bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urticaria associated with Norovirus infection: Report of two cases
Authors: Leiste Anke , Skaletz‐Rorowski Adriane , Venten Irene , Altmeyer Peter , Brockmeyer Norbert H. 
Published: October 2008

SummaryAcute and chronic urticaria may be triggered by infection. Streptococci and Helicobacter pylori are the most frequent acute infectious causes. We present two cases in which we cultured Norovirus in the stool of patients with both acute and chronic urticaria. Noroviruses (genus Norovirus, family Caliciviridae) are a group of single stranded RNA, nonen‐veloped viruses which cause acute gastroenteritis in humans. Norovirus was recently approved as the official genus name for the group of viruses provisionally described as Norwalk‐like viruses (NLV). Therapy is symptomatic. Noroviruses should be regarded as possible infectious trigger for dermatologic diseases. In seeking a focus of viral or bacterial infection for skin diseases with unknown origin, stool cultures should be part of the routine evaluation.
Annular lichenoid dermatitis of youth – a further case in a 12‐year‐old girl
Authors: Kleikamp Stefanie , Kutzner Heinz , Frosch Peter J. 
Published: October 2008

SummaryAnnular lichenoid dermatitis of youth was first described by Annessi et al. in 2003. Clinical criteria are persistent erythematous macules and annular lesions with a red‐brown edge and a central hypopigmentation usually found on the flanks and groins of children and adolescents. Histologically, the disease is characterized by a lichenoid interface dermatitis with necrotic keratinocytes at the tip of the rete ridges. In our case a 12‐year old girl developed annular red‐brown macules with papules at the borders in an inframammary location. The histology of the lesion's border showed a lichenoid lymphocytic infiltrate with apoptotic keratinocytes at the tip of rete ridges. The lesions cleared with 0.03% tacrolimus ointment. Annular lichenoid dermatitis of youth is probably a new entity in the group of lichenoid dermatoses.
Dermatology – a surgical discipline – as exemplified by surgical procedures at the Hospital of Munich Thalkirchner Strasse
Authors: Kunte Christian , Pfützner Wolfgang , Kerschenlohr Karin , Konz Birger 
Published: October 2008

Summary Background: Despite the enormous progress in dermatosurgery during the last 35 years,this achievement is not always appropriately acknowledged by other surgical specialties.We outline the significance of dermatosurgery by looking at the development of dermatological operations at the Department of Dermatology,University of Munich/Hospital of Munich Thalkirchner Strasse. Patients and Methods: Data were collected and analyzed from surgery records, tables and from the SAP ISH‐Med.The survey covered the time frame from 1971 to 2006.Results:There were 101,103 inpatient operations.The number of operations per year increased steadily,especially the number of medium‐sized and large operations.A special domain of dermatosurgery is the sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with malignant melanoma. In the last years, there was a continuous increase of patients in whom more than one tumor had to be excised.The percentage of patients undergoing dermatosurgery was constant at 46% of all inpatients. Conclusions: The surgical therapy of skin tumors is the most important part of inpatient treatment of dermatology patients. The development of dermatosurgery shows that due to the increase of skin tumors and the opening of new fields of activity (for example the removal of sentinel lymph nodes) there is a growing demand for dermatological surgeons. Solid training and competent representation in dermatology and attention to our interactions with other surgical specialties will help guarantee optimal patient care in the future.
Proactive therapy of atopic eczema –an evidence‐based concept with a behavioral background
Authors: Wollenberg Andreas , Frank Reiner , Kroth Julia , Ruzicka Thomas 
Published: October 2008

SummaryAtopic eczema is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high socioeconomic burden. Different individually relevant exacerbating factors influence the clinical course of the disease. Current therapeutic paradigms call for maintaining or enhancing the epidermal barrier by continuous emollient therapy, which is combined with anti‐inflammatory topical treatment applied to all affected areas as they appear.An alternative approach is proactive therapy, which involves long‐term, low‐dose intermittent topical anti‐inflammatory therapy for previously affected areas with subclinical inflammation. The immunodermatological background to this approach is the ongoing epidermal barrier dysfunction, the residual inflammatory skin infiltrate and the persistent immunological abnormalities which are all present but clinically invisible.This manuscript summarizes the immunodermatological and behavioral background, the study data of controlled clinical trials and our personal experience in a special atopic dermatitis clinic. The clinical advantages of proactive therapy are fewer exacerbations, an improved quality of life and – in severe cases – lower treatment costs.
Seborrheic keratosis
Authors: Hafner Christian , Vogt Thomas 
Published: October 2008

Summary Seborrheic keratosis is one of the most common skin tumors. Because this tumor is benign, treatment is not mandatory. However, the lesions are often removed especially for cosmetic reasons. Despite its frequency, many aspects of seborrheic keratosis remain elusive. In the last years new molecular genetic insights into seborrheic keratoses have been gained. The current knowledge about seborrheic keratosis with respect to epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy is summarized.
Sun protection by red wine?
Authors: Moehrle Matthias , Dietrich Helmut , Patz Claus Dieter , Häfner Hans‐Martin 
Published: October 2008

Summary Background: There is increasing evidence that polyphenols, antioxidants from plants such as green tea or grapes, may impair the UV‐induced erythema reaction as well as carcinogenesis and metastasis of melanoma and epithelial skin cancer. The UVB‐protective potential of wine polyphenols has not been studied so far in humans. Patients and Methods: We tested the influence of local and systemic application of three red wines on the minimal erythema dose (MED) after UVB exposure in 15 healthy male physicians. Baseline MED were determined in all subjects. Irradiation was carried out prior to and immediately following 20 minutes of occlusive application of red wine as well as 12 % alcohol to the back. The systemic effect was tested by ultraviolet irradiation immediately prior to oral intake, Results: There were no topical effects. Wine A also provided no protection sys‐temically. Drinking wine B has led to an almost significant rise of MED, while wine C, which had the highest polyphenol content, produced a statistically significant higher MED (p = 0.031). Conclusions: “Wine baths” will not have sun protective properties. A significant rise of the MED following oral intake of the wine with the highest polyphenol content might be due to these substances. Further research is needed to clarify the role of polyphenol content, dose and duration of wine consumption.
Quality of psoriasis care in Germany – results of the national study PsoHealth 2007
Authors: Augustin Matthias , Reich Kristian , Reich Christine , Purwins Sandra , Jeff Rustenbach Stephan , Schäfer Ines , Radtke Marc 
Published: October 2008

Summary Background: Many different forms of treatment are available for psoriasis. The German standard is the national AWMF S3 guideline. A national survey on psoriasis care in 2005 indicated deficits in psoriasis care in Germany.Aim: Assessment of the health care situation of patients with psoriasis in Germany. Methods: Nation‐wide cross‐sectional study, in 142 dermatological practices and clinics. The following data were documented: a) Doctor Questionnaire: Treatment, illnesses, clinical characteristics and severity (PASI). b) Patient Questionnaire: Quality of life (QoL), patient relevant therapeutic benefits and satisfaction with the quality of the care. A panel of experts developed and analyzed 8 criteria as indicators of the quality of care. Results: Of the 2009 evaluated patients, 11.6% suffered from severe psoriasis (PASI > 20) and 27.4% from moderate psoriasis (PASI 10–20). The average PASI value was 10.1, and the DLQI 7.5. 32.2% of patients had a serious reduction in their QoL (DLQI > 10). The share of patients with preceding systemic therapy was 47.3%, in severe psoriasis 62.1%, while 20.1% of the patients had received inpatient treatment. The average number of days absent from work was 3.4. Compared to 2005, all 8 indicators improved. Conclusion: Significant numbers of psoriasis patients show serious quality of life reductions and high grades of clinical severity. In comparison to 2005, there has been a notable, nation‐wide improvement in psoriasis care.
Human polyomaviruses and cancer: expanding repertoire
Authors: Moens Ugo , Johannessen Mona 
Published: October 2008

SummaryPolyomaviruses were originally isolated in mouse and in monkey (SV40) about 50 years ago. In 1971, the first human polyomaviruses BK and JC were isolated and subsequently demonstrated to be ubiquitous in the human population. Recent studies have shown that SV40 can spread between humans and led to the identification of three new human polyomaviruses (KIPyV, MCPyV, and WUPyV). BKV, JCV, and SV40 appear harmless in healthy individuals, but possess pathogenic properties in immunosuppressed patients. Moreover they may play an etiological role in human malignancies. Epidemiologic and pathogenic studies of KIPyV, MCPyC, and WUPyV are limited so far, but MCPyV may be associated with Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare but aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. We describe the biology of human polyomaviruses, review their non‐malignant and malignant potentials, and discuss the mechanisms by which these viruses may contribute to transformation.
Are obsessive‐compulsive disorders and personality disorders sufficiently considered in occupational dermatoses? A discussion based on three case reports
Authors: Shab Arna , Matterne Uwe , Diepgen Thomas L. , Weisshaar Elke 
Published: October 2008

SummaryHand dermatitis is relatively common in the general population. Among work‐related diseases, it is the most common form of occupational skin disease. Irritant hand dermatitis is the most frequent type. Besides wet work and direct contact to irritating occupational substances frequent hand washing can damage the barrier function of the skin facilitating the manifestation of hand dermatitis that frequently occurs chronically. According to own observations the role of obsessive‐compulsive washing as part of an anxiety disorder or personality disorders may not be considered sufficiently. A possible pathogenetic relation between hand dermatitis and psychogenic disorders is discussed in a 22‐year old physician's assistant, a 50‐year old male nurse working in intensive care, and a 54‐year old cleaner. All three patients complained about feelings of revulsion, fear of contamination and a high frequency of hand washing. These cases may encourage dermatologists to consider psychological aspects of hand dermatitis e.g. obsessive compulsive washing, overcome their inhibitions and consider these aspects in an integrated way when planning patient's therapy.
Fractional laser skin therapy
Authors: Bodendorf Marc Oliver , Grunewald Sonja , Wetzig Tino , Simon Jan C. , Paasch Uwe 
Published: October 2008

SummaryModern treatment of chronically photodamaged skin provides new, minimally invasive methods for laser intervention, using fractional, non‐ablative thermal energy for an induction of dermal remodeling. The clinical efficacy coupled with a minimum "down time" for the patient has directed the development of fractional ablative laser systems. Recently introduced systems are based on C02and heated Er:YAG laser systems. The clinical efficacy has been tested on one prototype each and verified their effects at a microscopic level. Initial reports suggest the results are comparable to those achieved with fractional ablative systems. We review the current possibilities incorporating our personal experience. Systematic investigations of clinical outcomes with various system settings are still needed. The possible combination of ablative and non‐ablative fractional technology may also lead to increased efficacy and safety of the procedure.
Successful treatment of relapsing disseminated coccidioidomycosis with cutaneous involvement with posaconazole
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Hansel Gesina , Vennewald Irina , Schönlebe Jacqueline , Tintelnot Kathrin , Seibold Michael , Kittner Thomas 
Published: October 2008

SummaryA 52‐year‐old woman with pulmonary sarcoidosis on immunosuppressive therapy developed pulmonary infiltrates and cutaneous granulomatous abscesses after a trip to the USA in April 2005. A hyphomycete was identified, further characterized by a gene probe as Coccidioides spp. and then definitively identified as Coccidioides posadasii by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Antibodies towards Coccidioides spp. were detected. The infection was successfully treated with posaconazole (Noxafil®), 2 x 400 mg/d.
Wrong diagnosis erysipelas: hypodermitis – case series and review of literature
Authors: Reich‐Schupke Stefanie , Kreuter Alexander , Altmeyer Peter , Stücker Markus 
Published: October 2008

Summary Background: Patients with an advanced chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) often show inflammatory changes of their legs. Often erysipelas is diagnosed and systemic antibiotic therapy initiated. Frequently this approach is not successful. Patients and Methods: During the last 6 months 5 patients with an outside diagnosis of erysipelas presented to our clinic. All had a painful erythema of the medial part of one or both calves and all failed numerous antibiotic regimens. Results: In all patients a sharply demarcated, tender indurated erythema of the medial part of one or both calves was seen. Inguinal lymphadenopathy, fever and other systemic signs and symptoms were absent. In 4 of 5 patients normal laboratory inflammatory parameters were normal. We diagnosed hypodermitis in all. They were treated with compression therapy and topical corticosteroids. In addition, their underlying CVI was addressed. Conclusions: Dermatosclerosis is often seen in patients with advanced CVI. An acute inflammatory phase (hypodermitis) and a chronic phase of the disease can be differentiated. The acute hypodermitis can imitate erysipelas clinically, with systemic signs and symptoms, as well as laboratory evidence of inflammation generally being absent.
Hypercapnia and the neonate
Authors: Jankov Robert P , Tanswell A Keith 
Published: October 2008

Abstract‘Permissive hypercapnia’ is a familiar term in neonatal intensive care, given the widespread adoption of low‐tidal‐volume ventilation strategies applied with the goal of decreasing respiratory morbidity. Recent evidence suggesting that hypercapnic acidosis may itself have protective effects on the lung and other organs has led to the coining of a new phrase, ‘therapeutic hypercapnia’, which also encompasses the use of supplemental inspired CO2.Conclusion: Experimental evidence suggests that mild‐moderate hypercapnia can improve tissue oxygenation and perfusion, which may ameliorate injury to the immature lung and brain. However, hypercapnia may also be associated with adverse outcomes, and the range of PaCO2 levels that are both safe and effective for specific subsets of neonates has yet to be determined.
Effects of Testosterone Undecanoate Administered Alone or in Combination with Letrozole or Dutasteride in Female to Male Transsexuals
Authors: Meriggiola Maria Cristina , Armillotta Francesca , Costantino Antonietta , Altieri Paola , Saad Farid , Kalhorn Thomas , Perrone Anna Myriam , Ghi Tullio , Pelusi Carlotta , Pelusi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Testosterone undecanoate (TU) has potential as androgen therapy for ovariectomized female to male (FtM) transsexual subjects; however, the long-term physiologic effects of TU treatment, the significance of testosterone (T), and the T metabolites dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol (E) on specific outcome parameters are currently unknown.

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term treatment of TU with regard to bone metabolism, body composition, and lipid profile in FtM subjects, and to evaluate the relationship between observed effects and circulating levels of T, E, and DHT.

Main Outcome Measures
Circulating follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, T, E, DHT, and lipid concentrations were measured, as well as bone metabolism, body composition, and insulin resistance.

Methods
This was a 1-year, randomized treatment, open-label, uncontrolled safety study. Fifteen ovariectomized FtM subjects from an outpatient clinic were divided into three groups to receive TU 1,000 mg alone or in combination with oral administration of letrozole (L) 2.5 mg/die or dutasteride (D) 0.5 mg/die for a period of 54 weeks.

Results
TU alone and TU + D treatments were successful in terms of hormone adjustment, did not result in any adverse effects, and were well-tolerated. Bone mineral density decreased by an average of 0.9 g/cm2 in the TU + L group, and the addition of D resulted in a failure to gain lean mass.

Conclusion
This study confirmed that TU is a successful and safe treatment for FtM subjects. These data indicate that E has an important role in bone metabolism and that DHT may play a role in muscle metabolism.
Penile Injection with Silicone: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Silberstein Jonathan , Downs Tracy , Goldstein Irwin 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Liquid injectable silicone (LIS) has been used for soft tissue augmentation in excess of 50 years. Until recently, all literature on penile augmentation with LIS consisted of case reports or small cases series, most involving surgical intervention to correct the complications of LIS. New formulations of LIS and new methodologies for injection have renewed interest in this procedure.

Aim
We reported a case of penile augmentation with LIS and reviewed the pertinent literature.

Methods
Comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed. We performed additional searches based on references from relevant review articles.

Results
Injection of medical grade silicone for soft tissue augmentation has a role in carefully controlled study settings. Historically, the use of LIS for penile augmentation has had poor outcomes and required surgical intervention to correct complications resulting from LIS.

Conclusions
We currently discourage the use of LIS for penile augmentation until carefully designed and evaluated trials have been completed.
Cortisol, Sexual Arousal, and Affect in Response to Sexual Stimuli
Authors: Hamilton Lisa Dawn , Rellini Alessandra H. , Meston Cindy M. 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Theoretically, the physiological response to stress should inhibit the sexual response. This has been demonstrated experimentally in animal models, and correlationally in studies of human reproduction. It is reasonable to expect, then, that the stress response would be blunted during sexual arousal, and several researchers have found a pattern of decreasing cortisol during sexual arousal.

Aim
In the present study, we explored individual differences in women's cortisol response to sexual arousal in a laboratory setting. We also examined how cortisol response in the laboratory related to a validated measure of sexual arousal functioning in real life.

Main Outcome Measures
Cortisol levels were measured in saliva via enzyme immunoassay. Subjective arousal was measured by a self-report questionnaire, and genital arousal was measured by a vaginal photoplethysmograph.

Methods
Subjective and physiological responses to an erotic film were assessed in 30 women. Saliva samples were taken at baseline and following the film.

Results
The majority of women (N = 20) showed a decrease in cortisol; nine women showed an increase in response to an erotic film. The women who showed an increase in cortisol had lower scores on the Arousal, Desire, and Satisfaction domains of the Female Sexual Function Index. Genital arousal in the laboratory was not related to cortisol change.

Conclusions
Women who show an increase in cortisol in response to sexual stimuli in the laboratory have lower levels of functioning in certain areas of their sexual life compared with women who show a decrease in cortisol. Stress related to sexual performance may interfere with sexual arousal.
The Associations Between Serum Sex Hormones, Erectile Function, and Sex Drive: The Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms and Health Status Among Men
Authors: Gades Naomi M. , Jacobson Debra J. , McGree Michaela E. , St. Sauver Jennifer L. , Lieber Michael M. , Nehra Ajay , Girman Cynthia J. , Klee George G. , Jacobsen Steven J. 
Published: October 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Testosterone replacement therapy has been used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction; however, its use remains controversial, and the effectiveness and long-term health implications are unknown.

Aim
To evaluate the association between sex hormone serum levels, erectile function, and sexual drive in a population-based sample of men.

Methods
A stratified random sample of men residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, completed a questionnaire containing questions from the Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory (BMSFI), and participated in a clinical exam, which included serum hormone measurements.

Main Outcome Measures
Levels of sexual drive (libido) and erectile function as assessed by the BMSFI and serum testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and estradiol measurements.

Results
Out of 414 men, 294 had a regular sexual partner and androgen measurements at the 14th year of follow-up. Total testosterone and erectile function were significantly correlated even after adjustment for age (r = 0.12, P = 0.04). Conversely, total testosterone was not significantly correlated with sex drive (r = 0.08, P = 0.17). Bioavailable testosterone was significantly correlated with both erectile function and sex drive (r = 0.16, P = 0.01 and r = 0.20, P = 0.001, respectively). However, these associations disappeared after age adjustment (r = 0.04 and r = 0.09).

Conclusions
These cross-sectional results suggest the relationship between sex hormones and sexual function is complex, and that the age-related decline in sexual function may be due to age-related declines in levels of bioavailable testosterone rather than total testosterone levels.