bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Freedom in the Perspective of Constitutional Jurisprudence
Authors: Konomi Rezana , Gjipali Dorina 
Published: February 2024

In the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, it is constantly underlined that the freedom of economic activity is a negative freedom as long as it is related to the will of the individual to choose the field of exercise of this activity by freely entering into economic relations with other subjects. But in addition to this, the freedom of economic activity has its positive aspect, which implies the obligation of the state to, through the legislator, intervene in the regulation of this freedom with the aim of guaranteeing, in addition to the freedom of economic activity, the principle of the social state and thanks for sharing. This obligation of the legislator is expressed through the issuance of concrete legal norms, which aim to discipline the exercise of free economic activity in certain sectors or fields. In this case, the state should play the role of catalyst for the effective realization of economic freedom on the one hand and the protection of this freedom on the other hand. Based on the active role of the state, the drafters of the Constitution have provided the criteria on the basis of which it can be intervened to regulate the exercise of this right. The peculiarity of this provision, according to the structure of the Constitution, is that it is not provided in the group of other rights and freedoms, but in the part where the basic principles are provided on which the organization and state functioning of the country is based. So, the drafter of the Constitution preferred to consider the freedom of economic activity first, as a basic principle of the economic system of the Republic of Albania and second, as part of the catalog of freedoms and rights of citizens. It is precisely this distinctive element of this freedom, i.e. being as one of the pillars of the democratic state that gives this freedom a special nature. Precisely these issues with all the problems that appear in practice and in constitutional jurisprudence will be the object of treatment in this statement. The methodology used will be analytical and comparative, identifying problems and ambiguities that are often evident during discussions, not only in doctrinal but also in practice. The paper will aim, albeit in a non-exhaustive way, to make a theoretical presentation of the principle of economic freedom, as well as an analysis of constitutional decisions.

Received: 2 October 2023 / Accepted: 10 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
The Constitutional Reform in Albania
Authors: Kocaqi Elena 
Published: February 2024

The Constitution protects and guarantees the rights of citizens, as well as it organize the powers inside the state. The Albanian constitution, with the changes of 2008, deformed the sovereignty of the people, as well as it made de facto the government unaccountable before the parliament. This hasty constitutional changes produced a powerful prime minister that controls almost all the powers of the state. Seeing these consequences, this paper clarifies the main milestones where the constitutional reform in Albania should be focused, with the aim that the sovereignty of the people to be fully implemented as it is required by the constitution and by the democratic system. The main milestones of the reform are; the changs of the electoral system, the accountability of the government before the parliament, the direct election of the president, as well as the the application of referendums. These are the main topics that we will treat in this paper, based on constitutional law, on the decision of the Constitutional Court, as well as in the literature that has in focus this field.

Received: 19 October 2023 / Accepted: 13 December 2023 / Published: 23 December 2023
Alianzas de gobernanza indígena para el desarrollo comunitario del etnoturismo: caso Peguche Ecuador
Authors: Lomas Tapia Kennedy Rolando , Trujillo Carmen Amelia , Chiliquinga Cevallos Luis Adrián , Chiliquinga Jaramillo Luis Adrían 
Published: February 2024

Los estudios sobre la gobernanza indígena para el desarrollo comunitario en los pueblos originarios han informado sobre la importancia que adquieren las interrelaciones entre comunidades y las organizaciones internacionales a través de sus actividades cotidianas. Además de presentar resultados de una investigación que se propuso explorar en una comunidad durante 8 años (2008-2016) a los sujetos sociales y sus contextos. A través de entrevistas a profundidad, aplicadas en la comunidad Fakcha Llakta de Otavalo, Ecuador, donde se encontraron una serie de dimensiones que son: gobernabilidad democrática; el consentimiento informado en las alianzas interinstitucionales; consolidación de lo aprendido y la continuidad del aprendizaje; promoción de la unión comunitaria para el aprendizaje y el éxito del trabajo conjunto; construcción del aprendizaje social en la comunidad; integración escuela comunidad en la enseñanza del turismo comunitario; conservación del bosque como espacio de práctica en la escuela; educación comunitaria: una educación no formal; la incorporación de saberes ancestrales en el desarrollo del turismo; respeto a los valores sociales; conservación de la lengua ancestral y; la colonización y su efecto en los saberes ancestrales para el desarrollo del turismo. Todas estas dimensiones se complementaron para generar un modelo sociocultural, ambiental y turístico para el progreso social de esta comunidad donde se incluye saberes y creencias legadas por los antepasados.
لاإنسانية المنظمة ودورها في توليد التهكم في مكان العمل: دراسة ميدانية في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية العراقية
Authors: عبدالزهرة Ali 
Published: February 2024

يهدف البحث الى دراسة العلاقة الارتباطية والتأثيرية للمتغير المستقل لا إنسانية المنظمة في توليد المتغير التابع التهكم في مكان العمل وذلك للحد من التهكم في مكان العمل باعتباره احد الظواهر السلبية المنتشرة في المجتمع بشكل عام وفي وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية بشكل خاص والتعرف على الاسباب التي تؤدي الى ظهوره كما يهدف البحث الى تسليط الضوء على واحدة من المفردات الحديثة التي يتم تناولها بشكل كبير من قبل كتاب الادارة وهي لاإنسانية المنظمات وما هي العواقب والاثار السلبية التي يمكن ان تخلفها في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية ومن هنا تم تحديد المشكلة الاساسية للبحث وهي ( ماهي الاسباب التي تؤدي الى ظهور التهكم في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية ؟ وهل تعاني وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية من اللاإنسانية التنظيمية؟ ) .كانت الاستبانة الاداة الرئيسية في جمع البيانات والمعلومات ، اجري البحث في مركز وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية العراقية وكان مجتمع البحث يتمثل بجميع الموظفين في مختلف المستويات الادارية وذلك من خلال اختيار عينة عشوائية اذ تم توزيع (123) استبانة تم استلام (104) استبانة مدققة وصالحة للقياس بما يمثل ( 85%) من مجموع الاستبانات الموزعة وبهدف معالجة البيانات استخدمت العديد من الاساليب الاحصائية ابرزها المتوسط الحسابي ، الانحراف المعياري، معامل ارتباط بيرسون ،انموذج المعادلات الهيكلية . اما اهم النتائج التي توصل اليها البحث هي وجود تأثير كبير للاإنسانية التنظيمية في توليد التهكم في مكان العمل في وزارة العمل والشؤون الاجتماعية وكانت اهم التوصيات للوزارة هي تشجيع الموظفين على التفكير النقدي وفهم مصادر انحياز اتهم واعتقاداتهم التنظيمية التي يمكن أن تساهم في تقليل انتشار التهكم والاستهزاء واعطاء انطباع على التعامل الانساني مع الموظفين.
EDUKASI ETIKA BERBISNIS DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LEAFLET PADA UMKM DESA RABA BAKA KABUPATEN BIMA
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Kusumayadi Firmansyah , Amirulmukminin Amirulmukminin , Rahman Aulia 
Published: February 2024

M
itra binaan adalah mitra yang di bentuk oleh mahasiswa KKN kelompok IX yang berada di Desa Raba Baka sedangkan pelaku UMKM yaitupelaku usaha yang berada di Raba Baka dengan jenis usahanya antara lain
U
s
aha dagang, kios keci, Mebel, Bakulan, Kedai, dan lain sebagainya
.Kegiatan ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan bekal pengetahuan kepada mitra binaan juga pelaku UMKM yang berada di Desa Raba Bakatentang etika bisnis yang perlu dimiliki dalam melakukan bisnis. Metode yang ditawarkan ke UMKM berupa edukasi/sosialisasi dengan menggunakan LEAFLET yang dilaksanakan secara door to door. Materi yang diberikan dalam leaflet meliputi pembahasan tentang PerananEtika dalam berbisnis untuk pelaku UMKM, Manfaat dalam berbisnis untuk pelaku UMKM Penerapan prinsip-prinsip etika dalam berbisnisdalam aktivitas keuangan, pemasaran, produksi dan SDM. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan mitra sangat antusias dalam mendengar dan berdiskusiselama kegiatan berlangsung. Selain itu dapat memberikan bekal pengetahuan tentang etika dalam manajemen usaha.
SOSIALISASI HUKUM TENTANG AKIBAT HUKUM DAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN JUDI ONLINE PADA REMAJA
Authors: Dalimunthe Septian Rizky , Iswandi Rizky , Sitorus Akmal Satria Alfin , Putri Julia Rahma , Juwita Nadilla Rahwa 
Published: February 2024

Sosialisasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan kepada siswa dan siswi di SMK Negeri 4 Kota Tanjungbalai. Adapun yang menjadi latar belakang dalam sosialisasi ini adalah pesatnya perkembangan teknologi menjadikannya sebagai tumpuan dalam segala hidup manusia. Dampak buruk yang dihasilkan oleh perkembangan teknologi salah satunya ialah mudahnya para remaja mengakses perjudian online. Perjudian telah dilarang dalam agama, budaya dan hukum pidana. Remaja yang diharapkan menjadi penerus generasi bangsa akan mengalami moral yang rusak bila terus menerus bermain judi online. Akibat hukum yang terjadi judi online dan upaya pencegahan judi online pada remaja. Adapun peranan bimbingan agama sangat amat penting bagi remaja untuk mencegah perjudian online. Bimbingan dengan memberikan ceramah keagamaan, pembentukan remaja masjid dan membuat program pengajian untuk mencegah maraknya perjudian online yang dilakukan remaja. Sosialisasi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan edukasi dan pengetahuan bahayanya judi online pada remaja.
ENDOMETRİAL KANSERLERİN İNTRAOPERATİF DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNİN GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ
Authors: SAYHAN Sevil , TAVUKÇU Ayşe Gül , AYAZ Duygu , AKÖZ Gamze , KELTEN TALU Esra Canan , KARADENİZ Tuğba 
Published: February 2024

Amaç: Endometrial kanser gelişmiş ülkelerde jinekolojik maligniteler arasında ilk sıradadır.
Bilateral salpingooferektomiyle birlikte total histerektomi; erken evre endometrial
karsinomlarda standart tedavidir. Histolojik tip, myometrial invazyon, tümörün histolojik
derecesi ve servikal tutulum ek cerrahi prosedürleri gerektirir. Patoloğun intraoperatif tanısı
bu süreçte yol göstericidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; laboratuvarımızda, endometrial karsinomun
evreleme cerrahi prosedürü sırasında intraoperatif frozen tanının güvenilirliğini
değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 2019 ocak ayı ile 2022 nisan ayı arasında, endometrial
karsinom ve atipili endometrial hiperplazi ön tanısı ile frozen çalışılan olguların hepsi
taranmış olup; 212 olgudan, frozen raporlarına ulaşılabilen 151 olgu değerlendirilmeye
alınmıştır. Histolojik tip ve derece, tümör çapı, myometrial invazyon, servikal ve adneksiyal
tutulum; frozen ve parafin kesitlerinde retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tümör çapı
Spectrum of alpha-thalassemia mutations according to immigration, ethnicity in Bursa, Turkey and first observing of SEA double gene deletion
Authors: BAYRAK Şeyma Nur , KAZANCI Elif Güler , ORHANER Betül , GÜVEN Deniz 
Published: February 2024

Background: Thalassemia syndromes are common in the Mediterranean region, including Turkey. Our aim is investigating the genetic mutation diversity of alpha thalassemia cases in Bursa and to investigate the mutation diversity in relation to the cases' immigration status and ethnic origins.
Materials and Methods:
Retrospective analysis was performed on 66 cases aged 1-18 years who were diagnosed as alpha thalassemia carriers by genetic mutation analysis. The patients' complete blood count, ferritin levels, hemoglobin electrophoresis, genetic mutations, immigration status, origin, whether they received iron therapy prior to the diagnosis were all evaluated.
Results: Of the 66 cases, 53% were female and 47% were male. The most common genetic mutation was the 3.7% deletion with a rate of 51.5%, followed by the heterozygous mutation with a deletion of 20.5 with a rate of 21.20%. SEA double gene deletion homozygous mutation 1.5% and, heterozygous mutation 1.5%. Eleven different genotypes of alpha thalassemia were discovered. While 3.7 deletion heterozygous mutation was most common in cases immigrating from Bulgaria, Syria, and Azerbaijan, FIL deletion mutation was most common in cases immigrating from Georgia, and alpha-2 polyA-2 heterozygous mutation was found in one case immigrating from Greece.
Conclusion: The most common mutation was 3.7 deletion and SEA double gene deletion was discovered, which had not been discovered in previous studies. With this study, we added to the literature the genetic mutation diversity in Bursa, which sees a lot of immigration.
KOMUNIKASI PELAYANAN PUBLIK KEMENTERIAN HUKUM DAN HAM DALAM MEMBANGUN KESADARAN DAN BUDAYA HUKUM DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Naku Robertus Kristianto , Pohan Syafruddin 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Keberhasilan suatu pelayanan publik sangat bergantung pada mekanisme komunikasi yang efektif. Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Provinsi Sumatera Utara berupaya melayani kebutuhan masyarakat mengenai pengetahuan hukum dengan melakukan penyuluhan keliling. Salah satu institusi yang mereka ikuti adalah sekolah. Di sekolah, siswa diajarkan tentang ilmu hukum, penerapannya, dan cara menginternalisasikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Semuanya dilakukan dengan membangun Sekolah Dasar Sadar Hukum dan Budaya Hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Tujuannya adalah untuk menganalisis komunikasi publik Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam membangun kesadaran dan budaya hukum di lingkungan sekolah Kota Medan.
Kata Kunci : komunikasi; pelayanan publik; Kemenkumham.

ABSTRACT
The success of a public service depends greatly on effective communication mechanisms. The Ministry of Law and Human Rights of North Sumatra Province seeks to serve the community's needs regarding legal knowledge by conducting mobile outreach. One of the institutions they attend is school. At school, students are taught about legal knowledge, its application, and how to internalize it in everyday life. Everything is done by building a Legal Awareness and Legal Culture Elementary School. This study uses a qualitative method. The aim is to analyze the public communication of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of North Sumatra Province in building legal awareness and culture in the Medan City school environment.
Keywords: communication; public service; Ministry of Law and Human Rights.
PENGARUH GADGET TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Fatihah Alfito , Nasution Afifah Nabila , Al Ghifari Muhammad 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAK
Banyak peserta didik diera sekarang menggunakan gadget untuk mengakses sosial media Sosial media ini mempunyai dua sisi yaitu dampak negatif dan positif. Karena kedua hal tersebut, dapat menimbulkan permasalahan tentang pengaruh gadget pada minat belajar peserta didik. berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, kami ingin mengetahui bagaimana gadget mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gadget terhadap minat belajar peserta didik di SMA Swasta Cerdas Murni. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian deskriptif retrospektif pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dan poupulasi yang digunakan adalah peserta didik dari SMA Swasta Cerdas Murni kelas XII IPA I dan IPA II dengan menggunakan metode sampling kuisioner untuk menentukan sampel sebanyak 45 peserta didik dari 321 populasi. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh thitung senilai 1.662354029 sementara ttabel pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan n=45 maka diperoleh tabel senilai 1.987289865 uji T signifikan > dari 0,05 yaitu 0.412015901 dan 0.824031802 > 0,05. Dapat diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa H_0 diterima dan H_a ditolak yang berarti tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variable independen dan dependen atau bisa dikatakan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variable x dan y.
Kata Kunci : Pengaruh Gadget, Minat Belajar

ABSTRACT
Many students in today's era use gadgets to access social media. Social media has two sides, namely negative and positive impacts. Because of these two things, it can cause problems about the influence of gadgets on students' learning interest. based on previous research, we want to know how gadgets affect students' learning interest. This study aims to determine the effect of gadgets on students' interest in learning at Smart Pure Private High School. The type of research used is a retrospective descriptive quantitative approach. The sampling technique and population used were students from Smart Pure Private High School class XII IPA I and IPA II using a questionnaire sampling method to determine a sample of 45 students from 321 populations. significant t test > 0.05, namely 0.412015901 and 0.824031802 > 0.05. It can be concluded that it is accepted and rejected, which means that there is no influence between the independent and dependent variables or it can be said that there is no influence between the x and y variables.H_0 H_a
Keywords: Gadgets Effect, Interest to Learn
Rapid Examination of Nonprocessed Renal Cell Carcinoma Using Nonlinear Microscopy
Authors: Guzmán-Arocho Yaileen D. , Weber Timothy D. , St Jacques Taylor , Fujimoto James G. , Rosen Seymour , Sun Yue 
Published: February 2024

Context.—
Histology, the traditional method of examining surgical tissue under a microscope, is a time-consuming process involving the fixation of tissue in formalin, dehydration, embedding in paraffin, and cutting into thin sections for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Frozen section analysis is a faster alternative used in surgery to quickly evaluate tissue, but it has limitations, such as the size of the specimens that can be analyzed and difficulties with fatty and bony tissues.

Objective.—
To rapidly examine nonprocessed kidney tumors using nonlinear microscopy (NLM), a fluorescence microscopy technique that can rapidly visualize fresh or fixed, rapidly stained, nonprocessed tissue resembling H&E histology. This technology eliminates the need for fixation, embedding, microtome sectioning, or slide preparation.

Design.—
In this study, a total of 190 tissue specimens were collected from 46 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy.

Results.—
Two genitourinary pathologists confirmed that diagnostically important features present in the H&E images could also be identified in the NLM images.

Conclusions.—
The results of this study demonstrated that NLM had a high degree of correspondence with H&E staining for the classical variants of renal cell carcinoma. NLM offers several clinical benefits, such as facilitating rapid renal cell carcinoma diagnosis, assessment of targeted kidney biopsies for both tumor and medical kidney diseases, and collection of fresh renal cell carcinoma tissue for molecular studies.
Penerapan VIKOR Method (VIšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje Method) Dalam Rekomendasi Pemilihan Laptop Gaming
Authors: Modeong Merriam , Siami M. Ikbal 
Published: February 2024

The VIKOR method (VIšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje Method) is one of the techniques in the field of multi-criteria analysis used to make decisions in situations where there are several criteria that must be considered simultaneously. This method helps in decision making when there are many alternatives that must be evaluated based on several different criteria. The research conducted aims to provide recommendations to users in the selection of gaming laptops by applying a decision support system model using the VIšekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje Method (VIKOR) method so that it becomes an input in the selection of gaming laptops. The final calculation results in the VIKOR method provide recommendations for Rank 1, namely Predator Helios 18 Laptop, Rank 2, namely ASUS ROG Zephyrus G14 Laptop, Rank 3, ASUS ROG Strix SCAR 18 Laptop, and Rank 4, Nitro 5 Laptop. The results of application testing using the black box testing method obtained a percentage result of 100% in accordance with the functions that have been created
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pemesanan Barang Berbasis Online Menggunakan Pendekatan Extreme Programming
Authors: Priandika Adhie Thyo , Riswanda Doni 
Published: February 2024

The design of an online goods order management information system facilitates the process of ordering goods more effectively and efficiently because it is done computerized, customers do not need to come far to the store to order goods because it can be done anywhere and anytime. With the management application for ordering goods at donnys stores using the PHP programming language, dreamwever applications are designed with UML (Unified Modeling Language) system development tools and use extreme programming development methods, and use MySQL databases, for program testing using ISO 25010. So that it can facilitate the delivery of information and control the inventory of goods. The test results above show that the application is made in accordance with the functionality aspect of 95% and the usability aspect of 96%, so that the application is made according to the needs and can facilitate the process of ordering goods online.
Analisis Otonomi Daerah dan Disparitas Regional antara Kabupaten Semarang dengan Kabupaten Kebumen Tahun 2014-2018
Authors: Hania Cholily Vebrina 
Published: February 2024

Dampak penerapan konsep desentralisasi fiskal pada pelaksanaan otonomi daerah terhadap ketimpangan perkembangan wilayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis disparitas regional atau ketimpangan wilayah yang terjadi di Kabupaten Semarang dan Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, kuadran analisis tipologi wilayah dan indeks williamson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Vw (Indeks Williamson) Kabupaten Kebumen mendekati angka 1 yang artinya ketimpangan semakin lebar dan Kabupaten Semarang menunjukkan Vw (Indeks Williamson) mendekati angka 0 yang artinya ketimpangan yang semakin kecil di Kabupaten Semarang. Pada Kabupaten Kebumen maupun Kabupaten Semarang, baik kemiskinan, PAD, dan pengangguran memiliki nilai p-value lebih besar dari 0,05 dimana H1 ditolak / variabel tersebut tidak berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial terhadap disparitas. Pada Kabupaten Kebumen, rata-rata lama sekolah berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap disparitas. Tingkat kriminalitas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap disparitas regional. Pada Kabupaten Semarang, baik secara parsial maupun simultan, kriminalitas dan rata lama sekolah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap disparitas regional.
RAG: The next big thing after LLMs?
Authors:   Dhruv Gupta
Published: February 2024

Improving the performance of Large Language Models Author Dhruv Gupta (ORCID: 0009-0004-7109-5403) ChatGPT, which first came out in late 2022, took the world by storm. Since then, various LLM models and LLM based products such as Meta’s Llama and Google’s Gemini have emerged, demonstrating the power of LLMs.
Refining AI Vision: How Retrieval-Augmented Generation Transforms Image Captioning in Large…
Authors: Khobragade Vaibhav 
Published: February 2024

Refining AI Vision: How Retrieval-Augmented Generation Transforms Image Captioning in Large Language Models Leveraging External Knowledge to Enhance the Descriptive Capabilities of AI Systems Author Vaibhav Khobragade (ORCID: 0009–0009–8807–5982) Introduction Large Language Models (LLMs) are artificial intelligence models that are trained on massive amounts of text data in order to generate human-like language and produce coherent