bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The need for a universal humanitarian order
Authors: Veuthey Michel 
Published: January 2007

PurposeWithin the context of an international conference dealing with global challenges, the Atlantic Community and the outlook for international order organized by Webster University, Geneva (Switzerland), to propose an approach to strengthening the international order by reviving the global responsibility to abide by fundamental humanitarian rules.Design/methodology/approachThe twentieth century presented a very disturbing catalog of violations of humanitarian law. In addressing the main question of the conference, namely “What are the true principles of international order today and do we need new rules and organizing principles in the future?”, the author tackles the issue from the international humanitarian law perspective and suggests various instruments (formal and informal) for enhancing the protection of human dignity.FindingsA global responsibility to abide by fundamental humanitarian rules may be revived through positive law and judicial mechanisms, but also through a new respect for human life, a return to universal values found in all civilizations, religions and traditions, and through a new humanitarian order based on the core concept of humanity.Originality/valueThis paper suggests that it is through a combination of existing legal and humanitarian instruments, and not just one, that the international order can be strengthened.
Imitative terrorism: a diagnostic framework for identifying catalysts and designing interventions
Authors: Pech Richard J. , Slade Bret W. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeModern society has found its nemesis in the terrorist, fundamentalist criminals attempting to halt progress and force society back into the Dark Ages. This article aims to build on the work of Pech, arguing that many acts of terrorism are rooted in mimicry of acts of violence.Design/methodology/approachThe article argues that the number of terrorist copying behaviours can be reduced through the concept of memetic engineering, which is the altering of the message that motivates terrorists and the copying of their violent activities. A model is developed for identifying and re‐engineering vulnerable constructs within the terrorist's causal algorithm.FindingsThis terrorist algorithm can be modified by: eliminating media portrayal of terrorists as freedom fighters and heroes; minimising potential causes of disinhibition; editing the terrorist's script that initiates and engenders empathy with violent acts; reconstructing the religious, cultural, and environmental support for violence as an acceptable means of communication, protest, and negotiation; reducing factors that facilitate susceptibility to the terror meme, identifying and moderating influences that initiate a state of cognitive priming for violence, and weaken the appeal of the terror meme. Introduces a diagnostic model for assessing key elements responsible for creating and sustaining terror memes.Originality/valueThe article describes an original and radically different approach to responding to terrorism. Essentially this means re‐engineering toxic scripts, using the mass media to moderate fundamentalist messages, re‐engineering of scaffolds that maintain some societies in cultural empathy with acts of violence, and the removal of environmental factors that enable terrorism to emerge.
Attract, retain and innovate: a workforce policy architecture adapted to modern conditions
Authors: Jorgensen Bradley 
Published: January 2007

PurposeProposes the adoption of six strategic objectives around which to build a workforce policy architecture for the future.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from a review of the literature, this paper investigates a workforce policy response to emerging social and demographic trends, forecast workforce shortages, ongoing and rapid change, the growth in complexity and the changing nature of work.FindingsA workforce model that supports organizational growth and development, characterised by attributes that are associated with knowledge society work is proposed. These include: trends that alter the balance of the social structure; social and human capital growth; lifelong learning; a policy emphasis on the self; workplace flexibility; and the development of an organizational identity as a preferred corporate employer.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of this paper are significant for large Australian public sector organizations.Originality/valueThis paper provides an integrated workforce management framework for dealing with emergent trends. The findings in this paper are of value to Australian public sector human resource executives.
Transport in Europe: where are we going?
Authors: May Graham H. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the future development of the transport sector in Europe.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on published sources of information and some expert views, the paper considers trends, drivers of change, possible scenarios and policy issues.FindingsTransport demand for passengers and goods has grown consistently in the past and is expected to continue to do so in the future. Existing policies are unlikely to modify this trend or alleviate existing problems.Research limitations/implicaionsThe paper is based on existing sources.Practical implicationsDecisions in a wide range of policy fields have implications for transport, which are seldom considered.Originality/valueQuestions the sustainability of continuing growth in transport demand and the adequacy of current policy.
What's wrong with competition policy in new media?
Authors: Marsden Chris , Tambini Damian 
Published: January 2007

PurposeAims to introduce the special issue “What's wrong with competition policy in new media?” which is based on a series of seminars given in January‐March 2005 at Oxford University's Programme in Comparative Media Law and Policy.Design/methodology/approachDiscusses the papers included in this special issue.FindingsReveals that when it comes to the framework for commercial broadcasting, the position of publicly funded broadcasters, and various forms of state aid, some posit a future of deregulation in which communications are eventually treated as markets like any other, while others argue that many of the public policy objectives in the sector will require permanent sector specific regulation, and even that the competition framework currently being implemented should be subordinated to citizen not consumer interestsOriginality/valueThe lessons from the contributors are applicable to overall European policy.
Free, open or closed – approaches to the information ecology
Authors: Marsden Christopher T. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to analyze the key structural changes required for an effective competitive new media market via digital transmission. It also aims to explain the institutional obstacles to achievement of broadband deployment in Western nations by reference to East Asia's success.Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies major trends and demonstrates evolving competition principles in the European Union media sector by discussing cases and literature in the deployment of broadband content and carriage.FindingsThe paper finds primarily that institutional barriers to reform of competition in both broadband and copyright fields create bottlenecks in any policy reform process. It goes on to consider models that have succeeded, in peer‐to‐peer content, cable and satellite television content, mobile telecommunications and East Asia, concluding that reform in fixed broadband is unlikely in the near‐term.Originality/valuePolicy discussion in copyright and telecommunications needs to be broadened to consider structural flaws in the institutions that govern these regimes. The paper takes a broad Northian view of institutions to encompass governance via markets, state and society in order to provide this view.
Broadcasting, universal service and the communications package
Authors: Woods Lorna 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to assess whether the ECS succeeds in respecting the needs of broadcast content, especially given its accepted importance by the European Union and the member states for society at a social, political, educational and cultural level.Design/methodology/approachThe article looks at the issue of access to broadcast content from the perspective of the viewer or citizen. In doing so, the article focuses on specific provisions in the ECS which aim to ensure access to infrastructure: Articles 5 and 6 Access Directive and Article 31 Universal Service Directive and questions whether these provisions provide sufficiently for a diverse range of broadcast content.FindingsThe paper concludes that protection awarded is focussed more on market considerations than non‐economic considerations and that citizens' interests, as opposed to those of the consumer, are not adequately protected.Originality/valueThis paper considers the telecommunications framework from a broadcasting perspective in some detail; most analyses of this legislation emphasise competition law issues in a telecommunications framework.
Competition policy and regulatory style – issues for OFCOM
Authors: Gibbons Thomas 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo examine whether OFCOM's Public Service Broadcasting Review has responded adequately to the contestable values entailed in this dimension of media policy.Design/methodology/approachAnalysis of OFCOM's premises and reasoning, in particular its use of competition language, to test the implications for its statutory requirement to maintain and strengthen public service broadcasting.FindingsOFCOM adopts a utilitarian approach when discussing normative issues relating to culture and media values. This is inappropriate in itself, but also reflects a desire to narrow the scope of its remit.Originality/valueThe paper challenges the current regulatory style of OFCOM and points to problems that need to be rectified for its legislative mandate properly to be fulfilled.
Experimental assessment of an innovation knowledge system for decision support
Authors: Nissen Mark E. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeToday, a second generation of computer‐based innovation tools employs knowledge systems technology to automate and support key intellectual activities required for effective process design. But a central question remains as to the effectiveness of innovation through such knowledge systems. The research described in this paper is focused on testing the effectiveness of knowledge‐based process‐innovation systems.Design/methodology/approachOne such system called “KOPeR‐lite” is employed as a platform for experimentation to assess the relative efficacy of process designs generated by people using this tool versus that of designs developed by people without it.FindingsPerforming in a decision‐support role, KOPeR‐lite helps people to perform comparatively well in certain respects, but human subjects without this tool outperform their KOPeR‐lite‐supported counterparts in others.Originality/valueThe results provide evidence to support some claims of innovation efficacy through knowledge systems, and they offer insight into the relative strengths and weaknesses of knowledge systems in the innovation domain. This study further opens up new lines of research and highlights implications for process design and practice, including issues associated with leading adoption of knowledge system technology and extension of innovation‐support systems such as KOPeR‐lite.
Towards IS supported coordination in emergent business processes
Authors: Marjanovic Olivera 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to investigate information system (IS) supported coordination in knowledge‐intensive business processes. These are business processes that cannot be pre‐defined as their models evolve during process execution from the accumulated experience. Consequently, these processes require a high level of knowledge‐sharing, collection and reuse among all participants in the process.Design/methodology/approachThe paper offers a critical analysis of the main limitations of workflow technology that is widely considered to be the leading process‐oriented, coordination technology. It illustrates why this technology cannot be used to support coordination in knowledge‐intensive business processes. The paper then identifies a number of requirements for possible IS support.FindingsThe main conclusion of this paper is that coordination in knowledge‐intensive processes is, in fact, a knowledge‐intensive process itself, and as such it cannot be fully pre‐defined. Therefore, automation of this process is neither desirable nor possible.Practical implicationsEach IS requirement, proposed in this paper, identifies a number of further research and implementation challenges related to support of knowledge‐intensive business process. They will be of interest to researchers and practitioners both in the fields of business process management as well as knowledge management.Originality/valueIn essence, this paper argues that knowledge‐intensive business processes require fundamentally different coordination support from what is currently available in the area of business process support. This paper shifts the main emphasis from process automation to IS support for situated decision‐making.
Synchronous design of business processes and information systems using dynamic process modelling
Authors: Giaglis George M. , Hlupic Vlatka , de Vreede Gert‐Jan , Verbraeck Alexander 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper investigates the potential of dynamic process modelling as an approach for addressing the problem of information systems (ISs) evaluation in the context of organisational change.Design/methodology/approachA real‐life case study is discussed, showing how dynamic simulation models that incorporate the effects of a proposed IS on existing business processes can help analysts and decision makers arrive at more informed choices for system design and evaluation.FindingsBased on the case findings, we postulate that the design and implementation of organisational systems could be augmented by the development of dynamic process models depicting business operations before and after the introduction of an IS, and the subsequent experimentation with such models to achieve maximum fit between organisational needs and system capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings imply that dynamic process modelling may be of help in the endeavour of developing ISs that are aligned with the overall business strategy and objectives.Originality/valueShows how dynamic simulation models that incorporate the effects of a proposed IS on existing business processes can help analysts and decision makers arrive at more informed choices for system design and evaluation.
Examining the relationship between business process improvement initiatives, information systems integration and customer focus: an empirical study
Authors: Bhatt Ganesh D. , Troutt Marvin D. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe goal is to examine the relationship between business process improvement initiatives (BPII), information systems (ISs) integration, and customer focus.Design/methodology/approachThe data for the study were collected at the divisional levels from a list of “Fortune 500” firms. A total of 1,100 questionnaires were mailed to divisional managers and 115 responses were used for the data analysis.FindingsThe results of this study support the hypotheses that BPII directly affects customer responsiveness and product/service innovation. In addition, data integration and communication networks flexibility are found to significantly affect customer responsiveness and product/service innovation. Communication networks connectivity did not have any significant effect on customer responsiveness and product/service innovation, respectively. Data integration, intrafirm networks connectivity and networks flexibility are found to significantly mediate the relationship between BPII and customer responsiveness and BPII and product/service development, respectively. Interfirm networks connectivity was not found to significantly mediate the relationship between BPII and customer responsiveness and BPII and product/service development, respectively.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample consists of divisions ofFortune500 firms. Second, the study is cross‐sectional; therefore, it lacks the predictive power to find the long‐term effects of BPII and IS integration on customer focus. A longitudinal study can be a future research endeavor to validate the results of the study.Originality/valueTo business managers, the study clarifies the role of IS integration in customer focus.
Improving performance of customer‐processes with knowledge management
Authors: Bueren Adrian , Schierholz Ragnar , Kolbe Lutz M. , Brenner Walter 
Published: January 2007

PurposeProcesses in customer relationship management (CRM) are classified as knowledge‐intensive processes. This paper seeks to provide a framework for knowledge management (KM) support of CRM processes and to show how this framework was applied in three action research cases.Design/methodology/approachIn a long‐term cooperation with several leading companies the authors developed a framework for customer knowledge management (CKM) and applied this framework in several action research cases. Additionally, further case studies have been conducted which support the framework. A selection of three action research cases is presented.FindingsSix core processes of CRM and four building blocks of KM to support these processes we identified. Each of these cases demonstrates the application of the framework and the implementation of the appropriate subset of CKM.Research limitations/implicationsThe cases support the CKM model. All cases presented here come from the financial services industry, thus the framework still needs to be applied in other industry segments as well.Practical implicationsThe cases evaluate the applicability, utility and efficacy of the CKM framework and show how it can help to make managerial decisions concerning the KM support of CRM processes.Originality/valueThe paper provides a framework classifying the processes in CRM and the KM building blocks to support these processes. To researchers it provides an evaluation of the presented framework and shows potential fields for further research. It also gives practical advice to managers who plan CRM initiatives.
Expert view
Authors: Kueng Peter 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to improve business processes.Design/methodology/approachDescribes various steps needed to improve business processes and the goals required at each step.FindingsThe steps required are: what goals should the process meet? How do we model the goals? How do we map the goals in the (IT) system? How do the goals influence the IT execution? Which goals have been achieved? Must we adjust the process, the goals, or both?Originality/valueExplains the power of goal‐based processes.
A strategy driven business process modelling approach
Authors: Nurcan Selmin , Etien Anne , Kaabi Rim , Zoukar Iyad , Rolland Colette 
Published: January 2007

PurposeMost of the process models concentrate on who does what, when, i.e. on the description of the operational performance of tasks. The goal driven approaches try to establish a close relationship between the “whys” and the “whats”. The former captures the strategic goals of the organisation whereas the latter tells us how they are achieved through tasks carried out by actors. In addition, managers do not naturally make the distinction between what to achieve (the goal) and the manner to achieve it (the strategy). This confusion often leads to the expression of manners as goals. In order to make clear the fundamental distinction between these two concerns and to master the complexity of process modelling, this paper seeks to propose a goal‐perspective, the map‐driven process modelling approach.Design/methodology/approachThe map representation system conforms to goal models in the fact that it recognises the concept of a goal but departs from those by introducing the concept of strategy to attain a goal.FindingsA business and its supporting system change in a concurrent way. In order to help the propagation of the intentional changes onto operational ones, we adopted the two levels hierarchical spiral process model. The intentional spiral deals with the production of the business process models using the map formalism and the operational one deals with the specifications of the supporting systems.Originality/valueA business process is defined in terms of goals and strategies of reaching these goals. The approach allows choosing an appropriate level of details when analysing and redesigning business processes.
On the notion of soft‐goals in business process modeling
Authors: Soffer Pnina , Wand Yair 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe paper aims at providing a conceptual framework based on clearly defined concepts and notions, which integrates goals into process modeling and specifically distinguishes goals from soft‐goals or business measures. The application of this framework facilitates a systematic use of soft‐goals in process design.Design/methodology/approachThe framework is developed on the basis of Bunge's well‐established ontology. It is applied to processes taken from the SCOR supply chain reference model for demonstration and evaluation.FindingsApplying the framework to the SCOR processes resulted in a set of focused relations between soft‐goals and processes, as opposed to the ones suggested originally in the SCOR model. This demonstrates the usefulness of the framework in process design.Research limitations/implicationsThe approach presented in the paper is still rather a theoretical framework than a fully validated procedure. It should be tested on larger‐scale cases in more practical settings and evaluated accordingly.Practical implicationsApplying the clearly defined concepts of the framework and the suggested analysis procedure is expected to lead to focused and applicable measures tied to business process during process design, and provide a basis for process measurement requirements to be supported by an information system.Originality/valueThe contribution of the paper is both theoretical and practical. It provides clear‐cut ontology‐based definitions to concepts which so far have been assigned fuzzy and ambiguous meaning and uses these definitions for systematically tying business measures to business processes.