bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density‐dependent species interactions modulate alpine treeline shifts
Authors: Zheng Xiangyu , Babst Flurin , Camarero Jesús Julio , Li Xiaoxia , Lu Xiaoming , Gao Shan , Sigdel Shalik Ram , Wang Yafeng , Zhu Haifeng , Liang Eryuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpecies interactions such as facilitation and competition play a crucial role in driving species range shifts. However, density dependence as a key feature of these processes has received little attention in both empirical and modelling studies. Herein, we used a novel, individual‐based treeline model informed by rich in situ observations to quantify the contribution of density‐dependent species interactions to alpine treeline dynamics, an iconic biome boundary recognized as an indicator of global warming. We found that competition and facilitation dominate in dense versus sparse vegetation scenarios respectively. The optimal balance between these two effects was identified at an intermediate vegetation thickness where the treeline elevation was the highest. Furthermore, treeline shift rates decreased sharply with vegetation thickness and the associated transition from positive to negative species interactions. We thus postulate that vegetation density must be considered when modelling species range dynamics to avoid inadequate predictions of its responses to climate warming.
Management of seizures in patients with primary mitochondrial diseases: consensus statement from the InterERNs Mitochondrial Working Group
Authors: Mancuso Michelangelo , Papadopoulou Maria T. , Ng Yi Shiau , Ardissone Anna , Bellusci Marcello , Bertini Enrico , Di Vito Lidia , Evangelista Teresinha , Fons Carmen , Hikmat Omar , Horvath Rita , Klopstock Thomas , Kornblum Cornelia , Lamperti Costanza , Licchetta Laura , Molnar Maria Judit , Varhaug Kristin N. , O'Callaghan Mar , Pressler Ronit M. , Schiff Manuel , Servidei Serenella , Szabo Nora , Gorman Gráinne S. , Cross J Helen , Rahman Shamima 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and purposePrimary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are common inborn errors of energy metabolism, with an estimated prevalence of one in 4300. These disorders typically affect tissues with high energy requirements, including heart, muscle and brain. Epilepsy may be the presenting feature of PMD, can be difficult to treat and often represents a poor prognostic feature. The aim of this study was to develop guidelines and consensus recommendations on safe medication use and seizure management in mitochondrial epilepsy.MethodsA panel of 24 experts in mitochondrial medicine, pharmacology and epilepsy management of adults and/or children and two patient representatives from seven countries was established. Experts were members of five different European Reference Networks, known as the Mito InterERN Working Group. A Delphi technique was used to allow the panellists to consider draft recommendations on safe medication use and seizure management in mitochondrial epilepsy, using two rounds with predetermined levels of agreement.ResultsA high level of consensus was reached regarding the safety of 14 out of all 25 drugs reviewed, resulting in endorsement of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines for seizure management, with some modifications. Exceptions including valproic acid in POLG disease, vigabatrin in patients with γ‐aminobutyric acid transaminase deficiency and topiramate in patients at risk for renal tubular acidosis were highlighted.ConclusionsThese consensus recommendations describe our intent to improve seizure control and reduce the risk of drug‐related adverse events in individuals living with PMD‐related epilepsy.
Updated mutational spectrum and genotype–phenotype correlations in ichthyosis patients with ABCA12 pathogenic variants
Authors: Noda Tatsuhiro , Takeichi Takuya , Tanahashi Kana , Ogawa Yasushi , Takeuchi So , Yoshikawa Takenori , Toriyama Erika , Ashida Miwa , Imakado Sumihisa , Tsuchihashi Hitoshi , Okamoto Takashi , Okuno Yusuke , Ogi Tomoo , Sugiura Kazumitsu , Kubo Akiharu , Muro Yoshinao , Suga Yasushi , Ishida‐Yamamoto Akemi , Akiyama Masashi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) is a genetically heterogeneous condition that can be caused by pathogenic variants in at least 12 genes, including ABCA12. ARCI mainly consists of congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and harlequin ichthyosis (HI). The objective was to determine previously unreported pathogenic variants in ABCA12 and to update genotype–phenotype correlations for patients with pathogenic ABCA12 variants. Pathogenic variants in ABCA12 were detected using Sanger sequencing or a combination of Sanger sequencing and whole‐exome sequencing. To verify the pathogenicity of a previously unreported large deletion and intron variant, cDNA analysis was performed using total RNA extracted from hair roots. Genetic analyses were performed on the patients with CIE, LI, HI and non‐congenital ichthyosis with unusual phenotypes (NIUP), and 11 previously unreported ABCA12 variants were identified. Sequencing of cDNA confirmed the aberrant splicing of the variant ABCA12 in the patients with the previously unreported large deletion and intron variant. Our findings expand the phenotype spectrum of ichthyosis patients with ABCA12 pathogenic variants. The present missense variants in ABCA12 are considered to be heterogenous in pathogenicity, and they lead to varying disease severities in patients with ARCI and non‐congenital ichthyosis with unusual phenotypes (NIUP).
Sanctification of African American Couple Relationships and Relational Forgiveness
Authors: Skipper Antonius D. , Chaney Cassandra D. , Rose Andrew H. , Wiley Richard W. , Wooten Chelsey C. , Myers Curry Tamecia , Lavender‐Bratcher Debra , Moore TJ , Kennedy Jordan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveUsing participant responses from 525 different‐sex married and cohabiting African American couples, we examined the dyadic association between relational sanctification and relational forgiveness.BackgroundReligion has a central role in the lives of many African Americans because it traditionally has been a place of refuge against stressors that disproportionally impact African Americans. However, little is known about how African American couples utilize relational sanctification as a strength.MethodData were collected from African American couples between October 2019 and January 2020 as part of a larger study called the Strong African American Couples Project. Utilizing dyadic panels from Qualtrics, this project specifically targeted African American couples who were cohabiting (n = 233) or married (n = 292) thus, enabling us to analyze a multigroup actor–partner interdependence model.ResultsSignificant actor effects were found between sanctification and individual as well as perceived partner forgiveness in married and cohabiting couple relationships. No significant partner effects were found.ConclusionThese findings highlight the importance of recognizing various aspects of religiosity and spirituality within relationships, especially for African American couples with historically high rates of dissolution and self‐rated religiosity.ImplicationsAs interventionalists work with religious and spiritual African American couples, they need to understand the role that sanctity may have within these partner relationships and the positive impact it can have on relational outcomes.
Primary prophylaxis implementation and long‐term joint outcomes in Swedish haemophilia A patients
Authors: Arvanitakis Alexandros , Jepsen Caroline , Andersson Nadine G , Baghaei Fariba , Astermark Jan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrimary prophylaxis is the gold standard in severe haemophilia A (SHA) but time to escalate the prophylaxis regimen varies.AimAssess prophylaxis implementation and long‐term joint health outcomes in SHA with primary prophylaxis.MethodsAdult male patients born after 1980, with SHA on primary prophylaxis, started before the age of 3 years and second joint bleed, and no history of FVIII inhibitors, were enrolled. Repeated joint‐health examinations were performed with HJHS or HEAD‐US; VERITAS‐PRO assessed adherence.ResultsThirty patients were enrolled with, at inclusion, median age 33.5 years, annualized bleed rate and joint bleed rate 0, and FVIII consumption 4232 IU/kg/year, respectively. The median age was 1.2 years, at prophylaxis start once weekly with a median FVIII dose of 47.7 IU/kg, and 1.7 years, by the time escalation to a final regimen had occurred, with a median infusion frequency of thrice weekly and FVIII dose 41.7 IU/kg, respectively. Older age correlated with later transition to escalated prophylaxis (p < .001). Longer time to escalated prophylaxis correlated to more bleeds (p < .001). Median HJHS increased slowly, reaching 4 at 35–40 years. HJHS at 15–20 years correlated with higher HJHS afterwards. Median total HEAD‐US score was 1 and correlated with HJHS (p < .001). Median VERITAS‐PRO score was 36, indicating good treatment adherence.ConclusionPrimary prophylaxis is effective but does not completely prevent the gradual development of arthropathy in SHA. Joint assessments with HJHS should start at an early age, as they correlate with arthropathy in later life. Prophylaxis escalation should proceed expeditiously to prevent bleeds.
1923 and the legacies of genocide
Authors: Kurt Ümit 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the founding of the Republic and the legacy of the Armenian genocide of 1915 in the subsequent decades by scrutinizing two pivotal facets. The first one revolves around the accumulation of capital by the Turkish state through the sequestration of Armenian properties, and the second one is the appointment of mid‐level Ottoman bureaucrats of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) as new civilian bureaucrats of the Republican regime without accountability for their involvement in the Armenian genocide during wartime. Thus, the article argues that perpetrators of this genocide under the CUP regime ascended to the upper echelons of the bureaucracy during the Republican era.
Effects of h‐BN on the thermal shock and oxidation resistance of SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories
Authors: Zhou Jun , Li Yanjun , Duan Xiaohan , Chen Jin , Jin Endong , Ding Donghai , Xiao Guoqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn order to improve the thermal shock and oxidation resistance of the SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories, SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories incorporating h‐BN were prepared. The effects of h‐BN on mechanical properties, thermal shock, and oxidation resistance of the SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories were investigated. The flexural strength of the SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories was significantly increased with the addition of the h‐BN. Sample with 5 wt.% h‐BN addition exhibited highest flexural strength of 65.8 MPa which is much higher than that (30.8 MPa) of the samples without h‐BN addition. Because of the self‐healing caused by the oxidation, inhibited crystallization of the SiO2, and the toughing mechanism introduce by the plate‐like h‐BN, the thermal shock resistance of the SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories were significantly enhanced by the addition of h‐BN. Moreover, B2O3 produced from oxidation of the h‐BN combing SiO2 formed borosilicate glass inhibiting crystallization of the SiO2, thereby forming a more stable protective layer, consequently, the oxidation resistance of the SiO2‐bonded SiC refractories was enhanced. The enhanced thermal shock and oxidation resistance from addition of the h‐BN have important implications for its high‐temperature applications.
Aluminum nitride‐based ceramics with excellent thermal shock resistances
Authors: Wang Zhongyan , Zou Ji , Cai Shu , Zuo You , Ling Lei , Liang Huayue , Wang Weiming , Lv Xuming , Fu Zhengyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCeramics were susceptible to thermal shock failure. In this work, aluminum nitride‐based ceramics with excellent thermal shock resistance were developed. Thermal shock resistance was evaluated in the temperature range of 1200–1600°C by thermal cycling of 10, 20, 30, and 50 times. The phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the ceramics before and after the thermal shock were investigated. After 50 thermal cycles, the retention rates of the flexural strength and fracture toughness were 81.7% and 113.1%, respectively. The excellent thermal shock resistance was attributed to the combined effects of amorphous grain boundaries that passivate the propagation of microcracks and in‐situ precipitation of nanocrystalline particles during thermal cycles, both of which provide useful guidelines for developing ceramics with better thermal shock resistances.
High expression of NOTCH2 in gastric adenocarcinoma: A novel early diagnostic target
Authors: Li Mei , He Wenting , Wang Furong , Zhang Peng , Zhang Xiaoxia , Li Qinan , Liu Tao , Li Yumin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimNOTCH2 is overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC), and its enhanced activity is significantly correlated with worse tumor characteristics. We aim to analyze the clinicopathologic correlation between NOTCH2 and the molecular typing of GC by immunohistochemistry and by transcriptional sequencing.MethodsIn this immunohistochemical study, we detected NOTCH2, EBER, P53, HER2, MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, and MSH6 and evaluated the association of NOTCH2 with clinical and histopathological features in a large single‐institutional series of gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 488). The correlation was also investigated between immunohistochemical results and survival outcomes.ResultsHigh NOTCH2 expression (2+/3+) was found in 139/488 (27.5%) samples analyzed. NOTCH2 expression was correlated with early stage T1 (P < 0.0001), GC in the fundus (P = 0.0364), and positive P53 status (P = 0.0019). We did not find an association between NOTCH2 and HER2, microsatellite instability, EBER, and overall survival. Through RNA sequencing, it was revealed that NOTCH2 plays an important biological function in the pathogenesis and development of GC.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that NOTCH2 may be a potential diagnostic target for GC due to the fact that its high expression is closely associated with the early stages of cancer.
Population genomics highlights structural variations in local adaptation to saline coastal environments in woolly grape
Authors: Zhang Tianhao , Peng Wenjing , Xiao Hua , Cao Shuo , Chen Zhuyifu , Su Xiangnian , Luo Yuanyuan , Liu Zhongjie , Peng Yanling , Yang Xiping , Jiang Guo‐Feng , Xu Xiaodong , Ma Zhiyao , Zhou Yongfeng 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTStructural variations (SVs) are a feature of plant genomes that has been largely unexplored despite their significant impact on plant phenotypic traits and local adaptation to abiotic and biotic stress. In this study, we employed woolly grape (Vitis retordii), a species native to the tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia with both coastal and inland habitats, as a valuable model for examining the impact of SVs on local adaptation. We assembled a haplotype‐resolved chromosomal reference genome for woolly grape, and conducted population genetic analyses based on whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data from coastal and inland populations. The demographic analyses revealed recent bottlenecks in all populations and asymmetric gene flow from the inland to the coastal population. In total, 1,035 genes associated with plant adaptive regulation for salt stress, radiation, and environmental adaptation were detected underlying local selection by SVs and SNPs in the coastal population, of which 37.29% and 65.26% were detected by SVs and SNPs, respectively. Candidate genes such as FSD2, RGA1, and AAP8 associated with salt tolerance were found to be highly differentiated and selected during the process of local adaptation to coastal habitats in SV regions. Our study highlights the importance of SVs in local adaptation; candidate genes related to salt stress and climatic adaptation to tropical and subtropical environments are important genomic resources for future breeding programs of grapevine and its rootstocks.
CsRAXs negatively regulate leaf size and fruiting ability through auxin glycosylation in cucumber
Authors: Chen Jiacai , Liu Liu , Chen Guangxin , Wang Shaoyun , Liu Ye , Zhang Zeqin , Li Hongfei , Wang Liming , Zhou Zhaoyang , Zhao Jianyu , Zhang Xiaolan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTLeaves are the main photosynthesis organ that directly determines crop yield and biomass. Dissecting the regulatory mechanism of leaf development is crucial for food security and ecosystem turn‐over. Here, we identified the novel function of R2R3‐MYB transcription factors CsRAXs in regulating cucumber leaf size and fruiting ability. Csrax5 single mutant exhibited enlarged leaf size and stem diameter, and Csrax1/2/5 triple mutant displayed further enlargement phenotype. Overexpression of CsRAX1 or CsRAX5 gave rise to smaller leaf and thinner stem. The fruiting ability of Csrax1/2/5 plants was significantly enhanced, while that of CsRAX5 overexpression lines was greatly weakened. Similarly, cell number and free auxin level were elevated in mutant plants while decreased in overexpression lines. Biochemical data indicated that CsRAX1/5 directly promoted the expression of auxin glucosyltransferase gene CsUGT74E2. Therefore, our data suggested that CsRAXs function as repressors for leaf size development by promoting auxin glycosylation to decrease free auxin level and cell division in cucumber. Our findings provide new gene targets for cucumber breeding with increased leaf size and crop yield.
Characterisation of bond between cement paste and steel fibres with different surface roughness using SEM
Authors: Antonova Anna , Eik Marika , Puttonen Jari 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe performance of cementitious composites reinforced with fibres or/and bars depends on the bond strength between inclusion and cementitious matrix. The nature of formation of fibre‐matrix bond is crucial for enhancing the reliability and utilisation of reinforced composites. The research provides a review on the recently published result about the changes in the microstructure of cement matrix surrounding steel fibres with different surface roughness, using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with k‐means clustering algorithm for image segmentation. The debonding pattern of the fibre‐matrix bond after the tensile loading cycles was discussed by observing the amount of adhered cement paste to the pulled out fibre surface with SEM. Therefore, analysis of SEM images enabled to explain the connection between the micro‐scale properties of cement paste and fibre after application of cyclic loading.
The Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA): Measuring the body representation through virtual reality
Authors: Brizzi Giulia , Riva Giuseppe , Romano Daniele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOur physical and psychological well‐being is significantly influenced by how we perceive our body, in addition to our thoughts and emotions associated with it. Dysfunctional body perceptions and attitudes play a key role in the development and maintenance of severe conditions such as eating disorders in both males and females. Given its relevance, some attempts have been made to improve body image assessment methods in terms of perceptual accuracy and body satisfaction taking advantage of technological advances such as virtual reality. However, existing applications have mainly focused on women and clinical conditions. In this study, we presented the Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA), a virtual reality figure rating scale to assess body image in both male and female subjects. We tested BIVRA's ability to measure perceptual accuracy and compared its results with a standardized body satisfaction questionnaire. Additionally, we investigated gender differences. BIVRA was found to be effective in assessing body image. We observed that a perceptually based task successfully captured both low and high levels of body representations, shedding light on the significant gender differences. The association between BIVRA and the body satisfaction questionnaires was moderated by gender, with a stronger association for women. While further validation of BIVRA is needed to fully exploit its potential, our results suggest that the integration of virtual reality into the assessment of body image and related disorders may significantly enhance our understanding of individuals struggling with body image issues and has the potential to advance current methods and techniques.
Competence Drives Interest or Vice Versa? Untangling the Bidirectional Relationships between Creative Self‐Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation for Creativity in Shaping Employee Creativity
Authors: Chen Tingting , Kim Tae‐Yeol , Gong Yaping , Liang Yongyi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch has examined creative self‐efficacy and intrinsic motivation for creativity as important antecedents to employee creativity, but little is known about how the two antecedents influence each other to foster employee creativity. This study proposes two theoretical possibilities. First, by enhancing resilience, creative self‐efficacy can promote intrinsic motivation for creativity, which in turn boosts employee creativity. Task difficulty further strengthens creative self‐efficacy's effect on intrinsic motivation for creativity and employee creativity (via resilience). Second, by fostering creative process engagement, intrinsic motivation for creativity can promote creative self‐efficacy, which in turn boosts employee creativity. Task variability further amplifies the effect of intrinsic motivation for creativity on creative self‐efficacy and employee creativity (via creative process engagement). Results from two experiments and two field studies largely supported the hypothesized relationships. We extend the creativity literature by untangling the interrelationships between creative self‐efficacy and intrinsic motivation for creativity in shaping employee creativity.
Pigeonholes and Johari windows: Rehumanising ethnicity categorisation in health care
Authors: Danquah Adam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCategorisation Can Bring ClarityCategorisation is just what we do in health care. It allows for definitions to be shared, so conditions can be targeted and treatments standardised. It allows for concepts and constructs to become testable objects of research. And, with the increasing push for diversity and inclusion, it allows for disparities to be identified to evidence progress and enable accountability.Categorisation Can Also ConfoundBut could these distinctions be doing as much harm as good? In this article, I review work from the field of inclusive education, focusing particularly on “awarding gaps” and “differential attainment” (i.e. differences in the proportions of degrees with higher grades awarded to some groups of learners compared with others). In doing so, I draw attention to the paradox inherent in empirically studying these topics: increasing recognition of unfairness is dependent on categorising individuals into groups of students, which risks reinforcing negative, reductive associations and alienating those who cannot relate to their designation.Categorisation Requires CareUsing the case of ethnicity categorisation (and mixed ethnicity categories in particular), I use this paper to explore this unwelcome impact of categorisation in more detail. I acknowledge how difficult it would be to overhaul our system of categorisation and finish with thoughts on how we might mitigate its impact in our practice.