bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Somatic mutations at the trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor gene in male hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yeh Shiou‐Hwei , Chiu Chi‐Ming , Chen Chi‐Ling , Lu Shu‐Fen , Hsu Hey‐Chi , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Chen Pei‐Jer 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAndrogen and androgen receptor (AR) have long been implicated in liver carcinogenesis, especially for the male dominance feature. However, whether AR gene could occur in somatic mutations that might contribute to this process has not yet been studied. DNA sequencing and genotyping were conducted for detecting the genetic aberrations of AR gene in 257 primary hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and also the dysplastic nodules (DN) from another 11 patients. Twenty‐one AR somatic mutations causing amino acid changes were identified in HCC and even in the precancerous DN. The missense somatic mutations of AR were rare in HCC (2 cases) but the trinucleotide repeat (TNR) changes, both at (CAG)n and (GGC)n, was a more common one (19 cases). Notably, all these mutations occurred in male patients and most TNR changes belonged to the contraction type (15 out of 19 cases, 78.9%), which has been reported to associate with increased AR transcriptional activity. Most samples with TNR changes did not show microsatellite instability, suggesting a different cause for these TNR mutations. Although no significant correlation was identified between AR mutations and the clinicopathologic parameters, we found the (CAG)n length significantly shorter in hepatitis B virus (HBV)(+) HCCs than in HBV(−) HCCs and the (GGC)n length significantly correlates with the overall survival. In conclusion, the mis‐sense somatic mutations of AR were rare in HCC but the TNR change was a more common one, which exclusively occurred in males. Moreover, the length of TNR carried clinical significance in special HCC group. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential involvement of reactive oxygen species in apoptosis induced by two classes of selenium compounds in human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Li Guang‐Xun , Hu Hongbo , Jiang Cheng , Schuster Todd , Lü Junxuan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSelenium is a promising chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer, possiblyviaan induction of apoptosis. Earlier studies have shown that selenite induces DNA single strand breaks (SSBs), reactive oxygen species (ROS), p53 Ser‐15 phosphorylation and caspase‐dependent and ‐independent apoptosis, whereas a methylselenol precursor methylseleninic acid (MSeA) induces caspase‐mediated apoptosis regardless of p53 status. Here we address three main questions: What types of ROS are induced by selenitevs.MSeA in LNCaP (p53 wild type, androgen‐responsive) and DU145 (mutant p53, androgen‐independent) prostate cancer cells? Does ROS generation depend on androgen signaling? What are the relationships among ROS, DNA SSBs, p53 and caspases? We show that selenite (5 μM) induced superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in LNCaP cells much more than in DU145 cells and the ROS generation was not affected by physiological androgen stimulation. MSeA (10 μM) induced apoptosis without either type of ROS in both cell lines. In LNCaP cells, we established superoxide as a primary mediator for selenite‐induced DNA SSBs, p53 activation and caspase‐mediated apoptosis. Furthermore a p53‐dominant negative mutant attenuated selenite‐induced ROS, leading to a proportionate protection against apoptosis. The results support the p53‐mitochondria axis in a feedback loop for sustaining superoxide production to lead to efficient caspase‐mediated apoptosis by selenite. In contrast, caspase‐mediated apoptosis induced by MSeA does not involve ROS induction. Since p53 is frequently mutated or deleted in prostate cancer and many other cancers, our results suggest that genotoxicvs.nongenotoxic classes of selenium may exert differential apoptosis efficacy depending on the p53 status of the cancer cells. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow at diagnosis in patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated by definitive radiotherapy
Authors: Berg Arne , Berner Aasmund , Lilleby Wolfgang , Bruland Øyvind S. , Fosså Sophie D. , Nesland Jahn M. , Kvalheim Gunnar 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore whether detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) of nonmetastatic prostate cancer (PC) was associated with other clinical or histopathological factors at diagnoses or clinical outcome subsequent to definitive radiotherapy (RT). We evaluated BM aspirates from 272 cT1‐4pN0M0 PC patients by immunocytochemistry employing anticytokeratin antibodies (AE1/AE3). BM‐status was compared with clinical and histopathological parameters. Long‐term clinical outcome was assessed in 131 of the patients who all had completed definitive RT with or without androgen deprivation (AD), initiating treatment >5 years before cut‐off date June 1, 2005. They had at least 1 unfavorable prognostic feature defined as cT3‐4 or Gleason score (GS) ≥ 7B or PSA ≥ 10 μg/l. Overall death, cause‐specific death, distant metastases (DM) as first clinical relapse, local failure as first clinical relapse and biochemical failure were defined as end‐points. DTCs were detected in 18% of the patients and were associated with increasing GS (p = 0.04) and percentage of Gleason pattern 4/5 (p = 0.04). The 7‐year cumulative risk of DM was 21% for BM‐positive patients vs. 6% for BM‐negative patients (p = 0.07). In patients receiving RT without AD (n = 75), the 7‐year cumulative risk of DM for BM‐positive patients was 28% vs. 9% for BM‐negative patients (p = 0.03). BM‐status did not have impact on other end‐points. In conclusion our study shows that presence of DTCs in BM at diagnosis was associated with the histological differentiation of the primary tumor and an increased risk of developing distant metastases after RT. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anti‐apoptotic role of TWIST and its association with Akt pathway in mediating taxol resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Wang Qi , Ling Ming‐Tat , Wong Yong Chuan , Leung Steve C.L. , Wang Xianghong 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTWIST, a basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor, has been reported to be associated with development and progression of human cancer. Recently, over expression of TWIST is found in cancer patients with shorter survival and poor response to chemotherapy. Previously, we found that upregulation of TWIST was responsible for the development of acquired resistance to taxol in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line, HNE1‐T3 (Wang et al., Oncogene, 2004;24:274). In this study, we investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the TWIST‐mediated taxol resistance. By comparison of the parental HNE1 and its derivative HNE1‐T3 cell lines, we found that the resistance to taxol in HNE1‐T3 cells was associated with suppression of taxol‐induced apoptosis evidenced by decreased expression of Bak and Bax and increased Bcl‐2, as well as inhibition of PARP and caspase cleavage and DNA ladder formation. However, there was no correlation between taxol sensitivity and alterations on G2/M cell cycle distribution, suggesting that the TWIST‐induced taxol resistance is mediated through protection against apoptosis but not mitotic arrest. Analysis of additional 8 NPC cell lines showed that upregulation of TWIST was associated with resistance to microtubule disrupting agents, especially taxol, and inactivation of TWIST through small RNA interference led to increased sensitivity to taxol‐induced cell death. Subsequent studies also demonstrated that the TWIST‐mediated taxol resistance may be regulated through its positive involvement with the Akt pathway. Our findings suggest an underlying molecular mechanism responsible for the TWIST‐mediated chemodrug resistance and suggest a target for overcoming taxol resistance in cancer cells. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mobile phone use and risk of glioma in 5 North European countries
Authors: Lahkola Anna , Auvinen Anssi , Raitanen Jani , Schoemaker Minouk J. , Christensen Helle C. , Feychting Maria , Johansen Christoffer , Klæboe Lars , Lönn Stefan , Swerdlow Anthony J. , Tynes Tore , Salminen Tiina 
Published: January 2007

AbstractPublic concern has been expressed about the possible adverse health effects of mobile telephones, mainly related to intracranial tumors. We conducted a population‐based case–control study to investigate the relationship between mobile phone use and risk of glioma among 1,522 glioma patients and 3,301 controls. We found no evidence of increased risk of glioma related to regular mobile phone use (odds ratio, OR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.68, 0.91). No significant association was found across categories with duration of use, years since first use, cumulative number of calls or cumulative hours of use. When the linear trend was examined, the OR for cumulative hours of mobile phone use was 1.006 (1.002, 1.010) per 100 hr, but no such relationship was found for the years of use or the number of calls. We found no increased risks when analogue and digital phones were analyzed separately. For more than 10 years of mobile phone use reported on the side of the head where the tumor was located, an increased OR of borderline statistical significance (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.01, 1.92, p trend 0.04) was found, whereas similar use on the opposite side of the head resulted in an OR of 0.98 (95% CI 0.71, 1.37). Although our results overall do not indicate an increased risk of glioma in relation to mobile phone use, the possible risk in the most heavily exposed part of the brain with long‐term use needs to be explored further before firm conclusions can be drawn. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Less aggressive treatment and worse overall survival in cancer patients with diabetes: A large population based analysis
Authors: van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke V. , Houterman Saskia , Janssen‐Heijnen Maryska L.G. , Dercksen Marcus W. , Coebergh Jan Willem W. , Haak Harm R. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of diabetes among newly diagnosed cancer patients and to evaluate the influence of diabetes on stage at diagnosis, treatment and overall survival. We performed a population‐based analyses of all 58,498 cancer patients newly diagnosed between 1995 and 2002 in the registration area of the Eindhoven Cancer Registry. Stage of cancer, cancer treatment and comorbidities were actively collected by hospital medical records review. Follow‐up of all patients was completed until January 1, 2005. Nine percent of all cancer patients had diabetes at the time of cancer diagnosis. The prevalence of diabetes was highest among patients with cancer of the pancreas (19%), uterus (14%) and among young men with kidney cancer (8%). Colon, breast and ovarian cancer patients with diabetes were more often diagnosed with a higher tumour stage (p < 0.05). Patients with diabetes and cancer of the oesophagus, colon, breast and ovary were treated less aggressively compared to those without diabetes (p < 0.05). During the follow‐up period 3,902 of 5,555 cancer patients with diabetes died and 29,909 of 52,943 cancer patients without diabetes died. For all cancers combined, in a multivariate cox‐regression model, adjusting for age, gender, stage, treatment and cardiovascular disease, patients with diabetes experienced a significant increase in overall mortality (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.40–1.49), ranging however from 0 to 40% for different types of cancer, compared to those without diabetes. In conclusion, diabetic cancer patients frequently were treated less aggressively and had a worse prognosis compared to those without diabetes. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast and efficient screening system for new biomaterials in tissue engineering: A model for peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Bruns Stephanie , Stark Yvonne , Wieland Martin , Stahl Frank , Kasper Cornelia , Scheper Thomas 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe use of three‐dimensional biodegradable matrices is one major issue in tissue engineering. Numerous materials, fabrication techniques, and modifications have been used and tested in different areas of tissue engineering recently. But nevertheless, technology is far from being optimized and optimal constructs with bioidentical and mechanical properties have not been described in the literature so far. Hence, there is great demand of new suitable biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. In this study, a fast and efficient screening system for initial testing of biomaterials for cell culture application was developed. The set up for the screening system and the decision criteria applied for the determination of suitability of new materials are presented. Hep‐G2 and PC‐12 cells were seeded onto different matrices and cultured over a period of 2 weeks. The viability of the cells was monitored via the MTT assay. Cell spreading was investigated by DAPI‐staining of cell nuclei. Furthermore, the adhesion of the cells on the different matrices was examined by counting the number of attached cells. With these general assays a classification of materials is possible with regard to their suitability. Optimal cell models must be chosen for the defined applications and at least two cell lines are necessary for a differentiating interpretation. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
In silico determination of intracellular glycosylation and phosphorylation sites in human selectins: Implications for biological function
Authors: Ahmad Ishtiaq , Hoessli Daniel C. , Gupta Ramneek , Walker‐Nasir Evelyne , Rafik Saleem M. , Choudhary M. Iqbal , Shakoori Abdul Rauf , Nasir‐ud‐Din  
Published: January 2007

AbstractPost‐translational modifications provide the proteins with the possibility to perform functions in addition to those determined by their primary sequence. However, analysis of multifunctional protein structures in the environment of cells and body fluids is made especially difficult by the presence of other interacting proteins. Bioinformatics tools are therefore helpful to predict protein multifunctionality through the identification of serine and threonine residues wherein the hydroxyl group is likely to become modified by phosphorylation or glycosylation. Moreover, serines and threonines where both modifications are likely to occur can also be predicted (YinYang sites), to suggest further functional versatility. Structural modifications of hydroxyl groups of P‐, E‐, and L‐selectins have been predicted and possible functions resulting from such modifications are proposed. Functional changes of the three selectins are based on the assumption that transitory and reversible protein modifications by phosphate and O‐GlcNAc cause specific conformational changes and generate binding sites for other proteins. The computer‐assisted prediction of glycosylation and phosphorylation sites in selectins should be helpful to assess the contribution of dynamic protein modifications in selectin‐mediated inflammatory responses and cell–cell adhesion processes that are difficult to determine experimentally. J. Cell. Biochem. 100: 1558–1572, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of PAI‐1 gene expression during adipogenesis
Authors: Venugopal Joshi , Hanashiro Kazuhiko , Nagamine Yoshikuni 
Published: January 2007

AbstractObesity is characterized by elevated levels of circulating plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), which contribute towards the development of secondary disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular complications. This increase in plasma PAI‐1 levels is attributed to an increase in PAI‐1 derived from adipose tissue. This study shows that adipose tissue evolved into a major PAI‐1 producing organ by gaining capacity during adipocyte differentiation to respond to inducers of PAI‐1 transcription. This is mediated by a decrease in E2F1 protein levels, an increase in pRB levels and a decrease in pRB phosphorylation, all leading to a decrease in levels of free E2F, a known transcriptional repressor of PAI‐1. Depletion of E2F1–3 was sufficient for inducers such as insulin to potently induce PAI‐1 gene expression in pre‐adipocytes. Conversely, forced release of pRB‐bound endogenous E2F using cell‐penetrating peptides can suppress PAI‐1 gene expression in adipocytes. This study describes the novel paradigm of cellular differentiation‐associated increase in PAI‐1 gene expression which is mediated by a decrease in repressor activity, and describes a way of desensitising terminally differentiated cells to PAI‐1 inducing agents by restoring endogenous repressor activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 369–380, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical study of the electronic spectra of oxidized and reduced states of lumiflavin and its derivative
Authors: Choe Yoong‐Kee , Nagase Shigeru , Nishimoto Kichisuke 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTime‐dependent density functional theory has been applied to investigate the electronic absorption spectrum of oxidized and reduced lumiflavin and its derivative, 8‐NH2‐lumiflavin. The calculations allow the authors to explain the origin of the difference in spectral features between oxidized and reduced states of lumiflavin. For the reduced lumiflavin, a reasonable assignment of the experimental spectrum has been made for the first time. Furthermore, the results obtained reveal that the NH2 group plays a critical role in shaping the spectral features of 8‐NH2‐lumiflavin, and offer a reasonable explanation for the spectral changes upon substituting the NH2 group for the CH3 group of lumiflavin. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 28: 727–739, 2007
Thermodynamic calculations for molecules with asymmetric internal rotors—application to 1,3‐butadiene
Authors: Wong Bryan M. , Raman Sumathy 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWe present quantum mechanical partition functions, free energies, entropies, and heat capacities of 1,3‐butadiene derived from ab initio calculations. Our technique makes use of a reaction path‐like Hamiltonian to couple all 23 vibrational modes to the large‐amplitude torsion, which involves heavy asymmetric functional groups. Ab initio calculations were performed at the B3LYP, MP2, and CCSD(T) levels of theory and compared with experimental values as a reference case. By using the ab initio potentials and projected frequencies, simple perturbative expressions are presented for computing the couplings of all the vibrational modes to the large‐amplitude torsion. The expressions are particularly suited for programming in the new STAR‐P software platform which automatically parallelizes our codes with distributed memory via a familiar MATLAB interface. Using the efficient parallelization scheme of STAR‐P, we obtain thermodynamic properties of 1,3‐butadiene for temperatures ranging from 50 to 500 K. The free energies, entropies, and heat capacities obtained from our perturbative formulas are compared with conventional approximations and experimental values found in thermodynamic tables. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.J Comput Chem 28: 759–766, 2007
Optimized Monte Carlo sampling in forward–backward semiclassical dynamics
Authors: Kegerreis Jeb , Makri Nancy 
Published: January 2007

AbstractForward–backward semiclassical dynamics (FBSD) provides a rigorous and powerful methodology for calculating time correlation functions in condensed phase systems characterized by substantial quantum mechanical effects associated with zero‐point motion, quantum dispersion, or identical particle exchange symmetries. The efficiency of these simulations arises from the use of classical trajectories to capture all dynamical information. However, full quantization of the density operator makes these calculations rather expensive compared to fully classical molecular dynamics simulations. This article discusses the convergence properties of various correlation functions and introduces an optimal Monte Carlo sampling scheme that leads to a significant reduction of statistical error. A simple and efficient procedure for normalizing the FBSD results is also discussed. Illustrative examples on model systems are presented. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 28: 818–824, 2007
The influence of graphite solid additives, MoS2 and PTFE on changes in shear stress values in lubricating greases
Authors: Czarny Ryszard , Paszkowski Maciej 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe paper deals with the influence of graphite solid additives, bisulphide of molybdenum and polytetrafluoroethylene on changes in shear stress values in lubricating greases. The research was done on lithium and bentonite greases. They were ‘pure’ greases — without any additives — and the compositions of these greases were with different amounts of thickeners. The results of the experiments showed that both the kind of grease and the kind of thickener applied have a significant influence on rheological properties, which result in different grease composites. The research was carried out by means of a rotary rheometer with coaxial cylinders. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aggressiveness and outcome of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) versus microcarcinoma (PMC): A mono‐institutional experience
Authors: Cappelli C. , Castellano M. , Braga M. , Gandossi E. , Pirola I. , De Martino E. , Agosti B. , Rosei E. Agabiti 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents 70%–75% of well‐differentiated thyroid cancers. Although most reports have shown that papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PMC) follow an indolent course, a few series have demonstrated that a significant number of them are associated with extrathyroidal extension and nodal or distant metastases.MethodsFour hundred eighty‐four patients with papillary thyroid cancer (102, PMC; 382, PTC) were enrolled in this study. The median follow‐up was 102 months.ResultsNo difference between PTC and PMC patients was observed for age, gender, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph nodes metastasis. The prevalence of nodal involvement developing during the follow‐up period was significantly higher in PMC than PTC (58.8% vs. 38.5%, P = 0.002). An unfavorable clinical course occurred in 96 subjects (21.8%). Logistic analysis showed that the strongest association with the worst prognosis was found for age and TNM stage III (P < 0.001). Analysis also confirmed that the presence of intranodular vascularity is a predictor of unfavorable outcome (P = 0.044).ConclusionsWe suggest always performing a total thyroidectomy followed by radiometabolic therapy in papillary carcinomas independent of their size. If the choice in PMCs should be more conservative (hemithyroidectomy), we purpose to limit this procedure to the cancers without Doppler features suggesting intranodular vascular pattern. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:555–560. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.