bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term effects of STN DBS on mood: psychosocial profiles remain stable in a 3-year follow-up
Authors: Kaiser Iris , Kryspin-Exner Ilse , Brücke Thomas , Volc Dieter , Alesch François 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus significantly improves motor function in patients with severe Parkinson's disease. However, the effects on nonmotor aspects remain uncertain. The present study investigated the effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on mood and psychosocial functions in 33 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease in a three year follow-up.

Methods
Self-rating questionnaires were administered to 33 patients prior to surgery as well as three, six, twelve and 36 months after surgery.

Results
In the long run, motor function significantly improved after surgery. Mood and psychosocial functions transiently improved at one year but returned to baseline at 36 months after surgery. In addition, we performed cluster and discriminant function analyses and revealed four distinct psychosocial profiles, which remained relatively stable in the course of time. Two profiles featured impaired psychosocial functioning while the other two of them were characterized by greater psychosocial stability.

Conclusion
Compared to baseline no worsening in mood and psychosocial functions was found three years after electrode implantation. Moreover, patients can be assigned to four distinct psychosocial profiles that are relatively stable in the time course. Since these subtypes already exist preoperatively the extent of psychosocial support can be anticipatory adjusted to the patients' needs in order to enhance coping strategies and compliance. This would allow early detection and even prevention of potential psychiatric adverse events after surgery. Given adequate psychosocial support, these findings imply that patients with mild psychiatric disturbances should not be excluded from surgery.
GOLPH2 expression in renal cell cancer
Authors: Fritzsche Florian Rudolf , Riener Mark-Oliver , Dietel Manfred , Moch Holger , Jung Klaus , Kristiansen Glen 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are among the most common and most lethal genitourinary malignancies. GOLPH2 (golgi phosphoprotein 2, GOLM1) has recently been proposed as a biomarker for hepatocellular and prostate cancer. In this study we analysed the expression patterns and the prognostic and diagnostic value of GOLPH2 in RCC.

Methods
GOLPH2 protein expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry in 104 clinically well characterized RCC cases in comparison with matched normal kidney tissue and in association with clinico-pathological parameters. Statistical analyses including Kaplan Meier analyses were performed with SPSS version 15.0.

Results
GOLPH2 was highly expressed in normal renal tubules and in almost half of RCC with a statistically significant predominance in the papillary and chromophobe histological subtypes. No other associations with clinico-pathological parameters were detectable. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed a weak trend for unfavourable prognosis of tumours with high GOLPH2 expression, but failed significance.

Conclusion
GOLPH2 protein is expressed in normal renal tissue (especially in distal tubular epithelia) and is down-regulated in the majority of clear cell RCC. In papillary and chromophobe RCC GOLPH2 expression is consistently present. In contrast to its diagnostic value in hepatocellular and prostatic carcinomas, a prognostic or diagnostic value of GOLPH2 in RCC appears to be unlikely.
Systematic review of worldwide variations of the prevalence of wheezing symptoms in children
Authors: Patel Swatee P , Järvelin Marjo-Riitta , Little Mark P 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundConsiderable variation in the prevalence of childhood asthma and its symptoms (wheezing) has been observed in previous studies and there is evidence that the prevalence has been increasing over time.MethodsWe have systematically reviewed the reported prevalence and time trends of wheezing symptoms among children, worldwide and within the same country over time. All studies comprising more than 1000 persons and meeting certain other quality criteria published over a 16-year period, between January 1990 and December 2005, are reported and a comparison of ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) and non-ISAAC studies is made, in part as a way of expanding the power to examine time trends (the older studies tend to be non-ISAAC), but also to examine possible methodological differences between ISAAC and non-ISAAC questions.ResultsA wide range of current prevalence of wheeze was observed between and within countries over time. The UK had the highest recorded prevalence of 32.2% in children aged 13–14 in 1994–5 and Ethiopia had the lowest prevalence, 1.7% in children aged 10–19 in 1996. All studies in Australia and the UK were compared using multiple logistic regression. ISAAC phase I and III studies reported significantly higher prevalence of current wheeze (OR = 1.638) compared with non-ISAAC studies, after adjusting for various other factors (country, survey year, age of child, parental vs child response to the survey). Australia showed a significantly higher prevalence of current wheezing (OR = 1.343) compared with the UK, there was a significant increase in the prevalence odds ratio per survey year (2.5% per year), a significant decrease per age of child (0.7% per year), and a significantly higher response in current wheezing if the response was self-completed by the child (OR = 1.290). These factors, when explored separately for ISAAC and non-ISAAC studies, showed very different results. In ISAAC studies, or non-ISAAC studies using ISAAC questions, there was a significant decrease in current wheezing prevalence over time (2.5% per year). In non-ISAAC studies, which tend to cover an earlier period, there was a significant increase (2.6% per year) in current wheezing prevalence over time. This is very likely to be a result of prevalence of wheezing increasing from the 1970s up to the early 1990s, but decreasing since then.ConclusionThe UK has the highest recorded prevalence of wheezing and Ethiopia the lowest. Prevalence of wheezing in Australia and the UK has increased from the 1970s up to the early 1990s, but decreased since then and ISAAC studies report significantly higher prevalences than non-ISAAC studies.
Complex chromosome rearrangement in a child with microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features and mosaicism for a terminal deletion del(18)(q21.32-qter) investigated by FISH and array-CGH: Case report
Authors: Manolakos Emmanouil , Kosyakova Nadezda , Thomaidis Loreta , Neroutsou Rozita , Weise Anja , Mihalatos Markos , Orru Sandro , Kokotas Haris , Kitsos George , Liehr Thomas , Petersen Michael B 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We report on a 7 years and 4 months old Greek boy with mild microcephaly and dysmorphic facial features. He was a sociable child with maxillary hypoplasia, epicanthal folds, upslanting palpebral fissures with long eyelashes, and hypertelorism. His ears were prominent and dysmorphic, he had a long philtrum and a high arched palate. His weight was 17 kg (25th percentile) and his height 120 cm (50th percentile). High resolution chromosome analysis identified in 50% of the cells a normal male karyotype, and in 50% of the cells one chromosome 18 showed a terminal deletion from 18q21.32. Molecular cytogenetic investigation confirmed a del(18)(q21.32-qter) in the one chromosome 18, but furthermore revealed the presence of a duplication in q21.2 in the other chromosome 18. The case is discussed concerning comparable previously reported cases and the possible mechanisms of formation.
Antitumor enhancement of celecoxib, a selective Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in a Lewis lung carcinoma expressing Cyclooxygenase-2
Authors: Park Won , Oh Young Taek , Han Jae Ho , Pyo Hongryull 
Published: November 2008

Abstract

Background
The goal of this study was to determine the effects of a selective Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor on the inhibition of tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in a Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) animal model.

Methods
For immunoblot analysis of COX-2 and PGE2, cells were treated with irradiation in the presence or absence of celecoxib. The right thighs of male, 6-week old C57/BL mice were subcutaneously injected with 1 × 106 LLC cells. The animals were randomized into one of six groups: (1) no treatment, (2) 25 mg/kg celecoxib daily, (3) 75 mg/kg celecoxib daily, (4) 10 Gy irradiation, (5) 10 Gy irradiation plus 25 mg/kg celecoxib daily, and (6) 10 Gy irradiation plus 75 mg/kg celecoxib daily. Mice were irradiated only once, and celecoxib was administered orally. Mice were irradiated with 4-MV photons once the tumor volume of the control group reached 500 mm3. All mice were sacrificed when the mean tumor volume of control animals grew to 4000 mm3. The left lobes of the lungs were extracted for the measurement of metastatic nodules.

Results
Irradiation resulted in a dose-dependent increase in PGE2 production. PGE2 synthesis decreased markedly after treatment with celecoxib alone or in combination with irradiation. Compared to mice treated with low dose celecoxib, mean tumor volume decreased significantly in mice treated with a high dose of celecoxib with or without irradiation. Mice treated with a high dose celecoxib alone, with irradiation alone, or with irradiation plus celecoxib had markedly fewer metastatic lung nodules than controls. The mean metastatic area was the smallest for mice treated with irradiation plus a high dose celecoxib.

Conclusion
Oral administration of high dose celecoxib significantly inhibited tumor growth, as compared to a low dose treatment. Radiotherapy in combination with high dose celecoxib delayed tumor growth and reduced the number of pulmonary metastases to a greater extent than celecoxib or radiotherapy alone.
Limited reliability of the indirect immunofluorescence technique for the detection of anti-Rib-P antibodies
Authors: Mahler Michael , Ngo Jennifer T , Schulte-Pelkum Johannes , Luettich Tanja , Fritzler Marvin J 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Introduction
Autoantibodies to the ribosomal P proteins represent a highly specific marker for the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, where they have been associated with certain clinical manifestations. Historically, autoantibodies against ribosomal P proteins have been detected by indirect immunofluorescence, immunodiffusion, immunoblot, and other immunoassays. More recently, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and line and addressable laser bead immunoassays have become more widely used. The primary goal of this study was to determine the sensitivity of indirect immunofluorescence using conventional HEp-2 substrates in the detection of sera with ribosomal P antibodies as detected by other immunoassays.

Methods
Anti-ribosomal P-positive sera (n = 345) as detected by an addressable laser bead immunoassay were collected between 2003 and 2007 and analysed by indirect immunofluorescence. Furthermore, 51 anti-ribosomal P-positive samples from an unselected systemic lupus erythematosus cohort (n = 100) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) reference sera were tested for anti-ribosomal P reactivity.

Results
In the cohort of 345 anti-ribosomal P-positive samples identified by addressable laser bead immunoassay, a low sensitivity (<30%) of indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cell substrates was observed. Although the degree of sensitivity varied among different manufacturers, all immunofluorescence substrates exhibited limited sensitivity and false-negative results were not restricted to samples with low anti-ribosomal P titers. Even the anti-ribosomal P reactivity of CDC ANA reference serum number 12 was not clearly predictable by indirect immunofluorescence. Comparison of five different methods for the detection of anti-ribosomal P found moderate qualitative agreements.

Conclusions
Based on our data, we conclude that indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells is not a reliable screening test for the prediction of ribosomal P antibodies. As this method is widely used as a first-line screening test for anti-nuclear and other autoantibodies, special considerations for the detection of ribosomal P antibodies are needed. As with many other autoantibodies, further effort is required for the standardisation of ribosomal P immunoassays.
Influence of Pre- and Post-Transplantation Responses on Outcome of Patients With Multiple Myeloma: Sequential Improvement of Response and Achievement of Complete Response Are Associated With Longer Survival
Authors: Lahuerta Juan José , Mateos Maria Victoria , Martínez-López Joaquin , Rosiñol Laura , Sureda Anna , de la Rubia Javier , García-Laraña José , Martínez-Martínez Rafael , Hernández-García Miguel T. , Carrera Dolores , Besalduch Joan , de Arriba Felipe , Ribera José María , Escoda Lourdes , Hernández-Ruiz Belén , García-Frade Javier , Rivas-González Concepción , Alegre Adrían , Bladé Joan , San Miguel Jesús F. 
Published: November 2008

Purpose Complete response (CR) is considered an important goal in most hematologic malignancies. However, in multiple myeloma (MM), there is no consensus regarding whether immunofixation (IF)-negative CR, IF-positive near-CR (nCR), and partial response (PR) are associated with different survivals. We evaluated the prognostic influence on event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of these responses pre- and post-transplantation in newly diagnosed patients with MM. Patients and Methods We analyzed 632 patients from the prospective Grupo Español de Mieloma 2000 protocol who were uniformly treated with vincristine, carmustine, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, and predisone/vincristine, carmustine, adryamcine, and dexamethasone induction followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation. Results Post-transplantation response markedly influenced outcomes. Patients achieving CR had significantly longer EFS (median, 61 v 40 months; P < 10−5) and OS (medians not reached; P = .01) versus patients achieving nCR, who likewise had somewhat better outcomes compared with patients achieving PR (median EFS, 34 months, P = .07 v nCR; median OS, 61 months, P = .04). EFS and OS and influence of response were similar among older (age 65 to 70 years) and younger (age < 65 years) patients. Similar findings were observed with pretransplantation response, with trends toward EFS (P = .1; P = .05) and OS (P = .1; P = .07) benefit in patients achieving CR versus nCR and PR, respectively. Post-transplantation response was markedly influenced by pretransplantation response; improvements in response were associated with prolonged survival. Conclusion Quality of response post-transplantation, notably CR, is significantly associated with EFS and OS prolongation in newly diagnosed patients with MM. There were trends toward similar associations with pretransplantation response status.
Carcinoma of the Lower Uterine Segment: A Newly Described Association With Lynch Syndrome
Authors: Westin Shannon N. , Lacour Robin A. , Urbauer Diana L. , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Bodurka Diane C. , Lu Karen H. , Broaddus Russell R. 
Published: November 2008

Purpose Endometrial carcinoma in the lower uterine segment (LUS) is a poorly described cancer that can be clinically confused with endocervical carcinoma. We performed a case-comparison study to document the clinicopathologic characteristics of LUS tumors and their association with risk factors for endometrial cancer. Patients and Methods The clinical records and pathology reports from women who underwent hysterectomy at our institution for endometrial or endocervical adenocarcinoma over an 11-year interval were reviewed. The LUS group consisted of women with endometrial tumors that clearly originated between the lower uterine corpus and the upper endocervix. Immunohistochemistry and microsatellite instability and MLH1 methylation assays were performed. Results Thirty-five (3.5%) of 1,009 women had endometrial carcinoma of the LUS. Compared with patients with corpus tumors, LUS patients were younger, had higher stage tumors, and had more invasive tumors. Preoperative diagnosis of the LUS tumors more frequently included the possibility of endocervical adenocarcinoma. Seventy-three percent of the LUS tumors had an immunohistochemical expression pattern typical of conventional endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Ten (29%) of 35 women with LUS tumors were confirmed to have Lynch syndrome or were strongly suspected to have Lynch syndrome on the basis of tissue-based molecular assays. Conclusion The prevalence of Lynch syndrome in patients with LUS endometrial carcinoma (29%) is much greater than that of the general endometrial cancer patient population (1.8%) or in endometrial cancer patients younger than age 50 years (8% to 9%). On the basis of our results, the possibility of Lynch syndrome should be considered in women with LUS tumors.
Fahrermodellierung im Kontext kognitiver Automobile Driver Modelling within the Context of Cognitive Automobiles
Authors: Deml Barbara , Neumann Hendrik , Müller André , Wünsche Hans Joachim 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
In dieser Arbeit werden vier Ansätze zur Fahrermodellierung vorgestellt und an einem Beispiel gezeigt, dass sich damit sowohl individuelle Unterschiede im Lenkverhalten als auch strategische Fahraufgaben abbilden lassen. Abschließend wird diskutiert, wie sich dies für die Entwicklung autonomer Fahrzeuge nutzen lässt.
Test- und Bewertungsmethoden für Sicherheitssysteme der Bahnführungsebene Test and Evaluation Methods for Safety Systems on the Guidance Level
Authors: Fecher Norbert , Regh Fabian , Habenicht Stefan , Hoffmann Jens , Winner Hermann 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen dieses Artikels werden zwei methodische Ansätze vorgestellt, anhand derer die Frage nach dem bestehenden Prüfbedarf für Sicherheitssysteme der Bahnführungsebene einerseits aus System- und andererseits aus Manöversicht beantwortet wird. Basierend hierauf wird beispielhaft gezeigt, welche Bereiche mit bekannten Testverfahren bereits adressiert werden und wo noch Entwicklungsbedarf besteht. Am Beispiel des Darmstädter Verfahrens mit EVITA (Experimental Vehicle for Unexpected Target Approach) zur Bewertung von Frontalkollisionsgegenmaßnahmen werden Anforderungen, Umsetzung sowie die Validierung neuartiger Testverfahren gezeigt.
Ein Multiregler zur Erprobung vollautonomen Fahrens A Multi Controller for Testing Full-autonomous Driving
Authors: Werling Moritz , Gröll Lutz , Bretthauer Georg 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein Multireglerkonzept, welches verschiedene Quer- und Längsregler zur Erprobung vollautonomen Fahrens bereitstellt. Nach einer Beschreibung der praktischen Anforderungen an ein solches System, wird basierend auf der exakten Ein-/Ausgangslinearisierung eine Querregelungsstrategie beschrieben, der zwei Einspurmodelle mit unterschiedlichen Gültigkeitsbereichen zugrunde liegen. Der Querregler zeichnet sich durch Robustheit gegenüber Fehlern in der gemessenen GPS-Position und Bahnplanung sowie durch geringe Stetigkeitsanforderungen an die geplante Sollbahn aus, was für den prototypischen Einsatz in der Praxis von besonderer Bedeutung ist. Zur Realisierung einer Geschwindigkeits-, Abstands- und Anhalteregelung wird eine Ablösestrategie vorgestellt, welche zwischen verschiedenen Regelzielen stoßfrei wechselt. Der entworfene Multiregler wird in praktischen Fahrversuchen für verschiedene Szenarien erprobt und die Ergebnisse werden ausführlich dargestellt.
Political Expression in the Chinese Blogosphere: Below the Radar
Authors: Esarey Ashley , Qiang Xiao 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This study examines subtle forms of political expression, including political satire and criticism of the state, in the writings of popular Chinese bloggers. It finds that the advent of blogging has provided citizens of the People's Republic with a medium for making sophisticated critiques of the regime without encountering harsh repression.
Dividing Seabed Hydrocarbon Resources in East Asia: A Comparative Analysis of the East China Sea and the Caspian Sea
Authors: Lee Yusin , Kim Sangjoon 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper examines why there is no multinational regime governing resource extraction in the East China Sea. After comparing the East China Sea case with the partially successful regime governing Caspian Sea resources, we suggest two explanatory variables: relative power relations and trust factors.
Lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism: report of four cases and review of the literature
Authors: Szalat Auryan , Mazeh Haggi , Freund Herbert R 
Published: November 2008

ContextLithium-associated hyperparathyroidism (LAH) was first described in 1973 but many issues remain in question regarding the pathophysiology as well as the appropriate management of this condition.ObjectiveReport of four new cases and review of the literature.ResultsWe describe two males and two females, treated for more than 10 years with lithium due to bipolar disorder, who developed LAH. All underwent parathyroidectomy. In three cases (75%), pathology revealed multiglandular disease, with hyperplasia or two parathyroid adenomas. We observed a cure status in three (75%) of the operated patients. The fourth patient had a residual disease, but had controlled hypercalcemia under the calcimimetic drug cinacalcet. We also observed the association of LAH with incidental papillary thyroid carcinoma in two patients. Review of the literature identified a higher prevalence of LAH in women than men (four out of one) and a controversy in regard to the prevalence of multiglandular disease. As a result, there is no consensus regarding the preferred surgical procedure. The use of cinacalcet as an effective treatment of LAH was previously described in only five cases.ConclusionIn our view, there are apparently two different mechanisms leading to LAH: exacerbation of a pre-existing state of hyperparathyroidism and multiglandular disease. For uncontrolled hypercalcemia, parathyroidectomy is recommended. The issue of routine four-gland exploration and subtotal parathyroidectomy versus intraoperative PTH-determination-guided excision of enlarged glands is still unresolved. The use of the recently developed calcimimetics may offer an alternative to patients who are not candidates for surgery.