bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2‐year, multi‐county survey of plant‐parasitic nematodes in North Carolina flue‐cured tobacco
Authors: Bonyak Hannah C. , Vann Matthew C. , Ye Weimin , Lewis Ramsey S. , Gorny Adrienne M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNorth Carolina is the leading producer of flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in the United States. Production in the state is threatened by numerous plant‐parasitic nematodes, including Meloidogyne spp. (root‐knot), Globodera tabacum (tobacco cyst), Pratylenchus spp. (lesion), Rotylenchulus reniformis (reniform), and Tylenchorhynchus spp. (stunt) nematodes. The invasive Meloidogyne enterolobii is also a major threat as it can infect tobacco varieties carrying the Rk gene, which conditions resistance to other Meloidogyne species. To gain an updated understanding of which nematode taxa are present in tobacco production and investigate distribution of M. enterolobii in North Carolina, a 2‐year survey was conducted. From 2021 to 2022, 188 fields were sampled across 24 tobacco‐growing counties. Samples were assayed for identification and quantification of nematodes at the genus level; where Meloidogyne spp. was identified, molecular testing was used to determine the species. Data were also collected on the previous crop and tobacco variety grown. In both years, lesion, root‐knot, dagger, and stunt nematodes were found in the highest incidence among samples. In 2022, M. enterolobii was identified in a single sample each from Granville and Pitt counties; this is the first report of M. enterolobii from Granville County. Tobacco variety NC 196 and soybean were the most common variety and previous crop grown, respectively, in both years of the survey. Tobacco variety did not have an effect on nematode population density. The previous crop had a significant effect on root‐knot and spiral nematodes in 2021, and lesion and stubby root nematodes in 2022.
The shift in the fatty acid composition of the circulating lipidome in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Dakterzada Farida , Jové Mariona , Cantero José Luís , Mota‐Martorell Natàlia , Pamplona Reinald , Piñoll‐Ripoll Gerard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONFatty acids (FAs) are the building blocks of complex lipids and signaling compounds; the role of the lipidome fatty acid profile (LFA) in AD progression remains unclear.METHODSThe LFA of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 289 participants (103 AD patients, 92 MCI patients, and 94 controls) was determined by GC‐FID. The MCI subjects were followed up for 58 ± 12.5 months.RESULTSIn controls, CSF has a more neuroprotective LFA than plasma. In CSF, a higher content of docosahexaenoic acid was associated with a reduced risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression. In plasma, higher oleic acid content was associated with lower risk of AD, MCI, and MCI‐to‐AD progression, whereas higher levels of vaccenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were associated with greater risk of AD and MCI, and higher rate of MCI‐to‐AD progression, respectively.DISCUSSIONThe circulating LFA is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of AD.Highlights
The lipidome fatty acid profile in CSF and plasma was markedly different.
Higher levels of vaccenic acid and lower levels of oleic acid in plasma were associated with greater risk of Alzheimer's disease.
In plasma, higher levels of oleic acid were associated with a reduced risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression.
Higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid in CSF were associated with a lower risk of MCI‐to‐AD progression.
Higher levels of docosahexaenoic acid in plasma were associated with a greater rate of MCI‐to‐AD progression.
Clinical Issues — April 2024
Authors: deKay Karen , Swartz Zach 
Published: March 2024

THIS MONTH
Cell phone cleaning
Key words: electronic device, disinfect, hand hygiene, bacteria, cell phone.
Laundry facility accreditation
Key words: linen, laundering, inspection, accreditation standards, Healthcare Laundry Accreditation Council (HLAC).
Cleaning hybrid OR floor tracks
Key words: hybrid OR, between‐patient cleaning, terminal cleaning, maintenance, tracking system.
Nail coverings in the perioperative setting
Key words: nail lacquer, enhanced nail lacquer, artificial nails, natural nails, hand hygiene.
Unraveling Na‐Ion Insertion Mechanisms in Polymer‐Derived SiCN(O) Ceramic via Operando Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Melzi d'Eril Marco , Kempf Alexander , De Carolis Dario M. , Graczyk‐Zajac Magdalena Joanna , Mera Gabriela , Riedel Ralf 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study we investigate the Na insertion process occurring in the “free carbon” phase embedded in two different SiCN(O) matrices with operando Raman spectroscopy. The two SiCN(O) samples have been prepared using two different thermal treatments carried out at 1000 °C (SiCN(O)1000) and 1400 °C (SiCN(O)1400). X‐ray diffraction as well as argon adsorption reveal significant structural and morphological differences between the materials. SiCN(O)1000 shows an amorphous nature whereas SiCN(O)1400 reveals the presence of crystalline β‐SiC, accompanied by a notable increase in surface area (from 56.7 m2/g to 331 m2/g) and micropore volume (from 0.02 cm3/g to 0.12 cm3/g). These alterations in the ceramic matrix due to thermal treatment affect significantly the electrochemical performance with initial de‐sodiation capacities of 112.4 mAh/g and 52.3 mAh/g for SiCN(O)1000 and SiCN(O)1400, respectively. Operando Raman spectroscopy, carried out during the sodiation and de‐sodiation of the SiCN(O) ceramics, reveals the microstructural changes occurring to the “free carbon” phase during the storage of sodium ions. As sodium is inserted, a shift in the G‐band position is observed in both the samples from about 1600 cm−1 to 1555 cm−1, with a concomitant decrease of the D‐band intensity and the distance between defects (LD) growing from 7.5 nm to 17.5 nm. Upon de‐sodiation, SiCN(O)1400 exhibits an inferior storage reversibility compared to SiCN(O)1000. This may be attributed to the irreversible sodium trapping occurring in SiCN(O)1400, highlighted by the reduced efficiency of the electrochemical process.
Effects of electromagnetic pulses, exosomes inhibition and their coaction on A549 cells
Authors: Zhang Qian , Hou Qingxia , An Guangzhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMounting literature indicates that electromagnetic pulses (EMP) is the promising modality to treat cancers with advantages such as noninvasiveness and few side‐effects, but its appropriate parameters and underlying mechanisms such as its influence on tumor‐derived exosomes (TDEs) are largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate effects of EMP, exosome inhibition and their coaction on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. A549 cells were randomly divided into control group, GW4869 group treated by 20 μM GW4869, vehicle group treated by dimethyl sulfoxide, EMP group treated by EMP exposure, and EMPG group treated by EMP exposure combined with 20 μM GW4869. After EMP exposure, cell proliferation was determined by CCK8 assay, cell cycle and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and cell migration was determined by transwell assay. The results showed that EMP or exosomes inhibition did not affect cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and cell migration (p > 0.05), but cell migration in EMPG group was significantly decreased compared with vehicle group (p < 0.05). We concluded that under the experimental condition, EMP or GW4869 alone had no effects on behaviors of A549 cells, but their coaction could effectively inhibit the migration of A549 cells.
A Behaviour Change Analysis of Safer Sleep Interventions for Infants at Risk of Sudden and Unexpected Death
Authors: Shiells Kate , Cann Hannah , Pease Anna , McGovern Ruth , Woodman Jenny , Barrett Simon , Barlow Jane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRates of sudden unexpected death in infancy have been found to occur disproportionately amongst families living in the most deprived neighbourhoods. This suggests that standard safer sleep messaging may not be effective for this population and that research is required to identify ways of working that are better associated with behavioural change in parents with children at increased risk of SUDI. In this study, we aimed to explore the behavioural change components and mechanisms of action of safer sleep interventions for families with children at increased risk of SUDI. We conducted an analysis of the literature on safer sleep interventions using the COM‐B model, Theoretical Domains Framework and Behavioural Change Technique Taxonomy. All interventions targeted parents' capability; 15 interventions targeted parents' opportunity; and six interventions targeted parents' motivation to engage in safer sleep practices. Nineteen behavioural change techniques were identified. The focus of practitioners may need to shift from solely the delivery of safer sleep information towards working with parents to understand their capability, opportunity and, in particular, motivation to engage in safer sleep practices, identified as being a key driver of behaviour in this population.
Finding the Ajoene Sweet‐Spot: Structure‐Activity Relations that Govern its Blood Stability and Cancer Cytotoxicity
Authors: Kusza Daniel A. , Venter Gerhard A. , Mabunda Mandla , Biwi James , Samanta Suman K. , Klinck Johan D. , Singh Shivendra V. , Hunter Roger , Kaschula Catherine H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAjoene is an organosulfur compound found in crushed garlic that exerts its anti‐cancer activity by S‐thiolating cysteine residues on proteins. Its development is hampered due to limited bioavailability, so in this study, we synthesised analogues of ajoene to probe the significance of the ajoene vinyl disulfide/sulfoxide core with respect to cytotoxicity and blood stability. Polar side groups were also incorporated to improve aqueous solubility. It was found that derivatives containing a vinyl disulfide functional group (4–7, as in ajoene), were more cytotoxic compared to analogues in which the double bond was removed, although the latter showed superior blood stability. It was also found that the allyl‐S sulfur of the disulfide was more electrophilic to S‐thiolysis based on the global electrophilicity index (ω) and the condensed electrophilic Fukui function
. S‐Thiolysis was found to be exergonic for the vinyl disulfides based on entropy and enthalpy computations with a deprotonated thiolate. Derivatisation to the dihydro (10, 12) and deoxydihydroajoenes (9, 11) produced analogues that were slightly less potent but with greatly improved blood stability. Taken together, the deoxydihydroajoenes present themselves as good candidates for further therapeutic development.
Performance of a novel eight‐color flow cytometry panel for measurable residual disease assessment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Chen Xiao , Chen Xia , Zhao Sishu , Shi Yu , Zhang Ninghan , Guo Zhen , Qiao Chun , Jin Huimin , Zhu Liying , Zhu Huayuan , Li Jianyong , Wu Yujie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMeasurable residual disease (MRD) is an important prognostic indicator of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Different flow cytometric panels have been developed for the MRD assessment of CLL in Western countries; however, the application of these panels in China remains largely unexplored.MethodsOwing to the requirements for high accuracy, reproducibility, and comparability of MRD assessment in China, we investigated the performance of a flow cytometric approach (CD45‐ROR1 panel) to assess MRD in patients with CLL. The European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC) eight‐color panel was used as the “gold standard.”ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate of the CD45‐ROR1 panel in the MRD assessment of CLL were 100% (87/87), 88.5% (23/26), and 97.3% (110/113), respectively. Two of the three inconsistent samples were further verified using next‐generation sequencing. In addition, the MRD results obtained from the CD45‐ROR1 panel were positively associated with the ERIC eight‐color panel results for MRD assessment (R = 0.98, p < 0.0001). MRD detection at low levels (≤1.0%) demonstrated a smaller difference between the two methods (bias, −0.11; 95% CI, −0.90 to 0.68) than that at high levels (>1%). In the reproducibility assessment, the bias was smaller at three data points (within 24, 48, and 72 h) in the CD45‐ROR1 panel than in the ERIC eight‐color panel. Moreover, MRD levels detected using the CD45‐ROR1 panel for the same samples from different laboratories showed a strong statistical correlation (R = 0.99, p < 0.0001) with trivial interlaboratory variation (bias, 0.135; 95% CI, −0.439 to 0.709). In addition, the positivity rate of MRD in the bone marrow samples was higher than that in the peripheral blood samples.ConclusionsCollectively, this study demonstrated that the CD45‐ROR1 panel is a reliable method for MRD assessment of CLL with high sensitivity, reproducibility, and reliability.
Small planar antenna array design using length and spacing through Matlab‐HFSS interfacing
Authors: Patidar Hemant , Das Avishek , Kar Rajib 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis study presents a novel method for reducing return loss and achieving lower side lobe levels in small planar antenna arrays (PAAs). Quantum particle swarm optimisation (QPSO) findings are utilised for antenna design modelling and performance assessment utilising the MATLAB‐based moment's code approach and MATLAB‐HFSS interface. The mutual coupling between antenna components is considered and computed using the method of moments (MoM). Changing the array elements' length and spacing will accomplish the abovementioned objectives. The Matlab‐based moments code calculates the antenna components' length and spacing, and the antennas' length and spacing are used to produce the radiation pattern via the Matlab‐HFSS interface. Four examples of small PAA designs are given to illustrate how well the applied methodology works. The method discussed in this paper is generic and can be employed in the future for different sizes of the array elements and the different antenna array structure designs.
Monitoring lipid oxidation in multiple emulsions by near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Boisset Laetitia , de Caro Pascale , Stojmilovic Ivana , Thiebaud‐Roux Sophie , Levasseur‐Garcia Cécile 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLipid oxidation has an impact on the quality and properties of fat‐containing products that are commonly produced by cosmetics or coatings industries. In this study, a water‐in‐oil‐in‐water emulsion (48% w/w of pre‐polymerized linseed oil stabilized with alkylpolyglucoside) was subjected to oxidation under accelerated aging conditions at 50°C over 15 days. After fat extraction from emulsion, peroxide, and p‐anisidine values were measured using standardized methods. The application of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in conjunction with chemometrics was investigated to assess the quality parameters of emulsions under accelerated aging within closed flasks. Significant variations were observed across the following spectral regions: 7541–5948, 5739–3657, and 3645–3637 cm−1. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis, possibly combined with multiplicative scattering correction preprocessing, proved to be a powerful method to classify the emulsions according to two oxidation levels defined by periods A and B. The performances of the prediction model were characterized by a precision of 85%, a predictive value of period A of 98%, a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 81%, and an accuracy of 90%. Thus, we demonstrate that NIRS is a suitable analytical method to discriminate emulsions according to their aging behavior.Practical Applications: The PLS‐DA method coupled to near infrared spectroscopy analyses is adapted to assess the chemical degradations of vegetable oil–based emulsions due to lipid oxidation. This tool is interesting for at‐line or off‐line monitoring of emulsions during their storage. As it is a fast and nondestructive method, the quality control of a formulation stored in a closed glass container is facilitated. This method could also be used to determine the effectiveness of an antioxidant or a drier in emulsions, respectively, prepared for cosmetics and coatings.
Active ischemic pre‐conditioning does not additively improve short‐term high‐intensity cycling performance when combined with caffeine ingestion in trained young men
Authors: Jessen Søren , Zeuthen Martin , Sommer Jeppesen Jan , Kehler Frederik , Olesen Casper Bjerre , Pallisgaard Anders , Christiansen Danny , Bangsbo Jens 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) with and without caffeine supplementation on mean power output (MPO) during a 4‐min cycling time‐trial (TT). In a double‐blinded, randomized, crossover‐design, 11 trained men performed a TT on 4 days separated by ∼1 week. One hour before TT, participants ingested either caffeine (3 mg kg bw−1) or placebo pills, after which femoral blood‐flow was either restricted with occlusion cuffs inflated to ∼180 mmHg (IPC), or sham‐restricted (0–10 mmHg; Sham) during 3 × 2‐min low‐intensity cycling (10% of incremental peak power output). Then, participants performed a standardized warm‐up followed by the TT. Plasma lactate and K+ concentrations and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout trials. TT MPO was 382 ± 17 W in Placebo + Sham and not different from Placebo + IPC (−1 W; 95% CI: −9 to 7; p = 0.848; d: 0.06), whereas MPO was higher with Caffeine + Sham (+6W; 95% CI: −2 to 14; p = 0.115; d: 0.49) and Caffeine + IPC (+8 W; 95% CI: 2–13; p = 0.019; d: 0.79) versus Placebo + Sham. MPO differences were attributed to caffeine (caffeine main‐effect: +7 W; 95% CI: 2–13; p = 0.015; d: 0.54. IPC main‐effect: 0 W; 95% CI: −6 to 7; p = 0.891; d: 0.03; caffeine × IPC interaction‐effect: p = 0.580; d: 0.17). TT RPE and plasma variables were not different between treatments. In conlcusion, IPC with co‐ingestion of placebo does not improve short‐term high‐intensity performance in trained men versus a double‐placebo control (Placebo + Sham) and does not additively enhance performance with caffeine. These data do not support IPC as a useful strategy for athletes prior to competition but confirms caffeine's performance‐enhancing effect.
Low cycle number multiplex PCR: A novel strategy for the construction of amplicon libraries for next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Lu Meng , Sun Xiuxiu , Zhao Yuxin , Zheng Linlin , Lin Junjie , Tang Chen , Chao Kaiyue , Chen Ye , Li Kai , Zhou Yuxun , Xiao Junhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultiplex PCR is a critical step when preparing amplicon library for next‐generation sequencing. However, there are several challenges related to multiplex PCR including poor uniformity, nonspecific amplification, and primer–dimers. To address these issues, we propose a novel solution strategy that involves using a low cycle number (<10 cycles) in multiplex PCR and then employing carrier DNAs and magnetic beads for the selection of targeted products. This technique improves the amplicon uniformity while also reducing primer–dimers and PCR artifacts. To evaluate our technique, we initially utilized 120 DNA fragments from mouse genome containing single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites. Sequencing results demonstrated that with only 7 cycles of multiplex PCR, 95.8% of the targeted SNP sites were mapped, with a coverage of at least 1×. The average sequencing depth of all amplicons was 1705.79 ± 1205.30×; 87% of them reached a coverage depth that exceeded 0.2‐fold of the average sequencing depth. Our method had a greater uniformity (87%) when compared to Hi‐Plex PCR (53.3%). Furthermore, we validated our strategy by randomly selecting 90 primer pairs twice from the initial set of 120 primer‐pairs. Next, we used the same protocol to prepare amplicon libraries. The two groups had an average sequencing depth of 1013.30 ± 585.57× and 219.10 ± 158.27×, respectively; over 84% of the amplicons had a sequencing depth that exceeded 0.2‐fold of average depth. These results suggest that the use of a low cycle number in multiplex PCR is a cost‐effective and efficient approach for the preparation of amplicon libraries.
Unveiling global research trends and hotspots on mitochondria in NAFLD from 2000 to 2023: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Hu Jingqin , Chen Ze , Zhou Yibing , Li Yinglun , Liu Jing , Mi Yuqiang , Wang Li , Jiang Feng , Li Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has garnered significant attention in the past decade as a prevalent chronic liver condition. Despite a growing body of evidence implicating mitochondria in NAFLD development, comprehensive bibliometric analyses within this research domain are scarce. This study aims to provide a thorough overview of the knowledge framework and key research areas related to mitochondria in the context of NAFLD, utilizing bibliometric techniques.MethodsA comprehensive search of publications on mitochondria in NAFLD from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix” were employed for a precise assessment of the literature.ResultsExamining 2530 articles from 77 countries, primarily led by the United States and China, revealed a consistent increase in publications on mitochondria's role in NAFLD. Leading research institutions include the University of Coimbra, the University of Missouri, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fudan University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Notably, the International Journal of Molecular Sciences emerged as the most popular journal, and Hepatology was the most frequently cited. With contributions from 14,543 authors, Michael Roden published the highest number of papers, and A. J. Samyal was the most frequently cocited author. Key focus areas include investigating mitochondrial mechanisms impacting NAFLD and developing therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria. Emerging research hotspots are associated with keywords such as “inflammation,” “mitochondrial dysfunction,” “autophagy,” “obesity,” and “insulin resistance.”ConclusionThis study, the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis, synthesizes research trends and advancements in the role of mitochondria in NAFLD. Insights derived from this analysis illuminate current frontiers and emerging areas of interest, providing a valuable reference for scholars dedicated to mitochondrial studies.
Impacts of cross‐border equity portfolio flow and central bank transparency on financial development: The role of economic freedom and international bonds
Authors: Kwabi Frank , Wonu Chizindu , Ezeani Ernest , Owusu Andrews , Leone Vitor 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigate the effects of international equity portfolio diversification and central bank independence on financial development using panel data from 49 countries from 2001 to 2016. We find that international equity portfolio diversification improves financial development. We correspondingly examine potential factors through which international equity portfolio diversification may impact financial development and find that central bank transparency provides an important channel for improving financial development. We further find that the relationship between international equity portfolio diversification and financial development is sensitive to economic freedom. Concerning sequencing, we find that foreign equity and debt flow are complementary to financial system development. Our results are robust to endogeneity using the exogenous shock of the 2008 financial crisis. This study offers new empirical evidence on the relationship between international capital and financial development.