bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia and acquired α‐2‐plasmin inhibitor deficiency: a retrospective look at the use of epsilon‐aminocaproic acid (Amicar) in 30 patients
Authors: Wassenaar T. , Black J. , Kahl B. , Schwartz B. , Longo W. , Mosher D. , Williams E. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBleeding diathesis and a hyper‐fibrinolytic state often accompany a diagnosis of Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia (APML). This complication can have grave effects if not successfully treated, with a 10–20% incidence of haemorrhagic death. We hypothesized that α‐2‐antiplasmin levels would correlate with the risk for bleeding, and that administration of epsilon‐aminocaproic acid (EACA) would attenuate that risk. To assess this, we conducted a retrospective chart review analyzing 30 APML patients, 17 of whom were treated with EACA. Thirty patients were treated, 21 with primary induction therapy. Patients with low α‐2‐antiplasmin levels were treated with a coagulopathy protocol consisting of low‐dose heparin, EACA and blood product support. Seventeen patients (57%) developed haemorrhagic complications during their treatment. The presence and grade of haemorrhage appeared to be associated with the α‐2‐antiplasmin level. There were no grade IV haemorrhages or episodes of haemorrhagic death. One episode of central venous catheter associated thromboembolism and three deaths from infection during chemotherapy were observed. α‐2‐Antiplasmin levels are a reliable surrogate for fibrinolysis and haemorrhagic risk in patients with APML. Treatment with EACA is a rational way to pharmacologically inhibit fibrinolysis, is associated with a low incidence of severe haemorrhagic events, and appears to be safe with a low risk of thrombosis. Randomized clinical trials further assessing the efficacy and potential toxicity of EACA in inhibiting fibrinolysis in patients with APML are needed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure–activity relationships for hepatocyte toxicity and electrophilic reactivity ofα,β‐unsaturated esters, acrylates and methacrylates
Authors: Chan Katie , O'Brien Peter J. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractCovalent binding of reactive electrophiles to cellular targets is a molecular interaction that has the potential to initiate severe adverse biological effects. Therefore, electrophile reactivity towards biological nucleophiles could serve as an important correlate for toxic effects such as hepatocyte death. To determine if reactivity correlates with rat hepatotoxicity,α,β‐unsaturated esters, consisting of acrylates and methacrylates, that are inherently electrophilic and exhibit widely varying degrees of reactivity were investigated. Reactivity was measured using simple assays with glutathione and butylamine as surrogates for soft thiol and hard amino biological nucleophile targets. A linear relationship was observed between hepatotoxicity and thiol reactivity only, while no amine reactivity was observed. Structure–activity relationships were also investigated, with results showing toxicity was well modeled by electronic parametersELUMOand partial charge of the carbon atoms in the reactive center. No relationship was observed between toxicity and logP. These results suggest that differences in hepatocyte toxicity of acrylates and methacrylates can be related to their electrophilic reactivity which corresponds to their ability to deplete GSH and protein thiols. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polarized Raman microspectroscopy on intact human hair
Authors: Ackermann K. R. , Koster J. , Schlücker S. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPolarization‐resolved Raman microspectroscopy with near‐infrared laser excitation was applied to intact human hair in order to non‐invasively investigate the conformation and orientation of the polypeptide chains. By varying the orientation of the hair shaft relative to the polarization directions of the laser/analyzer, a set of four polarized Raman spectra is obtained; this allows to simultaneously determine both the secondary structure of hair proteins and the orientation of the polypeptide strands relative to the axis of the hair shaft. For the amide I band, results from a quantitative analysis of the polarized Raman spectra are compared with theoretically expected values for fibers with uniaxial symmetry. Based on the polarization behavior of the amide I band and further vibrational bands, a partial ordering of α‐helical polypeptide strands parallel to the hair shaft can be concluded. We suggest that this microspectroscopic approach may be used for human hair diagnostics by detecting structural or orientational alterations of keratins. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Perspectives for spatially resolved molecular spectroscopy – Raman on the nanometer scale
Authors: Deckert‐Gaudig T. , Bailo E. , Deckert V. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractNano‐objects and cellular components are of great interest in biological sciences. Tip‐enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a tool that allows addressing of such features for structural investigations without the need of further labelling. After brief introduction to the basic aspects of the technique an overview of present application of TERS is given. For this contribution we picked TERS experiments with emphasis on its application in life sciences.Based on these experiments, the future perspective of this analytical method and its limitations is discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Chitosan/poly(L‐lactic acid) multilayered membrane for guided tissue regeneration
Authors: Ku Young , Shim In Kyong , Lee Jue Yoen , Park Yoon Jeong , Rhee Sang‐Hoon , Nam Sung Heon , Park Jun Beom , Chung Chong Pyoung , Lee Seung Jin 
Published: July 2008

AbstractA chitosan/poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) multilayered membrane was prepared for the purpose of guided tissue regeneration (GTR). The membrane was composed of the outer layers of chitosan mesh and the middle layer of nanoporous PLLA membrane. The outer membranes of chitosan fibrous mesh present a highly biocompatible and rough surface for ease of cell adherence. The PLLA membrane is intended to provide mechanical strength to the membrane, thereby preventing epithelial invasion. The PLLA membrane was applied as a local drug delivery carrier for growth factors. Regular pores in PLLA membrane were generated through phase inversion of polymer solution. The membrane retained its integrity during the degradation process in vitro (for up to 8 weeks), which is a requirement for providing enough space in vivo in the GTR procedure. Osteoblasts firmly attached to broad cytoplasmic extensions along with the microfibers of the membrane. The phenotypic expression of cultured osteoblasts on the membrane was measured by a reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. New bone had formed beneath the chitosan/PLLA membrane. These results suggested that the chitosan/PLLA membranes properly functioned as biocompatible and mechanically stable barriers for GTR. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Inverted human umbilical arteries with tunable wall thicknesses for nerve regeneration
Authors: Crouzier Thomas , McClendon Trosper , Tosun Zehra , McFetridge Peter S. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractTubular nerve guides have shown a potential to bridge nerve defects, by directing neuronal elongation, localizing growth factors, and inhibiting fibrotic cellular ingrowth. These investigations describe a novel acellular scaffold derived from the human umbilical cord artery that aims to enhance nerve regeneration by presenting a unique mechanical and chemical environment to the damaged nerve ends. A rapid, semiautomated dissection technique is described that isolates the human umbilical artery (HUA) from the umbilical cord, after which the vessel is decellularized using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The artery is turned inside out to produce a 3D scaffold, that unlike previous vessels for nerve repair, is more resistant to collapse. The scaffold has the potential as either an acellular bridge‐implant, or for in vitro nerve regeneration. Stress–strain relationships and suture retention were assessed to determine whether the material had similar mechanical properties to native nerves. A dual process‐flow perfusion bioreactor was developed to assess glucose mass transfer, and to investigate the culture of neuronal‐like PC12 cells within the scaffold. These investigations have shown the automated dissecting method yields a smooth tubular scaffold, where wall thickness can be tuned to alter the mechanical behavior of the scaffold. Inverting the scaffold prevents collapse, with the decellularized iHUA having comparable mechanical properties to native nerves. Bioreactor cultures with PC12 cells seeded within iHUA lumenal void were shown to adhere and migrate into the preexisting ECM after 11 days of culture. These investigations show the potential of the iHUA as a unique 3D scaffold that may enhance nerve regeneration. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Permeability changes of the cell‐contained microcapsules visualized by confocal laser scanning microscope
Authors: Lv Guojun , Sun Zhijie , Li Shuangyue , Yu Weiting , Xie Yubing , Zhang Ying , Xie Hongguo , Li Xiaoxia , Wang Wei , Ma Xiaojun 
Published: July 2008

AbstractMicroencapsulation of recombinant cells is a novel means for gene therapy. However, one of the major concerns is the relationship between the permeability of microcapsule and cell growth. Many studies have focused on the permeability of empty microcapsule, but little is known about the effect of the cell growth on the permeability of a cell‐contained microcapsule. A combination of fluorescence labeled protein and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) provides the information about the permeability changes during the cell growth. A decrease of membrane permeability was detected on the 14th day. Meanwhile, membrane surface protein fouling was also investigated. A significant increase of membrane surface protein content was detected on the 21st day. In order to study the effect of the permeability changes on the cell viability, the membrane of cell‐contained microcapsules with different permeability was set up by incubating gel beads in poly‐L‐lysine for 5 and 30 min, respectively, to mimic the bovine serum albumin cutoff, and a retard of cell growth was found in 7 days' culture. These results showed that the protein fouling of the microcapsule membrane caused by the cell growth may be an important factor to influence cell viability. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Novel apatite fiber scaffolds can promote three‐dimensional proliferation of osteoblasts in rodent bone regeneration models
Authors: Morisue Hikaru , Matsumoto Morio , Chiba Kazuhiro , Matsumoto Hideo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Aizawa Mamoru , Kanzawa Nobuyuki , Fujimi Takahiro J. , Uchida Hiroshi , Okada Isao 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe have successfully synthesized hydroxyapatite fibers via a homogenous precipitation method. Using these hydroxyapatite fibers, we have produced the apatite fiber scaffolds (AFS) with well‐controlled pore sizes (porosity above 95%). The AFS is relatively simple to synthesize, and its porosity and pore size are controllable. The usefulness of AFS as a scaffold for bone regeneration was evaluated by (1) seeding and culturing cells in the AFS in vitro, (2) implanting the AFS seeded with cells inside the subcutaneous tissue of mice. The AFS had biocompatibility to support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Ectopic bone formation could be formed in the AFS at 12 weeks after implantation into the subcutaneous tissue. Because of its high interpore connection, pore diameters, and porosity, it was believed that AFS was an effective scaffold that provided a three‐dimensional cell culture environment. In both in vitro and in vivo environments, the more porous AFS was more advantageous in cell proliferation, cell adhesion, proliferating capacity, robust cell differentiation, ultimately inducing bone ingrowth inside the scaffolds. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Current developments and future prospects for heart valve replacement therapy
Authors: Kidane Asmeret G. , Burriesci Gaetano , Cornejo Patricia , Dooley Audrey , Sarkar Sandip , Bonhoeffer Philipp , Edirisinghe Mohan , Seifalian Alexander M. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractValve replacement is the most common surgical treatment in patients with advanced valvular heart disease. Mechanical and bio‐prostheses have been the traditional heart valve replacements in these patients. However, currently the heart valves for replacement therapy are imperfect and subject patients to one or more ongoing risks, including thrombosis, limited durability, and need for re‐operations due to the lack of growth in pediatric populations. Furthermore, they require an open heart surgery, which is risky for elderly and young children who are too weak or ill to undergo major surgery. This article reviews the current state of the art of heart valve replacements in light of their potential clinical applications. In recent years polymeric materials have been widely studied as potential prosthetic heart valve material being designed to overcome the clinical problems associated with both mechanical and bio‐prosthetic valves. The review also addresses the advances in polymer materials, tissue engineering approaches, and the development of percutaneous valve replacement technology and discusses the future prospects in these fields. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Influence of different air‐abrasive powders on cell viability at biologically contaminated titanium dental implants surfaces
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Ferrari Daniel , Popovski Kristian , Hartig Brigitte , Becker Jürgen 
Published: July 2008

AbstractStudies have indicated that oral biofilm formation at structured titanium surfaces interferes with cell adhesion and proliferation, and its removal by means of conventional treatment procedures may not be sufficient to render these surfaces biologically acceptable. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of different air‐abrasive powders on cell viability at biologically contaminated titanium dental implant surfaces. Intraoral splints were used to collect an in vivo biofilm on sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium discs for 48 h. A single (1x) and repeated (2x) use of four different powders (amino acid glycine or sodium bicarbonate particles; range of mean particle size (dv50):20—75 μm) was applied at two distances (1 and 2 mm) and angles (30° and 90°) to the surfaces. Specimens (2x) were incubated with SaOs‐2 cells for 7 days. Residual biofilm (RB) areas (%), and surface alterations (SEM) (1x and 2x), as well as SaOs‐2 cell viability, expressed as mitochondrial cell activity (MA) (counts/second) (2x specimens), were assessed. Comparable mean RB areas were observed within and between groups after both 1x (RB: 0.0% ± 0.0% to 5.7% ± 5.7%) and 2x (RB: 0.0% ± 0.0%) treatments. All surface treatments did not lead to MA (2x) values comparable to the sterile control group. However, sodium bicarbonate particles resulted in significantly higher MA (2x) values than amino acid glycine powders of different sizes. This was associated with pronounced alterations of the surface morphology (2x). Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that SaOs‐2 cell viability at biologically contaminated titanium surfaces was mainly influenced by the particle type of the powder. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Structure and surface reactivity of novel nanoporous alumina fillers
Authors: Azevedo Christophe , Tavernier Bruno , Vignes Jean‐Louis , Cenedese Pierre , Dubot Pierre 
Published: July 2008

AbstractRecent studies have shown that the particle size of fillers used for the reinforcement of dental resin composites should be multimodally distributed, in which micron‐sized fillers are mixed with nanoparticles so as to achieve a higher filler level in the resin, and should be kept well dispersed so as to be functionalized by a silane. In this study, porous alumina monoliths with high specific surface area, measured by the Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) method, were obtained using a novel preparation method. Structure and surface reactivity have been investigated as functions of temperature and chemical treatments. The impregnation of the as‐prepared material by triméthyletoxysilane (TMES) stabilized alumina with high specific surface area at higher temperature. FTIR study has described the effect of TMES treatment and temperature on the structure of the material. The use of allyldimethoxysilane (ADMS), as a probe molecule for measuring the surface reactivity, has allowed us to show that the treatment of samples with TMES and their reheating at 1300°C results in adsorption sites which give stronger chemical bonds. This preliminary study has, therefore, allowed us to optimize the structural and surface treatment of experimental fillers before their use in the reinforcement of resin composites or resin‐modified glass ionomer cements. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Surface topography of zirconia implants does not alter action potentials of isolated rat sciatic nerves
Authors: Ertan Ahmet Atila , Çelebi Nilüfer , Bayolken Merve , Onur Mehmet Ali , Aboushelib Moustafa Nabil , Feilzer Albert , Cehreli Murat 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of airborne‐particle abrasion and selective infiltration etching of a yttrium‐partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y‐TZP) implant surfaces on nerve conduction. Particle‐abraded Y‐TZP (P/Y‐TZP), selective infiltration etched Y‐TZP (SIE/Y‐TZP), and commercially pure titanium (CP‐Ti) were used in the study (n = 5).The compound action potentials of the right and left sciatic nerves of eight sacrificed rats were quantified at the in vitro level. The implants were brought into intimate contact with the nerves and the time required for initiation of compound action potentials (TcAP), depolarization (Dp), repolarization (Rp), and amplitude of evoked compound action potentials (cAPs) were recorded before and after contact with the implants. The difference in cAPs between the basal response and after contact with CP‐Ti implant was significant (p < 0.05). Time‐dependent changes in cAPs of P/Y‐TZP and SIE/Y‐TZP groups and their basal nerve responses were similar (p > 0.05). Within‐ and between‐subject comparisons revealed that TcAP, Dp, and Rp values for all groups were similar (p > 0.05). Particle‐abraded and selective infiltration‐etched zirconia implant surfaces do not alter nerve conduction beyond physiologic limits. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Comparative study of thein vitrointeraction of two fibroblast cell lines with a polyalkyl‐imide hydrogel
Authors: Dini Luciana , Tenuzzo Bernadetta , Miccoli Maria Antonietta , Miceli Valerio , Protopapa Carmelo , Ramires Piera Angela 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThein vitroeffects of polyalkyl‐imide hydrogel (PAI) containing 96% pyrogen‐free water on the viability, apoptosis, cell shape and metabolic activities of murine 3T3 and human Detroit 555 fibroblasts were investigated. Analysis of the viscous‐elastic properties and the ultrastructure of PAI, performed by rheometer and AFM respectively, showed that the material has the typical characteristics of hydrogel, including a three‐dimensional configuration of molecules arranged in a regular network with many discrete caveolae where most of the water is captured. Hydrogel biocompatibility was found to be high for both cell lines, with some differences. Cell viability decreased more in 3T3 cells than Detroit 550 fibroblasts when cultured in the presence of 100 mg/ml hydrogel but not at concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/ml hydrogel. The period of incubation with PAI (24 and 48 h) only partially affected cell viability. Apoptosis, most likely due to cells' inability to adhere to the polymer, was the only type of cell death observed. Fibroblasts grown in the presence of polymer were always metabolically active since they continued to synthesize collagen. In conclusion, PAI hydrogel, even at high concentrations, was biocompatible for both fibroblasts, but in particular for human cells, thus encouraging its use as a dermal filler. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Placenta growth factor, PLGF, influences the motility of lung cancer cells, the role of Rho associated kinase, Rock1
Authors: Chen Jinfeng , Ye Lin , Zhang Lijian , Jiang Wen G. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPlacenta growth factor (PlGF) is a member of the VEGF family and has been implicated in the aggressive capacity of solid tumours, partly via its impact on angiogenesis. The present study determined the direct biological function of endogenous PlGF in lung cancer cells. From the human non‐small cell lung cancer cell line A549 which expressed good level of PlGF, we created sublines within which PlGF expression was knockdown by way of anti‐PlGF ribozyme transgenes. Remarkable reductions of both PlGF mRNA and protein by the ribozyme transgenes were revealed in A549 transfectants (A549ΔPlGF) using RT‐PCR and Western blotting respectively. A549ΔPlGF cells exhibited significantly reduced migration and adhesion compared with the wild‐type (A549WT) and the empty plasmid control (A549pEF/His) cells. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting further revealed that the expression of ROCK1, Rho associated kinase, was also reduced in A549ΔPlGF cells, in comparison with wild‐type and control cells. In addition, A549ΔPlGF cells lost its response to a ROCK inhibitor, which otherwise strongly inhibited the motility of A549WT and A549pEF/His cells. These data indicate that PlGF directly regulates the motility of human lung cancer cells and that this regulation critically dependent on ROCK‐1. The study further indicates that PlGF is a potential therapeutic target in lung cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 313–320, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pregabalin and gabapentin inhibit substance P‐induced NF‐κB activation in neuroblastoma and glioma cells
Authors: Park Seyeon , Ahn Eun Sook , Han Dong Woo , Lee Jong Hwa , Min Kyung Tae , Kim Hyunkyung , Hong Yong‐Woo 
Published: July 2008

AbstractPregabalin and gabapentin are lipophilic amino acid derivatives of γ‐amino butyric acid that show anticonvulsant and analgesic activity against neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated their actions on substance P‐induced NF‐κB activation in human neuroblastoma and rat glioma cells. Pregabalin and gabapentin decreased substance P‐induced NF‐κB activation in these cells. These drugs also inhibited NF‐κB activation in rat spinal dorsal root ganglia cells pre‐treated in vitro with substance P. These results suggest a previously undefined role of pregabalin and gabapentin in the regulation of inflammation‐related intracellular signaling in both neuronal and glial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 414–423, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.