bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of monoclonal and polyclonal enzyme‐linked immunoabsorbent (elisa) assays for serum lp(a) and differences in reactivities to lp(a) phenotypes
Authors: Morikawa Wataru , Iki Rie , Terano Tsuyoshi , Funatsu Akinobu , Sugiuchi Hiroyuki , Uji Yoshinori , Okabe Hiroaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe have prepared a monoclonal antibody to Lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] and have used it to develop an ELISA test for assaying Lp(a) in serum. The monoclonal antibody employed in the assay system reacts uniformly with S1,S2,S3 and B phenotypes of isoforms, and no cross‐reaction with plasminogen at a concentration of 100 mg/dL was observed. Results of the monoclonal ELISA assay were similar to those obtained with a polyclonal antibody ELISA method and demonstrated a correlation coefficient, r=0.99 with the equation for the regression line: Y(proposed)= 1.06 X (polyclonal antibody reference ELISA test) = 0.36(N = 51). Inter‐ and intra‐assay precision(CVs) of the monoclonal ELISA assay were between 2.2–3.6% at a mean Lp(a) concentration range of 19.1–68.2 mg/dL,(N = 12). Assay results of various standards were compared by both monoclonal and polyclonal antibody ELISA tests. We observed some discrepancies between expected concentrations and the polyclonal antibody ELISA assay results, which is thought to be more uniformly reactive to the various Lp(a) phenotypes. The monoclonal antibody employed in our proposed method reacts uniformly with Lp(a) phenotypes, and the assay exhibits excellent sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and is well suited for clinical use.©1995 wiley‐Liss, inc.
Improved method for measuring C1rC1s‐(c1 inh)2 complexes by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Mathews Kenneth P. , Herschbach Jack H. , Chambers Sandra L. , Zuraw Bruce L. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMeasurement of C1rC1s‐(C1 inh)2 complexes in serum or plasma by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been proposed as a relatively convenient and sensitive means for assessing C1 activation. However, interference by unactivated C1 q (r‐s)2 at low serum or plasma dilutions has resulted in estimates that vary widely with the degree of serum or plasma dilution. Precipitating the interfering C1q (r‐s)2 with 6% polyethylene glycol has been proposed to resolve this problem, but here it is shown that this procedure also precipitates or coprecipitates some of the C1rC1s‐C1rC1s‐(C1 inh)2 complexes. Satisfactory results have been achieved without PEG precipitation by testing high plasma dilutions under conditions where there is a sufficient excess of anti‐C1s coating the microtitration plate wells that removal of C1q (r‐s)2 is not necessary. Optimizing conditions for quantitating these complexes at high dilution have been investigated. The mean normal EDTA plasma C1rC1s‐C1rC1s‐(C1 inh)2 complex measurement was 36.6±7.0 (S.D.) ELISA units with a 95% confidence interval of 19.5–47.6u. Besides providing a sensitive assay for C1 activation, measuring C1rC1s‐C1rC1s‐(C1 inh)2 complexes may help to clarify the pathophysiologic mechanisms resulting from C1 inh deficiency under various conditions.©1995 wiley‐Liss, inc.
Myelin‐ and microbe‐specific antibodies in guillain‐barré syndrome
Authors: Terryberry Jeff , Sutjita Made , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Gilburd Boris , Tanne David , Lorber Margalit , Alosachie Iyad , Barka Noori , Lin Hun‐Chi , Youinou Pierre , Peter James B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe surveyed the frequency of reported infections and target autoantigens in 56 Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) patients by detecting antibodies to myelin and microbes. Sulfatide (43%), cardiolipin (48%), GD1a (15%), SGPG (11%), and GM3 (11%) antibodies were the most frequently detected heterogenous autoantibodies. A wide spectrum of antimicrobial IgG and IgM antibodies were also detected; mumps‐specific IgG (66%), adenovirus‐specific IgG (52%), varicella‐zoster virus‐specific IgG (46%), and S. pneumoniae serotype 7‐specific IgG (45%) were the most prevalent. Our results indicate that polyclonal expansion of physiologic and pathologic antibodies and/or molecular mimicry likely occurs following infection and is related to other autoimmune factors in the etiology of GBS. Although no single definitive myelin‐specific autoantibody was identified, our results suggest a unique pattern of reactivity against autoantigens.
Effects of antiplatelet drug dilazep dihydrochloride on anionic sites and extracellular matrix (ecm) components in glomerular basement membrane of stz‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Yamamoto Masatoshi , Fukui Mitsumine , Kuramoto Takao , Kabuki Keiichiro , Tomino Yasuhiko 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA study of anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats with or without treatment by an antiplatelet drug, dilazep dihydrochloride, is described. Expression of glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) components was examined by immunofluorescence. Renal specimens were immersed in polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a cationic probe and then examined by electron microscopy. Renal specimens were also incubated with rabbit antirat type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin antisera and then stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐labeled goat antirabbit IgG antiserum. Mean values of proteinuria in the dilazep‐treated diabetic rats were significantly decreased compared with those in nontreated diabetic rats. There was no significant correlation between the levels of proteinuria and those of creatinine clearance (CCr). Number of anionic sites on the GBM in the dilazep‐treated diabetic rats were greater than those in diabetic rats. There was no significant difference in the staining of such ECM components between both rat groups. The authors concluded that the dilazep dihydrochloride might prevent anionic charges on the GBM and decrease the urinary excretion of proteins in STZ‐induced diabetic rats.
Magnetic resonance colonography with limited bowel preparation: A comparison of three strategies
Authors: Florie Jasper , van Gelder Rogier E. , Haberkorn Brigitte , Birnie Erwin , Lavini Cristina , Reitsma Johannes B. , Stoker Jaap 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPurposeTo prospectively compare three strategies of magnetic resonance colonography (MRC) with fecal tagging.Materials and MethodsThree strategies were compared: (S1) gadolinium as oral tagging agent and a gadolinium‐water mixture for rectal filling (bright lumen), (S2) oral barium and water rectally, and (S3) oral barium and air rectally. In S2 and S3 (both dark lumen) gadolinium was injected intravenously. Three‐dimensional (3D) T1‐weighted and two‐dimensional (2D) T2‐weighted sequences were used. Two observers scored diagnostic confidence and image quality (contrast, homogeneity, artifacts), analyzed by chi‐squared and Fisher's exact test. Patient experience and preference were determined by questionnaire (Mann‐Whitney test).ResultsA total of 45 patients were included, 15 were randomly assigned per strategy. Diagnostic confidence of S1 and S3 is significantly better than for S2. S1 has the additional advantage of showing significantly better contrast between bowel wall and lumen, and showing significantly better homogeneity on both T1‐ and T2‐weighted sequences, but with significantly more artifacts on the T1‐weighted sequences. S3 showed significantly better contrast and homogeneity than S2 on the T2‐weighted sequences. Bowel preparation of S1 was rated significantly better. Patient preference was comparable.ConclusionImage quality was best using the bright lumen strategy or the dark lumen strategy using air for rectal filling. Although bowel preparation was rated best using the bright lumen strategy, patient preference was comparable. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Plexiform‐like neurofibromas develop in the mouse by intraneural xenograft of an NF1 tumor‐derived Schwann cell line
Authors: Perrin George Q. , Fishbein Lauren , Thomson Susanne A. , Thomas Stacey L. , Stephens Karen , Garbern James Y. , DeVries George H. , Yachnis Anthony T. , Wallace Margaret R. , Muir David 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPlexiform neurofibromas are peripheral nerve sheath tumors that arise frequently in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and have a risk of malignant progression. Past efforts to establish xenograft models for neurofibroma involved the implantation of tumor fragments or heterogeneous primary cultures, which rarely achieved significant tumor growth. We report a practical and reproducible animal model of plexiform‐like neurofibroma by xenograft of an immortal human NF1 tumor‐derived Schwann cell line into the peripheral nerve of scid mice. The S100 and p75 positive sNF94.3 cell line was shown to possess a normal karyotype and have apparent full‐length neurofibromin by Western blot. These cells were shown to have a constitutional NF1 microdeletion and elevated Ras‐GTP activity, however, suggesting loss of normal neurofibromin function. Localized intraneural injection of the cell line sNF94.3 produced consistent and slow growing tumors that infiltrated and disrupted the host nerve. The xenograft tumors resembled plexiform neurofibromas with a low rate of proliferation, abundant extracellular matrix (hypocellularity), basal laminae, high vascularity, and mast cell infiltration. The histologic features of the developed tumors were particularly consistent with those of human plexiform neurofibroma as well. Intraneural xenograft of sNF94.3 cells enables the precise initiation of intraneural, plexiform‐like tumors and provides a highly reproducible model for the study of plexiform neurofibroma tumorigenesis. This model facilitates testing of potential therapeutic interventions, including angiogenesis inhibitors, in a relevant cellular environment. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anterograde axonal transport of chicken cellular prion protein (PrPc) in vivo requires its N‐terminal part
Authors: Butowt Rafal , Davies Paul , Brown David R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe cellular isoform of prion protein (PrPc) can exist in membrane‐bound and secreted forms. Both forms of PrPc can be transported by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along the optic nerve in the anterograde direction. In this study we determined which part of chicken PrPc is required for its anterograde axonal transport within the optic nerve of embryonic chicken. We intraocularly injected radio‐iodinated fragments of recombinant chicken PrPc and then examined their anterograde axonal transport from retina into optic tectum. Using gamma‐counting and different autoradiographic techniques we quantified anterograde axonal transport of the N‐terminal part of chicken PrPc (amino acid residues 1–116) in this model system. The transport of the N‐terminal part has similar properties as the anterograde transport of full‐length chicken PrPc (Butowt et al., 2006) described previously (e.g., has similar efficiency, is microtubule‐dependent, and is saturable). Moreover, the pattern of ultrastructural distribution of the N‐terminal fragment within RGCs is similar to the distribution of full‐length PrPc. The C‐terminal fragment of chicken PrPc (residues 118–246) and different PrP‐derived peptides were not transported. Moreover, PrPc‐derived peptides were sorted into different endocytotic pathways in neurons, indicating that they cannot substitute for full‐length PrPc to study its internalization and trafficking. These data indicate that the N‐terminal half of chicken PrPc contains the necessary information to drive the internalization and subsequent sorting of extracellular PrPc in RGCs soma into the anterograde axonal transport pathway. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
β‐amyloid precursor protein can be transported independent of any sorting signal to the axonal and dendritic compartment
Authors: Back Simone , Haas Petra , Tschäpe Jakob‐A. , Gruebl Tomas , Kirsch Joachim , Müller Ulrike , Beyreuther Konrad , Kins Stefan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn neurons, amyloid precursor protein (APP) is localized to the dendritic and axonal compartment. Changes in subcellular localization affect secretase cleavage of APP, altering the generation of Aβ, and presumably also its pathogenic features. It was reported that APP is sorted initially to the axon and transcytosed subsequently to the somatodendritic compartment. This may be carried out by a recessive dendritic sorting signal in the cytoplasmic C‐terminus, possibly the tyrosine based basolateral sorting signal (BaSS), and an axonal sorting motif within the extracellular juxtamembraneous domain. We investigated whether the C‐ or N‐terminal domain of APP contains an independent dendritic or axonal sorting signal. We generated different APP deletion mutants, and produced chimeric proteins of APP and a non‐related Type I transmembrane protein. Quantitative immunocytochemical analyses of transfected primary neurons showed that similar amounts of all APP mutants, lacking either the N‐ or C‐terminus, were transported to the axonal and dendritic compartment. Investigations of the chimeric proteins showed that neither the N‐ nor the C‐terminus of APP functions as independent sorting signal, whereas another tyrosine based dendritic sorting signal was sufficient to prevent axonal entry of APP. This data shows that, under steady state conditions, Heterologously expressed APP is transported equally to axons and dendrites irrespective of any putative sorting signal in its N‐ or C‐terminus. This shows that APP can enter the axon in absence of the initial axonal sorting motif, indicating the existence of an alternative pathway allowing axonal entry of APP. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemical changes at different stages of seed development in vegetable pigeonpeas (Cajanus cajan).
Authors: Singh Umaid , Rao Paleti Venkateswara , Saxena Kulbhusan , Singh Laxman 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDeveloping green seeds of two vegetable pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L Millsp) cultivars that differ in their morphological characteristics were sampled at 24, 26, 28, 30 and 32 days after flowering (dates that are relevant to vegetable harvest). An increase in seed size was noticed between 24 and 26 days after flowering, although it continued up to 32 days after flowering. The dry matter accumulation as the seed matured was greater in ICP 7035 than in T 15–15. Analysis of freeze‐dried samples showed that soluble sugars, and proteins, decreased and starch content increased between 24 and 32 days after flowering. Calcium and magnesium contents were considerably higher in T 15–15 than in ICP 7035, but there was little difference in zinc, iron and copper contents. ICP 7035 contained significantly higher amounts of soluble sugars than T 15–15 at all stages of seed development: this indicates that it had sweet seeds, a requisite of vegetable pigeonpea cultivars.
Kinetic compensation relations for ascorbic acid degradation and pectinesterase inactivation during orange juice pasteurisations
Authors: Ülgen Neşe , Özilgen Mustafa 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe thermal degradation kinetics of ascorbic acid and the inactivation kinetics of pectinesterase were studied experimentally with pH‐adjusted orange juice. No simple trends were observed in variation of the kinetic parameters with pH, but both kinetic functions agreed with kinetic compensation relations. An isokinetic temperature was observed for ascorbic acid degradation at pH 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 implying that the same degradation mechanism was valid at these pH values. A large deviation at pH 4.0 from this isokinetic reaction rate implied that the degradation mechanism was different at this pH. There was no isokinetic temperature for pectinesterase inactivation reactions, indicating that pectinesterase was inactivated by different mechanisms at different pH values. The variation of the inactivation mechanism of pectinesterase with pH was attributed to its more complex molecular structure.
Effect of processing methods on quality and acceptability of fufu from low cyanide cassava
Authors: Akingbala J O , Oguntimein G B , Abass A B 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effects of steeping whole and grated tubers and of periodic change of water during steeping on the quality and acceptability of fufu from low‐cyanide cassava were evaluated. Steeping increased the acidity and reduced the pH and cyanide content of cassava. Grating the tuber before steeping improved aroma, and periodical change of water during steeping improved taste, colour and texture of fufu over that produced by the traditional method. Fufu from low‐cyanide cassava had an acceptability similar to that of fufu from high‐cyanide cassava. However, oven drying of the flour significantly reduced acceptability of fufu.
Application of NMR to evaluate the oxidative deterioration of brown fish meal
Authors: Saito Hiroaki , Udagawa Miho 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPeroxide value (PV) and acid value (AV) are generally used as indices of deterioration in edible oil. However, they are not always useful for evaluation of oil deterioration in fish meal because the PV rises at the initial stage of oxidative deterioration, reaches a peak and then declines during long term storage of the meal; the AV hardly changes during long term storage.The use of NMR to evaluate oxidative deterioration of the oil in brown fish meal was examined. The ratio of olefinic protons to aliphatic protons (Ro) in brown fish meal oil determined by NMR decreased steadily with increasing storage time. By comparison with data from measurements of PV and AV, the Ro was considered to be useful as an index of oxidative deterioration in the oil in brown meal, especially in oil where the PV is peaking.
Do ruminant trans fatty acids impact coronary heart disease risk?
Authors: Huth Peter J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractUnlike TFAs produced industrially in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (primarily elaidic acid, 18:1, trans‐9), evidence suggests that trans fatty acids from ruminant food sources (e. g. 18:1, trans‐11; i. e. trans‐vaccenic acid and 18:2, cis‐9, trans‐11; i. e. rumenic acid) do not increase the risk of coronary heart disease. The amount of trans fatty acids in ruminant milk fat varies from 1% to 6% by weight depending on the composition of the ruminants diet. In the U.S., milk fat trans fat levels averages 3.56 wt% (range of 3.20–4.47 wt%). In general, ruminant trans fat accounts for about 20% of the total trans fatty acids intake in the U.S. and consists of approximately 86% from milk fat and 12% from ruminant meat sources.
Evaluation of corrosion non toxic inhibitor adsorption for steel in near neutral solution: L(+) ascorbic acid
Authors: Akrout H. , Maximovitch S. , Bousselmi L. , Triki E. , Dalard F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe force of adsorption of a non‐toxic inhibitor on iron surface was studied by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The value of standard free energy of adsorption, as calculated from Freundlich‐Langmuir (LF) adsorption, indicates that L(+)ascorbic acid physisorbes on the iron surface at corrosion potential. At cathodic potential, the quantity of energy is more important. So, there is a slightly stronger interaction between inhibitor and iron surface. This behaviour can be explained by that this inhibitor occupies better the cathodic sites. The inhibition efficiency of ascorbic acid was carried out by the fact electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data (EIS). The film adsorbed on the surface is less protective for a long time of immersion.
Experimental model for local administration of nerve growth factor in microsurgical nerve reconnections
Authors: Santos F. Xavier , Bilbao Gonzalo , Rodrigo Jose , Fernandez Jorge , Martinez David , Mayoral Edgard , Rodriguez Julian 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn experimental model for local administration of neuronotrophic substances at the site of peripheral nerve lesion is presented. The model consists of a subcutaneously located silicone reservoir and a connecting tube with its distal end fixed in the proximity of the severed and repaired nerve. The results of the preliminary tests of the model are presented. Sixty Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into two groups: control (saline‐treated) (n=30) and NGF‐treated (n=30). After axotomy of the sciatic nerve, an epineurial repair is performed. NGF or saline is injected daily into the subcutaneous reservoir during the first 3 weeks after axotomy and a single dose in the fourth week. The regenerated nerve observed in the NGF‐treated group after four weeks of treatment presents a greater percentage of myelinated axons, thicker myeline sheaths, and more mature endoneurial layers. This experimental model provides a reliable and quantitative way to deliver neuronotrophic substances in site and at different administration rates. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Topical GM1 ganglioside to promote crushed rat sciatic nerve regeneration
Authors: Wang Min‐Sheng , Chen Zhong‐Wei , Zhang Guang‐Jian , Chen Zheng‐Rong 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe effects of topical GM1 ganglioside on crushed rat sciatic nerve regeneration were studied in this presentation. Thirty‐four rats, with 68 bilateral sciatic nerves, were divided into seven groups: one group of four rats for measurement of normal motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), three as controls, and another three in the GM1‐treated groups. Sciatic nerves were exposed and crushed at a site 6 mm distal to the sciatic notch by the standard technique. In this manner, 3 mm wide crush injuries were created. Then 2.1 μl of normal saline was injected into the crush site in the control groups and an equal volume of GM1 solution (containing 10 μg GM1) was injected into the GM1‐treated groups. Electrophysiological, histological, and morphometric evaluations were carried out at 12, 28, and 56 days. A significantly higher muscle action potential (MAP) rate was found in the GM1‐treated group (70%) vs. the controls (none) at 12 days (P<0.005), and increased MNCV was found in the GM1‐treated groups at both 28 and 56 days, especially at 56 days, when it was 39.59 ± 9.23 m/sec vs. 31.42 ± 4.07 m/sec in controls (P<0.05). Morphometrically, there were more regenerated myelinated fibers (RMFs) at 12 days, and larger diameter of RMFs were observed at 12, 28, and 56 days in the GM1‐treated groups. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Patterns of thermoregulation associated with cold intolerance after digital replantation
Authors: Isogai Noritaka , Fukunishi Kennji , Kamiishi Hiroshi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTwelve patients with complete thumb amputations were analyzed to determine the interrelations between thermoregulation for pain and cold intolerance and sensory nerve recovery. Patients were examined at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and after 2 years following replantation. Medical thermography was introduced to assess postoperative circulation following digital replantation, while vasomotor tone was assessed by cold‐stress plethysmography testing. Postoperative circulation was divided into two different patterns based upon skin temperature, the transition of which over time correlated well with sensory nerve recovery. Patients with cold intolerance showed a persistent vasoconstriction pattern, the cold change of which was objectively detected by thermography. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.