bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A sweeping‐micellar electrokinetic chromatography method for direct detection of some aromatic amines in water samples
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Wu Xiaoping , Zhang Wei , Xu Liangjun , Chen Guonan 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA simple and rapid sweeping method for the online improvement of detection limit of some aromatic amines has been developed in this work. The optimum sweeping and separation conditions for 4‐methylaniline, 3,4‐dichloroaniline, 4‐chloroaniline, and 4‐aminophenyl were investigated in detail. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limits of these four aromatic amines ranged from 5.4×10−10 to 4.6×10−8 mol/L (S/N = 3), which was about 80–1090‐folds lower than those of conventional sample injections. Linear response range were in the range of 2.5×10−8–2.0×10−6 mol/L with the correlation coefficient between 0.9965 and 0.9994. Baseline separation was achieved within 10 min. After validation, the developed method was applied to determine 4‐methylaniline, 3,4‐dichloroaniline, 4‐chloroaniline, and 4‐aminophenyl in river water sample with average recoveries of 79.6–88.7%.
Cloud point extraction combined with micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography determination of benzophenones in cosmetic matrix
Authors: Wu Yi‐Wei , Jiang Yin‐Yan , liu Jun‐Feng , Xiong Kun 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA method has been developed for the separation and determination of three hydrophobic benzophenones: 2,4‐dihydroxybenzophenone (BP‐1), 2,2′4,4′‐tetrahydroxybenzophenone (BP‐2), and 2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzophenone (BP‐3) in sunscreen by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) combined with cloud point extraction (CPE). The analytes were extracted at pH 5.0 by micelles of the nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene‐7.5‐octylphenyl ether (Triton X‐114). A 150 μL aliquot from the extracted surfactant‐rich phase was diluted up to 500 μL with ethanol to reduce its viscosity before separation by MEKC. A background electrolyte of 25 mmol/L sodium tetraborate containing 30 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate at pH 9.25 was used as the separation medium to avoid the adsorption of hydrophobic substances and Triton X‐114 onto the inner surface of the separation capillary, ensuring the separation efficiency and reproducibility. Detection is performed at 290 nm. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor of 20 was obtained and the determination limits of BP‐1, BP‐2, and BP‐3 were found to be 3.90×10−7, 3.83×10−7, and 6.42×10−8 mol/L, respectively. In comparison with the earlier reported methods, the LODs of this method are superior to the other methods. The presented procedure was successfully applied to the determination of BP‐1, BP‐2, and BP‐3 in sunscreen with satisfactory results.
Continuum transport model of Ogston sieving in patterned nanofilter arrays for separation of rod‐like biomolecules
Authors: Li Zi Rui , Liu Gui Rong , Chen Yu Zong , Wang Jian‐Sheng , Bow Hansen , Cheng Yuan , Han Jongyoon 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis article proposes a simple computational transport model of rod‐like short dsDNA molecules through a microfabricated nanofilter array. Using a nanochannel consisting of alternate deep wells and shallow slits, it is demonstrated that the complex partitioning of rod‐like DNA molecules of different sizes over the nanofilter array can be well described by continuum transport theory with the orientational entropy and anisotropic transport parameters properly quantified. In this model, orientational entropy of the rod‐like DNA is calculated from the equilibrium distribution of rigid cylindrical rod near the solid wall. The flux caused by entropic differences is derived from the interaction between the DNA rods and the solid channel wall during rotational diffusion. In addition to its role as an entropic barrier, the confinement of the DNA in the shallow channels also induces large changes in the effective electrophoretic mobility for longer molecules in the presence of EOF. In addition to the partitioning/selectivity of DNA molecules by the nanofilter, this model can also be used to estimate the dispersion of separated peaks. It allows for fast optimization of nanofilter separation devices, without the need of stochastic modeling techniques that are usually required.
Prolonged‐release performance of perfume encapsulated by tailoring mesoporous silica spheres
Authors: Wang Ping , Zhu Yihua , Yang Xiaoling , Chen Aiping 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMesoporous silica (MS) spheres with size‐controllable pore channels and regular spherical shape were used as supports for the encapsulation of hydrophilic perfume. The MS spheres were tailored by expanding pore size in order to have high loading content. The perfume‐encapsulating MS spheres so obtained were followed by assembling 10 layers of polyelectrolyte shell on the microspheres' surfaces for the purpose of good prolonged‐release performance. The morphologies and prolonged‐release performance of perfume‐encapsulating MS spheres with 10‐layer polyelectrolyte shells were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, pore size analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and UV‐vis and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that with MS spheres constructed in this way, effective prolonged‐release performance can be achieved. We also demonstrated that these MS spheres can indeed be used for the prolonged release of perfume. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GC–MS, GC–O and enantio–GC investigation of the essential oil of Tarchonanthus camphoratus L.
Authors: Costa Rosaria , d'Acampora Zellner Barbara , Crupi Maria L. , Fina Maria R. De , Valentino Maria R. , Dugo Paola , Dugo Giovanni , Mondello Luigi 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe volatile fraction of Tarchonanthus camphoratus L. has been studied by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC–FID, leading to the determination of 90 components whose major were α‐pinene (14.7 g/100 g), eucalyptol (14.8 g/100 g) and fenchyl alcohol (12.2 g/100 g). Gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O) has been applied to the evaluation of the olfactive notes and their intensity. Also, the enantiomeric distribution of some relevant constituents has been assessed by enantio‐GC through the use of a chiral cyclodextrin‐based stationary phase. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling perfume deposition on fabric during a washing cycle: theoretical approach
Authors: Normand Valéry , Tang Jane , Struillou Arnaud 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe effect of surfactant micelles on the deposition of perfume molecules on fabric has been estimated theoretically for a full washing cycle, using mass transfer mechanisms. In the absence of a surfactant phase, the fraction of fragrance molecules deposited on fabric is well characterized by a sigmoidal curve with the logP value of the perfume molecules, which is a well‐known result. However, when surfactant is added at a concentration higher than the critical micellar concentration (CMC), high logP value molecules are lost, due to the hydrophobic phase created by the micelles. This phenomenon results in a modified sigmoidal behaviour of the fraction of fragrance molecules deposited, with the logP value that tends to reach the zero deposition for very high logP values. A maximum fraction deposited is located at intermediate logP values (between 1.5 and 3). Evidence of redeposition of high logP value molecules is shown when rinsing is considered. In this case, the micelles break if the overall surfactant concentration is below the CMC, and the trapped perfume molecules are released and are able to deposit on the fabric. This model is successfully subjected to measured performance of the key raw perfume materials. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aroma‐active compounds of Elsholtzia splendens using AEDA and HS–SPME–GC–O dilution analysis
Authors: Choi Hyang S. , Min Kyung C. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the composition of essential oil and headspace from Elsholtzia splendens, and to determine the aroma‐active compounds of this aromatic plant. Eighty‐five components were identified in the oil by GC and GC–MS. The major compounds were naginata ketone (70.43%) and elsholtzia ketone (4.95%). Sixty‐eight volatile flavour constituents were detected in the headspace of this herb, and geranyl acetate (4.48%) was the most abundant component. Flavour dilution (FD) factors were evaluated by aroma extract dilution analysis with gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O). Naginata ketone, α‐pinene, elsholtzia ketone, carvone oxide and geraniol showed high FD‐factors (≥5). Naginata ketone, geraniol, elsholtzia ketone, carvone oxide and geranyl acetate were regarded as the characteristic odour components of the essential oil by the sniffing test. Especially, naginata ketone and geraniol were considered as most similar odour components to Elsholtzia splendens by organoleptic evaluation with GC–O. Naginata ketone, nerol, geraniol and carvone oxide were considered as having a Elsholtzia splendens‐like odour by headspace solid‐phase microextraction GC–O (HS–SPME–GC–O) dilution analysis. Naginata ketone was the most intensive compound in HP–SPME–GC–O dilution analysis by varying the fibre length, and naginata ketone and geraniol were the aroma‐active compounds in HS–SPME–GC–O dilution analysis by varying the GC split ratio. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The t(1;9)(p34;q34) and t(8;12)(p11;q15) fuse pre‐mRNA processing proteins SFPQ (PSF) and CPSF6 to ABL and FGFR1
Authors: Hidalgo‐Curtis Claire , Chase Andrew , Drachenberg Milton , Roberts Mark W. , Finkelstein Jerry Z. , Mould Sarah , Oscier David , Cross Nicholas C. P. , Grand Francis H. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe have investigated two patients with acquired chromosomal rearrangements, a male presenting with a t(1;9)(p34;q34) and B cell progenitor acute lymphoid leukemia and a female presenting with a t(8;12)(p11;q15) and the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome. We determined that the t(1;9) fused ABL to SFPQ (also known as PSF), a gene mapping to 1p34 that encodes a polypyrimidine tract‐binding protein‐associated splicing factor. The t(8;12) fused CPSF6, a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor, to FGFR1. The fusions were confirmed by amplification of the genomic breakpoints and RT‐PCR. The predicted oncogenic products of these fusions, SFPQ‐ABL and CPSF6‐FGFR1, are in‐frame and encode the N‐terminal domain of the partner protein and the entire tyrosine kinase domain and C‐terminal sequences of ABL and FGFR1. SFPQ interacts with two FGFR1 fusion partners, ZNF198 and CPSF6, that are functionally related to the recurrent PDGFRα partner FIP1L1. Our findings thus identify a group of proteins that are important for pre‐mRNA processing as fusion partners for tyrosine kinases in hematological malignancies. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationship uncertainty linkage statistics (RULS): affected relative pair statistics that model relationship uncertainty
Authors: Ray Amrita , Weeks Daniel E. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractLinkage analysis programs invariably assume that the stated familial relationships are correct. Thus, it is common practice to resolve relationship errors by either discarding individuals with erroneous relationships or using an inferred alternative pedigree structure. These approaches are less than ideal because discarding data is wasteful and using inferred data can be statistically unsound. We have developed two linkage statistics that model relationship uncertainty by weighting over the possible true relationships. Simulations of data containing relationship errors were used to assess our statistics and compare them to the maximum‐likelihood statistic (MLS) and the Sall non‐parametric LOD score using true and discarded (where problematic individuals with erroneous relationships are discarded from the pedigree) structures. We simulated both small pedigree (SP) and large pedigree (LP) data sets typed genome‐wide. Both data sets have several underlying true relationships; SP has one apparent relationship—full sibling—and LP has several different apparent relationship types. The results show that for both SP and LP, our relationship uncertainty linkage statistics (RULS) have power nearly as high as the MLS and Sall using the true structure. Also, the RULS have greater power to detect linkage than the MLS and Sall using the discarded structure. For example, for the SP data set and a dominant disease model, both the RULS had power of about 93%, while Sall and MLS have 90% and 83% power on the discarded structure. Thus, our RULS provide a statistically sound and powerful approach to the commonly encountered problem of relationship errors. Genet. Epidemiol. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Remodeling of motor nerve terminals in demyelinating axons of periaxin‐null mice
Authors: Court Felipe A. , Brophy Peter J. , Ribchester Richard R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMyelin formation around axons increases nerve conduction velocity and influences both the structure and function of the myelinated axon. In the peripheral nervous system, demyelinating forms of hereditary Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) diseases cause reduced nerve conduction velocity initially and ultimately axonal degeneration. Several mouse models of CMT diseases have been generated, allowing the study of the consequences of disrupting Schwann cell function on peripheral nerve fibers. Nevertheless, the effect of demyelination at the level of the neuromuscular synapse has been largely overlooked. Here we show that in mice lacking functional Periaxin (Prx) genes, a model of a recessive type of CMT disease known as CMT4F, neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) develop profound morphological changes in the preterminal region of motor axons. These changes include extensive preterminal branches that originate in demyelinated regions of the nerve fiber and axonal swellings associated with residually‐myelinated regions of the fiber. Using intracellular recording from muscle fibers we detected asynchronous failure of action potential transmission at high but not low stimulation frequencies, a phenomenon consistent with branch point failure. Taken together, our morphological and electrophysiological findings suggest that preterminal branching due to segmental demyelination near the neuromuscular synapse in Periaxin KO mice may underlie some characteristics of disabilities, including coordination deficits, present in this mouse model of CMT disease. These results reveal the importance of studying how demyelinating diseases might influence NMJ function and contribute to clinical disability. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The protective effects of 15‐deoxy‐Δ‐12,14‐prostaglandin J2 in spinal cord injury
Authors: Kerr Bradley J. , Girolami Elizabeth I. , Ghasemlou Nader , Jeong Suh Young , David Samuel 
Published: January 2008

AbstractSecondary tissue damage that occurs within days after spinal cord injury contributes significantly to permanent paralysis, sensory loss, and other functional disabilities. The acute inflammatory response is thought to contribute largely to this secondary damage. We show here that 15‐deoxy‐Δ‐12,14‐prostaglandin J2 (15d‐PGJ2), a metabolite of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) that has anti‐inflammatory actions, given daily for the first 2 weeks after spinal cord contusion injury in mice, results in significant improvement of sensory and locomotor function. 15d‐PGJ2‐treated mice also show diminished signs of microglia/macrophage activation, increased neuronal survival, greater serotonergic innervation, and reduced demyelination in the injured spinal cord. These changes are accompanied by a reduction in chemokine and pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression. Our results also indicate that 15d‐PGJ2 is likely to reduce inflammation in the injured spinal cord by attenuating multiple signaling pathways: reducing activation of NF‐κB; enhancing expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling1 and reducing the activation of Janus activated Kinase 2. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization and transformation potential of “Synthetic” astrocytes differentiated from murine embryonic stem cells
Authors: Kamnasaran Deepak , Hawkins Cynthia , Guha Abhijit 
Published: January 2008

AbstractOur objective was to determine if murine embryonic stem (ES) cells, which are readily available from repositories, could be developed as a model of gliomagenesis, recognizing the difficulty in obtaining and transforming somatic astrocytes. Using a stringently controlled sequential differentiation procedure on wild type (wt) and p53+/− ES cells, we established GFAP+A2B5‐synthetic astrocytes with high efficiency (>90%). The synthetic astrocytes stably express several differentiated astrocyte associated structural proteins and biochemical markers, but lacked expression of differentiated neurons and oligodendrocytes. However, in contrast to somatic differentiated astrocytes, the synthetic astrocytes expressed stem cell markers, with a transcriptome profile similar to astrocytes differentiated from neural stem cells (NSC) and somatic astrocyte cultures established from E13.5‐Cortex and P4‐hippocampus. In addition, the synthetic astrocytes demonstrated plasticity, with ability to dedifferentiate into neuronal and oligodendrocyte lineages. Intracranial injection of postnatal differentiated somatic astrocytes or synthetic astrocytes of either wt or p53+/− background did not grow tumors, unlike corresponding ES cells that develop teratomas. In contrast, retroviral transduction of either wt or p53+/− synthetic astrocytes and not the postnatal somatic astrocytes, with relevant oncogenes found in human malignant astrocytomas (MDM2, myr‐AKT, V12H‐RAS), led to intracranial high‐grade undifferentiated gliomas. This study demonstrates utilization of readily available ES cells of varying genetic backgrounds to model and further our understanding of gliomagenesis. Large numbers of replenishable derivative synthetic glial lineage cells retain genetic and phenotypic characteristics of progenitor cells and thereby are more amenable to transformation by genetic aberrations involved in gliomagenesis. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ionic channels and neuropathic pain: Phisiopatology and applications
Authors: Aurilio Caterina , Pota Vincenzo , Pace Maria Caterina , Passavanti Maria Beatrice , Barbarisi Manlio 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNeuropathic pain is defined by the International Association for Pain research as a pain associated to a primary lesion or a dysfunction of the central or peripheral system. Over the past few years the causes of the neuropathic pain were not known and there were not good treatments for it, now we have a better knowledge of the physiopathological aspects and there is a wider diffusion of the research for target aimed therapies. The physiologic genesis of nervous messages occurs exclusively in skin sensorial endings or in nerve tissues as a consequence of an adequate sensorial stimulus and depends on the quick variations of the electric potential difference at the endings of ionic membranes. These variations of even 500 V a second are possible because of the presence of ionic channels. In neuropathic pain impulses can be originated even from ectopic sites. Ectopic discharges originated in a peripheral neuropathic system have an important role in the early stage of neuropathic pain development in two different ways. First they give an excess of spontaneous and evoked electric impulses to the central nervous system, causing a primitive neuropathic pain signal; then the ectopic activity develops and maintains the central sensitisation process. All this amplifies the afferent signals deriving from residual efferents that go on innerving cutaneous areas damaged and partly disnerved, causing tactile allodynie. Sodium channels are the greatest responsible for electrogenesis, that is the basis of the action potential generation and its propagation. Action potential begins after a depolarization such that it could cause a membrane transitory modification, turning prevalently permeable to Na+ more than to K+ as during a release phase. Neuropathy generates a local accumulation of sodium channels, with a consequent increase of density. This remodel seems to be the basis of neuro hyperexecitably. Calcium channels have also an important role in cell working. Intracellular calcium increase contributes to depolarization processes, through kinase and determines the phosphorylation of membrane proteins that can make powerful the efficacy of the channels themselves. In the future new diagnostic opportunities of physiopathologist mechanism leading to neuropathic pain will allow treatments aimed at specific molecular changes of ionic channels. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 8–14, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fracture induced mobilization and incorporation of bone marrow‐derived endothelial progenitor cells for bone healing
Authors: Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Mifune Yutaka , Kawamoto Atsuhiko , Kuroda Ryosuke , Shoji Taro , Iwasaki Hiroto , Suzuki Takahiro , Oyamada Akira , Horii Miki , Yokoyama Ayumi , Nishimura Hiromi , Lee Sang Yang , Miwa Masahiko , Doita Minoru , Kurosaka Masahiro , Asahara Takayuki 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe recently reported that systemic administration of peripheral blood (PB) CD34+ cells, an endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)‐enriched population, contributed to fracture healing via vasculogenesis/angiogenesis. However, pathophysiological role of EPCs in fracture healing process has not been fully clarified. Therefore, we investigated the hypothesis whether mobilization and incorporation of bone marrow (BM)‐derived EPCs may play a pivotal role in appropriate fracture healing. Serial examinations of Laser doppler perfusion imaging and histological capillary density revealed that neovascularization activity at the fracture site peaked at day 7 post‐fracture, the early phase of endochondral ossifification. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis demonstrated that the frequency of BM cKit+Sca1+Lineage− (Lin−) cells and PB Sca1+Lin− cells, which are EPC‐enriched fractions, significantly increased post‐fracture. The Sca1+ EPC‐derived vasuculogenesis at the fracture site was confirmed by double immunohistochemistry for CD31 and Sca1. BM transplantation from transgenic donors expressing LacZ transcriptionally regulated by endothelial cell‐specific Tie‐2 promoter into wild type also provided direct evidence that EPCs contributing to enhanced neovascularization at the fracture site were specifically derived from BM. Animal model of systemic administration of PB Sca1+Lin− Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)+ cells further confirmed incorporation of the mobilized EPCs into the fracture site for fracture healing. These findings indicate that fracture may induce mobilization of EPCs from BM to PB and recruitment of the mobilized EPCs into fracture sites, thereby augment neovascularization during the process of bone healing. EPCs may play an essential role in fracture healing by promoting a favorable environment through neovascularization in damaged skeletal tissue. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 234–242, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.