bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uptake of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG in primary head and neck cancer correlates with survival
Authors: Linecker A. , Kermer C. , Sulzbacher I. , Angelberger P. , Kletter K. , Dudczak R. , Ewers R. , Becherer A. 
Published: January 2008

SummaryThe aim of the study was to determine the practicability of 18F-FLT in tumours of the head and neck area in terms of visualization, a possible correlation between FLT uptake and proliferation fraction as determined by Ki-67 immunostaining, and if tumoural FLT-uptake has a prognostic meaning, as determined by a correlation to patient survival time. Results were compared to 18F-FDG. Patients, methods: 20 patients with previously untreated lesions of the head and neck area, which were clinically highly suspicious to be malignant, underwent PET scans with 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG, a CT of the head and neck area, and a biopsy. Tumour tracer uptake was determined by standardized uptake value (SUV) normalized to body weight and /non-tumor ratios (T/N). 18F-FDG and 18F-FLT uptake were compared with histopathologic and immunohistochemical results. Results: 19 patients had malignant tumours; one patient had a benign cystadenoma (so called Warthin's tumour) of the parotid gland. One negative lesion turned out to be a malignant T1 stage squamous cell carcinoma in both PET scans, the Warthin's tumour was false positive with 18F-FDG but showed only faint uptake with 18F-FLT, resulting in a sensitivity of 95 % for both tracers. Of all lesions, maximum SUVs of 18F-FLT ranged from 1.53 to 11.70 (mean ± SD 5.81 ± 2.28) those of FDG from 2.63 to 16.50 (mean ± SD 8.91 ± 3.58), p < 0.001. 18F-FLT-T/N ranged from 0.94 to 5.85 (mean ± SD, 3.18 ± 1.21), 18F-FDG-T/N was from 0.92 to 7.50 (mean ± SD, 3.6 ± 1.74), n.s. The mean survival time was 18 months in a maximum follow up time of 36 months. A significant correlation between both PET tracers and survival was detected, but no correlation between the amount of Ki-67 positive cells and FLT. Conclusion: In head and neck cancer in the primary setting 18F-FLT does not provide additional visual information in comparison to 18F-FDG.18F-FLT uptake is inversely correlated with patient survival, as well as 18F-FDG.
A review of post-operative infections in veterinary orthopaedic surgery
Authors: Weese J. S. 
Published: January 2008

SummarySurgical site infections are an inherent risk in orthopaedic surgery and many of the infections that develop are likely to be non-preventable. However, a variety of measures can be undertaken to reduce the risk and impact of surgical site infections. The development and implementation of an infection control program, including surgical site infection surveillance, can be an important tool for patient management. All veterinary practices should have some form of infection control program in order to address surgical site infections, among other issues, and to provide the optimal and expected level of care.
A review of multidrug resistant surgical site infections
Authors: Weese J. S. 
Published: January 2008

SummarySurgical site infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to multiple classes of antimicrobials are an important and increasing problem in veterinary medicine. Organisms such as methicillin-resistant staphylococci, extended spectrum beta-lactamase Enterobacteriaceae and multi-drug resistant Enterococcus, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp. are among the current concerns; however, the emergence and dissemination of other multi-drug resistant organisms will likely follow. Despite the negative connotations that are associated with multi-drug resistant infections, most infections are potentially treatable if basic principles of infection treatment and infection control are followed.
Emulsion polymerization of styrene using mixtures of hydrophobically modified inulin (polyfructose) polymeric surfactant and nonionic surfactants
Authors: Nestor Jérémie , Esquena Jordi , Solans Conxita , Levecke Bart , Booten Karl , Tadros Tharwat F. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPolystyrene latex dispersions were prepared by emulsion polymerization, using a mixture of hydrophobically modified Inulin (INUTEC® SP1) and various nonionic surfactants (cosurfactants). Two series of nonionic surfactants were used, namely Synperonic A (C13–15 alkyl chain with 7, 11, and 20 moles of ethylene oxide, EO) and Synperonic NP (nonylphenol with 10 and 15 moles of EO). For 5 wt % latex, the INUTEC SP1 concentration was kept constant at 0.0165 wt % and the initiator concentration was also kept constant at 0.0125 wt %, whereas the cosurfactant concentration was varied between 0.1 and 0.5 wt %. With the exception of Synperonic A20, all other cosurfactants showed an initial increase in particle diameter followed by a decreased reaching a value comparable with that obtained using INUTEC SP1 alone. However, A20 produced a continuous reduction in particle diameter with increase of surfactant concentration, reaching a value of 100 nm at 0.5 wt % which is lower than the value obtained using INUTEC SP1 alone (188 nm). In all cases, addition of a cosurfactant enhanced the stability of latexes by co‐adsorption at the solid–liquid interface. The enhanced stability produced by the addition of cosurfactants to INUTEC SP1 could be illustrated by using the mixture of INUTEC SP1 and Synperonic A7 at 40 wt % of styrene latex concentration. In this case, the mixture produced lower particle size, much lower polydispersity index and much higher stability. These results are of significant value for industrial applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Benzoyl peroxide as a novel oxidizing agent in a polyaniline dispersion: Synthesis and characterization of a pure polyaniline–poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) composite
Authors: Palaniappan S. , Sairam M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBenzoyl peroxide was used as a novel oxidizing agent in the preparation of a polyaniline (PANI) dispersion. Aniline was oxidized by benzoyl peroxide into a PANI dispersion in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as a stabilizer. A pure PANI dispersion in water was prepared by the dispersion of the isolated wet and dry forms of PANI powder. The size of the PANI particles in the water medium was measured for the reaction mixture and wet and dry composites with a particle size analyzer and a zeta sizer. The hydrodynamic diameter of the PANI particles ranged from 435 to 970 nm. The size of the PANI particles was found to be lower in the wet composite. PANI particles with a lower volume mean diameter (140 nm) and narrow size distribution (100–190 nm) were observed in the PANI–PVP wet composite. The PANI dispersion was characterized with Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet–visible, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy measurements. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Polyester resin as a compatibilizing agent for some polymeric blends
Authors: Ward A. M. , Mansour S. H. , Abd‐El‐Messieh S. L. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractDielectric and viscosity techniques were used to determine the degree of the compatibility of poly(methyl methacrylate)/polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate)/ polystyrene, and polycarbonate/polystyrene blends in different ratios (25/75, 50/50, and 75/25 w/w). The effect of the addition of 5, 10, and 20% concentrations of the prepared polyester resin [poly(butylene terephthalate adipate)] on the compatibility of these blends was studied. The dielectric properties were measured over a frequency range (from 100 Hz to 100 kHz) at various temperatures covering the glass‐transition temperatures of the polymers used (from 30 to 170°C). It was found from the dielectric and viscosity measurements that the addition of 10% polyester to poly(methyl methacrylate)/polycarbonate, 20% polyester to poly(methyl methacrylate)/polystyrene, and 5% polyester to polycarbonate/polystyrene blends enhanced the degree of compatibility of such blends. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Maleic anhydride grafted rubbers for metallic surfaces lamination
Authors: Sabaa M. W. , Younan A. F. , Mohsen R. M. , Tawfic M. L. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractModification of two synthetic rubbers, namely polybutadiene (BR) and bromobutyl (BIIR), were carried out to enhance their adhesion performance and their lining to steel to protect it against corrosion. Two different feasible and industrially applicable techniques were used for grafting the two rubbers under investigation individually with maleic anhydride (MAH), namely the reactive extrusion and the mechanochemical techniques. The modified rubbers were characterized by FTIR‐spectroscopy, chemical analysis, elemental analysis, and by measuring the surface wetting tension. These applied techniques improved the adhesion performance of the rubber towards steel surface markedly. Grafting of BR with MAH via mechanochemical technique increased the adhesion strength of BR by four to five times, whereas grafting of BIIR with MAH via reactive extrusion techniques increased the adhesion strength of the parent BIIR up to more than five times. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Neurogenesis in adult CNS: From denial to opportunities and challenges for therapy
Authors: Colucci‐D'Amato Luca , di Porzio Umberto 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe discovery of neurogenesis and neural stem cells (NSC) in the adult CNS has overturned a long‐standing and deep‐routed “dogma” in neuroscience, established at the beginning of the 20th century. This dogma lasted for almost 90 years and died hard when NSC were finally isolated from the adult mouse brain. The scepticism in accepting adult neurogenesis has now turned into a rush to find applications to alleviate or cure the devastating diseases that affect the CNS. Here we highlight a number of methodological, technical and conceptual drawbacks responsible for the historical denial of adult neurogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss old and new issues that need to be faced before NSC or endogenous neurogenesis can safely enter into the doctor's bag for therapies. BioEssays 30:135–145, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Meeting report: Symbiosis in Barcelona
Authors: Janssens Barbara 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe European Congress on Biotechnology brought together the top European and International scientists, biotechnologists, innovators and key biotech policy and decision makers in an unprecedented international meeting. The Congress was established in 1978 by and remains the main activity of the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB). Taking place in Barcelona, September 16–19, 2007, the ECB 13 attracted over 1500 leading scientists and other senior participants, over 500 posters and more than a hundred exhibitors, from over 50 countries across Europe and beyond. From over a 150 presentations in 5 and more parallel sessions, only a small fraction can be highlighted in the scope of this short meeting report.
Preparation and Evaluation of a Novel Cellulose Tris(N‐3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) Chiral Stationary Phase
Authors: GE Jin , ZHAO Liang , SHI Yan‐Ping 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA novel cellulose tris(N‐3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate) (CDMPC) chiral stationary phase (CSP) was prepared by coating CDMPC on TiO2/SiO2, which was prepared by coating titania nanoparticles on silica through a self‐assemble technique. At first, 2‐hydroxyl‐phenyl acetonitrile and α‐phenylethanol were separated on this new CSP to evaluate the chiral separation ability. Then, two pesticides, matalaxyl and diclofop‐methyl were separated. The influence of the mobile phase composition on the enantioselectivity was discussed, and the repeatability and stability of the CSP were studied too.
A Highly Efficient Synthesis of 3H‐(Pyrrol‐1‐yl)indolin‐2‐ones Catalyzed by InCl3
Authors: SHEN Shu‐Su , JI Shun‐Jun , WANG Shun‐Yi 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA systemic and comprehensive study has been made on the formation of 3H‐(pyrrol‐1‐yl)indolin‐2‐ones synthesized from various isatin derivatives and 4‐hydroxyproline catalyzed by InCl3 under a refluxing condition in excellent yields (83%–99%) and purity.
Ytterbium(III) Triflate as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Perimidine Derivatives under Mild Conditions
Authors: ZHANG Song‐Lin , ZHANG Jun‐Min 
Published: January 2008

AbstractVarious biologically important perimidine derivatives have been efficiently synthesized in excellent yields using naphthalene‐1,8‐diamine with various ketones in the presence of a catalytic amount of Yb(OTf)3. The influence of the loading of Yb(OTf)3, reaction solvent, the structure of ketones was studied. This method is a very easy, simple and high yielding reaction for the synthesis of perimidine derivatives.
An Efficient Ceric Ammonium Nitrate‐Catalyzed Aromatic Amination of (Ferrocenyl)(phenyl)methanol
Authors: SU Xiao‐Ming , JI Shun‐Jun 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAn improved method for the arylamination of (ferrocenyl)(phenyl)methanol has been developed. Ceric ammonium nitrate as an efficient catalyst allowed for aromatic amination in moderate to good yields under comparatively mild conditions.
Calculations of Isoelectronic Series of He Using Noninteger n‐Slater Type Orbitals in Single and Double Zeta Approximations
Authors: GUSEINOV Israfil , ERTÜRK Murat , SAHİN Ercan , AKSU Hüseyin 
Published: January 2008

AbstractUsing integer and noninteger n‐Slater type orbitals in single‐ and double‐zeta approximations, the Hartree‐Fock‐Roothaan calculations were performed for the ground states of first ten cationic members of the isoelectronic series of He atom. All the noninteger parameters and orbital exponents were fully optimized. In the case of noninteger n‐Slater type orbitals in double zeta basis sets, the results of calculations obtained are more close to the numerical Hatree‐Fock values and the average deviations of our ground state energies do not exceed 2×10−6 hartrees of their numerical results.
Enhancement Action of Lanthanum Hydroxide Nanowire Towards Voltammetric Response of Dobesilate and Its Application
Authors: LIU Li , SONG Jun‐Feng , YU Peng‐Fei , CUI Bin 
Published: January 2008

AbstractVoltammetric response of calcium dobesilate (calcium 2,5‐dihydroxybenzene sulfonate, CD) was observably enhanced at lanthanum hydroxide nanowire (LNW) modified carbon paste electrode. The enhancement action was characterized by both the increase of peak current and the reduction of peak potential separation of a pair of the redox peaks of CD, which resulted from both the increase of efficient surface area of the modified electrode and the chemical interaction of LNW with CD. With the sensitive oxidation peak of CD at the LNW/CPE, a linear sweep voltammetric method for the determination of CD was proposed. A linear range of 3.0×10−10−1.0×10−8 mol·L−1 was obtained along with a detection limit of 5×10−11 mol·L−1.
CO2‐promoted Water‐medium Ullmann Reaction over a Pd/Phenyl‐SBA‐15 Mesoporous Catalyst
Authors: ZHANG Fang , CHAI Qin , LI He‐Xing 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWater‐medium Ullmann reaction was carried out in CO2 atmosphere over the mesoporous Pd/Ph‐SBA‐15 catalyst exhibiting high activity and selectivity owing to the uniform dispersion of Pd particles and hydrophobilic mesoporous channels which facilitate the diffusion and adsorption of organic molecules, especially in an aqueous medium. The CO2 also shows promoting effect on activity and selectivity, which could be understood by considering the role of H+ in the mechanism of Ullmann reaction. The optimum Ph‐Ph yield (84.0%) was obtained at p=0.8 MPa and V=6.0 mL and could remain almost unchanged even after the catalyst has been used repetitively for 5 times.
Hexagonal Nanoarchitecture of Composite Monolayer of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Geminus Surfactant 1,3‐Propylenebis(dodecyldimethylammonium) Dibromide
Authors: LIU Ming‐Xian , GAN Li‐Hua , HAO Zhi‐Xian , XU Zi‐Jie , ZHU Da‐Zhang , CHEN Long‐Wu 
Published: January 2008

AbstractNegatively charged magnetite nanoparticles with an average size of about 10 nm have been synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method using sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate as a surface modifying reagent. Composite Langmuir monolayer of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and geminus surfactant 1,3‐propylenebis(dodecyldimethylammonium) dibromide (C12‐C3‐C12) was prepared on the subphase of Fe3O4 nanoparticle hydrosols. In the presence of the magnetite nanoparticles, the collapse pressure of the composite monolayer and the limited mean molecular area of C12‐C3‐C12 are higher than those on pure water subphase. Transmission electron microscopy observation of a C12‐C3‐C12/Fe3O4 nanoparticle complex shows that Fe3O4 nanoparticles and geminus surfactant had an unexpected hexagonal nanoarchitecture at the air‐liquid interface when the surface pressure of the composite monolayer increased to about 12 mN·m−1. A mechanism for constructing the particular nanopatterned configuration of the C12‐C3‐C12/Fe3O4 nanoparticle complex in the Langmuir layer directly from the unique molecular structure of the geminus surfactant and the interfacial interactions between C12‐C3‐C12 and the components in the subphase was proposed.
Reaction Mechanism of the Multi‐channel Decomposition Reactions of 1‐Pentenyl Free Radicals
Authors: CHENG Xue‐Li , ZHAO Yan‐Yun , LI Feng , LI Li‐Qing , TAO Xiu‐Jun 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe reactions of 1‐pentenyl decomposition system have been studied extensively at the B3LYP/6‐311++G∗︁ ∗︁ level with Gaussion 98 package. The potential energy surface with zero‐point energy correction was drawn. All reaction channels were fully investigated with the vibrational mode analysis, frontier orbital analysis and electron population analysis to confirm the transition states and reveal the reaction mechanism.
Electronic Structures of LixV2O5 (x=0.5 and 1): A Theoretical Study
Authors: Li Zhi‐Yang , Wu Qi‐Hui 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe electronic properties of α‐LixV2O5 (x=0.5 and 1) are investigated using first principle calculations based on density functional theory with local density approximation. Different intercalation sites for Li in the V2O5 lattices are considered, showing different influences on the electronic structures of LixV2O5. The lowest total energy is found when Li is only intercalated along the c axis between two bridging oxygen ions of sequential V2O5 layers. The intercalation of Li into V2O5 does not change the electron transition property of V2O5, which is an indirect band gap semiconductor, but leads to a reduction of vanadium ions and an increase of the Fermi level of LixV2O5 arising from the electron transfer from the Li 2 s orbital to the initially empty conduction band of the V2O5 host.
Hierarchically Structured Porous Films of Silica Hollow Spheres via Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly and Their Superhydrophilic and Antifogging Properties
Authors: Liu Xiangmei , Du Xin , He Junhui 
Published: January 2008

AbstractRaspberrylike organic/inorganic composite spheres are prepared by stepwise electrostatic assembly of polyelectrolytes and silica nanoparticles onto monodisperse polystyrene spheres. Hierarchically structured porous films of silica hollow spheres are fabricated from these composite spheres by layer‐by‐layer assembly with polyelectrolytes followed by calcination. The morphologies of the raspberrylike organic/inorganic composite spheres and the derived hierarchically structured porous films are observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The surface properties of these films are investigated by measuring their water contact angles, water‐spreading speed, and antifogging properties. The results show that such hierarchically structured porous films of silica hollow spheres have unique superhydrophilic and antifogging properties. Finally, the formation mechanism of these nanostructures and property–structure relationships are discussed in detail on the basis of experimental observations.
Combining different classes of drugs for the acute treatment of migraine
Authors: Valenty Krymchantowski Abouch , da Cunha Jevoux Carla 
Published: January 2008

AbstractMigraine is a highly prevalent neurological disorder involving multiple mechanisms. Targeting a single mechanism for treating individual attacks has been shown to be only partially effective. Recently, the fundamentals of combining agents for the acute migraine treatment has gained attention and the specific combination of a triptan plus a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) has demonstrated better efficacy than the use of each of these drugs alone. This article reviews the available literature for treating migraine attacks with two or more agents simultaneously. A MEDLINE search using the terms migraine, acute treatment, triptans, NSAIDs, and combination was used. In addition, abstracts presented in the major meetings carried out during the last 5 years by the American Headache and the International Headache Societies along with the American Academy of Neurology were also evaluated. Although most of the studies encountered were not controlled, there is a clear trend for the better efficacy in combining triptans with NSAID. Additionally, the results of recent large and controlled studies using the fixed combinations of sumatriptan with naproxen sodium confirm the initial observations of the clear superiority of this combination over the isolated use of each agent. The differences in the endpoints of pain free and pain relief at 2‐h time‐points as well as 24‐h pain‐relief response are the clearest efficacy advantages. Tolerability was not different between the two studied drugs. Combining triptans with NSAIDs and other agents for the acute treatment of migraine suggests better outcome efficacy measures than the use of single agents. The fixed combination of sumatriptan and naproxen sodium offers improved 2‐h and 24‐h benefits over monotherapy with each one these options. Drug Dev Res 68:419–423, 2007. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complementary and alternative treatments for migraine
Authors: Mauskop Alexander 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA large percentage of patients do not respond to pharmacological interventions for migraine headaches, develop unacceptable side effects, or are reluctant to take medications. As a result, patients have been seeking nontraditional modes of therapy for the management of headaches. Among the alternative approaches are behavioral treatments (relaxation therapy, biofeedback therapy, and cognitive‐behavioral therapy), acupuncture, and nutritional therapies (herbal remedies and vitamin or mineral supplementation). This article reviews the scientific evidence for the use of magnesium, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, α‐lipoic acid, feverfew, and butterbur in the treatment of migraine headaches. Drug Dev Res 68:424–427, 2007. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.