bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing next generation Portuguese academic network
Authors: Friaças Carlos , Massano Emanuel , Domingues Mónica , Veiga Pedro 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to provide several viewpoints about monitoring aspects related to recent deployments of a new technology (IPv6).Design/methodology/approachSeveral views and domains were used, with a common point: the Portuguese research and education network (RCTS).FindingsA significant amount of work is yet to be done, in order to mature the deployment of this new internet technology.Research limitations/implicationsThe equipment whence the data were collected still has some limitations regarding the new technology. Future datasets may benefit from wider deployments.Practical implicationsThe work also demonstrates that IPv6 deployment is in its early stages, which is negative, given the projected dates for IPv4 exhaustion.Originality/valueThe findings and the work described will be useful for people trying to deploy IPv6 networks in the short or medium timeframe.
Large‐scale networked virtual environments: architecture and applications
Authors: Lamotte Wim , Quax Peter , Flerackers Eddy 
Published: November 2008

PurposeScalability is an important research topic in the context of networked virtual environments (NVEs). This paper aims to describe the ALVIC (Architecture for Large‐scale Virtual Interactive Communities) approach to NVE scalability.Design/methodology/approachThe setup and results from two case studies are shown: a 3‐D learning environment through which long‐term sick children can stay in close contact with their school environment; and a 3‐D mobile city guide, in which city inhabitants and visitors can form a virtual community in which they share information and communicate with each other.FindingsThese case studies clearly demonstrate the applicability of the ALVIC architecture. In order to be able to create even larger NVEs, a next‐generation client‐server NVE architecture is proposed: ALVIC‐NG, which employs proxy servers and logic servers in order to balance the server load.Research limitations/implicationsFurther scalability tests need to be performed to evaluate this new architecture. ALVIC‐NG will also be the basis for a new case study, in which large 3‐D city datasets will be used.Originality/valueThe results provide insight in scalability issues to those who need to deploy very large‐scale networked virtual environments.
EFDA‐fed: European federation among fusion energy research laboratories
Authors: Castro R. , Vega J. , Portas A. , Pereira A. , Balme S. , Duarte A. , Fernandes H. , Kadlecsik J. , Lebourg P. , Neto A. , Oliveira F. , Purahoo K. , Reis F. , Rodriguez C. , Signoret J. , Theis J.M. , Thomsen K. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThe fusion energy research in Europe is developed by a set of laboratories of different countries and organisations. EFDA is an organisation whose main objective is to promote and improve the coordination and collaboration among these laboratories. This paper sets out to describe a working federation (EFDA‐Fed) that gathers EFDA (as organisation) and a set of fusion research laboratories: EURATOM/CIEMAT (Spain), CEA (France), JET (UK), IST (Portugal) and KFKI/HAS (Hungary).Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the objective a federation among all the organisations has been implemented based on PAPI as the authentication and authorization infrastructure that provides a security layer for accessing data among organisations.FindingsDuring the implementation of EFDA federation some improvements in distributed single sign on systems have been achieved such as the integration of JAVA applications and a single sign off mechanism.Practical implicationsUsers who belong to one of the federated organisations will be able to access from any IP address to resources located in any organisation of the federation in a secure way. On the other hand, new resources can be shared for federated users and access policies to these services can be implemented.Originality/valueThe paper describes a successful use of an open source technology (PAPI) for implementing a real multi‐organisation infrastructure for sharing services in a secure way, and integrating client applications and with a complete single sign off mechanism.
Utilising eduroamTM architecture in building wireless community networks
Authors: Huhtanen Karri , Vatiainen Heikki , Keski‐Kasari Sami , Harju Jarmo 
Published: November 2008

Purposeeduroam™ has already been proved to be a scalable, secure and feasible way for universities and research institutions to connect their wireless networks into a WLAN roaming community, but the advantages of eduroam™ have not yet been fully discovered in the wireless community networks aimed at regular consumers. This aim of this paper is to describe how eduroam™ architecture and technologies can be utilised in building these kinds of wireless community networks and to present the experiences gathered in building the Wireless Tampere community network.Design/methodology/approachThe eduroam™ architecture and technologies were chosen as the basis of Wireless Tampere community network architecture because of their scalability and security. Deploying eduroam™ technologies and architecture to a wider user base both confirmed old and revealed new issues and solutions in improving the usability and the deployment effort of eduroam™ and similar technologies.FindingsThe eduroam™ technology and architecture can be utilised to build wireless community networks, but additional effort must be allocated in improving the usability and the ease of deployment when consumers, company and other regular users are involved. The improvements achieved would not have been developed if the concept and architecture had not been exposed to consumer and company users. The development of both the eduroam™ and Wireless Tampere concept requires deploying them to a wider audience and improving them iteratively utilising the existing solutions as the basis for new improvements.Originality/valueThe paper presents the issues and problems, which were confronted when applying eduroam™ technologies in building the Wireless Tampere community network. The solutions found and deployment experiences presented can be utilised in improving eduroam™ as well as a basis for developing new, open and inter‐connected wireless community networks.
Information systems and ecological sustainability
Authors: Chen Adela J.W. , Boudreau Marie‐Claude , Watson Richard T. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThere is a growing awareness by researchers and practitioners of organizations' ecological responsibilities. Past research in management suggests that it is important to develop ecological sustainability, a long‐missing piece of the sustainability puzzle, together with economic sustainability and social sustainability. However, little research has been conducted to explore how information systems (IS), as one of the defining technologies in human society, can help organizations develop ecological sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a conceptual model and propositions with regard to the roles of IS in the pursuit of ecological sustainability.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on how organizations are motivated to act in the same legitimate way (i.e. eco‐friendly way) and proposes institutional theory as a lens to better understand how IS can be leveraged to achieve the three milestones of ecological sustainability, i.e. eco‐efficiency, eco‐equity and eco‐effectiveness.FindingsThe model advocates that under different institutional pressures, IS can be leveraged to achieve eco‐efficiency, eco‐equity and eco‐effectiveness through automating, informating (up and down) and transforming organizations, respectively. Research limitations/implications – The paper calls for the incorporation of the dimension of natural environment into our framework for future investigation of the IS roles in organizations.Practical implicationsThe paper highlights the importance for practitioners to understand the environmental impact of the IS that they design or use, and the roles that IS can play in facilitating the large‐scale learning about ecological sustainability.Originality/valueThe implications of this research for both practice and academia are discussed, with a brief outlook towards future research.
Citizen attitudes toward the police in Canada
Authors: O'Connor Christopher D. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeCitizens' opinions of the police are important indicators of how well the police are performing their duties and can help to shape police practice as well as public policy. However, little research exists in Canada on people's opinions of the police. This paper aims to provide a more robust understanding of citizen attitudes toward the police in Canada by examining a variety of factors that have been deemed important in shaping people's attitudes in other countries (predominantly from research conducted in the USA).Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilizes path analysis to decompose and better understand the relationships between sociodemographic/non‐sociodemographic variables and attitudes toward the police. Data were drawn from the 1999 General Social Survey conducted by Statistics Canada. A random sample of Canadians was surveyed regarding victimization, personal safety and attitudes toward the criminal justice system.FindingsSeveral distinct groups of people (i.e. young people, visible minorities, males, those who have experienced criminal victimization, those dissatisfied with their safety and those who perceive their neighborhoods as being high in crime) emerged as having negative views toward the police, which is consistent with much of the research conducted in the USA.Originality/valuePolice practice should more closely resemble the principles inherent in community policing if certain groups' negative views of the police are to be improved. This can be partly accomplished by the police being more inclusive of diverse opinions in the community and actively seeking out this opinion in order to better inform policing practices and strategies.
Chinese immigrants' perceptions of the police in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Chu Doris C. , Huey‐Long Song John 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess empirically Chinese immigrants' perceptions of the police in Toronto, Canada.Design/methodology/approachData were analyzed based on 293 surveys conducted with Chinese immigrants who participated in various community service organizations in Toronto, Canada, between March and May 2005. Ordinary least squares and ordered logit regressions are used for the analysis.FindingsThe paper shows that individuals who had previous contact with police rated police less favorably than those who had not had contact with police in the past. In general, people who rated police as helpful when they called them for assistance expressed a higher degree of respect for police. In addition, poor communication was a significant predictor of Chinese immigrants' perception of police prejudice. Finally, a majority of respondents expressed the concern that more bilingual police were needed in the city.Research limitations/implicationsAs with any study utilizing a non‐probability sample, care must be taken to avoid generalizing the findings to all Chinese immigrants in Toronto. Since the sample was taken from participants of various community service organizations in Toronto, the findings may not be appropriate to generalize to the other constituencies in the Chinese community, such as young people.Practical implicationsThe paper highlights the need for improving the quality of police services, recruiting more bilingual officers (or officers from their communities), strengthening police training in racial and cultural diversity, and reducing communication barriers to improve Chinese immigrants' evaluations of the police.Originality/valueThis research is the first to specifically examine Chinese communities' perceptions of law enforcement in Canada. Law enforcement can utilize these findings to improve their services and address the Chinese community's concerns; not only can this promote the police‐citizens relationship, but it can also encourage the Chinese community's participation in a crime reduction partnership.
Harnessing the crime control capacities of third parties
Authors: Cherney Adrian 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the strategy of police harnessing the crime control capacities of third parties and to relate this to problem‐oriented policing.Design/methodology/approachHarnessing the crime control capacities of third parties requires police to act as effective brokers of public safety by improving the spheres of influence that third parties assert over relevant locations, systems or conditions that facilitate crime. This process is often termed redistribution, leveraging or third‐party policing. Research from the fields of illicit synthetic drug control and regulation is reviewed to highlight a number of key implementation issues.FindingsThe term “harnessing capacity” provides a strong conceptual basis by which to analyse police efforts to facilitate the co‐production of public safety, with terms such as third‐party policing being conceptually imprecise. To effectively engage third parties in crime prevention police need to use a range of compliance‐seeking mechanisms. In harnessing the crime control capacity of third parties police need to consider a range of issues: existing deficits in capacity, competency to act against crime, existing incentives to act, and the costs of co‐production.Practical implicationsRelevant implementation challenges are canvassed, as well as issues relating to third parties bearing the costs in return for co‐producing crime prevention.Originality/valueThe paper further expands theory and practical implications related to police harnessing the crime prevention potential of third parties.
A neighborhood‐level analysis of concealed hand‐gun permits
Authors: Gau Jacinta M. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThe purpose of the present analysis is to test the relative impact of trust in police, social cohesion, and fear of crime on neighborhood‐level rates of concealed pistol license (CPL) holding. The dynamics of both formal and informal social control are hypothesized to affect neighborhood CPL concentrations.Design/methodology/approachData were neighborhood‐level and came from a city survey and the state Department of Licensing. A path model was estimated.FindingsPolice service level had a negative indirect effect on neighborhood CPL concentrations through fear of crime, but had a strong positive direct effect. Social cohesion also had a strong positive direct effect on CPL rates.Research limitations/implicationsThe study suggests that lawful concealed hand‐gun carrying should be viewed as a way in which neighborhoods exercise informal social control. People in socially cohesive areas may carry concealed hand‐guns not only because they fear for their own safety, but also because they feel a sense of responsibility to their fellow neighborhood residents.Practical implicationsPolice who encourage citizens to engage in private forms of self‐protection should be aware that citizens in cohesive areas may choose to do this via hand‐gun carrying. Police should be sure that citizens in these neighborhoods have ready access to safety training and devices. Most importantly, police should emphasize to citizens in these areas that hand‐gun carrying has not been shown conclusively to reduce crime, and that there are other private crime‐prevention techniques that carry more promise of keeping communities safer from crime.Originality/valueThere are few studies attempting to determine the precursors to concealed hand‐gun carrying. The paper seeks a better understanding of the reasons why some neighborhoods evince higher levels of CPLs than others. Additionally, most prior studies have used suboptimal levels of aggregation. The study uses neighborhood‐level data, which allows for an examination of ecological phenomena without the confounding effects of between‐jurisdiction heterogeneity that a higher level of aggregation would produce.
Determinants of job satisfaction among South Korean police officers
Authors: Hwang EuiGab 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare the job satisfaction of police officers in metropolitan cities with that of officers in smaller areas in a rapidly developing nation. It also assesses the difference in the factors that affect the job satisfaction of officers in metropolitan cities and smaller areas.Design/methodology/approachThe research used survey data collected from 1,500 police officers throughout South Korea. Ordinal logistic (ordered logit) regression was the main method of analysis considering the ordinal response in the dependent variable.FindingsThe findings revealed no difference in job satisfaction between officers in metropolitan cities and those in smaller cities and rural areas, but certain factors, especially length of service and rank, negatively affected officers' job satisfaction in metropolitan cities; this was not the case in smaller cities and rural areas.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough findings from police survey data of a non‐random sample of officers should be generalized with caution, the findings provide police administrators with some evidence that certain factors are necessary to minimize the likelihood of job dissatisfaction among senior and supervisory officers in metropolitan cities.Originality/valueFew researchers have compared the level of and predictors of officers' job satisfaction in large and small cities, especially in non‐Western contexts. The study intends to fill this void.
Impact of workplace connectivity on office productivity
Authors: Haynes Barry P. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThis paper aims to establish if office occupiers, who adopt different work patterns, can be segmented based on differences of perceived productivity with regards to the physical environment and the behavioural environment.Design/methodology/approachComponents of office productivity were used in an office productivity model with categorical data enabling a unique opportunity to undertake an analysis of office occupiers by work process type.FindingsThe four distinct evaluative components used were comfort, office layout, interaction and distraction. The components were subsequently used for more detailed statistical analysis. This study establishes that statistical differences exist between the work styles under investigation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research establishes that to truly appreciate office productivity there is a need to further understand the way that people work in offices and their specific requirements. The matching of office occupier need with space provision can only be achieved if the office occupier is involved in the creation of the office solution.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates that there is a need to consider how the office environment matches the work patterns of the office occupiers. This understanding of how the office works could be considered as establishing the office landscape or “officescape”.
Getting our priorities in order: are our service values in line with the communities we serve?
Authors: Duffy Jocelyn S. , Jaggars Damon E. , Smith Shanna E. 
Published: November 2008

PurposeLibQUAL+® allows users to rate their minimum, perceived, and desired levels of service for 22 items in three dimensions: information control, library as place, and service affect. Using the results from the 2005 survey at the University of Texas at Austin, this paper aims to examine how well the service priorities of library staff are aligned with the priorities of undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty.Design/methodology/approachThe paper has re‐scaled the “desired” score for each item to reflect the degree to which the item is above or below the average desired level for that individual. The rescaled scores (termed “priority” scores) for the 22 items were then compared between the four groups using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).FindingsPreliminary results indicate that service priorities for library staff align more closely with those of undergraduates than with those of graduate students and faculty.Practical implicationsThis analysis is a first step in identifying service priority gaps between library staff and the users they serve. The intention is to promote discussion among library staff about users' needs and how closely staff service priorities align with those needs. In addition, the findings may prove useful as management information by allowing the analysis of users' service priorities and integrating the results of this analysis into organizational decision making and planning processes.Originality/valueThis paper describes a development of LibQUAL+® that enables a greater depth of understanding of service priorities.
Library assessment on a budget
Authors: Ackermann Eric 
Published: November 2008

PurposeColleges and universities conduct regular surveys that provide space for local questions, including library‐related items. Unfortunately these surveys often use incomparable metrics and scales. This study seeks to examine techniques to take advantage of such surveys to supply practical results.Design/methodology/approachEffect size meta‐analysis is a statistical method used to combine such disparate results. This method and other statistical tools were used to extract significant findings from the survey results, looking at such library constructs as physical access, analysis (the ability to determine information quality and relevance), collection quality and quantity, retrieval, hours and staff.FindingsThe paper describes the meta‐analysis of three separate surveys which contained library‐related data responses, and conclusions subsequently drawn from that analysis.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper assumes that the reader possesses some understanding of basic statistical concepts, such as means, variance, standardized scores, and null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). It assumes a “good‐enough” approach to library assessment, one that strives for the greatest possible statistical accuracy, reliability, and validity given the time and resource limitations within which most academic libraries operate.Originality/valueThe method provides a practical, sustainable, and effective library assessment technique using data from Radford University. The use of freeware to undertake the analysis also makes it financially viable.
How you can evaluate the integrity of your library service quality assessment data
Authors: Thompson Bruce , Kyrillidou Martha , Cook Colleen 
Published: November 2008

PurposeThis paper aims to explain how the integrity or trustworthiness of library service quality assessment data can be evaluated. Using the metaphor of a bathroom scale, the paper also aims to present the ideas underlying score reliability and score validity in an accessible manner.Design/methodology/approachThe use of the software, SPSS, to compute the related statistics is illustrated. LibQUAL+® data are used in heuristic examples, to make the discussion concrete, but the illustrations apply to both new and other measures of library service quality.FindingsThe paper suggests that assumptions about the quality of data should always be empirically checked whenever an attempt is made to characterize service quality.Originality/valueThis user‐friendly, conversational paper explains some of the more critical elements of service quality assessment.