bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of salt anion in ether‐based electrolyte for electrochemical performance of sodium‐ion batteries: A case study of hard carbon
Authors: Li Jiabao , Hao Jingjing , Yuan Quan , Wang Ruoxing , Marlton Frederick , Wang Tianyi , Wang Chengyin , Guo Xin , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCompared with the extensively used ester‐based electrolyte, the hard carbon (HC) electrode is more compatible with the ether‐based counterpart in sodium‐ion batteries, which can lead to improved cycling stability and robust rate capability. However, the impact of salt anion on the electrochemical performance of HC electrodes has yet to be fully understood. In this study, the anionic chemistry in regulating the stability of electrolytes and the performance of sodium‐ion batteries have been systematically investigated. This work shows discrepancies in the reductive stability of the anionic group, redox kinetics, and component/structure of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) with different salts (NaBF4, NaPF6, and NaSO3CF3) in the typical ether solvent (diglyme). Particularly, the density functional theory calculation manifests the preferred decomposition of PF6− due to the reduced reductive stability of anions in the solvation structure, thus leading to the formation of NaF‐rich SEI. Further investigation on redox kinetics reveals that the NaPF6/diglyme can induce the fast ionic diffusion dynamic and low charge transfer barrier for HC electrode, thus resulting in superior sodium storage performance in terms of rate capability and cycling life, which outperforms those of NaBF4/diglyme and NaSO3CF3/diglyme. Importantly, this work offers valuable insights for optimizing the electrochemical behaviors of electrode materials by regulating the anionic group in the electrolyte.
Heterostructural NiFeW disulfide and hydroxide dual‐trimetallic core‐shell nanosheets for synergistically effective water oxidation
Authors: Guo Peng‐Fei , Yang Yang , Zhu Bing , Yang Qian‐Nan , Jia Yan , Wang Wei‐Tao , Liu Zhao‐Tie , Zhao Shi‐Qiang , Cui Xun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA stable and highly active core‐shell heterostructure electrocatalyst is essential for catalyzing oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, a dual‐trimetallic core‐shell heterostructure OER electrocatalyst that consists of a NiFeWS2 inner core and an amorphous NiFeW(OH)z outer shell is designed and synthesized using in situ electrochemical tuning. The electrochemical measurements of different as‐synthesized catalysts with a similar mass loading suggest that the core‐shell Ni0.66Fe0.17W0.17S2@amorphous NiFeW(OH)z nanosheets exhibit the highest overall performance compared with that of other bimetallic reference catalysts for the OER. Additionally, the nanosheet arrays were in situ grown on hydrophilic‐treated carbon paper to fabricate an integrated three‐dimensional electrode that affords a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a small overpotential of 182 mV and a low Tafel slope of 35 mV decade−1 in basic media. The Faradaic efficiency of core‐shell Ni0.66Fe0.17W0.17S2@amorphous NiFeW(OH)z is as high as 99.5% for OER. The scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirm that this electrode has excellent stability in morphology and elementary composition after long‐term electrochemical measurements. Importantly, density functional theory calculations further indicate that the core‐shell heterojunction increased the conductivity of the catalyst, optimized the adsorption energy of the OER intermediates, and improved the OER activity. This study provides a universal strategy for designing more active core‐shell structure electrocatalysts based on the rule of coordinated regulation between electronic transport and active sites.
Stacked bidirectional DC‐DC converter based on classical boost/buck converter for uninterruptible power supply applications
Authors: Nimitti Fabiano Gonzales , Andrade António Manuel Santos Spencer 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn this paper, a new stacked bidirectional non‐isolated DC‐DC converter for uninterruptible power supply applications is presented. It is a stacked adaptation of the classical bidirectional boost/buck converter and presents improvements such as low number of components; low voltage and current stress on components; high efficiency; and simplicity of operation. In addition, in this paper, the modeling and control of the proposed converter are done, and a comparative evaluation among proposed converter with similar topologies is evaluated. A prototype of 1 kW, 144 to 400 V, is developed in laboratory to validate the theoretical evaluations of proposed converter. Besides that, the proposed converter is also evaluated under different dynamic condition, which illustrates the effectiveness of the converter. Finally, the maximum efficiency obtained is 96.38% in step‐up mode and 95.7% in step‐down mode.
Neutrophil hitchhiking: Riding the drug delivery wave to treat diseases
Authors: Wang Menghui , Jin Zhenhua , Huang Haoyu , Cheng Xifu , Zhang Qin , Tang Ying , Zhu Xiaoping , Zong Zhen , Li Hui , Ning Zhikun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeutrophils are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a pivotal role in various physiological processes. From a physical perspective, hitchhiking is considered a phenomenon of efficient transportation. The combination of neutrophils and hitchhikers has given rise to effective delivery systems both in vivo and in vitro, thus neutrophils hitchhiking become a novel approach to disease treatment. This article provides an overview of the innovative and feasible application of neutrophils as drug carriers. It explores the mechanisms underlying neutrophil function, elucidates the mechanism of drug delivery mediated by neutrophil‐hitchhiking, and discusses the potential applications of this strategy in the treatment of cancer, immune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and other medical conditions.
Point prevalence of epilepsy in dementia: A “real‐world” estimate
Authors: Muroni Antonella , Floris Gianluca , Borghero Giuseppe , Ardu Silvia , Pateri Maria Ida , Pilotto Silvy , Pisano Giada , Defazio Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveSeveral studies have demonstrated a higher frequency of seizures and epilepsy in Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia as compared with healthy elderly individuals. However, incidence and prevalence of epilepsy in the general population of dementia are unknown since most previous studies were performed in secondary‐tertiary referral centres. In addition, all prior studies but one provided “period” rather than “point” prevalence estimates.MethodsWe assessed point prevalence estimate of epileptic manifestations requiring antiepileptic medication in patients Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and fronto‐temporal dementia from a secondary clinical setting.ResultsPoint prevalence estimates were 6.4% (95% CI: 1.5 to 11.3) in Alzheimer's disease, 8.9% (95% CI: 1.4 to 16.4), in vascular dementia, and 6% (95% CI: 1.3 to 10.7) in fronto‐temporal dementia, rates that were greater than those observed in the healthy elderly population. Regardless of the etiology of dementia, epilepsy was characterized by unprovoked seizures that lacked distinguishing clinical features.SignificanceThese findings support epilepsy as part of the spectrum of dementia. The similar point prevalence of definite epilepsy requiring AED treatment in Alzheimer's disease and non Alzheimer dementias raised the possibility of similar underlying mechanism of epileptogenesis. Although this was not a population‐based study, accurate point prevalence data from clinic setting would be important to better define the burden of epilepsy in dementia and the demands on health services to manage the condition.
Lever up! An analysis of options trading in leveraged ETFs
Authors: Gilstrap Collin , Petkevich Alex , Teterin Pavel , Wang Kainan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe examine options trading in leveraged Exchange‐Traded Funds (ETFs) and their impact on the performance of the underlying funds. Using implied volatility innovations in call and put options, we demonstrate that option signals from leveraged ETFs are robust predictors of the underlying ETFs' performance. While both levered and unlevered option signals forecast ETF returns, the levered signal is more pronounced in both magnitude and relevance. This predictivity power primarily stems from inverse leveraged ETFs and during economic downturns. Furthermore, we use the leveraged ETF option signals to develop a trading strategy that produces an average abnormal performance of 1.13% per month.
Using parent‐offspring pairs and trios to estimate indirect genetic effects in education
Authors: Trindade Pons Victória , Claringbould Annique , Kamphuis Priscilla , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , van Loo Hanna M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe investigated indirect genetic effects (IGEs), also known as genetic nurture, in education with a novel approach that uses phased data to include parent‐offspring pairs in the transmitted/nontransmitted study design. This method increases the power to detect IGEs, enhances the generalizability of the findings, and allows for the study of effects by parent‐of‐origin. We validated and applied this method in a family‐based subsample of adolescents and adults from the Lifelines Cohort Study in the Netherlands (N = 6147), using the latest genome‐wide association study data on educational attainment to construct polygenic scores (PGS). Our results indicated that IGEs play a role in education outcomes in the Netherlands: we found significant associations of the nontransmitted PGS with secondary school level in youth between 13 and 24 years old as well as with education attainment and years of education in adults over 25 years old (β = 0.14, 0.17 and 0.26, respectively), with tentative evidence for larger maternal IGEs. In conclusion, we replicated previous findings and showed that including parent‐offspring pairs in addition to trios in the transmitted/nontransmitted design can benefit future studies of parental IGEs in a wide range of outcomes.
Are trait‐associated genes clustered together in a gene network?
Authors: Koo Hyun Jung , Pan Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have provided an abundance of information about the genetic variants and their loci that are associated to complex traits and diseases. However, due to linkage disequilibrium (LD) and noncoding regions of loci, it remains a challenge to pinpoint the causal genes. Gene network‐based approaches, paired with network diffusion methods, have been proposed to prioritize causal genes and to boost statistical power in GWAS based on the assumption that trait‐associated genes are clustered in a gene network. Due to the difficulty in mapping trait‐associated variants to genes in GWAS, this assumption has never been directly or rigorously tested empirically. On the other hand, whole exome sequencing (WES) data focuses on the protein‐coding regions, directly identifying trait‐associated genes. In this study, we tested the assumption by leveraging the recently available exome‐based association statistics from the UK Biobank WES data along with two types of networks. We found that almost all trait‐associated genes were significantly more proximal to each other than randomly selected genes within both networks. These results support the assumption that trait‐associated genes are clustered in gene networks, which can be further leveraged to boost the power of GWAS such as by introducing less stringent p value thresholds.
Protocol for the Photocatalytic Hydroxyalkenylation of Alkenes Using 1,2‐Bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene and Water
Authors: Tsai Chen‐Yang , Chen Chun‐Yu , Wu Yen‐Ku , Ryu Ilhyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report on a protocol for the hydroxyalkenylation of alkenes using an acridinium photoredox catalyst in combination with 1,2‐bis(phenylsulfonyl)ethylene and water. Using the protocol, alkenes could be converted into the corresponding 1‐phenylsulfonyl‐4‐hydroxyalkenes in good yields. The hydroxyalkenylation involves the nucleophilic hydroxylation of alkene‐derived radical cations to give β‐hydroxyalkyl radicals, which then undergo a radical addition/β‐elimination sequence. The catalytic cycle is likely sustained by electron transfer from the acridine radical to the benzenesulfonyl radical, which is formed via a radical addition/elimination sequence.
Walking forward or on hold: Could the ChatGPT be applied for seeking health information in neurosurgical settings?
Authors: Yan Si‐Yu , Liu Yi‐Fan , Ma Lu , Xiao Ling‐Long , Hu Xin , Guo Rui , You Chao , Tian Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSelf‐management is important for patients suffering from cerebrovascular events after neurosurgical procedures. An increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI)‐assisted tools have been used in postoperative health management. ChatGPT is a new trend dialog‐based chatbot that could be used as a supplemental tool for seeking health information. Responses from ChatGPT version 3.5 and 4.0 toward 13 questions raised by experienced neurosurgeons were evaluated in this exploratory study for their consistency and appropriateness blindly by the other three neurosurgeons. The readability of response text was investigated quantitively by word count and the Gunning Fog and Flesch–Kincaid indices. Results showed that the chatbot could provide relatively stable output between the two versions on consistency and appropriateness (χ² = 0.348). As for readability, there was a higher demand for readers to comprehend the output text in the 4.0 version (more counts of words; lower Flesch–Kincaid reading ease score; and higher Flesch–Kincaid grade level). In general, the capacity of ChatGPT to deliver effective health information is still under debate.
RISMiCal: A software package to perform fastRISM/3D‐RISMcalculations
Authors: Maruyama Yutaka , Yoshida Norio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolvent plays an essential role in a variety of chemical, physical, and biological processes that occur in the solution phase. The reference interaction site model (RISM) and its three‐dimensional extension (3D‐RISM) serve as powerful computational tools for modeling solvation effects in chemical reactions, biological functions, and structure formations. We present the RISM integrated calculator (RISMiCal) program package, which is based on RISM and 3D‐RISM theories with fast GPU code. RISMiCal has been developed as an integrated RISM/3D‐RISM program that has interfaces with external programs such as Gaussian16, GAMESS, and Tinker. Fast 3D‐RISM programs for single‐ and multi‐GPU codes written in CUDA would enhance the availability of these hybrid methods because they require the performance of many computationally expensive 3D‐RISM calculations. We expect that our package can be widely applied for chemical and biological processes in solvent. The RISMiCal package is available athttps://rismical-dev.github.io.
McLaughlin technique and humeral grafting provide similar results for treatment of reverse Hill–Sachs lesions: A systematic review
Authors: Buda Matteo , Coco Vito , Grassi Alberto , Filanti Mattia , Musiani Costanza , Solaro Luca , Guerra Enrico , Romagnoli Matteo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeVarious surgical treatments have been described for the treatment of reverse Hill–Sachs lesions (rHSls) sized between 20% and 50% in the case of posterior shoulder dislocation. The aim of this systematic review is to report the clinical and radiological outcomes of subscapularis or lesser tuberosity transfer (McLaughlin and modified procedures) compared to bone or osteochondral autograft or allograft.MethodsA systematic review was performed on five medical databases up to December 2022. The inclusion criteria were clinical studies of all levels of evidence describing clinical or radiological outcomes of either procedure. The assessment of the quality of evidence was performed with the Modified Coleman Score.ResultsA total of 14 studies (five prospective and nine retrospective) were included. A total of 153 patients (155 shoulders, 78.4% male) with a mean age of 37.2 (22–79) years were reviewed at an average follow‐up of 53.1 (7.1–294) months. No relevant difference was found for the clinical scores, range of motion, complications and redislocation rate between the two treatments. Radiological osteoarthritis (OA) was reported in 11% (10/87) in the McLaughlin group and in 21% (16/73) in the humeral reconstruction group.ConclusionsMcLaughlin and anatomic humeral reconstruction lead to similar satisfactory clinical results and a low redislocation rate in the treatment of rHSls. Anatomic humeral reconstruction seems associated with an increased risk of OA progression.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Evaluation of microbiome in primary and permanent dentition in grade C periodontitis in young individuals
Authors: Koo Sungeun Stephanie , Fernandes Jussara G. , Li Lu , Huang Hong , Aukhil Ikramuddin , Harrison Peter , Diaz Patricia I. , Shaddox Luciana M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the subgingival microbiome in patients with grade C molar‐incisor pattern periodontitis (C‐MIP) affecting the primary or permanent dentitions.MethodsDNA was isolated from subgingival biofilm samples from diseased and healthy sites from 45 C‐MIP patients and subjected to phylogenetic microarray analysis. C‐MIP sites were compared between children affected in the primary to those affected in the permanent dentitions. Within‐subject differences between C‐MIP‐affected sites and dentition‐matched healthy sites were also evaluated.ResultsC‐MIP sites of subjects affected in the primary dentition showed partially overlapping but distinct microbial communities from C‐MIP permanent dentition sites (p < 0.05). Differences were due to increased levels in primary C‐MIP sites of certain species of the genera Capnocytophaga and Leptotrichia, while C‐MIP permanent dentition sites showed higher prevalence of Filifactor alocis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) was among species seen in high prevalence and levels in both primary and permanent C‐MIP sites. Moreover, both permanent and primary C‐MIP sites showed distinct microbial communities when compared to dentition‐matched healthy sites in the same subject (p < 0.01).ConclusionsPrimary and permanent teeth with C‐MIP showed a dysbiotic microbiome, with children affected in the primary dentition showing a distinct profile from those affected in the permanent dentition. However, Aa was enriched in both primary and permanent diseased sites, confirming that this microorganism is implicated in C‐MIP in both dentitions.
Tailoring the physicochemical properties of starch: impact of integrated ultrasonic and ethanol pretreatment on the oil uptake of infrared fried ginkgo seeds
Authors: Su Ya , Chen Ying , Sun Menglin , Ren Aiqing , Li Jianlin , Liu Zhenbin , Zheng Tiesong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe structural changes of starch would have a more crucial impact on oil absorption and quality changes in starch‐rich fruits and vegetables during frying process with enhanced heat transfer (such as infrared frying). In the present study, the influence of integrated ultrasonic and ethanol (US + ethanol) pretreatment on oil uptake in infrared fried (IF) ginkgo seeds was evaluated regarding modifications in the physicochemical properties of starch. The pretreatment was performed with ultrasonic (40 kHz, 300 W) and ethanol osmotic (95%, v/v) treatment individually or integrated for 40 min.RESULTSThe mass transfer in the pretreatment was facilitated by combined ultrasound and ethanol. The swelling power, solubility, and gelatinization degree of starch was significantly increased. Low‐frequency‐NMR curves and images revealed that the bound water fraction in ginkgo seeds was increased and the water distribution was homogenized. The results of Fourier transform‐infrared spectrum and differential scanning calorimeter revealed that the crystalline regions of starch were reduced and the thermal enthalpy was decreased after US + ethanol pretreatment. The total, surface and structural oil content in IF ginkgo seeds with US + ethanol pretreatment was reduced by 29.10%, 34.52% and 29.73%, respectively. The US + ethanol pretreatment led to a thinner crust layer with increased porosity and smaller‐sized pores in the IF ginkgo seeds as observed by stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.CONCLUSIONThe changes in structural and physicochemical properties of starch by combined ultrasound and ethanol affect the crust ratio and pore characteristics in fried high‐starch fruits and vegetables, thereby reducing oil absorption. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
High‐throughput extraction and automatic purification of alternariol from edible and medicinal herbs based on aptamer‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Yang Ruiqi , Zhao Liping , Wang Fengchao , Chen Jin , Ma Xiao , Luan Yunxia , Kong Weijun 
Published: March 2024

Mycotoxin contamination is widespread in plants and herbs, posing serious threats to the consumer and human health. Of them, alternariol (AOH) has attracted great attention as an “emerging” mycotoxin in medicinal herbs. However, a specific and high‐throughput extraction method for AOH is currently lacking. Thus, developing an efficient pre‐treatment technique for AOH detection is extremely vital. Here, a novel automated magnetic solid‐phase extraction method was proposed for the highly efficient extraction of AOH. Combining the aptamer‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (AMNPs) and the automatic purification instrument, AOH could be extracted in medicinal herbs in high throughput (20 samples) and a short time (30 min). The main parameters affecting extraction were optimized, and the method was finally carried out by incubation AMNPs with 3 mL of sample solution for 10 min, and then desorption in 75% methanol for liquid‐phase detection. Under optimal conditions, good reproducibility, stability, and selectivity were realized with an adsorption capacity of 550.84 ng/mg. AOH extraction in three edible herbs showed good resistance to matrix interference with recovery rates from 86% to 111%. In combination with AMNPs and the automatic purification instrument, high‐throughput and labor‐free extraction of AOH in different complex matrices was achieved, which could be extended in other complex matrices.