bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial diversity and metabolites: Exploring correlations with preservative properties in soybean pastes
Authors: Ren Fei , Liu Ming , Tan Bin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSoybean paste, a traditional fermented condiment, exhibits distinct quality attributes by its microbial communities. This study employed Illumina sequencing and LC–MS to scrutinize the bacterial biota and metabolome of highly preserved (HP) and easily spoiled (ES) soybean pastes. Firmicutes were prevalent in both pastes, with HP showcasing greater microbial α‐diversity compared to ES pastes. Bacillus predominated in HP pastes, whereas Lactobacillus was most abundant in ES pastes. Significant metabolic differences were observed between HP and ES samples in lipids, peptides, nucleic acids, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, protein digestion, amino acid metabolism, inflammatory mediator regulation, and neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis. Lactobacillus exhibited positive associations with daidzein and 3,4,5‐trihydroxypentanoylcarnitine, whereas Bacillus showed negative correlations with 1,n6‐ethenoadenosine, 2‐deoxy‐2,3‐dehydro‐n‐acetyl‐neuraminic acid, 3,4,5‐trihydroxypentanoyl carnitine, and fructosyl valine. These findings highlight the collaborative impact of bacterial communities and metabolites on soybean paste quality attributes. This research enhances our comprehension of preservation mechanisms in fermented foods, particularly soybean pastes.Practical ApplicationThe investigation would provide insights into the soybean pastes fermentation, safe and quality control methods, bio‐preservative development strategies, and so on of soybean pastes for related studies and the consumers. Bacteria and their metabolites could be used to optimize the fermentation processes for the preservative and safe regulations.
Systematic elucidation of independently modulated genes in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum reveals a trade‐off between secondary and primary metabolism
Authors: Qiu Sizhe , Huang Yidi , Liang Shishun , Zeng Hong , Yang Aidong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLactiplantibacillus plantarum is a probiotic bacterium widely used in food and health industries, but its gene regulatory information is limited in existing databases, which impedes the research of its physiology and its applications. To obtain a better understanding of the transcriptional regulatory network of L. plantarum, independent component analysis of its transcriptomes was used to derive 45 sets of independently modulated genes (iModulons). Those iModulons were annotated for associated transcription factors and functional pathways, and active iModulons in response to different growth conditions were identified and characterized in detail. Eventually, the analysis of iModulon activities reveals a trade‐off between regulatory activities of secondary and primary metabolism in L. plantarum.
Anna Letitia Barbauld's Insect Poetics
Authors: Powell Rosalind 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article reads Anna Letitia Barbauld's affective encounter in ‘The Caterpillar’ (1825) in the light of her broader entomological writing for both adults and children. It investigates the recommendations for attention to the small and the particular in her didactic work alongside the narratives of insect subjectivity and insect metamorphosis in her occasional and lyric verse to assess the poet's contribution to an ecological mode of writing in this period. This uncovers a key tension in Barbauld's communication of insect worlds, reflected in the conclusion of ‘The Caterpillar’, where the affective encounter exposes the inescapable otherness of the human observer.
Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae in healthy poultry: Insights and perspectives from culturing and metagenomics
Authors: Kaspersen Håkon , Urdahl Anne Margrete , Ilag Hanna Karin , Franklin‐Alming Fiona Valerie , Haverkamp Thomas H. A. , Sunde Marianne 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPreviously, Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to occur more frequently in healthy turkey flocks than in healthy broiler flocks in Norway. This study aimed to investigate whether this higher occurrence could be attributed to a greater abundance of K. pneumoniae in turkey flocks. We compared culturing, qPCR, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing for the detection and quantification of K. pneumoniae. Using qPCR, we found that 20.7% of broiler flock samples and 63.9% of turkey flock samples were positive for K. pneumoniae. Culturing revealed a significantly higher abundance of K. pneumoniae in turkey flocks compared to broiler flocks. However, metagenomic analysis showed no difference in the relative abundance of Klebsiella spp. between broiler and turkey flocks, and no correlation between the results of culturing and metagenomic quantification. Interestingly, the differential abundance of K. quasipneumoniae was significantly different between the two hosts. Our results indicate that Klebsiella spp. are present in both turkey and broiler flocks at relatively low levels but with a higher abundance in turkey flocks. Our findings also suggest that shotgun metagenomic studies targeting low‐abundance taxa such as Klebsiella have poor sensitivity when comparing groups, indicating that reliance on results from metagenomic analysis without experimental validation should be done with caution.
How should respiratory depression and loss of airway patency be handled during initiation of palliative sedation?
Authors: Fredheim Olav Magnus S. , Torvund Solveig K. , Thoresen Lisbeth , Magelssen Morten 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundLoss of airway patency has been reported during initiation of palliative sedation. In present guidelines the loss of airway patency during initiation of palliative sedation is not addressed. Airway patency can be restored by jaw thrust/chin lift or placing the patient in the recovery position.AimA structured ethical analysis of how respiratory depression and loss of airway patency during initiation of palliative sedation should be handled. The essence of the dilemma is whether it is appropriate to apply simple non‐invasive methods to restore airway patency in order to avoid the patient's immediate death.DesignA structured analysis based on the four principles of healthcare ethics and stakeholders' interests.ResultsBeneficence and autonomy support a decision not to regain airway patency whereas non‐maleficence lends weight to a decision to restore airway patency. Whether the proportionality criterion of the principle of double effect is met depends on the features of the individual case. The ethical problem appears to be a genuine dilemma where important values and arguments point to different conclusions.ConclusionWhether to restore airway patency when the airway is obstructed during initiation of palliative sedation will ultimately be based on clinical judgment taking into account both any known patient preferences and relevant clinical information. There are strong arguments favoring both options in this clinical and ethical dilemma. The fact that a clear and universal recommendation cannot be made does not imply indifference regarding what is the clinically and ethically best option for each individual patient.
Chronic heart failure induces early defenestration of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) in mice
Authors: Wojnar‐Lason Kamila , Tyrankiewicz Urszula , Kij Agnieszka , Kurpinska Anna , Kaczara Patrycja , Kwiatkowski Grzegorz , Wilkosz Natalia , Giergiel Magdalena , Stojak Marta , Grosicki Marek , Mohaissen Tasnim , Jasztal Agnieszka , Kurylowicz Zuzanna , Szymonski Marek , Czyzynska‐Cichon Izabela , Chlopicki Stefan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimChronic heart failure (CHF) is often linked to liver malfunction and systemic endothelial dysfunction. However, whether cardio‐hepatic interactions in heart failure involve dysfunction of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) is not known. Here we characterize LSECs phenotype in early and end stages of chronic heart failure in a murine model.MethodsRight ventricle (RV) function, features of congestive hepatopathy, and the phenotype of primary LSECs were characterized in Tgαq*44 mice, with cardiomyocyte‐specific overexpression of the Gαq protein, at the age of 4‐ and 12‐month representative for early and end‐stage phases of CHF, respectively.Results4‐ and 12‐month‐old Tgαq*44 mice displayed progressive impairment of RV function and alterations in hepatic blood flow velocity resulting in hepatic congestion with elevated GGT and bilirubin plasma levels and decreased albumin concentration without gross liver pathology. LSECs isolated from 4‐ and 12‐month‐old Tgαq*44 mice displayed significant loss of fenestrae with impaired functional response to cytochalasin B, significant changes in proteome related to cytoskeleton remodeling, and altered vasoprotective function. However, LSECs barrier function and bioenergetics were largely preserved. In 4‐ and 12‐month‐old Tgαq*44 mice, LSECs defenestration was associated with prolonged postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and in 12‐month‐old Tgαq*44 mice with proteomic changes of hepatocytes indicative of altered lipid metabolism.ConclusionTgαq*44 mice displayed right‐sided HF and altered hepatic blood flow leading to LSECs dysfunction involving defenestration, shift in eicosanoid profile, and proteomic changes. LSECs dysfunction appears as an early and persistent event in CHF, preceding congestive hepatopathy and contributing to alterations in lipoprotein transport and CHF pathophysiology.
Ministerial policy roles and mandate letters in the Justin Trudeau government
Authors: Ie Kenny William 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article examines ministers as policy actors through analysis of tasks in mandate letters. These tasks were coded as involving either policy initiation, supplementation, maintenance, coordination, engagement, or information. The 2021 mandate letters show that policy maintenance tasks are most common, initiation the least, suggesting that most ministers are constrained to passive policy management. Four distinctive ministerial types are also identified. Activists are distinguished by their dominance over policy initiation, advocates are characterized most by policy supplementation and maintenance, managers are mostly tasked with maintaining the policy status quo, and networkers are distinctive in their share of coordination and information tasks.
Ferritinophagy: A novel insight into the double‐edged sword in ferritinophagy–ferroptosis axis and human diseases
Authors: Li Jing‐Yan , Feng Yan‐Hua , Li Yu‐Xuan , He Peng‐Yi , Zhou Qi‐Yuan , Tian Ying‐Ping , Yao Ren‐Qi , Yao Yong‐Ming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNuclear receptor coactive 4 (NCOA4), which functions as a selective cargo receptor, is a critical regulator of the particularly autophagic degradation of ferritin, a process known as ferritinophagy. Mechanistically, NCOA4‐mediated ferritinophagy performs an increasingly vital role in the maintenance of intracellular iron homeostasis by promoting ferritin transport and iron release as needed. Ferritinophagy is not only involved in iron‐dependent responses but also in the pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases, including metabolism‐related, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and infectious diseases. Therefore, ferritinophagy is of great importance in maintaining cell viability and function and represents a potential therapeutic target. Recent studies indicated that ferritinophagy regulates the signalling pathway associated with ferroptosis, a newly discovered type of cell death characterised by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation. Although accumulating evidence clearly demonstrates the importance of the interplay between dysfunction in iron metabolism and ferroptosis, a deeper understanding of the double‐edged sword effect of ferritinophagy in ferroptosis has remained elusive. Details of the mechanisms underlying the ferritinophagy–ferroptosis axis in regulating relevant human diseases remain to be elucidated. In this review, we discuss the latest research findings regarding the mechanisms that regulate the biological function of NCOA4‐mediated ferritinophagy and its contribution to the pathophysiology of ferroptosis. The important role of the ferritinophagy–ferroptosis axis in human diseases will be discussed in detail, highlighting the great potential of targeting ferritinophagy in the treatment of diseases.
1084. Eryngium yuccifolium Michx
Authors: Rix Martyn , Lambkin Deborah 
Published: February 2024

SummaryEryngium yuccifolium, the rattlesnake master, a characteristic species of tall‐grass prairies in eastern North America, is illustrated from plants growing in the North American Prairie planting at Wakehurst Place; its history, ecology, pollination and cultivation are described.
Quais são as barreiras e facilitadores para a participação de pessoas com Síndrome de Down? Uma Revisão de Escopo
Authors: Souto Deisiane Oliveira , de Sousa Marina Oliveira , Ferreira Rafaela Guimarães , Brandão Ana Claudia , Carrera Pedro Brandão , Leite Hércules Ribeiro 
Published: February 2024

ResumoObjetivoDeterminar as barreiras e facilitadores da participação ativa na comunidade de crianças, adolescentes e adultos com Síndrome de Down (SD). Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas para identificar estudos originais sobre a participação de crianças, adolescentes (idades <18 anos) e adultos (idades de 18 a 59 anos) com SD. Barreiras e facilitadores para a participação foram categorizados em fatores: pessoais, sociais, ambientais e de políticas e programas. Os achados foram analisados e validados por um jovem adulto com SD e um membro da família, utilizando a estratégia de Envolvimento do Público e Paciente. Resultados: Quatorze estudos foram incluídos, oito com crianças e adolescentes e seis com adultos. Dos 14 estudos, dez eram qualitativos e quatro quantitativos. A maioria dos estudos (n = 9) investigou a participação em atividades físicas, enquanto apenas alguns estudos examinaram a participação em atividades comunitárias/sociais (n = 3), atividades diárias (n = 2) e atividades de lazer (n = 1). As barreiras e facilitadores mais frequentemente citados foram a disponibilidade de programas e profissionais especializados, transporte, bem como atitudes e comportamentos. As características físicas e psicológicas das pessoas com SD e as instalações também foram frequentemente mencionadas como barreiras. Por outro lado, o desejo de se manter ativo e o interesse pessoal na atividade estavam entre os facilitadores mais frequentemente relatados.InterpretaçãoA participação de pessoas com SD é principalmente influenciada por fatores físicos ou psicológicos, o apoio e as atitudes dos pais/cuidadores e a disponibilidade de programas especializados. Dada a escassez de pesquisas investigando a participação de pessoas com SD em atividades comunitárias, atividades diárias e lazer, especialmente em adultos, mais estudos ainda são necessários.
Potential bottom‐up control of Metamasius callizona in Florida, USA
Authors: Cooper Teresa M. , Cave Ronald D. , Frank J. Howard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetamasius callizona (Chevrolat) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an invasive weevil destroying Tillandsia utriculata L. (Bromeliaceae) populations in Florida, USA. A T. utriculata population in Belize coexists with M. callizona without adverse effects. Tillandsia utriculata and M. callizona from Belize and Florida were studied in the laboratory to determine how Belize T. utriculata can coexist with Belize M. callizona, using Florida and Belize T. utriculata, as well as pineapple, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (Bromeliaceae), as host plants. Florida M. callizona on pineapple leaves produced more eggs per female per day and had a shorter developmental time and pupation period, as well as a smaller adult width, than Belize M. callizona. Florida and Belize weevils did not differ significantly in rates of egg hatch, pupation, and adult emergence. Florida M. callizona laid similar numbers of eggs per day on Florida and Belize T. utriculata. Egg hatch rates were similar on pineapple and Florida and Belize T. utriculata. Pupation rates were similar on pineapple and Florida T. utriculata leaves; no larvae on Belize T. utriculata attained fourth instar. Field and laboratory observations revealed that Belize and Florida M. callizona mined Belize T. utriculata without destroying the meristem, allowing plants to survive, but Belize M. callizona destroyed the core of pineapple tops. Soluble solids were greatest in pineapple and least in Belize T. utriculata. Leaf toughness was greatest in pineapple and least in Florida T. utriculata. Metamasius callizona biology and behavior and T. utriculata plant characteristics may drive the severity of weevil damage on populations of T. utriculata. The discovery of a T. utriculata population in Belize coexisting with M. callizona offers a possible way to control M. callizona in Florida.
Why should you believe in yourself? Students' performance‐approach goals shape their approach to learning through self‐efficacy: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Paloș Ramona , Vîrgă Delia , Okros Norberth 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBased on the Achievement Goals Theory and Students' Approaches to Learning, we proposed a model in which students' self‐efficacy acts as a mediator between students' performance‐approach goals orientation and their approach to learning in dealing with academic tasks throughout an academic year. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the model on a sample of 565 first‐year university students at three different moments. The results showed that self‐efficacy in academic tasks at T2 totally mediated the relationship between performance‐approach goals at T1 and the deep approach at T3 and partially the relationship with the surface approach at T3. The results underline that if the direct effect of performance‐approach goals is that of the surface approach intensification without any impact on the deep approach, an increase in the deep approach and a decline in the surface approach can be observed through self‐efficacy in academic tasks.
Modifications to gene body methylation do not alter gene expression plasticity in a reef‐building coral
Authors: Abbott Evelyn , Loockerman Coral , Matz Mikhail V. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs coral reefs continue to decline due to climate change, the role of coral epigenetics (specifically, gene body methylation, GBM) in coral acclimatization warrants investigation. The evidence is currently conflicting. In diverse animal phyla, the baseline GBM level is associated with gene function: continuously expressed “housekeeping” genes are typically highly methylated, while inducible context‐dependent genes have low or no methylation at all. Some authors report an association between GBM and the environment and interpret this observation as evidence of the GBM's role in acclimatization. Yet, others argue that the correlation between GBM change and gene expression change is typically absent or negligible. Here, we used the reef‐building coral, Acropora millepora, to test whether environmentally driven changes in GBM are associated with a gene's ability to respond to environmental changes (plasticity) rather than expression level. We analyzed two cases of modified gene expression plasticity observed in a 3‐week‐long heat acclimatization experiment. The first one was a group of heat‐induced genes that failed to revert their expression after the coral was translocated back to the control tank. The second case involved genes that changed the magnitude of their response to the daily temperature fluctuations over the course of the experiment. In both cases, we found negligible or no association with GBM change. We conclude that although both gene expression plasticity and GBM can change during acclimatization, there is no direct association between the two. This adds to the increasing volume of evidence that the function of GBM in invertebrates is unrelated to acclimatization on physiological timescales.
A review of deep learning‐based approaches for deepfake content detection
Authors: Passos Leandro A. , Jodas Danilo , Costa Kelton A. P. , Souza Júnior Luis A. , Rodrigues Douglas , Del Ser Javier , Camacho David , Papa João Paulo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in deep learning generative models have raised concerns as they can create highly convincing counterfeit images and videos. This poses a threat to people's integrity and can lead to social instability. To address this issue, there is a pressing need to develop new computational models that can efficiently detect forged content and alert users to potential image and video manipulations. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent studies for deepfake content detection using deep learning‐based approaches. We aim to broaden the state‐of‐the‐art research by systematically reviewing the different categories of fake content detection. Furthermore, we report the advantages and drawbacks of the examined works, and prescribe several future directions towards the issues and shortcomings still unsolved on deepfake detection.
Influence of pulse duration on the fatigue behavior of a carbon‐fiber‐reinforced composite under cyclic three‐point bending at 20 kHz
Authors: Premanand Aravind , Balle Frank 
Published: February 2024

AbstractVery high cycle fatigue (VHCF) experiments are limited in practice due to their long testing times. In ultrasonic fatigue test (UFT) systems, the cyclic oscillation is applied using resonance at 20 kHz with a pulse and pause sequence. However, determining optimal pulse durations to achieve minimal testing time and avoid thermal‐induced fatigue damage in fiber‐reinforced polymer composites remains a challenge. In this work, several fatigue experiments, temperature analyses, and digital light optical microscopy were carried out to evaluate the influence of pulse duration on the fatigue behavior of a carbon‐fiber fabric reinforced in polyether‐ketone‐ketone (CF‐PEKK) composite. A shorter pulse duration with the same pulse–pause ratio as the longer pulse duration is proposed for higher stress amplitudes to avoid any thermal influence during mechanical fatigue without altering the underlying fatigue damage mechanisms.