bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human testicular (non)seminomatous germ cell tumours: the clinical implications of recent pathobiological insights
Authors: Looijenga Leendert HJ 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHuman germ cell tumours (GCTs) comprise several types of neoplasias with different pathogeneses and clinical behaviours. A classification into five subtypes has been proposed. Here, the so‐called type II testicular GCTs (TGCTs), ie the seminomas and non‐seminomas, will be reviewed with emphasis on pathogenesis and clinical implications. Various risk factors have been identified that define subpopulations of men who are amenable to early diagnosis. TGCTs are omnipotent, able to generate all differentiation lineages, both embryonic and extra‐embryonic, as well as the germ cell lineage itself. The precursor lesion, composed of primordial germ cells/gonocytes, is referred to as carcinoma in situ of the testis (CIS) and gonadoblastoma of the dysgenetic gonad. These pre‐malignant cells retain embryonic characteristics, which probably explains the unique responsiveness of the derived tumours to DNA‐damaging agents. Development of CIS and gonadoblastoma is crucially dependent on the micro‐environment created by Sertoli cells in the testis, and granulosa cells in the dysgenetic gonad. OCT3/4 has high sensitivity and specificity for CIS/gonadoblastoma, seminoma, and embryonal carcinoma, and is useful for the detection of CIS cells in semen, thus a promising tool for non‐invasive screening. Overdiagnosis of CIS due to germ cell maturation delay can be avoided using immunohistochemical detection of stem cell factor (SCF). Immunohistochemistry is helpful in making the distinction between seminoma and embryonal carcinoma, especially SOX17 and SOX2. The different non‐seminomatous histological elements can be recognized using various markers, such as AFP and hCG, while others need confirmation. The value of micro‐satellite instability as well as BRAF mutations in predicting treatment resistance needs validation in prospective trials. The availability of representative cell lines, both for seminoma and for embryonal carcinoma, allows mechanistic studies into the initiation and progression of this disease. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Latissimus dorsi muscle‐flap over Gore‐Tex patch for coverage of large thoracic defects in paediatric Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Gapany Christophe , Raffoul Wassim , Zambelli Pierre‐Yves , Joseph Jean‐Marc 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPrimary rib involvement accounts for 16% of paediatric Ewing sarcoma (ES). Neo‐adjuvant chemotherapy and surgical tumor resection may leave large thoracic wall defects requiring complex reconstruction in a growing individual. We report our experience in three children aged 3, 10, and 12 years, in whom single‐stage resection and reconstruction were performed using a Gore‐Tex Dualmesh patch, covered by a latissimus dorsi rotation flap harvested in continuity with the thoracolumbar fascia. The youngest patient also had a vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) anchored to help prevent subsequent scoliosis throughout growth. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:679–681. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simultaneous occurrence of MLL and RARA rearrangements in a pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient
Authors: Zámečníkova Adriana , Al Bahar Soad 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe report a case of concurrent translocations of MLL gene, associated with a highly distinct leukemia subtype and RARA gene, which is pathogenomic in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Conventional cytogenetic revealed a novel complex rearrangement between chromosomes 5, 11, and 17 resulting in a three‐way chromosome translocation t(5;11;17)(q31;q23;q21). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that the 11q23 breakpoint involved the MLL, and the 17q21 breakpoint involved the RARA gene. Concurrent translocations of two specific oncogenes MLL and RARA with a new partner breakpoint on 5q31 have not been previously described. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:671–674. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Response to high‐dose ifosfamide in patients with advanced/recurrent Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Ferrari S. , del Prever A. Brach , Palmerini E. , Staals E. , Berta M. , Balladelli A. , Picci P. , Fagioli F. , Bacci G. , Vanel D. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractAimTo determine activity and toxicity of high‐dose ifosfamide (HDIFO) in recurrent or advanced Ewing sarcoma family tumors (EFT).MethodsThirty‐seven EFT patients [median age 17 years (6–45 years)] previously treated with chemotherapy regimens including standard dose ifosfamide were enrolled. HDIFO was administered for metastatic recurrent disease in 33 patients and for progression during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 4 patients. All patients who received two courses of 15 g/m2 ifosfamide were evaluable for radiographic response assessed according to RECIST criteria.ResultsTransient Grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 97% and 54% HDIFO courses respectively and severe CNS toxicity in one patient were observed. Thirty‐five patients were evaluable: 12 (34%) had complete (2) or partial (10) response, 11 (32%) had stable disease, and 12 (34%) had progression.ConclusionsIn patients with relapsed or advanced EFT previously treated with standard dose ifosfamide HDIFO is active and it should be considered a treatment option. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:581–584. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of eastern blotting technique for sennoside A and sennoside B using anti‐sennoside A and anti‐sennoside B monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Morinaga Osamu , Uto Takuhiro , Sakamoto Seiichi , Putalun Waraporn , Lhieochaiphant Sorasak , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Shoyama Yukihiro 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIntroductionRhubarb, senna and sennoside‐containing preparations are currently widely employed as purgatives. The major active components of these medications are sennoside A (SA) and sennoside B (SB).ObjectiveTo develop an eastern blotting technique for the specific visualisation and easy determination of SA and SB in plant extracts for application in the standardisation and authentication of rhubarb and senna.MethodologySA and SB were separated by TLC, transferred to a PVDF membrane, treated with 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3′‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐carbodiimide hydrochloride solution and finally treated with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The resulting membrane‐bound SA–BSA and SB–BSA conjugates were linked to anti‐SA and anti‐SB monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and then to secondary antibodies labelled with peroxidase. SA and SB were detected by visualisation of the peroxidase reaction products.ResultsThe limit of detection of the eastern blotting was 62.5 ng for both sennosides. The method was applied to the immunohistochemical localisation of SA in fresh rhubarb root. Phloem and radiate wood were found to contain higher concentrations of SA compared with other tissues (pith and bud) in agreement with results obtained by ELISA. The concentrations of SA in the phloem, radiate wood, pith and bud were 64.4, 48.1, 15.0 and 1.8 ng/mg fresh weight, respectively.ConclusionThe technique described permitted the visualisation of small molecular weight compounds that had been bound to a membrane, using immunostaining. Owing to the specificity of the MAbs, the eastern blotting may prove to be a useful method for the identification of SA and SB in a background containing large amount of impurities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative proteomic analysis of human mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells: Towards the definition of a mesenchymal stem cell proteomic signature
Authors: Roche Stephane , Delorme Bruno , Oostendorp Robert A. J. , Barbet Romain , Caton David , Noel Daniele , Boumediene Karim , Papadaki Helen A. , Cousin Beatrice , Crozet Carole , Milhavet Ollivier , Casteilla Louis , Hatzfeld Jacques , Jorgensen Christian , Charbord Pierre , Lehmann Sylvain 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are adult multipotential progenitors which have a high potential in regenerative medicine. They can be isolated from different tissues throughout the body and their homogeneity in terms of phenotype and differentiation capacities is a real concern. To address this issue, we conducted a 2‐DE gel analysis of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue, synovial membrane and umbilical vein wall. We confirmed that BM and adipose tissue derived cells were very similar, which argue for their interchangeable use for cell therapy. We also compared human mesenchymal to embryonic stem cells and showed that umbilical vein wall stem cells, a neo‐natal cell type, were closer to BM cells than to embryonic stem cells. Based on these proteomic data, we could propose a panel of proteins which were the basis for the definition of a mesenchymal stem cell proteomic signature.
Form follows function: Shape analysis of protein cavities for receptor‐based drug design
Authors: Weisel Martin , Proschak Ewgenij , Kriegl Jan M. , Schneider Gisbert 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIdentification of potential ligand‐binding pockets is an initial step in receptor‐based drug design. While many geometric or energy‐based binding‐site prediction methods characterize the size and shape of protein cavities, few of them offer an estimate of the pocket's ability to bind small drug‐like molecules. Here, we present a shape‐based technique to examine binding‐site druggability from the crystal structure of a given protein target. The method includes the PocketPicker algorithm to determine putative binding‐site volumes for ligand‐interaction. Pocket shape descriptors were calculated for both known ligand binding sites and empty pockets and were then subjected to self‐organizing map clustering. Descriptors were calculated for structures derived from a database of representative drug‐protein complexes with experimentally determined binding affinities to characterize the “druggable pocketome”. The new method provides a means for selecting drug targets and potential ligand‐binding pockets based on structural considerations and addresses orphan binding sites.
New iodo‐acetamido cyanines for labeling cysteine thiol residues. A strategy for evaluating plasma proteins and their oxido‐redox status
Authors: Bruschi Maurizio , Grilli Stefano , Candiano Giovanni , Fabbroni Serena , Della Ciana Leopoldo , Petretto Andrea , Santucci Laura , Urbani Andrea , Gusmano Rosanna , Scolari Francesco , Ghiggeri Gian Marco 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTwo new iodoacetamide‐substituted cyanines, C3NIASO3 and C5NIASO3, were synthesized starting from hemicyanine and were utilized for labeling plasma proteins. Specificity, sensitivity and feasibility for SH residues was tested utilizing an equimolar mixture of standard proteins and with normal plasma. Oxidized plasma proteins following H2O2 exposure and plasma from patients with focal glomerulosclerosis were analyzed as models of altered protein oxido‐redox status. Following optimization of the assay (dye/protein ratio, pH), C3NIASO3 and C5NIASO3 gave a sensitivity slightly better than N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl dyes for plasma proteins and were successfully employed for differential display electrophoresis (DIGE). Twenty‐nine proteins were detected in normal plasma after 2‐DE while less proteins were detected in plasma of patients with glomerulosclerosis. Following massive ‘in vitro' oxidation with H2O2, C3NIASO3 and C5NIASO3 failed to detect any residual SH, implicating massive oxidation. In conclusion, this study describes the synthesis of two new iodoacetamide cyanines that can be utilized for the analysis of plasma proteins with 2‐DE and DIGE. They are also indicated for the definition of the oxido‐redox status of proteins and were successfully utilized to extend the analysis of oxidation damage in patients with glomerulosclerosis.
In vivo phosphorylation sites of barley tonoplast proteins identified by a phosphoproteomic approach
Authors: Endler Anne , Reiland Sonja , Gerrits Bertran , Schmidt Ulrike G. , Baginsky Sacha , Martinoia Enrico 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn plants the vacuolar functions are the cellular storage of soluble carbohydrates, organic acids, inorganic ions and toxic compounds. Transporters and channels located in the vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast, are modulated by PTMs to facilitate the optimal functioning of a large number of metabolic pathways. Here we present a phosphoproteomic approach for the identification of in vivo phosphorylation sites of tonoplast (vacuolar membrane) proteins. Highly purified tonoplast and tonoplast‐enriched microsomes were isolated from photosynthetically induced barley (Hordeum vulgare) mesophyll protoplasts. Phosphopeptides were enriched by strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography followed either by IMAC or titanium dioxide (TiO2) affinity chromatography and were subsequently analysed using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. In total, 65 phosphopeptides of 27 known vacuolar membrane proteins were identified, including the two vacuolar proton pumps, aquaporins, CAX transporters, Na+/H+ antiporters as well as other known vacuolar transporters mediating the transfer of potassium, sugars, sulphate and malate. The present study provides a novel source to further analyse the regulation of tonoplast proteins by protein phosphorylations, especially as most of the identified phosphorylation sites are highly conserved between Hordeum vulgare (Hv) and Arabidopsis thaliana.
Profiling of T‐cell receptor signaling complex assembly in human CD4 T‐lymphocytes using RP protein arrays
Authors: Brembilla Nicolò Costantino , Cohen‐Salmon Isabelle , Weber Johann , Rüegg Curzio , Quadroni Manfredo , Harshman Keith , Doucey Marie‐Agnès 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe RP protein (RPP) array approach immobilizes minute amounts of cell lysates or tissue protein extracts as distinct microspots on NC‐coated slide. Subsequent detection with specific antibodies allows multiplexed quantification of proteins and their modifications at a scale that is beyond what traditional techniques can achieve. Cellular functions are the result of the coordinated action of signaling proteins assembled in macromolecular complexes. These signaling complexes are highly dynamic structures that change their composition with time and space to adapt to cell environment. Their comprehensive analysis requires until now relatively large amounts of cells (>5×107) due to their low abundance and breakdown during isolation procedure. In this study, we combined small scale affinity capture of the T‐cell receptor (TCR) and RPP arrays to follow TCR signaling complex assembly in human ex vivo isolated CD4 T‐cells. Using this strategy, we report specific recruitment of signaling components to the TCR complex upon T‐cell activation in as few as 0.5 million of cells. Second‐ to fourth‐order TCR interacting proteins were accurately quantified, making this strategy specially well‐suited to the analysis of membrane‐associated signaling complexes in limited amounts of cells or tissues, e.g., ex vivo isolated cells or clinical specimens.
Proteomic analysis of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and ischemic preconditioning in mice revealed the protective role of ATP5β
Authors: Xu Chengfu , Zhang Xuequn , Yu Chaohui , Lu Guohua , Chen Shaohua , Xu Liming , Ding Wei , Shi Qiaojuan , Li Youming 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable consequence during liver surgery. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been shown to protect the livers from I/R injury, partially mediated by preservation of hepatic ATP contents. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of these events remain poorly elucidated. In this study, liver proteomes of the mice subjected to I/R injury pretreated with or without IPC were analyzed using 2‐DE combined with MALDI‐TOF/TOF mass analysis. Twenty proteins showing more than 1.5‐fold difference were identified in the livers upon I/R injury. Among these proteins, four proteins were further regulated by IPC when compared with nonpretreated controls. One of these proteins, ATP synthase β subunit (ATP5β) catalyzes the rate‐limiting step of ATP formation. The expression level of ATP5β, which was further validated by Western blot analysis, was significantly decreased upon I/R injury while turned over by IPC pretreatment. Change pattern of hepatic ATP corresponded with that of ATP5β expression, indicating that increasing hepatic ATP5β expression might be a reason for ATP‐preserving effect of IPC. In summary, this study provided new clues for understanding the mechanisms of IPC against I/R injury. The protective role of ATP5β might give evidences for developing new therapeutic approaches against hepatic I/R injury.
Development of a screening tool for the identification of psychooncological treatment need in breast cancer patients
Authors: Meraner Verena , Giesinger Johannes , Kemmler Georg , Taucher Susanne , Hubalek Michael , Weber Barbara , Rumpold Gerhard , Sperner‐Unterweger Barbara , Holzner Bernhard 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjective: In breast cancer patients the diagnosis, treatment and aftercare of the physical disease cause a large amount of psychosocial distress, which can have a variety of negative consequences on patients' physical and mental well‐being. Although about one‐third of the patients show heightened psychosocial distress that may require psychooncological interventions its detection in daily clinical routine is poor and referral to mental health professionals is insufficient. The aim of the study was to develop a short screening tool for the detection of need for psychooncological treatment (POT) in breast cancer patients.Methods: Over a period of six months, 115 breast cancer outpatients attending the Department of Gynaecology at Innsbruck Medical University were consecutively included in the study. Logistic regression analysis and ROC analyses were used to identify the most predictive item set from a set of questionnaires (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30, HADS and Hornheide Screening Instrument) and other additional questions.Results: Data from 105 breast cancer patients (mean age 58.8, SD 12.3) were available for analysis. A logistic regression equation containing the EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 scales Emotional Functioning and Role Functioning as well as the yes–no question after psychiatric/psychological/psychotherapeutic treatment at any point in lifetime showed highest predictive power with regard to need of POT (AUC=0.88; CI 95% 0.82–0.95). A pilot study (n=20) investigating applicability of a computerized version of this screening tool in oncological routine showed high acceptance and feasibility.Conclusion: The developed PO‐screening tool showed high diagnostic accuracy regarding POT needs. The short assessment time and good usability of its computerized version allowed easy implementation in daily oncological routine. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A cost effectiveness analysis of omitting radiography in diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Yong Jean Hai Ein , Schuh Suzanne , Rashidi Rasha , Vanderby Sonia , Lau Rodney , Laporte Audrey , Nauenberg Eric , Ungar Wendy J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo carry out a cost‐effectiveness analysis of omitting chest radiography in the diagnosis of infant bronchiolitis.HypothesisOmitting chest radiographs in the diagnosis of typical bronchiolitis was expected to reduce costs without adversely affecting the detection rate of alternate diseases.Study DesignAn economic evaluation was conducted using clinical and health resources. Emergency department (ED) physicians provided diagnoses pre‐ and post‐radiography as well as a management plan. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy (false‐negative rate) of alternate diagnoses with and without X‐ray. The incremental costs of omitting radiography in comparison to routine radiography per patient were assessed from a health system perspective.Patient SelectionWe studied 265 infants, 2–23 months old, presenting at the ED with typical bronchiolitis. Patients with pre‐existing conditions or radiographs were omitted from the study.MethodologyExpected costs to the health care system of including and excluding chest radiographs were compared, including costs associated with misdiagnosis.ResultsAll alternate diagnoses (two cases) were missed by ED physicians pre‐ and post‐radiography, resulting in a 100% false negative rate. The specificity in detecting alternate diseases was 96.6% pre‐radiography and 88.6% post‐radiography. Of the 17 cases of coexistent pneumonia, 88% were missed pre‐radiography and 59% post‐radiography, with respective false positive rates of 10.5% and 16.1%. Omission of routine chest radiograph saved CDN $59 per patient, primarily due to savings in radiography and hospitalization costs. The economic benefit persisted after the inpatient length of stay, ED overhead and radiograph costs were varied.ConclusionFor infants with typical bronchiolitis, omitting radiography is cost saving without compromising diagnostic accuracy of alternate diagnoses and of associated pneumonia. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:122–127. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology and impacts of children hospitalized with pneumonia from 1997 to 2004 in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Ping‐Sheng , Chang I‐Shou , Tsai Fang‐Yu , Hsieh Yu‐Chia , Shao Pei‐Lan , Chang Luan‐Yin , Huang Li‐Min 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the epidemiology and disease burden of childhood pneumonia in Taiwan, a middle‐income country.MethodsUsing Taiwan's National Health Insurance database, we analyzed the annual population‐based incidence and mortality rate of hospitalizations due to pneumonia in children under 18 years old from 1997 to 2004 in Taiwan.ResultsThe average annual incidence of hospitalized pneumonia was 1,240 episodes per 100,000 children in those below 18 years old. For children under 5 years old and for infants, the incidence was 3,965 and 4,984 out of 100,000, respectively. Boys were more likely to be affected than girls (male to female risk ratio 1.27, P < 0.001). The disease occurred most frequently in the spring and least frequently in the autumn (P < 0.001). In children below the age of 5 years old, mortality due to pneumonia was 6.7 per 100,000 per year for children and accounted for 4.2% of the total deaths in this population.ConclusionsIn Taiwan, pneumonia occurs most frequently in the spring, has an annual incidence of hospitalizations of 3,965 episodes per 100,000 children below the age of 5 years old. It accounts for a mortality rate of 6.7 per 100,000 children in that population, four times that of developed countries (1.6–1.8 episodes per 100,000 children‐year). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:162–166. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.