bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A GRU–CNN model for auditory attention detection using microstate and recurrence quantification analysis
Authors: EskandariNasab MohammadReza , Raeisi Zahra , Lashaki Reza Ahmadi , Najafi Hamidreza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAttention as a cognition ability plays a crucial role in perception which helps humans to concentrate on specific objects of the environment while discarding others. In this paper, auditory attention detection (AAD) is investigated using different dynamic features extracted from multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) signals when listeners attend to a target speaker in the presence of a competing talker. To this aim, microstate and recurrence quantification analysis are utilized to extract different types of features that reflect changes in the brain state during cognitive tasks. Then, an optimized feature set is determined by employing the processes of significant feature selection based on classification performance. The classifier model is developed by hybrid sequential learning that employs Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) into a unified framework for accurate attention detection. The proposed AAD method shows that the selected feature set achieves the most discriminative features for the classification process. Also, it yields the best performance as compared with state-of-the-art AAD approaches from the literature in terms of various measures. The current study is the first to validate the use of microstate and recurrence quantification parameters to differentiate auditory attention using reinforcement learning without access to stimuli.
Effectiveness of toric intraocular lens implantation for correcting irregular corneal astigmatism in cataract eyes
Authors: Chen Xiteng , Jiang Yuanfeng , Gao Nan , Gao Yichen , Yang Jun , Bu Shaochong , Tian Fang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA retrospective cohort study was conducted to observe the correction effect of Toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in cataract eyes with specific types of irregular corneal astigmatism. Thirty-four eyes with either the "asymmetric bow-tie" pattern (Type I) or the "angled bow-tie" pattern (Type II) were included. Corneal topography was assessed using Pentacam HR, and changes in preoperative corneal astigmatism, visual acuity, manifest refraction, and objective visual quality were measured and compared. The average uncorrected distance visual acuity improved significantly from 0.86 ± 0.40 logMAR to 0.22 ± 0.15 logMAR (P < 0.001). Preoperative corneal astigmatism of 2.05 ± 0.90 D was corrected to a postoperative residual astigmatism of 0.78 ± 0.57 D (P < 0.001), with 32% of eyes within 0.50 D. The residual astigmatism prediction errors in Type I and Type II cases were (0.97 ± 0.68 D) and (0.66 ± 0.37 D), respectively (P = 0.100). The mean spherical equivalent prediction error in Type II cases (0.07 ± 0.36 D) was significantly smaller than that in Type I cases (− 0.29 ± 0.52 D) (P = 0.030). This study concludes that Toric IOL implantation effectively corrects specific types of irregular corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery. Eyes with the "angled bow-tie" pattern show higher accuracy in refractive predictions compared to eyes with the "asymmetric bow-tie" pattern.
Longitudinal changes in optic disc cupping from the baseline in chiasmal lesion optic neuropathy and glaucoma
Authors: Lee Eun Jung , Han Jong Chul , Kang Mira , Kong Doo-Sik , Hong Sang Duk , Park Kyung-Ah , Kee Changwon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the changes in cupping in chiasmal lesion optic neuropathy (chON) compared to baseline optic disc and glaucoma. We used a novel study design to enroll patients who had fundus photographs incidentally taken during routine health check-ups prior to the onset of optic neuropathy. In 31 eyes (21 patients) with chON and 33 eyes (30 patients) with glaucoma, we investigated the change in cup-to-disc (C/D) area from the baseline to overt cupping using flicker analysis. Compared to the baseline, 23 eyes (74.2%) had increased cup size and 3 (9.7%) had vascular configuration changes in the chONgroup; in contrast, all glaucoma eyes exhibited changes in cup size and vascular configuration. The increase in C/D area ratio was significantly smaller in chON (0.04 ± 0.04) compared to glaucoma (0.10 ± 0.04, P < 0.001); the minimum residual neuroretinal rim width showed a more pronounced difference (29.7 ± 8.2% vs 7.1 ± 3.9%, P < 0.001). The changes distributed predominantly towards the nasal direction in chON, contrasting the changes to the arcuate fibers in glaucoma. In conclusion, our results provide the first longitudinal evidence of true pathological cupping in chONcompared to photographically disease-free baseline. The marked difference in the residual minimum rim width reaffirms the importance of rim obliteration in the differential diagnosis between the two diseases.
A systematic review of pharmacogenetic testing to guide antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Saadullah Khani Noushin , Hudson Georgie , Mills Georgina , Ramesh Soumita , Varney Lauren , Cotic Marius , Abidoph Rosemary , Richards-Belle Alvin , Carrascal-Laso Lorena , Franco-Martin Manuel , Kaas-Hansen Benjamin Skov , Jürgens Gesche , Barrett Barbara , Jin Huajie , Bramon Elvira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPharmacogenomics could optimize antipsychotic treatment by preventing adverse drug reactions, improving treatment efficacy or relieving the cost burden on the healthcare system. Here we conducted a systematic review to investigate whether pharmacogenetic testing in individuals undergoing antipsychotic treatment influences clinical or economic outcomes. On 12 January 2024, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane Centrale Register of Controlled Trials. The results were summarized using a narrative approach and summary tables. In total, 13 studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. The current evidence base is either in favor of pharmacogenetics-guided prescribing or showed no difference between pharmacogenetics and treatment as usual for clinical and economic outcomes. In the future, we require randomized controlled trials with sufficient sample sizes that provide recommendations for patients who take antipsychotics based on a broad, multigene panel, with consistent and comparable clinical outcomes.
Low‐density algebra‐check codes for ultra reliable low latency communications
Authors: Tang Zuo , Lei Jing , Lai Ke , Huang Ying 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA novel channel code, the low‐density algebra‐check (LDAC) code, is introduced in this letter. LDAC code is constructed by combining sparse matrice with algebraic constraints from two types of subcodes. Detailed explanations for the encoding and decoding process of the LDAC codes are provided in the paper. Simulation results demonstrate that LDAC codes offer advantages over LDPC codes in constructing low rate codes. The proposed ultra‐low rate LDAC code can achieve approximately 0.4 and 0.2 dB improvement in SNR compared to CA‐polar and 5G LDPC, respectively, at the block error rate (BER) over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. LDAC codes demonstrate superior performance over LDPC codes at low rates, due to the enhanced error correction capabilities of the two types of subcodes and reduced rates without introducing short cycles.
An impedance transformer for UHF RFID and WiFi cross‐technology communication‐based tourism crowd counting
Authors: Tai Oi‐Tai , Tam Kam‐Weng , Kuan Wai‐Son 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis letter proposes a novel cross‐shaped structure‐based parallel coupled line transformer and its application to tag antenna for 920‐MHz radio frequency identification (RFID) and 5‐GHz WiFi Cross‐Technology Communication (CTC). This transformer can be tuned by some lumped capacitors and the equivalent transmission line length for high order harmonic matching. The WiFi is applicable for tourism crowd counting and its counting accuracy may be increased with an additional number of the virtual WiFi Access Points contributed by 5‐GHz resonance of said tags attached with touristic metallic objects. To study the 5‐GHz resonance of these tags the tag antenna is a square patch with a rectangular slot built with 3D acrylonitrile butadiene styrene printing material. The working frequency of the antenna is around 920 MHz, which can achieve a gain of 5.4 dBi and there is also a resonance at 5.6 GHz with a gain of −6.7 dBi. When the capacitor is tuned, the 5‐GHz band of WiFi is varied from 5.2 to 5.6 GHz applicable to emerging WiFi 5 and 6 CTC applications. It is anticipated that the prototype tag provides a flexible tourism crowd counting solution using CTC in the future.
A hybrid deep learning model for short‐term load forecasting of distribution networks integrating the channel attention mechanism
Authors: Qin Boyu , Gao Xin , Ding Tao , Li Fan , Liu Dong , Zhang Zhe , Huang Ruanming 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOptimizing short‐term load forecasting performance is a challenge due to the randomness of nonlinear power load and variability of system operation mode. The existing methods generally ignore how to reasonably and effectively combine the complementary advantages among them and fail to capture enough internal information from load data, resulting in accuracy reduction. To achieve accurate and efficient short‐term load forecasting, an integral implementation framework is proposed based on convolutional neural network (CNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU) and channel attention mechanism. CNN and GRU are first combined to fully extract the highly complicated dynamic characteristics and learn time compliance relationships of load sequence. Based on CNN‐GRU network, the channel attention mechanism is introduced to further reduce the loss of historical information and enhance the impact of important characteristics. Then, the overall framework of short‐term load forecasting based on CNN‐GRU‐Attention network is proposed, and the coupling relationship between each stage is revealed. Finally, the developed framework is implemented on realistic load dataset of distribution networks, and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the state‐of‐the‐art models, the CNN‐GRU‐Attention model outperforms in different evaluation metrics.
Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning for quantum communication applications
Authors: Mafu Mhlambululi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) and classical machine learning (ML) techniques have revolutionised numerous fields, including quantum communication. Quantum communication technologies rely heavily on quantum resources, which can be challenging to produce, control, and maintain effectively to ensure optimum performance. ML has recently been applied to quantum communication and networks to mitigate noise‐induced errors and analyse quantum protocols. The authors systematically review state‐of‐the‐art ML applications to advance theoretical and experimental central quantum communication protocols, specifically quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, quantum secret sharing, and quantum networks. Specifically, the authors survey the progress on how ML and, more broadly, AI techniques have been applied to optimise various components of a quantum communication system. This has resulted in ultra‐secure quantum communication protocols with optimised key generation rates as well as efficient and robust quantum networks. Integrating AI and ML techniques opens intriguing prospects for securing and facilitating efficient and reliable large‐scale communication between multiple parties. Most significantly, large‐scale communication networks have the potential to gradually develop the maturity of a future quantum internet.
Investigation of the structure in 235U(nth,fis) prompt gamma energy spectrum by FIFRELIN
Authors: Ogawa Tatsuhiko , Litaize Olivier , Mancusi Davide , Chebboubi Abdelhazize , Serot Olivier 
Published: April 2024

The energy spectrum of prompt gamma-rays from 235U thermal fission is reproduced by a fission reaction model FIFRELIN to identify the origin of spectral features. This spectrum is characterized by a bump at 4-4.5 MeV, a shoulder at around 8 MeV, and a tail above 10 MeV, which are attributed to 132Sn and 133Sb, fission fragments with mass from 130 to 134, and those with mass from 99 to 104, charge from 40 to 42, and spin from 12 ℏto 16 ℏ, respectively. Among prompt gamma-rays, high-energy part is important to get insight into scission, because the quanta are emitted by highly excited fission fragments, which still keep the memory of the scission configuration.
Our analysis suggests that coincidence detection of high energy gamma-rays and their source fission fragments identifying their isotopic species, spin and excitation energy with particular focus on those with mass number less than 104 will be useful to make conclusions about the origin of high energy gamma-rays.
Nuclear Data Uncertainty Quantification for Reactor Physics Parameters in Fluorine-19-based Molten Salt Reactors
Authors: Stjärnholm Sigfrid , Elter Zsolt , Sjöstrand Henrik 
Published: April 2024

The use of the F-19 isotope in the nuclear fuel cycle is already well established for fuel enrichment, but future plans for Gen-IV reactors, such as Molten Salt Reactors, could utilize a fluorine-based salt as a basis for the fuel. It is therefore imperative that an understanding of the characteristics of F-19 is instituted, and one component of key interest is the quantification of reactor parameter uncertainties that arise from the uncertainties in the nuclear data. The results from such analyses can shed light on where experimentalists need to further improve nuclear data for F-19, as well as yielding critical information for developing and optimizing reactor designs thanks to greater knowledge of the uncertainties that result from nuclear data.
In this work, we analysed a molten salt reactor based on the designs made by Transatomic Power. We conducted uncertainty quantification on three reactor operating modes: thermal, semi-epithermal, and epithermal. In the epithermal mode, the neutron spectrum is faster than in the thermal mode because fewer moderator rods are used. We generated nuclear data that was sampled from the covariance matrices in the JEFF-3.3 nuclear data library using SANDY[1] and NJOY. By utilising the Total Monte Carlo approach, we propagated the uncertainties from the samples to uncertainties in the neutron multiplication by simulating the reactor in OpenMC, a Monte Carlo-based neutron transport code. By perturbing individual reaction channels while keeping others constant, it was possible to quantify the amount of contribution each single reaction channel has to the overall uncertainty.
For the thermal reactor, the F-19 data sampling resulted in an uncertainty in reactivity of 62 pcm. The main contributors to the reactivity uncertainty for the thermal reactor are elastic scattering, neutron capture and alpha production. The epithermal reactor, with a reactivity uncertainty of 213 pcm, is mostly affected by elastic scattering, inelastic scattering, and alpha production. The alpha production channel had an unexpectedly large contribution, and it should be investigated further. The results should be considered preliminary. Quantitatively, we observe that scattering plays a bigger role for the uncertainty in the epithermal system, a phenomenon which could be explained by the fact that with less moderation in the form of moderator rods, the role of F-19 in slowing down neutrons is greater, and hence its contribution to the uncertainty is greater.
Students with special educational needs in regular classrooms and their peer effects on learning achievement
Authors: Salas García V. B. , Rentería José María 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores the impact of inclusive education on the educational outcomes of students without Special Educational Needs (non-SEN) in Peru, utilizing official Ministry of Education data and implementing cross-sectional regression analyses. Inclusive education is a complex issue that, without appropriate adaptations and comprehensive understanding, can present substantial challenges to the educational community. While prior research from developed nations offers diverse perspectives on the effects of inclusive education on non-SEN students, limited evidence exists regarding its impact in developing countries. Our study addresses this gap by examining inclusive education in Peru and its influence on non-SEN students, thereby contributing to the existing literature. Our findings reveal that, on average, the presence of SEN students in regular classrooms does not significantly affect their non-SEN counterparts. However, we uncover heterogeneous results contingent on the specific type of SEN and students’ academic placement. These results emphasize the importance of targeted resources and parental involvement in facilitating successful inclusive education, particularly for specific SEN types. In summary, this study underscores the need for tailored strategies and additional resources to foster the success of inclusive education and calls for further research in this field to expand our understanding and enhance educational policy.
Low-frequency acoustic isolation performance of Helmholtz cavity acoustic metamaterials with bilateral single openings
Authors: Hu PeiZhou , Zhao Jing-Bo , Liu Hong , Zhang XiaoSheng , Yao Hong , Zhang Guang-jun 
Published: April 2024

In this study, we designed a single-opening Helmholtz chamber type acoustic metamaterial with two sides. The complexity of the open channel results in the material having a low frequency of the first sound insulation peak and excellent sound insulation performance. The research indicates that this type of acoustic metamaterial has many sound insulation peaks in the frequency range of 20–1200 Hz. The first sound insulation peak exhibits a low frequency of 36 Hz and a bandwidth of 10 Hz, resulting in a maximum sound insulation volume of 43.15 dB. We used an equivalent model to perform sound-force analogy and the transfer matrix method to construct the equivalent model of this type of metamaterial. We studied the resonance frequencies of multiple sound insulation peaks and used 3D printing technology to obtain physical samples for experimental analysis. The results obtained from physical experiments are consistent with the theoretical calculation results.
‘They will not survive here’
Authors: Pietiläinen Sonja 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To justify the hardening of borders the populist radical right sometimes uses environmental rhetoric to frame
migrants as a threat. The radical right’s environmental politics has been analysed through a focus on state borders, but less
attention has been paid to the (re)production of bordering within and beyond the nation-state and to the racialising effects of
such rhetoric, in other words how racial differences and hierarchies are (re)produced and justified through language on nature.
Drawing on geographical literature on bordering and nationalism and postcolonial theory, this article investigates the semantic
structures that convey the racist messaging. The article argues that the ‘racialized Other’ is bordered from the ’green’ homeland
and Western space by utilising determinist conceptions of nature, through animalistic and environmental disaster metaphors, and by
mobilising an idea of the environmentally conscious Finn as the opposite of the littering migrant.
Eggs of Toxocara spp. in the environment and their public health implications
Authors: Mizgajska H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe high prevalence of Toxocara in cats, dogs and foxes results in the contamination of soil with infective eggs of Toxocara spp. which are found in soil samples from public and private places worldwide. In Poland the most contaminated areas were city backyards where 38–53% of soil samples were positive, especially in the spring. Human exposure to infection with Toxocara spp. was proportional to the prevalence of eggs in the samples examined but soil texture was not a critical factor in the degree of soil contamination. Eggs of Toxocara spp. placed on the ground penetrated a sand soil profile slowly. Their presence in the superficial layer of soils and the role of earthworms are instrumental in the dissemination of Toxocara eggs.
The epidemiology of ocular toxocariasis
Authors: Taylor M.R.H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAbstract Ocular toxocariasis damages vision and may cause blindness. It is a relatively ‘new’ disease, the histological changes having been described in 1950 and the causative organism identified in 1956. Many aspects of the epidemiology of toxocariasis are unclear. It is generally accepted that the usual route of entry to the eye is via the blood stream. Once the eye is invaded characteristic changes are produced with comparative sparing of the anterior segment. Species differences in susceptibility can be very marked. In Mongolian gerbils 55% of infected animals exhibit ocular lesions. Humans are fortunate in that they are far less susceptible to ocular infection. While it has been established that ocular toxocariasis is caused by Toxocara canis, the role of T. cati in this condition is still unclear. It is perhaps surprising that the prevalence of such a disease in humans should remain in doubt. However, the wide variation in the few estimates of prevalence may well be a reflection of the wide variation in exposure as evidenced by the wide variation in seroprevalence. A further factor mitigating against an identification of prevalence rates is the fact that the condition is usually unilateral. Most surveys of blindness stipulate a vision of 6/60 or less in the better eye and so toxocariasis cases go unrecorded. There is a need for surveys which identify the level of vision in both eyes.
Improving the capacity of quantum dense coding with both spontaneous emission and dephasing by non-Hermitian operation
Authors: Chen Fei , Leng Yang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Using a non-Hermitian operation approach, we propose a scheme to improve quantum dense coding of a qubit-qubit system interacting with a zero-temperature reservoir with both spontaneous emission and dephasing. By solving the master equation of the two-qubit system, we numerically obtain the final capacity of quantum dense coding. The numerical results show explicitly that the non-Hermitian operation indeed helps to improve the non-Hermitian operation from amplitude-phase decoherence. In particular, non-Hermitian operations can protect quantum dense coding more efficiently in the case of strong decay rates than those with small decay rates.
Optimized generation of entanglement based on the f-STIRAP technique
Authors: Chen Dongni , Li Jiahui , Chesi Stefano , Wang Ying-Dan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider generating maximally entangled states (Bell states) between two qubits coupled to a common bosonic mode, based on f-STIRAP. Utilizing the systematic approach developed by Wang et al (2017 New J. Phys.
19 093016), we quantify the effects of non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation on the entanglement generation, and optimize the entanglement by balancing non-adiabatic leakage and system dissipation. We find the analytical expressions of the optimal coupling profile, the operation time, and the maximal entanglement. Our findings have broad applications in quantum state engineering, especially in solid-state devices where dissipative effects cannot be neglected.