bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cavitating Pulmonary Nodules in Histiocytosis‐X High Resolution CT Demonstration
Authors: TAYLOR DONNA B. , JOSKE DAVID , ANDERSON JAMES , BARRY‐WALSH CAITRIONA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn a case of pulmonary histiocytosis, high resolution C. T. scanning (H. R. C. T) showed multiple small ring shaped peripheral pulmonary lesions. This has not, to our knowledge been previously reported in the radiological literature. The possible pathogenesis of these lesions is described. With the advent of H. R. C. T this appearance should become more widely recognised in the future. H. R. C. T was of considerable assistance in diagnosis of this patient with non‐specific findings on the plain chest film.
Necrobacillosis
Authors: ADLER JULIAN , CHAKERA T. M. H. , THOMPSON R. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTNecrobacillosis is a severe septicaemic illness caused by the gram negative anaerobe, Fusobacterium necrophorum, that typically occurs in previously healthy young adults following a mild sore throat.Radiological changes in the chest are prominent and include rapidly developing empyema, pneumonic consolidation, cavitation and pneumatocele formation. Metastatic abscesses in other sites are also seen. The clinical setting and time course are in marked contrast to the presentation of most anaerobic pleuro‐pulmonary infections.Two cases are described, in one of which the outcome was fatal. Both displayed marked chest disease as an early manifestation of their illness. As the condition is relatively uncommon, radiological diagnosis demands a high index of suspicion in order to facilitate early treatment.
The Potential of Neutron Capture Therapy in the Management of Uncontrollable Localised Tumours
Authors: BSc. B. J. ALLEN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe role of Neutron Capture Therapy for the treatment of uncontrollable, localised tumours is examined. Several boron carrier biochemicals are already in use for the selective accumulation of boron in cancer cells, and therapeutic boron concentrations have been achieved in glioblastoma and melanoma in animal models and in patients. Local control of glioblastoma and subcutaneous melanoma has been reported after thermal neutron irradiation. Different neutron beam requirements apply for the treatment of these cancers, in the former case a thermal beam is adequate but a more penetrating epithermal beam is needed for the treatment of deep‐seated tumours. A thermal facility for small animal irradiations is available in Australia, and the development of a patient thermal/epithermal facility is under active consideration.
Half Body Irradiation for the Palliation of Bone Metastases
Authors: BURMEISTER B. H. , PROBERT J. C. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYHalf body irradiation using single large doses of photons has been reported as an effective modality for the palliation of symptoms due to widespread metastatic bone malignancy. Over a 7 year period (1982–1988) sixteen patients with disseminated malignancy were given half body irradiation at Auckland Hospital. Treatment consisted of a single dose of radiation of between 5 and 8 Gray. Either 6 or 8 MV photon beams were used. Twelve patients received treatment to the lower half body, three patients to the upper half body and one patient to both upper and lower half body. Significant pain relief occured in fifteen patients and two patients experienced improvement with hypercalcaemia. All patients tolerated the treatment well and toxicity was minimal.
Identification of Hepatic Cirrhosis by Duplex Doppler Ultrasound Value of the Hepatic Artery Resistive Index
Authors: PIERCE MARK E. , SEWELL RICHARD 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTPulsed Doppler Ultrasound was used to analyze hepatic artery wave forms near the porta hepatis. The Resistive Index (RI) = [pcak systolic frequency shift (A) ‐ minimum diastolic frequency shift (B)] / [peak systolic frequency shift (A)] has been calculated from this information. Two populations have been compared; 30 fit hospital staff members, 23 male, 7 female, age mean 37 years and range 19 to 73 years, and 33 cirrhotic potential liver transplant recipients, 16 male, 17 female, age mean 48 years and range 11 to 78 years.The RI was successfully obtained in 94% of the potential transplant patients. There is a significant difference between the RI of the controls (mean = 0.72, SE = 0.2, n = 27) and the cirrhotics (mean = 0.82, SE = 0.2, n = 31), P<0.0001. Using a cut off of greater than 0.77 this index has a sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of 68%, 70% and 69% respectively.
Gallstone Dissolution by Methyl‐Tert‐Butyl Ether (MTBE) Via Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholecystostomy
Authors: CHOONG M. K. , PHILLIPS G. W. L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDissolution of gallbladder stones with MTBE appears to be an effective and safe treatment for patients with symptomatic gallstones who are unfit for surgery. However, the procedure is tedious and the stone recurrence rate is as yet unknown.
Polycystic Disease of the Kidney Coexisting with Medullary Sponge Kidney
Authors: ANDERSON J. E. M. , STEENS R. D. , HURST P. E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of simultaneous adult polycystic kidney disease and medullary sponge kidney is reported. Such an occurrence is rare but suggests that these two conditions share a common pathogenesis.
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Simulating Intestinal Obstruction and Pneumatosis Intestinalis
Authors: YIP C.K.Y. , WONG H.Y.N , CHAN P.S.F. , METREWELI C 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of emphysematous pyelonephritis is reported. The initially puzzling plain abdominal radiographs simulated intestinal obstruction and pneumatosis intestinalis. Resolution was later confirmed sonographically.
MR Imaging of Primary Pulmonary Lymphoma
Authors: TAKASHIMA SHODAYU , FUJITA NORIHIKO , MORIMOTO SHIZUO , IKEZOE JUNPEI , KOZUKA TAKAHIRO 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe present a patient with primary pulmonary lymphoma studied by magnetic resonance (MR), whose MR appearance was considered to be suggestive of the disorder. On TI‐weighted MR images the tumour was seen as a large mass with homogeneous signal intensity, replacing the entire left lower lobe, while on T2‐weighted images it was demonstrated as a homogeneous mass with a surrounding thin layer of greater signal intensity. This discrimination was not possible with computed tomography.
Extralobar Pulmonary Sequestration of the Left Retroperitoneum
Authors: SHIH SHIN‐LIN , LIN JACKSON CHING‐TZER , CHEN BE‐FONG , CHEN CHIU‐CHIANG , CHANG KOU‐LIANG , LIANG DER‐CHERNG 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper presents an extralobar pulmonary sequestration in the left retroperitoneum in an eight year old girl. The clinical and diagnostic features included abdominal pain, an abdominal mass, elevated VMA, and radiological manifestations simulating a left adrenal mass. A laparatomy was performed.Extralobar pulmonary sequestration of the left retroperitoneum is fairly uncommon. An eight year old girl was admitted with abdominal pain, elevated urinary VMA and an abdominal mass. The radiological manifestations simulated a left adrenal mass. At surgery an extralobular pulmonary sequestration was detected.
Peroral Pneumo Colon — A Double Contrast Technique to Evaluate Distal Ileum and Proximal Colon
Authors: MITTAL ANJU , SAHA MADAN M. , PANDEY K.K. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe technique of peroral pneumocolon (POPC) has been found to be simple and easy to obtain excellent double contrast visualization of the distal ileum and proximal colon. Thirty four patients were subjected to the POPC examination of which 29 had undergone prior barium meal follow through studies. In 86.2% of these cases POPC was found to be superior as compared to conventional studies. In 5 patients who could not retain Ba‐enema, POPC was performed as first line of investigation with 100% efficacy.
Review of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Bacterial Endocarditis in Relation to Radiological Procedures
Authors: O'CONNELL PAUL T. , PARTRIDGE JOHN B. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYAlthough the risk of endocarditis from radiological instrumentation is low, it is recommended that antibiotic cover is used for certain invasive procedures in patients at high risk. The barium enema is, in this context, included in procedures requiring cover. Prosthetic heart valves are particularly liable to infection.
Turtleback Liver on CT and Ultrasound: Schistosoma Japonica Revisited
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. , GANGULY BARRY S. , COOPER JOHN E. , FATAAR SHADLEY 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSchistosomiasis in its many forms still presents a major public health challenge. Its tendency to cause dystrophic calcification makes it ideal for radiologic study. With population movement the disease may be encountered in unexpected countries especially with the sensitivity of CT to the presence of calcium.S. japonica produces pathognomonic “turtleback” calcification in the liver, in association with hepatic fibrosis but not necessarily cirrhosis. This paper illustrates a classic case and reviews the literature.
Hydrometrocolpos: Diagnosis and Follow‐up by Ultrasound — A Case Report
Authors: SAWHNEY S. , GUPTA RENU , BERRY M. , BHATNAGAR V. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTHydrometrocolpos is accumulation of secretions in the vagina and uterus, caused by excessive intrauterine stimulation of the infant's cervical mucous glands by maternal oestrogen in the presence of an intact hymen (Wilson et al 1978). Hydrocolpos is dilatation of the vagina proximal to a congenital obstruction. If the uterus is also dilated, the condition is called hydrometrocolpos. Most cases of hydrocolpos are associated with an imperforate hymen that forms a thin bulging membrane between the labia.Though many cases of hydrometrocolpos have been reported in literature, there is no case report which shows classical ultrasound findings and follow up ultrasound scans to show the involuted uterus. We are presenting a case report whose diagnosis was established on ultrasound. This case highlights the value of ultrasound in diagnosing this condition and excluding other associated renal anomalies.
Holoprosencephaly (A Case Report)
Authors: ANAND RAMA , MAHAZAN HARSH , KHURANA RAMAN , CHANDNA NIRUPAMA , GARG UMESH , KAUL S.N. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTWe describe here a rare entity of Holoprosencephaly. The embryogenesis and the diagnostic aspects of this condition are highlighted.
Characteristic Appearances of Colonic Lipomas on Barium Enema: A Guide to Conservative Management
Authors: DAVIS S.J. , YOONG M.F.P. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe double contrast barium enema appearances of seven colonic lipomas are reviewed. These lesions have submucosal features: intact mucosa, sharp margination and obtuse angles between the lesion and the adjacent colonic wall, as well as features characteristic of lipomas: pliability and shape change, broad pedicles and spherical appearances en face. They can be differentiated from the more significant colonic adenomas and then CT scanned to establish a histological diagnosis. The need for colonoscopic or surgical excision of these predominantly asymptomatic lesions occurring in elderly patients can be considerably reduced.
Free Intra‐Peritoneal Gas — An Unusual Aetiology
Authors: SLONIM LEON , ROSS ANDREW 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe presence of free gas under one or both hemidiaphragms on an erect chest x‐ray is most frequently the result of recent abdominal surgery or, in the absence of such surgery, is almost always indicative of a perforated abdominal viscus. A case is reported of a patient in whom pneumoperitoneum was discovered incidently on a chest x‐ray following extensive pelvic manipulation for acute inversion of the uterus.
Melorheostosis of the Toe: A Case Report
Authors: SUDO AKIHIRO , OGIHARA YOSHIO , KUSANO ITSUO , UEMURA TOKUHIRO 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTA case of melorheostosis in a 57‐year‐old Japanese woman is presented. This case is noteworthy because of its unusual radiographic features and local findings and its unusually long follow‐up period of more than 29 years. Melorheostosis progresses very slowly over a long period of time, and can show bizarre features, simulating malignant tumor.
MRI of Lumbar and Sacral Plexus Nerve Sheath Tumours
Authors: BREIDAHL WILLIAM H. , KHANGURE MAKHAN S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSeven patients with peripheral nerve sheath tumours affecting the lumbo‐sacral plexus were examined with MR imaging utilizing a 1.5T magnet and spin echo pulse sequences. The majority of tumours were homogeneous in signal intensity and isointense with adjacent muscle on T1 weighted images and showed markedly increased signal intensity on T2 weighted images with central areas of relatively low signal intensity.An attempt to obtain a pathological correlation with the areas of low signal on T2 weighted images was unsuccessful.The use of Gadolinium DTPA in one patient resulted in irregular enhancement of both a neurogenic sarcoma and smaller neurofibromas.The multiplanar imaging capabilities, high soft tissue contrast, non‐invasiveness, lack of ionizing radiation and the characteristic appearance of neural tumours makes MR ideal for imaging these lesions.
Is What You See What You Get? Breast Specimen Handling Re‐visited
Authors: ROSE ALLISON , OSBORNE JONATHAN , WRIGHT GORDON , BILLSON VIRGINIA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTSpecimen radiography is already established as an essential adjunct to excisional biopsy of mammographically detected abnormalities.Two methods of specimen sectioning following the initial specimen radiograph are described. The techniques were devised to identify the lesion accurately in the specimen for subsequent pathological analysis. They have been tailored to suit the differing facilities at two Breast Screening Centres.The methods highlight the desirability of a cooperative multidisciplinary approach to the management of breast disease. They underline the importance of radiological localization of the lesion; not only for the surgeon, but also for the pathologist.
Modified Gianturco Arterial Stents—Preliminary Results in Iliac Arteries of Sheep
Authors: THOMSON K.R. , PATERSON R.T. , STEWART J.L. , McDONALD A.J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTModified Gianturco arterial stents were placed in the iliac arteries of 3 non‐atherogenic sheep. At three months after placement there was no evidence of migration of the stents or of excessive intimal overgrowth in relation to the stents.
Infra‐Hyoid Metastases in Supra‐Hyoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: COWAN I.A. , WELLS S.W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe CT scans of 71 patients with primary squamous cell tumours of head and neck sites were reviewed and compared with clinical examination in the assessment of lymph nodes above and below the hyoid. Above the hyoid, CT and clinical examination disagreed on the presence or absence of metastases in 13/42 cases (31%); below the hyoid where palpation is presumably easier, there was disagreement in 1 of 10 cases (10%). Abandoning infra‐hyoid scans to save scanner time would save only seven slices on average per case and it is possible that further, clinically silent lesions would be missed. We conclude that staging scans in head and neck cancer should continue to include the infra‐hyoid region. The inadequacies of existing knowledge based on clinical staging are discussed.
Computed Tomographic and Ultrasound Appearances of Focal Spared Areas in Fatty Infiltration of the Liver
Authors: McKENZIE A. , GILL G. , McINTOSH R. , HENNESSY O. , PRYDE D. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTComputed tomography (CT) and utrasound (US) appearances of diffuse and focal fatty infiltration of the liver (FIL) are well recognized. We have recently seen 10 cases with “fat spared” areas in FIL presenting as pseudo tumours of the liver.Characteristic appearances of fat free areas in FIL which help differentiate these areas from other focal liver lesions include (i) location in the medial segment of the left lobe of the liver, (ii) absence of mass effect on surrounding vessels and liver tissue, and (iii) presence of typical changes of FIL elsewhere in the liver on CT or US examination.
Nodal Recurrence in Primary Malignant Epithelial Turnours of the Parotid Gland
Authors: POULSEN MICHAEL G. , TRIPCONY LEE B. , KYNASTON BRUCE 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAn analysis has been made of the incidence of nodal recurrence in 237 patients with primary carcinoma of the parotid gland. Fifty eight patients (24.4%) developed nodal metastases; mostly in the cervical region. Eighteen of these metastases were within the radiation field and 13 were outside the radiation field. Factors which were predictive for nodal relapse were: Age > 60 years, T3 and T4 tumours, node metastases at initial presentation, and macroscopic disease at either the primary site or the nodal site. The complete response rate for treatment of nodal relapse was 19% and the partial response rate was 17.2%. The 5 year actuarial survival from the time of first presentation was 58%. The pattern of nodal recurrence in this study indicates that radiation portals should cover more than the first eschalon (upper deep cervical) nodes. Our current policy is to recommend elective irradiation of the lower cervical nodes in patients with primary parotid malignancies.
Antenatal Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Meckel Gruber Syndrome (A Case Report with Review of Literature)
Authors: VERNEKAR JEEVAN A. , MISHRA GOVlND KUMAR , PINTO R.G.W. , BHANDARI MILAN , MISHRA MEENAKSHI 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMeckel Gruber syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with major characteristic features consisting of occipital encephalocele, polydactyly and polycystic kidneys along with other associated malformation. Antenatal ultrasonic examination can establish the correct diagnosis by identifying at least two of the major features described. The antenatal ultrasonic findings and pathology of this uncommon entity are discussed.
Duplex Ultrasound Assessment of Extra Cranial Carotid Artery Disease: Its Introduction into a Radiology Department
Authors: MITCHELL PETER , GIBSON ROBERT , THOMSON KENNETH 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTDuplex Doppler ultrasound (DDU) is a non‐invasive and potentially accurate modality for assessing carotid bifurcation disease. It is however technically difficult and an appreciable learning curve has been identified. To assess the accuracy of DDU upon introduction into a radiology department with experienced sonographers and radiologists we reviewed the first twenty‐five (25) cases in patients, having both DDU and carotid angiography. Sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 81% were obtained for differentiating greater or less than 50% internal carotid artery diameter stenosis, and in detection of 80% or greater stenosis sensitivity and specificity were 83% and 100% respectively.We conclude that DDU is accurate when introduced into a department already competent in ultrasonography, with results being achieved similar to those reported from more experienced centres. Our results also support the appropriateness of the applied criteria for grading of carotid stenosis.
Adjuvant Post‐Operative Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer: Results from the ANZ Bowel Cancer Trial (Protocol 8202)
Authors: MAMEGHAN HEDY , GRAY BRUCE N. , ZWART JILL , RICHER RICHARD , BURNS IVON , HURLEY RON , IBISTER WILLIAM H. , REASBECK PHILIP , NEWSTEAD GRAHAM 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn July 1982 the Gastrointestinal Section of The Clinical Oncological Society of Australia began a multicentre randomized trial to assess the value of post‐operative pelvic radiotherapy in the local control of stage B and C carcinoma of the rectum. Patients who had undergone a potentially curative resection were randomized either to no further treatment (NO RT) or to pelvic radiotherapy (RT), 45 Gy in 25 fractions (plus a perineal boost of 5 Gy in 2 fractions after abdomino‐perineal resection).The trial was prematurely terminated in December 1985 owing to slow accrual after 70 patients had been randomized: 36 patients to RT and 34 patients to NO RT. Two patients in each group were found to be ineligible after randomization and, for a variety of reasons, thirteen patients who were randomized to RT did not receive that treatment. The incidences of post‐operative complications were comparable in both groups, indicating that radiotherapy produced no additional problems. Radiotherapy‐related morbidity comprised mainly diarrhoea (grade 1 = 2/21; grade 2 = 5/21; grade 3 = 0/21; grade 4 = 1/21). There were no deaths due to radiotherapy and only one patient, with grade 4 diarrhoea, failed to complete the prescribed course of radiotherapy. After an average follow‐up period of 52 months there were 15 local recurrences, 8 in the RT group and 7 in the NO RT group, giving an actuarial 2 year local recurrence rate of 16%. There was no difference in the time to local recurrence, either by randomization group (p=0.50) or by actual treatment received (p=0.91). Distant metastases occurred in 25 patients, 12 in the RT group and 13 in the NO RT group. Thirty one patients have died, 26 from cancer, 3 from intercurrent illness without evidence of cancer and two from surgical complications. There was no difference in survival time between the randomized groups: 16 deaths in the RT group and 15 deaths in the NO RT group (p=0.46). The only important factor predictive of local recurrence was age 65 years and over (p=0.002).
The Treatment of Low Grade Cerebral Astrocytomas by Radiotherapy in Queensland
Authors: FRANKLIN C. I. V. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe records of 108 adult patients with supratentorial low grade astrocytoma presenting between 1/1/80 and 31/12/87 were examined for the following factors which might affect survival: patient age, extent of surgical resection, site of tumour, tumour grade, radiation field size and radiation dose. Univariate analysis showed that patient age, field size and radiation dose were significant prognostic factors, but with multivariate analysis only patient age and radiation field size were significant independent variables. It is possible that field size is a proxy variable for tumour size.
A Mattress Suitable for Use with Tilting Tables in a Radiology Department
Authors: CAMERON D. 
Published: March 2008

SUMMARYIt has been possible to design a comfortable, yet highly practical mattress for use in general purpose screening rooms with tilt tables.Attention has been paid to materials and fittings and because it is easy for the staff to use it is in constant use. It has become an essential part of our equipment and has considerably improved the comfort of many procedures.
Mammographically Detected Microcalcifications Due to Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: ALBERTYN LYNDA E. , DREW ANTON C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMammographic detection and analysis of microcalcification is a key component in the detection of early breast cancer.A casting configuration or granular morphology has a strong association with malignancy. These are relatively easily recognised, but with the proliferation of mammographic screening, other varieties of calcification are being encountered which may pose diagnostic dilemmas.This case report describes the findings in a patient with Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum (PXE) who presented in this way. To our knowledge, this has not previously been documented. Such calcification is not usually visible on conventional radiographs.
Sonographic Diagnosis of a Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Incorporated within an Infected Pancreatic Pseudocyst
Authors: KEDAR R. P. , WAGLE A. S. , MERCHANT S. A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTIn pancreatitis the involvement of adjacent vessels resulting in pseudoaneurysm formation is well known, though quite rare (Gadacz 1978, Kadell & Riley 1967).The diagnosis is usually established on angiography or surgery. We report here a case where the diagnosis of a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm incorporated within an infected pseudocyst, was made sonographically.