bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOLID KARBURISING PROCESS WITH COCONUT SHELL CULTURE MEDIA USED REINSTALLED IN LOW CARBON STEEL PACKING (PACK CARBURIZING PROCESS USING RECYCLING COCONUT SHELL CHARCOAL ON LOW CARBON STEEL HARDENING)
Authors: Wibowo Heri , Soemowidagdo Arianto Leman 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki efisiensi proses karburising pada baja karbon rendah melalui pemakaian arang tempurung kelapa secara berulang sebagai karburiser. Arang tempurung kelapa dengan ukuran 30 mesh digunakan untuk lima kali proses karburising secara berulang. Benda uji dari baja karbon rendah diletakkan dalam kotak karburising dari pipa baja diameter 50 mm tebal dinding 2 mm. Tiap proses karburising padat dilakukan dalam dapur pemanas selama 4 jam. Pengaruh pemakaian arang tempurung kelapa secara berulang pada proses karburising padat dianalisis berdasar hasil uji kekerasan permukaan, case depth dan pengamatan struktur mikro. Case depth optimal setebal 300 urn terbentuk pada proses karburising menggunakan serbuk arang tempurung kelapa yang telah dipakai 2 kali proses. Arang tempurung kelapa masih layak digunakan sampai 4 kali proses karburising dengan kekerasan permukaan masih mencapai 642 VHN. Kata kunci: arang tempurung kalapa, karburising padat, baja karbon rendah
Deriving Treatment Decision Support From Dutch Electronic Health Records by Exploring the Applicability of a Precision Cohort–Based Procedure for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Precision Cohort Study
Authors: Pinho Xavier , Meijer Willemijn , de Graaf Albert 
Published: March 2024

Background
The rapidly increasing availability of medical data in electronic health records (EHRs) may contribute to the concept of learning health systems, allowing for better personalized care. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was chosen as the use case in this study.

Objective
This study aims to explore the applicability of a recently developed patient similarity–based analytics approach based on EHRs as a candidate data analytical decision support tool.

Methods
A previously published precision cohort analytics workflow was adapted for the Dutch primary care setting using EHR data from the Nivel Primary Care Database. The workflow consisted of extracting patient data from the Nivel Primary Care Database to retrospectively generate decision points for treatment change, training a similarity model, generating a precision cohort of the most similar patients, and analyzing treatment options. This analysis showed the treatment options that led to a better outcome for the precision cohort in terms of clinical readouts for glycemic control.

Results
Data from 11,490 registered patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were extracted from the database. Treatment-specific filter cohorts of patient groups were generated, and the effect of past treatment choices in these cohorts was assessed separately for glycated hemoglobin and fasting glucose as clinical outcome variables. Precision cohorts were generated for several individual patients from the filter cohorts. Treatment options and outcome analyses were technically well feasible but in general had a lack of statistical power to demonstrate statistical significance for treatment options with better outcomes.

Conclusions
The precision cohort analytics workflow was successfully adapted for the Dutch primary care setting, proving its potential for use as a learning health system component. Although the approach proved technically well feasible, data size limitations need to be overcome before application for clinical decision support becomes realistically possible.
Smartphone-Based Virtual and Augmented Reality Implicit Association Training (VARIAT) for Reducing Implicit Biases Toward Patients Among Health Care Providers: App Development and Pilot Testing
Authors: Shen Jiabin , Clinton Alex J , Penka Jeffrey , Gregory Megan E , Sova Lindsey , Pfeil Sheryl , Patterson Jeremy , Maa Tensing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Implicit bias is as prevalent among health care professionals as among the wider population and is significantly associated with lower health care quality.

Objective
The study goal was to develop and evaluate the preliminary efficacy of an innovative mobile app, VARIAT (Virtual and Augmented Reality Implicit Association Training), to reduce implicit biases among Medicaid providers.

Methods
An interdisciplinary team developed 2 interactive case-based training modules for Medicaid providers focused on implicit bias related to race and socioeconomic status (SES) and sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI), respectively. The simulations combine experiential learning, facilitated debriefing, and game-based educational strategies. Medicaid providers (n=18) participated in this pilot study. Outcomes were measured on 3 domains: training reactions, affective knowledge, and skill-based knowledge related to implicit biases in race/SES or SOGI.

Results
Participants reported high relevance of training to their job for both the race/SES module (mean score 4.75, SD 0.45) and SOGI module (mean score 4.67, SD 0.50). Significant improvement in skill-based knowledge for minimizing health disparities for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer patients was found after training (Cohen d=0.72; 95% CI −1.38 to −0.04).

Conclusions
This study developed an innovative smartphone-based implicit bias training program for Medicaid providers and conducted a pilot evaluation on the user experience and preliminary efficacy. Preliminary evidence showed positive satisfaction and preliminary efficacy of the intervention.
Multivisceral Oncological Resections Involving the Pancreas: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Neuhaus Melina , Friedrichs Juliane , Grilli Maurizio , Ukkat Jörg , Klose Johannes , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Kleeff Jörg , Rebelo Artur 
Published: March 2024

Background
With the continuous advancement of cancer treatments, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of multivisceral oncological pancreatic resections on morbidity, mortality, and long-term survival is currently lacking.

Objective
This manuscript presents the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to summarize the existing evidence concerning the outcomes of multivisceral oncological pancreatic resections across diverse tumor entities.

Methods
We will conduct a systematic search of the PubMed or MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases in strict accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The predefined outcomes encompass postoperative mortality, postoperative morbidity, overall and disease-free survival (1- to 5-year survival rates), the proportion of macroscopically complete (R0) resections (according to the Royal College of Pathologists definition), duration of hospital stay (in days), reoperation rate (%), postoperative complications (covering all complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification), as well as pancreatic fistula, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, and delayed gastric emptying (all according to the definitions of the International Study Group of Pancreas Surgery).

Results
Systematic database searches will begin in July 2024. The completion of the meta-analysis is anticipated by December 2024. Before completion, the literature search will be checked for new publications that must be considered in the context of the work.

Conclusions
The forthcoming findings will provide an up-to-date overview of the feasibility, safety, and oncological efficacy of multivisceral pancreatic resections across diverse tumor entities. This data will serve as a valuable resource for health care professionals and patients to make well-informed clinical decisions.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42023437858; https://tinyurl.com/bde5xmfw

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/54089
Pharmacy Students’ Attitudes Toward Distance Learning After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsahali Saud , Almutairi Salman , Almutairi Salem , Almofadhi Saleh , Anaam Mohammed , Alshammari Mohammed , Abdulsalim Suhaj , Almogbel Yasser 
Published: March 2024

Background
Electronic learning refers to the use of assistive tools in offline and distance learning environments. It allows students to access learning tools and materials anytime and anywhere. However, distance learning courses depend on several factors that affect the quality of learning, which consequently affect students’ preferences in the settings and tools used to deliver educational materials.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate students’ preferences for continuing distance learning after the pandemic and to assess the distance educational environment after the pandemic. It also aimed to identify the factors affecting distance learning and evaluate students’ preferences regarding modes of communication with instructors.

Methods
A web-based survey was used to conduct this cross-sectional study. The target participants of this study were students in the doctor of pharmacy program at Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim, Saudi Arabia. All students enrolled from December 2022 to January 2023 received an invitation with a link to the web-based survey.

Results
The survey was completed by 141 students (58 female students and 83 male students). The research results showed that most students (102/141, 72.3%) did not wish to continue distance education for laboratory courses, and 60.3% (85/141) did not wish to continue taking distance team-based learning after the pandemic. Additionally, 83.7% (118/141) of the students indicated that distance courses were simple. More than half of the participants (79/141, 56%) stated that having a camera on during class negatively impacted their learning, and only 29.1% (41/141) of the students stated that nonvisual communication with their fellow students impacted their learning. A large proportion of students (83/141, 58.9%) reported impairment of social engagement on campus, 44% (62/141) in-person interactions during classes, and 73.7% (104/141) were relieved that their classes were not disrupted.

Conclusions
Similar to all types of education, distance learning is characterized by advantages and disadvantages, as reported by students. Students felt that the course material was intelligible, and the distance course was uncomplicated. Moreover, they expressed relief that their studies were not disrupted. However, they also reported the loss of face-to-face contact during courses as the most significant drawback of distance learning versus face-to-face learning, followed by a lack of social connection on campus.
Diagnóstico de planeación y gestión tributaria en pymes. Una aplicación en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Rojas Lara Mauro Esteban , Martínez Osorio Carolina , Álvarez Valencia Hernán Darío , Farfán Rodríguez Juliana Carolina 
Published: March 2024

Las pymes son consideradas como uno de los principales sectores de la economía por su participación en el mercado y capacidad de generar empleo de manera conjunta, sin embargo, al mismo tiempo constituye uno de los sectores más vulnerables en términos de sostenibilidad, y uno de los principales factores de debilidad es la planeación y gestión tributaria. Este artículo busca presentar una estrategia metodológica para el diagnóstico en pymes sobre la implementación de estrategias de gestión y planeación tributaria a partir de una validación previa en un caso de estudio. Para ello, se aplica una revisión sistemática sobre la literatura, se elabora una guía procedimental previamente valorada en una encuesta como instrumento de diagnóstico para su aplicación en una muestra seleccionada de 59 pymes en el municipio de Caucasia, Antioquia. Como resultado, se evidencian bajos niveles de aplicación efectiva de instrumentos de gestión y planeación tributaria. En el estudio se observó, además, que el 90 % de las pymes no aprovechan beneficios especiales con el régimen zomac aplicable para el municipio, el 31 % de las empresas no distingue entre los conceptos de elusión y evasión y el 16 % de las pymes no sabe cómo actuar en caso de errores tributarios.
Avaliação da metodologia analítica para determinação de arsênio, cádmio e chumbo em amostras de café, segundo os critérios de aceitação do Codex Alimentarius
Authors: Barata-Silva Cristiane , Duque Magalhães Carolina , Aparecida Pereira Renata , Alves Vicentini Neto Santos , Couto Jacob Silvana , Gobbo dos Santos Lisia Maria 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The Codex Alimentarius establishes international standards in the food segments to protect the health of consumers and ensure legal trade practices between countries. INMETRO, on the other hand, provides guidance documents that help laboratories carry out the validation of analytical methodology. These documents are used as a criteria to validate and verify conformity of the methods applied to determine contamination and residues in different products. Objective: To evaluate the validatedanalytical methodology used to determine arsenic, cadmium and lead in samples of roasted coffee powder according to the acceptance criteria recommended in the Codex Alimentarius 27th edition procedure manual. Method: This is an observational study of the descriptive exploratory qualitative type using secondary data base. Results: With the reading of the Codex Alimentarius, the parameters used were established, namely, the minimum application range, the detection limit, the quantification limit, precision and accuracy. Thus, the evaluation of the validated methodology was carried out and it was verified that it is applicable for the analysis of As, Cd and Pb in samples of roasted coffee powder. Conclusions: Current Brazilian legislation aimed at controlling the presence of contaminants in food establishes the maximum tolerated limits for As, Cd and Pb, but does not define which methodologies should be used to verify the presence and concentration of these elements. Therefore, the methodology presented in this study is adequate to control the quality of roasted coffee powder regarding the presence of these inorganic contaminants, thus contributing to the protection and safety of the population.
An Observational Study on Guideline Mediated Prescribing Pattern in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Rama Rao T. , Sravya G. , Akshaya D. , Kaushik T. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Studies on prescribing patterns are useful investigative instruments for figuring out how drugs function in society. Examining the prescription pattern is a crucial part of gauging the ability of medical professionals to choose a medication that will benefit patients to the fullest. The current study goals were to evaluate, using accepted guidelines, the general medicine department's practice of prescribing in accordance with guidelines in a tertiary care hospital and to assess the inclusion of drugs from essential drug list patients with acute decompensated heart failure.
Methodology: Hospital based prospective case observational study was conducted for a period of six months after obtaining the permission from institutional ethical committee. The data was collected and analysed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and necessary statistical testing like chi square test and pearson correlation were performed.
Results and Discussion: Based on the study, the data of total 100 patients (n=100) were evaluated. Gender distribution of data shows high prevalence rate in males. The most commonly high susceptibility of disease age was found in 40-60 in males and females. The maximum number of patients were hospitalized for 6-7 days, hypertension was the most commonly found precipitating factor. Diuretics were prescribed maximum in the prescription. Out of 650 drugs the maximum number of drugs fall under the category of Anti-hypertensives. Most drugs are given through oral route. The American heart association (AHA) guidelines were assessed for drug prescription using IBM SPSS Statistics. It was depicted that most of the prescriptions were in compliance with the guidelines.
Conclusion: The results of our study conclude that prescribing practices were satisfactory according to the American college of cardiology guidelines.
Keywords: Prescribing pattern, Guidelines, Acute heart failure, Anti-hypertensives.
Reservoir properties of effusive rocks of the Muradkhanli field (Azerbaijan)
Authors: Seidov V.M. , Khalilova L.N. , Bayramova I.I. 
Published: March 2024

The presence of oil accumulations in igneous rocks has been known for quite a long time. Geologists estimate that oil reserves in eruptive and weathered metamorphic rocks reach 1 % of the world’s proven oil reserves. At the Shaimskoye field (Western Siberia), oil is found in the weathered granites of the basement. Oil has been found in eruptive rocks in Texas (USA) fields, the most famous of which is the Litton Springs field. Oil is found in metamorphosed shales in the western part of the Los Angeles basin, the porosity of which is caused by the development of cracks in the roof of crystalline shales. Petroleum is extracted from serpentinites in Cuba. Basic igneous rocks contain petroleum at the Ferbro field in Mexico.At the Khukhrinsky gas field, which islocated at the north-western end of the Dnieper-Donets depression, the crystalline basement rocks are oil and gas bearing, from which commercial hydrocarbon inflows have been obtained. In the White Tiger field (Bach Ho), located on the southern shelf of Vietnam, commercial oil accumulations are also found in crystalline basement rocks.
At the Muradkhanli field in Azerbaijan, the industrial accumulation of petroleum belongs to the igneous rocks of the Upper Cretaceous age. The natural oil and gas reservoir of the Muradkhanli field is confined to the erosion zone of the upper part of the section of these rocks.
This work aims to determine the reservoir properties of the rocks of the Muradkhanli deposit, which belong to igneous rocks, in different ways.
The method of estimation of final oil recovery of complex structure reservoirs was proposed for useful capacity and oil recovery of homogeneous media; different variants of the volumetric method were used for reservoirs with complex structures of pore space filling a complex and heterogeneous natural reservoir; values of hydrocarbon reserves of increased and secondary capacity were calculated for the study interval; distributions of oil reserves with right-sided asymmetry, where Mo<Me<X, were presented; it was determined that in effusive cores oil saturation and fluid filtration are caused by tectonic fracturing and cavernousness.
Permeability varies in a wide range: 0.73·10–15—1.31·10–15 m2; the largest specific fraction of crack density is in the range 0—0.1 cm/cm2, the average value is 0.29 cm/cm2, with crack depth they decrease from 0.9 to 0.1 cm/cm2.
The studies have shown that the natural reservoir of oil and gas in the Muradhanli field is associated with the erosion zone of the upper part of the igneous rock section.
vida precária como assinatura biopolítica do estado de exceção
Authors: Kachenski Iverson Custódio 
Published: March 2024

No presente artigo, argumentaremos que há no pensamento da filósofa estadunidense Judith Butler (1956) certa base teórico-metodológica que permite-nos compreender o modus operandi do exercício de violências que recaem sobre determinados corpos. Acreditamos que essas violências são analisadas pela autora como eventos singulares, e que tomam como base os discursos que esquadrinham os corpos como vivíveis ou matáveis. Essa seria, na nossa visão, uma forma trazida por Judith Butler para pensar a relação entre marcadores sociais da violência, abjeção e estado de exceção. Para a realização de nosso intento, resgataremos o entendimento de Giorgio Agamben (1942) e Veena Das (1945) sobre o conceito de assinatura para, em seguida, estabelecermos um diálogo com a noção de Judith Butler sobre os marcadores sociais da violência. Por fim, a partir dessa movimentação teórica, sustentaremos haver uma preocupação filosófica de Judith em diagnosticar criticamente a construção da vida precária como assinatura biopolítica do Estado de Exceção.
Palavras-chave: Biopolítica; Assinatura; Marcadores Sociais; Vida Precária; Estado de Exceção.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Economic Growth and R&D Spending in Czechia, Germany, and Poland
Authors: Kotorov Iouri , Krasylnykova Yuliya , Demel Jaroslav , Blaschke Petr 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The article investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic growth, specifically focusing on research and development (R&D) expenditures in the Czech Republic, Germany, and Poland. The analysis spans the periods preceding, during, and following the pandemic. The central objective of the article is to examine whether the pandemic, considering the implemented restrictions and associated financial aid, influenced the economic growth trajectory and the allocation of resources to research and development in the aforementioned Central European countries. The research utilizes time series data from 2011 to 2022, sourced from Eurostat, to track the evolution of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD). Key indicators under scrutiny included GDP, GERD, and R&D intensity – GERD as a percentage of GDP. A chain index was constructed to facilitate not only cross-country comparisons of these indicators but also an examination of year-to-year changes and an analysis of the growth rate of the GERD indicator. The research findings reveal that that COVID-19 really affected not only the development of the monitored economies but also the R&D area; however, it was not the same in all the monitored countries. The impact of the pandemic can be seen in the decline in GDP in all three countries in 2020, but GERD decreased in only two of them – the Czech Republic and Germany. Poland experienced a significant increase in research and development funding in real terms. Both indicators (GDP and GERD) immediately resumed their growth in 2021 in all analyzed countries. From that it can be concluded that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the GDP and GERD of the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland was not of a long-term nature.
An In-Depth Analysis of Generation Z Selected Motives for Active Tiktok Usage
Authors: Zips Sebastian , Holendová Julie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A significant amount of the existing literature on the motives of Generation Z is rooted in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which social restrictions played a crucial role in communication and interaction with friends and the world. However, since the pandemic is over now, there is a curiosity about the current motivations driving young people to use the TikTok platform. This study involved surveying over 200 participants in Germany and Kazakhstan within the specified age group to explore their motives for using the TikTok platform. The collected data underwent correlation and regression analysis to identify the primary motivators. For active usage, where participants engage in producing and uploading content, the primary motivations include expressing personal creativity, perceiving oneself as an influencer, and the need to try out new things. This research aims to provide contemporary insights into the evolving motivations of young individuals within the post-pandemic landscape.