bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antisecretory factor in severe traumatic brain injury (AFISTBI): protocol for an exploratory randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Réen Linus , Cederberg David , Marklund Niklas , Visse Edward , Siesjö Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite recent advances in neuroimaging and neurocritical care, severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still a major cause of severe disability and mortality, with increasing incidence worldwide. Antisecretory factor (AF), commercially available as Salovum®, has been shown to lower intracranial pressure (ICP) in experimental models of, e.g., TBI and herpes encephalitis. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of antisecretory factors in adult patients with severe TBI on ICP and inflammatory mediators in extracellular fluid and plasma.

Methods/design
This is a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical phase 2 trial, investigating the clinical superiority of Salovum® given as a food supplement during 5 days to adults with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) < 9), admitted to the neurocritical intensive care unit (NICU) at Skane university hospital, Lund, Sweden. All patients with GCS < 9 and clinical indication for insertion of ICP-monitor and microdialysis catheter will be screened for inclusion and assigned to either the treatment group (n = 10) or placebo group (n = 10). In both groups, the primary outcome will be ICP (mean values and change from baseline during intervention), registered from high-frequency data monitoring for 5 days. Secondary outcomes will be inflammatory mediators in plasma and intracerebral microdialysis perfusate days 1, 3, and 5 during trial treatment.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04117672. Registered on September 17, 2017. Protocol version 6 from October 24, 2023.
Challenges in developing a split drive targeting dsx for the genetic control of the invasive malaria vector Anopheles stephensi
Authors: Larrosa-Godall Mireia , Ang Joshua X. D. , Leftwich Philip T. , Gonzalez Estela , Shackleford Lewis , Nevard Katherine , Noad Rob , Anderson Michelle A. E. , Alphey Luke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background

Anopheles stephensi is a competent malaria vector mainly present in southern Asia and the Arabian Peninsula. Since 2012, it has invaded several countries of eastern Africa, creating an emerging risk of urban transmission. Urgent efforts are required to develop novel and more efficient strategies for targeted vector control. CRISPR/Cas9-based homing gene drives have been proposed as attractive alternative strategies. Gene drives have the potential to spread a desired trait through a population at higher rates than via normal Mendelian inheritance, even in the presence of a fitness cost. Several target genes have been suggested and tested in different mosquito vector species such as Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti. Several promising suppression drives have been developed in An. gambiae that target the sex determination gene doublesex (dsx).

Methods
In this study, a geographically confineable gene drive system targeting dsx was developed (dsx

gRNA
). Here, a transgenic line which expresses Cas9 under the control of the endogenous zpg promoter was generated. Separately a transgenic line which expresses a gRNA targeting the female specific exon of dsx was inserted into that same target site. The reproductive fitness of males and females heterozygous and homozygous for this element was determined. A series of experimental crosses was performed to combine the two elements and assess the homing rate of the dsx element in a split drive system.

Results
The drive was able to home in a super-Mendelian rate comparable to those obtained by an autonomous drive in this species. Although inheritance rates as high as 99.8% were observed, potentially providing very potent gene drive, dominant effects on male and female fertility were observed, which would be sufficient to hinder spread of such a drive. Molecular analysis indicated that the gRNA expressing insertion disrupted normal splicing of dsx.

Conclusions
These results should be considered when proposing the viability of dsx as a target gene for a population suppression gene drives in Anopheles stephensi. Although high homing rates were observed, the fitness defects found in both males and females carrying the transgene would likely prohibit this drive from functioning in the field.

Graphical Abstract
Longitudinal maternal glycemia during pregnancy and placental epigenetic age acceleration
Authors: Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie , Wijesiriwardhana Prabhavi , Biedrzycki Richard J. , Zhang Cuilin , Grantz Katherine L. , Grewal Jagteshwar , Tekola-Ayele Fasil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Dysregulation of maternal glucose homeostasis has been related to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in mothers and fetuses, yet the mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the association between maternal glycemic levels and placental epigenetic age acceleration (PAA) in a multiethnic cohort.

Methods
In a sample of 301 pregnant women (102 Hispanic, 77 White, 72 Black, and 50 Asian/Pacific Islander), the association of glycemic markers cumulative exposure with PAA was tested using linear regression adjusting for fetal sex, maternal age, educational status, and health insurance status. Models were applied in the full cohort and stratified by race/ethnicity. Further, sensitivity analyses were performed after excluding women with GDM or preeclampsia.

Results
Among Black women, high glucose, HbA1c, and insulin cumulative exposure levels were associated with lower PAA compared to low cumulative exposure levels (β = − 0.75 weeks, 95% CI = − 1.41 to − 0.08); β = − 0.86, 95% CI = − 1.51 to − 0.21; and β = − 0.76, 95% CI = − 1.49 to − 0.03, respectively). Among Asian/Pacific Islander women, medium insulin cumulative exposure level was associated with lower PAA (β = − 0.94 weeks, 95% CI = − 1.74 to − 0.14). No significant association was observed among White and Hispanic women as well as in the full cohort.

Conclusions
Elevated glucose, HbA1c, and insulin cumulative levels throughout pregnancy were associated with lower PAA in Black and Asian/Pacific Islander women. Placental epigenetic aging may be altered by maternal elevated glycemia and may in part underlie early programming of health outcomes in pregnancy and childhood health outcomes.
The unique activity of the bone morphogenetic protein TGH4 affects the embryonic development of Trichinella spiralis and the establishment of vaccine protection
Authors: Shi Wenjie , Liu Yi , Liu Yan , Bai Xue , Liang Yue , Yang Yaming , Wu Fangwei , Liu Mingyuan , Xu Ning 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, animal outbreaks of trichinellosis have been reported in Mexico, China, Algeria, Croatia and others, which is a challenge to meat safety and public health. Vaccination is an important means to control trichinellosis, but one of the main challenges in vaccine development is screening for protective candidate antigens. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)), which are potential vaccine research targets, play key roles in the growth and development of metazoans. The BMP homologue TGH4 was identified from Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), and recombinant C-terminal mature rTGH4-m had BMP activity and exerted regulatory effects on both mouse fibroblast and T. spiralis embryonic development. The construction of a protein mutant without activation potential confirmed that BMP activity had a negative regulatory effect on the establishment of immune protection by affecting the innate, adaptive, and humoral immunity of mice. Stripping protein activity can enhance immune protection and host resistance to T. spiralis. Our findings demonstrate that the TGH4 mutant is an important vaccine candidate antigen that blocks embryonic development, kills larvae, and provides insight into parasite vaccine research.
Importance of the 5’ untranslated region for recombinant enzyme production in isolated Bacillus subtilis 007
Authors: Senger Jana , Schulz Adriana , Seitl Ines , Heider Martin , Fischer Lutz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The production of industrial enzymes requires an efficient expression system with a suitable host. This study investigated the isolated Bacillus subtilis 007 as a host for expressing three enzymes with potential application in the food industry. Firstly, testing the PaprE and P43 promoters and the corresponding 5’ untranslated regions revealed great differences in the production of the recently discovered β-galactosidase from Paenibacillus wnnyii. Expression controlled by the PaprE promoter yielded a significantly higher activity of 2515 µkat/L, compared to 56 µkat/L with the P43 promoter. Modifications on the PaprE core promoter region or the spacer, the sequence between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the start codon, did not improve β-galactosidase production. Since the aprE 5’ untranslated region contributes to a high mRNA stability, it was incorporated into the P43 construct to determine whether mRNA stability is responsible for the differences observed in β-galactosidase production. Interestingly, mRNA stability was significantly improved and led to a nearly 50-fold higher β-galactosidase production of 2756 µkat/L. This strategy was successfully validated by the expression of two other enzymes: the cellobiose-2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus and the β-glucosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus. These findings underscored the crucial role of post-transcriptional regulation and emphasized mRNA stability as a key role in recombinant enzyme production in B. subtilis 007.
CD36 inhibition enhances the anti-proliferative effects of PI3K inhibitors in PTEN-loss anti-HER2 resistant breast cancer cells
Authors: Liu You-Yu , Huang Wei-Lun , Wang Sin-Tian , Hsu Hui-Ping , Kao Tzu-Ching , Chung Wei-Pang , Young Kung-Chia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
HER2-positive patients comprise approximately 20% of breast cancer cases, with HER2-targeted therapy significantly improving progression-free and overall survival. However, subsequent reprogramed tumor progression due to PI3K signaling pathway activation by PIK3CA mutations and/or PTEN-loss cause anti-HER2 resistance. Previously, alpha isoform-specific PI3K inhibitors were shown to potentiate HER2-targeted therapy in breast cancer cells carrying PI3K pathway alterations with less potent effects on PTEN-loss than PIK3CA-mutant cells. Therefore, seeking for alternative combination therapy needs urgent attentions in PTEN-loss anti-HER2 resistant breast cancer.

Methods
Since remodeling of fatty acid (FA) metabolism might contribute to HER-positive breast cancer and is triggered by the PI3K signal pathway, herein, we examined the effects of the inhibition of endogenous FA conversion, SCD-1 or exogenous FA transport, CD36, in combination with PI3K inhibitors (alpelisib and inavolisib) in anti-HER2 resistant PTEN-loss breast cancer cells.

Results
The activated HER2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway positively correlated with SCD-1 and CD36 expression in PTEN-loss breast cancer cells. PI3K inhibition downregulated SCD-1, and accordingly, the addition of the SCD-1 inhibitor did not augment the antiproliferative effects of the PI3K inhibitors. CD36 was upregulated by blocking the PI3K signal pathway or limited serum supplementation, indicating that suppressing CD36 may decrease the excess transport of exogenous FA. The addition of the CD36 inhibitor synergistically enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of the PI3K inhibitors.

Conclusion
Simultaneously targeting the PI3K signaling pathway and exogenous FA uptake could potentially be advantageous for patients with PTEN-loss anti-HER2 resistant breast cancer.
IMF By influence on fast earthward convection flows in the near-lunar magnetotail
Authors: Liu T. C. , Pitkänen T. , Nilsson S. , Kullen A. , Park J.-S. , Hamrin M. , Shang W. S. , Wang H. Z. , Yao S. T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of non-zero IMF B
y on the magnetotail B
y and fast earthward ion convection (V
⊥ > 200 km/s, "⊥" indicates perpendicular to the magnetic field) in the near-lunar magnetotail plasma sheet using the plasma parameters and magnetic field detected by the ARTEMIS (Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun) P1 satellite during the period 2011–2022. We find that the magnetotail B
y with in the same direction as IMF B
y dominates the entire region. The IMF B
y influence is hemisphere-independent, but shows a dusk-dawn asymmetry with the IMF B
y effect being weaker in the premidnight region than in the postmidnight region. We also find that the IMF B
y influence on earthward fast convection results in an interhemispheric flow asymmetry and it is highly correlated with the direction of magnetotail B
y. The statistical results indicate that occasionally localized dynamics can have a significant effect on magnetotail B
y and V
⊥.
Social media and capital markets: an interdisciplinary bibliometric analysis
Authors: Long Wen , Guo Man 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Social media platforms collect information from complex human social behaviors. It has been shown that they significantly impact capital markets. This article conducts a bibliometric analysis of 363 high-quality articles from the Web of Science on social media and capital markets. First, a descriptive analysis was performed, including discipline distribution, growth trends, institutions, publication sources, influential authors, articles, and countries. Second, collaborative networks identify cooperation between countries and institutions in the network analysis section. Bibliometric coupling analysis determines the relationship between journals of different disciplines. Cluster analysis and keyword co-occurrence networks identify hot research topics. Burst detection and keyword time zone analysis track field development. Finally, keyword analysis and clustering analysis are conducted on the research of different disciplines. These sample papers mainly include seven hot topics, including sentiment analysis and financial market prediction. Articles in business and finance focus more on social media’s impact on capital markets. In contrast, information technology articles focus more on extracting information from social media. Each field also has its unique research directions. This paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the research on social media and capital markets. It offers perspectives on disciplinary differences, serving as a valuable scholarly reference for conducting in-depth research.
Modeling pegcetacoplan treatment effect for atrophic age-related macular degeneration with AI-based progression prediction
Authors: Mantel Irmela , Lasagni Vitar Romina M. , De Zanet Sandro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
To illustrate the treatment effect of Pegcetacoplan for atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), on an individualized topographic progression prediction basis, using a deep learning model.

Methods
Patients (N = 99) with atrophy secondary to AMD with longitudinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) data were retrospectively analyzed. We used a previously published deep-learning-based atrophy progression prediction algorithm to predict the 2-year atrophy progression, including the topographic likelihood of future retinal pigment epithelial and outer retinal atrophy (RORA), according to the baseline OCT input. The algorithm output was a step-less individualized topographic modeling of the RORA growth, allowing for illustrating the progression line corresponding to an 80% growth compared to the natural course of 100% growth.

Results
The treatment effect of Pegcetacoplan was illustrated as the line when 80% of the growth is reached in this continuous model. Besides the well-known variability of atrophy growth rate, our results showed unequal growth according to the fundus location. It became evident that this difference is of potential functional interest for patient outcomes.

Conclusions
This model based on an 80% growth of RORA after two years illustrates the variable effect of treatment with Pegcetacoplan according to the individual situation, supporting personalized medical care.
A rare neurosurgical emergency: case report of spontaneous lumbar subdural empyema
Authors: Stanković Svetozar , Lepić Milan , Bogićević Ivan , Stanković Jadranka , Pavlicević Goran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Spinal subdural empyema (SDE) is a rare but serious infection that can lead to severe neurological deficits if not diagnosed and managed promptly. This case report presents a rare instance of spontaneous SDE and discusses the management approach, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old male presented with acute-onset lumbar pain without radicular symptoms. Initial lumbar spine computed tomography was unremarkable, leading to home-based analgesic and steroid therapy. The patient’s condition deteriorated, developing severe radicular pain, high-grade fever, and signs of sepsis within seven days. Laboratory tests showed elevated inflammatory markers. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed lumbar SDE at the L3-L5 levels. Emergency surgical intervention, including wide laminectomy and subdural space irrigation, was performed. Postoperatively, the patient received broad-spectrum antibiotics followed by targeted antibiotic therapy based on culture results. The patient showed significant clinical improvement post-surgery. Initial broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was followed by targeted therapy (vancomycin and levofloxacin) for three weeks, and then oral cephalosporins for four weeks. Laboratory parameters normalized, and the patient reported pain relief with no symptom relapses over six months.

Conclusion
Spinal SDE, though rare, should be considered in patients with acute lumbar pain syndrome, particularly when associated with signs of infection. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention combined with appropriate antibiotic therapy are crucial for favorable outcomes. This case highlights the need for urgent MRI in the early stages of symptom onset to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
Persistent intestinal myiasis caused by Oestrus ovis in a Nigerian university student: a case report
Authors: Adiri Winifred N. , Basil Bruno , Onyia Chinwe P. , Ugwuanyi Joy O. , Azifuaku Chinyere , Iheukwumere Sam C. , Obienu Olivia , Ijoma Uchenna N. , Nwokediuko Sylvester C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal myiasis is a rare form of infestation by fly larvae which typically occurs due to ingestion of contaminated food or water, especially in regions with poor hygiene. This report presents a rare and persistent case of intestinal myiasis caused by Oestrus ovis in a Nigerian university student, highlighting the challenges posed by persistent symptoms despite prolonged standard anti-helminthic treatments.

Case presentation
A 24-year-old male Nigerian university student presented with the passage of live maggots in his stool for 1 year likely due to exposure to contaminated food from unsanitary campus vendors. He had received multiple anti-helminthic treatments without improvement. Clinical evaluations, including imaging and laboratory tests, were mostly normal, with live maggots confirmed as Oestrus ovis larvae in stool samples. Initial treatment with standard anti-helminthics failed, leading to prolonged treatment with ivermectin, nitazoxanide, and colonic washes, combined with levofloxacin for Helicobacter pylori eradication, resulting in the resolution of symptoms with no recurrence after 6 months.

Conclusion
This case emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider rare parasitic infections such as Oestrus ovis myiasis, especially in endemic regions with poor hygiene, and highlights the importance of extended or alternative treatment protocols for resistant cases. It also emphasizes the need for increased awareness of food safety and hygiene in high-risk environments and further research into resistance mechanisms in myiasis treatment.
Effective Brief, Low-impact, High-intensity Osteogenic Loading in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Papadopoulou–Marketou Nektaria , Papageorgiou Anna , Marketos Nikolaos , Tsiamyrtzis Panagiotis , Vavetsis Georgios , Chrousos George P 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and disrupted microarchitecture estimated by trabecular bone score (TBS), resulting in increased bone fracture risk. “Osteostrong®” is a bone-strengthening system implementing 4 devices and incorporating brief (10-minute), weekly, low-impact, and high-intensity osteogenic loading exercises. We evaluated the efficacy of the Osteostrong® intervention in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

Methods and Subjects
147 postmenopausal osteoporotic women were separated into two groups: Group A comprised 74 women receiving Osteostrong® intervention (mean age 58.8 years, 56.6-61 years 95% CI), and was subdivided into G1 receiving no antiresorptive medication, and G2 on such medication. Group B comprised 73 women that received no Osteostrong® intervention (mean age 61.8 years, 59.4-64.1 95% CI) and was subdivided into G3 on no antiresorptive therapy, and G4 on such treatment. All participants underwent a physical examination and had an assessment for secondary osteoporosis. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examinations (Horizon W [S/N 300472M]) were performed at the time of trial inclusion and 12 months later.

Results
Statistically significant increases were observed in the following parameters: i) BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) in G1(p=0.0039), G2(p&lt;0.001), and G4(p=0.0059): ii) TBS in G2(p=0.0078): iii) BMD of the right femoral neck in G1(p=0.0382) and G4(p=0.032): iv) BMD of the left femoral neck G2(p=0.0089) and in G4(p=0.0498) and total femur in G2(p=0.0162).

Conclusions
Osteostrong® improved BMD of the lumbar spine in women with osteoporosis both off and on antiresorptive treatment. Furthermore, Osteostrong® enhanced the effect of antiresorptive therapy on BMD and TBS of the spine, hip and femoral neck.
Reportagens sobre os profissionais de enfermagem no enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Dourado Joao Victor Lira , Paula Paulo Henrique Alexandre de , Sánchez Edna Johana Mondragón , Costa Maria Isabelly Fernandes da , Mesquita Kirley Kethellen Batista , Pinheiro Patrícia Neyva da Costa 
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: identificar em reportagens de jornais sobre a situação dos profissionais de enfermagem no enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19. Método: estudo documental desenvolvido em 11 jornais de circulação digital, consultados de março a junho de 2022, com leitura inicial de títulos, manchetes, leads e imagens. De posse do material, realizaram-se a captação e a organização das informações, que foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a maioria das reportagens eram de jornais internacionais, publicadas entre fevereiro e maio de 2020 e apresentavam conteúdos em forma de depoimentos e fotografias. Elaboraram-se quatro categorias: significados atribuídos pela população no enfrentamento ao novo coronavírus; atuação dos profissionais de enfermagem na assistência à saúde; situação dos profissionais de enfermagem nos serviços de saúde; e perspectivas dos profissionais de enfermagem na pandemia. Considerações finais: nacional e internacionalmente, os profissionais de enfermagem foram reconhecidos como essenciais no enfrentamento da pandemia.