bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A gender and size specific evaluation of inlay versus onlay stem designs in achieving lateralization and distalization in reverse shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Imiolczyk Jan-Phillip , Abu-Zeid Nevin , Eckl Larissa , Imiolczyk Tankred , Gohlke Frank 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction: In reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) new designs enable greater amounts of lateralization to prevent instability and scapular notching and increase range of motion, however, excessive lateralization leads to stress upon the acromion that can result in scapular spine fatigue fractures (SSFF). Aim of this study was to gender- and size-specifically assess the best implant design selection in order to reduce the risk of SSFF and to optimize lateralization, distalization, and bony impingement-free range of motion (ROM) in patients undergoing RSA.
Methods: Computed tomography scans from 30 osteoarthritic patients (f:15, m:15) and 20 cuff tear arthropathy patients (f:10, m:10) were used to virtually simulate a RSA. The efficacy of inlay vs onlay stems combined with two glenospheres (36mm vs 42mm) in achieving ROM, lateralization, and distalization was evaluated. Moreover, gender and patients constitution were correlated to humeral size by radiologically measuring the best-fit circle of the humeral head.
Results: A different amount of relative lateralization was achieved in both genders using large glenospheres and onlay designs. Latter yielded a higher ROM in all planes for men and women with a 42 mm glenosphere; with the 36mm glenosphere, an increased ROM was observed only in men. In women, this configuration only improved abduction. When adjusting the absolute amount of lateralization to humerus’ size and regardless of implant type, women received greater relative lateralization than men; with a 42mm glenosphere and an onlay system, women lateralized 19% vs 8.0% observed in men.
Conclusion: The relative lateralization achieved using onlay design is much higher in women than men. Humeral lateralization using onlay designs should be used cautiously in women, as they may enhance the risk for developing SSFF. Our results point out that glenoid lateralization should be used instead to reduce inferior notching and to improve ROM, especially in small women.
Level of Evidence: Basic Science Study, Computer Modeling
Preference of Healthcare App Selection Among Physicians, Chronic Patients, and the Healthy Individuals: A Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Shin Jaeyong , Lee Junbok , Kim Junghyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Owing to the rapid proliferation of healthcare applications (apps), consumers find it challenging to determine which apps suit their needs best. The Korean government introduced a certification program in 2022 to ensure the safety of health service apps, similar to several countries that have sought to guide and protect users.
Objective: This study aims to identify the factors influencing the choice of healthcare service apps among physicians, chronic patients, and healthy individuals.
Methods: We conducted a choice-based conjoint analysis with six factors (Number of studies on effectiveness, Frequency of delivering information, Cybersecurity and data safety, User satisfaction, Stamp of approval, Costs). A total of 1093 people (97 physicians, 589 chronic patients, and 407 healthy individuals) participated in the online survey.
Result: Across all groups, cybersecurity and data safety were the most important preference factors (Chronic patients: β=0.795, CI 95% CI 0.750–0.840, Healthy individuals: β=1.127, CI 95% CI 1.066–1.188, Physicians: β=0.560, CI 95% CI 0.459–0.662). All groups were more willing to pay approximately $6 for cybersecurity and data safety and approximately $5 for certification.
Conclusion: Digital healthcare technology will continue to evolve, and more healthcare apps are expected to be developed. For the effective use of these services, it is imperative to check user preferences. Governments that manage and authorize these services also need to implement policies based on the needs of users and providers.
Water, Salt, and Heat in Raised Field Agriculture: Using Hydrologic Modeling and Thermal Imagery to Investigate Soil Drainage and Temperature Dynamics
Authors: Price Seth 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

On the north coast of Peru in the Casma Valley exist relict raised agricultural field systems dating to the Late Intermediate Period Chimu Empire (ca. 1300 – 1470 CE). While similar in many ways to other inland and coastal raised fields in South America, these fields are relatively unique in climate, weather patterns, and layout. The topography and hydrology of the Casma Valley provide clues on how these fields operated and why they differ from the regional norm. This paper reports satellite and drone-based aerial reconnaissance results used to collect multiscalar data for flow modeling and thermal photogrammetry. Flow modeling methods are compared to determine the best way to gain insight into surface hydrology using only elevation data, and a novel method of low-cost, accessible thermal photogrammetry is proposed and tested. These data results provide a landscape-oriented perspective on the Casma River floodplain and help us to understand the short and long-term effects of raised field agriculture in this area.
Heavy metal tolerance and detoxification mechanism mediated by heavy metal resistance genes in compost habitat
Authors: Qin Xiaoya , Li Qunliang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution from compost is one of the most concerned environmental problems, which poses a threat to the ecosystem and human health. This study aims to reveal the heavy metal tolerance and detoxification mechanism mediated by heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) in compost habitat through metagenomics combined with chemical speciation analysis of heavy metals. The results showed that there were 37 HMRGs corresponding to 7 common heavy metal(loid)s in composting, and they had the ability to transform heavy metals into stable or low-toxic speciation by regulating enzyme transport, redox and methylation, etc. This study summarized the heavy metal metabolism pathway mediated by HMRGs, providing a new perspective for understanding the transformation of heavy metals in the composting process.
Lessons Learned from ICU Research During a Pandemic: A Multisite Qualitative Study to Inform Research Innovation
Authors: Dainty Katie N. , Seaton M. Bianca , Cuthbertson Brian H. , Rose Louise , Murthy Srinivas , Dale Craig 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose Emergency conditions such as the COVID-19 pandemic pose complex scientific and ethical challenges for researchers, which must be addressed to optimise efficiencies in trial conduct. Our purpose was to examine key factors essential to creating an agile system responsive to the rapidly changing research and clinical environment and to understand how we might learn from this unique experience to bolster research capacity in future pandemics.Methods Our evaluation employed robust qualitative descriptive methodology which comprises an approach for gathering information directly from those experiencing an event or process and flexible application of theoretical frameworks to assist in the analysis. Data was collected through individual interviews of key research stakeholders and our thematic analysis was informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).Results Over 17 months, we interviewed 64 participants across four research sites. Our findings uncovered key challenges in each of the 5 constructs of the CFIR: the outer setting, the inner setting, intervention characteristics, individual characteristics and rapid implantation processes which were put in place to allow crucial research to happen under extenuating circumstances.Conclusion Our data demonstrate the pandemic-magnified shortcomings of a precarious research infrastructure both in local ICUs and at the national level. Focusing investment on more efficient research platforms and administration, considering research and data sharing capacity and patient and family experience in protocol development, building a robust research workforce, and revamping the funding architecture at all levels are important lessons to promote seamless delivery of critical care research in pandemic conditions.
The evolution of genetic variability at the LRRK2 locus
Authors: Farrer Matthew , Guenther Dylan , Follett Jordan , Sassi Samia Ben , Amouri Rim , Hentati Faycel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) c.6055G>A (p.G2019S) is a frequent cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD) accounting for >30% of Tunisian Arab-Berber patients. LRRK2 is widely expressed in the immune system and its kinase activity confers a survival advantage from infection in animal models. Here we assess haplotype variability in cis and in trans of the LRRK2 c.6055G>A mutation, define the age of the pathogenic allele, explore its relationship to age of disease onset (AOO), and provide evidence for its positive selection.
Metformin attenuates high-carbohydrate diet-induced redox imbalance, inflamation and mitochondrial dysfunction in Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: ADJOUMANI Jean-Jacques Yao , Abasubong Kenneth Prudence , Zhang Ling , Liu Wen-Bin , Liu Xiang-Fei , Desouky Hesham Eed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary metformin supplementation on the redox balance, inflammation and mitochondrial biogenesis and function in blunt snout bream fed a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet. Fish (45.12 ± 0.36 g) were randomly offered four diets, including a control diet (33% carbohydrate), a HC diet (45% carbohydrate) and the HC diet supplemented with 0.06% (HCM1) and 0.12% (HCM2) metformin respectively for 12 weeks. Compared with the control, feeding the HC diet significantly increased the hepatosomatic index (HSI), the mesenteric fat index, liver and muscle glycogen contents, liver and adipose tissue lipid contents, plasma glucose and glycation end products (AGES) levels and aspartate transaminase activity, plasma and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) contents, mitochondrial cytochrome c content, mitochondrial complex IV activity and ATP 6 transcription, but decreased plasma catalase (CAT) activity, muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities and the transcriptions of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and interleukin 10 (IL10). Compared with the HC group, metformin treatment (especially the HCM2 group) significantly elevated tissue glycogen contents, muscle SOD activity, plasma and liver antioxidant enzymes activities, the transcriptions of TGFβ and IL10, the sodium/potassium ATPase activity, the contents of mitochondrial protein and AMP, the level of p-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the p-AMPK/t-AMPK ratio, but lowered the HSI, tissue lipid contents, plasma levels of glucose, AGES and glycated serum protein, plasma and liver MDA contents, the transcriptions of IL1β, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and ATP 6, the contents of ATP and cytochrome c, the ATP/AMP ratio and the activities of complexes I and IV. In conclusion, metformin could attenuate the HCdiet-induced redox imbalance, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in blunt snout bream.
Expanding Catalytic Versatility of Modular Polyketide Synthases for Alcohol Biosynthesis
Authors: Zhang Lihan , Yao Shunyu , Xie Shengling , Liu Runzhou , Huang Zilei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Modular polyketide synthases biosynthesize structurally diverse natural products by a set of catalytic domains that operate in an assembly line fashion. Although extensive research has focused on the rational reprogramming of modular polyketide synthases, little has been attempted to introduce uncanonical catalytic reactions on the assembly line. Here, we demonstrate the insertion of a thioester reductase domain, which can generate a terminal alcohol group instead of the canonical carboxylic acid, onto the assembly line polyketide synthases. We show that the didomain insertion of the acyl carrier protein and thioester reductase pair is generally effective for engineering of various polyketide synthase pathways. As a proof-of-concept, stereoselective and stereodivergent bioproduction of non-natural diols, namely 1,3-butanediols and 2-methyl-1,3-butanediols was achieved by harnessing the modularity of polyketide synthases. Our study expands the catalytic versatility of modular polyketide synthases and paves the way towards biosynthesis of designer alcohols.
Effect of nanoparticles reinforcement of Silicon dioxide derived from natural agriculture waste prosopis juliflora on Silver-Grey Magnesium nanocomposite: Utilization of Silicon dioxide mechanical and tribological properties
Authors: Arundeep M , Suresh V , Srinivasn M , Yuvaraj K P 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The automotive and aviation industries are required lightweight materials to enhance working efficiency. Composites are developed as lightweight alternatives materials, blending materials such as aluminium, magnesium, titanium, steel, copper, and their alloys in various combinations. The present investigation to fabricate a Silver-Grey Magnesium (Mg-25%Si) alloy-based nanocomposite with silicon dioxide (SiO2) nano reinforcement at weight % of 0, 3.25, 6.5 and 9.75 utilizing two steps stir casting method. The nano reinforcements different wt. % are prepared by using agricultural waste prosopis juliflora. The microhardness, tensile, wear, and impact tests are performed on the Silver-Grey Magnesium nanocomposites (Mg-25%Si/SiO2) utilizing a computerized tensometer testing machine, a Vicker’s hardness tester, a pin-on-disc tribometer, and an Izod impact, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) with elemental mapping microstructure were employed to scrutinize the tensile specimen fracture, EDAX, elemental mapping microstructure, wear, CoF, and worn surface characterization and impact strength analysis. The results of the Mg-25%Si/SiO2 nanocomposites shown an increase in SiO2 nano reinforcements that considerably increased microhardness, tensile strength, wear resistance, and impact strength when compared to the Silver-Grey Magnesium (Mg-25%Si) base alloy.
Prevention of preterm birth among singleton pregnant women with an obtuse uterocervical angle: a quasi-experimental study on the value of cervical pessary combined with progesterone
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoang Trang , Vu Van Tam , Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Micronized progesterone has been shown to be an effective preterm birth prophylactic intervention in singleton pregnancies with short cervical length measured via transvaginal ultrasound in the second trimester. The use of cervical pessary as a preventive method for preterm birth has limited research and controversial findings when compared to progesterone-combining pessary, with the hypothesis that it narrows the uterocervical angle and reduces the risk of preterm birth. This study aimed to evaluate the value of cervical pessary combined with progesterone in the prevention of preterm birth among singleton pregnant women with a short cervix having uterocervical angles ≥95o.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent-group design was conducted on 225 singleton pregnant women with a gestational age of 16+0 - 23+6 weeks, having cervical length ≤25 mm. Participants were assigned into two groups: prophylactic treatment with progesterone alone or progesterone combined with a cervical pessary. The association between cervical length, uterocervical angle (≥95o or ≥105o), and preterm birth outcomes (<37 weeks or <34 weeks) was assessed by using a multivariable binary regression model. The difference was statistically significant with p <0.05.
Results: The probability of preterm birth <37 weeks in the group of pregnant women with a uterocervical angle ≥95o treated by progesterone plus cervical pessary decreased in comparison to the progesterone alone group, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.343 (0.147-0.801). In the group of pregnant women with a uterocervical angle ≥105o, the treatment by a cervical pessary plus progesterone yielded a lower rate of preterm birth <37 weeks and <34 weeks, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.026 (0.005-0.132), and 0.084 (0.021-0.347), respectively.
Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that a cervical pessary has an added effect combined with progesterone in preventing preterm birth among singleton pregnant women with obtuse uterocervical angles. The preventive effect is stronger if the uterocervical angle measurement is ≥105o.
Investigating the effect of endometrial thickness changes and compaction on the fertility rate in patients undergoing ART: A prospective study
Authors: Etezadi Atoosa , Aghahosseini Marzieh , Aleyassin Ashraf , Hosseinimousa Sedigheh , Najafian Ayda , Sarvi Fatemeh , Nashtaee Maryam Shabani 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Today, the thickness of the endometrium as a key factor plays an important role in pregnancy outcomes of infertile patients. Based on this, it has been shown that endometrial compaction affect fertility success in patients. In this study, the impact of endometrial compaction on pregnancy outcomes has been evaluated.
Material and methods:
This prospective cohort study included 250 patients undergoing embryo transfer, who referred to the infertility center of Shariati Hospital in Tehran between 2021–2022. They were examined from the point of view of the relationship between endometrial thickness changes and fertility rate in FET and Fresh cycles. After preparing the endometrium, its thickness was evaluated by ultrasound.
Result:
The results showed that the percentage of chemical and clinical pregnancy in the compact group was higher compared to the non-compact one, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The rate of pregnancy in four groups of 5, 10, 15, and %20 compaction was 77(30.4%), 49(19.4%), 28(11.1%), and 14(5.5%), respectively.
Conclusion:
Finally, endometrial compaction can be associated with an increase in chemical and clinical pregnancy rate in infertile patients. In addition, secondary thickness has predictive value for clinical pregnancy.
Output Feedback Adaptive Inverse OptimalSecurity Control for Stochastic NonlinearCyber-Physical Systems under Sensor andActuator Attacks
Authors: Chen Zebin , Yu Zhaoxu , Li Shugang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This paper addresses the inverse optimal security control problems for a class of stochastic non-strict feedback nonlinear Cyber-Physical Systems under sensor and actuator attacks. The concerned system model includes both stochastic disturbances and more general nonlinearity. First, to make the control design feasible, a linear state transformation is applied to the attacked system. Furthermore, in the process of backstepping design, based on the Nussbaum gain function formula, fuzzy logic system approximation method, and inverse optimal control theory, combing the available output signal, an output feedback inverse optimal controller is proposed. Specifically, the designed controller not only ensures that the system is secure under network attacks but also optimal in terms of the cost function. Finally, two physical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in various network attacks.
Effects of enrofloxacin and povidone-iodine on immunity, intestinal microbes, and transcription pathways of grass carp
Authors: Chen Zhilong , Ma Lixin , Chen Sien , Huang Yao , Qin Zhendong , Lin Li , Shi Fei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining the internal ecological balance of fish health. In aquaculture, antibiotics and disinfectants are frequently used to manipulate the host gut microbiota, but the combined effects on asymptomatic fish remain unclear. We investigated the effects of single and combined treatments with antibiotics and disinfectants on grass carp gut health, immune response, microbiome dynamics and transcriptome profile. In a two-week trial, grass carp were exposed to enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) in the basal diet or povidone-iodine (0.05 mg/L) in freshwater. Enrofloxacin and povidone iodine induced oxidative stress, reduced the activity of digestive enzymes and altered the diversity of the gut microbiota. Transcriptome analysis showed downregulation of immune-related signaling pathways. Both treatments decreased mRNA expression of immune-related genes and induced histopathologic changes and apoptosis. In conclusion, enrofloxacin and povidone-iodine can induce oxidative stress, disrupt the balance of the gut microbiota, decrease mucosal immune responses and induce apoptosis in grass carp.
Lactate to albumin ratio as a prognosis predictor in gastrointestinal bleeding in the emergency department
Authors: Bae SungJin , Namgung Myeong , Jung Kwang Yul , Lee Dong Hoon , Choi Yoon Hee , Choi Yunhyung , Chung Ho Sub 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits and has a variety of prognoses. This study aimed to verify the prognosis prediction ability of the lactate/albumin ratio (L/A ratio) in GIB patients compared to the AIMS65 score and the blood urea nitrogen/albumin ratio (B/A ratio).Methods This retrospective study was conducted among patients complaining of GIB symptoms who visited an ED in 2019. Baseline characteristics and laboratory data were obtained to calculate the L/A ratio, B/A ratio, and AIMS65 score. Each score was evaluated as a predictor of ICU admission and in-hospital mortality using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.Results Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the L/A ratio significantly predicted ICU admission and in-hospital mortality. The AUROC scores for predicting ICU admission were 0.788 for the L/A ratio, 0.695 for the B/A ratio, and 0.586 for the AIMS65 score. For predicting in-hospital mortality, the scores were 0.807 for the L/A ratio, 0.799 for the B/A ratio, and 0.683 for AIMS65.Conclusions The L/A ratio, consisting of serum lactate and albumin levels, had superior performance relative to the other tools (B/A and AIMS65) in predicting the prognosis of GIB patients.