bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial and Legal Development of Social Relations Using Digital Currencies in Metaverses
Authors: Sitnikov M. S. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: based on the analysis of financial and legal policy of certain jurisdictions, to determine the initial prospects of financial and legal development of social relations in metaverse using digital currencies.Methods: the research is based on the system of cognitive tools: first of all, formal-legal, comparative-legal, statistical methods, and the method of legal forecasting, which help to interpret the legal norms and financiallegal policy of various jurisdictions, assess the degree of current development of legislation on regulation of technologies in virtual worlds, and formulate ideas about the financial-legal regulation of public relations using digital currencies in the metaverse.Results: the study reveals that modern legislation on metaverses is at the initial stage of its formation, as in developed jurisdictions metaverse is still considered only as a future technology. The author shows the degree of popularity of the metaverse first prototypes and the growing attention of some states to the metaverse in order to develop their socioeconomic potential and consolidate international leadership in digital development. The paper points out the shortcomings of the metaverse definitions developed in doctrine and practice, and long proposes the author’s definition. It is argued that in order to fully integrate metaverse technology into a certain country, whose policy is focused on achieving (maintaining) a high rating in terms of the economy digital transformation, it is necessary to determine the currency that will be legitimately used in the metaverse in future. A conclusion is made that it is necessary to plan financial and legal policy in this area, which will largely depend on the legal regime of cryptocurrency in a particular country. It is argued that further development of the metaverse concept in Russia will depend on the results of testing the digital ruble.Scientific novelty: the paper is one of the first devoted to the convergence of metaverse and financial law, which proposes a concept for establishing full-fledged legality of digital currency in the metaverse depending on the attitude of a particular country to decentralized finance. Along with popular definitions formulated in doctrine and practice, the author presents their own interpretation of the metaverse, indicating its essential features.Practical significance: the conclusions and proposals obtained can be used to improve the mechanisms of financial and legal regulation of social relations under the emerging metaverse concept. The presented ideas are important for further research of various financial and legal aspects of metaverses’ development and functioning.
Digital History of Law: Principles of Methodology
Authors: Lonskaya S. V. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: to theoretically substantiate the basic principles of methodology of a new interdisciplinary area of socio-humanities – the digital history of law; to demonstrate the heuristic potential of digital technologies in legal historical sciences.Methods: the study is based on systemic, formal-logical, and comparative general scientific methods.Results: it is concluded that the methodology of the digital history of law is based, first of all, on the source-centric approach, which considers a source as a macro-object of humanitarian and social sciences, through which information exchange takes place (O.M. Medushevskaya’s concept of cognitive history). Secondly, it is based on the combination of traditional methods of legal history with digital techniques and technologies and methods based on them – within a research program of historical-legal (historical-juridical) source studies. The article attempts to summarize the existing digital technologies and techniques, as well as methods based on them, as applied to legal historical sciences; their heuristic potential is shown in case studies.Scientific novelty: for the first time in the Russian legal history science, the author substantiates the methodology of the digital history of law as an interdisciplinary field that studies the past of state and law using digital information and communication technologies and tools.Practical significance: under the shifts in socio-humanities (digital, linguistic, visual ones, etc.), which have become relevant in recent years, and the development of the digital type of social communication, methodological approaches to obtaining new knowledge are changing, new interdisciplinary branches of scientific knowledge are emerging, as well as new requirements for the qualification of researchers. The ongoing changes affect legal historical sciences: digital history of law is formed as an interdisciplinary area within digital humanities, at the confluence of history, legal science, and information science. The understanding and application of digital technologies and the scientific cognition methods based on them in legal historical research open up new opportunities for legal historians in determining the directions of their scientific research and obtaining new scientific results. This ultimately expands our understanding of historical and legal facts, phenomena and processes.
Legal Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: Experience of China
Authors: Filipova I. A. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: to trace the development trajectory of legal regulation in the field of artificial intelligence in the People’s Republic of China by revealing the advantages and disadvantages of China’s approach to artificial intelligence regulation and to outline the prospects of national regulation for the nearest future, taking into account the world experience.Methods: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, systemic and functional approaches. Also, the formal-legal, comparativelegal, and historical-legal methods were used.Results: the research demonstrates the validity of Chinese claims for world leadership in the creation of legal regulation of artificial intelligence, as it is in China that the first normative legal acts were adopted. These acts have already entered into force; however, each of them deals with a narrow range of issues, while there is no law to establish general rules for the artificial intelligence industry. Among the characteristic features of the Chinese approach we can name, first of all, its iterative nature, which allows adjusting the regulation with each new step. Another feature is the sectoral nature of the regulation.Scientific novelty: in the course of the research, the development stages of artificial intelligence legal regulation in China were identified and described; the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese approach to regulation were identified and argued; this approach was compared with the approaches of China’s main rivals competing with it in terms of the technology development and its legal regulation. All of the above allowed making conclusions about the subsequent development of legal regulation in China and in the whole world.Practical significance: familiarization with the research materials enables interested legal scholars, and not only them, to get a clear idea of the level of artificial intelligence regulation, achieved by China. China’s experience is of significant interest to the rest of the world, showing the correctness or faults of possible regulatory options in the new and complex field. The study results can be used in the practice of legal regulation in the sphere of artificial intelligence, as well as in preparing lectures in the relevant courses and writing tutorials for law students.
Authors’ Moral Rights in the Digital Environment
Authors: Sápi E. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: to answer the question whether the authors’ moral rights the in the digital environment correspond to their original purpose, and to determine the impact of the development of social networking platforms, artificial intelligence technologies and non-fungible tokens (NFT) on the transformed role and features of the protection of the author’s moral rights under modern conditions.Methods: the research is based on historical-legal, comparative-legal and formal-dogmatic methods. Legal institutions and legal practice on the issue of protection of the author’s moral rights are subjected to critical analysis.Results: the genesis and normative fixation of the author’s moral rights are investigated in historical retrospect. It is noted that at present the protection of these rights is insufficiently regulated at the international level, while national copyright law, for example, of continental European states, provides a sufficiently strong protection of the author’s moral rights; however, the effectiveness of the latter is weakening in the digital age. The paper analyzes the changing landscape of copyright relations caused by technological progress: in social networks, in the generation of works by artificial intelligence, and in the creation of digital works of art. The thesis is substantiated that the author’s moral rights are undesirable in the context of social platforms. The paper proposes solutions to the issues of authorship of works created by artificial intelligence, violation of author’s rights, and integrity in case of full or partial borrowing of a work to generate a new work by artificial intelligence. The role of NFT technologies in solving the problem of preserving the author’s moral rights is defined.Scientific novelty: the work fills a gap in research on the relationship between copyright and technological development. It identifies and evaluates the innovations in the purpose and content of the author’s moral rights, caused by the processes of digitalization, and attempts to solve the problem of the author’s rights compliance with technological progress.Practical significance: the obtained results may serve as a conceptual basis for further development and improvement of national legislation and international legal regulation in the field of copyright protection, transformation of the objectives, role and place of the author’s moral rights in the digital environment.
Assessment of Artificial Intelligence-based digital learning systems in higher education amid the pandemic using Analytic Hierarchy
Authors: Singh Vikrant Vikram , Kumar Nishant , Singh Shailender , Kaul Meenakshi , Gupta Aditya Kumar , Kapur P.K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The devastating effects of the 2020 worldwide COVID-19 virus epidemic prompted widespread lockdowns and restrictions, which will continue to be felt for decades. The repercussions of the pandemic have been most noticeable among educators and their students, which boosts the effectiveness of various AI-based learning systems in the education system. This study examines the AI-based digital learning platforms in higher education institutions based on various characteristics and uses of these systems. Several significant aspects of AI-based digital learning systems were obtained from the available literature, and significant articles were selected to properly examine various characteristics and functions of AI-based digital learning platforms used by multiple higher education institutions. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is employed to rank multiple AI-based learning systems based on key factors and their sub-factors. The study's outcome revealed which AI systems are effectively used in developing digital learning systems by various higher education institutions.
Phenotype wide association study links bronchopulmonary dysplasia with eosinophilia in children
Authors: Kelchtermans Jelte , March Michael E. , Hakonarson Hakon , McGrath-Morrow Sharon A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a frequent complication of preterm birth. Despite this, genetic drivers of BPD are poorly understood. The objective of this study is to better understand the impact of if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with BPD by examining associations with other phenotypes. We drew pediatric subjects from the biorepository at the Center for Applied Genomics to identify associations between these SNPs and 2,146 imputed phenotypes. Methylation data, external cohorts, and in silico validation methods were used to corroborate significant associations. We identified 72 SNPs that were previously associated with BPD. We found a significant association between rs3771150 and rs3771171 and mean eosinophil percentage in a European cohort of 6,999 patients and replicated this in external cohorts. Both SNPs were also associated with asthma, COPD and FEV1/FVC ratio. These SNPs displayed associations with methylation probes and were functionally linked to ST2 (IL1RL1) levels in blood. Our findings support a genetic justification for the epidemiological link between BPD and asthma. Given the well-established link between ST2 and type 2 inflammation in asthma, these findings provide a rationale for future studies exploring the role of type 2 inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPD.
Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acute postoperative pain after breast augmentation surgery: placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial protocol.
Authors: Santos Kamylla Caroline , Avila Mariana Arias , Neto Gilberto Inacio Cardoso , Martucci Alexandre Fabricio , Liebano Richard Eloin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
● Background: Breast augmentation is a surgical procedure that may result in postoperative pain. The use of analgesics to relieve pain may produce adverse effects and delay recovery. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological approach that can relieve pain by activating nerve fibers. However, the effectiveness of TENS in breast augmentation has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of TENS on pain intensity immediately after breast augmentation. The results have the potential to advance scientific and technological knowledge in the treatment of acute postoperative pain, using accessible non-pharmacological interventions that can improve patients’ experiences.
● Methods: A placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial will be conducted with 52 participants submitted to breast augmentation following a rapid 24-hour recovery. Participants will be randomly allocated to two groups: active TENS and placebo TENS. Each participant will undergo a TENS treatment session. The primary outcome will be pain intensity assessed at rest and during movement, before and immediately after TENS. Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity one hour after treatment, respiratory muscle strength, satisfaction with the intervention and analgesic use in the first four hours after surgery.
● Discussion: The results of this study will provide important information on the effects of TENS in patients submitted to breast augmentation, contributing to improving ´postoperative pain. It is hoped that the findings of a non-pharmacological approach will contribute to developing more effective and less costly pain management strategies. This may result in a significant improvement in the experience of patients submitted to this surgical procedure.
● Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) on 01/02/2024 under registration number RBR-96h3k97.
The value of COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model in predicting venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer
Authors: Wei Hualin , Han Wei , Zhang Xianbo , Zhang Ming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the clinical value of COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model in predicting venous thromboembolism (VTE) in tumor patients.
Methods
482 patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer admitted to the oncology department were scored using the COMPASS-CAT risk assessment model and the Khorana risk assessment scale, respectively. The predictive value of the two models for VTE was compared.
Results
The proportion of platelet > 350x109 / L, hemoglobin < 100g / L, leukocyte > 11 × 109 / L, COMPASS-CAT ≥ 7 and Khorana score ≥ 2 in the VTE group was significantly higher than that in the non-VTE group. The sensitivity, specificity, Jordan index, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of COMPASS-CAT model ≥ 7 in the diagnosis of VTE were 69.81%, 98.13%, 67.94%, 82.22% and 96.33%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, Jordan index, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Khorana model ≥ 2 for diagnosis of VTE were 79.24%, 81.77%, 61.01%, 35.00% and 96.95%, respectively. The AUC of VTE diagnosed by COMPASS-CAT model and Khorana model was 0.913 (95%CI:0.858–0.967) and 0.695 (95%CI: 0.617–0.773). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that COMPASS-CAT model score ≥ 7 and Khorana model score ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for VTE in tumor patients.
Conclusion
COMPASS-CAT model is superior to Khorana model in diagnosing VTE in tumor patients, and it is more suitable for VTE risk assessment in tumor patients.
METTL3-dependent N6-methyladenosine RNA modification promotes diabetes-associated periodontitis via mediating macrophage pyroptosis
Authors: Cao Zhengguo , Yang Qiudong , Xiao Junhong , Liu Yuqi , Yang Zhengkun , Wang Chuan , Sun Jiahui , Wang Huiyi , Liu Heyu , Wang Xiaoxuan , Ma Li , Huang Xin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Patients with diabetes are twice as likely to suffer from periodontitis (PD) than those without diabetes, and diabetes-associated PD is distinguished by increased inflammation and aggravated tissue damage. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, leading to undetermined effective treatment for diabetes-associated PD. One of the most significant epigenetic alterations, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications are implicated in a number of developmental and pathological processes. Here, we found that Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) expression was upregulated in diabetes-associated PD mice and macrophages under Porphyromonas gingivalis and high glucose stimulation. Functionally, m6A RNA hypermethylation and pyroptosis were eliminated by METTL3 knockdown, but more significant alterations were brought about by METTL3 overexpression. Moreover, using methylation RNA immunoprecipitation, nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was found to be a target of METTL3. Mechanistically, METTL3 increased m6A methylation level of NLRP3 and further affects macrophage pyroptosis. Binding of insulin-like growth factor 2 binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) to the m6A-modified domains of NLRP3 was necessary for its stability. Lastly, the silencing of METTL3 mediated by adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) ameliorated periodental inflammation and alveolar bone loss in diabetes-associated PD mice. Collectively, we have shown that METTL3 induced m6A alterations of NLRP3 and enhanced its stability through pathways depended on IGF2BP3, thereby inducing macrophage pyroptosis in diabetes-associated PD progression, providing evidence that the METTL3/NLRP3 axis is a new and promising target for treating diabetes-associated PD.
Prospecting Cellulolytic Bacteria From White Grubs (Holotrichia serrata (F.) and Leucopholis coneophora Burmeister) Native to Karnataka Region
Authors: P Bhavani , KR Gagandeep , Ramesh Balenahalli Narasingappa , KV Prakash 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Insecta, the largest class within Arthropoda, hosts complex symbiotic relationships with microorganisms, offering significant potential for various biotechnological applications. The gut microbiota of insects, comprising a diverse array of bacteria, plays crucial roles in food digestion, nutrient provisioning, and enzyme synthesis, particularly relevant for lignocellulosic biomass breakdown and bioremediation. White grubs that are significant pests in Karnataka region, such Holotrichia serrata and Leucopholis coneophora, have gut microbiota that are rich in cellulolytic bacteria, which significantly aid in the breakdown of cellulose. Lignocellulosic biomass, derived from agricultural and forestry waste, presents opportunities for sustainable biofuel production and waste management.
Results
Seventeen cellulolytic bacterial isolates were obtained from the fermentation chambers of white grubs, displaying diverse morphological characteristics and predominantly belonging to Firmicutes and γ-proteobacteria. Bacillus, Enterobacter and Klebsiella species were prevalent among the isolates. Evaluation of cellulolytic activity revealed notable capabilities, with Bacillus toyonensis strain LC3B1 exhibiting remarkable cellulolytic index. Substrate degradation assays demonstrated LC3B1 proficiency in decomposing various agricultural residues, highlighting its potential in biomass conversion. Structural analyses using FTIR and SEM techniques provided insights into cellulose breakdown mechanisms by these isolates.
Conclusion
The study underscores the diverse cellulolytic capabilities harbored within the gut bacteria of white grubs, offering promising avenues for biotechnological applications in lignocellulosic biomass degradation and biofuel production. The ubiquity of cellulase-producing strains from families such as Bacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae highlights their vital role in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, having noteworthy consequences for the utilisation of biodegradation in recycling and environmentally friendly waste disposal.
Tell don’t ask: how to use social media to mobilise local collective climate action
Authors: Shreedhar Ganga , Hinton Josh , Thomas-Walters Laura 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Collective climate action may be vital for shaping societal-level change and alleviating climate anxiety. We examined how climate movements can utilise social media to promote local public engagement, as the language and social imagery used by climate activists could affect public willingness to engage. Collaborating with Extinction Rebellion (XR)-United Kingdom (UK), we conducted a randomised controlled field trial with over 350,000 Facebook users in three cities: Birmingham, Oxford, and Cardiff. We evaluated the impact of messaging and imagery on local climate engagement, by comparing willingness to attend climate talks based on requests versus exhortations, alongside protest, impact, and diversity images. We found that exhortations were more effective than requests, especially when paired with climate impact imagery. Message effectiveness varied across cities, being the strongest in Birmingham and weakest in Cardiff, indicating the importance of tailoring strategies to local contexts.