bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Radiation Annealing for Overcoming Processing Temperature Limitation of Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Jieqiong , Zhao Zinan , Qian Jin , Liang Zihui , Wu Congcong , Wang Kai , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Yang Dong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCommon polymeric conductive electrodes, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with indium tin oxide, face a major challenge due to their low processing‐temperature limits, attributed to PET's low glass transition temperature (Tg) of (70–80 °C). This limitation significantly narrows the scope of material selection, limits the processing techniques applicable to the low Tg, and hinders the ripened technology transfer from glass substrates to them. Addressing the temperature constraints of the flexible substrates is impactful yet underexplored, with broader implications for fields beyond photovoltaics. Here, a new thermal radiation annealing methodology is introduced to address this issue. By applying the above Tg radiation annealing in conjunction with thermoelectric cooling, highly ordered molecular packing on PET substrates is successfully created, which is exclusively unachievable due to PET's low thermal tolerance. As a result, in the context of perovskite solar cells, this approach enables the circumvention of high‐temperature annealing limitations of PET substrates, leading to a remarkable flexible device efficiency of 22.61% and a record fill factor of 83.42%. This approach proves especially advantageous for advancing the field of flexible optoelectronic devices.
Structural Isomeric Effect on Spin Transport in Molecular Semiconductors
Authors: Yang Tingting , Qin Yang , Wu Meng , Guo Lidan , Gu Xianrong , Meng Ke , Hu Shunhua , Zhang Cheng , Zheng Ruiheng , Zhang Rui , Sun Xiangnan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMolecular semiconductor (MSC) is a promising candidate for spintronic applications benefiting from its long spin lifetime caused by light elemental‐composition essence and thus weak spin‐orbit coupling (SOC). According to current knowledge, the SOC effect, normally dominated by the elemental composition, is the main spin‐relaxation causation in MSCs, and thus the molecular structure‐induced SOC change is one of the most concerned issues. In theoretical study, molecular isomerism, a most prototype phenomenon, has long been considered to possess little difference on spin transport previously, since elemental compositions of isomers are totally the same. However, here in this study, quite different spin‐transport performances are demonstrated in ITIC and its structural isomers BDTIC experimentally, for the first time, though the charge transport and molecular stacking of the two films are very similar. By further experiments of electron‐paramagnetic resonance and density‐functional‐theory calculations, it is revealed that noncovalent‐conformational locks (NCLs) formed in BDTIC can lead to enhancement of SOC and thus decrease the spin lifetime. Hence, this study suggests the influences from the structural‐isomeric effect must be considered for developing highly efficient spin‐transport MSCs, which also provides a reliable theoretical basis for solving the great challenge of quantificational measurement of NCLs in films in the future.
TBHP‐Mediated Hydroxyperfluoroalkylation of Alkenes with Perfluoroalkyl Iodides to Construct β‐Perfluoroalkyl Alcohols
Authors: Zhang Jiantao , Zhu Weiming , Su Renhua , Xiao Duoduo , Zhou Peng , Chen Kai , Zhang Min , Chen Cui , Liu Weibing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA three‐component strategy for the synthesis of β‐perfluoroalkyl allyl alcohols from 1,3‐dienes is developed. A diverse range of synthetically valuable β‐perfluoroalkyl allyl alcohols are obtained in moderate to high yields. Broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance are observed. This method is also applicable to mono‐olefins and 1,3‐enynes. The control experiment results demonstrate that the hydroxyl group OH in the product comes from TBHP. In addition, the practicality and mild reaction conditions make these synthetic transformations attractive and valuable for organic synthesis.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Vapor Phase Polymerized PEDOT‐Tos via Ionic Liquid Post‐Treatment
Authors: Bao Yuanrong , Sun Yajing , Jiao Fei , Hu Wenping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThermoelectric (TE) materials can effectively convert waste heat into electricity, which is a key technology for solving energy shortage problems. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), as a promising energy conversion material, has attracted much attention due to its easy doping, low toxicity, and high flexibility. However, the TE performance of PEDOT still needs further improvement. In this work, vapor phase polymerization (VPP) and ionic liquid (IL) post‐treatment are combined to obtain high‐performance PEDOT film. It is demonstrated that by varying the polymerization conditions, the optimal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of PEDOT‐Tos are 947 S cm−1 and 18.3 µV K−1, respectively. Furthermore, after treatment with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIM BF4), its power factor can be further enhanced to a maximum value of 154.58 µW m−1 K−2, which is 4.9 times higher than that without treatment (31.67 µW m−1 K−2). The enhanced TE performance of PEDOT is largely due to changes in doping levels and morphology, which have been confirmed through different characterization methods. These results will contribute to the preparation of high‐performance PEDOT films by the VPP method.
Sustainable Harnessing of Waste Polycarbonate for Synthesizing Activated Furans to Generate Stenhouse Adducts on Polymer Surface
Authors: Zeußel Lisa , Chowdhary Shefali , Wu Haocheng , Kumar Vipan , Singh Sukhdeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlastics are versatile materials, offering lightweight, durable, and affordable solutions across various industries. However, their non‐degradable nature poses challenges by end of their life. This study presented an innovative carbonyl extraction method to utilize waste poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC) as reaction precursor to synthesis of activated furan as precursor for photoswitchable Stenhouse adducts. This innovative chemical strategy not only generated N,N’‐functionalized barbiturates but also provided an eco‐friendly and cost‐effective alternative to traditional synthesis methods. The method presented hereby not only promotes sustainability by repurposing waste polycarbonate as carbonyl equivalent under green conditions but also yielded reusable bisphenol A (BPA). Furthermore, the derived activated furans exhibited their functionality by forming colored donor‐acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) on aminated polymer surfaces. This work demonstrated a transition from a linear plastics economy toward a circular one, highlighting the potential of plastic waste as a resource for creating materials with improved properties.
A psychometric investigation of health‐related quality of life measures for paediatric neurodevelopment assessment: Reliability and concurrent validity of the PEDS‐QL, CHU‐9D, and the EQ‐5D‐Y
Authors: Perry N. , Boulton K. A. , Hodge A. , Ong N. , Phillips N. , Howard K. , Raghunandan R. , Silove N. , Guastella A. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere is a need for tools that can provide a brief assessment of functioning for children with neurodevelopmental conditions, including health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL). This study evaluated the psychometric properties of three commonly used and well known HR‐QoL measures in a cohort of children presenting to clinical developmental assessment services. The most common diagnoses received in these assessment services were autism spectrum disorders. Findings showed good internal consistency for the PedsQL and the CHU‐9D, but not the EQ‐5D‐Y. This research also found that the CHU‐9D, EQ‐5D‐Y, and PedsQL correlated with relevant functioning domains assessed by the VABS‐III. Overall, the measures showed that children with neurodevelopmental conditions experienced poor HR‐QoL. The majority of children (>86%) met cut‐off criteria for significant health concerns on the PedsQL. On the EQ‐5D‐Y and CHU‐9D, they showed reduced HR‐QoL particularly on domains relating to school and homework, being able to join in activities, looking after self, and doing usual activities. This study supports the use of the CHU‐9D and PedsQL in this population to assess and potentially track HR‐QoL in a broad neurodevelopment paediatric population.
Interscanner reproducibility of volumetric quantitative susceptibility mapping about cerebral subcortical gray nuclei at different MR vendors with the same magnetic strength
Authors: Liu Mengqi , Zhao Shuqiang , Chen Zhiye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique was a new quantitative magnetic resonance imaging technique to evaluate the cerebral iron deposition in clinical practice. The current study was aimed to investigate the reproducibility of the volumetric susceptibility value of the subcortical gray nuclei at two different MR vendor with the same magnetic strength.MethodsCerebral magnitude and phase images of 21 normal subjects were acquired from a 3D multiecho enhanced gradient recalled echo sequence at two different 3.0T MR scanner, and then the magnetic susceptibility images were generated by STI software. The brain structural images were coregistered with magnitude images and generated the normalized parameters, and then generated the normalized susceptibility images. The subcortical gray nuclei template was applied to extract the volumetric susceptibility value of the target nuclei.ResultsICC value (95% CI) of the caudate, putamen and GP were 0.847 (0.660–0.935), 0.848 (0.663–0.935) and 0.838 (0.643–0.931), respectively. The ICC value of the thalamus was 0.474 (0.064–0.747). Ninety‐five point two percent (20/21) of the difference points of the susceptibility located between the 95% LA for the caudate at the two different 3.0T MR scanner, while the less than 95% of the difference points of the susceptibility value located between the 95% LA for the putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus.ConclusionThe current study identified that the caudate had the stable reproducibility of the magnetic susceptibility value, and the other basal ganglion nuclei should be cautious for the quantitative evaluation of the magnetic susceptibility value at different 3.0T MR scanner.
Regulatory distance and firms' environmental innovation: The role of environmental information disclosure and social trust
Authors: Liao Zhongju , Zhang Mengnan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnvironmental innovation is an important force driving the development of a green and low‐carbon economy, and close supervision can assist the government in guiding firms' environmental innovation behavior. Based on institutional theory, we construct a model of the relationship between regulatory distance, environmental information disclosure, social trust, and firms' environmental innovation. We analyze a sample of 577 private A‐share listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2012 to 2022 using multiple regression analysis to test the impact of regulatory distance on firms' environmental innovation. We also consider the mediating effect of environmental information disclosure and the moderating effect of social trust. The results show that an increase in regulatory distance has a negative impact on environmental innovation. Environmental information disclosure plays a partial mediating role between regulatory distance and environmental innovation, and social trust can weaken the negative impact of regulatory distance on environmental innovation. We propose various suggestions based on our findings to promote active environmental innovation by firms.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Gypsogenin Derivatives as Potential Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Emirdağ Safiye , Ulusoy Nafia Gökçe , Aksel Mehran 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNatural compounds are important sources for the treatment of chronic disorders such as cancer and microbial infectious disorders. In this research, Gypsogenin and its derivatives (2 a–2 f) have been tested against different cancer cell lines (MCF‐7, HeLa, Jurkat and K562 cell lines) and further analyzed for cell proliferation, cell death type, and for act of the mechanism. Cell proliferation was determined by the MTT method and cell death types were analyzed with HO/PI staining. Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF‐1), Interleukin 1 (IL‐1), Interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF‐α), key players in breast cancer development and progression, were determined by Elisa kits. Results showed that compound 2 e inhibited the MCF‐7 cell line proliferation with an IC50 value of 0.66±0.17 μM with 93.38 % apoptosis rate. Compound 2 e also decreased FGF‐1, IL‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐α levels. Molecular docking studies performed in the binding site of FGFR‐1 indicated that compound 2 e formed key hydrogen bonding with Arg627 and Asn568. Besides, compounds 2 a–2 f were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria and C. albicans via the microdilution method. Overall, compound 2 e stands out as a potential anticancer agent for future studies.
Cyclotriphosphazene‐Based Photocatalysts containing Orthogonal BODIPY Moieties for Chemical Transformations
Authors: Gül Elif Yıldız , Eçik Esra Tanrıverdi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMolecular organic photocatalysts developed for use in chemical transformation reactions have gained momentum in recent years. In this study, six new triplet photosensitizers were prepared to determine their photocatalyst capabilities and chemical transformation abilities. The chemical structures of the synthesized orthogonal BODIPYs and their cyclotriphosphazene derivatives were analyzed and then their photophysical characteristics including the UV‐Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence emission spectra, fluorescence quantum yields, were investigated. The quantitative singlet oxygen formation was determined by chemical trapping using DPBF (diphenylisobenzofuran). In particular, cyclotriphosphazene derivative 12 having three BODIPY moieties showed efficient singlet oxygen production with high photostability and good molar extinction coefficient. The photo‐oxidation ratio constant of 1,5‐dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) was calculated as 28.7×10−3 min−1 for compound 12 and at the end of 22.5 min., DHN converted to juglone with 100 % efficiency. In addition, the ability of the compounds to convert 1,3‐cyclohexadiene into peroxides in the presence of molecular oxygen and light was investigated and the conversion efficiency was determined by NMR technique. All compounds have been presented as photocatalysts for use in different synthetic photochemistry applications.
Endoscopic treatment of anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery by using polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue
Authors: Koshino Kurodo , Nakagawa Ryosuke , Tani Kimitaka , Kondo Hiroka , Maeda Fumi , Ohki Takeshi , Ogawa Shimpei , Yamaguchi Shigeki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe describe the case of a 66‐year‐old man with an anastomotic fistula after rectal surgery, which was treated colonoscopically using polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue. Polyglycolic acid sheets and fibrin glue have been used in thoracic surgery and otolaryngology to reinforce sutures and prevent air leakage. There have been recent reports of their use in endoscopic surgery for the closure of intraoperative perforations after endoscopic submucosal dissection and for fistula closure after upper gastrointestinal tract surgery. However, anastomotic fistulas in colorectal surgery are difficult to visualize endoscopically and may be difficult to suture with clips due to fibrosis. Polyglycolic acid sheets can be easily trimmed, and the fistula can be easily filled using these sheets; moreover, using fibrin glue to fix the sheets may enable fistula closure in areas that are difficult to visualize endoscopically.
Who earns engineering degrees? Detecting longitudinal data trends with infographics
Authors: Schaefer Kristin L. , Henderson Jerrod A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTypical data available to engineering educators about the state of degrees awarded is disseminated via various groups. The most salient limitations to each of these sources are a lack of disaggregating data by multiple personal identities and an annualized reporting schedule hindering interpretations over time. This analysis ascertains how female degrees earned in engineering changed for bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degree levels from 2005 to 2021. We sought to understand trends by disaggregating ASEE records by gender, race, and engineering discipline. Data gathered from EDMS were cleaned, analyzed, and visualized, following principles for data sense making and human factors. Results highlight women gravitating towards Biological, Environmental, and Computational engineering disciplines. The total number of all degrees awarded is increasing for all genders in all disciplines, but these trends are not evenly distributed across disciplines. While it is true that the overall proportion of women in engineering wavered near 20%, this statistic does not tell the whole story of what has been occurring in engineering. By disaggregating infographics, we tracked percentage growth in certain fields as well as overall increases in number of degrees awarded at all levels of higher education. Future research is needed to determine causes for women's choices in engineering.
Low‐grade systemic inflammation stimulates microglial turnover and accelerates the onset of Alzheimer's‐like pathology
Authors: Guerrero‐Carrasco Monica , Targett Imogen , Olmos‐Alonso Adrian , Vargas‐Caballero Mariana , Gomez‐Nicola Diego 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeveral in vivo studies have shown that systemic inflammation, mimicked by LPS, triggers an inflammatory response in the CNS, driven by microglia, characterized by an increase in inflammatory cytokines and associated sickness behavior. However, most studies induce relatively high systemic inflammation, not directly compared with the more common low‐grade inflammatory events experienced in humans during the life course. Using mice, we investigated the effects of low‐grade systemic inflammation during an otherwise healthy early life, and how this may precondition the onset and severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐like pathology. Our results indicate that low‐grade systemic inflammation induces sub‐threshold brain inflammation and promotes microglial proliferation driven by the CSF1R pathway, contrary to the effects caused by high systemic inflammation. In addition, repeated systemic challenges with low‐grade LPS induce disease‐associated microglia. Finally, using an inducible model of AD‐like pathology (Line 102 mice), we observed that preconditioning with repeated doses of low‐grade systemic inflammation, prior to APP induction, promotes a detrimental effect later in life, leading to an increase in Aβ accumulation and disease‐associated microglia. These results support the notion that episodic low‐grade systemic inflammation has the potential to influence the onset and severity of age‐related neurological disorders, such as AD.
Comparison of measured and predicted herbicide concentrations in surface water catchments in Belgium
Authors: Hörold-Willkomm Claudia , Herrmann Marco , Baets Dirk , Sur Robin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the process of approval of active substances and authorization in the European Union and at the member state level, it must be shown by the applicant that an unacceptable risk for nontarget organisms in the aquatic environment by the active substance can be excluded. To achieve this aim, standardized models, scenarios, and agreed pesticide input parameters have to be used to calculate the exposure as defined by the FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their Use (FOCUS). During a period of daily surface water sampling lasting 3.5 years, a survey was conducted among farmers in the highly vulnerable catchment of Grote Kemmelbeek in Belgium to collect agronomic data on crops, application dates, and application rates of 12 applied herbicides and one metabolite. Daily surface water concentrations for the same herbicides were measured over 2.5 years for a second, much larger but less vulnerable, catchment of Kleine Aa (KAa). A comparison of realistic worst-case predicted environmental concentrations in surface water (PECsw) according to FOCUS with measured concentrations shows that, in the GKb catchment, the PECsw was never exceeded for six substances, was exceeded on only 1–2 days for five substances, and was exceeded on 9–27 days for two substances. For the KAa catchment, the PECsw was only exceeded on two days for one compound and never for the other 12 compounds. These numbers correspond to a level of protection of the FOCUS PECsw between 100% and 97% and are much higher than the regulatory protection goal of 90%. These two case studies demonstrate the protectiveness of the FOCUS surface water approach. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1447–1462. © 2024 Bayer AG. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Key Points
Based on a multiyear analysis of surface water monitoring data of 12 herbicides and one soil metabolite in two agricultural catchments, it was demonstrated that the FOrum for the Co-ordination of pesticide fate models and their Use (FOCUS) predicted environmental concentrations in surface water modeling approach is highly protective. The level of protection was between 100% and 97% and much higher than the regulatory protection goal of 90%. Monitoring data contain significant proportions of point source contributions, which stem from noncompliant uses and are therefore not considered in the regulatory exposure assessment. If point source contributions had been omitted from the comparison, the protection level of FOCUS would have been even higher.
Calcified apoptotic vesicles from PROCR+fibroblasts initiate heterotopic ossification
Authors: Yan Jianfei , Gao Bo , Wang Chenyu , Lu Weicheng , Qin Wenpin , Han Xiaoxiao , Liu Yingying , Li Tao , Guo Zhenxing , Ye Tao , Wan Qianqian , Xu Haoqing , Kang Junjun , Lu Naining , Gao Changhe , Qin Zixuan , Yang Chi , Zheng Jisi , Shen Pei , Niu Lina , Zou Weiguo , Jiao Kai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeterotopic ossification (HO) comprises the abnormal formation of ectopic bone in extraskeletal soft tissue. The factors that initiate HO remain elusive. Herein, we found that calcified apoptotic vesicles (apoVs) led to increased calcification and stiffness of tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), which initiated M2 macrophage polarization and HO progression. Specifically, single‐cell transcriptome analyses of different stages of HO revealed that calcified apoVs were primarily secreted by a PROCR+fibroblast population. In addition, calcified apoVs enriched calcium by annexin channels, absorbed to collagen I via electrostatic interaction, and aggregated to produce calcifying nodules in the ECM, leading to tendon calcification and stiffening. More importantly, apoV‐releasing inhibition or macrophage deletion both successfully reversed HO development. Thus, we are the first to identify calcified apoVs from PROCR+fibroblasts as the initiating factor of HO, and might serve as the therapeutic target for inhibiting pathological calcification.