bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routineness of Social Interactions Is Associated With Higher Affective Well-Being in Older Adults
Authors: Luo Minxia , Yordanova Kristina , Macdonald Birthe , Hülür Gizem 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Some research conceptualizes routineness of daily life as an indicator of cognitive vulnerability that would lead to lower well-being in older age, whereas other research expects routineness to give rise to more meaning and stability in life and thus to higher well-being. Further research is needed to understand routineness in older adults in relation to cognitive abilities and well-being. This study examined routineness of social interactions.

Methods
We examined data from an event-contingent experience sampling study with 103 Swiss community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 to 84 years). Participants completed in-lab cognitive assessments (reasoning, episodic memory, speed, and vocabulary) and reported their well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction). For more than 21 days, participants reported the time and context of their social interactions (including modality, partner type, and location). Routineness of social interactions was defined as social interactions that occurred at the same time of day over the study period. It was calculated using recurrence quantification analysis.

Results
Linear regressions showed that higher routineness of social interaction in general, of social interaction through the same modality, and of social interaction with the same partner type were associated with higher positive affect. Higher routineness of social interaction in general was associated with lower negative affect. Routineness of social interactions was not associated with life satisfaction or cognitive abilities.

Discussion
A routine social life may increase older adults’ affective well-being. Results are discussed in the context of activity engagement and time use in older age.
Nphos: Database and Predictor of Protein N-phosphorylation
Authors: Zhao Ming-Xiao , Ding Ruo-Fan , Chen Qiang , Meng Junhua , Li Fulai , Fu Songsen , Huang Biling , Liu Yan , Ji Zhi-Liang , Zhao Yufen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Protein N-phosphorylation is widely present in nature and participates in various biological processes. However, current knowledge on N-phosphorylation is extremely limited compared to that on O-phosphorylation. In this study, we collected 11,710 experimentally verified N-phosphosites of 7344 proteins from 39 species and subsequently constructed the database Nphos to share up-to-date information on protein N-phosphorylation. Upon these substantial data, we characterized the sequential and structural features of protein N-phosphorylation. Moreover, after comparing hundreds of learning models, we chose and optimized gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) models to predict three types of human N-phosphorylation, achieving mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 90.56%, 91.24%, and 92.01% for pHis, pLys, and pArg, respectively. Meanwhile, we discovered 488,825 distinct N-phosphosites in the human proteome. The models were also deployed in Nphos for interactive N-phosphosite prediction. In summary, this work provides new insights and points for both flexible and focused investigations of N-phosphorylation. It will also facilitate a deeper and more systematic understanding of protein N-phosphorylation modification by providing a data and technical foundation. Nphos is freely available at http://www.bio-add.org/Nphos/ and http://ppodd.org.cn/Nphos/.
Co-worker unprofessional behaviour and patient safety risks: an analysis of co-worker reports across eight Australian hospitals
Authors: McMullan Ryan D , Churruca Kate , Hibbert Peter , Li Ling , Ash Ruby , Urwin Rachel , Pavithra Antoinette , Westbrook Johanna I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A key component of professional accountability programmes is online reporting tools that allow hospital staff to report co-worker unprofessional behaviour. Few studies have analysed data from these systems to further understand the nature or impact of unprofessional behaviour amongst staff. Ethos is a whole-of-hospital professional accountability programme that includes an online messaging system. Ethos has now been implemented across multiple Australian hospitals. This study examined reported unprofessional behaviour that staff indicated created a risk to patient safety. This study included 1310 Ethos submissions reporting co-worker unprofessional behaviour between 2017 and 2020 across eight Australian hospitals. Submissions that indicated the behaviour increased the risk to patient safety were identified. Descriptive summary statistics were presented for reporters and subjects of submissions about unprofessional behaviour. Logistic regression was applied to examine the association between each unprofessional behaviour (of the six most frequently reported in the Ethos submissions) and patient safety risk reported in the submissions. The descriptions in the reports were reviewed and the patient safety risks were coded using a framework aligned with the World Health Organization’s International Classification for Patient Safety. Of 1310 submissions about unprofessional behaviour, 395 (30.2%) indicated that there was a risk to patient safety. Nurses made the highest number of submissions that included a patient safety risk [3.47 submissions per 100 nursing staff, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.09–3.9] compared to other professional groups. Medical professionals had the highest rate as subjects of submissions for unprofessional behaviour with a patient safety risk (5.19 submissions per 100 medical staff, 95% CI: 4.44–6.05). ‘Opinions being ignored’ (odds ratio: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.23–2.22; P &lt; .001) and ‘someone withholding information which affects work performance’ were behaviours strongly associated with patient safety risk in the submissions (odds ratio: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.73–3.62; P &lt; .001) compared to submissions without a patient safety risk. The two main types of risks to patient safety described were related to clinical process/procedure and clinical administration. Commonly reported events included staff not following policy or protocol; doctors refusing to review a patient; and interruptions and inadequate information during handover. Our findings indicate that unprofessional behaviour was associated with risks to patient safety. Co-worker reports about unprofessional behaviour have significant value as they can be used by organizations to better understand how unprofessional behaviour can disrupt work practices and lead to risks to patient safety.
Eastern National Forests: Managing for Nontimber Products
Authors: Chamberlain J.L. , Bush R.J. , Hammett A.L. , Araman P.A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Many products are harvested from the forests of the eastern United States that are not timber-based but originate from plant materials. Over the past decade, concern has grown about the sustainability of the forest resources from which these products originate, and an associated interest in managing for these products has materialized. A content analysis of the management plans of 32 eastern national forests revealed that seven of the plans addressed nontimber forest products (NTFP). We used interviews with USDA Forest Service district- and forest-level managers to convey their ideas about NTFP management and to identify critical issues that affect efforts to manage for these products.
Forest Management at Landscape Scales: Solving the Problems
Authors: Loehle C. , MacCracken J.G. , Runde D. , Hicks L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forest products companies undertake landscape planning to demonstrate the compatibility of forest management with ecological functions, to develop management systems that are more compatible with nonfinancial objectives, and to explore viable alternatives to restrictive regulations. Because of scientific and economic uncertainties, however, the overall planning problem has no computational solution. Three companies that developed management plans for Pacific Northwest landscapes found habitat conservation plans expensive and difficult to develop and implement, with unclear benefits. More effective landscape-level forest management will require (1) more research on species–habitat relationships and models, (2) research on the cost-effectiveness of silvicultural prescriptions for enhancing noncommercial resources, (3) a risk-based metric for computing tradeoffs among wildlife species and determining reasonable mitigation expenditures, and (4) a best-available-technology approach to formalize methods that produce predictable conservation results.
When Is a Forest Not a Forest?
Authors: Lund H.G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Numerous published and legitimate definitions of forest exist. Most can be grouped into three categories–those that describe administrative units, those that describe land cover, and those that mean a type of land use–and then there are some miscellaneous types. Definitions vary widely from country to country and even among US federal agencies, sometimes with legal and policy ramifications. Agreement on the meaning of such terms as forest and forestland is a logical first step in reaching agreement on natural resource problems. Threshold values–minimum area, strip width, canopy cover, and tree height–are especially important for identifying classes of land.
Seeing the Forest: Art About Forests and Forestry
Authors: Withrow-Robinson B. , Broussard S. , Simon-Brown V. , Engle M. , Reed A.S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forestry is a complex collage of related issues that the media and the public tend to oversimplify. Art provides a way for Extension foresters at Oregon State University to reach out and communicate with new audiences. At a traveling art show that features paintings, photography, and other art media, we introduce some science and policy issues and also hear from the public. We found that people appreciate and take advantage of opportunities to interact with us and tell us what they think. Through this project, we believe we increased viewers' awareness of forestry issues, challenged their beliefs and perspectives, and stimulated consideration of other points of view.
Inventory-Based Forest Health Indicators: Implications for National Forest Management
Authors: O'Laughlin J. , Cook P.S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Several forest health indicators that are derived from inventory data can be used to compare changes in stand conditions over a 50-year period and across ownerships and regions. National forests, most of which are in the West, are denser and have higher mortality than other forests. A continuation of today's high growth-to-removals ratio on national forest timberlands portends increased density and mortality, putting various ecological, environmental, economic, and social values at greater risk of severe wildfire than they are today. National forest managers could improve stand conditions by increasing removals, but public policies tend to inhibit active management of national forests.
Sustainable Forestry in Bolivia: Beyond Planned Logging
Authors: Fredericksen T.S. , Putz F.E. , Pattie P. , Pariona W. , Peña-Claros M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forestry in lowland Bolivia has taken great strides in the past few years, progressing from a virtual absence of management to a system of regulated management planning. Nearly 1 million hectares of natural forests are now certified by the Forest Stewardship Council. To ensure sustainable forest management, however, Bolivian foresters need to go beyond the basics of planned logging and apply silvicultural treatments to secure regeneration, improve tree growth, and maintain stand quality. This change is a tall order in a developing country battered by a deep economic recession, where timber-mining interests are still powerful and silviculturists are in short supply.
Wildland Fire in the Southeast: Negotiating Guidelines for Defensible Space
Authors: Monroe M.C. , Long A.J. , Marynowski S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wildland fire is becoming a concern for residents in many eastern states as fuel loads, weather patterns, and population growth increase risk at the wildland-urban interface. Some messages about reducing risk, however, are based on western wildfire information and are seen as inappropriate by wildland fire communicators in Florida. This case study describes the process of reaching agreement on landscape modifications that reduce the risk of wildland fire for interface residents in the Southeast. The melding of various perspectives through a negotiated process helped create a product that meets a need in this fire-prone state.
African-American Forestland Owners in Alabama's Black Belt
Authors: Gan J. , Kolison S.H. , Tackie N.O. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A survey in Alabama's Black Belt counties reveals that, like other nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) owners in the region, African-American forestland owners have diverse ownership objectives and occupations and represent the relatively financially well-off and better educated group in their communities. However, they have lower household incomes, hold their properties longer, and manage forestland less intensively than NIPF owners in general. The constraints they faced indicate a strong need to engage them in the stewardship of their forest resources, but such an effort calls for different landowner assistance programs and approaches.
Wood versus Water: Timber Plantations in Semiarid South Africa
Authors: Jacobson M.G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
South Africa, the largest industrial roundwood producer in Africa, is a water-scarce country. To ensure adequate water for all South Africans, the post-apartheid government has made a radical shift in water policy, under which timber plantations are now categorized as streamflow reduction activities requiring licenses and incurring water charges. At present the water charges are low and not directly affecting operations, but the new policy raises questions about water use efficiency of forestry land uses, particularly plantation forestry.
How, Thanks to a Decision Support System Called “Profiling,” a Forest Manager Saved His Forest But Lost His Job: A Fable
Authors: Lundquist J.E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Efficient and effective forest disease management relies on good research, yet forest managers are sometimes slow at adapting and implementing research discoveries. Meaningful research on management issues relies on an understanding of the difficulties of management, yet research discoveries often are remotely applicable to day-to-day management decisions. This communications gap may constrain the science and application of forest disease management. A fictional case study examines the incongruence between a new-economy manager and an old-economy corporate office when a decision support system called “profiling” is used to solve an ecological problem in an economic context. It illustrates the risks managers take when implementing new technologies–in this case, using information technology in a forest business when a root disease limits timber production. In the story that follows, our narrator is attending a guest lecture.
Preparing Tomorrow's Foresters: Embedding Professional Interactive Skills in a Technical Discipline
Authors: Thompson J.R. , Colletti J.P. , Jungst S.E. , Licklider B.L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In recent surveys, employers of forestry graduates have indicated that interpersonal skills as well as technical competencies are essential for long-term success in forestry. These employers find that many recent graduates fall short in their ability to work in teams, listen to and address public questions, and solve problems collaboratively. New classroom approaches that embed interactive skills within a disciplinary framework can assist students in developing those necessary social skills and at the same time enhance students' learning and retention of technical information. A six-course sequence for Iowa State University sophomores illustrates the concept of cooperative learning as an alternative to individual and competitive learning models. Instructors find that supervised practice of interactive skills in a classroom environment develops the professional competencies employers want.
Who Will Log? Occupational Choice and Prestige in New England's North Woods
Authors: Egan Andrew , Taggart Deryth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To explain the declining recruitment of workers in the logging industry in northern New England, we conducted a multiple-methods study of the logging workforce in the region. Our study found that, despite considerable familial attachment to logging, most loggers in the region would not encourage their sons or daughters to be loggers, and only half the loggers surveyed expected to be employed in logging five years hence. Although most loggers identified positive attributes of their work–such as being outdoors and having a sense of accomplishment–as reasons for becoming loggers, some said they logged because there were few alternatives or because they lacked the education for other employment. In addition, most loggers in the region felt that the general public held logging in low esteem. Results have implications for logging labor supply and labor recruitment efforts in a region heavily dependent on the forest products industry.
Fire Trends in Tropical Mexico: A Case Study of Chiapas
Authors: Román-Cuesta Rosa María , Retana Javier , Gracia Marc 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The vast majority of the world's fires today occur in tropical and subtropical areas. The problem of fire in these countries reflects increased human and climatic pressures, which provoke interactions between fire and the transformed landscapes. Chiapas, a tropical state in the Mexican Republic, maintains a fire dataset, and it has similarities with other tropical areas. This study represents a descriptive approach to the problem in Chiapas, where fire is recognized as a major disturbance that degrades habitats and reduces ecosystem services. To date there has been little information about fire trends and contributing factors, but both frequency and intensity of fires appear to increase in El Niño years and to vary with landownership.
The Evolving Nature of Small-Scale Foresty in Australia
Authors: Herbohn John L. , Harrison Stephen R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Two forms of small-scale forestry are developing in Australia, each with different impacts on rural communities. One is based on growing short-rotation Eucalyptus globulus (blue gum) for pulp and the other on production of higher-value products from longer-rotation native hardwoods. Several impediments exist to further development of small-scale forestry, including the lack of a small-scale forestry culture, concerns over harvest rights, lack of market development, the long wait for returns, and satisfaction with current land uses. Nevertheless, the rapid increase in farm woodlot establishment in the past five years has paralleled the strong increase in the private industrial plantation estate. As markets develop and hindrances are overcome, landholders not previously interested in small-scale forestry may consider it a worthwhile land use.
Spatial Aspects of Structural Complexity in Old-Growth Forests
Authors: Franklin Jerry F. , Van Pelt Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Old-growth forests typically have complex structures, including heterogeneous spatial arrangements as well as a diversity of individual structures. Two aspects of this spatial complexity are discussed and illustrated: (1) vertical distribution of foliage, often apparent as multiple layers; and (2) horizontal heterogeneity, often evident as canopy gaps and dense reproduction patches. Shifts in mortality processes from competitive-based mortality in young stands to agent-based mortality (i.e., insects, diseases, and wind) in older stands play an important part in the development of structural heterogeneity. Old temperate forests can be viewed as fine-scale structural mosaics in which all stand development processes are simultaneously present within the stand. An additional definition of forest stand that incorporates the entire structural mosaic of old-growth is needed.
Converting among Log Scaling Methods: Scribner, International, and Doyle versus Cubic
Authors: Spelter Henry 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sawlogs in the United States, whether scaled on the ground or cruised on the stump, have traditionally been measured in terms of their lumber yield. The three commonly used measurement rules generally underestimate true recoveries. Moreover, they do so inconsistently, complicating the comparisons of volumes obtained by different board foot rules as well as by the cubic rules used internationally. In particular, for smaller log diameters, the undercount of board foot volume by US log scales can rise sharply. As sizes available to sawmills have declined, the ratios between scaled and actual volumes have changed. Thus, the factors used to convert volumes from one system to another have become outdated. A transition to cubic would improve domestic log market transparency by reducing the worst inequities of board foot scales and making regional comparisons easier, and would create a level playing field internationally.
Would Forest Landowners Use Poultry Manure as Fertilizer?
Authors: Lynch Lori , Tjaden Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
When manure nutrients exceed local cropland's assimilative capacity, the potential for water quality problems exists. Concerns about water quality in Maryland have led to the passage of the Water Quality Improvement Act, which will affect the disposal of poultry litter on cropland. Because Maryland's forest soils test low for phosphorus, forest fertilization may be an alternative use for the litter. A representative sample of 402 Maryland landowners owning 40 or more acres was asked whether they would consider using poultry litter as a forest fertilizer under various incentives. When offered $20 per acre, landowners owning more acres, located in certain counties, and who were younger than the other survey respondents were most likely to consider using poultry litter. Landowners who had a forest management plan were less likely to be willing.
The Effect of the Wildland-Urban Interface on Prescribed Burning Costs in the Pacific Northwestern United States
Authors: Berry Alison H. , Hesseln Hayley 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The fire suppression policy on public lands during the last century in the United States has resulted in increased fuel loadings, necessitating the use of prescribed fire and mechanical treatments to decrease hazardous fuels and risks of catastrophic wildfire. While these practices are widespread, there is great variability in project costs, making planning difficult. Although previous studies have examined the factors that influence management costs, they have grappled with the lack of consistent and reliable data. We used the FASTRACS (Fuel Analysis, Smoke Tracking, and Report Access Computer System) database from the Pacific Northwest Region of the USDA Forest Service to identify important influences on fuels management costs. Projects conducted in the wildland-urban interface consistently exhibited higher treatment costs for both prescribed fire and mechanical fuels treatments.
Incentives and Timing of Prescribed Fire for Wildfire Risk Management
Authors: Yoder Jonathan , Blatner Keith 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Prescribed fire use for wildfire fuel reduction entails trading one risk for another. Because these risks change over time as vegetation matures, prescribed fire use for wildfire risk mitigation can be viewed as a timing problem. We examine economic incentives for prescribed fire timing and use on the wildland-urban interface, the problem of heavy initial fuel loads from years of suppression and fuel accumulation, and the effect of liability, public suppression, and other factors on fuel management incentives. We conclude with a number of broad policy recommendations.