bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilingualism reduces associations between cognition and the brain at baseline, but does not show evidence of cognitive reserve over time
Authors: Elliott Meghan R. , Mungas Dan M , Arce Rentería Miguel , Whitmer Rachel A. , DeCarli Charles , Fletcher Evan M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Studies suggest that bilingualism may be associated with better cognition, but the role of active bilingualism, the daily use of two languages, on cognitive trajectories remains unclear. One hypothesis is that frequent language switching may protect cognitive trajectories against effects of brain atrophy. Here, we examined interaction effects between language and brain variables on cognition among Hispanic participants at baseline (N = 153) and longitudinally (N = 84). Linguistic measures included self-reported active Spanish–English bilingualism or Spanish monolingualism. Brain measures included, at baseline, regions of gray matter (GM) thickness strongly correlated with cross-sectional episodic memory and executive function and longitudinally, tissue atrophy rates correlated with episodic memory and executive function change. Active Spanish–English bilinguals showed reduced association strength between cognition and gray matter thickness cross-sectionally, β=0.303, p < .01 but not longitudinally, β=0.024, p = 0.105. Thus, active bilingualism may support episodic memory and executive function despite GM atrophy cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally.
Development and Operation of a Global‐Scale Seismographic Network: The IRIS/USGS GSN
Authors: Davis Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFrom inception in the late 1980s up to the present, the Global Seismographic Network has produced high quality seismic data that has advanced research into the structure of the Earth's deep interior particularly the large‐scale heterogeneous elastic/anelastic structure of the mantle and core. The network's breadth of coverage enables images of great earthquakes impossible to obtain from regional networks or array data alone. Analysis of the data has provided new insights into non‐traditional seismic sources such as slow earthquakes, glaciers and landslides. Ancillary meteorological and infrasound sensors collocated at the sites support unique studies of volcanic events such as the recent eruption of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai volcano. Near real‐time transmission of the data to hazard warning centers has expanded the network's usefulness as a tool for rapid response to earthquakes, for warning communities effected by tsunamis, and for monitoring compliance with nuclear test ban treaties. The successful construction and operation of the network would not be possible without the outstanding international cooperation of many governmental, academic and private groups who have hosted components of the network.
River Control Points for Algal Productivity Revealed by Transport Analysis
Authors: Schmadel Noah M. , Harvey Judson W. , Choi Jay , Stackpoole Sarah M. , Graham Jennifer L. , Murphy Jennifer C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMeasurement of planktonic chlorophyll‐a—a proxy for algal biomass—in rivers may represent local production or algae transported from upstream, confounding understanding of algal bloom development in flowing waters. We modeled 3 years of chlorophyll‐a transport through a 394‐km portion of the Illinois River and found that although algal biomass is longitudinally widespread, most net production occurs at river control points in the upper reaches (up to 3.7 Mg chlorophyll‐a y−1 km−1). Up to 69% of the algal biomass in the upper river was a result of within‐reach production, with the remainder recruited from headwaters and tributaries. High chlorophyll‐a measured farther downstream was largely because of transport from source‐area control points, with substantial net losses of algal biomass occurring in the lower river. Modeling the often‐overlooked river transport component is necessary to characterize where, when, and why planktonic algae grow and predict how far and fast they move downstream.
Storylines for Future Projections of Precipitation Over New Zealand in CMIP6 Models
Authors: Gibson Peter B. , Rampal Neelesh , Dean Samuel M. , Morgenstern Olaf 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLarge uncertainty exists in the sign of long‐term changes in regional scale mean precipitation across the current generation of global climate models. To explore the physical drivers of this uncertainty for New Zealand, here we adopt a storyline approach applying cluster analysis to spatial patterns of future projected seasonal mean precipitation change across CMIP6 models (n = 43). For the winter precipitation change signal, the models split roughly into two main groups: both groups have a very robust wet signal across the west coast of the South Island but differ notably in terms of the sign of precipitation change across the north of the North Island. These far north winter precipitation differences appear related to how far the Hadley cell edge and regional eddy‐driven jet shift across the models relative to their historical positions. In contrast, for summer, most models have a markedly weaker and spatially non‐uniform response, where internal variability often plays a large role. However, a small group of models predict a robust wet signal across most of the country in summer. This “wet model” group is characterized by a regional La Niña‐like increase in high pressure shifted further to the south‐east of New Zealand, associated with more frequent north‐easterly flow over the country and accompanied by significant warming of local sea surface temperatures. This regional circulation response appears related to changes in stationary Rossby wave paths as opposed to changes in La Niña occurrence frequency itself.
Localized General Vertical Coordinates for Quasi‐Eulerian Ocean Models: The Nordic Overflows Test‐Case
Authors: Bruciaferri Diego , Guiavarc'h Catherine , Hewitt Helene T. , Harle James , Almansi Mattia , Mathiot Pierre , Colombo Pedro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA generalized methodology to deploy different types of vertical coordinate system in arbitrarily defined time‐invariant local areas of quasi‐Eulerian numerical ocean models is presented. After detailing its characteristics, we show how the general localization method can be used to improve the representation of the Nordic Seas overflows in the UK Met Office NEMO‐based eddy‐permitting global ocean configuration. Three z*‐levels with partial steps configurations localizing different types of hybrid geopotential/terrain‐following vertical coordinates in the proximity of the Greenland‐Scotland ridge are implemented and compared against a control configuration. Experiments include a series of idealized and realistic numerical simulations where the skill of the models in computing pressure forces, reducing spurious diapycnal mixing and reproducing observed properties of the Nordic Seas overflows are assessed. Numerical results prove that the localization approach proposed here can be successfully used to embed terrain‐following levels in a global geopotential levels‐based configuration, provided that the localized vertical coordinate chosen is flexible enough to allow a smooth transition between the two. In addition, our experiments show that deploying localized terrain‐following levels via the multi‐envelope method allows the crucial reduction of spurious cross‐isopycnal mixing when modeling bottom intensified buoyancy driven currents, significantly improving the realism of the Nordic Seas overflows simulations in comparison to the other configurations. Important hydrographic biases are found to similarly affect all the realistic experiments and a discussion on how their interaction with the type of localized vertical coordinate affects the realism of the simulated overflows is provided.
Reduction of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in association with relapse in early-stage psychosis: a 7-Tesla MRS study
Authors: Mihaljevic Marina , Chang Yu-Ho , Witmer Ashley M. , Coughlin Jennifer M. , Schretlen David J. , Barker Peter B. , Yang Kun , Sawa Akira 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the biological underpinning of relapse could improve the outcomes of patients with psychosis. Relapse is elicited by multiple reasons/triggers, but the consequence frequently accompanies deteriorations of brain function, leading to poor prognosis. Structural brain imaging studies have recently been pioneered to address this question, but a lack of molecular investigations is a knowledge gap. Following a criterion used for recent publications by others, we defined the experiences of relapse by hospitalization(s) due to psychotic exacerbation. We hypothesized that relapse-associated molecules might be underscored from the neurometabolites whose levels have been different between overall patients with early-stage psychosis and healthy subjects in our previous report. In the present study, we observed a significant decrease in the levels of N-acetyl aspartate in the anterior cingulate cortex and thalamus in patients who experienced relapse compared to patients who did not. Altogether, decreased N-acetyl aspartate levels may indicate relapse-associated deterioration of neuronal networks in patients.
Predicting hypovitaminosis C with LASSO algorithm in adult critically ill patients in surgical intensive care units: a bi-center prospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Jie , Zhang Jingwen , Li Dawei , Hu Xin , Li Qi , Wang Wenwen , Su Jianguo , Wu Di , Kang Hongjun , Zhou Feihu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVitamin C played pleiotropic roles in critical illness and vitamin C insufficiency was predictive of the development of multiple organ failure. Currently, the prevalence of vitamin C insufficiency in Chinese critically ill patients is rarely determined and there are no established bedside tools to predict hypovitaminosis C. To develop a nomogram to identify patients with high risk of hypovitaminosis C, we performed a bi-center prospective cohort study at two ICUs of the first and sixth medical center in PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China from May 6th to July 31st, 2021 We identified 322 eligible patients. 62.4% patients were hypovitaminosis C. 7 features, including source of infection, the level of serum albumin, age, male gender, sepsis, vascular disease, and wasting of vitamin C by the kidney, were selected using LASSO algorithm and therefore included in the nomogram. In the testing set, our model showed moderate discrimination ability with areas under the curve of 0.75 [0.64–0.84]. Variable importance evaluated by SHAP value highlighted two novel important predictors, i.e., abdominal infection and the level of serum albumin. In conclusion, we first reported a high burden of vitamin C insufficiency in Chinese adult patient in the ICU. We also constructed a prediction model to timely identify patients with high risk of hypovitaminosis C, which allows the clinicians to choose appropriate candidates for Vitamin C repletion in clinical practice or clinical trials.
Alcohol and the risk of all-cause death, atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac arrest
Authors: Kim Yun Gi , Kim Dong Yun , Roh Seung-Young , Jeong Joo Hee , Lee Hyoung Seok , Min Kyongjin , Choi Yun Young , Han Kyung-Do , Shim Jaemin , Choi Jong-Il , Kim Young-Hoon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe risk of having atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with alcohol intake. However, it is not clear whether sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and ventricular arrhythmia (VA) including ventricular tachycardia, flutter, or fibrillation have similar associations with alcohol. We aimed to evaluate the association of alcohol intake with all-cause death, new-onset AF, VA, and SCA using single cohort with a sufficient sample size. A total of 3,990,373 people without a prior history of AF, VAs, or SCA was enrolled in this study based on nationwide health check-up in 2009. We classified the participants into four groups according to weekly alcohol consumption, and evaluated the association of alcohol consumption with each outcome. We observed a significant association between mild (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.826; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.815–0.838) to moderate (HR = 0.930; 95% CI = 0.912–0.947) drinking with decreased risk of all-cause mortality. However heavy drinking (HR = 1.108; 95% CI = 1.087–1.129) was associated with increased all-cause death. The risk of new-onset AF was significantly associated with moderate (HR = 1.129; 95% CI = 1.097–1.161) and heavy (HR = 1.298; 95% CI = 1.261–1.337) drinking. However, the risk of SCA showed negative association with all degrees of alcohol intake: 20% (HR = 0.803; 95% CI = 0.769–0.839), 15% (HR = 0.853; 95% CI = 0.806–0.902), and 8% (HR = 0.918; 95% CI = 0.866–0.974) lower risk for mild, moderate, and heavy drinkers, respectively. Mild drinking was associated with reduced risk of VA with moderate and heavy drinking having no associations. In conclusion, the association between alcohol and various outcomes in this study were heterogeneous. Alcohol might have different influences on various cardiac disorders.
Impact of professional nursing interventions on clinical outcomes in patients with acute gastric bleeding: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Yuan Xueqin , Yu Fang , Fu Shouzhi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcute gastric bleeding (AGB) is a common and potentially serious complication in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Nursing interventions play a critical role in the management of acute gastric bleeding, but their impact on clinical outcomes is not well understood. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the impact of nursing interventions on clinical outcomes in patients with acute gastric bleeding. A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for 220 patients with acute gastric bleeding who were admitted to the hospital between February 2022 and February 2023. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they received nursing interventions during their hospital stay. Clinical outcomes, including length of hospital stay, blood transfusion requirements, and mortality rates, were compared between the two groups using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Of the 220 patients included in the study, 168 (76.4%) received nursing interventions during their hospital stay. Patients who received nursing interventions had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (mean = 7.2 days, SD = 2.1) compared to those who did not receive nursing interventions (mean = 10.5 days, SD = 3.4, p < 0.001). Additionally, the 90-day mortality rate was lower in the group receiving professional nursing interventions (4.2% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.010). Fewer patients who received nursing interventions required blood transfusions (33.3% vs. 65.2%, p < 0.001) and mortality rates were lower (6.7% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that professional nursing intervention was a protective factor for postoperative rebleeding in patients with gastric hemorrhage (OR 0.727, 95% CI 0.497–0.901, P < 0.001). The results of this retrospective analysis suggest that nursing interventions are associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with acute gastric bleeding. The implementation of nursing interventions, such as individualized care plans, monitoring and evaluation, and patient education, should be encouraged to optimize patient outcomes in this population. Further research is needed to identify the most effective nursing interventions and to evaluate their cost-effectiveness.
Parameters and surrounding rock control of gob-side driving under double key stratum after roof cutting
Authors: Xu Lei , Ma Yuzhao , Elmo Davide , Ding Shuxue , Zhu Hengzhong , Liu Honglin , Li Wenfeng , Chen Wen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTaking the return-airway 4204 with roof cutting in Longquan Coal Mine as the engineering background, roof structure, key parameters, and deviatoric stress evolution were studied. Conclusion: The Key Stratum within a 4–8 times mining height is considered as Near Key Stratum. Cutting the roof makes it possible to form a cantilever structure of the Key Stratum on the solid coal side, which is more conducive to the stability of gob-side roadway. During cutting angle of 90–55°, the deviatoric stress increases linearly, and the increase rate is coal pillar > solid coal > roof > floor. While cutting length from 0 to 35 m, the deviatoric stress decreases linearly, and the decreasing range: coal pillar > solid coal > roof > floor. When coal pillar width is from 30 to 4 m, the deviatoric stress of left side and floor presents a “single peak” distribution. The deviatoric stress of coal pillar changes from an asymmetric “double peak” to a bell-shaped distribution, and the deviatoric stress of roof changes from a “single peak” to an asymmetric “double peak” distribution. Under same coal pillar width, the deviatoric stress of left, coal pillar and roof after roof cutting decreases most obviously, followed by the floor. Finally, the coal pillar width is 8 m, the cutting angle is 75°, the cutting length is 20 m, and the hole spacing is 1.0 m. The support scheme is bolt + metal mesh + steel belt + anchor cable combined support. The stable period of roadway is about 10 days.
A qualitative study of pregnant women’s perceptions and decision-making regarding COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand
Authors: Chawanpaiboon Saifon , Anuwutnavin Sanitra , Kanjanapongporn Attapol , Pooliam Julaporn , Titapant Vitaya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo identify pregnant women’s attitudes towards, and acceptance and rejection of, COVID-19 vaccination. This prospective, descriptive, implementation study was conducted in the Antenatal clinic of Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. In Phase I, 40 pregnant women were interviewed. Phase II consisted of questionnaire development and data validation. In Phase III, the questionnaire was administered to 400 participants. Pregnant women’s attitudes towards and acceptance and rejection of COVID-19 vaccination. Most pregnant women were uncertain about the potential harm of vaccination to themselves or their unborn child, including risks such as miscarriage or premature birth (59–66/101 [58.4%–65.3%]; OR 2.53–8.33; 95% CI 1.23–3.60, 5.17–19.30; P < 0.001) compared to those who disagreed with vaccination. Their vaccination decisions were significantly influenced by social media information regarding vaccination complications in pregnant women (74/101 [73.3%]; OR 15.95; 95% CI 2.15–118.55; P = 0.001) compared to those who disagreed with vaccination. Most pregnant women opined that they should not receive a COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 6.57; 95% CI 2.44–17.70; P = 0.001). Most also rejected vaccination despite being aware of its benefits (AOR 17.14; 95% CI 6.89–42.62; P < 0.001). Social media messages and obligatory vaccination certifications influence maternal vaccination decisions. Pregnant women believe vaccination helps prevent COVID-19 infection and reduces its severity. Nevertheless, the primary reason for their refusal was concern about potential harm to their unborn child or themselves during pregnancy.The Thai clinical trials registry: TCTR20211126006.
Le solaire thermique
Authors: Flamant Gilles , Tamain Bernard 
Published: March 2024

Le solaire à concentration permet de chauffer à haute température un fluide caloporteur. Le chaleur obtenue peut être ou bien utilisée directement, ou bien convertie en énergie électrique en utilisant un cycle thermodynamique. Un avantage des centrales solaires est de pouvoir améliorer, grâce à un couplage avec des systèmes de stockage thermique, les possibilities de régulation de la production en fonction de la demande.
Dans cet article, les performances actuelles et les perspectives d’évolution de ces centrales sont rapidement présentées.
Sense of community and residential well-being among rural-urban migrants in China
Authors: Guan Ming , Guan Hongyi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to provide an empirical prediction of residential well-being (RWB) and sense of community (SoC) among Chinese rural-urban migrants (RUMs). Multiple linear regressions are used with survey data derived from a representative sample of 15 migrant villages located in three major urban regions of China in order to evaluate the contributions of socioeconomic factors, living conditions, and neighborhood conditions to the SoC score and RWB score. The majority of the sample consists of middle-aged, married men who live in shared housing, are registered in the agricultural Hukou (household registration) system, and have subpar housing. Empirical analyses show that, after adjusting for socioeconomic factors, living conditions, and community neighborhood conditions, Hukou status (urban or rural) significantly influences the RWB score rather than the SoC score. In the simultaneous equation models, the following factors can predict the SoC score and RWB score: age, gender, educational attainment, home ownership, number of housing facilities, monthly household income, number of living rooms, number of problem-solving channels, and converted residences. The SoC score and RWB score have a moderately strong correlation. Therefore, improving the living, institutional, socioeconomic, and neighborhood conditions will help to improve the SoC and RWB of RUMs.
Active stabilization of an open-access optical microcavity for low-noise operation in a standard closed-cycle cryostat
Authors: Fisicaro M. , Witlox M. , van der Meer H. , Löffler W. 
Published: March 2024

Open-access optical microcavities are Fabry–Perot type cavities consisting of two micrometer-size mirrors, separated by an air (or vacuum) gap typically of a few micrometers. Compared to integrated microcavities, this configuration is more flexible as the relative position of the two mirrors can be tuned, allowing for easy changes in parameters such as cavity length and mode volume and the selection of specific transverse cavity modes. These advantages come at the expense of the mechanical stability of the cavity itself, which is particularly relevant in noisy closed-cycle cryostats. Here, we show an open-access optical microcavity based on scanning-probe microscope design principles. When operated at 4 K in a tabletop optical closed-cycle cryostat without any dedicated mechanical low-pass filter, we obtain stabilities of 5.7 and 10.6 pm rms in the quiet and full periods of the cryocooler cycle, respectively. Our device has free-space optical access, essential, for instance, for full polarization control.