bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The LEADING Guideline. Reporting Standards for Expert Panel, Best-Estimate Diagnosis, and Longitudinal Expert All Data (LEAD) Studies
Authors: Eijsbroek Veerle C , Kjell Katarina , Schwartz H Andrew , Boehnke Jan R , Fried Eiko I , Klein Daniel N , Gustafsson Peik , Augenstein Isabelle , Bossuyt Patrick M M , Kjell Oscar N E 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccurate assessments of symptoms and illnesses are essential for health research and clinical practice but face many challenges. The absence of a single error-free measure is currently addressed by assessment methods involving experts reviewing several sources of information to achieve a more accurate or best-estimate assessment. Three bodies of work spanning medicine, psychiatry, and psychology propose similar assessment methods: The Expert Panel, the Best-Estimate Diagnosis, and the Longitudinal Expert All Data (LEAD) method. However, the quality of such best-estimate assessments is typically very difficult to evaluate due to poor reporting of the assessment methods and when they are reported, the reporting quality varies substantially. Here, we tackle this gap by developing reporting guidelines for such best-estimate assessment studies.MethodsThe development of the reporting guidelines followed a four-stage approach: 1) drafting reporting standards accompanied by rationales and empirical evidence, which were further developed with a patient organization for depression, 2) incorporating expert feedback through a two-round Delphi procedure, 3) refining the guideline based on an expert consensus meeting, and 4) testing the guideline by i) having two researchers test it and ii) using it to examine the extent previously published studies report the standards. The last step also provides evidence for the need for the guideline: 10 to 63% (Mean = 33%) of the standards were not reported across thirty randomly selected studies.ResultsThe LEADING guideline comprises 20 reporting standards related to four groups: TheLongitudinal design(four standards); theAppropriate data(four standards); theEvaluation – experts, materials, and procedures(ten standards); and theValiditygroup (two standards).ConclusionsWe hope that the LEADING guideline will be useful in assisting researchers in planning, conducting, reporting, and evaluating research aiming to achieve best-estimate assessments.
Prosperity or futility? Effects of micro-regeneration on neighborhood commercial vitality
Authors: Liu Guiwen , Yang Yue , Li Kaijian , Shrestha Asheem , Zhuang Taozhi 
Published: March 2024

PurposeMicro-regeneration can effectively enhance a neighborhood’s commercial vitality and serve as a viable approach to boost economic benefits. However, the small scale of micro-regeneration efforts and the fragmented nature of information currently limit the availability of strong empirical evidence demonstrating its impact on neighborhood commercial vitality. The aim of the study was to examine the link between micro-regeneration and neighborhood commercial vitality, focusing on the average, time-lag, spatial spillover, and spatial heterogeneity effects.Design/methodology/approachUsing the panel data set of 1,755 neighborhoods in Chongqing from 2016 to 2021 as the research sample, the difference-in-differences (DID) method was employed in this study to explore the impact micro-regeneration has on neighborhood commercial vitality.FindingsThe results illustrate that: (1) micro-regeneration can promote neighborhood commercial vitality in terms of the number and types of local consumption amenities by 27.76 and 5.89%, respectively, with no time-lag effect; (2) the positive spillovers can exist within the range of 5,000 meters–5,500 meters of regenerated neighborhoods; and (3) the effect of micro-regeneration on neighborhood commercial vitality can be greater in peripheral areas than in core areas of the city.Originality/valueThe findings fill the knowledge gap on the relationship between micro-regeneration and neighborhood commercial vitality. Additionally, the results on the time-lag effect, spatial spillover effects, and spatial heterogeneity provide practical implications that can support the government and private sector in developing temporal and spatial arrangements for micro-regeneration projects.
How project knowledge management develops volatile organizational memory
Authors: Versiani Angela França , Abade Pollyanna de Souza , de Carvalho Rodrigo Baroni , De Muÿlder Cristiana Fernandes 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis paper discusses the effects of enabling conditions of project knowledge management in building volatile organizational memory. The theoretical rationale underlies a recursive relationship among enabling conditions of project knowledge management, organizational learning and memory.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs a qualitative descriptive single case study approach to examine a mobile application development project undertaken by a major software company in Brazil. The analysis focuses on the project execution using an abductive analytical framework. The study data were collected through in-depth interviews and company documents.FindingsBased on the research findings, the factors that facilitate behavior and strategy in managing project knowledge pose a challenge when it comes to fostering organizational learning. While both these factors play a role in organizational learning, the exchange of information from previous experience could be strengthened, and the feedback from the learning process could be improved. These shortcomings arise from emotional tensions that stem from power struggles within knowledge hierarchies.Practical implicationsBased on the research, it is recommended that project-structured organizations should prioritize an individual’s professional experience to promote organizational learning. Organizations with well-defined connections between their projects and strategies can better establish interconnections among knowledge creation, sharing and coding.Originality/valueThe primary contribution is to provide a comprehensive view that incorporates the conditions required to manage project knowledge, organizational learning and memory. The findings lead to four propositions that relate to volatile memory, intuitive knowledge, learning and knowledge encoding.
Managing ecosystems with resist–accept–direct (RAD)
Authors: Williams Byron K. , Brown Eleanor D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In recent years considerable interest has been generated in a new approach known as resist–accept–direct, or RAD, for managing ecosystems in the face of climate change. Under RAD, strategic responses to climate change are described in terms of three broad categories: resisting climate transformation, accepting the transformation and continuing to manage as best one can, and directing the transformed system toward novel ecological conditions. In particular, the potential for integrating RAD and adaptive management has been broadly considered, though absent a decision‐making framework needed for implementation.

We propose a hierarchical decision scheme for RAD that accounts for strategy selection among the three RAD options, as well as adaptive decision making within each option. We use stochastic models and uncertainties about ecosystem processes to account for the dynamics of climate‐transformed ecosystems, and show how these features can be used to inform RAD strategies. Operationally, the approach involves decisions at two levels: one level involves choosing a policy for each strategy, and the second level involves deciding which strategy has the greatest policy value.

The structure described here extends recent work in climate change adaptation, by including Markovian decisions under climate change, strategy‐specific policies, and value functions for assessing and selecting RAD strategies. We provide a hierarchical accounting of decisions and responses, and develop rules for the timing of those decisions.

Combining RAD and adaptive management can help to organize thinking about ecological conservation under climate change, and focus attention on mechanisms for making decisions. We believe the structure presented here can facilitate conservation efforts under the non‐stationary climate conditions we are sure to face for the foreseeable future.
How the training pathways and capacity of rural physicians inform their scope of practice: A qualitative study examining the experiences of Australian and international medical graduates in South‐East New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Burgis‐Kasthala Sarath , Bain‐Donohue Suzanne , Tailby Ellen , Stonestreet Kathryn , Moore Malcolm 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionCurrent strategies to address shortages of rural doctors focus on developing a pipeline for rural generalist practice. Limited research has explored how doctors’ professional journey engenders the skills required to practice rurally.ObjectiveThis paper analyses how rural general practitioners’ clinical pathway informs their scope of practice and future retention.DesignQualitative thematic analysis using semi‐structured telephone interviews. Twenty‐one general practitioners appointed in their local health district of Murrumbidgee and Southern New South Wales, Australia, within the past 10 years. Participants comprised 10 Australian medical graduates (AMG) and 11 international medical graduates (IMG).FindingsAMGs and IMGs contrasted how their pathway into rural practice, and capacity to work rurally, informed their scope of practice. Australian medical graduates’ familiarity with rural areas was consolidated through congruous experiences, including at rural clinical schools. Paradoxically, the fluency of their training limited the amount of unsupervised experience and confidence AMGs gained. Together with a focus on work‐life balance, this limited many to providing mainstream general practice, precluding extending their scope of practice. International medical graduates described disseminated experiences, often unsupervised in high‐volume contexts. However, a lack of professional opportunities prevented them from extending their scope of practice.DiscussionIMG and AMG motivation and pathway for working rurally differ. Respective cohorts have concerns regarding requisite skills and knowledge for rural practice, which incorporates opportunity and recognition. Entry points for training should be variable to allow consideration of life stage, prior skill development and extension of scope of practice.ConclusionDoctors’ scope of practice is informed by their pathways into rural practice. Australian medical graduates may not gain adequate competence during expedited training programs to confidently undertake extended clinical activities. International medical graduates, however lacked the opportunities and support, to utilise their expertise in rural practice. Complementarily utilising the expertise and commitment of both AMGs and IMGs may synergistically address workforce shortages.
The relationship between emotional intimate partner violence and other forms of violence: A metaanalytic review
Authors: Palmer Megan L. , Keilholtz Brooke M. , Vail Summer L. , Spencer Chelsea M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the relationship between emotional intimate partner violence (IPV) and different forms of violence (e.g., stalking perpetration and victimization, physical IPV perpetration and victimization, sexual IPV perpetration and victimization, and controlling behaviors) using a meta‐analysis. Data from 188 studies, yielding 382 effect sizes, were used to compare the strength of correlates for IPV victimization versus perpetration, as well as gendered results. This meta‐analysis found, in order of strength, controlling behaviors victimization, physical IPV victimization, physical IPV perpetration, sexual IPV victimization, stalking victimization, and sexual IPV perpetration were significantly associated with emotional IPV victimization. The meta‐analysis also found, in order of strength, emotional IPV perpetration was positively associated with stalking perpetration, physical IPV perpetration, causing injury to a partner, controlling behaviors victimization, sexual IPV perpetration, physical IPV victimization, controlling behaviors perpetration, and sexual IPV victimization. This study found limited significant differences around gender, with physical IPV victimization approaching significance for emotional IPV perpetration for women. The current study highlights the implications associated with early assessment and intervention in cases of IPV.
Is rising student debt affecting retirement savings? Evidence from the survey of consumer finances
Authors: Batkeyev Birzhan , Ertugrul Mine , Krishnan Karthik , Wang Pinshuo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUsing exogenous changes in the personal bankruptcy treatment of student loans as well as the level of student debt, we find that student debt has a negative effect on household retirement savings. This negative relation is present for younger and older individuals, and is larger for the latter group, indicating lower levels of retirement savings for precisely those who can least afford it. We also find that student debt is related to greater borrowing on retirement plans. Households with more student debt expect to have insufficient retirement income and are less able to plan financially for the long term.
Qualitative analysis of migrants' network data: Using conceptual reflexivity to reveal the ‘magic trick’
Authors: D'Angelo Alessio , Ryan Louise 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile in recent years, qualitative social network analysis (SNA) has advanced considerably – particularly in migration research – there is still an overall tendency to focus more on issues of network structure and on the generation of data, rather than on how data can be interpreted and analysed qualitatively in practice. In this article, we discuss how a genuinely qualitative SNA should not only apply qualitative techniques in generating visual and oral network data but also in the analytical processes. Building on our earlier work, we advance methodological debates by presenting the idea of ‘conceptual reflexivity’: an awareness of how our thinking about networks and the ways in which we interact with participants – and the wider field – inform layers of meaning making. Using two recent examples from our migration research, we explore the inter‐subjectivity of the research encounter, offering insights into the ‘craft’ of qualitative SNA and the epistemological issues underpinning it. In doing so, we aim to make analytical processes more open and visible, to reveal, so to speak, what goes on behind the curtain: the ‘magic trick’ of how qualitative SNA is performed.
New insights into ILC2 memory
Authors: Martinez‐Gonzalez Itziar , Takei Fumio 
Published: March 2024

SummaryGroup 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2s) are innate lymphocytes involved in type 2 immunity. ILC2s are abundant at the barrier tissues and upon allergen exposure, respond to epithelial‐derived alarmins by producing type 2 cytokines (e.g., IL‐5 and IL‐13). Upon activation, some of these activated ILC2s acquire immunological memory and can mount enhanced responses upon further allergen encounters. Here, we review recent findings of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying immune memory in ILC2s both in mice and humans and discuss the implications of memory ILC2s in the context of allergic diseases.
Impact of turbidity on the gill morphology and hypoxia tolerance of eastern sand darter (Ammocrypta pellucida)
Authors: Firth Britney L. , Craig Paul M. , Drake D. Andrew R. , Power Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic stressors such as agriculture and urbanization can increase river turbidity, which can negatively impact fish gill morphology and growth due to reduced oxygen in the benthic environment. We assessed the gill morphology, field metabolic rate (FMR), and two hypoxia tolerance metrics (oxygen partial pressure at loss of equilibrium, PO2 at LOE, and critical oxygen tension, Pcrit) of eastern sand darter (Ammocrypta pellucida), a small benthic fish listed as threatened under the Species at Risk Act in Canada, from rivers in southern Ontario. Field trials were conducted streamside in the Grand River (August 2019; mean NTU 8) and in the comparatively more turbid Thames River (August 2020; mean NTU 94) to test the effect of turbidity on each physiological endpoint. Gills were collected from incidental mortalities and museum specimens, and were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin and immunofluorescent staining. The between‐river comparison indicated that turbidity significantly increased interlamellar space and filament width but had no significant influence on other gill morphometrics or FMR. Turbidity significantly increased PO2 at LOE (i.e., fish had a lower hypoxia tolerance) but did not significantly impact Pcrit. Therefore, although turbidity influences hypoxia tolerance through LOE, turbidity levels were not sufficiently high in the study rivers to contribute to measurable changes in gill morphology or metabolism in the wild. Determining whether changes in gill morphology or metabolism occur under higherturbidity levels would help resolve the ecological importance of turbidity on species physiology in urban and agricultural ecosystems.
The Role of Passive Descent and Epidural Analgesia in Outcomes Associated With Prolonged Pushing Among Nulliparous Individuals in Midwifery Care
Authors: Erickson Elise N. , Hersh Sally R. , Wharton Mariah R. , Bovbjerg Marit L. , Tilden Ellen L. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionEfforts to reduce primary cesarean birth may include supporting longer second stages of labor. Although midwifery‐led care is associated with lower cesarean use, little has been published on associated outcomes of prolonged second stage (≥3 hours of pushing) for nulliparous individuals in US hospital‐based midwifery care. Epidural analgesia and the role of passive descent in midwifery‐led care are also underexplored in relation to the second stage. In this study, we report the incidence of prolonged second stage stratified by epidural analgesia and/or passive descent. Secondary aims included calculating the odds of cesarean birth, obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and neonatal complications.MethodsData were collected prospectively from a single academic center in the United States from 2012 through 2019. Our cohort analysis of labors attended by midwives for nulliparous, term, singleton, and vertex pregnancies included both descriptive and inferential statistics comparing outcomes between prolonged versus nonprolonged pushing groups. We stratified the sample and quantified second stage outcomes by epidural analgesia and by use of passive descent.ResultsOf the 1465 births, 17% (n = 247) included prolonged pushing. Cesarean ranged from 2.2% without prolonged pushing to 26.7% with prolonged pushing. Fetal malposition, epidural analgesia, and longer passive descent were more common among those with prolonged active pushing. Despite these factors, neither odds for PPH nor poor neonatal outcomes were associated with prolonged pushing. Those with more than one hour of passive descent in the second stage who also had prolonged active pushing had lower odds for cesarean but higher odds for OASI relative to those who had little passive descent before pushing for more than 3 hours.DiscussionProlonged pushing occurred in nearly 2 of 10 nulliparous labors. Fetal malposition, epidural analgesia, and prolonged pushing were commonly observed with longer passive descent, cesarean, and OASI. Passive descent in these data likely reflects individualized midwifery care strategies when pushing was complicated by fetal malposition or other complexities.
Corporate philanthropy, political connections, and costs of equity capital
Authors: Liu Chuyuan , Tang Jing , Huang Chenghao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe examine how investors' perceptions of firms' philanthropic behaviors alter the effect of corporate philanthropy on costs of equity capital. Using a sample of Chinese A‐share listed firms from 2007 to 2018, we find that firms making philanthropic donations have higher equity financing costs. In contrast, firms without politically connected executives, experiencing provincial official turnovers, and located in provinces with fiscal pressure do not see an increase in costs of equity capital. In addition, Chinese investors consider strategic corporate philanthropy to establish political connections less valuable after anticorruption campaigns are launched, hence requiring higher rates of return from firms making monetary donations. Overall, this paper provides evidence that investors' perceptions of firm behavior are shaped by unique institutional factors in emerging markets, resulting in unintended economic consequences for firms.
Toward diverse SOGIESC‐transformative theorizing in nursing: A revisitation and expansion of Im and Meleis' guidelines for gender‐sensitive theorizing
Authors: Cleofas Jerome Visperas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOver two decades have passed since Im and Meleis proposed “gender‐sensitive theories” as a category of nursing theories in 2001. Since then, the global conditions of women and minoritized identities across the various spectra of sexual orientation, gender identity and expression, and sexual characteristics (SOGIESC) have changed. Moreover, feminist theorizing has evolved, prompting the need to update how nurses theorize and research the interactions of gender and health in their practice. This discursive essay aims to (1) provide a summary of Im and Meleis' characterization and guidelines in the development of gender‐sensitive theories in nursing and present exemplars that use these guidelines; (2) assess the gender‐sensitive nursing theory guidelines in terms of gender‐responsiveness; and (3) expand the transformative potential of gender‐sensitive theorizing in nursing by proposing Diverse SOGIESC‐Transformative Theories. Diverse SOGIESC‐Transformative Theories include three additional aspects to enhance the transformative potential of gender‐responsive theorizing in nursing: inclusion of diverse SOGIESC, elaboration of intersectionality, and consideration of men and masculinities.