bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysfunctional rearing in community and clinic based populations with eating problems: prevalence and mediating role of psychiatric morbidity
Authors: Rojo‐Moreno Luis , Livianos‐Aldana Lorenzo , Conesa‐Burguet Llanos , Cava Gloria 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the presence of dysfunctional rearing in adolescent females with ED and the role of psychiatric comorbidity as mediating variable of this relationship.MethodAdministration of a rearing‐attitude questionnaire (EMBU‐A) and a standardized psychiatric evaluation. Data from a two‐phase epidemiological study and from ED inpatients. Case diagnosis was performed using wide DSM‐IV criteria (n = 29). Controls were matched by age and school.ResultsSignificant differences were found between EDs subjects and controls on the scales of emotional warmth, overprotection, and rejection. There were no rearing differences between community cases and hospitalized patients. Paternal rejection is the correlate most strongly associated with EDs in teenage women. Structural Equation Modeling shows that this association is mediated by psychiatric comorbidity. Psychiatric comorbidity does not mediate the association between maternal rejection and EDs diagnosis.ConclusionsRearing is a correlate for ED. This association is partly mediated by psychiatric comorbidity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A need for speed: Emergency damage response
Authors: Conner Jason M. , Oberle Rita , Thomas‐Mobley Linda 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAs more hurricanes and more intense hurricanes, such as Katrina in August 2005 and Rita in September 2005, come ashore, it is imperative that damage be assessed and repairs begin as quickly as possible. Studying previous damage assessment efforts can help us plan for future efforts and provide lessons learned. Hurricane Ivan caused approximately $600 million in damage to Naval Air Station (NAS) Pensacola in September 2004. After the devastation of Hurricane Ivan, a damage assessment team was sent to the Naval Base in Pensacola, Florida, to survey the initial destruction to the base's infrastructure and facilities, particularly those of historic value. Of special interest was the disposition of the storm‐damaged historic facilities on the base. The team, which was sent under the umbrella of a Contingency Construction Capabilities (CONCAP) contract, determined that rapid response is critical to repairing damage and mitigating mold intrusion after a natural water disaster. The team provides an overview of the damage, as well as strategies for cleanup. Conflicts between military construction funding and historic preservation requirements concerning restoration of damaged facilities is also addressed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The use of imagery in environmental disaster preparedness and response
Authors: Hall Susan W. , Carolla Mark A. , Deason Jonathan P. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn recent years, great advances have been made in the use of imagery and remote sensing for monitoring and protecting the environment, as well as in disaster preparedness and response. Environmental emergency preparedness planners now have a vast “constellation” of imagery and remote sensing resources available to observe and respond to environmental disasters. The groups that have benefited from this technology range from federal, state, and local emergency management agencies down to the first responders. These resources are used to prepare for hurricanes and floods as well as recover from their effects; observe wildfires and forest fires and work to contain them; and respond to other disasters, thus protecting lives, valuable property, and the The Use of Imagery in Environmental Disaster Preparedness and Response environment. These imagery resources and their associated systems, as useful as they are, are not necessarily integrated nor marshaled in any coherent web in support of those protecting lives, property, or the environment. With the new openness, declassification, and commercial availability of high‐resolution imagery, remote‐sensing capabilities now available to preparedness and response individuals range from satellite sensors to aircraft platforms. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using pseudo amino acid composition to predict protein structural classes: Approached with complexity measure factor
Authors: Xiao Xuan , Shao Shi‐Huang , Huang Zheng‐De , Chou Kuo‐Chen 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe structural class is an important feature widely used to characterize the overall folding type of a protein. How to improve the prediction quality for protein structural classification by effectively incorporating the sequence‐order effects is an important and challenging problem. Based on the concept of the pseudo amino acid composition [Chou, K. C. Proteins Struct Funct Genet 2001, 43, 246; Erratum: Proteins Struct Funct Genet 2001, 44, 60], a novel approach for measuring the complexity of a protein sequence was introduced. The advantage by incorporating the complexity measure factor into the pseudo amino acid composition as one of its components is that it can catch the essence of the overall sequence pattern of a protein and hence more effectively reflect its sequence‐order effects. It was demonstrated thru the jackknife crossvalidation test that the overall success rate by the new approach was significantly higher than those by the others. It has not escaped our notice that the introduction of the complexity measure factor can also be used to improve the prediction quality for, among many other protein attributes, subcellular localization, enzyme family class, membrane protein type, and G‐protein couple receptor type. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 478–482, 2006
The case of the disappearing firms: empirical evidence and implications
Authors: Stubbart Charles I. , Knight Michael B. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractOrganizational survival represents a vital objective for firms, managers, and owners. Most organizational theories regard survival as the ‘correct’ outcome for firms whose managers successfully navigate across a hostile competitive landscape. On the other hand, when a firm ‘disappears,’ scholars, managers, and owners ask, What went wrong?' Failure, exit, bankruptcy, liquidation, hostile takeovers, are largely viewed as results of managerial ‘bungling.’ Many theories about performance, competitive advantage, legitimacy, and leadership rest upon a core assumption that firms, at least some of them, have long, perhaps limitless, life‐spans. Long‐term survival is not seen as merely a random outcome or an unattainable goal. This paper surveys a broad set of empirical findings about firms' life‐spans. It is consistently revealed in the empirical literature that the VAST majority of firms, even large firms, survive relatively short periods. Some themes and their implications are discussed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“If you treat me right, I reciprocate”: examining the role of exchange in organizational survey response
Authors: Spitzmüller Christiane , Glenn Dana M. , Barr Christopher D. , Rogelberg Steven G. , Daniel Patrick 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSurvey nonresponse can pose a major threat to the generalizability of organizational survey findings. This paper examines whether organizational members' evaluations of their organizational experiences affect survey response to organizationally sponsored surveys. In particular, we hypothesized that perceived organizational support, social exchange, procedural justice and an individual's inclination to feel exploited in social relationships predicted organizational members' compliance with organizations' requests for survey completion. A longitudinal field experiment conducted in collaboration with the Office of Institutional Research at a large university (sample: n = 622 university students) supported the hypotheses. Organizational members who consciously decided to not participate in organizational surveys perceived their organization as less procedurally just and less supportive. They also reported negative perceptions of their social exchange relationship with their organization, and were more inclined to feel exploited in relationships. Hence, an exchange‐oriented theoretical framework grounded in organizational citizenship behavior theory seems appropriate for the study of survey nonresponse. Implications for survey practice include that survey‐based findings are unlikely to generalize to specific groups of nonrespondents, and that techniques commonly used to increase response rates may not be effective in reaching these groups of nonrespondents. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exposure dating and glacial reconstruction at Mt. Field, Tasmania, Australia, identifies MIS 3 and MIS 2 glacial advances and climatic variability
Authors: Mackintosh A. N. , Barrows T. T. , Colhoun E. A. , Fifield L. K. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractTasmania is important for understanding Quaternary climatic change because it is one of only three areas that experienced extensive mid‐latitude Southern Hemisphere glaciation and it lies in a dominantly oceanic environment at a great distance from Northern Hemisphere ice sheet feedbacks. We applied exposure dating using36Cl to an extensive sequence of moraines from the last glacial at Mt. Field, Tasmania. Glaciers advanced at 41–44 ka during Marine oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and at 18 ka during MIS 2. Both advances occurred in response to an ELA lowering greater than 1100 m below the present‐day mean summer freezing level, and a possible temperature reduction of 7–8°C. Deglaciation was rapid and complete by ca. 16 ka. The overall story emerging from studies of former Tasmanian glaciers is that the MIS 2 glaciation was of limited extent and that some glaciers were more extensive during earlier parts of the last glacial cycle. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On‐site Raman analysis of the earliest known Meissen porcelain and stoneware
Authors: Colomban Philippe , Milande Véronique 
Published: January 2006

AbstractOn‐site Raman analyses were performed at the Musée national de Céramique, Sèvres, France, on select rare items of the earliest known European hard‐paste porcelains and stonewares, produced from ca 1710 to 1750 in the Meissen workshop (Saxony) founded by J. F. Böttger and E. W. von Tschirnhaus. Characteristic on‐site Raman signatures have been obtained for white Sake bottles from ca 1715, a green bowl depicting a purple landscape dated 27th August 1726 and a figurine and coffee cups produced in the middle of the eighteenth century. In addition, some artefacts (a red polished stoneware cup from ca 1710 to 1715, a white ewer stopper from ca 1725, a blue underglaze decorated flat stopper believed to have been manufactured after 1719 and decorated coffee cups) were analysed at the laboratory. Raman spectra identified different types of mullite‐rich bodies, including calcium‐rich and quartz‐containing pastes. Different types of glazes and pigments (haematite, Naples yellow, cassiterite, lapis lazuli, etc.) have also been identified. The results are discussed in the light of previous chemical analyses and historical records. We propose characteristic parameters to discriminate between the different production technologies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biocompatibility of Nanofilm‐Encapsulated Silicone and Silicone‐Hydrogel Contact Lenses
Authors: Yasuda Hirotsugu 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: A material placed in or in contact with a biological system, that causes the minimum perturbation that can be tolerated by the host biological system, can be considered to be biocompatible. The major effects caused by a contact lens can be considered to be 1) the blocking of the natural supply of oxygen to the epithelium cells of the cornea, 2) interference with the normal evaporation of water from the tear fluid layer, and 3) hindrance of the normal functions of blinking for replenishing oxygen‐saturated tear fluid and removing dead epithelium cells, which result from apoptosis. The encapsulation of a highly oxygen‐permeable contact lens by a nanofilm with an imperturbable surface state minimizes all these terms. The encapsulated contact lens can be worn safely in extended wear.
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Novel Water‐Soluble Quaternary Piperazine Derivatives of Chitosan: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Holappa Jukka , Nevalainen Tapio , Safin Rustam , Soininen Pasi , Asplund Tomas , Luttikhedde Tiina , Másson Már , Järvinen Tomi 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: Novel synthesis methods for the preparation of quaternary piperazine derivatives of chitosan were developed. Quaternary ammonium moiety can be selectively inserted into either one or both of the piperazine nitrogens, yielding structurally uniform chitosan derivative structures. Water‐soluble end products were thoroughly characterized with FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 2D 1H‐13C HSQC NMR. The molecular weights of the end products were determined by GPC with triple detection.
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Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Polyamide‐66 Nanocomposites Prepared by Electrospinning
Authors: Ristolainen Noora , Heikkilä Pirjo , Harlin Ali , Seppälä Jukka 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: PVA and PA‐66 nanocomposite fibers with montmorillonite were prepared by electrospinning. Mixing of the components was conducted in two ways: polymer and montmorillonite were mixed with solvent, or monomer was polymerized in the presence of montmorillonite and was then dissolved in a solvent. Polymer/montmorillonite solutions were then electrospun on a non‐woven substrate. To the unaided eye, the coated area was either continuous coating or well‐defined spots. Characterization of the fiber structure and the particle size and distribution by SEM and elemental analysis showed the nanosized filler to be dispersed through the fiber network of the polymer/nanocomposite regardless of the preparation method. However, the clay particles within the fibers were smaller with the polymerization method than mixing in solvent. Only the PA‐66‐based nanocomposites exhibited large enough coating area on the substrate for measurements of contact angles and the time required for water penetration. Contact angles and the time required for water penetration were increased for most of the PA/nanoclay composites relative to the uncoated substrate.SEM image of a typical fiber structure of a PVA/nanocomposite obtained by electrospinning under alkaline conditions.imageSEM image of a typical fiber structure of a PVA/nanocomposite obtained by electrospinning under alkaline conditions.
Compatibilizing Effect of SEBS for Electrical Properties of LDPE/PS Blends
Authors: Lee Tae Hee , Kim Tae Young , Kim Dong Myung , Kim Won Jung , Lee Je Hyuk , Suh Kwang S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: In the previous study, we observed compatibilizing effects of low density polyethylene (LDPE)/polystyrene (PS) with polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS), a triblock copolymer. Blends consisting of 70 wt.‐% LDPE and 30 wt.‐% PS were prepared with a SEBS concentration of up to 10 wt.‐%. This study examined the electrical properties such as the electrical breakdown, water tree length, permittivity and tan δ in the blends. The possibility of using these blends as insulating material substitutes for LDPE was investigated. The electrical breakdown strength reached a maximum of 66.67 kV/mm, which is superior to 50.27 kV/mm of the LDPE used as electrical insulators for cables. In addition, the water tree length decreased with increasing SEBS concentration. The water tree lengths of the blends containing SEBS were shorter than that of the LDPE. The permittivity of the blends was 2.28–2.48 F/m, and decreased with increasing SEBS concentration with the exception of S‐0. Tan δ of the blends increased smoothly with increasing SEBS content.Breakdown strength , water tree length, permittivity and tan δ of the LDPE/PS/SEBS blends and raw materials.imageBreakdown strength , water tree length, permittivity and tan δ of the LDPE/PS/SEBS blends and raw materials.
Polyion Complex Nanofibrous Structure Formed by Self‐Assembly of Chitosan and Poly(acrylic acid)
Authors: Chen Ching‐Yi , Wang Jian‐Wen , Hon Ming‐Hsiun 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: An ideal scaffold design has a nanofibrous structure that can replace the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) until host cells can repopulate and resynthesize a new natural matrix. In this study, chitosan (CS)‐poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) nanofibers with diameters that range from 50 to 150 nm are synthesized successfully by a modified dropping method. Exactly how various carboxylic acid solvents affect the formation of CS‐PAA nanofibrous complex is also discussed. The results show that using adipic acid as a solvent to dissolve CS, adjusting the final pH value of the CS solution to 3, and then dropping the CS solution into the PAA solution at a ratio of 3:1, cause a significant reaction of CS with PAA and the nanofibers are dispersed uniformly. After freeze‐drying, a 3‐D interconnected CS‐PAA nanofibrous scaffold with a fiber diameter that ranges from 50 to 200 nm can be obtained. The CS‐PAA nanofibrous matrix is of particular interest in tissue engineering for controlled drug release and tissue remodeling.Nanofibrous structure via polyion complex formation between chitosan and poly(acrylic acid).imageNanofibrous structure via polyion complex formation between chitosan and poly(acrylic acid).
Effect of Ionomeric Compatibilizer on Clay Dispersion in Polyethylene/Clay Nanocomposites
Authors: Sánchez‐Valdes Saúl , López‐Quintanilla Maria L. , Ramírez‐Vargas Eduardo , Medellín‐Rodríguez Francisco J. , Gutierrez‐Rodriguez Juan M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: Linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/clay nanocomposites are obtained and studied by using a zinc‐neutralized carboxylate ionomer as a compatibilizer. LLDPE‐g‐MA is used as a reference compatibilizer. Two different clays, natural montmorillonite (Closite Na+) and a chemically modified clay Closite 20A have been used. Nanocomposites are prepared by melt blending in a twin‐screw extruder using two mixing methods: two‐step mixing and one‐step mixing. The relative influence of each compatibilizer is determined by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction structural analysis and mechanical properties. The results are analyzed in terms of the effect of the compatibilizing agent and incorporation method in the clay dispersion, and the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. Experimental results confirm that the film samples with ionomer show a good mechanical performance only slightly below that of the samples with maleic anhydride (MA). The two‐step mixing conditions result in better dispersion and intercalation for the nanofillers than one‐step mixing. The exfoliation of clay platelets leads to an improved thermal stability of the composite. The oxygen permeability of the clay nanocomposites, using ionomer as a compatibilizer, is decreased by the addition of the clay.TEM image of a PE/4 wt.‐% Closite 20A nanocomposite formed using ionomer.imageTEM image of a PE/4 wt.‐% Closite 20A nanocomposite formed using ionomer.
Electrostatic Forces Induce Poly(vinyl alcohol)‐Protected Copper Nanoparticles to Form Copper/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocables via Electrospinning
Authors: Li Zhenyu , Huang Huimin , Wang Ce 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSummary: Copper/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocables have been successfully obtained by electrospinning a PVA‐protected copper nanoparticle solution. The molar ratio of copper ions to PVA (in terms of VA repeating units) plays an important role in the formation of copper/PVA nanocables. The average diameter of the copper cores and PVA shells is about 100 and 400 nm, respectively. The structures of the copper/PVA nanocables are characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and their formation is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).TEM image of a copper/PVA nanocable.imageTEM image of a copper/PVA nanocable.
A case of metastatic carcinoma from 18th century London
Authors: Melikian M. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIn 1999 the AOC Archaeology Group excavated the cemetery of All Hallows by the Tower, London, UK, prior to redevelopment. The majority of the burials are post‐medieval, dating from circa 1776 to 1835. Skeleton (4105) was buried with a lead coffin plate. The data on the coffin plate revealed that the skeleton was that of Ann Sumpter, who died aged 31 years on the 25 May 1794. The skeleton displays pathology that is indicative of a metastatic carcinoma. A precise diagnosis is not possible, but given the individual is female it is statistically most likely the secondaries have originated from a breast or lung tumour. Breast tumours are thought to have been more common than lung tumours in the past, and therefore the most probable diagnosis is a breast carcinoma. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of molecular weight on the crystallization kinetics and equilibrium melting temperature of poly(tetramethylene ether glycol)
Authors: Jenkins M. J. , Cao Y. , Kukureka S. N. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractIsothermal crystallization of poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMEG) with relatively low molecular weight (Mn = 991, 2004 and 2864, respectively) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, and the equilibrium melting temperature (T) determined using the Hoffman–Weeks analysis. The crystallization kinetics of PTMEG were characterized using an Avrami analysis. Mechanistic n values ranged from 2.2 to 2.9 for the primary crystallization process for three molecular weight grades, indicating heterogeneous nucleation of spherulites. Polarized light microscopy confirmed that PTMEG crystallized by the growth of spherulites from heterogeneous nuclei. The half–life for crystallization (t1/2) and the composite rate constant were found to be dependent on the degree of supercooling (ΔT) and the molecular weight. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of monofunctional reactants on the physical properties of dimer acid‐based polyamides
Authors: Çavuş Selva , Gürkaynak M. Ali 
Published: January 2006

AbstractDimer acid‐based polyamides were synthesized by condensation polymerization in the absence and presence of monofunctional reactants. Acetic acid, oleic acid and propyl amine were used as monofunctional reactants. The influences of the equivalent percentage (E%) and type of monofunctional reactant on the physical properties of dimer acid‐based polyamides such as glass transition temperature (Tg), melting point (Tm), heat of fusion (ΔH), degree of polymerization (DP), number average molecular weight (Mn), and kinematic viscosity were investigated. The molecular weight and viscosity of dimer acid‐based polyamides decreased with the increase in equivalent percentage of monofunctional reactant. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies showed that acetic acid and propyl amine had higher effect on the thermal properties of polyamides than that of oleic acid. In the case of polyamides prepared in the presence of acetic acid, the values of Tg, Tm, and ΔH of the polyamides increased remarkably with the increase in acetic acid content. On the contrary, propyl amine had a decreasing effect on the values of Tg, Tm, and ΔH of the polyamides. Incorporation of oleic acid into the polymer structure had no significant effect on the values of Tg and Tm of the dimer acid‐based polyamides. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.