bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administering a Chill Pill? Better Regulation and the Potential for Regulatory Chill in European Union Health Policy
Authors: Brooks Eleanor , Lauber Kathrin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The European Union's “good governance” program, known as Better Regulation, seeks to improve the quality of EU legislation by controlling the policy-making process. Despite its importance, it is rarely accounted for in the EU health policy literature. Seeking to address this gap, this article introduces Better Regulation in the context of health policy making. It conceptualizes a model of regulatory chill, drawn from the literature on international trade, to interrogate the impact of Better Regulation on EU policy-making processes. Using examples from the literature and data from a series of interviews with EU officials, it explores potential pathways of response and anticipatory chill, identifying direct enforcement of Better Regulation, its utilization by corporate actors, interpretation of its provision by officials, and feedback loops as possible routes of influence. The article argues that such an approach not only presents methodological challenges but also offers a valuable way of conceptualizing the relevance of political institutions in general, and Better Regulation specifically, for health. As part of broader calls for attention to the political determinants of health, the article's findings highlight the particular, and often overlooked, importance of metaregulatory policy frameworks.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs3213119 variant of IL-12B gene in diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis patients
Authors: Mirza Iffat Ejaz , Amir Rashid Amir Rashid , Amer Fakhr Amer Fakhr , Asifa Majeed Asifa Majeed , Ali Rathore Ali Rathore , Zunaira Ali Baig Zunaira Ali Baig 
Published: April 2024

Objective: To identify the IL12B gene variant (rs3213119) and to find its association in Pakistani clinical population of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Methods: It was a population association (unrelated) case control study, performed from January - December 2022 at Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Blood samples were collected from all 150 study participants, followed by DNA extraction and Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction performed at Center for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM) Laboratory of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College Rawalpindi. Statistical analysis was done using ‘SPSS’ (version-22), followed by gene analysis on ‘SNPstat’.
Results: About 28.0% of RA patients were smokers, 38.7% had history of RA in a first degree relative and 70.7% had positive history of consanguinity. Considering rs3213119 variant of IL12B gene, frequency of major allele C was 100%, minor allele A was 21%, genotype C/C was 79% and C/A was 21%. Applying the log additive model, the odds ratio of the genotype C/C was 1.00 (adjusted by age and gender with 95 % CI) and the odds ratio of the genotype C/A was 0.00, 52.0% of RA patients originated from four predominant ethnic groups, namely Awaans (18.7%), Rajputs (14.7%), Pathans (12.0%) and Araeens (6.7%).
Conclusion: The study findings suggest the role of minor allele ‘A’ as risk allele in our clinical population. CA genotype confers susceptibility towards the RA development.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.7671
How to cite this: Mushtaq I, Rashid A, Fakhr A, Majeed A, Rathore A, Baig ZA. Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs3213119 variant of IL-12B gene in diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.7671
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A cautionary note on pembrolizumab use in patients with ascending aortic aneurysms
Authors: Khan Muhammad E. A. , Ahern Shane , Prendergast Sophie C. , Burke Louise , Hinchion John 
Published: April 2024

Case description: We describe a case of a patient treated with pembrolizumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor) for metastatic scalp melanoma. He had a previous history of colorectal cancer, prostatic cancer and chronic polymyalgia rheumatica. The patient was known to have a stable ascending aortic aneurysm of 4.5 cm. However, he developed a rapid expansion of the ascending aortic aneurysm with the size crossing the threshold for surgery. The patient was referred to the cardiothoracic surgery service for intervention and he subsequently underwent surgery. The patient was electively admitted one week later for resection of aortic aneurysm, aortoplasty and external graft fixation. Pathologically, gross evidence of dissection was not identified; however, the histological analysis of the media showed laminar medial necrosis, multifocal in nature, with occasional clusters of histiocytic cells appreciated at their edge reminiscent of that seen in an inflammatory aortitis (granulomatous/giant cell type). Discussion: Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced aortitis is becoming increasingly evident, and its presentation can vary. It has been discovered incidentally on surveillance imaging with the use of nivolumab. In other cases, patients have been symptomatic to severely symptomatic. Atezolizumab with carboplatin and etoposide has been reported to cause abdominal aortitis which was responsive to corticosteroids and subsequent discontinuation of atezolizumab. Pembrolizumab has been linked to a case of transverse aortic arch aortitis. In our case, the inflammatory aortitis due to pembrolizumab was the cause of the rapid expansion of the ascending aortic aneurysm. Conclusion: Patients with known aortic aneurysms should undergo careful surveillance when commencing immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Broadband and high-enhancement-factor integrated long-wave infrared sensor using the photonic crystal assisted subwavelength grating waveguide
Authors: Zhang Dong , Liao Jie , Wang Pengjun , Fu Qiang , Chen Weiwei , Dai Shixun , Deng LiPeng , Li Jun , Dai Tingge , Yang Jianyi 
Published: April 2024

In this paper, a broadband and high-enhancement-factor integrated long-wave infrared sensor using the photonic crystal assisted subwavelength grating waveguide is presented, optimized, and analyzed in detail. By reasonably designing the structure and optimizing the corresponding parameters, the dispersion relationship can be adjusted to realize a relatively flat band and the slow-light effect can be introduced to improve the interaction between light and matter so that large and stable slow-light enhancement factors are obtained in a wide wavelength range, achieving high-performance detection of multiple types of matter. For the optimized sensor, the operating bandwidth from 7.65142 to 7.71125 µm is realized. When C2H2, HNO3, CH4, H2O2, or N2O is treated as the target matter, the corresponding slow-light enhancement factor at 7.677 µm, 7.661 µm, 7.670 µm, 7.7 µm, or 7.705 µm is, respectively, 4.3405, 4.3432, 4.3194, 5.1584, or 5.9745; the relevant sensitivity is 0.2394Wmol−1L, 0.3466Wmol−1L, 0.3639Wmol−1L, 0.2058Wmol−1L, or 0.4791Wmol−1L; and the minimum detectable concentration is 0.6032 ppb, 0.4164 ppb, 0.3966 ppb, 0.7019 ppb, or 0.3010 ppb.
Comparative proteomic analysis of the hemolymph and salivary glands of Rhodnius prolixus and R. colombiensis reveals candidates associated with differential lytic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Dm28c and T. cruzi Y
Authors: Barbosa Hamilton J. , Quevedo Yazmin Suárez , Torres Arlid Meneses , Veloza Gustavo A. Gaitán , Carranza Martínez Julio C. , Urrea-Montes Daniel A. , Robello-Porto Carlos , Vallejo Gustavo A. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Immune response of triatomines plays an important role in the success or failure of transmission of T. cruzi. Studies on parasite–vector interaction have shown the presence of trypanolytic factors and have been observed to be differentially expressed among triatomines, which affects the transmission of some T. cruzi strains or DTUs (Discrete Typing Units).

Methodology/Principal findings
Trypanolytic factors were detected in the hemolymph and saliva of R. prolixus against epimastigotes and trypomastigotes of the Y strain (T. cruzi II). To identify the components of the immune response that could be involved in this lytic activity, a comparative proteomic analysis was carried out, detecting 120 proteins in the hemolymph of R. prolixus and 107 in R. colombiensis. In salivary glands, 1103 proteins were detected in R. prolixus and 853 in R. colombiensis. A higher relative abundance of lysozyme, prolixin, nitrophorins, and serpin as immune response proteins was detected in the hemolymph of R. prolixus. Among the R. prolixus salivary proteins, a higher relative abundance of nitrophorins, lipocalins, and triabins was detected. The higher relative abundance of these immune factors in R. prolixus supports their participation in the lytic activity on Y strain (T. cruzi II), but not on Dm28c (T. cruzi I), which is resistant to lysis by hemolymph and salivary proteins of R. prolixus due to mechanisms of evading oxidative stress caused by immune factors.

Conclusions/Significance
The lysis resistance observed in the Dm28c strain would be occurring at the DTU I level. T. cruzi I is the DTU with the greatest geographic distribution, from the south of the United States to central Chile and Argentina, a distribution that could be related to resistance to oxidative stress from vectors. Likewise, we can say that lysis against strain Y could occur at the level of DTU II and could be a determinant of the vector inability of these species to transmit T. cruzi II. Future proteomic and transcriptomic studies on vectors and the interactions of the intestinal microbiota with parasites will help to confirm the determinants of successful or failed vector transmission of T. cruzi DTUs in different parts of the Western Hemisphere.
Interventions to improve the mental health of women experiencing homelessness: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Anderson Joanna , Trevella Charlotte , Burn Anne-Marie 
Published: April 2024

Background
Homelessness is a growing public health challenge in the United Kingdom and internationally, with major consequences for physical and mental health. Women represent a particularly vulnerable subgroup of the homeless population, with some evidence suggesting that they suffer worse mental health outcomes than their male counterparts. Interventions aimed at improving the lives of homeless women have the potential to enhance mental health and reduce the burden of mental illness in this population. This review synthesised the evidence on the effectiveness and acceptability of interventions which aim to improve mental health outcomes in homeless women.

Methods
Five electronic bibliographic databases: MEDLINE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, ASSIA and EMBASE, were searched. Studies were included if they measured the effectiveness or acceptability of any intervention in improving mental health outcomes in homeless women. Study quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool. A narrative summary of the study findings in relation to the research questions was produced.

Results
Thirty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, there was moderate evidence of the effectiveness of interventions in improving mental health outcomes in homeless women, both immediately post-intervention and at later follow-up. The strongest evidence was for the effectiveness of psychotherapy interventions. There was also evidence that homeless women find interventions aimed at improving mental health outcomes acceptable and helpful.

Conclusions
Heterogeneity in intervention and study methodology limits the ability to draw definitive conclusions about the extent to which different categories of intervention improve mental health outcomes in homeless women. Future research should focus on lesser-studied intervention categories, subgroups of homeless women and mental health outcomes. More in-depth qualitative research of factors that enhance or diminish the acceptability of mental health interventions to homeless women is also required.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO DO DESCARTE IRREGULAR DE MEDICAMENTOS PELA POPULAÇÃO
Authors: Santana Edson da Silva , Lima Paula karoline Raiol , Neves Sandrielson Pereira , Luz Diandra Araújo da , Araújo Daniella Paternostro de 
Published: April 2024

O amplo acesso aos medicamentos pela população, atrelado a falta de informação quanto ao descarte correto ocasionou recorrentes problemas ao meio ambiente e para a saúde da população. Embora não seja o mais adequado, tornou-se comum a posse de medicamentos em casa, uma espécie de “farmácia domiciliar”, contendo os mais variados tipos de medicamentos, desde os isentos de prescrição a outros como antibióticos, por exemplo. Sabendo que esses produtos possuem um prazo limite de validade, preocupa o destino dado pelo consumidor pós-expiração deste prazo ou mesmo quando o produto apresenta algum desvio de qualidade por armazenamento inadequado. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica acerca das legislações que direcionam o descarte correto de medicamentos, impactos ambientais do descarte indevido, estratégias de conscientização quanto ao destino adequado e o papel do farmacêutico neste aspecto. As buscas foram realizadas no período de janeiro a novembro de 2022, nas bases de dados Library Scientific Electronic, National Library of Medicine, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e no google acadêmico, sendo selecionados 21 artigos que compuseram o resultado do trabalho. Os trabalhos analisados demostram a clara necessidade de políticas públicas que visem o descarte correto de medicamentos, dentre os motivos para o armazenamento estão: automedicação, sobras de tratamentos e uso futuro; quanto ao descarte desses produtos, prevaleceram práticas inadequadas. Conclui-se que para minimizar as consequências do descarte incorreto e necessário a ação conjunta de todos que participam do processo de fabricação, compra, até o destino final.
HIPODERMÓCLISE: UMA REVISÃO DE EVIDÊNCIAS PARA AUXILIAR NO CUIDADO AO PACIENTE CRÍTICO
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigues Ana Beatriz , De Alcântara Neto José Martins , Menezes Araújo Lima Álisson , Morais e Silva Renan , Da Cruz Paiva Lívia Valerya , Costa de Souza João Antônio 
Published: April 2024

A hipodermóclise é uma técnica antiga, simples e segura para infusão de grandes volumes por via subcutânea, podendo apresentar benefícios importantes em pacientes críticos, em que é comum o acesso venoso difícil ou este pode não ser tolerado ou desejável. Este estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura acerca do uso de medicamentos por hipodermóclise, permitindo sua prática segura e eficaz. Para isso, evidenciou-se o perfil farmacoterapêutico dos pacientes de uma unidade de terapia intensiva em um hospital universitário do Ceará, com levantamento em banco de dados realizado de março a maio de 2018, sendo selecionados os 20 medicamentos injetáveis mais utilizados. Para a revisão, buscaram-se artigos, manuais e diretrizes até setembro de 2023 nas ferramentas Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Google Scholar. Foram selecionadas 70 publicações com informações sobre a técnica, em que 45,71% (32/70) se referiam a relato e série de casos. Dos 20 medicamentos selecionados, 3 (15%) são contraindicados para administração por hipodermóclise, 2 (10%) não foram encontrados relatos acerca desta técnica e 2 medicamentos (10%) continham informações insuficientes com relação ao modo de preparo. Muitos dos medicamentos abordados neste estudo têm apresentado, na literatura, eficácia e segurança semelhantes à via endovenosa, e alguns mostraram segurança superior, como o midazolam. Embora a hipodermóclise seja consagrada na literatura, ainda são escassos os estudos na área, principalmente com relação à eficácia e segurança dos medicamentos de uso habitual na prática clínica.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO E QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE FORMALDEÍDO LIVRE EM ALISANTES CAPILARES
Authors: Dobrilovich João Pedro Santos , Ribas Amanda Fraga , Rimoli Júlia Geyer , Cunha Ana Cristina Borba da 
Published: April 2024

O formaldeído é um composto químico muito utilizado em produtos de alisamento capilar. Há diversos casos relatados de problemas de saúde em decorrência do uso desse produto. A Anvisa (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária) estabeleceu um teor máximo de 0,2% de formaldeído em produtos capilares apenas com a função de conservante, mas o limite frequentemente é extrapolado. Nesse trabalho foram realizadas análises qualitativas, semiquantitativas e quantitativas para formaldeído em amostras de alisamento capilar recolhidas em um salão de beleza da Zona Norte de Porto Alegre, RS. As amostras foram submetidas ao reagente de Schiff para análise qualitativa e semiquantitativa. O surgimento de uma cor rosada indicou presença de formaldeído. As análises quantitativas das amostras foram realizadas por titulação de retorno. Todas as amostras testaram positivo para presença de aldeídos; a análise semiquantitativa revelou teor acima de 0,5% (m/m) para todas as amostras. A análise quantitativa indicou teores entre 2,24-9,61% (m/m). Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho foram corroborados pelos valores encontrados na literatura. Os valores encontrados excedem os limites estipulados pela Anvisa para produtos capilares, o que pode levar a diversos problemas de saúde, inclusive morte.
COSMÉTICOS SÓLIDOS PARA O CUIDADO DOS CABELOS: LEVANTAMENTO DESTA TENDÊNCIA NO MEIO CIENTÍFICO E NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Martins Torres Karine , Santos Pinheiro Mariana 
Published: April 2024

Os cosméticos sólidos são uma opção viável para suprir novas necessidades do mercado consumidor de cosméticos. Há uma demanda crescente por cosméticos que utilizem menos água em seu processo produtivo, e embalagens biodegradáveis, como papel, que são mais leves e de fácil reciclagem. Além disso, o produto em si é menor em tamanho e em peso, sendo mais fácil e menos custoso o seu transporte. É possível proporcionar uma melhor atividade no tratamento dos fios quando comparado aos cosméticos líquidos, pois possuem a vantagem de concentrar os ativos em comparação aos cosméticos líquidos. O cosmético sólido se encontra em crescente consumo, porém há pouquíssimos dados científicos sobre o estudo dessas formulações e seus métodos produtivos. Sabendo disso, este trabalho objetivou compreender a formulação de xampus e condicionadores sólidos, conhecendo seus ingredientes e processo produtivo, e regulamentação sanitária. Para isso, foram realizadas pesquisas em bases de dados como Pubmed e Periódicos CAPES. Os descritores utilizados foram: bar shampoo, solid shampoo, bar hair conditioner, solid hair conditioner e biocosmetics. Foram selecionados artigos publicados no período de 2000 a 2023, que estivessem disponíveis na íntegra e no idioma inglês. Foi realizada a pesquisa sobre a composição de xampus e condicionadores sólidos comercializados atualmente. Na pesquisa em bases de dados, encontrou-se apenas um artigo que abordava o tema xampus sólidos. Na pesquisa de mercado da composição de xampus e condicionadores foi possível determinar quais componentes são mais utilizados, como os surfactantes e ativos da formulação. Após todas as pesquisas, ficou evidente a escassez em que o meio científico se encontra quanto a informações sobre esses produtos, tanto na pesquisa e desenvolvimento quanto na regulamentação sanitária.
CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX WITH BLOOD PRESSURE SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC STUDY IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITAS SWADAYA GUNUNG JATI
Authors: Sriwiyati Kati , Akbar Namusy Muhamad , Weni Mustika 
Published: April 2024

Background: An increase in body mass index significantly excess fat in the body. It can affect blood pressure through sympathetic nerve pathways, renin-angiostensin and inflammation. Fat deposits on blood vessel walls cause atherosclerosis, narrowing, increasing blood pressure, and increasing heart work. So that BMI can be a contributing factor to cardiovascular disease. Objective: Knowing the correlation between body mass index and blood pressure in medical students of Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati (UGJ) Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with a Cross Sectional design. The correlation analysis method uses the Spearman rank correlation test. The measuring instruments used include weight scales, microtoice, and digital tension. Respondents totaled 262 preclinic students from the Faculty of Medicine UGJ. Results: Based on the spearman rank correlation test, a significant correlation was found between body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The p-value for both is (p=0.000), indicating a correlation. The strength of the correlation was weak positive with values of (r=0.375) for systolic blood pressure and (r=0.337) for diastolic blood pressure. That is, higher the BMI of a person, the higher the blood pressure. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation with weak positive strength between body mass index with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Medical Students. Keywords: Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, Faculty od Medicine, Hypertension, Obesity
Clinical Profile of Pediatric Patients with Steroid-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Treated by Cyclophosphamide, Cyclosporin A, Mycophenolate Mofetile and Tacrolimus in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Authors: Widiasta Ahmedz , Jambak Muhammad Khalid , Sekarwana Nanan 
Published: April 2024

Background: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome is a major cause of chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents. These diseases require appropriate management, while in some developing countries; the availability of agents recommended by international guidelines is very limited. Research objectives: To determine and describe the patient profiles of pediatric Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome (SRNS) that use Cyclophosphamide (CPA), Cyclosporine(CyA), Tacrolimus, and Mycofenolat Mofetil (MMF) in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital (RSHS), Bandung as a tertiary hospital in West Java, Indonesia. Methods and materials: This research used a retrospective study with crosssectional study design, total sampling method and medical record of pediatric (1-18 years old) patients from January 1st 2017–September 31st 2019 who were diagnosed as SRNS. Results : From 99 subjects that belonged to inclusion criteria, 35.4% pediatric SRNS patients were in the age group 6-10 years and 60.6% were males. Laboratorium profiles showed among all population, ureum <100 mg/dL were found as high as 97%, creatinine 0.3-1.0 mg/dL (71.7%) albumin >2,5 gr/dL (51.5%), negative hematuria (68.7%) , protein dipstick < 3 (50.5%), and LFG > 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (79.8%).. The patients generally had use CPA (87.9%) and remission <6 month (51.5%). Conclusion: Profiles of pediatric patients are important to diagnose and prognose SRNS. By using these approaches, it is feasible to access and detect the most effective treatment for SRNS.