bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans on rosemary extract agar and oregano extract agar
Authors: de Loreto Érico Silva , Pozzatti Patrícia , Alves Scheid Liliane , Santurio Deise , Morais Santurio Janio , Alves Sydney Hartz 
Published: May 2008

AbstractCandida dubliniensis is a recently described pathogenic species which shares many phenotypic features with Candida albicans and therefore, may be misidentified in microbiological laboratories. Because molecular methods can be onerous and unfeasible in routine mycological laboratories with restricted budgets such as those in developing countries, phenotypic techniques have been encouraged in the development of differential media for the presumptive identification of these species. We examined the colony morphology and chlamydospore production of 30 C. dubliniensis isolates and 100 C. albicans isolates on two new proposed media: rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract agar (REA) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) extract agar (OEA). These substrates are traditionally used as spices and medicinal herbs. In both of these media, all C. dubliniensis isolates (100%) showed rough colonies with peripheral hyphal fringes and abundant chlamydospores after 24 to 48 hr of incubation at 25°C. In contrast, under the same conditions, all isolates of C. albicans (100%) showed smooth colonies without hyphal fringes or chlamydospores. In conclusion, REA and OEA offer a simple, rapid, and inexpensive screening media for the differentiation of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:172–177, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical role of recurrently elevated macro creatine kinase type 1
Authors: Hsiao Ju‐Feng , Ning Hsiao‐Chen , Gu Po‐Wen , Lin Wei‐Yee , Chu Pao‐Hsien 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe typical creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes include CK‐BB, CK‐MB, and CK‐MM. Macro CK type 1, one of the atypical CK enzymes, has been identified in human serum, but the clinical significance still remains uncertain. In our laboratory, 105 patients who expressed serum macro CK isoenzyme type 1 were identified from March 2004 to March 2007. We found that macro CK type 1 recurred after at least one month in 16 patients. Clinical diagnoses were myopathy in 14 patients, sepsis in one, and acute coronary syndrome in one. The averages of serum total CK and macro CK type 1 were 9,132 and 1,925 (U/L), respectively. The linear regression analysis between recurrent macro CK type 1 and total CK revealed a good correlation (y=3.5054x+2381.3, R2=0.7822, P<0.001). Three patients had critical illness, including one respiratory failure and two mortalities. Good linear correlation is documented between total CK and recurrent macro CK type 1. In conclusion, the macro CK type I isoenzyme recurred primarily in patients with myopathy. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 22:186–191, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Making a life in the organizational sciences: no one ever said it was going to be easy
Authors: Ferris Gerald R. , Ketchen David J. , Buckley M. Ronald 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA stimulating article by Glick et al. has provoked a number of responses in this journal. We contribute our opinions to this interchange because we think that the situation is not nearly as bleak as Glick et al. and others would have us believe. In order to corroborate our contentions, we report the results of a survey of accomplished organizational scientists that directly addresses a number of the issues over which we and Glick et al. disagree. Overall, we readily acknowledge that making a life in our field is challenging, as are most activities worth doing. However, we are confident that vast opportunities exist for nascent scholars, as well as for those established scholars who continue to direct their efforts toward generating knowledge within our field. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micro‐Raman analysis for the identification of pigments from 19th and 20th century paintings
Authors: Aibéo Cristina L. , Goffin Stien , Schalm Olivier , van der Snickt Geert , Laquière Nathalie , Eyskens Peter , Janssens Koen 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this article, results using confocal µ‐Raman to analyse the cross‐section of paint samples are presented. Results obtained with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with an energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and micro‐X‐ray fluorescence (µ‐XRF) are mentioned and compared to the ones obtained with confocal (MRS). In some cases, pigment identification was possible only by combining analytical results from different techniques.The samples were drawn from five paintings belonging to the Academy of Fine Arts of Antwerp, which are part of a collection of 34 paintings made by students from the Academy between 1819 and 1920. Since, on the one hand, the painting techniques and materials, especially pigments, used in this period are still not completely known, and on the other hand, this collection constitutes a very important and reliable resource of information, these paintings were chosen for a systematic investigation. They represent the evolution of painting in Belgium over approximately a century. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polarized Raman scattering in helimagnetic β‐MnO2
Authors: Yu X. L. , Chen J. , Wu S. X. , Liu Y. J. , Li S. W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA rutile β‐MnO2 film was grown on MgO substrate using plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE) monitored by reflection high‐energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Polarized Raman spectra at various temperatures were obtained to investigate the influence of the helimagnetic structure on the vibrational modes of β‐MnO2. A red shift of Eg modes indicates a gradual formation of spin angles between neighboring Mn4+ ions. The intensities of the Eg and A1g modes with y‐polarized incidence increase remarkably below the Néel temperature. A new view as vibrational mode projection (VMP) indicates the interactions between the magnetic component of incident light and the helimagnetic structure. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HPMA Copolymer–Doxorubicin–Gadolinium Conjugates: Synthesis, Characterization, and in vitro Evaluation
Authors: Zarabi Bahar , Nan Anjan , Zhuo Jiachen , Gullapalli Rao , Ghandehari Hamidreza 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis study describes the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer–gadolinium (Gd)–doxorubicin (Dox) conjugates. Copolymers of HPMA were derivatized to incorporate side chains for Gd chelation and Dox conjugation. The conjugates were characterized by their side chain contents, T1 relaxivity (r1), stability, and in vitro cytotoxicity. High stability and relaxivity of these conjugates coupled with low toxicity show their potential for monitoring the in vivo fate of HPMA‐based drug delivery systems by magnetic resonance imaging techniques.magnified image
Cellulose Swelling by Aprotic and Protic Solvents: What are the Similarities and Differences?
Authors: Fidale Ludmila C. , Ruiz Naiara , Heinze Thomas , Seoud Omar A. El 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe swelling of microcrystalline, native and mercerized cotton and eucalyptus celluloses by 16 aprotic solvents was investigated. The number of moles of solvent/anhydroglucose unit, nSw, correlates well with solvent molar volume, basicity and dipolarity/polarizability. Swelling is sensitive to cellulose crystallite size, surface area and the presence of its chains in parallel or anti‐parallel arrangements. Use of solvatochromic parameters is a superior alternative to the use of other descriptors, such as Hildebrand's solubility parameters and Gutmann's donor numbers. The calculated nSw for 28 protic and aprotic solvents correlated well with their experimental counterparts, although hydrogen bond donation by the solvent was not included.magnified image
Modification of Polyethylene by VUV Irradiation in the Presence of Trimethylsilane and Oxygen
Authors: Daschiel Ute , Spanring Julia , Ebel Maria F. , Svagera Robert , Schröttner Hartmuth , Kern Wolfgang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe photoassisted modification of LDPE by VUV irradiation in a reactive trimethylsilane/oxygen atmosphere was investigated. The modified LDPE surface was investigated by FT‐IR, XPS, contact‐angle measurements and electron microscopy. Attachment of alkylsilyl and Si–O units to LDPE was observed. Best results were obtained using an equimolar trimethylsilane/oxygen mixture. Low‐energy surfaces were obtained after a few minutes of irradiation at an intensity of 1.7 mW · cm−2. After prolonged irradiation, the thickness of the modified polyethylene layer is approximately 700 nm. Surface modifications of this type may be of interest to obtain protective and barrier layers on polyolefins.magnified image
Boundedness and exponential stabilization in a signal transduction model with diffusion
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe influence of diffusion in a model arising in the description of signal transduction pathways in living cells is investigated. It is proved that all solutions of the corresponding semilinear parabolic system, consisting of four equations, are global in time and bounded. Under the additional assumption that certain two of the diffusion coefficients are equal, it is furthermore demonstrated that all solutions approach a spatially homogeneous steady state as t → ∞. This equilibrium is uniquely determined by the initial data, and the rate of convergence is shown to be at least exponential. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution of Volterra's population model via block‐pulse functions and Lagrange‐interpolating polynomials
Authors: Marzban H. R. , Hoseini S. M. , Razzaghi M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA numerical method for solving Volterra's population model for population growth of a species in a closed system is proposed. Volterra's model is a nonlinear integro‐differential equation where the integral term represents the effects of toxin. The approach is based on hybrid function approximations. The properties of hybrid functions that consist of block‐pulse and Lagrange‐interpolating polynomials are presented. The associated operational matrices of integration and product are then utilized to reduce the solution of Volterra's model to the solution of a system of algebraic equations. The method is easy to implement and computationally very attractive. Applications are demonstrated through an illustrative example. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On a spatial generalization of the Kolosov–Muskhelishvili formulae
Authors: Bock S. , Gürlebeck K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe main goal of this paper is to construct a spatial analog to the Kolosov–Muskhelishvili formulae using the framework of the hypercomplex function theory. We prove a generalization of Goursat's representation theorem for solutions of the biharmonic equation in three dimensions. On the basis of this result, we construct explicitly hypercomplex displacement and stress formulae in terms of two monogenic functions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interspecific analysis of the glycosidases of the sperm plasma membrane in Drosophila
Authors: Intra Jari , Cenni Federica , Pavesi Giulio , Pasini Maria , Perotti Maria‐Elisa 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe have studied the presence of four sperm glycosidases, α‐mannosidase, α‐l‐ fucosidase and two β‐hexosaminidase isoforms, in 11 species of the genus Drosophila spanning approximately an evolutionary 60 MY period, and in Scaptodrosophila lebanonensis, belonging to the ancestor genus Scaptodrosophila. These enzymes had been previously identified in Drosophila melanogaster as putative receptors for glycoconjugates of the egg surface. Alpha‐mannosidase and β‐hexosaminidases are intrinsic proteins of the sperm plasma membrane in species closely related to D. melanogaster as well as in the divergent species D. willistoni, D. hydei, D. virilis, and S. lebanonensis. Alpha‐l‐fucosidase is restricted to the species of the genus Drosophila. Alpha‐mannosidase and β‐hexosaminidases have been purified and characterized in all species. Their molecular masses and optimal pHs are similar in all the species, whereas interspecific differences in enzyme activities were detected. Cross‐species comparison of kinetic parameters indicated a relationship between enzyme efficiency and phylogenetic relatedness. Beta‐hexosaminidases were the most efficient enzymes. Lectin cytochemistry suggested the presence of carbohydrate residues complementary to the glycosidases on the eggshell at the site of sperm entry in all species. Bioinformatic analysis of the coding sequences of β‐hexosaminases and α‐l‐fucosidase and of their predicted products showed no evidence of positive selection of the genes coding for these enzymes and a high degree of sequence identity of the predicted polypeptides among the species of the genus Drosophila. Collectively, our findings indicate that the Drosophila sperm glycosidases are structurally and functionally conserved and strengthen the hypothesis of their involvement in the interactions with the egg surface. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 85–100, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation and characterization of polyhydroxyurethane/silica nanocomposites via in situ surface‐initiated polymerization
Authors: Tang Zhaobin , Liu Peng , Guo Jinshan , Su Zhixing 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe polyhydroxyurethane/silica nanocomposite (PHU/SN) was prepared by the in situ surface‐initiated polymerization of a five‐membered cyclic carbonate, 2,2‐bis[p‐(1,3‐dioxolan‐2‐one‐4‐yl‐methoxy)phenyl]propane (B5CC) and hexamethylene diamine, from the surfaces of the aminopropyl silica nanoparticles (APSN) for the first time. The percentage of grafting (PG%) and the grafting efficiency (GE%) of 27% and 19% were calculated from the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively, after the free polyhydroxyurethane was washed off. The chemical grafting of the polymer was also confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and the morphology of the silica nanoparticles in the nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Mechanical and three‐body abrasive wear behaviour of SiC filled glass‐epoxy composites
Authors: Suresha B. , Chandramohan G. , Kishore  , Sampathkumaran P. , Seetharamu S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFiber/filler reinforced polymer composites are known to possess high strength and attractive wear resistance in dry sliding conditions. How these composites perform in abrasive wear situations needs a proper understanding. Hence, in this research article the mechanical and three‐body abrasive wear behaviour of E‐glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G‐E) and silicon carbide filled E‐glass fabric reinforced epoxy (SiC‐G‐E) composites are investigated. The mechanical properties were evaluated using Universal testing machine. Three‐body abrasive wear tests are conducted using rubber wheel abrasion tester wherein two different loads and four varying abrading distances are employed. The results showed that the wear volume loss is increased with increase in abrading distance and the specific wear rate decreased with increase in abrading distance/load. However, the presence of SiC particulate fillers in the G‐E composites showed a promising trend. The worn surface features, when examined through scanning electron microscopy, show higher levels of broken glass fiber in G‐E system compared to SiC‐ filled G‐E composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
The structure of γ‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane on glass fiber surfaces: Characterization by FTIR, SEM, and contact angle measurements
Authors: Sever Kutlay , Seki Yoldas , Tavman Ismail H. , Erkan Gökhan , Cecen Volkan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to determine the structure of γ‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ‐GPS) on glass fiber surfaces. The interfacial adhesion of glass fiber–polymer can be improved by the silane treatment of the glass fiber. To change the composition of the glass and regenerate to the hydroxyl groups, activation pretreatment of heat cleaned woven glass fabric was performed using a 10% (v/v) hydrochloric acid aqueous solution for different durations before silane treatment. The treatment of silanization of heat cleaned and acid activated glass fibers with (γ‐GPS) were conducted at various time intervals. These fibers would be used to quantify the relationship between contact angle of glass fiber surface and the interfacial shear strength of the fiber–polymer interface. The effect of acid activation on glass surface and the interaction between glass fibers and silane coupling agent were examined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experiments, in conjunction with electron photomicrographs of glass surfaces treated with coupling agent, are interpreted in an attempt to explain the stability of coupling agent‐glass interfaces. From SEM analysis, it was clearly observed that agglomerations of silane agent in the cavities among the heat cleaned fibers are available. However, this case was not observed for the silanization of acid activated glass fibers. In addition, contact angle measurements on glass fibers were performed to evaluate surface structure. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
H2O2 activation by heteropolyacids with defect structures: the case of γ‐[(XO4)W10O32]n− (X = Si, Ge, n = 8; X = P, n = 7)
Authors: Sartorel Andrea , Carraro Mauro , Bagno Alessandro , Scorrano Gianfranco , Bonchio Marcella 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDFT calculations including relativistic and solvent effects have been carried out for elucidating geometries and energies of tetra‐protonated, site‐defective, polyoxotungstates with general formula γ‐[(XO4)W10O32]n− (X = Si, Ge, n = 8; X = P, n = 7). Converging spectroscopic and computational evidence point to a unique role played by the lacunary structure, and allow to address the electronic and structural factors dictating the protonation sites and equilibria of these complexes, as well as their impact on H2O2 activation. In all cases, the evolution of the four terminal WO functions, bordering the site defect on the polyoxotungstate surface, towards a bis‐aquo, bis‐oxo structure is preferred over the formation of four terminal hydroxo ligands. Substitution of these WOH2 functions with peroxo ligands and their involvement in the oxygen transfer to an alkene acceptor is also supported by DFT calculations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photochemistry of six‐ and five‐membered‐ring α,β‐unsaturated lactones in cryogenic matrices
Authors: Fausto Rui , Breda Susana , Kuş Nihal 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe photochemistry of representative six and five‐membered α,β‐unsaturated lactones [α‐pyrone and some of its derivatives, including coumarin and 3‐acetamidocoumarin, 2(5H)‐furanone] isolated in cryogenic inert matrices has been investigated by infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. In these types of molecules, two main competitive photochemical reaction pathways could be identified: ring opening, leading to formation of the isomeric aldehyde‐ketenes, and ring contraction to the corresponding Dewar isomers. For α‐pyrone and 2(5H)‐furanone, the ring‐opening process dominates over the ring‐contraction reaction, the same occurring for derivatives of these compounds bearing a voluminous substituent at position 3. In 2(5H)‐furanone, the ring‐opening reaction requires the simultaneous occurrence of a [1,2]‐hydrogen atom migration. Nevertheless, it was found to be an easy process upon excitation at λ > 235 nm. The ring‐opening reaction was also found to occur much easily in α‐pyrone than in coumarin, and factors explaining this observation were discussed. In turn, the Dewar forms of the studied compounds resulting from the ring‐contraction photoreaction were found to undergo subsequent photo‐elimination of CO2, with formation of the corresponding cycloalkenes. In the matrices, CO2 and the simultaneously formed cycloalkenes were found to exist as associated forms, in which the CO2 molecule is preferentially placed over the cycloalkene ring in a stacked‐type geometry. For coumarin, a third photoreaction channel was observed, leading to the formation of benzofurane and CO. This additional reaction channel corresponds to the photoreaction previously observed for the compound in the gaseous phase. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early adolescent primary ciliary dyskinesia associated with broncholithiasis
Authors: Hekimoglu Koray , Gundogdu Sadi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), is a rare congenital disease group, and contained Kartageners syndrome. This syndrome is characterized with situs viscerum inversus, sinusitis and bronchiectasis. In some elderly patients, broncholithiasis may be associated with PCD. The coexistence of early adolescence PCD and broncolithiasis has not been reported yet. We report here a case of a 14‐year‐old early adolescent male who had typically presented as PCD‐based Kartageners syndrome and developed broncholithiasis which diagnosed with computed tomography. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:714–716. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intestinal helminth infestation is associated with increased bronchial responsiveness in children
Authors: da Silva Emerson R. , Sly Peter D. , de Pereira Marilyn U. , Pinto Leonardo A. , Jones Marcus H. , Pitrez Paulo M. , Stein Renato T. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractNon‐atopic asthma is the predominant phenotype in non‐affluent parts of Latin America. We recently reported that infestation with Ascaris lumbricoides increased the risk of non‐atopic asthma in less affluent areas of Brazil but the mechanism is unclear. The present study was conducted to determine whether helminth infestation is associated with heightened bronchial responsiveness (BHR), a common finding in asthma. A random sample of 50 asthmatic and 50 non‐asthmatic controls (mean age 10.1 years) were selected from a larger cohort (n = 1,011) without knowledge of their helminth infestation status. Three stool samples were collected from each child on different days and each sample was analyzed by the Kato‐Katz method for quantitative determination of helminth eggs. Bronchial provocation tests were performed with inhaled 4.5% hypertonic saline using the ISAAC Phase II standardized protocol. There was no difference between the prevalence of positive BHR in the asthmatics (20.4%) compared with the controls (14.6%) (P = 1.0). Helminth infestation was detected in 24.0% of children, with A. lumbricoides being the most common. Children with high load infestation (≥100 eggs/g) were five times more likely to have BHR than children with low load or no infestation. Despite the small sample size the results of the present study suggest that the link between high load helminth infestation and non‐atopic asthma may be mediated via heightened bronchial responsiveness, possibly due to an inflammatory response to the pulmonary phase of the helminth life cycle. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:662–665. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.