bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Augmentations to Psychological Therapies in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pennesi Jamie-Lee , Johnson Catherine , Radunz Marcela , Wade Tracey D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose of Review: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the use and efficacy of acute augmentation therapies in eating disorders. We were interested to understand the range of augmentations used and whether augmentation made a psychological therapy for eating disorders more effective.
Recent Findings: A meta-analysis addressing this topic across psychological disorders found augmentation significantly improved psychological therapies with strongest findings for augmentations targeting biological mechanisms. The meta-analysis, however, only included one paper examining people with eating disorders.
Summary: Our systematic review identified 29 studies, with a subset of 17 randomised trials (N = 1179, 95.9% female) included in the meta-analysis. We found a significant effect of acute augmentations to psychological therapy on eating disorder outcomes (Hedges’ g = 0.16, 95% CI: [0.04, 0.29]). Acute augmentation looks to be a promising approach, but more studies are required to identify specific augmentations for different groups.
Disentangling the taxonomy of Parides burchellanus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and related taxa
Authors: Freitas André , Brevignon Christian R. , Silva-Brandão Karina Lucas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
With eight described taxa, the “panthonus clade” of Parides Hübner, [1819] has been the subject of some recent taxonomic rearrangements, including the number of species that composed this clade. Based on new molecular data, including sequences of the type species of the two putative species of this group, namely Parides burchellanus (Westwood, 1872) and P. panthonus panthonus (Cramer, 1780), a new phylogenetic hypothesis is presented to this clade. The obtained phylogeny recovered the “panthonus clade” monophyletic and divided in two sub-clades. Based on this tree and genetic distances, the “panthonus clade” is composed by two species: 1) P. burchellanus, which has no recognized subspecies, and 2) P. panthonus (Cramer, 1780), with seven described subspecies. The present study provided significant contributions towards the systematics of the “panthonus clade”. As such, this marks an important first step towards supporting future studies of the ecology, biogeography, and species conservation within this clade.
Synthesis and evaluation of tannin-thiosemicarbazide-formaldehyde resin for selective adsorption of silver ion from aqueous solutions
Authors: Sun Xubing , Yin Shiyu , You Yaohui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In order to anchor chelating groups with nitrogen and sulfur atoms on tannin, a novel adsorbent (Tannin-thiosemicarbazide-formaldehyde resin) was prepared through Mannich reaction by using blank wattle tannin, thiosemicarbazide and formaldehyde as raw materials. And the adsorption behavior of Ag+ from aqueous solution on the resin was evaluated in batch adsorption experiments. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR) and elemental analyzer were applied to verify the successful immobilization. The surface morphology, thermal stability and pore structure of the resin were also characterized. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm of Ag+ on the resin was described well by the Freundlich model. The Ag+ adsorption equilibrium achieved within 180 min and the kinetic data were fitted better by the Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation in comparison with the Pseudo-first-order and Intraparticle diffusion equations. The adsorption capacity increased first and then trended to be stable with the increase of pH ranging from 1.0 to 7.0 and the resin exhibited high selectivity toward Ag+ in relation to Pb2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and Ca2+. After three cycles of regeneration and reuse, the adsorption capacity was 1.68mmol/g (84.0% of removal efficiency). Based on the experimental results and various characterization instruments, the adsorption mechanism of Ag+ on the resin was attributed to inner-sphere complexation and chelation between Ag+ and multi-electron-rich atoms ( N, O, and S), in which S atom played the most important role.
Pattern and predictive factors of occult contralateral central lymph node metastases in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma with ipsilateral clinical lymph node metastasis
Authors: Liu Chunhao , Zhao Hao , Lu Ying , Xia Yu , Liu Ziwen , Chen Ge , Liu Yuewu , Liu Shuzhou , Gao Luying , Li Xiaoyi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
No significant difference in disease-specific survival and recurrence-free survival exists between papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients with high-risk features subjected to lobectomy and thyroidectomy. However, it is unclear which type of patients with unilateral PTC combined with ipsilateral clinical involved lymph nodes (cN1) can receive a less aggressive treatment.
Methods
We collected the medical records of 631 patients diagnosed with unilateral PTC and ipsilateral cN1. These patients initially underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral central lymph node dissection (LND), with or without lateral LND. We conducted an analysis to investigate the associations between contralateral occult central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) and clinicopathologic factors.
Results
The proportion of contralateral occult CLNM was 38.9%. age ≤ 45 years, tumor diameter > 1 cm, obesity, and involvement of lymph node regions ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for contralateral occult CLNM. Multifocality and ipsilateral neck high-volume lymph node metastases were independent risk factors among the postoperative pathological factors. A predicting model was developed to quantify the risk of each factor, which revealed that patients without any of the risk factors mentioned above had a 20–30% probability of contralateral occult CLNM, whereas the probability was greater than 60% when all factors were present.
Conclusion
Although the rate of contralateral occult CLNM was not low in patients with unilateral PTC combined with ipsilateral cN1, the scope of surgery could be reduced for non-obese patients with over 45 years old, tumor diameter ≤ 1 cm, and only one preoperative lymph node region involved.
Lasmiditan Ameliorates Serotonergic Itch in Mice: Possible Involvement of 5-HT1F Receptors
Authors: Afrooghe Arya , Ahmadi Elham , Babaei Mohammadreza , Soltani Zahra Ebrahim , Elahi Mohammad , Shayan Maryam , Jafari Razieh Mohammad , Dehpour Ahmad-Reza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Previously, some allergic conditions involving pruritus have been linked to migraine, raising the possibility that migraine and itching may be governed by similar underlying mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of lasmiditan, a highly selective agonist of the 5-Hydroxytriptamin 1F receptor (5-HT1FR) and a recently approved medication for the treatment of migraine headaches, in ameliorating serotonergic itching.
Methods
Eight animals were randomly assigned to each of the study groups: (1) “Sham”: The sham group was given intradermal injections of normal saline (2) “Ctrl”: The control group was injected with intradermal doses of 5-HT, which was used to induce itching. (3) “Las 0.3”, “Las 1”, and “Las 3” groups: injected with 5-HT as well as intraperitoneal lasmiditan at different dose levels (0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg, respectively). scratching behavior was recorded for 60 minutes, and the skin tissue of three mice was sampled at the end of the behavioral experiment to assess the levels of TLR-4, IL-31, 5-HT1FR, CGRP & TRPV4.
Results
In the present study, we found that Lasmiditan when administered at 1mg/kg effectively reduced serotonin-induced itching compared to the “Ctrl” group (P < 0.0001). Following the administration of Lasmiditan (1mg/kg), the expression levels of the 5-HT2A receptor significantly increased (P < 0.01). Further, the levels of TLR-4, IL-31, CGRP & TRPV4 were substantially reduced upon the administration of Lasmiditan (1mg/kg).
Conclusions
We found that Lasmiditan is effective in reducing serotonergic itch in mice through its interaction with the 5-HT1F receptor in the skin tissue of mice.
The impact of fetal gender on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in twin gestation
Authors: Eliner Or , Schreiber Hanoch , Cohen Gal , Biron-Shental Tal , Kovo Michal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the influence of fetal gender on obstetric outcomes in twins based on their location in the uterus.
Study design: Retrospective study. Maternal and obstetrics outcomes were compared among three groups: male-male, female-female, and male-female groups. Comparison of neonatal outcomes was performed between four groups: male A-male B, male A-female B, and female A-male B, female A-female B groups.
Results: A total of 1073 twin gestations were included, comprising 288 male-male, 288 female-female, and 497 male-female groups. Higher rates for NICU admission were observed when fetus A was male compared to female. Adverse composite neonatal outcome was more common in the male-male group, compared to female-male group, and compared to female-female group.
Conclusion: Twin gestation with first twin male tends to have worse neonatal outcome compared to those with a first twin female. The presence of a male co-twin increases the risk of adverse outcome.
Trend and variability analysis of rainfall at Jaldhaka River Basin in the Himalayan Foreland, India
Authors: Das Mantu , Saha Snehasish 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Understanding the mechanics of future climate and land use requires an understanding of hydrological consequences, which include changes in soil usage. The study's analysis of rainfall data from 13 monitoring stations spread over the Jaldhaka River Basin on monthly, seasonal and annual time periods revealed the substantial temporal pattern. Using data from 1901 to 2022 (122 years) from thirteen IMD gridded stations spread over the Jaldhaka River Basin in India, the temporal variation and trends of the annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall distribution at the Himalayan Foreland were investigated. The nonparametric Mann-Kendal (MK) & modified Mann-Kendal (MMK) along with Sen’s non-parametric estimator of slope and Buishand U test were applied to detect trends and step change analysis, respectively. Three distinct time series' autocorrelation coefficients (ACCs) were computed at a one-time lag and assessed at the 95% significance level in order to apply the MMK test. Significant positive and negative trends have been noticed in the monthly, seasonal, and yearly rainfall time series in all 13 IMD gridded stations in and around the Indian Jaldhaka River Basin (JRB), according to the analysis's findings. In the ArcGIS 10.8 environment, the Thiessen polygon (TP) method was used to interpolate the spatial variation of the monthly, seasonal, and yearly rainfall time series data. In the Jaldhaka River Basin, rainfall patterns and variability study, together with accompanying maps, would be helpful to local stakeholders in organising the effective use of water resources.
Spatiotemporal Expression Patterns of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Receptors in Rat Testis and Epididymis throughout Postnatal Development
Authors: ÖZBEK Mehmet , BEYAZ Feyzullah , HİTİT Mustafa , ÖZTOP Mustafa , KARACA Harun , ERGÜN Emel , CABİR Ahmet , ERGÜN Levent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
VEGF signaling has a crucial role in regulating the differentiation and proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells, as well as controlling vascular permeability in the epididymis. VEGF primarily exert their effects by binding to VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. The objective of this work was to assess the expression of VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 in the rat testis and epididymis during postnatal development using immunohistochemical and Western blotting techniques. The presence of VEGF was exclusively observed in specialized germ cells subsequent to the elongated spermatid stage in the mature phase. VEGF expression was observed in Leydig cells at all phases of postnatal development, but only in mature Sertoli cells throughout the postpubertal and mature periods. Leydig cells demonstrated positive immunostaining for both VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, while Sertoli cells showed no positivity for either receptor. VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 expression was not observed in germ cells throughout the neonatal and prepubertal phases. VEGFR-1 expression was only present in germ cells at the elongated spermatid stage within the seminiferous tubules during the postpubertal and mature periods. Conversely, VEGFR-2 was detected in both elongated spermatids and spermatogonia. Different levels of VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 expression were found in different parts of the epididymis. This study reports a differential expression pattern of VEGF, VEGFR-1, and VEGFR-2 in the testis and epididymis during postnatal development. Puberty appears to have an essential impact on overall expression profiles of these proteins. More studies are required to better understand the functions of VEGF and its receptors in male reproductive physiology.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response Among Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulu Desta , assefa Mathewos , Kantelhardt Eva J. , Jemal Ahmedin , Kalayu Mebrahtu , Alemayehu Mussie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females in Ethiopia and in many parts of the world. In sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia, a high proportion of breast cancer patients present with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. LABC is primarily treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before surgery. There is, however no data on response rate and resectability of LABC after NACT in Ethiopia.
Methods: A retrospective study was applied to assess response and resectability of locally advanced breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Among 141 breast cancer patients evaluated by breast surgeons and oncologists at a breast multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic in Tikur Anbessa Hospital from September 2017 to August 2019, 63 patients were excluded because their tumors were resectable without down staging. Of these 78 patients with unresectable tumors, 27 patients were excluded from the study because they received <4 cycles of NACT or were lost to follow-up, leaving 51 patients for the final analysis. Patients were given either 4 cycles of NACT with doxorubicin (60mg/m2) + cyclophosphamide (600mg/m2) (AC) or 8 cycles of (4 cycles of AC + 4 cycles of paclitaxel (175mg/m2)) (AC – T) every 3 weeks. After chemotherapy patients were reevaluated at MDT for modified radical mastectomy. Demographic and clinical data were collected from patient charts and analyzed using SPSS 25 software.
Results: Among the 51 patients with LABC who received NACT, eleven patients (21.6 %) had complete clinical response (cCR), 31 patients (60.8 %) had partial clinical response (cPR), 3 patients (5.9 %) had stable disease (SD), and 6 patients (11.8 %) had progressive disease (PD). Forty-one patients (80.4 %) underwent mastectomy, and margin status was negative in 23 patients (56.1 %), positive in 16 patients (39 %) and unknown in 2 patients (4.9 %). Only 4 patients (9.8 %) had complete pathologic response (pCR) after NACT. Patients who received AC – T (NACT) had slightly significant overall clinical response rate (p = 0.099) and cCR (p = 0.037) compared to patients who received AC NACT.
Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with LABC in Ethiopia setting has significantly reduced tumor size in most patients, allowing modified radical mastectomy with clear margin. Eight cycles of chemotherapy have a slightly higher overall response rate and complete clinical response rate than 4 cycles.
The Effect of Dynamic Tape's Directional Support on Shoulder Fatigue and Pitching Performance in Amateur Baseball Players: A Randomized Crossover Trial Dynamic tape and shoulder fatigue
Authors: Huang Haw-Ming , Hsu Chih Yang , Hsu TingHsuan , Hsieh I-Fan , Yang Po-Chieh , Cheng Yu-Hsuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: To evaluate whether the application of Dynamic tape to the pitching shoulder could result in reduced shoulder fatigue, reduced delayed onset muscle soreness, or improved performance.
Methods:
This is a randomized crossover study, in which participants and investigators were blinded, included 20 amateur adult baseball players without shoulder pain. Sham taping and Dynamic taping were randomized, using an internal rotation support taping method in both groups. Bilateral shoulder strength and range of motion were measured with a handheld dynamometer and clinical goniometer before and after each test. The percentage of strength decrease, range of motion, pitch velocity, spin rate, and shoulder pain were recorded. The post-pitching decrease in strength and percentage of strength decrease were calculated by paired t-test and the pitching speed and spin rates in the innings for both the sham and Dynamic taping groups were analyzed using two-way ANOVA.
Results:
Compared with the sham group, the Dynamic tape group showed a significant decrease in internal rotation strength (-1.4% vs. 7.0%, p=0.03). However, no significant differences were observed in other strength declines, shoulder range of motion, pain, pitching velocity, or spin rate.
Conclusions: Dynamic tape reduced direction-specific shoulder fatigue but did not significantly enhance pitching performance or prevent delayed onset muscle soreness.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials: N201912094
Green extraction method: Microwave-assisted water extraction followed by HILIC-HRMS analysis for the characterization of the polar metabolome in plants
Authors: Louis Alexandra , Chich Jean François , Chepca Hadrien , Schmitz Isabelle , Hugueney Philippe , Maia-Grondard Alessandra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Hydrophilic compounds, such as amino-acids, organic acids and sugars among others, are present in large amounts in plant cells. Analysis and quantification of these major hydrophilic compounds is particularly relevant in plant sciences since they greatly impact the quality of plant-derived products and plant-pathogen relationship. Our objective was to develop and validate a complete analysis workflow combining microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC-HRMS) for quantitative analysis of these hydrophilic compounds in plant tissues.
Results: Water-based Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) methods for hydrophilic compounds were compared using HILIC-HRMS. The newly-developed method involved 20 s MAE extraction time followed by a 10 min HILIC-HRMS analysis. This bioanalytical method was validated for 24 polar metabolites, including amino-acids, organic acids and sugars, to ensure the reliability of analytical results: selectivity, limits of detection and quantification, calibration range and precision. Depending on the compounds, quantification limit was as low as 0.10 mM up to 4.50 mM.
Conclusions: A method involving water-based MAE extraction coupled to HILIC-HRMS was developed for the relative quantification of free amino acids, organic acids and sugars in plant tissues. This method is amenable for high throughput analysis of major polar metabolites from small amounts of plant material.
Developing Sign Language Recognition Model for Afaan Oromoo Words Using a Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Bedaso Muktar , Hussein Antu , Diriba Chala 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The 2021 WHO report highlighted that over 5% of the global population experiences hearing impairment, with Ethiopia facing an even higher prevalence of over 10%. Unfortunately, the educational landscape in Ethiopia has not adequately accommodated deaf students, particularly those from the Oromoo nation, as sign language support remains scarce. This lack of accessibility hinders deaf individuals from participating fully in educational opportunities, perpetuating inequality. In response to these challenges, a researcher has proposed an innovative solution utilizing deep learning techniques for automatic recognition of Afaan Oromoo sign language. This model aims to bridge the gap by providing deaf individuals with equal access to education. The proposed system comprises crucial stages including image preprocessing, feature extraction, feature learning, and classification. During preprocessing, video data is converted to image frames, standardized in size, and noise is removed. Feature extraction utilizes Gabor filtering to extract representative features, while convolutional neural networks facilitate feature learning. The model, trained on a dataset of 2025 images, achieved a remarkable 92.98% testing accuracy using ResNet-50 for classification. The researcher emphasizes the importance of further exploration, particularly in handling real-time data with complex background variations. This pioneering effort not only addresses the educational disparity faced by the deaf community in Ethiopia but also sets a precedent for leveraging technology to foster inclusivity and accessibility on a global scale.
Mach number effects on shock-boundary layer interactions over curved surfaces of supersonic turbine cascades
Authors: Lui Hugo F. S. , Wolf William R. , Ricciardi Tulio R. , Gaitonde Datta V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The effects of inlet Mach number on the unsteadiness of shock-boundary layer interactions (SBLIs) over curved surfaces are investigated for a supersonic turbine cascade using wall-resolved large eddy simulations. Three inlet Mach numbers, 1.85, 2.00, and 2.15 are considered at a chord-based Reynolds number 395000. The curved walls of the airfoils impact the SBLIs due to the state of the incoming boundary layers and local pressure gradients. On the suction side, due to the convex wall, the boundary layer entering the SBLI evolves under a favorable pressure gradient and bulk dilatation. On the other hand, the concave wall on the pressure side imposes an adverse pressure gradient and bulk compression. Variations in the inlet Mach number induce different shock impingement locations, enhancing these effects. A detailed characterization of the suction side boundary layers indicates that a higher Mach number leads to larger shape factors, favoring separation and larger bubbles, while the reverse holds for the pressure side. A time-frequency analysis reveals the presence of intermittent events in the separated flow occurring predominantly at low-frequencies on the suction side and at mid-frequencies on the pressure side. Increasing the inlet Mach number leads to an increase in the time scales of the intermittent events on the suction side, which are associated with instants when high-speed streaks penetrate the bubble, causing local flow reattachment and bubble contractions. Instantaneous flow visualizations show the presence of streamwise vortices developing on the turbulent boundary layers on both airfoil sides and along the bubbles. These vortices influence the formation of the large-scale longitudinal structures in the boundary layers, affecting the mass imbalance inside the separation bubbles.