bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Color Influence of Dust in Air Pollutants on architectural painting: A Case of archery tower at the West Gate in Shaanxi, China
Authors: Wang Juanli , Cao Ming , Fu Peng , Dong Wenqiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

At present, under the influence of environmental pollution, the color of architectural painting gradually darkens, loses luster, and even cracks and falls off the pigment layer, which seriously affects the long-term preservation of architecture painting. In order to study the damage mechanism of dust particles to the color of the architectural painting, this study took archery tower at the West Gate as the research object, monitored the temperature and humidity of the indoor environment, and analyzed the composition of the dust by ICP-MS, IC, XRD. The experimental results show that the indoor humidity changes significantly in inner archery Tower at the West Gate during the monitoring period from January to March, which is not conducive to the preservation of wood color paintings. A 24-h average PM2.5 and PM10 concentration seriously is beyond the National Ambient Air Quality Standard norms, and PM contains a large amount of soluble salts such as sulfate and nitrate, causing serious salt erosion and damage to the color painting layer. Through the simulation experiment of color painting, it is revealed that the dust particles deposited on the surface of color painting change the spectral characteristics of the pigment layer, and then cause the color of color painting to be losing its original hue, fading, becoming blurred or darkening. It was anticipated that this research would serve as a valuable reference for the preventive protection of the color painting of archery tower at West Gate.
Urban greenspace types and climate factors jointly drive the microbial community structure and co-occurrence network
Authors: Wang Huan , Feng Yilong , Zhang Qiaoyong , Zou Min , Li Ting , Ai Lijiao , Wang Haiyang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The benefits of urban green space (UGS) for society are widely recognized, as a direct link between plant-microbe interactions and the maintenance of biodiversity, community stability, and ecosystem functioning. There is, however, a lack of knowledge about the factors influencing the microbial communities in urban green spaces, especially those related to phyllosphere epiphytes and stem epiphytes. In this study, we analyzed the microbial community assembly in leaf and stem bark samples collected from Square, Road, Campus, and Park. The α-diversity was higher in the bark epiphytic community, compared to the phyllosphere. Moreover, the types of urban greenspaces altered the way communities gathered. The main factors of the urban greenhouse (soil and air properties) were shaping the characteristics of bacterial communities on the leaf surface and bark epiphytic. In the co-occurrence network analysis, keystone taxa were not mostly observed in abundant species, which may be necessary to maintain ecosystem functions. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the ecological dynamics and microbial interactions within plant phyllosphere and stem epiphytes microbiomes.
Relationship Between Lifestyle Factors and Physical Fitness Among Elderly Korean Women with Sarcopenia: A Cohort Study
Authors: Sung Jun-Young , Kim Jiyoun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Approximately 20% of the population aged 65 years has sarcopenia, a major disease caused by aging. Previous studies have analyzed the prevalence and status of sarcopenia, as well as the frequencies and interaction effects among associated variables. This study aimed to identify the complex interactions between daily life-related factors, diagnostic factors, and physical strength factors as they relate to sarcopenia.
Methods
The study included 512 female participants aged 60–100 years from Incheon, Republic of Korea, who were recruited from 12 institutions. Participants engaged with the study for > 3 months. Additionally, questionnaires based on demographic traits, body composition, and fitness indicators were administered. The statistical significance threshold was established as p < 0.05.
Results
Hierarchical regression analysis of the characteristic factors affecting sarcopenia showed that individual characteristics affected sarcopenia (Model 1: R2, 0.391; p < 0.001; Model 2: R2, 0.427; p < 0.001). Hierarchical regression analysis of diagnostic and fitness factors affecting sarcopenia also showed an effect on sarcopenia (Model 1: R2, 0.318; p < 0.001; Model 2:R2, 0.419; p < 0.001; Model 3: R2, 0.664; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study contributes to the general sarcopenia knowledge base. Additionally, by contributing to sarcopenia prevention and the prediction of associated chronic diseases, our findings may ultimately improve the quality of life in this demographic. It also contributes to the construction of a community health care system, thereby improving the quality of life of individuals aged 65 and above.
Statistical Optimization of Operational Parameters on Congo Red Adsorption Using Upscaled Polystyrene
Authors: Regi Thankam , Selvam Arun Karthick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Plastic pollution, particularly from non-biodegradable materials like polystyrene waste, remains a significant environmental concern. Additionally, water contamination with toxic dyes poses a grave threat to nature. To address these issues, waste polystyrene (thermocol) was chemically modified to create an effective dye adsorbent capable of removing harmful Congo Red (CR) dye from water-based media. Utilizing Box Behnken Design-Response Surface methodology (BBD-RSM), adsorption parameters such as adsorbent dose, pH, and contact duration were optimized. Remarkably high levels of adsorption were achieved under the following conditions: adsorbent dosage (0.02 g), pH (4), and contact duration (120 min), resulting in a removal efficiency of 98.9%. The pseudo-second-order model best described adsorption kinetics, and Langmuir isotherm analysis indicated a maximum adsorption capacity of 189.2 mg/g, with thermodynamic experiments confirming the endothermic nature of adsorption. Possible adsorption mechanisms for CR dye on adsorbent were suggested from the characterization results. To minimize solid waste from the CR-loaded adsorbent, it was processed with commercial Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) through extrusion, yielding 3D printing filaments. Remarkably, these filaments maintained tensile strength and exhibited no dye leaching in aqueous environments. The synthesized adsorbent is effective in removing toxic dyes from water and offers a potential solution for managing Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) solid waste. This research contributes to sustainable practices by recovering waste materials and presents a promising approach for environmental remediation.
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction after radiation therapy for breast cancer: results from the BACCARAT cohort study
Authors: Honaryar MK , Locquet M , Allodji RS , Jimenez G , Pinel B , Lairez O , Panh L , Camilleri J , Broggio D , Ferrières J , De Vathaire F , JACOB S 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer (BC) can result in subtle cardiac dysfunction that can occur early after treatment. In 2022, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published the first guidelines in cardio-oncology with a harmonized definition of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate CTRCD occurrence over 24 months of follow-up after RT in BC patients and to analyze the association with cardiac radiation exposure.
Methods: The prospective monocentric BACCARAT study included BC patients treated with RT without chemotherapy, aged 40–75 years, with conventional and 2D Speckle tracking echocardiography performed before RT, 6 and 24 months after RT. Based on ESC cardio-oncology guidelines, CTRCD and corresponding severity were defined with left ventricle ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain decrease, occurring at 6 or 24 months after RT. Dosimetry for whole heart, left ventricle (LV) and left coronary artery (left anterior descending and circumflex arteries (CX)) was considered to evaluate the association with CTRCD, based on logistic regressions (Odds Ratio – OR and 95% confidence interval – 95%CI). Youden index based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to identify the optimal threshold of dose-volume parameters for predicting CTRCD.
Results: The study included 72 BC patients with a mean age of 58± 8.2 years. A total of 32 (44%) patients developed CTRCD during follow-up: 20 (28%) mild CTRCD, 7 (9%) moderate CTRCD, and 5 (7%) severe CTRCD. Cardiac radiation doses were generally higher among patients with CTRCD rather than non-CTRCD. Dose-response relationships were significant for mean CX dose (OR=2.48, 95%CI (1.12-5.51), p=0.02) and marginally significant for V2 of LV (OR =1.03 95%CI (1.00-1.06), p=0.05). V2 of LV ≥ 36% and mean CX dose ≥ 1.40 Gy thresholds were determined to be optimal for predicting CTRCD.
Conclusion: For BC patients treated with RT without chemotherapy, CTRCD can be observed in an important proportion of the population over 24 months after treatment. Left ventricle and circumflex coronary artery exposure were found to be associated with CTRCD and could be used for the prediction of such cardiotoxicity. Further research remains needed to confirm these results.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier- NCT02605512
Milk Adulteration Testing and Analysis (MATA) kit for rapid detection of cow milk adulterated with urea and glucose at low cost
Authors: Bharwani Harsha , Kapur Late Suman , Palani Sankar Ganesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Elevated levels of urea cause kidney and liver function problems, while elevated glucose has been the cause of raising the risk of diabetes in humans. These reasons determine that urea and glucose are of considerable interest in clinical analysis, agro-food chemistry, the dairy industry, and environmental monitoring. ProTox–III software was used to predict urea and glucose toxicity in humans. The colorimetric kit and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used for preliminary detection and confirmation of urea and glucose in cow milk. The outcome of this study was the development of a point-of-care MATA kit for urea and glucose detection in cow milk. To make the kit, the enzyme immobilization technique was used to coat urease and glucose oxidase-peroxidase enzymes on individual 8 well-polystyrene strips. The biochemical methods of Berthelot assay and Glucose oxidase-peroxidase assay were used to detect urea and glucose, respectively. The toxicity prediction results revealed that urea had an LD50 value of 6350 mg/kg and 23000 mg/kg for glucose. The colorimetric kit helped understand the presence of urea and glucose by change of color in the samples, and the developed MATA kit could detect 1.5 µg of urea and 3 µg of glucose from the cow milk. The shelf life of the urea kit was ~ 30 days, with 15 times the reusability of a single well, whereas that for the glucose kit was ~ 15 days, with the reusability of each well up to 7 times. The overall detection efficiency of the MATA kit was 85–90%.
Prevalence of unused medicines and determinants among the general public in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Geremew Sefefe , Ayenew Wondim , Teshome Dawit , Mesele Bruck 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Accumulation, improper storage, and disposal of unused medicines at the household level have become a growing public health, environmental and economic concern. However, the magnitude, reasons, and disposal practices of the problems are not well studied in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of unused medicines in household levels in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data in Addis Ababa from April to May 2021. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and structured observation checklist. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the associated factors of unused medicines. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.
Results
A total of 759 households found in the Gulele and Lideta sub-cities were surveyed, of which, unused medicines were found in 61%. Anti-pains (30%) and anti-microbials (29%) were the most common classes of unused medicines found. The main reasons for the presence of unused medicine were saving for future use (35.8%) and ‘relief or disappearance of symptoms (23.8%). The majority of households (69.2%) used household garbage for the disposal of their unused medicines. A multivariable logistic regression analysis identified households who paid out-of-pocket for their medicine (AOR;2.34(1.83–3.84); P = 0.025), had lower level of income (AOR = 1.7(1.51–2.33); P = 0.007), lower level of education (AOR = 2.6(1.58–2.930, P = 0.001) and a long period of prescription (AOR = 1.5(1.82–2.40); P = 0.023) within a single visit were determinants for having unused medicines.
Conclusions
There was a high prevalence of unused medicine in households of Addis Ababa and high levels of improper disposal. Education about the dangers of keeping unused medicines at home and inappropriate disposal should be given to the community, to mitigate the health and environmental-related risks of these medicines. Policy and guidelines should be set for managing it with the concerned bodies.
A composite index for distinguishing benign and malignant obstructive jaundice
Authors: Li Jixue , Peng Hao , Zhou Xiaoru , Nong Zhewen , Zhang Ruiying , Lu Pei , Ye Shasha , Lei Liping , Qin Chuan , Li Jiangfa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore a more effective and practical comprehensive index for differentiating benign from malignant obstructive jaundice by analyzing the clinical data of patients with benign obstructive jaundice (BJ) group and malignant obstructive jaundice (MJ ) group.
Method
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 339 patients with obstructive jaundice. The cases were divided into two data sets: training cohort and validation cohort. The cases were divided into two groups: malignant and benign obstructive jaundice group.Logistic regression analysis was used to build a prediction model for judging the nature of obstructive jaundice, and the prediction model was verified using the validation cohort.
Result
Multivariate analysis revealed that CEA, TBIL, and NLR were independent factors in malignant obstructive jaundice. A comprehensive index for differentiating benign from malignant obstructive jaundice was established based on these indicators. The sensitivity, specificity, and ROC of this model for differentiating benign from malignant obstructive jaundice were 79.57%, 93.26%, and 0.920, respectively.
Conclusion
The prediction model based on the comprehensive index of CEA, TBIL, and NLR has a higher accuracy in differentiating malignant obstructive jaundice.
Assessment of Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Groundwater Quality at Khordha District, India
Authors: Biswakalyani Chinmayee , Samantaray Sandeep , Satpathy Debaprakash 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Groundwater is the major basis for drinking in various parts of our country. However, it gets contaminated by the toxic materials found in rocks, because of which it becomes unfit for various domestic and irrigation purposes. In present study, the groundwater quality and its availability for various purposes were examined by the parameters such as temperature, salinity, calcium hardness, fluoride, and phosphate during the post monsoon season of 2022 and pre monsoon season of 2023 from 49 sampling locations. The above mentioned parameters were used for assessing appropriateness of groundwater for irrigation and domestic purposes by comparing them with the Bureau of Indian standards (BIS). The results revealed that groundwater shows wide variations among various parameters between two seasons during 2022-23. Obtained results show that water used for potable purposes by people in various parts of study area doesn’t meet necessary standards. In some of the sampling locations, it is found that the water exhibits very poor quality or unfit maybe for one season or both seasons. Analysis of parameters is done for calculating correlation coefficient of specified parameters. Strong linear relationships, both positive and negative, were found between several pairs of water quality measures according to their research.
A Multivariate Statistical Analysis of Water Quality and Health Risk Assessment in Estie Denisa Spring and Wanka River, Ethiopia
Authors: Meke Maru , Tibebe Dessie , Desalew Abebe , Mulugeta Marye , Kokeb Addis , Amare Agmas , Kassa Yezbie , Fentie Tarekegn , Legesse Mulugeta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive assessment of water quality in Estie Densa Spring and Wanka River in Ethiopia through the application of multivariate statistical methods. Water quality is a critical environmental parameter, and understanding its variations is essential for sustainable resource management. The research involves the collection of water samples from Estie Densa Spring and Wanka River, followed by the analysis of various physicochemical, nutrients and heavy metals parameters. Multivariate statistical methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analyses, are employed to discern patterns and relationships within the dataset. Physicochemical parameters were measured using a multimeter and nutrients were measured using a portable photometer 7100 whereas heavy metals were determined by FAAS, after wet acid digestion. From the result, the range of physicochemical parameters and nutrients found in water samples were pH (6.4-8.1), EC (9.9-90 μS/cm), TDS (4.8-44.8 mg/L), Turbidity (4-315 NTU), Total alkalinity (1600 - 6800 mg/L), Temperature (21.3-28.6 ℃), Chlorine (35.6-213 mg/L), Phosphate (0.14-0.7 mg/L), Sulphate (1-4.25 mg/L), Ammonia (0.23-0.595 mg/L), Nitrate (1.2-11.8 mg/L) and Nitrite (0.015-0.139 mg/L). Among these parameters, only the level of turbidity was above the permissible limit. The levels of heavy metals (mg/L) in water samples were Cr (0.005-0.010), Mn (0.007-0.020), Ni (0.030-0.073), Fe (0.5- 0.71), Pb (0.005-0.006) and Cd (0.004-0.011). The levels of Fe and Cd, were higher than the permissible limit of WHO for drinking water which might have a risk for the consumers. The cumulative carcinogenicity risks of trace elements in the spring and river drinking water for adults and children were in the range of (9.2 ×10-3 - 2.52×10-2). which were above the acceptable monitored and controlled levels (1 × 10-4 – 1 × 10-6). Findings from this research contribute to the existing knowledge of water quality in the region, offering valuable information for decision-makers and environmental stakeholders. The application of multivariate statistical methods enhances the understanding of the interplay between various water quality parameters, facilitating more informed and targeted management strategies. Ultimately, this study serves as a basis for promoting sustainable water resource management practices in the context of Estie Densa Spring and Wanka River in Ethiopia.
Feasibility and acceptability of a web-intervention to prevent alcohol and cannabis-impaired driving among adolescents in driver education
Authors: Nameth Katherine , Ueland Elizabeth , D’Amico Elizabeth J. , Osilla Karen Chan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Adolescents increasingly view cannabis as a substance with limited harm. Their propensity to engage in risky driving, combined with their relative driving inexperience, places adolescents at heightened risk for harm resulting from impaired driving. Driver education provides an opportunity to help prevent and reduce these risks, yet few interventions address cannabis-impaired driving, especially impairment from simultaneous use of both cannabis and alcohol.
Methods
We adapted a single-session primary care brief intervention (CHAT) for driver education programs. First, we conducted two focus groups with adolescents aged 15–17 years (n = 6; n = 5) enrolled in driver education programs. Their feedback was integrated into a prototype of an online intervention called webCHAT that focuses on preventing alcohol and cannabis-impaired driving. Next, we recruited a new sample of adolescents who user tested webCHAT (n = 8) and provided qualitative and survey feedback. We analyzed qualitative data using classic content analysis and grouped themes according to the feasibility and acceptability of webCHAT.
Results
Participants suggested that webCHAT should have adolescent narrators in short, informal, and interactive videos. In satisfaction surveys (n = 8), 88% of participants would recommend webCHAT to a friend and 88% reported that they learned helpful skills regarding impaired driving. General acceptability was also reflected in interviews (n = 6; 100% would recommend the intervention to a friend, 100% indicated overall positive impressions, and 67% stated it was easy to use). Participants reported that it was helpful to learn about the negative effects of both cannabis and alcohol on driving behavior, voicing that webCHAT would help adolescents make more informed decisions.
Conclusions
Soliciting adolescent perspectives is critical when developing interventions targeting cannabis use because of increasingly permissive attitudes and perceptions of minimal risk associated with use. The current study highlights how feedback can help increase both the feasibility and acceptability of interventions.
Research on one-dimensional phase change heat transfer characteristics based on instrument compartment structure
Authors: Zhao Jiabin , Liu Longbin , Li Mingkun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

In addressing the shortcomings of conventional thermal management systems for aircraft instrument compartments, including high mass, large volume occupation, poor reusability, and high costs, this paper focuses on the instrument bay structure. It proposes a design scheme for an instrument compartment structure based on phase change materials, leveraging the heat transfer characteristics of these materials. On this foundation, a one-dimensional phase change heat transfer theoretical model is constructed, and the phase change heat transfer equation is solved using the Green's function method. Through comprehensive research and analysis of the one-dimensional phase change heat transfer mechanism, the thermal laws of phase change heat transfer are revealed. To validate the accuracy of the theoretical models and explore the temperature variation patterns within the instrument cabin structure, this paper carries out a thermal experiment on the instrument compartment structure. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to an instrument compartment structure composed entirely of aluminum alloy, an instrument compartment structure filled with phase change materials can more effectively reduce the temperature of the structure itself. Additionally, the numerical calculations obtained from the devised one-dimensional phase change heat transfer model demonstrate a commendable agreement with the experimental data, thereby affirming the accuracy of the theoretical model.