bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Morphology, Optical and Electronic Ac Conduction of the Olivine Manganite Compound: NaMnPO4
Authors: Miladi Leila , Gzaiel Malika Ben , Azaza Bilel , Oueslati Abderrazek , Naїli Houcine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe evolution of multifunctional materials is an outstanding research area, which aims to improve the versatility of materials according to their broad domains of usage. Focus interest was paid here to the orthophosphate compound, in particular, the olivine NaMnPO4 material. This compound was synthesized by a solid‐state method and investigated using numerous techniques. Primary room‐temperature structural analysis evidences the sample synthesized in the orthorhombic structure and its phase purity. The sample‘s average grain size was calculated to be around 420 nm. Further, the band gap for our material was found to be (Eg=4.4 eV) by optical analysis of UV‐visible spectroscopy, revealing that our compound is a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications. The electrical behavior study‘s main results confirm the ferroelectric character of the sample and support the aim of deepening the knowledge of the material according to its thermally stimulated conduction processes through impedance spectroscopy. Electrical studies revealed the dominant transport processes across various temperature and frequency ranges, leading to the NSPT model. The frequency dependency relates to frequency‐dispersive dielectric spectra, conduction mechanisms, and relaxation phenomena. The obtained results show perspective and suggest that the material under study has a wide range of potential electronic applications.
Clinical benefits of novel non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ma Shujing , Xie Xiaoxin , Fu Yanhua , Gan Lin , Yang Xiaoyan , Kong Linghong , Li Jun , Long Hai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe efficacy and safety of ainuovirine+lamivudine+tenofovir (ANV+3TC+TDF) and efavirenz+lamivudine+tenofovir (EFV+3TC+TDF) have been confirmed in previous clinical trials; however, there are no related studies on patient‐reported outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these 2 antiretroviral therapy regimens and to understand the patient's symptom experience and subjective experience of sleep quality through patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsThis is a single‐center prospective cohort study with 243 patients evaluated from October 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. Virological effectiveness and patient‐reported outcomes results were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the proportion of HIV viral load <50 copies/mL (virological suppression rate) at 48 weeks and the changes in the HIV symptom index and Pittsburgh sleep quality index.ResultsThe virological suppression rates in the ANV+3TC+TDF and EFV+3TC+TDF groups were 83.6% (102/122) and 87.6% (106/121), respectively, at 48 weeks. In the ANV+3TC+TDF group, the scores of HIV symptom index and pittsburgh sleep quality index in the 48th week were lower than the baseline level (p < 0.05). Logistic regression results showed that the baseline regimen EFV+3TC+TDF was a risk factor for dizziness/lightheadedness (odds ratio = 3.153, 95% confidence interval: 1.473–6.748, p = 0.003), sadness/depression odds ratio = 2.404, 95% confidence interval:1.188–4.871, p = 0.015), and difficulty sleeping (odds ratio = 2.802, 95% confidence interval: 1.437–5.463, p = 0.002) at 48 weeks.ConclusionsBoth regimens showed good virological effectiveness; however, compared with ANV+3TC+TDF, the EFV+3TC+TDF regimen reduced the prevalence of HIV‐related symptoms.
Relationship of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio with cerebral small vessel disease and its common imaging markers
Authors: Cai Jiangping , Zeng Xiaoyi , Huang Xiaojin , Dong Hansheng , Liu Junyi , Lin Jie , Xie Meirong , Wei Xiaolan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHigh neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor prognosis in ischemic stroke. However, the role of NLR in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is controversial. Herein, we evaluated the value of NLR in identifying CSVD and its relationship with the common imaging markers of CSVD.MethodsA total of 667 patients were enrolled in this study, including 368 in the CSVD group and 299 in the non‐CSVD group. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected. The relationship of NLR with CSVD and common imaging markers of CSVD were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictive value of NLR was assessed with the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsNLR (odds ratio [OR] = 1.929, 95% confidence interval [CI] =  1.599–2.327, p < .001) was an independent risk factor for CSVD. NLR was also independently associated with moderate to severe white matter hyperintensity (WMH) (OR = 2.136, 95% CI = 1.768–2.580, p < .001), moderate to severe periventricular WMH (OR = 2.138, 95% CI = 1.771–2.579, p < .001), and moderate to severe deep WMH (OR = 1.654, 95% CI = 1.438–1.902, p < .001), moderately to severely enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) (OR = 1.248, 95% CI = 1.110–1.402, p < .001), moderately to severely EPVS in the basal ganglia (OR = 1.136, 95% CI = 1.012–1.275, p = .030), and moderately to severely EPVS in the centrum semiovale (OR = 1.140, 95% CI = 1.027–1.266, p = .014). However, NLR was not statistically significantly associated with lacune. The optimal cutoff point of NLR in predicting CSVD was 2.47, with sensitivity and specificity of 84.2% and 66.9%, respectively (p < .01). The diagnostic effect was maximized when NLR was combined with other risk factors.ConclusionsNLR is an independent risk factor for CSVD and is independently associated with common imaging markers of CSVD. NLR may serve as a valid and convenient biomarker for assessing CSVD.
Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir combination against COVID‐19 caused by omicron BA.2.2 in the elderly: A single‐center large observational study
Authors: Chen Can , Li Ranyi , Xing Shuliang , Cao Lei , Qu Yue , Lv Qianzhou , Li Xiaoyu , Chen Zhangzhang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSince coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) swept the world, a variety of novel therapeutic and prevention strategies have been developed, among which nirmatrelvir–ritonavir is highly recommended. We intended to assess the effectiveness and safety of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in the elderly mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 population caused by the omicron BA.2.2 variant in real‐world settings.MethodsAn observational study was conducted retrospectively to review the outcomes of mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 patients admitted between April 26 and June 30, 2022. Patients' baseline characteristics were collected and assessed. Participants in the intervention group were administered nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in addition to standard care, whereas those in the control group only received standard care. The primary outcome was the duration between the initial positive reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test and the subsequent conversion to a negative result.ResultsThe analysis included 324 patients who were administered nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and an equal number of control patients. The patient characteristics in both groups were evenly matched. The average duration from the initial positive RT‐PCR to negative conversion was similar in both groups (16.2 ± 5.0 vs. 16.1 ± 6.3 days, p = .83). Control patients exhibited slower conversion in comparison to patients who received nirmatrelvir–ritonavir treatment within 10 days of symptom onset.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that administering nirmatrelvir–ritonavir within 10 days of symptom onset could potentially reduce the time it takes for SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients to negative RT‐PCR results, thereby expanding the current usage guidelines for nirmatrelvir–ritonavir.
LINC01686 affects LPS‐induced cytokine expression via the miR‐18a‐5p/A20/STAT1 axis in THP‐1 cells
Authors: Baek Jongwon , Shin Hyeung‐Seob , Suk Kyoungho , Lee Won‐Ha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in regulating various physiological and pathological processes, including immune responses. LINC01686 is a lncRNA with previously uncharacterized functions in immune regulation. This study aims to investigate the function of LINC01686 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammatory responses in the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP‐1 and its potential regulatory mechanisms involving miR‐18a‐5p and the anti‐inflammatory protein A20.MethodTHP‐1 cells were stimulated with LPS to induce inflammatory responses, followed by analysis of LINC01686 expression levels. The role of LINC01686 in regulating the expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, A20, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) was examined using small interfering RNA‐mediated knockdown. Additionally, the involvement of miR‐18a‐5p in LINC01686‐mediated regulatory pathways was assessed by transfection with decoy RNAs mimicking the miR‐18a‐5p binding sites of LINC01686 or A20 messenger RNA.ResultsLINC01686 expression was upregulated in THP‐1 cells following LPS stimulation. Suppression of LINC01686 enhanced LPS‐induced expression of IL‐6 and IL‐8, mediated through increased production of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, LINC01686 knockdown upregulated the expression and activation of IκB‐ζ, STAT1, and downregulated A20 expression. Transfection with decoy RNAs reversed the effects of LINC01686 suppression on A20, STAT1, IL‐6, and IL‐8 expression, highlighting the role of LINC01686 in sponging miR‐18a‐5p and regulating A20 expression.ConclusionThis study provides the first evidence that LINC01686 plays a critical role in modulating LPS‐induced inflammatory responses in THP‐1 cells by sponging miR‐18a‐5p, thereby regulating the expression and activation of A20 and STAT1. These findings shed light on the complex regulatory mechanisms involving lncRNAs in immune responses and offer potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.
Blood MALT1 expression could help predict treatment outcomes in psoriasis patients, especially in those receiving biologics
Authors: Liu Qiaoli , Zhang Yanfeng , Xu Bing , Jin Xiaobo , Yang Tao , Fan Leiqiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) modulates T helper cell differentiation, pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, and epidermal hyperplasia to participate in the pathology of psoriasis. This study aimed to explore the correlation of blood MALT1 with treatment outcomes in psoriasis patients.MethodsMALT1 was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction in 210 psoriasis patients before starting or converting to a new therapy, 50 disease controls, and 50 healthy controls. The psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score was evaluated at month (M)1, M3, and M6 in psoriasis patients.ResultsMALT1 was increased in psoriasis patients versus disease controls and healthy controls (both p < .001); and positively related to body mass index (p = .019) and PASI score (p < .001) in psoriasis patients. PASI75 rate at M1, M3, and M6 was 22.9%, 46.2%, and 71.0%, respectively; while PASI90 rate at M1, M3, and M6 was 3.8%, 29.0%, and 50.5%, respectively, in psoriasis patients. PASI75/90 rates at M1, M3, and M6 were increased in psoriasis patients receiving biologics versus those without (all p < .05). Pretreatment MALT1 was higher in psoriasis patients who achieved PASI75 (p = .001) and PASI90 (p < .001) at M6 compared to those who did not achieve that. Subgroup analyses discovered that pretreatment MALT1 had a stronger ability to predict PASI75 and 90 realizations in psoriasis patients receiving biologics (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.723 and 0.808) versus those without (AUC: 0.594 and 0.675).ConclusionBlood MALT1 measurement may assist in predicting outcomes in psoriasis patients, especially in those receiving biologics.
CXCL4/CXCR3 axis regulates cardiac fibrosis by activating TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 signaling in mouse viral myocarditis
Authors: Wei Jing , Wang Dan‐feng , Cui Cong‐cong , Tan Jia‐jia , Peng Ming‐yu , Lu Hong‐xiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevere myocarditis is often accompanied by cardiac fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. CXCL4 is a chemokine that has been reported to have pro‐inflammatory and profibrotic functions. The exact role of CXCL4 in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear.MethodsViral myocarditis (VMC) models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of Coxsackie B Type 3 (CVB3). In vivo, CVB3 (100 TCID50) and CVB3‐AMG487 (CVB3: 100 TCID50; AMG487: 5 mg/kg) combination were administered in the VMC and VMC+AMG487 groups, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, severity score, Masson staining, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to measure myocardial morphology in VMC. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were performed to quantify inflammatory factors (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and CXCL4). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase‐myocardial band (CK‐MB) levels were analyzed by commercial kits. CXCL4, CXCR3B, α‐SMA, TGF‐β1, Collagen I, and Collagen III were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsIn vivo, CVB3‐AMG487 reduced cardiac injury, α‐SMA, Collagen I and Collagen III levels, and collagen deposition in VMC+AMG487 group. Additionally, compared with VMC group, VMC+AMG group decreased the levels of inflammatory factors (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α). In vitro, CXCL4/CXCR3B axis activation TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 pathway promote mice cardiac fibroblasts differentiation.ConclusionCXCL4 acts as a profibrotic factor in TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 pathway‐induced cardiac fibroblast activation and ECM synthesis, and eventually progresses to cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, our findings revealed the role of CXCL4 in VMC and unveiled its underlying mechanism. CXCL4 appears to be a potential target for the treatment of VMC.
Correlation of clinical, laboratory, and short‐term outcomes of immunocompromised and immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients with semi‐quantitative chest CT score findings: A case‐control study
Authors: Ghadery Abdolkarim Haji , Abbasian Ladan , Jafari Fatemeh , Yazdi Niloofar Ayoobi , Ahmadinejad Zahra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs the effects of immunosuppression are not still clear on COVID‐19 patients, we conducted this study to identify clinical and laboratory findings associated with pulmonary involvement in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.MethodsA case‐control of 107 immunocompromised and 107 immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients matched for age and sex with either positive RT‐PCR or clinical‐radiological findings suggestive of COVID‐19 enrolled in the study. Their initial clinical features, laboratory findings, chest CT scans, and short‐term outcomes (hospitalization time and intensive care unit [ICU] admission) were recorded. In addition, pulmonary involvement was assessed with the semi‐quantitative scoring system (0−25).ResultsPulmonary involvement was significantly lower in immunocompromised patients in contrast to immunocompetent patients, especially in RLL (p = 0.001), LUL (p = 0.023), and both central and peripheral (p = 0.002), and peribronchovascular (p = 0.004) sites of lungs. Patchy (p < 0.001), wedged (p = 0.002), confluent (p = 0.002) lesions, and ground glass with consolidation pattern (p < 0.001) were significantly higher among immunocompetent patients. Initial signs and symptoms of immunocompromised patients including dyspnea (p = 0.008) and hemoptysis (p = 0.036), respiratory rate of over 25 (p < 0.001), and spo2 of below 93% (p = 0.01) were associated with higher pulmonary involvement. Total chest CT score was also associated with longer hospitalization (p = 0.016) and ICU admission (p = 0.04) among immunocompromised patients.ConclusionsPulmonary involvement score was not significantly different among immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Initial clinical findings (dyspnea, hemoptysis, higher RR, and lower Spo2) of immunocompromised patients could better predict pulmonary involvement than laboratory findings.
Coexistence of ankylosing spondylitis and Behçet's disease: Successful treatment with upadacitinib
Authors: Kraev Krasimir , Uchikov Petar , Hristov Bozhidar , Kraeva Maria , Basheva‐Kraeva Yordanka , Popova‐Belova Stanislava , Sandeva Milena , Chakarov Dzhevdet , Dragusheva Snezhanka , Geneva‐Popova Mariela 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) and Behçet's disease (BD) are distinct inflammatory disorders, but their coexistence is a rare clinical entity. This case sheds light on managing this complex scenario with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors.Case PresentationA 42‐year‐old woman presented with a decade‐long history of lower back pain, nocturnal spinal discomfort, recurrent eye issues, oral and genital ulcers, hearing loss, pus formation in the left eye, and abdominal pain. Multidisciplinary consultations and diagnostic tests confirmed AS (HLA‐B27 positivity and sacroiliitis) and BD (HLA‐B51). Elevated acute‐phase markers were observed.ConclusionThis case fulfills diagnostic criteria for both AS and BD, emphasizing their coexistence. Notably, treatment with upadacitinib exhibited promising efficacy, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic option in patients with contraindications for conventional treatments. Our findings illuminate the intricate management of patients presenting with these two diverse systemic conditions and advocate for further exploration of JAK inhibitors in similar cases.
SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR cycle threshold value at admission might not be a good predictor of in‐hospital COVID‐19‐associated AKI
Authors: Rahimipour Anaraki Shiva , Mohammadian Ali , Mostaghimi Talieh , Sadeghi Farzin , Akbari Roghayeh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, and a predictor of disease severity and mortality; furthermore, a prompt diagnosis and treatment of this complication may enhance COVID‐19 prognosis. Therefore, we aim to investigate potential risk factors for SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated AKI, including SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR cycle threshold value (CT value), which correlation with AKI is conflicting.MethodsThis case–control study included 110 hospitalized patients with SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated AKI as cases and 110 random SARS‐CoV‐2 hospitalized patients as controls. Reverse transcription real‐time PCR of admission nasopharyngeal swabs evaluated E gene cycle thresholds. Additional clinical and paraclinical information extracted from medical records. The patient's status at discharge, and 14 and 30 days after discharge. Therefore, after adjusting for age and gender, the correlation between variables was assessed.ResultsSARS‐CoV‐2 AKI is significantly associated with age above 60, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, and underlying kidney diseases. Abnormal admission hemoglobin or alkaline phosphatase, proteinuria or hematuria in urine sediment, and abnormal creatinine during hospitalization were the paraclinical features correlated to SARS‐CoV‐2 AKI. AKI group demonstrated greater in‐hospital, 14‐ and 30‐day mortality. Nevertheless, this study did not evidence a correlation between the admission CT value and mortality or AKI.ConclusionAdmission CT values provide limited information regarding the dynamic viral load and varying hospitalization time points; thus, they may not be reliable for predicting the prognosis and complications of COVID‐19 in all populations. Further studies with serial CT measurements or symptom onset time adjustment are recommended.
Fiber–Chip–Fiber Mode/Polarization/Wavelength Transmission and Processing with Few‐Mode Fiber, (de)Multiplexing SiO2 Chip and ROADM Si Chip
Authors: Li Kang , Cai Chengkun , Cao Xiaoping , Yang Min , Yan Guofeng , Wan Yuanjian , Wu Guangze , Wang Kangrui , Wang Jian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe emergence of optical communications has opened up new perspectives for high‐capacity data transmission and signal processing, to meet the demand of the increasing data traffic. Despite significant progress in multi‐dimensional multiplexing for capacity scaling in fiber–optic communications or photonic networks‐on‐chip, achieving high‐capacity data transmission and signal processing in an entire fiber–chip–fiber system remains a great challenge. This challenge is attributed to the lack of effective multi‐dimensional coupling between fiber and chip. Here, the 3D (de)multiplexing SiO2 chip inscribed by femtosecond laser direct writing is proposed to achieve the multi‐dimensional coupling between the few‐mode fiber (FMF) transmission link and the silicon processing network. Combined with the 2D silicon chip fabricated by a standard lithography process, a multi‐dimensional fiber–chip–fiber communication system designed to transmit and process the hybrid wavelength‐, mode‐ and polarization‐division multiplexing signals in FMF is constructed. The silicon chip integrates Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switches and arrayed‐waveguide gratings (AWGs) to serve as a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM). As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, a 96‐channel FMF–chip–FMF communication system with a data transmission capacity of 4.032 Tbit s−1, achieving a bit‐error ratio (BER) of less than 3.8 × 10−3, is successfully implemented.
Research on the influence of digitalization on competitive advantage of manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Zhang Yimeng , Pang Jianing , Li Huimingmei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the current era of rapid digital development, the digital transformation of manufacturing has gradually become an inevitable trend in industry development, and the in‐depth study of the relationship between digitalization and competitive advantage has become an important topic in the field of management science. Based on data from Chinese‐listed manufacturing companies from 2012 to 2021, this paper uses empirical analysis to show that digitalization can effectively enhance the low‐cost competitive advantage and differentiation competitive advantage of manufacturing companies, with organizational slack and environmental uncertainty playing a moderating role in this process. The study also delves into the heterogeneity among firms of different scales, ownership characteristics, and life cycles. This research helps to examine the actual effectiveness of manufacturing companies in the process of digital transformation, while also providing a theoretical basis for how manufacturing companies can better acquire and maintain competitive advantages in the process of digitalization.
Basic Science in Movement Disorders: Fueling the Engine of Translation into Clinical Practice
Authors: Outeiro Tiago F. , Kalia Lorraine V. , Bezard Erwan , Ferrario Juan , Lin Chin‐Hsien , Salama Mohamed , Standaert David G. , Taiwo Lolade , Takahashi Ryosuke , Vila Miquel , Mollenhauer Brit , Svenningsson Per ,   The MDS Basic Science Special Interest Group Steering Committee
Published: April 2024

AbstractBasic Science is crucial for the advancement of clinical care for Movement Disorders. Here, we provide brief updates on how basic science is important for understanding disease mechanisms, disease prevention, disease diagnosis, development of novel therapies and to establish the basis for personalized medicine. We conclude the viewpoint by a call to action to further improve interactions between clinician and basic scientists. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.