bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPV16/18 vaccination to prevent cervical cancer in The Netherlands: Model‐based cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Coupé Veerle M.H. , van Ginkel Joost , de Melker Hester E. , Snijders Peter J.F. , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , Berkhof Johannes 
Published: September 2008

AbstractWe evaluated the cost‐effectiveness of HPV16/18 vaccination for girls aged 12 years in The Netherlands in addition to cervical cancer screening. For this purpose, we developed a simulation model that describes the relation between each of the high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types and cervical disease, allowing the occurrence of multiple type‐specific infections. Model parameters were derived from Dutch cohort studies, including a large population‐based screening trial, and from the national cervical cancer registry. The model satisfactorily reproduced Dutch data on HPV infection and the presence of cervical lesions. For our base‐case scenario in which 85% of the girls aged 12 years were vaccinated against types 16/18 (95% efficacy, lifelong protection), the model predicted a decrease of 60% in the number of cervical cancer cases and cervical cancer deaths indicating that substantial health benefits can be achieved. Health savings were robust against changes in the vaccine efficacy (varied from 85% to 98%) but savings showed a substantial reduction when the efficacy started waning 10 years after vaccination. The discounted costs per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) were € 19,500/QALY (range € 11,000 to € 25,000/QALY) and lied near the cost‐effectiveness threshold of € 20,000/QALY used in The Netherlands. The simulations further showed that vaccination cannot replace screening because vaccination without screening was less effective than screening in preventing cancer in women over 40 years of age. In conclusion, our model results support the implementation of HPV16/18 vaccination in young women in addition to cervical cancer screening. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic marker profile to assess risk in stage I–III hormone receptor‐positive breast cancer patients
Authors: Bremer Troy M. , Jacquemier Jocelyne , Charafe‐Jauffret Emmanuelle , Viens Patrice , Birnbaum Daniel , Linke Steven P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractSingle markers are insufficient to accurately assess risk of relapse for adjuvant therapy guidance in operable breast cancer patients. In addition, the accuracy and interpretability of current multi‐marker tests is generally limited by their simply additive algorithms and their overlap with clinicopathologic risks. Here, we report the development and validation of a nonlinear algorithm that combines protein (ER, PGR, ERBB2, BCL2 and TP53) and genomic (MYC/8q24) markers with standard clinicopathologic features (tumor size, tumor grade and nodal status) into a global risk assessment profile. The algorithm was trained using statistical pattern recognition in 200 stage I–III hormone receptor‐positive patients treated with hormone therapy. Continuous risk scores (0–10+) were then generated for 232 independent patients. In hormone therapy‐treated patients, the profile achieved a hazard ratio of 6.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8–20) in high‐ vs. low‐risk groups for time to distant metastasis with the low‐risk group having a 10‐year metastasis rate of just 4% (95% CI, 0–8%). Similar results were achieved in untreated patients and for disease‐specific survival. In multivariate analyses with standard prognostic factors and clinical practice guidelines, the profile was the only significant variable. Furthermore, the profile reclassified as low risk over half of node‐negative patients at elevated risk according to the guidelines, which could have spared such patients from unnecessary cytotoxic chemotherapy. It also accurately identified a group of high‐risk patients within a guideline low‐risk group. In summary, the profile intelligently combines biologically relevant marker pathways and established clinicopathologic risks to help guide breast cancer patients to the most appropriate level of adjuvant therapy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term dietary acrylamide intake and risk of endometrial cancer in a prospective cohort of Swedish women
Authors: Larsson Susanna C. , Håkansson Niclas , Åkesson Agneta , Wolk Alicja 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAcrylamide has been found in foods heated at high temperatures and there is evidence of carcinogenicity of acrylamide in experimental animals. However, the potential health risks of dietary acrylamide intake in humans remain uncertain. We examined the association between dietary acrylamide intake and the incidence of endometrial cancer among 61,226 participants of the Swedish Mammography Cohort who were cancer‐free at enrollment in 1987–1990 and completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and again in 1997. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for endometrial cancer risk factors. During a mean follow‐up of 17.7 years, a total of 687 incident cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma were diagnosed in the cohort. We found no association between long‐term acrylamide intake and risk of endometrial cancer. The multivariate rate ratio of endometrial cancer for women in the highest quartile of acrylamide intake (mean, 33.8 μg/day) compared to those in the lowest quartile (mean, 15.9 μg/day) was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.76–1.21). The association did not vary materially by smoking status. In conclusion, these findings do not support the hypothesis that dietary acrylamide intake is positively associated with risk of endometrial cancer, at least not within the ranges of acrylamide consumed in this population. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p38‐MAPK‐ and caspase‐3‐mediated superoxide‐induced apoptosis of rat hepatic stellate cells: Reversal by retinoic acid
Authors: Jameel Noor Mohamed , Thirunavukkarasu Chinnasamy , Wu Tong , Watkins Simon C. , Friedman Scott L. , Gandhi Chandrashekhar R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) activate retinoid‐containing quiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSCs) to retinoid‐deficient fibrogenic myofibroblast‐like cells (aHSCs). However, ROS also cause apoptosis of aHSCs, and apoptotic aHSCs are observed in inflammatory fibrotic liver. Here, we investigated mechanisms of the effects of oxidative stress on the survival of qHSCs and aHSCs. HSCs from normal rat liver were used after overnight culture (qHSCs), or in 3–5 passages (aHSCs). For in vivo induction of oxidative stress, tert‐butylhydroperoxide was injected into control and CCl4‐induced cirrhotic rats. Spontaneous caspase‐3 activation and apoptosis, observed in cultured qHSCs, decreased with time and were unaffected by superoxide. In contrast, superoxide caused caspase‐3 and p38‐MAPK activation, reduction in Bcl‐xL expression, and apoptosis in aHSCs. Inhibition of caspase‐3 and p38‐MAPK did not affect the viability of qHSCs in the absence or presence of superoxide, but inhibited superoxide‐induced death of aHSCs. Glutathione (GSH) level and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were lower in aHSCs than qHSCs. Superoxide increased GSH content, and activities of SOD, catalase and GPx in qHSCs but not in aHSCs. Incubation of 13‐cis‐retinoic acid (RA)‐treated aHSCs with superoxide increased their GSH content significantly, and prevented superoxide‐induced p38‐MAPK and caspase‐3 activation while dramatically reducing the extent of apoptosis. Finally, oxidative stress induced in vivo caused apoptosis of aHSCs in cirrhotic but not of qHSCs in control rats. These results suggest that the absence of retinoids render aHSCs susceptible to superoxide‐induced apoptosis via caspase‐3 and p38‐MAPK activation. J. Cell. Physiol. 218: 157–166, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The therapeutic applications of multipotential mesenchymal/stromal stem cells in skeletal tissue repair
Authors: Arthur Agnieszka , Zannettino Andrew , Gronthos Stan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractFour decades after the first isolation and characterization of clonogenic bone marrow stromal cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in the laboratory of Dr. Alexander Friedenstien, the therapeutic application of their progeny following ex vivo expansion are only now starting to be realized in the clinic. The multipotency, paracrine effects, and immune‐modulatory properties of MSC present them as an ideal stem cell candidate for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In recent years it has come to light that MSC encompass plasticity that extends beyond the conventional bone, adipose, cartilage, and other skeletal structures, and has expanded to the differentiation of liver, kidney, muscle, skin, neural, and cardiac cell lineages. This review will specifically focus on the skeletal regenerative capacity of bone marrow derived MSC alone or in combination with growth factors, biocompatible scaffolds, and following genetic modification. J. Cell. Physiol. 218: 237–245, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of isooctanol on the interfacial activity and mass transfer of ytterbium(III) using 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl ester as an acidic extractant
Authors: Wang Xianglan , Li Wei , Wang Weiwei , Meng Shulan , Li Deqian 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:Introducing an adduct into an extractant system is an effective method of improving extraction performance. The effect of additives upon extraction is very important, especially in the case of interfacial behaviour. In most work published in the literature, there is little data on the interfacial behaviour of extractants and modifiers. As the mass transfer must pass through an interface, the influence of isooctanol on the interfacial activity and mass transfer of ytterbium(III) using 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethlhexyl ester has been investigated.RESULTS:With increasing amounts of isooctanol, the interfacial tension and surface excess (Γmax) of the 2‐ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl ester(HEHEHP)–isooctanol system decreased, and the area of the absorbed HEHEHP molecule (Amin) increased. The interfacial activity of the HEHEHP–isooctanol system varied significantly depending on ionic strength and temperature and the mass transfer flux decreased with increasing isooctanol content.CONCLUSION:Isooctanol has a strong influence on the interfacial activity of the HEHEHP system. The influence of isooctanol on the mass transfer rate of ytterbium extraction has been discussed qualitatively. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of protein microarrays on non‐fouling and hydrated poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel substrates using photochemical surface modification
Authors: Kim Dae‐Nyun , Lee Woojin , Koh Won‐Gun 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Conventional protein microarrays prepared on hard, dry substrates, such as glass and silicone, have several limitations, as proteins may easily denature and lose their structure. To overcome such problems, the fabrication of wet protein microarrays on non‐fouling and hydrated PEG‐based hydrogels was investigated.RESULT: Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose oxidase (GOX), chosen as model proteins, were covalently immobilized on PEG hydrogel surfaces via 5‐azidonitrobenzoyloxy N‐hydroxysuccinimide, a photoreactive bifunctional linker. Successful fixation of the bifunctional linker and subsequent immobilization of the proteins on the PEG hydrogel surfaces were confirmed with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. GOX immobilized on the hydrogel surface maintained approximately 50% of its initial activity after 24 h when left in dry conditions, but maintained only 20% when immobilized on a dry substrate. Photochemical fixation combined with photolithography produced well‐defined protein micropatterns with sizes ranging from 50–500 µm, and molecular recognition‐mediated specific binding between biotin and streptavidin was successfully assayed using microarrays on PEG hydrogels.CONCLUSION: A protein‐repellent PEG hydrogel surface was photochemically modified to covalently immobilize proteins and create protein microarrays. The use of hydrated hydrogels as substrates for protein microarrays could minimize the deactivation of proteins in dry conditions, and the non‐fouling property of PEG hydrogels allows the passivation step of protein microarray preparation to be skipped. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of a mathematical model for Bacillus circulans growth and alkaline protease production kinetics
Authors: Subba Rao Chaganti , Sathish Thadikamala , Pendyala Brahamaiah , Kumar Thella Prathap , Prakasham Reddy Shetty 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: An unstructured mathematical model was developed to understand information on the relationship between Bacillus circulans growth and metabolism‐related protease production (using logistic and Luedeking–Piret equations respectively) in a batch reactor with respect to glucose consumption and fermentation time. The objective was to develop an indispensable tool for the optimisation, control, design and analysis of alkaline protease production.RESULTS: Biomass growth and enzyme production titres changed with a change in substrate concentration. Modelling analysis of biomass and enzyme production titres at different substrate concentrations revealed significant accuracy in terms of statistical consistency and robustness with respect to fermentation kinetic profiles.CONCLUSION: With the B. circulans strain used, an economic protease yield (2837 × 103 U g−1) with respect to biomass and glucose ratio was achieved at low substrate concentration (10 g L−1). The developed model could be effectively utilised for designing, controlling and up‐scaling the protease production process in high‐density fermentation in selected bioreactors with statistical consistency. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
k‐shredders in k‐connected graphs
Authors: Egawa Yoshimi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractFor a graph G, a subset S of V(G) is called a shredder if G − S consists of three or more components. We show that if k ≥ 4 and G is a k‐connected graph, then the number of shredders of cardinality k of G is less than 2|V(G)|/3 (we show a better bound for k = 4). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 59: 239–259, 2008
Disjoint cycles with chords in graphs
Authors: Babu Ch. Sobhan , Diwan Ajit A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractLet $n_1,n_2,\ldots,n_k$ be integers, $n=\sum n_i$, $n_i\ge 3$, and let for each $1\le i\le k$, $H_i$ be a cycle or a tree on $n_i$ vertices. We prove that every graph G of order at least n with $\sigma_2(G) \ge 2( n-k) -1$ contains k vertex disjoint subgraphs $H_1',H_2',\ldots,H_k'$, where $H_i'=H_i$, if $H_i$ is a tree, and $H_i'$ is a cycle with $n_i-3$ chords incident with a common vertex, if $H_i$ is a cycle. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 87–98, 2009
Macro and trace elements in edible tissues of Carcinus maenas and Necora puber
Authors: Teixeira Bárbara , Barrento Sara , Carvalho Maria Luísa , Nunes Maria Leonor , Marques António 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Macro and trace elements have significant impacts on human health. Yet, information of elemental content in seafood is still scarce. Green crab Carcinus maenas and velvet crab Necora puber are mainly caught off English, Scottish and French coastal waters and live transported to Southern Europe, where they are consumed. During transportation, mortalities can reach 50% and dead animals are regularly commercialized for human consumption. The present study characterises the elemental composition of both species.RESULTS: C. maenas exhibited higher K, Fe and Br contents than N. puber, and lower Mn, Cu, As, Hg and Pb levels. Hepatopancreas was the most distinct tissue, with higher Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Br, Sr, Cd and Pb levels compared to muscle and gonads. Differences between live and dead crabs were species and tissue dependent, though live C. maenas had higher Fe content and lower Mg and Se levels, whereas live N. puber exhibited higher As content and lower Na, Mg, Cl, Br, Sr and Cd values.CONCLUSION: Both species were considered as safe food items since toxic elements were always below the maximum level or action level. In addition, they are good sources of Na, Cl, Ca, Cu, Zn and Se. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
PCR‐RFLP and DAMD‐PCR genotyping forSalviaspecies
Authors: Karaca Mehmet , Ince Ayse Gul , Ay Saadet Tugrul , Turgut Kenan , Onus Ahmet Naci 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:Identification of genotypes inSalviais complicated owing to the morphological similarity and common occurrence of natural hybridisation withinSalviaspecies. Species‐ and genotype‐specific DNA markers are very useful for plant identification, breeding and preservation programmes and can also provide a general overview on the prediction of plant essential oil yield.RESULTS:Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was used for identification of species‐specific chloroplast and mitochondrial organelle DNA markers, and directed amplification of minisatellite DNA polymerase chain reaction (DAMD‐PCR) was used for genotyping of plant materials. Application of PCR‐RFLP resulted in species‐specific DNA markers, and use of DAMD‐PCR resulted in reproducible DNA patterns that are useful inSalviagenetic studies. Multivariate cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis indicated that there were relationships between DNA marker patterns and essential oil yields at the species level.CONCLUSION:Results showed that genetic variations inSalviaare wide, and DNA patterns of relatedness among plant species appeared to correlate with essential oil yields. Further studies are required to confirm the application of PCR‐RFLP and DAMD‐PCR markers for selection ofSalviaspecies with higher essential oil yield. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Isolation and chemical characterisation of a polysaccharide from green tea (Camellia sinensisL.)
Authors: Chen Haixia , Wang Zhaoshuai , Lu Xueming , Xie Bijun 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND:To contribute towards understanding the relationship of structure and bioactivity, a protein‐bound acidic polysaccharide named TPC3‐1 was isolated and purified from low‐grade green tea (Camellia sinensisL.). The homogeneity and weight average molecular weight of TPC3‐1 was determined by agarose gel electrophoresis and high‐performance gel permeation chromatography. The monosaccharide and amino acid composition of TPC3‐1 were analysed by gas chromatography and an amino acid analyser. The molecular structure of TPC3‐1 was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy.RESULTS:Based on the data obtained, the average peak molecular weight of TPC3‐1 was about 120 kDa. TPC3‐1 was composed ofL‐arabinose,D‐ribose,D‐xylose,D‐glucose andD‐galactose with a molar ratio of 4.9:2.2:3.1:1.8:1.0. Fifteen amino acids were identified as components of the polymer. The TPC3‐1 molecule was found to have an anomeric carbon sign of both α and β configurations and high‐branched chains. The network structure of TPC3‐1 was observed.CONCLUSION:The tea polysaccharide TPC3‐1 was an acid protein‐bound polysaccharide with an image of network structure. The results presented here will facilitate further study of the relationship between the chemical structure and biological role of tea polysaccharide. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: Long‐term results of surgical management
Authors: Mosoia Liviu , Mabrut Jean‐Yves , Adham Mustapha , Boillot Olivier , Ducerf Christian , Partensky Christian , Baulieux Jacques 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is a rare vascular neoplasm of the liver. Its therapeutic management remains difficult to define in curative intent. The aim of this study was to report long‐term results of surgically managed patients.MethodsFrom 1990 to 2006, nine patients (25–64 years) were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Intrahepatic disease extent was monolobar and bilobar in two and seven patients, respectively. As primary treatment, liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT) were performed in three (two monolobar and one bilobar extent) and six patients, respectively.ResultsPostoperative mortality was nil. During a median follow‐up of 117 months, four patients developed intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic recurrence. One resected patient (with bilobar extent) presented with intrahepatic recurrence was secondary treated by LT. At the time of the follow‐up, seven out of the nine patients treated (two after LR, and five after LT) were alive and disease‐free.ConclusionsSurgical treatment offers good long‐term results in patients suffering from HEHE when LR is tailored to the intrahepatic disease extent: LT has to be considered in patients with bilobar intrahepatic disease whereas LR should be strictly limited to patients presenting with localized and monolobar intrahepatic disease. J. Surg. Oncol. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Brunner Markus , Thurnher Dietmar , Heiduschka Gregor , Grasl Matthaeus Ch , Brostjan Christine , Erovic Boban M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMeasurement of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and progenitor cells (EPCs) has potential as a surrogate marker for monitoring anticancer treatment. This study evaluated the significance of CECs and EPCs in the blood of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsIn a prospective trial fresh blood samples from 22 tumor patients and 18 controls were tested using multiparametric flow‐cytometry. CECs were defined as CD31+/CD146+ and CD45−/7AAD−. EPCs were defined as CD133+/KDR+ and CD3−/CD19−/CD33−/7AAD−.ResultsMedian levels (min/max) of CECs in the tumor group were 2 (0/5) at the time of diagnosis, 1 (0/5) 1 year after therapy and 2 (0/6) in the control cohort. Median levels of EPCs were 5 (1/41) before and 10 (0/21) after treatment in the tumor group compared to 2 (0/7) in the control cohort (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03). CEC and EPC levels showed no apparent correlation with tumor size and response to radiotherapy after 18 months of observation.ConclusionsIn this pilot study CD133+/KDR+ EPCs were significantly elevated in head and neck tumor patients before and after therapy. Our results warrant further studies on the use of EPCs as a surrogate marker for anticancer therapies in these patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:545–550. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.