bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Assessment of Agenesis of the Third Molars: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ganesan Nithiyasri , Maheswaran T. , Nalliyapan Ganapathy , Vadivel Ilayaraja , Janardhanam Dineshshankar , Ragunathan Yoithap Prabhunath Thuckanaickenpalayam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Congenital absence of a tooth is known as dental agenesis or agenesis of a tooth. Although both deciduous and permanent dentition are prone to agenesis, permanent third molars are the most commonly affected teeth.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of third molar agenesis in the South Indian-based population.

Materials and Methods:
Three hundred subjects (150 males and 150 females) with a range between 18 and 25 years who had no previous history of third molar extractions and who had other dental complaints that required radiographic investigation using orthopantomograms were selected for the study. The digital radiographs were assessed for the identification of third molar agenesis. The data such as gender and presence of third molar agenesis and site were recorded and statistically tested using the Chi-squared test.

Results:
The prevalence of third molar agenesis in the studied population was 24.3%. Agenesis of third molars is more prevalent in females than males (P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference noted between the right and left maxillary and mandibular third molars among males and females (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Based on our findings, third molars are found to be highly vulnerable to dental agenesis, especially in females.
Assessment of Anxiety in Dental Practice among Dental Students of Himachal Pradesh: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gurung Deepak , Bhardwaj Vinay Kumar , Fotedar Shailee 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
The demand of excellence and proficiency among professionals is a threat to vocational well-being. The anxiety inherited by dental students is reflected through poor physical and psychological health, loss of interest leading absenteeism, and substance abuse with decreased clinical skills and competencies.

Aim:
To assess the anxiety in dental practice among dental students of Himachal Pradesh.

Methods:
The sources of data during this cross-sectional were the dental students studying in one government and four private dental colleges of Himachal Pradesh (India). The information included were demographic details and Dental Anxiety Questionnaire adapted from a previous study. The Dental Anxiety Questionnaire consisted of 37 questions with six anxiety-related constructs of academic (6 items), communication (4 items), investigation (7 items), diagnosis (4 items), treatment (8 items), and deficiencies (8 items). Each item was scored on four-point Likert scale and scores of 38–74 were considered mild anxiety, 75–111 moderate anxiety, and 112–148 severe anxiety.

Results:
The mean anxiety total score was 83.89 ± 17.49 and within the six constructs, deficiencies and error in treatment-related anxiety showed the highest and communication and health team-related anxiety showed the lowest mean anxiety total scores. The floor and ceiling effect was reported to be 2.53% and the individual item to the total item correlation was above the recommended accepted level of 0.3 for majority of items which indicated good content validity for the scale used. The Cronbach’s alpha was found to be 0.89 (unstandardized), which suggested the good internal consistency.

Conclusion:
Understanding the various types of anxiety related to dental students in the clinical dental practice is essential in the process of designing and evaluation of an effective and integrated dental curriculum. The dental curriculum should be well oriented in achieving a desired optimal anxiety for better academic excellence and clinical success of the dental students.
A Comprehensive Review on the Accuracy Determination Methods for Glucose Meters
Authors: Kesavadev Jothydev , Saboo Banshi , Gupta Amit , Sreelakshmi R. , Krishnan Gopika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Optimal diabetes management demands the monitoring of blood glucose (BG) at specified intervals. Self-monitoring of BG has now become an integral part of maintaining the recommended target level and has gained wide acceptance among the diabetes community as a standard tool for glycemic management. The technological advancements in diabetology have ushered in the emergence of innumerable glucose meters with specialized features. International organizations such as the American Diabetes Association urge people with diabetes to have a thorough focus on the features of glucometers of their choice, especially, on its accuracy and precision of readings as the values are the potential determinants of therapeutic decision-making. The review discusses the methods employed for determining the precision and accuracy of BG meters, which are used for glycemic monitoring.
Contralateral Suppression of Acoustic Reflex in Individuals with Chronic Subjective Tinnitus
Authors: Binay-Bolat Kübra , Satekin Merve Cinar , Kutlu Sevgi , Uluc Deniz , Yilmaz Suna Tokgoz 
Published: March 2024

Objectives:
The first aim of this study is to determine whether subjective tinnitus has an effect on the medial olivocochlear bundle function in the auditory efferent system, with the contralateral acoustic reflex suppression test. The second aim is to contribute to the literature on the auditory efferent system.

Materıals and Methods:
The study included 20 individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus and 28 healthy controls. Acoustic reflex measurement was applied to both groups at 0.5, 1, and 2 kHz with and without contralateral noise. The contralateral suppression of the acoustic reflex (CSAR) results of both groups were compared in terms of CSAR threshold (CSART) and CSAR amplitude (CSARA).

Results:
There was no significant difference between the control and tinnitus groups in terms of CSART (P > 0.05), except that the left ear of the tinnitus group was higher than the control group at 0.5 kHz (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference in CSARA of the ears at all frequencies between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
These results suggest that the CSAR test can be used as a complementary test in the evaluation of the auditory efferent system of individuals with chronic subjective tinnitus.
Transcanal Endoscopic Facial Nerve Decompression in Posttraumatic Facial Paralysis: A Tertiary Care Experience
Authors: Sahoo Pradipt Ranjan , Sahu Monalisa , Karki Sandesh , Patra Ananya , Kapoor Arnav Bharatendu , Agrawal Shubham , Rout Manas Ranjan 
Published: March 2024

Purpose:
Facial nerve decompression (FND) for traumatic facial palsy with lesion at geniculate ganglion and tympanic segment can be done through transcanal approach, by a microscope or an endoscope without opening the mastoid. The study analyzes the outcomes of transcanal endoscopic approach (TEA) for FND with regard to improvement in facial nerve (FN) function and hearing status, in lesions limited to perigeniculate and tympanic segment of FN.

Methodology:
This was a retrospective analysis of the case series from a tertiary care center, of the patients with posttraumatic FN paralysis, surgically treated with TEA. From January 2014 to December 2018, nine patients of traumatic facial palsy were selected for surgery. The patients posted for surgery were selected only when they had immediate-onset FN paralysis after trauma and not responding to treatment of systemic corticosteroid for 14 days with, House Brackmann grading (HBG) IV–VI, lesions confined to perigeniculate ganglion and tympanic segment of FN. Outcome analysis following TEA for FND was performed in terms of postoperative FN function and hearing improvement.

Results:
The TEA showed a postoperative improvement of FN function (HBG I/II) in 77.7% of patients within 6-month follow-up period. There was no significant improvement in FN function between 6th and 12th month. Postoperative hearing improvement was seen in eight cases, and there was no improvement in one case due to preoperative sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusion:
TEA for FND is a direct approach for lesions confined to perigeniculate ganglion area and tympanic segment without involvement of mastoid segment of FN. It requires minimal bone drilling, provides proper visualization, and accurate surgical site assessment. Surgeries performed even in late presentations may have favorable outcomes.
Posterior Tibial Nerve Ultrasound Assessment of Peripheral Neuropathy in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Oduola-Owoo Latifat Tunrayo , Adeyomoye Adekunle Ayokunle , Omidiji Olubukola Abeni , Idowu Bukunmi Michael , Oduola-Owoo Badmus Babatunde , Odeniyi Ifedayo Adeola 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and debilitating complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Early detection and prompt institution of appropriate therapy could prevent undesirable outcomes such as paresthesia, pain, and amputation. Although the gold standard for diagnosing DPN is nerve conduction studies, high-resolution peripheral nerve ultrasonography may serve as a noninvasive and low-cost alternative for diagnosing and staging DPN. This study investigated the clinical utility of sonographic posterior tibial nerve cross-sectional area (PTN CSA) for diagnosing DPN in individuals with T2DM.

Methods:
Eighty consecutive adults with T2DM and 80 age-/sex-matched controls were recruited. Clinical information was obtained, including symptoms, disease duration, Toronto clinical neuropathy score (TCNS), and biochemical parameters. The left PTN CSA at 1 cm, 3 cm, and 5 cm above the medial malleolus (MM) was measured with a high-frequency ultrasound transducer and compared to the detection of DPN using the TCNS.

Results:
Based on the TCNS, 58 (72.5%) of the T2DM group had DPN. Of these, 14 (24.1%), 16 (27.6%), and 28 (48.3%) participants had mild, moderate, and severe DPN, respectively. All the mean PTN CSA (aggregate, 1 cm, 3 cm, and 5 cm above MM) of the participants with T2DM and DPN (T2DM-DPN) were significantly higher than those of T2DM without DPN (WDPN) and controls. All the PTN CSA increased significantly with increasing severity of DPN. The PTN CSA at 3 and 5 cm levels correlated weakly but significantly with fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels.

Conclusion:
The PTN CSA is significantly larger in T2DM-DPN than in T2DM-WDPN and healthy controls. PTN ultrasonography can be an additional tool for screening DPN in patients with T2DM.
Isolated Inflammatory Necrosis of the Falciform Ligament: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Sharma Garima , Tarafdar Swarnava , Yadav Abhishek Kumar , Sah Pankaj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory necrosis of the falciform ligament is an extremely rare cause of acute right upper quadrant pain. Due to overlapping symptoms with pathologies affecting the gall bladder and liver, this poses a diagnostic challenge with limited existing literature. Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old female patient presenting in the accident and emergency department with right upper quadrant pain. The patient underwent ultrasonography and revealed thickened and echogenic falciform ligament. Further, a computed tomography revealed swollen falciform ligament with associated fat stranding. The patient was kept under conservative management and improved over 2 weeks.
ESTIMATING EXCHANGE RATE PASS-THROUGH TO DOMESTIC PRICES; SIERRA LEONE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Kallie James L. S. , Kamara Emmanuel Jam , Kanu Alpha , Heimoh Joseph M. B. 
Published: March 2024

<p>The study conducts an investigation that seeks to evaluate the nature of exchange rate pass-through on consumer prices in Sierra Leone. As a small, open economy, the country is susceptible to exogenous shocks. The exchange rate acts as a medium through which external shocks get transmitted to the real economy. Therefore, the general objective of the study is to assess the effect of the fluctuation of the exchange rate on domestic prices in Sierra Leone. More specifically, it sought to determine which type of exchange rate pass-through exists for Sierra Leone, using annual time series data between 1992 and 2022. The empirical analysis was based on a VECM model. The coefficient of the exchange rate (.5365) which is also significant at the 5% level of significance (p-value = 0.002), indicates that the exchange rate pass-through is incomplete in Sierra Leone. This means that a 1-unit depreciation of the Leone (increase in nominal exchange rate), leads to an increase in Sierra Leone consumer price by .5365 units or approximately 53.65%. This is an indication of indirect pass-through, where importers increase the price of imported goods to maintain their markup in the event of a nominal exchange rate depreciation. The recommendation to the finding is that since it was revealed that Sierra Leone has relatively high exchange rate shocks means that monetary authorities in Sierra Leone should pay more attention to the effects of EXR fluctuation on consumer prices. Measures such as the promotion of local production to substitute imported goods are key to addressing the effects of exchange rate variations.</p><p> </p><p><strong>JEL: </strong>F31, E31, C32, O24<strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/lit/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
MEASURING TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AMONG DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM (DOT) ACCREDITED RESORTS IN DAVAO REGION: APPLICATION OF DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)
Authors: Alcaraz Clarence Joy D. , Aragon Lilibeth C. 
Published: March 2024

One of the most important players in the hospitality and tourism industries is the resort industry. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) allows measuring the variation in efficiency between resorts businesses and in a particular time period. Furthermore, this technique allows the identification of the possible sources of inefficiency. The study developed a methodology utilizing the capabilities of Data Envelopment Analysis that provides a reasonably accurate means of evaluating the technical efficiency of DOT-accredited resorts in the Davao Region. Results of the study reveal that 18 out of 23 DMUs classified as fully efficient comprising 82.61% while the other 5 DMUs are under-efficient constituting 17.39% in total. Moreover, demographic characteristic significantly contributes to the efficient performance of DOT-accredited resorts in the Davao Region. These demographic characteristics, such as provincial category, type of resorts, and accessibility, provide policymakers, industry stakeholders, and tourism associations with information regarding the state of the tourism industry in various provinces, the type of resorts, and the means of reaching the resorts (accessibility). These results enable more focused assistance and coordinated efforts to improve the region's competitiveness and sustainability.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/lit/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
FAIR APPROACH IN INDIVIDUAL LABOR DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN VIETNAMESE COURTS
Authors: Quang Nguyen Nang 
Published: March 2024

This article presents the legal and practical basis for resolving individual labor disputes in Vietnam, from the application of law to conciliation and arbitration practices. Important principles such as respect for the right to self-determination, negotiation, conciliation, and arbitration as well as the principle of the provision of evidence and the burden of proof are discussed in detail. At the same time, the article also highlights the role of courts in ensuring fairness and objectivity in the resolution process, along with challenges and limitations that need to be overcome. This underscores the importance of continuing to improve the labor and procedural legal system in Vietnam.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0018/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE IMPACT OF PASTORS' FAMILY WELL-BEING ON PASTORAL MINISTRY WITHIN THE ADEPR NYAMASHEKE LOCAL CHURCH IN RWANDA
Authors: Simeo Rukundo , Hitayezu Elysee , Uwamariya Marie Therese , Vedaste Ngirinshuti , Turatsinze Jean Bosco , Musanganire Innocent 
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the impact of pastors' family well-being on pastoral ministry within the ADEPR Nyamasheke Local Church. Recognizing the integral role pastors play in the spiritual guidance and growth of congregations, the research explores the reciprocal relationship between pastors' family well-being and the effectiveness of pastoral ministry. Employing a mixed-methods research design, the study involves surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions with pastors, their families, and congregants. The research aims to quantify and qualitatively assess various dimensions of pastors' family well-being, including economic stability, emotional health, and familial relationships. Additionally, the study examines the perceived impact of pastors' family well-being on key indicators of pastoral ministry effectiveness, such as congregational growth, community impact, and pastoral satisfaction. The findings of this research chart provide a comprehensive analysis of the Church's leadership effectiveness, revealing strengths and weaknesses through expressed percentages. While an overall frequency suggests a perception of weak leadership, a minority of respondents express satisfaction in certain areas. Pastors, Mothers' Union members, and choir group leaders particularly commend aspects like the leadership system, individuals with gifts, and effective management. However, the item indicating 18.48% reveals a shortage of qualified staff, a concern elaborated in a previous table. Additionally, the 21.12% representing management underscores perceived challenges in organizational effectiveness. This nuanced examination unveils a complex narrative, portraying both positive and concerning aspects of leadership within the Church. Contribute valuable insights to the understanding of the interconnected dynamics between pastors' family well-being and the overall success of pastoral ministry within the unique context of the ADEPR Nyamasheke Local Church. The implications of the study may inform pastoral training programs, church policies, and community engagement strategies to enhance the holistic well-being of pastors and, consequently, the vibrancy of pastoral ministry.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/lit/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Innovation Strategies and Performance of Tea Firms: A Case Study of James Finlay (Kenya) Limited
Authors: Cheruiyot Lewis Kimutai , Litunya Rose 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: A business must endeavor to achieve a certain level of economic gain and at the same time improve organizational performance to be able to compete with similar players in the industry. An innovative approach is guaranteed to have a positive and huge influence on realization of organizational improvement. An innovation strategy helps the leadership of an organization to come up with systems that can match their competitive needs. This study purposed to investigate the influence that innovation strategies have on the performance of Tea firms in Kenya. The study aimed to assess the following specific research objectives; to determine the influence of process innovation strategies on the performance of James Finlay Kenya Limited; to establish the influence of product innovation strategies on the performance of James Finlay Kenya Limited; to establish the influence of technological innovation strategies on the performance of James Finlay Kenya Limited; to determine the influence of market innovation strategies on the performance of James Finlay Kenya Limited.
Methodology: The study used descriptive research design in tandem with correlational research design. The management, senior and junior staff of four departments at James Finlay (Kenya) Limited that are a total of 150 staff members formed the population size for this study while the sample size was a total of 109 staff. Primary data was collected using a questionnaire. SPSS software was then used to analyze the data because it was appropriate and easy to use in analyzing the responses submitted by respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics models were used in the research for data analysis and the findings were presented through tables and figures.
Findings: The study ascertained the existence of a positive relationship between innovation strategies and the performance of tea firms in Kenya. Innovation strategies account for 77.4% of the total variance in the tea firms’ performance. Since innovation strategies account for such a huge percentage of the tea firm performance in Kenya, it was recommended that tea firms should utilize Process Innovation, Product Innovation, Technological Innovation, and Market Innovation Strategies in their operations, since this would assure their performance up to 77.4%.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study thus recommended that tea firms should employ these strategies to ensure their overall improved performance.
DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTAL MODELS FOR HEPATOTOXICITY; A REVIEW A REVIEW
Authors: Bharatia Rakesh , Kumar Shailendra , Jaiswal Abhishek , Jaiswal Hariom 
Published: March 2024

The Hepatic is midst the best industrious and pennon organs in the feasible body. Hepatotoxicity is a symbol intermediary of morbidity and lenity, and its extent is leave off increment appointment by steady old-fashioned in the industrialized nations. Hepatotoxicity is characterized by atomic pyknosis and eosinophilic cytoplasm, followed by copious rash hepatic poison, pudginess changes, lipid peroxidation leads to hepatic centrilobular necrosis. Paracetamol, reluctant tubercular drugs, demon rum, and azathioprine are meditate on to be the tricky venture factors implicated in the progression of hepatotoxicity. Unusual signaling mechanisms, such as activation of transmissible represent encode alike Kupffer cells, simple hew to pieces (NK) cells, and NKT, incendiary mediators, intracellular Ca2 concentration and reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity. At realistic, helter-skelter is petite aglow panacea is at hand to squeamish patients give hepatotoxicity becoming to deficiency of colleague of signaling culprits involved in the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity. Gross models are zoological seasoned to reform esteem the plague pathogenesis and develop drugs for hepatotoxicity. In the physical study, we take on submit discrete extremist models for hepatotoxicity, which may frankly vistas for developing new drugs to treat hepatotoxicity.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Animasi Flipaclip Berbasis Paikem Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Pengenalan Sifat-Sifat Bangun Ruang Di Kelas V SD
Authors: Hasanah Mita Roslinda, 
Published: March 2024

Penelitiaan ini bertujuan untuk; 1) Mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran animasi Flipaclip berbasis PAIKEM pada mata pelajaran matematika materi sifat-sifat bangun ruang; 2) Mengetahui respon kemenarikan peserta didik terhadap media pembelajaran animasi Flipaclip berbasis PAIKEM pada mata pelajaran matematika materi sifat-sifat bangun ruang; dan 3) Mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan produk media pembelajaran animasi Flipaclip berbasis PAIKEM pada mata pelajaran matematika materi sifat-sifat bangun ruang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Research and Develoment (R&D) MENURUT Borg and Gall. Subjek penelitian yang terlibat dari satu orang ahli media, satu orang ahli materi dan guru bidang studi matematika kelas V SD Negeri 105364 Lubuk Rotan. Para ahli memberikan penilaian pada kelayakan produk yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti, sedangkan guru memberi respon tentang kemenarikan produk yang dikembangkan. Hasil peneliti ini adalah 1) Produk yang dihasilkan terkategori sangat layak berdasarkan validasi dari ahli media 92% dan ahli materi dengan presetasi 89,5%. 2) Video animasi Flipaclip berbasis PAIKEM sangat menarik untuk dijadikan bahan ajar berdasarkan penilaian guru memperoleh presentasi 90%.