bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital‐associated venous thromboembolism prophylaxis use by risk assessment at a large integrated health care network in Northern California
Authors: Xu James , Neeman Elad , Thai Khanh K. , Mishra Pranita , Schlessinger David , Clancy Heather , Myers Laura , Roubinian Nareg , Liu Vincent , Liu Raymond 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospital‐acquired venous thromboembolism (HA VTE) is a preventable complication in hospitalized patients.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the use of pharmacologic prophylaxis (pPPX) and compare two risk assessment methods for HA VTE: a retrospective electronic Padua Score (ePaduaKP) and admitting clinician's choice of risk within the admission orderset (low, moderate, or high).Design, Settings and ParticipantsWe retrospectively analyzed prophylaxis orders for adult medical admissions (2013–2019) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, excluding surgical and ICU patients.InterventionePaduaKP was calculated for all admissions. For a subset of these admissions, clinician‐assigned HA VTE risk was extracted.Main Outcome and MeasuresDescriptive pPPX utilization rates between ePaduaKP and clinician‐assigned risk as well as concordance between ePaduaKP and clinician‐assigned risk.ResultsAmong 849,059 encounters, 82.2% were classified as low risk by ePaduaKP, with 42.3% receiving pPPX. In the subset with clinician‐assigned risk (608,512 encounters), low and high ePaduaKP encounters were classified as moderate risk in 87.5% and 92.0% of encounters, respectively. Overall, 56.7% of encounters with moderate clinician‐assigned risk received pPPX, compared to 7.2% of encounters with low clinician‐assigned risk. pPPX use occurred in a large portion of low ePaduaKP risk encounters. Clinicians frequently assigned moderate risk to encounters at admission irrespective of their ePaduaKP risk when retrospectively examined. We hypothesize that the current orderset design may have negatively influenced clinician‐assigned risk choice as well as pPPX utilization. Future work should explore optimizing pPPX for high‐risk patients only.
Plasma lipids paediatric reference intervals: Indirect estimation using a large 14‐year database
Authors: Galozzi Paola , Padoan Andrea , Moretti Carlo , Aita Ada , Basso Daniela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesEstablishing direct reference intervals (RIs) for paediatric patients is a very challenging endeavour. Indirect RIs can address this problem, using existing clinical laboratory databases from real‐world data research. Compared to the traditional direct method, the indirect approach is highly practical, widely applicable, and low‐cost. Considering the relevance of dyslipidemia in the paediatric age, to provide better laboratory services to the local paediatric population, we established population‐specific lipid RIs via data mining.MethodsOur laboratory information system was searched for cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) of patients aged less than 18 years, performed from January 2009 until December 2022. RIs were estimated using RefineR algorithm.ResultsValues from 215,594 patients were initially collected. After refining data on the basis of specific exclusion criteria that left 17,933 patients, we determined the RIs for each analyte, including corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Age and sex partitions were required for proper stratification of the heterogenous subpopulations. Age‐related variations in TC and TG values were observed mainly in children until 5 years. RIs were defined for children less than 3 years and for those of 3–18 years. In our population, the obtained RIs were comparable with those of the literature, but the upper TG limit in subjects under the age of 3 (2.03 mmol/L with 95% CI: 1.45–2.86) was lower than that previously reported.ConclusionsOur RIs, necessary for paediatric lipid monitoring, are tailored to the serviced patient population as should be done whenever possible.
Halo effect measurement for mini‐light‐emitting diode backlight liquid crystal displays
Authors: Xinyu Wang , Zhiyong Lu , Guofeng Kuang , Guofu Tang , Chao Liu , Qinquan Zhang , Qiaozhen Lian , Xuerun Huang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe develop a measurement and evaluation system to quantify the halo effect of mini‐light‐emitting diode (LED) backlight liquid crystal displays (mLCDs). The validity and reliability of our halo measurement system was investigated through a human visual perception experiment. The results indicate that our halo measurement system can effectively distinguish the halo differences among different displays, with matching rate of 93.3% between our measurement and the human visual system.
Modified three‐layer vesicourethral reconstruction in robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy can change cystography pattern and improve early recovery of continence
Authors: Chen Hung‐Yi , Liu Jui‐Ming , Shao I‐Hung , Liu Kuan‐Lin , Lin Cheng‐Feng , Chang Ching‐Wen , Lin Cheng‐Chia , Wu Chun‐Te 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo determine early continence outcomes after three‐layer vesicourethral reconstruction during robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and the role of postoperative cystography pattern.MethodsBetween May 2015 and January 2019, a total of 170 consecutive patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent RARP, were divided into one‐ and three‐layer groups based on the method of vesicourethral reconstruction. Continent status, preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, clinicopathological variables, and cystography parameters were analyzed. The patients were followed up for at least 12 months.ResultsOf the 170 consecutive patients, 85 with one‐layer vesicourethral anastomosis, and 85 with three‐layer reconstruction. The continence rates immediately after catheter removal, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after RARP were 47.1%, 75.3%, 92.9%, and 98.8% in the three‐layer group; compared to 15.3%, 60%, 78.8%, and 90.6% in the one‐layer group, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, three‐layer reconstruction was the only independent variable with a 42% risk reduction of postprostatectomy incontinence (hazard ratio (HR): 0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.42–0.80, p = 0.001). Cystography in the three‐layer group revealed less anastomotic leakage, less sharp bladder neck angle, and higher bladder neck level category.ConclusionsThree‐layer anatomical reconstruction demonstrated promising early continence outcomes, and postoperative cystography revealed a specific pattern more associated with continence.
A novel mini‐retractor for retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Authors: Lu Xuwei , Guo Zhuifeng , Yang Guanwen , Yang Fan , Sun Yang , Zhang Sihong , Huang Jiaqi , He Minke , Wu Jiawen , Cheng Jie , Guo Jianming , Wang Hang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundRetroperitoneal partial nephrectomy (RLPN) is the premier treatment for localized renal tumors despite narrow operation space. Many efforts have been taken to facilitate the operation of RLPN, but the optimal resolution remains debatable.ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of using Mini‐lap to improve workspace and surgical vision in RLPN.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA multicenter retrospective review of 51 patients who underwent RLPN with Mini‐lap from January 2018 to December 2020 was conducted.Surgical ProcedureStandard RLPN under three poles was performed in all cases. We highlighted the usage of Mini‐lap (Teleflex Minilap percutaneous Surgical System) as a novel retractor in RLPN.Outcome and Measurements and Statical AnalysisDemographics, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.Results and LimitationsAll 51 cases completed RLPN with three ports successfully and no conversion to open surgery. The mean diameter of tumors was (3.53 ± 1.05) cm, in which 62.7% (32/51) were located anteriorly. The operation time and warm ischemic time (WIT) were (86.7 ± 15.9) min and (25.6 ± 5) min respectively. Minor complications (Clavien grade 1−2) occurred in 6 cases. The limitations were small sample size, retrospective design, and absence of control.ConclusionsMini‐lap could be used as a mini‐retractor in RLPN, sparing extra assistant ports, expanding workspace, and optimizing vision.Patient SummaryWith highlights of larger workspace and less instrument interference, mini‐lap could be applied in retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma: A case report of successful treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins
Authors: Winkler Julia K. , Haenssle Holger A. , Hoffmann Jochen , Toberer Ferdinand , Enk Alexander H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNecrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with paraproteinemia. Skin lesions of NXG are difficult to treat and various therapies have been evaluated with inconsistent results. A therapeutic standard has not been established. We report on a patient severely affected by mutilating skin and ocular lesions as well as lung infiltrates of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma. After failure of several previous therapies including dapsone and adalimumab, lesions significantly improved during therapy with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). IVIg are an effective treatment option to evaluate in NXG.
Meniscal extrusion consensus statement: A collaborative survey within the Meniscus International Network (MenIN) Study Group
Authors: Familiari Filippo , Chahla Jorge , Compagnoni Riccardo , DePhillipo Nicholas N. , Moatshe Gilbert , LaPrade Robert F. ,   Meniscus International Network (MenIN) Study Group
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the present study was to perform a survey administered to members of the Meniscus International Network (MenIN) Study Group, seeking to delineate the most contentious aspects of meniscal extrusion classification and provide a foundation for new, more comprehensive definitions and treatments for these pathologies.MethodsMenIN Study Group is a group of international experts treating and performing research on meniscus pathology and treatment. All MenIN Study Group members were asked to complete a survey aimed at establishing criteria for the optimal classification system for meniscal extrusion. Data obtained from the completed questionnaires were transferred into a spreadsheet and then analysed. All responses are presented as counts, percentages or means.ResultsForty‐seven (85.5%) MenIN Study Group members completed the survey and were included in this analysis. Key aspects recommended for inclusion in a comprehensive classification system for meniscal extrusion included laterality (93.6%), anatomical location (76.6%), patient age (76.6%), body mass index (BMI) (68.1%) and aetiology (68.1%). For classifying meniscal extrusion, 53.2% considered the distance in millimetres from the tibial plateau's outer margin as the most reliable measurement technique on imaging. Preferences for imaging modalities varied, with 44.7% favouring weight‐bearing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 36.2% opting for weight‐bearing ultrasound due to its greater availability. Respondents advocated for a classification system addressing stability or progression of meniscal extrusion (66%), reducibility (53.2%), potential progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) (83%), influencing treatment approaches (83%), a gradation system (83%), consideration of dynamic factors (66%), association with clinical outcomes and prognosis (76.6%) and investigation around centralization procedures (57.4%).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the findings of this survey shed light on the global perspectives regarding meniscal extrusion classification. It was generally felt that a new classification of extrusion measured on MRI scans at the mid‐tibial plateau should be developed, which considers factors such as laterality, anatomical location, age, BMI and aetiology. Additionally, the results support the integration of dynamic factors and clinical outcomes in MRI‐based classifications to inform treatment approaches.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Percutaneous delivery of liquid tetracycline using a thermal resurfacing drug delivery system for the treatment of festoons
Authors: Safir Margarita , Waizer Inbar , Safir Ari , Hartstein Morris E. , Artzi Ofir 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the effects of percutaneous tetracycline delivery to the malar area using a thermomechanical device (Tixel) in patients suffering from festoons.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who underwent combination treatment with a thermomechanical device (Tixel) followed by application of topical tetracycline 1% at two private clinics between 2019 and 2023. Demographic and medical data, treatment parameters along with before and after treatment photographs were retrieved retrospectively. All patients were asked to answer a questionnaire, assessing self‐reported pre and posttreatment disturbance, patient global impression of change (PGIC) score, overall satisfaction with treatment, and the onset and duration of treatment effect. Finally, three masked reviewers evaluated and graded the severity of before and after treatment photographs.ResultsTwenty healthy patients received the combination treatment. The mean age was 59.4 ± 8.2 years (range: 45–72 years), and 90.0% (n = 18) were female. The number of treatment sessions per patient ranged from 2 to 8, mean of 5.0 ± 1.9, performed at 5.4 ± 1.2‐week intervals. The masked reviewers' grading scores demonstrated a significant improvement (2.81 ± 1.3 before vs. 1.6 ± 1.1 after, p < 0.001). The self‐reported disturbance caused by the festoons improved significantly as well (4.7 ± 0.98 vs. 1.7 ± 1.1, p < 0.001). On the PGIC score, 85% (17/20) reported moderate (grade 5) to significant (grade 7) improvement of symptoms and life quality after treatment. Improvement onset was reported to occur 11.2 ± 6.6 days after the first treatment (range 2−30 days), and 90% (18/20) of the patients reported improvement lasting at least 4 months after completion of the second treatment.ConclusionsTopical tetracycline application following Tixel treatment induced significant improvement in patient with festoons.
The Repeatability of Pharyngeal Opening Pressure Under Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy
Authors: Chan Tyler G. , Plageman Jack , Yu Jason L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePharyngeal opening pressure (PhOP) is a measure of upper airway collapsibility that can be obtained during drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) using a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) titration. However, the stability of PhOP over the course of sedation during DISE remains unclear. This study aims to compare repeat measures of PhOP over the course of DISE.Study DesignSingle arm prospective study.SettingSingle tertiary care institution.MethodsPatients had 2 CPAP titrations while undergoing DISE. Collected data included patient demographics, PhOP, patient sedation index (PSI), and duration of and between CPAP titrations. t Tests, test‐retest coefficient analysis, and repeated measures correlation were performed.ResultsTwenty‐five patients completed the study between 2022 and 2023 with 22 patients having sedation depth (PSI) recording. Most were male (76%), obese (average body mass index: 30.24 kg/m2), with severe obstructive sleep apnea (average apnea‐hypopnea index: 39.8 events/hr). Test‐retest analysis showed good‐excellent correlation between PhOP values (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.892, P < .0001, n = 25). Average time between CPAP titrations was 15 minutes to 6 seconds. Over that time, PhOP increased by an average of 0.72 cmH2O (P = .06, n = 25) and PSI decreased by 9.5 units (P = .01, n = 22). Repeated measures correlation showed a weak negative correlation between PhOP and PSI (r = −.45, P = .03, n = 22).ConclusionThe results showed repeatability of PhOP values over the course of DISE. When adjusted for sedation depth (PSI), deeper sedation was weakly associated with greater PHOP. However, the magnitude of this change was small and we conclude that PhOP remains relatively stable over the course of DISE (Effects of Lung Volume on Upper Airway Patency During DISE [DISE‐Pulm], NCT05350332, clinicaltrials.gov).
National Cohort Data Suggests an Association Between Serious Mental Illness and Audiometric Hearing Loss
Authors: Alter Isaac L. , Tucker Lauren H. , Dragon Jacqueline M. , Grewal Maeher R. , Saperstein Alice , Stroup T. Scott , Medalia Alice A. , Golub Justin S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo explore whether there is an association between serious mental illness (SMI) and hearing loss (HL) among US Hispanic adults.Study Design and SettingCross‐sectional epidemiological study (Hispanic Community Health Study), including multicentered US volunteers.MethodsMultivariable linear regressions were conducted to study the association between SMI and HL. Adjustments were made for potential confounders including age, sex, education, vascular disease (hypertension or diabetes mellitus), and cognition. SMI was defined by (1) antipsychotic medication classification and (2) the use of at least 1 antipsychotic medication specifically used to treat SMI in clinical psychiatric practice. HL was measured by pure tone audiometry.ResultsA total of 7581 subjects had complete data. The mean age was 55.2 years (SD = 7.5 years) and the mean pure tone average in the better ear was 16.8 dB (SD = 10.7 dB). A total of 194 (2.6%) subjects were taking a HCHS‐defined antipsychotic and 98 (1.3%) were taking at least 1 antipsychotic specifically used to treat SMI. On multivariable regression, use of HCHS's classified antipsychotics was associated with 3.75 dB worse hearing (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.36‐5.13, P < .001) and use of antipsychotics specific for SMI was associated with 4.49 dB worse hearing (95% CI = 2.56‐6.43, P < .001) compared to those not using antipsychotics.ConclusionSMI, as defined by either the use of HCHS‐defined antipsychotics or the use of antipsychotic medication specific for SMI, is associated with worse hearing, controlling for potential confounders. Whether SMI contributes to HL, antipsychotic medication (through ototoxicity) contributes to HL, or whether HL contributes to SMI is unknown and warrants further investigation.
Lightweight, hydrostatic pressure‐resistance, thermal insulating epoxy syntactic foam with a multiscale ternary structure for marine engineering application
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Liu Weidong , Zeng Long , Zhang Lili , Bai Chengying , Shen Jun , Zheng Ting , Sun Bin , Qiao Yingjie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study of lightweight epoxy syntactic foams is of great significance for the exploitation of marine resources. In this work, glass fibers reinforced epoxy hollow spheres (GFs‐EHS) were first prepared using a template method, and a lightweight three‐phase epoxy syntactic foam (LWTP‐ESF) with a multiscale ternary structure was prepared using a molding pressing method with epoxy resin as matrix, hollow glass microspheres (HGMs), and GF‐EHS as the lightweight fillers. The effect of HGMs content on the density, uniaxial compression properties, water absorption, and thermal conductivity of obtained LWTP‐ESF was evaluated. The results indicated that the density, uniaxial compression strength, and thermal conductivity of LWTP‐ESF were consistently decreased, while the water absorption was increased with the increase in HGMs content. The highest specific compression strength and lowest thermal conductivity of LWTP‐ESF could reach 52.77 ± 0.82 MPa·cm3/g and 0.113 ± 0.005 W/(m·K), respectively. Moreover, the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the water absorption and thermal conductivity of LWTP‐ESF were also systematically analyzed. This study provides a novel system and method to prepare lightweight epoxy syntactic foams, and the prepared composites have potential applications in the field of lightweight thermal insulation materials for marine.Highlights
The composites with a multiscale ternary structure were designed.
The composites possessed significantly lower density and thermal conductivity.
The water absorption of composites under hydrostatic pressure was evaluated.
The thermal conductivity of composites under hydrostatic pressure was evaluated.
The water absorption mechanism and thermal insulation mechanism were proposed.
Fabrication and characterizations of screw pine root fiber reinforced soy composite as sustainable green composite
Authors: Pattnaik Shruti S. , Behera Diptiranjan , Pani Yubraj , Das Nigamananda , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K. , Behera Ajaya K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScrew pine root fibers are engineering fibers that have yet to be explored in terms of its chemistry with bio‐resin in biodegradable composites to replace nonbiodegradable thermoplastics used in packaging, automobiles, furniture, and industrial sectors. Screw pine root fibers are reinforced with soy, poly(vinyl alcohol), and soy‐poly(vinyl alcohol) resin systems in this work to create a variety of composites. Composites demonstrated highest amount of tensile strength at around 39.7 MPa, 37.6 MPa of flexural property, along with an impact strength around 12.4 kJ/m2. The thermal solidity of the optimized material was determined to be 235°C. After 24 hours of immersion, the composite had the lowest water absorption of 18.4%. All composites were shown to be biodegradable, losing about 54.2%–72.9% of their original mass after 60 days in soil burial. Unique characteristics such as the use of low‐cost agricultural materials, water‐based resin, stable composite, and properties such as moderately strong, safe disposal after service periods make these manufactured composites market feasible as consumer‐friendly/ecofriendly green products.Highlights
Screw pine root fibers were extracted from waste roots and used as reinforcement.
The tensile strength of the composite was achieved as 39.7 MPa.
The water absorption of hybrid composite was found 30.8% after 24 h.
After 60 days under soil burial, composite lost 67.5% of its original weight
Developed composites can be good alternant for nondegradable thermoplastic.
Design for the environment: SHJ module with ultra‐low carbon footprint
Authors: Béjat Timea , Gazbour Nouha , Boulanger Amandine , Monna Rémi , Varache Renaud , François Jérôme , Favre Wilfried , Roux Charles , Derrier Aude , Voroshazi Eszter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe photovoltaic (PV) industry is reaching an inflection point to become a major source of energy. Last decades brought important technical progression in modules' yield and durability. Already available technical solutions might reach the highest power output and the lowest environmental impact in a module. Nevertheless, cost remains the major driver for innovation; top PV panels must combine cost/delay/yield to reach reasonable market share. Our paper presents the development of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) modules with exemplary power and reliability with significantly reduced environmental impact and components sourced from Europe. In order to guide the technology choice in the design phase, we performed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) sensitivity study. For a standard PV module, we identify the main steps to improve in order to reduce its environmental footprint. This guided us to tackle the components with the highest impact on the carbon footprint, namely the wafer, glass front sheet and aluminium frame. The proposed improvements will be tested from technical and economic point of view and assembled within one PV module. At the cell scale, we achieved the reduction of the carbon footprint by reducing the thickness of the wafers issued from the European value chain. Optimisation of metallisation and cell interconnection has limited the consumption of silver (Ag), a critical raw metal. At the module level, we implemented the reduction of glass thickness and the replacement of the aluminium frame with a natural fibre‐based frame in a glass‐backsheet module configuration. In addition, we applied a ‘design for recycling’ approach for the choice of encapsulant and backsheet. The combination of these innovations led us to the realisation of a 566‐Wp recyclable module using a tiling interconnection, cells with an average efficiency of 22.57% with a carbon footprint of 313 kgCO2eq/kWp.