bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of mutation landscapes of pretreatment versus recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: The possible mechanism of resistance to standard treatment
Authors: Payungwong Tongchai , Angkulkrerkkrai Krittaya , Chaiboonchoe Amphun , Lausoontornsiri Wirote , Jirawatnotai Siwanon , Chindavijak Somjin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundA high recurrent rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major concern in head and neck cancer treatment. The study of the genetic mutation landscape in recurrent OSCC may provide information on certain mutations associated with the pathobiology and treatment response of the OSCC.AimWe investigated the mutation landscape of matched pretreatment and recurrent tumors to understand the influence of genetic mutations on the pathobiology and clinical outcomes in OSCC.Methods and ResultsWe sequenced 33 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) recurrent tumors, primary tumors, and primary tumors before recurrence that matched the recurrent tumors collected from Rajavithi Hospital during 2019–2021. We identified recurrent mutations from these samples by the Oncomine Ion Torrent‐based next‐generation sequencing on the 517 cancer‐associated gene panel. From the results, we found that the most commonly mutated gene in the cohort is a histone methyltransferase KMT2D (54.55%), implicating that aberrance in epigenetic regulation may play a role in oral cancer tumorigenesis. Functional protein association network analysis of the gene frequently mutated in the recurrent tumors showed enrichment of genes that regulate the cancer cell cycle, that is, MRE11A, CDKN2A, and CYLD. This finding was confirmed in the primary‐recurring matched pair. We found that recurrent tumors possess a small but recurring group of genes, with presumably the subclonal mutations driving the recurrence of the tumor, suggesting that the recurrent disease originated from a small fraction of the cancer cell that survives standard treatment. These genes were absent in the primary tumor with a good response to the standard treatment. On the other hand, we found an enrichment of DNA repair genes, namely ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD50, and MUTYH, in nonrecurrent tumors suggesting that the mutations in the DNA repair pathway may at least partially explain the different response to the standard treatment.ConclusionsOur pilot study identified pathways of carcinogenesis in oral cancer and specific gene sets that indicate treatment responses and prognoses in this group of patients.
Every finite graph arises as the singular set of a compact 3‐D calibrated area minimizing surface
Authors: Liu Zhenhua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGiven any (not necessarily connected) combinatorial finite graph and any compact smooth 6‐manifold with the third Betti number , we construct a calibrated 3‐dimensional homologically area minimizing surface on equipped in a smooth metric , so that the singular set of the surface is precisely an embedding of this finite graph. Moreover, the calibration form near the singular set is a smoothly twisted special Lagrangian form. The constructions are based on some unpublished ideas of Professor Camillo De Lellis and Professor Robert Bryant.
Sampling business process event logs with guarantees
Authors: Su Xuan , Liu Cong , Zhang Shuaipeng , Zeng Qingtian 
Published: March 2024

SummaryEvent log sampling has emerged as a key research focus in the field of process mining, aiming to enhance the efficiency of various process mining tasks, including model discovery, conformance checking, and process prediction. However, current log sampling techniques often fail to ensure high‐quality sample logs. This paper introduces a novel framework to support efficient event log sampling without compromising the quality of the sample log compared to the original one. The approach revolves around the consideration of directly‐follows relation (DFR) among business tasks as the fundamental behavior unit of an event log. By ensuring the DFR equivalence between the original and sample logs, the proposed technique addresses the challenge of sample log quality from the model discovery point of view. The framework is instantiated by seven distinct sampling strategies each has its own specialty and is fully implemented in the open‐source process mining tool platform ProM. To validate its effectiveness, we conducted a comprehensive experimental evaluation using 12 publicly available real‐life event logs against state‐of‐the‐art sampling techniques. The results clearly demonstrate that our technique significantly improves model discovery efficiency while upholding high quality of the discovered models.
Metabolite markers for three synthetic tryptamines N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine, 4‐hydroxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine, and 5‐methoxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine
Authors: Bergh Marianne Skov‐Skov , Bogen Inger Lise , Grafinger Katharina Elisabeth , Huestis Marilyn A. , Øiestad Åse Marit Leere 
Published: March 2024

AbstractN‐Ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine (EPT), 4‐hydroxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine (4‐OH‐EPT), and 5‐methoxy‐N‐ethyl‐N‐propyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐EPT) are new psychoactive substances classified as tryptamines, sold online. Many tryptamines metabolize rapidly, and identifying the appropriate metabolites to reveal intake is essential. While the metabolism of 4‐OH‐EPT and 5‐MeO‐EPT are not previously described, EPT is known to form metabolites by indole ring hydroxylation among others. Based on general knowledge of metabolic patterns, 5‐MeO‐EPT is also expected to form ring hydroxylated EPT (5‐OH‐EPT). In the present study, the aim was to characterize the major metabolites of EPT, 4‐OH‐EPT, and 5‐MeO‐EPT, to provide markers for substance identification in forensic casework. The tryptamines were incubated with pooled human liver microsomes at 37°C for up to 4 h. The generated metabolites were separated and detected by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry analysis. The major in vitro EPT metabolites were formed by hydroxylation, N‐dealkylation, and carbonylation. In comparison, 4‐OH‐EPT metabolism was dominated by double bond formation, N‐dealkylation, hydroxylation, and carbonylation in vitro and hydroxylation or carbonylation combined with double bond loss, carbonylation, N‐dealkylation, and hydroxylation in vivo. 5‐MeO‐EPT was metabolized by O‐demethylation, hydroxylation, and N‐dealkylation in vitro. The usefulness of the characterized metabolites in forensic casework was demonstrated by identification of unique metabolites for 4‐OH‐EPT in a human postmortem blood sample with suspected EPT or 4‐OH‐EPT intoxication.
Adoption by olive baboons (Papio anubis) of newly constructed electricity pylons as sleeping sites in Laikipia, Kenya
Authors: Lenguya Laiyon , Ewaton Lolimo , Pilfold Nicholas W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOlive baboons (Papio anubis) use fixed, secure, and naturally occurring sleeping sites such as tall trees and rocky cliffs, as protection from predators and often show a selection preference for particular trees or rocky cliff faces. We documented olive baboons' adoption of recently constructed high‐tension electrical transmission towers (pylons) as a novel type of sleeping site in Laikipia, Kenya. The use of pylons suggests that the greatest potential benefits may include reduced parasite exposure and predation avoidance. Thermoregulation and feeding efficiency are not supported as benefits because pylons increase baboons' exposure to wind and cool nighttime temperatures and the pylons were constructed in locations independent of established feeding sites. These observations advance our understanding of olive baboon sleeping site selection in a changing landscape.
Comparison of improvement in learning and memory ability of walnut oil extracted by aqueous enzymatic extraction and cold pressing extraction
Authors: Qian Junqing , Li Qian , Mo Luyan , Zhao Xiaohua , Tong Jun , Zhao Changyan , Guo Hui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRich in unsaturated fatty acids, walnut oil provides a number of physiological benefits, including a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease and a delay in the aging process. In this work, walnut oil was prepared using the aqueous enzyme process and cold pressing method, and it was then analyzed using HPLC and FTIR. The characterization results show that the walnut oil extracted by the aqueous enzyme method outperformed the pressing oil in content of LLL by 11.64%, LLLn by 9.16% and OLL by 4.08%. But this oil had significantly less OLnLn (‐) than the pressing oil (7.90%). The Morris water maze and shuttle box tests of ICR mice revealed a notable improvement in the memory of the animals administered walnut oil. Among them, mice fed the walnut oil extracted by aqueous enzyme method showed a much shorter escape latency and a significantly higher rate of active avoidance reaction (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) than mice fed cold pressing method. With the prolongation of time, the mice even performed better than the positive control PIR group in all aspects. In summary, the quality of walnut oil extracted by aqueous enzyme method is better than that by cold pressing method.Practical Applications: Walnut oil prepared by aqueous enzymatic extraction can improve learning ability, is healthy and pollution‐free, and can be utilized as a dietary supplement in ordinary life.
Evaluation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities on microplastic‐associated biofilms in marine and freshwater environments
Authors: Reisoglu Şuheda , Cati Ceren , Yurtsever Meral , Aydin Sevcan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) are major concern due to their potential harm to ecosystems and most research has focused on their presence and fate, with limited attention to their biodegradation in aquatic ecosystems. Nevertheless, MPs act as hotspots for the colonization by a diverse range of microorganisms that can adhere to plastic surfaces, resulting in the subsequent formation of biofilms—a potential threat especially in terms of pathogenicity. This study employed 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA sequencing metagenomic analyses to investigate microbial communities within biofilms on plastic materials exposed to long‐term marine and freshwater environments. Three Arcobacter species (Arcobacter nitrofigilis, Arcobacter acticola, and Arcobacter suis) emerged as dominant species in M_MP sample, while Flavobacterium tructae was the predominant species within the F_MP sample. The 18S rRNA sequencing revealed the presence of the fungal phylum Ascomycota and the microalgal species Pseudocharaciopsis ovalis in F_MP. Although, the primary species detected on M_MP and F_MP samples include bacteria previously implicated as pathogen, the predominant species identified in this study were unconnected to MP‐associated biofilms or MP degradation. Their presence constitutes a novel discovery, opening promising avenues for the exploration of their potential involvement in the biodegradation of MPs within aquatic environments.
Study on the effect of alkali on the production of volatile fatty acids from rhamnolipid‐alkali‐thermal pretreated waste activated sludge
Authors: Chuanchuan Dou , Yuling Liu , Shuaishuai Li , Yang Jia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article systematically explores the strengthening effect of NaOH dosage on the fermentation acid production of Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) by the rhamnolipids‐alkali‐thermal combined pretreatment. Analyzed the dissolution characteristics of organic matter in sludge, changes in total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) content and components, and microbial community structure. Research has shown that increasing the amount of NaOH can promote the dissolution of sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and cell lysis. When NaOH dose was 60 mg/g VS, the dissolution of SCOD was the largest, reaching 5427.78 mg/L. It provides high‐quality substrate for anaerobic flora through the decomposition of refractory humus‐like substances and macromolecular substances, thus improving the production of VFAs. When NaOH dose was 80 mg/g VS, the maximum VFAs yield was 1663.76 mg C/L, and the fermentation type was butyric acid. The increase of NaOH dose promotes the effective enrichment of bacteria, and the dominant bacteria are Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroides at the gate level, with different abundance. The fermentation time plays a decisive role in the evolution of microbial population, and the increase of NaOH dose promotes the enrichment of acid‐producing bacteria, thus improving the production of VFAs.
DMUST360: Distortion‐aware multicast‐unicast superposed transmission for multiuser 360‐degree video
Authors: Ma Yunxiao , Wu Zhonghui , Yang Shujie , Zhuang Yirong , Xiao Han 
Published: March 2024

Abstract360‐degree video has gained popularity since it is associated with immersive user experience of virtual reality content. However, providing high‐quality 360‐degree video for a large number of users is difficult, especially in limited bandwidth conditions. Nonorthogonal multiple access technology‐enabled multicast offers a possible solution, but it also introduces some challenges, including in terms of satisfying users' individual requirements, ensuring video quality and so forth. In order to address these issues, we introduce a novel distortion‐aware multicast‐unicast superposed transmission scheme for multiuser 360‐degree video, which combines the advantages of multicast, unicast, and nonorthogonal multiple access technologies with consideration of the field of view of multiple users. To improve video quality, a distortion minimization problem is formulated. Based on matching theory, we proposed a multicast‐unicast coalition game algorithm to solve the problem efficiently. A series of trace‐driven simulations are carried out, which have shown the effectiveness of the proposed solution in terms of video quality and throughput.
DAC‐MD: A privacy preserving drone‐access control scheme for last mile delivery
Authors: Irshad Azeem , Farooq Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid , Mallah Ghulam Ali , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe service delivery has lately witnessed strides in the form of paradigm shifts from conventional logistics to drone‐oriented supply chain to conserve ecosystem. The use of drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for package deliveries offer enhanced accessibility, flexibility, efficiency, speed, safety, and even few environmental gains. However, the drones can come across various security hazards while communicating with ground installations on open channels including physical capture attack, privacy infringement, and so on. Thus, earnest endeavors are needed to fix those security challenges in applications related to drone communications. To address these problems, an efficient authenticated key agreement technique, drone access control scheme for last mile delivery (DAC‐MD) is suggested for user‐drone interactions in IoD environment that help the participating entities in developing a mutually agreed session key for securing subsequent communication interactions. The proposed scheme is proved using automated ProVerif tool as well as analyzed by using formal analysis based on RoR random oracle model. The comparative analysis against recently presented known studies reveals that our scheme not only carries comparable properties in terms of security and privacy, but also low computational and communication costs.
Potential of utilizing almond hull extract for filamentous fungi production by submerged cultivation
Authors: Cao Lin , Barzee Tyler J. , El Mashad Hamed M. , Pan Zhongli , Zhang Ruihong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlmond hulls can be used as an inexpensive source of nutrients for producing fungi that can be used as nontraditional foods such as alternative protein, probiotics, and food ingredients. Nutrients were extracted from almond hulls using hot water and their utility in cultivating filamentous fungus Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) in submerged cultivation was investigated using batch fermentation in flasks with passive aeration. The almond hulls extract supplied all the nutrients required for A. awamori growth. The uptake preference of various sugars was investigated and the growth kinetic parameters of A. awamori were determined. Utilization of sugars by A. awamori grown in almond hull extract proceeded sequentially with preference for glucose followed by sucrose, fructose, and then xylose. Compared to potato dextrose broth medium, the fungal biomass produced using almond hull extract as growth medium had higher protein (19.59%) and lower fat (1.50%) contents. The modified Gompertz model described the kinetics of A. awamori well with a lag phase of 0.18 days and a specific growth rate of 1.77 d−1.
Lactating mothers' perceptions and sensory acceptability of a provitamin A carotenoid–iron‐rich composite dish prepared from iron‐biofortified common bean and orange‐fleshed sweet potato in rural western Uganda
Authors: Buzigi Edward , Pillay Kirthee , Siwela Muthulisi , Mkhwanazi Blessing , Ngidi Mjabuliseni , Ssozi Joshua , Mahinda Babra Muhindo , Isingoma Evyline Barugahara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUganda's lactating mothers are vulnerable to deficiencies of vitamin A and iron because they consume plant‐based conventional foods such as white‐fleshed sweet potato (WFSP) and non‐iron biofortified common bean (NIBCB) that are low in provitamin A (PVA) and iron, respectively. A PVA carotenoid–iron‐rich dish was prepared from a combination of orange‐fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) and iron‐biofortified common bean (IBCB). This study evaluated the perceptions and sensory acceptability of OFSP+IBCB (test food) against WFSP+NIBCB (control food) among lactating mothers in rural Uganda. A total of 94 lactating mothers participated in the study. The sensory attributes (taste, color, aroma, texture, and general acceptability) of test and control foods were rated using a five‐point facial hedonic scale (1 = dislike very much, 2 = dislike, 3 = neutral, 4 = like 5 = like very much). An attribute was acceptable if the participant scored from like to like very much. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted to assess participant perceptions about their future consumption of OFSP+IBCB. The chi‐square test was used to detect the proportion difference for each sensory attribute between OFSP+IBCB and WFSP+NIBCB, while FGD data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Taste, color, and aroma were acceptable to the mothers and not significantly different between OFSP+IBCB and WFSP+NIBCB (p > .05). Participants had positive perceptions of the taste, aroma, and color of the OFSP+IBCB and negative perceptions about the soft texture of OFSP. The lactating mothers had positive perceptions of consuming OFSP+IBCB provided they were accessible, affordable, and feasible to prepare.
Enhancing nutritional and functional properties of rice starch by modification with Matcha extract
Authors: Cetin‐Babaoglu Hümeyra , Aydın Hümeyra , Kumas Rumeysa , Arslan‐Tontul Sultan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to increase the functionality of rice starch by modifying matcha tea extract and to determine the effect on some physicochemical properties and starch digestibility. According to the data analyzed, treatment with matcha extract was effective in increasing the nutritional value of native rice starch. At the highest level of extract addition, total phenolic and flavonoid content reached 129.54 mg/100 g and 40.16 mg/100 g, respectively, as no phenolic or flavonoid content was detected in control. In addition, the highest DPPH and FRAP values were determined to be 296.62 μmol TE/100 g and 814.89 mg/100 g, respectively, at the highest extract addition level. Treatment with matcha extract significantly reduced the eGI of native rice starch from to 94.61 to 64.63, while resistant starch was increased from 0.90 to 33.43%. According to the physiochemical analysis, there was a positive correlation between the extract ratio and the water‐holding capacity of rice starch due to the high hydrophilic capacity of the phenolic compounds. In addition, the solubility and swelling power of starch were increased by treatment with matcha extract, but high temperatures had a negative effect on these physicochemical properties.
Clonal origin and genomic diversity in Lynch syndrome‐associated endometrial cancer with multiple synchronous tumors: Identification of the pathogenicity of MLH1 p.L582H
Authors: Takahashi Kotaro , Yachida Nozomi , Tamura Ryo , Adachi Sosuke , Kondo Shuhei , Abé Tatsuya , Umezu Hajime , Nyuzuki Hiromi , Okuda Shujiro , Nakaoka Hirofumi , Yoshihara Kosuke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLynch syndrome‐associated endometrial cancer patients often present multiple synchronous tumors and this assessment can affect treatment strategies. We present a case of a 27‐year‐old woman with tumors in the uterine corpus, cervix, and ovaries who was diagnosed with endometrial cancer and exhibited cervical invasion and ovarian metastasis. Her family history suggested Lynch syndrome, and genetic testing identified a variant of uncertain significance, MLH1 p.L582H. We conducted immunohistochemical staining, microsatellite instability analysis, and Sanger sequencing for Lynch syndrome‐associated cancers in three generations of the family and identified consistent MLH1 loss. Whole‐exome sequencing for the corpus, cervical, and ovarian tumors of the proband identified a copy‐neutral loss of heterozygosity (LOH) occurring at the MLH1 position in all tumors. This indicated that the germline variant and the copy‐neutral LOH led to biallelic loss of MLH1 and was the cause of cancer initiation. All tumors shared a portion of somatic mutations with high mutant allele frequencies, suggesting a common clonal origin. There were no mutations shared only between the cervix and ovary samples. The profiles of mutant allele frequencies shared between the corpus and cervix or ovary indicated that two different subclones originating from the corpus independently metastasized to the cervix or ovary. Additionally, all tumors presented unique mutations in endometrial cancer‐associated genes such as ARID1A and PIK3CA. In conclusion, we demonstrated clonal origin and genomic diversity in a Lynch syndrome‐associated endometrial cancer, suggesting the importance of evaluating multiple sites in Lynch syndrome patients with synchronous tumors.
Optimizing presurgical education for patients with head and neck cancer receiving laryngectomy and free flap surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Mikhael Marian , Kansara Bhargav , Basta Ameer , Hume Emma , Nguyen Oliver T. , Reblin Maija , Hong Young‐Rock , Tabriz Amir Alishahi , Patel Krupal , Magnuson Jeffery Scott , Turner Kea 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere has been limited study of oncology professionals' perspectives on optimizing delivery of presurgical education for individuals with head and neck cancer (HNC). Therefore, we assessed oncology professionals' perspectives about presurgical education for laryngectomy and free flap surgeries, which have a significant impact on patients' quality of life.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 27 oncology professionals from an NCI‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Center and a community oncology setting.ResultsParticipants identified six recommendations to improve presurgical education: (1) establishing preoperative consultations with allied health professionals; (2) educating patients and providers on the concept of team‐based care; (3) optimizing education through multimodal strategies; (4) connecting patients with other HNC surgical patients; (5) preparing caregivers for their role; and (6) educating patients on insurance navigation.ConclusionsStudy findings demonstrate gaps in the timing, content, and mode of delivery for presurgical education and suggest strategies for further evaluation in future studies.