bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADSBAN: Anomaly detection system for body area networks utilizing IoT and machine learning
Authors: Siddiqui Mohd Ahsan , Kalra Mala , Krishna C. Rama 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBody area networks (BANs) play a pivotal role in modern healthcare, enabling real‐time data collection and monitoring of vital patient parameters, thereby empowering healthcare providers to respond swiftly to any serious health conditions. These networks depend on strategically placed sensors on the patient's body to collect important health data. The integrity of this data is really important, as problems with a component can cause doctors to make mistakes that could be life‐threatening. Consequently, developing and evaluating robust anomaly detection methods for BANs is paramount. To address this concern, an anomaly detection system for body area networks (ADSBAN) has been proposed in this article. Different machine learning methods have been tested and implemented to improve the proposed system's performance. These include decision tree, K‐nearest neighbor, logistic regression (LR), random forest, AdaBoost (Adaptive Boosting), and XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting). Further, this framework has been tested with emulated and standard datasets and compared with existing methodologies. The research employs an IoT Flock emulator to replicate BAN conditions and simulate two distinct attack scenarios. Wireshark aids in thoroughly analyzing network traffic, while Python, in conjunction with tools like Keras and Pandas, is instrumental in implementing the ML models. Further, a CIC flowmeter has been utilized to convert the .pcap file format into .CSV file format. Comprehensive evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, accuracy, F1 score, and the Mathew correlation coefficient (MCC) demonstrate the consistent superiority of LR on emulated (i.e., traffic generated through a simulator IoT Flock) and standard datasets (BoT‐IoT). LR shows the highest accuracy of 99.92% on emulated and standard datasets, while XGBoost has the highest average accuracy of 99.92% on standard dataset. This research significantly bolsters the reliability of healthcare data, instilling confidence among healthcare professionals in their decision‐making processes. By safeguarding the integrity of vital health data in BANs, it advances the quality of patient care. It underscores the indispensable role of ML techniques in fortifying the resilience of healthcare systems.
Crystal Growth, Optical, Thermal, DFT and Z‐Scan Studies of Imidazolium Hydrogen Fumarate Crystal for Nonlinear Optical Applications
Authors: Chinnakannu Elavarasi , Sankar Mugundan , Chandran Senthilkumar , Thamotharan Keerthivasan , Manickam Srinivasan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic imidazolium hydrogen fumarate (IHF) crystals are grown using the slow evaporation method. The IHF has triclinic crystal structure. The 1H NMR spectrum has five chemical shifts for the IHF crystal. The band at 3155 cm−1 in IR occurs due to the presence of O─H stretching vibration of the IHF molecule. The bandgap value of the IHF crystal is determined to be 4.6 eV. The intense violet emission band is noted at 361 nm. The IHF crystal has thermal stability value of 179 °C. Hirshfeld surface is used to find out the different intermolecular interactions of the IHF crystal. The HOMO–LUMO energy gap is determined to be 4.70 eV. The hydrogen atoms have positive potential in the MEP analysis. The high stabilization energy of 56.81 kcal mol−1 is noticed for π*(C1─N7) → π*(C2─C3) interaction. The third‐order NLO susceptibility (χ(3)) of the IHF is 2.08934 × 10−9 esu.
A Review of Capacity Decay Studies of All‐vanadium Redox Flow Batteries: Mechanism and State Estimation
Authors: Wang Yupeng , Mu Anle , Wang Wuyang , Yang Bin , Wang Jiahui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs a promising large‐scale energy storage technology, all‐vanadium redox flow battery has garnered considerable attention. However, the issue of capacity decay significantly hinders its further development, and thus the problem remains to be systematically sorted out and further explored. This review provides comprehensive insights into the multiple factors contributing to capacity decay, encompassing vanadium cross‐over, self‐discharge reactions, water molecules migration, gas evolution reactions, and vanadium precipitation. Subsequently, it analyzes the impact of various battery parameters on capacity. Based on this foundation, the article expounds upon the significance of battery internal state estimation technology. Additionally, the review also summarizes domestic and international mathematical models utilized for simulating capacity decay, serving as a valuable reference for future research endeavors. Finally, through the comparison of traditional experimental methods and mathematical modeling methods, this article offers effective guidance for the future development direction of battery state monitoring. This review generally overview the problems related to the capacity attenuation of all‐vanadium flow batteries, which is of great significance for understanding the mechanism behind capacity decay and state monitoring technology of all‐vanadium redox flow battery.
Highly Effective Non‐Noble MnO2 Catalysts for 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Oxidation to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Álvarez‐Hernández Débora , Megías‐Sayago Cristina , Penkova Anna , Centeno Miguel Ángel , Ivanova Svetlana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNoble metal‐free catalyst or catalytic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid are proposed in this study as a proposal to solve one of the great disadvantages of this reaction of using preferably noble metal‐based catalysts. The catalytic activity of six MnO2 crystal structures is studied as alternative. The obtained results showed a strong connection between catalytic activity the type of MnO2 structure organization and redox behavior. Among all tested catalysts, ϵ‐MnO2 showed the best performance with an excellent yield of 74 % of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid at full ‐hydroxymethylfurfural conversion.
An improved CMOS second‐generation current controlled conveyor with enhanced tunable range of RX and its applications
Authors: Chhabra Aakriti , Senani Raj , Aggarwal Bhawna 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis paper presents a new CMOS‐based second‐generation current controlled conveyor (CCCII), based on a mixed translinear cell composed of CMOS‐based translinear elements, which offers a wide tunable range of four decades for the X‐terminal input resistance RX. The current‐controlled grounded and floating tunable resistors and multifunction filter with tunable cut‐off frequency have been realized to show the practical utility of the proposed CCCII architecture. Various performance evaluations have been carried out through simulations conducted on Cadence Virtuoso software using 0.18 μm gpdk CMOS technology at a supply voltage of ±1.5 V. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed CCCII in attaining a wide tunable Rx ranging from 130 MΩ to 13 kΩ, offering good linearity, nearly unity voltage and current transfer gains, high input impedance at port Y varying from 3.7 GΩ to 1.18 MΩ, high output impedance at port Z varying from 67.63 GΩ to 13.19 MΩ, with the power consumption in the range of 3.68 μW to 18.78 μW for variation in bias current (Io) from 100 pA to 1 μA.
Methotrexate‐associated lymphoproliferative disorder: A rare pancreatic tumor diagnosed via endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle biopsy
Authors: Kitagawa Koh , Oyama Masafumi , Asada Shohei , Sato Shinya , Nakatani Tatsuya , Nishimura Naoki , Mui Yuka , Hanatani Jun‐ichi , Takeda Maiko , Yoshiji Hitoshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 73‐year‐old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate (MTX) for the last 10 years was referred to our hospital for a pancreatic tumor examination. Contrast‐enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a 20‐mm‐diameter hypovascular tumor in the pancreatic tail. A hypoechoic mass with heterogeneous internal echo was found on an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). An EUS‐guided fine‐needle biopsy (EUS‐FNB) was performed with a 22‐gauge Franseen‐tip needle. Histologic examination of EUS‐FNB specimens from the pancreatic tumor revealed the proliferation of atypical spindle cells. Immunohistochemical staining for CD20 and Ki‐67 was positive in the atypical cells. Immunohistochemical staining for CD3 was partially positive in the atypical cells. Epstein–Barr virus‐encoded RNA in situ hybridization showed positive staining. MTX‐related lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX‐LPD) with Epstein‐Barr virus infection was diagnosed. MTX treatment was immediately discontinued, and treatment was initiated by a hematologist. However, her condition rapidly deteriorated, and she died of multiple organ failure 4 weeks after diagnosis. MTX‐LPD can complicate gastrointestinal lesions. However, most lesions are localized in the stomach and rarely complicate pancreatic lesions. MTX‐LPD is classified as an “iatrogenic” LPD. Therefore, immediate action, such as MTX discontinuation, is necessary. In conclusion, endoscopists should be aware that MTX‐LPD lesions can occur in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, EUS‐FNB can be useful in the diagnosis of this rare pancreatic tumor.
Reliability of roadside oral fluid testing devices for ∆9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9‐THC) detection
Authors: Scherer Juliana Nichterwitz , Vasconcelos Mailton , Dalanhol Carolina Silveira , Govoni Bruna , dos Santos Bruno Pereira , Borges Gabriela Ramos , de Gouveia Giovanna Cristiano , Viola Patrícia Pacheco , Carlson Renato Luiz Romera , Martins Aline Franco , Costa Jose Luiz , Huestis Marilyn A. , Pechansky Flavio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDriving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is increasing worldwide, and cannabis is the most prevalent drug after alcohol in impaired driving cases, emphasizing the need for a reliable traffic enforcement strategy. ∆9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) detection in oral fluid has great potential for identifying recent cannabis use; however, additional data are needed on the sensitivities, specificities, and efficiencies of different oral fluid devices for detecting cannabinoids at the roadside by police during routine traffic safety enforcement efforts. At the roadside, 8945 oral fluid THC screening tests were performed with four devices: AquilaScan®, Dräger DrugTest®, WipeAlyser Reader®, and Druglizer®. A total of 530 samples screened positive for THC (5.9%) and were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry at multiple cutoff concentrations (2 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, and manufacturers' recommended device cutoffs) to investigate device performance. Results varied substantially, with sensitivities of 0%–96.8%, specificities of 89.8%–98.5%, and efficiencies of 84.3%–97.8%. The Dräger DrugTest® outperformed the other devices with a 96.8% sensitivity, 97.1% specificity, and 97.0% efficiency at a 5‐ng/mL LC–MS/MS confirmation cutoff. The WipeAlyser Reader® had good performance with a 91.4% sensitivity, 97.2% specificity, and 96.4% efficiency. AquilaScan® and Druglizer® had unacceptable performance for cannabinoid detection, highlighted by sensitivity <13%. The choice of roadside oral fluid testing device must offer good analytical performance for cannabinoids because of its high prevalence of use and impact on road safety.
Application of integrated geophysical techniques in geothermal exploration in Binhai County, Jiangsu Province
Authors: Wang Juncheng , Gao Shiyin , Wang Jianguo , Li Lin , Gong Xiaoyan , Su Jinbao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegrated geophysical technology is a necessary and effective means for geothermal exploration. However, integration of geophysical technology for large‐scale surveys with those for geothermal reservoir localization is still in development. This study used the controlled source audio‐frequency magnetotelluric method technology for large‐scale exploration to obtain underground electrical structure information and micromotion detection technology to obtain underground wave velocity structure information. The combination of two detection technologies was used for local identification of geothermal reservoirs. Further, auxiliary correction and inversion constraint were implemented through the audio magnetotelluric sounding technology for maximum authenticity restoration of the near‐ and transition‐field data. Through these technology improvements, a geothermal geological model was established for the Binhai County of Jiangsu Province in China and potential geothermal well locations were identified. On this basis, a geothermal well was drilled nearly 3000 m deep, with a daily water volume of over 2000 m3/day and a geothermal water temperature of 51°C at the well head. It is found that predictions using the above integrated geophysical exploration technology are in good agreement with the well geological formation data. This integrated geophysical technology can be effectively applied for geothermal exploration with high precision and reliability.
Polyhalogenated Carbohydrates: Synthesis and Applications of Sugar Halides from Fluorine to Iodine
Authors: Lessard Olivier , Lainé Danny , Giguère Denis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolyfluorinated carbohydrates have attracted attention in the last decades. This is due to the interesting properties of such organofluorines. What about the other halogens? Since the discovery of sucralose (a trichlorinated disaccharide) more than 50 years ago, only a handful of chlorinated, brominated, or iodinated carbohydrates have been reported. This review focuses on the synthesis of polyhalogenated carbohydrates, including sugar inter‐halides, but excluding polyfluorinated sugars. An overview of the current state of the art of their potential application is also described.
C(sp2)‐H Imination of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines: A Catalyst‐Free, Multicomponent Approach
Authors: Subba Rao Yadavalli , Arun Doma , Devunuri Nagaraju , Yaragorla Srinivasarao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report here a catalyst‐free, (sp2)C−H imination reaction of in‐situ formed imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines and α‐iminoketones. This one‐pot, multicomponent, and atom economic reaction is performed at moderate to room temperature without the need for any catalyst and inert conditions. The reaction showed good substrate tolerance with appreciable yields. Gram‐scale synthesis and post‐synthetic modifications to obtain 1,2‐diketones are also described.
Will you get vaccinated? Trade‐offs between purity, liberty and care predict attitudes towards Covid‐19 vaccination
Authors: Ahluwalia‐McMeddes Amrita , Guthrie Sarah L. , Taylor Catriona Z. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHow do tensions between moral values predict how likely we are to receive Covid‐19 vaccination? Previous work suggests that moral foundations, particularly purity and liberty, relate to decisions to vaccinate. In addition, research on the moral trade‐off hypothesis suggests value in exploring trade‐offs between foundations. We conducted three studies across the pandemic: at the start of the vaccine rollout (Study 1, N = 170); during delivery (Study 2, N = 328) and 2 years later (Study 3, N = 388). We find that trade‐offs between purity and care and between liberty and care are predictive of higher levels of vaccine reluctance—individuals who endorse purity or liberty more, relative to care, were more reluctant towards Covid‐19 vaccination, less likely to have received a vaccine and have lower intention to get future Covid‐19 vaccines. This research highlights the relevance of moral values, and trade‐offs between them, in vaccine attitudes and decisions.
Dynamic sliding window‐cooperative spectrum sensing against massive SSDF attack in interweave cognitive internet of things
Authors: Zhu Gefei , Wu Jun , Su Mingkun , Xu Xiaorong , Dai Mingyuan , Qiao Lei , Gan Jipeng , He Jiangtao , Cao Weiwei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo improve spectrum utilization, cognitive radio (CR) enables unauthorized internet of thing (IoT) devices to opportunistically access the channel underutilized by the primary user (PU) in a cognitive IoT (CIoT). To this end, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) plays a crucial role in CR technology, which leverages the spatial diversity of corroborative IoT devices to accurately detect the PU signal. However, this open cooperative paradigm may suffer from spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack in which malicious IoT devices intentionally mislead the fusion center (FC) by providing false sensing results to make an incorrect global decision regarding the PU status. To effectively characterize the attack behavior of malicious IoT devices, we propose a massive SSDF attack model described by the attack cycle and malicious ratio within a sensing period to characterize the malicious behaviors. Additionally, we introduce a delivery evaluation mechanism and propose a dynamic sliding window‐CSS (DSW‐CSS) to mitigate the impact of massive SSDF attack. Moreover, we introduce a sequential reporting mechanism to further reduce the number of samples required by the global decision‐making of the FC. Finally, simulation results show the flexibility and aggressiveness of the proposed attack model and demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of DSW‐CSS.
Linking the relationship between dietary folic acid intake and risk of osteoporosis among middle‐aged and older people: A nationwide population‐based study
Authors: Zhang Yuan‐Wei , Hu Yan , Wang Si‐Cheng , Li Zu‐Hao , Cai Gui‐Quan , Shen Hao , Sheng Shi‐Hao , Chen Xiao , Weng Wei‐Zong , Zhang Wen‐Cai , Chen Yuan , Su Jia‐Can 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmong middle‐aged and older people, balanced and nutritious diets are the foundation for maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis. This study is aimed at investigating the link between dietary folic acid intake and the risk of osteoporosis among middle‐aged and older people. A total of 20,686 people from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010 are screened and included, and 5312 people aged ≥45 years with integral data are ultimately enrolled in evaluation. Demographics and dietary intake‐related data are gathered and analyzed, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each tertile category of dietary folic acid intake and each unit increase in folic acid are assessed via multivariate logistic regression models. On this basis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is used to identify the optimal cutoff value of dietary folic acid intake for indicating the risk of osteoporosis. Of 5312 people with a mean age of 62.4 ± 11.0 years old, a total of 513 people with osteoporosis are screened, and the dietary folic acid intake amount of the osteoporosis group is significantly lower than that of the non‐osteoporosis group (p < .001). The lowest tertile category is then used to act as a reference category, and a higher dietary folic acid intake amount is observed to be positively related to lower odds for risk of osteoporosis. This trend is also not changed in adjustments for combinations of different covariates (p all < .05). Based on this, a dietary folic acid intake of 475.5 μg/day is identified as an optimal cutoff value for revealing osteoporosis. Collectively, this nationwide population‐based study reveals that a higher daily dietary folic acid intake has potential protective effects on osteoporosis in middle‐aged and older people.
Quality issues of implied volatilities of index and stock options in the OptionMetrics IvyDB database
Authors: Wallmeier Martin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor stock and index options in the United States, OptionMetrics records prices at 3:59 p.m., not 4:00 p.m. as assumed in previous literature. The resulting 1‐min time discrepancy with closing share prices creates artificial variability in implied volatility spreads and strongly affects market‐wide spreads. It leads to particularly large distortions at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. For index options in Europe, OptionMetrics data show large deviations from put‐call parity even though the original option prices match the parity exactly. Finally, the implied volatilities of stock options in Europe show clusters of exceptional deviations due to incorrect dividend information.
Prognostic value of bone marrow and tumor 18F‐FDG uptake on PET/CT in patients with oropharyngeal cancer and the interplay between inflammation and FDG uptake
Authors: Christou Constantina Nadia , Sandström Karl , Regula Naresh , Ehrsson Ylva Tiblom , Johansson Hemming , Sörensen Jens , Laurell Göran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsTo examine the prognostic value of F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the bone marrow (BM) for disease recurrence and survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OP‐SCC). The secondary aims were to evaluate the prognostic value of PET/CT parameters for the primary oropharyngeal tumor and total tumor burden, and to assess the correlation between FDG uptake variables and serum inflammatory markers.MethodsThis was an observational study of 91 patients with OP‐SCC who underwent pretreatment FDG‐PET/CT. The patients' blood samples were collected before treatment, and treatment was administered with the intention to cure. The median follow‐up time was 40 months. The PET parameters measured were SUVmeanBM for the assessment of BM FDG uptake, SUVmean, SUVmax, total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) for the evaluation of primary oropharyngeal tumor and total tumor burden.Blood samples were analyzed to determine each patient's white cell, red cell, and platelet cell counts, hemoglobin, and C‐reactive protein level. In a subgroup of 33 patients, blood serum was analyzed to evaluate the expression of serum immune proteins using a proximity extension assay (Olink Proteomics).ResultsThe univariate analysis revealed that SUVmeanBM and tumor‐specific parameters (SUVmaxtumor, SUVmeantotal, SUVmaxtotal, MTVtotal, TLGtotal) were significantly associated with recurrence‐free survival (RFS). After adjusting for age, sex, and stage only SUVmeanBM remained significantly associated with RFS. Spearman's correlation identified several correlations between PET parameters and inflammatory markers.ConclusionsOur results show that several FDG‐PET/CT parameters may have a prognostic value of treatment outcome in patients with OP‐SCC. However, SUVmeanBM was the only independent PET parameter that showed a prognostic value for RFS in the study cohort. Moreover, the study findings might suggest an association between systemic inflammation and the metabolic activity in the BM.