bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is early‐onset microsatellite and chromosomally stable colorectal cancer a hallmark of a genetic susceptibility syndrome?
Authors: Kets C.M. , van Krieken J.H.J.M. , van Erp P.E.J. , Feuth T. , Jacobs Y.H.A , Brunner H.G. , Ligtenberg M.J.L. , Hoogerbrugge N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMost colorectal cancers show either microsatellite or chromosomal instability. A subset of colorectal cancers, especially those diagnosed at young age, is known to show neither of these forms of genetic instability and thus might have a distinct pathogenesis. Colorectal cancers diagnosed at young age are suggestive for hereditary predisposition. We investigate whether such early‐onset microsatellite and chromosomally stable colorectal cancers are a hallmark of a genetic susceptibility syndrome. The ploidy status of microsatellite stable (familial) colorectal cancers of patients diagnosed before age 50 (n = 127) was analyzed in relation to the histopathological characteristics and family history. As a control the ploidy status of sporadic colorectal cancer, with normal staining of mismatch repair proteins, diagnosed at the age of 69 years or above (n = 70) was determined. A diploid DNA content was used as a marker for chromosomal stability. Within the group of patients with (familial) early onset microsatellite stable colorectal cancer the chromosomally stable tumors did not differ from chromosomally unstable tumors with respect to mean age at diagnosis, fulfillment of Amsterdam criteria or pathological characteristics. Segregation analysis did not reveal any family with microsatellite and chromosomally stable colorectal cancer in 2 relatives. The prevalence of microsatellite and chromosomally stable colorectal cancer was not significantly different for the early and late onset group (28 and 21%, respectively). We find no evidence that early‐onset microsatellite and chromosomally stable colorectal cancer is a hallmark of a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High serum levels of YKL‐40 in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck are associated with short survival
Authors: Roslind Anne , Johansen Julia S. , Christensen Ib J. , Kiss Katalin , Balslev Eva , Nielsen Dorte L. , Bentzen Jens , Price Paul A. , Andersen Elo 
Published: October 2007

AbstractYKL‐40 is a glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and malignant tumor cells. Elevated serum levels of YKL‐40 are associated with poor prognosis in several malignancies. In this study, we examined the prognostic value of serum YKL‐40 before treatment and during follow‐up in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). YKL‐40 was determined by ELISA retrospectively in serum from 173 patients with primary HNSCC before treatment and up to 2 years after treatment. Median follow‐up time was 7.9 years. YKL‐40 protein expression in tumor biopsies was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 50 patients. Pretreatment serum YKL‐40 was elevated in 53%. Patients with high serum YKL‐40 had shorter survival than patients with normal serum YKL‐40 (33 vs. 84 months; p = 0.008). Multivariate Cox analysis including pretreatment serum YKL‐40, age, sex, primary tumor site, TNM classification and treatment demonstrated that TNM classification (HR = 2.61, p = 0.02) and serum YKL‐40 (log‐transformed continuous variable: HR = 1.55, p < 0.0001) were independent prognostic variables of overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that TNM classification (HR = 5.77, p = 0.001) and serum YKL‐40 (dichotomous variable: HR = 2.75, p = 0.01) were independent predictors of recurrence‐free survival. During follow‐up after radiotherapy, a high serum YKL‐40 (log‐transformed continuous variable) in patients with TNM Stage III and IV disease predicted poorer OS within 6 months (HR = 1.95, p < 0.0001). Immunohistochemical analysis showed YKL‐40 expression in the malignant tumor cells. In conclusion, serum YKL‐40 was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic biomarker of recurrence‐free and overall survival in patients with HNSCC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Significance of the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigen, HLA‐DR and ‐DQ, with recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Jo Young Suk , Lee Jun Chul , Li Shengjin , Choi Yun‐Sun , Bai Youn‐Sun , Kim Yun‐Jeung , Lee Ihn‐Suk , Rha So Young , Ro Heung‐kyu , Kim Jin‐Man , Shong Minho 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNormal thyroid epithelial cells lack major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II antigen. Oncogenic kinases involved in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) trigger the expression of Class II transactivator and MHC Class II complex. However, the relationship between MHC Class II antigen expression and clinical outcome in PTC is unknown. To investigate the frequency of MHC Class II antigen expression in PTC and to identify the effects of MHC Class II antigen expression on clinical outcomes in PTC patients, the expression of HLA‐DR/‐DQ antigen was analyzed in surgical specimens from 77 PTCs and 44 benign nodules (23 nodular hyperplasias, 21 follicular adenomas). Of the 77 PTC cases, 36 (46.8%) cases expressed HLA‐DR and 41 (53.2%) cases expressed HLA‐DQ. Next, we investigated clinicopathological characteristics and found that HLA‐DR(+) and/or HLA‐DQ(+) PTC tended to present without nodal metastasis. Multivariate analyses clearly showed that HLA‐DR(+) or HLA‐DQ(+) PTC has a low risk of recurrence (HLA‐DR OR = 0.22, CI, 0.06–0.9; p = 0.03, HLA‐DQ OR = 0.25, CI, 0.07–0.9, p = 0.03). The Kaplan–Meier estimate revealed a significantly lower recurrence‐free probability in patients with HLA‐DR(−) PTC and HLA‐DQ(−) PTC (Log‐rank test; χ2 = 4.59 and 6.07, p = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, PTC frequently expresses MHC Class II antigen, and the expression of MHC Class II antigen correlated inversely with the risk of recurrence of PTC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro characterization of micropatterned PLGA‐PHBV8 blend films as temporary scaffolds for photoreceptor cells
Authors: Tezcaner A. , Hicks D. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn developed countries the aging population faces increasing risks of blinding retinal diseases, for which there are few effective treatments available. Photoreceptor transplantation represents one approach, but generally results have been disappointing. We hypothesize that micropatterned biodegradable poly(L‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid)/poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvaleric acid) (PLGA‐PHBV8) blend films could deliver photoreceptor cells in a more organized manner than bolus injections. Blending of PLGA and PHBV8 was used to optimize the degradation rate of the temporary template. At the end of 8 weeks, for both thin and thick films of PLGA‐PHBV8 a 50% decrease of their initial weight with increasing water uptake was observed. When photoreceptor cells were seeded onto micropatterned PLGA‐PHBV8 films with parallel grooves (21‐ and 42‐μm‐wide grooves and 20 μm ridge width and depth), the cells preferred laminin‐deposited grooves to ridges and expressed rod‐ and cone‐specific markers such as rhodopsin and arrestin. A loss in photoreceptor viability of 50% was observed after 7 days in culture. The effects of either retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)‐derived or Muller glial cell‐derived conditioned media or bFGF on the survival of photoreceptor cells seeded on PLGA‐PHBV8 films were investigated. Addition of either RPE‐ and Muller‐conditioned media increased statistically (p < 0.01) the viability of photoreceptor cells after 7 days of incubation. Our results suggest that such biodegradable micropatterned PLGA‐PHBV8 blend films have a potential to deliver photoreceptor cells to the subretinal space and ensure laminar organization and maintenance of differentiation, and that incorporation of intrinsic factors within the scaffold would enhance the survival rate of transplanted cells. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008
Effects of intermittent hydrostatic pressure on cell adhesive forces and other related parameters under various resting periods
Authors: Kim Young Jick , Park SuA , Lee Yong Jae , Shin Ji Won , Kim Dong‐Hwa , Heo Su‐Jin , Park Ki Dong , Shin Jung‐Woog 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intermittent hydrostatic pressure with various resting periods on the cell adhesive forces and other parameters related to spreading in early stage of cell adhesion. For this, bovine pulmonary arterial endothelium (CPAE, cell line), porcine articular chondrocytes, and human endothelial cells (HECs) were used. The cells were divided into six different experimental groups. Control group was cultured without stimulation, while the constant pressure was applied to group 1 for 2 h. Groups 2–5 were intermittently pressurized for 2 min at a time over a 2‐h period with 5, 10, 15, and 20‐min resting periods, respectively. Each group was then split into two subgroups, depending whether it experienced extra 60 min stabilization period after stimulation. The average adhesive force and the number and area of focal contacts were significantly higher in the group 4 subgroup, which received an extra 60 min of culture than in the other groups. Similarly, other parameters in this subgroup were significantly different from those in the other groups. The focal contact area and adhesive force were closely related (r = 0.990). We concluded that the mechanical stimuli affect cell adhesion and that the length of the resting period influences the adhesive forces generated at the early stages of adhesion. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Comparative study of silicone‐hydrogel contact lenses surfaces before and after wear using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Lira M. , Santos L. , Azeredo J. , Yebra‐Pimentel E. , Oliveira M. Elisabete C. D. Real 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPurpose: The aim of this study was to analyze surface changes of three silicone‐hydrogel contact lenses after daily wear. The lenses used in this study were balafilcon A, lotrafilcon B (both surface‐treated), and galyfilcon A (non surface‐treated). Methods: To understand how and where proteins, lipids, and other contaminants change contact lenses, surface roughness was assessed through Atomic Force Microscopy Tapping Mode™. Roughness parameters were Mean Surface roughness (Ra), Mean‐square‐roughness (Rq), and Maximum roughness (Rmax). The surface topography of unworn and worn lenses was also mapped in great detail. Results: Contact lenses roughness parameters exhibited different values before and after wear and the surface appearance also changed. After wear, balafilcon A and galyfilcon A showed a significant increase on surface roughness parameters, being this increase more accentuated to galyfilcon A. In lotrafilcon B materials no significant changes were observed with wear. Conclusions: The present study suggests that surface treatment of silicone‐hydrogel contact lenses can play a role in the prevention of a significant increase in roughness, and contribute to the better clinical tolerance of these lenses. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Vertex suppression in 3‐connected graphs
Authors: Kriesell Matthias 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo suppress a vertex $v$ in a finite graph G means to delete it and add an edge from a to b if a, b are distinct nonadjacent vertices which formed the neighborhood of $v$. Let $G--x$ be the graph obtained from $G-x$ by suppressing vertices of degree at most 2 as long as it is possible; this is proven to be well defined.Our main result states that every 3‐connected graph G has a vertex x such that $G -- x$ is 3‐connected unless G is isomorphic to $K_{3,3}$, $K_2 \times K_3$, or to a wheel $K_{1}*C_{\ell}$ for some $\ell \geq 3$. This leads to a generator theorem for 3‐connected graphs in terms of series parallel extensions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 57: 41–54, 2008
Morphology of the preimaginal stages of the African emperor moth Bunaeopsis licharbas (Maassen and Weyding): Phylogenetically informative characters within the Saturniinae (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Authors: Rougerie Rodolphe , Estradel Yves 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe current classification of African representatives of the family Saturniidae is largely unsatisfactory and needs to be revised following a proper and rigorous phylogenetic analysis. In this regard, the use of characters of preimaginal stages in phylogeny reconstruction was already emphasized in the literature; however, few details are known about the morphology of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of these moths. To fill this gap and to provide a preliminary basis for further phylogenetic studies, the early stages of Bunaeopsis licharbas, a member of the tribe Bunaeini within the Saturniinae, are described. Egg chorionic ultrastructure, chaetotaxy of the larva in every instar, and morphology of the pupa are described and illustrated. A total of 22 previously overlooked characters was found and their potential phylogenetic significance is discussed in the light of a comparative study which includes a large set of representatives of all five tribes in the subfamily. Until further phylogenetic analyses, some characters are considered to be potential synapomorphies supporting, in particular, the monophyly of the tribe Bunaeini, the close relationship between this tribe and part of the Urotini, as well as the existence of an Afrotropical lineage within the Saturniinae uniting the tribes Bunaeini, Urotini, and Micragonini. In a group of moths whose preimaginal instars are among the best known within the Lepidoptera, the unexpected, and relatively high number of potentially informative characters found by the present study stresses the value of minute and exhaustive descriptive studies to make use of morphological characters available for phylogenetic studies. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone modeling response to voluntary exercise in the hindlimb of mice
Authors: Plochocki Jeffrey H. , Rivera Janelyn P. , Zhang Cathleen , Ebba Sahbina A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe functional adaptation of juvenile mammalian limb bone to mechanical loading is necessary to maintain bone strength. Diaphyseal size and shape are modified during growth through the process of bone modeling. Although bone modeling is a well‐documented response to increased mechanical stress on growing diaphyseal bone, the effect of proximodistal location on bone modeling remains unclear. Distal limb elements in cursorial mammals are longer and thinner, most likely to conserve energy during locomotion because they require less energy to move. Therefore, distal elements are hypothesized to experience greater mechanical loading during locomotion and may be expected to exhibit a greater modeling response to exercise. In this study, histomorphometric comparisons are made between femora and tibiae of mice treated with voluntary exercise and a control group (N = 20). We find that femora of exercised mice exhibit both greater bone growth rates and growth areas than do controls (P < 0.05). The femora of exercised mice also have significantly greater cortical area, bending rigidity, and torsional rigidity (P < 0.05), although bending and torsional rigidity are comparable when standardized by bone length. Histomorphometric and cross‐section geometric properties of the tibial midshaft of exercised and control mice did not differ significantly, although tibial length was significantly greater in exercised mice (P < 0.05). Femora of exercised mice were able to adapt to increased mechanical loading through increases in compressive, bending, and torsional rigidity. No such adaptations were found in the tibia. It is unclear if this is a biomechanical adaptation to greater stress in proximal elements or if distal elements are ontogenetically constrained in a tradeoff of bone strength of distal elements for bioenergetic efficiency during locomotion. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus sporogenes) feeding on egg production and quality, yolk cholesterol and humoral immune response of White Leghorn layer breeders
Authors: Panda Arun K , Rama Rao Savaram S , Raju Manteta VLN , Sharma Sita S 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus sporogenes) feeding on egg production and quality, yolk cholesterol and humoral immune response of White Leghorn (WL) layer breeders was studied. WL layer breeders (24 weeks) were randomly distributed into three groups of 28 each and were housed in individual California type cages. Considering one bird (individual feeding) as a replicate, 28 such replicates were randomly allotted to one of the three dietary treatments: basal (control) or basal with probiotic supplementation at a rate of 100 or 150 mg kg−1 feed. The probiotic used in the study was a commercial preparation containing L. sporogenes with 6000 million spores g−1 of the product. Dietary supplementation of L. sporogenes at 100 mg (6 × 108 spore) kg−1 diet significantly increased egg production and feed efficiency. However, body weight gain, feed intake, egg weight, specific gravity and Haugh unit was not influenced by probiotic feeding. The eggshell breaking strength, shell weight and shell thickness increased significantly by feeding 100 mg probiotic kg−1 diet. The serum concentration of calcium and protein increased, and that of cholesterol decreased by L. sporogenes supplementation. The yolk cholesterol followed the same trend of serum cholesterol. Feeding of L. sporogenes significantly enhanced antibody production. No difference in antibody production could, however, noticed between the levels (100 or 150 mg) of probiotic. It is concluded that feeding of L. sporogenes at 100 mg (6 × 108 spore) kg−1 diet significantly enhanced the egg production, shell quality and humoral immune response of WL layer breeders during 25–40 weeks of age. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Clinical results of various reconstructions employed after total gastrectomy
Authors: El Halabi Hatem M. , Lawrence Walter 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMethods of restoring continuity after total gastrectomy, particularly those creating a “reservoir,” have led to many publications over the last 20 years. These publications are herein reviewed in an attempt to answer questions regarding the clinical value of a jejunal “reservoir”. The conclusion we reached from this review was that such a reconstruction does reduce unpleasant symptoms, aids weight maintenance, and is a valuable operative approach. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:186–192. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1,1‐bis(3′‐indolyl)‐1‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)methane activates Nur77‐independent proapoptotic responses in colon cancer cells
Authors: Cho Sung Dae , Lei Ping , Abdelrahim Maen , Yoon Kyungsil , Liu Shengxi , Guo Jingjing , Papineni Sabitha , Chintharlapalli Sudhakar , Safe Stephen 
Published: October 2007

Abstract1,1‐Bis(3′‐indolyl)‐1‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)methane (DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3) is a methylene‐substituted diindolylmethane (C‐DIM) analog that activates the orphan receptor nerve growth factor‐induced‐Bα (NGFI‐Bα, Nur77). RNA interference studies with small inhibitory RNA for Nur77 demonstrate that DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 induces Nur77‐dependent and ‐independent apoptosis, and this study has focused on delineating the Nur77‐independent proapoptotic pathways induced by the C‐DIM analog. DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 induced caspase‐dependent apoptosis in RKO colon cancer cells through decreased mitochondrial membrane potential which is accompanied by increased mitochondrial bax/bcl‐2 ratios and release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 also induced phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase‐dependent activation of early growth response gene‐1 which, in turn, induced expression of the proapoptotic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐activated gene‐1 (NAG1) in RKO and SW480 colon cancer cells. Moreover, DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 also induced NAG‐1 expression in colon tumors in athymic nude mice bearing RKO cells as xenografts. DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 also activated the extrinsic apoptosis pathway through increased phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinase which, in turn, activated C/EBP homologous transcription factor (CHOP) and death receptor 5 (DR5). Thus, the effectiveness of DIM‐C‐pPhOCH3 as a tumor growth inhibitor is through activation of Nur77‐dependent and ‐independent pathways. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metastasis‐associated gene expression profile of liver and subcutaneous lesions derived from mouse pheochromocytoma cells
Authors: Ohta Shoichiro , Lai Edwin W. , Morris John C. , Pang Alan L.Y. , Watanabe Morihiro , Yazawa Hiroshi , Zhang Richard , Green Jeffery E. , Chan Wai‐Yee , Sirajuddin Paul , Taniguchi Shun'ichiro , Powers James F. , Tischler Arthur S. , Pacak Karel 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe development of metastatic cancer is associated with overexpression or downregulation of specific genes and cell regulatory pathways. Some of these genes and pathways may be involved in invasion and dissemination of tumor cells, while others may promote seeding, survival or growth of cells at specific distant sites. In this investigation, gene expression profiles of nonmetastasizing tumors generated by injecting mouse pheochromocytoma cells (MPCs) subcutaneously were compared to those of liver tumors generated by injecting the cells intravenously. Both were compared to the cultured parental cell line. Tumors in the liver have a route of spread, anatomical distribution, and growth environment similar to naturally metastasizing pheochromocytomas, while intravenous injection of cells bypasses the initial steps of metastasis occurring spontaneously from a primary tumor. Eight genes were upregulated in liver tumors, 15 in subcutaneous tumors and seven in both compared to the cultured cells. Using quantitative real‐time PCR, expression of five genes (Metap2, Reck, S100a4, Timp2, and Timp3) was verified as significantly lower in liver tumors than in subcutaneous tumors. Downregulation of these genes has been previously been associated with malignancy of pheochromocytomas. These findings indicate that different microenvironments can differentially affect the expression of metastasis‐related genes in pheochromocytomas, and that overexpression or underexpression of these genes need not be present when the tumor cells are initially disseminated. The hepatic localization of tumors formed by intravenously injected MPC cells and the tumors' gene expression profile resembling that of naturally occurring pheochromocytoma metastases support the use of this model to study pheochromocytoma metastasis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quaternion‐based rigid body rotation integration algorithms for use in particle methods
Authors: Johnson Scott M. , Williams John R. , Cook Benjamin K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe resolution of translational motion in discrete element method and molecular dynamics applications is a straightforward task; however, resolving rotational motion is less obvious. Many applications update rotation using an explicit integration involving products of matrices, which has well‐known drawbacks. Although rigid body rotation has received attention in large‐angle rotation applications, relatively little attention has been dedicated to the unique requirements of particle methods using explicit time‐stepping algorithms. This paper reviews existing explicit
algorithms and shows the benefits of using a quaternion‐based re‐parameterization of both the central difference algorithm and the approach of Munjiza et al. (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2003; 56:36–55). The improvement not only provides guaranteed orthonormality of the resulting rotation but also allows the assumption of small‐angle rotation to be relaxed and the use of a more accurate Taylor expansion instead. The current and quaternion‐based algorithms are compared for accuracy and computational efficiency. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.