bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Variant of Ameloblastoma of the Oral Cavity: A Review and Case Report
Authors: Doddawad Vidya G , Shivananda S. , Sunita S. , Sowmya S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ameloblastoma is a very rare odontogenic tumor of the oral cavity, with different histologic variants. One of the types of ameloblastoma is desmoplastic ameloblastoma (DA) which has 4%–5% of incidence. Here, we review and reported the DA is the least of occurrence of all the variants of ameloblastoma. The uniqueness of this lesion can be further enlightened with respect to its site of occurrence, the radiographic feature and the histological appearance different from the classical type of ameloblastoma. This case report focuses on a DA that occurred in the maxilla of a 35-year-old woman and explains about clinical, radiographic findings, histopathologic findings, and treatment plan. The patient is undergoing routine follow-up and is presently free of disease. From this case, the clinicians should remember to consider the DA as differential diagnosis, if a patient complaints of swelling in and around the premolar region of maxilla.
A Cross-sectional Study of Nicotine Intoxication among Medical Graduates: Recognition of Tobacco Utilization Patterns
Authors: Bhuyan Ruchi , Panda Nihar Ranjan , Das Aparna , Kundu Anwesha , Bhuyan Sanat Kumar , Mohanty Jatindra Nath 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Intoxication of tobacco is one of the leading causes of oral cancer. In India, the frequency of tobacco use is also more among students.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study among undergraduate medical students. A total of 178 students took part in the survey. After obtaining the data, we have done statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 25.

Results:
The prevalence of tobacco use among medical students was 15.73%. We found that factors such as place of staying (P = 0.023) and family history of tobacco use (0.014) are significantly associated with tobacco use. Furthermore, in multivariate logistic regression, we found that 4th-year students show higher odds (odds ratio [OR] =4.11) and family history of tobacco use (OR = 1.18) are the risk factors for tobacco use.

Conclusion:
Students must have awareness and the knowledge of harmful effects of tobacco. We may infer that even while medical students were quite aware of the adverse effects of tobacco use, they mostly learned about these effects through electronic media; hence, it is vital to incorporate instruction on nicotine dependency and cessation early in the courses of medical universities.
The Outcome and Social Aspects of Unmarried Pregnancy at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Humane Anil Charandas , Deshmukh Renuka V. , Harikanth Disha Rama , Deshmukh Gaurav Atul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Unmarried pregnancy is a major health and social problem in many developed as well as developing countries with many medical and psycho-social consequences.

Methodology:
It was a cross-sectional observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India among 105 unmarried women selected by convenience sampling method.

Results:
The mean age of cases studied was 20.88 ± 2.92 years and 53.3% resided in rural areas. 49.5% had education up to high school level and 34.3% belonged to lower middle class and upper lower 39.0% socioeconomic status. Of the 105 cases studied, 42 had alcohol intake in their family and 23 cases experienced domestic violence. Lack of parental control was noted in 9 cases and 5 had separated parents. In 58 cases, neighbor was the biological father and close relative in 32 cases. About 57 women had a medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) in 2nd trimester and 24 had MTP in 1st trimester. Among the remaining, 17 had full-term vaginal delivery, 6 had preterm vaginal delivery, and 1 case underwent lower segment cesarian section. Of these 24 babies, 3 died subsequently after birth, 9 were given to orphanage, and 12 were with their mother and biological father. Although 12 women married the biological father of the baby, 7 were taken to licensed home and 5 lived with their parents.

Conclusions:
Contraceptive awareness, family and emotional support along with sexual health education play a key role in preventing psychosocial burden of unmarried pregnancy on a women’s health.
Enhancing Esthetics Using Modified Ovate Pontic: A Case Series
Authors: Visaria Disha H. , Savaliya Ankita A. , Iyer Janani V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The prosthetic tooth design is dictated by esthetics, function, ease to maintain oral hygiene, and patient comfort. Correct design is important for long-term success. An ovate pontic fulfills both esthetic and functional requirements. The convex design of this pontic mimics a tooth erupting from the gingiva. Also nowadays, patients avoid long, drawn-out dental treatment. The time span between extraction and healing after loss of tooth in the anterior esthetic zone can be esthetically and psychologically devastating for the patient. In such a situation, immediate tooth replacement with an ovate pontic on a provisional bridge is a good alternative. However, ovate pontic design has some disadvantages. The modified ovate pontic design was developed to circumvent the problems encountered with the ovate pontic. A report of three cases will be presented where the modified ovate pontic design was used for replacing upper anterior teeth.
Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Perception among Antenatal Women Attending Private Obstetric Health-care Facility: A Study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices
Authors: Akre Shreya , Dixit Prachi , Mukhi Nakul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) is a highly safe, effective, reliable, long-acting contraceptive used during the immediate postpartum period that promotes the health of mother and child by preventing health-related complications associated with closely spaced pregnancies.

Methodology:
The study was a cross-sectional observational study design. A total of 100 antenatal women registered at the hospital were questioned for data collection. Recruitment of the study population was done based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and a prevalidated prestructured questionnaire was used. Informed consent was obtained, and answers were recorded on a case record form.

Results:
Majority (89.9%) of the women in the study were aware of some contraceptive methods. Only 39% were aware specifically regarding PPIUCD and only 2% had previously used it. Antenatal mother’s education was found to be remarkably associated with its usage.

Conclusion:
The data collected highlight that major proportion of antenatal women lacked knowledge regarding PPIUCD, had a resistant attitude toward it, and very few had ever used it, thus showing the excessive need to focus on PPIUCD literacy and awareness to fulfill the family planning needs of the community.
Correlation of Depth of Invasion and P53 Immunoexpression in Microinvasive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sonone Archana Madhukar , Hande Alka Harish , Gawande Madhuri Nitin , Patil Swati Krishnakant , Pakhale Aayushi Prakash 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major health problem and considered as the main reason for the mortality from oral diseases in most of the countries. One aspect of the OSCC was least discus in the literature that is microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma which is an early-stage tumor without invasion of deep tissues. this study is humble attempt to recognized and measured depth of invasion of infiltrative neoplastic cells to categories microinvasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (MIOSCC) and find suitable treatment plan for it

Aim and objectives:
To evaluate the depth of invasion and p53 immunoexpression in MIOSCC. To correlate the depth of invasion with p53 immunoexpression in MIOSCC.

Material and Methods:
The study included histopathologically diagnosed 25 cases of MIOSCC from the archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology.

Result:
The depth of invasion was measured from the basement membrane or in areas of basement membrane loss and from an imaginary line reconstructing the basement membrane from the adjoining epithelium to the deepest point of invasion in connective tissue on research microscope. The p53 expression in the tissue section was seen through immunohistochemistry.

Conclusion:
There are no definite guidelines for histological grading and final treatment protocol for MIOSCC. The assessments of depth of invasion through p53 immunoexpression may be one of the criteria for grading in MIOSCC. Thus the correlation of p53 immunoexpression with the depth of tumor in MIOSCC helps to determine the treatment modalities of MIOSCC.
Why Not Outsourcing in Health Care by the Use of Friedman’s Two-way Analysis of Variance?
Authors: Mishra Debaraj , Mishra Angurbala , Mahalik Debendra Kumar , Panda Samir Ranjan , Das Somadatta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
In the recent business environment, organizations are motivated to carry out a few key functions in-house and shed the rest to outside sources through aggressive outsourcing. This is done to reach early to the market at a reduced cost and gain the agility to face unforeseen challenges of the market to gain competitive advantages.

Materials and Methods:
Even though Outsourcing is seen as an attractive option to manage, considering the advantages in the reduced level of investment and requirement of involvement of in-house expertise, thereby reducing or sharing the risk of the outsourcer with the service providers. However, outsourcing is often encountered with severe losses of outsourcer’s resources with a detrimental impact on the advancement of in-house expertise and learning process, thus reducing the level of service to its customers. Friedman’s two-way analysis of variance test is widely used, as the computation for arriving at the result of the finding is trouble-free for samples that do not require the characteristic of “normality of the sample”.

Results:
The attributes selected are limited to six which were assigned “rank” by “14” experts or respondents diligently chosen for this case analysis. The variables are needed to be assigned rank in ordinal scale and there is no restriction concerning the sample size. Friedman’s calculated value as per the above formula is 304.82, where is the statistical value of Friedman’s Chi-square at 0.05, 13° of freedoms = 22.36 for the number of the column that is “6” with the degree of freedom of 13 (14–1) and significance level of 5% that is 0.05 as found 22.36.

Conclusions:
In this study, an attempt has been made to examine the underlining determinants of outsourcing and the relationship between the darker side of outsourcing which result in reluctance among the decision-makers and managers of health-care centers in embracing outsourcing as a strategic tool for developing core competence of their respective organization upon which the competitive advantage vis-a-vis its competitors are based for a sustainable performance amid the complexity of the business.
Is Serum Magnesium Associated with Prehypertension? Two-Year Cross-sectional Study at Rural Central India
Authors: Vidiyala Harika , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya , Rawekar Rajendra , Patel Mansi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground:Prehypertension (HTN) raises the likelihood of developing HTN. Very few studies have been conducted on the serum magnesium responsible for causing pre-HTN.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 300 subjects (150 cases and 150 controls) were enrolled to investigate the association between serum magnesium levels and pre-HTN. One hundred and fifty individuals with pre-HTN were compared with 150 controls without pre-HTN. All subjects had undergone anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI) and waist–hip ratio along with lipid profile.Results:Levels of serum magnesium were low among the study population with pre-HTN when compared to controls without pre-HTN. Prehypertensive individuals show high BMI (24.09 ± 2.10 vs. 21.54 ± 2.02), waist–hip ratio (0.86 ± 0.08 vs. 0.82 ± 0.07), fasting blood sugar levels (103.15 ± 7.47 vs. 94.41 ± 8.21), serum triglyceride (141.12 ± 41.41 vs. 128.37 ± 23.46), and total cholesterol (175.95 ± 28.12 vs. 159.59 ± 19.03) levels when compared to controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted which revealed a strong correlation between pre-HTN and hypomagnesemia.Conclusion:This study found a positive correlation between pre-HTN and low blood magnesium levels.
Pattern of Social Media Platform Use among Students from Health Sciences University
Authors: Patil Supriya Satish , Goswami Nupur , Patil Satish Ramchandra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
The present study was undertaken to assess the pattern of social media use, its impact on social interaction and student’s perception toward its academic impacts.

Methodology:
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 135 students of a tertiary healthcare center, Karad. Data collection was done with the help of a structured, pretested questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20.

Results:
A total of 135 students participated in the study, of which 86 (63.7%) were females. Almost half of the participants, i.e., 66 (48.9%), spent 1–3 h on social media, whereas 20 (14.8%) participants used social media for <1 h/day. Instagram was the most commonly used social networking site (SNS) among the students, followed by YouTube. It was also found that 81 (60%) participants used SNSs primarily for entertainment purposes, whereas only 13 (9.62%) participants used social media primarily for academics.

Conclusion:
The study showed that students are excessively using SNSs and although academic application of social media exists, the majority of the students use it mainly for entertainment and other nonacademic purposes. Hence, proper planning should be done to find preventive strategies and to reduce the detrimental effects of its excessive use.
Fabrication of orbital prosthesis by two different methods in patients with post-COVID-19 rhino-orbital maxillary mucormycosis: A case series
Authors: Bhattacharjee Bappaditya , Srivastava Roopal , Bansal Rajesh , Sharma Naresh K. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Neoplasms, congenital disorders, fungal infections, and traumatic injuries are the predominant causes of orbital defects. Various retentive mechanisms such as application of adhesive, utilization of mechanical undercuts, and implant-supported attachments are generally used in the maxillofacial prosthesis. In the orbital region, the result of magnet-retained attachments is favorable compared with other mechanisms. Different advantages of the magnet-retained prosthesis are less manual dexterity needed during insertion or removal and better maintenance of hygiene. The skin–implant interface and thick tissues in the maxillofacial region are the critically important points that should be given importance during the planning and placement of implants. Ideally, implant sites for orbital prosthesis are the lateral, infra-, and supraorbital rims of the orbital region. The following case series describes two different methods to rehabilitate patients with an exenterated eye due to mucormycosis by individually designed implant with magnetic attachment and mechanical undercut-retained orbital prosthesis.
Condylar osteomyelitis: A case report of a rare complication of maxillary dental extraction
Authors: Dugena Oliver , Sidebottom Andrew 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Condylar osteomyelitis is a long-standing infection of the condylar head of the mandible. The chronic progression of this disease can lead to the destruction of surrounding bony structures and can ultimately affect function. Currently, in English Literature, there have been few cases published on condylar osteomyelitis. Interestingly, regardless of proximity, there have only been two other reported cases of condylar osteomyelitis subsequent to extractions of the upper maxillary third molar. We report a case of a 27-year-old female who presented with an acute episode of condylar osteomyelitis after a simple extraction of an upper left third molar. Several courses of antibiotics did not alleviate her severe trismus, paresthesia, or extensive preauricular collection. Three surgical interventions showed negative growth on numerous swabs. However, CT scans and an MRI confirmed extensive osteomyelitis along the left head, neck, and the angle of the mandible. Following inpatient IV antibiotics, the patient was discharged with a PICC line to allow for long-term treatment. An improvement in function, pain, and swelling was seen on discharge. However, due to the nature of this disease she was monitored for 2 years and due to joint collapse has been listed for alloplastic replacement.
Assessment of neurovascular channels in lateral maxillary sinus wall using cone-beam computed tomography: An imperative clinicians guide for implant placements
Authors: Rai Shalu , Misra Deepankar , Misra Akansha , Jain Ankit , Dabas Priyanka , Ali Qaiser , Kumar Manish 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the location and radio morphometric features of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) in patients undergoing rehabilitation of posterior maxilla and other sinus augmentation surgical procedures by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 816 CBCT scans were included. Various radio morphometric measurements were done to assess the PSAA location, diameter, and distances to the sinus floor and alveolar crest.

Results:
The PSAA was mostly intraosseous in the maximum in the age group 31–51 years (56%), in males (53.4%), and in dentate patients (57.4%). The artery tends to be wider in older patients. Distances to the sinus floor or the alveolar crest tend to be shorter in women.

Conclusions:
This study suggests that CBCT is a valuable pre-surgical tool and the evaluation of the PSAA on CBCT images could reduce the likelihood of excess bleeding during surgery in the maxillary posterior region.
The safety and efficacy of imatinib a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of SARS-COV-2 induced pneumonia: a pilot study
Authors: Assaad Hany S. , Assaad-Khalil Samir , Razek Assem A. , Zidan Mohamed , Zaki Adel 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in a wide spectrum of disease, approximately 15–20% of affected patients present with severe phenotype that require supplemental oxygen, including up to 5% who may develop critical illness. The main therapeutic strategies proposed for the management of COVID-19 pneumonia are direct antiviral and immunomodulatory treatments aiming to prevent disease progression. In this pilot study we are testing the hypothesis of using imatinib a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) as an immunomodulatory treatment to prevent disease progression, based on encouraging data from cellular, animal models and clinical trials, showing a beneficial role of TKI in the regulation of inflammation and endothelial barrier integrity, as well as their antiviral properties.

Aim
The primary end point is to assess the effect of the imatinib treatment, in terms of safety and efficacy, to prevent the progression of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia into critical illness and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. The secondary end point is a composite of change in clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters, including: clinical parameters − the percentage of patients reaching normal hypoxic index (HI) at time of hospital discharge, hospital length of stay and days on mechanical ventilation (MV) in patient intubated and mechanically ventilated, the changes in the levels of laboratory inflammatory markers: serum ferritin, serum C reactive protein (CRP), serum interleukin 6 (IL6), viral clearance presented by the delta time till negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR results, as well as the change in the chest radiological parameters (Computed tomography chest or radiography).

Methods
Thirty SARS-COV-2 positive patients with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, were enrolled and randomized into three groups: group 1 Control, group 2 Low dose Imatinib (receiving 200 mg Imatinib/day) and group 3 Standard dose Imatinib (receiving 400 mg Imatinib/day).

Results
There was no significant difference between the three groups regarding the severity of the disease at baseline, as assessed by clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters. There was a nonstatistically significant difference in the primary end point of the study, regarding the number of patients in need for invasive mechanical ventilation, between the control group and the intervention groups receiving imatinib.

Conclusion
Despite the negative results regarding the efficacy of imatinib to flatten the curve of the illness and the prevention of more severe phenotype of the disease, our study showed positive findings regarding the medication’s safety and patients’ tolerability. These finding would pave the way for further studies to assess the concept of immunomodulation in the treatment of immunity derived disease, like sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Analgesic and hemodynamic effects of intravenous magnesium sulfate infusion versus lidocaine infusion in patients undergoing thyroid surgery for toxic goiter resection: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Elhouty Mohamed G. , Elbahrawy Khaled , Sakr Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Background
Anesthesia for toxic goiter resection is challenging as manipulation of the thyroid gland and inadequate postoperative pain control could lead to hemodynamic instability due to stress and a neurohormonal response. Both magnesium sulfate and lidocaine are known for their analgesic effects and decreasing stress response. Herein, we compared the previous two medications regarding intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative analgesia.

Patients and methods
57 patients who underwent toxic goiter resection were enrolled in this prospective randomized trial (group M received magnesium sulfate, group L received lidocaine, and group C received normal saline). Intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative analgesic profiles were assessed.

Results
Both injection groups expressed significantly lower pain scores compared with control group at Post anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and one-hour postoperative. Postoperative fentanyl consumption was significantly lower, and the time to first analgesic request was significantly prolonged in Magnesium and Lidocaine groups than in the control group. The previous beneficial effects were more prominent in the Magnesium Group compared with the Lidocaine Group. There was no significant difference in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) among the three study groups at the baseline, after the end of infusion, and after induction. Nonetheless, there was a significant rise in mean arterial pressure and heart rate values in the control group compared with the Magnesium and Lidocaine Groups with intubation and during the first hour of surgery.

Conclusion
Both magnesium sulfate and lidocaine have beneficial hemodynamic stabilizing and analgesic effects in patients undergoing thyroid surgery for toxic goiter, with a slight superiority for magnesium.