bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The geometry of the equilibrium of forces and moments in shells
Authors: Adiels Emil , Williams Chris J. K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe demonstrate that the internal forces and moments in a shell structure can be described by 4 vectors in 3 dimensional space which could be used to express the equilibrium of a shell graphically. The internal forces and moments described by 2 of the 4 vectors actively carry imposed loads and imposed couples, while the other 2 describe ‘redundant’ internal forces and moments that are purely in equilibrium with themselves. Nevertheless redundant stresses and moments are important in controlling internal stresses and satisfying boundary conditions. We show that forces and moments ‘flow’ across a shell in exactly the same way that fluid flows, with a combination of irrotational flow and incompressible flow. The aim is that these ideas can help in the initial design of those shell structures which have to rely on bending moments in addition to membrane action in supporting loads, and also in the interpretation of results from an analysis using the finite element method. We demonstrate the use of the technique for the design of an umbrella structure like those built by Amancio Williams.
A novel method for helical gear modeling with an experimental validation
Authors: Cohen Roee , Bachar Lior , Matania Omri , Klein Renata , Bortman Jacob 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDynamic models are important for developing gear diagnostics methods since they allow physical phenomena occurring during operation to be studied in a relatively simple environment. The main challenge in gear modeling is the calculation of the time-variant gear mesh stiffness, and this challenge is even greater in helical gears. The mechanism of helical gears is more complex than in spur gears; the helix angle both adds an axial component to the contact force and also makes the contact line three-dimensional. This study suggests a novel dynamic model for helical gear vibrations that combines an existing validated dynamic model for spur gears with a unique extension for helical gears. The extension is based on a common method called “multi-slice”, according to which the helical tooth width is divided into infinitesimal slices, and each slice is treated as spur tooth. The suggested model introduces a novel implementation of the multi-slice method that overcomes the aforementioned challenges with only few parameters and calculations, depends on the tooth geometry. Furthermore, for the first time in helical gear modeling, the manufacturing profile errors are integrated to the model to generate scatter in the data that can better reflect the reality. The model is validated experimentally and for two different test-rigs by a qualitative comparison of the RMS of the vibration signal. The simulations and the measured data show similar behavior at different ranges of rotational speed and applied load, emphasizing the potential inherent in the model for future work on gear fault diagnosis.
Rhythm and the embodied aesthetics of infant-caregiver dialogue: insights from phenomenology
Authors: Levin Kasper , Gratier Maya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper explores how phenomenological notions of rhythm might accommodate a richer description of preverbal infant-caregiver dialogue. Developmental psychologists have theorized a crucial link between rhythm and intercorporeality in the emergence of intersubjectivity and self. Drawing on the descriptions of rhythm in the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Erwin Straus, Henri Maldiney and Maxine Sheets-Johnstone, the paper emphasizes the role of art and aesthetic processes proposing that they not only be considered as metaphorical or representational aspects of rhythm but as primary resources that can enrich and deepen our understanding of self-emergence and intercorporeality in preverbal infant-caregiver dialogue.
Entropically secure encryption with faster key expansion
Authors: Temel Mehmet Hüseyin , Škorić Boris 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEntropically secure encryption is a way to encrypt a large plaintext with a small key and still have information-theoretic security, thus in a certain sense circumventing Shannon’s result that perfect encryption requires the key to be at least as long as the entropy of the plaintext. Entropically secure encryption is possible when a lower bound is known on the entropy of the plaintext from the adversary’s point of view. The typical implementation is to expand the short key to the size of the plaintext, e.g. by multiplication with a public random string, and then use one-time pad encryption. This works in the classical as well as the quantum setting. In this paper, we introduce a new key expansion method that is faster than existing ones. We prove that it achieves the same security. The speed gain is most notable when the key length is a sizeable fraction of the message length. In particular, a factor of 2 is gained in the case of approximate randomization of quantum states. In the classical case, we obtain a reduction of the ciphertext size.
Newform Eisenstein congruences of local origin
Authors: Fretwell Dan , Roberts Jenny 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe give a general conjecture concerning the existence of Eisenstein congruences between weight $$k\ge 3$$

k
≥
3

newforms of square-free level NM and weight k new Eisenstein series of square-free level N. Our conjecture allows the forms to have arbitrary character $$\chi $$
χ
of conductor N. The special cases $$M=1$$

M
=
1

and $$M=p$$

M
=
p

prime are fully proved, with partial results given in general. We also consider the relation with the Bloch–Kato conjecture, and finish with computational examples demonstrating cases of our conjecture that have resisted proof.
The relationships among working memory, state anxiety, and academic performance in Chinese undergraduates with SLD
Authors: Wang Li-Chih , Chung Kevin Kien-Hoa , Jhuo Rong-An 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProcessing efficiency theory can explain the relationship between anxiety and academic success; however, its application to adults with Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) remains unclear, especially in a nonalphabetic language, such as Chinese. This study investigated the effects of working memory and processing speed on the relationships between state anxiety and academic performance of university students with and without SLD in Chinese. A sample of 223 s-year undergraduate students was recruited from universities in southern Taiwan; 123 were typical learners, while the remaining 100 were identified as having SLD. We found distinct profiles in the relationships between state anxiety, working memory, processing speed, and academic performance. The interaction between state anxiety and working memory was also predictive of the academic performance of university students with SLD, highlighting the negative impact of state anxiety on those students who performed poorly in working memory tasks. Our findings emphasize the importance of cognitive and psychological factors in contributing to the learning of students with SLD. Furthermore, the effects of working memory and state anxiety on academic performance, particularly in students with SLD, could inform the design of teaching materials and procedures, especially regarding the levels of difficulty and volumes of learning.
What Led to the Decline of Child Labour in the European Periphery? A Cointegration Approach with Long Historical Data
Authors: Goulart Pedro V. , Sobreira Nuno , Ferrittu Gianluca , Bedi Arjun S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The “traditional view” on the historical decline of child labour has emphasised the role of the approval of effective child labour (minimum working age) laws. Since then, the importance of alternative key driving factors such as schooling, demography, household income or technology has been highlighted. While historically leading countries such as England and industrial labour have been studied, peripheral Europe and a full participation rate also including agriculture and services have received limited research attention. The contribution of this paper is to provide a first empirical explanation for the child labour decline observed in a European peripheral country like Portugal using long historical yearly data. For doing so, we use long series of Portugal’s child labour participation rate and several candidate explanatory factors. We implement cointegration techniques to relate child labour with its main drivers. We find that not only factors related to the “traditional view” were important for the Portuguese case. In fact, a mixture of legislation, schooling, demography, income, and technological factors seem to have contributed to the sustainable fall of Portugal’s child labour. Hence, explanations for observed child labour decline seem to differ by country and context, introducing a more nuanced view of the existing literature.
Shear strength recovery of sand with self-healing polymeric capsules
Authors: Qi Rui , Chen Ke , Lin Hongjie , Kanellopoulos Antonios , Deyun Liu , Leung Anthony Kwan , Lourenço Sérgio D. N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSelf-healing approaches are increasingly being explored in various fields as a potential method to recover damaged material properties. By self-recovering without external intervention, self-healing techniques emerge as a potential solution to arrest or prevent the development of large strains problems in soils (e.g., landslides) and other ground effects that influence the serviceability of structures (e.g., differential settlement). In this study, a microcapsule-based self-healing sand was developed, and its performance during mixing and compaction, shearing, and recovery of shear strength was demonstrated. The cargo used for sand improvement, a hardening oil, tung oil, was encapsulated in calcium alginate capsules by the ionic gelation method. The surface properties, internal structure, thermal stability and molecular structure of the capsules were evaluated by advanced material characterization techniques. The survivability of capsules during mixing and compaction was assessed by measuring the content of tung oil released into the sand, while their influence on sand shear strength and its recovery was assessed with shear box tests. The results showed that the capsules could rupture due to movement of the sand particles, releasing the tung oil cargo, leading to its hardening and minimizing its strain-softening response and enhancing up to 76% of the sand shear strength (at a normal stress of 10 kPa and capsules content of 4%). This study demonstrates the potential of a capsules-based self-healing system to provide ‘smart’ autonomous soil strength recovery and thus with potential to actively control the large strain behavior of soils.
Barriers to endocrine therapy adherence: perspectives of Black breast cancer survivors and their providers
Authors: Lee Kimberley T. , Gonzalez Brian D. , Geiss Carley , Fulton Hayden J. , Charles Dannelle , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Henry N. Lynn , Jim Heather S. L. , Hershman Dawn L. , Tworoger Shelley S. , Gwede Clement K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Adherence to oral endocrine therapy (ET) remains an issue for up to half of women prescribed these medications. There is emerging data that Black breast cancer survivors (BCS) have lower rates of ET adherence. Given the disparities in breast cancer recurrence and survival for Black BCS compared to their White counterparts, the goal of this study is to better understand barriers to ET adherence among Black BCS from the patient and provider perspectives.

Methods
In this qualitative study, we conducted semi-structured interviews between October 29, 2021, and March 1, 2023. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and coded data were organized into primary and secondary themes. Participants were recruited from a single academic cancer center. A convenience sample of 24 Black BCS and 9 medical oncology providers was included. Eligible BCS were 18 years or older, English-speaking, diagnosed with stage I–III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, who had initiated ET.

Results
Mean age of the BCS was 55 years (interquartile range, IQR 17 years). About one-fourth had a high school diploma or less (26.1%) and 47% completed a college education or higher. Approximately one-third of participants had annual household incomes of $40,000 or less (30.4%) or more than $100,000 (30.4%). Forty-three percent of the patient participants had private insurance; 11% were insured through Medicaid or the federal healthcare exchange; 26.1% had Medicare; and 13% were uninsured. Of the 9 medical oncology providers interviewed, 2 were advanced practice providers, and 7 were medical oncologists.
We found 3 major themes: (1) Black BCS often had concerns about ET before initiation; (2) after initiation, both BCS and providers reported side effects as the most impactful barrier to ET adherence; and (3) survivors experienced challenges with managing ET side effects.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that multifaceted support interventions for managing ET-related symptoms may lead to improved adherence to ET among Black women and may reduce disparities in outcomes.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Multifaceted support interventions for managing ET-related symptoms may lead to improved adherence to ET among Black breast cancer survivors.
Predictors of stress among nursing home staff during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Navarro-Prados Ana Belén , Jiménez García-Tizón Sara , Meléndez Juan Carlos , López Javier 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has placed immense strain on nursing home staff, necessitating a closer examination of factors contributing to their stress levels. This study investigates predictors of stress among nursing home workers during the pandemic, focusing on psychological constructs such as burnout, sense of coherence (SOC), psychological flexibility, and cognitive fusion. A total of 170 nursing home professionals participated, completing questionnaires assessing various dimensions of burnout, SOC, experiential avoidance, anxious feelings and thoughts, and perceived stress. Results reveal significant correlations between perceived stress and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, SOC comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness, experiential avoidance, and anxious feelings and thoughts. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrates that experiential avoidance, anxious feelings and thoughts, emotional exhaustion, SOC comprehensibility, and personal accomplishment significantly predict perceived stress levels. These findings underscore the importance of addressing maladaptive coping mechanisms and promoting factors such as SOC and personal accomplishment to mitigate stress and burnout among nursing home professionals. Targeted interventions aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility and coping strategies are crucial for supporting the well-being of nursing home staff and ensuring high-quality care for residents amidst the ongoing pandemic challenges.
Post-marketing surveillance of the safety and effectiveness of nivolumab for classic Hodgkin lymphoma in Japan
Authors: Kawasaki Akira , Hatake Kiyohiko , Matsumura Itaru , Izutsu Koji , Hoshino Tomohiro , Akamatsu Ayumi , Kakuuchi Akito , Tobinai Kensei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNivolumab was approved for relapsed/refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in Japan in 2016. After its approval, a prospective, non-interventional, observational post-marketing surveillance was initiated to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of nivolumab treatment for up to 12 months in patients with relapsed/refractory cHL. Of 304 registered patients, 288 were included in safety analyses and 282 in effectiveness analyses. There were 191 (66.3%) male patients, median age was 64.0 years, and 54 patients (18.8%) had performance status ≥ 2. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were reported in 183 (63.5%) patients, with grade 3–5 TRAEs in 86 (29.9%). The most common TRAEs were infusion reaction (14.6%), hepatic function abnormal (5.9%), interstitial lung disease (ILD) (5.6%), and hypothyroidism (5.2%). TRAEs of special interest in ≥ 5% of patients were infusion reaction (15.6%), hepatic failure/hepatic dysfunction/hepatitis/cholangitis sclerosing (13.2%), thyroid dysfunction (9.7%), and ILD (7.3%). In multivariable analyses, prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was a risk factor for hepatic failure/hepatic dysfunction/hepatitis/cholangitis sclerosing, and prior thyroid gland disorders was a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction. The overall response rate was 61.7%. In conclusion, nivolumab showed a similar safety profile and comparable effectiveness to that reported in clinical trials for relapsed/refractory cHL (CheckMate 205, ONO-4538-15).
Human Health Impact Based on Adult European Consumers’ Dietary Exposure to Chemical Contaminants and Consumption of Unprocessed Red Meat, Processed Meat, and Legumes
Authors: Mihalache Octavian Augustin , Elliott Christopher , Dall’Asta Chiara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study we assessed the human health impact based on dietary trends for adult consumers in Europe. The risk of ten illnesses was estimated based on dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic, lead, cadmium, aflatoxin B1, and pesticides and consumption of unprocessed red meat, processed meat, and legumes (reference scenario (RS)) and a simulated alternative scenario of legumes consumption only (AS). Nutrient adequacy per each diet was estimated for vitamin B12, zinc, iron, and selenium. The burden of disease was quantified using Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The potential health risk and DALYs differ when comparing the burden due to exposure to chemical contaminants and the burden from the consumption of food, the former favoring the RS, while the latter favors the AS. The burden of disease due to exposure to chemical contaminants was between 672,410–1,215,875 DALYs in the RS, while in the AS it was between 964,132–1,084,229 DALYs. Consumption of processed meat added up to 1,813,338 DALYs, while legume intake averted 364,973 DALYs. However, the AS also indicated lower nutrient intakes potentially increasing the risk of nutrient inadequacy. A balanced diet made up of a variety of different foods is essential to prevent potentially higher dietary exposures to a range of chemical contaminants and assure adequate micronutrient intake. Greater importance should be given to food consumption trends and cross-referenced to existing and new natural toxin legislation and risk assessments in view of the ubiquitous and growing occurrence of heavy metals and mycotoxins in our food. The impacts of climate change, and the growing tendency toward plant-based diets are two factors which will drive further increases in human exposure to toxic contaminants.
Graphical Abstract
Periodic Solutions in Kolmogorov-Type Predator–Prey Systems
Authors: Fečkan Michal , Pačuta Július , Susanto Hadi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe consider a class of prey-predator models, i.e., a Kolmogorov-type system. We are interested in their dynamics when a certain parameter (that can be viewed as the death rate of the predator) changes from zero value to positive. By utilizing alternative but simple techniques, including a sub- and super-solutions method, we establish the existence of periodic solutions when some conditions are satisfied. We also prove that the solutions are bounded by a non-periodic trajectory when the parameter vanishes. We give an example to illustrate our results.
A drug prescription recommendation system based on novel DIAKID ontology and extensive semantic rules
Authors: Göğebakan Kadime , Ulu Ramazan , Abiyev Rahib , Şah Melike 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO) data from 2000 to 2019, the number of people living with Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is increasing rapidly. It is observed that Diabetes Mellitus increased by 70% and ranked in the top 10 among all causes of death, while the rate of those who died from CKD increased by 63% and rose from the 13th place to the 10th place. In this work, we combined the drug dose prediction model, drug-drug interaction warnings and drugs that potassium raising (K-raising) warnings to create a novel and effective ontology-based assistive prescription recommendation system for patients having both Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and CKD. Although there are several computational solutions that use ontology-based systems for treatment plans for these type of diseases, none of them combine information analysis and treatment plans prediction for T2DM and CKD. The proposed method is novel: (1) We develop a new drug-drug interaction model and drug dose ontology called DIAKID (for drugs of T2DM and CKD). (2) Using comprehensive Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules, we automatically extract the correct drug dose, K-raising drugs, and drug-drug interaction warnings based on the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) value of T2DM and CKD patients. The proposed work achieves very competitive results, and this is the first time such a study conducted on both diseases. The proposed system will guide clinicians in preparing prescriptions by giving necessary warnings about drug-drug interactions and doses.
Factorizing formal contexts from closures of necessity operators
Authors: Aragón Roberto G. , Medina Jesús , Ramírez-Poussa Eloísa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFactorizing datasets is an interesting process in a multitude of approaches, but many times it is not possible or efficient the computation of a factorization of the dataset. A method to obtain independent subcontexts of a formal context with Boolean data was proposed in Dubois and Prade based on the operators used in possibility theory. In this paper, we will analyze this method and study different properties related to the pairs of sets from which a factorization of a formal context arises. We also inspect how the properties given in the classical case can be extended to the fuzzy framework, which is essential to obtain a mechanism that allows the computation of independent subcontexts of a fuzzy context.
The role of echocardiography in pulmonary embolism for the prediction of in-hospital mortality: a retrospective study
Authors: Spampinato Michele Domenico , Portoraro Andrea , Sofia Soccorsa M. , Luppi Francesco , Benedetto Marcello , D’Angelo Luca , Galizia Giorgio , Fabbri Irma Sofia , Pagano Teresa , Perna Benedetta , Guarino Matteo , Passarini Giulia , Pavasini Rita , Passaro Angelina , De Giorgio Roberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular death, following myocardial infarction and stroke. The latest European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on PE recommend short-term prognostic stratification based on right ventricular (RV) overload detected by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) or contrast-enhanced chest CT. The aim of the study is to find out which of the signs of right ventricular dysfunction best predicts in-hospital mortality (IHM).

Methods
This is a monocentric, retrospective study including adult patients admitted from the emergency department with a c-e cCT confirmed diagnosis of PE between January 2018 and December 2022 who underwent a TTE within 48 h.

Results
509 patients (median age 76 years [IQR 67–84]) were included, with 7.1% IHM. At univariate analysis, RV/LV ratio > 1 (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.1–4.5), TAPSE < 17 mm (OR 4.73, 95% CI 2.3–9.8), the D-shape (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.71–8.14), and LVEF < 35% (OR 5.78, 95% CI 1.72–19.47) resulted significantly correlated with IHM. However, at multivariate analysis including also haemodynamic instability, PESI class > II, and abnormal hs-cTnI levels, only LVEF < 35% (OR 5.46, 95% CI 1.32–22.61) resulted an independent predictor of IHM.

Conclusion
Despite the recognised role of TTE in the early management of patients with circulatory shock and suspected PE, signs of RV dysfunction have been shown to be poor predictors of IHM, whereas severely reduced LVEF is an independent risk factor for in-hospital death.