bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Id1 expression in CD4 T cells promotes differentiation and function of follicular helper T cells and upregulation of related functional molecules
Authors: Liu Chen , Zeng Xingyue , Xiong Ziqi , Bahabayi Ayibaota , Hasimu Ainizati , Liu Tianci , Zheng Mohan , Ren Liwei , Alimu Xiayidan , Lu Songsong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough the roles of E proteins and inhibitors of DNA‐binding (Id) in T follicular helper (TFH) and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells have been previously reported, direct models demonstrating the impact of multiple E protein members have been lacking. To suppress all E proteins including E2A, HEB and E2‐2, we overexpressed Id1 in CD4 cells using a CD4‐Id1 mouse model, to observe any changes in TFH and TFR cell differentiation. Our objective was to gain better understanding of the roles that E proteins and Id molecules play in the differentiation of TFH and TFR cells. The CD4‐Id1 transgenic (TG) mice that we constructed overexpressed Id1 in CD4 cells, inhibiting E protein function. Our results showed an increase in the proportion and absolute numbers of Treg, TFH and TFR cells in the spleen of TG mice. Additionally, the expression of surface characterisation molecules PD‐1 and ICOS was significantly upregulated in TFH and TFR cells. The study also revealed a downregulation of the marginal zone B cell precursor and an increase in the activation and secretion of IgG1 in spleen B cells. Furthermore, the peripheral TFH cells of TG mice enhanced the function of assisting B cells. RNA sequencing results indicated that a variety of TFH‐related functional molecules were upregulated in TFH cells of Id1 TG mice. In conclusion, E proteins play a crucial role in regulating TFH/TFR cell differentiation and function and suppressing E protein activity promotes germinal centre humoral immunity, which has important implications for immune regulation and treating related diseases.
Single‐cell transcriptomic and T cell antigen receptor analysis of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV)‐specific memory T cells reveals effectors and pre‐effectors of CD8+‐ and CD4+‐cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Kar Raunak , Chattopadhyay Somdeb , Sharma Anjali , Sharma Kirti , Sinha Shreya , Arimbasseri Gopalakrishnan Aneeshkumar , Patil Veena S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLatent human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection can pose a serious threat of reactivation and disease occurrence in immune‐compromised individuals. Although T cells are at the core of the protective immune response to hCMV infection, a detailed characterization of different T cell subsets involved in hCMV immunity is lacking. Here, in an unbiased manner, we characterized over 8000 hCMV‐reactive peripheral memory T cells isolated from seropositive human donors, at a single‐cell resolution by analysing their single‐cell transcriptomes paired with the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoires. The hCMV‐reactive T cells were highly heterogeneous and consisted of different developmental and functional memory T cell subsets such as, long‐term memory precursors and effectors, T helper‐17, T regulatory cells (TREGs) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) of both CD4 and CD8 origin. The hCMV‐specific TREGs, in addition to being enriched for molecules known for their suppressive functions, showed enrichment for the interferon response signature gene sets. The hCMV‐specific CTLs were of two types, the pre‐effector‐ and effector‐like. The co‐clustering of hCMV‐specific CD4‐CTLs and CD8‐CTLs in both pre‐effector as well as effector clusters suggest shared transcriptomic signatures between them. The huge TCR clonal expansion of cytotoxic clusters suggests a dominant role in the protective immune response to CMV. The study uncovers the heterogeneity in the hCMV‐specific memory T cells revealing many functional subsets with potential implications in better understanding of hCMV‐specific T cell immunity. The data presented can serve as a knowledge base for designing vaccines and therapeutics.
Revisiting the definition of humanitarian logistics
Authors: Kembro Joakim , Kunz Nathan , Frennesson Lina , Vega Diego 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHumanitarian logistics (HL) is a relatively new research area that requires clear boundaries and a defined foundational perspective. Recent disasters have shown that the scope of HL is expanding, as in cases of cash‐based interventions, outsourcing to commercial companies, and stronger involvement of local communities. These changes imply the importance of scrutinizing the old definitions of HL and determining whether they require adaptation. This step is important considering that inadequate definitions create (i) misconceptions about what HL is, (ii) a lack of unity and understanding of the field's research goals, (iii) confusion about what constitutes a contribution, and (iv) theoretical ambiguity, which masks promising research directions, fragments knowledge, and retards the progress of scientific research. Based on a structured review, we found that three definitions from around 2005 have predominated in the literature so far. We identified various issues with these definitions and then conducted an expert elicitation process to develop and validate an updated foundational perspective on HL. Finally, we analyzed the data collected from experts using the literature on what constitutes a “good definition.” This led us to propose a revised definition and accompanying properties for HL. We conclude the article by offering important avenues for future research.
Cardiac implantable electronic device‐induced tricuspid regurgitation: Implications and management
Authors: Murphy Sean P. , Lew Jeanney , Yucel Evin , Singh Jagmeet , Mela Theofanie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTricuspid regurgitation (TR) secondary to cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has been well documented and is associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes. A variety of mechanisms have been proposed including lead‐induced mechanical disruption of the tricuspid valvular or subvalvular apparatus and pacing‐induced electrical dyssynchrony. Patient characteristics such as age, sex, baseline atrial fibrillation, and pre‐existing TR have not been consistent predictors of CIED‐induced TR. While two‐dimensional echocardiography is helpful in assessing the severity of TR, three‐dimensional echocardiography has significantly improved accuracy in identifying the etiology of TR and whether lead position contributes to TR. Three‐dimensional echocardiography may therefore play a future role in optimizing lead positioning during implant to reduce the risk of CIED‐induced TR. Optimal lead management strategies in addition to percutaneous interventions and surgery in alleviating TR are very important.
Handling time‐varying treatments in observational studies: A scoping review and recommendations
Authors: Xu Jiayue , He Qiao , Wang Mingqi , Liu Mei , Li Qianrui , Ren Yan , Yao Minghong , Li Guowei , Lu Kevin , Zou Kang , Wang Wen , Sun Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTime‐varying treatments are common in observational studies. However, when assessing treatment effects, the methodological framework has not been systematically established for handling time‐varying treatments. This study aimed to examine the current methods for dealing with time‐varying treatments in observational studies and developed practical recommendations.MethodsWe searched PubMed from 2000 to 2021 for methodological articles about time‐varying treatments, and qualitatively summarized the current methods for handling time‐varying treatments. Subsequently, we developed practical recommendations through interactive internal group discussions and consensus by a panel of external experts.ResultsOf the 36 eligible reports (22 methodological reviews, 10 original studies, 2 tutorials and 2 commentaries), most examined statistical methods for time‐varying treatments, and only a few discussed the overarching methodological process. Generally, there were three methodological components to handle time‐varying treatments. These included the specification of treatment which may be categorized as three scenarios (i.e., time‐independent treatment, static treatment regime, or dynamic treatment regime); definition of treatment status which could involve three approaches (i.e., intention‐to‐treat, per‐protocol, or as‐treated approach); and selection of analytic methods. Based on the review results, a methodological workflow and a set of practical recommendations were proposed through two consensus meetings.ConclusionsThere is no consensus process for assessing treatment effects in observational studies with time‐varying treatments. Previous efforts were dedicated to developing statistical methods. Our study proposed a stepwise workflow with practical recommendations to assist the practice.
Quantifying the impact of crop coverings on honey bee orientation and foraging in sweet cherry orchards using RFID
Authors: Warren Ryan J. , Colin Théotime , Quarrell Stephen R. , Barron Andrew B. , Allen Geoff R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdvancements in agricultural production have seen the rapid adoption of protected cropping systems globally. Such systems have been optimized for plant growth and efficiency, with little understanding of the potential impacts to key insect pollinators. Here, we investigate the effect of bird netting and polythene rain covers on the health and performance of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) during the pollination of sweet cherry crops. Over two consecutive seasons, 12 full‐strength colonies were equipped with tagged bees and radio frequency identification (RFID) systems. The colonies were equally divided between open control, bird netted and polythene (semi‐permanent VOEN in 2019 and retractable Cravo in 2020) groups. Over 1300 individual bees were monitored for the duration of the commercial pollination period to determine behavioural parameters such as foraging commencement age, number and duration of trips and overall survival. Bees began foraging within the optimum age range (mean 15.7–24.1 days) under all covering types, with little indication of prolonged stress or increased mortality during the short season. Polythene covers (VOEN & Cravo) were found to significantly increase the total time needed for bees to orientate successfully. Once orientated, bees placed under covers conducted up to 155% more foraging trips, with a longer cumulative duration. Covering type was found to significantly impact the amount and type of pollen collected, with the most restrictive system (VOEN) yielding the highest proportion of cherry pollen. Overall, we found little evidence to suggest that the tested protective covers have a detrimental impact to honey bee foraging in cherry crops.
Extraction of phenolic compounds from spent coffee ground using natural deep eutectic solvents: New modeling approach
Authors: Bassani Andrea , García‐Roldán Aitor , Spigno Giorgia , Jauregi Paula 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe extraction of bioactive compounds from food wastes or by‐products with natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) could be an attractive alternative to traditional hydroalcoholic extraction but needs to be optimized taking advantage of modeling. This work aims to propose, develop, and discuss a new model for the extraction of phenolic compounds from spent coffee grounds (SCGs) using NADES to overcome some gaps related to the kinetic extraction models and the surface response methodology. The model presented is based on the same assumption as the kinetic model, but improving it to be able to predict phenolic extraction changing different process parameters (e.g., water content, time of extraction, temperature, etc.) using betaine: triethylene glycol (molar ratio 1:2). The model was validated on the extraction of total phenolic compounds from SCG as a function of water content of NADES ranging from 30 to 60% v/v. There was good agreement between experimental and simulated data and even, in some cases, better than with the second‐order kinetic models. In addition, the new model needs fewer parameters to be regressed concerning the specific case investigated in this work. This model and methodology can be the basis for further modeling applicable to other bioactives, and/or other NADES and feedstocks.Practical ApplicationsNatural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) can be a potential sustainable solvent for the valorization of food by‐products as they can be used to extract bioactive compounds with high added value. This extraction process needs to be optimized depending on several factors like water content in NADES solution, solids ratio, extraction time, and temperature. The model validated in this work on spent coffee ground (SCG) could be used for this purpose, improving the gaps related to the kinetic extraction models and the surface response methodology (RSM). The new model enables predicting the behavior of the process as a function of the parameters previously mentioned and reduces the number of experimental trials required compared with RSM. In particular, the new model was validated on the variation of water content in NADES solution. Certainly, this model will need to be further validated, but, once further studies are conducted, this model could be used for scale‐up calculation and design optimization of the industrial process.
Effects of a dual‐task activity on gait parameters of people with and without intellectual disabilities
Authors: Cabrera‐Linares J. C. , Latorre Román P. Á. , Párraga Montilla J. A. , Andrade‐Lara K. E. , Ruiz‐Peralvarez F. J. , Gutierrez‐Cruz C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe main objective of this study was to evaluate gait parameters in people with intellectual disability (ID) and without intellectual disability (WID) in two different walking conditions [single task vs. dual task (DT)]. A secondary aim was to evaluate the dual‐task cost (DTC) that the DT causes in each group.MethodsA total of 119 participants joined in this study: 56 ID (30 men) and 63 WID (30 men). The OptoGait system was used to assess gait. In addition, Witty photocells were added to assess gait under the DT condition.ResultsSingle support time was lower for participants with ID (P < 0.01), while double support time was higher (P < 0.05). All coefficients of variation for gait parameters were higher in participants with ID. Additionally, changes in gait were observed in both groups during the DT condition compared with the single‐task condition. These changes were larger for participants with ID in step length, double support time and gait speed (P < 0.001), resulting in a higher DTC in these variables in the ID group (P < 0.01).ConclusionsBoth groups reduced gait performance in the DT condition. However, greater gait variability occurred in the ID group. In addition, DTC was higher for the ID group in all variables analysed. Therefore, people with ID show worse gait performance during a DT than people WID.
Improving Equitable Postpartum Care in an Urban Private Clinic with Predominantly Black Patients
Authors: Tello Yannique , Gianelis Kristin A. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMaternal health disparities based on race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors exist in the United States, with Black women experiencing significantly worse outcomes. With much of perinatal morbidity and mortality attributed to the postpartum period, attention to equitable postpartum care is necessary for addressing this disparity.ProcessA rapid‐cycle quality improvement initiative was implemented in an urban clinic serving predominantly Black, Medicaid‐insured clients. Although baseline data indicated 95% of clients experienced comorbidities, only 65% attended a comprehensive postpartum visit (PPV). The project's goal was to improve equitable postpartum care by increasing PPV attendance and quality of postpartum care to 90% in 8 weeks. The clinical team was engaged throughout to promote organizational change within the clinic. A provider checklist was implemented to improve PPV care metrics, and shared decision‐making was initiated surrounding contraception and mood disorders. A care log tracked clinical practice guideline adherence with regular feedback informing the change process.OutcomesPostpartum care improved across a variety of factors studied over 8 weeks. The provider checklist prompted a 78% documentation rate of PPV care metrics, and care log tracking reflected an ending PPV attendance rate of 93%. Client satisfaction with postpartum care education was measured using a Likert scale of 1 to 5 (1 = dissatisfied and 5 = satisfied) with a noted improvement from a baseline score of 4.3 to an overall mean of 4.8.DiscussionThis quality initiative addressed a key factor in health equity for a predominantly Black, Medicaid‐insured population in an urban clinic by raising PPV attendance rates above national standards of 90% and improving client satisfaction and the quality of care received during these visits. The project was low cost and created sustainable systems for maintaining evidence‐based equitable care. Limitations included the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic, clinic staff turnover, and staff and client biases. Continued innovative research targeted at improving health equity is needed.
Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women after treatment with assisted reproductive technology: A birth cohort study
Authors: Gao Haiyan , Miao Chong , Liu Wenjuan , Sun Yan , Li Haibo , Wu Zhengqin , Li Wei , Xu Liangjie , Sun Bin , Zheng Beihong , Zhu Yibing 
Published: March 2024

SummaryMaternal sleep is closely related to subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in natural pregnancies. However, whether this connection exists in pregnant women conceiving with the help of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has not been confirmed. Hence, in this study, we evaluated whether early pregnancy sleep duration or sleep quality is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in ART‐pregnant women, as well as the influence of maternal age on this association. This prospective birth cohort study included 856 pregnant women who successfully conceived with the help of ART treatment. The sleep parameters of ART‐pregnant women were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in early pregnancy. We explored the association between sleep and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus using an unconditional binary logistic regression model. Different models were constructed to examine the robustness of the estimation by incorporating different confounding factors. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that sleep duration of more than 10 h among ART‐pregnant women was significantly associated with the risk of GDM, and the association between sleep duration and gestational diabetes mellitus varied by maternal age. We found an increased risk of subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus with increasing sleep duration only in pregnant women aged <35 years. Additionally, no statistically significant association between sleep quality and gestational diabetes mellitus was found in this study. In conclusion, excessive sleep duration (≥10 h) is associated with a high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women who conceived with the help of assisted reproductive technology, and maternal age may modify this effect.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change in former Australian rugby players
Authors: Shepherd Claire E. , McCann Heather , McLean Catriona A. , Iverson Grant L. , Gardner Andrew J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsWe applied the 2021 consensus criteria for both chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathological change and traumatic encephalopathy syndrome in a small case series of six former elite‐level Australian rugby code players.MethodsNeuropathological assessment of these cases was carried out at the Sydney and Victorian Brain Banks. Clinical data were collected via clinical interviews and health questionnaires completed by the participants and/or their next of kin, and neuropsychological testing was conducted with participants who were capable of completing this testing.ResultsAll cases exhibited progressive cognitive impairment during life. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathological change was identified in four out of the six cases. However, coexisting neuropathologies were common, with limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy and ageing‐related tau astrogliopathy seen in all cases, intermediate or high Alzheimer's disease neuropathological change seen in four cases and hippocampal sclerosis seen in two of the six cases.ConclusionThe presence of multiple neuropathologies in these cases complicates clinical diagnostic efforts for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. It will be important for further clinicopathological studies on larger groups to report all neuropathological comorbidities found in cases diagnosed with either chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathological change and/or traumatic encephalopathy syndrome.
Organelle Ca2+/CAM1‐SELTP confers somatic cell embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation in plant regeneration
Authors: Guo Huihui , Guo Haixia , Zhang Li , Tian Xindi , Wu Jianfei , Fan Yupeng , Li Tongtong , Gou Zhongyuan , Sun Yuxiao , Gao Fan , Wang Jianjun , Shan Guangyao , Zeng Fanchang 
Published: March 2024

Summary

Somatic cell totipotency in plant regeneration represents the forefront of the compelling scientific puzzles and one of the most challenging problems in biology. How somatic embryogenic competence is achieved in regeneration remains elusive.

Here, we discover uncharacterized organelle‐based embryogenic differentiation processes of intracellular acquisition and intercellular transformation, and demonstrate the underlying regulatory system of somatic embryogenesis‐associated lipid transfer protein (SELTP) and its interactor calmodulin1 (CAM1) in cotton as the pioneer crop for biotechnology application. The synergistic CAM1 and SELTP exhibit consistent dynamical amyloplast–plasmodesmata (PD) localization patterns but show opposite functional effects.

CAM1 inhibits the effect of SELTP to regulate embryogenic differentiation for plant regeneration. It is noteworthy that callus grafting assay reflects intercellular trafficking of CAM1 through PD for embryogenic transformation.

This work originally provides insight into the mechanisms responsible for embryogenic competence acquisition and transformation mediated by the Ca2+/CAM1‐SELTP regulatory pathway, suggesting a principle for plant regeneration and cell/genetic engineering.