bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ectopic thyroid malignancy in the midline of the neck
Authors: Laing Malcolm R. , Mclay Kenneth A. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA 71-year-old female presented with a midline neck mass. The clinical impression was that of a thyroglossal cyst but preoperative assessment suggested a solid lesion, possibly malignant. The mass was removed surgically using the Sistrunk technique and shown pathologically to be a mixed papillary-follicular carcinoma of the thyroid with no cystic elements. Clinically and radiologically the thyroid was normal and thyroidectomy was not performed. This management is discussed along with a brief review of the relevant literature on the pathology and treatment of similar lesions.
The styloid process in ossicular chain reconstruction
Authors: Ogale S. B. , Desouza C. , Sheode J. , Shah K. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOur pilot study reports twenty-six cases of resolved chronic otitis media in which the human, cadaveric styloid process was used as an ossicular graft material. A maximum follow-up of one year is presented in this paper. There was no extrusion or rejection of the styloid processes. Hearing improvement with a closure of the air-bone gap to within 10–15 dB. of the pre-operative bone conduction was found in most cases. So far the styloid process has proved to be an ideal ossicular graft though the long-term results are yet to be seen.
NED survival in head and neck cancer
Authors: Narula A. A. , Padfield C. J. , Morgan D.A.L. , MacLennan K. A. , Bradley P. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA common feature of reporting head and neck squamous cancer statistics in recent years has been to consider patients dying with no evident disease (NED) as successfully treated. We present two patients who died with no clinically evident squamous cancer and who could therefore have been reported as cured but for autopsy findings which showed significant distant spread. These findings are supported by several reports of distant metastases in squamous head and neck cancer and it is suggested that rates of post-mortem examinations be included in survival figures in the future.
Severe late-onset epistaxis following le Fort I osteotomy: angiographic localization and embolization
Authors: Solomons Neil B. , Blumgart Ray 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEpistaxis following maxillofacial trauma or maxillofacial surgery is uncommon. It usually occurs within 24 hours of the injury and can usually be controlled by packing. Rarely internal maxillary artery ligation is necessary and embolization has been used in some cases of severe trauma.We present a case of severe late-onset epistaxis following Le Fort I osteotomy. The diagnostic approach and treatment are discussed.
Pleomorphic adenoma arising in accessory salivary tissue with constriction of Stensen's duct.
Authors: Kronenberg Jona , Horowitz Ada , Creter Doras 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAccessory salivary gland tissue is well recognized and is found in 21 per cent of the population. Tumours of the accessory salivary tissue are rare and comprise only 1 per cent of all parotid gland tumours.A pleomorphic adenoma of Stensen's duct is described. A circular constriction of this duct by the tumour with retention of saliva in the parotid gland was observed.
Influence of topical phenypropanolamine on tachyphylaxis and mucociliary clearance in the human nose
Authors: Holmberg K. , Bende M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTopical nasal phenylpropanolamine in a 2.5 per cent solution (PPA) was used in an evaluation of the possible development of tachyphylaxis and of possible effects on the mucociliary system after one week of treatment in healthy humans. The tendency of PPA to produce tachyphylaxis was evaluated by rhi-nomanometrie measurements of nasal airway resistance after repeated dose-response provocations. The mucociliary transport time was tested with the saccharine-dye test. No reduced dose-response effect or change in mucociliary transport time was found with PPA, thus indicating that one week of treatment does not contribute to such adverse effects.
Head and neck oncology service—one year's work
Authors: Procter H. M. , Wallace C. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA head and neck oncology service serving the Islington and Haringey District was organized in 1985. It is based at the Whittington and Royal Northern Hospitals and is conducted in conjunction with the combined clinic of the Head and Neck Oncology Group at the Royal Ear Hospital (University College Hospital). This paper presents a surgery of the first year's experience during which 29 new cases of head and neck cancer were seem.
Pectoralis major flaps: Functional aspects of the repair of oral and oropharyngeal resections
Authors: Parker D.A. , Woodhead J. , Chir B. , Das Gupta A.R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe use of pectoralis major flaps for reconstruction after oral and oropharyngeal resection in a series of seventeen patients is reported. The applications and complications are described. A post-operative assessment of speech, chewing and swallowing in ten of the patients is reported. The functional aspects of such surgery are discussed.
Weight gain in children following tonsillectomy
Authors: Barr G. S. , Osborne J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere is much controversial evidence that children gain weight to a significant extent following tonsillectomy, usually associated with a general improvement in health. One hundred and nine consecutive children undergoing tonsillectomy in Dundee for recurrent tonsillitis had their weights recorded pre-operatively, and twelve months after surgery were re-weighed and a symptom chart completed. The results showed the patients were generally not underweight before surgery as their median weight was on the 55th. percentile. Most parents reported an improvement in their child's appetite with a reduction in the number of sore throats after surgery. Their weights following surgery had increased by an average of 20 per cent over what would normally have been expected, but this increase in weight was not confined to underweight children, but to the entire group.
Superior vena cava syndrome: presenting symptom of silent otitis media
Authors: Tovi Ferit , Hirsch Menachem , Gatot Albert 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn extensive lateral sinus thrombosis secondary to silent otitis media, in a patient with a nephrotic syndrome, is presented. The thrombotic process progressed asymptomatically until the occlusion of the superior vena cava. Removal of the intractable pathology within the mastoid and administration of appropriate antibiotic therapy, prevented the further propagation of the life-threatening condition.
Local anaesthetic with vasoconstrictor combinations in septal surgery
Authors: Mcclymont L. G. , Crowther J. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLocal anaesthetic with vasoconstrictor combinations are often used to reduce bleeding and hence improve the operating field in septal surgery. Two commonly used combinations are lignocaine with adrenaline and prilocaine with felypressin (citanest with octapressin). Most surgeons prefer to use lignocaine with adrenaline but because of the risks of cardiac dysrhythmias when used with halothane anaesthetists prefer prilocaine with felypressin. In a trial with lignocaine 2 per cent and adrenaline 1 in 200,000 against prilocaine 3 per cent and felypressin 0.03 international units/ml in 18 patients undergoing septal surgery with local anaesthesia alone there was significantly less blood loss in the lignocaine with adrenaline group, p>0.01. The mean blood loss in the adrenaline group was 7.5 ml. and 32.7 ml. with felypressin. Both combinations were equally effective in producing adequate local anaesthesia. It is concluded that lignocaine with adrenaline is superior to prilocaine with felypressin in achieving a dry operating field in septal surgery under local anaesthesia.
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the sphenoid sinus
Authors: Durham L. , Mackenzie I. J. , For P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma is a diagnostic and therapeutic problem in the management of childhood tumours. A case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma affecting the sphenoid sinus and involving the cavernous sinus is presented. It has become evident that modern combined modality therapy, including surgery when required, radiation and adjuvant multi-drug chemotherapy offers the best chance of survival.
Antibody response to Pneumococcal vaccination as related to tonsillectomy
Authors: Stjernquist-Desatnik A. , Prellner K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn each of twelve matched pairs of patients undergoing tonsillectomy one patient was vaccinated with Pneumovax®, a pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen, prior to tonsillectomy, the other patient being vaccinated after tonsillectomy. Sera were tested for antibody response to three different pneumococcal types of IgG, IgA andIgM classes. The patients with intact tonsils at vaccination did not develop higher antibody response than did those tonsillectomised prior to vaccination. On the contrary, in the case of pneumococcus type 6A, the IgM antibody response in tonsillectomised patients was significantly higher than that in patients with intact tonsils at vaccination (p = 0.021). Thus, the present study did not support the notion thattonsillectomy affects antibody response against pneumococcal vaccination. The palatine tonsils' role as an immunologically reactive organ is also discussed.
The release of histamine from nasal polyp tissue and peripheral blood when challenged with antihuman IgE, house dust mite extract and mixed grass pollen extract and compared with positive skin tests
Authors: Drake-Lee A. B. , Mcloughlan P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasal polyps are a condition of uncertain aetiology but are associated with diseases of the lower respiratory tract, in particular, asthma and cystic fibrosis. Asthma may be mediated by mastcell reactions and the commonest allergen to degranulate mast cells is house dust mite. Mast cells have been shown to be degranulated in nasal polyps. This study looks at thirty-six patients who had nasal polypectomy and of whom fourteen were asthmatic to see if histamine wasreleased from polyp tissue and peripheral blood when they were challenged with antihuman IgE and extracts of house dust mite and mixed grass pollens. These results were compared with skin tests to these allergens. A release of above 15 per cent of the total histamine was considered positive. Eight patients released histamine from polyp tissue but only three patients released histamine with both anti IgE and allergen extracts. The release from blood compared well with positive skin tests (p >0.05 corrected chi square). Although allergy may cause mast cell degranulation in polyp tissue, this study suggests that it is unlikely to be a common cause of nasal polyps.
S-100 protein localization in minor salivary gland tumours: an aid to diagnosis
Authors: Campbell J. B. , Crocker J , Shenoi P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe clinician is almost entirely dependent on the histopathologist to accurately diagnose minor salivary gland tumours, but in some cases the histological interpretation of the specimen is very difficult. Recently it has been demonstrated using immunohistochemical techniques that S-100 protein is present in some salivary gland tissues and its localization has been used as an aid in the differentiation of major salivary gland tumours. To assess its value in the diagnosis of minor salivary gland tumours it was localized in sections from 15 such tumours using both a standard peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) and a newly developed immunogold-silver staining sequence (IGSS) technique. Strong staining for S-100 protein was seen in the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cellular areas and also in the cells in the chondroid and myxoid areas of pleomorphic adenomas. Generally the staining was more intense and widespread with the IGSS method. No staining was observed in any of the other tumour types. We conclude that S-100 protein localization is a valuable aid in the differentiation of minor salivary gland tumours. Furthermore, the IGSS method enables more sensitive ‘reading’ of the staining reaction.
Kikuchi's disease—Apparent malignancy of a neck mass
Authors: Buckley J. G. , Hinton A. , Allien C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of Kikuchi's disease presenting as cervical lymphadenopathy in an adolescent. The original histololgical diagnosis in this case was a metastatic neoplasm. We wish to highlight the importance of this rare condition because of its potential for mimicking malignancy.
Pseudosarcoma of the oesophagus
Authors: John D. G. , Cross S. S. , Lewis M. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe presentation, histology and management of a pseudosarcoma (or polypoid carcinoma) of the oesophagus are presented. Historical and modern theories of pathogenesis are discussed. Though rare, ENT surgeons should be aware of these tumours, as patients with such tumours present early and potentially have a much better prognosis than those with the more common oesophageal malignancies.
Intractable aspiration in a young child and its surgical management
Authors: Violaris N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIntractable aspiration is a life-threatening condition. The problems encountered in a young child with severe intractable aspiration due to bilateral bulbar palsy following the surgical removal of a cerebellar astrocytoma are described. The various options of surgical treatment are discussed and Sasaki's technique of triple layer closure of the larynx using a superiorly based sternohyoid muscle flap is outlined in detail.
Oesophageal carcinoma: endoscopic and clinical findings in 258 patients
Authors: Puhakka H. J. , Aitsalo K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDuring the 10-year period 1917–1980, oesophagoscopy was carried out on a total of 3235 patients in the Department of Otolaryngology, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland. Oesophageal carcinoma was diagnosed in 258 patients, 113 (44 per cent) men and 145 (56 per cent) women. The diagnosis was verified in 228 cases (88.4 per cent) by using an optical rigid oesophagoscope and in 30 cases (11.6 per cent) by a fibreoptic endoscope. The most common and earliest symptom was difficulty in swallowing in 50 per cent of cases. In 44 per cent of patients the symptoms persisted over six months before diagnosis. Upper and middle thoracic portions of the oesophagus were the sites of origin of the carcinoma in 57 per cent of the patients. The macroscopic picture obtained by oesophagoscopy was regarded as malignant in 83 per cent of patients and extraoesophageal spread of the tumour was estimated to be present in 48 per cent of patients by the time of diagnosis. Histological studies showed the tumour to be squamous cell carcinoma in 62 per cent of patients and in 24 per cent well differentiated. Squamous cell carcinoma was seen more often in men than in women. In patients with carcinomain situ, alcohol and tobacco were regarded as aetiological factors in 53 per cent of cases. The need for repeated oesophagoscopy in patients with symptoms related to swallowing is stressed.
Stage 1 Hodgkin's disease of the nasopharynx
Authors: Daniel F. , Mancero F. S. M. , Conrad J. G. , Tyrrell C. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrimary nasopharyngeal involvement with Hodgkin's Disease (HD) is a rare event. Most such cases are associated with other sites of involvement. In this paper we present a case of State 1 HD in the nasopharynx and review the literature.
Effect of respiration on nasopharyngeal radiographs when assessing adenoidal enlargement
Authors: Britton P. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractClinical assessment of adenoidal enlargement in children is difficult and so the lateral nasopharyngeal radiograph is frequently used to assess both adenoid size and the appearance of the adjacent airways. Various measurements of the soft tissues and airways can be made to assess normality or otherwise. Little previously has been mentioned about the physiological conditions, particularly the mode of respiration, under which these radiographs should be obtained and how changes in these conditions affect their appearance. The marked effect in the appearances of nasopharyngeal soft tissues and palatal airway on simply changing from mouth to nose breathing is presented, and an alternative method of examination, for use under certain circumstances is described.
View from beneath—Pathology in Focus Malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity
Authors: Going J. J. , Kean D. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrimary mucosal melanoma of the head and neck is rare and few published cases give proof that the mucosal site is primary. We present a man with malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity which was associated with melanoma-in-situ of the adjacent mucosa, proving that the lesion was primary. He presented with symptoms due to secondary deposits of melanoma in the brain rather than the more usual nose bleeds or blocked nose. The primary site wasfound when his neurological symptoms were investigated by CT and NMR scans of the head.
Swimming in chlorinated water and its effect on Eustachian tube function
Authors: Morgan D. W. , Shenoi P. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMiddle-ear effusion in children is considered to be the result of multiple factors. Swimming in chlorinated water has been incriminated as one such possible aetiological factor. To test the hypothesis that the chemical disinfectant in the swimming pool is probably responsible for the Eustachian tube dysfunction, 30 children between the ages of four and eight years were selected at random from the community health department computer records and were randomly allocated into two groups. Eustachian tube function was assessed by standard tympanometry both immediately prior to swimming (control) and 30 to 45 minutes following swimming in Group 1 and approximately 14 hours following swimming in Group 2. The results of the study showed no significant change (p>0.05) between pre- and post-swimming tympanometry. It is therefore concluded that swimming on the surface of chlorinated water does not compromise the Eustachian tube function in children with healthy middle ears.
Superficial malignant schwannoma on the face: A case for early radical surgery
Authors: Bleach N. R. , Keen C. E. , Dixon J. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of superficial epithelioid schwannoma is presented. The lesion arose as a skin papule in the infra-orbital region and recurring repeatedly over a five-year period, caused significant local morbidity without metastasis. Radical surgery was delayed in the hope of preserving binocular vision. The similarity of this tumour with a rare variant of malignant melanoma, the neurotropic melanoma, is discussed.
Granular cell myoblastoma of the supraglottis
Authors: Robb P. J. , Girling A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGranular cell myoblastoma is an unusual benign tumour, which, when occuring in the larynx usually affects the vocal cords and causes hoarseness. We present a case presenting with symptoms strongly suggestive of globus pharyngis.These tumours probably arise from neuroectodermal tissue, and the current nomenclature is a misnomer. Complete excision rather than biopsy is recommended, as biopsy material may be misinterpreted as squamous carcinoma.In this case, endoscopic removal of the tumour was successful in producing complete symptomatic relief.
Effect of gentamicin on the carbohydrates of the vestibular end organs: An investigation by the use of FITC-lectins
Authors: Takumida M. , Urquiza R. , Bagger-Sjöbäck D. , Wersäll J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe effect of gentamicin on the glycoconjugates in the vestibular end organs is demonstrated using FITC-lectins. Five milligrams of gentamicin dissolved in 0.1 ml. saline was injected in a single dose into the middle ear of adult guinea pigs. Seven days after the injection, the fluorescent reactivity of Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Abrus precatorius agglutinin (APA), Concanavaline A (Con A), and Latyrus odoratus agglutinin (LOA) was decreased in the apical epithelial cell surface as well as in the gelatinous layer of the otolithic membrane of the maculae. In the cupula of the crista ampullaris, the reactivity for WGA and Con A was reduced. The otoconia, however, showed no detectable changes. This indicates that gentamicin may induce an altered carbohydrate metabolism resulting in a decrease of N-acetyl-glucosamine, mannose, galactose and glucose in the glycocalyx lining the epithelial cells as well as in the gelatinous layer of the otolithic membrane or cupula in the vestibular end organs.
Use of a Foley catheter for short-term drainage in frontal sinus surgery
Authors: Ijaduola T. G. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFrontal sinus surgery for chronic disease presents a variety of problems, in particular that of drainage. No matter how successful the surgical technique is in clearing disease from the sinus, it is still important that the fronto-nasal duct is kept patent unless the procedure is an obliterative one. Usually a tube is inserted for drainage and has to be kept in place for several weeks or months. This paper presents a study of 16 patients,
suffering from frontal sinus disease, in whom a short-term drainage technique using a Foley catheter was employed between 1979 and 1988 at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. This type of drainage allows effective anchorage and irrigation with a decongestant. It has been found to give satisfactory results after 14 days in place and has had no unusual complications. It is therefore recommended for use in such cases.
Middle ear neoplasms showing adenomatous and neuroendocrine components
Authors: Davies J. E. , Semeraro D. , Knight L. C. , Griffiths G. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMiddle ear adenomas are rare epithelial tumours. Reports indicate that neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumours may also occur at this site, often in association with an adenomatous component. The clinico-pathological findings (including C.T. scan appearances) of such a ‘mixed’ neoplasm are presented together with a brief review of the few previously described cases. The importance of immuno-histochemistry and electron microscopy for accurate pathological diagnosis of these neoplasms is confirmed.
Guillotine and dissection tonsillectomy compared
Authors: Wake M. , Glossop P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne hundred children and twenty adults were randomly allocated to guillotine or dissection tonsillectomy operations. The study was prospective and double-blind. In the children, the guillotine technique had demonstrable advantages over the dissection technique in terms of duration of operation, blood loss and post-operative pain. There was no significant morbidity in either group. In the adults, the random allocation of patients into these groups was found to be technically unsatisfactory and this arm of the study was abandoned after twenty patients.
Sublabial rhinotomy with septal transfixion as an approach to the nasal fossa, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx
Authors: Bingham B. J. G. , Griffiths M. V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA sublabial incision with septal transfixion and mid-face degloving is described as an approach to the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx. A brief history of the development of the technique is given. The results of nine cases are presented. These cases have had good tumour clearance, excellent cosmetic results and the minimum of complications. The sublabial approach is most useful in children and women, particularly those with intermediate grade tumours. The advantages of the approach compared to the lateral rhinotomy incision include: superior access to the floor of the nose, inferior turbinate and anterior nasal septum; access to both sides of the nasal septum and the absence of a facial scar. The limitations of the sublabial technique are the poor access to frontal sinus and the cribriform plate.