bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The intestinal bypass arthritis–dermatitis syndrome
Authors: Stein Howard B. , Schlappner Otto L. A. , Boyko William , Gourlay Robert H. , Reeve C. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf the 31 patients who developed polyarthritis following jejunoileal bypass for obesity, 24 had cutaneous vasculitis (urticarial, pustular, and nodular), 11 paresthesias, 10 Raynaud's phenomenon, and 1 pericarditis. Blind loop symptoms (14 of 26 patients), cryoglobulinemia (10 of 28), and immune deposits in biopsied skin lesions (5 of 7) support the theory of a relationship between bowel bacteria and immune complexes. Treating the blind loop with antibiotics and sphincteroplasty to prevent bacterial reflux into the blind loop helped 5 of 10 and 6 of 9 patients, respectively. A comparison is made to other bowel associated arthritides.
Rheumatoid arthritis in a chippewa band
Authors: Harvey Joan , Lotze Michael , Stevens Mary Betty , Jacobson Dennis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Mille Lacs Band of Chippewa Indians in central Minnesota was screened for rheumatoid arthritis, with a 77% completion rate of the reservation census. Rheumatoid arthritis was found in marked excess, namely 6.8% of those evaluated or, minimally, 5.3% of the total band if all persons had been evaluated with no additional cases identified. This relatively closed population thus provides an opportunity to assess genetic and environmental factors of significance in this disease.
Immunogenetic control of experimental type ii collagen‐induced arthritis
Authors: Griffiths Marie M. , Eichwald Ernst J. , Martin James H. , Smith Charles B. , Dewitt Charles W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven inbred rat strains were tested for susceptibility to experimental type II collagen‐induced arthritis and for development of cellular immunity to type II collagen by delayed hypersensitivity skin testing. WF (RT1u), LEW (RT1l), and DA (RT1a) were the most susceptible of the strains tested with respect to incidence ( > 95%) and severity of disease. LEW and DA were strongly skin test reactive to calf type II collagen. BUF (RT1b) developed moderate skin test responses to calf type II collagen and showed low susceptibility to collagen arthritis (1/8). MAXX (RT1n), LEW.B3 (RT1nv1), and AUG (RT1c) were not susceptible to collagen arthritis and showed negative to very weak skin test responses to type II collagen. Disease susceptibility was inherited as a dominant trait in the F1 progeny of (WF × LEW.B3) matings. These data suggest that clinical expression of experimental collagen‐induced arthritis and immune responsiveness to type II collagen are controlled in part by genes within or closely linked to the rat major histocompatibility complex—RT1.
Reiter's syndrome
Authors: Willkens Robert F. , Arnett Frank C. , Bitter Thomas , Calin Andrei , Fisher Lloyd , Ford Denys K. , Good Armin E. , Masi Alfonse T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective evaluation of 83 patients with Reiter's syndrome (RS) and 166 comparison arthritis patients was conducted in order to assess the preliminary criteria for definite RS. Data analysis was based on the statement that Reiter's syndrome consists of an episode of peripheral arthritis of more than 1 month duration occurring in association with urethritis and/or cervicitis. During the initial episode of RS, 70 of the 83 RS patients satisfied the criteria, yielding a sensitivity of 84.3%.
Lymphapheresis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Karsh Jacob , Klippel John H. , Plotz Paul H. , Decker John L. , Wright Daniel G. , Flye M. Wayne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe antirheumatic effects of lymphocyte depletion in rheumatoid arthritis were confirmed in a randomized, double‐blind trial. Six patients assigned to lymphapheresis demonstrated statistically significant decrements in counts of active joints, swollen joints, and a graded articular index compared to 6 patients similarly treated by a control procedure restricted to the removal of the volume of plasma incidentally lost during lymphapheresis. All patients treated by lymphapheresis developed lymphopenia, and in 4 the percentage of circulating T cells fell disproportionately by 26–58%. Serum IgM declined by 30% in lymphocyte depleted patients. Despite these changes in measures of cellular and humoral immunity, the mechanism of action of lymphapheresis remains obscure. The magnitude of change in synovitis did not correlate with the absolute numbers of mononuclear cells removed nor with the percent reduction in circulating lymphocytes, T cells, or IgM.
Bone loss in adults receiving alternate day glucocorticoid therapy
Authors: Gluck Oscar S. , Murphy William A. , Hahn Theodore J. , Hahn Bevra 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone mineral content was measured by photon absorption densitometry in 25 patients with rheumatic diseases receiving glucocorticoids on an alternate day treatment schedule, and in 25 age‐, sex‐, and race‐matched patients receiving daily steroid therapy. Mean values for cortical (diaphyseal) mass, trabecular (metaphyseal) mass, and the cortical/trabecular mass ratios were not different in the two groups. Steroid‐induced osteopenia, defined as an elevated ratio of cortical to trabecular mass, occurred in both therapeutic regimens (8 of 25 on alternate day; 11 of 25 on daily). Therefore, bone loss was demonstrable in individuals on alternate day regimens. Serum levels of calcium, ionized calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone were similar in the two groups.
Histone reactivity of drug‐induced antinuclear antibodies
Authors: Grossman Leonard , Barland Peter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnti‐histone antibodies were measured in a group of patients with drug‐induced lupus erythematosus and in asymptomatic patients with drug‐induced antinuclear antibodies (DANA). Anti‐histone antibodies were found in the majority of drug‐induced lupus patients. DANA patients had lower titers of ANA and no detectable anti‐histone activity. Longitudinal studies of the drug‐induced lupus patients showed a gradual fall in the ANA and anti‐histone titers. Our data suggest that the immune response in the drug‐induced lupus patients is similar to but more intense than that seen in the DANA patients. Possible factors altering the immune response in these 2 groups are discussed.
Variability of plasma hydralazine concentrations in male hypertensive patients
Authors: Ludden T. M. , Mcnay J. L. , Shepherd A. M. M. , Lin M. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe efficacy and toxicity of hydralazine differ widely among individual patients, possibly because of different sensitivities to drug effect or as a reflection of pharmacokinetic differences. Therefore, the variability in plasma hydralazine concentrations after single intravenous and single and multiple oral doses was studied in 9 male hypertensive patients. After an intravenous dose of 0.3 mg/kg the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) varied over less than a twofold range 17.5–29.4 μM‐minute. However, after a single oral dose, 1 mg/kg, and after at least the fifth dose of a regimen consisting of 1 mg/kg given every 12 hours, there were much wider variations in AUC values: 4.0–30.4 and 3.2–38.5 μM‐minute, respectively. Similar ranges in peak hydralazine concentration, Cp, were also noted, 0.12–1.31 μM after the single oral dose and 0.10–1.39 μM after the multiple dose regimen. A significant portion of the observed interpatient variability could be explained by differences in acetylation ability. The AUC and Cp values for both the single and multiple oral doses were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in rapid than in slow acetylators. Therefore, determining the acetylation ability of patients requiring hydralazine may help to optimize therapeutic benefit and minimize toxicity.
Therapeutic plasmapheresis in systemic lupus erythematosus. effect on immune complexes and antibodies to dna
Authors: Jones John Verrier , Robinson Michael F. , Parciany Rosanne K. , Layfer Lawrence F. , Mcleod Bruce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of plasmapheresis in 8 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was investigated. Drug treatment was maintained at a constant level for at least 4 weeks before plasmapheresis. Levels of immune complexes were measured by a Raji cell radioimmunoassay, and by a solid‐phase Clq‐binding assay. Antibodies to ds‐DNA and ss‐DNA were measured by the Farr assay. In all cases, immune complexes and antibodies were lowered by plasmapheresis. In 5 patients, plasmapheresis was followed by a rapid rebound of complexes and antibody to pretreatment levels. In 3 in whom plasmapheresis was followed by treatment with cyclophosphamide for 1 month, a sustained immunochemical and clinical improvement followed, lasting in 2 cases for up to 3 years.
Dna in synovial fluid and the circulation of patients with arthritis
Authors: Leon Shalom A. , Revach Moshe , Ehrlich George E. , Adler Rachel , Petersen Virginia , Shapiro Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDNA levels were measured in synovial fluids and sera of 106 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), gout, pseudogout, and post‐traumatic arthritis (TRA). In synovial fluids, the highest concentration was found in rheumatoid arthritis (mean ± SE 18 ± 3 μ/ml for seropositive and 9 ± 1 μ/ml for seronegative variants), gout and pseudogout (17 ± 3 μ/ml). In contrast, the levels in patients with OA or acute TRA were very low: 0.8 ± 0.1 μ/ml and 1.1 ± 0.2 μ/ml, respectively. The difference between the means of the first disease group and OA or TRA is statistically significant. A similar pattern was observed for DNA levels in the circulation: in rheumatoid arthritis, the mean concentration was 135 ± 28 ng/ml and 164 ± 39 ng/ml for seropositive and seronegative RA, respectively. Again the levels in OA and TRA were much lower, 52 ± 18 ng/ml and 0 ng/ml, respectively. The latter are not significantly different from the mean levels of 95 normal, healthy controls (14 ± 3 ng/ml), whereas the concentration of DNA in the serum of RA patients is significantly higher than in OA, TRA, or normal controls. Serial determinations of DNA and other criteria of disease activity (leukocytes and protein levels in synovial fluid, blood sedimentation rate) in individual patients revealed a strong correlation of elevated values with active episodes. The results suggest that these parameters reflect tissue damage.
Age influences the clinical and serologic expression of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Wilso H. Alexander , Hamilton Maurice E. , Spyker Daniel A. , Brunner Carolyn M. , O'Brien William M. , Davis Iv John S. , , Winfield John B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical and serologic characteristics of 17 patients with onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after age 50 were compared with those of 49 younger patients. All patients were followed prospectively for a mean duration of 47 months. A clinical and serologic data base was established for each patient, and information collected at each visit to a lupus clinic was analyzed by computer. The clinical features distinguishing old‐age SLE were a low incidence of significant renal disease and prominent pleuropericarditis and arthritis throughout the period of followup. Serologic abnormalities were milder in older patients. Thus, hypocomple‐mentemia, anti‐DNA antibodies, and Clq precipitins occurred less frequently, and rheumatoid factor was more often present than in younger patients with SLE. Regression analysis suggested linear change in disease expression with age rather than distinct age‐related subgroups.
Antibodies to sm in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. correlation of sm antibody titers with disease activity and other laboratory parameters
Authors: Barada Franc A. , Andrews Brian S. , Davisiv John S. , Taylor Ronald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE( were studied over a 2.5‐year period. The group was divided into 14 patients with antibodies to Sm and a control group which failed to exhibit antibodies to Sm over the study period. The titer of antibodies to Sm fluctuated in all 14. A rising titer of antibodies to Sm 1) predicted a flare of disease in 50% and 2) correlated with an exacerbation of disease in 60%. Patients with antibodies to Sm had a comparable incidence of severe disease, renal disease, and central nervous system disease. They exhibited significantly more leukopenia and antibodies to non‐Sm, non‐RNP extractable nuclear antigen. In only 1 patient, a rise in titer of antibodies to Sm did not correlate with or predict a disease flare in contradistinction to other serologic markers of SLE, specifically antibodies to double‐stranded DNA and cryoglobulins. Though infrequently detected, antibodies to Sm can help in the management of patients with SLE.
Release of Collagenase, Neutral Protease, and Prostaglandins From Cultured Mammalian Synovial Cells by Hydroxyapatite and Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystals
Authors: Cheung Herman S. , Halverson Paul B. , Mccarty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals were phagocytosed when added to cultured human rheumatoid or normal canine synovial cells. Collagenase and neutral protease secretion into the culture medium was increased 5‐ to 8‐fold over control values in the presence of HA and increased 3‐fold in the presence of CPPD crystals. HA but not CPPD crystals induced a 300‐fold increase in human rheumatoid synovial cell culture fluid prostaglandin (PG) E2 levels and an 8‐fold increase in PGFα levels. This mechanism may be important in the pathogenesis of the destructive arthropathies associated with HA and CPPD crystals.
Central Nervous System Involvement in Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Yancey Carolyn L. , Doughty Robert A. , Athreya Balu H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe records of 37 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) followed at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 1968 and 1978 were reviewed for evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Criteria for CNS involvement included evidence of organic brain syndrome, electroencephalographic abnormalities with symptoms referable to CNS, or objective neurologic signs. Sixteen of 37 children had CNS involvement (43%). Thirteen patients had CNS involvement at the onset of SLE. Three patients had late onset CNS manifestations 1 to 2 years after the diagnosis of SLE. The most frequently observed symptoms were headache, behavior disorder, lethargy, diplopia, blurred vision, memory alteration, dizziness, and alteration of consciousness. The most frequently observed neurologic signs were seizures, cranial nerve palsy, ataxia, papilledema, nystagmus, meningitis, tremor, rigidity, cortical blindness, and coma. Neuropsychiatric manifestations included organic brain syndrome, functional psychosis, and personality disorder. Laboratory tests showed elevated cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure and protein, negative cultures, and abnormal electroencephalograms and computerized axial tomography scans. Fourteen of 16 children with CNS manifestations are alive. Thirteen had a mean IQ of 89 by the Wechsler Intelligence Tests. Twelve are in educational programs. One required long‐term psychiatric care. A residual neurologic abnormality, a seizure disorder, was present in 3. CNS involvement with SLE in children carries a favorable prognosis.
Giant Cell Arteritis (Temporal Arteritis) Presenting as Fever of Undetermined Origin
Authors: Calamia K. T. , Hunder G. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of the histories of 100 patients with biopsy‐proven giant cell arteritis was performed. Fifteen of these patients had “fever of unknown origin” as the initial manifestation of this disease. All 15 had normal leukocyte counts; however, they had significantly lower hemoglobulin and albumin levels (P > 0.01) and significantly higher platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and alkaline phosphatase values (P ∼ 0.05) compared to the other 85 patients. In 4 patients, random temporal artery biopsies were performed despite persistently negative results from diagnostic evaluations and in the absence of any symptoms or findings suggestive of arteritis.
HLA—Bw35 and Prognosis in Adult Still's Disease
Authors: Terkeltaub Robert , Esdaile John M. , Décary Francine , Harth Manfred , Lister John , Lapointe Normand 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐five patients with adult Still's disease were studied to determine clinical course and possible HLA associations. Two types of disease evolution were distinguishable clinically: a self‐limited remitting disease with or without recurrent cyclic exacerbations was found in 11 patients, and a persistent disease with continuous activity for more than 1 year, generally accompanied by progressive joint disease, was determined in 8. Disease course could not be classified in 6 patients. The antigen frequencies of HLA—Bw35 (40%, P < 0.05) and Cw4 (44%, P < 0.05) were increased in adult Still's disease as compared to controls (18% and 20%, respectively). Because HLA—Bw35 was associated with the self‐limited remitting type disease (P < 0.02), this antigen may be a favorable prognostic marker in adult Still's disease.
Schönlein‐henoch syndrome in patients with familial mediterranean fever
Authors: Flatau Edith , Kohn David , Schiller Dan , Lurie Miriam , Levy Emanuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen episodes of Schönlein‐Henoch purpura (SHP) in 8 patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) were observed. Five episodes developed 3–14 days after penicillin injections, suggesting an etiologic association. FMF and SHP have clear clinical similarities, and if the frequency of association of the 2 diseases is indeed high, perhaps a common etiologic factor should be sought. An immune complex mechanism might be the link between these 2 disease entities.
Clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ballou Stanley P. , Khan Muhammad A. , Kushner Irving 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe compared the frequency of clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and determined survival in 113 patients with younger‐onset lupus (age ⩾ < at clinical diagnosis) and 25 patients with older‐onset disease (age ⩾55 at diagnosis). The most striking difference was in the racial distribution; 59% of the younger patients were black, compared with only 20% of the older‐onset patients (P < 0.001). Major manifestations of lupus (including clinically evident renal disease, central nervous system involvement, cutaneous involvement, and hemocytopenia) occurred with similar frequency in both age groups. Antibodies to DNA were detectable equally often in both groups, but hypocomplementemia was more common in the younger patients. Five‐year survival in the younger‐onset group (79%) was similar to that of the older‐onset group (72%); there was a tendency toward relatively improved survival in patients in the latter group when compared with the expected survival of appropriately matched control populations. Major significant differences in racial distribution included 1) a higher incidence of serositis in older whites and in blacks regardless of age, and 2) more frequent hypocomplementemia in younger patients within both racial groups.
Articular cartilage atrophy in lower limb amputees
Authors: Benichou C. , Wirotius J. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective and radiologic survey of the hips of 53 above‐knee amputees showed that none of these hips was normal. Osteoporosis was present in all subjects, and cartilage thickness was reduced in 27 cases. This reduced thickness was inversely correlated with stump length, since it occurred in 11 of 13 upper‐third amputees, but in none of 10 lower‐third amputees. The mechanisms of cartilage atrophy are discussed.
Predictive value of radionuclide joint scintigrams
Authors: Shearman John , Esdaile John , Hawkins David , Rosenthall Leonard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients with normal or “noninflammatory” 99mtechnetium‐labeled polyphosphate (TPP) peripheral joint scintigrams taken between 1974 and 1976 were reevaluated clinically. Retrospective chart review revealed that all initially had persistent polyarthralgia of more than 3 months duration. At followup, a mean of 3.6 years later, none had evidence of inflammatory joint disease, although 1 patient had systemic lupus erythematosus and 2 had polymyalgia rheumatica. A noninflammatory joint scintigram as part of a thorough rheumatologic evaluation may be a useful procedure in excluding inflammatory joint disease in selected patients with chronic persistent polyarthralgia.
An evaluation strategy for rheumatology education
Authors: Meenan Robert F. , Goldenberg Don L. , Murrman Marita K. , Cohen Alan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe number of professional education programs in rheumatology is increasing at a rapid rate. All efforts to establish such programs should include a formal evaluation plan to assess their value. Clear definitions of program objectives and an understanding of the concepts of education program evaluation should be the basis of planning. We have developed an evaluation approach that focuses on education impact as the key measure of program benefits. Impact is measured in three critical areas: knowledge, clinical performance, and professional behavior. The tools used in this approach include two questionnaires and a trained patient. Educators may use these measures together to generate an overall estimate of education benefits, or they can use them separately to evaluate specific program objectives. This theory‐based strategy can serve as a general model for approaching the evaluation of professional education programs in rheumatology.
Clinical and pathogenetic implications of histopathology in childhood polydermatomyositis
Authors: Crowe William E. , Bove Kevin E. , Levinson Joseph E. , Hilton Pamela K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChildhood dermatomyositis is a distinct subset of dermatomyositis with highly variable outcome. We reviewed our experience with 29 patients observed over a period of 22 years and attempted to correlate tissue manifestations with outcome. Distinctive vascular lesions included non‐necrotizing lymphocytic vasculitis and a unique spectrum of endovascular injury producing temporary or permanent occlusion of small arteries and capillaries. Vessels with noninflammatory endovasculopathy were often reactive with fluorescein‐conjugated antisera to IgM, C3d, and/or fibrin. Lesions linked to endovascular injury include infarction, zonal myopathy, and loss of capillary network. We were able to identify half of the children destined to have persistent morbidity on the basis of severity of vasculopathy in pretreatment muscle‐biopsy specimens. Our observations support a central role for endothelial cell injury in the pathogenesis of childhood dermatomyositis, suggest a basis for assessing the efficacy of therapy, and provide a focus for investigation of basic mechanisms.
Ankylosing spondylitis and motherhood
Authors: Østensen Monika , Romberg Øistein , Husby Gunnar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of pregnancy on the course of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was evaluated for 87 pregnancies of 50 patients. Remission of AS was recorded in 18 pregnancies, exacerbation in 21, and no change in 48. A short flareup of AS was noticed postpartum in 45% of the patients. Postpartum anterior uveitis occurred frequently (20%). The first symptoms of AS were often (20%) related to pregnancy. AS had no harmful effect on pregnancy, the fetus, or the newborn. Twelve percent of the offspring who were 18 years old or older have developed definite ankylosing spondylitis.