bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The infected diabetic foot: Modulation of traditional biomarkers for osteomyelitis diagnosis in the setting of diabetic foot infection and renal impairment
Authors: Coye Tyler L. , Crisologo P. Andrew , Suludere Mehmet A. , Malone Matthew , Oz Orhan K. , Lavery Lawrence A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe objective of this paper was to investigate erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and c‐reactive protein (CRP) in diagnosing pedal osteomyelitis (OM) in patients with and without diabetes, and with and without severe renal impairment (SRI). This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with moderate and severe foot infections. We evaluated three groups: Subjects without diabetes (NDM), subjects with diabetes and without severe renal insufficiency (DM‐NSRI), and patients with diabetes and SRI (DM‐SRI). SRI was defined as eGFR <30. We evaluated area under the curve (AUC), cutoff point, sensitivity and specificity to characterize the accuracy of ESR and CRP to diagnose OM. A total of 408 patients were included in the analysis. ROC analysis in the NDM group revealed the AUC for ESR was 0.62, with a cutoff value of 46 mm/h (sensitivity, 49.0%; specificity, 76.0%). DM‐NSRI subjects showed the AUC for ESR was 0.70 with the cutoff value of 61 mm/h (sensitivity, 68.9%; specificity 61.8%). In DM‐SRI, the AUC for ESR was 0.67, with a cutoff value of 119 mm/h (sensitivity, 46.4%; specificity, 82.40%). In the NDM group, the AUC for CRP was 0.55, with a cutoff value of 6.4 mg/dL (sensitivity, 31.3%; specificity, 84.0%). For DM‐NSRI, the AUC for CRP was 0.70, with a cutoff value of 8 mg/dL (sensitivity, 49.2%; specificity, 80.6%). In DM‐SRI, the AUC for CRP was 0.62, with a cutoff value of 7 mg/dL (sensitivity, 57.1%; specificity, 67.7%). While CRP demonstrated relatively consistent utility, ESR's diagnostic cutoff points diverged significantly. These results highlight the necessity of considering patient‐specific factors when interpreting ESR results in the context of OM diagnosis.
Extensive analysis of risk factors associated with surgical site infections post‐cardiothoracic open surgery
Authors: Li Hong , Zheng Xufeng , Gao Jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSurgical site infections (SSIs) post‐cardiothoracic surgery represent a significant challenge in patient care. Understanding the risk factors contributing to SSIs is essential for improving surgical outcomes and patient safety. A comprehensive retrospective analysis was conducted at our institution from January 2021 to December 2022. This study included 30 patients with SSIs and 60 without, following cardiothoracic open surgery. Data were collected on various variables, including hypertension, anaemia, operation time, hospital stay, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, Body Mass Index, age, and drainage tube placement. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed using SPSS software to identify significant predictors of SSIs. Univariate analysis indicated a strong correlation between SSIs and factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, drainage tube placement, anaemia, and significant intraoperative blood loss (≥800 mL). These factors were statistically significant with p‐values < 0.05. Multivariate logistic regression further confirmed the impact of these factors, with high odds ratios indicating a substantial increase in SSI risk associated with these conditions. This study highlights intraoperative blood loss, anaemia, drainage tube placement, smoking, and diabetes mellitus as key risk factors for SSIs post‐cardiothoracic surgery. Recognising and addressing these factors through targeted preventive measures is crucial in clinical practice to reduce the incidence of SSIs and improve postoperative care in cardiothoracic surgery.
Maternal tobacco exposure during pregnancy and atopic dermatitis in offspring: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chao Ling , Liang Wenjuan , Zhao Xiangmei , Liang Zhenzhen , Wu Weidong , Song Jie , Ren Wenjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main purpose of this review was to examine the evidence of the relationship between active smoking or passive smoking during pregnancy and atopic dermatitis in offspring. The protocol was written following the PRISMA Checklist and was registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42022381136). We implemented a comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases to identify all potentially related articles from inception through 1 December 2022. We assessed cohort studies and case–control studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross‐sectional studies. Heterogeneity was investigated by using Cochrane Q tests and I2 statistics. In addition, according to the research design, population source and population size, the reasons for the heterogeneity were analysed. A total of 15 observational studies were included in this analysis. Our meta‐analysis suggests that atopic dermatitis in offspring is not associated with active smoking during pregnancy (pooled OR, 0.96 [95% CI 0.86–1.07]); however, it is related to passive smoking (OR, 1.52 [95% CI 1.36–1.70]). Passive smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of eczema development in offspring. More research is needed to explore the risk of active smoking and eczema development in offspring, especially the association between measurements of pregnancy cotinine levels in maternal body fluids and AD in offspring.
Dermatoscopic patterns of cutaneous metastases: A multicentre cross‐sectional study of the International Dermoscopy Society
Authors: Tiodorovic Danica , Stojkovic‐Filipovic Jelena , Marghoob Ashfaq , Argenziano Giuseppe , Puig Susana , Malvehy Josep , Tognetti Linda , Pietro Rubegni , Akay Bengu Nisa , Zalaudek Iris , Haenssle Holger A. , Müller‐Christmann Christine , Cinotti Elisa , Perrot Jean Luc , Zaballos Pedro , Bakos Renato Marchiori , Thomas Luc , Peris Ketty , Lallas Aimilios , Apalla Zoe , Kreusch Juergen F. , Tromme Isabelle , Stratigos Alexandros J. , Pizzichetta Maria Antonietta , Kandolf Lidija , Longo Caterina , Blum Andreas , Tanaka Masaru , Hofmann‐Wellenhof Rainer , Jovic Andrija , Paoli John , Buljan Marija , Espasandín‐Arias Martina , Cabo Horacio , Saa Sonia Rodrigiez , Salerni Gabriel , Nazzaro Gianluca , Kaminska‐Winciorek Grazyna , Damiani Giovanni , Geszti Franciska , Kittler Harald ,   IDS Study group
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe detection of cutaneous metastases (CMs) from various primary tumours represents a diagnostic challenge.ObjectivesOur aim was to evaluate the general characteristics and dermatoscopic features of CMs from different primary tumours.MethodsRetrospective, multicentre, descriptive, cross‐sectional study of biopsy‐proven CMs.ResultsWe included 583 patients (247 females, median age: 64 years, 25%–75% percentiles: 54–74 years) with 632 CMs, of which 52.2% (n = 330) were local, and 26.7% (n = 169) were distant. The most common primary tumours were melanomas (n = 474) and breast cancer (n = 59). Most non‐melanoma CMs were non‐pigmented (n = 151, 95.6%). Of 169 distant metastases, 54 (32.0%) appeared on the head and neck region. On dermatoscopy, pigmented melanoma metastases were frequently structureless blue (63.6%, n = 201), while amelanotic metastases were typified by linear serpentine vessels and a white structureless pattern. No significant difference was found between amelanotic melanoma metastases and CMs of other primary tumours.ConclusionsThe head and neck area is a common site for distant CMs. Our study confirms that most pigmented melanoma metastasis are structureless blue on dermatoscopy and may mimic blue nevi. Amelanotic metastases are typified by linear serpentine vessels and a white structureless pattern, regardless of the primary tumour.
Factors influencing migration of short‐finned eels (Anguilla australis) over 3 years from a wetland system, Lake Condah, south‐east Australia, downstream to the sea
Authors: Koster Wayne , Church Ben , Crook David , Dawson David , Fanson Ben , O'Connor Justin , Stuart Ivor 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnguillid eel populations are under threat globally. A particularly vulnerable life‐cycle stage is the migration of mature adult eels downstream from freshwater habitats through estuaries into the sea to spawn. This study investigated the factors associated with downstream migration of the short‐finned eel Anguilla australis (Richardson 1841) from a coastal wetland (Lake Condah) in south‐east Australia, using acoustic telemetry. Migration was associated with time of the year, higher water level and river flows, decreasing water temperature, and darker moon phases. Larger individuals and those in better condition were more likely to migrate from the wetland. Downstream migration peaked in spring, in contrast to the typical autumn migration period for other temperate anguillids. Variable responses, in comparison to other studies, highlight how migration cues may not be universal. In south‐east Australia, short‐finned eels may have evolved to migrate in multiple phases by first migrating to the estuary during typical seasonal spring flow pulses (e.g., to avoid being stranded in upland reaches during dry summer periods) and then migrating into the ocean in autumn. More research is needed to unravel these processes and causes, especially considering that the relationship between migration and hydrology may be complex and confounded (e.g., by human‐induced disruptions to migratory pathways).
Measuring coefficient of thermal expansion of materials of micrometre size using SEM/FIB microscope with in situ MEMS heating stage
Authors: Robertson Stuart , McClintock Andrew , Jolley Kenny , Zhou Han , Davis Sam , Wu Houzheng , Liu Changqing , Doak Scott , Zhou Zhaoxia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA new method is proposed to measure the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of solid metals and ceramics of micron‐sized dimensions. This approach uses a focused ion beam (FIB) to extract and transfer a slab of the sample, typically (15–20) ×10 × (3–5) µm onto a Micro‐Electro‐Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in situ heating holder inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). CTE is thereafter calculated by image correlating the change of length (ΔL) between the fiducial marks on the slab as a function of temperature, taking advantage of the temperature calibration of the MEMS heating holder and nanometre resolution of the scanning electron microscope. The CTE results are validated to be consistent with standard copper and silicon. We further demonstrate the method on a graphene platelet reinforced copper composite and a graphite filler phase isolated from a bulk sample, these represent materials that cannot be practically synthesised or isolated at the macro‐scale. Errors associated with the measurement are discussed.
A systematic conceptual review of financial access
Authors: Birkenmaier Julie , Huang Jin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFinancial access is used in practice and research as an important concept relevant to financial capability and financial well‐being. This study examines the literature on individual financial access and develops a conceptualization, definition, domains, and proposed items. Following a systematic conceptual review method, the review is based on 171 articles published during January 2012–August 2022 retrieved from Scopus and Dissertation and Thesis Global. Using grounded theory, data were coded related to financial access definition, concepts, measurement, and associated content. The domains identified were Mainstream Financial Products and Services, Institutional Practices of Available Mainstream Financial Service Providers, Individual Resources and Intrinsic Qualities and Abilities, and Individual Financial Action and Perceptions. Financial Products or Services Utilized by Social Programs to Provide Benefits was added. Study implications include the need to broaden the focus of policies and practices beyond ownership of financial products and services. Directions for future research are discussed.
Successful treatment of cutaneous protothecosis with fluconazole: A case report and epidemiology study of Prototheca infection in China
Authors: Xu Chandi , Pan Chaolan , Xu Chengan , Zheng Wei , Yin Qiaoqiao , Pan Hongying , Chen Yingjun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundProtothecosis is an infection of humans and animals caused by a rare conditionally pathogenic fungus (prototheca). It can occur in immunocompromised or normal patients.AimsTo describe the epidemiology of prototheca infection in China.MethodsWe report a case of successful treatment of cutaneous protothecosis with fluconazole and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prototheca infections in China.ResultsWe describe this case and 29 cases of prototheca infections in China. At present, Prototheca wickerhamii (Pw) infection is the most common infection in China, and single or combined itraconazole is the preferred treatment.ConclusionsThese results provide detailed information and relevant clinical treatment strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of protothecosis in China.
Prevalence, risk factors and impact of delirium in adult inpatients in a tertiary care hospital: A point prevalence study
Authors: Schiess Cornel , Hofer Lisa , von Felten Stefanie , Bartussek Jan , Petry Heidi , Ernst Jutta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsTo describe the point prevalence, risk factors and possible outcomes of delirium in inpatients.DesignA cross‐sectional point prevalence study.BackgroundDelirium is an acute brain syndrome that negatively affects patients, healthcare professionals and institutions alike; it is common in inpatient settings and is preventable in about one third of cases. Although guidelines recommend systematic screening and assessment, delirium is often unrecognised, undiagnosed and uncoded. There is a lack of valid data on this patient safety indicator in German‐speaking countries.MethodsThe study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland on 5 July 2022. Specially trained registered nurses collected data from all patients meeting the inclusion criteria using CAM, ICDSC or mCAM‐ED. Data were analysed descriptively with stratification by delirium status, setting and surgery.ResultsThe point prevalence across all settings was 6.9% (27/390), with large variation between settings: ICU 28.6% (4/14), IMC 28.0% (7/25), wards 4.6% (15/326) and ED 4% (1/25). Surgical patients were almost twice as likely to be affected as medical patients (8.9% vs. 4.8%). Patients with delirium differed most clearly from those without by having a larger number of ICD‐10 F‐diagnoses, a larger number of medications and higher age, which are known risk factors. Moreover, those with delirium had more missed diagnoses, increased mortality, more adverse events and higher costs.ConclusionsA significant number of patients experienced delirium and adverse clinical outcomes. Missed delirium diagnoses may further jeopardise patient safety and result in lost revenue. It remains unclear to what extent the risk factors and effects of delirium are causal and what determinants underlie missed diagnoses.Relevance to Clinical PracticeConsistent identification of high‐risk patients and treatment settings with elevated risk, accompanied by the implementation of effective preventive and management strategies, is critical to addressing delirium.
Intermarriage and housing upon separation. A matter of resources and bargaining power?
Authors: Lacroix Julie , Mikolai Júlia , Kulu Hill 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis paper examines post‐separation residential outcomes in immigrant, native, and immigrant–native mixed (married and cohabiting) couples.BackgroundPrevious research showed that women were more likely to leave the family home upon separation than men, indicating a weaker bargaining position.MethodUsing linked survey and register data from Switzerland, we estimate two post‐separation mobility outcomes: who leaves the family home and to what distance this person relocates. By distinguishing male and female partners by migrant origin, we consider how gendered power imbalances interact with migration status to create specific bargaining dynamics within households.ResultsAmong immigrant–native mixed couples, the immigrant ex‐partner (regardless of gender) was significantly more likely to move out of the joint home following separation. The likelihood of moving (abroad) after separation was highest for recently arrived immigrant women.ConclusionThe results suggest that migration status brings in a new dimension of bargaining within separating couples, which affects the gender‐specific residential mobility outcomes reported in previous studies. Although family migration decisions are generally biased toward the human capital of men, this study shows the advantage of the native partner in immigrant–native couples.
The role of physical activity on obstructive sleep apnea severity and hypoxic load, and the mismatch between subjective and objective physical activity assessments
Authors: Fridgeirsdottir Katrin Y. , Ólafsdóttir Kristín A. , Islind Anna Sigridur , Leppänen Timo , Arnardottir Erna S. , Saavedra Jose M. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryObesity is the primary risk factor for the development of obstructive sleep apnea, and physical inactivity plays an important role. However, most studies have either only evaluated physical activity subjectively or objectively in obstructive sleep apnea. The objectives of this study were: (i) to assess the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea severity (both apnea–hypopnea index and desaturation parameters) and both objectively and subjectively measured physical activity after adjustment for anthropometry and body composition parameters; and (ii) to assess the relationship between objective and subjective physical activity parameters and whether obstructive sleep apnea severity has a modulatory effect on this relationship. Fifty‐four subjects (age 47.7 ± 15.0 years, 46% males) were categorized into groups according to obstructive sleep apnea severity: no obstructive sleep apnea; mild obstructive sleep apnea; and moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea. All subjects were evaluated with subjective and objective physical activity, anthropometric and body composition measurements, and 3‐night self‐applied polysomnography. A one‐way ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences between the three obstructive sleep apnea severity groups and multiple linear regression to predict obstructive sleep apnea severity. Differences in subjectively reported sitting time (p ≤ 0.004) were found between participants with moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea, and those with either mild or no obstructive sleep apnea (p = 0.004). Age, body mass index and neck circumference explained 63.3% of the variance in the apnea–hypopnea index, and age, body mass index and visceral adiposity explained 67.8% of the variance in desaturation parameters. The results showed that the person's physical activity does not affect obstructive sleep apnea severity. A weak correlation was found between objective and subjective physical activity measures, which could be relevant for healthcare staff encouraging patients with obstructive sleep apnea to increase their physical activity.
Prevalence, clinical presentation, and etiology of myelopathies in 224 juvenile dogs
Authors: Pilkington Ed J. , De Decker Steven , Skovola Eleftheria , Cloquell Miro Ana , Gutierrez Quintana Rodrigo , Faller Kiterie M. E. , Aguilera Padros Albert , Goncalves Rita 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc herniation is widely recognized as the most common cause of myelopathy in dogs older than 2 years; however, the prevalence of various causes of myelopathy in younger dogs has not been reported.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe the prevalence, clinical presentation, and etiology of myelopathy in dogs aged 18 months or less. Secondarily, to investigate which clinical features were associated with each of the most common etiologies.AnimalsTwo hundred twenty‐four dogs aged 18 months or less with myelopathy were included in the study.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical records from 4 referral institutions. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed which clinical features were associated with each diagnosis.ResultsFrench bulldogs (n = 51, 22.8%), pugs (n = 18, 8.0%), crossbreeds (n = 12, 5.4%), and English bulldogs (n = 11, 4.9%) were the most frequently affected breeds. Overall, 31 diagnoses were reached. The 5 most frequent diagnoses were vertebral malformation (VM; n = 42, 18.8%), spinal arachnoid diverticulum (SAD; n = 28, 12.5%), traumatic fracture of the vertebral column (n = 22, 9.8%), atlantoaxial instability (n = 18, 8.0%), and osseous‐associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (n = 17, 7.6%). Intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) accounted for 4.5% of cases (n = 10). A final diagnosis of VM was associated with younger, screw‐tailed, and pug breeds with chronic signs of T3‐L3 myelopathy. SAD was associated with screw‐tailed and pug breeds with nonpainful clinical signs. Intervertebral disc extrusion was associated with older, screw‐tailed, and pug breeds with shorter duration of clinical signs.Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePrioritization of differential diagnoses for dogs presenting with signs of myelopathy when aged 18 months or less should differ to those for older dogs, with IVDE not the most common cause in the former.
Spectral ecophysiology: hyperspectral pressure–volume curves to estimate leaf turgor loss
Authors: Castillo‐Argaez Raiza , Sapes Gerard , Mallen Nicole , Lippert Alston , John Grace P. , Zare Alina , Hammond William M. 
Published: March 2024

Summary

Turgor loss point (TLP) is an important proxy for plant drought tolerance, species habitat suitability, and drought‐induced plant mortality risk. Thus, TLP serves as a critical tool for evaluating climate change impacts on plants, making it imperative to develop high‐throughput and in situ methods to measure TLP.

We developed hyperspectral pressure–volume curves (PV curves) to estimate TLP using leaf spectral reflectance. We used partial least square regression models to estimate water potential (Ψ) and relative water content (RWC) for two species, Frangula caroliniana and Magnolia grandiflora. RWC and Ψ's model for each species had R2 ≥ 0.7 and %RMSE = 7–10. We constructed PV curves with model estimates and compared the accuracy of directly measured and spectra‐predicted TLP.

Our findings indicate that leaf spectral measurements are an alternative method for estimating TLP. F. caroliniana TLP's values were −1.62 ± 0.15 (means ± SD) and −1.62 ± 0.34 MPa for observed and reflectance predicted, respectively (P > 0.05), while M. grandiflora were −1.78 ± 0.34 and −1.66 ± 0.41 MPa (P > 0.05).

The estimation of TLP through leaf reflectance‐based PV curves opens a broad range of possibilities for future research aimed at understanding and monitoring plant water relations on a large scale with spectral ecophysiology.