bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strained Metallocenophanes and Related Organometallic Rings Containing π‐Hydrocarbon Ligands and Transition‐Metal Centers
Authors: Herbert David E. , Mayer Ulrich F. J. , Manners Ian 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Multifunctional Nanoarchitecture in Lipid Bilayers: Ion Channels, Sensors, and Photosystems
Authors: Mareda Jiri , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Naturally Occurring Secoiridoids and Bioactivity of Naturally Occurring Iridoids and Secoiridoids. A Review. Part 2.
Authors: Dinda Biswanath , Debnath Sudhan , Harigaya Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Development of New Methods to Introduce Unnatural Functional Molecules into Native Proteins for Protein Engineering
Authors: Nakata Eiji , Tsukiji Shinya , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Development and Industrialization of the Vapor‐Phase Beckmann Rearrangement Process
Authors: Izumi Yoshitaka , Ichihashi Hiroshi , Shimazu Yasumoto , Kitamura Masaru , Sato Hiroshi 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Understanding How the Thiolate Sulfur Contributes to the Function of the Non‐Heme Iron Enzyme Superoxide Reductase
Authors: Kovacs Julie A. , Brines Lisa M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Development of 2,2′‐Iminodiethanol Selective Production Process Using Shape‐Selective Pentasil‐Type Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Tsuneki Hideaki , Kirishiki Masaru , Oku Tomoharu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Measured and calculated CD spectra of G‐quartets stacked with the same or opposite polarities
Authors: Gray Donald M. , Wen Jin‐Der , Gray Carla W. , Repges Rudolf , Repges Charlotte , Raabe Gerhard , Fleischhauer Jörg 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCircular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is widely used to characterize the structures of DNA G‐quadruplexes. CD bands at 200–300 nm have been empirically related to G‐quadruplexes having parallel or antiparallel sugar‐phosphate backbones. We propose that a more fundamental interpretation of the origin of the CD bands is in the stacking interactions of neighboring G‐quartets, which can have the same or opposing polarities of hydrogen bond acceptors and donors. From an empirical summation of CD spectra of the d(G)5 G‐quadruplex and of the thrombin binding aptamer that have neighboring G‐quartets with the same and opposite polarities, respectively, the spectra of aptamers selected by the Ff gene 5 protein (g5p) appear to arise from a combination of the two types of polarities of neighboring G‐quartets. The aptamer CD spectra resemble the spectrum of d(G3T4G3), in which two adjacent quartets have the same and two have opposite polarities. Quantum‐chemical spectral calculations were performed using a matrix method, based on guanine chromophores oriented as in d(G3T4G3). The calculations show that the two types of G‐quartet stacks have CD spectra with features resembling experimental spectra of the corresponding types of G‐quadruplexes. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An improved synthesis of 10,11‐didehydro Cinchona alkaloids
Authors: Kacprzak Karol M. , Lindner Wolfgang , Maier Norbert M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA revised procedure for the conversion of the four major Cinchona alkaloids (quinine, quinidine, cinchonidine, and cinchonine) into their respective 10,11‐didehydro derivatives is described. The reported protocol offers several advantages over a recently published synthetic route. These include (i) enhanced robustness (ii) ready scalability (iii) reduced operational complexity and number of steps (iv) chromatography‐free work‐up. In addition, toxic solvents were replaced by environmentally less problematic alternatives. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Observation and characterization of a specific vibrational circular dichroism band in phenyl glycosides
Authors: Taniguchi Tohru , Tone Ikuko , Monde Kenji 
Published: September 2007

AbstractApplication of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy to structural analysis of carbohydrates has recently progressed. However, few studies on glycoconjugates VCD have thus far been reported, despite the fact that naturally occurring carbohydrates exist as various glycoconjugates. To further explore the application of the VCD technique, we have measured a series of aromatic glycosides and found that axial aromatic glycosides exhibited a negative band at around 1230 cm−1 while equatorial ones showed flat features in this region. This is the first structure–spectra relationship on glycoconjugate VCD that distinguishes the stereochemistry of the sugar anomers. Several model compounds were prepared and their vibrational properties calculated by using the density functional theory (DFT) method, which assigned the vibrational mode of this band based on the stretching motion of the glycosidic oxygen and aromatic carbon. This concept that aglycan parts can reflect stereochemical information of sugar moieties may encourage further VCD studies on glycoconjugates to realize practical structural analysis of carbohydrates. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of a model with which to predict the life expectancy of patients with spinal epidural metastasis
Authors: Bartels Ronald H. M. A. , Feuth Ton , van der Maazen Richard , Verbeek André L. M. , Kappelle Arnoud C. , André Grotenhuis J. , Leer Jan Willem 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The surgical treatment of spinal epidural metastasis is evolving. To be a surgical candidate, a patient should have a life expectancy of at least 3 months. Estimation of survival by experienced specialists has proven to be unreliable.METHODS.The Cox proportional hazards model was used to make a prediction model. To validate the model, Efron optimism correction by bootstrapping was performed. Retrospective data of patients treated for a spinal metastasis were used. Possible predictive factors were defined based on clinical experience and the literature. Statistical methods and clinical knowledge were also used to reveal an optimal set of predictors of survival. Data from patients treated at the Department of Radiation Oncology for spinal metastasis between 1998 and 2005 were evaluated.RESULTS.The case notes of 219 patients form the base of this study. In the final model, only 5 variables were required to predict the survival of a patient with spinal metastasis: sex, location of the primary lesion, intentional curative treatment of the primary tumor, cervical location of the spinal metastasis, and Karnofsky performance score. Examples with different predictors are given. The R index of Nagelkerke was 0.36 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.28–0.48) and the c‐index 0.72 (95% CI, 0.68–0.77).CONCLUSIONS.A reliable and simple model with which to predict the survival of a patient with spinal epidural metastasis is presented. Without the need for extensive investigations, survival can be predicted and only 5 easily obtainable parameters are required. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Efficacy of gabapentin in the management of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Rao Ravi D. , Michalak John C. , Sloan Jeff A. , Loprinzi Charles L. , Soori Gamini S. , Nikcevich Daniel A. , Warner David O. , Novotny Paul , Kutteh Leila A. , Wong Gilbert Y. ,   and the North Central Cancer Treatment Group
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The antiepileptic agent, gabapentin, has been demonstrated to relieve symptoms of peripheral neuropathy due to various etiologies. On the basis of these data, a multicenter, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover, randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of gabapentin on symptoms of chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).METHODS.Patients with symptomatic CIPN who complained of ‘average’ daily pain scores of either 1) ≥4 on a 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS); or 2) ≥1 on the 0–3 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group neuropathy scale (ENS) were eligible (higher numbers indicate greater severity of symptoms in both scales). Patients were randomized to receive gabapentin (target dose, 2700 mg) or placebo for 6 weeks. Crossover occurred after a 2‐week washout period. CIPN‐related symptoms were evaluated weekly by questionnaires. Statistical methods followed established methods for crossover designs, including Student t tests to compare average intrapatient differences between treatments and linear models to adjust for potential concomitant covariates.RESULTS.There were 115 patients who were randomly assigned to the treatment or control arm. Both groups were well matched by symptoms at study entry. Changes in symptom severity were statistically similar between the 2 groups during the study. Adverse events were mild and similar in both groups.CONCLUSIONS.This trial failed to demonstrate any benefit to using gabapentin to treat symptoms caused by CIPN. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Comparative localization of cystathionine β‐synthase and cystathionine γ‐lyase in retina: Differences between amphibians and mammals
Authors: Pong Winnie W. , Stouracova Renata , Frank Nina , Kraus Jan P. , Eldred William D. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neuromodulator that can be synthesized by the transsulfuration enzymes cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ‐lyase (CGL). In this study we examined H2S as a potential neuromodulator in vertebrate retina. CBS‐like immunoreactivity (LI) was found in somas in the inner nuclear layer and as punctate staining in the inner and outer plexiform layers in the salamander retina. CGL‐LI was most clearly characterized in salamander, where it was localized in Müller cells. Western blots indicated proteins with the correct molecular weights for both enzymes in both species for liver and cerebellum. Correct molecular weight proteins were identified for both CGL and CBS in salamander retina. The CBS antiserum did not recognize the correct molecular weight protein in mouse retina but the CGL antiserum recognized the correct molecular weight protein for mouse retina. Enzyme assays indicated both CGL and CBS enzyme activity in all three tissues in the salamander. There was good CBS activity in the liver and cerebellum of the mouse but no activity in the retina. CGL activity was clearly present only in the mouse liver, with only trace activity in the cerebellum and retina. In conclusion, both CBS and CGL are present in the amphibian retina, which suggests either a potential role for H2S as a gaseous neuromodulator in both neurons and glia in the retina or a requirement for cysteine and glutathione synthesis via the transsulfuration pathway as a defense against oxidative stress. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:158–165, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dynamic features of postnatal subventricular zone cell motility: A two‐photon time‐lapse study
Authors: Nam Sang Chae , Kim Yongsoo , Dryanovski Dilyan , Walker Avery , Goings Gwendolyn , Woolfrey Kevin , Kang Seong Su , Chu Chris , Chenn Anjen , Erdelyi Ferenc , Szabo Gabor , Hockberger Philip , Szele Francis G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractNeuroblasts migrate long distances in the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ) and rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the olfactory bulbs. Many fundamental features of SVZ migration are still poorly understood, and we addressed several important questions using two‐photon time‐lapse microscopy of brain slices from postnatal and adult eGFP+ transgenic mice. 1) Longitudinal arrays of neuroblasts, so‐called chain migration, have never been dynamically visualized in situ. We found that neuroblasts expressing doublecortin‐eGFP (Dcx‐eGFP) and glutamic acid decarboxylase‐eGFP (Gad‐eGFP) remained within arrays, which maintained their shape for many hours, despite the fact that there was a wide variety of movement within arrays. 2) In the dorsal SVZ, neuroblasts migrated rostrocaudally as expected, but migration shifted to dorsoventral orientations throughout ventral regions of the lateral ventricle. 3) Whereas polarized bipolar morphology has been a gold standard for inferring migration in histologic sections, our data indicated that migratory morphology was not predictive of motility. 4) Is there local motility in addition to long distance migration? 5) How fast is SVZ migration? Unexpectedly, one‐third of motile neuroblasts moved locally in complex exploratory patterns and at average speeds slower than long distance movement. 6) Finally, we tested, and disproved, the hypothesis that all motile cells in the SVZ express doublecortin, indicating that Dcx is not required for migration of all SVZ cell types. These data show that cell motility in the SVZ and RMS is far more complex then previously thought and involves multiple cell types, behaviors, speeds, and directions. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:190–208, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Displaced amacrine cells of the mouse retina
Authors: Pérez De Sevilla Müller Luis , Shelley Jennifer , Weiler Reto 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize and classify the displaced amacrine cells in the mouse retina. Amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer were injected with fluorescent dyes in flat‐mounted retinas. Dye‐filled displaced amacrine cells were classified according to dendritic field size, horizontal and vertical stratification patterns, and general morphology. We identified 10 different morphological types of displaced amacrine cell. Six of the cell types identified here are novel cell types that have not been described previously in the mouse retina, to the best of our knowledge. The displaced amacrine cells included four types of medium‐field cells, with dendritic field diameters of 200–500 μm, and six types of wide‐field cells, with dendritic fields extending over 500 μm. Narrow‐field displaced amacrine cells, with dendritic field diameters smaller than 200 μm, were not encountered. The most frequently labeled displaced amacrine cell type was the starburst amacrine cell. At least three cell types identified here have nondisplaced counterparts in the inner nuclear layer as well. Displaced amacrine cells display a rich variety of stratification and branching patterns, which surely reflect the wide range of their functional roles in the processing of visual signals in the inner retina. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:177–189, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for constitutive neural cell proliferation in the adult murine hypothalamus
Authors: Kokoeva Maia V. , Yin Huali , Flier Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCompelling evidence suggests that the mammalian brain is capable of generating new neurons throughout adult life. While neurogenesis can be induced at various brain sites by exogenous cues, constitutive birth of new neurons has been unambiguously demonstrated within the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus. The lack of strong evidence that constitutive neurogenesis occurs elsewhere in the adult brain could be due to its exclusive restriction to the SVZ and SGZ or, for instance, to the inadequacy of the methods used to reveal new‐born neurons at other brain sites. By using intracerebroventricular (icv) delivery of the mitotic marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) we demonstrate that new cells are born continuously and in substantial numbers in the adult murine hypothalamus and that many of these cells appear to differentiate into neurons as assessed by the expression of doublecortin (Dcx) and other neuronal fate markers. As compared to intraperitoneal (ip) BrdU injections, central BrdU infusion also uncovers a higher‐fold induction of hypothalamic cell proliferation by ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). It appears that new cells are born throughout the hypothalamic parenchyma without an apparent restriction to a specific neurogenic layer, as seen in the SVZ. Thus, we provide evidence that the adult hypothalamus is constitutively neurogenic and that hypothalamic cell proliferation is highly responsive to mitogen action. J. Comp. Neurol. 505:209–220, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Discrete sine transform and its inverse—realization through recursive algorithms
Authors: Jain Priyanka , Kumar Balbir , Jain Shail Bala 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, the implementation of the discrete sine transform (DST) and its inverse (IDST) are developed. General length structure of the DST and IDST, which can be implemented by using the recursive structures, has been proposed. Necessary formulas required for the recursive structures have been derived using mathematical manipulations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated analysis of neurite branching in cultured cortical neurons using HCA‐Vision
Authors: Vallotton Pascal , Lagerstrom Ryan , Sun Changming , Buckley Michael , Wang Dadong , De Silva Melanie , Tan Seong‐Seng , Gunnersen Jenny M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractManual neuron tracing is a very labor‐intensive task. In the drug screening context, the sheer number of images to process means that this approach is unrealistic. Moreover, the lack of reproducibility, objectivity, and auditing capability of manual tracing is limiting even in the context of smaller studies. We have developed fast, sensitive, and reliable algorithms for the purpose of detecting and analyzing neurites in cell cultures, and we have integrated them in software called HCA‐Vision, suitable for the research environment. We validate the software on images of cortical neurons by comparing results obtained using HCA‐Vision with those obtained using an established semi‐automated tracing solution (NeuronJ). The effect of the Sez‐6 deletion was characterized in detail. Sez‐6 null neurons exhibited a significant increase in neurite branching, although the neurite field area was unchanged due to a reduction in mean branch length. HCA‐Vision delivered considerable speed benefits and reliable traces. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology.
Analytical modelling and evaluation of generalized processor sharing systems with heterogeneous traffic
Authors: Jin Xiaolong , Min Geyong 
Published: September 2007

AbstractGeneralized processor sharing (GPS) has been widely studied as an important scheme for providing differentiated quality of service. Realistic traffic in multi‐service networks exhibits heterogeneous properties and can be categorized into two classes, namely, long range dependent (LRD) and short range dependent (SRD) traffic. Performance modelling and analysis of GPS systems subject to heterogeneous network traffic is an open and challenging problem. This paper develops an analytical performance model for GPS systems under heterogeneous LRD and SRD traffic. To this end, we propose a cost‐efficient modelling method for GPS and further develop the analytical upper and lower bounds of the queue length distributions for individual traffic flows. Numerical examples and extensive simulation results are presented to validate the accuracy and merits of the analytical model. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A transgenic mouse Class‐III β tubulin reporter using yellow fluorescent protein
Authors: Liu Li , Geisert Eldon E. , Frankfurter Anthony , Spano Anthony J. , Jiang Chloe Xue , Yue Junming , Dragatsis Ioannis , Goldowitz Dan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) reporter construct was cloned downstream of the β‐tubulin III promoter and injected to produce two founder lines of transgenic mice. YFP expression was observed in many regions of the developing peripheral and central nervous system. YFP expression was first observed in the peripheral and central nervous system as early as embryonic day 9.0. There was a dramatic increase in the number of neuronal systems expressing YFP through P0. Then as the animals reached adult age, the expression levels decreased, but many neurons still show YFP expression, notably in regions of the brain undergoing adult neurogenesis, i.e., the rostral migratory stream and subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus. This reporter‐based staining was compared with anti‐class‐III β‐tubulin immunocytochemistry and shown to closely parallel the expression of the endogenous protein. These transgenic lines should provide unique models to study in vivo and in vitro neurodevelopment. genesis 45:560–569, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IL‐33 is a chemoattractant for human Th2 cells
Authors: Komai‐Koma Mousa , Xu Damo , Li Yubin , McKenzie Andrew N. J. , McInnes Iain B. , Liew Foo Y. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIL‐33 is a novel cytokine of the IL‐1 family and mediates its biological effect via the receptor ST2, which is selectively expressed on Th2 cells but not Th1 cells. IL‐33 drives production of Th2‐associated cytokines including IL‐5 and IL‐13 and thereby promotes defense and pathology in mucosal organs. Cell locomotion is crucial to the induction of an effective immune response. We report here the chemoattraction of Th2 cells by IL‐33. Recombinant IL‐33 increased the proportion of human Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells, in polarized morphology in vitro and stimulated their subsequent invasion into collagen gels in an IL‐33 concentration‐dependent manner. Injection of recombinant IL‐33 into the footpad of ST2–/– mice which had been adoptively transferred with polarized Th2 cells, led to local accumulation of the transferred Th2 cells. These data therefore demonstrate that IL‐33 is a selective Th2 chemoattractant associated with the pro‐inflammatory property of this novel cytokine.
Stepwise Assembly of Nanoparticles, ‐tubes, ‐rods, and ‐wires in Reverse Micelle Systems
Authors: Chen Yun , Wu Qingsheng , Ding Yaping 
Published: September 2007

AbstractA traditional facile method was used for the stepwise‐assembly synthesis of CaSO4·2H2O nanoparticles, ‐tubes, ‐rods, and ‐wires. Sizes of these nanostructures vary from tens of nanometers to tens of microns. The key point of the stepwise‐assembly process is the reaction time. The growth process was studied as a function of the reaction time and this was used to guide the synthesis of other one‐dimensional nanomaterials in reverse micelle systems. The results showed that this growth process is somewhat universal in synthesizing inorganic salts with zero/one‐dimensional and solid/hollow structures in reverse micelle systems. The growing mechanism was also explored and it was believed to be an assembly‐based growth in association and concurrent with the surfactant‐templating mechanism. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)