bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α‐Ketosäuren in Proteinhydrolysaten
Authors: Franck Burchard , Knoke Jürgen 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Untersuchung von Proteinhydrolysaten auf α‐Ketosäuren ergab, daß weitere β‐Hydroxy‐α‐aminosäuren außer Serin und Threonin als Proteinbausteine mengenmäßig auch dann nicht in Betracht kommen, wenn man deren Hydrolysenempfindlichkeit berücksichtigt. In den Hydrolysaten von Seidenfibroin, Zein, Gelatine, Casein, Blutalbumin und Eieralbumin wurden nur Brenztraubensäure und α‐Ketobuttersäure, die Umwandlungsprodukte von Serin und Threonin, nachgewiesen.
Über Anomale Quartäre Salze von o‐Aminophenolen (Semiphenolbetaine)
Authors: Pfleger Robert , Waldmann Karl 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird über die Bildung anomaler diquartärer Salze von o‐Aminophenolen berichtet, die nur ein Säureäquivalent auf zwei Ammoniogruppen enthalten. In Abhängigkeit vom Molekülbau werden sie entweder aus entsprechenden normalen Salzen erhalten oder entstehen spontan bereits bei der Quartärisierung der o‐Aminophenole. Die anomalen diquartären Salze besitzen eine halbbetainartige Struktur. m‐Aminophenole und gewisse o‐Aminophenole geben keine anomalen Salze.
Über die Hydrierend‐Hydrolytische Aufspaltung von 2‐Thio‐Hydantoinen Zu α‐N‐Formyl‐Aminosäureamiden
Authors: Behringer Hans , Schmeidl Karl 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Entschwefelung von 5‐monosubstituierten sowie von 5‐Aryliden‐ oder Alkyliden‐2‐thio‐hydantoinen (V bzw. VII) mit Raney‐Nickel in feuchtem Tetrahydrofuran ergibt α‐N‐Formyl‐aminosäureamide (VI), welche schon unter milden Bedingungen sauer oder alkalisch zu α‐Aminosäuren verseift werden.
Darstellung von Kondurit‐D Durch Diensynthese
Authors: Criegee Rudolf , Becher Pauline 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAus 1.4‐Diacetoxy‐butadien und Vinylencarbonat wurde ein Addukt erhalten, dessen Verseifung zum „all‐cis”︁‐Cyclohexentetrol führte. Die Konfiguration wurde durch Abbau zu Alloschleimsäure sowie durch Überführung in Alloinosit bewiesen.
Über die Einwirkung von N‐Substituierten Säureamiden auf Isocyanate, I
Authors: Logemann Willy , Artini Dominico 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs werden die Reaktionsprodukte beschrieben, die sich bei der Einwirkung von Sulfo‐isocyanaten auf N‐Cyclohexyl‐formamid bilden. In der Kälte läßt sich eine Verbindung isolieren, deren Konstitution noch nicht eindeutig feststeht. Aus ihr bildet sich in der Wärme unter Kohlendioxyd‐ Abspaltung ein substituiertes Amidin. Durch Säure oder Alkali wird sie zu einem substituierten Harnstoff verseift. Bei der Reaktion zwischen p‐Toluolsulfonyl‐isocyanat und N‐disubstituierten Säureamiden kann man nur die entsprechenden Amidine isolieren.
Studien in der Vitamin D‐Reihe, XXIV. Photo‐Isomerisierung der trans‐Vitamine D2 und D3 ZU den Vitaminen D2 und D3
Authors: Inhoffen Hans Herloff , Quinkert Gerhard , Hess Hans‐Jürgen , Hirschfeld Horst 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie 5.6‐trans‐Vitamine D2 und D3 wurden mit durch Glas gefiltertem Quecksilberdampflicht in die 5.6‐cis‐Vitamine D2 und D3 umgewandelt.
Über Einschlußverbindungen, XI. Gesetzmässigkeiten bei der Bildung von Addukten der Cyclodextrine
Authors: Cramer Friedrich , Henglein Friedrich Martin 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Darstellung von Einschlußverbindungen der Cyclodextrine mit organischen Molekülen wird beschrieben. Aus einem großen Versuchsmaterial lassen sich folgende Aussagen treffen: 1. Die Verbindungen zeigen konstante Molverhältnisse. ‐ 2. Entscheidend für die Verbindungsbildung ist die Größe des Gastmoleküls. ‐ 3. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit unseren gegenwärtigen Vorstellungen über die Raumerfüllung organischer Moleküle und ihre van der Waalsschen Radien in allen Einzelheiten überein.‐ 4. Darüber hinaus besteht in besonderen Fällen eine „chemische Affinität”︁ zwischen Hohlraum und Gast, die sich in einem ganzzahligen Molverhältnis ausdrückt.
Über Einschlußverbindungen, XII. Verbindungen von α‐Cyclodextrin mit Gasen
Authors: Cramer Friedrich , Henglein Friedrich Martin 
Published: May 2007

Abstractα‐Cyclodextrin bildet mit Gasen bestimmter Molekelgröße sehr beständige Einschlußverbindungen, bei denen die Gasmoleküle (Cl2, Kr, X, O2, CO2, Kohlenwasserstoffe) in die Hohlräume der Ringmoleküle eingelagert werden.
Pteridine, I. Über 2.4‐Dioxo‐Tetrahydropteridine
Authors: Pfleiderer Wolfgang 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, daß das Lumazin in wäßrigem Medium als 2.4‐Dioxo‐tetra‐hydropteridin zu formulieren ist. Die Ionisation der H‐Atome erfolgt in erster Stufe vom N‐1‐ und in zweiter vom N‐3‐Atom.
Über das Unterschiedliche Verhalten von 2.4‐Dichlor‐Anisol und 2.4‐Dichlor‐Phenol bei der Kondensation mit Aldehyden
Authors: Riemschneider Randolph , Cohnen Walther 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEs wird gezeigt, daß 2.4‐Dichlor‐anisol – im Gegensatz zum 2.4‐Dichlor‐phenol – in Gegenwart von sauren Kondensationsmitteln mit Formaldehyd und Chloral nicht nur in o‐Stellung, sondern auch in m‐Stellung zur Methoxy‐gruppe kondensiert.
Über Bicyclo‐[0.3.3]‐octane, III. Zur Kenntnis des 2.4‐Diphenyl‐Bicyclo‐[0.3.3]‐Octandiols‐(1.2); Bleitetraacetatspaltung und Pinakolinumlagerung
Authors: Paul Heinz 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie Reduktion von 1‐[α‐Phenyl‐β‐benzoyl‐äthyl]‐cyclopentanon‐(2) (la) liefert unter innermolekularer Pinakonbildung das 2.4‐Diphenyl‐bicyclo‐[0.3.3]‐octan‐diol‐(1.2) (II), dessen Spaltung mit Bleitetraacetat zu Ib, einem Diastereomeren von la, führt. lb liefert bei gleichartiger Reduktion das 2.4‐Diphenyl‐bicyclo‐[0.3.3]‐octandiol‐(1.2) zurück. – Wasserabspaltung ergibt aus II unter Pinako‐linumlagerung das 1.4‐Diphenyl‐bicyclo‐[0.3.3]‐octanon‐(2) (IV).
Mittlere Ringe, XIV. Darstellung und Cyclisierung der ω‐[Naphthyl‐(2)]‐Fettsäuren
Authors: Huisgen Rolf , Rietz Ulrich 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDie genannten Carbonsäuren schließen bis zur ω‐[β‐Naphthyl]‐heptylsäure bei der intramolekularen Acylierung in hoher Verdünnung den Ring zu Naphtho‐[2′.1′:1.2]‐cyclen‐(I)‐onen‐(3) (V). Die Acylierung der höheren homologen Säuren erfolgt vorzugsweise heteronuclear in Position 8 zu 1′‐Oxo‐1.7‐poly‐methylen‐naphthalinen (VI), daneben in Stellung 6 zu 1′‐Oxo‐2.6‐polymethylen‐naphthalinen (VIII). Die sterische Mesomeriehinderung in diesen neuen Ringketonen wird an Hand von UV‐Spektren und polarographischen Halbwellen‐potentialen diskutiert.
Über eine Umsetzung von 1.3.5‐Trinitro‐Benzol mit Phloroglucin in Alkalischer Lösung, I
Authors: Severin Theodor 
Published: May 2007

Abstract1.3.5‐Trinitro‐benzol und Phloroglucin setzen sich in alkalischer Lösung zu einer tricyclischen Verbindung um; deren Konstitution wird diskutiert.
Acylierung aktiver Methylengruppen, I. Eine Neue Isoflavonsynthese
Authors: Farkas Lorand 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDurch Umsetzung von [2‐Hydroxy‐phenyl]‐benzyl‐ketonen mit Zn(CN)2 in Gegenwart von Chlorwasserstoff. Hydrolyse der gebildeten β‐Ketoaldimine zu β‐Ketoaldehyden und α‐Hydroxymethylen‐ketonen und Ringschluß der letzteren wurden in einem Arbeitsgang 7‐Hydroxy‐isoflavone mit 30 60‐proz. Ausbeute dargestellt.
Initial treatment patterns and outcome of contemporary prostate cancer patients with bone metastases at initial presentation
Authors: Ryan Charles J. , Elkin Eric P. , Cowan Janet , Carroll Peter R. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The current study utilized the CaPSURE disease registry to describe the natural history, initial treatment, and factors correlated with mortality in patients who were diagnosed with bony metastatic disease (M+) at the time of initial presentation.METHODS.Treatment patterns at the time of diagnosis were analyzed. Two Cox proportional hazards models were developed, with outcomes of all cause‐specific mortality and prostate cancer‐specific mortality in patients with M+ disease. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were included in a backward stepwise procedure to identify predictors of mortality.RESULTS.Of 12,005 patients diagnosed between 1990–2004, 284 (2.4%) were diagnosed with M+ disease. After a median follow‐up period of 3.8 years, 107 patients (39%) died. Of those who died, 68 (64%) died of causes related to prostate cancer, whereas 39 (36%) had died of causes not related to prostate cancer. The 5‐year survival of all patients was 71% and the median survival had not been reached at the time of last follow‒up. Approximately 84% of patients received some form of hormonal therapy within 6 months of diagnosis, the use of which increased throughout the study period. Prostate cancer‐specific mortality was found to be correlated with the presence of comorbid illness, younger age at diagnosis, and a Gleason score >7 in the primary tumor.CONCLUSIONS.Patients with M+ prostate cancer have a protracted natural history and a median survival that exceeds 5 years. Hormonal therapy is the mainstay for such patients. Comorbid illness, young age at diagnosis, and cancer grade appear to negatively affect the disease‐specific survival. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Stereotactic single‐dose radiotherapy (radiosurgery) of early stage nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Hof Holger , Muenter Marc , Oetzel Dieter , Hoess Angelika , Debus Juergen , Herfarth Klaus 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The clinical results after stereotactic single‐dose radiotherapy of nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stages I and II were evaluated.METHODS.Forty‐two patients with biopsy‐proven NSCLC received stereotactic radiotherapy. Patients were treated in a stereotactic body frame and breathing motion was reduced by abdominal compression. The single doses used ranged between 19 and 30 Gy/isocenter.RESULTS.After a median follow‐up period of 15 months (range, 1.5–72 months) the actuarial overall survival rates and disease‐free survival rates were 74.5%, 65.4%, 37.4%, and 70.2%, 49.1%, 49.1% at 12, 24, and 36 months after therapy, respectively. The actuarial local tumor control rates were 89.5%, 67.9%, and 67.9% at 12, 24, and 36 months after therapy, respectively. A significant difference (P = .032) in local tumor control was found for patients receiving 26–30 Gy (n = 32) compared with doses of less than 26 Gy (n = 10). The effect of the tumor volume on local tumor control was also evaluated. Although the difference was not statistically significant (P = .078), the subgroup of tumors with a tumor volume of less than 12 cm3 (n = 10) experienced no tumor recurrence. Thirteen (31%) patients developed metastases during follow‐up, whereas isolated regional lymph node recurrence was only encountered in 2 patients. No clinically significant treatment‐associated side effects were documented.CONCLUSIONS.Stereotactic single‐dose radiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with early stage NSCLC not suitable for surgery. Especially for small tumor volumes it seems to be equally effective as hypofractionated radiotherapy, while minimizing the overall treatment time. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Distributed object‐based software environment for urban system integrated simulation under urban‐scale hazard—Part II: Application
Authors: Hassanien Serror M. , Inoue Junya , Hori Muneo , Fujino Yozo , Ichimura Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA software prototype of a simulation service software environment, called DOSE (distributed object‐based software environment), is developed to realize the integrated simulation of an urban system under the risk of urban‐scale hazards such as earthquakes. DOSE infrastructure is built on three basic building blocks, namely: modularity, scalability, and interoperability. In this paper, the application of DOSE to real‐world urban systems is described in order to provide an evidence for DOSE modularity and scalability. An overview of DOSE is presented and then followed by a beverage application to simulate earthquake hazard in an urban system. The urban system is developed for the city of Kobe (Kobe district) with dimensions of 700 × 500 (m) and Bunkyo ward (Tokyo district) with dimensions of 800 × 600 (m) where DOSE simulation participants are identified for each district. The effectiveness of data exchange among different participants through a distributed service exchange network is described as an evidence for DOSE modularity that facilitates the integration process. On the other hand, the effectiveness of processing time when applying the simulation to different urban system sizes and/or using different third‐party applications is described as an evidence for DOSE scalability. The details of the underlying infrastructure of DOSE are beyond the scope of this paper and are presented in an accompanying paper work. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the performance of SCF in seismic isolation of the interior equipment of buildings
Authors: Hamidi M. , El Naggar M. H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe dynamic response of equipment mounted on an isolated raised floor inside a building while the primary fixed base structure is subjected to harmonic and earthquake ground motions is numerically investigated. Sliding concave foundation (SCF) system is utilized for isolating the raised floor. The equations of motion for a MDOF shear building containing a SCF isolated raised floor with a mounted equipment are developed and the rigid link method is utilized to handle the non‐linearity of the system. The equipment, which can be modelled as a SDOF or MDOF system, may represent a critical computer unit or telecommunication processing system. SCF can be used easily to achieve the desired long period, necessary for protecting sensitive equipment. In this investigation, the ability of SCF in reducing the acceleration level experienced by the equipment inside a building is demonstrated while the lateral displacement is still within an acceptable range. The analysis considered the case of equipment housed in the upper floors of a building where the acceleration is amplified and the motion contains strong components at long periods. For this purpose, different excitations including both harmonic and real earthquake ground motions are employed and the performance of the system is evaluated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seismic response of three‐dimensional r/c multi‐storey frame building under uni‐ and bi‐directional input ground motion
Authors: Magliulo Gennaro , Ramasco Roberto 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with seismic analysis of plan‐asymmetric r/c frame multi‐storey buildings. Non‐linear numerical analyses are carried out by using a lumped plasticity model for beams and a multi‐spring model for columns, the latter one introduced to account for axial force–biaxial bending moment interaction. A comparison between numerical analyses and experimental test results is reported in order to calibrate the numerical model, showing that the adopted model is very suitable. In order to study the effects of the earthquake orthogonal component, the seismic response of the modelled structure under uni‐directional excitation is compared to the one under bi‐directional excitation. Such comparison shows that the maximum base shear and the top displacement are not very sensitive to the presence of the orthogonal component, which, conversely, leads to large increase in the column plastic excursions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kernel estimation as a basic tool for geomorphological data analysis
Authors: Cox Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractKernel estimation, based on the convolution of a probability density function with a set of magnitudes or event dates, provides tuneable smooth pictures of probability density functions and event intensity functions. Such pictures are in several respects superior to those provided by histograms, box plots, cumulative distributions or raw plots. They permit examination of broad features and fine structure, are readily produced with modest computational effort and are essentially free of artefacts arising from binning. Examples are given using data on cirque lengths, limestone pavements, glacier areas and dated flood deposits. The technique deserves widespread use in geomorphology and allied sciences. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rituximab monotherapy is highly effective in splenic marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Kalpadakis C , Pangalis GA , Dimopoulou MN , Vassilakopoulos TP , Kyrtsonis M‐C , Korkolopoulou P , Kontopidou FN , Siakantaris MP , Dimitriadou EM , Kokoris SI , Tsaftaridis P , Plata E , Angelopoulou MK 
Published: May 2007

AbstractSplenectomy has traditionally been considered as a standard first line treatment for splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) conferring a survival advantage over chemotherapy. However it carries significant complications, especially in elderly patients. The purpose of this retrospective study was to report our experience on the efficacy of Rituximab as first line treatment in 16 consecutive SMZL patients, diagnosed in our department. The diagnosis was established using standard criteria. Patients' median age was 57 years (range, 48–78). Prior to treatment initiation all patients had splenomegaly, nine had anemia, five lymphocytosis, five neutropenia and six thrombocytopenia. Rituximab was administered at a dose of 375 mg/m2/week for 6 consecutive weeks. The overall response rate was 100%. After treatment, all patients had a complete resolution of splenomegaly along with restoration of their blood counts. Eleven patients (69%) achieved a CR, three (19%) unconfirmed CR and two (12%) a PR. Among the complete responders seven patients had also a molecular remission. The median time to clinical response was 3 weeks (range, 2–6). Rituximab maintenance was given to 12 patients. Eleven of them had no evidence of disease progression after a median follow‐up time of 28.5 months (range, 14–36), while two out of four patients who did not receive maintenance, relapsed 7 and 24 months after the completion of induction treatment. Median follow‐up time for the entire series was 29.5 months (range, 15–81). No deaths were recorded during the follow‐up period. Therapy was well tolerated. The present study demonstrates that rituximab is an effective treatment for SMZL and could be considered as a substitute or alternative to splenectomy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personnel administration and the will to manage
Authors: Patten Thomas H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHow many personnel managers start with a will to manage and unremittingly stay with it? How many give up, and retreat to the personnel technology of recordkeeping and filling out forms? Advances in the behavioral sciences and new conceptions of the personnel manager's role allow us to redefine the personnel job–all we need is more of the will to manage.
Training the hard core unemployed through positive reinforcement
Authors: Beatty Richard , Schneier Craig E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractOperant conditioning, because it lets trainees learn a new task's component behaviors at their own pace, is especially well‐suited to training the hard‐core unemployed–better than the “conventional” methods we are using today. It requires no special equipment, personnel, or spatial accommodations. And management can predict, limit, and control the cost of the training program.
Autonomy in the industrial R&D lab
Authors: Bailyn Lotte 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis article distinguishes between “strategic autonomy” (the freedom to set one's own research agenda) and “operational autonomy” (the freedom, once a problem has been set, to attack it by means determined by oneself, within given resource constraints). The article argues, and presents some preliminary corroborating data, that technical careers in the R&D lab should start lower on strategic than on operational autonomy, that operational autonomy should show initial fairly rapid increase, which should be followed by increases in strategic autonomy, and that thereafter a number of different career paths should be available for technical employees. Most labs, however, seem to espouse a philosophy of strategic autonomy combined with operational controls, which creates dilemmas and contradictions in the technical career, particularly at its start. It is proposed that these two aspects of autonomy can usefully be thought of as a two‐dimensional grid. Different positions on this grid seem to fit with different orientations and different tasks, and require different strategies for career management. The article ends with a discussion of these management implications.
Technical professionals, technical managers and the integration of vocational consciousness
Authors: Hill Raymond E. , Collins‐Eaglin Jan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis article reports on a study of technical professionals and technical managers in research and development laboratories. The basic premise which derives from John Holland's theory of vocational choice is that stable personality characteristics are associated with the different groups, and that these stable differences create an adaptive differentiation between the two groups. It is further suggested that this system of differentiated persons and occupational roles results in a partial key to the dilemma of autonomy versus control in organizations.
Reward strategies for attracting, evaluating, and retaining professionals
Authors: von Glinow Mary Ann 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA typology of the design of organizational reward systems that explicitly addresses attraction, evaluation, and retention of valued professionals is offered within four cultural contexts: the Apathetic Culture, the Caring Culture, the Exacting Culture, and the Integrative Culture. The strategic design of reward systems is one of the most critical but least understood phenomena in corporate America today. The special case of the autonomy‐seeking professional is discussed and implications for strategic reward system change efforts are made.
The concept of professionalism and the management of salaried technical professionals: A cross‐national perspective
Authors: Gerpott Torsten J. , Domsch Michel 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBased on a conceptual cross‐national framework, the authors demonstrate how differences in a nation's prevailing beliefs about professionalism can affect national practices in managing technology and technical professionals. In the United States, the notion of professionalism has led in some cases to vertical polarization within the firm, a lack of adequate technical training among managers, an overuse of operational control of professionals, an over‐emphasis on breakthrough technology, and a de‐emphasis on practical production technologies. The authors conclude that a balanced view of professionalism can enhance a nation's competitive position.
Shared values make a difference: An empirical test of corporate culture
Authors: Posner Barry Z. , Kouzes James M. , Schmidt Warren H. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIs the recent popular management literature on corporate culture and cultural values just a passing fad or is it highlighting some fundamental organizational realities? The results from a recent nationwide survey of American managers shows, we are convinced, that clearly articulated organizational values do make a significant difference in the lives of employees, as well as in their organization's performance. This article is an effort to integrate this broad‐based data on individual managers' values with the reported experience of successful organizations that pay careful attention to their culture. It also offers ideas on how human resource managers can facilitate the alignment of personal and organizational values.