bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum anion gap and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Huang Zilun , Wang Shanjie , Yang Shuang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA high serum anion gap (AG) at the time of patient admission can lead to the deterioration or even death; data are lacking for patients who suffer acute heart failure (AHF). The present study aimed at exploring the impact of serum AG (SAG) levels on the in-hospital mortality in AHF patients. The study conducted retrospective analysis on the data from the medical information mart for intensive care (MIMIC-IV) database in severe AHF cases. Serum AG, age, sex, concomitant diseases and laboratory tests were collected from patients at admission. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model together with Kaplan Meier (K–M) survival curve served for analyzing the relationship of serum AG with the hospital all-cause mortality (ACM). In addition, subgroup analysis assisted in assessing the concordance. Data from 2774 AHF patients were collected in the study. The hospital ACM rate was 9.2% (254/2774). After correcting potential confounders, multivariate analysis compared the high serum AG level (≥ 16 mmol/L) and the low serum AG level (< 16 mmol/L) (hazard ratio (HR): 1.89 [95% CI 1.42–2.51]). In a similar way, K–M survival curve indicated that hospital survival was lower in patients with high serum, suggesting that high serum AG level could lead to poor AHF prognosis. In patients with AHF, high serum AG level could increase the hospital ACM.
CKAP5 stabilizes CENP-E at kinetochores by regulating microtubule-chromosome attachments
Authors: Lakshmi R Bhagya , Nayak Pinaki , Raz Linoy , Sarkar Apurba , Saroha Akshay , Kumari Pratibha , Nair Vishnu M , Kombarakkaran Delvin P , Sajana S , M G Sanusha , Agasti Sarit S , Paul Raja , Ben-David Uri , Manna Tapas K 
Published: February 2024

AbstractStabilization of microtubule plus end-directed kinesin CENP-E at the metaphase kinetochores is important for chromosome alignment, but its mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that CKAP5, a conserved microtubule plus tip protein, regulates CENP-E at kinetochores in human cells. Depletion of CKAP5 impairs CENP-E localization at kinetochores at the metaphase plate and results in increased kinetochore–microtubule stability and attachment errors. Erroneous attachments are also supported by computational modeling. Analysis of CKAP5 knockout cancer cells of multiple tissue origins shows that CKAP5 is preferentially essential in aneuploid, chromosomally unstable cells, and the sensitivity to CKAP5 depletion is correlated to that of CENP-E depletion. CKAP5 depletion leads to reduction in CENP-E-BubR1 interaction and the interaction is rescued by TOG4-TOG5 domain of CKAP5. The same domain can rescue CKAP5 depletion-induced CENP-E removal from the kinetochores. Interestingly, CKAP5 depletion facilitates recruitment of PP1 to the kinetochores and furthermore, a PP1 target site-specific CENP-E phospho-mimicking mutant gets stabilized at kinetochores in the CKAP5-depleted cells. Together, the results support a model in which CKAP5 controls mitotic chromosome attachment errors by stabilizing CENP-E at kinetochores and by regulating stability of the kinetochore-attached microtubules.
Racial Differences in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: An Ecological Epidemiological Study
Authors: Kang Dong-Seon , Yang Pil-Sung , Kim Daehoon , Jang Eunsun , Yu Hee Tae , Kim Tae-Hoon , Sung Jung-Hoon , Pak Hui-Nam , Lee Moon-Hyoung , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Joung Boyoung 
Published: February 2024

Background This study aimed to evaluate racial differences in the incidence of stroke by conducting an ecological epidemiological study using UK Biobank and Korean nationwide data.
Methods This study used individual data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening and UK Biobank, which included participants who underwent health examinations between 2006 and 2010. We included 112,750 East Asians (50.7% men, mean age: 52.6 years) and 210,995 Caucasians (44.7% men, mean age: 55.0 years) who were not diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cancer. The primary outcome was defined as a composite of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Results East Asians tended to have a lower body mass index (23.7 vs. 26.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and a higher proportion of participants who did not engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (49.6% vs. 10.7%, p < 0.001) than Caucasians. During the follow-up, East Asians had higher 5-year incidence rates (presented as per 1,000 person-years) for primary outcome (1.73 vs. 0.50; IR ratio [IRR]: 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.13–3.88), ischemic stroke (1.23 vs. 0.33; IRR: 3.70, 95% CI: 3.25–4.21), hemorrhagic stroke (0.56 vs. 0.18; IRR: 3.20, 95% CI: 2.67–3.84), and atrial fibrillation-related stroke (0.19 vs. 0.09; IRR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.55–2.68).
Conclusion Based on this ecological epidemiological study, racial differences in stroke incidence were robust to a variety of statistical analyses, regardless of the subtype. This suggests the need for region-specific approaches to stroke prevention.
Promotive and prohibitive ethical voice in groups: the effect of faultlines and role ambiguity
Authors: Qi Meng , Liu Fei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the role of ethical voice in promoting ethics in working units, scant attention has been devoted to the emergence and boundary conditions of collective ethical voice. In accordance with the integration between regulatory focus theory and social identity theory, this research explores the antecedents and moderators of promotive ethical voice and prohibitive ethical voice in working units. Hierarchical regression analysis of field data on 632 employees and 62 leaders at three Chinese organizations supports the hypotheses. Faultlines negatively relate to promotive ethical voice and prohibitive ethical voice in groups. Role ambiguity moderates the effect of two forms of ethical voice on citizenship behaviors and task performance in groups. Based on regulatory focus and social identity theory, this study contributes to existing research by revealing faultlines to be barriers of collective promotive and prohibitive ethical voice. Additionally, this research provides a novel lens to understand the underlying interaction mechanisms through which role ambiguity regulates the effect of ethical voice on performance in groups.
Temporal changes in cumulative mortality risks of cancer, by occupation, in the working population of Japan from 1995 to 2020: a benchmark for radiation risk comparison
Authors: Takada Momo , Hirouchi Jun , Kujiraoka Ikuo , Takahara Shogo , Schneider Thierry , Kai Michiaki 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide benchmark data for discussing the tolerability of cancer risk associated with occupational radiation exposure. It focused on differences in cancer mortality risk by occupation among Japan’s working population and examined baseline cancer mortality risks and its variations from 1995 through 2020. Data were collected every five years from national vital statistics sources. By focusing on the same types of cancer among radiation induced effects, cumulative mortality risks were calculated for colorectal, lung, and breast cancer (females only) for those aged 15–74. The average cumulative mortality risk for the working population in Japan has decreased by 30%–60% over the past 25 years. Service workers and male managers were at an average risk, among all workers, while clerical workers and transportation and manufacturing workers had about half the average risk. The risks were higher for professionals and female managers, about 1.5–2 times the average for professionals and up to 5 times the average for female managers. The decrease in the average cancer mortality risk in the working population as a baseline suggests that risk tolerance in society might have changed over time. Since differences in mortality by occupation were confirmed, the usefulness of occupational data as a benchmark needs further investigation, as high-risk/low-risk occupations vary by country and region. The results of this study contribute to put radiation risks into perspective with the background risk of cancer.
Exact solutions of steady Euler equations in two dimension by functional separation
Authors: Kim Sun-Chul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Exact solutions of two dimensional Euler equations for incompressible fluid flows are found by the functional separation of variables. More specifically, two independent variables are considered in the Cartesian coordinates, polar coordinates and also general orthogonal curvilinear coordinates which include elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic systems. Several new solutions are obtained and other classical solutions are rediscovered.
Communication between healthcare professionals and patients with hearing loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Weerapol Neeranun , Leelakanok Nattawut 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze published evidence on modes of communication between healthcare professionals and patients with hearing loss.

Methods
MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and Thai Journals Online Complete databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Data on the prevalence and types of communication between healthcare professionals and patients with any extent of hearing loss were extracted.

Results
Twenty studies were included. Using a hearing aid (pooled prevalence, 57.4%; 95% CI, 11.4%-103.4%, N = 3, I2 = 99.33) and gestures (pooled prevalence = 54.8%, 95%CI: 17.4% to 92.1%, N = 7, I2 = 99.68) were the most commonly reported modes of communication. Few healthcare professionals could use sign language, and limited access to qualified interpreters was common.

Conclusion
Communication barriers exist. Qualified sign language interpreters and assistive technology should be used to improve communication.
Towards Clarification of the Second Language Learner Engagement Construct: Taking Stock of its Conceptual Overlap and Hierarchical Structure
Authors: Vo Hoi 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
L2 learner engagement is an emerging but critical construct in the field of psychology of language learning and teaching. However, research on L2 learner engagement has suffered from the inconsistent operationalization of the multidimensional structure of the construct and the conceptual overlap among its different components, making research synthesis and comparison across studies and contexts challenging. This study tested the utility of the bi-factor exploratory structural equation modelling framework (B-ESEM)—an overarching psychometric framework that can address the two critical concerns associated with the operationalization and measurement of L2 learner engagement. Data were collected from 413 Vietnamese EFL students. Through two stages of rigorous and strategic data analysis, the results suggested that participants’ responses to the L2 learner engagement scale could be best represented by a B-ESEM model that simultaneously assessed the global L2 engagement factor along with the specific components of behavioural, cognitive, affective, and social engagement while, at the same time, controlling for the cross-loadings of items onto non-target factors. Results of the study were discussed from both psychometric and substantive perspectives and implications were provided to capitalize on the utility of the B-ESEM approach in the assessment of L2 learner engagement.
Benefits of a ‘Psy-Curriculum’ for Theorising Interprofessional Practice Provision of School Support Services
Authors: Hoang Andrew Pau 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
School-based support services (SSS) professionals include social workers, counsellors and pastoral care teachers who assess and intervene upon issues affecting students’ well-being and academic success. However, SSS are seldom foregrounded in the psycho-socialisation processes of schooling, particularly as a site of interprofessional practice. Drawing on observational fieldwork in three Hong Kong schools, this study illustrates how SSS professionals assess and intervene upon an assemblage of risk concerns: students’ behaviours, afflictions and academic performance. By advancing the concept of psy-curriculum, this study examines the historical and structural conditions that shape contemporary SSS provision. Crucially, the psy-curriculum bridges the clinical practices of SSS with issues that concern inequity and anti-oppressive practice. This has implications for theorising the provision of interprofessional practice in schools, and the intersectoral policies (education, social welfare and health/mental health) that shape how SSS enact particular psychosocial interventions to support students.
Asymmetric cyclization catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid–gold(I) hybrid complex as a multifunctional catalyst
Authors: Taniguchi Naoya , Ueda Mitsuhiro , Michigami Kenichi , Mori Seiji , Ohashi Masato 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We herein report the development of a novel hybrid complex containing gold(I) and a chiral phosphoric acid moiety to generate a multifunctional catalyst. While the use of chiral phosphoric acid as a bifunctional catalyst is a common strategy in asymmetric organic synthesis, chiral phosphoric acid–transition metal hybrid complexes as multifunctional catalysts have not been investigated. Thus, we designed and synthesized a novel gold(I) hybrid complex as a multifunctional catalyst that promotes asymmetric catalytic reactions through multipoint nonclassical noncovalent interactions in substrates that lack classical hydrogen-bond donors. In addition, we demonstrate its usefulness as a multifunctional catalyst by successfully developing the first catalytic asymmetric synthesis of dihydrocyclohepta[b]indoles. Experimental and theoretical studies revealed that this asymmetric catalytic reaction involves the kinetic resolution of the reaction intermediate, and that the favored diastereomeric transition state for yielding enantiomeric products is formed through multipoint nonclassical noncovalent interactions originating from the acid–base nature of the chiral phosphoric acid moiety.
The Legal Classification of Human Capital in ‘Markets, Hybrids and Hierarchies’
Authors: Ang Lance 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The growth in platform work in the digital economy has challenged the legal classification of human capital across ‘markets, hybrids, and hierarchies’ in the labour market. In comparing the trinary approach in English law with Singapore’s binary approach in determining worker status, the aim of this article is to consider how Singapore’s labour law should be restructured and hybrid workers should be accorded appropriate recognition in order to recalibrate the coordination-risk bargain between capital and labour. The coordination-risk bargain – as the key function of labour law in the regulation of hybrid workers – refers to the capacity of the firm to coordinate the allocation of labour inputs under non-standard employment arrangements in exchange for absorbing the social and economic risks of the worker’s subordination and dependence. On this basis, this article proposes a reformulation of the ‘limb (b) worker’ category under the UK Employment Rights Act 1996, which should form the basis of labour law reforms in Singapore towards a more sustainable form of capitalism.
Substrate and Functional Diversity of Protein Lysine Post-translational Modifications
Authors: Hao Bingbing , Chen Kaifeng , Zhai Linhui , Liu Muyin , Liu Bin , Tan Minjia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Lysine post-translational modifications (PTMs) are widespread and versatile protein PTMs that are involved in diverse biological processes by regulating the fundamental functions of histone and non-histone proteins. Dysregulation of lysine PTMs is implicated in many diseases, and targeting lysine PTM regulatory factors, including writers, erasers, and readers, has become an effective strategy for disease therapy. The continuing development of mass spectrometry (MS) technologies coupled with antibody-based affinity enrichment technologies greatly promotes the discovery and decoding of PTMs. The global characterization of lysine PTMs is crucial for deciphering the regulatory networks, molecular functions, and mechanisms of action of lysine PTMs. In this review, we focus on lysine PTMs, and provide a summary of the regulatory enzymes of diverse lysine PTMs and the proteomics advances in lysine PTMs by MS technologies. We also discuss the types and biological functions of lysine PTM crosstalks on histone and non-histone proteins and current druggable targets of lysine PTM regulatory factors for disease therapy.
When Is Old Too Old? The Problem of Leaning on Outdated Historical Work and a Simple Distinction between Two Kinds of Evidence to Address This
Authors: Møller Jørgen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
While international relations and comparative politics scholars are often hesitant to lean on old empirical findings in their own discipline, they have no similar qualms when it comes to the work of historians. This is sometimes problematic and sometimes not. To help political scientists who are going historical address this issue, I revisit prior methodological work by Cameron Thies, published in these pages, to introduce a distinction between two kinds of historical evidence: (i) “factual evidence,” which is relatively specific descriptive evidence that ages well and where there is often no alternative to enlisting older work, and (ii) “inferential evidence,” which is broader historical interpretations that tend to become outdated much more quickly. This distinction provides a shortcut for political scientists going historical who do not have the resources to systematically review historiography to document whether a certain piece of historical evidence has stood the test of time or not.
Taiyi: a bilingual fine-tuned large language model for diverse biomedical tasks
Authors: Luo Ling , Ning Jinzhong , Zhao Yingwen , Wang Zhijun , Ding Zeyuan , Chen Peng , Fu Weiru , Han Qinyu , Xu Guangtao , Qiu Yunzhi , Pan Dinghao , Li Jiru , Li Hao , Feng Wenduo , Tu Senbo , Liu Yuqi , Yang Zhihao , Wang Jian , Sun Yuanyuan , Lin Hongfei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
Most existing fine-tuned biomedical large language models (LLMs) focus on enhancing performance in monolingual biomedical question answering and conversation tasks. To investigate the effectiveness of the fine-tuned LLMs on diverse biomedical natural language processing (NLP) tasks in different languages, we present Taiyi, a bilingual fine-tuned LLM for diverse biomedical NLP tasks.

Materials and Methods
We first curated a comprehensive collection of 140 existing biomedical text mining datasets (102 English and 38 Chinese datasets) across over 10 task types. Subsequently, these corpora were converted to the instruction data used to fine-tune the general LLM. During the supervised fine-tuning phase, a 2-stage strategy is proposed to optimize the model performance across various tasks.

Results
Experimental results on 13 test sets, which include named entity recognition, relation extraction, text classification, and question answering tasks, demonstrate that Taiyi achieves superior performance compared to general LLMs. The case study involving additional biomedical NLP tasks further shows Taiyi’s considerable potential for bilingual biomedical multitasking.

Conclusion
Leveraging rich high-quality biomedical corpora and developing effective fine-tuning strategies can significantly improve the performance of LLMs within the biomedical domain. Taiyi shows the bilingual multitasking capability through supervised fine-tuning. However, those tasks such as information extraction that are not generation tasks in nature remain challenging for LLM-based generative approaches, and they still underperform the conventional discriminative approaches using smaller language models.
Round-up of European Union trade marks in 2023
Authors: Folliard-Monguiral Arnaud , Rogers David 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to provide a quick overview of the most significant European Union trade mark (EUTM) cases decided in 2023 by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the General Court (GC). This article has a practical bias and is aimed at readers who rapidly wish to find the key decisions of 2023.
Health-care organization characteristics in cancer care delivery: an integrated conceptual framework with content validation
Authors: Weaver Sallie J , Breslau Erica S , Russell Lauren E , Zhang Allen , Sharma Ritu , Bass Eric B , Marsteller Jill A , Snyder Claire 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Context can influence cancer-related outcomes. For example, health-care organization characteristics, including ownership, leadership, and culture, can affect care access, communication, and patient outcomes. Health-care organization characteristics and other contextual factors can also influence whether and how clinical discoveries reduce cancer incidence, morbidity, and mortality. Importantly, policy, market, and technology changes are transforming health-care organization design, culture, and operations across the cancer continuum. Consequently, research is essential to examine when, for whom, and how organizational characteristics influence person-level, organization-level, and population-level cancer outcomes. Understanding organizational characteristics—the structures, processes, and other features of entities involved in health care delivery—and their dynamics is an important yet understudied area of care delivery research across the cancer continuum. Research incorporating organizational characteristics is critical to address health inequities, test care delivery models, adapt interventions, and strengthen implementation. The field lacks conceptual grounding, however, to help researchers identify germane organizational characteristics. We propose a framework identifying organizational characteristics relevant for cancer care delivery research based on conceptual work in health services, organizational behavior, and management science and refined using a systematic review and key informant input. The proposed framework is a tool for organizing existing research and enhancing future cancer care delivery research. Following a 2012 Journal of the National Cancer Institute monograph, this work complements National Cancer Institute efforts to stimulate research addressing the relationship between cancer outcomes and contextual factors at the patient, provider, team, delivery organization, community, and health policy levels.