bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Architecture Underlying Response to the Fungal Pathogen Dothistroma septosporum in Lodgepole Pine, Jack Pine, and Their Hybrids
Authors: Lu Mengmeng , Feau Nicolas , Lind Brandon , Obreht Vidakovic Dragana , Singh Pooja , Aitken Sally N. , Hamelin Richard C. , Yeaman Sam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, Dothistroma needle blight (DNB), a pine tree disease caused by the fungal pathogen Dothistroma septosporum, has severely damaged lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex. Loud.) in British Columbia, Canada, and raised health concerns for jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). The pathogen has already shown signs of host shift eastward to the hybrid populations between lodgepole pine and jack pine (Pinus contorta × P. banksiana), and possibly into pure jack pine. However, we have little knowledge about mechanisms of resistance to D. septosporum, especially the underlying genetic basis of variation in pines. In this study, we conducted controlled inoculations to induce infection by D. septosporum and performed a genome‐wide case–control association study with pooled sequencing (pool‐seq) data to dissect the genetic architecture underlying response in lodgepole pine, jack pine, and their hybrids. We identified candidate genes associated with D. septosporum response in lodgepole pine and in hybrid samples. We also assessed genetic structure in hybrid populations and inferred how introgression may affect the distribution of genetic variation involved in D. septosporum response in the studied samples. These results can be used to develop genomic tools to evaluate DNB risk, guide forest management strategies, and potentially select for resistant genotypes.
A Novel Approach to Fire Detection With Enhanced Target Localisation and Recognition
Authors: Zou Le , Sun Qiang , Jiang Fengling , Wu Zhize , Sun Lingma , Wang Xiaofeng , Gogate Mandar , Dashtipour Kia , Hussain Amir 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTReal‐time monitoring of fires is crucial for safeguarding lives and property. However, current fire detection methods still suffer from issues such as redundant feature information, poor network generalisation capabilities and low perception of target location information. To address these challenges, a novel fire detection method called YOLO‐FDI has been proposed. This method utilises partial convolution and coordinate convolution with attention mechanisms and Alpha loss at different stages. Specifically, to enhance target localisation accuracy, an attention mechanism is integrated into the model to autonomously focus on fire‐affected areas. In terms of feature extraction, partial convolution is employed to reduce computational redundancy and memory access, improving performance and effectively extracting spatial features. During the feature fusion stage, coordinate convolution embeds feature information into coordinate data, further enhancing the coordinate perception capabilities of pixels on the feature map, thereby improving adaptability and accuracy in detecting fire targets. Additionally, the model utilises Alpha loss to enhance flexibility and robustness in fire object detection and recognition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model based on three self‐constructed datasets. Compared to the baseline YOLOv7 model, its mAP has improved by 4.5 percentage points, 1.7 percentage points and 2.6 percentage points, respectively. This method demonstrates the capability to accurately represent fire targets and exhibits better stability and reliability in fire target detection, effectively reducing false positives and missed detections.
Study on preparation of silica nanospheres by oxidation of micron silicon powder
Authors: Meng Yunlong , Yang Jinguang , Wu Ping , Xie Yifan , Zhang Shiping , Wang Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe oxidation of molten silicon powder in a high‐temperature suspension phase represents a promising technique for the continuous production of spherical silica. However, the agglomeration of silicon powder at high temperatures increases particle size and reduces reactant surface area, ultimately slowing the oxidation rate and disrupting the suspension state, leading to failed silica preparation. To address these issues, a pre‐oxidation step was implemented, whereby an oxide layer was created on the silicon powder. This was done to prevent molten silicon from agglomerating. This paper investigates the effect of pre‐oxidation time and melting temperature on the generation of spherical silica using a static suspension method. The 5 µm average‐sized silicon powder underwent pre‐oxidation at 1300°C for 30 min, followed by oxidation at the silicon's melting point. This resulted in amorphous spherical silica, ranging from 200 to 400 nm. Pre‐oxidation results in a Si@SiO2 core–shell structure, which effectively prevents molten silicon agglomeration and significantly enhances particle oxidation rates. These findings lay the foundation for scaled‐up production of spherical silica using the airflow suspension method.
Multimodal self‐calibrating photothermal window utilizing transparent Pr3+–Er3+ co‐doped Y2Zr2O7 ceramics
Authors: Guan Mengqiu , Han Wenhan , Lu Kailei , Xie Yuhong , Li Zijie , Ye Yucheng , Wang Guixin , Qi Jianqi , Lu Tiecheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn response to the urgent demand for windows with multi‐mode self‐calibrated temperature feedback operating over a wide range in extreme environments, herein, Pr3+–Er3+ co‐doped Y2Zr2O7 (YZO) transparent ceramics were developed. After annealing treatment to remove defects, these ceramics exhibit high transparency and temperature‐dependent wide‐range photoluminescence, in which the in‐line transmittance is up to 77.8% at 760 nm (theoretical limit is 78%), and the luminescence band spans blue to red. Furthermore, based on the luminescence intensity ratio technology, a multi‐mode temperature sensing window using highly transparent YZO:Pr/Er ceramics was designed. The developed photothermal window shows relatively high sensitivity, in which absolute sensitivity (Sa) and relative sensitivity (Sr) reached 0.0105 K−1 at 363 K and 1.295% K−1 at 301 K, respectively. The developed thermometer could provide a reference for self‐calibrated thermometer window, and its wide spectral operating range ensures the reliability of temperature measurement, which has the potential to be used in some extreme conditions.
Associations Between COVID‐19 Vaccination Status and Persistent Symptoms: A Prospective Study of Reproductive‐Age Women
Authors: Caglayan Ilkin Seda Can , Demirel Gulbahtiyar , Can Ceren Eda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe present study was conducted to determine the relationship between prolonged complaints of women who had COVID‐19 infection and whose symptoms persisted and their vaccination status against COVID‐19.MethodsThis prospective observational study consisted of three groups [The Unvaccinated Group (Control Group: 89), the BioNTech Vaccine Group (114 people), and the Sinovac Vaccine Group (84 people)]. In this study, which included 287 women, prolonged COVID‐19 symptoms in their spouses were also questioned. Information was obtained from the participants in the form of questions and answers under outpatient clinical conditions 2 months after their recovery. Women between the ages of 18–45 who had regular menstrual periods in the last 6 months before the pandemic, those whose COVID‐19 test was negative and those who received a single dose of vaccine in the vaccinated group were included in the study.ResultsThe rates of loss of taste and prolonged symptoms of high fever in Sinovac‐vaccinated participants were lower than in the other groups in the present study (p < 0.05). A total of 40.5% of those who were vaccinated with Sinovac after COVID‐19 had a menstrual cycle length of every 28–40 days, which was higher than the percentage of participants in other groups, and 40.5% of those in this group did not have menstrual pain. Additionally, the menstrual period length of 62.3% of the participants who received the BioNTech vaccine increased (p < 0.05). This increase is higher than the participants in the other group.ConclusionThe study indicated that certain prolonged symptoms of COVID‐19 infection were less common among participants vaccinated with Sinovac. In this group, the menstrual cycle length increased, while menstrual pain decreased.
Overcoming the Utopian Perspectives on Health: Health Must Also Include States of Unwell‐Being
Authors: Leonardi Fabio 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEquating health with complete physical, mental and social well‐being, as defined by the WHO, has played an important role in the development of healthcare systems in Western countries. However, this definition has contributed to the rise of the myth of well‐being, increasing the demand on healthcare systems and raising the risk of medicalizing all aspects of life. Additionally, equating health with complete well‐being is conceptually flawed for two important reasons.AimThe aim of this article is to move beyond this utopian vision, which has led to negative consequences for both individual health and the sustainability of healthcare systems.MethodsThis article analyses the most relevant definitions of health proposed in the scientific literature over the last 50 years.FindingsThere have been some attempts within the WHO itself to reduce the utopian content of its definition, but these efforts have not yielded significant results. Outside the WHO, many different proposals have emerged, including those that incorporate malaise into the concept of health. Nevertheless, none of the definitions proposed in the last 50 years have achieved widespread consensus.Discussion and Implications for PracticeWhile there are various approaches to defining health, the crucial issue is that each definition should include states of unwell‐being. Incorporating this perspective would represent a paradigm shift in the field of health, fostering more realistic expectations and reducing the risk of medicalization.
Evolutionary Trends and Research Focal Points on Port Wine Stains: A Scientometric and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Su Zheren , Chen Xuanfeng , Zhang Rui , Li Jing , Zhou Zifu , Bi Jianhai , Huo Ran 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite numerous studies over the past two decades, clinical treatment for port wine stains (PWS) has shown limited progress. Analyzing evolutionary trends and research focal points can illuminate current deficiencies and guide future investigations. We aim to conduct a scientometric analysis and meta‐analysis to uncover the historical trajectory, research hotspots, and future directions of PWS.MethodsWe conducted a scientometric analysis of articles related to PWS published between 2000 and 2023. Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and analyzed using R software, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Furthermore, we retrieved articles reporting therapeutic clearance rates for PWS from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane search engines. A meta‐analysis was performed using Stata/MP to assess whether treatment outcomes for PWS have improved in the 21st century.ResultsThe annual scientific output was stable from 2000 to 2023. The top three countries in terms of document production were the United States, China, and the United Kingdom. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) were the two primary modalities used in the treatment of PWS. A notable difference exists in the preference for these treatment modalities between China and Western countries. The meta‐analysis shows improvement in treatment outcomes for PWS from 2000 to 2023.ConclusionsAlthough limited, treatment outcomes for PWS have shown improvement in the 21st century. However, there is a critical need for research directions that could revolutionize current treatment practices. Genetic discoveries have suggested promising therapeutic targets for potential breakthroughs in the future.
Vascular Remodeling in Rosacea: A Study on Microcirculatory Insights Using Oral Capillaroscopy
Authors: Demirbas Abdullah , Demirbas Gozde Ulutaş , Diremsizoglu Esin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasia, and papules. Although clinical assessment is essential for diagnosis, objective criteria for evaluating severity are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rosacea severity, disease duration, and associated microvascular changes through oral mucosal capillaroscopy.MethodsThis cross‐sectional case–control study included patients with rosacea and healthy controls. Oral capillaroscopy was performed to evaluate capillary morphology, analyzing parameters such as capillary arrangement (regular or irregular), presence of dot vessels, microhemorrhages, glomerular vessels, megacapillaries, tortuous vessels, areas of discoloration, and hyperkeratosis.ResultsA total of 100 patients diagnosed with rosacea and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. Oral capillaroscopic findings revealed significantly higher rates of family history of rosacea and tortuous capillaries in the patient group. Patients with microhemorrhages exhibited a longer disease duration. No significant differences in tortuous capillary positivity were found between the papulopustular and erythematotelangiectatic subtypes; however, phymatous rosacea demonstrated no positive findings. Additionally, moderate‐severity patients had lower rates of microhemorrhage positivity, whereas the presence of tortuous capillaries increased with severity.ConclusionOral mucosal capillaroscopy is a valuable tool for assessing microvascular damage in rosacea and may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for effective management.
A dual cognitive pathway model of leadership influence on creativity
Authors: Chen Tingting , Huang Xu , Li Fuli , Wong Yin Yee , Gröschke Daniela 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDrawing on a dual cognitive pathway model of creativity, we propose that transformational leadership and directive‐achieving leadership induce employees' cognitive flexibility and cognitive persistence, respectively. These two cognitive processes differentially mediate the leadership–creativity relationship. Study 1 provides support for the mediation hypotheses, based on a sample of 189 Chinese and 138 Anglo‐Australian employee–peer dyads in a retail setting. Study 2, with a sample of 244 employees and their leaders from 66 research‐and‐development project teams, also tests the moderating effects of project stage. The findings show that transformational leadership has a stronger positive effect on cognitive flexibility in the early stage of a project, while directive‐achieving leadership has a stronger positive effect on cognitive persistence in the later stage. Cognitive flexibility and cognitive persistence, in turn, are associated with individual creativity. This research provides important implications for how and when different leadership approaches promote creativity.
Extracellular Vesicles From Dental Pulp Cells Promote Osteogenic Differentiation in Periodontal Ligament Cells
Authors: Li Yuwang , Li Fenglan , Liu Haitao , Li Limei , Hao Jie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimPeriodontal osseous defects are mainly caused by periodontitis, which seriously affects the quality of patient life. Dental pulp cells (DpCs)‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can effectively promote tissue regeneration. Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) mRNA is abundant in EVs derived from DSCs, which may be related to promoting alveolar bone regeneration, but the specific mechanism is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism through which HOXA9 from DPCs‐derived EVs can impact the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs).MethodsDPCs‐derived EVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was employed to induce the inflammatory environment. Cell viability was assessed by CCK8 assay. Calcium deposition was determined by Alizarin red staining. H3K27ac enrichment in the FLI1 enhancer region and the interaction between C/EBPα, HOXA9, and FLI1 were analyzed by ChIP assay. The interaction between HOXA9 and FLI1 enhancer in 293T cells was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.ResultsDPCs‐derived EVs promoted PDLC osteogenesis under LPS treatment and increased HOXA9 expression in PDLCs. HOXA9 knockdown in DPCs reversed the promoting effect of DPCs‐derived EVs on PDLC osteogenic differentiation. HOXA9 from DPCs‐derived EVs promoted H3K27ac enrichment in the FLI1 enhancer region by facilitating HOXA9 competitively binding FLI1 enhancer region with C/EBPα. Moreover, HOXA9 from DPCs‐derived EVs promoted PDLC osteogenesis by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway through upregulating FLI1.ConclusionHOXA9 from DPCs‐derived EVs promoted PDLC osteogenic differentiation by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway through promoting H3K27ac enrichment in the FLI1 enhancer region and upregulating FLI1. Our study identified a previously unknown mechanism that HOXA9/FLI1 signaling axis participates in the processes of EVs derived from DPCs to treat bone tissue injury.Our research presents a theoretical basis for using EVs derived from DPCs to treat bone tissue injury.
Institutional Capacity and Practices for Maternal Anemia in China
Authors: Liu Lijun , Di Jiangli , Huang Xiaona , Yang Yuning , Narayan Anuradha , Chen Sidi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn China, a range of anemia prevention and treatment measures have been developed and implemented in recent decades. These measures provide a regulatory basis for implementing standardized maternal anemia prevention and treatment services in China. However, little is known about the adoption of these interventions by health professionals, the capacity of health facilities to screen for iron deficiency and anemia, or the level of compliance among pregnant and lactating women (PLW). Thus, this study explored the alignment between maternal anemia prevention and control services provided and generated evidence for potential policy and program revisions and updates. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted between November 2019 and January 2020. A total of 11 counties from 6 provinces across eastern, central and western regions of China were selected for the survey. In the surveyed sites, a total of 42 health institutions were enrolled in the survey, and a total of 201 health providers and 1714 PLW were enrolled in the suervey and completed the questionnaires. The results of this study showed that iron supplements containing 30 and 60 mg of iron were available in one third of the health facilities surveyed. All obstetricians reported ordering the Hb test for pregnant women receiving antenatal care (ANC) services, and 87.6% ordered the ferritin test. The proportion of obstetricians who ordered the ferritin test at the township level facilities (79.4%) was significantly lower than that at the provincial (100%), prefectural (87.5%) and county (87.1%) level facilities (p < 0.05). Around 89.6% and 90.5% of obstetricians prescribed iron to pregnant women when they were diagnosed with anemia and ID, respectively. 41.3% of obstetricians advised women to take preventive iron throughout their pregnancy. The proportion of obstetricians from township level hospitals that advised women to take preventative iron throughout their pregnancy (61.5%) was significantly lower than that from provincial facilities (23.5%) (p < 0.05). A total of 95.2% and 47.9% of PLW reported receiving the Hb test and the serum ferritin test during their pregnancy, respectively. There are some barriers and bottlenecks in the effective implementation of anemia intervention measures for pregnant women in China. Therefore, to achieve international and national targets on further reducing maternal anemia prevalence, comprehensive actions need to be taken.
Genomic Biosurveillance of the Kiwifruit Pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Biovar 3 Reveals Adaptation to Selective Pressures in New Zealand Orchards
Authors: Hemara Lauren M. , Hoyte Stephen M. , Arshed Saadiah , Schipper Magan M. , Wood Peter N. , Marshall Sergio L. , Andersen Mark T. , Patterson Haileigh R. , Vanneste Joel L. , Peacock Linda , Jayaraman Jay , Templeton Matthew D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the late 2000s, a pandemic of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3) devastated kiwifruit orchards growing susceptible, yellow‐fleshed cultivars. New Zealand's kiwifruit industry has since recovered, following the deployment of the tolerant cultivar 'Zesy002'. However, little is known about the extent to which the Psa population is evolving since its arrival. Over 500 Psa3 isolates from New Zealand kiwifruit orchards were sequenced between 2010 and 2022, from commercial monocultures and diverse germplasm collections. While effector loss was previously observed on Psa‐resistant germplasm vines, effector loss appears to be rare in commercial orchards, where the dominant cultivars lack Psa resistance. However, a new Psa3 variant, which has lost the effector hopF1c, has arisen. The loss of hopF1c appears to have been mediated by the movement of integrative conjugative elements introducing copper resistance into this population. Following this variant's identification, in‐planta pathogenicity and competitive fitness assays were performed to better understand the risk and likelihood of its spread. While hopF1c loss variants had similar in‐planta growth to wild‐type Psa3, a lab‐generated ∆hopF1c strain could outcompete the wild type on select hosts. Further surveillance was conducted in commercial orchards where these variants were originally isolated, with 6.6% of surveyed isolates identified as hopF1c loss variants. These findings suggest that the spread of these variants is currently limited, and they are unlikely to cause more severe symptoms than the current population. Ongoing genome biosurveillance of New Zealand's Psa3 population is recommended to enable early detection and management of variants of interest.
Factors Associated With Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Aoyama Satoko , Haruna Megumi , Yonezawa Kaori , Tahara‐Sasagawa Emi , Usui Yuriko , Ohori Riko , Tanaka Moeko , Fujita Megumi , Matsuzaki Masayo , Suetsugu Yoshiko , Sato Yoko , Takeuchi Ayano 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTInadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with birth weight and premature birth and is a primary problem in Asia, particularly in Japan. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with inadequate GWG, focusing on women's target GWG and advised GWG by healthcare professionals. A questionnaire for women in their second trimester inquired about their target GWG and advice regarding GWG by healthcare professionals. Of the 626 participants, 52.6% were classified in the inadequate GWG group. Inadequate GWG was associated with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 and weight below the prepregnancy weight in the second trimester. Among the multiparas, inadequate GWG was associated with an individual target GWG below the guideline, with no advice from healthcare professionals, and with an advised GWG below the guideline. Among the primiparas, there were no significant differences in the individual targets or advised GWG. Healthcare professionals must understand the latest guidelines regarding GWG and apply them when advising women. The importance of preconception care in achieving a BMI of at least 18.5 kg/m2 before pregnancy is also suggested.