bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Carbonaceous Materials Derived from [BMIM][TCM] Ionic Liquid Precursor: Dual Role as Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Adsorbents for Aromatics and CO2
Authors: Tzialla Ourania , Theodorakopoulos George V. , Beltsios Konstantinos G. , Pilatos George , Reddy K. Suresh Kumar , Srinivasakannan Chandrasekar , Tuci Giulia , Giambastiani Giuliano , Karanikolos Georgios N. , Katsaros Fotios K. , Kouvelos Evangelos , Romanos George Em. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis work presents the synthesis of N‐doped nanoporous carbon materials using the Ionic Liquid (IL) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide [BMIM][TCM] as a fluidic carbon precursor, employing two carbonization pathways: templated precursor and pyrolysis/activation. Operando monitoring of mass loss during pyrolytic and activation treatments provides insights into chemical processes, including IL decomposition, polycondensation reactions and pore formation. Comparatively low mass reduction rates were observed at all stages. Heat treatments indicated stable pore size and increasing volume/surface area over time. The resulting N‐doped carbon structures were evaluated as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and adsorbents for gases and organic vapors. Materials from the templated precursor pathway exhibited high electrocatalytic performance in ORR, analyzed using Rotating Ring‐Disk electrode (RRDE). Enhanced adsorption of m‐xylene was attributed to wide micropores, while satisfactory CO2 adsorption efficiency was linked to specific morphological features and a relatively high content of N‐sites within the C‐networks. This research contributes valuable insights into the synthesis and applications of N‐doped nanoporous carbon materials, highlighting their potential in electrocatalysis and adsorption processes.
1‐ and 2‐Tetrazolylacetonitrile as Versatile Ligands for Laser Ignitable Energetic Coordination Compounds
Authors: Endraß Simon M. J. , Klapötke Thomas M. , Lommel Marcus , Stierstorfer Jörg , Weidemann Martin L. , Werner Melanie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract1‐ and 2‐Tetrazolylacetonitrile (1‐ and 2‐TAN) have been synthesized by the reaction of chloroacetonitrile with 1H‐tetrazole under basic conditions. They further were reacted with sodium azide in the presence of zinc(II) chloride to form 5‐((1H‐tetrazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐tetrazole (1‐HTMT) and 5‐((2H‐tetrazol‐2‐yl)methyl)‐1H‐tetrazole (2‐HTMT). The nitrogen‐rich compounds have been applied as ligands for Energetic Coordination Compounds (ECCs) and show interesting coordinative behavior due to different bridging modes. The structural variability of the compounds has been proved by low‐temperature X‐ray analysis. The ECCs were analyzed for their sensitivities to provide information about the safety of handling and their capability to serve as primary explosives in detonator setups to replace the commonly used lead styphnate and azide. All colored ECCs were evaluated for their ignitability by laser initiation in translucent polycarbonate primer caps. In addition, the spin‐crossover characteristics of [Fe(1‐TAN)6](ClO4)2 were highlighted by the measurement of the temperature‐dependent susceptibility curve.
Evaluation of the modified 3Mix‐Simvastatin combination in non‐instrumental endodontic therapy of necrotic primary molars: A two‐arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Almarji Walaa , Laflouf Mohannad , Tolibah Yasser Alsayed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of non‐instrumentation endodontic treatment (NIET) using a modified antibiotic mix of cefixime, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole with simvastatin (an anti‐inflammatory, bone regeneration drug) on necrotic primary molars compared to conventional pulpectomy to help preservation of necrotic primary teeth until its natural exfoliation.Materials and MethodsForty mandibular primary second molars with necrotic pulp tissue from 38 healthy patients aged between 4 and 8 years were randomly assigned to two groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Group A teeth underwent conventional root canal treatment. The procedure involved a two‐visit approach, employing k‐files and h‐files during the initial visit, followed by the application of calcium hydroxide paste as canal dressing between visits, while Group B teeth were treated with 3Mixtatin. All teeth were clinically evaluated after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, and radiographically at 3, 6, and 12 months. Two external examiners assessed the results. Data analysis was conducted using a chi‐square test at a 0.05 significance level.ResultsAt the end of the follow‐up interval, 90% of teeth in each group exhibited no clinical signs or symptoms. Additionally, inter‐radicular radiolucency healing occurred in 75% of cases in the NIET group and 89.5% in the conventional pulpectomy group. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups.ConclusionNIET using 3Mixtatin seems to be a good alternative choice to conventional pulpectomy, offering a less complex treatment approach that may help avoid the complications associated with traditional pulpectomy and could be suitable for teeth with shorter roots.
Comparing the activity level of salivary matrix metalloproteinase‐8 in patients with diabetes and moderate to severe chronic generalized periodontitis
Authors: Tavakoli Fatemeh , Faramarzi Masoumeh , Salimnezhad Sepideh , Jafari Bahare , Eslami Hosein , MohammadPourTabrizi Bardia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe response of the host to plaque can be affected by systemic diseases like diabetes, hormonal changes, or immunological deficits, which can hasten the progression and severity of periodontitis. This study aimed to compare the activity of salivary matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) in patients with moderate to severe generalized chronic generalized periodontitis between healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes who were referred to the Tabriz School of Dentistry.Materials and MethodsFor this cross‐sectional study, 90 patients were randomly divided into three groups based on inclusion and exclusion criteria: patients with chronic generalized periodontitis with diabetes, patients with generalized chronic periodontal disease with normal blood glucose, and a control group of 30 healthy individuals. Participants were instructed not to brush their teeth for 12 h and not to eat or drink for 90 min before saliva sampling. Saliva samples were immediately stored at −80°C and analyzed using an ELISA test.ResultsThe results showed that there was a significant difference in salivary MMP‐8 levels among the three groups. Patients with periodontitis and diabetes had the highest levels of salivary MMP‐8, while the control group had the lowest levels. This indicates that chronic generalized periodontitis is strongly associated with the activity level of salivary MMP‐8, and elevated levels of MMP‐8 in diabetic patients demonstrate the impact of diabetes on periodontal disease.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of monitoring salivary MMP‐8 levels in patients with periodontitis, especially those with diabetes. It also emphasizes the need for proper management of systemic diseases to prevent or slow down the progression of periodontal disease.
Effect of various staining beverages on the color stability of CAD/CAM PMMA denture teeth: An in vitro study
Authors: Alouch Ehab , Karkoutly Mawia , Teriaky Omar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the color change of computer‐aided design (CAD)/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAM) polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture teeth and conventional acrylic teeth after immersion in three staining beverages (coffee, red tea, and cola) for a day, 7 days, and 30 days.Materials and MethodsGroup 1: Conventional acrylic teeth (n = 32). Group 2: Milled CAD/CAM teeth out of PMMA disc (n = 32). The specimens of each material were further divided into four subgroups: (1) Control group, distilled water (n = 16). (2) Red tea solution (n = 16). (3) Coffee solution (n = 16). (4) Cola (n = 16). The color change () was assessed using a spectrophotometer at four time points: at the baseline (t0), on the 1st day (t1), on the 7th day (t2), and the 30th day (t3) of immersion. Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was applied, followed by performing independent samples t test, one‐way analysis of variance and post‐hoc Tukey tests to compare the color change values at different time points.ResultsThe mean score of NBS values of the coffee solution indicates perceivable color change at the end of the 30th day in the conventional acrylic teeth group. It was 0.843 ± 0.395 at t1, then increased to 1.017 ± 0.477 at t2 and to 2.259 ± 1.059 at t3. There is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in color change values between both tooth types at the end of the 30th day of immersion in red tea solution and a statistically significant difference at the end of the 7th day (p < 0.05) and the 30th day (p < 0.05) of immersion in coffee solution.ConclusionsCAD/CAM PMMA teeth are more color stable than conventional acrylic teeth after 30 days of immersion in coffee and red tea solution.
Recent Advances of CeO2‐Based Composite Materials for Photocatalytic Applications
Authors: Yan Yu‐Qing , Wu Yu‐Zheng , Wu Yong‐Hui , Weng Zong‐Lin , Liu Shi‐Jie , Liu Zeng‐Guang , Lu Kang‐Qiang , Han Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotocatalysis has the advantages of practical, sustainable and environmental protection, so it plays a significant role in energy transformation and environmental utilization. CeO2 has attracted widespread attention for its unique 4 f electrons, rich defect structures, high oxygen storage capacity and great chemical stability. In this paper, we review the structure of CeO2 and the common methods for the preparation of CeO2‐based composites in the first part. In particular, we highlight the co‐precipitation method, template method, and sol‐gel method methods. Then, in the second part, we introduce the application of CeO2‐based composites in photocatalysis, including photocatalytic CO2 reduction, hydrogen production, degradation, selective organic reaction, and photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. In addition, we discuss several modification techniques to improve the photocatalytic performance of CeO2‐based composites, such as elemental doping, defect engineering, constructing heterojunction and morphology regulation. Finally, the challenges faced by CeO2‐based composites are analyzed and their development prospects are prospected. This review provides a systematic summary of the recent advance of CeO2‐based composites in the field of photocatalysis, which can provide useful references for the rational design of efficient CeO2‐based composite photocatalysts for sustainable development.
A novel UEBASC‐qZSI‐based BLDC motor drive with modified DTC for EV application
Authors: Dutta Avismit , Das Sudhansu Sekhar , Panda Aurobinda 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAt present taking into account the situation of the environment and the growing demand of fossil fuels, electric vehicles (EVs) are a highly promising option for the transportation system. Many manufacturers of electric vehicles employ BLDC motors as the vehicle's driving component. In contrast to the many advantages that BLDC motors offer, one of the major drawbacks of employing these motors is the production of relatively high distortion in electromagnetic torque that is created by commutation. This distortion in torque has an effect on the vehicle's performance. In this proposed work a BLDC motor is powered by a cutting‐edge, highly gained q‐ZSI Ultra‐Extended Boost Active Switch Controlled Based Quasi Z‐source Inverter, or UEBASC‐qZSI. In the aforementioned drive, the torque distortion is minimized with the use of a modified direct torque control approach. With the aid of this UEBASC‐qZSI, the efficiency of EVs can be improved, and the overall safety of the driving cycle is also increased. Any vehicle's efficiency can be enhanced with the help of this UEBASC‐qZSI, and the overall safety of the overall system can also be improved. To validate the efficacy of the system, a Simulink model is developed in the MATLAB platform. Also, a hardware prototype model is developed for experimental authentication. The modeling and investigational findings demonstrate that the proposed system has significantly reduced the torque ripple while obtaining the necessary input dc bus voltage.
Detection of doping substances in paired dried blood spots and urine samples collected during doping controls in Danish fitness centers
Authors: Levernæs Maren Christin Stillesby , Solheim Sara A. , Broderstad Lillian , Zandy Essa , Mørkeberg Jakob , Dehnes Yvette 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe use of dried blood spot (DBS) in anti‐doping can be advantageous in terms of collection, transportation, and storage compared with the traditional anti‐doping testing matrices urine and venous blood. There could, nonetheless, be disadvantages such as shorter detection windows for some substances compared with urine, but real‐life comparison of the detectability of prohibited substances in DBS and urine is lacking. Herein, we present a liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS)‐based screening method for simultaneous detection of 19 target analytes from the doping substance categories S1–S5 in a single spot. Ninety‐eight urine and upper‐arm DBS (Tasso‐M20) sample pairs were collected from fitness centers customers notified for doping control by Anti Doping Denmark, and three sample pairs were collected from active steroid users undergoing clinical evaluation and treatment at a Danish hospital. The analytical findings were cross compared to evaluate the applicability of the developed DBS testing menu in terms of feasibility and analytical performance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the detectability of prohibited substances in DBS and urine samples collected in a doping control setting. Twenty‐seven of the urine samples and 23 DBS samples were positive, and we observed a very high concordance (95%) in the overall analytical results (i.e., positive or negative samples for both urine and DBS). Collectively, these results are very promising, and DBS seems suitable as a stand‐alone matrix in doping control in fitness centers likely because of the high analyte concentration levels in these samples.
Individual differences in motivation to change in individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Robinson Lauren , Flynn Michaela , Cooper Myra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveMotivation to change has been suggested to significantly impact treatment outcomes in eating disorders (EDs). This review will investigate factors associated with motivation to change in EDs with the aim of supporting clinicians to be aware and sensitive to factors that might obstruct recovery and to inform motivation‐based interventions.MethodUsing PRISMA guidelines, this article identified 24 studies through database searches meeting eligibility criteria. Only correlates of motivation were identified, limiting the ability of this review to identify causal relationships. Factors that changed alongside changes in motivation were identified from longitudinal studies.ResultsThis review identified factors such as individual characteristics, co‐morbid psychopathology, lack of treatment autonomy and relationships with others to be associated with motivation to change in individuals with EDs. In addition, motivation to change significantly increased alongside self‐esteem and identity re‐negotiation when measured longitudinally.DiscussionMotivational interviewing can typically focus on exploring ambivalence to treatment, identifying goals and values, and increasing self‐efficacy. However, this review identifies individual and relational factors to be particularly significant and may obstruct recovery from an ED. As such, evidence‐based targets have been identified to inform clinicians and motivation‐based interventions.Public significanceKnowledge of factors associated with motivation to change in EDs is important to understand those who may have poorer treatment outcomes. Motivation may be improved by supporting individuals' relationship with others and tailoring interventions according to temperament and personality traits. Utilizing an individual's social support as they enter ED treatment may be effective in maximizing motivation to recover.
Synthesis of Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Carboxamides and Ketones from [1.1.1]Propellane
Authors: Ling Min , Chen Meng‐Ke , Jiang Qian , Cheng Dongping , Li Jing‐Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) carboxamides are prepared from the direct addition of [1.1.1]propellane with semicarbazides in the presence of iron(II) phthalocyanine {Fe(Pc)} and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) in moderate to good yields. BCP ketones are also obtained under similar conditions in moderate yields. This protocol provides a straightforward one‐step access to BCP carboxamides, synthesis of which requires multiple chemical steps in previous reports.
Capacity sizing method of virtual power plants based on game theory
Authors: Liu Xiaoou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the context of a low‐carbon economy, considering the output uncertainties of the renewable energy sources and the fluctuation of electrical price, the cost–benefit analysis is proposed for multi‐investor virtual power plant (VPP) under different risk preferences, and multi‐investor VPP capacity sizing problem is researched. First, the structural organization and flexible regulation characteristics of multi‐investor VPPs are analyzed. Second, integrated model and cost–benefit analysis indexes of VPP are built. Third, an optimal capacity sizing model of multi‐investor VPP is established, aiming at income maximization. Game theory is used to configure the distributed generators in the VPP under various cooperative modes and noncooperative modes of multiple investors. Fourth, according to the installed proportion of each distributed generator and the risk preference coefficient of each investor, the income allocation correction model based on the improved Shapley value method is proposed to stabilize the optimal VPP alliance. Finally, the demonstration project in the animation industry park of Sino‐Singapore Tianjin Eco‐City is employed as representative scenarios, which is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results prove that the method proposed in this paper can guide knowledge for the investors with different risk preferences when planning the optimal capacity of multiple distributed generators in the VPP.
Experimental study on the dissolution characteristics of ethane into oil‐based mud in complex oil and gas wellbore environments
Authors: Xuncheng Song , Yongwang Liu , Hongqiang Huang , Guojun Lin , Francis Sukari Bernard , Jun Cai , Lei Wang , Zhiqiang Jiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccurately determining the solubility of ethane in oil‐based mud is crucial for assessing the severity of gas kicks and implementing appropriate well control procedures. The key factors influencing the solubility of ethane gas in oil‐based drilling fluids include the content of base oil, pressure, temperature, and the viscosity of the drilling fluid. This study aims to test the solubility of high‐purity ethane in oil‐based mud under simulated downhole conditions in a 5000 m deep well. The test covers a temperature range of 40–140°C and a partial pressure range of 0.17–5.92 MPa. The effects of temperature, pressure, base oil content, and drilling fluid viscosity on the solubility of ethane are analyzed using various experimental data processing methods. The results show that the variation in ethane solubility with pressure and temperature is nearly linear within the specified ranges. Furthermore, the impact of pressure (1.24–2.78%/MPa) on solubility is approximately 50 times greater than that of temperature (−0.013 to −0.049%/°C) in oil‐based drilling mud. Additionally, ethane's solubility decreases as the drilling fluid's viscosity increases. The ethane solubility in 80% and 90% oil‐based muds is roughly 1.6 times and 2.0 times higher than in 70% oil‐based mud under the same testing conditions. Models for predicting ethane solubility have been developed using screening procedures and statistical regression. These models can be incorporated into gas–liquid flow models to analyze flow behavior during gas kicks.
A legacy in three discourse shifts: Stafford Hood, culturally responsive evaluation, and the continual interrogation of and resistance against European/Euro‐settler colonial/capitalist hegemony in, through, and around evaluation
Authors: Shanker Vidhya , Hopson Rodney K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe subtitle of this special issue, “We Know Your Name,” is as much an homage to Stafford Hood as it is to the Nobody Knows My Name oral and archival historical project he begat (2001), laying the foundation for a set of written projects that highlight the contributions of evaluation groundbreakers before the Brown v. Board of Education 1954 Supreme Court decision. The purpose of this article is twofold: (a) to historicize and contextualize the contributions of Hood and culturally responsive evaluation (CRE), and (b) to engage in dialogue about the future of CRE, including its application among those advancing critical consciousness in and around academia, government agencies, research and evaluation firms, nonprofit/nongovernmental organizations, and philanthropy. We fulfill this purpose by identifying, naming, and explaining three shifts within evaluation discourse that we attribute to Hood's scholarship and activism within the field, with mixed results for the liberation of minoritized and otherized groups. CRE seems everywhere at the moment. Amidst its mainstreaming, diluting, and whitewashing, we see an opening for critique and resistance. Failure to critique diminishes both Hood's legacy and the critical and liberatory roots underlying CRE. This article honors the past while catalyzing the continual interrogation and resistance against the hegemony waged within and through evaluation.
Impact of urban productive safety net programme on poverty reduction and food security: Evidence from major cities of Eastern Ethiopia (Dire Dawa, Harar and Jigjiga)
Authors: Abdulahi Salah Mohammed , Feyisa Habtamu Legese , Ayen Dereje Degu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDifferent social protection programs are designed in low‐income countries to eradicate poverty and improve the food security of poor people. Currently, the Urban Productive Safety Net Program (UPSNP) is designed to support those who are living in poverty and face food insecurity with predictable and reliable support through food, cash, or vouchers. However, limited empirical evidence has been presented about the significant impact of the program on the well‐being of households who participated in the program and the factors that affect the households' decision to participate in the program. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the impact of participation in UPSNP on well‐being using household survey data gathered from three main cities of Ethiopia: Dire Dawa, Harar, and Jigjiga in 2022. This study employed both propensity score matching (PSM) and endogenous switching regression (ESR) models to assess the impact of the UPSNP. The result shows that the probability of a household's participation decision is determined by the age of the household head, number of children, savings, house ownership, employment status of the household head, and shock. Furthermore, we found a consistently positive impact across models, indicating that participation in UPSNP reduces poverty and increases food security of households.