bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mother adversity and co-residence time impact mother–child similarity in genome-wide and gene-specific methylation profiles
Authors: Labaut Lucía , Lage-Castellanos Agustín , Rodrigo María José , Herrero-Roldán Silvia , Mitchell Colter , Fisher Jonah , León Inmaculada 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of adverse life events on physical and psychological health, with DNA methylation (DNAm) as a critical underlying mechanism, have been extensively studied. However, the epigenetic resemblance between mother and child in the context of neglectful caregiving, and whether it may be shaped by the emotional impact of maternal stressful events and the duration of co-residence (indexed by child age), remains unknown. The present study examined mother–child similarity in methylation profiles, considering the potential effect of mother adversity, mother empathy, neglect-control group, child age (an index of years of mother–child co-residence), and mother age. Using Illumina Epic arrays, we quantified DNAm in 115 mother–child saliva samples. We obtained a methylation similarity index by computing correlation coefficients between methylation profiles within dyads, for the entire epigenome, and five specific genes related to stress and empathy: NR3C1, FKPB5, OXTR, SCL6A4, and BDNF.ResultsThe methylation profiles of the mother–child familial pairs significantly correlated as compared to mother–child random pairs for the entire epigenome and NR3C1, FKBP5, OXTR and BDNF genes. Next, multiple linear regression models observed associations of mother adversity, child age, and neglect-control group on mother–child methylation similarity, only significant in mother–child familial pairs, after correcting for multiple comparisons. Higher mother adversity was associated with lower mother–child methylation similarity for the epigenome-wide analysis, for the BDNF gene, and in the neglect-control group for the OXTR gene. In turn, being an older child (longer co-residence) was associated with higher mother–child methylation similarity.ConclusionsMother adversity and co-residence time are modulating factors in the intergenerational methylation process that offer a window into development-dependent adaptations that can be affected by both hereditary and environmental factors, significantly observed only in biological dyads. A twofold implication for child well-being emerges, one is positive in that children of mothers exposed to life adversity or neglect did not necessarily inherit their methylation patterns. The other is concerning due to the influence of time spent living together, which affects similarity with the mother and potentially increases the risk of inheriting an epigenetic profile associated with future dysfunctional parenting patterns. This underscores the importance of the 'the earlier, the better' recommendation by the Child Protection System, which is not always followed.
Abnormal levels of expression of microRNAs in peripheral blood of patients with traumatic brain injury are induced by microglial activation and correlated with severity of injury
Authors: Feng Shuo , Wu Zhangying , Zheng Xianping , Shao Zhiwei , Lin Qiang , Sun Shoutian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Microglia play a crucial role in regulating the progression of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In specific, microglia can self-activate and secrete various substances that exacerbate or alleviate the neuroimmune response to TBI. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the functional regulation of microglia. However, molecular markers that reflect the dynamics of TBI have not yet been found in peripheral tissues.

Methods
Paired samples of peripheral blood were collected from patients with TBI before and after treatment. Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to identify the main pathways and biological functions of TBI-related miRNAs in the samples. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide-treated human microglia were used to construct a cellular immune-activation model. This was combined with analysis of peripheral blood samples to screen for highly expressed miRNAs derived from activated microglia after TBI treatment. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression levels of these miRNAs, allowing their relationship with the severity of TBI to be examined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to analyse the clinical utility of these miRNAs for determining the extent of TBI.

Results
Sequencing results showed that 37 miRNAs were differentially expressed in peripheral blood samples from patients with TBI before and after treatment, with 17 miRNAs being upregulated and 20 miRNAs being downregulated after treatment. The expression profiles of these miRNAs were verified in microglial inflammation models and in the abovementioned peripheral blood samples. The results showed that hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-193b-3p were highly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with TBI after treatment and that the expression levels of these miRNAs were correlated with the patients’ scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale. ROC curve analysis revealed that abnormally high levels of expression of hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-193b-3p in peripheral blood have some clinical utility for distinguishing different extents of TBI and thus could serve as biomarkers of TBI.

Conclusion
Abnormally high levels of expression of hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-193b-3p in the peripheral blood of patients with TBI were due to the activation of microglia and correlated with the severity of TBI. This discovery may help to increase understanding of the molecular pathology of TBI and guide the development of new strategies for TBI therapy based on microglial function.
Hidden in plain sight: revisiting the synthesis, characterisation, degradation and the intricate relationship between Scheele’s green and Emerald green
Authors: Pantoja Munoz Leonardo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Carl Wilhelm Scheele's notorious toxic pigment, commonly referred to as “Scheele's green” often resulted in a mixture of products with unknown chemical composition. Positive identification of the pigment has been limited to Raman spectroscopy and indirect analysis using FTIR and XRD methods. Despite these techniques, reported occurrences of the pigment in heritage samples are scarce, suggesting that Scheele’s green is rarely reported due to challenges in its characterisation rather than infrequent use. Regarding the degradation of Cu-As green pigments, common assumptions suggest dissociation in acidic pH conditions, generating mobile arsenic and copper ions, followed by oxidation to As(V), which can co-precipitate with Fe, Al, and Ca ions. This study reproduces the fabrication of Scheele's green using historical recipes, focusing on maintaining the pH of the arsenite solution at 9.3. The research explores its relationship with Emerald green, the challenges associated with their identification, and addresses common misconceptions about the degradation of such pigments. Maintaining the pH at 9.3 proved influential in obtaining a crystalline product with an intense Raman signal, aligning with the widely accepted spectra of Scheele’s green. However, Raman spectra from amorphous Cu-As samples consistently exhibited broad bands at 288 and 845 cm−1, prompting a proposed modification for a dual representation of the pigment: the “common” form with broad bands and the “uncommon” or crystalline form as reported in the literature. Demonstrating that the crystalline form shares nearly identical Raman and FTIR spectra implies an identical chemical composition to Trippkeite. Evidence presented highlights that Cu-As based pigments contain free copper, arsenite and arsenate ions prone to migration, challenging commonly described degradation pathways. The hypothesis presented here, that Emerald green synthesis may inadvertently yield small amounts of Scheele’s green urges caution in pigment identification using Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the study reveals, for the first time, the occurrence of Scheele’s green in a book, with particles exhibiting a spherulite form, challenging identification of Emerald green solely based on morphology.
Emergent place-identity: place activation through the architectural restoration of a small Hakka household in the Hong Kong countryside
Authors: Ho Jimmy Tsz-wai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the cocreation of an emergent place-identity in a Hakka household in the Hong Kong countryside triggered by architectural restoration. Located in Kuk Po, a quintessential Hakka village that was established over 300 years ago, Yeung House was restored by the research team under a government-funded initiative to regenerate architectural values. Rebuilt in 1967, Yeung House has experienced decay and evolution over the years. It signifies the adaptive lifestyle of Hakka immigrants through its adapted siting, hybrid tectonics and modernised features. After restoration, Yeung House was repurposed into a base for education and research managed by the three house-owning villagers. Different activities were initiated by the villagers and coarranged by the research team. As a serendipitous outcome, the front yard of Yeung House has been activated into a multifunctional communal space. Subsequently, it is argued that a place-identity has emerged in Ng To and is influenced by the distinctiveness of the restored Yeung House and the continuity of the front yard. New meanings of the place have been created by the villagers through the practice of a potential, alternative lifestyle in the rural-urban parallel.
Clinical Characteristics of Adrenal Hemangioma
Authors: Zuo Yuzhi , Liang Zhen , Yang Shengmin , Pan Boju , Cheng Sihang , Zhou Zhien , Feng Tianrui , Yan Weigang , Wu Xingcheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Adrenal hemangioma (AH) is a rare, benign adrenal tumor often detected incidentally by imaging. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of AH, including clinical and diagnostic imaging features, to improve the recognition and understanding of AH.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients diagnosed with AH at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2008 and 2022. Clinical manifestations, adrenal hormone levels, imaging findings, treatment approaches, and pathological results were collected and analyzed.

Results
Of the 7140 adrenal tumor patients, 40 (0.56%) had AH confirmed postoperatively. The mean age at diagnosis was 53.9 years, with a female predominance. Most (70%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Misdiagnosis before surgery was common, most frequently as pheochromocytoma. Imaging characteristics, especially enhanced computed tomography, revealed distinct features based on tumor size. Surgery was the main treatment, with laparoscopic adrenalectomy preferred.

Conclusion
This study elucidates the clinical characteristics of AH, including demographics, diagnostic challenges, and imaging features. AH often presents incidentally and is frequently misdiagnosed preoperatively. Recognizing distinct imaging characteristics and appropriate surgical management can enable accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment.
Role of the dynamin-related protein 2 family and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Gnyliukh Nataliia , Johnson Alexander , Nagel Marie-Kristin , Monzer Aline , Babić David , Hlavata Annamaria , Alotaibi Saqer S. , Isono Erika , Loose Martin , Friml Jiří 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is vital for the regulation of plant growth and development through controlling plasma membrane protein composition and cargo uptake. CME relies on the precise recruitment of regulators for vesicle maturation and release. Homologues of components of mammalian vesicle scission are strong candidates to be part of the scission machinery in plants, but the precise roles of these proteins in this process are not fully understood. Here, we characterised the roles of the plant dynamin-related protein 2 (DRP2) family (hereafter DRP2s) and SH3-domain containing protein 2 (SH3P2), the plant homologue to recruiters of dynamins, such as endophilin and amphiphysin, in CME by combining high-resolution imaging of endocytic events in vivo and characterisation of the purified proteins in vitro. Although DRP2s and SH3P2 arrive similarly late during CME and physically interact, genetic analysis of the sh3p123 triple mutant and complementation assays with non-SH3P2-interacting DRP2 variants suggest that SH3P2 does not directly recruit DRP2s to the site of endocytosis. These observations imply that, despite the presence of many well-conserved endocytic components, plants have acquired a distinct mechanism for CME.
Development of Drainage Tools for Facilitating the Creation of Topologically-Sound, Unidirectional Flow Tile Networks
Authors: Falasy Anamelechi , Cooke Richard Andrew 
Published: March 2024

HighlightsNew publicly accessible drainage design QGIS plugins were developed.These tools were successfully used to create topologically-sound subsurface drainage layout networks.The tools are easy to use and reduce the level of expertise required to prepare drainage networks that can be successfully sized and buried.Abstract. An important step in designing a drainage system is laying out the network. Successful installation and sizing of the system require that the network be topologically sound and unidirectional. Online digitization of drainage systems does not always result in networks that meet these criteria. Tile lines may not be consistently digitized from upstream to downstream, and there may be disconnected segments, dangles, and overshoots. We have developed a set of open-source tools (plugins) in QGIS that convert a series of laterals and mains digitized on a map into a topologically-sound drainage network to facilitate both burying and sizing the drainage lines. Steps include reversing node numbering, if necessary, to ensure that tile nodes are numbered from upstream to downstream, connecting the ends of tile lines that are within a certain tolerance of each other, correcting overshoots, and setting an order for burying or calculating cumulative flow in line segments. An application example is presented using a proposed tile network layout at the university farm to demonstrate the capacity of these new tools to fix topologically disconnected tile lines and generate sound tile networks that can be successfully buried and sized. These easy-to-use tools are compatible with all versions of QGIS3 and may be freely downloaded or installed from the official QGIS Plugin Repository. Keywords: Line Geometry, Plugins, QGIS Software, Tile Layout Routines, Tile Nodes and Lines.
Effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on maternal-fetal hemodynamics in third trimester pregnant women: A prospective study
Authors: Arruda Correia Maria Luisa , Peixoto Filho Fernando Maia , Gomes Júnior Saint Clair , de Jesus Guilherme Ramires 
Published: March 2024

Objective
To evaluate the maternal-fetal hemodynamic effects after osteopathic manipulative treatment by measuring vital signs and Doppler velocimetry in third-trimester pregnant women.

Materials and methods
This is a prospective study with pregnant women undergoing outpatient follow-up and hospitalized in a ward at Instituto Fernandes Figueira/Fiocruz, between August 2021 to August 2022, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This study was registered in REBEC under Register Number RBR-9q7kvg and approved by the ethics committee under number 32216620.0.0000.5269. The study population was composed of 51 pregnant women between 28 and 40 weeks of gestation, over 18 years of age, allocated in a single group. Pregnancies with multiple fetuses, malformations, premature rupture of the membrane, and active labor were excluded. The procedures evaluated maternal-fetal hemodynamics using three consecutive measures of ultrasound examination with Doppler velocimetry, and three maternal vital signs measured by an electronic blood pressure monitor.

Results
Most vital signs changed after osteopathic treatment. However, only the systolic blood pressure (109.92 ±14.42 to 110.71±12.8, p = 0.033), diastolic blood pressure (79.8±11.54 to 77.57±9.44, p = 0.018) and heart rate (87.59±11.93 to 81.12±10.26, p = 0.000) in the sitting position, systolic blood pressure (110.75±13.26 to 108.59±13.07; p = 0.034) in the supine, and heart rate (83.22±11.29 to 80.39±11.0; p = 0.013) in left lateral decubitus reached statistical significance. The oximetry measures (98.55±0.64 to 98.67±0.68; p = 0.098) stayed stable during all three positions.
All artery values remained stable after treatment, and no statistically significant difference was recorded in the artery results.

Conclusion
Responses to osteopathic treatment in women in the third trimester of pregnancy did not affect uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulation. However, some maternal vital signs had statistically significant results, with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, and an increase in systolic blood pressure in the sitting position, a decrease of heart rate in the left lateral decubitus position, and systolic blood pressure in the supine position. All the results observed were maintained in the normal parameters. The study responses attest to the safety of using the osteopathic manipulative treatment for the fetus and for pregnant women with comorbidities.
Automated analysis of retinal microcirculation in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yusef Yu. N. , Durzhinskaya M. H. , Pavlov V. G. , Petrachkov D. V. , Gurevich I. B. , Yashina V. V. , Tleubaev A. T. , Fadeyev V. V. , Poluboyarinova I. V. , Goldsmid A. E. , Karamullina R. А. , Lipatov D. V. , Budzinskaya M. V. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The paper is dedicated to the assessment of the retinal microvasculature in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with various features of the clinical course and different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Automatic analysis of optical coherence tomogram angiograms (OCT-A) was carried out with specially developed software that provides the ability to estimate quantitative vascular parameters.AIM: The purpose of the study was to assess diagnostic accuracy of clinical parameters and imaging biomarkers in type 1 diabetes using a new algorithm for OCT-A analysis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 186 people (365 eyes) with type 1 diabetes. The analysis of the OCT-A parameters was performed with a specially developed software. The range of studied parameters included: foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel area density (VAD), skeletonized vessel density (VSD), vessel diameter index (VDI), vascular curvature index (VCI) at the level of superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) retinal capillary plexuses in the macular region. A correlation between the involvement of OCT-A biomarkers and age, degree of DM, increased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, stage of DR, and maximally corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was analysed.RESULTS: A significant dependence of all quantitative OCT-A parameters on the age of and duration of diabetes (p<0.05) was revealed. An increase in FAZ SCP (K=0.788, p=0) and DCP (K=0.764, p=0.03); decrease in VAD SCP (K=-0.476, p=0) and DCP (K=-0.485, p=0); VSD SCP (K=0.692, p=0) and DCP (K=0.713, p=0); an increase in VDI SCP (K=0.698, p=0) and DCP (K=787, p<0.01), as well as an increase in the VCI SCP (K=0.735, p=0) and DCP (K=0.694, p p=0). An inverse relationship was found between HbA1c level and VAD SCP (K=-0.636, p=0) and DCP (K=-0.619, p=0.05) were identified as well as a direct relationship with VDI DCP (K=0.717, p<0.05). The influence of the HbA1c level on other parameters was not confirmed (p>0.05). The presence of correlation between BCVA and FAZ DCP (K=-0.728, p=0), as well as VSD DCP (K=-0.754, p=0) was proved.CONCLUSION: As a result of a comprehensive analysis of clinical data and imaging biomarkers, a number of patterns that have diagnostic value in diabetic retinopathy were identified.
Metabolic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Sveklina T. S. , Shustov S. B. , Kolyubayeva S. N. , Kuchmin A. N. , Kozlov V. A. , Smirnova E. V. , Zharkov A. V. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Half of all patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have preserved ejection fraction (CHF-nEF). The drug’s use effective for treatment of CHF with reduced ejection fraction (CHF-nFV) reduces the hospitalization incidence but does not affect the cardiovascular incidence or overall mortality in patients with CHF-nFV. Finding differences between CSN-SFV and CSN-nFV biomarkers is a pressing scientific problem.AIM: To study the metabolic disorders biomarkers intergenic relationships, myocardial damage, and to evaluate their role in the CHF development in patients with DM2.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorder genes polymorphisms frequencies in patients with CHF-CFV and DM2 (48 patients), CHF-NFV and DM2 (46) and patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) without CHF (68), mean age of patients was 69,7±5,3 yo. DNA was isolated from venous blood according to the manufacturer’s methodology. Gene polymorphisms were determined by real time PCR. The studied polymorphisms correlations with clinical and laboratory data and associations between clinical and laboratory tests were identified by regression analysis.RESULTS: In the control group, PPARG, APOC3 C3238G rs5128, LIPC -250 G>A rs2070895, APOA1 G-75A rs670, FABP2 Ala54Thr G>A rs1799883, ADRB2 5318 C>G rs1042714 genes polymorphisms, along with co-dependent ADRB3, FTO, FABP2 genes polymorphic form a gene network regulating plasma concentrations of LDL, uric acid and CAD. Gene polymorphisms have been found to be associated with clinical and/or laboratory parameters in patients with CHF-CFV: PPARGC1AGly482Ser G>A rs8192678 with CAD; PPARGT-2821C rs12497191 with glycated hemoglobin level; FTO A>T rs9939609 (α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase gene) with waist circumference; LEPR A>G rs1137101 (leptin receptor gene) with MAP. The following polymorphisms were found to be associated in patients with CHF-nFV: LIPC-250 G>A rs2070895 (liver triglyceride lipase gene) with MAP; PPARGC1A Gly482Ser G>A rs8192678 with MAP; FTO A>T rs9939609 with waist volume.CONCLUSIONS: From the study results, it is evident that patients with DM2 having CHF with different PV differ significantly among themselves by the presence of polymorphic genes prone to network interactions. The greatest number of such interactions is observed in the group of CHF-sFV, which determines a more complex course of this variant of CHF than in patients with CHF-nFV.