bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Taekkyon-based exercise program on balance, lower extremity strength, and gait parameters in community-dwelling older women: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Chang Yong , Jeong Hye Won , Baek Chang Yoon , Kim Suhng Wook , Kim Hyeong Dong 
Published: March 2024

Background:
As individuals age, they experience a decline in muscle strength and balance, leading to diminished functional capacity and an increased risk of falls. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of the Taekkyon-based exercise program on balance, muscle strength, and gait ability in women aged over 65-year-old residing in the local community.

Methods:
Forty-eight subjects were randomly allocated into the Taekkyon-based exercise program as an experimental group (EG = 25; mean age: 71.68 ± 3.26) or a fall prevention program as a control group (CG = 23; mean age: 73.65 ± 5.88). EG participants received 1-hour Taekkyon exercise sessions twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. CG participants received a typical fall prevention program. The measurements in each group included assessments of balance levels (the timed up-and-go test, one-leg stance, and functional reach test), lower extremity strength (the 5-chair stand test and 30-second chair stand test), and gait parameters (cadence, step length, step width, stride length, stride time, and gait velocity) before and after the intervention.

Results:
After the intervention, balance (timed up-and-go test, one-leg stance, and functional reach test), lower extremity strength (5-chair stand test and 30-second chair stand test), and gait parameters (cadence, stride time, and gait velocity) showed a significant improvement in EG participants compared to CG participants (P < .05). Compared to the normal value of balance ability and strength of elderly women over 65 years of age, most outcomes were greater than average normal values for those receiving Taekkyon exercise.

Conclusion:
Taekkyon-based exercise program was more effective in improving balance, lower extremity strength, and gait capacity than the usual fall prevention program in elderly women over 65 years of age. Its effects can approach normal values for women in this age group. The 12-week Taekkyon-based exercise program could be useful as part of a fall prevention program to elderly people.
Clinical responses to vemurafenib in postoperative recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma with esophageal fistula: A case report
Authors: He Sicheng , Lu Wei , Ding Xun , Zhou Jun , Liu Di , Zhu Yang , Yang Fugang , Fu Zanmei 
Published: March 2024

Background:
While papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally exhibits a favorable prognosis post-surgery, the poorly differentiated subtype presents elevated rates of postoperative recurrence. Certain aggressive cases demonstrate invasive behavior, compromising adjacent structures and leading to a poor prognosis. This study delineates a unique case of postoperative PTC recurrence, complicated by esophageal fistula, that showed favorable outcomes following brief Vemurafenib treatment.

Patient description:
A 64-year-old female patient underwent surgical resection for PTC, subsequently experiencing rapid tumor recurrence and development of an esophageal fistula.

Diagnosis:
The patient was confirmed to have locally advanced PTC through intraoperative cytopathology. The cancer recurred postoperatively, culminating in the formation of an esophageal fistula.

Methods:
The patient was administered Vemurafenib at a dosage of 960 mg twice daily following tumor recurrence.

Results:
A 12-month regimen of targeted Vemurafenib therapy led to a substantial reduction in tumor size. Concurrently, the esophageal fistula underwent complete healing, facilitating successful removal of the gastrostomy tube. The tumor response was classified as stable disease.

Conclusion subsections:
Vemurafenib demonstrates potential as a targeted therapeutic strategy for recurrent PTC harboring the BRAFV600E mutation. This approach may effectively mitigate tumor dimensions and the associated risk of esophageal and tracheal fistulas.
Lipid emulsion treatment for local anesthetic systemic toxicity in pediatric patients: A systematic review
Authors: Lee Soo Hee , Kim Sunmin , Sohn Ju-Tae 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is rare, but fatal; the current widely used treatment is lipid emulsion (LE). The goal of this study was to analyze and review case reports on LE treatment for LAST in pediatric patients.

Methods:
We performed a systematic review using case reports on LE treatment for LAST in pediatric patients, searching PubMed and Scopus databases to March 2023 using the following keywords: (“local anesthetic toxicity” OR “local anesthetic systemic toxicity” OR LAST”) AND (“newborn” OR “infant” OR “child” OR “children” OR “adolescent” OR “pediatric”) AND (“lipid emulsion” OR “Intralipid”).

Results:
Our search yielded 21 cases, revealing that nearly 43% patients with LAST were less than 1 year old, and most cases were caused by bupivacaine (approximately 67% cases). “Inadvertent intravascular injection” by anesthesiologists and “overdose of local anesthetics” mainly by surgeons were responsible for 52% and 24% cases of LAST, respectively. LAST occurred in the awake state (52%) and under general anesthesia (48%), mainly causing seizures and arrhythmia, respectively. Approximately 55% of patients received LE treatment in <10 minutes after LAST, mainly improving cardiovascular symptoms. A 20% LE (1.5 mL/kg) dose followed by 0.25 mL/kg/minutes dose was frequently used. LE and anticonvulsants were mainly used in the awake state, whereas LE with or without vasopressors was mainly used under general anesthesia. LE treatment led to full recovery from LAST in 20 cases; however, 1 patient died due to underlying disease.

Conclusion:
Consequently, our findings reveal that LE is effective in treating pediatric LAST.
Reducing symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in elementary students: the effectiveness of neurofeedback
Authors: Shojaei Behnaz , Naeim Mahdi , Kazemi Zahra , Taheri Mostafa , Imannezhad Shima , Mohammadi Yasaman 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and importance:
This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of neurofeedback on the symptoms of hyperactivity and attention deficit in primary school students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) disorder.

Case presentation:
The present study utilized a randomized clinical trial with pre-test and post-test measurements and included a control group. The research population included all primary school students with ADHD in 2023; 50 of these children were selected as the experimental group based on the accessible sampling method, and 50 were also included in the control group. Neurofeedback treatment sessions for the experimental group were 30 sessions. Research data were collected in three stages: pre-test and post-test, using a questionnaire based on the Conners rating scale from parents. SPSS-25 analyzed the data.

Clinical discussion:
The results showed that neurofeedback is associated with significant effectiveness in the symptoms of attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity of students (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that neurofeedback treatment is effective in reducing attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms of students with ADHD disorder. It is suggested to widely use neurofeedback to reduce the symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.
Determinants of cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetic patients attending diabetic follow-up clinic in Arba Minch general hospital, southern Ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study
Authors: Annose Rodas Temesgen , Asefa Henok , Gezahagn Yenealem , Abebe Getachew , Hailu Zewde Tadiwos 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death and disability among patients with type 2 diabetes, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have a 2–4-fold increased risk of CVD. There is limited data about cardiovascular disease risks and its determinants among T2DM patients in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify possible predictors of cardiovascular diseases among adults with T2DM in southern Ethiopia.

Methods:
A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted at southern Ethiopia Arbaminch Hospital on 196 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes on follow-up (98 cases and 98 controls). The authors collected data using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, laboratory checklist, and additional document review of T2DM patients. A multivariable binary logistic regression was fitted to identify cardiovascular disease determinants, and the findings were presented using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI.

Result:
The mean reported age (±SD) of the cases and the controls was 56.3.3 (±8.9) and 52.3 (±9.3) years, respectively. The two identified independent determinants of cardiovascular disease with AOR [95% CI] were hypertension [AOR=4.953, 95% CI (2.47, 9.93) and persistent urine albuminuria [AOR=12.9, 95% CI (3.98, 41.7)].

Conclusion:
This study showed that having high blood pressure and persistent urine albuminuria are independent predictors of cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients. The current study setting needs an intervention for mitigating these cardiovascular disease determinants.
Effect of cervical paraesophageal lymph node metastasis versus supraclavicular lymph node metastasis on the overall survival of patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: an observational study
Authors: Li Kexun , Li Changding , Lu Simiao , He Wenwu , Wang Chenghao , Han Yongtao , Leng Xuefeng , Peng Lin 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a major global health burden, with a particularly high incidence in East Asia. The authors aimed to investigate the effect of metastasis in cervical paraesophageal lymph nodes (station 101) and supraclavicular lymph nodes (station 104) on the survival of patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from the database of the authors’ hospital. The authors retrospectively analyzed the patients with EC who underwent esophagectomy from January 2010 to December 2017. These patients were allocated into two groups based on the presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in the cervical paraesophageal or supraclavicular regions. Clinical outcomes and survival data were compared using the TNM staging system of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC).

Results:
After a median follow-up of 62.1 months, 122 patients with LNM in the supraclavicular region were included in the study. Among these patients, 53 showed cervical paraesophageal LNM and an overall survival (OS) of 19.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 16.3–23.5]. In contrast, 69 patients showed supraclavicular LNM with an OS of 34.9 months (95% CI 25.7–44.1). The OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 77%, 29%, and 21%, respectively, for patients with cervical paraesophageal LNM. Moreover, patients with supraclavicular LNM demonstrated OS rates of 88%, 48%, and 34%, respectively [Hazard ratio (HR): 0.634, 95% CI: 0.402–1.000, P=0.042].

Conclusions:
Patients with ESCC with cervical paraesophageal LNM had significantly worse OS than those with supraclavicular LNM. This study underscores the importance of accurately identifying and managing ESCC with cervical paraesophageal LNM, as it may require more tailored and aggressive treatment strategies to prolong patient survival.
Stunting and its associated factors among children living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dagnew Zewdu , Mengist Zeleke , Tesema Cheru , Temesgen Tegegne , Kumlachew Lake , Teym Abraham , Yirdaw Getasew , Bewket Yenewa , Addisie Zemene , Ayele Kemachew , Ayele Agernesh , Adane Balew , Tegegne Eniyew 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Growth failure is a common feature of children living with HIV/AIDS. This study was intended to assess the level of stunting and its associated factors among children living with HIV/AIDS.

Methods:
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 218 children living with HIV/AIDS. An interviewer-administered data collection tools and anthropometric measurements were used to collect data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent variables. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI at a P value of 0.05, which was considered to declare statistical significance.

Result:
The level of stunting among children infected with HIV/AIDS in selected northwest comprehensive specialized hospitals in western Amhara was 56.9%. Poor anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=6.15, 95% CI, (3.88–9.69)], lack of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis [AOR=2.0, 95% CI, (1.88–2.98)], opportunistic infection [AOR=4.66, 95% CI, (3.24–6.11), and feeding twice [AOR=3.88, 95% CI, (1.94–5.14)] and feeding three times [AOR=1.52, 95% CI, (1.23–3.89)] were significantly associated with stunting.

Conclusion:
Stunting among HIV/AIDS-infected children was very high. Poor ART adherence, lack of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, opportunistic infection, and low feeding frequency were significantly associated to stunting among HIV/AIDS-infected children. Strategies need to be devised to address factors amenable to modification to improve the growth of children living with HIV/AIDS.
Outcomes of discordant HIV screening test results at a southern academic medical center
Authors: Colbrunn Danielle K. , Jacks Courtney , Curry Scott R. , Gebregziabher Mulugeta , Meissner Eric G. 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine outcomes of follow-up for persons with discordant fourth-generation HIV screening test results.

Design:
A retrospective chart review.

Methods:
We analyzed the electronic health record at the Medical University of South Carolina for a 10-year period spanning 2012–2022 to identify instances of discordant HIV screening test results, wherein initial antigen/antibody screening was positive, but reflex confirmatory testing for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies was negative. We reviewed individual records to evaluate clinical follow-up and determine if the discordant test represented an acute HIV infection, a false-positive result, or was unresolved.

Results:
We identified 199 testing instances with discordant results. Most discordant results (n = 115) were subsequently determined to reflect a false-positive test, while 56 were unresolved without documented follow-up testing. Twenty-eight cases of acute HIV infection were identified of which 26 were linked to care within a month of initial testing. Two acute HIV cases were not identified in real time leading to delay in diagnosis and care. Testing done in the context of infectious symptoms and testing performed in the emergency department were associated with increased odds of a discordant test ultimately reflecting acute HIV infection.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate the importance of appropriate and timely follow-up for discordant HIV screening test results.
Benchmarking organ-specific responses to therapies in tissues differentiated from Cystic Fibrosis patient derived iPSCs
Authors: Daoud Abdelkader , Xia Sunny , Laselva Onofrio , Jiang Janet , Bear Christine E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening disease that is caused by mutations in theCFTRgene, a gene that is expressed in multiple organs. There are several primary tissue models of CF disease, including nasal epithelial cultures and rectal organoids, that are effective in reporting the potential efficacy of mutation-targeted therapies called CFTR modulators. However, there is the well-documented variation in tissue dependent, therapeutic response amongst CF patients, even those with the same CF-causing mutation. Hence, there is an interest in developing strategies for benchmarking therapeutic efficacy in different organs relative to isogenic controls. In this study, we evaluated the CFTR chloride channel response to the highly effective CFTR modulator: Trikafta, in CF patient specific, iPSC-derived colonic and airway cultures relative to mutation-corrected (non-CF) tissues from that same individual. We measured pharmacological rescue in both tissues, but interestingly, Trikafta treatment resulted in different levels of functional rescue in the two tissues relative to the relevant isogenic control. This proof-of-concept study lays the groundwork for future comparisons of patient-specific CF therapeutic responses in both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary systems.
Hsa_circ_0001304 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell autophagy and neointimal hyperplasia through the YTHDF2/mTOR axis
Authors: Mu Shi-Qing , Lin Jia-Jie , Wang Yu , Yang Li-Yun , Wang Sen , Wang Zhao-Yi , Zhao An-Qi , Luo Wen-Jun , Dong Zi-Qi , Cao Yu-Guang , Jiang Ze-An , Wang Si-Fan , Cao Shan-Hu , Meng Li , Li Yang , Yang Shu-Yan , Sun Shao-Guang 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAberrant autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is associated with the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have gradually been reported to regulate autophagy in VSMCs.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0001304 in VSMC autophagy and its underlying mechanism.MethodsThe combined use of dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, MeRIP-qRT-PCR, RIP-qRT-PCR, etc., was performed to verify the regulatory axis, hsa_circ_0001304/miR-636/YTHDF2/mTOR. Cell autophagy detection was performed to uncover the role of hsa_circ_0001304 on VSMC autophagy. The mouse carotid artery ligation model was conducted to assess the role of hsa_circ_0001304 on vascular neointimal hyperplasia.ResultsHsa_circ_0001304 acts as a sponge for miR-636, leading to an increase in the protein levels of YTHDF2. Subsequently, the YTHDF2 promotes the degradation of mTOR mRNA by binding to the latter’s m6A modification sites. Thus, by regulating the miR-636/YTHDF2/mTOR axis, hsa_circ_0001304 activates VSMC autophagy, aggravating neointimal hyperplasia.ConclusionOur findings suggest that autophagy-related hsa_circ_0001304 could serve as a novel therapeutic target for neointimal hyperplasia-related cardiovascular diseases.Including spacesOur study documents a novel VSMC autophagy-related circRNA, namely circ-1304, which activates VSMC autophagy through the miR-636/YTHDF2/mTOR axis, thereby exacerbating neointimal hyperplasia. Targeting autophagy-related circ-1304 may contribute to the treatment of neointimal hyperplasia-associated cardiovascular diseases.
Assessing fecal metaproteomics workflow and small protein recovery using DDA and DIA PASEF mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Angela , Fekete Emily E F , Creskey Marybeth , Cheng Kai , Ning Zhibin , Pfeifle Annabelle , Li Xuguang , Figeys Daniel , Zhang Xu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to evaluate the impact of experimental workflow on fecal metaproteomic observations, including the recovery of small and antimicrobial proteins often overlooked in metaproteomic studies. The overarching goal is to provide guidance for optimized metaproteomic experimental design, considering the emerging significance of the gut microbiome in human health, disease, and therapeutic interventions.MethodsMouse feces were utilized as the experimental model. Fecal sample pre-processing methods (differential centrifugation and non-differential centrifugation), protein digestion techniques (in-solution and filter-aided), data acquisition modes (data-dependent and data-independent, or DDA and DIA) when combined with parallel accumulation-serial fragmentation (PASEF), and different bioinformatic workflows were assessed.ResultsWe showed that, in DIA-PASEF metaproteomics, the library-free search using protein sequence database generated from DDA-PASEF data achieved better identifications than using the generated spectral library. Compared to DDA, DIA-PASEF identified more microbial peptides, quantified more proteins with less missing values, and recovered more small antimicrobial proteins. We didn’t observe obvious impacts of protein digestion methods on both taxonomic and functional profiles. However, differential centrifugation decreased the recovery of small and antimicrobial proteins, biased the taxonomic observation with a marked over-estimation ofMuribaculumspecies, and altered the measured functional compositions of metaproteome.ConclusionThis study underscores the critical impact of experimental choices on metaproteomic outcomes and sheds light on the potential biases introduced at different stages of the workflow. The comprehensive methodological comparisons serve as a valuable guide for researchers aiming to enhance the accuracy and completeness of metaproteomic analyses.
A genome-wide RNA interference screening reveals protectiveness of SNX5 knockdown in a Parkinson’s disease cell model
Authors: Höllerhage Matthias , Duan Linghan , Chua Oscar Wing Ho , Moebius Claudia , Bothe Svenja , Hopfner Franziska , Wahl-Schott Christian , Bickle Marc , Höglinger Günter U. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlpha-synuclein is a major player in the pathophysiology of a group of diseases called synucleinopathies, which include Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. To date, there is no disease-modifying therapy available for these synucleinopathies. Furthermore, the intracellular mechanisms by which alpha-synuclein confers toxicity are not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to investigate the pathophysiology of alpha-synuclein-induced toxicity in order to identify novel molecular targets for the development of disease-modifying therapies.MethodsIn the present study, we performed the first genome-wide siRNA modifier screening in a human postmitotic neuronal cell model using alpha-synuclein-induced toxicity as read-out. In a multi-step approach, we identified several genes, whose knockdown protected from alpha-synuclein-induced toxicity. The main hit was further validated by different methods, including immunofluorescence microscopy, qPCR, and Western blot.ResultsThe highest protection was achieved by knockdown ofSNX5, which encodes the SNX5 protein, a component of the retromer complex. We confirmed the protective efficacy ofSNX5knockdown with an independent siRNA system. SNX5 protein is part of SNX-BAR heterodimers, which are part of the retromer complex. We found that extracellular and overexpressed intracellular alpha-synuclein led to fragmentation of the trans-Golgi network, which was prevented bySNX5knockdown by confining alpha-synuclein in early endosomes.ConclusionIn summary, our data suggest that SNX5 plays an important role in trafficking and toxicity of alpha-synuclein. Therefore, SNX5 appears to be a possible target for therapeutic interventions in synucleinopathies.