bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of electropolymerization and photopolymerization for the determination of molnupiravir and their application in an electrochemical sensor via computationally designed molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Cetinkaya Ahmet , Unal M. Altay , Nazır Hasan , Çorman M. Emin , Uzun Lokman , Ozkan Sibel A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract A comparative analysis of molecularly imprinted polymers based on different synthesis techniques was performed for the recognition of molnupiravir (MOL). The polymerizations were performed with 3-thienyl boronic acid (3-TBA) as a functional monomer by electropolymerization (EP) and with guanine methacrylate (GuaM) as a functional monomer by photopolymerization (PP). Morphological and electrochemical characterizations of the developed sensors were investigated to verify the constructed sensors. Moreover, quantum chemical calculations were used to evaluate changes on the electrode surface at the molecular and electronic levels. The dynamic linear range of both designed sensors under optimized experimental conditions was found to be 7.5 × 10−12–2.5 × 10−10 M and 7.5 × 10−13–2.5 × 10−11 M for EP and PP, respectively. The effect of various interfering agents on MOL peak current was assessed for the selectivity of the study. In the presence of 100 times more interfering agents, the RSD and recovery values were determined. The RSD values of GuaM/MOL@MIP/GCE and poly(Py-co-3-PBA)/MOL@MIP/GCE sensors were found to be 1.99% and 1.72%, respectively. Furthermore, the recovery values of the MIP-based sensors were 98.18–102.69% and 98.05–103.72%, respectively. In addition, the relative selectivity coefficient (k′) of the proposed sensor was evaluated, and it exhibited good selectivity for MOL with respect to the NIP sensor. The prepared sensor was successfully applied to determine MOL in commercial serum samples and capsule form. In conclusion, the developed sensors provided excellent reproducibility, repeatability, high sensitivity, and selectivity against the MOL molecule.
Graphical Abstract
Detection and complete genome characterization of a genogroup X (GX) sapovirus (family Caliciviridae) from a golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Hungary
Authors: Balázs Benigna , Boros Ákos , Pankovics Péter , Nagy Gábor , Szekeres Sándor , Urbán Péter , Reuter Gábor 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel genotype of genogroup X (GX) sapovirus (family Caliciviridae) was detected in the small intestinal contents of a golden jackal (Canis aureus) in Hungary and characterised by viral metagenomics and next-generation sequencing techniques. The complete genome of the detected strain, GX/Dömsöd/DOCA-11/2020/HUN (PP105600), is 7,128 nt in length. The ORF1- and ORF2-encoded viral proteins (NSP, VP1, and VP2) have 98%, 95%, and 88% amino acid sequence identity to the corresponding proteins of genogroup GX sapoviruses from domestic pigs, but the nucleic acid sequence identity values for their genes are significantly lower (83%, 77%, and 68%). During an RT-PCR-based epidemiological investigation of additional jackal and swine samples, no other GX strains were detected, but a GXI sapovirus strain, GXI/Tótfalu/WBTF-10/2012/HUN (PP105601), was identified in a faecal sample from a wild boar (Sus scrofa). We report the detection of members of two likely underdiagnosed groups of sapoviruses (GX and GXI) in a golden jackal and, serendipitously, in a wild boar in Europe.
Present and paleo-hydrogeological reconstruction of a complex deep groundwater system in a tectonically active region (Golan Heights, Middle East)
Authors: Ben-nun Levanon Hadas , Burg Avihu , Gavrieli Ittai , Rosenberg Yoav O. , Gersman Ronen , Bartov Yuval , Livshitz Yakov , Starinsky Avraham , Reznik Itay J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The geochemical and isotopic composition of deep groundwater in sedimentary aquitards reveals a complex paleo-hydrological system affected by intensive tectonic activity. Water samples collected from deep research boreholes in the Golan Heights (Middle East) exhibit a unique combination of high salinity (>2,000 mg/L Cl) with low Na/Cl (<0.7) and Mg/Ca (<0.3) equivalent ratios, calcium chloride water type [Ca > (HCO3 + SO4)], relatively low δ18OVSMOW and δ2HVSMOW values (–7 and –42‰, respectively), and enriched 87Sr/86Sr ratios compared to the host rocks. The salinity source is related to ancient lagoonary hypersaline brines (10–5 Ma) that existed along the Dead Sea Rift (DSR). These brines intruded into the rocks surrounding the DSR and, based on the current study, also extended away from the rift. Following their subsurface intrusion, the brines have been gradually diluted by 18O- and 2H-depleted freshwater recharged at high elevations, nowadays leaving only traces of the brines that originally intruded. It is also shown that variable hydraulic conductivities in different formations control the dilution rates and subsequently the preservation of the entrapped brines. A paleo-hydrological reconstruction is provided to demonstrate intrusion and backflow dynamics and also the relationship to freshwater dilution, which was triggered by a tectonically active basin of the nearby continental DSR. Brines that initially migrated from the rift have since been gradually flushed back to the rift through the current natural outlets. As the system discharges, it mixes and converges with a separate hydrogeological system, while still preserving some of the geochemical signals of the ancient brines.
Safety of masitinib in patients with neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hamad Abdullah Ashraf , Amer Basma Ehab 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This meta-analysis aimed to examine the safety of masitinib in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods
We considered randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different doses of masitinib versus placebo. We performed our analysis using the R (v.4.3.0) programming language and the incidence of adverse events was pooled using risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
We included five RCTs, focusing on multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The meta-analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of adverse events in the masitinib group compared to the control group, regardless of adverse event grade and masitinib dose (RR = 1.12, 95% CI [1.07 to 1.17], P < 0.01). Adverse events categorized as severe, non-fatal serious, leading to dose reduction, and leading to permanent discontinuation also showed a higher incidence in the masitinib group (P ≤ 0.01). Subgroup analysis for AD and MS supported these findings. The pooled incidence of adverse events, regardless of their grade, was higher in the masitinib group for both the 3 mg/kg/d dose (RR = 1.13, P = 0.01) and the 4.5 mg/kg/d dose (RR = 1.11, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between masitinib 3 mg/kg/d dose and placebo regarding severe and non-fatal serious adverse events for the.

Conclusion
Masitinib use in neurodegenerative diseases presents safety concerns that may impact patients' quality of life and require management. Further research is recommended to determine the optimal dose with minimal safety concerns in this patient population.
Targeting inflammation in perivascular cells and neuroimmune interactions for treating kidney disease
Authors: Tanaka Shinji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of various kidney diseases. Kidney perivascular cells (pericytes/fibroblasts) are responsible for producing proinflammatory molecules, promoting immune cell infiltration, and enhancing inflammation. Vascular adhesion protein-1, expressed in kidney perivascular cells, is an ectoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary amines with the production of hydrogen peroxide in the extracellular space. Our study demonstrated that blocking this enzyme suppressed hydrogen peroxide production and neutrophil infiltration, thereby reducing renal ischemia–reperfusion injury. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling was also observed to play an essential role in the regulation of perivascular inflammation. S1P, which is produced in kidney perivascular cells, is transported into the extracellular space via spinster homolog 2, and then binds to S1P receptor-1 expressed in perivascular cells. Upon injury, inflammatory signaling in perivascular cells is enhanced by this pathway, thereby promoting immune cell infiltration and subsequent fibrosis. Furthermore, inhibition of S1P transport by spinster homolog 2 reduces kidney fibrosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors can restore the capacity for erythropoietin production in kidney perivascular cells. Animal data suggested that these drugs could also alleviate kidney and lipid inflammation although the precise mechanism is still unknown. Neuroimmune interactions have been attracting significant attention due to their potential to benefit patients with inflammatory diseases. Vagus nerve stimulation is one of the most promising strategies for harnessing neuroimmune interactions and attenuating inflammation associated with various diseases, including kidney disease. Using cutting-edge tools, the vagal afferents–C1 neurons–sympathetic nervous system–splenic nerve–spleen–kidney axis responsible for kidney protection induced by vagus nerve stimulation was identified in our study. Further research is required to decipher other crucial systems that control kidney inflammation and to determine whether these novel strategies can be applied to patients with kidney disease.
Sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of multiple system atrophy
Authors: Leys Fabian , Eschlböck Sabine , Campese Nicole , Mahlknecht Philipp , Peball Marina , Goebel Georg , Sidoroff Victoria , Krismer Florian , Granata Roberta , Kiechl Stefan , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus , Wenning Gregor K. , Fanciulli Alessandra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of multiple system atrophy (MSA) through a literature review and an analysis of a retrospective cohort.

Methods
The PubMed database was searched for articles including sex-related information in MSA. In a retrospective Innsbruck cohort, we investigated the baseline to last available follow-up clinical-demographic differences between men and women with MSA in a univariate fashion, followed by multivariable binary regression analysis.

Results
The literature search yielded 46 publications with sex-related information in MSA. Most studies found comparable survival rates between the sexes, while some recent reports suggested a potential survival benefit for women, possibly due to initial motor onset and overall less severe autonomic failure compared to men. The retrospective Innsbruck MSA cohort comprised 56 female and 60 male individuals with a comparable median follow-up of 27 months. At baseline, female sex was independently associated with depression (odds ratio [OR] 4.7; p = 0.007) and male sex with severe orthostatic hypotension (OR 5.5; p = 0.016). In addition, at last follow-up, female sex was associated with the intake of central nervous system-active drugs (OR 4.1; p = 0.029), whereas male sex was associated with the presence of supine hypertension (OR 3.0; p = 0.020) and the intake of antihypertensive medications (OR 8.7; p = 0.001). Male sex was also associated with initiation of antihypertensive medications over the observation period (OR 12.4; p = 0.004).

Conclusion
The available literature and findings of the present study indicate sex-related differences in the clinical presentation of MSA and its evolution over time, highlighting the importance of considering sex in symptom exploration, therapeutic decision-making, and future clinical trial design.
The role of cue salience in prospective memory commission errors in nonperformed nonfocal tasks
Authors: Mello Beatriz , Matos Patrícia , Albuquerque Pedro B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProspective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to execute an intention in the future without having a permanent reminder. These intentions can be performed when they are not relevant or become no-longer needed, the so-called “commission errors”. The present study aims to understand the effect of cue salience on PM commission errors with unperformed intentions and on the ongoing task performance-associated costs. Through a between-subjects design, eighty-one participants were assigned to 3 conditions: the no-PM condition, which served as control, and the salient and nonsalient conditions, which were asked to perform a lexical decision task and an incomplete nonfocal prospective memory task (i.e. no PM cues were presented). Subsequently, participants were instructed to no longer execute the prospective intention. In the second phase, a lexical decision task occurred again, including irrelevant PM cues, which should not be answered as such. In the salient condition, cues were salient (i.e. presented in red or blue background). In contrast, in the nonsalient condition, PM cues appeared on a black background, as any other stimuli. In the no-PM control condition, participants only performed an LDT. A commission error occurred when the (irrelevant) intention was performed in this second phase. Results showed that more participants performed a commission error in the presence of salient cues, even when PM intentions became irrelevant. Additionally, when cues were not salient, participants took longer to answer the LDT, as reasoned by the spontaneous retrieval theory. These findings are discussed according to the dual-mechanism account.
Submarine landslides and tsunami genesis in Sagami Bay, Japan, caused by the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake
Authors: Murata Kazuki , Ebisuzaki Toshikazu , Sassa Shinji , Takagawa Tomohiro , Masuda Koichi , Miyamoto Takujiro , Ohno Masato , Maruyama Shigenori 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 1923 Great Kanto earthquake occurred on September 1, in Japan, and caused severe damage mainly in the Kanto region. Tsunamis were observed over wide regions from the east coast of the Izu Peninsula to the west coast of the Boso Peninsula, and particularly, the damage in Atami was devastating. Many earthquake fault models including those of Kanamori (1971) and Ando (1971) were proposed based on the records of land deformation. However, such fault models cannot sufficiently explain the tsunami elevation and its initial sea-level motion on the coasts. Hence, the detailed mechanisms remain elusive. This study examines the possibility that a leading mechanism of the tsunami in the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake was a large-scale submarine landslide that occurred at Sagami Bay and at the mouth of Tokyo Bay based on the records of depth data measured by the Imperial Japanese Navy (1924) before and after the earthquake. We first show that the tsunami calculated by each fault model was inconsistent with the waveform at Yokosuka, the coastal tsunami elevations, and initial sea-level motion. Then, based on statistical analysis of the depth changes at the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake, we found that the seafloor bathymetric changes represented large-scale submarine landslides that may correspond to long-runout submarine liquefied sediment flows. The seafloor gradient over a 40 km flow-out distance was equal to or less than 0.4$$^\circ$$

∘

. Through the identification of the submarine landslide source by tsunami backpropagation analysis and utilizing an analytical solution of a high-density gravity flow and a sensitivity analysis, we conducted a range of numerical simulations of the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake tsunamis using a fault model and a submarine landslide tsunami source model due to a high-density liquefied gravity flow. The results quantitatively accounted for the discrepancy between the observed tsunami records with maximum tsunami elevations over 12 m and the fault-model–based simulations with maximum tsunami elevations of 2 to 5 m and explained consistently the maximum tsunami elevation distributions as well as the time-series tsunami waveforms. These results may thus facilitate and deepen our understanding of the earthquake-induced submarine landslide tsunami risk as cascading multi-geohazards.
The challenge of open-texture in law
Authors: Guitton Clement , Tamò-Larrieux Aurelia , Mayer Simon , van Dijck Gijs 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn important challenge when creating automatically processable laws concerns open-textured terms. The ability to measure open-texture can assist in determining the feasibility of encoding regulation and where additional legal information is required to properly assess a legal issue or dispute. In this article, we propose a novel conceptualisation of open-texture with the aim of determining the extent of open-textured terms in legal documents. We conceptualise open-texture as a lever whose state is impacted by three types of forces: internal forces (the words within the text themselves), external forces (the resources brought to challenge the definition of words), and lateral forces (the merit of such challenges). We tested part of this conceptualisation with 26 participants by investigating agreement in paired annotators. Five key findings emerged. First, agreement on which words are open-texture within a legal text is possible and statistically significant. Second, agreement is even high at an average inter-rater reliability of 0.7 (Cohen’s kappa). Third, when there is agreement on the words, agreement on the Open-Texture Value is high. Fourth, there is a dependence between the Open-Texture Value and reasons invoked behind open-texture. Fifth, involving only four annotators can yield similar results compared to involving twenty more when it comes to only flagging clauses containing open-texture. We conclude the article by discussing limitations of our experiment and which remaining questions in real life cases are still outstanding.
circRNA-PTPN4 mediated regulation of FOXO3 and ZO-1 expression: implications for blood–brain barrier integrity and cognitive function in uremic encephalopathy
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Qin Yanling , Zhang Yanning 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUremic encephalopathy (UE) poses a significant challenge in neurology, leading to the need to investigate the involvement of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in its development. This study employed ncRNA-seq and RNA-seq approaches to identify fundamental ncRNAs, specifically circRNA and miRNA, in the pathogenesis of UE using a mouse model. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to explore the circRNA-PTPN4/miR-301a-3p/FOXO3 axis and its effects on blood–brain barrier (BBB) function and cognitive abilities. The research revealed that circRNA-PTPN4 binds to and inhibits miR-301a-3p, leading to an increase in FOXO3 expression. This upregulation results in alterations in the transcriptional regulation of ZO-1, affecting the permeability of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). The axis also influences the growth, proliferation, and migration of HBMECs. Mice with UE exhibited cognitive deficits, which were reversed by overexpression of circRNA-PTPN4, whereas silencing FOXO3 exacerbated these deficits. Furthermore, the uremic mice showed neuronal loss, inflammation, and dysfunction in the BBB, with the expression of circRNA-PTPN4 demonstrating therapeutic effects. In conclusion, circRNA-PTPN4 plays a role in promoting FOXO3 expression by sequestering miR-301a-3p, ultimately leading to the upregulation of ZO-1 expression and restoration of BBB function in mice with UE. This process contributes to the restoration of cognitive abilities.
Graphical Abstract
1. The circRNA-PTPN4/miR-301a-3p/FOXO3 axis is identified as a key regulator of blood–brain barrier integrity and cognitive function in uremic encephalopathy.
2. circRNA-PTPN4 sequestration of miR-301a-3p enhances FOXO3 expression, leading to upregulation of ZO-1 and improved endothelial permeability.
3. Overexpression of circRNA-PTPN4 in uremic mice restores cognitive abilities and reduces neuronal loss and inflammatory infiltration.
Identification and characterization of Phaseolus vulgaris CHS genes in response to salt and drought stress
Authors: Isıyel Murat , İlhan Emre , Kasapoğlu Ayşe Gül , Muslu Selman , Öner Burak Muhammed , Aygören Ahmed Sidar , Yiğider Esma , Aydın Murat , Yıldırım Ertan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Common beans hold significant importance in sustainable agriculture and their critical role in human nutrition cannot be overstated. Factors such as climate change underscore the necessity for expanding genetic diversity and delineating the attributes of local bean cultivars. Among the various abiotic stressors, drought emerges as a formidable constraint limiting bean cultivation. While diverse set of strategies are employed to mitigate the impacts of drought stress, the ultimate and enduring solution lies in the development of drought-resistant bean cultivars, and it can be stated that the same situation is valid for salinity stress. Flavonoid biosynthesis is very important for plant growth and development and flavonoids are known to be involved in many pathways including stress response. This study aimed to comprehensively identify and characterize the CHS gene family within different bean cultivars exposed to drought and salt stress, utilizing genome-wide analysis, and assessing gene expression levels. Employing a spectrum of in silico methodologies, 14 CHS genes were identified in the common bean genome. These genes exhibited molecular weights ranging from 37.38 to 43.34 kDa and consisted of 341–393 amino acid residues. Remarkably, all Pvul-CHS genes shared a common structure comprising two exons. Phylogenetic analyses conducted across Phaseolus vulgaris, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Glycine max revealed that the Pvul-CHS gene family could be classified into three primary clusters. The expression profiles of Pvul-CHS genes unveiled their varied tissue-specific expressions and their pivotal roles in responding to diverse abiotic stresses. Furthermore, we conducted in silico assessments of the chromosomal positions of CHS gene family members in beans, their orthologous associations with related genomes, and cis-acting element analyses. The outcomes of this study hold the potential to significantly contribute to the breeding of beans endowed with enhanced resilience against salt and drought conditions.