bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liberalism, Feminism, and the Gendered Division of Labour
Authors: Chambers Clare 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Most feminists have argued that the gendered division of labour, according to which men specialise in career and paid employment while women specialise in unpaid domestic and care work, is a profound instance of gender injustice. Many liberals have argued that, even if the gendered division of labour creates and sustains inequality, it is essential to protect people’s ability to choose the family structure that works best for them. On this issue, feminists and liberals seem to be in stalemate. This chapter argues that the solution to the gendered division of labour is not to elevate paid employment above unpaid carework, as a liberal perspective tends to do. Instead, the solution starts with recognising that the gendered division of labour depends upon the systematic, enduring devaluation of care and domestic work and proceeds by resisting that devaluation. In this context, the injustice of the gendered division of labour cannot be solved by pushing mothers into paid employment. For the gendered division of labour truly to be undermined, women must be valued for what they do, including care and domestic work.
Should the Liberal State Recognise Gender?
Authors: Chambers Clare 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the arguments that Clare Chambers has made against the state recognition of marriage and applies them to the case of gender. The chapter argues that a political liberal state cannot recognise gender since doing so would require it to define gender and enforce that definition, something that cannot be done without running counter to reasonable conceptions of the good. It follows that alternative methods to rectify the injustice of the gender binary must be sought. The chapter considers the difference between state recognition of gender and state recognition of sex, and argues for context-dependent solutions.
Reasonable Disagreement and the Neutralist Dilemma
Authors: Chambers Clare 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter starts by investigating the idea of reasonable disagreement, a concept that is central to political liberal accounts of cooperation in the face of conflict. It then considers Matthew Kramer’s argument that there is no neutral solution available to the disagreement over abortion. The chapter argues that Kramer’s account has wider application, and identifies a neutralist dilemma. The neutralist dilemma applies when, of two policy options available to the state, one is unreasonable. It follows that the state should enact only the reasonable policy. However, in a neutralist dilemma the fact of reasonable disagreement due to the burdens of judgment means that it is not possible for the state to act at all, whether legislating or not, without deviating from neutrality. The chapter develops the concept of the neutralist dilemma and then applies it to another case discussed by Kramer: infant circumcision. The chapter argues that the debate over infant circumcision can be framed as a neutralist dilemma, but that the most plausible resolution of the dilemma results in an argument in favour of the legal prohibition of the practice.
Choice and Female Genital Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: Chambers Clare 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the role of choice as a normative transformer in relation to the practice of female genital cosmetic surgery. It is common, in law and practice, to distinguish between two sorts of female genital cutting. One is described as ‘female genital mutilation’ (FGM) and prohibited; the other is described as ‘female genital cosmetic surgery’ (FGCS) and permitted, even provided by the state in certain circumstances. The chapter argues that distinguishing between the two requires going beyond a simplistic contrast between choice and coercion. Both practices can be understood only within a cultural context that makes them available and marks them as appropriate. As with many other forms of cosmetic surgery, FGCS cannot be exonerated merely by an appeal to individual choice.
Born with an advantage: early life and maternal effects on fitness in female ground squirrels
Authors: Yuen Tanner , Ruckstuhl Kathreen E , Martinig April R , Neuhaus Peter 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lifetime fitness and its determinants are an important topic in the study of behavioral ecology and life-history evolution. Early life conditions comprise some of these determinants, warranting further investigation into their impact. In some mammals, babies born lighter tend to have lower life expectancy than those born heavier, and some of these life-history traits are passed on to offspring, with lighter-born females giving birth to lighter offspring. We investigated how weight at weaning, the relative timing of birth in the season, maternal weight, and maternal age affected the longevity and lifetime reproductive success (LRS) of female Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus). We hypothesized that early life conditions such as offspring weight would not only have lifetime fitness consequences but also intergenerational effects. We found that weight at weaning had a significant impact on longevity, with heavier individuals living longer. The relative timing of an individual’s birth did not have a significant association with either longevity or LRS. Individuals born to heavier mothers were found to have significantly higher LRS than those born to lighter mothers. Finally, maternal age was found to be significantly associated with their offspring’s LRS, with older mothers having less successful offspring. Our results provide evidence that early life conditions do have lifelong fitness and sometimes intergenerational consequences for Columbian ground squirrels.
Projection-based two-sample inference for sparsely observed multivariate functional data
Authors: Koner Salil , Luo Sheng 
Published: February 2024

Summary
Modern longitudinal studies collect multiple outcomes as the primary endpoints to understand the complex dynamics of the diseases. Oftentimes, especially in clinical trials, the joint variation among the multidimensional responses plays a significant role in assessing the differential characteristics between two or more groups, rather than drawing inferences based on a single outcome. We develop a projection-based two-sample significance test to identify the population-level difference between the multivariate profiles observed under a sparse longitudinal design. The methodology is built upon widely adopted multivariate functional principal component analysis to reduce the dimension of the infinite-dimensional multi-modal functions while preserving the dynamic correlation between the components. The test applies to a wide class of (non-stationary) covariance structures of the response, and it detects a significant group difference based on a single p-value, thereby overcoming the issue of adjusting for multiple p-values that arise due to comparing the means in each of components separately. Finite-sample numerical studies demonstrate that the test maintains the type-I error, and is powerful to detect significant group differences, compared to the state-of-the-art testing procedures. The test is carried out on two significant longitudinal studies for Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, namely, TOMMORROW study of individuals at high risk of mild cognitive impairment to detect differences in the cognitive test scores between the pioglitazone and the placebo groups, and Azillect study to assess the efficacy of rasagiline as a potential treatment to slow down the progression of PD.
A causal relationship between gut microbiota and subcortical brain structures contributes to the microbiota–gut–brain axis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Hu Xuequn , Fang Zhiyong , Wang Feng , Mei Zhen , Huang Xiaofen , Lin Yuanxiang , Lin Zhangya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A correlation between gut microbiota and brain structure, referring to as a component of the gut–brain axis, has been observed in observational studies. However, the causality of this relationship and its specific bacterial taxa remains uncertain. To reveal the causal effects of gut microbiota on subcortical brain volume, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) studies in this study. Genome-wide association study data were obtained from the MiBioGen Consortium (n = 18,340) and the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium (n = 13,170). The primary estimate was obtained utilizing the inverse-variance weighted, while heterogeneity and pleiotropy were assessed using the Cochrane Q statistic, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, and MR-Egger intercept. Our findings provide strong evidence that a higher abundance of the genus Parasutterella is causally correlated with a decrease in intracranial volume (β = −30,921.33, 95% CI -46,671.78 to −15,170.88, P = 1.19 × 10−4), and the genus FamilyXIIIUCG001 is associated with a decrease in thalamus volume (β = −141.96, 95% CI: −214.81 to −69.12, P = 1.0× 10−4). This MR study offers novel perspectives on the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and subcortical brain volume, thereby lending some support to the existence of the microbiota–gut–brain axis.
What are olfaction and gustation, and do all animals have them?
Authors: Derby Charles D , Caprio John 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Different animals have distinctive anatomical and physiological properties to their chemical senses that enhance detection and discrimination of relevant chemical cues. Humans and other vertebrates are recognized as having 2 main chemical senses, olfaction and gustation, distinguished from each other by their evolutionarily conserved neuroanatomical organization. This distinction between olfaction and gustation in vertebrates is not based on the medium in which they live because the most ancestral and numerous vertebrates, the fishes, live in an aquatic habitat and thus both olfaction and gustation occur in water and both can be of high sensitivity. The terms olfaction and gustation have also often been applied to the invertebrates, though not based on homology. Consequently, any similarities between olfaction and gustation in the vertebrates and invertebrates have resulted from convergent adaptations or shared constraints during evolution. The untidiness of assigning olfaction and gustation to invertebrates has led some to recommend abandoning the use of these terms and instead unifying them and others into a single category—chemical sense. In our essay, we compare the nature of the chemical senses of diverse animal types and consider their designation as olfaction, oral gustation, extra-oral gustation, or simply chemoreception. Properties that we have found useful in categorizing chemical senses of vertebrates and invertebrates include the nature of peripheral sensory cells, organization of the neuropil in the processing centers, molecular receptor specificity, and function.
Coordinated Care Experiences Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions: Characteristics, Correlates, and Consequences for Health and Healthcare Utilization
Authors: Qin Weidi , Kalesnikava Viktoryia , Dang Linh , Sneed Rodlescia S , Messina Rossella , Rucci Paola , Mezuk Briana 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Although coordinated care (CC) seeks to improve patient experiences and ultimately health outcomes, evidence from empirical research on the impacts of CC is mixed. This study examined the relationship between CC and healthcare outcomes over a 4-year period among older adults with multiple chronic conditions.

Research Design and Methods
This observational cohort study is based on data from the 2016–2020 Health and Retirement Study. Analysis is limited to respondents with 2+ chronic conditions who completed an experimental module on CC in 2016 (n = 906). Three domains of CC were assessed: perceptions, informal (family/friends) and formal (healthcare staff) tangible support, and technical support (using a “patient portal”). The longitudinal relationship between CC and health (e.g., pain, functioning, and self-rated health [SRH]) and healthcare (e.g., doctor visits, hospitalization, and care satisfaction) outcomes was investigated using mixed-effects models.

Results
Better perceptions of CC were associated with lower odds of ADL limitations (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.84–0.99) and greater satisfaction with care (B = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.02–0.06). Receipt of more informal tangible support was associated with 1.34 higher odds of ADL limitations (95% CI = 1.19–1.51) and 1.74 higher odds of hospitalization (95% CI = 1.07–1.21). Use of technical support was associated with better SRH and greater satisfaction with care.

Discussion and Implications
The longitudinal relationship between CC and health is multifaceted. Although positive perceptions and more technical support have beneficial effects on health outcomes, higher utilization of tangible support may reflect a higher demand among older adults with more complex healthcare needs.
Ecological indicators to monitor offshore wind interactions with fisheries resources
Authors: Methratta Elizabeth T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Offshore wind development (OWD) will generate much needed renewable energy, but it will also introduce several stressors to the marine ecosystem. Therefore, there is a need to develop information-rich monitoring programs to assess ecological impacts and inform solutions to mitigate adverse effects. This paper evaluates potential indicators of OWD impacts on fisheries resources that could be considered for monitoring programs, including indices of aggregate biomass, sensitive species, fish size, and trophic dynamics. Short-term (year-to-year) variability and the direction and strength of long-term trends were explored at both the scale of the US Southern New England wind energy area (WEA) and at the scale of the Southern New England region. The majority of candidate OWD indicators exhibited substantial temporal variability at either the WEA scale, the region scale, or both, highlighting the importance of addressing temporal variability in the design and duration of monitoring programs. Recommendations are provided to advance informative monitoring approaches both in the USA and elsewhere where such approaches are urgently needed. Among these is a recommendation for a minimum of 3–5 years of baseline data collection and continued monitoring for the lifetime of the wind project. This will enable an understanding of the temporal structure inherent to the time series of ecological indicators measured so that OWD impacts can be disentangled from those caused by other ecosystem pressures.
The value of hybrid genomes: Building two highly contiguous reference genome assemblies to advance Canis genomic studies
Authors: Bredemeyer Kevin R , vonHoldt Bridgett M , Foley Nicole M , Childers Isabella R , Brzeski Kristin E , Murphy William J 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Previous studies of canid population and evolutionary genetics have relied on high-quality domestic dog reference genomes that have been produced primarily for biomedical and trait mapping studies in dog breeds. However, the absence of highly contiguous genomes from other Canis species like the gray wolf and coyote, that represent additional distinct demographic histories, may bias inferences regarding interspecific genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Here, we present single haplotype de novo genome assemblies for the gray wolf and coyote, generated by applying the trio-binning approach to long sequence reads generated from the genome of a female first-generation hybrid produced from a gray wolf and coyote mating. The assemblies were highly contiguous, with contig N50 sizes of 44.6 and 42.0 Mb for the wolf and coyote, respectively. Genome scaffolding and alignments between the two Canis assemblies and published dog reference genomes showed near complete collinearity, with one exception: a coyote-specific chromosome fission of chromosome 13 and fusion of the proximal portion of that chromosome with chromosome 8, retaining the Canis-typical haploid chromosome number of 2n = 78. We evaluated mapping quality for previous RADseq data from 334 canids and found nearly identical mapping quality and patterns among canid species and regional populations regardless of the genome used for alignment (dog, coyote, or gray wolf). These novel wolf and coyote genome reference assemblies will be important resources for proper and accurate inference of Canis demography, taxonomic evaluation, and conservation genetics.
Ecology, biology, and management of Conchuela stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Texas High Plains cotton
Authors: Vyavhare Suhas , Kerns David , Pierce Jane 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The Conchuela stink bug, Chlorochroa ligata Say (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a prevalent stink bug pest that commonly infests Upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in Texas. It is found throughout a wide region, spanning from Texas to California, in the western United States. Feeding by Conchuela stink bugs on cotton plants leads to various negative impacts, including reduced lint yield and quality, decreased gin turnout, and declined lint value per unit area. Additionally, an infestation of Conchuela stink bugs can indirectly damage cotton by transmitting plant pathogens. Boll rot is among the most economically damaging diseases transmitted by stink bugs in cotton. In this article, we explore the geographic distribution, host range, biology, damage, and management strategies related to Conchuela stink bug in cotton.
Testing high-dimensional multinomials with applications to text analysis
Authors: Cai T Tony , Ke Zheng T , Turner Paxton 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Motivated by applications in text mining and discrete distribution inference, we test for equality of probability mass functions of K groups of high-dimensional multinomial distributions. Special cases of this problem include global testing for topic models, two-sample testing in authorship attribution, and closeness testing for discrete distributions. A test statistic, which is shown to have an asymptotic standard normal distribution under the null hypothesis, is proposed. This parameter-free limiting null distribution holds true without requiring identical multinomial parameters within each group or equal group sizes. The optimal detection boundary for this testing problem is established, and the proposed test is shown to achieve this optimal detection boundary across the entire parameter space of interest. The proposed method is demonstrated in simulation studies and applied to analyse two real-world datasets to examine, respectively, variation among customer reviews of Amazon movies and the diversity of statistical paper abstracts.
Why leaves become isotopically lighter than photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination explains: on the importance of post-photosynthetic fractionation
Authors: Gessler Arthur 
Published: February 2024

This article comments on:
Yu YZ, Liu HT, Yang F, Li L, Schäufele R, Tcherkez G, Schnyder H, Gong XY. 2024. δ13C of bulk organic matter and cellulose reveal post-photosynthetic fractionation during ontogeny in C4 grass leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, 1451–1464
Ochratoxin A detoxification potentials of basil, chan, and chia seeds
Authors: Tseng Hsin-Shun , Lin Bing-Yi , Wang Yu-Fen , Liao Ya-Fan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The most toxic of the ochratoxins is ochratoxin A (OTA), which is primarily produced by species of Aspergillus and Penicillium that can be found in maize, wheat, coffee, red wine, and various grains. OTA induces immunotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity in both animals and humans. Thus, there is a need to identify mycotoxin detoxification agents that can effectively decontaminate OTA. Seeds of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), chan (Hyptis suaveolens L.), and chia (Salvia hispanica L.) are functional foods capable of eliminating harmful substances. Despite this potential, the impact of these seeds on OTA detoxification remains unclear. This study reveals that milled basil, chan, and chia seeds adsorb significant levels of OTA, with chia demonstrating the highest adsorption capacity, followed by chan and basil seeds showing the least efficiency. Furthermore, milled basil, chan, and chia seeds effectively reduced OTA residues in artificial gastric and intestinal fluids, where they achieved up to 93% OTA adsorption in the former. In addition, these milled seeds were able to remove OTAs from canned, drip, and instant coffee. This study is the first to report the OTA elimination potential of basil, chan, and chia seeds.
Spin-induced offset stream self-crossing shocks in tidal disruption events
Authors: Jankovič T , Bonnerot C , Gomboc A 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
Tidal disruption events occur when a star is disrupted by a supermassive black hole, resulting in an elongated stream of gas that partly falls back to the pericentre. Due to apsidal precession, the returning stream may collide with itself, leading to a self-crossing shock that launches an outflow. If the black hole spins, this collision may additionally be affected by Lense–Thirring precession that can cause an offset between the two stream components. We study the impact of this effect on the outflow properties by carrying out local simulations of collisions between offset streams. As the offset increases, we find that the geometry of the outflow becomes less spherical and more collimated along the directions of the incoming streams, with less gas getting unbound by the interaction. However, even the most grazing collisions we consider significantly affect the trajectories of the colliding gas, likely promoting subsequent strong interactions near the black hole and rapid disc formation. We analytically compute the dependence of the offset to stream width ratio, finding that even slowly spinning black holes can cause both strong and grazing collisions. We estimate that the self-crossing shock luminosity is lower for an offset collision than an aligned one since radiation energy injected by the shock is significantly lower for more offset collisions. We find that the deviation from outflow sphericity may cause significant variations in the efficiency at which X-ray radiation from the disc is reprocessed to the optical band, depending on the viewing angle, and increase the degree of the observed polarization. These potentially observable features hold the promise of constraining the black hole spin from tidal disruption events.
Using spherical harmonics to solve the Boltzmann equation: an operator-based approach
Authors: Schween Nils W , Reville Brian 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
The transport of charged particles or photons in a scattering medium can be modelled with a Boltzmann equation. The mathematical treatment for scattering in such scenarios is often simplified if evaluated in a frame where the scattering centres are, on average, at rest. It is common therefore to use a mixed coordinate system, wherein space and time are measured in a fixed inertial frame, while momenta are measured in a ‘co-moving’ frame. To facilitate analytical and numerical solutions, the momentum dependence of the phase-space density may be expanded as a series of spherical harmonics, typically truncated at low order. A method for deriving the system of equations for the expansion coefficients of the spherical harmonics to arbitrary order is presented in the limit of isotropic, small-angle scattering. The method of derivation takes advantage of operators acting on the space of spherical harmonics. The matrix representations of these operators are employed to compute the system of equations. The computation of matrix representations is detailed and subsequently simplified with the aid of rotations of the coordinate system. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix representations are investigated to prepare the application of standard numerical techniques, e.g. the finite volume method or the discontinuous Galerkin method, to solve the system.