bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of the posterior caudal lobe of the cerebellum and the eminentia granularis posterior in a mormyrid fish
Authors: Campbell Holly R. , Meek Johannes , Zhang Jianmei , Bell Curtis C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe cerebellum of mormyrid fish is of interest for its large size and unusual histology. The mormyrid cerebellum, as in all ray‐finned fishes, has three subdivisions—valvula, corpus, and caudal lobe. The structures of the mormyrid valvula and corpus have been examined previously, but the structure of the mormyrid caudal lobe has not been studied. The mormyrid caudal lobe includes a posterior caudal lobe associated with the electrosense and an anterior caudal lobe associated with lateral line and eighth nerve senses. In this article we describe cellular elements of the posterior caudal lobe and of the eminentia granularis posterior (EGp) in the mormyrid fish Gnathonemus petersii. The EGp gives rise to the parallel fibers of the posterior caudal lobe. We used intracellular injection of biocytin, extracellular injection of biotinylated dextran amine, and immunohistochemistry with antibodies to gamma‐aminobutyric acid, inositol triphosphate receptor I, calretinin, and Zebrin II. The histological structure of the posterior caudal lobe is markedly irregular in comparison to that of the corpus and the valvula, and a tight modular organization of cerebellar elements is less apparent here. Most Purkinje cell bodies are in the middle of the molecular region. Their dendrites are only roughly oriented in the sagittal plane, extend both ventrally and dorsally, and branch irregularly. Climbing fibers terminate only on smooth dendrites near the soma. Most Purkinje cell axons terminate locally on eurydendroid cells that project outside the cortex. The results provide an additional variant to the already large set of different cerebellar and cerebellum‐like structures. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:714–735, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiphase averaging and the inverse spectral solution of the Korteweg—de Vries equation
Authors: Flaschka H. , Forest M. G. , McLaughlin D. W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractInverse spectral theory is used to prescribe and study equations for the slow modulations of N‐phase wave trains for the Korteweg‐de Vries (KdV) equation. An invariant representation of the modulational equations is deduced. This representation depends upon certain differentials on a Riemann surface. When evaluated near ∞ on the surface, the invariant representation reduces to averaged conservations laws; when evaluated near the branch points, the representation shows that the simple eigenvalues provide Riemann invariants for the modulational equations. Integrals of the invariant representation over certain cycles on the Riemann surface yield “conservation of waves.” Explicit formulas for the characteristic speeds of the modulational equations are derived. These results generalize known results for a single‐phase traveling wave, and indicate that complete integrability can induce enough structure into the modulational equations to diagonalize (in the sense of Riemann invariants) their first‐order terms.
Fabrication and characterization of β−FeSi2 thin films prepared by PLD method using Nd:YAG laser
Authors: Yasui Mitsuhiro , Aoki Takanori , Suzuki Akio , Matsushita Tatsuhiko , Okuda Masahiro 
Published: April 2007

Abstractβ−FeSi2 thin films were grown on Si(111) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method using a Nd:YAG laser (λ=1064nm, laser energy=50mJ, laser energy density=1.65J/cm2, repetition frequency=10Hz). In the fabrication process, three targets of (a) Fe(5N), (b) FeSi2(3N), and (c) Fe(5N)+FeSi2(3N) were used. The β−FeSi2 thin films having the best properties of crystallinity were obtained in the case of (c), in which the first layer as the template was formed with the target of Fe(5N) and then, on top of that, the second layer was deposited with the target of FeSi2(3N). At this time, it was found that by XRD measurement, the degree of crystallinity of the films of case (c) in which the first layer was introduced as the template improved 1.4 times as much compared with case (a), and that by SEM and AFM observations, surface morphologies also improved. Moreover, it was found that by TEM observation, the β−FeSi2 thin films grew uniformly along the direction of (220) or (202) from the interface of the Si substrate and the film to the free surface and that by EDS analysis, the compositions of Fe and Si were uniformly distributed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 39–45, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ eej.20238
A new mapping method for phase estimation of single‐phase signals: A new generalization and new realizations of the DFT estimation method
Authors: Shinnaka Shinji 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper proposes and analyzes a new simple real‐time phase‐estimation method for single‐phase signals, which is based on a vector mapping theory of n‐dimensional to 2‐dimensional vectors. According to the analyses, the proposed mapping method can estimate instantly and properly the true phase of the signals that are contaminated by significant amplitude of noise and harmonics. The mapping method contains the conventional DFT method as a special case. In other words, it can be treated as a generalization of the DFT. Several simple realizations of the mapping method are also newly proposed as a single‐input and two‐output digital mapping filter in both nonrecursive and recursive forms. The recursive realization being able to decrease drastically computing load utilizes the normal form that is robust to finite word length effects. As an application of the proposed mapping method, inverter‐using power control system connected with a single‐phase grid is shown. All analytical results are verified by numerical experiments and the usefulness of the newly proposed mapping method is confirmed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(1): 27–38, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20263
Starting method of a superconducting generator in a combined‐cycle power plant
Authors: Imai Yoshihiro , Tokumasu Tadashi , Nagamura Hidehiro , Miyaike Kiyoshi , Matsumoto Hisakazu , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Kusafuka Hiroshi , Shibuya Masatoyo , Takahashi Ryukichi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn the combined‐cycle power plant generators are started by using the igniting arrangement up to the ignition rotational speed of the gas turbine. On the other hand, in the case of using the superconducting generator, it is difficult to apply the igniting arrangement used to generate electricity on the combined cycle for the structure as is. We examined the induction motor starting method for the superconducting generator by using the 70‐MW‐class quick‐response excitation superconducting model generator and the VVVF power supply. From the examination, we confirmed the ability to raise the rotational speed from 6 to 360 rpm. Moreover, it was found to be able to start 200‐MW‐class superconducting generators by the induction motor starting method with the analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 30– 38, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20283
Energy and current waveforms of an intense electron beam passing through cavities
Authors: Tomisawa Naru , Nishiguchi Takashi , Yamamoto Kensho , Ando Ritoku , Kamada Keiichi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractExperiments on transformation of energy and beam current waveforms of an intense relativistic electron beam were carried out. An intense electron beam with energy of 500 keV, current of 3 kA, and duration of 12 ns was injected into a drift tube. A coaxial cavity connected with the drift tube via a gap was utilized to transform the time evolution of electron energies of the beam. The scheme is the same as the autoacceleration except the cavity length. The former part of the beam with the duration of the round‐trip time of the cavity lost the energy and the following part of the beam with the same duration gained the energy. A cylindrical cavity with large radius was located behind the coaxial cavity to change the time evolution of the current waveform of the beam. The injected beam current larger than the space charge limiting current at the cavity was decreased gradually to the limiting current by elongating the cavity length. Trapezoidal waveforms of injected electron energy and beam current were transformed to the time‐increasing waveforms after the cavities. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 1–8, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20293
Potential evaluation of energy supply system in grid power system, commercial, and residential sectors by minimizing energy cost
Authors: Oda Takuya , Akisawa Atushi , Kashiwagi Takao 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIf the economic activity in the commercial and residential sector continues to grow, improvements in energy conversion efficiencies of energy supply systems is necessary for CO2 mitigation. In recent years, the electricity driven hot water heat pump (EDHP) and the solar photovoltaic (PV) have been commercialized. The fuel cell (FC) of co‐generation system (CGS) for the commercial and residential sector will be commercialized in the future. Copyright © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The aim is to indicate the ideal energy supply system of the users sector, which manages both the economical cost and CO2 mitigation, considering the grid power system. In this paper, cooperative Japanese energy supply systems are modeled by linear programming. It includes the grid power system and energy system of five commercial sectors and a residential sector. The demands of sectors are given by the objective term for 2005 to 2025. Twenty‐four‐hour load for each three annual seasons are considered. The energy systems are simulated to minimize the total cost of energy supply, and to mitigate the CO2 discharge. As a result, the ideal energy system at 2025 is shown. The CGS capacity grows to 30% (62 GW) of the total power system, and the EDHP capacity is 26 GW, in commercial and residential sectors. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 9–19, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ eej.20361
Position and speed sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor with parameter identification
Authors: Morimoto Shigeo , Shimmei Akihide , Sanada Masayuki , Takeda Yoji 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe model parameters of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are required for high‐performance control and a model‐based sensorless control. This paper proposes a sensorless control system of PMSM that does not need parametric information beforehand. The parameters of a PMSM drive system, including the inverter, are identified at standstill and under operating conditions. At first, the initial rotor position is estimated by a signal injection sensorless scheme in which the machine parameters are not required. After the initial position has been estimated, the resistance, including the on resistance of the IGBT, the voltage error caused by dead time in the inverter, and d‐axis and q‐axis inductances, are identified at standstill. After the motor starts by the signal injection sensorless control, the sensorless scheme changes to an extended EMF estimation scheme. The estimated parameters for the resistance, and daxis and q‐axis inductances are used in such sensorless control. The magnet flux‐linkage, which cannot be estimated at standstill, is identified under the sensorless operation at medium and high speeds. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by several experimental results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 68–76, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ eej.20548
The control performance improvement of the optical disk system by correction pulse control
Authors: Yokoyama Eiji 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper proposes a control system which improves OPU (Optical Pick Up) control performance in an optical disk system. This system can be realized by adding a correction pulse control block which is based on a position error signal onto a conventional position control loop composed of the PID control rule. Using this function, the position error resulting from a physical distortion and acceleration disturbance to the disk can be decreased sharply. Furthermore, this system can decrease the deviation caused by the shock disturbance which cannot be controlled by the PID control rule. In addition, it becomes possible to decrease the overshoot in the impulse response sharply, and realize stable capture of a target position. Since this system can be created with a simple algorithm, it is possible to use it in a wide range of applications. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(2): 53–67, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20570
Prosocial involvement and antisocial peer affiliations as predictors of behavior problems in urban adolescents: Main effects and moderating effects
Authors: Kaufmann Dagmar R. , Wyman Peter A. , Forbes‐Jones Emma L. , Barry Jason 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study examined the relationships between prosocial involvement (PI), antisocial peer affiliations (APA), and the degree of their overlapping or independent prediction of behavior problems in urban adolescents. Two dimensions of behavior were assessed at ages 9–11 and at ages 13–15: disruptive, aggressive conduct and number of delinquent behaviors in the past year. Participants were 167 urban boys and girls with multiple early childhood risk factors. APA predicted higher rating of aggressive conduct and more delinquent behaviors at ages 13–15 beyond the effects of earlier behavior problems. PI predicted lower rates of delinquent behavior but not aggressive conduct. A portion of the influence of PI on delinquent behavior was independent and a portion overlapping with APA. High PI moderated the positive relationship between APA and delinquent behavior, consistent with a protective effect. Interventions that promote PI are unlikely to substantially reduce associations with antisocial peers but may prove beneficial for youths with many antisocial friends by reducing contagion effects that promote delinquency. Other implications for prevention efforts are also considered. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 417–434, 2007.
Can't have one without the other: Mental health providers and community parents reducing barriers to services for families in urban poverty
Authors: Frazier Stacy L. , Abdul‐Adil Jaleel , Atkins Marc S. , Gathright Tamara , Jackson Maudette 
Published: April 2007

AbstractUniversity–community partnerships are widely recognized as critical to the success of community research and advocacy work but difficult to form and sustain. This article will describe a unique facet of that partnership, namely the collaboration between mental health clinicians and community consultants, a partnership that our data suggest was a cornerstone of our school‐based mental health service program called PALS, an ecological model designed to engage African American families living in urban poor communities in mental health services. The service model was designed to promote children's learning and positive behavior through supporting teachers and encouraging parental involvement in school. In PALS, parent representatives from the community and clinicians from the university worked together in school‐based teams to support children, families, and teachers. This article will discuss the evolution of our clinician–consultant partnership and several lessons that emerged regarding the incorporation of community members into the world of academia, research, and mental health service delivery. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 435–446, 2007.
Possibilities of using near infrared reflectance/transmittance spectroscopy for determination of polymeric protein in wheat
Authors: Scholz Éva , Prieto‐Linde Maria L , Gergely Szilveszter , Salgó András , Johansson Eva 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPossibilities of using near‐infrared reflectance and near‐infrared transmittance (NIR/NIT) spectroscopic techniques for detecting differences in amount and size distribution of polymeric proteins in wheat were investigated. To evaluate whether differences in polymeric protein due to genetic or environmental variations were detectable by NIR/NIT techniques, wheat materials of different background were used. Size‐exclusion high‐performance liquid chromatography was applied to detect variation in polymeric protein. Partial least squares regression gave high R2 values between many protein parameters and NIR/NIT spectra (particularly second‐derivative spectra of NIR 1100–2500 nm region) of flours, while no such relationship was found for whole wheat grains. Most and highest correlations were found for total amount of extractable and unextractable proteins and monomer/polymer protein ratio. Some positive relationships were found between percentage of total unextractable polymeric protein in the total polymeric protein and percentage of large unextractable polymeric protein in the total large polymeric protein and NIR/NIT spectra. Thus, it was possible to detect differences in polymeric proteins with NIR/NIT techniques. The highest amount of positive correlations between NIR/NIT spectra and protein parameters was found to be due to environmental influences. Some correlations were found for breeding lines with a broad variation in gluten strength and polymeric protein composition, while a more homogeneous sample showed less correlation. Thereby, detection of variation in amount and size distribution of polymeric protein due to cultivar differences with NIR/NIT methods might be difficult. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative effects of sulfur and nitrogen fertilization and post‐harvest processing parameters on the glucotropaeolin content of Tropaeolum majus L.
Authors: Bloem Elke , Haneklaus Silvia , Schnug Ewald 
Published: April 2007

AbstractUnder natural conditions, the content of the bioactive compound glucotropaeolin in the vegetative tissue of Tropaeolum majus is too low to be used directly for the preparation of a mono‐drug. In the present study the influence of sulfur and nitrogen fertilization and the post‐harvest drying procedure on the glucotropaeolin content was evaluated in order to minimize losses of the active glucosinolate. In 2001, field experiments with three levels of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization were conducted on two different sites. Nitrogen fertilization had no consistent influence on the glucotropaeolin content while sulfur fertilization with 100 kg S ha−1 enhanced the glucotropaeolin content in leaves and seeds significantly by factors of 1.4–2.1 and 1.6–1.8, respectively. The results of the post‐harvest treatment showed that a gentle drying procedure at 40°C in a ventilated oven induced an increase in the glucotropaeolin content in leaves of 1.4–3.2‐fold (from 10.7–25.5 to 30.9–44.6 µmol g−1 dry weight) compared to sampling in liquid nitrogen followed by freeze‐drying of the samples. This paper delivers new insights into glucosinolate metabolism that will contribute significantly not only to warrant a high content of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants, but also to promote glucosinolate concentrations in various crops by appropriate post‐harvest treatments. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessing Curriculum Implementation: A Process for Identifying Salient Variables
Authors: Taunton Roma Lee 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe focus of this study was a process for selecting variables for assessing curriculum implementation. Three sets of variables, program characteristics, curriculum content, and curriculum emphasis, were measured to determine the degree to which program goals were implemented in 18 continuing education pediatric nurse practitioner programs. Program directors (19) responded to a questionnaire on the three sets of variables. Results from one‐way analysis of variance (α = .05) and omega squared (ø2) were used to identify variables from each of the three sets most likely to account for differences in curriculum implementation among the programs. Three of 11 program characteristics, 5 of 14 content domains, and 3 of 6 emphasis parameters were identified as salient variables for assessing student achievement and long‐term curriculum outcomes.
Empirical Test of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior
Authors: Cox Cheryl L. , Roghmann Klaus J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe general concepts, variables, and relationships described by the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior (IMCHB) were used to guide a secondary data analysis of 203 women's decisions to request an amniocentesis. Step‐wise multiple regression explained 58% of the variance in these decisions by jointly examining the factors which define the client as unique in her responses to an at‐risk pregnancy, as well as factors describing the client‐provider interaction. The women could be correctly classified as users or nonusers of prenatal diagnosis with 87% accuracy in a discriminant analysis based on the variables derived from the conceptual model. Finally, structural equation modeling was used to estimate the causal paths described by the general model. While the relationships proposed in the model need further empirical evauation, this first application serves to demonstrate the testability of the IMCHB and its potential to direct nursing inquiries.
The relationship of developmental variables to maternal behavior
Authors: Mercer Ramona T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDevelopmental differences in self‐concept, personality integration, flexibility, empathy, and temperament, and the relationship of these variables to maternal behavior, were investigated using three age groups of first‐time mothers. The age groups also were tested for change in self‐concept and personality integration from 1 to 3 days postpartum to 8 months postbirth. The longitudinal study included 60 mothers aged 15–19 years, 138 aged 20–29 years, and 90 aged 30–42 years. Self‐completed instruments were used to measure the personality variables, and an interviewer‐rated instrument measured maternal behavior.Personality integration and flexibility increased significantly and correlated significantly with age indicating that both are developmental constructs. Empathy and temperament traits did not increase with age, although teenage scores were significantly lower in empathy, self‐concept, several temperament traits, and maternal behavior. The two older groups' self‐concept decreased significantly the first eight months of motherhood. In the teenage group personality integration, empathy, activity level, intensity and threshold to stimulus were significantly correlated with maternal behavior. In the 20–29 year‐old group, self‐concept, personality integration, flexibility, rhythmicity, adaptability, intensity and mood quality correlated significantly with maternal behavior. In the older group, self‐concept, flexibility, approach/withdrawal, adaptability, intensity, and mood quality correlated significantly with maternal behavior.