bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Movement of a Rocket with the Effect of Air Drag Force
Authors: Manzanilla-Granados Héctor , Baltazar Jiménez-Ruíz René , Arturo Ramírez-Romero Tonahtiu , Cervantes-Lara Fabian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, we present a straightforward approach to constructing a simple model of a rocket for educational purposes, modeled as a point particle capable of propulsion in any 3D direction. We began by analyzing the analytical solutions obtained by A.V. Kraff et al [1]. for a rocket moving in a single direction to compare with our numerical results. Subsequently, we implemented the basic equations for a launch, incorporating variables such as gravitational force, a drag force directly proportional to velocity, and, if necessary, other external forces. Finally, we applied the effect of Earth’s rotation to our equations through the implementation of Coriolis forces. We used the traditional RK4 method to solve our equations and utilized various Python libraries for our 3D visualizations. We believe that this type of in-house software could facilitate the development of educational software related to these areas.
Conformal holographic metasurface-based beamforming antenna using a 3D-printed flexible substrate
Authors: Sharma Praveen Kumar , Bansal Aakash , Chung Jae-Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents the design of a holographic metasurface-based beamforming antenna. The metasurface, built on the holographic principle, showcases its transformative ability by converting an omnidirectional monopole into a highly directional antenna. The proposed holographic metasurface antenna (9 λ × 5λ) is designed on top of a novel 3D-printed substrate of polylactic acid (PLA) thermoplastic material having a relative permittivity, ε

r
of 2.7 and loss tangent, tan δ of 0.004. To maintain light weight and achieve conformality, 10 × 10 mm2 unit-cells with a hole in the center is implemented in this substrate. The proposed design is meticulously tailored for optimal performance at 15 GHz having a 14–19 GHz bandwidth, with precise beam at 60° and offering gain of 13 dBi using a holographic metasurface. The presented antenna’s versatility for conformal applications is validated by cylindrical bending measurements.
Disruption to test scores after hurricanes in the United States
Authors: Meltzer Gabriella Y , Anderson G Brooke , Xie Xicheng , Casey Joan A , Schwartz Joel , Bell Michelle L , Ornelas Van Horne Yoshira , Fox Jared , Kioumourtzoglou Marianthi-Anna , Parks Robbie M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quantifying how hurricanes disrupt educational attainment is essential to evaluating the burden of climate-related disasters. Here, we examine the association between hurricane-force tropical cyclones and educational attainment among elementary and middle school students in all affected areas in the United States during the 2008/2009–2017/2018 school years. Educational performance was based on county-level average standardized test scores in math and reading/language arts (RLAs). Hurricane-force tropical cyclone-exposed counties were those that experienced a sustained maximal wind speed ⩾64 knots. We estimated the association between hurricane-force tropical cyclone exposure and long-term test scores using a Bayesian hierarchical linear model, accounting for time-varying covariates at the county and grade cohort level. For hurricane-exposed counties, compared with the rest of the state, there were better test scores in Florida in math (β = 0.14; 95% CrI: 0.02, 0.26; PP[β > 0] = 99.0%) and RLA (β = 0.11; 95% CrI: 0.02, 0.22; PP[β > 0] = 99.2%), and worse math scores in North Carolina (β = −0.16; 95% CrI: −0.29, −0.03; PP[β < 0] = 99.4%). Grade cohorts with more racialized and minoritized (e.g. Black, Hispanic, Indigenous) and socioeconomically disadvantaged students tended to have lower test scores, while grade cohorts with greater shares of students racialized as Asian and counties with more college-educated adults tended to have higher scores regardless of hurricane exposure. Disaster preparedness must maximize resilience to climate-related stressors’ impacts on academic achievement, especially for vulnerable populations.
Toward a Global Indigenous Cinema
Authors: I. Córdova Hidalgo Amalia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter offers a summary of the current state of circulation of the cinemas of Abya Yala, examining the critical roles of film festivals and digital dissemination platforms, and highlighting innovative exhibition practices, such as international efforts to circulate Indigenous-language films. It looks at the rise of regional and national Indigenous festivals and showcases and interrogates the politics of a circuit of Indigenous film festivals, showcases, and other (non-Indigenous and European “A-list”) festivals taking an interest in Indigenous cinemas. It offers a critical assessment of the gradual recognition of the cinemas of Abya Yala within “Latin American” and global Indigenous Cinema circuits and events. It considers the major achievements and challenges of these productions and collaborations, regarding contributions to critical thinking around indigeneity, access to production and training opportunities for Indigenous filmmakers, audience outreach, and development of culturally specific, cinematic poetics.
Securing Rules to Fight Hunger and Poverty
Authors: Das Abhijit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ensuring food security and addressing hunger remain some of the most daunting challenges for most developing countries. Rules under the Agreement on Agriculture at the WTO have also created some impediments on this issue, particularly for countries that implement public stockholding programmes for foodstuffs. During the Doha Round of WTO trade negotiations, India was at the forefront of seeking changes in WTO rules, which would allow developing countries to continue with their public stockholding programmes. While charting the tumultuous course of the negotiations on this issue, particularly during 2013–2014, the chapter brings to the fore how, on account of inadequate understanding of negotiating strategies, India almost lost the plot. It provides a gripping account of the bold efforts that were subsequently required to retrieve the lost ground. At the negotiating table, for almost two years, the USA refused to even negotiate on India’s demand on the issue of food security. With India pushed into a corner, and the risk of the scheme of procurement of food grains for public stockholding purposes getting unravelled within a few years becoming apparent, audacious strategies involving issue-linkage and brinkmanship emerged. These strategies, in conjunction with certain propitious political circumstances, helped India secure its negotiating objectives going beyond the Bali peace Clause negotiated at the Bali Ministerial Conference in 2013. An issue that appeared intractable for almost two years was magically resolved within an hour in a crucial meeting between India and the USA held in October 2014. By increasing the cost for the USA of not engaging constructively in the negotiation on public stockholding issue, India was able to get its way. Based on the personal accounts of the insiders directly involved in this episode, the chapter provides many lessons on negotiating strategy.
Concluding Thoughts on Negotiating Strategies
Authors: Das Abhijit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The concluding chapter discusses some implications for practice and theory of the negotiating episodes discussed in the book. First, it makes the basic point that choosing the appropriate strategy matters in multilateral trade negotiations at the GATT and the WTO. The effectiveness of strategies is likely to be context-specific; the same strategy used in different stages of a negotiation might not yield similar outcomes. Second, relying on strategies suggested by ancient scholars in the context of wars between kingdoms, it provides an overview of the key points a strategic trade negotiator should keep in mind. Third, it briefly discusses a comprehensive theory explaining the effectiveness of coalitions—a strategy used by developing countries to counter power asymmetry at the negotiating table. Based on the experience of three coalitions of developing countries at the WTO, it proposes ways to bridge a crucial gap in the theory. Fourth, it discusses the sparse academic literature on forum shifting—a strategy being used by the developed countries to overcome the opposition of many developing countries to initiating negotiations at the WTO on issues such as labour, environment, digital trade, etc. It examines some of the emerging trends in forum shifting which need to be taken into account for developing a comprehensive theory on this issue in the future. The chapter concludes by suggesting a list of questions that a trade negotiator must seek answers to throughout the course of multilateral trade negotiations, in order to secure her negotiating objectives.
Political Conflict and Strategic Impasse
Authors: Myers Matt 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
West European Communist parties became more reflective of the societies they sought to change during the 1970s. This chapter shows how their growth telescoped the main social, political, and ideological issues of the day into their ranks in contradictory ways. An upwardly mobile and university-educated generation intent on party modernisation and an industrial cadre existentially threatened by de-industrialisation provided a combustible and ultimately unreconcilable mix. A new cohort of members and supporters more likely to have experienced white-collar work and styles of life closer to managerial and professional strata began to gain influence in party structures. Many came to see the working-class identity and priorities of the left as a reason for its recent problems. Older workers and officials, in contrast, believed they were being abandoned by the parties to which they had committed their lives at a time when they needed them most. The chapter concludes by noting that the declining authority of workplace activists proved decisive to the sense of defeat in the Communist Party of Great Britain, the French Communist Party, and the Italian Communist Party. The halted march of labour was lived within political and institutional contexts whose rules and procedures shaped both experiences and outcomes.
Immigrant Workers, Strike-Breaking, and the Rise of Neoliberalism
Authors: Myers Matt 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores three epoch-defining strikes in Britain, France, and Italy. It analyses disputes at Grunwick Film Processing Laboratories (1976–8), at Citroën and Talbot (1982–4), and at Fiat (1979–80). It starts by analysing the response by employers, managers, and the state to immigrant-led movements aimed at defending or extending trade union, labour, and civic rights, and how strike-breakers redefined the forms of collective action produced by the strikers’ multi-racial working-class coalition as coercive, terroristic, and totalitarian. A white-collar layer of supervisors, technicians, and foremen believed the disputes were opportunities for a clean break with the past. The chapter concludes with the reaction of the British Labour Party, the French Socialist Party, and the Italian Communist Party. Each feared that support for the strikers risked undermining the left’s capacity to govern responsibly in the national interest. The governing left and the conservative right briefly shared a common enemy: the immigrant worker and those who supported them. Choices made by left forces prior to the introduction of neoliberal ideas as government policy contributed to the sense that labour’s forward march had halted.
Haemodiafiltration versus high-flux haemodialysis - a Consensus Statement from the EuDial Working Group of the ERA
Authors: Battaglia Yuri , Shroff Rukshana , Meijers Björn , Nistor Ionut , Alfano Gaetano , Franssen Casper , Luyckx Valerie , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Mantovani Alessandro , Baciga Federica , Caccia Federica , Momentè Claudia , Davenport Andrew , Blankestijn Peter J , Covic Adrian , Combe Christian , Basile Carlo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Haemodialysis (HD) is a life-saving therapy for individuals with kidney failure. Post-filter haemodiafiltration (HDF) and high-flux HD are the most widely used treatment modalities. To date, five randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed that compare all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality between HDF and low- or high-flux HD in adults receiving maintenance dialysis for at least one year. RCTs, meta-analyses and pooled individual patient data analyses have been published on this topic. However, all of them are limited by the heterogeneity of inclusion criteria and significant methodological shortcomings, including informative selection bias and the exclusion of poorly performing patients from the HDF arm after randomisation.
Given this background, the European Dialysis Working Group of the European Renal Association presents a Consensus Statement on HDF and high-flux HD, addressing three key outcomes: survival, health-related quality of life and biochemical endpoints. A separate section is dedicated to paediatric patients. We searched five large electronic databases to identify parallel or cross-over RCTs comparing HDF with high-flux HD on pre-defined outcome measures. Using a mini-Delphi method, we developed twenty-two key consensus points by combining meta-analyses, clinical experience and expert opinion. They aim to inform and assist in decision-making and are not intended to define a standard of care. The key summary point is that HDF appears to be associated with improved overall and CV survival, provided high convection volumes are achieved. The generalizability of these findings to the entire dialysis population depends on the patient's overall health and requires further study.
Pulmonary tuberculosis infectiousness of persons identified through active and passive case-finding in a high-burden setting
Authors: Njagi Lilian N , Tram Khai Hoan , Zifodya Jerry S , Paul Sharmila , Ross Jennifer M , Murithi Wilfred , Mwongera Zipporah , Kiplimo Richard , Ong’ang’o Jane R , Fennelly Kevin P , Hawn Thomas R , Nduba Videlis , Horne David J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The role of active case-finding (ACF) in improving TB prevention and care depends on the infectiousness of persons with undiagnosed TB and the accuracy of screening strategies. To compare undiagnosed community dwellers to persons presenting for healthcare, we evaluated clinicodemographic and microbiologic characteristics, cough aerosol culture (CAC) status, and household contact (HHC) QuantiFERON-Plus (QFT) status by case-finding approach in adults with pulmonary TB.

Methods
We enrolled 388 Kenyan adults with GeneXpert (excluding trace) and/or culture-confirmed, untreated TB through healthcare presentation (passive case-finding (PCF), 87%) or ACF (community-based prevalence survey). Interventions included cough aerosol sampling and HHCs QFT testing. We performed mixed-effect logistic regression to predict transmission, clustered on index participants.

Results
WHO-recommended screening symptoms (W4SS) were more common in the PCF cohort (99% versus 73%, p&lt;0.001). Traditional makers of infectiousness were less frequent in the ACF cohort. Higher symptom burden (number of reported W4SS) associated with higher bacillary burden (lower GeneXpert Ct) (estimate -0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.98 to -0.13; p=0.01). Among 263 participants with CAC, 21% were CAC-positive, none of whom enrolled through ACF. Among 270 HHCs, QFT-positivity differed by index CAC-status (89% versus 56% in HHCs of CAC-positive and negative participants, respectively, p&lt;0.001) but not by traditional infectiousness makers or case-finding approach. Index CAC-positive status (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 11.2, CI 2.2–58.3), HIV-positive status (aOR 0.1, CI 0.0–0.6), and HHCs age (aOR 1.04, CI 1.01–1.08), independently predicted HHC QFT-positivity.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that ACF may detect a smaller proportion of CAC-positive persons with TB than PCF.
“They don’t have to make room for me because this is their space”: Black College Students’ Narratives of Racism, Whiteness, and Mental Health
Authors: Lewis Kaleea R , Cummings Jason L , Walsemann Katrina , Mann Emily S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Black students who attend PWIs are tasked with navigating campus environments where Whiteness – i.e., social norms, policies, and practices that uphold White supremacy – has an enduring and pervasive presence. While a growing body of research has become attuned to how Whiteness shapes higher education, less work has centered the experiential knowledge of Black students and their health outcomes. This study uses select tenets from critical race theory (CRT) to examine the pathways through which Whiteness manifests and impacts the emotional and mental health of Black college students. We deploy the CRT tenets of counterstorytelling, Whiteness as Property, and racial realism as analytical tools to center the experiential knowledge of a convenience sample of Black college students (n=25) and interrogate how Whiteness is perpetuated and maintained. The students’ counternarratives reveal how they (1) conceptualize Whiteness in the Deep South and (2) wrestle with the impact Whiteness has on their emotional and mental well-being. By revealing how Whiteness operates as a property right that perpetuates psychological harm against Black students attending a PWI, the study findings disrupt deficit-oriented discourses about Black college students and their mental health outcomes and have the potential to inform the development of policies and practices that transform college environments.
3′ UTR-truncated HMGA2 promotes erythroblasts production from human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Cui Tiantian , Wang Xiaoling , Zang Ruge , Zhao Lingping , Yan Hao , Li Xuan , Xu Zhenzhao , Wang Haiyang , Zhou Junnian , Liu Yiming , Yue Wen , Pei Xuetao , Xi Jiafei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cultured red blood cells represent an alternative resource for blood transfusions. However, important issues such as low yields and high costs remain. Recently, gene editing of hematopoietic stem cells has been conducted to induce erythroid differentiation in vitro for producing sufficient RBCs to meet the imbalance in blood supply and demand. The differentiation and expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are regulated by transcription factors, such as high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2). In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to establish a doxycycline-inducible HMGA2-expressing human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line. In a defined erythroid differentiation system, HMGA2 prolonged erythroid differentiation in vitro, enabling extensive expansion of human erythroblasts. The erythroblasts derived from the HMGA2-expressing hESC line are rich in polychromatic and orthochromatic erythroblasts expressing mostly α- and γ-globin and have the capacity to differentiate into RBCs. Our findings highlight the potential of combining hematopoietic transcription factors with genome editing techniques to enhance RBC production.
Comparisons of Interapical Distance and Coronal Balance Measurements among Standing Positions in Participants with and without Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Using 3D Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Pollard Janie , Fehr Brianna , Ganci Aislinn , Parent Eric C. , Lou Edmond 
Published: February 2025

Study Design.
Cross-sectional study.

Objective.
The objective of this study was to quantify whether interapical distance and coronal balance measured on 3D ultrasound (3DUS) images differed among ten standing positions of participants with and without adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary of Background Data.
Apical vertebral translation (AVT) is an indicator of clinical symptoms and treatment outcomes in AIS. Stereo-radiography simultaneously captures a frontal and lateral image, yet patients are required to elevate their arms during the examination and varied positioning may impact coronal plane measurements. Ultrasound can assess these measurements without exposing participants to radiation.

Methods.
Females with and without AIS were recruited from a scoliosis clinic, and email advertisements, respectively. Participants underwent 3DUS scans in ten positions: standing; arms anteriorly supported in 60° of shoulder flexion; fingers to clavicles, chin, zygomatic processes, and eyebrows; shoulders abducted at 90° with hands open and thumbs on shoulders; hands on anterior wall with and without blocks; and hands unsupported. AVT and coronal balance measurements were obtained using custom software. Positions and groups were compared using repeated measures ANOVAs with Sidak pairwise comparisons.

Results.
Fifty-nine females had a mean age, height, and weight of 17.5±4.9 years, 162.8±5.8 cm, and 56.2±10.6 kg, respectively. Seventeen single and 14 double curve participants were included with mean maximum curve angles of 26.4°±3.6° and 25.2°±3.1°, respectively. Overall, there were no statistically significant differences in interapical distance or coronal balance among the ten positions, as well as in coronal balance between the groups (P>0.05). The interapical distance of participants without AIS significantly differed from those with single curves in eight positions and from those with double curves in all ten positions.

Conclusions.
The positions evaluated may be interchangeable for coronal plane lateral deviation measurements of females with AIS.
Sociobehavioral determinants of non-retention among adolescents and young adults living with HIV
Authors: Hicks Sarah , Jiang Wenwen , Kibugi James , Badia Jacinta , Richardson Barbra A. , Beima-Sofie Kristin , Agot Kawango , Kohler Pamela , John-Stewart Grace 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to identify age-specific cofactors of nonretention among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYLHIV) ages 10–24.

Design:
This analysis used data from the Data-Informed Stepped Care study (DiSC; NCT05007717), a cluster randomized clinical trial in 24 health facilities in Western Kenya.

Methods:
During 12-month follow-up, youth-reported cofactors of missed visits and loss-to-follow-up (LTFU; did not return to clinic within study period) were assessed using generalized linear and mixed effect models and stratified by gender and age.

Results:
Among 1904 AYLHIV, median age was 17 years (interquartile range 14–19), and 57.9% were female. A higher proportion of missed visits was observed in older ages (10–14: 6.0%; 15–19: 7.9%; 20–24: 12.5%). Overall, higher resilience (PR = 0.93) and satisfaction with clinic (PR = 0.81) were associated with lower risk of missed visits. Among males, satisfaction with clinic was associated with lower risk (PR = 0.61) while higher stigma was associated with increased risk (PR = 1.31). Among females, resilience was associated with lower risk (PR = 0.93). Having no living parents was associated with higher LTFU risk (PR = 2.24). Among males, horizontal transmission was associated with higher risk (PR = 2.98) and resilience with lower risk (PR = 0.76). Females who came to clinic alone had lower risk of LTFU (PR = 0.27). Age-stratified analyses did not identify additional cofactors.

Conclusions:
In this large multisite cohort, older AYLHIV had the most retention challenges. Resilience, satisfaction with clinical care, and stigma exerted an influential role, but cofactors differed between age and gender strata, underscoring the heterogeneity of AYLHIV and suggesting need for tailored approaches.