bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and prognostic aspects of laryngeal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Testa Domenico , Galli Vieri , de Rosa Gaetano , Iovine Renata , Staibano Stefania , Somma Pasquale , Mignogna Chiara , Iengo Maurizio 
Published: December 2005

Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the larynx is a rare pathological finding; only eight cases are described in the literature. It occurs in older adults and shows a predilection for men. We report the ninth observation of laryngeal CCC in the literature. We reviewed the literature and correlated the prognosis of the tumour according to its site of onset and treatment.The literature review showed that this neoplasm is highly aggressive, with a high recurrence rate and short mean survival time; the treatment of choice is surgery, and chemo- or radiotherapy are used mainly for the treatment of recurrences.
In Situ Evaluation of Radioisotope Cone Penetrometers in Clays
Authors: Dasari GR , Karthikeyan M , Tan T-S , Mimura M , Phoon K-K 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
A comprehensive site investigation was performed at a 12-year-old man-made island in Singapore, which was reclaimed using dredged clay lumps. The objective of the site investigation was to evalute the performance of the radioisotope (RI) cone penetrometers to measure in situ wet density and water content, which are the two important parameters in the characterization of soils formed from clay lumps. The site investigation program included RI cone penetration tests, high quality soil sampling, and laboratory testing. The in situ water content and wet density profiles measured with RI cone penetrometers were compared with data obtained independently from the laboratory tests on undisturbed samples. The comparison shows very good agreement, and 92% of the RI cone measurements were found to be within ±5% of the laboratory measurements.
Automated Triaxial Apparatus for Testing Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Cabarkapa Z , Cuccovillo T 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Three automated triaxial testing systems developed to study the mechanical-hydraulic behavior of unsaturated soils are described in detail. The apparatus and the associated techniques were designed to obtain reliable and accurate measurement and control of matric suction, measurement of volumetric change and to perform static and dynamic stiffness measurements for soil samples under unsaturated conditions. Results for a silica silt are presented to illustrate the type and quality of data obtained with the techniques developed. An additional feature of the apparatus is that it is possible to obtain, for the same soil sample, both the stress-strain curve and soil-water retention curve at any degree of saturation.
On the Thick-Adherend Tensile Shear Test of Adhesive Technology—Limitations and Correction Methods
Authors: Öchsner A , Grácio J 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The thick-adherend lap shear test is numerically investigated. It is shown that the adhesive stiffness influences significantly the uniformity of the adhesive stress distribution and the substrate deformation. Both effects determine the validity of the evaluated shear modulus of the adhesive. Two methods for the substrate deformation correction, i.e., a simple method based on Hooke's law, and a method based on a finite element simulation of a reference specimen, are compared. The correction method based on the finite element method reveals not only better results for the substrate deformation correction in comparison with the simple method based on Hooke's law, but also incorporates the non-uniformity of the adhesive stress distribution for higher stiffness of the adhesive in a considerable way. The possible error of this test method on the determination of the adhesive shear modulus is generally quoted as a function of the stiffness ratio between the adhesive and the substrates.
A Digital Image Processing Technique for Quantification of Surface Hot-Shortness Cracks
Authors: Garza LG , Van Tyne CJ 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
A Digital Image Processing (DIP) technique was used to quantify the hot-shortness cracking in a medium carbon steel with variations in copper content, oxidation temperature, and oxidation time. The DIP method was an automated and easily-implemented technique, which resulted in quantitative measures of the surface cracking as well as a fast and accurate way to compare a large number of samples. The objective of the present paper is to describe the DIP technique that was used in the hot-shortness study. This technique could be applied to other experiments where quantification of surface cracking is desired.
Effective Duration of Antimicrobial Therapy for the Treatment of Acute Lobar Nephronia
Authors: Cheng Chi-Hui , Tsau Yong-Kwei , Lin Tzou-Yien 
Published: December 2005

OBJECTIVE. Effective treatment of acute lobar nephronia (ALN) can prevent its progression to renal abscess. The goal of this prospective study was to compare the treatment efficacy for pediatric patients who had ALN with a 3- vs 2-week intravenous plus oral antimicrobial-therapy regimen.METHODS. Patients who were suspected of having an upper urinary tract infection underwent a systematic scheme of ultrasonographic and computed tomographic (CT) evaluation for ALN diagnosis. Patients with positive CT findings were enrolled and randomly allocated with serial entry for either a total 2-week or a 3-week antibiotic treatment regimen. Antibiotics were changed from an intravenous form to an oral form 2 to 3 days after defervescence of fever. Follow-up clinical evaluations and urine-culture analyses were performed 3 to 7 days after cessation of antibiotic treatment. Patients with persistent infection or relapse were considered as treatment failures.RESULTs. A total of 80 patients with ALN were enrolled. Forty-one patients were treated with a 2-week antimicrobial protocol, and the other 39 patients were treated with a 3-week course. Seven treatment failures, 1 persistent infection, and 6 infection relapses were identified, all of which were in the 2-week treatment group. Prolonged fever before admission and positive Escherichia coli growth (&gt;105 colony-forming units per mL) in urine culture were noted as risk factors for treatment failure. All treatment failures were managed successfully with an additional 10-day antibiotic course.CONCLUSION. A total of 3 weeks of intravenous and oral antibiotic therapy tailored to the pathogen noted in cultures should be the treatment of choice for pediatric patients with ALN.
Comparison of Water Quality and Rainbow Trout Production in Oxygenated and Aerated Raceways
Authors: Clark Michael L. , Helfrich Louis A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe effects of oxygenation and aeration on water quality and the production of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were compared in eight raceways from 2002 to March 2003. Mean dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were significantly higher in the oxygenated (9.5 mg/L) than aerated raceways (7.4 mg/L). Total sedimented solids loads per day were significantly greater in aerated (10.3 g/L) than oxygenated (8.8 g/L) raceways. Dissolved nitrogen, total gas pressure, and other water quality variables (CO2, NO2 −, total ammonia nitrogen, alkalinity, and pH) did not differ significantly between the treatments. Trout carrying capacity was significantly higher (1,138 kg/raceway) in the oxygenated raceways. However, trout production, growth rates, feed conversion rate, hematocrit, and fish survival were not significantly different between treatments. Oxygen injection was an effective method of increasing carrying capacity and improving water quality by reducing effluent solids loads, but it did not enhance trout production variables at 90% saturation.
Clinical Evaluation of an Enamel Matrix Protein Derivative Combined With Either a Natural Bone Mineral or β‐Tricalcium Phosphate
Authors: Döri Ferenc , Arweiler Nicole , Gera István , Sculean Anton 
Published: December 2005

Background: The purpose of the present study was to compare the healing of deep intrabony defects following treatment with an enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) combined with either a natural bone mineral (NBM) or β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP).Methods: Twenty‐four patients with advanced periodontal disease, each of whom displayed one intrabony defect, were randomly treated with a combination of either EMD + NBM or EMD + β‐TCP. Clinical evaluation was performed at baseline and 1 year following therapy.Results: No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. Healing was uneventful in all patients. At 1 year after therapy, the sites treated with EMD + NBM showed a reduction in mean probing depth (PD) from 7.9 ± 1.0 mm to 3.2 ± 0.6 mm and a change in mean clinical attachment level (CAL) from 8.8 ± 1.1 mm to 4.5 ± 0.6 mm (P <0.001). In the group treated with EMD + β‐TCP, the mean PD was reduced from 7.8 ± 1.2 mm to 3.2 ± 0.9 mm, and the mean CAL changed from 8.8 ± 1.2 mm to 4.7 ± 1.2 mm (P <0.001). In both groups, all sites gained at least 3 mm of CAL. CAL gains of 4 or 5 mm were measured in the majority of the cases (75%), irrespective of treatment modality. No statistically significant differences in terms of PD reductions and CAL gains were observed between the two groups.Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, both therapies resulted in significant PD reductions and CAL gains 1 year after surgery.
Effect of Biologic Mediators on Ciprofloxacin Accumulation by Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Rawal Swati Y. , Walters John D. 
Published: December 2005

Background: Human gingival fibroblasts actively accumulate fluoroquinolone antimicrobials. Because fibroblasts are prevalent in gingiva, they may help sustain therapeutic fluoroquinolone levels at that site. The purpose of this study was to determine whether mediators associated with infection or injury can enhance ciprofloxacin accumulation by gingival fibroblasts.Methods: Quiescent fibroblast monolayers were treated for 1, 6, or 24 hours with several concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐2, or insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1. Transport was assayed by measuring cell‐associated fluoroquinolone fluorescence.Results: All mediators significantly enhanced ciprofloxacin transport in a dose dependent manner (P <0.05; ANOVA). Except for TNF, this enhancement was associated with a decrease in the Km of ciprofloxacin transport. Maximal enhancement was observed with 10 ng/ml PDGF or FGF and 30 ng/ml TNF, TGF, or IGF. Brief (1 hour) treatment with TNF or FGF upregulated ciprofloxacin accumulation by a maximum of 13% to 14%, whereas TGF, PDGF, and IGF enhanced this process by 19% to 24%. All of the mediators enhanced ciprofloxacin accumulation by a maximum of 19% to 24% after 6 hours and 30% to 38% after 24 hours. The accumulation of other fluoroquinolones (e.g., gatifloxacin) was also slightly enhanced.Conclusions: Gingival fibroblasts treated with cytokines or growth factors accumulate significantly more ciprofloxacin than untreated controls. This provides a mechanism by which ciprofloxacin could be preferentially distributed to gingival wound or inflammatory sites, yielding local therapeutic levels that are more sustained than in serum.
Upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor‐β1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene and Protein Expression in Cyclosporin‐Induced Overgrown Edentulous Gingiva in Rats
Authors: Chen Yen‐Teen , Tu Hsiao‐Pei , Chin Yu‐Tang , Shen E‐Chin , Chiang Cheng‐Yang , Gau Ching‐Hwa , Fu Earl 
Published: December 2005

Background: To examine the effects of cyclosporin A (CsA) on the expression of growth factors in induced gingival overgrowth with limited contributing factors arising from local inflammation caused by bacterial plaque, this study of gingival overgrowth was designed on the edentulous ridge of rats.Methods: After a 3‐week healing period following maxillary molar extractions, 16 five‐week‐old male Sprague‐Dawley rats were assigned to CsA and control groups. Animals in the CsA group were fed 30 mg/kg CsA daily, whereas the control rats received a mineral oil vehicle instead. After 4 weeks, all animals were sacrificed, and the morphology of edentulous ridges was recorded by dental impression. The gingivae on the left‐hand side were dissected and stored for mRNA analysis, whereas the gingivae on the right‐hand side were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), platelet‐derived growth factor β (PDGF‐β), insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).Results: The edentulous gingivae were enlarged and the body weights were reduced in the CsA‐treated animals compared to controls. The mRNA expressions of TGF‐β1, IGF‐1, and VEGF were higher in the gingivae of the CsA group than in the control group. In addition, a greater mRNA expression (7.21‐fold) of VEGF was demonstrated in the CsA group than in the control group by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The percentages of cells staining positive for TGF‐β1 and VEGF were significantly greater in the CsA rats than in the control rats.Conclusions: Greater mRNA expression and positive staining for TGF‐β1 and VEGF were observed in the edentulous gingivae of rats that received CsA. Therefore, CsA may upregulate TGF‐β1 and VEGF gene expression and protein secretion in CsA‐induced gingival overgrowth.
Association between infection of the respiratory tract attributable to bovine coronavirus and health and growth performance of cattle in feedlots
Authors: Lathrop Sarah L. , Wittum Thomas E. , Brock Kenny V. , Loerch Steven C. , Perino Louis J. , Bingham Howard R. , McCollum F. Ted , Saif Linda J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the association between respiratory tract infection with bovine coronavirus (BCV), treatment for respiratory tract disease, pulmonary lesions at slaughter, and average daily gain in cattle in feedlots.Animals—837 calves in feedlots in Ohio and Texas.Procedure—Nasal swab specimens were obtained from cattle at arrival in a feedlot (day 0) and at various times during the initial 28 days after arrival. Specimens were tested for BCV, using an antigencapture ELISA. Serum samples were obtained at arrival and again 28 days after arrival and tested for antibodies to BCV, using an antibody-detection ELISA. Information was collected regarding treatment for cattle with respiratory tract disease and average daily gain during the feeding period. Pulmonary lesions were evaluated at slaughter.Results—Cattle shedding BCV from the nasal cavity and developing an antibody response against BCV were 1.6 times more likely to require treatment for respiratory tract disease than cattle that did not shed the virus or develop an immune response against BCV. Additionally, cattle that shed BCV from the nasal cavity were 2.2 times more likely to have pulmonary lesions at slaughter than cattle that did not shed the virus. The BCV shedding or seroconversion status did not affect average daily gain.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Bovine coronavirus infects feedlot cattle and is associated with an increased risk for cattle developing respiratory tract disease and pulmonary lesions. Development of appropriate control measures could help reduce the incidence of respiratory tract disease. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:1062–1066)
Characterization of erythromycin-resistant methylase genes from multiple antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus spp isolated from milk samples of lactating cows
Authors: Khan Saeed A. , Nawaz Mohamed S. , Khan Ashraf A. , Steele Roger S. , Cerniglia Carl E. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To isolate and characterize erythromycinresistant
methylase genes in multiple-antibiotic resistant
staphylococci isolated from milk samples.

Animals—300 lactating cows.

Procedure—23 erythromycin-resistant staphylococci
were isolated from milk samples of 300 lactating
cows. The prevalence of erythromycin-resistant
methylase (erm) genes, ermC and ermA genes, and
the multicomponent macrolide efflux pump in staphylococci
msrA genes were identified and characterized
by use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR),
Southern hybridization, restricted fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and dot-blot hybridization.

Results—Biochemical characterization indicated that
3 of 23 (13%) isolates were coagulase-positive
Staphylococcus aureus, and the rest were coagulasenegative.
Multiplex PCR resulted in amplification of a
520-base pair (bp) region of the ermC gene from the
cell lysates of a strain of S simulans M-21 and S sciuri
M-28. The ermC gene in both isolates was found
on a 3-kilobase plasmid. The ermA gene was found on
the chromosome of 21 isolates, and 6 RFLP
patterns were observed. None of the isolates harbored
the msrA gene.

Conclusions—Erythromycin-resistantStaphylococcus
spp isolated from milk samples of lactating
cows may serve as reservoirs of erm genes homologous
to those described in human isolates.
However, the chromosomal insert patterns and
prevalence of these genes, the sizes of plasmids
harboring the genes, and the number of inserts of
the genes (copy number) may differ from that of
human isolates. (Am J Vet Res 2000;61:1128–1132)
Pathologic findings and association of Mycobacterium bovis infection with the bovine NRAMP1 gene in cattle from herds with naturally occurring tuberculosis
Authors: Barthel Robert , Piedrahita Jorge A. , McMurray David N. , Payeur Janet , Baca Daniel , Güemes Francisco Suárez , Perumaalla Veera S. , Ficht Thomas A. , Templeton Joe W. , Adams L. Garry 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine necropsy andMycobacterium bovis cultureresults in cattle from herds with tuberculosis, the role of the bovineNRAMP1gene in resistance and susceptibility to infection withM bovis, and the association between magnitude of the tuberculous lesions and various types ofM bovisisolates.Animals—61 cattle from herds with tuberculosis in Texas and Mexico.Procedure—61 cattle were evaluated by necropsy; 59 had positive and 2 had negative caudal fold tuberculin intradermal test (CFT) results. Thirty-three cattle with positive CFT results were genotyped to evaluate polymorphism of the 3'untranslated region of the bovineNRAMP1gene, using single-stranded conformational analysis, 9 were resistant toM boviswith no tuberculous lesions and negativeM bovisculture results, and 24 were susceptible with tuberculous lesions and positiveM bovisculture results. Isolates of Mboviswere analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) on the basis of IS6110sequences and direct-repeat fingerprinting patterns.Results—21 (35.6%; 21/59) cattle with positive CFT results had tuberculous lesions or positive culture results; in addition, 1 of 2 cattle with negative CFT results had tuberculous lesions and positive culture results. Tuberculous lesions were most common in the thorax (35/63; 55.5%) and lymphoid tissues of the head (10/63; 15.9%). Tuberculous lesions varied from 1 to 11/animal; 8 of 21 (38.1%) had solitary lesions. Associations were not found between resistance or susceptibility to infection withM bovisand polymorphism in theNRAMP1gene or between the magnitude of the lesions and various RFLP types ofM bovisisolates.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—TheNRAMP1gene does not determine resistance and susceptibility to infection withM bovisin cattle. (Am J Vet Res2000;61:1140–1144)
Effect of topical administration of epidermal growth factor on healing of corneal epithelial defects in horses
Authors: Burling Kristina , Seguin Mary A. , Marsh Peggy , Brinkman Kathy , Madigan John , Thurmond Mark , Moon-Massat Paula , Mannis Mark , Murphy Christopher J. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To characterize healing of corneal epithelial
defects in horses and to evaluate the ability of epidermal
growth factor (EGF) to modulate rate of
corneal epithelial healing in horses.

Sample Population—20 eyes in 12 adult horses.

Procedure—Corneal epithelial wounds were created
by mechanically debriding the limbus. Corneal healing
was recorded for 3 treatment groups: 50 µg of
EGF/ml (n = 5 eyes), 5 µg of EGF/ml (7), and PBS solution
(8). Corneal healing was recorded once daily after
instillation of fluorescein stain by use of photography
and calculating the area of the wound, using imaging
software.

Results—After corneal debridement, re-epithelialization
was rapid and progressed in a linear fashion for
the first 5 to 7 days after surgery in all groups. After
that period, rates of healing decreased. A profound
increase in the degree of inflammation, neovascularization,
melanosis, and scarring was observed in
eyes treated with the high dose of EGF (50 µg/ml),
but there was not a statistical difference in mean
healing time or in mean decrease in radius during the
linear phase between the control and either EGF
treatment groups. However, for all 8 horses in which
both eyes were debrided, the first eye healed significantly
faster than the second eye, regardless of
treatment.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Beneficial
effects of topical administration of a high dose of EGF
for acceleration of healing of corneal defects in eyes
of horses are outweighed by the intensity of the associated
inflammatory response. (Am J Vet Res 2000;
61:1150–1155)
Nitric oxide generation in a rat model of acute portal hypertension
Authors: Howe Lisa M. , Boothe Dawn M. , Slater Margaret R. , Boothe Harry W. , Wilkie Scott 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To document blood nitric oxide concentrations
in the portal vein and systemic circulation in a rat
model of acute portal hypertension and compare values
with a control group and a sham surgical group.

Animals—30 rats; 10 controls (group 1), 10 sham surgical
(group 2), and 10 rats with surgically induced
acute portal hypertension (group 3).

Procedure—Following induction of anesthesia,
catheters were placed surgically in the carotid artery,
jugular, and portal veins of group 2 and 3 rats and in
the carotid artery and jugular vein of group 1 rats.
Baseline heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature,
and vascular pressure measurements were
obtained, and blood was drawn from all catheters for
baseline nitric oxide (NO) concentrations. Acute portal
hypertension was induced in the group 3 rats by tying
a partially occluding suture around the portal vein and
a 22-gauge catheter. The catheter was then removed,
resulting in a repeatable degree of portal vein impingement.
After catheter placement, all variables were
remeasured at 15-minute intervals for 3 hours.

Results—Blood nitric oxide concentrations were greater
in all vessels tested in group 3 than in group 2 rats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Acute portal
hypertension in this experimental model results in
increased concentrations of NO in the systemic and
portal circulation. On the basis of information in the
rat, it is possible that increased NO concentrations
may develop in dogs following surgical treatment of
congenital portosystemic shunts if acute life-threatening
portal hypertension develops. Increased NO
concentrations may contribute to the shock syndrome
that develops in these dogs. (Am J Vet Res
2000;61:1173–1177)