bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging and lung injury repair: A role for bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Mora Ana L. , Rojas Mauricio 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe incidence of lung fibrosis increases with age. Aging is associated with modifications in the intracellular and extracellular environment including alteration of the extracellular matrix, imbalance of the redox state, accumulation of senescent cells and potential alteration of the recruitment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The combination of these senescence‐related alterations in the lung and in bone marrow progenitor cells might be responsible of the higher susceptibility to lung fibrosis in elderly individuals. The understanding of these age related changes must be considered in the rationale for the development of therapeutic interventions to control lung injury and fibrosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 641–647, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Migratory activity of human breast cancer cells is modulated by differential expression of xanthine oxidoreductase
Authors: Fini Mehdi A. , Orchard‐Webb David , Kosmider Beata , Amon Jeremy D. , Kelland Robert , Shibao Gayle , Wright Richard M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractXanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) may exert an important, but poorly defined, role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). Loss of XOR expression was linked to aggressive BC, and recent clinical observations have suggested that decreasing XOR may be functionally linked to BC aggressiveness. The goal of the present investigation was to determine whether the decreased XOR observed in clinically aggressive BC was an intrinsic property of highly invasive mammary epithelial cells (MEC). Expression of XOR was investigated using HC11 mouse MEC, HB4a and MCF‐10A normal human MEC, and several human mammary tumor cells including MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231. Consistent with clinical observations, data shown here revealed high levels of XOR in normal HC11 and MCF‐10A cells that was markedly reduced in highly invasive mammary tumor cells. The contribution of XOR to tumor cell migration in vitro was investigated using MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 cells and clonally selected derivatives of HC11 that exhibit either weak or strong migration in vitro. We observed that over‐expression of an XOR cDNA in MDA‐MB‐231 and in HC11‐C24, both possessing weak XOR expression and high migratory capacity, inhibited their migration in vitro. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of XOR in MCF‐7 and HC11‐C4, both possessing high XOR expression and weak migratory capacity, stimulated their migration in vitro. Further experiments suggested that XOR derived ROS mediated this effect and also modulated COX‐2 and MMP levels and function. These data demonstrate a functional link between XOR expression and MEC migration and suggest a potential role for XOR in suppressing BC pathogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 1008–1026, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An optimization study on microwave irradiated decomposition of phenol in the presence of H2O2
Authors: Prasannakumar Beri Rengaraju , Regupathi Iyyaswami , Murugesan Thanapalan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND Removal of phenol from industrial waste waters involves basic techniques namely extraction, biodegradation, photocatalytic degradation, etc. Among the available processes, the oxidation of phenols using H2O2 is a suitable alternative because of low cost and high oxidizing power. The application of an oxidation process for the decomposition of stable organic compounds in waste water leads to the total degradation of the compounds rather than transferring from one form to another. Since oxidation using Fenton's reagent is more dependent on pH, in this present work it was proposed to use H2O2 coupled with microwave irradiation. The effects of initial phenol concentration, microwave power and the irradiation time on the amount of decomposition were studied.RESULTS: In the present work experiments were conducted to estimate the percentage degradation of phenol for different initial concentrations of phenol (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg L−1), microwave power input (180, 360, 540, 720 and 900 W) for different irradiation times. The kinetics of the degradation process were examined through experimental data and the decomposition rate follows first‐order kinetics. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the design parameters for the present process. The interaction effect between the variables and the effect of interaction on to the responses (percentage decomposition of phenol) of the process was analysed and discussed in detail. The optimum values for the design parameters of the process were evaluated (initial phenol concentration 300 mg L−1, microwave power output 668 W, and microwave irradiation time 60 s, giving phenol degradation 82.39%) through RSM by differential approximation, and were confirmed by experiment.CONCLUSION: The decomposition of phenol was carried out using H2O2 coupled with microwave irradiation for different initial phenol concentrations, microwave power input and irradiation times. The phenol degradation process follows first‐order kinetics. Optimization of the process was carried out through RSM by forming a design matrix using CCD. The optimized conditions were validated using experiments. The information is of value for the scale up of the oxidation process for the removal of phenol from wastewater. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Embryonic erythropoiesis in human yolk sac: Two different compartments for two different processes
Authors: Pereda Jaime , Niimi Gen 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe wall of 12 yolk sacs (YSs) from 17‐ to 50‐day‐old human embryos was examined by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy to identify the ontogeny of embryonic erythropoiesis. Initial formation of blood island with the generation of erythroid and endothelial cells was seen in the mesenchymal layer in embryos aged 17 days. A network of blood vessels containing abundant erythroblasts was identified in the YS walls of embryos aged ∼24 days. At this age, erythroblasts were also identified within the embryo body. Primitive erythroblasts were the only cells present within the embryo and its YS until the end of week 5. These cells first appeared in the mesenchymal vascular plexus of the YS wall, and were then observed in the liver and other tissues of the embryo. At embryonic week 5, two compartments were identified in the YS wall; a mesodermal one in which blood vessels were formed, and an endodermal compartment in which erythrocytes were present within the endodermal vesicles. Erythrocytes were small non‐nucleated cells similar to adult erythrocytes. Transmission electron microscopic observation focused on the endodermal vesicles confirmed the presence of definitive erythrocytes only at such extra vascular location. At this age, there were no definitive erythrocytes detected within the embryo. Erythrocytes started to be identified in embryonic blood vessels from week 7 onward. These findings provide information not previously described about YS erythropoiesis during early human development. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serotonergic, sensory modifications in the apical ganglion during development to metamorphic competence in larvae of the dendronotid nudibranchs Melibe leonina and Tritonia diomedea
Authors: Kempf Stephen C. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe following investigation examines changes in the distance between the right and left dendritic termini arising from the serotonergic sensory neurons found in the apical ganglion of the larval dendronotid nudibranchs, Melibe leonina and Tritonia diomedea. A significant increase in separation, that is different in extent, occurs in both species as they grow from hatching to metamorphic competence. Competent M. leonina larvae exhibit a separation that is about 4.5 times that at hatching, whereas competent larvae of T. diomedea show an increase that is only 1.6times that at hatching. The increase in separation of the lateral, serotonergic, dendritic termini (particularly in M. leonina) may allow the larva to more effectively assess left versus right differences in an as yet unknown sensory stimulus. The serotonergic innervation that arises from the apical ganglion is known to be associated with the muscles and large ciliated cells of the velum. Better right versus left discrimination of sensory stimuli experienced during the pelagic or settling larval phases may allow the larva to more precisely control swimming activities such that the likelihood of successful feeding or settlement behavior is increased. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cloning of two cellulase genes from endophytic Paenibacillus polymyxa GS01 and comparison with cel 44C‐man 26A
Authors: Cho Kye Man , Hong Sun Joo , Math Renukarahya K , Islam Shah Md. Asraful , Kim Jong Ok , Lee Young Han , Kim Hoon , Yun Han Dae 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEndophytic bacteria are acknowledged as a new source of genes, proteins and other biochemical compounds, which are often used in biochemical processes. In this study, Paenibacillus polymyxa GS01 was isolated from the interior of the roots of Korean cultivars of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). Two cellulase genes, cel 5A and cel 5B, were cloned from GS01, and encode 334 aa and 573 aa proteins, respectively. Cel5A and Cel5B each contain a glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GH5) catalytic domain. The molecular mass of Cel5A and Cel5B were estimated to be 33 kDa and 61 kDa, respectively, by CMC‐SDS‐PAGE. When purified from Escherichia coli Cel5A and Cel5B both displayed cellulase activity with pH optima of 7.0 and 6.0, respectively and shared a temperature optimum of 50 °C. Neither enzyme had detectable xylanase, lichenase, or mannase activity, in contrast to the multifunctional Cel44C‐Man26A enzyme of P. polymyxa which displays cellulase, xylanase, lichenase and mannanase activities. However, Cel5A and Cel5B exhibited higher specific cellulase activity than Cel44C‐Man26A (120% and 140%, respectively). Cel5A and Cel5B mutants with alanine substitutions at a conserved glutamic acid in the GH5 domain (Glu 179 of Cel5A and Glu184 of Cel5B) lacked cellulase activity, suggesting that this residue is important for GH5 domain function. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimization of trehalose production by a novel strain Brevibacterium sp. SY361
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Rui , Gu Guanbin , Fang Hongying 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTrehalose production by a novel strain of Brevibacterium sp. SY361 was optimized in submerged fermentation. Different chemical and physical parameters such as carbon and nitrogen sources, inoculum level, initial pH, incubation temperature, aeration and time‐course of fermentation, were studied in order to increase trehalose productivity. An optimal production medium containing 3% (w/v) glucose, 0.9% (v/v) corn steep liquor, 0.5% (w/v) KH2PO4 and 0.4% (w/v) MgSO4·7 H2O was found suitable for trehalose production. An optimal volume of medium in a 500 ml flask was 80 ml. The optimal levels of other parameters were 4.0% (v/v) of inoculum, initial pH of 6.0, incubation temperature of 28–32 °C and time‐course of 60 h. Optimized parameters gave a maximum trehalose of 12.2 mg/ml with a conversion rate of 58.4%. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transcriptional profiling of a mice plague model: insights into interaction between Yersinia pestis and its host
Authors: Liu Haihong , Wang Hong , Qiu Jingfu , Wang Xiaoyi , Guo Zhaobiao , Qiu Yefeng , Zhou Dongsheng , Han Yanping , Du Zongmin , Li Cai , Song Yajun , Yang Ruifu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDespite the importance of pneumonic plague caused by Yersinia pestis, a few is known about the interaction between Y. pestis and its host at the molecular level during the pneumonic plague development. In this study, we employed an intranasally challenged plague model in mice for investigating the kinetics of the disease progression by transcriptional profiling of Y. pestis and mice using qRT‐PCR and microarray, respectively. The increasing transcription of important virulence genes of Y. pestis and of mice genes involving in immune and inflammatory defensive responses, and responses to stimuli, presents an overview of interaction between Y. pestis and mice during development of pneumonic plague. The early and persisting up‐regulation of caf 1, psa A and lcr V in vivo indicated their role in resisting the host innate immune responses. The up‐regulation of fur, ybt A and hms H in vivo reflected the ability of Y. pestis for acquiring iron. The transcription regulators, including pho P, oxy R and omp R, were up‐regulated during plague development, suggesting their roles in interaction between Y. pestis and mice. Many genes encoding cytokines, such as IL2, IL‐1B, CXCL2, CXCL5, CCL20, CD14 and TNFRSF13B, were up‐regulated during the infection, confirming the report that they are important mediators to activate host responses to invading pathogens. The up‐regulation of some genes encoding important virulent factors of Y. pestis and expression alterations of some genes encoding cytokines in the host reflect the interaction between the pathogen and the host, which will help us better understand plague pathogenesis. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Micro‐Raman spectroscopic characterization of a tunable electrochromic device for application in smart windows
Authors: Balaji Subramanian , Albert André‐Sébastien , Djaoued Yahia , Brüning Ralf 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAn asymmetric electrochromic (EC) device based on an active EC tungsten oxide–titanium oxide (WO3–TiO2) layer was constructed. The EC active layer consisted predominantly of monoclinic WO3 nanocrystallites with a minor additional component of hexagonal WO3 and amorphous TiO2. Detailed micro‐Raman spectroscopic studies of the intercalation and deintercalation of lithium in the EC active layer of the EC device as a function of the applied voltage were performed. Three significant structural stages occur upon intercalating Li into the WO3–TiO2 layer when coloration potentials of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 V are applied to the EC device. In the first stage (applied potential of 1.0 V), the m‐Lix WO3 phase is retained. In the second stage, (applied potential of 1.5 and 2.0 V) the m‐Lix WO3 transforms to a tetragonal phase. In the third stage, (applied potential of 3.0 V) the Raman spectrum exhibits no spectral bands, showing that Lix WO3 has attained the highest‐symmetry cubic phase. This phase sequence is confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurement. These phase transitions can be reversed and, upon complete deintercalation, m‐WO3 with traces of h‐WO3 is recovered. Optical transmission studies were performed in conjunction with Raman and XRD studies. A shift of the optical transmittance peak position from 639 to 466 nm and reduction in the width of the transmittance curve with increasing applied potential opens up the possibility of smart window applications for the nanocrystalline WO3‐based EC device. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of trypsin‐hydrolyzed wheat gluten peptide on wheat flour dough
Authors: Kyung‐Koh Bong , Ah‐Song Kyung 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Gluten peptide was prepared by trypsin hydrolysis and characterized by high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis. The effects on non‐frozen and frozen doughs of trypsin‐hydrolyzed gluten peptide (THGP) and its combination with ascorbic acid or KBrO3 were investigated.RESULTS: Molecular analysis of THGP showed a decrease in the high‐molecular‐weight and an increase in the low‐molecular‐weight sodium dodecyl sulfate‐soluble fractions, compared with those of control wheat gluten. The addition of 8% THGP decreased the mixing time and tolerance of the dough, both with and without ascorbic acid or KBrO3. However, the maximum resistance and extensibility of the rested dough containing 8% THGP, with and without ascorbic acid or KBrO3, were not significantly different from those of the control dough. The addition of 8% THGP significantly increased the loaf volume of bread baked from non‐frozen dough when combined with 60 ppm ascorbic acid or 30 ppm KBrO3, but it had a significant effect both with and without ascorbic acid or KBrO3 on frozen‐dough bread. A large difference in volume was observed between breads made with and without THGP at the oven‐spring, rather than at proofing.CONCLUSION: The addition of 8% THGP increased the loaf volume of bread made from freeze‐damaged dough and this effect increased when THGP was combined with 60 ppm ascorbic acid. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma by dual‐modality PET/CT
Authors: Li Jun , Kuehl Hilmar , Grabellus Florian , MÜller Stephan P. , Radunz Sonia , Antoch Gerald , Nadalin Silvio , Broelsch Christoph E. , Gerken Guido , Paul Andreas , Kaiser Gernot M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT in staging hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Materials and MethodsFrom June 2004 to December 2007, patients evaluated for surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma were entered into a prospective database. Dual modality 18F‐FDG PET/CT was performed before surgery. The report was reviewed with comparison to the operative and pathological results in each case for tumour‐node‐metastasis staging.ResultsSeventeen patients (6 women, 11 men) of a median age of 62 years were included in the study. Radical tumour resection was performed on seven patients. Ten patients underwent surgical exploration. The sensitivity of PET/CT in detecting primary tumour was found to be 58.8% (25% in T2 tumour, 70% in T3 tumour, 66.7% in T4 tumour). The sensitivity/specificity of PET/CT in detecting lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were 41.7%/80% and 55.6%/87.5%, respectively. Positive 18F‐FDG uptake in the bile duct was found to be associated with surgical non‐resectability (P = 0.05).ConclusionDual‐modality PET/CT imaging was found to have a high specificity in detection of lymph node and distant metastasis in hilar cholangiocarcinoma, with a limited value in correct judgement of surgical resectability for tumours in stadium UICC I‐III. J. Surg. Oncol. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radio guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) for non‐palpable invasive breast cancer
Authors: Van Esser S. , Hobbelink M. , Van der Ploeg I.M.C. , Mali W.P.Th.M. , Van Diest P.J. , Borel Rinkes I.H.M. , Van Hillegersberg R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundWire guided localization (WGL) for non‐palpable breast cancer is technically difficult and patient unfriendly. Radio guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) takes advantage of the possibility to detect the tumor through the nuclear tracer that is injected directly into the tumor for the sentinel node procedure.MethodsForty patients with 41 invasive breast carcinomas were treated using ROLL. Patients received a dose of 120Mbq 99mTc Nanocolloid intra‐tumorally on the day of surgery or a dose of 370Mbq 99mTc Nanocolloïd intra‐tumorally the prior day. The sentinel node (SN) was located using patent blue and a gamma ray detection probe that was also employed to guide the tumor excision.ResultsIn 31 patients (78%) the invasive tumor was adequately excised. In two cases (5%) a re‐excision was required due to inadequately excised carcinoma in situ and in three patients (7.5%) both the invasive and the in situ tumor were inadequately excised. In 35 patients (88%) the SN was found and removed.ConclusionsThe ROLL procedure seems to be an alternative to WGL in patients with non‐palpable breast carcinoma. To determine the place of ROLL versus WGL in the treatment of non‐palpable breast cancer, a randomized clinical trial is needed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:526–529. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization and identification of saikosaponins in crude extracts from three Bupleurum species using LC‐ESI‐MS
Authors: Huang Hai‐Qiang , Zhang Xi , Lin Min , Shen Yan‐Heng , Yan Shi‐Kai , Zhang Wei‐Dong 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA LC‐diode array detection (DAD)‐ESI‐MS/MS method was established for the online characterization and identification of saikosaponins (SSs) from extracts of roots of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd, B. marginatum var. stenophyllum and B. komarovianum. In ESI‐MS/MS spectra of SSs, [M–H]– ions were subjected to the cleavage of glycosidic bonds and produced Y type ions, which can be used to elucidate the structures of saccharide chains and aglycones. Fragmentation of aglycones provided mass information about their major substitutions. For three structural types of SSs, type III can be easily identified by their fragmentation behaviors; while type I and II often occur as isomers and they can be discriminated by their typical UV absorption data. The only sugar ring‐cross cleavage corresponding to 76 Da took place at a furanose sugar moiety. As a result, more than 75 SSs, including eight novel compounds, were identified or tentatively characterized based on their UV and mass spectra and retention times. The approach established here allows a comprehensive analysis of the SSs in the genus of Bupleurum and will be helpful for quality control of the crude materials and their related preparations.
Monosubstituted positively charged cyclodextrins: Synthesis and applications in chiral separation
Authors: Tang Weihua , Ng Siu Choon 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSeveral series of novel structurally well‐defined positively charged CDs, applicable to α‐, β‐ and γ‐CDs for chiral separation using CE and chromatographic techniques have been developed. The chiral resolution capabilities of different series CDs towards amino acids and anionic analytes in CE are systematically investigated by considering all separation parameters including CD type, alkyl chain length of the cations attached to the CD rim, CD concentration, buffer pH, separation temperature and organic solvent. Typical results are demonstrated in the context. Examples of chiral separation with HPLC and supercritical fluid chromatography are first demonstrated by using coated chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Optimum CD loading content on the coated CSPs was explored in the chiral separation of neutral analytes.
Formation of Wheat‐Protein‐Based Biomaterials through Polymer Grafting and Crosslinking Reactions to Introduce New Functional Properties
Authors: Kurniawan Lusiana , Qiao Greg G. , Zhang Xiaoqing 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAn insoluble wheat proteins‐based polymer networks with new functional groups and positive charges were prepared through grafting‐coupling reactions. The networks were also flexible with a lower glass transition temperature since the existence of the grafted mobile segments. The multi‐component/multi‐phase systems became relatively homogeneous on a scale of 20–30 nm due to strong intermolecular interactions and chemical cross‐linking in the materials. This demonstrates that the grafting‐coupling reaction is an effective methodology to develop biomaterials with modified functional and mechanical properties from proteins.magnified image
Sodium monocarboxylates as inhibitors of AZ31 alloy corrosion in a synthetic cooling water
Authors: Zucchi F. , Grassi V. , Zanotto F. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis research investigated the inhibiting effects that sodium salts of linear monocarboxylic acids displayed towards the corrosion process of AZ31 Mg alloy in ASTM D 1387 saline solution (a synthetic industrial cooling water). The length of the aliphatic chain of the acids ranged between 7 and 15 carbon atoms. The inhibiting action of these salts can be related to the precipitation of an insoluble magnesium salt, which mainly affected the anodic reaction. The aliphatic chain length controlled the anion solubility and the reaction rate of magnesium carboxylate formation. For all the salts, an optimum concentration was experienced: 10−2 M for sodium decanoate (caprate), 10−3 M for sodium dodecanoate (laurate), 10−4 M for sodium tetradecanoate (myristate); when this concentration was exceeded, a diminution (even a disappearance) in the inhibiting action was found.