bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Trust, Intellectual Property and Human Genetic Databanks: The Need to Take Benefit Sharing Seriously
Authors: Nicol Dianne 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe last decade or so has seen major advances in two key areas of biomedicine: new genetic technologies, including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and the like; and stem cell technology. Both are touted as offering much promise in terms of our understanding of basic biological process and in the translation of this basic science into mainstream medical practice. But in both areas much further research must be done to realise this promise, and this hinges on the appropriate and adequate supply of essential research tools, particularly human tissue, human cells and human genetic information, which are referred to collectively here as
Recent Landmark Changes in Japanese Biotechnology & University Patenting (Part I)
Authors: Tessensohn John A , Yamamoto Shusaku 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThis article will discuss the recent landmark policy reforms to Japan's university, intellectual property, science & technology, and biotechnology policy environments which seek to jump-start Japan's underperforming biotechnology sector by encouraging Japanese universities to patent and transfer the fruits of their research to industry or venture startups. If academic researchers at Japanese universities publish their research prior to filing patent applications, in view of their unfamiliarity with patent law, such publications will not destroy all Japanese patent rights in view of Japan's novelty grace period and the designation of several universities to enjoy such grace period benefits. The article concludes that these landmark changes could serve to positively transform Japan's biotechnology sector.
Local geometry of orbits for an ordinary classical lie supergroup
Authors: Przebinda Tomasz 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
In this paper we identify a real reductive dual pair of Roger Howe with an Ordinary Classical Lie supergroup. In these terms we describe the semisimple orbits of the dual pair in the symplectic space, a slice through a semisimple element of the symplectic space, an analog of a Cartan subalgebra, the corresponding Weyl group and the corresponding Weyl integration formula.
On the periodicity of trigonometric functions generalized to quotient rings of R[x]
Authors: Gauthier Claude 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
We apply a method of Euler to algebraic extensions of sets of numbers with compound additive inverse which can be seen as quotient rings of R[x]. This allows us to evaluate a generalization of Riemann’s zeta function in terms of the period of a function which generalizes the function sin z. It follows that the functions generalizing the trigonometric functions on these sets of numbers are not periodic.
Non functorial cylinders in a model category
Authors: García-Calcines J. , García-Díaz P. , Rodríguez-Machín S. 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
Taking cylinder objects, as defined in a model category, we consider a cylinder construction in a cofibration category, which provides a reformulation of relative homotopy in the sense of Baues. Although this cylinder is not a functor we show that it verifies a list of properties which are very closed to those of an I-category (or category with a natural cylinder functor). Considering these new properties, we also give an alternative description of Baues’ relative homotopy groupoids.
Cauchy, Ferrers-Jackson and Chebyshev polynomials and identities for the powers of elements of some conjugate recurrence sequences
Authors: Wituła Roman , Słota Damian 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
In this paper some decompositions of Cauchy polynomials, Ferrers-Jackson polynomials and polynomials of the form x
2n
+ y
2n
, n ∈ ℕ, are studied. These decompositions are used to generate the identities for powers of Fibonacci and Lucas numbers as well as for powers of the so called conjugate recurrence sequences. Also, some new identities for Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind are presented here.
Selected elements of psychical health among 40-year-old persons
Authors: Maksymiuk Tomasz 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
The psychical health of 40-year-old inhabitants of the City and the (former) Province of Poznan, Poland were examined as part of a larger research project on their general state of health. The study focused on the incidence of past psychical disorders among the subjects themselves, their parents, their siblings, and their children. The perceptions of the study group with respect to their own emotional frame of mind and duration of sleep and its quality were also analyzed. The results indicate a generally favorable state of psychical health for the studied group within the measured categories.
The relationship between features of metabolic syndrome and blood adipocytokine concentrations in the morbid obese patients during dynamic weight loss
Authors: Jankiewicz-Wika Joanna , Kołomecki Krzysztof , Cywiński Jacek , Piestrzeniewicz Katarzyna , Stępień Henryk , Komorowski Jan 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
Bariatric surgery is the most effective method to achieve weight loss in obese subjects.
The aim of this study was to evaluate some adipocytokines and insulin, as well as parameters of metabolic syndrome of the obese patients, for three and six months after vertical banded gastroplasty, in the time of dynamic weight loss.
Seven males and two females aged 28 to 49 years, with long lasting simple obesity and the presence of metabolic syndrome, were studied. After surgical treatment the values of the body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood concentrations of leptin decreased significantly.
Before surgical operation of all obese patients no statistically significant correlations between studied parameters were noted. Three and six months later a lot of correlations between studied parameters appeared.
In conclusion, (a) vertical-banded gastroplasty is a valuable method in treatment of obese subjects, leading to a significant decrease in body weight and improvement in some parameters of metabolic syndrome in a few months after surgery, (b) adipocytokines, together with an unknown gastric factor, may be key factors in the control of some features of the metabolic syndrome.
Student scientific activity at the Bratislava medical faculty 2000–2004. A scientometric study
Authors: Celec Peter , Hodosy Július 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
Students at the Bratislava medical faculty interested in research can participate voluntarily in a student scientific activity (SSA). Currently, the scientific activity is measured by the quantity and quality of publications and these scientometric parameters are important for grant evaluations as well as for individual careers. In this study, we evaluate the publication successes of SSA papers presented at the SSA conference (SSAC) of Faculty of medicine in Bratislava during the last five years. Names of the first authors of works presented at the SSAC in 2000–2004 were searched in PubMed/Medline and in Thomson ISI Web of Science/Current Contents (CC) in January 2005. Only titles of full text publications (not abstracts) similar to those presented at the SSAC were counted and further analyzed. Publication points were counted according to the currently valid PhD credit system at the Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava. A total of 141 students scientific activity works were presented during a five-year period, with a total of 4 domestic non-CC, 11 foreign non-CC and 9 foreign CC publications, with cumulative impact factor 10,6 and total publication points of 641,2. Publication points gradually increased during the years 2000–2003. In conclusion, medical student research activity can significantly influence the publication output of our medical faculty and should, thus, be further supported. The SSA will probably gain even more importance after the introduction of a mandatory diploma thesis, moreover, if we take into account the increasing significance of evaluations based on scientometric parameters.
Is radiocontrast-induced nephropathy avoidable? The scientific evidence in 2006
Authors: Gusbeth-Tatomir Paul , Ardeleanu Serban , Covic Adrian 
Published: June 2006

Abstract
Due to the wide use of radiocontrast agents (RCA) in modern radiology and interventional cardiology, the incidence of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy (RCIN) is increasing. The risk factors for RCIN are primarily pre-existing (even mild) renal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, absolute or relative hypovolemia, nephrotoxic drugs, etc., particularly in elderly patients. The presence of these risk factors seems to be more important than the type of contrast agent used. To date, there are several certainties and controversies in the prevention of RCIN. Hydration with normal saline and/or bicarbonate administration pre-and post-intervention is certainly useful. Though controversial, N-Acetylcysteine administration may be still advisable. Recent investigations showed the benefits of aminophylline/theophylline administration in RCA-induced renal tubular toxicity. Conventional hemodialysis cannot prevent RCIN, but may potentially aggravate renal dysfunction through hemodynamic instability. “High-flux” hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration may contribute efficiently to RCIN prevention, but systematic use of these modern dialysis techniques is limited by high costs and availability. The authors review — in a systematic manner, and in the perspective of evidence-based medicine — the most important data from literature concerning the prevention of RCIN.
Dibenzothiophene/Oxide and Quinoxaline/Pyrazine Derivatives Serving as Electron‐Transport Materials
Authors: Huang T.‐H. , Whang W.‐T. , Shen J. Y. , Wen Y.‐S. , Lin J. T. , Ke T.‐H. , Chen L.‐Y. , Wu C.‐C. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA series of 2,8‐disubstituted dibenzothiophene and 2,8‐disubstituted dibenzothiophene‐S,S‐dioxide derivatives containing quinoxaline and pyrazine moieties are synthesized via three key steps: i) palladium‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction to form dialkynes; ii) conversion of the dialkynes to diones; and iii) condensation of the diones with diamines. Single‐crystal characterization of 2,8‐di(6,7‐dimethyl‐3‐phenyl‐2‐quinoxalinyl)‐5H‐5λ6‐dibenzo[b,d]thiophene‐5,5‐dione indicates a triclinic crystal structure with space group P1 and a non‐coplanar structure. These new materials are amorphous, with glass‐transition temperatures ranging from 132 to 194 °C. The compounds (Cpd) exhibit high electron mobilities and serve as effective electron‐transport materials for organic light‐emitting devices. Double‐layer devices are fabricated with the structure indium tin oxide (ITO)/Qn/Cpd/LiF/Al, where yellow‐emitting 2,3‐bis[4‐(N‐phenyl‐9‐ethyl‐3‐carbazolylamino)phenyl]quinoxaline (Qn) serves as the emitting layer. An external quantum efficiency of 1.41 %, a power efficiency of 4.94 lm W–1, and a current efficiency of 1.62 cd A–1 are achieved at a current density of 100 mA cm–2.
Generation of Self‐Assembled 3D Mesostructured SnO2 Thin Films with Highly Crystalline Frameworks
Authors: Brezesinski T. , Fischer A. , Iimura K.‐i. , Sanchez C. , Grosso D. , Antonietti M. , Smarsly B. M. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractCrack‐free, mesoporous SnO2 films with highly crystalline pore walls are obtained by evaporation‐induced self‐assembly using a novel amphiphilic block‐copolymer template (“KLE” type, poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide)), which leads to well‐defined arrays of contracted spherical mesopores by suitable heat‐treatment procedures. Because of the improved templating properties of these polymers, a facile heat‐treatment procedure can be applied whilst keeping the mesoscopic order intact up to 600–650 °C. The formation mechanism and the mesostructural evolution are investigated by various state‐of‐the‐art techniques, particularly by a specially constructed 2D small‐angle X‐ray scattering setup. It is found that the main benefit from the polymers is the formation of an ordered mesostructure under the drastic conditions of using molecular Sn precursors (SnCl4), taking advantage of the large segregation strength of these amphiphiles. Furthermore, it is found that the crystallization mechanism is different from other mesostructured metal oxides such as TiO2. In the case of SnO2, a significant degree of crystallization (induced by heat treatment) already starts at quite low temperatures, 250–300 °C. Therefore, this study provides a better understanding of the general parameters governing the preparation of mesoporous metal oxides films with crystalline pore walls.
Linear Sweep Voltammetric Studies on the Interaction of Brilliant Cresyl Blue With Nucleic Acids and its Analytical Application
Authors: Sun Wei , You Jiayu , Gong Chaokun , Jiao Kui 
Published: June 2006

AbstractIn this paper, the interaction of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) with nucleic acids was studied and further applied for the microdetermination of nucleic acids. In aqueous Britton‐Robinson (B‐R) buffer solution, BCB can be easily reduced on the hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and had a sensitive voltammetric reduction peak at −0.09 V (vs. SCE). The reduction peak current of BCB could be greatly decreased by the addition of DNA. The results of voltammetric measurements had indicated that a binding reaction was occurred between BCB and DNA and a new supramolecular complex was formed, which resulted in the decrease of the diffusion coefficient of the reaction solution and the decrease of the reduction peak current correspondingly. The conditions of interaction and the electrochemical detection were carefully investigated. Under the selected conditions, the calibration curves for the detection of fish sperm (fs)DNA, calf thymus (ct)DNA and yeast (y)RNA were established. The linear range of this assay was 1.0‐30.0 μg/mL for fsDNA, 1.0‐45.0 μg/mL for ctDNA and 1.0‐25.0 μg/mL for yRNA, respectively. The detection limits were 0.38 μg/mL fsDNA, 0.43 μg/mL ctDNA, 0.64 μg/mL yRNA. The interaction parameters such as the equilibrium constant and the binding number were calculated by electrochemical method. The results showed that the 2:3 type of complex was formed in the fsDNA‐BCB complex with the binding constant as 2.51×107. The proposed method was further applied to the synthetic samples determination with satisfactory results.
Rapid Separation and Analysis of Six Organic Acids in Bayer Liquors by RP‐HPLC after Solid‐Phase Extraction
Authors: Xiao Jian Bo , Chen Xiao Qing , Jiang Xin Yu , Wu Sheng De 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA rapid revised phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic (RP‐HPLC) method for the determination of six organic acids in Bayer liquors is reported. Oxalic, tartaric, acetic, succinic, glutaric and butene dicarboxylic acid were separated and quantified in 10 min. First time repeatability, reproducibility and recoveries were determined out for these acids in Bayer liquors. The organic acids were removed from Bayer liquor by using a solid‐phase extraction procedure with anion‐exchange cartridges. The chromatographic separation was achieved with only one Kromasil RP‐C18 column thermo stated at 25 °C. Organic acids were detected with a UV–vis detector (215 nm). The precision results showed that the relative standard deviations of the repeatability and reproducibility were <2.80% and <3.74%, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed with an average recovery ranging between 85.2 and 107.3%. Under optimum conditions the detection limits ranged from 50 to 1000 mg/L.
Cover Picture: Multipotent Polymer Coatings Based on Chemical Vapor Deposition Copolymerization (Adv. Mater. 12/2006)
Authors: Elkasabi Y. , Chen H.‐Y. , Lahann J. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractThe cover shows that chemical vapor deposition can be used to prepare copolymer thin films, on varying substrates, that can bind two different ligands with high selectivity. In work reported by Lahann and co‐workers on p. 1521, the actual ligand ratios on the surface can be controlled by varying the copolymer composition. This technology may find applications in biomedical devices, high‐throughput screening platforms, microfluidic analysis devices, and diagnostic platforms.
Inside Front Cover: Nanoscale Surface Morphology and Rectifying Behavior of a Bulk Single‐Crystal Organic Semiconductor (Adv. Mater. 12/2006)
Authors: Menard E. , Marchenko A. , Podzorov V. , Gershenson M. E. , Fichou D. , Rogers J. A. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractLocal surface measurements of rubrene single crystals reveal interesting insights on carrier‐transport mechanisms at the active interface of high‐performance field‐effect “air‐gap stamp” transistors, as reported by Fichou, Rogers, and co‐workers on p. 1552. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM, tip shown schematically) images, combined with atomic force microscopy and X‐ray diffraction, reveal directly the position and orientation of individual molecules in the a–b plane. Local current–voltage curves recorded using STM in the dark and under illumination indicate a rectifying p‐type behavior.
Nylon 6/CB polymeric conductive plastic bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells
Authors: Chen Chao‐Kuang , Kuo Jenn‐Kun 
Published: June 2006

AbstractBipolar plate materials are a potential alternative to the graphite sheets currently used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). These materials must be of low‐cost, easy to fabricate, light, strong, mechanically stable, and have a low surface contact resistance if they are to be widely applicable. Nylon 6 polymer thermoplastic and carbon black (CB, 100–600 nm) blends have nanoparticle carbon (30–50 nm), high electrical and thermal conductivity, and good gas tightness properties. These composites are suitable for the mass fabrication of bipolar plates using an injection molding process. In this study, various Nylon 6/CB composites are used to fabricate bipolar‐parallel‐plate gas‐flow channel. The bipolar plates are fabricated with three different gas flow channel configurations, namely serpentine, grid, and branch. The bipolar plates are then used in the construction of PEMFCs. The temperature effect on the resistivity of the Nylon 6/CB polymeric composite is investigated and the voltage–current curves and power density–current curves obtained from the different PEMFCs are analyzed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3415–3421, 2006
Effect of charge density, molecular weight, and hydrophobicity on polycations adsorption and flocculation of polystyrene latices and silica
Authors: Schwarz S. , Bratskaya S. , Jaeger W. , Paulke B.‐R. 
Published: June 2006

AbstractAdsorption and flocculation behavior of two series of synthetic polycations was investigated in dispersions of silica and polystyrene latices with various particle size and surface charge densities. Polycations of the first series (polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride‐PDADMAC) varied in molecular weight only, while polycations of the second series (derivatives of polymethacrylic acid) varied in both molecular weight and hydrophobicity. We have found that maximum adsorbed amount of high molecular weight PDADMAC on latex particles was nearly independent of the surface charge density when the particle size was comparable to the polymer coil dimensions in solution. Both low and high molecular weight PDADMACs were efficient flocculants, although significantly lower amounts of high molecular weight polyelectrolyte were required for the phase separation in the dispersions due to particles aggregation through “charge patch” mechanism. The increase of polymer hydrophobicity leads to higher adsorbed amounts and broadening of flocculation window by polycations of the second series on both substrates. However, no strong enhancement of segment–surface interactions on hydrophobic substrates was observed. Since formation of multilayers upon adsorption was also excluded, the difference in adsorption and flocculation behavior was related to the more compact conformation of hydrophobically associating derivatives in solution and at the interface. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3422–3429, 2006
Synthesis and characterization of fluorine and nitrile containing polyimides
Authors: Raju M. Padmanabha , Alam Sarfaraz 
Published: June 2006

AbstractA series of polyimides were synthesized from new diamine, Bis [4,4′‐amino‐5,5′ trifluoromethyl phenoxy‐(hexafluoro isopropylidine) phenoxy phenyl] benzonitrile [BATFB] and various aromatic tetracarboxylic anhydrides by thermal and chemical imidization routes. The BATFB was synthesized in two steps by nucleophilic displacement reaction of 2,6‐dichloro benzonitrile, 4,4′‐(hexafluoro isopropylidine) diphenol and 2‐amino‐5‐fluoro benzotrifluoride in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in N,N′‐dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) and the structure was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and CHNSO analyzer. The polymers were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and thermal analysis were performed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The prepared polyimides had glass transition temperatures between 230 and 290°C and their 10% weight loss were recorded in the range 550–590°C in N2 atmosphere. Majority of polymers are found to be soluble in most of the organic solvents such as DMSO, DMF, DMAc, m‐cresol, and THF even at room temperature and few becomes soluble on heating. The prepared polyimides showed water uptake values 0.34–0.54 wt % at room temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3455–3461, 2006
Binding behavior of Fe3+ ions on ion‐imprinted polymeric beads for analytical applications
Authors: Saatçılar Özgen , Şatıroğlu Nuray , Say Rıdvan , Bektas̨ Sema , Denizli Adil 
Published: June 2006

AbstractWe used a molecular imprinting approach to achieve specific metal binding utilizing N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐cysteine methyl ester (MAC) as a metal‐complexing ligand. MAC was synthesized using methacryloyl chloride and cysteine methyl ester. Then, Fe3+ was complexed with MAC monomer. Fe3+‐imprinted poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐cysteine methyl ester) [poly(HEMA‐MAC)] beads with average size of 63–140 μm were produced by suspension polymerization. After that, the template ions (i.e. Fe3+ ions) were removed by 0.1M HCl. Fe3+‐imprinted beads were characterized by swelling studies, FTIR, and elemental analysis. The Fe3+‐imprinted beads with a swelling ratio of 72%, and containing 3.9 mmol MAC/g were used in the binding of Fe3+ ions from aqueous solutions, tap water, certified reference serum sample, and real serum sample. Maximum binding capacity, optimum pH, and equilibrium binding time were 107 μmol/g, pH 3.0, and 30 min, respectively. It was observed that even in the presence of other ions, Fe3+‐imprinted beads selectively bound Fe3+ ions with 97% efficiency. Removal of Fe3+ ions from certified reference serum sample was approximately found to be 33%. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3520–3528, 2006
Synthesis of polymeric nanofiber and polymeric nanosphere by living free radical polymerization
Authors: Lee Jou‐Hwa , Liao Yih‐Tyan 
Published: June 2006

AbstractLiving free radical polymerizations are employed to synthesize the polystyrene copolymer. The applications of those copolymer in nanomaterials are elucidated in this research. It involves the copolymerization of styrene with 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate. The copolymers are reacted with cinnamoyl chloride, and then irradiated with UV light. The polymeric nanofibers are formed by solvent splitting. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3550–3558, 2006