bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan Aplikasi Virtual Private Network (VPN) Point To Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Dalam Mengakses Situs Terblokir
Authors: Andini Marisa Dika , Amirullah Muhamad , Muchtar Helitha Novianty 
Published: March 2024

The discovery of a Virtual Private Network (VPN) makes it easy to access the internet wherever and whenever. Many service providers see the advantages of VPN being commercially usable, VPNs are very vulnerable to hacker attacks, cracking that supports data or information from VPN application users, this research offers to provide information about VPN security Point to Point Tunneling protocol (PPTP) and whether the VPN security system has been licensed and is in accordance with applicable law or not. This research is normative juridical. By using analytical descriptive analysis, this research provides facts about VPN security point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP) in accessing blocked sites, discussed with the Electronic Transaction Information Act. Keywords: Virtual Private Network (VPN), point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP), Blocked Site, Penemuan Virtual Private Network (VPN) memberi kemudahan untuk mengakses internet dimanapun dan kapanpun. Banyak penyedia layanan melihat keuntungan bahwa VPN ini bisa digunakan gratis secara komersial, VPN sangat rentan dari serangan hacker, cracking yang mampu mencuri data atau informasi dari pengguna aplikasi VPN, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai keamanan VPN Point to Point Tunneling protocol (PPTP) dan apakah sistem keamanan VPN tersebut sudah mendapatkan perizinan dan sesuai dengan Undang-Undang yang berlaku atau tidak. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis, Penelitian ini memberikan fakta-fakta mengenai keamanan VPN point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP) dalam mengakses situs terblokir, dikaitkan dengan Undang-undang Informasi Transaksi Elektronik. Kata kunci: Virtual Private Network (VPN), point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP), Situs Terblokir.
Reevaluasi Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Melalui Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen
Authors: Pratama Radhyca Nanda , Yanto Solehudin Akbar Fitri , Astanti Dilla Nurfiana 
Published: March 2024

The establishment of LAPS in the banking financial services sector in accordance with the mandate of the UU OJK as an institution that has authority in the settlement of consumer disputes outside the court (non-litigation) through the units of financial service institutions contained in the list of alternative Dispute Resolution Institutions established by the OJK. Before the establishment of LAPS, dispute resolution outside the court was conducted through BPSK which had the authority as stipulated in the UUPK. However, the existence of the same authority as the institution for resolving disputes outside the court between BPSK and LAPS raises legal uncertainty. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dispute resolution of financial services institutions in the banking sector after and before LAPS was formed and enacted. The method used in this study is a normative legal research method using a research approach, statue approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study are the choice of financial services sector consumer dispute resolution forums constituting consumer rights based on consumer protection laws. The existence of LAPS is the implementing regulation of the UU OJK so that consumers can choose to settle disputes through the LAPS financial services sector without prejudice to the settlement of consumer disputes outside the court stipulated in the UUPK. Keywords: Dispute; Bangking; LAPS. Pembentukan LAPS sektor jasa keuangan perbankan sesuai dengan amanat UU OJK sebagai lembaga yang memiliki kewenangan dalam penyelesaian sengketa konsumen di luar pengadilan (non-litigasi) melalui unit-unit lembaga jasa keuangan yang termuat dalam daftar Lembaga Alternatif Penyelesaian sengketa yang ditetapkan oleh OJK. Sebelum hadirnya LAPS, penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan dilakukan melalui BPSK yang memiliki kewenangan sebagaimana ditetapkan dalam UUPK. Namun, adanya kewenangan yang sama sebagai lembaga penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan antara BPSK dengan LAPS menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penyelesaian sengketa lembaga jasa keuangan sektor perbankan sesudah dan sebelum dibentuk dan ditetapkannya LAPS. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian, pendeketan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pilihan forum penyelesaian sengketa konsumen sektor jasa keuangan merupakan hak konsumen berdasarkan hukum perlindungan konsumen. Keberadaan LAPS merupakan peraturan pelaksana dari UU OJK sehingga konsumen dapat memilih untuk menyelesaikan sengketa melalui LAPS sektor jasa keuangan dengan tidak mengesampingkan penyelesaian sengketa konsumen di luar pengadilan yang diatur dalam UUPKKata kunci: Sengketa; Perbankan; LAPS.
Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Yang Dilakukan Oleh Korporasi
Authors: Pradityo Randy , Tri Mayasari Riri 
Published: March 2024

Criminal law policy in the effort to combat crime has 2 (two) main means, namely penal and non-penal. The penal policy is formulated in the regulation to eradicate money laundering. In this provision, the corporation has the same responsibility as individuals (natuur person). Corporations that are suspected of committing the crime of money laundering must first be proven whether the act classified as money laundering was carried out by an individual or on behalf of the management or corporation so that it can be sanctioned according to their respective qualifications. Another problem is that the imposition of imprisonment in lieu of fines in this regulation does not include an explanation regarding the calculation of confiscated corporate assets as a reason for reducing imprisonment in lieu of fines. Therefore, the policy for formulating corporate responsibility should be made by taking into account the extent to which the corporation moves in money laundering crimes, taking into account the consequences of these crimes. In addition, the corporate responsibility formulation policy must comply with the general provisions in the Criminal Code as the main guideline.Keywords: Policy; Criminal Law; Money Laundering; Corporation; Kebijakan hukum pidana dalam upaya penanggulangan kejahatan memiliki 2 (dua) sarana utama, yakni penal dan non-penal. Kebijakan penal dirumuskan dalam regulasi pemberantasan tindak pidana pencucian uang. Didalam ketentuan tersebut, korporasi memiliki pertanggungjawaban yang sama dengan individu (natuur person). Korporasi yang diduga melakukan tindak pidana pencucian uang harus terlebih dahulu dibuktikan apakah perbuatan yang tergolong pencucian uang tersebut dilakukan oleh individu secara pribadi ataukah mengatasnamakan pengurus atau korporasi sehingga dapat dijatuhkan sanksi sesuai dengan kualifikasinya masing-masing. Problem lainnya adalah penjatuhan pidana kurungan pengganti denda dalam regulasi ini tidak mencantumkan penjelasan mengenai perhitungan kekayaan korporasi yang dirampas sebagai alasan pengurangan pidana kurungan pengganti denda. Maka dari itu, kebijakan perumusan pertanggungjawaban korporasi hendaknya dibuat dengan memperhatikan sejauh mana pergerakan korporasi dalam kejahatan pencucian uang, dengan mempertimbangkan akibat yang ditimbulkan dari kejahatan tersebut. Selain itu, kebijakan perumusan pertanggungjawaban korporasi haruslah berkesesuaian dengan ketentuan umum dalam KUHP sebagai pedoman utamanya.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan; Hukum Pidana; Pencucian Uang; Korporasi;
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN NEGARA TERHADAP KERUGIAN YANG DI ALAMI OLEH BADAN PENYELENGGARAAN JAMINAN SOSIAL
Authors: Cahyandari Dewi , Chandra Jeremya 
Published: March 2024

Jaminan sosial merupakan sebuah bentuk perlindungan sosial yang diselenggarakan oleh negara Republik Indonesia guna menjamin warga negaranya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dasar yang layak sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam Pasal 22 Deklarasi Universal Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia. BPJS dibentuk untuk dapat memfasilitasi jaminan sosial untuk masyarakat. Namun, kerugian yang dialami oleh BPJS membuat pemerintah secara terus menerus menyuntikan modal kepada BPJS. Beberapa waktu lalu, pemerintah sempat menaikkan iuran BPJS yang banyak memancing gelombang protes dari masyarakat karena kenaikan iuran tersebut diperkirakan di lakukan untuk menutup kerugianyang di alami oleh BPJS. Oleh karenanya dalam tulisan ini penulis mengambil rumusan masalah apakah kerugian yang dialami oleh BPJS masuk dalam kategori kerugian negara? Dan apakah negara harus bertanggung jawab terhadap kerugian yang dialami oleh Badan penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS). Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Jika melihat unsur-unsur dari kerugian negara maka kerugian yang di alami BPJS bukanlah kerugian negara, namun pada kenyataanya negara masih saja menyuntikkan modal kepada BPJS.
URGENSI PEMBATASAN KEWENANGAN PRESIDEN DALAM MENGELUARKAN PERATURAN PRESIDEN MELALUI REVISI UNDANG-UNDANG PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG- UNADNGAN
Authors: Amancik Amancik 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh Materi MuatanPeraturan Presiden yang berfungsi melaksanakanKekuasaan Pemerintahan yang memberi kewenanganbesar bagi Presiden dalam sehingga membuka peluang bagi presiden untuk menyalahgunakan kewenangannya. Untuk itu perlu dibangun mekanismeuntuk membatasi Kekuasaan Presiden dalammengeluarkan Peraturan Presiden sebagai wujud darikonstitusionalisme. Materi muatan Peraturan Presidenberfungsi sebagai penyelenggaraan kekuasaanpemerintahan dianggap mirip dengan fungsi Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah karena PeraturanPresiden memuat norma yang mengatur sebagaimana fungsi Undang-Undang dan terjadi kerancuan denganPeraturan Pemerintah yang secara konstitusionalmateri muatannya melaksanakan Undang-Undang. Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Normatif, denganpendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Untuk itulah penulis mengusulkan lebih baik jika Peraturan Presiden ditiadakan, mengingat Presiden Indonesia sudah memiliki banyak kewenangan, khususnya kewenangan secara legislasi seperti membentuk Undang-Undang, Peraturan PemerintahPengganti Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan cara melakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan dan perlu dibangun mekanisme intern dan ekstern untuk meninjau, memantau dan mengawasiPeraturan Presiden melalui Judicial Review dan Excecutive Review.
Kata Kunci: Kewenangan Presiden, Pembatasan, Peraturan Presiden.
Alterações morfofuncionais e suas implicações na função mastigatória de idosos senescentes
Authors: Dantas Paôlla Gabrielly Antas Lunguinho , Fonsêca Ilanna Cibele Delgado de Araújo , Andrade Wagner Teobaldo Lopes de , Amaral Ana Karênina de F. J. do 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: analisar o impacto das alterações morfofuncionais na mastigação de idosos senescentes. Metodologia: Os idosos senescentes funcionalmente independentes passaram por uma entrevista que abordava os aspectos respiratórios, alimentares e hábitos orais, além de uma avaliação das características morfológicas, postura, tonicidade, mobilidade e funções do sistema estomatognático. Os dados foram armazenados no software e-myo. Esta pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e realizada entre 2017 e 2019. Resultados: participaram 85 indivíduos, sendo maior parte do sexo feminino com idade entre 60-79 anos. A maioria apresentou alteração na mastigação com frequente presença de mais de uma característica em um mesmo voluntário. O ritmo mastigatório tende a ficar lentificado e as compensações são frequentes devido às alterações anatômicas e condições dentárias dos voluntários. Foi frequente o uso aumentado da musculatura perioral e movimentos verticalizados de mandíbula durante a execução da função pelos longevos. A diminuição da mobilidade de língua teve influência na função mastigatória, divergente da tonicidade, tornando pertinente o uso de exercícios isotônicos. Entretanto, a autopercepção deste público, muitas vezes, não condiz com as condições apresentadas, sendo necessário um cuidado maior por parte dos profissionais. Conclusão: a perda de mais de vinte dentes, a mobilidade de língua diminuída e a participação aumentada da musculatura perioral influenciaram nas alterações de mastigação da amostra estudada.
Exposição às telas e impactos na qualidade do sono do público infantil: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Curvelo Millena Vitória da Silva , Dias João Victor Sarno Paes Alves , Costa Victor Alex Araújo , Rocha Leandro Fernandes , Marques Matheus Santos 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Analisar as possíveis interferências do uso das telas na qualidade do sono do público infantil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. As buscas por artigos científicos foram realizadas nos sites PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs, através dos descritores “dispositivos eletrônicos", "crianças", “infantil”, "sono”, “desenvolvimento infantil" e “tempo de tela”, disponíveis no Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), combinados pelos operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. A partir da busca, foram encontrados 944 artigos, dentre os quais 11 fizeram parte da amostra final após aplicação do PRISMA. Resultados: A utilização excessiva de telas, definida como tempo de tela (TT) superior a 2 horas/dia, promove uma inadaptação no estabelecimento do ciclo sono-vigília, aumentando a liberação de hormônios que condicionam o atraso e a má qualidade do sono. Dos 11 artigos selecionados, 6 relacionaram o sono insatisfatório, dificuldade para adormecer e despertares noturnos ao uso de ecrãs. Além destes, obesidade, sedentarismo, desatenção, instabilidade postural e problemas afetivos também se correlacionam às telas. Conclusão: A partir da análise dos estudos supracitados, foi possível inferir que a utilização dos aparelhos digitais entre o público infantil configura-se como um fator de risco para alterações na qualidade e quantidade do sono e em outras esferas do desenvolvimento infantil.
Perfil epidemiológico das internações pediátricas por epilepsia no Brasil no período entre 2012 e 2022
Authors: Vicente Andressa Gonçalves , Dieguez Amanda Crespo , Amarante Bernardo Teixeira , Hortolam Isabela Monteiro , Carneiro Sâmya Maria Brito , Ruela Guilherme de Andrade 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico das internações pediátricas por epilepsia, nos anos de 2012 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo ecológico descritivo, do tipo série temporal, utilizando dados disponíveis no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS), através do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (Datasus). Resultados: Os dados são correspondentes ao período de 2012 a 2022, tendo sido registradas 231.450 internações relacionadas à epilepsia no Brasil, com a maioria ocorrendo na região Sudeste, seguida pelo Nordeste, Sul, Centro-Oeste e Norte. A faixa etária mais afetada foi de 1 a 4 anos, sendo que a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino e de cor parda. A maior parte das internações ocorreu em caráter de urgência, com uma média de permanência de 4,9 dias. As internações eletivas tiveram uma média de permanência maior e acima da média geral. Durante o período do estudo, houve 1254 óbitos relacionados às internações por epilepsia na população pediátrica, sendo a maioria dos óbitos ocorrendo em internações de urgência. Conclusão: A epilepsia afeta principalmente crianças de países em desenvolvimento, causando descargas elétricas cerebrais anormais capazes de prejudicar o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de vida. Investigações e estudos, especialmente em crianças, são essenciais para estratégias de diagnóstico, tratamento e apoio eficazes, visando controlar e prevenir a doença, mitigando seu impacto na sociedade.
Güvenlik Kültürü ve İş Sağlığı Güvenliği Konusunda Kadın Çalışanların Farkındalığı: Tekstil Sektörü Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: Okur Merve , Yurtsever Adem 
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada kadın çalışan istihdamının yoğun olduğu tehlikeli ve emek yoğun bir sektör olan tekstil sektöründe kadın çalışanların İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG) uygulamalarına bakış açısını ortaya koyabilmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında bir tekstil fabrikasındaki 180 kadın çalışana 35 soruluk 5’li Likert tipi ölçekle hazırlanan anket uygulanmıştır. Kadın çalışanların İSG konusundaki bilgi ve tecrübeleri değerlendirilerek, İSG kültürünün günümüz çalışma koşullarındaki durumu kadın çalışanların bakış açısıyla ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan anket neticesinde, çalışanlarının %54'ünün "Kadın çalışanlara yönelik çıkarılan kanunların iyileştirilmesi gerektiğini düşündüğü”, bununla birlikte %49'luk kısmının ise “Kadın çalışanlar açısından gece vardiyasının erkek çalışanlara kıyasla daha zorlayıcı olduğunu düşündüğü” tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde ise kadın çalışanların güvenlik kültürü ve İSG farkındalıklarının yetersiz olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
The influence of Mg/Al molar ratio on the performance of CuMgAl-x catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Liu Haoran , Huang Wenbin , Xu Zhen , Jia Yijing , Huang Meng , Liu Xiaoyue , Yang Han , Li Rongrong , Wei Qiang , Zhou Yasong 
Published: March 2024

The CuMgAl-x catalysts derived from hydrotalcite precursors with different Mg/Al molar ratios were synthesized and applied to CO2 hydrogenation to methanol reaction. In this study, the effects of Mg/Al molar ratio on the structure and surface properties of CuMgAl-x catalysts were investigated by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD, XPS, and in situ DRIFTS characterization methods. The results showed that an appropriate Mg/Al molar ratio can enhance the Cu-MgO interaction, increasing the basic sites and obtaining suitable acid sites. The dispersion of active Cu on the CuMgAl-x catalysts can be improved by strong Cu-MgO interaction, which enhances the adsorption capacity of CO2 and makes H2 activation easier, accelerates the conversion of intermediate species CO3* and HCO3*to HCOO*, and facilitates further conversion to CH3O* and CH3OH. The strong interaction between Cu and MgO was conducive to the formation of Cu+, which can inhibit the desorption of CO in the reverse water gas shift reaction. The CuMgAl-3 catalyst showed the highest CO2 Conversion rate (14.3%), methanol selectivity (94.5%), and STY of methanol (419.3 g⋅kgcat.−1⋅h−1) at 240°C and 2.5 MPa. The results obtained in this paper can provide a new idea for the design of high-performance catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol.
Plasma metabolomic profile is near-normal in people with HIV on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Virseda-Berdices Ana , Martín-Escolano Rubén , Berenguer Juan , González-García Juan , Brochado-Kith Oscar , Rojo David , Fernández-Rodríguez Amanda , Pérez-Latorre Leire , Hontañón Victor , Barbas Coral , Resino Salvador , Jiménez-Sousa María Ángeles 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCombination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in people with HIV (PWH). However, a chronic state of immune activation and inflammation is maintained despite achieving HIV suppression and satisfactory immunological recovery. We aimed to determine whether the plasma metabolomic profile of PWH on long-term suppressive ART and immunologically recovered approximates the normality by comparison with healthy controls with similar age and gender.MethodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study in 17 PWH on long-term ART (HIV-RNA &lt;50 copies/mL, CD4+ ≥500 cells/mm3, and CD4+/CD8+ ≥1) and 19 healthy controls with similar age and gender. Metabolomics analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The statistical association analysis was performed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with a gamma distribution (log-link). Significance levels (p-value) were corrected for multiple testing (q-value).ResultsPCA and PLS-DA analyses found no relevant differences between groups. Adjusted GLM showed 14 significant features (q-value&lt;0.20), of which only three could be identified: lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) (22:6) (q-value=0.148), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) (22:6) (q-value=0.050) and hydroperoxy-octadecatrienoic acid (HpOTrE)/dihydroperoxy-octadecatrienoic acid (DiHOTrE)/epoxy-octadecadienoic acid (EpODE) (q-value=0.136). These significant identified metabolites were directly correlated to plasma inflammatory biomarkers in PWH and negatively correlated in healthy controls.ConclusionPWH on long-term ART have a metabolomic profile that is almost normal compared to healthy controls. Nevertheless, residual metabolic alterations linked to inflammatory biomarkers persist, which could favor the development of age-related comorbidities among this population.
Decreased circulating omega-3 fatty acids increase the risk of myocardial infarction: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Wei , Yang Linfei , Zhang Jing , Xiang Haiyun 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundMany studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids may play critical roles in cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction (MI) typically results from a thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery leading to myocardial ischemia. Thus, this study aims to examine the association between omega-3 fatty acids and MI.MethodsA two-sample Mendelian randomization study was used to explore the causal relationship between circulating omega-3 fatty acids and the risk of MI performed by MR-Egger regression, inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and weighted mode.ResultsFive single-nucleotide polymorphisms strongly related to circulating omega-3 fatty acids were selected as instrumental variables from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis including 13,544 subjects. We extracted summary data for the risk of MI from another GWAS meta-analysis including 171,875 individuals (43,676 cases and 128,199 controls). The genetically predicted lower circulating omega-3 increased the risk of myocardial infarction showed by the results of IVW [odds ratio (OR) = 1.224, 95% CI = 1.045–1.433, P = 0.012], weighted median method (OR = 1.171, 95% CI = 1.042–1.315, P = 0.008), and weighted mode (OR = 1.149, 95% CI = 1.002–1.317, P = 0.117), although the result of MR-Egger was not significant (OR = 0.950, 95% CI = 0.513–1.760, P = 0.880) with a wider confidence interval.ConclusionThe findings from our Mendelian randomization analysis suggest that the association between omega-3 fatty acid levels and MI is likely causal.