bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Direct Superior Approach in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: van Dooren Bart , Peters Rinne M. , van der Wal-Oost Alies M. , Stevens Martin , Jutte Paul C. , Zijlstra Wierd P. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Evolution of the surgical approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has led to the development of the minimally invasive direct superior approach (DSA). It is hypothesized that the DSA reduces postoperative pain and hospital length of stay (LOS). We aimed to provide an overview of current evidence on clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes with respect to risk of revision, complications, pain scores, physical function, operative time, LOS, blood loss, radiological outcomes, and learning curve.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar, reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension guidelines, was conducted to identify studies evaluating clinical, functional, and radiological outcomes of the DSA. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The review protocol was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews.

Results:
Seventeen studies were included, generally of moderate quality. Qualitative synthesis evidenced accurate implant positioning, short LOS, and a short learning curve. Conflicting findings were reported for postoperative complications compared with conventional approaches. Better functional outcomes were seen in the early postoperative period than the posterolateral approach (PLA). Outcomes such as blood loss and operative time exhibited conflicting results and considerable heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
Based on moderate-certainty evidence, it is uncertain if the DSA provides short-term advantages over conventional approaches such as PLA. There is limited evidence on long-term outcomes post-THA using the DSA. Further studies and ongoing registry monitoring is crucial for continuous evaluation of its long-term outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
How Comprehensive and Efficient Are Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Individuals with Lower Extremity Amputation Undergoing Implantation of Osseointegrated Bone Anchored Limbs?
Authors: Awad Mohamed E. , Melton Danielle , Shaw Kylie G. , Lev Guy , Gaffney Brecca M. M. , Christiansen Cory L. , Stoneback Jason W. 
Published: March 2024

» Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are essential for measuring quality and functional outcomes after implantation of osseointegrated bone anchored limbs for patients with lower extremity amputation.» Using a novel assessment criterion with 8 domains, this study assessed all commonly used PROMs for their efficiency and comprehensiveness.» Comprehensiveness was scored according to the presence or absence of PROM questions related to these 8 domains (maximum score = 60): mobility (15 items), prosthesis (14 items), pain (10 items), psychosocial status (10 items), independence/self-care (4 items), quality of life/satisfaction (4 items), osseoperception (1 item), general information (1 item), and vitality (1 item).» The efficiency scores were calculated by dividing the comprehensiveness score by the total number of questions answered by the patients with higher scores being deemed more efficient.» The most comprehensive PROMs were Orthotics and Prosthetics User's Survey-Lower Extremity Functional Status (OPUS-LEFS) (score = 36), Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) (score = 31), and Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (score = 27).» The most efficient PROMs were the OPUS-LEFS (score = 1.8) and European Quality of Life (score = 1.4).
Physical Simulation of Primary Production in Duvernay Shale – Impact of Thermal Maturity on Oil Production
Authors: Alinejad Amin , Dehghanpour Hassan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Most unconventional wells typically exhibit limited oil production during the primary production stage, primarily due to ultralow permeability of the rock matrix and immaturity of the organic matter. To understand the key factors responsible for this limitation and identify candidate sweet spots for drilling, we conduct physical simulations of the primary production stage in the laboratory. In this study, Duvernay shale samples undergo a single-cycle methane injection process to simulate the primary production stage. We utilize a visualization cell to explore oil-recovery mechanisms under representative reservoir conditions. We soak oil-saturated core plugs with methane at 4,150 psig and a reservoir temperature of 90°C to restore initial reservoir conditions. After equilibrium, we deplete the cell pressure at a controlled rate to simulate the primary production stage. Using two shale samples with different thermal maturity levels, our results demonstrate that methane diffuses into both cores during the soaking; however, it dissolves in oil only in the mature shale sample, resulting in a live oil with a solution gas-oil ratio of 932 standard ft3/stock tank barrel. During the primary production stage, we observe significant oil production under the solution-gas drive mechanism from the mature shale, while the immature shale exhibits negligible oil production. Natural fractures enhance gas penetration into the core, contributing to increased oil production in the primary production stage. Ultimately, the mature shale sample exhibits an oil recovery factor of 25.6% of original oil-in-place after the primary production stage, a remarkable contrast to 1.5% recovery observed in the immature shale. This difference is attributed to the immaturity of the organic matter, insufficient original oil-in-place, and absence of connected oil-wet pore network in the immature shale sample, confirmed by wettability evaluation and rock-eval pyrolysis data.
Enhancing the Accuracy and Predictability of the Oxy Field Optimizer for Dynamic Steam Allocation in the Mukhaizna Steamflood Field
Authors: Gao Chao , Le Duc , Al Qasabi Nasar , Al Mujaini Majid M. , Dornier David M. , Zhang Lei , Lee Paul , Vishwanath Manish 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe main challenge for the Mukhaizna steamflood field is to allocate steam dynamically throughout the entire field, which consists of more than 3,200 wells, to obtain the most attractive reservoir performance forecast. To address this challenge, Occidental has developed a state-of-the-art closed-loop optimization solution called the Oxy Field Optimizer (OFO). The aim of this study is to enhance the accuracy, robustness, and predictability of the OFO. Recent advances include connection design, simulation stability, history-matching workflow, model predictability (blind test), and the optimizer. To improve the proxy simulator, 2D connections between wells were introduced and various strategies to handle convergence issues were implemented. The history-matching workflow has been enhanced by automating the temperature match, multistep saturation tuning, and relative permeability tuning. The results show that the implementation of gridblock material balance check, well equation check, and Not a Number (NaN) value check after line search solved multiple convergence problems. The automated temperature match process is five times faster compared with the manual process, and the automated relative permeability tuning decreased average oil mismatch by 55%. The optimizer now utilizes a parallel implementation of a novel ensemble-based optimization scheme (EnOpt) algorithm, which is twice as fast as the original implementation. These proven advances make OFO an essential tool for obtaining optimal steam allocations.
Retinoic Acid-mediated control of energy metabolism is essential for lung branching morphogenesis
Authors: Fernandes-Silva Hugo , Alves Marco G. , Garcez Marcia R. , Correia-Pinto Jorge , Oliveira Pedro F. , Homem Catarina C. F. , Moura Rute S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Lung branching morphogenesis relies on intricate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and signaling networks. Still, the interplay between signaling and energy metabolism in shaping embryonic lung development remains unexplored. Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling influences lung proximal-distal patterning and branching morphogenesis, but its role as metabolic modulator is unknown. Hence, this study investigates how RA signaling affects the metabolic profile of lung branching. We performed ex vivo lung explant culture of embryonic chicken lungs treated with DMSO, 1 µM RA, or 10 µM BMS493. Extracellular metabolite consumption/production was evaluated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis were also analyzed. Proliferation was assessed using an EdU-based assay. The expression of crucial metabolic/signaling components was examined through western blot, qPCR, and in situ hybridization. RA signaling stimulation redirects glucose towards pyruvate and succinate production rather than to alanine or lactate. Inhibition of RA signaling reduces lung branching, resulting in a cystic-like phenotype while promoting mitochondrial function. Here, RA signaling emerges as a regulator of tissue proliferation and lactate dehydrogenase expression. Furthermore, RA governs fatty acid metabolism through an AMPK-dependent mechanism. These findings underscore RA's pivotal role in shaping lung metabolism during branching morphogenesis, contributing to our understanding of lung development and cystic-related lung disorders.
The Trinity Technique: A novel 3-step approach for debriefing multi-professional major incident simulation.
Authors: Newton Jon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background:Debriefing is typically conducted in clinical practice following serious or unexpected incidents. Instigating these structured team-based discussions can support responder well-being, uphold professional standards and pledge a duty-of-care. Effective debriefing can also promote reflective practice, enable clinical development and reduce the occurrence of psychological trauma. It is therefore essential that opportunities to cultivate the requisite skillset to conduct an effective debrief are incorporated into simulation-based-learning and clinical skills training. Whilst a wide variety of debriefing frameworks exist to guide educators working within this field, most are unsuitable for use in a multi-professional, major incident simulation.

Methods:A novel 3-step major incident debriefing strategy was devised (named The Trinity Technique) and a proof-of-principle study was conducted over a 17-month period on a sample of 208 students studying paramedic science, adult nursing, physician associate and forensic science at University of the West of England (UWE), Bristol, UK. The debriefing strategy comprised of (1.) a Hot Debrief, (2.) a Question and Answer session; and (3.) a Cold Debrief using a newly fashioned debriefing framework called STOCK TAKE. Participant feedback was captured on Instruction Sheets, Microsoft Teams transcribes and handwritten notes. The data was then evaluated to improve teaching and learning practices and instigate future independent research.

Findings:High-levels of student and staff engagement were observed when using the Trinity Technique. Valuable insight into learner experience was gained and the novel strategy possessed a unique ability to debrief institutions as well as learners.

Conclusion: The Trinity Technique demonstrates promise and was effective when applied to multi-professional major incident simulation. Independent research is now required to formally test the efficacy of this novel approach.
Usability of saliva as a reliable and non-invasive sample for SARS-CoV-2 detection in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Samsunder Natasha , Sivro Aida , Hassan-Moosa Razia , Lewis Lara , Kara Zahra , Baxter Cheryl , Karim Quarraisha Abdool , Karim Salim Abdool , Kharsany Ayesha BM , Naidoo Kogieleum , Ngcapu Sinaye 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Saliva has been proposed as a potential more convenient, cost-effective, and easier sample for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections, but there is limited knowledge of the impact of saliva volumes and stages of infection on its sensitivity and specificity.
Methods
In this study, we evaluated the performance of SARS-CoV-2 testing in 171 saliva samples across different volumes (50, 100, 300 and 500ul of saliva) and at different stages of disease (at screening, day 7, 14 and 28 post SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis) from 52 mostly mild symptomatic patients. Imperfect nasopharyngeal swab samples were used as a reference.
Results
Overall, 52 of the 171 samples were positive, with sensitivity of 73.2% and specificity of 81.0%. The sensitivity of saliva samples ranged from 70.6% for 50µl to 83.3% for 300µl of saliva collected. The specificity values ranged between 78.8% for 500µl and 86.4% for 100µl saliva. The overall percentage of positive results in nasopharyngeal swabs and saliva specimens remained comparable throughout the study visits. We observed no significant difference in cycle number values between saliva and nasopharyngeal swab specimens, irrespective of saliva volume tested.
Conclusions
The saliva collection offers a promising approach for population-based testing. Implementing robust saliva-based testing strategies could contribute significantly to controlling and managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Analyzing Quality of YouTube Videos about Premature Ovarian Failure in the Past Decade
Authors: OZVURAL Seyfettin , KEYIF Betul , YURTCU Engin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
To determine the quality of YouTube videos about premature ovarian failure (POF), and variations in quality of professional YouTube videos about POF.
Methods
The selected terms including ‘POF’, ‘premature ovarian insufficiency’, ‘POF, infertility’, ‘POF, symptoms’, ‘POF, diagnosis’, and ‘POF treatment’ were searched on YouTube. Totally, 100 videos each uploaded by professional and non-professional sources were included. Characteristics of videos were noted and quality of YouTube videos were analyzed according to Global Quality Score (GQS) and modified DISCERN scale. The two groups were compared in terms of video characteristics, GQS, and modified DISCERN score. Videos uploaded by professional sources were categorized into two different groups from the first 5 years and the last 5 years, and compared.
Results
The mean number of views was 2961 for professional videos and 2003 for non-professional videos (p = 0.006), and the mean duration of videos was 10 minutes for professional videos and 6 minutes for non-professional videos (p = 0.001). When professional videos in the last 10 years were evaluated, number of views and ‘likes’ were significantly higher in favor of professional videos between 2014–2018 (p = 0.033 vs. p = 0.037). Video duration was significantly shortened for videos between 2019–2023 (p = 0.002). Patients as the target audience dominated videos prepared in the last 5 years (p = 0.001). Professional videos had significantly higher GQS and modified DISCERN score (p = 0.001 for each parameter). Moreover, GQS and modified DISCERN scores of professional videos increased significantly in the last 5 years (p = 0.001 vs. p = 0.023).
Conclusions
Professional YouTube videos about POF had significantly higher quality and ‘like’ numbers, and the quality of professional YouTube videos about POF significantly increased in the last five years. The proportion of professional videos about POF being prepared for patients increased significantly in the last 5 years, but video length of professional videos significantly decreased.
Pattern of Stress in the field of dentistry: from pre-clinical studies to work as a clinical dentist
Authors: Lugassy Diva , Shely Asaf , Zissu Sara , Lahav Rotem Shitrit , Rosner Ophir , Uziel Nir , Naishlos sarit Sarit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Dental education is considered a highly stressful training process that can lead to high levels of perceived stress, anxiety and depression which can affect wellbeing and performance; Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the levels of stress, anxiety and depression experienced by dental students during their pre- clinical and clinical year and compare it to professional dentist.
Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 42 general dentists and 131 undergraduate dental students at Tel Aviv University in the fourth, fifth and sixth year were participated. The psychological well- being was assessed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) which measure the severity of psychological distress by a reliable self- rated questionnaire. Mann-Whitney tests were performed to evaluate the effects of gender on the DASS scores. Kruskal-Wallis one-way tests were used for comparison between dental students in their fourth. Fifth, sixth year of study and dentists.
Results:overall prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 45.1%, 48.8% and 47.1% respectively. Clinically significant (severe and extremely severe) depression, anxiety and stress were experienced by 16.2% (n=28), 21.6% (n= 37) and 20.9% (n=36) of the participants, respectively. Significant differences were found in relation to DASS category (normal, mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe) of depression (p=0.001), anxiety (p=0.011) and stress (p=0.018) in which higher level of psychological symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in fifth-year students and lower levels in dentists, compared to the fourth and sixth years.
Conclusions: High levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were observed in dental students during their clinical and pre-clinical years of study. However, these levels significantly decreased upon becoming a dentist.
Integrity Analysis of Polyamide 12 Applied in Oil Pipelines
Authors: Gomes Italo , Monteiro Antônio , Chaves Erica , Teixeira Sylvia dos Santos , Berry Nara , Li Lan Gans- , Dias Flávio , Silva Marcelo da 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pipes of polyamide were installed in oil fields and, after one year of operation, were removed and analyzes were carried out to assess any degradation and study its use in oil pipelines as corrosion mitigation. The outer layers of all field samples and the unaged sample did not show, in the DSC, any primary peak close to the melting peak. This is due to the extrusion and the formation of different crystalline structures on the inner surface, giving rise to two melting peaks. All layers of the field samples showed endothermic peaks. The unaged sample did not show these peaks. This can be attributed to the annealing process, but this phenomenon does not affect the properties PA12. The results showed no degradation and PA12 can be a viable alternative for oil pipelines, providing savings of more than 50% compared to steel, in addition to operational, human and environmental safety.
Determination of Black Fly species in Kirmir Stream (Ankara, Turkey) and their seasonal distribution
Authors: Başören Özge 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This is the first study on the distribution and ecology of black flies in the Kirmir Stream. The Kirmir Stream is a tributary of the Sakarya River, which is one of the most important rivers in Turkey. To determine the Simuliidae fauna of the Kirmir Stream, 30 studying sites were sampled in June 2022, October 2022, and January 2023. A total of 8853 specimens were collected, and eight species were identified. Simulium bezzii Corti, 1914 was the most abundant species, Simulium petricolum Rivosecchi, 1963 was the most frequent and most common species while Simulium erythrocephalum De Geer, 1776 and Simulium angustitarse Lundström, 1911 were rare species in the Kirmir Stream. Simulium pseudequinum Seguy, 1921 was recorded as the species with the highest number of individuals in June 2022, followed by S. petricolum in October 2022, and S. bezzii in January 2023. In addition, environmental variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, electrical conductivity, and current velocity) were measured at the sampling sites. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyze the relationship between blackfly species and environmental variables for the first time for the Kirmir Stream. Such studies are of great importance to protect the habitat quality of the Kirmir Stream, which is under the influence of domestic and agricultural pollution.
Evaluation of physicochemical and microbiological quality of Srou river in the middle atlas – Morocco
Authors: Roumayssae Damrani , Hamza Essabiri , Issam Damrani , Hassan Abba El 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Morocco faces a serious problem regarding water resources management concerning quantity and quality. This crisis is due to the succession of drought years in the region. The superficial and groundwater resources quality is usually affected by pollution rejected from domestic and industrial wastewater which often contains organic matter, pathogens and chemicals; the leakage of fertilizers and phytosanitary products used in agriculture and the erosion of soils which can also be an important factor whose role is to transport sediments and pollutants. This pollution affects directly the health of the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to monitor and supervise the quality of surface water to ensure the safety of human consuming and protect the health of aquatic ecosystems. This work is based on evaluation of the surface water quality of Srou river by examining several samples taken at six different locations along the Wadi during the following period from August 2021 to May 2022 by measuring various parameters physicochemical and microbiological, including temperature, Hydrogen potential, electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, hardness, alkalinity, nitrite, orthophosphate, sulfate, E. coli, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci. These samples have been analyzed using the guidelines of the water quality assessment techniques described by Rodier (2009) and the World Health Organization recommendations. The results showed a slight increase after each extraction in term of electrical conductivity and water hardness, however all the parameters tested are within the norm and the water quality from the source till station 6 is of good quality.
Awareness and knowledge of elder abuse and neglect among dental practitioners in Southwestern England.
Authors: NIMAKO-BOATENG JOSEPH , Essel Nathaniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
With the population ageing, elder abuse and neglect has become an increasing problem. Most elderly people are retaining their natural teeth and dentists are favourably positioned to detect cases of elder abuse and neglect. This study aimed to investigate the awareness, knowledge and attitudes of dentists in Dorset and Somerset Strategic Health Authority (SHA) regarding elder abuse and neglect.
Methods
Data was collected using a modified questionnaire from previous studies. The questionnaire was posted to all dentists in the Dorset and Somerset area in the year 2005. Demographic data as well as knowledge on elder abuse and neglect were assessed. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were carried out to allow for comparisons.
Results
A total of 380 out of the invited 496 dentists agreed to participate in the study (response rate 78.4%). Most participants had heard of elder abuse (84.7% [n = 321]) and neglect (78.1% [n = 296]). However, few participants had encountered specific incidents of elder abuse (8.4% [n = 32]) and neglect (11.9% [n = 45]). Dentists who treated patients from residential and nursing homes were significantly more likely to have encountered elder abuse and neglect (p < 0.001; chi-square = 14).
Conclusion
Incorporation of elder abuse and neglect into the curricula of dental schools and continuous education of dental professionals will help better detect and address these cases.