bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Plasma Heating Processes in a Coronal Mass Ejection–driven Shock Sheath Region Observed with the Metis Coronagraph
Authors: Frassati Federica , Bemporad Alessandro , Mancuso Salvatore , Giordano Silvio , Andretta Vincenzo , Burtovoi Aleksandr , Da Deppo Vania , De Leo Yara , Fineschi Silvano , Grimani Catia , Guglielmino Salvo , Heinzel Petr , Jerse Giovanna , Landini Federico , Liberatore Alessandro , Naletto Giampiero , Nicolini Gianalfredo , Pancrazzi Maurizio , Romano Paolo , Romoli Marco , Russano Giuliana , Sasso Clementina , Spadaro Daniele , Stangalini Marco , Susino Roberto , Teriaca Luca , Uslenghi Michela , Zangrilli Luca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
On 2021 September 28, a C1.6 class flare occurred in active region NOAA 12871, located approximately at 27°S and 51°W on the solar disk with respect to Earth’s point of view. This event was followed by a partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) that caused the deflection of preexisting coronal streamer structures, as observed in visible-light coronagraphic images. An associated type II radio burst was also detected by both space- and ground-based instruments, indicating the presence of a coronal shock propagating into interplanetary space. By using H i Lyα (121.6 nm) observations from the Metis coronagraph on board the Solar Orbiter mission, we demonstrate for the first time the capability of UV imaging to provide, via a Doppler dimming technique, an upper limit estimate of the evolution of the 2D proton kinetic temperature in the CME-driven shock sheath as it passes through the field of view of the instrument. Our results suggest that over the 22 minutes of observations, the shock propagated with a speed decreasing from about 740 ± 110 km s−1 to 400 ± 60 km s−1. At the same time, the postshock proton temperatures peaked at latitudes around the shock nose and decreased with time from about 6.8 ± 1.01 MK to 3.1 ± 0.47 MK. The application of the Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions demonstrates that these temperatures are higher by a factor of about 2–5 than those expected from simple adiabatic compression, implying that significant shock heating is still going on at these distances.
Intermittency and Dissipative Structures Arising from Relativistic Magnetized Turbulence
Authors: Davis Zachary , Comisso Luca , Giannios Dimitrios 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Kinetic simulations of relativistic turbulence have significantly advanced our understanding of turbulent particle acceleration. Recent progress has highlighted the need for an updated acceleration theory that can account for particle acceleration within the plasma’s coherent structures. Here, we investigate how intermittency modeling connects statistical fluctuations in turbulence to regions of high-energy dissipation. This connection is established by employing a generalized She–Leveque model to characterize the exponents ζ

p
for the structure functions

S

p

∝

l

ζ

p

. The fitting of the scaling exponents provides us with a measure of the codimension of the dissipative structures, for which we subsequently determine the filling fraction. We perform our analysis for a range of magnetizations σ and relative fluctuation amplitudes δ
B
0/B
0. We find that increasing values of σ and δ
B
0/B
0 allow the turbulent cascade to break sheetlike structures into smaller regions of dissipation that resemble chains of flux ropes. However, as their dissipation measure increases, the dissipative regions become less volume filling. With this work, we aim to inform future turbulent acceleration theories that incorporate particle energization from interactions with coherent structures within relativistic turbulence.
Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 promotes tumorigenicity and stemness of colorectal cancer by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ZEB1
Authors: Lin Jun-Jun , Lu Ye-Cai 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one very usual tumor together with higher death rate. Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 (USP21) has been confirmed to take part into the regulation of CRC progression through serving as a facilitator. Interestingly, the promotive function of USP21 has also discovered in the progression of CRC. ZEB1 has illustrated to be modulated by USP7, USP22 and USP51 in cancers. However, the regulatory functions of USP21 on ZEB1 in CRC progression need more investigations.
AIM
To investigate the relationship between USP21 and ZEB1 in CRC progression.
METHODS
The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed through RT-qPCR, western blot and IHC assay. The interaction between USP21 and ZEB1 was evaluated through Co-IP and GST pull down assays. The cell proliferation was detected through colony formation assay. The cell migration and invasion abilities were determined through Transwell assay. The stemness was tested through sphere formation assay. The tumor growth was evaluated through in vivo mice assay.
RESULTS
In this work, USP21 and ZEB1 exhibited higher expression in CRC, and resulted into poor prognosis. Moreover, the interaction between USP21 and ZEB1 was further investigated. It was demonstrated that USP21 contributed to the stability of ZEB1 through modulating ubiquitination level. In addition, USP21 strengthened cell proliferation, migration and stemness through regulating ZEB1. At last, through in vivo assays, it was illustrated that USP21/ZEB1 axis aggravated tumor growth.
CONCLUSION
For the first time, these above findings manifested that USP21 promoted tumorigenicity and stemness of CRC by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ZEB1. This discovery suggested that USP21/ZEB1 axis may provide novel sights for the treatment of CRC.
Clinical profile and outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma in primary Budd-Chiari syndrome
Authors: Agarwal Ankit , Biswas Sagnik , Swaroop Shekhar , Aggarwal Arnav , Agarwal Ayush , Jain Gautam , Elhence Anshuman , Vaidya Arun , Gupte Amit , Mohanka Ravi , Kumar Ramesh , Mishra Ashwani Kumar , Gamanagatti Shivanand , Paul Shashi Bala , Acharya Subrat Kumar , Shukla Akash , Shalimar Shalimar 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
There is scant literature on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).
AIM
To assess the magnitude, clinical characteristics, feasibility, and outcomes of treatment in BCS-HCC.
METHODS
A total of 904 BCS patients from New Delhi, India and 1140 from Mumbai, India were included. The prevalence and incidence of HCC were determined, and among patients with BCS-HCC, the viability and outcomes of interventional therapy were evaluated.
RESULTS
In the New Delhi cohort of 35 BCS-HCC patients, 18 had HCC at index presentation (prevalence 1.99%), and 17 developed HCC over a follow-up of 4601 person-years, [incidence 0.36 (0.22-0.57) per 100 person-years]. BCS-HCC patients were older when compared to patients with BCS alone (P = 0.001) and had a higher proportion of inferior vena cava block, cirrhosis, and long-segment vascular obstruction. The median alpha-fetoprotein level was higher in patients with BCS-HCC at first presentation than those who developed HCC at follow-up (13029 ng/mL vs 500 ng/mL, P = 0.01). Of the 35 BCS-HCC, 26 (74.3%) underwent radiological interventions for BCS, and 22 (62.8%) patients underwent treatment for HCC [transarterial chemoembolization in 18 (81.8%), oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor in 3 (13.6%), and transarterial radioembolization in 1 (4.5%)]. The median survival among patients who underwent interventions for HCC compared with those who did not was 3.5 years vs 3.1 mo (P = 0.0001). In contrast to the New Delhi cohort, the Mumbai cohort of BCS-HCC patients were predominantly males, presented with a more advanced HCC [Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer C and D], and 2 patients underwent liver transplantation.
CONCLUSION
HCC is not uncommon in patients with BCS. Radiological interventions and liver transplantation are feasible in select primary BCS-HCC patients and may improve outcomes.
Combining systemic inflammatory response index and albumin fibrinogen ratio to predict early serious complications and prognosis after resectable gastric cancer
Authors: Ren Jing-Yao , Wang Da , Zhu Li-Hui , Liu Shuo , Yu Miao , Cai Hui 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer has a high incidence and fatality rate, and surgery is the preferred course of treatment. Nonetheless, patient survival rates are still low, and the incidence of major postoperative complications cannot be disregarded. The systemic inflammatory response, nutritional level, and coagulation status are key factors affecting the postoperative recovery and prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and the albumin fibrinogen ratio (AFR) are two valuable comprehensive indicators of the severity and prognosis of systemic inflammation in various medical conditions.
AIM
To assess the clinical importance and prognostic significance of the SIRI scores and the AFR on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant laboratory indices of 568 gastric cancer patients from January 2018 to December 2019. We calculated and compared two indicators of inflammation and then examined the diagnostic ability of combined SIRI and AFR values for serious early postoperative complications. We scored the patients and categorized them into three groups based on their SIRI and AFR levels. COX analysis was used to compare the three groups of patients the prognostic value of various preoperative SIRI-AFR scores for 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
RESULTS
SIRI-AFR scores were an independent risk factor for prognosis [OS: P = 0.004; hazards ratio (HR) = 3.134; DFS: P < 0.001; HR = 3.543] and had the highest diagnostic power (area under the curve: 0.779; 95% confidence interval: 0.737-0.820) for early serious complications in patients with gastric cancer. The tumor-node-metastasis stage (P = 0.001), perioperative transfusion (P = 0.044), positive carcinoembryonic antigen (P = 0.014) findings, and major postoperative complications (P = 0.011) were factors associated with prognosis.
CONCLUSION
Preoperative SIRI and AFR values were significantly associated with early postoperative survival and the occurrence of severe complications in gastric cancer patients.
Study on sex differences and potential clinical value of three-dimensional computerized tomography pelvimetry in rectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Cong , Ke Fei-Yue , Dhamija Gaurav , Chen Hao , Wang Qiang 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery is a complex procedure affected by various factors. However, the existing literature lacks standardized parameters for the pelvic region and soft tissues, which hampers the establishment of consistent conclusions.
AIM
To comprehensively assess 16 pelvic and 7 soft tissue parameters through computerized tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, providing a strong theoretical basis to address challenges in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.
METHODS
We analyzed data from 218 patients who underwent radical laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer, and utilized CT data for 3D pelvic reconstruction. Specific anatomical points were carefully marked and measured using advanced 3D modeling software. To analyze the pelvic and soft tissue parameters, we employed statistical methods including paired sample t -tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and correlation analysis.
RESULTS
The investigation highlighted significant sex disparities in 14 pelvic bone parameters and 3 soft tissue parameters. Males demonstrated larger measurements in pelvic depth and overall curvature, smaller measurements in pelvic width, a larger mesorectal fat area, and a larger anterior-posterior abdominal diameter. By contrast, females exhibited wider pelvises, shallower depth, smaller overall curvature, and an increased amount of subcutaneous fat tissue. However, there were no significant sex differences observed in certain parameters such as sacral curvature height, superior pubococcygeal diameter, rectal area, visceral fat area, waist circumference, and transverse abdominal diameter.
CONCLUSION
The reconstruction of 3D CT data enabled accurate pelvic measurements, revealing significant sex differences in both pelvic and soft tissue parameters. This study design offer potential in predicting surgical difficulties and creating personalized surgical plans for male rectal cancer patients with a potentially “difficult pelvis”, ultimately improving surgical outcomes. Further research and utilization of these parameters could lead to enhanced surgical methods and patient care in laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery.
T2-weighted imaging-based radiomic-clinical machine learning model for predicting the differentiation of colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Hui-Da , Huang Qiao-Yi , Huang Qi-Ming , Ke Xiao-Ting , Ye Kai , Lin Shu , Xu Jian-Hua 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
The study on predicting the differentiation grade of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has not been reported yet. Developing a non-invasive model to predict the differentiation grade of CRC is of great value.
AIM
To develop and validate machine learning-based models for predicting the differentiation grade of CRC based on T2-weighted images (T2WI).
METHODS
We retrospectively collected the preoperative imaging and clinical data of 315 patients with CRC who underwent surgery from March 2018 to July 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 220) or a validation cohort (n = 95) at a 7:3 ratio. Lesions were delineated layer by layer on high-resolution T2WI. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was applied to screen for radiomic features. Radiomics and clinical models were constructed using the multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm. These radiomic features and clinically relevant variables (selected based on a significance level of P < 0.05 in the training set) were used to construct radiomics-clinical models. The performance of the three models (clinical, radiomic, and radiomic-clinical model) were evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).
RESULTS
After feature selection, eight radiomic features were retained from the initial 1781 features to construct the radiomic model. Eight different classifiers, including logistic regression, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbours, random forest, extreme trees, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine, and MLP, were used to construct the model, with MLP demonstrating the best diagnostic performance. The AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was 0.862 (95%CI: 0.796-0.927) in the training cohort and 0.761 (95%CI: 0.635-0.887) in the validation cohort. The AUC for the radiomic model was 0.796 (95%CI: 0.723-0.869) in the training cohort and 0.735 (95%CI: 0.604-0.866) in the validation cohort. The clinical model achieved an AUC of 0.751 (95%CI: 0.661-0.842) in the training cohort and 0.676 (95%CI: 0.525-0.827) in the validation cohort. All three models demonstrated good accuracy. In the training cohort, the AUC of the radiomic-clinical model was significantly greater than that of the clinical model (P = 0.005) and the radiomic model (P = 0.016). DCA confirmed the clinical practicality of incorporating radiomic features into the diagnostic process.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we successfully developed and validated a T2WI-based machine learning model as an auxiliary tool for the preoperative differentiation between well/moderately and poorly differentiated CRC. This novel approach may assist clinicians in personalizing treatment strategies for patients and improving treatment efficacy.
Identification of breath volatile organic compounds to distinguish pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cystic neoplasm, and patients without pancreatic lesions
Authors: Tiankanon Kasenee , Pungpipattrakul Nuttanit , Sukaram Thanikan , Chaiteerakij Roongruedee , Rerknimitr Rungsun 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a promising potential biomarker that may be able to identify the presence of cancers.
AIM
To identify exhaled breath VOCs that distinguish pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and healthy volunteers.
METHODS
We collected exhaled breath from histologically proven PDAC patients, radiological diagnosis IPMN, and healthy volunteers using the ReCIVA® device between 10/2021-11/2022. VOCs were identified by thermal desorption-gas chromatography/field-asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry and compared between groups.
RESULTS
A total of 156 participants (44% male, mean age 62.6 ± 10.6) were enrolled (54 PDAC, 42 IPMN, and 60 controls). Among the nine VOCs identified, two VOCs that showed differences between groups were dimethyl sulfide [0.73 vs 0.74 vs 0.94 arbitrary units (AU), respectively; P = 0.008] and acetone dimers (3.95 vs 4.49 vs 5.19 AU, respectively; P < 0.001). After adjusting for the imbalance parameters, PDAC showed higher dimethyl sulfide levels than the control and IPMN groups, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 6.98 (95%CI: 1.15-42.17) and 4.56 (1.03-20.20), respectively (P < 0.05 both). Acetone dimer levels were also higher in PDAC compared to controls and IPMN (aOR: 5.12 (1.80-14.57) and aOR: 3.35 (1.47-7.63), respectively (P < 0.05 both). Acetone dimer, but not dimethyl sulfide, performed better than CA19-9 in PDAC diagnosis (AUROC 0.910 vs 0.796). The AUROC of acetone dimer increased to 0.936 when combined with CA19-9, which was better than CA19-9 alone (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Dimethyl sulfide and acetone dimer are VOCs that potentially distinguish PDAC from IPMN and healthy participants. Additional prospective studies are required to validate these findings.
ANALISIS KALIMAT BERMASALAH DALAM KARYA ILMIAH MAHASISWA PGSD INSTITUT PANGERAN DHARMA KUSUMA INDRAMAYU
Authors: Farihiyah Farihiyah 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul Analisis Kalimat Bermasalah dalam Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa PGSD Institut Pangeran Dharma Kusuma Indramayu bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kalimat tidak efektif dalam karya ilmiah mahasiswa tersebut. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan konstribusi dalam memberikan pemahaman lebih mendalam terkait penggunaan kalimat efektif serta memberikan penjelasan terhadap pembaca dalam penggunaan kalimat efektif untuk penyusunan karya ilmiah mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan sumber data teks karya ilmiah mahasiswa PGSD Instititut Pangeran Dharma Kusuma Indramayu. Teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu teknik baca catat yaitu metode yang digunakan dengan cara membaca teks karya ilmiah mahsiswa PGSD Institut Pangeran Dharma Kusuma Indramayu. Adapun Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan peneliti dengan cara menentukan teks yang dipakai sebagai objek yaitu karya ilmiah mahsiswa PGSD Institut Pangeran Dharma Kusuma Indramayu. Kemudian, menganalisis kalimat yang terdapat dalam teks yang meliputi analisis tanda baca, kata, frase, dan kalimat tidak efektif. Dari hasil data yang dikaji terdapat beberapa temuan yaitu: 1) Ketidaksepadanan dan Ketidakhematan; 2) Kesalahan Pengetikan Bahasa Asing dan Ketidaktepatan Penggunaan Tanda Hubung (-) dan Koma (,); 3) Ketidaktepatan Penggunaan Kata Penghubung Antar Paragraf; 5) Ketidaktepatan Kedudukan Kata Keterangan (K), Penulisan Huruf Kapital dan Penulisan Angka/Lambang Bilangan; 4) Tidak Adanya Tanda Baca setelah Konjungsi Subordinatif dan Adanya Kesinoniman; 8) Ketidaksepadanan; 9) Ketidaktepatan Penulisan Huruf di Setiap Awal Kata Sub Judul; 12) Penggunaan Kata “dalam” di Awal Kalimat yang Menggugurkan Unsur Subjek; 14) Ketidaktepatan Penggunaan Kata “untuk” di Awal Kalimat; dan 15) Kesalahan Penulisan Huruf pada Kata Setelah Mendapat Imbuhan “MeN”.
EFL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF ROLE PLAY IN SPEAKING CLASS
Authors: Widiarti Yenni , Astuti Irma Windy 
Published: March 2024

This research aims to describe two English teachers’ perceptionsregarding their experience in using role play to facilitate the students’ speaking practice at different English courses in Yogyakarta. The research participants are two teachers teaching speaking skills and have used role-play as one of the tasks in their classes. The researchers employed a descriptive qualitative design and thematic analysis to collect and examine the data obtained from interviews. The findings show that the use of role-play was: driven by the classes’ learning objectives, necessarily taking real life-like situation set up, having generally a significant impact on the students’ speaking fluency whilst boosting their confidence and on occasion, gaining various response from the students.
STUDENTS’ INTERACTION IN COMPUTER MEDIATED LEARNING: ANALYSIS OF PRACTICAL INQUIRY MODEL
Authors: Lasito  , Husam  , Handayani Magpika 
Published: March 2024

Students’ collaboration is essential for the construction of effective,deep, and reflective learning. In the context of computer-mediated learning, students’ collaboration was facilitated by discussion forum. While discussion forum is used among distanced learners, there is still lack of knowledge on what really happens when students participate in the discussion forum. This study shed lights on students’ engagement in three discussion forums of two language skill courses (Speaking 1 and Writing 1) conducted asynchronously. The engagement was measured from (i) students’ posts or comments to see how much students’ participation in the forum, (ii) engagement patterns they formed, and (iii) how such collaboration reflected the phases of practical inquiry in online-mediated learning. Results showed that during online asynchronous seminars, students’ participation was minimal, and teachers’ posts were prevalent, with posts confirming students’ answers. This type of interaction, in turns, resulting in a one-way serial monologue – students did not response to each other posts. Analysis on practical inquiry model also confirmed the findings that students’ engagements were in the level of triggering event by which students only responded to the teacher’s thread and did not respond to each other posts. Students’ exchange of information was not negotiated, thus not allowing students to move forwards to integration and resolution phases. The findings were linked with the tasks set out by the teachers in both courses.
THE IMPACT OF NON-FORMAL ENGLISH COURSE ININCREASE THE GRAMMATICAL SKILLS OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sukmojati Edi , Assapari M. Mugni , Haris Pauzan 
Published: March 2024

Non-formal English course institutions can establish a learning environment that emphasizes not only students' affective side, but also their cognitive and psychomotor components. Therefore, this study was aimed to find out The Impact of Non-Formal English Course on The Grammatical Skills. This research uses a qualitative approach, such as a descriptive case study with observation and interviews. In addition, the data analysis used is data reduction, data display, and conclusions drawing. The findings reveal that non-formal English courses have a very good influence on students' foreign language skills. Besides having an impact on their formal school grades, these non-formal courses are also very useful in students' daily lives. In addition, students also really like the teaching methods in non-formal courses that are simple and easy to understand. Therefore, we need to know that the material obtained from informal schools is not enough to develop students' skills. Students need more intensive teaching and additional material to get satisfactory results, such as attending non-formal courses and so on.