bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical removal of anterolateral spinal lesions
Authors: Avman Nurhan , Özkal Ertuǧ , Erdoǧ Ahmet 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLateral and anterior lesions of the cervical spine have posed many technical problems for the neurosurgeon, and a number of approaches have been advocated to solve these difficulties. Microsurgical techniques combined with hemilaminectomy and facetectomy have improved results in cases of anterolateral lesions of the spine. This technique has been especially helpful in treating lesions in the cervical area because it permits exposure of the vertebral artery and the dissection of lesions from the wall of an intact artery.
Clinical and experimental microsurgery in China: An historical note
Authors: Lee Sun , Jun Shu 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDespite a slow begining, experimental microsurgery in China may now be on its way to developing a sound research effort to complement the advances made in clinical microsurgery. The development and advances made in both clinical and experimental microsurgery in China since 1946 are reviewed. The experimental and clinical efforts of Professor Wang Suy Hwa and Drs. Yang Dong Yue and Gu Ye Dong in this development are discussed.
Recovery of sensation in replanted digits— time of recovery and degree of two‐point discrimination
Authors: Yamauchi Sigeki , Nomura Susumu , Yoshimura Mitsuo , Ueno Tatsuya , Iwai Yoshinobu , Shimamura Kouji 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEven if good motor function returns in a replanted digit, if no useful sensation returns, the digit cannot be considered fully functional. In such cases sensory reconstruction with nerve grafts may be necessary, but it is difficult to determine the optimal time for such surgery. Therefore, we studied 37 replanted digits in which the palmar digital nerves had been severed bilaterally and anastomosed at the replantation procedure. Our findings indicate a correlation between the time at which sensation returned to the digits and the degree of two‐point discrimination (2PD) that returned. In digits in which sensation returned less than four months after replantation, a 2PD of less than 15 mm returned in more than 50% of cases, but when more than four months passed before the return of sensation, a useful degree of 2PD seldom returned. We believe, therefore, that if the recovery of sensation in a replanted digit has not been satisfactory by four months after replantation, reconstructive surgery should be considered.
Direct microvascular monitoring with implantable ultrasonic doppler probes
Authors: Pinnella John W. , Spira Melvin , Erk Yucel , Freed Debow , Hartley Craig J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA method for constructing high‐frequency pulsed Doppler ultrasonic microprobes is described. Such probes were constructed and implanted on the femoral arteries of 14 rats. All of the probes gave excellent signals during the early postoperative period and all probes were found to be functional when retrieved one month after implantation. We feel that high‐frequency pulsed Doppler microprobes have important advantages for microvascular monitoring.
Microsurgical one‐stage repair of hypospadias with a rectangular transverse dorsal preputial vascularized skin flap
Authors: Carmignani Giorgio , Belgrano Emanuele , Gaboardi Franco , Farina Furio Pirozzi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA microsurgical technique for one‐stage repair of hypospadias using a rectangular transverse dorsal preputial island skin flap is presented. The use of optical magnification, atraumatic technique, and microsurgical instruments allows a vascularized preputial skin flap to be raised and isolated on the dorsum of the penis and then rotated ventrally and tubulized into a neourethral channel. The meatus of the new urethral channel lies at the tip of the glans. Cover for the penis is simply obtained and does not require a longitudinal row of sutures. The need to remove the distal stenotic portion of the urethra and to correct any degree of chordee is outlined and emphasized. Good cosmetic and functional results demonstrate the efficacy of such a technique.
A Method for testicular denervation in rats
Authors: Kullendorff C. M. , Ivarsson H. , Ekelund M. , Holmin T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA successful method for microsurgical denervation of the testes in rats is described. Testes were unilaterally denervated in 15 animals. Thirteen untreated and two sham‐operated rats served as controls. With the animal under ether anesthesia, the spermatic vessels on either side were exposed with the aid of microsurgical technique and an operating microscope. The area was then dyed with two to three drops of 1% Toluidine blue. With utmost precaution the nerves were separated from the vessels and resected. A biopsy specimen from the epididymal fat pad of each side was removed and assayed for norepinephrine content. The denervation procedure was considered successful if the norepinephrine content of the denervated fat pad was less than 11% of that of the contralateral fat pad. The denervation procedure was successful in 13 of 15 animals. No recognizable side effects from the use of Toluidine blue were observed.
The reapplication of microvascular clamps after venous anastomosis: An experimental study
Authors: Fossati Enrique , Harashina Takao , Fujino Toyomi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAlbino rats were used to determine the effects of the reapplication of microvascular clamps in veins after anastomosis. The results demonstrate that, if necessary, microvascular clamps can be reapplied either proximal, or both proximal and distal to a venous anastomosis for up to 30 minutes, thus allowing a suture to be redone or the lumen to be explored with no loss of patency.
A Comparison of hemostatic agents in microvascular surgery
Authors: Achauer Bruce M. , Black Kirby S. , Grosmark Douglas M. , Hayamizu Terry F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe hemostatic abilities of oxidized cellulose, gelatin powder, microfibrillar collagen, and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene cuffs were compared on anastomoses of the femoral vessels in rats. The intraoperative hemostatic time and patency were recorded. Vessels that were patent intraoperatively were examined at various intervals postoperatively to determine patency and to detect the development of abnormalities, and specimens for examination under a scanning electron microscope were obtained. Microfibrillar collagen was found to be superior in maintaining patency and in ease of use. The PTFE cuffs demonstrated the shortest hemostatic times, but they produced distortion of the vessels several weeks after surgery. The authors conclude that microfibrillar collagen is the best overall hemostatic agent and have continued to use it experimentally and clinically with no complications.
Cross‐hand replantation: Preliminary case report
Authors: Kutz Joseph E. , Sinclair Stewart W. , Rao Venkat , Carlier Alain 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA 38‐year‐old man had his left hand avulsed and the middle third of his right upper extremity irretrievably injured in a mine accident. The right hand was replanted onto the left forearm. The operative procedure is summarized and problems associated with such a procedure are briefly discussed.
Comparison of efficacy of thrombolysin, streptokinase, and urokinase in a femoral vein clot model in rats
Authors: Cooley Brian C. , Jones Mark M. , Dellon A. Lee 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA venous clot model in rats was used to compare the ability of locally infused thrombolytic agents to lyse clots. Urokinase and a combination of streptokinase and human plasminogen (Thrombolysin) proved to be equally effective in lysing clots. In comparison, streptokinase alone was not as effective a thrombolytic agent in this model.
The histopathology of microvascular anastomosis: A study of the incidence of various tissue changes
Authors: Chow S. P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe histopathologic changes caused by microvascular anastomosis were studied in 178 femoral arteries of rats. While in all vessels the tissue surrounded by the suture loops at the anastomosis showed the strangulating effect of the suture with the process of repair being evident on the endothelial and adventitial surfaces, there were certain differences in the changes between patent and thrombosed vessels in the areas adjacent to the anastomosis. A study of the incidence of various tissue changes showed that endothelial integrity is important for patency of the anastomosis.
Vascularized fibular grafting for treatment of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head–preliminary results in four cases
Authors: Fujimaki Arihisa , Yamauchi Yasuo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractVascularized grafting with segments of fibula was performed in four men with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The patients were restricted to relatively young individuals in whom the necrosis seemed to be confined to two‐thirds or less of the femoral head and in whom the outer shell of the femoral head appeared relatively well preserved. The operative technique is described, and the interim results from follow‐up ranging from one year, two months to three years, eight months are reported. Three of the four hips became asymptomatic after surgery with x‐ray films showing no progression of the necrosis or deformity. In one hip, however, mild pain, bony absorption, and some progression of the deformity persisted. Although the final results in these four cases remain to be seen, vascularized fibular grafting will find a place in the treatment of early avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Immediate total scalp and skull reconstruction
Authors: Smith P. J. , Morgan B. D. G. , Crockard H. A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA patient who required excision of a large basal cell carcinoma was left with a scalp defect measuring 23 cm × 23 cm, associated with an underlying bony defect of 18 cm × 16 cm with a similar dural defect. Simultaneous reconstruction of all three layers was performed using a large free latissimus dorsi flap, titanium strips, and lumbar fascia. A satisfactory cosmetic and functional result was obtained using this technique.
Is a crossover to the contralateral side by nerve transplants a satisfactory source for reinnervation of a muscle transplant? an experimental study in the rectus femoris muscle of the rabbit
Authors: Frey M. , Gruber H. , Freilinger G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn ten rabbits the nerve branch to the left rectus femoris muscle was prolonged to the contralateral side by a nerve graft. Three months later the distal end of the transplant was connected to the transsected nerve branch to the right rectus femoris muscle. Nerve biopsies were taken from the muscle nerve, the nerve graft at the time of grafting and from the distal end of the nerve graft immediately before nerve suture in the second operation. Six months after the second operation the final assessment of muscle function and of the histology of the muscle and of the muscle nerve was performed. The functional results of the rectus femoris muscle reinnervated by a crossover nerve graft ranged between 6% and 56% of a normal standard muscle and seemed to be insufficient to justify a clinical use for muscle transplant reinnervation in the extremities. The histological findings also confirmed the basic possibility of elongating a motor nerve by nerve grafts, but the second nerve suture, the interposition of a long nerve graft, and the obviously changed reflex system probably caused a moderate and unpredictable muscle function.
A microvascular surgical practice disc for beginners
Authors: Lee Sun , Coppersmith Ward J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn order to assist beginners in microsurgery in practicing microvascular suturing without the use of an animal model, we devised an apparatus composed of a Lucite disc with Lucite cylinders attached to either side. On the one side, a piece of rubber glove can be attached for practice of either continuous or interrupted suturing. On the other side, four slots in the cylinder permit suture material or simulated blood vessel to be placed and held for practice in tying knots or end‐to‐end anastomosis. The disc apparatus is very inexpensive, durable, and easily obtained.
A portable microvascular laboratory for the office
Authors: Sukoff Michael H. , Salibian Arthur , Arick Thomas P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRegular exercises in microsurgery are mandatory for the microsurgeon to develop and maintain skill. Not all microsurgeons have access to a hospital or university laboratory in which to perform such microsurgical procedures. The authors describe a simple model for a portable microvascular laboratory that can be set up in an office.
Thumb reconstruction with an iliac bone graft and a dorsalis pedis flap transplant including the extensor digitorum brevis muscle for restoring opposition: A case report
Authors: Tamai Susumu , Fukui Akihiro , Shimizu Toyonobu , Yamaguchi Takeshi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA method for thumb reconstruction with an iliac bone graft and a dorsalis pedis flap transplant, including the extensor digitorum brevis muscle for restoring opposition, is presented. This case involved a 21‐year‐old man with a traumatically absent right thumb at the metacarpal base. Thumb reconstruction by means of an iliac bone graft with immediate transfer of a dorsalis pedis neurovascular sensory free flap, including the extensor digitorum brevis muscle to restore the opponens pollicis muscle, was carried out. After a period of six months he had gained satisfactory opposition of his newly reconstructed thumb to the ring finger, with evidence of contraction of the muscle on electromyograms.
Stereomicroscopy as a diagnostic aid in evaluating the viability of island flaps: An experimental study
Authors: Ballantyne Donald L. , Razaboni Rosa Maria , Converse John Marquis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study entailed direct stereomicroscopic observations of rat abdominal island flaps and the sequence of vascular events that occurred during and after occlusion by clamping of the individual femoral vessels for varying time intervals of up to 16 hours. The vascular changes and the status of the circulation in the flap vasculature, including the timing of complete hemal stasis and resumption of flow, following the application and subsequent release of the vessel clamp were observed and correlated with flap viability and behavior. This study also included a grading system of the vascular changes observed under a stereomicroscope. From these findings, it is suggested that in vivo stereomicroscopy may serve as a new and simple clinical tool for the early diagnosis of thrombosis at the site of microvascular anastomosis of a free flap transfer and may define time limits during which the anastomosis can be successfully corrected and the flap salvaged.
End‐to‐side anastomosis of the vein: A technical innovation
Authors: Harashina Takao 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new technique for easier end‐to‐side anastomosis of veins is presented. By applying a few traction sutures to the edge of the venotomy and tenting the venous wall, thereby keeping the venotomy open, end‐to‐side anastomosis of the vein can be easily performed.
Efficacy of polyglycolic acid (Dexon) microsutures in peripheral nerve anastomoses in the rat: 1. Epineural suture
Authors: Lee Sun , deMacedo A. R. , Chan E. , Wolf Paul , Han Keith , Li Shuj‐J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe efficacy of polyglycolic acid (Dexon) microsuture in peripheral nerve repair was studied using 84 and 28 reanastomoses of freshly severed rat sciatic nerve employing Dexon and nylon 9‐0 interrupted epineural suture technique. Animals were sacrificed and sutured portions of the nerves were histologically examined. There were almost identical suture reactions by day 7, except that the intensity of polymorphonuclear (PMN) and macrophage infiltrate in the nylon‐sutured nerves was far greater than in the Dexonsutured group. Although the intensity of the nylon‐suture reaction subsided considerably after day 21, the lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells surrounded the suture as long as the sutures remained in the nerves up to 12 months postoperatively. The Dexon‐sutured nerve segments showed disappearance of the inflammatory cells as soon as the sutures were completely absorbed. The Dexon sutures were still detectable at months 1 and 2 but not after month 3.
The external ring method of microvenous anastomosis: A new experimental concept
Authors: Weinrib Harry , Schenck Robert R. , Sadr Bahman 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new method of microvenous anastomosis has been devised using a rigid ring around the anastomotic circumference. Only four sutures are used in the anastomosis and these are tied around the ring so as to stretch open the anastomotic site. The method has been tested in experimental rats and compared with the standard technique of anastomosis. The results and possible clinical implications of this method are discussed.
A microtourniquet carrier for use in the microsurgical laboratory
Authors: Haines Peter C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe construction of a simple, inexpensive microtourniquet carrier is described. The carrier can be made from materials readily available in the microsurgical laboratory or the operating room. The carrier increases the ease of occluding a vessel with a microtourniquet and increases the speed of applying a number of tourniquets sequentially, thereby making the microtourniquet an attractive alternative to the more expensive and less flexible microvascular clip for temporary vascular occlusion.
Comparison of two laser Doppler flowmeters for the monitoring of dermal blood flow
Authors: Fischer Joseph C. , Parker Paul M. , Shaw William W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLaser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is a noninvasive and continuous method of monitoring dermal blood flow in free flaps. There are two LDFs available for clinical application: the LD5000 Laser Doppler Perfusion Monitor and the Periflux Laser Doppler Flowmeter. Varying degrees of arterial (N = 46) and venous (N = 28) occlusion were induced in saphenous island flaps of the dog, while simultaneous measurements with the LD5000 and Periflux LDFs were made. The millivoltage output of both the LD5000 and the Periflux showed a high degree of correlation with arterial and venous occlusion and with each other.
A new anastomosis technique for large‐calibered vein grafts
Authors: Harashina Takao , Takaki Jose Louis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new anastomosis technique for large‐calibered vein graft to repair a smallersized arterial defect is presented. At the proximal (upstream) anastomosis, a combination of sleeve anastomosis technique and plication of excess vessel wall is performed; and at the distal (downstream) anastomosis, the “fishmouth” incision technique is used. The patency rate obtained with this technique is quite satisfactory, which justifies its use in clinical situations.
The effect of stasis on a microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Fernandez Enrique J. , Nadal Richard D. , Gonzalez Sandy M. , Caffee H. Hollis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn experiment was done in rats to determine the effect of stopping the flow of blood across a fresh anastomosis. It was found that brief periods of stasis, up to 30 minutes, caused a minimal increase in the rate of thrombosis, but 60 minutes of stasis caused a significant risk of thrombosis in both arteries and veins. The thrombosis associated with stasis could be prevented by the systemic administration of heparin.
Evaluation of the patency rate of fibrous microvascular polyurethane prostheses after implantation in the rat aorta
Authors: Hess Frits , Jerusalem Christoph , Braun Bernd , Grande Peter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwo types of fibrous polyurethane prostheses with different compliances were implanted into the rat aorta with interrupted sutures and a running suture line. Excluding two technical failures, one unexplained death, and three infected prostheses, both groups (n = 21) showed a patency rate of 100%, up to 6 months after implantation. Rapid reendothelialisation occurred, and a stable neo‐intima was formed. Compliance of the prostheses, as well as the suture technique used, has proven to be an unimportant factor in the rat aorta model, probably due to the low magnitude of the pulsations of the rat aorta. The experience of the surgeon with microsurgical techniques seems to be an underestimated factor in determining patency rates of microvascular prostheses.
Physiologic tremor and microsurgery
Authors: Harwell Richard C. , Ferguson R. Lawrence 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPhysiologic tremor hampers the ability of students to learn microsurgical technique. An understanding of normal tremor both as to origin and methods of control would be of help. Physiological tremor arises from both mechanical and neuromuscular sources and is made worse by a number of factors. The “size principle of motoneuron recruitment” is an important physiologic consideration, and the use of biofeedback techniques enables the student to confirm his understanding of the principle. Knowledge of the factors which aggravate physiological tremor allows the microsurgeon to control his own tremor both in the laboratory and in the operating room.
Heart and spleen “Twin Grafts” in rats: Morphology and function in permanent survivals
Authors: Blanchard Jacqueline M. , Eckner Frederich A. O. , Tauber Jürg W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new rat allograft model has been investigated for its potential to facilitate organ transplantation. In this procedure heart and spleen of male inbred LEW rat (RT1′) were connected to the main abdominal vessels in inbred ACI rat (RT1a). With optimal surgical technique we obtain 64% permanent graft survival (5–14 months) in the splenectomized recipients. Cardiac histology ranged from preserved myocardium with moderate thickening of coronary artery walls to diffuse myocardial fibrosis with marked involutional changes of coronary arteries. Whereas palpation and EKG wrongly indicate good function beyond the fourth month, only the phonocardiogram shows the rapid functional loss which reflects the true morphologic involution.
The effect of vibration on vision during microsurgery
Authors: Kagan Jonathan , Gehly Joel C. , Wilson Hugh R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study was initiated to assess the effects of vibrating optics on a microsurgeon's ability to visualize. The results have led to criteria of image displacement versus frequency which could be applied to the design of a surgical‐microscope mounting system. To provide minimum added strain to the microsurgeon, the ideal microscope mounting system should not transmit vibration from the hospital environment to the microscope optics at a level that is detectable by the visual system of the surgeon. This can be avoided by isolating the microscope mounting system from the vibratory environment of the hospital and by designing the microscope support system to minimize vibrations at frequencies that are most readily detectable by the human visual system.
Entrapment of the median nerve after posterior dislocation of the elbow
Authors: Ayala H. , De Pablos J. , Gonzalez J. , Martinez A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe authors present two cases of complete median nerve paralysis due to entrapment after posterior dislocation of the elbow. Previous literature on the subject matter is reviewed, and management and therapeutic indication of these lesions are discussed.