bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An examination of cannabis use motives among couples with intimate partner violence and alcohol use disorder
Authors: Forkus Shannon R. , Giff Sarah T. , Tomko Rachel , Gex Kathryn , Flanagan Julianne C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCannabis use is highly prevalent among individuals with a history of intimate partner violence (IPV) and among people who drink alcohol. Motives for cannabis use are important correlates of consumption and problem severity. However, no research has examined cannabis use motives among couples with IPV. The goals of the study were to examine (1) the associations between a person and their partner's cannabis use motives; and (2) examine the extent to which each partners' cannabis use motives are related to their own and their partner's cannabis consumption.MethodsParticipants were 100 couples (n = 92 different‐sex couples, n = 8 same‐sex couples) who reported physical IPV in their current relationship.ResultsCertain cannabis motives (coping and conformity) and behaviors (cannabis use frequency, quantity and drug‐related problems) were positively associated between intimate partners. One's own higher coping motives were associated with greater frequency of cannabis consumption; higher conformity motives were associated with less quantity of consumption; higher social motives were associated with greater quantity of cannabis consumption; and one's partner's social motives were associated with less quantity of cannabis consumption.Discussion and ConclusionsFindings suggest that couples report similar motives for cannabis use, and that one's own and their partner's motives may differentially influence frequency and quantity of use.Scientific SignificanceThis study provides novel information on congruency between cannabis use motives and behaviors between intimate partners, as well as how both an individual and their partner's motives for use can influence an individual's cannabis use behaviors.
Fire has contrasting effects on the survival, growth, and reproduction of Cerrado grasses with differing regenerative strategies
Authors: Fontenele Hudson G. V. , Miranda Heloisa S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCerrado grasses are closely linked to fire, but the mechanisms underlying their responses are poorly understood. Fire affects populations by altering vital rates, and different regenerative strategies likely influence responses as resprouting ability trades off with seeding investment. Specialist grasses mostly occupy old‐growth habitats and rely almost entirely on vegetative regeneration, suggesting potentially higher fire tolerance than habitat generalists that can colonize anthropized and degraded habitats due to high seeding investment. Thus, we explored the effect of fire on one specialist (Trachypogon spicatus) and two generalist (Aristida riparia and Schizachyrium microstachyum) tussock grasses.LocationFrequently burned grassland in Central Brazil.MethodsWe monitored the vital rates of 150 individuals/species in burned (prescribed late‐dry‐season fire) and unburned plots. Survival, resprouting, and reproduction were assessed monthly for six months post‐fire and then again 16 months after fire. Tussocks were measured for size (area of the base) and vegetative height for changes in structure. We collected seed mass, seed fill, and germination rates from the literature.ResultsFire negatively affected the generalist grasses, increasing mortality (+12%), decreasing size (50%), and inhibiting flowering and inflorescence production. The specialist benefited from burns, showing high survival (97%), recovery of pre‐fire structure, and stimulated reproduction. Generalist species had a high investment in seeds (seed fill > 60%; germination > 50%), while the specialist produced empty seeds (88%) with low germination (3%). Size was not related to the probability of survival but significantly increased the reproductive output.ConclusionsResults suggest that the specialist Trachypogon spicatus could persist under very frequent fires (e.g., annual), given its robust fire tolerance and post‐fire recovery. Where this species is a restoration priority, it would likely benefit from techniques that promote vegetative regeneration rather than direct seeding. Contrarily, generalist grasses are less resilient to fires and require longer fire intervals to allow population persistence.
LncRNA XIST modulates miR‐328‐3p ectopic expression in lung injury induced by tobacco‐specific lung carcinogen NNK both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Li Bingxin , Li Xuezheng , Jiang Zhe , Zhou Di , Feng Yuan , Chen Gang , Li Ning 
Published: April 2024

Background and PurposeIt is well acknowledged that tobacco‐derived lung carcinogens can induce lung injury and even lung cancer through a complex mechanism. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are differentially expressed in tobacco‐derived carcinogen nicotine‐derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)‐treated A/J mice.Experimental ApproachRNA sequencing was used to detect the level of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Murine and human lung normal and cancer cells were used to evaluate the function of lncRNA XIST and miR‐328‐3p in vitro, and NNK‐treated A/J mice were used to test their function in vivo. In vivo levels of miR‐328‐3p and lncRNA XIST were analysed, using in situ hybridization. miR‐328‐3p agomir and lncRNA XIST‐specific siRNA were used to manipulate in vivo levels of miR‐328‐3p and lncRNA XIST in A/J mice.Key ResultsLncRNA XIST was up‐regulated in NNK‐induced lung injury and dominated the NNK‐induced ectopic miRNA expression in NNK‐induced lung injury both in vitro and in vivo. Either lncRNA XIST silencing or miR‐328‐3p overexpression exerted opposing effects in lung normal and cancer cells regarding cell migration. LncRNA XIST down‐regulated miR‐328‐3p levels as a miRNA sponge, and miR‐328‐3p targeted the 3′‐UTR of FZD7 mRNA, which is ectopically overexpressed in lung cancer patients. Both in vivo lncRNA XIST silencing and miR‐328 overexpression could rescue NNK‐induced lung injury and aberrant overexpression of the lung cancer biomarker CK19 in NNK‐treated A/J mice.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur results highlight the promotive effect of lncRNA XIST in NNK‐induced lung injury and elucidate its post‐transcriptional mechanisms, indicating that targeting lncRNA XIST/miR‐328‐3p could be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent tobacco carcinogen‐induced lung injury in vivo.
Digital planning and bone regenerative technologies: A narrative review
Authors: Tommasato Grazia , Piano Sergio , Casentini Paolo , De Stavola Luca , Chiapasco Matteo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this narrative review was to explore the application of digital technologies (DT) for the simplification and improvement of bone augmentation procedures in advanced implant dentistry.Material and methodsA search on electronic databases was performed to identify systematic reviews, meta‐analyses, randomized and non‐randomized controlled trials, prospective/retrospective case series, and case reports related to the application of DT in advanced implant dentistry.ResultsSeventy‐nine articles were included. Potential fields of application of DT are the following: 1) the use of intra‐oral scanners for the definition of soft tissue profile and the residual dentition; 2) the use of dental lab CAD (computer‐aided design) software to create a digital wax‐up replicating the ideal ridge and tooth morphology; 3) the matching of STL (Standard Triangulation Language) files with DICOM (DIgital COmmunication in Medicine) files from CBCTs with a dedicated software; 4) the production of stereolithographic 3D models reproducing the jaws and the bone defects; 5) the creation of surgical templates to guide implant placement and augmentation procedures; 6) the production of customized meshes for bone regeneration; and 7) the use of static or dynamic computer‐aided implant placement.ConclusionsResults from this narrative review seem to demonstrate that the use of a partially or fully digital workflow can be successfully used also in advanced implant dentistry. However, the number of studies (in particular RCTs) focused on the use of a fully digital workflow in advanced implant dentistry is still limited and more studies are needed to properly evaluate the potentials of DT.
Elevated circulating BMP9 aggravates pulmonary angiogenesis in hepatopulmonary syndrome rats through ALK1‐Endoglin‐Smad1/5/9 signalling
Authors: Yang Chunyong , Sun Mei , Yang Yihui , Han Yan , Wu Xiulin , Wu Xianfeng , Cao Huilin , Chen Lin , Lei Yuhao , Hu Xiaoyan , Chen Yang , Zeng Ziyang , Li Junhong , Shu Xin , Yang Zhiyong , Lu Kaizhi , Li Yujie , Wang Xiaobo , Yi Bin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundBone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a hepatokine that plays a pivotal role in the progression of liver diseases. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have shown that BMP9 is associated with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), but its role in HPS is unclear. Here, we evaluated the influence of CBDL on BMP9 expression and investigated potential mechanisms of BMP9 signalling in HPS.MethodsWe profiled the circulating BMP9 levels in common bile duct ligation‐induced HPS rat model, and then investigated the effects and mechanisms of HPS rat serum on pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction in rat model, as well as in primarily cultured rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells.ResultsOur data revealed that circulating BMP9 levels were significantly increased in the HPS rats compared to control group. Besides, the elevated BMP9 in HPS rat serum was not only crucial for promoting endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation through the activin receptor‐like kinase1 (ALK1)‐Endoglin‐Smad1/5/9 pathway, but also important for accumulation of monocytes. Treatments with ALK1‐Fc or silencing ALK1 expression to inhibit the BMP9 signalling pathway effectively eliminated these effects. In agreement with these observations, increased circulating BMP9 was associated with an increase in lung vessel density and accumulation of pro‐angiogenic monocytes in the microvasculature in HPS rats.ConclusionsThis study provided evidence that elevated circulating BMP9, secreted from the liver, promote pulmonary angiogenesis in HPS rats via ALK1‐Endoglin‐Smad1/5/9 pathway. In addition, BMP9‐regulated pathways are also involved in accumulation of pro‐angiogenic monocytes in the pulmonary microvasculature in HPS rats.
Differential and Functional Response Time Item Analysis: An Application to Understanding Paper versus Digital Reading Processes
Authors: Cho Sun‐Joo , Goodwin Amanda , Naveiras Matthew , Salas Jorge 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the growing interest in incorporating response time data into item response models, there has been a lack of research investigating how the effect of speed on the probability of a correct response varies across different groups (e.g., experimental conditions) for various items (i.e., differential response time item analysis). Furthermore, previous research has shown a complex relationship between response time and accuracy, necessitating a functional analysis to understand the patterns that manifest from this relationship. In this study, response time data are incorporated into an item response model for two purposes: (a) to examine how individuals' speed within an experimental condition affects their response accuracy on an item, and (b) to detect the differences in individuals' speed between conditions in the presence of within‐condition effects. For these two purposes, by‐variable smooth functions are employed to model differential and functional response time effects by experimental condition for each item. This model is illustrated using an empirical data set to describe the effect of individuals' speed on their reading comprehension ability in two experimental conditions of reading medium (paper vs. digital) by item. A simulation study showed that the recovery of parameters and by‐variable smooth functions of response time was satisfactory, and that the type I error rate and power of the test for the by‐variable smooth function of response time were acceptable in conditions similar to the empirical data set. In addition, the proposed method correctly identified the range of response time where between‐condition differences in the effect of response time on the probability of a correct response were accurate.
Capsular attachment on the anterosuperior femoral head–neck junction: A hypothesis about femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Tsutsumi Masahiro , Nimura Akimoto , Utsunomiya Hajime , Kudo Shintarou , Akita Keiichi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI), characterized by a pathological contact between the proximal femur and acetabulum, is a common precursor of hip osteoarthritis. Cam morphology is a bony prominence that causes FAI and frequently forms on the anterosuperior femoral head–neck junction. Despite anatomical consensus regarding the femoral head–neck junction as a boundary area covered by the articular cartilage and joint capsule, it remains unclear whether the joint capsule is continuous with the anterosuperior articular cartilage. For the anatomical consideration of cam morphology formation, this study aimed to investigate the histological characteristics of the capsular attachment on the anterosuperior femoral head–neck junction, particularly focusing on the presence or absence of continuity of the joint capsule to the articular cartilage. A total of 21 anterosuperior regions (seven hips each for the 12:00, 1:30, and 3:00 positions) from seven hips (three males and four females; mean age at death, 68.7 years) were histologically analyzed in this study for quantitative evaluation of the capsular thickness using histological sections stained with Masson's trichrome, as well as qualitative evaluation of the capsular attachment. The present study showed that the joint capsule, which folded proximally to the femoral head–neck junction from the recess, exhibited a blend of the fibrous and synovial regions. Notably, it not only continued with the superficial layer of the articular cartilage, but also attached to the articular cartilage via the fibrocartilage. This continuous region was relatively fibrous with dense connective tissue running in the longitudinal direction. The capsular thickness at the recess point (mean, 1.7 ± 0.9 mm) and those at the distal end of the articular cartilage (0.35 ± 0.16 mm) were significantly greater than the control value for the most superficial layer thickness of the articular cartilage (0.019 ± 0.003 mm) (Dunnett's T3, both p‐value <0.001). Based on the fibrous continuity between the joint capsule and articular cartilage and its thickness, this study suggests the anatomical possibility that some mechanical stress can be transmitted from the joint capsule to the articular cartilage at the frequent sites of cam morphology.
Patients' experiences of cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and thematic synthesis
Authors: Watts Tessa , Roche Dominic , Csontos Judit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo obtain a deeper understanding of peoples' experiences of cancer treatments with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).BackgroundICIs are transforming survival outcomes for many with certain advanced cancers. Given the possibility of unique immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), understanding treatment experiences is crucial to identify support needs and provide safe and effective person‐centred care.DesignA systematic review of qualitative research and thematic synthesis. To report this review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Analysis and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) guidance have been used.Data SourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were searched in January 2022 for eligible studies published in English from database inception.Review MethodsTwo reviewers independently screened records, identified papers for inclusion and appraised methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Themes were developed using thematic synthesis.ResultsEighteen papers were included and three analytical themes developed: immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment decision‐making; the experience and impact of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments; and appraising and responding to irAEs.ConclusionThe synthesis renders visible individuals' unmet information, psychological and practical support needs. It identifies shortcomings in immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment decision‐making processes and highlights the need for healthcare professionals to recognise and sensitively handle individuals' treatment expectations. Individuals' understandings of and responses to irAEs are also illustrated, and attention drawn to patients' concerns about healthcare professionals' checkpoint inhibitor and irAEs knowledge.Implications for Patient CareTo sensitively manage treatment expectations and uncertainties, and optimise health outcomes, there are distinct points in treatment trajectories where care and support might require adapting and enhancing.ImpactThis review addresses people's experiences of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments. The core findings reveal unmet information, psychological and practical support needs. Insights derived from this review will enhance individuals' experiences and outcomes and healthcare professionals' practice.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public involvement.
Nurses' knowledge and beliefs on pain management practices with hospitalised persons living with dementia: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Ingelson Beverly , Dahlke Sherry , O'Rourke Hannah , Hunter Kathleen F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo understand nurses' knowledge, beliefs and experiences affect pain management practices in hospitalised persons living with dementia (PLWD).DesignNaturalistic inquiry using qualitative descriptive design.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 registered nurses who worked in one acute care hospital in Southern California from October to November 2022. Data were analysed using content analysis to identify themes.ResultsTwo themes were developed: improvising pain assessment, which included how pain was documented, and administration hesitancy referring to nurse's concerns about PLWD's confusion. Nurses described the challenges of assessing pain in hospitalised PLWD particularly if they were non‐verbal and/or demonstrating responsive behaviours. Nurse's years of experience, dementia stigma, and their unconscious biases affected nurses' pain management practices.ConclusionsThe study findings highlight the complex challenges of pain management in hospitalised PLWD that are exacerbated by nurses' knowledge deficits, negative stereotypical beliefs, dementia stigma and unconscious biases towards older people that contributes to undermanaged pain in hospitalised PLWD.ImplicationsA comprehensive strategy using an implementation framework is needed to address nurse's knowledge gaps, unconscious bias, dementia stigma and techniques that enhance communication skills is suggested. Building a foundation in these areas would improve pain management in hospitalised PLWD.ImpactImproving pain management in hospitalised PLWD would improve the quality of life, decrease hospital length of stay, prevent readmissions, and improve nurse satisfaction.Reporting MethodThe study adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).Patient ContributionsImproving pain management in hospitalised PLWD would prevent long term confusion, episodes of delirium and improve quality of life as they recover from their acute illness for which they required hospital care.
A true facultative carnivore? Effects of replacing ground chicken carcasses with soybean meal on the growth of captive broad‐snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) and its economics implications
Authors: Hilevski Samuel , Manolis Charlie , Siroski Pablo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA specific diet for broad‐snouted caiman, Caiman latirostris has not been designed despite the value of farm‐raised caiman as an aquaculture product. To fill this gap, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance dietary replacement of ground chicken carcasses by of soybean meal (SM) as diet complement for C. latirostris. We conducted a 3‐month growth trial to determine effects of graded levels of dietary SM on caiman growth as measured by increase in body length, body weight gain, food consumption (FC) and food conversion rate (FCR). Forty‐eight hatchling caimans were fed with diets, composed primarily of practical feed ingredients, with 0, 25, or 40% dietary SM. Diets were fed three times per week for 90 days under temperature controlled. Body lengths and body weights were measured at 30‐day intervals, and FC samples were taken between the 31–60‐day interval. The results of this study indicate that the inclusion of SM in the diet of C. latirostris at levels of 25% increases in body length, body weight gain, FC and improve the FCR indicated that a concentration of 25% dietary SM (as fed) was adequate for growth of caimans under the conditions of this study. Results suggest that SM have a real nutritional contribution in the diet of broad‐snouted caiman and can be used as an ingredient of the diet of the crocodilians raised in captivity, reducing production costs for sustainable use and conservation programs of this species.
Parental experiences in navigating health services for paediatric residual obstructive sleep apnoea: An exploratory qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Fagundes Nathalia Carolina Fernandes , Young Rochelle , Flores‐Mir Carlos , Heo Giseon , Perez Arnaldo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo explore parents' experiences and perceptions regarding engagement in health services for managing residual paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) across levels of care.MethodsQualitative description guided study design. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews with parents of children diagnosed with residual OSA at a university‐based sleep clinic. The relevant literature informed the interview guide and was piloted before data collection. Inductive, manifest content analysis was used to describe parents' perceptions and experiences using data‐driven categories and sub‐categories. Several strategies were employed to ensure rigour in this study.ResultsEight interviews were conducted. Parents' views were organized into five categories: awareness of the sleep issue, interaction with non‐sleep specialists, interaction with sleep specialists, interaction with dental professionals, and further actions and support. Parents reported several engagement issues due to their interactions with different care providers. These issues included having to personally identify and raise the sleep problem, feeling that care providers did not take this problem seriously, waiting for an extended period to be referred for sleep services, and receiving conflicting or insufficient treatment recommendations. Overall, parents perceived that their actions and the services received across levels of care were not effective enough to address paediatric OSA.ConclusionBased on this exploratory qualitative descriptive research, along with developing evidence‐based clinical guidelines for paediatric OSA screening and management tailored to different levels of care, strategies intended to improve the engagement of patients and care providers in addressing paediatric OSA should be developed and empirically tested.