bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online‐Monitoring of the Enantiomeric Ratio in Microfluidic Chip Reactors Using Chiral Selector Ion Vibrational Spectroscopy
Authors: Schmahl Sonja , Horn Francine , Jin Jiaye , Westphal Hannes , Belder Detlev , Asmis Knut R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel experimental approach for the rapid online monitoring of the enantiomeric ratio of chiral analytes in solution is presented. The charged analyte is transferred to the gas phase by electrospray. Diastereomeric complexes are formed with a volatile chiral selector in a buffer‐gas‐filled ion guide held at room temperature, mass‐selected, and subsequently spectrally differentiated by cryogenic ion trap vibrational spectroscopy. Based on the spectra of the pure complexes in a small diastereomer‐specific spectral range, the composition of diastereomeric mixtures is characterized using the cosine similarity score, from which the enantiomeric ratio in the solution is determined. The method is demonstrated for acidified alanine solutions and using three different chiral selectors (2‐butanol, 1‐phenylethanol, 1‐amino‐2‐propanol). Among these, 2‐butanol is the best choice as a selector for protonated alanine, also because the formation ratio of the corresponding diastereomeric complexes is found to be independent of the nature of the enantiomer. Subsequently, a microfluidic chip is implemented to mix enantiomerically pure alanine solutions continuously and determine the enantiomeric ratio online with minimal sample consumption within one minute and with competitive accuracy.
Role of the Vibrational and Translational Energies in the CN(v)+C2H6(ν1, ν2, ν5 and ν9) Reactions. A Theoretical QCT Study
Authors: Espinosa‐Garcia Joaquin , Rangel Cipriano , Corchado Jose C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractQuasi‐classical trajectory (QCT) calculations were conducted on the newly developed full‐dimensional potential energy surface, PES‐2023, to analyse two critical aspects: the influence of vibrational versus translational energy in promoting reactivity, and the impact of vibrational excitation within similar vibrational modes. The former relates to Polanyi's rules, while the latter concerns mode selectivity. Initially, the investigation revealed that independent vibrational excitation by a single quantum of ethane's symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes (differing by only 15 cm−1) yielded comparable dynamics, reaction cross‐sections, HCN(v) vibrational product distributions, and scattering distributions. This observation dismisses any significant mode selectivity. Moreover, an equivalent amount of energy provided as translational energy (at total energies of 9.6 and 20.0 kcal mol−1) gave rise to slightly lower reactivity compared to the same amount of energy provided as vibrational energy. This effect is more evident at low energies, presenting a counterintuitive scenario in an ‘early transition state’ reaction. These findings challenge the straightforward application of Polanyi's rules in polyatomic systems. Regarding CN(v) vibrational excitation, our calculations reveal that the reaction cross‐section remains practically unaffected by this vibrational excitation, suggesting that the CN stretching mode is a spectator mode. The results were rationalized by considering several factors: the strong coupling between different vibrational modes, and between vibrational modes and the reaction coordinate; and a significant vibrational energy redistribution within the ethane reactant before collision. This redistribution creates an unphysical energy flow, resulting in loss of adiabaticity and vibrational memory before the reactants’ collision. These theoretical findings require future confirmation through experimental or theoretical quantum mechanical studies, which are currently unavailable.
Exploring new quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation
Authors: Ibrahim Basant T. , Allam Heba Abdelrasheed , El‐Dydamony Nehad M. , Fouad Marwa A. , Mohammed Eman R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the present work, five series of new 2,3‐disubstituted quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones 4a–c, 5a–d, 6a–g, 7a,b, and 9a–c were designed, synthesized, and screened in vitro for their cytotoxic activity against 60 cancer cell lines by the National Cancer Institute, USA. Five candidates 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g revealed promising cytotoxicity with significant percentage growth inhibition in the range of 81.98%–96.45% against the central nervous system (CNS) (SNB‐19), melanoma (MDA‐MB‐435), and non‐small cell lung cancer (HOP‐62) cell lines. The in vitro cytotoxic half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for the most active compounds 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g against the most sensitive cell lines were evaluated. Additionally, screening their cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitory activity was performed. Ortho‐chloro‐benzylideneamino derivative 6b emerged as the most potent compound with IC50 = 0.67 µM compared to Roscovitine (IC50 = 0.64 µM). The most active candidates arrested the cell cycle at G1, S phases, or both, leading to cell death and inducing apoptosis against CNS (SNB‐19), melanoma (MDA‐MB‐435), and non‐small cell lung cancer (HOP‐62) cell lines. The molecular docking study verified the resulting outcomes for the most active candidates in the CDK2‐binding pocket. Finally, physicochemical, and pharmacokinetic properties deduced that compounds 4c, 6a, 6b, 6d, and 6g displayed significant drug‐likeness properties. According to the obtained results, the newly targeted compounds are regarded as promising scaffolds for the continued development of novel CDK2 inhibitors.
Effect of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xia , Zhao Xiu‐Zhi , Wang Xi‐Wen , Cao Lu‐Ying , Lu Bin , Wang Zhi‐Hao , Zhang Wei , Ti Yun , Zhong Ming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHeart failure is the final stage of several cardiovascular diseases, and the key to effectively treating heart failure is to reverse or delay ventricular remodelling. Levosimendan is a novel inotropic and vasodilator agent used in heart failure, whereas the impact of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of levosimendan on ventricular remodelling in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies. A total of 66 randomized controlled trials involving 7968 patients were included. Meta‐analysis results showed that levosimendan increased left ventricular ejection fraction [mean difference (MD) = 3.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.88, 4.35), P < 0.00001] and stroke volume [MD = 6.59, 95% CI (3.22, 9.96), P = 0.0001] and significantly reduced left ventricular end‐systolic volume [standard mean difference (SMD) = −0.52, 95% CI (−0.67, −0.37), P < 0.00001], left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index [SMD = −1.24, 95% CI (−1.61, −0.86), P < 0.00001], and left ventricular end‐systolic volume index [SMD = −1.06, 95% CI (−1.43, −0.70), P < 0.00001]. In terms of biomarkers, levosimendan significantly reduced the level of brain natriuretic peptide [SMD = −1.08, 95% CI (−1.60, −0.56), P < 0.0001], N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide [SMD = −0.99, 95% CI (−1.41, −0.56), P < 0.00001], and interleukin‐6 [SMD = −0.61, 95% CI (−0.86, −0.35), P < 0.00001]. Meanwhile, levosimendan may increase the incidence of hypotension [risk ratio (RR) = 1.24, 95% CI (1.12, 1.39), P < 0.0001], hypokalaemia [RR = 1.57, 95% CI (1.08, 2.28), P = 0.02], headache [RR = 1.89, 95% CI (1.50, 2.39), P < 0.00001], atrial fibrillation [RR = 1.31, 95% CI (1.12, 1.52), P = 0.0005], and premature ventricular complexes [RR = 1.86, 95% CI (1.27, 2.72), P = 0.001]. In addition, levosimendan reduced all‐cause mortality [RR = 0.83, 95% CI (0.74, 0.94), P = 0.002]. In conclusion, our study found that levosimendan might reverse ventricular remodelling when applied in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, especially in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, decompensated heart failure, and septic shock.
Emerging use of air eDNA and its application to forensic investigations – A review
Authors: Goray Mariya , Taylor Duncan , Bibbo Emily , Fantinato Chiara , Fonneløp Ane Elida , Gill Peter , van Oorschot Roland A. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiological material is routinely collected at crime scenes and from exhibits and is a key type of evidence during criminal investigations. Improvements in DNA technologies allow collection and profiling of trace samples, comprised of few cells, significantly expanding the types of exhibits targeted for DNA analysis to include touched surfaces. However, success rates from trace and touch DNA samples tend to be poorer compared to other biological materials such as blood. Simultaneously, there have been recent advances in the utility of environmental DNA collection (eDNA) in identification and tracking of different biological organisms and species from bacteria to naked mole rats in different environments, including, soil, ice, snow, air and aquatic. This paper examines the emerging methods and research into eDNA collection, with a special emphasis on the potential forensic applications of human DNA collection from air including challenges and further studies required to progress implementation.
Pediatric neuromodulation for drug‐resistant epilepsy: Survey of current practices, techniques, and outcomes across US epilepsy centers
Authors: Joshi Charuta N. , Karakas Cemal , Eschbach Krista , Samanta Debopam , Auguste Kurtis , Desai Virendra , Singh Rani , McGoldrick Patricia , Wolf Steven , Abel Taylor J. , Novotny Edward , Oluigbo Chima , Reddy Shilpa B. , Alexander Allyson , Price Angela , Reeders Puck , Mcnamara Nancy , Romanowski Erin Fedak , Mutchnick Ian , Ostendorf Adam P. , Shaikhouni Ammar , Knox Andrew , Aungaroon Gewalin , Olaya Joffre , Muh Carrie R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNeuromodulation via Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) or Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an emerging treatment strategy for pediatric drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE). Knowledge gaps exist in patient selection, surgical technique, and perioperative care. Here, we use an expert survey to clarify practices. Thirty‐two members of the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium were surveyed using REDCap. Respondents were from 17 pediatric epilepsy centers (missing data in one): Four centers implant RNS only while 13 implant both RNS and DBS. Thirteen RNS programs commenced in or before 2020, and 10 of 12 DBS programs began thereafter. The busiest six centers implant 6–10 new RNS devices per year; all DBS programs implant <5 annually. The youngest RNS patient was 3 years old. Most centers (11/12) utilize MP2RAGE and/or FGATIR sequences for planning. Centromedian thalamic nuclei were the unanimous target for Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. Surgeon exposure to neuromodulation occurred mostly in clinical practice (14/17). Clinically significant hemorrhage (n = 2) or infection (n = 3) were rare. Meaningful seizure reduction (>50%) was reported by 81% (13/16) of centers. RNS and DBS are rapidly evolving treatment modalities for safe and effective treatment of pediatric DRE. There is increasing interest in multicenter collaboration to gain knowledge and facilitate dialogue.Plain language summaryWe surveyed 32 pediatric epilepsy centers in USA to highlight current practices of intracranial neuromodulation. Of the 17 that replied, we found that most centers are implanting thalamic targets in pediatric drug‐resistant epilepsy using the RNS device. DBS device is starting to be used in pediatric epilepsy, especially after 2020. Different strategies for target identification are enumerated. This study serves as a starting point for future collaborative research.
Reliability and outcomes of lymph nodes biopsy in cT1–cT2 N0 supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hoste Maryline , Van der Vorst Sébastien , Lawson Georges , Nollevaux Marie‐Cécile , Pirson Anne‐Sophie , Bachy Vincent , Desgain Olivier , Hassid Samantha , Delahaut Gilles 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), sentinel node biopsy (SNB) was described as a reliable and reproductive alternative to elective neck dissection for the staging of clinical N0 T1–T2 patients. The SNB technique in supraglottic laryngeal SCC was successfully described in small series. The aim of this study is to analyze retrospectively the results of SNB technique in supraglottic SCC in CHU Godinne, to determine if the technique is reliable and may be proposed in a future multicentral prospective trial.MethodsThe study involved a retrospective analysis of 39 patients who underwent surgery between 2003 and 2019 at CHU Godinne. All patients presented with clinical N0 neck status. The SNB procedure included general anesthesia, 99‐technetium colloid peritumoral injection, and lymphoscintigraphy. The hand‐held gamma probe was utilized for SNB after tumoral resection during the same operating session. Out of 39 patients, 36 underwent SNB as the sole staging tool, while 3 patients received SNB in combination with elective neck dissection.Primary outcome was the 2‐years neck recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Secondary outcomes were the 2‐ and 5‐years disease‐specific survival (DSS). Additionally, sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of the SNB technique were analyzed.ResultsSentinel nodes were successfully identified in all 39 patients. An average of 4 nodes excised per patient. Positives SN were detected in 23% (9 in 39) cases, leading to subsequent selective neck dissection. Two cases of neck recurrence were observed, both considered as false negatives, occurring after an average of 3.5 months. Th median follow‐up period was 48 months with a 2‐year RFS of 95%. Sensitivity and NPV of the SNB technique were found to be 82% and 94%, respectively. Two and five years DSS were 84% and 71.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe results suggest that SNB in T1–T2 supraglottic SCC is a feasible and reliable technique for managing the neck in N0 early‐stage patients. However, to establish its oncological equivalence with selective node dissection, further prospective and comparative studies are warranted. The findings of this study underscore the importance of ongoing research in refining and validating the role of SNB in the management of supraglottic SCC, potentially paving the way for more widespread adoption in clinical practice.
Understanding the relation between socioeconomic status and elementary science achievement: A quantile regression approach
Authors: Barnes Zachary T. , Edwards Ashley A. , Strachota Susanne , Feng Yi , Logan Jessica 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA student's socioeconomic status (SES) has a significant relation to their academic achievement. Much of this work has explored this in math and reading, but less is known about how SES relates to science achievement, particularly in the early grades. Using quantile regression with nationally representative data, we explored this relation in 12,676 kindergarten students (51.2% boys, 52.2% White, 21.8% Hispanic, 12.7% Black and 6.6% Asian) and 10,339 fifth‐grade students (51.3% boys, 49.4 White, 27.2% Hispanic, 9.4% Black and 8.2% Asian). We found less variability in science achievement scores for those high on SES than those low on SES. The scores of the high SES students cluster together on the high end of science achievement, whilst those from low SES score across the distribution. These findings highlight the need to explore what can mitigate the relation between SES and science achievement and where resources to support science achievement are most needed.
The impact of information disclosure on investment returns in the era of internet of things technology
Authors: Peng Hui , Hu Zhixing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of the Internet of Things has brought a large amount of data, and how to efficiently process this data has become an important issue. The timeliness of information disclosure can make the Internet of Things data processing process more efficient and extract valuable information, providing support for decision‐making and optimization. This paper is based on the need for timely information disclosure in the era of Internet of Things technology, constructs the measure of Timeliness of information disclosure and uses such a measure in the five‐factor model to test its validity. The results show that Timeliness of information disclosure can optimize the five‐factor model and significantly improve returns on investment.
ATF4‐dependent increase in mitochondrial‐endoplasmic reticulum tethering following OPA1 deletion in skeletal muscle
Authors: Hinton Antentor , Katti Prasanna , Mungai Margaret , Hall Duane D. , Koval Olha , Shao Jianqiang , Vue Zer , Lopez Edgar Garza , Rostami Rahmati , Neikirk Kit , Ponce Jessica , Streeter Jennifer , Schickling Brandon , Bacevac Serif , Grueter Chad , Marshall Andrea , Beasley Heather K. , Do Koo Young , Bodine Sue C. , Nava Nayeli G. Reyes , Quintana Anita M. , Song Long‐Sheng , Grumbach Isabella M. , Pereira Renata O. , Glancy Brian , Abel E. Dale 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs) are protein‐ and lipid‐enriched hubs that mediate interorganellar communication by contributing to the dynamic transfer of Ca2+, lipid, and other metabolites between these organelles. Defective MERCs are associated with cellular oxidative stress, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiac and skeletal muscle pathology via mechanisms that are poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that skeletal muscle‐specific knockdown (KD) of the mitochondrial fusion mediator optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) induced ER stress and correlated with an induction of Mitofusin‐2, a known MERC protein. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Opa1 downregulation in skeletal muscle cells alters MERC formation by evaluating multiple myocyte systems, including from mice and Drosophila, and in primary myotubes. Our results revealed that OPA1 deficiency induced tighter and more frequent MERCs in concert with a greater abundance of MERC proteins involved in calcium exchange. Additionally, loss of OPA1 increased the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), an integrated stress response (ISR) pathway effector. Reducing Atf4 expression prevented the OPA1‐loss‐induced tightening of MERC structures. OPA1 reduction was associated with decreased mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum, a specialized form of ER, calcium, which was reversed following ATF4 repression. These data suggest that mitochondrial stress, induced by OPA1 deficiency, regulates skeletal muscle MERC formation in an ATF4‐dependent manner.
Conducting atomic force microscopy studies on domain wall currents of Bi5Ti3FeO15 nanodots fabricated by anodic aluminum oxide nanotemplate and sol–gel process
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Son Jong Yeog 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe investigated the local current characteristics of Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BTFO) nanodots on Nb‐doped SrTiO3 substrates affected by their ferroelectric domain structures and domain walls. The BTFO nanodots with a diameter of about 50 nm were fabricated by anodic aluminum oxide nanotemplates and a BTFO sol–gel process. Based on a piezoresponse force microscope, it was confirmed that domain walls were formed in the ferroelectric domain structures of the epitaxial BTFO nanodots. Current changes due to ferroelectric tunneling junctions according to ferroelectric polarizations in epitaxial BTFO nanodots were confirmed by conduction atomic force microscopy. In particular, the domain walls formed in the epitaxial BTFO nanodots formed high currents compared to the currents in ferroelectric tunneling junctions due to polarizations.Research highlights
Ferroelectric Bi5Ti3FeO15 nanodots with a diameter of 50 nm.
Ferroelectric domain structures observed with piezoresponse force microscopy.
High domain wall currents observed at domain boundaries observed with conducting atomic force microscopy.
Extremal spectral results of planar graphs without vertex‐disjoint cycles
Authors: Fang Longfei , Lin Huiqiu , Shi Yongtang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGiven a planar graph family , let and be the maximum size and maximum spectral radius over all ‐vertex ‐free planar graphs, respectively. Let be the disjoint union of copies of ‐cycles, and be the family of vertex‐disjoint cycles without length restriction. Tait and Tobin determined that is the extremal spectral graph among all planar graphs with sufficiently large order , which implies the extremal graphs of both and for are . In this paper, we first determine and and characterize the unique extremal graph for , and sufficiently large . Second, we obtain the exact values of and , which solve a conjecture of Li for .
Social media as a recruitment tactic in melanoma education and protective behaviors in Latino patients
Authors: Greene Adina , Iloabuchi Vivian C. , Stoos Elizabeth , Butterfield Richard J. , Zhang Nan , Mangold Aaron R. , Leachman Sancy , Costello Collin M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundUniversal skin cancer screening for the Latino population is impractical.ObjectivesWe focused on melanoma education by conducting an online education campaign and collected baseline, postintervention, and 3‐month follow‐up surveys to assess sun‐protective behaviors.MethodsParticipants were recruited through (1) social media ads and (2) emails sent to Mayo Clinic Latino patients.ResultsTotal social media impressions were 508,442 and 413,007 in Spanish and English, respectively. There were 18,790 and 11,731 clicks for the Spanish and English ads, respectively, resulting in 175 baseline survey responses. From email distribution, 4151 emails translated to 219 baseline participants. Of the 394 patients who participated in the baseline survey, 89 completed the postintervention survey, and 57 completed the 3‐month follow‐up survey (28 from social media and 29 Mayo Clinic patients). Social media provides a unique opportunity for the medical community to promote melanoma education, distribute content quickly, and provide medical education in disparate healthcare areas. Our Spanish ad click‐through rate was 3.70% compared to 2.84% for English. The click‐to‐action rate was 0.57%, and the baseline‐to‐completion rate was 16.00%.ConclusionsOur study suggests social media could be a unique tool for distributing melanoma educational materials to Latino populations. The click‐through rates for this study were several‐fold higher than other studies' reported click‐through rates (0.4%–0.93%). It is important to develop melanoma educational materials that are culturally relevant and focused on Latino populations that can provide persistent improvements in mitigating melanoma risk behaviors such as sunscreen application and self‐skin examinations.