bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals
Authors: Dobson Tamsin , Lenchine Valeri , Bainbridge Scott 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMarine life both affects and is affected by coastal, marine and offshore engineering. As engineering projects have become larger, more frequent and more complex, hence has the number and type of interactions with marine life. Engineers are looking for more information about these interactions so they can better mitigate against any harmful effects to marine life and enhance any positive impacts. This review aims to fill this purpose, giving professional engineers a broad understanding of the impacts that marine engineering projects can cause to marine life and to suggesting some “best practice” mitigation strategies. The review considers the interactions between engineering projects and marine life from three perspectives with a specific example given in each case. First, potential mitigation measures are discussed in the context of offshore windfarms. Secondly, the issue of engineering noise affecting marine species in different ways. Lastly, the engineering solutions employed in the “Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Restoration Project” is exampled. Environmental Impact Assessments used by managers must reference up-to-date and detailed data from biological surveys so that local species that are vulnerable to the specific engineering activities can be identified. The mitigation activities must include acoustic mitigation, be scalable and affordable. This review highlights the need for engineers to liaise closely with marine scientists and biologists to ensure that solutions are appropriate and do not have unexpected or indirect consequences to marine life.
Detection of myocardial infarction using Shannon energy envelope, FA-MVEMD and deterministic learning
Authors: Zeng Wei , Shan Liangmin , Yuan Chengzhi , Du Shaoyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) poses a significant clinical challenge, necessitating expeditious and precise detection to mitigate potentially fatal outcomes. Current MI diagnosis predominantly relies on electrocardiography (ECG); however, it is fraught with limitations, including inter-observer variability and a reliance on expert interpretation. This study introduces an automated MI detection framework that capitalizes on hybrid signal processing methodologies and deterministic learning theory. The initial step involves the extraction of the Shannon energy envelope (SEE) and its derivative from a single-lead ECG. Integration of the SEE into the ECG’s phase portrait provides a means to capture the underlying nonlinear system dynamics. Subsequently, the application of fast and adaptive multivariate empirical mode decomposition (FA-MVEMD) yields discriminative features originating from the most energetically dominant intrinsic mode components (IMFs) within the SEE. Profound dissimilarities are discernible between ECG signals recorded from healthy subjects and those afflicted with MI. In the subsequent phase, deterministic learning theory, implemented through neural networks, is employed to facilitate the classification of ECG signals into two distinct groups. The method’s efficacy is meticulously evaluated using the PTB diagnostic ECG database, resulting in a noteworthy average classification accuracy of 99.21$$\%$$
%
within a tenfold cross-validation framework. In summation, the findings affirm that the proposed features not only complement conventional ECG attributes but also align closely with the underlying dynamics of the ECG system, ultimately fortifying the automatic detection of MI. The imperative requirement for early and accurate MI diagnosis is addressed through our approach, offering a robust and dependable means to fulfill this pivotal clinical need.
Why is the Cobb-Douglas production function so popular?
Authors: Balk Bert M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is well known that, in continuous time, the Cobb-Douglas function can be derived from the underlying, data governing, accounting identity under some reasonable assumptions (factor shares are constant, and the weighted growth of the labour input price and the capital input price is constant). In this article these results are generalized in three ways: (1) the accounting identity contains a (pure) profit term; (2) continuous time is replaced by discrete time periods; (3) additional assumptions appear to be superfluous. The article also discusses extensions: from two to multiple inputs, from value added to gross output, and from a single production unit to an ensemble of those units.
Sufficient synchronization conditions for resistively and memristively coupled oscillators of FitzHugh-Nagumo-type
Authors: Lautenbacher Robin , Al Beattie Bakr , Ochs Karlheinz , Köhl Ralf 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe study the synchronization behavior of a class of identical FitzHugh-Nagumo-type oscillators under adaptive coupling. We describe the oscillators by a circuit model and we provide a sufficient synchronization condition that relies on the shape of the nonlinear conductance’s (i, u)-curve and the connectivity of the adaptive coupling network. The coupling network is allowed to be time-variant, state-dependent and locally adaptive, where we treat memristive coupling elements as a special case. We provide a physical interpretation of synchronization in terms of power dissipation and investigate the sharpness of our condition.
DFT studies on structure, electronics, bonding nature, NBO analysis, thermodynamic properties, molecular docking, and MM-GBSA evaluation of 4-methyl-3-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-5-amido]benzoic acid: a potent inhibitor of Graves’ disease
Authors: Edache Emmanuel Israel , Uzairu Adamu , Mamza Paul Andrew , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Ibrahim Muhammad Tukur 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA calculation analysis on the molecular structure and energy of 4-methyl-3-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole-5-amido]benzoic acid (COD30) is carried out with the 6-311G (d,p) basis set by the DFT/RB3LYP method as an anti-graves' disease treatment. The calculated FT-IR spectrum is strongly correlated with the vibrational spectra reported in the literature. To evaluate the entire electron density and organic reactive sites of COD30, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) were analyzed. The density of states analysis is used to determine the orbital molecular contributions (DOS and PDOS). In comparison to methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil, COD30 showed more encouraging docking results, and it also offered golden binding contacts in addition to an improvement in docking energy (PTU). The outcomes of bioactivity prediction and MD simulation indicate that COD30 could be further developed into an inhibitor of Graves' disease.
Vulnerability of Asylum Seekers and Undocumented Migrants in Toronto
Authors: Atak Idil , Asalya Sara , Zyfi Jona 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article examines the underlying structural elements contributing to the vulnerability experienced by asylum seekers and undocumented migrants across two critical domains: refugee eligibility examination and accessibility of essential social services, particularly healthcare. By drawing insights from fieldwork conducted in Toronto between 2020 and 2022, this article investigates how migrants navigate and perceive vulnerability encountered both at the front-end of the refugee status determination and while trying to access social services. It discusses the perspectives of key stakeholders, including lawyers, representatives of immigrant-focused non-profit organizations, and municipal officials, shedding light on their experiences and insights regarding the challenges faced by migrants. Furthermore, this article critically evaluates Canada’s adherence to the principles articulated in the 2018 United Nations Global Compacts on Migration and Refugees concerning the mitigation of vulnerability among migrant populations.
Misunderstandings and Intentional Misrepresentations: Challenging the Continued Framing of Consensual and Nonconsensual Intimate Image Distribution as Child Pornography
Authors: Dodge Alexa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany educational presentations continue to straightforwardly frame both consensual and nonconsensual intimate image distribution among youth as child pornography. This continues despite the availability of a purpose-built offence for nonconsensual intimate image distribution (NCIID) that was designed, in part, to avoid the use of child pornography offences in NCIID cases and the existence of a “private use exception” that limits the applicability of child pornography offences in cases of consensual “sexting” among youth. This sometimes inaccurate and, I argue, inappropriate focus on child pornography offences is especially common in presentations by police and public safety personnel. Through a discursive analysis of Canadian case law and a case study of educational approaches provided by the CyberScan unit, I find that the continued dominance of a child pornography framing is based on both genuine misconceptions of how these offences apply to intimate image distribution and intentional misrepresentations of the legal context.
Impact of financial compensation on enrollment and participation in a remote, mobile-app based research study
Authors: Meier Shelby , Cheng Alex , Tischbein Maeve , Shyr Cathy , Jerome Rebecca N. , Edwards Terri L. , Stroud Mary , Wilkins Consuelo H. , Harris Paul A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
There is no consensus on how to determine appropriate financial compensation for research recruitment. Selecting incentive amounts that are reasonable and respectful, without undue inducement, remains challenging. Previously, we demonstrated that incentive amount significantly impacts participants’ willingness to complete various hypothetical research activities. Here we further explore this relationship in a mock decentralized study.

Methods:
Adult ResearchMatch volunteers were invited to join a prospective study where interested individuals were given an opportunity to view details for a study along with participation requirements, then offered a randomly generated compensation amount between $0 and $50 to enroll and participate. Individuals agreeing to participate were then asked to complete tasks using a remote mobile application (MyCap), for two weeks. Tasks included a weekly survey, a daily gratitude journal and daily phone tapping task.

Results:
Willingness to participate was 85% across all incentive levels but not significantly impacted by amount. Task completion appeared to increase as a function of compensation until a plateau at $25. While participants described the study as low burden and reported that compensation was moderately important to their decision to join, only 31% completed all study tasks.

Conclusion:
While offering compensation in this study did not have a strong effect on enrollment rate, this work provides insight into participant motivation when joining and participating in studies employing mobile applications.
Implications for the Testimonial Reductionism/Anti-Reductionism Debate from Psychological Studies of Selective Trust: Scope and Limitations
Authors: Iizuka Shun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The child objection is a major challenge for reductionism, which requires hearers to have positive reasons for testimonial justification. However, it has been pointed out that anti-reductionism, which requires only the absence of negative reasons, or defeaters, suffers from the same kind of problem. The child objection presupposes the empirical thesis that “children do not have the capacity to consider reasons,” but the plausibility of this assumption may be revealed by developmental psychology research on selective trust. This paper uses recent epistemological studies as a guide to narrow down the types of defeaters that children are required to consider, and then clarifies what kind of reasons various experiments can be said to test the ability to consider, and in what sense children who pass the test can be said to be “considering” reasons. In doing so, we clarify the scope and limits of the implications that selective trust studies can have for reductionism and anti-reductionism. We then suggest what future psychological research is desired from an epistemological interest to go beyond the current limitations.
Coherent distributions on the square–extreme points and asymptotics
Authors: Cichomski Stanisław , Osękowski Adam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet
$\mathcal{C}$
denote the family of all coherent distributions on the unit square
$[0,1]^2$
, i.e. all those probability measures
$\mu$
for which there exists a random vector
$(X,Y)\sim \mu$
, a pair
$(\mathcal{G},\mathcal{H})$
of
$\sigma$
-fields, and an event E such that
$X=\mathbb{P}(E\mid\mathcal{G})$
,
$Y=\mathbb{P}(E\mid\mathcal{H})$
almost surely. We examine the set
$\mathrm{ext}(\mathcal{C})$
of extreme points of
$\mathcal{C}$
and provide its general characterisation. Moreover, we establish several structural properties of finitely-supported elements of
$\mathrm{ext}(\mathcal{C})$
. We apply these results to obtain the asymptotic sharp bound
$\lim_{\alpha \to \infty}\alpha\cdot(\sup_{(X,Y)\in \mathcal{C}}\mathbb{E}|X-Y|^{\alpha}) = {2}/{\mathrm{e}}$
.
Super-replication of life-contingent options under the Black–Scholes framework
Authors: Ng Ze-An , Koh You-Beng , Loo Tee-How , Yang Hailiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider the super-replication problem for a class of exotic options known as life-contingent options within the framework of the Black–Scholes market model. The option is allowed to be exercised if the death of the option holder occurs before the expiry date, otherwise there is a compensation payoff at the expiry date. We show that there exists a minimal super-replication portfolio and determine the associated initial investment. We then give a characterisation of when replication of the option is possible. Finally, we give an example of an explicit super-replicating hedge for a simple life-contingent option.
Revisiting the Concept of Voice: Expression of Grievances across the English and Welsh National Health Service
Authors: Mulcahy Linda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article reexamines the notion of voice in law and society scholarship, which has focused on journeys to complaints and claims. Using the English and Welsh National Health Service as a case study, it argues that looking at the articulation of grievances through a large number of channels across a large service sector offers new opportunities to examine a range of different political logics underpinning voicing mechanisms. Two key arguments emerge. First, it becomes clear that expressions of dissatisfaction can be collected for a variety of purposes other than dispute resolution or conflict management. Formal grievance procedures, rendered legitimate by concepts of rights and due process, not only interact with but compete with other ways of serving the collective good. The second key finding is that when looked at in isolation, the concept of voice can usefully be studied as a discrete concept rather than just a vital component of claiming.
Classicism and Modern Growth: The Shadow of the Sages
Authors: Ma Chicheng 
Published: April 2024

This paper examines how the worship of ancient wisdom affects economic progress in historical China, where the learned class embraced classical wisdom for millennia but encountered the shock of Western industrial influence in the mid-nineteenth century. Using the number of sage temples to measure the strength of classical worship in 269 prefectures, I find that classical worship discouraged intellectuals from appreciating modern learning and thus inhibited industrialization between 1858 and 1927. By contrast, industrialization grew faster in regions less constrained by classicism. This finding implies the importance of cultural entrepreneurship, or the lack thereof, in shaping modern economic growth.
“The humor of blaming the present, and admiring the past, is strongly rooted in human nature, and has an influence even on persons endued with the profoundest judgment and most extensive learning.”—David Hume (1754, p. 464).
Oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with multiple disabilities
Authors: Chane-Law Emeline , Prum Grégoire , Mallart Remi , Verin Eric 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among institutionalised children with multiple disabilities, a topic with limited literature coverage.MethodsThe study employed a questionnaire, specifically the F-PEDI-EAT-10, to screen for dysphagia in children. Trained nurses administered the questionnaire to the participants.ResultsThe study included 117 children with multiple disabilities (51.3 per cent boys and 48.7 per cent girls) with an average age of 14 ± 4.7 years. The questionnaire revealed that 53 per cent (n = 62) of the children had a positive score and, surprisingly, 29 per cent of them (n = 18) did not have a confirmed diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Notably, children with a positive F-PEDI-EAT-10 score had a significantly higher prevalence of pneumopathy and undernutrition compared with those with a negative score.ConclusionThis study underscores the high prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among children with multiple disabilities, a condition that is often underdiagnosed.
Pacifying the Battlefield of Industry: Warfare and Social Rights in 1848 France
Authors: Boscarello Samuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study delves into the intricate relationship between warfare and social rights during the Second French Republic. As recent scholarship suggests that the emergence of social rights in the 18th century involved a transition from Christian charity principles to secular obligations, primarily influenced by proponents of free markets, this research uncovers a distinct path during the July Monarchy. Here, socialists framed social rights using a unique language centered on warfare, which was overtly at odds with the prevailing free-market discourse. This transformation led to the concept of “guerre industrielle” or industrial warfare, portraying industrial workers as modern soldiers in the international economic competition among nations. Such a narrative significantly molded the political demands of the emerging French working class, focusing on securing decent employment and extending to workers the social provisions already granted to the military. These demands gained substantial momentum during the tumultuous 1848 Revolution, fueling a call for comprehensive societal transformation, emphasizing cooperative production and mutual assistance. Nevertheless, the rejection of these radical ideas was primarily attributed to the reluctance of moderate republicans to embrace the profound societal changes implied by such demands. By delving into the intricacies of this relationship, the article offers fresh insights into the development of social rights before the emergence of the Welfare State and their impact on the construction of tools of socioeconomic governance during the last two centuries.
Patentes, contratos de defensa e innovación en el sector de armamento militar en España, 1878–1939
Authors: Martos Gómez José J. , Ortiz-Villajos José M. 
Published: April 2024

ResumenEl trabajo analiza la innovación en la industria militar en España entre 1878 y 1939 a partir de las patentes y los contratos de defensa. El alto porcentaje de contratos de productos patentados (63%) es indicio de una notable relación entre patentes y contratos. Esto se ve confirmado por la coincidencia en el orden de los principales países en ambas variables. El test econométrico confirma la estadística descriptiva y, además, evidencia que las patentes a priori más valiosas (de invención, puestas en práctica, más longevas y empresariales) tienen una correlación más fuerte con los contratos. Desde la óptica sectorial también se observa una correlación positiva y significativa, aunque menos intensa que desde el espacial. El análisis micro confirma la estrecha relación de las patentes con la actividad del sector de armamento militar, explicita los protagonistas y las vías de esa relación (importación, producción local y licencias) y explica las disparidades observadas en el análisis agregado.
Health technology assessment in traditional and complementary medicine: a scoping review of international activity and examples of acupuncture
Authors: Ai Dan-Dan , Sui Bin-Yan , Duan Cheng-A-Xin , Xu Qian , Zhao Kun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Traditional therapies are crucial in maintaining and improving human well-being. China’s healthcare policymakers are attempting to use health technology assessment (HTA) as a decision-making supportive tool. The value assessment framework for Chinese patent medicine (CPM) has been developed and is being adopted and validated widely by research institutions. Subsequently, the healthcare decision-makers particularly hanker for the value framework of traditional non-pharmacological therapies.

Methods
To construct a practical value framework for traditional non-pharmacological therapies, a scoping review methodology was adopted to identify the evaluation domains and obstacles. A search, screening, and analysis process was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Evidence was retrieved from scientific databases and HTA agencies’ websites.

Results
The search strategy identified 5 guidelines records and 17 acupuncture HTA reports. By synthesizing the valuable reports of CPM and acupuncture evaluation in representative countries, this study found that Mainland China was promoting the comprehensive value assessment of CPM, whereas the United Kingdom, Singapore, Canada, the United States, and Malaysia had carried out the HTA evaluation of acupuncture for various conditions among which chronic pain was the most common. UK and Singapore applied the HTA results to support acupuncture reimbursement decisions. Three domains, including safety, effectiveness, and economy, were commonly adopted. The identified biggest challenge of evaluating traditional non-pharmacological therapies is the scarce high-quality clinical evidence.

Conclusions
This study identified value domains and issues of traditional therapies, and pointed out future research implications, to promote the development value framework of traditional therapies.