bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of low‐oxalate diet on hyperoxaluria among patients suffering from nephrolithiasis
Authors: Aziz Khizra , Noreen Sana , Tufail Tabussam , Ishaq Izwa , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLow‐oxalate diets are useful for treating hyperoxaluria in nephrolithiasis patients. This study was unique in examining how a low‐oxalate diet in addition to a standard diet affected hyperoxaluria and renal function tests in nephrolithiasis patients. The effects of a low‐oxalate diet were analyzed by different biochemical tests, that is, anthropometric measurements, blood oxalate test, renal function test, electrolyte profile test, and 24 h urine analysis. For this purpose, 112 patients were divided into 2 groups: Group T1 (Conventional diet) and Group T2 (Low‐Oxalate diet) for 8 weeks. Each group was tested at the initiation and end of the study. Using SPSS, the obtained data from each parameter were statistically analyzed. The results showed that a low‐oxalate diet had a positive effect on patients suffering from nephrolithiasis. Furthermore, after treatment, anthropometric measurement weight (kg) among the control group (T1) was 100.45 ± 5.65 and the treatment group (T2) was 79.71 ± 9.48 kg. The effect of low‐oxalate diet on renal function test: creatinine (g/d) among T1 was 2.08 ± 0.86 and T2 was 1.17 ± 0.13, uric acid(mg/d) among T1 was 437.04 ± 24.20 and T2 was 364.61 ± 35.99, urinary oxalate (mg/d) among T1 was 76.84 ± 10.33 and T2 was 39.24 ± 1.51, respectively. Sodium (mEq/d) among T1 was 156.72 ± 6.37 and T2 was 159.84 ± 6.31, potassium (mEq/d) among T1 was 69.91 ± 15.37 and T2 was 89.21 ± 6.31, phosphorus (g/d) among T1 was 0.96 ± 0.07 and T2 was 0.34 ± 0.27, respectively. This study demonstrated that nephrolithiasis patients with hyperoxaluria benefit from low‐oxalate diets. Hyperoxaluria patients should eat a low‐oxalate diet to use oxalate without affecting metabolism and eliminate it from the kidney without stones.
The brother's penalty: Boy preference and girls' health in rural China
Authors: Ye Yuli , He Qinying , Li Qiang , An Lian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper identifies the health penalty experienced by girls due to having a brother from endogenous sibling gender composition. We propose a girls‐to‐girls comparison strategy and rule out the confounding effect from the sibship size, birth interval, and birth order. Employing an instrumental variable approach and data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies, we find that girls with a brother are demonstrably shorter and report poorer health. This “brother's penalty” manifests even prenatally. Alternative explanations, such as birth order disadvantages, are carefully addressed and ruled out. The results hold even after excluding gender‐neutral ethnic minorities. This observed penalty is likely attributed to unequal resource allocation within families and potential parental neglect. This penalty is amplified in families with lower income and maternal education, implying resource constraints contribute to gender discrimination. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing intrafamily gender bias for ensuring equal opportunities and health outcomes.Clinical trial registration: Not applicable.
Elevating theranostics: The emergence and promise of radiopharmaceutical cell‐targeting heterodimers in human cancers
Authors: Chambers Claudia , Chitwood Broc , Smith Charles J. , Miao Yubin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOptimal therapeutic and diagnostic efficacy is essential for healthcare's global mission of advancing oncologic drug development. Accurate diagnosis and detection are crucial prerequisites for effective risk stratification and personalized patient care in clinical oncology. A paradigm shift is emerging with the promise of multi‐receptor‐targeting compounds. While existing detection and staging methods have demonstrated some success, the traditional approach of monotherapy is being reevaluated to enhance therapeutic effectiveness. Heterodimeric site‐specific agents are a versatile solution by targeting two distinct biomarkers with a single theranostic agent. This review describes the innovation of dual‐targeting compounds, examining their design strategies, therapeutic implications, and the promising path they present for addressing complex diseases.
Isobavachalcone induces hepatotoxicity in zebrafish embryos and HepG2 cells via the System Xc−‐GSH‐GPX4 signaling pathway in ferroptosis response
Authors: Ni Xuan , Gao Chen , Zhu Xiaolin , Zhang Xiaosong , Fang Yizhuo , Hao Zhihui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIsobavachalcone (IBC) is a flavonoid component of the traditional Chinese medicine Psoraleae Fructus, with a range of pharmacological properties. However, IBC causes some hepatotoxicity, and the mechanism of toxicity is unclear. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the possible mechanism of toxicity of IBC on HepG2 cells and zebrafish embryos. The results showed that exposure to IBC increased zebrafish embryo mortality and decreased hatchability. Meanwhile, IBC induced liver injury and increased expression of ALT and AST activity. Further studies showed that IBC caused the increase of ROS and MDA the decrease of CAT, GSH, and GSH‐Px; the increase of Fe2+ content; and the changes of ferroptosis related genes (acsl4, gpx4, and xct) and iron storage related genes (tf, fth, and fpn) in zebrafish embryos. Through in vitro verification, it was found that IBC also caused oxidative stress and increased Fe2+ content in HepG2 cells. IBC caused depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reduction of mitochondrial ATP, as well as altered expression of ACSl4, SLC7A11, GPX4, and FTH1 proteins. Treatment of HepG2 cells with ferrostatin‐1 could reverse the effect of IBC. Targeting the System Xc−‐GSH‐GPX4 pathway of ferroptosis and preventing oxidative stress damage might offer a theoretical foundation for practical therapy and prevention of IBC‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Chemical sensing of common microorganisms found in biopharmaceutical industries using MIR laser spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Authors: Carrión‐Roca Wilmer , Colón‐Mercado Annette M. , Castro‐Suarez John R. , Caballero‐Agosto Edwin R. , Colón‐González Francheska M. , Centeno‐Ortiz José A. , Ríos‐Velázquez Carlos , Hernández‐Rivera Samuel P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMid‐infrared laser spectroscopy was used to investigate common bacteria encountered in biopharmaceutical industries. The study involved the detection of bacteria using quantum cascade laser spectroscopy coupled to a grazing angle probe (QCL‐GAP). Substrates similar to surfaces commonly used in biopharmaceutical industries were used as support media for the samples. Reflectance measurements were assisted by Multivariate Analysis (MVA) to assemble a powerful spectroscopic technique with classification and identification resources. The species analyzed, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Micrococcus luteus, were used to challenge the technique's capability to discriminate from microorganisms of the same family. Principal Components Analysis and Partial Least Squares‐Discriminant Analysis differentiated between the bacterial species, using QCL‐GAP‐MVA as the reference. Spectral differences in the bacterial membrane were used to determine if these microorganisms were present in the samples analyzed. Results herein provided effective discrimination for the bacteria under study with high sensitivity and specificity.
A simple, sensitive, and selective colorimetric chemosensor for sequential determination of dual analytes, Ce3+, H2PO4−, and its applications in the logic gate construction and the system of keypad lock
Authors: Tavallali Hossein , Parhami Abolfath , Salami Maryam Sadat , Karimi Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSodium (E)‐3‐hydroxy‐4‐((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐yl)diazenyl)naphthalene‐1‐sulfonate (Calcon, CAL), is employed for the first time as a reversible colorimetric chemosensor to detect and measure Ce3+ and H2PO4− sequentially in the aqueous medium. The detection process has two steps. The interaction of CAL and Ce3+ in the first step with a noticeable color shift from purple to blue. Further, the reaction between CAL‐Ce3+ and H2PO4− shows a clear color return from blue back to initial purple similar to that for CAL. The UV–visible examination of this color return reveals that H2PO4− removes Ce3+ and restores CAL content. The results showed that CAL and CAL‐Ce3+ had a strong binding affinity and adequate detection limits for the Ce3+ and H2PO4−, respectively. For Ce3+, the linear range and detection limit are 1.20 × 10−6‐1.02 × 10−4 and 2.0 × 10−7molL−1, while for H2PO4−, they are 2.0 × 10−7‐8.7 × 10−6 and 3.0 × 10−8 molL−1. Finally, we measured these two ions in real samples using this methodology. Furthermore, the examination of the suggested receptor's logical behavior revealed that it can operate as a colorimetric chemosensor of the INHIBIT type, receiving chemical inputs and producing a UV–visible absorbance signal as the output. If Ce3+ and H2PO4− inputs are added in proper order, the receptor may also function as a molecular “keypad lock.”
Autonomic function and specific right atrial functions – Is there a relationship? Correlations from the three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiographic MAGYAR‐Healthy Study
Authors: Nemes Attila , Kormányos Árpád , Orosz Andrea , Ambrus Nóra , Várkonyi Tamás T. , Lengyel Csaba 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionSimilarly to the ventricles, the atria are under sympathetic/parasympathetic neural regulation. Accordingly, correlations were investigated between Ewing's standard cardiovascular reflex tests (SCRTs) and three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)‐derived right atrial (RA) volumes and strains in healthy subjects.Materials and MethodsThe study comprised 45 healthy adults, but 5 subjects were excluded due to inferior image quality for 3DSTE‐derived RA assessments. The remaining 40 individuals being in sinus rhythm had a mean age of 35.1 ± 3.5 years (20 men). Two‐dimensional, Doppler, 3DSTE and SCRTs were performed in all cases.ResultsRA maximum volume and total and passive RA stroke volumes correlated with the Valsalva ratio. Active RA stroke volume and emptying fraction showed correlations with 30/15 ratio. Peak global and mean segmental RA circumferential (CS) and longitudinal strains (LS) showed correlation with the Valsalva ratio. At atrial contraction, global RA‐LS and mean segmental RA‐CS showed correlations with the Valsalva ratio. Moreover, mean segmental RA‐CS correlated with 30/15 ratio and mean segmental RA radial strain showed correlations with systolic blood pressure in response to standing. Autonomic neuropathy score correlated with peak global RA‐LS.ConclusionsAutonomic function parameters have significant associations with specific RA functions in healthy adults, making the latter possible indicators of autonomic dysregulation.
Quantitative evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage for the treatment of severeMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children—A new complementary index: Bronchial Insufflation Sign Score
Authors: Gao Jin , Wu R. , Zhang Y. J. , Xu X. , Sa R. N. , Li X. A. , Liu C. Y. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the value of Broncoplasma Insufflation Sign in lung ultrasound signs in assessing the efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage in severeMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children.MethodsForty‐seven children with severeMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia were treated with medication and bronchial lavage. Laboratory and imaging results were collected, and lung ultrasonography was performed before bronchoalveolar lavage and 1, 3, and 7 days after lavage to record changes in Bronchial Insufflation Sign and changes in the extent of solid lung lesions. Factors affecting the effectiveness of bronchoalveolar lavage were analyzed using logistic regression and other factors.ResultsBronchial Insufflation Sign Score and the extent of lung solid lesions were the factors affecting the effectiveness of bronchoalveolar lavage treatment. The smaller the area of lung solid lesions and the higher the Bronchial Insufflation Sign Score, the more effective the results of bronchoalveolar lavage treatment were, and the difference was statistically significant, with a difference ofp < 0.05. The Bronchial Insufflation Sign Score had the highest sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of the efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage treatment in the first 7 days after the treatment.ConclusionBronchial Insufflation Sign Score combined with the extent of solid lung lesions can assess the efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of severeMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children; lung ultrasound is a timely and effective means of assessing the efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage.
Apoptotic vesicles are required to repair DNA damage and suppress premature cellular senescence
Authors: Huang Zhiqing , Zhuang Yuzhi , Li Wenwen , Ma Mingchen , Lei Fangcao , Qu Yan , Li Jiaqi , Luo Huigen , Li Changzheng , Lu Lu , Ma Lan , Zhang Xiao , Kou Xiaoxing , Jiang Linjia , Mao Xueli , Shi Songtao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is well known that DNA damage can cause apoptosis. However, whether apoptosis and its metabolites contribute to DNA repair is largely unknown. In this study, we found that apoptosis‐deficient Fasmut and Bim−/− mice show significantly elevated DNA damage and premature cellular senescence, along with a significantly reduced number of 16,000 g apoptotic vesicles (apoVs). Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)‐derived 16,000 g apoVs rescued the DNA damage and premature senescence in Fasmut and Bim−/− mice. Moreover, a sublethal dose of radiation exposure caused more severe DNA damage, reduced survival rate, and loss of body weight in Fasmut mice than in wild‐type mice, which can be recovered by the infusion of MSC‐apoVs. Mechanistically, we showed that apoptosis can assemble multiple nuclear DNA repair enzymes, such as the full‐length PARP1, into 16,000 g apoVs. These DNA repair components are directly transferred by 16,000 g apoVs to recipient cells, leading to the rescue of DNA damage and elimination of senescent cells. Finally, we showed that embryonic stem cell‐derived 16,000 g apoVs have superior DNA repair capacity due to containing a high level of nuclear DNA repair enzymes to rescue lethal dose‐irradiated mice. This study uncovers a previously unknown role of 16,000 g apoVs in safeguarding tissues from DNA damage and demonstrates a strategy for using stem cell‐derived apoVs to ameliorate irradiation‐induced DNA damage.
AI Applications to Breast MRI: Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Lo Gullo Roberto , Brunekreef Joren , Marcus Eric , Han Lynn K. , Eskreis‐Winkler Sarah , Thakur Sunitha B. , Mann Ritse , Groot Lipman Kevin , Teuwen Jonas , Pinker Katja 
Published: April 2024

In breast imaging, there is an unrelenting increase in the demand for breast imaging services, partly explained by continuous expanding imaging indications in breast diagnosis and treatment. As the human workforce providing these services is not growing at the same rate, the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in breast imaging has gained significant momentum to maximize workflow efficiency and increase productivity while concurrently improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. Thus far, the implementation of AI in breast imaging is at the most advanced stage with mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis techniques, followed by ultrasound, whereas the implementation of AI in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not moving along as rapidly due to the complexity of MRI examinations and fewer available dataset. Nevertheless, there is persisting interest in AI‐enhanced breast MRI applications, even as the use of and indications of breast MRI continue to expand. This review presents an overview of the basic concepts of AI imaging analysis and subsequently reviews the use cases for AI‐enhanced MRI interpretation, that is, breast MRI triaging and lesion detection, lesion classification, prediction of treatment response, risk assessment, and image quality. Finally, it provides an outlook on the barriers and facilitators for the adoption of AI in breast MRI.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 6
Evaluation of the effect of small single intravenous dose of amiodarone on the prevention of arrhythmias in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Azemati Simin , Dehghanpisheh Laleh , Vatankhah Pooya , Khademi Saeed , Ghazinour Mohammad , Eghdami Sima 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia after cardiac surgery causing a range of clinical symptoms and treatments that develop in around one‐third of coronary artery bypass surgery patients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Amiodarone in preventing arrhythmia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.MethodIn this double‐blind randomized clinical trial, 60 patients candidate for coronary artery bypass surgery above the age of 18 were included and randomly divided into two groups of intervention, receiving an infusion of Amiodarone (3 mg/kg) 10 min (in 100 cc Normal saline) before declamping of the aorta, and a control group, receiving 100 cc of saline 10 min before declamping of the aorta. The patient's demographic, clinical features, and hospital and clinical course were recorded.ResultsAfter undergoing operation, 22 (36.67%) of patients were developed arrhythmia. The Amiodarone group demonstrated significantly lower reperfusion ventricular fibrillation (RVF) rates (26.7% vs. 70%; p = .001) and AF occurrence (13.3% vs. 60%; p < .001) during the initial 24 h after surgery compared to the placebo group. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the need for D/C shock after removing the aortic clamp. (p = .117) Furthermore, the intensive care unit stay among the amiodaron group was significantly lower than the control group (2.43 vs. 3.07 days; p = .013).ConclusionThe predictive properties in the administration of single intravenous low‐dose Amiodarone 10 min before the declamping of the aorta can significantly lower the rates of RVF and AF after coronary artery bypass grafting, while also decreasing hospitalization duration.
Mid‐term outcomes of delivery catheter‐based and stylet‐based right ventricular septal pacing: Follow‐up results from a multicenter, prospective, randomized study
Authors: Tsurumi Naoki , Naruse Yoshihisa , Kurebayashi Nobutake , Morikawa Shuji , Sano Makoto , Shiozawa Tomoyuki , Takano Shintaro , Ogano Michio , Kimura Kei , Miyajima Keisuke , Sugiura Ryo , Henmi Ryuta , Muto Masahiro , Hosoya Natsuko , Hasebe Hideyuki , Mizukami Akira , Iguchi Keisuke , Atsumi Akiko , Odagiri Keiichi , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Inden Yasuya , Murohara Toyoaki , Maekawa Yuichiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Mt FUJI study was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, single‐blind, controlled trial comparing delivery catheter‐based and stylet‐based right ventricular (RV) lead placement at the RV septum. This study extended the follow‐up duration to 1 year after implantation.MethodsSeventy patients with pacemaker indications for atrioventricular block were randomly assigned to the delivery catheter and stylet groups. We compared the mid‐term efficacy and safety between the two groups at 1 year after implantation. The primary outcome was the change in the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the secondary outcomes were changes in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, lead parameters, paced QRS duration, and the incidence of adverse events.ResultsAt the 1‐year follow‐up, no significant differences were observed in the changes in the LVEF (+1.0% ± 8.6% vs. +3.1% ± 8.1%, p = .332), BNP levels (+8.0 [−11.1, 26.5] pg/mL vs. −8.7 [−15.3, 13.2] pg/mL, p = .193), or lead performance between the delivery catheter and stylet groups. The QRS duration was significantly shorter in the delivery catheter group than in the stylet group (128 ± 23 ms vs. 146 ± 17 ms, p < .001). All‐cause death, hospitalization for heart failure, new development of atrial fibrillation, and pacing‐induced cardiomyopathy occurred in seven patients in the delivery catheter group and five in the stylet group.ConclusionThe delivery catheter system was similarly useful and safe compared to the stylet system in the mid‐term follow‐up from the Mt FUJI trial. Further long‐term evaluations are warranted.
Characteristics of radiofrequency lesions in patients with symptomatic periesophageal vagal nerve injury after pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Yoshimura Shingo , Take Yutaka , Kaseno Kenichi , Goto Koji , Matsuo Yuji , Aoki Hideyuki , Sasaki Takehito , Miki Yuko , Nakamura Kohki , Naito Shigeto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeriesophageal vagal nerve injury (PNI) is an unpredictable and serious complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. We aimed to identify the factors associated with symptomatic PNI.MethodsThis study included 1391 patients who underwent ablation index‐guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the CARTO system. The target ablation index was set at 550, except for the left atrial (LA) posterior wall near the esophagus, where radiofrequency (RF) power and duration were limited. Ten patients (0.72%) were diagnosed with symptomatic PNI. We randomly selected 40 patients without PNI (1:4 ratio) matched based on age, sex, body mass index, LA diameter, type of AF, and esophageal location. We measured the shortest distance from the RF lesions to the esophagus (LED) and classified the RF lesions according to the LED into four groups: 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, and 15–20 mm. We conducted a comparative analysis of classified RF lesions between patients with PNI (n = 10) and those without (n = 40).ResultsThe contact force at LED 0–5 mm was significantly higher in patients with PNI than in those without (14.6 ± 1.7 vs. 12.0 ± 2.9 g; p = .01). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the independent factor for PNI was contact force at an LED of 0–5 mm (odds ratio: 1.506; 95% confidence interval: 1.053–2.153; p = .025).ConclusionsThe symptomatic PNI was significantly associated with a higher contact force near the esophagus. Strategies for regulating contact force near the esophagus may aid in the prevention of PNI.