bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herakles' virtus Between Etruscans and Romans
Authors: Gersht Rivka 
Published: February 2025

The legend of Herakles’ arrival at the Tiber, his cult and his deeds on Italian soil preceded even the legend of Rome’ foundation. He was recognized as a god in Italy, and the Palatine dwellers were the first to dedicate a tithe of their goods to him to ensure a happy and prosperous life. In the late sixth century, the Greek myth of Herakles’ apotheosis was adopted for Etruscan temple ornamentation; but the theme extended beyond the public realm into the private, where it acquired a different significance. The first part of my study investigates the contribution of Herakles’ apotheosis in the private domain through an analysis of several Etruscan mirrors. The reexamination of the mirrors raises various theoretical issues such as how far did Etruscan artists go in depicting and reworking specific Greek myths of Herakles the hero, and in personifying abstract qualities associated with his virtus. The second part of the study traces the growth of the Roman Herakles, from a newcomer informal guest to an emblem of the emperor’s virtus and divine power. Finally, I juxtapose the Etruscan and Roman interpretations of Herakles’ virtus by presenting the question about the ways Rome accepted or rejected Etruscan methods of visualizing myths and ideologies.
GLAJJ: Addenda et Corrigenda
Authors: Geiger Joseph 
Published: February 2025

Menahem Sternʼs Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism (three volumes, Jerusalem 1974-1984) has justly been praised by all its reviewers. So far as I could see only a few significant additions have been made to his assemblage of texts. However, for the Roman Empire, the material is vast and forbidding: an editor can hardly fail to miss some names and facts, even within restricted categories, whatever his sagacity and industry. The following notes are but the gleanings and corners of the field and the forgotten sheaf from the rich harvest of a great scholar. In what follows I shall start with texts that doubtlessly, by Sternʼs own criteria, should have been included in the collection, and I shall then proceed to a number of less clear cases. To the best of my knowledge only the first of these texts has been discussed in the present context. The article refers to: Diogenes of Oenoanda III, l. 7 – IV, l. 2; Plut. frg. 187 Sandbach (John of Antioch, Archaeologia I, frg. 19); Vita Aesopi 141; Diosc. 1.95 (Pedanii Dioscuridis Anazarbei, De materia medica, ed. Max Wellmann, Berlin 1907; Eunapius, Vitae Philosophorum p. 459; Porphyry, History of Philosophy III (Steph. Byz. Γ 12 = FGrH 260 F 12) ; Schol. Pers. 5.176-184 (Commentum Cornuti in Persium, edd. W.V. Clausen, J.E.G. Zetzel, Monachii et Lipsiae 2004); Damasc. Vita Isidori frg. 70 (Phot. Bibl. 242 = FGrH 675 T 3); Varro, Men. frg. 583B ; Plut. Cic. 36.2; GLAJJ II, no. 464n.
Nero in the Sibylline Oracles
Authors: Gruem Erich S. 
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the puzzlingly conflicting and contradictory images of the emperor Nero that appear in the texts of the Sibylline Oracles, composed in large part by Jewish authors of the Roman Empire. The diverse representations depict him both as a cruel tyrant, murderer, and hybristic aspirer to divinity on the one hand, and an effective champion of the east who exacted a just vengeance against the plunders and oppression perpetrated by the Roman Empire on the other. The author seeks to set these clashing images in the context of tales that emerged in the east after Nero’s death and the distorted memories of Nero’s responsibility for the fall of Jerusalem, and also proposes a link with the great fire in Rome under Nero.
An Incident of Magic in Heroides 20 and 21
Authors: Anagnostou-Laoutides Eva 
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the love-affair of Acontius and Cydippe narrated by Callimachus (Aet. frs.75-6) and Ovid (Her. 20-21) as a literary example of ancient magic which reflects the increasing flow of knowledge about Near Eastern magic during Augustan Rome. The tale has been often interpreted as a metaphor for the lover’s wish to exercise control over his mistress. However, alongside this established reading, the tale is rife with motifs found in contemporary magical spells performed to secure erotic favour. Here I argue that Ovid, unconcerned with modern categorisations of ancient magic according to which violent, black magic spells are differentiated from prayers calling for justice, fused the language of binding spells and judicial prayers to heighten the magical efficacy of his poems, which function as spells. Ovid’s use of magic corresponds to the development of magical traditions in ancient Mesopotamia where incantation prayers are increasingly incorporated in the so-called love lyrics, erotic literature which became especially popular in the first millennium BCE. A comparison of Ovid’s Heroides with one of our surviving love lyrics reveals Mesopotamian magic as an important, albeit neglected, source of influence for Roman elegy.
Fanzines for a local celebration of the World Stroke Day 2023.
Authors: Amor Eugenia García , Peñarroja Laura Pérez , Feliu Elia Dolz , Soria Sonia Medina , Rangel Alejandro Bustamante , Molleda Mercedes , de Bofarull Clara Larrañaga , Pina Belén Flores , Gisbert Jaime Carbonell , de la Ossa Natalia Pérez 
Published: February 2025

Stroke is a neurological deficit attributed to an acute focal injury of the central nervious system, due to an arterial occlusion (ischemic stroke) or an arterial rupture (hemorrhagic stroke) (Institut Català de la Salut de Barcelona Generalitat de Catalunya, 2022). It provokes the loss of function in the brain areas affected. It is one of the most common neurological acquired diseases, being the first cause of disability in the world (Sociedad Española de Neurología, 2020). A large majority of strokes can be prevented through lifestyle changes, so primary prevention education of the population is essential. Regarding the secondary prevention (after an event happens), it differs depending on the subtype of stroke but preventing cardiovascular disorders with actions such as avoiding sedentarism, taking care of our diet, and quitting toxic habits are common points in the etiology of acquired neurological vascular disease (Pla Director de la Malaltia Vascular Cerebral, 2022).
Beyond oral counseling, paper flyers are commonly used in consultation to give health advice to patients and to the general population. Graphic Medicine makes possible the use of visual formats to teach healthy habits to people. An example of a visual medium are fanzines, a “do it yourself” possibility to spread your health messages and to explore visual possibilities of communication.
This fanzine aims to frame the changes in a patient's life after suffering from stroke and how to prevent new events and complications. It is directed towards patients, family, and general population concern.
Socio-demographic and Clinical Profile of Leprosy and Outcome of New Cases between 2012 and 2022: A Study in Brazil
Authors: Miranda Lucas de Sousa , Magalhães Gleicy Evellyn Amorim , Santos Jhennifer Pereira dos , Araújo Maísa Barroso de , Santos Sabrina Dias dos , Lobato Werllison Mateus Silva , Corrêa Perla Katheleen Valente , Ruivo Barbara Alves Ruela de Azevedo , El – Husny Claudia Ozela , Silva Fabiane Oliveira da , Vergueiro Mauro Victor Brabo , Rego Larissa Karem Santos , Chaves Nayara do Socorro Souza , Sousa Yasmin Martins de , Sardinha Daniele Melo , Sousa Bruna Rafaela da Silva 
Published: February 2025

Aims: This study aims to determine the sociodemographic and clinical profile of new leprosy cases in Brazil between 2012 and 2022.
Study Design: Analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical profile of leprosy in the regions of Brazil and the evolution of new cases between 2012 and 2022.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Brazil from 2012 to 2022, using real-world data from epidemiological surveillance.
Methodology: This is an ecological, quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional study. Ecological study research compares the occurrence of the disease/health-related condition and the exposure of interest among aggregates of individuals (populations of countries, regions or municipalities, for example) in order to verify the possible existence of an association between them.
Results: The heterogeneity of new cases of the disease was observed, with significant variations between the regions investigated. There was a predominance in all regions of multibacillary cases in men (44.12%), aged between 20 and 59 years (65.08%), brown individuals, the latter, however, with a higher incidence in the North and Northeast regions. There was a predominance of grade zero disability (57%), although there were significant figures for grades I (23.61%) and II (7.55%) between the regions. With regard to the type of outcome, in all regions there were significant figures for cure (73.46%). The rates of death and misdiagnosis were relatively low, but there was a high dropout rate, especially for the multibacillary form (80.78%).
Conclusion: The low level of schooling was shown to be a factor related to the different proportions of operational forms of leprosy cases between the five regions, especially the poorest and those with the highest incidence.
Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With New-Onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Herrmann Florian E. M. , Taha Amar , Nielsen Susanne J. , Martinsson Andreas , Hansson Emma C. , Juchem Gerd , Jeppsson Anders 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceNew-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in approximately 30% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It is unknown whether early recurrence is associated with worse outcomes.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that early AF recurrence in patients with POAF after CABG is associated with worse outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis Swedish nationwide cohort study used prospectively collected data from the SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) registry and 3 other mandatory national registries. The study included patients who underwent isolated first-time CABG between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2020, and developed POAF. Data analysis was performed between March 6 and September 16, 2023.ExposureEarly AF recurrence defined as an episode of AF leading to hospital care within 3 months after discharge.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included ischemic stroke, any thromboembolism, heart failure hospitalization, and major bleeding within 2 years after discharge. The groups were compared with multivariable Cox regression models, with early AF recurrence as a time-dependent covariate. The hypothesis tested was formulated after data collection.ResultsOf the 35 329 patients identified, 10 609 (30.0%) developed POAF after CABG and were included in this study. Their median age was 71 (IQR, 66-76) years. The median follow-up was 7.1 (IQR, 2.9-9.0) years, and most patients (81.6%) were men. Early AF recurrence occurred in 6.7% of patients. Event rates (95% CIs) per 100 patient-years with vs without early AF recurrence were 2.21 (1.49-3.24) vs 2.03 (1.83-2.25) for all-cause mortality, 3.94 (2.92-5.28) vs 2.79 (2.56-3.05) for heart failure hospitalization, and 3.97 (2.95-5.30) vs 2.74 (2.51-2.99) for major bleeding. No association between early AF recurrence and all-cause mortality was observed (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 1.17 [95% CI, 0.80-1.74]; P = .41). In exploratory analyses, there was an association with heart failure hospitalization (AHR, 1.80 [95% CI, 1.32-2.45]; P = .001) and major bleeding (AHR, 1.92 [1.42-2.61]; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of early AF recurrence after POAF in patients who underwent CABG, no association was found between early AF recurrence and all-cause mortality. Exploratory analyses showed associations between AF recurrence and heart failure hospitalization, oral anticoagulation, and major bleeding.
An Organ‐on‐Chip Platform for Simulating Drug Metabolism Along the Gut–Liver Axis
Authors: Lucchetti Mara , Aina Kehinde Oluwasegun , Grandmougin Léa , Jäger Christian , Pérez Escriva Pau , Letellier Elisabeth , Mosig Alexander S. , Wilmes Paul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe human microbiome significantly influences drug metabolism through the gut–liver axis, leading to modified drug responses and potential toxicity. Due to the complex nature of the human gut environment, the understanding of microbiome‐driven impacts on these processes is limited. To address this, a multiorgan‐on‐a‐chip (MOoC) platform that combines the human microbial‐crosstalk (HuMiX) gut‐on‐chip (GoC) and the Dynamic42 liver‐on‐chip (LoC), mimicking the bidirectional interconnection between the gut and liver known as the gut–liver axis, is introduced. This platform supports the viability and functionality of intestinal and liver cells. In a proof‐of‐concept study, the metabolism of irinotecan, a widely used colorectal cancer drug, is imitated within the MOoC. Utilizing liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), irinotecan metabolites are tracked, confirming the platform's ability to represent drug metabolism along the gut–liver axis. Further, using the authors’ gut–liver platform, it is shown that the colorectal cancer‐associated gut bacterium, Escherichia coli, modifies irinotecan metabolism through the transformation of its inactive metabolite SN‐38G into its toxic metabolite SN‐38. This platform serves as a robust tool for investigating the intricate interplay between gut microbes and pharmaceuticals, offering a representative alternative to animal models and providing novel drug development strategies.
Junctionless Negative‐Differential‐Resistance Device Using 2D Van‐Der‐Waals Layered Materials for Ternary Parallel Computing
Authors: Lee Taeran , Jung Kil‐Su , Seo Seunghwan , Lee Junseo , Park Jihye , Kang Sumin , Park Jeongwon , Kang Juncheol , Ahn Hogeun , Kim Suhyun , Lee Hae Won , Lee Doyoon , Kim Ki Seok , Kim Hyunseok , Heo Keun , Kim Sunmean , Bae Sang‐Hoon , Kang Seokhyeong , Kang Kibum , Kim Jeehwan , Park Jin‐Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNegative‐differential‐resistance (NDR) devices offer a promising pathway for developing future computing technologies characterized by exceptionally low energy consumption, especially multivalued logic computing. Nevertheless, conventional approaches aimed at attaining the NDR phenomenon involve intricate junction configurations and/or external doping processes in the channel region, impeding the progress of NDR devices to the circuit and system levels. Here, an NDR device is presented that incorporates a channel without junctions. The NDR phenomenon is achieved by introducing a metal‐insulator‐semiconductor capacitor to a portion of the channel area. This approach establishes partial potential barrier and well that effectively restrict the movement of hole and electron carriers within specific voltage ranges. Consequently, this facilitates the implementation of both a ternary inverter and a ternary static‐random‐access‐memory, which are essential components in the development of multivalued logic computing technology.
Developing Hypoxia‐Sensitive System via Designing Tumor‐Targeted Fullerene‐Based Photosensitizer for Multimodal Therapy of Deep Tumor
Authors: Li Lei , Fu Jiaju , Ye Jiahao , Liu Lei , Sun Zihao , Wang Haoyu , Tan Shuangjie , Zhen Mingming , Wang Chunru , Bai Chunli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has been approved for clinic. However, powerless efficiency for deep hypoxic tumor therapy remains an enormous challenge for PDT. Herein, a hypoxia‐sensitive nanotherapeutic system (FTCD‐SRGD) based on fullerene (C70) and anoxic activating chemical prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) is rationally designed for multimodal therapy of deep hypoxic tumors. To enhance the accumulation and achieve specific drug release in tumor, the FTCD‐SRGD is modified with cyclo(Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐d‐Phe‐Lys) (cRGDfK) peptide and disulfide bonds. With the exacerbated hypoxic microenvironment created by C70 consuming O2 for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), TPZ is activated to produce toxic radical species to ablate deep tumors, which achieves a synergistic treatment of C70‐mediated PDT and hypoxia‐enhanced chemotherapy. Additionally, given this hypoxia‐sensitive system‐induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) activating anticancer cytotoxic T lymphocyte to result in more susceptible tumor to immunotherapy, FTCD‐SRGD plus immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti‐PD‐L1) fully inhibit deep hypoxic tumors by promoting infiltration of effector T cells in tumors. Collectively, it is the first time to develop a multimodal therapy system with fullerene‐based hypoxia‐sensitive PS for deep tumors. The powerful multimodal nanotherapeutic system for combining hypoxia‐enhanced PDT and immunotherapy to massacre deep hypoxic tumors can provide a paradigm to combat the present bottleneck of tumor therapy.
Discovering [C4C1im][BF4] as draw solution in forward osmosis
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Amirul Mukmin , Seman Mazrul Nizam Abu , Abdullah Syamsul B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPromising forward osmosis (FO) membrane desalination is a potentially viable energy‐efficient performance technology compared to other techniques. Searching for the ideal draw solute that creates high osmotic pressure difference and ease of regeneration is critical for water desalination using the FO system. However, many fundamental aspects still need to be adapted, such as needing more screening potential anions and cations based on the predictive method. The Group Contribution Method (GCM) was used in this study to predict the value of the van't Hoff factor denoted by (i). In the end, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4C1im][BF4]) was selected as a draw solution for later experimental work.
Liposomal bupivacaine for ultrasound‐guided rectus sheath blocks after midline laparotomy
Authors: Vereen M. S. , Harms F. , Stolker R. J. , Dirckx M. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryOptimal pain management after open abdominal surgery is essential but can be difficult to achieve. The effects of inadequate analgesia go beyond the first few postoperative days; severe acute postoperative pain may contribute to the development of chronic postsurgical pain. Thoracic epidural analgesia is a traditional approach to the management of acute pain after open abdominal surgery but has multiple possible contraindications and can be technically challenging. In our hospital, we typically offer ultrasound‐guided rectus sheath blocks with catheters when epidural analgesia is not feasible. However, the recent registration of long‐acting liposomal bupivacaine in the Netherlands as well as logistical and equipment‐related issues have led us to consider liposomal bupivacaine as an alternative to the use of catheters. Here, we present a short case series to describe our first clinical experiences with the use of liposomal bupivacaine in ultrasound‐guided rectus sheath blocks after midline laparotomy for three patients in whom epidural insertion was contraindicated.
Recent interlayer and separator design approaches for high‐performance Li–S batteries
Authors: Choi Hyo‐Yeol , Lee Si‐Hwan , Yu Hyuk‐Joon , Yu Seung‐Ho 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted attention as promising next‐generation batteries due to their remarkably high capacity compared to lithium‐ion batteries and the low cost of sulfur. However, one of the inherent problems of LSBs is the “shuttle effect,” which causes lithium metal anode instability and capacity fading. This is still a major barrier that must be overcome before it is used in the industry. Therefore, to commercialize LSBs, it is essential to suppress this shuttle effect. From this point of view, this review focuses on the categorization of the methods and materials for interlayer and separator modification, which is one of the effective ways to address the shuttle effect.
Protective effect of Xixin–Ganjiang herb pair for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rats based on integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics
Authors: Huang Ping , Xiang Ting , Wang Qiong , Han Lintao , Zheng Sili , Zhang Dongning , Huang Fang , Duan Bailu , Li Jingjing , Li Huamao , Huang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractXixin–Ganjiang herb pair (XGHP) is a classic combination for warming the lungs to dissolve phlegm and is often used to treat a variety of chronic lung diseases; it can treat the syndrome of cold phlegm obstruction of lungs. First, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) was used to examine the composition of XGHP, and network pharmacology was used to predict its potential core targets and signaling pathways in the current study. Second, a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was established for assessing the anti‐COPD activity of XGHP, and metabolomics was used to explore the biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Finally, the sample was validated using molecular docking and Western blotting. The integration of metabolomics and network pharmacology results identified 11 targets, 3 biomarkers, 3 pathways, and 2 metabolic pathways. Western blotting showed that XGHP effectively regulated the expression of core proteins via multiple signaling pathways (downregulation of toll‐like receptor 4 [TLR4] and upregulation of serine/threonine‐protein kinase 1 [p‐AKT1] and nitric oxide synthase 3 [NOS3]). Molecular docking results showed that the 10 potentially active components of XGHP have good affinity with tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9), TLR4, p‐AKT1, and NOS3. Our findings suggest that XGHP may regulate glucolipid metabolism, improve energy supply, and inhibit inflammatory responses (TNF‐α, IL‐6, and MMP‐9) via the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway and HIF‐1 signaling pathway in the management of COPD.