bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile in situ synthesis and characterization of Fe@Si/zeolite Na composites with magnetic core–shell structures from natural materials for enhanced curcumin loading capacity
Authors: Nasir Munasir , Faaizatunnisa Nuhaa , Ariesta Muhammad Naufal , Rohmawati Lydia , Nurazizah Rifqi Aulia 
Published: April 2024

Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that is used in various traditional medicines. However, its inherent properties, such as its rapid degradation and metabolism, low bioavailability, and short half-life, are serious problems that must be resolved. To this end, a drug carrier incorporating natural magnetic cores in a zeolite framework was developed and applied to the loading of curcumin in ethanol solutions. In this system, curcumin is encapsulated in a zeolite Na (ZNA) magnetic core–shell structure (Fe@Si/ZNA), which can be easily synthesized using an in situ method. Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was carried out from natural materials using a co-precipitation method. Analysis of the prepared magnetic core–shell structures and composites was carried out using vibrating-sample magnetometery, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The cumulative loading of curcumin in the ZNA composite with 9% nanoparticles was found to reach 90.70% with a relatively long half-life of 32.49 min. Stability tests of curcumin loading in the composite showed that adding magnetic particles to the zeolite framework also increased the stability of the composite structure. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies also found that the system follows the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models.
Bayesian plasma model selection for Thomson scattering
Authors: Suazo Betancourt Jean Luis , Grauer Samuel J. , Bak Junhwi , Steinberg Adam M. , Walker Mitchell L. R. 
Published: April 2024

Laser Thomson scattering (LTS) is a measurement technique that can determine electron velocity distribution functions in plasma systems. However, accurately inferring quantities of interest from an LTS signal requires the selection of a plasma physics submodel, and comprehensive uncertainty quantification (UQ) is needed to interpret the results. Automated model selection, parameter estimation, and UQ are particularly challenging for low-density, low-temperature, potentially non-Maxwellian plasmas like those created in space electric propulsion devices. This paper applies Bayesian inference and model selection to a Raman-calibrated LTS diagnostic in the context of such plasmas. Synthetic data are used to explore the performance of the method across signal-to-noise ratios and model fidelity regimes. Plasmas with Maxwellian and non-Maxwellian velocity distributions are well characterized using priors that span a range of accuracy and specificity. The model selection framework is shown to accurately detect the type of plasmas generating the electron velocity distribution submodel for signal-to-noise ratios greater than around 5. In addition, the Bayesian framework validates the widespread use of 95% confidence intervals from least-squares inversion as a conservative estimate of the uncertainty bounds. However, epistemic posterior correlations between the variables diverge between least-squares and Bayesian estimates as the number of variable parameters increases. This divergence demonstrates the need for Bayesian inference in cases where accurate correlations between electron parameters are necessary. Bayesian model selection is then applied to experimental Thomson scattering data collected in a nanosecond pulsed plasma, generated with a discharge voltage of 5 and 10 kV at a neutral argon background pressure of 7 Torr-Ar. The Bayesian maximum a posteriori estimates of the electron temperature and number density are 1.98 and 2.38 eV and 2.6 × 1018 and 2.72 × 1018 m−3, using the Maxwellian and Druyvesteyn submodels, respectively. Furthermore, for this dataset, the model selection criterion indicates strong support for the Maxwellian distribution at 10 kV discharge voltage and no strong preference between Maxwellian and Druyvesteyn distributions at 5 kV. The logarithmic Bayes’ factors for these cases are −35.76 and 1.07, respectively.
MCP-1 and MIP-2 levels during Echinococcus granulosus infections in mice
Authors: Theodorides Y. , Frydas S. , Rallis T. , Adamama-Moraitou K. , Papazahariadou R. , Batzios C. , Conti P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTen BALB/c mice were infected with the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. After the infection, serum was collected at different periods of time and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) were determined. The level of MCP-1 increased from 290±12 pg ml-1 (mean±SD) at day 20 post infection (p.i.), to a maximum of 820±23 pg ml-1 on day 60 p.i., then decreased to 460±12.6 pg ml-1 on day 130 p.i. A second peak was observed at day 150 p.i. In addition, MIP-2 was detectable in serum as late as day 100 p.i. The highest level (100±11 pg ml-1) was observed on day 130 p.i., and decreased thereafter. Serum from noninfected animals (controls) contained no detectable levels of either MCP-1 or MIP-2. However, MCP-1 and MIP-2 appear to be implicated in E. granulosus infections, but their exact role during the disease is under determination.
Prevalence and viability of eggs of Toxocara spp. and Toxascaris leonina in public parks in eastern Spain
Authors: Ruiz de Ybxkáñez M.R. , Garijo M.M. , Alonso F.D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo demonstrate the prevalence of Toxocara spp. and Toxascarisleonina eggs in parks in Murcia city, eastern Spain, a total 644 soil samples were examined from nine parks. More than 67% of parks and 1.24% of soil samples were contamined and the mean egg density per sample was 16.7±20 eggs per 100 g of soil. Over 97% of eggs identified were viable. Only one sample was positive for Toxascaris leonina. The present findings suggest that shady conditions are important for the occurrence and viability of Toxocara spp. and Toxascarisleonina eggs in soil as there were significantly more positive samples in shaded and moist areas compared with open and dry habitats.
Prevalence of species of Toxocara in dogs, cats and red foxes from the Poznan region, Poland
Authors: Luty T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe prevalence of toxocariasis was evaluated for 445 dogs, 105 cats and 92 foxes from the Poznan region during 1997–1998. Forty one cats were infected (39%), 140 dogs (32%) and 15 red foxes (16%). Toxocara canis was found most frequently in puppies up to 3 months old (58%) and T. cati in kittens 4–6 months old (64%). Toxocariasis was much more prevalent amongst adult foxes (14%) than adult dogs (3%). In contrast to cats, female dogs and foxes were less infected than males. The present study suggests that cats may constitute an underestimated risk of transmission of Toxocara spp. to humans and the progressive synatropization of red foxes may also increase the sources of environmental contamination with Toxocara eggs.
Cone-beam consistency conditions for planar trajectories with parallel and perpendicular detectors
Authors: Nguyen Hung , Clackdoyle Rolf , Desbat Laurent 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cone-beam (CB) projections provide a first-order model for x-ray imaging with an area detector. CB consistency conditions (CBCCs), also known as range conditions for the 3D divergent x-ray transform, are equations that express the redundant information in a collection of CB projections. For applications purposes, CBCCs are most suitably expressed in terms of detector coordinates. CBCCs are only known for a few geometrical configurations, which depend on the source and detector trajectories. Here we only consider source trajectories that lie in a plane, and detector orientations that are parallel to the trajectory plane, or perpendicular to it. The parallel detector is stationary, but the vertical detector rotates around the center of the circular trajectory. We unify and generalize the existing known CBCCs for planar trajectories, by creating an intermediate geometry consisting of a parallel, rotating detector, and we develop new CBCCs for this geometry. Our main result is a theorem on CBCCs for a perpendicular detector, which must necessarily move in response to movement of the source. We also provide a theorem for the more difficult situation of a perpendicular detector but without the restriction that the target object be on one side or the other of the trajectory plane. We present a simple numerical simulations for a toy calibration problem to provide an example application of the new CBCCs.
Experimental investigation of some photon interaction parameters of popular restorative dental materials with a non-destructive technique
Authors: Kalecik Sedanur , Yılmaz Demet , Gürol Ali , Özdoğan Alper , Kurucu Yakup 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dental restorative materials are widely used to restore esthetics and function in prosthetic treatments. In this paper, reflection coefficients and effective atomic numbers of some restorative materials (Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), feldspathic porcelain (veneering porcelain on cobalt–chromium alloy as metal framework), lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, zircon core (veneering porcelain on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal), monolithic zirconia, and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic) were measured by using 59.54 keV energy gamma rays emitted from an Am-241 radioactive source. The scattering peaks of the restorative materials were detected using an HPGe detector. The gamma radiation absorption parameters of these materials (MAC, LAC, MFP, and HVL) were also investigated using a ULEGe detector for 59.54 keV photons. It is observed that the largest MAC value is Monolithic zirconia. The material with the highest reflection parameter was found to be PEEK. Of the dental restorative materials investigated, PEEK has the lowest effective atomic number value of 21.650 and Monolithic zirconia has the highest effective atomic number value of 37.841. Effective atomic numbers can be used in non-destructive analysis and medical imaging, as is well known. In addition, the calibration curve obtained can be used in the qualitative analysis of different restorative and implant materials.
Excitation of symmetry-protected vertical modes through arrays of coaxial sub-λ apertures for THz applications
Authors: Dhibi Abdelhak , Boublouh Souhaila , Belkhir Abderrahmane , Mezeghrane Abdelaziz , Alabiad Abdullah , Lucas Grosjean , Bernal Maria-Pilar , Courjal Nadège , Hoblos Ayman , baida Fadi I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We numerically study the excitation of a Symmetry-Protected Vertical Mode (SPVM) within a specific periodic structure of coaxial apertures made in gold. The geometrical parameters are chosen to operate in the THz domain. Contrarily to classical SP modes that correspond to a mode propagating in the direction of periodicity of the structure, here the SP mode consists on the Transverse Electro Magnetic (TEM) guided mode that propagates vertically inside the coaxial aperture along the metal thickness. This feature makes the spectral properties of the excited mode less-sensitive to the spatial extension of the grating allowing thus the design of less-cumbersome devices. We demonstrate that the spectrally localized resonance corresponding to this mode is particularly sensitive to mechanical perturbation (acoustic wave for instance) of the geometry, enabling the design of highly efficient THz modulators operating at λ ≈ 300 μm with a sensitivity as great as 12.4 μm/◦ of the tilt angle of its metal core.
Detailed analysis of the relativistic configuration of Bardeen anisotropic spheres in modified f(G) gravity
Authors: Malik Adnan , Almas Ayesha , Naz Tayyaba , Manzoor Rubab , Bhatti M Z 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate anisotropic compact objects within the framework of f(G) modified theory of gravity. For our present work, we utilize Krori–Barua metrics, i.e., λ(r) = Xr
2 + Y and β(r) = Zr
2. We use some matching conditions of spherically symmetric spacetime with Bardeen’s model as an exterior geometry. Further, we establish some expressions of energy density and pressure components to analyze the stellar configuration of Bardeen compact stars by assuming viable f(G) models. We examine the energy conditions for different stellar structures to verify the viability of our considered models. Moreover, we also investigate some other physical features, such as equilibrium condition, equation of state parameters, adiabatic index, stability analysis, mass function, surface redshift, and compactness factor, respectively. It is worthwhile to mention here for the current study that our stellar structure in the background of Bardeen's model is more viable and stable.
Whole device modeling of the fuze sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch
Authors: Datta I.A.M. , Meier E.T. , Shumlak U. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The FuZE sheared-flow-stabilized Z pinch at Zap Energy is simulated using whole-device modeling employing an axisymmetric resistive magnetohydrodynamic formulation implemented within the discontinuous Galerkin WARPXM framework. Simulations show formation of Z pinches with densities of approximately 1022 m−3 and total DD fusion neutron rate of 107 per µs for approximately 2 µs. Simulation-derived synthetic diagnostics show peak currents and voltages within 10% and total yield within approximately 30% of experiment for similar plasma mass. The simulations provide insight into the plasma dynamics in the experiment and enable a predictive capability for exploring design changes on devices built at Zap Energy.
Behavioral patterns of children during emergency evacuations: a comparative analysis of experimental observations and simulation results
Authors: Chen Liang , Qiao Chen , Zhang Jian , Xie Chuan-Zhi (Thomas) , Tang Tie-Qiao , Chen Yanyan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the behavioral patterns of children during emergency evacuations through a dual approach comprising controlled experimental evacuations within a classroom and computational modeling via a cellular automaton (CA) model. Observations from the experiments reveal several characteristic behaviors among children, including preferences for destinations, the impact of obstacles on their movement, as well as patterns of exit utilization, running and pushing during the evacuation process. Drawing upon these empirical findings, a CA model is developed to encapsulate these observed behaviors. A novel algorithm is introduced within this model to simulate the pushing behavior of children during emergency evacuations. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the capability of the model to replicate the observed behaviors. The simulation results confirm that the model accurately reproduces the child behavior during evacuations. Furthermore, the results indicate that the total evacuation time is directly influenced by both the proportion of children exhibiting pushing behavior and the strength of the pushing force. These insights advance our understanding of child behavior in emergency situations and have significant implications for enhancing public safety.
Characterisation of plastic scintillator paddles and lightweight MWPCs for the MID subsystem of ALICE 3
Authors: Alfaro Ruben , Alvarado Hernández Mauricio , Bencédi Gyula , Cabanillas Noris Juan Carlos , Díaz Maldonado Marco Antonio , Duarte Galvan Carlos , Fernández Téllez Arturo , Gábor Barnaföldi Gergely , Gera Ádám , Grabsky Varlen , Hamar Gergő , Herrera Corral Gerardo , León Monzón Ildefonso , Martínez García Josué , Martínez Hernandez Mario Iván , Muñoz Méndez Jesús Eduardo , Nagy Richárd , Narcio Laveaga Rafael Ángel , Ortiz Antonio , Rodríguez-Cahuantzi Mario , Rojas Torres Solangel , Szollosova Timea , Patiño Salazar Miguel Enrique , Pazarán García Jared , Regules Medel Hector David , Tejeda Muñoz Guillermo , Vargas Torres Paola , Varga Dezső , Vértesi Róbert , Vasquez Beltran Yael Antonio , Vázquez Villamar Carlos Rafael , Yoval Pozos Irandheny 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The ALICE collaboration is proposing a completely new
detector, ALICE 3, for operation during the LHC Runs 5 and 6. One of
the ALICE 3 subsystems is the Muon IDentifier detector (MID), which
has to be optimised to be efficient for the reconstruction of
J/ψ at rest (muons down to p
T ≈ 1.5 GeV/c) for
|η| < 1.3. Given the modest particle flux expected in the MID of
a few Hz/cm2, technologies like plastic scintillator bars
(≈ 1 m length) equipped with wavelength-shifting fibers and
silicon photomultiplier readout, and lightweight Multi-Wire
Proportional Chambers (MWPCs) are under investigation. To this end,
different plastic scintillator paddles and MWPCs were studied at the
CERN T10 test beam facility. This paper reports on the performance
of the scintillator prototypes tested at different beam momenta
(from 0.5 GeV/c up to 6 GeV/c) and positions (horizontal,
vertical, and angular scans). The MWPCs were tested at different
momenta (from 0.5 GeV/c to 10 GeV/c) and beam intensities,
their efficiency and position resolutions were verified beyond the
particle rates expected with the MID in ALICE 3.
Nodes for modes: Nodal honeycomb metamaterial enables a soft robot with multimodal locomotion
Authors: Dikici Yusuf , Daltorio Kathryn , Akkus Ozan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Soft-bodied animals, such as worms and snakes, use many muscles in different ways to traverse unstructured environments and inspire tools for accessing confined spaces. They demonstrate versatility of locomotion which is essential for adaptation to changing terrain conditions. However, replicating such versatility in untethered soft-bodied robots with multimodal locomotion capabilities have been challenging due to complex fabrication processes and limitations of soft body structures to accommodate hardware such as actuators, batteries and circuit boards. Here, we present MetaCrawler, a 3D printed metamaterial soft robot designed for multimodal and omnidirectional locomotion. Our design approach facilitated an easy fabrication process through a discrete assembly of a modular nodal honeycomb lattice with soft and hard components. A crucial benefit of the nodal honeycomb architecture is the ability of its hard components, nodes, to accommodate a distributed actuation system, comprising servomotors, control circuits, and batteries. Enabled by this distributed actuation, MetaCrawler achieves five locomotion modes: peristalsis, sidewinding, sideways translation, turn-in-place, and anguilliform. Demonstrations showcase MetaCrawler’s adaptability in confined channel navigation, vertical traversing, and maze exploration. This soft robotic system holds the potential to offer easy-to-fabricate and accessible solutions for multimodal locomotion in applications such as search and rescue, pipeline inspection, and space missions.
Transient Analysis of LBLOCA with Subsequent Loss of Offsite Power and Loss of All AC Power in VVER-1200 Reactor
Authors: Asaduzzaman  , Hassan Mehedi , Hossain Kabir , Alam Shahinoor , Faruk Mohammad Omar , Rumi K M Jalal Uddin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The generation III+ VVER-1200 (AES-2006) reactor is equipped with improved safety features with component redundancy compared to the previous models. This paper is concerned with the performance of active and passive safety features during the transient of a major beyond design basis accident (BDBA) scenario of the reactor. The study is done considering large break loss of coolant accident (LB LOCA) with loss of offsite power (LOOP) and LB LOCA with loss of all AC power (LOACP) sources namely station blackout (SBO) using VVER-1200 NPP simulator. It was found that the reactor is capable of mitigating such BDBA scenarios by the effectiveness of the active and passive safety systems. Moreover, LB LOCA with LOACP is observed to be more severe compared to LBLOCA with LOOP. This comparative analysis is compatible with IAEA safety guidelines.
Fuzzy Logic Control Solar-Powered Portable Cooling Box
Authors: Qureshi Md. Jasim Uddin , Islam Ariful , Islam Thohidul 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
There are still some areas in the country that are having difficulties receiving uninterrupted electricity for medical aid like vaccines or insulin that require maintenance at certain temperatures. A combination of renewable energy for electricity and portable cooling boxes for medical aid can be a tremendous solution to this problem. In this research, the temperature inside the portable cooling box is kept at 2–16 °C by Peltier units running on solar power. The temperature sensor indicates the inside box’s temperature and the current sensor indicates how much power is being generated. Depending on the variation in solar radiation, the entire system is powered by direct solar or batteries. All data is processed by the Arduino using a fuzzy inference system (FIS). At the end of the process, the prototype project achieved its goal and thus played an important role in providing healthcare resources to marginalized stakeholders.
Hazard Assessment of Rice Husk Ash Generated from Rice Mills in Bangladesh and Way Forward to Overcome or Adopt the Hazards
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Tanvir , Zaman Musarrat , Sakib Sadman , Mahmud S.M. Ikhtiar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rice husk (RH), an agricultural waste, is abundantly available in Bangladesh, where the major agricultural crop is paddy consisting of 73.94 percent of all crops. Bangladesh produced 37.61 million metric tonnes of paddy in 2020-21, among which the volume of rice husk was 7.52 million metric tonnes. These are mainly used for low-value applications such as fuel in the parboiling of the rice mills, where the burning of rice husk produces more than 5 million metric tonnes of rice husk ash (RHA). The disposal in landfills or open fields causes serious environmental and human health hazards due to the low bulk density of RHA. As silicon dioxide (SiO2) has the highest amount of presence in the rice husk ash, long-term exposure can lead to lung cancer, silicosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or tuberculosis. This research primarily focuses on the feasible and cost-effective technology to convert the rice husk ash into environment-friendly valuable products namely amorphous silica, crystalline silica, and porous silica, apart from ash’s usage as construction material, pesticide, or soil improvement material.
Sign Language Word Detection Using LRCN
Authors: Sumon Md. Shaheenur Islam , Ali Muttakee Bin , Bari Samiul , Ohi Ipshita Rahman , Islam Mayisha , Rahman Syed Mahfuzur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sign language is the most effective communication for deaf or hard-of-hearing people. Specialized training is required to understand sign language, and as such, people without disabilities around them cannot communicate effectively. The main objective of this study is to develop a mechanism for streamlining the deep learning model for sign language recognition by utilizing the 30 most prevalent words in our everyday lives. The dataset was designed through 30 ASL (American Sign Language) words consisting of custom-processed video sequences, which consist of 5 subjects and 50 sample videos for each class. The CNN model can be applied to video frames to extract spatial properties. Using CNN’s acquired data, the LSTM model may then predict the action being performed in the video. We present and evaluate the results of two separate datasets—the Pose dataset and the Raw video dataset. The dataset was trained with the Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Network (LRCN) approach. Finally, a test accuracy of 92.66% was reached for the raw dataset, while 93.66% for the pose dataset.