bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma growth by RTA‐expressing baculovirus vectors containing oriP
Authors: Wang Leyao , Shan Liang , Lo Kwok Wai , Yin Juan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Sun Ren , Zhong Jiang 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with latent Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Activation of latent EBV into lytic replication by introducing viral lytic gene BRLF1 (RTA) has been shown to be a potential approach to suppress the growth of EBV‐associated NPC tumor.MethodsThe baculovirus vectors with RTA expression cassette (BV‐R), RTA and the EBV latent replication origin (OriP, BV‐RO), or RTA, OriP and EBNA‐1 gene (BV‐ROE‐CMV), were constructed and examined for their ability to mediate RTA expression, initiate lytic replication and induce cell death in EBV‐positive cell lines Hone1‐EBV, HK1‐EBV and C666‐1 in vitro. Their effect to inhibit the growth of EBV‐positive NPC tumors was also evaluated in nude mice.ResultsThe baculovirus vectors BV‐RO and BV‐ROE‐CMV mediated efficient expression of RTA in EBV‐positive NPC cells. Lytic EBV replication and cell death were observed in these infected cells. Both vectors also significantly inhibited the growth of EBV‐positive NPC tumor in nude mice. EBV early lytic gene expression and tumor cell death were observed in these treated tumors.ConclusionsThe presence of OriP improved the performance of the RTA‐expressing baculovirus vectors to induce EBV lytic replication and cell death in vitro, and suppress the growth of EBV positive NPC tumors in vivo. By confining RTA and EBNA‐1 expression to EBV‐positive cells, BV‐RO is expected to be a better candidate in application than BV‐ROE‐CMV in the long term. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Infinite families of 4‐chromatic Grötzsch‐Sachs graphs
Authors: Dobrynin Andrey A. , Mel'nikov Leonid S. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractLet G be a 4‐regular planar graph and suppose that G has a cycle decomposition S (i.e., each edge of G is in exactly one cycle of the decomposition) with every pair of adjacent edges on a face always in different cycles of S. Such graphs, called Grötzsch‐Sachs graphs, arise as a superposition of simple closed curves in the plane with tangencies disallowed. The first two known 4‐chromatic Grötzsch‐Sachs graphs of order 18 were reported in Dobrynin and Mel'nikov [Discrete Math 306 (2006), 591‐594]. In this article, all edge 4‐critical subgraphs of these graphs are described and infinite families of 4‐chromatic Grötzsch‐Sachs graphs with connectivity 2, 3, and 4 are constructed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 59: 279–292, 2008
Hypergraphs with large transversal number and with edge sizes at least 3
Authors: Henning Michael A. , Yeo Anders 
Published: July 2008

AbstractIt is shown in several manuscripts [Discrete Math 86 (1990), 117–126; Combinatorica 12 (1992), 19–26] that every hypergraph of order n and size m with edge sizes at least 3 has a transversal of size at most (n + m)/4. In this article, we characterize the connected such hypergraphs that achieve equality in this bound. As a direct consequence of this bound, the total domination of a graph with minimum degree at least 3 is at most one‐half its order. An elegant graph theoretic proof of this result is presented in Archdeacon et al. [J Graph Theory 46 (2004), 207–210]. Using our hypergraph result, we characterize the connected graphs with minimum degree at least 3 and with total domination number exactly one‐half their order. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 59: 326–348, 2008
Total domination in 2‐connected graphs and in graphs with no induced 6‐cycles
Authors: Henning Michael A. , Yeo Anders 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA set S of vertices in a graph G is a total dominating set of G if every vertex of G is adjacent to some vertex in S. The minimum cardinality of a total dominating set of G is the total domination number γt(G) of G. It is known [J Graph Theory 35 (2000), 21–45] that if G is a connected graph of order n > 10 with minimum degree at least 2, then γt(G) ≤ 4n/7 and the (infinite family of) graphs of large order that achieve equality in this bound are characterized. In this article, we improve this upper bound of 4n/7 for 2‐connected graphs, as well as for connected graphs with no induced 6‐cycle. We prove that if G is a 2‐connected graph of order n > 18, then γt(G) ≤ 6n/11. Our proof is an interplay between graph theory and transversals in hypergraphs. We also prove that if G is a connected graph of order n > 18 with minimum degree at least 2 and no induced 6‐cycle, then γt(G) ≤ 6n/11. Both bounds are shown to be sharp. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 55–79, 2009
In situ detection of flavonoids in weld‐dyed wool and silk textiles by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Jurasekova Z. , Domingo C. , Garcia‐Ramos J. V. , Sanchez‐Cortes S. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractLuteolin and apigenin flavonoid have been detected in silk and wool fibres dyed with weld (Reseda luteola L.) through surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements carried out ‘on the fibre’. For such purpose, Ag nanoparticles were produced and immobilised in situ via the laser photoreduction of a silver nitrate water solution in contact with the fibre. Control SERS spectra of pure luteolin and apigenin, as well as of mixtures of them, on analogous Ag nanoparticles were also obtained. In this work flavonoids with a similar molecular structure were identified on dyed fibres for the first time without previously hydrolysing the mordant–dye complex. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overexpression of VEGF is associated with positive p53 immunostaining in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adverse outcome of HCC patients
Authors: Tseng Po‐Lin , Tai Ming‐Hong , Huang Chao‐Cheng , Wang Chih‐Chi , Lin Jui‐Wei , Hung Chao‐Hung , Chen Chien‐Hung , Wang Jing‐Houng , Lu Sheng‐Nan , Lee Chuan‐Mo , Changchien Chi‐Sin , Hu Tsung‐Hui 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo elucidate the clinicopathological correlations among vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), microvessel density (MVD) and tumor suppressor gene p53 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), we adopted a new definition of “VEGF overexpression.”MethodsThe expressions of VEGF, MVD, and p53 in 113 HCC specimens were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsVEGF expression in surrounding liver tended to be stronger (VEGF overexpression, 31%) than, or similar to (57%) that in HCCs (P = 0.001). P53 positivity was noted in 42 cases (37.1%). MVD ranged from 22 to 201 microvessels/field determined for 5 high‐power fields. VEGF expression in HCCs was positively correlated with MVD (P = 0.001). VEGF overexpression is positively correlated with young age (P = 0.008), male gender (P = 0.01), hepatitis B viremia (P = 0.013), high α‐fetoprotein levels (P < 0.001), p53 (+) (P = 0.036), advanced‐stage HCC (P = 0.015), and HCC dedifferentiation (P = 0.004). Survival analyses indicated that VEGF overexpression, high MVD, and advanced‐stage HCC were independent poor prognostic factors for disease‐free and overall survival.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of a positive association between parameters reflective of angiogenesis, and p53 expression in HCCs. VEGF overexpression exhibited a significant correlation with viremia and survival. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:349–357. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nonlinear damped Timoshenko systems with second sound—Global existence and exponential stability
Authors: Messaoudi Salim A. , Pokojovy Michael , Said‐Houari Belkacem 
Published: July 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we consider nonlinear thermoelastic systems of Timoshenko type in a one‐dimensional bounded domain. The system has two dissipative mechanisms being present in the equation for transverse displacement and rotation angle—a frictional damping and a dissipation through hyperbolic heat conduction modelled by Cattaneo's law, respectively. The global existence of small, smooth solutions and the exponential stability in linear and nonlinear cases are established. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A refined deterministic linear program for the network revenue management problem with customer choice behavior
Authors: Kunnumkal Sumit , Topaloglu Huseyin 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe present a new deterministic linear program for the network revenue management problem with customer choice behavior. The novel aspect of our linear program is that it naturally generates bid prices that depend on how much time is left until the time of departure. Similar to the earlier linear program used by van Ryzin and Liu (2004), the optimal objective value of our linear program provides an upper bound on the optimal total expected revenue over the planning horizon. In addition, the percent gap between the optimal objective value of our linear program and the optimal total expected revenue diminishes in an asymptotic regime where the leg capacities and the number of time periods in the planning horizon increase linearly with the same rate. Computational experiments indicate that when compared with the linear program that appears in the existing literature, our linear program can provide tighter upper bounds, and the control policies that are based on our linear program can obtain higher total expected revenues. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
Optimum step‐stress accelerated life test plans for log‐location‐scale distributions
Authors: Ma Haiming , Meeker William Q. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThis article presents new tools and methods for finding optimum step‐stress accelerated life test plans. First, we present an approach to calculate the large‐sample approximate variance of the maximum likelihood estimator of a quantile of the failure time distribution at use conditions from a step‐stress accelerated life test. The approach allows for multistep stress changes and censoring for general log‐location‐scale distributions based on a cumulative exposure model. As an application of this approach, the optimum variance is studied as a function of shape parameter for both Weibull and lognormal distributions. Graphical comparisons among test plans using step‐up, step‐down, and constant‐stress patterns are also presented. The results show that depending on the values of the model parameters and quantile of interest, each of the three test plans can be preferable in terms of optimum variance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
Synthesis of phenothiazine‐based electroluminescent polymers with a stable emission property
Authors: Liu Yingliang , Li Jianghui , Cao Huayu , Cao Shaokui , Chen Zhijian , Xiao Lixin , Gong Qihuang 
Published: July 2008

AbstractTwo phenothiazine‐based polymers were synthesized by the Heck reaction of 3,7‐divinyl‐N‐octyl‐phenothiazine with 3,7‐diiodo‐N‐octyl‐phenothiazine and 5,8‐dibromo‐2,3‐diethylquinoxaline. The polymers were characterized by the measurements of 1H‐NMR, IR, TG, GPC, CV, UV–Vis, and FL. The results indicated that the introduction of quinoxaline group makes the absorption, PL, and EL emission maxima red‐shifted. The EL emission maximum and the CIE 1931 coordinate value are stabilized at a constant value with the increase in operating voltages. Therefore, the polymers have a stable electroluminescent emission property. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solubilization of heme proteins in low polar solvents by chemical modification on a protein's surface
Authors: Sakai Shinya , Kodama Lin , Matsumura Hirotoshi , Nakamura Nobuhumi , Yohda Masafumi , Ohno Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe use of nonaqueous solvents in biocatalytic reactions has gained much attention. Especially, biocatalysis in ionic liquids (ILs) has been investigated by many researchers recently. In this study, we tried to solubilize proteins in low polar solvents including water‐immiscible ILs. The proteins cytochrome c (cyt. c) and cytochrome P450 (P450) were chosen as model proteins. We used covalent modification with longer chain poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or with both PEO and a hydrophobic modifier (n‐hexylamine) to improve the solubility of proteins in low polar nonaqueous solvents. The chemically modified proteins were dissolved in chloroform and hydrophobic water‐immiscible ILs. PEO150/C6‐cyt. c was slightly dissolved in chloroform. Alkyl amine modification of the carboxyl residues increased the solubility of PEO150‐modified cyt. c in chloroform. Cyt. c modified with PEO5000 is soluble in chloroform and low polar ILs. PEO2000/C6‐modified P450st and PEO5000‐modified P450st were dissolved in all low polar solvents used in this study. UV–Vis spectroscopy and resonance Raman spectroscopy revealed the structure of chemically modified heme proteins in the nonaqueous solvents. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genome‐scale identification of UDP‐GlcNAc‐dependent pathways
Authors: Lau Ken S. , Khan Sofia , Dennis James W. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractMetabolite flux to UDP‐GlcNAc and Golgi N‐glycan biosynthesis regulates surface residency of glycoprotein receptors and transporters, and thus sensitivities of cells to extracellular cues. Salvage of GlcNAc increases UDP‐GlcNAc and branching of N‐glycans progressively, but displays an optimum for cell proliferation and bulk endocytosis in mouse NMuMG and human HEK293T epithelial cells. In this report, we measured global changes in gene expression in low and high GlcNAc‐supplemented cells. Genes upregulated by high GlcNAc included the EGF and TGF‐β signaling pathways and cell cycle checkpoint, while downregulated genes indicated lower metabolic activity. Genes increased or decreased by high GlcNAc were assessed by transfecting cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and measuring effects on three phenotypes: proliferation and bulk endocytosis, and β1,6GlcNAc‐branching of N‐glycans. siRNA targeting LGALS3, WBSCR17, PHF3, SDC2 and CTNNAL1 partially reversed the GlcNAc‐induced phenotypes, suggesting a role for galectin‐3/N‐glycans, proteoglycans, O‐glycans, and junctional cell adhesion.
Enthalpies of formation of olefinic ethers by G3(MP2)//B3LYP calculations
Authors: Taskinen Esko 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe gas‐phase enthalpies of formation at 298.15 K of a number of acyclic and cyclic olefinic ethers (mainly α,β‐unsaturated ethers), together with those of a few cyclic mono‐ and dienes, have been estimated by G3(MP2)//B3LYP calculations. In most cases, the computational and experimental data (if available) are in good mutual agreement. Whenever significant deviations between the experimental and computational data were found, the experimental enthalpies of formation arise from a single data source, and it appears that small experimental errors are embedded therein. A marked error was found in the experimental enthalpy of formation of 2‐chloroethyl ethyl ether, used in this work as a reagent for estimation of the enthalpy of formation of 2‐chloroethyl vinyl ether by an isodesmic reaction. Moreover, significant errors were also found in the literature values for the computational (B3LYP/6‐311G**) enthalpies of formation of several Me‐substituted derivatives of methyl vinyl ether. The present computational method, besides providing acceptable enthalpies of formation for unsaturated ethers, was also found to give accurate ΔfH(g) values for cyclic mono‐ and dienes. Thus, the G3(MP2)//B3LYP computational method proved to be a valuable tool for investigating the energetics of olefinic ethers and hydrocarbons. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐phase flow electrosynthesis: Comparing N‐octyl‐2‐pyrrolidone–aqueous and acetonitrile–aqueous three‐phase boundary reactions
Authors: MacDonald Stuart M. , Watkins John D. , Bull Stephen D. , Davies Iwan R. , Gu Yunfeng , Yunus Kamran , Fisher Adrian C. , Page Philip C. Bulman , Chan Yohan , Elliott Claire , Marken Frank 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA microfluidic double channel device is employed to study reactions at flowing liquid–liquid junctions in contact with a boron‐doped diamond (BDD) working electrode. The rectangular flow cell is calibrated for both single‐phase liquid flow and biphasic liquid–liquid flow for the case of (i) the immiscible N‐octyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NOP)–aqueous electrolyte system and (ii) the immiscible acetonitrile–aqueous electrolyte system. The influence of flow speed and liquid viscosity on the position of the phase boundary and mass transport‐controlled limiting currents are examined. In contrast to the NOP–aqueous electrolyte case, the acetonitrile–aqueous electrolyte system is shown to behave close to ideal without ‘undercutting’ of the organic phase under the aqueous phase. The limiting current for three‐phase boundary reactions is only weakly dependent on flow rate but directly proportional to the concentration and the diffusion coefficient in the organic phase. Acetonitrile as a commonly employed synthetic solvent is shown here to allow effective three‐phase boundary processes to occur due to a lower viscosity enabling faster diffusion. N‐butylferrocene is shown to be oxidised at the acetonitrile–aqueous electrolyte interface about 12 times faster when compared with the same process at the NOP–aqueous electrolyte interface. Conditions suitable for clean two‐phase electrosynthetic processes without intentionally added supporting electrolyte in the organic phase are proposed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Food vacuole proteome of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Lamarque Mauld , Tastet Christophe , Poncet Joël , Demettre Edith , Jouin Patrick , Vial Henri , Dubremetz Jean‐François 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe Plasmodium falciparum food vacuole (FV) is a lysosome‐like organelle where erythrocyte hemoglobin digestion occurs. It is a favorite target in the development of antimalarials. We have used a tandem mass spectrometry approach to investigate the proteome of an FV‐enriched fraction and identified 116 proteins. The electron microscopy analysis and the Western blot data showed that the major component of the fraction was the FV and, as expected, the majority of previously known FV markers were recovered. Of particular interest, several proteins involved in vesicle‐mediated trafficking were identified, which are likely to play a key role in FV biogenesis and/or FV protein trafficking. Recovery of parasite surface proteins lends support to the cytostomal pathway of hemoglobin ingestion as a FV trafficking route. We have identified 32 proteins described as hypothetical in the databases. This insight into FV protein content provides new clues towards understanding the biological function of this organelle in P. falciparum.
Characterisation of tumoral markers correlated with ErbB2 (HER2/Neu) overexpression and metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Durán Ma Carmen , Vega Francisco , Moreno‐Bueno Gema , Artiga Ma Jesus , Sanchez Lydia , Palacios Jose , Ridley Anne , Timms John F. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 (HER2/neu) is overexpressed in ˜30% of breast cancers and is associated with poor prognosis and an increased likelihood of metastasis. Clinical treatments such as trastuzumab are effective in less than 35% of women diagnosed as ErbB2‐positive, highlighting the necessity of searching for novel targets and alternative therapies. Herein, a proteomic screening strategy combining quantitative‐based gel electrophoresis and MS was used to compare the protein expression of 48 normal human breast and tumour tissues differing in ErbB2 expression and lymph node status. The aim was to identify proteins associated with the aggressive phenotype of ErbB2‐positive breast cancer which could be potential biomarkers of the disease as well as therapy targets. In total, 177 protein isoforms (107 gene products) differentially expressed between tissue groups were identified. Immunohistochemical staining of a tissue‐microarray was used for validation of selected protein candidates. We found that expression of HSP90α, laminin and GSTP1 significantly correlated with ErbB2 expression, while others such as AGR2, NM23H1 and Annexin 2 were overexpressed in greater than 40% of tumours. Finally, knocking‐down the expression by RNA interference of three candidates, AGR2, Transgelin2 and NM23H1 resulted in an enhanced invasive capacity of MDA‐MB435 cells. These data support the involvement of these targets in tumour progression and identify them as novel biomarkers of the disease.
Proteomics and genomics of urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Mohammed Sulma I. , Rahman Munazzah 
Published: July 2008

AbstractUrinary bladder cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the United States. The National Cancer Institute estimates that the incidence rates will be 68 810 and the mortality rate will be 14 100 in the year 2008. Although the gold standards cytology and cystoscopy are specific for diagnosing bladder cancer, the former lacks the sensitivity to detect low‐grade tumors and the latter is very invasive and expensive. Therefore, scientists are interested in identifying reliable non‐invasive biomarkers that could be utilized in screening, leading to early detection and/or in predicting the progression of superficial tumors to invasive higher‐stage lesions with high specificity and sensitivity. Several biomarkers that indicate changes in the expression of proteins associated with increased risk have been identified. The purpose of this analysis is to provide an overview of the studies that have been conducted during the last decade that identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers via proteomic and genomic advancements.
Dynamic computer simulations of Cs incorporation in Si during low‐energy (0.2–3 keV) irradiation
Authors: Gnaser Hubert 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe incorporation of Cs atoms in silicon was investigated by dynamic computer simulations using the Monte‐Carlo code T‐DYN that takes into account the gradual change of the target composition due to the Cs irradiation. The implantation of Cs atoms at normal incidence was studied for four energies (0.2, 0.5, 1, and 3 keV) and three different Cs surface‐binding energies UCs (0.4, 0.8, and 2.4 eV). The total implantation fluences were 2 × 1017 Cs cm−2 for 0.2 keV, 1.5 × 1017 Cs cm−2 for 0.5 keV, and 1 × 1017 Cs cm−2 for 1 and 3 keV. At these values, a stationary state has been reached. The steady‐state Cs‐surface concentrations exhibit a pronounced dependence both on impact energy and UCs, varying between ∼1 (at 0.2 keV and UCs = 2.4 eV) and ∼0.13 (3 keV and UCs = 0.4 eV). Under equilibrium, the partial sputtering yield of Si, YSi, experiences little influence of UCs, but varies with the Cs energy: at UCs = 0.8 eV from 0.09 to 1.0 Si atoms/Cs projectile. For all irradiation conditions a strongly preferential sputtering of Cs atoms as compared to Si atoms is found, increasing from 1.8 (at 3 keV and UCs = 2.4 eV) to 13.3 (at 0.2 keV and UCs = 0.4 eV). Preferential sputtering of Cs increases with decreasing irradiation energy and decreasing UCs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.