bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directions for the development of the personnel training process for the water use engineering systems
Authors: Николенко И.В. , Самбурский Г.А. , Гогина Е.С. 
Published: March 2024

Рассмотрены проблемы системы подготовки кадров для инженерных систем водопользования. Выполнен анализ структур учебных планов по направлениям подготовки специалистов для проектирования, строительства и эксплуатации инженерных систем водопользования, на основании которого представлены подходы к совершенствованию направлений подготовки. Показаны новые направления подготовки специалистов для водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства, которые являются перспективными, так как позволяют создавать профили, которые соответствуют современным требованиям отрасли по практически ориентированной подготовке обучающихся для эксплуатации инженерных систем водопользования по обеспечению технологии, а также по автоматизации технологических процессов.
The aspects of the personnel training system for water use engineering systems are considered. An analysis of the curricula structures in training professionals for the design, construction and operation of water engineering systems was carried out, on the basis of which approaches to improving the directions of training were presented. New promising directions for training specialists for the water supply and wastewater disposal sector are shown that provide for developing profiles that meet current industry requirements for practically oriented training of students for the operation of water management engineering systems to design the process technology and automation.
Low-loss polarization-maintaining optical router for photonic quantum information processing
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Baek Soyoung , Edamatsu Keiichi , Kaneda Fumihiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In photonic quantum applications, optical routers are required to handle single photons with low loss, high speed, and preservation of their quantum states. Single-photon routing with maintained polarization states is particularly important for utilizing them as qubits. Here, we demonstrate a polarization-maintaining electro-optic router compatible with single photons. Our custom electro-optic modulator is embedded in a configuration of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, where each optical component achieves polarization-maintaining operation. We observe the performance of the router with 2%–4% loss, 20 dB switching extinction ratio, 2.9 ns rise time, and >99% polarization process fidelity to an ideal identity operation.
IMPROVEMENT OF PREVENTION METHOD OF COLD FALLING AIR FLOW IN THE WORKING AREA IN BUILDINGS WITH HIGH GLAZING COEFFICIENT
Authors: Мерщиев А.А. , Лобанов Д.В. , Бурак Е.Э. 
Published: March 2024

Обоснована актуальность совершенствования способа предотвращения попадания в рабочую зону холодного ниспадающего воздушного потока от наружных ограждающих конструкций. Предложен вариант организации движения воздушных потоков, предотвращающий охлаждение рабочей зоны помещения. Этот результат достигается за счет установки дополнительной светопрозрачной стенки вдоль остекленного фасада, с организацией щелевого канала, в который вовлекается воздух из помещения. За счет этого прогревается дополнительно установленная стенка, повышается радиационная температура в помещении и повышается тепловой комфорт. Приведены результаты расчетов по определению температуры смеси потоков воздуха. Показана возможность регулирования температуры смеси за счет изменения пропорций смешиваемых потоков.
The article substantiates relevance of improving the method of preventing cold falling air flow from external enclosing structures against entering the work area. We proposed a variant of organizing the movement of air flows that prevents cooling of the working area of the room. This result is achieved through installing an additional translucent wall along the glazed facade, with the organization of a slot channel into which air from the room is drawn in. Due to this, the additionally installed wall warms up, the radiation temperature in the room increases and thermal comfort increases, too. We present the results of calculations for determining the temperature of the mixture of air flows. Finally, we show the possibility of regulating the temperature of the mixture by changing the proportions of mixed flows.
CHANGES IN THE AIR PARAMETERS IN THE MENTAL WORK ROOM DURING THE OPERATION OF VARIOUS VENTILATION SYSTEMS SCHEMES
Authors: Лобанов Д.В. , Звенигородский И.И. , Сафонов С.А. 
Published: March 2024

Выполнены экспериментальные исследования работы различных вентиляционных систем в помещении умственного труда. Рассмотрены системы смешивающей, вытесняющей и персональной вентиляции. Проведены замеры параметров внутреннего воздуха: температура воздуха, относительная влажность, концентрация углекислого газа. Выполнено сравнение соответствия обеспечиваемых вентиляционными системами параметров микроклимата нормируемым значениям. Проведена аппроксимация кривых изменения параметров внутреннего воздуха с течением времени функциями с наиболее высоким коэффициентом детерминации. Выявлено, что системы вытесняющей и персональной вентиляции наиболее эффективны при создании и обеспечении нормируемых параметров воздушной среды в условиях проведенного эксперимента. Представлены рекомендации по организации систем вентиляции в помещениях умственного труда с целью обеспечения комфортных параметров микроклимата.
We carried out a series of experimental studies of the operation of various ventilation systems in mental work areas. In this article we consider systems of mixing, displacement and personal ventilation. First, we measured indoor air parameters: air temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide concentration. Then we compared the compliance of the microclimate parameters provided by ventilation systems with the standardized values. Then we approximated the curves of changes in internal air parameters over time by functions with the highest coefficient of determination. It was revealed that displacement and personal ventilation systems are most effective in creating and ensuring standardized parameters of the air environment under the conditions of the experiment. Finally we present recommendations for organizing ventilation systems in mental work areas in order to ensure comfortable microclimate parameters.
UNDERGROUND URBANISM AS AN ASPECT OF THE FORMATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING SPACE IN HISTORICAL MEGACITIES AND MAJOR CITIES
Authors: Миронова И.А. , Текина В.И. 
Published: March 2024

Рассматривается проблема рациональности использования городских пространств в исторических частях мегаполисов и крупнейших городов в аспекте формирования архитектурно-градостроительной среды с использованием подземного пространства. Проанализированы наиболее характерные решения подземных сооружений из отечественной и зарубежной проектной практики, позволившие корректно отредактировать значимые с историко-градостроительной точки зрения фрагменты городской среды. Сделаны выводы о роли подземной части городов в организации пространств общественного назначения в исторической части мегаполисов и крупнейших городов. Дана оценка влиянию аспекта подземной урбанистики на качественные показатели формирования архитектурно-градостроительной среды. Выявлены два основных способа формирования архитектурно-градостроительного пространства мегаполисов и крупнейших городов с организацией в подземной части городов пространств общественного назначения. Сформулирован вывод о целесообразности использования подземной части городов для формирования пространств общественного назначения в исторических мегаполисах и крупнейших городах.
In the article we consider the problem of the rational use of urban spaces in the historical parts of megacities and major cities in the aspect of the formation of an architectural and urban environment using underground space. We have analyzed the most characteristic solutions of underground structures from domestic and foreign design practice, which made it possible to correctly edit details of the urban environment that are significant from a historical and urban planning point of view. We draw a series of conclusions about the role of the underground part of cities in the organization of public spaces in the historical part of megacities and major cities. We as well assessed the influence of the aspect of underground urbanism on the qualitative indicators of the formation of the architectural and urban environment. Also, we identified two main ways of forming the architectural and urban space of megacities and major cities with the organization of public spaces in the underground part of cities. The conclusion is formulated about the expediency of using the underground part of cities to form public spaces in historical megacities and major cities.
ALTERNATIVE LAWN AS A MEANS OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LANDSCAPING URBAN SPACES
Authors: Витюк Е.Ю. , Обухова А.Ю. 
Published: March 2024

В статье изложены основания гипотезы о создании альтернативного газона как способа формирования озелененных объектов городской среды с сокращением затрат на их содержание в период эксплуатации. Дано определение термина «альтернативный газон». Приведены данные по средним затратам на содержание газонов. Представлен обзор современных тенденций в области создания и эксплуатации городских газонов. Предложен перечень растений, наиболее подходящих по сформированной группе критериев для региональных условий Свердловской области. Описан эксперимент по созданию альтернативного газона в г. Екатеринбурге с применением травянистых растений сныти и анемоны.
The article outlines the basis of the hypothesis about the creation of an alternative lawn as a way of creating green facilities in the urban environment while reducing the costs of their maintenance during the period of operation. We give a definition of the term alternative lawn. We give some data on the average costs of maintaining lawns and present an overview of current trends in the creation and operation of urban lawns. We display a list of plants that are most suitable according to the formed group of criteria for the regional conditions of the Sverdlovsk region. We describe here an experiment of creating an alternative lawn in the city of Yekaterinburg using herbaceous plants, namely aegopodium and anemones.
ANALYSIS OF FRACTIONAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE ON THE EXAMPLE OF PERM KRAI
Authors: Середа Т.Г. , Костарев С.Н. 
Published: March 2024

Для проектирования объектов, связанных с переработкой и утилизацией отходов необходимо иметь информацию о фракционном и морфологическом составе твердых коммунальных отходов. Несмотря на некоторые успехи по разработке сортировочных комплексов, значительная часть твердых коммунальных отходов (ТКО) утилизируется на полигонах. Приведены результаты исследований по составу отходов на примере Пермского края, проводимые в 2020 г. Было исследовано 42 компонента отходов, разбитые на 12 категорий. Исследования проводились на примере двух населённых пунктов с численностью менее 300 000 человек (деревня Кондратово) и численностью свыше 500 000 человек (г. Пермь). Представлены результаты анализа фракционного и морфологического состава ТКО по сезонам года. Определено процентное соотношение разлагаемых, трудноразлагаемых и неразлагаемых фракций в исследуемых пробах. Результаты, полученные в работе, могут быть полезны для технико-экономического обоснования проектирования объектов по переработке и захоронению ТКО.
In order to design facilities related to waste treatment and utilization it is necessary to have information on the fractional and morphological composition of solid municipal waste. Despite some success in the development of sorting facilities, a significant portion of solid municipal waste is disposed of in landfills. The article presents the results of research on waste composition on the example of Perm Krai, conducted in 2020. Forty-two components of waste, divided into 12 categories, were studied. The research was conducted on the example of two settlements with a population of less than 300,000 people (the village of Kondratovo) and with a population of more than 500,000 people (the city of Perm). We present the results of an analysis of the fractional and morphological composition of solid municipal waste according to the season. We determined in the studied samples the percentage of degradable, difficult to decompose and non-degradable fractions. The results obtained in the work can be useful for the feasibility study of the design of facilities for the processing and disposal of solid waste.
Revisiting the Helium and Hydrogen Accretion Indicators at TWA 27B: Weak Mass Flow at Near-freefall Velocity
Authors: Marleau Gabriel-Dominique , Aoyama Yuhiko , Hashimoto Jun , Zhou Yifan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
TWA 27B (2M1207b) is the first directly imaged planetary-mass (M
p ≈ 5 M
J) companion and was observed at 0.9–5.3 μm with ​​​JWST/NIRSpec. To understand the accretion properties of TWA 27B, we search for continuum-subtracted near-infrared helium and hydrogen emission lines and measure their widths and luminosities. We detect the He i triplet at 4.3σ and all Paschen-series lines covered by NIRSpec (Paα, Paβ, Paγ, Paδ) at 4σ–5σ. The three brightest Brackett-series lines (Brα, Brβ, Brγ) as well as Pfγ and Pfδ are tentative detections at 2σ–3σ. We provide upper limits on the other hydrogen lines, including on Hα through Hubble Space Telescope archival data. Three lines can be reliably deconvolved to reveal an intrinsic width Δv
intrsc = (67 ± 9) km s−1, which is 60% of the surface freefall velocity. The line luminosities seem significantly too high to be due to chromospheric activity. Converting line luminosities to an accretion rate yields

M

̇

≈
5
×

10

−
9

M

J

yr

−
1

when using scaling relationships for planetary masses, and

M

̇

≈
0.1
×

10

−
9

M

J

yr

−
1

with extrapolated stellar scalings. Several of these lines represent the first detections at an accretor of such low mass. The weak accretion rate implies that formation is likely over. This analysis shows that JWST can be used to measure low line-emitting mass accretion rates onto planetary-mass objects, motivates deeper searches for the mass reservoir feeding TWA 27B, and hints that other young directly imaged objects might—hitherto unbeknownst—also be accreting.
Can Supernovae Quench Star Formation in High-z Galaxies?
Authors: Gelli Viola , Salvadori Stefania , Ferrara Andrea , Pallottini Andrea 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
JWST is providing a unique opportunity to directly study the feedback processes regulating star formation (SF) in early galaxies. The two z > 5 quiescent systems (JADES-GS-z7-01-QU and MACS0417-z5BBG) detected so far show a recent starburst after which SF is suppressed. To clarify whether such quenching is due to supernova (SN) feedback, we have developed a minimal physical model. We derive a condition on the minimum star formation rate,

SFR

min

, lasting for a time interval Δt

b
, required to quench SF in a galaxy at redshift z, with gas metallicity Z, and hosted by a halo of mass M

h
. We find that lower (z, Z, M

h
) systems are more easily quenched. We then apply the condition to JADES-GS-z7-01-QU (z = 7.3, M
⋆ = 108.6
M
⊙) and MACS0417-z5BBG (z = 5.2, M
⋆ = 107.6
M
⊙) and find that SN feedback largely fails to reproduce the observed quenched SF history. Alternatively, we suggest that SF is rapidly suppressed by radiation-driven dusty outflows sustained by the high specific star formation rates (43 and 25 Gyr−1, respectively) of the two galaxies. Our model provides a simple tool to interpret the SF histories of post-starburst galaxies and unravel quenching mechanisms from incoming JWST data.
The Impact of Effective Matter Mixing Based on Three-dimensional Hydrodynamical Models on the Molecule Formation in the Ejecta of SN 1987A
Authors: Ono Masaomi , Nozawa Takaya , Nagataki Shigehiro , Kozyreva Alexandra , Orlando Salvatore , Miceli Marco , Chen Ke-Jung 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To investigate the impact of matter mixing on the formation of molecules in the ejecta of SN 1987A, time-dependent rate equations for chemical reactions are solved for one-zone and one-dimensional (1D) ejecta models of SN 1987A. The latter models are based on the 1D profiles obtained by angle-averaging of the three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical models, which effectively reflect the 3D matter mixing; the impact is demonstrated, for the first time, based on 3D hydrodynamical models. The distributions of initial seed atoms and radioactive 56Ni influenced by the mixing could affect the formation of molecules. By comparing the calculations for spherical cases and for several specified directions in the bipolar-like explosions in the 3D hydrodynamical models, the impact is discussed. The decay of 56Ni, practically 56Co at later phases, could heat the gas and delay the molecule formation. Additionally, Compton electrons produced by the decay could ionize atoms and molecules and could destroy molecules. Several chemical reactions involved with ions such as H+ and He+ could also destroy molecules. The mixing of 56Ni plays a nonnegligible role in both the formation and destruction of molecules through the processes above. The destructive processes of carbon monoxide and silicon monoxide due to the decay of 56Ni generally reduce the amounts. However, if the molecule formation is sufficiently delayed under a certain condition, the decay of 56Ni could locally increase the amounts through a sequence of reactions.
Et si l’empathie n’existait pas…
Authors: Rizet Clément 
Published: March 2024

Dans cet article, il s’agit seulement de jeter les bases d’une réflexion critique sur une notion, l’empathie, qui nous semble particulièrement surévaluée actuellement. D’où provient-elle ? Comment la situer épistémologiquement entre psychologie et neurosciences ? De la compassion à un usage usurpé du mot, s’agit-il d’une fausse révélation pseudoscientifique ?
Hollow
Authors: Mingus Mia , Bigé Emma , de Gouge Harriet 
Published: March 2024

Une nouvelle écrite pour l’anthologie Octavia’s Brood: Science Fiction Stories from Social Justice Movements [enfants d’Octavia: des histoires SF tirées des mouvements de justice sociale], éditée par adrienne maree brown et Walidah Imarisha. L’histoire parle d’un futur dans lequel toutes les personnes handicapées (appelées I. P. ou ImParfait·es) ont été envoyées sur une autre planète où, débarrassées des soldats envoyés pour les surveiller, ielles se sont créé une vie faite d’entraide. Cette vie est menacée par les Parfait·es, qui s’apprêtent à revenir prendre le contrôle et créer une nouvelle dystopie pour eux.
For all Mankind
Authors: Kyrou Ariel , Laugier Sandra 
Published: March 2024

La série For all Mankind , forte de quatre saisons (2019-2024), est une uchronie : qu’aurait-il pu se passer si les Russes avait posé les pieds sur la Lune avant les Américains en 1969 ? Elle nous plonge dans un univers d’hommes, celui de la NASA, patriarcal, mais contraint d’évoluer vers une plus grande diversité. Cet univers semble le monde d’hier, celui de la conquête et de la survie du plus fort dans l’espace ou ailleurs. Il a quelque chose de l’ordre de la dystopie, et pourtant il cultive un espoir presque utopique de construction d’un nouveau monde.
Janos Kornai’s Intellectual Legacy: Looking into System Paradigm and Soft Budget Constraints
Authors: Vahabi Mehrdad 
Published: March 2024

Cet article explore l’héritage intellectuel de Kornai en se focalisant sur deux concepts clés constamment présents dans ses travaux, à savoir le paradigme systémique et la contrainte budgétaire lâche (CBL). Ces deux concepts ont constitué les soubassements théoriques des contributions originales de Kornai à l’important sous-champ de la science économique connu durant la guerre froide sous le nom de « systèmes économiques comparés ». Le concept de CBL a eu un impact beaucoup plus fort sur la discipline à l’Ouest. Mais pour les lecteurs chinois, russes, et d’Europe de l’Est, le message principal de Kornai était que les dysfonctionnements du socialisme étaient endémiques, systémiques et que ce dernier ne pouvait être réformé. En fin de compte, la perspective révolutionnaire de Kornai a été inspirée par le paradigme systémique qui, avec la CBL, reflète son héritage théorique à l’Est et à l’Ouest. Dans cet article, je défendrai l’idée selon laquelle la conceptualisation du paradigme systémique chez Kornai a débuté par la neutralité institutionnelle (notamment politique ) et s’est achevé par la centralité institutionnelle (notamment politique ) alors que sa formulation de la CBL a suivi le chemin inverse. En théorisant la CBL, il a commencé par la centralité institutionnelle et a terminé par la neutralité institutionnelle . Je conclurai l’article en suggérant une solution à l’énigme de l’héritage intellectuel de Kornai en suivant deux directions opposées concernant ses deux contributions théoriques principales. JEL Classifications : B3, D5, E1, E7, P2, P3, P5
Tres sunt arcae sepulcrales, duae ligneae, tertia marmorea
Authors: Ciković Danijel 
Published: March 2024

Nell’articolo si presenta per la prima volta l’analisi monografica della cassa reliquiario di san Gaudenzio conservata nella Collezione d’arte sacra ad Ossero (Croazia). La cassa è in pessime condizioni, ma nonostante ciò è estremamente preziosa per quanto attiene all’aspetto tipologico. In realtà, essa è uno degli unici tre esemplari veneziani almeno parzialmente conservati, oltre alla cassa della Beata Giuliana di Collalto (1290), completamente preservata e custodita presso il Museo Correr, oltre al coperchio della cassa del Beato Leone Bembo (1321) nella Collezione d’arte sacra a Dignano (Croazia). Anche se il dipinto si presenta oggi quasi completamente distrutto, sulla base di una serie di dati d’archivio e di incisione della metà del XVIII secolo è possibile assumere che la cassa fu realizzata nell’anno 1417 dal maestro veneziano Francesco. Il tutto indica che la cassa di san Gaudenzio fu commissionata dal conte di Ossero, Daniele Renier, che iniziò a coprire tale ruolo il 21 settembre 1417.
Autographs, Autobiography, and Black History in Britain: the Congo House Autograph Book
Authors: Burroughs Robert 
Published: March 2024

This article utilises a recent discovery of a textual trace of black people’s self-representation in Edwardian Britain. It concerns an autograph book, currently kept in private hands, bearing entries by black students who attended the African Institute, Colwyn Bay, in around 1905. This short text speaks to the difficulty of accessing private writings and self-representations by black people who lived in Victorian- and Edwardian-era Britain. Though there exist substantial texts written by black people in late-nineteenth-century Britain, including texts of an autobiographical type (broadly defined), self-expressive writings by black people are unquestionably rare. In retracing black lives, scholars frequently piece together information from archival and print sources. The autograph book is itself a work of fragments, though given their autobiographical character they are both rare and valuable: quotations from Shakespeare, sketches, original verse, epigrams, and quotations from scripture. These writings afford some degree of insight into the personalities of the students, who are otherwise generally represented by onlookers in the primary and secondary literature of the Institute.