bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association study identifies high-impact susceptibility loci for HCC in North America
Authors: Hassan Manal M. , Li Donghui , Han Younghun , Byun Jinyoung , Hatia Rikita I. , Long Erping , Choi Jiyeon , Kelley Robin Kate , Cleary Sean P. , Lok Anna S. , Bracci Paige , Permuth Jennifer B. , Bucur Roxana , Yuan Jian-Min , Singal Amit G. , Jalal Prasun K. , Ghobrial R. Mark , Santella Regina M. , Kono Yuko , Shah Dimpy P. , Nguyen Mindie H. , Liu Geoffrey , Parikh Neehar D. , Kim Richard , Wu Hui-Chen , El-Serag Hashem , Chang Ping , Li Yanan , Chun Yun Shin , Lee Sunyoung S. , Gu Jian , Hawk Ernest , Sun Ryan , Huff Chad , Rashid Asif , Amin Hesham M. , Beretta Laura , Wolff Robert A. , Antwi Samuel O. , Patt Yehuda , Hwang Lu-Yu , Klein Alison P. , Zhang Karen , Schmidt Mikayla A. , White Donna L. , Goss John A. , Khaderi Saira A. , Marrero Jorge A. , Cigarroa Francisco G. , Shah Pankil K. , Kaseb Ahmed O. , Roberts Lewis R. , Amos Christopher I. 
Published: February 2024

Background and Aims:
Despite the substantial impact of environmental factors, individuals with a family history of liver cancer have an increased risk for HCC. However, genetic factors have not been studied systematically by genome-wide approaches in large numbers of individuals from European descent populations (EDP).

Approach and Results:
We conducted a 2-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) on HCC not affected by HBV infections. A total of 1872 HCC cases and 2907 controls were included in the discovery stage, and 1200 HCC cases and 1832 controls in the validation. We analyzed the discovery and validation samples separately and then conducted a meta-analysis. All analyses were conducted in the presence and absence of HCV. The liability-scale heritability was 24.4% for overall HCC. Five regions with significant ORs (95% CI) were identified for nonviral HCC: 3p22.1, MOBP, rs9842969, (0.51, [0.40–0.65]); 5p15.33, TERT, rs2242652, (0.70, (0.62–0.79]); 19q13.11, TM6SF2, rs58542926, (1.49, [1.29–1.72]); 19p13.11 MAU2, rs58489806, (1.53, (1.33–1.75]); and 22q13.31, PNPLA3, rs738409, (1.66, [1.51–1.83]). One region was identified for HCV-induced HCC: 6p21.31, human leukocyte antigen DQ beta 1, rs9275224, (0.79, [0.74–0.84]). A combination of homozygous variants of PNPLA3 and TERT showing a 6.5-fold higher risk for nonviral-related HCC compared to individuals lacking these genotypes. This observation suggests that gene-gene interactions may identify individuals at elevated risk for developing HCC.

Conclusions:
Our GWAS highlights novel genetic susceptibility of nonviral HCC among European descent populations from North America with substantial heritability. Selected genetic influences were observed for HCV-positive HCC. Our findings indicate the importance of genetic susceptibility to HCC development.
ICNIRP Statement on Short Wavelength Light Exposure from Indoor Artificial Sources and Human Health
Authors: Miller Sharon , Cajochen Christian , Green Adele , Hanifin John , Huss Anke , Karipidis Ken , Loughran Sarah , Oftedal Gunnhild , O’Hagan John , Sliney David H , Croft Rodney , van Rongen Eric , Cridland Nigel , d'Inzeo Guglielmo , Hirata Akimasa , Marino Carmela , Röösli Martin , Watanabe Soichi ,   International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP)
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Concerns have been raised about the possibility of effects from exposure to short wavelength light (SWL), defined here as 380–550 nm, on human health. The spectral sensitivity of the human circadian timing system peaks at around 480 nm, much shorter than the peak sensitivity of daytime vision (i.e., 555 nm). Some experimental studies have demonstrated effects on the circadian timing system and on sleep from SWL exposure, especially when SWL exposure occurs in the evening or at night. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has identified a lack of consensus among public health officials regarding whether SWL from artificial sources disrupts circadian rhythm, and if so, whether SWL-disrupted circadian rhythm is associated with adverse health outcomes. Systematic reviews of studies designed to examine the effects of SWL on sleep and human health have shown conflicting results. There are many variables that can affect the outcome of these experimental studies. One of the main problems in earlier studies was the use of photometric quantities as a surrogate for SWL exposure. Additionally, the measurement of ambient light may not be an accurate measure of the amount of light impinging on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which are now known to play a major role in the human circadian timing system. Furthermore, epidemiological studies of long-term effects of chronic SWL exposure per se on human health are lacking. ICNIRP recommends that an analysis of data gaps be performed to delineate the types of studies needed, the parameters that should be addressed, and the methodology that should be applied in future studies so that a decision about the need for exposure guidelines can be made. In the meantime, ICNIRP supports some recommendations for how the quality of future studies might be improved.
Evaluation of Research Productivity Among Academic Cornea, External Diseases, and Refractive Surgery Ophthalmologists Using the Relative Citation Ratio
Authors: Guan Lucy S. , Henderson Matthew N. , Singh Hartej , Guyer Oliver , Massaro-Giordano Mina 
Published: February 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to provide relative citation ratio (RCR) benchmark data for cornea and external diseases specialists.

Design:
This is a cross-sectional bibliometric analysis.

Subjects:
Subjects included were fellowship-trained cornea and external diseases faculty at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited institutions in the United States.

Methods:
Academic specialists were indexed using the National Institutes of Health iCite Web site. Publication count, mean RCR score, and weighted RCR score were obtained between October 2022 and January 2023 by examining PubMed-listed publications from 1980 to 2022. Data were compared by sex, career duration, academic rank, and acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy.

Main outcome measures:
The main outcome measures were publication count, mean RCR value, and weighted RCR value.

Results:
The cohort included 602 specialists from 112 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited institutions. These clinician–scientists produced highly impactful research with a median publication count of 15 (interquartile ranges 4–41), median RCR of 1.4 (interquartile ranges 0.91–1.88), and median-weighted RCR of 20.28 (5.3–66.69). Both academic rank and career length were associated with greater publication count and RCR values. Male sex was also associated with greater publications counts and RCR scores compared with female faculty. Acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy was associated with greater publication counts and weighted RCR scores but no difference in mean RCR scores.

Conclusions:
Academic cornea and external diseases specialists conduct high-impact research, with a median RCR of 1.4, exceeding the NIH standard value of 1. These data provide RCR benchmark data for the field to inform self, institutional, and departmental evaluations. These results also highlight a significant gender disparity in the field necessitating efforts to increase female representation and ensure equal opportunities.
Efficacy and safety of CKD-495 in acute and chronic gastritis: A Phase III superiority clinical trial
Authors: Seo Seung Young , Lee Soo Teik , Kim Sung Kook , Chun Hoon Jai , Song Geun Am , Lee Dong Ho , Kim Jae Jun , Kim Jin Il , Lee Young Chan , Kim Tae Nyeun , Jee Sam Ryong , Park Seon-Young , Kim Jae Gyu , Park Jong-Jae , Kim Sang Gyun , Park Jae Myung , Park Jung Ho , Park Shin Jung , Lee Oh Young 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Despite the availability of numerous treatment options, many patients with gastritis experience only partial symptom relief. CKD-495, a newly developed product with the active ingredient extracted from Cinnamomum cassia Presl., has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in vitro and an in vivo protective effect against gastric damage by stimulating mucus secretion. This study compared the efficacy and safety of CKD-495 with Artemisiae argyi folium (AAF) for the treatment of acute and chronic gastritis. AAF, a gastric mucosa protective agent that promotes gastric mucosa regeneration, has been used clinically for about 20 years.

Methods:
This phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial (ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04255589) assigned 242 patients with endoscopically-proven gastric mucosal erosions to receive CKD-495 75 mg (n = 122) or AAF 60 mg (n = 120), respectively, with placebo (for double-blind purposes) 3 times a day for 2 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the erosion improvement rate. Secondary endpoints included erosion cure rates, and improvement rates for edema, redness, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Drug-related adverse events were evaluated.

Results:
The erosion improvement rate was significantly higher in the CKD-495 group than in the AAF group for both the full analysis set (55.9% vs 39.4%, P = .0063) and per-protocol set (54.6% vs 38.2%, P = .0084). In addition, the erosion improvement rate in patients with acute or chronic gastritis showed that the CKD-495 group had better improvement of erosion than the AAF group, especially in patients with chronic gastritis. Analysis of secondary endpoints, which included erosion cure rate and the improvement rates of edema, redness, hemorrhage, and GI symptoms, showed that the CKD-495 group was more effective than the AAF group. There were no significant between-group differences in safety profiles. No serious adverse events or adverse drug reactions occurred.

Conclusions:
These results demonstrate that CKD-495 75 mg is superior to AAF 60 mg in terms of the endoscopic improvement rate of erosions in patients with acute or chronic gastritis. This new mucoprotective agent, CKD-495, can be considered the therapy of choice for symptomatic relief and healing of gastritis.
Evaluating cluster analysis techniques in ChatGPT versus R-language with visualizations of author collaborations and keyword cooccurrences on articles in the Journal of Medicine (Baltimore) 2023: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Cheng Yung-Ze , Lai Tzu-Han , Chien Tsair-Wei , Chou Willy 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Analyses of author collaborations and keyword co-occurrences are frequently used in bibliographic research. However, no studies have introduced a straightforward yet effective approach, such as utilizing ChatGPT with Code Interpreter (ChatGPT_CI) or the R language, for creating cluster-oriented networks. This research aims to compare cluster analysis methods in ChatGPT_CI and R, visualize country-specific author collaborations, and then demonstrate the most effective approach.

Methods:
The research focused on articles and review pieces from Medicine (Baltimore) published in 2023. By August 20, 2023, we had gathered metadata for 1976 articles using the Web of Science core collections. The efficiency and effectiveness of cluster displays between ChatGPT_CI and R were compared by evaluating their time consumption. The best method was then employed to present a series of visualizations of country-specific author collaborations, rooted in social network and cluster analyses. Visualization techniques incorporating network charts, chord diagrams, circle bar plots, circle packing plots, heat dendrograms, dendrograms, and word clouds were demonstrated. We further highlighted the research profiles of 2 prolific authors using timeline visuals.

Results:
The research findings include that (1) the most active contributors were China, Nanjing Medical University (China), the Medical School Department, and Dr Chou from Taiwan when considering countries, institutions, departments, and individual authors, respectively; (2) the highest cited articles originated from Medicine (Baltimore) accounting for 4.53%: New England Journal of Medicine, PLOS ONE, LANCET, and The Journal of the American Medical Association, with respective contributions of 3.25%, 2.7%, 2.52%, and 1.54%; (3) visual cluster analysis in R proved to be more efficient and effective than ChatGPT_CI, reducing the time taken from 1 hour to just 3 minutes; (4) 7 cluster-focused networks were crafted using R on a custom platform; and (5) the research trajectories of 2 prominent authors (Dr Brin from the United States and Dr Chow from Taiwan) and articles themes in Medicine 2023 were depicted using timeline visuals.

Conclusions:
This research highlighted the efficient and effective methods for conducting cluster analyses of author collaborations using R. For future related studies, such as keyword co-occurrence analysis, R is recommended as a viable alternative for bibliographic research.
Sequential treatments with TRK inhibitors in a patient with NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma: A case report
Authors: Kubota Yuta , Kawano Masanori , Iwasaki Tatsuya , Itonaga Ichiro , Tsumura Hiroshi , Kaku Nobuhiro , Tanaka Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Precision medicine and tumor-agnostic treatment strategies have recently been promoted for clinical use. One of the most successful treatments in patients with neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusion-positive tumors is targeting the tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) with an inhibitor. The TRK inhibitors, larotrectinib, and entrectinib, have been approved in many countries. Nevertheless, the most effective administration regimen for these TRK inhibitors is uncertain. To date, no reports have shown the efficacy of sequential treatment with larotrectinib and entrectinib in patients with NTRK fusion-positive tumors. In this report, we present a patient with NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma arising from the anterior mediastinum, with tumor progression after 4 months of entrectinib use. The patient took larotrectinib subsequently and maintained disease control for more than 21 months.

Patient concerns:
A 48-year-old female visited a physician because she experienced difficulty in breathing and chest and back pain with no obvious cause 2 months ago. Computed tomography (CT)-guided biopsy was performed at a district general hospital, and histopathological examination revealed a small round cell tumor. She was referred to our hospital, and a second CT-guided biopsy was performed to confirm the pathological diagnosis. Considering the results of the histopathological examination, Ewing sarcoma was suspected, but a specific fusion gene was not detected due to poor quality specimens.

Diagnoses:
After 3 regimens of cytotoxic chemotherapy, biopsy was repeated, and specimens were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The PHF20-NTRK1 fusion gene was detected, and the tumor was finally diagnosed as an NTRK fusion-positive sarcoma.

Interventions:
She was administered the TRK inhibitor entrectinib, but the tumor started to grow after 4 months of medication, and she stopped taking entrectinib. After 1 cycle of cytotoxic chemotherapy, another TRK inhibitor, larotrectinib, was administered.

Outcomes:
Her stable disease was maintained for more than 21 months. Here, we have shown that sequential administration of both drugs can be effective.

Lessons:
In the treatment of NTRK fusion-positive tumors, there are cases in which 2 approved first-generation TRK inhibitors can be used sequentially.
Resection of bilateral massive Achilles tendon xanthomata with reconstruction using vascularized iliotibial tract: A case report and literature review
Authors: Qi Jian , Fang Long , Hao Wei , Zou Lin 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease. Surgical treatment is only indicated when the xanthoma becomes large, painful, and irritable with shoe wear. Reconstruction of the large defect following resection challenging, especially with resection of the entire Achilles tendon.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of bilateral Achilles tendon defects of 16 cm following resection of bilateral Achilles tendon xanthomata, with reconstruction using vascularized iliotibial tract. The patient had a good functional outcome with well-preserved strength and cosmesis.

Outcomes:
Reconstruction of a total Achilles tendon defect using Vascularized iliotibial tract is safe and effective.
Spontaneous unscarred uterine rupture at 13 weeks of gestation after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zheng Juan , Zhou Liming , Hu Juwei 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Uterine rupture (UR) during pregnancy is a serious obstetric complication. Here we report a case of spontaneous rupture in an unscarred uterus at 13 weeks of gestation after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer, which is not common in past references. Our focus is to understand the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and UR.

Patient concerns:
A 33-year-old infertile woman with a history of SLE became pregnant after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer. She presented with sudden mental fatigue and dyspnea, accompanied by sweating, dizziness and lower abdominal pain at 13 weeks of gestation.

Diagnoses:
Blood analysis revealed anemia. Ultrasonography and plain computed tomography scan revealed intrauterine early pregnancy with effusion in pelvic and abdominal cavity. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of UR.

Interventions:
The patient underwent emergency laparotomy. Upon surgery, multiple myometrium was weak with only serosal layer visible, and there was a 2.5 cm irregular breach with exposed placenta and villous tissue in the posterior wall of the uterus. After removing intrauterine fetus and repairing the breach, there was still persistent intraperitoneal hemorrhage. The patient underwent subtotal hysterectomy finally.

Outcomes:
Postoperative recovery was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the 8th day after operation.

Lessons:
Combined efforts of specialists from ultrasound, imaging and gynecologist led to the successful diagnosis and management of this patient. We should be cautious about the occurrence of unscarred uterus rupture during pregnancy of the women with the disease of SLE and long-term glucocorticoid treatment. In IVF, we had better transfer one embryo for these patients with the history of SLE. Obstetricians should strengthen labor tests to detect early signs of UR of the patients with SLE and long term glucocorticoid treatment. Once UR is suspected, prompt surgical treatment is needed as soon as possible.
Role of bilateral staged hip arthroplasty in Hip-spine syndrome: A case report
Authors: Bizdikian Aren Joe , Assi Ayman , Semaan Karl , Otayek Joeffroy , Karam Mohamad , Massaad Abir , Jaber Elena , Ghanem Ismat , El Rachkidi Rami 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Hip-spine syndrome is a frequent finding in patients presenting with symptoms both at the level of the hip and spine.

Patient concerns:
Patient previously operated of lumbar laminectomy for supposed spinal stenosis presenting with persistent pain and disability.

Diagnoses:
Clinical examination and imaging showed severe bilateral hip osteoarthritis. Full body standing and sitting biplanar radiographs showed an associated severe sagittal malalignment. 3D motion analysis and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaires showed a severe functional impact.

Interventions:
He was operated of a staged bilateral total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach.

Outcomes:
Spinopelvic and sagittal alignment parameters, as well as 3D motion analysis and HRQOL scores showed significant improvement after the first, then the second total hip arthroplasty.

Lessons:
Comprehensive functional diagnostic testing, including full body standing and seated radiographs, 3D gait analysis and HRQOL questionnaires may provide important information for future management.
Resection of rectal metastasis after previous radical surgery for pancreatic cancer: Case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Shuwei , Hao Yanfei , Huang Shaoyang , Leng Dong , Ma Yuxiang 
Published: February 2024

Rationale:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the main type of pancreatic cancer with a poor prognosis. Rectal metastasis after radical resection of PDAC is comparatively rare, and the understanding of such cases is currently not unified. This study presents the entire process of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with PDAC metastasized to the rectal. We propose the viewpoint of exploring potential biomarkers or establishing effective predictive models to assist in the clinical decision-making of such cases.

Patient concerns:
We present the case of a 71-year-old man with slight abdominal distension and dull pain. He underwent surgical treatment for a malignant tumor of the pancreatic body, which was discovered through computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Nine months after the pancreatectomy, a rectal mass was identified by digital rectal examination and diagnosed as a malignant lesion through a puncture biopsy. After a multidisciplinary joint consultation, the patient underwent radical surgery. It was later confirmed as rectal adenocarcinoma based on postoperative pathological results.

Diagnosis:
The pathological result after pancreatic surgery was PDAC, which had invaded the peripheral nerves and abdominal arteries. A diagnosis of rectal metastasis was determined ultimately by combining with the medical history and immunohistochemical staining results.

Interventions and outcomes:
Treatment of the PDAC included laparoscopic resection of the body and tail of the pancreas combined with splenectomy, and postoperative systemic chemotherapy. In addition, treatment of the rectal metastasis included laparoscopic radical resection and postoperative systemic chemotherapy. The patient’s current living condition was good.

Lessons:
As a rare metastatic site of PDAC, rectal metastasis should be avoided because of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Surgical resection is still an effective treatment strategy for localized pancreatic tumors and isolated metastases. Furthermore, the mining of potential biomarkers or the establishment of predictive models for pancreatic cancer and its metastases may contribute to better clinical decision-making in the future.