bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unambiguous structural elucidation of base‐modified purine nucleosides using NMR
Authors: Narukulla Raman , Shuker David E. G. , Ramesh Vasudevan , Xu Yao‐Zhong 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA general and unambiguous approach has been developed for structural elucidation of modified purine nucleosides using NMR spectroscopy. Systematic assignment of proton and carbon signals of modified nucleosides was firmly established by COSY and the anomerism of the glycosidic linkage of synthetic nucleosides clearly elucidated by NOESY experiments. Characteristic properties of 15N‐isotopic labelling at specific positions of nucleosides were also employed for structural studies. The reported approach is applicable to other modified nucleosides and nucleotides, as well as nucleobases. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ventilation induced pneumothorax following resolved empyema
Authors: Nyman A.G. , Sonnappa S. , Prendiville A.T. , Jaffe A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of pneumothorax as a result of positive pressure ventilation in a child previously treated for empyema. Three months following discharge for successful treatment of empyema our patient received a general anesthetic for an elective MRI of the brain for investigation of nystagmus. During recovery from the anesthetic he developed respiratory distress and was found to have a loculated pneumothorax. We propose that pleural fragility in childhood empyema possibly persists even after clinical resolution and in this case for up to 3 months. The complication of pneumothorax should be considered in all patients receiving positive pressure ventilation following resolved empyema. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:99–101. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Airway epithelial cell signaling in response to bacterial pathogens
Authors: Gómez Marisa I. , Prince Alice 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe airway epithelium represents a primary site for the introduction and deposition of potentially pathogenic microorganisms into the body, through inspired air. The epithelial mucosa is an important component of the innate immune system that recognizes conserved structures in microorganisms and initiates appropriate signaling to recruit and activate phagocytic cells to the airways. This review focuses on how airway epithelial cells sense and respond to the presence of bacterial pathogens. The major signaling cascades initiated by epithelial receptors that lead to phagocyte recruitment to the airways as well as the ability of the epithelium to regulate inflammation are discussed. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:11–19. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Saint‐Venant's principle and its connections to shape and topology optimization
Authors: Barbarosie C. , Toader A.‐M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA version of Saint‐Venant's principle is stated and proven for a scalar elliptic equation in a domain of arbitrary shape, loaded only in a small ball. Some links are pointed out to the bubble method in topology optimization: when a small hole is introduced in a given shape, the difference between the perturbed solution and the unperturbed one satisfies the hypotheses of Saint‐Venant's principle. An important tool is the Poincaré‐Wirtinger inequality for functions defined on a sphere; results from spectral geometry are used to determine the constant therein.
Proteomic Profiling of Ovarian Cancer Plasma using Immunoaffinity Depleted Plasma and Two-Dimensional PAGE
Authors: Oliva Karen T. , Ayhan Mustafa , Barker Gillian , Dellios Nicole L. , Quinn Michael A. , Rice Gregory E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate a multiple immunoaffinity protein depletion (multiple affinity removal system, MARS) pre-treatment strategy with subsequent two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE) and peptide mass finger printing analysis for the detection of ovarian cancer-associated plasma proteins.

Materials and Methods
Following immunoaffinity depletion, total plasma protein content was reduced by 84.2 ± 1.8% (mean ± SE, n = 32). The number of proteins detected in the control and ovarian cancer groups was 349 and 357, respectively. This represented an increase in spot detection of almost twofold when compared to 2D PAGE displays of untreated plasma (174 spots). Of the proteins displayed, post-depletion, 300 (control) and 302 (ovarian cancer, OC) were common within each group. PDQuest analysis indicated that 109 protein spots were statistically different between the two groups and, of these, 59 exhibited greater than or equal to twofold difference in spot density (Student’s t test, p = 0.01). Thirty-nine of these proteins were successfully identified with reliable confidence.

Results and Discussion
The data obtained in this study demonstrates that immunodepletion of plasma before 2D PAGE profiling have generated identifiable plasma proteins that are differentially expressed in the high-grade ovarian cancer sample set compared to controls. This approach, therefore, may be useful in identifying candidate biomarkers for inclusion in multi-marker tests for ovarian cancer that may exhibit greater sensitivity and specificity than those currently available. It was evident, however, from the predominant identification of host response proteins that immunodepletion did not generate sufficient levels of enrichment of lower abundance tumor-specific proteins to facilitate detection.
Constitutive endocytosis in characean internodal cells is independent of an intact actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Foissner Ilse , Klima Andreas 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe have investigated constitutive endocytosis in internodal cells of the characean green algae. The endocytic tracer FM1‐43 accumulated in distinct plasma membrane domains that are probably enriched in sterol‐like substances. Internalization of the dye was active but independent of an intact actin or microtubule cytoskeleton.
Non‐invasive microscopy of tip‐growing root hairs as a tool for study of dynamic and cytoskeleton‐based vesicle trafficking
Authors: Ovečka Miroslav , Baluška František , Lichtscheidl Irene 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe techniques of live cell imaging by electronic light microscopy and confocal microscopy were used to analyse the cytoarchitecture, organelle dynamics and membrane trafficking in living root hairs of Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago sativa. We focused on the motility of vesicles in the tip of growing root hairs, the internalisation of plasma membrane by endocytosis and the fate of endocytic compartments. Vesicles as well as their trafficking to and contact with the plasma membrane were visualised in the tip of root hairs. We showed rapid endocytosis using a pulse treatment with lipophillic FM dyes in growing root hairs. Endocytosis was active at the very tip and labelled endocytic membranes progressed further down the endocytic network through dynamic compartments merging with the vacuole by their fusion with highly dynamic tonoplast.
Development of transformation vectors based upon a modified plant α‐tubulin gene as the selectable marker
Authors: Yemets Alla , Radchuk Vladimir , Bayer Oleg , Bayer Galina , Pakhomov Alexey , Baird W. Vance , Blume Yaroslav B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA plant transformation and selection system has been developed utilizing a modified tubulin gene as a selectable marker. The vector constructs carrying a mutant α‐tubulin gene from goosegrass conferring resistance to dinitroaniline herbicides were created for transformation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. These constructs contained β‐ and/or mutant α‐tubulin genes driven either by ubiquitin or CaMV 35S promoter. The constructs were used for biolistic transformation of finger millet and soybean or for Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation of flax and tobacco. Trifluralin, the main representative of dinitroaniline herbicides, was used as a selective agent in experiments to select transgenic cells, tissues and plantlets. Selective concentrations of trifluralin estimated for each species were as follows: 10 μM for Eleusine coracana, Glycine max, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Nicotiana sylvestris; 3 μM for Linum usitatissimum. PCR and Southern blotting analyses of transformed lines with a specific probe to nptII, α‐tubulin or β‐tubulin genes were performed to confirm the transgenic nature of regenerated plants. Band specific for the mutant α‐tubulin gene was identified in transformed plant lines. Results confirmed the stable integration of the mutant tubulin gene into the plant genomes. The present study clearly demonstrates the use of a plant mutant tubulin as a selective gene for plant transformation.
Plant tubulin intronics
Authors: Breviario Diego , Gianì Silvia , Ponzoni Elena , Mastromauro Francesco , Morello Laura 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntrons of plant tubulin genes are useful molecular tools to study IME (Intron Mediated Enhancement of gene expression) and to define plant genetic and evolutionary relationships through ILP (Intron Length Polymorphism). Here we show that the intron present within the 5′UTR sequence of some rice β‐tubulin genes can sustain IME in rice transgenic plants and that degenerated oligonucleotide mixtures designed to amplify the first and the second intron present within the coding sequence of plant β‐tubulin genes can successfully detect ILPs among different bean varieties.
Effects of levosimendan on coronary artery flow and cardiac performance in patients with advanced heart failure
Authors: Ikonomidis Ignatios , Parissis John T. , Paraskevaidis Ioannis , Kourea Kallirrhoe , Bistola Vasiliki , Lekakis John , Filippatos Gerasimos , Kremastinos Dimitrios Th. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundLevosimendan has inotropic and vasodilatory effects. We investigated the effects of levosimendan on coronary flow and associated changes in neurohormonal activation and cardiac performance in patients with advanced heart failure.MethodsForty‐two patients with NYHA III–IV and a left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) 25±6%, were randomised to levosimendan 0.1 μg/kg/min (n=21) or placebo for 24 h. Before and 24 h after each treatment, we assessed: the maximal velocity (Vmax), time integral (VTI) and deceleration time (DT) of the diastolic coronary flow wave (CF) in LAD using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, pulmonary artery systolic pressure by Doppler echocardiography, E/E' ratio using Doppler imaging of mitral inflow velocity, tissue Doppler imaging of the mitral annulus and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels.ResultsBy ANOVA, there was a greater increase in CF‐Vmax (43±23 vs.25±8 cm/s), CF‐DT (904±250 vs. 667±151 ms), and EF and a greater decrease in BNP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and E/E′ after levosimendan than after placebo (p<0.05). Compared to baseline, the percent changes in CF‐VTI were related to the concomitant changes in EF, E/E′, and BNP after treatment with levosimendan (r=0.69, r=−0.51 and r=−0.80, p<0.05 respectively).ConclusionTreatment with levosimendan improves coronary flow and microcirculation in parallel with an improvement in cardiac performance and neurohormonal activation in patients with advanced heart failure.
Quality of chrysotile asbestos and high-temperature conductance of the host ultramafics: possible linkage
Authors: Bakhterev V.V. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The paper reports physical, physicochemical, and mineralogical-petrographic studies of serpentinite samples from the Bazhenovo deposit of chrysotile asbestos. The samples differ in mineralogy, physical and physicochemical parameters, and in quality (fiber tenacity) of the hosted chrysotile asbestos. The experiments allowed estimating the temperature dependence of electrical resistance of serpentinites in a range of 20 to 800 °C, the parameters of their high-temperature resistance (the activation energy E0 and the resistance coefficient lg R0), and the relationship between fiber tenacity of asbestos and high-temperature conductance of the host serpentinites. The serpentinite samples that host brittle and tenacious chrysotile asbestos plot different fields in the coordinates E0–lg R0 without any overlap. Thus, the quality of chrysotile asbestos can be inferred from the parameters of high-temperature conductance of the host serpentinites.
Resistivity pattern of crust and upper mantle in Southern Urals
Authors: Diakonova A.G. , Ivanov K.S. , Astafiev P.F. , Vishnev V.S. , Konoplin A.D. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
A resistivity model of the southern Urals to depths of 120 km was obtained by numerical simulation of natural- and controlled-source EM soundings at 160 kHz to 4⋅10−4 Hz. The structure of crust and upper mantle was imaged along a transect running ∼800 km across the East European Platform, the Ural foredeep, and the Ural mountains. The new data on geology and tectonics of the southern Urals enlarge the knowledge gained through URSEIS-95 reflection profiling along one of best representative cross-orogen profiles. We discovered a large conductor traceable to depths at least 100–120 km at the junction between the East European Platform and the Ural foredeep. It indicates that the Ural foredeep originated in a weak tectonic zone at the platform edge. The Ural orogen is imaged as a nearly bivergent structure to depths of 70–80 km producing a mosaic pattern of conductors rooted deep beneath the Magnitogorsk greenstone province and the granitic belt of the central East Ural uplift where it is 150 km wide at a depth of ∼120 km. We interpret the discovered deep roots in the context of the geological history of the Urals.
Mating interactions between two biotypes of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Australia
Authors: De Barro P.J. , Hart P.J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe biological consequences of mating interactions between indigenous and exotic biotypes ofBemisia tabaci(Gennadius) in Australia were studied using a combination of field and laboratory experiments. The key results of the interaction between the B and eastern Australian biotypes were reduced population increase, a marked increase in the proportion of male progeny, fewer eggs produced by females paired with males of different biotype and no difference in the numbers of eggs per unmated female and females paired with males of the same biotype. In addition, there was no change in the proportion of eggs hatching, mixed biotype pairs spent more time courting than single biotype pairs and a low level of hybridization in field cages and small containers was observed. These observations suggest three possibilities. The first is the ‘distracting male hypothesis’ in which mating pairs made up of different biotypes apportion more time to courtship and less time to egg laying than single biotype pairs. The second invokes the ‘single-locus complementary sex determination model’ in which the production of non-viable diploid male zygotes may explain the reduction in eggs laid. The third is cytoplasmic incompatibility between biotypes caused byWolbachia. The results also suggest that the geographical distribution of clusters of related biotypes both overseas and in Australia may be explained by between-biotype interactions leading to the formation of parapatric populations.
Comparison of two alpha-cyano pyrethroids when impregnated into bednets against a pyrethroid resistant and susceptible strain of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) and their F1 progeny
Authors: Kolaczinski J.H. , Curtis C.F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe two alpha-cyano pyrethroid insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and alpha-cypermethrin were tested as bednet treatments at a target dose of 20 mg m-2. To establish their efficacy, female pyrethroid resistant and susceptible Anopheles stephensi Liston, and the F1-hybrids were allowed to fly freely in a room with a human subject under an impregnated net. Both treatments provided good personal protection by significantly reducing the number of blood fed mosquitoes compared to an untreated control net. Mortality after 24 h was significantly higher for the alpha-cypermethrin treated net when compared to lambda-cyhalothrin. For each insecticide there were no significant differences in the proportion of susceptible homozygotes and F1-hybrids found dead after a 24 h holding period, which suggests that there would be no selection for pyrethroid resistant heterozygotes by either of the insecticides.
Potential of the mite-pathogenic fungusNeozygites floridana(Entomophthorales: Neozygitaceae) for control of the cassava green miteMononychellus tanajoa(Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Elliot S.L. , de Moraes G.J. , Delalibera I. , da Silva C.A.D. , Tamai M.A. , Mumford J.D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe cassava green mite,Mononychellus tanajoa(Bondar), is an exotic pest in Africa and is the target of a classical biological control programme. Field data from the Neotropics, where it is indigenous, are presented for the first time, charting the variation in abundance ofM. tanajoaover several seasons. This was highly variable, with a characteristic trough mid-year and a peak at the turn of the year. This pattern corresponded positively with rainfall levels, appearing to fit a phenology also characteristic of African studies, where rainfall at the start of the wet season promotes a leaf flush and so growth inM. tanajoapopulations. Analyses implied some impact of leaf-inhabiting predatory mites (predominantlyNeoseiulus idaeusDenmark & Muma) and a considerable impact of the fungal pathogenNeozygites floridanaFisher onM. tanajoapopulations. This pathogen was not observed in the host population for several (generally dry) periods implying survival outside the host, perhaps as resting spores. This is a particularly desirable characteristic of a biological control agent. It is therefore proposed thatN. floridanamight be of particular use in drier cassava-growing areas where rainfall at the outset of the wet season is not sufficiently intense to cause heavyM. tanajoamortality but may be sufficient to stimulate epizootics of the fungal pathogen, protecting the flush of new cassava growth.
Why Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) egg parasitoids of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fail on chickpea
Authors: Romeis J. , Shanower T.G. , Zebitz C.P.W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTrichogramma spp. egg parasitoids are generally absent in eggs of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) collected from chickpea, Cicer arietinum. In this study, the plant characters responsible for the absence of egg parasitoids and the feasibility of increasing parasitism levels on chickpea by mass-releasing Trichogramma chilonis Ishii were investigated. The residence time of female T. chilonison chickpea leaves was affected by trichomes and the acidic trichome exudates secreted on all green parts of the plant. The parasitoids spent a longer time on chickpea leaves where the acidic trichome exudates had been washed off than on unwashed leaves, and longer on leaves of a glabrous chickpea mutant than on washed leaves. When placed on unwashed chickpea leaves, 6.8% of the parasitoids were trapped and killed by the exudates. In a filter paper bioassay, female T. chilonis were deterred by high concentrations of malic and oxalic acids, the major components of the trichome exudate. Acetone and hexane extracts from the surface of chickpea leaves did not elicit a response from the parasitoids in the bioassay. Similarly, the parasitoids did not respond to volatiles emitted by chickpea plants in a four-armed airflow olfactometer. No parasitized eggs were collected from a chickpea field in which T. chiloniswere released five times at a weekly interval at a rate of > 137,000 females ha–1. Sticky trap catches showed that no parasitoid population was sustained in the release field.
Chemical analysis of oxygenated homosesquiterpenes: a putative sex pheromone from Lutzomyia lichyi (Diptera: Psychodidae)
Authors: Hamilton J.G.C. , Brazil R.P. , Morgan E.D. , Alexander B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLutzomyia lichyi (Floch & Abbonenc) is a suggested secondary vector of Leishmania in Colombia. Taxonomically, L. lichyi is very closely related to the L. longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva) species complex. Male members of the complex can be distinguished by their sex pheromones which are produced in papules found grouped together in pale patches on tergites 3 or tergites 3 and 4. Male L. lichyi also have papules, very similar in appearance to those of the L. longipalpis species complex but distributed on tergites 4, 5, 6 and 7. Chemical analysis of male L. lichyi hexane extracts has revealed the presence of two novel oxygenated methylsesquiterpenes. The two major oxygenated terpenes found in the extract of L. lichyi males are tentatively characterized as a primary and tertiary alcohol. The mass spectrum of the proposed primary alcohol is very similar to the published mass spectrum of 3-methyl-α-himachalene, the sex pheromone produced by the Jacobina chemotype of the L. longipalpis complex. The mass spectrum of the proposed tertiary alcohol also has similarities to the 3-methyl-α-himachalene sex pheromone.
Effect of density of pheromone sources, pheromone dosage and population pressure on mating of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Kehat M. , Anshelevich L. , Gordon D. , Harel M. , Zilberg L. , Dunkelblum E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effect of density of the Shin-Etsu twist-tie rope pheromone formulation (PBW rope L®) on mating of female pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders) was tested in Israel. The success of mating disruption was evaluated during 1997 by the mating table technique, comparing the percentage of mating of virgin sentinel females in pheromone-treated and control plots. Under low pest population pressure application of ‘long-life’ formulation of P. gossypiellapheromone, PBW rope L®, spaced 9 m, 11 m and 14 m apart, resulted in very high suppression of mating (96.5–100%) and complete shut-down of pheromone trap catch. These application rates were much lower than those now prevailing in Israel and elsewhere. Spacing of ropes 20 m apart resulted in less effective mating disruption of 65% only, and shut-down of pheromone traps was also incomplete. The tests during 1998 were carried out at high pest population and efficacy of treatments was assessed by the reduction of male capture in traps in pheromone-treated plots relative to catches in the control. The distance between pheromone sources proved to be the most critical factor determining success. In both years, any spacing significantly greater than 10 m gave markedly less than complete trap catch shutdown/mating suppression. Pheromone dosages and population density were also important in determining mating success. Results obtained in this study indicate the possibility of reducing the number of pheromone sources per unit area and the total amount of pheromone as compared with that in use today, only at very low pest populations. However at high population levels, dispensers closely-spaced, with increased dosages of pheromone, are required.