bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLIC STUDIES WITH METHANDROSTENOLONE (17β-HYDROXY-17α-METHYL-ANDROSTA-1,4-DIEN-3-ONE) IN HUMAN SUBJECTS
Authors: Almqvist S. , Ikkos D. , Luft R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of graded doses (5, 10 and 25 mg/d of methandrostenolone and of 25 mg/d of testosterone propionate were compared in each of three metabolically stable adult subjects. Five mg/d of methandrostenolone induced nitrogen and calcium retention. The effects observed with larger doses of methandrostenolone (10 and 25 mg/d) were not quantitatively different from those with 5 mg/d. The nitrogen and calcium retention obtained with the daily dose of 5 mg of methandrostenolone was as great or greater than that induced by testosterone propionate (25 mg/d). Methandrostenolone induced creatinuria but had no effect on sodium and chloride balances and urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON A NEW PROGESTATIONAL AGENT, »ALLYLESTRENOL«
Authors: Aydar Cetin K. , Greenblatt Robert B. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1. A new steroid, 17α-allyl-17β-hydroxy-estr-4-ene (allylestrenol) is an orally effective progestational compound. 2. Forty-three female patients received 71 courses of allylestrenol. Withdrawal bleeding occurred in 59 instances, with as low a total dosage as 50 to 75 mg over a period of five days. 3. In five of the eleven patients a thermogenic response was noted. 4. Thirty to forty milligrams of allylestrenol with 0.12 to 0.2 mg of ethinyl oestradiol-3-methyl ether successfully delayed menses when administered for 20 days starting 6 to 7 days after ovulation. 5. Allylestrenol with an oestrogen induced progestational changes in a castrated female. 6. Allylestrenol did not suppress adrenal function in 2 patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia but did appear to have some anti-oestrogenic effects in the treatment of two children with sexual precocity. 7. Allylestrenol is a pure and safe progestational agent without apparent androgenic, oestrogenic, or other side effects.
DER GEHALT VON ÖSTRON, 17β-ÖSTRADIOL UND ÖSTRIOL IN DER MENSCHLICHEN PLACENTA
Authors: Schmidt-Elmendorff H. W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The concentration of free oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol was estimated in placental tissue which was freed from foetal blood by paraffin oil perfusion. The following results were obtained: oestrone 40.8 ± 15.1 μg, 17β-oestradiol 100.7 ± 16.0 μg and oestriol 180.4 ± 16.0 μg/kg placental tissue.
The concentration of the three above-mentioned oestrogens was not affected by heating the placental tissue as described by Diczfalusy & Lindkvist. Incubation of placental tissue for 3 to 24 hours at + 4° C increased the concentration of the three oestrogens.
PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHIE DER 17-KETOSTEROIDE MIT QUANTITATIVER AUSWERTUNG
Authors: Sachs L. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The method presented is of practical value in the study of the excretion of the 17-ketosteroids, since it permits after hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid and following purification quantitative determination of:
I: 11-oxygenated 17-ketosteroids II: 3β-hydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one (DHA) III: 3β-hydroxy-androstan-17-one IV: 3α-hydroxy-5β-androstan-17-one (aetiocholanolone) V: 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one (androsterone) VI: androstane-3,17-dione VII: androst-5-ene-3β-chloro-17-one with other artifacts.
The separation on paperchromatogram in 7 zones is achieved by running the mobile phase two times using dimethylformamide/methylcyclohexane as solvent system. The Zimmermann reaction is employed to reveal the zones marked by reference standards which were run in lanes parallel to the extracts being tested. Then the zones are cut out and extracted with decomposition of the dyestuff and quantitative regeneration of the original ketosteroids. Pigments in the extracts were corrected for by measuring the extinctions developed in the absence of dinitrobenzene. The ketosteroids are estimated photometrically by the Zimmermann reaction. After discussing the results of recovery and related experiments, values are given concerning fractional analysis of urinary 17-ketosteroids in two normal women, and compared with tabulated data from literature. The recommended fractionation is especially valuable in the investigation of endocrinopathies, data on this will be published in a subsequent paper.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE ACTIVITY IN EXOPHTHALMOS
Authors: Björkman Sven Erik , Denneberg Torsten , Hedenskog Inge 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method for demonstrating the presence of a thyroid stimulating factor in the blood of patients with progressive exophthalmos after thyroidectomy or after treatment with radioiodine is described. The method consists of transfusing freshly drawn blood from the patients to euthyroid recipients and subsequently following the PBI level of the recipients at regular intervals.
Six exophthalmic patients tested in this manner were found to have such a factor in their circulating blood. After transfusion of their blood a significant rise in the PBI level of the recipients could be demonstrated. Two other patients, one with exophthalmos of long duration did not show this response nor did it occur after transfusion of blood from two control subjects. In one case the action of this factor was compared with that of animal thyrotrophin and found to be of the same magnitude.
STUDIES ON THE GROWTH IN TISSUE CULTURE OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM AND OF THE ISOLATED OVARIAN FOLLICLE OF THE RAT
Authors: Kullander Stig 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The growth of corpus luteum tissue fragments and single ovarian follicles from rat and the hormonal influence on such growth was studied in tissue culture. Both types of tissue gave good growth.
Oestrone inhibited the growth of the theca cells around the follicles during dioestrus, but stimulated the growth of the corpus luteum fragments, provided, however, that they had been dissected from rats in dioestrus.
Progesterone appeared to inhibit the growth of theca cells from follicles removed from animals in oestrus.
F. S. H. inhibited the growth of theca cells from follicles excised from animals in dioestrus, but stimulated the growth of these cells from animals in oestrus.
L. T. H. stimulated growth of corpus luteum fragments that had been isolated from animals in oestrus, but had no effect when the specimens had been removed from animals in dioestrus.
The findings suggest that steroid hormones and gonadotrophins may directly inhibit or stimulate the growth of certain ovarian cells and that oestrogens are necessary for the gonadotrophic hormones to exert a stimulating effect locally on the ovary.
CORRELATION BETWEEN THE PROTEIN-BOUND SULFHYDRYL GROUPS AND THE ACTIVITY OF THE CELLS OF THE SEMINAL VESICLE OF THE RAT
Authors: Hopsu Väinö K. , Kivikoski A. , Telkkä Antti 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The correlation of the calculated total epithelium of rat seminal vesicle to the quantitatively determined total protein-bound sulfhydryl groups of the vesicle was investigated. The material consisted of nine testosteronetreated, nine castrated and nine control rats. The weight of the seminal vesicle, its epithelium percentage, the calculated total epithelium and the protein-bound sulfhydryl groups of the vesicle diverged in both the experimental groups significantly from the values of the control group.
A fairly good correlation was found between the calculated total epithelium of the vesicle and its calculated total sulfhydryl groups expressed in mol × 10−5. It seems likely that the quantitative determination of proteinbound sulfhydryl groups of the seminal vesicle would be a useful tool in estimating the functional state of this gland.
THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF THIOUREA ON THE OXIDATIVE ACTIVITY OF p-PHENYLENEDIAMINE-OXIDASE (COERULOPLASMIN) IN SERUM
Authors: Keler-Bačoka Mira , Hahn A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of thiourea in concentrations of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 m on the p-phenylenediamine-oxidase activity in human sera was studied in vitro. Thiourea in a concentration of 0.01 m in serum does not significantly influence the oxidase activity of the enzyme. Concentrations of 0.05 m thiourea in serum do not significantly inhibit the p-phenylenediamine-oxidase activity after 24 hours, but after 48 hours the inhibition is significant. Concentrations of 0.10 m thiourea in serum inhibit the p-phenylenediamine-oxidase activity after 24 and 48 hours with a significance sufficiently high to destroy the enzyme completely after 72 hours.
The inhibitory action of thiourea in serum increases simultaneously with increasing concentrations of thiourea and with the time of incubation.
ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL LH CONTENT IN NORMAL, ANDROGEN-STERILIZED AND PROGESTERONE-PRIMED STERILE FEMALE RATS
Authors: Gorski Roger A. , Barraclough Charles A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
We have previously suggested that the failure of the androgen-sterilized, persistent-oestrous rat to ovulate, following electrical stimulation of the median eminence structures of the hypothalamus, is due to an insufficiency in adenohypophyseal LH concentration. Using the ovarian ascorbic acid technique for quantitative determination of pituitary LH content, the present studies have demonstrated that the sterile rat pituitary gland contains one-third the LH content of the normal prooestrous gland. Furthermore, not only does progesterone priming of this persistent-oestrous rat result in a 75 % increase in LH concentration, but on hypothalamic stimulation sufficient LH is released to induce ovulation. The decrease in LH concentration which accompanies ovulation in the progesterone-primed, sterile rat is approximately 45 % of the total gland content as compared with a 51 % decrease in pituitary content in the normal cyclic rat.
ADRENAL AND URINARY CORTICOSTEROIDS IN TERMINAL HEPATIC FAILURE
Authors: Ofstad J. , Støa K. F. , Emberland R. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Determinations of aldosterone (11β,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-pregn-4-en-18-al), and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in the urine and adrenals of a patient dying from hepatic insufficiency were made. In spite of an abnormally high terminal concentration in the urine of aldosterone extractable at pH 1.5, the adrenal aldosterone content was found to be on the same level as in that of three normal subjects.
The urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids was below the normal range, the fraction extractable at pH 7 being somewhat elevated, the glucuronide fraction, on the other hand, being comparatively low.
A PATIENT SUFFERING FROM TURNER'S SYNDROME AND ACROMEGALY
Authors: Willemse C. H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A report is presented of a woman with Turner's syndrome who subsequently developed acromegaly. An eosinophil adenoma of the hypophysis was diagnosed, and removed by operation. Although there was an excess of natural growth hormone, the patient no longer showed longitudinal growth, and the epiphyseal lines were not closed. It was consequently considered that the retardation of longitudinal growth in Turner's syndrome is a result of insensitivity of the bone tissues to growth hormone.
A DISCUSSION OF THE ISOTOPE DILUTION METHOD FOR ESTIMATING SECRETORY RATES FROM URINARY METABOLITES
Authors: Gurpide Erlio , Mann Jonah , VandeWiele Raymond L. , Lieberman Seymour 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The formula for estimating the secretory rate of a hormone after the intravenous administration of a single injection of a radioactive tracer of the hormone and isolation of one of its urinary metabolites has been reexamined considering a two compartment model. In this scheme the tracer is postulated to be injected into the same compartment into which the hormone is secreted. Mathematical analysis has shown that, just as in a single compartment model, the formula is valid provided the assumptions made in its derivation are maintained. However, certain situations are conceivable to which this formula would not apply. One of these is pregnancy, in which hormone made by the placenta is secreted into two compartments simultaneously (maternal and foetal pools) and metabolism occurs differently in each compartment. Secretory rate determinations of oestrogens in pregnant women by the isotope dilution method appear to be subject to the limitations defined by the model presented. Experimental data have been presented which may be rationalized by such a consideration.
THE EFFECT OF THE 11β-HYDROXYLASE BLOCKING SUBSTANCE, SU-4885, ON THE URINARY EXCRETION OF 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROIDS AND OF MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE-LIKE ACTIVITY
Authors: Akinci T. , Apostolakis M. , Tamm J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1. The effect of an 11β-hydroxylase inhibiting substance (SU–4885) on the urinary excretion of 17-OHCS and MSH-like activity was studied in ten normal male subjects. SU-4885 was administered both orally and intravenously in a dosage range varying from 3 to 16 g. 2. A sharp increase of free and of low polar conjugated 17-OHCS excretion was noted in every case. The 17-OHCS of higher polarity showed no consistent changes. 3. An evident increase in MSH-like activity in urine was found in only 2 subjects. A doubtful effect was present in 3 other cases. 4. It is suggested that there is no exact parallelism between ACTH and MSH response to an inhibition of cortisol biosynthesis in the adrenal cortex.
TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES ON THE HORMONE DEPENDENCE OF EXPERIMENTAL OVARIAN TUMOURS IN RATS
Authors: Kullander Stig , Källén Bengt 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Changes in experimental rat ovarian tumour response to steroids, tested in tissue culture, have been studied following subcutaneous isografting of such a tumour into animals in various endocrine conditions, and with the aid of repeated biopsies from such tumours left in situ intrasplenically in heterozygotic animals.
The in vivo response of isografted tumours indicated a stimulation by oestrogens and progesterone.
The primary tumour used for isografting experiments showed little response to steroids in vitro; the only effect obtained was a statistically non-significant arrest with oestrone (3-hydroxy-oestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one). After 6 months' growth as subcutaneous grafts into hosts in various endocrine conditions, considerable changes could be demonstrated in cell response to steroids. Transplants grown in different milieus showed different responses to steroids in vitro. In some cases, stimulating effects and, in others, inhibitory ones were observed.
There was also a difference in growth activity in control cultures prepared from the various transplants.
Repeated biopsies made from tumours left in situ intrasplenically showed changes in response to androsterone (3α-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one) in vitro during the life-span of the tumour. In some cases, a loss of reactivity could be found; in other cases, a capacity to respond developed.
DER EINFLUSS DES ANORGANISCHEN BLUTJODES AUF DEN JODUMSATZ BLANDER STRUMEN
Authors: Reinwein D. , Klein E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The effect of an increased iodide level in the blood for one week on the iodine metabolism of the thyroid was investigated in 28 patients with nontoxic goiter by means of isotope and chemical analyses. The average initial values of 0.8 μg/100 ml blood iodide and of 14.3 μg/h absolute iodine uptake of the thyroid did not deviate from the previously found normal values. Increasing the iodide concentration in blood caused at first stimulation and then inhibition of the thyroid iodine uptake. Normally its complete block was reached at 30.0 μg/10 ml, whilst for the nontoxic goiter this did not occur below 100.0 μg/100 ml blood iodide. An increased thyrotrophin-effect and not the larger thyroid volume is responsible for this difference. The secretory activities of the nontoxic goiter and of the normal thyroid were equally little influenced by iodine administration.
THE SECRETORY CAPACITY OF THE AUTOTRANSPLANTED HYPOPHYSIS AS INDICATED BY THE EFFECTS OF STEROID HORMONES ON THE MAMMARY GLANDS
Authors: Ahrén Kurt 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The capacity of the rat mammary gland to respond to testosterone stimulation with lobule-alveolar development only when growth hormone is present, has in these experiments been used as a method for studying whether the pituitary gland, autotransplanted into the kidney capsule, can secrete growth hormone.
Injections of 0.05 or 0.25 mg of testosterone propionate daily for 14 days did not stimulate any lobule-alveolar development in the mammary glands of castrated rats with autotransplanted hypophysis. When this treatment was given for about 4 weeks, a few alveoli were seen in the mammary glands. In castrated rats with intact pituitary gland the same doses of testosterone propionate stimulated an extense lobule-alveolar development even after only 14 days of treatment. Injections of testosterone propionate together with growth hormone in rats with autotransplanted hypophysis stimulated the same degree of lobule-alveolar development as did injections of testosterone alone in rats with intact pituitary gland.
These observations on the mammary glands indicate that there is a considerable deficiency of growth hormone in rats with the pituitary gland autotransplanted into the kidney capsule. These results are discussed, together with the value of the method used for estimating the presence of growth hormone.
ADRENOCORTICAL STEROID PROFILE IN THE HYPERTENSIVE DOG
Authors: Besch Paige K. , Brownell Katherine A. , Hartman Frank A. , Watson David J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Five steroids more polar than cortisol were found in the adrenal vein plasma of experimentally prepared renal hypertensive dogs, while only two steroids (more polar than cortisol) were found in the adrenal effluent of the normal controls. Evidence is presented for the tentative identification of each steroid. The major compound (32%) in the hypertensive group was 11β, 17α, 20β, 21-tetrahydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one (20β-OH-cortisol).*** Those compounds that appeared in both groups were about 50% higher in the hypertensive group.
ON THE SECRETION OF CORTICOTROPHIN BY THE HOMOTRANSPLANTED PITUITARY GLAND IN THE RAT
Authors: Foster Roger , Rothchild I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Ten week old male rats bearing pituitary gland homotransplants beneath the kidney capsule (transplanted 3 weeks previously) were hypophysectomized 24 hours prior to testing the transplant's ability to release corticotrophin (ACTH). Adrenal ascorbic acid depletion was used as the measure of ACTH release following the stimuli of ether anaesthesia and unilateral adrenalectomy, or these two stimuli, plus intravenous histamine. No significant adrenal ascorbic acid depletion occurred in such animals either 1 or 4 hours after these stimuli. The same results were obtained in rats that were hypophysectomized at the time of pituitary transplantation (7 weeks of age) and tested 3 weeks later. The transplanted pituitary glands contained ACTH at a concentration equivalent to that of the in situ glands. The rats bearing in situ as well as transplanted anterioi pituitary glands until 24 hours prior to autopsy had adrenal weights slightly but significantly heavier than comparable non-transplant-bearing animals.
The results suggest that transplantation of the adenohypophysis beneath the kidney capsule interferes with an ACTH releasing process which is most likely mediated primarily through a direct connection with the CNS. The possibility that the slightly heavier adrenals in the transplant bearing animals might be due to a non-ACTH factor secreted by the transplant was also considered.
MUCINOGENESIS AND ENZYMORPHOLOGY OF RAT VAGINA; PHOSPHORYLASE, β-GLUCURONIDASE, DPNH-DIAPHORASE AND PHOSPHATASES
Authors: Takeuchi Tadao , Hayashi Masando , Fishman William H. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Vaginal epithelium of ovariectomized rats following the subcutaneous injection of oestrogenic hormone was analyzed by enzymorphology and particular attention was given to mucin formation. Localization and intensity of enzymes examined in this study such as amylophosphorylase, amylo-1,4→ 1,6-transglucosidase, alkaline and acid phosphatases, 5-nucleotidase, esterase, DPNH-diaphorase, and β-glucuronidase varied depending on the stage of hormonal stimulation. Mucified cells contained the various enzymes examined, being especially rich in phosphorylase, alkaline phosphatase, 5-nucleotidase, β-glucuronidase and DPNH-diaphorase. These seemed to be related to the intracellular metabolism in the mucinogenous cells of epithelial layers. One of these, amylophosphorylase was demonstrated only in mucified cells within whole epithelial layers in mucified stage, and a close relationship between it and mucin formation was observed. The location of amylo-1,4→ 1,6-transglucosidase resembled the phosphorylase finding and suggests a similar physiologic function.
PROGESTATIONAL ACTIVITY OF ETHINYL-OESTRENOL IN AMENORRHOEA
Authors: Borglin N. E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The progestational effect of 17α-ethynyl-17β-hydroxy-oestr-4-ene, ethinyl-oestrenol, per os has been studied in 10 cases of amenorrhoea and one case of oligomenorrhoea. Ethinyl-oestradiol was given for priming in the cases of amenorrhoea. Withdrawal bleeding occurred within 1–4 days in all of the 34 cycles studied. In all the cases of amenorrhoea the endometrium showed the characteristics of the secretory phase after a total dose of 35 mg per cycle. The appearance of the endometrium during the secretory phase was normal in all respects. In the patient with oligomenorrhoea the secretory phase was doubtful. The basal body temperature was biphasic in 24 of the cycles (8 cases) and doubtful though probably biphasic in a further 7 (2 cases). No side effects were observed. Ethinyl-oestrenol may thus be regarded as an effective oral progestational agent.
PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHISCHE ISOLATION DES OESTRONS, 17β-OESTRADIOLS UND OESTRIOLS AUS MENSCHLICHEN OVARIEN
Authors: Kecskés L. , Mutschler F. , Thán E. , Farkas I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1.) The oestrogen content of human ovaries during the menstrual cycle in ectopic pregnancy and in different gynaecological diseases was studied with paperchromatography. 2.) The presence of oestriol was also detected during the cycle as well as during pregnancy. 3.) The oestrogen values of pregnancy were found to exceed strikingly those of the cycle, especially the increase of quantity of the oestriol was very conspicuous. 4.) In the Stein-Leventhal syndrome the ovaries contained a considerable amount of oestrogen, exceeding the normal values of the cycle.
OESTRADIOL TOLERANCE TEST IN SECONDARY AMENORRHOEA
Authors: Timonen S. , Johansson C.-J. , Hirvonen E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
1. An oestradiol tolerance test was performed in ten cases of secondary amenorrhoea. Oestrogen was administered as a single injection of 10 mg of oestradiol phenyl propionate + 2.5 mg of oestradiol benzoate (Dimenformon prolongatum »Organon«). 2. The oestrogenic effect was estimated by the vaginal smear method, by the cervical fern phenomenon and by registering the interval before the occurrence of withdrawal bleeding. 3. The urinary excretion of oestrogens was measured by Ahlmark's biological method and in three cases by the chemical method of Brown. 4. The maximal urinary output as determined by both methods occurred on the third day after the injection. The maximal oestrogen effect was noted in the vaginal cells on the sixth and in the fern phenomenon, on the third day. 5. The initial output values of the »classical oestrogens« were obtained again after ten days. There was a return to the initial values of the vaginal cell effect and of the fern phenomenon after twenty days. 6. Withdrawal bleeding occurred in nine out of the ten cases, the interval being fifteen to forty-five days (mean twenty-two days). 7. In a case of secondary amenorrhoea combined with hypothyroidism, a slow oestrogen metabolism resulted in a relatively increased excretion of oestradiol and oestrone. 8. Individual variations in an oestrogen tolerance test are most conveniently registered by an oestrone + oestradiol/total oestrogens percentage curve.