bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive healthcare seeking behaviour of women of the reproductive age group in an urban resettlement area of district Gautam Buddh Nagar in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Barua Kabita , Gohar Meraj , Mahajan Harsh , Srivastava Shalini 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and gynaecological morbidities constitute a significant proportion of morbidities in women of the reproductive age group.

Objective:
To find out the proportion of reproductive age group women in an urban resettlement colony having the symptoms of gynaecological morbidities and RTI/sexually transmitted infection (STI) and to explore the healthcare seeking behaviour of the women during such ailments.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2023 among 317 females aged 15 to 49 years in an urban resettlement area of Gautam Buddh Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh. Statistical analysis used included descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. SPSS 23 was used for data analysis.

Results:
There was a prevalence of 65.3% of at least one self-reported symptom suggestive of RTI/STI or gynaecological morbidity among the respondents. Among the symptomatic respondents, 54.1% were found to seek treatment. Among the reasons given for not seeking treatment in any health facility, the majority (83.1%) responded ‘lack of awareness that the problem needed medical treatment’ and ‘stigma related with the problem’ to be the main reasons.

Conclusion:
The reproductive healthcare seeking behaviour was found to be inadequate, with only 54.1% of symptomatic respondents seeking treatment. Enhanced health awareness sessions can be planned in the short term, and skilled communicators within or outside of the health system in the long term may be deployed to disseminate information in the community regarding sexual and gynaecological morbidities in reproductive age group women and their timely intervention.
The 2021 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) guidelines and the outpatient management: Examining physician adherence and its effects on patient outcome
Authors: Orozco Ricardo J. , Rodriguez David , Hunter Krystal , Roy Satyajeet 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable illness that carries a large global economic and social burden. The global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) guidelines has been utilized as a global strategy for the continued COPD diagnosis, assessment, and treatment. We aimed to determine if the adherence to the 2021 GOLD guideline directed management influenced outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective medical records review of adult patients with COPD, who received care in our office during the entire year of 2021. Patients managed as per the 2021 GOLD guidelines were compared with those who received usual care.

Results:
Among 242 patients, 171 (70.7%) were GOLD management adherent (GA) and 71 (29.3%) were GOLD non-adherent (GNA). Certain comorbidities were associated with higher frequencies in the GA group, such as allergic rhinitis (63.2 vs. 18.3%; P < 0.001), coronary artery disease (55.9 vs. 38.0%; P = 0.011), GERD (63.2 vs. 32.4%; P < 0.001), anemia (38.6 vs. 19.7%; P = 0.004), malignancy (34.5 vs. 19.7%; P = 0.023), and immunodeficiency (12.3 vs. 1.4%; P = 0.007). There was no significant difference in the mortality between the GA and GNA groups (5.3 vs. 9.9%; P = 0.254). Although the frequency of number of exacerbations was greater in the GA group, the difference in the mean number of exacerbations was not statistically significant (0.39 ± 1.08 vs. 0.39 ± 1.14; P = 0.984).

Conclusion:
We found no significant difference in the patient outcomes, such as number of exacerbations of COPD and mortality, when comparing the 2021 GOLD guideline adherent versus GOLD guideline non-adherent management of COPD.
Analysis of leadership and team management skills of middle-level healthcare managers of Valsad district, Gujarat
Authors: Patel Neha A. , Nayak Sunil N. , Bariya Bhaveshbhai R. , Patel Mehulkumar N. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The healthcare managers need to develop the managerial skills and use it for better healthcare delivery. A manager requires leadership skill to empower employees and motivate them to work in an efficient manner to achieve organizational goal. Motivating employees/subordinates and developing positive attitude toward them is one of the crucial skills that the leader needs to develop. The way health team works as a unit affects the outcome and needs good leader. With this background, the current study tends to explore the managerial skills of middle-level managers.

Objectives:
1. To assess the leadership and team management skills of middle-level managers and 2. To find out motivational factors used by managers.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among district-level healthcare managers and medical officers. Data collection was performed via semistructured and scale-based questionnaire and analyzed using Microsoft office excel.

Results:
60% of managers had participative leadership style. Team work skills were fair enough among the managers. 53% of medical officers were freshly appointed with experience of less than one year. The middle-level managers used appreciation of work (41.8%) as major motivator of the team.

Conclusions:
The middle-level healthcare managers have good leadership quality as well as teamwork skills. Appreciation of work is commonly used motivator.
Comparison of the efficacy of propranolol versus amitriptyline as monotherapy for prophylaxis of migraine
Authors: Patel Krinaben M. , Popatbhai Kachhadia M. , Xavier Roshni , Aramin Mohammed A. S. , Faris Khalid J. F. , Mateen Mohammed A. , Prajwal Priyadarshi , Marsool Mohammed D. M. , Sheikh Hafsa , Mohamed Esra H. A. G. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Approximately 15% of migraine sufferers need preventative medicine because they have more than two episodes each month. Migraine is a regular, persistent condition that frequently makes victims helpless. Numerous drugs from various classes have so far been used in migraine prophylaxis. Their effectiveness is recurrently overshadowed by their side effects because they must be used for a long time, which occasionally necessitates stopping the drug.

Materials and Methods:
In the tertiary care teaching hospital’s department of medicine, a prospective, comparative, open-label study was initiated. Two groups of 80 patients were randomly chosen. For 3 months, the 40 patients in Group A were given a tablet of amitriptyline 10 mg once daily, whereas the 40 patients in Group B were given a tablet of propranolol 20 mg once a day. At the conclusion of the fourth, eighth, and twelfth weeks, the patients’ own self-assessment migraine diary and a 4-point pain scale were used to grade the intensity of the headaches.

Results:
As a result, in Group A, the mean migraine attack severity in periods 1 and 2 was 5.88 2.69 and 5.41 2.48, respectively. In Group B, the mean was 5.15 2.75 in period 1 and 5.66 2.78 in period 2, respectively. The average length of a migraine attack in Group A was 20.30 5.61 h in period 1 and 16.75 5.23 h in period 2. In Group B, the mean was 16.59 3.21 in period 1 and 18.78 5.14 in period 2. Between groups A and B, there was a statistically significant difference.

Conclusion:
The average number of migraine attacks reduced in the amitriptyline and propranolol groups as the treatment duration increased. Amitriptyline is a popular medication with established effectiveness and manageable levels of negative side effects. It is the tricyclic antidepressant that is most frequently used to prevent headaches. When administered for migraine prevention, it generates a quick response within 3 months. Propranolol is less effective than amitriptyline at reducing the frequency, length, and severity of episodes.
Comparison of size of the liver between patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and healthy controls
Authors: Dorostghol Maryam , Gharibvand Mohammad M. , Hanafi Mohammad G. , Motamedfar Azim 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease across all age groups. Limited studies have been conducted to consider the relationship between NAFLD and liver size. This study aimed to compare the size of the liver between NAFLD patients and healthy controls.

Methods:
This case-control study was conducted on NAFLD patients (n = 300), and healthy subjects (n = 300) referred to the Golestan Hospital of Ahvaz from April to August 2021. All individuals underwent ultrasonography examination, and liver size was measured in the midclavicular line. Fatty liver was divided into three grades, I (mild), II (moderate), and III (severe), according to the disease severity. Anthropometric parameters, including age, sex, weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), were recorded. Finally, the size of the liver and its relationship with NAFLD and anthropometric parameters was evaluated.

Results:
Patients had significantly higher weight, and BMI mean values than controls (P < 0.001). In comparison to controls, NAFLD patients had considerably larger livers on average. (149.05 ± 12.60 mm vs. 134.51 ± 12.09; P < 0.001). There was a significant tendency for larger liver size in normal to severe fatty liver patients (P < 0.001). In patients with mild, moderate, and severe NAFLD, the mean liver size was 144.34 ± 11.35, 154.21 ± 10.84, and 158.63 ± 13.45 mm, respectively. The mean liver size in both groups was significantly higher in males than females (P < 0.05). Age (P = 0.037), sex (P < 0.001), height (P < 0.001), BMI (P = 0.008), and steatosis (P < 0.001) were independent variables for predicting the liver size.

Conclusion:
The liver size of persons with fatty liver was substantially more considerable than healthy people. The size of the liver was substantially linked with sex, age, BMI, fatty liver, and hepatic steatosis grade. A straightforward way to predict fatty liver is to use ultrasonography to determine the size of the liver.
Catastrophic impact of 1947 partition of India on people’s health
Authors: Tanveer Tuba , Mathur Nixon , Sarwal Rakesh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The partition of India on the dissolution of British Raj into two dominions is known to have been violent, polarizing and caused large-scale loss of life (about two million) and an unprecedented migration of 14 million people between the two dominions, India and Pakistan. It is not known how well the then scientific community covered this man-made disaster, and the response of the international community with aid.

Methodology:
A systematic review was conducted using different electronic databases of PubMed, Econlit, United Nations resolutions, Government of India websites, and Google Scholar for the period January 1947 to December 1951 on the impact of the partition of the Indian sub-continent, and to identify the international response toward this humanitarian crisis.

Result:
We could locate only twenty-four publications. Partition not only caused monumental humanitarian suffering, but also contributed to food deficits, adverse impact on trade and industries, national income and harmed public health. In contrast, no significant attention was expressed by the international scientific community or the United Nations, or aid provided during this catastrophic event.

Conclusion:
The review demonstrates the apathy by the contemporary international scientific research community on the social as well as economic damage caused by the partition of India. We suggest that the international scientific and research community should play the role of vigilante and fact finder to unearth the facets of mass human tragedy and its long-term consequences so that global consciousness is awakened, and help and aid flows when it is most needed.
Hypospadias with Intact Prepuce: A Spectrum of Anomalies and their Reconstruction
Authors: Ramaswamy Rajendran , Hegab Samir Morsi , Fawsy Hany , Ghalib Saif Saeed , Shawky Mohamed , Mukattash Ghazi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
The aim of the study was to perform a detailed analysis of the clinical characteristics of megameatus with intact prepuce (MIP) and to audit our results of reconstructive surgeries on MIP.

Materials and Methods:
Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Pediatric surgery department of tertiary level. Subjects, methods: Hospital records and pictures of MIP operated over a 9-year period. Age, size of penis, circumcised or not, shape of glans, external urethral meatus (EUM), urethral plate (UP), chordee, distal urethra, reconstructive surgery, and complications were analyzed. Postoperative result was objectively assessed by Hypospadias Objective Scoring Evaluation (HOSE).

Results:
Twelve of 254 hypospadias were MIP (incidence = 4.72%). The mean age at operation was 38.25 months (12–87 m). Patients sought circumcision or surgical correction of anomaly. Two patients were precircumcised. MIP was coronal 7, subcoronal 3, and glanular 2. Meatus was wide in 10 and normal in 2. Glans penis was wide in 9 and conical in 3. UP was wide (9), moderately wide (2), or narrow and shallow (1). In two cases of wide deep UP, distal septum was present. Distal urethra was nondilated in all but 1, which had megalourethra. Reconstructive surgery was Tubularized Urethral Plate Urethroplasty (7 cases) or classical Snodgrass (Tubularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU), with superimposed vascular dartos flap (5 cases). The megalourethra underwent partial excision and TIPU. Distal UP-septum was incised. Urethral injury (2 cases) and UP injury (1 case) were intraoperative complications. One postoperative complication (ventral glans necrosis) resulted. The mean follow-up period was 4.79 months (1–12 m). In the postoperative follow-up, 11 (92%) had HOSE score 14–16, whereas one had HOSE 13.

Conclusion:
Some hypospadias cases which have intact prepuce have no megameatus; hence, they cannot be termed MIP. All cases of hypospadias having intact prepuce can be covered by the umbrella term “Hypospadias with Intact Prepuce (HIP);” MIP is a large subgroup under HIP. HIP presents with a spectrum of anomalies of glans, EUM, and UP. Repair by tubularization of UP without or with midline incision gives excellent results.
Central Pancreatectomy – A Novel Surgical Technique Single Institution Experience
Authors: Raghul Maniam , Nathan R. Senthil , Hariharan G. , Sankkarabarathi C 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Children evaluated for abdominal pain are increasingly recognized to have pancreatic lesions by imaging modalities. Malignant lesions of the pancreas have also been diagnosed at regular intervals, the most common being solid cystic pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPT) – Borderline (uncertain malignant potential). Surgical resection of this tumor should provide adequate tumor free margins and also should preserve pancreatic tissue. Radical resection of the pancreas will lead to pancreatic insufficiency. Herein, we describe the technique of central pancreatectomy wherein tumor excision gives adequate clearance but preserves the pancreatic tissue, thereby reducing significant morbidity.

Materials and Methods:
Three children ages ranging between 11 to 12 years diagnosed to have SPT were included in the study.

Results:
All children underwent successful central pancreatectomy and had an uneventful post operative recovery.

Conclusion:
Central pancreatectomy offers a good volume of remanant pancreas preserving near normal pancreatic function making it an ideal procedure for select cases.
Association of Maternal Factors on Early Childhood Caries: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Pramod Sneha , Peedikayil Faizal C. , Kottayi Soni , Aravind Athira , Sreedharan Aswathi , Ramesh Athul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Early childhood caries (ECC) can have a substantial impact on the child’s quality of life. Postnatal maternal practices and care of the child are potential risk factors for ECC. Only a small number of cohort studies have looked at potential dietary risk factors at this age. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal caries status and child caries status along with its relationship with the postnatal factors in the development of ECC.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was designed amongst 300 mother–child pairs. Participants were randomly selected into two groups according to the caries status: Group A – children with ECC and Group B – children without caries. Caries status of the mother and child was recorded. A close-ended questionnaire was given to the mothers to know their knowledge and practices about child oral healthcare. Data obtained were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20.0. The level of significance adopted was 5%.

Results:
The mean decay rank is lowest for children <36 months of age (141.72) and is highest for children between 49 and 60 months (178.21). The children of working mothers are more affected by ECC when compared to children of non-working mothers (P < 0.05). There is a significant association between mother’s dental caries status and child’s dental caries status (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
The present study showed that there is a clear relationship between ECC in children and maternal caries status and feeding patterns, especially night feeding.
Evaluation of Familial Similarity of Carabelli’s Trait in South Kerala Population: A Pilot Study
Authors: Krishnan R. J. Rahul , Joseph Anna P. , Varun B. Raghavan , Anandaraj  , Mary S Freeda , Mohan Amitha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The distribution of Carabelli’s trait is variable in different individuals and also amongst children and their parents. Knowledge and distribution of Carabelli’s trait and evaluating their familial similarity can be very useful in forensic dentistry. The forensic implication also includes the identification of deceased individuals, racial identification and cases of disputed paternity.

Aim and Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the familial similarity of Carabelli’s trait in South Kerala population and to determine the extent of expression of Carabelli’s pattern in both child and parent.

Materials and Methods:
Children and their parents from the department of pedodontics over 1 month were selected and examined for the expression of Carabelli’s trait in the maxillary primary second molar and permanent maxillary first molars. For this study, non-carious teeth with good anatomical landmarks are selected. Caries tooth, fractured tooth and supernumerary para molars are excluded from the study. Child age groups between 6 and 12 years were selected and parents of any age groups were selected for the study. Informed consent both verbal and written was taken before taking intraoral impressions and photographs. Maxillary impressions and intraoral photographs of both child and their parent were recorded, and further examination and scoring were done on cast and photographs on the basis of the classification developed by the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology system which specifies the eight grades of expression of Carabelli’s pattern.

Result:
In our study, we are able to identify a familial similarity in the expression of Carabelli’s trait in children and parents in the South Kerala population.

Conclusion:
Cusp of carabell’s trait in south Kerala population.
HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION OF DIGITAL LEARNING AND E-LEARNING TRAINING
Authors: Putri Zaiyana , Yoestara Marisa , Munawir Munawir 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi guru-guru sekolah menengah atas di SMA N 1 Bandar Baru, Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia mengenai efektivitas kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang diberikan oleh Universitas Serambi Mekkah dengan topik efektivitas penggunaan e-learning dalam proses belajar mengajar. Kegiatan ini dirancang khusus untuk melatih para guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran digital dan E-learning yang merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang diamanatkan oleh pemerintah guna meningkatkan kualitas dan hasil belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif yang melibatkan 16 guru dari berbagai mata pelajaran di sekolah tersebut. Dalam mengumpulkan persepsi guru, kuesioner terbuka dibagikan kepada para guru, dan semua data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan persentase untuk menilai efektivitas pelatihan yang diberikan. Temuan studi menunjukkan bahwa para guru menanggapi pelatihan secara positif. Mereka juga menyatakan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan dianggap efektif dalam meningkatkan penguasaan digital dan memungkinkan para guru untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi ke dalam praktik mengajar mereka, sejalan dengan tuntutan sistem pendidikan yang berkembang di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, pelatihan terkait teknologi harus dilakukan secara kontinyu agar guru dapat menguasai teknologi dan senantiasa update dengan perkebangan jaman.AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the perceptions of senior high school teachers at SMA N 1 Bandar Baru, Pidie Jaya, Aceh, Indonesia regarding the effectiveness of Stimulus Community Service activities (PKMs) provided by the University of Serambi Mekkah under the topic the effectiveness of using e-learning in the teaching and learning process. These activities were specifically designed to train teachers in using digital learning media and E-learning which is one of the approaches mandated by the government in order to improve learning qualities and learning outcomes. This research employed a descriptive approach involving 16 teachers from various subjects at the school. In collecting teachers’ perceptions, an open-ended questionnaire was distributed to the teachers, and all the obtained data was analyzed using percentages to assess the effectiveness of the training provided. The study's findings indicate that teachers responded positively to the training. They further claimed that the training activities were perceived as effective in enhancing digital mastery and enabling teachers to integrate technology into their teaching practices, aligning with the growing demands of the educational system in Indonesia. Therefore, relevant educational technology teachers’ training should be continuously conducted in order to assist teacher in mastering technology and keep them updated with the era development.
Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorgum Bicolor L) Terhadap Dosis Pupuk Kompos Azolla Dan Pemangkasan Daun Bagian Bawah
Authors: Roynaldy Roynaldy , Hazmi Muhammad , Hasbi Hudaini 
Published: March 2024

Sorgum merupakan salah satu jenis bahan pangan pokok yang memiliki kandungan gizi yang tidak kalah dengan padi sehingga tanaman sorgum memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dibudidayakan dan dikembangkan secara komersil karena memiliki daya adaptasi yang luas. Dalam upaya peningkatan produksi sorgum, pemakaian pupukorganik sebagai salah satu upaya dalam mengembangkan pertanian. Bahan organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pupukorganik adalah Azolla Azolla mampu menambat N2 dari udara karena berasosiasi dengan sianobakteri (Anabaena azollae) yang hidup di dalam rongga daun Azolla. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kompos azolla, pemangkaan daun bagian bawah dan Interaksi antara dosis pupuk kompos azolla dan pemangkasan daun bagian bawah tehadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum (Sorgum bicolor L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari dua faktor dan tiga ulanganr. Dua faktor tersebut yaitu beda umur pemangkasan (P) dalam 2 taraf, yaitu : P0 = tanpa pemankasan, P1 = pangkas umur 60 hst dan dosis pupuk kompos azolla (N) dalam 4 taraf, yaitu : N0 = tanpa kompos, N1 = 150 g/plot, N2 = 300 g/plot, N3 = 450 g/plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan interaksi antara perlakuan beda umur pemangkasan dan dosis kompos azolla berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum terbukti pada variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, berat 1000 biji, dan berat biji basah basah.