bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A work system theory perspective on talent management and systems
Authors: Thakurta Rahul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDevelopments in the field of talent management have been noteworthy for some time now. The talent management systems (TMS), which were an offshoot of the emergent needs, represent an integrated set of analytical tools to create and manage talents. Following the narrative review technique, this paper discusses the academic literature on talent management and systems. The findings unveil the complexity of talent and talent management, the rise of talent analytics and their contributions to organizations. Growing interest in information systems in talent management was evident; however, research linking TMS to the organization and contexts was limited. To visualize this linkage, we adopt a systems perspective, leveraging the work system framework (WSF). Pivoted on the WSF, we identify several research opportunities in which TMS is positioned as the core of the investigations, which could serve as useful contributions to the related domains.
Developmental formulation of sustainable plant consortium based pesticide and its prominent pesticidal activity
Authors: Lavanya M. , Namasivayam S. Karthick Raja , Priyanka S. , Sandhiya M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChemical pesticides in crop protection pose long‐term threats to living beings due to their harmful side effects. Plant consortium, a mixture of diverse plant extracts and biomedicine, has gained attention for integrated pest management. Developmental formulations increase bioavailability of bioactive constituents, enhancing desired biological activities. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the pesticidal activity of the plant consortium composed of Zingiber officinale, Allium sativum, and Capsicum annuum against Spodoptera litura under laboratory condition. Followed by measuring pesticidal activity, ecotoxicity of prepared formulation was investigated. The plant consortium was prepared from the selected plant extracts through green science principles. The presence of possible bioactive compounds in plant consortium prepared from ethanolic extracts of selected plants was determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS). Pesticidal activity of the prepared consortium was investigated against S. litura by determination of cumulative mortality, lethal concentration. Active principles of pesticidal activity associated with plant consortium was readily extracted in ethanol. Prepared consortium revealed notable pesticidal activity against S. litura larval stages by recording high mortality and least LC50 and LC90. The plant consortium has not shown any ecotoxic effect which was confirmed by no sign of toxic effects on plant growth parameters of seedlings. Ecotoxicity of proposed consortium was also studied by measuring the soil parameters and phytotoxicity assessment. The present study suggests the possible utilization of presently proposed plant consortium as an effective pesticidal agent without affecting ecosystem.
A closer look at the U(1)B−L explanation of the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies
Authors: Ferreira P. M. , Gonçalves B. L. , Joaquim F. R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We revisit the gauged U(1)B−L explanation of the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies, in which the new gauge boson is the hypothetical X(17) particle. It is known that the vanilla B − L scenario is unable to account for appropriate couplings, namely the suppression of the couplings of X(17) to neutrinos, which motivates adding vector-like leptons. The simplest case, in which the new fields have B − L charges equal to 1, is highly disfavoured since it requires large mixing with the Standard Model fields. One solution recently put forward is to consider large B − L charges to counterbalance small mixing. We show that, in this scenario, and after taking into account several phenomenological constraints, the dominant contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g − 2)μ is expected to be extremely large and with a negative sign, being thus excluded by experiment.
Exploring CP violation beyond the Standard Model and the PQ quality with electric dipole moments
Authors: Choi Kiwoon , Im Sang Hui , Jodłowski Krzysztof 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In some models of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), one of the leading low energy consequences of the model appears in the form of the chromo-electric dipole moments (CEDMs) of the gluons and light quarks. We examine if these CEDMs can be distinguished from the QCD θ-term through the experimentally measurable nuclear and atomic electric dipole moments (EDMs) in both cases with and without the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) mechanism solving the strong CP problem. We find that the nucleon EDMs show a distinctive pattern when the EDMs are dominantly induced by the light quark CEDMs without the PQ mechanism. In the presence of the PQ mechanism, the QCD θ-parameter corresponds to the vacuum value of the axion field, which might be induced either by CEDMs or by UV-originated PQ breaking other than the QCD anomaly, for instance the PQ breaking by quantum gravity effects. We find that in case with the PQ mechanism the nucleon EDMs have a similar pattern regardless of what is the dominant source of EDMs among the CEDMs and θ-term, unless there is a significant cancellation between the contributions from different sources. In contrast, some nuclei or atomic EDMs can have characteristic patterns significantly depending on the dominant source of EDMs, which may allow identifying the dominant source among the CEDMs and θ-term. Yet, discriminating the gluon CEDM from the QCD θ-parameter necessitates additional knowledge of low energy parameters induced by the gluon CEDM, which is not available at the moment. Our results imply that EDMs can reveal unambiguous sign of CEDMs while identifying the origin of the axion vacuum value, however it requires further knowledge of low energy parameters induced by the gluon CEDM.
Hwang-Oguiso invariants and frozen singularities in special geometry
Authors: Cecotti Sergio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In Special Geometry there are two inequivalent notions of “Kodaira type” for a singular fiber: one associated with its local monodromy and one with its Hwang-Oguiso characteristic cycle. When the two Kodaira types are not equal the geometry is subtler and its deformation space gets smaller (“partially frozen” singularities). The paper analyzes the physical interpretation of the Hwang-Oguiso invariant in the context of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 QFT and describes the surprising phenomena which appear when it does not coincide with the monodromy type. The Hwang-Oguiso multiple fibers are in one-to-one correspondence with the partially frozen singularities in M-theory compactified on a local elliptic K3: a chain of string dualities relates the two geometric set-ups. Paying attention to a few subtleties, this correspondence explains in purely geometric terms how the “same” Kodaira elliptic fiber may have different deformations spaces. The geometric computation of the number of deformations agrees with the physical expectations. At the end we briefly outline the implications of the Hwang-Oguiso invariants for the classification program of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs.
Simulation-based inference in the search for CP violation in leptonic WH production
Authors: Barrué Ricardo , Muíño Patricia Conde , Dao Valerio , Santos Rui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sources of CP violation beyond the Standard Model (BSM) are required to explain the baryonic asymmetry of the Universe. In this work, we study BSM CP-violating components in the HWW interaction in WH production, parametrized by an effective dimension-6 CP-odd operator. We explore a machine learning simulation-based inference method that estimates a detector-level optimal observable — SALLY — comparing it with energy-dependent and angular observables, exploring different binnings for their distributions. We show that in regions of phase space where the interference between SM and the effective operator dominates, the SALLY observable leads to optimal limits. In regions where effects of the quadratic term of the effective operator start becoming dominant, such an observable still leads to optimal limits. This work aims to test current multivariate techniques and inform analysis strategies for LHC Run 3 and beyond.
Prämaligne, zystische Neoplasien und neuroendokrine Tumoren des Pankreaskopfes – Ist die Kausch-Whipple-Resektion eine adäquate Therapie?
Authors: Beger Hans G. 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDas gegenwärtig am häufigsten angewendete operative Verfahren bei symptomatischen, benignen, prämalignen zystischen und neuroendokrinen Tumoren des Pankreaskopfs ist die Whipple-Operation oder pyloruserhaltende Pankreatoduodenektomie (PD); die PD ist jedoch eine Multiorganresektion, bei der pankreatisches und extrapankreatisches Gewebe sowie dessen Funktionen verloren gehen. Die PD ist auch bei benignen Neoplasien mit dem Risiko erheblicher Komplikationen in der frühen postoperativen Phase assoziiert und geht mit einer Krankenhausmortalität von bis zu 5 % einher. Nach Whipple-Operation wird bei 14–20 % der Patienten ein sich neu manifestierender Diabetes mellitus beobachtet, bei 25–45 % tritt eine exokrine Insuffizienz auf, was zu einer nach Resektion benigner Tumoren persistierenden metabolischen Dysfunktion und Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität führt. Symptomatische Neoplasien sind Indikation für die operative Therapie. Patienten mit asymptomatischen Pankreastumoren werden gemäß den Kriterien von Surveillance-Protokollen behandelt. Ziel der operativen Therapie bei asymptomatischen Patienten ist entsprechend den Leitlinienkriterien der Abbruch des Surveillance-Programms, bevor sich eine fortgeschrittene Krebserkrankung im Zusammenhang mit der Neoplasie entwickelt. Die Tumorenukleation und duodenumerhaltende Pankreaskopfresektion, entweder total oder partiell, sind parenchymsparende Resektionen bei benignen Neoplasien des Pankreaskopfs. Erste Wahl bei kleinen Tumoren ist die Enukleation; allerdings ist diese mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Pankreasfisteln von Grad B + C nach Pankreas-Hauptgangverletzung assoziiert. Vorteile der duodenumerhaltenden totalen oder partiellen Pankreaskopfresektion sind geringe operationsbedingte Komplikationen, eine Mortalität von < 0,5 % und die Aufrechterhaltung der endo- und exokrinen Pankreasfunktionen. Parenchymsparende Pankreaskopfresektionen sollten die klassischen Whipple-Operationen bei Neoplasien des Pankreaskopfs ablösen.
Laparoscopy training of novices with complex curved instruments using 2D- and 3D-visualization
Authors: Hidding Johanna , Bucher Julian , Heiliger Christian , Andrade Dorian , Trupka Lukas , Halmen Matthias , Werner Jens , Karcz Konrad , Frank Alexander 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Beside many advantages, disadvantages such as reduced degrees of freedom and poorer depth perception are still apparent in laparoscopic surgery. 3D visualization and the development of complex instruments are intended to counteract the disadvantages. We want to find out whether the use of complex instruments and 3D visualization has an influence on the performance of novices.

Methods
48 medical students with no experience in laparoscopic surgery or simulator-based laparoscopy training were included. They were randomized in four groups according to a stratification assessment. During a structured training period they completed the FLS-Tasks “PEG Transfer”, “Pattern Cut” and “Intracorporeal Suture” and a transfer task based on these three. Two groups used conventional laparoscopic instruments with 3D or 2D visualization, two groups used complex curved instruments. The groups were compared in terms of their performance.

Results
In 2D laparoscopy there was a better performance with straight instruments vs. curved instruments in PEG Transfer and Intracorporeal Suture. In the transfer task, fewer errors were made with straight instruments. In 2D vs. 3D laparoscopy when using complex curved instruments there was an advantage in Intracorporeal Suture and PEG Transfer for 3D visualization. Regarding the transfer exercise, a better performance was observed and fewer errors were made in 3D group.

Conclusion
We could show that learning laparoscopic techniques with complex curved instruments is more difficult with standard 2D visualization and can be overcome using 3D optics. The use of curved instruments under 3D vision seems to be advantageous when working on more difficult tasks.
Next-generation microbiological testing in intraabdominal infections with PCR technology
Authors: Horn Julian , Höhn Philipp , Strotmann Johanna , Majchrzak-Stiller Britta , Buchholz Marie , Uhl Waldemar , Herzog Torsten 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intraabdominal infections (IAI) are increasing worldwide and are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. Among IAI, the number of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) is increasing globally. We tested the Unyvero A50® for intraabdominal infections, compared the detected microorganisms and antibiotic resistance, and compared the results with those of routine microbiology.

Methods
We prospectively compared samples obtained from surgical patients using PCR-based Unyvero IAI cartridges against routine microbiology for the detection of microorganisms. Additionally, we identified clinical parameters that correlated with the microbiological findings. Data were analyzed using the t-test and Mann–Whitney U test.

Results
Sixty-two samples were analyzed. The PCR system identified more microorganisms, mostly Bacteroides species, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. For bacterial resistance, the PCR system results were fully concordant with those of routine microbiology, resulting in a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of 100%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for the detection of microorganisms were 74%, 58%, 60%, and 72%, respectively. CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with detectable microorganisms. We identified more microorganisms and bacterial resistance in hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infections by using the PCR system.

Discussion
IAI warrants early identification of the microorganisms involved and their resistance to allow for adequate antibiotic therapy. PCR systems enable physicians to rapidly adjust their antibiotic treatment. Conventional microbiological culture and testing remain essential for determining the minimal growth inhibition concentrations for antibiotic therapy.
Resolving the Centipede’s Dilemma: external focus distance and expertise in applied, continuous skills
Authors: Banks Stephen , Higgins Peter , Sproule John , Pool Ursula 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch has reliably demonstrated that an external focus of attention during skill production enhances performance, retention, and transfer relative to an internal focus on movement mechanics. The optimisation of external focus points, across a range of contexts and performers, is important for effective skill production. Two studies were conducted evaluating the impact of external focus distance in an applied, continuous sports skill (kayak sprinting) with participants of two different expertise levels. In Study 1, using a within-participants design, recreational kayakers (n = 20) were timed sprinting 75 m in a surf ski under proximal external focus, distal external focus, and control conditions. The distal focus (on the finish) (29.75 s) was significantly faster than both other trials (ps < 0.001). The control condition (30.95 s) was significantly faster than the proximal focus (on the boat) (32.37 s) (p = 0.003). The effect size was large (ηp2 = 0.55). In Study 2, specifically trained racers in sprint kayaks (K1s) (n = 16) were timed in a 100 m K1 sprint under the same three conditions as in Study 1. The control condition (28.96 s) was significantly faster than the proximal focus trial (29.83 s) (p = 0.02). The effect size was large (ηp2 = 0.23). There was no significant difference between the distal focus trial (29.03 s) and the other conditions. These findings suggest that focus distance can play a pivotal role in continuous skills. Whilst recreational performers may benefit immediately from a distal focus, this might not be the case for specifically trained athletes. Further, a proximal focus on fitted, passive equipment may be detrimental to performance.
Development of postoperative bronchopleural fistula after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Zhao Renshan , Guan Xiaomin , Zhang Peng , Liu Yunpeng , Xu Yinghui , Sun Chao , Qiu Shi , Zhu Wenhao , Yang Zhiguang , Wang Xu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has dramatically changed the treatment paradigm for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to the complexity and diversity of stage III disease, the inclusion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in neoadjuvant treatment regimens is also required. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) limit the application of ICIs to a certain extent. Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a serious and fatal complication after pneumonectomy that is rarely reported, especially in patients who accept neoadjuvant immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy.

Case presentation
Herein, we reported four patients with postoperative BPF who received a neoadjuvant regimen of sintilimab plus chemotherapy. Postoperative BPF occurred in the late stage in three patients; one patient underwent bronchoscopic fistula repair, and the fistula was closed well after surgery, and the other two patients gradually recovered within 1–2 months after symptomatic treatment with antibiotics. One patient with BPF after left pneumonectomy died of respiratory failure due to pulmonary infection. We also reviewed the literature on the development of postoperative BPF in patients receiving immuno-neoadjuvant therapy to discuss the clinical process further, postoperative pathological changes, as well as risk factors of BPF patients.

Conclusions
Central type lung cancer with stage III may be the risk factors of BPF in cases of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for lung cancers patients.
Quartz crystal microbalance–based aptasensor integrated with magnetic pre-concentration system for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food samples
Authors: Beyazit Fatma , Arica Mehmet Yakup , Acikgoz-Erkaya Ilkay , Ozalp Cengiz , Bayramoglu Gulay 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA fast and accurate identification of Listeria monocytogenes. A new quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) aptasensor was designed for the specific and rapid detection of L. monocytogenes. Before detection of the target bacterium from samples in the QCM aptasensor, a magnetic pre-enrichment system was used to eliminate any contaminant in the samples. The prepared magnetic system was characterized using ATR-FTIR, SEM, VSM, BET, and analytical methods. The saturation magnetization values of the Fe3O4, Fe3O4@PDA, and Fe3O4@PDA@DAPEG particles were 57.2, 40.8, and 36.4 emu/g, respectively. The same aptamer was also immobilized on the QCM crystal integrated into QCM flow cell and utilized to quantitatively detect L. monocytogenes cells from the samples. It was found that a specific aptamer-magnetic pre-concentration system efficiently captured L. monocytogenes cells in a short time (approximately 10 min). The Fe3O4@PDA@DA-PEG-Apt particles provided selective isolation of L. monocytogenes from the bacteria-spiked media up to 91.8%. The immobilized aptamer content of the magnetic particles was 5834 µg/g using 500 ng Apt/mL. The QCM aptasensor showed a very high range of analytical performance to the target bacterium from 1.0 × 102 and 1.0 × 107 CFU/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 148 and 448 CFU/mL, respectively, from the feeding of the QCM aptasensor flow cell with the eluent of the magnetic pre-concentration system. The reproducibility of the aptasensor was more than 95%. The aptasensor was very specific to L. monocytogenes compared to the other Listeria species (i.e., L. ivanovii, L. innocua, and L. seeligeri) or other tested bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis. The QCM aptasensor was regenerated with NaOH solution, and the system was reused many times.
Graphical Abstract
Different effects of social intention on movement kinematics when interacting with a human or virtual agent
Authors: Gigliotti Maria Francesca , Desrosiers Paul-Audain , Ott Laurent , Daoudi Mohamed , Coello Yann 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe execution of object-directed motor actions is known to be influenced by the intention to interact with others. In this study, we tested whether the effects of social intention on the kinematics of object-directed actions depended on whether the task was performed in the presence of a human or a virtual confederate. In two experiments, participants had to grasp a glass and place it to a new position, with either a personal intention (to fill the glass themselves using a bottle) or a social one (to have the glass filled by the human confederate or the virtual agent using the bottle). Experiment 1 showed that the kinematics of the object-directed actions was modulated by the social intention but only when interacting with a human confederate. Experiment 2 showed that the effects of social intention on object-directed actions performance can be improved using feedback-based learning. Specifically, participants proved able to progressively adapt their motor performances as if they were expressing social intention to a virtual confederate as well. These findings emphasize the importance of the modulatory role of social intention on non-verbal motor behaviour, and enrich the understanding of the interaction with virtual agents.
Variational inference: uncertainty quantification in additive models
Authors: Lichter Jens , Wiemann Paul F V , Kneib Thomas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-based simulation approaches are by far the most common method in Bayesian inference to access the posterior distribution. Recently, motivated by successes in machine learning, variational inference (VI) has gained in interest in statistics since it promises a computationally efficient alternative to MCMC enabling approximate access to the posterior. Classical approaches such as mean-field VI (MFVI), however, are based on the strong mean-field assumption for the approximate posterior where parameters or parameter blocks are assumed to be mutually independent. As a consequence, parameter uncertainties are often underestimated and alternatives such as semi-implicit VI (SIVI) have been suggested to avoid the mean-field assumption and to improve uncertainty estimates. SIVI uses a hierarchical construction of the variational parameters to restore parameter dependencies and relies on a highly flexible implicit mixing distribution whose probability density function is not analytic but samples can be taken via a stochastic procedure. With this paper, we investigate how different forms of VI perform in semiparametric additive regression models as one of the most important fields of application of Bayesian inference in statistics. A particular focus is on the ability of the rivalling approaches to quantify uncertainty, especially with correlated covariates that are likely to aggravate the difficulties of simplifying VI assumptions. Moreover, we propose a method, where we combine both advantages of MFVI and SIVI and compare its performance. The different VI approaches are studied in comparison with MCMC in simulations and an application to tree height models of douglas fir based on a large-scale forestry data set.