bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zur Entwicklung der Eierstocks‐ und Eileiterarterien Japanischer Wachteln (Coturnix coturnix japonica) nach dem Schlupf
Authors: Hashimoto Y. , Vollmerhaus B. , Roos H. , Waibl H. , König H. E. , Vollmerhaus B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryOn the post‐hatching development of the arteries supplying the female reproductive organs of Japanese quailsA total of 57 Japanese quails of the following age groups were used for this study: 2 days, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks after hatching. Tensol cement for the corrosion casts was injected via the aortic arch.In the female Japanese quails, the A. ovarica (sinistra) to the ovar the following four arteries related to the oviduct were typically present: A. oviductalis cranialis, A. oviductalis cranialis accessoria, A. oviductalis media, and A. oviductalis caudalis.The A. oviductalis cranialis and A. oviductalis cranialis accessoria appeared first at the age of about 4 weeks and from then on developed uniformly. At the age of 5 weeks a surprisingly rapid development of the A. oviductalis media and A. oviductalis caudalis could be observed. Thus at the age of 6 weeks all four oviduct arteries were well developed and often demonstrated in the already laying (sexually mature) animals an enormous amount of hypertrophy.
Ultrastructural Morphology of Plasma Cells in Normal Ovine Hemal Lymph Nodes
Authors: Al‐Bagdadi Fakhri K. , Seger Cameron L. , Titkemeyer Charles W. , Archbald Louis F. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe fine structure of plasma cells from the hemal lymph nodes of five healthy sheep was examined. The plasma cells showed many cytoplasmic processes, indicating motility and phagocytic activity. They were randomly located in the medullary cords of the hemal lymph nodes. Their perinuclear spaces were irregular and contained granular material similar in density to that of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Some of the plasma cells provided morphological evidence of erythrophagocytosis at different levels. Such a phenomenon was previously reported only in pathological conditions. The red blood cell being engulfed by the plasma cell appeared smaller than normal. Most of the examined plasma cells showed Russell's Bodies inside the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the healthy hemal lymph nodes. Some of these Russell's Bodies had fuzzy borders. They were separated from the rough endoplasmic reticulum by evenly spaced halos.Many plasma cells showed physical contacts with mast cells in the form of cell junctions, and some showed cytoplasmic continuity between the two cells. Such relations have been discussed in this article.
Morphologie und Entwicklung der A. ovzrica. beim Rind in der Fetal‐ und Neonatalperiode2
Authors: Wyrost P. , Molenda O. , Radek J. , Radek T. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryMorphology and development of the bovine ovarian artery during the fetal and postnatal periodsDevelopment and morphology of the ovarian artery was studied in 106, 9–40 week‐old fetuses and 14, 2–14 day‐old calves. Different factors were considered such as time‐dependent position and mode of branching from the aorta, the course of the ovarian artery in relation to the ovarian vein, and the artery's secondary distribution. Marked developmental changes which in time disappeared, become more prominent, or were reduced, could be demonstrated.
Zur Topographie der Ventilebene des Herzens bei Pferd, Rind und Hund
Authors: Habermehl K.‐H. , Schmack K.‐H. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe topography at the level of the valves of the equine, bovine and canine heartsSome morphological features at the level of the valves of the canine, bovine and equine hearts have been compared and their functional importance in relation to the hearts' physiology has been discussed.
Le Muscle urétral (Musculus urethralis) du Veau mâle, données anatomiques, histologiques et morphométriques5
Authors: Wouk A. F. P. , Sautet J. Y. , Cabanie P. , van Haverbeke G. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe gross and microscopic anatomy and the morphometry of the Musculus urethralis in the male calfParts of the male urethra were examined topographically and microscopically in the male calf. The thickness and the straight course of the fibres of the urethral muscle could best be analyzed in the ventromedian region of the urethra. The results produced data on the surface area and the distribution of the two primary metabolic fibre types. This showed that the m. urethralis is capable of contracting quickly with predominantly anaerobic metabolism. The different relationships between type I and type II fibres could be determined also in relation to the position of the disseminate part of the prostate.
Radiological Study of the Movements of the Cervical Spine in the Dog Compared with Those in Man
Authors: Penning L. , Badoux D. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummarySix dogs were used for a radiological investigation of movement of the cervical vertebrae for comparison of range of motion, instantaneous centers of motion and patterns of flexion and extension with those determined for man. Five dogs were embalmed and one live dog was investigated under the influence of general anesthesia. All animals were adult with the exception of one of the embalmed animals. None of the animals exhibited any abnormalities of cervical vertebrae or intervertebral discs. It was demonstrated that range of motion of the dog cervical spine exceeds that of man, largely due to a greater flexion‐extension range of the atlanto‐occipital joint and of lateral flexion of the cranial and caudal cervical spine. Patterns of flexion and extension of the cranial and caudal cervical spine of the dog are similar to that of man with no differences in the location of centers for these movements. Other differences were primarily due to the organization of intervertebral articulations.These relationships are discussed in regard to the significance of individual groups of cervical muscles, joint functions and influence of movement on the spinal cord.
Observaciones en el punto de unión neuroectodermo‐ectodermo no neural en embriones de pollo en neurulación tratados con citocalasina B ≪in ovo≫
Authors: Fernandez‐Caso M. , Fernandez‐Alvarez J. G. , Chamorro C. A. , Paz P. de , Villar J. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryObservations in the point of union of the neuroectoderm with the nonneural ectoderm in chick embryos after treatment “in ovo” with cytochalasin B during neurulationTreatment of “in ovo” chick embryos with cytochalasin B during neurulation resulted in the failure of formation of the neural folds, producing an alteration in the point of union of the neuroectoderm with the nonneural ectoderm in its final development. This alteration consisted in the appearance of folding and superposition of both epithelia in this zone. The results support a possible role of the apical microfilaments in neuroectoderm and nonneural ectoderm in the process of neurulation.
Nuevas Aportaciones al Estudio Macroscopico y Ultrastructural de la Irrigacion Renal del Toro de Lidia
Authors: Layunta M.J. Blanquez , Roldan Martin , Gonzalez M. E. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA study of the ultrastructural and gross organization of the kidney vascular supply of the fighting bull (Toro de Lidia)A study of the ultrastructural and gross organization of the morphologic architecture of the arteries and veins of the kidney of the fighting bull (Toro de Lidia) was carried out through the study of 30 kidneys. These organs were perfused with polyvinyl followed by digestion in hydrochloric acid. The blood vessels were then described and illustrated through gross and scanning electron microscopic photography. Special attention was given to the organization of the glomerular and stellate veins.
Contribucion de los ramos ventrales cervicales a la inervacion de los Mm. rhomboideus, serratus ventralis y trapezius en los mamiferos domesticos. Part I: perro, gato y cerdo
Authors: Arias M. , Garcia C. , Ramos J. , Sandoval J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn consideration of the sparcity of data regarding the anatomic organization of the innervation of the Rhomboideus, Serratus ventralis and Trapezius muscles in the general veterinary literature, a study of the innervation of these muscles was carried out. This work was done in the dog, the cat and the pig. Nerves supplying these muscles were studied through gross dissection, and described in regard to their origin, distribution and termination. The conclusions present a discussion of the relationship of muscle innervation to the ascending and descending branches of the ventral rami of spinal nerves. The pattern of innervation is discussed in relationship to the embryologic development and function of these muscles.
Periodos del Desarrollo Intrauterino de los Compartimentos gástricos del Caprino (Capra hircus)1,2
Authors: Molinari E. , Jorquera B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIntrauterine developmental stages of the gastric compartments of the caprine (Capra hircus)A chronological and systematic scheme for intrauterine development stages of the composed stomach of caprine is proposed. Twenty one embryos (1.69 cm to 5.90 cm S. C.) and 16 fetuses (5.90 to 35 cm S. C.) for studying morphogenesis, histogenesis and relationships of gastric compartments were used. Six developmental stages were conventionally determined from the most relevant anatomical and histological characteristics.The first four stages are characterized by appearance of the different compartments, their morphological modifications and progressive positional changes until their semi‐final form and relations.The two last stages are characterized by histological differentiation of both the reticulum wall and abomasum mucosa. They can also be recognized by observing the volume relationships between rumen and abomasum. Comparative aspects with bovine and ovine intrauterine development are commented together with considerations concerning the unitary origin of the stomach compartments.
Vascularisation artérielle de l'intestin du Rat musqué (Ondatra zibethicus)
Authors: Bisaillon A. , Bousquet R. , Grenier A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe arterial vascularization of the intestines of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)This study is based on dissection of 12 adult muskrats whose arteries were injeced with latex. The main branching patterns of the cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries for the different segments of the gut are described. The position and the branching of the arteries of the muskrat are comparable to those of the laboratory rat and the American beaver. In general, the distribution patterns are reminiscent of the laboratory rat and less so of the American beaver.
The Neocortex of the Dog
Authors: Salazar I. , Pesini P. Ruiz , Troconiz P. Fdez. , Soriano J. Gonzalez , Alvarez P. Fdez. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis article describes the structural organization of the neocortex of the dog from purely morphological point of view. Series of 50 urn transverse sections were cut from the frozen right hemiencephala of adult greyhounds, stained by Nissl's method, and drawn. His's method was then used to construct life‐size lateral, dorsal and medial views of the hemiencephalon from 38 sections located at regular intervals. Once the cytoarchitectonic criteria to be used had been established on the basis of preliminary observations, all the sections of each hemiencephalon were examined microscopically and the cytoarchitectonic types observed in each mapped on the corresponding drawing. These maps were then projected onto lateral, dorsal and medial views of the whole hemiencephalon to produce a classical cytoarchitectonic map of the neocortex made up of 21 types, 7 of them agranular (with no inner granular layer), 2 dysgranular (with a granular layer with diffuse boundans) and the rest granular (with a well‐defined layer IV). Various areas of cortex whose characteristics were intermediate between those of adjoinin areas were classified in a residual typus intermedius.
The Ultrastructure of the Trophoblast Fossal Regions in the Pig Placenta During Pregnancy: Its Steroidogenic Features*
Authors: Czarnowska Elzbieta 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe fine structural changes of the trophoblast covering the fossae of the porcine placenta between the 21st day of pregnancy and term are described.Considering the characteristic features of cells, six morphological stages in the development of the fetal placental fossae were distinguished. Three types of trophoblast cells were recognized: light, dark and intermediates. The light cells were characterized by whorls of strongly convoluted SER channels, dense granules were sometimes associated with these whorls and by lipid droplets. They were particularly numerous in the second month and the last week of pregnancy.With the ultrastructural investigation, ultracytochemical and histochemical methods were used for the detection and localization of 3 β‐hydroxysterols and 3 β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.The localization of 3 β‐hydroxysterols was studied by the digitonin reaction adapted to electron microscopy by Ökrös (1968). The digitonin 3 β‐hydroxysteroid complexes were most numerous during the second month and last week of pregnancy. They were located mainly in contact with granules in the region of the SER whorls and in the matrix of mitochondria.The 3 β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity was investigated with the use of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroisoandrosterone as substrates. The enzyme activity in the trophoblast determined with dehydroepiandrosterone increased in the 52nd and 106th day of pregnancy. The cells of the fossae showed higher activity than that observed on the sides and tops of the folds. Lower activity was exhibited by dehydroepiandrosterone.The finding suggest that the trophoblast of the fossae is a region where synthesis of steroid hormones takes place and that the light cells are involved in this process. The results correspond to biochemical findings regarding progesterone and estradiol concentrations in the maternal and fetal circulation and estrogen distribution in fetal organs and placenta.
Density of Toruli Tactiles in the Japanese Monkey
Authors: Wakuri Hidekazu 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTwo Japanese monkeys of both sexes were examined for density of Toruli tactiles (TT) on the shaved skin stained with methylene blue solution. Each Torulus tactilis was located by the aid of a binocular loupe and marked with white lacquer. The distribution of marked TT was estimated by a mean of TT per 2cm square (2CS) of skin on the body surface. The results obtained are as follows. The mean per 2CS on the entire body surface was approximately 8.7 in the female specimen and approximately 10.0 in the male specimen. The density of distribution of TT was highest in the temporal and buccal areas, on the neck, loins and the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the arms and forearms. Density was moderate in the parieto‐occipital and gluteal areas, the back, the ventral surface of the cranial half of the trunk and the lateral surface of the thigh. Density was low, to near absence in the circumanal area, on the nose, upper eyelids, cars, ischial callosities, external genitals, palms and soles.
Centrifugal Fibers in the Chick Retina
Authors: Chmielewski C. E. , Dorado M. E. , Quesada A. , Geniz‐Galvez J. M. , Prada F. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThis work is a morhological study of the centrifugal fibers in the chick retina. We have classified these fibers in two types: type I centrifugal fibers and type II centrifugal fibers. Type I centrifugal fibers constitute a new model of axonic terminal in the birds retina. These fibers terminate exclusively in the inner plexiform layer where they show long tangential trajectories. Type II centrifugal fibers are coincident with classical ones previously described in the avian retina. With the Golgi method we describe new levels of terminations of these type II centrifugal fibers.
Hair Dye Effects on the Hair Coat and the Skin of the Dog: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Al‐Bagdadi F. K. , Ruhr L. P. , Archbald L. F. , Titkemeyer C. W. , Foil C. S. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryEight healthy dogs of mixed breeds with short hair coats were used in this study. The skin and the hair of a small area on the left side of the saddle region were dyed 80 times once every day with a permanent hair dye, Clairol Hair Dye Flaxen Blonde. The dyed regions were red and dry toward the last two weeks of the experiment. None of the dogs had abnormal hair shedding. Four of the dogs were restless, and their epidermis were parakeratotic and hyperkeratotic.The cuticular cells of the hair shafts of two dogs upon examination showed deep fractures at the lower part of the hair shaft. The fractures extended through the whole thickness of the cuticular cells leading to splitting of the hair shaft. Secondary hairs showed excessive peeling of their cuticle cells causing distortion and deterioration of the cortex of the hair. Cuticular cells of large numbers of hairs lost their apical parts and some of them were deformed due to partial dissolution attributed to the intensive use of the hair dye. The intensive usage of the hair dye on the compound type of hair coat of the dog caused damage to the hair shafts and to the skin in the form of irritation, dryness and parakeratosis of the epidermis. Also, some of the dogs became restless and hyperactive during the later part of the experiment.
Growth of Body Weight and Length of Bovine Fetuses
Authors: Szuba Z. , Kalisinska E. , Babula Z. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA. The weight (X) — Length (Y) relationship was studied on 302 Black‐White cattle fetuses (147 females and 155 males; weight range of 80—31,300 g).1. The relationship for all the fetuses examined (n # 302) is described by the regression equation and correlations coefficient (r): logY # 0.34 logX + 0.37; r = 0.93.2. The relationships in the consecutive growth periods are described by the following regression equations:I. early fetal period (n # 82; weight range 80–990g) logY # 0.37 logX + 0.71; r = 0.93;II. middle fetal perioda) (initial phase) (n # 88; weight range 1000–3490g) logY # 0.28 logX + 0.57; r = 0.82;b) (terminal phase) (n # 69; weight range 3500–7990g) logY # 0.37 logX + 0.26; r = 0.84;III. late fetal period (n # 63; weight range 8000—31,300g) logY # 0.36 logX + 0.31; r = 0.91.B. Regression coefficients calculated in the present work for the Black‐White cattle fetuses were compared with corresponding literature data for various cattle races, camel and water buffalo.
Osteología del Tepezcuinte (Cuniculus paca) Cinturas y Miembros
Authors: Quesada Rafael , Gloobe Hanan 
Published: June 2007

SummaryApendicular Skeleton of the Paca (Cuniculus paca)Six specimens (4 male and 2 female) were used to describe the apendicular skeleton of the paca. These animals were captured in various regions of Costa Rica and prepared for maceration and radiographic studies of skeletal structures. The results of this study are compared with those carried out in domestic carnivora.
Dermal‐Epidermal Relationships in the Skin of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncates)1
Authors: Stromberg M. W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryUsing a variety of methods the outer surface of the dolphin dermis presents as a rather regularly arranged series of mainly longitudinal and approximately parallel ridges which are surmounted by laterally flattened, regularly distributed dermal papillae. At variable intervals groups of dermal ridges are supported by shallow elevations referred to here as basal dermal elevations. These tend to contain vessels and/or nerves for distribution to two or more dermal ridges. The opposing epidermal surface reveals an irregularly edged series of nearly parallel epidermal ridges alternating with the grooves which in the living state contain the dermal ridges. In the depths of these grooves are the crypts which in the intact skin contain the dermal papillae. Nothing is observable which could correspond to the epidermal pegs referred to in the literature. Small irregular epidermal projections (knobs) appear along the free edge of the epidermal ridge. Topographical variations in density and height of dermal ridges, height of basal dermal elevation plus dermal ridge and papillae as well as total epidermal thickness are illustrated by means of skin maps. Inconsistencies in the literature on Cetacean skin are discussed.
An Immunohistochemical Study on the Embryonic Development of Renin‐containing Cells in the Mouse and Pig
Authors: Kon Y. , Hashimoto Y. , Kitagawa H. , Kudo N. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe prenatal occurrence and distribution of renin‐containing (RC) cells were investigated immunohistochemically in mouse and pig embryos.The RC cells of the mouse embryo were first observed at the 13th day of gestation at the walls of the renal, the mesonephric, the adrenal, the abdominal arteries, the adrenal glands and the testis. As the gestation of the mouse progressed, the RC cells had a tendency to localize in areas of the vascular pole of the metanephric glomerulus. In pig, when CRL was 0.8–2.0cm, RC cells first appeared at the ventral walls of the dorsal aorta, the omphalo‐mesenteric (i.e., the cranial mesenteric), the mesonephric, the mesonephric afferent glomerular arteries/arterioles and the inside of the mesonephric glomenilus. As the length of the pig embryo increased, no renin‐immunoreactivity could be demonstrated at the degenerated mesonephros, while in the metanephros marked immunoreactivities were found only at the terminal regions of intralobular arteries, i. e., afferent arterioles or the vascular pole of the glomerulus.
The M. soleus in the Domestic Dog (Canis familiaris)
Authors: Spoor C. F. , Badoux D. M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn six among a series of forty hind limbs of the domestic dog, the M. flexor digit, superficialis revealed an additional head, which otherwise manifests itself as a tendonless muscular slip, fused with the superficial digital flexor. The comparative anatomy of the M. soleus in various terrestrial carnivores leads to the conclusion that this additional head and the homologue muscular slip represent the M. soleus.
Muscle Fibre Composition of the Bovine Tail: A Pilot Study
Authors: Young O. A. , Kenrick Paula M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA bovine tail was cross‐sectioned at four vertebrae, to expose its muscles – dorsal extensors, ventral flexors and the lateral flexors that pass between the transverse processes. Muscle cross‐sectional areas were measured at these faces and muscle sections were stained to distinguish slow and fast fibre types. From the muscle and fibre area data and fibre type occurrences, preliminary conclusions are drawn about the role of different muscles. The tail as a model for muscle studies is briefly discussed.
Anatomical and Radiological Observations of the Sesamoid Bone of the Popliteus Muscle in the Adult Dog and Cat
Authors: McCarthy P. H. , Wood A. K. W. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryIn a random selection of 50 adult dogs (25 males and 25 females) and 50 adult cats (25 males and 25 females), the incidence of ossification of the sesamoid structure of the popliteus muscle was characterized through anatomical dissection and radiographie techniques. The incidence of ossification was 84% in the dogs and 100% in the cats. In both anatomical and radiologie studies, it was demonstrated that when the knee was fully extended, the sesamoid bone was adjacent to the caudodistal part of the articular surface of the lateral tibial condyle in both dogs and cats. When the knee was flexed, the sesamoid bone articulated progressively with the more craniodorsal part of the tibial articular surface and when full flexion is obtained, it articulated with the articular part of the lateral surface of the lateral meniscus. The probable functions of the sesamoid bone are discussed.