bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Performance Helical Milling of Hardened Aisi D2 Cold Work Die Steel
Authors: Silva Tiago Junio , Martins Augusto Moura , Abrão Alexandre Mendes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This work investigates the feasibility of helical milling in producing high quality hoes in hardened AISI D2 cold work die steel (56 HRC). Considering the challenges faced by conventional hard drilling, helical milling emerges as an attractive alternative. The main goal is to investigate the influence of the cutting parameters on the quality of holes produced by helical milling using a ball nose cutter with indexable coated carbide inserts. A series of tests were conducted using the Taguchi methodology and analysis of variance. The following helical milling parameters were evaluated at two levels: cutting speed (vc), axial depth of cut (ap), feed per tooth (fz), tool eccentricity and (e) and cutting direction (up and down milling). The influence of these parameters on the components of helical milling force and hole quality (diameter deviation, circularity, cylindricity, and roughness) was assessed. Cutting power and the morphology of generated chips were also analyzed. The findings indicated that helical milling was capable of producing holes in hardened steel with tighter tolerances (ISO IT7) compared with drilling and roughness of the hole wall as low as Ra = 1.8 µm). Moreover, up milling promoted lower force components, especially in the axial direction. Regarding hole quality, up milling resulted in lower diameter deviation. The axial depth of cut was the most influential factor on surface roughness. The morphological analysis of chips indicated that chips with a lower serrated degree (GS) are associated with lower cutting power, while a higher serrated frequency (f) is related to better surface quality.
Probiotic Bactolac Provides Antidepressant Effect by Increasing BDNF level and Reducing NLRP3 and MC4R Expression Levels, Neuron Damage, Glial Activity and Depression-Like Behaviors in Rats
Authors: Işık Musab , Köse Fadime , Budak Özcan , Özbayer Cansu , Kaya Rumeysa Keleş , Aydın Sevda , Küçük Aleyna Ceren , Demirci Mehmet Arif , Doğanay Songül , Bağcı Cahit 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aim:Chronic stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Bactolac (Lactobacillus plantarum NBIMCC 8767+Streptococcus thermophilus NBIMCC 8258) on chronic stress-induced depression in rats.
Methods:This study was performed in a total of 28 rats, in control (C), stress (S), Bactolac (B), Bactolac+stress (BS) groups (each n=7). Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate depressive behaviors (sucrose preference test, three-chamber sociability test, elevated plus maze test, forced swim test). 5-HT1A, DRD1, ADRA-2A, GABA-A α1, CNR1, NR3C2, NLRP3, MC4R expression levels in hippocampus tissue; NOD1 receptor expression levels in small intestine tissue were determined by RT-PCR method. BDNF levels in hippocampus tissue were determined by elisa kit. Histopathological examinations were performed in cortex and small intestine tissues.
Results:Bactolac treatment reduced depressive-like behaviors (p<0.05), NLRP3 and MC4R expression levels (p<0.05), neurodegeneration, and glial activity, increased BDNF levels. It had no effect on other parameters examined in stressed rats.
Conclusions:Chronic stress decreased the expression levels of 5-HT1A, DRD1, ADRA-2A, GABA-A α1, CNR1, NR3C2, NOD1 and BDNF level; increased the expression levels of NLRP3 and MC4R, caused neurodegeneration and glial activity, ultimately led to depressive effects. Bactolac was effective in reducing depressive effects and may be a natural treatment agent for depression.
Psychodynamic Insights into Treatment-Resistance: A Case Study Exploring Patient-Physician Dynamics and the Impact of Counter-Transference on Adherence to Evidence-Based Practices
Authors: Baur Alexander , Kryzanoski Leslie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Pharmacological resistance poses a significant challenge for individuals with severe recurrent mood or anxiety disorders in the evolving landscape of biological psychiatry. This case report explores the decision-making process physicians undergo when treating patients resistant to traditional therapies, particularly those with underlying personality disorders.
The patient in focus underwent extensive treatment with antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, anxiolytics, and hypnotics. This journey sheds light on the multifaceted nature of treatment resistance, emphasizing the active role of patients in influencing and occasionally sabotaging their treatment.
The report highlights the delicate balance between minor medication adjustments and a departure from established clinical practices. The pivotal role of the patient-physician relationship is emphasized, with a specific focus on identifying and addressing the patient's past feelings of anger towards physicians as a contributing factor.
Failure to recognize this dynamic can result in physician frustration and a sense of helplessness. The exploration also stresses the importance of understanding physician emotions in managing medications for challenging patients.
By uncovering the underlying causes of treatment resistance in this case, the physician's confidence improved, enabling a more beneficial course for the patient. However, a lack of continuity and a weak therapeutic relationship led to treatment failure in this instance.
In conclusion, this case underscores the critical importance of identifying factors contributing to treatment resistance to disrupt the cyclical pattern of medication changes. Both patient and physician emotions significantly influence deviations from clinical practice. The narrative emphasizes the value of psychodynamic understanding in addressing these challenges, facilitating a more comprehensive and effective approach to patient care.
Enhanced and multi-purpose analysis of aeromagnetic anomalies by combining topographic data
Authors: Park Sohyeon , Oh Seokhoon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Tie-lines are used in aeromagnetic surveys to detect measurement errors and compensate for insufficient measurement data in the north-south direction. However, increasing the number of tie-lines to improve the accuracy of interpretation can be very challenging. The aim of this study was to overcome this issue by combining aeromagnetic and related multi-parametric data. Therefore, we generated an aeromagnetic map using simple kriging with local varying means (SK-lvm) based on topographic data correlated with the distribution patterns of the aeromagnetic data. The generated aeromagnetic map achieved reduced uncertainties and increased resolution compared with the conventional aeromagnetic map as a result of the interpolation of the magnetic data, which leveraged the dense distribution of the topographic data points and enabled a clearer analysis of geological structures. Generally, topographic and aeromagnetic data were positively correlated with deviating patterns displayed in some regions; however, all the regions shown were classified into Types 1–4 based on the correlation regression equation. Types 1 and 4 showed positive correlations, while Types 2 and 3 exhibited negative correlations with the following characteristics: Type 2 regions are characterized by high altitude and low magnetic anomalies, while Type 3 regions are characterized by low altitude and high magnetic anomalies. The analysis revealed that Type 2 regions are distributed around high-altitude mountainous areas covered with igneous and sedimentary rocks with low magnetic anomalies, whereas Type 3 regions abound with igneous rocks with high magnetic anomalies and mining sites in low-altitude alluvium or coastal areas. Thus, the proposed aeromagnetic map improved resolution and enhanced the reliability of the interpretation (compared with those of a conventional aeromagnetic map) by combining topographic datasets using SK-lvm to process and interpret the comprehensive aeromagnetic survey data. Moreover, the correlation analysis results for the two datasets are expected to serve as useful reference data for determining the characteristic type of rocks distributed in the study area.
Factors influencing pulmonary hemorrhage in very low-and extremely low-birth-weight infants: a meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Qin-Chuan , Tao Fu-Ying , Li Jing-Yang , Tian Ying-Ying , Liu Bei-Bei , Wang Qian-Qian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Pulmonary hemorrhage is a common complication in preterm infants, especially in very low-and extremely low-birth-weight infants, and has high morbidity and mortality rates. Although some studies have analyzed the epidemiological incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage and related factors, there are discrepancies between the results of these studies due to differences in study populations and study designs. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of the factors affecting pulmonary hemorrhage to provide a reference for early clinical recognition and prevention of pulmonary hemorrhage.
Methods
Systematic searches of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and other databases were performed to extract the results of logistic regression analyses of case-control or cohort studies related to the factors affecting pulmonary hemorrhage in very-low and extremely-low-birth-weight infants. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results
A total of 13 studies were included and 11 influencing factors were screened through quantitative integration. All factors were statistically significant except for hypothermia: birth weight (OR=0.75, 95% CI 0.59-0.97, P=0.03, I2=95%), coagulation disorders (OR=4, 95% CI 1.79-8.93, P<0.01, I2=66%), patent ductus arteriosus (OR=3.52, 95% CI 1.71-7.27, P<0.01, I2=80%), mechanical ventilation (OR=2.94, 95% CI 1.94-4.45, P<0.01, I2=0%), aneaemia (OR=5.15, 95% CI 2.92-9.07, P<0.01, I2=43%), 5-min Apgar score (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.21-2.11, P<0.01, I2=46%), early-onset sepsis (OR=2.71, 95% CI 1.62-4.53, P<0.01, I2=0%), antenatal steroids (OR=0.39, 95% CI 0.21-0.73, P<0.01, I2=25%), preterm birth (OR=1.99, 95% CI 1.34-2.97, P<0.01, I2=47%), and blood product transfusion (OR=6.16, 95% CI 2.15-17.69, P<0.01, I2=0%).
Conclusion
This study revealed the factors affecting pulmonary hemorrhage in very-low and extremely-low-birth-weight infants, and the results of the meta-analysis will be supplemented by a standardized cohort study based on this study.
Trial registration
PROSPERO (CRD42023465025)
A Cross-Fluid Heat Transfer Analysis Using Neural Networks Over Porous Rotating Disk.
Authors: Ullah Fahim , Ashraf Muhammad Bilal , Ro Jong-Suk 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The primary focus of this study is on the heat and mass transfer properties of incompressible cross-fluid flow across a porous rotating disk. The research involves the use of sophisticated mathematical methods, such as similarity transformations and an ANN algorithm (backpropagation Levenberg-Marquardt Scheme), to convert governing partial differential equations into thoroughly non-linear ordinary differential equations. The Nusselt number, the Sherwood number, and the skin friction coefficient are all mathematically calculated for quantitative study. The findings are ensured to be reliable and consistent since the BVP4C method is used for numerical validation. The research is centered on the fluid mechanics and transport phenomena of this intricate system.
SYMPATHIQUE: Image-based tracking of Symptoms and monitoring of Pathogenesis to decompose Quantitative disease resistance in the field
Authors: Anderegg Jonas , Zenkl Radek , Kirchgessner Norbert , Hund Andreas , Walter Achim , McDonald Bruce A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background. Quantitative disease resistance (QR) is a complex, dynamic trait that is most reliably quantified in field-grown crops. Traditional disease assessments offer limited potential to disentangle the contributions of different components to overall QR at critical crop developmental stages. Yet, a better functional understanding of QR could greatly support a more targeted, knowledge-based selection for QR and improve predictions of seasonal epidemics. Image-based approaches together with advanced image processing methodologies recently emerged as valuable tools to standardize relevant disease assessments, increase measurement throughput, and describe diseases along multiple dimensions.
Results. We present a simple, affordable, and easy-to-operate imaging set-up and imaging procedure for in-field acquisition of wheat leaf image sequences. The development of Septoria tritici blotch and leaf rusts was monitored over time via robust methods for symptom detection and segmentation, image registration, symptom tracking, and leaf- and symptom characterization. The average accuracy of the co-registration of images in a time series was approximately 5 pixels (~ 0.15 mm). Leaf-level symptom counts as well as individual symptom property measurements revealed stable patterns over time that were generally in excellent agreement with visual impressions. This provided strong evidence for the robustness of the methodology to variability typically inherent in field data. Contrasting patterns in lesion numbers and lesion expansion dynamics were observed across wheat genotypes. The number of separate infection events and average lesion size contributed to different degrees to overall disease intensity, possibly indicating distinct and complementary mechanisms of QR.
Conclusions. The proposed methodology enables rapid, non-destructive, and reproducible measurement of several key epidemiological parameters under natural field conditions. Such data can support decomposition and functional understanding of QR as well as the parameterization, fine-tuning, and validation of epidemiological models. Details of pathogenesis can translate into specific symptom phenotypes resolvable using time series of high-resolution RGB images, which may improve biological understanding of plant-pathogen interactions as well as interactions in disease complexes.
Characterization of Pre- and Post-treatment Soluble Immune Mediators and the Tumor Microenvironment in NSCLC Patients Receiving PD-1/L1 Inhibitor Monotherapy
Authors: Murata Daiki , Azuma Koichi , Murotani Kenta , Kawahara Akihiko , Nishii Yuuya , Tokito Takaaki , Sasada Tetsuro , Hoshino Tomoaki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the favorable therapeutic efficacy observed with ICI monotherapy, the majority of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients do not respond. Therefore, identifying patients who could optimally benefit from ICI treatment remains a challenge.
Methods
Among 183 patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC who received ICI monotherapy, we analyzed 110 patients whose pre- and post-treatment plasma samples were available. Seventy-three soluble immune mediators were measured at ICI initiation and 6 weeks later. To identify useful biomarkers, we analyzed the association of pre-treatment levels and post-treatment changes of soluble immune mediators with survival of patients. The associations of pre-treatment or on-treatment biomarkers with irAE development, PD-L1 expression, CD8 + TIL density, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were also analyzed.
Results
Pre-treatment biomarkers included 6 immune mediators (CCL13, CCL19, CCL21, CXCL5, CXCL10 and TNFSF13B) whereas on-treatment biomarkers included 8 immune mediators (CCL7, CCL19, CCL23, CCL25, IL-10, IL-32, IL-34 and TNFSF12). IrAE development was associated with post-treatment change in CCL23. PD-L1 expression was associated with the pre-treatment levels of TNFSF13B and the post-treatment change in CCL25. CD8 + TIL density was associated with the pre-treatment CXCL10 level, whereas NLR was correlated with pre-treatment levels of CCL13 and CCL17.
Conclusion
We identified several possible pre-treatment and on-treatment biomarkers in patients with NSCLC who received ICI monotherapy. Some of these biomarkers were associated with other possible predictors, including irAE development, PD-L1 expression, CD8 + TIL density and NLR. Further large-scale studies are needed to establish biomarkers for patients with NSCLC who received ICI monotherapy.
Noninvasive ventilation on reintubation in patients with obesity and hypoxemic respiratory failure following abdominal surgery A post-hoc analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: JABER Samir , Pensier Joris , Futier Emmanuel , Paugam-Burtz Catherine , Seguin Philippe , Ferrandiere Martine , Lasocki Sigismond , Pottecher Julien , Abback Paër-Sélim , Riu Beatrice , Belafia Fouad , Constantin Jean-Michel , Verzilli Daniel , Chanques Gérald , De Jong Audrey , Molinari Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Although noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may reduce reintubation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure following abdominal surgery, this strategy has not been specifically assessed in patients with obesity.
Methods
We conducted a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing NIV delivered via facial mask (inspiratory pressure support level, 5-15cmH2O; positive end-expiratory pressure, 5-10cmH2O; fraction of inspired oxygen titrated to Spo2 ≥ 94%) to standard oxygen-therapy (up to 15 L/min to SpO2 ≥ 94%) among patients with obesity and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure within seven days after abdominal surgery. The primary outcome was reintubation within seven days. Secondary outcomes were invasive ventilation–free days at day 30, Intensive Care Unit (ICU)-acquired pneumonia and 30-day survival.
Results
Among 293 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure following abdominal surgery, 76 (26%) patients had obesity and were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Reintubation rate was significantly lower with NIV (13/42, 31%) than with standard oxygen-therapy (19/34, 56%) within seven days (absolute difference: -25%, 95%Confidence Interval(CI) -49% to -1%, p = 0.03). NIV was associated with significantly more invasive ventilation–free days compared with standard oxygen-therapy (27.1 ± 8.6 vs 22.7 ± 11.1 days; p = 0.02), while fewer patients developed ICU-acquired pneumonia (1/42, 2% vs 6/34, 18%; absolute difference, − 16%; 95%CI, − 31% to − 1%; p = 0.04). The 30-day survival was 98% in the NIV group (41/42) versus 85% in the standard oxygen-therapy (absolute difference, 13%; 95%CI, − 3–28%; p = 0.08).
Conclusions
Among patients with obesity and hypoxemic respiratory failure following abdominal surgery, use of NIV compared with standard oxygen-therapy reduced the risk of reintubation within seven days.
Trial Registration
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01971892
Inclusive health for people with disabilities in Chile: a national health system assessment
Authors: Gatta Danae Rodríguez , Tapia Constanza Piriz , Schmidt Elvira Tagle , Benavides Jimena Luna , Jara Daniel Vivar , Celis Rodrigo Moreno , Carrizo Gonzalo Tobar , Cáceres Judit Vilaró , Heydt Phyllis , Banks Lena Morgon , Kupper Hannah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Globally, one in six people have disabilities. They often experience health inequities and many of them arise from system-level failures. This study aimed to assess the inclusion of people with disabilities in the health system of Chile and define recommendations for improvement based on the evidence. Methods: A health system assessment was conducted between June and November 2023 following the Missing Billion Disability-Inclusive Health Systems Framework and System Level Assessment Toolkit. The assessment was led by the Ministry of Health and conducted by a task team, including organizations of people with disabilities. Mixed methods were used to collect data on nine system-level and service delivery components for a set of 33 indicators, including through a health policy review, systematic review, key informant interviews and a scoping review. Scores were assigned to indicators, components, and the overall health system. With this assessment, key recommendations were developed and agreed upon based on a prioritization analysis of impact and feasibility during workshops. Results: The Chilean health system was assessed to have a low progress towards disability-inclusive health. Among system-level components, intermediate progress has been made in governance, health financing, and data and evidence. However, progress in leadership on disability seems low. Among service delivery components, the accessibility of health facilities and rehabilitation and assistive technology showed the best results. However, there were notable gaps in the autonomy and awareness and ability to afford care by people with disabilities, and the capacity of human resources to support this group. The task team defined priority actions in governance, leadership, and human resources. Conclusions: Short-term actions for the country should involve foundational governance on inclusive health, strengthened leadership of people with disabilities, and mandatory training of healthcare workers to improve healthcare access among this population. Future reassessments should be conducted to monitor and evaluate progress on effective healthcare coverage and health status among people with disabilities.
The C-terminal region of the Plasmodium berghei gamete surface 184-kDa protein Pb184 contributes to fertilization and male gamete binding to the residual body
Authors: Nakayama Kazuhiko , Haraguchi Asako , Hakozaki Jun , Nakamura Sakure , Kusakisako Kodai , Ikadai Hiromi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Malaria is a global health concern, caused by parasites of the Plasmodium genus, which undergo gametogenesis in the midgut of mosquitoes after ingestion of an infected blood meal. The resulting male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote, which differentiates into a motile ookinete. After traversing the midgut epithelium, the ookinete differentiates into an oocyst on the epithelial basal side.
Methods
We investigated membrane proteins with increased gene expression levels from gametes to oocysts in P. berghei, utilizing the PlasmoDB. As a result, 184 kDa membrane protein, Pb184 was selected. After confirming the expression of Pb184 through immunofluorescence staining, we examined whether Pb184 is involved in the fertilization using antibodies targeting the C-terminal region of Pb184 and biotin-labeled C-terminal region peptides of Pb184.
Results
We found that Pb184 is expressed on the surface of male and female gamete, respectively. The antibody inhibited zygote and ookinete formation in vitro. When mosquitoes fed on parasite-infected blood containing the antibody, oocyst formation decreased on the second day after feeding. Synthesized a biotin-labeled peptides matching the C-terminal region of Pb184 bound to the female gamete and the residual body of male gametes, and inhibiting differentiation into ookinetes in the in vitro culture system.
Conclusions
These finding may be useful for the further studying in the fertilization mechanism of Plasmodium protozoa. In addition, there is a potential for their application as future tools to prevent malaria transmission.