bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling of PI3K/Akt Pathway in Microglia
Authors: Poshtkohi Alireza , Wade John , McDaid Liam , Liu Junxiu , Dallas Mark L. , Bithell Angela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The motility of microglia involves intracellular signaling pathways that are predominantly controlled by changes in cytosolic Ca2+ and activation of PI3K/Akt (phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B). In this letter, we develop a novel biophysical model for cytosolic Ca2+ activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in microglia where Ca2+ influx is mediated by both P2Y purinergic receptors (P2YR) and P2X purinergic receptors (P2XR). The model parameters are estimated by employing optimization techniques to fit the model to phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) experimental modeling/in vitro data. The integrated model supports the hypothesis that Ca2+ influx via P2YR and P2XR can explain the experimentally reported biphasic transient responses in measuring pAkt levels. Our predictions reveal new quantitative insights into P2Rs on how they regulate Ca2+ and Akt in terms of physiological interactions and transient responses. It is shown that the upregulation of P2X receptors through a repetitive application of agonist results in a continual increase in the baseline [Ca2+], which causes the biphasic response to become a monophasic response which prolongs elevated levels of pAkt.
Learning Korobov Functions by Correntropy and Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Fang Zhiying , Mao Tong , Fan Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Combining information-theoretic learning with deep learning has gained significant attention in recent years, as it offers a promising approach to tackle the challenges posed by big data. However, the theoretical understanding of convolutional structures, which are vital to many structured deep learning models, remains incomplete. To partially bridge this gap, this letter aims to develop generalization analysis for deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms using learning theory. Specifically, we focus on investigating robust regression using correntropy-induced loss functions derived from information-theoretic learning. Our analysis demonstrates an explicit convergence rate for deep CNN-based robust regression algorithms when the target function resides in the Korobov space. This study sheds light on the theoretical underpinnings of CNNs and provides a framework for understanding their performance and limitations.
“The Customs of Our Ancestors Are in Our Hands”
Authors: Muir Simo , Tuori Riikka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Jewish community of Finland represents a continuum of Eastern European Ashkenazic Orthodoxy that survived the Shoah intact. During recent decades there have been significant changes in the demography of the local congregations, and these changes have influenced the religiosity of the members: while secularism and indifference to religion have grown, many members have turned toward stricter observance of Halakhah. This article looks at these changes and how the informants relate themselves to the customs of past generations in their everyday lives by means of an analytic model developed in the study of vernacular religion.
On Urban Buddhism: a Humanistic, Secularizing, and Universal Buddhism
Authors: Huang Weishan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I explore the religious project initiated by the renowned abbot Juexing 觉醒 and a group of scholars to create a typology of Urban Buddhism (dushi fojiao 都市佛教). This religious project is discussed here as a political attempt at reform extending over the last two decades. I first review the recent discourse on Urban Buddhism, drawing on monastic and elite narratives from the turn of the century. Second, I compare Juexing’s work with the studies of other scholars who have contributed to the development of the concept of Urban Buddhism. Although some of these scholars did not use the actual term “Urban Buddhism,” their research is still relevant to the field. After reviewing Juexing’s political project, I conclude that the term “Humanistic Buddhism” (renjian fojiao 人间佛教) has been transformed into “Urban Buddhism” to renew its meaning. Embracing Urban Buddhism means adapting to modernity and signifies a move toward a more universal form of Buddhism for Buddhist leaders in Shanghai.
Crisis, Modernity, and the State: Reflections on Roy Tseng’s Confucian Liberalism
Authors: El Amine Loubna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
What is “Confucian liberalism” a response to? In this essay, I elicit a political, rather than merely philosophical, crisis in the background of Roy Tseng’s argument in Confucian Liberalism: Mou Zongsan and Hegelian Liberalism. This crisis stems from Western imperialism vis-à-vis China starting in the late nineteenth century. It also takes the form of a challenge of legitimacy for the modern Chinese state. Identifying the relevant crisis in this way leads me to question the suitability of Hegel as a companion to Confucian liberalism. It also leads me to suggest the necessity of an institutional approach that gives due consideration to the imperial legacy and the infrastructural power of the state in China today.
Shape-Changing Wood Joints in Crafts and Industry and Their Potential for Building Construction and Wood Culture
Authors: Salzberger Max , Klein Tillmann , Hemmerling Marco , Konstantinou Thaleia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Timber has regained popularity in construction in recent years due to its ecological benefits. The connection methods used in this study play a vital role in the sustainability of structures and materials. Monomaterial timber connections are sustainable alternatives to metal fasteners and adhesives commonly used in construction. Wood is an anisotropic material with dimensional changes resulting from changes in atmospheric conditions. Understanding and accounting for this property are crucial for the longevity and functionality of wooden structures. The cumulative knowledge of wood´s material characteristics and its use in design, construction, and human culture can be defined as wood culture developed through artists’ and craftsmen’s experiences, science, and industry. The development of various techniques by artisans to leverage the dimensional change in wood to join timber elements is a major contribution to wood culture. In contrast, until now, the timber industry has mainly focused on limiting or controlling these changes in standardized production and has neglected their use for joining timber elements. However, technological advances have changed dramatically. The digital manufacturing and analysis of wood structures have the potential to guide machine tools and may allow the integration of dimensional changes, especially in the design and construction of timber joints. This study explores the state-of-the-art utilization of dimensional changes in timber to join elements in craft, material science, and industrial production. The potential of techniques utilizing this behavior for innovation in modern design and construction and their implications for wood culture were examined. Research gaps and avenues for further research are identified.
Examining the Relationship Between Nurse Fatigue, Alertness, and Medication Errors
Authors: Farag Amany , Gallagher Jacob , Carr Lucas 
Published: March 2024

Background: Working for extended hours in a physically and mentally demanding profession has subjected nurses to occupational fatigue. Limited evidence exists about nurse fatigue and alertness changes throughout shift work and their relationship with medication errors and near misses. Purpose: The purposes of this study were to: (1) assess the relationship between nurses’ fatigue and alertness, (2) evaluate nurses’ fatigue and alertness changes throughout their shift, and (3) examine the relationship between nurses’ fatigue, alertness, and medication errors and near misses. Methods: This prospective study is part of a larger mixed-method study. Fatigue and alertness data from 14 work and non-workdays were collected from a convenience sample of 90 nurses. A wearable actigraph (ReadibandTM) was used to measure alertness, while ecological momentary assessment (EMA) using text messaging was used to measure nurses’ fatigue. Results: A 1-unit increase in fatigue was associated with a 1.06-unit reduction in nurses’ alertness score (β = –1.06, 95% CI: [–1.33, –0.78], p < .01). Night-shift nurses experienced a 31-point reduction in alertness from the start to the end of the work shift. Nurses’ fatigue, but not alertness, was associated with medication errors and near misses (OR = 1.26, 95% CI [1.07, 1.48], p = .01). Conclusion: Initiating fatigue mitigation measures during mid-shift, especially for night-shift nurses, may be a viable option to mitigate fatigue and alertness deterioration among nurses and to maintain patient safety. The multifaceted nature of fatigue, as captured by EMA, is a stronger predictor of medication errors and near misses than device-measured alertness.
Thematic Analysis of Alzheimer’s Medication Management Discussion in a Non-Moderated Online Forum
Authors: Liu Jia , Meyer Kylie , Glassner Ashlie , Gonzales Mitzi , Bartlett Ellis Rebecca J. , Park Hyejin , Song Lixin , Patel Neela , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2024

Background: Managing medications for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias is challenging for caregivers. Information about caregivers’ strategies to manage these challenges is needed to inform intervention development. Objective: This study aimed to understand caregivers’ medication management experiences by analyzing online community discussions. Methods: Posts were extracted from the ALZConnected® Forum using keywords “medication” and “drug” via web scraping. The researchers applied thematic analysis. Results: Four major themes emerged: (1) role transition of medication management responsibilities, (2) caregivers’ uncertainty about medication purpose and values, (3) conflicts between the care recipients and caregivers, and (4) difficulty accessing and affording medications. Conclusions: The experiences shared on a non-moderated, unstructured online forum indicate that medication management is challenging and overwhelming for caregivers of people living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. Since this is a progressive disease with various stages and changing needs, caregivers’ strategies vary and are often limited by available resources and support. Health care providers should offer training and support for caregivers to navigate the transfer of medication management responsibilities and changing care needs as the disease progresses.
Theranova versus FX80: The impact on anemia management in hemodialysis
Authors: Sahutoglu Tuncay , Erinc Osman , Avsar Fevzi Necati 
Published: March 2024

Background: Middle uremic toxins (MUTs) can cause anemia and erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness. Theranova dialyzers may improve anemia management by removing MUTs. Hence, the impact of Theranova dialyzers on erythropoietin responsiveness was studied. Methods: This exploratory single-center prospective observational study, encompassing 50 patients undergoing dialysis with either the Theranova-400 or FX80 membrane for 6 months, involved monthly tracking of hemoglobin levels, weight-adjusted erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (w-ESA) dosing, and erythropoietin resistance index (ERI), with ESA treatment decisions guided by a proprietary algorithm. Results: The groups were similar in terms of demographics and baseline laboratory test results. The median hemoglobin levels, w-ESA and ERI, were found to be similar between FX80 and Theranova-400 groups at both baseline (11.06 vs 10.57, p = 0.808; 92.3 vs 105.2, p = 0.838; 8.1 vs 10.48, p = 0.876) and the end of the study (11.43 vs 11.03, p = 0.076; 48.7 vs 71.5; 4.48 vs 6.41, p = 0.310), respectively. There was a trend toward lower w-ESA and ERI at the end of the study compared to baseline in both groups, but the difference was non-significant. Conclusions: Based on this study of 50 patients undergoing high-flux dialysis with near-target hemoglobin levels, switching to Theranova 400 dialyzers compared to FX80 dialyzers did not show statistically significant differences in maintaining hemoglobin levels, reducing ESA dose, or lowering ERI. The non-randomized design and small sample size limit the study’s power to detect true differences. Larger, randomized trials are needed to confirm findings and definitively assess Theranova 400’s benefits.
Assessing the efficacy of curcumin-loaded alginate hydrogel on skin wound healing: A gene expression analysis
Authors: Zamani Sepehr , Salehi Majid , Ehterami Arian , Fauzi Mh Busra , Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi Ghasem 
Published: March 2024

Skin tissue engineering has gained significant attention as a promising alternative to traditional treatments for skin injuries. In this study, we developed 3D hydrogel-based scaffolds, Alginate, incorporating different concentrations of Curcumin and evaluated their properties, including morphology, swelling behavior, weight loss, as well as hemo- and cytocompatibility. Furthermore, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Alginate hydrogel containing different amounts of Curcumin using an in vitro wound healing model. The prepared hydrogels exhibited remarkable characteristics, SEM showed that the pore size of hydrogels was 134.64 μm with interconnected pores, making it conducive for cellular infiltration and nutrient exchange. Moreover, hydrogels demonstrated excellent biodegradability, losing 63.5% of its weight over 14 days. In addition, the prepared hydrogels had a stable release of curcumin for 3 days. The results also show the hemocompatibility of prepared hydrogels and a low amount of blood clotting. To assess the efficacy of the developed hydrogels, 3T3 fibroblast growth was examined during various incubation times. The results indicated that the inclusion of Curcumin at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL positively influenced cellular behavior. The animal study showed that Alginate hydrogel containing 0.1 mg/mL curcumin had high wound closure(more than 80%) after 14 days. In addition, it showed up-regulation of essential wound healing genes, including TGFβ1 and VEGF, promoting tissue repair and angiogenesis. Furthermore, the treated group exhibited down-regulation of MMP9 gene expression, indicating a reduction in matrix degradation and inflammation. The observed cellular responses and gene expression changes substantiate the therapeutic efficacy of prepared hydrogels. Consequently, our study showed the healing effect of alginate-based hydrogel containing Curcumin on skin injuries.
Synthesis and properties of novel poly(ester-amide-imide)s containing pendant phthalimide substituents
Authors: Wen Yaqing , Zhu Ge , Li Jie , Fang Xingzhong , Chen Guofei 
Published: March 2024

Two series of novel poly(ester-amide-imide)s (PEsAIs) with pendant phthalimide side group were synthesized by copolymerization of phthalimide-hydroquinone bis(trimellitate anhydride) (PI-TAHQ), p-phthaloyl chloride (TPC) and other fluorinated monomers using the two-step method. These PEsAIs had glass transition temperatures ( Tgs) in the range of 228 °C–296°C and coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 18–55 ppm·K−1. These films had good mechanical properties with tensile modulus of 3.7–5.7 GPa, tensile strengths of 92–153 MPa and elongations at break of 2.2%–8.3%. All films displayed good transparency with transmittances at 400 nm (T400nm) of 43%–79% and transmittances at 850 nm (T850nm) exceeding 89%, and these PEsAIs were amorphous. Especially, PEsAI-d-60 presented the best comprehensive performance with Tg of 296°C, low CTE of 18 ppm·K−1 and high transmittance (T400nm of 79%, T850nm of 91%), which exhibited the potential of this novel poly(ester-amide-imide) containing pendant phthalimide substituent in optical transparent materials.
Comparison of late-onset and non-late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus individuals in a real-world electronic health record cohort
Authors: Adeogun Ganiat , Camai Alex , Suh Ashley , Wheless Lee , Barnado April 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (LO-SLE) is defined as SLE diagnosed at age 50 years or later. Current studies on LO-SLE are small and have conflicting results. Methods: Using a large, electronic health record (EHR)-based cohort of SLE individuals, we compared demographics, disease characteristics, SLE-specific antibodies, and medication prescribing practices in LO ( n = 123) vs. NLO-SLE ( n = 402) individuals. Results: The median age (interquartile range) at SLE diagnosis was 60 (56–67) years for LO-SLE and 28 (20–38) years for NLO-SLE. Both groups were predominantly female (85% vs. 91%, p = 0.10). LO-SLE individuals were more likely to be White than NLO-SLE individuals (74% vs. 60%, p = 0.005) and less likely to have positive dsDNA (39% vs. 58%, p = 0.001) and RNP (17% vs. 32%, p = 0.02) with no differences in Smith, SSA, and SSB. Autoantibody positivity declined with increasing age at SLE diagnosis. LO-SLE individuals were less likely to develop SLE nephritis (9% vs. 29%, p < 0.001) and less likely to be prescribed multiple classes of SLE medications including antimalarials (90% vs. 95%, p = 0.04), azathioprine (17% vs. 31%, p = 0.002), mycophenolate mofetil (12% vs. 38%, p < 0.001), and belimumab (2% vs. 8%, p = 0.02). Conclusion: LO-SLE individuals may be less likely to fit an expected course for SLE with less frequent positive autoantibodies at diagnosis and lower rates of nephritis, even after adjusting for race. Understanding how age impacts SLE disease presentation could help reduce diagnostic delays in SLE.
Childhood adverse experiences and clinical manifestations in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Esteves Rossini Elisa , Lourival Zanoveli Cunha Jonatas , L B Costa Gabriela , Araujo Melo Karin , Cassemiro Micheleto José Pedro , Miranda Pereira Fausto Vanessa , Quintiliano Pedroza Laís , Sotero Fragoso Thiago , Leão de Melo Neto Valfrido , Cavalcante Oliveira Michelle Jacintha 
Published: March 2024

Background Patients with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a higher incidence of developing autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Objective The objective is to associate the ACE with the clinical manifestations of SLE in adult women. Methods This is a cross-sectional observational analytical study in a sample of women diagnosed with SLE, whose data were collected through interviews and a review of medical records. The ACE were identified using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and were associated with sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as the presence of harm. Results The sample was composed of 97 women. In this study, significant associations were found between physical abuse and oral ulcers ( p = .006) and nephritis ( p = .032); between sexual abuse and Sjogren’s syndrome ( p = .024) and oral ulcers ( p = .035); between physical neglect and photosensitivity ( p = .024) and oral ulcers ( p = .039); and between emotional neglect and diabetes mellitus ( p = .033). Conclusion Individuals with a positive history of ACE have significant associations with certain clinical manifestations of SLE and subtypes of ACE, underscoring the importance of preventing childhood trauma to improve adult health. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of ACE on adult health.
Musculoskeletal injuries during trail sports: Sex- and age-specific analyses over 20 years from a national injury database
Authors: Owen Madeline M. , Workman Connor D. , Angileri Hunter S. , Terry Michael A. , Tjong Vehniah K. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in US trail sports are understudied as trail sport popularity grows. This study describes MSK injury patterns among hikers, trail runners, and mountain bikers from 2002 through 2021 and investigates MSK injury trends acquired during mountain sports. Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to identify US emergency department (ED) patients from 2002-2021 (inclusive) who endured MSK injuries during hiking, trail running, or mountain biking. Injury rates and national estimates were calculated across demographics. Results 9835 injuries were included (48.4% male, 51.6% female). Injuries increased over time, with 1213 from 2002-2005 versus 2417 from 2018-2021. No sex differences existed before 2010, after which female injury rates exceeded those of males. The following findings were statistically significant, with P<0.05: females endured more fractures and strains/sprains; males endured more lacerations; concussions and head injuries were higher among those <18 y; dislocations and strains/sprains were higher for 18 to 65 y; fractures were higher for >65 y; <18 y had high mountain-biking and low running rates; 18 to 65 y had high running rates; and >65 y had low biking and running rates. Although all diagnoses increased in number over time, no significant differences existed in the proportion of any given diagnosis relative to total injuries. Conclusions MSK injuries during trail sports have increased since 2002. Males endured more injuries until 2009, after which females endured more. Significant sex and age differences were found regarding injury diagnosis and body parts. Further studies are needed to confirm these trends and their causes.
What interventions add value in lateral compression type 1 fragility pelvis fractures? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Curtin Patrick B , Molla Vadim G , Conway Alexandra E , Swart Eric F 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Fragility fractures are a large source of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Orthopaedic surgeons are regularly the main point of contact in patients with lateral compression type 1 pelvis fractures, despite many of these being treated non-operatively. This study aims to identify risk factors for mortality and elucidate which follow-up visits have the potential to improve care for these patients. Methods and materials: In all, 211 patients have been identified with fragility lateral compression type 1 fractures at a level 1 trauma centre over a 5-year period. For all patients, we recorded patient demographics, imaging data, hospital readmissions, medical complications and death dates if applicable. Results: Of the 211 patients identified, 56.4% had at least one orthopaedic follow-up, of which no patient had a clinically meaningful medical intervention initiated. 30-day readmission rate was 19%, and 1-year mortality was 24%. Male sex, need for an assist device, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and increased age were found to be statistically associated with increased risk of mortality. Patients who followed up with their primary care physician were found to have a statistically lower risk of mortality. Computed tomography scans were obtained in 70% of patients and never limited patient weight-bearing status or found any additional injury not already identified on the radiograph. Discussion/Conclusions: For patients with lateral compression type 1 type fragility fractures, orthopaedic surgeons did not offer additional clinically meaningful intervention after the time of initial diagnosis in this patient cohort. The rate of clinical follow-up with a primary care physician is relatively low despite high rates of medical comorbidity. Computed tomography scans were utilised frequently but did not change recommendations. The high rate of medical complications and lack of orthopaedic intervention suggest that we should re-evaluate the role of the orthopaedic surgeon versus the primary care physician as the primary point of medical contact for patients with these injuries.