bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The synaptic muscle‐specific kinase (MuSK) complex: New partners, new functions
Authors: Strochlic Laure , Cartaud Annie , Cartaud Jean 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe muscle‐specific kinase MuSK is part of an agrin receptor complex that stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation and drives clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in the postsynaptic membrane at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ). MuSK also regulates synaptic gene transcription in subsynaptic nuclei. Over the past few years, decisive progress has been made in the identification of MuSK effectors, helping to understand its function in the formation of the NMJ. Similarly to AChR, MuSK and several of its partners are the target of mutations responsible for diseases of the NMJ, such as congenital myasthenic syndromes. This minireview will focus on the multiple MuSK effectors so far identified that place MuSK at the center of a multifunctional signaling complex involved in the organization of the NMJ and associated disorders. BioEssays 27:1129–1135, 2005. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Jekyll and Hyde: Evolving perspectives on the function and potential of the adult liver progenitor (oval) cell
Authors: Knight Belinda , Matthews Vance B. , Olynyk John K. , Yeoh George C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe liver progenitor cell (LPC) has enormous potential for use in cell therapy to treat liver disease. Since liver regenerates readily from pre‐existing hepatocytes, a role for LPCs and, indeed, their existence have been questioned. Research during the last decade has established that LPCs are an important alternative source of cells for liver regeneration. Their utility for cell therapy lies in their ability to generate both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. However, they are observed in liver diseases that often lead to cancer and there is experimental evidence that implicates LPCs as the source of tumours. This article provides a brief history of the studies that established the functional importance of LPCs in liver disease. It focuses on mouse models that have led to the identification of factors that regulate LPC growth and differentiation and discusses LPCs derived from different sources. Recent promising results from both in vitro and vivo studies suggest that LPCs could be useful for cell therapy. In the context of liver disease, LPCs may indeed be the cell of the future and understandably “our favourite cell”. BioEssays 27:1192–1202, 2005. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Notch signaling in hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis: Lessons from Drosophila
Authors: Radtke Freddy , Wilson Anne , MacDonald H. Robson 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling pathway regulates a broad spectrum of cell fate decisions and differentiation processes during fetal and postnatal life. It is involved in embryonic organogenesis as well as in the maintenance of homeostasis of self‐renewing systems. In this article, we review the role of Notch signaling in the hematopoietic system with particular emphasis on lymphocyte development and highlight the similarities in Notch function between Drosophila and mammalian differentiation processes. Recent studies indicating that aberrant NOTCH signaling is frequently linked to the induction of T leukemia in humans will also be discussed. BioEssays 27:1117–1128, 2005. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The business case for sustainability? An examination of small firms in the UK's construction and restaurant sectors
Authors: Revell Andrea , Blackburn Robert 
Published: October 2005

AbstractStudies show that despite a concerted attempt by UK policy‐makers to portray ‘eco‐efficiency’ measures as cost reducing, most owner‐managers of small firms view environmental measures as expensive to undertake. As a result, owner‐managers tend to be highly resistant to voluntarily improving their environmental performance. Given that SMEs are such a vast sector of the economy, this perceived discord between profits and environmental protection is clearly a major barrier to the ‘greening’ of industry. This ESRC‐funded study has sought to unearth the underlying motivations for why SME owner‐managers in the UK resist or accept the idea that there are business benefits for improving their environmental performance. The findings from 40 in‐depth interviews with SME owners in the UK's construction and restaurant sectors and 12 ‘key informants’ from industry and government are presented, followed by a discussion of SME perspectives on the ‘business case’ for sustainability and its implications for policy‐makers. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Sustainability, performance and organizational strategy: an empirical analysis of public organizations
Authors: Enticott Gareth , Walker Richard M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThis paper presents a first time empirical analysis of sustainable management and performance in public organizations. Prior evidence from private firms on the relationship between sustainable management and performance indicates that the benefits of adopting social responsibility practices accrue across a number of dimensions of performance. Empirical analysis of English local government suggests that sustainable management is related to sustainability performance but not to other measures of organizational performance. These conclusions raise questions about the nature of sustainable management in public agencies and the measurement of performance. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Corporate greening through prosocial extrarole behaviours – a conceptual framework for employee motivation
Authors: Ramus Catherine A. , Killmer Annette B. C. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractScholars in environmental management have called for better grounding of research on corporate greening within established organizational theories. We propose a conceptual framework (including suggestions for operationalizing it) that embeds empirical research within behavioural intent models and the concept of value‐creating prosocial behaviours. We argue that conceiving of corporate greening as a prosocial behaviour in this manner provides an improved understanding of the dominant factors that motivate employees to engage in ecoinitiatives. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Mutation in the δ‐subunit of the nAChR suppresses the muscle defects caused by lack of Dystrophin
Authors: Etard Christelle , Behra Martine , Ertzer Raymond , Fischer Nadine , Jesuthasan Suresh , Blader Patrick , Geisler Robert , Strähle Uwe 
Published: October 2005

AbstractNormal motility of the zebrafish embryo requires a large number of gene loci, many of which have human orthologues implicated in myasthenias and other myopathies. We have identified a mutation in the zebrafish that abolishes body motility. Embryos have narrower myofibrils and lack clusters of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the surface of the somitic muscle. We mapped the mutation to the δ‐subunit of the nAChR, showing this mutant to be a new allele of the previously namedsofa potato(sop). The mutant allele carries a missense mutation in the extracellular domain altering the cysteine at position 150 to an arginine. The δ‐subunit is expressed in all striated muscles in embryonic and early larval stages together with the α1, β1, ϵ, and γ‐subunits of nAChR. In contrast to mammals that show switching from the γ embryonic to the adult ϵ‐subunit, the two subunits are coexpressed in zebrafish embryos. We, furthermore, demonstrated that thesop/δ‐nAChRmutation is a suppressor of the myopathy caused by lack of Dystrophin. The myofiber detachment phenotype of Dystroglycan‐deficient embryos was not suppressed, suggesting that Dystrophin and Dystroglycan play distinct roles in muscle formation and maintenance of muscle integrity. Developmental Dynamics 234:1016–1025, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DPATJ plays a role in retinal morphogenesis and protects against light‐dependent degeneration of photoreceptor cells in the Drosophila eye
Authors: Richard Mélisande , Grawe Ferdi , Knust Elisabeth 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe establishment of apicobasal polarity in epithelial cells is a prerequisite for their function. Drosophila photoreceptor cells derive from epithelial cells, and their apical membranes undergo elaborate differentiation during pupal development, forming photosensitive rhabdomeres and associated stalk membranes. Crumbs (Crb), a transmembrane protein involved in the maintenance of epithelial polarity in the embryo, defines the stalk as a subdomain of the apical membrane. Crb organizes a complex composed of several PDZ domain‐containing proteins, including DPATJ (formerly known as Discs lost). Taking advantage of a DPATJ mutant line in which only a truncated form of the protein is synthesized, we demonstrate that DPATJ is necessary for the stability of the Crb complex at the stalk membrane and is crucial for stalk membrane development and rhabdomere maintenance during late pupal stages. Moreover, DPATJ protects against light‐induced photoreceptor degeneration. Developmental Dynamics 235:895–907, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Structures of Fullerene Bromides and Chlorides
Authors: Troyanov Sergey I. , Kemnitz Erhard 
Published: October 2005

AbstractHalogenated fullerenes have been subjects of intensive investigations since the discovery of fullerene, because of their possible further derivatization. This paper reviews the synthesis and molecular structures of fullerene bromides and chlorides, covering earlier work in this field and progress in synthetic methods developed by the authors. The use of inorganic chlorides and oxychlorides for the chlorination of fullerenes allowed the preparation of new compounds that have been fully characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy and confirmed by theoretical calculations. Comparison between fullerene bromides, chlorides, and fluorides has revealed that the maximum degrees of halogenation and compound stability increase from the bromides to the fluorides. The larger Cl and Br atoms and the lower C–Hal energies also engender significant differences in addition patterns of the C60Haln and C70Halm molecules in relation to those of the fluorides. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
The Abnormal Behavior of an Atropisomer: 3,3′‐Dibromo‐1,1′‐difluoro‐2,2′‐binaphthyl Reacting with Alkyllithium Compounds
Authors: Leroux Frédéric , Mangano Giuseppe , Schlosser Manfred 
Published: October 2005

Abstract1‐Fluoro‐2‐(triethylsilyl)naphthalene (1) and other 1‐fluoronaphthalenes bearing a metalation‐resistant substituent at the 2‐position proved to be totally inert toward base attack. 3‐Bromo‐1‐fluoronaphthalene (6), readily prepared from the 2‐bromo isomer 5 by deprotonation‐triggered heavy halogen migration, was converted into 3,3′‐dibromo‐1,1′‐difluoro‐2,2′‐binaphthyl (8) by consecutive treatment with lithium diisopropylamide, copper(II) bromide and nitrobenzene. The dilithiated intermediate generated from the atropisomer 8 by treatment with 2 equiv. of butyllithium reacted with a variety of electrophiles to afford products such as the diacid 12 or the bis(phosphanes) 14 and 15 in high yields. The latter compound was also obtained in a straightforward manner from (4‐fluoro‐2‐naphthyl)diphenylphosphane oxide (16). Unexpectedly, neither the 3,3′‐dibromobinaphthyl 8 nor its 3,3′‐diiodo analogue 18 were amenable to a unilateral but only to a double‐sided halogen/metal permutation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Cyclopentathiadiazines, Cyclohepta‐ and Cyclopentadithiazoles: New Materials and a Rich Heterocyclic Chemistry of Cyclic Enaminonitriles
Authors: Gómez Teresa , Macho Sonia , Miguel Daniel , Neo Ana G. , Rodríguez Teresa , Torroba Tomás 
Published: October 2005

Abstract3‐Amino‐1H‐indene‐2‐carbonitrile and 2‐amino‐3H‐indene‐1‐carbonitrile reacted with SCl2, iBu3N and NCS to give benzocyclopenta[1,2,6]thiadiazines, and whilst 2‐aminocyclopent‐1‐enecarbonitrile gave, under the same conditions, a cyclopenta[1,2,6]thiadiazine, its reaction with mixtures of S2Cl2, SCl2 and iBu3N under different conditions gave, selectively, an isothiazolo[3,4‐d]cyclopenta[1,2,3]dithiazole and new cyclopenta[1,2,3]dithiazole derivatives. Similarly, 2‐aminocyclohept‐1‐enecarbonitrile reacted with SCl2, iBu3N and NCS to give a formally antiaromatic cyclohepta[1,2,3]dithiazole. Some of the compounds obtained showed characteristics useful as new materials, for example, as liquid crystals and near‐infrared dyes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Solvent‐Dependent Pseudopolymorphism of Tripyridoxycalix[4]arene: cone versus partial‐cone Conformation
Authors: Dyker Gerald , Mastalerz Michael , Müller Iris M. , Merz Klaus , Koppe Karsten 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe preferred conformation of the tripyridoxycalixarene 1 in the crystalline state strongly depends on the applied solvents: The interaction with the clathrated solvent molecules influences the equilibrium between intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and therefore the conformation of 1. The paco‐1 molecules form methanol‐containing channels; cone‐1 crystallizes as a clathrate with ethyl acetate fixed in the lattice voids. The conformations and their interconversion were studied by X‐ray crystal structure analysis and DSC measurements. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)
Response Behavior of Poly(vinyl chloride)‐ and Polyurethane‐Based Ca2+‐Selective Membrane Electrodes with Polypyrrole‐ and Poly(3‐octylthiophene)‐Mediated Internal Solid Contact
Authors: Sutter Jolanda , Pretsch Ernö 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe potentiometric response behavior of Ca2+‐selective poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyurethane (PU) membranes with different inner contacts has been compared. Evidence for the formation of a water film between membrane and internal contact and, hence, a less than optimal lower detection limit have been found for membranes directly in contact with bare Au or with polypyrrole generated by electropolymerization in the presence of KCl. A significantly better behavior is shown by membranes with polypyrrole prepared in the presence of potassium hexacyanoferrate. Best performances have been obtained with solvent‐cast poly(3‐octylthiophene) as the internal contacting layer. As compared with the PVC membranes, those with PU had a significantly worse performance throughout.
Mass spectrometric investigation of protein alkylation by the RNA footprinting probe kethoxal
Authors: Akinsiku Olusimidele T. , Yu Eizadora T. , Fabris Daniele 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe reactivity of the RNA footprinting reagent kethoxal (KT) toward proteins was investigated by electrospray ionization‐Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Using standard peptides, KT was shown to selectively modify the guanidino group of arginine side chains at neutral pH, while primary amino groups of lysine and N‐terminus were found to be unreactive under these conditions. Gas‐phase fragmentation of KT adducts provided evidence for a cyclic 1,2‐diol structure. Esterification of the 1,2‐diol product was obtained in borate buffer, and its structure was also investigated by tandem mass spectrometry. When model proteins were probed with this RNA footprinting reagent, the adducts proved to be sufficiently stable to allow for the application of different peptide‐mapping procedures to identify the location of modified arginines. Probing of proteins under native folding conditions provided modification patterns that very closely matched the structural context of arginines in the global protein structure. A strong correlation was demonstrated between the susceptibility to modification and residue accessibility calculated from the known 3D structure. When the complexes formed by HIV‐1 nucleocapsid (NC) protein and RNA stemloops SL2 and SL3 were investigated, KT footprinting provided accurate information regarding the involvement of individual arginines in binding RNA and showed different reactivity according to their mode of interaction. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a hydrometeorological forcing data set for global soil moisture estimation
Authors: Berg A. A , Famiglietti J. S. , Rodell M. , Reichle R. H. , Jambor U. , Holl S. L. , Houser P. R. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractOff‐line land surface modeling simulations require accurate meteorological forcing with consistent spatial and temporal resolutions. Although reanalysis products present an attractive data source for these types of applications, bias to many of the reanalysis fields limits their use for hydrological modeling. In this study, we develop a global 0.5° forcing data sets for the time period 1979–1993 on a 6‐hourly time step through application of a bias correction scheme to reanalysis products. We then use this forcing data to drive a land surface model for global estimation of soil moisture and other hydrological states and fluxes. The simulated soil moisture estimates are compared toin situmeasurements, satellite observations and to a modeled data set of root zone soil moisture produced within a separate land surface model, using a different data set of hydrometeorological forcing. In general, there is good agreement between anomalies in modeled and observed (in situ) root zone soil moisture. Similarly, for the surface soil wetness state, modeled estimates and satellite observations are in general statistical agreement; however, correlations decline with increasing vegetation amount. Comparisons to a modeled data set of soil moisture also demonstrates that both simulations present estimates that are well correlated for the soil moisture in the anomaly time series, despite being derived from different land surface models, using different data sources for meteorological forcing, and with different specifications of the land surfaces properties. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society
Sensitivity of frost occurrence to temperature variability in the European Alps
Authors: Auer Ingeborg , Matulla Christoph , Böhm Reinhard , Ungersböck Markus , Maugeri Maurizio , Nanni Teresa , Pastorelli Rossella 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this study, we set out to investigate the linkage of frost frequency to monthly mean temperature and its sensitivity to temperature changes. According to other related studies, the linkage between frost frequency and monthly mean temperature is approximated month per month via hyperbolic tangent functions. These models are validated using three validation experiments including split sample tests and temporal cross‐validation. As there are quality‐checked station data in Austria, whose temporal resolution and length allow for such a validation procedure, the validation experiments are conducted there.After the performance of the empirical models is evaluated and found adequate, the hyperbolic tangent approach is applied to about 500 stations within the so called Greater Alpine region (GAR), which extends from about 4 °E to 18 °E and from 44 °N to 49 °N. Using these models, it is possible to derive the sensitivity of frost frequency for any location for which the annual temperature cycle is known. This strategy is explicitly demonstrated for the Po Plain, where vertical temperature profiles on a monthly base are on hand as well as in Austria, where spatially high resolved maps of monthly mean temperature are available. Moreover, at stations for which long‐term homogenised series of monthly mean temperature are available, reconstructions of frost frequency via the empirical models are done, returning to historical periods where no measurements of minimum temperature exist.On the basis of these findings, the impact of a possible future warming can be assessed, which is essential with regard to glaciers, permafrost and avalanches. Reduction in frost might bring positive economic aspects for agriculture, but negative consequences for low level skiing areas. Copyright © 2005 Royal Meteorological Society.
Retracted: Temperature affects flavour intensity and quality of aroma in fresh basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves
Authors: Chang Xianmin , Alderson Peter G , Hollowood Tracey A , Hewson Louise , Wright Charles J 
Published: October 2005

AbstractRetraction: The following article from the Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, ‘Temperature affects flavour intensity and quality of aroma in fresh basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves’ by Xianmin Chang, Peter G Alderson, Tracey A Hollowood, Louise Hewson, and Charles J Wright, published online on 19 October 2005 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, David S. Reid and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to overlap between this article and the following article published in the The Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology; ‘Effect of temperature integration on the growth and volatile oil content of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)’ by Xianmin Chang, Peter G Alderson and Charles J Wright. Volume 80 Issue 5, 2005, pages 593 – 598
Intraoperative photodynamic therapy of the chest cavity in malignant pleural mesothelioma bearing rats
Authors: Krueger Thorsten , Pan Youmin , Tran Nam , Altermatt Hans‐Joerg , Opitz Isabelle , Ris Hans‐Beat 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveExperimental assessment of anticancer effect, normal tissue damage, and toxicity of intrathoracic mTHPC‐mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined to surgery in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) bearing rats.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSix days after implantation of syngenic malignant mesothelioma cells in the left chest cavity of Fischer rats (n = 21) and 4 days after sensitization (0.1 mg/kg mTHPC), a left‐sided pneumonectomy was performed, followed by intraoperative light delivery (652 nm, fluence 20 J/cm2), either by spherical illumination of the chest cavity (fluence rate 15 mW/cm2) or by focal illumination of a tumor area (fluence rate 150 mW/cm2). Controls comprised tumor‐bearing untreated animals, tumor‐bearing animals undergoing pneumonectomy, and tumor‐bearing animals undergoing pneumonectomy and light delivery without sensitization or sensitization without light delivery. No thoracocentesis was performed during follow‐up.ResultsAn invasively growing sarcomatous type of mesothelioma was found in all animals at day 10, without tumor necrosis in control animals. PDT resulted in 0.5–1 mm deep inhomogeneous tumor necrosis after spherical, and in a 1–2 mm deep tumor necrosis after focal illumination. No injury to mediastinal organs was observed, neither after PDT with spherical nor with focal light delivery except focal interstitial lung fibrosis at the mediastinal area of the opposite lung. All animals with pneumonectomy followed by spherical PDT of the entire tumor‐bearing chest cavity died within 72 hours whereas all other animals survived. All animals that died presented massive pleural effusion.ConclusionsPDT following pneumonectomy in mesothelioma bearing rats was technically feasible and allowed to study its effect on tumor and normal tissues. PDT‐related tumor necrosis was observed after spherical and focal light delivery, however, pneumonectomy followed by PDT with spherical light delivery to the tumor‐bearing chest cavity resulted in fatal complications. Lasers Surg. Med. 37:271–277, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.