bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T-height in weakly o-minimal structures
Authors: Tyne James 
Published: December 2007

AbstractGiven a weakly o-minimal theoryT, theT-height of an element of a model ofTis defined as a means of classifying the order of magnitude of the element. IfTsatisfies some easily met technical conditions, then this classification is coarse enough for a Wilkie-type inequality: given a set of elements of a model ofT, each of which has a differentT-height, the cardinality of this set is at most 1 plus the minimum cardinality of a set that generates the structure.
Stable embeddedness in algebraically closed valued fields
Authors: Hrushovski E. , Tatarsky A. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe give some general criteria for the stable embeddedness of a definable set. We use these criteria to establish the stable embeddedness in algebraically closed valued fields of two definable sets: The set of balls of a given radius r < 1 contained in the valuation ring and the set of balls of a given multiplicative radius r < 1. We also show that in an algebraically closed valued field a 0-definable set is stably embedded if and only if its algebraic closure is stably embedded.
Co-stationarity of the ground model
Authors: Dobrinen Natasha , Friedman Sy-David 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates when it is possible for a partial ordering ℙ to force Pk(Λ)\V to be stationary in Vℙ. It follows from a result of Gitik that whenever ℙ adds a new real, then Pk(Λ)\V is stationary in Vℙ for each regular uncountable cardinal κ in Vℙ and all cardinals λ ≥ κ in Vℙ [4], However, a covering theorem of Magidor implies that when no new ω-sequences are added, large cardinals become necessary [7]. The following is equiconsistent with a proper class of ω1-Erdős cardinals: If ℙ is ℵ1-Cohen forcing, then Pk(Λ)\V is stationary in Vℙ, for all regular κ ≥ ℵ2and all λ ≩ κ. The following is equiconsistent with an ω1-Erdős cardinal: If ℙ is ℵ1-Cohen forcing, then is stationary in Vℙ. The following is equiconsistent with κ measurable cardinals: If ℙ is κ-Cohen forcing, then is stationary in Vℙ.
Predicate Logics of Constructive Arithmetical Theories
Authors: Visser Albert 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we show that the predicate logics of consistent extensions of Heyting's Arithmetic plus Church's Thesis with uniqueness condition are complete. Similarly, we show that the predicate logic of HA*. i.e. Heyting's Arithmetic plus the Completeness Principle (for HA*) is complete. These results extend the known results due to Valery Plisko. To prove the results we adapt Plisko's method to use Tennenbaum's Theorem to prove ‘categoricity of interpretations’ under certain assumptions.
Sublocales in formal topology
Authors: Vickers Steven 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe paper studies how the localic notion of sublocale transfers to formal topology. For any formal topology (not necessarily with positivity predicate) we define a sublocale to be a cover relation that includes that of the formal topology. The family of sublocales has set-indexed joins. For each set of base elements there are corresponding open and closed sublocales, boolean complements of each other. They generate a boolean algebra amongst the sublocales. In the case of an inductively generated formal topology, the collection of inductively generated sublocales has coframe structure.Overt sublocales and weakly closed sublocales are described, and related via a new notion of “rest closed” sublocale to the binary positivity predicate. Overt, weakly closed sublocales of an inductively generated formal topology are in bijection with “lower powerpoints”, arising from the impredicative theory of the lower powerlocale.Compact sublocales and fitted sublocales are described. Compact fitted sublocales of an inductively generated formal topology are in bijection with “upper powerpoints”, arising from the impredicative theory of the upper powerlocale.
Invisible Contributions in Families with Children and Adults with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Grant Gordon 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACTFor many years there has been an underlying pathology within the literature about families with children and adults with intellectual disabilities (Helff & Glidden, 1998). This literature has emphasized stress and burden, incapacity and dependency, leading to negative stereotyping of families in this context. Over the last 2 decades research has led to some important reconceptualizations of how families approach their caring, affording an improved understanding of how they deploy strengths and resources, and who benefits. This paper reviews this thinking, arguing that it provides a suitable context for understanding the scope and form of family caregiving contributions that are less visible, and therefore less recognized. An attempt is therefore made to chart invisible contributions. It is suggested that invisible contributions have implications for thinking about human and social capital (Putnam, 2000) as well as for practice in supporting families.
Cultural Predictors of Caregiving Burden of Chinese-Canadian Family Caregivers
Authors: Lai Daniel W.L. 
Published: December 2007

ABSTRACTThe growth of research knowledge on culturally diverse family caregivers for the aging population lags behind the increase of culturally diverse populations in Canada. This study examines the effects of culture, as manifested through cultural variables, on the caregiving burden of family caregivers in a Chinese-Canadian community. A random sample of 339 Chinese-Canadian caregivers for elderly relatives completed a telephone survey. Results of hierarchical stepwise multiple regression analysis reported the predicting effects of culture-related variables on caregiving burden. The findings indicated that being an immigrant, having a Western or non-Western religion as compared to having no religion, and having a lower level of filial piety, predicted a higher level of caregiving burden. Chinese tradition does not exempt the caregivers from being burdened. Policies and practices should address the needs of family caregivers according to the intra-cultural variations identified in this study.
Anisotropic radio-wave scattering from englacial water regimes, Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland
Authors: Matsuoka Kenichi , Thorsteinsson Throstur , Björnsson Helgi , Waddington Edwin D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractColinear-polarized 5 MHz radar profiling data were obtained on Mýrdalsjökull, a temperate glacier in Iceland. Radar transects, and therefore polarization planes, were aligned approximately parallel, transverse and oblique to the ice flow direction. Echoes from the shallower half to two-thirds of the ice were 10–20dB stronger on the oblique and longitudinal transects than those on the transverse transects. Anisotropy as a function of depth is clearly seen at the sites where the transects cross. Strong scattering on longitudinal transects apparently caused extinction of a radar-reflecting layer that was continuously profiled on the transverse transects. A radio-wave scattering model shows that scattering from a longitudinal water-filled conduit parallel to the glacier surface can explain the observed azimuthal variations of the echo. We conclude that low-frequency (~MHz) radio waves can help to characterize englacial water regimes.
Structural Selection in G‐Quartet‐Based Hydrogels and Controlled Release of Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Sreenivasachary Nampally , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA guanosine‐5′‐hydrazide can entrap biologically interesting molecules such as acyclovir, vitamin C, and vancomycin into its hydrogel network. Controlled release of these molecules was monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The hydrazide may potentially form mixed G–G quartets with analogous compounds containing a guanine group. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to study the inclusion of various guanine derivatives into the hydrogel. The structural selectivity was found to depend strongly on both the shape and the charge of the additive and may arise from the strong cohesion of the supramolecular architecture of the gel and the resulting resistance to perturbation by foreign bodies. Hydrogels thus offer a promising medium for highly selective, controlled release of bioactive substances.
Regression with multiple regressor arrays
Authors: Plaehn Dave C. , Lundahl David S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractExtension of standard regression to the case of multiple regressor arrays is given via the Kronecker product. The method is illustrated using ordinary least squares regression (OLS) as well as the latent variable (LV) methods principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares regression (PLS). Denoting the method applied to PLS as mrPLS, the latter was shown to explain as much or more variance for the first LV relative to the comparable L‐partial least squares regression (L‐PLS) model. The same relationship holds when mrPLS is compared to PLS or n‐way partial least squares (N‐PLS) and the response array is 2‐way or 3‐way, respectively, where the regressor array corresponding to the first mode of the response array is 2‐way and the second mode regressor array is an identity matrix. In a comparison with N‐PLS using fragrance data, mrPLS proved superior in a validation sense when model selection was used. Though the focus is on 2‐way regressor arrays, the method can be applied to n‐way regressors via N‐PLS. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of calcium channel CaV1.3 in cat spinal cord: Light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study
Authors: Zhang Mengliang , Møller Morten , Broman Jonas , Sukiasyan Natalya , Wienecke Jacob , Hultborn Hans 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIn spinal neurons, plateau potentials serve to amplify neuronal input signals. To a large extent, the underlying persistent inward current is mediated by a subtype of the L‐type calcium channel (CaV1.3). In the present investigation, we have studied its distribution and cellular localization in the cat spinal cord by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. The results show that CaV1.3‐like immunoreactivity is widely distributed in all segments of the spinal cord but that the distribution in the different laminae of the spinal gray matter varies, with the highest density of labeled neurons in lamina IX and the lowest in lamina II. The labeling intensity was highest in neuronal somata, but a certain length of the proximal dendrite was also labeled. Some neuronal groups exhibited a particularly dense labeling; these include the lateral motoneuronal group in the cervical and the lumbar enlargements and the phrenic nucleus in cervical, Clarke's nucleus in lower thoracic and upper lumbar, and Onuf's nucleus in upper sacral segments. At the ultrastructural level, CaV1.3‐immunoreactive products were found in neuronal somata and dendrites of different sizes. In the soma, they were predominantly associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum but some also with the plasma membrane. In dendrites, they were associated with both intracellular organelles, including microtubules and microchondria, and the plasma membrane. These results indicate that significant proportions of the neurons in cat spinal cord, including projection neurons, interneurons, and motoneurons, are endowed with ion channels that subserve persistent inward currents and act to amplify synaptic input signals. J. Comp. Neurol. 507:1109–1127, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familiality and heritability of binge eating disorder: Results of a case‐control family study and a twin study
Authors: Javaras Kristin N. , Laird Nan M. , Reichborn‐Kjennerud Ted , Bulik Cynthia M. , Pope Harrison G. , Hudson James I. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:To estimate the familiality and heritability of binge eating disorder (BED).Method:We used a new ACE structural equation model to estimate heritability from a case‐control family study of BED conducted in the Boston area. The sample consisted of 150 overweight/obese probands with lifetime BED by DSM‐IV criteria, 150 overweight/obese probands without lifetime BED, and 888 of their first‐degree relatives. We compared our findings with those from a study of binge eating (in the absence of compensatory behaviors) among 7,831 Norwegian twins.Results:The prevalence of BED differed by sex and by age. In the case‐control family study, BED was found to aggregate in families, and heritability was estimated as 57% (CI: 30–77%). Including shared environment did not substantially improve the model's fit, nor did allowing sex‐specific heritability. Findings from the twin study were similar.Conclusion:BED appears to aggregate in families and have a significant genetic component. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
An empirical study of the typology of bulimic symptoms in young Portuguese women
Authors: Pinheiro Andrea Poyastro , Bulik Cynthia M. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Machado Paulo P. P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether clusters of bulimic symptoms exist in a community sample of young Portuguese women.Method:A total of 2028 females, aged 12–23 years, completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q). Latent class analysis was applied to the seven bulimic symptoms, age, and body mass index.Results:The selected 4‐class solution yielded a “healthy” class, reporting minimal binge eating and purging behaviors. A “binge eating” class, resembled binge eating disorder. A “purging” class had infrequent binge eating, but frequent compensatory behaviors. Finally, in a “classic bulimia nervosa” class, binge eating episodes were reported by 95% of participants, and compensatory behaviors were frequently endorsed. EDE ‐Q global and subscale scores differed across all latent classes.Conclusion:In the community, three natural patterns exist: binge eating plus compensatory behaviors, binge eating only, and purging in the absence of binge eating. These results have implications for future revisions of eating disorders nosology. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
Implications of REACH for developing countries
Authors: Ackerman Frank , Stanton Elizabeth A. , Roach Brian , Andersson Anne‐Sofie 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe new European Union (EU) chemicals regulation, the Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals, or REACH, went into effect in 2007. In the extensive advance discussion of the expected impacts of REACH, questions were raised about the effects of this new chemical policy on developing countries. In particular, will it harm the economies of the group of African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries that historically have been connected to Europe? We found, in brief, that there are only limited, isolated cases where REACH could be problematical for ACP exporters. Almost all ACP exports subject to REACH face insignificant obstacles from the new regulation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Structural Aspects of the Growth Mechanism of Copper Nanoparticles Inside Apoferritin
Authors: Ceolín Marcelo , Gálvez Natividad , Sánchez Purificación , Fernández Belén , Domínguez‐Vera José M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt is well known that some of the metal ions remain bound to apoferritin when incubating apoferritin with metal ions. In this study a structural insight, from X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, into the mechanism of inorganic core formation is presented. The results indicate that, in the case of CuII at pH 8, the metal ions bound to apoferritin are in fact CuII oxide/hydroxide. This CuII species does not react with the CuII‐specific TTMAPP, traditionally used to detect CuII, because TTMAPP is too large to penetrate the apoferritin channel and interact with the metal ions. EXAFS results suggest that the CuII precursor can be described as an amorphous network of oxygen/hydroxide‐coordinating polyhedra surrounding the copper ions. XAS results demonstrate that this CuII‐oxide/hydroxide species is completely converted into zero‐valent Cu nanoparticles when treated with NaBH4. Furthermore, a structural model for the final Cu0 nanoparticle is offered.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Development of a Korean version of the behavior rating scale for dementia (BRSD‐K)
Authors: Youn Jong Chul , Lee Dong Young , Lee Jung Hie , Kim Ki Woong , Jhoo Jin Hyeong , Choo Il Han , Paek Yong Su , Jeon Yong Ho , Seo Kwan Woo , Woo Jong Inn 
Published: December 2007

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop a Korean version of the behavior rating scale for dementia (BRSD‐K) for evaluating behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.MethodsThe BRSD‐K was administered to the informants of 268 subjects with dementia. Internal, inter‐rater and test–retest reliabilities were tested. To evaluate construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was performed. To evaluate concurrent validity, Pearson correlation coefficients between BRSD‐K scores and the corresponding scores of the Korean version of the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI‐K) were calculated.ResultsBRSD‐K demonstrated substantially high levels of reliabilities. Factor analysis identified seven factors, i.e. depressive symptoms, irritability/aggression, psychotic symptoms, behavioral dysregulations, sleep disturbance, inertia, and appetite. Correlations between BRSD‐K and corresponding NPI‐K scores were statistically significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionsBRSD‐K was found to be a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating BPSD. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural substrates of phonological and lexicosemantic representations in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Peters Frederic , Majerus Steve , Collette Fabienne , Degueldre Christian , Fiore Guy Del , Laureys Steven , Moonen Gustave , Salmon Eric 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe language profile of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized not only by lexicosemantic impairments but also by phonological deficits, as shown by an increasing number of neuropsychological studies. This study explored the functional neural correlates underlying phonological and lexicosemantic processing in AD. Using H215O PET functional brain imaging, a group of mild to moderate AD patients and a group of age‐matched controls were asked to repeat four types of verbal stimuli: words, wordlike nonwords (WL+), non‐wordlike nonwords (WL−) and simple vowels. The comparison between the different conditions allowed us to determine brain activation preferentially associated with lexicosemantic or phonological levels of language representations. When repeating words, AD patients showed decreased activity in the left temporo‐parietal and inferior frontal regions relative to controls, consistent with distorted lexicosemantic representations. Brain activity was abnormally increased in the right superior temporal area during word repetition, a region more commonly associated with perceptual‐phonological processing. During repetition of WL+ and WL− nonwords, AD patients showed decreased activity in the middle part of the superior temporal gyrus, presumably associated with sublexical phonological information; at the same time, AD patients showed larger activation than controls in the inferior temporal gyrus, typically associated with lexicosemantic levels of representation. Overall, the results suggest that AD patients use altered pathways to process phonological and lexicosemantic information, possibly related to a progressive loss of specialization of phonological and lexicosemantic neural networks. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroendocrine pathways in benzodiazepine dependence: new targets for research and therapy
Authors: Heberlein Annemarie , Bleich Stefan , Kornhuber Johannes , Hillemacher Thomas 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBenzodiazepines are known to modulate the activity of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenocortical (HPA) axis by antagonizing the effects of corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRH). Besides regulating the HPA axis CRH evolves properties of a neurotransmitter in the limbic system that is closely involved in the delivery of the emotional consequences of the stress response. At a superordinated level Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Cholecystokinin (CCK) affect the release of CRH and modulate thereby the intensity of the physiological stress response. Benzodiazepine treatment interferes not only with the release of CRH but also with the release of NPY and CCK. Alterations in the intracortical ratio of NPY, CCK and CRH are correlated with behavioural changes like increased respectively decreased anxiety and subsequent alterations in the activity of the HPA axis. Recent research offers the possibility that the alterations of plasma levels of these neuropeptides are not only a secondary phenomenon due to drug intake, but that low levels of those neuropeptides that modulate anxiety and fear can possibly explain addiction to substances that counterbalance these deficits. Depending on the available results possible implications of NPY and CCK on benzodiazepine addiction and withdrawal symptoms are reviewed, thereby providing topics for further research. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved peripheral blood stem cell collection following plasma exchange in a patient with elevated viscosity and coagulopathy
Authors: Alex Jessie , Erickson Yasuko O. , Schlueter Annette J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe report a case of improved CD34+ cell yields from peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection following therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in a patient with elevated viscosity and coagulopathy. The patient was a 46‐year‐old male diagnosed with IgM lambda multiple myeloma that was largely unresponsive to standard chemotherapy. He had coagulopathy due to lymphoproliferative disease‐associated acquired von Willebrand Factor (vWF) deficiency. The patient underwent two rounds of PBSC collections over 3 consecutive weeks (five total collections) prior to planned tandem transplant for multiple myeloma. Both rounds resulted in poor collections due to processing difficulties. It was decided to perform three TPEs daily immediately prior to attempting additional PBSC collections, to treat the patient's elevated viscosity and thereby potentially improve the efficiency of collections. Immediately following the three TPEs, two additional PBSC collections resulted in sufficient CD34+ cells to proceed to transplant. Lower IgM and/or viscosity levels present after the three TPEs likely permitted successful collection of stem cells. J. Clin. Apheresis, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unsuspected gallbladder cancer diagnosed during or after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Kwon A‐Hon , Imamura Atsushi , Kitade Hiroaki , Kamiyama Yasuo 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe long‐term prognosis of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for patients with unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remains unclear. We investigated retrospectively the role of examination of frozen sections and the prognosis of patients with unsuspected GBC detected during or after LC.MethodsLC was performed on 1,793 consecutive patients. If a suspicious lesion was found, intraoperative frozen section examination was performed.ResultsOf all these patients, 38 (2.1%) were histopathologically diagnosed as having a GBC during (28) or after LC (10). The tumor stages of the 28 diagnosed during LC were: pT1a (17), pT1b (2), pT2 (8), and pT3 (1). The sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative frozen section examination were 90 and 100%, respectively. On the other hand, those 10 cases diagnosed after LC had pT1a (1) and pT2 (9) tumors. Survival rates were not significantly affected by whether the patient was diagnosed with GBC during or after LC.ConclusionsThe survival with unsuspected GBC was related to stage and it was confirmed that a carefully performed LC is adequate treatment for Stage 1A and B cancer. The LC procedure does not adversely affect the prognosis of unsuspected GBC, regardless of whether it is detected during or after LC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:241–245. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.