bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for SSW Triggered Q6DW‐Tide and Q6DW‐Gravity Wave Interactions Observed by Meteor Radars at 30°S
Authors: Qiao Zishun , Liu Alan Z. , Pedatella N. M. , Stober Gunter , Reid Iain M. , Fuentes Javier , Adami Christian L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn exceptionally strong westward propagating quasi‐6‐day wave (Q6DW) with zonal wavenumber 1 in connection with the rare 2019 Southern Hemispheric Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) is observed by two meteor radars at 30°S and is found to modulate and interact with the diurnal tide and gravity waves (GWs). The diurnal tide is amplified every 6 days and a prominent 21 hr child wave attributed to Q6DW‐diurnal tide nonlinear interaction occurs. Q6DW modulation on GWs is confirmed as the 4–5 day periodicity in GW variances. Simultaneously, the Q6DW appears to shift its period toward the periodicity of the modulated GW variances. Enhancement is also observed in the first results of meteor radar observed Q6DW Eliassen‐Palm flux, which may facilitate the global perturbation and persistence of this Q6DW. We conclude that the observed SSW triggered Q6DW‐tide and Q6DW‐GW interactions play an important role in coupling the lower atmospheric forcings to ionospheric variabilities.
Identifying the Onset Location of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) and Its Relationship With the Background Ionospheric Conditions
Authors: Ajith K. K. , Patra A. K. , Li Guozhu , Sripathi S. , Pavanchaitanya P. , Yamamoto M. , Perwitasari Septi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUsing radars and C/NOFS satellite observations we studied the spatio‐temporal evolution of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) and estimated its onset location across a wide longitudinal sector over Indian and Southeast Asian longitudes. The vertical E × B drift velocity measurements obtained from the Ion Velocity Meter (IVM) on board the C/NOFS satellite and collocated ionosonde observations were used to examine the background ionospheric conditions. Our study shows that the periodic EPBs were present in those longitudes where periodic wave structure in the E × B drift and elevated F layer were observed. In this case study, the comprehensive analysis using the observations from radars and satellite data provides a better understanding on the longitudinal preference of the EPB occurrence and its responsible background mechanisms. This understanding of the onset location and background conditions of EPBs over a large longitudinal area for an extended period can contribute to the development of accurate EPB forecasting models, which are essential to mitigate the detrimental effects of EPBs on communication and navigation systems.
On the Spatio‐Temporal Scales of the Subtropical Mode Water Formation in the South Atlantic
Authors: Sato O. T. , Polito P. S. , Dottori M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examined the changes in the ocean’s upper layer structure involved in the formation of the subtropical mode water in the South Atlantic. Here we present the results from a survey done in the region of formation between 37°W and 32°W and 34°S and 37°S from July–October 2018, using high‐resolution measurements obtained from an underwater glider. From its records, the mode water development was observed for the first time in the South Atlantic as localized chimney‐like patterns in the temperature, salinity, and potential vorticity (PV) measurements with a horizontal scale of (7 ± 2) km, associated with wintertime oceanic convective processes. Over time, these submesoscale structures tend to expand and dominate the region as a large volume of mode water. These vertical structures present highly homogeneous temperature and salinity values. The observed PV was on the order of 5.0 × 10−11 m−1 s−1, which is one order of magnitude smaller than the pre‐existent mode water at the lower layers; negative values were observed, indicating active convection. A 1‐D vertical model was used to predict the depth of the mixed layer conditioned by the surface fluxes and triggered by its changes in winter to late spring. Comparisons of the sea surface temperature measured from satellite collocated with the glider’s measurements showed a very good agreement. From this analysis, we were able to establish the decorrelation scales that characterize mode water formation. Further inspection of the glider data yielded temporal decorrelation scales indicative of convection modified by planetary rotation.
Significance of Low‐Velocity Zones on Solute Retention in Rough Fractures
Authors: Sanglas Jordi , Trinchero Paolo , Painter Scott L. , Cvetkovic Vladimir , Poteri Antti , Selroos Jan‐Olof , Zou Liangchao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNatural fractures are characterized by high internal heterogeneity. This internal variability is the cause of flow channeling, which in turn leads to contaminant transport taking place primarily along the high‐velocity channels. Mass exchange between the high‐velocity channels and the low‐velocity zones has the potential to enhance contaminant retention, due to solute diffusion into the low‐velocity zones and subsequent exposure to additional surface area for diffusion into the bordering rock matrix. Here, we derive a random walk particle tracking method for heterogeneous fractures, which includes an additional term to account for the aperture gradient. The method takes into account advection, diffusion in the fracture and matrix diffusion. The developed numerical framework is applied to assess the effect of low‐velocity zones in rough self‐affine fractures. The results show that diffusion into low‐velocity zones has a visible but modest impact on contaminant retention. The magnitude of this impact does not change considerably, regardless of whether diffusion into the rock matrix is considered in the model, and increases for a decreasing average Péclet number of the fracture.
Noise annoyance due to different sources is associated with tinnitus presence and distress in the general population
Authors: Hahad Omar , Döge Julia , Bahr-Hamm Katharina , Beutel Manfred E. , Kontohow-Beckers Konstantin , Schuster Alexander K. , Keller Karsten , Hobohm Lukas , Schmitt Volker H. , Gianicolo Emilio , Lackner Karl J. , Daiber Andreas , Wild Philipp S. , Hackenberg Berit , Münzel Thomas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The pathophysiology of tinnitus is not yet fully understood. Although there is a large amount of evidence associating traffic noise exposure with non-auditory health outcomes, there is no evidence regarding the impact of noise annoyance on auditory disorders such as tinnitus.

Objective
Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between noise annoyance due to different sources and tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.

Methods
Data of 6813 participants from a large German population-based cohort were used (Gutenberg Health Study). Participants were asked about the presence of tinnitus and how much they were bothered by it. In addition, information on annoyance from road traffic, aircraft, railways, industrial, and neighborhood noise during the day and sleep was collected through validated questionnaires.

Results
The prevalence of tinnitus was 27.3%, and the predominant sources of noise annoyance in these subjects were aircraft, neighborhood, and road traffic noise. Overall, logistic regression results demonstrated consistent positive associations between annoyance due to different noise sources and prevalent risk of tinnitus with increases in odds ratios ranging from 4 to 11% after adjustment for sex, age, and socioeconomic status. Likewise, consistent increases in odds ratios were observed for tinnitus distress in subjects with prevalent tinnitus. For instance, neighborhood noise annoyance during the sleep was associated with a 26% increase in tinnitus distress (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13; 1.39).

Impact
This is the first study investigating the association between noise annoyance and tinnitus presence and distress in a large cohort of the general population. Our results indicate consistent and positive associations between various sources of noise annoyance and tinnitus. These unprecedented findings are highly relevant as noise annoyance and tinnitus are widespread. The precise etiology and locus of tinnitus remain unknown, but excessive noise exposure is thought to be among the major causes. This study suggests that transportation and neighborhood noise levels thought merely to contribute to annoyance and non-auditory health effects may be sufficient to cause or exacerbate tinnitus.
Non-dipping blood pressure pattern is associated with cardiovascular events in a 21-year follow-up study
Authors: Lempiäinen Päivi A. , Ylitalo Antti , Huikuri Heikki , Kesäniemi Y. Antero , Ukkola Olavi H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNon-dipping blood pressure (BP) pattern is a predictor for cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality. We evaluated dipping status change and its association with incidence of non-fatal CV events in middle-aged subjects. The OPERA study was carried out during the years 1991–1993, with a follow-up study 21.7 years later. In this study, we included 452 participants with 24-h ambulatory BP measurements (ABPM) available in both surveys. The study population was divided into four groups according to the dipping pattern change: dipping–dipping (n = 152/33.6%), dipping–non-dipping (n = 198/43.8%), non-dipping–dipping (n = 20/4.4%), and non-dipping–non-dipping (n = 82/18.1%). Sixty-five participants experienced a CV event (14.4%) during the 21.7 (SD 0.8) years of follow-up. The incidence of events was highest (28%) in the non-dipping–non-dipping group, and lowest (6.6%) in the dipping–dipping group (p < 0.001). In Cox regression analyses the covariates were age, sex, total cholesterol, hypertension and use of antihypertensive medication, systolic office BP and ambulatory mean or nighttime systolic BP, as well as the change in the variables during the follow-up period. After adjustments, the association of the non-dipping–non-dipping pattern with CV events compared with the dipping–dipping pattern remained significant (HR 4.01; 95% CI 1.89–8.67, p < 0.001). In summary, non-dipping–non-dipping pattern was associated with non-fatal CV events in the long term, and the effect was independent of the conventional risk factors including office and ambulatory BP levels.
Electron beams probe quantum coherence
Authors: Talebi Nahid 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScientists have traditionally employed superimposed mutually-coherent electron beams for holography and phase retrieval of electron wavepackets. However, recent theoretical exploration delves into the interaction of superposed electron beams with the matter. This investigation aims to elucidate long-range Coulomb correlations and quantum decoherence phenomena when electrons interact with their environment.
Unveiling the methionine cycle: a key metabolic signature and NR4A2 as a methionine-responsive oncogene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jin Xing , Liu Lei , Liu Dan , Wu Jia , Wang Congcong , Wang Siliang , Wang Fengying , Yu Guanzhen , Jin Xiaoxia , Xue Yu-Wen , Jiang Dan , Ni Yan , Yang Xi , Wang Ming-Song , Wang Zhi-Wei , Orlov Yuriy L. , Jia Wei , Melino Gerry , Liu Ji-Bin , Chen Wen-Lian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignancy with notable metabolic reprogramming, yet the pivotal metabolic feature driving ESCC progression remains elusive. Here, we show that methionine cycle exhibits robust activation in ESCC and is reversely associated with patient survival. ESCC cells readily harness exogenous methionine to generate S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM), thus promoting cell proliferation. Mechanistically, methionine augments METTL3-mediated RNA m6A methylation through SAM and revises gene expression. Integrative omics analysis highlights the potent influence of methionine/SAM on NR4A2 expression in a tumor-specific manner, mediated by the IGF2BP2-dependent stabilization of methylated NR4A2 mRNA. We demonstrate that NR4A2 facilitates ESCC growth and negatively impacts patient survival. We further identify celecoxib as an effective inhibitor of NR4A2, offering promise as a new anti-ESCC agent. In summary, our findings underscore the active methionine cycle as a critical metabolic characteristic in ESCC, and pinpoint NR4A2 as a novel methionine-responsive oncogene, thereby presenting a compelling target potentially superior to methionine restriction.
Enhancement of electrocatalysis through magnetic field effects on mass transport
Authors: Vensaus Priscila , Liang Yunchang , Ansermet Jean-Philippe , Soler-Illia Galo J. A. A. , Lingenfelder Magalí 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMagnetic field effects on electrocatalysis have recently gained attention due to the substantial enhancement of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on ferromagnetic catalysts. When detecting an enhanced catalytic activity, the effect of magnetic fields on mass transport must be assessed. In this study, we employ a specifically designed magneto-electrochemical system and non-magnetic electrodes to quantify magnetic field effects. Our findings reveal a marginal enhancement in reactions with high reactant availability, such as the OER, whereas substantial boosts exceeding 50% are observed in diffusion limited reactions, exemplified by the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Direct visualization and quantification of the whirling motion of ions under a magnetic field underscore the importance of Lorentz forces acting on the electrolyte ions, and demonstrate that bubbles’ movement is a secondary phenomenon. Our results advance the fundamental understanding of magnetic fields in electrocatalysis and unveil new prospects for developing more efficient and sustainable energy conversion technologies.
Concomitant medication, comorbidity and survival in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Dumas Elise , Grandal Rejo Beatriz , Gougis Paul , Houzard Sophie , Abécassis Judith , Jochum Floriane , Marande Benjamin , Ballesta Annabelle , Del Nery Elaine , Dubois Thierry , Alsafadi Samar , Asselain Bernard , Latouche Aurélien , Espie Marc , Laas Enora , Coussy Florence , Bouchez Clémentine , Pierga Jean-Yves , Le Bihan-Benjamin Christine , Bousquet Philippe-Jean , Hotton Judicaël , Azencott Chloé-Agathe , Reyal Fabien , Hamy Anne-Sophie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBetween 30% and 70% of patients with breast cancer have pre-existing chronic conditions, and more than half are on long-term non-cancer medication at the time of diagnosis. Preliminary epidemiological evidence suggests that some non-cancer medications may affect breast cancer risk, recurrence, and survival. In this nationwide cohort study, we assessed the association between medication use at breast cancer diagnosis and survival. We included 235,368 French women with newly diagnosed non-metastatic breast cancer. In analyzes of 288 medications, we identified eight medications positively associated with either overall survival or disease-free survival: rabeprazole, alverine, atenolol, simvastatin, rosuvastatin, estriol (vaginal or transmucosal), nomegestrol, and hypromellose; and eight medications negatively associated with overall survival or disease-free survival: ferrous fumarate, prednisolone, carbimazole, pristinamycin, oxazepam, alprazolam, hydroxyzine, and mianserin. Full results are available online from an interactive platform (https://adrenaline.curie.fr). This resource provides hypotheses for drugs that may naturally influence breast cancer evolution.
Chemical unclonable functions based on operable random DNA pools
Authors: Luescher Anne M. , Gimpel Andreas L. , Stark Wendelin J. , Heckel Reinhard , Grass Robert N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhysical unclonable functions (PUFs) based on unique tokens generated by random manufacturing processes have been proposed as an alternative to mathematical one-way algorithms. However, these tokens are not distributable, which is a disadvantage for decentralized applications. Finding unclonable, yet distributable functions would help bridge this gap and expand the applications of object-bound cryptography. Here we show that large random DNA pools with a segmented structure of alternating constant and randomly generated portions are able to calculate distinct outputs from millions of inputs in a specific and reproducible manner, in analogy to physical unclonable functions. Our experimental data with pools comprising up to >1010 unique sequences and encompassing >750 comparisons of resulting outputs demonstrate that the proposed chemical unclonable function (CUF) system is robust, distributable, and scalable. Based on this proof of concept, CUF-based anti-counterfeiting systems, non-fungible objects and decentralized multi-user authentication are conceivable.
Isotope engineering achieved by local coordination design in Ti-Pd co-doped ZrCo-based alloys
Authors: Qi Jiacheng , Huang Xu , Xiao Xuezhang , Zhang Xinyi , Zhou Panpan , Zhang Shuoqing , Li Ruhong , Kou Huaqin , Jiang Fei , Yao Yong , Song Jiangfeng , Feng Xingwen , Shi Yan , Luo Wenhua , Chen Lixin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeuterium/Tritium (D/T) handling in defined proportions are pivotal to maintain steady-state operation for fusion reactors. However, the hydrogen isotope effect in metal-hydrogen systems always disturbs precise D/T ratio control. Here, we reveal the dominance of kinetic isotope effect during desorption. To reconcile the thermodynamic stability and isotope effect, we demonstrate a quantitative indicator of Tgap and further a local coordination design strategy that comprises thermodynamic destabilization with vibration enhancement of interstitial isotopes for isotope engineering. Based on theoretical screening analysis, an optimized Ti-Pd co-doped Zr0.8Ti0.2Co0.8Pd0.2 alloy is designed and prepared. Compared to ZrCo alloy, the optimal alloy enables consistent isotope delivery together with a three-fold lower Tgap, a five-fold lower energy barrier difference, a one-third lower isotopic composition deviation during desorption and an over two-fold higher cycling capacity. This work provides insights into the interaction between alloy and hydrogen isotopes, thus opening up feasible approaches to support high-performance fusion reactors.
Spatial transcriptomics reveals discrete tumour microenvironments and autocrine loops within ovarian cancer subclones
Authors: Denisenko Elena , de Kock Leanne , Tan Adeline , Beasley Aaron B. , Beilin Maria , Jones Matthew E. , Hou Rui , Muirí Dáithí Ó , Bilic Sanela , Mohan G. Raj K. A. , Salfinger Stuart , Fox Simon , Hmon Khaing P. W. , Yeow Yen , Kim Youngmi , John Rhea , Gilderman Tami S. , Killingbeck Emily , Gray Elin S. , Cohen Paul A. , Yu Yu , Forrest Alistair R. R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is genetically unstable and characterised by the presence of subclones with distinct genotypes. Intratumoural heterogeneity is linked to recurrence, chemotherapy resistance, and poor prognosis. Here, we use spatial transcriptomics to identify HGSOC subclones and study their association with infiltrating cell populations. Visium spatial transcriptomics reveals multiple tumour subclones with different copy number alterations present within individual tumour sections. These subclones differentially express various ligands and receptors and are predicted to differentially associate with different stromal and immune cell populations. In one sample, CosMx single molecule imaging reveals subclones differentially associating with immune cell populations, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Cell-to-cell communication analysis identifies subclone-specific signalling to stromal and immune cells and multiple subclone-specific autocrine loops. Our study highlights the high degree of subclonal heterogeneity in HGSOC and suggests that subclone-specific ligand and receptor expression patterns likely modulate how HGSOC cells interact with their local microenvironment.
Nutrient-induced acidification modulates soil biodiversity-function relationships
Authors: Hu Zhengkun , Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel , Fanin Nicolas , Chen Xiaoyun , Zhou Yan , Du Guozhen , Hu Feng , Jiang Lin , Hu Shuijin , Liu Manqiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNutrient enrichment is a major global change component that often disrupts the relationship between aboveground biodiversity and ecosystem functions by promoting species dominance, altering trophic interactions, and reducing ecosystem stability. Emerging evidence indicates that nutrient enrichment also reduces soil biodiversity and weakens the relationship between belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functions, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we explore the effects of nutrient enrichment on soil properties, soil biodiversity, and multiple ecosystem functions through a 13-year field experiment. We show that soil acidification induced by nutrient enrichment, rather than changes in mineral nutrient and carbon (C) availability, is the primary factor negatively affecting the relationship between soil diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. Nitrogen and phosphorus additions significantly reduce soil pH, diversity of bacteria, fungi and nematodes, as well as an array of ecosystem functions related to C and nutrient cycling. Effects of nutrient enrichment on microbial diversity also have negative consequences at higher trophic levels on the diversity of microbivorous nematodes. These results indicate that nutrient-induced acidification can cascade up its impacts along the soil food webs and influence ecosystem functioning, providing novel insight into the mechanisms through which nutrient enrichment influences soil community and ecosystem properties.
Hidden non-collinear spin-order induced topological surface states
Authors: Huang Zengle , Yi Hemian , Kaplan Daniel , Min Lujin , Tan Hengxin , Chan Ying-Ting , Mao Zhiqiang , Yan Binghai , Chang Cui-Zu , Wu Weida 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRare-earth monopnictides are a family of materials simultaneously displaying complex magnetism, strong electronic correlation, and topological band structure. The recently discovered emergent arc-like surface states in these materials have been attributed to the multi-wave-vector antiferromagnetic order, yet the direct experimental evidence has been elusive. Here we report observation of non-collinear antiferromagnetic order with multiple modulations using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. Moreover, we discover a hidden spin-rotation transition of single-to-multiple modulations 2 K below the Néel temperature. The hidden transition coincides with the onset of the surface states splitting observed by our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Single modulation gives rise to a band inversion with induced topological surface states in a local momentum region while the full Brillouin zone carries trivial topological indices, and multiple modulation further splits the surface bands via non-collinear spin tilting, as revealed by our calculations. The direct evidence of the non-collinear spin order in NdSb not only clarifies the mechanism of the emergent topological surface states, but also opens up a new paradigm of control and manipulation of band topology with magnetism.