bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Better Than One: Enhanced Photo‐Assisted Li‐O2 Batteries with Bimetallic Fe‐UiO‐66 Metal‐Organic Framework Photocathodes
Authors: Yang Yuting , Hu Xu , Wang Guofan , Han Jiale , Zhang Qinming , Liu Weiwei , Xie Zhaojun , Zhou Zhen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries, known for their impressive theoretical specific energy, face significant practical challenges, including slow kinetics, voltage hysteresis, and reduced cycle life. In this study, a novel approach is introduced utilizing a bimetallic metal‐organic framework known as Fe‐UiO‐66 as a multifunctional photocatalyst to enhance the oxygen‐related reactions in photo‐assisted Li‐O2 batteries. In contrast to UiO‐66, Fe‐UiO‐66 exhibits an extended response to visible light, as confirmed through UV–vis and photoluminescence spectra. Electron paramagnetic resonance analysis provides further validation of the pivotal role played by O2− radicals in the electrochemical processes. Additionally, computations are employed to elucidate the distinct function of Fe centers and the underlying reaction mechanisms. Li‐O2 batteries with Fe‐UiO‐66 cathodes have a reduced charge/discharge voltage difference of 0.14 V under illumination and operate stably for 500 cycles. This work encourages MOF‐based photocathode development for Li‐O2 batteries.
A Cu3BHT‐Graphene van der Waals Heterostructure with Strong Interlayer Coupling for Highly Efficient Photoinduced Charge Separation
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Fu Shuai , Zhang Wenjie , Liang Baokun , Liu Tsai‐Jung , Hambsch Mike , Pöhls Jonas F. , Wu Yufeng , Zhang Jianjun , Lan Tianshu , Li Xiaodong , Qi Haoyuan , Polozij Miroslav , Mannsfeld Stefan C. B. , Kaiser Ute , Bonn Mischa , Weitz R. Thomas , Heine Thomas , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Wang Hai I. , Dong Renhao , Feng Xinliang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional van der Waals heterostructures (2D vdWhs) are of significant interest due to their intriguing physical properties critically defined by the constituent monolayers and their interlayer coupling. Synthetic access to 2D vdWhs based on chemically tunable monolayer organic 2D materials remains challenging. Herein, the fabrication of a novel organic–inorganic bilayer vdWh by combining π‐conjugated 2D coordination polymer (2DCP, i.e., Cu3BHT, BHT = benzenehexathiol) with graphene is reported. Monolayer Cu3BHT with detectable µm2‐scale uniformity and atomic flatness is synthesized using on‐water surface chemistry. A combination of diffraction and imaging techniques enables the determination of the crystal structure of monolayer Cu3BHT with atomic precision. Leveraging the strong interlayer coupling, Cu3BHT‐graphene vdWh exhibits highly efficient photoinduced interlayer charge separation with a net electron transfer efficiency of up to 34% from Cu3BHT to graphene, superior to those of reported bilayer 2D vdWhs and molecular‐graphene vdWhs. This study unveils the potential for developing novel 2DCP‐based vdWhs with intriguing physical properties.
Recent Advances in Multi‐Scale Piezoresistive Interfaces for MXene‐Based Flexible Sensors
Authors: Ge Chengqi , Sun Beibei , Huang Yanhui , Alahi Md. Eshrat E. , Ma Qian , Wei Song , Hui Yun , Huang Zhaoling , Zeng Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFlexible piezoresistive sensors hold great promise in biomedicine and personal motion detection, attracting significant attention from researchers. Particularly, two‐dimensional (2D) MXene has made remarkable strides in biomedicine, electromagnetic shielding, and other practical applications, due to its exceptional hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, surface functional groups, and large specific surface area. The ease of composite material formation further makes it ideal for high‐sensitivity flexible sensors. This paper summarizes the principal structural configurations for the multi‐scale interfaces, performance assessment metrics, and the corresponding sensing mechanisms of flexible piezoresistive sensors. Subsequently, the main characteristics and synthesis methods of MXene, especially the related applications and parameters are introduced in detail. The research trends and typical applications of MXene‐based flexible piezoresistive sensors focused on film structures, fiber structures, 3D structures, and hydrogel structures, are highlighted systematically. In addition, the challenges and prospects that promoting the advancement of MXene‐based flexible piezoresistive sensors in future are also discussed, which will revolutionize the sensing field and offer a wealth of opportunities in biomedicine and beyond.
Strong Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence of Achiral Pt(II) Metallomesogen Induced by Using a Chiral Co‐Assembly Strategy
Authors: Li Qihuan , Zou Guo , Li Dong , Liu Chao , Gao Wentong , Li Yang , Cheng Yixiang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe high planarity and heavy‐atom effect of Pt(II) metallomesogens promote their stacking in the aggregated state and highly efficient phosphorescence. This makes them promising candidate materials for circularly polarized phosphorescence (CPP) triggered by using a chiral co‐assembly strategy. In this paper, a nematic phase, achiral robot‐like Pt(II) metallomesogen (TFPt) is synthesized, which combines two anchored chiral binaphthyl inducers (R/S1 or R/S2) to construct cholesteric liquid crystal (N*‐LC) co‐assemblies (R/S1)n‐(TFPt)1‐n and (R/S2)n‐(TFPt)1‐n via intermolecular interactions. The resultant N*‐LC chiral co‐assemblies (R1)0.03‐(TFPt)0.97 and (R2)0.03‐(TFPt)0.97 exhibit the strongest CPP emission with high dissymmetry factors (gem) of up to 0.18 and 0.27, respectively, stemming from the formation of regular helical nanofibers on spin‐coated films via co‐assembly process after thermal annealing at 165 °C.
Breakthrough Study of CO2 Adsorption and Regeneration Performance of Mn‐ and Ce‐Doped Ni–Al Layered Double Hydroxides Derived Mixed Oxides in Packed‐Bed Column
Authors: Wagassa Ararso N. , Zereffa Enyew A. , Shifa Tofik A. , Bansiwal Amit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) capture is an important strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and reduce global warming effects. This study synthesizes two nanomaterials, Ce‐doped Ni–Al mixed metal oxide (CNAO) and Mn‐doped Ni–Al mixed metal oxide (MNAO), from Mn‐ and Ce‐doped Ni–Al‐layered double hydroxides using a co‐precipitation method followed by a calcination process. The materials are characterized using various techniques, such as High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy‐energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy/selected area electron dispersion (HRTEM‐EDS/SAED), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT‐IR). The CO2 adsorption performance of the materials is evaluated using packed‐bed column experiments at the testing conditions of 13 vol% ± 1 vol% CO2 in N2 simulated flue gas, flow rate of 20 mL min−1, inlet pressure of 14.15 ± 0.1 psi, and temperature of 31 °C ± 2 °C. The results show that both CNAO and MNAO are promising nanomaterials for CO2 capture applications due to their high CO2 adsorption capacity and efficiency. CNAO has a higher saturation capacity of 11.4 mmol g−1 and a longer breakthrough time than MNAO, which has a saturation capacity of 10.0 mmol g−1. The doping of Ce and Mn enhances the CO2 adsorption capacity of the materials compared to the un‐doped Ni–Al mixed oxide. The mechanisms of CO2 adsorption are mainly linearly adsorbed CO2, bidentate, and monodentate or bulk carbonate formation, as revealed by ATR FT‐IR analysis. The regeneration performance results suggest that CNAO is more stable than MNAO under multiple regeneration cycles and more promising material for large‐scale CO2 capture applications.
Nitrosative Stress in Autism: Supportive Evidence and Implications for Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Frye Richard E. , Rose Shannon , Voinsky Irena , Gurwitz David 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA recent study by the Amal team published in this journal in May 2023 proved for the first time the link of nitric oxide (NO) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), thereby opening new venues for the potential use of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors as therapeutics for improving the neurological and behavioral symptoms of ASD. The authors conclude that their findings demonstrate that NO plays a significant role in ASD. Indeed, earlier studies support elevated NO and its metabolites, nitrite, and peroxynitrite, in individuals diagnosed with ASD. Dysregulated NOS activity may underlie the well‐documented mitochondrial dysfunction in a subset of individuals with ASD. Strategies for treating ASD shall also consider NO effects on mitochondrial respiration in modulating NOS activity. Further experimental evidence and controlled clinical trials with NOS modifiers are required for assessing their therapeutic potential for individuals with ASD.
Nanomaterials‐Induced Redox Imbalance: Challenged and Opportunities for Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wu Xumeng , Zhou Ziqi , Li Kai , Liu Shaoqin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCancer cells typically display redox imbalance compared with normal cells due to increased metabolic rate, accumulated mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated cell signaling, and accelerated peroxisomal activities. This redox imbalance may regulate gene expression, alter protein stability, and modulate existing cellular programs, resulting in inefficient treatment modalities. Therapeutic strategies targeting intra‐ or extracellular redox states of cancer cells at varying state of progression may trigger programmed cell death if exceeded a certain threshold, enabling therapeutic selectivity and overcoming cancer resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nanotechnology provides new opportunities for modulating redox state in cancer cells due to their excellent designability and high reactivity. Various nanomaterials are widely researched to enhance highly reactive substances (free radicals) production, disrupt the endogenous antioxidant defense systems, or both. Here, the physiological features of redox imbalance in cancer cells are described and the challenges in modulating redox state in cancer cells are illustrated. Then, nanomaterials that regulate redox imbalance are classified and elaborated upon based on their ability to target redox regulations. Finally, the future perspectives in this field are proposed. It is hoped this review provides guidance for the design of nanomaterials‐based approaches involving modulating intra‐ or extracellular redox states for cancer therapy, especially for cancers resistant to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, etc.
High‐Performance Hydrogel‐Encapsulated Engineered Exosomes for Supporting Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis and Boosting Diabetic Bone Regeneration
Authors: Liu Yulan , Lin Sihan , Xu Zeqian , Wu Yuqiong , Wang Guifang , Yang Guangzheng , Cao Lingyan , Chang Haishuang , Zhou Mingliang , Jiang Xinquan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe regeneration of bone defects in diabetic patients still faces challenges, as the intrinsic healing process is impaired by hyperglycemia. Inspired by the discovery that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is in a state of excessive stress and dysfunction under hyperglycemia, leading to osteogenic disorder, a novel engineered exosome is proposed to modulate ER homeostasis for restoring the function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results indicate that the constructed engineered exosomes efficiently regulate ER homeostasis and dramatically facilitate the function of MSCs in the hyperglycemic niche. Additionally, the underlying therapeutic mechanism of exosomes is elucidated. The results reveal that exosomes can directly provide recipient cells with SHP2 for the activation of mitophagy and elimination of mtROS, which is the immediate cause of ER dysfunction. To maximize the therapeutic effect of engineered exosomes, a high‐performance hydrogel with self‐healing, bioadhesive, and exosome‐conjugating properties is applied to encapsulate the engineered exosomes for in vivo application. In vivo, evaluation in diabetic bone defect repair models demonstrates that the engineered exosomes delivering hydrogel system intensively enhance osteogenesis. These findings provide crucial insight into the design and biological mechanism of ER homeostasis‐based tissue‐engineering strategies for diabetic bone regeneration.
Unveiling Favorable Microenvironment on Porous Doped Carbon Nanosheets for Superior H2O2 Electrosynthesis in Neutral Media
Authors: Jing Lingyan , Tian Qiang , Wang Wenyi , Li Xuan , Hu Qi , Yang Hengpan , He Chuanxin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDesigning effective electrocatalysts tailored for targeted reactions requires fundamental insights into the structure dependence of the reaction microenvironment. Herein, inspired by finite element simulations, N,O co‐doped carbon nanosheets featuring a hierarchical micro/mesoporous structure to form an oxygen‐rich and local alkaline‐like microenvironment for the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) in a neutral medium are designed. The in situ and ex situ test results confirmed that the micro/mesoporous carbon architecture can elevate the local pH and accelerate the generation of intermediates (*O2, *OOH), leading to high‐efficiency H2O2 production. Utilizing this favorable microenvironment, N,O‐CNS0.5 demonstrated exceptional H2O2 electrosynthesis performance in neutral media, achieving a superior H2O2 yield rate (6705 mmol gcatalyst−1 h−1 in a flow cell). Additionally, comparative experiments and density‐functional theory calculations provided confirmation of the bi‐doping of N and O as the active origin responsible for the electrochemical 2e− ORR. This study synergistically manipulates the reaction microenvironment and active sites, providing an opportunity for efficient H2O2 electro‐production in a neutral medium.
Ultrathin Reed Membranes: Nature's Intimate Ion‐Regulation Skins Safeguarding Zinc Metal Anodes in Aqueous Batteries
Authors: Huang Zien , Yang Shanchen , Zhang Ying , Zhang Yaxin , Xue Rongrong , Ma Yue , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe practical realization of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries relies crucially on effective interphases governing Zn electrodeposition chemistry. In this study, an innovative solution by introducing an ultrathin (≈2 µm) biomass membrane as an intimate artificial interface, functioning as nature's ion‐regulation skin to protect zinc metal anodes is proposed. Capitalizing on the inherent properties of natural reed membrane, including multiscale ion transport tunnels, abundant ─OH groups, and remarkable mechanical integrity, the reed membrane demonstrates efficacy in regulating uniform and rapid Zn2+ transport, promoting desolvation, and governing Zn (002) plane electrodeposition. Importantly, a unique in situ electrochemical Zn─O bond formation mechanism between the reed membrane and Zn electrode upon cycling is elucidated, resulting in a robustly adhered interface covering on the zinc anode surface, ultimately ensuring remarkable dendrite‐free and highly reversible Zn anodes. Consequently, the approach achieves a prolonged cycle life for over 1450 h at 3 mA cm−2/1.5 mAh cm−2 in symmetric Zn//Zn cells. Moreover, exceptional cyclic performance (88.95%, 4000 cycles) is obtained in active carbon‐based cells with an active mass loading of 5.8 mg cm−2. The approach offers a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly strategy for achieving stable and reversible zinc anodes for aqueous batteries.
Journey through diagnosis
Authors: Yaghy Antonio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis reflective poem explores the profound human impact of receiving a serious medical diagnosis. The speaker grapples with the emotional upheaval of this sudden severing from one's presumed healthy future. There are attempts to cling to denial or bargain for a different outcome. But the truth of the diagnosis persists, sending ripples of change throughout the patient's life. Dreams slip away and plans evaporate in the crucible of illness. After a struggle, the mind makes peace and courageously leans into the difficulties ahead. The poem celebrates the human capacity to accept vulnerability, find gifts within trials, and walk the remaining road with wisdom. It reflects on how a diagnosis can heighten awareness that life is fleeting and precious. The accompanying digital artwork was generated using OpenAI's DALL·E 3 and modified using Adobe Firefly. It is a stark, black canvas, which can be seen as a metaphor for the profound and contemplative journey described patients go through. It symbolizes the inner darkness and uncertainty faced when confronting life‐altering diagnoses, echoing the feelings of isolation, the search for meaning, and the gradual acceptance of a new reality as one navigates through the trials of illness.
C1ql3knockout affects microglia activation, neuronal integrity, and spontaneous behavior in Wistar rats
Authors: Zhang Li , Dong Wei , Li Jingwen , Gao Shan , Sheng Hanxuan , Kong Qi , Guan Feifei , Zhang Lianfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundC1QL3 is widely expressed in the brain and is specifically produced by a subset of excitatory neurons. However, its function is still not clear. We establishedC1ql3‐deficient rats to investigate the role of C1QL3 in the brain.MethodsC1ql3knockout (KO) rats were generated using CRISPR/Cas9.C1ql3KO was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, and western blotting. Microglia morphology and cytokine expression with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and real‐time PCR. The brain structure changes in KO rats were examined using magnetic resonance imaging. Neuronal architecture alteration was analyzed by performing Golgi staining. Behavior was evaluated using the open field test, Morris water maze test, and Y maze test.ResultsC1ql3KO significantly increased the number of ramified microglia and decreased the number of hypertrophic microglia, whereasC1ql3KO did not influence the expression of pro‐inflammatory factors and anti‐inflammatory factors except IL‐10.C1ql3KO brains had more amoeboid microglia types and higher Arg‐1 expression compared with the WT rats after LPS stimulation. The brain weights and HPC sizes ofC1ql3KO rats did not differ from WT rats.C1ql3KO damaged neuronal integrity including neuron dendritic arbors and spine density.C1ql3KO rats demonstrated an increase in spontaneous activity and an impairment in short working memory.ConclusionsC1ql3KO not only interrupts the neuronal integrity but also affects the microglial activation, resulting in hyperactive behavior and impaired short memory in rats, which highlights the role of C1QL3 in the regulation of structure and function of both neuronal and microglial cells.
Flu‐CED: A comparative transcriptomics database of influenza virus‐infected human and animal models
Authors: Wu Yue , Wang Jue , Xue Jing , Xiang Zhiguang , Guo Jianguo , Zhan Lingjun , Wei Qiang , Kong Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe continuing emergence of influenza virus has highlighted the value of public databases and related bioinformatic analysis tools in investigating transcriptomic change caused by different influenza virus infections in human and animal models.MethodsWe collected a large amount of transcriptome research data related to influenza virus‐infected human and animal models in public databases (GEO and ArrayExpress), and extracted and integrated array and metadata. The gene expression matrix was generated through strictly quality control, balance, standardization, batch correction, and gene annotation. We then analyzed gene expression in different species, virus, cells/tissues or after antibody/vaccine treatment and imported sample metadata and gene expression datasets into the database.ResultsOverall, maintaining careful processing and quality control, we collected 8064 samples from 103 independent datasets, and constructed a comparative transcriptomics database of influenza virus named the Flu‐CED database (Influenza comparative expression database, https://flu.com‐med.org.cn/). Using integrated and processed transcriptomic data, we established a user‐friendly website for realizing the integration, online retrieval, visualization, and exploration of gene expression of influenza virus infection in different species and the biological functions involved in differential genes. Flu‐CED can quickly query single and multi‐gene expression profiles, combining different experimental conditions for comparative transcriptome analysis, identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between comparison groups, and conveniently finding DEGs.ConclusionFlu‐CED provides data resources and tools for analyzing gene expression in human and animal models infected with influenza virus that can deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease occurrence and development, and enable prediction of key genes or therapeutic targets that can be used for medical research.
Seizure Cycles under Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Friedrichs‐Maeder Cecilia , Proix Timothée , Tcheng Thomas K. , Skarpaas Tara , Rao Vikram R. , Baud Maxime O. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to determine the effects of antiseizure medications (ASMs) on multidien (multiday) cycles of interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) and seizures and evaluate their potential clinical significance.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed up to 10 years of data from 88 of the 256 total adults with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy who participated in the clinical trials of the RNS System, an intracranial device that keeps records of IEA counts. Following adjunctive ASM trials, we evaluated changes over months in (1) rates of self‐reported disabling seizures and (2) multidien IEA cycle strength (spectral power for periodicity between 4 and 40 days). We used a survival analysis and the receiver operating characteristics to assess changes in IEA as a predictor of seizure control.ResultsAmong 56 (33.3%) of the 168 adjunctive ASM trials suitable for analysis, ASM introduction was followed by an average 50 to 70% decrease in multidien IEA cycle strength and a concomitant 50 to 70% decrease in relative seizure rate for up to 12 months. Individuals with a ≥50% decrease in IEA cycle strength in the first 3 months of an ASM trial had a higher probability of remaining seizure responders (≥50% seizure rate reduction, p < 10−7) or super‐responders (≥90%, p < 10−8) over the next 12 months.InterpretationIn this large cohort, a decrease in multidien IEA cycle strength following initiation of an adjunctive ASM correlated with seizure control for up to 12 months, suggesting that fluctuations in IEA mirror “disease activity” in pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy and may have clinical utility as a biomarker to predict treatment response. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:743–753
Integrating Olefin Carboamination and Hofmann‐Löffler‐Freytag Reaction by Radical Deconstruction of Hydrazonyl N−N Bond
Authors: Hu Si‐Pei , Gao Chen‐Hui , Liu Tu‐Ming , Miao Bing‐Yang , Wang Hong‐Chen , Yu Wei , Han Bing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAs a type of elementary organic compounds containing N−N single bond, hydrazone involved chemical conversions are extremely extensive, but they are mainly limited to N2‐retention and N2‐removal modes. We report herein an unprecedented protocol for the realization of division utilization of the N2‐moiety of hydrazone by a radical facilitated N−N bond deconstruction strategy. This new conversion mode enables the successful combination of alkene carboamination and Hofmann‐Löffler‐Freytag reaction by the reaction of N‐homoallyl mesitylenesulfonyl hydrazones with ethyl difluoroiodoacetate under photocatalytic redox neutral conditions. Mechanism studies reveal that the reaction undergoes a radical relay involving addition, crucial remote imino‐N migration and H‐atom transfer. Consequently, a series of structurally significant ϵ‐N‐sulphonamide‐α,α‐difluoro‐γ‐amino acid esters are efficiently produced via continuous C−C bond and dual C−N bonds forging.