bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of source nature and status on the subjective value of information
Authors: Raban Daphne R. , Rafaeli Sheizaf 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis is an empirical, experimental investigation of the value of information, as perceived through the willingness to purchase information (WTP) and the willingness to sell it (accept payment, WTA). We examined the effects of source nature: expertise versus content, and source status: copy versus exclusive original of information on the WTA–WTP ratio. In an animated computer simulation of a business game, players could maximize their profits by making choices regarding inventory and prices. Participants were offered the chance to bid for buying or selling information regarding the weather that may affect demand. We find, as hypothesized, that the subjective value of information does indeed follow the predictions of endowment effect theory. The ratio of willingness to accept to willingness to purchase (WTA–WTP) recorded for the 294 subjects resembles the ratio common for private goods, rather than the intuitively expected unity. The WTA–WTP ratios diverged from unity more often and in a more pronounced manner for information traded in the “original” form rather than as a copy of the original, although even for copies the WTA–WTP ratio is still double. The results yield a value of about three for the WTA–WTP ratio for original information whether the source is content or expertise. Copy information received a subjective value that was significantly different (lower) than original information. The implications for both online trading and online sharing of information are discussed.
Impact of Cis‐proline analogs on peptide conformation
Authors: Che Ye , Marshall Garland R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe β‐turn is a common motif in both proteins and peptides and often a recognition site in protein interactions. A β‐turn of four sequential residues reverses the direction of the peptide chain and is classified by the Φ and Ψ backbone torsional angles of residues i + 1 and i + 2. The type VI turn usually contains a proline with a cis‐amide bond at residue i + 2. Cis‐proline analogs that constrain the peptide to adopt a type VI turn led to peptidomimetics with enhanced activity or metabolic stability. To compare the impact of different analogs on amide cis–trans isomerism and peptide conformation, the conformational preference for the cis‐amide bond and the type VI turn was investigated at the MP2/6‐31+G** level of theory in water (polarizable continuum water model). Analogs stabilize the cis‐amide conformations through different mechanisms: (1) 5‐alkylproline, with bulky hydrocarbon substituent on the Cδ of proline, increases the cis‐amide population through steric hindrance between the alkyl substituent and the N‐terminal residues; (2) oxaproline or thioproline, the oxazolidine‐ or thiazolidine‐derived proline analog, favors interactions between the dipole of the heterocyclic ring and the preceding carbonyl oxygen; and (3) azaproline, containing a nitrogen atom in place of the Cα of proline, prefers the cis‐amide bond by lone‐pair repulsion between the α‐nitrogen and the preceding carbonyl oxygen. Preference for the cis conformation was augmented by combining different modifications within a single proline. Azaproline and its derivatives are most effective in stabilizing cis‐amide bonds without introducing additional steric bulk to compromise receptor interactions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 81:392–406, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Two‐step cell patterning on planar and complex curved surfaces by precision spraying of polymers
Authors: De Silva Mauris N. , Paulsen Jason , Renn Michael J. , Odde David J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractControlling adhesion of living animal cells plays a key role in biosensor fabrication, drug‐testing technologies, basic biological research, and tissue engineering applications. Current techniques for cell patterning have two primary limitations: (1) they require photolithography, and (2) they are limited to patterning of planar surfaces. Here we demonstrate a simple, precision spraying method for both positive and negative patterning of planar and curved surfaces to achieve cell patterns rapidly and reproducibly. In this method, which we call precision spraying (PS), a polymer solution is aerosolized, focused with sheath airflow through an orifice, and deposited on the substrate using a deposition head to create ∼25 µm sized features. In positive patterning, adhesive molecules, such as laminin or polyethylenimine (PEI) were patterned on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates in a single spraying operation. A variety of animal cell types were found to adhere to the adhesive regions, and avoid the non‐adhesive (bare PDMS) regions. In negative patterning, hydrophobic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and PDMS, were patterned on glass substrates. Cells then formed patterns on the exposed glass regions and avoided the hydrophobic regions. Cellular patterns were maintained for up to 2 weeks in the presence of serum, which normally fouls non‐adhesive regions. Additionally, we found that precision spraying enabled micropatterning of complex‐curved surfaces. Our results show that precision spraying followed by cell plating enables rapid and flexible cellular micropatterning in two simple steps. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Versatility of Pentalene Coordination to Transition Metals: A Density Functional Theory Investigation
Authors: Bendjaballah Saïda , Kahlal Samia , Costuas Karine , Bévillon Emile , Saillard Jean‐Yves 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDFT calculations with full geometry optimization have been carried out on a series of real and hypothetical compounds of the type [CpM(C8H6)], [(CO)3M(C8H6)], [M(C8H6)2], [(CpM)2(C8H6)], [{(CO)3M}2(C8H6)], and [M2(C8H6)2] (M=transition metal). The bonding in all the currently known compounds is rationalized, as well as in the (so far) hypothetical stable complexes. Depending on the electron count and the nature of the metal(s), η2 (predicted), η3, η5, η8, or intermediate coordination modes can be adopted. In the case of the mononuclear species, the most favored closed‐shell electron counts are 18 and 16 metal valence electrons (MVE). In the case of the dinuclear species, an electron count of 34 MVEs is most favored. However, other electron counts can be stabilized, especially in the case of dinuclear complexes. Coordinated pentalene should most often be considered as formally being a dianion, but sometimes as a neutral ligand. In the former case it can behave as an aromatic species made of two equivalent fused rings, as a C5 aromatic ring connected to an allylic anion, or even as two allylic anions bridged by a C7C8 double bond. In the latter case, it can behave as a bond‐alternating cyclic polyene or as a C5 aromatic ring connected to an allylic cation.
Amplification of Chirality in Hydrogen‐Bonded Tetrarosette Helices
Authors: Mateos‐Timoneda Miguel A. , Crego‐Calama Mercedes , Reinhoudt David N. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe amplification of chirality in hydrogen‐bonded tetrarosette assemblies under thermodynamic equilibrium is described. The extent of the chiral amplification obtained by means of “sergeants‐and‐soldiers” experiments depends only on the structure of the assembly and it is independent of the methodology used for the formation of the tetrarosette assemblies. The difference in free energy (Δ${G{{{\rm o}\hfill \atop M/P\hfill}}}$) between the M‐ and P‐diastereomeric helices is up to 40 times higher than for double rosette assemblies.
Conversion between the reflectance spectra and the Munsell notations
Authors: Laamanen H. , Jääskeläinen T. , Parkkinen J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA novel general transformation between reflectance spectra and the corresponding coordinates of the Munsell Color System is presented. The coefficient values of the transformation were experimentally determined by mapping the actual reflectance spectra of the chips in the Munsell Book of Color into the Munsell Color Order System and by minimizing the distance between calculated and actual coordinates. The experiment was repeated with a selected set of points of the Munsell Renotation System. Both the Smith–Pokorny functions and the CIE 1931 standard color‐matching functions were used as a basis of the transformation. There is a good correspondence between calculated and actual coordinates of the Munsell Color System. It is also shown that the linear part of the same transformation applied to the basis functions results in one achromatic response function and two chromatic response functions in accordance with the opponent‐colors theory. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31, 57–66, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20173
Color associations with different building types: An experimental study on American college students
Authors: Kaya Naz , Crosby Melanie 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis study examines individuals' color associations with different building types (i.e., residences, schools, official buildings, hospitals, shopping malls, entertainment buildings, restaurants, hotels, factories, and religious buildings) and the reasons given behind their color choices. Ninety‐eight college students at a public institution in the southeast region of the United States participated in the study. Results indicate that color associations seem to be based on individual and emotional aspects where previous knowledge and experience with a particular building type play an important role. The reasons for color‐building associations are discussed and future research areas are suggested. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31: 67–71, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20174
Surface reflectance modeling of real objects with interreflections for augmented virtuality
Authors: Machida Takashi , Yokoya Naokazu , Takemura Haruo 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn mixed reality, especially in augmented virtuality, in which real objects are virtualized, it is important to estimate object surface reflectance properties in order to render the objects under arbitrary illumination conditions. Although several methods have been explored, faithfully estimating surface reflectance parameters for complex objects having nonuniform surface reflectance properties or interreflections remains difficult. This article describes a new method for densely estimating the nonuniform surface reflectance properties of real objects constructed of convex and concave surfaces with interreflections. Registered range and surface color texture images are obtained using a laser rangefinder. In the proposed method, light source positions are first determined in order to obtain color images for discriminating diffuse and specular reflection components considering the object geometry. Surface reflectance parameters are then estimated based on radiosity and the Torrance–Sparrow model. The usefulness of the proposed method is shown experimentally. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 31, 38–47, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20184
Diabetes preventive gluten‐free diet decreases the number of caecal bacteria in non‐obese diabetic mice
Authors: Hansen Axel Kornerup , Ling Fengjun , Kaas Anne , Funda David P. , Farlov Helene , Buschard Karsten 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundA gluten‐free diet reduces the incidence of diabetes mellitus in non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice, but the mechanism is not known. The aim of this study was to examine the possible influence of the diet on the caecal bacterial flora, which may affect the intestinal physiology and mediate disease prevention.MethodsTwo groups of NOD mice from the age of 3 weeks were fed either a gluten‐free diet or a standard diet. Each diabetic mouse, when diagnosed, along with a non‐diabetic mouse from the same diet group and two non‐diabetic mice from the alternate diet group were euthanized and sampled for classical bacteriological examination.ResultsNine out of 19 (47%) standard‐fed mice and 1 out of 19 (5%) gluten‐free‐fed mice developed diabetes (p < 0.01). Mice on the gluten‐free diet had significantly fewer aerobically (p < 0.01) and microaerophilically (p < 0.001) cultivated bacteria in their intestines than standard‐fed mice. Non‐diabetic mice also had significantly fewer microa erophilic and anaerobic bacteria than diabetic mice (p < 0.05). These differences were primarily due to a difference in the Gram‐positive flora.ConclusionsThe gluten‐free diet compared to the standard diet both qualitatively and quantitatively substantially altered the composition of the caecal bacterial flora in NOD mice. Although Gram‐positive bacteria might influence the beta cells through certain digestive products, it is more likely to assume that any effect on diabetes incidence is immunological. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relevance of international consortia in studies on the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes: the role of ET1DGN
Authors: Pociot Flemming 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC), funded September 2002, is a collaborative effort to develop resources for the purpose of identifying risk genes for type 1 diabetes. One of the aims is to establish a renewable resource of DNA on 2500 affected sib‐pair families. Regional networks have been established and in continental Europe, the European Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Network (ET1DGN) is responsible for identifying and collecting families. Most European countries have shown interest in this study and many have started recruiting families. The consortium is open to participation and there are several ways one can participate as a member of the consortium. ET1DGN suggests going beyond the tasks of T1DGC and establishing a well‐organized network for additional and future studies in Europe. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Change in the shape and density of dendritic spines caused by overexpression of acidic calponin in cultured hippocampal neurons
Authors: Rami Guillaume , Caillard Olivier , Medina Igor , Pellegrino Christophe , Fattoum Abdellatif , Ben‐Ari Yezekiel , Ferhat Lotfi 
Published: December 2005

AbstractDendritic spines are morphing structures believed to provide a cellular substrate for synaptic plasticity. It has been suggested that the actin cytoskeleton is the target of molecular mechanisms regulating spine morphology. Here we hypothesized that acidic calponin, an actin‐binding protein, is one of the key regulators of actin filaments during spine plasticity. Our data showed that the overexpression of acidic calponin‐GFP (green fluorescent protein) in primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons causes an elongation of spines and an increase of their density as compared with those of GFP‐expressing neurons. These effects required the actin‐binding domains of acidic calponin. The close apposition of the presynatic marker synaptophysin to these long spines and the presence of specific postsynaptic markers actin, PSD‐95, NR1, and GluR1 suggested the existence of functional excitatory synaptic contacts. Indeed, electrophysiological data showed that the postsynaptic overexpression of acidic calponin enhanced the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents as compared with that of GFP‐expressing neurons, but did not affect their properties such as amplitude, rise time, and half width. Studies in heterologous cells revealed that acidic calponin reorganized the actin filaments and stabilized them. Taken together, these findings show that acidic calponin regulates dendritic spine morphology and density, likely via regulation of the actin cytoskeleton reorganization and dynamic. Furthermore, the acidic calponin‐induced spines are able to establish functional glutamatergic synapses. Such data suggest that acidic calponin is a key factor in the regulation of spine plasticity and synaptic activity. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracranial therapy of glioblastoma with the fusion protein DTIL13 in immunodeficient mice
Authors: Rustamzadeh Edward , Hall Walter A. , Todhunter Deborah A. , Low Walter C. , Liu Haiying , Panoskaltsis‐Mortari Angela , Vallera Daniel A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractA fusion protein consisting of human interleukin‐13 and the first 389 amino acids of diphtheria toxin was assembled in order to target human glioblastoma cell lines in a murine intracranial model. In vitro studies to determine specificity indicated that the protein called DTIL13 was highly selective for human glioblastoma. In vivo, the maximum tolerated dose of DTIL13 was 1 μg/injection given every other day and repeated for 3 days. Doses that exceeded this amount resulted in weight loss and liver damage as determined by histology and enzyme assay. Experiments in IL‐4 receptor knockout mice revealed that liver toxicity was receptor‐related. This same dose given to nude mice with established U373 MG brain tumors resulted in significant reductions in tumor volume and significantly prolonged survival (p < 0.0001). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proved to be extremely useful in (i) determining the ability of DTIL13 to reduce tumor size and (ii) for studying toxicity since diffusion‐weighted and gradient echo‐weighted MRI revealed that vascular leak syndrome was not a limiting toxicity at this dose. These results suggest that DTIL13 is as effective in an intracranial rodent model as it was in a flank model in previous studies and that DTIL13 might be an effective treatment for glioblastoma multiforme. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional variants in the promoter of interleukin‐1β are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer: A case‐control analysis in a Chinese population
Authors: Liu Jiyong , Zhai Xiangjun , Jin Guangfu , Hu Zhibin , Wang Shui , Wang Xuechen , Qin Jianwei , Gao Jun , Ma Hongxia , Wang Xinru , Wei Qingyi , Shen Hongbing 
Published: December 2005

AbstractInterleukin 1β (IL‐1β) is a multifunctional cytokine that upregulates the inflammatory response, and participates in carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. Two potentially functional polymorphisms (T‐31C and C‐511T) in the IL‐1β gene promoter were suggested to be correlated with alteration of IL‐1β expression and therefore may be associated with cancer risk. To test the hypothesis that these 2 polymorphisms are associated with risk of breast cancer, we performed a case‐control study of 365 breast cancer cases, 270 patients with benign breast diseases (BBD) and 631 cancer‐free controls in a Chinese population. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that increased risk of breast cancer was associated with IL‐1β‐31C variant genotypes [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.28 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.91–1.80 for ‐31CT and 1.72 (95% CI = 1.16‐2.54) for ‐31CC], compared with the ‐31TT genotype. Similarly, IL‐1β‐511T variant genotypes were also associated with increased risk of breast cancer (adjusted OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.86–1.67 for ‐511CT and adjusted OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.18–2.56 for ‐511TT), compared with the ‐511CC genotype. Furthermore, cancer risks associated with IL‐1βT‐31C variant genotypes were more evident in older women, postmenopausal women and individuals with a later menarche age. Interestingly, although we did not find significant associations of these 2 variants with cancer risk when compared with the BBD patients, a 1.27‐fold (95% CI = 1.01–1.60) increased risk was observed with the ‐31C‐511T common haplotype. These findings indicate that these 2 IL‐1β promoter variants may contribute to risk of developing breast cancer in the Chinese population. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of box shape on the dynamic properties of proteins simulated under periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Wassenaar Tsjerk A. , Mark Alan E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe effect of the box shape on the dynamic behavior of proteins simulated under periodic boundary conditions is evaluated. In particular, the influence of simulation boxes defined by the near‐densest lattice packing (NDLP) in conjunction with rotational constraints is compared to that of standard box types without these constraints. Three different proteins of varying size, shape, and secondary structure content were examined in the study. The statistical significance of differences in RMSD, radius of gyration, solvent‐accessible surface, number of hydrogen bonds, and secondary structure content between proteins, box types, and the application or not of rotational constraints has been assessed. Furthermore, the differences in the collective modes for each protein between different boxes and the application or not of rotational constraints have been examined. In total 105 simulations were performed, and the results compared using a three‐way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for properties derived from the trajectories and a three‐way univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) for collective modes. It is shown that application of roto‐translational constraints does not have a statistically significant effect on the results obtained from the different simulations. However, the choice of simulation box was found to have a small (5–10%), but statistically significant effect on the behavior of two of the three proteins included in the study. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 27: 316–325, 2006
Plasma membrane calcium ATPase is concentrated in the head of sea urchin spermatozoa
Authors: Gunaratne Herath Jayantha , Neill Anna T. , Vacquier Victor D. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractPlasma membrane Ca2+ATPases (PMCAs) export Ca2+ from cells in a highly regulated manner, providing fine‐tuning to the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. There are few studies of PMCAs in spermatozoa, which is surprising considering the importance of this enzyme in all cell types. Here we describe the primary structure and localization of the PMCA of sea urchin spermatozoa (suPMCA). The suPMCA is 1,154 amino acids and has 56% identity and 76% similarity to all 4 human PMCA isoforms. The suPMCA shares the features of a typical PMCA, including domains for calmodulin binding, ATP binding, ATPase phosphorylation, and 10 putative transmembrane segments with two large cytoplasmic loops. Southern blots show that suPMCA is a single copy gene. Treatment of live sea urchin sperm with the PMCA inhibitor, 5‐(‐6)‐carboxyeosin, results in elevations of intracellular Ca2+ and loss of flagellar motility. Immunoblotting and immunoflorescence show that suPMCA is concentrated in the sperm head plasma membrane. In previous work, we showed that a plasma membrane K+ dependent Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (suNCKX), which also keeps Ca2+ low in these cells, is concentrated in the sperm flagellum. Thus, the sperm head and flagellum localize different gene products, both functioning to keep intracellular Ca2+ low, while the sperm swims in seawater containing 10 mM Ca2+. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 413–419, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.