bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior of large eigenvalues for the two-photon asymmetric quantum Rabi model
Authors: Boutet de Monvel A. , Charif M. , Zielinski L. 
Published: April 2024

The asymptotic behavior of large eigenvalues is studied for the two-photon quantum Rabi model with a finite bias. It is proved that the spectrum of this Hamiltonian model consists of two eigenvalue sequences

{

E
n
+

}

n
=
0

∞

\lbrace E_n^+\rbrace _{n=0}^{\infty }

,

{

E
n
−

}

n
=
0

∞

\lbrace E_n^-\rbrace _{n=0}^{\infty }

, and their large

n
n

asymptotic behavior with error term

O
⁡
(

n

−
1

/

2

)

\operatorname {O}(n^{-1/2})

is described. The principal tool is the method of near-similarity of operators introduced by G. V. Rozenblum and developed in works of J. Janas, S. Naboko, and E. A. Yanovich (Tur).
To Stage or Not to Stage? Direct-to-Implant Versus Staged Reconstruction for Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Siotos Charalampos , Harmon Kelly , Rezania Nikki , Shenaq Deana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Goals/Purpose
Implant-based breast reconstruction remains the common method of reconstruction after mastectomy in the US. An increasing number of centers are now offering direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction, avoiding staged reconstructions with tissue expander placement first. However, little is known regarding the need for revisions following DTI. In this study we sought to investigate short- and long-term complications and revisions following DTI versus staged reconstruction.

Methods/Technique
We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent bilateral nipple-sparing-mastectomies seeking implant-based breast reconstruction between September 2016 to September 2021. We extracted demographic and clinical information for the selected patients. Patients were divided in two cohorts: the DTI cohort, and the staged cohort. Baseline differences among the two groups were assessed by performing non-parametric statistical tests. Number of complications and revisions were assessed by employing chi-square. Logistic regression was then employed to adjust for possible confounders.

Results/Complications
During the study period, we identified 143 patients, 69 in the DTI cohort and 74 in the staged cohort. Patients in the staged cohort were more likely to have higher BMI (mean 26 kg/m2 versus 24.3 kg/m2 in the DTI cohort) and have undergone prior radiotherapy than those in the DTI cohort. No differences based on age, race/ethnicity or comorbidities were present. According to our analysis and within the follow up period time of average 21 months, the two cohorts had similar rates of minor and major short- and long-term surgical complications. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the DTI group had a significantly higher rate of overall revisions (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.23-6.07, p-value 0.01) and specifically revisions with implant exchange (0R 3.06, 95% CI 1.06-8.85, p-value 0.03). Most common reason for reason was asymmetry or contour deformity. However, the DTI cohort had significantly lower charges associated with their care during the follow up period (d=-100,178.14 US dollars, p-value=0.001). Complications rates were similar among the two groups.

Conclusion
An increasing number of patients are now interested in DTI breast reconstruction. According to the results of our study, DTI patients may have increased number of revisions but share similar rates of complications. DTI breast reconstruction is also associated with lower charges, even after accounting for the additional necessary revision procedures. Careful selection of patients for DTI and appropriate education on the need for revisions in the future is paramount.
Use of in silico approaches, synthesis and profiling of Pan-filovirus GP-1,2 preprotein specific antibodies
Authors: Wiśniewski Maciej , Babirye Peace , Musubika Carol , Papakonstantinou Eleni , Kirimunda Samuel , Łaźniewski Michal , Szczepińska Teresa , Joloba Moses L , Eliopoulos Elias , Bongcam-Rudloff Erik , Vlachakis Dimitrios , Kumar Halder Anup , Plewczyński Dariusz , Wayengera Misaki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Intermolecular interactions of protein–protein complexes play a principal role in the process of discovering new substances used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Among such complexes of proteins, we have to mention antibodies; they interact with specific antigens of two genera of single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the family Filoviridae—Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus; both cause rare but fatal viral hemorrhagic fever in Africa, with pandemic potential. In this research, we conduct studies aimed at the design and evaluation of antibodies targeting the filovirus glycoprotein precursor GP-1,2 to develop potential targets for the pan-filovirus easy-to-use rapid diagnostic tests. The in silico research using the available 3D structure of the natural antibody–antigen complex was carried out to determine the stability of individual protein segments in the process of its formation and maintenance. The computed free binding energy of the complex and its decomposition for all amino acids allowed us to define the residues that play an essential role in the structure and indicated the spots where potential antibodies can be improved. Following that, the study involved targeting six epitopes of the filovirus GP1,2 with two polyclonal antibodies (pABs) and 14 monoclonal antibodies (mABs). The evaluation conducted using Enzyme Immunoassays tested 62 different sandwich combinations of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), identifying 10 combinations that successfully captured the recombinant GP1,2 (rGP). Among these combinations, the sandwich option (3G2G12* — (rGP) — 2D8F11) exhibited the highest propensity for capturing the rGP antigen.
Hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy for borderline resectable and unresectable colorectal liver metastases: phase II feasibility study
Authors: Krul Myrtle F , Kok Niels F M , Osmani Harun , Buisman Florian E , Groot Koerkamp Bas , Grunhagen Dirk J , Verhoef Cornelis , Mostert Bianca , Snaebjornsson Petur , Westerink Bram , Klompenhouwer Elisabeth G , Donswijk Maarten L , Ruers Theo J M , Douma Joeri A J , van Blijderveen Nico , Kingham T Peter , D’Angelica Michael I , Kemeny Nancy E , Bolhuis Karen , Buffart Tineke E , Kuhlmann Koert F D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy (HAIP-SYS) for liver-only colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) has shown promising results but has not been adopted worldwide. This study evaluated the feasibility of HAIP-SYS in the Netherlands.

Methods
This was a single-arm phase II study of patients with CRLMs who received HAIP-SYS consisting of floxuridine with concomitant systemic FOLFOX or FOLFIRI. Main inclusion and exclusion criteria were borderline resectable or unresectable liver-only metastases, suitable arterial anatomy and no previous local treatment. Patients underwent laparotomy for pump implantation and primary tumour resection if in situ. Primary end point was feasibility, defined as ≥70% of patients completing two cycles of HAIP-SYS. Sample size calculations led to 31 patients. Secondary outcomes included safety and tumour response.

Results
Thirty-one patients with median 13 CRLMs (i.q.r. 6–23) were included. Twenty-eight patients (90%) received two HAIP-SYS cycles. Three patients did not get two cycles due to extrahepatic disease at pump placement, definitive pathology of a recto-sigmoidal squamous cell carcinoma, and progressive disease. Five patients experienced grade 3 surgical or pump device-related complications (16%) and 11 patients experienced grade ≥3 chemotherapy toxicity (38%). At first radiological evaluation, disease control rate was 83% (24/29 patients) and hepatic disease control rate 93% (27/29 patients). At 6 months, 19 patients (66%) had experienced grade ≥3 chemotherapy toxicity and the disease control rate was 79%.

Conclusion
HAIP-SYS for borderline resectable and unresectable CRLMs was feasible and safe in the Netherlands. This has led to a successive multicentre phase III randomized trial investigating oncological benefit (EUDRA-CT 2023–506194-35-00). Current trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04552093).
Antiretrovirals and Weight Change: Weighing the Evidence
Authors: Wohl David Alain , Koethe John R , Sax Paul E , McComsey Grace A , Kuritzkes Daniel R , Moyle Graeme , Kaplan Lee , van Wyk Jean , Campo Rafael E , Cohen Calvin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Body weight is influenced by an interplay of individual and environmental factors. In people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), weight is also influenced by disease status with loss accompanying disease progression that is reversed with effective antiretroviral therapy. Weight changes in comparative antiretroviral therapy trials differ by regimen, with greater gains observed with the integrase strand transfer inhibitors dolutegravir and bictegravir, particularly when coadministered with tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, compared with regimens that include agents such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate that attenuate weight gain. We review weight changes in major randomized trials of preexposure prophylaxis and initial and switch HIV therapy, highlighting the challenges to assessing the role of antiretroviral therapy in weight change. This examination forms the basis for a model that questions assumptions regarding an association between integrase strand transfer inhibitors and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate and excessive weight gain and calls for more careful consideration of these data when making HIV treatment decisions.
Identification and classification of pulp calcifications in posterior teeth according to dental condition using digital panoramic radiography and cone beam CT
Authors: Gonçalves Poliana Santos , Candemil Amanda Pelegrin , Petean Igor Bassi Ferreira , Silva-Sousa Alice Correa , Pires Cassiano Ricardo Ferreira , Mazzi-Chaves Jardel Francisco , Sousa-Neto Manoel Damião , Gaêta-Araujo Hugo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare digital panoramic radiography (DPR) and cone beam CT (CBCT) in the detection and classification of pulp calcifications in posterior teeth in relation to tooth condition and its location.

Methods
Two hundred and fifty patients with simultaneous DPR and CBCT scans were selected from a dental image bank. For each posterior tooth, its condition was registered (healthy, restored, or decayed). The presence of calcifications was assessed and classified according to location (coronal or radicular) and type (total obliteration, partial obliteration, narrowing, and no calcification). Chi-square and McNemar tests were used to compare DPR and CBCT results, with a significance level of 5%. DPR diagnostic values were calculated using CBCT as reference.

Results
Decayed and restored teeth showed a significantly (P &lt; .001) higher prevalence of pulp calcifications than healthy teeth in both imaging exams. There was a significant discrepancy between the imaging modalities in the identification of calcifications (P &lt; .001), especially for radicular calcifications of maxillary teeth (DPR = 55.2%; CBCT = 30.9%). In the case of coronal calcifications, there was a greater discrepancy between CBCT and DPR in the mandibular teeth (10.7%) than in the maxillary teeth (7.7%). Overall, DPR presents higher sensitivity (0.855) than specificity (0.483) for pulp calcifications detection.

Conclusion
DPR considerably overestimates pulp calcifications in posterior teeth, as compared to CBCT. A higher prevalence of pulp calcifications is related to decayed and restored teeth.
Linking communities and health facilities to improve child health in low-resource settings: a systematic review
Authors: Iuliano Agnese , Burgess Rochelle Ann , Shittu Funmilayo , King Carina , Bakare Ayobami Adebayo , Valentine Paula , Haruna Ibrahim , Colbourn Tim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Community–facility linkage interventions are gaining popularity as a way to improve community health in low-income settings. Their aim is to create/strengthen a relationship between community members and local healthcare providers. Representatives from both groups can address health issues together, overcome trust problems, potentially leading to participants’ empowerment to be responsible for their own health. This can be achieved via different approaches. We conducted a systematic literature review to explore how this type of intervention has been implemented in rural and low or lower-middle-income countries, its various features and how/if it has helped to improve child health in these settings. Publications from three electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed and Embase) up to 03 February 2022 were screened, with 14 papers meeting the inclusion criteria (rural setting in low/lower-middle-income countries, presence of a community–facility linkage component, outcomes of interest related to under-5 children’s health, peer-reviewed articles containing original data written in English). We used Rosato’s integrated conceptual framework for community participation to assess the transformative and community-empowering capacities of the interventions, and realist principles to synthesize the outcomes. The results of this analysis highlight which conditions can lead to the success of this type of intervention: active inclusion of hard-to-reach groups, involvement of community members in implementation’s decisions, activities tailored to the actual needs of interventions’ contexts and usage of mixed methods for a comprehensive evaluation. These lessons informed the design of a community–facility linkage intervention and offer a framework to inform the development of monitoring and evaluation plans for future implementations.
An explicit spectral Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient method for bi-criteria optimization
Authors: Elboulqe Y , El Maghri M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a spectral Fletcher–Reeves conjugate gradient-like method for solving unconstrained bi-criteria minimization problems without using any technique of scalarization. We suggest an explicit formulae for computing a descent direction common to both criteria. The latter further verifies a sufficient descent property that does not depend on the line search nor on any convexity assumption. After proving the existence of a bi-criteria Armijo-type stepsize, global convergence of the proposed algorithm is established. Finally, some numerical results and comparisons with other methods are reported.
Sarcoidosis in first- and second-generation immigrants: a cohort study of all adults 18 years of age and older in Sweden
Authors: Wändell Per , Li Xinjun , Carlsson Axel C , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a lack of studies on sarcoidosis among immigrants, which is of interest as there may be genetic and environmental characteristics affecting immigrants from certain countries. We aimed to study hazard ratios (HRs) of sarcoidosis in first- and second-generation immigrants, comparing them with native Swedes in the total adult Swedish population.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide study of individuals ≥18 y of age. Sarcoidosis was defined as at least two registered diagnoses in the National Patient Register between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 2018. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate HRs with 99% confidence intervals (CIs) of first registration of sarcoidosis in first- and second-generation immigrants compared with native Swedes. The Cox regression models were stratified by sex and adjusted for age, comorbidities and sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
In total, 6 175 251 were included in the first-generation study, with 12 617 cases of sarcoidosis, and 4 585 529 in the second-generation study, with 12 126 cases. The overall sarcoidosis risk was lower in foreign-born men (fully adjusted HR 0.63 [99% CI 0.57 to 0.69]) but not in foreign-born women (fully adjusted HR 0.98 [99% CI 0.90 to 1.06]). The overall risk was slightly lower in second-generation immigrants (HR 0.82 [99% CI 0.78 to 0.88]). Women from Asia exhibited a higher risk (HR 1.25 [99% CI 1.02 to 1.53)], while a potential trend was observed among women from Africa (HR 1.47 [99% CI 0.99 to 2.19]).

Conclusions
Sarcoidosis risk was lower in foreign-born men but not in women and also lower in second-generation immigrants.
Effects of Aloe vera on Burn Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Huang Yu-Ning , Chen Kun-Chuan , Wang Jen-Hung , Lin Yun-Kuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Burn injuries cause severe pain, infection risks, psychological distress, financial burdens, and mortality, necessitating effective care. Aloe vera, a traditional burn remedy, shows wound-healing potential, but its analgesic effects and efficacy with varying burn severity are uncertain. This study aims to investigate A. vera’s effect on wound healing, pain management, and infection prevention in patients with burns. A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL was performed on October 9, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The risk of bias was examined using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (version 2), and the meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects model. The primary outcome was wound-healing time, with secondary outcomes examining pain severity and wound infection. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence for each outcome. Nine RCTs were included in the current study, of which 6 provided data on the primary outcome. Aloe vera significantly reduced mean wound-healing time compared to other topicals (mean difference [MD] −3.76 days; 95% CI, −5.69 to −1.84). Additionally, the meta-analysis of the secondary outcomes found no significant differences in pain reduction (MD −0.76 points; 95% CI, −1.53 to 0.01) and wound infection risk (risk ratio 1.10; 95% CI, 0.34-3.59) between A. vera and control groups. In conclusion, A. vera expedites wound healing in patients with second-degree burns without increased infection risk compared to other antimicrobial agents. The analgesic effects on burn injuries remain uncertain.
Shared struggles, divergent paths: a comparison of grassroots and professional feminist advocates’ communication for social change in Argentina and the United States
Authors: Wagner María Celeste 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Contemporary activism media research, largely focused on digital media's technological and discursive aspects, often lacks comparative studies and tends to overlook institutional or cultural factors in communication for social change (CSC). This study addresses these gaps by examining advocates’ sensemaking and communication praxis in contexts shaped by different advocacy traditions and sociocultural understandings of inequality. Through an analysis of 52 semi-structured interviews with Argentine grassroots advocates and U.S. professional ones, this study reveals similar media assessments across cases yet with different intersectional emphases: class in Argentina and race in the United States. Cross-case divergencies emerge in advocates’ positionality toward institutions and in their representational strategies: While grassroots advocates act as pragmatic agents of change and adopt a flexible communication style described as a “pedagogy of patience,” professional ones act as epistemic experts who offer a feminist critique of journalistic objectivity. I reflect on how these findings attend overlooked factors in CSC.
Crosstalk between Rho of Plants GTPase signalling and plant hormones
Authors: Tian Haoyu , Lyu Ruohan , Yi Peishan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rho of Plants (ROPs) constitute a plant-specific subset of small guanine nucleotide-binding proteins within the Cdc42/Rho/Rac family. These versatile proteins regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell growth, cell division, cell morphogenesis, organ development, and stress responses. In recent years, the dynamic cellular and subcellular behaviours orchestrated by ROPs have unveiled a notable connection to hormone-mediated organ development and physiological responses, thereby expanding our knowledge of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of this signalling pathway. This review delineates advancements in understanding the interplay between plant hormones and the ROP signalling cascade, focusing primarily on the connections with auxin and abscisic acid pathways, alongside preliminary discoveries in cytokinin, brassinosteroid, and salicylic acid responses. It endeavours to shed light on the intricate, coordinated mechanisms bridging cell- and tissue-level signals that underlie plant cell behaviour, organ development, and physiological processes, and highlights future research prospects and challenges in this rapidly developing field.
The trichome pattern diversity of Cardamine shares genetic mechanisms with Arabidopsis but differs in environmental drivers
Authors: Fuster-Pons Alberto , Murillo-Sánchez Alba , Méndez-Vigo Belén , Marcer Arnald , Pieper Bjorn , Torres-Pérez Rafael , Oliveros Juan Carlos , Tsiantis Miltos , Picó F Xavier , Alonso-Blanco Carlos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Natural variation in trichome pattern (amount and distribution) is prominent among populations of many angiosperms. However, the degree of parallelism in the genetic mechanisms underlying this diversity and its environmental drivers in different species remain unclear. To address these questions, we analyzed the genomic and environmental bases of leaf trichome pattern diversity in Cardamine hirsuta, a relative of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We characterized 123 wild accessions for their genomic diversity, leaf trichome patterns at different temperatures, and environmental adjustments. Nucleotide diversities and biogeographical distribution models identified two major genetic lineages with distinct demographic and adaptive histories. Additionally, C. hirsuta showed substantial variation in trichome pattern and plasticity to temperature. Trichome amount in C. hirsuta correlated positively with spring precipitation but negatively with temperature, which is opposite to climatic patterns in A. thaliana. Contrastingly, genetic analysis of C. hirsuta glabrous accessions indicated that, like for A. thaliana, glabrousness is caused by null mutations in ChGLABRA1 (ChGL1). Phenotypic genome-wide association studies (GWAS) further identified a ChGL1 haplogroup associated with low trichome density and ChGL1 expression. Therefore, a ChGL1 series of null and partial loss-of-function alleles accounts for the parallel evolution of leaf trichome pattern in C. hirsuta and A. thaliana. Finally, GWAS also detected other candidate genes (e.g. ChETC3, ChCLE17) that might affect trichome pattern. Accordingly, the evolution of this trait in C. hirsuta and A. thaliana shows partially conserved genetic mechanisms but is likely involved in adaptation to different environments.
The Father’s Love: Collective Narcissism and Defensive Reactions to Allegations about Pope John Paul II in Polish Public Opinion
Authors: Golec de Zavala Agnieszka , Federico Christopher M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recent allegations that Pope John Paul II turned a blind eye to clergy sexual abuse as archbishop and pope have ignited much controversy in Poland. In this study, we utilize data from an original representative survey of Polish adults to examine predictors of defensive political reactions to these allegations. We hypothesized that national and Catholic collective narcissism (an exaggerated belief in in-group greatness that requires consistent external validation) would predict defensive attitudes in the face of the allegation, and that nonnarcissistic in-group satisfaction with national and Polish identities would be less related to defensive attitudes. Using a variety of statistical approaches, we find support for these predictions among Polish Catholics.