bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Trial Assessing the Effectiveness of a Pharmacist-Delivered Program for Smoking Cessation
Authors: Dent Larry A , Harris Kari Jo , Noonan Curtis W 
Published: February 2009

Background: As trained and accessible healthcare professionals, pharmacists are in an ideal position to provide tobacco cessation interventions. Of the 15 studies identified in the literature assessing the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions delivered by pharmacists, this is the first randomized controlled trial conducted in the US of a pharmacist-delivered program for smoking cessation using biochemical confirmation. Objective: To assess the effectiveness on smoking cessation of a face-to-face group program conducted by the pharmacist team compared with a brief standard care session delivered by a pharmacist over the telephone. Methods: An open-label, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at a Veterans Health Administration, community-based outpatient clinic in the Rocky Mountain region. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a 3-session face-to-face group program conducted by the pharmacist team or one 5- to 10-minute standard care session delivered by the pharmacist team over the telephone. Participants in both groups were offered either immediate-release bupropion or nicotine patch at no cost. The primary outcome of self-reported abstinence was biochemically confirmed by urinary cotinine at 6 months after the quit date. Results: One hundred one smokers were randomized from October 3, 2005, to March 30, 2007, with the last 6-month follow-up survey completed on November 6, 2007. Analysis of data was completed in December 2007. Using intent-to-treat procedures, confirmed abstinence rates at the end of 6 months were 28% in the pharmacist-delivered face-to-face treatment group and 11.8% in the standard care telephone session control group (p < 0.041). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that pharmacists are effective providers of tobacco cessation interventions. Greater utilization of pharmacists in tobacco cessation efforts could have a significant impact on smoking rates, prevention of tobacco-related diseases, and overall improvement in public health across the US.
The PCSK9 gene E670G polymorphism affects low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but is not a risk factor for coronary artery disease in ethnic Chinese in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Lung-An , Teng Ming-Sheng , Ko Yu-Lin , Chang Chi-Jen , Wu Semon , Wang Chun-Li , Hu Chiao-Feng 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: An E670G polymorphism of the exon 12 of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (: The subjects included 202 CAD patients and 614 unrelated controls. Genotypes were determined via polymerase chain reaction, restriction mapping with: Contradictory to the results of a previous report, a significantly lower level of LDL-C was noted in: These results indicate that the E670G polymorphism of theClin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:154–8.
New European guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice
Authors: De Backer Guy 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn 2007, the Fourth Joint European Societies' Task Force on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in clinical practice issued an update of the guidelines on how to prevent CVD. These guidelines are endorsed by 10 international societies interested in the subject. Particular attention is given to lifestyle changes, risk factor management, and the use of cardioprotective drugs. In this paper, the content of the guidelines is summarized with emphasis on what is new compared to the previous version and on what could be of particular interest to clinical chemists. For those who would like to read more on this, please refer to the full document (112 pages including 1105 references).Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:138–42.
Age and hormone replacement therapy as factors influencing androgen levels in the postmenopausal female
Authors: Ali Iaisha , James Tim , Meston Niki , Wojnarowska Fenella , Shine Brian 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: The changes in androgen levels after the menopause and the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) itself and the mode of HRT have not been established. The objectives of this study were to document the effect of age on androgen levels in a normal population of postmenopausal women and to investigate the effect of oral or transdermal HRT on androgen, oestradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) values.: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 182 postmenopausal females aged 45–100 years, randomly recruited from the community. Serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), androstenedione, testosterone, free androgen index (FAI) and SHBG in a reference group of women, subdivided by age, menopausal status, HRT replacement and mode of HRT replacement.: Age was a significant factor affecting androstenedione (<55, ≥55 years) and DHEAS (<65, ≥65 years). HRT status was found to influence values for androstenedione, SHBG and FAI. Neither HRT nor age significantly influenced testosterone.: The observations suggest the need to provide age-specific reference intervals for androstenedione and DHEAS but not for testosterone and SHBG. The significant effect of HRT treatment would also suggest a need for treatment associated reference intervals for androstenedione, SHBG and FAI. Suggested reference intervals for each of these partitioned groups are presented.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:202–7.
Excitation function for the 74Se(18O,p3n)88gNb reaction
Authors: Gates J. M. , Dragojevic I. , Dvorak J. , Ellison P. A. , Gregorich K. E. , Stavsetra L. , Nitsche Heino 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
The 74Se( 18O,p3n)88gNb excitation function was measured and a maximum cross section of 495±5 mb was observed at and 18O energy of 74.0 MeV. Experimental cross sections were compared to theoretical calculations using the computer code ALICE-91 and the values were found to be in good agreement. The half-life of 88gNb was determined to be around 14.56±0.11 min.
Revisiting Raup: exploring the influence of outcrop area on diversity in light of modern sample-standardization techniques
Authors: Wall Patrick D. , Ivany Linda C. , Wilkinson Bruce H. 
Published: February 2009

Since David Raup's seminal 1976 work, paleontologists have been aware of the relationship between outcrop area and diversity. By incorporating lithologic data derived from Alexander Ronov and coworkers into our own data on areas of mapped outcrops from worldwide geologic maps, we are able to establish a quantitative connection between area of sedimentary rock exposure and diversity from the same general depositional environments. Significant power-law relations are observed at both global and continental scales of consideration. The addition of data on areas of habitable area estimated from paleogeographic maps does not substantially affect these correlations between outcrop area and diversity, indicating that the relation between outcrop area and diversity is primarily a function of sampling and not a common cause such as sea level. We observe a significant diversity-area effect, first noted by Jack Sepkoski in the marine realm. Unlike Sepkoski's, however, our diversity-area effect appears to play a substantial role in influencing diversity through time; a true global diversity signal appears to be contained in the rock record despite the impacts of variable sampling.Greater outcrop area can serve to increase estimated diversity by increasing both the sample size and the range of habitats and biogeographic provinces sampled. After standardizing for pure sampling intensity by rarefying the number of taxon occurrences, outcrop area continues to explain a substantial portion of global marine diversity. This indicates that coverage, or sampling from multiple habitats and biogeographic provinces, is even more important than sampling intensity. If we remove the effect of outcrop area from our estimate of global biodiversity, we do not observe a net increase in diversity toward the present, lending support to other studies that have not supported a substantial, long-term global increase in biodiversity during the Phanerozoic.
Brownian pump with an unbiased external force
Authors: Liu Yang , Ai Bao-quan 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
We investigate Brownian pump transport in the presence of an unbiased external force. The pumping system is embedded in a finite region bounded by two particle reservoirs. In the adiabatic limit, we obtain the analytical expressions of the current and the concentration ratio. We find that Brownian particles can be pumped through an asymmetric potential from a particle reservoir at low concentration to one at the same or higher concentration in the presence of an unbiased external force.
The asymptotic iteration method applied to certain quasinormal modes and non Hermitian systems
Authors: Özer Okan , Roy Pinaki 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
We study the Schrödinger equation with potentials admitting quasinormal modes using the asymptotic iteration method (AIM). We also study non-Hermitian PT symmetric potentials using AIM. The spectra, in all cases, are found to be in excellent agreement with exact results.
Targeted cationic poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles for gene delivery to cultured cells
Authors: Díez Sonsoles , Miguéliz Itziar , Tros de Ilarduya Conchita 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe developed a new targeted cationic nanoparticulate system composed of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), 1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP) and asialofetuin (AF), and found it to be a highly effective formulation for gene delivery to liver tumor cells. The nanoparticles (NP) were prepared by a modified solvent evaporation process that used two protocols in order to encapsulate (NP1 particles) or adsorb (NP2 particles) plasmid DNA. The final particles are in the nanoscale range. pDNA loaded in PLGA/DOTAP/AF particles with high loading efficiency showed a positive surface charge. Targeted asialofetuin-nanoparticles (AF-NP) carrying genes encoding for luciferase and interleukin-12 (IL-12) resulted in increased transfection efficiencies compared to free DNA and to plain (non-targeted) systems, even in the presence of 60% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The results of transfections performed on HeLa cells, defective in asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPr-), confirmed the receptor-mediated endocytosis mechanism. In summary, this is the first time that asialoglycoprotein receptor targeting by PLGA/DOTAP/DNA nanoparticles carrying the therapeutic gene IL-12 has been shown to be efficient in gene delivery to liver cancer cells in the presence of a very high concentration of serum, and this could be a potential system for in vivo application.
Potassium currents in human myogenic cells from healthy and congenital myotonic dystrophy foetuses
Authors: Nurowska Ewa , Constanti Andrew , Dworakowska Beata , Mouly Vincent , Furling Denis , Lorenzon Paola , Pietrangelo Tiziana , Dołowy Krzysztof , Ruzzier Fabio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record potassium currents in in vitro differentiating myoblasts isolated from healthy and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) foetuses carrying 2000 CTG repeats. The fusion of the DM1 myoblasts was reduced in comparison to that of the control cells. The dystrophic muscle cells expressed less voltage-activated K+ (delayed rectifier and non-inactivating delayed rectifier) and inward rectifier channels than the age-matched control cells. However, the resting membrane potential was not significantly different between the control and the DM1 cells. After four days in a differentiation medium, the dystrophic cells expressed the fast-inactivating transient outward K+ channels, which were not observed in healthy cells. We suggest that the low level of potassium currents measured in differentiated DM1 cells could be related to their impaired fusion.
The Association Drepanoclado Uncinati-Heliospermetum Pusilli (Arabidetalia Caeruleae, Thlaspietea Rotundifolii) in the Trnovski Gozd Plateau (Slovenia, NW Dinaric Mts)
Authors: Surina Boštjan , Vreš Branko 
Published: February 2009

The AssociationDrepanoclado Uncinati-Heliospermetum Pusilli (Arabidetalia Caeruleae, Thlaspietea Rotundifolii)in the Trnovski Gozd Plateau (Slovenia, NW Dinaric Mts)The phytosociology and ecology ofHeliosperma pusillumin freezing ravines of the Trnovski gozd plateau (Slovenia, NW Dinaric Mts) are discussed. The species thrive on shadowy, moist, cold and stable screes of boulders with long-lasting snow cover. The stands belonged to the associationDrepanoclado uncinati-Heliospermetum pusilli (Salicion retusae, Arabidetalia caeruleae, Thlaspietea rotundifolii). Due to close proximity to the Julian Alps, the stands host a significant number of SE - Alpine and N-Illyrian species. Therefore, a new geographical variantPaederota luteais described. Differential species for the geographical variant arePhyteuma scheuchzerissp.columnae, Valeriana saxatilis, Rhodothamnus chamaecistus, andSaxifraga cuneifolia.For less stable screes with smaller rocky particles a new subassociationsalicetosum retusaeis described, and the differential species for the subassociation areSalix retusaandPoa alpina.Stands of the associationDrepanoclado-Heliospermetumvar. geogr.Paederota luteafrom the Trnovski gozd plateau are on the north-westernmost part of the distribution area of the Dinaric allianceSalicion retusae.
Highly Selective Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Trifluoromethyl Olefins: A New Route to Trifluoromethyl‐ Bearing Stereocenters
Authors: Engman Mattias , Cheruku Pradeep , Tolstoy Päivi , Bergquist Jonas , Völker Sebastian F. , Andersson Pher G. 
Published: February 2009

Abstractmagnified imageFluorine‐containing compounds are useful in many applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to ferroelectric crystals. We have developed a new, highly enantioselective synthetic route to trifluoromethyl‐bearing stereocenters in up to 96% ee via asymmetric hydrogenation using N,P‐ligated iridium catalysts. We also hydrogenated an isomeric mixture of olefins; this reaction gave the hydrogenation product highly enantioselectively (87% ee), and only the E isomer was present after the reaction had reached 56% conversion.
Common and rare variants of DAOA in bipolar disorder
Authors: Maheshwari Manjula , Shi Jiajun , Badner Judith A. , Skol Andrew , Willour Virginia L. , Muzny Donna M. , Wheeler David A. , Gerald Fowler R. , Detera‐Wadleigh Sevilla , McMahon Francis J. , Potash James B. , Gershon Elliot S. , Liu Chunyu , Gibbs Richard A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe D‐amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA, previously known as G72) gene, mapped on 13q33, has been reported to be genetically associated with bipolar disorder (BP) in several populations. The consistency of associated variants is unclear and rare variants in exons of the DAOA gene have not been investigated in psychiatric diseases. We employed a conditional linkage method—STatistical Explanation for Positional Cloning (STEPC) to evaluate whether any associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) account for the evidence of linkage in a pedigree series that previously has been linked to marker D13S779 at 13q33. We also performed an association study in a sample of 376 Caucasian BP parent‐proband trios by genotyping 38 common SNPs in the gene region. Besides, we resequenced coding regions and flanking intronic sequences of DAOA in 555 Caucasian unrelated BP patients and 564 mentally healthy controls, to identify putative functional rare variants that may contribute to disease. One SNP rs1935058 could “explain” the linkage signal in the family sample set (P = 0.055) using STEPC analysis. No significant allelic association was detected in an association study by genotyping 38 common SNPs in 376 Caucasian BP trios. Resequencing identified 53 SNPs, of which 46 were novel SNPs. There was no significant excess of rare variants in cases relative to controls. Our results suggest that DAOA does not have a major effect on BP susceptibility. However, DAOA may contribute to bipolar susceptibility in some specific families as evidenced by the STEPC analysis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SERS‐Marker für die Anregung mit rotem Laserlicht: Glasverkapselte SAMs auf Gold/Silber‐Nanoschalen
Authors: Küstner Bernd , Gellner Magdalena , Schütz Max , Schöppler Friedrich , Marx Alexander , Ströbel Philipp , Adam Patrick , Schmuck Carsten , Schlücker Sebastian 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSAM im Glashaus: Glasverkapselte selbstorganisierte Monolagen (SAMs) auf durchstimmbaren Gold/Silber‐Nanoschalen wurden als Markierungsreagens für die oberflächenverstärkte Raman‐Streuung (SERS) eingesetzt. Dieses Konzept vereint die spektroskopischen Vorteile einer maximalen Oberflächenbedeckung und der einheitlichen molekularen Orientierung der Raman‐Markermoleküle innerhalb der vollständigen Monolage mit der hohen Stabilität einer Glashülle.magnified image
Was ist wirklich nötig, um Komplexe später Übergangsmetalle mit terminalen Oxo‐Liganden zu stabilisieren?
Authors: Limberg Christian 
Published: February 2009

AbstractÜberraschend stabil: Edelmetall‐Komplexe mit terminalen Oxo‐Liganden werden häufig als Intermediate postuliert, gelten aber als schwer fassbar, da ihre d‐Elektronen die MO‐Einheiten destabilisieren. Bis vor kurzem war man der Ansicht, dass die Isolierung solcher Verbindungen nur mit starken Akzeptor‐Liganden gelingt, doch nun wurde ein bemerkenswert stabiler PtO‐Komplex mit einem einfachen Pinzetten‐Liganden erhalten.magnified image
Giant Pores in a Chromium 2,6‐Naphthalenedicarboxylate Open‐Framework Structure with MIL‐101 Topology
Authors: Sonnauer Andreas , Hoffmann Frank , Fröba Michael , Kienle Lorenz , Duppel Viola , Thommes Matthias , Serre Christian , Férey Gérard , Stock Norbert 
Published: February 2009

AbstractGroß, größer …︁ Der Austausch von 1,4‐Benzoldicarboxylat gegen 2,6‐Naphthalindicarboxylat in der MIL‐101‐Struktur ergibt ein isoretikuläres mesoporöses Netzwerk mit Käfigen von 39 und 46 Å Durchmesser. Hochdurchsatzmethoden wurden eingesetzt, um die optimalen Reaktionsbedingungen zu finden. Die mikrokristalline Verbindung wurde durch Struktursimulation sowie Pulverröntgenbeugungs‐, N2‐Sorptions‐ und TEM‐Messungen charakterisiert.magnified image
Pattern‐Based Recognition of Heparin Contaminants by an Array of Self‐Assembling Fluorescent Receptors
Authors: Jagt Richard B. C. , Gómez‐Biagi Rodolfo F. , Nitz Mark 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTracking down potential killers: Strong host–guest interactions enable the facile combination of polycationic cyclodextrin binding motifs (blue) with fluorescent reporters (orange) tethered to a hydrophobic guest molecule (dark green). An array of supramolecular fluorescent receptors prepared by this modular approach was used for the pattern‐based recognition of negatively charged contaminants in the anticoagulant drug heparin.magnified image
Using rubrics to assess information literacy: An examination of methodology and interrater reliability
Authors: Oakleaf Megan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAcademic librarians seeking to assess information literacy skills often focus on testing as a primary means of evaluation. Educators have long recognized the limitations of tests, and these limitations cause many educators to prefer rubric assessment to test‐based approaches to evaluation. In contrast, many academic librarians are unfamiliar with the benefits of rubrics. Those librarians who have explored the use of information literacy rubrics have not taken a rigorous approach to methodology and interrater reliability. This article seeks to remedy these omissions by describing the benefits of a rubric‐based approach to information literacy assessment, identifying a methodology for using rubrics to assess information literacy skills, and analyzing the interrater reliability of information literacy rubrics in the hands of university librarians, faculty, and students. Study results demonstrate that Cohen's κ can be effectively employed to check interrater reliability. The study also indicates that rubric training sessions improve interrater reliability among librarians, faculty, and students.
The f index: Quantifying the impact of coterminal citations on scientists' ranking
Authors: Katsaros Dimitrios , Akritidis Leonidas , Bozanis Panayiotis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDesigning fair and unbiased metrics to measure the “level of excellence” of a scientist is a very significant task because they recently also have been taken into account when deciding faculty promotions, when allocating funds, and so on. Despite criticism that such scientometric evaluators are confronted with, they do have their merits, and efforts should be spent to arm them with robustness and resistance to manipulation. This article aims at initiating the study of the coterminal citations—their existence and implications—and presents them as a generalization of self‐citations and of co‐citation; it also shows how they can be used to capture any manipulation attempts against scientometric indicators, and finally presents a new index, the f index, that takes into account the coterminal citations. The utility of the new index is validated using the academic production of a number of esteemed computer scientists. The results confirm that the new index can discriminate those individuals whose work penetrates many scientific communities.
Specific absorption rate and electric field measurements in the near field of six mobile phone base station antennas
Authors: Toivonen Tommi , Toivo Tim , Puranen Lauri , Jokela Kari 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this article, the exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields was studied in close proximity (distances of 10, 100, 300, and 600 mm) to six base station antennas. The specific absorption rate (SAR) in 800 mm × 500 mm × 200 mm box phantom as well as unperturbed electric field (E) in air was measured. The results were used to determine whether the measurement of local maximum of unperturbed electric field can be used as a compliance check for local exposure. Also, the conservativeness of this assessment method compared to the ICNIRP basic restriction was studied. Moreover, the assessment of whole‐body exposure was discussed and the distance ranges presented in which the ICNIRP limit for local exposure could be exceeded before the limit for whole‐body SAR. These results show that the electric field measurement alone can be used for easy compliance check for the local exposure at all distances and for all antenna types studied. However, in some cases when the local peak value of E was compared directly to the ICNIRP reference level for unperturbed E, the exposure was overestimated only very slightly (by factor 1.1) compared to the basic restriction for localized SAR in a human, and hence these results can not be generalized to all antenna types. Moreover, it was shown that the limit for localized exposure could be exceeded before the limit for the whole‐body average SAR, if the distance to the antenna was less than 240 mm. Bioelectromagnetics 30:307–312, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.