bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development of the Uae Legal System and Unification With the Judicial System*
Authors: Butti Sultan Butti Ali Al-Muhairi  
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe process of modernising the Emirates' legal systems which started in the early 1960s essentially involved replacing the traditional system of law and justice (which was effectively governed by the Shari'a), with laws and institutions of Western inspiration. In addition, alongside the traditional Shari'a courts (which applied Shari'a law and were presided over by Shari'a-trained judges), the
The Making of Robert Boyle' s fRee Enquiry Into the Vulgarly Receiv'd nOtion of Nature (1686)
Authors: Davis Edward B. , Hunter Michael 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study throws new light on the composition of Boyle's Free Enquiry into the Vulgarly Receiv'd Notion of Nature (1686); it also draws more general conclusions about Boyle's methods as an author and his links with his context. Its basis is a careful study of the extant manuscript drafts for the work, and their relationship with the published editions. Section 2 describes Boyle's characteristic method of composition from the late 1650s onwards, involving the dictation of discrete sections of text to amanuenses; it also assesses the effect this had on the structure and presentation of Boyle's writings. Section 3 considers the published text section by section and indicates which parts were written when; it also surveys unpublished draft material relating to the work. Section 4 places the work in context, considering the intellectual threats that Boyle sought to confront in it, both when he initially composed it in the 1660s and when he rewrote it c. 1680. It thus anchors him more precisely than hitherto in the intellectual debates of his day.
The Astronomers' Game: Astrology and University Culture in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
Authors: Moyer Ann 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe formal study of both astronomy and astrology in later medieval Europe was firmly based in the universities. Instruction in astrology is attested by the presence of an educational board game, known as the ludus astronomorum, in several university-related miscellanies of fifteenth-century English provenance. William Fulke also published an edition of the game a century later (Ouranomachia, London, 1571), which is attested in a number of Elizabethan libraries. The game serves to rehearse for its players the celestial motions and astrological principles described by Ptolemy. It also employs principles of stellar rays described by al-Kindi in his De radiis stellarum.
Paradigmaveranderinge in die Bybelwetenskappe 'n Bydrae tot die gesprek tussen die Bybelwetenskappe en Sistematiese Teologie
Authors: Spangenberg I.J.J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe impetus of this article is the response of the New Testament scholar Pieter Botha to a book entitled Bondgenoot en beeld (1991) written by the Systematic theologian Adrio König. König's reaction to Botha's discussion and critique published in one of the issues of Theologia Evangelica (1993) reveals a lack of comprehension of the issues at stake. Botha's main critique is that König does not take the Enlightenment seriously. This article commences with a short historical overview of three main paradigm switches in Biblical Studies: the Reformation, the historical-critical approach and the paradigm switch that came along with the birth of modern literary criticism. It then attempts to identify the paradigms within which Botha and König work and in the last instance discusses the main reason why they are at loggerheads. The conclusion drawn is that only theologians who work within the same paradigm can communicate meaningfully.
New Testament scholarship on the threshold of the third millennium
Authors: Kourie C.E.T. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractNew Testament scholarship today must needs be seen in the context of methodological plurality. Whether this fact is viewed with suspicion or with delight, there is no turning back - on the threshold of the twenty-first century we are faced with a plethora of hermeneutical methods offering insight into scripture. Our task is to see which new paradigms will best enable us to interpret the New Testament in a world vastly different from that of early Christianity. This article suggests that an 'interreligious' approach to understanding and teaching scripture be seriously considered.
Kritiese realisme, die Bybel, die gereformeerde belydenisskrifte en die Christelike geloof
Authors: Spannenberg I.J.J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA number of overviews on the Biblical Sciences in South Africa have recently appeared. This article pays special attention to the one written by F E Deist (1994) Ervaring, rede en metode in Skrifuitleg: 'n Wetenskapshistoriese ondersoek na Skrifuitleg in die Ned Geref Kerk 1840-1990. Deist identifies two epistemological traditions in the Dutch Reformed Church (Nederduits Gereformeerde Kerk): naive realism and critical realism, and indicates the 'ebb and flow' of these traditions in the history of the Biblical Sciences. Since the seventies critical realism has experienced a high tide. The article discusses the effects that this high tide has for the relationship between the Biblical Sciences and Dogmatics, the Biblical Sciences and the Reformed confessions of faith, and the Biblical Sciences and the Christian religion.
Are all the commentaries on Matthew really necessary?
Authors: Engelbrecht J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this article three new commentaries on Matthew are discussed, namely Blomberg (1992), Hagner (1993), and Luck (1993). Different sections from the three commentaries are compared: first the Introduction, and then the commentary on two pericopes, namely Matthew 1:18-23 and Matthew 8:23-27. From the comparison a few conclusions are drawn and the necessity of the abundance of Matthean commentaries since the previous decade is questioned.
The art of characterisation in the Lukan narrative: Jesus, the disciples and the populace
Authors: Okorie A.M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe art of characterisation in a narrative is elucidated. Characterisation is the technique by which an author fashions a convincing portrait of a person within a unified piece of writing. The relationship between characterisation and descriptive techniques such as showing and telling, verbal and non-verbal action, flat and round characters, as well as its function in the unfolding of the plot is shown. Characterisation, furthermore, proceeds by way of repetition or redundancy. The process of characterisation is finally illustrated by means of Luke's characterisation of Jesus, the disciples and the populace.
'Op soek na die ontwykende waarheid' : enkele aspekte van die funksionering van godsdiens in Patrick White se Riders in the chariot
Authors: Jacobs M.M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn the light of the current emphasis on interdisciplinary research as well as the religious nature of the New Testament documents it becomes not only possible but also meaningful for a New Testament scholar to pay some attention to modern religious works of literature. This article looks at the way in which the religious quest is dealt with in Patrick White's 'Riders in the chariot'.
The Mediterranean concepts of honour and shame as seen in the depiction of the biblical women
Authors: Rabichev Renata 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe lives of women in biblical society are often vague- the codes according to which they live are unclear. Cultural anthropology offers the potential to shed light on the everyday existence of biblical women. This article aims to demonstrate how modern Mediterranean cultural concepts of shame and honour can lend insight into the behaviour of the Old Testament women: what they strove for and what they wished to avoid.
The characterisation of Christian missionaries in the early novels of Ngug wa Thiong'o
Authors: Hale F. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAlthough the early works of the eminent Kenyan novelist and dramatist Ngug wa Thiong'o have received a great amount of international critical attention since the 1960s, little has been written about his portrayal of missionaries. The present article is intended as a step towards filling that lacuna in the literary and missionary history of East Africa. The evolution of Ngug's depiction of the proliferation of Christianity in Kenya is analysed against the evolving backdrop of his political radicalisation.
Challenges facing religious education and research in Africa: the Ghana case1
Authors: Joshua Narteh Kudadjie Rev 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis paper gives a sketch of religious education in Ghanaian schools from colonial and missionary times to the present. It makes some comments on the current Government policy, and advocates that religious and moral education should be given at all levels of the educational ladder. Difficulties facing religious education and the relative marginalistion of the subject are discussed, and some suggestions made to overcome them. The importance and relevance of religion in society is reiterated.
Onesimus A case study of slave conversion in early Christianity
Authors: Taylor N.H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractScholarly interest in Onesimus has tended to focus on the history behind the letter to Philemon, the nature of Paul's request to Philemon, and the degree to which Philemon acceded to it. This study seeks to address these and other questions against the background of slavery and the religious practices of domestic slaves in the world of early Christianity. The case af Onesimus can illuminate the place of slaves in the early Church, and thereby broaden our understanding of religious conversion in early Christianity. The historical reconstruction offered here is that Onesimus sought the mediation of Paul in his dispute with Philemon. Paul seeks Onesimus's restoration to Philemon's household, and to the Christian community which gathered there. In leaving Philemon's house Onesimus had abandoned also the Christian church to which he had previously belonged, and Paul sought his reinstatement to both household and church. The study concludes with an application of Snow and Machelek's typology of the religious convert to Onesimus, as reflected in Paul's ideology as given expression in Philemon.
Critique of Canaan Banana's call to rewrite the Bible
Authors: Reed S.A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCanaan Banana is an African liberation theologian who was prominently involved in Zimbabwe's liberation struggle. He has written an article 'The Case for a New Bible' in which he argues that the Christian Bible should be rewritten so that it can be relevant for people in postcolonial societies. Banana is concerned that there are oppressive texts in the Bible that continue to be used by people to legitimise the oppression of others. He argues that these texts should be removed. Banana is also concerned that the Bible contains revelation which relates to only one people and that religious experiences of other peoples ought to be added to the Bible. Banana has raised important concerns about the Bible which must be addressed by scholars if the Bible is to be relevant in an appropriate way for postcolonial times. Banana boldly makes a proposal to rewrite the Bible to make it relevant and authoritative. Banana has highlighted some important problems that need new and creative solutions. The present article will discuss the problems related to the Bible as seen by Banana, discuss the solutions which Banana proposes for the problems and then critique his proposals. Insights from biblical studies related to hermeneutics, biblical theology and canon formation will be used to propose other solutions to these problems.
Evangelical Spirituality: a South African Perspective
Authors: Kretzschmar Louise 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article begins by providing definitions of spirituality and evangelicalism. It then introduces the multifaceted reality of South African evangelicalism. This is necessary because of the historical complexity of the origins of evangelicalism in South Africa and because of the variety of people, churches and missionary societies which propagated an evangelical approach. It explains the differences between evangelicals and ecumenicals and goes on to distinguish between conservative, moderate and radical evangelicalism It outlines the background to the establishment of the Evangelical Alliance of South Africa (TEASA) and argues that radical evangelicalism, because of its understanding of conversion, salvation and mission, and the actions that issue from these convictions, can make a significant contribution of the transformation of church and society in South Africa today.
Transformative Orientations Among South African Youth
Authors: Van Der Ven Johannes A. , Pieterse Hendrikj C. , Dreyer Jaco S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this article we ask the question of to what extent a group of 538 Grade 11 students from Anglican and Catholic church-affiliated schools in the Johannesburg/Pretoria region show transformative orientations in the fields of ecology, economics and politics, and which population characteristics mark the more transformative students among them. The frame of reference is taken from Habermas's colonisation theory and the critical comment on it from the so-called culturalisation perspective. The students appear to be transformatively oriented in the ecological and economic domain, whereas their attitude towards politics is more or less ambivalent. The question of where the more transformatively oriented students may be found, what their characteristic are, and whether religion plays any role in that will be developed in the next article.
Jesus in the World of Religions a Preliminary Plotting of a Route Map
Authors: Van Den Heever Gerhard 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn a comparative study the issue is raised about the relationship between the construction of the saviour-image in Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism and Hinduism. The historical links between these traditions are highlighted and then the article proceeds to argue that when compared, the projections of the images of Jesus and Buddha, Jesus and Zoroaster and Jesus and Krishna exhibit a high degree of similarity. In the process questions are asked about the nature of religion and the value of comparative study.
Living Between the Lines: Reading Amos 9:11-15 in Post-War Guatemala1
Authors: Carroll R M. Daniel 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article attempts to relate a literary reading from the book of Amos to the post-war situation of Guatemala. It begins by describing the precarious context of that Central American country and then presents the theoretical contributions of Nussbaum and Brueggemann to a relevant literary reading of the prophetic text. This article suggests that situating a reading in the seam between 9:10 and 9:11 can offer an opportunity to look back at the past violence as well as forward to the hope of a different tomorrow.
'Lost Tribes1 of Israel' in Africa? Some Observations On Judaising Movements in Africa, With Specific Reference To the Lemba in Southern Africa2
Authors: Le Roux Magdel 
Published: April 2008

AbstractJudaism' is often adapted by groups who embrace it, then these groups are not accepted by Judaism proper. It is embraced for identity and identification (such as by the Falashas of Ethiopia). This embrace was encouraged mainly by European comparativists, often missionaries, who imposed a Jewish identity on indigenous peoples (for example the Zulu, the 'Hottentots', and the Dutch Boers), by religious shifts caused by ideological change, or simply because of a fascination with Judaism. That the Lemba have Jewish' traditions which correspond both in rite and tradition is noteworthy; there may even be genetic links with specific groups in Israel. Lemba Jewishness' resembles a syncretising pluralism, a Jewishness which they embraced to ward off the risk of losing their unique character through cultural diffusion. Lemba identity is accepted by some Jews. Final establishment of such an identity, however, remains elusive. A qualitative study of Lemba Jewish (or rather Israelite) identity underlies this article. Similarities between the ancient Israelites and African tribes should not be neglected. This phenomenon may contain an indispensable key for interpretation.
Interreligious Orientations Among South African Youth
Authors: Van Der Ven Johannes A. , Pieterse Hendrik J.C. , Dreyer Jaco S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this article we investigate the interreligious orientations of a sample of 538 students from Standard 9 (Grade 11) who attended Anglican and Catholic schools in the Johannesburg/Pretoria region during 1995. In the first part of the article we describe the religious diversity of South Africa. This religious diversity was neglected in the past, but due to the establishment of the first democratically elected parliament and the adoption of a new constitution, we have entered a new situation in South Africa. Despite these changes, we still face the challenge to realise the democratic vision. Against this background, we direct our attention to two questions: What are the interreligious orientations of the South African youth, and how do they evaluate these interreligious orientations? Based on theological models of the meeting between religions we conceptualised four interreligious orientations: exclusivistic, inclusivistic, relativistic and dialogic. The relativistic orientation receives empirical support, but these students do not distinguish between exclusivistic and inclusivistic interreligious orientations. An unexpected finding is the distinction between subjective and objective dialogic orientations. These students are negative towards an absolutistic (exclusivistic and inclusivistic) orientation, and favour a relativistic interreligious orientation.
Truth and Reconciliation: Irreconcilable Differences? an Ethical Evaluation of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: Maclean Iain S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis article is a theologico-ethical evaluation of the five-volume Report, published in October 1998, of the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission. It comprises two major parts, the first a summary of the principles and political decisions that led to the formation of the commission and focusing primarily on the first volume, which deals with the TRC's mandate, method, structure and methodology, and on the fifth, which deals with the broader ethical, philosophical and religious principles which underlay that mandate. The second part is a theological and ethical evaluation which draws on the experiences of other such commissions, contemporary South African theologians and ethicists. The Truth and Reconciliation Commission is found to have begun the process of bringing truth and reconciliation together, a process that requires, in addition, constructive action by the state, civil society, particularly churches (and other religions) and individuals, as the bearers of a moral order.
Telling Sacred Stories Eersterust and the Forced Removals of the 1960S
Authors: Landman Christina 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) has introduced a process in South Africa in which healing became possible through storytelling. The Research Institute for Theology and Religion (University of South Africa) has taken up the challenge of extending this process to people who, for a variety of reasons, did not have the chance to tell their stories to this commission. This introduces a new era in oral history research in South Africa in which healing, that is discontinuity, and not truth or the establishment of a continuous tradition, is the aim of research on and through storytelling. Also, the present government, by withdrawing from moral legislation, now allows for religious communities to assist civil society in the formation of a social ethos. Consequently, the aim of oral history research for the RITR has shifted from establishing the liberational and interventionary moment in storytelling to that of focusing on its religious, healing and moral subtext. This article deals exclusively with the stories of coloured people in Eersterust, a town just outside Pretoria, which focus on the forced removals of the 1960s.
Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis in the caryophyllidean cestode Wenyonia virilis Woodland, 1923, with re-assessment of flagellar rotation in Glaridacris catostomi Cooper, 1920
Authors: Miquel Jordi , Świderski Zdzisław , Mackiewicz John , Ibraheem Mohammed 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe ultrastructure of spermiogenesis in Wenyonia virilis Woodland, 1923, a caryophyllaeid cestode from the silurid Nile fish Synodontis schall (Bloch et Schneider, 1801), is described by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the first time. Spermiogenesis follows the characteristic caryophyllidean type and is initiated by the formation of a differentiation zone. This area, delimited at its base by a ring of arching membranes and bordered by cortical microtubules, contains two centrioles associated with typical striated rootlets with a reduced intercentriolar body between them. The apical area of the differentiation zone exhibits electron-dense material that is present only during the early stages of spermiogenesis. Only one of the centrioles develops into a free flagellum that grows at an angle of >90° in relation to the cytoplasmic extension. Spermiogenesis is also characterized by a flagellar rotation and a proximodistal fusion of the flagellum with the cytoplasmic extension. The most interesting features observed in W virilis are the presence of a reduced, very narrow intercentriolar body and the unique type of flagellar rotation >90°. Results are compared with those described in two caryophyllideans, Glaridacris catostomi Cooper, 1920 and Khawia armeniaca (Cholodkovski, 1915). Contrary to the original report of Świderski and Mackiewicz (2002), that flagellar rotation has never been observed in spermiogenesis of G. catostomi, re-assessment of their description and illustrations leads us to conclude that flagellar rotation must logically occur in that species. The value of various morphological features of sperm in phylogenetic inference is discussed.
Electrosynthesis of ferrates with diamond anodes
Authors: Sáez Cristina , Rodrigo Manuel A. , Cañizares Pablo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis work is focused on the electrosynthesis of ferrates with boron‐doped diamond (BDD) anodes. These compounds are oxo‐anions of Fe(V) and Fe(VI) with a very high oxidant potential over a wide range of pHs, and with a great variety of industrial and environmental applications. It has been observed that the use of BDD electrodes can improve the results obtained by steel electrodes in the synthesis of ferrates. However, the results seem to be limited by the availability of oxidizable iron species in the reagent solution. The production yield is revealed to be strongly dependent on the iron raw material, hydroxyl anions concentration, temperature, and current density. The use of iron‐powder bed as iron‐raw material increases the availability of oxidizable‐iron species and therefore allows improving the efficiency of the electrosynthesis with BDD. Likewise, current densities over 1000 A m−2 and temperatures around 25°C guaranty high current efficiencies and ferrates concentrations. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008