bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of orally administered sodium cromoglycate in asthma and urticaria due to foods
Authors: HARRIES M. G. , O'BRIEN I. M. , BURGE P. S. , PEPYS J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryOut of twenty patients with a history of asthma or urticaria attributed to food substances, ten reacted on oral challenge: seven with asthma, one with asthma and urticaria and two with urticaria alone. In five of the eight asthmatic reactors, the symptoms developed within a few sec and there was no associated rise in free venous plasma histamine. In those remaining, two with asthma, two with urticaria and one with both, the symptoms developed only after 20–30 min. A rise in free plasma histamine occurred only in the two subjects with urticaria alone. The third with urticaria and asthma did not have blood estimations performed.Sodium cromoglycate in a dosage of 800 mg a day for 1 week, or a single dose of 1.0 g by mouth, did not block any of the reactions. By inhalation it blocked the asthmatic reactions which developed within a few sec of challenge.
Treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria with combined HI and H2 blockers
Authors: PHANUPHAK P. , SCHOCKET A. , KOHLER P. F. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCombined H1 (cyproheptadine) and H2 antihistamines (cimetidine) were tried in eight patients with chronic urticaria who were previously unresponsive to conventional anti‐urticarial regimens, including type I antihistamines, hydroxyzine, ephedrine and corticosteroids. 50 % of the patients responded with 90 % or greater improvement within 10 days. The remaining 50% showed no benefit. Side effects of the medications were minimal. These results indicate that a 10 day trial of both H1 and H2 antihistamines may be useful in patients with chronic urticaria resistant to all other standard treatment modalities.
Humidifier fever and endotoxin exposure
Authors: RYLANDER R. , HAGLIND P. , LUNDHOLM M. , MATTSBY I. , STENQVIST K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThree cases of humidifier fever were detected in an office environment. Flavobacteria were found in the contaminated water in a humidifier. After an experimental exposure, the three persons with previous symptoms suffered from fever and slight respiratory symptoms. A leucocytosis and an increase in the number of segmented white blood cells were found the day following the exposure. General immuno‐globulins as well as antibodies to Flavobacterium and endotoxin were slightly elevated in the exposed group. The possibility that endotoxins may be the causative agent by means of an indirect complement activation is discussed.
Flunisolide—a new intranasal steroid for the treatment of allergic rhinitis
Authors: SAHAY J. N. , CHATTERJEE S. S. , ENGLER C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA double‐blind, cross‐over comparison of flunisolide nasal spray and its inactive aqueous vehicle has been carried out in fifty patients suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups; the first group (group I) received flunisolide for 3 weeks and then placebo for 3 weeks while the regimes were given in the reverse order to the second group (group II). Patients used two insufflations of 0.1 ml in each nostril twice daily. As the active spray was presented as a 0.025% solution of flunisolide, the total daily dosage was 200 μg. Patients were assessed on admission and at the end of each 3 week period. The results show flunisolide to be significantly superior to placebo in relieving sneezing, nasal obstruction and postnasal drip, as well as improving the quality of sleep and everyday life. At the end of the trial the preferences for treatment recorded by both doctors and patients were significantly in favour of the flunisolide spray. Side effects were minor and occurred during both placebo and active phases of the trial. A short Synacthen test performed at each visit showed no evidence of adrenal suppression.
The nature of asthma in Brisbane
Authors: CLARKE C. W. , ALDONS P. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryClinical details and skin prick test reactions are described for 183 asthmatic patients who attended an asthma clinic at the Royal Brisbane Hospital in 1976. These features were compared with similar studies reported from London, Sydney, Tristan da Cunha and New Guinea. Asthma in Brisbane was shown to be similar in many ways to asthma in those centres; however, a higher frequency of positive immediate skin test reactions to antigens of A. fumigatus, a larger percentage of skin test‐negative patients developing symptoms before the age of 10 years, and a lack of association between the age of onset of symptoms and number of positive skin tests was noted. A difference in mean weal diameter (in mm) on skin testing with house dust mite antigens was not found between patients giving a history of sensitivity to these antigens and those that did not. A seasonal increase in symptoms was only described by 27% of patients.
Atopic disease and month of birth
Authors: SMITH J. MORRISON , SPRINGETT V. H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAnalysis of the month of birth of 1715 children with asthma shows clear evidence of a higher proportion of the group having been born between May and October (54.8%) than would be expected by comparison with the population of England and Wales (50.2%). Inspection of the distribution of month of birth for patients with hay fever and for patients with positive skin reactions to mixed grass pollen does not account for this seasonal variation but children with positive skin reactions to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus show a high proportion (56.2%) born in the period May to October.Although the reasons for the variation of pattern of month of birth in asthmatic children are uncertain, further study of sensitization in early life might clarify them.
A placebo‐controlled trial of ketotifen (HC 20‐511, Sandoz) in allergen induced asthma and comparison with disodium cromoglycate
Authors: WELLS ATHOL , TAYLOR BRENT 
Published: April 2006

SummaryKetotifen failed to protect against cat fur allergen induced asthma in a double blind placebo‐controlled trial in ten asthmatic children. Disodium cromoglycate gave effective protection against the immediate and the late asthmatic reactions but there were no significant differences between the effects of ketotifen and a placebo.
Serum IgE in healthy infants fed breast milk or cow's milk‐based formulas
Authors: SAARINEN U. M. , BJÖRKSTÉN F. , KNEKT P. , SIIMES M. A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA group of ninety‐five infants was followed from birth to one year of age, and the total serum IgE concentration was studied. The infants were fed on breast milk, home‐prepared cow's milk formula, or proprietary infant milk formula. Solid foods were introduced at 3.5 months of age. The breast milk group had lower IgE than the cow's milk group up to 4 months of age, i.e. until the end of exclusive milk feeding. The formula group had intermediate IgE values. The difference was not due to the presence of IgE antibodies to cow's milk in the bottle‐fed infants, since no such antibodies could be detected. After the introduction of solid foods the differences between the groups disappeared. Our data suggest that exclusive breast milk feeding can reduce total serum IgE concentration in early infancy. Reference values for unselected infants and for infants with no atopic manifestations are reported.
Antigens which detect IgE antibodies in workers sensitive to toluene diisocyanate
Authors: KAROL MERYL H. , ALARIE YVES 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwo antigens, both containing tolyl groups, were compared for ability to detect IgE antibodies in workers hypersensitive to toluene diisocyanate. One antigen, formed by reaction of p‐tolyl isocyanate with human serum albumin, detected antibodies in each of ten hypersensitive workers. A second tolyl antigen, formed by reaction of p‐toluoyl chloride and human serum albumin, and therefore lacking isocyanate linkages, detected antibodies in seven of the ten workers. In RAST assays, sera from toluene diisocyanate‐sensitive workers demonstrated higher binding to human serum albumin‐coated control discs than did sera from non‐sensitive workers. The significance of this binding in calculating tolyl‐reactive antibody titres is discussed.
Occupational asthma due to stainless steel welding fumes
Authors: KESKINEN HELENA , KALLIOMÄKI P.‐L. , ALANKO K. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySeven patients with respiratory symptoms after welding were examined. Five had occupational asthma caused by fumes from manual metal are stainless steel welding. The detailed clinical results of two patients with repeated challenge tests are reported.One patient was nonatopic and had earlier had contact dermatitis due to chromium. He experienced a non‐immediate type of asthmatic reaction after welding stainless steel. The other patient was atopic and showed an immediate‐type reaction. Both reactions were repeated in the second provocation lest after about 2 years. In addition both disodium cromoglycate and beclomethasone pretreatments inhibited the reaction of the two patients, but a placebo medication did not. A remarkable amount of chromium and nickel are detected in the fumes released during stainless steel welding but not in the fumes from mild steel welding, with which all provocation tests were negative. The chromium or the nickel in welding fumes might be the aetiological factor of the reaction.
City spore concentrations in the European Economic Community (EEC) IV. Summer weed pollen (Rumex, Plantago, Chenopodiaceae, Artemisia), 1976 and 1977
Authors: SPIEKSMA F. TH. M. , CHARPIN H. , NOLARD N. , STIX E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThis paper describes observations on the airborne pollen concentrations of four anemophilous weeds of very common occurrence in Western Europe, viz. Rumex spp. (sorrel and dock), Plantago spp. (plantain), Chenopodiaceae (goosefoot family) and Artemisia spp. (mugwort). Comparative results are recorded from London, Leiden, Brussels. Munich and Marseilles for the summers of 1976 and 1977 and this study is one of a series involving international collaboration between workers in cities of the European Economic Community. The literature on the clinical significance of summer weed pollen is reviewed and it is concluded that the pollen of Artemisia is likely to be of importance in areas where the weed is of common occurrence in late summer. The pollen of the other summer weeds is unlikely to be important, but may contribute to the problems of the pollen sensitive patient under exceptional circumstances.
Skin test reactivity to dog‐derived antigens
Authors: LUTSKY I. , FINK J. N. , ARKINS J. A. , HOFFMAN R. , MOROUSE MARLENE 
Published: April 2006

SummarySkin test reactivity to canine antigens was studied by testing atopic patients and veterinarians using a commercially prepared mixed‐dog epithelial antigen and breed‐specific antigens including dander extracts, serum and urine, obtained from thirty‐one different pure‐bred dogs. Increased skin test reactivity was noted using breed‐specific antigens as compared to the mixed‐dog commercial screening extract. Variation in skin test responsivity related to specific breed antigens was also noted. The results suggest that skin tests using canine urine and serum antigens, in addition to the conventional dander antigens, may be useful in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to dogs.
Neonatal birch‐pollen contact and subsequent allergy to birch pollen
Authors: BJÖRKSTÉN F. , SUONIEMI I. , KOSKI V. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIt is shown by regression analysis that the risk of immediate hypersensitivity to birch pollen, as measured by a skin test, is positively correlated with the quantity of birch male flowers and the number of non‐rainy days in the first birch flowering season (May) met in infancy. The risk is also dependent on the month of birth, with maximal risk associated with birth in Februarys–April. The results suggest that early pollen contacts, particularly during the first 6 months of life, increase the risk of pollen allergy for a period of 20 years. We estimate that elimination of early birch pollen contacts could have reduced the prevalence of immediate hypersensitivity to birch by 28% in our age group 0–19 years.
Anaphylactic reactions to Hymenoptera stings in asthmatic patients*
Authors: SETTIPANE G. A. , CHAFEE F. H. , KLEIN D. E. , BOYD G. K. , STURAM J. H. , FREYE H. B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWe evaluated 587 cases with generalized reactions to stings of Hymenoptera. Eighty of these patients and twenty‐eight normal controls had radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) to venoms of honey bee, yellow jacket, hornet, wasp and to phospholipase A. Those patients with systemic reactions had a significantly greater frequency of positive RAST than normal controls (51.3%vs. 7.1%, P < 0.001). The frequency of atopy (asthma/rhinitis) in these 587 cases was only 22% and resembled the expected frequency in a general population. Asthmatic patients did not have an increased risk of developing systemic reactions to Hymenoptera stings. However, those asthmatic patients with systemic reactions to Hymenoptera stings had a significantly more severe anaphylactic reaction to a sting than non‐asthmatics. These severe reactions were primarily manifested by acute dyspnoea, which appeared to represent a bronchospastic response to endogenous histamine release.
On the significance of severe local reactions to Hymenoptera stings
Authors: ABRECHT I. , EICHLER G. , MÜLLER U. , HOIGNÉ R. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryOf 317 patients with hypersensitivity to Hymenoptera stings forty had severe local reactions (SLR) only, fifty‐nine reported severe local reactions before their first and seven after their last systemic reaction (SR). The probability to develop a life threatening systemic reaction when restung after a severe local reaction was calculated to be about 5%. In 80% of the patients with severe local reactions only, hypersensitivity to either bee or yellow jacket venom could be demonstrated by skin tests and/or RAST. A fair correlation of skin test and RAST results was observed. In patients with severe local reactions hyposensitization therapy with venoms is not generally indicated. In exceptional patients whose allergy is proven by skin tests or RAST and who are at a high risk of being restung, hyposensitization may be considered.
Correlation of the specific IgE in serum and nasal secretions with clinical symptoms in atopies
Authors: ORTOLANI C. , MIADONNA A. , ADAMI R. , RESTUCCIA M. , ZANUSSI C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn an unselected population of 133 young adults studied by prick testing to common allergens three groups were identified: eleven subjects with positive skin test responses and clinical symptoms of allergy; ten subjects only with positive skin tests and the remainder with negative skin tests.All subjects with positive skin tests (with and without symptoms) were studied by RAST on the serum and nasal secretions. Specific and non‐specific bronchial provocation tests (BPT) were also carried out.The serum RAST was positive in all subjects with positive skin tests, and there was good correlation between high levels of circulating specific IgE and the presence of clinical symptoms.The RAST of nasal secretions was negative in most symptom‐free subjects and as a diagnostic lest it was slightly better than the serum RAST.BPTs with extracts of the relevant allergens caused bronchospasm in every subject with a positive nasal secretion RAST. Only two subjects out of fifteen with a positive response were clinical asthmatics. Our results cast doubt on the clinical relevance of the BPT as it is usually conducted.
A standardized filter paper technique for assessing nasal secretory activity
Authors: KNOWLES G. K. , TOWNSEND P. , TURNER‐WARWICK M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA simple filter paper technique for estimating nasal secretory activity (NSA) was studied in 179 healthy adults. The technique was reproducible and NSA correlated independently with age and race (P < 0.001 in each case) but not with sex or smoking habits. Subjects with a past history of atopic disease (asthma, rhinitis or eczema) produced significantly more nasal secretion than those without such a history (P<0.03). Among the former there was no significant difference in quantity of secretion recovered between those with and those without a past history of rhinitis.Increased NSA appears to be a marker of the atopic state and its measurement could be of value in the management of patients with allergic nasal disorders.
Intermediate α1‐antitrypsin deficiency in atopic allergy
Authors: HOFFMANN J. J. M. L. , KRAMPS J. A. , DIJKMAN J. H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn a population of over 200 patients with atopic bronchial disease, significantly increased frequencies of the α1‐antitrypsin Pi‐types of intermediate deficiency (Pi MZ and Pi MS) were found. As far as we are aware of, this report is the first in which strictly objective criteria for patient classification with respect to atopy have been used. A possible biochemical basis for the phenomenon is presented.
The predictive value of the lymphocyte transformation test in isoniazid‐associated hepatitis
Authors: WARRINGTON R. J. , MCPHILIPS‐FEENER SHAWN , RUTHERFORD W. J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySixty‐one patients receiving isoniazid (INH) for chemotherapy or chemoprophylaxis were assessed by the lymphocyte‐transformation test (LTT) shortly after starting treatment. Thirty‐eight per cent exhibited stimulation with INH, isonicotinic acid (INA) or human‐serum albumin conjugates of these haptens. In the LTT‐positive group, liver dysfunction subsequently developed in 58‐8%, as compared to 22‐7% in the LTT‐negative group (P <0.01). The difference was not accountable on the basis of age, ethnic background, sex or chemotherapy vs chemoprophylaxis. Although there was an excess of alcohol abusers in the LTT‐positive group, the probability of developing liver dysfunction amongst alcohol abusers in that group was twice as great as for LTT‐negative alcohol abusers. The specificity of the LTT in predicting liver damage was 83‐90% (depending upon the criteria used for determining positivity), while the sensitivity of the test was only 50%.
Clinical and immunological surveys in bee keepers
Authors: BOUSQUET J. , COULOMB Y. , ROBINET‐LEVY M. , MICHEL F. B. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwo hundred and fifty bee keepers in the South of France, working seasonally, were clinically investigated by means of a questionnaire. Forty‐three percent had presented anaphylactic symptoms and 7.0%, toxic reactions when stung by bees. The personal atopic history was found to be significantly (P < 0.01) elevated in bee keepers who experienced anaphylaxis. Total serum IgE and bee venom‐specific IgE were titrated in 100 subjects. Total serum IgE was significantly elevated in allergic bee keepers (P= 0.02). Although bee venom‐specific IgE were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in allergic bee keepers this parameter cannot discriminate between allergic and non‐allergic bee keepers owing to a considerable overlap. Bee venom‐specific IgG was assayed in seventy subjects. Their level was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in allergic and non‐allergic bee keepers as compared with non‐allergic blood donors and non‐bee‐keeping allergic patients. In both bee keeper groups there was no difference in bee venom‐specific IgG titres.
Japanese summer‐type hypersensitivity pneumonitis: studies using Cryptococcus antigen
Authors: MIYAGAWA TOSHI , HAMAGAMI SAYO , OCHI T. , OSUGI T. , KIKUI M. , TAKAHASHI H. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySixty‐six patients, diagnosed as Japanese summer‐type hypersensitivity pneumonitis at Osaka Prefectural Habikino hospital between 1973 and 1980, were studied. The diagnosis was based on the clinical features and summer‐seasonal nature of the disease. The presence of an aetiological agent within patients' home environment was suggested by the recurrence of acute symptoms of high fever, cough and dyspnoea 5–8 hr after coming home from hospital, and by spontaneous improvement on leaving home. Immunological studies revealed the presence of anti‐Cryptococcus antibody in sixty‐four of sixty‐five patients' sera, by indirect immunofluorescence against Cryptococcus neoformans, Precipitating antibody against culture supernatant protein‐antigen of Cr. neoformans was detected in more than 80% of sera obtained from patients during the active stage of the disease. The positive result on inhalation provocation‐challenge, using culture supernatant protein‐antigen, suggested that Cr. neoformans or antigenically related Cryptococcus species may cause Japanese summer‐type hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Bone studies in patients on prolonged systemic corticosteroid therapy for asthma
Authors: GREENBERGER P. A. , HENDRIX R. W. , PATTERSON R. , CHMIEL JOAN S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryCortical thickness of the second metacarpal bone and lumbar spine fractures were determined radiographically in twenty‐one Caucasian corticosteroid‐dependent asthmatics (mean age, 61‐2 years; range 47‐73 years). The mean number of prednisone years per patient of continuous corticosteroid treatment averages 9.7 (range 5.0‐21.5 years), and the mean accumulated dose of prednisone was 46.7 g (range 10.7‐160 g). Thirteen of twenty‐one (61.9%) patients had cortical thickness between 1 and 2 standard deviations (s.d.) below the age‐ and sex‐specific mean for normals, but only four (19%) patients fell below 2 s.d. Although the study indicated decreased cortical thickness in the prednisone‐treated group, in only one (4.8%) patient were vertebral fractures present, an incidence not unexpected in this age group. In serious chronic asthma, concern for bone structure should not prohibit the cautious use of appropriate corticosteroid regimens at the lowest possible maintenance dose.
Childhood bronchial asthma in northern Nigeria
Authors: ABDURRAHMAN M. B. , TAQI A. M. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA review of childhood bronchial asthma in Zaria, northern Nigeria is presented. An average of twenty‐three cases a year were seen over a 4‐year period. Features of the disease include low incidence, late age of onset, family history of asthma in only 16% of cases and absence of eczema, but positive skin tests, as evidence of atopy. The clinical features of the disease are similar to those described in children elsewhere. The apparent conflicting reports on the epidemiology of childhood bronchial asthma in Africa are probably due to the multifactorial nature of the disease: geographical, environmental, racial, as well as factors related to the life‐style of the people.
Life‐threatening inhalant allergy: typical anaphylaxis induced by inhalational allergen challenge in patients with idiopathic recurrent anaphylaxis
Authors: BROOM B. C. , FITZHARRIS P. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryEight patients, referred to an allergy service because of anaphylactic syndromes, were investigated for the usual causes (drugs, foods, insect stings etc.) without satisfactory results. All were atopic by history and/or allergy skin testing. Inhalation challenges, using nebulized common inhalant allergens to which the patients were positive by skin tests, were performed to test whether such inhaled allergens could be causing the anaphylactic episodes. Four of the eight patients developed anaphylactic episodes similar to the spontaneous attacks. Two of the other four patients developed precipitous asthma with some suggestion of non‐pulmonary anaphylactic features.It is suggested that inhaled allergens may be a common cause of recurrent anaphylaxis where other recognized causes have been excluded.