bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation of pain: Psychophysical evidence for a population coding mechanism in humans
Authors: Adamczyk Wacław M. , Ramu Vishwanath , Jackson Catherine , Schulze Geraldine , Goldschneider Kenneth R. , Kashikar-Zuck Susmita , King Christopher D. , Coghill Robert C. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe spread of pain across body locations remains poorly understood but may provide important insights into the encoding of sensory features of noxious stimuli by populations of neurons. In this psychophysical experiment, we hypothesized that more intense noxious stimuli would lead to spread of pain, but more intense light stimuli would not produce perceptual radiation. Fifty healthy volunteers (27 females, 23 males, ages 14-44) participated in this study wherein noxious stimuli (43, 45, 47 and 49°C) were applied to glabrous (hand) and hairy skin (forearm) skin with 5s and 10s durations. Also, visual stimuli displayed on the target bodily area were utilized as a control. Participants provided pain (and light) spatial extent ratings as well as pain (and light) intensity ratings. In the extent rating procedure, participants adjusted the extent of the square displayed on the screen with the extent of pain (or light) which they experienced. Pain extent ratings showed statistically significant radiation of pain indicated by 12.42× greater spatial spread of pain (pain extent) than the area of the stimulation with 49°C (p<0.001), in contrast to visual ratings which closely approximated the size of the stimulus (1.22×). Pain radiation was more pronounced in hairy than glabrous skin (p<0.05) and was more pronounced with longer stimulus duration (p<0.001). Pain intensity explained only 14% of the pain radiation variability. The relative independence of the pain radiation from pain intensity indicates that distinct components of population coding mechanisms may be involved in the spatial representation of pain versus intensity coding.
HybridExpress: an R/Bioconductor package for comparative transcriptomic analyses of hybrids and their progenitors
Authors: Almeida-Silva Fabricio , Prost-Boxoen Lucas , Van de Peer Yves 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTHybridization, the process of crossing individuals from diverse genetic backgrounds, plays a pivotal role in evolution, biological invasiveness, and crop breeding. At the transcriptional level, hybridization often leads to complex non-additive effects, presenting challenges for understanding its consequences. Although standard transcriptomic analyses exist to compare hybrids to their progenitors, such analyses have not been implemented in a software package, hindering reproducibility. Here, we introduceHybridExpress, an R/Bioconductor package designed to facilitate the analysis, visualization, and comparison of gene expression patterns in hybrid triplets (hybrids and their progenitors).HybridExpressprovides users with a user-friendly and comprehensive workflow that includes all standard comparative analyses steps, including data normalization, calculation of midparent expression values, sample clustering, expression-based gene classification into categories and classes, and overrepresentation analysis for functional terms. We illustrate the utility ofHybridExpressthrough comparative transcriptomic analyses of cotton allopolyploidization and rice root trait heterosis.HybridExpressis designed to streamline comparative transcriptomic studies of hybrid triplets, advancing our understanding of evolutionary dynamics in allopolyploids, and enhancing plant breeding strategies.HybridExpressis freely accessible from Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/HybridExpress) and its source code is available on GitHub (https://github.com/almeidasilvaf/HybridExpress).
Repeated global adaptation across plant species
Authors: Nocchi Gabriele , Whiting James R. , Yeaman Samuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobal adaptation occurs when all populations of a species undergo selection toward a common optimum. This can occur by a hard selective sweep with the emergence of a new globally advantageous allele that spreads throughout a species’ natural range until reaching fixation. This evolutionary process leaves a temporary trace in the region affected, which is detectable using population genomic methods. While selective sweeps have been identified in many species, there have been few comparative and systematic studies of the genes involved in global adaptation. Building upon recent findings showing repeated genetic basis of local adaptation across independent populations and species, we asked whether certain genes play a more significant role in driving global adaptation across plant species. To address this question, we scanned the genomes of 17 plant species to identify signals of repeated global selective sweeps. Despite the substantial evolutionary distance between the species analysed, we identified several gene families with strong evidence of repeated positive selection. These gene families tend to be enriched for reduced pleiotropy, consistent with predictions from Fisher’s evolutionary model and the cost of complexity hypothesis. We also found that genes with repeated sweeps exhibit elevated levels of gene duplication. Our findings contrast with recent observations of increased pleiotropy in genes driving local adaptation, consistent with predictions based on the theory of migration-selection balance.SignificanceGlobal adaptation occurs when a species undergoes selection toward a common optimum throughout its natural range. While instances of global adaptation are widespread in the literature, there is a shortage of comparative studies aimed at understanding its genetic architecture and how it contrasts with that of local adaptation. This research compares global selective sweeps across 17 plant species to uncover the attributes of the genetic loci repeatedly involved in adaptation. We show that global adaptation tends to rely on genes with reduced pleiotropy and is characterized by increased levels of gene duplication. This finding contrasts with recent observations of increased pleiotropy in genes driving local adaptation, reflecting the opposing dynamics underlying these two evolutionary processes.
Near infrared radiation-driven oxygenic photosynthesis contributes substantially to primary production in biofilms harboring chlorophyllf-containing cyanobacteria
Authors: Mosshammer Maria , Trampe Erik C. L. , Frigaard Niels-Ulrik , Kühl Michael 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTCyanobacteria with far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP) can modify their photopigmentation by synthesizing red-shifted phycobiliproteins and chlorophylls, i.e., chlorophyll (Chl)dandf. This enables use of near-infrared radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis in habitats depleted of visible light (VIS). Cyanobacteria with FaRLiP are widespread but their quantitative importance for primary production in natural habitats remains unknown. Previously we showed that intertidal beachrock formations can harbor endolithic populations of Chlf-containing cyanobacteria capable of using NIR for oxygenic photosynthesis (Kühl et al., 2020). Here we use a combination of gas exchange measurements and luminescence lifetime-based O2imaging to quantify how endolithic cyanobacteria with far-red chlorophylls contribute to the primary production of an intertidal beachrock habitat when exposed to a natural gradient of visible and near-infrared radiation. While VIS-driven photosynthesis predominantly took place in the dense cyanobacterial surface biofilm of beachrock, NIR-driven photosynthesis was mainly confined to a subsurface layer in the beachrock containing endolithic cyanobacteria with Chlfandd. Yet such subsurface, NIR-driven photosynthesis provided a substantial O2production reaching >20% of the gross photosynthesis rates under comparable photon irradiance of visible light. This points to a hitherto overlooked role of far-red light acclimated cyanobacteria for primary production in natural habitats characterized by steep attenuation of visible light and relative enrichment in near-infrared radiation.
Effect modification by sex of genetic associations of vitamin C related metabolites in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Lelievre Rebecca , Rakesh Mohan , Hysi Pirro G , Little Julian , Freeman Ellen E , Roy-Gagnon Marie-Hélène 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVitamin C is an essential dietary factor. There have been observed sex differences in serum vitamin C concentrations but the reason for this is not fully known. To understand how environmental factors like vitamin C intake interact with molecular processes, levels of metabolites can be used. Two metabolites associated with vitamin C are O-methylascorbate and ascorbic acid 2 sulfate. Past research has found there are genetic factors that influence these metabolite levels. Here, we aimed to investigate if there is effect modification by sex of these gene-metabolite associations and characterize the biological function of these interactions. We included individuals of European descent from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging with available genetic and metabolic data (n= 9004). We conducted a genome wide association study with and without a sex interaction using mixed linear models. We also investigated the biological function of the important gene-sex interactions found for each metabolite. Two genome-wide statistically significant (p-value < 5×10-8) interaction effects and several suggestive (p-value < 10-5) interaction effects were found. The suggestive interaction associations were mapped to several genes includingHSD11B2, which is associated with sex hormones andAGRPthat helps initiate hunger drive. By understanding the genetic factors that impact metabolites associated with vitamin C, we better understand its function in disease risk. In addition, highlighting genetic markers and genes whose effects are modified by sex can help to understand the mechanisms behind sex differences in vitamin C levels and guide further research.
All You Need Is Context: Clinician Evaluations of various iterations of a Large Language Model-Based First Aid Decision Support Tool in Ghana
Authors: Mensah Paulina Boadiwaa , Quao Nana Serwaa , Dagadu Sesinam , Mensah James Kwabena , Darkwah Jude Domfeh ,   Project Genie Clinician Evaluation Group [1]
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs advancements in research and development expand the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), there is a growing focus on their applications within the healthcare sector, driven by the large volume of data generated in healthcare. There are a few medicine-oriented evaluation datasets and benchmarks for assessing the performance of various LLMs in clinical scenarios; however, there is a paucity of information on the real-world usefulness of LLMs in context-specific scenarios in resource-constrained settings. In this work, 5 iterations of a decision support tool for medical emergencies using 5 distinct generalized LLMs were constructed, alongside a combination of Prompt Engineering and Retrieval Augmented Generation techniques. 50 responses were generated from the LLMs. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the LLM responses were provided by 13 physicians (general practitioners) with an average of 3 years of practice experience managing medical emergencies in resource-constrained settings in Ghana. Machine evaluations of the LLM responses were also computed and compared with the expert evaluations.
Sex-specific sequels of early life stress on serine/threonine kinase activity in visceral adipose tissue from obese mice
Authors: Leachman Jacqueline , Creeden Justin , Turner Meghan , Ahmed Nermin , Dalmasso Carolina , Loria Analia S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are an established independent risk factor for chronic disease including obesity and hypertension; however, only women exposed to multiple ACEs show a positive relationship with BMI. Our lab has reported that maternal separation and early weaning (MSEW), a mouse model of early life stress, induces sex-specific mechanisms underlying greater blood pressure response to a chronic high fat diet (HF). Specifically, female MSEW mice fed a HF display exacerbated perigonadal white adipose tissue (pgWAT) expansion and a metabolic syndrome-like phenotype compared to control counterparts, whereas hypertension is caused by sympathoactivation in male MSEW mice. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether there is a sex-specific serine/threonine kinase (STKA) activity in pgWAT adipose tissue associated with early life stress. Frozen pgWAT was collected from MSEW and control, male and female mice fed a HF to assess STKA activity using the Pamstation12 instrument. Overall, MSEW induces significant reduction of 7 phosphokinases (|Z| >=1.5) in females (QIK, MLK, PKCH, MST, STE7, PEK, FRAY) and 5 in males (AKT, SGK, P38, MARK, CDK), while 15 were downregulated in both sexes (DMPK, PKA, PKG, RSK, PLK, DYRK, NMO, CAMK1, JNK, PAKA, RAD53, ERK, PAKB, PKD, PIM, AMPK). This data provides new insights into the sex-specific dysregulation of the molecular network controlling cellular phosphorylation signals in visceral adipose tissue and identifies possible target phosphokinases implicated in adipocyte hypertrophy as a result of exposure to early life stress. Identifying functional metabolic signatures is critical to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms behind the sex-specific obesity risk associated with early life stress.
The stress of carrying CRISPR-Cas
Authors: Haider Dorina , Bauer Richard , Grempels Aline , Roscher Rebecca , Aslan Cagil Ceren , Mauerer Stefanie , Spellerberg Barbara 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStreptococcus anginosus(S. anginosus) is a commensal that can cause severe invasive bacterial infections. A considerable percentage ofS. anginosusstrains harbor CRISPR-Cas systems, which apart from being a bacterial immunity system can play an important role regarding the adaptation to environmental stress. The functionality ofS. anginosusCRISPR-Cas systems has previously not been investigated. To address this, we created a set of deletion mutants in the CRISPR-Cas type II-A system of theS. anginosusSK52 type strain, targeting the nuclease Cas9 and the CRISPR array. Testing these strains in a plasmid clearance assay, we were able to confirm CRISPR-Cas activity. Furthermore, the role of theS. anginosusCRISPR-Cas system was investigated under various stress conditions such as UV light, hydrogen peroxide exposure, and high-temperatures in wildtypeS. anginosusand CRISPR-Cas mutant strains. Under these conditions, survival was significantly lower in strains carryingcas9.Bacterial growth and metabolic activity in Alamar blue assays was also negatively affected by the presence ofcas9inS. anginosus. In summary we found that the presence of a functional CRISPR-Cas system inS. anginosusleads to measurable metabolic and fitness costs for the wildtype strain. Carryingcas9was associated with an impaired stress response in our experiments and may thus explain, why many strains of this species lack CRISPR-Cas.Author SummaryThe bacterial immunity system CRIPRS-Cas provides protection against invading foreign genetic material. Despite this obvious advantage only about 50% of bacteria carry CRISPR-Cas. To investigate the CRISPR system ofStreptococcus anginosus, which can cause serious bacterial infections and has recently been linked to gastric cancer, we created a set of mutants in different loci of the CRISPR system. Exposing these mutants to stress through UV-light, hydrogen peroxide and high temperatures, we could show that carrying the CRISPR nuclease gene Cas9 is associated with impaired survival under harsh conditions. Strains lacking the nuclease gene had a better growth and higher metabolic activity than the wildtype strain. In summary we found that the presence of a functional CRISPR-Cas system inS. anginosusleads to considerable metabolic and fitness costs. Carryingcas9was associated with an impaired stress response in our experiments and may thus explain, why many strains of this species lack CRISPR-Cas.
Contributions of the Dachsous intracellular domain to Dachsous-Fat signaling
Authors: Tripathi Bipin Kumar , Irvine Kenneth D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe protocadherins Fat and Dachsous regulate organ growth, shape, patterning, and planar cell polarity. Although Dachsous and Fat have been described as ligand and receptor, respectively, in a signal transduction pathway, there is also evidence for bidirectional signaling. Here we assess signaling downstream of Dachsous through analysis of its intracellular domain. Genomic deletions of conserved sequences withindachsousidentified regions of the intracellular domain required for normal development. Deletion of the A motif increased Dachsous protein levels and decreased wing size. Deletion of the D motif decreased Dachsous levels at cell membranes, increased wing size, and disrupted wing, leg and hindgut patterning and planar cell polarity. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments established that the D motif is necessary and sufficient for association of Dachsous with four key partners: Lowfat, Dachs, Spiny-legs, and MyoID. Subdivision of the D motif identified distinct regions that are preferentially responsible for association with Lft versus Dachs. Our results identify motifs that are essential for Dachsous function and are consistent with the hypothesis that the key function of Dachsous is regulation of Fat.
Supplier concentration and debt maturity structure
Authors: Zhang Tiesheng , Wang Ying , Zeng Xiangfei 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis paper takes Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2021 as research samples to investigate the influence of supplier concentration on debt maturity structure and its mechanism. It further analyzes whether the relationship between the two is different in the case of different monetary policies, collateral assets, and total debt. The research conclusion is of practical significance for enterprises to construct a balanced debt maturity structure and prevent financial risks.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts the empirical research method. The data came from the CSMAR database, which eliminated ST and *ST and companies with missing data, resulting in a sample of 20,328. Stata16 was used for statistical analysis.FindingsThere is an inverted U-shaped relationship between supplier concentration and debt maturity structure, and market position and trade credit play an intermediary role. In the case of tight monetary policy, fewer collateral assets, and higher total debt, the inverse U-shaped relationship is more significant.Originality/valueThis paper examines the relationship between supplier concentration and debt maturity structure from a non-linear perspective for the first time, providing theoretical support for enterprises to form a reasonable debt structure, and deepening the theoretical cognition of the relationship between supplier concentration and corporate debt maturity structure.
Numerical modeling of magnetic cores with combined electrical steel grades
Authors: Dabaj Oussama-Ali , Corin Ronan , Lecointe Jean-Philippe , Demian Cristian , Blaszkowski Jonathan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of combining grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) grades on specific iron losses and the flux density distribution within a single-phase magnetic core.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents the results of finite-element method (FEM) simulations investigating the impact of mixing two different GOES grades on losses of a single-phase magnetic core. The authors used different models: a 3D model with a highly detailed geometry including both saturation and anisotropy, as well as a simplified 2D model to save computation time. The behavior of the flux distribution in the mixed magnetic core is analyzed. Finally, the results from the numerical simulations are compared with experimental results.

Findings
The specific iron losses of a mixed magnetic core exhibit a nonlinear decrease with respect to the GOES grade with the lowest losses. Analyzing the magnetic core behavior using 2D and 3D FEM shows that the rolling direction of the GOES grades plays a critical role on the nonlinearity variation of the specific losses.

Originality/value
The novelty of this research lies in achieving an optimum trade-off between the manufacturing cost and the core efficiency by combining conventional and high-performance GOES grade in a single-phase magnetic core.
Human-machine dialogues unveiled: an in-depth exploration of individual attitudes and adoption patterns toward AI-powered ChatGPT systems
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Rani Manju , Rani Garima , Rani Vinki 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
ChatGPT is an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) form that can generate human-like text based on large amounts of data. This paper aims to empirically examine the ChatGPT adoption level among Indian individuals by considering the key factors in determining individuals’ attitudes and intentions toward newly emerged AI tools.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper used “partial least square structural equation modeling” (PLS-SEM) to investigate the relation among several latent factors by applying a representative sample of 351 individuals.

Findings
This study found that trialability, performance expectancy and personal innovativeness significantly influence individuals' attitudes, while compatibility and effort expectancy do not significantly impact attitudes. Additionally, trialability, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, personal innovativeness and attitude significantly influence behavioral intentions. However, compatibility has an insignificant impact on behavioral intention. Moreover, the research highlights that attitude and behavioral intention directly correlate with actual use. Specifically, the absence of compatibility makes people hesitate to use technology that does not meet their specific needs.

Practical implications
These unique findings provide valuable insights for technology service providers and government entities. They can use this information to shape their policies, deliver timely and relevant updates and enhance their strategies to boost the adoption of ChatGPT.

Originality/value
This paper is one of the pioneering attempts to exhibit the research stream to understand the individual acceptance of ChatGPT in an emerging country. Moreover, it gained significant attention from individuals for delivering a unique experience and promising solutions.