bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung cancer outcomes in the elderly: potential disparity in screening
Authors: Singh Anupama , Mazzola Emanuele , Xie Yue , Marshall M Blair , Jaklitsch Michael T , Wilder Fatima G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to analyse outcomes of lung cancer in the elderly

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed of patients in the National Cancer Database with NSCLC from 2004 to 2017 grouped into 2 categories: 70–79 years (A) and 80–90 years (B). Patients with multiple malignancies were excluded. Kaplan–Meier curves estimated the overall survival for each age group based on stage.

RESULTS
In total, 466 051 patients were included. Less-invasive techniques (imaging and cytology) diagnosed cancer as a function of age: 14.6% in A vs 21.3% in B [P &lt; 0.001, standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.175]. Clinical stage IA was least common in B (15%) compared to 17.3% in A (P &lt; 0.001, SMD 0.079). Approximately 83.0% in B did not receive surgery compared to 70.0% in A (P &lt; 0.001, SMD 0.299). Of the 83.0%, 8.0% were considered poor surgical candidates because of age or comorbidities compared with 6.2% in A (P &lt; 0.001, SMD 0.299) For 71.0% in B, surgery was not the first treatment plan compared to 62.0% in A (P &lt; 0.001, SMD 0.299). Survival curves showed worse prognosis for each clinical and pathologic stage for B compared to A.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients older than 80 years present less frequently as clinical stage IA, are less commonly offered surgical intervention and are more frequently diagnosed using less accurate measures. They also have worse outcomes for each stage compared to younger patients.
Complete anatomic segmentectomy shows improved oncologic outcomes compared to incomplete anatomic segmentectomy
Authors: McAllister Miles A , Rochefort Matthew M , Ugalde Figueroa Paula , Leo Rachel , Sugarbaker Evert A , Singh Anupama , Herrera-Zamora Julio , Barcelos Rafael R , Mazzola Emanuele , Heiling Hillary , Jaklitsch Michael T , Bueno Raphael , Swanson Scott J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To compare oncologic outcomes after segmentectomy with division of segmental bronchus, artery and vein (complete anatomic segmentectomy) versus segmentectomy with division of &lt;3 segmental structures (incomplete anatomic segmentectomy).

METHODS
We conducted a single-centre, retrospective analysis of patients undergoing segmentectomy from March 2005 to May 2020. Operative reports were audited to classify procedures as complete or incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. Patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy or pulmonary resection beyond indicated segments were excluded. Survival was estimated with Kaplan–Meier models and compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for death. Cumulative incidence functions for loco-regional recurrence were compared with Gray’s test, with death considered a competing event. Cox and Fine–Gray models were used to estimate cause-specific and subdistribution HRs, respectively, for loco-regional recurrence.

RESULTS
Of 390 cases, 266 (68.2%) were complete and 124 were incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. Demographics, pulmonary function, tumour size, stage and perioperative outcomes did not significantly differ between groups. Surgical margins were negative in all but 1 case. Complete anatomic segmentectomy was associated with improved lymph node dissection (5 vs 2 median nodes sampled; P &lt; 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed reduced incidence of loco-regional recurrence (cause-specific HR = 0.42; 95% confidence interval 0.22–0.80; subdistribution HR = 0.43; 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.81), and non-significant improvement in overall survival (HR = 0.66; 95% confidence interval: 0.43–1.00) after complete versus incomplete anatomic segmentectomy.

CONCLUSIONS
This single-centre experience suggests complete anatomic segmentectomy provides superior loco-regional control and may improve survival relative to incomplete anatomic segmentectomy. We recommend surgeons perform complete anatomic segmentectomy and lymph node dissection whenever possible.
Optimal lymph node yield in oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Uimonen Mikko , Helminen Olli , Sihvo Eero , Kauppila Joonas H ,   FINEGO, Helmiö Mika , Huhta Heikki , Kallio Raija , Koivukangas Vesa , Kokkola Arto , Laine Simo , Lietzen Elina , Meriläinen Sanna , Pohjanen Vesa-Matti , Rantanen Tuomo , Ristimäki Ari , Räsänen Jari V , Saarnio Juha , Toikkanen Vesa , Tyrväinen Tuula , Valtola Antti 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The desirable lymph node count was determined to maximize the survival time expectancy according to the lymph node count among patients who have undergone oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer.

METHODS
The data of national Finnish population-based cohort including all patients who have undergone oesophagectomy due to oesophageal cancer during 2002–2016 were used. Restricted mean survival time (RMST) estimates were determined by lymph node count, and the desirable count was determined using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing regression.

RESULTS
A total of 883 patients with the median follow-up time of 3.73 (interquartile range 1.43–7.50) years were included. The lymph node count of 27 (95% confidence interval 25–28) was associated with the highest RMST estimates. Sensitivity analyses indicated that in pN0 patients, the highest RMST estimates was observed at 26 (95% confidence interval 24–28) lymph nodes and in pN+ patients, the RMST estimates peaked at 28 (95% confidence interval 25–33) lymph nodes.

CONCLUSIONS
According to the findings of this study, at least 24 examined lymph nodes is the recommended target for the lymph node count after oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer. The beneficial effect of this count on survival may be achieved regardless of nodal metastases.
Feasibility of alcohol interventions in cardiology: a qualitative study of clinician perspectives in Sweden
Authors: Welfordsson Paul , Danielsson Anna-Karin , Björck Caroline , Grzymala-Lubanski Bartosz , Hambraeus Kristina , Lidin Matthias , Haugen Löfman Ida , Scheffel Birath Christina , Nilsson Olga , Braunschweig Frieder , Wallhed Finn Sara 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to implementing alcohol screening and brief interventions (SBI) in cardiology services.

Methods and results
This was a qualitative study. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 clinical cardiology staff (doctors, nurses, and assistant nurses) of varying experience levels and from various clinical settings (high-dependency unit, ward, and outpatient clinic), in three regions of Sweden. Reflexive thematic analysis was used, with deductive coding applying the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation (COM-B) theoretical framework. A total of 41 barriers and facilitators were identified, including 12 related to capability, 9 to opportunity, and 20 to motivation. Four themes were developed: (i) uncharted territory, where clinicians expressed a need to address alcohol use but lacked knowledge and a roadmap for implementing SBI; (ii) cardiology as a cardiovascular specialty, where tasks were prioritized according to established roles; (iii) alcohol stigma, where alcohol was reported to be a sensitive topic that staff avoid discussing with patients; and (iv) window of opportunity, where staff expressed potential for implementing SBI in routine cardiology care.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that opportunities exist for early identification and follow-up of hazardous alcohol use within routine cardiology care. Several barriers, including low knowledge, stigma, a lack of ownership, and a greater focus on other risk factors, must be addressed prior to the implementation of SBI in cardiology. To meet current clinical guidelines, there is a need to increase awareness and to improve pathways to addiction care. In addition, there may be a need for clinicians dedicated to alcohol interventions within cardiology services.

Registration
OSF (osf.io/hx3ts).
More than the sum of its parts: uncovering emerging effects of microbial interactions in complex communities
Authors: Geesink Patricia , ter Horst Jolanda , Ettema Thijs J G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Microbial communities are not only shaped by the diversity of microorganisms and their individual metabolic potential, but also by the vast amount of intra- and interspecies interactions that can occur pairwise interactions among microorganisms, we suggest that more attention should be drawn towards the effects on the entire microbiome that emerge from individual interactions between community members. The production of certain metabolites that can be tied to a specific microbe-microbe interaction might subsequently influence the physicochemical parameters of the habitat, stimulate a change in the trophic network of the community or create new micro-habitats through the formation of biofilms, similar to the production of antimicrobial substances which might negatively affect only one microorganism but cause a ripple effect on the abundance of other community members. Here, we argue that combining established as well as innovative laboratory and computational methods is needed to predict novel interactions and assess their secondary effects. Such efforts will enable future microbiome studies to expand our knowledge on the dynamics of complex microbial communities.
An experience of multidisciplinary tutorials sessions about antibiotics in the third year of pharmacy studies in Angers, France: learning assessment and evaluation of students’ feelings by a mixed approach
Authors: Taisne Audrey , Legeay Samuel , Baglin Isabelle , Duval Olivier , Eveillard Matthieu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For undergraduate pharmacy students, the first step of antimicrobial stewardship learning objectives is to integrate antimicrobial knowledge from the foundational sciences. We hypothesised that using a multidisciplinary approach including two sessions of tutorials could be relevant in term of students’ interest, satisfaction and learning retention time. The evaluation of students’ feelings was based on a questionnaire including different dimensions and three focus groups with four students. Quantitative data were analysed with the EPI-INFO 7.2 software and a thematic analysis was implemented for qualitative data by using NVivo 12 software. The evaluation of students’ learning concerned both short-time learning retention (STLR) and medium-time learning retention (MTLR), six months after the last session. Overall, 63 students responded to the questionnaire. Most of them appreciated the tutorials according to the different dimensions envisaged. Focus groups confirmed the interest of students for the multidisciplinary approach, interactions with teachers and opportunities of learning transfers. Concurrently, a lack of self-efficacy, low confidence towards the other students, external regulation of motivation and poor autonomy were recorded for some participants. Finally, there was no significant decrease between the scores of the STLR assessment and those of the MTLR assessment (58.5 ± 12.1/100 and 54.4 ± 8.9/100, respectively).
‘Le cinéma n’est que la fiente de la culture’: negotiating the position and content of French culture in postwar Britain
Authors: Faucher Charlotte 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the early 1950s French diplomats pondered over how much space to grant to forms of popular culture within French cultural diplomacy in Britain, which had largely relied on academic culture over the previous decades. The debate over what forms of culture were suitable for a British audience intensified over the role that should be given to cinema. This article argues that the democratization of cultural diplomacy in the postwar period did not follow the same rationale as the processes of democratization taking place in mainland France at the same time. For diplomats in Britain organizing film screenings and participative encounters around the French language and arts, the aim was not to build a more equal and open society, but rather to ensure that as broad an audience as possible understood the values of France and its significance for Britain and the world.
Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly for Clubrush (Bolboschoenus planiculmis) Indicates a Karyotype with High Chromosome Number and Heterogeneous Centromere Distribution
Authors: Ning Yu , Li Yang , Lin Hai Yan , Kang En Ze , Zhao Yu Xin , Dong Shu Bin , Li Yong , Xia Xiao Fei , Wang Yi Fei , Li Chun Yi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F.Schmidt) T.V.Egorova is a typical wetland plant in the species-rich Cyperaceae family. This species contributes prominently to carbon dynamics and trophic integration in wetland ecosystems. Previous studies have reported that the chromosomes of B. planiculmis are holocentric; i.e. they have kinetic activity along their entire length and carry multiple centromeres. This feature was suggested to lead to a rapid genome evolution through chromosomal fissions and fusions and participate to the diversification and ecological success of the Bolboschoenus genus. However, the specific mechanism remains uncertain, partly due to the scarcity of genetic information on Bolboschoenus. We present here the first chromosome-level genome assembly for B. planiculmis. Through the integration of high-quality long-read and short-read data, together with chromatin conformation using Hi-C technology, the ultimate genome assembly was 238.01 Mb with a contig N50 value of 3.61 Mb. Repetitive elements constituted 37.04% of the genome, and 18,760 protein-coding genes were predicted. The low proportion of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (∼9.62%) was similar to that reported for other Cyperaceae species. The Ks (synonymous substitutions per synonymous site) distribution suggested no recent large-scale genome duplication in this genome. The haploid assembly contained a large number of 54 pseudochromosomes with a small mean size of 4.10 Mb, covering most of the karyotype. The results of centromere detection support that not all the chromosomes in B. planiculmis have multiple centromeres, indicating more efforts are needed to fully reveal the specific style of holocentricity in cyperids and its evolutionary significance.
Distribution and Functional Analysis of Isocitrate Dehydrogenases across Kinetoplastids
Authors: Chmelová Ľubomíra , Záhonová Kristína , Albanaz Amanda T S , Hrebenyk Liudmyla , Horváth Anton , Yurchenko Vyacheslav , Škodová-Sveráková Ingrid 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase is an enzyme converting isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate in the canonical tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. There are three different types of isocitrate dehydrogenase documented in eukaryotes. Our study points out the complex evolutionary history of isocitrate dehydrogenases across kinetoplastids, where the common ancestor of Trypanosomatidae and Bodonidae was equipped with two isoforms of the isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme: the NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 with possibly dual localization in the cytosol and mitochondrion and NADP+-dependent mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. In the extant trypanosomatids, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 is present only in a few species suggesting that it was lost upon separation of Trypanosoma spp. and replaced by the mainly NADP+-dependent cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 of bacterial origin in all the derived lineages. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that the omnipresent isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 has a dual localization in both mitochondrion and cytosol in at least four species that possess only this isoform. The apparent lack of the NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in trypanosomatid mitochondrion provides further support to the existence of the noncanonical TCA cycle across trypanosomatids and the bidirectional activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 when operating with NADP+ cofactor instead of NAD+. This observation can be extended to all 17 species analyzed in this study, except for Leishmania mexicana, which showed only low isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in the cytosol. The variability in isocitrate oxidation capacity among species may reflect the distinct metabolic strategies and needs for reduced cofactors in particular environments.
Association Between Serum NT-proBNP and Gray Matter Atrophy Patterns in an Older Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Hirabayashi Naoki , Hata Jun , Furuta Yoshihiko , Nakazawa Taro , Ohara Tomoyuki , Shibata Mao , Yamashita Fumio , Kitazono Takanari , Sudo Nobuyuki , Ninomiya Toshiharu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Several population-based studies have reported that higher serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are associated with brain morphological changes. However, no population-based studies have examined the relationship between serum NT-proBNP and various regional brain volumes in detail. We here analyzed the brain MRI data of 1 201 community-dwelling Japanese aged ≥65 years. Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) and intracranial volume (ICV) were estimated by applying voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methods. The associations of serum NT-proBNP with regional GMV/ICV were examined by analysis of covariance. The regional gray matter atrophy patterns associated with elevated serum NT-proBNP levels were investigated using VBM without a priori regions of interest. The multivariable-adjusted means of the frontal, temporal, hippocampal, parahippocampal, and entorhinal GMV/ICV decreased significantly with elevated serum NT-proBNP levels (all p for trend and q values of false discovery rate correction &lt; .05). In VBM, elevated serum NT-proBNP levels were correlated with atrophy of the bilateral hippocampi, bilateral amygdalas, bilateral parahippocampal gyri, bilateral entorhinal areas, bilateral fusiform gyri, left middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus, right central operculum, right posterior orbital gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyri, anterior cingulate gyrus and bilateral medial frontal cortices. In a sensitivity analysis excluding 254 participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, serum NT-proBNP levels were correlated with atrophy of the bilateral hippocampi, bilateral amygdalas, bilateral parahippocampal gyri, bilateral fusiform gyri, and left middle frontal gyrus. Our data suggest that elevated serum NT-proBNP levels are associated with gray matter atrophy in brain regions that play an important role in cognitive function.
Social Support, Health Behaviors, Self-Esteem, and Successful Aging in a Sub-Saharan African Sample of Older Adults: Test of a Sequential Mediation Model
Authors: Igbokwe Chima Charles , Ome Blessing Nneka , Chidebe Runcie C W , Igbokwe Beatrice Chinwe , Nwoke Mary Basil , Obioha Chidiebere Wisdom , Okechi Benard Chibuike , Chukwuorji JohnBosco Chika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Previous research demonstrates that social support facilitates successful aging across all cultures. However, the factors that potentially mediate the link between social support and successful aging remain unclear. This study examined whether a healthy lifestyle and self-esteem mediate the association between social support and successful aging. It was hypothesized that the relationship between social support (family, friends, and significant other) and successful aging would be serially mediated by both healthy lifestyle and self-esteem.

Research Design and Methods
Participants were 479 Nigerian retirees (53.4% female) aged 60 to 90 years (Mage = 64.81, SD = 6.86). They provided information on relevant demographic variables and completed the following measures: Fantastic Lifestyle Checklist (Fitness Appraisal), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale, and Successful Aging Inventory. Three separate regression models (family, friends, and significant other dimensions of social support) were conducted using the Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS with 5,000 bootstrap estimates.

Results
Controlling for age and sex, family support, significant other support, friends support, healthy lifestyle, and self-esteem were directly associated with successful aging. The association between family support and successful aging was mediated by healthy lifestyle; and this was also seen for friends’ support and significant other support. The sequential path from social support to successful aging through healthy lifestyle, and then via improved self-esteem, was significant for family support and significant other support, but not friends support.

Discussion and Implications
Findings suggest that middle-aged to older adults who have strong support from their families and significant others may be more likely to engage in healthy behaviors and, in turn, experience higher levels of self-esteem, thereby aging well.
Unmet need for mental health care is common across insurance market segments in the United States
Authors: Meiselbach Mark K , Ettman Catherine K , Shen Karen , Castrucci Brian C , Galea Sandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A substantial proportion of individuals with depression in the United States do not receive treatment. While access challenges for mental health care have been documented, few recent estimates of unmet mental health needs across insurance market segments exist. Using nationally representative survey data with participant-reported depression symptom severity and mental health care use collected in Spring 2023, we assessed access to mental health care among individuals with similar levels of depression symptom severity with commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, and no insurance. Among individuals who reported symptoms consistent with moderately severe to severe depression, 37.8% did not have a diagnosis for depression (41.0%, 28.1%, 33.6%, and 56.3% with commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, and no insurance), 51.9% did not see a mental health specialist (49.7%, 51.7%, 44.9%, and 91.8%), and 32.4% avoided mental health care due to affordability in the past 12 months (30.2%, 34.0%, 21.1%, and 54.8%). There was substantial unmet need for mental health treatment in all insurance market segments, but especially among individuals without insurance.
Analysis of resource utilization competition relationship supporting green low-carbon transformation development of the construction industry
Authors: Wang Bojun , Yang Yanping , Cao Jierui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to promote the green and low-carbon transformation development of China’s construction industry and support the optimal allocation of regional resources, this paper constructs a logistic mathematical model of industrial growth and analyzes the resource utilization competition between the construction industry and related industries. The results show that resource utilization competition can lead to the victory of one industry and the exclusion of another, or the stable coexistence of two competing industries, which mainly depends on the competition inhibition effect of the construction industry and related industries, and the relative size of resource load. The conclusion of this study will help the construction industry to innovate the mode and green construction technology, and promote the coordinated development of regional industrial systems.