bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation-based structured training for developing laparoscopy skills in general surgery and obstetrics & gynecology postgraduates
Authors: Charokar Kailash , Modi Jyoti Nath 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Simulation-based training is an important strategy for skill development in a competency-based curriculum, especially so for laparoscopic surgery given its unique learning curve, need for practice, and patient safety concerns. The study was conducted for postgraduates in two surgical disciplines in a medical college tertiary care center. The study evaluates the acceptability and utility of structured simulation-based training for laparoscopic skills. Simulations provide deliberate practice in the leaner supportive environment.

MATERIALSAND METHODS:
The educational intervention was carried out among the 16 postgraduates from year 2 and year 3 of general surgery and obstetrics and gynecology. A structured training and assessment module was designed and validated, and a 12-week structured training on laparoscopic box trainers was given to postgraduates under faculty guidance. Feedback from postgraduates and faculty was obtained using separate validated questionnaires. The pre- and post-training assessment scores were compared applying the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank (2-tailed) test using the SPSS Windows Version 20.0 (IBM Corporation).

RESULTS:
Sixteen postgraduates participated in the study. The median satisfaction score of the postgraduates was 4 (range 3–5), a scale of a maximum of 5. The group identified faculty feedback, stepwise skills learning, supportive learning environment, and trainers’ motivation as enabling factors in the training. The faculty observed that the trainees were effectively engaged. The group mean improvement scores in percentage were 40.08 for task 1, 42.08 for task 2, 43.13 for task 3, and 45.63 for task 4.

CONCLUSIONS:
It is feasible to incorporate faculty-guided sessions of simulation training in basic laparoscopy skills for postgraduates in our setup. It is well accepted by the key stakeholders, and we recommend it to be incorporated in the formal training program.
Adaptive coping strategies used by people during coronavirus
Authors: Javed Sarah , Parveen Heena 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus (COVID-19) a worldwide pandemic has significantly affected life of people around the globe. It has also caused various psychological issues among public such as uncertainty, fear, anxiety, and of course stress. Globalization has facilitated it and has added greater complexity to the containment of infection leading to urgent call for public health challenge. Consequently, a multilevel stress coping adjustment process is going on. Hence, it is imperative to explore how people are affected psychologically and how they are coping with it. People are adopting different strategies for coping up from this challenging situation. In this sense, the present study intended to: explore which coping strategies were of relevance for people for adjusting in COVID-19 crises and were sociodemographic factors influencing the coping strategies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The research is descriptive study. For the present study, a sample of 475 participants was asked for coping strategies used by them using valid and reliable scales.

RESULTS:
Results revealed that positive attitude and trust in God were the most used adaptive coping strategies and sociodemographic variables were playing a significant role in adaptive coping strategies.

CONCLUSION:
Hence, understanding and identification of coping strategies and their relationship with demographic variables can help health professionals to direct interventions to control stressors related to the pandemics.
The trend of critical thinking disposition in medical students and its relationship with their academic performance
Authors: Shakurnia Abdolhussein , Fazelinia Tayebe , Khajeali Nasrin 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Critical thinking is one of the important skills required for medical students. It is considered as a main component in medical education and training competent physicians. The current study aimed to investigate the trend of critical thinking disposition of medical students and its association with their academic performance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 315 medical students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences. A two-section questionnaire was used for data collection. The first section dealt with demographic characteristics and the second section included Ricketts critical thinking disposition inventory using t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

RESULTS:
Mean and standard deviation of critical thinking disposition of medical students was 121.85 ± 11.32. No significant difference was observed between the mean score of critical thinking disposition and years of study (P = 0.74, F = 0.590). Pearson correlation test also showed no significant association between critical thinking disposition and the students’ grade point average (P = 0.89, r = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of the current study showed that medical students’ level of critical thinking disposition is above average, and there is no significant correlation between critical thinking disposition and years of study and academic performance of the students. It seems that the educational process in medical school has not been effective in improving the level of students’ critical thinking disposition.
The chunampet community health information management system
Authors: Newtonraj Ariarathinam , Purty Anil Jacob , Vincent Antony , Manikandan Mani , Bazroy Joy , Konduru Rajesh Kumar , Natesan Murugan 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Developed countries have strong health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS), whereas there is a dearth of such system in developing countries like India. India depends on national surveys and individual studies for public health information. At present All India Institute of Medical Sciences – New Delhi HDSS and Vadu HDSS are well established HDSS in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We developed a HDSS in a remote rural area of South India and named as Community Health Information Management System (CHIMS) This covered 20 villages around Rural Health Training Centre – Chunampet. We collected the family and demographic information from March 2018 to October 2018. Pregnancy, birth, under-five and mortality data were collected once in every 3 months with the help of interns, Medical Social Workers. Data collection done using CHIMS Guide and entered in EpiData software. EpiAnalysis, Quantum Geographic Information System, Dropbox were the other freely available software used in this program.

RESULTS:
CHIMS HDSS covered 14924 individuals belonging to 4486 households in the surrounding twenty villages. Population density was 213/km2. CHIMS consumed very limited resources in terms of workforce, materials, and transport. CHIMS database was used as a baseline database for many other studies. This CHIMS HDSS helped in many publications, postgraduate thesis dissertations and mainly attracted many extramural research funds from leading government Research Institutes from India.

CONCLUSION:
CHIMS proved to be a robust surveillance system in providing vital public health information about the community and attracted more extramural funds to the institute.
Designing, implementation, and evaluation of internship comprehensive system for assessment and monitoring
Authors: Moeinzadeh Firouzeh , Ayati Sayed Hamid Reza , Iraj Bijan , Mortazavi Mojgan , Vafamehr Vajiheh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
During the past decade, the benefits of using portfolios, especially electronic portfolios, were recognized. Due to the lack of using portfolios and especially electronic portfolio in the clinical evaluations of internship training in medical schools of Iran, this study has designed, implemented, and evaluated a comprehensive system for monitoring and evaluating the activities of interns.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a software development study in the three phases of design, implementation, and evaluation. All stages of the project were carried out in the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during 2019–2020. The software design phase was performed using the Rapid Application Development Methodology (RAD model). In the implementation phase, it was used as a pilot study in the internal department of the medical school. System evaluation was performed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were analyzed using the content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistical analysis using the SPSS software for quantitative data.

RESULTS:
In the educational standards survey, in 10 items, the percentage of choosing “perfectly fit” and “fit” was above 90% (high quality). In the technical standards questionnaire, out of 35 items related to software technical quality, eight items were of acceptable quality and 27 of them were partially acceptable. In the Student Satisfaction Questionnaire, in 9 items, interns’ satisfaction with the system was high or very high, and in either case, there was little or no dissatisfaction or satisfaction.

CONCLUSIONS:
Positive educational effects can be used in all clinical settings if modification and improvement of the software continues, with slight modifications.
The role of virtual social networks in shaping people's attitudes toward COVID-19 in Iran
Authors: Jahanbakhsh Maryam , Bagherian Hossein , Tavakoli Nahid , Ehteshami Asghar , Sattari Mohammad , Isfahani Sakineh Saghaeian Nejad , Jangi Majid 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The widespread occurrence of COVID-19 has caused people to seek information from various sources such as virtual social networks, which can positively or negatively affect one's mental status. In this article, we present the role of virtual social networks in shaping people's attitudes toward COVID-19 in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is an applied descriptive study, in which 1010 users of virtual social networks were surveyed through an electronic questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS, Excel, and Rapid Miner software. The FP-growth technique was used to investigate the concurrence of choices in multiple-choice questions, and the Mann–Whitney and the Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to determine the correlation of the mean of each dimension with demographic data. Moreover, the Wilcoxon signed-rank, the Shapiro–Wilk, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests were used.

RESULTS:
Virtual social networks use increased significantly (40%) after the COVID-19 outbreak. According to users, the greatest psychological impact of virtual social networks was the induction of anxiety (46.43%) and the most common use was to learn about COVID-19 prevention and treatment (69.3%). Based on the findings, there were no significant differences between the “awareness,” “behavior intention,” and “attitude and trust” and the users’ marital status, age group, educational degree, and gender.

CONCLUSION:
Although social networks have enriched the public knowledge, they increased the individuals’ anxiety mostly because of controversial news and disperse of misinformation which in turn misled the users. The social networks play an important role in directing the behavioral inclinations. Accordingly, it is recommended that the authorities in healthcare system establish authentic and formal webpage in these social networks to manage controversial and voluminous information.
Maternal predictive factors for preterm birth
Authors: Alavi Azin , Razmjoue Parisa , Safari-Moradabadi Ali , Dadipoor Sakineh , Shahsavari Saeideh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the most important factors that increase the risk of chronic diseases and postpartum death in infants. The aim of this study was to determine the maternal factors that affect the birth of preterm infants in the city of Bandar Abbas.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a case–control study that was performed on 400 preterm infants. Sampling was done by a simple method, and information was gathered by interviewing the mothers and their medical records. Data were collected by SPSS software version 16. To compare risk factors in the two groups, conditional logistic regression was used, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
Results showed that factors such as type of delivery (odds ratio [OR] = 3.584, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.981–6.485), preeclampsia (OR = 2.688, 95% CI: 1.164–6.207), history of PTB (OR = 4.171, 95% CI: 1.483–11.728), premature rupture of membranes (OR = 3.273, 95% CI: 1.745–6.137), care during prenatal (OR = 0.334, 95% CI: 0.159–0.701), placental abruption (OR = 3.209, 95% CI: 1.209–8.519), placenta previa (OR = 9.333, 95% CI: 2.086–41.770), and cervical insufficiency (OR = 11, 95% CI: 1.381–87.641) were independent risk factors of preterm infant birth.

CONCLUSIONS:
The PTB risk is higher for women with cervical insufficiency, history of placenta previa, and history of preterm. Early recognition and management of these high-risk conditions among pregnant women may lead to a reduction in PTB rates.
Development, validation, and feasibility of a school-based short duration integrated classroom yoga module
Authors: Sinha Atul , Kumari Sony , Ganguly Mollika 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The practice of yoga is proven to have physical, cognitive and emotional benefits for school children. Despite this many schools do not include yoga in their daily schedule. The reasons cited are lack of time and resources. To overcome these problems the present study aimed to develop and validate a short duration Integrated classroom yoga module. The design guidelines were that it should be possible to practice in the classroom environment and that it could be led by the class teacher. In this way the module would overcome the problem of both time and resource.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study had two main phases. In the first phase, selected ICYM practices based on the literature review were validated by 21 subject matter experts using Lawhse's content validity ratio (CVR) formula. In the second phase, a pilot study using a paired sample prepost measurement design was carried out on 49 high school children. The study was conducted in June 2019. The intervention period was 1 month, and the test variables were physical fitness, cognitive performance, self-esteem, emotional well-being, and personality characteristic. Paired sample t-test was the analysis tool and the software used was the Statistical Package for the Social Science version 26.

RESULTS:
In the Lawshe's CVR analysis, 17 out of the 24 practices tested were rated by experts as essential as was the overall module (CVR score ≥0.429). In the pilot study, there were significant differences in the postmean scores compared to premean scores, for all the 4 EUROFIT physical fitness testing battery tests (P < 0.02), all the three scores of the Stroop color-word naming task (P < 0.001) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (P < 0.008).

CONCLUSION:
ICYM was validated and found feasible by the present study. It was found to have a statistically significant impact on physical fitness, cognitive performance, and self-esteem variables. However, a randomized control trial with a longer intervention period is needed to strengthen the present study.
The effectiveness of sexual health group counseling based on cognitive behavioral therapy on sexual satisfaction of newly married women
Authors: Bokaie Mahshid , Behzadpour Fariba , Farajkhoda Tahmineh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The beginning of a marital relationship is very important as a part of a family relationship, and it satisfies many mental and physical necessities in a safe environment and has a great impact on people's health. The aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of sexual health counseling based on cognitive behavioral approach on satisfaction and excitability of newly married women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 50 newly married women who referred to the health center of Jiroft City. They randomly divided into the intervention and the control groups. All of the participants completed Linda Berg's Sexual Satisfaction Scale before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention and 4 weeks later (follow-up). The interventional group participated in CBT (8 sessions, 90 min), but the control group received routine counseling. In all tests, a significance level of 0.05 was considered. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Descriptive test, t-test, and repeated measure test used to analyze data.

RESULTS:
In intervention group, sexual satisfaction was obtained 51.88 ± 12.27, 57.2 ± 12.88 and 62.76 ± 11.35 (P < 0.05) and in the control group was gotten 47.12 ± 9.6, 45.8 ± 8.07 and 43.48 ± 7.39 (P > 0.05) before intervention, 8 weeks after intervention and 4 weeks later (follow-up), respectively. In intervention group, sexual excitability was obtained 82.80 ± 17.24, 91.72 ± 13.07, and 99.28 ± 11.2 (P < 0.05) and in the control group was gotten 87.04 ± 12.99, 87.48 ± 11.64, and 81.96 ± 12.83 (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral counseling can help to improve the sexual satisfaction and excitability of the newly married and can be used to improve and promote women's sexual health.
The eleventh scientific Olympiad of Iranian medical students
Authors: Hajinezhad Mohammad Esmaiel , Yousefi Alireza , Jowkar Fariba 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The scientific Olympiad is an event that creates a competitive environment for student groups of medical universities across the country to solve problems that can help improve the health system. This study aims to explain the issues of the scientific Olympiad program of Iranian medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was conducted using content analysis method, and the data were collected through 21 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with experts from December 2018 to April 2020. Participants were selected using purposive sampling methods. Twenty-one students, domain leaders, question designers, Olympiad executive experts, and teachers (11 males and 10 females) participated in the interviews. Data analysis was performed based on the steps of Graneheim and Lundman's method. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and subjected to a qualitative analysis by MAXQDA 2018 software.

RESULTS:
From the analysis of data, four themes, including inattention to context, inattention to input, inattention to process, and inattention to output, emerged.

CONCLUSIONS:
The scientific Olympiad can lead to interuniversity scientific exchanges and paves the way for the promotion of education and evaluation of learners in medical universities, but if not correctly implemented and the problems of previous periods are not solved, it will not help the health system and can impose considerable costs on the system.
Effectiveness of self-care program on the quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Rad Mohammad Goudarzi , Ghanbari-Afra Leila , Hoseini Mahsa Haji Mohammad , Afra Monireh Ghanbari , Asayesh Hamid 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a life-threatening condition that causes physical and psychological disorders and decreases patients’ quality of life (QoL). Performing proper educational self-care program may lead to higher QoL in these patients. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of a self-care educational program on QoL in patients with CAD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This semi-experimental study was performed on 60 patients with CAD referred to the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) center of Vali Asr hospital in Qom, Iran, in 2018–2019. Patients were divided into control and intervention groups by randomized sampling. The self-care educational program was provided through lectures and booklet. Data collection was done using the “demographic and clinical data questionnaire,” and “Seattle Angina questionnaire.” Questionnaires were completed in both groups, before and at least 1 month after education. Analysis of the obtained data was performed using SPSS software (version 25), central indexes, Mann–Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test.

RESULTS:
No significant differences were observed between the two groups for demographics characteristics and quality of life before the intervention. Before the self-care program, the mean score of the QoL in the intervention and control group were 56.14 ± 9.75 and 58.46 ± 11.71, respectively. After that, the mean score of the QoL in the intervention and control group were 59.25 ± 10.56 and 59.7 ± 13.33, respectively. The statistical analysis showed significant differences in the mean scores of QoL in the intervention group before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were seen in the control group before and after the study (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
The self-care educational program improved the QoL in patients with CAD. Therefore, lectures and educational booklets should be considered by CR nurses.
Challenges for dental professionals during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Sonone Truppti P. , Shukla Alok Kumar , Singh Kumar Tathagat , Kishore Jay , Harsha M. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
With the emerging knowledge and understanding of novel coronavirus infection, dentists must be capable of resuming their practice with necessary precautions in near future; hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices along with felt challenges by the dentists concerning practicing dentistry during pandemic in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An online cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted on the dental practitioners of Uttarakhand, India. The dentists were approached by obtaining their E-mail address from the heads of dental institutions or dental association branches in the state. The knowledge, attitude, and practices along with apparent challenges of practicing during pandemic were assessed using closed-ended questionnaire. The relationship between the mean scores and demographic variables was determined using Student's unpaired t-test by keeping the significance level below 0.05.

RESULTS:
Out of 759 respondents, a total of 458 respondents were male (60%), whereas 301 (40%) were female. The mean knowledge scores were higher in females (11.06 ± 2.12) compared to males (9.72 ± 4.53), which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean practice score was lower in males (17.49 ± 6.47) compared to females (19.26 ± 6.69) and likewise lower scores were seen in graduates compared to specialists and these differences were again statistically significant (P < 0.05). Majority of the study participants felt that following various safety guidelines were not feasible (96.97%) and too expensive (96.44%) and considered them as a challenge.

CONCLUSION:
It is imperative that dentists should be fully prepared before resuming their services and reach the right kind of awareness to limit the spread of the disease.