bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination and pharmacokinetic studies of oxyresveratrol and resveratrol in rat plasma after oral administration ofSmilax chinaextract
Authors: Huang Huilian , Zhang Jinqiang , Chen Guangtong , Lu Zhiqiang , Wang Xiaoming , Sha Na , Shao Bo , Li Ping , Guo De‐an 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA sensitive and simple HPLC method has been developed and validated for the determination of oxyresveratrol (trans‐2,4,3′,5′‐tetrahydroxystilbene, OXY) and resveratrol (trans‐3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene, RES) in rat plasma. The plasma samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and analyzed using HPLC on an Aglient Zorbax SB‐C18column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) at a wavelength 320 nm, with a linear gradient of (A) acetonitrile and (B) 0.5% aqueous acetic acid (v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The method was linear over the range of 0.1265–25.3 µg/mL for OXY and 0.117–23.4 µg/mL for RES. The extraction recovery for OXY, RES and internal standard ranged from 71.1 to 88.3%. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were better than 10%, and the accuracy ranged from 89 to 108%. The validated method was used to study the pharmacokinetic profiles of OXY and RES in rat plasma after oral administration ofSmilax chinaroot extract. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics and predictors of self‐mutilation: a study of incarcerated women
Authors: Roe‐Sepowitz Dominique 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground Research on self‐mutilating behaviour and incarcerated adults has found that nearly 50% of people in prison participated in it (Holley and Alborleda‐Florez, 1988). This is an enormous liability for the criminal justice system as well as a human concern.Aims/hypotheses The research question for this study was to explore whether a history of childhood abuse in a sample of incarcerated women would increase their likelihood of self‐mutilation.Methods Participants were 256 female inmates from five prisons in a large southern state who volunteered to attend a 12‐week trauma and abuse psychosocial intervention group. The participants were evaluated for childhood abuse, criminal history, risk‐taking behaviour and self‐mutilation. Data are presented regarding individual, criminal, abuse, family and risk‐taking behaviours comparing self‐mutilators (n = 109) with non‐self‐mutilators (n = 147).Results The self‐mutilation group was more likely to report higher rates of emotional, sexual and physical abuse and on clinical significance scales of anxiety, depression, dissociation, impaired self‐reference, anger, tension reduction and intrusive experiences. The self‐mutilation group was also younger and was more often Caucasian. The results of the regression model suggest that a history of suicide attempts, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, bingeing and vomiting and impaired self‐reference are predictors of self‐mutilation.Conclusions/implications for practice Recommendations and implications for practice are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
It all depends on your point of view: An historical account of an ethical conundrum in grain handling, ca. 1931
Authors: Earl Paul D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn 1931, charges against Manitoba Pool Elevators of cheating their members on weights and grades in order to conceal losses on their grain elevators – and of concealing these activities – were proven accurate by a provincial Royal Commission. This was ironic given that these were the same practices that the Pool had condemned in the private grain trade for 30 years, and that, they had pledged, the Pool would put an end to. This paper describes these events and examines the ethical issues from the perspective of Reinhold Niebuhr's thought. It then briefly examines more current events in the western Canadian grain business to show how they are illuminated by Niebuhr's insights and why certain problems in the grain industry have been so intractable for the last half century. Copyright © 2007 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel 3‐D Supramolecular Architectures Constructed from Zn2+ ions, Oxybis(4‐benzoate) and Di(2‐pyridyl)amine Ligands
Authors: TANG Long , LI Dong‐Sheng , FU Feng , WANG Ji‐Jiang , HU Huai‐Ming , WANG Yao‐Yu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUsing the V‐shaped oba dianions as bridging ligands and dpa molecules as terminal ligands, a new 1D helical coordination‐polymeric chain, [Zn(oba)(dpa)]n [oba=oxybis(4‐benzoate), dpa=di(2‐pyridyl)amine], was synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, elemental analyses, UV‐Vis and IR spectra, and TGA analysis. X‐ray structural analysis revealed that, oba and dpa ligands played an important role in the self‐assembly of the helical chains by providing potential supramolecular recognition sites for π‐ π aromatic stacking and hydrogen‐bond interactions, resulting in the self‐assembly of the (4,4) networks to give a 3‐D supramolecular framework. The photoluminescence properties of the title compound were also investigated, showing intense blue photoluminescence properties at room temperature.
Comparison of Artificial Neural Networks with Partial Least Squares Regression for Simultaneous Determinations by ICP‐AES
Authors: KHAYATZADEH MAHANI Mohamad , CHALOOSI Marzieh , GHANADI MARAGHEH Mohamad , KHANCHI Ali Reza , AFZALI Dariush 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSimultaneous determination of several elements (U, Ta, Mn, Zr and W) with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) in the presence of spectral interference was performed using chemometrics methods. True comparison between artificial neural network (ANN) and partial least squares regression (PLS) for simultaneous determination in different degrees of overlap was investigated. The emission spectra were recorded at uranium analytical line (263.553 nm) with a 0.06 nm spectral window by ICP‐AES. Principal component analysis was applied to data and scores on 5 dominant principal components were subjected to ANN. A 5‐5‐5 (input, hidden and output neurons) network was used with linear transfer function after both hidden and output layers. The PLS model was trained with five latent variables and 20 samples in calibration set. The relative errors of predictions (REP) in test set were 3.75% and 3.56% for ANN and PLS respectively.
Spectroscopic Study on Interaction of Lomefloxacin with Human Serum Albumin in the Presence of Copper Ion
Authors: JIN Fen , LÜ Jian‐Quan , ZHOU Xing‐Wang , SUN Ting‐Quan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe interaction of lomefloxacin (LMF) with human serum albumin (HSA) in the presence of copper ions in a physiological medium and its thermodynamic characteristics were investigated by multi‐spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that both LMF and LMF‐Cu2+ could quench the fluorescence of HSA with a static quenching mechanism, indicating that LMF or LMF‐Cu2+ could react with HSA. The apparent binding constants/numbers of binding sites were estimated as 4.924×105 L·mol−1/1.473 for LMF‐HSA, 8.990×104 L·mol−1/1.785 for LMF‐Cu2+‐HSA, 1.10×105 L·mol−1/1.21 for LMF‐Cu2+ and 7.30×102 L·mol−1/0.82 for HSA‐Cu2+, respectively. ΔH and ΔS for LMF‐HSA system were calculated to be −2.189 kJ·mol−1 and 61.25 J·mol−1·K−1, while those for LMF‐Cu2+‐HSA system were −7.401 kJ·mol−1 and 47.63 J·mol−1·K−1. Although the values of ΔH and ΔS in these two systems were different, the treads were similar, which indicated that electrostatic interactions in these two systems played a major role. According to Forster theory, the distances were given as 5.006 nm for HSA‐LMF and 4.709 nm for HSA‐LMF‐Cu2+. Synchronous fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra confirmed further that the conformations of human serum albumin before and after interacting with LMF or LMF‐Cu2+ were different. All the results revealed that copper ions promoted the interaction of lomefloxacin with human serum albumin.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Bissalicylaldimine Ligands and bis‐Schiff Base Cobalt Complexes with Benzo‐10‐aza‐15‐crown‐5 Pendant
Authors: LI Jian‐Zhang , XU Bin , FENG Fa‐Mei , ZHOU Bo , QIN Sheng‐Ying 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNovel unsymmetrical bissalicylaldimine bis‐Schiff bases with a benzo‐10‐aza‐15‐crown‐5 pendant and their cobalt complexes have been synthesized via condensation of 3 or 5‐[(benzo‐10‐aza‐15‐crown‐5)‐10‐ylmethyl] salicylaldehyde with the half unit Schiff bases and characterized by 1H NMR, IR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, molar conductances and molar magnetic susceptibility.
A Convenient and Efficient Route to 1,4‐Bis(heteroaryl)‐ buta‐1,3‐diene and 4‐Heteroarylbut‐1‐en‐3‐yne from 1,4‐Dichlorobut‐2‐yne
Authors: ZHANG Xiao‐Ming , WU Guo‐Qiang , CHEN Wan‐Zhi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA convenient and practical route to functionalized conjugated 1,3‐enynes and 1,3‐dienes is described. 1,4‐Bis(heteroaryl)‐1,3‐diene and 1‐heteroarylbut‐1‐en‐3‐yne derivatives were prepared from 1,4‐dichloro‐2‐butyne and corresponding N‐heteroarenes such as imidazole, pyrrole, pyrazole and indole derivatives in the presence of bases in good to high yields.
Multicompartment Micelles From π‐Shaped ABC Block Copolymers
Authors: XIA Jun , ZHONG Chong‐Li 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDissipative particle dynamics simulations were performed on the morphology and structure of multicompartment micelles formed from π‐shaped ABC block copolymers in water. The influences of chain architectures were studied in a systematic way, and a rich variety of morphologies were observed, such as spherical, wormlike, X‐shaped, Y‐shaped, ribbon‐like, layered rod‐like, layered disk‐like, as well as network morphologies. The simulations show that the distance between the two grafts plays an important role in control of the morphology. Since π‐shaped ABC block copolymers can be reduced to linear ABC and star ABC block copolymers, they are good model copolymers for studying the self‐assembly of complex block copolymers into micelles. The knowledge obtained in this work as well as the new morphologies identified provide useful information for future rational design and synthesis of novel multicompartment micelles.
Initial Presenting Electrocardiogram as Determinant for Hospital Admission in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Chest Pain: A Pilot Investigation
Authors: Challa Prasanna K. , Smith Karen M. , Conti C. Richard 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of chest pain accounts for millions of costly Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospital admissions annually. Of these, approximately 10–20% are myocardial infarctions (MI).HypothesisPatients with chest pain whose initial electrocardiogram (ECG) is normal do not require hospital admission for evaluation and management of a possible myocardial infarction.MethodsThe medical records of a consecutive cohort of 250 patients who presented to the ED with chest pain and were admitted by the ED physician to a cardiology inpatient service of an academic tertiary care medical center were reviewed. Reasons for admission to hospital was to rule out an acute coronary syndrome, specifically, myocardial infarction. The initial ECG of each patient was evaluated for abnormalities and compared with the final diagnosis.ResultsOf the 75 patients presenting with normal ECGs (normal, upright T waves and isoelectric ST segments), 1 (1.3%) was subsequently diagnosed with a myocardial infarction by Troponin I elevation alone. Of the 55 patients presenting with abnormal ECGs but no clear evidence of ischemia [i.e., left bundle branch block (LBBB), right bundle branch block (RBBB), left anterior hemiblock (LAH)], 2 (3.6%) were diagnosed with MI. Of the 48 patients presenting with abnormal ECGs questionable for ischemia (nonspecific ST and T wave changes that were not clearly ST segment elevation or depression), 7 (14.6%) were diagnosed with an MI. Of the 72 patients who presented with abnormal ECGs showing ischemia (acute ST segment elevation and/or depression), 39 (54.2%) were shown to have evidence for MI.SummaryPatients who presented with normal ECGs (category 1) were extremely low risk for acute myocardial infarction. Patients with abnormal ECGs but no evidence of definite ischemia (category 2) had a relatively low incidence of MI. Patients with abnormal ECGs questionable for ischemia (category 3) had an intermediate risk of acute myocardial infarction. The majority of patients with abnormal ECGs demonstrating ischemia (category 4) were subsequently shown to evolve an acute myocardial infarction.ConclusionsPatients with chest pain and initial ECGs with ST segment abnormalities suggestive or diagnostic for ischemia, should be admitted to the hospital for further evaluation and management. Patients with ECGs that do not display acute ST segment changes are at a lower risk for acute myocardial infarction than those with acute ST segment changes and should be admitted on the basis of cardiac risk profile. (i.e., age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, known coronary artery disease, etc.) Patients with normal ECGs (category 1) are at extremely low risk, and it may be acceptable to consider further evaluation on an outpatient basis. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds and Acidic Drugs in Water by Coupling of Derivatization, Gas Chromatography and Negative‐Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Möder Monika , Braun Peter , Lange Franziska , Schrader Steffi , Lorenz Wilhelm 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe determination of acidic pharmaceutical and endocrine disrupting compounds at low ng/L levels in surface and wastewater requires highly selective and sensitive analytical procedures. Therefore, the water samples under study were prepared by means of solid phase extraction (SPE) for analyte enrichment and clean up. Prior to GC‐NCI‐MS, the polar analytes were derivatized using pentafluorobenzyl bromide. The performance of this analytical method has been revealed in fortification experiments by limits of detection ranging from 0.01 to 0.2 ng/L for, e. g., ibuprofen and 17α‐ethinylestradiol, respectively. SPE may be the most rate determining step of the analytical procedure. Therefore, the performance of SPE disks and cartridges was additionally compared. Method evaluation demonstrated that even complex sample matrices, such as model wastewater or even synthetic humic acids, did not interfere with the quantification and identification of target analytes. The performance of the analytical method developed for water monitoring was further emphasized by the investigation of surface water of the River Saale and effluents of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) at Halle, Saxony‐Anhalt, Germany. In those samples, acidic pharmaceuticals and corresponding metabolites occurred at 0.1 ng/L for clofibric acid up to 498 ng/L for bezafibrate. Technical nonylphenol and bisphenol A were found in every water sample. Meanwhile, 17α‐ethinylestradiol was determined only in one WWTP effluent sample at 1 ng/L.
FeIII‐TAML‐Catalyzed Green Oxidative Decolorization of Textile Dyes in Wastewater
Authors: Chahbane Naima , Lenoir Dieter , Souabi Salah , Collins Terrence J. , Schramm Karl‐Werner 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe FeIII‐TAML®/hydrogen peroxide system was first tested for decolorization of structurally different synthetic dyes. The kinetic of decolorization was greatly affected by pH. In alkaline medium the system is much faster, with more than 90% decolorization being attained within the first minutes. At pH 11, the treatment achieves over 98% degradation of the eight tested dyes within 15 min, and around 60% for another four dyes. Furthermore, when the performances of the oxidizing system were checked for decolorization of real textile wastewater, FeIII‐TAML®/H2O2 showed promising results by a complete decolorization of the samples studied within 5 min at a temperature ranging between 25 to 40°C.
Metabolic Fate Modeling of Selected Human Pharmaceuticals in Soils
Authors: Richter Otto , Kullmer Christoph , Kreuzig Robert 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAs a consequence of human pharmaceuticals being found in surface, ground and drinking water, there is growing interest in their fate and behavior in soil environments. Therefore, laboratory tests on the degradation of the 14C‐labeled model substances ibuprofen and diazepam were performed in two different soils. Based on the results of the laboratory‐batch experiments, metabolic fate models have been devised using model discriminating techniques based on likelihood tests for nested models. Although, the data for ibuprofen fit well into the frame of linear compartment theory, the diazepam data show pronounced nonlinearities. The kinetic behavior of both pharmaceuticals in soil is characterized by the participation of microbial processes in the formation of non‐extractable residues and by low degradation rates out of the non‐extractable fractions. An accumulation of those non‐extractable residues may occur in soils under simulated multiple contaminations.
Novel Strategies in Sewage Sludge Treatment
Authors: Dichtl Norbert , Rogge Svenja , Bauerfeld Katrin 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSewage sludge is not only the sink for nutrients removed from wastewater but also for hazardous substances. When sewage sludge is reused in agriculture these hazardous substances can be harmful to the environment depending on their concentration. Nevertheless, the mere disposal of sewage sludge cannot be purposeful as the contained nutrients and the organic material offer a biologically valuable fertilizer. Currently, agricultural reuse of sewage sludge is discussed controversially in Germany. Changes in legal requirements for sewage sludge application are planned that will set lower limit values for hazardous substances and higher quality requirements in general. With these new restrictions, sewage sludges may not be suitable for agricultural reuse any longer. The focus is on alternative sewage sludge treatment technologies that gain the most economic and ecological benefit from the sludge's valuables. Several technologies for nutrient recovery, especially phosphorus, have been developed to recycle finite natural resources. This article will provide an overview on novel strategies for sewage sludge treatment and management especially in regard to new legal requirements.
Carbon Trade Project “Biological Waste Treatment” for Gaobeidian (PR China)
Authors: Kölsch Florian , Fricke Klaus , Müller Wolfgang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Department of Waste Management at the Braunschweig University of Technology is designing a biological treatment plant for municipal solid waste (MSW) for the City of Gaobeidian (Hebei province/PR China). A German‐Chinese joint venture has contracted the project, KfW banking group provides financial assistance. The project aims on the reduction of methane emissions from decay of organic waste components at landfills. Due to biological treatment, organic components are being stabilized, what reduces methane emissions after final disposal significantly. The mechanical biological treatment (MBT) plant is designed for a capacity of 40000 t/year. In the first project phase a feasibility study is being conducted. The residual waste has been analyzed and treated in a pilot plant. Regarding the project financing, additional turnovers shall be achieved by the sale of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). Emission reductions of approximately 10000 t CO2 equivalents (CO2eq) per year are expected, worth some 80000 to 100000 Euro/year. The official registration of the project at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is being prepared.
Modulation of actin mechanics by caldesmon and tropomyosin
Authors: Greenberg M. J. , Wang C‐L. A. , Lehman W. , Moore J. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ability of cells to sense and respond to physiological forces relies on the actin cytoskeleton, a dynamic structure that can directly convert forces into biochemical signals. Because of the association of muscle actin‐binding proteins (ABPs) may affect F‐actin and hence cytoskeleton mechanics, we investigated the effects of several ABPs on the mechanical properties of the actin filaments. The structural interactions between ABPs and helical actin filaments can vary between interstrand interactions that bridge azimuthally adjacent actin monomers between filament strands (i.e. by molecular stapling as proposed for caldesmon) or, intrastrand interactions that reinforce axially adjacent actin monomers along strands (i.e. as in the interaction of tropomyosin with actin). Here, we analyzed thermally driven fluctuations in actin's shape to measure the flexural rigidity of actin filaments with different ABPs bound. We show that the binding of phalloidin increases the persistence length of actin by 1.9‐fold. Similarly, the intrastrand reinforcement by smooth and skeletal muscle tropomyosins increases the persistence length 1.5‐ and 2‐ fold respectively. We also show that the interstrand crosslinking by the C‐terminal actin‐binding fragment of caldesmon, H32K, increases persistence length by 1.6‐fold. While still remaining bound to actin, phosphorylation of H32K by ERK abolishes the molecular staple (Foster et al. 2004. J Biol Chem 279;53387–53394) and reduces filament rigidity to that of actin with no ABPs bound. Lastly, we show that the effect of binding both smooth muscle tropomyosin and H32K is not additive. The combination of structural and mechanical studies on ABP‐actin interactions will help provide information about the biophysical mechanism of force transduction in cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Immobilization of erythro‐C14‐ω‐Aminosphingosine‐1‐phosphate as a Potential Tool for Affinity Chromatography
Authors: Ullrich Thomas , Ghobrial Michael , Peters Carsten , Billich Andreas , Guerini Danilo , Nussbaumer Peter 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) analogue containing a terminal alkyl chain amino group is synthesized in a few steps via olefin cross‐metathesis of an optically resolved intermediate and subsequent phosphorylation. Regioselective acylation of this intermediate at its N terminus in solution is demonstrated as a model reaction and provides a biologically active derivative. Finally, the ω‐amino intermediate is immobilized on an affinity matrix. The choice of a UV‐active phosphate protecting group allows for quantification of resin loading after cleavage which amounted to 66 %.
Monitoring of minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kern Wolfgang , Haferlach Claudia , Haferlach Torsten , Schnittger Susanne 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo highly sensitive methods, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) and real‐time quantitative PCR (RQ‐PCR), are increasingly used to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD) and to guide risk‐adapted management in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). An independent prognostic impact has been demonstrated for MRD levels obtained by both methods. MFC has been found particularly useful for assessment of early clearance of malignant cells and after consolidation therapy. At the latter checkpoint, MRD levels quantified by RQ‐PCR in AML with fusion genes also have the strongest prognostic power. In addition, highly predictive initial expression levels have been identified by RQ‐PCR. Both methods are capable of early detection of relapse. Through the use of all available markers including NPM1 mutations and FLT3 mutations in addition to fusion genes, RQ‐PCR‐based MRD assessment is possible in more than half of patients, whereas MFC is applicable to most AML cases. With a sensitivity of 10−4 (PML‐RARA) to 10−7 (patient‐specific primers, FLT3 and NPM1 mutations), RQ‐PCR is more sensitive in most cases. Large clinical trials will determine the exact role and place of immunologic and RQ‐PCR‐based monitoring of MRD in the therapy of patients with AML. Cancer 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society.