bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religiosity, Spirituality, and Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Women
Authors: Mann Joshua R. , McKeown Robert E. , Bacon Janice , Vesselinov Roumen , Bush Freda 
Published: December 2007

Objective: Depression during pregnancy has potential repercussions for both women and infants. Religious and spiritual characteristics may be associated with fewer depressive symptoms. This study examines the association between religiosity/spirituality and depressive symptoms in pregnant women. Method: Pregnant women in three southern obstetrics practices were included in a cross sectional study evaluating religiosity, spirituality, and depressive symptoms. Symptoms of depression were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The depression outcome was measured in two ways: the EPDS score as a continuous outcome, and a score at or above the recommended EPDS cutoff (> 14). A wide array of potential confounders was addressed. Special attention was given to the interplay between religiosity/spirituality, social support, and depressive symptoms. Results: The mean EPDS score was 9.8 out of a maximum possible score of 30. Twenty-eight women (8.1%) scored above the recommended EPDS cutoff score. Overall religiosity/spirituality was significantly associated with fewer depressive symptoms when controlling for significant covariates, but there was a significant interaction such that the association became weaker as social support increased. Social support did not appear to be an important mediator (intermediate step) in the pathway between religiosity/spirituality and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Religiosity and spirituality may help protect from depressive symptoms when social support is lacking. Longitudinal research is needed to assess the directionality of the observed relationships.
Spatial distribution of labile and total forms of copper and zinc in sediments from the Port of Gdansk
Authors: Radke Barbara , Dembska Grażyna , Aftanas Barbara , Kowalczyk Aneta , Bolałek Jerzy 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Sediment cores were collected from a number of sites in the Port of Gdansk in 1997 and 1998. The samples were segregated by depth then dried, homogenised and sieved into four grain size fractions (>2.00 mm, 2.00 - 0.063 mm, 0.063 - 0.032 mm, and 0.032 mm) Small-grained sand with a low admixture of silt predominated in all samples, whilst the amount of organic matter and water varied between samples. The 2.00 - 0.063 mm size fraction was the most abundant; and also showed the highest accumulation of trace metals. In the >2.00 mm size fraction the mean concentration of labile forms of copper was 9.06 mg kg-1 DW, while the concentration of total forms was 12.73 mg kg-1 DW. The mean concentrations of labile and total forms of zinc in this fraction were 31.79 and 46.27 mg kg-1 DW, respectively. The widest ranges of concentrations for both labile and total forms of the metals were found in the near-surface sediment layers (0-20 cm). Sediments collected from highly industrialized locations contained the highest concentrations of metals.
Folliculinids - epibiotic ciliates from Puck Bay
Authors: Jaszczołt Joanna , Szaniawska Anna 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
The present paper reports on the occurrence of the epibiotic ciliates of the family Folliculinidae Dons on the American crayfish Orconectes limosus (Raf., 1817). This is the first report of folliculinid ciliates from coastal waters of Puck Bay observed on animal substrata.
Distribution of migration (state) forms of microelements in the sediments of the ports of Klaipėda and Gdańsk
Authors: Pustelnikovas Olegas , Dembska Grażyna , Szefer Piotr , Radke Barbara , Bolałek Jerzy 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
During investigations of the Baltic Sea basin significant differences have become manifest in the distribution of certain chemical elements in different chains of the geo (-eco) system (soils, river, lagoon and marine sediments). This paper presents data on the quantitative relationships of elements resulting from interactions of natural sedimentation processes and the possible human impact on the sediments from two port areas. The total (T), lithogenic (LG; stable) and hydrogenic (HG; mobile, reactive) migration forms of Zn, Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni were analysed. The HG component comprises that pool of the elements contained in readily degrading minerals; increases in this form potentially being an indicator of adverse human impacts. The distribution of total forms depends on the quantity of the sediment fraction with grain size < 0.063 mm (fr. < 0.063 mm) and on the concentration of organic content (Corg).
With increasing sediment depth, the concentration of elements decreases sharply, although HG concentrations were seen to increase on several occasions. One explanation for such findings is the mineralisation and decomposition of metals from the remnants of biological activities of organisms (pellets, globules) into the sediments. Element concentrations in the natural sedimentation zone (NSZ) of the marine-influenced North Port at Gdańsk are less than in the NSZ and technogenic sedimentation zone (TSZ) of the riverine part of the port of Gdańsk. The ratios between HG, LG and T in the two sedimentation zones are different for different elements, but are always higher in the TSZ than in the NSZ. Multi-site analyses of the port basins allowed NSZ and TSZ to be distinguished. The TSZ is typified by anomalous concentrations of elements, the specific distribution of their migration forms, the semi-stagnant conditions prevailing there and the proximity of human impact sources. The data presented in this paper indicate that the concentrations of only some of the elements in the TSZ sediments of the ports of Klaipėda and Gdańsk exceed the permitted norms for spoil dredged from port basins. By no means can the total load of elements contained in the spoil dumped at sea be treated as an indicator of marine pollution. For an objective assessment of the real pollution threat to port environments, detailed investigations of the various migration forms of chemical elements need to be carried out, and previously established levels revised.
Assimilation experiments in the Gdansk Basin (the southeastern Baltic): How useful are the sea level data from coastal tide gauges for modelling of hydrophysical fields?
Authors: Jankowski Andrzej , Jądrasik Jan 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
In the Baltic modelling research, assimilation techniques were developed with advance. They were concerned to model assimilated basic parameters and observed them directly. In present paper, the most important was the assimilation of surface information and its projection deep into temperature and salinity fields. In oceanic investigations altimetry viewed from satellite was the sea level changes projected far inside and predetermined surface-to-subsurface correlations. To obtain improved modelled hydrophysical fields, sea level variations measured at coastal gauges and efficient data assimilation were taken into account. A data assimilation algorithm has been developed and used in conjunction with a three-dimensional baroclinic model of the Baltic Sea. It was based on a time and space weighted nudging technique. The sea level data were inserted continuously by updating the model solution every time step. Several sensitivity experiments with different values of time and spatial weighting scales were performed. In first series of experiments, only sea level data (SL) were assimilated. In the next simulations, seawater temperature (SWT) and seawater salinity (SWS) related directly to SL were assimilated. To evaluate the effectiveness of the assimilation scheme, modelled sea level series and vertical profiles of seawater temperature and salinity in selected coastal gauges in the Gdansk Basin were examined. Evidently low but statistically essential correlation coefficients indicated nonlinear character of vertical mixing and transfer processes. Decreasing errors obtained while comparing the model results to a control case without assimilation confirmed a real transfer of surface information deep and usefulness of such approach in modelling.
Spatial ordination of vegetation data using a generalization of Wartenberg's multivariate spatial correlation
Authors: Dray Stéphane , Saïd Sonia , Débias Françis 
Published: December 2007

AbstractQuestion:Are there spatial structures in the composition of plant communities?Methods:Identification and measurement of spatial structures is a topic of great interest in plant ecology. Univariate measurements of spatial autocorrelation such as Moran'sIand Geary's c are widely used, but extensions to the multivariate case (i.e. multi‐species) are rare. Here, we propose a multivariate spatial analysis based on Moran'sI(MULTISPATI) by introducing a row‐sum standardized spatial weight matrix in the statistical triplet notation. This analysis, which is a generalization of Wartenberg's approach to multivariate spatial correlation, would imply a compromise between the relations among many variables (multivariate analysis) and their spatial structure (autocorrelation). MULTISPATI approach is very flexible and can handle various kinds of data (quantitative and/or qualitative data, contingency tables).A study is presented to illustrate the method using a spatial version of Correspondence Analysis.Location:Territoire d'Etude et d'Expérimentation de Trois‐Fontaines (eastern France).Results:Ordination of vegetation plots by this spatial analysis is quite robust with reference to rare species and highlights spatial patterns related to soil properties.
Soft-bed experiments beneath Engabreen, Norway:regelation infiltration, basal slip and bed deformation
Authors: Iverson N.R. , Hooyer T.S. , Fischer U.H. , Cohen D. , Moore P.L. , Jackson M. , Lappegard G. , Kohler J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTo avoid some of the limitations of studying soft-bed processes through boreholes, a prism of simulated till (1.8 m × 1.6 m × 0.45 m) with extensive instrumentation was constructed in a trough blasted in the rock bed of Engabreen, a temperate glacier in Norway. Tunnels there provide access to the bed beneath 213 m of ice. Pore-water pressure was regulated in the prism by pumping water to it. During experiments lasting 7–12 days, the glacier regelated downward into the prism to depths of 50–80 mm, accreting ice-infiltrated till at rates predicted by theory. During periods of sustained high pore-water pressure (70–100% of overburden), ice commonly slipped over the prism, due to a water layer at the prism surface. Deformation of the prism was activated when this layer thinned to a sub-millimeter thickness. Shear strain in the till was pervasive and decreased with depth. A model of slip by ploughing of ice-infiltrated till across the prism surface accounts for the slip that occurred when effective pressure was sufficiently low or high. Slip at low effective pressures resulted from water-layer thickening that increased non-linearly with decreasing effective pressure. If sufficiently widespread, such slip over soft glacier beds, which involves no viscous deformation resistance, may instigate abrupt increases in glacier velocity.
Sensitivity of ocean circulation and sea-ice conditions to loss of West Antarctic ice shelves and ice sheet
Authors: Bougamont Marion , Hunke Elizabeth , Tulaczyk Slawek 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe use a global coupled ocean-sea ice model to test the hypothesis that the disintegration of the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS), or just its ice shelves, may modify ocean circulation and sea-ice conditions in the Southern Ocean. We compare the results of three model runs: (1) a control run with a standard (modern) configuration of landmask in West Antarctica, (2) a no-shelves run with West Antarctic ice shelves removed and (3) a no-WAIS run. In the latter two runs, up to a few million square kilometres of new sea surface area opens to sea-ice formation, causing the volume and extent of Antarctic sea-ice cover to increase compared with the control run. In general, near-surface waters are cooler around Antarctica in the no-shelves and no-WAIS model runs than in the control run, while warm intermediate and deep waters penetrate further south, increasing poleward heat transport. Varying regional responses to the imposed changes in landmask configuration are determined by the fact that Antarctic polynyas and fast ice develop in different parts of the model domain in each run. Model results suggest that changes in the extent of WAIS may modify oceanographic conditions in the Southern Ocean.
Inferences from stable water isotopes on the Holocene evolution of Scharffenbergbotnen blue-ice area, East Antarctica
Authors: Sinisalo Anna , Grinsted Aslak , Moore John C. , Meijer Harro A.J. , Martma Tõnu , Van De Wal Roderik S.W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe show that it is possible to extract a high-resolution (annual) paleoclimate record from the surface of a blue-ice area (BIA). The variability of the surface stable-isotope values suggests that almost all the surface ice in Scharffenbergbotnen BIA, East Antarctica, is of Holocene age. The isotopic changes across the BIA show that the modern climate there is warmer than the climate in the early-Holocene optimum (11 kyr BP). A volume-conserving ice flow model for the BIA constrained by isotopic variability and layer thicknesses, and a series of 14C ages indicate both that the BIA has been smaller than now, and that the surface velocities were considerably smaller during the Last Glacial Maximum. Changes in ice-sheet thickness drive the BIA towards present-day conditions. The relatively young age of the majority of the BIA also explains the lack of meteorite finds in this area, and may be typical for many BIAs in low-elevation nunatak areas.
Weak Attractive Ligand–Polymer and Related Interactions in Catalysis and Reactivity: Impact, Applications, and Modeling
Authors: Chan Michael C. W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe notion of weak attractive ligand–polymer interactions is introduced, and its potential application, importance, and conceptual links with “cooperative” ligand–substrate interactions are discussed. Synthetic models of weak attractive ligand–polymer interactions are described, in which intramolecular weak CH⋅⋅⋅FC interactions (the existence of which remains contentious) have been detected by NMR spectroscopy and neutron and X‐ray diffraction experiments. These CH⋅⋅⋅FC interactions carry important implications for the design of catalysts for olefin polymerization, because they provide support for the practical feasibility of ortho‐F⋅⋅⋅Hβ ligand–polymer contacts proposed for living Group 4 fluorinated phenoxyimine catalysts. The notion of weak attractive noncovalent interactions between an “active” ligand and the growing polymer chain is a novel concept in polyolefin catalysis.
RhIII‐ and IrIII‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones in Water
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Li Xiaohong , Zanotti‐Gerosa Antonio , Pettman Allan , Liu Jianke , Mills Allan James , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAsymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of ketones by formate in neat water is shown to be viable with Rh‐TsDPEN and Ir‐TsDPEN catalysts, derived in situ from [Cp*MCl2]2 (M=Rh, Ir) and TsDPEN. A variety of ketones were reduced, including nonfunctionalized aryl ketones, heteroaryl ketones, ketoesters, and unsaturated ketones. In comparison with Ir‐TsDPEN and the related RuII catalyst, the RhIII catalyst is most efficient in water, affording enantioselectivities of up to 99 % ee at substrate/catalyst (S/C) ratios of 100–1000 even without working under an inert atmosphere. The aqueous phase reduction is shown to be highly pH‐dependent; the optimum pH windows for TOF greater than 50 mol mol−1 h−1 for Rh‐ and Ir‐TsDPEN are 5.5–10.0 and 6.5–8.5, respectively. Outside the pH window, the reduction becomes slow or stagnant depending on the pH. However, the enantioselectivities erode only under acidic conditions. At a higher S/C ratio, the aqueous ATH by Rh‐TsDPEN is shown to be product‐ as well as byproduct‐inhibited; the product inhibition appears to stem at least partly from the reaction being reversible. The aqueous phase reduction is simple, efficient and environmentally benign, thus presenting a viable alternative for asymmetric reduction.
Ultrastructure and synaptic differences of the boutons of the projection neurons between the lip and collar regions of the mushroom bodies in the ant, Cataglyphis albicans
Authors: Seid Marc A. , Wehner Rüdiger 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe mushroom bodies of insects are viewed as key neuropils for sensory integration and perhaps learning and memory. In Hymenoptera, particularly ants, the calyx of the mushroom bodies is divided into two main regions, the lip and the collar. Although most ants are highly dependent on olfaction and have enlarged calyces comprised mostly of lip, some ant groups are also highly visual and have well‐developed collars. The desert ant Cataglyphis albicans, known for its navigational abilities, shifts from the dark olfactory demanding nest interior to the visually demanding desert environment, and unlike many other ants their mushroom bodies are comprised of both a well‐developed lip and collar. In this study, using electron microscope serial‐sectioning and 3D‐reconstructions, we show that axonal processes that innervate the lip and collar are inherently different in structure and synaptic connectivity. The boutons of the lip are larger, with more synaptic vesicles and larger synapses than the collar, while boutons of the collar have more postsynaptic partners per synapse. Our morphological findings suggest that the signals originating from olfactory projection neurons that innervate the lip appear stronger and more likely to propagate than signals that innervate the collar, while the signals entering the collar appear relatively weaker and are further integrated between more postsynaptic partners. We discuss the differences of the signaling properties between the lip and collar projection neurons and suggest that the greater postsynaptic integration in the collar is presumably for spatial processing for visual navigation in Cataglyphis. J. Comp. Neurol. 507: 1102–1108, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geoarchaeological context of clovis and western stemmed tradition sites in Dietz Basin, Lake County, Oregon
Authors: Pinson Ariane O. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDescription and analysis of 57 exposures in Dietz Basin, Lake County, Oregon, are used to investigate the paleoenvironmental context of the Clovis and Early Archaic occupations. Prior research suggested that a series of shallow permanent lakes in the basin acted as a draw for foragers during the Pleistocene‐Holocene transition (11,500–9000 RCYBP). However, the stratigraphic studies described here show that all lakes predate human occupation. During the Clovis period, a shift to warmer, drier climates was marked by the formation of a rainfallcontrolled playa‐lunette system. Lunette formation ceased with a return to colder, wetter climates during the Younger Dryas, which led to formation of a wet meadow in the basin. The shift to progressively warmer, drier climates after 9600 RCYBP led first to the formation of a second playa‐lunette system in Dietz Basin, and then to the establishment of a dry basin‐floor environment that persisted into the modern period. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Late evening brain activation patterns and their relation to the internal biological time, melatonin, and homeostatic sleep debt
Authors: Gorfine Tali , Zisapel Nava 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSleep propensity increases sharply at night. Some evidence implicates the pineal hormone melatonin in this process. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, brain activation during a visual search task was examined at 22:00 h (when endogenous melatonin levels normally increase). The relationships between brain activation, endogenous melatonin (measured in saliva), and self‐reported fatigue were assessed. Finally, the effects of exogenous melatonin administered at 22:00 h were studied in a double blind, placebo‐controlled crossover manner. We show that brain activation patterns as well as the response to exogenous melatonin significantly differ at night from those seen in afternoon hours. Thus, activation in the rostro‐medial and lateral aspects of the occipital cortex and the thalamus diminished at 22:00 h. Activation in the right parietal cortex increased at night and correlated with individual fatigue levels, whereas exogenous melatonin given at 22:00 h reduced activation in this area. The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an area considered to reflect homeostatic sleep debt, demonstrated increased activation at 22:00 h. Surprisingly, this increase correlated with endogenous melatonin. These results demonstrate and partially differentiate circadian effects (whether mediated by melatonin or not) and homeostatic sleep debt modulation of human brain activity associated with everyday fatigue at night. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of HPLC‐APCI‐MS conditions for the qualitative and quantitative determination of total solanesol in tobacco leaves
Authors: Chen Junhui , Liu Jie , Lee Frank Sen‐Chun , Wang Xiaoru 
Published: December 2007

AbstractHPLC coupled online with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization MS (APCI‐MS) technique was evaluated for the qualitative and quantitative determination of solanesol in extracts of tobacco leaves. The solanesol and other compounds in the extract were separated on an Alltima C8 (4.6 mm×250 mm) column with methanol and water (98:2 v/v) as mobile phase, with flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and UV detection wavelength of 211 nm. In the APCI+ mode, abundant stable [M–H2O + H]+ ion (m/z at 613.5) was observed, with low abundance of other fragmentation ions. A comparison of APCI‐MS and ESI‐MS techniques showed that APCI mode is more sensitive than ESI mode, and thus better suited for solanesol analysis. When comparing UV 211 nm and APCI‐MS in SIM for solanesol quantification, the former offered better precision and reproducibility, but the latter was more than 200 times sensitive in detection. The developed method has been successfully applied to the analysis and comparison of solanesol concentration in different tobacco leaf samples.
1H, 13C and 15N NMR studies on adducts formation of rhodium(II) tetraacylates with some azoles in CDCl3 solution
Authors: Bocian Wojciech , Jaźwiński Jarosław , Sadlej Agnieszka 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAdduct formations of rhodium(II) tetraacetate and tetratrifluoroacetate with some 1H‐imidazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, 1H‐pyrazoles and isoxazole have been investigated by the use of 1H, 13C, 15N NMR and electronic absorption spectroscopy (VIS) in the visible range. Azoles tend to form axial adducts containing rhodium(II) tetraacylates bonded via nitrogen atom. Bulky substituents close to the nitrogen atom prevent the RhN bond formation, and in several cases switch over the binding site to the oxygen or sulphur atoms. The 15N adduct formation shift Δδ(15N) (Δδ = δadduct − δligand) varied from ca − 40 to − 70 ppm for the nitrogen atom involved in complexation, and of a few parts per million only, from ca − 6 to 3 ppm, for the non‐bonded nitrogen atom within the same molecule. The Δδ(1H) values do not exceed one ppm; Δδ(13C) ranges from − 1 to 6 ppm. Various complexation modes have been proved by electronic absorption spectroscopy in the visible region (VIS). For comparison purposes, some adducts of pyridine, thiophene and furan derivatives have been measured as well. The experimental findings were compared with calculated chemical shifts, obtained by means of DFT B3LYP method, using 6‐311 + G(2d,p), 6‐31(d)/LanL2DZ and 6‐311G(d,p) basis set. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.