bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity is Closely Associated with Skeletal Muscle Mass: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fang Wendong , zhang Jie , Wang Lu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Skeletal muscle is of great importance for human activity and quality of life, as its loss contributes greatly to immobilization, especially for aged individuals. An increased dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins may be beneficial for muscle loss because of aging. However, the quantitative relationship between total antioxidation capacity (TAC) of antioxidant vitamins and muscle mass is undetermined. 4009 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed with demographic, lifestyle and dietary intake adjustment factors. The dose saturation effect was also determined by a saturation effect analysis. Subgroup analysis were performed forage and sex. In the fully adjusted model, per unit increase of dietary TAC was associated with an increase of 0.018 g/kg appendicular lean mass (95% CI: 0.007–0.029), 0.014 g/kg trunk lean mass (95% CI: 0.004–0.024) and 0.035 g/kg total lean mass (95% CI: 0.014–0.055). TAC was associated with an decrease of 0.004 kg/kg total percent fat (95% CI: -0.006–-0.002), 0.005 kg/kg trunk percent fat (95% CI: -0.007–-0.002) and 0.003 kg/m2 BMI (95% CI: -0.006–-0.001) at the same time. Subgroup analysis indicated that women and adults <50 years may experience the most significant association between TAC and skeletal muscle mass. We revealed a positive correlation between TAC and lean body mass, a negative association between TAC and body fat and BMI. Saturation values were found among people aged 40–59. Age and sex mediate these associations.
Clothing color effect as a target of the smallest scale climate change adaptation
Authors: Ichinose Toshiaki , Pan Yi , Yoshida Yukiko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The authors observed surface temperatures of polo shirts of the same material and design but different colors. The shirts were placed in unshaded and well-ventilated outdoor, open spaces on sunny summer days. The maximum difference between dark green or black and white was more than 15°C during calm, fine weather and was greatest when the solar radiation was strong. If the transmission of solar radiation energy through a shirt is ignored to calculate the absorption by the shirt, the absorption of solar radiation accounted for 24% of the temperature difference among colors, and if considered, we concluded that an absorption difference of 34% led to a temperature difference of 15℃. When we compared the brightness of the colors, we found that the albedo of both the visible and NIR bands explained why the red and green colors were so different with respect to the surface temperatures we observed. The reflection in the NIR bands was also an important determinant of the surface temperature. An additional experiment using masks showed that the temperature difference between white and black was almost eliminated at a wind speed of ~5 m/s. The color of clothing is therefore a target for small-scale adaptation to climate change.
Detection of Pipeline Leaks using BiopiezoelectricEnergy Harvesting Sensors via RecurrenceQuantification and Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Rounak Aasifa , Banerjee Shreyan , Joseph George Vathakkattil , Okosun Favour , Guerin Sarah , Pakrashi Vikram 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a study on water pipeline leak detection using organic glycineenergy harvesting sensors. The analysis involves examining open circuit voltageswith recurrence quantification analysis (RQA), complexity measures, and neuromorphiccomputing techniques. Time-dependent un-thresholded recurrence plotsreveal nonlinear characteristics in bio-piezoelectric sensed signatures, providinginsights into leak intensities, flow rates, and sensor locations over short and longtime scales. RQA measures successfully distinguish between leak states, withincreased flow rates resulting in notable changes. The results indicate that glycinesensors outperform PVDF sensors in accurate leak detection. The methodologyis adapted to a neuromorphic framework, estimating leak occurrence and sizeclassification. The spiking neural network-based model shows the superiority ofbio-piezoelectric sensors for structural health monitoring within a neuromorphicframework, compared to PVDF sensors.
Enhancing Intrusion Detection in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks: Comparative Study of Behavioral IDSs
Authors: Jelleli Taher M. , Alimi Adel M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

With an emphasis on behavioral intrusion detection systems [BIDSs], this study investigates the field of intrusion detection in mobile ad hoc networks [MANETs]. Because they are dynamic and decentralized, MANETs are vulnerable to a range of security risks, such as infiltration attempts. In this situation, conventional intrusion detection techniques show their shortcomings, opening the door for BIDS research. We provide a thorough comparison study of several intrusion detection system [IDS] methods, such as behavioral analysis, rule-based detection, machine learning-based detection, statistical anomaly detection, and environmental-based detection. These techniques are assessed in a dynamic network setting that considers the increasing volume of data and sporadic changes in sensor characteristics. The simulation becomes more realistic with the addition of behavior scores, which complicate the intrusion detection procedure Among the evaluation criteria are detection rates, which provide information about how well each IDS strategy performs in dynamic MANETs. The results contribute to the ongoing effort to improve security in MANETs by highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the various intrusion detection approaches.
pH-Sensitive Swelling Behavior and Drug Release Kinetics of Chitosan-Modified Cs/HEMA Hydrogels
Authors: Mahdi Hadeel Salih , Alshrefi Saif M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the pH-sensitive swelling behavior and drug release kinetics of Chitosan-modified Cs/HEMA hydrogels. The influence of cross-linking agents, hydrophilicity, and crosslinking density on the swelling behavior and stability of the hydrogel membranes is examined. The Donnan swelling equilibrium is employed to explain the expansion of the hydrogels, which is controlled by the osmotic pressure gradient between the interior and exterior of the hydrogel. The hydrogels exhibit pH responsiveness, with maximum swelling at low pH levels and minimized swelling at high pH levels. Additionally, temperature is found to affect the swelling behavior, with higher temperatures resulting in increased swelling ratios. The release rate of the drug (5-ASA) is observed to be influenced by both pH and temperature, with higher release rates at pH 8 and elevated temperatures. Moreover, the impact of Chitosan concentration on drug release kinetics is investigated, revealing a significant effect. These findings contribute to the understanding of the behavior of Chitosan-modified Cs/HEMA hydrogels and provide valuable insights for the development of pH-responsive and temperature-responsive drug delivery systems.
Predicting Errors in Accident Hotspots and Investigating Spatiotemporal, Weather, and Behavioral Factors Using Interpretable Machine Learning: an Analysis of Telematics Big Data
Authors: Golestani Ali , Rezaei Nazila , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Ahmadi Naser , Ataei Seyed Mohammad-Navid , Khosravi Sepehr , Jafari Ayyoob , Shahraz Saeid , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The utilization of explainable machine learning models has emerged as a key technique for predicting and interpreting various aspects of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in recent years. This study aimed to predict the occurrence of errors in road accident hotspots and interpret the most influential predictors using telematics data. Data from 1673 intercity buses across Iran in 2020, merged with weather data, formed a comprehensive dataset. After preprocessing, 619,988 records were used to build and compare six machine learning models. and the best model was selected for interpretation using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanation). Six models including logistic regression, K-nearest neighbors, random forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Naïve Bayes, and support vector machine were developed and XGBoost demonstrated the best performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 91.70% (95% uncertainty interval: 91.33% − 92.09%). SHAP values identified spatial variables, especially province and road type, as the most critical features for error prediction in hotspots. Fatigue emerged as an important predictor, alongside certain weather variables like dew points. Temporal variables had a limited impact. Incorporating various spatiotemporal, behavioral, and weather-related variables collected by telematics, our analysis underscored the significance of spatial variables in predicting errors in accident hotspots in Iran. Policymakers are advised to prioritize decisions strengthening road infrastructures to mitigate the burden of RTAs.
Enucleation Following Endophthalmitis – Case Report
Authors: Saba Malikah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of both the anterior and posterior chamber (1). It can be classified into infectious and non-infectious. Infectious endophthalmitis is a bacterial or fungal infection inside the eye involving the vitreous and/or aqueous humor (2). It occurs following the exudation of the vitrous cavity (3) which can be further classified into exogenous (post-operative, post-traumatic) or endogenous. Most cases of endophthalmitis exogenous and occur after trauma to the eye. Post traumatic infectious endophthalmitis accounts for approximately 25-31% of patients among those with infectious endophthalmitis (4,5).
Endogenous endophthalmitis on the other hand, refers to a blood-borne metastatic infection from the primary inoculation site secondary to a bacterial or fungal pathology (6).
CASE REPORT
A Caucasian patient in his 50’s with no relevant past medical history was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) following a motor vehicle collision. During this period, it was noted that the patient developed a rash over his right eye. There was no trauma to the eye, no systemic signs of infection and no subjective visual signs as the patient was sedated. Computed tomography scanning (CT) revealed right orbital cellulitis with probable endophthalmitis, and lens dislocation as seen in Figure 1. The early lens dislocation was a poor prognostic sign, and despite surgical intervention and systemic and intravitreal antimicrobials, the patient’s cornea perforated, requiring subsequent evisceration of the right eye.
CONCLUSIONS
Endophthalmitis is a serious complication of trauma, surgical procedures, and septicaemia. It can lead to evisceration of the eye if not detected and treated early. The main objectives in endophthalmitis treatment are to eradicate or control infection with appropriate antibiotics, manage the inflammation with potent anti-inflammatories such as corticosteroids; and to offer supportive therapy such as eye care, reducing intraocular pressure and oedema.
Soluble and insoluble lysates from the human A53T mutant α-synuclein transgenic mouse model induces α-synucleinopathy independent of injection site
Authors: Lee Michael , Barnes Justin , Vermilyea Scott , Meints Joyce , Martinez Hector 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Pathological aggregation of a-synuclein (aS) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and other a-synucleinopathies. The current view is that neuron-to-neuron spreading of aS pathology contributes to the progression of a-synucleinopathy. We used an A53T mutant human aS transgenic mouse model (TgA53T) to examine whether the site of pathogenic aS inoculation affects the pattern of neuropathology and whether soluble and insoluble fractions derived from crude pathogenic tissue lysates exhibit differential capacities to initiate aS pathology. To test whether the inoculation site impacts the ultimate spatial/temporal patterns of aS pathology, aS preformed fibrils (PFF), or brain homogenates from TgA53T mice with a-synucleinopathy, were injected into the cortex/striatum, brain stem, or skeletal muscle. In all cases, inoculation of pathogenic aS induced end-stage motor dysfunction within ~100 days post-inoculation (dpi). Significantly, irrespective of the inoculation sites, ultimate distribution of the aS pathology was like that seen in normally aged TgA53T mice at end-stage, indicating that the intrinsic neuronal vulnerability is a significant determinant in the induction of aS pathology, even when initiated by inoculation of pathogenic aS. Temporal analysis of brain stem injected TgA53T mice show that initial aS pathology was seen by 30 days post-inoculation and inflammatory changes occur at later stages. To determine if the aS species with differential solubility are differentially pathogenic, brain lysates from end-stage TgA53Tmice were fractionated into highly soluble (S150) and insoluble (P150) fractions, as well as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-enriched fraction (P100). Significantly, all fractions were able to seed de novo aS pathology in vivo, when injected unilaterally into TgA53Tmice with the ER fractions being most pathogenic. Our results suggest that multiple aS species from brain can initiate the development of progressive aS pathology.
Genomic and phenomic predictions help capture low-effect alleles promoting seed germination in oilseed rape in addition to QTL analyses
Authors: Laurençon Marianne , Legrix Julie , Wagner Marie-Hélène , Demilly Didier , Baron Cécile , Rolland Sophie , Ducournau Sylvie , Laperche Anne , Nesi Nathalie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Oilseed rape faces many challenges, especially at the beginning of its developmental cycle. Achieving rapid and uniform seed germination could help to ensure a successful establishment, and therefore enabling the crop to compete with weeds and tolerate stresses during the earliest developmental stages. The polygenic nature of seed germination was highlighted in several studies, and more knowledge is needed about low- to moderate-effect underlying loci in order to enhance seed germination effectively by improving the genetic background and incorporating favorable alleles. A total of 17 QTL were detected for seed germination-related traits, for which the favorable alleles often corresponded to the most frequent alleles in the panel. Genomic and phenomic predictions methods provided moderate to high predictive abilities, demonstrating the ability to capture small additive and non-additive effects for seed germination. This study also showed that phenomic prediction better estimated breeding values than genomic prediction. Finally, as the predictive ability of phenomic prediction was less influenced by the genetic structure of the panel, it is worth using this prediction method to characterize genetic resources, particularly with a view to design prebreeding populations.
Prevalence of Biomarkers and Associated Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in Adult Diabetic Out-patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Uganda - a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kirya Moses , Bwayo Denis , Otim Michael E. , Mutoo Paul Bukhota , M.Masaba J.Peter , Okibure Ambrose , Katuramu Richard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM contributes to about 66% of CKD cases globally. CKiiiD results in increased morbidity and mortality and advanced stages often require renal replacement therapy that is unaffordable for the majority of the patients. Developing countries have scanty data regarding CKD burden in diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed at determining the prevalence of biomarkers for CKD and associated factors among diabetic patients attending the adult diabetic clinic of Mbale Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH).
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the adult diabetic clinic of Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in Eastern Uganda. 374 adult diabetic patients who consented, were recruited and interviewed. A urine sample for Urine Albumin Creatinine Ratio (UACR) determination and a venous blood sample for measurement of serum creatinine were obtained from each participant. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was determined using the CKD-EPI equation and CKD was staged according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) systems.
Results
A total of 318 (85%) participants had an eGFR of ≤ 60mls/min/1.72m², significant proteinuria, or both. 6.1% were aware. Age, Duration of DM, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia were associated with CKD biomarkers.
Conclusion
There is a high prevalence of biomarkers for CKD among DM patients, the majority of them being undiagnosed. Over half of the DM patients had an eGFR consistent with advanced CKD. Strengthening routine screening for CKD biomarkers and enhancing the DM clinics with more diagnostic resources is recommended.
Anatomical Study of Single Incision Posterior Contralateral C7 Nerve Transfer Through Subdural Pathway
Authors: Yao Long , Yan Zhengcun , Wang Xiaodong , Gu Jiaxiang , Liu Hongjun , Zhang Hengzhu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose Simulate the surgical process of contralateral C7 nerve transfer through a single incision spinal canal through the subdural pathway through autopsy, and explore the feasibility of this technique.
Methods Four fresh frozen cadaver specimens were used for the study.Operate under a neuroendoscope and microscope to observe and measure the length of the root filaments within the dura mater of the C7 nerve and the length of the C7 nerve from the dura mater to the nerve fusion site.Separate the C7 nerve and simulate a single incision spinal canal through the subdural pathway for contralateral C7 nerve transfer surgery.
Results When the C7 nerve comes out of the dura mater, the anterior root and the posterior root run separately. The C7 nerve has a filiform structure, arranged symmetrically left and right. The root filaments are attached to the connective tissue under the soft membrane, and the length of the root filaments is gradually shortened from top to bottom. Simulated surgery showed that all four specimens completed simulated surgery with the aid of neuroendoscopy and microscopy.
Conclusion From an anatomical perspective, it is feasible to anastomose the healthy C7 nerve with the affected root filament in the dorsal bundle of the spinal cord after being cut off under the dura mater, providing theoretical and clinical basis for the feasibility of the contralateral C7 nerve intraspinal transfer surgery.
First Czech record of the Asian hornet (Vespa velutina) and a climatic prediction of its spread in the Czech Republic
Authors: Walter Jan , Görner Tomáš , Šulda Luděk , Bureš Jan , Myslík Zdeněk , Milička Radek , Bartoňová Alena Sucháčková , Beneš Jiří , Biemann Ondřej , Brus Jan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Asian or yellow-legged hornet Vespa velutina nigrithorax has been accidentally introduced into several European countries. This invasive species has an impact on entomofauna, mainly apiculture, and plant biodiversity through reduction of pollinators. We present the first record of the species in the Czech Republic, notes associated with this record, its COI barcode, and modelled potential distribution. A specimen of Vespa velutina nigrithorax was recorded in October 2023 in Pilsen city (West Bohemia, Czech Republic). The nest was traced by observing released individuals, detected on Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and removed. The nest comprised 361 workers, 459 males, five queens, and larval and pupal stages. The COI barcode confirmed the European origin of this nest. The species either followed natural routes from Bavaria (Germany) or was introduced by transportation. A species distribution model (Maxent) trained on European distribution showed that the western Czech Republic is more suitable for the species than its eastern parts, as the species likely prefers lower continentality. Recently, this record represented an isolated occurrence in the Czech Republic; however further expansion of this invasive species is expected.
Exploring the interactions between mitochondria-related genes and the immune microenvironment in sepsis: a bioinformatics study
Authors: Li Haibo , Ma Wanli , Liu Xinyi , Song Jiannan , yu Ran , Hou Lina , Guo Ying , Wu Jiannan , Shi Baolan , Zhou Qi , Zhao Meiqi , Zhang Xizhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this study, we utilized bioinformatics to investigate the intricate interplay between mitochondria-related genes and the immune microenvironment in sepsis, a life-threatening condition with complex pathophysiology. Through analysis of mRNA expression profiles from NCBI GEO, we identified 49 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with mitochondria (MitoDEGs) by intersecting them with mitochondrial lineage genes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted to elucidate the functional roles of MitoDEGs in sepsis. A protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network highlighted 10 central MitoDEGs as hub genes crucial in sepsis. Furthermore, utilizing NetworkAnalyst, we predicted transcription factors and constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network to unveil potential interactions of MitoDEGs with miRNAs and lncRNAs. Notably, our study revealed alterations in immune cell infiltration within the sepsis microenvironment, with Spearman analysis demonstrating significant correlations between hub MitoDEGs and specific immune cell subsets. These comprehensive findings shed light on the crosstalk between mitochondrial function and immune responses in sepsis, offering novel insights for the identification of therapeutic targets in the management of this critical condition.
Predicting Survival of Heart Failure Patients Using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model
Authors: Jackson Mulumba , Atuhaire Leonard , Nsimbe Dick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases kill approximately 17 million people globally every year, and they mainly exhibit as myocardial infarctions and heart failures. The main purpose of this study was to predict the survival of heart failure patients using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model.
Method: In this paper, we analyze a dataset of 299 patients with heart failure collected in 2015, of whom 105 were women and 194 were men aged between 40 and 95 years old. With the support of the RStudio statistical Programme, the Cox Proportional Hazards Model was estimated to determine the survival of heart failure patients.
Results: Each additional year of patient age increases the hazard (HR = 1.0446; p-value = 8.41e-07). As a result, survival decreases as the age of the heart patient increases. Most importantly, heart failure patients with hypertension (high blood pressure) had a worse survival than patients without hypertension (HR = 1.5948; p-value = 0.0284). Furthermore, when all other factors were held constant, increased ejection fraction was found to decrease the hazard (HR = 0.9495; p-value = 2.57 e-07) and improve survival, whereas increased creatinine was found to increase the hazard (HR = 1.4167; p-value = 1.05 e-07), hence reducing survival.
Conclusions: These findings are expected to underscore the significance of the studied factors in predicting mortality from heart failure in Pakistan. Given the vital role of the heart, predicting heart failure remains a priority for medical practitioners and physicians, highlighting the importance of advancing predictive models for effective management.