bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinical features and liver histology in acute and chronic autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Iwai Masaki , Jo Masayasu , Ishii Michiaki , Mori Takahiro , Harada Yoshinori 
Published: March 2008

Aim:  We investigated the clinical and morphological features between acute and chronic autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) with or without acute exacerbation.Methods & Results:  Serum total bilirubin on average was elevated to 12 mg/dL in acute AIH, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase peaked to more than 1000 U/L, and serum γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase was higher in the acute type compared with the chronic type without exacerbation. Serum immunoglobulin G was lowest in all other types of AIH. A liver biopsy showed interface or lobular hepatitis with lympho‐plasmacytic infiltration, and rosette formations were frequently seen in acute AIH. There were morphological changes of central necrosis with plasmacytic infiltration and giant cell hepatitis. CK19‐positive cholangiolar cells had proliferated in the periportal area with massive necrosis, and bile duct injuries were seen in acute AIH more frequently than in the chronic type.Conclusion:  Laboratory data and liver histology in acute AIH differed from those of chronic AIH and were clarified for the diagnosis of acute AIH.
Host Cells Participate in the In Vitro Effects of Novel Diamidine Analogues against Tachyzoites of the Intracellular Apicomplexan ParasitesNeospora caninumandToxoplasma gondii
Authors: Leepin Angela , Stüdli Angela , Brun Reto , Stephens Chad E. , Boykin David W. , Hemphill Andrew 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe in vitro effects of 19 dicationic diamidine derivatives against the proliferative tachyzoite stages of the apicomplexan parasitesNeospora caninumandToxoplasma gondiiwere investigated. Four compounds (DB811, DB786, DB750, and DB766) with similar structural properties exhibited profound inhibition of tachyzoite proliferation. The lowest 50% inhibitory concentrations were found for DB786 (0.21 μM againstNeosporaand 0.22 μM againstToxoplasma) and DB750 (0.23 μM againstNeosporaand 0.16 μM againstToxoplasma), with complete proliferation inhibition at 1.7 μM for both drugs against both species. DB750 and DB786 were chosen for further studies. Electron microscopy ofN. caninum-infected human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cultures revealed distinct alterations and damage of parasite ultrastructure upon drug treatment, while host cells remained unaffected. For true parasiticidal efficacy againstN. caninum, a treatment duration of 3 h at 1.7 μM was sufficient for DB750, while a longer treatment period (24 h) was necessary for DB786. Pretreatment of tachyzoites for 1 h prior to host cell exposure had no effect on infectivity. However, pretreatment of uninfected host cells had a significant adverse effect onN. caninumproliferation: exposure of HFFs to 1.7 μM DB750 for 6, 12, or 24 h, followed by infection withN. caninumtachyzoites and subsequent culture in the absence of DB750, resulted in significantly delayed parasite proliferation. This suggests that either (i) these compounds or their respective active metabolites were still present after the removal of the drugs or (ii) the drug treatments reversibly impaired some functional activities in HFFs that were essential for parasite proliferation and/or survival.
Requirements for Surface Expression and Function of Adhesin P1 from
Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Crowley Paula J. , Seifert Trevor B. , Isoda Ryutaro , van Tilburg Marloes , Oli Monika W. , Robinette Rebekah A. , McArthur William P. , Bleiweis Arnold S. , Brady L. Jeannine 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT

In this report, we define requirements for the successful translocation and functional maturation of the adhesin P1 of
Streptococcus mutans
. Conformational epitopes recognized by anti-P1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were further characterized, thus facilitating the use of particular MAbs as tools to monitor the locations of various forms of the protein. We show that correct localization of P1 is dependent on structural features of the molecule itself, including a requisite A region-P region intramolecular interaction that occurs within the cell prior to secretion. P1 also was shown to be affected by several members of the protein-folding-secretion-turnover apparatus. It does not achieve a fully functional form in the absence of the trigger factor PPIase homolog RopA, and its translocation is delayed when DnaK levels are limited. In addition,
dnaK
message levels are differentially altered in the presence of P1 lacking the alanine-rich compared to the proline-rich repeat domains. Lastly, nonsecreted P1 lacking the P region accumulates within the cell in the absence of
htrA
, implying an intracellular HtrA protease function in the degradation and turnover of this particular internal-deletion polypeptide. However, the opposite effect is seen for full-length P1, suggesting a sensing mechanism and substrate-dependent alteration in HtrA's function and effect that is consistent with its known ability to switch between chaperone and protease, depending on environmental perturbations.
Characterization of Murine Dendritic Cell Line JAWS II and Primary Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells inChlamydia muridarumAntigen Presentation and Induction of Protective Immunity
Authors: Jiang Xiaozhou , Shen Caixia , Rey-Ladino Jose , Yu Hong , Brunham Robert C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDendritic cells (DCs) appear to orchestrate much of the immunobiology ofChlamydiainfection, but most studies ofChlamydia-DC interaction have been limited by the availability and heterogeneity of primary bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs). We therefore evaluated the immunobiology ofChlamydia muridaruminfection in an immortal DC line termed JAWS II derived from BMDCs of a C57BL/6 p53-knockout mouse. JAWS II cells were permissive to the developmental cycle ofChlamydia. Infection-induced cell death was 50 to 80% less in JAWS II cells than in BMDCs.Chlamydiainfected JAWS II cells and yielded infectious progeny 10-fold greater than that with primary BMDCs. JAWS II cells showed an expression pattern of cell activation markers and cytokine secretion followingChlamydiainfection similar to that of primary BMDCs by up-regulating the expression of CD86, CD40, and major histocompatibility complex class II and secreting significant amounts of interleukin-12 (IL-12) but not IL-10. JAWS II cells pulsed withChlamydiastimulated immune CD4+T cells to secrete gamma interferon. Adoptive transfer of ex vivoChlamydia-pulsed JAWS II cells conferred levels of immunity on C57BL/6 mice similar to those conferred by primary BMDCs. Taken together, the data show that JAWS II cells exhibit immunobiological characteristics and functions similar to those of primary BMDCs in terms ofChlamydiaantigen presentation in vitro and antigen delivery in vivo. We conclude that the JAWS II cell line can substitute for primary BMDCs inChlamydiaimmunobiological studies.
Model for Analysis of Program Curricula in Social Work Education
Authors: Guzzetta Charles 
Published: March 2008

[A persistent problem in collaboration among programs of social work education around the world has been the absence of a basis for comparisons of curricula. Excellent progress is being made on models for total program comparison, but less attention has been given to component parts of programs. This paper presents a model for analysis and comparison of curricula. Problems of apparent similarities are discussed. Curriculum is described and defined as a set of neutral indicators and as a social, political and cultural statement. The gotential difficulties inherent in this formulation are noted. The following analytic model is presented based on six indicators : 1. Attitude (relation to time) a. prospective b. retrospective 2. Mode (nature of action) a. dynamic b. static 3. Scope (units of attention) a. particular b. comprehensive 4. Penetration (depth of study) a. survey b. profound c. exemplar 5. Construction a. linear b. holistic c. thematic 6. Culture a. exotic b. indigenous Finally, selected applications are proposed.] C. J. Guzzetta Professor Hunter College New York, New York, USA
Teneurin-1 is expressed in interconnected regions of the developing brain and is processed in vivo
Authors: Kenzelmann Daniela , Chiquet-Ehrismann Ruth , Leachman Nathaniel T , Tucker Richard P 
Published: March 2008

Abstract

Background
Teneurins are a unique family of transmembrane proteins conserved from C. elegans and D. melanogaster to mammals. In vertebrates there are four paralogs (teneurin-1 to -4), all of which are expressed prominently in the developing central nervous system.

Results
Analysis of teneurin-1 expression in the developing chick brain by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry defined a unique, distinct expression pattern in interconnected regions of the brain. Moreover we found complementary patterns of teneurin-1 and-2 expression in many parts of the brain, including the retina, optic tectum, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum as well as in brain nuclei involved in processing of sensory information. Based on these expression patterns, we suspect a role for teneurins in neuronal connectivity.
In contrast to the cell-surface staining of the antibody against the extracellular domain, an antibody recognizing the intracellular domain revealed nuclear staining in subpopulations of neurons and in undifferentiated mesenchyme. Western blot analysis of brain lysates showed the presence of N-terminal fragments of teneurin-1 containing the intracellular domain indicating that proteolytic processing occurs. Finally, the teneurin-1 intracellular domain was found to contain a nuclear localization signal, which is required for nuclear localization in transfected cells.

Conclusion
Teneurin-1 and -2 are expressed by distinct interconnected populations of neurons in the developing central nervous system. Our data support the hypothesis that teneurins can be proteolytically processed leading to the release of the intracellular domain and its translocation to the nucleus.
Circulating plasma factors induce tubular and glomerular alterations in septic burns patients
Authors: Mariano Filippo , Cantaluppi Vincenzo , Stella Maurizio , Romanazzi Giuseppe Mauriello , Assenzio Barbara , Cairo Monica , Biancone Luigi , Triolo Giorgio , Ranieri VMarco , Camussi Giovanni 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Background
Severe burn is a systemic illness often complicated by sepsis. Kidney is one of the organs invariably affected, and proteinuria is a constant clinical finding. We studied the relationships between proteinuria and patient outcome, severity of renal dysfunction and systemic inflammatory state in burns patients who developed sepsis-associated acute renal failure (ARF). We then tested the hypothesis that plasma in these patients induces apoptosis and functional alterations that could account for proteinuria and severity of renal dysfunction in tubular cells and podocytes.

Methods
We studied the correlation between proteinuria and indexes of systemic inflammation or renal function prospectively in 19 severe burns patients with septic shock and ARF, and we evaluated the effect of plasma on apoptosis, polarity and functional alterations in cultured human tubular cells and podocytes. As controls, we collected plasma from 10 burns patients with septic shock but without ARF, 10 burns patients with septic shock and ARF, 10 non-burns patients with septic shock without ARF, 10 chronic uremic patients and 10 healthy volunteers.

Results
Septic burns patients with ARF presented a severe proteinuria that correlated to outcome, glomerular (creatinine/urea clearance) and tubular (fractional excretion of sodium and potassium) functional impairment and systemic inflammation (white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts). Plasma from these patients induced a pro-apoptotic effect in tubular cells and podocytes that correlated with the extent of proteinuria. Plasma-induced apoptosis was significantly higher in septic severe burns patients with ARF with respect to those without ARF or with septic shock without burns. Moreover, plasma from septic burns patients induced an alteration of polarity in tubular cells, as well as reduced expression of the tight junction protein ZO-1 and of the endocytic receptor megalin. In podocytes, plasma from septic burns patients increased permeability to albumin and decreased the expression of the slit diaphragm protein nephrin.

Conclusion
Plasma from burns patients with sepsis-associated ARF contains factors that affect the function and survival of tubular cells and podocytes. These factors are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute tubular injury and proteinuria, which is a negative prognostic factor and an index of renal involvement in the systemic inflammatory reaction.
Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering on Ordered Gold Nanodot Arrays Prepared from Anodic Porous Alumina Mask
Authors: Kondo Toshiaki , Matsumoto Futoshi , Nishio Kazuyuki , Masuda Hideki 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We show surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) on an ordered array of Au nanodots prepared from a highly ordered anodic porous alumina mask. The intensity of SERS signals is strongly dependent on the height of the Au dots, indicating the existence of optimum geometrical structures for SERS. The fabrication process of the nanodot array described in the present study enables easy preparation of SERS substrates.
A Solid-state 17O NMR Study of β-Glycine: High Sensitivity of 17O NMR Parameters to Hydrogen-bonding Interactions
Authors: Yamada Kazuhiko , Shimizu Tadashi , Yamazaki Toshio , Sato Akira 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We will present a solid-state 17O NMR study of β-glycine and demonstrate that 17O NMR parameters are highly sensitive to the local molecular structures, in particular, hydrogen-bond environments, indicating that, potentially, solid-state 17O NMR is a powerful tool for investigating the polymorphs of drugs.
Total synthesis of complex heterocyclic natural products
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Chen Jason S. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Total synthesis campaigns toward complex heterocyclic natural products are a prime source of inspiration for the design and execution of complex cascade sequences, powerful reactions, and efficient synthetic strategies. We highlight selected examples of such innovations in the course of our total syntheses of diazonamide A, azaspiracid-1, thiostrepton, 2,2'-epi-cytoskyrin A and rugulosin, abyssomycin C, platensimycin, and uncialamycin.
Use of sultines in the asymmetric synthesis of polypropionate antibiotics
Authors: Vogel Pierre , Turks Maris , Bouchez Laure , Craita Cotinica , Murcia M. Carmen , Fonquerne Freddy , Didier Charles , Huang Xiaogen , Flowers Christopher 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
At low temperature and in the presence of an acid catalyst, SO2 adds to 1,3-dienes equilibrating with the corresponding 3,6-dihydro-1,2-oxathiin-2-oxides (sultines). These compounds are unstable above -60 °C and equilibrate with the more stable 2,5-dihydrothiophene 1,1-dioxides (sulfolenes). The hetero-Diels-Alder additions of SO2 are suprafacial and follow the Alder endo rule. The sultines derived from 1-oxy-substituted and 1,3-dioxy-disubstituted 1,3-dienes cannot be observed at -100 °C but are believed to be formed faster than the corresponding sulfolenes. In the presence of acid catalysts, the 6-oxy-substituted sultines equilibrate with zwitterionic species that react with electron-rich alkenes such as enoxysilanes and allylsilanes, generating β,γ-unsaturated silyl sulfinates that can be desilylated and desulfinylated to generate polypropionate fragments containing up to three contiguous stereogenic centers and an (E)-alkene unit. Alternatively, the silyl sulfinates can be reacted with electrophiles to generate polyfunctional sulfones (one-pot, four-component synthesis of sulfones), or oxidized into sulfonyl chlorides and reacted with amines, then realizing a one-pot, four-component synthesis of polyfunctional sulfonamides. Using enantiomerically enriched dienes such as 1-[(R)- or 1-(S)-phenylethyloxy]-2-methyl-(E,E)-penta-1,3-dien-3-yl isobutyrate, derived from inexpensive (R)- or (S)-1-phenylethanol, enantiomerically enriched stereotriads are obtained in one-pot operations. The latter are ready for further chain elongation. This has permitted the development of expeditious total asymmetric syntheses of important natural products of biological interest such as the baconipyrones, rifamycin S, and apoptolidin A.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Congenital Portosystemic Venous Shunt: A Previously Unrecognized Association
Authors: Ohno Takuro , Muneuchi Jun , Ihara Kenji , Yuge Tetsuji , Kanaya Yoshiaki , Yamaki Shigeo , Hara Toshiro 
Published: March 2008

BACKGROUND. Pulmonary arterial hypertension has been reported to be observed in association with acquired portal hypertension. However, the contribution of congenital anomalies occurring in the portal system to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains to be elucidated.METHODS. Nine patients with congenital portosystemic venous shunt were studied from January 1990 through September 2005.RESULTS. Patent ductus venosus was detected in 5 patients, including 3 patients with an absence of the portal vein. The presence of either a gastrorenal or splenorenal shunt was evident in another 4 patients. Six patients had a history of hypergalactosemia with normal enzyme activities, as seen during neonatal screening. Six (66.7%) of the 9 patients were identified to have clinically significant pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure: 34–79 mm Hg; pulmonary vascular resistances: 5.12–38.07 U). The median age at the onset of pulmonary arterial hypertension was 12 years and 3 months. Histologic studies of lung specimens, which were available in 4 of the 9 patients with congenital portosystemic venous shunt, showed small arterial microthrombotic lesions in 3 patients. This characteristic finding was recognized even in the congenital portosystemic venous shunt patients without PAH.CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrated thromboembolic pulmonary arterial hypertension to be a crucial complication in congenital portosystemic venous shunt, and this pathologic state may be latently present in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension of unknown etiology.
Groups definable in ordered vector spaces over ordered division rings
Authors: Eleftheriou Pantelis E. , Starchenko Sergei 
Published: March 2008

AbstractLet M = 〈M, +, <, 0, {λ}λЄD〉 be an ordered vector space over an ordered division ring D, and G = 〈G, ⊕, eG〉 an n-dimensional group definable in M. We show that if G is definably compact and definably connected with respect to the t-topology, then it is definably isomorphic to a ‘definable quotient group’ U/L, for some convex V-definable subgroup U of 〈Mn, +〉 and a lattice L of rank n. As two consequences, we derive Pillay's conjecture for a saturated M as above and we show that the o-minimal fundamental group of G is isomorphic to L.
On the complexity of alpha conversion
Authors: Statman Rick 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe consider three problems concerning alpha conversion of closed terms (combinators).(1) Given a combinator M find the an alpha convert of M with a smallest number of distinct variables.(2) Given two alpha convertible combinators M and N find a shortest alpha conversion of M to N.(3) Given two alpha convertible combinators M and N find an alpha conversion of M to N which uses the smallest number of variables possible along the way.We obtain the following results.(1) There is a polynomial time algorithm for solving problem (1). It is reducible to vertex coloring of chordal graphs.(2) Problem (2) is co-NP complete (in recognition form). The general feedback vertex set problem for digraphs is reducible to problem (2).(3) At most one variable besides those occurring in both M and N is necessary. This appears to be the folklore but the proof is not familiar. A polynomial time algorithm for the alpha conversion of M to N using at most one extra variable is given.There is a tradeoff between solutions to problem (2) and problem (3) which we do not fully understand.
Relational structures constructible by quantifier free definable operations
Authors: Shelah Saharon , Doron Mor 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe consider the notion of bounded m-ary patch-width defined in [9], and its very close relative m-constructibility defined below. We show that the notions of m-constructibility all coincide for m ≥ 3, while 1-constructibility is a weaker notion. The same holds for bounded m-ary patch-width. The case m = 2 is left open.
The ground axiom
Authors: Reitz Jonas 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA new axiom is proposed, the Ground Axiom, asserting that the universe is not a nontrivial set forcing extension of any inner model. The Ground Axiom is first-order expressible, and any model of ZFC has a class forcing extension which satisfies it. The Ground Axiom is independent of many well-known set-theoretic assertions including the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis, the assertion V=HOD that every set is ordinal definable, and the existence of measurable and supercompact cardinals. The related Bedrock Axiom, asserting that the universe is a set forcing extension of a model satisfying the Ground Axiom, is also first-order expressible, and its negation is consistent.
The pseudocompactness of [0.1] is equivalent to the uniform continuity theorem
Authors: Bridges Douglas , Diener Hannes 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe prove constructively that, in order to derive the uniform continuity theorem for pointwise continuous mappings from a compact metric space into a metric space, it is necessary and sufficient to prove any of a number of equivalent conditions, such as that every pointwise continuous mapping of [0, 1] into ℝ is bounded. The proofs are analytic, making no use of, for example, fan-theoretic ideas.
Index sets for classes of high rank structures
Authors: Calvert W. , Fokina E. , Goncharov S. S. , Knight J. F. , Kudinov O. , Morozov A. S. , Puzarenko V. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThis paper calculates, in a precise way. the complexity of the index sets for three classes of computable structures: the class of structures of Scott rank , the class , of structures of Scott rank , and the class K of all structures of non-computable Scott rank. We show that I(K) is m-complete is m-complete relative to Kleene's and is m-complete relative to .
Hematologic iron analyte values as an indicator of hepatic hemosiderosis in callitrichidae
Authors: Smith Kristine M. , McAloose Denise , Torregrossa Ann‐Marie , Raphael Bonnie L. , Calle Paul P. , Moore Robert P. , James Stephanie B. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHepatic hemosiderosis is one of the most common postmortem findings in captive callitrichid species. Noninvasive evaluation of hematologic iron analytes has been used to diagnose hepatic iron storage disease in humans, lemurs, and bats. This study evaluated the relationship between hematologic iron analyte values (iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity, and percent transferrin saturation) and hepatic hemosiderosis in callitrichids at the Wildlife Conservation Society's Central Park and Bronx Zoos. Results revealed that both ferritin and percent transferrin saturation levels had strong positive correlations with hepatic iron concentration (P<0.001, r=0.77, n=20; P<0.001, r=0.85, n=10, respectively). Serum iron levels positively correlated with hepatic iron concentration (P=0.06, r=0.56, n=11), but this finding was not significant. Serum total iron binding capacity did not significantly correlate with hepatic iron concentration (P=0.47, r=0.25, n=10). Both ferritin and hepatic iron concentration positively correlated with severity of hepatic iron deposition on histology (P<0.05, r=0.49, n=21; P<0.001, r=0.67, n=21, respectively). This study suggests that ferritin, serum iron concentration, and percent transferrin saturation are convenient, noninvasive, antemortem methods for assessing severity of hemosiderosis in callitrichids. Am. J. Primatol. 70:629–633, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.