bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong differences in egg heat tolerance between closely related lowland and alpine butterfly species
Authors: Doniol‐Valcroze Paul , Després Laurence , Joron Mathieu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Temperature variation is one of the best‐known and studied factor constraining life history along the altitudinal gradients.
Ectotherms such as insects are sensitive to temperature across all life stages, resulting in a wide range of adaptations in populations and species living at different elevations. In butterflies, the egg stage is particularly sensitive to temperature variation as eggs cannot move and deploy behavioural responses to overheating.
Using a gradient polymerase chain reaction thermocycler to finely control temperature treatments, we tested for differences in egg heat tolerance between five closely related Coenonympha (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) species living at different elevations.
We found strong differences in egg heat tolerance ranges between lowland species (C. arcania (Linnaeus) and C. pamphilus (Linnaeus)) and two high elevation alpine species (C. gardetta (Prunner) and C. cephalidarwiniana Verity). Surprisingly, the third alpine species (C. darwiniana Staudinger) showed a heat tolerance range closer to that of the lowland species than that of alpine species.
The sensitivity of eggs to overheating matched the temperature regimes recorded in the microhabitats utilised for oviposition and may explain the oviposition site selection of females observed in the wild.
The narrower egg heat tolerance of some of alpine species may partly explain the position of their lower elevational limit but also raises concern about the fate of these species in the face of current climate change.
Our results highlight the need to study all life stages, as well as microclimate choice for oviposition, to understand species distribution and the threats to their persistence.
Opportunities for risk‐taking during play alters cognitive performance and prefrontal inhibitory signalling in rats of both sexes
Authors: Bijlsma Ate , Birza Evelien E. , Pimentel Tara C. , Maranus Janneke P. M. , van Gaans Marieke J. J. M. , Lozeman‐van t Klooster José G. , Baars Annemarie J. M. , Achterberg E. J. Marijke , Lesscher Heidi M. B. , Wierenga Corette J. , Vanderschuren Louk J. M. J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSocial play behaviour is a rewarding activity that can entail risks, thus allowing young individuals to test the limits of their capacities and to train their cognitive and emotional adaptability to challenges. Here, we tested in rats how opportunities for risk‐taking during play affect the development of cognitive and emotional capacities and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) function, a brain structure important for risk‐based decision making. Male and female rats were housed socially or social play‐deprived (SPD) between postnatal day (P)21 and P42. During this period, half of both groups were daily exposed to a high‐risk play environment. Around P85, all rats were tested for cognitive performance and emotional behaviour after which inhibitory currents were recorded in layer 5 pyramidal neurons in mPFC slices. We show that playing in a high‐risk environment altered cognitive flexibility in both sexes and improved behavioural inhibition in males. High‐risk play altered anxiety‐like behaviour in the elevated plus maze in males and in the open field in females, respectively. SPD affected cognitive flexibility in both sexes and decreased anxiety‐like behaviour in the elevated plus maze in females. We found that synaptic inhibitory currents in the mPFC were increased in male, but not female, rats after high‐risk play, while SPD lowered prefrontal cortex (PFC) synaptic inhibition in both sexes. Together, our data show that exposure to risks during play affects the development of cognition, emotional behaviour and inhibition in the mPFC. Furthermore, our study suggests that the opportunity to take risks during play cannot substitute for social play behaviour.
Beyond the present: How climate change is relevant to pest risk analysis
Authors: Szyniszewska Anna M. , Akrivou Antigoni , Björklund Niklas , Boberg Johanna , Bradshaw Catherine , Damus Martin , Gardi Ciro , Hanea Anca , Kriticos Jessica , Maggini Ramona , Musolin Dmitrii L. , MacLeod Alan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClimate change is widely recognized as a critical global challenge with far‐reaching consequences. It affects pest species by altering their population dynamics, actual and potential distribution areas, as well as interactions with their hosts and natural enemies. Climate change thus has potentially important implications for multiple areas of the pest risk analysis (PRA) process. The importance of including climate change in PRA may vary depending on the climatic context of the PRA area in relation to the speed of climate change. If climatic changes within the time horizon of interest are minimal, their potential impact on pest risk is reduced accordingly. For PRAs in a changing climate, we need to be concerned with how future climates could alter our assessment of the risks currently posed by each pest species. While climate can influence the distribution and abundance of pests and hosts alike, its significance will vary depending on the situation. The inclusion of climate change within a PRA also presents challenges. The dynamic nature of climate change, with its complex interactions and uncertainties, can make it difficult to predict and assess the future risks posed by pests accurately. Uncertainties related to future predictions may be much greater than the potential effects associated with climate change and species’ responses to it. This paper outlines examples of the effects of climate change on hosts and different groups of pests, including invertebrates, pathogens, weeds and vector species. The aim is to review the opportunities and challenges of incorporating climate change into PRA, offering insights for a variety of stakeholders including policymakers on this topic.
Modelling tools for including climate change in pest risk assessments
Authors: Kriticos Darren , Szyniszewska Anna , Bradshaw Catherine , Li Christine , Verykouki Eleni , Yonow Tania , Duffy Catriona 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive overview of the modelling tools available for integrating climate change impacts into pest risk assessments (PRA), elucidating the existing methodologies and models employed to understand the potential distributions of pests based on historical data and under future climate change scenarios. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of these models and provide commentary on their ability to identify emerging threats due to climate change accurately and adequately, considering pest establishment likelihood, host crop exposure and the distribution of impacts. The simplest methods are based on climate‐matching models, degree‐day development models and Köppen–Geiger climate classification. Correlative species distribution models derive species–environment relationships and have been applied to PRA with mixed success. When fitted models are applied to different continents they are usually challenged to extrapolate climate suitability patterns outside the climate space used to train them. Global climate change is creating novel climates, exacerbating this ‘transferability’ problem. Some tools have been developed to reveal when these models are extrapolating. Process‐oriented models, which focus on mechanisms and processes rather than distribution patterns, are inherently more reliable for extrapolation to novel climates such as new continents and future climate scenarios. These models, however, require more skill and generally more knowledge of the species to craft robust models.
Measuring secondary school students’ L2 writing self‐regulated strategies in the Korean EFL context
Authors: Woo Eojin , Kim Do‐Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined the evidence for the reliability and validity of the Self‐Regulatory Writing Strategy Questionnaire (SRWSQ) and its suitability for the Korean English as a foreign language (EFL) context. The results indicated that the six dimensions of self‐regulated learning (SRL) strategies (writing planning, goal‐oriented monitoring, goal‐oriented evaluation, emotional control, metacognitive judgment, and memorization strategies) were closely but independently related to each other, falling under the overarching construct of self‐regulation. However, certain items require revision to ensure a more culturally sensitive measurement of SRL strategies in the Korean EFL context. The study observed differences in the use of SRL strategies based on gender and grade level. Furthermore, the use of SRL strategies significantly influenced students’ writing achievement. The study underscores the importance of SRL writing strategies in EFL contexts and discusses implications for teachers and future research.
Evaluation of perineal wound healing and pain outcomes after low‐angle mediolateral episiotomy in women undergoing vaginal childbirth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo Qi , Lu Zhai'e , Xu Binbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of episiotomy, particularly the angle of incision in mediolateral episiotomies, remains a significant area of inquiry in obstetrics. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of low‐angle mediolateral episiotomy on perineal wound healing and pain outcomes in women undergoing vaginal childbirth. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted using the PICO framework. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving low‐angle mediolateral episiotomies. Comprehensive literature searches were performed across major electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Data extraction and quality assessments were meticulously carried out by independent reviewers, employing the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. A total of 1246 articles were initially identified, with 8 articles meeting the strict inclusion criteria for the final analysis. The meta‐analysis revealed significant heterogeneity among studies regarding postoperative pain (p < 0.0001, I2 = 77.5%), and employed a random‐effects model. Results showed that low‐angle episiotomies significantly reduced postoperative pain (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.17–0.42, p < 0.001), and increased first‐degree healing rates (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 2.20–3.96, p < 0.001) compared to traditional angles. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings, and no significant publication bias was detected. The analysis suggests that low‐angle episiotomies can potentially reduce postoperative perineal pain and enhance wound healing. However, the limited number and varying quality of the included studies warrant cautious interpretation of these results. Further well‐designed studies are needed to corroborate these findings and guide clinical practice.
Randomized clinical trial of continuous transversus thoracis muscle plane block for patients undergoing open heart valve replacement surgery
Authors: Zhan Yanping , Li Lei , Chen Shibiao , Peng Yongbao , Zhang Yang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe optimal analgesia regimen after open cardiac surgery is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of continuous transversus thoracis muscle plane (TTMP) blocks initiated before surgery on open cardiac surgery outcomes. A group of 110 patients were randomly allocated to either receive bilateral continuous TTMP blocks (TTP group) or no nerve block (SAL group). The primary endpoint was post‐operative pain at 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h after extubation at rest and exercise. The secondary outcome measures included analgesia requirements (sufentanil and flurbiprofen axetil administration), time to extubation, incidence of reintubation, length of stay in the ICU, incidence of post‐operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), time until return of bowel function, time to mobilization, urinary catheter removal and length of hospital stay. The length of stay in the ICU and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in the SAL group than in the TTP group. NRS scores at rest and exercise were significantly lower in the TTP group than in the SAL group at all time points. The TTP group required significantly less intraoperative and post‐operative sufentanil and post‐operative dynastat consumption than the SAL group. Time to extubation, time to first flatus, time until mobilization and time until urinary catheter removal were significantly earlier in the TTP group than in the SAL group. The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the TTP group. Bilateral continuous TTMP blocks provide effective analgesia and accelerate recovery in patients undergoing open heart valve replacement surgery.
NPS‐2143 inhibit glioma progression by suppressing autophagy through mediating AKT–mTOR pathway
Authors: Nie Jia‐Li , Li Qi , Yin Hai‐Tang , Yang Ji‐Hong , Li Ming , Li Qin , Fan Xing‐Hua , Zhao Qing‐Qing , Wen Zhi‐Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGliomas are the most common tumours in the central nervous system. In the present study, we aimed to find a promising anti‐glioma compound and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. Glioma cells were subjected to the 50 candidate compounds at a final concentration of 10 μM for 72 h, and CCK‐8 was used to evaluate their cytotoxicity. NPS‐2143, an antagonist of calcium‐sensing receptor (CASR), was selected for further study due to its potent cytotoxicity to glioma cells. Our results showed that NPS‐2143 could inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells and induce G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, NPS‐2143 could induce glioma cell apoptosis by increasing the caspase‐3/6/9 activity. NPS‐2143 impaired the immigration and invasion ability of glioma cells by regulating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process. Mechanically, NPS‐2143 could inhibit autophagy by mediating the AKT–mTOR pathway. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the prognosis of glioma patients with low expression of CASR mRNA was better than those with high expression of CASR mRNA. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that CASR was associated with cell adhesion molecules and lysosomes in glioma. The nude mice xenograft model showed NPS‐2143 could suppress glioma growth in vivo. In conclusion, NPS‐2143 can suppress the glioma progression by inhibiting autophagy.
Direct effects of alcohol on gut‐epithelial barrier: Unraveling the disruption of physical and chemical barrier of the gut‐epithelial barrier that compromises the host–microbiota interface upon alcohol exposure
Authors: Kuo Cheng‐Hao , Wu Li‐Ling , Chen Hsiao‐Ping , Yu Jun , Wu Chun‐Ying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of alcohol‐associated diseases is multifactorial, mechanism of which involves metabolic alteration, dysregulated immune response, and a perturbed intestinal host‐environment interface. Emerging evidence has pinpointed the critical role of the intestinal host–microbiota interaction in alcohol‐induced injuries, suggesting its contribution to disease initiation and development. To maintain homeostasis in the gut, the intestinal mucosa serves as the first‐line defense against exogenous factors in the gastrointestinal tract, including dietary contents and the commensal microbiota. The gut‐epithelial barrier comprises a physical barrier lined with a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells and a chemical barrier with mucus trapping host regulatory factors and gut commensal bacteria. In this article, we review recent studies pertaining to the disrupted gut‐epithelial barrier upon alcohol exposure and examine how alcohol and its metabolism can affect the regulatory ability of intestinal epithelium.
Kinesophobia and its related factors in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhu Yue , Wang Zhangyi , Su Tao , Fang Zhiping , Pang Xiaoli , Tang Xiaochun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the postoperative kinesophobia of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and its related factors.BackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention is an effective method to treat coronary heart disease (CHD), and cardiac rehabilitation is an important auxiliary method after PCI. However, the compliance of patients with cardiac rehabilitation after PCI is not good, among which kinesophobia is an important influencing factor.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional design was implemented, and the high‐quality reporting of the study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statement.MethodsIn total, 351 inpatients who underwent PCI in three tertiary grade‐A hospitals in China were selected by convenient sampling method. We use one‐way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the relevant related factors.ResultsThe kinesophobia of patients after PCI was negatively correlated with chronic illness resource utilization and sense of personal mastery, and positively correlated with illness perception. Education level, clinical classification of CHD, exercise habits, chronic illness resource utilization, illness perception and sense of personal mastery entered the regression equation, which could explain 78.1% of the total variation.ConclusionThe level of kinesiophobia of patients after PCI is high. Education level, clinical classification of CHD, exercise habits, chronic illness resource utilization, illness perception and sense of personal mastery are the related factors of kinesiophobia of patients after PCI.Relevance to Clinical PracticeBy reducing the level of exercise fear of patients after PCI, patients are more likely to accept and adhere to the cardiac rehabilitation plan, thus improving their prognosis and improving their quality of life.Patient or Public ContributionThe patient underwent PCI in the research hospital. Researchers screen them according to the inclusion criteria and invite them to participate in this study. If they meet the requirements, participants will answer the research questionnaire face to face after signing the informed consent form.
Hot isostatic pressing as an alternative thermo‐mechanical treatment for metallic full‐arch implant‐supported frameworks obtained by additive and subtractive manufacturing technology: Vertical and horizontal fit, screw removal torque, and stress analysis
Authors: Barbin Thaís , Borges Guilherme Almeida , Jardini André Luiz , Mesquita Marcelo Ferraz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess vertical and horizontal fit, screw removal torque, and stress analysis (considered biomechanical aspects) of full‐arch implant frameworks manufactured in Ti‐6Al‐4V through milling, and additive manufacturing Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM), and the effect of the thermo‐mechanical treatment Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) as a post‐treatment after manufacturing.Material and MethodsMaxillary full‐arch implant frameworks were made by milling, DMLS, and EBM. The biomechanical assessments were screw removal torque, strain‐gauge analyses, and vertical and horizontal marginal fits. The vertical fit was assessed by the single‐screw test and with all screws tightened. All frameworks were submitted to a standardized HIP cycle (920°C, 1000 bar pressure, 2 h), and the tests were repeated (α = 0.05).ResultsAt the initial time, milled frameworks presented higher screw removal torque values, and DMLS and EBM frameworks presented lower levels of strain. Using the single‐screw test, milled and DMLS frameworks presented higher vertical fit values, and with all screws tightened and horizontally, higher fit values were found for milled frameworks, followed by DMLS and EBM. After HIP, milling and EBM frameworks presented higher screw removal torque values; the lowest strain values were found for EBM. Using the single‐screw test, milled and DMLS frameworks presented higher vertical fit values, and with all screws tightened and horizontally no differences were found.ConclusionsDMLS and EBM full‐arch frameworks presented adequate values of screw removal torque, strain, and marginal fit, although the worst values of marginal fit were found for EBM frameworks. The HIP cycle enhanced the screw removal torque of milled and EBM frameworks and reduced the strain values of milled frameworks. The HIP represents a reliable post‐treatment for Ti‐6Al‐4V dental prostheses produced by milling and EBM technologies.
Short‐term changes in social role statuses across young adulthood and their relation to heavy drinking in a given month
Authors: Fairlie Anne M. , Calhoun Brian H. , Walukevich‐Dienst Katherine , Janson Melissa , Patrick Megan E. , Lee Christine M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractYoung adulthood is a developmental period during which individuals experience shifts in their social roles in various domains, which coincides with a period of time that is also high risk for lifetime peaks in alcohol use. The current study examined age‐related changes in heavy episodic drinking (HED) and high‐intensity drinking (HID) and associations with short‐term (i.e., monthly) variation in young adults' social roles over a 2.5‐year period in a community sample of young adults who reported past‐year alcohol use (N = 778, baseline age range 18–23). Results showed probabilities of past‐month HED and HID changed in a nonlinear fashion across ages 18–26 with greater probabilities of use at younger ages. Most participants did not report being in the same social role status every sampled month, underscoring the presence of short‐term role variation. Living with parents and being in a serious romantic relationship in a given month were negatively associated with past‐month HED. Living with parents in a given month was also negatively associated with past‐month HID. Being a 4‐year college student and being employed full‐time in a given month were not significantly related to either outcome. Findings provided partial evidence that monthly statuses were associated with heavy drinking. Several avenues for future research are described in light of the findings.
Interaction of sleep and emotion across the menstrual cycle
Authors: Meers Jessica M. , Bower Joanne , Nowakowski Sara , Alfano Candice 
Published: March 2024

SummaryMenstruating individuals experience an increased risk for sleep and affective disorders, attributed in part to monthly oscillations in sex hormones. Emotional functioning and sleep continuity worsens during the perimenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. This study examined the interactive effects of sleep, menstrual phase, and emotion in healthy women. Participants (N = 51, 43% Caucasian) aged 18–35 (m = 24 years) completed actigraphy and daily sleep/emotion diaries over two menstrual cycles (m days = 51.29). Diary and actigraphic total wake time at night (TWT) and daily ratings of positive and negative affect were compared across four phases of the menstrual cycle: perimenstrual, mid‐follicular, periovulatory, and mid‐luteal. Relationships between phase, sleep, and emotion were estimated using multistep hierarchical linear modelling. Mean menstrual cycle length was 28.61 ± 2.69 days. Perimenstrual phase positively predicted anger (p < 0.001) but no other emotions. Additionally, the perimenstrual phase predicted higher rates of TWT, such that diary TWT was 8–16 min longer during the perimenstrual (m = 67.54, SE = 3.37) compared to other phases (p < 0.001). Actigraphic TWT was also increased by 4–7 min (m = 61.54, SE = 3.37) in the perimenstrual phase (p < 0.001). Positive emotions were 0.05–0.10 points lower (p = 0.006–0.02) when TWT was greater in the perimenstrual phase. Greater rates of anger and sleep disruption were seen during the perimenstrual phase compared with other phases. When poor sleep occurred during the perimenstrual phase individuals reported reduced positive emotions. Reducing perimenstrual sleep disruptions may be an important intervention target for those at risk for affective disorders.