bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home care for children dying of cancer
Authors: Martinson Ida M. , Moldow D. Gay , Armstrong Gordon D. , Henry William F. , Nesbit Mark E. , Kersey John H. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe feasibility of home care as an alternative to hospitalization for children dying of cancer was studied. The home care system was defined as nurse‐directed with a consultant physician and did not entail extensive participation by other health professionals. Of 58 children cared for at home during the 2‐year project, 79% died at home and 21% died in the hospital or en route to it. The findings, as shown by interview data, suggest that home care at the end stage of life is a viable alternative for children dying of cancer and for their families.
Development of a health conception scale
Authors: Laffrey Shirley Cloutier 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDescribed in this paper are the development, reliability, and validity of an instrument, the Laffrey Health Conception Scale to measure individual perceptions of the meaning of health. The instrument measures four dimensions of health conception: clinical, functional/role performance, adaptive, and eudaimonistic. A score is obtained for each dimension as well as a total score for the four dimensions. The high levels of reliability and validity in preliminary testing indicate that the instrument warrants further development and use with different populations.
Self‐care attitude changes of nursing students enrolled in a self‐care curriculum—A longitudinal study
Authors: Hartweg Donna L. , Metcalfe Sharie A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this 3‐year longitudina study was to determine if nursing students' self‐care attitudes change after being socallized through a curriculum based on Orem's Self‐Care Deficit Theory. The sample cons sted of 40 baccalaureate nursing students and 71 general university students who served as a control group. Pretest‐posttest design was used employing the Linn‐Lewis Self‐Care Attitude Scale. On initial testing, nursing students had more positive attitudes toward self‐care than the general university students, but the results were not significant. At the completion of the nursing curriculum, analysis of covariance on posttest mean scores indicated nursing students had significantly higher self‐care scores (p < .001).
Disabling back injuries among nursing personnel: Research needs justification
Authors: Jensen Roger C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe need for more research on the problem of work‐related back injuries among nursing personnel is documented by two comparisons based on the ratio of back injury workers' compensation claims to eligible employees. The first analysis of occupations across industries indicated that nursing aides, licensed practical nurses, and registered nurses all had high back injury ratios compared to other occupations. The second analysis of occupations within four parts of the health care industry indicated that aides in nursing and personal care facilities had the greatest problem with disabling back disorders. The article concludes with a list of research needs and suggested research methodologies.
Mothers' problem‐solving skill and use of help with infant‐related issues: The role of importance and need for action
Authors: Pridham Karen F. , Chang Audrey S. , Hansen Marc F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractExamination was made of the relationship of mothers' appraisal of the importance of and need for action around infant‐related issues to maternal experience (parity and time since birth), use of help, and perceived problem‐solving competence. Sixty‐two mothers (38 primiparae and 24 multiparae) kept for 90 days post‐birth a daily log of issues, rated for importance and for need for action, and of help used. Mothers also reported perceived problem‐solving competence on an 11‐item scale. Findings indicated tentativeness in ratings of importance and action. Ratings of importance were associated with action ratings, except for temperament issues. Action ratings for baby care and illness issues decreased significantly with time. Otherwise, maternal experience had no effect on ratings. More of the variance in perceived competence than use of help was explained by action and importance ratings.
Quality and quantity of social support as correlates of psychosomatic symptoms in mothers with young children
Authors: Hall Lynne A. , Schaefer Earl S. , Greenberg Raymond S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAssociations between psychosomatic symptoms and two measures of social support, the quantity of social ties and the quality of primary intimate relationships, were investigated. The sample consisted of 214 predominantly low‐income mothers of young children. The quality of relationships with family members was inversely associated with psychosomatic symptoms, whereas the quality of husband and boyfriend relationships was not. In contrast, the quantity of social ties was inversely related to psychosomatic symptoms among all the women. The quantity of social ties, the quality of relationships as modified by type of intimate, and the baseline level of symptoms measured five years earlier were significant predictors of psychosomatic symptoms among this sample of women.
Perception of daily stress and oral coping behaviors in normal, overweight, and recovering alcoholic women
Authors: Rosenfield Sharon N. , Stevenson Joanne S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOne method of coping with perceived stress is the use of oral behaviors (e.g., eating, drinking, smoking). This study addressed the influence of perceived daily stress level (day rated as pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant) on oral behaviors in three groups of women, aged 25 to 45. Subjects included 37 female normal alcohol users of normal weight, 23 recovering alcoholics of normal weight, and 37 normal alcohol users who were 25% to 100% overweight. The normals responded to daily stress levels by changing their oral behaviors in predictable and consistent ways. On unpleasant days, the normals and the recovering alcoholic women ate more sweet, starchy, and salty/spicy foods. The overweight women ate more food, especially salty/spicy and sweet foods regardless of the type of day. The alcoholic women desired alcohol and smoked more than the other two groups all the time. Hence, the alcoholics and overweight women desired to or engaged in their habituated oral behaviors regardless of fluctuating daily stress levels.
Reasons for nonparticipation in continuing nursing education
Authors: Duquette Andra , Painchaud Gisgle , Blais Jean‐Guy 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions underlying the reasons given by nurses for not participating in continuing education activities. Data were collected through a 50‐item questionnaire mailed to a stratified random sample of nurses who had not completed any credit course since entering practice. Application of exploratory factor analytic procedures revealed eight conceptually interpretable dimensions. Results indicate that nonparticipant nurses were influenced primarily by attitudinal (e.g. lack of perceived need) and situational variables (e.g. time constraints due to work) rather than by those associated with continuing education sponsors.
Sex role stereotyping and role strain of male registered nurses
Authors: Egeland James W. , Brown Julia S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBecause of sex role stereotypes, certain occupations are considered appropriate for only one sex and elicit role strain in members of the opposite sex. The role strain of males in nursing, a predominantly female profession, is described in this article. A Role Strain instrument developed by the investigators was administered through mail questionnaires to 367 randomly selected male RNs in Oregon. As a group, these men: (a) experienced only mild role strain in contacts with community members, co‐workers, and patients; (b) received support on their career choices from their families; and (c) considered inadequate pay a major source of strain in their work. Several explanations are offered for the general lack of severe role strain among these male nurses.
Role integration and health among female clerical workers
Authors: Meleis Afaf I. , Norbeck Jane S. , Laffrey Shirley C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe effects of role identity (occupancy and involvement), sex‐role orientation, and role integration on perceived health status and psychological symptoms of women in multiple roles were examined. The sample was comprised of 87 female clerical workers who were mothers with one or more children living at home. The mean age was 37; 47% were married; 44% were black, 24% Caucasian, 15% Asian, and 17% Hispanic. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to determine the significant predictors of perceived health status and psychological symptoms. Role involvement and role integration accounted for 24% of the variance in perceived health. Income and role integration accounted for 29% of the variance in psychological symptoms.
Women's use of information regarding hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Rother Marilyn , Rovner David , Holmes Margaret , Schmitt Neal , Talarczyk Geraldine , Kroll Jill , Gogate Jagadish 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFor perimenopausal women, an important decision is whether or not to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The decision is complex because HRT involves judgment in weighing gains and losses related to physiological risk. Gains involve relief of hot flashes and prevention of osteoporosis; losses include cancer mortality and side effects of medication. A policy‐capturing study of 283 perimenopausal women showed that the factor of most frequent concern was relief of hot flashes. Cluster analyses identified four major groups. Group 4 had an n of 9 and the lowest R2, making interpretation of data questionable. The largest group responded to hot flashes alone; the second to hot flashes and osteoporosis; and the third to hot flashes, somewhat to osteoporosis, but also to side effects of estrogen/progestin therapy. Results indicate nursing interventions should anticipate differences in women's concerns and tailor counseling appropriately.
One dose or two? The use of polymers in drug delivery
Authors: Upton Clare E , Kelly Catherine A , Shakesheff Kevin M , Howdle Steven M 
Published: April 2007

AbstractControlled‐release delivery systems are designed to prolong the release of drugs within the body. They consist of drug molecules encapsulated within biodegradable polymers which degrade safely into small, non‐toxic fragments, resulting in the release of the drug. Because different polymers have different degradation times, the system can be tailored to achieve the desired release rate and this can be very useful in treatments where daily dosing is required, such as epilepsy. Despite this obvious advantage, there are problems with this type of delivery, including an increased risk of overdosing. This article examines the pros and cons of controlled‐release drug‐delivery systems. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Designing bistable [2]rotaxanes for molecular electronic devices
Authors: Dichtel William R , Heath James R , Fraser Stoddart J 
Published: April 2007

The development of molecular electronic components has been accelerated by the promise of increased circuit densities and reduced power consumption. Bistable rotaxanes have been assembled into nanowire crossbar devices, where they may be switched between low- and high-conductivity states, forming the basis for a molecular memory. These memory devices have been scaled to densities of 10
11
bits cm
−2
, the 2020 node for memory of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. Investigations of the kinetics and thermodynamics associated with the electromechanical switching processes of several bistable [2]rotaxane derivatives in solution, self-assembled monolayers on gold, polymer electrolyte gels and in molecular switch tunnel junction devices are consistent with a single, universal switching mechanism whose speed is dependent largely on the environment, as well as on the structure of the switching molecule. X-ray reflectometry studies of the bistable rotaxanes assembled into Langmuir monolayers also lend support to an oxidatively driven mechanical switching process. Structural information obtained from Fourier transform reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy of rotaxane monolayers taken before and after evaporation of a Ti top electrode confirmed that the functionality responsible for switching is not affected by the metal deposition process. All the considerable experimental data, taken together with detailed computational work, support the hypothesis that the tunnelling current hysteresis, which forms the basis of memory operation, is a direct result of the electromechanical switching of the bistable rotaxanes.
The compleat librarian
Authors: Irwin Raymond 
Published: April 2007

PurposeAims to guide the young librarian and to compensate for his incompleatness.Design/methodology/approachThe article, offering the author's views, was originally published in Library Review in 1931.FindingsAsserts that the compleat librarian finds himself falling into what some may consider the cardinal sin of the age. In attempting to be a specialist in all things, he succeeds in being a specialist in nothing. Granting that wide horizons and mental agility are necessary elements in the qualifications of the good librarian, provides guidance on how best to set about obtaining them.Originality/valueThe article provides information of a historical nature, of value to present‐day information professionals.
Open access webliography
Authors: Ho Adrian K. , Bailey Charles W. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to present a wide range of useful freely available internet resources (e.g. directories, e‐journals, FAQs, mailing lists, and weblogs) that allow the reader to investigate the major aspects of the important open access (OA) movement.Design/methodology/approachThe internet resources included in this webliography were identified during the course of one of the authors writing the Open Access Bibliography: Liberating Scholarly Literature with E‐prints and Open Access Journals. The authors evaluated, selected, categorized, and annotated these resources to construct this webliography, which complements the bibliography.FindingsThe most useful resources have been annotated and organized into webliography sections. For example, the “Starting Points”, “Debates”, and “General Information” sections list resources that orient the reader to OA and the issues involved. The different “Directories (and Guides)” sections alert the reader to useful finding aids on relevant subjects.Originality/valueThis webliography provides easy access to the most relevant internet resources for understanding and practicing OA. It affirms the significance of OA in scholarly communication, and it identifies the key parties involved in and/or contributing to the OA movement.
Re‐examining the future of resource sharing
Authors: Jackson Mary 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to provide an update on matters pertinent to ILDS readers.Design/methodology/approachThis article provides a discursive discussion on the future of resource sharing.FindingsThe future of resource sharing is a topic of at least three separate discussions in Australia and the USA. The business, technological, and organizational environments are changing. National libraries, bibliographic utilities, and informal groups of individuals are exploring the implications of these trends on resource sharing. This column identifies common trends and speculates on the future of resource sharing.Originality/valueThis article provides insights into matters of importance to ILDS readers from an experienced figure in the US interlending and document supply scene.
The perfect market – and strategies to survive it
Authors: Bergquist Scott C. 
Published: April 2007

PurposeTaken individually, powerful storms of change such as globalization, the democratization of governments and economies, and the mass digitization of information and commerce, each provide established companies with unique opportunities and emerging threats. However as these storms continue to mature and coalesce, something even more with more impact may be happening. This article considers the emergence of a “perfect market” and provides guidance to established companies as markets move toward perfection.Design/methodology/approachThe article defines what is meant by a perfect market. Each of the three storms of change – digitization, democratization, and globalization – and their effects are examined separately. The emerging factors of the perfect market are described, and leading, differentiating strategies are presented that will help companies not only survive, but also thrive as markets become perfect. Supporting data, references and examples are provided.FindingsFaced with the emergence of the perfect market, firm structures such as deep‐rooted organizations and inflexible operating models will be quickly toppled. Inertia caused by complacency, resistance to change and sheer size will be like anchors on sinking ships. Unbreakable supply chains and alliances will be like tethers. The perfect market will demand fluidity and agility, the ability to scale up or down in response to changes in demand, and the ability to form and dissolve business relationships at a moment's notice.Originality/valueBy considering the extreme conditions of the hypothetical perfect market, the article provides insight into what strategies may be effective as established companies deal with the powerful storms of change that are very real.
Value relevance of price, earnings and book values in the Athens Stock Exchange
Authors: Papadaki Afroditi , Siougle Georgia 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to deal with the problem of the anomalous negative price‐earnings relation for firms listed in the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE).Design/methodology/approachThe simple earnings capitalization model is employed to investigate the association between price and earnings across profit and loss firms listed in the ASE.FindingsThis study verifies a negative price‐earnings relation for those firms that report losses (loss firms) and a positive price‐earnings relation for those firms that report profits (profit firms).Practical implicationsRegarding the usefulness of financial information to investors, the security price‐earnings relation is proved not to be homogeneous across firms that report losses and firms that report profits.Originality valueThe paper provides evidence on the value relevance of publicly available information in a developing stock exchange which finally achieved its entrance to the world's developed markets.
Time domain deconvolution approach relying on Galois sequences
Authors: Burrascano Pietro , Carpentieri Mario , Pirani Alessandro , Ricci Marco , Tissi Francesco 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThe paper seeks to present a novel pulsed eddy currents (PEC) non‐destructive technique to investigate deep cracks in metallic structures.Design/methodology/approachThe method is based on the time‐domain analysis of the “defect response” and joins the PEC approach with the exploitation of the peculiar auto‐correlation properties of the Galois sequences. The procedure, relying on the deconvolution of Galois sequences, greatly improves the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and thus the operating depth. De‐convolving even short Galois sequences allows one to investigate at depth ranges larger than those allowed by the conventional pulsed excitation techniques.FindingsThe technique has been tested on a benchmark and compared with numerical simulations. The experimental results showed that the SNR and the detection depth range have been significantly improved.Research limitations/implicationsSome limitations of the measuring set up were evidenced requiring a new measuring apparatus if explorations at larger depths are of interest: the 0.1 per cent impedance differences among the four coils in the bridge, although limited by an accurate construction, resulted in a limitation of the measuring system in DSP procedure adopted to null the background signal: different probe configurations must be pursued in order to allow further improvements in the deep defect detection.Originality/valueFor the first time the peculiar Galois sequences excitation was applied in a PEC system. By using these inputs the signal energy was significantly enhanced, allowing one to reconstruct by the deconvolution process the crack signatures.
Elements of a cybernetic epistemology
Authors: Nechansky Helmut 
Published: April 2007

PurposeThis paper analyzes how two (or more) controllers can interact with just one controlled system. This is a basic situation in biology and sociology, but was practically never investigated. Control theory usually investigates only the interaction of one controller with one controlled system, i.e. how a goal‐orientated system can dominate a niche.Design/methodology/approachAll factors determining the behavior of two feedback systems acting upon just one controlled system are analyzed systematically.FindingsThe analysis shows that there are just three possibilities of interaction, i.e. conflict, hierarchy or cooperation. With the well‐known domination of a niche, this gives just four modes of coexistence for goal‐orientated systems. It is shown how these modes of coexistence surface in psychology, group dynamics and politics, but has been studied so far under totally different headings.Practical implicationsRepeated patterns of shifts in power relations can be explained by distinguishing two power cycles. Both lead to hierarchies – either to forcefully end conflict or to peacefully ensure cooperation – which bear in them the source for future conflict. Additionally the investigation allows to identify unsolvable conflicts.Originality/valueThe paper shows how a cybernetic analysis of decision making allows to find a unifying approach to different concepts in psychology, group dynamics and politics. Such it provides elements for a cybernetic epistemology.