bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inheritance and linkage analysis of co-dominant SSR markers on the Z chromosome of the silkworm (Bombyx moriL.)
Authors: MIAO XUE-XIA , LI WEI-HUA , LI MU-WANG , ZHAO YUN-PO , GUO XIAN-RU , HUANG YONG-PING 
Published: May 2008

SummaryMicrosatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are co-dominant molecular markers. When we used fluorescent SSR markers to construct a linkage map for the female heterogametic silkworm (Bombyx mori, ZW), we found that some loci did not segregate in a Mendelian ratio of 1:1 in a backcross population. These loci segregated in a 3:1 ratio of single bands compared with double bands. Further examination of band patterns indicated that three types of SSR bands were present: two homozygotes and one heterozygote. In the beginning, we considered to discard these markers. By scoring male and female F1individuals, we confirmed that these loci were located on the Z chromosome. Using the sex-linked visible mutationsch(K05) and its wild-type (C108), we constructed an F1male backcross (BC1M) mapping population. The combination ofschbackcross and SSR data enabled us to map the SSR markers to the Z chromosome. By adjusting input parameters based on these data, we were able to use Mapmaker software to construct a linkage map. This strategy takes advantage of co-dominant markers for positional cloning of genes on the Z chromosome. We localizedschto the Z chromosome relative to six SSR markers and one PCR marker, covering a total of 76·1 cM. Theschmutation is an important sex-linked visible mutation widely used in breeding of commercial silkworms (e.g. male silkworm selection rearing). Localization of theschgene may prove helpful in cloning the gene and developing strains for marker-assisted selection in silkworm breeding.
Bayesian analysis of quantitative traits using skewed distributions
Authors: VARONA L. , IBAÑEZ-ESCRICHE N. , QUINTANILLA R. , NOGUERA J. L. , CASELLAS J. 
Published: May 2008

SummaryStatistical models for genetic evaluation often make use of Gaussian distributions. However, some new statistical developments allow the use of an asymmetric distribution for the residuals. Within this context, we analysed three different patterns for the residual term on a data set consisting of 63 208 litter-size records, belonging to 19 255 sows, with a pedigree including 27 911 individuals. The three different residual distributions were: (1) Gaussian distribution, (2) asymmetric Gaussian distribution and (3) asymmetric Gaussian distribution with a hierarchical scheme for the asymmetry parameter. The operational model always included order of parity and herd-year-season as systematic effects, and the permanent environmental and infinitesimal genetic effect of each sow as random effects. The most suitable model using the deviance information criterion (DIC) and posterior predictive checking was model 3. This implies systematic, additive genetic and permanent environmental control of both litter size and the asymmetry parameter of the residual distribution. The asymmetry parameter can be understood as a measure of sensitivity to negative (or positive) environmental influences on phenotypes. The posterior mean (standard deviation) of the additive genetic variance was 0·28 (0·06) for litter size and 0·07 (0·01) for the asymmetry parameter. The posterior mean (standard deviation) of the additive genetic correlation between litter size and the asymmetry parameter was 0·21 (0·07).
Chronic sinusitis and bilateral deafness as a presentation of oesophageal stent failure: case report
Authors: Al-Zahid S , Clarke J , Roberts C 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjective:We report an extremely rare upper airway complication of oesophageal stent failure.Case report:A 58-year-old woman presented four months after having a covered (anti-reflux valve type) oesophageal stent placed for a benign oesophageal stricture. Abdominal radiography showed a broken fragment at the gastroesophageal junction and another fragment in the rectum. On presentation, the patient had pneumonia with sepsis which required intensive care management. After recovery, she developed sinus symptoms of facial pain, green nasal discharge and bilateral hearing loss. ENT review revealed bilateral otitis media with effusion. Flexible naso-endoscopy found a stent fragment lodged in the nasopharynx. The wire mesh fragment was removed under general anaesthetic and bilateral grommets inserted. The patient's symptoms resolved.Conclusions:To our knowledge, this is the first report in the world literature of a broken and migrated oesophageal stent presenting with chronic sinusitis and bilateral hearing loss. This case highlights the importance of examining the upper airways in such cases, and the need for further, long term studies of the complications of metallic, expandable stents.
Kaiy as traditional therapy for pain: is it helpful or a myth?
Authors: Abou-Elhamd K-E A 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectives:Two cases of traditional kaiy (Arabic for cauterisation) therapy for pain are reported. This technique is unknown in western countries and should be banned following a review of the topic.Case reports:Many patients in developing countries use alternative, complementary or traditional therapies before seeking medical advice. This may be due to social or religious beliefs. Kaiy is one such traditional therapy which should be discouraged. Two cases are reported, the first with aural pain and the second with thyroid pain (with malignancy later diagnosed).Conclusion:In these days of modern health care, the practice of kaiy is not science-based and is associated with considerable health risks. Health authorities in the relevant societies should move towards banning this undesirable practice; they should also use multi-media health education to advise of its dangerous outcomes, and enlist the help of community religious leaders to change public opinion and belief.
Oesophageal perforation following ingestion of over-the-counter ibuprofen capsules
Authors: Singh N P , Rizk J G 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjective:We present a rare case of oesophageal perforation following ingestion of over-the-counter ibuprofen capsules.Method:Case report and literature review of pill oesophagitis.Case report:A previously well, 18-year-old man presented with sudden onset, severe, retrosternal pain, dysphagia and odynophagia following ingestion of over-the-counter ibuprofen capsules. Plain X-ray films and a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan indicated the diagnosis. The patient was successfully treated with non-operative management.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first report in the world literature concerning oesophageal perforation with ibuprofen. We discuss pill-induced oesophageal injury and its prevention. Manufacturers, clinicians and patients can all take steps to avoid this potentially life-threatening complication.
Global models of the magnetic Sun
Authors: Brun Allan Sacha , Jouve Laurène 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe briefly present recent simulations of the internal magnetism of the Sun with the 3-D ASH code and with the 2-D STELEM code. The intense magnetism of the Sun is linked to local and global dynamo action within our star. We focus our study on how magnetohydrodynamical processes in stable (radiative) or unstable (convective) zones, nonlinearly interact to establish the solar differential rotation, meridional circulation, confine the tachocline, amplify and organise magnetic fields and how magnetic flux emerge to the surface. We also test the robustness of flux transport dynamo models to various profiles of circulation.
On phase relation between toroidal and poloidal magnetic fields in the solar cycle 23
Authors: Zharkov S. I. , Gavryuseva Elena , Zharkova Valentyna V. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPhase relations is extracted at different latitudes between the weak background solar magnetic (poloidal) field and strong magnetic field associated with sunspots (toroidal field) by comparing low-resolution images from Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) and the high-resolution SOHO/MDI magnetograms. Sunspot areas and excess flux in all latitudinal zones (averaged with a sliding 1 year filter) reveal a strong positive correlation with the absolute and excess solar magnetic fields with a timelag of zero and ∼ 3 years. The residuals of a sunspot magnetic excess flux averaged by one year from those by 4 years are shown to have well defined periodic temporal and spatial structures. The periods of these structures are close to π/4 (π≈ 11 years). The structures have maxima at −40^ and +40^ and reveal spatial drifts with time either towards the equator or the poles depending on a latitude of sunspot occurences.
The nature of seismic sources associated with a proton-reach solar flare
Authors: Zharkova Valentyna V. , Zharkov Serhij I. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe momenta and start times measured from the TD diagrams in 3 seismic sources observed in the flare of 28 October 2003 are compared with those delivered to the photosphere by different kinds of high energy particles as well as by the hydrodynamic shocks caused by these particles. The energetic protons with energy power laws combined with quasi-thermal ones are shown to form hydrodynamic shocks deeply in a flaring atmosphere which deliver the required momentum to the photosphere within a measured timescale. The seismic waves observed in two sources associated with γ-rays can be explained by the momenta produced by hydrodynamic shocks caused by mixed proton beams and jets. The seismic wave in the source asociated with HXR only and delayed by 4 and 2 minutes from the first and second HXR bursts is likely to be associated with a hydrodynamic shock occurring from precipitation of a very powerful and hard electron beam possibly mixed with quasi-thermal lower energy protons.
P-mode leakage and Lyman-α intensity
Authors: Finsterle W. , Haberreiter M. , Kosovichev S. , Schmutz W. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe present an observational test of the hypothesis that leaking p modes heat the solar chromosphere. The amplitude of the leaking p modes in magneto-acoustic portals is determined using MOTH and MDI data. We simulate the propagation of these modes into the chromosphere to determine the height where the wave energy is dissipated by shock waves. A statistical approach is then used to check if this heating process could account for the observed variability of the intensity in the Lyman-α emission.
Heating and dynamics of the quiet solar chromosphere
Authors: Kalkofen Wolfgang 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe quiet solar chromosphere in regions with negligible magnetic field is believed to be heated by acoustic waves. But their energy flux, measured in the upper photosphere with the Transition Region And Coronal Explorer (TRACE), has been found to be insufficient to account for the radiative emission from the chromosphere. Wedemeyer-Böhm et al. (2007) and Cuntz et al. (2007), employing a 3D hydrodynamical model by Wedemeyer et al. (2004), have proposed that the spatial resolution of TRACE is inadequate to resolve intensity fluctuations that occur on small spatial scales. This paper accepts the principle of spatial averaging by TRACE as a qualitative explanation for the low acoustic flux but finds that the hydrodynamical model is too much simplified in the treatment of radiative energy exchange to provide a quantitative measure of the suppression of the fluctuations. The heating mechanism of the chromosphere thus remains an open question.
Magneto-seismology: effect of inhomogeneous magnetic field on transversal coronal loop oscillations
Authors: Verth G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) imagers onboard the planned Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and Solar Orbiter (SO) will offer us the best chance yet of using observations of post-flare loop oscillations to probe the fine structure of the corona. Recently developed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave theory has shown that the properties of loop oscillations depend on their plasma fine structure. Up to this point, many studies have concentrated solely on the effect of plasma density stratification on coronal loop oscillations. In this paper we develop MHD wave theory which models the effect of an inhomogeneous magnetic field on coronal loop oscillations. The results have the potential to be used in testing the efficacy of photospheric magnetic field extrapolations and have important implications regarding magneto-seismology of the corona.
Influence of longitudinal structure in the fast modes of prominence threads
Authors: Díaz A. J. , Oliver R. , Ballester J. L. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractRecent high-resolution observations have pointed out that prominences are made of small threads (also named fibrils) piled up to form the body of the prominence. These fine structures also seem to support their own oscillatory modes, while their effect on the global modes of the prominences are less certain. We study the effect of adding a smooth transition layer between the prominence material and the corona along the magnetic field line, since previous studies have considered a jump in density in this interface. Then we compare the results with previous models and check that these transition layers do not affect significantly the periods of the modes.
Exploring short period oscillations in filaments
Authors: Kolobov D. Y. , Kobanov N. I. , Chupin S. A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe authors analyse sources of false Doppler velocity signals of high frequencies (10 mHz and higher) in observations of filaments. In ground-based observations, spectrograph noise and image shifting at the spectrograph entrance slit are the main causes of the false signal. It is shown that using differential methods and telluric lines as reference lines significantly reduces the influence of the first factor. Periodical image shifting along the spectrograph slit can be compensated for during data reduction. In some cases detected high-frequency oscillations appear to be real.
Integrated approach to the coronal heating problem
Authors: Taroyan Y. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractSolving the coronal heating problem involves dealing with a number of theoretical and observational steps. These include designing instruments, deriving required observables from observations, developing theories and finding the unique footprints of theoretical models. Each of these steps poses its unique challenges to theoreticians and observers. It is important to treat the heating problem in an integrated manner, whereby each component of the problem is treated in its relationship to the other parts rather than in isolation. The paper presents a brief review of recent developments in the field with an emphasis on forward modeling and inversion which play a central role in solving the heating problem by providing the necessary interaction between theories and observations.
Evolution of Alfvén wave-driven solar winds to red giants
Authors: Suzuki Takeru K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this talk we introduce our recent results of global 1D MHD simulations for the acceleration of solar and stellar winds. We impose transverse photospheric motions corresponding to the granulations, which generate outgoing Alfvén waves. The Alfvén waves effectively dissipate by 3-wave coupling and direct mode conversion to compressive waves in density-stratified atmosphere. We show that the coronal heating and the solar wind acceleration in the open magnetic field regions are natural consequence of the footpoint fluctuations of the magnetic fields at the surface (photosphere). We also discuss winds from red giant stars driven by Alfvén waves, focusing on different aspects from the solar wind. We show that red giants wind are highly structured with intermittent magnetized hot bubbles embedded in cool chromospheric material.
Gaussian pulse propagation in coronal loops
Authors: Mendoza-Briceño César A. , Sigalotti Leonardo Di G. , Guerra Jordan A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe study the linear evolution of a Gaussian pulse injected at different locations along a one-dimensional (1D), hot (T ≥ 6.3 MK) coronal loop, including the dissipative effects of thermal conduction, viscosity, heating, and radiative cooling. We consider both homogeneous and stratified loops of different lengths (50 ≤ L ≤ 400 Mm) and values of the pulse width (or standard deviation, βg/L) between 0.005 and 0.02. We find that a Gaussian velocity pulse can generate propagating waves whose amplitudes increase with increasing width of the pulse. The shape of the waves is quite irregular owing to the superposition of the several harmonics composing the Gaussian pulse. Wave damping due to the combined effects of thermal conduction and viscosity is faster in the shortest and hottest loops. The decay times and periods of the waves are within the observed values of decaying modes of hot SUMER loop oscillations.
A minimal model of parallel electric field generation in a transversely inhomogeneous plasma
Authors: Tsiklauri David 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe generation of parallel electric fields by the propagation of ion cyclotron waves (with frequency 0.3 ωci) in the plasma with a transverse density inhomogeneity was studied. Using two-fluid, cold plasma linearised equations, it was shown for the first time that, in this particular context, E∥ generation can be understood by an analytic equation that couples E∥ to the transverse electric field of the driving ion cyclotron wave. It was proven that the minimal model required to reproduce the previous kinetic simulation results of E∥ generation [Tsiklauri et al 2005, Génot et al 2004] is the two-fluid, cold plasma approximation in the linear regime. By considering the numerical solutions it was also shown that the cause of E∥ generation is the electron and ion flow separation induced by the transverse density inhomogeneity. We also investigate how E∥ generation is affected by the mass ratio and found that amplitude attained by E∥ decreases linearly as inverse of the mass ratio mi/me. For realistic mass ratio of mi/me=1836, such empirical scaling law, within a time corresponding to 3 periods of the driving ion cyclotron wave, is producing E∥=14 Vm−1 for solar coronal parameters. Increase in mass ratio does not have any effect on final parallel (magnetic field aligned) speed attained by electrons. However, parallel ion velocity decreases linearly with inverse of the mass ratio mi/me. These results can be interpreted as following: (i) ion dynamics plays no role in the E∥ generation; (ii) E∥ ∝ 1/mi scaling is caused by the fact that ωd = 0.3 ωci ∝ 1/mi is decreasing with the increase of ion mass, and hence the electron fluid can effectively “short-circuit” (recombine with) the slowly oscillating ions, hence producing smaller E∥.
Overview of XRT performance and first results
Authors: Savcheva Antonia ,   the XRT Team
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this review we present a short introduction to the X-ray Telescope on Hinode. We discuss its capabilities and new features and compare it with Yohkoh SXT. We also discuss some of the first results that include observations of X-ray jets in coronal holes, shear change in flares, sigmoid eruptions and evolution, application of filter ratios and differential emission measure analysis, structure of active regions, fine structure of X-ray bright points, and modeling non-potential fields around filaments. Finally, we describe how XRT works with other ground and space-based instrumentation, in particular with TRACE, EIS, SOT, and SOLIS.
Damping of hydromagnetic waves by bulk viscosity
Authors: Ibáñez S. M. H. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIt was shown in a previous paper (Ibáñez 2004) that for certain kind of plasmas the coefficient of second (bulk) viscosity can be orders of magnitude larger than the coefficients corresponding to the dynamical viscosity and to the thermometric conductivity. In the present paper, the damping effects of the second viscosity on the hydromagnetic waves propagation are analyzed. In particular, we study the effect of the second viscosity on the magnetoacustic waves propagating in a photoionized gas of arbitrary metallicity Z and mean energy E of the ionizing photons when an initial steady magnetic field H is present.
Qualitative analysis of wave propagation in a 3-D magnetic flux tube
Authors: Jaimes C. , Fedun V. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this work wave propagation in a 3-D magnetic flux tube is solved numerically. The aim is to find interaction between kink waves and higher order modes (flute modes).A 60x60x60 cube is set up, containing a vertically oriented uniform magnetic flux tube, to solve numerically. Waves are observed propagating after triggering them with solution to the linearized system.The waves propagate acquiring a distinctive shape (seen in the crosscut of the tube at an arbitrary height showing the radial velocity maps). It is discarded that this is caused by the existence of higher order modes and is found that the radial dependence of the phase speed creates the motion.It was also found that the study of the profile of the radial velocity map of a slice of the system is a very intuitive way of analysing the modes of waves propagating through the flux tube.
Twisting flux tubes as a cause of micro-flaring activity
Authors: Jess D. B. , McAteer R. T. J. , Mathioudakis M. , Keenan F. P. , Andic A. , Bloomfield D. S. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHigh-cadence optical observations of an H-α blue-wing bright point near solar AR NOAA 10794 are presented. The data were obtained with the Dunn Solar Telescope at the National Solar Observatory/Sacramento Peak using a newly developed camera system, the rapid dual imager. Wavelet analysis is undertaken to search for intensity-related oscillatory signatures, and periodicities ranging from 15 to 370 s are found with significance levels exceeding 95%. During two separate microflaring events, oscillation sites surrounding the bright point are observed to twist. We relate the twisting of the oscillation sites to the twisting of physical flux tubes, thus giving rise to reconnection phenomena. We derive an average twist velocity of 8.1 km/s and detect a peak in the emitted flux between twist angles of 180° and 230°.
A Pediatric Weight Management Program for High‐risk Populations: A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Skelton Joseph A. , DeMattia Laure G. , Flores Glenn 
Published: May 2008

Objective: To determine whether a multidisciplinary pediatric weight management program effectively improves BMI, BMI z‐score, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in high‐risk populations.Methods and Procedures: A retrospective chart review was performed on children seen in the NEW Kids Program at the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, a family‐based clinic that treats pediatric obesity using medical management, nutrition education, behavioral intervention, and physical activity. Inclusion criteria were program participation for ≥9 months and >4 visits. Analyses were performed to identify factors associated with pre‐ to postintervention changes in BMI, BMI z‐score, and CVRF laboratory values.Results: A total of 66 patients met inclusion criteria; the mean age was 11 years (s.d. ± 3.4), 56% were racial/ethnic minorities, 45% were Medicaid recipients, 48% resided in impoverished communities, and 38% had a BMI ≥40 kg/m2. Of the 66 patients, 91% had more than one weight‐related comorbidity, 88% had CVRFs, and the preintervention mean BMI was 37 kg/m2. After the intervention, there was an overall increase in absolute BMI, but a small, yet significant decrease in BMI z‐score (mean −0.03 ± 0.16; P < 0.05). There were significant pregroup to postgroup improvements in total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, and triglycerides levels (P < 0.05). Insurance coverage, race/ethnicity, gender, age, and initial BMI were not significantly associated with changes in BMI or BMI z‐score.Discussion: A multidisciplinary pediatric weight management program can improve the weight status of high‐risk populations, including minorities, Medicaid recipients, patients with multiple comorbidities and CVRFs, and the severely obese.