bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphism rs143384 GDF5 reduces the risk of knee osteoarthritis development in obese individuals and increases the disease risk in non-obese population
Authors: Novakov Vitaly , Novakova Olga , Churnosova Maria , Aristova Inna , Ponomarenko Marina , Reshetnikova Yuliya , Churnosov Vladimir , Sorokina Inna , Ponomarenko Irina , Efremova Olga , Orlova Valentina , Batlutskaya Irina , Polonikov Alexey , Reshetnikov Evgeny , Churnosov Mikhail 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
We investigated the effect of obesity on the association of genome-wide associative studies (GWAS)-significant genes with the risk of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods
All study participants (n = 1,100) were divided into 2 groups in terms of body mass index (BMI): BMI ≥ 30 (255 KOA patients and 167 controls) and BMI < 30 (245 KOA and 433 controls). The eight GWAS-significant KOA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of six candidate genes, such as LYPLAL1 (rs2820436, rs2820443), SBNO1 (rs1060105, rs56116847), WWP2 (rs34195470), NFAT5 (rs6499244), TGFA (rs3771501), GDF5 (rs143384), were genotyped. Logistic regression analysis (gPLINK online program) was used for SNPs associations study with the risk of developing KOA into 2 groups (BMI ≥ 30 and BMI < 30) separately. The functional effects of KOA risk loci were evaluated using in silico bioinformatic analysis.

Results
Multidirectional relationships of the rs143384 GDF5 with KOA in BMI-different groups were found: This SNP was KOA protective locus among individuals with BMI ≥ 30 (OR 0.41 [95%CI 0.20–0.94] recessive model) and was disorder risk locus among individuals with BMI < 30 (OR 1.32 [95%CI 1.05–1.65] allele model, OR 1.44 [95%CI 1.10–1.86] additive model, OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.10–2.52] dominant model). Polymorphism rs143384 GDF5 manifested its regulatory effects in relation to nine genes (GDF5, CPNE1, EDEM2, ERGIC3, GDF5OS, PROCR, RBM39, RPL36P4, UQCC1) in adipose tissue, which were involved in the regulation of pathways of apoptosis of striated muscle cells.

Conclusions
In summary, the effect of obesity on the association of the rs143384 GDF5 with KOA was shown: the “protective” value of this polymorphism in the BMI ≥ 30 group and the “risk” meaning in BMI < 30 cohort.
Three-dimensional boundary layer flow and heat/mass transfer through stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid
Authors: Ferdows Mohammad , Shamshuddin MD. , Rashad Ahmed Mohammed , Murtaza Md Gulum , Salawu Sulyman Olakunle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis project covers the investigation of the boundary layer flow of a hybrid nanofluid past a biaxial stretching/shrinking sheet. The hybrid nanofluid consists of copper (Cu) and alumina ($${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}$$

Al

2

O
3

) nanoparticles, which are diluted into water to form $$Cu-{Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$

C
u
-

Al

2

O
3

-

water hybrid nanofluid. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are derived from Navier-Stokes equations. The system of PDEs is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity transformation. MATLAB’s bvp4c function is used to numerically solve the resulting system of governing ordinary differential equations. The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the intricate behavior displayed by hybrid nanofluids on the stagnant directed flow of extended/shrunk flat surfaces, considering the effects of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and various nanoparticles. The generated numerical results of flow profiles, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number have been presented graphically and discussed in the relevance of the governing parameters contributing to the flow. The outcomes reveal that the velocity components are reduced with increasing $${Al}_{2}{O}_{3}-$$

Al

2

O
3

-

water nanofluid volume fraction. A monotonical increase in the parameters stretching/shrinking and suction/injection with a corresponding rise in both nanoparticles volume fraction propels heat gradient rate. An increase in the Schmidt numbers encourages a mass transfer field due to an enhanced boundary viscosity. The validation of numerical results is done with previously published results. Through our results, we have found that the performance of a hybrid nanofluid is more significant than other fluids. In addition, this study enhances the progress of theoretical comprehension by endeavoring to resolve the intricate interplay between fluid dynamics and thermal characteristics through the utilization of numerical approaches.
Prenatal maternal PTSD as a risk factor for offspring ADHD: A register-based Swedish cohort study of 553 766 children and their mothers
Authors: Borgert Michael , Melin Amandah , Hollander Anna-Clara , Rahman Syed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly heritable, though environmental factors also play a role. Prenatal maternal stress is suggested to be one such factor, including exposure to highly distressing events that could lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of this study is to investigate whether prenatal maternal PTSD is associated with offspring ADHD.

Method
A register-based retrospective cohort study linking 553 766 children born in Sweden during 2006–2010 with their biological parents. Exposure: Prenatal PTSD. Outcome: Offspring ADHD. Logistic regression determined odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ADHD in the offspring. Adjustments were made for potential covariates, including single parenthood and possible indicators of heredity measured as parental ADHD and maternal mental disorders other than PTSD. Subpopulations, excluding children with indicators of heredity, were investigated separately.

Results
In the crude results, including all children, prenatal PTSD was associated with offspring ADHD (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.37–2.34). In children with indicators of heredity, the likelihood was partly explained by it. Among children without indicators of heredity, PTSD was associated with offspring ADHD (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.30–4.14), adjusted for confounders.

Conclusions
Prenatal maternal PTSD is associated with offspring ADHD regardless of indicators of heredity, such as parental ADHD or maternal mental disorder other than PTSD. The association is partly explained by heredity and socioeconomic factors. If replicated in other populations, preferably using a sibling design, maternal PTSD could be identified as a risk factor for ADHD.
Politicizing Disaster
Authors: Millington Chris 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The deadliest peacetime railway accident in French history occurred at 7:52 p.m. on December 23, 1933, at Pomponne on the outskirts of Paris. Over two hundred people died as a result of the tragedy. This article explores the responses to the disaster. These drew on long-standing fears over the power of modern technology, not to mention its potential destructiveness as witnessed over a decade previously during the Great War. Yet understandings of the accident and its causes also spoke to anxieties over the contemporary French sense of political crisis, a crisis that the crash at Pomponne helped nurture. The Right and extreme Right came to subsume the accident into its broader campaign against the Third Republic that would end in the violence of February 6, 1934. Study of the Pomponne disaster thus sheds new light both on French anxieties about “modernity” and on the emergence of right-wing antiparliamentarianism in 1930s France.
Unified Framework for Choice-Based Facility Location Problem
Authors: Lin Yun Hui , Tian Qingyun , Zhao Yanlu 
Published: March 2024

The choice-based facility location (CBFL) problem arises in various industrial and business contexts. The problem stands on a decentralized perspective: Companies set up chains of facilities, and customers determine from which chain or facility to seek service according to their own preferences. Essentially, customer preferences or choices play a key role in characterizing various CBFL problems, which differ mainly in the models or rules used to characterize the choice. Consequently, a large number of formulations appear and are often solved by dedicatedly designed approaches in the literature. Such a situation significantly complicates practitioners’ decision-making process when they are facing practical problems but are unsure which ad hoc model is suitable for their cases. In this article, we address this dilemma by providing a unified modeling framework based on the concept of preference dominance. Specifically, we conceptualize the choice behavior as a sequential two-step procedure: Given a set of open facilities, each customer first forms a nondominated consideration set and then splits the buying power within the set. Such an interpretation renders practitioners high modeling flexibility as they can tailor how preference dominance is constructed according to their specific contexts. In particular, we show that our model can represent several streams of CBFL problems. To support our model’s applicability, we design an efficient exact decomposition algorithm. Extensive computational studies reveal that although the algorithm is designed for a general purpose, it outperforms most approaches that are tailored for ad hoc problems by a large margin, which justifies both the effectiveness and the efficiency of the unified framework. History: Accepted by Pascal Van Hentenryck, Area Editor for Computational Modeling: Methods & Analysis. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0366 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0366 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
The Real Effects of Shadow Banking: Evidence from China
Authors: Tian Xuan , Tu Guoqian , Wang Yichu 
Published: March 2024

We provide firm-level evidence on the real effects of shadow banking in terms of technological innovation. Firm-to-firm entrusted loans, the largest part of the shadow banking sector in China, enhance the borrowers’ innovation output. The effects are more prominent when the borrowers are subject to severer financial constraints, information asymmetry, and takeover exposures. A plausible underlying channel is capital reallocations from less productive but easily financed lender firms to more innovative but financially less privileged borrower firms. Our paper suggests that shadow banking helps correct bank credit misallocations and thus, serves as a second-best market design in financing the real economy. This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance. Funding: X. Tian and Y. Wang acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71825002] and the Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program [Grant BJJWZYJH012019100003014]. G. Tu acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72010107001]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00953 .
The Prediction Order Effect: People Are More Likely to Choose Improbable Outcomes in Later Predictions
Authors: Silverman Jackie , Barnea Uri 
Published: March 2024

People often need to predict the outcomes of future events. We investigate the influence of order on such forecasts. Six preregistered studies (n = 7,955) show that people are more likely to forecast improbable outcomes (e.g., that an “underdog” will win a game) for predictions they make later versus earlier within a sequence of multiple predictions. This effect generalizes across several contexts and persists when participants are able to revise their predictions as well as when they are incentivized to make correct predictions. We propose that this effect is driven by people’s assumption that improbable outcomes are bound to occur at some point within small sets of independent events (i.e., “belief in the law of small numbers”). Accordingly, we find that the effect is attenuated when the statistical independence of events is made salient to forecasters both through the nature of the predictions themselves (i.e., when the events are from distinct domains) and through directly informing them about statistical independence. These findings have notable practical implications, as policy makers and businesses have the ability to control the order in which people evaluate and predict future events. This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01175 .
Inequalities in waiting times for elective hospital care: what can routine health data and standard analytical methods tell us?
Authors: Howlett Nicholas C , Wood Richard M 
Published: March 2024

Background/Aims Identifying health inequalities can require substantial data and analytical resources. A healthcare setting that may be particularly exposed to inequality is elective care, where hospital waiting times have substantially lengthened since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate how routine health data and standard analytical methods could be used to identify inequalities in waiting times relating to age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation. Methods Decision trees were fitted to data on waiting times for 78 510 completed elective treatments from a large NHS organisation in England for the calendar year of 2021. Data were sourced from the Waiting List Minimum Dataset and combined with a local dataset on patient attributes. Analysis was stratified by treatment specialty and whether the treatment was delivered in an outpatient or inpatient setting. A decision tree was fitted to the data at each stratum to assess three questions: To what extent can variation in waiting times be explained by age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation? Which variables are most explanatory? In what ‘direction’ is this explanation (eg for sex, did male or female patients wait longer?). Results Across the elective hospital specialties assessed, a maximum of 12% of variation in waiting times could be explained by age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation. For all decision trees, age appeared as the most important explanative ‘branching’ variable in 54% of cases, followed by socioeconomic deprivation (2%) and sex (1%). Ethnicity was not a statistically significant explanatory variable. Where variation did exist, waiting times were longer for younger patients, female patients and those from areas with greater socioeconomic deprivation. Conclusions According to the approach taken in this study, there is little evidence of significant waiting time inequality dependent on sex, socioeconomic deprivation and ethnicity. Analysis of this nature does not confirm a causal association between younger age and longer waiting time, but instead highlights the need for further explorative analysis. Healthcare managers should be cautious about the use of routine health data and standard analytical methods in efforts to identify health inequalities.
Structural validation of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire for use in foot and ankle surgery
Authors: Goodall Richard , Borsky Kim , Harrison Conrad J. , Welck Matt , Malhotra Karan , Rodrigues Jeremy N. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThe Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ) is an anatomically specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) currently used to assess a wide variety of foot and ankle pathology. It consists of 16 items across three subscales measuring distinct but related traits: walking/standing ability, pain, and social interaction. It is the most used foot and ankle PROM in the UK. Initial MOxFQ validation involved analysis of 100 individuals undergoing hallux valgus surgery. This project aimed to establish whether an individual’s response to the MOxFQ varies with anatomical region of disease (measurement invariance), and to explore structural validity of the factor structure (subscale items) of the MOxFQ.MethodsThis was a single-centre, prospective cohort study involving 6,637 patients (mean age 52 years (SD 17.79)) presenting with a wide range of foot and ankle pathologies between January 2013 and December 2021. To assess whether the MOxFQ responses vary by anatomical region of foot and ankle disease, we performed multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. To assess the structural validity of the subscale items, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.ResultsMeasurement invariance by pathology was confirmed, suggesting the same model can be used across all foot and ankle anatomical regions. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a two- to three-factor model, and suggested that item 13 (inability to carry out work/everyday activities) and item 14 (inability to undertake social/recreational activities) loaded more positively onto the “walking/standing” subscale than their original “social interaction” subscale.ConclusionThis large cohort study supports the current widespread use of the MOxFQ across a broad range of foot and ankle pathologies. Our analyses found indications that could support alterations to the original factor structure (items 13 and 14 might be moved from the “social interaction” to the “walking/standing” subscale). However, this requires further work to confirm.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3):256–261.
Optimal hip capsular release for joint exposure in hip resurfacing via the direct anterior approach
Authors: Karunaseelan Kabelan J. , Nasser Rima , Jeffers Jonathan R. T. , Cobb Justin P. 
Published: March 2024

AimsSurgical approaches that claim to be minimally invasive, such as the direct anterior approach (DAA), are reported to have a clinical advantage, but are technically challenging and may create more injury to the soft-tissues during joint exposure. Our aim was to quantify the effect of soft-tissue releases on the joint torque and femoral mobility during joint exposure for hip resurfacing performed via the DAA.MethodsNine fresh-frozen hip joints from five pelvis to mid-tibia cadaveric specimens were approached using the DAA. A custom fixture consisting of a six-axis force/torque sensor and motion sensor was attached to tibial diaphysis to measure manually applied torques and joint angles by the surgeon. Following dislocation, the torques generated to visualize the acetabulum and proximal femur were assessed after sequential release of the joint capsule and short external rotators.ResultsFollowing initial exposure, the ischiofemoral ligament (7 to 8 o’clock) was the largest restrictor of exposure of the acetabulum, contributing to a mean 25% of overall external rotational restraint. The ischiofemoral ligament (10 to 12 o’clock) was the largest restrictor of exposure of the proximal femur, contributing to 25% of overall extension restraint. Releasing the short external rotators had minimal contribution in torque generated during joint exposure (≤ 5%).ConclusionAdequate exposure of both proximal femur and acetabulum may be achieved with minimal torque by performing a full proximal circumferential capsulotomy while preserving short external rotators. The joint torque generated and exposure achieved is dependent on patient factors; therefore, some cases may necessitate further releases.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):59–66.
Long-term polyethylene wear rates and clinical outcomes of oxidized zirconium femoral heads on highly cross-linked polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Buckner Brandt C. , Urban Nathanael D. , Cahoy Kevin M. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Deans Christopher F. , Garvin Kevin L. 
Published: March 2024

AimsOxidized zirconium (OxZi) and highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) were developed to minimize wear and risk of osteolysis in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, retrieval studies have shown that scratched femoral heads may lead to runaway wear, and few reports of long-term results have been published. The purpose of this investigation is to report minimum ten-year wear rates and clinical outcomes of THA with OxZi femoral heads on HXLPE, and to compare them with a retrospective control group of cobalt chrome (CoCr) or ceramic heads on HXLPE.MethodsFrom 2003 to 2006, 108 THAs were performed on 96 patients using an OxZi head with a HXLPE liner with minimum ten-year follow-up. Harris Hip Scores (HHS) were collected preoperatively and at the most recent follow-up (mean 13.3 years). Linear and volumetric liner wear was measured on radiographs of 85 hips with a minimum ten-year follow-up (mean 14.5 years). This was compared to a retrospective control group of 45 THAs using ceramic or CoCr heads from October 1999 to February 2005, with a minimum of ten years’ follow-up.ResultsAverage HHS improved from 50.8 to 91.9 and 51.0 to 89.8 in the OxZi group and control group, respectively (p = 0.644), with no osteolysis in either group. Linear and volumetric wear rates in the OxZi group averaged 0.03 mm/year and 3.46 mm3/year, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in HHS scores, nor in linear or volumetric wear rate between the groups, and no revision for any indication.ConclusionThe radiological and clinical outcomes, and survivorship of THA with OxZi femoral heads and HXLPE liners, were excellent, and comparable to CoCr or ceramic heads at minimum ten-year follow-up. Wear rates are below what would be expected for development of osteolysis. OxZi-HXLPE is a durable bearing couple with excellent long-term outcomes.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):38–43.
Metal levels and glomerular filtration rate after unilateral Birmingham Hip Resurfacing
Authors: Engh, Jr Charles A. , Bhal Vinay , Hopper, Jr Robert H. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThe first aim of this study was to evaluate whether preoperative renal function is associated with postoperative changes in whole blood levels of metal ions in patients who have undergone a Birmingham Hip Resurfacing (BHR) arthroplasty with a metal-on-metal bearing. The second aim was to evaluate whether exposure to increased cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) levels for ten years adversely affected renal function.MethodsAs part of a multicentre, prospective post-approval study, whole blood samples were sent to a single specialized laboratory to determine Co and Cr levels, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The study included patients with 117 unrevised unilateral BHRs. There were 36 females (31%). The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery of 51.3 years (SD 6.5), and they all had preoperative one-, four-, five-, and ten-year laboratory data. The mean follow-up was 10.1 years (SD 0.2).ResultsMedian Co levels at one year postoperatively increased significantly compared with the preoperative values, by a factor of 9.7, from 0.13 to 1.26 ppb (p < 0.001), and the median Cr levels increased significantly by a factor of 2.5, from 0.60 to 1.50 ppb (p < 0.001). Lower preoperative eGFRs were associated with significantly larger increases in Co at one year compared with the preoperative levels (ρ = -0.26; p = 0.005), but there was no relationship between preoperative eGFRs and changes in Cr at one year (ρ = -0.13; p = 0.153). Metal levels remained relatively constant with the passage of time, with a median ten-year value of 1.12 ppb for Co and 1.29 ppb for Cr. There was no significant relationship between the Co and Cr levels at ten-year follow-up and the change in eGFR from the preoperative level to that at ten years (ρ = -0.02; p = 0.827 for Co; ρ = -0.008; p = 0.933 for Cr).ConclusionAlthough patients with lower preoperative eGFRs tended to have larger increases in Co levels at one year, increased metal levels for patients who underwent unilateral BHR did not adversely affect renal function during the first ten postoperative years.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(3 Supple A):44–50.