bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suramin augments the antitumor and antimetastatic activity of pentoxifylline in B16F10 melanoma
Authors: Dua Pooja , Ingle Arvind , Gude Rajiv P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRapid tumor growth and metastasis are 2 major problems associated with treatment of malignant melanoma. Therefore, drugs that can intervene these processes are of clinical importance. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a methyl xanthine derivative, has been shown to inhibit B16F10 melanoma tumor growth and metastasis. We hypothesized that suramin when combined with PTX enhances its antineoplastic effects, which we have examined using the B16F10 mouse melanoma model. Suramin in simultaneous or sequential combination potentiated the cytotoxic effects of PTX on B16F10 cells. PTX arrested cells in the G0‐G1 phase and suramin augmented the effects. Both the drugs inhibited F10 adhesion to laminin, matrigel and collagen type IV and showed enhanced inhibition in combination The combination also demonstrated significantly higher inhibition in cell motility (p = 0.002) and invasion through matrigel (p = 0.005) as compared to the single agents. Suramin synergized with PTX in its effects on secretion of MMP‐9 gelatinase. DBA2/J mice implanted with intradermal B16F10 tumor were used as a model to study tumor growth. Animals were intratumorally treated with 50 mg/kg of PTX, 10 mg/kg of suramin and their combinations. Simultaneous administration of the drugs inhibited tumor growth by 5‐ to 6‐folds. Tumor growth was completely blocked in sequential regimen with regression in some cases. The number and size of metastatic nodules on lung was also reduced significantly by the combination treatment. In conclusion, the novel combination of PTX and suramin has synergistic antitumor and antimetastatic activity in B16F10 melanoma and may be a promising approach in treatment of patients suffering from malignant melanoma. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allergies are associated with reduced pancreas cancer risk: A population‐based case–control study in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Eppel Ayelet , Cotterchio Michelle , Gallinger Steven 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest cancers with mortality rates almost equaling incidence rates. Each year, approximately 3,500 Canadians are diagnosed with this disease. Although somewhat inconsistent, epidemiological studies have found that allergies are associated with a reduced pancreas cancer risk while there appears to be no association with asthma. These associations were evaluated in a population‐based case–control study conducted in Ontario. Incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, identified through the Ontario Cancer Registry (OCR), and diagnosed April 1, 2003 to June 1, 2006, were recruited by the Ontario Pancreas Cancer Study (OPCS). Controls were recruited from the Ontario Familial Colorectal Cancer Registry (OFCCR). Data on 276 cases and 378 controls were available for the current study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to obtain age‐adjusted odds ratio (AOR) estimates. Ever having allergies or hayfever was associated with reduced pancreas cancer risk (OR = 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.63). There was no association observed between a history of asthma and pancreas cancer risk. Findings are of great importance to understanding the biological mechanisms involved in pancreas cancer development. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The tetraspanin CD9 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenicity of human colon carcinoma cells
Authors: Ovalle Susana , Gutiérrez‐López María Dolores , Olmo Nieves , Turnay Javier , Lizarbe María Antonia , Majano Pedro , Molina‐Jiménez Francisca , López‐Cabrera Manuel , Yáñez‐Mó María , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Cabañas Carlos 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe implication of the tetraspanin CD9 in cancer has received much recent attention and an inverse correlation between CD9 expression and the metastatic potential and cancer survival rate has been established for different tumor types. In contrast to the well‐established role of CD9 in metastasis, very little is known about the involvement of this tetraspanin in the process of development of primary tumors. In the present study, we present evidence on the implication of CD9 in colon carcinoma tumorigenesis. We report here that ectopic expression of CD9 in colon carcinoma cells results in enhanced integrin‐dependent adhesion and inhibition of cell growth. Consistently with these effects, treatment of these cells with anti‐CD9‐specific antibodies resulted in (i) increased β1 integrin‐mediated cell adhesion through a mechanism involving clustering of integrin molecules rather than altered affinity; (ii) induction of morphological changes characterized by the acquisition of an elongated cell phenotype; (iii) inhibition of cell proliferation with no significant effect on cell survival; (iv) increased expression of membrane TNF‐α, and finally (v) inhibition of the in vivo tumorigenic capacity in nude mice. In addition, through the use of selective blockers of TNF‐α, we have demonstrated that this cytokine partly mediates the antiproliferative effects of CD9. These results clearly establish for the first time a role for CD9 in the tumorigenic process. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fibre intake and renal cell carcinoma: A case‐control study from Italy
Authors: Galeone Carlotta , Pelucchi Claudio , Talamini Renato , Negri Eva , Montella Maurizio , Ramazzotti Valerio , Zucchetto Antonella , Maso Luigino Dal , Franceschi Silvia , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOnly 2 previous studies, conducted in Australia, United States and northern Europe, considered the role of dietary fibre intake on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk, and both showed a modest, inverse association. Therefore, we investigated in depth the topic of fibres and RCC, using data from a multicenter case‐control study conducted in Italy from 1992 to 2004, including 767 cases with incident, histologically confirmed RCC and 1,534 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases with acute nonmalignant conditions. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained after allowance for major identified confounding factors, including total energy intake. The continuous OR for an increase in intake equal to the difference between the 80th and the 20th percentile were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.82–1.08) for total dietary fibre, 0.98 (95% CI: 0.85–1.13) for soluble noncellulose polysaccharides, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.80–1.05) for total insoluble fibre, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78–1.04) for cellulose, 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84–1.06) for insoluble noncellulose polysaccharides and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.93–1.21) for lignin. With reference to the sources of fibre, we found an inverse association with vegetable fibre (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97), but no association with fruit (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86–1.12) and grain fibre (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95–1.15). The inverse association with vegetable fibre may reflect a real favorable effect, or be an indicator of a beneficial role of a diet rich in vegetable on RCC risk. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A survey of the 2001 to 2005 quartz crystal microbalance biosensor literature: applications of acoustic physics to the analysis of biomolecular interactions
Authors: Cooper Matthew A. , Singleton Victoria T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe widespread exploitation of biosensors in the analysis of molecular recognition has its origins in the mid‐1990s following the release of commercial systems based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). More recently, platforms based on piezoelectric acoustic sensors (principally ‘bulk acoustic wave’ (BAW), ‘thickness shear mode’ (TSM) sensors or ‘quartz crystal microbalances’ (QCM)), have been released that are driving the publication of a large number of papers analysing binding specificities, affinities, kinetics and conformational changes associated with a molecular recognition event. This article highlights salient theoretical and practical aspects of the technologies that underpin acoustic analysis, then reviews exemplary papers in key application areas involving small molecular weight ligands, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, viruses, bacteria, cells and lipidic and polymeric interfaces. Key differentiators between optical and acoustic sensing modalities are also reviewed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multivariate prognostic study on large gastric cancer
Authors: Shiraishi Norio , Sato Koichi , Yasuda Kazuhiro , Inomata Masafumi , Kitano Seigo 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many authors investigate the prognostic factors of gastric cancer, there are few comprehensive studies on the prognosis of patients with large gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic factors of large gastric cancer using multivariate analysis.MethodsThe study included 95 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer measuring 10 cm or more in diameter. We examined 24 clinicopathologic factors based on patient, operation, and tumor findings. Survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier and Mantel–Cox method, and multivariate analysis was done using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOverall 5‐year survival rate was 22%, and median survival period was 15 months. The 5‐year survival rate was influenced by the tumor size, gross type, serosal invasion, extragastric lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, stage of disease (I, II vs. III, IV), resection margin, and operative curability (R0 vs. R1, R2). Of these, independent prognostic factors were three tumor findings: serosal invasion (absent vs. present, odds ratio 3.06, P < 0.01), extragastric lymph node metastasis (absent vs. present, odds ratio 2.13, P < 0.05), and liver metastasis (absent vs. present, odds ratio 3.77, P < 0.05). The survival was not significantly associated with any of the patient factors or operation factors including the extent of lymph node dissection.ConclusionIn patients with large gastric cancer, independent prognostic factors were serosal invasion, extragastric lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis. Prognosis after gastectomy was determined by these tumor factors and was not associated with the patient or operation factors. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:14‐18. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enzymatic Polymerization to Unnatural Hybrid Polysaccharides
Authors: Ohmae Masashi , Makino Akira , Kobayashi Shiro 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUnnatural hybrid polysaccharides with an alternating structure of different kinds of monosaccharide units have been synthesized by enzymatic polymerization catalyzed by a glycoside hydrolase. For the synthesis, various activated monomers with a disaccharide structure were designed on the basis of the concept of transition‐state analogue substrate (TSAS). The monomers include two types of TSAS monomer structures: a sugar fluoride type and a sugar oxazoline type. Hydrolase catalysis successfully induces polycondensation or ring‐opening polyaddition of these monomers to produce unnatural hybrid polysaccharides in good yield. Characterization of the products, mechanistic features of the polymerization, and specific properties of the product polysaccharides are discussed.magnified image
Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Molecular‐Weight Blends—Correlation with Local Chain Order in the Melt?
Authors: Maus Andreas , Saalwächter Kay 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe crystallization of bimodal PDMS molecular‐weight blends consisting of long (115 kda) and short (5.3 kda) chains is investigated using DSC and proton NMR. In agreement with earlier studies, it is found that the pure long‐chain sample crystallizes more rapidly than the short‐chain sample. Furthermore, the rate passes through a maximum for the 60:40 blend. These observations hold true for non‐isothermal cooling at −5 K · min−1 and isothermal crystallization at 203 K (both DSC) as well as at 218 K (NMR). The samples with 40% long chains or less crystallize to about 75–80% under all conditions, and the crystalline fractions derived from DSC and NMR agree very well, thus also confirming the literature value of 61.3 J · g−1 as the perfect heat of fusion for PDMS, and disproving some earlier studies. A relation of the crystallization kinetics with entanglement‐induced segmental orientation correlations in the melt is postulated. The local chain order is characterized by proton multiple‐quantum NMR, and an attempt is made to correlate this observable with a reduced crystallization rate, corrected for effects of chain transport.magnified image
A sociological view of costs of price adjustment: contributions from grounded theory methods
Authors: Zbaracki Mark J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEconomic theory and data sometimes pose problems that cannot be addressed with existing econometric methods. For example, theories of price adjustment costs rely on variables that cannot or have not been observed. In principle, such costs can be measured, but there is little reason to expect they can be measured with existing econometric methods. I argue that the grounded theory methods developed by sociologists can be used to demonstrate the validity of price adjustment costs and to address deeper questions about how firms adjust prices. Properly matched to economic problems, grounded theory may help economists to develop better theory and better test existing theory. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Duodenal levodopa infusion for advanced Parkinson's disease: 12‐month treatment outcome
Authors: Antonini Angelo , Isaias Ioannis U. , Canesi Margherita , Zibetti Maurizio , Mancini Francesca , Manfredi Luigi , Dal Fante Marco , Lopiano Leonardo , Pezzoli Gianni 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe assessed prospectively clinical and quality of life changes in 9 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD; H&Y ≥ 3) with severe motor fluctuations and dyskinesia who started continuous daily levodopa duodenal infusion through percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Seven patients completed the follow‐up period. Duration of “off” periods and time with disabling dyskinesia shortened significantly in all patients (P < 0.01). Total daily dose of levodopa infused did not differ from baseline equivalents. There were significant improvements in UPDRS‐II (activities of daily living) and ‐IV (motor complications) in the “on” condition (P < 0.02), and in four PDQ‐39 domains (mobility, activities of daily living, stigma, bodily discomfort; P < 0.05). Two patients withdrew for adverse events. Our results demonstrate that a satisfactory therapeutic window can be achieved and maintained for several months in advanced PD patients. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Simultaneous determination of daidzein, equol, genistein and bisphenol A in human urine by a fast and simple method using SPE and GC‐MS
Authors: Moors Stefan , Blaszkewicz Meinolf , Bolt Hermann M. , Degen Gisela H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractHuman diet contains weakly estrogenic compounds such as daidzein (DAI) and genistein (GEN), phytoestrogens present in soy and many vegetables as well as bisphenol A (BPA), a contaminant from packing materials and plastic containers for foods and beverages. In light of concerns about hormonally active agents, biomonitoring methods are needed to assess human exposure to such compounds. A method for simultaneous determination of DAI, its metabolite equol (EQ), GEN, and BPA by GC‐MS analysis was established, validated and applied to measure concentrations in human urine. Sample preparation involves enzymatic conjugate cleavage, SPE and derivatization by silylation. For GC/MS analysis, deuterated DAI and GEN and 13C‐BPA are used as internal standards. LOD are 4, 4, 5 and 3 ng/mL urine for DAI, EQ, GEN and BPA, respectively. Interassay variations were 9% for DAI, 15% for EQ, 18% for GEN and 10% for BPA. Simple workup and accuracy of the method are suited for biomonitoring. An analysis of urine samples from 15 adults consuming typical German food revealed dietary exposure to phytoestrogens in all samples: GEN concentrations ranged between 13 and 238 ng/mL, those for DAI ranged from 12 to 356 ng/mL. More than half of the individuals excreted also the more estrogenic metabolite EQ, at levels of 8–128 ng/mL. Higher concentrations (GEN: 820, DAI: 960 and EQ: 1740 ng/mL) were measured in a 24 h urine sample upon ingestion of soy protein (50 g with 12.9 mg DAI and 25.2 mg GEN). Only urine collected after some days on strict phytoestrogen‐free diet had undetectable isoflavone levels. BPA was detected in 9 of 15 urine samples ranging from 3 to 11 ng/mL, and at 55 ng/mL in one sample. In conclusion, a reliable method to determine BPA and isoflavones in urine was established and applied in a pilot study: Biomonitoring results show much higher dietary exposure to phytoestrogens than to BPA in German adults.
Novel oxidative metabolites of the mycoestrogen zearalenone in vitro
Authors: Pfeiffer Erika , Heyting Anja , Metzler Manfred 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe estrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) is known to get metabolized to the α‐and β‐isomers of zearalenol, but no hydroxylation products of ZEN have yet been reported as metabolites in animals or humans. We have therefore incubated ZEN with microsomes from rat liver in the presence of a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form) (NADPH)‐regenerating system and analyzed the extracted metabolites with HPLC and GC‐MS after trimethylsilylation. A total of 17 in vitro metabolites were observed. The two major metabolites were tentatively identified as monohydroxylated ZEN with the newly introduced hydroxyl group localized in the aliphatic macrocyclic ring. According to the GC‐MS analysis, other six monohydroxylation products of ZEN were formed as minor metabolites, together with α‐and β‐zearalenol and monohydroxylated zearalenols. Thus, ZEN has a considerable propensity for undergoing metabolic hydroxylation reactions in vitro, and the in vivo formation and biological properties of such oxidative metabolites should now be studied.
Oxidation products of stigmasterol interfere with the action of the female sex hormone 17β‐estradiol in cultured human breast and endometrium cell lines
Authors: Newill Heike , Loske Renate , Wagner Jörg , Johannes Christian , Lorenz Reinhard L. , Lehmann Leane 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPhytosterols are constituents of plant membranes and are thus contained in low concentrations in vegetable products as well as at high concentrations in functional food designed to reduce serum cholesterol levels. Similar to ChOL, phytosterols are oxidized chemically in food and by biotransformation in vivo. Although oxyphytosterols have been detected in the serum of healthy human subjects, little is known of their biological activity. Therefore, the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of a mixture of six oxidation products of stigmasterol (oxy‐StOL) were determined at the following endpoints: (i) the affinity to isolated human estrogen receptors (ER), (ii) the basal and 17β‐estradiol (E2)‐induced expression of the alkaline phosphatase (AlP) in human endometrial adenocarcinoma (Ishikawa) cells, and (iii) the basal and E2‐induced proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7) cells. Oxy‐StOL was able to replace E2 from human ERα and ERβ and induced a weak estrogenic response in MCF‐7 cells. Moreover, the E2‐induced activity of the AlP in Ishikawa cells as well as the E2‐induced proliferation of MCF‐7 cells were decreased at noncytotoxic concentrations (up to 10 μM), indicating that at least one component of oxy‐StOL represents an estrogen‐active compound which might interfere with endogenous estrogens.
Evaluation of 2407 fetuses in a Turkish population
Authors: Ceylaner Gülay , Ceylaner Serdar , Günyeli İlker , Ekici Eyüp , Celasun Bülent , Danışman Nuri 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectivesCongenital anomalies and intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) are frequent problems in pregnancies. Detection of the etiology is important for genetic counseling, and presenting the geographic distribution of the causes of disorders is necessary for a national policy on precautions. Here, we report the findings of terminated fetuses due to IUFD and congenital anomalies in Turkish population.MethodsPhysical examinations of fetuses and genetic evaluations of families were done. X‐ray studies and autopsy were done in the event of necessity. Findings of these studies were combined with prenatal ultrasound results. All cases were classified according to ICD‐10.ResultsThe number of fetuses examined was 2407. Out of these, 1268 fetuses had congenital anomalies. Neurologic anomalies and musculoskeletal system malformations were the most frequent disorders. Specific diagnoses were possible in 64% of all multiple malformation syndromes.Abnormal findings were detected in 18.8% of IUFD fetuses. Nine percent had congenital anomalies and 5.2% had cord complications. The percentage of twins and triplets was 7.5% and 13% of them had anomalies.ConclusionPostmortem evaluation is useful to detect findings necessary for genetic counseling. Our protocol is effective especially in fetuses with congenital anomalies but it can detect only some of the fetal reasons in IUFD cases. A more detailed protocol is needed to investigate IUFD cases. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis and prenatal imaging features of fetal monosomy 1p36
Authors: Lissauer D. , Larkins S. A. , Sharif S. , MacPherson L. , Rhodes C. , Kilby M. D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDeletion of the distal end of the short arm of chromosome 1 (1p36) is thought to be a common terminal chromosomal deletion. However, few cases prospectively diagnosed prenatally have been reported. In this case, prenatal ultrasound at 21 weeks of gestation noted the fetus to have mild ventriculomegaly (Vhanterior = 11 mm and Vhposterior = 12 mm) and increased nuchal edema (6 mm). Maternal serum α‐fetoprotein was normal unlike in a majority of previously described cases. The prenatal ultrasound features were further clarified with fetal MRI. Chromosome analysis following amniocentesis demonstrated a 1p36 deletion, which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The syndrome associated with 1p36 deletion is well described in infants and is characterized by typical facial features (prominent forehead, straight eyebrows. deep‐set eyes, flat nasal bridge and a pointed chin). Other associated features are neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, cardiomyopathy and neurosensory hearing impairment. This case supplements our knowledge of the prenatal features of 1p36. Identification of this deletion by direct chromosomal analysis can be technically difficult and vigilance is required to improve diagnosis. FISH analysis is an important diagnostic adjunct where the diagnosis is suspected following classical G‐banding techniques. However, in this chromosomal anomaly there remain few characteristic prenatal signs that are readily diagnosed with prenatal imaging. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization
Authors: Jia Yuxi , Zhang Guofang , Wu Lili , Sun Sheng , Zhao Guoqun , An Lijia 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn the reactive extrusion process for polymerization, the chemical calorific effect has a great influence on the temperature. In order to quantitatively analyze the polymerization trend and optimize the processing conditions, the phenomena of the chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization were analyzed. Numerical computation expressions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity were deduced, and then a numerical simulation of the reactive extrusion process for the polymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate was carried out. The evolutions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity along the axial direction of the extruder are presented, on the basis of which reactive processing conditions can be optimized. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry