bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Al−Air Batteries for Seasonal/Annual Energy Storage: Progress beyond Materials
Authors: Xu Cheng , Liu Xu , Sumińska‐Ebersoldt Olga , Passerini Stefano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCost‐effective and zero‐carbon‐emission seasonal/annual energy storage is highly required to achieve the Zero Emission Scenario (ZES) by 2050. The combination of Al production via inert‐anode smelting and Al conversion to electricity via Al−air batteries is a potential option. Although playing an important role in this approach, Al−air batteries, however, suffer from limited specific energy and inefficient collection of the discharge product. Herein, an important progress in addressing these issues is summarized, emphasizing the importance of non‐material, but rather process‐related aspects. First, a recently reported approach allowing controllable collection of discharge product and electrolyte regeneration is presented. Next, the importance of cell design in addressing the obstacles of Al−air batteries is emphasized. Subsequently, the impact of operational parameters on improving electrochemical performance of Al−air batteries is summarized. Last, a perspective on future research directions is proposed.
Untargeted metabolomics reveals potential plasma biomarkers for diagnosis of primary aldosteronism using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Song Jing‐Jing , Cai Jun , Ma Wen‐Jun , Lou Ying , Bian Jin , Zhao Beibei , She Xuhui , Liu Xiao‐Ning 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetabolite profiling has the potential to comprehensively bridge phenotypes and complex heterogeneous physiological and pathological states. We performed a metabolomics study using parallel liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) combined with multivariate data analysis to screen for biomarkers of primary aldosteronism (PA) from a cohort of 111 PA patients and 218 primary hypertension (PH) patients. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography separations were employed to obtain a global plasma metabolome of endogenous metabolites. The satisfactory classification between PA and PH patients was obtained using the MVDA model. A total of 35 differential metabolites were screened out and identified. A diagnostic biomarker panel was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) binary logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Joint analysis with clinical indicators, including plasma supine aldosterone level, plasma orthostatic aldosterone level, body mass index, and blood potassium, revealed that the combination of metabolite biomarker panel and plasma supine aldosterone has the best clinical diagnostic efficacy.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Biological Activities of 1,3,4‐ Thiadiazole Derivatives Containing Sulfonylpiperazine Structures
Authors: Liu You‐hua , Wang Fa‐li , Ren Xiao‐li , Li Chang‐kun , Jin Lin‐hong , Zhou Xia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo develop novel bacterial biofilm inhibiting agents, a series of 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives containing sulfonylpiperazine structures were designed, synthesized, and characterized using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, their biological activities were evaluated, and the ensuing structure–activity relationships were discussed. The bioassay results showed the substantial antimicrobial efficacy exhibited by most of the compounds. Among them, compound A24 demonstrated a strong efficacy with an EC50 value of 7.8 μg/mL in vitro against the Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) pathogen, surpassing commercial agents thiodiazole copper (31.8 μg/mL) and bismerthiazol (43.3 μg/mL). Mechanistic investigations into its anti‐Xoc properties revealed that compound A24 operates by increasing the permeability of bacterial cell membranes, inhibiting biofilm formation and cell motility, and inducing morphological changes in bacterial cells. Importantly, in vivo tests showed its excellent protective and curative effects on rice bacterial leaf streak. Besides, molecular docking showed that the hydrophobic effect and hydrogen‐bond interactions are key factors between the binding of A24 and AvrRxo1‐ORF1. Therefore, these results suggest the utilization of 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives containing sulfonylpiperazine structures as a bacterial biofilm inhibiting agent, warranting further exploration in the realm of agrochemical development.
Dihydroartemisinin eliminates senescent cells by promoting autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Wan Xing , Li Can , Tan Yue Hao , Zuo Shi Qi , Deng Feng Mei , Sun Jing , Liu Yi Lun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCellular senescence is an irreversible cell‐cycle arrest in response to a variety of cellular stresses, which contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of age‐related degenerative diseases. However, effective antisenescence strategies are still lacking. Drugs that selectively target senescent cells represent an intriguing therapeutic strategy to delay aging and age‐related diseases. Thus, we thought to investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on senescent cells and elucidated its mechanisms underlying aging. Stress‐induced premature senescence (SIPS) model was built in NIH3T3 cells using H2O2 and evaluated by β‐galactosidase staining. Cells were exposed to DHA and subjected to cellular activity assays including viability, ferroptosis, and autophagy. The number of microtubule‐associated protein light‐chain 3 puncta was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The iron content was assessed by spectrophotometer and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorescent probe dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. We found that DHA triggered senescent cell death via ferroptosis. DHA accelerated ferritin degradation via promoting autophagy, increasing the iron contents, promoting ROS accumulation, thus leading to ferroptotic cell death in SIPS cells. In addition, autophagy inhibitor BafA1 preconditioning inhibited ferroptosis induced by DHA. Moreover, Atg5 silencing and autophagy inhibitor BafA1 preconditioning inhibited ferroptosis induced by DHA. We also revealed that the expression of p‐AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in senescent cells was downregulated. These results suggested that DHA may be a promising drug candidate for clearing senescent cells by inducing autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
Identification and validation of m6A‐associated ferroptosis genes in renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Pang Shuo , Zhao Shuo , Dongye Yuxi , Fan Yidong , Liu Jikai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrinary cancer is synonymous with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Unfortunately, existing treatments for this illness are ineffective and unpromising. Finding novel ccRCC biomarkers is crucial to creating successful treatments.The Cancer Genome Atlas provided clear cell renal cell carcinoma transcriptome data. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on ccRCC and control samples' differentially expressed N6‐methyladenosine RNA methylation and ferroptosis‐related genes (DEMFRGs). Machine learning was used to find and model ccRCC patients' predicted genes. A nomogram was created for clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients. Prognostic genes were enriched. We examined patients' immune profiles by risk score. Our prognostic genes predicted ccRCC treatment drugs.We found 37 DEMFRGs by comparing 1913 differentially expressed ccRCC genes to 202 m6A RNA methylation FRGs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that hypoxia‐induced cell death and metabolism pathways were the most differentially expressed methylation functional regulating genes. Five prognostic genes were found by machine learning: TRIB3, CHAC1, NNMT, EGFR, and SLC1A4. An advanced renal cell carcinoma nomogram with age and risk score accurately predicted the outcome. These five prognostic genes were linked to various cancers. Immunological cell number and checkpoint expression differed between high‐ and low‐risk groups. The risk model successfully predicted immunotherapy outcome, showing high‐risk individuals had poor results. NIACIN, TAE‐684, ROCILETINIB, and others treat ccRCC. We found ccRCC prognostic genes that work. This discovery may lead to new ccRCC treatments.
Bi site doped Ferroelectric BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Dubey Astita , Sanjuán Ignacio , Andronescu Corina , Lupascu Doru C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe investigation delves into the functionality exhibited by ferroelectric BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 (BFM) nanoparticles (NPs) concerning the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrocatalytic activity of BFM NPs undergoes a transformative shift as a consequence of mono‐, di‐, and tri‐valent cation substitution. Notably, the strategic engineering of doping at the Bi site within BFM NPs yields a remarkable outcome, namely the conspicuous reduction of the kinetic overpotential prerequisite for HER. This diminished overpotential in doped BFM NPs arises from the confluence of multifarious factors: diminished charge transfer resistance, augmented specific surface area, a discernible distribution of pore sizes ranging from narrow to broad, particles endowed with a shape boasting abundant active facets, and the integration of dopants as novel active sites on the surface. Furthermore, the presence of surface defects, oxygen vacancies, and amplified microstrain within doped BFM NPs contributes to the reduction in overpotential.
Remote Fluorination of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyls via Silyl Dienol Ethers
Authors: Galaktionova Daria V. , Siddiqui Sara Y. , Mohr Justin T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report a general, regioselective, and metal free γ‐fluorination of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyls via silyl dienol ethers that are readily prepared from simple ketones and aldehydes. The transformation displays broad scope including 27 cyclic and acyclic siloxydienes providing γ‐fluoro compounds in 28–91 % yield. Notably, the reported conditions are also suitable for the synthesis of challenging tertiary fluorides. The regioselectivity of the reaction was studied on a series of acyclic siloxydienes and was observed to be sensitive to the conformational flexibility of the substrate. Diversification of the γ‐fluorocarbonyls demonstrates the promise of fluorine as a stereocontrol element.
Impact of Pickering Emulsions Composition on Lipase Catalyzed Peroxyacetic Acid Synthesis
Authors: Adomi Lemuel , Drews Anja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDue to the need for environmental protection and sustainability, there has been a rising need to replace the traditionally harsh oxidative functionalization process, which is essential for syntheses of various organic compounds, by biocatalysis. However, the investigated alternative processes are still challenged with enzyme instability and/or low specific reaction rate. Due to these still existing challenges and the recognition of Pickering emulsions as an efficient platform for continuous biphasic biocatalysis, the first, enzymatic step of the lipase catalyzed oxidative functionalization was investigated in bioactive Pickering emulsions. The study focused on the impact of Pickering emulsion composition such as the volume phase fraction, type and concentration of the nanoparticles and enzymes on continuous peroxyacetic acids synthesis. The type of nanoparticles used and Candida antarctica lipase B concentration significantly impacted the process while the other named parameters only had a marginal influence.
A deep learning model of dance generation for young children based on music rhythm and beat
Authors: Kong Shanshan 
Published: March 2024

SummaryWith the development of technology, research related to music‐based dance generation models has been increasing. Some of the studies have applied algorithms to dance generation models, but these algorithms suffer from problems such as the inability to make an exact match between music and dance. To solve these problems, the research innovatively proposes a deep learning toddler dance generation model based on music rhythm and beat to extract music and dance features respectively. In addition, the study generates smooth dances through a generator module, improves the match between the dances and music generated by the model through a discriminator, and enhances the representativeness of audio features through a self‐encoder module. Finally, the study completes the validation of the model by comparing the loss functions and other aspects. Results demonstrate that this model has the smallest loss value of 17.58, and that the model generates a better match between dance and music for different music, with values of 8.9, 8, and 7.4. Compared with the comparison model, the study's model for generating dances for young children has better results in terms of dance generation. The study solves the problem that previous algorithms cannot make an exact match between music and dance, and has implications for fields such as cross‐modal generation and games.
A general, resource‐based explanation for density dependence in populations of large herbivores
Authors: Hobbs N. Thompson 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe discipline of ecology seeks to understand how ecosystems, communities, and populations are regulated. A ubiquitous mechanism of population regulation of consumers is that capturing energy and nutrients in sufficient quantities for survival and reproduction becomes more difficult as population density increases. Extensive evidence has revealed that populations of large herbivores are often regulated by density dependence, defined as the reduction in the per‐capita population growth rate that occurs as populations grow large. Diminished body mass of individuals has been repeatedly observed in high‐density populations, implicating compromised nutrition as the primary cause of density dependence. However, there is no general explanation for why these nutritional deficiencies occur. Recent work demonstrated that reduced food intake rates resulting from the functional response of herbivores to depleted plant biomass does not provide a sensible explanation for density dependence because rates of food intake of herbivores are often insensitive to changes in plant biomass. A new model of feedbacks from plant biomass to herbivores shows how reduced nutrition of herbivores can result from increased dilution of nutrients in the plant tissue they consume as populations grow, even when their rate of consumption of plants remains constant. The model contains parameters that can be scaled to body mass, allowing unusually general predictions. The model shows that convex, concave, and linear relationships between the per‐capita growth rate and population density can arise from the effects of depletion of plant biomass by herbivore foraging. The model is the first to explicitly include spatial variance in the nutritional quality of plants as a general driver of herbivore population dynamics. I show how regulation of herbivore abundance by plant nutrients can occur, even when a large fraction of the consumable plant biomass remains uneaten, providing a simple, mechanistic explanation for bottom‐up control of population dynamics of primary consumers in a “green world.”
Epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial constraint in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Crum Yoran , Hoendermis Elke S. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , van Woerden Gijs , Lobeek Michelle , Dickinson Michael G. , Meems Laura M.G. , Voors Adriaan A. , Rienstra Michiel , Gorter Thomas M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsObesity and epicardial adiposity play a role in the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and both are associated with increased filling pressures and reduced exercise capacity. The haemodynamic basis for these observations remains inaccurately defined. We hypothesize that an abundance of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) within the pericardial sac is associated with haemodynamic signs of pericardial constraint.Methods and resultsHFpEF patients who underwent invasive heart catheterization with simultaneous echocardiography were included. Right atrial pressure (RAP), right ventricular end‐diastolic pressure, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were invasively measured. The presence of a square root sign on the right ventricular pressure waveform and the RAP/PCWP ratio (surrogate parameters for pericardial constraint) were investigated. EAT thickness alongside the right ventricle was measured on echocardiography. Sixty‐four patients were studied, with a mean age of 73 ± 10 years, 64% women, and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 28.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2. In total, 47 patients (73%) had a square root sign. The presence of a square root sign was associated with higher BMI (29.3 vs. 26.7 kg/m2, P = 0.02), higher EAT (4.0 vs. 3.4 mm, P = 0.03), and higher RAP (9 vs. 6 mmHg, P = 0.04). Women had more EAT than men (4.1 vs. 3.5 mm, P = 0.04), despite a comparable BMI. Women with a square root sign had significantly higher EAT (4.3 vs. 3.3 mm, P = 0.02), a higher mean RAP (9 vs. 5 mmHg, P = 0.02), and a higher RAP/PCWP ratio (0.52 vs. 0.26, P = 0.002). In men, such associations were not seen, although there was no significant interaction between men and women (P > 0.05 for all analyses).ConclusionsObesity and epicardial adiposity are associated with haemodynamic signs of pericardial constraint in patients with HFpEF. The pathophysiological and therapeutic implications of this finding need further study.
Reliability and validity of free‐weight countermovement jumps to characterize force‐velocity‐power profiles
Authors: Jonson Andrew M. , Girard Olivier , Wall Bradley A. , Walden Thomas P. , Goods Paul S. R. , Galna Brook , Scott Brendan R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine test‐retest reliability and concurrent validity of vertical force‐velocity‐power (FVP) profiles using Smith machine and free‐weight countermovement jumps (CMJs). A repeated‐measure cross‐over design with randomized load order and counterbalanced trials was employed. Sixteen resistance‐trained males (age: 26.4 ± 3.9 years, height: 179.6 ± 8.1 cm, body mass: 84.5 ± 10.8 kg) performed maximal loaded CMJs with 4–50 kg on six occasions, with three trials utilizing a Smith machine and three utilizing free‐weights. Jump height was estimated with a linear‐position transducer, and the Samozino computation method estimated theoretical maximal jump parameters. Reliability and concurrent validity were determined for jump height for each jump load and estimated theoretical maximal jump parameters using estimates of bias (mean difference, 95% limits of agreement) and agreement (intraclass correlation coefficients, ICCs). The jump height and maximum theoretical power demonstrated good‐to‐excellent reliability between sessions for both methods (ICC: 0.872–0.947) and concurrent validity between methods (ICC: 0.885–0.969). However, reliability for theoretical maximal force, velocity, and force‐velocity gradient was not as high using either method (ICC = 0.320–0.615) and concurrent validity was poor (ICC: 0.122–0.340). In summary, using both jump methods, a linear‐position transducer provides reliable jump height and theoretical maximal power values. However, our data do not support the reliability or validity of FV relationships using linear position transducers.
An improved low‐carbon intelligent agriculture system with energy optimization principles using wireless IoT environment
Authors: Pydi Balamurali , Prabu A. V. , Mukherjee Amrit , Jain Deepak K. , Chand S. Ravi , Prashanth Noel Anurag 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA low‐carbon agricultural plan and intelligent agriculture control system are designed and completed with a green economy to foster the significant expansion of green resources and environmental assets. This research employs a fixed‐effect panel model to examine the farming cumulative energy savings in 11 cities and regions along the Yamuna Tributary Commercial Region, focusing on both static and dynamic factors. The directional linear equation and the Malmquist–Luenberger (ML) indicator are the key analytical tools. Unlike conventional techniques, regression analysis using cross‐sectional data is the primary tributary. Research has found that a 5.9% decrease in the literacy rate of the working force had a large impact on farming energy efficiency and that for each 1% rise in crop losses, farm energy efficiency would decrease by 0.487%. In addition to mitigating the detrimental effects of industrial design and mechanization on agricultural output, this effort aids in the advancement of smart city design. This activity paves the way for cutting‐edge technology by encouraging people to move to cities, educating the workforce, and giving money to the agricultural sector. The ability of proposed model gives the smart agriculture system with intelligent control principles and energy optimization principles in the deployed wireless‐IoT platform. On this research problem, this paper contributes to new knowledge by approaching agricultural energy efficiency from a green economy perspective, conducting regression analyses of panel data on the most important influencing factors using the advanced statistical analysis tool Eviews, and then drawing the conclusion from the evaluation of metrics that affect farming energy efficiency in our nation. Enhancing productivity while also fostering long‐term growth in the agricultural ecosystem is crucial. It contributes for smart and green technologies adaptation in agriculture filed.
1H‐NMR‐based metabolomics reveals the preventive effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on diabetes in Zucker diabetic fatty rats
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Shuting , Guo Fuchuan , Gong Yupeng , Chen Tianbao , Shaw Chris , Jiang Rencai , Huang Fang , Lin Dai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this investigation was to explore the beneficial impacts of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP) on dysglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, while also shedding light on its potential mechanism using 1H‐NMR‐based metabolomics. The results demonstrated a noteworthy reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG, 46.3%), fasting insulin (50.17%), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, 44.1%), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR, 59.75%) following EP administration, while the insulin sensitivity index (ISI, 19.6%) and homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐β, 2.5‐fold) were significantly increased. These findings indicate that EP enhances β‐cell function, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves insulin resistance caused by diabetes. Moreover, EP significantly reduced serum lipid levels, suggesting improvement of dyslipidemia. Through the analysis of serum metabolomics, 17 metabolites were found to be altered in diabetic rats, 14 of which were upregulated and 3 of which were downregulated. Notably, the administration of EP successfully reversed the abnormal levels of 9 out of the 17 metabolites. Pathway analysis further revealed that EP treatment partially restored metabolic dysfunction, with notable effects observed in valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism; aminoacyl‐transfer RNA (tRNA) biosynthesis; and ketone body metabolism. These findings collectively indicate the potential therapeutic efficacy of EP in preventing glycemic abnormalities and improving insulin resistance. Thus, EP holds promise as a valuable treatment option for individuals with diabetes.