bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transplanted human photoreceptors transfer cytoplasmic material but not to the recipient mouse retina
Authors: Ho Margaret T. , Kawai Kotoe , Abdo Dhana , Comanita Lacrimioara , Ortin-Martinez Arturo , Ueno Yui , Tsao Emily , Rastgar-Moghadam Azam , Xue Chang , Cui Hong , Wallace Valerie A. , Shoichet Molly S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The discovery of material transfer between transplanted and host mouse photoreceptors has expanded the possibilities for utilizing transplanted photoreceptors as potential vehicles for delivering therapeutic cargo. However, previous research has not directly explored the capacity for human photoreceptors to engage in material transfer, as human photoreceptor transplantation has primarily been investigated in rodent models of late-stage retinal disease, which lack host photoreceptors.

Methods
In this study, we transplanted human stem-cell derived photoreceptors purified from human retinal organoids at different ontological ages (weeks 10, 14, or 20) into mouse models with intact photoreceptors and assessed transfer of human proteins and organelles to mouse photoreceptors.

Results
Unexpectedly, regardless of donor age or mouse recipient background, human photoreceptors did not transfer material in the mouse retina, though a rare subset of donor cells (< 5%) integrated into the mouse photoreceptor cell layer. To investigate the possibility that a species barrier impeded transfer, we used a flow cytometric assay to examine material transfer in vitro. Interestingly, dissociated human photoreceptors transferred fluorescent protein with each other in vitro, yet no transfer was detected in co-cultures of human and mouse photoreceptors, suggesting that material transfer is species specific.

Conclusions
While xenograft models are not a tractable system to study material transfer of human photoreceptors, these findings demonstrate that human retinal organoid-derived photoreceptors are competent donors for material transfer and thus may be useful to treat retinal degenerative disease.
Joint optimization of UAV communication connectivity and obstacle avoidance in urban environments using a double-map approach
Authors: Zhong Weizhi , Wang Xin , Liu Xiang , Lin Zhipeng , Ali Farman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which have the potential to extend cellular services from the ground into the airspace, represent a promising technological advancement. However, the presence of communication coverage black holes among base stations and various obstacles within the aerial domain pose significant challenges to ensuring the safe operation of UAVs. This paper introduces a novel trajectory planning scheme, namely the double-map assisted UAV approach, which leverages deep reinforcement learning to address these challenges. The mission execution time, wireless connectivity, and obstacle avoidance are comprehensively modeled and analyzed in this approach, leading to the derivation of a novel joint optimization function. By utilizing an advanced technique known as dueling double deep Q network (D3QN), the objective function is optimized, while employing a mechanism of prioritized experience replay strengthens the training of effective samples. Furthermore, the connectivity and obstacle information collected by the UAV during flight are utilized to generate a map of radio and environmental data for simulating the flying process, thereby significantly reducing operational costs. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively circumvents obstacles and areas with weak connections during flight, while also considering mission completion time.
The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre-service teachers
Authors: Isbulan Onur , Cam Emre , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of social media has become an important part individuals’ daily lives and is used in many daily life activities, such as social interaction, education, and shopping. However, with the increase in the use of social media, a minority of individuals can experience problematic use (and in extreme cases, ‘social media addiction’). The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of personality traits on social media addiction and the mediating role of social network identity management in this relationship among preservice teachers.

Methods
The data were collected from 275 pre-service teachers at a university in Türkiye. The survey included the Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10), the Social Network Identity Management Scale, the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, and a personal information form.

Results
The findings of the study indicated that there was a relationship between personality traits, social network identity management, and social media addiction. Specifically, neuroticism was positively associated with social media addiction, whereas extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness were negatively associated. The results also indicated that social network identity management mediated the effect of personality traits on social media addiction.

Conclusion
Given that the present investigation was only a preliminary study, further research is needed to examine whether social network identity management is an important determinant in understanding the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction.
Artificial intelligence-based MRI radiomics and radiogenomics in glioma
Authors: Fan Haiqing , Luo Yilin , Gu Fang , Tian Bin , Xiong Yongqin , Wu Guipeng , Nie Xin , Yu Jing , Tong Juan , Liao Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe specific genetic subtypes that gliomas exhibit result in variable clinical courses and the need to involve multidisciplinary teams of neurologists, epileptologists, neurooncologists and neurosurgeons. Currently, the diagnosis of gliomas pivots mainly around the preliminary radiological findings and the subsequent definitive surgical diagnosis (via surgical sampling). Radiomics and radiogenomics present a potential to precisely diagnose and predict survival and treatment responses, via morphological, textural, and functional features derived from MRI data, as well as genomic data. In spite of their advantages, it is still lacking standardized processes of feature extraction and analysis methodology among different research groups, which have made external validations infeasible. Radiomics and radiogenomics can be used to better understand the genomic basis of gliomas, such as tumor spatial heterogeneity, treatment response, molecular classifications and tumor microenvironment immune infiltration. These novel techniques have also been used to predict histological features, grade or even overall survival in gliomas. In this review, workflows of radiomics and radiogenomics are elucidated, with recent research on machine learning or artificial intelligence in glioma.
Blanket bog vegetation response to wildfire and drainage suggests resilience to low severity, infrequent burning
Authors: Andersen Roxane , Fernandez-Garcia Paula , Martin-Walker Alice , Klein Daniela , Marshall Chris , Large David J. , Hughes Robert , Hancock Mark H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In 2019, a wildfire impacted an area of blanket bog and wet heath > 60 km2 in the Flow Country peatlands of northern Scotland, a site of global significance. Unusually the footprint of the wildfire included discrete areas of degraded, restored, and near-natural blanket bogs. Following the wildfire, we surveyed vegetation in 387 quadrats in burnt and unburnt areas. The study aimed to determine whether and how proximity to human-made drains and microtopography affected fire-vegetation interactions and included older wildfire sites and unburnt control sites for context.

Results
Overall, our study suggests that the 2019 Flow Country wildfire caused mostly superficial burning; except in the most degraded area, which burned more severely and where we recorded more profound impacts on the vegetation. We found higher cover of litter, which in turn led to increased localized fire damage in quadrats close to drains compared with quadrats away from the influence of drains. We also found greater fire impacts (e.g., proportions of moss burnt and Sphagnum discoloration) on hummocks, particularly where they were higher relative to the hollows. Overall, vegetation both near and away from drains largely resembled nearby unburnt sites within 20 years.

Conclusions
Overall, our study suggests that the 2019 Flow Country wildfire caused mostly superficial burning, except in the most degraded areas. Vegetation communities of blanket bogs associated with conservation and restoration areas in the region appear to be largely resilient to occasional, low severity wildfires. This implies that management interventions that maintain wet conditions in peatlands have the potential to help reduce the risks of severe wildfires.
Multi-class segmentation skin diseases using improved tuna swarm-based U-EfficientNet
Authors: Rajagopal Manikandan , Ghate Shubhangi N. , P Rajeswari , Ganesh E. N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEarly location of melanoma, a dangerous shape of skin cancer, is basic for patients. Indeed, for master dermatologists, separating between threatening and generous melanoma could be a troublesome errand. Surgical extraction taken after early determination of melanoma is at its way to dispense with the malady that will result in passing. Extraction of generous injuries, on the other hand, will result in expanded dismalness and superfluous wellbeing care costs. Given the complexity and likeness of skin injuries, it can be troublesome to create an accurate determination. The proposed EfficientNet and UNet are combined and arrange to extend division exactness. Also, to decrease data misfortune amid the learning stage, adjusted fish swarm advancement (IMSO) is utilized to fine-tune the U-EfficientNet’s movable parameters. In this paper, a ViT-based design able to classify melanoma versus noncancerous injuries is displayed. On the HAM1000 and ISIC-2018 datasets, the proposed ViT demonstrated accomplished the normal precision of 99.78% and 10.43% FNR with computation time of 134.4632s of ISIC-2018 datasets. The proposed ViT show accomplished the normal exactness of 99.16% and 9.38% FNR in with computation time of 133.4782s of HAM1000 dataset.
Longitudinal Costs of Image-Guided Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Versus Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation: Lessons From Phase III PARCER Trial for Shaping Resource-Stratified Guidelines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Hande Varsha , Ranjan Nilesh , Chopra Supriya , Sinha Shwetabh , Mittal Prachi , Gupta Ankita , Maheshwari Amita , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE The PARCER trial provided level I evidence for image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IG-IMRT) in patients with cervical cancer. Further information regarding long-term financial impact is imperative for adoption into the National Cancer Grid of India cervical cancer resource-stratified guidelines. METHODS Patient data from the PARCER trial were analyzed to evaluate the cost implications of transitioning to IG-IMRT. Lacking differences in outcomes between the three-dimensional conformal radiation (3D-CRT) and IG-IMRT, differences in treatment costs, adverse event incidence, and toxicity management costs were examined. The overall financial impact was estimated by adding the treatment costs, toxicity management, and wage loss. This was extrapolated nationally to determine if a transition to IG-IMRT would be feasible for the Indian health care system. RESULTS Of the 300 patients in the PARCER trial, 93 faced grades ≥2 adverse events (3D-CRT = 59, IG-IMRT = 34). Patients in the 3D-CRT and IG-IMRT arms spent an average of 2.39 years and 1.96 years in toxicity, respectively. The average toxicity management and the yearly financial impact per patient were, respectively, 1.50 and 1.44 times higher for 3D-CRT patients compared with IG-IMRT patients. Extrapolation to the national level showed that treatment with 3D-CRT led to a 2.88 times higher cost ratio when compared with treatment with IG-IMRT. CONCLUSION Although the initial costs of IG-IMRT are high, on the basis of longitudinal data, it is financially inefficient to treat with 3D-CRT. Resource-stratified guidelines should include longitudinal health intervention costs rather than solely initial costs for policy decisions to implement advanced radiation technology.
Information-response inequality in the small noise limit
Authors: Auconi Andrea 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The invariant response was defined from a formulation of the fluctuation-response theorem in the space of probability distributions. An inequality which sets the mutual information as a limiting factor to the invariant response is here derived in the small noise limit based on Stam's isoperimetric inequality. Beyond the small noise limit, numerical violations exclude its general validity, however, a strong distribution bias is observed. Applications to the thermodynamics of feedback control and to estimation theory are discussed.
Age-related Curves of AMH Using the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys Assays in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Barbagallo Federica , van der Ham Kim , Willemsen Sten P , Louwers Yvonne V , Laven Joop S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Several challenges still exist to adopt the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of polycystic ovary morphology, as included in the recently updated international guideline. Although different evaluations of age- and assay-specific reference ranges have been published in the past few years, these studies have mainly been conducted in normo-ovulatory or infertile women.

Objective
To develop an age-specific percentile distribution of AMH in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) measured by 3 different assays.

Design
Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Patients
A total of 2725 women aged 20 to 40 years with PCOS diagnosis were included.

Interventions
Serum AMH measurement by the Gen II (Beckman Coulter), the picoAMH (Ansh Labs), and the Elecsys (Roche) assays.

Main outcome measures
Age-specific percentile curves for all the assays and correlations between AMH, clinical, hormonal, and ultrasound characteristics.

Results
Age-related nomograms for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles of AMH were calculated using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma method for all the assays. AMH levels were significantly different between PCOS phenotypes. AMH levels were positively correlated to LH, LH/FSH ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, free androgen index, mean follicular number, and mean ovarian volume.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting age-specific percentile nomograms of serum AMH levels measured by the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys assays in a large population of women with PCOS. These findings may help to interpret AMH levels in patients with PCOS and facilitate the use of AMH as a diagnostic tool across age ranges.
Cardiometabolic Improvements After Metabolic Surgery and Related Presurgery Factors
Authors: Wang Lei , O’Brien Michael T , Zhang Xinmeng , Chen You , English Wayne J , Williams Brandon , Spann Matthew , Albaugh Vance , Shu Xiao-Ou , Flynn Charles R , Yu Danxia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Metabolic surgery remains the most effective and durable treatment for severe obesity and related metabolic diseases.

Objective
We examined cardiometabolic improvements after metabolic surgery and associated presurgery demographic and clinical factors in a large multiracial cohort.

Methods
Included were 7804 patients (20-79 years) undergoing first-time metabolic surgery at Vanderbilt University Medical Center from 1999 to 2022. Pre- and 1-year postsurgery cardiometabolic profiles were extracted from medical records, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood lipids, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. The 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk was estimated per American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association equations. Pre- to postsurgery cardiometabolic profiles were compared by paired t-test, and associated factors were identified by multivariable linear and logistic regression.

Results
Among 7804 patients, most were women and White, while 1618 were men and 1271 were Black; median age and BMI were 45 years [interquartile range (IQR): 37-53] and 46.4 kg/m2 (IQR: 42.1-52.4). At 1-year postsurgery, patients showed significant decreases in systolic blood pressure (10.5 [95% confidence interval: 10.1, 10.9] mmHg), total cholesterol (13.5 [10.3, 16.7] mg/dL), glucose (13.6 [12.9, 14.4] mg/dL), hemoglobin A1c (1.13% [1.06, 1.20]), and 10-year ASCVD risk (absolute reduction: 1.58% [1.22, 1.94]; relative reduction: 34.4% [29.4, 39.3]); all P &lt; .0001. Older, male, or Black patients showed less reduction in 10-year ASCVD risk and lower odds of diabetes/hypertension/dyslipidemia remission than younger, female, or White patients. Patients with a history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or cardiovascular disease showed less cardiometabolic improvements than those without. Results were similar with or without further adjusting for weight loss and largely sustained at 2-year postsurgery.

Conclusion
Metabolic surgery results in significant cardiometabolic improvements, particularly among younger, female, or White patients and those without comorbidities.
MRI-Based Vertebral Bone Quality Score Can Predict the Imminent New Vertebral Fracture After Vertebral Augmentation
Authors: Cai Jinhui , Han Wen , Yang Tingqian , Ye Haoyi , Jiang Yang , Liu Zhifeng , Liu Qingyu 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The incidence of imminent new vertebral fracture (NVF) is notably high after vertebral augmentation (VA), but accurately assessing the imminent risk of NVF remains a great challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score can predict the risk of imminent NVF after VA within a 2-year period.

METHODS:
A total of 135 patients age 50 years and older who suffered from painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture and treated with VA were enrolled in this retrospective study. Each patient's VBQ scores were calculated from T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and short tau inversion recovery sequences of preoperative lumbar MRI. The clinical factors and VBQ score were integrated to create a predictive model by using the logistic regression algorithm and visualize by nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the nomogram.

RESULTS:
The mean VBQ-T1WI and VBQ-T2WI scores of the NVF group were 4.61 ± 0.55 and 0.89 ± 0.14, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the without NVF group (3.99 ± 0.54 and 0.79 ± 0.12, respectively, P < .001), as well as the VBQ-combined score (0.75 ± 1.30 vs −0.80 ± 1.26, P < .001), which is the combination of VBQ-T1WI and VBQ-T2WI scores. On multivariate analysis, the predictors of imminent NVF included age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.064, 95% CI = 1.009-1.122, P = .022), previous vertebral fracture (OR = 2.089, 95% CI = 0.888-4.915, P = .091), and VBQ-combined score (OR = 2.239, 95% CI = 1.529-3.279, P < .001). The nomogram achieved superior performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.838 (95% CI: 0.773-0.904) in predicting the imminent NVF compared to the clinical factors or VBQ-combined score alone.

CONCLUSION:
The VBQ score obtained from lumbar MRI can be used to assess the VBQ and predict the imminent NVF after VA in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.
Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma Dosing for Healing after Arthroscopic Cuff Repair Compared with Surgery Alone: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: NUNES BERNARDO , MARTINS RICARDO , LINHARES DANIELA , AZEVEDO LUÍS , CANADAS RAPHÄEL , GUTIERRES MANUEL 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used for arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs (aRCR), but no studies have addressed the impact of platelet concentration. The primary aim was to evaluate whether the PRP cell concentration has an effect on tendon healing after aRCR compared with surgery alone. The secondary aim was to assess the functional and pain outcomes.

Materials and Methods
A systematic review was performed with searches in the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane (Central) databases according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Metanalytic procedures were performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and a subgroup analysis was used for studies with target (approximately 106 cells·μL−1) or below-target PRP cellular concentrations (app. 5 × 105 cells·μL−1) regarding the primary outcome of tendon healing.

Results
This review included 10 studies (8 RCTs) with 342 patients in the aRCR + PRP group and 344 patients with isolated aRCR. The risk of bias was low to intermediate (6/4, respectively). Meta-analysis of the RCT revealed that the aRCR + high-concentration PRP group had an approximately 3.9-fold higher chance of healing than the non-PRP group (odds ratio, 3.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.78–8.44; P = 0.0007). No significant difference in healing was found between the aRCR + low-concentration PRP and non-PRP groups (odds ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–7.45; P = 0.2). The Constant–Murley score and University of California Los Angeles scores were significantly improved in the aRCR + PRP groups with more than 12 months of follow-up, and no significant differences were found consistently for the American Shoulder and Elbow Society and visual analog scale scores.

Conclusions
This study highlights that a PRP cell concentration close to the target (106 cells·μL−1) of patients with aRCR may improve their healing and functional outcomes and that dosing may be potentially useful in therapy.