bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modified incision for the trans-septal trans-sphenoidal approach to the pituitary
Authors: Baraka Mohamed El-Fatih 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe role of the otorhinolaryngologist in trans-septal trans-sphenoidal approach to hypophysectomy when undertaken conjointly with the neurosurgeon is to provide excellent and rapid exposure for the necessary neurosurgical manipulation.For the past two years at the King Fahd Hospital of the University in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, a modified incision for the trans-septal trans-sphenoidal approach to the skull base around the area of the sella turcica has been undertaken in eight cases. This incision may offer a good alternative to the standard hemi-transfixation incision.
Two-stage temporalis flap reconstruction for facial paralysis
Authors: Buchholtz Ben D. , Mickel Robert A. , Bredenkamp James K. , Hutcherson Robert W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTreatment of the paralyzed face remains a challenging surgical problem. When facial nerve damage is irreparable or facial nerve grafting has failed, static and dynamic techniques must be considered. A two-staged modification of the dynamic muscle transfer using ipsilateral temporalis muscle is described. Initially, a free temporalis fascia graft, harvested from the contralateral scalp, is placed around the oral commissure of the paralyzed side of the face through an incision in the nasolabial crease. Several weeks later, an ipsilateral temporalis muscle and fascia transfer is made to the anterior face and attached to the previously placed fascia graft. Oral commissure grafting, as a first step, provides for a secure anchoring point for the temporalis flap, and achieves a more satisfactory correction of the oral commissure.
Antroscopy: current practice—a survey of UK otolaryngologists
Authors: Fisher E. W. , Croft C. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe use of antroscopy by otolaryngologists in the UK was assessed by means of a postal questionnaire. A response of 70 per cent was obtained. Thirty-three per cent of otolaryngologists currently perform antroscopy; the principal reason for not using the technique being lack of suitable equipment. Twenty-four per cent of non-users believed that antroscopy would not alter their management of patients, and 19 per cent of all responders thought that antroscopy had no proven clinical role. Few surgeons recognized a role for antroscopy in the treatment of antral disease.Antroscopists preferred to operate on in-patients (73 per cent), under a general anaesthetic (60 per cent) and via the inferior meatus (66 per cent); 76 per cent consider that morbidity is insignificant.There is clearly a need for studies clarifying the role of antroscopy in clinical practice and to establish the cost-effectiveness of the technique.
The contralateral ear after translabyrinthine removal of acoustic neuromas: Is there a drill-noise generated hearing loss?
Authors: Tos M. , Trojaborg N. , Thomsen J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo determine whether translabyrinthine acoustic surgery may result in a drill-generated, bone-conducted sensorineural hearing impairment in the contralateral ear, the audiograms from 50 consecutive patients with acoustic neuromas undergoing the translabyrinthine approach were compared before and three months after surgery. No case of sensorineural hearing impairment could be demonstrated post-operatively.
Serum antibodies against respiratory tract viruses: A prospective three-year follow-up from birth
Authors: Harsten G. , Prellner K. , Löfgren B. , Heldrup J. , Kalm O. , Kornfält R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAcute otitis media (AOM) has been epidemiologically related to viral respiratory tract infections, and viral antigens have also been detected in middle ear secretion in some AOM episodes. Successive serum samples from children followed prospectively for three years from birth were analysed for IgG antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses and influenza A virus.Values from serum antibody activity gradually decreased during the first six months of life, followed by a gradual increase. Various relationships were found to obtain between age and the increases of antibody activity against the different viruses. Thus, three quarters of those tested had manifested increased antibody activity against RSV by 18 months of age, and against adenoviruses by 30 months of age. No increase of antibody activity against influenza A was noted before 12 months of age, and then only seen in two thirds of those tested during the entire three-year observation period. With regard to age, however, the proportion of children with increased antibody activity to RSV, adenoviruses or influenza A virus did not differ between otitis-prone and non-otitis-prone children. Thus, as compared to non-otitis-prone children, development of the ability to produce antibodies against these viruses was not found to be delayed in otitis-prone children.
Subglottic haemangioma in the infant: contribution by CO2laser
Authors: Remacle M. , Declaye X. , Mayne A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe availability of the low intensity CO2laser beam, and the possibility of defocalization that is associated with control of subglottic high frequency jet ventilation, requires a more interventionist attitude regarding dyspnoea caused by a subglottic haemangioma in the infant. It is indeed possible reliably to reduce the size of the subglottic haemangioma, and thus to avoid a lengthy period of intensive care, as well as the problems of prolonged intubation or tracheostomy for drainage, while also avoiding long term steroid therapy. This approach in no way affects the spontaneous evolution of subglottic haemangioma in the infant; there is a tendency for the haemangioma to regress after the age of one year. The treatment does, however, permit a considerable improvement in the comfort of the infant's life during this difficult period between 3 and 12 months.We illustrate this new attitude by presenting a report on four cases.
An evaluation of myringoplasty in war injured people
Authors: Makki Haitham Taha 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPerforation of the tympanic membrane is a common war injury, especially after explosions. Such perforations will normally heal spontaneously under favourable conditions. A small number in whom the defect persists will benefit from closure by myringoplasty. Thirty-four such cases underwent operative repair and were compared with an equal number due to other causes.
Presence ofBranhamella catarrhalisalters the survival ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeandHaemophilus influenzaein middle ear effusion: Anin vitrostudy
Authors: Stenfors Lars-Eric , Räisänen Simo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractViable and non-viableB. catarrhaliswere mixed together withS. pneumoniaeandH. influenzaeand injected into non-bacterial mucoid effusion material collected from the middle ear of patients with a present secretory otitis media. The samples were incubated at 37°C. Presence of viableB. catarrhaliscould evidently prolong the survival of bothS. pneumoniaeandH. influenzae. Presence of non-viableB. catarrhaliscould also enhance the growth ofS. pneumoniae, but notH. influenzae. In contrast bothS. pneumoniaeandH. influenzaesuppressed the growth ofB. catarrhalis.
Has the increasing use of grommets influenced the frequency of surgery for cholesteatoma?
Authors: Padgham N. , Mills R. , Christmas H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe number of operations for cholesteatoma, together with the number of cases undergoing insertion of ventilation tubes in the Tayside region of Scotland between 1966 and 1986 have been studied. During this period there has been a sixty fold increase in the use of ventilation tubes, but the incidence of cholesteatoma surgery has only varied between 0.94 and 1.88 operations per 10000 of population per year. The mean annual incidence of cholesteatoma during this period was 1.32 cases per 10 000 of population. The results indicate that there has been neither a rise nor a fall in the incidence of cholesteatoma in Tayside despite a considerable increase in the use of ventilation tubes.
Bacterial tracheitis
Authors: Rabie Ibi , McShane Donald , Warde Declan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBacterial tracheitis is the term used to describe a severe infraglottic infection characterized by toxicity, brassy cough, inspiratory stridor, subglottic oedema and the presence of copious mucopurulent secretions in the trachea. It is an uncommon condition that requires prompt diagnosis and intensive medical therapy if significant morbidity and mortality are to be avoided.Since the condition was first described in 1979 approximately one hundred cases have been reported. In this paper we present four children with bacterial tracheitis to add to the current literature. Interestingly, one child was admitted on two separate occasions with the disease, an event not previously recorded. All patients underwent endoscopy which revealed findings typical of bacterial tracheitis in each case. None required tracheostomy though three required nasotracheal intubation. Post-endoscopy all were managed in the Intensive Care Unit. There were no fatalities or significant morbidity. The average duration of hospitalization was seven days.
Auditory and vestibular findings in Waardenburg's type II syndrome
Authors: Hildesheimer M. , Maayan Z. , Muchnik C. , Rubinstein M. , Goodman R. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA group of 33 patients with the autosomal dominant form of Waardenburg Type II syndrome underwent hearing and vestibular examination. A bilateral, symmetrical, sensorineural hearing loss was found in 51 per cent of the tested subjects. The severity of hearing loss varied from mild to severe. Strong evidence indicated the possible progressive nature of the hearing loss. Concerning the frequency of vestibular findings, the study highlights the frequent divergence between cochlear and vestibular involvement.
Evaluation for waterproof ear protectors in swimmers
Authors: Robinson A. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe middle ear cavity is exposed and vulnerable to waterborne infection in patients with grommets, perforated tympanic membranes and after radical mastoidectomy. Patients suffering from chronic otitis externa and those receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck also have an increased susceptibility to such infections. Many advocate the use of waterproof ear protectors in such patients when swimming. The choice of a suitable ear protector is complicated as many are now available commercially.This study was therefore designed to evaluate the degree of protection afforded by seven different ear protectors in a group of six swimmers. A very sensitive, original method of water detection was devised incorporating a pH indicator strip.The results showed conclusively that cotton wool coated in paraffin jelly BPC was the most effective method of ear protection and was found to be comfortable and easy to use. Other methods, including custom-made silicone rubber plugs, were not adequate in sealing the external auditory canal and are considerably more expensive.
Symptomatic mucosal cysts of the maxillary sinus: antroscopic treatment
Authors: Fisher E. W. , Whittet H. B. , Croft C. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAntroscopy has been shown to have a role in the diagnosis and treatment of antral disease. Four cases of ‘non-secreting’ benign antral cysts, each presenting with facial pain, were successfully treated using antroscopic techniques. The aetiology and management of these lesions is reviewed with the recommendation that antroscopic removal is the treatment of choice for all symptomatic cases, and for asymptomatic cases in which the diagnosis is in doubt.
Audit of blood transfusion policy in head and neck surgery
Authors: Wake M. , McCullough Sister D. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere is current concern about the possible adverse affects of blood transfusion on patient survival after cancer surgery. In addition, blood transfusion is associated with a low incidence of morbidity and mortality in any patient. 100 patient records have been examined retrospectively to outline the problems with blood transfusion policy in head and neck surgery. The current situation lacks standardization on a scientific basis and represents an area of resource over-utilization. A new approach to this subject in head and neck surgery is proposed and a recommended ‘new policy’ suggested.
Scintigraphic evaluation of glomus tumours
Authors: Rockall T. A. , Watkinson J. C. , Clark S. E. M. , Douek E. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe current investigations of choice for a suspected glomus tumour are either direct or indirect angiography to include digital subtraction followed by computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or, if available, CT and MRI with gadolinium alone. Although these modalities confirm the diagnosis and give anatomical information to facilitate accurate staging, they do not provide functional data. The use of radionuclide scintigraphy can add an extra physiological dimension to glomus tumour imaging.Iodine-131/123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is a tumour imaging agent which has been used to diagnose head and neck neuroendocrine tumours to include paragangliomata and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT). However, it is expensive and the new head and neck tumour imaging agent technetium-99 m (Tc99m) (v) dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) has superceded it as the imaging agent of choice to evaluate MCT. We report a patient with a glomus jugulare tumour which was evaluated with I131/I123-MIBG and Tc99m (v) DMSA. The tumour was functional and is the first reported case exhibiting positive accumulation of both I131-MIBG and Tc99m (v) DMSA. The patient was subsequently treated with a therapeutic dose of I131-MIBG. The significance of these results is discussed.
Critical evaluation of Per-Lee tubes in children
Authors: Bhatnagar R. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA retrospective view of 37 Per-Lee tubes inserted into 29 patients over a period of four years. At the time of review all the tubes were in situ but eleven had to be removed due to recurrent otorrhoea or perforations causing increasing deafness particularly in children. Per-Lee tubes are not suitable for long-term ventilation of the middle ear cavity in children.
Subdural empyema of otorhinological origin
Authors: Wackym P. A. , Canalis R. F. , Feuerman T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe UCLA experience with subdural empyema (SDE) of otorhinological origin was reviewed. All cases of SDE with additional intracranial complications were excluded. Thirteen cases of SDE were identified with the prediposing factors being sinusitis (ten), mastoiditis (two), and otitis media (one). Based on data obtained from this review and from studies previously published in the literature, the keys to optimal outcome are rapid diagnosis, craniotomy with complete evacuation of the purulent collection followed by immediate surgical management of the otorhinological source of the SDE, and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Computed tomography is nearly always diagnostic but can be equivocal and magnetic resonance imaging may become the diagnostic study of choice. Of the five patients initially treated with craniotomy, 100 per cent improved as compared to 50 per cent of the eight patients initially treated with burr holes. None of the patients initially managed with craniotomy were worse or died, whereas of the four patients initially managed with burr holes, two were worse (25 per cent) and two died (25 per cent). Antibiotic therapy is guided by the organisms found in the empyema and the site of origin of the infection. The otolaryngologist must remain aware of the clinical features and management of SDE and work closely with his neurosurgical colleagues to provide early, decisive surgical treatment.
Osteochondroma of the tongue
Authors: Watson Carl , Crowther John A. , Stephen Mary R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case is described of osteochondroma of the tongue and the literature on osteomata, chondromata and osteochondromata of the tongue is reviewed. The tendency for these tumours to arise in the region of the foramen caecum has been noted in previous reports as has the female preponderance. It has been suggested that they arise from remnants of branchial arch cartilage. The variation in the duration and age at presentation of the lesion has not been explained and an alternative theory is suggested.
Dermoid cyst in the mouth: value of ultrasound
Authors: Thomas M. R. , Nofal F. , Cave A. P. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTeratomas including dermoid cysts occur in approximately 1:4000 births with the incidence in the head and neck varying according to different authors between 1.6 and 6.9 per cent.The case presented is of a 28-year-old Caucasian male in whom a dermoid cyst occurred in the floor of the mouth where ultrasound was found useful in the pre-operative assessment.The role of ultrasound in the pre-operative management of lesions in the head and neck is discussed.
Large retropharyngeal cold abscess in an adult with respiratory distress
Authors: Bhargava S. K. , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA rare case of an adult with a large retropharyngeal cold abscess completely obstructing the airway and causing acute respiratory distress is presented. An urgent tracheostomy to safeguard the airway was required. The clinical features, surgical anatomy, aetiopathogenesis and management of a retropharyngeal abscess are discussed.
Titanium grommets: a trial to assess function and extrusion rates
Authors: Shone G. R. , Griffith I. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTitanium grommets have been promoted as having the advantage of a slower extrusion rate than other types of ventilation tube. A prospective trial was therefore designed to compare the function and extrusion rates of these grommets with those of the widely used Shepard design of Teflon grommet in a single group of patients. Thirty-one children had one type of grommet inserted in one ear and the other type in the opposite ear. After eight months there were significantly more Titanium grommets still functioning (p < 0.05) but after 12 and after 16 months there was no significant difference in the extrusion rates of the two types of grommet. There was a higher incidence of infection with granulation tissue formation around the Titanium grommet. Accordingly it is concluded that the extra expense of the Titanium grommet is not justified, particularly as the long-term effects of these grommets on the tympanic membrane are not known.
Cervical osteophytes: their significance in ENT practice (Ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis—Forestier's disease)
Authors: Jonathan D. , Baer S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe condition known as ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis or Forestier's disease is described. Eight cases are reviewed where the radiological findings warranted this diagnosis. Their presenting symptoms are summarized as are their responses to treatment. The relevance of this diagnosis is discussed with emphasis being placed on the importance of thorough investigation of these patients. In those for whom no other cause has been found for their symptoms, the various therapeutic options are outlined with the possible complications.
Vallecula angioleiomyoma: unusual cause of acute adult airway obstruction
Authors: Evans K. L. , Lowe D. G. , Keene M. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 44-year-old man presented with acute airway obstruction. A pedunculated lesion was found arising from the right vallecula. This was confirmed to be an angioleiomyoma, a type of hamartoma rarely found in the oropharynx.
Management of parotid metastases from cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck
Authors: Ball A. B. S. , Thomas J. Meirion 
Published: November 2007

AbstractParotid metastases from a cutaneous malignant melanoma are uncommon. Although the long-term prognosis is poor, loco-regional palliation is important. In a group of eight patients with parotid metastases, local control was obtained by superficial parotidectomy. Occult cervical lymph node metastases were identified in five cases in whom radical neck dissection provided regional control. Superficial parotidectomy with elective neck dissection is advocated for patients with parotid metastases from cutaneous melanoma to ensure optimal loco-regional palliation.
Management of radiation-induced otitis externa
Authors: Robinson Anthony C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFour cases of otitis externa secondary to radiotherapy are described. This fairly common complication of irradiation to the head and neck, may impede a satisfactory completion of the therapy. Water precautions and regular otoscopic examination of the ears should be encouraged as prevention or early recognition of the condition is essential for the well being of the patient. The treatment of established otitis externa consists of frequent aural toilet and the application of weak antiseptic solutions. However, complete resolution will not occur until the cutaneous reaction has fully settled.
Bilateral choanal atresia: key to success with the transnasal approach
Authors: Singh Bharath 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe intranasal approach is generally accepted as the route of choice in the correction of bilateral choanal atresia but unfortunately it is associated with a significant incidence of stenosis.Over a five-year period, we have diagnosed bilateral choanal atresia in 30 neonates. Trans-nasal surgery was performed on 27 of them. All belonged to the Black race group. The incidence was 1:8,300 live births. There was a female predominance of 5:1. Four (13 per cent) had other associated anomalies. One was a twin.Various factors were analysed to determine the cause of the stenosis. These were:1. Drilling compared with curettage of the bony atretic plate. 2. Stenting versus non-stenting. 3. Soft versus hard Portex tube stenting. 4. Variation of stenting period—six, eight and twelve weeks. 5. The use of prophylactic broad spectrum antibiotic for the whole of the stenting period.The conclusion derived from this study is that curettage of bony atresia, stenting with soft Portex tube for a period of six weeks and the use of broad spectrum antibiotic for the entire stenting period eliminates the problem of stenosis associated with the trans-nasal approach for the correction of bilateral choanal atresia.
Endolymphatic hydrops precipitated by haemodialysis
Authors: Moffat D. A. , Cumberworth V. L. , Baguley D. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of endolymphatic hydrops preceded by haemodialysis in the contralateral ear of a patient with known Menière's disease, and discuss the possible mechanism. It is suggested that the sudden decrease of plasma osmolality during haemodialysis acts as a reverse glycerol test. The audiometric and electrophysiological recordings pre- and post- dialysis and the induction of the Menière's triad of symptoms during dialysis, were strongly indicative of the presence of endolymphatic hydrops.
Rhinosporidiosis associated with squamous cell carcinoma in the tongue
Authors: Ahluwalia Karvita B. , Bahadur S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe peritumoural region of a squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue when examined with light and electron microscope showed nodular bodies in the submucosa with all the distinctive features of ‘sporangium’ and ‘spores’ of rhinosporidiosis. The occurrence of rhinosporidiosis in the tongue along with malignancy has not been reported hitherto. Some interesting observations and causal relationships are discussed.
Malignant adenolymphoma of the parotid gland: report of carcinomatous transformation
Authors: Önder T. , Tiwari R. M. , van der Waal I. , Snow G. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMalignant transformation of an adenolymphoma (Warthin's tumour) is a rare event. This paper presents a case of carcinoma arising in an adenolymphoma of the parotid gland.