bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carnosine/histidine-containing dipeptide supplementation improves depression and quality of life: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kabthymer Robel Hussen , Saadati Saeede , Lee Mark , Hariharan Rohit , Feehan Jack , Mousa Aya , de Courten Barbora 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Mental ill-health is a common and growing issue, affecting 1 in 8 individuals or 970 million people worldwide in 2019. Histidine-containing dipeptides (HCDs) have been suggested to mitigate some aspects of mental ill-health, but a quantitative synthesis of the evidence is lacking. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted.

Objective
To summarize the evidence on the effects of HCDs on mental health outcomes.

Data Source
A systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases (Medline via Ovid, Embase via Ovid, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane) from inception to October, 2022.

Data Extraction
Two authors independently extracted data using a structured extraction format.

Data Analysis
Data analysis was performed using STATA version 17. Random-effects models were used, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Quality appraisal was performed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2.0 tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Conclusion
5507 studies were identified, with 20 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Eighteen studies comprising 776 participants were included in the meta-analysis. HCD supplementation (anserine/carnosine, l-carnosine, β-alanine) caused a significant reduction in depression scores measured with the Becks Depression Inventory (−0.79; 95% CI: −1.24, -0.35; moderate certainty on GRADE) when compared with placebo. An increase in quality-of-life scores measured with the 36-item Short-Form survey (SF-36) (0.65; 95% CI: 0.00, 1.30) and low certainty on GRADE in HCDs (anserine/carnosine, l-carnosine, β-alanine) when compared with placebo were found. However, the rest of the outcomes did not show a significant change between HCD supplementation and placebo. Although the number of studies included in the meta-analysis was modest, a significant mean reduction was observed in depression score as well as an increase in quality-of-life score for the HCD group when compared with placebo. Most of the studies included had small sample sizes with short follow-up periods and moderate to high risk of bias, highlighting the need for further, well-designed studies to improve the evidence base.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42017075354.
Dual Regulation of Cytochrome P450 Gene Expression by Two Distinct Small RNAs, a Novel tasiRNA and miRNA, in Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Hung Yu-Ling , Hong Syuan-Fei , Wei Wei-Lun , Cheng Shiuan , Yu Jia-Zhen , Tjita Veny , Yong Qian-Yuan , Nishihama Ryuichi , Kohchi Takayuki , Bowman John L , Chien Yuan-Chi , Chiu Yen-Hsin , Yang Ho-Chun , Lu Mei-Yeh Jade , Pan Zhao-Jun , Wang Chun-Neng , Lin Shih-Shun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The miR390-derived TAS3 trans-acting short-interfering RNAs (tasiRNAs) module represents a conserved RNA silencing pathway in the plant kingdom; however, its characterization in the bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha is limited. This study elucidated that MpDCL4 processes MpTAS3 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to generate tasiRNAs, primarily from the 5ʹ- and 3ʹ-ends of dsRNA. Notably, we discovered a novel tasiRNA, tasi78A, which can negatively regulate a cytochrome P450 gene, MpCYP78A101. Additionally, tasi78A was abundant in MpAGO1, and transient expression assays underscored the role of tasi78A in repressing MpCYP78A101. A microRNA, miR11700, also regulates MpCYP78A101 expression. This coordinate regulation suggests a role in modulating auxin signaling at apical notches of gemma, influencing the growth and sexual organ development of M. polymorpha and emphasizing the significance of RNA silencing in MpCYP78A101 regulation. However, phylogenetic analysis identified another paralog of the CYP78 family, Mp1g14150, which may have a redundant role with MpCYP78A101, explaining the absence of noticeable morphological changes in loss-of-function plants. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the combined regulatory roles of miR390/MpTAS3/miR11700 in controlling MpCYP78A101 and expand our knowledge about the biogenesis and regulation of tasiRNAs in M. polymorpha.
Hypoxia in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit during ripening: Biophysical elucidation by a 3D reaction–diffusion model
Authors: Xiao Hui , Verboven Pieter , Tong Shuai , Pedersen Ole , Nicolaï Bart 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Respiration provides energy, substrates, and precursors to support physiological changes of the fruit during climacteric ripening. A key substrate of respiration is oxygen that needs to be supplied to the fruit in a passive way by gas transfer from the environment. Oxygen gradients may develop within the fruit due to its bulky size and the dense fruit tissues, potentially creating hypoxia that may have a role in the spatial development of ripening. This study presents a 3D reaction–diffusion model using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit as a test subject, combining the multiscale fruit geometry generated from magnetic resonance imaging and microcomputed tomography with varying respiration kinetics and contrasting boundary resistances obtained through independent experiments. The model predicted low oxygen levels in locular tissue under atmospheric conditions, and the oxygen level was markedly lower upon scar occlusion, aligning with microsensor profiling results. The locular region was in a hypoxic state, leading to its low aerobic respiration with high CO2 accumulation by fermentative respiration, while the rest of the tissues remained well oxygenated. The model further revealed that the hypoxia is caused by a combination of diffusion resistances and respiration rates of the tissue. Collectively, this study reveals the existence of the respiratory gas gradients and its biophysical causes during tomato fruit ripening, providing richer information for future studies on localized endogenous ethylene biosynthesis and fruit ripening.
ALKBH8 contributes to neurological function through oxidative stress regulation
Authors: Honda Kohei , Hase Hiroaki , Tanikawa Sayaka , Okawa Katsuya , Chen Lu , Yamaguchi Takumi , Nakai Manami , Kitae Kaori , Ago Yukio , Nakagawa Shinsaku , Tsujikawa Kazutake 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA) modification is essential for proper protein translation, as these modifications play important roles in several biological functions and disease pathophysiologies. AlkB homolog 8 (ALKBH8) is one of the nine mammalian ALKBH family molecules known to regulate selenoprotein translation through the modification of the wobble uridine (U34) in tRNA; however, its specific biological roles remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of ALKBH8 using Alkbh8-knockout (Albkh8−/−) mice, which were observed to have reduced 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U) and (S)-5-methoxycarbonylhydroxymethyluridine levels; notably, the mcm5U level was partially compensated only in the brain. The results of the novel object recognition test showed reduction in time to explore a novel object in Albkh8−/− mice; increased latency to fall in the rotarod performance test and latency to the immobility period in the forced swim test were also observed. These abnormal behaviors indicate dysfunction of the central nervous system. Furthermore, we observed reduced brain weight and ischemic pathological changes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in the form of weak eosin staining in the fiber tracts adjacent to the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 region and an increase in pyramidal cells in the temporal lobe. Concordantly, we identified the differential expression of oxidative stress-related proteins and metabolites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus using omics analyses. Finally, neurons and glial cells derived from Albkh8−/− mice show reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Collectively, these findings indicate that ALKBH8 maintains neural function through an oxidative stress-regulatory mechanism.
Using Machine Translation and Post-Editing in the TRAPD Approach: Effects on the Quality of Translated Survey Texts
Authors: Zavala-Rojas Diana , Behr Dorothée , Dorer Brita , Sorato Danielly , Keck Veronika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A highly controlled experimental setting using a sample of questions from the European Social Survey (ESS) and European Values Study (EVS) was used to test the effects of integrating machine translation and post-editing into the Translation, Review, Adjudication, Pretesting, and Documentation (TRAPD) approach in survey translation. Four experiments were conducted in total, two concerning the language pair English-German and two in the language pair English-Russian. The overall results of this study are positive for integrating machine translation and post-editing into the TRAPD process, when translating survey questionnaires. The experiments show evidence that in German and Russian languages and for a sample of ESS and EVS survey questions, the effect of integrating machine translation and post-editing on the quality of the review outputs—with quality understood as texts output with the fewest errors possible—can hardly be distinguished from the quality that derives from the setting with human translations only.
Sarcopenia assessed by DXA and hand-grip dynamometer: a potential marker of damage, disability and myokines imbalance in inflammatory myopathies
Authors: Giannini Margherita , Charles Anne-Laure , Evrard Charles , Blaess Julien , Bouchard-Marmen Maude , Debrut Léa , Perniola Simone , Laverny Gilles , Javier Rose-Marie , Charloux Anne , Geny Bernard , Meyer Alain 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the ability of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and hand-grip dynamometer to measure damage in inflammatory myopathies (IM).

Methods
Forty adult IM patients with a disease duration ≥12 months, low or no disease activity for ≥6 months, were prospectively enrolled. Thirty healthy age and sex-matched volunteers were enrolled as controls. Whole-body DXA and hand-grip dynamometer were used to measure muscle mass, grip strength and diagnose sarcopenia (EWGSOP2 criteria). Relationships between the results of strength in 12 muscles, functional tests, patient-reported disability, IMACS damage score, and history of the disease were assessed. The serum levels of potential molecular actors in the damage were measured.

Results
DXA and grip strength measurements took ≤20 min. Both muscle mass and grip strength were decreased in IM patients vs volunteers (−10% and −30%, respectively) with a dispersion that varied widely (interquartile range −24.3% to +7.8% and −51.3% to −18.9%, respectively). Muscle mass and grip strength were non-redundantly correlated (r up to 0.6, P = 0.0001) with strength in 14 muscles (manual muscle test and hand-held dynamometer), functions (of limbs, respiratory and deglutition muscles), patient-reported disability, damage (extension and severity in muscular and extra-muscular domains) and blood levels of several myokines. Seven IM patients (17.5%) were sarcopenic. They had the worst damage, impaired functions, disability and history of severe myopathy. Decreased irisin and osteonectin levels were associated with sarcopenia (area under the curve 0.71 and 0.80, respectively).

Conclusion
DXA and hand-grip dynamometer are useful tools to assess damage in IM. Irisin and osteonectin may play a role in IM damage pathogenesis.
Role of biologics in severe food allergy
Authors: Dinardo Giulio , Cafarotti Arianna , Fierro Vincenzo , Artesani Maria Cristina , Indolfi Cristiana , Miraglia del Giudice Michele , Fiocchi Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
This review examine the dynamic landscape of food allergy treatment within the context of emerging biologics. Our purpose is to comprehensively evaluate the potential benefits, challenges, and transformative impact associated with the utilization of biologics in comparison to conventional therapeutic modalities.

Recent findings
This document synthesizes recent scientific investigations to various biologics, such as omalizumab, ligelizumab, dupilumab, and tezepelumab, providing a nuanced understanding of their roles in oral immunotherapy, rapid desensitization, and overall food allergy management. Recent studies and clinical trials highlight the impact of anti-IgE treatment on food allergies, revealing critical findings such as dose-related efficacy, facilitation of rapid desensitization in peanut allergies, and the sustained positive outcomes observed in individuals with multifood allergies.

Summary
The use of biologics presents a groundbreaking approach in the treatment of food allergies. The multifaceted action of these agents, along with their potential to overcome the challenges associated with traditional therapies, marks a significant advancement. Despite the persisting challenges of economic constraints and the need for further safety studies, biologics offer a promising avenue for improving the quality of life for individuals with food allergies. Ongoing research and collaborative efforts are imperative to fully realize the transformative potential inherent in these emerging therapeutic frontiers.
Active Compared With Passive Voiding Trials After Midurethral Sling Surgery
Authors: Drangsholt Siri , Lleras Cassidy , Kindler Rebecca , Babajanian Maytal , Pollack Bracha , Harutyunyan Aleksandr , Grunfeld Matan , Gejerman Yehuda , Kilkenny Katherine , Bulmash Moshe , Hirani Rahim , Alerasool Parissa , McNeil Christopher , Popiel Patrick , Drugge Elizabeth D. , Grimes Cara 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE:To compare active with passive voiding trials on the rate of passing a trial of void and discharge rates with catheter in women who have undergone midurethral sling for treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through February 24, 2023.METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:Our population included women undergoing midurethral sling, with or without anterior or posterior repair, for treatment of SUI. Our two primary outcomes were rate of passing voiding trial and rate of discharge with a catheter. Our secondary outcome was the rate of delayed postoperative urinary retention, when a patient initially passes a trial of void but then subsequently presents in retention.TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:Abstracts were doubly screened; full-text articles were doubly screened; and accepted articles were doubly extracted. In single-arm studies evaluating either passive or active voiding trial, random-effects meta-analyses of pooled proportions were used to assess outcomes. Of 3,033 abstracts screened, 238 full-text articles were assessed, and 26 met inclusion criteria. Ten studies including 1,370 patients reported active trial of void. Sixteen studies including 3,643 patients reported passive trial of void. We included five randomized controlled trials, five comparative retrospective studies, five prospective single group studies, and 11 retrospective single group studies. Five of the studies included patients with a concomitant anterior or posterior colporrhaphy. On proportional meta-analysis, the active trial of void group was less likely to pass the voiding trial (81.0%, 95% CI, 0.76–0.87% vs 89.0%, 95% CI, 0.84–0.9%3,P=.029) with high heterogeneity (I2=93.0%). Furthermore, there were more discharges with catheter in active trial of void compared with passive trial of void (19.0%, 95% CI, 0.14–0.24% vs 7.0%, 95% CI, 0.05–0.10%,P<.01). The rates of delayed postoperative urinary retention were low and not different between groups (0.6%, 95% CI, 0.00–0.02% vs 0.2%, 95% CI, 0.00–0.01%,P=.366) with low heterogeneity (I2=0%). Sling revisions were statistically lower in the active trial of void group (0.5%, 95% CI, 0.00–0.01% vs 1.5%, 95% CI, 0.01–0.02%,P=.035) with low heterogeneity (I2=10.4%).CONCLUSION:Passive trial of void had higher passing rates and lower discharge with catheter than active trial of void. Rates of most complications were low and similar between both groups, although passive trial of void had higher sling revisions.SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:PROSPERO, CRD42022341318.
The sounds of silencing: dynamic epigenetic control of HIV latency
Authors: Nguyen Kien , Karn Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
This review highlights advances in understanding the epigenetic control mechanisms that regulate HIV-1 latency mechanisms in T-cells and microglial cells and describes the potential of current therapeutic approaches targeting the epigenetic machinery to eliminate or block the HIV-1 latent reservoir.

Recent findings
Large-scale unbiased CRISPR-Cas9 library-based screenings, coupled with biochemical studies, have comprehensively identified the epigenetic factors pivotal in regulating HIV-1 latency, paving the way for potential novel targets in therapeutic development. These studies also highlight how the bivalency observed at the HIV-1 5’LTR primes latent proviruses for rapid reactivation.

Summary
The HIV-1 latent is established very early during infection, and its persistence is the major obstacle to achieving an HIV-1 cure. Here, we present a succinct summary of the latest research findings, shedding light on the pivotal roles played by host epigenetic machinery in the control of HIV-1 latency. Newly uncovered mechanisms permitting rapid reversal of epigenetic restrictions upon viral reactivation highlight the formidable challenges of achieving enduring and irreversible epigenetic silencing of HIV-1.
Humanized mice for studying HIV latency and potentially its eradication
Authors: Hasler Moa F. , Speck Roberto F. , Kadzioch Nicole P. 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of the review
The quest for an HIV cure faces a formidable challenge: the persistent presence of latent viral infections within the cells and tissues of infected individuals. This review provides a thorough examination of discussions surrounding HIV latency, the use of humanized mouse models, and strategies aimed at eliminating the latent HIV reservoir. It explores the hurdles and advancements in understanding HIV pathogenesis, mainly focusing on establishing latent reservoirs in CD4+ T cells and macrophages. Introducing the concepts of functional and sterile cures, the review underscores the indispensable role of humanized mouse models in HIV research, offering crucial insights into the efficacy of cART and the ongoing pursuit of an HIV cure.

Recent findings
Here, we highlight studies investigating molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis related to HIV latency in humanized mice and discuss novel strategies for eradicating latent HIV. Emphasizing the importance of analytical cART interruption in humanized mouse studies to gauge its impact on the latent reservoir accurately, the review underlines the ongoing progress and challenges in harnessing humanized mouse models for HIV research.

Summary
This review suggests that humanized mice models provide valuable insights into HIV latency and potential eradication strategies, contributing significantly to the quest for an HIV cure.
Circulating factors in cancer cachexia: recent opportunities for translational research
Authors: Coêlho Marina de Castro , de Aquino Giovana Parreira , Santos Amanda Soares , Seelaender Marilia 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
To discuss the recent discoveries and limitations of the available literature on emerging circulating biomarkers of cancer cachexia.

Recent findings
Studies on circulating factors in cancer cachexia show promising alternatives for diagnosing the syndrome in a minimally invasive manner in the clinic setting, as well as potential targets for cancer cachexia treatment. Factors secreted by the tumor and the adipose tissue, such as extracellular vesicles and soluble proteins, respectively, have been shown to either directly induce wasting in vitro and in vivo or to be altered in the cachectic phenotype. The detection and characterization of circulating cells allows detection of the precachectic stage and the levels of the soluble immune checkpoint protein programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are correlated with the presence of the hallmarks of cancer cachexia.

Summary
Structural, molecular, and metabolic alterations have been observed in various tissues, revealing the occurrence of sustained inter-compartment crosstalk in cachectic patients. Early diagnosis of cancer cachexia becomes crucial to avoid the establishment of refractory cachexia through the implementation of interventions that may attenuate systemic inflammation and muscle loss. More studies on human cancer cachexia are required in order to address the recently discovered cachexia-associated circulating factors’ value as biomarkers of the syndrome.
Expert Consensus on Classification and Performance in Paralympic Powerlifting
Authors: Rum Lorenzo , Romagnoli Ruggero , Lazich Aldo , Sciarra Tommaso , Balletti Nicoletta , Piacentini Maria Francesca , Boraschi Alessandro , Bergamini Elena 
Published: March 2024

Background
In Paralympic sports, classification ensures fair competition by grouping athletes based on their impairments. The International Paralympic Committee has provided scientific principles to guide evidence-based classification procedures. In Paralympic Powerlifting, athletes compete in one class, divided by sex and bodyweight categories, overlooking impairment impact on performance.

Objective
This study aimed to establish a consensus among international Paralympic powerlifting experts regarding classification and performance issues to guide future research.

Methods
A two-round Delphi study was conducted involving 26 experts. The study sought to identify the adequacy of the current classification and competition systems, explore the impact of various impairments, and lay the initial groundwork for a performance determinants model.

Results
Experts agreed that existing classification and competition systems in Paralympic powerlifting do not align with Paralympic standards. Impairments from neurological conditions and those causing anthropometric changes were suggested to have opposing performance impacts. Initial directions for a performance determinants model were outlined, focusing on arm and bar kinematics, anthropometry, and body composition.

Conclusions
This study underscores the need for comprehensive research in Paralympic powerlifting, revealing critical discrepancies between current classification system and Paralympic standards. Insights into the multifaceted relationship between impairments and performance are provided to shape the future of Paralympic powerlifting research.