bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical pravibismane as adjunctive therapy for moderate or severe diabetic foot infections: A phase 1b randomized, multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Lipsky Benjamin A. , Kim Paul J. , Murphy Brian , McKernan Patricia A. , Armstrong David G. , Baker Brett H. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis Phase 1b study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pravibismane, a novel broad‐spectrum topical anti‐infective, in managing moderate or severe chronic diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) infections. This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter study consisted of 39 individuals undergoing pravibismane treatment and 13 individuals in the placebo group. Assessment of safety parameters included clinical observations of tolerability and pharmacokinetics from whole blood samples. Pravibismane was well‐tolerated and exhibited minimal systemic absorption, as confirmed by blood concentrations that were below the lower limit of quantitation (0.5 ng/mL) or in the low nanomolar range, which is orders of magnitude below the threshold of pharmacological relevance for pravibismane. Pravibismane treated subjects showed approximately 3‐fold decrease in ulcer size compared to the placebo group (85% vs. 30%, p = 0.27). Furthermore, the incidence of ulcer‐related lower limb amputations was approximately 6‐fold lower (2.6%) in the pooled pravibismane group versus 15.4% in the placebo group (p = 0.15). There were no treatment emergent or serious adverse events related to study drug. The initial findings indicate that topical pravibismane was safe and potentially effective treatment for improving recovery from infected chronic ulcers by reducing ulcer size and facilitating wound healing in infected DFUs (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02723539).
Peripheral nerve‐derived Sema3A promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through the Wnt/β‐catenin/Nrp1 positive feedback loop
Authors: Shi Jingcun , Zhang Bingqing , Wu Ziqian , Zhang Yuhan , Gupta Anand , Wang Xudong , Wang Jieyu , Pan Lisha , Xiao Meng , Zhang Shijian , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSensory nerves play a crucial role in maintaining bone homeostasis by releasing Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A). However, the specific mechanism of Sema3A in regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) during bone remodelling remains unclear. The tibial denervation model was used and the denervated tibia exhibited significantly lower mass as compared to sham operated bones. In vitro, BMMSCs cocultured with dorsal root ganglion cells (DRGs) or stimulated by Sema3A could promote osteogenic differentiation through the Wnt/β‐catenin/Nrp1 positive feedback loop, and the enhancement of osteogenic activity could be inhibited by SM345431 (Sema3A‐specific inhibitor). In addition, Sema3A‐stimulated BMMSCs or intravenous injection of Sema3A could promote new bone formation in vivo. To sum up, the coregulation of bone remodelling is due to the ageing of BMMSCs and increased osteoclast activity. Furthermore, the sensory neurotransmitter Sema3A promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs via Wnt/β‐catenin/Nrp1 positive feedback loop, thus promoting osteogenesis in vivo and in vitro.
Combined antibacterial effect of Origanum essential oils and antibiotics against multiresistant foodborne Salmonella isolated from poultry and shellfish in Morocco
Authors: Zahli Rajae , El Baaboua Aicha , Belmehdi Omar , Abrini Jamal , El Maadoudi Mohammed , El Harsal Abdeltif , El Issaoui Kaoutar , Mezzoug Nadia , Senhaji Nadia Skali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study aims to assess the antibacterial activity of endemic Moroccan Origanum essential oils (Origanum elongatum and Origanum compactum) alone and in association with antibiotics against multidrug resistant foodborne Salmonella. The well diffusion and microdilution procedures were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity. The synergistic interactions between antibiotics and EOs were determined using the checkerboard assay. The results of the antibacterial activity indicated that all of Salmonella serovars isolates that were examined were highly inhibited by EOs. This effect was confirmed by the microdilution technique, where 0.125% was noted as the smallest MIC value. Based on the obtained MBC values, O. elongatum shown a bactericidal action against the tested strains as indicated by the acquired MBC values. While O. compactum showed this effect against different serovars of Salmonella isolates. Origanum EOs could be employed as an alternative to the former protocols against resistant infectious diseases.
Effect of different voltages of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma sterilization on the quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during cryopreservation
Authors: Chen Xiaoqiao , Zheng Kailong , Qu Yang , Cao Junhao , Yang Haozheng , Li Xiuxia , Li Xuepeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, the effect of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma at different voltages (60, 70, and 80 kV) on the freshness and quality changes of rainbow trout was investigated. The results showed that the voltage of DBD was negatively and positively correlated with the total viable counts and degree of lipid oxidation, respectively. Based on the magnitudes of TVC and TVB‐N, it was observed that the 70 kV DBD treatment extended the shelf life of fillets by at least 2 days. Furthermore, texture softening due to the extension of storage time was alleviated by the DBD treatment. Under 70 kV DBD treatment, the degree of myofibril fragmentation and the leaching of small molecule peptides were reduced. Microstructure analysis revealed that the DBD treatment delayed the textural deterioration during cryopreservation. Taken together, the shelf life of fillets could be extended by 70 kV DBD treatment, while its freshness and quality could be well maintained.
Susceptibility of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium dry surface biofilms to disinfection
Authors: Duggan Katrina , Shepherd Mark , Maillard Jean‐Yves 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn food preparation and manufacturing environments, surfaces contaminated with Salmonella can lead to outbreaks of Salmonellosis. We hypothesise that Salmonella resides on dry surfaces in a biofilm form leading to potential environmental persistence and transfer following contact. This is the first study reporting that Salmonella Typhimurium can form dry surface biofilm (DSB). Six disinfectants commonly used in the food industry were evaluated for their efficacy against the DSB. The two most efficacious formulations reduced bacterial viability in DSB by >99.99% when combined with mechanical removal (5 sec wiping; 300 g weight). Five out of six formulations significantly reduced bacterial transfer when combined with wiping. Complete eradication of Salmonella Typhimurium DSB was challenging, and mechanical removal was essential to produce a >99.99% reduction in bacterial viability within DSB. This study highlights a potential mode of survival of Salmonella Typhimurium on food‐contact surfaces and DSB challenges for disinfection.
The consequences of sibling criminal legal system contact for family life
Authors: Wakefield Sara , Baker Garrett , Wildeman Christopher 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo consider whether one sibling's criminal legal system contact influences another's material conditions, social support, and mental health and behavioral problems.BackgroundSibling incarceration is both the most common form of familial incarceration in the United States, with more than one in four Americans reporting ever experiencing this event, and highly unequally distributed. Despite how prevalent and unequally distributed sibling criminal legal system contact is, little research considers the consequences of that event for family life. This study seeks to partially fill that gap by testing whether and how a sibling's criminal legal system contact is associated with changes in the material conditions, social support, and wellbeing of caregivers and other children.MethodUsing data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, the authors estimate hierarchical linear models to consider the relationship between sibling criminal legal system contact and three core indicators of familial and child wellbeing: familial (1) social support and (2) material insecurity, and (3) child wellbeing, as indicated by behavioral and mental health problems using validated scales.ResultsSibling criminal legal system contact is associated with a reduction in the wellbeing of other children and contributes to declines in familial social support and material security.ConclusionTaken together, the results suggest that a sibling's criminal legal system contact can disrupt home life for siblings and families alike, highlighting yet another way that mass criminalization may imperil families and children.
Olfactory training improves emotion matching ability in 6–9 years old children — preliminary evidence
Authors: Pieniak Michal , Rokosz Marta , Ivcevic Zorana , Reichert Aleksandra , Żyżelewicz Barbara , Nawrocka Paulina , Lebuda Izabela , Oleszkiewicz Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEmotion knowledge involves the ability to recognize and express emotions and understand emotional processes. The neural substrates of emotion knowledge include i.a. the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. These structures are also involved in processing olfactory stimuli and their volume and functional activity have been shown to increase after a period of regular olfactory stimulation (olfactory training, OT). We verified if OT will improve one aspect of emotion knowledge — the ability to match emotional facial expressions. Eighty‐three children (39 boys) aged 6–9 years were randomly assigned either to an OT group (OTG) that smelled a set of four odors (lemon, cloves, eucalyptus, rose) twice a day for 12 weeks or to a placebo group that performed the training with odorless stimuli. Children in the OTG (n = 40) matched emotional facial expressions significantly better after OT as compared with their baseline score. This effect was not present in the placebo group (n = 43) whose scores remained the same after OT.Practical applicationsThis novel finding suggests the potential of olfactory stimulation in supporting emotion knowledge in children and bridges recent findings in sensory studies, psychophysiology, and emotional development. Further studies are necessary to delineate which aspects of emotion knowledge might be enhanced by OT. In future, OT might be potentially included in programs designed for groups with specific emotion knowledge deficits.
Use of levetiracetam for the successful treatment of suspected myoclonic seizures: five dogs (2016‐2022)
Authors: Linder J. , Mehra J. , Miller S. , Lewis M. J. , Bentley R. T. , Thomovsky S. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesMyoclonic seizures are considered a type of generalised seizure characterised by brief, jerking movements of the body. The aim of this study is to describe cases of suspected canine myoclonic seizure of idiopathic aetiology and to discuss the successful use of the anticonvulsant levetiracetam as treatment in each of these cases.Materials and MethodsDogs with epileptic myoclonus suspected to be idiopathic in aetiology were considered for inclusion. Medical records were reviewed for physical and neurologic examination findings, clinicopathologic results, and diagnostic imaging results. All included dogs were treated with levetiracetam, and their response was reported.ResultsFive dogs were included, all of which had suspected myoclonic seizures either observed in‐person or on video recording by a board‐certified veterinary neurologist. The duration of myoclonic seizures preceding treatment ranged from one day to one year. One dog also experienced a generalised tonic–clonic seizure. All dogs were treated with levetiracetam. Two dogs experienced long‐term myoclonic seizure freedom (duration seizure‐free of at least 1 year), and two dogs experienced marked decreased myoclonic seizure frequency. One dog experienced immediate abatement of myoclonic seizures, although levetiracetam was only utilised for 1 month following onset of myoclonic seizures in this patient.Clinical SignificanceMyoclonic seizures can be idiopathic in aetiology. Levetiracetam can be used effectively to rapidly stop myoclonic seizures and to decrease the frequency of myoclonic seizures.
Proline accumulation and antioxidant response are crucial for citrus tolerance to UV‐B light‐induced stress
Authors: Vives‐Peris V. , Gómez‐Cadenas A. , Pérez‐Clemente R. M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Plants face a wide range of biotic and abiotic stress conditions, which are further intensified by climate change. Among these stressors, increased irradiation in terms of intensity and wavelength range can lead to detrimental effects, such as chlorophyll degradation, destruction of the PSII reaction center, generation of ROS, alterations to plant metabolism, and even plant death.

Here, we investigated the responses of two citrus genotypes, Citrus macrophylla (CM), and Troyer citrange (TC) to UV‐B light‐induced stress, by growing plants of both genotypes under control and UV‐B stress conditions for 5 days to evaluate their tolerance mechanisms.

TC seedlings had higher sensitivity to UV‐B light than CM seedlings, as they showed more damage and increased levels of oxidative harm (indicated by the accumulation of MDA). In contrast, CM seedlings exhibited specific adaptive mechanisms, including accumulation of higher levels of proline under stressful conditions, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by increased ascorbate peroxidase activity and upregulation of the CsAPX2 gene. Phytohormone accumulation patterns were similar in both genotypes, with a decrease in ABA content in response to UV‐B light. Furthermore, expression of genes involved in light perception and response was specifically affected in the tolerant CM seedlings, which exhibited higher expression of CsHYH/CsHY5 and CsRUP1‐2 genes.

These findings underscore the importance of the antioxidant system in citrus plants subjected to UV‐B light‐induced stress and suggest that CsHYH/CsHY5 and CsRUP1‐2 could be considered genes associated with tolerance to such challenging conditions.
Metabolomics‐driven investigation of plant defense response against pest and pathogen attack
Authors: Kumari Megha , Yagnik Kalpesh Nath , Gupta Vaishali , Singh Indrakant K. , Gupta Ravi , Verma Praveen K. , Singh Archana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advancement of metabolomics has assisted in the identification of various bewildering characteristics of the biological system. Metabolomics is a standard approach, facilitating crucial aspects of system biology with absolute quantification of metabolites using minimum samples, based on liquid/gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The metabolome profiling has narrowed the wide gaps of missing information and has enhanced the understanding of a wide spectrum of plant–environment interactions by highlighting the complex pathways regulating biochemical reactions and cellular physiology under a particular set of conditions. This high throughput technique also plays a prominent role in combined analyses of plant metabolomics and other omics datasets. Plant metabolomics has opened a wide paradigm of opportunities for developing stress‐tolerant plants, ensuring better food quality and quantity. However, despite advantageous methods and databases, the technique has a few limitations, such as ineffective 3D capturing of metabolites, low comprehensiveness, and lack of cell‐based sampling. In the future, an expansion of plant–pathogen and plant–pest response towards the metabolite architecture is necessary to understand the intricacies of plant defence against invaders, elucidation of metabolic pathway operational during defence and developing a direct correlation between metabolites and biotic stresses. Our aim is to provide an overview of metabolomics and its utilities for the identification of biomarkers or key metabolites associated with biotic stress, devising improved diagnostic methods to efficiently assess pest and pathogen attack and generating improved crop varieties with the help of combined application of analytical and molecular tools.
COVID‐19 pandemic in Ethiopia: Socioeconomic impacts and government recovery measures
Authors: Nechifor Victor , Boysen Ole , Ferrari Emanuele , Hailu Kidanemariam , Beshir Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study assesses the implications of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the government responses for the economic performance and poverty incidence in Ethiopia for the fiscal years of 2019/20 and 2020/21. It accounts for the impacts of the pandemic on factor productivity, trade costs, export demand, tourism, remittances and foreign direct investment (FDI). An economy‐wide multi‐sectoral model determines impacts at macroeconomic, sectoral, and household levels. A poverty analysis module characterises the effects of the pandemic on food poverty headcount, gap, and severity. Results show that the COVID‐19 impacts could have been significant across all macroeconomic metrics had the government not intervened through fiscal and spending measures. However, much of the recovery through government intervention was driven by agricultural and food processing sectors while output in manufacturing, construction and services sectors continued to be negatively affected. Without government intervention, the food poverty headcount would have increased by about five percentage points. The government measures have mitigated that effect allowing food poverty to reach pre‐COVID‐19 values in 2020/21. Nevertheless, with all measures combined, poor urban households may have been left behind and would require more targeted support to compensate for a significant loss of income.
Peak fat oxidation, peak oxygen uptake, and running performance increase during pre‐season in sub‐elite male football players
Authors: Rømer Tue , Hansen Mikkel Thunestvedt , Lange Kristine Kjær , Petersen Mikkel Lundgren , Ibh Anders Petersen , Panduro Jeppe , Krustrup Peter , Dela Flemming , Helge Jørn Wulff 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeIn Football, the high‐intensity running bouts during matches are considered decisive. Interestingly, recent studies showed that peak fat oxidation rates (PFO) are higher in football players than other athletes. This study aimed to investigate whether PFO increases following a pre‐season. Secondarily, and due to COVID‐19, we investigated whether PFO is related to the physical performance in a subgroup of semi‐professional male football players.MethodsBefore and after 8 weeks of pre‐season training, 42 sub‐elite male football players (18 semi‐professionals and 24 non‐professionals) had a dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry scan and performed a graded exercise test on a treadmill for the determination of PFO, the exercise intensity eliciting PFO (Fatmax) and peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak). Additionally, the semi‐professional players performed a Yo‐Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2 (YYIR2) before and after pre‐season training to determine football‐specific running performance.ResultsPFO increased by 11 ± 10% (mean ± 95% CI), p = 0.031, and V̇O2peak increased by 5 ± 1%, p < 0.001, whereas Fatmax was unchanged (+12 ± 9%, p = 0.057), following pre‐season training. PFO increments were not associated with increments in V̇O2peak (Pearson's r2 = 0.00, p = 0.948) or fat‐free mass (FFM) (r2 = 0.00, p = 0.969). Concomitantly, YYIR2 performance increased in the semi‐professional players by 39 ± 17%, p < 0.001, which was associated with changes in V̇O2peak (r2 = 0.35, p = 0.034) but not PFO (r2 = 0.13, p = 0.244).ConclusionsPFO, V̇O2peak, and FFM increased following pre‐season training in sub‐elite football players. However, in a subgroup of semi‐professional players, increments in PFO were not associated with improvements in YYIR2 performance nor with increments in V̇O2peak and FFM.
Heating of metallic orthodontic devices during anti‐aging treatment with vacuum and electromagnetic fields: In vitro study
Authors: Scarano Antonio , Amuso Domenico , Amore Roberto , Gehrke Sergio Alexandre , Tari Sergio Rexhep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe physical appearance of an individual plays a primary role as it influences the opinion of the viewer. For this reason, orthodontic therapy to improve perceived aesthetics is in high demand among patients. This factor, combined with the increase in the number of non‐invasive facial aesthetic treatments, has led to the need to understand potential risk factors in the application of medical devices to the perioral skin in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro heating of the orthodontic bracket following electromagnetic fields and negative pressure (V‐EMF) used as an anti‐aging treatment.MethodsTwo different types of titanium alloy wires, one made of “beta‐Titanium” alloy and the other “Ni‐Ti” (DW Lingual Systems GmbH—Bad Essen—Germany) were used. The orthodontic wires and brackets mounted on a resin mouth were covered with porcine muscle tissue, then subjected to anti‐aging therapy with a Bi‐one LifeTouchTherapy medical device (Expo Italia Srl—Florence—Italy) which generates a combination of vacuum and electromagnetic fields (V‐EMF) already adopted for antiaging therapy. During administration of the therapy, the orthodontic brackets and porcine tissue were thermally monitored using a Wavetek Materman TMD90 thermal probe (Willtek Communications GmbH—Germany). In total 20 orthodontic mouths were used, 10 with Beta Titanium wires and 10 with Nickel Titanium wires.ResultsA temperature increase of about 1°C was recorded in each group.The outcome of the present research shows that the absolute temperatures measured on orthodontic appliances, which, despite having a slightly different curve, both show an increase in temperature of 1.1°C at the end of the session, thus falling well within the safety range of 2°C as specified by the standard CENELEC EN 45502‐1. Therefore, V‐EMF therapy can be considered safe for the entire dental system and for metal prostheses, which tend to heat up at most as much as biological tissue (+0.9°C/1.1°C vs. 1.1°C/1.1°C).ConclusionIn conclusion, anti‐aging therapy with V‐EMF causes a thermal increase on orthodontic brackets that is not harmful to pulp health.
A cloud‐based solution for trustless indigenous data sovereignty: Protecting Māori biodiversity management data in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Sharma Pankajeshwara , Martin Michael , Swanlund David , Latham Cecilia , Anderson Dean , Wood Waitangi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIndigenous peoples should be able to govern data about themselves, their territories, resources, and ways of life, collected by themselves or others. However, the progressive use of cloud computing for the geoweb raises data security and privacy concerns. We propose a complete and trustless approach for indigenous geospatial data sovereignty on the cloud by furnishing security functions at the core—the web browser. Geomasking permits sharing an anonymized dataset with less privileged users, while the original is protected and shared with sovereign data owners via public‐key encryption. The encrypted dataset's hash value is notarized on the blockchain for the verification of its authenticity when on the cloud. The application was designed for the protection of Biodiversity Management Areas stewarded by the Māori people in Aotearoa New Zealand. It enables diversified functions of geospatial data protection compared with previous works focusing on the cloud by solving data‐sharing problems without relying on a third party.