bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilient data‐driven asymmetric bipartite consensus for nonlinear multi‐agent systems against DoS attacks
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Yichao , Zhao Junbo , Zuo Shan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study an unified resilient asymmetric bipartite consensus (URABC) problem for nonlinear multi‐agent systems with both cooperative and antagonistic interactions under denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. We first prove that the URABC problem is solved by stabilizing the neighborhood asymmetric bipartite consensus error. Then, we develop a distributed compact form dynamic linearization method to linearize the neighborhood asymmetric bipartite consensus error. By using an attack compensation mechanism to eliminate the adverse effects of DoS attacks and an extended discrete state observer to enhance the robustness against unknown dynamics, we finally propose a distributed resilient data‐driven adaptive control (DDAC) algorithm to solve the URABC problem. A numerical example validates the proposed results.
Nanoscale Helical Optical Force for Determining Crystal Chirality
Authors: Cheng An‐Chieh , Pin Christophe , Sunaba Yuji , Sugiyama Teruki , Sasaki Keiji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe deterministic control of material chirality has been a sought‐after goal. As light possesses intrinsic chirality, light‐matter interactions offer promising avenues for achieving non‐contact, enantioselective optical induction, assembly, or sorting of chiral entities. However, experimental validations are confined to the microscale due to the limited strength of asymmetrical interactions within sub‐diffraction limit ranges. In this study, a novel approach is presented to facilitate chirality modulation through chiral crystallization using a helical optical force field originating from localized nanogap surface plasmon resonance. The force field emerges near a gold trimer nanogap and is propelled by linear and angular momentum transfer from the incident light to the resonant nanogap plasmon. By employing Gaussian and Laguerre–Gaussian incident laser beams, notable enantioselectivity is achieved through low‐power plasmon‐induced chiral crystallization of an organic compound–ethylenediamine sulfate. The findings provide new insights into chirality transmission orchestrated by the exchange of linear and angular momentum between light and nanomaterials.
NHC‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Transformations Involving α‐Bromoenals
Authors: Doraghi Fatemeh , Ameli Mahmoud , Ansariashlaghi Shirin , Larijani Bagher , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstractα‐Haloenals, especially, α‐bromoenals considered as one of the important building blocks in organic synthesis. They can participate in various (3+2)‐, (3+3)‐, (3+4)‐, and (2+4)‐annulation reactions with other organic molecules in the presence of an NHC catalyst to produce enantioenriched carbo‐, and heterocyclic compounds. Herein, we have described NHC‐catalyzed enantioselective transformations of α‐bromoenals in the synthesis of various heterocycles, and carbocycles, as well as acyclic organic compounds.
Clinical value of Alzheimer's disease biomarker testing
Authors: Patel Khushbu J. , Yang David , Best John R. , Chambers Colleen , Lee Philip E. , Henri‐Bhargava Alexandre , Funnell Clark R. , Foti Dean J. , Pettersen Jacqueline A. , Feldman Howard H. , Nygaard Haakon B. , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek R. , DeMarco Mari L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIn the Investigating the Impact of Alzheimer's Disease Diagnostics in British Columbia (IMPACT‐AD BC) study, we aimed to understand how Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker testing—used in medical care—impacted medical decision‐making (medical utility), personal decision‐making (personal utility), and health system economics.METHODSThe study was designed as an observational, longitudinal cohort study. A total of 149 patients were enrolled between February 2019 and July 2021. Patients referred to memory clinics were approached to participate if their dementia specialist ordered AD CSF biomarker testing as part of their routine medical care, and the clinical scenario met the appropriate use criteria for lumbar puncture and AD CSF biomarker testing. For the medical utility pillar, detailed clinical management plans were collected via physician questionnaires pre‐ and post‐biomarker disclosure.RESULTSPatients with completed management questionnaires (n = 142) had a median age of 64 (interquartile range: 59–69) years, 48% were female, and 60% had CSF biomarker profiles on the AD continuum. Clinical management changed in 89.4% of cases. AD biomarker testing was associated with decreased need for other diagnostic procedures, including brain imaging (–52.0%) and detailed neuropsychological assessments (–63.2%), increased referrals and counseling (57.0%), and guided AD‐related drug prescriptions (+88.4% and –50.0% in biomarker‐positive and ‐negative cases, respectively).DISCUSSIONAD biomarker testing was associated with significant and positive changes in clinical management, including decreased health care resource use, therapy optimization, and increased patient and family member counseling. While certain changes in management were linked to the AD biomarker profile (e.g., referral to clinical trials), the majority of changes were independent of baseline clinical presentation and level of cognitive impairment, demonstrating a broad value for AD biomarker testing in individuals meeting the appropriate use criteria for testing.
Sufficient Criteria for Stabilization Properties in Banach Spaces
Authors: Egidi Michela , Gallaun Dennis , Seifert Christian , Tautenhahn Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study abstract sufficient criteria for cost-uniform open-loop stabilizability of linear control systems in a Banach space with a bounded control operator, which build up and generalize a sufficient condition for null-controllability in Banach spaces given by an uncertainty principle and a dissipation estimate. For stabilizability these estimates are only needed for a single spectral parameter and, in particular, their constants do not depend on the growth rate w.r.t. this parameter. Our result unifies and generalizes earlier results obtained in the context of Hilbert spaces. As an application we consider fractional powers of elliptic differential operators with constant coefficients in $$L_p(\mathbb {R}^d)$$

L
p

(

R

d

)

for $$p\in [1,\infty )$$

p
∈
[
1
,
∞
)

and thick control sets.
CT and MRI findings of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: comparison with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Kawaguchi Masaya , Kato Hiroki , Koie Takuya , Noda Yoshifumi , Hyodo Fuminori , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Matsuo Masayuki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CT and MRI findings to differentiate small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) from urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the urinary bladder.

Materials and methods
This study included 90 patients with histopathologically confirmed bladder cancer (10 SCNECs and 80 UCs). Eight patients with bladder SCNEC and 80 with UC underwent CT and MRI, whereas the remaining two patients with SCNEC underwent CT alone before treatment. CT and MRI findings were retrospectively evaluated and compared between the two pathologies.

Results
The maximum diameter (36.5 mm vs. 19.0 mm, p < 0.01) and height (22.0 mm vs. 14.0 mm, p < 0.01) of the tumor in bladder SCNEC were higher than in UC. The pedunculated configuration (20% vs. 61%, p < 0.05) and irregular tumor margins (20% vs. 76%, p < 0.01) in bladder SCNEC were less common than in UC. The CT attenuation of the solid component in unenhanced CT images was higher in bladder SCNEC than in UC (37 Hounsfield unit [HU] vs. 34 HU, p < 0.01). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the solid component in bladder SCNEC was lower than in UC (0.49 × 10−3 mm2/s vs. 1.02 × 10−3 mm2/s, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
In comparison with UC, bladder SCNEC was larger, had higher unenhanced CT attenuation, and had a lower ADC value. The pedunculated configuration and irregular tumor margins were typical of bladder UC.

Graphical abstract
Spacer rotation technique allows precise evaluation of gap balance in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Matziolis Georg , Layher Frank , Vogt Sophia , Bergner Leah , Wassilew Georgi , Kirschberg Julia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe symmetry of the flexion and extension gap influences the functional and long-term outcome after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Most surgeons check it by applying varus and valgus stress using spacers. This technique has limited accuracy and could be easily extended by rotational movement of the spacer. The objective was to determine the detection threshold and interobserver reliability of this technique. In an in vitro setting with a human cadaveric knee, gap asymmetries were simulated by different medially and laterally applied forces. Using an optical measurement system, the pivot point of the spacer was calculated as a function of the gap symmetry in the first part of the experiment. In the second part, the detection threshold and interobserver reliability of 4 surgeons were determined. For this purpose, gap asymmetries were adjusted to between 0 and 120N in a blinded trial. With a symmetrical gap, the centre of rotation of the spacer was located in the centre of the tibia. With increasing gap asymmetry, the centre of rotation of the spacer shifted to the tight side. This shift was approximately linearly dependent on the force difference. A perfectly balanced gap was detected by the examiners in 50% of the cases. From a force difference of 40N, all examiners identified the gap asymmetry in all cases (ICC = 1.0). The method of spacer rotation described is suitable for reliably detecting gap differences at ≥ 40N, independently of the examiner.
Influence of aberrant right hepatic artery on survival after pancreatic resection for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head
Authors: Petrova Ekaterina , Mazzella Elena , Eichler Katrin , Gruber-Rouh Tatjana , Schulze Falko , Bechstein Wolf O. , Schnitzbauer Andreas A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The presence of an aberrant right hepatic artery (aRHA), arising from the superior mesenteric artery, is a common variant of the liver vascular anatomy. Considering that tumor spread occurs along vessels, the question arises, whether the presence of an aRHA influences the oncologic outcome after resection for cancer of the pancreatic head.

Methods
Patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head, who underwent resection from 2011 to 2020 at the Frankfurt University Hospital, Germany, were analyzed retrospectively. Surgical records and computed tomography imaging were reviewed for the presence of aRHA. Overall and disease-free survival as well as hepatic recurrence were analyzed according to the presence of aRHA.

Results
aRHA was detected in 21 out of 145 patients (14.5%). The median overall survival was 26 months (95%CI 20.8–34.4), median disease-free survival was 12.1 months (95%CI 8.1–17.3). There was no significant difference in overall survival (26.1 versus 21.4 months, adjusted hazard ratio 1.31, 95%CI 0.7–2.46, p = 0.401) or disease-free survival (14.5 months versus 12 months, adjusted hazard ratio 0.98, 95%CI 0.57–1.71, p = 0.957) without and with aRHA. The hepatic recurrence rate was 24.4.% with conventional anatomy versus 30.8% with aRHA (adjusted odds ratio 1.36, 95%CI 0.3–5.38, p = 0.669). In the multivariable analysis, only lymphatic vessel invasion was an independent prognostic factor for hepatic recurrence.

Conclusions
The presence of an aRHA does not seem to influence the long-term survival and hepatic recurrence after resection for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head.
The role of body–object interaction in children’s concept processing: insights from two Chinese communities
Authors: Xu Zhengye , Liu Duo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA rating of body–object interactions (BOIs) reflects the ease with which a human body can interact physically with a word’s referent. Studies with adults have demonstrated a facilitating BOI effect in language tasks, with faster and more accurate responses for high BOI words (e.g., cup) than low BOI words (e.g., coal). A few studies have explored the BOI effect in children. However, these studies have all adopted adult-rated BOIs, which may differ from children’s. Using child-rated BOIs, the present study investigated the BOI effect in Chinese children and its relationship with age, as well as whether there was a community difference in the BOI effect. Children (aged 7–8) from Mainland China (N = 100) and Hong Kong SAR (HK; N = 90) completed a lexical decision task used to measure the BOI effect. The children were asked to judge whether each item was a real Chinese word; each real word was assigned a child-rated BOI score. After controlling nonverbal intelligence, gender, working memory, and Chinese character reading, a significant BOI effect was observed at the response accuracy and speed levels. The accuracy and latency analyses illustrated a community difference; the BOI effect was smaller in the HK children. This study suggests that BOI measures may be sensitive to the ecological differences between tested communities. The findings support the need for further investigations into the BOI effect across Chinese communities, particularly those in Mainland China.
Behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation in the US: a longitudinal study March─ October 2021
Authors: Abad Neetu , Bonner Kimberly E , Huang Qian , Baack Brittney , Petrin Robert , Das Dhiman , Hendrich Megan A. , Gosz Madeline S. , Lewis Zachary , Lintern David J. , Fisun Helen , Brewer Noel T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany studies have examined behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation, but few have examined these drivers longitudinally. We sought to identify the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination initiation using the Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) Framework. Participants were a nationally-representative sample of 1,563 US adults who had not received a COVID-19 vaccine by baseline. Participants took surveys online at baseline (spring 2021) and follow-up (fall 2021). The surveys assessed variables from BeSD Framework domains (i.e., thinking and feeling, social processes, and practical issues), COVID-19 vaccination initiation, and demographics at baseline and follow-up. Between baseline and follow-up, 65% of respondents reported initiating COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccination intent increased from baseline to follow-up (p < .01). Higher vaccine confidence, more positive social norms towards vaccination, and receiving vaccine recommendations at baseline predicted subsequent COVID-19 vaccine initiation (all p < .01). Among factors assessed at follow-up, social responsibility and vaccine requirements had the greatest associations with vaccine initiation (all p < .01). Baseline vaccine confidence, social norms, and vaccination recommendations were associated with subsequent vaccine initiation, all of which could be useful targets for behavioral interventions. Furthermore, interventions that highlight social responsibility to vaccinate or promote vaccination requirements could also be beneficial.
Utilizing plasma-generated N2O5 gas from atmospheric air as a novel gaseous nitrogen source for plants
Authors: Yamanashi Taro , Takeshi Shouki , Sasaki Shota , Takashima Keisuke , Kaneko Toshiro , Ishimaru Yasuhiro , Uozumi Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFixing atmospheric nitrogen for use as fertilizer is a crucial process in promoting plant growth and enhancing crop yields in agricultural production. Currently, the chemical production of nitrogen fertilizer from atmospheric N2 relies on the energy-intensive Haber–Bosch process. Therefore, developing a low-cost and easily applicable method for fixing nitrogen from the air would provide a beneficial alternative. In this study, we tested the utilization of dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) gas, generated from oxygen and nitrogen present in ambient air with the help of a portable plasma device, as a nitrogen source for the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nitrogen-deficient plants supplied with medium treated with N2O5, were able to overcome nitrogen deficiency, similar to those provided with medium containing a conventional nitrogen source. However, prolonged direct exposure of plants to N2O5 gas adversely affected their growth. Short-time exposure of plants to N2O5 gas mitigated its toxicity and was able to support growth. Moreover, when the exposure of N2O5 and the contact with plants were physically separated, plants cultured under nitrogen deficiency were able to grow. This study shows that N2O5 gas generated from atmospheric nitrogen can be used as an effective nutrient for plants, indicating its potential to serve as an alternative nitrogen fertilization method for promoting plant growth.
Reduced insulin/IGF-1 signalling upregulates two anti-viral immune pathways, decreases viral load and increases survival under viral infection in C. elegans
Authors: Duxbury Elizabeth M. L. , Carlsson Hanne , Kimberley Annabel , Ridge Yvonne , Johnson Katie , Maklakov Alexei A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReduced insulin/IGF-1 signalling (rIIS) improves survival across diverse taxa and there is a growing interest in its role in regulating immune function. Whilst rIIS can improve anti-bacterial resistance, the consequences for anti-viral immunity are yet to be systematically examined. Here, we show that rIIS in adult Caenorhabditis elegans increases the expression of key genes in two different anti-viral immunity pathways, whilst reducing viral load in old age, increasing survival and reducing rate-of-senescence under infection by naturally occurring positive-sense single-stranded RNA Orsay virus. We found that both drh-1 in the anti-viral RNA interference (RNAi) pathway and cde-1 in the terminal uridylation-based degradation of viral RNA pathway were upregulated in early adulthood under rIIS and increased anti-viral resistance was not associated with reproductive costs. Remarkably, rIIS increased anti-viral gene expression only in infected worms, potentially to curb the costs of constitutively upregulated immunity. RNA viruses are found across taxa from plants to mammals and we demonstrate a novel role for rIIS in regulating resistance to viral infection. We therefore highlight this evolutionarily conserved signalling pathway as a promising therapeutic target to improve anti-viral immunity.
Von der Defensive zur Cyberoffensive? Aktive Cyberabwehr, Hackbacks und der Diskurs der Akteure in der deutschen Cybersicherheitspolitik
Authors: Schmoldt Janine 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag behandelt die deutsche Cybersicherheitsdebatte zur aktiven Cyberabwehr aus verfassungs- und völkerrechtlicher Sicht. Der Akteursdiskurs wird rekonstruiert, um zu ermitteln, wer im Falle eines Cyberangriffs unterhalb der Schwelle eines bewaffneten Konflikts ein Mandat zur aktiven Cyberabwehr erhalten sollte. Rechtliche Fragen und mögliche Risiken aktiver Cyberabwehrmaßnahmen werden adressiert und die Konsequenzen für die internationalen Beziehungen sowie die internationale Sicherheitspolitik erläutert.
Enabling magnetic pulse welding for dissimilar tubular arrester cable joints
Authors: Graß M. , Sommer N. , Böhm S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change exacerbates the need for resource-efficient and cost-effective production processes across manifold industries, including the field of electrical connections. This specific field is characterized by a conflict of objectives, i.e., weight reductions while maintaining joint strength and electrical conductivity. From a material point of view, the use of aluminum as a conductor material is suitable for this application, as it is lighter than copper, a classical conductor material. Electrical conductors are often used in the form of flexible cables, so-called stranded wires. This type of conductor as well as the fact that the sole use of aluminum in electrical systems is not feasible, e.g., because the predetermined connection terminals of power electronic components are made of copper, creates a substantial demand for dissimilar aluminum-copper cable arrester joints. However, traditional fusion-based welding processes have proved incapable of reliably producing these dissimilar aluminum-copper joints because of thermophysical effects and chemical incompatibilities, the latter eventually leading to the formation of intermetallic phases. These phases adversely affect the quality of the joint in terms of both mechanical and electrical performance. Yet, magnetic pulse welding, a pressure welding process, is ideally suited for producing dissimilar metal joints on the basis of a low energy input during the welding process. Consequently, the formation of intermetallic phases is restrained. However, magnetic pulse welding has not been sufficiently investigated for the reliable contacting of stranded cables to tubular arresters. As a result, this paper focuses on the fabrication of tubular stranded cable arrester joints using magnetic pulse welding. To shed light on possible material combinations, aluminum-to-aluminum and copper-to-copper joints as well as their dissimilar counterparts are welded. Subsequently, the joints are characterized with regard to their microstructure and quasi-static material strength. Electrical characterization comprises the four-wire Kelvin measurement method to evaluate the resistance of the electrical joints. The results demonstrate that magnetic pulse welding is ideally suited to join the aforementioned material combination and joint configuration due to its process characteristics eventually leading to material continuity. As a result, the stranded wires are welded to the tubular arresters rather than crimped. Consequently, a comparative analysis of the joint properties with those of the joining partners shows that the measured electrical resistances and mechanical tensile forces may be considered very good.
Towards efficient similarity embedded temporal Transformers via extended timeframe analysis
Authors: Olorunnimbe Kenniy , Viktor Herna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrice prediction remains a crucial aspect of financial market research as it forms the basis for various trading strategies and portfolio management techniques. However, traditional models such as ARIMA are not effective for multi-horizon forecasting, and current deep learning approaches do not take into account the conditional heteroscedasticity of financial market time series. In this work, we introduce the similarity embedded temporal Transformer (SeTT) algorithms, which extend the state-of-the-art temporal Transformer architecture. These algorithms utilise historical trends in financial time series, as well as statistical principles, to enhance forecasting performance. We conducted a thorough analysis of various hyperparameters including learning rate, local window size, and the choice of similarity function in this extension of the study in a bid to get optimal model performance. We also experimented over an extended timeframe, which allowed us to more accurately assess the performance of the models in different market conditions and across different lengths of time. Overall, our results show that SeTT provides improved performance for financial market prediction, as it outperforms both classical financial models and state-of-the-art deep learning methods, across volatile and non-volatile extrapolation periods, with varying effects of historical volatility on the extrapolation. Despite the availability of a substantial amount of data spanning up to 13 years, optimal results were primarily attained through a historical window of 1–3 years for the extrapolation period under examination.