bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agricultural socialized services empowering smallholder rice producers to achieve high technical efficiency: empirical evidence from southern China
Authors: Cai Baozhong , Shi Fang , Meseretchanie Abate , Betelhemabraham Geremew , Zeng Rong 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThis study emphasizes the importance of agricultural efficiency for food security and income generation, especially among smallholder rice farmers in southern China. Limited access to essential agricultural services hinders productivity in this region. The study highlights the significant potential of agricultural socialized services (ASS) in improving the technical efficiency of smallholder rice production.MethodsTo analyze the impact of ASS on technical efficiency in rice production, we focused on tillage, transplanting, crop protection, and harvest operations. We employed stochastic frontier analysis and collected data from smallholder farmers in Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang provinces. By estimating the technical efficiency of rice production, we aimed to assess the relationship between ASS and smallholder farmers’ technical efficiency.Results and discussionThe results of our analysis revealed that ASS significantly enhance the technical efficiency of rice production among smallholder farmers by supporting agricultural practices such as transplanting, crop protection, and harvest operations. However, we found that the impact of ASS on tillage operations was not statistically significant. Participation in ASS enhances smallholders’ access to modern production techniques, resources, and knowledge, leading to improved technical efficiency. These services also empower smallholder rice producers to adopt sustainable farming practices, access credit, financing, and market information, and promote collective action and cooperation, ultimately influencing technical efficiency.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the potential of ASS in improving the technical efficiency of smallholder rice production in southern China. Policymakers and agricultural organizations can use these insights to design interventions that promote efficient practices, enhance productivity, support livelihoods, and ensure food security in the region.
KADAR GULA DARAH DENGAN TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA DIABETESI
Authors: Wahyuningsih Siti , Astuti Ari Tri , Nofiartika Fera , Sulistyowati Yeny , Fitriani Sinta , Fitriyah Mawaddah , Wardianingsih Faras , Nurmaulida Rahma Cicik , Saputri Rissa Fadilla 
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: Prevalensi diabetes mellitus terdiagnosis dokter di Kabupaten Sleman lebih tinggi dari angka nasional (1,5%) dan menempati posisi tertinggi ketiga dari semua kabupaten Provinsi DIY sebesar 2,47 %. Jumlah penderita DM di Jakarta Utara dan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya juga tinggi. Terdapat beberapa factor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya DM seperti perilaku tidak tepat yang dapat meningkatkan kadar gula darah, antara lain gaya hidup yang berlebih, merokok, dan tidak patuh terhadap diit. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan diabetisi mudah terkena depresi. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan sebagian besar diabetesi mengalami depresi. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar gula darah dengan tingkat depresi pada diabetisi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di wilayah Yogyakarta, Jakarta Utara dan Tasikmalaya pada bulan April – Desember 2023 (9 bulan). Sampel penelitian ini merupakan diabetesi yang aktif menjadi anggota Prolanis di wilayah Yogyakarta, Jakarta Utara dan Tasikmalaya yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 120 orang. Gula darah yang diambil ada dua yaitu gula darah sewaktu secara langsung dan kadar HbA1c dari data sekunder. Penilaian skor depresi diukur menggunakan DASS-21. Analisis data menggunakan Uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Hasil uji korelasi Spearman antara kadar GDS dengan skor depresi menunjukkan r = -0,285 dengan nilai ρ = 0,002 (ρ < 0,05). Hasil Uji Spearman antara kadar HbA1c dengan skor depresi menunjukkan r = -0,293 dengan nilai ρ = 0,002 (ρ < 0,05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kadar GDS dan HbA1c dengan skor depresi. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan kadar gula darah dengan tingkat depresi.
The Sami Representations Reflecting the Multi-Ethnic North of the Saga Literature
Authors: Aalto Sirpa , Lehtola Veli-Pekka 
Published: March 2024

This article focuses on contextualizing the Sami (finnar) representations in Old Norse saga literature. The purpose is to show that the Sami representations reflect multi-layered Old Norse textual and oral traditions, and complex interaction between the Sami and the Norwegians in the Middle Ages. The stereotypes of the Sami tell us more about the society that created them than about real, historical events. We can be sure that behind them lie very mundane phenomena such as trade and marriages.
The ultimate goal of the article is therefore to reveal the multi-ethnic North that provided the background for the saga sources, a North whose history is not as homogeneous as sources suggest and quite unlike the modified version which found its way into the histories of nation states. The literary conventions of sagas are not just imaginary tales—their use in various contexts can reveal something essential in otherwise schematic images or configurations. Even researchers of the sagas have certain personal conceptions of what the “real” lives of the Sami were like at the time, and how the sagas depict this. In fact, they participate in a continuum of saga literature that generates representations of the Sami in history.
Wissenschaft und Abenteuer in der Arktis
Authors: Lüdecke Cornelia 
Published: March 2024

its beginning in 1868 German polar expeditions were focused on scientific exploration. History shows that around 1910 only well prepared and equipped expeditions were successful and could gain valuable experiences. The training expedition of the Bavarian officer Wilhelm Filchner who subsequently led the German Antarctic Expedition (1911–1912) was one of these. This is contrasted by the preliminary expedition to Nordaustlandet (Svalbard) of the west Prussian officer Herbert Schröder-Stranz. Other expeditions gave rise to longrangeinvestigations like the permanently occupied German Geophysical Observatory on Svalbard (1911–1914) established for the investigation of the upper air by aerological measurements to prepare a future exploration of the Arctic by airships.
There was a long tradition for German scientific expeditions to Greenland, which is represented for instance by Alfred Wegener‘s meteorological programme to investigate the glacial anticyclone. The year 1930 was a fateful year for German polar research, when he died on the ice-cap and geologist Hans Kurt Erich Krueger vanished in the north Canadian archipelago. Both men represented science as well as adventure.
International projects initiated or organised from the German side were always successful. Georg von Neumayer, director of the German Navy Observatory (Deutsche Seewarte), played an important role in organising the 1st International Polar Year (1882–1883) after the untimely death of Karl Weyprecht. Only extensive research without recognition of national borders would provide new scientific knowledge in meteorology and earth magnetics for weather forecast and shipping. After World War I economical ideas concerning the introductionof trans-arctic air traffic lead to the foundation of the International Society for the Exploration of the Arctic Regions by Means of Aircraft (Aeroarctic). In the meteorological planning of the first expedition with the airship LZ 127 “Graf Zeppelin” to the Russian Arctic, the results of the German Geophysical Observatory in Svalbard were used. This paper discusses the connections between science and adventure established through the German expeditions.
Aplikasi Media Pembelajaran Kimia Alkana Berbasis Android
Authors: Mubarokah Isna , Sudiarjo Aso , Sumaryana Yusuf 
Published: March 2024

Alkana merupakan salah satu materi pembelajaran kimia yang dianggap sulit dan membosankan oleh sebagian siswa SMA, sehingga sebagian siswa enggan untuk mempelajarinya. Dengan kondisi yang demikian siswa akan sulit menerima atau memahami materi yang diajarkan. Untuk meningkaatkan pembelajaran kimia dengan materi alkana perlu adanya media pembelajaran yang menarik dan inovatif yang bisa membantu siswa untuk mudah mempelajari materi alkana.
Sistem operasi Android sistem yang paling populer dan banyak digunakan diberbagai kalangan tidak terkecuali kalangan siswa SMA. Penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis Android berpotensi untuk membantu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi. Media pembelajaran ini memungkinkan siswa untuk belajar dimanapun dan kapanpun.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat media pembelajaran kimia berbasis Android untuk mempermudah siswa SMA kelas XI mempelajari materi kimia alkana dan mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran kimia alkana berbasis android pada pemahaman siswa SMA Kelas XI.
Metode pengembangan menggunakan model Siklus Hidup Mandiri (SHM), pada materi ini terdapat lima tahap yaitu Tahap analis, Design, Pengembangan, Implementasi dan Penilaian. Aplikasi Media Pembelajaran kimia alkana ini memberikan materi dan latihan tentang kimia alkana. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil penilaian ahli media sebesar 68,5% yang termasuk dalam kategori baik, penilaian pada siswa sebesar 65,74% yang termasuk dalam kategori baik. Pengaruh adanya aplikasi pada pembelajaran siswa yang di dapat dari perhitungan gain yang mendapat hasil sebanyak 0,35 termasuk dalam kategori ”sedang”.
PENILAIAN STATUS GIZI IBU HAMIL
Authors: Nurliawati Enok , Hersoni Soni 
Published: March 2024

Stunting merupakan masalah kekurangan gizi secara kronis. Oleh karena itu kekurangan gizi bukan hanya kekurangan zat nutrient setelah bayi lahir tetapi bisa disebabkan karena kekurangan gizi sejak pertumbuhan dalam Rahim, Dengan demikian maka pemantauan status gizi selama kehamilan merupakan suatu keniscayaan yang harus dilaksanakan agar permasalah yang terkait dengan gizi ibu hamil dapat segera ditangani. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat inu bertujuan untuk melakukan penilaian status gizi ]ibu hamil, Metode yang dilaksanakan yaitu pemeriksaan LiLA, menghitung kenaikan berat badan , pemeriksaan hemoglobin, anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 30 orang. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kegiatan ini Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran LiLA Sebagian besar ibu hamil mempunyai status gizi baik dengan peningkatan berat badan Sebagian besar dalam batas normal (sesuai dengan usia kehamilan) tetapi sebagain besar mengalami anemia yaitu sebanyak 17 orang (57%) yang ditunjang dengan keluhan yang disampaikan oleh ibu dan hasil pemeriksaan fisik.Kata Kunci: Ibu Hamil, IMT, LiLA, Status Gizi
Assessment of the role of albuminuria and uromodulin in the early diagnosis of renal function disorders in some types of obesity phenotypes
Authors: Gadaev A. G. , Dadabayeva R. K. 
Published: March 2024

The aim: to study of the relationship of biological markers reflecting damage of the kidneys with its functional state, as well as with clinical, metabolic, hormonal parameters and immunoinflammatory processes in obesity phenotypes.Patients and Methods: The study involved 224 obese Uzbek women who were divided into 2 groups according to the recommended criteria for metabolic syndrome: group 1 consisted of 133 women diagnosed with metabolic complicated obesity, average age 42.0±0.5; Group 2 consisted of 91 women diagnosed with metabolic healthy obesity, average age 41.7±0.7. The control group consisted of 45 healthy volunteers (women, mean age 43.2±0.8, body mass index ˂ 30 kg/m2, waist circumference less than 80 cm). In the observation groups, anthropometric indicators, blood pressure, biochemical tests and blood lipid spectrum, levels of leptin, insulin, cystatin C and uromodulin in the blood serum, gradations of microalbuminuria in urine were determined, the glomerular filtration rate was calculated for cystatin C and creatinine and the obtained indicators were compared.Results. In both obesity phenotypes, the amount of microalbuminuria and cystatin C significantly increased in group 1 compared to these indicators in group 2 and the control group, and the amount of uromodulin in the blood serum, on the contrary, decreased compared to the indicators in group 2 and control group (r ˂ 0.001) . An increase in the gradation of microalbuminuria and cystatin C and a decrease in the amount of uromodulin in the blood serum in both groups was expressed by a decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, which was clearly expressed in group 1 (χ2 = 4.5, r = 0.034). Also, an increase in body mass index was characterized by an increase in cardiometabolic disorders, an increase in the gradation of microalbuminuria, a decrease in the level of uromodulin in the blood serum and cytokinemia (p ˂ 0.001).Conclusion. In both obesity phenotypes, an increase in the degree of obesity was manifested by an increase in the level of cardiometabolic risk, as well as an increase in subclinical kidney damage. It is considered appropriate to determine the amount of uromodulin and cystatin C in blood serum and assess the gradation of microalbuminuria in the early diagnosis of renal dysfunction in obesity.
Percepção ambiental de estudantes do ensino fundamental sobre o Parque Natural Municipal dos Morros (Santa Maria, RS, Brasil)
Authors: Borgias Edna Mara Da Silva , Ferrarese Marina Deon , Do Canto-Dorow Thaís Scotti 
Published: March 2024

Este estudo é dedicado às Unidades de Conservação de Proteção Integral, aqui, especificamente, à categoria Parque Natural Municipal, chamada “Parque Natural Municipal dos Morros” (PNMM), situado em Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). O Parque está localizado em uma zona de transição geomorfológica e fitoecológica, entre os biomas Mata Atlântica e Pampa, com flora e fauna características e dotado de uma privilegiada beleza cênica. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de investigar a percepção ambiental de estudantes da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Profa. Hylda Vasconcellos sobre o PNMM, tendo em vista a elaboração de ações para motivar o conhecimento sobre o espaço, fomentar o pertencimento e a sua conservação, considerando que a escola está situada na zona de amortecimento do Parque. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de desenhos, com o uso da dinâmica chamada “Tela de Pintura”. Quanto à percepção dos estudantes, apesar de morarem no entorno do PNMM, a maioria não conhecia a Unidade de Conservação ou tinha uma visão parcial a seu respeito. Com o desenvolvimento das ações de Educação Ambiental, os estudantes terão a oportunidade de conhecer o PNMM - história, biodiversidade, pressões ambientais, e serão convidados a se tornar “Guardiães do PNMM”.
Morphogenesis of Hollow Bulbous Gypsum Structures Along a Brine Spring in Northeast Alberta
Authors: Broughton Paul L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The stromatolite tufa mound at La Saline Lake developed along the Athabasca River Valley in northeast Alberta consists of a 30 m-high structure with a multi-meter thick caprock of stratified gypsum. The gypsum caprock developed when the meteoric-charged groundwater channeled along shallowly buried Upper Devonian limestone was redirected deeper and encountered anhydrite beds of the Middle Devonian Prairie Evaporite Formation, only 175–200 m below. Discharge of the sulfate-saturated brine from the central vent of the gypsum caprock eventually ceased and the flow was redirected to the western lakefront bank of the tufa mound. This active brine spring, characterized by total dissolved solids level of ∼79,000 mg/L, is channeled along a 25 m gully toward La Saline Lake. The bottom sediment in each of the interconnected brine pools along the gully consists of a 2–4 cm-thick calcite-gypsum thrombolite and an overlying gypsum crust. This sulfate crust developed as densely packed arrays of hollow botryoidal to hemispheroidal and bulbous gypsum protuberances, each 0.5–1.5 cm long, that extend upward into the brine. This is the first documented example of bulbous protuberances of gypsum that developed within brine pools with hollow interiors. The unusual hollowness of these bulbous gypsum protuberances resulted from the rapid encasement of gas bubbles that ascended from the underlying thrombolite ooze and were trapped within the overlying microbial mats and meshwork of gypsum crystallites on the surface of the bottom pool sediment. Nanoscale biomineralization of gypsum developed along the parallel arrays of microbial stalks within the enveloping mat, resulting in a meshwork of parallel aligned crystallites that encased the surfaces of the trapped bubbles. Continued abiotic gypsum precipitation transitioned the abiotic crystallites into enlarged needle-form crystallites distributed as parallel arrays along curvilinear growth surface laminae. Sufficient rigidity on the bubble surfaces precluded implosion-collapse or detachment. Strontium adsorption widely stabilized the acicular crystals, inhibiting complete coalescence as gypsum spar.
Tectono-Metamorphic Evolution of the Cretaceous Kluane Schist, Southwest Yukon
Authors: Mckenzie Will. F. , Gibson H. Daniel , Dyck Brendan , Steele-Macinnis Matthew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A wealth of information regarding the Mesozoic evolution of the Northern Canadian and Alaskan Cordillera is held within a series of variably metamorphosed and deformed rocks that formed in Jura-Cretaceous basins. Located at the interface between the pericratonic Intermontane and exotic Insular terranes, these basinal rocks are key to understanding the timing and tectonic style of Insular terrane accretion, a topic of longstanding debate. This study unravels the structural and metamorphic evolution of one of these basins, the Kluane Basin, within southwest Yukon Territory.
The Kluane Schist is the primary assemblage of the Kluane Basin. It consists of metamorphosed and deformed low-Al pelites that were intruded by granodioritic plutons of the Paleocene Ruby Range batholith. Previous workers have suggested the variable metamorphic character of the Kluane Schist represents an extensive and static thermal aureole related to Ruby Range batholith emplacement. Our work, however, indicates that the Kluane Schist experienced Buchan-style metamorphism coeval with protracted deformation and can be divided into seven distinct petrologic zones, which, based on their unique combination of mineral assemblage and structure, are incompatible with static thermal metamorphism. Instead, we propose the Kluane Schist experienced two distinct metamorphic phases: (1) an early greenschist-facies phase that resulted in the development of a bedding-parallel chlorite-muscovite-titanite fabric, preserved by its lowest-grade units, and (2) a later amphibolite-facies phase that manifests as the progressive transposition of the earlier chlorite-muscovite-titanite fabric into a penetrative biotite-rich schistosity that transitions upgrade into a segregated gneissic fabric comprised of biotite-cordierite and plagioclase-quartz (± sillimanite-K-feldspar-melt).
By integrating the results of detailed petrography and petrological modeling, we demonstrate that the second main metamorphic phase experienced by the Kluane Schist preserves a record of pressures and temperatures that align with other Buchan-style terranes worldwide. Our data defines a field gradient across the Kluane Schist ranging from 3.0–3.5 kbar at 375–400 °C to 4–4.5 kbar at 700–750 °C. This record of a coupled Buchan-style metamorphic-deformational evolution and tops-to-the SW non-coaxial shear structures is consistent with the override of the thermally mature Yukon-Tanana terrane as the principal driver of Kluane Schist metamorphism, with some limited heat likely contributed by the late-syn- to post-tectonic intrusion of the Ruby Range batholith.
Once Colonizing Territories: the Disputed Lands at the Portuguese Official Public Works Records
Authors: Pereira Henrique Sónia 
Published: March 2024

Colonial archives congregate intricate webs of information and knowledge articulating numerous historical public and private services. What may represent a colonial public works archive? Are these archives solely collections of historical administrative documents? It seems that these archives can’t be merely the result of colonial administrative and bureaucratic procedures as they perform similarly to territory. Public works records testify to a dense landscape, summoning actors from numerous arenas – politicians, architects, engineers, entrepreneurs, and subalterns – with European uses, customs, and technology overseas. To provide answers to some interrogations surrounding disputed land, we will address Portuguese colonial Public Works records as references to the debate on colonizing territories.
SHAP value-based ERP analysis (SHERPA): Increasing the sensitivity of EEG signals with explainable AI methods
Authors: Sylvester Sophia , Sagehorn Merle , Gruber Thomas , Atzmueller Martin , Schöne Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConventionally, event-related potential (ERP) analysis relies on the researcher to identify the sensors and time points where an effect is expected. However, this approach is prone to bias and may limit the ability to detect unexpected effects or to investigate the full range of the electroencephalography (EEG) signal. Data-driven approaches circumvent this limitation, however, the multiple comparison problem and the statistical correction thereof affect both the sensitivity and specificity of the analysis. In this study, we present SHERPA – a novel approach based on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) designed to provide the researcher with a straightforward and objective method to find relevant latency ranges and electrodes. SHERPA is comprised of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classifying the conditions of the experiment and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) as a post hoc explainer to identify the important temporal and spatial features. A classical EEG face perception experiment is employed to validate the approach by comparing it to the established researcher- and data-driven approaches. Likewise, SHERPA identified an occipital cluster close to the temporal coordinates for the N170 effect expected. Most importantly, SHERPA allows quantifying the relevance of an ERP for a psychological mechanism by calculating an ”importance score”. Hence, SHERPA suggests the presence of a negative selection process at the early and later stages of processing. In conclusion, our new method not only offers an analysis approach suitable in situations with limited prior knowledge of the effect in question but also an increased sensitivity capable of distinguishing neural processes with high precision.
A Pan-STARRS1 Search for Planet Nine
Authors: Brown Michael E. , Holman Matthew J. , Batygin Konstantin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present a search for Planet Nine using the second data release of the Pan-STARRS1 survey. We rule out the existence of a Planet Nine with the characteristics of that predicted in Brown & Batygin to a 50% completion depth of V = 21.5. This survey, along with previous analyses of the Zwicky Transient Facility and Dark Energy Survey data, rules out 78% of the Brown & Batygin parameter space. Much of the remaining parameter space is at V > 21 in regions near and in the area where the northern galactic plane crosses the ecliptic.