bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insecticidal activities of leaf and twig essential oils from Clausena excavata against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus larvae
Authors: Cheng Sen‐Sung , Chang Hui‐Ting , Lin Chun‐Ya , Chen Pin‐Sheng , Huang Chin‐Gi , Chen Wei‐June , Chang Shang‐Tzen 
Published: December 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: The current study investigates, for the first time, the mosquito larvicidal activities of leaf and twig essential oils from Clausena excavata Burm. f. and their individual constituents against Aedes aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus Skuse larvae. The yields of essential oils obtained from hydrodistillation were compared, and their constituents were determined by GC‐MS analyses.RESULTS: The LC50 values of leaf and twig essential oils against fourth‐instar larvae of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were 37.1–40.1 µg mL−1 and 41.1–41.2 µg mL−1 respectively. This study demonstrated that C. excavata leaf and twig essential oils possess mosquito larvicidal activity, inhibiting the growth of mosquito larvae for both species at a low concentration. In addition, results of larvicidal assays showed that the effective constituents in leaf and twig essential oils were limonene, γ‐terpinene, terpinolene, β‐myrcene, 3‐carene and p‐cymene. The LC50 values of these constituents against both mosquito larvae were below 50 µg mL−1. Among these effective constituents, limonene had the best mosquito larvicidal activity, with LC50 of 19.4 µg mL−1 and 15.0 µg mL−1 against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus larvae respectively.CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that the essential oils from Clausena excavata leaf and twig and their effective constituents may be explored as a potential natural larvicide. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Off‐pump, minimally invasive and robotic coronary revascularization yield improved outcomes over traditional on‐pump CABG
Authors: Atluri Pavan , Kozin Elliott D. , Hiesinger William , Joseph Woo Y. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCoronary artery disease is a global health concern, with increasing morbidity and mortality. Surgical coronary artery bypass grafting has been performed on cardiopulmonary bypass for nearly four decades, with excellent long‐term durability. Beating‐heart coronary surgery has been increasing in frequency in an attempt to decrease cardiopulmonary bypass‐related morbidity. Furthermore, with increasing expertise and technology, minimally invasive and robotic techniques have been developed to enhance post‐operative recovery, patient satisfaction and cosmesis. Several clinical trials have demonstrated decreased morbidity and more rapid recovery following off‐pump, minimally invasive and robotic procedures when compared to on‐pump coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs). An equivalent extent of revascularization and medium‐term anastomotic patency has been demonstrated among all approaches. Furthermore, for a large number of patients who do not have anatomy amenable to traditional coronary revascularization, adjunctive molecular therapies may provide alternative myocardial micro‐revascularization. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making the most of what you have: managerial ability as a source of resource value creation
Authors: Holcomb Tim R. , Holmes Jr. R. Michael , Connelly Brian L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe current study investigates a central premise of the resource‐based view of the firm—that managers are a potential source of value creation for the firm. Using data from professional sports teams, we test theory regarding the effects of managerial ability, human resource stocks, and managers' actions on resource value creation. While results indicate managerial ability affects resource productivity, this effect is less pronounced with increases in the quality of firm resources. Further, we investigate the extent to which managerial actions that synchronize resource bundles account for the influence of managerial ability and resource context on a firm's performance advantage. These results contribute to our understanding of resource management and provide empirical evidence for the importance of managerial ability in the resource‐based view. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do VCs matter? the importance of owners on performance variance in start‐up firms
Authors: Fitza Markus , Matusik Sharon F. , Mosakowski Elaine 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAdding to the corporate effect literature, we study the effect of owners on firm performance in a new context, that of venture capital firms (VCs) and the start‐up firms in which they invest. After discussing the effect that VC ownership can have on start‐ups, we estimate that start‐up‐specific, owner (VC), and year effects account for significant variance in performance (26.3 percent, 11.2 percent and 3.7 percent, respectively). The effects of industry and investment stage are not statistically different from zero. We also provide an analysis that separates the owner effect into two components: a selection component—which impacts investment—and a management component—which explains significant variance in performance. By examining the owner effect in a different institutionalized form of governance—that of the start‐up and its relationship to VC owners—our study also contributes to an understanding of the ‘ownership’ effect in the strategy literature more generally. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlled Deposition of Silver Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Single‐ or Multilayer Thin Films: From Tuned Pore Filling to Selective Spatial Location of Nanometric Objects
Authors: Fuertes M. C. , Marchena M. , Marchi M. C. , Wolosiuk A. , Soler‐Illia G. J. A. A. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSilver nanoparticle assemblies are embedded within mesoporous oxide thin films by an in situ mild reduction leading to nanoparticle–mesoporous oxide thin‐film composites (NP@MOTF). A quantitative method based on X‐ray reflectivity is developed and validated with energy dispersive spectroscopy in order to assess pore filling. The use of dilute formaldehyde solutions leads to control over the formation of silver nanoparticles within mesoporous titania films. Inclusion of silver nanoparticles in mesoporous silica requires more drastic conditions. This difference in reactivity can be exploited to selectively synthesize nanoparticles in a predetermined layer of a multilayered mesoporous stack leading to complex 1D‐ordered multilayers with precise spatial location of nanometric objects. The metal oxide nanocomposites synthesized have potential applications in catalysis, optical devices, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, and metal enhancement fluorescence.
Presynaptic and postsynaptic modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission by activation of α1‐ and β‐adrenoceptors in layer V pyramidal neurons of rat cerebral cortex
Authors: Kobayashi Masayuki , Kojima Masao , Koyanagi Yuko , Adachi Kazunori , Imamura Kazuyuki , Koshikawa Noriaki 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAdrenergic agonists have different modulatory effects on excitatory synaptic transmission depending on the receptor subtypes involved. The present study examined the loci of α1‐ and β‐adrenoceptor agonists, which have opposite effects on excitatory neural transmission, involved in modulation of glutamatergic transmission in layer V pyramidal cells of rat cerebral cortex. Phenylephrine, an α1‐adrenoceptor agonist, suppressed the amplitude of AMPA receptor‐mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents evoked by repetitive electrical stimulation (eEPSCs, 10 pulses at 33 Hz). The coefficient of variation (CV) of the 1st eEPSC amplitude and paired‐pulse ratio (PPR), which were sensitive to extracellular Ca2+ concentration, were not affected by phenylephrine. Phenylephrine suppressed miniature EPSC (mEPSC) amplitude without changing its frequency. In contrast, isoproterenol, a β‐adrenoceptor agonist, strongly increased the amplitude of the 1st eEPSC compared with that of the 2nd to 10th eEPSCs, which resulted in a decrease in PPR. Isoproterenol‐induced enhancement of eEPSC amplitude was accompanied by a decrease in CV. Isoproterenol increased the frequency of mEPSCs without significant effect on amplitude. Phenylephrine suppressed inward currents evoked by puff application of glutamate, AMPA, or NMDA, whereas isoproterenol application was not accompanied by significant changes in these inward currents. These findings suggest that phenylephrine decreases eEPSCs through postsynaptic AMPA or NMDA receptors, while the effects of isoproterenol are mediated by facilitation of glutamate release from presynaptic terminals without effect on postsynaptic glutamate receptors. These two different mechanisms of modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission may improve the “signal‐to‐noise ratio” in cerebral cortex. Synapse 63:269–281, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential regulation of prodynophin, c‐fos, and serotonin transporter mRNA following withdrawal from a chronic, escalating dose regimen of D‐amphetamine
Authors: Horner Kristen A. , Noble Erika S. , Lauterbach Edward C. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSeveral lines of evidence suggest that D‐amphetamine (D‐AMPH) withdrawal induces a syndrome with symptoms similar to major depressive disorder (MDD). Upregulation of dynorphin (DYN) may underlie the symptoms of MDD and contribute to the negative emotional symptoms associated with psychostimulant withdrawal. Changes in the serotonin transporter (SERT) have also been reported in MDD, and changes in the immediate early gene c‐fos have been observed in the context of psychostimulant withdrawal. This study examined the effects of chronic, escalating doses of D‐AMPH followed by 24 h of withdrawal on the expression of prodynorphin (PD) and c‐fos mRNA in limbic regions of the brain, caudate putamen (CPu), and brainstem and SERT mRNA expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were treated three times a day for 4 days with escalating doses of D‐AMPH (1–10 mg/kg) and sacrificed 24 h after the last injection. Following 24 h of withdrawal, there was an increase in PD and c‐fos mRNA expression in the CPu and nucleus accumbens (NAc), and a decrease in PD and c‐fos expression in hippocampus and amygdala. SERT mRNA expression was decreased in the DRN, and PD mRNA expression was increased in the adjacent ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VLPAG) following D‐AMPH withdrawal. These data indicate that region‐specific changes in PD and c‐fos expression occur after withdrawal, while SERT mRNA expression is suppressed, similar to what has been reported in MDD. Alterations in PD, c‐fos, and SERT expression could contribute to the depression‐like syndrome associated with psychostimulant withdrawal. Synapse 63:257–268, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pregnancy outcome after ultrasound diagnosis of fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix
Authors: Byers B. D. , Goharkhay N. , Mateus J. , Ward K. K. , Munn M. B. , Wen T. S. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjectivesFetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein (FIUV) varix is a focal dilatation of the intra‐abdominal portion of the umbilical vein, which has been reported to be associated with intrauterine death and other anomalies. Our aim was to examine our experience with this diagnosis at a single tertiary‐care center and to correlate it with clinical outcome.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series study. Our ultrasound database was searched for all cases with a diagnosis of FIUV varix identified at our facility between 1997 and 2007. We reviewed all ultrasound examinations, maternal antenatal records, delivery records and newborns' medical records.ResultsWe identified 52 cases of FIUV among a population of approximately 68 000. Three cases of trisomy 21 were identified, all of which were accompanied by other anomalies. There was intrauterine death of one fetus with trisomy 21 at 35 weeks of gestation. We did not find an association between FIUV varix and other obstetric complications.ConclusionsThe outcome of pregnancies with FIUV varix is generally favorable. The finding of a FIUV varix should prompt the search for other anomalies, especially markers of aneuploidy. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal crown–rump length and estimation of gestational age in an ethnic Chinese population
Authors: Sahota D. S. , Leung T. Y. , Leung T. N. , Chan O. K. , Lau T. K. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo develop a sonographic dating formula based on fetal crown–rump length (CRL) in a Hong Kong Chinese population, quantify its systematic prediction error and compare its performance with established dating formulae.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of women with a spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancy and a regular menstrual cycle in the preceding 12‐month period. Ultrasound examinations were performed at gestational ages ranging from 6 to 15 + 6 weeks according to menstrual dates. The CRL of each fetus was measured three times, the mean of which was used to derive the best‐fit fractional polynomial regression model for estimation of gestational age in relation to CRL. For each fetus, the menstrual age was compared to the gestational age calculated using three established dating formulae based on CRL measurement. The mean of the differences between estimated and menstrual age was calculated for each formula.ResultsOf the 394 subjects recruited one was excluded as the pregnancy resulted in intrauterine demise. The best‐fit equation for the sonographic estimate of gestational age (GA, in days) from CRL (in mm) was GA = 26.643 + 7.822 × CRL1/2(R2 = 0.96). The mean difference between menstrual age and the predicted gestational age was 0.22 days (95% CI, − 0.14 to 0.56), which was lower than that of the three established CRL dating formulae.ConclusionWe have derived a formula suitable for the dating of naturally conceived pregnancies between 6 and 15 weeks of gestation that has no systematic prediction error (the 95% CI of mean difference between predicted and menstrual age included zero), comparing favorably with established CRL dating formulae. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An EDXRF method for determination of uranium and thorium in AHWR fuel after dissolution
Authors: Dhara Sangita , Kumar S. Sanjay , Misra N. L. , Aggarwal Suresh K. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA fast energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence (EDXRF) method requiring only microgram amounts of analytes, i.e. uranium (U) and thorium (Th), in their mixtures in solution form is described. Calibration solutions and samples covering the fuel composition range (0–5% of U in U + Th) of advanced heavy water reactor (AHWR) were prepared by mixing uranium and thorium solutions. A known fixed amount of internal standard yttrium (Y) was added to these solutions. EDXRF spectra of calibration solutions and samples were measured by taking 20 µl aliquots on 30 mm diameter filter papers, after drying, using a Rh target tube operated at 40 kV and 500 µA. Calibration plots were made by plotting U/Y, U/Th and Th/Y amount ratios against the respective intensity ratios of Th Lα, U Lα and Y Kα. In the first set, U was determined using Y as an internal standard, and for Th determination, U, thus determined, was used as an internal standard since the amounts of Th and Y were kept constant in the calibration solutions and samples.In the second set, both U and Th were varied and determined using Y as internal standard. The results of U and Th determinations showed a precision of about 3% (1s) and the results deviated from the expected values by <3% in most of the cases. This approach has an advantage that it requires only microgram amounts of sample, thus mitigating radiation hazards associated with radioactive samples as well as the amount of radioactive analytical waste generated is quite less. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Mixed‐Metal Carbonyl Complexes Containing Bridging 2‐Mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole Ligand
Authors: Ghosh Shishir , Kabir Shariff E. , Pervin Salina , Hossain G. M. Golzar , Haworth Daniel T. , Lindeman Sergey V. , Siddiquee Tasneem A. , Bennett Dennis W. , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractReaction of [Mn2(CO)10] with 2‐mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole in the presence of Me3NO at 25 °C afforded two new dimanganese complexes [Mn2(CO)6(μ‐SN2C4H5)2] (1) and [Mn2(CO)7(μ‐SN2C4H5)2] (2). Compound 1 consists of two μ‐SN2C4H5 ligands, each bound through the sulfur atom to two Mn atoms and through the nitrogen atom to one Mn atom forming a four‐membered chelate ring. Compound 2 was found to consist of one μ‐SN2C4H5 ligand in a similar bonding mode to 1 but another μ‐SN2C4H5 ligand coordinates through the sulfur atom to one Mn atom and through the nitrogen atom to another Mn atom. Compound 1 was also obtained as the only product from the reaction of [Mn2(CO)8(NCMe)2] with 2‐mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole. In contrast, a similar reaction of [Re2(CO)8(NCMe)2] with 2‐mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole led to the formation of the di‐, tri‐, and tetranuclear complexes [Re3(CO)8(μ‐CO)(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2(μ‐H)] (3), [Re4(CO)12(μ‐SN2C4H5)4] (4), and [Re2(CO)6(μ‐SN2C4H5)2] (5). Compound 3 provides a unique example of a hydrido trirhenium compound. The reaction of [Cr(CO)3(NCMe)3] and [Mo(CO)3(NCMe)3] with 1 in refluxing THF afforded the mixed metal complexes [CrMn2(CO)8(μ‐CO)2(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2] (6) and [MoMn2(CO)8(μ‐CO)2(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2] (7), respectively, in which two Mn–M (M = Mo, Cr) bonds were formed. In contrast, a similar treatment of [W(CO)3(NCMe)3] with 1 yielded two W‐Mn complexes [Mn2W(CO)8(μ‐CO)2(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2] (8) and [Mn2W(CO)7(μ‐CO)2(SN2C4H5)(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2] (9). Treatment of 1 with [Fe3(CO)12] at 70‐75 °C afforded the trinuclear mixed‐metal complex [FeMn2(CO)8(μ‐CO)(μ3‐SN2C4H5)2] (10) and the diiron side product [Fe2(CO)6(μ‐S2N2C4H5)2] (11). Compounds 6‐10 have a bent open structure of three metal atoms linked by two metal‐metal bonds and all, except 9 and 10, contain a noncrystallographic two‐fold axis of symmetry. Compound 9 is structurally similar to 8, but it contains a SN2C4H6 ligand, mono coordinated through the exocyclic sulfur atom to the W atom and a Mn–Mn bond instead of a Mn–W bond. Compound 11 comprises two bridging S2N2C4H5 ligands, which arise from the coupling of 2‐mercapto‐1‐methylimidazole with sulfur.
Temperature Influence on the Formation of Selenidoantimonates: Solvothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Thermal Properties of [Ni(dien)2]2Sb2Se6, [Mn(dien)2]2(SbSe4)(Cl), [Co(dien)2]2(SbSe4)(Br), and [Co(dien)2]3(SbSe4)2
Authors: Jin Qin‐yan , Zhu Ai‐mei , Pan Ying‐li , Jia Ding‐xian , Zhang Yong , Gu Jian‐sheng 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNew selenidoantimonats [Ni(dien)2]2Sb2Se6 (1), [Mn(dien)2]2(SbSe4)(Cl) (2), [Co(dien)2]2(SbSe4)(Br) (3), and [Co(dien)2]3(SbSe4)2 (4) (dien = diethylenetriamine) were solvothermally synthesized in dien solvent at 180 °C. The crystal structure of 1 consists of two octahedral [Ni(dien)2]2+ cations and a mixed‐valent [Sb2Se6]4− anion. The isolated [Sb2Se6]4− anion is formed by a SbIIISe3 trigonal pyramid and a SbVSe4 tetrahedron sharing a common corner. 2 and 3 are composed of octahedral [M(dien)2]2+ cations, tetrahedral [SbSe4]3− anions and halide ions forming an extended network through hydrogen‐bonding interactions. In 4 the [Co(1)(dien)2]2+, [Co(2)(dien)2]2+ and [SbSe4]3− ions form layered structures via N–H···Se hydrogen bonds. The [Co(3)(dien)2]2+ ion is located between the layers, and interacts with the layers by N–H···Se bonds. The synthesis and solid state structural studies on the title compounds show that the higher reaction temperature is helpful for the formation of selenidoantimonate(V) compounds in the synthesis of selenidoantimonate from the M2+/Sb/Se/dien system. 1–4 start to decompose at temperature about 210 °C in N2 atmosphere. They lose dien ligands at a wide temperature range of 210–450 °C with multisteps for 1–3 and a single step for 4.
New Examples of Metal Coordination Architectures of 3,3′,4,4′‐Biphenyltetracarboxylic Acid – Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Physical Properties
Authors: Liu Guang‐Xiang , Zhu Kun , Chen Hong , Huang Rong‐Yi , Ren Xiao‐Ming 
Published: December 2008

AbstractFour new metal‐organic frameworks [Cu2(2,2′‐bipy)2(ox)(H2O)2]·(H2bptc) (1), [Cu(bptc)0.5(phen)(H2O)]·H2O (2), Co2(bptc)(bmb)1.5 (3) and [Cd2(bptc) (bmb)]·3H2O (4) (H4bptc = 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, ox = oxalate, phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline, 2,2′‐bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine and bmb = 4,4′‐bis((1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl)biphenyl), were obtained by reactions of the corresponding metal salts with H4bptc and N‐containing auxiliary ligands and their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The results reveal that 1 has a 0‐D structure consisting of discrete ionic entities, while 2 features a 1‐D ladder structure. Additionally, there exist π‐π stacking and intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions in 1 and 2, respectively, forming 3‐D supramolecular structures. In 3‐4, undulating 2‐D metal‐bptc layer structures are formed with two different coordination modes of bptc carboxylate groups, respectively, which are further extended by bmb into 3‐D structures. Magnetic properties of 1 and 3 have been studied. The photoluminescence property of 4 has also been investigated. Moreover, nonlinear optical measurements showed that 4 displayed a second‐harmonic‐generation (SHG) response of 0.7 times of that for urea.
Substituted Bisphosphanylamines as Ligands in Gold(I) Chemistry – Synthesis and Structures
Authors: Wiedemann Dennis , Gamer Michael T. , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractDimethyl 5‐aminoisophthalate, which is a building block of amino‐substituted tetralactam macrocycles, was used as ligand in gold(I) chemistry to form model complexes for macrocyclic gold compounds. Reaction of dimethyl 5‐aminoisophthalate with chlorodiphenylphosphine gave the diphosphine compound dimethyl 5‐[N,N‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)amino]isophthalate (dmbpaip). This compound can further be reacted with [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) to give the dinuclear complex [Au2Cl2(dmbpaip)]. In contrast, treatment of dmbpaip with [Au(tht)2]ClO4 resulted in the ionic compound [Au2(dmbpaip)2](ClO4)2 in which the cation forms an eight‐membered Au2P4N2 heterocycle. In both gold(I) compounds Au···Au interactions are observed. All new compounds were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction.
The Structures of CrF5 and CrF5·SbF5
Authors: Shorafa Hashem , Seppelt Konrad 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCrF5 is in the solid a symmetrically cis‐fluorine bridged polymer with close to octahedral coordination at the chromium atom (a = 782.9(2), b = 753.4(2), c = 551.8(1) pm, space group Pbcm, Z = 4). In presence of SbF5 the adduct CrF5·SbF5 is formed. This is also a fluorine bridged polymer with alternating octahedral CrF6 and SbF6 units. (a = 555.2(2), b = 1026.5(3), c = 1198.6(4) pm, β = 99.475(7)°, space group P21/c, Z = 4. The fluorine bridges here are cis on Cr and trans on Sb. The fluorine bridges are highly asymmetric, which allow a description of the compound also as CrF4+SbF6−.