bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upaya Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa terhadap Materi Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat Positif dan Negatif Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas IV SDN 15 Pulau Kumbang dengan Menerapkan Metode Kooperatif Tipe TAI (Team Assisted Individualization)
Authors: Amran Amran 
Published: March 2024

Hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran Matematika khususnya pada materi operasi hitung bilangan bulat positif dan negatif tahun pelajaran 2022/2023sangat rendah. Hal ini dibuktikan berdasarkan hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan guru sekitar 70% mendapatkan nilai dibawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum yang ditetapkan sekolah untuk pembelajaran Matematika kelas IV yaitu 60.
Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dilaksanakannya penelitian tindakan kelas sebagai upaya perbaikan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode kooperatif tipe Team assisted Individualization (TAI) mampu meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi operasi hitung bilangan bulat positif dan negatif pada pembelajaran Matematika Kelas IV SDN 15 Pulau Kumbang semester genap tahun pelajaran
Hasil yang didapat setelah pelaksanaan penelitikan tindakan kelas dengan menerapkan metode kooperatif tipe Team assisted Individualization (TAI) selama 2 siklus penelitian adalah Pada Siklus II jumlah siswa yang mendapatkan nilai diatas KKM pada perbaikan pembelajaran siklus II meningkat dari jumlah yang sebelumnya 10 orang menjadi 14 orang mendapatkan nilai diatas KKM. Pada siklus II ini terjadi pula penurunan jumlah siswa yang mendapatkan nilai dibawah KKM setelah dievaluasi yaitu hanya tinggal 6 orang atau sekitar 30% dari 20 orang siswa.
Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) extracts and essential oil - A critical review
Authors: Ashokkumar Kaliyaperumal , Pandian Arjun , Murugan Muthusamy , Dhanya M K , Vellaikumar Sampathrajan 
Published: March 2024

The plant Ocimum gratissimum is well-known from the ancient Indian medicine system. O. gratissimum has wide variety of therapeutic applications. Folk medicine says that it can help with headaches, fevers, diarrhoea, pneumonia, and other ailments. O. gratissimum contains several bioactive constituents widely used as food additives, food colorants, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fragrances. This review discusses up to this point data on the phytochemical composition, pharmacological studies of Ocimum gratissimum extracts and oil from numerous locations worldwide. Pertinent data of O. gratissimum was earned from numerous electronic scientific databases, and additional information was obtained from books, thesis and different relevant websites. The yield of the O. gratissimum essential oil (OGEO) varied between 0.12% and 1.66% on a dry basis, depending on the variety, plant parts and extraction methods used. OGEO was predominantly accumulated phenylpropenes, (55.7%-57.3%) followed by sesquiterpenes (27.5%-38.1%), and monoterpenes (4.0%-16.1%). Eugenol, germacrene-D, ocimene, 1,8-cineole, selinene, caryophyllene, murolene, cymene, thymol, terpinene, thujene and myrcene are major constituents of OGEO from various origins. These compounds are chief bioactive substances responsible for pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, gastrointestinal, insecticidal, and larvicidal activities.
Prevalence of major sucking pests on black pepper, Piper nigrum L. in relation to weather parameters
Authors: Sathyan Thiravidamani , Dhanya M K , Murugan Muthusamy , Ashokkumar Kaliyaperumal , Surya Raj 
Published: March 2024

Studies were carried out on the prevalence of sucking pests in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) during 2013-2015 in ten fixed plots, at five different localities in Idukki District, Kerala, located within a radius of 25 km from the meteorological observatory of the Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara. The incidence of Liothrips karnyi was noticed from January to June and declined thereafter up to November. From January to May, the highest Lepidosaphes piperis population was observed, which was positively connected to maximum temperature and sunshine hours and negatively related to morning relative humidity and rainfall. Ferrisia virgata was prominent from January to April, and it was significantly and favourably related to sunshine hours while being adversely related to morning relative humidity. Weather conditions were responsible for 49–71%, 51%, and 34%–47% of thrips, scales, and mealybug incidences, respectively. As a result, meteorological conditions had a substantial impact on the location and quantity of sucking pest populations on black pepper.
Bio-Efficacy of Fusarium humuli and Fusarium incarnatum (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae) Against Larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Nkuwi Emmanuel Itambu , Rwegasira Gration Mutashoberwa , Chilagane Luseko Amos 
Published: March 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda has impaired the productivity of staple crops in Tanzania since it was first reported in 2017. The overutilization of synthetic insecticides as an immediate remedy has led to new ecological problems along effects on public health. Using entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) is perceived as a safer way, and therefore, Fusarium incarnatum (Vw3) and Fusarium humuli (Vw5) from the SUA germplasm collection were tested against S. frugiperda larvae at levelled concentrations; C1, C2 and C3 alongside 0.1% Triton X-100 and Banophos 720 EC (20 ml/20 L) as negative (C-) and positive (C+) controls, respectively. The findings showed C+ inflicted the highest death rates (84% and 97% for Vw3 and Vw5, respectively), followed by C1 (48.8% and 55.5% for Vw3 and Vw5, respectively) and C2 (22.2%, 28.8% for Vw3 and Vw5, respectively). Moreover, C3 inflicted mortalities by 11.1% and 12.2% for Vw3 and Vw5 respectively, while C- inflicted mortalities by 7.7% and 1.1% for Vw3 and Vw5, respectively. Significant differences were observed in concentrations and ages of the insects. However, more studies are recommended to validate their safety and compatibility with other IPM components prior to qualifying the EPF for the control of S. frugiperda.
Evaluation of effective bacterial isolates for their plant growth promoting (PGP) activities in chickpea
Authors: Kumar Sonal , Tiwari T K S , Nirmalkar V K 
Published: March 2024

Chickpea is mainly used for human consumption; a small proportion forms part of animal and poultry feed. Chickpea growing area contributes about 30 % of total pulse acreage and about 40 % of the total pulse production of the country. Inoculation with bacterial isolates revealed that germination percentage in all the treatments, including control, exhibited 100 per cent in vitro. After 96 hours of incubation, maximum root length (cm) was recorded in isolate BI 43 (3.43) followed by BI 31 (3.33), BI 78 (3.27), BI 68 (3.23), BI 36 (2.75), which were statistically at par with themselves.
Field management practices and altitudes drive the abundance of ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in cultivated cucurbit crops in Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors: Kibulei Ernest , Kabota Sija , Kudra Abdul 
Published: March 2024

Ladybird beetles are helpful insects in agricultural ecosystems affected by locally accepted agroecological techniques. Conventional farming practices are known to harm these insects, which led to the exploration of agroecology as an alternative. From May to November 2021, yellow pan traps, hand picking, and hand netting were utilised in cultivated cucurbits such as Cucumis sativus, Citrullus lanatus, and Cucurbita moschata. The study found 222 ladybird beetles from nine genera and twelve species. The plateau had 64.9% ladybirds, 46.4% in conventional fields, and 18.47% in agroecological fields. Mountain fields supplied 35.1%, conventional fields 24.77%, and agroecological fields 10.36%. Conventional plateau fields favoured Cheilomenes sulphurea, while agroecological fields selected Hippodamia variegata. Cheilomenes lunata dominated traditional fields in mountainous areas and agroecological fields. Ladybird beetles were more abundant in conventional fields across all seasons and agroecological zones, which were influenced by seasons, management strategies, and elevations. The present study found negative associations between ladybird abundance and maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean temperature, number of flowers, and relative humidity. Mountainous precipitation increased ladybird abundance. This study shows how management practises, agroecological zones, and seasons affect ladybird populations, which can inform pest management strategies in agricultural systems and help conserve beneficial ladybird beetles.
AN ANALYSIS OF USING CODE MIXING FOUND IN INDONESIAN TRANSLATION ORGANIZATION MAGAZINE
Authors: I Made Juliarta  
Published: March 2024

This study analyzed about the types of code mixing found in the Indonesian Translator organization magazine. The study analyzed about the types and levels of code mixing found in the Indonesian magazine. Intra-sentential code mixing is called as the appearance of a phrase, clause, or a sentence boundary in the utterance of someone. This study applied descriptive qualitative method in analyzing data. Indonesian Translation organization magazine is used as the data source in analyzing data. In collecting data, the researcher applied documentation method. This study applied content analysis that focused on analyzing the types of code mixing defined by Hoffman and the levels of code mixing stated by Suwito. Intra sentential code mixing in the form of word and phrase are found in the data source. It can be seen that there were 7 data of intra sentential code mixing in the form of word found in the data source. Moreover, there were 11 data of intra sentential code mixing in the form of phrases that were found in the data source.
Exploring the Value and Potential to Commercialize Underutilized Leafy Vegetables Found in Karbi Anglong District, Assam, India
Authors: Terangpi Hunmili , Maibangsa M. , Baruah N. , Bathari M. , Bharadwaj K. 
Published: March 2024

The present paper deals with the identification, documentation and exploration of diverse underutilized leafy vegetables consumed by the Karbi tribes of Karbi Anglong District, Assam. The NE region of India is the Gateway to India’s richest biodiversity zones important for the genetic resources’ world over. Genetic diversity of such underutilized leafy vegetables is concentrated or common in Northeast India more particularly in Karbi Anglong Hill District of Assam, which is considered to be one of the hotspots of the biodiversity in the world. The Indigenous and underutilized leafy vegetables are a source of livelihood for the local/ethnic communities of the district. In addition to food security these are also a part of culture and tradition for most of the hill tribes. These underutilized leafy vegetables are mostly found in wild forms as non-timber forest products and other natural habitats though some are domesticated and cultivated. The richness of plant diversity is largely due to ecological diversity superimposed with tribal and ethnic diversification, plant usage and religious rituals. The present paper deals with some of the common underutilized leafy vegetables used by the karbi communities. From the survey conducted in different local markets/weekly markets altogether 30 species belonging to 23 families were reported from the study area. These plant species were found to be morphologically different from each other and were found to important in the Karbi Anglong District of Assam because of their medicinal values and provide economic benefit for the rural poor people. Tabulation has been done according to their Scientific name with families, vernacular name(karbi), plant parts used, common uses, mode of propagation, ITK’s. etc. These plant species are used as vegetables which are having higher nutritional properties than commonly cultivated vegetables. Underutilized leafy vegetables and wild edible plants constitute an essential part in variation of diet and bring nutritional security and act as cheap source of healthcare component among ethnic communities. Therefore, there is a need for conducting systematic studies and research-based information on these plant species so as to establish them as economically viable crop. Domestication and bringing into cultivation is the need of the hour for promotion of these herbs beyond their confined locality. Studies on adaptability of these plant species in different environment are also important for their promotion as commercial crop.
Size and Shape Dependence of Organo‐Interconnected Silsesquioxanes through Hydrolysis‐Condensation Reaction Conditions: Nanotubes, Spheres and Films
Authors: Pichon B. P. , Wong Chi Man M. , Dieudonné P. , Bantignies J.‐L. , Bied C. , Sauvajol J.‐L. , Moreau J. J. E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA tris‐silylated urea‐based compound, 1,3,5‐tris(triethoxysilylpropylureido)benzene has been synthesized. Hybrids materials with different shapes (films, spheres and tubes) are obtained upon base‐catalyzed hydrolytic condensation of this compound. A self‐templating process is demonstrated using electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (SAXS and WAXS) techniques. We show the formation of nanometer size hollow tubes according to the size of the self‐templating crystalline precursor. The possibility for this self‐templating to occur is due to a favored dissolution of the self‐assembled molecules of the precursor in a preferential direction parallel to the cross‐section of the crystals.
Blue Electroluminescence Enhancement of Poly{2,7‐(9,9′‐dioctylfluorene)‐co‐4‐diphenylamino‐4′‐bipenylmethylsulfide} Incorporating Side‐Chain‐Tethered Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Hsu S.‐L. , Chou C.‐H. , Chen C.‐P. , Wei K.‐H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThrough in situ reduction of a gold precursor, we have tethered gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to the side chains of poly{2,7‐(9,9′‐dioctylfluorene)‐co‐4‐diphenylamino‐4′‐bipenylmethylsulfide} (PF‐DBMS) through its ArSCH3 anchor groups. The presence of 1 wt % of the tethered Au NPs led to a reduction in the degree of aggregation of the polymer chains, resulting in a 50 % increase in its quantum yield. The electroluminescence of a 1 wt % Au/PF‐DBMS device was almost four times higher in terms of its maximum brightness and its full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum emission peak was much narrower than that of a pure PF‐DBMS device; the presence of a small amount of Au NPs significantly enhances the electron injection and transport and suppresses the photo‐oxidation of PF‐DBMS.
Novel Solid Acid Catalysts: Sulfonic Acid Group‐Functionalized Mesostructured Polymers
Authors: Xing R. , Liu N. , Liu Y. , Wu H. , Jiang Y. , Chen L. , He M. , Wu P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractNovel solid acid catalysts have been prepared from Fudan University (FDU)‐type mesoporous polymers with the Ia

d and P6mm mesostructures through a carefully controlled sulfonation procedure. Various techniques have been adopted to characterize throughout their structures, porosity, acidity as well as the information related to the sulfonic acid groups. The sulfonic acid group‐functionalized mesopolymers prove to be efficient heterogeneous catalysts in the reactions such as liquid‐phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime and condensation of ethylene glycol with the aldehydes having different molecular sizes.
Re‐endothelialization of Human Umbilical Arteries Treated with Polyelectrolyte Multilayers: A Tool for Damaged Vessel Replacement
Authors: Kerdjoudj H. , Boura C. , Moby V. , Montagne K. , Schaaf P. , Voegel J.‐C. , Stoltz J.‐F. , Menu P. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe use of cryopreserved arteries for vascular tissue engineering provides a promising way for vessel replacement. Unfortunately cryopreservation induces structural changes that strongly modify the mechanical properties and alter the thrombogenicity of the vessel after implantation. We present here a new procedure to treat the inner coating of cryopreserved arteries with poly(sodium‐4‐styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polyelectrolyte multilayers. We show that this treatment improves the mechanical properties of the cryopreserved vessel. It also allows the adhesion and spreading of endothelial cells so that the internal structure of the vessel closely resembles that of fresh arteries. Finally, we verify by PECAM‐1 and von‐Willebrand‐factor (vWF) expression that this treatment preserves the phenotype of the endothelial cells. This study should open new routes towards the development of future, new biocompatible tissue substitutes allowing long‐term functionality after implantation.
Transparent Zeolite–Polymer Hybrid Materials with Adaptable Properties
Authors: Suárez S. , Devaux A. , Bañuelos J. , Bossart O. , Kunzmann A. , Calzaferri G. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe report here on a simple preparation procedure for highly transparent zeolite‐polymer hybrid materials and polymer covered zeolite L monolayers. Wrapping up zeolites containing, e.g., dye molecules as guest species with alkoxysilane derivatives results in an efficient dispersion of the nano particles into the organic liquid monomer. The following copolymerisation process leads to a hard, insoluble and transparent material containing zeolites. Optical properties such as colour, luminescence, refractive index or photochromism can be adapted by simply changing the type and amount of the guest in the zeolite crystals, while transparency is maintained.
Phase II evaluation of an intensified induction therapy with standard daunomycin and cytarabine followed by high dose cytarabine for adults with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia: A southwest oncology group study (SWOG‐9500)
Authors: Petersdorf Stephen H. , Rankin Cathryn , Head David R. , Terebelo Howard R. , Willman Cheryl L. , Balcerzak Stanley P. , Karnad Anand B. , Dakhil Shaker R. , Appelbaum Frederick R. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractInduction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) usually consists of 7 days of cytarabine at 100–200 mg/m2/day and an anthracycline. Such combinations produce complete response (CR) rates of 60–80% in patients with de novo AML. On the basis of a previous report, suggesting a higher CR rate using a regimen of standard daunomycin and cytarabine followed by 3 days of high‐dose cytarabine (HDAC), 101 eligible patients received this regimen in a phase II trial. Sixty patients [59%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 49–69%] achieved a CR, and 10 patients died of infection during induction. Although cytogenetic risk group affected overall survival (P = 0.0016) and relapse‐free survival (P = 0.0043), it had no impact on CR rate (P = 0.63). Patients received postremission therapy with repetitive courses of alternate day high‐dose cytarabine; this was associated with considerable toxicity and the majority of patients could not receive all of the scheduled postremission therapy. The estimated median survival was 23 months (95% CI 15–34 months), and the estimated probability of surviving 5 years was 34% (95% CI 24–43%). The results of this intensive induction regimen were similar to that seen in previous trials and were not as promising as reported in the previous pilot study. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Post‐transplant outcomes of induction therapy for myeloma: Thalidomide and dexamethasone versus doxorubicin, vincristine, and dexamethasone prior to high‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell support
Authors: Vogl Dan T. , Liu Stephen V. , Chong Elise A. , Luger Selina M. , Porter David L. , Schuster Stephen J. , Tsai Donald E. , Perl Alexander , Loren Alison W. , Goldstein Steven C. , Nasta Sunita D. , Andreadis Charalambos , Mangan Patricia A. , Hummel Kimberly , Siegel Don L. , Glatstein Eli , Stadtmauer Edward A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractHigh‐dose melphalan with autologous stem cell support improves survival as part of initial therapy for myeloma. Previous studies of pre‐transplant induction regimens have compared paraprotein response rates but not long‐term outcomes after transplant. We reviewed the records of all patients with multiple myeloma who received an autologous stem cell transplant at the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center. We compared outcomes for 69 patients who received high‐dose melphalan conditioning after January 1, 2003 as part of initial therapy for myeloma, including 41 patients who received anthracycline‐based induction (VAD or DVD) and 28 patients who received thalidomide and dexamethasone induction. Baseline characteristics in these two groups were not different, though potentially clinically important differences were apparent in assignment to post‐transplant consolidation and maintenance therapy. Despite similar response rates during induction therapy, thalidomide and dexamethasone induction was associated with better progression‐free survival (hazard ratio 0.18, P = 0.011) after transplant. This effect persisted in multivariable regression models including baseline characteristics and post‐transplant treatment. Overall survival was not different between the two groups. These results suggest that the use of thalidomide during induction therapy may lead to improved long‐term outcomes after transplant. Future trials comparing induction therapies should examine progression‐free and overall survival after transplant to confirm this benefit. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) copolymers and its potential as a compatibilizer for amorphous polyamide blends
Authors: Becker D. , Hage E. , Pessan L. A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPoly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) copolymers (MMA‐MA) have been synthesized by solution method, using toluene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The MMA‐MA copolymers were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and titration. It was found that the modified polymerization procedure used in this work was more effective in controlling the molecular weight when adding different amounts of maleic anhydride (MA) than procedures previously used. In spite of the significant difference in reactivity ratios between MMA and MA, up to 50% of the MA added to the reactor was incorporated into the copolymer. The evidences for reactions of the MA groups of the MMA‐MA copolymer with the amine end groups of the amorphous polyamide (aPA) during melt blending was obtained by rheological measurements. In this work, the molecular weight and the content of MA reactive functional groups in the MMA‐MA copolymer were varied independently and its effects on the interaction with aPA were studied. It was observed that a compromise between molecular weight and the level of reactive functional group of the compatibilizer should be sought to improve the compatibilization of the polymer systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007