bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ewing Sarcoma Related protein 1 recognizes R‐loops by binding DNA forks
Authors: Lay Michelle A. , Thompson Valery F. , Adelakun Ajibola D. , Schwartz Jacob C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEWSR1 (Ewing Sarcoma Related protein 1) is an RNA binding protein that is ubiquitously expressed across cell lines and involved in multiple parts of RNA processing, such as transcription, splicing, and mRNA transport. EWSR1 has also been implicated in cellular mechanisms to control formation of R‐loops, a three‐stranded nucleic acid structure consisting of a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced single‐stranded DNA strand. Unscheduled R‐loops result in genomic and transcription stress. Loss of function of EWSR1 functions commonly found in Ewing Sarcoma correlates with high abundance of R‐loops. In this study, we investigated the mechanism for EWSR1 to recognize an R‐loop structure specifically. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), we detected the high affinity binding of EWSR1 to substrates representing components found in R‐loops. EWSR1 specificity could be isolated to the DNA fork region, which transitions between double‐ and single‐stranded DNA. Our data suggests that the Zinc‐finger domain (ZnF) with flanking arginine and glycine rich (RGG) domains provide high affinity binding, while the RNA recognition motif (RRM) with its RGG domains offer improved specificity. This model offers a rational for EWSR1 specificity to encompass a wide range in contexts due to the DNA forks always found with R‐loops.
Measuring the impact of circular economy performance on financial performance: The moderating role of stakeholder engagement
Authors: Esposito Benedetta , Sica Daniela , Supino Stefania , Malandrino Ornella 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates whether and to what extent circular economy performance affects the financial performance of a global sample of listed agri‐food firms. Furthermore, the potential moderating role of stakeholder engagement in empowering this relationship has been tested. A circular economy performance index has been developed based on Environmental Social and Governance scores reclassified in the light of the reuse, reduce, recovery and recycling (4R) paradigm. Then, a multivariate regression model from 2015 to 2022 has been carried out. A broader theoretical framework has been adopted, combining the natural resource‐based view and stakeholder theory. The results show a positive relationship between the circular economy performance, the financial performance and the boosting function played by stakeholder engagement. The study findings provide stimuli for academics and managers to reflect on the profitability of the circular economy and the pivotal role of stakeholder engagement in giving a significant impulse to the circular transition.
Chemical Composition, Repellent, and Phytotoxic Potentials of the Fractionated Resin Essential Oil from Araucaria heterophylla Growing in Tunisia
Authors: Ben Romdhane Oumayma , Baccari Wiem , Saidi Ilyes , Flamini Guido , Ascrizzi Roberta , Chaieb Ikbal , Halim Harrath Abdel , Jannet Hichem Ben 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe resin essential oil (REO) of the Tunisian Araucaria heterophylla trunk bark was investigated for its chemical composition. Then, it was evaluated for its insecticidal and allelopathic activities. The REO was obtained by hydrodistillation for 9 h (yield of 4.2 % w/w). Moreover, fractional hydrodistillation was carried out at 3‐hour intervals, resulting in 3 fractions (R1–R3), to facilitate chemical identification and localization of the aforementioned biological activities. GC/MS analysis of the obtained samples allowed the identification of 25 compounds, representing between 91.2 and 96.3 % of their total constituents, which consisted predominantly of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and diterpene hydrocarbons. α‐Copaene (10.8 %), γ‐muurolene (5.8 %), α‐copaen‐11‐ol (7.8 %), spathulenol (10.5 %), 15‐copaenol (8.2 %), ylangenal (10.3 %), dehydrosaussurea lactone (7.7 %), and sandaracopimaradiene (11.4 %) were identified as major compounds. The second part aimed to assess the impact of the A. heterophylla EO and its three fractions for their insecticidal and repellent activity against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), a stored grain pest, of which a strong repellent activity was noted. In addition, the studied samples showed high phytotoxic effects against Lactuca sativa. The third fraction (R3) performed a total inhibitory potential on seed germination and seedling growth of the target plant. Furthermore, alongside this discovery, an estimation was conducted through molecular docking analysis. Wherein the main compounds of the studied samples were docked into the active pocket of protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PDB: 1SEZ), a key enzyme in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Thus, it is recommended to use the REO of A. heterophylla as a natural herbicide.
Non‐Oxidative Conversion of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether, Methyl Formate and Dimethoxymethane over Cu/Hβ Catalyst: Tailoring Product Selectivity
Authors: Simitsis Natalia , Mebrahtu Chalachew , Palkovits Regina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHerein, we present the production of either dimethyl ether (DME), methyl formate (MF) or dimethoxymethane (DMM), representing pivotal molecules for the green transformation of fuels and chemical industry, by the non‐oxidative gas‐phase conversion of methanol under the same reaction conditions. The product selectivity is optimized by tailoring the acidic and dehydrogenative sites of the bifunctional Cu/Hβ catalyst system by varying the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the Hβ zeolite (25 and 520) and the Cu loading (0.5 and 20 wt %). At 240 °C, >99 % (DME), 74.5 % (MF), and 77.3 % (DMM) selectivity is achieved with the respective catalysts 0.5 %Cu/Hβ(25), 20 %Cu/Hβ(520), and 0.5 %Cu/Hβ(520). High acidic site concentration catalyzes DME formation, while the presence of Cu+ species is crucial for DMM formation, and Cu0 species mainly catalyze MF formation. A highly dynamic reaction behaviour is observed, when the dehydrogenative functionality is dominant (i. e., in the production of MF or DMM), presumably due to the dynamic nature of the Cu oxidation state, which is in turn influenced by possible by‐products (H2 and H2O). While the catalytic activity in DME synthesis over 0.5 %Cu/Hβ(25) is remarkably stable over 1500 min TOS, the activity in MF and DMM production over 20 %Cu/Hβ(520) and 0.5 %Cu/Hβ(520), respectively, can be successfully regenerated.
Biocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of cenobamate, an antiepileptic drug
Authors: Haritha Vennapusa , Deepthi Pulivarthi , Gundamalla Rachel , Nagesh Kommu , Satyanarayana Suggala V. , Rao Adari Bhaskar , Balasubramanian Sridhar , Reddy Basireddy Venkata Subba 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA green and efficient process for the synthesis of cenobamate has been accomplished in 70% yield and >99% ee through the bio‐reduction of β‐ketotetrazole using Daucus carota whole plant cells. The corresponding β‐hydroxytetrazole was isolated in 60% yield and >98% ee. This is the first report on the biocatalytic reduction of β‐ketotetrazole using plant enzymes derived from D. carota root cells with excellent enantioselectivity.
Lc‐Stream: An elastic scheduling strategy with latency constraints in geo‐distributed stream computing environments
Authors: Sun Dawei , Wang Yueru , Sui Jialiang , Gao Shang , Rong Jia , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAn effective scheduling strategy is critical for achieving better performance in real‐time stream processing systems. How to quickly and efficiently process real‐time data stream is always challenging, especially when clusters are collaborating in a Geo‐Distributed computing environment. To address these challenges, we propose an elastic scheduling strategy with Latency Constraints in Geo‐Distributed stream computing environments called Lc‐Stream. This article discusses our work from the following aspects: (1) An optimized data stream redirection method that is proposed based on queuing network algorithm, along with a computing resource model, a latency constrained scheduling model and a communication energy consumption model. (2) An updated node selection method based on the inter‐layer task correlation, to reduce the communication latency between groups at the executor granularity. (3) A network cluster distribution for Geo‐Distributed computing environment to ensure energy saving under low transmission latency. Experimental results show that compared to R‐Storm, Lc‐Stream reduces total latency by over 19% and increases throughput by over 37% in typical cross‐domain multi‐task topologies. Compared to Ts‐Stream, Lc‐Stream also reduces total latency by over 15% and increases throughput by over 21%. At the same time, it helps to balance the load among the systems and avoid overuse of compute nodes.
Fluorochrome‐dependent specific changes in spectral profiles using different compensation beads or primary cells in full spectrum cytometry
Authors: Shevchenko Yaroslava , Lurje Isabella , Tacke Frank , Hammerich Linda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFull spectrum flow cytometry is a powerful tool for immune monitoring on a single‐cell level and with currently available machines, panels of 40 or more markers per sample are possible. However, with an increased panel size, spectral unmixing issues arise, and appropriate single stain reference controls are required for accurate experimental results and to avoid unmixing errors. In contrast to conventional flow cytometry, full spectrum flow cytometry takes into account even minor differences in spectral signatures and requires the full spectrum of each fluorochrome to be identical in the reference control and the fully stained sample to ensure accurate and reliable results. In general, using the cells of interest is considered optimal, but certain markers may not be expressed at sufficient levels to generate a reliable positive control. In this case, compensation beads show some significant advantages as they bind a consistent amount of antibody independent of its specificity. In this study, we evaluated two types of manufactured compensation beads for use as reference controls for 30 of the most commonly used and commercially available fluorochromes in full spectrum cytometry and compared them to human and murine primary leukocytes. While most fluorochromes show the same spectral profile on beads and cells, we demonstrate that specific fluorochromes show a significantly different spectral profile depending on which type of compensation beads is used, and some fluorochromes should be used on cells exclusively. Here, we provide a list of important considerations when selecting optimal reference controls for full spectrum flow cytometry.
Opportunities to increase soil carbon sequestration in grazing lands in the southeastern United States
Authors: Silveira Maria L. , Rodrigues da Cruz Priscila Junia , Vendramini Joao Mauricio Bueno , Boughton Elizabeth , Bracho Rosvel , da Silva Cardoso Abmael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundGrazing lands provide numerous ecosystem services, including the capacity to store large amounts of soil carbon (C); however, our understanding of the factors affecting soil C responses to management is inadequate.MethodsIn this paper, we synthesized information about the impacts of grazing land management on soil C within the southeastern region of the United States.ResultsMost studies (68%) demonstrated that proper management increased soil C stocks with an average C accumulation rate of 1.4 Mg C ha−1 year−1. The remaining (32%) studies showed no effect of management on soil C. None of the studies reported negative impacts of management on soil C. The largest increase in soil C (8 Mg C ha−1 year−1) was associated with the conversion of cropland to pastureland while overseeding legumes into grass pastures resulted in the lowest C sequestration rates (0.2 Mg C ha−1 year−1).ConclusionsConsidering the rates of soil C accretion and the extensive area occupied by grazing lands, data in this synthesis confirm that the adoption of improved management practices can increase soil C sequestration in the southeastern United States. In addition, because most improved management practices can also have co‐benefits, they may be favorable for forage and livestock production and other ecosystem services.
Explaining the personal cognitive factors affecting physical activity and nutritional behaviors in the middle‐aged at risk of coronary artery disease: A directed qualitative content analysis
Authors: Ezati Rad Roghayeh , Hosseini Zahra , Mohseni Shokrollah , Aghamolaei Teamur , Mohammadi Mohammad , Nikparvar Marzieh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cardiovascular disease worldwide. Nutrition and physical activity are recognized as the major lifestyle‐related behaviors to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases. It is essential to explain personal cognitive factors to identify potential ways to increase physical activity and improve nutritional behavior. Therefore, the present study aimed to explain the personal cognitive factors affecting physical activity and nutritional behavior in the middle‐aged population at risk of a CAD.MethodsThe present qualitative study was conducted with a directed content analysis approach. A purposive sampling was used with maximum variety of sex, age, education, marital status, job, and risk factors of CAD. The data were collected through semistructured interviews with 20 middle‐aged participants at the risk of CAD visiting comprehensive health centers in Bandar Abbas city. The interviews continued until data saturation.ResultsThe present findings led to the identification of 4 main categories (i.e., self‐efficacy, collective efficacy, outcome expectations, knowledge) and 10 subcategories.ConclusionIt seems that to increase the self‐efficacy, attention should be paid to individuals' past experiences, self‐efficacy of action and maintenance and successful middle‐aged peers. Measures should be taken to improve and strengthen it. Peer support, networking, forming online groups (in social networks), and a comprehensive use of social media can help increase collective efficacy. Expectations of positive and negative outcomes and the public knowledge can also be modified through accurate and appropriate information provided in different campaigns for awareness‐raising.
Risk factors and management of perinatal genital hematoma: A single, tertiary medical center retrospective study in China
Authors: Guo Xiaoyue , Wu Yudan , Shao Hui , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe goal of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with puerperal genital hematoma (PGHA) and analyze the management strategies employed and the resulting maternal outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study examined the pregnant women delivering vaginally with PGHA in Peking University Third Hospital during January 2002 to December 2021. Exploratory data analysis was performed to assess mean, standard deviation (SD), frequency, percentage and percentiles. Independent‐samples t‐test was performed for continuous variables. Chi‐squared test was performed to compare categorical data.ResultsA total of 47 women with PGHA were included, and 94 matched controls were enrolled during the same study period. Compared with the control group, labor induction (34.0% vs. 9.6%, P = 0.000) and episiotomy (66.0% vs. 31.9%, P = 0.000) were more frequently performed in PGHA cases. There was a significantly higher incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (53.2% vs. 6.4%, P = 0.000) in PGHA patients than in controls. Compared with the patients with <5 cm hematoma, the proportion of prenatal anemia (25.8% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.027) and the incidence of PPH (67.7% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.005) were significantly higher in patients with ≥5 cm hematoma. In comparison, the active period was significantly shorter (3.1 ± 1.9 vs. 5.1 ± 3.0, P = 0.031) in patients with ≥5 cm hematoma. There were significant differences in perineal pain and swelling (31.3% vs. 67.7%, P = 0.017), vulva hematoma (93.8% vs. 48.4%, P = 0.002) and surgical treatment (62.5% vs. 96.8%, P = 0.002). Nearly half of the patients in the ≥5 cm group underwent secondary suture (41.9% vs. 6.3%, P = 0.011). In patients with PGHA detected after more than 2 h, the body mass index was substantially higher (24.5 ± 4.3 vs. 21.4 ± 2.7, P = 0.011), and the weight gain during pregnancy (14.1 ± 4.3 vs. 11.4 ± 3.5, P = 0.021) was significantly lower. Compared with the patients in PGHA without PPH, age (31.7 ± 4.4 vs. 29.4 ± 2.6, P = 0.033) and newborn birth weight (3367 ± 390 g vs. 3110 ± 419 g, P = 0.045) were considerably higher in PGHA cases with PPH, and the platelet count ([182 ± 44] × 109/L vs. [219 ± 51] × 109/L, P = 0.015) was significantly lower.ConclusionsPregnant women who underwent labor induction and episiotomy had a higher incidence of PGHA. The PGHA‐related PPH rate is significantly increased. Active surgical treatment is recommended for patients with ≥5 cm hematoma.
The restoration of hippocampal nerve de‐myelination by methylcobalamin relates with the enzymatic regulation of homocysteine level in a rat model of moderate grade hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Roy Anima , Trigun Surendra Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article describes how methylcobalamin (MeCbl) restores nerve myelination in a moderate‐ grade hepatic encephalopathy (MoHE) model of ammonia neurotoxicity. The comparative profiles of myelin basic protein (MBP), homocysteine (Hcy) and methionine synthase (MS: a MeCbl‐ dependent enzyme) activity versus nerve myelination status were studied in the hippocampus of the control, the MoHE (developed by administering 100 mg/kg bw thioacetamide i.p. for 10 days) and the MoHE rats treated with MeCbl (500 µg/kg BW i.p.) for 7 days. Compared to those of control rats, the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions of the MoHE rats showed significantly lower myelinated areas and MBP immunostaining. This coincided with the deranged myelin layering in TEM images, decreased MBP protein and its transcript levels in hippocampus of MoHE rats. However, all these parameters recovered to normal levels after MeCbl treatment. MeCbl is a cofactor of MS that catalyzes the conversion of Hcy to methionine as a feeder step of methylation reactions. We observed significantly increased serum and hippocampal Hcy levels in MoHE rats, however, these levels were restored to control values with a concordant activation of MS due to MeCbl treatment. A significant recovery in neurobehavioral impairments in the MoHE rats due to MeCbl treatment was also observed. These findings suggest that MoHE pathogenesis is associated with deranged nerve myelination in the hippocampus and that MeCbl treatment is able to restore it mainly by activating MS, a MeCbl‐dependent Hcy‐metabolizing enzyme.
Working through the body in metacognitive interpersonal therapy to change relational patterns in dependent personality disorder: The case of Lia
Authors: Passarella Tiziana , Galasso Vittoria , Dimaggio Giancarlo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPersons with dependent personality disorder (DPD) have difficulties describing their inner world, and in realizing their negative ideas about the self, such as being weak, unworthy or powerless are just ideas. As a consequence, they tend to over‐rely on others and may lose control over their emotions. Treating these persons can gain benefits from including body‐focused techniques as they can promote a) awareness of internal states, b) better emotion regulation, c) the capacity to consider their negative ideas about themselves as not necessarily true, and d) gain power of and agency. We will describe the therapist used body‐focused techniques in the context of Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy when treating Lia, a 40‐year‐old woman suffering from DPD who also suffered from generalized anxiety disorder and had difficulties in making autonomous choices. She had a romantic relationship with a man she described as distant and judgmental so she felt lonely and not entitled to express her discomfort or capable to break up. The therapist used body‐focused techniques, together with behavioural exposure, mindfulness and guided imagery, to let Lia be more aware of her thoughts and feelings, and then to regulate affects and realize she had previously capacities. At therapy termination anxiety diminished and she could break up with the partner and start a new one where she felt free to express herself. We suggest how bodily‐focused techniques can be used to enhance therapy effectiveness in DPD.
Non‐liver‐related mortality in the DAA era: Insights from post‐SVR patients with and without previous HCC history
Authors: Miuma Satoshi , Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Ichikawa Tatsuki , Matsuzaki Toshihisa , Goto Takashi , Kamo Yasuhiro , Shigeno Masaya , Hino Naoyuki , Ario Keisuke , Yanagi Kenji , Tsutsumi Takuya , Fukushima Nobuyoshi , Nakashiki Suguru , Yamasaki Kazufumi , Hamasaki Keisuke , Shibata Hidetaka , Arima Kazuhiko , Yamamichi Shinobu , Yamashima Mio , Takahashi Kosuke , Nakao Yasuhiko , Fukushima Masanori , Haraguchi Masafumi , Sasaki Ryu , Ozawa Eisuke , Taura Naota , Nakao Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMortality after sustained virological response (SVR) with interferon‐free direct‐acting antiviral (IFN‐free DAA) therapy is crucial for optimizing post‐SVR patient care, but it remains unclear, especially regarding non‐liver‐related mortality.MethodsConsecutive post‐SVR patients from 14 institutions were stratified into three cohorts: A (without advanced fibrosis and without prior HCC), B (with advanced fibrosis and without prior HCC), and C (curative HCC treatment). We assessed mortality (per 1000 person‐years [/1000PY]) post‐SVR. Mortality rates were compared between cohorts A and B and the general population using age‐ and sex‐adjusted standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Comparison of survival between each cohort was performed using propensity‐score (PS) matching with sex, age, and comorbidity.ResultsIn cohort A (n = 762; median age, 65 years), 22 patients died (median follow‐up, 36 months); all‐cause mortality was 10.0/1000PY, with 86.4% non‐liver‐related deaths. In cohort B (n = 519; median age, 73 years), 27 patients died (median follow‐up, 39 months); all‐cause mortality was 16.7/1000PY, with 88.9% non‐liver‐related deaths. In both cohorts, malignant neoplasm was the most common cause of death; all‐cause mortality was comparable to that of the general population (SMR: 0.96 and 0.92). In cohort C (n = 108; median age, 75 years), 15 patients died (median follow‐up, 51 months); all‐cause mortality was 36.0/1000PY, with 53.3% liver‐related deaths. PS matching showed no significant survival differences between cohorts A and B, both of which had better survival than cohort C.ConclusionsMortality varies based on HCC history in the DAA era; nevertheless, attention should be paid to non‐liver‐related deaths in all post‐SVR patients.