRU‐BL‐13) has been established from different serial passages of a multiply aneuploid human bladder transitional‐cell carcinoma xenografted in nude mice. Serial passage of the xenografts in vivo and of the cell lines in vitro was accompanied by shifts in the tumor ploidy, with dominance of different major peaks. Despite this, the expression of tumor markers remained constant, and consistent chromosomal markers were observed both in the 8th xenograft passage and in a subline in tissue culture established over a year apart. Chromosomal numbers reflected the predominant aneuploid peaks observed; consistent numerical and structural changes included a marker derived from chromosome I, 8p−, −10, 11q +, and I7q+. The cell line derived from the initial xenograft comprised a mixture of transitional, adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma cells in early passage, but adenocarcinoma cells were absent from later passages. The lines expressed the B‐blood‐group antigen, histocompatibility antigens, receptors for transferrin and EGF, and reacted with a series of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to malignant human epithelial cell lines. These lines provide a model for studying the evolution of tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance in bladder carcinoma exhibiting multiple aneupioidy.
Diverse responses to retinoid in morphological differentiation, tumorigenesis and n‐myc expression in human neuroblastoma sublines
Authors: Hino Tamaki , Sugimoto Tohru , Matsumura Takafumi , Horii Yoshihiro , Inazawa Johji , Sawada Tadashi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe established the subline RT‐BMV‐C6 from the parent human neuroblastoma cell line RT‐BM by a process that required repeated subculture of cells, which were prone to disaggregation. RT‐BMV‐C6 and the parent cloned line, RT‐BM‐I, had an identical marker chromosome, confirming that both lines were derived from a common progenitor. In the analysis of surface antigen expression, RT‐BMV‐C6 did not react with UJ‐127‐11, Leu7 or KP‐NAC2 MAbs to which RT‐BM‐I showed positive binding. The levels of both N‐myc amplification and expression in RT‐BMV‐C6 were twice as high as the level obtained in RT‐BM‐I. Colony‐forming efficiency in soft agar was 2.0 ± 0.8% for RT‐BMV‐C6 and 3 times greater than that for RT‐BM‐I (0.6 ± 0.1%). When 100 × 106 cells of RT‐BM‐I and RT‐BMV‐C6 were inoculated into nude mice, tumor incidence was significantly higher for RT‐BMV‐C6 (6/6; 100%) than for RT‐BM‐I (0/6; 0%). Our data show that N‐myc is closely related to tumorigenicity in NB. When RT‐BM‐I and RT‐BMV‐C6 were co‐cultured with a new synthetic retinoid, polyprenoic acid (E5166), and dibutyryi cyclic AMP, RT‐BM‐I was induced to neuronal differentiation, defined by the formation of neuronal processes and expression of neurofilaments, whereas RT‐BMV‐C6 was not. However, when exposed to E5166, N‐myc expression of RT‐BMV‐C6 was more strongly reduced than that of RT‐BM‐I, and colony formation of RT‐BMV‐C6 was significantly inhibited as compared to RT‐BM‐I. These findings suggest that the reduction of N‐myc expression might closely correlate with growth inhibition accompanying neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
Comparison of therapeutic efficacy and host toxicity of two different 131I‐labelled antibodies and their fragments in the GW‐39 colonic cancer xenograft model
Authors: Blumenthal Rosalyn D. , Sharkey Robert M. , Kashi Rina , Goldenberg David M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vivo uptake, therapeutic potential, and host toxicity were evaluated for both the intact IgG and F(ab′)2 fragment of 2 murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against either carcino‐embryonic antigen (CEA), called NP‐4, or colon‐specific antigen‐p (CSAp), called Mu‐9, in the GW‐39 human colorectal carcinoma grown in the hamster cheek pouch. Mu‐9 IgG and F(ab′)2 were retained longer by the tumor than was the NP‐4 IgG or F(ab′)2, respectively. Localization of the two antibodies by micro‐autoradiography revealed two distinct patterns. Mu‐9 was seen densely around whole acini of tumor cells, whereas NP‐4 was found around each individual cell, albeit less densely. The anti‐tumor effects of 131l‐labelled Mu‐9 and NP‐4 IgG were equal, but the therapeutic effectiveness of Mu‐9 F(ab′)2 was significantly higher than NP‐4 F(ab′)2, as measured by change in tumor size. A dose‐dependent increase in host toxicity, as measured by change in body weight and change in peripheral white blood cells (p‐WBCs), was observed with 0.S to 3.0 mCi doses of 131l‐lgG regardless of the MAb used. A 10‐22% loss in body weight lasting 3‐7 weeks and a 50‐80% loss in pWBCs lasting 6‐8 weeks were observed in these animals. In contrast, 3 × 2 mCi doses of 131l‐NP‐4 or Mu‐9 F(ab′)2 given at 3‐day intervals, a schedule which was equally therapeutic to a single 2‐mCi dose of 131l‐lgG, resulted in only a 9% loss in body weight and a 50% loss in pWBCs that lasted only I week. This was followed by a complete recovery over the next 2‐3 weeks. These data suggest that multiple doses of F(ab′)2 can be as tumoricidal as a single dose of an intact MAb IgG, but significantly less toxic to the host.