bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic induction of cyclin D1 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by IGF‐I and FGF‐2 requires differential stimulation of multiple signaling pathways
Authors: Frederick Terra J. , Min Jungsoo , Altieri Stefanie C. , Mitchell Nina E. , Wood Teresa L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractD‐type cyclins are direct targets of extracellular signals and critical regulators of G1 progression. Our previous data demonstrated that IGF‐I and FGF‐2 synergize to enhance cyclin D1 expression, cyclin E/cdk2 complex activation, and S‐phase entry in OP cells. Here, we provide a mechanistic explanation for how two growth factor signaling pathways converge on a major cell cycle regulator. IGF‐I and FGF‐2 differentially activate signaling pathways to coordinately promote cyclin D1 expression. We show that the p44/p42 MAPK signaling pathway is essential for FGF‐2 induction of cyclin D1 mRNA. In contrast, blocking the PI3‐Kinase pathway results in loss of IGF‐I/FGF‐2 synergistic induction of cyclin D1 protein levels. Moreover, the presence of IGF‐I significantly enhances nuclear localization of cyclin D1, which also requires PI3K signaling. GSK‐3β, a downstream target of the PI3K/Akt pathway, is phosphorylated in the presence of IGF‐I in OPs. Consistent with a known role for GSK‐3β in cyclin D1 degradation, we show that proteasome inhibition in OPs exposed to FGF‐2 increased cyclin D1 levels, equivalent to levels seen in IGF‐I/FGF‐2 treated cells. Thus, we provide a model for cyclin D1 coordinate regulation where FGF‐2 stimulation of the MAPK pathway promotes cyclin D1 mRNA expression while IGF‐I activation of the PI3K pathway inhibits proteasome degradation of cyclin D1 and enhances nuclear localization of cyclin D1. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential prognostic impact of comorbidity in head and neck cancer
Authors: Alho Olli‐Pekka , Hannula Kalle , Luokkala Antti , Teppo Heikki , Koivunen Petri , Kantola Saara 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground.The aim was to investigate how the effect of comorbid illnesses on survival is modified by other prognostic factors in head and neck cancer.Methods.A population‐based retrospective cohort study involved 221 patients residing in 1 primary health care district (population about 700,000) in whom head and neck carcinoma was diagnosed between January 1, 1986, and December 31, 1996. Data on clinical characteristics and survival were obtained from patient charts. Comorbidity was classified according to Charlson score.Results.At 3 years, the risk of death was significantly higher among the patients with high comorbidity status (score 3 or higher) (adjusted hazard ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.2–3.7). The excess risk associated with comorbidity, however, was confined to the subjects aged under 65 years and those with tongue or laryngeal tumors or stage I–II cancer.Conclusion.To assess the prognostic significance of comorbidity for an individual patient with head and neck cancer, age, tumor site, and cancer stage must be considered. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Quality of life and voice in patients after laser cordectomy for TIS and T1 glottic carcinomas
Authors: Roh Jong‐Lyel , Kim Dong‐Hyun , Yoon Kim Sang , Park Chan Il 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground.Laser cordectomy is gaining popularity for treatment of early glottic carcinoma, but little is known about vocal and quality of life (QOL) outcomes as a function of extent of resection. We prospectively examined QOL and vocal function of patients with carcinoma in situ (Tis) or T1 glottic carcinomas after laser cordectomy.Methods.Patients (n = 75) were grouped into those who underwent unilateral subepithelial or subligamental resection (group A, n = 45); those who underwent unilateral transmuscular or total cordectomy (group B, n = 17); and those who underwent extended or bilateral cordectomy including the anterior commissure (group C, n = 19). The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer head and neck cancer specific module (QLQ‐H&N35), voice handicap index (VHI), and objective vocal function were examined before and 1 year after cordectomy and compared among the groups.Results.No major complications were encountered, but local recurrence occurred in 10 patients, with group C showing the highest rate (6/19, 31.6%). Patient‐reported speech and social contact scores of QOL questionnaire and VHI scores after surgery were higher in groups B and C than in group A (p < .05). The scores and perceptual and acoustic data were generally improved in all groups after surgery, but were statistically significant only in group A (p < .03).Conclusion.Our data suggest that early glottic cancers with a limited extent and infiltration depth have improved outcomes, both oncologically and functionally, compared to those lesions requiring extensive laser resection. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 2007
Synthesis of Benzodioxepinone Analogues via a Novel Synthetic Route with Qualitative Olfactory Evaluation
Authors: Drevermann Britta , Lingham Anthony R. , Hügel Helmut M. , Marriott Philip J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMarine odorants represent a minor yet diverse class of substances within the fragrance industry, of which 7‐methyl‐2H‐1,5‐benzodioxepin‐3(4H)‐one (1) is commercially known as Calone 1951®, a synthetic first in the area of marine‐fragrance chemistry. To determine the extent to which the characteristic marine odor of Calone 1951® corresponds to the substitution at the benzo portion of the molecule, a variety of aromatic substituents were incorporated into the benzodioxepinone structure (Scheme 1, Table 3). In light of the difficulty experienced in applying patented literature to deriving the analogues 12–18, particularly those with electron‐withdrawing substituents, an alternative synthetic scheme was implemented for the construction of all analogues in favorable yields (Scheme 4, Table 3). Formation of the hydroxy‐protected dihalo alkylating agent 24 via epoxide cleavage of epichlorohydrin (Scheme 3) allowed etherification favoring dihalo displacement and subsequent intramolecular ring closure (→26a–g). THP Deprotection followed by oxidation of the alcohols 27a–g to the ketones 12–18 provided a general pathway to the benzodioxepinone products. The influence of the substituent nature on odor activity revealed a diverse scope of olfactory character (Table 4).
Sesquiterpenoids and Lactone Derivatives from Ligularia dentata
Authors: Baba Hitomi , Yaoita Yasunori , Kikuchi Masao 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSeven new compounds were isolated from the roots of Ligularia dentata, including five bisabolane‐type sesquiterpenoids (bisabolane=1‐(1,5‐dimethylhexyl)‐4‐methylcyclohexane), namely (8β,10α)‐8‐(angeloyloxy)‐5,10‐epoxybisabola‐1,3,5,7(14)‐tetraene‐2,4,11‐triol (1), (8β,10α)‐8‐(angeloyloxy)‐5,10‐epoxythiazolo[5,4‐a]bisabola‐1,3,5,7(14)‐tetraene‐4,11‐diol (2), (1α,2α,3β,5α,6β)‐1,5,8‐tris(angeloyloxy)‐10,11‐epoxy‐2,3‐dihydroxybisabol‐7(14)‐en‐4‐one (3), (1α,2α,3β,5α,6β)‐2,5,8‐tris(angeloyloxy)‐10,11‐epoxy‐1,3‐dihydroxybisabol‐7(14)‐en‐4‐one (4), and (1α,2β,3β,5α,6β)‐1,8‐bis(angeloyloxy)‐2,3‐epoxy‐5,10‐dihydroxy‐11‐methoxybisabol‐7(14)‐en‐4‐one (5) (angeloyloxy=[(2Z)‐2‐methyl‐1‐oxobut‐2‐enyl]oxy), and two lactone derivatives, (2α,3β,5α)‐2‐(acetyloxy)‐9‐methoxy‐5‐(methoxycarbonyl)‐2,3‐dimethylheptano‐5‐lactone (6), and (2β,4β)‐2‐ethyl‐5‐hydroxy‐5‐(methoxycarbonyl)‐4,5‐dimethylpentano‐4‐lactone (7) (α/β denote relative configurations), together with (2E,4R,5S)‐2‐ethylidene‐5‐(methoxycarbonyl)‐4‐methylhexano‐5‐lactone (8), a known synthetic compound. Compound 2 is the first sesquiterpenoid derivative containing the uncommon benzothiazole moiety. The structures of 1–8 were established by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D‐NMR and MS analyses.
Steroidal Alkaloids from the Roots and Rhizomes of Vertrum nigrum L.
Authors: Cong Yue , Jia William , Chen Jing , Song Shuang , Wang Jin‐Hui , Yang Yu‐Hui 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo new steroidal alkaloids, neoverapatuline (1) and (1β,3α,5β)‐1,3‐dihydroxyjervanin‐12‐en‐11‐one (2), together with the four known compounds, veratramine (3), rubijervine (4), veratrosine (5), and veratroylzygadenine (6), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum L. Their structures were established through combined analyses of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence. All compounds 1–6 were tested for their cytotoxicities in vitro against the human glioma cell line SF188.
Oligonucleotide Analogues with Integrated Bases and Backbone. Part 16
Authors: Zhang Xiaomin , Bernet Bruno , Vasella Andrea 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe self‐complementary, ethylene‐linked U*[ca]A(*) dinucleotide analogues 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18, and the sequence‐isomeric A*[ca]U(*) analogues 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, and 30 were obtained by Pd/C‐catalyzed hydrogenation of the corresponding, known ethynylene‐linked dimers. The association of the ethylene‐linked dimers was investigated by NMR and CD spectroscopy. The U*[ca]A(*) dimers form linear duplexes and higher associates (K between 29 and 114M−1). The A*[ca]U(*) dimers, while associating more strongly (K between 88 and 345M−1), lead mostly to linear duplexes and higher associates; they form only minor amounts of cyclic duplexes. The enthalpy–entropy compensation characterizing the association of the U*[cx]A(*) and A*[cx]U(*) dimers (x=y, e, and a) is discussed.
Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing 2′‐Deoxy‐1‐methyladenosine andDimrothRearrangement
Authors: Timofeev Edward N. , Mikhailov Sergey N. , Zuev Andrei N. , Efimtseva Ekaterina V. , Herdewijn Piet , Somers Robert L. , Lemaitre Marc M. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract2′‐Deoxy‐1‐methyladenosine was incorporated into synthetic oligonucleotides by phosphoramidite chemistry. Chloroacetyl protecting group and controlled anhydrous deprotection conditions were used to avoidDimrothrearrangement. Hybridization studies of intramolecular duplexes showed that introduction of a modified residue into the loop region of the oligonucleotide hairpin increases the melting temperature. It was shown that modified oligonucleotides may be easily transformed into oligonucleotides containing 2′‐deoxy‐N6‐methyladenosine.
Two New Lignan Glycosides from Saussurea laniceps
Authors: Zhou Zhi‐Wang , Yin Sheng , Wang Xiao‐Ning , Fan Cheng‐Qi , Li Hui , Yue Jian‐Min 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo new lignan glycosides, lanicepsides A and B (1 and 2), along with the eight known compounds 3–6, epipinoresinol, syringin, ethyl caffeate, and 5,6,7‐trihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyflavone, including sesquiterpene lactones, lignans, and a flavone, were isolated from the ethanol extract of Saussurea laniceps. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods especially 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques.
Liquid‐Crystalline Mixed [5 : 1]Hexa‐adducts of [60]Fullerene. Preliminary Communication
Authors: Gottis Sébastien , Kopp Cyril , Allard Emmanuel , Deschenaux Robert 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA liquid‐crystalline mixed [5 : 1]hexa‐adduct of [60]fullerene was synthesized by addition of two different malonate derivatives onto C60. The hexa‐adduct derivative 2 was prepared by a stepwise synthetic procedure (fullerene→mono‐adduct of C60→hexa‐adduct of C60). Cyanobiphenyl and octyloxybiphenyl derivatives were selected as mesogens. The malonate derivatives showed either a monotropic nematic phase or a monotropic smectic A phase, and the hexa‐adduct derivative gave rise to an enantiotropic smectic A phase.
Synthetic Studies on Coenzyme Q10. Part 3
Authors: Yu Xiong‐Jie , Dai Hui‐Fang , Chen Fen‐Er 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn efficient and stereoselective approach to the synthesis of coenzyme Q10 is described (Scheme). The MeOCH2‐protected p‐hydroquinone 4 containing the C5 (E)‐allyl (tert‐butyl)dimethylsilyl ether moiety was obtained via a halogen–lithium exchange of the MeOCH2‐proctected 2‐bromo‐5,6‐dimethoxy‐3‐methylhydroquinone 2 and subsequent addition to (E)‐(tBuMe2Si)‐OCH2C(Me)=CHCH2Br (3). The reductive desulfonylation of compound 8, obtained from 4 via 5–7, was successfully carried out by employing Li/EtNH2.
Two New Iridoid Alkaloids, Daphmacropodosidines A and B, from Daphniphyllum macropodum
Authors: Kong Ning‐Chuan , He Hong‐Ping , Wang Yue‐Hu , Gao Suo , Di Yun‐Tong , Hao Xiao‐Jiang 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo new iridoid alkaloids, daphmacropodosidines A (1) and B (2), together with two known ones, daphcalycinosidine B and caldaphnidine F, were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum maropodum. Their structures were established by spectral methods, especially 2D NMR spectra (1H,1H‐COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY), as well as chemical means.
Stereoselective and Enantioselective Syntheses of the Four Stereoisomers of Muscol from (3RS)‐Muscone
Authors: Yuasa Yoshifumi , Fukaya Haruhiko , Yuasa Yoko 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTwo trans stereoisomers of 3‐methylcyclopentadecanol (=muscol), (1R,3R)‐2 and (1S,3S)‐2, were efficiently synthesized from (3RS)‐3‐methylcyclopentadecanone (=muscone; (3RS)‐1) by a highly stereoselective reduction (Scheme). L‐Selectride® (=lithium tri(sec‐butyl)borohydride) was used, followed by the enantiomer resolution by lipase QLG (Alcaligenes sp.). The cis stereoisomers of muscol, (1S,3R)‐2 and (1R,3S)‐2, were obtained by the Mitsunobu inversion of (1R,3R)‐2 and (1S,3S)‐2, respectively (Scheme). The absolute configuration of (1R,3R)‐2 was determined by X‐ray crystal‐structure analysis of its 3‐nitrophthalic acid monoester, 2‐[(1R,3R)‐3‐methylcyclopentadecyl hydrogen benzene‐1,2‐dicarboxylate ((1R,3R)‐3b), and by oxidation of (1R,3R)‐2 to (3R)‐muscone.
Reactions of Di(tert‐butyl)diazomethane with Acceptor‐Substituted Ethylenes
Authors: Huisgen Rolf , Pöchlauer Peter , Mlostoń Grzegorz , Polborn Kurt 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDi(tert‐butyl)diazomethane (4) is a nucleophilic 1,3‐dipole with strong steric hindrance at one terminus. In its reaction with 2,3‐bis(trifluoromethyl)fumaronitrile ((E)‐BTE), a highly electrophilic tetra‐acceptor‐substituted ethene, an imino‐substituted cyclopentene 9 is formed as a 1 : 2 product. The open‐chain zwitterion 10, assumed as intermediate, adds the second molecule of (E)‐BTE. The 19F‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra allow the structural assignment of two diastereoisomers, 9A and 9B. The zwitterion 10 can also be intercepted by dimethyl 2,3‐dicyanofumarate (11) and furnishes diastereoisomeric cyclopentenes 12A and 12B; an X‐ray‐analysis of 12B confirms the ‘mixed’ 1 : 1 : 1 product. Competing is an (E)‐BTE‐catalyzed decomposition of 4 to give 2,3,4,4‐tetramethylpent‐1‐ene (7)+N2; the reaction of (E)‐BTE with a trace of water appears to be responsible for the chain initiation. The H2SO4‐catalyzed decomposition of diazoalkane 4, indeed, produced the alkene 7 in high yield. The attack on the hindered diazoalkane 4 by 11 is slower than that by (E)‐BTE; the zwitterionic intermediate 21 undergoes cyclization and furnishes the tetrasubstituted furan 22. In fumaronitrile, electrophilicity and steric demand are diminished, and a 1,3‐cycloaddition produces the 4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole derivative 25. The reaction of 4 with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate leads to pyrazole 29+isobutene.
Simulating watershed runoff with a new data model
Authors: Reitsma Femke , Dubayah Ralph 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper presents the implementation of a new data model for simulating watershed runoff. This data model, called nen, allows users to visualize and analyse the processes that are simulated in the watershed runoff model. It extends data models typically used in modelling watershed runoff, such as raster, that do not give direct insight into the spatial dynamics and distribution of the processes expressed in the model. Data from the Upper Sheep Creek sub‐watershed in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed was used to illustrate the methodology within the context of runoff simulation. Model results, while consistent with standard approaches to validation against a hydrograph, require new methods of validation for testing the process descriptions and simulated process results that are unique outputs of this model. Future developments aim at creating analytical and validation techniques and further developing the simulator to allow for larger scale modelling. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A semi‐theoretical model of canopy rainfall interception for a broad‐leaved tree
Authors: Wang Anzhi , Diao Yiwei , Pei Tiefan , Jin Changjie , Zhu Jiaojun 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThrough a series of simulation experiments in the laboratory on the broad‐leaved tree Acer mono Maxim, we obtain interception datasets of individual events under different rainfall intensities and leaf area indexes (LAIs). Based on the data, the relationship between rainfall intensity and maximum interception of per unit LAI is quantified. The variation of interception with canopy wetness index is also identified. Hence, an interception model, in which interception is calculated using rainfall intensity and LAI, is constructed with consideration of canopy wetness. Finally, according to the validation experiments, it is concluded that the precision of the model is 92·7%. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancements to, and forthcoming developments in the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS)
Authors: Helfrich Sean R. , McNamara Donna , Ramsay Bruce H. , Baldwin Thomas , Kasheta Tim 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NOAA/NESDIS) Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System (IMS) has undergone substantial changes since its inception in 1997. These changes include the data sources used to generate the product, methodology of product creation, and even changes in the output. Among the most notable of the past upgrades to the IMS are a 4‐km resolution grid output, ingest of an automated snow detection algorithm, expansion to a global extent, and a static Digital Elevation Model for mapping based on elevation. Further developments to this dynamic system will continue as NOAA strives to improve snow parameterization for weather forecast modeling. Several future short‐term enhancements will be evaluated for possible transition to operations before the Northern Hemisphere winter of 2006–2007. Current and historical data will be adopted to a geographic information systems (GIS) format before 2007, as well. Longer‐term enhancements are also planned to account for new snow data sources, mapping methodologies and user requirements. These modifications are being made with care to preserve the integrity of the long‐standing satellite‐derived snow record that is vital to global change detection. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AMSR‐E algorithm for snowmelt onset detection in sub‐arctic heterogeneous terrain
Authors: Apgar Jeremy D. , Ramage Joan M. , McKenney Rose A. , Maltais Patrick 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe onset of snowmelt in the upper Yukon River basin, Canada, can be derived from brightness temperatures (Tb) obtained by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR‐E) on NASA's Aqua satellite. This sensor, with a resolution of 14 × 8 km2 for the 36·5 GHz frequency, and two to four observations per day, improves upon the twice‐daily coverage and 37 × 28 km2 spatial resolution of the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I). The onset of melt within a snowpack causes an increase in the average daily 36·5 GHz vertically polarized Tb as well as a shift to high diurnal amplitude variations (DAV) as the snow melts during the day and re‐freezes at night. The higher temporal and spatial resolution makes AMSR‐E more sensitive to sub‐daily Tb oscillations, resulting in DAV that often show a greater daily range compared to SSM/I. Therefore, thresholds of Tb > 246 K and DAV > ± 10 K developed for use with SSM/I have been adjusted for detecting the onset of snowmelt with AMSR‐E using ground‐based surface temperature and snowpack wetness relationships. Using newly developed thresholds of Tb > 252 K and DAV > ± 18 K, AMSR‐E derived snowmelt onset correlates well with SSM/I observations in the small subarctic Wheaton River basin through the 2004 and 2005 winter/spring transition. In addition, the onset of snowmelt derived from AMSR‐E data gridded at a higher resolution than the SSM/I data indicates that finer‐scale differences in elevation and land cover affect the onset of snowmelt and are detectable with the AMSR‐E sensor. On the basis of these observations, the enhanced resolution of AMSR‐E is more effective than SSM/I at delineating spatial and temporal snowmelt dynamics in the heterogeneous terrain of the upper Yukon River basin. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS‐1) plays a unique role in normal epidermal physiology
Authors: Sadagurski Marianna , Nofech‐Mozes Sharon , Weingarten Galina , White Morris F. , Kadowaki Takashi , Wertheimer Efrat 
Published: May 2007

AbstractInsulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins play a central role in insulin signaling. Previously we have demonstrated that insulin is essential for normal skin development and function. In the present study we investigated the involvement of the IRS‐1 and IRS‐2 proteins in skin physiology and in mediating insulin action in skin. For this purpose we have investigated the effects of inactivation of each of the IRSs on skin, studying skin sections and primary skin cells derived from IRS‐1 or IRS‐2 null mice. We have demonstrated that while the skin of the IRS‐2 null mice appeared normal, the skin of the IRS‐1 null mice was thinner and translucent. Histological analysis revealed that the thinning of the IRS‐1 null skin was a consequence of the thinning of the spinous compartment, consisting of fewer layers. Proliferation of the IRS‐1 and IRS‐2 null skin epidermal cells was normal. However, the differentiation process of the IRS‐1 skin and skin cells was impaired. There was a marked decrease in the induction of the expression of K1, the marker of advanced stages of skin differentiation. In contrary, IRS‐2 inactivation had no effects on skin differentiation. In conclusion, we have shown for the first time that IRS‐1 but not IRS‐2 has an effect on skin formation and development, being one of the main activators of the differentiation process in skin keratinocytes. Furthermore, we suggest that IRS‐1 and IRS‐2 have distinct roles in skin physiology. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 519–527, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.