bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the internet and traditional media among young people
Authors: Chan Kara , Fang Wei 
Published: November 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the use of traditional media as well as the internet among young people in Hong Kong. With the fast development of the internet, the use of interpersonal as well as computer‐mediated communication has changed greatly. A study of how young people use traditional and new media is crucial as it enables commercial and social marketers to fully understand the role of mass mediated messages in the lives of youth. As the youth market expands and consumption power increases, marketers need to capture the latest trends in order to reach the young generation.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 405 Chinese persons aged 15 to 24 in Hong Kong was conducted in February 2006 using a self‐administered questionnaire. Undergraduate students distributed and collected these questionnaires through face‐to‐face interactions.FindingsThe study finds that the internet plays a prominent role among the young people in Hong Kong. A majority of respondents aged 15 to 24 spent one to three hours per day in the internet. The main reasons for internet usage were for listening to music and for fun. The internet was the preferred media choice for information‐driven activities. Magazines retained importance for entertainment and shopping activities while the television retained importance for news and current affairs. Most of the respondents found useful web sites through search engines. Interpersonal information sources gave way to the internet for obtaining information about sensitive issues.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample was a convenience sample and this will limit its generalization.Practical implicationsThe twenty‐first century is a digital age. Marketers should face this challenge. They should take an active role in building their online communication platforms. Social services marketers targeting young consumers should establish a strong presence in the internet.Originality/valueThis paper offers an updated map of the Hong Kong young people's media usage, especially the use of internet. It provides guidelines for marketers to reach them in a cost effective manner.
Modeling of protein binary complexes using structural mass spectrometry data
Authors: Kamal J.K. Amisha , Chance Mark R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this article, we describe a general approach to modeling the structure of binary protein complexes using structural mass spectrometry data combined with molecular docking. In the first step, hydroxyl radical mediated oxidative protein footprinting is used to identify residues that experience conformational reorganization due to binding or participate in the binding interface. In the second step, a three‐dimensional atomic structure of the complex is derived by computational modeling. Homology modeling approaches are used to define the structures of the individual proteins if footprinting detects significant conformational reorganization as a function of complex formation. A three‐dimensional model of the complex is constructed from these binary partners using the ClusPro program, which is composed of docking, energy filtering, and clustering steps. Footprinting data are used to incorporate constraints—positive and/or negative—in the docking step and are also used to decide the type of energy filter—electrostatics or desolvation—in the successive energy‐filtering step. By using this approach, we examine the structure of a number of binary complexes of monomeric actin and compare the results to crystallographic data. Based on docking alone, a number of competing models with widely varying structures are observed, one of which is likely to agree with crystallographic data. When the docking steps are guided by footprinting data, accurate models emerge as top scoring. We demonstrate this method with the actin/gelsolin segment‐1 complex. We also provide a structural model for the actin/cofilin complex using this approach which does not have a crystal or NMR structure.
Profiling and classification tree applied to renal epithelial tumours
Authors: Allory Y , Bazille C , Vieillefond A , Molinié V , Cochand‐Priollet B , Cussenot O , Callard P , Sibony M 
Published: November 2007

Aims:  Selection of the relevant combination from a growing list of candidate immunohistochemical biomarkers constitutes a real challenge. The aim was to establish the minimal subset of antibodies to achieve classification on the basis of 12 antibodies and 309 renal tumours.Methods and results:  Seventy‐nine clear cell (CC), 88 papillary (PAP) and 50 chromophobe (CHRO) renal cell carcinomas, and 92 oncocytomas (ONCO) were immunostained for renal cell carcinoma antigen, vimentin, cytokeratin (CK) AE1–AE3, CK7, CD10, epithelial membrane antigen, α‐methylacyl‐CoA racemase (AMACR), c‐kit, E‐cadherin, Bcl‐1, aquaporin 1 and mucin‐1 and analysed by tissue microarrays. First, unsupervised hierarchical clustering performed with immunohistochemical profiles identified four main clusters—cluster 1 (CC 67%), 2 (PAP 98%), 3 (CHRO 67%) and 4 (ONCO 100%)—demonstrating the intrinsic classifying potential of immunohistochemistry. A series of classification trees was then automatically generated using Classification And Regression Tree software. The most powerful of these classification trees sequentially used AMACR, CK7 and CD10 (with 86% CC, 87% PAP, 79% CHRO and 78% ONCO correctly classified in a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation test). The classifier was also helpful in 22/30 additional cases with equivocal features.Conclusion:  The classification tree method using immunohistochemical profiles can be applied successfully to construct a renal tumour classifier.
Mutation of a single residue, β‐glutamate‐20, alters protein–lipid interactions of light harvesting complex II
Authors: Kwa Lee Gyan , Wegmann Dominik , Brügger Britta , Wieland Felix T. , Wanner Gerhard , Braun Paula 
Published: November 2007

SummaryIt is well established that assembly of the peripheral antenna complex, LH2, is required for proper photosynthetic membrane biogenesis in the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The underlying interactions are, as yet, not understood. Here we examined the relationship between the morphology of the photosynthetic membrane and the lipid–protein interactions at the LH2–lipid interface. The non‐bilayer lipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, is shown to be highly enriched in the boundary lipid phase of LH2. Sequence alignments indicate a putative lipid binding site, which includes β‐glutamate‐20 and the adjacent carotenoid end group. Replacement of β‐glutamate‐20 with alanine results in significant reduction of phosphatidylethanolamine and concomitant raise in phosphatidylcholine in the boundary lipid phase of LH2 without altering the lipid composition of the bulk phase. The morphology of the LH2 housing membrane is, however, unaffected by the amino acid replacement. In contrast, simultaneous modification of glutamate‐20 and exchange of the carotenoid sphaeroidenone with neurosporene results in significant enlargement of the vesicular membrane invaginations. These findings suggest that the LH2 complex, specifically β‐glutamate‐20 and the carotenoids' polar head group, contribute to the shaping of the photosynthetic membrane by specific interactions with surrounding lipid molecules.
XthA (Exonuclease III) regulates loading of RecA onto DNA substrates in log phase Escherichia coli cells
Authors: Centore Richard C. , Lestini Roxane , Sandler Steven J. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryExonucleases can modify DNA substrates created during DNA replication, recombination and repair. In Escherichia coli, the effects of several 3′−5′ exonucleases on RecA loading were studied by assaying RecA‐GFP foci formation. Mutations in xthA (ExoIII), xseAB (ExoVII), xni (ExoIX), exoX (ExoX) and tatD (ExoXI) increased the number of RecA‐GFP foci twofold to threefold in a population of log phase cells grown in minimal medium. These increases depend on xonA. Epistasis analysis shows that ExoVII, ExoX, ExoIX and ExoXI function in a common pathway, distinct from ExoIII (and ExoI is upstream of both pathways). It is shown (paradoxically) that in xthA mutants, RecA‐GFP loading is predominantly RecBCD‐dependent and that xthA recB double mutants are viable. Experiments show that while log phase xthA cells have twofold more double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) than wild type, they do not induce the SOS response. The increase in RecA loading is independent of the base excision repair (BER) proteins Nth, MutM and Nei. It is proposed that log phase cells produce DSBs that do not induce the SOS response. Furthermore, ExoI, ExoIII and the other 3′−5′ exonucleases process these DSBs, antagonizing the RecBCD pathway of RecA loading, thus regulating the availability of these substrates for recombination.
Nutrient depletion as a key factor for manipulating gene expression and product formation in different branches of the flavonoid pathway
Authors: LILLO CATHRINE , LEA UNNI S , RUOFF PETER 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTThe content of flavonoids increases in response to nitrogen and phosphorus depletion in plants. Manipulation of these macronutrients may therefore be used to control the levels of desirable compounds and improve plant quality. Key enzymes in the shikimate pathway, which feeds precursors into the flavonoid pathway, are regulated post‐translationally by feedback from aromatic amino acids, and possibly by redox control through photosynthesis. Use of microarrays for global transcript analysis in Arabidopsis has revealed that transcript levels are less influenced by mineral nutrients in the shikimate pathway compared with the flavonoid pathway. The responses in the shikimate pathway appear complex, whereas in the flavonoid pathway, a single gene often responds similarly to mineral depletion, high light intensity and sucrose. MYB [production of anthocyanin pigment 1 (PAP1)/production of anthocyanin pigment 2 (PAP2)] and bHLH [GLABRA3 (GL3)] transcription factors are important for the nutrient depletion response. PAP1/2 stimulate gross activation of the flavonoid pathway, and different investigations support merging signal transduction chains for various abiotic treatments on PAP1/2. Flavonol synthase is not part of the PAP1/2 regulon, and expression is mainly enhanced by high light intensity and sucrose, not mineral depletion. Nevertheless, both cyanidin and flavonol derivatives increase in response to nitrogen depletion. Kaempferols are the dominating flavonols in Arabidopsis leaves under normal cultivation conditions, but quercetin accumulation can be triggered by nitrogen depletion in combination with other abiotic factors.
Bullying and the Need to Belong: Early Adolescents' Bullying‐Related Behavior and the Acceptance they Desire and Receive from Particular Classmates
Authors: Olthof Tjeert , Goossens Frits A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBased on the notion that one of the motives underlying children's antisocial behavior is their need to belong to particular peers, it was examined how each of four types of bullying‐related behavior would be related to the acceptance that 10 to 13‐year‐old children desired and received from same‐ and other‐sex children with different bullying‐related behavioral styles. Bullying‐related behavior was assessed using a peer nomination procedure. Children rated the importance of being accepted by each particular classmate and their own acceptance of these same classmates. Among boys, antisocial involvement in bullying was related to a desire to be accepted by other antisocial boys and to actually being rejected by boys in general. Among girls, antisocial involvement in bullying was related to a desire to be accepted by boys in general.
Attachment to Mothers and Fathers during Middle Childhood: Associations with Child Gender, Grade, and Competence
Authors: Diener Marissa L. , Isabella Russell A. , Behunin Melissa G. , Wong Maria S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAttachment relationships of first, third, and fifth graders with their mothers and fathers, and their associations with self‐perceived and teacher‐rated competence, were investigated. Children rated their attachment security with mothers and fathers using the Kerns security scale. Children's perceptions of academic and peer competence were measured using Harter's self‐perception profile, and teachers also rated children's competence. Girls felt greater attachment security to their mothers than to their fathers, and boys felt greater attachment security to their fathers than did girls. Greater attachment security with both mothers and fathers was associated with children's perceptions of greater peer and academic competence, and this association was stronger for older children. A greater sense of attachment security with both parents was associated with greater competence than a sense of attachment security with only one parent. Teacher‐rated competence was significantly related to attachment security with mothers but not fathers.
Parents' Goals for Children: The Dynamic Coexistence of Individualism and Collectivism in Cultures and Individuals
Authors: Tamis‐LeMonda Catherine S. , Way Niobe , Hughes Diane , Yoshikawa Hirokazu , Kalman Ronit Kahana , Niwa Erika Y. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCurrent scholarship on the cultural value systems of individualism and collectivism, and the associated developmental goals of autonomy and relatedness, has moved beyond grand divide theories to emphasize variation within individuals and cultures. We present a theoretical model on the dynamic coexistence of cultural value systems (at the macro level) and parents' developmental goals (at the micro level). We contend that cultural values and developmental goals that have largely been classified as polar opposites may be viewed as conflicting, additive, or functionally dependent. Parents may view the developmental goal of autonomy as interfering with the goal of relatedness (and vice versa); parents may endorse both autonomy and relatedness; and parents may consider the developmental goal of relatedness to be a path to the goal of autonomy and/or autonomy to be a path to relatedness. These forms of coexistence are themselves dynamic, changing across situations, developmental time, and in response to social, political, and economic contexts.
5–HT and 5–HT‐SO4, but not tryptophan or 5‐HIAA levels in single feeding neurons track animal hunger state
Authors: Hatcher N. G. , Zhang X. , Stuart J. N. , Moroz L. L. , Sweedler J. V. , Gillette R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSerotonin (5‐HT) is an intrinsic modulator of neural network excitation states in gastropod molluscs. 5‐HT and related indole metabolites were measured in single, well‐characterized serotonergic neurons of the feeding motor network of the predatory sea‐slug Pleurobranchaea californica. Indole amounts were compared between paired hungry and satiated animals. Levels of 5‐HT and its metabolite 5‐HT‐SO4 in the metacerebral giant neurons were observed in amounts approximately four‐fold and two‐fold, respectively, below unfed partners 24 h after a satiating meal. Intracellular levels of 5‐hydroxyindole acetic acid and of free tryptophan did not differ significantly with hunger state. These data demonstrate that neurotransmitter levels and their metabolites can vary in goal‐directed neural networks in a manner that follows internal state.
Pulse wave analysis on fingertip arterial pressure: effects of age, gender and stressors on reflected waves and their relation to brachial and femoral artery blood flow
Authors: Åhlund Catherine , Pettersson Knut , Lind Lars 
Published: November 2007

SummaryObjectives: Analysis of the contour of the arterial pressure pulse (pulse wave analysis; PWA) adds information about arterial stiffness etc., beyond that obtained from absolute pressures. Peripheral pulses normally show an anterograde systolic peak and two reflected peaks: one in systole and one in diastole. The amplitudes and timings of these were estimated from finger pressure recordings in three study groups. We studied the usefulness of continuous digital pressures for PWA.Methods: First, PWA from intra‐arterial (brachial) and non‐invasive finger pressure recordings was compared. Secondly, stress‐induced (mental arithmetics and cold pressor test) changes in pressure pulse reflection were compared with blood flow changes in brachial and femoral arteries (ultrasound). Thirdly, the influence of age and gender on digital pulse pressures was investigated at rest and during exercise.Results and conclusion: Pulse wave analysis results from brachial and digital pressures correlated strongly. Stress induced changes in systolic reflection were associated with changes in brachial artery flow patterns, whereas diastolic reflection was associated with femoral artery flow changes. At rest, age increased systolic reflection without affecting diastolic reflection. Exercise increased systolic reflection and reduced diastolic reflection more in older subjects (>40 years) than in younger (<40 years). In conclusion, PWA from continuous, digital pressure recordings is a convenient technique to study the arterial function at rest and during exposure to stressors in broad populations. The two reflected waves are differently regulated, which may indicate different anatomical origin.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: RCAS1 Decidual Immunoreactivity and RCAS1 Serum Level During Cesarean Section with Respect to the Progression of Labor
Authors: Wicherek Lukasz , Basta Pawel , Galazka Krystyna , Mak Pawel , Dancewicz Lukasz , Kalinka Jaroslaw 
Published: November 2007

ProblemRCAS1 (a receptor‐binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells) is a membrane protein present also in a soluble form that seems to be responsible for the suppression of the cytotoxic immune response during gestation. The present study evaluates the decidual immunoreactivity level of RCAS1 and the serum level of RCAS1 with respect to the progression of labor at the time of cesarean section.Method of studyRCAS1 immunoreactivity was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 47 decidual samples, and the RCAS1 serum level was established in 47 blood serum samples derived from patients on whom cesarean sections were performed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the progression of their labor at the time when the cesarean was performed.ResultsThe highest RCAS1 serum concentration and the highest RCAS1 decidual immunoreactivity were found in patients on whom cesarean sections were performed during advanced labor and were statistically, significantly higher than in cases where cesarean sections were performed without labor or after the spontaneous beginning of labor.ConclusionAlterations in the RCAS1 serum and decidua levels seem to be associated with immune response changes during the progression of labor.
Validation of the international normalized ratio (INR) in a new point‐of‐care system designed for home monitoring of oral anticoagulation therapy
Authors: PLESCH W. , Van Den BESSELAAR A. M. H. P. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThe new CoaguChek XS system is designed for use in patient self testing with a measuring range from 0.8 INR up to 8.0 INR, which has been calibrated against the mean INR of rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149. This study was performed to confirm the correct INR results received from two routinely manufactured lots of test strips when compared with the international reference preparations (IRP) rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149. At one study site capillary and noncitrated venous whole blood samples from 20 normal donors and 62 anticoagulated patients were applied to two test strip lots of the new system in duplicate. Additionally blood was collected in citrate tubes, processed to plasma, and PT results were obtained using rTF/95 and ERM‐AD149 by the manual tilt tube method. Method comparisons of the INR results of the CoaguChek XS system vs. the mean INR of the IRP demonstrated a mean relative bias of −0.02% to −0.4%, mean absolute relative deviations of 6.4–9.6%, and accuracy observing >95% of CoaguChek XS INR within limits of ±14% to ±21.5% to the mean INR of the IRP. The results of the study confirm the successful calibration of two lots of the new CoaguChek XS system, demonstrate the validity of the calibration concept and prove the accuracy of the new system in comparison with the IRP. Clinical decisions in oral anticoagulation therapy may be reliably made upon the INR results of the new system.
The Pelican and its Ungrateful Children: The Construction and Evolution of the Image of Dutch Rebelliousness in Golden Age Spain
Authors: Pérez Yolanda Rodríguez 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Dutch Revolt fundamentally changed the Spanish image of the Dutch. From ideal subjects, they became a pack of rebels and heretics who wished to liberate themselves from the so-called Spanish yoke. Of course, the Dutch and the Spanish viewed the Dutch Revolt very differently. What for the Dutch was a matter of resistance against an oppressive prince was in Spanish eyes an "extraordinary rebellion" against a merciful king, who like a protective pelican, treated his subjects as his own children. This essay studies the origins of and changes in the Spanish image of rebelliousness and heresy during the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth century, but also Dutch perspectives. Spaniards were well aware of the arguments put forth by the Netherlanders to defend their revolt, as we will see by analyzing Pedro Cornejo's Antiapología, written in response to Orange's Apology (1581).
Spectacle and Spin for a Spurned Prince. Civic Strategies in the Entry Ceremonies of the Duke of Anjou in Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent (1582)
Authors: van Bruaene Anne-Laure 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn 1582, the Catholic duke of Anjou toured the Southern Low Countries in order to be recognised by the major rebel cities as the new sovereign of the Netherlands. The obligation of an entry ceremony, the first organised for a sovereign since 1549, burdened the Calvinist urban governments with a very difficult task. At the same time, the ceremonies offered a great opportunity for local propaganda. In this article, the local agendas and varying strategies of the city governments of Antwerp, Bruges and Ghent are compared. Special attention is paid to the printed accounts of these entry ceremonies. From a methodological point of view, it is argued that it is crucial to consider these accounts as cultural objects—from pamphlets to luxury commemoration books—that themselves played an essential role in the construction of the events, often in a very subtle way.