bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin after embryo transfer and subsequent miscarriage, pre‐eclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Kabodmehri Roya , Ghanami Gashti Nasrin , Zahiri Sorouri Ziba , Sharami Seyedeh Hajar , Milani Forozan , Hasanpour Marziyeh , Eslami‐Kenarsari Habib , Rafiei Sorouri Zahra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine maternal serum concentration of β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) on Day 16 after embryo transfer and risk of miscarriage, pre‐eclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).MethodsIn this study, we evaluated 125 pregnancies following in vitro fertilization (IVF). β‐hCG concentrations were measured on the morning of Day 16 after embryo transfer. Baseline characteristics of the study participants were also recorded.ResultsConcentrations of β‐hCG on Day 16 after embryo transfer were inversely associated with the higher risk of miscarriage (p < 0.001), but did not with pre‐eclampsia and IUGR (p > 0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient showed a reverse and significant association between β‐hCG and higher risk of miscarriage (σ = 0.531 and p < 0.001). There was a significant association between frozen embryo transfer and the risk of IUGR and pre‐eclampsia (p = 0.005 and p = 0.023, respectively).ConclusionsMaternal serum concentrations of β‐hCG on Day 16 after IVF/embryo transfer were associated with the higher risk of miscarriage, but not pre‐eclampsia and IUGR.
A mini review of reinfection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant
Authors: Shen Hongwei , Chen Dingqiang , Li Chenglin , Huang Tingting , Ma Wen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 has caused severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. After the end of the dynamic zero‐COVID policy in China in December, 2022, concerns regarding reinfection were raised while little was known due to the lack of surveillance data in this country.AimsThis study reviews the probability, risk factors, and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant reinfection, as well as the interval between infections, risk of onward transmission by reinfected cases, and the role of booster vaccination against reinfection.SourcesReferences for this review were identified through searches of PubMed and Web of Science up to September 24, 2023.ResultsThe rate of reinfection ranges from 3.1% to 13.0%. Factors associated with a higher risk of reinfection include being female, having comorbidities, and being unvaccinated. Reinfection with the BA.4 or BA.5 variant occurs approximately 180 days after the initial infection. Reinfections are less clinically severe than primary infections, and there is evidence of lower transmissibility. The debate surrounding the effectiveness and feasibility of booster vaccinations in preventing reinfection continues.ConclusionsThe reinfection rate during the Omicron epidemic is significantly higher than in previous epidemic periods. However, the symptoms and infectivity of reinfection were weaker than those of the prior infection. Medical staff and individuals at high risk of reinfection should be vigilant. The efficacy of booster vaccinations in reducing reinfection is currently under debate.
Evaluation of nanolayer and particle size on fluid transport through rotating disks
Authors: Akinshilo Akinbowale T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the impact of nanolayer which shows the relationship between the nanoparticle and pure fluid is investigated on the fluid transport and thermal transfer through a rotating system. The nanolayer shows the relationship between the nanoparticle and base liquid, signifying a higher thermal conductivity than the nanoparticle and lower conductivity than the base fluid. Also, the effect of larger nanoparticle size and volume on fluid thermal distribution is considered. The nanoparticle raises the fluid thermal conductivity with the aim of conserving thermal transfer during fluid transport, consequently saving energy. The mechanics of the fluid is developed using a higher‐order coupled system of nonlinear models, solved with the aid of the Homotopy perturbation method. Obtained results from the analysis show the impact of nanolayer expansion on thermal distribution increases boundary layer thickness. Also, the size of the nanoparticle when varied from 10 to 40 nm shows a heat transfer increase of 17.02% at the center of the disk. Particle size increase indicates temperature rise as nanolayer size encompassing the nanoparticle increases. Obtained results when compared against literature give good agreement. The study finds useful applications in coolant and lubricant processing amongst other practical applications.
Impact of dam construction on sediment transport capacity: A case study of the Three Gorges Reservoir
Authors: Jin Zhongwu , Feng Le , Liu Yujiao , Liu Ya , Xu Dong , Liu Zhaoxi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReservoir sedimentation affects lifespan, hydropower generation, water resource use, and ecosystem sustainability. In this study, using measured data from the world‐renowned Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), sediment transport capacity was analysed from 2002 to 2020 at four TGR gauging stations (Cuntan, Qingxichang, Wanxian, and Miaohe). The result indicated that: (1) a significant decrease in sediment transport capacity occurred in the TGR before and after dam construction, with an overall reduction of 82% in the perennial backwater zone. Notably, Qingxichang, Wanxian, and Miaohe experienced reductions of 40%, 91%, and 59%, respectively. Since the initial operation phase, their maximum monthly sediment transport capacity has consistently occurred in July. (2) Changes in the water level in front of the dam, the incoming flow, and sediment influxes were the primary factors driving the annual variations in sediment transport capacity. Among the factors affecting the variation of sediment transport capacity along the TGR, the influence of the cross‐sectional morphology was more pronounced than that of the distance from the dam. Sediment transport capacities in the wide and shallow sections were considerably lower than those in the narrow and deep sections. (3) A sediment transport amplitude index () was proposed to assess the sediment dynamics within the TGR, which effectively characterized the sedimentation conditions based on the relative importance of these influencing factors. These findings provide a theoretical basis for operational strategies in the TGR and offer insights into the patterns of sediment transport capacity changes in reservoir areas before and after dam construction in other river‐type reservoirs.
Evaluation of the ecological risk of pesticide residues from the European LUCAS Soil monitoring 2018 survey
Authors: Franco Antonio , Vieira Diana , Clerbaux Laure-Alix , Orgiazzi Alberto , Labouyrie Maeva , Köninger Julia , Silva Vera , van Dam Ruud , Carnesecchi Edoardo , Dorne Jean Lou C. M. , Vuaille Jeanne , Lobo Vicente Joana , Jones Arwyn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The 2018 LUCAS (Land Use and Coverage Area frame Survey) Soil Pesticides survey provides a European Union (EU)-scale assessment of 118 pesticide residues in more than 3473 soil sites. This study responds to the policy need to develop risk-based indicators for pesticides in the environment. Two mixture risk indicators are presented for soil based, respectively, on the lowest and the median of available No Observed Effect Concentration (NOECsoil,min and NOECsoil,50) from publicly available toxicity datasets. Two further indicators were developed based on the corresponding equilibrium concentration in the aqueous phase and aquatic toxicity data, which are available as species sensitivity distributions. Pesticides were quantified in 74.5% of the sites. The mixture risk indicator based on the NOECsoil,min exceeds 1 in 14% of the sites and 0.1 in 23%. The insecticides imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos and the fungicide epoxiconazole are the largest contributors to the overall risk. At each site, one or a few substances drive mixture risk. Modes of actions most likely associated with mixture effects include modulation of acetylcholine metabolism (neonicotinoids and organophosphate substances) and sterol biosynthesis inhibition (triazole fungicides). Several pesticides driving the risk have been phased out since 2018. Following LUCAS surveys will determine the effectiveness of substance-specific risk management and the overall progress toward risk reduction targets established by EU and UN policies. Newly generated data and knowledge will stimulate needed future research on pesticides, soil health, and biodiversity protection. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1639–1653. © 2024 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Key Points
The 2018 LUCAS Pesticide survey provides a European Union (EU)-scale assessment of 118 pesticide residues in more than 3473 soil sites. Mixture soil risk indicators were developed for use in retrospective assessments. Results set a baseline to track progress toward meeting EU policy objectives.
Frequency converting and digital modulation of light derived from lanthanide for signal encoding and logic computing
Authors: Chen Haisheng , Shen Jiaying , Du Xiaona , Cai Songhua , Guo Feng , Io Weng Fu , Zhou Tianhong , Dong Zhengang , Bian Taiyu , Guo Jiaxing , Liu Weiwei , Zhang Yang , Wu Zhenping , Hao Jianhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractModulation of light underpins a central part of modern optoelectronics. Conventional optical modulators based on refractive‐index and absorption variation in the presence of an electric field serve as the workhorse for diverse photonic technologies. However, these approaches based on electro‐refraction or electro‐absorption effect impose limitations on frequency converting and signal amplification. Lanthanide‐activated phosphors offer a promising platform for nonlinear frequency conversion with an abundant spectrum. Here, we propose a novel approach to achieve frequency conversion and digital modulation of light signal by coupling lanthanide luminescence with an electrically responsive ferroelectric host. The technological benefits of such paradigm‐shifting solution are highlighted by demonstrating a quasi‐continuous and enhancement of the lanthanide luminescence. The ability to locally manipulate light emission can convert digital information signals into visible waveforms, and visualize electrical logic and arithmetic operations. The proof‐of‐concept device exhibits perspectives for developing light‐compatible logic functions. These results pave the way to design more controllable lanthanide photonics with desired opto‐electronic coupling.image
Fe‐doped Ni3S2@CoSx nanoarrays derived from MOF as bifunctional electrocatalysts for efficient overall water‐splitting
Authors: Song Jia‐Le , Li Lu‐Bing , Wang Yun‐Hai , Chen Qing‐Yun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFabricating high‐performance bifunctional electrocatalysts remains challenging to promote the development of electrocatalytic water‐splitting.RESULTA heterostructure Fe‐Ni3S2@CoSx/NF was successfully synthesized using an interfacial engineering strategy. Benefiting from the strong synergistic effect between highly active cobalt sulfide (CoSx) and iron‐doped trinickel‐disulfide (Ni3S2) (Fe‐Ni3S2), Fe‐Ni3S2@CoSx/NF exhibited outstanding bifunctional performance, with low overpotentials of 77 and 217 mV for the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively, at 10 mA cm−2.CONCLUSIONThe CoSx nanoarrays and Fe‐Ni3S2 nanosheets respectively served as HER and OER active centers. When Fe‐Ni3S2@CoSx/NF was used as both cathode and anode for overall water‐splitting, a low voltage of 1.52 V was required to reach the current density of 10 mA cm−2 with nearly 100% Faradic efficiency and outstanding durability. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A nonuniform linearized Galerkin‐spectral method for nonlinear fractional pseudo‐parabolic equations based on admissible regularities
Authors: Fardi M. , Mohammadi S. , Hendy A. S. , Zaky M. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with the nonlinear fractional pseudo‐parabolic equations (FPPEs). We propose an accurate numerical algorithm for solving the aforementioned well‐known equation. The problem is discretized in the temporal direction by utilizing a graded mesh linearized scheme and in the spatial direction by the Galerkin‐spectral scheme. We investigate the stability conditions of the proposed scheme. We also provide an error estimate of the proposed approach to demonstrate that it is convergent with temporal second‐order accuracy for fitted grading parameters. The proposed scheme is also extended to tackle coupled FPPEs. Numerical experiments are provided to validate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed scheme.
Are Lentil (Lens culinaris) Farms Productive, Profitable, and Efficient in Resource Allocation? A Cross‐Sectional Study From Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Binod , Dhakal Shiva Chandra , Marahatta Santosh , Bastakoti Ram Chandra 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe study was based on primary data from 473 lentil farmers selected randomly to analyze productivity, profitability, efficiency, and sensitivity of lentil farms in Nepal. Methods like benefit–cost, break‐even, margin safety, and sensitivity analysis, scaling technique, Cobb–Douglas type of production function, and stochastic frontier were adopted to derive farm economics, allocative, and cost efficiency levels. With average productivity of 672 kg/ha, lentil farmers in the study area were earning about 41% profit as of gross return with a profitability index of 0.78. About 45% margin of safety and estimates of benefit–cost ratio above one on all sensitivity measures is indicative of low risk and robust enterprise. Resources allocated in lentil production were found inefficient, and to achieve maximum return, expenses on land preparation, seed, nutrient, and plant protection cum irrigation should be increased by 27.6%, 80%, 33.1%, and 97%, respectively. Similarly, expenses on labor and harvesting activities need to be decreased by 30.1% and 23.6%. Labor cost and seed cost were the most important variables, and a 1% increase would surge the total production costs by 0.42% and 0.19%, respectively. The cost efficiency was estimated as 1.137 mean value, meaning that over 13.7% of the costs in lentil farms is wasted while comparing best‐practiced farm. Only about 48% of farms is fairly efficient at efficiency levels 1.0 to 1.09, but the majority is inefficient, which needs to minimize the waste of resources. Although suffering from climatic risks and production‐related problems, lentil enterprise is profitable, less risky, less sensitive, and fairly to inefficient in resource use. Wise attention is need on the part of farm management and resource utilization. Farmers are suggested to maintain farm size around 0.5 ha or below 1 ha, use only improved varietal seed, cut labor expenses with the use of machinery, and perform adequate tillage during sowing followed by effective disease management practices.
First application of one‐class support vector machine algorithms for detecting abnormal behavior of marine medaka Oryzias javanicus exposed to the harmful alga Karenia mikimotoi
Authors: Chairil Abrianna Elke , Takai Yuki , Koba Yosuke , Kijimoto Shinya , Tsuruda Yukinari , Kang Ik‐Joon , Oshima Yuji , Shimasaki Yohei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt is empirically known that fish exposed to harmful algal blooms (HABs) exhibit abnormal behavior. This might serve as a method for early detection of HABs. There has been no report of the detection of behavioral abnormalities of fish exposed to harmful algae using machine learning. In this study, the behavior of Oryzias javanicus (Java medaka) exposed in a stepwise manner to the HAB species Karenia mikimotoi at densities of 0 cells mL−1 (control), 1 × 103 cells mL−1 (nonlethal), and 5 × 103 cells mL−1 (sublethal) was recorded for 30 min at each cell density using two digital cameras connected to a software that tracked behavioral metrics of fish. The level of anomaly in the behavior of Java medaka was then analyzed using one‐class support vector machines (OC‐SVM) to determine whether the behavioral changes could be considered abnormal. The results revealed abnormal swimming behavior evidenced by an increase of swimming speed, a decrease of shoaling behavior, and a greater depth of swimming in Java medaka exposed especially to the sublethal K. mikimotoi density. The medaka exposed to K. mikimotoi also displayed physical deformities of their gills that were thought to have caused their abnormal behavior. This supposition was confirmed by further analysis using OC‐SVM because the behavior of groups exposed to nonlethal and sublethal densities of K. mikimotoi were considered abnormal compared with that of the control groups. The results of this study show the possibility of using this system for early and real‐time detection of HABs.
A timely helping hand: China‐U.S. Trade War, government subsidy, and firm innovation
Authors: Chen Ze , Yang Qiming , Wu Zhihao , Min Jiajun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact and mechanism of the China‐U.S. trade war on firm innovation in China exploiting the trade war as a quasi‐natural experiment using firm‐level data from 2015 to 2020. We apply textual analysis to annual reports of listed firms to identify treatment and control groups. Our DID estimates show that while the trade war is a negative shock, it has increased the number of total patent applications, invention patent applications, and non‐invention patent applications by 6.0%, 3.7%, and 4.1%, respectively. We also observe that government subsidies could help firms resist adverse shocks on time with more innovation outcomes. Furthermore, we find the pertinence of government subsidy. The government tended to grant subsidies to firms that have trade connections with the U.S. and firms would use subsidies for R&D to increase innovation. Overall, we find that the trade war prompts the government to increase subsidies for firms, thereby boosting innovation.
An integrated EOS, pore‐crush, strength and damage model framework for near‐field ground‐shock
Authors: Bennett Kane C. , Stahl Alyson M. , Canfield Thomas R. , Euler Garrett G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn integrated Equation of State (EOS) and strength/pore‐crush/damage model framework is provided for modeling near to source (near‐field) ground‐shock response, where large deformations and pressures necessitate coupling EOS with pressure‐dependent plastic yield and damage. Nonlinear pressure‐dependence of strength up to high‐pressures is combined with a Modified Cam‐Clay‐like cap‐plasticity model in a way to allow degradation of strength from pore‐crush damage, what we call the “Yp‐Cap” model. Nonlinear hardening under compaction allows modeling the crush‐out of pores in combination with a fully saturated EOS, that is, for modeling partially saturated ground‐shock response, where air‐filled voids crush. Attention is given to algorithmic clarity and efficiency of the provided model, and the model is employed in example numerical simulations, including finite element simulations of underground explosions to exemplify its robustness and utility.
Pre‐pregnancy maternal obesity and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes in Latino infants
Authors: Babaei Mahsa , Machle Christopher J. , Mokhtari Pari , Ottino González Jonatan , Schmidt Kelsey A. , Alderete Tanya L. , Adise Shana , Peterson Bradley S. , Goran Michael I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores the impact of maternal pre‐pregnancy BMI on infant neurodevelopment at 24 months in low‐income Latino families. It also investigates whether infant diet mediates this relationship.MethodsLatino mother‐infant pairs (n = 163) were enrolled at 1 month post partum and were followed for 2 years, with assessments at 6‐month intervals. Maternal pre‐pregnancy anthropometrics were self‐reported at baseline, and child neurodevelopment was assessed at 24 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Diet quality of infants was measured using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)‐2015 and HEI‐Toddlers‐2020 scores at multiple time points. Mediation and regression models that adjust for maternal factors were used to examine the associations.ResultsPre‐pregnancy BMI showed significant negative associations with child cognitive scores (β = −0.1, 95% CI: −0.2 to −0.06, p < 0.001) and language scores (β = −0.1, 95% CI: −0.2 to −0.03, p = 0.01) at 24 months. Infant HEI‐2015 scores at 24 months partly mediated these associations, explaining 23% and 30% of the total effect on cognitive and language subscales, respectively. No specific dietary components in infants mediated the relationship, except for the total HEI‐2015 score.ConclusionsManaging maternal obesity pre‐pregnancy is crucial for improving infant neurodevelopmental outcomes, especially in low‐income Latino families. Promoting healthy weight and enhancing infant diet quality can enhance neurodevelopment in these populations.
Event‐triggered H∞ and reduced‐order asynchronous filtering for fuzzy Markov jump systems with time‐varying delays
Authors: Vigneshwar B. , Ali M. Syed , Perumal R. , Priya Bandana , Thakur Ganesh Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe challenge of and asynchronous reduced‐order design for Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy Markovian jump systems (MJSs) with time‐varying delays under the event‐triggered scheme (ETS) is investigated in this dissertation. A distributed event‐triggered strategy is provided on the basis of the specified triggering function to ensure consensus in the system, so effectively reducing data transmission. The existence conditions for a class of Markovian jump discrete‐time systems are determined. Unlike previous results, we present a novel membership function‐dependent fuzzy Lyapunov‐Krasovsikii (L‐K) functional with mode‐dependent integral terms, resulting in a stochastically stable filtering error system with the desired performance. By solving linear matrix inequality (LMIs), the recommended filter parameters are achieved. The proposed reduced‐order filter is demonstrated in numerical examples as effective as it is advantageous.
Changing discourse of public administration: Where PAD stands?
Authors: Rajan Swarn , Sen Aariya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPublic administration in the recent years has become a very dynamic and vast domain owing to evolving challenges. Our study aims to comparatively evaluate the changing discourse in public administration research in general and ‘Public Administration and Development’ (PAD) in particular. For this purpose, we have taken research articles from nine journals of public administration domain for the period of 2010–2022. We have used the text‐mining based approach of Dynamic Topic Modelling to understand the evolution of topics in public administration research. This is followed by the Named Entity Recognition (NER) to discover the geographic importance given in public administration research vis‐à‐vis PAD. We have used the measure of ‘Jaccard similarity’ to compare the changing discourse of PAD with respect to other journals. We have found that topics on approaches to governance, organization performance and health were always on the priority in literature. We have also found that topic coverage in PAD is more diverse and niche compared to the overall trends in public administration research. NER findings suggest that public administration research is more Euro‐North American centric while PAD has pan‐continental presence with focus on developing countries.