bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the global limb anatomical staging system in Vietnamese patients treated for chronic limb-threatening ischemia
Authors: Luan Tran Minh Bao , Tuong Nguyen Huu , Dang Tran Ngoc , Khoa Do Dang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is the most severe clinical form of peripheral artery disease (PAD), accounting for approximately 11%, and is strongly associated with the incidence of amputation, cardiovascular events, and mortality. The Global Vascular Guideline (GVG) proposed a new Global Anatomic Staging System (GLASS) for evaluating the anatomic complexity of arterial lesions. However, more research is required to evaluate outcomes after endovascular intervention in CLTI patients using the GLASS.

Objective
Our study aimed to describe clinical characteristics, arterial lesions, and endovascular interventions according to three grades of GLASS in the Vietnamese population. We evaluated the technical success, mortality rate, and probability to preserve the limb according to the GLASS.

Methods
All patients were diagnosed with CLTI and underwent infrainguinal endovascular intervention at the Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City from June 2020 to June 2022. All patients were evaluated before intervention and follow-up at 6 and 12 months after intervention. Patients were divided into three groups according to the GLASS, thereby comparing the technical success, mortality, and amputation rates. This retrospective study describes a series of cases.

Results
The study sample evaluated 82 lower limbs of 82 patients, in which GLASS class I, II, and III lesions accounted for 36.6%, 43.9%, and 19.5% of the patients, respectively. The rates of technical success in the groups gradually decreased according to the complexity of the lesions (90%, 86.11%, and 56.25% for GLASS I, II, and III, respectively; p = 0.012). Notably, limb-based patency (LBP) at 12 months was significantly lower in the GLASS III group than in the GLASS I and II groups (22.22% vs 88.89% and 67.74%, respectively; p = 0.001). The amputation rates at 12 months in GLASS groups I, II, and III were 13.3%, 22.2%, and 50%, respectively (p = 0.021), while the mortality rates at 12 months were 0%, 8.33%, and 25%, respectively (p = 0.015).

Conclusion
In patients with CLTI of higher GLASS stages, the rates of technical success were lower and the amputation and mortality rates were higher.
Removal of leftover feed shapes environmental microbiota and limits houseflies-mediated dispersion of pathogenic bacteria in sow breeding farms
Authors: Li Yunke , Chen Yinfeng , Chen Zhaohui , Yang Ying , Wu Zhenlong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Intensive swine breeding industry generates a complex environment where several microbial interactions occur and which constitutes a challenge for biosafety. Ad libitum feeding strategies and low levels of management contribute to residual and wasted feed for lactating sows, which provides a source of nutrients and microbial source for houseflies in warm climates. Due to the absence of the all-in/all-out system, the coexistence of sows of two production stages including gestating and lactating sows in the farrowing barn may have potential negative impacts. In this research, we evaluated the effects of lactating sow leftover on the environmental microbiota of the farrowing barn and the contribution of microbial environments to the gestating sow fecal bacterial structure with a 30-day-long treatment of timely removing lactating residual feed.

Results
Houseflies in the farrowing barn mediate the transmission of microorganisms from lactating sow leftover to multiple regions. Leuconostoc, Weissella, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus from the leftover which can produce exopolysaccharides, are more capable of environmental transmission than pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus and utilize houseflies to achieve spread in environmental regions of the farrowing barn. Leftover removal treatment blocked the microbial transmission chain mediated by houseflies, downregulated the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria including Escherichia-Shigella and Streptococcus among houseflies, environmental regions and fecal bacteria of gestating sows in the farrowing barn and effectively attenuate the increment of Weissella and RF39 relative abundance in gestating sow feces due to the presence of lactating sows.

Conclusions
Lactating sow leftover is a non-negligible microbial contributor of environment in farrowing barn whose transmission is mediated by houseflies. A 30-day-long treatment of removing lactating sow residual feed cause significant changes in the microbial structure of multiple environmental regions within the farrowing barn via altering the microbiota carried by houseflies. Meanwhile, lactating sow leftover affect the fecal microbial structure of gestating sows in the same farrowing barn, while removal of lactating sow leftover alleviates the contribution of microbial transmission.
Bioactive polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant potentials of two leafy vegetables in Bangladesh: the Momordica charantia and the Ipomoea aquatica
Authors: Abdullah Abu Tareq Mohammad , Rahman Mohammad Mahfuzur , Sharif Miskat , Khan Tanzir Ahmed , Islam Sheikh Nazrul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMomordica charantia and Ipomoea aquatica leaves are two green leafy vegetables in Bangladesh that are commonly consumed considering their characteristic taste and abundant availability in nature. The aim of this study was to determine the available bioactive phenolic constituents as well as total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content (TTC), phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (TAA) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) of the ethanolic extracts of M. charantia (MCE) and I. aquatica (IAE). HPLC–DAD and UV–visible spectrophotometer were used to determine the phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties, respectively. In this study, TFC, TTC, TPC, TAA and IC50 values were in the order of IAE (40.73 ± 1.0 mg QE/g) > MCE (34.60 ± 0.46 mg QE/g); MCE (40.93 ± 0.70 mg TAE/g) > IAE (31.13 ± 0.42 mg TAE/g); MCE (27.76 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g) > IAE (21.29 ± 0.43 mg GAE/g); MCE (52.03 ± 0.21 mg AAE/g) > IAE (40.77 ± 0.15 mg AAE/g) and MCE (333.22 ± 67.37 µg/mL) > IAE (560.74 ± 10.25 µg/mL). M. charantia ethanolic extracts contained five hydroxycinnamic acid: ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rosmarinic acid and cinnamic acid; five flavonoids: epicatechin, quercetin, catechin, rutin hydrate and myricetin; two hydroxybenzoic acid: gallic acid and vanillic acid; and one phenolic aldehyde: vanillin. Whereas, I. aquatica extracts possessed four hydroxycinnamic acid: chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid and trans-cinnamic acid; four flavonoids: epicatechin, quercetin, catechin, and rutin hydrate; two hydroxybenzoic acid: gallic acid and vanillic acid; and one phenolic aldehyde:vanillin. These underutilised sources of leafy vegetables may be used to develop functional foods by emphasising their remarkable bioactive components.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of professional development program on primary science teachers’ ICT use in China: mediation effects of science teachers’ knowledge, beliefs and instructional practice
Authors: Lv Beibei , Zhou Danhua , Rong Zhenshan , Tian Xuewai , Wang Jingying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFaced with international science and technology competition, strengthening information, communication, and technology (ICT) use has become the core goal of science education. Many studies have revealed that teachers’ professional development programs could influence ICT use. However, whether the relationship could be mediated by teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and instructional practice remains unclear, especially in the context of China. Based on the Sociocultural Model of Embedded Belief Systems, a hypothesized model from teachers’ professional development to ICT use that meditated by science teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and instructional practices was constructed. With the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method, 131,134 Chinese primary science teachers were surveyed to detect the interrelationships among the factors in the model. The path analysis revealed that: (1) Science teachers’ professional development has not positively influenced ICT use, while science teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and instructional practices could significantly influence science teachers’ ICT use; (2) Science teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and instructional practices not only respectively play a mediating role but also play a chain mediating role in the process of teachers’ professional development influencing ICT use.
Evaluation of expression levels of microRNA processing elements in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Jabbari-Moghaddam Yalda , Shanehbandi Dariush , Asadi Milad , Razi-Soofiyani Saiedeh , Hateftabar Vahideh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs have a significant role in the function and development of the hearing system. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a complicated disorder with no long-established reason. Since microRNAs play imperative roles in every aspect of the neural system, their dysregulation may contribute to the onset of SSNHL. The current study aimed to assess the expression patterns of microRNA processing elements (DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8) as the vital factors in microRNA biology that can affect the expression levels of microRNA. This study assessed DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8 mRNA expression levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 50 patients with SSNHL and 50 matched controls. After the isolation of PBMC, total RNA was extracted, and the expression levels of DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8 genes were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results
The results illustrated significant up-regulation of DICER and DGCR-8 genes in SSNHL patients at the mRNA level. Furthermore, despite no significant change in DROSHA level, DICER and DGCR-8 were significantly correlated with SSNHL. However, there was no significant correlation between these gene expressions and the clinicopathological features of patients.

Conclusion
This study verified for the first time that the DGCR_8 and DICER mRNA expression levels were significantly up-regulated in patients with SSNHL, proposing that microRNAs and their processing pathways play key roles in the progression and development of SSNHL.
Proficiency evaluation of shape and WPT radiomics based on machine learning for CT lung cancer prognosis
Authors: Nissar Arooj , Mir A. H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is a fatal disease which has high occurrence and mortality rates, worldwide. Computed tomography imaging is being widely used by clinicians for detection of lung cancer. Radiomics extracted from medical images together with machine learning platform has enabled automated lung cancer diagnosis. Therefore, this study is proposed with the aim to efficiently apply radiomics and ML techniques to classify pulmonary nodules in CT images. Lung Image Data Consortium is utilized which contains 1018 CT lung cancer cases.

Results
Radiomics are extracted using Shape, Gray Level Co-occurrence Method, Gray Level Difference Method, and Gray Level Run Length Matrix along with Wavelet Packet Transform. To select a relevant set of features two techniques, Analysis of variance and Chi-square test, are applied. The classification of nodule into benign or malignant is evaluated by using state-of-art models: Support vector machine, Decision Trees, Ensemble Trees (BOCET, BACET, RUSBOCET), Ensemble Subspace KNN and Ensemble Subspace Discriminant. The results show that, BACET gives best AUROC (92.9%), MGSVM gives best accuracy (90.4%), FGSVM yields the best sensitivity (97.8%), MGSVM gives best precision (94.1%) and RUSBOCET gives best specificity (84%).

Conclusions
The results show that the proposed methodology can be successfully used for the classification of pulmonary nodules based on CT images. The outcome thus can help clinicians to reach better decision, treatments and early diagnosis.
Design and implementation of domestic dual-SIM telesecurity alarm system using voice code recognition
Authors: Okafor Johnpaul Uzozie , Akande Akinyinka Olukunle , Agubor Cosmas Kemdirim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractViolent crime cases which include, robbery, rape, and homicide are terribly on the rise, and the role of security in combating this menace cannot be overemphasized. This research presents a security device that aims at fighting violent crimes using voice recognition technology. The work also tends to solve the issue of network downtime when the user is out of reach for help in time of attack. In this work, a voice processing unit which comprises the condenser microphone, an amplifier, a shift register, and a timer was designed. The processing unit circuit was incorporated into microcontrollers which create Human-Device interaction and the GSM communication unit which is made up of two GSM modules. The two microcontrollers used in the design are PIC18F4520 and PIC16F873A. The microcontrollers were programmed with C++ using the MPLAB IDE software and the circuit simulation was done using Proteus Design Suite version 8. The result shows that the appropriate authority receives SMS whenever the pre-recorded code is mentioned. The result also shows that during network downtime, the second GSM module sends an SMS to the appropriate authority. Evaluating the performance of this work, it was observed that the device works best in a calm area compared to a noisy area. This work is designed to work in domestic areas like homes, offices, malls, and mainly areas free from so much noise. Therefore, this work has successfully reduced the crime rate in emergencies.
A comprehensive review comparing conventional versus traditional remedies in the treatment of endometriosis with futuristic insights
Authors: Shah Mansi , Dave Bhavarth , Bhagat Shivam , Rao Hetansh , Khadela Avinash , Parikh Nisha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
A common condition known as endometriosis typically takes place in females in their reproductive age and develops generally in the endometrial lining of females. Chronically, endometriosis has been associated with a reduction in the patient’s quality of life (QOL) which can have a hazardous impact on their social working and functionality. Owing to the involvement of hormones in the development of endometriosis, drugs having the capability to modulate the hormonal concentrations, along with surgical techniques, have been designed to treat endometriosis.

Main body
There are certain drawbacks of the currently existing therapy for endometriosis which include the inability to improve the quality of life of the patient, treatment failures and unresponsiveness from the patient, and adverse effects of the drugs such as weight gain, mood swings, vaginal dryness, etc. Herbal medicines have attracted the attention of various researchers for the development of novel therapeutics against several gynecological disorders, mainly endometriosis. Our present review summarizes the precise pathogenesis of endometriosis along with its conventional therapy and novel developments in herbal medicines wherein we have compiled data from 15 completed clinical trials (conventional therapy: 7, herbal therapy: 8). Additionally, we have included data from four preclinical studies on herbal medicine that showed promising results in treating endometriosis highlighting the necessity for clinical trials to yield more definitive findings. The number of clinical trials carried out to assess the response of herbs in endometriosis is limited which is why additional studies could provide beneficial concrete evidence in the effective treatment of endometriosis and ensure improved patient outcomes.

Conclusion
Conventional therapies possess certain limitations to treat endometriosis due to which the attention of scientists has shifted toward herbal therapy due to its advantages such as improved safety and tolerability in treating endometriosis. However, additional clinical investigations into herbal therapy may prove to be fruitful in the discovery of novel therapeutics to treat endometriosis effectively.
Contralateral Suppression in Adrenal Venous Sampling Predicts Clinical and Biochemical Outcome in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Okubo Jessica , Frudit Paula , Cavalcante Aline C B S , Maciel Ana A W , Freitas Thais C , Pilan Bruna , Fagundes Gustavo F C , Queiroz Nara L , Stumpf Matheo A M , Souza Victor C M , Kawahara Eduardo Z , Goldbaum Tatiana S , Pereira Maria Adelaide A , Calsavara Vinicius F , Coelho Fernando M A , Srougi Vitor , Tanno Fabio Y , Chambo Jose L , Bortolotto Luiz A , Drager Luciano F , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Latronico Ana Claudia , Mendonca Berenice B , Carnevale Francisco C , Almeida Madson Q 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
The role of hormone parameters at adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in predicting clinical and biochemical outcomes remains controversial.

Objective
To investigate the impact of hormone parameters at AVS under cosyntropin stimulation on lateralization and on complete biochemical and clinical outcomes.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 150 sequential AVS under cosyntropin infusion. The bilateral successful cannulation rate was 83.3% (n = 140), 47.9% bilateral and 52.1% unilateral. The lateralization index, aldosterone/cortisol ratio (A/C) in the dominant adrenal vein (AV), and relative aldosterone secretion index (RASI = A/C in AV divided by A/C in inferior vena cava) were assessed. The contralateral suppression (CS) percentage was defined by (1 − nondominant RASI) * 100.

Results
A nondominant RASI &lt;0.5 (CS &gt;50%) had 86.84% sensitivity and 92.96% specificity to predict contralateral lateralization. An A/C ratio in dominant AV &gt;5.9 (74.67% sensitivity and 80% specificity) and dominant RASI &gt;4.7 (35.21% sensitivity and 88.06% specificity) had the worst performance to predict ipsilateral lateralization. Complete biochemical and clinical cure was significantly more frequent in the patients with CS &gt;50% [98.41% vs 42.86% (P &lt; .001) and 41.94% vs 0% (P &lt; .001)]. CS correlated with high aldosterone at diagnosis (P &lt; .001) and low postoperative aldosterone levels at 1 month (P = .019). Postoperative biochemical hypoaldosteronism was more frequent in patients with CS &gt;50% (70% vs 16.67%, P = .014). In multivariable analysis, a CS &gt;50% was associated with complete biochemical cure [odds ratio (OR) 125, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.904-5000; P = .001] and hypertension remission (OR 12.19, 95% CI 2.074-250; P = .023).

Conclusion
A CS &gt;50% was an independent predictor of complete clinical and biochemical cure. Moreover, it can predict unilateral primary aldosteronism and postoperative biochemical hypoaldosteronism. Our findings underscore the usefulness of CS for clinical decision-making.
Key considerations to improve the normalization, interpretation and reproducibility of morbidity data in mammalian models of viral disease
Authors: Belser Jessica A. , Kieran Troy J. , Mitchell Zoë A. , Sun Xiangjie , Mayfield Kristin , Tumpey Terrence M. , Spengler Jessica R. , Maines Taronna R. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Viral pathogenesis and therapeutic screening studies that utilize small mammalian models rely on the accurate quantification and interpretation of morbidity measurements, such as weight and body temperature, which can vary depending on the model, agent and/or experimental design used. As a result, morbidity-related data are frequently normalized within and across screening studies to aid with their interpretation. However, such data normalization can be performed in a variety of ways, leading to differences in conclusions drawn and making comparisons between studies challenging. Here, we discuss variability in the normalization, interpretation, and presentation of morbidity measurements for four model species frequently used to study a diverse range of human viral pathogens – mice, hamsters, guinea pigs and ferrets. We also analyze findings aggregated from influenza A virus-infected ferrets to contextualize this discussion. We focus on serially collected weight and temperature data to illustrate how the conclusions drawn from this information can vary depending on how raw data are collected, normalized and measured. Taken together, this work supports continued efforts in understanding how normalization affects the interpretation of morbidity data and highlights best practices to improve the interpretation and utility of these findings for extrapolation to public health contexts.
How Groups Differ from Individuals in Learning from Experience: Evidence from a Contest Platform
Authors: He Tianyu , Minervini Marco S. , Puranam Phanish 
Published: March 2024

We examine how groups differ from individuals in how they tackle two fundamental trade-offs in learning from experience—namely, between exploration and exploitation and between over- and undergeneralization from noisy data (which is also known as the “bias-variance” trade-off in the machine learning literature). Using data from an online contest platform (Kaggle) featuring groups and individuals competing on the same learning task, we found that groups, as expected, not only generate a larger aggregate of alternatives but also explore a more diverse range of these alternatives compared with individuals, even when accounting for the greater number of alternatives. However, we also discovered that this abundance of alternatives may make groups struggle more than individuals at generalizing the feedback they receive into a valid understanding of their task environment. Building on these findings, we theorize about the conditions under which groups may achieve better learning outcomes than individuals. Specifically, we propose a self-limiting nature to the group advantage in learning from experience; the group advantage in generating alternatives may result in potential disadvantages in the evaluation and selection of these alternatives. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.15239 .
Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ tri-doped no-core fiber temperature sensor based on fluorescence intensity ratio technology: towards high stability and accurate measurements
Authors: Wang Huifang , Yin Zhiyuan , Song Dianchang , Liu Wei , Zhou Xue , Yan Xin , Zhang Xuenan , Cheng Tonglei 
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the green upconversion (UC) fluorescence emission from Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ tri-doped tellurite glass is
investigated for temperature sensing. The doping of Ho3+ ions not only enhances the chance of
energy level transition but also avoids the influence of the thermal
effect caused by the proximity of 2H11/2 and 4S3/2 energy levels. The luminescence
characteristics at different Yb3+ and Ho3+ ion concentration doping molar ratios
were investigated, and the strongest luminescence characteristics were
exhibited when the Yb3+ ion concentration was at
5 mol% and Ho3+ at 0.2 mol%. Based on this, a
tri-doped TeO2-ZnO-Bi2O3 (TZB) no-core fiber was fabricated
and connected with multimode fibers (MMFs) to form a temperature
sensor. The temperature sensing performance of the tri-doped TZB
temperature sensor was evaluated in detail over the temperature range
of 255–365 K. The repeatability and stability of the
temperature sensor was experimentally verified. The Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ tri-doped sensor can be used for
noninvasive optical temperature sensing in the fields of environmental
monitoring, biological sensing, and industrial process temperature
control, etc.