bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of heat‐labile regan type of alkaline phosphatase in hematopoietic tumors
Authors: Damle S. R. , Shetty P. A. , Jussawalla D. J. , Bhide S. V. , Baxi A. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe physicochemical and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase extracted from Hodgkin's nodes, non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma nodes and leukemic leukocytes have been studied. The alkaline phosphatase from these three tumor types possesses the same biophysical and biochemical properties and immunological determinants as the placental alkaline phosphatase. However, it is more heat‐labile than the placental isoenzyme. Immunological experiments indicate that, of these tumor types, Hodgkin's tumor contains the largest amounts of heat‐labile Regan type of alkaline phosphatase.
The initiation of tumours on mouse skin by dihydrodiols derived from 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and 3‐methylcholanthrene
Authors: Chouroulinkov I. , Gentil A. , Tierney B. , Grover P. L. , Sims P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cis‐2a,3‐diol and the trans‐4,5‐, trans‐7,8‐, trans‐9,10‐ and trans‐11,12‐dihydrodiols of 3‐methylcholanthrene and the trans‐3,4, trans‐5,6‐, trans‐8,9‐ and trans‐10,11‐ dihydrodiols of 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]‐anthrancene have been tested, in comparison with the parent hydrocarbons, for their abilities to initiate skin tumours in female CDI mice. Groups of mice received a single topical application (25 μg) of a diol or of a hydrocarbon, and 1 week later repeated topical applications (1 μg) of 12–0‐tetradecanoyl‐phorbol‐13‐acetate were commenced. The results show that the diols capable of being converted into bay‐region vicinal diol‐epoxides, i.e. the 9,10‐diol of 3‐methylcholanthrene and the 3,4‐diol of 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthrancene were active as initiating agents but that they were no more active than their parent hydrocarbon. The K‐region 5,6‐diol of 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthrancene, which cannot be converted directly into a vicinal diol‐epoxide, was also active as a tumour‐initiating agent when applied to mouse skin.
Biochemical studies during aflatoxin B1‐induced liver damage in rats fed different levels of dietary protein
Authors: Mirmomeni M. H. , Suzangar M. , Wise A. , Messripour M. , Emami H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAflatoxin B1 has been fed for 6 months to young rats in low or high protein diets. In agreement with previous research, it was found that the high protein diet was associated with hyperplastic activity in the liver, of a type similar to that usually found in rats developing aflatoxin B1‐induced hepatoma. During the same period, negligible precancerous‐like changes were seen in the rats fed the low protein diet with aflatoxin B1. This model has been used to test the sensitivity of various liver function tests to the dietary‐induced difference in liver reaction to aflatoxin B1 feeding. The serum enzymes lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably elevated in rats with precancerous‐like lesions, but the former was the most sensitive enzyme. Serum glutamate‐oxalate transaminase and serum glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase were both raised in the rats with precancerous‐like lesions, but much less so than lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase. Urinary aflatoxin metabolites were also measured. Aflatoxin M1 and aflatoxin P1 were both found after feeding aflatoxin B1. During the feeding period, aflatoxin P1 excretion steadily increased, while aflatoxin M1 increased between the second and fourth months and then fell. In the first 4 months, rats fed a low protein diet tended to produce a lower ratio of aflatoxin M1 to aflatoxin P1 compared to the rats fed a high protein diet. At 6 months, the ratio decreased markedly, especially in the rats with the precancerous‐like lesions. It was concluded that lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and the ratio of urinary excretion of aflatoxin M1 to aflatoxin P1 could be useful tests for inclusion in a diagnostic procedure for aflatoxin B1‐induced precancerous liver changes that might be expected in human studies.
The relationship between sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberration and gene mutation induction by several reactive polycyclic hydrocarbon metabolites in cultured mammalian cells
Authors: Connell Jane R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ability of three ultimate metabolites of benzo(a)‐pyrene and of 7‐bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene to induce 8‐azaguanine mutants, sister‐chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations has been investigated. 7β,8α‐dihydroxy‐9α,10α‐epoxy‐7,8,9,10‐tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene was shown to be an extremely efficient inducer of both mutants and sister‐chromatid exchanges at 100% survival, whereas its geometrical isomer, 7β,8α‐dihydroxy‐9β,10β‐epoxy‐7,8,9,10‐tetrahydro‐benzo(a) pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene‐4,5‐oxide were comparatively weak. The potency of this compound, as both a mutagen and a sister‐chromatid exchange inducer, gives further evidence that it may be the important carcinogenic metabolite of benzo(a)pyrene. 7‐Bromomethylbenz(a)anthracene was a moderate mutagen and inducer of sister chromatid exchanges. Comparisons of the relative potencies of these four chemicals as inducers of both mutations and sister chromatid exchanges have indicated that these two phenomena are not directly related. The induction of sister chromatid exchanges also appears to be independent of the induction of chromosome aberrations.
Immunochemical characterization of tumor‐associated surface antigens on a moloney leukemia virus‐lymphoma, MBL‐2
Authors: Ng Ah‐Kau , McIntire K. Robert , Suzuki Seikichi , Aoki Tadao , Herberman Ronald B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumor‐associated surface antigens (TASA)4 on a Moloney leukemia virus (M‐MuLV)‐induced lymphoma, MBL‐2, in C57BL/6 mice (B6) were characterized. The surface proteins of MBL‐2 cells were selectively radioiodinated and then extracted by Nonidet P40. The solubilized materials were then reacted with a variety of antisera: monospecific antisera to murine leukemia viral proteins (anti‐gp69/71, anti‐p30, anti‐p15, anti‐p12 and anti‐p10), sera from B6 which regressed murine sarcoma tumors induced by murine sarcoma virus (anti‐MSV) and a rabbit anti‐MBL‐2 antiserum. The resulting radioimmune precipitates were analyzed and compared in sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacryl‐amide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE). The following results were obtained. (1) Among all anti‐viral protein antisera tested only anti‐gp69/71 was active and detected a protein doublet of gp69/71 and its degradation fragments of 42,000 and 35,000 daltons. (2) Radioimmune precipitates prepared with anti‐MSV showed a SDS‐PAGE pattern similar to that seen with anti‐gp69/71. This result indicated that the surface antigen detected by the anti‐MSV serum on MBL‐2 tumor cell was probably a viral envelope antigen. (3) The rabbit anti‐MBL‐2 serum detected on the cell membrane an antigen of approximately 95,000 daltons which was tumor‐associated and did not appear to be related to virion components. The anti‐MBL‐2 serum still reacted with the 95,000 dalton antigen after absorption with disrupted M‐MuLV virus and with gp69/71 and p30 purified from the virus.
Female sex steroid receptors in normal, hyperplastic and carcinomatous endometrium. The relationship to serum steroid hormones and gonadotropins and changes during medroxyprogesterone acetate administration
Authors: Jänne O. , Kauppila A. , Kontula K. , Syrjälä P. , Vihko R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOestrogen and progestin receptors were measured from the cytosol fraction of normal, hyperplastic and carcinomatous human endometrium. Hyperplastic tissue contained the highest progestin receptor concentrations, followed by proliferative and secretory endometrium. Adenocarcinoma tissue was characterized by a lower progestin receptor content, which was further related to the degree of tumour differentiation with well‐differentiated carcinomas containing higher receptor levels than the poorly differentiated ones. There were no major differences in the oestrogen receptor values among the various tissue groups, except that poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas tended to have lower receptor levels than the others. The majority (80%) of adenocarcinomas contained both oestrogen and progestin receptors, in contrast to breast cancers where only half of the tumours simultaneously possessed the two receptors. There was no statistically significant correlation between serum oestradiol‐17β, progesterone, FSH or LH values and cytosol oestrogen or progesterone receptor concentrations in the various groups. Medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment for an average of 4 weeks significantly reduced the concentrations of cytosol oestrogen and progestin receptors in hyperplastic and carcinomatous tissue. Progestin receptor concentration declined to 10–20% of the initial value during this short‐term medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment. The depression in the cytosol receptor content may be detrimental for a beneficial hormone action to occur during a long‐term progestin treatment of endometrial carcinoma.
Establishment and characterization of human B‐lymphocytic lymphoma cell lines (balm‐3, ‐4 and ‐5): Intraclonal variation in the B‐cell differentiation stage
Authors: Lok Ming‐Swang , Koshiba Hirofumi , Han Tin , Abe Syuiti , Minowada Jun , Sandberg Avery A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis study describes the establishment of three non‐Burkitt B‐lymphoma cell lines (BALM‐3, BALM‐4 and BALM‐5) originating from the pleural effusion of a patient with a poorly differentiated diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma. The cells of BALM‐3, ‐4 and ‐5 exhibited a number of properties which distinguish them from the usual B‐cell type lymphoblastoid cell lines. Thus, they lacked the Epstein‐Barr virus genome and had abnormal chromosome constitutions including a 14q+ marker. The presence of the identical surface immunoglobulin isotypes (γ and χ chain determinants), and la‐like B‐cell‐associated antigen in the cultured cells and in the “fresh” lymphoma cells in vivo was demonstrated. These findings strongly suggested that these cell lines have B‐cell characteristics and were derived from the original tumor cell population. BALM‐5 cells, however, showed somewhat different growth, cell surface marker profile and functional characteristics compared to those of BALM‐3, and ‐4 cells. These variations suggest that the BALM‐5 cells were probably at different stages of B‐cell maturation than those of BALM‐3 and ‐4, even though all three cell lines (established in three separate flasks) originated from the cells of the same pleural effusion of a lymphoma with monoclonal B‐cell characteristics.
Lung tumors from PuO2‐ZrO2 aerosol particles in syrian hamsters
Authors: Thomas R. G. , Smith D. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSyrian golden hamsters were given PuO2/ZrO2 particles via inhalation and/or Pu‐laden ZrO2 ceramic 10‐μm diameter microspheres lodged in the capillary bed of the lung. The mean initial lung burdens ranged from 8 nCi to 143 nCi for the six experimental groups of animals. Significant numbers of primary lung tumors (5–50% per group) were induced in those animals that received inhalation exposures. Additional alpha radiation administered via Pu‐laden intravenous microspheres had little or no effect on tumorigenesis or the production of non‐neoplastic, degenerative changes in the respiratory tract.
Mechanism of restriction of murine leukemia viruses varies between different strains of Fv‐1n mice
Authors: Benjers B. M. , Bassin R. H. , Rein A. , Gerwin B. I. , Duran‐Troise G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mechanism of Fv‐1 restriction in DBA/2 (Fv‐1n) mouse cells was investigated by quantitative infectious center assays employing a newly isolated continuous cell line. Titration of B‐tropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) in DBA/2 cells showed two‐hit kinetics and, at sufficient multiplicities of infection (MOIs), the entire cell population could be productively infected with the restricted virus. Infection of DBA/2 cells with a single particle of B‐tropic (but not with N‐ or NB‐tropic) MuLV which had been inactivated at 43°C rendered the cells permissive to superinfection with B‐tropic MuLV. This effect was time‐dependent, the cells becoming permissive to B‐tropic MuLV by 3 h after the initial infection and regaining their restriction within 18 h. These findings, which are similar to our previous results on the infection of BALB/3T3 (Fv‐1b) cells with N‐tropic MuLV, indicate that two B‐tropic MuLV particles are required for successful infection of a DBA/2 cell in this non‐permissive system. These two particles appear to be functionally different: one temporarily overcomes or “abrogates” Fv‐1 restriction but need not replicate, while the second apparently undergoes a normal replication cycle. Two other Fv‐1n cell lines, NIH/3T3 and C3H 10T1/2, gave results which were not analogous to those obtained on DBA/2 cells. Even at high MOIs, only about 10–20% of NIH/3T3 or C3H 10T1/2 cells could be infected with B‐tropic MuLV. These quantitative differences in titration patterns indicate that NIH/3T3 and C3H 10T1/2 cells have different mechanisms of Fv‐1n restriction from that of DBA/2 cells, or, more likely, that they possess other restriction systems in addition to Fv‐1.
Active, specific immunotherapy of murine leukemia. II. Adjuvant effect of Corynebacterium parvum
Authors: Bartlett Gerald L. , Kreider John W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have previously shown that irradiated LSTRA cells (LX) were immunogenic and could prolong survival of mice bearing LSTRA tumors. This study demonstrated that addition of Corynebacterium parvum to the LX dramatically improved the strength of tumor immunity. In pretreatment‐challenge experiments, C. parvum augmented the immunogenicity of 106 LX given intradermally, with an optimum dose of 0.14–1.4 μg C. parvum per mouse. In therapy experiments (intraperitoneal vaccine treatment after tumor cell challenge), the therapeutic effect of 107 LX was improved by admixture of C. parvum, leading to a larger number of cured mice, permitting treatment of a larger challenge inoculum, and allowing later initiation of treatment than was possible with LX alone. Optimal dose of C. parvum for therapy was 1,400 μg per mouse. Presensitization to C. parvum or use of repeated vaccine injections did not further improve the therapeutic effect. Cure of tumor‐bearing mice by the mixed vaccine was tumor‐specific. These results suggest that C. parvum is a potent adjuvant for use in active, tumor‐specific immunotherapy.
Abortive expression of the epstein‐barr virus (EBV) cycle in a variety of EBV DNA‐containing cell lines, as reflected by nucleic acid hybridization In situ
Authors: Moar Martin H. , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA variety of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA‐containing cell lines have been tested for the expression of the EBV‐associated antigens EBNA (nuclear antigen), EA (early antigen), and VCA (viral capsid antigen), and for the presence of cells containing disproportionate amounts of EBV DNA. The antigen tests utilized immunofluorescence and 125I‐labelled antibodies combined with auto‐radiography. EBV‐DNA was detected by in situ hybridization with 3H‐labelled EBV RNA complementary to P3HR‐1 EBV DNA (P‐EBVcRNA). The P‐EBV cRNA has been shown to represent the majority of the P3HR‐1 EBV DNA sequences. It was concluded that EBV DNA‐containing cell lines can be divided into those that express only EBNA, those that express EBNA and EA and those that express EBNA, EA and VCA and also contain cells that undergo disproportionate EBV DNA synthesis. Consequently, in some cell lines there is an abortive expression of the EBV cycle in that some cells spontaneously express EA but fail to continue further to viral DNA synthesis. A similar pattern can be found after experimental induction of the EBV cycle, suggesting that related mechanisms govern the spontaneous expression of the EBV cycle and the extent of its inducibility.
Glycophorin a as a cell surface marker of early erythroid differentiation in acute leukemia
Authors: Andersson Leif C. , Gahmberg Carl G. , Teerenhovi Lasse , Vuopio Pekka 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe show here that the leukemic blast cells from three patients of a total of 15 subsequently diagnosed as having acute leukemia express on their surface the major red cell sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin A (GP‐A). This was demonstrated (1) by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit anti GP‐A antiserum and (2) by immune precipitation of GP‐A from surface radiolabelled leukemic cells. Since GP‐A is exclusively present on erythroid cells and their precursors, these findings indicate that a higher proportion of the blast leukemias than previously recognized show features of early erythroid differentiation.
Luteinizing hormone‐releasing factor‐like immunoreactivity in islet cells and insulomas of the human pancreas
Authors: Wahlström T. , Seppälä M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLuteinizing hormone‐releasing factor (LRF)‐like immunoreactivity was demonstrated by a three‐layer immunoperoxidase method in the islet cells of human pancreas and in the neoplastic cells of insulomas. Adenocarcinomas originating in the exocrine pancreas were LRF‐negative. The results demonstrate another hypothalamic peptide‐like material in the gastrointestinal tract, the biological role of which remains to be clarified.
Placental alkaline phosphatase, alphafetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen in testicular tumors. Tissue typing by means of cytologic smears
Authors: Wahren B. , Holmgren P. Å. , Stigbrand T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIndirect immunofluorescence and radioimmuno‐assay with specific rabbit antisera demonstrated the occurrence of alphafetoprotein (AFP), carcino‐embryonic antigen (CEA) and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) in primary testicular tumor cells. Embryonal carcinomas had AFP‐ and CEA‐containing cells, sometimes PLAP. PLAP and sometimes CEA were found in seminoma cells. Sera from patients with advanced non‐seminomatous tumors could contain any of these antigens or any combination of them. Sera from patients with seminomas had raised PLAP or CEA. PLAP appears to be a new marker for seminoma.
An assay for estradiol receptors using a staphylococcal protein‐a — estradiol antibody adsorbent
Authors: Ronchi Enrico , Porta Carla , di Fronzo Giovanni , Clerici Enrico 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAntiestradiol antisera were raised in rabbits by immunization with a steroid‐protein conjugate Whole antisera and purified antiestradiol antibodies were reacted with heat‐killed and formalin‐fixed bacteria from the protein‐A‐bearing strain of Staphilococcus aureus (Cowan 1, NCTC 8530). The bacterial immunoadsorbent was used to estimate the estrogen‐receptor proteins contained in several specimens from human breast carcinoma. Since the affinity constant for estradiol of antiestradiol antibodies is about 108 M−1 while those for breast estrogen‐receptor complexes are about 109 to 1010 M−1, it is possible to remove the free steroid from a reaction mixture containing tissue cytosol, radiolabelled estradiol, and the antiestradiol bacterial adsorbent by pelleting the bacteria at low‐speed centrifugation. The radiolabelled estradiol molecules bound to their receptors remain in the supernatant and can be easily counted by liquid scintillation counting. The results obtained by this technique on specimens of human breast carcinomas compared more than satisfactorily with those obtained, on separated aliquots from the same specimens, by the dextran‐coated charcoal method, according to the EORTC group (1973). The versatility, specificity and stability of the antiestradiol bacterial immunoadsorbent recommend its use, rather than that of charcoal‐coated dextran and other non‐specific steroid adsorbents, in the mass screening of patients with breast carcinoma which could be amenable to hormonal therapy.
Embryo‐derived teratocarcinoma: I. The role of strain and gender in the control of teratocarcinogenesis
Authors: Solter D. , Dominis M. , Damjanov I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of gender and genetic (strain‐specific) factors in the regulation of teratocarcinogenesis was studied by monitoring the outgrowth of benign and malignant embryo‐derived teratoid tumors, i.e., teratomas and teratocarcinomas in several mouse strains. Teratocarcinomas were produced in all mouse strains tested, but the ratio of teratoma to teratocarcinoma varied from one strain to another. A high yield of teratocarcinomas was obtained in A/J, BALB/cJ, DBA/2J, CBA/J and C3H/J mice, irrespective of the sex of the recipient. A low yield of teratocarcinomas was obtained in both male and female C57BL/6J and AKR/J recipients, and in 129/J female recipients. For all strains but 129/J and eventually AKR/J the sex of the recipients did not significantly affect the outgrowth of embryo‐derived tumors. These data suggest the existence of mouse strains with high and low permissiveness for embryo‐derived teratocarcinogenesis. The sex of the recipients may influence the yield of embryo‐derived teratocarcinomas in some mouse strains but is of no consequence in others.
Lung carcinoma induction in BD rats after a single intratracheal instillation of an arsenic‐containing pesticide mixture formerly used in vineyards
Authors: Ivankovic S. , Eisenbrand G. , Preussmann R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA single intratracheal 0.1‐ml instillation of a calcium‐arsenate containing vineyard pesticide induced multi‐focal bronchogenic adenocarcinomas and bronchiolar‐alveolar‐cell carcinomas in nine out of 15 treated BD rats. This seems to be the first experimental confirmation of carcinogenicity of arsenic‐containing pesticides used formerly in vineyards.
Bioactivities and the effect of dilution on various milk‐borne murine mammary tumor viruses
Authors: Moore Dan H. , Vaidya Akhil B. , Long Carole A. , Manning Jarue S. , Heppner Gloria H. , Holben Jane A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfectivity titrations of milk‐borne murine mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) from different sources or prepared in different ways or stored for periods of time have been compared. Titration curves were in general reproducible for MuMTVs of different sources or handled in different ways and for different methods of measurement, such as hyperplastic alveolar nodule (HAN) development, tumor development, or MuMTV antigen secretion in third‐lactation milk. The curves had characteristic shapes with a low incidence of infection at low dilutions of milk, high incidences at intermediate dilutions, and low incidences at high dilutions. Infectivity incidences were unaffected by dilution over the range 10−2 to 10−5. The curves did not change appreciably with time of storage of milk at liquid N2 temperature for periods up to 3 years. Rate zonal fractionation of RIII milk gave zones with bioactivities which were not proportional to B‐particle content. Upon dilution, the bioactivity of Zone 3, rich in B particles, and Zone 5, poor in B particles, increased, while the bioactivity of all the other zones usually decreased with dilution. The low incidence of infection at low dilutions may have been due, in part, to an immune response of the inoculated mouse. Administration of inactivated virions 4 h prior to or with MuMTV inoculations gave some evidence in support of this hypothesis but the complexity of the bioassay system for MuMTV lends uncertainty to interpretation of results.