bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant Placement After Marsupialization of a Dentigerous Cyst
Authors: Karamanis S. , Kitharas Th , Tsoukalas D. , Parissis N. 
Published: December 2006

Abstract
This paper presents a case of a dentigerous cyst accompanied by a history of inflammation, resorption of the roots of the first molar and the lingual aspect of the distal root of the second molar, and devitalization of the 2 premolars. The treatment option chosen was marsupialization of the cyst, extraction of the involved teeth, endodontic treatment of both premolars, and implant insertion in the area of the first mandibular molar at a later stage. Twelve months postsurgery the area of interest was almost flattened and the radiographic examination revealed total disappearance of the radiolucency. An implant of 15 × 4 mm was inserted in the area of the first mandibular molar. Despite the excellent implant stability achieved, a thin central zone of the defect remained void of bone. After complete excision of soft tissue the defect was filled with an alloplastic bone substitute. Eight months later (20 months postsurgery), the implant was uncovered and the restorative procedure completed. The implant and the crown have been functioning sign and symptom free for 48 months. Marsupialization was preferred instead of enucleation due to (1) proximity of the cyst to the mandibular canal; (2) need for apicectomy of both premolars to gain good access for enucleation; (3) refusal of the patient to undergo a second surgery for bone harvesting; (4) lower probability for postoperative contamination; (5) need of small quantity of bone substitute; (6) easier extraction of the impacted second molar due to its coronal movement. The disadvantages of the treatment were the long healing period and the discomfort of the patient at the early stages of marsupialization. It was judged that the advantages outweighed the disadvantages in this case. We discuss the findings of other authors who support the conservative approach to jaw cysts in a young population, and the concerns that exist in the literature about the ability of osseoconductive graft materials to generate vital bone and achieve implant-to-bone contact.
Improving VMAT dose calculation accuracy and planning quality via a GPU‐accelerated Fourier transform dose calculation algorithm
Authors: Guida Kenny , Ma Chaoqiong , Patel Joy , Reddy Krishna , Li H. Harold 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundInverse planning typically utilizes fast, less accurate dose calculation algorithms during the iterative optimization process, thus leading to dose calculation errors (DCEs) and suboptimal plans that often require dose normalization and/or plan re‐optimization.PurposeA graphic processing unit (GPU) accelerated Fourier transform dose calculation (FTDC) was recently commissioned at our institution during the Eclipse treatment planning system (Varian Medical Systems) v18.0 upgrade. We hypothesize that FTDC could reduce DCEs and planning failure rates (PFRs) compared to its predecessor, multi‐resolution dose calculation (MRDC), while improving efficiency through utilization of GPUs.MethodsFifty lung SBRT plans were optimized with MRDC and FTDC dose calculation algorithms. Acuros XB (AXB) was then used for final dose calculations. DCEs for target and organ‐at‐risk (OAR) were calculated as the percent difference between AXB and dose calculated at the final optimization step. Plan quality was assessed using an in‐house planning scorecard where PFRs were calculated as the percentage of plans that had a plan score less than 90% with optimal plans scored at 100%.ResultsFTDC showed excellent agreement with AXB in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage, as PTV D95% DCEFTDC averaged 0.8% ± 0.9%, compared to DCEMRDC’s −2.5% ± 3.2%. DCEs for thoracic OARs were reduced with less variation when optimizing with FTDC as compared to MRDC. FTDC had a PFR of 10% (5 out of 50) versus MRDC's 32% (16 out of 50). The subsequent re‐optimization rate resulted from a plan normalization of 3% or greater was 4% for FTDC compared to MRDC's 38%. FTDC with GPU acceleration reduced optimization time by 75% on average compared to MRDC without GPU acceleration.ConclusionsFTDC shows more accurate dose calculation accuracy compared to MRDC. Its use during the optimization process improved planning quality and efficiency assisted with GPUs.
Spatial and Electrostatic Dual‐Confinement in Hierarchical Hollow Bi‐Bi₂O₃@Carbon Nanofibers for Dendrite Suppression and Side Reaction Mitigation in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ye Jinqiu , Ge Tiancheng , Qu Xin , Mohideen Mohamedazeem M. , Wang Ce , Hu Ping , Liu Yong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe widespread application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) is hindered by anode dendrite formation and side reactions, reducing cycling life and performance. This study introduces Bi‐Bi₂O₃‐loaded carbon nanofibers (Bi‐Bi₂O₃@CNF) with hierarchical hollow structures and surface grooves fabricated via electrospinning, thermal treatment, and in situ growth. Experimental characterization and density functional theory reveal that the high surface area and fibrous network of Bi‐Bi₂O₃@CNF enhance electron transport and electrolyte distribution, effectively reducing ohmic resistance and concentration polarization. This “Spatial Effect” provides ample space for uniform Zn deposition. Additionally, the in situ‐grown Bi‐Bi₂O₃, pyridinic nitrogen, pyrrolic nitrogen, and C─O─Bi bonds induce strong zinc affinity and electronegativity, generating an “Electrostatic Confinement Effect” that amplifies the “spatial effect” into a “Dual‐Confinement Effect.” This synergy ensures uniform Zn deposition, suppresses dendrites and side reactions, and mitigates polarization. Compared to pure Zn anodes, Bi‐Bi₂O₃@CNF reduces polarization overpotential by 17.6%, increases hydrogen evolution overpotential by 11.52%, and maintains a Coulombic efficiency of 98.8% for over 200 h. In full cells, Zn@Bi‐Bi₂O₃@CNF//MnO₂ achieves 73.0% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g⁻¹. This work provides a promising strategy for high‐efficiency, durable, and safe AZIBs and offers valuable insights into the design of advanced aqueous energy storage materials.
How to Achieve High Spatial Resolution in Organic Optobioelectronic Devices?
Authors: Fabbri Luca , Migliaccio Ludovico , Širvinskytė Aleksandra , Rizzi Giacomo , Bondi Luca , Tamarozzi Cristiano , Weber Stefan A.L. , Fraboni Beatrice , Glowacki Eric Daniel , Cramer Tobias 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLight activated local stimulation and sensing of biological cells hold great promise for minimally invasive bioelectronic interfaces. Organic semiconductors are particularly appealing for these applications due to their optoelectronic properties and biocompatibility. This study examines the material properties necessary to localize the optical excitation and achieve optoelectronic transduction with high spatial resolution. Using photovoltage and photocurrent microscopy, we investigate spatial broadening of local optical excitation in Phthalocyanine/3,4,9,10‐Perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (H2PC/PTCDI) planar heterojunctions. Our measurements reveal that resolution losses are tied to the effective diffusion length of charge carriers at the heterojunction. For the H2PC/PTCDI heterojunction, the diffusion length is determined to be λd = 1.5 ± 0.1 µm, attributed to reduced carrier mobility. Covering the heterojunction with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) improves the charge generation performance but increases the carrier diffusion length to λd = 7.0 ± 0.3 µm due to longer lifetime and higher carrier mobility. These findings elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying transduction and provide design principles for organic semiconductor devices aimed at achieving high efficiency and high spatial resolution for wireless and optically activated bioelectronics.
Tour Operators as a Tool to Improve Information on Data‐Deficient Cetacean Species
Authors: Peres dos Santos Rui , Rodríguez Yasmina , Sears Richard , Magno Ramiro , Castilho Rita 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the distribution and behaviour of species is crucial for ecosystem assessment and economic evaluations. Despite global research efforts, some cetacean species or populations remain data deficient. False killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens) are among these species, possibly due to their pelagic behaviour and high mobility. This study focused on the Azorean Archipelago, an ecologically rich region influenced by the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current, where false killer whales have been regularly observed over the last decade by the whale watching operators. Using opportunistic data collection from tourist operators, we established the first long‐term study of false killer whales in the NE Atlantic Ocean. Results revealed sightings between April and October, with a peak from July to September. False killer whale groups were observed interacting with other species, particularly bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). The photo‐identification analysis produced an individual catalogue and identified associations between individuals and groups. Four of these animals presented dorsal fin injury patterns suggestive of interactions with fishing gear. Open population capture–recapture (openCR) models estimated a population of 198 individuals in the research area. This study demonstrates the importance of opportunistic data collection in understanding poorly studied species. The findings contribute insights into false killer whale presence, behaviour and potential threats in the studied region. Future research should expand to winter data collection, comprehensive fishery interaction studies and population dynamics assessments for effective conservation efforts.
Nachhaltigkeitsbetrachtungen zur Verstärkung und Instandsetzung von Brücken mit UHFB‐Aufbeton
Authors: Wilkening Marvin , Buitelaar Peter , Oettel Vincent 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn Europa sind zahlreiche Brücken marode und der Straßenverkehr hat in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten signifikant zugenommen. Ein Ersatzneubau ist aus ökonomischer und ökologischer Sicht jedoch stets das letzte Mittel der Wahl. Die optimalste Lösung für defizitäre Bestandsbrücken ist nahezu immer deren Erhalt durch Verstärkung und Instandsetzung. Eine effektive und kostengünstige Maßnahme stellt die nachträgliche Aufbetonergänzung mit ultrahochfestem Stahlfaserbeton (UHFB) dar. Dies wurde bereits in zahlreichen Projekten im Ausland nachgewiesen. Um die Nachhaltigkeit dieser Maßnahme zu bewerten, wird in diesem Beitrag eine Ökobilanz für die mit UHFB‐Aufbeton verstärkte und instand gesetzte Voorster Brücke in den Niederlanden unter Berücksichtigung aller Lebenszyklusphasen einschließlich der Auswirkungen von Verkehrsbehinderungen während der Ertüchtigungsmaßnahme durchgeführt. Zum Vergleich der Ergebnisse wird ein äquivalenter Ersatzneubau herangezogen, um die ökologischen Vorteile der UHFB‐Verstärkungsmaßnahme gegenüber einem Ersatzneubau aufzeigen zu können. Zusätzlich wird eine Nachweisführung im Grenzzustand der Klimaverträglichkeit vorgenommen. Die durchgeführten Untersuchungen und erzielten Ergebnisse belegen die enorme Überlegenheit der Erhaltung von Bestandsbrücken mit UHFB‐Aufbeton gegenüber einem Ersatzneubau hinsichtlich Ressourcenschonung und Einsparung von CO2‐Emissionen und zeigen damit eindrucksvoll deren extreme Nachhaltigkeit.
Betriebsfestigkeitsbasierter Ermüdungsnachweis mit bauwerksspezifischen Wöhlerlinien
Authors: Heußner Lukas , Ahrens Mark Alexander , Mark Peter 
Published: February 2025

AbstractErmüdungsgefährdete Spannbetonbrücken bedürfen besonderer Aufmerksamkeit. Sie sind hinsichtlich ihrer Sicherheit zu bewerten und ggf. kontinuierlich zu überwachen. Geeignet erscheint ein Indikator, der ein Versagen stets rechtzeitig ankündigt. Die höchste Nachweisstufe nach DIN EN 1992‐1‐1 (EC2) sieht einen expliziten Betriebsfestigkeitsnachweis vor. Die verfügbaren Wöhlerlinien sind dazu jedoch wenig geeignet. Sie gelten integral für alle zugelassenen Spannstähle und ‐systeme und erfassen spezifische Anwendungsfälle nur unzureichend. Es wird vorgeschlagen, ersatzweise Ermüdungsversuche an freischwingendem Spannstahl durchzuführen, der dem verbauten Material weitgehend entspricht. Dann verbleibt lediglich die Übertragung auf im Verbund liegende Spannglieder, wofür eine Lösung erarbeitet wird. Durch das interaktive Verfahren werden experimentelle Bruchlastspielzahlen in eine Wöhlerlinie mit Wendepunkt überführt, dann in einen bilinearen Verlauf affin dem EC2 transformiert und mit einer allgemeinen Referenz für freischwingende Spannstähle verglichen. Ihr Lageversatz zur Wöhlerlinie gerader Spannglieder im nachträglichen Verbund wird auf die spezifische Linie übertragen, um sie für das Referenzbauwerk nutzbar zu machen. Sie liegt weit günstiger als die normative und verlängert die Restlebensdauer signifikant. Es erscheint überlegenswert, die Ergebnisse von Ermüdungsversuchen im Zuge von Zulassungen zukünftig verbindlich in der Bauwerksdokumentation zu hinterlegen.
Selective Diversity in RNA Viruses: Do They Know How to Evolve? A Hypothesis
Authors: Nemchinov Lev G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGenetic diversity of viral populations is almost unanimously attributed to the build‐up of random mutations along with accidental recombination events. This passive role of viruses in the selection of viable genotypes is widely acknowledged. According to the hypothesis presented here, populations of steady‐state error copies of a master viral sequence would have a dominant mutant rather than a random pool of heterogeneous viral genomes with changes scattered uniformly without any preferential distribution. It would let viruses face the selection stage of host surveillance having a preceding set of potential survivors or “guard” genomes among an ordinary cloud of random quasispecies.
One‐Pot Hetero‐Di‐C‐Glycosylation of the Natural Polyphenol Phloretin by a Single C‐Glycosyltransferase With Broad Sugar Substrate Specificity
Authors: Li Tuo , Borg Annika J. E. , Krammer Leo , Breinbauer Rolf , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe structural motif of hetero‐di‐C‐glycosyl compound is prominent in plant polyphenol natural products and involves two different glycosyl residues (e.g., β‐d‐glucosyl, β‐d‐xylosyl) attached to carbons of the same phenolic ring. Polyphenol hetero‐di‐C‐glycosides attract attention as specialized ingredients of herbal medicines and their tailored synthesis by enzymatic C‐glycosylation is promising to overcome limitations of low natural availability and to expand molecular diversity to new‐to‐nature glycoside structures. However, installing these di‐C‐glycoside structures with synthetic precision and efficiency is challenging. Here we have characterized the syntheses of C‐β‐galactosyl‐C‐β‐glucosyl and C‐β‐glucosyl‐C‐β‐xylosyl structures on the phloroglucinol ring of the natural polyphenol phloretin, using kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia) C‐glycosyltransferase (FcCGT). The FcCGT uses uridine 5'‐diphosphate (UDP)‐galactose (5 mU/mg) and UDP‐xylose (0.3 U/mg) at lower activity than UDP‐glucose (3 U/mg). The 3'‐C‐β‐glucoside (nothofagin) is ~10‐fold less reactive than non‐glycosylated phloretin with all UDP‐sugars, suggesting the practical order of hetero‐di‐C‐glycosylation as C‐galactosylation or C‐xylosylation of phloretin followed by C‐glucosylation of the resulting mono‐C‐glycoside. Each C‐glycosylation performed in the presence of twofold excess of UDP‐sugar proceeds to completion and appears to be effectively irreversible, as evidenced by the absence of glycosyl residue exchange at extended reaction times. Synthesis of C‐β‐glucosyl‐C‐β‐xylosyl phloretin is shown at 10 mM concentration in quantitative conversion using cascade reaction of FcCGT and UDP‐xylose synthase, allowing for in situ formation of UDP‐xylose from the more expedient donor substrate UDP‐glucuronic acid. The desired di‐C‐glycoside with Xyl or Gal was obtained as a single product of the synthesis and its structure was confirmed by NMR.
Investigating the Role of Smart and Resilient Supplier Management Practices in Circular Economy: A Supply Chain Practice View Perspective
Authors: Bag Surajit , Kumar Mangla Sachin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aims to understand how industrial firms manage smart and resilient supplier management practices within a circular economy context to enhance smart and resilient circular supply chain performance. We employed a sequential explanatory mixed‐methods research design. Using the supply chain practice view, the study develops five research hypotheses. Primary data were collected through surveys, and structural equation modeling was used to test the model in study one. In study two, a qualitative study using semistructured interviews was performed. Our study shows that smart and resilient supplier management practices affect circular supply chain performance, making it a unique and significant contribution. This influence is due to two critical intermediate outcomes: (a) friction reduction and (b) the development of smart and resilient circular supply chain innovations. These intermediate outcomes contribute to enhanced smart and resilient circular supply chain performance. Our study provides a perspective by addressing the “how” of the impact. The study demonstrates how firms can leverage smart and resilient supplier management practices to improve circular supply chain performance. This comprehensive approach enriches the understanding of smart and resilient supplier management practices, emphasizing their strategic importance in achieving superior circular supply chain outcomes.
Assessment of Treatment Outcome in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients on Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Insight From a Resource Limited Setting
Authors: Awlachew Wude Yewondwosen , Tasamma Abel Tenaw , Mengistie Firehiwot Abebe , Alemineh Zekarias Tadele , Tefera Samuel Tesfaye 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11.2), which results in a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly altered the disease course for patients with BCR‐ABL1+ CML globally.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of CML patients in Ethiopia.MethodologyThis was a single‐center, cross‐sectional study conducted on 330 patients diagnosed with CML, who were on TKI therapy and receiving follow‐up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). Data were collected from electronic medical records using a structured data abstraction tool. Chi‐square statistics and binary logistic regression were employed to examine the associations between categorical variables, with statistical significance set at a p value < 0.05. A 95% confidence interval was used.ResultsThe median age of patients was 37.0 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 29.0–49.3), and 185 (56.1%) of the patients were male. At diagnosis, 92.1% were in the chronic phase of CML, while 9 (2.7%) were in blast crisis. The complete hematologic response (CHR) rate at 3 months was 90.9% (291/320), while the CHR rate beyond 3 months was 90.2% (258/286). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of not achieving a complete/partial hematologic response was higher among those diagnosed in the advanced phase of CML (AOR: 6.114, 95% CI: 2.210, 16.910) and among patients requiring a treatment change (AOR: 5.765, 95% CI: 2.460, 13.512).ConclusionThe median age of CML patients in our study was notably young. The 3‐month and overall hematologic responses were excellent. The initial phase of CML at diagnosis and treatment switch was associated with the 3‐month CHR, while only treatment switch was associated with the overall CHR.
Nodal Downstaging of Esophageal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Cohort Study and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Su Feng , Huang Xu , Yin Jun , Tang Hang , Tan Lijie , Shen Yaxing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn esophageal cancer, the ypN0 status after induction therapy could be categorized into two primary groups: “natural N0” (cN0/ypN0) and “down‐staged N0” (cN+/ypN0). The assessment of cN status is typically based on clinical imagination or pathological regression. However, there is no standardized method for evaluating cN/ypN status. This study aims to investigate the prognosis of patients with cN+/ypN0 using both assessment methods through a cohort study and meta‐analysis.MethodsA prospectively maintained database encompassing esophageal cancer patients undergoing induction therapy followed by radical esophagectomy was comprehensively reviewed. The prognostic significance of cN+/ypN0 across two evaluation methods was quantified. Additionally, a meta‐analysis using data from previous studies was conducted.Results578 patients were identified from the cohort analysis, with 342 classified as ypN0 and 236 as ypN+. When evaluated with clinical imagination, patients with cN+/ypN0 had survival outcomes comparable to those with natural N0 but significantly better than those with ypN+ (p < 0.001). Using pathological nodal regression, cN+/ypN0 patients showed superior overall survival compared to ypN+ patients (p = 0.0043), although their disease‐free survival was notably inferior to that of natural N0 patients (p = 0.0088). A meta‐analysis of 20 previous studies confirmed the prognostic value of cN+/ypN0 status in both clinical imagination and pathological regression.ConclusionsFor esophageal cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant, cN+/ypN0 status, assessed through both clinical imagination and pathological regression, serves as a significant prognostic factor. It holds precedence over ypN+ yet falls short of the natural N0. The pre‐treatment categorizations warrant recognition as a novel and pertinent staging metric.
Rise of the Machines: Customer Preference for Service Robots Across Different Settings
Authors: Wen Jutong , Breazeale Michael , Collier Joel E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of artificial intelligence in service economies, service robots play an increasingly important role in frontline service across various industries. However, it remains uncertain whether customers actually prefer service robots across different frontline service settings. Therefore, this exploratory research empirically compares customers' attitudes toward service robots to their attitudes toward human employees, to determine whether customers' preference for service robots is contingent on service settings. Study 1 was conducted in a high‐touch setting (i.e., hotel check‐in), and Study 2 was conducted in a low‐touch setting (i.e., fast‐food ordering). It was found that while customers enjoy interaction with a service robot more than with a human employee in both settings, they tend to accept and recommend service robots more readily in a low‐touch setting. This research provides implications regarding the adoption of service robots and some promising avenues for future marketing research on service robots.