bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the use of intraosseous vascular access in prehospital advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation: The IOVA‐CPR study
Authors: Agostinucci Jean‐Marc , Alhéritière Armelle , Metzger Jacques , Nadiras Pierre , Martineau Laurence , Bertrand Philippe , Gentilhomme Angélie , Petrovic Tomislav , Adnet Frédéric , Lapostolle Frédéric 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionObtaining vascular access is crucial in critically ill patients. The EZ‐IO® device is easy to use and has a high insertion success rate. Therefore, the use of intraosseous vascular access (IOVA) has gradually increased.AimWe aim to determine how IOVA was integrated into management of vascular access during out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation.MethodsAnalysing the data from the OHCA French registry for events occurring between 1 January 2013 and 15 March 2021, we studied: demography, circumstances of occurrence and management including vascular access, delays and evolution. The primary outcome was the rate of IOVA implantation.ResultsAmong the 7156 OHCA included in the registry, we analysed the 3964 (55%) who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The vascular access was peripheral in 3122 (79%) cases, intraosseous in 775 (20%) cases and central in 12 (<1%) cases. The use of IOVA has increased linearly (R2 = 0.61) during the 33 successive trimesters studied representing 7% of all vascular access in 2013 and 33% in 2021 (p = 0.001). It was significantly more frequent in traumatic cardiac arrest: 12% versus 5%; p < 0.0001. The first epinephrine bolus occurred significantly later in the IOVA group, at 6 (4–10) versus 5 (3–8) min; p < 0.0001. Survival rate in the IOVA group was significantly lower, at 1% versus 7%; p < 0.0001.ConclusionThe insertion rate of IOVA significantly increased over the studied period, to reach 30% of all vascular access in the management OHCA patients. The place of the intraosseous route in the strategy of venous access during the management of prehospital cardiac arrest has yet to be determined.
From provider to partner? Main elements of the relationship between schools and small‐ and medium‐sized firms in vocational education work placements in the Basque and Navarre regions (Spain)
Authors: Lavía Cristina , Otero Beatriz , Olazaran Mikel , Albizu Eneka 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the relationship established between firms and vocational education and training (VET) schools around work placements in companies (both standard and extended, so‐called ‘dual’, models) in Spain. An ad hoc survey of 332 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from two industrial regions was conducted and a categorical principal components analysis was applied to identify the main dimensions or components of those relationships. The main elements found are related to (i) staff selection and social responsibility; (ii) trust, reciprocity and knowledge sharing with schools; and (iii) the organizational culture of the companies. The results obtained illustrate an evolution from a ‘provider‐client’ scheme towards a more strategic partnership between schools and firms, thus contributing new aspects to the literature available on the Spanish case.
NRP1 downregulation correlates with enhanced ILC2 responses during IL‐33 challenge
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Gaoyu , Wang Jianye , Zhou Pan , Zhang Lijuan , Liu Qiang , Zhou Jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGroup 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play critical roles in driving the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of ILC2s remain to be fully understood. Here, we identified neuropilin‐1 (NRP1) as a surface marker of ILC2s in response to IL‐33 stimulation. NRP1 was abundantly expressed in ILC2s from lung under steady state, which was significantly reduced upon IL‐33 stimulation. ILC2s with high expression of NRP1 (NRP1high) displayed lower response to IL‐33, as compared with NRP1low ILC2s. Transcriptional profiling and flow cytometric analysis showed that downregulation of AKT–mTOR signalling participated in the diminished functionality of NRP1high ILC2s. These observations revealed a potential role of NRP1 in ILC2s responses under allergic inflammatory condition.
The extension of social health protection to refugees
Authors: Ron Aviva , Nitzan Dorit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe target populations to be covered in this article on the extension of social protection coverage are refugees, as defined by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Our approach to their coverage is based on the pillars of public health and social protection, which together provide the rationale and legislative basis for coverage. The social protection benefits to be covered are comprehensive health services, providing entitlement to services without conditions such as prior contributions or duration of residence. Refugees are vulnerable since they come from conflict areas or go through persecution and personal threat. They carry grief from the loss of family members and friends, property and livelihood, and social and cultural support. Some have sustained injuries before rescue and evacuation and need additional care. They may have chronic diseases and need medications they can no longer access. Some may have communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis, and children may have missed scheduled mandatory vaccinations. Refugees are vulnerable to new and re‐emerging infections, as seen in the COVID–19 pandemic. While the focus in this article is on providing health care, the social determinants of health are addressed, including access to education, employment with decent working conditions, and safe environments. We focus on coverage by national authorities and institutions, legislative amendments to enable entitlement to non‐citizens, and provide national examples. Experience has shown that coverage is feasible with the assistance and guidance of international and local organizations and associations and with an acceptance by the existing social protection institutions of the benefits of extending coverage to new members. This article concurs with the principle and pledge of the 2030 Social Development Goals of the United Nations to “leave no one behind”.
A heuristic for the non‐unicost set covering problem using local branching
Authors: Beasley J.E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a heuristic for the non‐unicost set covering problem using local branching. Local branching eliminates the need to define a problem specific search neighbourhood for any particular (zero‐one) optimisation problem. It does this by incorporating a generalised Hamming distance neighbourhood into the problem, and this leads naturally to an appropriate neighbourhood search procedure. We apply our approach to the non‐unicost set covering problem. Computational results are presented for 65 test problems that have been widely considered in the literature. Our results indicate that our heuristic is better than six of the eight other heuristics we examined, slightly worse than that of one heuristic, but that there is a single heuristic that outperforms all others. We believe that the work described here illustrates that the potential for using local branching, operating as a stand‐alone matheuristic, has not been fully exploited in the literature.
The downside of blockholder exit threats: Increasing excess cash holdings
Authors: Chen Kejing , Li Xiaolin , Kang Yanling , Yang Mo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of blockholder exit threats on excess cash holdings following China's split‐share structural reform. Previous studies have confirmed the governance role of blockholder exit threats, but their effectiveness is limited to companies with greater private benefits. Using a sample of 2340 firm‐year observations of Chinese listed firms between 2002 and 2009, we find that the exit threat of blockholders increases the level of excess cash holdings. These results suggest that blockholders view exit threats as a means of collaborating with controlling shareholders to boost excess cash holdings and diversify corporate resources for private benefits. The collusion effect is more pronounced in firms with poorer investor protections, lower shareholding concentrations, and more severe agency conflicts. Additionally, in terms of economic consequences, blockholder exit threats decrease buy‐and‐hold abnormal returns and increase the occurrence of corporate scandals. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence of collusion among large shareholders, which harms small shareholders' interests from the perspective of excess cash holdings.
Orchestrating seed storage protein and starch accumulation toward overcoming yield–quality trade‐off in cereal crops
Authors: Cao Shuanghe , Liu Bingyan , Wang Daowen , Rasheed Awais , Xie Lina , Xia Xianchun , He Zhonghu 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTAchieving high yield and good quality in crops is essential for human food security and health. However, there is usually disharmony between yield and quality. Seed storage protein (SSP) and starch, the predominant components in cereal grains, determine yield and quality, and their coupled synthesis causes a yield–quality trade‐off. Therefore, dissection of the underlying regulatory mechanism facilitates simultaneous improvement of yield and quality. Here, we summarize current findings about the synergistic molecular machinery underpinning SSP and starch synthesis in the leading staple cereal crops, including maize, rice and wheat. We further evaluate the functional conservation and differentiation of key regulators and specify feasible research approaches to identify additional regulators and expand insights. We also present major strategies to leverage resultant information for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality by molecular breeding. Finally, future perspectives on major challenges are proposed.
A Python tool to determine the thickness of the hydrate layer around clinker grains using SEM‐BSE images
Authors: Kleiner Florian , Becker Franz , Rößler Christiane , Ludwig Horst‐Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo accurately simulate the hydration process of cementitious materials, understanding the growth rate of C‐S‐H layers around clinker grains is crucial. Nonetheless, the thickness of the hydrate layer shows substantial variation around individual grains, depending on their surrounding. Consequently, it is not feasible to measure hydrate layers manually in a reliable and reproducible manner. To address this challenge, a software has been developed to statistically determine the C‐S‐H thickness, requiring minimal manual interventions for thresholding and for setting limits like particle size or circularity.This study presents a tool, which automatically identifies suitable clinker grains and and perform statistical measurements of their hydrate layer up to a specimen age of 28 days. The findings reveal a significant increase in the C‐S‐H layer, starting from 0.45 after 1 day and reaching 3.04 after 28 days. However, for older specimens, the measurement of the C‐S‐H layer was not feasible due to limited pore space and clinker grains.
Skin homeostasis: Mechanism and influencing factors
Authors: Jiao Qian , Zhi Leilei , You Bing , Wang Gaixiang , Wu Nan , Jia Yan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe skin is the largest organ in the human body, not only resisting the invasion of harmful substances, but also preventing the loss of moisture and nutrients. Maintaining skin homeostasis is a prerequisite for the proper functioning of the body. Any damage to the skin can lead to a decrease in local homeostasis, such as ultraviolet radiation, seasonal changes, and air pollution, which can damage the skin tissue and affect the function of the skin barrier.ObjectiveThis article reviews the maintenance mechanism and influencing factors of skin homeostasis and the symptoms of homeostasis imbalance.MethodsWe searched for articles published between 1990 and 2022 in English and Chinese using PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and other databases in the subject area of dermatology, using the following search terms in various combinations: “skin homeostasis,” “skin barrier,” and “unstable skin.” Based on our results, we further refined our search criteria to include a series of common skin problems caused by the destruction of skin homeostasis and its treatments. Limitations include the lack of research on dermatological and cosmetic problems triggered by the disruption of skin homeostasis.ResultsThis study describes the neuroendocrine‐immune system, skin barrier structure, and skin metabolic system that maintain skin homeostasis. In addition, we discuss several common symptoms that occur when skin homeostasis is out of balance, such as dryness, redness, acne, sensitivity, and aging, and explain the mechanism of these symptoms.ConclusionThis article provides an update and review for students and practitioners, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of skin care products for the maintenance and repair of skin homeostasis.
Effect of different storage conditions on dimensional accuracy of 3D‐printed dental models
Authors: Alshaibani Raghdah M. , Fan Yuwei , Giordano Russell 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPurposeThe objective was to determine the accuracy of 3D‐printed dental models subjected to different storage conditions using six different material and printer combinations.Materials and MethodsThree completely dentate models were designed using dental CAD software (3Shape Dental System). A horseshoe‐shaped solid base with a posterior horizontal bar was used. The models were printed in a horizontal direction against the building platform without support. The models were printed using six printers with the corresponding recommended resin material: Carbon M2 (DPR10), HeyGears A2D4K (Model HP UV2.0), Stratasys J5 (MED610), Stratasys Origin One (DM200), Envision One (E‐Model LightDLP), and Asiga Pro4K (VeriModel) with a standard layer thickness of 50 μm. All printed models underwent scanning using a laboratory scanner (Sirona inEOS X5) after printing. Subsequently, the models were randomly assigned into three groups of storage conditions, LT: cold environment (4 ± 1°C), HT: hot and dry environment (50 ± 2°C), and RT: room temperature (25 ± 2°C) serving as the control. Each group was kept under the designated condition and was scanned at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks. The total number of models (N) was 72, with 6 printers producing 12 models per printer for 3 storage conditions, resulting in 4 models for each storage condition and each printer. The generated STL files were imported into a 3D inspection software for comparison with the original STL files. In‐tolerance percentage, the deviation RMS, trueness, and precision were obtained and analyzed with least square mean linear regression using JMP Pro 15 to identify the significant effects (α = 0.05).ResultsThe in‐tolerance percentage as‐printed was significantly different among different printers. Significant dimension deviations were observed after the first week of storage at HT and with subsequent weeks of storage. RT and LT did not show significant dimensional changes. Models printed with Carbon M2 showed the highest in‐tolerance percentages compared to the other printers.ConclusionsThe model deviations were affected by storage conditions and the printer used, with high‐temperature storage showed least stability compared to low and room temperatures. No significant difference was observed between low and room temperature storage conditions. The Carbon M2 printer showed the highest accuracy among all printers tested. The region had a significant effect on the deviation measured, with the abutment body showing the least deviation. Among the 3D printers evaluated, A2D4K by HeyGears and Carbon M2 printers demonstrated the highest accuracy in terms of both precision and trueness.
“You Will Not Surely Die”: The Pentecostal Aesthetics and Ethics of Serpent Handling
Authors: Kamenicky Michael Austin 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper is an aesthetic analysis of the practice of serpent handling by Christians in the Appalachian region of the United States. The purpose of this analysis is to understand serpent handling's aesthetic relationship to the Pentecostal tradition and exposit the implications of this relationship for the practice's legal status. The first section examines the history and defining characteristics of serpent handling and introduces the controversial problem of whether the practice can be categorized within the Pentecostal movement. The second section argues that serpent handling can be understood as belonging within the broader global Pentecostal tradition through engagement with the Pentecostal aesthetics of Nimi Wariboko. The final section concludes that if serpent handling is legible according to the aesthetic norms of Pentecostalism, a now broadly tolerated religious tradition in the United States, then this necessitates a wholesale reconsideration of antiserpent handling legislation.
Autoinducer‐2 produced by oral microbial flora and alveolar bone loss in periodontitis
Authors: Li Cheng , Zhou Hancheng , Gou Huiqing , Fan Zixin , Zhang Yifei , Tang Pengzhou , Huang Jiaxin , Xu Yan , Li Lu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the association between autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2) of oral microbial flora and the alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis to determine if AI‐2 may have the potential that monitor periodontitis and predict bone loss.BackgroundPlaque biofilm was the initiating factor of periodontitis and the essential factor of periodontal tissue destruction. The formation of biofilms depended on the complex regulation of the quorum sensing (QS) system, in which bacteria could sense changes in surrounding bacterial density by secreting the autoinducer (AI) to regulate the corresponding physiological function. Most oral bacteria also communicated with each other to form biofilms administrating the QS system, which implied that the QS system of periodontal pathogens was related to periodontitis, but the specific relationship was unknown.MethodWe collected the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples and measured the concentration of AI‐2 in samples using the Vibrio harveyi BB180 bioluminescent‐reporter system. To explore the interaction between AI‐2 and bone metabolism, we utilized AI‐2 purified from Fusobacterium nucleatum to investigate the impact of F. nucleatum AI‐2 on osteoclast differentiation. Moreover, we constructed murine periodontitis models and multi‐species biofilm models to study the association between AI‐2 and periodontal disease progression.ResultsThe AI‐2 concentration in GCF samples increased along with periodontal disease progression (p < .0001). F. nucleatum AI‐2 promoted osteoclast differentiation in a dose‐dependent manner. In the periodontitis mice model, the CEJ‐ABC distance in the F. nucleatum AI‐2 treatment group was higher than that in the simple ligation group (p < .01), and the maxilla of the mice in the group exhibited significantly lower BMD and BV/TV values (p < .05).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the AI‐2 concentration varied with the alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis, and it may have the potential for screening periodontitis. F. nucleatum AI‐2 promoted osteoclast differentiation in a dose‐dependent manner and aggravated bone loss.
Racial discrimination, knowledge, and health outcomes: The mediating role of hepatitis B‐related stigma among patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Katcher Julia G. , Klassen Ann C. , Hann Hie‐Won , Chang Mimi , Juon Hee‐Soon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is well described in current literature that Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects Asian Americans more than any other racial group in the United States and that there is a stigma attached to this condition. The effects of stigma can be lasting, penetrating physiologically and psychologically, yet few studies have focused on the consequences of this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of stigma in the effect of racial discrimination and knowledge (of HBV sequelae) on health status of Korean Americans with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Three hundred sixty‐five CHB patients were recruited and enrolled from two clinics in Philadelphia and Los Angeles. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Question‐9 (PHQ‐9), physical health via self‐rated health survey and stigma via hepatitis B quality of life (HBQOL)—stigma survey. Perceived racial discrimination and knowledge of CHB sequelae were independent variables. The cohort had an average age of 60.1 years (range 19–84, SD 10.7), 56% were male and 94% were born in South Korea. Mediational analysis found that stigma was a significant mediator between both racial discrimination (indirect effect = .037, Bootstrap 95% CI = [.010–.064]) and sequelae knowledge (indirect effect = .097, Bootstrap 95% CI = [.018–.176]) and depressive symptoms. Stigma also had a direct effect on depressive symptoms (β = .136, p < .01) and self‐rated health (β = .018, p < .05). In addition, age, gender, education and employment were related to health outcomes. The findings of this study indicate that HBV‐related stigma is an important mediator of mental health outcomes in this population. Future studies should identify other psychosocial factors to develop effective intervention programs to reduce stigma and improve quality of life among CHB patients.
Closing the productivity gap with the US: Causes and consequences of the productivity program in Western Europe
Authors: Giorcelli Michela 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper studies to what extent the transfer of US managerial technologies to Europe after World War II contributed to closing the gap with US businesses. Between 1952 and 1958, the US government sponsored the Productivity Program, which promoted management training trips for European managers at US firms. Through the analysis of reports compiled by UK, France, Germany, and Italian participating firms, I first document that these companies claimed between 5% and 10% yearly productivity increase thanks to the program. The fact that European businesses were not forced to adopt the American management model, but could adapt it to their firm needs and existing business practices was a key aspect of the program's success. Second, using data on US and Italian participating firms' performance I show that Italian firms grew on average 7.8 percent faster than that of US companies in the 10 years after the start of the program. Moreover, the distribution of productivity of Italian and US firms became more similar over years, confirming a performance convergence between these companies.