bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissection of the antigenic determinants expressed on the cell surface of rsv‐transformed fibroblasts by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Ferracini Riccardo , Prat Maria , Comoglio Paolo M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFusion of P3/X63‐Ag8 mouse myeloma cells with splenocytes obtained from mice hyperimmunized with a BHK hamster fibroblast line transformed by an envstrain of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) resulted in the production of antibody‐secreting hybridomas. Seven hybrid clones secreted antibodies binding to RSV‐transformed BHK fibroblasts but not to the parental control non‐transformed line. The antibodies produced by three of these clones did identify antigenic determinants expressed also on BHK cells transformed by SV40. The antibodies produced by four other clones reacted specifically with cells transformed by RSV but not with cells productively infected by the transformation‐defective Rous‐associated virus‐1; one of these reacted with RSV‐transformed hamster cells only, three others identified antigenic determinants common to RSV‐ transformed cells of different animal species. These data give further support to the idea that RSV‐transformed cells express a cell‐surface antigen, specific for transformation, the expression of which is controlled by the transforming src gene, and that the specificities carried on it follow a complex pattern, arising from the interaction between antigenic determinants of cellular and viral origin.
Cellular mechanisms underlying the adjuvant activity of Candida albicans in a mouse lymphoma model
Authors: Marconi P. , Tissi L. , Baccarini M. , Bistoni F. , Cassone A. , Garaci E. , Puccetti P. , Bonmassar E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInactivated Candida albicans (CA) possesses strong anti‐tumor activity when combined with cytoreductive chemotherapy in a mouse lymphoma model. In the present study, experiments were performed in order to elucidate the mechanism(s) underlying CA immunoadjuvant activity. In vivo chemotherapy studies proved that the synergistic anti‐tumor effects were lost in athymic (nu/nu) mice and were also abrogated by radiations. In vitro tests did not suggest a major involvement of natural cytotoxic effectors such as macrophages and natural killer cells nor did CA effects appear to be mediated by induction of interferon. It was concluded that the immunoadjuvant activity of CA largely relies on host responses against tumor‐associated transplantation antigens with no major involvement of natural resistance immune mechanisms.
Establishment and characterization of a human myeloma cell line (KMM‐1)
Authors: Togawa Atsushi , Inoue Nobumasa , Hyodo Huminori , Namba Masayoshi , Miyamoto Kanji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new cell line (KMM‐1) was established from a subcutaneous plasmacytoma of a 62‐year‐old male with multiple myeloma. Immunological studies indicated that cultured cells were derived from the same clone of myeloma cells in vivo: smeared cells were stained with fluoresceinconjugated globulin of antisera monospecific to lambdachain, and lambda‐chains in the cell extracts and in culture media were identical to the Bence‐Jones protein found in the patient's urine. The cell line grew in suspension with a doubling time of 36‐40 h and contained primitive plasmablastoid cells with prominent nucleoli and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Cells had the karyotype of 47, X, ‐Y. lq+, ‐2, +t(1:2) (cen:cen), +7, 12q+, 14q+, +mar and carried no Epstein‐Barr virus‐determined nuclear antigen. Surface markers were as follows; E rosette (‐), IgG Fc receptor (‐), C3 receptor (‐), S‐lg (+), TdT (‐), asialo‐GM, (‐). The reasons for the successful establishment of the myeloma cell line are discussed.
Intra‐uterine exposure to saccharine and risk of bladder cancer in man
Authors: Jensen O. M. , Kamby C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnimal experiments show that rats fed saccharine are more likely to develop bladder tumours if they have been exposed to saccharine in utero through their mothers' food. The risk of bladder tumours in humans following in utero exposure to saccharine has not been evaluated previously. In Denmark the use of saccharine increased sharply during the second World War as a result of scarcity of sugar, and import and export figures indicate that saccharine consumption was on average 4‐5 times higher during the war‐time period than in the pre‐war decade. The risk of bladder tumours at ages 20‐34 was 1.0 (95% confidence interval 0.7‐1.6) among men born in 1941‐1945 compared with men born 1931‐1940. Among women the risk was 0.3 (0.1‐1.0). This study provides no evidence of an increased risk of human bladder cancer during the first 30‐35 years of life associated with in utero saccharine exposure.
Detection of a human melanoma‐associated antigen, p97, in histological sections of primary human melanomas
Authors: Garrigues H. J. , Tilgen W. , Hellstrōm I. , Franke W. , Hellstroum K. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe unlabelled antibody technique of Sternberger was used to study the localization in histological sections of human melanoma‐associated antigen p97, which is defined by a monoclonal antibody. The antigen was detected in 8 of 10 primary skin melanomas, in 6 of 7 metastatic melanomas and in 2 of 2 compound nevi. It was localized at the cell surface, the cytoplasm and the nucleus always being negative. The antigen was not seen in cells from 3 basal cell carcinomas, I squamous cell carcinoma, I leiomyosarcoma, or in samples of normal skin (including keratinocytes, connective tissue consisting of collagenous and elastic fibers, fibroblasts, sebaceous glands, blood vessels, smooth muscles, or inflammatory cells such as granulocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages), kidney or lung. There was, however, staining of some cells in the secretory segment of eccrine sweat glands from 2 patients, possibly corresponding to myoepithelial cells. Antigen expression was somewhat variable between cells from different melanomas as well as between individual cells from the same melanoma. The possible diagnostic value of this procedure for identification and classification of melanomas is discussed.
Natural antibodies to cell‐surface antigens of human astrocytoma
Authors: Pfreundschuh M. , Röhrich M. , Piotrowski W. , Berlit P. , Penzholz H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera of 200 non‐transfused healthy male blood donors were tested for antibody reactivity to cell‐surface antigens of cultured astrocytoma cells. Positive reactions were observed only rarely by protein‐A assay (PA), in about half the cases by immune adherence assay (IA) and in nearly all cases by anti‐C3 mixed hemadsorption assay (C3‐MHA). In general, titers were low and only seven sera showed reactivity at 1:1,000. Serum 537 showed the strongest reaction. The anti‐astrocytoma reactivity in this serum was due to an IgG antibody. Extensive absorption analysis with a panel of cell lines and fresh cells of both benign and malignant origin, as well al fetal cells, revealed that this serum detected an anigen that was present on most neural‐crest‐derived tumors (astrocytomas, melanomas and neuroblastomas), on very few other malignant tumors and on fetal brain. The antigen detected by serum 537 shows close relationship to the astrocytoma antigen Aj which had been defined by the serum of a patient with astrocytoma. Both antigens appear to be differentiation antigens present predominantly on non‐epithelial neoplasms. The antigen detected by serum 537 is heat‐stable and pronase‐resistant. The sera of two other healthy donors apparently had a similar specificity, whereas the four other high‐titered sera and all other sera detected class‐III antigens which were non‐specific and not tumorrestricted.
Colony growth and chemosensitivity in vitro of human melanoma biopsies. relationship to clinical parameters
Authors: Tveit Kjell M. , Fodstad Øystein , Lotsberg Jostein , Vaage Sigmund , Pihl Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo study the usefulness of an in vitro colony‐forming assay in predicting individual clinical responses to chemotherapy, tumor cells obtained from 150 melanoma metastases (119 patients) were grown in soft agar according to the method of Courtenay and Mills (1978), and tested for sensitivity to DTIC, CCNU, vinblastine, procarbazine, abrin and ricin. In 83% of the cases colony formation was observed (plating efficiency, PE, greater than 0.01%). Twenty‐seven per cent of the tumors gave PEs ⪖1%, 45% gave PEs in the range 0.1‐0.9%, whereas 11% of the tumors gave 0.01‐0.09%. The PEs were not correlated with the degree of pigmentation or with the clinical course. Evaluable chemosensitivity data were obtained on 104 metastases from 83 patients. Large differences in sensitivity were seen. In cases which were evaluable both in vivo and in vitro a clear correlation was found between the in vitro chemosensitivity, expressed as the expected growth delay, and the clinical response to chemotherapy. Tumors from patients with partial response, mixed response or stable disease after prior progression, all had rather high in vitro sensitivity to the drug used (expected growth delay ⪖2.0), whereas patients with progression had lower sensitivity. The results confirm that the soft agar method used here provides good culture conditions for human melanoma cells and show that chemosensitivity data can be obtained in a high percentage of melanoma patients. The approach used seems promising in aiding clinicians to adjust chemotherapy to individual patients.
Specificity of auto‐tumor cytotoxicity exerted by fresh, activated and propagated human t lymphocytes
Authors: Vánky Farkas , Klein Eva 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe specificity of auto‐tumor cytotoxicity exerted by patients' T lymphocytes was investigated. Lymphocytes, both activated and non‐activated, were used as effectors against freshly separated tumor cells. Activation was achieved by treatment with interferon (Hu‐IFN‐α), stimulation with PHA, co‐cultivation with autologous tumor biopsy cells (ATS) and allogeneic lymphocytes (MLC). Of these activation systems, ATS was the most efficient in generating auto‐tumor cytotoxicity. In some cases the lymphocytes activated in MLC or treated with PHA also damaged autologous tumor cells, but IFN‐pretreatment of the lymphocytes had no such effect. When the ATS‐ or MLC‐activated lymphocytes were propagated with conditioned medium known to contain Interleukin‐2, their lytic potential against autologous tumors was maintained. In addition to autologous tumor biopsy cells, the effector populations were also confronted with other targets such as Con A blasts and allogeneic tumor biopsy cells. The latter were lysed by the lymphocytes activated in MLC, but not by the ATS cultures. Thus, on the population level, the ATS was specific for the autologous tumor cells. Cold target competition tests suggested that in the MLC‐s the autologous tumor cells were killed by a distinct set of lymphocytes because allogeneic cells (tumor cells or the stimulator lymphocytes), even if killed by the same effector populations, did not compete. Thus, in these cultures the auto‐tumor specificity of the lysis was on the level of the effector subset. Therefore, it is likely that, independently of the mode of activation, the auto‐tumor lysis is the function of lymphocytes which recognize tumor‐ or organ‐specific antigens on the target cells.
Organotropism of the lymphoproliferative disease virus (lpdv) of turkeys
Authors: Gazit Arnona , Schwarzbard Zivia , Yantv Abraham , Ianconescu Marius , Perk Kalman , Zimber Amatzia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTurkey poults were inoculated with lymphoproliferative disease virus (LPDV) of turkey, and the organotropism of the inoculated virus was determined from the kinetics of virus expression and tumor formation. Molecular hybridization experiments, conducted to determine the level of viral RNA expression in the various organs of infected birds, established lymphoid tissues, including bone marrow, as the target for LPDV infection. Of these, bone marrow was the first to be infected but subsequently virus replication extended to the thymus, the spleen and the bursa of Fabricius. The low level of LPDV expression in non‐target organs probably stemmed from infiltration of infected lymphatic cells. The fact that the main organs for virus replication were not invariably the ones most clinically involved suggests that the target cells for virus infection need not necessarily be the targets for virus oncogenicity. A possible mode for LPDV infection and transformation is proposed.
Sister chromatid differentiation and cell‐cycle‐specific patterns in chronic myelocytic leukemia and normal bone marrow
Authors: Becher Reinhard , Schmidt Carl G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter In vitro incubation with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd)‐containing medium, metaphases of Philadelphia (Ph<1>)‐chromosome positive cells in the blood and/or bone marrow of eight untreated patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) were analysed by means of sister chromatid differentiation (SCD) and compared to 10 normal bone marrows. The majority of proliferating Ph<1>‐positive cells (range: 46‐86%) were unable to complete more than one cell cycle during the culture period of 50 h (M1 metaphases). Ph<1>‐positive M2 metaphases which had completed two cell cycles were found in the range of 18‐54% and almost no M3 metaphases were detected after passage through three cell cycles (0‐1%). The corresponding findings in proliferating normal bone‐marrow cells were: M1 (13‐68%), M2 (30‐79%) and M3 (0‐18%). These data support the notion that there is a prolonged cell cycle time in CML which can be measured by SCD, demonstrating a proportional shift from M3/M2 to M1 metaphases. SCD is suggested for kinetic studies on human malignant cell clones characterized by marker chromosomes.
HLA complex and familial malignant melanoma
Authors: Pellegris Giuseppe , Illeni Maria Teresa , Rovini Dario , Vaglini Maurizio , Cascinelli Natale , Ghidoni Achille 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix families with familial malignant melanoma (FMM) were HLA‐A, ‐B, and ‐C typed to ascertain whether or not FMM would segregate with the HLA complex. The HLA‐B12 antigen was present in five of the six families. In three families the HLA‐FMM linkage could be analyzed: linkage was possible in two but not in the third. These findings suggested that two types of FMM may exist: a more frequent type (five cases) that apparently segregates with the HLA complex and another (one case) that does not segregate with the HLA complex. Moreover, a factor included in the HLA region or another factor linked to it may have played an important role, in five of the six families, in FMM pathogenesis, whereas in the sixth family its role may have been performed by some other factor. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of two complementary factors (one of which was included in the HLA complex) for the promotion of FMM with dominant inheritance and high penetrance.
Human large‐bowel cancer: Correlation of clinical and histopathological features with banded chromosomes
Authors: Reichmann Amelia , Levin Bernard , Martin Paulette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractClinical and histopathological features were correlated with cytogenetic banding studies on direct preparations from 31 large‐bowel tumors. An interesting relationship between the site and the karyotypes of the tumors was observed. There appears to be a progressive increase in chromosomal number and/or structural rearrangement as one progresses from proximal to distal large bowel. We suggest that these observations may be related to differences in function and micro‐environment within different areas of the colon. Although it is not known what factors favor cytogenetic variability and instability on the left side or the presence of fewer abnormalities on the right side of the colon, it is evident that clonal karyotypic evolution may be important in the progression of large‐bowel cancer. The brevity of follow‐up precludes conclusions regarding the influence of karyotype on survival.
Antibodies to adult t‐cell leukemia‐virus‐associated antigen (atla) in sera from patients with atl and controls in japan: A nation‐wide sero‐epidemiologic study
Authors: Hinuma Y. , Komoda Haruko , Chosa T. , Kondo T. , Kohakura M. , Takenaka T. , Kikuchi M. , Ichimaru M. , Yunoki K. , Sato I. , Matsuo R. , Takiuchi Yasuko , Uchino H. , Hanaoka M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA nation‐wide sero‐epidemiologic survey of adult T‐cell leukemia virus (ATLV), detected es anti‐ATLA (ATLV‐associated antigen), was made in Japan. Sera from adult donors in 15 different locations were screened for anti‐ATLA. High incidences (6 to 37%) of antibody‐positive donors were found in seven regions, one in northern Japan, and the others in southwestern regions. These areas are ATLV‐endemic areas corresponding to ATL‐endemic areas. Examination of sera from healthy donors aged 6 to 80 years in ATL‐endemic areas showed an age‐dependent increase of seropositive donors with a maximum of about 30% at 40 years of age. Anti‐ATLA was found in all but two of 142 patients with ATL Anti‐ATLA‐positive patients with ATL were mainly found in ATLV‐endemic areas, and only a few in ATL‐nonendemic areas. Six patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma in ATLV‐nonendemic areas gave a negative reaction for anti‐ATLA. The geometric mean titer of anti‐ATLA of patients with ATL was higher than that of healthy donors.
Socio‐economic class differences in cancer incidence in cali, Colombia
Authors: Cuello Carlos , Correa Pelayo , Haenszel William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBased on census tract information, cancer incidence rates for three socio‐economic strata of the city of Cali, Colombia, were calculated. Strong negative associations with socio‐economic status were found for cancers of the cervix and stomach. Colon cancer and endocrine‐related cancers were positively associated with socio‐economic status, while no such association was found for rectal cancer. Contrary to data from developed countries, all smoking‐related cancers were positively associated with socio‐economic class. The role of socio‐economic gradients in developing countries is stressed as a basis for etiological research.
Reactivity with patient antibodies of partially purified gp40 antigen from immune complexes in burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Gazitt Y. , Klein G. , Sultzeanu D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA glycoprotein antigen (gp40) was previously identified as a major component of immune complexes isolated from sera of patients with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In the present work gp40 was partially purified from a pool of BL/NPC sera. Sera of patients with BL and NPC as well as sera of patients with other malignant and non‐malignant diseases were tested for antibodies against gp40, using a double antibody radioimmunoassay. Practically all normal sera and sera of patients with non‐malignant diseases had antibodies capable of binding radioiodinated gp40. In contrast, sera of patients with BL or NPC had very low binding, while sera of patients with other malignant diseases had intermediate binding values. The low binding activity of BL/NPC sera was shown to be due to inhibition by excess gp40 present in such sera. Effusions of patients with breast or ovarian cancer also contained demonstrable amounts of gp40. The origin of gp40 is still unknown.
Shut‐down of virus synthesis during progression of erythroleukemia induced by friend virus in mice
Authors: Yoosook Chalobon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfection of (C57BL/6 × DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) mice with 2,500 FFU of Friend virus complex (FV) resulted in erythroleukemia followed by recovery, at which time virus could not be detected in the spleens of mice, and with splenomegaly (progressor mice) or without splenomegaly (regressor mice). Progressor and regressor mice developed equally high amounts of FV‐neutralizing activity in their sera. Progressor mice contained cells capable of producing virus, despite the lack of viral envelope antigen(s) in their spleens. The tropism of FV recoverable from the spleens of secondary recipients, injected with spleen cells from progressor mice, did not show any change, although the viral genome was present in Fv‐I‐restrictive host for at least 7 weeks. When the number of spleen colony‐generating cells was enumerated, by the spleen colony assay, the frequency in normal syngeneic and in allogeneic hosts was approximately the same at the early stage of erythroleukemia but was about 1,000 times higher in the syngeneic recipients during leukemia progression. These spleen colony‐generating cells were considered to be FV‐transformed cells capable of self‐renewal and capable of generating infectious centers (IC), respectively. Most of these transformed cells might be non‐producer leukemia cells.
CLONAL NATURE OF SPONTANEOUS AKR LEUKEMIA: STUDIES UTILIZING THE X‐LINKED ENZYME PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE
Authors: Collins Steven J. , Fialkow Philip J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAKR mice heterozygous at the X‐linked phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) locus were used in experiments to determine the number of cells from which spontaneous thymic leukemias (thymomas) develop. Because only one of the two X‐chromosomes is active in XX somatic cells, thymic leukemias that are clonal should display either type A or type B PGK, but not both, while those that are multicellular in origin may exhibit both enzymes. Spontaneous thymomas from 19 PGK heterozygous animals expressed exclusively (I I tumors) or predominantly (8 tumors) a single enzyme in contrast to non‐malignant tissue from these animals which expressed both enzyme types in approximately equal ratios. When primary tumors expressing a single or predominant enzyme type were transplanted, the transplanted tumors invariably displayed the PGK phenotype that predominated in the initial tumor indicating that the minor PGK component was not contributed by malignant cells. These results indicate that spontaneous AKR leukemias are clonal.
Detection of tumor antigens by syngeneic antiserum on in vitro, transformed tracheal epithelial cell line 2‐10‐1
Authors: Braslawsky G. R. , Kennel S. J. , Steele V. , Nettesheim P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera obtained from rats showing transplantation immunity to syngeneic, malignant epithelial cell line, 2‐10‐1, were used to identify antigens associated with transformation in vitro. The 2‐10‐1 cell line was derived from exposure of tracheal explants, in vitro, to the carcinogen MNNG. Tumorigenic passages of the cell line were shown to have common antigenic determinants, shared by independently transformed malignant tracheal epithelial cell lines, as well as antigenic determinants that appear to be limited to the immunizing cell line, 2‐10‐1. Care was taken to ensure that antibodies were not produced against viral antigens or non‐specifically absorbed serum components. Early passages of the 2‐10‐1 cell line were not tumorigenic in athymic BALB/c (nu/nu) mice, but became malignant with serial passage in vitro. Antigenic specificities recognized by 2‐10‐1 immune sera were also present on earlypassage 2‐10‐1 cells that had not as yet acquired the malignant phenotype. Such antigen expression must be an early event in neoplastic development.