bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crustal Deformation in Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis Constrained by Ambient Noise Tomography
Authors: Lv Miaomiao , Xu Xiaoming , Hu Shaoqian , Ding Zhifeng , Yao Pengshuai 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
As the leading edge of the Indian–Asian collision, the eastern Himalayan syntaxis region has experienced extensive tectonic activities, resulting in complex crustal uplift and deformation in the corner area of the southeastern pathway for the extrusion of Tibetan plateau materials. Despite considerable efforts, the corresponding deformation mechanisms remain uncertain. This study presents a new 3D high-resolution azimuthal anisotropic shear-wave velocity model in the crust and uppermost mantle derived from ambient noise dispersion data. Results show that the upper crustal anisotropy aligns with the geological boundaries and major faults nearby, suggesting shape-preferred orientations. The upper crustal low velocity and weak anisotropy beneath the core of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis (EHS) are closely associated with the high fragmentation of shallow rocks and the upwelling of hot materials during the ongoing subduction of the Indian plate. Our model also reveals relatively complex anisotropic patterns in the midlower crust. The eastern Lhasa terrane, in particular, exhibits low velocity and strong anisotropy with a northwest–southeast-oriented fast axis, supporting the local scale midlower crustal “channel flow” model. In addition, a conspicuous, elongated low-velocity zone along the northwest–southeast direction is observed in the midlower crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Bangong–Nujiang suture. The anisotropy in this region increases with depth, and the fast directions are consistently parallel to the northeast subduction of the Indian plate. We infer that this low-velocity zone may result from partial melting under local compression driven by the Indian–Asian collision. On the basis of newly revealed anisotropic model and previous studies, we construct a new dynamic model, which reveals that the migration of mechanically weak material in the midlower crust and the significant contribution of the northeast subduction of the Indian plate jointly control the crustal deformation of the EHS region.
Study Protocol: Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy in the Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized, Split-Ulcer Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: Kaur Manjit , Shipp Desmond , Dulmage Brittany , Kaffenberger Benjamin H. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) presents as an ulceration of the lower extremities with deep, undermining, and violaceous borders. The disease is an orphan disease without any FDA-approved treatments. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional injectable and topical platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in the treatment of chronic pyoderma gangrenosum ulcerations. METHODS Methodologically, this study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized, open-label split-ulcer study in patients with confirmed PG by PARACELSUS score. In each patient, up to three separate ulcerations will be randomized to receive either monthly intralesional PRP injections or a topical PRP solution at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, while the third target lesion will receive standard wound care only. Patients will be followed up with at 16 weeks, one month after the completion of treatment. The primary endpoint for this study will be the composite proportion of the target ulcers achieving either complete resolution or a 50% reduction in the surface area at week 12. CONCLUSIONS This study intends to demonstrate the efficacy of an intralesional injectable or topical PRP therapy in the treatment of PG. If successful, PRP treatment may offer a new and effective option for patients with this debilitating disease.
AHEAD-OF-TIME and JUST-IN-TIME technologies
Authors: Телегин В.А. 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию AOT- и JIT-технологий. Обосновывается актуальность и значимость темы исследования. Существует два способа компиляции приложения: своевременная компиляция ( JIT) или компиляция с опережением времени (AOT). Первый вид – это режим по умолчанию, который используется виртуальной машиной Java Hotspot для преобразования байт-кода в машинный код во время выполнения. Второй вид поддерживается новым компилятором GraalVM и позволяет статически компилировать байт-код непосредственно в машинный код во время сборки. Рассматриваются основные различия между этими двумя стратегиями компиляции.
The article focuses on the study of Ahead-of-Time and Just-in-Time technologies. The author substantiates the relevance and significance of the research topic. There are two ways to compile an application using JIT or AOT compilation. The first is the default mode and is used by the Java Hotspot virtual machine to convert bytecode to machine code at runtime. The latter is supported by the new GraalVM compiler and allows bytecode to be statically compiled directly into machine code at build time. In this article, the author discusses the main differences between these two compilation strategies.
Steppe ecosystems of the arid zone of southern Russia as a factor in the effective development of livestock farming
Authors: Surov A. I. , Lapenko N. G. , Khonina O. V. , Oganyan L. R. , Starostina M. A. 
Published: April 2024

The aim of the research is to assess the current state of steppe ecosystems, which are subjected to human impact and to provide scientifically‐based proposals for the conservation and regeneration of their natural potential.The object of the study is the steppe ecosystems of the arid zone in the Stavropol Territory. The research conducted in 2019–2021 included the use of methods and techniques, encompassing the geobotanical, economic and statistical, abstract and logical, computational and constructive.An analysis of the natural resource potential of the steppes in the arid zone of Stavropol Territory showed a discrepancy between the current livestock and the carrying capacity of this territory. The forage for grazing is about 830 thousand tons of feed units, which is 1.5 times lower than the livestock needs. The predominant plant associations are wormwoodbluegrass‐sedge, bluegrass‐sheep fescue‐wormwood, bluegrass‐feather grass‐wormwood, bluegrass‐ wormwood‐salt grass with low species diversity – from 10 to 17 species per 100 m2. The plant cover of the soil is from 30 to 60 %, which indicates its sparseness. The average biological yield of phytomass is 7.0 kg/ha of air‐dry matter. The species diversity of the steppe communities is represented by weed species that have low forage quality. In natural phytocenoses, the cereals dominant in forming cenoses in virgin land, have been lost. There are no any representatives of the legume family in the plant stand.The scientific approach to sustainable development, conservation and regeneration of the potential of natural ecosystems in agricultural landscapes involves the rational use and improvement (rehabilitation) of the remaining low‐yield natural grass stands that have lost the ability of regeneration.
Soil and ecological assessment of the technogenically disturbed landscape in the area of a coal mine dump
Authors: Timoshchuk I. V. , Asyakina L. K. , Gorelkina A. К. , Osintseva M. A. , Golubtsova J. V. , Milentyeva I. S. 
Published: April 2024

Study of the soil‐ecological state of technogenic landscapes of Kuzbass through the example of coal mine dumps.Soil samples were taken in places with disturbed landscapes due to the action of the coal industry, namely the external dump on the site of the coal mine in the area of the village of Zarinskoye, Belovsky district, Kemerovo region in the south‐east of Western Siberia. The indicators were determined in accordance with GOST standards.Diagnostics of the surface of the coal mine dump were carried out. The main physical and chemical indicators were determined, according to which the possibility of soil formation and biological reclamation was assessed. In analyzing chemical composition, the following indicators were determined: aqueous pH, hydrolytic acidity, total alkalinity, dry residue, ash content, humus content and ion content (Cl–, SO42–, HCO3–, Ca2, Mg2+, Al3+). Physical indicators of the degree of suitability of soils for reclamation, such as hygroscopic moisture, soil moisture, soil density and soil porosity, were also studied.The results obtained allow us to characterise the technogenically disturbed areas in terms of physical and chemical properties as being limitedly favourable for plant growth, which can be used for biological reclamation following agrotechnical activity.
Modernization of the organizational structure of the North Caucasus tourism cluster
Authors: Hubaev T. A. , Tegetaeva O. R. 
Published: April 2024

To develop a modernized model of the architecture of the tourist cluster of the North Caucasus Federal District in modern economic realities, taking into account the multifaceted tourism potential of the territory, including opportunities for the development of skiing tourism, as well as sanatorium‐resort recreation with a combination of business visits, cultural and historical excursions, organisation of sports, events and other niche types of tourism. The study was carried out by modeling based on the analysis of data on the natural, historical, socio‐cultural features of the North Caucasus, as well as on the assessment of socio‐economic indicators of the tourism industry over the past five years.The study indicates that for the effective development and promotion of the tourist cluster of the North Caucasus Federal District, it is necessary to expand the range of services provided from homogeneous skiing tourism to multidirectional initiatives, combining the synergetic effect of deepening technological ties and cooperation of residents of the tourist cluster regions.The introduction of a matrix model of a tourism cluster of the North Caucasus in the management of the activities and marketing promotion of the tourism industry in the southern region of Russia would make the North Caucasus an outstanding centre of tourist attraction, a worthy competitor of world tourist resorts.
Ecological condition of marine waters in the area of dredging operations of the kashagan field, Kazakhstan
Authors: Kanbetov A. Sh. , Kulbatyrov D. K. , Tulegenova O. Sh. , Gilazhov Y. G. , Shakhmanova A. K. , Abilgaziyeva А. A. 
Published: April 2024

To determine the hydrophysical and hydrochemical parameters of sea water and their changes during dredging works in the north‐eastern part of the Caspian Sea along the Western Approach Route and near/inside block D, islands EPC‐2, EPC‐3, EPC‐4 and island A of the Kashagan field.Measurement of hydrophysical parameters: salinity, temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen concentration, electrical conductivity, pH of seawater was carried out using a portable multi‐parameter analyser "Horiba‐U53" directly in the water column. Water transparency was determined using a Secchi disc. The depth of the water layer was determined using a sounder. Hydrochemical investigations were carried out for seven parameters, with all components sampled in the near‐surface and benthic horizons. Water samples were taken using probes or bathometers: BM‐48, GR‐18 or their analogues.Hydrochemical analyses of seawater samples for: biogens (NO2, NO3, NH4, Ntotal, and Ptotal), synthetic surfactants, phenols, hydrocarbons including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), heavy metals, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). These were carried out in laboratory conditions using analytical equipment according to scientifically accepted methods.The data obtained as a result of the research allow us to draw the following conclusion: changes in the amount of suspended sediment in sea water lead to changes in physical and chemical properties of water (increase in turbidity, disturbance of sediment composition and properties), changes in biotopes, deterioration of oxygen regime, optical properties of water and temperature regime.
Risk management of emergency situations caused by flooding of built‐up mountain areas
Authors: Arefyeva E. V. , Oltyan I. Yu. , Prus Yu. I. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this research work is to develop scientific approaches to solving the problem of increasing the sustainability of urbanised territories through flexible regulation of the groundwater regime. The development of a management solution for flexible regulation is carried out on the basis of the application of methods for solving problems of incorrectness.Materials for the study were data from the study of dangerous hydrogeological processes, systematised, among other matters, based on the results of monitoring natural emergencies at the Research Institute for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations. The approach proposed by the authors is based on the application of a set of methods, including methods of: system analysis, forecasting, numerical modeling, followed by the development of an optimal management solution of emergency situations at the municipal level.As a result of the numerical modeling carried out in the work, the variants of drainage systems and their operating mode are determined within the framework of the implementation of the proposed approach in the simulation mode. This makes it possible to increase the level o f environmental safety of historically developed built‐up areas, including mountainous ones.The article presents a new approach to managing the risk of emergencies in case of flooding of buildings and structures in built‐up mountainous territories, including historical territories. In such territories, the watered soil preserves the cultural layer, which determines the need for flexible regulation of the groundwater regime. The results of the study are used in carrying out research work of the State Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GOChS) on the study of dangerous hydrogeological processes and their impact on the environment, life safety, stability of the functioning of economic facilities, monitoring and forecasting of natural emergencies.
New species of the genus <i>Calycomyza</i> Hendel (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in the South Caucasus fauna
Authors: Grigoryan N. M. , Balayan K. V. , Magomedova M. Z. , Magomedova P. D. , Hayrapetyan V. T. 
Published: April 2024

To study the diversity of agromizids (leaf miners) in the South Caucasus, the species external morphological features, their host plants, the development of larvae and pupae and to assess the degree of crop infestation by leaf‐miners.The study was carried out within the framework of the scs 21‐002 scientific program “Leaf miners as pests of agricultural plants (Diptera: Agromyzidae): the latest control measures”. Type samples were fixed in 75 % ethyl alcohol and deposited in the Agrarian Scientific Research Laboratory of the Scientific Centre of Zoology and Hydroecology. Species were identified by examining the male genitalia. The degree of damage of the host–plant was determined based on intensity indicators.As a result of this research, a new species of the Calycomyza genus was discovered in the South Caucasus fauna. Larvae of C. jucunda (Wulp, 1867) were found on the leaves of Beta vulgaris, a host plant mentioned for the first time here. As a Nearctic species, it was also first discovered in the southern Caucasus.The study of the male genitalia indicates expansion of the biogeographical distribution of Calycomyza species, as most of them are found in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. In terms of intensity, C. jucunda is classified as a less dangerous species for agricultural crops.
The influence of newly synthesized tellurium-containing cyanine dyes on the intensity of oxidative processes in the bodies of mammals
Authors: Israpilova A. I. , Dzhafarova A. M. , Adieva A. A. , Abakarov G. M. , Guseynova N. O. , Khalimbekova U. Y. , Astaeva M. D. , Bekshokov K. S. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this work was to study the influence of new synthesized organotellurium compounds (TOCs) on the intensity of oxidative processes in the body of mammals – in this case, the blood and liver of rats.The experiments were performed on white outbred rats, which were given a single dose of various TOC derivatives (0.01 g/kg). The next day, the animals were decapitated, blood was collected and the liver was isolated. The content of products of oxidative modification of lipids and proteins, as well as the low molecular weight antioxidant glutathione, was determined in blood plasma, erythrocytes and liver homogenate.It was found that all TOC derivatives studied significantly increase the intensity of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes and hepatocytes, as evidenced by a multiple increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in them. At the same time, TOC suppresses the levels of oxidative damage to liver proteins, which is expressed in a significant decrease in the content of carbonyl groups. A study of glutathione content in the rat erythrocytes showed the absence of any significant effects of TOS on this antioxidant in erythrocytes.However, changes in its concentration were found in the liver, which depend on the nature of TOS (for TOS1 and TOS3 a decrease and for TOS2 a slight increase). Newly synthesized TOC demonstrate pronounced prooxidant properties, significantly increasing the intensity of oxidative processes in lipids, which makes them promising agents for antibacterial, antiviral and antitumor therapy.
A Set of Reference Materials for Verification and Calibration of Universal Chromatographic Instruments
Authors: Tkachenko I. Y. , Mikheeva A. Y. , Ushal I. E. , Ivanova A. Y. , Budko A. G. , Kharitonov S. G. , Maksakova I. B. , Spirin S. V. , Krylov A. I. 
Published: April 2024

Reference materials certified using State primary standards form the basis for ensuring metrological traceability to the corresponding measurement units. The article presents the results of the development of a series of new reference materials for the composition of pure organic substances, intended primarily for calibrating chromatographic equipment with various types of detection.The developed reference materials ensure traceability of the results of verification (calibration) of standards and measuring instruments, as well as measurement results in various areas of state regulation to ensure the uniformity of measurements. Certified values of reference materials were established by an indirect method – t he mass balance method. Metrological traceability of certified values is ensured by direct measurements on the State Primary Standard GET 208. Reference materials are pure substances packaged in glass ampoules (n-dodecane, n-heptane, n-hexadecane, benzene) or vials (hexachlorobenzene, lindane, reserpine, caffeine, glucose, sucrose, anthracene). The mass fraction of the main component of the reference material is in the range from 98.00 to 99.99 %, the relative expanded uncertainty (at k = 2, P = 0.95) does not exceed 0.5 %. The shelf life of reference materials is established by the accelerated aging method and is 3 years under recommended storage conditions.The article is of interest to industry specialists – metrologists, chemists, ecologists who control technological processes in various fields of activity, including the food and chemical industries, environmental protection, and scientific research.The described reference materials are commercially available to all interested parties.This study can provide empirical material for research in the field of serial production of reference materials, which can be used as a basis for the certification of other substances – similar organic substances.
The Need and Potential for Import Substitution of Reference Materials in the Russian Federation: Analysis of Data from the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements
Authors: Pankov A. N. , Zyryanova I.  N. , Kremleva O. N. , Volodina E. M. , Fokina D. P. , Suslova V. V. 
Published: April 2024

The deep integration of the Russian economy into the global economy at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries did not bypass the production of reference materials (RM). Domestic testing, verification, and calibration laboratories receive some RMs from abroad. The number of these RMs is an extremely relevant issue at the moment, since the global competition of national economies for the right to dominate their own markets with state-limited borders has intensified.The strategy of the Russian Federation aimed at achieving the maximum level of sovereignty and independence of the national production sector extends to the sphere of metrological support for the activities of business entities. The practical implementation of this strategy requires a comprehensive analysis of the information presented in the Federal Information Fund for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements (FIF EUM) on the number of foreign RMs, the scope of their application, and an understanding of the structure of demand for foreign RMs within the country. At the same time, it is necessary to form an idea of the technical capabilities of producing domestic RMs.The article provides solutions to most of the problems stated above. The data presented by the authors can be the basis for making management decisions in the field of production and circulation of metrological support equipment for production.
On the Construction of a Calibration Curve Using a Glow Discharge Emission Spectrometer for Measuring the Hydrogen Content in Zirconium Alloys
Authors: Spiridonova A. A. , Kudiiarov V. N. , Laptev R. S. 
Published: April 2024

One of the main directions of modern activity of metrology researchers is to provide the real sector of the economy of the Russian Federation with reference materials that have no analogues in the country. The article discusses the research of highly efficient materials for fuel cladding (fuel elements) in the active zones of thermal reactors, the scope of which is wide. The purpose of the study is the development of samples of the composition of the zirconium alloy to establish and control the stability of the calibration curves of spectrometers when determining the mass fraction of hydrogen, provided that the metrological and technical characteristics of the reference material meet the requirements of the measurement procedure. The main methods for determining the hydrogen content in materials are analyzed. It has been established that the method of glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy has found the widest application. It has also been established that zirconium alloys are chosen as the main material in most cases.The need to create samples for constructing a calibration curve for spectrometers for measuring the hydrogen content in a zirconium alloy is noted. Samples of zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb (grade Э110) have been developed to construct a calibration curve using a glow discharge emission spectrometer for measurements with a mass fraction of hydrogen from 0.034 to 0.498 %. Calibration is carried out using the developed samples to obtain a calibration curve using the example of an emission glow discharge spectrometer of the GD Profiler2 type. The relative error of the hydrogen mass fraction obtained during calibration does not exceed ± 10 %.The practical significance of the study lies in the development of samples that can be used to calibrate spectrometers based on the method of glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy.