bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of COVID-19 and Other Vaccination Models for Refugees and Migrants
Authors: Aghajafari Fariba , Guzek Dorota , Kamal Huzaifa , Ness Alyssa , Wall Laurent , McClurg Caitlin , Pooladi-Darvish Arshya , Weightman Amanda M. , Coakley Annalee 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Refugees and migrants face inequities in healthcare and vaccination access. Diverse vaccination programs have been implemented globally to address refugee specific COVID-19 inequities to access, hesitancy and barriers to vaccination. The aim of this scoping review was to review evidence on the models of delivery of COVID-19 and other vaccinations for refugee and migrant populations.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Eleven electronic databases including SCOPUS, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science as well as grey literature were searched with the keywords COVID-19, vaccines/immunizations, refugees, asylum seekers, and immigrants for all studies published between the years 2000 to October 2023. The main outcome was models of delivery of COVID-19 vaccines or other vaccines for refugee or migrant populations. Models of delivery were reviewed and thematically analyzed using the World Health Organization’s 2022 operational guide, Strengthening COVID-19 vaccine demand and uptake in refugees and migrants.
Results: A total of n=11,825 unique studies were identified through database searches. A total of thirty-three (n=33) studies met full-text inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Fifteen studies (n=15) focused on the COVID-19 vaccine, while other studies (n=18) focused on influenza (n=6), HPV (n=2), Hepatitis B (n=2), multiple vaccines (n=5), and polio, cholera, and meningococcal vaccinations (n=3). COVID-19 vaccine models of delivery often utilized innovative social media strategies and relied on frameworks to drive interventions. Furthermore, models of vaccine delivery included multiple components which leveraged community and multi-stakeholder partnerships and co-design strategies, while striving to deliver culturally-sensitive approaches with accessible vaccination services.
Conclusions: Models of vaccine delivery for refugees and migrants are multipronged, utilizing various strategies and extensive community and multisectoral collaborations to address accessibility barriers in alignment with most WHO recommendations for vaccinating refugee and migrant populations. An increasing reliance on innovative social media, co-design, and customization strategies drives interventions. Further collection and use of disaggregated real-time data to inform and evaluate customized strategies for specific migrant groups is recommended.
Hyperconnectivity and connectome gradient dysfunction of cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuitry in Alzheimer’s disease spectrum disorders
Authors: Yao Chenyang , Shan Yi , Cui Bixiao , Chen Zhigeng , Bi Sheng , Wang Tao , Yan Shaozhen , Lu Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Cerebellar functional connectivity changes have been reported in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but a comprehensive framework integrating these findings is lacking. This retrospective study investigates the cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) circuit in AD, using functional gradient analysis to elucidate deficits and potential biomarkers.
Method:246 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (58 AD, 103 mild cognitive impairment [MCI], 85 normal cognitions [CN]) underwent 3T MRI. The CTC circuitry was constructed using T1 weighted imaging and resting-state functional MRI. Voxel-based gradient values were analyzed globally, in subfields, and cerebellar functional networks. Cognitive scores (MMSE, MoCA, ADAS-Cog) were assessed at each ADNI site. Statistical analyses included ANCOVA, post hoc analyses, Pearson correlations, LASSO regression, logistic regression, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. False discovery rate (FDR) corrections were used, setting the statistical significance threshold was set at P < 0.05.
Results: AD and MCI individuals exhibited increased CTC connectivity compared to CN (all P < 0.05). Average CTC connectivity did not correlate with cognitive scores (P > 0.05), but specific CTC edges were correlated. LASSO regression identified 20 discriminative edges, achieving high accuracy in AD-CN classification (AUC = 0.92 training, AUC = 0.80 test). Thalamic and cerebellar gradient distributions differed significantly across groups (all P < 0.05), with specific regions showing distinct gradient scores. Five cerebellar functional networks exhibited decreased gradient scores.
Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence supporting CTC hyperconnectivity as a potential diagnostic biomarker for AD. It suggests the involvement of the thalamus and cerebellum in cognitive impairment in individuals with AD.
Implementing Competency-based Medical Education in Japan Through Information and Communication Technology, Self-management, and Medical Exploration Post-COVID-19: Content Analysis and Nationwide Comparative Studies
Authors: Onodera Misaki , Takahashi Zaiya , Kasai Hajime , Yokoh Hidetaka , Shikino Kiyoshi , Kimura Yasuhiko , Shimizu Ikuo , Yamauchi Kazuyo , Asahina Mayumi , Ito Shoichi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to considerable advances in medical education through technological integration. The crisis generated by the pandemic in medical practice, education, and evolving technology has led to changes in the skills of medical professionals. This study aimed to examine the competencies required of medical students in the post-pandemic era.
Methods
We conducted two studies. Study 1 explored the competencies of medical students necessary after the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted group work with faculty members and students from Chiba University School of Medicine and coded the collected data using content analysis to extract the competencies. In Study 2, we compared the categories classified in Study 1 with the competencies required prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, which were extracted from the websites of 82 medical schools and colleges in Japan, to identify the differences in competencies before and after the pandemic. In Study 1, the competencies ascertained during the workshop were coded into 12 categories and 62 subcategories.
Results
The results of Study 2 showed that the increased occurrence of competencies was related to the utilization of information and communication technology and artificial intelligence, self-management, information gathering and explanation, liberal arts and generic skills, and exploring medicine and medical care/research presentations. The prevalence rates of these factors prior to the COVID-19 outbreak were 17.1%, 28.0%, 39.0%, 41.5%, and 48.8%, respectively.
Conclusions
Competency-based medical education in information and communication technology, self-management, and medical exploration has become increasingly important after the pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an educational curriculum to enable medical students to acquire these competencies. The study findings contribute to the literature on medical education and offer valuable insight into setting effective academic goals and designing suitable curricula for undergraduate medical students in the post-pandemic era.
Economics of First-line Treatment with Tislelizumab in Patients with Nonsquamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Four-state Markov Model
Authors: Wang Lin , Liu Ting , Lin Xihan , Zhang Yu , Shi Luwen , You Ruxu , Liu Jinyu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy has demonstrated significant clinical benefits as a first-line treatment for patients with nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (nsq-NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate its cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.
Methods
A dynamic four-state Markov model was adapted to China’s settings to project health outcomes and costs over a lifetime horizon. Model health states included progression-free survival (PFS), progressive disease state (PDS), terminal progressive disease (TPD) or death. Clinical data for tislelizumab were sourced from a multicenter, open-label, randomized phase III clinical trial conducted at 47 research sites in China. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) served as the primary outcome measure, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) calculated accordingly. We conducted sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the base-case results.
Results
According to the base-case analysis, compared with chemotherapy alone, tislelizumab combination therapy resulted in an incremental cost per patient of $19,594.75 and an incremental outcome of 1.06 QALYs, yielding an ICER of $18,512.47/QALY. This ICER ($18,512.47/QALY) falls below the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of three times the 2023 per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of China ($36,672.23/QALY), suggesting that tislelizumab is an economically favorable choice. One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the base-case results.
Conclusion
Given that the WTP threshold set at three times the 2023 per capita GDP of China, tislelizumab combination therapy can be considered a cost-effective first-line treatment option for patients with NSCLC.
Dipodidae (Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Miocene of Damiao, Nei Mongol, China
Authors: Ma Hai-Dan , Zhang Zhao-Qun , Bi Shun-Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The Damiao deposit in Nei Mongol, China is a crucial locality for Neogene stratigraphy and faunal turnover in Central Asia. In this study, we described thirteen dipodid species, including two new species, Sinozapus damiaoensis sp. nov. and Lophocricetus parvus sp. nov.. Sinozapus damiaoensis sp. nov. is distinguished by the metaloph connecting to the central hypocone on M1-2, the absence of the anterior arm of the protoconid, and the posterior arm of the protoconid merging with the metaconid on m2. Lophocricetus parvus sp. nov. presents a suit of transitional morphological traits between Heterosminthus and Lophocricetus. It is similar to Heterosminthus by its small size, the presence of the mesocone and mesoloph on M1-2, double anteroloph on M2, remnant of the pseudomesolophid, and the posterior crest of the protoconid on m1. Meanwhile, it possesses the characteristics of Lophocricetus, including the protostyle on M1 and the connection of hypoconid-entoconid on m1. These two new species represent the earliest records of their respective genera. These new fossil records further expand the diversity of Neogene dipodids. Additionally, biostratigraphic comparisons with adjacent regions have refined the Neogene stratigraphic framework of the central Nei Mongol. Faunal transitions can be observed from small, low-crowned primitive taxa adapted to the relatively humid environments of the Early Miocene to an increasing ecological diversification by the late Middle Miocene. The emergence of desert-adapted jerboa taxa indicates regional aridification and grassland expansion. However, relict sicistines and zapodines suggest localized persistence of humid refugia during broader drying, which is consistent with previous studies.
Coupling coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation with adsorption on biosorbent (Corncob) for the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solutions
Authors: Rahmoun Hadj Boumedien , Boumediene Maamar , Ghenim Abderahmane Nekkache , Silva Eduardo Ferreira , Labrincha João 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, we assessed the efficacy of coupling coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) with adsorption onto a biosorbent (corncob) for the removal of textile dyes from aqueous solutions. Two synthetic dyes, Bemacron Blue RS 01 (BB-RS01) and Bemacid Marine N-5R (BM-N5R), were selected for examination. Initially, aluminum sulphate (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O) served as the coagulant, followed by the addition of superfloc 8396 as a flocculation polymer. Corncob (CC) acted as the biosorbent material for adsorption. We optimized coagulation parameters, including coagulant and flocculant doses, and assessed pH influence. In the adsorption phase, we investigated adsorbent mass, particle size, pH, temperature, contact time, and initial dye concentration. Analytical techniques such as FTIR, SEM, TGA, BET, and pHpzc were employed to characterize corncob (CC). Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to analyze equilibrium adsorption data, with the Langmuir isotherm yielding the highest correlation (0.94 < R2 < 0.97). Our results demonstrated significant reduction in dye concentration through CFS, achieving elimination rates of 94% at pH 6 for BB-RS01 and 90.3% at pH 4 for BM-N5R. Corncob's adsorption for each dye was notably influenced by solution pH during the adsorption process, with removal rates of 26.19% observed at pH 6 for BB-RS01 and 7.69% for BM-N5R at pH 4. Maximum dye adsorption capacities were 99.01 mg/g for BB-RS01 and 46.08 mg/g for BM-N5R. This study underscores the effectiveness of coupling CFS with corncob adsorption for efficient and economical dye removal, especially with agricultural waste as an adsorbent material.
Personalized Prediction of Survival Rate with Combination of Penalized Cox Models and Machine Learning in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lee Seon Hwa , Cha Jae Myung , Shin Seung Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background The investigation into individual survival rates within the patient population was typically conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model, with geometric black box models not being employed Aims We aims to evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithm in predicting survival rates more than 5 years for individual patients with colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 475 patients with CRC and complete data who had underwent surgery for colorectal cancer were analyze to measure individual's survival rate more than 5 years using a machine learning based on penalized Cox regression. We conducted thorough calculations to measure the individual's survival rate more than 5 years for performance evaluation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the LASSO penalized model, the SCAD penalized model, the unpenalized model, and the RSF model were analyzed. Results The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized model displayed a mean AUC of 0.67 ± 0.06, the smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalized model exhibited a mean AUC of 0.65 ± 0.07, the unpenalized model showed a mean AUC of 0.64 ± 0.09. Notably, the random survival forests model outperformed the others, demonstrating the most favorable performance evaluation with a mean AUC of 0.71 ± 0.05. Conclusions Penalized Cox model is more efficient and leads to a more generalized model selection compared to the unpenalized Cox model as a prognosis prediction model for CRC. The results indicated that the random forest model, a black box model, outperformed the penalized Cox model in terms of performance.
Trends in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer in the Netherlands from 2016 to 2020, a national cancer registry analysis
Authors: Suazo-Zepeda E. , Maas W. J. , Vinke P. C. , Hiltermann T. J.N. , Aarts M. J. , Bock G. H. , Heuvelmans M. A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
This study aims to describe immune checkpoint inhibitors’ (ICIs) prescription trends for Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Netherlands and their association with survival. We compared our results with data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods
We analyzed ICIs prescription trends and their relationship with survival using national-level data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) for first-line treatments from 2016–2020. Additionally, we performed a secondary analysis using data from the Oncological Life Study (OncoLifeS) for any-line treatments. Descriptive statistics and annual percentage change (APC) assessed trends in patient and treatment characteristics. Overall survival analyses were performed.
Results
In the Netherlands (2016–2020) the proportion of first-line ICI-treated NSCLC patients significantly increased from 1.1–54.9% (APC = 14.5%, p = 0.002), replacing chemotherapy monotherapy. Stage III ICI-treated patients' proportion increased (APC = 3.5%, p = 0.034), while the proportion of ICI-treated patients with ≥ 50% PD-L1 expression decreased (APC=-13.82%, p = 0.039). 2-year overall survival (OS) was 25.9%. Median OS increased from 2016 to 2018 (16.6 to 19.4 months) and declined in 2019 and 2020 (17.3 and 16.6 months, respectively). In the secondary analysis, median OS varied by treatment line, being 18.8, 9.4 and 7.5 months for first-, second- and third-line treated patients respectively.
Conclusion
Using real-world data, we determined that ICI-based therapies replaced chemotherapy-only schemes as first-line treatment for NSCLC. Our survival data is comparable with data from RCTs on first-line ICI-treated NSCLC. The decreased survival over time may be attributed to the proportional decrease of individuals with ≥ 50% PD-L1 expression in treatment regimens. Further-line treatments are associated with lower survival.
Unraveling the Help-Seeking Process and Predictors of Mental Health Care Use among Individuals with Depressive Symptoms: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Peter Lina-Jolien , Juergensen Vanessa , Steyrl David , Lor Cindy Sumaly , Bui Anh Phi , McLaren Thomas , Muehlan Holger , Schmidt Silke , Schomerus Georg 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The goal of the study was to identify the most important influences on help-seeking from a wide range of factors. We incorporated findings from research areas of health behaviors, stigma, and motivation.
Methods
A sample of 1368 adults with untreated depressive symptoms participated in an online survey with three- and six-month follow-ups. We conducted multiple linear regressions for (a) help-seeking attitudes, (b) help-seeking intentions, and logistic regression for (c) help-seeking behavior with machine learning.
Results
While self-stigma and treatment experience are important for attitudes, complaint perception is relevant for intention. The best predictor for healthcare use remains the intention. Along the help-seeking process, we detected a shift of relevant factors from broader perceptions of mental illness and help-seeking, to concrete suffering, i.e. subjective symptom perception.
Conclusion
The results suggest a spectrum of influencing factors ranging from personal, self-determined factors to socially normalized factors. We discuss social influences on informal and professional help-seeking. [Clinical trials registration masked for review]
Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register: [masked for review]. Registered 11 December 2020. World Health Organization, Universal Trial Number: [masked for review]. Registered 16 February 2021.
The Correlation between Menopausal Women's Attitude Towards Menopause and Depression in Northeast Iran
Authors: Pirouzeh Razieh , Mahmudimanesh Marzieh , Ghorbani Zeynab , Sadeghi Ahmad , Shoraka Hamid Reza , Pirzadeh Nasim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Menopause is a crucial and inherent biological event in women's lives. Menopausal women are more prone to depression than individuals who are not experiencing menopause. This study aims to establish the correlation between women's attitudes toward menopause and depression in Esfarayen, Northeast Iran.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study included 335 menopausal women referring to health centers and health houses in Esfarayen using multistage sampling. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire, the Knowledge and Attitude Toward Menopause Questionnaire by Noroozi et al., and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with SPSS version 26.
Results: The participants' mean age was 55.81 ± 5.30 years, and 59.7% lived in urban areas. The mean score of attitudes towards menopause in menopausal women was 30.04 ± 4.28, and the mean depression score was 10.03 ± 8.6. There was a significant difference in attitude toward menopause among different levels of education, income satisfaction, residential status, marital status, and living arrangements. According to the results of multiple linear regression analysis, residential status (β = -1.451, p = 0.007), income satisfaction (β = 0.803, p = 0.027), and living arrangements (β = 1.627, p = 0.026) were predictors of attitude toward menopause. There was a significant inverse relationship between participants’ attitudes toward menopause and depression.
Conclusion: This study provides deeper insight into the relationship between attitude toward menopause and depression in menopausal women, which can guide healthcare providers toward offering a valid educational package or protocol to improve the health and quality of life during the menopausal period.
Oral changes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their risk factors: a cohort study
Authors: Pereira Tatiana Bernardo Farias , Potter Gleidston Silva , Lima Beatriz Maria Falcão , Martins Ana Rafaela Luz Aquino , Lopes Maria Luiza Diniz Sousa , Lima Kenio Costa , Silveira Ericka Janine Dantas da 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose to investigate the occurrence, time of onset, and associated factors of oral alterations in hemato-oncologic patients throughout their hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods This longitudinal cohort study involved 30 patients receiving care at a bone marrow transplantation service in a Brazilian hospital. Data about oral physical examination, diagnosis of hematological disorder, transplant type, comorbidities, chemotherapy protocols, and oral risk factors were collected. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the onset time of oral alterations and investigate possible associations with risk factors. The significance level adopted was 5%.Results Most patients were male (57.7%), with a median age of 35 years, 93.3% developed oral alterations, and 53.3% presented local risk factors. Leukemias and multiple myeloma were the most common hematologic disorders (23.3%). FluBuMel was the most frequent conditioning protocol (46.7%). Buccal mucosa edema (83.3%) was the most common oral alteration, followed by oral mucositis (80%; grade 1: 54.2%). The mean follow-up time was 23 days, with the probability of the patient being free of oral alterations decreasing as time progressed. Mel200 protocol (HR 2.89; IC 0.04–1.02; p = 0.020), and autologous transplant (HR 3.41; CI 1.28–9.07; p = 0.004) were associated with an earlier occurrence of oral alterations, while allogenic related transplant was a protective factor (HR 0.48; CI 0.22–1.07; p = 0.040).Conclusion results indicate that the time of onset of oral alterations is affected by transplant type and conditioning protocol and suggest that the severity of the alterations is positively affected by the presence of dentists in the HSCT team.