bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a sugarcane bacilliform virus promoter that is activated by drought stress in plants
Authors: Sun Sheng-Ren , Wu Xiao-Bin , Chen Jian-Sheng , Huang Mei-Ting , Fu Hua-Ying , Wang Qin-Nan , Rott Philippe , Gao San-Ji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important sugar and biofuel crop in the world. It is frequently subjected to drought stress, thus causing considerable economic losses. Transgenic technology is an effective breeding approach to improve sugarcane tolerance to drought using drought-inducible promoter(s) to activate drought-resistance gene(s). In this study, six different promoters were cloned from sugarcane bacilliform virus (SCBV) genotypes exhibiting high genetic diversity. In β-glucuronidase (GUS) assays, expression of one of these promoters (PSCBV-YZ2060) is similar to the one driven by the CaMV 35S promoter and >90% higher compared to the other cloned promoters and Ubi1. Three SCBV promoters (PSCBV-YZ2060, PSCBV-TX, and PSCBV-CHN2) function as drought-induced promoters in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. In Arabidopsis, GUS activity driven by promoter PSCBV-YZ2060 is also upregulated by abscisic acid (ABA) and is 2.2–5.5-fold higher when compared to the same activity of two plant native promoters (PScRD29A from sugarcane and PAtRD29A from Arabidopsis). Mutation analysis revealed that a putative promoter region 1 (PPR1) and two ABA response elements (ABREs) are required in promoter PSCBV-YZ2060 to confer drought stress response and ABA induction. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays uncovered that transcription factors ScbZIP72 from sugarcane and AREB1 from Arabidopsis bind with two ABREs of promoter PSCBV-YZ2060. After ABA treatment or drought stress, the expression levels of endogenous ScbZIP72 and heterologous GUS are significantly increased in PSCBV-YZ2060:GUS transgenic sugarcane plants. Consequently, promoter PSCBV-YZ2060 is a possible alternative promoter for genetic engineering of drought-resistant transgenic crops such as sugarcane.
FliH and FliI help FlhA bring strict order to flagellar protein export in Salmonella
Authors: Kinoshita Miki , Minamino Tohru , Uchihashi Takayuki , Namba Keiichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe flagellar type III secretion system (fT3SS) switches substrate specificity from rod-hook-type to filament-type upon hook completion, terminating hook assembly and initiating filament assembly. The C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of FlhA (FlhAC) forms a homo-nonameric ring and is directly involved in substrate recognition, allowing the fT3SS to coordinate flagellar protein export with assembly. The highly conserved GYXLI motif (residues 368–372) of FlhAC induces dynamic domain motions of FlhAC required for efficient and robust flagellar protein export by the fT3SS, but it remains unknown whether this motif is also important for ordered protein export by the fT3SS. Here we analyzed two GYXLI mutants, flhA(GAAAA) and flhA(GGGGG), and provide evidence suggesting that the GYXLI motif in FlhAC requires the flagellar ATPase complex not only to efficiently remodel the FlhAC ring structure for the substrate specificity switching but also to correct substrate recognition errors that occur during flagellar assembly.
Topological assessment of recoverability in public transport networks
Authors: Massobrio Renzo , Cats Oded 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReducing the impact of disruptions is essential to provide reliable and attractive public transport. In this work, we introduce a topological approach for evaluating recoverability, i.e., the ability of public transport networks to return to their original performance level after disruptions, which we model as topological perturbations. We assess recoverability properties in 42 graph representations of metro networks and relate these to various topological indicators. Graphs include infrastructure and service characteristics, accounting for in-vehicle travel time, waiting time, and transfers. Results show a high correlation between recoverability and topological indicators, suggesting that more efficient networks (in terms of the average number of hops and the travel time between nodes) and denser networks can better withstand disruptions. In comparison, larger networks that feature more redundancy can rebound faster to normal performance levels. The proposed methodology offers valuable insights for planners when designing new networks or enhancing the recoverability of existing ones.
The paradox of collective climate action in rural U.S. ecovillages: ethnographic reflections and perspectives
Authors: Schelly Chelsea , Rubin Zach , Lockyer Joshua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAre ecovillages suited to the challenge of climate change and radical social transformation? While often framed as social experiments with the potential to support dramatic social change, we argue that ecovillages should be seen as more than that - complicated sites which both enable and constrain social action in the fight to stem the effects of climate change. As ethnographic researchers with a variety of experiences researching ecovillages, we critically examine some of the factors that affect the power of ecovillages to accomplish this mission, including governance modes that support reduced individual consumption patterns and impact; a commons infrastructure with decreased socioeconomic demands on members, and differing geographic locales with varying socio-political limitations. We conclude this piece by discussing how these factors should inform future research on the transformative nature of ecovillages.
UDT: U‐shaped deformable transformer for subarachnoid haemorrhage image segmentation
Authors: Xie Wei , Jin Lianghao , Hua Shiqi , Sun Hao , Sun Bo , Tu Zhigang , Liu Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSubarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), mostly caused by the rupture of intracranial aneurysm, is a common disease with a high fatality rate. SAH lesions are generally diffusely distributed, showing a variety of scales with irregular edges. The complex characteristics of lesions make SAH segmentation a challenging task. To cope with these difficulties, a u‐shaped deformable transformer (UDT) is proposed for SAH segmentation. Specifically, first, a multi‐scale deformable attention (MSDA) module is exploited to model the diffuseness and scale‐variant characteristics of SAH lesions, where the MSDA module can fuse features in different scales and adjust the attention field of each element dynamically to generate discriminative multi‐scale features. Second, the cross deformable attention‐based skip connection (CDASC) module is designed to model the irregular edge characteristic of SAH lesions, where the CDASC module can utilise the spatial details from encoder features to refine the spatial information of decoder features. Third, the MSDA and CDASC modules are embedded into the backbone Res‐UNet to construct the proposed UDT. Extensive experiments are conducted on the self‐built SAH‐CT dataset and two public medical datasets (GlaS and MoNuSeg). Experimental results show that the presented UDT achieves the state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Experiment sorting of non‐ferrous metals by new orientation of magnetic disk separator
Authors: Nadjib Kadri , Ayad Ahmed Nour El Islam , Bozkurt Ahmet Fevzi , Erkan Kadir , Alshareef Muhannad , Ali Enas , Molu Reagan Jean Jacques , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEddy‐current technique has been used in several industrial applications, such as non‐destructive testing and characterization, transmission systems, and separation processes. The main advantage of other separation techniques for eddy current separation is the absence of direct contact and do not use other liquid and water. This paper presents a novel configuration for a single‐disk vertical eddy current separator, covered by alternating permanent magnets. Unlike several other works, which employ a horizontal orientation for magnetic disks. The advantage is that it contains one driving motor, few strong permanent magnets, and a small size and simpler construction than the usual eddy‐current separators. In this work, the analysis of an eddy current separator with magnetic single disk using a numerical model based on finite element method, the obtained partial differential equation is done into the numeric solver. The experimental device was realized to separate two kinds of non‐ferrous waste: aluminium and copper. The experiment results show the effect of speed variation, metals size, and kind of metal on ejection distance.
Phase‐reconstruction from magnitude‐only data of electrically small antennas for body‐centric wireless communication
Authors: Nielsen Jonas Ørnskov , Kvist Søren Helstrup , Jakobsen Kaj Bjarne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA method for phase retrieval from magnitude‐only data for electrically small antennas intended for use in relation to body‐centric wireless communication, is presented. The method utilizes the spherical wave expansion (SWE) description of the electromagnetic field radiated by the antenna under test (AUT). The expansion coefficients of the SWE are optimized such that errors between the reconstructed and provided data magnitudes are as small as possible. The required additional phase information is acquired from additional magnitude‐only data sets of the AUT in different orientations. These orientations are defined by rotations of the AUT along the Eulerian angles. The performance of the method is evaluated for a realistic configuration, which consists of an inverted‐A antenna in the vicinity of an ear. The sensitivity of the method to the angular resolution of the field data, as well as to the Eulerian rotation accuracy, is investigated. Finally, the reconstruction method is tested on a set of practical antenna measurements conducted in an RF‐anechoic chamber.
Integration of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation into the Management of High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism: An Overview of Current Evidence
Authors: Chopard Romain , Morillo Raquel , Meneveau Nicolas , Jiménez David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) refers to a large embolic burden causing right ventricular failure and hemodynamic instability. It accounts for approximately 5% of all cases of PE but contributes significantly to overall PE mortality. Systemic thrombolysis is the first-line revascularization therapy in high-risk PE. Surgical embolectomy or catheter-directed therapy is recommended in patients with an absolute contraindication to systemic thrombolysis. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides respiratory and hemodynamic support for the most critically ill PE patients with refractory cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. The complex management of these individuals requires urgent yet coordinated multidisciplinary care. In light of existing evidence regarding the utility of ECMO in the management of high-risk PE patients, a number of possible indications for ECMO utilization have been suggested in the literature. Specifically, in patients with refractory cardiac arrest, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or refractory shock, including in cases of failed thrombolysis, venoarterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) should be considered, either as a bridge to percutaneous or surgical embolectomy or as a bridge to recovery after surgical embolectomy. We review here the current evidence on the use of ECMO as part of the management strategy for the highest-risk presentations of PE and summarize the latest data in this indication.
Factors Associated with Maternal Morbidity among Black Women in the United States
Authors: Ibrahim Sous Catrine , Moravec William , DeFranco Emily , Kelly Elizabeth A. , Rossi Robert M. 
Published: March 2024

Objective Non-Hispanic Black people (NHBP) have a three-fold higher rate of maternal mortality compared to other racial groups. Racial disparities in maternal morbidity are well-described; however, there are substantial differences in cultural, economic, and social determinants of health among racial groups. We thus sought to study the at-risk, non-Hispanic Black population as its own cohort to identify factors most associated with severe maternal morbidity (SMM).
Study Design This is a population-based retrospective case–control study of all live births in the United States between 2017 and 2019 using birth records obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. The primary outcome for this study was to determine demographic, social, medical, and obstetric factors associated with maternal morbidity among NHBP who did and did not experience an SMM event. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio between each individual factor and the outcome of SMM among NHBP.
Results Of the 1,624,744 NHBP who delivered between 2017 and 2019, 1.1% experienced an SMM event defined as a composite of blood product transfusion, eclamptic seizure, intensive care unit admission, unplanned hysterectomy, and uterine rupture. The rates of these individual SMM events per 10,000 deliveries were 50, 40, 20, 5, and 4 among NHBP, respectively. Among NHBP, factors associated in multivariable regression analysis with SMM in order of strength of association included cesarean delivery, earlier gestational age at delivery, preeclampsia, induction of labor, chronic hypertension, prior preterm birth, lower educational attainment, multifetal gestation, advanced maternal age, pregestational diabetes, and cigarette smoking. The population attributable fraction for cesarean delivery, preterm birth, and pregnancy-induced hypertensive disease for the outcome of SMM were 0.46, 0.23, and 0.07, respectively.
Conclusion The three factors most associated with SMM among NHBP are potentially avoidable or modifiable by aggressive screening, prevention, and treatment of preeclampsia and preterm birth as well as reducing cesarean rates in this population.
Key Points
Asymmetric Hydrogenative Coupling of Indoles with Unsaturated Ketones Enabled by Copper/Ruthenium Relay Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Jian , Guo Chen , Wang Chao , Tang Weijun , Xue Dong , Sun Huaming , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA relay catalytic system is developed for the asymmetric hydrogenative coupling of indoles with α,β-unsaturated ketones, affording enantioenriched chiral γ-indole alcohols with broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivities (32 examples, up to >99% ee). Mechanistic studies suggest that the relay catalytic system consists of copper-catalyzed alkylation and ruthenium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation.
Evaluation of the Association between Medication Use and Sleep Quality among Shift Workers versus Day Workers
Authors: Rosado Magda Margarida Granadeiro , Carvalho Lucinda Sofia , Coelho André 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective Different factors, such as medication use and shift work, can influence sleep quality. We aimed to determine the association between medication use and sleep quality in shift workers versus daytime workers.
Materials and Methods We conducted a quantitative cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of active workers. Online questionnaires were applied to assess sleep quality, sleepiness, medication use, and sociodemographic characteristics.
Results A total of 296 participants were included: 124 (41.89%) daytime workers and 172 (58.11%) shift workers. In total, 130 (43.92%) participants worked in the healthcare sector, 116 (39.19%), in industry, and 50 (16.89%), in other sectors. After a bivariate analysis, poor sleep quality was associated with the presence of sleep disorders (p < 0.001), type of work (shift or day work) (p < 0.001), and the use of sleeping medication (p < 0.001). Although shift workers had worse sleep quality, no differences were found regarding the use of medications that act directly on the central nervous system or with proven effects on sleep. No association was found between medication use and sleep quality. When adjusted for the different variables that were individually associated with poor sleep quality, through a logistic regression model, none showed an increased risk of poor sleep quality.
Discussion In spite of the need for further research, our results have shown that sleep quality is influenced by many different factors whose impact must be evaluated in combination, and not just in a bivariate manner. There are many factors individually associated with poor sleep quality, but when adjusted to each other, they have shown no increased risk of having poor sleep quality.
VAMP1-Related Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yıldırım Miraç , Yarenci Gülçin Bilicen , Genç Mustafa Berk , Uçar Çiğdem İlter , Bayav Secahattin , Tekin Merve Nur , Bektaş Ömer , Teber Serap 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCongenital myasthenic syndrome-25 (CMS-25) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by a homozygous mutation in VAMP1 gene. To date, only eight types of allelic variants in VAMP1 gene have been reported in 12 cases of CMS-25. Here, we report on an 8-year-old boy with motor developmental delay, axial hypotonia, myopathic face, muscle weakness, strabismus, ptosis, pectus carinatum, kyphoscoliosis, joint contractures, joint laxity, seizures, and recurrent nephrolithiasis. He also had feeding difficulties and recurrent aspiration pneumonia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging at 20 months of age showed left focal cerebellar hypoplasia. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous missense variant of c.202C > T (p.Arg68Ter) in the VAMP1 gene. Treatment with oral pyridostigmine was started, which resulted in mild improvement in muscle strength. Salbutamol syrup was added a few months later, but no significant improvement was observed. This case report presents novel findings such as focal cerebellar hypoplasia and nephrolithiasis in VAMP1-related CMS-25. Consequently, this case report extends the clinical spectrum. Further studies are needed to expand the genotype–phenotype correlations in VAMP1-related CMS-25.
A Crossover Trial Evaluating Coconut Oil as an Alternative to Commercial Ultrasound Gel in Obstetrical Ultrasounds
Authors: Edelman Claire , Rouse Caroline , Yang Ziyi , Cook Myanna , Daggy Joanne , Shanks Anthony 
Published: March 2024

Objective Our objective was to evaluate the quality of obstetrical ultrasound images obtained with coconut oil compared with commercial ultrasound gel and to assess patient acceptability.
Study Design This was a randomized two-period crossover study in which 40 pregnant patients had standard biometry images obtained with both coconut oil and commercial ultrasound gel during their growth or anatomy ultrasound. All images were then rated by two blinded maternal–fetal medicine physicians on quality, resolution, and detail using a 0 to 100 scale. Contrasts obtained from linear mixed models were used to estimate the differences in image parameters between the agents. Participant experience was evaluated with an acceptability survey which included five items measured on a five-point Likert scale.
Results Image quality, as rated by physicians, was found to be equivalent between commercial ultrasound gel and coconut oil. Additionally, there was not a statistically significant difference in image resolution or detail between the two coupling agents. The overall patient experience was significantly lower for commercial ultrasound gel when compared with coconut oil (mean difference = − 5.48, 95% confidence interval = [−6.89, −4.06]).
Conclusion Ultrasound images collected with coconut oil as the coupling agent are equivalent in quality to those collected using commercial ultrasound gel. Patients also preferred the use of coconut oil during their ultrasound, making its use a possible way to improve the patient ultrasound experience. Coconut oil has the potential as an alternative coupling agent that could significantly increase access to ultrasound use in resource-limited settings.
Key Points
Conceptual awareness levels of digital logistics among Turkish university students
Authors: Emre Adem , Somuncu Seher , Korkmaz Meltem , Demirci Ebru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe logistics industry has witnessed the emergence of digital technology as a central topic of discourse, and terminology associated with digital logistics has gained extensive usage among professionals in the transportation, logistics, and international trade sectors. Digital logistics is highly dependent on the accumulation of data from the logistical activities conducted by organizations. The implementation of a digitalized process presents organizations with novel prospects, such as decreased operational expenses, increased efficiency, and reduced uncertainties associated with order fulfillment. Additionally, digital logistics facilitates the enhancement of distribution methods for businesses. The post-graduation knowledge levels of students become significant factors for potential employers. University education plays a crucial role in imparting academic and technical expertize in the domain of logistics; therefore, it is critical that logistics programs integrate a greater number of digital courses. Academic institutions play a pivotal role in enabling students to gain consciousness and comprehension of emerging patterns and concepts. In light of this, the purpose of this research was to determine “the extent of digital logistics and digitalization conceptual awareness” among university students. The results of the study will be used as a guide for educational institutions like colleges to follow when it comes to incorporating digital courses into their curriculum. It was decided to use questionnaires for the purpose of data collecting. A statistical analysis was conducted on the information gathered from the university students. While most students had a good grasp of the concepts of AI, VR, digital supply chain, and transportation management systems, female students showed less familiarity with these phrases than their male counterparts. It is possible for universities to provide students with the opportunity to acquire knowledge of digital logistics concepts through the implementation of training courses, workshops, programs, and term projects. It is advisable to promote students’ acquisition of knowledge regarding digital technologies through the implementation of additional courses. The educational experience and students’ overall level of awareness can be greatly enhanced through partnerships between IT firms and institutions.