bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Mortality in Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Outborn Neonates with Late Onset Sepsis
Authors: Meshram Rajkumar M. , Dudhbhate Satish A. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM) is the most devastating complication of late-onset sepsis with incidence ranging from 12.5% to 61.11% with a mortality rate of 16-45.5% and disability rate of 25-50%.

Objectives:
To estimate the clinical and laboratory predictors of mortality in outborn neonates with NBM.

Methods:
A prospective observational study was carried out on 150 outborn neonates with late-onset sepsis and with clinically diagnosed meningitis; and CSF biochemical abnormalities with or without CSF culture positivity at a tertiary care teaching hospital in central India over a period of 2 years. Data on demographic, maternal, neonatal, and socio-cultural factors were recorded and analyzed using a univariate and multiple regression model.

Results:
Distance travelled more than 150 km (OR 1.01, CI 1.0-1.02, P = 0.04), transport duration >3 hrs (OR 4.58, CI 2.07-10.11, P < 0.0001), premature rupture of membrane >24 hours (OR 9.68, CI 2.14-43.70, P < 0.0001), transaminitis (SGPT >40IU/L) (OR 0.93, CI 0.88-0.97, P < 0.003), CSF turbidity (OR 16.70, CI 4.45-62.70, P < 0.0001), raised CSF protein (OR 8.81, CI 1.45-53.34, P = 0.018), and low CSF sugar (OR 20.48, CI 4.18-100.26, P < 0.0001) were independent predictors of mortality in neonatal meningitis on multivariate analysis.

Conclusion:
Anticipation, early recognition, and prompt treatment of maternal, neonatal, socio-cultural, and laboratory risk factors are important to reduce the mortality of devastating complication of late-onset sepsis.
Histopathologic Spectrum and Clinicopathologic Concordance of Pediatric Skin Biopsies: 18-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ndukwe Chinedu O. , Eziagu Uchechukwu B. , Eni Anthony O. , Nnamani Christian S. , Alexander Amuche K. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Many studies have evaluated the spectrum of pediatric skin disorders in outpatient, inpatient, and emergency settings in different regions of Nigeria. However, literature analyzing histopathological data of dermatologic diseases in children undergoing biopsy or excision of skin lesions in Nigeria is lacking. The present study was aimed at determining the spectrum, frequency, and clinicopathologic diagnostic concordance of pediatric dermatopathological lesions at a tertiary care hospital in southeast Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective cross-sectional study undertaken at the department of Histopathology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi. All pediatric (up to 18 years old) skin biopsies received at the department of Histopathology, NAUTH, Nnewi over an 18-year period from January 2004 to December 2021 were included in the study. Relevant clinical and demographic data had been collected from the request forms. For ease of analysis and comparison with other skin studies, the skin lesions were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth revision (ICD-10) (2019), for disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

Results:
Pediatric skin biopsies constituted 20.2% of all the skin biopsies received at our laboratory during the study period, with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The initial clinical diagnosis was concordant with histopathologic diagnosis in 88 out of 189 cases (46.6%). Forty-nine percent of biopsies/excisions were performed in the head and neck area. The most common diagnostic categories, in decreasing order of size, were neoplasms, disorders of skin appendages, papulosquamous disorders, and infections. Only about a quarter of neoplasms were malignant.

Conclusion:
Our study has documented the importance of histopathology as a gold standard in the diagnosis and management of skin lesions. Improved training of primary care physicians and closer cooperation between pediatricians, dermatologists, and pediatric surgeons will increase the chances of accurate diagnosis.
Transition from Morphocytochemical Diagnosis to Immunophenotypic Diagnosis of Acute Leukemia: A Flow Cytometry Experience from Southern Odisha
Authors: Patnaik Chaitali , Purohit Prasanta , Behera Samira K. , Pradhan Swayamprabha 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
In today’s generation of targeted therapy, traditional reporting of acute leukemia by morphology using the FAB system of classification has limited uses due to a lack of standardization and use in risk stratification. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has gained popularity due to its influence on the treatment and prognosis of the disease. The present study evaluates the judicious application of flow cytometry as an adjunct to morphocytochemical assessment in all newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia in Southern Odisha.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 61 cases were subjected to complete blood count analysis, peripheral smear examination, bone marrow study, cytochemistry, and those suspected of leukemia underwent flow cytometry analysis using BD FACS CANTO II as per manufacturer’s instructions.

Results:
Out of 61 cases of acute leukemia diagnosed, 35 were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and 24 were acute myeloid leukemia. There was 96.7% correlation between diagnosis by cytomorphology and flow cytometry. Seven cases showed aberrant expression of various antigens. Two cases of acute leukemia on cytomorphology were diagnosed as hematogones and the other as reactive lymphocytosis on flow cytometry.

Conclusion:
Although morphologic FAB diagnosis is still widely used to classify acute leukemia, flow cytometry has more specificity and should be used as an adjunct to morphology. Along with subclassification of leukemia, flow cytometry can also detect the possibility of an associated genetic abnormality.
Evaluation of short and ultra-short dental implants in challenging clinical situations of resorbed ridges: A narrative review
Authors: Goswami Roma , Trivedi Anshul , Kumar Ayush 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dental implant treatment has gained widespread acceptance as a reliable method for replacing lost teeth. Nevertheless, the favorable outcome of implant therapy hinges on having adequate bone quality and quantity. Individuals with restricted bone height or density pose a unique challenge for implant placement. Short and ultra-short dental implants offer an alternative solution for such patients, as they necessitate less vertical bone height and can mitigate the necessity for supplementary bone augmentation procedures.

Aim:
This narrative review was conducted to understand the different types of short and ultra-short implants, their indications and contraindications, and their prosthetic considerations, summarizing the current literature on the clinical outcomes, success rates, and potential complications.

Methods:
Research publications were searched on search engines such as EBSCO, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases, and the articles published from January 1988 to December 2022 with terms such as “short implants, ultra-short implants, atrophic ridge, and alveolar ridge augmentation” were collected.

Results:
A total of 10 articles were collected, and they were further used to formulate this review. Despite their constraints, short and ultra-short implants have demonstrated comparable clinical results to conventional implants in specific scenarios and provide several advantages, such as reduced surgical time, lower costs, and decreased risk of anatomical complications.

Discussion:
Short and ultra-short dental implants are used when regular ones are not feasible. They increase stability by enhancing bone contact. They work well for various dental prostheses, especially for those who cannot use removable options. While not recommended for everyone, they can be successful in many cases. Factors such as implant shape, surgical technique, and prosthetic considerations play a key role in their success. Studies show high survival rates for short implants, making them a reliable choice for specific situations. They offer a less invasive and cost-effective alternative in challenging cases.

Conclusion:
As technology and designs continue to advance, the adoption of short and ultra-short implants is expected to see a rise in implant dentistry. It is imperative to exercise careful patient selection, comprehensive treatment planning, and precise execution of both surgical and prosthetic techniques for the successful implementation of implant therapy with short and ultra-short implants.
Canine tooth dimorphism as an aid in establishing sex identity in the Kashmiri population
Authors: Abbas Rezhat , Shah Zeenat , Dar Mohammad Shafi , Latoo Suhail Hamid 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Teeth are an excellent source for genetic and forensic studies. Teeth exhibit minimum morphological change and are easy to inspect. Because of their resistance to fire and bacterial breakdown, they are useful for forensic identification. Tooth dimension can be employed to determine age and gender. “Sexual dimorphism” means distinctions in height, stature, and appearance between men and women that can be used in dental identification.

Aim:
With this background, a study was conducted to figure out canine tooth dimorphism as an aid in sex determination among the Kashmiri population.

Materials and Methods:
A hospital-based retrospective study was undertaken on the Kashmiri people. The casts were picked from the Government Dental College and Hospital Srinagar’s Postgraduate Department of Orthodontics. A total of 100 casts were chosen (50 each from men and women). The mesiodistal diameter of maxillary and mandibular canines was measured with a digital vernier caliper. The measurements were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and statistical analysis was performed to determine gender differences.

Results:
Males and females have considerably varied maxillary and mandibular canine mesiodistal proportions. However, data regarding sexual dimorphism in mandibular right canines were fairly stable.

Conclusion:
According to the findings of this study, males had greater mean mesiodistal dimensions than females.
Research on the Technical and Economic Development of Large Megawatt Wind Turbines Based on Medium-Voltage Electrical System
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Rui , Chen Chen 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: With the advent of the "bidding era" and "parity era" in the wind power market, the competition of the whole machine factory is becoming more and more fierce, and the capacity of the single fan is getting larger and larger, which becomes the key to the design of the fan electrical system of the large-capacity unit (5.XMW or more). At present, the low-voltage wind power system (690V,1140V) is the common solution for wind turbines. However, due to the limitation of the cable section of low-voltage electrical system and the increase of the rated current of the generator, the increase of the capacity of a single machine makes more cables from the generator side to the grid, and the cost also increases.
OBJECTIVES: Aiming at the future large megawatt wind power market, the medium voltage Doubly-Fed electrical system solution is proposed to increase the higher generation and electricity income of wind farms and reduce the manufacturing cost of wind farms.
METHODS: The technology and economy of medium voltage and low voltage electrical system are compared.
RESULTS: With the gradual increase of single capacity, the economy of medium pressure wind power generation system is getting better and better, and the higher the height of the tower, the better the economy. At the same time, the reduction of the rated current of the generator brings about the reduction of line loss and the increase of power generation. The number of cables is greatly reduced, and the construction cost and difficulty of cable laying will be greatly reduced.
CONCLUSION: In response to the technical trend of large-capacity wind turbines in the future, the medium-voltage wind power generation system has a good application prospect, both from the economic and technical point of view.
Faktor Resiko Cedera pada Crossfit ditinjau dari Body Posture
Authors: Wiranatha Made Bagus Krishna , Putra Putu Yudi Pramana , Saraswati Putu Ayu Sita 
Published: April 2024

Crossfit is a sport that focuses on functional movements in everyday life with a mixture of various types of exercises with competitive and high intensity quickly and successively with limited rest time. High intensity exercise will put a very high risk of injury. To reduce this risk, it is important for practitioners to pay attention to body posture when doing exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for injury to crossfit in terms of body posture. The research method used is a literature review compiled based on secondary data in the form of research journal reviews obtained from databases spread on the internet related to risk factors for injury to crossfit in terms of body posture. Research journals are obtained from Google Scholar, Sage Journals, and springer links. By using keywords namely crossfit injury, sport body posture. Results: One of the factors that influence the occurrence of crossfit injuries is body posture. From several studies say that many crossfit practitioners are injured due to technical errors that cause loading in some parts of the body. Conclusion: Based on some of the literature discussed, it can be concluded that the risk of injury to crossfit practitioners can occur due to body posture and poor movement techniques from crossfit practitioners.
PERFORMANCE, HAEMATOLOGY AND SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY OF RABBIT BUCKS FED SUPPLEMENTAL LEVELS OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Istifanus Emmanuel 
Published: April 2024

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical indices of rabbit bucks. Eighteen bucks were used for the study. They were assigned to three treatment groups with 6 bucks per treatment, replicated 3 times in a completely randomized design for twenty-eight (28) days. The bucks were allowed one week of acclimatization before the commencement of the study, during which they were fed commercial growers diets and forages. The bucks were fed a formulated ration supplemented with S. cerevisiae at 0.0, 0.3 and 0.6g respectively and were coded T1, T2 and T3 respectively. T1served as control. Growth parameters, haematological indices and serum chemistry were measured in the course of the study. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 21, and means were separated using Duncan of same software. The results revealed that S. cerevisae did not have effect (p>0.05) on the growth parameters in the rabbit bucks. This study revealed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not have significant effect (p>0.05) in the PCV of bucks in the study as T1, T2 and T3 all had similar (p>0.05) PCV values of 39.00, 39.00 and 41.00% respectively. S. cerevisiae influenced (P<0.05) serum enzymes but did not have significant effect (p>0.05) on total protein, blood urea, ALT creatinine and glucose. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of S. cerevisiae at 0.60% did not have significant effect on growth parameters and most haematological and serum biochemical indices.
Using GPS and Self-Report Data to Examine the Relationship Between Community Mobility and Community Participation Among Autistic Young Adults
Authors: Brusilovskiy Eugene , Salzer Mark S. , Pomponio Davidson Amber , Feeley Cecilia , Pfeiffer Beth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Importance: Community participation of autistic adults is important for health and well-being. Many clinical efforts and interventions aim to enhance community participation in this population.
Objective: To empirically examine the relationship between community participation and community mobility.
Design: A randomized controlled trial using data from baseline and 4- to 6-wk follow-up.
Setting: Community organizations serving autistic adults in Philadelphia.
Participants: Sixty-three autistic young adults with data on community mobility and participation from a prior study on public transportation use.
Outcomes and Measures: Participants were tracked with GPS-enabled cell phones over a 2-wk period. A spatiotemporal data mining algorithm was used to compute the total number of destinations, nonhome destinations, unique destinations, percentage of time spent outside the home, and median daily activity space area from the GPS data. The Temple University Community Participation measure was used to collect self-report data in 21 different areas, and total amount, breadth, and sufficiency of participation were calculated.
Results: Moderate and statistically significant associations were found between community mobility and participation variables at baseline and follow-up. However, changes in community mobility were not related to changes in community participation.
Conclusion: Health policymakers and providers should consider community mobility as a factor that can affect community participation in autistic individuals.
Plain-Language Summary: Lower levels of community participation among autistic young adults affect health outcomes and overall quality of life. Community mobility is often a barrier to community participation. An understanding of the relationship between community mobility and community participation can lead to occupational therapists tailoring specific interventions and policies that support autistic young adults to engage in important life activities within the community.
Modern American Drama: Playwriting in the 1970s
Authors: Heuvel Mike Vanden 
Published: April 2024

The Decades of Modern American Drama series provides a comprehensive survey and study of the theatre produced in each decade from the 1930s to 2009 in eight volumes. Each volume equips readers with a detailed understanding of the context from which work emerged: an introduction considers life in the decade with a focus on domestic life and conditions, social changes, culture, media, technology, industry and political events; while a chapter on the theatre of the decade offers a wide-ranging and thorough survey of theatres, companies, dramatists, new movements and developments in response to the economic and political conditions of the day. The work of the four most prominent playwrights from the decade receives in-depth analysis and re-evaluation by a team of experts, together with commentary on their subsequent work and legacy. A final section brings together original documents such as interviews with the playwrights and with directors, drafts of play scenes, and other previously unpublished material.
The major playwrights and their works to receive in-depth coverage in this volume include:David Rabe: The Basic Training of Pavlo Hummel; Sticks and Bones; and Streamers;Sam Shepard: Curse of the Starving Class; Buried Child; and True West;Ntozake Shange: For colored girls who have considered suicide/when the rainbow is enuf; Spell #7; and Boogie-Woogie LandscapesRichard Foreman: Sophia = (Wisdom) Part 3; The Cliffs; Pandering to the Masses: A Misrepresentation; and Rhoda in Potatoland (Her Fall-Starts).
Annuities for Lost Household Services Using Healthy Life Tables
Authors: Foster Edward , Skoog Gary R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forensic economists have used Healthy Life Expectancy: 2018 Tables (Kurt V. Krueger, 2020) in valuing the loss of household or personal care services due to injury or death of their supplier. The tables are used to decide how far into the future to project the loss. We focus on two easily avoided errors that may arise in that decision. First, the present value (PV) of a healthy life annuity (HLA ending when death occurs) falls short of the PV of an annuity certain for the healthy life expectancy (HLE), at any positive interest rate. Second, services are lost only during the combined healthy life of the supplier and life of the recipient. The expected PV of the supplier’s healthy life and the recipient’s whole life falls short of either. The paper illustrates the size of these potential errors for various ages of the two people and net interest rates of 0-3%; the errors can be significant.
We provide an Excel workbook at the Journal of Forensic Economics website that allows the user to avoid both errors for calculating the PV of relevant (healthy) life annuities, for any of the demographic groups covered in the HLE tables. The paper gives formulas used for the present values of the life tables.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SYSTEMS ENGINEERING COMPLEXITY: A REVIEW ON THE USE OF AI AND MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Authors: Oladele Junior Adeyeye  , Ibrahim Akanbi  
Published: April 2024

This review examines the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in addressing the complexities of systems engineering. It highlights how AI and ML are revolutionizing system design, integration, and lifecycle management by enabling automated design optimization, predictive maintenance, and efficient configuration management. These technologies allow for the analysis of large datasets to predict system failures and optimize performance, thereby enhancing the reliability and sustainability of engineering systems. Despite the promising applications, the integration of AI into systems engineering presents challenges, including technical hurdles, ethical considerations, and the need for comprehensive education and training. The paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and the continuous evolution of educational programs to equip engineers with the skills to leverage AI effectively. Concluding thoughts underscore AI's potential to redefine systems engineering, advocating for a balanced approach that addresses both the opportunities and challenges presented by AI advancements.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Systems Engineering, Automated Design, Predictive Maintenance, Configuration Management, Education and Training, Technology Integration.
THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON ACCOUNTING PRACTICES: ADVANCEMENTS, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Oluwatobi Opeyemi Adeyelu  , Chinonye Esther Ugochukwu  , Mutiu Alade Shonibare  
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the multifaceted impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on accounting practices, addressing key dimensions of advancements, challenges, and opportunities. The definition of AI in accounting is established, tracing its historical context. Advancements are detailed, encompassing the automation of routine tasks, predictive analytics, and fraud detection. Challenges in implementation, including data quality issues, workforce adaptation, and ethical considerations, are discussed. Opportunities arising from AI integration, such as enhanced decision-making, cost reduction, and strategic financial management, are highlighted through case studies. The evolving role of accountants in the AI era is examined, emphasizing a shift towards strategic interpretation and decision-making. Future trends, including the integration of AI with emerging technologies, continued advancements in machine learning, and regulatory implications, are explored. The conclusion recaps key advancements, challenges, and opportunities, envisioning a future where AI and accountants collaborate to shape a dynamic and resilient landscape for accounting practices..
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting, Advancements, Challenges, and Opportunities.