bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of the immediate perioperative dynamics of circulating DNA levels and neutrophil extracellular traps formation in cancer patients
Authors: Kudriavtsev Andrei , Pastor Brice , Mirandola Alexia , Pisareva Ekaterina , Gricourt Yann , Capdevila Xavier , Thierry Alain R , Cuvillon Philippe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Elevated circulating DNA (cirDNA) concentrations were found to be associated with trauma or tissue damage which suggests involvement of inflammation or cell death in post-operative cirDNA release. We carried out the first prospective, multicenter study of the dynamics of cirDNA and neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) markers during the perioperative period from 24 h before surgery up to 72 h after curative surgery in cancer patients.

Methods
We examined the plasma levels of two NETs protein markers [myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE)], as well as levels of cirDNA of nuclear (cir-nDNA) and mitochondrial (cir-mtDNA) origin in 29 colon, prostate, and breast cancer patients and in 114 healthy individuals (HI).

Results
The synergistic analytical information provided by these markers revealed that: (i) NETs formation contributes to post-surgery conditions; (ii) post-surgery cir-nDNA levels were highly associated with NE and MPO in colon cancer [r = 0.60 (P &lt; 0.001) and r = 0.53 (P &lt; 0.01), respectively], but not in prostate and breast cancer; (iii) each tumor type shows a specific pattern of cir-nDNA and NETs marker dynamics, but overall the pre- and post-surgery median values of cir-nDNA, NE, and MPO were significantly higher in cancer patients than in HI.

Conclusion
Taken as a whole, our work reveals the association of NETs formation with the elevated cir-nDNA release during a cancer patient's perioperative period, depending on surgical procedure or cancer type. By contrast, cir-mtDNA is poorly associated with NETs formation in the studied perioperative period, which would appear to indicate a different mechanism of release or suggest mitochondrial dysfunction.
Mortality, bone density and grip strength: lessons from the past and hope for the future?
Authors: Westbury Leo D , Laskou Faidra , Patel Harnish P , Cooper Cyrus , Dennison Elaine M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Therapeutic advances in the management of osteoporosis and sarcopenia have occurred at different rates over the last 2 decades. Here we examine associations between grip strength and BMD with subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a UK community-dwelling cohort.

Methods
Data from 495 men and 414 women from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study were analysed. Grip strength was assessed by grip dynamometry, femoral neck BMD was ascertained using DXA and deaths were recorded from baseline (1998–2004) until 31 December 2018. Grip strength and BMD in relation to mortality outcomes (all-cause, cardiovascular-related, cancer-related and mortality due to other causes) were examined using Cox regression with adjustment for age and sex.

Results
The mean baseline age of participants was 64.3 years (s.d. 2.5) and 65.9 years (s.d. 2.6) in men and women, respectively. Lower grip strength was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.30 (95% CI 1.06, 1.58), P = 0.010] and cardiovascular-related mortality [HR 1.75 (95% CI 1.20, 2.55), P = 0.004]. In contrast, BMD was not associated with any of the mortality outcomes (P &gt; 0.1 for all associations).

Conclusion
We report strong relationships between grip strength and mortality compared with BMD. We hypothesize that this may reflect better recognition and treatment of low BMD in this cohort.
A lipid/PLGA nanocomplex to reshape tumor immune microenvironment for colon cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Nan , Sun Qiqi , Li Junhua , Li Jing , Tang Lei , Zhao Quan , Pu Yuji , Liang Gaofeng , He Bin , Gao Wenxia , Chen Jianlin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy provides a new strategy for tumor treatment; however, the insufficient infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment lead to unsatisfied effects. Herein, we reported a lipid/PLGA nanocomplex (RDCM) co-loaded with the photosensitizer Ce6 and the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor 1MT to improve immunotherapy of colon cancer. Arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) as the targeting moiety was conjugated on 1,2-distearoyl-snglycero-3-phosphoethanolamine lipid via polyethylene glycol (PEG), and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) peptide inhibitor DPPA (sequence: CPLGVRGK-GGG-d(NYSKPTDRQYHF)) was immobilized on the terminal group of PEG via matrix metalloproteinase 2 sensitive peptide linker. The Ce6 and 1MT were encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles. The drug loaded nanoparticles were composited with RGD and DPPA modified lipid and lecithin to form lipid/PLGA nanocomplexes. When the nanocomplexes were delivered to tumor, DPPA was released by the cleavage of a matrix metalloproteinase 2-sensitive peptide linker for PD-L1 binding. RGD facilitated the cellular internalization of nanocomplexes via avβ3 integrin. Strong immunogenic cell death was induced by 1O2 generated from Ce6 irradiation under 660 nm laser. 1MT inhibited the activity of IDO and reduced the inhibition of cytotoxic T cells caused by kynurenine accumulation in the tumor microenvironment. The RDCM facilitated the maturation of dendritic cells, inhibited the activity of IDO, and markedly recruited the proportion of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells in CT26 tumor-bearing mice, triggering a robust immunological memory effect, thus effectively preventing tumor metastasis. The results indicated that the RDCM with dual IDO and PD-L1 inhibition effects is a promising platform for targeted photoimmunotherapy of colon cancer.
Sleep behavioral outcomes of school-based interventions for promoting sleep health in children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years: a systematic review
Authors: Gaskin Cadeyrn J , Venegas Hargous Carolina , Stephens Lena D , Nyam Gunchmaa , Brown Victoria , Lander Natalie , Yoong Serene , Morrissey Bridget , Allender Steven , Strugnell Claudia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
Insufficient sleep is common among children and adolescents, and can contribute to poor health. School-based interventions potentially could improve sleep behavior due to their broad reach, but their effectiveness is unclear. This systematic review focused on the effects of school-based interventions on sleep behavior among children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years.

Methods
Five electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of sleep health interventions initiated or conducted in school settings and in which behavioral sleep outcomes were measured. Cochrane risk of bias tools were used to assess study quality.

Results
From the 5303 database records and two papers from other sources, 21 studies (22 papers) met the inclusion criteria for this review. These studies involved 10 867 children and adolescents at baseline from 13 countries. Most studies (n = 15) were conducted in secondary schools. Sleep education was the most common intervention, either alone (n = 13 studies) or combined with other initiatives (stress management training, n = 2; bright light therapy, n = 1; health education, n = 1). Interventions were typically brief in terms of both the intervention period (median = 4 weeks) and exposure (median = 200 minutes). Behavioral outcomes included actigraphy-measured and self-reported sleep patterns, and sleep hygiene. All outcomes had high risk of bias or some concerns with bias. Sleep education interventions were typically ineffective. Later school start times promoted longer sleep duration over 1 week (1 study, high risk of bias).

Conclusions
Current evidence does not provide school-based solutions for improving sleep health, perhaps highlighting a need for complex, multi-component interventions (e.g. whole-of-school approaches) to be trialed.
Pluripotent stem cells for target organ developmental toxicity testing
Authors: Wu Xian , Chen Yichang , Kreutz Anna , Silver Brian , Tokar Erik J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Prenatal developmental toxicity research focuses on understanding the potential adverse effects of environmental agents, drugs, and chemicals on the development of embryos and fetuses. Traditional methods involve animal testing, but ethical concerns and the need for human-relevant models have prompted the exploration of alternatives. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are versatile cells with the unique ability to differentiate into any cell type, serving as a foundational tool for studying human development. Two-dimensional (2D) PSC models are often chosen for their ease of use and reproducibility for high-throughput screening. However, they lack the complexity of an in vivo environment. Alternatively, three-dimensional (3D) PSC models, such as organoids, offer tissue architecture and intercellular communication more reminiscent of in vivo conditions. However, they are complicated to produce and analyze, usually requiring advanced and expensive techniques. This review discusses recent advances in the use of human PSCs differentiated into brain and heart lineages and emerging tools and methods that can be combined with PSCs to help address important scientific questions in the area of developmental toxicology. These advancements and new approach methods align with the push for more relevant and predictive developmental toxicity assessment, combining innovative techniques with organoid models to advance regulatory decision-making.
Assessment of associations between inhaled formaldehyde and lymphohematopoietic cancer through the integration of epidemiological and toxicological evidence with biological plausibility
Authors: Vincent Melissa J , Fitch Seneca , Bylsma Lauren , Thompson Chad , Rogers Sarah , Britt Janice , Wikoff Daniele 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Formaldehyde is recognized as carcinogenic for the portal of entry sites, though conclusions are mixed regarding lymphohematopoietic (LHP) cancers. This systematic review assesses the likelihood of a causal relationship between formaldehyde and LHP cancers by integrating components recommended by NASEM. Four experimental rodent bioassays and 16 observational studies in humans were included following the implementation of the a priori protocol. All studies were assessed for risk of bias (RoB), and meta-analyses were conducted on epidemiological studies, followed by a structured assessment of causation based on GRADE and Bradford Hill. RoB analysis identified systemic limitations precluding confidence in the epidemiological evidence due to inadequate characterization of formaldehyde exposure and a failure to adequately adjust for confounders or effect modifiers, thus suggesting that effect estimates are likely to be impacted by systemic bias. Mixed findings were reported in individual studies; meta-analyses did not identify significant associations between formaldehyde inhalation (when measured as ever/never exposure) and LHP outcomes, with meta-SMRs ranging from 0.50 to 1.51, depending on LHP subtype. No associations with LHP-related lesions were reported in reliable animal bioassays. No biologically plausible explanation linking the inhalation of FA and LHP was identified, supported primarily by the lack of systemic distribution and in vivo genotoxicity. In conclusion, the inconsistent associations reported in a subset of the evidence were not considered causal when integrated with the totality of the epidemiological evidence, toxicological data, and considerations of biological plausibility. The impact of systemic biases identified herein could be quantitatively assessed to better inform causality and use in risk assessment.
Parents’ Views on Prolonged Maternal Hospital Stay With Sick Newborn Infants in a Tertiary Neonatal Unit in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rodrigo Ranmali , Amir Lisa H. , Forster Della A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Mothers of infants in most Sri Lankan neonatal units are required to be “inpatients” during the entirety of their infant’s stay. This traditional practice is closely aligned to the relatively newer model of family-integrated care.

Purpose:
Exploration of parent’s views regarding the expectation for mothers to remain in hospital for the entire duration of their infant’s neonatal unit stay.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study of parents of infants admitted to the University neonatal unit of Colombo North Teaching Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka, using self-administered questionnaires in 2017.

Results:
We found that 40% (19/48) of mothers and 43% (16/37) of fathers preferred that mothers traveled from home, rather than being inpatients continuously, in order to care for older children, receive psychological support from family, and also due to other practical inconveniences of living in the hospital. The main barriers to women being able to travel from home were the need to safely provide expressed human milk for their hospitalized infants and current hospital administrative and societal attitudes.

Implications for Practice and Research:
We found that a considerable number of parents with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit in Sri Lanka would like the option of the mother being able travel from home, rather than being confined to hospital. To facilitate this option, changes in hospital protocols and further research into storage and transportation of expressed mother’s milk will be required. Improving facilities in hospital and providing more opportunities for families to interact with infants in neonatal intensive care unit will encourage mothers to remain in hospital continuously.
Hypothesis Tests for Continuous Audiometric Threshold Data
Authors: Liu Zechen , Wei Zhuoran , Li Jiaxuan , Curhan Gary , Curhan Sharon , Wang Molin 
Published: March 2024

Objectives:
Hypothesis tests for hearing threshold data may be challenging due to the special structure of the response variable, which consists of the measurements from the participant’s two ears at multiple frequencies. The commonly-used methods may have inflated type I error rates for the global test that examines whether exposure-hearing threshold associations exist in at least one of the frequencies. We propose using both-ear methods, including all frequencies in the same model for hypothesis testing.

Design:
We compared the both-ear method to commonly used single-ear methods, such as the worse-ear, better-ear, left/right-ear, average-ear methods, and both-ear methods that evaluate individual audiometric frequencies in separate models, through both theoretical consideration and a simulation study. Differences between the methods were illustrated using hypothesis tests for the associations between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension adherence score and 3-year change in hearing thresholds among participants in the Conservation of Hearing Study.

Results:
We found that (1) in the absence of ear-level confounders, the better-ear, worse-ear and left/right-ear methods have less power for frequency-specific tests and for the global test; (2) in the presence of ear-level confounders, the better-ear and worse-ear methods are invalid, and the left/right-ear and average-ear methods have less power, with the power loss in the left/right-ear much greater than the average-ear method, for frequency-specific tests and for the global test; and (3) the both-ear method with separate analyses for individual frequencies is invalid for the global test.

Conclusions:
For hypothesis testing to evaluate whether there are significant associations between an exposure of interest and audiometric hearing threshold measurements, the both-ear method that includes all frequencies in the same model is the recommended analytic approach.
Is the Ankle Fusion the Single Salvage Procedure and the Best Result for the Massive Distal Tibial Loss: Surgical Techniques and Clinical Results
Authors: Lerner Alexander , Jakusonoka Ruta , Jumtins Andris , Rothem David 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Management of high-energy injuries with extensive soft tissue damage and massive distal tibial loss is challenging and often lead to severe dysfunction. In these complex situations ankle fusion procedure is the most commonly performed surgery. Publications devoted to treatment options and outcomes in these surgical challenging conditions are relatively rare.

Objective:
The purpose of this work is to present our clinical experience in using staged external fixation protocol in the treatment of six patients who suffered from complex open fractures of the distal tibial segment with severe bone and soft tissue loss due to high-energy trauma.

Methods:
The retrospective analysis of six patients (Gustilo-Anderson III B and III C fractures) with massive distal tibial loss and treated using a staged protocol of external fixation between 1998 and 2010, was carried out. Mean bone loss was 11.5 cm (range, 9 – 15 cm).

Results:
All patients had reconstructive surgery using circular external fixation frames. The outcome in three of them was solid ankle fusion – two patients had acute distal shortening and proximal tibial elongation by distraction osteogenesis and one had acute fibular transfer to replace distal tibial loss with fixation using Ilizarov circular frame. In other three patients, the functional and the radiological outcome was pain-free ankle joint pseudoarthrosis – one had proximal tibial elongation, one had a combination of bone transport with distal fibular transfer and one had acute limb shortening without tibial elongation. All six patients were pain-free and satisfied with functional outcomes, regardless of the final solid bone fusion or pseudoarthrosis.

Conclusions:
The method of circular external fixation combined with proximal tibial elongation by distraction histogenesis is recommended for limb reconstruction in high-energy injuries with massive distal tibial loss including articular surface.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level Ⅳ.
Combined Morphine and Methadone Treatment: Two Case Reports
Authors: Srivastava Anita , Kahan Meldon 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The vast majority of accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Canada were fentanyl-related in 2022. The strongest evidence-based treatment defense against such deaths is opioid agonist treatment. In the hope of increasing treatment retention in opioid agonist treatment, recent guidelines have endorsed the addition of slow-release oral morphine (SROM) to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) as a long-term option and anecdotally, the practice is starting to take hold in some medical practices.

Case Reports:
Two case reports of patients who were prescribed both SROM and MMT concurrently for ongoing maintenance are presented and examined here.

Discussion:
These case reports demonstrate the possible benefit of combining SROM with MMT for long-term opioid agonist maintenance. Clinician and patient self-report narratives included an improved sense of well-being, stability, and reduced fentanyl and other opioid use.

Contexte:
La grande majorité des décès accidentels dus à l’intoxication aux opioïdes au Canada étaient liés au fentanyl en 2022. Le traitement par agoniste opioïde est le meilleur moyen de défense fondé sur des données probantes contre ces décès. Dans l’espoir d’accroître la rétention du traitement par agoniste opioïde (TAO), des lignes directrices récentes ont approuvé l’ajout de morphine orale à libération lente (MOLL) au traitement d’entretien à la méthadone (TEM) comme option à long terme et, de façon non officielle, la pratique commence à s’implanter dans certains cabinets médicaux.

Rapports de cas:
Deux rapports de cas de patients à qui l’on a prescrit simultanément de la MOLL et le TEM pour un traitement d’entretien continu sont présentés et examinés ici.

Discussion:
Ces rapports de cas démontrent les avantages possibles de la combinaison de la MOLL et du TEM pour l’entretien à long terme des agonistes opioïdes. Les récits des cliniciens et des patients comprennent une amélioration du sentiment de bien-être et de stabilité, ainsi qu’une réduction de la consommation de fentanyl et d’autres opioïdes.
Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging to Identify and Preserve the Fifth Anterior Intercostal Sensory Nerves during Inferior Pedicle Reduction Mammoplasty
Authors: Ramírez Mariano F. , Nahabedian Maurice Y. , Mendoza Santos Horacio , Rancati Agustin , Angrigiani Claudio , Dip Fernando , Rancati Alberto O. 
Published: March 2024

Summary:
Postoperative sensitivity of the nipple–areola complex (NAC) is an important concern for women after reduction mammoplasty. Previous studies have demonstrated that sensory branches of the fifth anterior intercostal nerve are important for innervating the NAC and that using an inferior pedicle technique is associated with improved sensory retention. The significance of this case report is that it demonstrates the importance of the fifth anterior intercostal sensory nerve branches using a prototype fluorescent imaging camera. The benefit of this device is that it can detect intraoperative auto-fluorescence of nerves and facilitate their identification and preservation, potentially facilitating the retention of sensation in the NAC and surrounding skin. The goals of this article are, therefore, to demonstrate the importance of this neurovascular pedicle when the inferior pedicle technique is used for breast reduction; and to provide demonstrative evidence of the nerve’s presence within the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator pedicle. The case involved a woman with mammary hypertrophy who underwent bilateral reduction mammoplasty using the inferior pedicle technique. Full NAC sensation was demonstrated on postoperative day 3 with complete sensory recovery at 1- and 3-month follow-up confirmed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of the fifth intercostal nerve being visualized during aesthetic breast surgery, demonstrating the importance of this neurovascular bundle for sensory preservation when an inferior pedicle reduction mammaplasty technique is used.
Intraluminal Suture Placement for Management of Hypotony After Glaucoma Drainage Device Surgery
Authors: Tang Minjia , Anchala Anupama R. , Tanna Angelo P. 
Published: March 2024

Précis:
Intraluminal 3-0 Supramid stent placement can be an effective long-term solution for hypotony after glaucoma drainage device surgery. This procedure may obviate the need for conjunctival dissection. In some cases, additional procedures are required.

Purpose:
To describe the utility of implantation of a multifilament polyamide suture (Supramid) in the tube lumen to reverse hypotony after glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery.

Patients:
Patients who underwent tube revision with intraluminal placement of a 3-0 Supramid stent, with or without external ligature, to manage hypotony following GDD surgery between January 2010 and October 2020.

Methods:
Resolution of hypotony was defined as IOP >5 mm Hg and the absence of hypotony-related structural abnormalities. Overall success was the absence of failure criteria (IOP ≤5 mm Hg, >21 mm Hg, or <20% reduction below baseline IOP after 3 months for 2 consecutive study visits; additional glaucoma surgery; or loss of light perception), with or without adjunctive ocular hypotensive therapy.

Results:
Nine eyes of 9 patients underwent placement of a 3-0 Supramid stent with a resolution of hypotony in all eyes with a mean follow-up duration of 33.3 ±24.0 months. Overall success was achieved in 7 of 9 eyes. Four eyes required intervention after stent placement: 1 eye required selective laser trabeculoplasty followed by replacement of the original stent with a shorter 3-0 Supramid suture and external ligature; 1 eye underwent revision for tube exposure; and 2 eyes underwent laser suture lysis to release an external suture ligature.

Conclusions:
In cases of hypotony after GDD, particularly when it is desirable to reduce the extent of additional conjunctival dissection, intraluminal placement of a 3-0 Supramid stent via an intracameral approach can be an effective long-term solution. Postoperative adjustments were required in many cases.