bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamate production from aerial nitrogen using the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Klebsiella oxytoca
Authors: Yoshidome Daisuke , Hidaka Makoto , Miyanaga Toka , Ito Yusuke , Kosono Saori , Nishiyama Makoto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlutamate is an essential biological compound produced for various therapeutic and nutritional applications. The current glutamate production process requires a large amount of ammonium, which is generated through the energy-consuming and CO2-emitting Haber–Bosch process; therefore, the development of bio-economical glutamate production processes is required. We herein developed a strategy for glutamate production from aerial nitrogen using the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Klebsiella oxytoca. We showed that a simultaneous supply of glucose and citrate as carbon sources enhanced the nitrogenase activity of K. oxytoca. In the presence of glucose and citrate, K. oxytoca strain that was genetically engineered to increase the supply of 2-oxoglutarate, a precursor of glutamate synthesis, produced glutamate extracellularly more than 1 g L−1 from aerial nitrogen. This strategy offers a sustainable and eco-friendly manufacturing process to produce various nitrogen-containing compounds using aerial nitrogen.
The risk of concurrent heatwaves and extreme sea levels along the global coastline is increasing
Authors: Zhou Mo , Wang Shuo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConcurrent heatwaves and extreme sea levels could pose a serious threat to coastal communities under climate change; however, the spatiotemporal characteristics and dynamic evolution of them along global coastline remain poorly understood. Here, we use reanalysis datasets and model projections to assess historical and future changes in global concurrent heatwaves and extreme sea levels. We find that 87.73% of coastlines experienced such concurrent extremes during 1979–2017. There is an average increase of 3.72 days in the occurrence during 1998–2017 compared to 1979–1998. A one-percentile increase in heatwave intensity is associated with a 2.07% increase in the likelihood of concurrent extremes. Global coastlines are projected to experience 38 days of concurrent extremes each year during 2025–2049 under the highest emission scenario. The weakening of geopotential height associated with a surface low-pressure system may serve as an important indicator for the occurrence of extreme sea levels during heatwaves.
The conservation value of forests can be predicted at the scale of 1 hectare
Authors: Bubnicki Jakub W. , Angelstam Per , Mikusiński Grzegorz , Svensson Johan , Jonsson Bengt Gunnar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo conserve biodiversity, it is imperative to maintain and restore sufficient amounts of functional habitat networks. Therefore, the location of the remaining forests with natural structures and processes over landscapes and large regions is a key objective. Here we integrated machine learning (Random Forest) and open landscape data to scan all forest landscapes in Sweden with a 1 ha spatial resolution with respect to the relative likelihood of hosting High Conservation Value Forests. Using independent spatial stand- and plot-level validation data, we confirmed that our predictions correctly represent different levels of forest naturalness, from degraded to those with high and associated biodiversity conservation values. Given ambitious national and international conservation objectives and increasingly intensive forestry, our model and the resulting wall-to-wall mapping fill an urgent gap for assessing the achievement of evidence-based conservation targets, spatial planning, and designing forest landscape restoration.
Large spread in marine heatwave assessments for Asia and the Indo-Pacific between sea-surface-temperature products
Authors: Zhang Xuewei , Zhao Ning , Han Zhen , Dai Zhijun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProlonged extremely warm ocean temperatures have great impacts on both natural ecosystems and human communities. These phenomena (i.e., marine heatwaves) could be easily monitored globally by satellite-based sea surface temperatures; however, the choice of datasets may lead to potential uncertainties in the marine heatwave assessment. Here we compared the marine heatwaves using three commonly used satellite products to illustrate the uncertainties over Asia and the Indo-Pacific. Distinct differences were found in the occurrence, duration, and long-term trend of marine heatwaves over both coastal and open oceans, while some discrepancies could become comparable with the obtained metrics themselves. Although differences in mean sea surface temperatures or their variances among datasets could not explain the abovementioned discrepancies, different sensors, procedures, and sea ice treatments in each dataset may contribute partially. Overall, our study suggests that the use of multiple datasets is crucial for evaluations of extreme events.
Reporting guidelines in medical artificial intelligence: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kolbinger Fiona R. , Veldhuizen Gregory P. , Zhu Jiefu , Truhn Daniel , Kather Jakob Nikolas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential in medicine. However, the lack of universal reporting guidelines poses challenges in ensuring the validity and reproducibility of published research studies in this field.

Methods
Based on a systematic review of academic publications and reporting standards demanded by both international consortia and regulatory stakeholders as well as leading journals in the fields of medicine and medical informatics, 26 reporting guidelines published between 2009 and 2023 were included in this analysis. Guidelines were stratified by breadth (general or specific to medical fields), underlying consensus quality, and target research phase (preclinical, translational, clinical) and subsequently analyzed regarding the overlap and variations in guideline items.

Results
AI reporting guidelines for medical research vary with respect to the quality of the underlying consensus process, breadth, and target research phase. Some guideline items such as reporting of study design and model performance recur across guidelines, whereas other items are specific to particular fields and research stages.

Conclusions
Our analysis highlights the importance of reporting guidelines in clinical AI research and underscores the need for common standards that address the identified variations and gaps in current guidelines. Overall, this comprehensive overview could help researchers and public stakeholders reinforce quality standards for increased reliability, reproducibility, clinical validity, and public trust in AI research in healthcare. This could facilitate the safe, effective, and ethical translation of AI methods into clinical applications that will ultimately improve patient outcomes.
Characterizing changes in transcriptome and kinome responses in testicular cells during infection by Ebola virus
Authors: Webb Andrew L. , Schindell Brayden G. , Soule Geoff , Siddik Abu B. , Abrenica Bernard , Memon Harram , Su Ruey-Chyi , Safronetz David , Kindrachuk Jason 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEbola virus (EBOV) is able to persist and actively replicate in the reproductive tract of male disease survivors months or years after recovery from Ebola virus disease (EVD)1. Persistent EBOV infections are usually asymptomatic and can be transmitted sexually, but the host and viral factors that mediate these infections have not been characterized2,3. We investigated the interaction between host and viral factors during EBOV infection of the blood testis barrier (BTB), with a focus on Sertoli cells as a potential reservoir for viral persistence. We assessed viral replication kinetics and host responses of mouse testicular Leydig cells and Sertoli cells infected with EBOV Makona (i.e. infectious EBOV) and collected samples up to 28 days post-infection. Viral replication was apparent in both cell lines, but intracellular early viral loads were much higher in Leydig cells compared to Sertoli cells. We used RNAseq analysis to characterize transcriptomic responses of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells to EBOV infection over time. Further investigation of early interactions between host cells and EBOV was performed using virus-like particles (EBOV trVLP) and assays of phosphorylation-based cell signaling. Our findings indicate that virus-treated Sertoli cells responded more rapidly and robustly than Leydig cells, and with a particular emphasis on detection of, and response to, external stimuli. We discuss how the roles played by Sertoli cells in immune privilege and spermatogenesis may affect their initial and continued response to EBOV infection in a manner that could facilitate asymptomatic persistence.
Accelerated plasma-cell differentiation in Bach2-deficient mouse B cells is caused by altered IRF4 functions
Authors: Ochiai Kyoko , Shima Hiroki , Tamahara Toru , Sugie Nao , Funayama Ryo , Nakayama Keiko , Kurosaki Tomohiro , Igarashi Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTranscription factors BACH2 and IRF4 are both essential for antibody class-switch recombination (CSR) in activated B lymphocytes, while they oppositely regulate the differentiation of plasma cells (PCs). Here, we investigated how BACH2 and IRF4 interact during CSR and plasma-cell differentiation. We found that BACH2 organizes heterochromatin formation of target gene loci in mouse splenic B cells, including targets of IRF4 activation such as Aicda, an inducer of CSR, and Prdm1, a master plasma-cell regulator. Release of these gene loci from heterochromatin in response to B-cell receptor stimulation was coupled to AKT-mTOR pathway activation. In Bach2-deficient B cells, PC genes’ activation depended on IRF4 protein accumulation, without an increase in Irf4 mRNA. Mechanistically, a PU.1-IRF4 heterodimer in activated B cells promoted BACH2 function by inducing gene expression of Bach2 and Pten, a negative regulator of AKT signaling. Elevated AKT activity in Bach2-deficient B cells resulted in IRF4 protein accumulation. Thus, BACH2 and IRF4 mutually modulate the activity of each other, and BACH2 inhibits PC differentiation by both the repression of PC genes and the restriction of IRF4 protein accumulation.
TEAD2 initiates ground-state pluripotency by mediating chromatin looping
Authors: Guo Rong , Dong Xiaotao , Chen Feng , Ji Tianrong , He Qiannan , Zhang Jie , Sheng Yingliang , Liu Yanjiang , Yang Shengxiong , Liang Weifang , Song Yawei , Fang Ke , Zhang Lingling , Hu Gongcheng , Yao Hongjie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe transition of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) between serum/LIF and 2i(MEK and GSK3 kinase inhibitor)/LIF culture conditions serves as a valuable model for exploring the mechanisms underlying ground and confused pluripotent states. Regulatory networks comprising core and ancillary pluripotency factors drive the gene expression programs defining stable naïve pluripotency. In our study, we systematically screened factors essential for ESC pluripotency, identifying TEAD2 as an ancillary factor maintaining ground-state pluripotency in 2i/LIF ESCs and facilitating the transition from serum/LIF to 2i/LIF ESCs. TEAD2 exhibits increased binding to chromatin in 2i/LIF ESCs, targeting active chromatin regions to regulate the expression of 2i-specific genes. In addition, TEAD2 facilitates the expression of 2i-specific genes by mediating enhancer-promoter interactions during the serum/LIF to 2i/LIF transition. Notably, deletion of Tead2 results in reduction of a specific set of enhancer-promoter interactions without significantly affecting binding of chromatin architecture proteins, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), and Yin Yang 1 (YY1). In summary, our findings highlight a novel prominent role of TEAD2 in orchestrating higher-order chromatin structures of 2i-specific genes to sustain ground-state pluripotency.
A reduced polyoxometalate-encapsulated organo cobalt modified phosphate framework for improving photocatalytic reduction of CO2
Authors: Zhu Yinhua , Yan Pinfang , Xu Lingtong , Du Zeyu , Mei Hua , Xu Yan 
Published: April 2024

An innovative polyoxometalate-based cobalt-modified organophosphate framework was synthesized and applied for CO2 reduction for a high selectivity of 94.5% and an ultra-high CO production rate of 13 676 μmol g−1h−1 in photocatalytic investigations.
Participation of the spleen in the neuroinflammation after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus: implications for epileptogenesis and epilepsy
Authors: Sarchi Paula Virginia , Gomez Cuautle Dante , Rossi Alicia , Ramos Alberto Javier 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affects millions of individuals worldwide. Despite extensive research, the underlying mechanisms leading to epileptogenesis, the process by which a normal brain develops epilepsy, remain elusive. We, here, explored the immune system and spleen responses triggered by pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) focusing on their role in the epileptogenesis that follows SE. Initial examination of spleen histopathology revealed transient disorganization of white pulp, in animals subjected to SE. This disorganization, attributed to immune activation, peaked at 1-day post-SE (1DPSE) but returned to control levels at 3DPSE. Alterations in peripheral blood lymphocyte populations, demonstrated a decrease following SE, accompanied by a reduction in CD3+ T-lymphocytes. Further investigations uncovered an increased abundance of T-lymphocytes in the piriform cortex and choroid plexus at 3DPSE, suggesting a specific mobilization toward the Central Nervous System. Notably, splenectomy mitigated brain reactive astrogliosis, neuroinflammation, and macrophage infiltration post-SE, particularly in the hippocampus and piriform cortex. Additionally, splenectomized animals exhibited reduced lymphatic follicle size in the deep cervical lymph nodes. Most significantly, splenectomy correlated with improved neuronal survival, substantiated by decreased neuronal loss and reduced degenerating neurons in the piriform cortex and hippocampal CA2-3 post-SE. Overall, these findings underscore the pivotal role of the spleen in orchestrating immune responses and neuroinflammation following pilocarpine-induced SE, implicating the peripheral immune system as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating neuronal degeneration in epilepsy.
Broncho biliary fistula following interventional radiology for hepatic metastases
Authors: Sliwinski Svenja , Sammons Mary Katherine , Koca Faruk , El Youzouri Hanan , Vogl Thomas , Bechstein Wolf 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBronchobiliary fistulas are defined as an abnormal communication between the biliary system and the bronchial tree. They are extremely rare complications of radiofrequency or microwave ablation. A 39-year-old woman with a history of neuroendocrine pancreatic carcinoma suffering from liver metastasis was treated with microwave ablation (MWA). In this case report, we present a case of intractable biliptysis from a bronchobiliary fistula secondary to an MWA. The patient was diagnosed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograph and hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Treatment involved a right hemihepatectomy, a redo-hepaticojejunostomy, and the surgical placement of a transhepatic drain. After 6 weeks of drain placement, this could be removed. The fistula was thus successfully treated.
Angst- oder furchtbezogene Störungen in der ICD-11
Authors: Ertle Andrea , Lüken Ulrike 
Published: April 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Neuordnung der Angst- oder furchtbezogenen Störungen in der ICD-11 wird, auch im Vergleich zum DSM-5, beschrieben. Wichtigste Veränderungen sind die gleichberechtigt nebeneinanderstehenden Kategorien „Panikstörung“ und „Agoraphobie“, die Einordnung von „Trennungsangststörung“ und „Selektiver Mutismus“ in das Kapitel sowie die Auflösung der meisten Hierarchieregeln. Die Veränderungen werden die Diagnosestellung in der Praxis vereinfachen, von empirisch nicht haltbaren theoretischen Annahmen befreien und gleichzeitig zu einem Anstieg der Prävalenz von Angststörungen und deren Komorbiditätsraten führen.
International Roadshow: New Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolic
Diseases
Authors: Steenblock Charlotte , Saber-Ayad Maha M. , Bornstein Stefan R. 
Published: April 2024

Dear Readers,Currently, there is a myriad of new developments in the field of endocrinology. In
particular, significant strides have been made in the development of poly-agonists
for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity 1
2. Poly-agonists represent a
novel therapeutic approach by combining multiple actions within a single molecule,
targeting multiple receptors simultaneously to achieve enhanced efficacy. These
innovative compounds aim to address the complex interplay of hormonal pathways
involved in glucose regulation and metabolism, offering potential breakthroughs in
the management of diabetes and obesity.
Senolytika und Senomorphika im Kampf gegen neurodegenerative
Erkrankungen
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Friedrichsen Hans-Peter 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn der Pathobiochemie von Neurodegeneration und Seneszenz spielen genomische
Instabilität, Verkürzung der Telomere, epigenetische Mechanismen sowie reaktive
Sauerstoff- und Stickstoffspezies eine zentrale Rolle. Seneszente Zellen sind
charakteristisch für die Alterung. Sie regulieren antiapoptotische Signalwege
und verhindern so Absterben und Elimination von Zellen mit Läsionen an DNA und
Zellorganellen. In der Altersforschung stehen Senolytika im Mittelpunkt, die die
Apoptose oder die Lyse seneszenter Zellen induzieren und zudem neuroprotektiv
wirken. Das senolytische Flavonol Fisetin kommt in verschiedenen Obst- und
Gemüsesorten vor und kann seit 1904 synthetisiert werden. Es schützt
Nervenzellen vor Neurotoxizität, Inflammation und apoptotischer Degeneration;
die Wirkung muss noch durch weitere Studien belegt werden. Auch Senomorphika wie
Metformin werden zur Unterdrückung der Seneszenz eingesetzt.
Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide in
Overweight or Obese Adults: A Systematic Review with
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dorneles Gilson , Algeri Ellen , Lauterbach Gerhard , Pereira Marcelo , Fernandes Brigida 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background To evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly subcutaneous
semaglutide treatment in overweight or obese patients without type 2
diabetes.
Methods Randomized clinical trials that assessed the impact of once-weekly
semaglutide on body weight and safety outcomes in overweight or obese patients
were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Lilacs up to November 2023. Risk of bias
was assessed with RoB 2.0, and certainty of evidence (CoE) with GRADE. A
random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.
Results Ten publications, with 22.155 patients, were included. Semaglutide
decreased relative body weight (MD: −11.80; 95%CI: −13.53 to −10.07; CoE: High),
absolute body weight (MD: −11.58; 95%CI: −13.25 to −9.90; CoE: High) and BMI
(MD: −4.15; 95%CI: −4.85 to −3.45; CoE: High). Semaglutide also increased the
proportion of patients who achieved 5%, 10%, and 15% of weight loss ([weight
loss≥5%: RR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.88 to 2.80; CoE: High]; [weight loss≥10%: RR 4.54,
95% CI: 3.45 to 5.98; CoE: High]; [weight loss≥15%: RR 8.29, 95%CI: 5.54 to
12.39; CoE: High]). Semaglutide leads to small risk to adverse events (RR: 1.03;
95%CI: 1 to 1.06; CoE: High), no difference in the serious adverse events (RR:
1.07; 95%CI: 0.70 to 1.62; CoE: Low), but increases in the risk to discontinued
treatment (RR: 2.03; 95%CI: 1.87 to 2.20; CoE: High) and gastrointestinal
adverse events (RR: 3.26; 95%CI: 1.99 to 5.34; CoE: Moderate).
Conclusion This up-to-date systematic review highlights that once-weekly
semaglutide treatment resulted in clinically important weight loss, becoming a
promising adjuvant therapy for obesity.
Relationship between Workload, Psychological State and Recovery in
Female Soccer Athletes
Authors: Long John William , Brown Denver , Farrell John , Gonzalez Matthew , Cheever Kelly 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the multifaceted relations between measures of workload,
psychological state, and recovery throughout an entire soccer season in female
collegiate soccer athletes (19.8±1.2 yrs, 132±12.3 lbs, 63±3.2 in). A
prospective longitudinal study was utilized to measure workload (GPS training
load, Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE), psychological state (mental stress,
mental fatigue, and mood), and recovery (sleep duration, sleep quality, and
soreness), during 90 observations (59 training sessions and 21 games). Separate
linear-mixed effect models were used to assess outcomes of RPE, soreness, and
sleep duration. A linear mixed-effects model explained 59% of the variance in
RPE following each session. Specifically, each standard deviation increase in
GPS load and mental stress in the morning prior to training increased RPE by
1.46 (SE=0.08) and 0.29 (SE=0.07), respectively, following that day’s training.
Furthermore, a significant interaction was found between several predictor
variables and chronological day in the season while predicting RPE.
Specifically, for each standard deviation increase in GPS load, RPE went up by
0.0055 per day during the season suggesting that load had a higher impact on RPE
as the season progressed. In contrast, the interaction of day by mental stress,
sleep duration, and soreness continued to be stronger as the season progressed.
Each linear mixed-effect model predicted a larger amount of variance when
accounting for individual variations in the random effects.
Effekte eines einwöchig-stationären Gesundheitsprogramms für
pflegende Angehörige gemeinsam mit ihrer pflegebedürftigen Person (Pflege-Tandem
der SVLFG) – eine quasiexperimentelle Studie
Authors: Hetzel Christian , Schaller Julia , Michel Wolfgang , Froböse Ingo 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Ziel war es, den Effekt eines einwöchig-stationären
Gesundheitsprogramms für pflegende Angehörige gemeinsam mit ihrer
pflegebedürftigen Person (Pflege-Tandem) auf das Wohlbefinden der pflegenden
Angehörigen zu schätzen. Zudem wurden Akzeptanz und subjektiver Nutzen erhoben.
Kostenträger der Intervention ist die Sozialversicherung für Landwirtschaft,
Forsten und Gartenbau (SVLFG).
Methodik Zentral für die Intervention sind (1) die häusliche
Pflegeberatung vor dem Seminar, (2) das einwöchige Seminar im Setting einer
Rehaklinik eines Kurortes insbesondere mit Pflegekurs, Bewegungs- und
Entspannungseinheiten und Anwendung der ortsgebundenen Heilmittel, (3) die
Ersatzpflege der pflegebedürftigen Personen in räumlicher Nähe zum Seminarort
sowie (4) die niederschwellige telefonische Nachsorge durch SVLFG-Fachpersonal.
In einer kontrollierten prospektiven Panelstudie (IG n=35, VG n=67, Zuteilung
nicht randomisiert) wurde das Wohlbefinden (WHO-5, Spannweite 0–100) zu mehreren
Messzeitpunkten erhoben (IG: 0, 1, 9, 17, 28 und 43 Wochen nach Seminarbeginn;
VG 0, 17, 28 und 43 Wochen). Die Statistik erfolgte mittels fixed-effects
Panelregression unter Kontrolle von zeitveränderlichen Kovariaten
(Periodeneffekte, externe Belastungen).
Ergebnisse In der IG (80 Prozent Frauen, mittleres Alter 66,5 Jahre)
zeigen zu Beginn 69 Prozent der pflegenden Angehörigen Hinweise auf eine
klinisch relevante Depressivität. Bei den pflegebedürftigen Personen sind alle
Pflegegrade vertreten, überwiegend 2 und 3, mit ärztlich diagnostizierter Demenz
bei 37 Prozent. Die VG ist ähnlich strukturiert. Unter der Bedingung stabiler
externer Belastungen ist der Anfangseffekt sehr deutlich (delta=+19 Punkte).
Danach flacht die Wirkung ab, bleibt aber recht stabil bei etwa 10 Punkten über
dem Ausgangsniveau. Die letzte Messung (43 Wochen) ist zwar nicht mehr
statistisch signifikant erhöht, aber sie ist unabhängig von der Entwicklung
externer Belastungen. Die Akzeptanz und der subjektive Nutzen sind sehr
hoch.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Stärke der Intervention ist der dyadische Ansatz.
Die Intervention fördert das Wohlbefinden und ist hochakzeptiert. Das Design
erlaubt zumindest vorsichtige kausale Schlussfolgerungen. Für die verbleibenden
Limitationen wären größere Fallzahlen und eine randomisiert kontrollierte Studie
erforderlich.