bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo gene expression in granulosa cells during pig terminal follicular development
Authors: Bonnet A , Lê Cao K A , SanCristobal M , Benne F , Robert-Granié C , Law-So G , Fabre S , Besse P , De Billy E , Quesnel H , Hatey F , Tosser-Klopp G 
Published: May 2008

AbstractOvarian antral follicular development is clearly dependent on pituitary gonadotrophins FSH and LH. Although the endocrine mechanism that controls ovarian folliculogenesis leading to ovulation is quite well understood, the detailed mechanisms and molecular determinants in the different follicular compartments remain to be clarified. The aim of this study was to identify the genes differentially expressed in pig granulosa cells along the terminal ovarian follicle growth, to gain a comprehensive view of these molecular mechanisms. First, we developed a specific micro-array using cDNAs from suppression subtractive hybridization libraries (345 contigs) obtained by comparison of three follicle size classes: small, medium and large antral healthy follicles. In a second step, a transcriptomic analysis using cDNA probes from these three follicle classes identified 79 differentially expressed transcripts along the terminal follicular growth and 26 predictive genes of size classes. The differential expression of 18 genes has been controlled using real-time PCR experiments validating the micro-array analysis. Finally, the integration of the data using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis identified five gene networks providing descriptive elements of the terminal follicular development. Specifically, we observed: (1) the down-expression of ribosomal protein genes, (2) the genes involved in lipid metabolism and (3) the down-expression of cell morphology and ion-binding genes. In conclusion, this study gives new insight into the gene expression during pig terminal follicular growth in vivo and suggested, in particular, a morphological change in pig granulosa cells accompanying terminal follicular growth.
A Rapid Solution to Align the Severely Malpositioned Premaxilla in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
Authors: Vachiramon Amornpong T. , Groper John N. , Gamer Simon 
Published: May 2008

Objective: To describe a laboratory modification of the maxillary cast to make an improved nasoalveolar molding plate used in presurgical orthopedics for infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Conclusions: Modifying the nasoalveolar molding plate may reduce the presurgical treatment time for the bilateral cleft lip and palate patient.
Family-Based Association Study of the MTHFR Polymorphism C677T in Patients with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate from Central Europe
Authors: Reutter Heiko , Birnbaum Stefanie , Lacava Amalia Diaz , Mende Meinhard , Henschke Henning , Bergé Stefaan , Braumann Bert , Lauster Carola , Schiefke Franziska , Wenghoefer Matthias , Saffar Mitra , Reich Rudolf , Scheer Martin , Kramer Franz-Josef , Knapp Michael , Mangold Elisabeth 
Published: May 2008

Objective: The 677C→T allele in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene has been implicated in the etiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (CL/P). This study involved a family-based association study of the MTHFR polymorphism. Patients/participants: We examined 181 patients with CL/P of central European descent and their parents for this variant. Results: The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) did not confirm an association between the MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism and nonsyndromic CL/P as previously suggested (p = .36). When comparing the offspring of mothers with periconceptional use of folate to those without, no statistically significant differences were found (p = .708). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism does not make a major contribution to the occurrence of CL/P among central Europeans.
Validity and Reliability of Craniofacial Anthropometric Measurement of 3D Digital Photogrammetric Images
Authors: Wong Julielynn Y. , Oh Albert K. , Ohta Eiichi , Hunt Anne T. , Rogers Gary F. , Mulliken John B. , Deutsch Curtis K. 
Published: May 2008

Background: Direct anthropometry performed during a patient examination is the standard technique for quantifying craniofacial dysmorphology, as well as for surgical planning and outcome assessment. Several new technologies have been designed to computerize anthropometric measurements, including three-dimensional (3D) digital photogrammetry. These digital systems have the advantage of acquiring patient craniofacial surface images quickly and noninvasively. Before morphometry using digital photogrammetry can be applied in clinical and research practice, it must be assessed against direct anthropometry. Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of facial anthropometric linear distances imaged by 3D digital photogrammetry with respect to direct anthropometry. Design, Setting, Participants, Measures: Standard craniofacial distances were directly measured twice on 20 normal adult volunteers. Craniofacial surfaces were also imaged using the 3dMDface digital photogrammetry system, and distances were digitally measured twice for each subject. Validity measures of accuracy and bias (for direct versus digital measurements) and reproducibility measures of precision and test-retest reliability (for repeated sets of digital measurements) were computed. Results: Seventeen of the 18 direct measurements correlated highly with digital values (mean r = 0.88). The correlation for one measurement (upper prolabial width) was not statistically significant. The overall precision of all 17 digital measurements was less than 1 mm, and the reliability was high (mean r = 0.91). Conclusions: Craniofacial anthropometry using the 3dMDface System is valid and reliable. Digital measurements of upper prolabial width may require direct marking, prior to imaging, to improve landmark identification.
Mandibular Morphology and Spatial Position following One-Stage Simultaneous Repair of Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Fudalej Piotr , Obloj Barbara , Dudkiewicz Zofia , Hortis-Dzierzbicka Maria 
Published: May 2008

Objective: To assess mandibular structure and spatial position following one-stage simultaneous repair of the unilateral cleft lip and palate. Design: Forty boys and 17 girls with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent one-stage simultaneous repair of the cleft by the same surgeon at the age of 9.23 months (standard deviation  =  1.74) were selected. Lateral cephalograms taken at the age of approximately 10 years were analyzed and were compared with a sex- and age-matched control group that consisted of individuals with Angle Class I, no crossbite, positive overbite <5 mm, mild crowding (Incisor Irregularity Index <3.5 mm), and harmonious facial build. Results: No intergroup differences were demonstrated regarding structure of the cranial base. The mandible was found to be retruded and at a larger inclination to the cranial base as compared with controls. Both total mandibular length (ArGn) and length of the mandibular body were larger in the control group, at <2 mm. Height of the ramus and gonial angle were similar in both groups. Intergender comparison showed few significant differences in control subjects only (SN, SGo, and NMe variables). Conclusions: The mandible, following a one-stage simultaneous repair of cleft, was found to be retrusive, and the length of mandibular body was <2 mm shorter than that of the controls.
Long-Term Treatment Effectiveness of Molding Helmet Therapy in the Correction of Posterior Deformational Plagiocephaly: A Five-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Lee Robert P. , Teichgraeber John F. , Baumgartner James E. , Waller Amy L. , English Jeryl D. , Lasky Robert E. , Miller Charles C. , Gateno Jaime , Xia James J. 
Published: May 2008

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of helmet therapy in the correction of deformational plagiocephaly and to assess the early occlusal abnormalities seen in these patients. Design: A prospective study with blinded measurements. Patients: Twenty-eight patients with deformational plagiocephaly who were treated with molding helmet therapy with at least 5 years of follow-up. Interventions: The average length of molding helmet treatment was 6.2 months. At the time of this follow-up evaluation, the mean interval since completing the molding helmet therapy was 5.6 years. Main Outcome Measures: Anthropometric measurements of cranial asymmetry included cranial vault asymmetry (CVA), orbitotragial depth asymmetry (OTDA), and cranial base asymmetry (CBA). A dental examination was also performed. Results: At the completion of therapy, the most improvement was seen in the measurement of CBA, followed by CVA and OTDA. However, in evaluating the long-term stability of molding treatment, OTDA tended to continue improving after the initial treatment, while CBA and CVA appeared to regress, although none of the changes reached statistically significant levels. In dental measurements, all the dental midline and chin deviations were toward the unaffected side with respect to occipital deformation. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that helmet remodeling with the dynamic orthotic cranioplasty band is effective in the correction of cranial asymmetry, with some nonstatistically significant changes in long-term cranial vault symmetry. Dental observations indicated the possibility of occlusal abnormalities that may affect dental, especially orthodontic, diagnosis and teatment planning.
Combined Fmri and MRI Movie in the Evaluation of Articulation in Subjects with and without Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Sato-Wakabayashi Michiru , Inoue-Arai Maristela Sayuri , Ono Takashi , Honda Ei-ichi , Kurabayashi Tohru , Moriyama Keiji 
Published: May 2008

Objective: This study was undertaken to explore the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and MRI movies in the evaluation of articulatory function in subjects with and without cleft lip and palate (CLP). Design: The authors examined brain activation and the dynamic movement of articulators during bilabial and velar plosives using fMRI and MRI movies. Subjects: Two subjects, one with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and one with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), and 12 non-CLP volunteers. Results: Activation foci were found in the precentral gyrus, thalamus, and cerebellum in non-CLP volunteers. In comparison, similar regions were activated in the UCLP subject during both plosives, whereas the regions activated in the BCLP subject were different, particularly during the velar plosive. The dynamic movement of articulators in the UCLP subject was comparable to that in a non-CLP volunteer but different from that in the BCLP subject. Conclusions: The results suggest that these two MRI modalities may be a promising evaluation methodology for articulatory function in CLP from central and peripheral perspectives.
Derivation of Euploid Human Embryonic Stem Cells from Aneuploid Embryos
Authors: Lavon Neta , Narwani Kavita , Golan-Lev Tamar , Buehler Nicole , Hill David , Benvenisty Nissim 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of preimplantation embryos. In this study, to isolate new lines of HESCs, we used blastocyst-stage embryos diagnosed as aneuploid in preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). During in vitro fertilization treatments, PGS is widely applied to identify chromosomal aneuploidies, especially in cases of advanced maternal age. Embryos that are detected as carrying aneuploidies are destined to be discarded unless donated for research. From 74 fresh PGS-defined aneuploid embryos, we derived seven HESC lines. Most of the embryos were left to hatch spontaneously through the hole created for blastomere biopsy and further treated by immunosurgery. The seven HESC lines exhibited morphology and markers typical of HESCs and the capacity for long-term proliferation. The derived HESC lines manifested pluripotent differentiation potential both in vivo and in vitro. Surprisingly, karyotype analysis of the HESC lines that were derived from these aneuploid embryos showed that the cell lines carry a normal euploid karyotype. We show that the euploidy was not achieved through chromosome duplication. Alternatively, we suggest that the euploid HESC lines originated from mosaic embryos consisting of aneuploid and euploid cells, and in vitro selection occurred to favor euploid cells. We assume that aneuploid HESC lines could be isolated mostly from embryos that are uniform for the aneuploidy. These results led us to conclude that the aneuploid mosaic embryos that are destined to be discarded can serve as an alternative source for normal euploid HESC lines.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Mechanical and Repeated Antimicrobial Therapy Using a Local Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Peri‐Implantitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Lessem Jan , Dahlén Gunnar , Renvert Helena , Lindahl Christel 
Published: May 2008

Background: Peri‐implantitis is an inflammatory process caused by microorganisms affecting the tissues around an osseointegrated implant in function, resulting in a loss of supporting bone. Limited data exist regarding the treatment of peri‐implantitis. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and microbiologic outcome of repeated local administration of minocycline microspheres, 1 mg, in cases of peri‐implantitis.Methods: Thirty‐two subjects with at least one implant with a probing depth ≥4 mm combined with bleeding and/or exudate on probing and the presence of putative pathogenic bacteria were included in the study. At baseline, subjects were randomly assigned to receive local minocycline microspheres (17 subjects and 57 implants) or chlorhexidine gel (15 subjects and 38 implants) following debridement. Treatments were performed on three occasions: baseline and days 30 and 90. Follow‐up examinations were conducted at 10 days and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.Results: The use of minocycline resulted in significant improvements in probing depths compared to chlorhexidine at days 30, 90, and 180 (P = 0.5, P = 0.01, and P = 0.04, respectively). For the deepest sites of the minocycline‐treated implants, the mean probing depth reduction was 0.6 mm at 12 months. Regarding bleeding on probing, significant differences between groups, based on all four sites at the implants, were found at days 30, 90, 180, 270, and 360. Both treatments resulted in a marked reduction in the indicator bacteria.Conclusions: The use of a repeated local antibiotic as an adjunct to the mechanical treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions demonstrated improvements in probing depths that were significantly different from controls and were sustained for 6 months. The adjunctive use of minocycline microspheres is beneficial in the treatment of peri‐implant lesions, but the treatment may have to be repeated.
The Evaluation of Cystatin C, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α Levels in Total Saliva and Gingival Crevicular Fluid From 11‐ to 16‐Year‐Old Children
Authors: Ülker A. Evren , Tulunoglu Özlem , Özmeric Nurdan , Can Murat , Demirtas Selda 
Published: May 2008

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of cystatin C, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) in the total saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontally healthy children (PHC) and children with gingivitis (CG) who were between 11 and 16 years old.Methods: The study was carried out with 10 PHC and 25 CG. Unstimulated total saliva and GCF samples were obtained. Clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI), were assessed. GCF samples were collected from four maxillary upper incisors. After sampling, biochemical analyses were performed using latex particle–enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay for cystatin C and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for IL‐1β and TNF‐α. The multivariate analysis of variance test was used for statistical evaluation.Results: In total saliva, cystatin C and TNF‐α levels were higher in PHC, and IL‐1β levels were higher in CG, but the differences were not statistically significant. In GCF, cystatin C levels were higher in PHC (P >0.05), whereas TNF‐α and IL‐1β levels were higher in CG (P >0.05). In the CG group, there were positive correlations between the GCF cystatin C level and the PI of the sampled site (r = 0.488; P <0.05); also, GCF IL‐1β (r = 0.603; P <0.05) and TNF‐α (r = 0.456; P <0.05) levels were positively correlated with PD and CAL. For the whole mouth and the sampled sites, PI, GI, GBI, PD, and CAL values were higher in CG (P <0.05), but no significant differences were detected between GCF volumes of the two groups.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first evaluation of cystatin C in the gingival disease mechanism in children. Our results showed that total saliva and GCF cystatin C levels were higher in PHC (P >0.05), but there was no correlation between cystatin C levels and IL‐1β or TNF‐α levels in total saliva or GCF.
Histologic Observation of Soft Tissue Acquired From Maxillary Tuberosity Area for Root Coverage
Authors: Jung Ui‐Won , Um Yoo‐Jung , Choi Seong‐Ho 
Published: May 2008

Background: The palatal area has been the major donor site for obtaining connective tissue for root‐coverage procedures. This study evaluated the long‐term outcome of using a gingival cuff from the maxillary tuberosity area as a donor site for root coverage procedures.Methods: Case 1: A 26‐year‐old female patient complaining of tooth hypersensitivity and gingival recession on the maxillary left canine was treated with root coverage using a pouch technique. A connective tissue graft was obtained from the gingival cuff of the maxillary tuberosity area. An additional gingivectomy was performed at 3 months after surgery to trim the bulk of the grafted tissue. Regular recall check‐up visits, including oral hygiene maintenance, occurred every 6 months. The patient was followed for 35 months after surgery. Case 2: A 24‐year‐old female patient with a chief complaint of tooth hypersensitivity and multiple areas of gingival recession in the maxilla was treated with a pouch and semilunar technique. The patient was treated with the same surgical protocol as in case 1. The patient was followed for 31 months after surgery.Results: Full coverage was achieved in both cases with uneventful healing. The gingival biotype changed from a thin scalloped biotype to a thick flat biotype, and the overall color match was successful. The histologic findings of case 1 revealed good adaptation of the grafted tissue with continuous epithelial lining into the recipient site. The grafted tissue remained consistently stable with no change in the probing depths.Conclusion: The long‐term evaluation of root coverage with a gingival cuff of the maxillary tuberosity area showed it to be an easier method than obtaining the graft from palatal masticatory mucosa, with a highly predictable prognosis.
Gingival Contour Assessment: Clinical Parameters Useful for Esthetic Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Charruel Sylvain , Perez Christophe , Foti Bruno , Camps Jean , Monnet‐Corti Virginie 
Published: May 2008

Background: The purposes of this study were to quantify some clinical parameters that are useful as esthetic guidelines when the gingival contour is modified and to compare the left and right sides of the six maxillary anterior teeth.Methods: Maxillary casts mounted on an articulator according to the axis orbital plane were photographed from 103 young adults. The angle formed between the gingival line and the maxillary midline (GLA) and the distance between the gingival zenith of the lateral incisor and the gingival line (LID) were measured. The asymmetry was evaluated using a paired t test for the left versus right measurements of GLA and LID. The descriptive statistics for GLA and LID were calculated.Results: The GLA measurements of the left side (86.5° ± 5.1°) were significantly greater than those of the right side (85.2° ± 4.9°), and the mean absolute asymmetry for GLA was 4.1° ± 3.0°. The mean LID measurement was 0.68 ± 0.52 mm.Conclusions: The gingival zenith of the canine is apical to the gingival zenith of the incisors (GLA <90°), and the gingival zenith of the lateral incisor is below (81.1%) or on (15%) the gingival line when the head is oriented in the axis orbital plane. A directional asymmetry was shown, with the right side higher than the left side. Along with other parameters related to dental esthetics, these clinical parameters applied to the gingival contours may serve as esthetic guidelines and may enable us to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.
Fibronectin Fragmentation Is a Feature of Periodontal Disease Sites and Diabetic Foot and Leg Wounds and Modifies Cell Behavior
Authors: Stanley Corey M. , Wang Yao , Pal Sanjay , Klebe Robert J. , Harkless Lawrence B. , Xu Xiaoping , Chen Zhihua , Steffensen Bjorn 
Published: May 2008

Background: Fibronectin (FN) undergoes fragmentation in periodontal disease sites and in poorly healing diabetic wounds. The biologic effects of FN fragments on wound healing remain unresolved. This study characterized the pattern of FN fragmentation and its effects on cellular behavior compared to intact FN.Methods: Polyclonal antibodies were raised against FN and three defined recombinant segments of FN and used to analyze gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal disease sites in systemically healthy subjects and in subjects with diabetes, as well as chronic leg and foot wound exudates from subjects with diabetes. Subsequently, the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and HT1080 reference cells were analyzed by measuring cell attachment, migration, and chemotaxis in the presence of intact FN or recombinant FN fragments.Results: FN fragmentation was evident in fluids from periodontal disease sites and diabetic leg and foot wounds. However, no fragmentation pattern distinguished systemically healthy subjects from subjects with diabetes. hGFs and HT1080 cells required significantly higher concentrations of FN fragments to achieve attachment comparable to intact FN. Cells cultured on FN fragments also were morphologically different from cells cultured on full‐length FN. Migration was reduced for hGFs cultured on FN fragments relative to full‐length FN. In contrast, FN fragments increased HT1080 fibrosarcoma cell migration over intact FN.Conclusions: FN fragmentation is a prominent feature of periodontal and chronic leg and foot wounds in diabetes. Furthermore, cell culture assays confirmed the hypothesis that exposure to defined FN fragments significantly alters cell behavior.