bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral Beam Shifts and Depolarization Upon Oblique Reflection from Dielectric Mirrors
Authors: Xiao Yuzhe , Phuttitarn Linipun , Graham Trent Michael , Wan Chenghao , Saffman Mark , Kats Mikhail A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDielectric mirrors comprising thin‐film multilayers are widely used in optical experiments because they can achieve substantially higher reflectance compared to metal mirrors. Here, potential problems are investigated that can arise when dielectric mirrors are used at oblique incidence, in particular for focused beams. It is found that light beams reflected from dielectric mirrors can experience lateral beam shifts, beam‐shape distortion, and depolarization, and these effects have a strong dependence on wavelength, incident angle, and incident polarization. Because vendors of dielectric mirrors typically do not share the particular layer structure of their products, several dielectric‐mirror stacks are designed and simulated, and then the lateral beam shift from two commercial dielectric mirrors and one coated metal mirror is also measured. This paper brings awareness of the tradeoffs between dielectric mirrors and front‐surface metal mirrors in certain optics experiments, and it is suggested that vendors of dielectric mirrors provide information about beam shifts, distortion, and depolarization when their products are used at oblique incidence.
Fluorinated Polyimide Tunneling Layer for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Liu Chunming , Yu Wei , Li Yuheng , Wang Can , Zhang Zilong , Li Chi , Liang Lusheng , Chen Kangcheng , Liu Lin , Li Tinghao , Yu Xuteng , Wang Yao , Gao Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the remarkable progress of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), challenges remain in terms of finding effective and viable strategies to enhance their long‐term stability while maintaining high efficiency. In this study, a new insulating and hydrophobic fluorinated polyimide (FPI: 6FDA‐6FAPB) was used as the interface layer between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer (HTL) in PSCs. The functional groups of FPI play a pivotal role in passivating interface defects within the device. Due to its high work function, FPI demonstrates field‐effect passivation (FEP) capabilities as an interface layer, effectively mitigating non‐radiative recombination at the interface. Notably, the FPI insulating interface layer does not impede carrier transmission at the interface, which is attributed to the presence of hole tunneling effects. The optimized PSCs achieve an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.61 % and demonstrate excellent stability, showcasing the efficacy of FPI in enhancing device performance and reliability.
Asymmetric Pd/Organoboron‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective Carbohydrate Functionalization with Alkoxyallenes Involving Noncovalent Stereocontrol
Authors: Guo Hao , Kirchhoff Jan‐Lukas , Strohmann Carsten , Grabe Bastian , Loh Charles C. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, we demonstrate the robustness of a synergistic chiral Pd/organoboron system in tackling a challenging suite of site‐, regio‐, enantio‐ and diastereoselectivity issues across a considerable palette of biologically relevant carbohydrate polyols, when prochiral alkoxyallenes were employed as electrophiles. In view of the burgeoning role of noncovalent interactions (NCIs) in stereoselective carbohydrate synthesis, our mechanistic experiments and DFT modeling of the reaction path unexpectedly revealed that NCIs such as hydrogen bonding and CH‐π interactions between the resting states of the Pd‐π‐allyl complex and the borinate saccharide are critically involved in the stereoselectivity control. Our strategy thus illuminates the untapped potential of harnessing NCIs in the context of transition metal catalysis to tackle stereoselectivity challenges in carbohydrate functionalization.
Preparation, characterization, and performance of reactive phenolphthalein poly(aryl ether sulfone) tougheners highly compatible with epoxy resin
Authors: Yan Chuan , Wang HongHua , Song LiXin , Zhou GuangYuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAiming at the problem of phase separation between thermoplastic toughener and epoxy after curing, which leads to the reduction of mechanical properties, in this paper we improve the compatibility of the two phases by introducing reactive groups into the molecular chain of thermoplastic resins, thus improving the impact strength of the epoxy system. Phenolphthalein polyether sulfone (C‐PESC) with designable and controllable carboxyl group content was prepared via SN2 nucleophilic substitution copolymerization. Further C‐PESC was evaluated for epoxy toughening, and the effects of carboxyl group content of C‐PESC on mechanical properties and thermal stability of the resin system were investigated. The results show that C‐PESC resin has good compatibility with E51 epoxy resin. Carboxyl group accelerates the dissolution rate of thermoplastic resins in epoxy and also participates in the curing reaction with epoxy to enhance the interfacial bonding ability between the toughening component and the matrix resin. The reactive toughener C‐PESC can not only improve the impact properties of E51 epoxy, but also maintain the high Tg and thermal properties of the resin system. Among them, the addition of 5 PHR of C‐PESC3 increased the impact strength of the modified resin by 45%, with uniform fracture surface and tough fracture shape.
Eugenol‐derived bio‐benzoxazine resins: Synthesis, characterization, and exceptional thermal stability
Authors: Ertas Dogan Yelda , Uyar Tamer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we succesfully synthesized bio‐benzoxazine resins using eugenol, a bio‐based phenolic compound, in combination with three distinct functional amines: ethanamine, aniline, and hexane‐1,6‐diamine. Characterization of the resulting bio‐benzoxazine resins, namely E‐ea (eugenol, ethanamine), E‐a (eugenol, aniline), and E‐dh (eugenol, hexane‐1,6‐diamine), was performed through 1H NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Thermal properties were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for both the eugenol‐derived bio‐benzoxazines (E‐ea, E‐a, E‐dh) and their corresponding polybenzoxazines (PE‐ea, PE‐a, PE‐dh). Notably, all eugenol‐based polybenzoxazines exhibited excellent thermal stability with very similar characteristics. Our findings suggest that the presence of allyl groups in eugenol promoted a more cross‐linked network structure compared to other functional groups on amines. As a result, eugenol‐derived bio‐benzoxazines demonstrated superior thermal properties, illustrated by their impressive char yields: PE‐ea; 45.6%, PE‐a; 45.1%, and PE‐dh; 44.1%.
Tin–containing Silicon Oxycarbonitride Ceramic Nanocomposites as Stable Anode for Magnesium Ion Batteries
Authors: Guo Wuqi , Wang Jun , Gurlo Aleksander , Bekheet Maged F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of magnesium ion batteries as a viable alternative to lithium–ion batteries is impeded by the lack of efficient and stable electrode materials. Here, we present the synthesis of nanocomposites of tin–containing silicon oxycarbonitride (Sn/SiOCN) as anode materials for magnesium ion batteries (MIBs). The elemental and phase composition, morphology, and surface area of the nanocomposites are assessed by several characterization techniques. The galvanostatic cycling tests indicate a substantial initial discharging capacity for the anode with 42.2 wt . % of tin. Specifically, the first discharging capacities are 489.9 mA/g, 172.9 mA/g, and 136.6 mA/g at current densities of 0.5 mA/g, 50 mA/g, and 500 mA/g, respectively. After 100 cycles at a current density of 500 mA/g, the anode containing 33.8 wt % of tin exhibits a reversible capacity of 101.8 mAh/g and a remarkable rate performance efficiency of 76.5 %. Increasing tin content in the electrode materials increases the battery performance by decreasing electrode impedance and thus facilitating Mg2+ diffusion, as revealed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Ex situ XRD and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations following the magnesiation–demagnesiation process confirm the storage of reversible storage of Mg2+ ions in Sn/SiOCN electrode through incorporation in the SiOCN network and alloying/dealloying process involving Mg−Mg2Sn−Mg.
ZnO Substitution in Argyrodite Li5.5+3xZnxP1‐xOxS4.5‐xBr1.5 Electrolyte with Enhanced Interface Performance for All‐Solid‐State Battery
Authors: Lin Xizhong , Li Dabing , Li Yaru , Zhao Xiaoxue , Li Yang , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArgyrodite sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) have been attracting more concentration in ionic conductivity, crystal structure, and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, shortcomings of SSEs like poor air‐vapor stability and interface reactions limit the wider application in batteries. Herein, a double‐element ZnO substitution strategy is applied to enhancing Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5 Argyrodite electrolyte structure stability and property, Li5.5PS4.5Br1.5 electrolyte with a small amount of ZnO substitution to P and S. Li5.5+3xZnxP1‐xOxS4.5‐xBr1.5 solid electrolytes have achieved improved performance, interface composition also has changed, and crystal structure is becoming more stable. Specifically, LPSBr1.5‐4 %ZnO exhibits the most promising comprehensive properties, more expanded lithium pathway and crystal cell size, 2.25 mS cm−1 ionic conductivity at 25 °C, 65 % electronic conductivity decline, and air stability enhancement. Moreover, LPSBr1.5‐4 %ZnO show decent lithium compatibility and dendrite suppression capability, LPSBr1.5‐4 %ZnO can continue cycling for more than 800 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 in Li symmetric cell, and critical current density has reached 1.4 mA cm−2. More importantly, an all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) with LPSBr1.5‐4 %ZnO electrolyte can cycle with 130 mAh g−1 capacity and more than 120 cycles in LiCoO2|SSE|In‐Li cell. Our work might provide a strategy to promote structure stability and electrochemical durability, and how element substitution affects ionic transport pathway and crystal structure.
Fc engineered anti‐virus therapeutic human IgG1 expressed in plants with altered binding to the neonatal Fc receptor
Authors: Park Sol‐Ah , Lee Yoonji , Hwang Hyunjoo , Lee Jeong Hwan , Kang Yang Joo , Kim Yerin , Jin Caiquan , An Hyun Joo , Oh Yoo Jin , Hinterdorfer Peter , Kim Eunhye , Choi Sun , Ko Kisung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProduction of therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) in transgenic plants has several advantages such as large‐scale production and the absence of pathogenic animal contaminants. However, mAb with high mannose (HM) type glycans has shown a faster clearance compared to antibodies produced in animal cells. The neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) regulates the persistence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) by the FcRn‐mediated recycling pathway, which salvages IgG from lysosomal degradation within cells. In this study, Fc‐engineering of antirabies virus therapeutic mAb SO57 with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐retention peptide signal (Lys‐Asp‐Glu‐Leu; KDEL) (mAbpK SO57) in plant cell was conducted to enhance its binding activity to human neonatal Fc receptor (hFcRn), consequently improve its serum half‐life. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Surface plasmon resonance assay showed altered binding affinity of the Fc region of three different mAbpK SO57 variants [M252Y/S254T/T256E (MST), M428L/N434S (MN), H433K/N434F (HN)] to hFcRn compared to wild type (WT) of mAbpK SO57. Molecular modeling data visualized the structural alterations in these mAbpK SO57. All of the mAbpK SO57 variants had HM type glycan structures similar to the WT mAbpK SO57. In addition, the neutralizing activity of the three variants against the rabies virus CVS‐11 was effective as the WT mAbpK SO57. These results indicate that the binding affinity of mAbpK SO57 variants to hFcRn can be modified without alteration of N‐glycan structure and neutralization activity. Taken together, this study suggests that Fc‐engineering of antirabies virus mAb can be applied to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic mAbs in plant expression systems.
Disclosure of parental physical abuse: Patterns in disclosure attempts among Norwegian teenagers
Authors: Skoland Kathrine , Studsrød Ingunn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, Norwegian authorities have intensified their efforts to prevent and prosecute domestic violence while prioritising the protection of victims, with initiatives such as action plans, strategic measures and various programmes, with a particular focus on children. Despite increased awareness of violence towards children, a significant portion still goes unreported. Our study aims to examine patterns in disclosure attempts among Norwegian teenagers. We studied 11,615 teenagers from the Local Youth Survey between 2014 and 2016 who confirmed experiencing physical violence from an adult family member. Our findings indicate that, among those who did try to disclose, informal confidants like parents or friends, rather than school employees, were the preferred choices. When examining the factors that influence the likelihood of attempting to disclose, we observed that the frequency of violence played a significant role in explaining variation. The likelihood of attempting disclosure was also higher among girls and among those with a low socioeconomic background. Part of this pattern was confirmed also when studying the subgroup that had tried to disclose: the probability of attempting to tell a school employee was higher among those who had a low socioeconomic background and was exposed to violence more frequently. In this subgroup, however, no significant gender differences were observed.
Antioxidant and in vitro cosmeceutical activities of germinated oats
Authors: Lee Seo‐Hee , Kye Su‐Bin , Lim Seung‐Taik , Oh Su‐Jin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOat (Avena sativa L.) is well known for its biofunctional properties, primarily attributed to cereal phytochemicals. Germination may amplify the formation of secondary metabolites in oat, enhancing its nutritional and bioactive quality. Despite this, the impact of germination of oat on skin health remains unknown. This study investigated how germination influences the in vitro antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory activity related to skin health (tyrosinase and elastase).FindingsOat was germinated at 25°C for 6 days, and the germinated samples were collected every 2 days. The samples were then divided into kernel and radicle (including germ) fractions for analysis. The radicle fraction exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical scavenging) and in vitro cosmeceutical activity compared to the whole kernel. Phenolic acids were identified to be responsible for the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition at all germination times, whereas phytosterols including β‐sitosterol played the key role in elastase inhibition. Avenanthramides, synthesized during oat germination, were proved to be crucial in inhibiting the enzymes deteriorating skin health.ConclusionsThis study revealed that germination, as a bioconversion process, enhanced antioxidant activity and cosmeceutical activity of oat by inhibiting the key enzymes responsible for skin aging. However, further research is imperative to fully comprehend the roles and mechanisms of these substances produced during germination.Significance and NoveltyThis study revealed the impacts of germination with cereals, offering valuable insights into the strategies for future investigations in the field of skin health and bioactive cereal compounds.
Active Sites Formed on InVO4/Co3O4 S‐Scheme Heterostructure for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Zhang Jiqiao , Jin Zhiliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe reasonable design of S‐scheme heterojunction to avoid unwanted charge transfer paths in hybrid semiconductors is considered to be an attractive method to obtain efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of the system was improved by loading ultra‐thin InVO4 nanosheets on the surface of hollow cube Co3O4 to form an S‐scheme heterojunction. Benefiting from the unique nano‐cage structure derived from the zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF) series, it not only provides a good carrier for activating and stabilizing InVO4 nanosheets but also effectively avoids the masking of active sites caused by self‐agglomeration, which is more conducive to the exposure of more active sites. In the presence of sensitizer and sacrificial reagent, the optimized InVO4/Co3O4 has a more competitive H2 production, which is undoubtedly due to the construction of S‐scheme heterojunctions and unique spatial structure that facilitates the spatial separation of photoexcited charges. It is further confirmed that the photogenerated carrier transfer follows the S‐scheme mechanism by in‐situ irradiation XPS test.
Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications of Noble Metal Chalcogenides Nanomaterials
Authors: Hu Zhenya , Huang Li , Xu Lin , Liu Hui , Tian Shaonan , Yang Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this review, we first focus on summarizing recent advances in effective and facile strategies for the ration synthesis of noble metal chalcogenide nanomaterials (NMCNs), and then, we systematically introduce their applications in catalyzing typical electrochemical reactions. Finally, we make some perspectives on the challenges for using NMCNs in electrocatalysis with respect to further enhancement of their electrocatalytic performance.
BUCKLING CURVE CALIBRATION FOR STEEL I‐BEAMS WITH SEQUENTIAL WEB OPENINGS CONSIDERING RANDOM INITIAL IMPERFECTIONS
Authors: de Carvalho Adriano Silva , Rossi Alexandre , Humberto Martins Carlos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSteel beams with sequential web openings present benefits compared to plain webbed sections, especially higher bending stiffness. However, openings can affect structural behavior, requiring modifications to verification methods. In this study, a new proposal was developed to verify steel profiles with sequential web openings, based on Eurocode 3. The calculation leads to the determination of the reduction in the resistant capacity of the section due to instabilities based on an imperfection factor related to the characteristic process of manufacturing these profiles. For this, an extensive numerical study was carried out, considering random distributions of residual stresses based on experimental data.
STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT OF COMPOSITE HIGHWAY BRIDGES CONSIDERING VEHICLE‐BRIDGE DYNAMIC INTERACTION
Authors: da Silva Ana Célia Soares , Alencar Guilherme Santana , da Silva José Guilherme Santos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver time, as the bridge deck pavement deterioration process increases, the calculated vertical translational displacements and stresses are higher. In this context, the chances of mechanical failure occurrence increase and may cause limitation in the service life of steel and composite (steel‐concrete) bridges. Thus, the current work presents a methodology for fatigue analysis developed by the authors through the years. The methodology is devoted specifically for the assessment of composite bridges employing the hot‐spot local S‐N approach and a coupled vehicle‐pavement‐bridge system considering progressive pavement deterioration with stochastically generated roughness profiles.
NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE WEB PANEL COMPONENT
Authors: Freire F. , Aguiar J. , Santos A. F. , Ljubinkovic F. , Conde J. , da Silva L. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe column web panel is a fundamental component of beam‐column joints. This component has been thoroughly studied and codified in the past. In this paper, new insight on its behaviour is obtained using a large amount of high‐quality Finite Element (FE) models, covering a wide range of panel slenderness and aspect ratios. The study shows that the existing models in part 1‐8 of the current and forthcoming Eurocode 3 present a wide scatter in terms of resistance and stiffness, being unconservative in some specific cases.
RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF STEEL PORTAL FRAMES USING GAN FOR GENERATING SYNTHETIC DATA SAMPLE
Authors: Ljubinković F. , Janković M. , Gervásio H. , da Silva L. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the challenge of reliability estimation in structural engineering, where determining failure probabilities is often uncertain due to insufficient characterization of randomness and scale of design problems. Current approaches, like EN 1990, lack sufficient data for research and simulations, particularly for low failure probabilities (around 10‐4), making Monte Carlo simulations less accurate. The paper introduces Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) as a solution to generate synthetic data to supplement existing examples. The study applies GANs to assess the reliability of steel portal‐framed industrial buildings and evaluate the safety of this structural solution according to Eurocodes.
STRUCTURAL FIRE ENGINEERING ON HERITAGE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS. STRUCTURAL MEASURES TO GUARANTEE THEIR PERFORMANCE
Authors: Cerdeiriña Roberto , Vigne Gabriele , Jönsson Jimmy , Torres Alejandro , Bartolini Andrea , Lombini Enrico 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIndustrial Architecture and their associated engineering structures have a clear objective. They need to be designed and constructed to allow for a product production independently of their nature. In the early XX century German Architecture, especially with the “Bauhaus” movement and others, such as Pier Luigi Nervi in Italy, provided a great impulse to the concept of Industrial Architecture constituting pieces of art. Today, we find examples of industrial buildings that are excellently preserved, and the management of their changing flexibility demand generate engineering judgement to accommodate new “production options” with a safe performance.
MODULAR DESIGN: ACTIONS DURING OCEAN TRANSPORTATION
Authors: Romo‐Leroux Ivan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper focusses on a code analysis of the main industry codes used to determine the actions during ocean transportation for a modular design project. The scope of this study is for default motion cases on unrestricted weather conditions. The main industry codes are the Noble Denton (DNV) guidelines which are used in conjunction with the offshore ISO codes. This paper offers a comparison between the approaches given for the allowable stress design (ASD) and the load factor design (LRFD) according the DNV guidelines. This paper also offers a reference to the Eurocodes in regard to the terminology used and its level of reliability. This study also includes a worked example and a sensitivity analysis based on the type of vessel.
Synthesis of Peptides by Reactive Extrusion. Application to the Continuous and Solventless Preparation of Aspartame.
Authors: Mohy El‐Dine Tharwat , Lavayssiere Matthieu , Adihou Hélène , Subra Gilles , Métro Thomas‐Xavier , Ludemann‐Hombourger Olivier , Lamaty Frédéric 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe solventless synthesis of peptides from unactivated amino acids was optimized in a twin‐screw extruder (TSE). The general method enabled the preparation of dipeptides and tripeptides with no epimerization. This flow mechanochemistry approach was applied to the synthesis of aspartame, a synthetic dipeptide, prepared in a continuous mode on large scale and with high productivity.