bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spindle B cell melanoma in the choroid of a dog
Authors: O'TOOLE D. , MURPHY J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8‐year‐old Schnauzer bitch developed a placoid pigmented mass in the dorso‐nasal quadrant of the fundus. A malignant melanoma was diagnosed on the basis of its ophthalmoscopic appearance and on its A and B scan ultrasonography features. Histopathology revealed that the mass was a heavily pigmented spindle B cell melanoma of the choroid. Bruch's membrane was ruptured and the retina was locally detached. The tumour had features similar to choroid melanomas in man which arise from nevi. A review of the literature and of 16 previously unpublished cases of primary canine uveal melanomas confirmed the prevailing impression that choroidal melanomas are rare in the dog.
Leishmaniasis in imported dogs in the United Kingdom; a potential human health hazard
Authors: LONGSTAFFE J. A. , JEFFERIES A. R. , KELLY D. F. , BEDFORD P. G. C. , HERRTAGE M. E. , DARKE P. G. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the clinical and pathological features of leishmaniasis in three dogs imported into the U.K. Principal signs were wasting, lymphomegaly, keratoconjunctivitis, and extensive skin lesions that included exfoliative dermatitis and alopecia. Autopsy showed widespread chronic inflammatory lesions throughout lymphoid and other tissues associated with parasitized macrophages. The paper discusses the potential human health hazard posed by a zoonosis characterized by non‐specific signs and prolonged periods of quiescence. Euthanasia is recommended for cases positively diagnosed as leishmaniasis.
Surgical correction of the tetralogy of Fallot in a dog
Authors: HERRTAGE M. E. , HALL L. W. , ENGLISH T. A. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTetralogy of Fallot is the commonest cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease in the dog. Previous attempts at surgical treatment have been confined to palliative systemic to pulmonary arterial shunts. We describe the clinical presentation, cardiac catheterization and angiographic diagnosis of Fallot's tetralogy in a young Boxer dog. Total intracardiac correction was successfully embarked upon with the use of cardiopulmonary by‐pass. Postoperatively there was a marked improvement in his exercise tolerance. Intermittent syncopal attacks developed several months after discharge from hospital and the dog died suddenly two years after operation.
The influence of the oestrous cycle on the intravenous glucose tolerance test in the bitch
Authors: MATTHEEUWS D. , ROTTIERS R. , FINJAN K. , VERMEULEN A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe possibility that endogenous oestrogen and progesterone affect carbohydrate tolerance in the female dog was investigated by relating the results of repeated intravenous glucose tolerance tests to the phases of the oestrous cycle, namely anoestrus, pro‐oestrus, oestrus and dioestrus. Neither the glucose tolerances nor the insulin responses were significantly different between these phases of the oestrous cycle in 12 Dalmatian bitches.
The correlation between the cytology of the vaginal smear and the time of ovulation in the bitch
Authors: LINDE CATHARINA , KARLSSON INGER 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe correlation between the vaginal smear and the calculated time of ovulation was studied in 22 bitches, during a total of 24 heat periods. Blood plasma was analysed for levels of oestradiol and progesterone from 6 days before to 6 days after the day of maximum keratinization of the vaginal smear. In all 24 heat periods (100 per cent) maximum keratinization of the vaginal epithelial cells was observed at least 3 days after peak oestradiol levels and in 17 of the heat periods (70.8 per cent) maximum keratinization was seen when the peripheral plasma level of progesterone had increased to >5.44 ± 0.93 ng/ml, which has been calculated as the ovulatory level.
Retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (CPRA): a study of the disease in the Briard
Authors: BEDFORD P. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA five year survey involving an estimated 70 per cent of the Briard population in the United Kingdom has shown that approximately 31 per cent of dogs currently 18 months or older are affected with a primary retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy which causes secondary neuroretinal degeneration and blindness. The survey has defined the clinical nature of the disease in this particular breed, but has shown that it is inherited recessively and indicated that other factors may influence the age of onset, the course of progression and the severity of involvement.
Canine nasal aspergillosis: serology and treatment with ketoconazole
Authors: SHARP N. , BURRELL M. H. , SULLIVAN M. , CERVANTES‐OLIVARES R. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSeven cases of nasal aspergillosis in dogs were diagnosed using radiography, endoscopy, culture and serology. Treatment with oral ketoconazole (an imidazole derivative) at 40 mg/kg b. wt, alone or in combination with surgery resulted in three cures, while in four dogs this therapy was not successful. In all cases inappetance and hypoal‐buminaemia were noted and rises in levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were recorded in six of the seven cases. Serological monitoring was conducted during the period of therapy and in cases that recovered a fall in titre was noted.
The radiological features of osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton in dogs: a review of 74 cases
Authors: GIBBS CHRISTINE , DENNY H. R. , KELLY D. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical features, sites of origin and radiological changes associated with 75 osteosarcomas of the appendicular skeleton in 74 dogs are reviewed. Clinical data and the areas affected were broadly similar to those in previously reported series of cases, but the precise sites of origin were found to vary considerably from the generally accepted predeliction site, which is the metaphysis. A wide spectrum of radiological changes was recorded. Only 61.3 per cent of tumours could be classified as characteristic. A further 21.3 per cent showed features suggestive of, but not specific for, osteosarcoma and were therefore classified as equivocal. In the remaining 17.3 per cent the radiological signs, although indicative of neoplasia and usually of malignancy, were quite uncharacteristic. Among 63 cases in which both radiographic and post‐mortem examination of the lungs was performed the incidence of pulmonary metastases was 13 per cent, with total correlation between their radiological and pathological detection. Of ten dogs which were treated surgically, one with a radiographically atypical lesion has survived for more than four years.
Association of calicivirus infection with chronic gingivitis and pharyngitis in cats
Authors: THOMPSON R. R. , WILCOX G. E. , CLARK W. T. , JANSEN K. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFeline calicivirus was isolated from eight often cats with chronic stomatitis but not from 10 healthy cats kept under similar conditions. Tests for feline leukaemia viral antigen failed to detect evidence of this infection. The age of affected cats ranged from 1.5 to 11 years with a mean of 5.7 years. Treatment with corticosteroids, megestrol acetate and tooth extraction resulted in clinical improvement but in some cases the condition recurred when treatment was finished.
The diagnosis and treatment of a case of nasal aspergillosis in a cat
Authors: GOODALL S. A. , LANE J. G. , WARNOCK D. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA case of nasal aspergillosis in a cat is described. Diagnosis by serology proved useful and radiological findings similar to those of nasal aspergillosis in the dog were found.The treatment was by rhinotomy and extirpation of affected tissues which produced an acceptable remission of symptoms over the six‐month follow up period.This is the first recorded case where serology has been used as a diagnostic aid for aspergillosis in the cat.
Progressive renal disease in Soft‐coated Wheaten Terriers: possible familial nephropathy
Authors: NASH A. S. , KELLY D. F. , GASKELL C. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTClinical and pathological features are described in seven young Soft‐coated Wheaten Terriers with chronic renal disease. The oldest dog was 21/2 years; in the other six, ages at death ranged from one to 15 months. Two of the puppies were littermates: one died at 4 weeks, the other at 12 months. Two of the dogs were examined at intervals up to 14 months, during which time there was progressive deterioration in renal function. All seven dogs had abnormal kidneys with cortical narrowing. The histological features were not consistent and included: tubular dilatation and basement membrane thickening; an unusually large proportion of immature glomeruli; persistence of interstitial connective tissue resembling foetal mesenchyme. Inflammatory change was minimal except in two dogs with super‐imposed pyelonephritis.The clinical and laboratory data suggest that these dogs had dysplasia of the kidneys that progressed to chronic renal disease during early life. In three dogs there was a familial relationship.
The control of undesirable behaviour in male dogs using megestrol acetate
Authors: JOBY R. , JEMMETT J. E. , MILLER A. S. H. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMegestrol acetate is widely used for oestrus control in the bitch and cat. Field reports suggested that the compound may also be used successfully in male animals for the control of undesirable behaviour. Previous surveys have indicated that the following signs or combinations of signs presented a real problem to the owners of male dogs: aggression (dominant or fear‐induced), mounting, territory marking by urination, roaming, excitability and destructiveness. In the present study the efficacy of megestrol acetate was assessed using a defined dosage regime in 163 dogs exhibiting one or more of the above signs. Seventy‐five per cent of dogs improved during treatment, and 64 per cent of dogs assessed three months after the end of treatment had maintained their improvement. The incidence of side effects was found to be low.
The influence of size on the biology of the dog
Authors: KIRKWOOD JAMES K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMany morphological and physiological characters adhere to quite rigid patterns of variation with bodyweight across the 35‐fold weight range of dog breeds. The ways in which these characters correlate with weight are thought to be due largely to constraints acting during development, and the rates at which they alter with weight among breeds of dogs often differ from those seen between mammals as a whole. Because of this difference in scaling, the dimensions of several morphological and physiological features (e.g. organ sizes, gestation period and pup size) tend to deviate in toy and giant breeds from the mammalian averages. Equations describing a variety of parameters in relation to weight are presented. These are of practical value in predicting properties from bodyweight, but may also help to explain some pathological conditions seen in toy and giant breeds.
Some observations on the population and natal patterns among purebred dogs in Malaysia
Authors: WONG W. T. , LEE MICHAEL K. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe results of a study of 28, 220 birth registration and 773 import records between 1980 and 1982 of the Malaysian Kennel Association are reported. The German Shepherd Dog was by far the most common breed followed by the Dobermann, Dachshund and Boxer. Most breeds made up only a small percentage of birth registrations.No distinct seasonal distribution of whelping was evident among the purebred litters studied. Mean litter size was 4–7 puppies per litter with larger breeds tending to produce larger litters. A sex ratio of 51 males per 100 births was computed. There was a steady decline in the number of imported dogs.
The diagnostic value of alkaline phosphatase in canine medicine: a review
Authors: MILNE ELSPETH M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the structure, functions, distribution and normal values of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and its isoenzymes in canine tissues and serum. The diagnostic value of the enzyme is discussed in liver and bone disease, neoplasia, and endocrine disorders including hyperadrenocor‐ticalism, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and hyperparathyroidism. The effects of therapy with glucocorticoids, anticonvulsants and tolbutamide on serum AP are described.At present, AP is of the greatest diagnostic value in liver, bone and endocrine disease in the dog but its use in neoplastic conditions and in intestinal and renal disease has yet to be fully investigated.
A review of one hundred cases of presumed canine epilepsy
Authors: RAW MARY‐ELIZABETH , GASKELL C. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTOne hundred cases in which a presumptive diagnosis of canine idiopathic epilepsy had been made were reviewed. Follow‐up reports were obtained in 78 cases. The clinical features and response to therapy are discussed. Seventeen dogs died from status epilepticus.
Canine parvovirus infection in Nigeria
Authors: KAMALU BERYL P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTPups of Nigerian mongrel dogs randomly bought from two village markets for experimental purposes at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, were observed to be ill within 4 days of purchase. By 13 days after purchase 52.5 per cent of all the animals had died. All sick animals were anorectous and suffered from diarrhoea. The faeces were mostly dark yellow to light brown and a few contained spots of blood. Few animals responded to treatment with fluids, antibiotics and vitamins and death occurred within 24 hours of the onset of clinical signs. In most cases, post mortem and histopathological lesions were similar to those characteristic of canine parvovirus. The sera of the surviving animals tested for haemagglutination‐inhibition antibodies to canine parvovirus, using porcine red blood cells, were positive.
Lentiginosis profusa in the pug: three case reports
Authors: BRIGGS O. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThree pugs exhibited lentiginosis profusa. On mating two unrelated, affected individuals, one of a litter of three developed similar lesions at 1 year of age but the other two remained unaffected. This is consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance as is found in man. Other defects usually present in human patients with lentigines could not be found.
Canine paraganglioma: a case report
Authors: PATNAIK AMIYA K. , BIRCHARD STEPHEN J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8‐year‐old castrated Cocker Spaniel with tympanic paraganglioma was presented. The tumour was resected twice with an interval of 120 days. The dog presented with tetraparesis 130 days after the second operation and had radiologic evidence of metastasis to the C5 vertebra. On pathologic examination, metastasis of the tumour was found in the myocardium, lungs, kidney, and C5 vertebra. The tumour, which is being described for the first time in the dog, was highly vascular, and was characterized by various‐sized groups of medium‐sized cells separated by vascular stroma. The neoplastic cells were round or polyhedral with moderately hyperchromatic nuclei, scattered chromatin, indistinct nucleoli, and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The metastatic lesions were histologically similar to the primary tumour.
The surgical management of bone‐involved oral tumours in the dog
Authors: WHITE R. A. S. , GORMAN N. T. , WATKINS S. B. , BREARLEY M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA total of 28 dogs bearing bone‐involved tumours of the oral cavity underwent radical excision procedures including premaxillectomy, mandibular symphysectomy and removal of the horizontal body or vertical ramus of the mandible. Subsequent return to normal feeding was rapid and long‐term prehensile and masticatory function was considered to be good with prosthetic reconstruction necessary in only one case.Amongst the 23 malignant tumours in this series the actuarial survival rate at twelve months was markedly improved in the case of the squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma over that for conventional treatment techniques. No significant improvement was seen in the cases of fibrosarcoma. All five dogs undergoing surgery for benign tumours are surviving tumour free.Radical surgical excision is a practical approach to the management of otherwise complex mandibular and premaxillary tumours providing good tumour‐free function and improvement in prognosis for certain histological types.
Progressive axonopathy: an inherited neuropathy of Boxer dogs. 1. Further studies of the clinical and electrophysiological features
Authors: GRIFFITHS I. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and electrophysiological findings in 14 Boxer dogs with progressive axonopathy (PA) are described. The salient clinical features are hind‐limb ataxia which may later involve forelegs, proprioceptive defects, hypotonia, patellar areflexia, absence of muscle atrophy and, in a few instances, ocular tremor and head bobbing. The outward signs are often observed by 2–3 months of age but clinical testing can reveal patellar areflexia at 1 month of age. After an initial progression, the signs may stabilize and dogs are alive at 4 years of age having shown no deterioration over the previous 2 years.The electrophysiology shows reduced motor nerve conduction velocities and evoked potential amplitudes after about 4 months of age. The F‐wave latency is considerably increased. Sensory nerves also show a marked reduction in the amplitude of their evoked potentials and eventually cease to conduct. Abnormal spontaneous activity is not a feature on electromyography. The conduction defects probably reflect to some degree the reduced nerve fibre diameters and myelin sheath changes found in PA although other factors may also be operating. The study shows that PA can be diagnosed with reasonable confidence by routine clinical testing at an early age.
Surgical management of acquired megacolon in the cat
Authors: WEBB SARAH M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe surgical management of acquired megacolon is described in three cats. The aetiology could not be definitely established in two cats but in the third case megacolon occurred as a result of pelvic narrowing secondary to multiple pelvic fractures. Medical therapy was ineffective and long term resolution was achieved by partial colectomy.
A simple method of gonioscopy for the dog and cat
Authors: BEDFORD P. G. C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA simple but often adequate technique of gonioscopy utilizing a condensing lens is described. This technique is not used in preference to the more established methods but, in the absence of a goniolens and gonioscope, it does provide the practitioner with a diagnostic facility that is an essential part of glaucoma management.
Tyzzer's disease in kittens with familial primary hyperlipoproteinaemia
Authors: JONES B. R. , JOHNSTONE A. C. , HANCOCK W. S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical signs, gross pathology and histopathological findings of three kittens with Tyzzer's disease are described. The three affected kittens were also hyperlipoproteinaemic, being offspring of a hyperlipoproteinaemic sire and a normolipoproteinaemic dam. Two kittens showed clinical signs of acute hepatic disease with severe icterus. Necropsy revealed multiple focal lesions in the liver, myocardium and intestines. Histological examination confirmed the presence of organisms resembling Bacillus piliformis in viable hepatocytes adjacent to necrotic liver tissue. Apart from the hyperlipoproteinaemia no predisposing ‘stress’ factors were identified.
The repair of humeral condylar fractures in the dog: a review of seventy‐nine cases
Authors: COCKETT P. A. , JONES D. G. CLAYTON 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe method of fixation of lateral condylar, medial condylar and intercondylar fractures of the humerus in 79 dogs is described. Follow‐up examinations were carried out to evaluate the success of fracture repair.
Thoracic oesophageal foreign bodies in the dog: a review of ninety cases
Authors: HOULTON J. E. F. , HERRTAGE M. E. , TAYLOR P. M. , WATKINS S. B. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the management of ninety dogs referred with thoracic oesophageal foreign bodies. The diagnosis, treatment and complications are discussed and an overall recovery rate of 83/90 (92.2 per cent) recorded. A conservative approach using oesophagoscopy and forceps delivery was employed in all but seven cases. The advantages of passing the largest possible rigid endoscope under conditions provided by muscle relaxation are emphasized.
Canine diabetes mellitus: a retrospective survey
Authors: DOXEY D. L. , MILNE ELSPETH M. , MACKENZIE C. P. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the results of a retrospective survey of 43 cases of canine diabetes mellitus. The epidemiological data were in general agreement with previous surveys. Blood glucose, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum alanine aminotransferase, blood urea and serum cholesterol levels measured before starting treatment were found to be of limited value in forming a pre‐treatment prognosis, although markedly raised values were a poor prognostic sign.
Hydrocoele associated with unilateral inguinal hernia in a young Basset Hound
Authors: PENZHORN B. L. , PETRICK S. W. T. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 14‐month‐old Basset Hound developed hydrocoele of the left half of the scrotum associated with unilateral indirect inguinal hernia. The hernia was repaired without orchidectomy being performed.
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)–the present state of knowledge
Authors: LUTZ HANS , HAUSER BEAT , HORZINCK MARIAN C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis paper gives a summary of our present knowledge of the aetiology, clinics, diagnosis, pathology and pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis. Special emphasis is given to the participation of the immune system in the development of the condition. A therapy protocol is proposed and an extensive list of original literature for further study is presented.
The measurement of canine steroid‐induced alkaline phosphatase by L‐phenylalanine inhibition
Authors: ECKERSALL P. D. , NASH A. S. , MARSHALL G. M. , DOUGLAS T. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTCanine steroid‐induced alkaline phosphatase (SIAP) has been measured quantitatively in an assay which depends on the finding that L‐phenylalanine has a greater inhibitory effect on SIAP than on other plasma isoenzymes. The assay has advantages in precision, practicability and availability over other assays for SIAP. The steroid‐induced isoenzyme was shown to contribute over 40 per cent of the total alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in over 60 per cent of cases in which the level of AP was raised.
A comparison of calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra‐acetate (CaEDTA) by oral and subcutaneous routes as a treatment of lead poisoning in dogs
Authors: HAMIR A. N. , SULLIVAN N. D. , HANDSON P. D. , BARR S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour dogs accidentally poisoned by lead on a farm were used in a study to compare the efficacy of oral and injectable CaEDTA as chelating agent. Blood lead concentrations indicated that though both routes of administration were effective in reducing the lead levels, the injectable route appeared to reduce the lead level to within the normal range in a shorter period. The oral route, however, has the advantage that hospitalization is not required and it avoids the discomfort of numerous injections of the chelating agent.
Hyperparathyroidism in the cat of probable primary origin
Authors: BLUNDEN A. S. , WHEELER S. J. , DAVIES J. V. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 12‐year‐old cat was presented with clinical signs of lethargy, reluctance to move and pain along the back. Radiological examination revealed multifocal, polyostotic lesions with particular involvement of axial skeleton. Pathological findings included bilateral parathyroid hyperplasia and fibrous osteodystrophy which indicated that the bone lesions were caused by hyperparathyroidism, that was probably primary in origin.