bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth performance, plasma metabolites, meat quality, and meat and lipid health indices of New Zealand White rabbits as affected by dietary dried tomato pomace powder supplementation during the summer season
Authors: Hassan Fawzia A. , Mohamed Manal S. , Othman Doaa O. , El‐Medany Shawky A. , Ismail Rehab , Balalmuralikrishnan Balasubramanian , Alhotan Rashed A. , Attia Youssef A. , Bovera Fulvia , Mahrose Khalid , Abdel‐Rahman Aya M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne hundred and twenty New Zealand White rabbits (NZW) (5‐week‐old; 735.27 ± 27.23 g) were kept in an open‐sided house during the summer season. The experiment aims to evaluate the impacts of dried tomato pomace powder (DTPP) supplementation on rabbits' performance, blood metabolites, carcass traits, meat quality, and lipid and health indices of NZW rabbits during 5–13 weeks of age. The four treatments were a standard rabbit feed (control) and the control diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% DTPP, respectively. Rabbits fed a diet containing 1.5% DTPP showed the highest growth rate through weeks 9–13 of age despite having the lowest feed intake spanning 5–13 weeks. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in rabbits fed with 1.5% DTPP‐supplemented diet for 5–13 weeks. Diets supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0% DTPP enhanced markedly dressing %, total edible flesh, saturated (SFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) contents, as well as the ∑n − 6/∑n − 3 ratio and the total n − 6 of meat. Dietary supplementation with DTPP decreased kidney, abdominal, and back fat. Diets supplemented with DTTP decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and very low‐density lipoprotein (vLDL) concentrations. The greatest levels of linoleic acid, arachidonic and water‐holding capacity in meat were observed in rabbits fed 1.5% DTPP‐supplemented diets. Diets containing 1 and 1.5% DTPP improved meats’ atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, meat lipid quality desired fatty acids/undesired fatty acids ratio, and meat health index. Conclusively, DTPP up to 1.5% maintained the growth performance of rabbits, boosted meat quality through increasing vitamin E, reduced fat deposition, modified fatty acid composition, and improved atherogenic, thrombogenic, and hypocholesterolemic indices of rabbit meat.
Predictive factors of periodontal regeneration outcomes using rhFGF‐2: A case–control study
Authors: Matsuda Shinji , Ueda Tomoya , Nakashima Fuminori , Ninomiya Yurika , Yasuda Keisuke , Sasaki Shinya , Hamamoto Yuta , Iwata Tomoyuki , Ouhara Kazuhisa , Mihara Naoki , Kakimoto Naoya , Mizuno Noriyoshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the clinical outcomes of regenerative therapy using recombinant human fibroblast growth factor‐2 (rhFGF‐2).BackgroundrhFGF‐2 promotes periodontal regeneration, and identifying the factors influencing this regeneration is important for optimizing the effectiveness of rhFGF‐2.Methods and MaterialsThis study used a hospital information‐integrated database to identify patients who underwent periodontal regenerative therapy with rhFGF‐2. Factors included age, smoking status, diabetes mellitus (DM), periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) at the initial visit, whether the most posterior tooth was involved or not, and preoperative radiological bone defect angle. Periodontal regenerative therapy outcomes were defined as good if radiographic bone fill ≥35% or periodontal pocket closure at 9–15 months after surgery. Bone fill rate (%) and periodontal pocket depth (mm) were also used as outcome measures. Factors were evaluated by simple regression analysis, and then the association between factors and the outcomes was determined by multivariate analysis.ResultsPISA and age at the first visit did not significantly influence the success or failure of bone fill rate byrhFGF‐2. However, DM, radiographic bone defect angle, and the most posterior tooth significantly influenced the regenerative effect (success/failure in bone fill) of rhFGF‐2. The most posterior tooth was significantly associated with bone fill rate by rhFGF‐2. Examination of the association between pocket closure and factors shows that the most posterior tooth significantly influenced. The most posterior tooth and preoperative PPD were significantly associated with pocket reduction depth. For the most posterior tooth, a significantly higher bone regeneration rate (p < .05) was observed with a combination of autologous bone graft and rhFGF‐2 than with rhFGF‐2 alone, and the effect was significant in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThe radiographic bone defect angle, the involvement of most posterior teeth, and the presence of DM influenced the effectiveness of rhFGF‐2 in periodontal regeneration. However, PISA values and age at the initial visit had no significant effect.
Congenital spongiform leukodystrophy in 2 female littermate German shepherd puppies
Authors: De Miguel Ricardo , Hague Devon Wallis , Johnson Jennifer L. , Zilinger Amber M. , Kukekova Anna , Lezmi Stephane 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTwo 9‐week‐old female littermate German Shepherd puppies showed severe high‐frequency low‐amplitude trembling that worsened with movement. The white matter (WM) of the central nervous system (CNS) showed bilateral diffuse severe spongiosis in the cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord, and the neuropil of the oculomotor and red nuclei. The cortical corona radiata was less severely affected. Rare necrotic or apoptotic glia‐like cells also were identified in the WM. Luxol fast blue staining disclosed severe diffuse myelin loss in the entire CNS; peripheral nerves were spared. Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemistry showed diffuse astrogliosis and astrocytosis in the WM. Genetic analyses of the littermates excluded the aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene as a candidate for this condition in dogs. In conclusion, this description of a rare congenital spongiform leukodystrophy in the German Shepherd breed, closely resembling to Canavan disease in humans, is likely caused by a genetic alteration unrelated to the ASPA gene.
Does Studying Latin in Secondary Education Predict Study Achievement in Academic Higher Education?
Authors: Hauspie Cathy , Schelfhout Stijn , Dirix Nicolas , Fonteyne Lot , Janse Mark , Szmalec Arnaud , Vereeck Alexandra , Duyck Wouter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStudying Latin in secondary education is still widespread in Europe and believed to result in cognitive benefits, even beyond the linguistic domain. In this study we explored the relation between such study and later academic achievement in higher education (N = 1,898). First, we demonstrated that Latin students exhibit increased levels of study achievement in higher education, particularly in study programs other than those covering science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Second, we explored where the instruction of Latin was a significant predictor in models of academic achievement, explaining incremental variance over 21 other cognitive, attitudinal, and demographic variables. Latin instruction was included as a variable in the prediction models in 42% of the programs (mainly in the non‐STEM ones), but the incremental predictive validity was substantial only in the linguistic programs. Our results highlight how the study of Latin can be a valuable predictor of academic achievement in other study fields.
Effects of short birth interval on child malnutrition in the Asia‐Pacific region: Evidence from a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khan Md Nuruzzaman , Harris Melissa L. , Hassen Tahir A. , Bagade Tanmay , Shifti Desalegn M. , Feyissa Tesfaye R. , Chojenta Catherine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChild malnutrition remains a significant concern in the Asia‐Pacific region, with short birth intervals recognised as a potential risk factor. However, evidence of this association is inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically review the existing evidence and assess the summary effects of short birth interval on child malnutrition in the Asia‐Pacific region. Five electronic databases were searched in May 2023 to identify relevant studies reporting the association between short birth interval and child malnutrition, including stunting, wasting, underweight, anaemia and overall malnutrition, in Asia‐Pacific region between September 2000 and May 2023. Fixed‐effects or random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to estimate the summary effects of short birth interval on child malnutrition. Out of 56 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, 48 were included in quantitative synthesis through meta‐analysis. We found a slightly higher likelihood of stunting (n = 25, odds ratio [OR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97–1.32) and overall malnutrition (n = 3, OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 0.88–6.65) among children born in short birth intervals compared to those with nonshort intervals, although the effect was not statistically significant. However, caution is warranted due to identified heterogeneity across studies. Subgroup analysis demonstrated significant effects of short birth intervals on child malnutrition in national‐level studies and studies with larger sample sizes. These findings underscore short birth intervals as a significant contributor to child malnutrition in the Asia‐Pacific region. Implementing effective policies and programs is vital to alleviate this burden, ultimately reducing child malnutrition and associated adverse outcomes, including child mortality.
Exploring the association between adolescent‐perceived parental monitoring on dietary intake
Authors: Osman Bridie , Champion Katrina E. , Thornton Louise , Burrows Tracy , Smout Scarlett , Hunter Emily , Sunderland Matthew , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. , Gardner Lauren A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractParenting practices such as parental monitoring are known to positively impact dietary behaviours in offspring. However, links between adolescent‐perceived parental monitoring and dietary outcomes have rarely been examined and never in an Australian context. This study investigated whether adolescent‐perceived parental monitoring is associated with more fruit and vegetable, and less sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSB) and junk food consumption in Australian adolescents. Cross‐sectional data was collected as part of baseline measurement for a randomised controlled trial in 71 Australian schools in 2019. Self‐reported fruit, vegetable, SSB and junk food intake, perceived parental monitoring and sociodemographic factors were assessed. Each dietary variable was converted to “not at risk/at risk” based on dietary guidelines, binary logistic regressions examined associations between dietary intake variables and perceived parental monitoring while controlling for gender and socio‐economic status. The study was registered in ANZCTR clinical trials. The sample comprised 6053 adolescents (Mage = 12.7, SD = 0.5; 50.6% male‐identifying). The mean parental monitoring score was 20.1/24 (SD = 4.76) for males and 21.9/24 (SD = 3.37) for females. Compared to adolescents who perceived lower levels of parental monitoring, adolescents reporting higher parental monitoring had higher odds of insufficient fruit (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.02–1.05) and excessive SSB (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.06–1.09) intake, but lower odds of excessive junk food (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.95–0.98) and insufficient vegetable (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96–0.99) intake. Adolescent dietary intake is associated with higher perceived parental monitoring; however, these associations for fruit and SSB differ to junk food and vegetable intake. This study may have implications for prevention interventions for parents, identifying how this modifiable parenting factor is related to adolescent diet has highlighted how complex the psychological and environmental factors contributing to dietary intake are.
The progressive pilgrim: Real and mythical Indian geography in contemporary retellings of the Rāmāyaṇa
Authors: Oliveira João Pedro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeveral English‐language adaptations of the Indian epic Rāmāyaṇa have been published since the beginning of the 21st century. The epic has been regarded and recreated as a metonym for the Indian nation. Contemporary versions have often referred to Indian geography and have tried to poetically or literally associate mythic spaces with real ones. In this paper, I use discourse analysis in order to study some of the most influential 21st‐century English‐language retellings of the Rāmāyaṇa. I conclude that these and other versions of the epic describe India as a regionally divided nation which can ultimately be united through national geography, its association with mythology and the contrast between the geography of India and that of foreign nations. In this sense, I regard these contemporary versions as a ‘literary pilgrimage’ through which Indian readers can get to know the geography of their nation and regard it as sacred.
Neural representation in active inference: Using generative models to interact with—and understand—the lived world
Authors: Pezzulo Giovanni , D'Amato Leo , Mannella Francesco , Priorelli Matteo , Van de Maele Toon , Stoianov Ivilin Peev , Friston Karl 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper considers neural representation through the lens of active inference, a normative framework for understanding brain function. It delves into how living organisms employ generative models to minimize the discrepancy between predictions and observations (as scored with variational free energy). The ensuing analysis suggests that the brain learns generative models to navigate the world adaptively, not (or not solely) to understand it. Different living organisms may possess an array of generative models, spanning from those that support action‐perception cycles to those that underwrite planning and imagination; namely, from explicit models that entail variables for predicting concurrent sensations, like objects, faces, or people—to action‐oriented models that predict action outcomes. It then elucidates how generative models and belief dynamics might link to neural representation and the implications of different types of generative models for understanding an agent's cognitive capabilities in relation to its ecological niche. The paper concludes with open questions regarding the evolution of generative models and the development of advanced cognitive abilities—and the gradual transition from pragmatic to detached neural representations. The analysis on offer foregrounds the diverse roles that generative models play in cognitive processes and the evolution of neural representation.
Role of telemedicine in the management of obesity: State‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Shariq Kainat , Siddiqi Tariq Jamal , Van Spall Harriette , Greene Stephen J. , Fudim Marat , DeVore Adam D. , Pandey Ambarish , Butler Javed , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb 
Published: March 2024

SummaryObesity is a worsening public health epidemic that remains challenging to manage. Obesity substantially increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and presents a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Digital health interventions, specifically telemedicine, may offer an attractive and viable solution for managing obesity. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, the need for a safer alternative to in‐person visits led to the increased popularity of telemedicine. Multiple studies have tested the efficacy of telemedicine modalities, including digital coaching via videoconferencing sessions, e‐health monitoring using wearable devices, and asynchronous forms of communication such as online chatrooms with counselors. In this review, we discuss the available evidence for telemedicine interventions in managing obesity, review current challenges and barriers to using telemedicine, and outline future directions to optimize the management of patients with obesity using telemedicine.
Psychological support needs for children with food allergy and their families: A systematic review
Authors: Knibb Rebecca C. , Jones Christina J. , Herbert Linda J. , Screti Cassandra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to review the evidence for psychological support for children with food allergies and their families, identify effective psychological interventions, and highlight the support needs for this group. A systematic search was undertaken across six databases (up to October 2023). Articles were checked by three reviewers for inclusion. Study data were extracted, and quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. A total of 11 papers were included (n = 838 participants). Intervention types were based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; n = 7); psycho‐education (n = 1); peer mentoring (n = 1); self‐regulation theory (n = 1); and coping (n = 1). Two interventions were for children only, three were for children and parents and six for parents only. Cognitive behavioral therapy‐based interventions with highly anxious parents or children or those facilitated by a psychologist showed significant improvements with moderate‐to‐large effect sizes. The one self‐help CBT‐based online program showed no effects. Other intervention types reported mainly trends in improvement due to small sample sizes. Most interventions were aimed at supporting children or parents in day‐to‐day management of food allergy, measuring outcomes such as quality of life, self‐efficacy, anxiety, worry, and depression. One intervention was designed to assist with oral immunotherapy outcomes. The majority of the studies had small sample sizes and were feasibility or proof‐of‐concept studies. Available research evidence points to effectiveness of facilitated CBT‐based interventions for those that have high food allergy‐related anxiety, but as many studies have small sample sizes and few report effect sizes, no firm conclusions can yet be drawn. A stepped care approach is likely to be useful for this population. Research using large interventional designs, particularly for children and adolescents, are needed.
Leibniz as a virtue ethicist
Authors: Dong Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper I argue that Leibniz's ethics is a kind of virtue ethics where virtues of the agent are explanatorily primary. I first examine how Leibniz obtained his conception of justice as a kind of love in an early text, Elements of Natural Law. I show that in this text Leibniz's goal was to find a satisfactory definition of justice that could reconcile egoism with altruism, and that this was achieved through the Aristotelian virtue of friendship where friends treat each other as “other selves.” Following this decisive moment, Leibniz adopted an Aristotle‐inspired ethical framework where the virtuous agent is central for moral evaluations. I then show that, despite certain developments, Leibniz's ethics retained this essential feature throughout his career. In Leibniz's later writings, God constitutes the foundation of the moral realm, and the fundamental moral endeavor of human beings consists in the imitation of God.
Responsibility for impairment shapes the perceived deservingness of welfare claimants with disabilities
Authors: Thorp Joshua , Larner Jac 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhen do people support government assistance for people with disabilities? Disability welfare programs account for large shares of national welfare budgets, but little is known about public attitudes toward disabled welfare claimants. Drawing on psychological research in stereotype content, we argue that attitudes toward welfare for people with disabilities are likely to be more conditional than previously acknowledged. In two nationally representative, preregistered survey experiments in Wales (N = 3393) and Scotland (N = 1707), we ask respondents to evaluate the deservingness of a fictitious disabled claimant to government assistance. We manipulate the claimant's outgroup status and the manner in which they acquired their impairment. We find that disabled claimants perceived as even somewhat responsible for their impairments are considered substantially less deserving of government assistance than those perceived not responsible, even when their needs for assistance are identical. Contrary to expectations, we find relatively modest and inconsistent outgroup penalties in perceived deservingness. Finally, we find large heterogeneous treatment effects among respondents holding to more authoritarian social values. These results challenge conventional wisdom regarding the universality of support for disability welfare and help explain why voters may not be inclined to punish politicians who propose cuts to programs for even stereotypically high‐deserving groups.
Strong prevalence of light regime‐specific QTL in Arabidopsis detected using automated high‐throughput phenotyping in fluctuating or constant light
Authors: Heuermann Marc C. , Meyer Rhonda C. , Knoch Dominic , Tschiersch Henning , Altmann Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlants have evolved and adapted under dynamic environmental conditions, particularly to fluctuating light, but plant research has often focused on constant growth conditions. To quantitatively asses the adaptation to fluctuating light, a panel of 384 natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions was analyzed in two parallel independent experiments under fluctuating and constant light conditions in an automated high‐throughput phenotyping system upgraded with supplemental LEDs. While the integrated daily photosynthetically active radiation was the same under both light regimes, plants in fluctuating light conditions accumulated significantly less biomass and had lower leaf area during their measured vegetative growth than plants in constant light. A total of 282 image‐derived architectural and/or color‐related traits at six common time points, and 77 photosynthesis‐related traits from one common time point were used to assess their associations with genome‐wide natural variation for both light regimes. Out of the 3000 significant marker‐trait associations (MTAs) detected, only 183 (6.1%) were common for fluctuating and constant light conditions. The prevalence of light regime‐specific QTL indicates a complex adaptation. Genes in linkage disequilibrium with fluctuating light‐specific MTAs with an adjusted repeatability value >0.5 were filtered for gene ontology terms containing “photo” or “light”, yielding 15 selected candidates. The candidate genes are involved in photoprotection, PSII maintenance and repair, maintenance of linear electron flow, photorespiration, phytochrome signaling, and cell wall expansion, providing a promising starting point for further investigations into the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to fluctuating light conditions.