bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
After the Stalinist Gulag
Authors: Barenberg Alan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
After Stalin’s death in 1953, the Soviet state launched major reforms of the Gulag. Millions of prisoners and exiles were released. Prisons and prison camps were reformed, and the Soviet system of mass incarceration became much smaller. Former prisoners and exiles struggled to re-establish lives for themselves on the “outside” as they navigated state policies and popular prejudices. At the same time, former inmates worked to process their experiences in the Gulag, leading to the development of a small but growing corpus of Gulag memoir literature. This chapter examines major developments in the evolution of such literature, from early works like Alexander Solzhenitsyn’s One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich to the flood of new publications during Perestroika and following the collapse of the Soviet Union. It closes with a survey of efforts to memorialize the Gulag in Russia and other Soviet successor states.
Laboratory Automated Interrogation of Data: an interactive web application for visualization of multilevel data from biological experiments
Authors: Dando Owen R , Kozic Zrinko , Booker Sam A , Hardingham Giles E , Kind Peter C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A key step in understanding the results of biological experiments is visualization of the data. Many laboratory experiments contain a range of measurements that exist within a hierarchy of interdependence. An automated and facile way to visualize and interrogate such multilevel data, across many experimental variables, would (i) lead to improved understanding of the results, (ii) help to avoid misleading interpretation of statistics and (iii) easily identify outliers and sources of batch and confounding effects. While many excellent graphing solutions already exist, they are often geared towards the production of publication-ready plots and the analysis of a single variable at a time, require programming expertise or are unnecessarily complex for the task at hand. Here, we present Laboratory Automated Interrogation of Data (LAB-AID), an interactive tool specifically designed to automatically visualize and query hierarchical data resulting from biological experiments.
Relationships between disease severity, psychological stress, and health-related quality of life among patients with acute coronary syndrome: mediation of illness perception
Authors: Zhang Guiqin , Cui Jiatong , Zhang Xiaohong , Chair Sek Ying , Liu Wei , Liu Yu Jia , Cheng Yu Xin , Liu Qian , Yang Bing Xiang , Zou Huijing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Aims
Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) often experience reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL), which may be attributable to the disease severity and psychological stress. While illness perception is speculated to be a potential pathway underlying these relationships, evidence supporting this mechanism remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between disease severity, psychological stress, and HRQOL and whether these relationships are mediated by illness perception in patients with ACS.

Methods and results
Data were collected from June to July 2019 and June to September 2020 in the cardiology departments of four public hospitals in China. Eligible patients completed measures of disease severity, psychological stress, illness perception, HRQOL, and socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Data were analysed employing hierarchical multiple regression and structural equation modelling. This study included 405 participants (mean age 60.63 years, 67.4% male). After controlling for socio-demographic and clinical covariates, higher levels of disease severity (β = 0.115, P = 0.024) and psychological stress (β = −0.209, P＜0.001) were associated with poorer HRQOL; however, the relationships became non-significant after adding illness perception into the regression model. Structural equation modelling analysis suggested that illness perception played a mediating role between disease severity, psychological stress, and HRQOL, accounting for 45.95% and 65.79% of the total effects, respectively.

Conclusion
This study found that illness perception mediated the relationships between disease severity, psychological stress, and HRQOL among patients with ACS. Improving patients’ HRQOL should consider its important influencing factors with a focus on promoting positive illness perception.
Comparison of Self-Reported and Capacity-Based Measures of Mobility in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Nigeria: The Mediating Role of Age, Cognitive Status, and Chronic Conditions
Authors: Kalu Michael E , Rayner Daniel , Nwachukwu Ernest C , Ibekaku Michael C , Ndukaku Miracle , Ekezie Uduonu C , Ezema Charles I , Ikele Chioma , Bhatt Vidhi , McArthur Caitlin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Although the association between self-reported and capacity-based mobility outcomes is prominently researched, the pathways through which self-reported measures affect capacity-based measures remains poorly understood. Therefore, our study examines the association between self-reported and capacity-based mobility measures and explores which mobility determinants mediate the association in Nigerian community-dwelling older adults.

Research Design and Methods
This cross-sectional study included 169 older adults [mean age (SD) = 67.7 (7.0)]. Capacity-based mobility outcomes included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and the 10-Meter Walk Test (10mWT), whereas the self-reported mobility outcomes included the Lower Extremity Functional scale (LEFS), the Life Space Questionnaire (LSQ), and the Mänty Preclinical Mobility scale (inability to walk 2 km, 0.5 km, or climb a flight of stairs). Spearman’s correlations were conducted to examine the relationship between self-reported and capacity-based mobility measures, whereas structural equation modeling was used to determine the mediators.

Results
The correlation between SPPB and LEFS (rho = 0.284) and 0.5 km (rho = −0.251) were fair, whereas the correlation between SPPB and inability to walk 2 km (rho = −0.244) and inability to climb a flight of stairs (rho = −0.190) were poor. Similarly, correlations between 6MWT and the LEFS (rho = 0.286), inability to walk 2 km (rho = −0.269), and 0.5 km (rho = −0.303) were fair. The 6WMT was poorly correlated with inability to climb one flight of stairs (rho = −0.233). The LSQ was not correlated with SPPB or 10mWT. Age was the only significant mediator, whereas the number of chronic conditions and cognitive status were not.

Discussion and Implications
The correlation between self-reported and capacity-based mobility outcomes in older adults in Nigeria is lower than those in developed countries. Our analysis provides a foundation to explore mobility determinants that could be predictive mediators for mobility outcomes, making meaningful contributions to explaining mobility complexities.
AI based 1-D P- and S-wave velocity models for the greater alpine region from local earthquake data
Authors: Braszus Benedikt , Rietbrock Andreas , Haberland Christian , Ryberg Trond 
Published: February 2024

SUMMARY
The recent rapid improvement of machine learning techniques had a large impact on the way seismological data can be processed. During the last years several machine learning algorithms determining seismic onset times have been published facilitating the automatic picking of large data sets. Here we apply the deep neural network PhaseNet to a network of over 900 permanent and temporal broad-band stations that were deployed as part of the AlpArray research initiative in the Greater Alpine Region (GAR) during 2016–2020. We selected 384 well distributed earthquakes with ML ≥ 2.5 for our study and developed a purely data-driven pre-inversion pick selection method to consistently remove outliers from the automatic pick catalogue. This allows us to include observations throughout the crustal triplication zone resulting in 39 599 P and 13 188 S observations. Using the established VELEST and the recently developed McMC codes we invert for the 1-D P- and S-wave velocity structure including station correction terms while simultaneously relocating the events. As a result we present two separate models differing in the maximum included observation distance and therefore their suggested usage. The model AlpsLocPS is based on arrivals from ≤130 km and therefore should be used to consistently (re)locate seismicity based on P and S observations. The model GAR1D_PS includes the entire observable distance range of up to 1000 km and for the first time provides consistent P- and S-phase synthetic traveltimes for the entire Alpine orogen. Comparing our relocated seismicity with hypocentral parameters from other studies in the area we quantify the absolute horizontal and vertical accuracy of event locations as ≈2.0 and ≈6.0 km, respectively.
Development of a Mass Spectrometry-Based Method for Quantification of Total Cashew Protein in Roasting Oil
Authors: Chen Shimin , Downs Melanie L 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Food allergen cross-contact during food preparation and production is one of the causes of unintentional allergen presence in packaged foods. However, little is known about allergen cross-contact in shared frying or roasting oil, which prevents the establishment of effective allergen controls and may put allergic individuals at risk. To better understand the quantity of allergen transferred to frying oil and subsequent products, an analytical method is needed for quantifying protein in oil that has been exposed to frying/roasting conditions.

Objective
The goal of this study was to develop a parallel reaction monitoring LC–MS/MS method to quantify the amount of cashew protein in shared roasting oil.

Methods
The sample preparation method was evaluated to improve protein extractability and peptide performance. Four quantitative peptides representing cashew 2S and 11S proteins were selected as targets based on their sensitivity, heat stability, and specificity. A calibration strategy was developed to quantify the amount of total cashew protein in oil. Method performance was evaluated using a heated cashew-in-oil model system.

Results
The method showed high recovery in oil samples spiked with 100 or 10 parts per million (ppm) total cashew protein heated at 138 or 166°C for 2–30 min. Samples (100 ppm total cashew protein) heated for 30 min had more than 90% recovery when treated at 138°C and more than 50% when heated at 166°C.

Conclusion
The method is fit-for-purpose for the analysis of cashew allergen cross-contact in oil.

Highlights
A novel MS-based method was developed that can accurately quantify the amount of cashew protein present in heated oil.
Obesity-related glomerulopathy: recent advances in inflammatory mechanisms and related treatments
Authors: Guan Yucan , Wei Xianping , Li Jicui , Zhu Yuexin , Luo Ping , Luo Manyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy, which is an obesity-triggered kidney damage, has become a significant threat to human health. Several studies have recently highlighted the critical role of inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy development. Additionally, excess adipose tissue and adipocytes in patients with obesity produce various inflammatory factors that cause systemic low-grade inflammation with consequent damage to vascular endothelial cells, exacerbating glomerular injury. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive review of obesity-related glomerulopathy and addressed the critical role of obesity-induced chronic inflammation in obesity-related glomerulopathy pathogenesis and progression, which leads to tubular damage and proteinuria, ultimately impairing renal function. The relationship between obesity and obesity-related glomerulopathy is facilitated by a network of various inflammation-associated cells (including macrophages, lymphocytes, and mast cells) and a series of inflammatory mediators (such as tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) and their inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, we discuss a recently discovered relationship between micronutrients and obesity-related glomerulopathy inflammation and the important role of micronutrients in the body's anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, assessing these inflammatory molecules and pathways will provide a strong theoretical basis for developing therapeutic strategies based on anti-inflammatory effects to prevent or delay the onset of kidney injury.
The Phenomenology of the Face-to-Facetime: A Levinasian Critique of the Virtual Clinic
Authors: O’Brien Daniel C 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In order to promote social distancing during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, physicians and healthcare systems have made efforts to replace in-person with virtual clinic visits when feasible. While these efforts have been well received and seem compatible with sound clinical practice, they do not perfectly replicate the experience of a face-to-face exchange between doctor and patient. This essay attempts to describe features of the virtual visit that distinguish it from its face-to-face analog and considers the phenomenological work of Emmanuel Levinas in arguing that these differences may limit the force of the ethical summons a provider would otherwise experience before the face of a patient. The diminishment of this signal therapeutic experience may engender vocational as well as clinical consequences, which should be weighed against the practical benefits of the virtual visit as we consider whether our enthusiasm for this mode of practice should continue.
The contemporaneous phase of GRB afterglows – application to GRB 221009A
Authors: Derishev Evgeny , Piran Tsvi 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The TeV observations of GRB 221009A provided us with a unique opportunity to analyse the contemporaneous phase in which both prompt and afterglow emissions are seen simultaneously. To describe this initial phase of gamma-ray burst afterglows, we suggest a model for a blast wave with an intermittent energy supply. We treat the blast wave as a two-element structure. The central engine supplies energy to the inner part (shocked ejecta material) via the reverse shock. As the shocked ejecta material expands, its internal energy is transferred to the shocked external matter. We take into account the inertia of the shocked external material so that the pressure difference across this region determines the derivative of the blast wave’s Lorentz factor. Applied to GRB 221009A, the model yields a very good fit to the observations of the entire TeV light curve except for three regions where there are excesses in the data with respect to the model. Those are well correlated with the three largest episodes of the prompt activity and thus, we interpret them as the reverse shock emission. Our best-fitting solution for GRB 221009A is an extremely narrow jet with an opening angle θj ≈ 0.07° (500/Γ0) propagating into a wind-like external medium. This extremely narrow angle is consistent with the huge isotropic equivalent energy of this burst, and its inverse jet break explains the very rapid rise of the afterglow. Such inverse jet break occurs in an accelerating blast wave when the relativistic beaming becomes narrower than the jet’s opening angle. Interestingly, photon–photon annihilation does not play a decisive role in the best-fitting model.
Search and study for meteorites analogous to Didymos
Authors: Massa G , Palomba E , Longobardo A , Dirri F , Angrisani M , Gisellu C , Polishook D , Rivkin A S , Thomas C 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The Hera mission will arrive at the Didymos system to study the efficiency of momentum transfer and to further investigate the binary system in great detail after the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission impact. We took advantage of two online data bases of meteorites spectra and of recent Didymos spectra taken before and after the DART impact. We performed the first selection based on the comparison of the band centre values of the silicate absorption bands (localized at 1 and 2 μm) between Didymos and the meteorites. The second selection was made defining a four-dimensional space parameter whose dimensions were the band depth and the slope of the two bands, normalized to Didymos values. We introduced a distance measure to find the closest meteorites to Didymos in this space. Finally, we made the last selection based on other criteria, such as the presence of different spectra of the same meteorite, the presence of different spectra from different data bases, and the comparison with the literature. The result of this work is a list of six meteorites that are the most analogous to Didymos system. We also found out that Didymos is most probably mainly composed of L/LL ordinary chondrites, with a preference for the LL sub-type. From our list of meteorites, we were able to estimate the normalized abundance of olivine and pyroxene of Didymos. Finally, a match between Didymos and OC meteorites was also found in the Mid-InfraRed (MIR) range.
Tumor-treating fields dosimetry in glioblastoma: Insights into treatment planning, optimization, and dose–response relationships
Authors: Mikic Nikola , Gentilal Nichal , Cao Fang , Lok Edwin , Wong Eric T , Ballo Matthew , Glas Martin , Miranda Pedro C , Thielscher Axel , Korshoej Anders R 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Tumor-treating fields (TTFields) are currently a Category 1A treatment recommendation by the US National Comprehensive Cancer Center for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Although the mechanism of action of TTFields has been partly elucidated, tangible and standardized metrics are lacking to assess antitumor dose and effects of the treatment. This paper outlines and evaluates the current standards and methodologies in the estimation of the TTFields distribution and dose measurement in the brain and highlights the most important principles governing TTFields dosimetry. The focus is on clinical utility to facilitate a practical understanding of these principles and how they can be used to guide treatment. The current evidence for a correlation between TTFields dose, tumor growth, and clinical outcome will be presented and discussed. Furthermore, we will provide perspectives and updated insights into the planning and optimization of TTFields therapy for glioblastoma by reviewing how the dose and thermal effects of TTFields are affected by factors such as tumor location and morphology, peritumoral edema, electrode array position, treatment duration (compliance), array “edge effect,” electrical duty cycle, and skull-remodeling surgery. Finally, perspectives are provided on how to optimize the efficacy of future TTFields therapy.
Evaluation of Less Invasive Sampling Tools for the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: van Henten Saskia , Kassa Mekibib , Fikre Helina , Melkamu Roma , Mekonnen Tigist , Dessie Dilargachew , Mulaw Tadele , Bogale Tadfe , Engidaw Asinakew , Yeshanew Arega , Cnops Lieselotte , Vogt Florian , Moons Karel G M , van Griensven Johan , Pareyn Myrthe 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) usually relies on invasive samples, but it is unclear whether more patient-friendly tools are good alternatives for diverse lesions when used with polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Methods
Patients with suspected CL were enrolled consecutively in a prospective diagnostic accuracy study. We compared dental broach, tape disc, and microbiopsy samples with PCR as index tests, using PCR with skin slit samples as reference test. Subsequently, we constructed a composite reference test including microscopy, the 3 index tests and skin slit PCR, and we compared these same tests with the composite reference test. We assessed diagnostic accuracy parameters with 95% confidence intervals for all comparisons.

Results
Among 344 included patients, 282 (82.0%) had CL diagnosed, and 62 (18.0%) CL absence, by skin slit PCR. The sensitivity and specificity by PCR were 89.0% (95% confidence interval, 84.8%–92.1%) and 58.1% (45.7%–69.5%), respectively, for dental broach, 96.1% (93.2%–97.8%) and 27.4% (17.9%–39.6%) for tape disc, and 74.8% (66.3%–81.7%) and 72.7% (51.8%–86.8%) for microbiopsy. Several reference test–negative patients were consistently positive with the index tests. Using the composite reference test, dental broach, and skin slit had similar diagnostic performance.

Discussion
Dental broach seems a less invasive but similarly accurate alternative to skin slit for diagnosing CL when using PCR. Tape discs lack specificity and seem unsuitable for CL diagnosis without cutoff. Reference tests for CL are problematic, since using a single reference test is likely to miss true cases, while composite reference tests are often biased and impractical as they require multiple tests.
Trump Support Explains COVID-19 Health Behaviors in the United States
Authors: Gadarian Shana Kushner , Goodman Sara Wallace , Pepinsky Thomas B 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A wide range of empirical scholarship has documented a partisan gap in health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, but the political foundations and temporal dynamics of these partisan gaps remain poorly understood. Using an original six-wave individual panel study (n = 3,000) of Americans throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, we show that at the individual level, partisan differences in health behavior grew rapidly in the early months of the pandemic and are explained almost entirely by individual support for or opposition to President Trump. Our results comprise powerful evidence that Trump support (or opposition), rather than ideology or simple partisan identity, explains partisan gaps in health behavior in the United States. In a time of populist resurgence around the world, public health efforts must consider the impact of charismatic authority in addition to entrenched partisanship.