bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Habitual Activities on Age of Menarche among Bengali Adolescent School Girls
Authors: Banerjee Payel , Pramanik Purushottam 
Published: March 2024

Background: Menarche, the first menstrual bleeding is the signal of initiation of reproductive age of girls. There is a secular decline in the average age at menarche. Age at menarche has significant impact on health in adulthood.
Objectives: The present study was an attempt to assess the mean age at menarche and to determine impact of habitual activities on age at onset of menarche.
Methods: A cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among school girls having age limit 10-14 years who experienced menarche not more than previous three months. Subjects were divided into two group- experimental and control. Experimental group consisted of subjects those attained menarche below 11.5 years. Subjects of control group attained menarche above 11.5 years. Quantitative data were presented as percentage and/or mean + standard deviation. t-test was done to determine significant of difference between physical characteristics of females early age at menarche and reference age at menarche. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were done for analysis of our results.
Results: 23% of study population acquired menarche at age below 11.5 years. Anthropometric parameters differed significantly between experimental and reference group. Significant association was observed between age at menarche with habitual activities. Logistic regression analysis suggested that habitual activities might be considered as determinants of early menarche.
Conclusion: Risk of early menarche increases with increasing duration of screen time and decreasing duration of daily physical activities like walking, outdoor playing and bicycle riding. Adolescent girls should encourage for physical activities and minimize including screen time.
Impact of Weather Parameters on Population Dynamics of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)
Authors: Bhat Mohammad Saleem , Hakeem Shafeeq Ahmad , Malik Sameer Ahmad , Shah Ishfaq Majeed , Wani Suhail Qayoom , Jan Shoaib Momin , Wani Aadil Akbar 
Published: March 2024

Studies on “population dynamics of Cabbage Aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) on Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)’’ in relation to weather parameters revealed cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) as a major pest on Kale. The incidence of cabbage aphid commenced from 16th standard meteorological week (SMW) with a population of 2.02 (aphids/plant). The population of cabbage aphid started increasing and reached its peak in 25th SMW with a population of 137.16 (aphids/plant) after that the population started declining gradually in 26th SMW with a population of 83.14 (aphids/plant). However, the mean population of nymphs during 16th SMW was (2.02 ± 0.46) which gradually started increasing and was highest in 25th SMW (32.68 ± 0.74). The mean population of adults during 17th SMW was (8.24 ± 0.38) and was highest during 25th SMW (62.12 ± 0.50) and the mean population of winged aphids during 18th SMW was (7.10 ± 0.42) which gradually started increasing and attained its peak during 25th SMW (42.36 ± 0.41) respectively. Correlation between maximum and minimum temperature showed positive correlation with cabbage aphid population. Relative humidity of morning showed non-significant negative correlation while relative humidity of evening exhibited positive non-significant correlation. Rainfall were found non-significant positive correlation.
HIV Risk Perception and Assessment among Youths in Rivers State, Nigeria: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Adeniji Foluke Olukemi , Ogubuike Chigozirim 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue with increasing cases among young people. Several risky sexual behaviours put these youths at higher risk of HIV infection affecting their health and general well-being. Perception of health risk is a key dimension of most health behaviour models. This study assessed the risk factors of HIV infection, HIV risk perception and assessment among youths in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methods: This was a comparative descriptive cross-sectional study investigating HIV risk perception among youths in a rural and an urban local government in Rivers State. A multistage sampling technique was used in the selection of the youths from two LGAs. A structured, pre-tested, questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondent. Data was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics set at P < 0.05 using SPSS version 21 and EPI INFO version 7.0.
Results: Respondents mean age was 19.04 + 3.34 and 18.50+ 2.86 years rural and urban community respectively. There were more female respondents 52.2% in the rural area and more male respondent 59.2% in the urban area. More youths in the rural than the urban (56.2% vs. 39.5%; p=0.018) were sexually active. The proportion that did not use condoms consistently in the last 12 months preceding the survey was more in the rural than the in urban area (72.6% vs. 46.6%; p<0.001). A larger proportion of youths in the urban areas than the rural areas (79.7% vs.61.5%) perceived themselves to have little or no risk. However, more of rural youths than urban youths (51.4% vs.36.6%) were assessed to be high risk. The sensitivity of perceived risk in the rural was higher than in the urban (37.4% vs.30.6%) while the specificity of perceived risk in the rural was lower than in the urban (63.3% vs.88.0%) population.
Conclusion: We found differences in the sexual risk factors to HIV among youths. Youths in rural area are more likely than their urban counterpart to underestimate their personal risk of contracting HIV. Training intervention to improve HIV/AIDS knowledge, risk perception and reduction in risky sexual behavior among the youths is crucial.
Assessment of Different Organics’ Efficacy on Seed-Borne Pathogen Colletotrichum spp. of Chilli
Authors: Anagha G.  , Ekabote Suresha D. , Ramesh A. N. , Kumar P. Hemanth , Ravichandra  , Mouna H. N. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Chilli is one of the important spice cum vegetable crop cultivated worldwide. It is an important source of vitamins, minerals, oleoresin etc. There are different biotic and abiotic factors responsible for the reduction in the yield of chilli in India. One of the most serious fungal diseases of chilli which causing the major pre and post harvest loss is anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species. Primary infection of the disease is due to the seed borne nature of pathogen. So for the better management of the disease, control measures should be taken by understanding the seed borne nature of pathogen.
Methods: The present investigation was taken up to studying the seed borne nature of disease so that suitable management practices can be recommended to reduce the yield loss. Seeds of the eight infected chilli genotypes were collected and presence of pathogen was detected using agar plate method and standard blotter method. Efficacy of five different organics were tested by using germination test by calculating germination percentage and seedling vigour index of infected seeds of susceptible chilli variety (Byadgi Dabbi)
Results: Among the eight different genotypes tested through agar plate and standard blotter method six genotypes (Bhadra, Shilpa, Ujwala, Arka Tanvi, Green Thunder and Sitara) recorded 100 % however, Arka Tejasvi and WS-2270 showed 0 % seed infection. Among the five organics tested maximum germination percentage and seedling vigour index was recorded when the infected seeds were treated with vermiwash and cow urine.
Mechanism of Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Acetophenone Catalyzed by Chiral η6‐Arene–N‐Tosylethylenediamine–Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Sandoval Christian A. , Ohkuma Takeshi , Utsumi Noriyuki , Tsutsumi Kunihiko , Murata Kunihiko , Noyori Ryoji 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChiral arene–N‐tosylethylenediamine–RuII complexes can be made to effect both asymmetric transfer hydrogenation and asymmetric hydrogenation of simple ketones through a slight functional modification and by switching reaction conditions. [Ru(OSO2CF3){(S,S)‐TsNCH(C6H5)CH(C6H5)NH2}(η6‐p‐cymene)] catalyzes the asymmetric hydrogenation of acetophenone in methanol to afford (S)‐1‐phenylethanol with 96 % ee in 100 % yield. Like the transfer hydrogenation catalyzed by similar Ru catalysts with basic 2‐propanol or a formic acid/triethylamine mixture, this hydrogenation proceeds through a metal–ligand bifunctional mechanism. The reduction of the CO function occurs via an intermediary 18e RuH species in its outer coordination sphere without metal–substrate interaction. The high catalytic efficiency relies on the facile ionization of the Ru triflate complex in methanol. The turnover rate is dependent on hydrogen pressure and medium acidity and basicity. The RuCl analogue can be used as a precatalyst, albeit less effectively. Unlike the well‐known diphosphine–1,2‐diamine–RuII‐catalyzed hydrogenation that proceeds in a basic alcohol, this reaction takes place under slightly acidic conditions, creating new opportunities for asymmetric hydrogenation.
M[B(CN)4]2: Two New Tetracyanoborate Compounds with Divalent Cations (M: Zn, Cu).
Authors: Neukirch Michael , Tragl Sonja , Meyer H.‐Juergen , Kueppers Torsten , Willner Helge 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Initiated Reactions: Pechmann Coumarin Synthesis, Biginelli Reaction, and Acylation.
Authors: Manhas Maghar S. , Ganguly Subhendu N. , Mukherjee Somdatta , Jain Amit K. , Bose Ajay K. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sonochemical Fluorination of Heterocyclic Nitro Compounds with Selectfluor (F‐TEDA‐BF4).
Authors: Sadeghi Majid M. , Loghmani‐Khouzani Hossein , Ranjbar‐Karimi Reza , Golding Bernard T. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium N‐Methylimidazolium Supported Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Heck Reaction.
Authors: Altava Belen , Burguete M. Isabel , Garcia‐Verdugo Eduardo , Karbass Naima , Luis Santiago V. , Puzary Amrit , Sans Victor 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reaction of Cyclopropylcarbene—Metal Complexes with Nucleophiles, Halogens and HX.
Authors: Reid Margaret D. , Tirado Liz , Zhang Jianwei , Dike Nwamara , Herndon James W. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fluorinated α,β‐Diamino Esters by Ring Opening of Activated 3‐Trifluoromethyl‐aziridine‐2‐carboxylates.
Authors: Rinaudo Giuseppe , Narizuka Satoru , Askari Neda , Crousse Benoit , Bonnet‐Delpon Daniele 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Small Peptide Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Ketones to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Xu Yongmei , Zou Weibiao , Sunden Henrik , Ibrahem Ismail , Cordova Armando 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Aerobic Hydroalkoxylation of Styrenes Containing a Phenol.
Authors: Gligorich Keith M. , Schultz Mitchell J. , Sigman Matthew S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Practical Stereo‐ and Regioselective, Copper(I)‐Promoted Strecker Synthesis of Sugar‐Modified α,β‐Unsaturated Imines.
Authors: Zhou Guobin , Zheng Weixin , Wang Dong , Zhang Pengfei , Pan Yuanjiang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Non‐Benzimidazole chk2 Kinase Inhibitors.
Authors: McClure Kelly J. , Huang Liming , Arienti Kirsten L. , Axe Frank U. , Brunmark Anders , Blevitt Jon , Breitenbucher J. Guy 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of 4‐O‐ and C‐Substituted‐7‐azaindoles.
Authors: Figueroa‐Perez Santiago , Bennabi Samir , Schirok Hartmut , Thutewohl Michael 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Pyrimidine Based Thiazolidinones and Azetidinones: Antimicrobial and Antitubercular Agents.
Authors: Patel R. B. , Desai P. S. , Desai K. R. , Chikhalia K. H. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Synthesis and Evaluation of Cell A549 Growth Inhibitory Activity of 4‐Aryl‐6‐aryloxymethylmorpholin‐3‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Tan Wei , Zhao Bao‐Xiang , Shi Mei , Sha Lei , Miao Jun‐Ying , Shin Dong‐Soo 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 4H‐Imidazo[2,1‐c][1,4]benzoxazin‐4‐yl Acetic Acids and Esters as Possible COX‐2 Inhibitors.
Authors: Jayaveera K. N. , Sailaja S. , Reddanna P. , Reddy D. Bharat , Reddy G. Jagath , Rao K. Srinivasa 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heterocyclization of Dithiocarbamates and Thioureas of the Imidazole Series with Dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate.
Authors: Eltsov Oleg S. , Kamalova Elena A. , Mokrushin Vladimir S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzothiazepines. Part 30. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Studies of 10‐Substituted‐6a,7‐dihydro‐6H‐7‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐6‐phenyl [1]benzopyrano[3,4‐c][1,5]benzothiazepines.
Authors: Pant Umesh C. , Chandra Hem , Goyal Shweta , Sharma Priyanka , Pant Seema 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Febrifugine Analogues as Potential Antimalarial Agents.
Authors: Zhu Shuren , Meng Li , Zhang Quan , Wei Lai 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Semi‐Synthetic Preparation of the Rare, Cytotoxic, Deep‐Sea Sourced Sponge Metabolites Discorhabdins P (I) and U (II).
Authors: Grkovic Tanja , Kaur Balwinder , Webb Victoria L. , Copp Brent R. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Xanthone Derivatives from Cratoxylum cochinchinense Roots
Authors: Mahabusarakam W. , Nuangnaowarat W. , Taylor W. C. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
SPF‐32629 A and B, Novel Human Chymase Inhibitors Produced by Penicillium sp.
Authors: Shimatani Takuro , Hosotani Nobuo , Ohnishi Masako , Kumagai Kazuo , Saji Ikutaro 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New 4‐Nitrobenzyl Carbonate Prodrug of Methyl 5‐Benzyl‐2‐hydroxy‐11‐methylene‐6‐oxo‐5H‐benzo [b]carbazole‐1‐carboxylate for Potential Use with Nitroreductase‐Based Gene‐Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (GDEPT).
Authors: Asche C. , Kucklaender U. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Novel HIV‐1 Protease Inhibitors Incorporating Oxyindoles as the P2′‐Ligands.
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Schiltz Gary , Perali Ramu Sridhar , Leshchenko Sofiya , Kay Stephanie , Walters D. Eric , Koh Yasuhiro , Maeda Kenji , Mitsuya Hiroaki 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Indole Derivatives via Isocyanides
Authors: Campo J. , Garcia‐Valverde M. , Marcaccini S. , Rojo M. J. , Torroba T. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Structure of the Bilayer Hydrate Na0.3NiO2×1.3D2O.
Authors: Park Sangmoon , Lee Yongjae , Elcombe Margaret , Vogt Thomas 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Photocatalytic Properties and 121Sb Moessbauer Spectra of Antimonic Acid Fine Nanoparticles Prepared by Soft Chemical Solution Process.
Authors: Wang Junhu , Ozawa Kiyoshi , Takahashi Masashi , Takeda Masuo , Nonami Toru 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Cuprates Featuring Ladderlike Periodic Arrays of [Cu3O8]10‐ Trimeric Magnetic Nanostructures.
Authors: Mo Xunhua , Etheredge Kristen M. S. , Hwu Shiou‐Jyh , Huang Qun 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereoselective Addition of Diorganyl Chalcogenides to Cyclohexene Catalyzed with Tin(IV) Chloride.
Authors: Martynov A. V. , Zhinkin A. R. , Amosova S. V. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effective Oxidation of Benzylic and Aliphatic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by a Manganese(III) Schiff‐Base Complex under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Mardani Hamid R. , Golchoubian Hamid 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions Using Lanthanum(III) Nitrate. Part 2. A Mild and Efficient Chemoselective Tetrahydropyranylation of Primary Alcohols Using La(NO3)3×6H2O as a Catalyst under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Reddy T. Srikanth , Ravinder K. , Suryakiran N. , Narasimhulu M. , Mahesh K. Chinni , Venkateswarlu Y. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Allylic Substitution Reactions with Grignard Reagents Catalyzed by Imidazolium and 4,5‐Dihydroimidazolium Carbene—CuCl Complexes.
Authors: Okamoto Sentaro , Tominaga Satoshi , Saino Naoko , Kase Kouki , Shimoda Kentaro 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Arenediazonium o‐Benzenedisulfonimides as Efficient Reagents for Heck‐Type Arylation Reactions.
Authors: Artuso Emma , Barbero Margherita , Degani Iacopo , Dughera Stefano , Fochi Rita 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient and Highly Selective Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides in the Presence of an Ionic Liquid Containing Hypervalent Iodine.
Authors: Qian Weixing , Pei Lin 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pd‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Pyrroles with Allyl Alcohols Promoted by Triethylborane.
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Fukasaka Miki , Tamaru Yoshinao 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Oxidative Tandem Cyclization Reactions. Synthesis of Indolines Through C—N and C—C Bond Formation.
Authors: Yip Kai‐Tai , Yang Min , Law Ka‐Lun , Zhu Nian‐Yong , Yang Dan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Carbon‐11 and Fluorine‐18 Labeled N‐Acetyl‐1‐aryl‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives as New Potential PET AMPA Receptor Ligands.
Authors: Gao Mingzhang , Kong Deyuan , Clearfield Abraham , Zheng Qi‐Huang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.