bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving Loads on a Pre‐stressed, Elastic Plate Strip
Authors: Adler A. A. , Reismann H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe response of an infinite, pre‐stressed plate strip under an arbitrarily distributed transverse moving line load is determined. The line of application of the load is perpendicular to the infinite edges, and the constant, uniform prestress is parallel to these edges. The load is assumed to propagate parallel to the infinite edges of the plate at constant speed. The solution of the boundary value problem is presented within the framework of a plate theory which includes the effects of shear deformation and rotatory inertia. It is shown that the character of the deformation and stress field is strongly dependent upon a single parameter which combines load speed and pre‐stress.
Representations for Distribution Algebras
Authors: Berg L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn [1] the possibility of multiplying distributions in the framework of a suitable algebra was shown, and a lot of new relations has been stated. Here we state simple representations by matrices as well as formal sums for such distribution algebras, which are equivalent to each other. By means of this representations it is possible to construct and to investigate models for distribution algebras, in which additional relations are valid. Furtheron it is possible to introduce integrals for products of distributions as well as seminorms or norms, respectively. Difficulties arising by an extension of the distribution algebra may be removed, considering distributions as operators like in [2].
Flow Induced by the Presence of a Conducting Porous Sphere in a Fluid Carrying a Uniform Current
Authors: Gupta R. K. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe effect of permeability on the drag coefficient induced by the passage of a uniform current parallel to the axis of a stationary porous conducting spherical shell in an incompressible viscous fluid occupying, inside and outside the sphere, is investigated. It is assumed that at infinity the velocity and uniform current are parallel to the axis of revolution. The method of matched asymptotic expansions is employed for investigating the effect of a uniform current on the velocity field. It has been observed that the drag found by the author [1] for the same problem in viscous incompressible fluid increases or decreases depending upon whether the fluid conductivity is larger than that of the sphere or vice versa. Akin to the previous solution derived by the author Stokes expansion in the two cases (i.e. inner and interior) depends upon the two parameters of porosity upto second approximation, but the drag is dependent upon m0 the first porosity parameter upto an order R the Reynolds number. The range of m0 remains the same as before i.e. 0 ≦ m0≦ 1/7.
Über konvergente Zerlegungen bei nichtlinearen Abbildungen
Authors: Alefeld G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractZur Auflösung der nichtlinearen Gleichung F(x) = w in einem Banach‐Raum B wird das Iterationsverfahren M(xk+1) − N(xk) = w, k = 0, 1, 2, …, mit F(x) = M(x) − N(x) betrachtet. Es werden (in den Sätzen 1, 3 und 4) notwendige und hinreichende Bedingungen für die Konvergenz angegeben. Zum Beweis wird der in [1] und [5] eingeführte Begriff der regulären Zerlegung einer nichtlinearen Abbildung verwendet. Die bewiesenen Resultate enthalten als Spezialfall entsprechende Resultate für lineare Gleichungssysteme, welche in [4] und [2] bewiesen wurden.
Fließspannungen und Fließbedingung bei zyklischen Verformungen
Authors: Backhaus G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBei zyklischer plastischer Verformung metallischer Werkstoffe treten bekanntlich im wesentlichen folgende Effekte auf: der Bauschingereffekt, ein Relaxationseffekt sowie der Effekt der zyklischen Entfestigung. In früheren Arbeiten [1, 2] wurden Ansätze zur analytischen Erfassung der genannten Effekte mitgeteilt.Diese Ansätze erfahren in dem folgenden Beitrag eine nochmalige Behandlung, wobei insbesondere ein neuer Ansatz für die zyklische Entfestigung eine wesentliche Verbesserung darstellt. Es werden allgemeine Beziehungen für die Ermittlung der Fließspannungen bei beliebiger Verformungsgeschichte und quantitative Daten für ihre rechnerische Bestimmung angegeben. Ergebnisse numerischer Berechnungsbeispiele und Vergleiche mit Versuchen werden mitgeteilt.
Free Flexural Vibration of Initially Imperfect Thin Plates with Large Elastic Amplitudes
Authors: Celep Z. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractApproximate solutions for the free flexural vibration of initially imperfect thin rectangular plates with large deflections are presented with four boundary conditions. The effects of large amplitudes and initial imperfections on the vibration are investigated. Numerical results represented in figures make these effects more clear.
Über Bewegungszustände kräftefreier Disklinationen
Authors: Günther H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie dynamische Feldtheorie der Disklinationen definiert für diese eine stabile Gleichgewichtslage. Es wird gezeigt, daß keine periodischen kräftefreien Eigenbewegungen von Keildisklinationen um diese Gleichgewichtslage existieren (im Unterschied zur Existenz von kräftefreien Eigenschwingungen von Versetzungen). Dazu wird ein allgemeines Theorem hergeleitet, nach dem alle geraden oder ungeraden Ableitungen jeder hypothetischen kräftefreien Bewegungsfunktion zu einem gewissen Zeitpunkt verschwinden, wenn dies nur für die nullte oder erste Ableitung zu diesem Zeitpunkt gilt.
Ein Finites Elementverfahren für linear‐viskoses‐isotropes Stoffverhalten
Authors: Krings W. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDer folgende Aufsatz beschreibt die Berechnung des linearen viskosen Stoffverhaltens mit dem Weggrößenverfahren der Finiten Elementmethode (FEM). Es werden nur geometrisch lineare Probleme betrachtet. Das isotrope Stoffverhalten wird durch ein Feder‐Dämpfer‐Modell für den Deviatorzustand und eins für den hydrostatischen Zustand beschrieben. Die gezeigte Formulierung führt auf die Lösung einer gewöhnlichen Matrizendifferentialgleichung mit konstanten Koeffizientemmatrizen. Das Verfahren eignet sich zur Berechnung von Kriech‐ und Schwingungsvorgängen.
Ethanol extraction of soybean oil
Authors: Arnold Lionel K. , Choudhury R. Basu Roy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractExtraction of soybean flakes with 90, 95, 98 and 100% ethanol resulted in more rapid lipid and less rapid non‐lipid removal with the increasing ethanol concentrations. There was little difference in the quality of the oil produced by the different solvents. Protein content of the residual meal averaged 52.1%.
The effects of fat upon the rates of digestion in the human stomach of meals of high protein content
Authors: Killian John A. , Knapp Mary G. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryResults of the two series of experiments on four human subjects who were representative of normal gastric secretory and motor functions have shown that, under the experimental conditions, neither moderate nor large amounts of fat, added to lean beef either by physical mixing or by cooking, affect the gastric secretory response to the meals.In other words, the addition to lean beef of fat as a hydrogenated vegetable oil did not diminish the capacity of the gastric juice to digest protein.Also, the addition of moderate or large amounts of fat to the lean beef did not retard the evacuation from the stomach of either the protein or the fat of the meal.
Physical‐chemical properties of tall‐oil soap solutions
Authors: Snell Foster Dee , Reich Irving 
Published: May 2007

SummaryAcid‐refined tall‐oil was separated into resin acid and fatty acids of approximately 94% purity, made into soaps, and compared with those made from oleic acid and rosin. Tall‐oil resin‐acid soap and rosin soap are roughly comparable in dispersing power and lowering of surface tension and interfacial tension. The tall‐oil fatty‐acid soap shows some points of inferiority to sodium oleate, as might reasonably be expected because of its greater unsaturation.
Utilization of the seed of the Chinese tallow tree
Authors: Bolley Don S. , McCormack Ralph H. 
Published: May 2007

ConclusionsThe experiments described above indicate that the seed of the Chinese tallow tree can readily be processed in equipment available in many oil mills. The most promising products are tallow, stillingia oil, and high protein flour. There is also the possibility of utilizing the shell and the fiber. Thus it has been established that the seed has a definite market value. Whether or not Chinese tallow tree culture can be profitable will depend on the cost of raising the trees and harvesting the seeds in this country. This problem is being actively studied by Dr. Potts of Texas A. & M. and others. It has been estimated (12) that 160 trees can be grown per acre which would yield after six years somewhat over 60 pounds of seed per tree or 10,000 pounds per acre. The Chinese tallow tree as a source of valuable seeds should continue to receive serious consideration.
Synthetic detergents in the soap industry
Authors: Borghetty H. C. , Bergman C. A. 
Published: May 2007

ConclusionIt is the opinion of the authors that much can be done to improve the efficiency of soap in hard water by building it on a ternary system, which will make it more competitive against built synthetic detergents in areas of low and medium hard water. This appears to be particularly advantageous because of the present low prices of fat and greases and the large stocks that are available today
Comparison of the whole fruit and component methods of analysis of tung fruit
Authors: Pack Frank C. , Holmes Raiford L. , McKinney Robert S. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryThe effect of moisture content and fineness of grinding on the percentages of oil extracted by the whole fruit method were investigated and the results compared with those obtained by the component method.The spacing of the plates on the Bauer laboratory mill used for grinding whole tung fruit for oil analysis was found not to be critical within certain narrow limits. No differences were found in the oil content when samples of fruit were ground with plate spacings from 0.004 inch to 0.012 inch, but the results were lower with plate spacings of 0.020 inch.No difference was found in the percentages of oil obtained by the component and the whole fruit methods when the results were calculated on the basis of the original moist sample and no correction had to be applied in the calculation of the results by the whole fruit method.The average percentage of moisture obtained by the two methods differ, consequently care must be used in comparing oil contents calculated to a moisture‐free basis since the differences in moisture content will be reflected in the values for the apparent oil content.Careful analyses of tung fruit by either the whole fruit or the component method yield reliable results over a wide range of moisture content although in the case of the component method unusually wet kernels (above 10% moisture) must be partially dried before regrinding in a mortar and pestle during the extraction operation.
Sesame oil. II. Some chemical and physical properties of the oils from different varieties of sesame seed
Authors: Menezes F. G. T. , Budowski Pierre , Dollear F. G. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryFour varieties of sesame seed, grown in South Carolina, Nebraska, and Nicaragua, were solvent extracted in a pilot‐plant and the oils examined with respect to their physical and chemical characteristics. Only slight variations were found in these constants and in the composition of the oils.The oils were refined, bleached, hydrogenated to shortening consistency, and deodorized. The refining losses were low (1.4% to 4.7%) and the bleach colors light (1–3 yellow/0.4–0.6 red, Lovibond scale). Changes in composition and in values of the refractive index and plasticity during hydrogenation were similar to those reported for other oils of similar characteristics. The hydrogenated oils reached a shortening consistency at an iodine value of about 69. A.O.M. stability values for the hydrogenated oils were high.The data presented indicate that conventional methods of processing sesame oil can be applied with good results. Changes in constants and fatty acid composition during hydrogenation are essentially similar to those occurring in other vegetable oils, such as cottonseed or peanut oils.
A modification of the periodic acid method for the determination of monoglycerides and free glycerol in fats and oils
Authors: Pohle W. D. , Mehlenbacher V. C. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryA modified and improved method for the determination of monoglyceride by the periodic acid method has been presented as well as a method for free glycerol in fatty products. The advantages of the method for monoglyceride are 1. eliminates danger of secondary reactions due to elevated temperatures, 2. eliminates the need of shaking to effect good contact and complete reaction between sample and reagent, and 3. makes removal of free glycerol from the sample easier.
A colorimetric method for water‐soluble silicates in detergents
Authors: Miller William J. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryWater‐soluble silica is determined rapidly and accurately by measuring the color produced after the development of silico‐molybdic acid. Citric acid is used to eliminate any interference from phosphate builders. The entire procedure requires not more than 30 minutes and is applicable to both soaps and synthetic detergents. Semi‐quantitative estimation between limits may be carried out even more rapidly by using picric acid standards and a visual comparator.
Comparative composition of soybean and corn phosphatides
Authors: Scholfield C. R. , McGuire T. A. , Dutton Herbert J. 
Published: May 2007

SummaryCorn phosphatides have been separated into alcohol‐soluble and alcohol‐insoluble fractions employing the same procedure previously used with soybean phosphatides. Alcohol‐soluble and alcohol‐insoluble portions have been fractionated by countercurrent distribution. The alcohol‐soluble portion was found to contain lecithin and a small amount of cephalin. In addition to the phosphatides a nitrogen containing compound was concentrated in the 95% methanol‐soluble fractions along with a small amount of sugar. As with the corresponding alcohol‐insoluble fraction from soybean phosphatides, two major types of phosphoinositides are found to be present, those more soluble in hexane and those more soluble in 95% methanol. In contrast to soybean phosphatides most of the sugar is concentrated in the hexane‐soluble fractions. The phosphorus to nitrogen and phosphorus to inositol ratios vary widely and do not approximate two as was the case in the soybean inositides. However the more hexane‐soluble fractions seem to be made up largely of material with one mole of phosphorus for each mole of nitrogen and sugar.
Phase relations pertaining to the solvent winterization of cottonseed and peanut oils in acetone
Authors: Skau Evald L. , Dopp W. N. , Burleigh E. G. , Banowetz L. F. 
Published: May 2007

Summary and ConclusionsSystematic physical chemical data on the solventwinterization behavior of cottonseed and peanut oils with acetone have been obtained which should serve as a basis for selecting the conditions necessary for the effective solvent winterization of these oils in acetone.Cottonseed and peanut oils are only partially miscible with acetone below certain temperatures which have been determined. In peanut oil this phenomenon may interfere with the winterization process within a certain range of concentrations. For cottonseed oil however the separation into two liquid phases does not occur until some 5°C. below the temperature required for adequate winterization.Complete data for a 3‐hour holding‐time have been obtained for three cottonseed oils ranging in iodine value from 106.1 to 116.4. Tables and graphs have been constructed to show the effect of oil‐solvent ratio, chilling temperature, holding‐time, agitation, and iodine value of the original oil on the percentage of solid removed and on the degree of winterization and iodine value of the winterized oil.Similar data have been obtained for a refined peanut oil insofar as possible without interference from separation into two liquid phases. It seems probable that if acetone were used as the winterization solvent for peanut oil, the separation into two liquid layers and the sensitivity of this phenomenon to moisture might be a source of processing difficulties especially if filtration instead of centrifugation were used to separate the solid from the supernatant.
Clinical improvement after treatment with VEGF165 in patients with severe chronic lower limb ischaemia
Authors: Anghel Andrei , Mut-Vitcu Bogdan , Savu Lorand , Marian Catalin , Seclaman Edward , Iman Raluca , Neghina Adriana-Maria , Dragulescu Stefan I. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
The present study focuses on the application of a therapeutic strategy in patients with chronic severe lower limb ischaemia using a plasmid vector encoding the vascular endothelial growth factor (phVEGF165). It has been shown that VEGF promotes neo-vascularization and blood vessel network formation and thus might have the ability to improve blood-flow at the level of the affected limbs. However, little information is available regarding the necessary level of expression of VEGF and its possible related adverse effects. We have subcloned VEGF

165
isoform into pCMV-Script expression vector (Stratagene) under the control of the CMV promoter. Three patients with chronic ischaemia of the lower limb, considered as not suitable for surgical re-vascularization, received intramuscular injection with 0.5 ml saline solution containing 1011 copies of VEGF

165
plasmid. The clinical evolution has been monitored by angiography and estimated by walking time on the rolling carpet (Gardner protocol). Two months after therapy, all three patients showed complete relief of rest pain, improvement of ischaemic ulcer lesions and increased walking distance on the rolling carpet most probably due to appearance of newly formed collateral vessels.
Impulsivity in bipolar-II disorder: Trait, state, or both?
Authors: Benazzi Franco 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackgroundIn bipolar-II (BP-II) disorder impulsivity (defined as excessive risky activities by DSM-IV-TR) is one of the symptoms of hypomania. It is unclear if impulsivity is also a trait in BP-II.Study aimThe aim was to test if impulsivity was also a trait in BP-II.MethodsConsecutive 136 remitted BP-II outpatients (assessed when presenting for depression by a mood disorder specialist psychiatrist using the Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV), self-assessed trait impulsivity during follow-ups, using the Personality Questionnaire of the Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders, in a private practice. Trait mood swings were also self-assessed, using the TEMPS-A. A trait nature of impulsivity in BP-II could be supported by finding (1) a relatively high frequency, (2) association between trait impulsivity and symptoms of past hypomania, especially impulsivity, (3) dose–response relationship between number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity, and (4) association between trait impulsivity and trait mood swings (a trait feature of BP-II).ResultsTrait impulsivity was present in 41.1% of BP-II. BP-II with, versus BP-II without, trait impulsivity had significantly more males, trait mood swings, past hypomania symptoms (irritable mood, talkativeness, increased goal-directed activity), and excessive risky activities (i.e. state impulsivity), corresponding to an irritable risky overactivity. Past state impulsivity and trait impulsivity were significantly associated. Number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity were significantly correlated. A dose–response relationship was found between number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity.DiscussionFindings suggest that trait impulsivity may be a feature of BP-II. Limitation of self-assessment of personality traits should be taken into account. Findings may have treatment impacts, as the combination of trait impulsivity and mood swings may facilitate relapses and mixed states, which mood stabilising agents could prevent/delay.
The relationship of personality traits to substance abuse in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Haro Gonzalo , Calabrese Joseph R. , Larsson Christina , Shirley Edwin R. , Martín Eva , Leal Carmen , Delgado Pedro L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to determine if personality traits contribute to the likelihood of substance abuse in Bipolar Disorder (BD).Subjects/materials and methodsFifty-nine patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for BD: 20 without any history of Substance Related Disorder (SRD), 21 with a lifetime history of SRD but without current SRD, and 18 with current SRD. Patients filled out the TCI, the differences were analyzed by ANOVA and the likelihood was obtained by Multinomial Logistic Regression.ResultsOnly Novelty Seeking (NS) is statistically different between the groups. Patients with BD with current SRD have higher rates in NS than those with past SRD, and those without a history of SRD. NS was confirmed as a predicting variable, both to current SRD (OR [CI 95%] = 1.039/1.351; p = 0.011) and past SRD (OR [CI 95%] = 1.004/1.277; p = 0.042) on patients with BD.DiscussionThe results shown would appear to confirm the relationship of NS with the SRD, so long as there is no clear evidence that indicates the association of NS with BD.ConclusionsThere appears a greater predisposition to develop SRD in those patients with a higher degree of NS. The use of the Cloninger's TCI could be used in BD to determine the risk of developing an SRD. Early detection might help improve prognosis.
Time Use Surveys: a Review of their Aims, Methods, and Results
Authors: Chenu Alain , Lesnard Laurent 
Published: May 2007

Le propre des enquêtes sur les emplois du temps est de faire appel à un dispositif de questionnement spécifique, le carnet quotidien d'activités, mis au point dans l'U.R.S.S. des années 1920, standardisé dans le cadre du programme multinational d'enquêtes dirigé par Alexandre Szalai en 1965–66, et ensuite généralisé à un trés grand nombre de pays. Le carnet permet de quantifier les durées d'activités faiblement institutionnalisées telles que, notamment, le travail domestique et les loisirs.Les principaux résultats de recherche obtenus sur la base spécifique d'enquétes sur les emplois du temps sont décrits dans trois domaines thématiques principaux, les débats sur la civilisation du loisir, l'évolution des rôles de genre, et la synchronisation familiale des temps sociaux.