bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyacetylene and Polynorbornene Derivatives Carrying TEMPO. Synthesis and Properties as Organic Radical Battery Materials
Authors: Katsumata Toru , Satoh Masaharu , Wada Jun , Shiotsuki Masashi , Sanda Fumio , Masuda Toshio 
Published: July 2006

AbstractSummary: 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidine 1‐oxyl (TEMPO)‐containing N‐propargylamide HCCCH2NHCO‐4‐TEMPO (1), propargyl ester HCCCH2OCO‐4‐TEMPO (2), phenylacetylene derivative HCCC6H3‐3,4‐(CO2‐4‐TEMPO)2 (3), and norbornene diester monomers, NB‐2,3‐exo,exo‐(CH2OCO‐4‐TEMPO)2 (4), NB‐2,3‐endo,exo‐(COO‐4‐TEMPO)2 (5a), NB‐2,3‐endo,endo‐(COO‐4‐TEMPO)2 (5b) (NB = norbornene, TEMPO = 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxyl) were synthesized and polymerized with rhodium and ruthenium catalysts. Monomers 2, 5a, and 5b gave polymers with number‐average molecular weights of 47 000–185 000 in 59–100% yields, while 1, 3, and 4 gave polymers insoluble in common organic solvents in 88–100% yields. The capacities of cells fabricated with poly(1), poly(2), and poly(3) were 67, 82, and 23 Ah · kg−1 based on the weight, respectively. The capacity of poly(5a)‐based cell reached the theoretical value (109 Ah · kg−1) of the polymer.Charge–discharge curves of poly(5a) at a current density of 0.13 mA · cm−2 (100 mA · g−1‐cathode active material) in the voltage range of 2.5–4.2 V.magnified imageCharge–discharge curves of poly(5a) at a current density of 0.13 mA · cm−2 (100 mA · g−1‐cathode active material) in the voltage range of 2.5–4.2 V.
Differential expression of insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 in pancreatic adenocarcinomas: Identification using DNA microarray
Authors: Johnson Sarah K. , Dennis Richard A. , Barone Gary W. , Lamps Laura W. , Haun Randy S. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its aggressiveness and resistance to both radiation and chemotherapeutic treatment. To better understand the molecular pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, DNA array technology was employed to identify genes differentially expressed in pancreatic tumors when compared to non‐malignant pancreatic tissues. RNA isolated from 11 PDACs and 14 non‐malignant bulk pancreatic duct specimens was used to probe Affymetrix U95A DNA arrays. Genes that displayed at least a fourfold differential expression were identified and real‐time quantitative PCR was used to verify the differential expression of selected upregulated genes. Interrogation of the DNA array revealed that 73 genes were upregulated in PDACs and 77 genes were downregulated. The majority of the 150 genes identified have not been previously reported to be differentially expressed in pancreatic tumors, although a number of the upregulated transcripts have been reported previously. Immunohistochemistry was used to correlate calponin and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐5 (IGFBP‐5) RNA levels with protein expression in PDACs and revealed peritumoral calponin staining in the reactive stroma and intense focal staining of islets cells expressing IGFBP‐5 at the edge of tumors; thus implicating the interplay of various cell types to promote neoplastic cell growth within pancreatic carcinomas. As a potential modulator of cell proliferation, the overexpression of IGFBP‐5 may, therefore, play a significant role in the malignant transformation of normal pancreatic epithelial cells. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XPD and XRCC1 and p53 mutations in lung carcinomas of never‐smokers
Authors: Gao Wei‐Min , Romkes Marjorie , Siegfried Jill M. , Luketich James D. , Keohavong Phouthone 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe etiology of lung cancer in population with little or no tobacco exposure is not well understood. Individual genetic susceptibility factors have been suggested to contribute to lung cancer risk in this population. Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene are implicated in the development of lung cancer as they are frequently found in lung tumors from both smokers and never‐smokers. In order to determine whether genetic polymorphisms affecting DNA repair capacity modulate p53 mutations in lung tumors from never‐smokers, we compared p53 mutations with genotypes of XPD 312, XPD 751, and XRCC1 399 in lung tumors from 43 lifetime never‐smokers. p53 mutations were identified in 10 (23%) cases and consisted mostly of G/C to A/T transitions. No statistically significant association was found between p53 mutations and genotypes of XPD 312 or XPD 751. However, patients with the XRCC1 399 Gln allele, that results in a lower base excision repair capacity, were more likely to have p53 mutations, compared with patients the wild‐type Arg allele (P = 0.03). In addition, the p53 mutation frequency increased with an increasing number of combined genotypes associated with a lower DNA repair capacity of XPD 312, XPD 751, and XRCC1 399 (P = 0.02). These results suggest that individuals who never smoked and had XRCC1 399 Gln allele may be at a greater risk of p53 mutations, especially if combined with the genotypes of XPD 312 and XPD 751 that may result in a lower DNA repair capacity. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amelogenin cross‐amplification in the family Bovidae and its application for sex determination
Authors: Weikard Rosemarie , Pitra Christian , Kühn Christa 
Published: July 2006

AbstractSex‐specific sequence variability of the amelogenin gene had been observed in a variety of mammalian species. In our study, the suitability of the amelogenin gene for sex determination in different species of the family Bovidae was examined. Based on a sequence insertion/deletion characteristic for X‐ and Y‐specific amelogenin (AMELX and AMELY), PCR amplification on male and female genomic DNA from domestic and wild bovine species, sheep and goat, consistently displayed a sex‐specific pattern. Thus, the amelogenin amplification by PCR proved to be a reliable method for sex determination not only in domestic and wild species of the tribe Bovini, but also in the related species sheep and goat. Sex determination using the amelogenin‐based assay can be performed with at least 40 pg of genomic DNA. The assay enables the investigation of small amounts of DNA from meat, hair, bones, and embryo biopsies to identify species and sex for a number of applications in animal production, forensics, population research, and monitoring within the family Bovidae. Sequence comparison of the amplified amelogenin gene region specific for male and female animals from domestic and wild bovide species revealed further sequence variations within and between sexes as well as between species. Sequence variations in the AMELX gene can be applied to discriminate Bos and Bison individuals from other bovine species, and also from sheep and goat. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of dibutyryl cAMP on the cAMP content, meiotic progression, and developmental potential of in vitro matured pre‐pubertal and adult pig oocytes
Authors: Bagg Melanie A. , Nottle Mark B. , Grupen Christopher G. , Armstrong David T. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPre‐pubertal pig oocytes display reduced developmental competence compared with adult oocytes following in vitro maturation (IVM). Exposure to dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) for the first 20 hr IVM improves development of pre‐pubertal oocytes, suggesting that their cAMP content may be inadequate. This study examined the effect of 1 mM dbcAMP treatment for the first 22 hr of IVM on the cAMP content, meiotic progression, and embryo development of pre‐pubertal and adult oocytes. In control groups, a two‐fold increase in cAMP was observed in adult oocytes after 22 hr IVM, with no change in pre‐pubertal oocyte cAMP content. At 22 hr IVM, dbcAMP treatment resulted in two‐ and five‐fold increases in pre‐pubertal and adult oocyte cAMP, respectively. After 22 hr control IVM, a greater proportion of pre‐pubertal oocytes occupied metaphase I (MI) compared with adult oocytes (69% vs. 49%). dbcAMP treatment reduced the proportion of pre‐pubertal and adult oocytes in MI stage at 22 hr. Despite dbcAMP treatment, the proportion of pre‐pubertal oocytes in the MI stage at 22 hr remained higher than that of adult oocytes. In control groups, adult oocytes displayed a greater ability to form blastocysts compared with pre‐pubertal oocytes following either parthenogenetic activation (59% vs. 25%) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) (47% vs. 19%). dbcAMP treatment increased subsequent blastocyst formation rates of pre‐pubertal oocytes, whereas blastocyst formation rates of adult oocytes remained unchanged. Our results suggest that the reduced developmental capacity of pre‐pubertal oocytes may be a consequence of their reduced ability to accumulate cAMP during IVM. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States
Authors: Paulozzi Leonard J. , Budnitz Daniel S. , Xi Yongli 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPurposeSince 1990, numerous jurisdictions in the United States (US) have reported increases in drug poisoning mortality. During the same time period, the use of opioid analgesics has increased markedly as part of more aggressive pain management. This study documented a dramatic increase in poisoning mortality rates and compared it to sales of opioid analgesics nationwide.MethodsTrend analysis of drug poisoning deaths using underlying cause of death and multiple cause of death mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and opioid analgesic sales data from the US Drug Enforcement Administration.ResultsUnintentional drug poisoning mortality rates increased on average 5.3% per year from 1979 to 1990 and 18.1% per year from 1990 to 2002. The rapid increase during the 1990s reflects the rising number of deaths attributed to narcotics and unspecified drugs. Between 1999 and 2002, the number of opioid analgesic poisonings on death certificates increased 91.2%, while heroin and cocaine poisonings increased 12.4% and 22.8%, respectively. By 2002, opioid analgesic poisoning was listed in 5528 deaths—more than either heroin or cocaine. The increase in deaths generally matched the increase in sales for each type of opioid. The increase in deaths involving methadone tracked the increase in methadone used as an analgesic rather than methadone used in narcotics treatment programs.ConclusionsA national epidemic of drug poisoning deaths began in the 1990s. Prescriptions for opioid analgesics also increased in this time frame and may have inadvertently contributed to the increases in drug poisoning deaths. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concordance between discharge prescriptions and insurance claims in post‐myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Jackevicius Cynthia A. , Paterson J. Michael , Naglie Gary 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPurposeTo assess the degree of concordance between the information (drug quantity, days' supply, and daily dose) recorded on hospital discharge prescriptions and what appears in a public drug insurance electronic claims database.MethodsA retrospective chart audit of hospital discharge prescriptions with linkage to a prescription claims database was conducted. Three hundred and forty‐five post‐myocardial infarction patients discharged from an Ontario university‐affiliated teaching hospital were included. The percentage of linkable records with perfect agreement between the written prescription and the insurance claim was our measure of concordance.ResultsSeventy‐seven per cent and 82% of discharge prescriptions were filled within 7 days, and 120 days post‐discharge, respectively. Of those dispensed and that contained adequate information, concordance was perfect for days' supply, quantity, and daily dose for 70.7% (95%CI 67.9–73.4%), 65.9% (95%CI 63.2–68.7%), and 75.9% (95%CI 73.2–78.6%) of prescriptions, respectively. For cardiac drugs, which comprised the majority of filled prescriptions, concordance was greater for daily dose and days' supply than for quantity (75.7% [95%CI 72.7–78.6%] and 75.5% [95%CI 72.6–78.4%] vs. 65.3% [95%CI 62.3–68.4%]). Concordance varied by medication type.ConclusionMost hospital discharge prescriptions were filled within 1 week. Among the data elements studied, concordance between written prescriptions and insurance claims was greatest for daily dose. Concordance was greater for scheduled cardiac medications than for other medications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectiveness of two insect growth regulators against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their impact on population densities of arthropod predators in cotton in Pakistan
Authors: Gogi Muhammad D , Sarfraz Rana M , Dosdall Lloyd M , Arif Muhammad J , Keddie Andrew B , Ashfaq Muhammad 
Published: July 2006

AbstractField efficacies of two insect growth regulators (IGRs) at two recommended application rates, buprofezin at 370 and 555 g AI ha−1 and lufenuron at 37 and 49 g AI ha−1, were determined against the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), and the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), in experimental plots of cotton at the Directorate of Cotton Research, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Adverse effects of the IGRs on populations of associated arthropod predators, namely geocorids, chrysopids, coccinellids, formicids and arachnids, were also assessed. Both IGRs significantly reduced populations of B. tabaci at each application rate 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment, and higher doses were more effective than lower doses. Buprofezin was not effective against H. armigera at any tested dose for any time of treatment in any spray. Lufenuron applied at 37 and 49 g AI ha−1 effectively suppressed H. armigera populations, resulting in significant reductions in crop damage. At lower doses, both IGRs appeared safe to predator populations, which did not differ significantly in IGR‐treated versus untreated control plots. Population densities of formicids and coccinellids were significantly lower at high concentrations of both IGRs in treatment plots, possibly as a result of reduced prey availability. The potential role of buprofezin and lufenuron for control of B. tabaci and H. armigera in a spray programme and the likelihood of direct toxic effects of IGRs on predatory fauna of cotton are discussed. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Double skin composite construction
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Ling , Han Lin‐Hai 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThere are several types of composite construction such as reinforced concrete (RC) sections, concrete‐filled tubes (CFT), composite beams, floors and frames, steel–concrete–steel sandwich (SCSS) double skin panels and concrete‐filled double skin tubes (CFDST). This paper focuses on CFDST. It gives the background, advantages and challenges of CFDST. The behaviour of such members subjected to static and dynamic loads are described. Future research in this area is pointed out.
QSAR Model for Prediction Capacity Factor of Molecular Imprinting Polymer Based on Gene Expression Programming
Authors: Si H. Z. , Zhang K. J. , Hu Z. D. , Fan B. T. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe Gene Expression Programming (GEP), as a novel type of learning machine, for the first time, has been in this study used to develop a quantitative structure–activity relationship model of 39 compounds of molecular imprinting polymer based on calculated chemical parameters. The comparison with heuristic method and support vector machines approaches reveals a good prediction of GEP.
Integrated Computational Methods for Prediction of the Lowest Observable Adverse Effect Level of Food‐Borne Molecules
Authors: Tilaoui Leila , Schilter Benoît , Tran Liên‐Anh , Mazzatorta Paolo , Grigorov Martin 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn this work we present an integrated system partly based on the commercially available software TOPKAT, which predicts chronic toxicity through provision of a computational estimation of Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) values. We found evidence that the LOAEL correlated with a specific class of molecular descriptors, known as 2D autocorrelation descriptors. The system developed is found to be helpful in supporting – with reasonable confidence – the prioritisation of issues in chemical food research, by establishing levels of safety concern in the absence of sufficient experimental toxicological data.
Hopping kinetics on a finite 1D chain: An exact analysis
Authors: McEwen J.‐S. , Payne S. H. , Kreuzer H. J. , Bracher C. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractIn the present study, we develop a kinetic lattice gas model for hopping in an inhomogeneous one‐dimensional adsorbate system with nearest‐neighbor interactions and periodic boundary conditions. From the matrices of the associated equations of motion, we can calculate adsorbate correlation functions in momentum space exactly on all time and length scales. The corresponding eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the long‐time, long‐wavelength limit yield the diffusion coefficient. We analyze its dependence on coverage and temperature and compare our results with earlier analytic work for this model. Our approach is readily extendable to two‐dimensional systems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of sertraline in human plasma
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Duan Xiaotao , Dai Xiaojian , Zhong Dafang 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA sensitive and rapid liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for the determination of sertraline in human plasma. The analyte and internal standard (IS, diphenhydramine) were extracted with 3 mL of diethyl ether/dichloromethane (2:1, v/v) from 0.25 mL plasma, then separated on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 column using methanol/water/formic acid (75:25:0.1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was applied via an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source for detection. The fragmentation pattern of the protonated sertraline was elucidated with the aid of product mass spectra of isotopologous peaks. Quantification was performed using selected reaction monitoring of the transitions of m/z 306 → 159 for sertraline and m/z 256 → 167 for the IS. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.10–100 ng/mL. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions, expressed by relative standard deviation, were both less than 6.7%. Assay accuracies were within ±6.9% as terms of relative error. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was identifiable and reproducible at 0.10 ng/mL with a precision of 8.3% and an accuracy of 9.6%. The validated method has been successfully applied for the pharmacokinetic study and bioequivalence evaluation of sertraline in 18 healthy volunteers after a single oral administration of 50 mg sertraline hydrochloride tablets. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mycosporine‐glutamicol‐glucoside: a natural UV‐absorbing secondary metabolite of rock‐inhabiting microcolonial fungi
Authors: Volkmann Marc , Whitehead Kenia , Rütters Heike , Rullkötter Jürgen , Gorbushina Anna A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2003; 17: 897–902
Structural determination of the novel fragmentation routes of morphine opiate receptor antagonists using electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Joly Nicolas , Aneed Anas El , Martin Patrick , Cecchelli Roméo , Banoub Joseph 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe original article to which this Addendum refers was published in Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2005; 19: 3119–3130.
Method to determine 4‐oxo‐retinoic acids, retinoic acids and retinol in serum and cell extracts by liquid chromatography/diode‐array detection atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Rühl Ralph 
Published: July 2006

AbstractRetinoic acid isomers, 4‐oxo‐retinoic acid isomers and retinol are present in the serum of mammals. In this study a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation, sample preparation and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method was established for quick and easy sample preparation and sensitive determination of retinoids such as all‐trans‐4‐oxo‐retinoic acid, 13‐cis‐4‐oxo‐retinoic acid, 13‐cis‐retinoic acid, 9‐cis‐retinoic acid, all‐trans‐retinoic acid and retinol in serum and cell extracts. Serum samples were simply treated with three times the volume of isopropanol, dried under vacuum, taken up in the HPLC solvent and immediately put into the autosampler for an automated single‐run HPLC analysis. With this MS/MS method we were able to detect 7 pg and quantify 20 pg of all‐trans‐retinoic acid, 4‐oxo‐all‐trans‐retinoic acid and retinol directly on‐column and were able to determine a concentration as low as 0.2 ng/mL in ethanolic standards and in biological samples. This method allows ultra‐sensitive detection, excellent selectivity and a very simple sample preparation to determine retinoic acids, 4‐oxo‐retinoic acids and retinol in serum and cell extracts for the study of endogenous retinoids. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable‐hydrogen isotope heterogeneity in keratinous materials: mass spectrometry and migratory wildlife tissue subsampling strategies
Authors: Wassenaar Leonard I. , Hobson Keith A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractStable‐hydrogen isotope measurements (δD) of biological tissues have gained widespread acceptance in wildlife and forensic studies, especially in tracking geographical movements of birds and other species. Continuous‐flow isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry enables high‐throughput δD analyses to be conducted on tissue samples as small as 0.15 mg, compared with conventional offline analyses that require 7–10 mg. This reduction in sample size has raised concerns regarding intra‐sample hydrogen isotopic variance due to potential biological heterogeneities that could exceed interpretations of geospatial origin. To help resolve this, feathers were obtained from captive birds to examine isotopic variance expected due to sample size, location, and heterogeneity factors, and from selected wild birds to examine isotopic variance due to these and to additional dietary or location changes during feather growth. Captive bird feathers were sub‐sampled along the vane on either side of a single feather at masses of 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.6, 1.0 and 2.0 mg, and along the rachis. The results showed consistency of feather δD measurements across a wide range of sample masses. Within‐feather δD isotopic variance for captive and some wild birds was as low as ±3‰ for vane material, which corresponds to a geospatial resolution of about 1 degree of latitude in central North America. Intra‐sample variance for the rachis was ±5‰, with lower δD values for both wild and captive birds. However, given the extraordinary intra‐feather δD variance observed in some wild species, we recommend researchers first carefully assess the degree of intra‐ and inter‐sample hydrogen isotopic variation in the selected tissue growth period for the species of interest before geospatial interpretations of origin are attempted. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.