bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the importance of being clear about the level of analysis of interest: An illustration using the case of self‐compassion
Authors: Büchner Anabel , Ewert Christina , Hoffmann Cosma F. A. , Schröder‐Abé Michela , Horstmann Kai T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTheories about within‐person (WP) variation are often tested using between‐person (BP) research, despite the well‐established fact that results may not generalize across levels of analysis. One possible explanation is vague theories that do not specify which level of analysis is of interest. We illustrate such a case using the construct of self‐compassion. The factor structure at the BP level has been highly debated, although the theory is actually concerned with relationships at the WP level.MethodMultilevel confirmatory factor analysis was applied to experience‐sampling data of self‐compassion (N = 213, with n = 4052 measurement occasions).ResultsAt both levels of analysis, evidence for a two‐factor model was found. However, the factors were moderately related at the WP level (r = 0.37, p < 0.001) but largely independent at the BP level (r = 0.04, p = 0.696). Exploratory analyses revealed considerable heterogeneity in the WP relationship among individuals.ConclusionWe discuss how our results provide new impulses to move the debate around self‐compassion forward. Lastly, we outline how the WP level—which is of major interest for self‐compassion and other constructs in psychology—can guide the conceptualization and assessment to promote advancements of the theory and resulting applications.
White spot lesion–related perception of aesthetics and treatment satisfaction among orthodontic patients, orthodontists and other dental specialists
Authors: Huang Xinliang , Qin Danchen , Ngan Peter , Cao Lingyun , Hua Fang , He Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of various degrees of white spot lesions (WSLs) of maxillary anterior teeth on the aesthetic perception and treatment satisfaction among orthodontic patients, orthodontists and other dental specialists and to evaluate the differences among the three groups.MethodsA total of 45 orthodontic patients (OP), 45 orthodontists (OR) and 45 other dental specialists (OS) were recruited. Subjective evaluations of perceived aesthetics and treatment satisfaction were performed towards eight digitally generated photographs of maxillary anterior teeth with incremental degrees of WSLs using a numerical visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 100. Data were collected and analysed with descriptive statistics, repeated one‐way analysis of variance and multivariable generalized estimating equations.ResultsA total of 135 valid questionnaires were collected. Regarding aesthetic scores for WSLs, OP gave more positive scores than OR and OS (p < .05) towards excessive white spot formation without colouration and were more tolerant than OR (p < .05) towards excessive white spot formation with slight colouration. The level of treatment satisfaction for slight to severe WSLs without cavitation was higher in OP than OR. Patients with higher education levels had more negative scores for aesthetic perception and treatment satisfaction (p < .05). Patients who brushed teeth more frequently scored lower in treatment satisfaction (p < .05).ConclusionsOrthodontists were the most critical when evaluating aesthetics and treatment satisfaction for slight to severe WSLs without cavitation. For orthodontic patients, better oral hygiene habits and higher education levels were associated with more critical attitudes towards WSLs.
Pudendal nerve blockade for persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD): A clinical review and case report
Authors: Gyorfi Michael J. , Abd‐Elsayed Alaa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPersistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is a condition characterized by unwanted and potentially painful genital sensations or spontaneous orgasms without stimulation. We present a case of a 55‐year‐old woman with refractory genital arousal disorder that was treated with serial pudendal nerve blocks.CaseRW is a 55‐year‐old woman with chronic pelvic pain, pudendal neuralgia, MDD, SI, GAD, CRPS, and persistent genital arousal disorder for 11 years. Her PGAD was refractory to conservative management, physical therapy, and bilateral clitoral artery embolization. We performed bilateral pudendal nerve blocks with Kenalog and Bupivacaine, which provided almost complete relief for 2–3 months. We performed a bilateral pudendal nerve radiofrequency ablation; however, there was minimal benefit. RW continues to have significant relief with serial pudendal nerve blocks.Summary and ConclusionPersistent genital arousal disorder is often refractory to medication and physical therapy requiring significant intervention such as entrapment surgery or artery embolization. Our case demonstrates pudendal nerve blocks as a potential treatment modality with minimal side effects.
Justice and Housing
Authors: Halliday Daniel , Meyer Marco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article surveys various topics that link questions about housing with considerations of economic justice. Housing has received increasing attention from philosophers within the last decade. In political philosophy, some aspects of a topic attract more attention than others. Presently, philosophical reflection focuses on the value of a home; homelessness; gentrification; segregation; and spatial justice, with a substantial body of literature developing on these interconnected themes. We highlight some of the recent contributions to the field of housing justice while also identifying areas that have received less attention. Specifically, we emphasize the importance of further philosophical exploration into how macroeconomic factors, like fiscal and monetary policy, impact housing justice. Additionally, we advocate for normative approaches that underscore justice issues not readily addressed by frameworks prioritizing human flourishing or relational equality.
The normatively troubling impact of attitudes toward the role of money in politics on external political efficacy
Authors: Haenschen Katherine , Collier Jessica R. , Tedesco John C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe explore whether Americans’ attitudes about the role of money spent on political campaigns and separately their attitudes about the influence of corporations impact their external political efficacy (EE) or perception that the government is responsive to them.MethodsWe conduct three independent sample surveys (total N = 2789) to measure individuals’ attitudes toward the role of money in politics (ARMP), attitudes toward corporations, and EE. We also measure political partisanship to test for moderating effects.ResultsARMP are strongly and positively associated with EE: those who are more favorable of the role money plays in politics view government as more responsive to them. This finding is specific to ARMP and does not extend to corporations, suggesting that public awareness of campaign spending is shaping individuals' views of government responsiveness. We find no evidence that this relationship is moderated by partisanship, despite differing views of money in politics between Democrats and Republicans.ConclusionOur results are normatively troubling and suggest that as campaign spending continues to rise, individuals will increasingly feel that the government is less responsive to their concerns.
All aboard? An analysis of public opinion regarding high‐speed rail
Authors: Johnson Sara , Elliott Euel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveHigh‐speed rail is not well utilized in the United States. This study examines public interest in high‐speed rail and the role the apparent urban–rural political divide may play in its establishment.MethodsData from a sample of 1648 U.S. residents and 515 Texas residents surveyed in Fall 2020 and Spring 2021 were analyzed to determine their likelihood of choosing high‐speed rail if it was available.ResultsResults found that 35 percent of national respondents and 52 percent of Texas respondents indicated they are likely to choose high‐speed rail. Characteristics such as age, education, gender, and political party affiliation had a statistically significant relationship with a respondent's likelihood of choosing high‐speed rail.ConclusionThis analysis indicates an interest in high‐speed rail in both samples. Many of the characteristics of those likely to choose high‐speed rail are consistent with typical early adopters of innovation. Democrats seem more likely to consider high‐speed rail, however identifying as either a Republican or a Democrat resulted in a positive, statistically significant relationship with an interest in high‐speed rail in the Texas sample. While this discussion does appear to have a partisan divide, other characteristics seem to be a strong predictor of interest in high‐speed rail.
Impact of opponents’ race, gender, and party on U.S. congressional fundraising
Authors: Halcoussis Dennis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveA donation for a candidate can be motivated by support for that candidate or by opposition to the candidate's opponent. This study tests the impact that race, gender, and party affiliation of the candidate and the candidate's opponent have on the candidate's fundraising.MethodsThis study uses data from the 2016, 2018, and 2020 U.S. congressional elections to estimate a regression model where the dependent variable is funds raised by each mainstream party candidate, with party, race, and gender of the candidate and the candidate's opponent accounted for in the model, as well as district competitiveness, district economic and demographic characteristics, and whether the seat is open.ResultsFemale Democrats and non‐white male Democrats have a fundraising advantage when running against a white male Republican. Female Republicans or non‐white male Republicans do not have this advantage when running against white male Democrats.ConclusionThe interaction effects of gender and race on fundraising for a candidate and opponent are different depending on party affiliation, and the characteristics of both the candidate and the candidate's opponent must be considered for these effects to be visible.
Complete genome sequence of
Citroniella saccharovorans
DSM 29873, isolated from human fecal sample
Authors: Cheng George , Westerholm Maria , Schnürer Anna 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

A complete genome was recovered from
Citroniella saccharovorans,
strain DSM 29873, using Oxford Nanopore Technologies. The genome assembly contains 1,413,868 bp with 30.23% G+C content. The species belongs to the family
Peptoniphilaceae
and, as of yet, is the only cultivated representative of the genus
Citroniella
.
Hydrodynamic Electronic Transport
Authors: Fritz L. , Scaffidi T. 
Published: March 2024

The “flow” of electric currents and heat in standard metals is diffusive with electronic motion randomized by impurities. However, for ultraclean metals, electrons can flow like water with their flow being described by the equations of hydrodynamics. While theoretically postulated, this situation was highly elusive for decades. In the past decade, several experimental groups have found strong indications for this type of flow, especially in graphene-based devices. In this review, we give an overview of some of the recent key developments, on both the theoretical and experimental sides.
Secondary Analysis of the Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS): Effects of Potassium-Enriched Salt on Cardiac Outcomes
Authors: Yu Jie , Arnott Clare , Li Qiang , Di Tanna Gian Luca , Tian Maoyi , Huang Liping , Yin Xuejun , Zhang Xinyi , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Labarthe Darwin R. , Elliott Paul , Yan Lijing L. , Zhou Bo , Wu Yangfeng , Neal Bruce 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
The SSaSS (Salt Substitute and Stroke Study) has shown that use of a potassium-enriched salt lowers the risk of stroke, total cardiovascular events, and premature death. The effects on cause-specific cardiac outcomes are reported here.

METHODS:
SSaSS was an unblinded, cluster-randomised trial assessing the effects of potassium-enriched salt compared with regular salt among 20 995 Chinese adults with established stroke and older age and uncontrolled hypertension. Post hoc efficacy analyses were performed using an intention-to-treat method and a hierarchical Poisson regression model adjusting for clustering to obtain rate ratios and 95% CIs. We assessed acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death.

RESULTS:

Over a mean 4.74 years follow-up, there were 695 acute coronary syndrome events, 454 heart failure events, 230 arrhythmia events, and 1133 sudden deaths recorded. The rates of events were lower in potassium-enriched salt group for all outcomes but CIs were wide for most: acute coronary syndrome (6.32 versus 7.65 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.65–0.99]); heart failure (9.14 versus 11.32 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.60–1.28]); arrhythmia (4.43 versus 6.20 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.35–0.98]); and sudden death (11.01 versus 11.76 events per 1000 person-years; rate ratio, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82–1.07]; all
P
>0.05 with adjustment for multiple comparisons).

CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that use of potassium-enriched salt is more likely to prevent than cause cardiac disease but the post hoc nature of these analyses precludes definitive conclusions.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02092090.
Links between Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Measured Cognition in Diverse Samples of UK Adults
Authors: Pesta Bryan J. , te Nijenhuis Jan , Fuerst John G. R. , Shibaev Vladimir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the UK, immigrant groups frequently have lower mean socioeconomic status (SES) than do White British, which is a source of concern for the British government. Group-level SES tends to show positive relationships with cognitive ability scores. Thus, the authors estimate the mean cognitive and SES scores of various ethnic groups and test empirically if they correlate. They compute SES and cognitive ability scores using high-quality representative samples of adults. They then computed correlations between the two measures. General SES and group-cognitive ability correlated strongly at r = .59 to r = .79 (N = 18 groups). Finally, the authors computed cognitive scores predicted by the nation or region-of-origin of the ethnic groups and calculated correlations between these expected scores and the measured scores. The predicted and measured scores correlated strongly at r = .93 (N = 16 groups). The authors conclude that ethnic differences in SES are partly linked to differences in cognitive ability.
The Future of Metamodernism
Authors: Sheedy Matt 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper provides a critical examination of Jason Josephson Storm’s Metamodernism: The Future of Theory (2021). While endorsing many of Storm’s positions, I pose a series of questions on several of his ideas. These include clarifications on possible applications of his theory, the various ways in which it makes claims on the study of religion, and, last but not least, questions about the author’s interesting proposal for a critical virtue ethics, which I endorse, albeit with some reservations.
A Kind of Social Theology for the Sake of Humanity
Authors: Singata Silakhe , van Wyngaard Cobus 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this contribution to a review symposium on Jason Storm’s book, Metamodernism, Silakhe Singata and Cobus van Wyngaard explore key aspects of Storm’s proposal on the future of studies in the humanities, relate these aspects to the task of theology when situated as part of the humanities and respond to Storm’s constructive proposal for the humanities by tracing South African and African reflections on rehumanisation.
Possession as Discourse by Other Means
Authors: Singata Silakhe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article is an open exploration of an understanding of colonial and post-colonial spirit possession phenomena as discourse by other means. I begin with Bernhard Leistle’s phenomenological interpretation of demon possession as an entry point to the sort of understanding of possession this article seeks to approximate. From there I turn to Frantz Fanon’s notion of possession as a means of self-explanation, and then follow the way that Zorodzai Dube draws on this insight to develop the notion of demon possession as coded protest. This article does not stake a solid claim on any one of these three different phenomenological takes on possession but employs them to indicate the range of ways in which a phenomenological take on possession can be made. I then turn to two forms of possession the emerge amongst amaXhosa, one originating in the colonial period (amafufunyana), and another after apartheid (amakhosi). This article probes the fact that with these two spirit possession phenomena there is an opting for an interaction with deep structural societal issues that is not political in nature (and is therefore discourse by other means) and invites theological reflection on this.
Trespassers Will Be Charmed on Sight
Authors: Wilson Philip 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, I present an interpretation of violent episodes in the pastoral poetry of the third-century Latin author, Nemesianus. Drawing on comparison to depictions of sexual violence on apotropaic amulets and art, I argue that Nemesianus intended his own poetry to showcase the apotropaic power of pastoral songs and pastoral books. In so doing, Nemesianus continues a tradition of ancient pastoral authors who expended considerable effort to compare their hexameters and themselves to magical spells and practitioners of magic. I conclude with some thoughts on the Good Shepherd motif on sarcophagi roughly contemporary with Nemesianus.
Sikujua’s Writing of Muyaka’s Poetry in Arabic Script
Authors: de Voogt Alex 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Muyaka’s poetry as it is known today was first recorded in the 1890s, mainly written down by Mwalimu Sikujua who used Arabic script as well as an adapted Swahili-Arabic writing system to document the language. Sikujua’s versatility when using the Arabic script as well as his use of variant spellings suggest a writing practice that embraces rather than avoids orthographic variation. His use of diacritics including the shadda and hamza is particularly noteworthy. Muyaka’s poems with their frequent repetitions as well as the writing of the poet’s name feature multiple spellings by Sikujua even when applying the adapted Swahili-Arabic script. Sikujua invented solutions that best approach a Swahili pronunciation but he also displays a detailed understanding and creative use of a wide range of Arabic signs and diacritics. The complexities of writing Swahili with Arabic script benefit from Sikujua’s creativity. It is this versatility and creativity that has been largely ignored and misinterpreted as merely inconsistent in studies where standardization is considered preferable.
Deciphering the Mechanism of Siwu Decoction Inhibiting Liver Metastasis by Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vivo Experimental Validation
Authors: Chu Xuelei , Xie Feiyu , Hou Chengzhi , Zhang Xin , Wang Sijia , Xie Hongting , An Chen , Li Ying , Zhao Leyi , Xue Peng , Zhu Shijie 
Published: March 2024

Background: Siwu Decoction (SWD) is a well-known classical TCM formula that has been shown to be effective as a basis for preventing and reducing liver metastases (LM). However, the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to systematically analyze the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanisms of SWD on LM and validate mechanisms involved. Materials and methods: The active ingredients in SWD were extracted by UHPLC-MS/MS in a latest study. Protox II was retrieved to obtain toxicological parameters to detect safety. Swiss Target Prediction database was exploited to harvest SWD targets. Five databases, Gene Cards, DisGeNET, Drugbank, OMIM, and TTD, were employed to filter pathogenic targets of LM. STRING database was utilized to construct the protein–protein interaction network for therapeutic targets, followed by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. GEPIA database and the Human Protein Atlas were taken to observe the expression of core genes and proteins. ImmuCellAI algorithm was applied to analyze the immune microenvironment and survival relevant to core genes. Molecular docking was performed to verify the affinity of SWD effective ingredients to core targets. In vivo experiments were carried out to validate the anti-LM efficacy of SWD and verify the pivotal mechanisms of action. Results: Eighteen main bioactive phytochemicals identified were all non-hepatotoxic. PPI network acquired 118 therapeutic targets, of which VEGFA, CASP3, STAT3, etc. were identified as core targets. KEGG analysis revealed that HIF-1 pathway and others were critical. After tandem targets and pathways, HIF-1/VEGF was regarded as the greatest potential pathway. VEGFA and HIF-1 were expressed differently in various stages of cancer and normal tissues. There was a negative regulation of immunoreactive cells by VEGFA, which was influential for prognosis. Molecular docking confirmed the tight binding to VEGFA. This study revealed the exact effect of SWD against LM, and identified significant inhibition the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and CD31 in the liver microenvironment. Conclusion: This study clarified the active ingredients of SWD, the therapeutic targets of LM and potential molecular mechanisms. SWD may protect against LM through suppressing HIF-1/VEGF pathway.
Native Aortic Valve Resection Using a Novel Blade-Based Device
Authors: Navarra Emiliano , Bollen Xavier , Zito Francesco , de Kerchove Laurent , El Khoury Gebrine , Parla Astarci 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the use of a new resection device in patient candidates for surgical aortic valve replacement. We evaluated the efficacy of this new circular blade to resect the aortic valve and the efficacy to collect the debris during the resection. Methods: For this study, a single size instrument was used, with an external diameter of 22 mm, and patients were selected on the basis of the preoperative assessment of the aortic diameters. Results: From October 2018 to June 2019, 10 patient candidates for surgical aortic valve replacement were selected to undergo native aortic valve resection using a new device, before surgical valve implantation. The mean age of the patients was 74 ± 7.6 years, and 8 of 10 were male. The mean aortic annulus diameter, measured before the procedure, was 25.7 ± 1.57 mm. The resection was complete in 9 (90%) patients. In 1 patient, due to an imprecise positioning of the device, the valve resection was partial. None of the patients showed signs or symptoms due to debris embolism. In all patients, the postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusions: These preliminary results show that resection of the aortic valve using a circular foldable blade is feasible. This prototype, used during conventional surgery even through a small incision, provided an efficient tool to easily resect the valve without debris release.