bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A subset of human natural killer cells isolated and characterized by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Lohmeyer Jürgen , Rieber Peter , Feucht Helmut , Johnson Judith , Hadam Martin , Riethmüller Gert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies were induced against leukemic T cells from a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia exhibiting natural killer (NK) activity. Two antibodies, termed T811 and M522, reacted by indirect immunofluorescence with distinct subpopulations of normal human mononuclear blood cells. The antibody T811 defines a surface antigen which is restricted to a subset of the T cell lineage. The antigen recognized by the second antibody, M522, is expressed on monocytes and polymor‐phonuclear leukocytes and, in addition, on 9–17% of nonadherent peripheral blood leukocytes (NAL). It is shown that the total NK activity of NAL is confined to the subset of cells expressing the M522‐defined antigen. Moreover, the portion of NK cytotoxicity associated with T lymphocytes is mediated by a subpopulation which is characterized by the simultaneous expression of the T811‐ and the M522‐defined antigens. This population comprises about 4% of NAL and could be isolated to a purity of > 85%.
Heterogeneity of complement receptor expression on surface immunoglobulin‐bearing cells from neonatal and adult mice
Authors: Cossman Jeffrey , Richman Jill A. , Mond James J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe ontogeny of acquisition of complement receptors (CR) on splenic B lymphocytes from mice of varying ages was examined. Reagents used for the identification of CR included antibody‐ and complement‐coated erythrocytes (EAC), bacteria (BAC) and bacteria treated with complement alone (BC). When whole mouse serum was used as the source of Complement both EAC and BAC failed to bind to human erythrocytes (C3b receptor‐negative). showed binding to Raji and Daudi cells (C3d receptor) and formed rosettes with human neutrophils (C3bi receptor). Therefore these reagents bore C3d and C3bi, but not intact C3b. Although EAC and BAC detected nearly equal percentages of CR lymphocytes in adult mice, BAC bound to a higher percentage of neonatal lymphocytes (8‐1296) than did EAC (1‐395). The ability of BAC to detect EAC‐negative lymphocytes among neonatal spleen lymphocytes appeared to be due to the increased sensitivity of this bacterial reagent for binding to CR. Further evidence of this enhanced sensitivity was that BAC were less inhibitable than EAC by soluble antigen‐antibody‐complement complexes.
Idiotype regulation: evidence for the involvement of Igh‐C‐restricted T cells in the M‐460 idiotype suppressive pathway
Authors: Juy Dominique , Primi Daniélé , And Pierre Sanchez , Cazenave Pierred‐André 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAllotypic restriction of idiotype suppression has been shown in several idiotypic systems. It has also been demonstrated that naive BALB/c mice contain naturally occurring suppressor T cells capable of inhibiting the M‐460 idiotype expressed on BALB/c B cells, and that T cells from allotype‐congenic mice have no effect on this expression. Since we have previously shown that upon polyclonal activation B cells of all mice tested are capable of secreting M‐460‐positive anti‐2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP) antibodies, we postulated that idiotype suppressor cells may recognize idiotypes in conjugation with products of the Igh loci. In the present study we tested this hypothesis. The data clearly showed that regardless of their allotypic haplotype all strains of mice do possess suppressor cells capable of recognizing the M‐460 idiotype. However, mixing experiments indicated that the functional potential of these suppressor cells can only be expressed when T and B lymphocytes come from allotype‐matched animals. Efficient suppression in those cultures containing allotype‐matched but incompatible B and T cells at the I‐J region of the H‐2 locus could be detected.Finally, using allotypic recombinant strains of mice, we found evidence that the restrictive elements in idiotypic suppression are the product of genes mapping in the Igh‐C locus, or closely linked to it.
Inhibition of murine T cell‐mediated cytolysis and T cell proliferation by a rat monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitating two lymphoid cell surface polypeptides of 94000 and 180000 molecular weight
Authors: Pierres Michel , Goridis Christo , Golstein Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody methodology was used to identify membrane structures involved in T cell functions. To optimize chances to produce and detect relevant antibodies, a xenogeneic sensitization protocol was utilized and hybridoma supernatants were screened, on functional rather than structural grounds, for their ability to inhibit a given function. The test function was T cell‐mediated cytolysis. Mouse cytolytic anti‐allogeneic cell populations were used to sensitize a rat, the spleen cells of which were fused to produce hybridomas; the supernatants of the latter were screened for their ability to inhibit mouse T cell‐mediated cytolysis in vitro. Several inhibitory antibodies were obtained, one of which, H35‐89.9 monoclonal antibody, was studied in more detail. It inhibited specific and concanavalin A (Con A)‐mediated cytolysis by T cells, by acting on the effector cells. It reversibly inhibited soluble antigen‐, alloantigen and Con A‐induced T cell proliferation (but not LPS‐induced B cell proliferation), after the production of interleukin 2, by acting on the responder cells. It also had a desagglutinating effect on Con A and LPS blasts and on EL4 cells. It immunoprecipitated from thymocyte membrane preparations two structures of 94000 and 180000 apparent molecular weight, and recognized cell surface determinants on both T and B lymphocytes.Our findings suggest that several antibodies directed against distinct effector cell membrane structures inhibit cytolysis. The case of H35‐89.9 monoclonal antibody, which exerts multiple functional effects and immunoprecipitates two membrane polypeptides, raises the problem of the various possible relationships between these structures and functions.
Interactions between primed and unprimed cells in the regulation of in vitro antibody responses. I. Role of “plasma cells” as inducers of suppression
Authors: Calkins Catherine E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpecific immune suppression has been shown to be activated in culture by the interaction of primed and unprimed T cell subsets. The primed cell involved is found 8 days after immunization in spleen but not in lymph node or thymus cell populations. When the primed spleen cells were fractionated by nylon wool passage or anti‐Thy‐1 plus complement (C) treatment, prior to culture with unseparated unprimed cells, suppression was detectable only with primed B cells present in the co‐cultures. Treatment of the primed spleen cells with anti‐PC. 1 (an antiserum specific for plasma cells) plus C eliminated their ability to cooperate with either unseparated or T cell‐enriched populations of unprimed cells in suppressing the antibody response of the co‐cultures. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that antibody‐secreting plasma cells activate suppressor T cell precursors in cell populations not previously exposed to antigen.
Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) receptor implantation onto human B lymphocytes changes immunoglobulin secretion patterns induced by EBV infection
Authors: Tsukuda Koji , Volsky David J. , Shapiro Ilya M. , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMosaic membrane vesicles containing both Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) receptors and Sendai virus envelope proteins were allowed to form by the previously described membrane solubilization and co‐reconstitution technique. The vesicles were allowed to fuse with the membranes of normal human B lymphocytes, whereafter the cells were infected with transforming EBV (B95‐8 substrain). Compared to similarly infected but otherwise unmanipulated cells, the receptor‐implanted lymphocytes responded with a larger number of EBV‐determined nuclear antigen positive and immunoglobulin‐secreting plaque‐forming cells (PFC). Moreover, there was a clear increase of the IgG/IgM PFC ratio in the receptor‐implanted B lymphocytes. These results show that not all human B lymphocytes that can potentially be activated by EBV express functional EBV receptors. B lymphocytes programmed to secrete IgG appear to be more defective in this respect than IgM secretors.
Differential effects of glucocorticosteroids on the functions of subpopulations of helper T lymphocytes
Authors: Bradley Linda M. , Mishell Robert I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vitro effects of dexamethasone on the activities of Th1 and Th2 helper cell subpopulations were examined in secondary (IgG) responses to hapten‐carrier conjugates under conditions where the selective or dominant expression of their individual activities could be observed. In the induction of IgG anti‐hapten responses, carrier‐primed Th1 cells cooperate with hapten‐primed B cells by linked recognition of antigen, while carrier‐primed Th2 cells cooperate with hapten‐specific B cells by unlinked recognition of antigen. The function of carrier‐primed Th2 cells was resistant to inactivation by dexamethasone. In contrast, the function of carrier‐primed Th2 cells was abolished in the presence of pharmacologic concentrations of the steroid. The differential effects of dexamethosone on the activities of the two subpopulations of helper T cells could not be attributed to selective inhibition of a subpopulation of B cells which cooperates with Th2 cells.
The expression and functional involvement of nuclease‐specific idiotype on nuclease‐primed helper T cells
Authors: Nadler Paul I. , Miller Geraldine G. , Sachs David H. , Hodes Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression and functional significance of idiotypic determinants on antigen‐specific helper T (Th) cell populations for responses to Staphylococcal nuclease (Nase) were evaluated in an in vitro antibody response system. Trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐specific plaque‐forming cell responses to TNP‐conjugates of Nase (TNP‐Nase) were shown to require the cooperation of Nase‐primed Th cells as well as unprimed B and accessory cells. The expression on these antigen‐primed Th cells of idiotypic determinants cross‐reactive with those on anti‐Nase antibodies was demonstrated by the specific elimination of Th cells for TNP‐Nase by treatment with affinity‐purified anti‐idiotypic antibodies plus complement. The susceptibility of Nase‐primed Th cells to elimination by such treatment was specific in that anti‐idiotypic antibodies affected Th cells only from strains normally expressing the same (or a cross‐reactive) idiotype on anti‐Nase antibodies. A functional role of the idiotypes expressed on Nase‐primed Th cells was suggested by the fact that anti‐idiotypic antibody present throughout the period of culture, in the absence of complement, suppressed responses to TNP‐Nase in an antigen‐ and strain‐specific manner. It was further shown, by cell mixing experiments, that this inhibition appeared to occur at the level of the Th cells and was not dependent on the strain of origin of the B cells. Thus, antigen‐specific Nase‐primed Th cells express strain‐specific idiotypic determinants cross‐reactive with, or identical to, those of anti‐Nase antibodies. These cell surface idiotypic determinants appear to be functionally involved in the activity of Th cells for the induction of antibody responses to TNP‐Nase in vitro.
Immune response against the T‐independent antigen α(1→3)dextran. I. Demonstration of an unexpected IgG response of athymic and germ‐free‐raised euthymic BALB/c mice
Authors: Schuler Walter , Lehle Georg , Weiler Eberhardt , Kölsch Eckehart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe primary antibody response in BALB/c mice to the T‐independent bacterial antigen dextran B1355S [α(l → 3)dextran] (Dex) was studied by means of isoelectric focusing, hemagglutination and immunodiffusion techniques. In response to a single immunization with 10 kg Dex all mice produce specific IgM antibodies. In addition, about 30% of conventionally raised BALB/c and BALB/c nu/+ mice, but 95% of germ‐free (GF)‐raised normal BALB/c and 100% of athymic BALB/c nu/nu mice produce specific IgG class anti‐Dex antibodies. These antibodies include all IgG subclasses, carry predominantly the λ light chain and the cross‐reactive J558 idiotype and are specific for the α(1 → 3)glucosidic linkage.As compared to athymic and GF‐raised mice, conventionally raised mice exhibit only a weak IgG response. The pronounced IgG production of GF‐raised mice was not altered when adult mice were removed from their GF environment and housed under conventional conditions for several weeks prior to immunization with Dex. Reconstitution with isolated splenic T cells from conventionally raised, unprimed BALB/c mice reduces the remarkable capacity of BALB/c nu/nu mice to produce IgG anti‐Dex antibodies.These findings suggest that the reduced capacity of conventionally raised BALB/c mice to mount an IgG response to the T‐independent antigen Dex is due to a T cell‐mediated suppressive mechanism which is neonatally induced by contact with environmental, i. e. bacterial, antigens.
Functionally different subpopulations of mouse macrophages recognized by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: And Deming Sun , Lohmann‐Matthes Marie‐Luise 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour rat anti‐mouse macrophage monoclonal antibodies are described. Three of them are highly specific for macrophages, and one cross‐reacts with granulocytes. All 4 antibodies do not react with membrane antigens shared by all macrophages, but with antigens present only on subpopulations of 20‐50% of the cells. All antibodies are directly or indirectly cytotoxic for macrophages. The subpopulations defined by these antibodies can be correlated with certain macrophage functions. Thus, antibody M43 eliminates macrophages that are activated by lymphokine to cytotoxicity. Antibodies M43 and M57 eliminate macrophages that kill antibody‐coated tumor targets, and clone 102 (strictly macrophage‐specific) eliminates natural killer cells. Only M143, reacting with 10‐30% of macrophages, has not yet been correlated with any function. With the use of these antibodies, cells of the macrophage lineage with specific functions can be recognized and eliminated from a given population.
Heterogeneity of soluble T cell products I. Precursor frequency and correlation analysis of cytotoxic and immune interferon (IFN‐γ)‐producing spleen cells in the mouse
Authors: Krammer Peter H. , Marcucci Fabrizio , Waller Michael , Kirchner Holger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study, the precursor frequency, relationship and activity of murine splenic cytotoxic and immune interferon (IFN‐γ)‐producing cells has been determined. C57BL/6 spleen cells were activated by concanavalin A (Con A) and subsequently grown in microcultures under limiting dilution conditions. The progeny of cells plated in microcultures was divided and tested for (a) total cytotoxic activity on EL4 (H‐2b) tumor target cells in the presence of Con A to nonspecifically attach the killer to the target cells, and (b) the quantity of IFN‐γ released by Con A stimulation.Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IFN‐γ producing cells were present in Con A‐activated C57BLi6 spleen cells at a high frequency of approximately 1 out of 3 and 1 out of 2 cells, respectively. IFN‐γ could be released from both noncytotoxic and a large fraction of cytotoxic T cells and the cytotoxic activity was not necessarily associated with IFN‐γ release. In a few selected cultures with a progeny of cells plated at a low cell number (up to 10/well) very high IFN‐γ titers (> 10000 U/ml) could be found. These results provide the first frequency estimate of IFN‐producing cells and are discussed with respect to the physiological role of IFN‐γ release from T cells.
Serological analysis of B6.C‐H‐2bm12 (I‐A mutant)
Authors: Sandrin Mauro S. , McKenzie Ian F. C. , Melvold Roger W. , Hämmerling Günter J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe B6.C‐H‐2bm12 has been examined serologically with a new set of reagents and several complementation studies were performed to determine the extent of the mutation. The results show that: (a) the mutation has also affected the site(s) bound by xenogeneic anti‐Ia antibodies; (b) the IJb region was not affected; (c) complementation studies with stains bearing a, b, d, k and s haplotypes did not complement bm12 for the expression of the lost I‐Ab specificities, suggesting a structural (rather than regulatory) gene alteration in bm12; (d) H‐2 haplotypes b and bm12 could complement d to establish the Ia.22 specificity, indicating that Ia‐1 and Ac are separate genes in the I‐A subregion In addition, an antibody to the gained specificity on bm12 is described.
An immunoglobulin V gene polymorphism in the rat
Authors: Pelkonen Jukka , Binz Hans , Laukola Ulla , Günther Eberhard , Mäkelä Olli 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnti‐phenyloxazolone (phOx) antibodies of different AVN rats (primary response) share several isoelectric focusing bands. These bands were not shared by antibodies of some other rat strains, including DA. An anti‐idiotype reagent was prepared (in rabbits) that bound radioactive anti‐phOx antibodies of AVN rats but not normal AVN immunoglobulin. This binding was strongly inhibited by AVN anti‐phOx anti‐sera, but not by AVN anti‐BOC‐p‐azobenzene arsonate‐tyrosine antisera or DA anti‐phOx antisera. Anti‐phOx antisera of (AVN x D A)F1 rats were also strongly inhibitory indicating the presence of the idiotype (Ox‐r1). Antisera of backcross rats (AVN x DA) x DA either resembled F1 hybrid sera (31 rats) or DA sera (23 rats). The data suggest that the presence of idiotype Ox‐r1 is controlled by one gene, or genes linked to each other. The gene(s) is not linked to the Ig kappa chain locus. It may be a V gene of the Ig H chain.
Monoclonal antibodies to human erythrocytes
Authors: Anstee David J. , Edwards Paul A. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight monoclonal antibodies from mouse hybridomas raised to normal human erythrocytes were tested with a panel of null‐type erythrocytes, enzyme‐treated normal cells, and by inhibition with human erythrocyte sialoglycoproteins. Two antibodies reacted poorly or not at all with RhNULL cells. These antibodies are of considerable interest since it may be possible to use them to elucidate the chemical nature of the antigens of the Rhesus blood group system. Four other antibodies were inhibited by sialoglycopfotein preparations. The antigens recognized were, respectively, two different determinants on the major sialoglycoprotein α (glycophorin A) and one determinant which is probably common to sialoglycoproteins α and δ (glycophorins A and B). Another antibody had anti‐Wrb specificity. One of these antibodies is of considerable potential value for the further characterization of erythrocyte sialoglycoproteins.
Induction and augmentation of mitogen‐induced immune interferon production in human peripheral blood lymphocytes by Nα‐desacetylthymosin αl
Authors: Svedersky Lloyd P. , Hui Anna , May Laurie , McKay Patrick , Stebbing Nowell 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTreatment of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with cloned Nα‐desacetylthymosin α1 induced interferon production. The kinetics is similar to that of mitogen‐induced interferon induction. Nα‐desacetylthymosin α1, in combination with mitogen, augments the amount of interferon produced. This interferon is immune interferon (IFN‐γ) as determined by sensitivity to pH 2, lack of neutralization by antibodies to IFN‐α or IFN‐β and absence of activity on MDBK cells. Although the mechanism of induction of IFN‐γ by Nα‐desacetylthymosin α1 is unclear, this compound is not mitogenic at concentrations causing IFN‐γ production. These results indicate that thymic factors may also participate in the regulation of IFN‐γ production.
Demonstration of muramyl dipeptide (MDP)‐induced T suppressor cells responsible for MDP immunosuppressive activity
Authors: Leclerc Claude , Bourgeois Edith , Chedid Louis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMuramyl dipeptide (MDP), a synthetic immunostimulant, has been previously shown to increase or decrease the humoral and cellular immune responses, depending upon the experimental conditions used. In the present study we have investigated the mechanisms of MDP‐induced immunosuppression. After repeated injections of high dosages of MDP in vivo, both adherent and B cell‐enriched cell populations from MDP‐treated mice were able to collaborate with normal complementary populations. In contrast, T cell‐enriched populations exhibited suppressive activity which could be removed by treatment with anti‐Thy‐1.2 antiserum and complement. These results clearly indicate that MDP‐induced immunosuppression is mediated by T cells.
Inhibition of alternative pathway factor D by factor B ‐related synthetic hexapeptides
Authors: Lesavre Philippe , Guillard Marie‐Hélène , Halbwachs‐Mecarelli Lise 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHexapeptides mimicking the partial amino acid sequence of factor B surrounding the bond that is cleaved by factor D have been synthesized. These peptides have been assessed for their ability to inhibit factor D enzymatic activity and for their susceptibility to serine proteases. The synthetic peptides were cleaved by bovine trypsin and Cls but not by α‐thrombin and factor D. The peptides inhibited factor B cleavage and fluid‐phase or cell‐bound alternative pathway C3 convertase activation by factor D. Altogether, these results suggest that peptides analogous to factor B specifically inhibit factor D enzymatic activity. Thus, they constitute an interesting tool for study of alternative pathway activation and can be of use when attempting to manipulate this pathway, since factor D is an essential component for alternative pathway initiation and amplification.
The biochemical genetics of TL antigens on mouse thymocytes
Authors: Michaelson James , Tung Jwu‐Sheng , Flaherty Lorraine , Hämmerling Ulrich , Bushkin Yuri 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMolecules bearing thymus leukemia (TL) alloantigen were isolated by immuno‐precipitation from detergent‐solubilized thymocyte lysates. Antisera used included monoclonal antibodies (anti‐TL. M1, anti‐TL.m2, anti‐TL.m3), monospecific anti‐TL.5 alloantisera and multispecific anti‐TL.1,2,3,5 antiserum. Apparently, each of these reagents immunoprecipitates the same single 45 000 molecular weight Tla gene product as shown by identity on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), isoelectric focusing and by sequential precipitation studies. Allelic TL molecules, coded by the Tlaa and Tlad genes, were shown to be distinguishable by SDS‐PAGE, and tryptic peptide mapping experiments. Both allelic TL molecules could be isolated from thymocytes of (Tlaa x Tlad)F1 mice. These results suggest that, at least for the Tlaa‐Tlad allelic differences, the polymorphism and antigenicity of TL is determined by variation in amino acid composition.