bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benzylideneaniline. I. Structure and Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum of Benzylideneaniline
Authors: Ebara Nozomu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ultraviolet absorption spectra of benzylideneanilines, as well as of their conjugate acids, have been measured.
These spectra can not be explained with the ever believed stilbene-type planar structures of these molecules.
An alternative structure is proposed for benzylideneaniline with the benzene ring of aniline part nearly perpendicular to the rest of the molecule.
This structure also adequately explains many experimental evidences, which have been investigated previously but are not accounted for by the planar structure.
Effect of Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide on the Electrical Conductivity of Zinc Oxide
Authors: Kubokawa Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate of increase in conductivity of zinc oxide caused by hydrogen was found to be proportional to p0.85 and to have an activation energy of 21 kcal./mol. For this system the activation energy of the increase of donors was shown to be almost the same as that of the conductivity increase. The activation energy of the decrease of donors by evacuation was 31 kcal./mol. A similar conductivity increase was observed with carbon monoxide. On the basis of these results together with those of adsorption measurements reported previously, it was concluded that the conductivity increase was scarcely related at all to the hydrogen chemisorption, indicating that it is untenable to postulate two such types of hydrogen chemisorption as was believed in the previous work, i.e., one responsible for the conductivity increase and the other without such effect. As for the cause of the conductivity increase, the surface reduction of zinc oxide was suggested.
The Transition Polymerization of Acrylamide. I. On the Polymerization Condition and the Property of Polymer
Authors: Ogata Naoya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polymerization condition for the transition polymerization of acrylamide to poly-β-alanine has been investigated in the presence of alkali catalyst. The catalytic effect of alkali catalysts is largest for tertiary alkoxide and that of alkali metals is in the order as K&gt;N&gt;Li. The yield of polymer is larger in the solvents of lower dielectric constant and in aromatic solvents than in aliphatic solvents. The polymerization seldom occurs in the solvents with active hydrogen. The property of the polymer has also been investigated.
Photoreduction of Methylene Blue by Visible Light in the Aqueous Solution Containing Certain Kinds of Inorganic Salts. I. General Features of the Reaction
Authors: Usui Yoshiharu , Obata Hiroshi , Koizumi Masao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was discovered that the irradiation of the aqueous solution of methylene blue containing various kinds of salts, produces the leuco form of dye; accompanied with this reaction, irreversible photodecomposition of dye and demethylation occurs to some extent. Hydroxide, phosphate and borate were found to be most effective in promoting this photoreduction. Careful studies were performed to counteract the possible effect of impurity. Since the present reaction was considered most certainly to be due to the ultimate fission of water, the analysis for Oxygen and hydrogen peroxide was undertaken. The former was not detected by means of a mass-spectrograph in case of phosphate, but the latter was chemically detected in case of borate buffer. The connection between the quantity of demethylation and that of the formation of leuco dye was investigated and clarified to some extent.
Thermodynamical Studies on Binary Systems Consisting of Polar and Non-polar Liquids. II. The Measurement of the Heats of Mixing for Binary Systems of Polar and Non-polar Liquids
Authors: Amaya Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The heats of mixing were measured for 22 binary systems of polar and non-polar liquids where the pairs of liquids have similar molecular sizes.
For the systems in which the non-polar components are non-aromatic, the van Laar coefficients α are positive and increase smoothly as the concentration of polar liquids decrease. This variation of α with concentration is attributed to the effect of dipole of the polar component.
However, for the systems where the nonpolar components are aromatic, the values of α are smaller than that of the corresponding non-aromatic system and are even negative for most of the cases and decrease with concentration of polar component in most concentration ranges.
The sharp difference between two groups of the binary systems, was attributed to the structural difference of aromatic and non-aromatic non-polar components.
The effect presumably due to the quadrupole of the non-polar components was noticed.
Photochemical Processes due to n-π* and π-π* Transitions of 2-Picoline N-Oxide in the Vapor Phase
Authors: Hata Norisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The gaseous photolysis of 2-picoline N-oxide was carried out by irradiation with the 3261Å (Cd 3P1) or 2537Å (Hg 3P1) resonance lines corresponding to an n-π* or a π-π* absorption of this substance, respectively.
In the case of 3261Å irradiation, the major product was 2-pyridinemethanol, whose quantum yield showed a marked temperature-dependence. The activation energy necessary for the production of 2-pyridinemethanol was estimated to be about 3.4 kcal. mol−1.
On the other hand, the photolytic products at 2537 Å irradiation were 2-picoline and other decomposition products and polymers. The quantum yield of 2-picoline showed a marked temperature-dependence, which may be attributed to the interaction between the 2-methyl group and the N→O group. The activation energy necessary for the production of 2-picoline was estimated to be about 1.1 kcal. mol−1.
Dehydrogenation of Secondary Alcohols with Reduced Copper. III. Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Isopropyl Alcohol (Part 1)
Authors: Kawamoto Kazuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to determine whether the dehydrogenating activity of reduced copper is affected by the species of precipitants in the preparation, the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone was studied by using five different precipitants, i. e. sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate. The dehydrogenation was the highest with no side reaction at 305∼325°C, especially when potassium bicarbonate was used as precipitant.
When the copper catalysts, prepared with sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and potassium carbonate, were used, condensation together with dehydrogenation occurred. The formation of higher ketones is explained by the assumption of intermolecular dehydration between acetone and original isopropyl alcohol.
Syntheses and Ultraviolet Spectra of Aromatic Azo Compounds. I. Bromo-methylazobenzenes
Authors: Nomura Yujiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) Twelve bromo-methylazobenzenes have been synthesized by the reactions of Grignard reagents with zinc chloride double salts of diazonium compounds. Ten of them are new compounds.
2) The ultraviolet absorption spectra of bromo-methylazobenzenes have been measured and some regularities of the absorption maxima have been observed in them.
Acid-Base Property and Metal Chelate Formation of 4-(2-Pyridylazo)-resorcinol
Authors: Iwamoto Toschitake 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acid dissociation stages of analytical reagent 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol (PAR) and metal chelate formation of PAR were investigated by absorption measurements and pH-titrations. The first acid dissociation constant was determined as 1.48×10−6 (pka1=5.83) and the second as 3.2×10−13 (pka2=12.5) at 25°C. PAR forms 1 : 2 chelate with Fe(III), Co(II) and Ni(II), and forms 1:1 chelate with Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II). The stability constant of copper(II)-PAR chelate was determined as 5×1011 at 25°C. Some analytical aspects of PAR were also discussed.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Steric Effect in Dimethylphenols
Authors: Yamaguchi Ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The nuclear magnetic resonance in dimethylphenols were observed. The dependences of the chemical shifts for the methyl, hydroxyl and ring protons on solvent and concentration were measured and several clear differences were observed among the spectra of the isomers. The phenols with one or two ortho methyl groups showed peculiar behaviors which may be ascribed to the interaction between the hydroxyl group and the ortho proton or ortho methyl protons. The evidience of the steric hindrance of the ortho methyl group to form an intermolecular hydrogen bond is also shown in the present measurements.
Dehydrogenation of Secondary Alcohols with Reduced Copper. V. Catalytic Dehydrogenation of sec-Butyl Alcohol
Authors: Kawamoto Kazuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was confirmed that ethyl methyl ketone and 5-methyl-3-heptanone are produced from sec-butyl alcohol with reduced copper alone. Two distinct types of reduced copper were prepared by precipitation with sodium hydroxide and with potassium carbonate. They differ somewhat in their ability to promote dehydrogenation of sec-butyl alcohol and differ greatly in their power to bring about condensation. The copper catalyst prepared with potassium carbonate acts to dehydrogenate sec-butyl alcohol at all the temperatures examined (185∼325°C), giving ethyl methyl ketone, but the catalyst prepared with sodium hydroxide acts to dehydrogenate and to condense simultaneously at a certain temperature (220°C), giving 5-methyl-3-heptanone along with ethyl methyl ketone, and this affords a new synthetic method for 5-methyl-3-heptanone. sec-Butyl alcohol was converted into ethyl methyl ketone in 94∼96% yield with no side reaction by passing it over these catalysts at 325°C.
Investigation on Mixed Complexes. VI. General Discussion on the Formation of Mixed Complexes
Authors: Kida Sigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The stability of a mixed complex, [MAiBj], was discussed and compared with the complexes, [MAn] and [MBn], (where A, B and M represent ligands and central ion, respectively, and i+j=n).
It was verified by calculation that the electrostatic effect exerts an influence so as to promote the formation of a mixed complex. The effect of σ-covalency of the coordination bond can be considered analogously to the electrostatic one, and is expected to have a similar influence upon mixed-complex formation. The above discussion is supported by experimental data, showing that the mixed complex is formed, in general, more often than can be expected statistically.
However, there are some exceptions to the above-mentioned rule, for instance, in the cases of cyano platinum(II) complexes or dipyridyl complexes. They are attributed to π-bonding between the ligands and the central ion. Discussion has been made concerning the reason why π-bonds depress the formation of mixed complexes.
Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanohydrin Synthesis with Synthetic Optically Active Polymer. I. Synthesis of Benzaldehyde Cyanohydrin
Authors: Tsuboyama Sei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Poly-s-isobutyl-ethylenimine was synthesized and with it asymmetric synthesis of benzaldehyde cyanohydrin was carried out with good results: P% is 20%.
This is ascribable to (1) the steric effect of the isobutyl group adjacent to the amino group in the polymer, (2) the stereo-regularity of the polymer, and presence of an asymmetric center and functional group in the main chain of the polymer, and (3) the spiral structure, if it exists, of the polymer enhancing its stereoregularity effect.
The Reaction of Tropoids and Quinone Derivatives. III. Reaction of Several Tropolones and o-Benzoquinone Dibenzimide
Authors: Seto Shuichi , Nishiyama Yukio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Reaction of tropolone and o-benzoquinone dibenzimide was carried out and the structure of its product was determined by deriving it to a 2-phenylbenzimidazole derivative. This revealed that the product is N-(tropolone-5-yl)-N,N′-dibenzoly-o-phennylenediamine. 3-Bromotropolone and 3, 7-dibromotropolone also underwent the same reaction to afford the corresponding bromo derivatives. For the sake of identification, 1-(4′-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-2-phenylbenzimidazole was synthesized from 2-amino-4′-methyldiphenylamine.
Krypton-85 in the Atmosphere
Authors: Kigoshi Kunihiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The activities of atmospheric krypton-85 were measured on the samples of krypton collected in Tokyo. The observed activities show a remarkable increase after May, 1960, which can not be explained by the production of krypton-85 by nuclear tests. The slow increase before May, 1960, does not contradict an assumed parallelism between the behavior of the man-made carbon-14 in the atmosphere and that of the krypton-85 produced by nuclear tests.
Gas Absorption by Cobalt Soaps
Authors: Funakoshi Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The gas absorption by cobalt oleate and stearate has been studied. It was found that cobalt oleate absorbs oxygen very remarkably, but nitrogen and hydrogen, very little. Cobalt stearate absorbs oxygen negligibly, but in the presence of oleic acid the absorption becomes considerable. From the studies of ultraviolet and infrared spectra and X-ray analysis of the oxygen absorption by cobalt oleate, it was found that oxygen is coordinated by the cobalt atom and destroys the double bond structure. The probable mechanism of the catalytic action of cobalt soaps has also been presented.
Infrared Absorption Spectra of Water of Crystallization in Sodium Sulfate Decahydrate Crystals
Authors: Gamo Itaru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The observed spectra of water of crystallization were interpreted on the basis of the effect of hydrogen bonding. It was proposed that at least two kinds of water molecules exist in the unit cell of the crystal. The corresponding two O–H…O distances were roughly estimated to be 3.01 and 2.58 Å respectively by the use of Glemser’s relationship between the stretching frequency and the hydrogen bond distance.
Studies of the Structure and Properties of Aromatic Polyamide. I. Physical Properties of Poly(m-xylyleneadipamide)
Authors: Yoda Naoya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Poly(m-xylyleneadipamide) was synthesized by the polycondensation of m-xylylenediamine and adipic acid, and the resulting polymer was melt-spun to afford a mono-filament. The physical properties of the undrawn filament, the stretched filament, and the stretched and annealed filament were investigated. It was found that the dynamic mechanical behavior and the chemical property of the aromatic polyamide are intermediate between poly-s-capramide and polyethylene terephthalate.
On the Association of Condensed Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Concentrated Sulfuric Acid
Authors: Handa Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of the concentration on the absorption spectra of condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their related carbonyl derivatives in concentrated surfuric acid was studied in the concentration range from 10−6to 10−3 mol. per liter. The free energies and heats of formation of these associates were also measured.
In the case of the dibenzopyrene molecule in 96 per cent sulfuric acid, it is observed that various kinds of association, such as 8, 16 etc., were obtained in successive steps with the increase in the concentration of the solute, while in the case of carbonyl derivatives, only one kind of associate was observed, the number of degree of association of which was observed to be 2, 4 and 16.
In the case of dibenzopyrene in 96 per cent sulfuric acid, where it is believed to be doubly protonated, the cause of association might be explained by the dispersion effect, while the blue-shift of the absorption peak of the monomer is clearly observed in successive steps succession with the increase in the concentration of the solute.
However in the case of carbonyl derivatives and dibenzopyrene in 86 per cent sulfuric acid, where they are singly protonated, it is observed that they do not show any blue-shift of their absorption peaks but a lowering of the extinction coefficient.
As is illustrated in Table I, their experimental heat of association may possibly not be explained by the dispersion effect alone. It may be necessary to take into consideration some kind of hydrogen-bonding between the carbonyl oxygen atoms and the proton.
The Formation and Crystalline Nature of Boron Nitride in the Reaction of Boron Oxide with Sodium Amide
Authors: Tagawa Hiroaki , Itouji Otokichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of boron oxide with sodium amide has been investigated using differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry. The reaction occurs at 210°C, the melting point of sodium amide, while in the presence of a large amount of sodium hydroxide, the reaction temperature is lowered to 165°C. It has been shown from the results of the differential thermal analysis that the reaction of boron oxide with sodium amide commences as soon as the sodium amide melts.
The boron nitride formed completes the skeletal structure of B–N hexagonal layers even at 200°C. The fundamental infrared absorption spectra of boron nitride is very little influenced by the fabrication temperature. The crystal-linity of boron nitride as shown by the inter layer spacing and the crystallite size increases with the reaction temperature.
The Solution Behavior of Polystyrene Derivatives: Poly-p-chlorostyrene
Authors: Saito Takahide 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polar group in the para position of the benzene ring of poly-p-chlorostyrene has a remarkable influence on the solution behavior and that, especially, the chain in the polar solvent is particularly extensive because of the interaction between the C–Cl group in the para position and the polar solvent.
The Structural Assignments for the Geometrical Isomers of α,α′ -Dimethylstilbene
Authors: Nagai Yoichiro , Simamura Osamu , Ehara Leo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
cis- and trans-4, 4′-Dinitro-α, α′ -dimethylstilbene were prepared by oxidation of p-nitroacetophenone hydrazone with lead dioxide in benzene, followed by treatment with sulphur dioxide. Catalytic reduction of the trans-dinitro compound gave at least 64% of trans-4,4′-diamino-α, α′-dimethylstilbene, m. p. 157.6°C, and a similar reduction of the cis-dinitro compound afforded a mixture of the cis- and trans-diamino compound which was shown to contain at least 61% of the cis-isomer. On de-amination, the trans-diamino compound yielded α, α′-dimethylstilbene melting at 107°C, and the above mixture of the cis- and trans-isomer, a mixture of the isomeric α, α′-dimethylstil-benes in which the lower melting form predominated (at least 70%). These findings establish that α, α′-dimethylstilbene, m.p. 107°C, has the trans- and the isomer, m. p. 67 °C, the cis-configuration.
Physicochemical Studies on Cobalt Salts of Higher Fatty Acids. VII. Effects of Solvents on Cobalt Soaps. Solubilities and Color Changes of Cobalt Soaps in Solvents, and Adsorption of Water Vapor on Cobalt Soaps
Authors: Kambe Hirotaro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effects of various solvents on cobalt soaps were investigated. The solubility of cobalt soap was low in general. In pyridine and bromoform, it showed a considerable value. In a hot state, several solvents dissolved cobalt soaps fairly well. In some solvents, jellies were obtained on cooling. In other solvents, the color changed to a dirty yellow. Absorption spectra showed that the absorption maxima in these solutions were displaced for a shorter wavelength. This means that a change of the electronic configuration occurred.
Adsorption of water vapor on cobalt soaps was measured. Red dihydrate seemed to adsorb much more water vapor than blue anhydrate.
Periodic Acid Oxidation on N-Arylamino Alcohols
Authors: Hattori Kiyoshi , Harada Hirokiti , Hirata Yoshimasa 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The authors have examined the cleavage reaction with periodic acid of the N-aryl-α-amino alcohols. It has been seen that the α-amino alcohols do not react with the oxidant when substituted by the N-2,4-dinitrophenyl or o-nitrophenyl group. When N-aryl-α-amino aldehyde groups were produced during the course of oxidation, the normal cleavage reaction took place even if the substituent was a N-2,4-dinitrophenyl group. An over-oxidation was observed in the periodate oxidation of other N-aryl-α-amino alcohols, and it was proved that the cause of such high consumption of periodic acid was due to the oxidation of the aromatic amine that was produced by the normal cleavage of the N-aryl-α-amino alcohol group.
Electronic Structures of Naphthalenediols. II. β, β′-Naphthalenediols
Authors: Nishimoto Kichisuke , Fujishiro Ryoichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The molecular diagrams and extradelocalization energies of the 2,3-, 2,6- and 2,7-naphthalenediols were calculated by using the LCAO MO method. To elucidate the effect of the 9–10 bond on the molecular properties of naphthalene derivatives, we carried out calculations of the electronic structures of naphthalene hydroxy derivatives based on the perimeter model. These calculations proved that:
1) The 3-position in the naphthalene derivatives in less reative than the other positions.
2) The α-derivatives are more stable than the β-derivatives.
3) The insertion of the 9–10 bond in the perimeter model causes a decrease in the degree of conjugation interactions among the ring and the substituents.
4) In the cases of A, A-derivatives, the substituents have no significant influence on the unsubstituted ring, but produce rather a large effect on the substituted rings.
5) α-Substitutions cause an increase in the mobilities of π-electrons in the direction of the short molecular axis, but the β-substitutions lead to an increase in the direction of the long molecular axis.
Infrared Absorption Spectra of Hydrazides. III. Hydrazides of Aliphatic Acids
Authors: Mashima Mitsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The infrared absorption spectra of the hydrazides of aliphatic acids have been examined in the rock salt region. The N-H stretching frequencies are found near 3200 and 3030 cm−1 in the solid state and near 3320 cm−1 in dilute solution. The amide I band is seen near 1600 cm−1 in the solid state, while in solution there are two bands, near 1720 and 1690 cm−1. In the solid state the amide II band appears near 1490 cm−1. The amide III band is found near the lower limit of the normal range of 1305∼1200 cm−1 for the secondary amides.
Complexing Behavior of Kojic Acid with Metal Ions. I. Mg(II) and Mn(II) Chelates
Authors: Murakami Yukito 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Chelating tendencies of kojic acid toward divalent magnesium and manganese ions have been investigated in aqueous media at 25.0±0.1°C and 0.10 m of ionic strength. In spite of the difference in their electronic configurations, both metal ions formed similar chelate compounds and indicated an optimum coördination number of four. Both metal ions formed kojate chelates whose stabilities are nearly equal to the corresponding metal chelates of β-diketones of the same acidity.
Effect of Non-hydrogen Bonding Solvents on the Electronic Spectra of Aromatic N-Oxides
Authors: Kubota Tanekazu , Yamakawa Masumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The strong π-π* absorption bands of pyridine N-oxide, 4-nitropyridine N-oxide, acridine N-oxide and N-methylbenzaldoxime were measured in various solvents, and the frequency shifts induced by solvents were quantitatively analyzed by applying the McRae’s theory of the solvent effect. On the other hand, the fluorescence spectra of acridine N-oxide have also been recorded in various solvents, and the solvent effect has been discussed in connection with that of the absorption spectra. The results show that the π-electron transfer from the oxygen atom to the ring is much greater in the excited state than in the ground state.
The Effect of Dissolved Paramagnetic Ion on the ESR Spectra of Diphenyl Nitric Oxide
Authors: Deguchi Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The broadening effect of dissolved oxygen and foreign paramagnetic ions on the ESR spectra of the DPNO solution has been discussed. Using the BPP theory, it is explained that this effect is mainly caused by the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction of an electron with with a proton nuclear spin.