bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing organizational readiness for the Clean Cuts and Sharp Minds Collective: a barbershop health promotion network
Authors: Wippold Guillermo M. , Crichlow Zion R. , Garcia Kaylyn A. , Domlyn Ariel , Sanchez Shane , Frank Lucina , Mote Thrisha , Frary Sarah Grace , Woods Terry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Black men have among the lowest life expectancy in the United States. Alarmingly, these men are underrepresented in health promotion efforts. There are well-documented barriers to recruiting and retaining Black men in health promotion efforts, such as exclusionary research practices – many researchers may be hesitant to reach Black men in culturally unique spaces, such as barbershops. Despite these practices, qualitative research among Black men unanimously find that Black men are interested in health promotion efforts. The Clean Cuts and Sharp Minds Collective (CCSMC) was designed to bridge this gap. The objectives of the CCSMC are to train barbers to be lay advocates for their clients, train barbers to be research partners, and serve as a nexus between barbers interested in health promotion at their shops and researchers interested in implementing such efforts. The present study sought to assess the organizational readiness of barbershops in South Carolina (SC) to participate in the CCSMC.

Methods
Barbers in SC were invited to complete a modified version of the Readiness Thinking Tool to assess organizational readiness to participate in the CCSMC.

Results
Thirty-six (36; mean age = 41.12; 94.4% identified as Black; 91.7% identified as male) barbers completed the organizational readiness assessment. Results indicated that there was a high level of motivation, innovation-specific capacity, and general capacity within barbershops to participate in the CCSMC. Additionally, many barbers indicated that there would be widespread support to join the CCSMC.

Conclusions
The results from the present study highlight exciting opportunities and future directions for barbershop-academic partnerships. Such partnerships have the potential to promote health equity among, and in partnership with, Black men.
Three-dimensional dipole orientation mapping with high temporal-spatial resolution using polarization modulation
Authors: Zhong Suyi , Qiao Liang , Ge Xichuan , Xu Xinzhu , Fu Yunzhe , Gao Shu , Zhanghao Karl , Hao Huiwen , Wang Wenyi , Li Meiqi , Xi Peng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFluorescence polarization microscopy is widely used in biology for molecular orientation properties. However, due to the limited temporal resolution of single-molecule orientation localization microscopy and the limited orientation dimension of polarization modulation techniques, achieving simultaneous high temporal-spatial resolution mapping of the three-dimensional (3D) orientation of fluorescent dipoles remains an outstanding problem. Here, we present a super-resolution 3D orientation mapping (3DOM) microscope that resolves 3D orientation by extracting phase information of the six polarization modulation components in reciprocal space. 3DOM achieves an azimuthal precision of 2° and a polar precision of 3° with spatial resolution of up to 128 nm in the experiments. We validate that 3DOM not only reveals the heterogeneity of the milk fat globule membrane, but also elucidates the 3D structure of biological filaments, including the 3D spatial conformation of λ-DNA and the structural disorder of actin filaments. Furthermore, 3DOM images the dipole dynamics of microtubules labeled with green fluorescent protein in live U2OS cells, reporting dynamic 3D orientation variations. Given its easy integration into existing wide-field microscopes, we expect the 3DOM microscope to provide a multi-view versatile strategy for investigating molecular structure and dynamics in biological macromolecules across multiple spatial and temporal scales.
Quiescent ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease have potential effect on cognitive function
Authors: Al Balakosy Amira M. , Askar Safa , Naguib Rehab Mohamed , Ayman Sherif , Mubarak Hend 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) imply chronic intestinal inflammation with both local and systemic manifestations. Cognition is a lifelong process of learning and memory processing, which has been identified to be affected by chronic systemic illnesses.

Aim
To evaluate the cognitive functions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in remission

Patients and methods
Inclusion criteria are as follows: 70 IBD patients in remission and a group of 50 healthy control. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used for assessment of global cognitive function and Trail Making Test (TMT) for assessment of executive functions. TMT consists of part A which measures attention and performance speed and part B which measures mental flexibility. Both tests have been previously validated on Arabic-speaking populations.

Results
The study included 70 patients (50 UC and 20 CD), who have been in remission for 21 ± 9 months. Of the included cases, about 51 were already on steroids ± azathioprine, and 19 patients were on biologics. Males represented 60% (n = 42) while females 40% (n = 28), and their mean age was 34 ± 8 years. Both cases and controls were matched for age and sex. The mean score of MMSE among IBD cases was significantly worse than controls (28.5 ± 3 versus 30, P < 0.001). Also, the duration of TMT parts A and B was significantly longer in cases than controls. The cases group scored 32 ± 19.5 s in TMT part A, versus 23 s by the controls. In TMT B, the recorded scores were 255 ± 48, versus 234 s in cases and control groups respectively (P < 0.001). In the cases group, 6 patients (8%) had below normal MMSE score of less than 24, with mild (3 patients, mean score was 21) to moderate cognitive impairment (3 patients, mean score was 15). The presence of extraintestinal manifestation was the only disease-related factor that was associated with cognitive impairment. Of the patient-related factor: older age, being divorced, and living in rural areas were associated with poorer cognitive functions.

Conclusion
IBD patients potentially suffer from cognitive impairment. In our study, factors as extraintestinal complications, older age, marital status, and residence in rural areas could be contributing factors to this impairment.
Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of the diploid Rosa chinensis provides insight into the mechanisms underlying key ornamental traits
Authors: Zhang Xiaoni , Wu Quanshu , Lan Lan , Peng Dan , Guan Huilin , Luo Kaiqing , Bao Manzhu , Bendahmane Mohammed , Fu Xiaopeng , Wu Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRoses are consistently ranked at the forefront in cut flower production. Increasing demands of market and changing climate conditions have resulted in the need to further improve the diversity and quality of traits. However, frequent hybridization leads to highly heterozygous nature, including the allelic variants. Therefore, the absence of comprehensive genomic information leads to them making it challenging to molecular breeding. Here, two haplotype-resolved chromosome genomes for Rosa chinensis ‘Chilong Hanzhu’ (2n = 14) which is high heterozygous diploid old Chinese rose are generated. An amount of genetic variation (1,605,616 SNPs, 209,575 indels) is identified. 13,971 allelic genes show differential expression patterns between two haplotypes. Importantly, these differences hold valuable insights into regulatory mechanisms of traits. RcMYB114b can influence cyanidin-3-glucoside accumulation and the allelic variation in its promoter leads to differences in promoter activity, which as a factor control petal color. Moreover, gene family expansion may contribute to the abundance of terpenes in floral scents. Additionally, RcANT1, RcDA1, RcAG1 and RcSVP1 genes are involved in regulation of petal number and size under heat stress treatment. This study provides a foundation for molecular breeding to improve important characteristics of roses.
Packing optimization of practical systems using a dynamic acceleration methodology
Authors: Douglas Christopher , Huh Jae Sung , Jun Sang Ook , Kim Il Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSystem design is a challenging and time-consuming task which often requires close collaboration between several multidisciplinary design teams to account for complex interactions between components and sub-systems. As such, there is a growing demand in industry to create better performing, efficient, and cost-effective development tools to assist in the system design process. Additionally, the ever-increasing complexity of systems today often necessitates a shift away from manual expertise and a movement towards computer-aided design tools. This work narrows the scope of the system design process by focusing on one critical design aspect: the packaging of system components. The algorithm presented in this paper was developed to optimize the packaging of system components with consideration of practical, system-level functionalities and constraints. Using a dynamic acceleration methodology, the algorithm packages components from an initial position to a final packed position inside of a constrained volume. The motion of components from initial to final positions is driven by several acceleration forces imposed on each component. These accelerations are based on physical interactions between components and their surrounding environment. Various system-level performance metrics such as center of mass alignment and rotational inertia reduction are also considered throughout optimization. Results of several numerical case studies are also presented to demonstrate the functionality and capability of the proposed packaging algorithm. These studies include packaging problems with known optimal solutions to verify the efficacy of the algorithm. Finally, the proposed algorithm was used in a more practical study for the packaging of an urban air mobility nacelle to demonstrate the algorithm’s prospective capabilities in solving real-world packaging problems.
Mood disorders influencing endometriosis and adenomyosis: Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Chen Panyu , Jia Lei , Fang Cong , Li Manchao 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMany studies have found an association between mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis and adenomyosis. However, the cause–effect relationship remains unclear.AimsWe conducted Mendelian randomisation analyses to evaluate any causal relationship between mood disorders and endometriosis as well as different sites of endometriosis.MethodSummary-level statistics for mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis (8288 cases, 68 969 controls) in European populations were derived from large-scale data-sets of genome-wide association studies. A two-sample Mendelian randomisation was performed using the inverse-variance weighted and weight median methods. Further sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy and leave-one-out analyses, were conducted to test the consistency of the results.ResultsGenetically determined mood swings (odds ratio = 2.557, 95% CI: 1.192–5.483, P = 0.016) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.233, 95% CI: 1.019–1.493, P = 0.031) were causally associated with an increased risk of endometriosis. Mood swings (odds ratio = 4.238, 95% CI: 1.194–15.048, P = 0.025) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.512, 95% CI: 1.052–2.173, P = 0.025) were also causally associated with the risk of adenomyosis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the results.ConclusionsOur results suggest that mood-disorder-related traits increase the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. This study provides new insights into the potential pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis, and highlights the importance of preventing endometriosis and adenomyosis in patients with mood-disorder-related traits.
Human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia complex with positive 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid: A case report
Authors: He Yun-Sen , Qin Xiao-Hong , Feng Min , Huang Qin-Jiang , Zhang Meng-Jun , Guo Li-Li , Bao Ming-Bin , Tao Ye , Dai Hong-Yuan , Wu Bo 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD) is a subcortical form of dementia characterized by memory deficits and psychomotor slowing. However, HAD often presents with symptoms similar to those of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), particularly in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
CASE SUMMARY
We report the case of a 54-year-old male who exhibited cognitive dysfunction and secondary behavioral changes following HIV infection and suspected prion exposure. The patient was diagnosed with HIV during hospitalization and his cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for 14-3-3 proteins. His electroencephalogram showed a borderline-abnormal periodic triphasic wave pattern. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed moderate encephalatrophy and demyelination. Initially, symptomatic treatment and administration of amantadine were pursued for presumed CJD, but the patient’s condition continued to deteriorate. By contrast, the patient’s condition improved following anti-HIV therapy. This individual is also the only patient with this prognosis to have survived over 4 years. Thus, the diagnosis was revised to HAD.
CONCLUSION
In the diagnostic process of rapidly progressive dementia, it is crucial to rule out as many potential causes as possible and to consider an autopsy to diminish diagnostic uncertainty. The 14-3-3 protein should not be regarded as the definitive marker for CJD. Comprehensive laboratory screening for infectious diseases is essential to enhance diagnostic precision, especially in AIDS patients with potential CJD. Ultimately, a trial of diagnostic treatment may be considered when additional testing is not feasible.
Oral mucositis & oral health related quality of life in women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer in Karachi, Pakistan: A multicenter hospital based cross-sectional study
Authors: Allana Asad , Shamsi Uzma , Rashid Yasmin , Khan Farhan Raza , Rozi Shafquat 
Published: April 2024

Background
Oral mucositis is an inflammatory condition of oral cavity which is a common and serious side effect of cancer treatment. Severe oral mucositis compromises basic functions like eating and swallowing causing malnutrition also affecting overall patient’s oral health related quality of life. The aim of the study was to find the frequency of oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer during their chemotherapy, the factors associated with oral mucositis & the overall patient’s oral health related quality of life.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 160 women diagnosed with breast cancer, receiving chemotherapy and who had undergone at least one cycle of chemotherapy were recruited from two hospital settings. In-person interviews were done, patients were asked questions about their sociodemographic history, personal habits, oral history and oral findings, breast cancer stage, chemotherapy history and Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Their oral examination was done at the end of the interview to assess presence or absence of oral mucositis, using World Health Organization oral mucositis tool. Oral Health Related Quality of Life was assessed using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire.

Results
Our results showed that out of 160 patients 88 (55%) of the breast cancer cases developed oral mucositis during chemotherapy. The mean Oral Health Impact Profile -14 scores in patients with oral mucositis was high 18.36±0.96 showing poor Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Occasional frequency of brushing was significantly associated with oral mucositis (Prevalence ratio:2.26, 95%_CI 1.06–4.84) compared to those patients who brushed once and twice daily. Low level of education showed negative association with oral mucositis (Prevalence ratio:0.52, 95%_CI 0.31–0.88).

Conclusion
Our study showed significant positive association of occasional brushing with OM and protective association of low level of education with the development of OM. Emphasis should be given to oral hygiene instructions and dental education to cancer patients in oncology clinics with the prescription of mouth washes, gels and toothpaste to patients to decrease OM during chemotherapy.
Vital D: A modifiable occupational risk factor of UK healthcare workers
Authors: Phelan James , Thangamuthu Angukumar , Muthumeenal Srinivasagam , Houston Kirsteen , Everton Mark , Gowda Sathyanarayana , Zhang Jufen , Subramanian Rengarajan 
Published: April 2024

Background
The role of Vitamin D in immune function is well reported with a growing evidence base linking low levels to poorer outcomes from infectious disease. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are prevalent worldwide with healthcare workers identified as a known at-risk group. Here we aim to investigate serum Vitamin D levels in a UK population of front line healthcare workers and to promote the occupational risk.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of 639 volunteers was conducted to identify the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency amongst a population of front-line health care workers in the UK. Participant demographics and co-morbid factors were collected at the time of serum sampling for multivariate analysis.

Results
Only 18.8% of the population had a normal vitamin D level greater than or equal to 75nmol/L. This is compared to Public Health England’s (PHE) stipulated normal levels of 60% during winter. 81.2% had a level less than 75nmol/L, with 51.2% less than 50nmol/L and 6.6% less than 25nmol/L. For serum levels less than 25nmol/L, Asian ethnicity was more likely to have a vitamin D deficiency than non-asian (OR (95%CI): 3.81 (1.73-8.39), p = 0.001), whereas white ethnicity was less likely to have a vitamin D deficiency compared to non-white (OR (95%CI: 0.43 (0.20-0.83), p = 0.03). Other factors that contributed to a higher likelihood of lower-than-normal levels within this population included male sex, decreased age and not taking supplementation.

Conclusion
It is concluded that our population of healthcare workers have higher rates of abnormal vitamin D levels in comparison with the general UK population reported prevalence. Furthermore, Asian ethnicity and age 30 years and below are more at risk of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. This highlights an occupational risk factor for the healthcare community to consider.
Mental health issues associated with the management of tuberculosis in Homabay, Busia and Kakamega Counties, Kenya
Authors: Otieno John , Luciani Albino , Lumumba Sheila , Gikunda George , Kiilu Colleta , Ogutu Norah , Sifuma Bryson , Kinyua Dennis , Mukami Diana , Mwenda Catherine , Ronoh Aiban , Opanga Yvonne 
Published: April 2024

Background
Despite the implementation of patient-centred care, mental health issues remain a significant risk factor and comorbidity for Tuberculosis (TB) disease. Mental health issues being co-morbidities to TB are likely to increase the disease burden of the affected population. This study therefore investigated the prevalence and impact of mental health issues in Tuberculosis (TB) patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional study design used mixed methods in data collection. The study used structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. 127 TB patients were purposively selected from a group of patients who previously recovered successfully, with a history of relapse or are currently on TB treatment in high-volume facilities in Homa Bay, Busia and Kakamega Counties. 30 Key informant interviews were conducted with Healthcare workers. Quantitative data analysis was done using STATA version 14. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data using NVivo version 10.

Results
The findings showed that the most common mental health issues affecting TB patients were anxiety (66%) and depression (55%), which were commonly experienced during the presumptive stage of TB. Qualitative data revealed that stigma was the main barrier that hindered TB patients from accessing care. TB patients articulated the benefits of support structures ranging from positive encouragement, reminders on taking drugs, accompaniment to the clinic, and financial support in TB management. Furthermore, the study established that the majority of Health Care Workers (HCWs) were not prepared to handle TB patients’ mental issues, a gap that is likely to impact the quality of care TB patients receive.

Conclusion
The study established that mental health issues impact TB treatment outcomes. Healthcare systems should prioritize the integration of mental health care into TB programs to address the high prevalence of mental health issues among TB patients.
Patient satisfaction and patient accessibility in a small fiber neuropathy diagnostic service in the Netherlands: A single-center, prospective, survey-based cohort study
Authors: Geerts Margot , Hoeijmakers Janneke G. J. , Essers Brigitte A. B. , Merkies Ingemar S. J. , Faber Catharina G. , Goossens Mariëlle E. J. B. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSmall fiber neuropathy (SFN) is a common cause of neuropathic pain in peripheral neuropathies. Good accessibility of diagnostics and treatment is necessary for an accurate diagnosis and treatment of SFN. Evidence is lacking on the quality performance of the diagnostic SFN service in the Netherlands. Our aim was to determine the patient satisfaction and -accessibility of the diagnostic SFN service, and to identify areas for improvement.MethodsIn a single-center, prospective, survey-based cohort study, 100 visiting patients were asked to fill in the SFN patient satisfaction questionnaire (SFN-PSQ), with 10 domains and 51 items. Cut-off point for improvement was defined as ≥ 25% dissatisfaction on an item. A chi-square test and linear regression analyses was used for significant differences and associations of patient satisfaction.ResultsFrom November 2020 to May 2021, 98 patients with SFN-related complaints filled in the online SFN-PSQ within 20 minutes. In 84% of the patients SFN was confirmed, average age was 55.1 (52.5–57.8) years and 67% was female. High satisfaction was seen in the domains ‘Waiting List Period’, Chest X-ray’, ‘Consultation with the Doctor or Nurse Practitioner (NP)’, ‘Separate Consultation with the Doctor or NP about Psychological Symptoms’, and ‘General’ of the SFN service. Overall average patient satisfaction score was 8.7 (IQR 8–10) on a 1-to-10 rating scale. Main area for improvement was shortening the 8-week period for receiving the results of the diagnostic testing (p < 0.05). General health status was statistically significant associated with patient satisfaction (p < 0.05)ConclusionA good reflection of the high patient satisfaction and -accessibility of the SFN-service is shown, with important points for improvement. These results could help hospitals widely to optimize the logistic and diagnostic pathway of SFN analysis, benchmarking patient satisfaction results among the hospitals, and to improve the quality of care of comparable SFN services.