bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Os Coxae of a Digging Form of the Northern Water Vole, Arvicola terrestris (Rodentia, Arvicolidae)
Authors: Ventura J. , Gosálbez J. , Götzens V. J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryData on the morphology, relative growth and sexual dimorphism of the os coxae of a digging form of the northern water vole Arvicola terrestris (A. t. monticola) are given. Two hundred ninety‐nine specimens (146 males and 153 females) caught in the Aran Valley (Spanish Pyrenees) were analyzed. The specimens were distributed into six classes of relative age, according to the skull morphology, kind of coat, moulting state, weight and sexual state.The morphological features of the os coxae in these specimens are similar to those described in other species of Arvicolidae. The hormonal effect upon the pelvis in adult females during pregnancy and parturition leads to the appearance of marked intersexual differences in the obturator foramen length, the pubis length, the pelvis length and, specially, in the pelvis height and the pubis width. By means of Becker's and Dunmire's procedures both sexes can be correctly discriminated in a 78.87 and a 76.4 % respectively. Conjugating the variation patterns obtained with Becker's index and the pelvis height, we have obtained a more effective method of sexual differentiation (an 85.51 % of correct discrimination).
Induction of Thyroid Proliferative Changes in Rats Treated with Antithyroid Compound
Authors: Rodriguez A. Fernandez , Davidson H. Galera , Villadiego M. Salguero , Fernandez A. Moreno , Lacave I. Martin , Sanz J. Fernandez 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis study was designed to investigate the histologic changes in goitrogen‐induced thyroid growth of the rat. The animals were orally treated by 1 % potassium perchlorate except the controls and were sacrificed in intervals ranging from 1 to 12 months.The thyroid weight increased progressively along the treatment and after 2 months showed a diffuse homogeneous hypertrophy and hyperplasia of follicular cells, decreased amount of colloid and increased vascularity. After sixth month of treatment true nodules appeared with complex morphology.
Fine Structural Aspects of Postnatal Development of Feline Lung
Authors: Al‐Tikriti M. S. , Henry R. W. , Eiler H. , Schultz T. W. , Breider M. A. , Cullens W. C. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryLung development was studied in late prenatal, 1‐, 7‐, 14‐, and 21‐days postnatal and adult cats. Cats were born with a few alveoli, and the lungs appeared to have patches of primitive air spaces (saccules). The saccules of prenatal kittens were thick walled, very cellular, and lined by type II pneumocytes. Eosinophils were observed in the septum, intraepithelially, and in the alveolar space of growing cats. Secondary septa were flanked by a double capillary network and divided saccules into multiple shallow alveoli. Septation was irregular and time dependent and not completed by day 231 of postnatal life. Elastic fibers accumulated at the tip of the septa, seemingly playing an important role in alveolar formation. Type II pneumocytes were located at the base of the secondary septa in growing cats, thus strengthening secondary septa to withstand the stresses of respiration. Pores of Kohn were not observed in growing cats.
Undifferentiated Spermatogonia and their Role in the Seasonally Fluctuating Spermatogenesis in the Mink, Mustela vison
Authors: Tiba T. , Kita I. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThree classes of spermatogonia were discerned: undifferentiated A spermatogonia (Ais, Apr, Aal), differentiated A spermatogonia (A1, A2) and differentiated B spermatogonia (B1, B2). Cell counts performed throughout the seminiferous epithelial cycle in the breeding season revealed that the number of undifferentiated A spermatogonia was lowest in the presence of differentiated A1 and A2 spermatogonia during stages I–II to III–IV. In the non‐breeding season a highly significant increase in the number of undifferentiated spermatogonia occurred in an animal with moderate germ cell loss exclusively at stages I–II to III–IV, when the Ai and A2 spermatogonia degenerated. In three other animals involved in severe cell loss, enhanced proliferation of undifferentiated spermatogonia was much greater than in the animal mentioned above. These results suggest the presence of a feedback mechanism between undifferentiated and differentiated spermatogonia, which may be considered to play an important role in regulating seasonal changes in spermatogonial proliferation.
Cell Types in the Main Excretory Duct of the Submaxillary Gland of the Rat
Authors: Marfn M. S. Gutierrez , Davidson H. Galera , Sanz J. Fernandez , Ocana M. E. Dorado 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis work is an ultrastructural study of the cells of the excretory duct epithelium of the submaxillary gland of the rat. This epithelium undergoes progressive loss of cytoplasm which leads to the presence of three distinct types of cell.
Tissue Expansion in Pig Skin – A Histochemical Approach
Authors: Wollina U. , Berger U. , Stolle Christine , Stolle H. , Schubert H. , Zieger M. , Hipler Christina , Schumann D. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn the present study, a porcine model for controlled skin expansion was investigated to improve our understanding of epidermal and vascular responses following stretching. The model is of outstanding importance not only for the clinical use of tissue expansion but provides interesting data for skin physiology and oncology, too.Thirteen out of 15 animals, who underwent silicone tissue expander implantation showed good clinical results. In all of them, skin biopsies were taken at the end of a controlled tissue expansion procedure (final expander volumes 350 or 500 ccm): one tissue specimen was obtained from the centre of the expanded skin area and a second from the neighbouring but nonexpanded skin. The tissue specimens were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and processed to 4 urn thick acetone‐fixed frozen sections. Lectin histochemistry and immunohistology were performed using the following techniques: direct and indirect immunofluorescence technique (DIPT, IIFT), immunoperoxidase technique (POX) with either 3,3'‐diamino‐benzidine (DAB) or 3‐amino‐9‐ethyl‐carbazole (AEC). The histochemical findings were supplemented by measurements of the number of vital epidermal cell layers, the epidermal thickness (um), and the papillary vascular count per visual field.There was a significant diminuation of the vascular count (mean ± S. D. = 55.0%± 12.5%; U‐test: p< 5%). By immunohistochemistry, a loss of the basal cell reactivity for the following antibodies was noted: ACAM (against calmodulin), K.8.12 (against keratins 13 + 16) and A51‐B/H4 (against keratins 8, 14, 18). There was a remarkable increase of filaggrin expression in the uppermost spinal cell layers in expanded skin, which was most pronounced in those specimens with the shortest interval to the last fluid injection into the expander. We gained no evidence for alterations of the expression of suprabasal epidermal keratins, lectin binding sites (UEA I, PNA, ConA, WGA), and vascular lectin‐ and immunoreactivity due to tissue expansion. The subdermal capsule, which had formed around the silicone expander, was strongly vimentin‐reactive.In conclusion, controlled tissue expansion is capable to change the basal cell phenotype –a feature which is shared with a number of conditions with increased proliferative activity and with the epidermis covering different skin tumours. The regular expression of suprabasal keratins and epidermal lectin binding sites provides evidence for a normal epidermal cell differentiation. Furthermore, the porcine skin is a reliable model for studying physiology and pathophysiology of human skin.
Die Altersbeurteilung beim weiblichen Steinwild (Capra ibex ibex L.) anhand der Skelettentwicklung*
Authors: Habermehl Karl‐Heinz 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAge Determination of Female Capra ibex ibex by Skeletal DevelopmentIn female ibex up to an age of six years, a sufficiently accurate age determination can be made based on the degree of skeletal ossification and length of the bones (s. Table 2). Definitive ossification of the epiphyseal discs with the body of the vertebrae in the female ibex is not complete at end of the growth period. Observations with regard to sex‐related dimorphism of the skeleton will not be possible until corresponding investigations have been carried out on the buck.
über die biologische Wertigkeit der Bewegungen in den Radioulnargelenken bei Katze und Hund*
Authors: Roos Heide , Brugger Sylva , Rauscher Thomas 
Published: June 2007

SummaryOn the biological valence of the motions in the radioulnar joints of the cat and dogWhereas Kolwe described and measured pronation and supination in the cat as early as 1920, the present study deals with rotation of the lower limb of the cat and dog from both comparative and functional aspects. Active supination predominates in cats during climbing and the capture of prey; in the canine passive supination and rotation of the lower limb are used in conjunction with directional changes involved in the chase. The difference in the extent of inward rotation between long‐ and short‐legged breeds of dogs underscores this hypothesis.
Morphometric Studies on Hearts and Coronary Arteries of the Fetal and Adult Oxen
Authors: Ocal M. K. , Cakir A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryQuantitative investigations were performed on hearts and coronary arteries of 10 fetal and 7 adult oxen. Relative heart weights were 0.42 % in adults and 0.80 % in fetuses. An interesting observation was that left coronary artery predominated by a ratio of 2.55 in adults and 1.41 in fetuses although the percentage of left ventricular weight was similar in both adults and fetuses. Linear regressions were also determined between ventricular weights and coronary arterial diameters.
Veränderungen der Muskelfasertypenverteilung im M. longissimus dorsi von Ebern während des Wachstums, dargestellt mit verschiedenen histochemischen Methoden
Authors: Wegner J. , Fiedler Ilse , Klosowska Danuta , Klosowski B. , Ziegan Brigitte 
Published: June 2007

SummaryChanges in the distribution of muscle‐fiber‐types from the M. longissimus dorsi of male pigs. A Histochemical ApproachSamples of the M. longissimus dorsi from growing up pigs were taken by a shooting‐biopsy. The types of muscle‐fibers could be demonstrated by two different histochemical staining procedures. With these two histochemical staining procedures significant differences between the different structure of the muscle‐fibers during increasing age of the pigs could be detected.
Ultrastructural Changes in Nervous Elements associated with the Granular Cells of the Common Carotid Artery of the Domestic Fowl after Distal Vagal Ganglionectomy
Authors: Abdel‐Magied E. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIntramural granular cells of the left and right common carotid artery of the domestic fowl were examined with the electron microscope after left distal vagal ganglionectomy. The vast majority of the nerve fibers and endings associated with the granular cells of the left common carotid artery degenerated rapidly after ispilateral ganglionectomy, indicating that they are derived from the left vagus. On the other hand, left distal vagal ganglionectomy resulted in transformation of the intramural granular cells of the right common carotid artery and the few nervous elements associated with them, into a typical chemoreceptor tissue. This tissue was made up of small granule (60 ‐120 nm) containing cells associated with many nerve fibers, nerve endings and fenestrated capillaries. The nerve endings were of two types; presumptive afferent endings and adrenergic efferent endings. Both types of endings made synaptic junctions with the granular cells.
Branching Mode of the Middle Rectal Artery from the Prostatic Artery in the Dog
Authors: Wakui S. , Matsuda M. , Furusato M. , Kano Y. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe branching mode of the middle rectal artery from the prostatic artery was studied by gross dissection in 50 male dogs. The prostatic artery arose at the level of the lst‐3rd sacral vertebra from the internal pudendal artery, and gave off the ductus deferential and the middle rectal arteries, and supplied the prostate. The middle rectal artery ran caudally along the pelvic peritoneum, and supplied the rectum ampulla. The branching mode of the middle rectal artery could be classified into four types. Nineteen cases on the right side and 22 cases on the left side showed that the middle rectal artery was a first visceral branch of the prostatic artery. Fifteen cases on the right side and 11 cases on the left side showed that it was a second visceral branch of the prostatic artery which gave off the ductus deferential artery as its first visceral branch. Nine cases on the right side and 7 cases on the left side showed that it arose at the prostatic artery ramifying at the surface of the prostate. Seven cases on the right side and 10 cases on the left side showed that it arose at the urethral branch of the prostatic artery.
Die laterokranialen Faszienstrukturen am Ober‐ und Unterarm sowie Unterschiede im Ansatz des M. biceps brachii bei Haussäugetieren
Authors: Künzel W. , Forstenpointner G. , Skolek‐Winnisch Rita 
Published: June 2007

SummaryStructures of the laterocranial Fascia in the Upper‐ and Forearms of Domestic Mammals, including Differences in the Aponeuroses of the M. biceps brachiiThe laterocranial fascia of the upper arm and forearm, as well as aponeurotic relationships of the Musculus biceps brachii were investigated on each of ten forelimbs from horses, cattle and swine. Ten canine biceps were also investigated. Equine and bovine fascia contain elastic components. An as‐yet undescribed ligament‐like aponeuroses of the laterocranial forearm fascia to the Fossa radialis humeri was seen in all three species studied. The laterocraniale fascia of the upper and forearm form a common passage for the Musculi hrachialis et extensor carpi radialis. In the case of the horse, the ulnar aponeurotic tendon of the biceps muscle crosses below the Ligamentum collaterale cubiti medialis. In cattle, on the other hand, it runs between the two branches of the collateral ligament, to attach on the olecranon. This portion of the equine tendon protrudes into the joint. It has connective tissue character in young animals, but becomes fibrocartilaginous in older horses. The radial aponeuroses of the canine biceps exhibits two branches. A situation similar to that seen for the ulnar aponeuroses of the equine Musculus biceps brachii is observed on the inside surface of the porcine Ligamentum cubiti mediate, in which a wedge of connective tissue protrudes into the joint, taking on fibrocartilaginous character in older animals.
Histochemical Identification of the Striated Muscle of the Canine Esophagus
Authors: Hudson L. C. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryHistochemistry on the cervical, thoracic, and abdominal esophageal muscle of immature, young, and adult normal dogs revealed type IIA striated musculature in contrast to some other species. No other types or subtypes were observed. This suggests that esophageal muscle type is established at birth and does not vary or that any variation has been completed by 4 weeks‐of‐age unlike some canine limb musculature.
An Additional Bone in the Carpal Region of Raptorial Birds
Authors: Smith B.J. , Smith S. A. , Holladay S.D. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn a series of 4 species of owls and 12 species of diurnal raptors, an additional bone was present bilaterally in the area of the carpus. Designating the bone as an “additional bone of the raptorial carpal region” is suggested pending appropriate embryological studies to determine the origin of the bone. Generally, the bone was present in owls and in diurnal raptors with relatively short, rounded wings, but was absent in species with longer, more tapered wings. The bone lies at the cranial edge of the carpal area near the radial carpal bone, and is fixed to the surrounding skeleton by ligaments. The tendon of the tensor patagium longus muscle has one slip that attaches to the additional bone and another that passes over its craniodorsal surface en route to insertion. Awareness of the occurrence of this bone in some raptors, but not others, is essential in clinical evaluation of wing injuries, as well as in forming a prognosis for the return to soundness, the potential for release, and, therefore, the life of an injured raptor.
Anatomía del Desarrollo del Tracto Digestivo y Forma Corporal Externa Durante el Período Embrionario en el Caprino (Copra hircus)
Authors: Molinari E. , Goicoechea O. 
Published: June 2007

Summary Anatomy of the digestive tract and external body development during the embryonic stages of the caprine (Copra, bircus) The purpose of this work has been to establish the pattern of prenatal growth and normal development of the digestive tract and annex glands during goat embryonic stages. 21 embryos with ages ranging from 14 to 34 days (1.69 to 5.90 cm CR) as determined by registering the mating time, were obtained by cesarea. This material was histologically processed to obtain complete serial sections of the stomatodaeum, foregut, midgut, hindgut and cloaca.In this work, it is chronologically described the morphogenesis and histogenesis of the mouth, hypophysis, pharynx and its derivatives, stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas and cloaca. The results obtained establish chronological comparisons with the development of the lamb and gives information on the unitary origin of the gastric compartments in ruminants.
Regularities and Irregularities in the Structure of the Seminiferous Epithelium in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)
Authors: Tiba Tosiro , Yoshida Kazuyuki , Miyake Masahito , Tsuchiya Kazuo , Kita Isao , Tsubota Toshio 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA cellular association demarcated by two perpendiculars which were drawn between adjacent bundles of elongate spermatids from the tubular lumen to the basement membrane, was made the unit of histometrical observation in this study (provisionally called a “column”). Cell counting revealed that the average numbers per column of various types of germ cells do not show any significant differences among 5 fowls and between paired testes. The frequency of spermiogenic steps (numbered 1–8) was investigated in each column. A definite and common pattern was found in the frequency distribution in the 5 fowls observed. A relationship between spermiation and younger spermatid steps was also investigated in each column. The spermiation was found at different steps, but most frequently at step 2 (30.6 %). Based on these observations and referring to other author's information, an average time interval between two successive spermiations was calculated roughly at 3.3 ± 1.2 days. Theoretically, this value is equal to an average length of one epithelial cycle. Such a variable cycle may have caused irregular cellular associations in this species.
Etude Morpho‐Structurale des Papilles Linguales chez le Buffle (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Scala G. , Pelagalli G. V. , Vittoria A. , Girolamo P. DE 
Published: June 2007

SummaryMorphostructural characteristics of lingual papillae in buffalosThe morphostructural characteristics of lingual papillae in 30 adult buffalos were studied by SEM. In this species, dorsal lingual surface papillae shos different shape so that their classification is complicated. Topography and morphology of conical and vallate papillae presents significant aspects. Particularly, the conical papillae have a different morphological organization when they are localized over the side of the tongue apex or over dorso‐lateral tract of the tongue body. The functional aspects are discussed.
Anatomical Studies on the Spinal Cord Segments of the Impala
Authors: Rao G. S. , Kalt D. J. , Koch M. , Majok A. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe anatomy of the spinal cord segments was studied and recorded for the impala. The root attachment lengths were greatest at C3, T10 and L3 cord segment levels in the respective regions. As to the root emergence length the greatest lengths were observed at C7, T]0> L5 and S1 cord segment levels respectively. The interroot interval was longest at C2, T8 and L1 segments respectively. The longest cord segments were C2, T13, L2 and S2 segments. The widest cord segments of their respective regions were C7, T1, L5 and S1 cord segments. As to segment volume C3, T13, L2 and S1 were the most voluminous cord segments in the respective cord regions.Statistical analysis revealed a high correlation among all of the study parameters suggesting a high degree of multicolinearity.Gross anatomical relationships concerning the location of the spinal cord segments with respect to the vertebrae were studied. The cord segments C], Ts–T4 and Li–L3 were within their vertebral limits. In the impala the spinal cord terminated at the midlevel of S4 vertebra.
Morphometric Analysis of the Scleral Bony Ring with Different Numbers of Ossicles in the Eye of Coturnix Coturnix Japonica
Authors: Canavese B. , Fazzini U. , Colitti M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe scleral bony ring (s. b. r.) of Coturnix coturnix japonica was examined and evaluated mor‐phometrically in its characteristic formations (scleral ossicles, overlapping sectors). The modal class14–14, the most representative, was compared to others having minor or major numbers of ossicles with complex or simple overlaps in the left and right eyes.It was observed that the ossicles, numbered as in the literature, are ordered in a characteristic manner to form the s. b. r. The ossicle dimensions are different and numbers 4 and 7 are always smaller and larger. The s. b. r. with different numbers of ossicles compared to the model class14–14 (0,0) showed an evident compensatory behaviour in all classes. In fact, when the ossicle number decreased, single ossicle area increased, retaining a constant s. b. r. area.
The Evidence of Carotid Body in the Carotid Rete of the Shiba Goat
Authors: Rerkamnuaychoke W. , Ohsawa K. , Kurohmaru M. , Hayashi Y. , Nishida T. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe carotid body was found in/on the cavernous sinus of the carotid rete of the Japanese miniature Shiba goat by light and electron microscopies. The carotid body‐like aggregated cell group consisted of two types of cells arranged in the lobule. The first type contained membrane‐bound granular vesicles; these cells resembled to the type‐I cells in the carotid body. The second type contained no cytoplasmic vesicles, and were located in the periphery, investing the type‐I cells. These features appear to be consistent with those of the type‐II cells in the carotid body. The nerve ending showed two peculiar features in the intercellular space of type‐I cells. The clear vesicle‐containing nerve ending showed a structural feature indicative of efferent synapsis. The small granular vesicle‐containing nerve ending has been described as a baroreceptor‐like ending by VERNA (1979). All of these features are typical characteristics of the carotid body.
Morphological Study of the Surface Structure of the Omasal Laminae in Cattle, Sheep and Goats
Authors: Yamamoto Y. , Kitamura N. , Yamada J. , Andrén A. , Yamashita T. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe mucosal relief of the omasum in cattle, sheep and goats was examined by the naked eye, stereoscopic microscope and scanning electron microscope. The mucosal relief of the omasum showed wide variations both between and within these species. Omasal papillae on the laminae varied highly in shape, i. e. conical, rounded, claw‐like, wart‐like, finger‐like etc. They decreased gradually in size from the oral to the aboral region of the omasal lamina. Ridge‐like structures and linear arrangements of the papillae were also seen on the omasal laminae of cattle and sheep. Many grooves and folds were found on the lateral surface of the omasal papillae in adult cattle and on the inter‐papillar surface of the laminae of all three species. The mucosal relief of the omasum in cattle seemed to be more well‐developed than those of sheep and goats. Dietary effects on the omasal mucosa were also discussed.