bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An extended core‐based framework for delay‐constrained group communication
Authors: Karaman Ayşe , Hassanein Hossam 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMultipoint communications is the simultaneous transmission of data streams from a number of sources to a set of receivers in a group according to predetermined metrics. The core‐based approach in multipoint communication enhances potential solutions in terms of quality‐of‐service (QoS)‐efficiency and feasibility of the results in inter and intra‐domain routing. In this paper, we first analyse the solution space for constrained multipoint communication problems under the core‐based approach. We show that the range of solutions examined by the models proposed to date is restricted to a subset of the entire solution space, which restricts the potential efficiency of the results. We propose SPAN, a core‐based framework processing on our identified extended solution space for constrained multi‐source group applications. SPAN consists of core selection and tree construction as two modular components complimenting one another to achieve more efficient solutions in distributed processing. SPAN is also asymmetric, hence potentially operates in domains in which link weights are not necessarily equal in both directions. We analyse the computational and message complexity of our framework and show its feasibility for distributed deployment. Our performance results show that SPAN consistently outperforms its counterparts in the literature in terms of cost and QoS‐efficiency. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pak1 regulates dendritic branching and spine formation
Authors: Hayashi Kanehiro , Ohshima Toshio , Hashimoto Mitsuhiro , Mikoshiba Katsuhiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe serine/threonine kinase p21‐activated kinase 1 (Pak1) modulates actin and microtubule dynamics. The neuronal functions of Pak1, despite its abundant expression in the brain, have not yet been fully delineated. Previously, we reported that Pak1 mediates initiation of dendrite formation. In the present study, the role of Pak1 in dendritogenesis, spine formation and maintenance was examined in detail. Overexpression of constitutively active‐Pak1 in immature cortical neurons increased not only the number of the primary branching on apical dendrites but also the number of basal dendrites. In contrast, introduction of dominant negative‐Pak caused a reduction in both of these morphological features. The length and the number of secondary apical branch points of dendrites were not significantly different in cultured neurons expressing these mutant forms, suggesting that Pak1 plays a role in dendritogenesis. Pak1 also plays a role in the formation and maintenance of spines, as evidenced by the altered spine morphology, resulting from overexpression of mutant forms of Pak1 in immature and mature hippocampal neurons. Thus, our results provide further evidence of the key role of Pak1 in the regulation of dendritogenesis, dendritic arborization, the spine formation, and maintenance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2007.
Kit‐like immunoreactivity in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract reveals putative ICC
Authors: Rich A. , Leddon S.A. , Hess S.L. , Gibbons S.J. , Miller S. , Xu X. , Farrugai G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) motility results from the coordinated actions of enteric neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), and smooth muscle cells. The GI tract of the zebrafish has a cellular anatomy that is essentially similar to humans. Although enteric nerves and smooth muscle cells have been described, it is unknown if ICC are present in the zebrafish. Immunohistochemistry and PCR were used determine expression for the zebrafish Kit orthologue in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract. Cells displaying Kit‐like immunoreactivity were identified in the muscular layers of the adult zebrafish gastrointestinal tract. Two layers of Kit‐positive cells were identified, one with multipolar cells located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers and one with simple bipolar cells located deep in the circular muscle layer. Primers specifically designed to amplify mRNA coding for two zebrafish kit genes, kita and kitb, and two kit ligands, kitla and kitlb, amplified the expected transcript from total RNA isolated from zebrafish GI tissues. The Sparse mutant, a kita null mutant, showed reduced contraction frequency and increased size of the GI tract indicating a functional role for kita. These data establish the presence of a cellular network with Kit‐like immunoreactivity in the myenteric plexus region of the zebrafish GI tract, adjacent to enteric neurons. Expression of kita and kitb, and the ligands kitla and kitlb, were verified in the adult GI tract. The anatomical arrangement of the Kit‐positive cells strongly suggests that they are ICC. Developmental Dynamics 236:903–911, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional role of transforming growth factor‐β type III receptor during palatal fusion
Authors: Nakajima Akira , Ito Yoshihiro , Asano Masatake , Maeno Masao , Iwata Koichi , Mitsui Narihiro , Shimizu Noriyoshi , Cui Xiao‐Mei , Shuler Charles F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe molecular regulation of palatogenesis continues to be an active area of investigation to provide a foundation for understanding the molecular etiology of cleft palate. Transforming growth factor (TGF) ‐β type III receptor (TβR‐III) has been shown to be specifically expressed in the medial edge epithelium at critical stages of palatal shelf adherence during palatogenesis. The aim of this study was to examine TβR‐III mRNA localization and expression levels in vivo and to determine the requirement for TβR‐III expression during palatal fusion in vitro. TβR‐III gene expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization in tissue specimens and real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction using specific cells in the palatal shelf isolated by laser capture microdissection. TβR‐III was knocked down in embryonic day (E) 13 palatal shelves in organ culture. Palatal shelf organ cultures were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) at final concentrations of 300, 400, and 500 nM, respectively. The treatment with siRNA specific for TβR‐III decreased the amount of protein by approximately 75%. The reduction in TβR‐III resulted in a delay in the process of palatal fusion compared with control. The protein expression of phospho‐Smad2 was decreased in the TβR‐III siRNA group. In addition, palatal organ cultures treated with TβR‐III siRNA + rhTGF‐β3 completely fused by 72 hr in vitro. These results support our hypothesis that TβR‐III has a critical role in the process of palatal fusion. Developmental Dynamics 236:791–801, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spectrum of ENU‐induced mutations in phenotype‐driven and gene‐driven screens in the mouse
Authors: Barbaric Ivana , Wells Sara , Russ Andreas , Dear T. Neil 
Published: February 2007

AbstractN‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis in mice has become a standard tool for (i) increasing the pool of mutants in many areas of biology, (ii) identifying novel genes involved in physiological processes and disease, and (iii) in assisting in assigning functions to genes. ENU is assumed to cause random mutations throughout the mouse genome, but this presumption has never been analyzed. This is a crucial point, especially for large‐scale mutagenesis, as a bias would reflect a constraint on identifying possible genetic targets. There is a significant body of published data now available from both phenotype‐driven and gene‐driven ENU mutagenesis screens in the mouse that can be used to reveal the effectiveness and limitations of an ENU mutagenesis approach. Analysis of the published data is presented in this paper. As expected for a randomly acting mutagen, ENU‐induced mutations identified in phenotype‐driven screens were in genes that had higher coding sequence length and higher exon number than the average for the mouse genome. Unexpectedly, the data showed that ENU‐induced mutations were more likely to be found in genes that had a higher G + C content and neighboring base analysis revealed that the identified ENU mutations were more often directly flanked by G or C nucleotides. ENU mutations from phenotype‐driven and gene‐driven screens were dominantly A:T to T:A transversions or A:T to G:C transitions. Knowledge of the spectrum of mutations that ENU elicits will assist in positional cloning of ENU‐induced mutations by allowing prioritization of candidate genes based on some of their inherent features. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The co‐morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders: a review
Authors: Swinbourne Jessica M. , Touyz Stephen W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo critically review the literature examining the co‐morbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders.MethodA review of the literature on the co‐morbidity between anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and eating disorders not otherwise specified and the anxiety disorders of OCD, PTSD, social anxiety, GAD, panic and agoraphobia.ResultsOf the empirical studies undertaken, it is clear that anxiety disorders are significantly more frequent in subjects with eating disorders than the general community. Researchers have shown that often anxiety disorders pre‐date eating disorders, leading to a suggestion that early onset anxiety may predispose individuals to developing an eating disorder. To date however, the research presents strikingly inconsistent findings, thus complicating our understanding of eating disorder and anxiety co‐morbidity. Furthermore, despite indications that eating disorder prevalence amongst individuals presenting for anxiety treatment may be high, there is a distinct lack of research in this area.DiscussionThis review critically examines the available research to date on the co‐morbidity of eating disorders and anxiety disorders. Some of the methodological limitations of previous research are presented, in order to highlight the issues which warrant further scientific investigation in this area. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
The experience of ‘feeling fat’ in women with anorexia nervosa, dieting and non‐dieting women: an exploratory study
Authors: Cooper Myra J. , Deepak Kavita , Grocutt Elizabeth , Bailey Emma 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo provide a preliminary, systematic exploration of some features associated with the experience of ‘feeling fat’.MethodWomen with anorexia nervosa (N = 16), women who were dieting (N = 15) and non‐dieting women (N = 17) took part in a semi‐structured interview.ResultsFeeling fat was common in all three groups of women. It was associated with distress, negative emotions, internal and external body sensations, images in a range of modalities, negative self beliefs and a first memory of feeling fat. Differences specifically characteristic of those with anorexia nervosa were identified, including feeling fatter, greater associated distress, more negative emotions, greater ‘emotional’ belief in cognitions, a richer experience, an earlier first memory, greater strength of negative self beliefs and a link to restricting behaviour. Some qualitative data are reported.ConclusionsThe experience of feeling fat can be ‘unpacked’ in a way that may be useful in cognitive therapy for those with anorexia nervosa. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Feasibility and acceptability of CD‐ROM‐based cognitive‐behavioural treatment for binge‐eating disorder
Authors: Shapiro Jennifer R. , Reba‐Harrelson Lauren , Dymek‐Valentine Maureen , Woolson Sandra L. , Hamer Robert M. , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe compared preliminary feasibility and acceptability of CD‐ROM‐delivered CBT for overweight individuals with binge‐eating disorder (BED) to 10 weekly group CBT sessions (Group) and to a waiting list control (WL). Attrition was numerically greater in the Group than the CD‐ROM condition; although only Group differed significantly from WL in dropout rates. Those in the CD‐ROM condition reported continued use of their CD‐ROM after treatment. Also, the majority of WL participants elected to receive CD‐ROM over Group treatment at the end of the waiting period. Preliminarily, no significant differences emerged across the active treatment groups on most outcome measures. However, there was a significantly greater decline in binge days in the two active groups relative to WL. CD‐ROM appears to be an acceptable and at least initially preferred method of CBT delivery for overweight individuals with BED. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
2‐Dimensional code design for an optical CDMA system with a parallel interference cancellation receiver
Authors: Morelle Mikaël , Goursaud Claire , Julien‐Vergonjanne Anne , Aupetit‐Berthelemot Christelle , Cances Jean‐Pierre , Dumas Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to design a two‐Dimensional Optical Code Division Multiple Access system (2D‐OCDMA) for application in access networks, with coding and decoding functions performed by electronic devices. We present a new construction method of Multi‐Wavelength Optical Orthogonal Codes (MWOOC), which permits a high flexibility in the code parameters choice. This work evaluates in the noiseless case, the MWOOC potentialities for two receiver structures: a Conventional Correlation Receiver (CCR) and a Parallel Interference Cancellation receiver (PIC). We show that with a PIC receiver, it is possible to design two‐Dimensional codes that respect the access specifications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Throughput performance of Hybrid ARQ schemes with packet and code combining for DS‐CDMA downlink systems using orthogonal spreading sequences
Authors: Boujemâa Hatem , Bahri Mohamed Wissem El , Siala Mohamed 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we evaluate the throughput performance of Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) and HARQ I, with packet combining, and HARQ II, with code combining, using convolutional codes for DS‐CDMA downlink systems employing a Rake receiver. The different user packets are code multiplexed using a set of orthogonal variable spreading factor sequences. The analysis is carried out in two extreme scenarios, with either a constant or a packet‐by‐packet independent multipath fading channel during the different transmissions. The obtained results are valid for any multipath intensity profile of the channel and take simultaneously into account AWGN noise, path gains estimation noise, intersymbol interference and multiuser interference. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
E‐model based comparison of multiple description coding and layered coding in packet networks
Authors: Zhou Yugang , Chan Wai‐Yip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examine the performance of multiple description coding (MDC) with and without the use of automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols for packet network communication, in comparison with layered coding (LC). The rate‐distortion lower bound of MDC and LC are incorporated into an E‐model based performance measure, which accounts for the additional costs of excess rates and delay incurred from using ARQ. The results show that the relative merits of the schemes depend on the values of the packet loss rates and round‐trip‐time (RTT). LC is superior for small RTT and unaided MDC is superior for large RTT. For moderate RTT, LC is preferred for small packet loss rates and MDC aided by ARQ is preferred for large packet loss rates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radio‐optic demonstrator for distributed antenna system indoor wireless applications using low‐cost VCSELs
Authors: Dayoub Iyad , Zaouche Abdelouahib , Rouvaen Jean Michel , Lethien Christophe , Vilcot Jean‐Pierre , Decoster Didier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntegration of wireless and optical networks would offer a potential solution for high bandwidth, mobility and cost reduction in the access networks. Radio over optical fibre (RoF) combines the capacity of optical networks with the flexibility and mobility of wireless access networks. In this paper, an economic demonstrator for RoF indoor applications is proposed using in‐building pre‐installed multimode fibre (MMF), low cost 850 nm VCSELs and 50 µm MMF pigtailed photodiodes. The system is dedicated to Distributed Antenna System (DAS) indoor wireless applications. To evaluate our system, error vector magnitude (EVM) measurements and eye‐diagrams have been demonstrated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proxy caching algorithms and implementation for time‐shifted TV services
Authors: Wauters Tim , Van De Meerssche Wim , Backx Peter , De Turck Filip , Dhoedt Bart , Demeester Piet , Van Caenegem Tom , Six Erwin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe increasing popularity of multimedia streaming applications introduces new challenges in content distribution networks (CDNs). Streaming services such as Video on Demand (VoD) or digital television over the Internet (IPTV) are very bandwidth‐intensive and cannot tolerate the high start‐up delays and poor loss properties of today's Internet. To solve these problems, caching (the initial segment of) popular streams at proxies could be envisaged. This paper presents a novel caching algorithm and architecture for time‐shifted television (tsTV) and its implementation, using the IETF's Real‐Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP). The algorithm uses sliding caching windows with sizes depending on content popularity and/or distance metrics. The caches can work in stand‐alone mode as well as in co‐operative mode. This paper shows that the network load can already be reduced considerably using small diskless caches, especially when using co‐operative caching. A prototype implementation is detailed and evaluated through performance measurements. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The presence of active Cdk5 associated with p35 in astrocytes and its important role in process elongation of scratched astrocyte
Authors: He Yi , Li Hui‐Li , Xie Wei‐Yan , Yang Chun‐Zhang , Yu Albert Cheung Hoi , Wang Yun 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a unique member of the Cdk family; its kinase activity requires association with its activator, p35 or p39. p35 is the strongest and best characterized activator. Previous studies showed that p35 is a neuron‐specific protein that restricts Cdk5 activity in neurons. However, a high expression level of Cdk5 is found in astrocytes, which raises the possibility that astrocytic Cdk5 is functional. Here we show the presence of functional Cdk5 associated with p35 in astrocytes and demonstrate its important role in process elongation of scratched astrocytes. We found that p35 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were co‐localized in primary cultured and acute isolated brain cells. Cdk5 could form an immunocomplex with p35 and its activity was shown in pure primary cultured astrocytes. p35 was upregulated in astrocytes injured by scratching, concomitantly with upregulation of Cdk5 kinase activity. Pretreatment of the scratched astrocytes with a Cdk5 inhibitor, roscovitine, could delay wound healing by inhibiting the reorganization of tubulin, GFAP, and the extension of hypertrophic processes. Moreover, overexpression of dominant negative Cdk5 could shorten the length of extending protrusion of reactive astrocytes. Thus, our findings demonstrated that functional Cdk5, associated with p35, was expressed in astrocytes and its activity could be upregulated in reactive astrocytes, a new role of Cdk5 that has never been reported in the nervous system. The present study may provide new insight for understanding the multifunctional protein complex Cdk5/p35 in the nervous system. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single‐trial analysis of oddball event‐related potentials in simultaneous EEG‐fMRI
Authors: Bénar Christian‐G. , Schön Daniele , Grimault Stephan , Nazarian Bruno , Burle Boris , Roth Muriel , Badier Jean‐Michel , Marquis Patrick , Liegeois‐Chauvel Catherine , Anton Jean‐Luc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThere has recently been a growing interest in the use of simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional MRI (fMRI) for evoked activity in cognitive paradigms, thereby obtaining functional datasets with both high spatial and temporal resolution. The simultaneous recording permits obtaining event‐related potentials (ERPs) and MR images in the same environment, conditions of stimulation, and subject state; it also enables tracing the joint fluctuations of EEG and fMRI signals. The goal of this study was to investigate the possibility of tracking the trial‐to‐trial changes in event‐related EEG activity, and of using this information as a parameter in fMRI analysis. We used an auditory oddball paradigm and obtained single‐trial amplitude and latency features from the EEG acquired during fMRI scanning. The single‐trial P300 latency presented significant correlation with parameters external to the EEG (target‐to‐target interval and reaction time). Moreover, we obtained significant fMRI activations for the modulation by P300 amplitude and latency, both at the single‐subject and at the group level. Our results indicate that, in line with other studies, the EEG can bring a new dimension to the field of fMRI analysis by providing fine temporal information on the fluctuations in brain activity. Hum Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychiatric disorders and labor market outcomes: evidence from the National Latino and Asian American Study
Authors: Chatterji Pinka , Alegría Margarita , Lu Mingshan , Takeuchi David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates to what extent psychiatric disorders and mental distress affect labor market outcomes in two rapidly growing populations that have not been studied to date–ethnic minorities of Latino and Asian descent, most of whom are immigrants. Using data from the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS), we examine the labor market effects of meeting diagnostic criteria for any psychiatric disorder in the past 12 months as well as the effects of psychiatric distress in the past year. The labor market outcomes analyzed are current employment status, the number of weeks worked in the past year among those who are employed, and having at least one work absence in the past month among those who are employed. Among Latinos, psychiatric disorders and mental distress are associated with detrimental effects on employment and absenteeism, similar to effects found in previous analyses of mostly white, American born populations. Among Asians, we find more mixed evidence that psychiatric disorders and mental distress detract from labor market outcomes. Our findings suggest that reducing disparities and expanding access to effective treatment may have significant labor market benefits–not just for majority populations, as has been demonstrated, but also for Asians and Latinos. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving the measurement of health system output growth
Authors: Castelli Adriana , Dawson Diane , Gravelle Hugh , Street Andrew 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNational income accounting practice is to weight health service activities by their cost so that they can be aggregated into an output index. Quality changes are ignored. We propose an ‘ideal’ value weighted output index in which the value attached to each output reflects its contribution to health outcomes and other characteristics valued by patients. Calculation of the index for the health system as a whole is currently infeasible because of a lack of data, especially on health outcomes. We demonstrate alternative ways of combining health outcome data with existing information on post‐treatment survival, life expectancy and waiting times to construct quality adjusted cost weighted and health outcome weighted indices for a small set of hospital activities for which there are health outcome data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.