bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter‐atrial septal balloon dilation to facilitate intracardiac echocardiography guided left atrial appendage occlusion
Authors: Goyal Sandeep K. , Bhimani Ashish A. , Kella Danesh K. , Tyagi Anahita , Polsani Venkateshwar , Deering Thomas F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPercutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is traditionally performed under general anesthesia with trans‐esophageal echocardiography guidance. Intracardiac echo (ICE)‐guided LAAO closure is increasing in clinical use. The ICE catheter is crossed into LA via interatrial septum (IAS) after the septum is dilated with LAAO delivery sheath. This step can be time‐consuming and requires significant ICE catheter manipulation, which increases the risk of cardiac perforation. Pre‐emptive septal balloon dilation can potentially help with ICE advancement in the LA. We sought to evaluate the effect of pre‐dilation of the IAS with an 8 mm balloon on the ease of crossing the ICE catheter, fluoroscopy time for crossing, and overall procedure time.MethodsThe Piedmont LAAO registry was used to identify consecutive patients who underwent LAAO. The initial 25 patients in whom balloon dilation of the IAS was performed served as the experimental cohort, and the 25 consecutive patients before that in whom balloon dilation was not performed served as controls. In the experimental group, after a trans‐septal puncture, the sheath was retracted to the right atrium with a guidewire still in the LA. An 8 × 40 mm Evercoss™ over the wire balloon was inflated across the IAS. The ICE catheter was then crossed into the LA using the fluoroscopic landmark of the guide wire and the ICE imaging. The sheath was then advanced along the ICE catheter via the transseptal puncture (TSP) and the procedure continued. Follow‐up compputed tomography imaging was obtained at 4–8 weeks.ResultsEach group consisted of 25 patients. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. All procedures were performed successfully under conscious sedation and ICE guidance. There was a significant reduction in the overall procedure time, fluoroscopy time, and time for transseptal puncture to ICE in LA. There was no difference in the size of the acute residual interatrial shunt, as measured via ICE, or the size and presence of iatrogenic ASD at follow‐up.ConclusionBalloon dilation of TSP is safe and is associated with increased efficiency in ICE‐guided LAAO procedures.
Integrated dilator‐needle transseptal crossing device in atrial fibrillation cryoballoon ablation procedures
Authors: Benezet‐Mazuecos Juan , Lozano Álvaro , Miracle Ángel , Crosa Julián 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn cryoballoon ablation (CBA) procedures, transseptal access (TSA) is generally achieved using a standard sheath and needle system that is exchanged for the cryoballoon delivery sheath and dilator over a long wire. Sheath exchange has been related with air embolic events. Recently, an integrated dilator‐needle system assembled to the cryoballoon sheath was introduced. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an integrated TSA tool compared with the traditional approach in atrial fibrillation CBA procedures.MethodsPatients scheduled for CBA procedures were randomized 1:1 to traditional TSA (t‐TSA) or integrated TSA (i‐TSA). TSA time was defined as time from superior vena cava to LA insertion of the cryoballoon delivery sheath, after sheath exchange (t‐TSA) or directly (i‐TSA).ResultsNinety‐seven patients (76 males, mean age 59 ± 10 years) were randomized, 48 patients underwent t‐TSA, and 49 i‐TSA. Mean TSA time was 5 min 59 s ± 5 min 36 s in the t‐TSA group and 2 min 59 s ± 2 min 14 s in the i‐TSA group (p < .001). Total fluoroscopy time, skin‐to‐skin procedure time, and LA dwell time were respectively 15 ± 6, 69 ± 16, and 44 ± 12 min in the t‐TSA group and 13 ± 6, 65 ± 15, and 43 ± 11 min in the i‐TSA group (p = ns). No clinically significant acute complications related to TSA were noted in both cohorts.ConclusionThis is the first randomized study comparing both TSA approaches. TSA in CBA procedures using this integrated tool enables a safe and efficient workflow, reducing TSA time and avoiding sheath exchange.
Induced pluripotent stem cell‐based assays recapture multiple properties of human astrocytes
Authors: Nonaka Hideki , Kondo Takayuki , Suga Mika , Yamanaka Ryu , Sagara Yukako , Tsukita Kayoko , Mitsutomi Naoko , Homma Kengo , Saito Ryuta , Miyoshi Fumihiko , Ohzeki Hiromitsu , Okuyama Masahiro , Inoue Haruhisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe majority of the population of glial cells in the central nervous system consists of astrocytes, and impairment of astrocytes causes various disorders. It is useful to assess the multiple astrocytic properties in order to understand their complex roles in the pathophysiology. Although we can differentiate human astrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), it remains unknown how we can analyse and reveal the multiple properties of astrocytes in complexed human disease conditions. For this purpose, we tested astrocytic differentiation protocols from feeder‐free iPSCs based on the previous method with some modifications. Then, we set up extra‐ and intracellular assessments of iPSC‐derived astrocytes by testing cytokine release, calcium influx, autophagy induction and migration. The results led us to analytic methods with conditions in which iPSC‐derived astrocytes behave as in vivo. Finally, we applied these methods for modelling an astrocyte‐related disease, Alexander disease. An analytic system using iPSC‐derived astrocytes could be used to recapture complexities in human astrocyte diseases.
NGCN: Drug‐target interaction prediction by integrating information and feature learning from heterogeneous network
Authors: Cao Junyue , Chen Qingfeng , Qiu Junlai , Wang Yiming , Lan Wei , Du Xiaojing , Tan Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDrug‐target interaction (DTI) prediction is essential for new drug design and development. Constructing heterogeneous network based on diverse information about drugs, proteins and diseases provides new opportunities for DTI prediction. However, the inherent complexity, high dimensionality and noise of such a network prevent us from taking full advantage of these network characteristics. This article proposes a novel method, NGCN, to predict drug‐target interactions from an integrated heterogeneous network, from which to extract relevant biological properties and association information while maintaining the topology information. It focuses on learning the topology representation of drugs and targets to improve the performance of DTI prediction. Unlike traditional methods, it focuses on learning the low‐dimensional topology representation of drugs and targets via graph‐based convolutional neural network. NGCN achieves substantial performance improvements over other state‐of‐the‐art methods, such as a nearly 1.0% increase in AUPR value. Moreover, we verify the robustness of NGCN through benchmark tests, and the experimental results demonstrate it is an extensible framework capable of combining heterogeneous information for DTI prediction.
Understanding formation processes of calcareous nephrolithiasis in renal interstitium and tubule lumen
Authors: Dong Caitao , Zhou Jiawei , Su Xiaozhe , He Ziqi , Song Qianlin , Song Chao , Ke Hu , Wang Chuan , Liao Wenbiao , Yang Sixing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKidney stone, one of the oldest known diseases, has plagued humans for centuries, consistently imposing a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems worldwide due to their high incidence and recurrence rates. Advancements in endoscopy, imaging, genetics, molecular biology and bioinformatics have led to a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism behind nephrolithiasis. Kidney stone formation is a complex, multi‐step and long‐term process involving the transformation of stone‐forming salts from free ions into asymptomatic or symptomatic stones influenced by physical, chemical and biological factors. Among the various types of kidney stones observed in clinical practice, calcareous nephrolithiasis is currently the most common and exhibits the most intricate formation mechanism. Extensive research suggests that calcareous nephrolithiasis primarily originates from interstitial subepithelial calcified plaques and/or calcified blockages in the openings of collecting ducts. These calcified plaques and blockages eventually come into contact with urine in the renal pelvis, serving as a nidus for crystal formation and subsequent stone growth. Both pathways of stone formation share similar mechanisms, such as the drive of abnormal urine composition, involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation, and an imbalance of stone inhibitors and promoters. However, they also possess unique characteristics. Hence, this review aims to provide detailed description and present recent discoveries regarding the formation processes of calcareous nephrolithiasis from two distinct birthplaces: renal interstitium and tubule lumen.
Catalpol promotes articular cartilage repair by enhancing the recruitment of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Wu Congzi , Shi Zhenyu , Ge Qinwen , Xu HuiHui , Wu Zhen , Tong Peijian , Jin Hongting 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage defect is challenged by insufficient regenerative ability of cartilage. Catalpol (CA), the primary active component of Rehmanniae Radix, could exert protective effects against various diseases. However, the impact of CA on the treatment of articular cartilage injuries is still unclear. In this study, full‐thickness articular cartilage defect was induced in a mouse model via surgery. The animals were intraperitoneally injected with CA for 4 or 8 weeks. According to the results of macroscopic observation, micro‐computed tomography CT (μCT), histological and immunohistochemistry staining, CA treatment could promote mouse cartilage repair, resulting in cartilage regeneration, bone structure improvement and matrix anabolism. Specifically, an increase in the expression of CD90, the marker of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in the cartilage was observed. In addition, we evaluated the migratory and chondrogenic effects of CA on MSCs. Different concentration of CA was added to C3H10 T1/2 cells. The results showed that CA enhanced cell migration and chondrogenesis without affecting proliferation. Collectively, our findings indicate that CA may be effective for the treatment of cartilage defects via stimulation of endogenous MSCs.
Proposal regarding potential causes related to certain complications with dental implants and adjacent natural teeth: Physics applied to prosthodontics
Authors: Goldstein Gary , Goodacre Charles , Brown Marion S. , Tarnow Dennis P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeComplications can and do occur with implants and their restorations with causes having been proposed for some single implant complications but not for others.MethodsA review of pertinent literature was conducted. A PubMed search of vibration, movement, and dentistry had 175 citations, while stress waves, movement, and dentistry had zero citations as did stress waves, movement. This paper discusses the physics of vibration, elastic and inelastic collision, and stress waves as potentially causative factors related to clinical complications.ResultsMultiple potential causes for interproximal contact loss have been presented, but it has not been fully understood. Likewise, theories have been suggested regarding the intrusion of natural teeth when they are connected to an implant as part of a fixed partial denture as well as intrusion when a tooth is located between adjacent implants, but the process of intrusion, and resultant extrusion, is not fully understood. A third complication with single implants and their crowns is abutment screw loosening with several of the clinical characteristics having been discussed but without determining the underlying process(es).ConclusionsInterproximal contact loss, natural tooth intrusion, and abutment screw loosening are common complications that occur with implant retained restorations. Occlusion is a significant confounding variable. The hypothesis is that vibration, or possibly stress waves, generated from occlusal impact forces on implant crowns and transmitted to adjacent teeth, are the causative factors in these events. Since occlusion appears to play a role in these complications, it is recommended that occlusal contacts provide centralized stability on implant crowns and not be located on any inclined surfaces that transmit lateral forces that could be transmitted to an adjacent tooth and cause interproximal contact loss or intrusion. The intensity, form, and location of proximal contacts between a natural tooth located between adjacent single implant crowns seem to play a role in the intrusion of the natural tooth. Currently, there is a lack of information about the underlying mechanisms related to these occurrences and research is needed to define any confounding variables.
Evaluation of neurofilament light chain as a biomarker in dogs with structural and idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Fowler Kayla M. , Shinn Richard L. , Rossmeisl John H. , Parker Rell L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeurofilament light chain (NfL) is a frequently used biomarker in humans for both diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring purposes in various neurologic diseases.Hypothesis/ObjectivesIt was hypothesized that dogs with diagnosed structural epilepsy (SE) would have a significantly higher serum NfL concentrations compared to dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). The secondary hypothesis was that dogs would have a significantly higher serum NfL concentrations when measured within 7 days after a seizure compared to being seizure‐free for at least 30 days.AnimalsFifty client‐owned dogs presented to the neurology service for evaluation of seizures were enrolled. Fourteen dogs had SE and 36 dogs had IE.MethodsProspective cohort study performed on 52 serum samples obtained for NfL concentration measurement using single molecule array technology.ResultsThe median serum concentration of NfL in dogs with SE was significantly higher (109 pg/mL; range, 11.4‐741.3 pg/mL) than in dogs with IE (17.7 pg/mL; range, 5.8‐188 pg/mL; Wilcoxon rank sum test, P = .001). No significant relationship was found between serum NfL concentration and time of sampling in relation to the most recent seizure in dogs with IE.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum NfL may serve as an adjunctive biomarker for the differentiation of SE and IE.
‘The non‐dormant beast’: Antisemitism in communities of Russian nationalists on Vkontakte
Authors: Oskolkov Petr , Lissitsa Sabina , Lewin Eyal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article explores the specifics of Russian antisemitic discourse of recent years using the example of three nationalist communities on Vkontakte, the most popular Russian social networking site, by means of critical discourse analysis. The main strategies they employ to frame the Jews online are stereotyping Jews as ungrateful and greedy, labelling the liberal opposition as Jews and using conspiracy narratives of Jews controlling the elites. The war in Ukraine has added nuances: Jews are accused of helping Ukraine, undermining the Russian political system and orchestrating the conflict. A situation of socio‐political turmoil transforms the perceived threat presented by Jews in ‘pro‐regime’ nationalist discourse from symbolic (identitarian) to realistic (economic and political) by providing underpinnings for the traditional fears. For nationalist communities based on the ethnic and racial understanding of a nation, this transformation is less present because they originally perceived Jews as a realistic threat. Though sociologically, Russian antisemitism has been in stable decline offline in recent decades, it is more visible online because of social media's apparent anonymity and content generation affordances.
The impact of preceptorship on the newly qualified nurse and preceptors working in a critical care environment: An integrative literature review
Authors: Lima Mariana Santos , Alzyood Mamdooh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPreceptorship has been found to be effective in supporting Newly Qualified Nurses (NQNs) during their transition into challenging environments, particularly in addressing issues related to confidence and anxiety. Effective preceptorship is an element of best practice and essential to support NQNs' transition into the critical care setting. However, the impact of preceptorship on NQNs and their preceptors in critical care units is yet to be completely understood.AimTo review the impact of preceptorship on NQNs and preceptors working in a critical care environment.Study DesignAn integrative literature review of the literature. The review employed Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) five‐stage integrative review approach.MethodsThree databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO) were searched for papers published between January 2010 and May 2022. The PRISMA framework was used to guide the search and screening. Thematic analysis was used to extract, organize and analyse the data.ResultsNine studies were included in this review. Reflective thematic analysis revealed three themes, with four related subthemes. Preceptorship has an impact on the development of the NQNs and preceptors' ‘nurturing’ relationship. NQNs develop their knowledge, competence and confidence when experiencing supportive preceptorship. Meanwhile, preceptors experience a combination of increased workload and opportunities for learning and professional development as a result of preceptorship.ConclusionThere is evidence of the impact of preceptorship on learning and professional development for both NQNs and preceptors, but this is a complex phenomenon and further research is required to understand this area more fully.Relevance to Clinical PracticeIn nursing practice, it is well‐established that Newly Qualified Nurses (NQNs) often face heightened levels of anxiety and a lack of confidence when embarking on their careers, particularly in the demanding and stressful environment of critical care units. This review holds particular significance in the realm of clinical practice as it delves into the pivotal role of preceptorship in nurturing the professional growth and development of NQNs within the challenging domain of critical care. Effective preceptorship, as an essential component of best practice, plays a pivotal role in aiding NQNs' transition into critical care settings.
The short‐ and long‐term effects of congenital occlusion loss of the unilateral first permanent molar on the temporomandibular joint morphology and position: A retrospective study based on cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Li Ting , Peng Sisi , Zhao Yuhan , Zhou Jianping , Dai Hongwei , Wu Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of congenital unilateral first permanent molar occlusal loss (CUMOL) on the morphology and position of temporomandibular joint (TMJ).Materials and MethodsCone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 37 patients with CUMOL (18 males and 19 females, mean age: 13.60 ± 4.38 years) were divided into two subgroups according to the status of second molar (G1: the second molar not erupted, n = 18, G2: second molar erupted, n = 19). The control group consisted of 33 normal occlusion patients (9 males and 24 females, mean age: 16.15 ± 5.44 years) and was divided into 2 subgroups accordingly (G3: the second molar had not erupted, n = 18, G4: the second molar had erupted and made contact with the opposing tooth, n = 15). Linear and angular measurements were used to determine the characteristics of TMJ.ResultsIn G1, the condyle on the side of the CUMOL shifts posteriorly, with significant side differences observed in Anterior space (AS, P < .05) and Posterior space (PS, P < .05). However, with the eruption of the second permanent molars, in G2, the condyle on the CUMOL side moves posteriorly and inferiorly. This results in significant lateral differences in the AS (P < .05), PS (P < .05), and Superior space (SS, P < .05). Additionally, there is an increase in the thickness of the roof of the glenoid fossa (TRF) on the CUMOL side (P < .05), and a decrease in the inclination of the bilateral articular eminences (P < .05).ConclusionsCUMOL can affect the position and the morphology of the condyle and was associated with the eruption of the second permanent molars. Before the eruption of the second permanent molars, CUMOL primarily affects the position of the condyle. After the emergence of the second permanent molars, CUMOL leads to changes in both the condyle's position and the morphology of the glenoid fossa.
Characterization of PRAME immunohistochemistry reveals lower expression in pediatric melanoma compared to adult melanoma
Authors: Forchhammer Stephan , Aebischer Valentin , Lenders Daniela , Seitz Christian M. , Schroeder Christopher , Liebmann Alexandra , Abele Michael , Wild Hannah , Bien Ewa , Krawczyk Malgorzata , Schneider Dominik T. , Brecht Ines B. , Flatz Lukas , Hahn Matthias 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPediatric melanomas are rare tumors that have clinical and histological differences from adult melanomas. In adult melanoma, the immunohistochemical marker PRAME is increasingly employed as a diagnostic adjunct. PRAME is also under investigation as a target structure for next‐generation immunotherapies including T‐cell engagers. Little is known about the characteristics of PRAME expression in pediatric melanoma. In this retrospective study, samples from 25 pediatric melanomas were compared with control groups of melanomas in young adults (18–30 years; n = 32), adult melanoma (>30 years, n = 30), and benign melanocytic nevi in children (0–18 years; n = 30) with regard to the immunohistochemical expression of PRAME (diffuse PRAME expression >75%/absolute expression). Pediatric melanomas show lower diffuse PRAME expression (4%) and lower absolute PRAME expression (25%) compared to young adult melanomas (15.6%/46.8%) and adult melanomas (50%/70%). A significant age‐dependent expression could be observed. An analysis of event‐free survival shows no prognostic role for PRAME in pediatric melanoma and young adult melanoma, but a significant association with diffuse PRAME expression in adulthood. The age dependency of PRAME expression poses a potential pitfall in the diagnostic application of melanocytic tumors in young patients and may limit therapeutic options within this age group. The immunohistochemical expression of the tumor‐associated antigen PRAME is an increasingly important diagnostic marker for melanocytic tumors and is gaining attention as a possible immunotherapeutic target in melanoma. As the available data primarily stem from adult melanoma, and given the clinical and histological distinctions in pediatric melanomas, our understanding of PRAME expression in this specific patient group remains limited. The age‐dependent low PRAME expression shown here constrains the use of this marker in pediatric melanoma and may also limit the use of immunotherapeutic strategies against PRAME in young patients.