bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell size and xylem differentiation regulating genes from Salicornia europaea contribute to plant salt tolerance
Authors: Lou Tengxue , Lv Sulian , Wang Jinhui , Wang Duoliya , Lin Kangqi , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Bo , Guo Zijing , Yi Ze , Li Yinxin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCell wall is involved in plant growth and plays pivotal roles in plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Cell wall remodelling may be crucial to salt adaptation in the euhalophyte Salicornia europaea. However, the mechanism underlying this process is still unclear. Here, full‐length transcriptome indicated cell wall‐related genes were comprehensively regulated under salinity. The morphology and cell wall components in S. europaea shoot were largely modified under salinity. Through the weighted gene co‐expression network analysis, SeXTH2 encoding xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases, and two SeLACs encoding laccases were focused. Meanwhile, SeEXPB was focused according to expansin activity and the expression profiling. Function analysis in Arabidopsis validated the functions of these genes in enhancing salt tolerance. SeXTH2 and SeEXPB overexpression led to larger cells and leaves with hemicellulose and pectin content alteration. SeLAC1 and SeLAC2 overexpression led to more xylem vessels, increased secondary cell wall thickness and lignin content. Notably, SeXTH2 transgenic rice exhibited enhanced salt tolerance and higher grain yield. Altogether, these genes may function in the succulence and lignification process in S. europaea. This work throws light on the regulatory mechanism of cell wall remodelling in S. europaea under salinity and provides potential strategies for improving crop salt tolerance and yields.
2‐Mercaptonicotinoyl glycine, a new potent melanogenesis inhibitor, exhibits a unique mode of action while preserving melanocyte integrity
Authors: Sextius Peggy , Warrick Emilie , Prévot‐Guéguiniat Amélie , Lereaux Guillaume , Boirre Florence , Baux Ludwig , Hassine Safa Ben , Qiu Jie , Huang Xiaoming , Xu Jinzhu , Grégoire Sébastien , Ito Shosuke , Wakamatsu Kazumasa , Marat Xavier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch on new ingredients that can prevent excessive melanin production in the skin while considering efficacy, safety but also environmental impact is of great importance to significantly improve the profile of existing actives on the market and avoid undesirable side effects. Here, the discovery of an innovative technology for the management of hyperpigmentation is described. High‐throughput screening tests on a wide chemical diversity of molecules and in silico predictive methodologies were essential to design an original thiopyridinone backbone and select 2‐mercaptonicotinoyl glycine (2‐MNG) as exhibiting the most favorable balance between the impact on water footprint, skin penetration potential and performance. The effectiveness of 2‐MNG was confirmed by topical application on pigmented reconstructed epidermis and human skin explants. In addition, experiments have shown that unlike most melanogenesis inhibitors on the market, this molecule is not a tyrosinase inhibitor. 2‐MNG binds to certain melanin precursors, preventing their integration into growing melanin and leading to inhibition of eumelanin and pheomelanin synthesis, without compromising the integrity of melanocytes.
Single dominant lesion in capillary malformation‐arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) RASA1 syndrome
Authors: Sánchez‐Espino Luis Fernando , Ivars Marta , Prat Torres Carolina , Lavarino Cinzia E. , Olaciregui Nagore Gené , Zurriaga Carlota Rovira , Passini Verónica P. Celis , Serrano Miguel Bejarano , Baselga Eulàlia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe report two cases with localized vascular malformations clinically resembling the “dominant lesion” seen in capillary malformation‐arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) syndrome, however, lacking germline RASA1 variants but presenting double somatic RASA1 variants in affected tissue. Both patients presented with localized and superficial high‐flow vascular malformations were treated with surgery and laser therapy and showed partial resolution. The study underscores the rarity of somatic RASA1 variants, contributes to understanding the “second‐hit” pathophysiology in vascular lesions, and emphasizes the significance of clinical distinctions and genotyping for accurate diagnoses, offering implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic counseling.
Domain specificity of error monitoring: An ERP study in young and older adults
Authors: Lenzoni Sabrina , Sumich Alexander L. , Mograbi Daniel C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetacognition refers to the ability to monitor and control one's cognitive processes, which plays an important role in decision‐making throughout the lifespan. It is still debated whether metacognitive abilities decline with age. Neuroimaging evidence suggests that metacognition is served by domain‐specific mechanisms. These domains may differentially decline with increasing age. The current investigates whether the error‐related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe) which reflect error detection and error awareness, respectively, differ across perceptual and memory domains in young and older adults. In total, 38 young adults and 37 older adults completed a classic Flanker Task (perceptual) and an adapted memory‐based version. No difference in ERN amplitude was found between young and older adults and across domains. Perceptual ERN peaked earlier than Memory ERN. Memory ΔERN was larger than Perceptual ΔERN. Pe was smaller in older adults and ΔPe was larger for perceptual than memory flanker. Memory Pe peaked earlier in young as compared to older adults. Multivariate analyses of whole scalp data supported cross‐domain differences. During the task, ERN decreased in young but not in older adults. Memory Pe decreased in young adults but increased in older adults while no significant change in perceptual Pe was found. The study's findings suggest that neural correlates of error monitoring differ across cognitive domains. Moreover, it was shown that error awareness declines in old age but its within‐task dynamics vary across cognitive domains. Possible mechanisms underlying metacognition impairments in aging are discussed.
‘We are Patriots, not Fascists:’ Spanish Nationalism in 2017
Authors: Spangler Claire 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 2017 Catalan Independence Referendum prompted a historic resurgence of Spanish ‘centre’ nationalism. Such resurgence is indicative of a change in Spanish national identity as overt nationalism and is connotationally related to the Franco regime. This research focuses on the power and dissemination of newspaper narratives in the promotion and descriptions of such nationalism. Newspapers are discursively analysed to understand the decreasing reticence towards ‘centre’ nationalism in Spain, as evidenced by nationalist rhetoric and symbolism, and the significance of this change for the Spanish transition to democracy. It is found that the Catalan referendum inspired a strong counter‐reaction of dissociating centre‐periphery relations suggestive of pre‐democratic transition sentiments in the maintenance of the ‘centre’ as dominant and relegating the ‘periphery’ to its Franco‐era ‘threat’ status. Newspapers facilitated this shift in the nationalist narrative through their descriptions of the independence movement and the use of references and allusions to Spain's history and ‘near past.’
Effects of far‐infrared radiation lamp therapy on recovery from a simulated soccer‐match in elite female soccer players
Authors: Tseng Wei‐Chin , Nosaka Kazunori , Chou Tai‐Ying , Howatson Glyn , Chen Trevor C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe investigated the effects of far‐infrared radiation (FIR) lamp therapy on changes in muscle damage and performance parameters following six sets of 15‐min Loughborough intermittent shuttle test (LIST), a simulated soccer match. Twenty‐four elite female soccer players (20–24 y) were assigned into FIR or sham treatment group (n = 12/group). The participants received a 60‐min FIR or sham treatment (30 min per muscle) over knee extensors (KE) and flexors (KF) at 2, 25, 49, 73, and 97 h post‐LIST. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) torque and muscle soreness of the KE and KF, plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity as muscle damage markers, and several performance parameters including countermovement jump (CMJ) and Yo‐Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1) were measured before and 1, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h post‐LIST. Changes in the measures were compared between groups by a mixed‐design two‐way ANOVA. The running distance covered during LIST and changes in the measures at 1‐h post‐LIST (before the treatment) were similar (p = 0.118–0.371) between groups. Changes in muscle damage markers at 24–120 h post‐LIST were smaller (p < 0.05, η2 = 0.208–0.467) for the FIR (e.g., MVC‐KE torque decrease at 48‐h post‐LIST: −1 ± 2%, peak KE soreness: 16 ± 10 mm, peak CK: 172 ± 42 IU/L) than sham group (−11 ± 9%, 33 ± 7 mm, 466 ± 220 IU/L, respectively). Performance parameters recovered faster (p < 0.05, η2 = 0.142–0.308) to baseline for the FIR (e.g., decreases at 48‐h post‐LIST; CMJ: 0 ± 1%, YYIR1: 0 ± 1%) than sham group (−6 ± 2%, −9 ± 6%, respectively). These results suggest that the FIR lamp therapy was effective for enhancing recovery from a soccer match.
Identification of key genes and molecular mechanisms of chronic urticaria based on bioinformatics
Authors: Guo Haichao , Guo Lifang , Li Li , Li Na , Lin Xiaoyun , Wang Yanjun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChronic urticaria (CU) is characterized by persistent skin hives, redness, and itching, enhanced by immune dysregulation and inflammation. Our main objective is identifying key genes and molecular mechanisms of chronic urticaria based on bioinformatics. We used the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and retrieved two GEO datasets, GSE57178 and GSE72540. The raw data were extracted, pre‐processed, and analyzed using the GEO2R tool to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The samples were divided into two groups: healthy samples and CU samples. We defined cut‐off values of log2 fold change ≥1 and p < .05. Analyses were performed in the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), Metascape, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and CIBERSOFT databases. We obtained 1613 differentially expressed genes. There were 114 overlapping genes in both datasets, out of which 102 genes were up‐regulated while 12 were down‐regulated. The biological processes included activation of myeloid leukocytes, response to inflammations, and response to organic substances. Moreover, the KEGG pathways of CU were enriched in the Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B (NF‐kB) signaling pathway, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) signaling pathway, and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK‐STAT) signaling pathway. We identified 27 hub genes that were implicated in the pathogenesis of CU, such as interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), Prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM1). The complex interplay between immune responses, inflammatory pathways, cytokine networks, and specific genes enhances CU. Understanding these mechanisms paves the way for potential interventions to mitigate symptoms and improve the quality of life of CU patients.
Promotion of apoplastic oxidative burst by artificially selected GhCBSX3A enhances Verticillium dahliae resistance in upland cotton
Authors: Zhang Yihao , Yuan Yuan , Xi Hongfang , Zhang Yaning , Gao Chenxu , Ma Meng , Huang Qian , Li Fuguang , Yang Zhaoen 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYVerticillium wilt (VW) is a devasting disease affecting various plants, including upland cotton, a crucial fiber crop. Despite its impact, the genetic basis underlying cotton's susceptibility or defense against VW remains unclear. Here, we conducted a genome‐wide association study on VW phenotyping in upland cotton and identified a locus on A13 that is significantly associated with VW resistance. We then identified a cystathionine β‐synthase domain gene at A13 locus, GhCBSX3A, which was induced by Verticillium dahliae. Functional analysis, including expression silencing in cotton and overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana, confirmed that GhCBSX3A is a causal gene at the A13 locus, enhancing SAR‐RBOHs‐mediated apoplastic oxidative burst. We found allelic variation on the TATA‐box of GhCBSX3A promoter attenuated its expression in upland cotton, thereby weakening VW resistance. Interestingly, we discovered that altered artificial selection of GhCBSX3A_R (an elite allele for VW) under different VW pressures during domestication and other improved processes allows specific human needs to be met. Our findings underscore the importance of GhCBSX3A in response to VW, and we propose a model for defense‐associated genes being selected depending on the pathogen's pressure. The identified locus and gene serve as promising targets for VW resistance enhancement in cotton through genetic engineering.
Insurgent envelopment: The emergency blanket and scenes of exposure at border zones
Authors: McCormack Derek 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCritical engagement with spaces of exposure is an important research agenda in the contemporary social sciences and humanities. Developing and extending this agenda, this paper offers an account of how scenes of exposure at border zones are mediated materially, aesthetically, and politically by forms of envelopment. Specifically, it discusses the geographies of exposure and envelopment that unfold through the use and re‐use of the emergency blanket at these zones. Fabricated from metallised polymer films, emergency blankets are used commonly to provide thermal protection for bodies at risk of exposure in a range of situations. More than functional, however, these objects also have a distinctive aesthetic allure. By attending to the material and aesthetic qualities of the emergency blanket, this paper explores its visibility and significance in scenes of exposure at border zones. Highlighting how the blanket is deployed as a device of minimal comfort, the paper then considers artistic works that repurpose this object as part of a creative critique of conditions at these zones. Drawing on the work of Stacy Alaimo and Ronak Kapadia, among others, the paper develops the concept of insurgent envelopment to understand how artists use the emergency blanket in works that simultaneously foreground, disrupt, and reimagine relations between exposure and envelopment.
Psoroptes cuniculi infestation in pet rabbits in Tabasco, Mexico, 2021–2022
Authors: Uco Azamar Nora Guadalupe , Arjona Jiménez Guadalupe , Cruz Bacab Luis Eliezer , De la Cruz Reyes Hernán Everardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundRabbits are an important worldwide meat‐ and fibre‐producing animal, and they are popular pets. The rabbit ear mite, Psoroptes cuniculi, causes severe dermatological disease. Epidemiological data on P. cuniculi infestations are important for public health.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine the frequency of P. cuniculi infestation in pet rabbits and evaluate epidemiological factors associated with infestation.AnimalsTwo hundred pet rabbits presented for veterinary care between 2021 and 2022.Materials and MethodsPhysical examination, otoscopy and microscopy were used for ear mite identification. Association with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), breed, feeding and housing management was analysed.ResultsOf the 200 rabbits, 59 (29.5%) were positive for P. cuniculi. Only female sex had a positive association with P. cuniculi.Conclusions and Clinical SignificancePsoroptes cuniculi in pet rabbits has a similar frequency to that reported in meat‐producing rabbits, and female sex had a positive association.
Buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in five male dogs with penile urethral stricture at the bulbus glandis
Authors: Jareonsuppaperch Athipot , Assawateerakiat Thepsopa , Sasaki Nobuo , Yippaditr Wanchart 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility of correcting penile urethral strictures at the bulbus glandis using buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty in dogs.Study designProspective clinical trial.AnimalsFive male dogs with urethral strictures located at the bulbus glandis.MethodsUrethrotomy was performed throughout the entire length of the urethral stricture including ~0.5 cm healthy urethra proximal and distal. The scarred tissue and unhealthy mucosa of the strictured urethra were completely excised. The graft was harvested from the buccal mucosa and tubularized at the stricture site using a urethral catheter as the skeleton. The catheter was maintained for 14 days after surgery and removed when no urethral leakage was identified on a positive‐contrast retrograde urethrogram. The dogs were discharged after spontaneous urination was confirmed. Six months postoperative follow‐up was completed for all dogs with repeated positive contrast urethrogram and an owner questionnaire to score urinary function and quality of life.ResultsThe five dogs recovered well following surgery and only one dog experienced a minor complication. All dogs were able to urinate normally after catheter removal. No evidence of leakage was identified on a 14 day postoperative retrograde positive contrast urethrogram and clinically at a median follow‐up time of 182 days (range, 182–186). All owners scored the urinary function as excellent and ranked their satisfaction very high 6 months after the procedure.ConclusionBuccal mucosal graft urethroplasty has positive outcomes for dogs with penile urethral strictures.
Investigating the weekend effect in decompressive thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy for acute intervertebral disc extrusion: An observational cohort study of 460 cases (2018–2023)
Authors: Low Daniel , Rutherford Scott 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate if weekend surgery is associated with poorer outcomes in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) undergoing decompressive thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy.Study designRetrospective observational cohort study.Sample populationA total of 460 consecutive cases were reviewed, with 401 dogs undergoing weekday surgery (Cohort WD), and 59 dogs undergoing weekend surgery (Cohort WE).MethodsMedical records of a surgical referral center in the UK were reviewed. Preoperative patient demographic and clinical data, and postoperative outcome data were collected with a minimum 28‐day follow‐up period. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to model the odds of a negative outcome.ResultsCohort WE had a higher preoperative proportion of nonambulatory dogs (p = .0115) but there were no significant differences between the nonambulatory (p = .3762) and deep‐pain negative subgroups (p = .6199). Cohort WE had a higher risk of not recovering ambulation compared to Cohort WD [79.2% vs. 91.6% recovery; adjusted OR 3.010 (95% CI: 1.259–7.190); p = .0132] and had a higher risk of postoperative morbidity [32.2% vs. 17.2%; adjusted OR 2.015 (95% CI: 1.089–3.729); p = .0257]. There were no significant differences in other outcome measures between cohorts.ConclusionWeekend surgery in canine decompressive thoracolumbar hemilaminectomy may be associated with poorer patient outcomes, specifically higher postoperative morbidity and a poorer rate of recovery of ambulation.Clinical significanceThis study demonstrates a weekend effect in veterinary surgery, which may be important in surgical decision‐making in acute thoracolumbar IVDE. Further scrutiny of the patient's journey through the veterinary healthcare system is warranted.
Untangling deep‐sea corals systematics: Description of a new family, Stephanocyathidae (Anthozoa, Scleractinia), through a genomic approach
Authors: Vaga Claudia Francesca , Seiblitz Isabela Galvao de Lossio e , Capel Katia Cristina Cruz , Quattrini Andrea M. , Stolarski Jaroslaw , Cairns Stephen D. , Kitahara Marcelo Visentini 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOnce considered the most speciose mostly azooxanthellate scleractinian group, the family Caryophylliidae is found to be highly polyphyletic based on molecular data and is undergoing a process of systematic revision. High‐throughput sequencing methods coupled with morphological analyses have facilitated revision of several scleractinian lineages, including the aforementioned family. In previous studies that relied on few mitochondrial and nuclear markers, the caryophylliid genera Stephanocyathus and Vaughanella were phylogenetically recovered in separate clades from the lineage that includes the type genus of the family, Caryophyllia, which is considered the ‘true’ Caryophylliidae. To help untangle the relationship among taxa of this family, here a new deep‐sea scleractinian family (Stephanocyathidae Vaga, Cairns & Kitahara fam. nov.) is proposed based on phylogenomic reconstructions coupled with molecular features, specifically gene order, of the complete mitochondrial genome. Evolutionary reconstructions were based on both mitochondrial and nuclear ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exon loci data sets and confirmed the divergent position of the genera Stephanocyathus and Vaughanella. The new family shows a specific gene transposition in the mitochondrial genome, not present in the ‘true’ caryophylliid lineage, but instead already observed for the species Paraconotrochus antarcticus, recovered as sister taxon of the here proposed new family. Although its phylogenetic position is unknown, the genus Ericiocyathus is also added to the new family, based on macromorphological similarities. This study represents a step forward in our understanding of deep‐sea corals relationships and provide further information (e.g., mitochondrial gene order) that will aid in future efforts of assessing the systematic of caryophylliid lineages.
A Kinematic Synthesis Methodology for P-Drivable Spatial Single Degree-of-Freedom Mechanisms to Avoid Singularities
Authors: Khan Mohammad Z. , Liu Jian , Myszka David H. , Murray Andrew P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For a single degree-of-freedom spatial mechanism, a reference frame attached to any of its links produces a continuous motion of this frame. Given the progression of this frame from the start through the end of the mechanism’s motion, this paper seeks to identify specific points relative to this moving reference frame. The points of interest are those that can be coupled with a second point determined in the fixed frame to act as the end joint locations for a spherical–prismatic–spherical (SPS) driving chain. If the selection of the point pair is made such that the change in distance between them as the mechanism moves is strictly monotonic, then the SPS chain they define is potentially capable of driving the mechanism over the desired range of motion. This motion is referred to as locally P-drivable because a global solution is not ensured by the process proposed herein. This synthesis process can avoid singularities encountered by actuating the mechanism at one of its original joints. The proposed approach enables the dimensional synthesis of a single degree-of-freedom mechanism to focus on creating circuit-defect-free solutions without concern for potential singular positions. The actuating chain can then be determined as a separate step in the synthesis process. This paper also considers motions that are not P-drivable and the specialization to planar systems with the synthesis of a P-drivable revolute–prismatic–revolute (RPR) chain.