bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culture media conditioned by heat‐shocked osteoblasts enhances the osteogenesis of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Ye Chao Peng , Heng Boon Chin , Liu Hua , Toh Wei Seong , Cao Tong 
Published: August 2006

AbstractOsteogenic cells differentiated from bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) hold much promise in bone tissue engineering and reconstructive surgery. There is a dire need for well‐defined and efficient protocols to promote the osteogenesis of ex vivo cultured MSC. Hence, this study investigated whether a combination of chemical stimuli (ascorbic acid, beta‐glycerophosphate and dexamethasone) and culture media conditioned by a human foetal osteoblast cell line (hFOB) had any synergistic effect on the osteogenesis of MSC. Conditioned media with or without prior heat shock treatment (42°C for 1 h) of the hFOB cell line, were collected and tested on rabbit MSC cultures, in the presence and absence of chemical stimuli. Osteogenic differentiation of MSC was assessed on both day 14 and 21 of ex vivo culture. The results showed conclusively that conditioned media promoted osteogenesis of MSC, which was further enhanced by prior heat shock‐treatment of the hFOB cells, as well as by the presence of chemical stimuli. Among all experimental groups, the combination of culture medium conditioned by heat shocked hFOB cells together with chemical stimuli, exhibited the highest level of calcium mineralization, as assessed by Von Kossa staining. This provides clear evidence of a synergistic effect of conditioned media, heat shock and chemical stimuli. It is hoped that the data may contribute to the development of a more well‐defined and efficient in vitro culture protocol to promote the osteogenesis of MSC for both clinical and non‐clinical applications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of vitamin K1 supplementation on vascular responsiveness and oxidative stress in a rat femoral osteotomy model
Authors: Tasatargil Arda , Cadir Bilge , Dalaklioglu Selvinaz , Yurdakonar Ebru , Caglar Serkan , Turkay Cengiz 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe main function of vitamin K1 is to act a co‐factor for gamma‐glutamyl carboxylase. However, it has also been shown to lessen oxidative stress. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin K1 supplementation on vascular responsiveness and oxidative status in rats that underwent femoral osteotomy. Twenty‐four male rats were divided into three groups to serve as sham, osteotomy and vitamin K1 groups. Indices of oxidative stress (catalase), and oxidative damage (malondialdehyde) were analysed in erythrocytes. In order to evaluate vascular reactivity, concentration‐response curves to phenylephrine, angiotensin II, 5‐hydroxytryptamine, bradykinin and histamine were constructed. The findings of this study clearly show that oxidative stress clearly increases after femoral osteotomy in rats. Also, this operation causes a significant depression in vascular responsiveness to contracting agents and endothelium‐dependent vasodilators. However, vitamin K1 supplementation prevents vascular hyporeactivity by reducing oxidative stress and may represent a novel approach during osteotomy healing. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypolipidemic effect and antioxidant activity of glycoprotein isolated from Ulmus davidiana Nakai in Triton WR‐1339‐treated mouse
Authors: Ko Jeong‐Hyeon , Lee Sei‐Jung , Lim Kye‐Taek 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe glycoprotein isolated from Ulmus davidiana Nakai (UDN) (UDN glycoprotein) has a molecular weight of 116 kDa and consists of 78.65% carbohydrate content and 21.35% protein content. In the present study, we investigated the hypolipidemic effect of UDN glycoprotein on Triton WR‐1339‐induced mice. With pretreatment with UDN glycoprotein, the triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) concentrations were significantly reduced, whereas high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) concentration was increased in the plasma of Triton WR‐1339‐induced mice. With respect to antioxidative activity, UDN glycoprotein significantly decreased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and improved activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), without an apparent change of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Also UDN glycoprotein significantly increased nitric oxide (NO) production in Triton WR‐1339‐induced mice. These results indicate that UDN glycoprotein has a hypolipidemic effect, possesses antioxidant activity and has an ability to stimulate NO production. Thus, we speculate that UDN glycoprotein is an example of natural compound that lowers plasma lipid level together with having an antioxidant function in Triton WR‐1339‐induced mice. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of tripterine on mRNA expression of TGF‐β1 and collagen IV expression in BW F1 mice
Authors: Xu Xunhui , Zhong Jian , Wu Zhaolong , Fang Yi , Xu Chen 
Published: August 2006

AbstractTripterine is a chemical isolated from a traditional Chinese herb which had been testified for its anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities in a previous study. However, little is known about the effects and mechanism of action of Tripterine on treating lupus nephritis. In the present study we investigated the effect of Tripterine on the F1 hybrids of New Zealand Black (NZB) and New Zealand White (NZW) mice which functioned as a model of human systemic lupus erythematosus (BW F1 mice) and evaluated the possible mechanism implicated in the mRNA expression of TGF‐β1 and collagen IV expression of the BW F1 mice kidney tissue. Different doses of Tripterine were injected peritoneally to BW F1 mice at different stages to study the preventive effects of Tripterine on lupus nephritis glomerulosclerosis and its mechanisms. Twenty‐four hour urine protein excretion, serum anti‐dsDNA antibodies and the expression of collagen type IV were examined by immunohistochemistry while the expression of TGF‐β1 mRNA was detected by RT nested PCR. Tripterine decreased urine protein excretion and the level of serum anti‐dsDNA antibodies and also suppressed the expression of collagen type IV and TGF‐β1 mRNA in the murine kidney tissue. Administration of Tripterine before the occurrence of proteinuria had much greater protective effects than if it was administered after the occurrence of proteinuria. No significant difference was found between the 3 mg/kg/week Tripterine‐treated‐group and the 6 mg/kg/week Tripterine‐treated‐group. Tripterine had a definite protective effect on glomerulosclerosis of the lupus murine model. Tripterine could significantly reduce the amount of urine protein excretion, suppress the formation of serum anti‐dsDNA antibodies, it could also efficiently decrease the expression of renal collagen type IV probably due to its suppressive effect on the expressions of local TGF‐(1 mRNA) in this model. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glutathione S‐transferase gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yalin Serap , Hatungil Rezan , Tamer Lulufer , Ates Nurcan Aras , Dogruer Nil , Yildirim Hatice , Karakas Sevim , Atik Ugur 
Published: August 2006

AbstractGlutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) are enzymes involved in the metabolism of many disease‐causing electrophilic substrates and protect the cells against oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated the GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms in diabetic patients and healthy individuals and searched whether polymorphisms in GST genes are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Turkish population. The study population consisted of 98 unrelated healthy individuals and 98 patients with DM. Genotyping of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genes was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction with a Light Cycler instrument. Patients had a higher frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype than the control group (Odds ratios, OR = 3.7; 95% confidence intervals, CI = 2.05–6.70). However, there was no significant difference in the frequencies of the GSTT1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms between the patients and control group. The combined analysis of these three GST genotypes showed a further DM risk increase (OR = 5.7, 95% CI = 1.51–31.07). This is the first study to determine the association of diabetes with GST gene polymorphism in the Turkish population. These results show that GSTM1 null genotype may play a significant role in the aetiopathogeneses of DM and the GSTM1 gene may be a useful marker in the prediction of DM susceptibility of the Turkish population. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Distinct effects of atypical 1,4‐dihydropyridines on 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium‐induced toxicity
Authors: Klimaviciusa Linda , Klusa Vija , Duburs Gunars , Kaasik Allen , Kalda Anti , Zharkovsky Alexander 
Published: August 2006

AbstractOur previous data obtained from in vivo experiments demonstrated high neuroprotective effects of three novel atypical neuronal non‐calcium antagonistic 1,4‐dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives cerebrocrast, glutapyrone and tauropyrone. The present studies were carried out in vitro to clarify, at least in part, their mechanism of action in primary culture of cerebellar granule cells by use of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+) as a neurotoxic agent which causes dramatic oxidative stress. Cerebrocrast (highly lipophilic, with a classical two‐ring structure) dose‐dependently (0.01–10.0 µM, EC50 = 13 nM) reduced MPP+‐induced cell death. At the same time, the calcium antagonist nimodipine (reference drug) protected cell death at much higher concentrations (EC50 = 12.4 µM). Cerebrocrast decreased also the generation of reactive oxygen species and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. In contrast, low lipophilic amino acid‐containing DHPs glutapyrone and tauropyrone (glutamate‐ and taurine‐containing, correspondingly) were without significant effects indicating their distinct mode of action in comparison to cerebrocrast. We have demonstrated for the first time an ability of atypical non‐calcium antagonistic DHP cerebrocrast (which has classical DHP structure elements and high lipophilicity) to protect MPP+‐induced deterioration of mitochondrial bioenergetics. One may suggest mitochondria as an essential intracellular target for the neuroprotective action of cerebrocrast and indicate its usefulness in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of iron transport proteins divalent metal transporter‐1, Ferroportin‐1, HFE and transferrin receptor‐1 in human monocyte‐derived dendritic cells
Authors: Brinkmann Martin , Teuffel Regina , Laham Nihay , Ehrlich Rachel , Decker Patrice , Lemonnier Francois A. , Pascolo Steve 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIron is essential for cell survival and regulates many cell functions. In the context of the immune response, iron‐related metabolism is tightly controlled in activated lymphocytes as well as in cells of the innate immunity. More precisely, for dendritic cells (DCs), which are the key cell type in the development of a specific immune response, the importance of iron absorption was recently unravelled by showing that depletion of iron inhibits the maturation of DCs. On this basis, we studied in detail the expression of iron transport proteins and HFE in DCs. We found that iron uptake in this cell type is mediated by divalent‐metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and transferrin receptor‐1 (TfR) whereas Ferroportin‐1 is very weakly expressed. HFE that regulates TfR's activity is also detected at the mRNA level. The expression of DMT1 and HFE barely varies upon endotoxin‐induced maturation but TfR is up‐regulated and the iron export molecule Ferroportin‐1 is down‐regulated. As opposed to MHC class II molecules, the intracellular localization of TfR is not changed during maturation. Our results indicate that the uptake of iron during DCs development and maturation is mediated by a strong expression of iron‐uptake molecules such as DMT1 and TfR as well as a down‐regulation of iron export molecules such as Ferroportin‐1. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hypnotic imagery as an adjunct to therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: an experimental case report
Authors: Walters Valerie J. , Oakley David A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating condition affecting between 14 and 25% of the general population. Medication has been reported to be of limited efficacy. However, there is increasing evidence suggesting that hypnotic imagery can be an effective adjunct to therapy for this problem. The present experimental single case study aims to illustrate the process of psychological treatment of IBS with the adjunct of hypnosis and to explore the effectiveness of particular interventions. Over 10 sessions of treatment an overall reduction of 64% was seen in primary IBS symptoms. At 9‐months follow‐up this had improved further to a 72% reduction in primary symptoms and lower anxiety levels. The marked improvement seen with this client is consistent with the view that hypnosis is an effective adjunct to IBS treatments. Copyright © 2006 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Multichromophore Approach: Prolonged Room‐Temperature Luminescence Lifetimes in RuII Complexes Based on Tridentate Polypyridine Ligands
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Fang Yuan‐Qing , Bourget‐Merle Laurence , Polson Matthew I. J. , Hanan Garry S. , Juris Alberto , Loiseau Frédérique , Campagna Sebastiano 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA new family of ruthenium(II) complexes with multichromophoric properties was prepared based on a “chemistry‐on‐the‐complex” synthetic approach. The new compounds are based on tridentate chelating sites (tpy‐type ligands, tpy=2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) and most of them carry appended anthryl chromophores. Complexes 2 a and 2 b were synthesized through the Pd‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction between 9‐anthrylboronic acid and the chloro ligands on the presursor species 1 a and 1 b, respectively. The monocoupling product 2 c was also synthesized as the starting complex for a dimetallic complex under optimized Suzuki coupling conditions. The palladium(0)‐catalyzed homocoupling reaction on complexes 1 a and 2 c led to dimetallic RuII species 2 d and 2 e, respectively. The solid structures of complexes 2 a and 2 b were characterized by X‐ray diffraction. The absorption spectra, redox behavior, luminescence properties (both at room temperature and at 77 K), and transient absorption spectra and decays of 2 a–e were investigated. The absorption spectra of all new species are dominated by ligand‐centered (LC) bands in the UV region and metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) bands in the visible region. The new compounds undergo reversible metal‐centered oxidation processes and several ligand‐centered reduction processes, which have been assigned to specific sites. The complexes exhibit luminescence both at room temperature in fluid solution and at 77 K in rigid matrices; the emission was attributed to 3MLCT states at room temperature and to the lowest‐lying anthracene triplet (3An) at low temperature, except for 2 c, which does not contain any anthryl chromophore and whose low temperature emission is also of MLCT origin. The luminescence lifetimes of complexes 2 a–d showed that multichromophoric behavior occurs in these species, allowing the luminescence lifetime of the RuII‐based chromophores to be prolonged to the microsecond timescale, with the anthryl groups behaving as energy‐storage elements for the repopulation of the 3MLCT state. Nanosecond transient‐absorption spectroscopy confirmed the equilibration process between the triplet MLCT and An levels at room temperature. Thermodynamic and kinetic factors governing the equilibration time and the lifetime of the equilibrated excited state are discussed.
Organic Reaction Pathways in the Nonaqueous Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Niederberger Markus , Garnweitner Georg 
Published: August 2006

AbstractNonaqueous‐solution routes to metal oxide nanoparticles are a valuable alternative to the known aqueous sol–gel processes, offering advantages such as high crystallinity at low temperatures, robust synthesis parameters and ability to control the crystal growth without the use of surfactants. In the first part of the review we give a detailed overview of the various solution routes to metal oxides in organic solvents, with a strong focus on surfactant‐free processes. In most of these synthesis approaches, the organic solvent plays the role of the reactant that provides the oxygen for the metal oxide, controls the crystal growth, influences particle shape, and, in some cases, also determines the assembly behavior. We have a closer look at the following reaction systems in this order: 1) metal halides in alcohols, 2) metal alkoxides, acetates, and acetylacetonates in alcohols, 3) metal alkoxides in ketones, and 4) metal acetylacetonates in benzylamine. All these systems offer some peculiarities with respect to each other, providing many possibilities to control and tailor the particle size and shape, as well as the surface and assembly properties. In the second part we present general mechanistic principles for aqueous and nonaqueous sol–gel processes, followed by the discussion of reaction pathways relevant for nanoparticle formation in organic solvents. Depending on the system several mechanisms have been postulated: 1) alkyl halide elimination, 2) elimination of organic ethers, 3) ester elimination, 4) CC bond formation between benzylic alcohols and alkoxides, 5) ketimine and aldol‐like condensation reactions, 6) oxidation of metal nanoparticles, and 7) thermal decomposition methods.
Computational Modeling of Polyoxotungstates by Relativistic DFT Calculations of 183W NMR Chemical Shifts
Authors: Bagno Alessandro , Bonchio Marcella , Autschbach Jochen 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe 183W nuclear shielding in a variety of tungsten polyoxometalates (POM) (Lindqvist, Anderson, decatungstates, Keggin) of different shapes and charges has been modeled by DFT calculations that take into account relativistic effects, by means of the zero‐order regular approximation (ZORA), and solvent effects, by the conductor‐like screening model (COSMO) continuum method. The charge/surface area ratio (q/A) is proposed as an indicator of the charge density to which the solvation energies of all POMs are correlated in a satisfactory way. Among the various theoretical levels tested (ZORA scalar or spin‐orbit, frozen‐core or all‐electron basis set, geometry optimization in the gas phase or in the continuum solvent, etc.), the best results are obtained when both geometry optimization in solvent and spin‐orbit shielding are included (mean absolute error of δ=35 ppm). The quality of the computed chemical shifts depends systematically on the charge density as expressed by q/A; thus, POMs with low q/A ratios display the best agreement with experimental data. The performance of the method is such that computed values can aid the assignment of the 183W NMR spectra of polyoxotungstates, as shown by the case of α‐[PW11TiO40]5−, whose six signals are ranked computationally so as to almost reproduce the experimental ordering even though the signals are spaced by as little as 5 ppm.
Synthetic Studies towards Pentacyclic Quassinoids: Total Synthesis of Unnatural (−)‐14‐epi‐Samaderine E and Natural (−)‐Samaderine Y from (S)‐(+)‐Carvone
Authors: Shing Tony K. M. , Yeung Ying‐Yeung 
Published: August 2006

AbstractFirst total syntheses of unnatural (−)‐14‐epi‐samaderine E (5) and natural (−)‐samaderine Y (2) were accomplished from (S)‐(+)‐carvone (6) in 18 and 21 steps, respectively. The syntheses are short, efficient (with an average yield of 80 % plus for each transformation), enantiospecific, and produce nine new chiral centers. The crucial points of the syntheses included a regioselective allylic oxidation on ring C, regio‐ and stereoselective reduction of ketone, a stereocontrolled epoxidation, an epoxymethano‐bridge formation, a chemoselective Grignard reaction, an intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction, an intramolecular aldol addition, and a newly developed manganese(III)‐catalyzed allylic oxidation on ring A.
Synthetic Studies of Neoclerodane Diterpenes from Salvia divinorum: Selective Modification of the Furan Ring.
Authors: Harding Wayne W. , Schmidt Matthew , Tidgewell Kevin , Kannan Pavitra , Holden Kenneth G. , Dersch Christina M. , Rothman Richard B. , Prisinzano Thomas E. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Transformation of 20‐Hydroxyecdysone to Inokosterone (III)
Authors: Savchenko Rimma G. , Shafikov Ruslan V. , Afonkina Svetlana R. , Odinokov Viktor N. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of β2‐Amino Acid by Homologation of α‐Amino Acids Involving the Reformatsky Reaction and Mannich‐Type Imminium Electrophile.
Authors: Moumne Roba , Lavielle Solange , Karoyan Philippe 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric, anti‐Selective Scandium‐Catalyzed Sakurai Additions to Glyoxyamide. Applications to the Syntheses of N‐Boc D‐Alloisoleucine and D‐Isoleucine.
Authors: Evans David A. , Aye Yimon , Wu Jimmy 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
De Novo Synthesis of Sugar‐Aza‐Crown Ethers via a Domino Staudinger Aza‐Wittig Reaction.
Authors: Menand Mickael , Blais Jean‐Claude , Valery Jean‐Marc , Xie Juan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Palladium‐Catalyzed Preparation of Condensed Tetracyclic Heterocycles and Their Application to the Synthesis of rac‐Mangochinine (I).
Authors: Vincze Zoltan , Biro A. Beatrix , Csekei Marton , Timari Geza , Kotschy Andras 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Galanthamine (I).
Authors: Hu Xiang‐Dong , Tu Yong Qiang , Zhang En , Gao Shuanhu , Wang Shaohua , Wang Aixia , Fan Chun‐An , Wang Min 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Explorations on the Total Synthesis of the Unusual Marine Alkaloid Chartelline A (I).
Authors: Sun Cuixiang , Lin Xichen , Weinreb Steven M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Base and Side‐Chain Modified Pyrimidine 1‐[2‐(Phosphonomethoxy)propyl] Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Thymidine Phosphorylase (PD‐ECGF) from SD‐Lymphoma.
Authors: Pomeisl Karel , Votruba Ivan , Holy Antonin , Pohl Radek 
Published: August 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.