bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise Temporal da Prevalência da Obesidade e do Sobrepeso no Brasil entre 2006 e 2023: Evidências a partir dos dados do Vigitel
Authors: Migowski Arn , Tavares Lameiro da Costa Gustavo 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O excesso de peso é importante fator de risco para aumento de morbidade e mortalidade numa população, sendo considerado como a segunda maior causa de morte evitável, ficando atrás apenas do tabagismo. O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever a série histórica de prevalência de sobrepeso e de obesidade no Brasil entre 2006 e 2023, tanto no geral, quanto estratificado por sexo, faixas etárias e Unidades da Federação. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: As fontes de dados utilizadas foram todas as edições do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel). As análises foram realizadas no programa estatístico SAS on demand. RESULTADOS: Considerando o conjunto de todas as capitais estudadas, entre 2010 e 2011 a proporção de indivíduos com excesso de peso passou a ser semelhante à proporção de indivíduos com peso normal nas capitais brasileiras e a partir de 2012 a mesma superou a proporção de indivíduos com peso normal. E por fim, nos resultados de 2023 para o Brasil como um todo, pela primeira vez a proporção de indivíduos com sobrepeso ultrapassou a daqueles com peso normal. CONCLUSÕES: A presente análise da série histórica do inquérito Vigitel mostra um cenário preocupante nas capitais brasileiras com um aumento progressivo da proporção de obesidade e de sobrepeso e diminuição de peso normal, bem como a velocidade que estas proporções estão se alterando no tempo. Embora haja variações em cada capital, o cenário geral é semelhante.
PENGARUH INTENSITAS MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN TERHADAP KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN HUBBUL QUR’AN DIWEK JOMBANG
Authors: AB M. Jalal , Arifin Hasan Zaenal , Uje Jumari 
Published: March 2024

This study aims determine the influence of the intensity of reading the Qur'an on the spiritual intelligence of students of the Hubbul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School in Diwek Jombang. This research was conducted from March 26 to April 7, 2023, at the Hubbul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School in Diwek Jombang. The type of research used in this study is facto-experimental research aimed at finding causes that allow changes behavior, symptoms, or phenomena caused by an event, behavior, or things that cause changes in the independent variable as a whole to occur.The results showed that the intensity of reading the Qur'an affected the spiritual intelligence of Hubbul Qur'an students in Jombang. This is evidenced based on the calculation results of the SPSS output above, which show that the value of the correlation coefficient between the intensity of reading the Qur'an and spiritual intelligence is rcalculate = 0.558, while Rtabel = 0.254. Because rcalculate is greater than Rtabel, this means that the two variables have a level of relationship. In the Sig. (2-tailed) column of 0.000 < 0.05, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that the that there is a positive and significant relationship between the intensity of reading the Qur'an and the spiritual intelligence of students of Hubbul Qur'an Islamic Boarding School Diwek Jombang by 31.2%, while the remaining 68.8% is caused by other factors.
PENGARUH RASIO AMPAS TAHU TERHADAP KUALITAS PRODUK PAKAN IKAN NILA
Authors: Falah Muhammad Nur Abror , Sa’diyah Khalimatus 
Published: March 2024

Ikan nila merupakan komoditas ikan air tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi di Indonesia dan memiliki prospek usaha yang menjanjikan. Salah satu kendala penting dalam memproduksi ikan nila adalah tingginya harga pakan yang masih mengandalkan pasokan dari luar negeri. Alternatif bahan utama untuk pakan ikan nila yang ekonomis adalah ampas tahu dengan kandungan protein >20%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rasio ampas tahu terhadap kualitas produk pakan ikan nila sesuai dengan SNI 01-7242-2006 tentang pakan buatan untuk ikan nila Oreochromis sp. pada budidaya intensif. Metode pembuatan pakan ikan nila dilakukan dengan mencampur ampas tahu dengan variasi rasio 50%, 60%, 70%, dan 80%, dengan tepung ikan, tepung jagung, dedak halus, dan vitamin mix. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, menunjukkan bahwa formulasi terbaik produk pakan ikan nila yaitu pada rasio penambahan ampas tahu sebesar 50% dari berat campuran. Hasil dari formulasi terbaik tersebut yaitu kadar air sebesar 4,49%, kadar abu sebesar 14,44%, kadar lemak total sebesar 15,47%, dan kadar serat kasar sebesar 2,32%. Hasil tersebut telah memenuhi SNI 01-7242-2006 tentang pakan buatan untuk ikan nila (Oreochromis sp.) pada budidaya intensif.
PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH CAIR DI EQUALIZER ZA-II (LIMBAH PRODUKSI AMONIUM SULFAT) SEBAGAI PENETRAL LIMBAH ASAM DI PRODUKSI SULFURIC ACID (SA-I)
Authors: Ilafi Athika Ayu Kautsar , Azkiya Noor Isnaini , Taufiqi Rohmad 
Published: March 2024

PT Petrokimia Gresik Departemen Produksi IIIA terdapat beberapa proses produksi yang menghasilkan limbah cair. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penetralan limbah dengan pemanfaatan limbah cair equalizer ZA-II sebagai penetral Limbah Asam di Open Ditch SA-I untuk mengurangi pengeluaran kebutuhan NaOH dan CaO. Untuk mengetahui pengurangan kebutuhan NaOH dan CaO, diperlukan data perbandingan volume yang dihasilkan untuk pencampuran limbah ZA-II dengan limbah SA-I agar mendapatkan pH netral, maka metode yang pertama kali dilakukan yaitu mengukur pH pada limbah masing – masing equalizer, melakukan trial and error untuk perbandingan campuran asam dan basa pada larutan di equalizer SA-I dan equalizer ZA-II, dan menghitung kebutuhan NaOH dan CaO pertahun sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan equalizer ZA-II sebagai penetral equalizer SA-I. Dalam percobaan ini didapatkan perbandingan volume limbah SA-I dengan limbah ZA-II yaitu 1:75 dengan penghematan yang didapatkan setelah adanya penambahan dari limbah equalizer ZA-II yaitu sekitar kurang lebih 2.13%, sehingga saran yang membangun ini bisa jadi sebagai rekomendasi untuk PT Petrokimia Gresik untuk meminimalisir penggunaan NaOH dan CaO dalam pengolahan limbah.
DESAIN CYCLONE DUST COLLECTOR UNTUK UPAYA MEMPERBAIKI SIRKULASI UDARA DAN MENGURANGI KOROSI PADA AREA PROSES PRODUKSI
Authors: Vania Ariella Syifa' , Rubianto Luchis 
Published: March 2024

Dalam proses produksi, bahan baku dan kondisi lingkungan akan sangat mempengaruhi kualitas produk maupun peralatan yang ada. Setiap bahan memiliki sifat dan kandungan yang berbeda, ada yang bersifat asam, basa, maupun garam. Dari bahan-bahan yang memiliki sifat berbeda ini akan saling bereaksi dan menyebabkan efek samping, salah satunya korosi. Korosi itu sendiri dapat terjadi akibat kondisi lingkungan yang bersuhu tinggi, kelembapan tinggi, dan juga pengaruh dari bahan baku yang dipakai. Dari proses produksi yang dilakukan di industri, dapat diasumsikan bahwa penyebabnya adalah suhu lingkungan dan kelembapan yang cukup tinggi dan terdapat kandungan garam tinggi pada bahan baku yang kemudian menempel pada peralatan dan menyebabkan korosi. Oleh karena itu, perlu perancangan sistem baru agar dapat mengurangi masalah korosi ini. Berdasarkan penjelasan di atas, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan rancangan ulang sistem sirkulasi udara agar dapat mengurangi emisi debu yang ada dilingkungan produksi dan dapat mengurangi terjadinya korosi pada peralatan dalam waktu singkat. Dimana dengan adanya cyclone ini diharapkan mampu mengurangi debu pada area proses dan mengurangi korosi pada peralatan. Dari data pengamatan dan eksperimen mengenai kandungan bahan dan kondisi lingkungan, dapat digunakan untuk merancang kembali sistem sirkulasi udara agar lebih efektif dan baik. Pada pra rancangan unit cyclone kali ini, proses yang digunakan dalam menentukan dimensi cyclone adalah Standard Cyclone Dimensions yang dikembangkan oleh Lapple pada tahun 1940-an. Berdasarkan pra rancangan yang dilakukan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa cyclone yang dirancang memiliki efisiensi sebesar 100% dengan cyclone yang dipasang berjumlah 5. Dari penambahan cyclone ini akan memperbaiki sirkulasi udara dan korosi yang ada pada area produksi yang disebabkan oleh debu proses.
PERHITUNGAN F/M RATIO PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH LUMPUR AKTIF WWTP-2 DI PABRIK FARMASI
Authors: Daniswara Daffa , Budiono Arief 
Published: March 2024

Pabrik farmasi yang menghasilkan produk berupa obat-obatan yang mengandung penicillin akan menghasilkan limbah yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Namun dalam pengoperasiannya belum diketahui apakah pengolahan limbah tersebut sudah efektif atau tidak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan perhitungan F/M ratio (Food to microorganism ratio) yang menjadi salah satu parameter yang dapat dilakukan untuk dapat mengetahui keoptimalan sebuah pengolahan limbah yang menggunakan metode lumpur aktif. Metode lumpur aktif berkaitan dengan adanya endapan lumpur padat yang berguna untuk menguraikan limbah. Dengan adanya lumpur berupa padatan ini akan menguraikan zat berbahaya yang dapat ditentukan kualitasnya dengan perhitungan F/M Ratio. Perhitungan F/M Ratio memerlukan beberapa data seperti kadar MLSS (Mixture Liquid Suspended Solid), kadar BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), dan laju alir dari limbah yang masuk ke WWTP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai perhitungan F/M Ratio yang cenderung rendah sekitar 0,01. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pengolahan limbah yang terjadi sudah cukup optimal.
Nucleoside supplements as treatments for mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome
Authors: Dombi Eszter , Marinaki Tony , Spingardi Paolo , Millar Val , Hadjichristou Nastasia , Carver Janet , Johnston Iain G. , Fratter Carl , Poulton Joanna 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: In mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndrome (MDS), patients cannot maintain sufficient mtDNA for their energy needs. MDS presentations range from infantile encephalopathy with hepatopathy (Alpers syndrome) to adult chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Most are caused by nucleotide imbalance or by defects in the mtDNA replisome. There is currently no curative treatment available. Nucleoside therapy is a promising experimental treatment for TK2 deficiency, where patients are supplemented with exogenous deoxypyrimidines. We aimed to explore the benefits of nucleoside supplementation in POLG and TWNK deficient fibroblasts.Methods: We used high-content fluorescence microscopy with software-based image analysis to assay mtDNA content and membrane potential quantitatively, using vital dyes PicoGreen and MitoTracker Red CMXRos respectively. We tested the effect of 15 combinations (A, T, G, C, AT, AC, AG, CT, CG, GT, ATC, ATG, AGC, TGC, ATGC) of deoxynucleoside supplements on mtDNA content of fibroblasts derived from four patients with MDS (POLG1, POLG2, DGUOK, TWNK) in both a replicating (10% dialysed FCS) and quiescent (0.1% dialysed FCS) state. We used qPCR to measure mtDNA content of supplemented and non-supplemented fibroblasts following mtDNA depletion using 20 µM ddC and after 14- and 21-day recovery in a quiescent state.Results: Nucleoside treatments at 200 µM that significantly increased mtDNA content also significantly reduced the number of cells remaining in culture after 7 days of treatment, as well as mitochondrial membrane potential. These toxic effects were abolished by reducing the concentration of nucleosides to 50 µM. In POLG1 and TWNK cells the combination of ATGC treatment increased mtDNA content the most after 7 days in non-replicating cells. ATGC nucleoside combination significantly increased the rate of mtDNA recovery in quiescent POLG1 cells following mtDNA depletion by ddC.Conclusion: High-content imaging enabled us to link mtDNA copy number with key read-outs linked to patient wellbeing. Elevated G increased mtDNA copy number but severely impaired fibroblast growth, potentially by inhibiting purine synthesis and/or causing replication stress. Combinations of nucleosides ATGC, T, or TC, benefited growth of cells harbouring POLG mutations. These combinations, one of which reflects a commercially available preparation, could be explored further for treatment of POLG patients.
Air pollution concentration fuzzy evaluation based on evidence theory and the K-nearest neighbor algorithm
Authors: Chao Bian , Guang Qiu Huang 
Published: April 2024

Background: Air pollution, characterized by complex spatiotemporal dynamics and inherent uncertainty, poses significant challenges in accurate air quality prediction, and current methodologies often fail to adequately address these complexities.Objective: This study presents a novel fuzzy modeling approach for estimating air pollution concentrations.Methods: This fuzzy evaluation method integrates an improved evidence theory with comprehensive weighting and the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) interval distance within the framework of the matter-element extension model. This involves generating the basic probability assignment (BPA) based on interval similarity, performing sequential fusion using the Dempster–Shafer evidence theory, enhancing the fusion results via comprehensive weighting, and conducting fuzzy evaluation of air pollution concentrations using the matter-element extension KNN interval distance.Results: Our method achieved significant improvements in monitoring air pollution concentrations, incorporating spatiotemporal factors and pollutant concentrations more effectively than existing methods. Implementing sequential fusion and subjective–objective weighting reduced the error rate by 38% relative to alternative methods.Discussion: Fusion of multi-source air pollution data via this method effectively mitigates inherent uncertainty and enhances the accuracy of the KNN method. It produces more comprehensive air pollution concentration fusion results, improving accuracy by considering spatiotemporal correlation, toxicity, and pollution levels. Compared to traditional air-quality indices, our approach achieves greater accuracy and better interpretability, making it possible to develop more effective air quality management strategies. Future research should focus on expanding the dataset to include more diverse geographical and meteorological conditions, further refining the model to integrate external factors like meteorological data and regional industrial activity, and improving computational efficiency for real-time applications.
Adiponectin as a predictor of mortality and readmission in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Dungu Arnold Matovu , Ryrsø Camilla Koch , Hegelund Maria Hein , Sejdic Adin , Jensen Andreas Vestergaard , Kristensen Peter Lommer , Krogh-Madsen Rikke , Faurholt-Jepsen Daniel , Lindegaard Birgitte 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAdiponectin is secreted by adipocytes and is inversely associated with obesity. Given the association between low body mass index (BMI) and higher mortality risk after community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), we hypothesized that high adiponectin levels are associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with CAP.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study of 502 patients hospitalized with CAP, adiponectin was measured in serum at admission. The associations between adiponectin and clinical outcomes were estimated with logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and measures of obesity (BMI, waist circumference or body fat percentage).ResultsAdiponectin was associated with higher 90-day mortality for each 1 μg/mL increase [OR 1.02, 95% CI (1.00, 1.04), p = 0.048] independent of age and sex. Likewise, adiponectin was associated with a higher risk of 90-day readmission for each 1 μg/mL increase [OR 1.02, 95% CI (1.01, 1.04), p = 0.007] independent of age and sex. The association between adiponectin and 90-day mortality disappeared, while the association with 90-day readmission remained after adjusting for adiposity.ConclusionAdiponectin was positively associated with mortality and readmission. The association with mortality depended on low body fat, whereas the association with readmission risk was independent of obesity.
Resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus with dominance of RSV-B during the 2022–2023 season
Authors: Korsun Neli , Trifonova Ivelina , Madzharova Iveta , Alexiev Ivaylo , Uzunova Iordanka , Ivanov Ivan , Velikov Petar , Tcherveniakova Tatiana , Christova Iva 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory viruses in Bulgaria, characterize the genetic diversity of RSV strains, and perform amino acid sequence analyses of RSV surface and internal proteins.MethodsClinical and epidemiological data and nasopharyngeal swabs were prospectively collected from patients with acute respiratory infections between October 2020 and May 2023. Real-time PCR for 13 respiratory viruses, whole-genome sequencing, phylogenetic, and amino acid analyses were performed.ResultsThis study included three epidemic seasons (2020–2021, 2021–2022, and 2022–2023) from week 40 of the previous year to week 20 of the following year. Of the 3,047 patients examined, 1,813 (59.5%) tested positive for at least one viral respiratory pathogen. RSV was the second most detected virus (10.9%) after SARS-CoV-2 (22%). Coinfections between RSV and other respiratory viruses were detected in 68 cases, including 14 with SARS-CoV-2. After two seasons of low circulation, RSV activity increased significantly during the 2022–2023 season. The detection rates of RSV were 3.2, 6.6, and 13.7% in the first, second, and third seasons, respectively. RSV was the most common virus found in children under 5 years old with bronchiolitis (40%) and pneumonia (24.5%). RSV-B drove the 2022–2023 epidemic. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the sequenced RSV-B strains belonged to the GB5.0.5a and GB5.0.6a genotypes. Amino acid substitutions in the surface and internal proteins, including the F protein antigenic sites were identified compared to the BA prototype strain.ConclusionThis study revealed a strong resurgence of RSV in the autumn of 2022 after the lifting of anti-COVID-19 measures, the leading role of RSV as a causative agent of serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, and relatively low genetic diversity in circulating RSV strains.
Human papillomavirus circulating tumor DNA: a diagnostic tool in squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary—a pilot study
Authors: Kais Amani , Santiago Stell Patadji , Han Peng Cheng , Clump David A. , Stokes William A. , Fancy Tanya , Cui Ruifeng , Martin Elizabeth , Turner Meghan T. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionNeck mass is the most common presentation of human papillomavirus-related (HPV-related) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Recently, circulating tumor HPV-DNA (ctHPVDNA) assays have been developed to detect active OPSCC. This pilot study investigates the diagnostic accuracy of ctHPVDNA in establishing HPV status for known vs. unknown OPSCC presenting as a neck mass.MethodsA single-institution pilot study was conducted on all patients with OPSCC presenting as a neck mass between 2021 and 2022. The diagnostic accuracy of ctHPVDNA was compared to that of standard diagnostic procedures used to obtain HPV status according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guideline for squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary (SCCUP). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ctHPVDNA were calculated.ResultsA total of 27 patients were included; 70.4% were current or former smokers, 48.1% (N = 13) had identifiable primaries, and 51.9% (N = 14) had SCCUP. Four patients with known primaries required operative direct laryngoscopy with biopsy (DLB) to establish HPV status. Two patients with SCCUP underwent diagnostic transoral robotic surgery (TORS) to establish HPV status and localize the primary. Twelve patients underwent therapeutic TORS and neck dissection. The gold standard for HPV status was based on final histopathologic p16 or HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) staining during workup/treatment. ctHPVDNA had 95.8% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 75% NPV in predicting HPV-positive OPSCC in the whole sample. Binary logistic regression model using ctHPVDNA results to predict HPV-positive OPSCC was significant (−2 log likelihood = 5.55, χ2 = 8.70, p &lt;.01, Nagelkerke’s R squared = .67). Among patients with identifiable primaries, all patients had HPV-positive tumors on final pathology, and ctHPVDNA was positive in 100%. In the unknown primary patients, ctHPVDNA had 90.9% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 75% NPV.DiscussionctHPVDNA demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for both known and unknown primaries. Incorporation of ctHPVDNA into the diagnostic algorithm for SCCUP may reduce the need for multiple procedures to establish HPV status.
Trauma in the lives of parents experiencing severe perinatal mental illness
Authors: Isobel Sophie 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe perinatal period is a time of ‘high risk’ for new and recurrent episodes of mental illness with 0.1-0.2% of birthing parents requiring admission to specialist mental health units in the months after birth. The prevalence and role of trauma in the lives of birthing parents (most commonly mothers) experiencing severe perinatal mental illness is not well known.MethodIn a new perinatal mental health unit in Sydney Australia, a retrospective audit of trauma prevalence was undertaken using patient completed questionnaires and electronic medical record data. Descriptive analysis was undertaken.ResultsPrevalence of trauma in the lives of mothers with severe mental illness was found to be higher than that reported in general or community mental health settings, with 76% of mothers reporting lifetime trauma exposure and 24% meeting criteria for complex PTSD. The majority reported trauma experiences likely to impact attachment and also reported difficulties in responding to their infants’ cues and needs.DiscussionThe findings suggest a need for more research, awareness, and consideration of the role of trauma in experiences of perinatal mental illness, with implications for developing trauma informed models for responding to parental mental illness.