bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A destructive maxillary cemento‐ossifying fibroma following maxillofacial trauma
Authors: Wenig Barry L. , Sciubba James J. , Cohen Alfred , Goldstein Mark N. , Abramson Allan L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe cemento‐ossifying fibroma, a mesodermal type of non‐odontogenic tumor, is rarely discussed in the otolaryngologic literature. It is a tumor that is seen more in blacks than in whites, appears largely in the elderly, is chiefly located in the mandibular molar or premolar area and is generally neither aggressive nor excessively destructive. The triggering mechanism for its derivation from aberrant periodontal membrane growth or development from endosteal fibrous tissue remains controversial.We report a case of cemento‐ossifying fibroma in a 26‐year‐old Hispanic male which was located in the posterior portion of the maxilla which destroyed the maxillary bone, orbital floor, and the lateral wall of the nose. One year prior to discovery of the lesion the patient sustained severe facial trauma resulting in facial bone fractures. It may be speculated that the trauma sustained was the critical triggering factor allowing for unchecked growth and destruction associated with an otherwise non‐aggressive tumor, which may have been present prior to the traumatic incident.
Infantile methemoglobinemia induced by a topical anesthetic, cetacaine
Authors: Seibert Robert W. , Seibert Joanna J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA 2‐month‐old infant developed severe methemoglobinemia following topical pharyngeal application of a common benzocaine containing agent (Cetacainer̀). Although a number of reports of this complication have appeared in recent years, this is apparently the first case reported in the Otolaryngology literature. The pathophysiology, pharmacology, and treatment of this condition are reviewed.
Meniere's disease: A 30‐Year epidemiologic and clinical study in rochester, mn, 1951‐1980.
Authors: Wladislavosky‐Waserman Pablo , Facer George W. , Mokri Bahram , Kurland Leonard T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne hundred eighty cases of Meniere's disease were identified in the Rochester, MN population during the 30‐year period, 1951 through 1980. The annual age‐adjusted incidence rate per 100,000 population was 15.3; the preponderance for females (16.3) over males (13.3) was not statistically significant. There was no change in annual incidence rate from 1951 through 1970, and a slight decrease in the period, 1971 through 1980. The prevalence rate on January 1,1980, was 218.2 per 100,000 population. Clinical aspects of Meniere's disease noted during the course of this study are reported.
Goblet cells in the laryngeal mucosa in cancer of the larynx
Authors: Nielsen Kristian Otto , Bak‐Pedersen Kristian 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom 70 patients with laryngeal cancer, pieces of mucosa were taken from the subglottis, the entrance to the sinus of Morgagni, and from the ventricular fold. There were 35 taken at the time of diagnosis and the other 35 were taken after radiotherapy. By means of an elective staining method and a whole mount technique, morphological and quantitative studies of the goblet cells were performed. The findings were compared with corresponding investigations of goblet cells in normal larynges. The significantly lower density in the subglottis than in the sinus of Morgagni and ventricular fold observed in normal larynges was not found in the two groups of cancer patients. Instead, there was a tendency to an equalization of the goblet cell density in all 3 laryngeal regions. In the irradiated group the goblet cell density was lower, in all 3 regions, than in the nonirradiated cancer group and in normal larynges. In the close vicinity of the cancer the goblet cell density was reduced, possibly because the cancer process had initiated metaplasia to an epithelium which was poor in goblet cells. Between the two cancer groups and normal larynges there were no morphological differences in the goblet cells.
Endoscopic laser arytenoidectomy for the treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis
Authors: Ossoff Robert H. , Sisson George A. , Moselle Herbert I. , Duncavage James A. , Andrews Philip E. , Mcmillan Willis G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMost patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis have a fairly satisfactory voice, but their airway is usually compromised. The management of such patients presents a challenge to the otolaryngologist‐head and neck surgeon. Numerous surgical procedures have been developed in an attempt to improve the patients's airway insufficiency without leaving him with a breathy, weak voice.Arytenoidectomy is currently the most reliable method of treating patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Although both endoscopic and external approaches have been described for performing an arytenoidectomy, the endoscopic technique is more desirable since it requires no incision and theoretically allows for the immediate assessment of airway size. The addition of the CO2 laser to the surgical armamentarium offers certain refinements to the technique of endoscopic arytenoidectomy.Eleven patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis of the larynx have been treated by endoscopic laser arytenoidectomy by the authors utilizing a technique developed by the two senior authors and subsequently taught to over 200 participants of the CO2 laser workshops sponsored by the Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery at Northwestern University Medical School; 10 of the 11 patients have been successfully decannulated. The technique and problems of this operation will be discussed.
Sir Morell Mackenzie revisited
Authors: Chalat Ned I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe story of Sir Morell Mackenzie and his famous pnticnt, Frederick III, Crown Prince of Germany naturally divides itself into four segments: the physician, his famous patient, the illness, and its consequences both medically and historically.The circumstances of Frederick's death have affected us all. Medically, the cause of biopsy for carcinoma of the larynx was set back many years. For generations biopsy was considered unnecessary to the diagnosis.Had Frederick lived and remained Emperor, and had he encouraged Bismarck to continue a more liberal government and constitutional monarchy; had he continued the non‐aggression treaty between Russia and Germany; had he honored his pledge to Queen Victoria for a “close and lasting friendship between our two nations,” how different our history might have been.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of major and minor salivary gland origin
Authors: Matsuba Howard M. , Thawley Stanley E. , Levine Laurence A. , Simpson Joseph R. , Mauney Marc 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe records of 76 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of major and minor salivary gland origin seen at the Washington University Medical Center from 1963‐1980 were reviewed to determine factors involved in local control, development of distant metastasis, and survival. Twenty‐four (32%) patients were initially treated with surgery alone, 36 (47%) with combined surgery and irradiation, and 16 (21%) with irradiation alone.Local control after treatment was determined for all patients and was analyzed with respect to extent of surgery and dose of irradiation. Of 75 patients evaluable for local control, 30 (40%) failed with a median time of less than 5 years. There was no significant difference for pntients treated vigorously for local recurrences after surgery.Patients who had a complete surgical resection (i.e., negative margins) survived significantly longer than patients treated by incomplete resection or biopsy alone followed by irradiation.Distant metastases developed in 50% of patients regardless of local control. Median survival after development of distant metastases was 40 months. There was no difference between major and minor gland sources for development of metastases. Lymph node involvement was rare.Our data indicate that complete and radical surgery results in the best survival. Combined modality therapy with surgery and irradiation optimizes the control of local disease. However, since distant metastases develop in spite of local control, in most instances we cannot recommend mutilating surgery for this disease entity.
Epiglottic reconstruction after supraglottic laryngectomy.
Authors: Calcaterra Thomas C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIt has been well established that supraglottic laryngectomy is an effective treatment of laryngeal cancer arising above the vocal cords with cure rates equaling total laryngectomy. Although there is preservation of a near normal voice after supragloltic laryngectomy, chronic aspiration occurs in some patients particularly after extended supraglottic laryngectomy or when there is associated compromised pulmonary function.During normal deglutition, the epiglottis serves to divert food to the pyriform fossae and partially covers the inlet to the airway. These important functions can be accomplished after supraglottic laryngectomy by reconstructing a neoepiglottis from an epiglottic remnant whenever one third or more of the epiglottis can be preserved which is microscopically free of tumor. Our results in 14 patients have shown no clinically significant aspiration after epiglottic reconstruction.
Crib‐o‐gram vs. auditory brain stem response for infant hearing screening.
Authors: Shimizu Hiroshi , Walters Roger J. , Allen Marilee C. , Kennedy David W. , Markowitz Ricka K. , Luebkert Frances R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAs a part of the longitudinal evaluation of a cluster of neonatal hearing screening procedures in a single high risk population, Crib‐O‐Gram (COG) and auditory brain stem response (ABR) screening have been administered to 190 infants in the NICU. Multiple COG screening showed inconsistent results in 25% of the infants. The COG failure rate was 27.9% with 2 out of 3 pass criterion. In the two‐intensity ABR screening (70 dB and 30 dB), 17.9% failed at 30 dB bilaterally and 30.0% failed unilaterally. The repeated ABR screening and behavioral observation audiometry at age 6 months indentified one infant with a significant hearing loss in 78 infants. Two thirds of the COG failures and a little more than half of the ABR failures had a problem mainly with the middle ear. Advantages and disadvantages of each procedure are presented.
Acoustic reflex abnormalities in behaviorally disturbed and language delayed children.
Authors: Grady Thomas W. , Mcmurry Gene , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractContralateral and ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds were measured in 62 subjects referred for suspected delays in development of language, learning disabilities, or disorders of auditory processing, with normal peripheral hearing thresholds and normal tympanometry. Thirty‐two percent of the subjects in this study showed abnormal contralateral and ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds. Both contralateral and ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds were involved when subjects showed abnormal reflex thresholds. Although a high percentage of abnormal acoustic reflexes occurred in this population, no strong correlation could be found with specific areas of language delay. A slight positive correlation was found between abnormal acoustic reflexes and delayed psychomotor development. Increased or absent acoustic reflex thresholds are usually associated with peripheral or low brain stem pathologies. While not conclusive, these results suggest brain stem involvement in this population.
The effects of radiation therapy in microvascular anastomoses
Authors: Fried Marvin P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe otolaryngologist, as a head and neck surgeon, commonly cares for patients with upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. Therapy of these neoplasms often requires wide excision. One standard reconstructive procedure utilizes pedicled regional flaps, both dermal and myodermal which have some disadvantages. The shortcomings of these pedicled regional flaps have led to the use of the vascularized free flap in certain cases. The occasional case may lead to catastrophe if microanastomoses fail when combined with radiation. Notwithstanding, many surgical series have reported success when radiation has been given.The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of radiation therapy on microvascular anastomoses when radiation is administered pre‐ or postoperatively or when nonradiated tissue is transferred to an irradiated recipient site. These effects were observed serially in an experimental rat model using a tubed superficial epigastric flap that adequately reflected tissue viability and vascular patency. The histologic changes were then noted over a three month period after completion of both radiation and surgery.This study adds credence to the observation of the lack of deleterious effects of radiation on experimental microvascular anastomotic patency whether the radiation is given before or after surgery or if radiated tissue is approximated to nonradiated vessels.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for tinnitus
Authors: Engelberg Marvin , Bauer William 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe use of electrical stimulation to treat tinnitus was evaluated in a two‐experiment study. The stimulus was a low amperage, low frequency variable square wave applied to 13 sites on the auricle of the ear with tinnitus. The sites were selected for their increased electrical conductivity as measured by low electrical resistance readings. Experiment 1 results defined improvement as either a complete remission of the tinnitus or a decrease in the frequency of the tinnitus. Experiment 2 utilized a single blind protocol with 20 subjects comprising 33 ears with tinnitus. Eighty‐two percent of the 33 ears showed improvement by either of the two criteria. The permanence of the improvement ranged from 20 minutes to at least six months. The variables associated with this procedure were discussed. The adverse effects from the stimulation were minimal.
Hypoparathyroidism following total laryngopharyngectomy and gastric pull‐up
Authors: Krespi Yosef P. , Wurster Carl F. , Wang Tom D. , Stone David M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe have used the gastric pull‐up technique for closure of large pharyngoesophageal defects after radical oncological surgery since 1979. The management of severe hypocalcemia and hypovitaminosis D seemed more difficult in patients undergoing pull‐up reconstruction than in patients undergoing the same extirpative surgery, but reconstructed with more traditional methods.To determine if hypocalcemia and hypovitaminosis D were more common in gastric pull‐up patients, and if postoperative management of these conditions is more problematic in this group, we retrospectively compared three groups of head and neck surgery patients. Group 1 consisted of 17 patients undergoing total laryngectomy with thyroid complex preservation. Group 2 consisted of 7 patients undergoing mediastinal dissection with total laryngectomy‐thyroidectomy previously or concurrently. Group 3 consisted of 30 patients undergoing total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy‐thyroidectomy and gastric pull‐up reconstruction. The incidences of hypocalcemia requiring therapy were 12%, 50%, and 73%, respectively, with an overall incidence of 51%. The average amounts of supplemental calcium and vitamin D in the three groups were compared. A significant difference between the three groups was noted. Finally, the dietary calcium and vitamin D requirements for one problematic patient were prospectively recorded and summarized graphically.We conclude that any patient should be carefully monitored for the signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia after major head and neck surgery. In the special instance of the gastric pull‐up patient, calcium requirements and the range of serum calcium fluctuation are greatly increased compared to patients undergoing more traditional methods of reconstruction.
The topical use of 5‐fluorouracil in the ear in the management of cholesteatoma and excessive mucous secretion
Authors: Smith Mansfield F. W. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil was introduced in the early 1960s as a topical chemotherapeutic agent and has become increasingly accepted because of its efficacy, economy, and relative absence of side effects in treating many pre‐cancerous conditions, certain benign and malignant tumors, and dermatoses. This paper addresses the use of topical 5‐fluorouracil in the management of cholesteatoma and unwanted mucus‐secreting cells. A retrospective study has suggested a very impressive efficacy of topical 5‐fluorouracil in the management of cholesteatoma and, to a lesser degree, control of hyper‐mucus‐secreting cells at locations in the middle ear and mastoid. The use of topical 5‐fluorouracil in the management of hyperkeratosis, cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid, and in the external canal has been almost 100% effective with very few side effects. In the management of hyper‐mucous‐secreting cells, 5‐fluorouracil has a success rate of approximately 50%.
Restoration of the airway following bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis
Authors: Singer Mark I. , Hamaker Ronald C. , Miller Stuart M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBilateral recurrent laryngcal nerve paralysis has been treated by a number of ingenious techniques that include arytenoidectomies, vocal cord lateralizations, cordectomies, and, recently, reinnervation procedures and laser arytenoidectomies. An arytenoidectomy is recommended by a thyrotomy approach without lateralization of the vocal cord. The resulting airway is adequate for decannulation by expansion of the posterior glottic aperture, with preservation of the anterior glottis for phonation.
Histologic variants in otosclerosis
Authors: Schuknecht Harold F. , Barber Wayne 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA study of 164 temporal bones with otosclerosis revealed stapes fixation in 123. Large lesions (4 mm or larger) were characterized by involvement of the cochlear endosteum, increased cellular activity, and bone resorption. Anatomical sites of predilection were: 1. anterior to the oval window, 2. margins of the round window, and 3. apical‐medial wall of the cochlea. Two of the five ears with cochlear otosclerosis were from a patient with severe bilateral hearing loss. The size, cellular activity, and location of otosclerotic lesions showed no correlation with the magnitude of sensorineural hearing loss. Subjects over 69 years of age had greater bone‐conduction losses than age‐matched controls. Nine ears showed occlusion of the round window niche.
Intraoperative baer monitoring and hearing preservation in the treatment of acoustic neuromas
Authors: Abramson Maxwell , Stein Bennett M. , Emerson Ronald G. , Pedley Timothy A. , Wazen Jack J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe treated 20 cases of acoustic neuromas in the last 2 1/2 years using the suboccipital approach with intraoperative monitoring of eighth nerve function in an attempt to preserve hearing. Total tumor removal was accomplished in 18 cases. Three tumors were small (less than 2 cm in size); 3 tumors were moderate sized (2 to 3 cm) and 14 tumors were large (greater than 3 cm). In 15 cases, all BAER components were lost during surgery. These patients had no postoperative hearing.In five patients there was intraoperative preservation of some or all BAER components. These included the three patients with small tumors and two other patients with moderate sized tumors. One patient with a moderate size tumor had preservation of wave 1 only, and had no postoperative speech discrimination. One patient with a small tumor retained all 5 BAER components, but had no postoperative hearing. Three patients in our series retained functional hearing after surgery, including 3 of 5 patients with tumors 2 cm or smaller.Intraoperative BAER monitoring appears to be useful in predicting postoperative hearing. Tumor size seems to be the primary factor in preservation of hearing following acoustic neuroma surgery.
Laryngeal amyloidosis
Authors: Mitrani Moises , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLocalized laryngeal amyloidosis is a benign, rare tumor of the larynx. Six cases of laryngeal amyloidosis were evaluated and treated from 1967 through 1984. One case is that of an 8‐year‐old female: the youngest reported case. Therapy is directed towards surgical resection. The cases in this report had significant laryngeal involvement necessitating extensive surgery.
Two modifications of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF)
Authors: Lee Keun Y. , Lore John M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPectoralis major myocutaneous flap is the most commonly used versatile flap in head and neck reconstructive surgery.The use of entirely tubed pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of the hypopharynx following total laryngectomy and total pharyngectomy has a disadvantage of bulkiness of the flap and poor postoperative deglutition.One‐stage reconstruction of the entire hypopharynx utilizing a combination of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and dermal graft minimizes bulkiness, thus achieving satisfactory to excellent functional results. The operation has been performed on four patients with excellent deglutition. The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap is utilized to reconstruct the anterior and lateral walls of the hypopharynx, the dermal graft for the posterior wall as far superior as the vault of the nasopharynx. The operative procedure is described.Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap usually provides enough length to reach the distant site of the surgical defect. On occasion, however, additional length is desirable to avoid tension along the suture line. This becomes apparent when a random portion of elevated pectoralis major myocutaneous flap presents questionable viability which may require further trimming. Resection of the medial half of the clavicle can provide additional length of this flap by 2 cm to 2.5 cm.
A finite element model of skin deformation. II. An experimental model of skin deformation
Authors: Larrabee Wayne F. , Sutton Dwight 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSkin flap design has traditionally been based on geometric models which ignore the elastic properties of skin and its subcutaneous attachments. This study reviews the theoretical and experimental mechanics of skin and soft tissues (I) and proposes a mathematical model of skin deformation based on the finite element method (III). Finite element technique facilitates the modeling of complex structures by analyzing them as an aggregate of smaller elements.This paper gives the results of an animal model developed to study the deformation and mechanical properties of skin, including its viscoelastic properties (hysteresis, creep, and stress relaxation). A new skin extensometer, constructed with digital stepper motors and controlled with a microcomputer, is described to measure these properties for both skin and its subcutaneous attachments. Deformation grids quantitated from photographs with a digitalizing tablet are presented, and computer software is introduced to standardize and analyze them (II). The mathematical model is used to simulate wound closures such as the ellipse and rectangular advancement flap. In addition, a series of mathematical experiments performed to simulate deformation of a strip of skin are described; the relationships between the various elastic constants are investigated; and a comparison of these simulations with actual deformation is presented. Limitations of the model and areas for future investigation are discussed (III).