bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commercial cows' milk has uterotrophic activity on the uteri of young ovariectomized rats and immature rats
Authors: Ganmaa Davaasambuu , Tezuka Hideo , Enkhmaa Davaasambuu , Hoshi Kazuhiko , Sato Akio 
Published: December 2005

AbstractCows' milk contains considerable quantities of estrogens, mainly in the form of estrone sulfate (ES). To determine whether the commercial milk has any biologically significant hormonal effects, 2 series of uterotrophic tests were performed, 1 with young ovariectomized rats and the other with sexually immature rats. Thirty‐six rats were used for each test. They were divided into 3 groups of 12 animals each, and were kept for 7 days on powdered chow with 1 of 3 drinking solutions: low‐fat milk (LFM), artificial milk (AM, negative control), or AM containing ES at 100 ng/ml (positive control). At autopsy, both the wet and blotted uterine weights were measured. The cell heights of uterine epithelia in ovariectomized rats were also determined. The significance of differences among groups was tested by Dunnett's multiple comparisons test. In each test, the weights of the uteri in the LFM group were significantly greater than those of the respective weights in the AM group (p < 0.01). Furthermore, in ovariectomized rats, the uterine epithelial‐cell height in the LFM group was significantly greater than that observed in the AM group (p < 0.01). The uterotrophic effect of 100 ng/ml ES solution was greater than that of LFM in immature rats (p < 0.01), whereas the effect of the solution was almost comparable to that of LFM in young ovariectomized rats (p > 0.05). In conclusion, commercially available milk has uterotrophic effects in both young ovariectomized rats and sexually immature rats. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gastric cancer screening and subsequent risk of gastric cancer: A large‐scale population‐based cohort study, with a 13‐year follow‐up in Japan
Authors: Lee Kyung‐Jae , Inoue Manami , Otani Tetsuya , Iwasaki Motoki , Sasazuki Shizuka , Tsugane Shoichiro 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWe prospectively investigated the association between gastric cancer screening and subsequent risk of gastric cancer in a large‐scale population‐based prospective cohort study, with a 13‐year follow‐up in Japan. Data were analyzed from a population‐based cohort of 42,150 (20,326 men and 21,824 women) subjects. Approximately 36% of subjects reported that they had undergone screening photofluorography during the preceding 12 months, and were regarded as the screened group. A total of 179 gastric cancer deaths and 636 incident gastric cancers were identified during the follow‐up period. We observed a 2‐fold decrease in gastric cancer mortality in screened versus unscreened subjects (RR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.36–0.74). The extent of the reduction in mortality for gastric cancer was greater than in death from all causes excluding gastric cancer (RR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.65–0.78). A significant decrease in the incidence of advanced gastric cancer was observed in screened subjects (RR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.58–0.96), although the overall incidence rate did not differ significantly between the screened and unscreened subjects (RR = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.90–1.25). In age‐stratified analyses, a significant reduction in gastric cancer mortality was seen in screened subjects aged 40–49 years at baseline, compared with a lesser reduction in screened subjects aged 50–59 (RR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.13–0.72; and RR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.40–0.88, respectively). These findings suggest that gastric cancer screening may be associated with a reduced risk of mortality from gastric cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation and characterization of RF magnetron sputtered calcium pyrophosphate coatings
Authors: Yonggang Yan , Wolke J.G.C. , Yubao Li , Jansen J.A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractCaP ceramic has been widely used as coating on metals in orthopedics and oral dentistry. Variations in CaP composition can lead to different dissolution/precipitation behavior and may also affect the bone response. In the present study calcium pyrophosphate and hydroxylapatite coatings were successfully prepared by RF magnetron sputtering deposition. The phase composition, morphological properties, and the dissolution in SBF were characterized by using XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, and spectrophotometry. The results showed that all the sputtered coatings were amorphous and changed into a crystal structure after IR‐radiation. The temperature for the crystallization of the amorphous coatings is lower for the hydroxylapatite coating (550°C), compared to the calcium pyrophosphate coating (650°C). All sputtered amorphous coatings were instable in SBF and dissolved partially within 4 wks of incubation. The heat‐treated coatings appeared to be stable after incubation. These results showed that magnetron sputtering of calcium pyrophosphate coating is a promising method for forming a biocompatible ceramic coating. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Directional/acidic dissolution kinetics of (OH,F,Cl)‐bearing apatite
Authors: Tseng Wan‐Ju , Lin Chung‐Cherng , Shen Po‐Wen , Shen Pouyan 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDirectional dissolution of a natural (OH,F,Cl)‐bearing apatite has been studied at various solution pH values (0–3) and 30°C. This apatite showed abnormally high OH stretching frequencies due to the substitution of Cl for OH. The advance of dissolution front indicated that steady‐state directional dissolution for pH = 0–2 followed an apparent rate law of Rate = ka (in mole/m2h), where the rate constants (k) are 2.15 and 1.61; and the rate orders (n) are 1.44 and 1.30 for [0001] and <1120> directions, respectively. Previous study, however, indicated a smaller n value (n = 0.55–0.70) for fluorapatite powders at higher pHs. A nonlinear pH dependence of logarithmic dissolution rate at a wide pH range implied that the surface active sites and/or rate‐determining steps have changed when the acidity of solution and/or the composition of the apatite were changed. The opening of etch pits on basal planes further indicated that the dissolution rates along the three principal directions have the following relationship: [0001] > <1120> > <1010> for pH=0–1, but the order was reversed for pH > 3. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
The influence of functional groups of self‐assembled monolayers on fibrous capsule formation and cell recruitment
Authors: Barbosa Judite N. , Madureira Pedro , Barbosa Mário A. , Águas Artur P. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe contribution of the surface chemistry of an implant to the thickness of the fibrous capsule formed after implantation was herein investigated. For that, self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols on gold with different terminal functional groups (COOH, OH, and CH3) were used. These surfaces were implanted in subcutaneous air pouches of BALB/c mice and the ensuing fibrous capsules were evaluated and compared with the initial inflammatory response caused by the implant. The thickness of the fibrous capsules that are under organization around the implant was measured 1 week after implantation by histology. Inflammatory exudates were collected from the air pouches 24 h after the implantation of SAMs and were analyzed by flow cytometry. A significant increase in the thickness of fibrous capsules was seen around implanted CH3‐terminated SAMs, and also in gold surfaces, in comparison with the air pouch wall of sham‐operated mice and of COOH‐ and OH‐covered SAMs. The CH3‐coated implants also recruited higher numbers of inflammatory cells; this enhancement involved a significant number of Mac‐1+ cells. Our data indicate that implant surfaces coated with CH3 induce thick fibrous capsules and this may be the result of the stronger inflammatory effect of CH3 in comparison with COOH or OH chemical groups. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Effect of an acidulated fluoride etchant on bonding between titanium and two luting materials
Authors: Yang Lei , Taira Yohsuke , Atsuta Mitsuru 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAdhesive bonding between resin and titanium is useful for resin‐bonded prostheses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an etchant, consisting of ammonium hydrogen fluoride (AHF) and phosphoric acid (PA), in titanium bonding. Cast specimens of commercially pure titanium were air‐abraded with alumina and etched for 30 s, after which a primer (ALP) was applied. An acrylic rod was bonded to the specimen with one of the two luting agents being examined (Super‐Bond QUICK and Panavia F2.0). Shear bond strengths were determined following 10,000 thermocycles. When Panavia F2.0 was applied, neither the etchant nor the ALP primer showed significant effect on bond strength. The postthermocycling bond strength of Super‐Bond QUICK was significantly improved with the use of an etchant and ALP primer. Although microscopic observation revealed that considerable numbers of submicron pits were created on the specimens etched using AHF with PA, no significant difference in bond strength was detected in the application of AHF, with or without PA. The present findings suggested that the improved bonding durability was due to the micromechanical retention between the resin and the microscopically roughened titanium surface. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006
A theoretical study of thermal [1,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangements of 3‐trimethylsilyl‐1‐pyrazoline: Concerted vs. stepwise mechanisms
Authors: Lim Chultack , Lee Hee Soon , Kwak Young‐Woo , Choi Cheol Ho 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPossible reaction mechanisms of 1,3‐silyl and 1,3‐hydrogen thermal rearrangements of trimethylsilyl‐1‐pyrazoline and its model systems were theoretically explored using B3LYP, MP2, CR‐CCSD(T), CASSCF(6,5), and MRMP2(6,5) theories. Nitrogen substitution at the center position of allylic moiety turned out to have a special stabilizing effect on diradical intermediates, allowing a stepwise pathway. This substitutional effect was attributed to the nitrogen lone pair electrons, which form strong π‐conjugations with diradicals. The second nitrogen substitution at the terminal allylic position selectively reduces the reaction barrier of antarafacial retention pathway, creating a competition between concerted and stepwise channels. The introduction of a five‐membered ring imposes ring strain on the allylic moiety and increases steric hindrance, allowing no antarafacial channels. The combined effect of the nitrogen substitution and the five‐membered ring further removes the possibility of concerted reaction pathways. Therefore 1,3‐silyl migrations of 3‐trimethylsilyl‐1‐pyrazoline were found to occur only through stepwise mechanisms, implying that the Woodward–Hoffmann rule is not operative. The 1,3‐hydrogen migration also occur via a stepwise mechanism; however, it would not occur easily because its reaction barrier is much higher than that of 1,3‐silyl migrations. Current study shows that a stepwise mechanism can be the dominant reaction pathway of some particular [1,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangements. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 228–237, 2006
RETRACTED: Nuclear clusterin accumulation during heat shock response: Implications for cell survival and thermo‐tolerance induction in immortalized and prostate cancer cells
Authors: Caccamo Alessandro E. , Desenzani Silvia , Belloni Lucia , Borghetti Angelo F. , Bettuzzi Saverio 
Published: December 2005

AbstractClusterin (CLU), whose role is still debated, is differentially regulated in several patho‐physiological processes and invariably induced during apoptosis. In heat shock response, CLU is considered a stress‐inducible, pro‐survival/cyto‐protective factor via an HSE element present in his promoter. In both human prostate PNT1A and PC‐3 epithelial cells we found that apoptotic stimuli induced nuclear localization of CLU (nCLU), and that overexpression of nCLU is pro‐apoptotic. We show here that CLU time‐course accumulation kinetic is different from that of HSP70 in these cells, thus other factor(s) might mediate HSF‐1 activation and CLU expression. Sub‐lethal heat shock inhibited the secretion of CLU (sCLU), leading to increased cytoplasm accumulation of CLU (cCLU) in association to cell survival. At difference, lethal heat stress caused massive accumulation of pro‐apoptotic nCLU in cells dying by caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis. Double heat stress (sub‐lethal heat shock followed by recovery and lethal stress) induced HSP70 and thermo‐tolerance in PNT1A cells, but not in PC‐3 cells. In PNT1A cells, CLU secretion was inhibited and cCLU was accumulated, suggesting that cCLU might be pro‐survival, while in PC‐3 cells accumulation of nCLU was concomitant to caspase‐3 induction and PARP activation instead. Thus, CLU expression/sub‐cellular localization is strictly related to cell fate. In particular, nCLU and physiological levels of HSP70 affected cell survival in an antagonistic fashion. Prevalence of heat‐induced nCLU, not allowing PC‐3 cells to cope with heat shock, could be the rational explaining why malignant cells are more sensitive to heat when delivered by minimally invasive procedures for ablation of localized prostate cancer. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 208–219, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EGF blocks NADPH oxidase activation by TGF‐β in fetal rat hepatocytes, impairing oxidative stress, and cell death
Authors: Carmona‐Cuenca Irene , Herrera Blanca , Ventura Juan‐José , Roncero César , Fernández Margarita , Fabregat Isabel 
Published: December 2005

AbstractEpidermal growth factor (EGF) is a survival signal for transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β)‐induced apoptosis in hepatocytes, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI 3‐K) being involved in this effect. Here, we analyze the possible cross talks between EGF and TGF‐β signals to understand how EGF impairs the early pro‐apoptotic events induced by TGF‐β. Data have indicated that neither SMAD nor c‐Jun NH2 Terminal Kinase (JNK) activations are altered by EGF, which clearly interferes with events directly related to the radical oxygen species (ROS) production, impairing oxidative stress, p38 MAP kinase activation, and cell death. Activation of a NADPH‐oxidase‐like system, which is responsible for the early ROS production by TGF‐β, is completely inhibited by EGF, through a PI 3‐K‐dependent mechanism. Activity of RAC1 increases by TGF‐β, but also by EGF, and both act synergistically to get maximum effects. Fetal rat hepatocytes express nox4, in addition to nox1 and nox2, and TGF‐β clearly upregulates nox4. EGF blocks up‐regulation of nox4 by TGF‐β. Interestingly, in the presence of PI 3‐K inhibitors, EGF is not able to counteract the nox4 upregulation by TGF‐β. Taking together these results indicate that impairment of TGF‐β‐induced NADPH oxidase activation by EGF is a RAC1‐independent process and correlates with an inhibition of the mechanisms that address the increase of nox4 mRNA levels by TGF‐β. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 322–330, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SEL1L a multifaceted protein playing a role in tumor progression
Authors: Biunno Ida , Cattaneo Monica , Orlandi Rosaria , Canton Cristina , Biagiotti Laura , Ferrero Stefano , Barberis Massimo , Pupa Serenella M. , Scarpa Aldo , Ménard Sylvie 
Published: December 2005

AbstractSince the cloning in 1997 of SEL1L, the human ortholog of the sel‐1 gene of C. elegans, most studies have focused on its role in cancer progression and have provided significant evidences to link its increased expression to a decrease in tumor aggressiveness. SEL1L resides on a “Genome Desert area” on chromosome 14q24.3‐31 and is highly conserved in evolution. The function of the SEL1L encoded protein is still very elusive although, several evidences from lower organisms indicate that it plays a major role in protein degradation using the ubiquitin‐proteosome system. SEL1L has a very complex structure made up of modules: genomically it consists of 21 exons featuring several alternative transcripts encoding for putative protein isoforms. This structural complexity ensures protein flexibility and specificity, indeed the protein was found in different sub‐cellular compartments and may turn on a particular transcript in response to specific stimuli. The overall architecture of SEL1L guarantees an exquisite regulation in the expression of the gene. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of Kv1.1 and Nav1.5 in proliferation of gastric epithelial cells
Authors: Wu William Ka Kei , Li Gui Rong , Wong Helen Pui Shan , Hui Marco King Cheung , Tai Emily Kin Ki , Lam Emily Kai Yee , Shin Vivian Yvonne , Ye Yi Ni , Li Peng , Yang Ying Hua , Luo Jiing Chyuan , Cho Chi Hin 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn the present study, patch clamp experiments demonstrated the expression of multiple ionic currents, including a Ba2+‐sensitive inward rectifier K+ current (IKir), a 4‐aminopyridine‐ (4‐AP) sensitive delayed rectifier K+ current (IKDR), and a nifedipine‐sensitive, tetrodotoxin‐resistant inward Na+ current (INa.TTXR) in the non‐transformed rat gastric epithelial cell line RGM‐1. RT‐PCR revealed molecular identities of mRNAs for the functional ionic currents, including Kir1.2 for IKir, Kv1.1, Kv1.6, and Kv2.1 for IKDR, and Nav1.5 for INa.TTXR. Pharmacologic blockade of Kv and Nav, but not Kir, suppressed RGM‐1 cell proliferation. To further elucidate which subtypes of the ion channels were involved in cell proliferation, RNA interference was employed to knockdown specific gene expression. Downregulation of Kv1.1 or Nav1.5 by RNA interference suppressed RGM‐1 cell proliferation. To conclude, our study is the first to delineate the expression of ion channels and their functions as growth modulators in gastric epithelial cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 437–444, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recording high quality speech during tagged cine‐MRI studies using a fiber optic microphone
Authors: NessAiver Moriel S. , Stone Maureen , Parthasarathy Vijay , Kahana Yuvi , Paritsky Alex 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the feasibility of obtaining high quality speech recordings during cine imaging of tongue movement using a fiber optic microphone.Materials and MethodsA Complementary Spatial Modulation of Magnetization (C‐SPAMM) tagged cine sequence triggered by an electrocardiogram (ECG) simulator was used to image a volunteer while speaking the syllable pairs /a/‐/u/, /i/‐/u/, and the words “golly” and “Tamil” in sync with the imaging sequence. A noise‐canceling, optical microphone was fastened approximately 1–2 inches above the mouth of the volunteer. The microphone was attached via optical fiber to a laptop computer, where the speech was sampled at 44.1 kHz. A reference recording of gradient activity with no speech was subtracted from target recordings.ResultsGood quality speech was discernible above the background gradient sound using the fiber optic microphone without reference subtraction. The audio waveform of gradient activity was extremely stable and reproducible. Subtraction of the reference gradient recording further reduced gradient noise by roughly 21 dB, resulting in exceptionally high quality speech waveforms.ConclusionIt is possible to obtain high quality speech recordings using an optical microphone even during exceptionally loud cine imaging sequences. This opens up the possibility of more elaborate MRI studies of speech including spectral analysis of the speech signal in all types of MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glucocorticoids inhibit tenocyte proliferation and Tendon progenitor cell recruitment
Authors: Scutt Nanette , Rolf Christer G. , Scutt Andrew 
Published: December 2005

AbstractCorticosteroid injection is commonly used to treat tendon injuries but is often associated with tendon rupture and impaired tendon healing. The effects of dexamethasone on tenocytes have been studied in vitro but only using high concentrations of dexamethasone in monolayer cultures of tenocytes over short periods of time. We have therefore investigated the effects of physiological and pharmacological concentrations of dexamethasone on monolayer cultures of tenocytes over extended time periods. We have also used fibroblastic‐colony forming unit cultures to examine the effects of dexamethasone on a progenitor cell population located in tendons. Culturing tenocytes in the presence of dexamethasone for a period of 24 days resulted in a concentration‐related decrease in cell number and collagen synthesis as compared to control cultures. This effect was time dependent with cell number in both dexamethasone‐treated and control cultures leveling off after 14 days with the control cultures reaching higher cell densities. In contrast in control cultures, collagen accumulation continued to increase until week 4, whereas in the presence of dexamethasone, this tended to level off after 14 days. To study the role of progenitor cell recruitment, the effects of dexamethasone were investigated using the fibroblastic‐colony forming unit assay. Treatment with dexamethasone at concentrations of 0.1 nM to 10 µM leads to a progressive reduction in mean colony size as compared to control cultures. Colony number remained constant at concentrations below 10 nM but fell progressively at concentrations above this. In conclusion, dexamethasone reduces both cell number and collagen synthesis in tenocyte cultures in a concentration‐dependent manner by both direct effects on tenocyte proliferation and collagen accumulation, and also by modulating the recruitment of tendon progenitor cells. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Anatomy of the posterolateral aspect of the goat knee
Authors: LaPrade Robert F. , Kimber Kristofer A. , Wentorf Fred A. , Olson Erik J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the anatomy of the posterolateral aspect of the goat knee for future in vivo studies using a goat model to examine the natural history of posterolateral knee injuries. Twelve nonpaired, fresh‐frozen, adult goat knees were dissected to determine the anatomy of the posterolateral corner. The main posterolateral structures identified in the goat knee were the lateral collateral ligament, the popliteus muscle and tendon, popliteomeniscal fascicles, and the lateral gastrocnemius muscle. The lateral collateral ligament was extra‐articular and coursed from its proximal attachment, located posterior and proximal to the lateral epicondyle, to its distal attachment on the lateral aspect of the fused proximal tibiofibula. The popliteus muscle attached to the medial edge of the posterodistal tibia, traveled anterolaterally, became intra‐articular at its musculotendinous junction, and attached to the lateral femur just distal to the lateral epicondyle. Distinct popliteomeniscal fascicles attached the lateral meniscus to the popliteus muscle and tendon, and a fascial attachment from the musculotendinous junction of the popliteus muscle coursed to the lateral tibial plateau. This study provided information on the structures present in the posterolateral aspect of the goat knee and enhanced our understanding of their relationships to analogous structures in the human knee. This information is important to enable future development of potential models of the natural history of posterolateral knee injuries and also to test surgical techniques and the in vivo effects of these injuries on cruciate ligament reconstructions. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res