bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioral Numbness Associated with Intravenous Pentamidine Administration
Authors: Milligan Karen S , Phillips Debra L 
Published: December 2006

Objective: To report a case of perioral numbness associated with intravenous pentamidine. Case Summary: A 56-year-old female with acute myelogenous leukemia in remission developed Pneumocystis carinii infection. Treatment was initiated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), but the patient subsequently developed a rash on day 10 of treatment. TMP/SMX was discontinued and intravenous pentamidine was started in order to complete a 21 day treatment course for P. carinii pneumonia (PCP). However, on day 3 of pentamidine treatment, the patient reported perioral numbness during the infusion. The numbness disappeared soon after completion of the infusion but recurred with all subsequent pentamidine infusions. Discussion: Paresthesias in general and facial area numbness in particular have been reported with pentamidine administration. While it is possible such adverse events may be a result of pentamidine's effect on serum electrolytes and glucose, especially hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia, these laboratory values were not grossly affected by pentamidine in our patient. The Naranjo probability scale revealed a probable adverse reaction of perioral numbness associated with intravenous pentamidine. Conclusions: Pentamidine is considered an alternative agent to TMP/SMX in the treatment of PCP. Although they do not commonly occur, paresthesias have been reported with pentamidine therapy. Healthcare practitioners should be aware of this type of event in association with pentamidine administration, especially as it may not be associated with overt serum glucose or electrolyte disturbances.
Individual values, learning routines and academic procrastination
Authors: Dietz Franziska. , Hofer Manfred. , Fries Stefan. 
Published: December 2006

Background. Academic procrastination, the tendency to postpone learning activities, is regarded as a consequence of postmodern values that are prominent in post‐industrialized societies. When students strive for leisure goals and have no structured routines for academic tasks, delaying strenuous learning activities becomes probable.Aims. The model tested in this study posits that postmodern value orientations are positively related to procrastination and to a lack of daily routines concerning the performance of academic activities. In contrast, modern values are negatively related to procrastination and positively to learning routines. Academic procrastination, in‐turn, should be associated with the tendency to prefer leisure activities to schoolwork in case of conflicts between these two life domains.Sample. Seven hundred and four students from 6th and 8th grade with a mean age of 13.5 years participated in the study. The sample included students from all tracks of the German educational system.Method. Students completed a questionnaire containing two value prototypes as well as scales on learning routines and procrastination. Decisions in motivational conflicts were measured using two vignettes.Results and Conclusions. Results from structural equation modelling supported the proposed model for the whole sample as well as for each school track. A planned course of the day can prevent procrastination and foster decisions for academic tasks in case of conflicts. Students' learning takes place within a societal context and reflects the values held in the respective culture.
Increase in and clearance of cell-free plasma DNA in hemodialysis quantified by real-time PCR
Authors: García Moreira Vanessa , de la Cera Martínez Tamara , Gago González Emilio , Prieto García Belén , Alvarez Menéndez Francisco V. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1410–5.
Analytical performance and clinical utility of the INNOTEST® PHOSPHO-TAU(181P) assay for discrimination between Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Vanderstichele Hugo , De Vreese Karen , Blennow Kaj , Andreasen Niels , Sindic Christian , Ivanoiu Adrian , Hampel Harald , Bürger Katharina , Parnetti Lucilla , Lanari Alessia , Padovani Allesandro , DiLuca Monica , Bläser Miriam , Ohrfelt Olsson Annika , Pottel Hans , Hulstaert Frank , Vanmechelen Eugeen 
Published: December 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1472–80.
Lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphism at the PvuII locus and serum lipid levels in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations
Authors: Yin Ruixing , Wang Yong , Chen Guangqin , Lin Weixiong , Yang Dezhai , Pan Shangling 
Published: December 2006

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1416–21.
Approved IFCC recommendation on reporting results for blood glucose: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Scientific Division, Working Group on Selective Electrodes and Point-of-Care Testing (IFCC-SD-WG-SEPOCT)
Authors: D'Orazio Paul , Burnett Robert W. , Fogh-Andersen Niels , Jacobs Ellis , Kuwa Katsuhiko , Külpmann Wolf R. , Larsson Lasse , Lewenstam Andrzej , Maas Anton H.J. , Mager Gerhard , Naskalski Jerzy W. , Okorodudu Anthony O. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn current clinical practice, plasma and blood glucose are used interchangeably with a consequent risk of clinical misinterpretation. In human blood, glucose is distributed, like water, between erythrocytes and plasma. The molality of glucose (amount of glucose per unit water mass) is the same throughout the sample, but the concentration is higher in plasma, because the concentration of water and therefore glucose is higher in plasma than in erythrocytes. Different devices for the measurement of glucose may detect and report fundamentally different quantities. Different water concentrations in the calibrator, plasma, and erythrocyte fluid can explain some of the differences. Results for glucose measurements depend on the sample type and on whether the method requires sample dilution or uses biosensors in undiluted samples. If the results are mixed up or used indiscriminately, the differences may exceed the maximum allowable error for glucose determinations for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus, thus complicating patient treatment. The goal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Scientific Division, Working Group on Selective Electrodes and Point of Care Testing (IFCC-SD-WG-SEPOCT) is to reach a global consensus on reporting results. The document recommends reporting the concentration of glucose in plasma (in the unit mmol/L), irrespective of sample type or measurement technique. A constant factor of 1.11 is used to convert concentration in whole blood to the equivalent concentration in plasma. The conversion will provide harmonized results, facilitating the classification and care of patients and leading to fewer therapeutic misjudgments.Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1486–90.
Restoration of the Soft-tissue Margin in Single-tooth Implant in the Anterior Maxilla
Authors: Awad Shibli Jamil , d'Avila Susana 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
Esthetic requirements for dental implant restoration have arisen in recent years. Despite several surgical techniques that have been developed, the treatment of the peri-implant soft-tissue defect is still difficult. The purpose of this clinical article is to describe a grafting technique using subepithelial connective tissue grafts to recontour soft-tissue margin discrepancy for single-tooth implant restorations in the anterior maxilla. After 2-year follow-up, this procedure shows that the use of connective tissue grafts can be a predictable approach to establish new and stable peri-implant soft-tissue margin.
Five-year Outcome of 111 Immediate Nonfunctional Single Restorations
Authors: Degidi Marco , Piattelli Adriano , Gehrke Peter , Felice Pietro , Carinci Francesco 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
Immediate loading is a surgical-prosthetic procedure extensively used in implant dentistry. Despite its frequent use, minimal data are available on the long-term clinical success rate of immediate functional loading (IFL) and immediate nonfunctional loading (INFL) of implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term survival and bone loss of immediate nonfunctional single implant restorations in a group of patients that were monitored for 5 years. One hundred and eleven patients (41.4% men) with a median age of 40 years were included in this study. A total of 111 implants were placed. All implants were placed with a minimum insertion torque of 25 Ncm. A temporary restoration was relined with acrylic resin, trimmed, polished, and cemented or screw-retained 1 to 2 hours later. Occlusal contact was avoided in centric and lateral excursions. After provisional crown delivery, a periapical radiograph was performed by means of a customized Rinn holder device. Data were analyzed by means of Kaplan-Meier and life-table algorithms. Stratification of implant survival was performed for the available variables of interest, and comparisons were analyzed using a log-rank test. Investigated parameters were time of implant placement, bone quality, implant site, implant diameter and length, and type of implant surface enhancement. The parameters for overall success rate were defined by bone resorption &lt;1.5 mm after the first year of loading and &lt;0.2 mm thereafter. During the 5-year follow-up period, a survival rate of 95.5% was observed. All failures occurred within 4 months of implant loading. There were statistically significant differences regarding healed vs post-extraction implant sites (100% and 92.5%, respectively, P = .05) and type of bone (D1 vs D4 yielded 100% and 95.5%, respectively, P &lt; .05). No differences were detected for: (1) site (100% for mandible and 94.6% for maxilla, P = .319); (2) implant diameter (survival rates of 97.26% for &lt;4.5-mm diameter and 92.11% for &gt;4.5-mm diameter, P = .206); (3) implant lengths (survival rates of 96.97% for implants &gt;13 mm and 94.87% for implants &lt;13 mm, P = .624); and (4) type of implant surface enhancement (survival rates of 94.03% for 67 cases of grit-blasted and acid-etched surfaces and a failure rate of 4 out of 5, and 94.12% for 17 cases of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated surfaces with only 1 failure). The success rate (defined as bone resorption &gt;1.5 mm after the first year of loading and &gt;0.2 mm thereafter) was 97.2%. Immediate nonocclusal loading of single implants is a reliable surgical-prosthetic procedure with a low rate of implant loss and a low quantity of peri-implant bone loss over time.
Epigenetic variation: amount, causes, and consequences
Authors: de la Casa‐Esperón Elena , Sapienza Carmen 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
Epigenetic variation is the result of biochemical and spatial modifications that affect the function of chromosomes. The diversity of phenotypes that we observe in all organisms is the result of both genetic and epigenetic variation. Unveiling the “epigenetic code” is challenging because of the diversity of mechanisms and the vast scale of epigenetic variation. Nevertheless, an increasing number of studies indicate that epigenetic variation has an important influence on many phenotypes, especially in human disorders.
Orbitrap mass analyzer
Authors: Makarov Alexander , Scigelova Michaela 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
The orbitrap mass analyzer is fast becoming a unique and powerful addition to the scientific toolbox for probing biological systems and increasing selectivity and confidence of routine analyses. The key attributes of this analyzer are accurate mass and high resolution similar to those achievable with FTICR instrumentation. The principles of operation underlying these capabilities are discussed, and a concise overview of application areas that have already benefited from the introduction of this technology is provided.
A novel recurrent mitochondrial DNA mutation in ND3 gene is associated with isolated complex I deficiency causing Leigh syndrome and dystonia
Authors: Sarzi Emmanuelle , Brown Michael D. , Lebon Sophie , Chretien Dominique , Munnich Arnold , Rotig Agnès , Procaccio Vincent 
Published: December 2006

AbstractDefects in NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), the largest complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, account for most cases of respiratory chain deficiency in human. Complex I contains at least 45 subunits, 7 of which are encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Here we report a novel 10197G>A mutation of the ND3 gene in three unrelated families with Leigh syndrome (LS) or dystonia. Variable degrees of heteroplasmy were found in all tissues tested and a high percentage of mutant mtDNA was observed in muscle. The 10197G>A mutation modifies a hydrophobic alanine residue into a hydrophilic threonine (A47T) in a highly conserved domain of ND3 subunit. Furthermore, this defect could be transferred along with the mutant mtDNAs to ρ° lymphoblastoid cells in cybrid experiments. However, nuclear modifier genes may also play a role in the phenotypic expression and severity of the 10197G>A mutation. The association of the 10197G>A ND3 mutation with an isolated biochemical defect involving complex I and the discovery of the 10197G>A mutation with a similar phenotype in three unrelated families establish its pathogenicity and demonstrate that the amino acid position A47 is important for the function of complex I. These results show that the 10197G>A mutation in the mitochondrial ND3 gene should be considered as a common mtDNA mutation responsible for LS and dystonia. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines
Authors: Rashad Aymn E. , Mohamed Mosaad S. , Zaki Magdy E. A. , Fatahala Samar S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine and tetrazolopyrimidine derivatives 2a, b–5a, b were prepared. Also, acyclic and cyclic C‐nucleosides 7a, b–12a, b were prepared by treating compound 6 with some aldoses. All prepared products were tested for antiviral activity against hepatitis‐A virus (HAV, MBB‐cell culture adapted strain) and herpes simplex virus type‐1 (HSV‐1). Plaque reduction infectivity assay was used to determine virus count reduction as a result of treatment with tested compounds. Compound 2a showed the highest effect on HAV, while compound 11b showed the highest effect on the HSV‐1 virus.
Short and Efficient Approach Towards Buxozine‐C, an Alkaloid from Buxus sempervirens
Authors: Liu Hai‐Feng , Ji Min , Cai Jin 
Published: December 2006

AbstractBuxus alkaloids display a wide range of interesting pharmacological activities. Here, we present a short and efficient approach towards one of the alkaloids, buxozine‐C. The first synthesis has been achieved with 91% yield starting from cyclovirobuxine‐D by forming a tetrahydro‐oxazine ring with formaldehyde at room temperature.
Analogies between linguistics and information theory
Authors: Warner Julian 
Published: December 2006

AbstractAn analogy is established between the syntagm and paradigm from Saussurean linguistics and the message and messages for selection from the information theory initiated by Claude Shannon. The analogy is pursued both as an end in itself and for its analytic value in understanding patterns of retrieval from full‐text systems. The multivalency of individual words when isolated from their syntagm is contrasted with the relative stability of meaning of multiword sequences, when searching ordinary written discourse. The syntagm is understood as the linear sequence of oral and written language. Saussure's understanding of the word, as a unit that compels recognition by the mind, is endorsed, although not regarded as final. The lesser multivalency of multiword sequences is understood as the greater determination of signification by the extended syntagm. The paradigm is primarily understood as the network of associations a word acquires when considered apart from the syntagm. The restriction of information theory to expression or signals, and its focus on the combinatorial aspects of the message, is sustained. The message in the model of communication in information theory can include sequences of written language. Shannon's understanding of the written word, as a cohesive group of letters, with strong internal statistical influences, is added to the Saussurean conception. Sequences of more than one word are regarded as weakly correlated concatenations of cohesive units.
A logistic model for the prediction of the influence of water on the solid waste methanization in landfills
Authors: Pommier S. , Chenu D. , Quintard M. , Lefebvre X. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis article deals with the impact of water content of solid waste on biogas production kinetics in landfills. This impact has been proved in the laboratory thanks to anaerobic biodegradation experiments on paper/cardboard waste samples. A strong dependence with the moisture level was observed for both kinetic rates and maximum methane production. In this article, a logistic model is proposed to simulate the biogas production rate. It is chosen as simple as possible in order to allow for a correct identification of the model parameters given the experimental data available. The moisture dependency is introduced through a linear weighing of the biomass specific growth rate and of the amount of accessible organic substrate. It is directly linked to physical properties of the waste: the holding capacity and the minimal moisture level allowing the presence of free water. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97: 473–482. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A genomically/chemically complete module for synthesis of lipid membrane in a minimal cell
Authors: Castellanos Mariajose , Kushiro Keiichiro , Lai Samuel K. , Shuler Michael L. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA minimal cell is a hypothetical cell defined by the essential functions required for life. We have developed a module for the synthesis of membrane precursors for a mathematical minimal cell model. This module describes, with chemical and genomic detail the production of the constituents required to build a cell membrane and identifies the corresponding essential genes. Membranes allow selective nutrient passage, harmful substance exclusion, and energy generation. Bacterial membrane components range from lipids to fatty acids with embedded proteins and are structurally similar to eukaryotic cell membranes. Membranes are dynamic structures and experimental analyses show great variations in bacterial membrane composition. The flexibility of the model is such that different membrane compositions could be obtained in response to simulated changes in culture conditions. The model's predictions are in close agreement with the observed biological trends. The model's predictions correspond well with the experimental values of total lipid content in cells grown in chemostat culture, but less well with data from batch growth. Cell shape and size results agree especially well for data for growth rate relative to maximum growth rate larger than 0.5; and DNA, RNA, and protein predictions are consistent with experimental observations. A better understanding of the simplest bacterial membrane should lead to insights on the more complex behavior of membranes of higher species as well as identification of potential targets for antimicrobials. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97: 397–409. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inhibiting the apoptosis pathway using MDM2 in mammalian cell cultures
Authors: Arden Nilou , Majors Brian S. , Ahn Shin‐hyung , Oyler George , Betenbaugh Michael J. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe ability to regulate apoptosis in mammalian cell cultures represents one approach to developing more economical and efficient processes. Genetic modification of cells using anti‐apoptotic genes is one method that may be used to improve cellular performance. This study investigates a method to inhibit upstream apoptosis pathways through the overexpression of MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase for p53. Both 293 and CHO cells expressing MDM2 were examined under both batch and spent media conditions. For batch cultures, MDM2 overexpression increased viable cell densities and viabilities over control cells with the largest enhancements observed in CHO cells. When CHO cells were passaged without medium exchange, cells expressing MDM2 reached a viable cell density that was nearly double the control and survived for an extra day in culture. When exposed to spent media initially, both 293–MDM2 and CHO–MDM2 cells continued to grow for 2 days while the control cells stopped growing after the first day. DNA analysis using flow cytometry confirmed that while CHO controls were found to be undergoing DNA fragmentation, CHO–MDM2 cells exhibit DNA degradation at a much slower rate. When compared to Bcl‐2‐expressing cells, MDM2 expression showed greater protection against apoptosis in passaged culture, spent medium, and following transient p53 overexpression. However, expression of the RING sequence of MDM2 responsible for E3 ligase activity without the other components of the protein was found to be toxic to 293 cells in culture. These results suggest that the overexpression of heterologous MDM2 represents a promising method to delay apoptosis in mammalian cell cultures. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97: 601–614. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A smart membrane based on an antigen‐responsive hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Rongsheng , Bowyer Adrian , Eisenthal Robert , Hubble John 
Published: December 2006

AbstractHydrogel membranes have been fabricated that incorporate antibody/antigen moieties. The permeability of large solutes through these membranes is dependent on the presence of soluble antigen that can compete with the internal interactions between antibody and antigen leading to an increase in gel mesh size. Specifically, the membrane's structure is based on a dextran backbone grafted with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) antigen and a sheep anti‐FITC IgG antibody. The backbone is covalently cross‐linked by conjugated divinyl sulfone (DVS) groups. The gel structure is additionally stabilized by affinity crosslinks formed by biospecific interactions between the bound IgG and FITC. FTIR spectra of the gel are consistent with formation of covalent bonds between cysteine groups in the IgG and DVS groups in the dextran. Results obtained using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) confirmed the competitive interaction binding between IgG‐FITC‐dextran and free sodium fluorescein at pH 5.0. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of samples prepared using cryofixation and cryofracturing techniques showed that observed changes in permeability correlate with free fluorescein‐dependent structural changes in the gel. Three‐dimensional images obtained from confocal laser scanning microscopy show that these changes occur throughout the gel and indicate that SEM results are not artifacts of sample preparation. The permeability of these gels, as shown by blue‐dextran (12 kDa) diffusion, increases in response to the presence of free fluorescein of the external medium, which causes competitive displacement of the affinity cross‐links. Sequential addition and removal of sodium fluorescein showed that these permeability changes are reversible. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97: 976–984. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.