bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative three-dimensional lung volumetry: a novel method for prediction of respiratory complications in patients undergoing major liver resection for colorectal metastases
Authors: Elmaagacli Suzan , Thiele Christoph , Meister Franziska , Menné Philipp , Truhn Daniel , Damink Steven W. M. Olde , Bickenbach Johannes , Neumann Ulf , Lang Sven Arke , Vondran Florian , Amygdalos Iakovos 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Patients undergoing major liver resection often suffer from significant perioperative morbidity. This study examines the ability of lung volumetry, based on preoperative computerized tomography (CT), to predict postoperative pulmonary complications after major liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Patients undergoing major liver resection for CRLM between 2010–2021 with suitable chest CT, were included. Preoperative total lung volume (TLV) was measured using 3D-Slicer version 4.11.20210226 (http://www.slicer.org). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) analyses were used to define a cut-off, for prediction of postoperative respiratory complications. Differences between groups were examined with Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Risk factors for the development of respiratory complications were identified through logistic regression. Of 123 patients included, 35 (29%) developed respiratory complications. A good predictive ability of TLV was shown (AUC 0.62, p = 0.036), with an ideal cut-off value of 4500cm3. Patients with TLV < 4500cm3 suffered from significantly higher rates of respiratory complications (44% vs. 21%, p = 0.007), and TLV < 4500cm3 was an independent risk factor (odds ratio 3.777, 95% confidence intervals 1.488–9.588, p = 0.005). Preoperative TLV is a viable predictor of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing major liver resection for CRLM. More studies in larger cohorts are necessary to further evaluate this technique.
Harmonizing perspectives: an integrative approach to monitoring metazoan diversity in a Mediterranean coastal area through morphology and organismal eDNA
Authors: Capua Iole Di , Luise Fabiana , Zampicinini Gianpaolo , Roncalli Vittoria , Carotenuto Ylenia , Piredda Roberta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The use of metabarcoding has greatly improved the assessment of marine metazoans. However, it is still uncertain whether metabarcoding analyses (eDNA) accurately captures the diversity in the field.
This study aims to use an integrated approach merging α-taxonomy and organismal eDNA analysis of two genetic markers (COI and 18S), to observe for the first time the metazoan community inhabiting in a submarine Canyon and compare it with already well-known at a Long-Term Ecological Research.
Our research has emphasized the importance of harmonizing perspectives involved in assessing the planktonic metazoan community. This includes developing a consistent sampling strategy, obtaining high-quality DNA, ad hoc bioinformatic pipelines, interpreting results accurately, and finally microscopy-based identification to confirm molecular inference. All of these steps are crucial for monitoring metazoan diversity and distribution patterns. We have observed over 200 metazoan taxa and identified 174 species using COI, 107 using V9, and 84 using morphology-based methods. Our coverage is comprehensive and includes both holo- and mero-zooplanktonic organisms, with a wide taxonomic range that even includes fish.
This study has revealed a extraordinary biodiversity of these Mediterranean Sea sites, highlighting both known and previously unidentified species (new entries and non-indigenous) and providing a holistic view of the pelagic realm.
Carbonate Weathering Enhances Nitrogen Assimilatory Uptake in River Networks
Authors: Liu Yi , Qi Hongkai , Wang Haoran , Kuang Xingxing , Jiao Jiu Jimmy , Gan Jianping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Geological processes such as carbonate and silicate weathering can alter the riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration and subsequently modify the carbonate chemistry. However, their effects on aquatic nitrogen cycles are usually overlooked. Here we present field measurements of 84 rivers with more than 210 sites across Pearl River Basin (PRB), China in both dry and wet seasons, and the results show that dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) follows the variation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and solar radiation in the carbonated-dominated region during the wet season, while not the case in the non-carbonate-dominated region. We conduct in-situ incubations and show that organic nitrogen production is strengthened in the high DIC region in the wet season with higher temperatures and solar radiation. DON zonation in the dry season is not obvious due to low temperatures that limit nitrogen assimilation. We identify this fertilization effect of carbonate weathering on organic nitrogen formation and find it is not unique in PRB but a global phenomenon. The abundant DIC induced by carbonate weathering eliminates the DIC limitation that can exist in silicate rock regions and boosts the nutrient uptake potential by 16% to 31% for global river networks under excess nutrient availability.
Proposal for an expeditious seismic vulnerability evaluation of the Italian medieval defensive walls
Authors: Cima Valentina , Grande Ernesto , Lirer Stefania 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Medieval defensive walls are a distinctive feature of Italian cultural heritage. These structures testify the origins of historical centres and, in some cases, the consequences of the events occurred over time. The typical configuration of medieval defensive walls, generally characterized by high slenderness ratios, out-of-plumb, the absence od deep and adequate foundations, made these elements particularly vulnerable toward seismic actions. This study focused on the assessment of the seismic safety of Italian medieval defensive walls toward out-of-plane failure mechanisms induced by seismic actions. To this end, a simple approach based on the use of generalized dimensionless capacity curves is presented. These curves, derived by the Authors from a calibration process involving a set of selected real cases, allows for a rapid preliminary seismic assessment of masonry walls particularly useful for getting an initial idea of the condition of the walls with respect to seismic actions also considering the presence of pre-existing out-of-plumb configurations. The proposed approach has been applied in the paper to the real case study of medieval walls of Cittadella, a town in northern Italy, considering the pre-existing out-of-plumb configuration. The obtained results have shown the vulnerability of these walls in case of occurrence of masonry disaggregation and, consequently, the importance of performing specific surveys finalized to investigate this phenomenon. The application of the proposed approach has clearly shown its feasibility and usefulness for the seismic evaluation. Moreover, the comparison with the corresponding results obtained by using the actual capacity curves, rather than the generalized ones, has underlined its good level of reliability.
Construction of artificial metalloenzymes by protein refolding
Authors: Ou Guangnan , He Biyan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Hemin was packed into the inside of bovine serum albumin by protein refolding. The as-prepared artificial hemeprotein was characterized by UV-vis, CD, and MALDI-TOF-MS, which exhibited peroxidase-like activities with an optical pH at pH 7.0 and an optical temperature at 65°C. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vm) with guaiacol for the as-prepared hemeprotein was calculated to be 0.131 mM and 0.166 mM/s, which was significantly lower compared with the value of 39.7 mM and 44.4 mM/s of native horseradish peroxidase. The artificial hemeprotein had much more affinity to the guaiacol than HRP, and had lower guaiacol oxidation efficiency than HRP.
SARS-CoV-2 infection increases thrombus load in coronary arteries of patients with AMI: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Qun , Yang Jun , Ding Jianping , Du Liping , Liao Zhixiong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:There is a lack of national and international literature on the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on thrombosis or increased risk of thrombosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the thrombus load within the coronary arteries of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection combined with AMI and to provide data support for the clinical management of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) combined with AMI.
Methods:A total of 174 patients with AMI in the cardiovascular internal medicine department of Zhangjiajie People's Hospital and Sangzhi People's Hospital of Sangzhi County were collected from 01 December 2022 to 01 June 2023, and were divided into two groups according to whether or not they were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Among them, 90 cases were in the COVID-19 group, and 84 cases were in the non-COVID-19 group. And the clinical data such as gender, age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, criminal vascularity, and thrombus load grading were retrospectively analyzed for these two groups of patients.
Results:It was found that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, age, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and infarcted offender vessel. Of the 90 patients in the COVID-19 group, 64 formed thrombi, of which the culprit vessels were the right coronary (RCA) 37 (57.8%), left anterior descending artery (LAD) 23 (35.9%), and the left main coronary artery/left circumflex artery (LM/LCX) 4 (6.3%). In the non-COVID-19 group, 49 of 84 patients formed thrombi, of which 28 (57.1%) were right coronary, 11 (22.4%) anterior descending, and 10 (20.4%) left main/revolving branches.
Conclusion:In conclusion, COVID-19 infection combined with AMI leads to an increased risk of thrombosis and a tendency to be in a state of high thrombotic load. And interestingly, RCA is more prone to thrombus formation than LAD, LCX and LM.
Capsule coffee-inspired customizable production of nucleic acid medicine using a rapid on-site microfluidic assembly (ROMA) technology
Authors: Xu Jiang , Zheng Zhouyi , Wang Qiuhe , Dai Zhiqi , Yuan Ru-Yue , Yu Zhibin , Gong Yue , Hou Fujun , Zhang Wen , Jiang Yue , Jia William 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The emergence of nucleic acid medicine (NAM) has profoundly addressed global infectious disease challenges1 and revolutionized cancer therapy2 and gene-editing3. However, current NAM, such as mRNA vaccine, remains distant from customizable supply and is fraught with hurdles of thermo-instability and infrastructure dependence. Drawing inspiration from the efficiency of capsule coffee machines, we introduce a Rapid On-site Microfluidic Assembly (ROMA) prototype capable of generating ready-to-inject mRNA vaccines at a throughput of 180 doses/hour (∼100 µg mRNA/dose). Analogous to the varied flavors of capsule coffee, our ROMA prototype offers personalized options for mRNA vaccines, including lipid nanoparticle (LNP) sizes, compositions, mRNA types, and dosages tailored to individual needs. Diverging from traditional mechanism of directly assembling mRNA and lipids into mRNA-LNPs, ROMA technology utilizes mRNA and pre-made empty LNPs to form mRNA-LNPs. Nevertheless, ROMA mRNA vaccine exhibits equivalent physiochemical parameters and in-vivo expressions compared to conventional ones, with a benefit of lower toxicity. Crucially, ROMA mRNA vaccine, immediately deployable without the need for storage, fundamentally avoids the thermal instability and degradation risks associated with conventional mRNA vaccines. This transformative ROMA technology offers unparalleled user-end convenience, unlocking the potential for personalized mRNA vaccines and treatments, thereby significantly expanding the scope of NAM therapeutics.
Epidemiology of tinea capitis among school-children in Dschang, Western Cameroon
Authors: Agokeng Dongmo Armel Joseph , Dabou Solange , Kabtani Jihane , Agokeng Kemnang Brice Donald , Diongue Khadim , Njateng Guy Sedar Singor , Ranque Stephane 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Data on the epidemiology of tinea capitis (TC), an infection of the scalp by dermatophytes, are scarce in Cameroon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TC among school-children in the Dschang Subdivision, Western Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was carried out in June 2021 in Dschang including pupils aged 5 to 13. First, a standardized questionnaire was administered to participant for the collection of sociodemographic data. Then, samples were collected and cultured onto Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol-Gentamicin Agar. The etiological agents were identified based on their morphological features and with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. A total of 1070 children were clinically examined and 108 (10.1%) children presented with TC lesions. The mean age of the 1070 participants was 8.3 ± 2.6 years (ranges: 5-13 years); 772 (72.2%) were males. The use of borehole water (OR=0.01, 95%CI[0.001-0.03]), spring water (OR=0.2, 95%CI[0.08-0.50]), rainwater (OR=0.004, 95%CI[0.001-0.016]), and hairdressing salons visits (OR=0.413, 95%CI[ 0.196-0.872]) were associated with a decreased TC risk in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. In contrast, sharing bed with siblings (OR=4.48, 95%CI[2.095-9.60]) was associated with an increased TC risk in children. Among the 32 dermatophytes isolated in culture, Microsporum audouinii was the most frequent (43.8%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (25.0%) and T. soudanense(25.0%). Microsporum canis and T. violaceum were both rarely isolated. Further studies are warranted to assess the association of TC with domestic water usage that has been highlighted in this study.
The Clinical and Genetic Features of ETV6/RUNX1-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Pediatric: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: He Yun-yan , pang guanxiu , Li Chi Kong , Li Xin-yu , Yang Li-hua , Huang Lulu , Mai Hui-rong , Wan Wu-qing , Zhang Xiao-li , Liu li-ting , Ye Zhong-lv , Liao Liuhua , Long Xing-jiang , Chen Qi-wen , Huang Ke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The clinical-genetic characteristics of ETV6-RUNX1-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is still unclear in pediatrics. Therefore, we conducted Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) and Whole Transcriptome Sequencing (WTS) on 2171 B-lineage ALL cases and identified 49 (2.3%) ETV6-RUNX1-like and 406 (18.7%) ETV6-RUNX1 cases. We found that: i) ETV6-RUNX1-like patients were characterized by ETV6 abnormalities and enrich for PAX5, KRAS, CDKN2A/2B, CRLF2, IKZF1, PTTN11, NRAS, FLT3. ii) Genes affecting of transcription factor regulation, RAS signal pathway, cell cycle regulation, JAK/STAT signal pathway and epigenetic modification were significantly frequent in ETV6-RUNX1-like ALL. iii) Four hub genes, ETV6, CDKN2A, ABL1 and MYC, were identified among ETV6-RUNX1-like ALL. The clinical characteristics highlighted that: i) ETV6-RUNX1-like patients had higher minimal residual disease (MRD) persistence at day 15 (D15 MRD) than ETV6-RUNX1 patients (P = 0.023). ii) 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of ETV6-RUNX1-like patients were both significantly worse than ETV6-RUNX1 patients (65.8 ± 15.4% vs. 95.7 ± 1.0%, P < 0.001 and 91.3 ± 4.2% vs 98.2 ± 0.7%, P = 0.006). iii) ETV6-RUNX1-like positive was the risk factor for EFS (HR 3.25 (95% CI, 1.23–8.61); P = 0.018). Therefore, it is important to discern ETV6-RUNX1-like patients early and opt for more intensive chemotherapy for these patients.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome in Pregnant Women Undergoing Induction of Labor at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Jaiswal Shweta , Kyejo Willbroad , Kilewo Charles 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Labor induction is a common obstetric intervention aimed at initiating or augmenting labor when spontaneous onset is delayed or deemed necessary for maternal or fetal well-being. Despite its widespread use, the practice's impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. This study aims to evaluate the maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with labor induction in a tertiary hospital setting in Tanzania.
Methodology:
A descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a seven-month period from January 2021 to July 2021 at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 120 pregnant women who underwent labor induction during this period were included in the analysis. Data on maternal demographics, obstetric characteristics, indications for induction, methods of induction, labor outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records and analyzed descriptively.
Results:
Among 4773 deliveries during the study period, 120 women underwent labor induction, accounting for 2.5% of all deliveries. The most common indications for induction were postdate pregnancy (50%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (31.7%), and premature rupture of membranes (17.5%). The majority of induced women (61.7%) delivered vaginally, with 38.3% undergoing cesarean section. Maternal complications were minimal, with the most common being failed induction of labor (14.2%). Neonatal outcomes were generally positive, with 96.7% of neonates having Apgar scores of 7 or higher at five minutes, although 8.3% required admission to the neonatal ward for further care.
Conclusion:
Labor induction at Muhimbili National Hospital demonstrated favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes, with low rates of maternal complications and positive neonatal Apgar scores. Postdate pregnancy emerged as the most common indication for induction. While the study highlights the benefits of labor induction, its retrospective nature and single-center setting limit the generalizability of findings. Prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and inform evidence-based obstetric practices.
CML in the Very Elderly: The Impact of Comorbidities and TKI Selection in a Real-life Multicenter Study
Authors: Rozental Alon , Halperin Erez , Leibovitch Chiya , Barzili Meirav , Koren-Michowitz Maya , Duek Adrian , Rozovski Uri , Extermann Martine , Raanani Pia , Shacham-Abulafia Adi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have greatly improved chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatments, with survival rates close to the general population. Yet, for the very elderly, robust data remains limited. This study focused on assessing comorbidities, treatment approaches, responses, and survival for elderly CML patients. Our study was conducted on 123 elderly (≥ 75 years) CML patients across four centers in Israel and Moffitt Cancer Center, USA. The median age at diagnosis was 79.1 years, with 44.7% being octogenarians. Comorbidities were very common; cardiovascular risk factors (60%), cardiovascular diseases (42%), with a median age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aaCCI) of 5. Imatinib was the leading first-line therapy (69%), while the use of second-generation TKIs increased post-2010. Most patients achieved a major molecular response (MMR, 75%), and more than half achieved a deep molecular response (DMR, 57%). Over half (53.6%) of patients moved to second-line, and nearly a quarter (23.5%) to third-line treatments, primarily due to intolerance. Overall survival (OS) was notably longer in patients with an aaCCI score below 5, for those receiving second-generation TKIs as initial therapy, and in patients who attained DMR. Contrary to expectations, the Israeli cohort showed a shorter actual life expectancy than projected, suggesting a larger impact of CML on elderly survival. In summary, imatinib remains the main initial treatment, but second-generation TKIs are on the rise among elderly CML patients. Outcomes in elderly CML patients depend on comorbidities, TKI type, response, and age, underscoring the need for personalized therapy and additional research on TKI effectiveness and safety.
Mechanistic insights into C(sp2)-H activation in 1-Phenyl-4-vinyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives: a theoretical study with palladium acetate catalyst
Authors: Fogos Wagner F. , Lessa Milena D. , Silva Fernando Carvalho da , Carneiro José Walkimar M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
The activation of C-H bonds is a fundamental process in synthetic organic chemistry, which enables their replacement by highly reactive functional groups. Coordination compounds serve as effective catalysts for this purpose, as they facilitate chemical transformations by interacting with C-H bonds. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of activation of this type of bond lays the foundation for the development of efficient protocols for cross-coupling reactions. We explored the activation of C(sp2)-H bonds in 1-Phenyl-4-vinyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives with CH3, OCH3 and NO2 substituents in the para position of the phenyl ring, using palladium acetate as catalyst. The studied reaction is the first step for subsequent conjugation of the triazoles with naphthoquinones in a Heck-type reaction to create a C-C bond. The basic nitrogen atoms of the 1,2,3-triazole coordinate preferentially with the cationic palladium center to form an activated species. A concerted proton transfer from the terminal vinyl carbon to one of the acetate ligands with low activation energy is the main step for the C(sp2)-H activation. This study offers significant mechanistic insights for enhancing the effectiveness of C(sp2)-H activation protocols in organic synthesis.
Methods
All calculations were performed using the Gaussian 09 software package and density functional theory (DFT). The structures of all reaction path components were fully optimized using the CAM-B3LYP functional with the Def2-SVP basis set. The optimized geometries were analyzed by computing the second-order Hessian matrix to confirm whether the corresponding structure is a minimum or a true transition state. To account for solvent effects, the Polarizable Continuum Model of the Integral Equation Formalism (IEFPCM) with water as the solvent was used.