bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new model for competitive warfare and sustained advantage
Authors: Barat Somjit 
Published: January 2009

Abstract

Past attempts to design competitive strategies suffer from measurement and theoretical disagreements.

Some strategies look good on paper, but lack feasibility and applicability.

Author suggests a taxonomy of strategic offensive that is unique because the model is
— scalable based on the size and relative competitive position of the firm in the industry and
— feasible, because the taxonomy is based on matrices that are simpler and easier to follow than extant literature.

Model handy for strategists and market planners who want to consolidate their market position.

Interesting implications and ideas for future study provided for interested readers.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Folate is higher in developmentally younger potato tubers
Authors: Goyer Aymeric , Navarre Duroy A 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Folate deficiency is a global nutritional problem and is problematic even in the developed world. Several studies have shown that, because of their high consumption, potatoes are an important source of dietary folate. New or baby potatoes constitute a valuable niche market that has been expanding in recent years. In this study, folate concentrations were measured throughout tuber development, including the new potato stage.RESULTS: Folate concentrations were determined in tubers from three cultivars harvested at regular intervals throughout the growing season. Folate was higher in young tubers and dropped 2.6‐ to 3.4‐fold by the time of harvest. Analysis of the transcription of 11 genes involved in folate metabolism suggested that developmental changes in folate concentrations may be controlled primarily at the post‐transcriptional level.CONCLUSION: Folate concentrations were higher in younger tubers and substantially higher in some cultivars. New potatoes can be a significant source of folate, and new potato characteristics such as this are likely to be valued by consumers. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Chip‐mass spectrometry for glycomic studies
Authors: Bindila Laura , Peter‐Katalinić Jasna 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe introduction of micro‐ and nanochip front end technologies for electrospray mass spectrometry addressed a major challenge in carbohydrate analysis: high sensitivity structural determination and heterogeneity assessment in high dynamic range mixtures of biological origin. Chip‐enhanced electrospray ionization was demonstrated to provide reproducible performance irrespective of the type of carbohydrate, while the amenability of chip systems for coupling with different mass spectrometers greatly advance the chip/MS technique as a versatile key tool in glycomic studies. A more accurate representation of the glycan repertoire to include novel biologically‐relevant information was achieved in different biological sources, asserting this technique as a valuable tool in glycan biomarker discovery and monitoring. Additionally, the integration of various analytical functions onto chip devices and direct hyphenation to MS proved its potential for glycan analysis during the recent years, whereby a new analytical tool is on the verge of maturation: lab‐on‐chip MS glycomics. The achievements until early beginning of 2007 on the implementation of chip‐ and functional integrated chip/MS in systems glycobiology studies are reviewed here. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 28:223–253, 2009
Is the bedside timed vibration test reliable?
Authors: Botez Stephan A. , Liu George , Logigian Eric , Herrmann David N. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe timed vibration test (TVT) is an easy‐to‐perform bedside sensory test; however, its reliability is not well established at sites commonly used for clinical testing. We evaluated intra‐ and interrater reliability of the TVT in a healthy control cohort of 25 adult volunteers and assessed the influence of neurologic training on TVT. Intrarater [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) range 0.79–0.92] and interrater (ICC range 0.0.82–0.95) reliability of TVT was high at different sites, which suggests that TVT is a reliable bedside examination when performed using a standardized protocol. Muscle Nerve 39: 221–223, 2009
Sensory loss in multifocal motor neuropathy: A clinical and electrophysiological study
Authors: Lambrecq Virginie , Krim Elsa , Rouanet‐Larrivière Marie , Lagueny Alain 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSome patients fulfilling the criteria for the diagnosis of multifocal motor neuropathy with conduction block (MMN‐CB) at the onset of disease may subsequently develop a sensory loss associated with electrophysiological sensory abnormalities. The latter could represent an overlap between MMN‐CB and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor (MADSAM) neuropathy. The objective was to specify the features of MMN‐CB with sensory loss (MMN‐CB‐Se). Five patients in a series of 11 consecutive patients who fulfilled the criteria of the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine for MMN‐CB at the first examination and were treated periodically with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) developed sensory loss in the course of the disease. In these five patients we compared the clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological features found after the development of sensory loss with those at the first examination. The mean time to appearance of objective sensory signs was 7.2 years. In three of the five patients the sensory loss was preceded by intermittent paresthesias in the same nerve territories as the motor involvement. The most frequent electrophysiological abnormality was amplitude reduction of sensory nerve action potentials. There were no bilateral or symmetrical clinical and electrophysiological sensory abnormalities. Anti‐GM1 IgM antibodies were positive in four patients. MMN‐CB‐Se could be an overlap between MMN‐CB and MADSAM. It shares the distribution of the sensory disorders encountered in MADSAM, but it is closer to MMN‐CB on clinical and therapeutic levels. Study of more patients would be useful to classify this subgroup more accurately. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Preparing network configurations for IPv6 renumbering
Authors: Leroy Damien , Bonaventure Olivier 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe difficulty of renumbering a network—i.e., adding and removing an Internet Protocol (IP) prefix due to a provider change or a network merger—is a real issue for most network administrators. In this paper, we propose a set of macros that can be used in configuration files. These allow network administrators to write generic configurations that are independent of the public IPv6 prefixes allocated to their network. We explain how to apply our macros to key configuration files, namely firewall access lists, Domain Name Service and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, and how to use this mechanism in a full renumbering process. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
School‐based counseling of abused children
Authors: Brassard Marla R. , Rivelis Erin , Diaz Vielka 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAbused children experience high rates of behavior, emotional, and learning problems but infrequently receive treatment. Most services provided to abused children and their families are not based on any clear evidence that they work. A number of evidence‐based treatments (EBTs), demonstrated to be safe and effective in treating a range of difficulties that present in children exposed to family violence, are appropriate for schools. We briefly review forms of abuse, describe EBTs appropriate for schools, and present a decision tree for deciding who to treat and how. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conceptual frame for selecting individual psychotherapy in the schools
Authors: Hughes Tammy L. , Theodore Lea A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPsychotherapy is a service‐delivery that is provided for both general and special education students. This manuscript examines a conceptual framework for determing when to employ psychotherapy within the school‐based setting. Decisions are informed by the relationship between problem behavior, therapeutic techniques, short‐term outcomes, and overall child development. Both the individual needs of students and the cumulative body of evidence regarding treatment effectiveness are required for intervention selection. The school psychologists' unique training in psychology and education affords the opportunity to effectively use psychotherapy to enhance the academic and social development of children. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of the leaving group solvation on solvolytic behavior of benzhydryl derivatives
Authors: Denegri Bernard , Kronja Olga 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAn effect of the leaving group (LG) solvation on reactivity of benzhydryl derivatives in SN1 reactions has been investigated by using X,Y‐substituted benzhydryl phenyl carbonates, methyl carbonates, 3,5‐dinitrobenzoates (DNB), and the corresponding benzhydryl chlorides as reference compounds. Reaction constants (sf) derived from LFER equation log k (25 °C) = sf(Nf + Ef) indicate that sf parameters of carbonates and DNBs decrease as the fraction of the water in a given solvent/water mixture increases, while those of chlorides remain unchanged. This phenomenon is due to less important solvation and less charge separation in the TS. Effects of the solvents on the reaction rates were analyzed by Grunwald–Winstein correlations using various solvent‐ionizing power scales. The m values obtained for carbonates and DNBs are considerably smaller than the m values for chlorides. Also, the solvolysis rate constants of substrates that have stronger electrofuges are less influenced by solvent (lower m) than those with weaker electrofuges. Values of m parameters obtained for a given substrate in a given binary solvent system correlate well with the electrofugality of the generated benzhydrylium ion. Abscissa at which m = 0 represents the extrapolated critical electrofugality E of the substrates whose solvolysis rates should not depend on the water fraction in the aqueous/organic solvent mixtures. Similar values for the critical electrofugality have also been obtained from extrapolated logk versus Ef plots. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation, Characterization, and Sensitivity Data of Some Azidomethyl Nitramines
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard , Steemann F. Xaver 
Published: January 2009

Abstract1,3‐Diazido‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane (DANP) and 1,7‐diazido‐2,4,6‐trinitro‐2,4,6‐triazaheptane (DATH) were synthesized, thoroughly analyzed, and their explosive properties and sensitivities toward friction and impact were measured. The precursors 1,3‐diacetoxy‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane (1), 1,3‐dichloro‐2‐nitro‐2‐azapropane (3), and 1,7‐dichloro‐2,4,6‐trinitro‐2,4,6‐triazaheptane (4) – as well as DATH – were furthermore characterized by X‐ray diffraction.
A proposed interaction mechanism between elastin‐derived peptides and the elastin/laminin receptor‐binding domain
Authors: Moroy G. , Ostuni A. , Pepe A. , Tamburro A. M. , Alix A. J. P. , Héry‐Huynh S. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractElastin‐derived peptides (EDPs) have been intensively studied in view of their widely diverse biological activities. These are triggered both in normal and tumor cells, through peptide anchoring at the surface of the elastin‐binding protein (EBP), a subunit of the elastin/laminin receptor. In this study, we investigated both the structure of the Sgal peptide, representing the elastin‐binding domain of EBP, and its interaction with EDPs, through a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. Although the conformation of the Sgal peptide is highly flexible, we detected a type I β‐turn at the QDEA sequence. This represents the best structured motif in the entire Sgal peptide, which might therefore contribute to its binding activity. We further propose a novel three‐dimensional model for the interaction between the Sgal peptide and EDPs; folding of the EDPs at the GXXP motif, in a conformation close to a type VIII β‐turn, provides the efficient contact of the protein with the Q residue of the Sgal peptide. This residue is exposed to the peptide surface, because of the β‐turn structure of the QDEA residues in the peptide sequence. We further show that this complex is stabilized by three hydrogen bonds involving EDPs backbone atoms. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combined computational and biochemical study reveals the importance of electrostatic interactions between the “pH sensor” and the cation binding site of the sodium/proton antiporter NhaA of Escherichia coli
Authors: Olkhova Elena , Kozachkov Lena , Padan Etana , Michel Hartmut 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSodium proton antiporters are essential enzymes that catalyze the exchange of sodium ions for protons across biological membranes. The crystal structure of NhaA has provided a basis to explore the mechanism of ion exchange and its unique regulation by pH. Here, the mechanism of the pH activation of the antiporter is investigated through functional and computational studies of several variants with mutations in the ion‐binding site (D163, D164). The most significant difference found computationally between the wild type antiporter and the active site variants, D163E and D164N, are low pKa values of Glu78 making them insensitive to pH. Although in the variant D163N the pKa of Glu78 is comparable to the physiological one, this variant cannot demonstrate the long‐range electrostatic effect of Glu78 on the pH‐dependent structural reorganization of trans‐membrane helix X and, hence, is proposed to be inactive. In marked contrast, variant D164E remains sensitive to pH and can be activated by alkaline pH shift. Remarkably, as expected computationally and discovered here biochemically, D164E is viable and active in Na+/H+ exchange albeit with increased apparent KM. Our results unravel the unique electrostatic network of NhaA that connect the coupled clusters of the “pH sensor” with the binding site, which is crucial for pH activation of NhaA. Proteins 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impacts of nano‐structures in p‐ and i‐layer on the performances of amorphous silicon solar cells
Authors: Liao Xianbo , Du Wenhui , Cao Xinmin , Yang Xiesen , Xiang Xianbi , Zhang Shibin , Fan Qihua , Sun Kai , Deng Xunming 
Published: January 2009

AbstractFine‐grained nano‐structures were introduced in p‐ and i‐layers of n‐i‐p type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) based solar cells deposited on stainless steel substrate, and their impacts on the cell performances were characterized. It is found that the hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc‐Si:H) p‐layer with a certain nanocrystalline volume fraction leads to a higher Voc of 1.042 V. For the intrinsic layer, introducing a middle‐range ordered‐like structure and a small amount of nanosized silicon crystallites may decrease the light‐induced degradation and increase the stabilized efficiency of n‐i‐p a‐Si:H based solar cells up to 10% for single junction nano‐structured a‐Si:H solar cells with an area of 0.25 cm2, AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Research status of silicon‐based thin film solar cells in Nankai University
Authors: Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan , Xue Junming , Zhang Jianjun , Hou Guofu , Cai Ning , Chen Xinliang , Wei Changchun , Sun Jian , Zhang Dekun , Ren Huizhi , Xiong Shaozhen , Geng Xinhua 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper reviews the development of silicon‐based thin films in Nankai University. It can be divided into the following research areas: (1) light arrangement for wide utilizing the solar energy: textural transparent conductive oxide (TCO) including p‐type ZnO; (2) silicon‐based thin film solar cells including amorphous silicon and microcrystalline silicon; (3) plasma diagnostic and simulation for effectively controlling deposition conditions; (4) one example explored on new concept of next generation solar cells: up‐conversion for a‐Si solar cells. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling and simulation of Si crystal growth from melt
Authors: Liu Lijun , Miyazawa Hiroaki , Nakano Satoshi , Liu Xin , Li Zaoyang , Kakimoto Koichi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA numerical simulator was developed with a global model of heat transfer for any crystal growth taking place at high temperature. Convective, conductive and radiative heat transfers in the furnace are solved together in a conjugated way by a finite volume method. A three‐dimensional (3D) global model was especially developed for simulation of heat transfer in any crystal growth with 3D features. The model enables 3D global simulation be conducted with moderate requirement of computer resources. The application of this numerical simulator to a CZ growth and a directional solidification process for Si crystals, the two major production methods for crystalline Si for solar cells, was introduced. Some typical results were presented, showing the importance and effectiveness of numerical simulation in analyzing and improving these kinds of Si crystal growth processes from melt. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neutron irradiation defects in Czochralski silicon
Authors: Chen Guifeng , Li Yangxian , Liu Caichi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this paper the influence of neutron irradiated on the defects and oxygen precipitation in Czochralski silicon were investigated. The vacancy‐oxygen complex (VO, A‐center) is one of the main defects formed in neutron‐irradiated Czochralski silicon (CZ‐Si). In this defect, the oxygen atom shares a vacancy, it is bonded to two silicon neighbours. Annealing of the A‐center in varied neutron‐irradiated CZ‐Si consists of two processes. The first is trapping of VO by interstitial oxygen (Oi) in low‐dose neutron‐irradiated CZ‐Si and the second is capturing of the wandering vacancy by VO, etc, in high‐dose neutron‐irradiated CZ‐Si. With the increase of the irradiation dose, the annealing behavior of the A‐center is changed and the formation of the VO2 is depressed. It is found that V2 and V4 abound in high‐dose irradiated CZ‐Si. With the increase of the annealing temperature the monovacancy type defect is annihilated. The results show that the formation of V4 is enhanced when the annealing temperature ran up to 400‐600 °C and with the FTIR absorption peak at the wave number of 829 cm–1 (VO) disappearing, five absorption peaks appear. It can be concluded that these defect‐impurity complexes prolong the lifetime of positrons. It is found that the high‐dose irradiated greatly accelerates the oxygen precipitation which leads to a sharp decrease of the interstitial oxygen with the increase of the annealing time. At room temperature, the 1107 cm–1 infrared absorption band of interstitial oxygen becomes weak and broadens to low energy side. The bulk micro‐defects, including stacking faults, dislocations and dislocation loops, were observed by the optical microscopy. New or large stacking faults grow up when the silicon self‐interstitial atoms are created and aggregate with oxygen precipitation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Single crystal silicon micro mirrors
Authors: Schenk Harald , Sandner Thilo , Drabe Christian , Klose Thomas , Conrad Holger 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA single crystal silicon mirror technology based on BSOI (Bonded Silicon on Insulator) wafers is presented to fabricate 1D and 2D scanning mirrors. An in‐plane electrode configuration is used to resonantly drive the mirror. The optical, mechanical and sensorial requirements are discussed in particular for projection applications. The Image quality of dynamically deformed mirrors is treated by the modulation transfer function. A design approach for the mirror suspension is presented to achieve a lower degree of dynamic deformation and thus to minimize image quality degradation. The fracture probability of torsional springs is treated by a Weibull statistic. A separation approach is used to compare springs of various shape and load. For amplitude and phase control a novel integrated piezoresistive transducer is presented which can be fabricated without any additional implantations. The potential of the single crystal silicon micro mirrors is demonstrated by an ultra compact VGA projector and a micro laser camera for endoscopes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Engineered Si wafers: On the role of oxide heterostructures as buffers for the integration of alternative semiconductors
Authors: Schroeder T. , Giussani A. , Dabrowski J. , Zaumseil P. , Müssig H.‐J. , Seifarth O. , Storck P. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractEngineered Si wafer systems present an important materials science approach to further improve the performance of Si‐based micro‐ and nanoelectronics. This is due to the potential to integrate alternative semiconductor layers on the mature Si wafer technology platform which are otherwise too expensive or even impossible to grow in bulk form in the required quality and quantity. Ge is attracting increasing research interest because it is for example a promising material for high mobility channel CMOS technologies as well as a mediator material to achieve the manufacturing of III‐V/Si hybrid devices. The integration of Ge on Si wafers is today either achieved by a combination of layer transfer and wafer bonding techniques or by a sequence of subsequent, epitaxial thin film deposition growth steps. In the latter case, the traditional approach to integrate Ge layers of low defect densities is given by the use of compositionally graded SiGe heterostructures. As this approach suffers however from required SiGe buffer thicknesses on the micrometer scale, making integrated circuit processing difficult, research on the development of innovative buffer heteroepitaxy approaches is intensively pursued. A new interesting class of buffer materials with a high degree of flexibility is given by oxide heterostructures. Using the integration of single crystalline Si and Ge on the Si(111) material platform via oxide heterostructures as an example, the flexibility of engineered oxide heterostructures to control important epitaxy parameters is demonstrated. In this study, epitaxial Si(111) and Ge(111) layers were grown on cubic Y2O3(111)/cubic Pr2O3(111)/Si(111) and Pr2O3(111)/Si(111) support systems, respectively. The structural properties of the Si‐on‐Insulator (SOI) and Ge‐on‐Insulator (GOI) heterostructures were characterized in detail by a combination of laboratory‐ and synchrotron‐based methods. As main result, both the epitaxial Si(111) and Ge(111) films were shown to be atomically smooth and single crystalline (i.e. free of stacking twins). Defect engineering approaches need to be applied in future to reduce stacking faults (e.g. microtwins) which are identified as the major defect mechanism in the epitaxial Si(111) and Ge(111) films. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)