bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The economic incentive for risk taking in professional partnerships
Authors: Jennergren L. Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProfessional service firms are common in some areas, in particular auditing and law. They are organized as partnerships, private corporations, or public corporations. This paper discusses the first category of these three. When a partner leaves the partnership, her/his shares are redeemed. Two alternatives for redemption are at book value, the traditional alternative, or at fair market value. By means of a novel discounted dividends model that includes risk taking, it is shown that there may be an economic incentive for risk taking when the redemption value is equal to book value. There may also be an incentive for risk taking when the redemption value is equal to fair market value. However, the level of risk taking in the latter alternative is not higher than the level of risk taking in the former alternative. Switching from book value to fair market value as redemption value is hence suggested as one way to reduce client propensity for litigation. This paper’s incentive for risk taking in a professional partnership has apparently not been noted in the literature.
Wise leaders fostering employees’ speaking up behaviors: developing and validating a measure of leader-expressed practical wisdom
Authors: Rego Arménio , Meyer Marcel , Júnior Dálcio Reis , Cunha Miguel Pina e 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Practical wisdom, an essential component of leadership, has been approached mainly from a theoretical perspective. While there are barely any empirical studies on leaders’ practical wisdom, quantitative ones are even rarer, and no valid measure of a leader’s practical wisdom exists. Thus, our understanding of whether and how wise leaders influence their followers is limited. Inspired by Thomas Aquinas’ ideas on practical wisdom, we operationalize it as a tridimensional capacity of inquiring, judging, and acting in an emotionally regulated way, and develop and validate a corresponding measure of leader-expressed practical wisdom. To support our operationalization, we test how leader-expressed practical wisdom predicts employees’ speaking up behaviors via their psychological safety. Our rationale is that to make better decisions, wise leaders are receptive to employees’ views that address matters of concern and challenge the status quo with the intention of improving the situation – such a receptiveness being enabled by fostering employees’ psychological safety. Through a two-wave field study, a three-wave field study, and a vignette-based experiment carried out in three countries we obtain empirical support for that three-dimensional construct and show that leader-expressed practical wisdom predicts employees’ speaking up behaviors via their psychological safety.
Analysis of economic growth through the context conditions that allow entrepreneurship
Authors: Cervelló-Royo Roberto , Devece Carlos , Lull Juan J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe literature that recognizes the entrepreneurial function as a fundamental factor in regions’ and countries’ growth abounds. When studying the macroeconomic conditions that favor entrepreneurship, most studies analyze the problem from an organizational level. This article assumes the value of entrepreneurship as a mediating element in economic growth. It analyzes the most relevant legal and macroeconomic conditions that improve the suitable adjustment of entrepreneurial initiatives to the demands and available resources of a given economy. These conditions are not analyzed strictly from an economic perspective but in terms of their impact on the entrepreneurial function. To validate our hypotheses, a qualitative methodology focused on Latin American countries is used to reduce the heterogeneity of the cultural and historical context of the studied cases. The results reveal that low or moderate inflation, together with investment freedom and low tax burden, are the most determining factors of economic growth in Latin America.
Does the use of digital tools improve a firm’s performance?
Authors: Grijalba Miguel Angoitia , Hernández Yolanda Bueno , Perez-Encinas Adriana , Urda Begoña Santos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant economic impact. Different economic agents have been forced to make temporary or permanent changes to their usual patterns of economic activity. In some business sectors, confinement brought activity to a standstill; in others, it led to the spread of teleworking and, in parallel, highlighted, among other aspects, the importance of digital sales channels. In this context, digitalization can be seen as an opportunity (even a necessity) to maintain the level of business activity and to develop new business initiatives. Firms that used digital tools in their pre-pandemic processes were better prepared to face the health and economic crises and could emerge from them earlier than those companies that were less digitized. Drawing on data from The Future of Business Survey, this paper analyzes the adoption of digital tools in the wake of the pandemic and examines the relationship between pre- and post-pandemic indicators of business digitization and business performance, as measured by sales and employeees. It also considers the diversity of existing digital platforms and the possible uses of these tools.
Cellular Alterations in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Michel Lars , Ferdinandy Peter , Rassaf Tienush 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has emerged as a pivotal advancement in cancer treatment, but the widespread adoption has given rise to a growing number of reports detailing significant cardiovascular toxicity. This review concentrates on elucidating the mechanisms behind ICI-related cardiovascular complications, emphasizing preclinical and mechanistic data.

Recent Findings
Accumulating evidence indicates a more significant role of immune checkpoints in maintaining cardiac integrity than previously understood, and new key scientific data are available to improve our understanding of ICI-related cardiovascular toxicity, including hidden cardiotoxicity. New avenues for innovative concepts are hypothesized, and opportunities to leverage the knowledge from ICI-therapy for pioneering approaches in related scientific domains can be derived from the latest scientific projects.

Summary
Cardiotoxicity from ICI therapy is a paramount challenge for cardio-oncology. Understanding the underlying effects builds the foundation for tailored cardioprotective approaches in the growing collective at risk for severe cardiovascular complications.
Osteoarthritis as an Enhanceropathy: Gene Regulation in Complex Musculoskeletal Disease
Authors: Roberts Jack B. , Rice Sarah J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Osteoarthritis is a complex and highly polygenic disease. Over 100 reported osteoarthritis risk variants fall in non-coding regions of the genome, ostensibly conferring functional effects through the disruption of regulatory elements impacting target gene expression. In this review, we summarise the progress that has advanced our knowledge of gene enhancers both within the field of osteoarthritis and more broadly in complex diseases.

Recent Findings
Advances in technologies such as ATAC-seq have facilitated our understanding of chromatin states in specific cell types, bolstering the interpretation of GWAS and the identification of effector genes. Their application to osteoarthritis research has revealed enhancers as the principal regulatory element driving disease-associated changes in gene expression. However, tissue-specific effects in gene regulatory mechanisms can contribute added complexity to biological interpretation.

Summary
Understanding gene enhancers and their altered activity in specific cell and tissue types is the key to unlocking the genetic complexity of osteoarthritis. The use of single-cell technologies in osteoarthritis research is still in its infancy. However, such tools offer great promise in improving our functional interpretation of osteoarthritis GWAS and the identification of druggable targets. Large-scale collaborative efforts will be imperative to understand tissue and cell-type specific molecular mechanisms underlying enhancer function in disease.
Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Therapy Improves Salivary Flow Rate in Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Hypofunction in Preclinical in vivo Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Carlander Amanda-Louise Fenger , Gundestrup Anders Kierkegaard , Jansson Per Marcus , Follin Bjarke , Hoeeg Cecilie , Kousholt Birgitte Saima , Larsen Rasmus Tolstrup , Jakobsen Kathrine Kronberg , Rimborg Susie , Fischer-Nielsen Anne , Grønhøj Christian , Buchwald Christian von , Lynggaard Charlotte Duch 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested for salivary gland (SG) restoration following radio-induced salivary gland damage. This study aimed to determine the safety and effectiveness of MSC therapy on radio-induced SG damage and hypofunction in preclinical in vivo studies.

Methods
PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched for preclinical in vivo interventional studies evaluating efficacy and safety of MSC treatment following radio-induced salivary gland damage published before 10th of January 2022. The primary endpoint was salivary flow rate (SFR) evaluated in a meta-analysis. The study protocol was published and registered on PROSPERO (www.crd.ac.uk/prospero), registration number CRD42021227336.

Results
A total of 16 preclinical in vivo studies were included for qualitative analysis (858 experimental animals) and 13 in the meta-analysis (404 experimental animals). MSCs originated from bone marrow (four studies), adipose tissue (10 studies) and salivary gland tissue (two studies) and were administered intravenously (three studies), intra-glandularly (11 studies) or subcutaneously (one study). No serious adverse events were reported. The overall effect on SFR was significantly increased with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 6.99 (95% CI: 2.55–11.42). Studies reported improvements in acinar tissue, vascular areas and paracrine factors.

Conclusion
In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed a significant effect of MSC therapy for restoring SG functioning and regenerating SG tissue following radiotherapy in preclinical in vivo studies without serious adverse events. MSC therapy holds significant therapeutic potential in the treatment of radio-induced xerostomia, but comprehensive, randomized, clinical trials in humans are required to ascertain their efficacy in a clinical setting.

Graphical Abstract
Mpox Pharyngitis
Authors: Saro-Buendía Miguel , Palacios-Díaz Rodolfo David , Suárez-Urquiza Pedro , Mansilla-Polo Miguel , Bancalari-Díaz Catalina , Cabrera-Guijo Javier , Armengot-Carceller Miguel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA case of mpox pharyngitis in absence of cutaneous lesions is reported. Usually, clinical presentation is either a cutaneous eruption or a combination of cutaneous and mucosal lesions. In patients with atypical pharyngitis, regardless of the presence of skin lesions, pharyngeal swabs should be collected to rule out mpox.
Paramedic Professionalism and Sex Work: Is it Morally Permissible for Paramedics to Also be Sex Workers?
Authors: Luck Morgan , Townsend Ruth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper we focus on the possibility that a paramedic might also be a (legal) sex worker. We consider whether such a possibility is grounds for an employer to dismiss, and/or a professional board to deregister, such a paramedic. To make this determination we consider whether it is ever permissible for an employer to dismiss someone because they are a sex worker. To this end we examine a paradigm case of permissible dismissal for engaging in sex work – that of being employed as a Catholic role model. We argue that the underlying principles that may make this dismissal permissible do not extend to the paramedic profession. We then examine an alternative argument for the permissibility of dismissing a paramedic for being a sex worker – that sex work may undermine public confidence in the profession. We put pressure on this argument, suggesting that professions have a duty to challenge certain biases even if, in doing so, public confidence in the profession may be undermined.
How does mindfulness relate to sustainable attitude and behavior? The role of possible mediators
Authors: Jansen Petra , Rahe Martina , Wolff Fabian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study’s primary goal is to investigate the relationship between different aspects of mindfulness which were carved out by a systematic literature review on sustainability through possible mediators. The relationship between different aspects of mindfulness (acceptance, acting with awareness, decentering, inner awareness, outer awareness, insight) and sustainable attitudes and behavior under the consideration of mediating variables (congruence of attitudes and behavior, values, well-being, connectedness to nature, disruption of routines, pro-socialness) was investigated in 337 participants. The results showed the diverse relation of mindfulness to sustainable attitude and behavior. In a mediation model, sustainable attitude and sustainable behavior were positively predicted by outer awareness and insight via connectedness to nature. Moreover, sustainable attitude and behavior were positively predicted by inner awareness, outer awareness, and insight via pro-socialness. There were no direct effects from any other aspect of mindfulness on sustainable attitude or behavior. Our study hints that connectedness to nature and pro-socialness are the relevant mediators between mindfulness (awareness and insight) and sustainable attitude and behavior. However, further intervention studies should test whether these mindfulness aspects are the most important for changing sustainable attitudes and behaviors.
The Influence of Glass Fiber and Copper Wire z-Binder on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Woven Polymeric Composites
Authors: Ghandour A. Ashraf , Selmy A. I. , Megahed M. , Kabeel A. M. , Ibrahim Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThree-dimensional composites (3D) have potential applications in various fields due to their enhanced properties compared to conventional two-dimensional composites (2D). This study investigates the effect of different volumes of z-binder made from copper wire and E-glass fiber on the mechanical properties of 3D woven polymeric composites. The tensile, flexural, and fracture toughness behavior of four types of 3D orthogonal woven composites were studied in addition to a comparative 2D composite. The creation of the 3D orthogonal single-ply fabrics involved weaving z-binders using two different copper wire diameters, single fiber bundles, and double fiber bundles, each combined with four layers of woven E-glass fiber. The consolidation process for both 2D fabric and single-fabric 3D woven composites was executed using the hand lay-up technique. The results showed that most 3D woven composites outperformed 2D composites in terms of fracture toughness (stress intensity factor KIC and energy release rate GIC) and flexural strain. However, a decrease in flexural strength and tensile properties was observed for all 3D composites. The specimen with a small copper diameter had the smallest decrease of 5% in tensile strength. Furthermore, a decrease of 9% and 21% was attained by reinforcing with double and single glass fiber bundle z-binders, respectively, as compared with 2D composites. The highest enhancement of 92.5% in flexural failure strain was attained with double glass fiber bundles of z-binder. The maximum improvement in KIC fracture toughness, reaching 126% and 101.5%, was observed in specimens with a single glass fiber bundle z-binder and those with a large copper wire diameter, respectively.
Beyond control over data: Conceptualizing data sovereignty from a social contract perspective
Authors: Abbas Antragama Ewa , van Velzen Thomas , Ofe Hosea , van de Kaa Geerten , Zuiderwijk Anneke , de Reuver Mark 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the data economy, data sovereignty is often conceptualized as data providers’ ability to control their shared data. While control is essential, the current literature overlooks how this facet interrelates with other sovereignty facets and contextual conditions. Drawing from social contract theory and insights from 31 expert interviews, we propose a data sovereignty conceptual framework encompassing protection, participation, and provision facets. The protection facets establish data sharing foundations by emphasizing baseline rights, such as data ownership. Building on this foundation, the participation facet, through responsibility divisions, steers the provision facets. Provision comprises facets such as control, security, and compliance mechanisms, thus ensuring that foundational rights are preserved during and after data sharing. Contextual conditions (data type, organizational size, and business data sharing setting) determine the level of difficulty in realizing sovereignty facets. For instance, if personal data is shared, privacy becomes a relevant protection facet, leading to challenges of ownership between data providers and data subjects, compliance demands, and control enforcement. Our novel conceptualization paves the way for coherent and comprehensive theory development concerning data sovereignty as a complex, multi-faceted construct.
Fouling communities from the South African west coast are vulnerable to cooling and ocean acidification
Authors: Matikinca Phikolomzi , Robinson Tamara B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChanging temperature and ocean acidification are well-recognised consequences of climate change in marine systems. In contrast to global trends, the South African west coast is experiencing cooling due to increased frequency and intensity of upwelling. The implications of concurrent cooling and acidification for marine biota are poorly understood, particularly at the community level. This laboratory study assessed how cooling and acidification might affect fouling communities along the South African west coast. Communities were experimentally exposed to two temperatures, 13℃ (current) and 9℃ (cooling), and three pH treatments, 7.9 (current), 7.6 and 7.4, for 18 days. Cooling and acidification altered community structure. Species diversity declined in response to acidification but was not affected by cooling. This was driven by greatest loss of species at 7.4 pH. Notably, acidification reduced the abundance of both calcifying and soft-bodied taxa, highlighting the vulnerability of taxa like ascidians to acidification. Overall, these results highlight the dominant threat posed by acidification, even for alien taxa that are often perceived as resilient to climate change. Additionally, in regions experiencing cooling, acidification may pose a greater threat to fouling communities than thermal changes.
An orbit determination software suite for Space Surveillance and Tracking applications
Authors: Montaruli Marco Felice , Purpura Giovanni , Cipollone Riccardo , Vittori Andrea De , Facchini Luca , Di Lizia Pierluigi , Massari Mauro , Peroni Moreno , Panico Alessandro , Cecchini Andrea , Rigamonti Marco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe growth of both operational satellites and orbital debris is creating the requirement for more robust Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST)-related applications. These systems necessarily must leverage ground-based sensors (optical and radar) to realise higher performance solutions. In this context, the European Union Space Surveillance and Tracking (EUSST) consortium groups European national agencies and institutions, and is in charge of carrying out the following services: conjunction analysis, fragmentation analysis and re-entry prediction, and the Italian Air Force is in charge of the latter two. In this framework, the Italian SST Operational Centre (ISOC) has recently upgraded its system to the ISOC Suite, an integrated platform providing multiple functions and services in the SST domain. This paper presents the orbit determination functions provided by the novel ISOC Suite. First, a statistical index is computed to assess the measurements correlation to a catalogued object. If it is successful, the object predicted orbit is refined through measurements according either to batch or sequential filters; otherwise these are used to refine a first estimate of the target orbital state computed according to dedicated methodologies. After the presentation of the prototypal software architecture, the ISOC Suite performance are assessed and discussed both in terms of synthetic and real data.
The prognostic value of LAYN in HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its influence on immune cell infiltration
Authors: Chen Qingjuan , Chen Jiankang , Lu Zuzhuang , Nian Rui , Li Wanjun , Yao Zhongqiang , Mou Shangdong , Liu Ying , Cao Xia , He Wenjing , Zhu Chenjing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits different characteristics from HPV-negative tumors in terms of tumor development, clinical features, treatment response, and prognosis. Layilin (LAYN), which contains homology with C-type lectins, plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of LAYN and the relationship between LAYN and immune infiltration levels in HPV-related HNSCC patients still require a comprehensive understanding. Herein, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of LAYN and to investigate its underlying immunological function in HPV-related HNSCC.

Methods
Through various bioinformatics methods, we analyzed the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases to explore the potential underlying oncogenic impression of LAYN, including the relevance of LAYN to survival outcomes, clinicopathological factors, immune cell infiltration, and immune marker sets in HPV-related HNSCC. The expression levels of LAYN and HPV were also verified in HNSCC patient tissues.

Results
LAYN was differentially expressed in a variety of tumors. The expression of LAYN in HNSCC was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.0001), and high expression of LAYN was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.3, P = 0.035). Moreover, LAYN expression level in HPV-positive HNSCC patients was significantly lower than that in HPV-negative patients, with HPV-positive HNSCC patients displaying a trend of favorable prognosis. In addition, the relationship between LAYN expression and immune infiltration levels in HPV-positive HNSCC group was less tightly correlated than that in HPV-negative HNSCC group, and there was a strong relationship between LAYN expression and markers of M2 macrophage (P < 0.001) and exhausted T cells (P < 0.05) in HPV-negative HNSCC. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis suggested that LAYN potentially influenced tumor progression through HPV infection and other cancer-related pathways.

Conclusions
LAYN might contribute to tumorigenesis via its positive correlation with immune checkpoint molecules and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Our study might provide a novel prognostic biomarker and latent therapeutic target for the treatment of HPV-related HNSCC.