bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON MICROALGAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS‐LIGHT RESPONSES MEASURED BY O2 PRODUCTION, PULSE‐AMPLITUDE‐MODULATED FLUORESCENCE, AND 14C ASSIMILATION1
Authors: Hancke Kasper , Hancke Torunn B. , Olsen Lasse M. , Johnsen Geir , Glud Ronnie N. 
Published: April 2008

Short‐term temperature effects on photosynthesis were investigated by measuring O2 production, PSII‐fluorescence kinetics, and 14C‐incorporation rates in monocultures of the marine phytoplankton species Prorocentrum minimum (Pavill.) J. Schiller (Dinophyceae), Prymnesium parvum f. patelliferum (J. C. Green, D. J. Hibberd et Pienaar) A. Larsen (Coccolithophyceae), and Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyceae), grown at 15°C and 80 μmol photons · m−2 · s−1. Photosynthesis versus irradiance curves were measured at seven temperatures (0°C–30°C) by all three approaches. The maximum photosynthetic rate (PCmax) was strongly stimulated by temperature, reached an optimum for Pro. minimum only (20°C–25°C), and showed a similar relative temperature response for the three applied methods, with Q10 ranging from 1.7 to 3.5. The maximum light utilization coefficient (αC) was insensitive or decreased slightly with increasing temperature. Absolute rates of O2 production were calculated from pulse‐amplitude‐modulated (PAM) fluorometry measurements in combination with biooptical determination of absorbed quanta in PSII. The relationship between PAM‐based O2 production and measured O2 production and 14C assimilation showed a species‐specific correlation, with 1.2–3.3 times higher absolute values of PCmax and αC when calculated from PAM data for Pry. parvum and Ph. tricornutum but equivalent for Pro. minimum. The offset seemed to be temperature insensitive and could be explained by a lower quantum yield for O2 production than the theoretical maximum (due to Mehler‐type reactions). Conclusively, the PAM technique can be used to study temperature responses of photosynthesis in microalgae when paying attention to the absorption properties in PSII.
Familiality of major depressive disorder and gender differences in comorbidity
Authors: Verhagen M. , Van Der Meij A. , Franke B. , Vollebergh W. , De Graaf R. , Buitelaar J. , Janzing J. G. 
Published: April 2008

Objective:  Gender differences exist in the prevalence and psychiatric comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigates whether familiality of MDD contributes to observed gender differences in comorbidity.Method:  Familial (f‐MDD) and non‐familial (nf‐MDD) MDD cases from a population sample were assessed for comorbid dysthymia, anxiety disorders and alcohol‐related disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the effect of f‐MDD on gender differences in comorbidity, adjusted for confounders.Results:  Women with f‐MDD reported significantly more comorbid dysthymia and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) than their male counterparts; women with nf‐MDD reported significantly more comorbid simple phobias and agoraphobia than their male counterparts. Gender differences in comorbid panic disorder and alcohol‐related disorders occurred independently of the familial load. Adjustment for age of onset, severity and recurrence of MDD did not change these results.Conclusion:  Models to explain comorbidity patterns of MDD differ by gender. Familiality of MDD should be taken into account.
Photo‐induced hydrophilicity enhances initial cell behavior and early bone apposition
Authors: Sawase Takashi , Jimbo Ryo , Baba Koumei , Shibata Yasuaki , Ikeda Tohru , Atsuta Mitsuru 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjective: The anatase form of titanium dioxide (TiO2) exhibits photo‐induced hydrophilicity when it is irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light. In the present study, the effect of photo‐induced hydrophilicity on initial cell behavior and bone formation was evaluated.Materials and methods: Plasma source ion implantation method and post‐annealing were employed for coating the anatase form of TiO2 to the surface of the titanium disk and implant. Half of the disks and implants were illuminated with UV for 24 h beforehand, whereas the other halves were blinded and used as controls. Photo‐induced hydrophilicity was confirmed by a static wettability assay. The effects of this hydrophilicity on cell behavior were evaluated by means of cell attachment, proliferation and morphology using pluripotent mesenchymal precursor C2C12 cells. Thereafter, bone formation around the hydrophilic implant inserted in the rabbit tibia was confirmed histomorphometrically.Results: The water contact angle of the photo‐induced hydrophilic disk decreased markedly from 43.5° to 0.5°. Cell attachment and proliferation on this hydrophilic disk showed significant improvement. The cell morphology on this hydrophilic disk was extremely flattened, with an elongation of the lamellipodia, whereas a round/spherical morphology was observed on the control disk. The photo‐induced hydrophilic implant enhanced the bone formation with the bone‐to‐metal contact of 28.2% after 2 weeks of healing (control: 17.97%).Conclusion: The photo‐induced hydrophilic surface used in the current study improves the initial cell reactions and enhances early bone apposition to the implant.
Vivosorb®, Bio‐Gide®, and Gore‐Tex® as barrier membranes in rat mandibular defects: an evaluation by microradiography and micro‐CT
Authors: Gielkens Pepijn F. M. , Schortinghuis Jurjen , De Jong Johan R. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Stegenga Boudewijn , Bos Ruud R. M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractObjectives: The objectives of this study were to determine whether a new degradable synthetic barrier membrane (Vivosorb®) composed of poly(dl‐lactide‐ɛ‐caprolactone) (PDLLCL) can be useful in implant dentistry and to compare it with collagen and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes.Material and methods: In 192 male Sprague–Dawley rats, a standardized 5 mm circular defect was created through the right angle of the mandible. New bone formation was evaluated by post‐mortem microradiography and micro‐CT (μCT) imaging. Four groups (control, PDLLCL, collagen, ePTFE) were evaluated at three time intervals (2, 4, and 12 weeks). In the membrane groups the defects were covered; in the control group the defects were left uncovered. Data were analysed using a multiple regression model.Results: New bone formation could be detected by post‐mortem microradiography in 130 samples and by μCT imaging in 112 samples. Bone formation was progressive in 12 weeks, when the mandibular defect was covered with a membrane. Overall, more bone formation was observed underneath the collagen and ePTFE membranes than the PDLLCL membranes.Conclusions: In contrast to uncovered mandibular defects, substantial bone healing was observed in defects covered with a PDLLCL membrane. However, bone formation in PDLLCL‐covered defects tended to be less than in the defects covered with collagen or ePTFE. The high variation in the PDLLCL samples at 12 weeks may be caused by the moderate adherence of this membrane to bone compared with collagen. These results indicate that further study is needed to optimize the properties of PDLLCL membranes.
Immediate transmucosal implant placement in molar extraction sites: a 12‐month prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Cafiero C. , Annibali S. , Gherlone E. , Grassi F. R. , Gualini F. , Magliano A. , Romeo E. , Tonelli P. , Lang N. P. , Salvi G. E. ,   on behalf of the ITI Study Group Italia
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of immediate transmucosal placement of implants into molar extraction sockets.Study design: Twelve‐month multicenter prospective cohort study.Material and methods: Following molar extraction, tapered implants with an endosseous diameter of 4.8 mm and a shoulder diameter of 6.5 mm were immediately placed into the sockets. Molars with evidence of acute periapical pathology were excluded. After implant placement and achievement of primary stability, flaps were repositioned and sutured allowing a non‐submerged, transmucosal healing. Peri‐implant marginal defects were treated according to the principles of guided bone regeneration (GBR) by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral particles in conjunction with a bioresrobable collagen membrane. Standardized radiographs were obtained at baseline and 12 months thereafter. Changes in depth and width of the distance from the implant shoulder (IS) and from the alveolar crest (AC) to the bottom of the defect (BD) were assessed.Results: Eighty‐two patients (42 males and 40 females) were enrolled and followed for 12 months. They contributed with 82 tapered implants. Extraction sites displayed sufficient residual bone volume to allow primary stability of all implants. Sixty‐four percent of the implants were placed in the areas of 36 and 46. GBR was used in conjunction with the placement of all implants. No post‐surgical complications were observed. All implants healed uneventfully yielding a survival rate of 100% and healthy soft tissue conditions after 12 months. Radiographically, statistically significant changes (P<0.0001) in mesial and distal crestal bone levels were observed from baseline to the 12‐month follow‐up.Conclusions: The findings of this 12‐month prospective cohort study showed that immediate transmucosal implant placement represented a predictable treatment option for the replacement of mandibular and maxillary molars lost due to reasons other than periodontitis including vertical root fractures, endodontic failures and caries.
Caries increment in children aged 3–5 years in relation to parents’ dental attitudes: Oslo, Norway 2002 to 2004
Authors: Skeie Marit S. , Espelid Ivar , Riordan Paul J. , Klock Kristin S. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract –  Objectives:  To assess the relationship between parents’ dental attitudes and the caries increment in their children from the age of 3 to 5 years.Methods:  Data based on parental questionnaires and dental examinations were collected from children participating in a follow‐up study from age 3 years (n = 354) in 2002 to 5 years (n = 304) in 2004. The children were categorized as western‐native (WN) and immigrants (IM). The items used were significantly related to caries experience in a multicentre study [Pine et al. (2004)Community Dent Health, vol. 21, pp. 121–30]. The responses to attitudinal items were weighted as positive if they would promote good dental health, and negative if not. Composite attitudinal variables relating to hygiene, diet and indulgence were calculated as a summation of the weighted responses to selected items. Regression analyses (bivariate and multiple) were performed to assess associations during the period between the attitudinal predictors/other control variables and caries increment (Δd3‐5mfs).Results:  Bivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that ‘Attitude to Diet’ and ‘Parental Indulgence’ were clearly related to caries increment. The more exposed children were to negative parental attitudes, the higher the OR. ‘Attitude to Diet’ also persisted in a multiple logistic regression model, showing a higher OR value than caries experience. ‘Immigrant Status’ was the most potent predictor of caries increment. Parents were found to be more indulgent among IM than among WN groups.Conclusion:  Parental dental attitudes are clearly shown to be associated with caries increment in early childhood. The relationship is of such strength that it deserves to be taken into account in future preventive dental strategies.
Lifetime fluoridation exposure and dental caries experience in a military population
Authors: Mahoney Gregory , Slade Gary D. , Kitchener Scott , Barnett Adrian 
Published: April 2008

Abstract –  While there is good evidence of caries‐preventive benefits of fluoride in drinking water among children and adolescents, there is little information about effectiveness of water fluoridation among adults.Objectives:  To determine whether exposure to fluoride in drinking water is associated with caries experience in Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel.Methods:  Cross‐sectional study of 876 deployable ADF personnel aged 17–56 years. At each person’s mandatory annual dental examination, military dentists recorded the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) using visual, tactile and radiographic criteria. Participants also completed a questionnaire, listing residential locations in each year from 1964 to 2003. People were classified into four categories according to the percentage of their lifetime living in places with fluoridated water: <10%, 10% to <50%, 50% to <90% and ≥90%. Mean DMFT was compared among those categories of fluoridation exposure and the association was evaluated statistically using analysis of variance to adjust for age, sex, years of service and rank.Results:  Without adjustment for confounders, the mean DMFT (±95% confidence interval) was 6.3 ± 0.8 for <10% fluoridation exposure, 7.8 ± 0.8 for 10% to <50% exposure, 7.5 ± 0.7 for 50% to <90% exposure and 4.6 ± 0.6 for ≥90% exposure (P < 0.01). However, age was inversely associated with mean DMFT and in the <10% exposure group, 91% of people were aged <35 years. Service rank was also significantly associated with both fluoridation exposure and DMFT. After adjustment for all covariates, mean DMFT was 24% lower among people in the two groups with ≥50% exposure compared with the <10% exposure group.Conclusions:  Degree of lifetime exposure to fluoridated drinking water was inversely associated with DMFT in a dose–response manner among this adult military population.
Prevalence of hyposalivation in relation to general health, body mass index and remaining teeth in different age groups of adults
Authors: Flink Håkan , Bergdahl Maud , Tegelberg Åke , Rosenblad Andreas , Lagerlöf Folke 
Published: April 2008

Abstract –  Objectives:  Several studies have been conducted on the prevalence of hyposalivation in older adults but no population‐based studies in younger adults. Therefore, our aims were to determine the prevalence of very low and low unstimulated (UWSFR) and stimulated (SWSFR) whole salivary flow rates in different age groups between 20 and 69 years, and to analyse the relationship between hyposalivation, subjective oral dryness and predictors of reduced flow rate.Methods:  A randomized and stratified cross‐sectional study including 1427 dental patients was conducted. UWSFR and SWSFR were measured, numbers of remaining teeth recorded and a questionnaire answered regarding subjective oral dryness, general diseases, use of drugs, body mass index (BMI) and use of tobacco.Results:  The prevalence of very low (<0.1 ml/min) and low (0.10–0.19 ml/min) UWSFR was similar for different age groups up to 50 years, ranging between 10.9–17.8% and 17.3–22.7%, respectively. The prevalence of very low UWSFR was significantly higher for women aged 50–69 years than for younger women. For men, prevalence of very low UWSFR was higher at 60–69 years. The prevalence of very low (<0.7 ml/min) and low (0.70 – 0.99 ml/min) SWSFR was between 0–5.5% and 0.8–8.2%, respectively, for the different age groups 20–69 years. Multiple logistic regression revealed that age above 50 years, female gender, having fewer than 20 teeth, and taking xerogenic drugs significantly increased the risk of very low UWSFR. For very low SWSFR, only having fewer than 20 teeth and taking more than two drugs were significant. In the younger individuals (<50 years) only BMI > 25 for very low UWSFR and diagnosed disease for very low SWSFR were found significant. In this younger subset, female gender combined with having fewer than 27 teeth was significant for low UWSFR.Conclusions:  Hyposalivation is prevalent in younger adults, among whom it is associated with diagnosed disease and high BMI, while after age 50 years it is associated with medication. It is also associated with gender and with fewer remaining teeth.
Refining exposure definitions for studies of periodontal disease and systemic disease associations
Authors: Demmer Ryan T. , Kocher Thomas , Schwahn Christian , Völzke Henry , Jacobs Jr David R. , Desvarieux Moïse 
Published: April 2008

Abstract –  Background:  Substantial variation exists in reported associations between periodontal infections and cardiovascular disease. Imprecise periodontal exposure definitions are possible contributors to this variability. We studied appropriate exposure definitions for studying associations between clinical periodontal disease (PD) and systemic disease.Methods:  Data originate from men and women aged 20–79 enrolled in the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) from 1997–2001. Age and sex‐adjusted correlation analysis identified PD definitions with the highest cross‐sectional associations with three subclinical markers of systemic disease: plasma fibrinogen (n = 3481), serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (n = 3480), and common carotid artery intima‐media thickness (c‐IMT) (n = 1745, age  ≥ 45).Results:  In men and women, percent of sites with attachment loss (AL) ≥6 mm and tooth loss both revealed the highest correlation with HbA1c (ρ = 0.11; several other definitions related similarly), while the strongest fibrinogen correlation was observed with percent of sites with pocket depth ≥3 mm (ρ = 0.19). Findings for c‐IMT among men were strongest for percent of sites with AL ≥6 mm (ρ = 0.14; several other definitions related similarly) while among women, percent of sites with pocket depth ≥5 or 6 mm had the highest observed correlation (ρ = 0.13).Conclusions:  A range of near optimal definitions varied according to gender and whether the systemic disease marker reflected an acute or chronic situation. Pocket depth was more strongly correlated with the acute marker fibrinogen while attachment and tooth loss tended to be more strongly correlated with the chronic markers, HbA1c, and c‐IMT. These findings can be useful in designing future studies investigating the association between PD and systemic disease.
Cytokine gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: DeJongh Cindy M. , John Swen M. , Bruynzeel Derk P. , Calkoen Florentine , VanDijk Frank J. H. , Khrenova Liubov , Rustemeyer Thomas , Verberk Maarten M. , Kezic Sanja 
Published: April 2008

Background:  Cytokines play an important role in skin inflammation.Objectives:  We determined whether polymorphisms in cytokine genes contribute to the occurrence of occupational chronic irritant contact dermatitis (CICD).Methods:  In a case–control study, 9 polymorphisms in the genes coding for interleukin (IL)‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐8, IL‐10, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α were determined in 197 patients with CICD. 217 apprentices in vocational training for high‐risk occupations for CICD served as controls.Results:  For all polymorphisms, no differences in genotype distributions were found between patients and controls. However, in patients with self‐reported low levels of wet work and irritant exposure, more TNFA −308 variant genotypes (G/A and A/A) were present compared with those exposed to higher levels or controls, which indicates a TNFA‐induced increase of susceptibility. In patients with TNFA −308 variant genotypes, the prevalence of flexural eczema was higher (48% and 57%) compared with that in patients presented with wild‐type genotype (30%). Regarding IL1A −889, prevalence of symptoms of dermatitis was lower in apprentices with T/T or C/T genotype (32% and 36%) compared with wild‐type genotype (54%, C/C). This indicates a protective effect of these variant alleles in acquiring hand dermatitis.Conclusions:  This study provides evidence that some genetic variations alter susceptibility to (chronic) dermatitis. Knowledge of the impact of genetic differences on the risk of CICD is essential in predictive testing of individuals at risk.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Presence of Antisperm Antibodies Reactive with Peptide Epitopes of FA‐1 and YLP12 in Sera of Immunoinfertile Women
Authors: Williams Jessica , Samuel Arthur , Naz Rajesh K. 
Published: April 2008

ProblemRecent studies in several laboratories are focused on delineating sperm antigens that are relevant to fertility and examining involvement of antibodies to these antigens in human immunoinfertility. Our laboratory has characterized two such antigens, namely fertilization antigen (FA‐1) and YLP12 dodecamer sequence that are involved in sperm‐oocyte binding. The present study was conducted to examine the occurrence of isoantibodies to various peptide epitopes of human and murine FA‐1 antigen and YLP12 peptide in sera of immunoinfertile and fertile women.Method of studySera from 67 immunoinfertile and 19 fertile women were collected. Various peptides based up on human and murine FA‐1 antigen and YLP12 were synthesized, and examined for immunoreactivity with these sera by using ELISA. Four immunodominant sequences, two each from human (hFA‐182‐97aa and hFA‐1200‐219aa) and mouse (mFA‐12‐19aa and mFA‐1117‐136aa) FA‐1 antigen, were selected for the present study. Another human FA‐1 sequence, hFA‐1220‐240aa, that was not in the immunodominant region was used as a control.ResultsFor human FA‐1 peptides, 41.8% of the immunoinfertile sera reacted positively (≥2 SD units) with hFA‐182‐97aa, 24.6% (16/65) with hFA‐1200‐219aa, and 3% (2/66) with hFA‐1220‐240aa peptide. For two murine FA‐1 peptides, 41.7% (25/60) of the immunoinfertile sera reacted positively with mFA‐12‐19aa, and 41.5% (27/65) with mFA‐1117‐136aa peptide. For the YLP12 dodecamer peptide, 43.3% (29/67) of the immunoinfertile sera reacted positively. None of the sera from fertile women reacted positively with any of these peptides.ConclusionIn conclusion, our data indicate that the immunoinfertile women have circulating isoantibodies against at least two immunodominant peptide epitopes of human and murine FA‐1 antigen and YLP12 peptide sequence. These peptides may find clinical application in the specific diagnosis and treatment of female infertility and contraceptive vaccine development.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Prevention of Spontaneous Abortion in the CBA × DBA/2 Mouse Model by Intravaginal TGF‐β and Local Recruitment of CD4+ 8+ FOXP3+ Cells
Authors: Clark David A. , Fernandez Jason , Banwatt Daljeet 
Published: April 2008

ProblemActivation of latent transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β in seminal plasma has been suggested by Robertson et al. to promote maternal tolerance to paternal antigens. A possible consequence reported by Tremellen et al. is increased pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF. A decreased spontaneous abortion rate has also been postulated. Seminal plasma contains many factors besides TGF‐β, and a critical test of the hypothesis was required. The purpose of the present study was to directly test the effect of pure TGF‐β.Method of studyPharmaceutical grade bioactive TGF‐β3 with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) carrier 0.1–1% in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) was given into the vaginal tract of CBA/J female mice at the time of mating with DBA/2 males. One microgram Salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide was given intraperitoneally to augment occult losses and spontaneous resorptions assessed on day 13.5 of pregnancy. The effect of TGF‐β3 on recruitment of lymphomyeloid cells to the vaginal wall and vaginal lumen of unmated mice in estrus was assessed using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.ResultsTwo nanogram of intravaginal TGF‐β3 in 0.1% BSA–PBS or 20 ng in 1% BSA–PBS reduced abortion rates. Protection was comparable to that achieved by immunization with BALB/c spleen cells. Fraction V BSA, a binder of TGF‐βs, had some activity, and could reduce availability of added TGF‐β3. CD11c dendritic cells, CD3+ T cells, and CD25+ cells were recruited to the vaginal wall by 48 hr after TGF‐β3 treatment, and cellularity of vaginal exudates increased. Foxp3+ cells were present in increased numbers, and appeared to be CD8+ and CD4+ 8+. Semen, but not TGF‐β3, stimulated a physiological polymorphonuclear leukocyte exudate.ConclusionIntravaginal bioactive TGF‐β3 can enhance success of pregnancy in vivo in an established model of abortion. The result could be explained by the independent ability of TGF‐β to promote a regulatory T‐cell response.