bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves Al‐MSU‐S Using Ionic Liquids as Template
Authors: Yu Xin‐Yu , Liu Cai‐Hua , Yang Jian‐Guo , Wu Hai‐Hong , Wu Peng , He Ming‐Yuan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMesoporous molecular sieves Al‐MSU‐S has been prepared from the precursor of zeolite Y using ionic liquids 1‐hexadecane‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide (CMIMB) as a template in basic medium, which exhibited larger pore diameter, pore volume and surface area than that synthesized using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) template.
Investigation of Antibacterial Activity of Two Kinds of Novel Schiff Bases on Escherichia coli by Microcalorimetry
Authors: Zhu Jun‐Cheng , Liu Yi , Wong Wai‐Kwok , Zhou Bo , Yin Jun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe microcalorimetric method was used to study the antibacterial activity of two newly synthesized Schiff base compounds (H2L3′ and H2L3) on Escherichia coli, trying to obtain the action on both of multiplying bacteria and non‐multiplying bacteria at one experiment. The metabolic power‐time curves of the bacteria treated with the compounds were obtained, and the thermokinetic parameters were analyzed, from which the antibacterial activities of these compounds were evaluated. The results showed that both of the two compounds have good activity on aerobic multiplying metabolism of E. coli, with the value of IC50 75.8 and 168.8 mg/L respectively, but have not effective action on fermentation metabolism of E. coli. The action of the compounds on the non‐multiplying metabolism was investigated by taking the heat output of E. coli in the stationary phase as the guideline of the activity. The value of MSC50 (minimum stationary‐cidal concentration 50) of them is 118 and 187.5 mg/L, respectively. So, H2L3′ has stronger antibacterial action on E. coli than H2L3 either for multiplying bacteria or non‐multiplying bacteria, and their activity on the aerobic multiplying bacteria of E. coli is mainly shown. It does strongly suggest that the calorimetric method should play an important role in the fight against the drug‐resistant bacteria.
Thermodynamic Properties of the Azeotropic Mixture of Acetone, Cyclohexane and Methanol
Authors: Wang Xiu‐Rong , Nan Zhao‐Dong , Tan Zhi‐Cheng 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMolar heat capacities of the pure samples of acetone, methanol and the azeotropic mixture composed of acetone, cyclohexane and methanol were measured by an adiabatic calorimeter from 78 to 320 K. The solid‐solid and solid‐liquid phase transitions of the pure samples and the mixture were determined based on the curve of the heat capacity with respect to temperature. The phase transitions took place at (126.16±0.68) and (178.96±1.47) K for the sample of acetone, (157.79±0.95) and (175.93±0.95) K for methanol, which were corresponding to the solid‐solid and the solid‐liquid phase transitions of the acetone and the methanol, respectively. And the phase transitions occurred in the temperature ranges of 120 to 190 K and 278 to 280 K corresponding to the solid‐solid and the solid‐liquid phase transitions of mixture of acetone, cyclohexane and methanol, respectively. The thermodynamic functions and the excess thermodynamic functions of the mixture relative to standard temperature of 298.15 K were derived based on the relationships of the thermodynamic functions and the function of the measured heat capacity with respect to temperature.
Investigation of Surface Tensions for Pure Fluids outside and inside the Critical Region
Authors: Fu Dong 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn equation of state (EOS) applicable for both the uniform and non‐uniform fluids was established by using the density‐gradient expansion, in which the influence parameter κ[ρ(r),T] was obtained by the use of direct correlation function. The density functional theory (DFT) provides a framework under which both the phase equilibria and interfacial properties can be investigated within a single set of molecular parameters. The phase equilibria inside the critical region can be improved by the renormalization group theory (RGT). However, the correction of interfacial properties by DFT and RGT is computationally difficult. In the present work, the density gradient theory (DGT) in which κ[ρ(r),T] is treated as a constant is used to combine with the RGT for interfacial properties inside the critical region.
Many‐body Expanded Analytical Potential Energy Function for Ground State PuOH Molecule
Authors: Li Yue‐Xun , Gao Tao , Zhu Zheng‐He 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUsing the density functional method B3LYP with relativistic effective core potential (RECP) for Pu atom, the low‐lying excited states (4Σ+, 6Σ+, 8Σ+) for three structures of PuOH molecule were optimized. The results show that the ground state is X6Σ+of the linear Pu‐O‐H (C∞v), its corresponding equilibrium geometry and dissociation energy are RPu–O=0.20595 nm, RO–H=0.09581 nm and −8.68 eV, respectively. At the same time, two other metastable structures [PuOH (Cs) and H‐Pu‐O (C∞v)] were found. The analytical potential energy function has also been derived for whole range using the many‐body expansion method. This potential energy function represents the considerable topographical features of PuOH molecule in detail, which is adequately accurate in the whole potential surface and can be used for the molecular reaction dynamics research.
Evaluation of Intrinsic Ionization and Complexation Constants of TiO2 and Mg‐Fe Hydrotalcite‐like Compounds
Authors: Hou Wan‐Guo , Ren Carolyn 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe intrinsic surface reaction constants, pKinta1, pKinta2, p*KintC and p*KintA, were evaluated by a modified double extrapolation (MDE) for TiO2 without structural charge and Mg‐Fe hydrotalcite‐like compounds (HTlc) with structural charge, respectively. The results of intrinsic surface reaction constants for TiO2 were compared with those obtained by class double extrapolation (CDE) in literature. Furthermore, the values of intrinsic surface reaction constants obtained by MDE were used to simulate the charging behaviors of the materials. The following conclusions were obtained. For TiO2 without structural charge, the pKinta1 and pKinta2 evaluated by MDE are equal to those by CDE, however the p*KintC and p*KintA evaluated by MDE are much different from those by CDE. In principle, the results of the p*KintC and p*KintA evaluated by MDE are more accurate than those by CDE. The values of intrinsic surface reaction constants obtained by MDE can excellently simulate the charging curves for TiO2 with the triple layer model (TLM). For HTlc with positive structural charge, the results of *KintC=0 and *KintA→∞ were obtained by MDE, which means the inert electrolyte chemical binding does not exist; the point of zero net charge (PZNC) of c‐independence also exist as the same as solid without structural charge, and the pHPZNC obtained by the acid‐base titration can excellently be simulated and the surface charging tendency can be simulated to a great extent using the pKinta1 and pKinta2 evaluated by MDE and the diffuse layer model (DLM).
Preparation of LLDPE/MgAl‐LDH Exfoliation Nanocomposites with Enhanced Thermal Properties by Melt Intercalation
Authors: Du Long‐Chao , Qu Bao‐Jun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe interlayer surface of MgAl layered double hydroxide (MgAl‐LDH) was modified by exchanging about half of the interlayer nitrate anions by dodecyl sulfate anions (DS) to get MgAl(H‐DS) LDH, and then the MgAl(H‐DS) was melt intercalated by LLDPE to get the LLDPE/MgAl‐LDH exfoliation nanocomposites. The samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), ion chromatography, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The nanoscale dispersion of MgAl‐LDH layers in the LLDPE matrix was verified by the disappearance of (00l) XRD reflection of the modified MgAl‐LDH and by the TEM observation. The TGA profiles of LLDPE/MgAl‐LDH nanocomposites show a faster charring process between 210 and 370 °C and a higher thermal stability above 370 °C than LLDPE. The decomposition temperature of the nanocomposites with 10 wt% MgAl(H‐DS) can be 42 °C higher than that of LLDPE at 40% weight loss.
Determination of Active Ingredients of Hawthorn by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection
Authors: Tang Zhu‐Xing , Zeng Yi‐Kun , Zhou Yun , Zang Shu‐Liang , He Pin‐Gang , Fang Yu‐Zhi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA method based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection has been developed for the separation and determination of epicatechin, kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin and protocatechuic acid in hawthorn for the first time. The effects of working electrode potential, pH and concentration of running buffer, separation voltage and injection time on CE‐ED were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the analytes could be separated in a 60 mmol·L−1 borate buffer (pH 8.7) within 21 min. A 300 μm diameter carbon disk electrode has a good response at +0.95 V (vs. SCE) for all analytes. The response was linear over three orders of magnitude with detection limits (S/N=3) ranging from 3×10−8 to 2×10−7 g·mL−1 for the analytes. The method has been successfully applied to the analysis of real sample, with satisfactory results.
Sensitive Method for Enantioseparation of Rivastigmine with Highly Sulfated Cyclodextrin as Chiral Selector by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Wang Zhao‐Yan , Xu Xing‐Xiang , Hu Zhi‐De , Kang Jing‐Wu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA sensitive method for enantioseparation of a basic drug rivastigmine and determination of its optical impurity by capillary electrophoresis with highly sulfated β‐cyclodextrin (HS‐β‐CD) as the chiral selector is described. In general, enantioseparation of basic chiral compounds is carried out in acidic condition (pH 2.5) to prevent analytes from adsorption on the capillary wall. However, in the case of rivastigmine, the detection sensitivity was too limited to determine the optical impurity of S‐rivastigmine lower than 1% when buffer pH was 2.5. It was found that the detection sensitivity was improved 1.6 times just by raising the buffer pH value from 2.5 to 5.8. The poor column efficiency due to the adsorption of the analytes on the capillary wall was resolved by using dynamical coating of the capillary wall with the linear polyacrylamide solution. The experimental parameters such as the concentration of HS‐β‐CD, buffer pH and buffer ionic strength were optimized, respectively. The method was validated in terms of repeatability, linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ). Using the present method, the optical purity of nonracemic rivastigmine with the enantiomeric excess (ee) value of 99.14% was determined.
An Efficient Method for Catalytic Asymmetric Reduction of Diketones and Application of Synthesis to Chiral 2,5‐Diphenylpyrrolidine and 2,5‐Diphenylthiolane
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhao Gang , Cao Wei‐Guo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAsymmetric reduction of diketones with borane reagents generated in situ using cheap and available NaBH4 and SnCl2 in the presence of (S)‐(−)‐α,α‐diphenyl‐2‐pyrrolidinemethanol was successfully achieved to yield the corresponding chiral diols with excellent stereoselectivity and enantioselectivity. And the chiral diol was transformed into optically pure C2‐symmetricl chiral amine or thioether.
Synthesis of Fluoroalkylated Heterocycles via the Reaction of 3‐(1‐Hydropolyfluoroalkenyl)‐1‐oxo‐2,4,1‐benzoxazines with Dinucleophilic Reagents
Authors: Yang Xian‐Jin , Liu Jin‐Tao 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe reaction of 3‐(1‐hydropolyfluoroalkenyl)‐1‐oxo‐2,4,1‐benzoxazines 1 with some dinucleophiles was investigated. 7‐Fluoroalkyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,4‐diazepine[1,2‐d]quinazolin‐11‐ones 2, 2‐fluoroalkylisoxazolo[3,2‐b]quin‐azolin‐9‐ones 3 and 2‐fluoroalkylbenzoimidazoles 4 were obtained from the reaction of 1 with 1,2‐diaminoethane, hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 1,2‐diaminobenzene respectively.
Synthesis of an Ursolic Acid Saponin with N‐Acetylglucosamine‐containing Trisaccharide Residue
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Chun‐Xia , Wang Guang‐Fa , Li Ying‐Xia 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe focus of this work is the synthesis of an ursolic acid saponin with an N‐acetylglucosamine‐containing trisaccharide residue. Therefore, ursolic acid 3‐yl α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐2‐acetamido‐2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1) was concisely synthesized in convergent synthesis with 48.0% overall yield. The structure of saponin 1 was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra.
One‐pot Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐1,5‐bis(2‐hydroxyaryl)pentane‐1,5‐diones
Authors: Wang Can , Jiang Wen‐Qing , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zeng Run‐Sheng 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA simple method for the synthesis of 3‐aryl‐1,5‐bis(2‐hydroxyaryl)pentane‐1,5‐diones is developed by one‐pot reaction involving 2‐hydroxyacetophenone and arylaldehyde in aqueous potassium hydroxide.
Asymmetric Allyltributylstannane Addition to Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Indium(III)‐PYBOX Complex
Authors: Lu Jun , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn indium complex of chiral pyridine bis(oxazoline) (PYBOX) has been applied to the catalytic asymmetric allylation of ketones. It has been found that this chiral indium complex is strong enough to promote the reaction of ketones with allyltributylstannane smoothly. The products were obtained in moderate yields with low to moderate enantioselectivities.
A New Route to Z‐5‐Fluoro‐2‐methyl‐1‐(p‐methylsulfinylbenzylidene)‐3‐indenylacetic Acid and Its X‐ray Diffraction Analysis
Authors: Zeng Zhuo , Chen Chao‐Sen , Jin Gui‐Fang , Zhao Jing‐Wei , Zhu Shi‐Zheng 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe title compound (Sulindac) was prepared from the corresponding sulfinyl compound p‐methylsulfinylbenzyl bromide by four‐step reaction. The sole product (Z)‐5‐fuoror‐2‐methyl‐1‐(p‐methylsulfinylbenzylidene)‐3‐indenyl acetic acid (Sulindac) was obtained and the E isomer of it was not found. X‐ray single crystal diffraction analysis showed that the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding and weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding coexisted in Sulindac.
Lewis Acid Modulation in a Amido‐functional Diarylethene and Its Hypsochromism Effect
Authors: Liu Xue‐Dong , Chen Zi‐Hui , Fan Gui‐Fang , Zhang Fu‐Shi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA photochromic diarylethene, 1,2‐bis(2‐methyl‐5‐(4‐N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl)thien‐3‐yl)perfluorocyclopentene in proton‐donating media was studied. The ammonium salt came into being in the presence of acetic acid following localization of lone pair electrons of the amino group. The maximum absorption of the salt had a 36 nm hypsochromic shift, and its molar extinction coefficient increased to 3.494×104 L·mol−1·cm−1. The conjugational and delocalizational energy levels were calculated by Gaussian 98, and its hypsochromic shift mechanism was also discussed.
Acridin‐9‐ylmethoxycarbonyl (Amoc): A New Photochemically Removable Protecting Group for Alcohols
Authors: Zhuang Hong‐Bo , Tang Wen‐Jian , Yu Jing‐Yu , Song Qin‐Hua 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSynthesis and photochemistry of acridin‐9‐ylmethoxycarbonyl (Amoc) as a new photochemically removable protecting group for alcohols were described. Three carbonates of alcohols 1–3 were synthesized through condensation of 9‐hydroxymethylacridine and chloroformates of alcohols, including benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol and one galactose derivative. The photolysis of protected alcohols can efficiently release the corresponding alcohol in the efficiencies (Qu1ε) of 100–200 (quantum yield Qu1=0.011–0.023, and molar absorptivity ε=9.1×103–9.8×103 mol−1·L·cm−1) under 360 nm light.
Novel Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐β‐Silylvinylstannanes via Hydromagnesiation of Silylarylacetylenes
Authors: Huang Bin , Zhou Zhou , Cai Ming‐Zhong 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHydromagnesiation of silylarylacetylenes 1 in diethyl ether gave (E)‐β‐silylvinyl Grignard reagents 2, which reacted with trialkylstannyl chlorides 3 to afford stereoselectively (E)‐β‐silylvinylstannanes 4 in good yields.
Isolation of New Disilanylene‐bridged Bis(cyclopentadienyl)‐tetracarbonyldiiron Complexes and Molecular Structure of [η5,η5‐C5H4SiMe(SiMePh2)C5H4]Fe2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2
Authors: Sun Huai‐Lin , Zhang Hui‐Li , Zhang Zhen‐Sheng 
Published: October 2006

Abstract1,2‐Diphenyl‐1,2‐dimethyldisilanylene‐bridged bis‐cyclopentadienyl complex [η5,η5‐C5H4PhMeSiSiMePh‐C5H4]Fe2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2 (1) was synthesized by a modified procedure, from which the trans‐isomer 1b that was previously difficult to obtain has been isolated for the first time. More interestingly, two new regio‐isomers [η5,η5‐C5H4SiMe(SiMePh2)C5H4]Fe2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2 (2) and [η5,η5‐C5H4Me2SiSiPh2C5H4]Fe2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2 (3) were occasionally obtained during above process, the novel structures of which opened up new options for further study of this type of Si–Si bond‐containing transition metal complexes. The molecular structure of 2 has been determined by the X‐ray diffraction method.
Maternal care patterns and behavioral development of rhesus macaque abused infants in the first 6 months of life
Authors: McCormack K. , Sanchez M.M. , Bardi M. , Maestripieri D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe investigated the maternal care patterns of rhesus macaque mothers who physically abuse their infants, and compared their infants' behavior to that of nonabused infants. Parametric and multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that abusive mothers have a distinct parenting style characterized by high rates of rejection and contact‐breaking from their infants. Compared to control infants, abused infants exhibited signs of delayed independence from their mothers including higher rates of distress calls and anxiety, lower rates of contact‐breaking, and differences in play. Several aspects of the abused infants' behavior were correlated with rates of abuse received during the first month, or with other maternal behaviors. These findings provide a more comprehensive characterization of the parenting styles of abusive mothers and the early behavioral development of their infants than previously available. Detailed knowledge of the early experience of abused infants is crucial for understanding possible pathological alterations in behavior and neuroendocrine function later in life. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 48: 537–550, 2006.
Glucose enhances newborn memory for spoken words
Authors: Horne Pamela , Barr Ronald G. , Valiante Grace , Zelazo Philip R. , Young Simon N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of a 2 g/kg glucose feed was compared with a water feed on retention of a spoken word in 2–4 days old infants in a between group randomized trial. Infants heard a word in 30‐s trials until they demonstrated orientation (head turns towards the sound) and habituation. After a 100 s delay, infants who received glucose turned toward the word less often than infants receiving water (means 31.8 vs. 57.7%, t = 2.8, p < 0.01) implying that they remembered the word better. There were no differences between groups in measures of attention to or rate of learning of the word. Only infants who subsequently oriented towards a different word, indicating that they remained alert, were used in the data analysis. The results suggest that glucose enhanced memory for a spoken word in neonates. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 48: 574–582, 2006.
The benefits of early intervention in obese diabetic patients with FBCx™ — a new dietary fibre
Authors: Grunberger George , Jen K‐L Catherine , Artiss Joseph D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackgroundsObesity and diabetes have become epidemic in the US. Dietary fibres have been reported to reduce the absorption of dietary fat, prevent weight gain, and reduce blood lipid levels. In the current double‐blind study, obese patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited for a 3‐month study to examine the health effects of a new dietary fibre, FBCx™.MethodsSixty‐six participants were recruited and were randomized into FBCx™ or placebo groups. They were instructed to take two 1‐g tablets per fat‐containing meal and not to change their eating patterns or daily routine. Three‐day dietary records and fasting blood samples were collected prior to enrollment in the study and at the end of months 1, 2 and 3.ResultsDietary records showed that some participants changed their eating patterns; therefore body weight data were adjusted according to energy intake. As a group, in the 30 days leading into the study, all participants experienced an average weight gain of 1.0 ± 0.4 kg, while those in the placebo group continued to gain weight during the study, those in the FBCx ™ group maintained their weight. Those in the FBCx™ group required more energy to maintain their body weight while those in the placebo group required less (p < 0.05). Participants with hypertriglyceridemia showed a reduction (−0.48 ± 0.24 mmol/L, − 8.2%) in total cholesterol with FBCx™, while those with placebo had an increase (0.24 ± 0.21 mmol/L, 5.2%, p < 0.05). Adiponectin was increased in the FBCx™ but reduced in the placebo group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsFBCx™ has thus shown promising benefits in weight maintenance, a reduction of blood lipids and an increase in adiponectin levels. It can be easily incorporated into a diabetic management regimen. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decline of neuroadrenergic bronchial innervation and respiratory function in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study
Authors: Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele , Fuso Leonello , Pitocco Dario , Basso Salvatore , Trové Andrea , Longobardi Anna , Calcagni Maria Lucia , Giordano Alessandro , Ghirlanda Giovanni 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackground and aimType 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by autonomic neuropathy (AN) is characterized by depressed cholinergic bronchomotor tone and neuroadrenergic denervation of the lung. We explored the effects of AN on the rate of decline of pulmonary sympathetic innervation and respiratory function during a 5‐year follow‐up.MethodsTwenty diabetic patients, 11 with AN, were enrolled in 1998 and then followed‐up until 2003. During follow‐up, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured every 3 months. In 1998 and 2003 the patients underwent respiratory function tests and a ventilatory scintigraphic study of neuroadrenergic bronchial innervation using 123I‐MIBG.ResultsDuring follow‐up 4 patients, all with AN, were lost, and 1 developed AN. Forced vital capacity (FVC), and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) showed comparable rates of decrease in patients with and without AN. The yearly decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was about double the physiologic rate, in both AN and AN‐free patients. The MIBG clearance significantly increased both in patients with AN (T1/2: 118.88 ± 30.14 min at baseline and 92.10 ± 24.52 min at the end of follow‐up) and without AN (135.14 ± 17.09 min and 92.68 ± 13.52 min, respectively), indicating a rapidly progressive neuroadrenergic denervation. The rate of the neuroadrenergic denervation was inversely related to the severity of autonomic dysfunction at baseline (Spearman's rho − 0.62, p = 0.017). Neither respiratory function indexes nor MIBG clearance changes correlated with the overall HbA1c values.ConclusionsNeuroadrenergic denervation of the lung parallels the decline of respiratory function indexes in diabetic patients both with and without AN and seems to be independent from the quality of glycemic control. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.