bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of steady-state and dynamic Laisk methods to study temperature effects on banana respiration
Authors: Ben-Zeev Bar , Shapira Or , Zait Yotam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Daytime respiration (Rd), a crucial physiological process in plants, presents significant measurement challenges due to the difficulty of isolating it from photosynthetic processes during light conditions. The Laisk method is one of the most common ways to measure Rd, is enhanced by the updated dynamic approach of the Licor-6800, which employs advanced equations for stable measurements under changing environmental conditions. Although promising for reducing uncertainties in Rd and improving measurement efficiency, its effectiveness across diverse plant species and growth conditions remains to be thoroughly tested. We evaluated the efficacy of the steady-state and dynamic Laisk methods on banana plants (Musa acuminata cv. Cavendish) at four different growth temperatures. Our study indicates that the dynamic Laisk method outperforms the steady-state approach in accurately estimating internal CO2 concentration, (Ci*) and Rd, primarily due to its ability to use extensive data for precise curve analysis. This method also reduces stomatal limitations by minimizing exposure to low light, a significant advantage in temperature-sensitive plants like bananas, where stomatal responses can affect measurement accuracy. Our findings highlight the dynamic method's reliability and effectiveness, suggesting its broader application across different plant species and growth conditions to advance our understanding of leaf CO2 fluxes.
Multivariate regression analysis affecting successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in western China: a retrospective study in a high-incidence area
Authors: Zhou Jian , Li Jinlan , Hu Yong , Li Shijun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Guizhou, situated in western China, exhibits a high incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) alongside comparatively challenging medical and economic conditions. Our objective was to investigate the determinants influencing successful PTB treatment and their scope, aiming to provide a scientific foundation for targeted interventions and enhancing treatment efficacy.
Methods
Data encompassing all PTB cases registered in Guizhou's China Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2017 to 2022 were analyzed. Using the successful treatment rate as the dependent variable, initial univariate analysis of independent variables was conducted, followed by multilevel binary logistic regression analysis to assess variables demonstrating statistically significant disparities.
Results
A total of 139,414 patients, with an average age of 44 years, were included in the study, comprising 89,802 males (64.41%) and 49,612 females (35.59%). Among them, 66,316 (47.57%) were etiologically positive, and 22,795 (16.35%) had comorbidities. The successful treatment rate stood at 95.77%, with a cure rate of 42.54%. 9 factors were identified to influence the successful treatment rate. These included a higher proportion of females compared to males (OR = 1.178, 95%CI = 1.111–1.249), a higher ratio of students versus farmers (OR = 1.960, 95%CI = 1.649–2.330), and a greater proportion of etiologically negative cases compared to etiologically positive (OR = 1.831, 95%CI = 1.725–1.942). Additionally, initial treatment showed higher success rates than retreatment (OR = 3.046, 95%CI = 2.836–3.272), and PTB patients without comorbidities fared better than those with comorbidities (OR = 1.303, 95% CI = 1.217–1.394). The use of fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapy yielded higher success rates than non-FDC treatment (OR = 1.296, 95%CI = 1.206–1.393). Furthermore, successful treatment rates were lower among the Miao ethnic group (OR = 0.874, 95%CI = 0.809–0.945) and higher among the Buyi (OR = 1.270, 95%CI = 1.137–1.419) compared to the Han. Age also played a significant role, with lower success rates observed in the 41–60 age group (OR = 0.731, 95%CI = 0.638–0.838) and the lowest rates among those aged 61 years and older (OR = 0.604, 95%CI = 0.527–0.693).
Conclusions
Western China faces ongoing challenges in enhancing its PTB treatment capacity and should prioritize the promotion of FDC therapy. Risk factors that influence treatment outcomes for PTB include male gender, advanced age, belonging to the Miao ethnic group, occupation as a farmer, etiological positivity, retreatment status, and comorbidities such as diabetes and HIV/AIDS. Further investigation is warranted to explore the disparities in successful treatment rates among different ethnicities.
A multi-tissue and -breed catalogue of chromatin conformations and their implications in gene regulation in pigs
Authors: Yin Hongwei , Zhao Qianyi , Yang Liu , Yi Guoqiang , Fang Lingzhao , Bai Lijing , Yao Wenye 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Topologically associating domains (TADs) are functional units that organize chromosomes into 3D structures of interacting chromatin, and play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by constraining enhancer-promoter contacts. Evidence suggests that deletion of TAD boundaries can lead to aberrant expression of neighboring genes. In our study, we analyzed high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) datasets from publicly available sources, integrating 71 datasets across five tissues in six pig breeds.
Results
Our comprehensive analysis revealed 65,843 TADs in pigs, and we found that TAD boundaries are enriched for expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL), splicing Quantitative Trait Loci (sQTL), Loss-of-Function variants (LoFs), and other regulatory variants. Genes within conserved TADs are associated with fundamental biological functions, while those in dynamic TADs may have tissue-specific roles. Specifically, we observed differential expression of the NCOA2 gene within dynamic TADs. This gene is highly expressed in adipose tissue, where it plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism and maintaining energy homeostasis. Additionally, differential expression of the BMPER gene within dynamic TADs is associated with its role in modulating the activities of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)—critical growth factors involved in bone and cartilage development.
Conclusion
Our investigations have shed light on the pivotal roles of TADs in governing gene expression and even influencing traits. Our study has unveiled a holistic interplay between chromatin interactions and gene regulation across various tissues and pig breeds. Furthermore, we anticipate that incorporating markers, such as structural variants (SVs), and phenotypes will enhance our understanding of their intricate interactions.
Transglutaminase 2-Mediated Histone H3Q5 Serotonylation: A Selective Epigenetic Regulator Driving Cell Proliferation and Migration in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liu Yuting , Yu Yu , Li Dan , Sun Yating , Wu Jingxian , Xie Wanhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC), a prevalent digestive malignancy and the second foremost cause of cancer fatalities globally. A recent discovery highlights a novel histone modification: serotonylation at histone H3Q5 (H3Q5ser), catalyzed by transglutaminase 2 (TG2). Although present in specific tissues like the colon, its epigenetic function in CRC remains elusive. Our research reveals increased TG2 and H3Q5ser levels in poorly-differentiated colorectal cancers. Furthermore, TG2 depletion in CRC cell lines hindered both cell growth and migration. We identified FOSL1 as a pivotal mediator within the TG2-regulated network, tightly linked to TG2 expression. Subsequently, TG2 influences the expression of MEK/ERK pathway targets indirectly via FOSL1. Epigenetic investigations shed light on the functional role of TG2-catalyzed H3Q5ser in regulating the transcription of genes implicated in cell proliferation and migration. TG2 extends H3Q5 serotonylation to the gene body and fortifies H3K4me3, thereby releasing RNA polymerase II from its paused state. Thus, our study suggests that TG2-mediated H3Q5ser significantly serves as a selective regulator, promoting the transcription of genes driving cell proliferation and migration by facilitating the release of paused RNA polymerase II, unveiling potential therapeutic targets for CRC.
Characteristics, risk factors and disease course of musculoskeletal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Jansen F. M. , Broeder N. , Hal T. W. , Mahler E. A. M. , Dop W. A. , Hoentjen F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal manifestations occur in half of the patients with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and contribute to a reduced quality of life (QoL) and increased work disability. We aimed to evaluate the natural disease course, characteristics, and risk factors of musculoskeletal manifestations in patients with IBD.
Methods
We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study in patients with IBD with and without musculoskeletal manifestations with a one year follow-up. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients with resolution of musculoskeletal manifestations. Secondary outcomes included: the proportion of patients with IBD that developed new musculoskeletal manifestations during follow-up; the correlation between IBD activity, baseline characteristics, and musculoskeletal disease course; and the difference in QoL between patients with and without musculoskeletal manifestations.
Results
In total, 243 patients with IBD were included (124 with and 119 without musculoskeletal manifestations). In the majority of patients (62.2%), musculoskeletal manifestations were of non-inflammatory nature. Overall, peripheral and axial manifestations were persistent in 85.7% and 44.6% at 1 year, respectively. The QoL at baseline and at 1 year was lower in the group with musculoskeletal manifestations compared to patients without these manifestations. Female gender and age above 40 were associated with the presence of musculoskeletal manifestations.
Conclusion
Musculoskeletal manifestations in patients with IBD are mostly non-inflammatory disorders, persist at 1 year of follow-up and occur more frequently in patients of age above 40 and female gender. Overall, patients with musculoskeletal manifestations have lower QoL compared to patients without musculoskeletal manifestations.
Expanding Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Beyond COVID in Critical Care: Study Protocol for a Hybrid Implementation Trial
Authors: Faulds Eileen , Lee Brooke , Rasul Amanie , Jones Laureen , McNett Molly , Exline Matthew , Shoben Abigail , Lin Chyongchiou , Madan Rushil , Dungan Kathleen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Over the last 2 decades, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to improve glycemic control and patient outcomes in the outpatient setting, yet these technologies are not approved for inpatient use. Both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, which are common in the inpatient setting, are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and hospital costs. Point-of-care (POC) glucose monitoring has been the standard of care in the hospital setting since the late 1980’s, yet POC glucose monitoring implementation remains insufficient with frequent missed testing and missed timing of testing. Capabilities inherent to CGM (e.g., continuous measurement, hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia threshold alarms, predictive hypoglycemia alarms, trend data) hold the promise of improving glycemic control, patient outcomes, and nursing burden in the inpatient setting, yet ongoing research is needed to examine both outcomes and implementation of CGM in the inpatient environment.
Methods
This mixed methods hybrid II effectiveness-implementation study will examine patient outcomes and the feasibility of CGM implementation using a CGM plus (+) POC protocol among 100 patients on IV insulin in a single Midwest academic medical center’s medical intensive care unit (MICU). In this single arm clinical trial, we are pursuing 4 research questions (RQ): RQ 1. Establish the clinical utility, fidelity, and adoption of Dexcom G6 CGM as a tool for making dosing decisions within a CGM + POC protocol among medical intensive care unit (MICU) patients; RQ2. Assess the effects of CGM implementation on nursing workload and factors influencing nursing care delivery through surveys administered to MICU nurses and through a MICU staff nurse focus group (N = 10); RQ3. To assess glycemic control among patients receiving CGM in the CGM enabled MICU compared to historical control patients who received POC glucose monitoring in the MICU; RQ4. (exploratory) To assess hospitalization outcomes and conduct economic evaluation of the costs of delivering CGM implementation in the MICU.
Discussion
This trial that combines elements of effectiveness and implementation research will provide valuable data simultaneously evaluating patient outcomes and feasibility to enable more rapid adoption of CGM as standard of care.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03576989; Registered on 13 June 2018.
Spatial heterogeneity of viral communities across the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants
Authors: Zhang Shizhe , Li Qiushuang , Peng Yongyi , Huo Jiabin , Ran Tao , Zhang Xiumin , Wang Rong , Jiao Jinzhen , Jiang Aoyu , Luo Guowang , Zhang Zhigang , Qiu Qiang , Li Zhipeng , Mao Shengyong , Yu Zhongtang , Tan Zhiliang , Dong Xiyang , Wang Min 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome of ruminants significantly influences their nutrition metabolism and health. Current understanding is extensive for bacterial and archaeal communities, but limited for viral communities within the GIT.
Results: We created the Ruminant Gastrointestinal Virome Catalogue (RGVC), which includes 43,981 non-redundant viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs), with 89.3% newly identified, derived from 370 samples across 10 GIT regions in seven ruminant species. The composition of viral communities is mainly influenced by the GIT regions rather than by the ruminant species. We identified 4,603 putative prokaryotic hosts across 31 bacterial and three archaeal classes for 5,954 viruses, along with significant variations across GIT regions and a strong correlation between hosts and their associated viruses. Lysogeny, constituting 45.6% of survival strategies, was more prevalent than the lytic cycle (4.08%), and the abundances of these viruses varied regionally. The lysogenic viruses encoded 1,805 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) that play key roles in carbohydrates, amino acids, and other metabolisms in their hosts. The variation in AMG abundance across regions highlights the distinct viral communities and the varied virus-host interactions within the GIT.
Conclusion: This study offers a comprehensive view of the spatial heterogeneity of viral communities in the ruminant GIT and indicates that this diversity is driven by the interaction of lysogenic viruses with their prokaryotic hosts through AMGs. These findings set the stage for future research into the ecological and nutritional impacts of the ruminant virome, with the potential to uncover novel roles and mechanisms in various GIT regions.
Prevalence and Risk factors of Stunting and Wasting among Under-Five-Aged Children in North Gondar Zone, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Alula Gebre Ayanaw , Tesema Shegasew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Undernutrition is a leading cause of disease susceptibility, morbidity, and mortality in children. It is manifested in the form of stunting and wasting. Wasting is an acute form of undernutrition that indicates a recent food shortage and/or infectious diseases that lead to rapid and severe weight loss. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children of displaced families in the North Gondar Zone. A cross-sectional study design was conducted from January to March 2022 among the under-five-aged children of the displaced family. A total of 205 randomly selected under-five-aged children from the displaced families were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and the instrument was adopted from a previous study. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the status of stunting and wasting. A bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors associated with stunting and wasting. The prevalence of stunting and wasting among under-five-aged children was 26.2% and 18.7%, respectively. Out of the risk factors considered in the present study, age (AOR = 3.54; 95% CI: 0.2–3.54), family monthly income (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.3–7.5), eating only two meals per day (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.0–6.2), and not eating farm animal products (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.5–1.61) were important risk factors associated with stunting. In the other way, age, family monthly income, and eating only two meals per day were significant predictors of wasting. The result showed that the prevalence is severe in the study area. Therefore, the government should work on children under two years of age, take action to solve the nutritional issues, and encourage families with low monthly incomes to eat animal products at least once a week and nutritious food at least three times a day.
Non-negative solution of a sublinear elliptic problem
Authors: Lopez-Gomez Julian , Rabinowitz Paul H. , Zanolin Fabio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In this paper the existence of solutions, $(\lambda,u)$,of the problem$$\left\lbrace\begin{array}{ll} -\D u=\l u -a(x)|u|^{p-1}u & \quad \hbox{in }\O,\\ u=0 &\quad \hbox{on}\;\;\p\O, \end{array}\right.$$is explored for $0 < p < 1$. When $p>1$, it is known that thereis an unbounded component of such solutions bifurcating from$(\s_1, 0)$, where $\s_1$ is the smallest eigenvalue of $-\D$ in$\O$ under Dirichlet boundary conditions on $\p\O$. Thesesolutions have $u \in P$, the interior of the positive cone. Thecontinuation argument usedwhen $p>1$ to keep $u \in P$fails if $0 < p < 1$. Nevertheless when $0 < p < 1$,we are still able to show that there is a component ofsolutions bifurcating from $(\s_1, \infty)$, unbounded outside ofa neighborhood of $(\s_1, \infty)$, and having $u \gneq 0$. Thisnon-negativity for $u$ cannot be improved as is shown via adetailed analysis of the simplest autonomous one-dimensionalversion of the problem: its set of non-negative solutionspossesses a countable set of components, each of them consistingof positive solutions with a fixed (arbitrary) number of bumps.Finally, the structure of these components is fully described.
Exploring the Influence of DNA Methylation and family factors on OCD and symptoms Severity: Insights into the TPH2 Gene
Authors: Wang Lina , Chen Yu , Hu Shiqi , Yu Tiangui , Liu Zhenhua , Qiao Dongdong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: The etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) remains incompletely understood. Previous studies have implicated the TPH2 gene and several family factors in OCD. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of TPH2 gene methylation and family factors (parenting styles and family functioning) on OCD and its clinical severity.
Method: A total of 88 patients with OCD and 94 healthy controls were enrolled. DNA methylation levels at twelve sites in the promoter region of the TPH2 gene were measured using DNA inflight mass spectrometry system and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The severity of OCD symptoms was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) scales were used to measure parenting styles and family functioning, respectively.
Results: DNA methylation levels of CpG site 5 were negatively correlated, and site 6 was positively associated with the onset of OCD. Further analysis revealed a positive association between DNA methylation level at CpG site 5 and a paternal-favoring parenting style as measured by the EMBU in OCD. Additionally, DNA methylation levels at CpG site 2 were positively correlated with maternal emotional warmth of EMBU but negatively correlated with the general functioning of FAD; they were also negatively correlated with compulsive behavior scores and total scores of Y-BOCS. DNA methylation levels at CpG site 1,3,8 were negatively associated with maternal emotional warmth of EMBU while positively correlated with compulsive behavior scores and total scores of Y-BOCS. Moreover, DNA methylation levels of CpG site 9, 10 and 12 were positively associated with problem-solving, total scores of Y-BOCS, and maternal emotional warmth, respectively. Obsessive thoughts were found to be negatively associated only with paternal emotional warmth of EMBU.
Conclusion: DNA methylation at different CpG sites in the promoter region of the TPH2 gene may play critical roles in the onset and progression of OCD. Parenting styles and family functioning could impact the progression of the disease, and the DNA methylation of the TPH2 gene may mediated the effect of family factors on OCD.
Process development and research on the synthesis of p-fluoronitrobenzene by halogen exchange fluorination
Authors: Jiang Xingzhi , Tian Qiang , Ma Hang , Li Yuye , Wan Banglong , Liang Mengjie , Yang Xiao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

P-fluoronitrobenzene (p-FNB) belongs to the aromatic fluorine containing intermediate, which is the main raw material for the production of biology, medicine, pesticides, and dyes.Over the years, the synthesis methods and technological development of p-fluoronitrobenzene have garnered widespread attention from the industrial and academic sectors, thanks to its high biological activity, low toxicity, outstanding performance, high added value, and low energy consumption. In this study, the halogen exchange fluorination method was employed to synthesize p-fluoronitrobenzene using p-chloronitrobenzene as the starting material. Through the action of phase transfer catalyst, the effects of process parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, type and amount of fluorinating agent, type and amount of catalyst, and solvent type were investigated and optimized. The main factors influencing the conversion rate of p-chloronitrobenzene and the yield of p-fluoronitrobenzene product were examined.Experimental results show that using highly active potassium fluoride as the fluorinating agent, with an equivalent ratio of 1.75 to p-chloronitrobenzene, and using tetramethylammonium chloride as the phase transfer catalyst, with a dosage of 4.5% relative to p-chloronitrobenzene, and using DMF as the solvent, the conversion rate and yield of the fluorination reaction can reach 97.86% and 91.58%, respectively, after a 15-hour reaction at 150°C. Under these process conditions, the fluorination reaction exhibits excellent performance and shows good reproducibility in scale-up experiments.