bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urethral pressure profilometry in mares
Authors: Kay Alan D. , Lavoie Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A technique was developed for recording urethral pressure profiles (upp) in mares. Profiles were obtained from 12 clinically normal mares and from 3 mares with urinary incontinence. Variables measured on the profile included intravesicular pressure and maximal urethral closure pressure. The mean maximal urethral closure pressure of the incontinent mares was significantly less (P ≤ 0.001) than that of the normal mares. The technique is simple and reliable for objectively evaluating urethral pressures in mares.
Spinal meningiomas in dogs: 13 cases (1972–1987)
Authors: Fingeroth James M. , Prata Raymond G. , Patnaik Amiya K. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Medical records of 13 dogs with spinal meningiomas were reviewed. Breed predilections were not found. Males outnumbered females 9 to 4, and most of the dogs were middle-aged. All dogs had motor deficits of various degrees, and approximately half of the dogs had clinical signs of mild to moderate spinal pain. The remainder had histories of clinical signs suggestive of chronic discomfort. There was a prolonged (> 3 months) delay between the onset of signs and diagnosis, except in 3 dogs. The neurologic courses usually were progressive. Results of noncontrast spinal radiography were normal in 10 dogs; in 3 dogs, the lamina appeared scalloped. Results of myelography contributed to the correct diagnosis in 10 of 12 dogs; however, in 2 dogs, intradural/extramedullary tumors were thought to be intramedullary lesions. A preponderance of cervical meningiomas was found, accounting for 10 of 13 tumors. Lumbar meningiomas were found in the remaining 3 dogs. Surgery was performed in 9 of the dogs, six of which improved after surgery. Poor results were correlated with tumors that involved spinal cord segments of an intumescence, ventrally located tumors, iatrogenic trauma, and tumor invasion into adjacent neural parenchyma. Four of 13 spinal meningiomas were found to be invasive into the spinal cord itself.
Investigation of cryptosporidial infection in calves in San Bernardino County, California
Authors: Sobieh Mohamed , Tacal J. V. , Wilcke Burton W. , Lawrence William , El-Ahraf Amer 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that inhabits the intestinal epithelium of calves, lambs, foals, pigs, and poultry. Of the 500 calves studied, 95 calves had diarrhea and 20 (21.05%) of those were infected with Cryptosporidium; only 8 (1.9%) of the remaining 405 nondiarrheic calves had Cryptosporidium oocysts in their feces.
Use of splenectomy in the management of lymphoma in dogs: 16 cases (1976-1985)
Authors: Brooks Marjory B. , Matus Robert E. , Leifer Connie E. , Patnaik Amiya K. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Sixteen dogs with lymphoma underwent splenectomy to relieve signs of massive splenomegaly including splenic rupture. The most common preoperative hematologic abnormalities, anemia and thrombocytopenia, were reversed in all dogs surviving the initial postoperative period. Within 6 weeks after surgery, 5 dogs died because of disseminated intravascular coagulation and sepsis. The remaining 11 dogs underwent chemotherapy. These 11 dogs had a complete response rate of 66% at one month after surgery; the mean and median survival times were 9.3 and 5 months, respectively. In 7 dogs evaluated until death, the mean and median survival times were 13.4 months and 14 months, respectively.
Vesicular stomatitis virus (New Jersey strain) infection in two California dairy herds: An epidemiologic study
Authors: Thurmond M. C. , Ardans A. A. , Picanso J. P. , McDowell T. , Reynolds B. , Saito J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The course of vesicular stomatitis in cattle was investigated in 2 dairy herds (A and B) located in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. Cattle were examined and specimens were obtained for virus isolation and for serologic survey for one year after an epizootic in December 1982. All 33 lactating cows selected for study had oral lesions, but only 19 (58%) were drooling or frothing around the mouth. Lesions on feet and teats were not observed. The healing time (longer than has been reported previously) for oral lesions ranged from 34 to 59 days. The mean serum neutralizing antibody titer for all cows tested in both herds 21 days after clinical signs were first observed was >1:512. The mean titer decreased in the first 11 months after the epizootic, but remained > 1:128, and then increased during December 1983. Vesicular stomatitis virus/New Jersey strain was not isolated from 239 blood samples, 235 swab specimens of oral cavities, 38 swab specimens of oral epithelium, 206 urine specimens, or 232 fecal specimens collected from cows; however, it was isolated from tongue epithelium of 3 cows at 1, 4, and 21 days after signs of frothing were first noticed. For 20 lactating cows brought into dairy A during the epizootic, a mean time of 8.9 days elapsed between time of entry and appearance of clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis. Of 26 heifers that had entered dairy B 38 days after the last observed signs of vesicular stomatitis, 1 had antibody to vesicular stomatitis virus/New Jersey strain when tested 70 days after entry. Contrary to previous information, on the basis of serologic test results, age-specific prevalence rates for calf infection were estimated to be as high as 20% for calves 0 to 2 months old, 0% for calves 3 to 4 months old, and 88% for calves ≥ 5 months old at the time of the epizootic. In calves born after the epizootic, antibody titers decreased to ≤ 1:32 by the time they were 4 months old. One calf born 3 months after the epizootic had a titer of 1:256 at 9 months of age.
Toxicosis in newborn pigs associated with cutaneous application of an aerosol spray containing chlorpyrifos
Authors: Scheidt Alan B. , Long Gerald G. , Knox Kay , Hubbard Steven E. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Weakness, lethargy, ataxia, lateral recumbency, limb paddling, tremors, salivation, and diarrhea were observed in newborn pigs on a commercial swine farm. Many pigs became moribund and died. All had been treated with an aerosol wound spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos. A controlled study was undertaken to determine whether the aerosol spray was the cause of these clinical signs. Pigs exposed to aerosol spray containing 2.5% chlorpyrifos at 3 hours (n = 4) and 6 hours (n = 3) after birth developed clinical signs similar to those on the farm; none survived. Pigs exposed at 24 hours (n = 5) after birth developed clinical signs consistent with those that had developed in pigs on the farm; 3 died and 2 survived. Of 3 pigs exposed to the same spray at 36 hours after birth, 1 developed tremors 7.5 hours later and diarrhea 9 hours later, then returned to normal.
Congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 46 cases (1979-1986)
Authors: Johnson C. A. , Armstrong P. J. , Hauptman J. G. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Congenital portosystemic shunts (cpss) were diagnosed in 46 dogs. The historic, physical, and laboratory findings were tabulated. Half of the affected males were cryptorchid. Urolithiasis was detected in 20% of the dogs. The biochemical tests with the best sensitivity for the diagnosis of cpss were sulfobromophthalein retention, fasting serum ammonia concentration, and serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Thesurvival time and quality of life were assessed by physical and biochemical reevaluation ofthe dogs and by means of a questionnaire that was completed by the owners. Five dogs were treated medically. Thirty - three dogs were treated surgically. Dogs that had complete surgical occlusion of the cpss became normal, and quality of life was excellent. Dogs that had partial occlusion of the cpss improved, and some became clinically normal. Dogs that did not have surgical correction of the cpss had continuation of signs, but several survived for years.
Fecal survey of llamas (Lama glama) in Oregon: Incidental recovery of Nematodirus battus
Authors: Bishop Janell K. , Rickard Lora G. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Between September 1985 and March 1987, 243 fecal specimens from llamas (195 adults, 48 crias) were examined for parasite eggs. Of the adults, 78% had at least one type of egg. Trichostrongyles were found in 67% of the adults, Nematodirus spp in 23%, Strongyloides spp in 9%, Capillaria spp in 8%, and Trichuris spp in 5%. Of the crias, 90% had at least one kind of egg. Trichostrongyles were found in 71% of the crias, Nematodirus spp in 52%, Strongyloides spp in 17%, and Trichuris spp and Capillaria spp in 4% each. Most important, N battus eggs were observed in fecal specimens from 2 crias.
Fixed Point Index for Simulation Mappings and Applications
Authors: Benmezaï Abdelhamid , Hammache Karima , Melouane Nassima 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we construct the fixed point index for a class of contractive mapping defined by a simulation mapping and a measure of noncompact-ness noted by Z

µ

− contraction maps. Then we establish some fixed point theorem for this mapping of the Krasnoselskii type. An Application to the integral equation is presented to support the results.
Closure operators on hoops
Authors: Borzooei R.A. , Aaly Kologani M. , Rezaei G.R. , Mohseni Takallo M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, we study relationships between closure operators and hoops. We investigate the properties of closure operators and hoop-homomorphism on hoops. We show that the image of a closure operator on a hoop is isomorphic to a quotient hoop. In addition, we define the notion of closure operator on ideals of hoop and investigate some properties of it and some related results are proved. We define proper closer operators on ideals of hoop and we show that the set of all proper closure operators on hoops makes a bounded lattice by some operations.
Weighted MP weak group inverse
Authors: Mosić Dijana , Marovt Janko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To extent the notion of the MP weak group inverse for square matrices, we introduce the concept of the weighted MP weak group inverse for rectangular matrices. A number of different representations and characterizations are derived for the weighted MP weak group inverse as well as limit and integral expressions. Applying the weighted MP weak group inverse, we solve some linear equations and give their solutions.
Skew cyclic codes over 𝔻4
R and their applications to DNA codes construction
Authors: Rehman Nadeem ur , Ahmad Mohammad Fareed , Azmi Mohd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fundamental aim of this research is to analyze the configuration of 𝔽4
R submodules, skew cyclic codes over 𝔽4
R and establish their connection with DNA codes, where 𝔽4 is a field of order 4 and R = 𝔽4 + u𝔽4 + v𝔽4 + w𝔽4 with u
2 = u, v
2 = v, w
2 = w, uv = vu = 0, vw = wv = 0, wu = uw = 0 is a finite ring. This is achieved by examining particular subclasses like reversible codes. Ultimately, this study aims to utilize Gray maps to derive codes that possess the characteristics of DNA structures. At the end of this paper, we have provided the necessary and sufficient condition for skew cyclic codes to be reversible complement.
Comparative Study of Dissipation Factor of Young and Mature Bitter Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) based on Location
Authors: Ekpenyong Nsikak Edet , Robert Ubong Williams , Ekong Sylvester Andrew , Akpabio Inyang Anietie , Agbasi Okechukwu Ebuka , Emegha Joseph Onyeka 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of Schering Bridge arrangement in combination with function generator and oscilloscope allows for precise measurement of heat dissipation in plant materials. This study aims to determine and compare the heat dissipation properties of young bitter leaf (YBL) and mature bitter leaf (MBL) samples obtained from two different locations. Measurements were conducted on ten fresh leaf samples per category from each location. Results indicated that for samples from the first location, the dissipation factors for YBL and MBL were (2.076 ± 0.010) and (3.231 ± 0.013) respectively, while from the second location, the values were (3.231 ± 0.013) and (3.233 ± 0.015) respectively. The data suggest that while the geographical location does not significantly influence the heat dissipation of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), the age of the leaves does, with YBL exhibiting a higher capacity to withstand elevated temperatures compared to MBL under identical storage conditions. This study provides insight into the thermal properties of bitter leaf, contributing to broader research on plant thermoregulation. The novelty of this work lies in its demonstration that leaf age, rather than location, is a determinant factor in heat dissipation.
Accelerating the Clarke-Wright algorithm using GPUs
Authors: Guerriero Francesca , Saccomanno Francesco Paolo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a combinatorial optimization problem that seeks to determine the optimal set of routes for a fleet of vehicles, with limited capacity, to deliver goods to customers while minimizing the total cost. Due to its NP-hard nature, finding exact solutions for the large-scale CVRP instances is computationally intractable. Therefore, heuristics and metaheuristics are widely employed to find approximate optimal solutions. Among these, the Clarke-Wright (CW) algorithm is a popular greedy approach that constructs routes by iteratively merging nodes to minimize transportation costs. This study presents an implementation of the CW algorithm in graphics processing units (GPUs) using the CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) framework. The GPU implementation is compared to its CPU counterpart in terms of execution time and performance. The results demonstrate significant speed-ups achieved by the GPU implementation, particularly for large-scale instances. Performance gains can be attributed to the parallel processing capabilities of GPUs, enabling efficient execution of the algorithm computational steps.
History of Science and Methodology: The Significance of Aristotle’s Treatises
Authors: Berehova Halyna , Andruszkiewicz Fabian , Frolova Marharyta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study is devoted to highlighting the legacy of Aristotle from the point of view of its modern interpretation. Also, this work has a didactic character, since the structure of the proposed educational material corresponds to the main milestones of the life and work of an outstanding thinker of antiquity. The article emphasises the importance of studying Aristotle’s biological knowledge in modern sciences, in particular in interdisciplinary studies, teaching methods, in the methodology of sciences, etc. The authors recommend scientists who work in the field of natural sciences, as well as teach these sciences to students in educational institutions, to take into account the principles of Aristotle’s scientific picture of the world, since Aristotle was the first in the history of science to present a scheme of scientific research methods and provide a complete classification of animals. He also proposed a hierarchy of levels of life, created a scheme of causality in biology, initiated the doctrine of distribution and the principle of analogy, laid the foundations of embryology, enriched the categorical apparatus of science (whole and its part, species and genus, functions, form and matter, movement, primary cause, entelechy, substance, soul, etc.), which are still used in various fields of scientific knowledge.
Convergence of Environmental Education in Technical Natural Sciences with Cross-Border CZ-PL Practice
Authors: Štěpánek Vladimír , Hyšplerová Lidmila , Kříž Jan , Studnička Filip , Wacławek Maria , Lyčka Antonín 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The subject of this communication is the evaluation of the results of pedagogical research focused on environmental-technical university education within the framework of a four-year PL-CZ project supported by the EU, entitled “Cooperation between the University of Opole and the University of Hradec Kralove increasing the employability of graduates on the cross-border labour market” and its three-year sustainability, which we have already reported on in a previous communication in this Journal. The aim was to increase the mutual cross-border substitutability of graduates of environmental-technical fields of study of the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Opole (PL) and the Faculty of Science of the University of Hradec Kralove (CZ), when looking for employment in Czech and Polish companies. There is an increasing number of graduates of environmental-technical fields of study who do not work in their fields of study, despite the fact that these workers are missing from the labour market in both countries. The convergence of study programs took place in the form of mutual cross-border teaching with the creation of Czech-Polish teaching materials focused on professional terminology and through exchange four-day field trips and fortnightly and monthly curricular internships. A team of internship tutors in companies, future potential employers of students, was created, a questionnaire for evaluating student performance in soft and hard skills was optimised and verified as part of a pilot study. Both groups of PL and CZ students achieved quite comparable results. There are also no significant differences in the evaluation of individual students in soft and hard skills. However, the number of respondents (students) was limited by the financial resources of the PL-CZ project, which were reduced during the COVID pandemic. Only selected students with a strong interest in the field of study and gaining practical experience participated in the study. Therefore, the conclusions of the pilot study need to be verified on a larger sample of respondents.
Home Composting - Rules, Conditions, New Solutions
Authors: Niekraś Lidia , Rombel-Bryzek Agnieszka , Moliszewska Ewa B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The management of composting home bio-waste at the place of their formation leads to several benefits. Among them are: minimising the amount of waste sent to landfills, decreasing the costs associated with transporting them to disposal sites, and reducing the need for new facilities dedicated to this purpose. A further advantage of home composting is the better segregation of waste compared to industrial composting, there is less accidental contamination by plastic, glass, or metal waste, which is a key requirement for a proper biodegradation process. However, despite to many benefits of home composting, the method is still controversial. The first part of the paper briefly characterises the key parameters for an effective home composting process, i.e.: temperature, air porosity, oxygenation, and moisture content. It is also widely considered and discussed the problem of reasons why home composters do not reach the temperature values considered necessary for the sterilisation of waste. Potential needs to reach the same high temperatures in home composting as in industrial composting are also discussed. The next part of the paper presents some technical solutions currently used in home composters to improve the process of biodegradation of waste and to make them easier to use. The final section addresses the quality of home compost and the issues around correctly assessing its maturity and stability.
Cyber Warfare in the Russo-Ukrainian War
Authors: Prebilič Vladimir , Rebrica Patrik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cyber warfare has opened up a new dimension of warfare in modern conflicts. The dangers are greater than ever as critical infrastructure, financial systems and personal data become targets on this digital battlefield. The aim of this work is to show the impact of cyber warfare through the example of the Russian-Ukrainian war. To understand the role of cyber in warfare it is necessary to understand Russian, Ukrainian and NATO cyber warfare doctrine, and utilisation of these on the battlefield. Understanding these tactics allows for better national defence of states, protection of civilian lives and ensuring the stability of the global digital infrastructure. Analysing the cyber dimension of this conflict helps to develop strategies to mitigate similar threats in future conflicts.
Growth response of Douglas fir to the first early and delayed thinning
Authors: Dušek David , Novák Jiří 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) is considered one of the most promising introduced tree species for use in forestry in Central Europe. The formation of vital and stable forest stands with a certain share of Douglas fir (DF) requires the application of appropriate silvicultural measures, such as thinning. The article evaluates the growth response of DF to the initial experimental thinning. Eight stands were analysed on nutrient-rich sites in the three forest vegetation zones (Querceto-Fagetum, Fagetum, Abieto-Fagetum). The analysis includes both stands dominated by DF and stands where DF is only interspersed. The thinning was applied when the dominant tree height ranged from 5 to 20 m. A dominant tree height of 10 m was used as the threshold to define well-timed thinning. The data were analysed using Bayesian hierarchical modelling, and generalized hierarchical models were employed. DF promising trees responded to early thinning with significant acceleration of radial growth, leading to improvements in height-to-diameter ratio (HDR) and crown ratio (CR) parameters. The response of DF promising trees to delayed thinning was negligible. Neither early nor delayed thinning had a detectable effect on height growth of the DF promising trees. The result confirms the necessity of initiating thinning for DF stands at the stage of thickets. The thinning should ideally begin when the dominant tree height is between 4 to 5 meters. At this stage, it is possible to positively influence diameter growth and mitigate the deterioration of individual tree stability as well as the stability of the whole stand.
The Curricula of Primary Education and Neoliberal Educational Policy in Greece : A Critical Analysis
Authors: Sounoglou Marina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to contribute to a critical approach to analysing the new curricula and to outline student-centric approaches through an examination of legislation on educational policy applied by the Greek government in the last five years. After twenty years from the last curricula (2003), the new curricula were published in a period when the government was introducing new legislation and promoting assessment in education. The curricula for primary education, according to the authors, focus on a student-centric approach but this is not confirmed in the content and objectives, as the analysis of the curricula in this article shows. The critical analysis in this article is conducted from the perspective of critical pedagogy and contributes to the highlights on the control mechanism and the neoconservative politics on education as a control mechanism.