bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Observations of Energy Transport and Dissipation during Plasma Flow Vortex in the Terrestrial Magnetotail
Authors: Wang 王 Wei 卫 , Ma 马 Yuduan 玉端 , Dunlop M. W. , Sun 孙 Tianran 天然 , Rae I. J. , Wei 魏 Xinhua 新华 , Yang 杨 Junying 俊英 , Yang 杨 Youjun 有军 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plasma flow vorticity is ubiquitous in space and plays a key role in material mixing and energy transfer. The five THEMIS satellites orbiting in different regions of the terrestrial magnetotail provide an unprecedented opportunity to study the temporal–spatial evolution characteristics of a plasma flow vortex on large spatial scales. We present an analysis of the flow vorticity that occurred between 05:50 and 06:30 UT on 2009 March 23 during a quiet time of the terrestrial magnetotail. The uneven distributions of the density and temperature of the vortex observed by the three near-Earth satellites (THA, THD, and THE) indicate that the plasma in the solar wind gradually mixed into the near-Earth magnetotail through a series of nonequilibrium processes. Both the flow vortices and dipolarization observed by the three near-Earth satellites were about 10 minutes earlier than those observed by the two satellites (THB and THC) in the mid-magnetotail. Further analysis of the relationship between vorticity, field-aligned current, and energy transport reveals that the flow vortex interacted with the surrounding plasma during its tailward propagation. The field-aligned current related to the vorticity could only generate a pseudo-breakup of the aurora in the ionosphere. Thus, we speculate that this flow vortex mainly transports mass and energy from the solar wind to the near-magnetotail, propagates tailward to the mid-magnetotail, and heats the encountered plasma by dissipating its bulk flow and dominant thermal energy. These results shed light on the mass mixing, energy transport, and dissipation of the plasma flow vortex during quiet levels of geomagnetic activity on large spatial scales.
Comparison of Solar Multifrequency Microwave Data with Other Solar Indices for Understanding Solar and Stellar Microwave Data
Authors: Shimojo Masumi , Namekata Kosuke , Iwai Kazumasa , Asai Ayumi , Watanabe Kyoko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Thermal microwave emissions detected from stellar atmospheres contain information on stellar activity. However, even for the Sun, the relationship between multifrequency microwave data and other activity indices remains unclear. We investigated the relationships among the thermal microwave fluxes with 1, 2, 3.75, and 9.4 GHz, their circular polarizations, and several activity indices recorded during recent solar cycles and observed that these relationships can be categorized into two groups. In the first group, the relationship between the microwave fluxes and solar indices, which are strongly related to the active regions, can be well-fitted by using a linear function. In the second group, the fitting function is dependent on frequency. Specifically, the microwave fluxes at 1 and 2 GHz can be well-fitted to the total unsigned magnetic and extreme ultraviolet fluxes by employing a power-law function. The trend changes around 3.75 GHz, and the trend for the 9.4 GHz fluxes can be fitted by using a linear function. For the first time, we present the relationship between circular polarization and solar indices. Moreover, we extrapolated these relationships of the solar microwave fluxes to higher values and compared them with the solar-type stars. We found that ϵ Eri, whose microwave emission originates from thermal plasma, follows the extrapolated relationship. However, to date, only one star’s emission at 1–10 GHz has been confirmed as thermal emission. More solar-type stars should be observed with future radio interferometers to confirm that relationships based on solar data can be applied to stellar microwave data.
Developing an Automated Detection, Tracking, and Analysis Method for Solar Filaments Observed by CHASE via Machine Learning
Authors: Zheng Z. , Hao Q. , Qiu Y. , Hong J. , Li C. , Ding M. D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Studies on the dynamics of solar filaments have significant implications for understanding their formation, evolution, and eruption, which are of great importance for space weather warning and forecasting. The Hα Imaging Spectrograph (HIS) on board the recently launched Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) can provide full-disk solar Hα spectroscopic observations, which bring us an opportunity to systematically explore and analyze the plasma dynamics of filaments. The dramatically increased observation data require automated processing and analysis, which are impossible if dealt with manually. In this paper, we utilize the U-Net model to identify filaments and implement the Channel and Spatial Reliability Tracking algorithm for automated filament tracking. In addition, we use the cloud model to invert the line-of-sight velocity of filaments and employ the graph theory algorithm to extract the filament spine, which can advance our understanding of the dynamics of filaments. The favorable test performance confirms the validity of our method, which will be implemented in the following statistical analyses of filament features and dynamics of CHASE/HIS observations.
Shell-type Tidal Features Are More Frequently Detected in Slowly Rotating Early-type Galaxies than Stream- and Tail-type Features
Authors: Yoon Yongmin , Ko Jongwan , Chung Haeun , Byun Woowon , Chun Kyungwon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To enhance our understanding of the impact of galaxy mergers on the kinematics of early-type galaxies (ETGs), we examine differences in specific stellar angular momentum within the half-light radius (

λ

R

e

) among ETGs with different types of tidal features and those without such features. This is accomplished by categorizing tidal features, which serve as direct evidence of recent mergers, into shells, streams, and tails, through deep images from the DESI Legacy Survey, and by using MaNGA data for the analysis of the kinematics of 1244 ETGs at z < 0.055. We find that ETGs with tidal features typically have reduced

λ

R

e

values that are lower by 0.12 dex than ETGs without tidal features. ETGs with shells contribute most to the reduction in

λ

R

e

. Consequently, nearly half of ETGs with shells are classified as slow rotators, a fraction that is more than twice as high as that of ETGs with tails or streams, and over three times higher than that of ETGs without tidal features. These trends generally remain valid even when ETGs are divided into several mass bins. Our findings support the idea that radial mergers, which are more effective at reducing

λ

R

e

than circular mergers, are more closely associated with the formation of shells rather than streams or tails. The detection of shells in slightly more massive ETGs compared to streams and tails may be attributed to the fact that massive satellite galaxies are more likely to be accreted through radial orbits, due to the nature of dynamical friction.
AspGap: Augmented Stellar Parameters and Abundances for 37 Million Red Giant Branch Stars from Gaia XP Low-resolution Spectra
Authors: Li 李 Jiadong 佳东 , Wong Kaze W. K. , Hogg David W. , Rix Hans-Walter , Chandra Vedant 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present AspGap, a new approach to inferring stellar labels from the low-resolution Gaia XP spectra, including precise [α/M] estimates—the first time these are obtained by such an approach. AspGap is a neural-network-based regression model trained on APOGEE spectra. In the training step, AspGap learns to use not only XP spectra to predict stellar labels but also the high-resolution APOGEE spectra that lead to the same stellar labels. The inclusion of this last model component—dubbed the hallucinator—creates a more physically motivated mapping and significantly improves the prediction of stellar labels in the validation, particularly that of [α/M]. For giant stars, we find cross-validated rms accuracies for T
eff, log g, [M/H], and [α/M] of ∼1%, 0.12 dex, 0.07 dex, and 0.03 dex, respectively. We also validate our labels through comparison with external data sets and through a range of astrophysical tests that demonstrate that we are indeed determining [α/M] from the XP spectra, rather than just inferring it indirectly from correlations with other labels. We publicly release the AspGap codebase, along with our stellar parameter catalog for all giants observed by Gaia XP. AspGap enables the discovery of new insights into the formation and chemodynamics of our Galaxy by providing precise [α/M] estimates for 37 million giant stars, including 14 million with radial velocities from Gaia.
Dettes et santé mentale : perspective de genre
Authors: Henchoz Caroline , Wernli Boris , Coste Tristan 
Published: April 2024

L’effet des dettes sur la santé demeure peu étudié et la perspective de genre est rarement mobilisée. Cet article vise à mieux saisir l’effet genré des arriérés de paiement – un type de dettes particulièrement problématique et prévalent – sur la santé mentale des femmes et des hommes en testant différentes hypothèses explicatives. En nous appuyant sur les données du Panel suisse de ménages, nous montrons que les femmes endettées ont la santé mentale la plus faible mais que la survenue d’un arriéré ne les impacte pas davantage que les hommes. Toutefois, certains sous-groupes de femmes sont plus affectés. En ce sens, l’effet genré des dettes sur la santé mentale est plus lié à un cumul d’inégalités sociales qu’à l’existence de dispositions genrées vis-à-vis de l’endettement, ce qui souligne l’intérêt de l’approche intersectionnelle.
TLR Engagement Induces an Alternate Pathway for BCR Signaling that Results in PKCδ Phosphorylation
Authors: Khan Naeem , Hu Yongmei , Lowell Clifford A , Rothstein Thomas L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recently, we reported that preexposure of B cells to IL-4 induced an alternate, signalosome-independent BCR signaling pathway leading to protein kinase C (PKC)δ phosphorylation (pTyr311), which occurs in the membrane compartment. This is considered to represent a form of receptor crosstalk and signal integration. Unlike the classical BCR signaling pathway, Lyn kinase is indispensable for BCR-induced downstream events in the alternate pathway. Our previous report that alternate BCR signaling leading to ERK phosphorylation is triggered by LPS and PAM3CSK4 (much like IL-4) raises the possibility that other signaling outcomes such as PKCδ phosphorylation might be similarly affected. To explore the range of mediators capable of producing an alternate pathway for BCR signaling, we examined PKCδ translocation and phosphorylation in LPS- and PAM3CSK4-treated B cells stimulated by anti-Ig. We found that LPS and PAM3CSK4 alter the signaling pathway used by the BCR to produce PKCδ phosphorylation. As with IL-4, elements of the signalosome are not needed for PKCδ phosphorylation when BCR triggering occurs after LPS and PAM3CSK4. However, with LPS and PAM3CSK4, anti-Ig–induced phosphorylation of PKCδ takes place in the cytosol, in contrast to the IL-4–induced alternate pathway, wherein PKCδ phosphorylation occurs in the membrane. Furthermore, the BCR signaling pathway induced by LPS and PAM3CSK4 differs from that induced by IL-4 by not requiring Lyn. Thus, an alternate, signalosome-independent BCR signaling pathway for PKCδ phosphorylation is induced by TLR agonists but differs in important ways from the alternate pathway induced by IL-4.
Comparison of Limb Loading Characteristics and Subjective Functional Outcomes Between Sexes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Bruce Leicht Amelia S. , Thompson Xavier D. , Queen Robin M. , Rodu Jordan , Higgins Michael J. , Cross Kevin M. , Werner Brian C. , Resch Jacob E. , Hart Joe M. 
Published: April 2024

Context
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) patients commonly adopt poor movement patterns that potentially place them at an increased risk for reinjury if untreated. Limb loading characteristics during functional tasks can highlight movement compensations.

Objective
To examine loading symmetry during a bilateral bodyweight squatting task between sexes, compare loading metrics between limbs and sexes, and describe the relationship between loading metrics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after ACLR.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
One hundred forty-two patients (71 male, 71 female, age = 24.4 ± 11.10 years) with a primary, unilateral, uncomplicated ACLR completed a squatting assessment and PRO measures at approximately 5.2 months post-ACLR.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Normalized limb loading peak force (N/kg) and unilateral cumulative load (%) were collected bilaterally during the squatting task. Limb symmetry index (%) was calculated for normalized peak force. First, we compared limb loading symmetry (%) between sexes using an independent-samples t test. Second, we assessed differences in limb loading metrics between limbs and sexes via an analysis of covariance. Third, we used Spearman ρ correlations to determine the relationship between limb loading metrics and PROs.

Results
The majority of individuals (91 of 142, 64.1%) offloaded their ACLR limb (ACLR = 6.6 ± 1.56 N/kg, contralateral = 7.3 ± 1.61 N/kg, P &lt; .001). Females significantly offloaded their ACLR limb (ACLR = 6.3 ± 1.38 N/kg, contralateral = 7.2 ± 1.62 N/kg, P &lt; .001) whereas males did not significantly offload their ACLR limb (ACLR = 6.98 ± 1.65 N/kg, contralateral = 7.4 ± 1.60 N/kg, P = .07). Weak relationships were observed (Ρ value range: −.23 to .19) across limb loading metrics and PROs.

Conclusions
Individuals approximately 5 months after ACLR, on average, offloaded their ACLR limb compared with the contralateral limb. Patients’ tendency to offload their weight during a squat was influenced by sex. Relationships between limb loading metrics and PROs indicate patients who load their limbs disproportionately have a lower perception of their capability to complete activities of daily living and lower subjective knee function.
Quantencomputing: Disruptive Technologie bald in der Labormedizin?
Authors: Lorenz Jeanette Miriam 
Published: April 2024

Quantencomputing ist in aller Munde und wird als disruptive Technologie mit Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in den verschiedensten Bereichen beschrieben. Seine Nutzung verspricht z. B. den Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz in Situationen mit wenig Trainingsdaten. Doch wie ist die Technologie tatsächlich zu bewerten, was wären mögliche Einsatzgebiete in der Labormedizin und welche Schritte müssen bis zum Einsatz in der Praxis gegangen werden?
On the role of digital platforms in business development
Authors: Ахматов М.М. , Кушхов Х.Л. 
Published: April 2024

В статье анализируется роль цифровых платформ в развитии бизнеса. Ценность цифровых платформ для бизнеса определяется их функциональностью и техническими характеристиками. К основным их свойствам можно отнести масштабируемость и гибкость. Применение цифровых платформ дает следующие преимущества: возможность продавать свои товары в любой точке земного шара, не открывая филиалы магазина; доступность для клиента; снижение затрат на издержки; возможность быстро проводить аналитику, корректировки и создавать отчетность; быстрая коммуникация; качественный маркетинг; возможность автоматизировать процессы. Делается вывод, что цифровые платформы нужны бизнесу для того, чтобы лучше балансировать в рыночных отношениях, привлекать клиентов, ориентироваться на их нужды и повышать эффективность своей работы. Однако использование таких платформ не лишает бизнес возможных рисков.
The article analyzes the role of digital platforms in business development. The value of digital platforms for business is determined by their functionality and technical characteristics. Their main properties include scalability and flexibility. The use of digital platforms provides the following advantages: the ability to sell your products anywhere in the world without opening branches of the store; accessibility for the customer; cost reduction; the ability to quickly conduct analytics, adjustments and create reports; fast communication; high-quality marketing; the ability to automate processes. It is concluded that digital platforms are needed by businesses in order to better balance market relations, attract customers, focus on their needs and improve the efficiency of their work. However, the use of such platforms does not deprive the business of possible risks.
The impact of the development of regional digital technologies on the incomes of the population
Authors: Грачев С.А. 
Published: April 2024

Целью работы является изучение взаимосвязи развития цифровых технологий и уровня финансового благополучия населения регионов. Использованы методы регрессионного анализа. Выполнено моделирование взаимодействия параметров регионального цифрового развития (число активных абонентов широкополосного Интернета) и финансового благополучия населения территорий (размер средней начисленной заработной платы и медианный доход населения). Сформированные модели доказывают наличие прямой связи между изучаемыми параметрами и позволяют предположить, что цифровизация положительно влияет на уровень благополучия населения. Дальнейшее развитие цифровых технологий и массовое внедрение их в экономику и социум будут способствовать росту финансового благосостояния населения. Развитие данной тематики в будущем видится в изучении влияния цифровизации на уровень жизни населения на уровне отдельных регионов.
The purpose of the work is to study the relationship between the development of digital technologies and the level of financial well-being of the population of the regions. Regression analysis methods were used. The simulation of the interaction of the parameters of regional digital development (the number of active broadband Internet subscribers) and the financial well-being of the population of the territories (the size of the average accrued salary and the median income of the population) was performed. The formed models prove the existence of a direct connection between the studied parameters and suggest that digitalization has a positive effect on the level of well-being of the population. The further development of digital technologies and their mass introduction into the economy and society will contribute to the growth of the financial well-being of the population. The development of this topic in the future is seen in the study of the impact of digitalization on the standard of living of the population at the level of individual regions.
Russia’s food security under sanctions pressure
Authors: Дышекова А.А. , Шибзухов З.С. , Иванов З.А. , Шабатуков И.А. , Татаров Т.К. , Шугушхов С.З. 
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения продовольственной безопасности в условиях сложной геополитической ситуации. Отмечается, что Россия заметно нарастила производство продуктов и расширила их ассортимент, продемонстрировала миру, как возможно в короткий срок полностью решить проблему продовольственной безопасности на национальном уровне и из нетто-импортера продовольствия перейти на позицию ведущей мировой агропромышленной державы. Анализируются бурный рост национального агропродовольственного сектора, высокий спрос на российские сельскохозяйственные сырьевые товары и продовольствие в мире, что обеспечивает рост экспорта.
The article discusses the issues of ensuring food security in a difficult geopolitical situation. It is noted that Russia has significantly increased the production of domestic products and expanded their range, demonstrated to the world how it is possible to completely solve the problem of food insecurity at the national level in a short time and move from a net importer of food to the position of the world’s leading agro-industrial power. The article analyzes the rapid growth of the national agri-food sector, high demand for Russian agricultural commodities and Russian food in the world, which ensures export growth.
Technical Sourcebook for Apparel Designers
Authors: Lee Jaeil , Steen Camille 
Published: April 2024

Learn technical design processes and industry standards, such as ASTM and ISO, for apparel production and manufacturing practices. With more than 1,200 images and technical packages for 12 apparel products, the book explains topics like fabric selection, finding seasonal fashion trends, garment construction, and fit evaluation, all so you can cost-effectively meet consumer needs. You’ll learn about product categories including women’s wear, menswear, and knitwear, as well as how to create a cost sheet and manage product data, to help you develop specification sheets and technical packages for specific markets. The 4th edition has been revised to include the use of sustainable materials, entrepreneurship and the job market, buying seasons as affected by the covid-19 pandemic and supply chain, sourcing considerations, sizing and fit tips for diverse body types, and more.
New to this Edition
• Includes new information on sustainability and sourcing
• Discusses changes in buying seasons as affected by the covid-19 pandemic
• Delves into the job market, job roles, and entrepreneurship
• Updated to include sizing and fit tips for diverse body types
STUDIO Features Include
• Study smarter with self-quizzes featuring scored results and personalized study tips
• Review concepts with flashcards of terms and definitions
Instructor Resources
• Instructor’s Guide to help integrate the text into your classroom
• PowerPoint Slides for every chapter
Hubungan Antara Gaya Belajar dan Efikasi Diri dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Rahmawati Rahim  , Nurul Fadhilah  
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gaya belajar dan efikasi diri dengan hasil belajar biologi siswa di SMAN 9 Pangkep. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian ex-post facto dengan sampel sebanyak 97 siswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket (kuesioner) dan data hasil belajar biologi siswa. Angket terdiri dari angket gaya belajar dan angket efikasi diri, sementara data hasil belajar merupakan nilai ulangan semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi sederhana dan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara gaya belajar dengan hasil belajar biologi siswa; (2) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara efikasi diri dengan hasil belajar biologi siswa; (3) terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara gaya belajar dan efikasi diri dengan hasil belajar biologi siswa. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa gaya belajar dan efikasi diri merupakan faktor-faktor yang memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa.