bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eccrine spiradenoma and dermal cylindroma
Authors: Gerber J. E. , Descalzi M. E. 
Published: April 2006

The homologous nature and morphological similarities between cutaneous and salivary gland tumors have been well documented. This is especially true of the monomorphic adenoma, eccrine spiradenoma and cylindroma. Prior to the first full clinical and pathological description, about twenty‐five years ago, the lesion of eccrine spiradenoma had been given multiple synonyms.This report is of a patient with an eccrine spiradenoma in the buttock and dermal‐type cylindroma of the parotid gland. This may represent the transformation of pleuripotential basal cells originating in the parotid and eccrine sweat gland.
HSV‐2 replication sites, monocyte and lymphocytic cell infection and virion phagocytosis by neutrophils, in vesicular lesions on penile skin
Authors: Boddingius J. , Dijkman H. , Hendriksen E. , Schift R. , Stolz E. 
Published: April 2006

From a heterosexual male with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV‐2) infection, a fresh intraepidermal vesicle on the penile skin was excised by punch biopsy, fixed and processed for electron microscopy. Differing locations and appearances of capsids and virions were studied to elucidate true host or destroyer cells. HSV‐2 propagation and virion formation occurred predominantly in multi‐ or mononucleate spinosum cells situated at the base of the vesicle. However, some of the monocytes, young histiocytes and lymphocytic cells floating in the vesicle fluid were also involved. They harbored a small number of intranuclear capsids, designating the cells as viral (capsid) carriers. Infrequently encountered free virions in the vesicle fluid were invariably seen near neutrophils. All neutrophil granulocytes examined lacked intranuclear capsids. In contrast, distinct evidence of phagocytosis of virions and some capsids by neutrophils was found in the vesicle fluid near apical portions of spinosum cells packed with virions, or in neutrophils located between virion‐loaded spinosum cells in the base lining of the vesicle. In the cytoplasm of neutrophils, single and lysosomc‐enclosed clusters of virions were noted. Myelin figures and vacuolation of lysosomes in free‐floating neutrophils were suggestive of virion distintegration.Viral propagation and abundant virion formation, beside neutrophil and lymphocyte attack, eventually lead to spinosum cell destruction. The minimal cytopathic effects (CPE) observed in involved monocytes and lymphocytic cells floating in the vesicle fluid suggest that these cells might function as vehicles for HSV‐2 (capsid) transport to the exterior or interior.
Inverse correlation between CD34 expression and proline‐4‐hydroxyase immunoreactivity on spindle cells noted in hypertrophic scars and keloids
Authors: Alba Setsuya , Tagami Hachiro 
Published: April 2006

The CD34 positive (CD34+) spindle cells constitute a special population of spindle cells which show a unique distribution in the skin. So far, however, the functional role of CD34+ spindle cells and the regulation of CD34 expression on dermal spindle cells are totally unknown. We examined immunohistologically the pattern of the expression of CD34 and proline‐4‐hydroxylase, a marker for the fibroblasts that participate in active collagen synthesis, on dermal spindle cells at various stages of scar and keloidal tissues.Dermal spindle cells in the lesions of hypertrophic scar and those at inflammatory expanding borders of keloids totally lost CD34 expression, but they strongly expressed proline‐4‐hydroxylase. On the other hand, they expressed CD34, together with decreased immunoreactivity to anti‐proline‐4‐hydroxylase antibody, in non‐inflammatory scars or in a non‐inflammatory central portion of keloid. In two cases of scars, in which inflammation began to subside, double immunofluorescence demonstrated that both CD 34 and proline‐4‐hydroxylase were expressed on the same spindle cells.CD34 expression, once disappeared from the lesions of hypertrophic scar or keloid, seems to return on CD34–proline‐4‐hydroxylase+ cells, when the initial inflammatory changes begin to regress. There is a reverse correlation between CD34 expression on spindle cells and the synthesis of type I collagen in the skin.
Thymidine uptake and cell migration in cheek epithelium of zinc‐deficient rats
Authors: Alvares O. F. , Meyer J. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract. Male weanling rats were fed a diet containing 1.3 mg zinc/kg diet and controls the same diet supplemented by 40 mg /zinc/kg diet. The rates of cell division and upward migration in the cheek epithelium were obtained from counts of labelled cells in animals sacrificed one hour and three days following intraperitoneal injection of 1 μCi tritiated thymidine/g body weight. A 3.4‐fold increase over the number of labelled cells in controls was observed one hour after thymidine administration and a 2.7‐fold increase three days later. Ratios of labelled cells at three days and one hour were 4.96 in controls and 3.99 in experimental animals. The percentage distribution of labelled cells in successive subdivisions of epithelium was identical in both groups. The number of labelled cells near the junction of granular and keratin layers was 2.9‐fold greater in the experimental animals.It is suggested that the zinc‐deficient cheek epithelium of the rat might be a useful model for the study of pathological conditions associated with increased rates of cell proliferation.
A histological study of dentin formation in osteogenesis imperfecta congenita
Authors: Godfrey J. L. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract. The developing deciduous teeth in three cases of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita were studied with routine histological stains, electron microscopy, and a silver impregnation method for nerves. The odontoblasts differentiated normally and assumed a columnar form and regular arrangement while pre‐dentin was forming, but after tooth formation was initiated normal development deteriorated. With the onset of mineralization, the odontoblasts changed to polyhedral cells with no definite orientation. The structure of the dentin was the same in all teeth and consisted of coarse fibrous circumpulpal dentin covered by a normal tubular mantle layer 20μm thick.Electron microscopy revealed that collagen fibers were evenly distributed in early pre‐dentin but later were grouped together in large bundles which entered hillocks of dentin matrix. These large collagen fiber bundles may be von Korff fibers.Studies of nerves, although not conclusive, indicated abnormal patterns of nerve growth and it is possible that the abnormal connective tissue was responsible for the apparent disorderly arrangement of the nerves. It is also suggested that developing teeth in osteogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta could be used as experimental models to study normal mechanisms of dentinogenesis.
Experimental allergic sialoadenitis. VII
Authors: Sela J. , Bab J. A. , Dishon T. , Rosenmann E. , Boss J. H. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Rats were passively immunized by an intraperitoneal injection of homologous anti‐BSA serum and their salivary glands were challenged 20 min or 24 hours later with BSA by the intraductal route. Immune complex sialoadenitis developed only when challenge was early. It is concluded that immunoglobulins are transferred from the circulation into the salivary glands and are relatively rapidly cleared by a mechanism yet unknown, possibly by salivary flow.
Ghost cell epithelium in odontomas
Authors: Sedano Heddie O. , Pindborg Jens J. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Eight cases from a series of 75 odontomas were found to contain ghost cell epithelium. Clinical, radiologic and histologic findings in these cases did not differ significantly from those of odontomas in general. The results obtained with several staining methods, including rhodamin B under fluorescent light, suggest that the ghost cells represent different stages in the process of ortho‐, para‐ and aberrant keratin formation. Ghost cells should be viewed as the product of metaplastic transformation of the odontogenic epithelium with no significance for the prognosis and treatment of odontomas.
The reaction of salivary substances with bacteria
Authors: Ericson Th. , Pruitt K. , Wedel H. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Reactions between selected strains of oral streptococci and saliva were studied spectrophotometrically. The curves of absorbance (700 nm) versus those of time were sigmoidal for aggregating saliva‐bacteria mixtures. When the logarithm of the ratio of the change in absorbance to the remaining absorbance was plotted against the reaction time, straight lines were obtained. At a fixed concentration of bacteria, the slope of these lines for a series of dilutions of a selected saliva sample was a parabolic function of the volume of saliva in the reaction mixtures. A model for the aggregation reaction was developed which explained the shape of these parabolic curves. The parameters of the model can be calculated from the experimental data and can be used to estimate the concentration of aggregation‐inducing substances in undiluted saliva. A method for calculating the specific rate constant for the binding of free cells to aggregates was developed. This rate constant is a characteristic feature of a given aggregation reaction and can, in principle, be used to distinguish between aggregation‐inducing substances of different molecular structures.
In vitro metabolism of testosterone‐4‐14C by canine salivary glands
Authors: Mosadoml Adeyemi , Ofner Peter 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Testosterone‐4‐14C (2430 pmol, 0.48 μM) was incubated aerobically in 67 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4 with homogenates and minces of salivary glands from male dogs. Extracted radiosteroids were resolved by thin‐layer chromatography on silica gel, removed and quantitated. Substantially higher NAD+‐dependent 17 β‐hydroxy‐C19‐steroid oxidoreductase activity was found in submaxillary gland homogenates than in similar parotid‐gland preparations. Preliminary evidence is presented that the enzyme activity per unit wet weight of the minced submaxillary gland is decreased in the 2‐week male castrate, in the absence of any recognizable histologic changes in the gland. Testosterone metabolism by canine salivary glands is thus oxidative, contrasting with the reductive 17 β‐hydroxysteroid pathway characteristic of androgen‐dependent organs such as the prostate, and is more extensive than in this accessory sex tissue. Our findings suggest that the canine salivary glands are not target organs for circulating male hormone.
Multiple external‐internal resorptions as late effects of Thorium X (224Ra)
Authors: Reichart Peter , Eckhardt Wolfram , Reznik Gerd 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Multiple external‐internal resorptions are infrequent and are related to a variety of etiological factors. Thorium X (222Ra) is believed to cause the dental resorptive changes observed in two patients who had received a series of injections each containing 8 to 70 μCi of 222Ra 25 years previously.
Topographical distribution of sulphated glycosaminoglycans in human temporomandibular joint disks
Authors: Kopp Sigvard 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.The distribution of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAG's) in the human temporomandibular joint disk and its relationship to sex, age and osteoarthrosis was studied by histochemical methods in autopsy material from 18 individuals. The disks were embedded in paraffin and frontal sections, 5‐7 μ thick, were cut at different levels. Two staining methods were used, toluidine blue at pH 0.5 and alcian blue with different concentrations of MgCl2. The two methods gave comparable results. The sulphated GAG's as represented by metachromatic staining with toluidine blue at pH 0.5 and staining with alcian blue in concentrations of MgCl2 above 0.55‐M were found in the central load‐bearing part of the disks evenly distributed in the medio‐lateral direction. The findings from the alcian blue staining method indicated the presence of sulphated GAG's with characteristics similar to chondroitin/dermatan sulphate and keratan sulphate. The latter finding was most frequent in a surface zone (10‐100 μ) located mainly in the central part of the disks. In macroscopically thin areas of the disks judged as early osteoarthrosis a significant reduction in the staining of sulphated GAG's could be observed. No age or sex differences were found in the distribution of GAG's, either in normal or in osteoarthrotic disks.
Focal epithelial hyperplasia in a group of South Africans: Its ultrastructural features
Authors: Van Wyk C. W. , Staz J. , Farman A. G. 
Published: April 2006

Abstract.Election microscopic observation of samples of tissues from lesions diagnosed as focal epithelial hyperplasia revealed the presence of viral particles in six (possibly seven) of 13 cases examined. Viral particles were intranuclear and varied from sparsely scattered to densely packed. A crystalline arrangement was present in one case. The chromatin of affected cells was typically condensed into clumps and thick bands, and the nuclear membrane was usually absent in pronounced cases. The nuclei of the basal and prickle cells were frequently indented and the chromatin peripherally condensed. Numbers of lysosomal‐like organelles were observed in many of these cells. The ballooning epithelial cells with their mitosis‐like aberrations observed with light microscopy consisted of a rim of tonofilmaments and organelles and a homogeneous granular center interspersed with dense areas. It is suggested that the nuclear characteristics and numerous lysosomes observed in basal and prickle cells are cellular changes induced by the viral infection and that the mitosis‐like aberrations represent a bizarre and arrested form of mitosis.
The hematopoietic defect of the jaws: A report of sixteen cases
Authors: Lipani C. S. , Natiella J. R. , Greene G. W. 
Published: April 2006

Biopsy of radiolucent lesions of the jaws has resulted in the identification of areas of hematopoiesis usually designated as focal osteoporotic marrow defects. The majority of the cases reported involve the posterior region of the mandible in a previous extraction site.Pain and swelling are not uncommon. Since the clinical and radiographic symptoms of hematopoietic defects resemble manifestations of other neoplastic and inflammatory diseases, it is important to continue to describe the properties of this interesting entity.
MICROFLUIDICS‐BASED OPTICAL BIOSENSING METHOD FOR RAPID DETECTION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7
Authors: LI YANBIN , SU XIAO‐LI 
Published: April 2006

ABSTRACT Microbial contamination of food products causes foodborne diseases and related costs, presenting an urgent need for the rapid detection of bacterial pathogens in food samples. In this research, a microfluidics‐based optical biosensing method was investigated for the rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, and specifically the performance of microfluidic channels was evaluated. The biosensing system consisted of a syringe pump for sample/reagent delivery, an antibody‐modified microfluidic channel as a bioseparator/bioreactor for bacterial capture and enzymatic amplification and an optical detector for signal measurement. Affinity‐purified anti‐E. coli O157:H7 antibodies were chemically immobilized onto the inner wall of microfluidic channels. The immobilized antibodies captured target bacteria in a sample being pumped through the microfluidic channel. Sandwich complexes of immobilized antibody–target bacteria‐labeled antibody were formed in the channel after alkaline phosphatase‐labeled antibodies passed through. Then, p‐nitrophenyl phosphate was injected into the channel as the substrate of the alkaline phosphatase conjugates, and the absorbance of the enzymatic product, 4‐nitrophenol, was measured at its maximum absorption wavelength of 402 nm. The results indicate that the microfluidics‐based optical biosensing method was able to detect E. coli O157:H7 with a detection limit of 10–100 cfu/mL in 2 h without any enrichment. The absorbance was not significantly different among the microfluidic channels with different lengths from 10 to 60 cm. Interference from generic E. coli and other bacterial species was negligible. The microfluidic channel designed as the bioseparator/bioreactor showed its advantages in improved immunoassay kinetics and minimized reagent consumption and its potentials for automated operation and portable biosensors.
Adjusting copper concentrations for caeruloplasmin levels in routine clinical practice
Authors: Twomey P J , Viljoen A , House I M , Reynolds T M , Wierzbicki A S 
Published: April 2006

Background:An investigation on copper metabolism usually includes the measurement of serum levels of copper and caeruloplasmin. Using these levels, some laboratories derive levels of non-caeruloplasmin-bound copper (NCC); however, a considerable number of patients may show negative values, which is not physiologically possible.Aim:To derive an equation for adjusted copper in a manner similar to that widely accepted for adjusted calcium.Methods:A linear regression equation for the relationship between caeruloplasmin and copper was used: [copper] (μmol/l) = 0.052×[caeruloplasmin] (mg/l). An equation for copper adjusted for caeruloplasmin was derived using this equation and the reference interval of 10–25 μmol/l for copper.Results:The derived equation was [adjusted copper] (μmol/l) = [total copper] (μmol/l)+0.052×[caeruloplasmin] (mg/l)+17.5 (μmol/l). The adjusted copper concentrations on the 2.5th and 97.5th centiles were 12.7 and 21.5 μmol/l, respectively, with the population having a gaussian distribution. The relationship between NCC and the adjusted copper concentrations is linear and independent of caeruloplasmin concentration.Conclusion:Calculation of copper adjusted for caeruloplasmin uses the same variables as those for NCC. Accordingly, the problems that are caused by the lack of specificity of caeruloplasmin immunoassays are the same as those identified for NCC. This calculation, however, overcomes the negative values that are found in a considerable minority of patients with NCC, as well as age and sex differences in the caeruloplasmin reference interval. As the concept is already familiar to non-laboratory healthcare professionals in the form of calcium adjusted for albumin, this method is potentially less confusing than that for NCC.
Gastric histology, serological markers and age as predictors of gastric acid secretion in patients infected withHelicobacter pylori
Authors: Derakhshan M H , El-Omar E , Oien K , Gillen D , Fyfe V , Crabtree J E , McColl K E L 
Published: April 2006

Background:Acid secretion is intimately associated with most upper gastrointestinal diseases.Helicobacter pyloriinfection is a major environmental factor modifying acid secretion.Aim:To study the association between the pattern ofH pylorigastritis and gastric secretory function in a large number of subjects without specific upper gastrointestinal disease.Methods and materials:Maximal acid output (MAO) was measured in 255 patients with dyspepsia showing normal endoscopy. Activity and severity of gastritis, atrophy andH pyloriinfection were assessed in body and antral biopsies. The correlations of histological parameters as well as age, sex, height, weight, smoking, serum gastrin, pepsinogen I and II, and their ratio with MAO were determined. Multiple linear regression was used to show the best possible predictors of MAO.Results:Negative relationships: Body atrophy and body-combined (active and chronic) inflammatory scores showed a potent inverse correlation with MAO (correlation coefficients (CC) 0.59 and 0.50, respectively). Body:antral chronic gastritis ratio and body:antral combined inflammation ratio (both with CC = 0.49) and age (CC = 0.44) were also inversely correlated with MAO. Intestinal metaplasia at both antral and body sites had negative relationships with acid output with CC = 0.23 and 0.20, respectively. Positive relationships: Serum pepsinogen I, bodyH pyloridensity:combined inflammation ratio and pepsinogen I:II ratio with CC of 0.38, 0.38 and 0.30, respectively, correlated with MAO. TheH pyloridensity: combined inflammation of both antrum and body positively correlated with MAO (CC = 0.29 and 0.38, respectively). Male sex and patient height also positively correlated with acid output. Modelling showed that body combined inflammatory score, body atrophy, age and serum pepsinogen I are independent predictors of acid output (R2 = 0.62).Conclusion:Combination of body gastritis, body atrophy, age and serum pepsinogen I can be used as predictors of acid-secretory state in populations infected withH pylori.
Long term health complaints following the Amsterdam Air Disaster in police officers and fire-fighters
Authors: Huizink A C , Slottje P , Witteveen A B , Bijlsma J A , Twisk J W R , Smidt N , Bramsen I , van Mechelen W , van der Ploeg H M , Bouter L M , Smid T 
Published: April 2006

Background:On 4 October 1992, a cargo aircraft crashed into apartment buildings in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Fire-fighters and police officers assisted with the rescue work.Objectives:To examine the long term health complaints in rescue workers exposed to a disaster.Methods:A historical cohort study was performed among police officers (n = 834) and fire-fighters (n = 334) who performed at least one disaster related task and reference groups of their non-exposed colleagues (n = 634 and n = 194, respectively). The main outcome measures included digestive, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous system, airway, skin, post-traumatic stress, fatigue, and general mental health complaints; haematological and biochemical laboratory values; and urinalysis outcomes.Results:Police officers and fire-fighters who were professionally exposed to a disaster reported more physical and mental health complaints, compared to the reference groups. No clinically relevant statistically significant differences in laboratory outcomes were found.Conclusions:This study is the first to examine long term health complaints in a large sample of rescue workers exposed to a disaster in comparison to reference groups of non-exposed colleagues. Findings show that even in the long term, and in the absence of laboratory abnormalities, rescue workers report more health complaints.
Parameter estimation for stiff equations of biosystems using radial basis function networks
Authors: Matsubara Yoshiya , Kikuchi Shinichi , Sugimoto Masahiro , Tomita Masaru 
Published: April 2006

Abstract

Background
The modeling of dynamic systems requires estimating kinetic parameters from experimentally measured time-courses. Conventional global optimization methods used for parameter estimation, e.g. genetic algorithms (GA), consume enormous computational time because they require iterative numerical integrations for differential equations. When the target model is stiff, the computational time for reaching a solution increases further.

Results
In an attempt to solve this problem, we explored a learning technique that uses radial basis function networks (RBFN) to achieve a parameter estimation for biochemical models. RBFN reduce the number of numerical integrations by replacing derivatives with slopes derived from the distribution of searching points. To introduce a slight search bias, we implemented additional data selection using a GA that searches data-sparse areas at low computational cost. In addition, we adopted logarithmic transformation that smoothes the fitness surface to obtain a solution simply. We conducted numerical experiments to validate our methods and compared the results with those obtained by GA. We found that the calculation time decreased by more than 50% and the convergence rate increased from 60% to 90%.

Conclusion
In this work, our RBFN technique was effective for parameter optimization of stiff biochemical models.