bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral inflammatory vascular disease in Sjögren's syndrome. Association with nervous system complications
Authors: Molina R. , Provost T. T. , Alexander E. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo histopathologic types of inflammatory vascular disease (IVD) occur in Sjögren's syndrome (SS): mononuclear IVD (MIVD) and neutrophilic IVD (NIVD). We describe 50 SS patients with IVD (30 with NIVD and 20 with MIVD). Thirty‐three (66%) of the SS patients with biopsy‐documented IVD had nervous system disease unattributable to other causes. Nineteen patients (58%) had involvement of both the central and peripheral nervous systems, while 9 had peripheral and 5 had central nervous system dysfunction alone. Patients with both histopathologic types of IVD were at risk for the development of nervous system abnormalities (57% of NIVD patients and 80% of MIVD patients). Indirect evidence is presented which suggests that IVD may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of nervous system disease, at least in a subset of SS patients.
Seronegative polyarthritis in giant cell arteritis
Authors: Ginsburg William W. , Cohen Marc D. , Hall Stephen B. , Vollertsen Randall S. , Hunder Gene G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNineteen of 520 patients with biopsy‐proven giant cell arteritis were found to have persistent seronegative, symmetric polyarthritis with a mean joint count of 20 (swollen plus tender). In 9 patients in the onset of polyarthritis occurred prior to the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis, 3 had simultaneous onset, and 7 developed polyarthritis within 3 years after the onset of giant cell arteritis. Ten of the 19 patients demonstrated radiographic features of joint space narrowing and/or erosions. In 1 patient in a synovial biopsy was performed, revealing marked multinucleated giant cell infiltration. A persistent seronegative polyarthritis, although uncommon in giant cell arteritis, may be its presenting symptom. Other symptoms of giant cell arteritis should be sought in patients who exhibit this feature, especially in those whose arthritis begins at age 50 or older.
Distal interphalangeal joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Jacob Janel , Sartoris David , Kursunoglu Sevil , Pate Deborah , Pineda Carlos J. , Braun Richard M. , Resnick Donald , Weisman Michael H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐two patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were evaluated radiographically for distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint involvement and were compared with 50 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects. The frequency of DIP erosions was 37% in the patients versus 14% in the controls; these erosions were mild and were not related to disease duration. Erosions elsewhere in the hand and wrist were of all degrees of severity and were related in part to disease duration. Osteophytes occurred frequently in both the RA group (71 %) and the control group (60%). However, joint space narrowing occurred more frequently in RA patients (77%) than in the controls (46%) (P < 0.009). The findings from this study suggest that in RA patients, DIP erosions occur frequently, do not occur in isolation, and are not simply a marker for severe global erosive disease in the hand and wrist. The high frequency of osteophytosis and joint space narrowing in both groups probably represents the overlap of osteoarthritis and RA that occurs in many patients.
Lymphoid irradiation in intractable rheumatoid arthritis. A double‐blind, randomized study comparing 750‐rad treatment with 2,000‐rad treatment
Authors: Hanly John G. , Hassan Jaythoon , Moriarty Michael , Barry Ciaran , Molony Jack , Casey Eoin , Whelan Alex , Feighery Conleth , Bresnihan Barry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty patients with intractable rheumatoid arthritis were treated with 750‐rad or 2,000‐rad lymphoid irradiation in a randomized double‐blind comparative study. Over a 12‐month followup period, there was a significant improvement in 4 of 7 and 6 of 7 standard parameters of disease activity following treatment with 750 rads and 2,000 rads, respectively. Transient, short‐term toxicity was less frequent with the lower dose. In both groups, there was a sustained peripheral blood lymphopenia, a selective depletion of T helper (Leu‐3a+) lymphocytes, and reduced in vitro mitogen responses. These changes did not occur, however, in synovial fluid. These results suggest that 750‐rad lymphoid irradiation is as effective as, but less toxic than, that with 2,000 rads in the management of patients with intractable rheumatoid arthritis.
Alterations in macrophage collagenase secretion induced by gold sodium thiomalate
Authors: Spalding David M. , Darby Walter L. , Heck Louis W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of gold sodium thiomalate (GST) on the production of specific collagenase by thioglycolateelicited macrophages was investigated. Our studies demonstrated that GST administration can significantly decrease collagenase production in a dose‐dependent manner. These effects were observed with levels of GST attainable in serum or synovial tissue during routine chrysotherapy. In addition, GST altered lysozyme secretion by activated macrophages in a pattern distinct from that of collagenase alteration. These effects of enzyme secretion were not secondary effects of GST on viability, general protein secretion, or the specific assay procedures utilized, and were not attributable to the thiomalate moiety. Thus, GST may exert its therapeutic effect in rheumatoid arthritis through interference with the production of degradative proteolytic enzymes, which are important effector molecules mediating tissue destruction.
Treatment of rheumatoid synovitis of the knee with intraarticular injection of dysprosium 165‐ferric hydroxide macroaggregates
Authors: Sledge Clement B. , Zuckerman Joseph D. , Zalutsky Michael R. , Atcher Robert W. , Shortkroff Sonya , Lionberger David R. , Rose Howard A. , Hurson Brian J. , Lankenner Peter A. , Anderson Ronald J. , Bloomer William A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred eight knees of 93 patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and persistent synovitis of the knee were treated with an intraarticular injection of 270 mCi of dysprosium 165 bound to ferric hydroxide macroaggregate. Leakage of radioactivity from the injected joint was minimal. Mean leakage to the venous blood 3 hours after injection was 0.11% of the injected dose; this corresponds to a mean whole body dose of 0.2 rads. Mean leakage to the liver 24 hours after injection was 0.64% of the injected dose; this corresponds to a mean liver dose of 3.2 rads. In 7 additional patients examined, there was negligible or near negligible activity found in the draining inguinal lymph nodes. One‐year followup was possible for 74 knees (63 patients). Sixty‐one percent of the knees had good results, 23% had fair results, and 16% had poor results. There was a direct correlation between the radiographic stage and response to treatment. In knees with stage I radiographic changes, 72% showed good results; 93% showed improvement. In knees with stage II changes, 59% showed good results; 81% showed improvement. These preliminary results indicate that dysprosium 165‐ferric hydroxide macroaggregate is an effective agent for radiation synovectomy. The low leakage rates observed offer a definite advantage over agents previously used.
Collagen antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. SIgnificance of antibodies to denatured collagen and their association with HLA‐DR4
Authors: Rowley Merrill , Tait Brian , Mackay Ian R. , Cunningham Tim , Phillips Brian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe frequency, specificity, and HLA associations of antibodies to collagen were examined in 54 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in 67 control subjects, using native and denatured bovine type II collagen as reactants in a solid‐phase radioimmunoassay. Reactivity to denatured collagen was significantly higher in the RA patients than in the controls (P = 0.004). Reactivity to native collagen was substantially lower than reactivity to denatured collagen and was similar in RA patients and controls. DR4 positive RA patients had significantly greater reactivity to denatured collagen compared with DR4 negative RA patients (P = 0.03), but levels of antibody to native collagen were similar among DR4 positive and DR4 negative patients. These data lend support to the idea that denatured collagen is an important secondary reactant in immunemediated perpetuation of RA.
Nailfold capillary microscopy in mixed connective tissue disease. Comparison with systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Granier Françoise , Vayssairat Michel , Priollet Pascal , Housset Edward 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNailfold capillary microscopy patterns in 22 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) were compared with those of 21 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 30 patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma [SD]). Microvascular data were classified blindly as follows: normal, nonspecific abnormalities, SD pattern, and SLE pattern, with special attention to the presence of dystrophic, branched “bushy” capillary formations. Of the 22 patients with MCTD, 63.6% had an SD pattern, 22.7% had an SLE pattern, 13.6% had nonspecific abnormalities, and 72.7% had bushy capillary formations. Compared with SLE microangiopathy, MCTD microangiopathy exhibited significantly greater capillary loss (P < 0.05), more frequent SD patterns (P < 0.001), and more frequent bushy capillaries (P < 0.001). Compared with SD patients, MCTD patients displayed less frequent SD patterns (P < 0.02) and more frequent bushy capillary formations (P < 0.01). The presence of bushy capillaries was suggestive of MCTD. For diagnostic purposes, bushy capillaries displayed 72% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 87.2% negative predictive value. The quantitative and qualitative expressions of microangiopathy were different in MCTD and SLE, respectively. This supports the hypothesis that each disease is a distinct entity. Nevertheless, there were many resemblances between MCTD and SD, which implies that MCTD is possibly a clinical form of SD.
Abnormal B cell function in patients with Behçet's disease
Authors: Suzuki Noboru , Sakane Tsuyoshi , Ueda Yuji , Tsunematsu Tokugoro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe evaluated B lymphocyte function in 23 patients with Behçet's disease at various stages. The patients with active disease, but not those with inactive disease, were found to have elevated numbers of cells spontaneously secreting immunoglobulin and a decreased B cell response to the T cell‐independent B cell mitogen, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1. Moreover, B cells from almost all patients with Behçet's disease were unresponsive to the T cell‐dependent polyclonal activator, pokeweed mitogen. These results indicate that B cell abnormalities, including some which are associated with disease activity, could be involved in the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease.
Infectious arthritis in renal transplant patients
Authors: Bomalaski John S. , Williamson Paul K. , Goldstein Carl S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfectious complications in the renal transplant patient are common, and infecting agents include opportunistic organisms as well as common pathogens. However, we were only able to document 6 patients who had septic arthritis from more than 800 who received a renal transplant at our institution over an 18‐year period. Furthermore, only 16 other cases of infectious arthritis have been reported in the literature. All of our patients had an apparent predisposing factor and 3 patients had prior infection with the same organism. The knee was the most commonly infected joint. The initial synovial fluid white blood cell count was usually > 30,000 cells/mm3, but 1 patient with viral arthritis initially had noninflammatory fluid. The peripheral blood white blood cell count may not be elevated. All of our cases of initial joint infection occurred by 18 months posttransplant. Blood cultures were positive in 3 of 4 patients with bacterial infection. Followup of these 6 patients averaged 4.3 years. Numerous other rheumatologic syndromes and disorders peculiar to the posttransplant period may mimic a septic joint. Consequently, despite the low frequency of occurrence of septic arthritis, persistent attention to the locomotor system in the transplant patient is warranted.
Enhanced phospholipase activity in peripheral blood monocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Bomalaski John S. , Clark Mike A. , Zurier Robert B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood monocytes (PBM) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) produce greater amounts of prostaglandins (PG) than do control cells. To further explore the reasons for the increased PG production, we assessed the phospholipase activities in these cells. We found that PBM from patients with severe RA expressed greater phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and phospholipase C (PLC) activities than did the control cells. Enhanced PLA2 activities were observed in RA patient cells when phosphatidylcholine (PC) or phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were used as substrates. Enhanced PLC activities also were seen when PC, PE, and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were used as labeled substrates. Increased PLC activity was observed whether linoleic acid or arachidonic acid was esterified to the 2 position of the phospholipid substrate used. Because all patients with RA were treated with nonsteroidai antiinflammatory drugs, we examined the effects of aspirin ingestion on phospholipase activities. Aspirin had no consistent effect on PLA2 activities but markedly inhibited PLC activities against PC, PI, and PE with arachidonic acid in the R2 position. That aspirin enhanced PLC activities against PC and PI with linoleic acid in the R2 position, suggests that PLC activity may be regulated in part by the R2 fatty acid. Our results indicate that increased phospholipase activities exhibited by PBM from RA patients may help explain the increased PG production by these cells. The increased phospholipase activities in PBM from RA patients do not appear to be due solely to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy.
α2‐macroglobulin‐proteinase complexes as correlated with α1‐proteinase inhibitor‐elastase complexes in synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Borth Wolfgang , Dunky Attila , Kleesiek Knut 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe levels of α1‐proteinase inhibitor‐elastase and α2‐macroglobulin (α2M)‐proteinase complexes were measured in synovial fluids from arthritis patients by use of specific immunosorbent assays. Both types of proteinase inhibitor‐proteinase complexes were significantly correlated with each other as well as with the total neutrophil count in synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients but were discordant in synovial fluids of patients with osteoarthritis. One synovial fluid sample showed active (inhibitory) α2M as well as active collagenase. We purified α2M from pooled synovial fluids obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This α2M retained approximately 90% of its proteinase binding (inhibiting) capacity, compared with that of normal plasma α2M. We found no evidence that α2M was inactivated by means other than proteinases.
Anti‐HLA–B27 antibodies in sera from patients with gram‐negative bacterial infections
Authors: Cavender Druie , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral forms of seronegative polyarthritis are strongly associated with HLA‐B27, and a number of microorganisms have been implicated in the etiology of these diseases. To explain the association between HLA‐B27 and arthritis initiated by infection with these organisms, it has been proposed that there is immunologic cross‐reactivity between the B27 molecule and 1 or more microbial antigens, and that this cross‐reactivity leads to tolerance to such infection and/or to the production of anti‐HLA‐B27 cross‐reactive antibodies. Such cross‐reactive antibodies were detected in the sera of only 2 of 63 patients recently infected with Shigella flexneri, Campylobacter jejuni, or Yersinia enterocolitica who had highly significant antibody levels against the infecting bacterial species. Most striking was the absence of anti‐HLA‐B27 antibody in the serum of 16 of 17 patients who developed reactive arthritis following Yersinia infection.
Further evidence for the lack of association between acetylator phenotype and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Baer Alan N. , Woosley Raymond L. , Pincus Theodore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn association between host acetylator phenotype and idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been sought for over a decade, without a definitive result. We have observed that the frequency of the slow acetylator phenotype was similar in 64 patients with idiopathic SLE (38%), 60 healthy volunteers (50%), and 52 non‐SLE medical service patients (44%). The slow acetylator phenotype was not more frequent among subgroups of the SLE patients defined by demographic features or specific manifestations of disease. Our results, as well as a majority of previously published results, do not provide evidence for an association between acetylator phenotype and idiopathic SLE.
Interstitial lung disease in scleroderma. Immune complexes in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Authors: Silver Richard M. , Metcalf John F. , LeRoy E. Carwile 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInterstitial lung disease is a common feature of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis), and it may be a major determinant of morbidity and mortality. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with scleroderma has shown evidence of inflammation in the lower respiratory tract of many patients. We have analyzed sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from scleroderma patients for the presence of immune complexes, which may play a role in the inflammatory process. Using a solid‐phase C1q enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, we detected immune complexes in the sera of 6 of 23 patients (26%) and in none of 32 controls (P < 0.01). All 6 patients with serum immune complexes had inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the presence of serum immune complexes correlated with the percentage of neutrophils in lavage fluid (P < 0.02). Immune complexes were detected in lavage fluid of 11 of 21 patients (52%) compared with 1 of 7 normal controls (14%). Subjects having immune complexes in lavage fluid had a lower forced vital capacity than did those without lavage fluid immune complexes (P < 0.05). The levels of immune complexes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exceeded those in serum by a mean of 45‐fold, suggesting either local formation or selective deposition of immune complexes in the lower respiratory tract of some scleroderma patients.
Necrotizing systemic vasculitis with features of both Wegener's granulomatosis and Churg‐Strauss vasculitis
Authors: Henochowicz Stuart , Eggensperger Diane , Pierce Leslie , Barth Werner F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a patient who had nasal biopsy‐demonstrated eosinophilic vasculitis and renal biopsy‐demonstrated necrotizing glomerulonephritis with tissue eosinophilia. Despite corticosteroid therapy, the patient's renal function deteriorated, and nodular pulmonary infiltrates developed. Both conditions responded dramatically when cyclophosphamide was added to the treatment regimen. The renal disease activity was monitored with the aid of cytodiagnostic urinalysis, a technique of limited, albeit well‐established, validity in monitoring renal allograft patients for signs of tissue rejection. This technique provided an improved, semi‐quantitative method for examining urine sediment and, in this patient, was helpful as a measure of renal disease activity.
A multicenter study of hospitalization in rheumatoid arthritis. Frequency, medical‐surgical admissions, and charges
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Kleinheksel Sue M. , Spitz Patricia W. , Lubeck Deborah P. , Fries James F. , Young Donald Y. , Mitchell Donald , Roth Sanford 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring 1981, 123 of 816 patients (15.1%) with rheumatoid arthritis were hospitalized 160 times because of the disease. The mean length of hospitalization was 13.1 days, and the cost $7,845. Surgery accounted for 54.4% of admissions, but 69.2% of costs. The average cost for total joint surgery was $12,287. Most medical admissions (46.6%) were for the diagnosis or treatment of articular disease, but 42.5% were for treatment of side effects of therapy, and 11.0% for complications of RA. The most commonly performed surgical procedures included reconstructive surgery of the hand/wrist (n = 35) and foot (n = 22), followed by total knee replacement (n = 18).
Flare of antigen‐induced arthritis in mice after intravenous challenge. Kinetics of antigen in the circulation and localization of antigen in the arthritic and noninflamed joint
Authors: Lens Jan Willem , van den Berg Wim B. , van de Putte Levinus B. A. , Zwarts Wil A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntravenous injection of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in mice with unilateral, chronic, mBSA‐induced arthritis has been shown to cause a flare of smouldering arthritis without affecting the contralateral, noninflamed knee joint. We studied the kinetics of 125I‐labeled mBSA in the blood, and the accumulation of antigen in both arthritic and noninflamed joints. The bulk of the antigen was eliminated from the blood within 10–30 minutes, and accumulation of antigen in the joints occurred mainly within this period. The amounts of antigen found in the arthritic joints were of the same order of magnitude as the amounts found in noninflamed joints. Autoradiography of whole joint sections revealed that, in arthritic joints, antigen was located primarily at the deep capillaries and large vessels, and in the noninflamed joints, antigen was located at the small superficial capillaries. Antigen was handled by granulocytes in the arthritic joint and by synovial lining cells in the noninflamed joint. Our data indicate that tiny amounts of antigen reach the synovial stroma in both normal and arthritic joints but cause inflammation only in the arthritic joints, because of local hyper‐reactivity.
Characterization of an expanded subpopulation of large granular lymphocytes in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Combe Bernard , Andary Monique , Caraux Jean , Baldet Pierre , Barchechath Françoise , Clot Jacques , Sany Jacques 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a rheumatoid arthritis patient who was found to have chronic T cell lymphocytosis and neutropenia. She had an increased number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and liver, and the expanded lymphocyte subset consisted of large granular lymphocytes with a homogeneous phenotype. Of the previously described patients with these large granular lymphocytes, almost one‐fourth have had rheumatoid arthritis.
Binding of normal human mononuclear cells to blood vessels in rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane
Authors: Oppenheimer‐Marks Nancy , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe examined the binding of mononuclear cells to blood vessels in the rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane. Two of 4 synovia that had lymphocyte‐rich areas contained blood vessels adhesive for mononuclear cells. These reactive vessels showed striking similarities to high endothelial venules of the paracortical region of lymph node, where normal lymphocyte‐endothelial cell adhesion and lymphocyte emigration into tissue occurs.