bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detrusor contractility and overactive bladder in patients with cerebrovascular accident
Authors: Natsume Osamu 
Published: April 2008

Objectives:  A retrospective analysis of urodynamic studies was conducted to investigate detrusor contractility following cerebrovascular accident.Methods:  Fifty‐seven patients (34 men and 23 women) who were rehabilitated following cerebrovascular accident were included in the analysis. Subjects with maximum contractile power values less than 10 W/m2 in men and 8 W/m2 in women, in the absence of bladder outlet obstruction, were defined as having detrusor underactivity.Results:  A significantly lower maximum value of detrusor contractile power and a larger residual urine volume, particularly more prevalent in women than in men, appeared unexpectedly after cerebrovascular accident. Patients with underactivity had significantly lower maximum and average flow rates, lower contractile power, and an increased postvoid residual relative to their normal counterparts. The prevalence of underactivity was 35% in the men and 43% in the women. Furthermore, 67% of the men and 80% of the women with underactivity had overactive bladder symptoms. On the other hand, detrusor underactivity was observed in 8 (35%) of 23 overactive bladder patients in the men and 8 (42%) of 19 in the women.Conclusions:  Post‐cerebrovascular accident patients presented various patterns of detrusor contractility. Specific attention to the possible occurrence of detrusor underactivity in these patients is essential for the successful management of overactive bladder syndrome.
Genetic variants of the XRCC7 gene involved in DNA repair and risk of human bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Shou‐Yu , Peng Lei , Li Chun‐Ping , Li Ai‐Ping , Zhou Jian‐Wei , Zhang Zheng‐Dong , Liu Qi‐Zhan 
Published: April 2008

Objective:  To investigate the association between the polymorphisms of the KU70 and X‐ray repair cross complementing group 7 (XRCC7) genes and the risk of bladder cancer.Methods:  This hospital‐based case‐control study included 213 patients with newly diagnosed bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 235 cancer‐free controls frequency‐matched by age and sex. Two polymorphisms, KU70 and XRCC7, using a method involving polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism were genotyped.Results:  The risk of bladder cancer decreased in a dose–response manner as the number of XRCC76721G alleles increased (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.70, 95% confident interval [CI] = 0.47–1.03 for 6721GT and OR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.10–0.99 for 6721GG; Ptrend = 0.013). However, when we used 6721 (GT + GG) as the reference, we found a statistically significant increased risk of bladder cancer associated with the 6721TT genotype (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.04–2.25). In the stratification analysis, this increased risk was more pronounced among subgroups of patients aged >65 years (OR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.25–4.10) and ever smokers (OR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.15–3.68). Furthermore, we observed a 3.24‐fold increased risk (95% CI = 1.35–7.78) for smokers aged >65 years carrying 6721TT genotype compared with those carrying the 6721 (GG + GT) genotype. However, the KU70−61C > G polymorphism was not associated with a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer.Conclusions:  The XRCC7 but not the KU70 polymorphism appears to be involved in the etiology of human bladder cancer. Larger studies with more detailed data on environmental exposure are needed to verify these initial findings.
Comparison of cell cycle regulatory gene mRNA in three different types of human trophoblasts and effect of transforming growth factor
Authors: Richard Craig A. H. , Jones Jaqueline M. , DeLoia Julie A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim:  Identifying the factors responsible for reducing the proliferation, syncytialization, and invasiveness of trophoblast tissues, as seen with preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and spontaneous miscarriage, is a current challenge in reproductive biology. These factors, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β as an example, can work by altering trophoblast differentiation or proliferation. We therefore investigated and compared specific markers of trophoblast proliferation and differentiation in three commonly used trophoblast tissue cell models, and also investigated the influence of TGF‐β on these markers.Methods:  In this study, we isolated human trophoblasts from first trimester and term placentas, and additionally used human choriocarcinoma cells (JEG‐3). Baseline values of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secretion and relative mRNA levels of cell cycle regulators (cyclin E, p21, p27, and p57) were investigated for each cell type. We also investigated the influence of TGF‐β on these parameters.Results:  Quantitative and longitudinal production of hCG differed between the three cell types. Significantly different amounts of cyclin E, p21, p27, and p57 mRNA were demonstrated within each cell type, as well as between all the cell types, throughout the culture time period. Each trophoblast type demonstrated a reduction of hCG secretion in response to TGF‐β. TGF‐β did not show a consistent effect on the cell cycle mRNA of any of the cell types.Conclusion:  We were able to characterize and compare the differential production of hCG, as well as the differential expression of cell cycle‐associated mRNA of early trophoblasts, term trophoblasts, and choriocarcinoma cells. The production of hCG was altered by TGF‐β, although mRNA levels were not markedly altered by TGF‐β.
Safety and usefulness of emergency maternal transport using helicopter
Authors: Ohara Mamiko , Shimizu Yukiko , Satoh Hiroyuki , Kasai Takeshi , Takano Shinobu , Fujiwara Rei , Furusawa Yoshiaki , Kameda Shogo , Matsumura Tomoko , Narimatsu Hiroto , Kusumi Eiji , Kodama Yuko , Kami Masahiro , Murashige Naoko , Suzuki Makoto 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim:  Japan has a shortage of tertiary medical care facilities for maternal and fetal medicine. Establishment of efficient medical transport systems is needed for pregnant women and fetuses with severe complications. Maternal transport by helicopters is expected to shorten transportation time to advanced facilities, although its feasibility has not yet been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the status of maternal helicopter transport, and conditions of the pregnant patients and children transferred by helicopter to Kameda Medical Center (KMC).Methods:  Between August 2005 and July 2006, 26 pregnant women were transported by helicopters to KMC.Results:  The median net flight time was 24 min (range 15–29 min), and the median of estimation of ground transportation time was 125 min (range 90–180 min). The causes for transfers were preterm labor in eight, preterm premature rupture of the membrane in five, cervical incompetence in five, pre‐eclampsia in three and other medical reasons in five. Five of the 26 patients were discharged with restored stability of pregnancy. The remaining 21 patients underwent delivery at KMC. The median gestational age was 26 weeks (range 22–33 weeks) at the time of transfer and 31 weeks (range 22–37 weeks) at delivery. Four of 26 neonates who were born at KMC died after birth due to severe premature or congenital anomaly. Seventeen of the remaining 22 neonates, including 10 twins, received treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit. All of the 22 neonates and all the mothers were discharged in good condition. No patients developed any complications requiring treatment during flights.Conclusion:  Helicopter transfer is feasible for pregnant patients with severe complications.
Role of human papillomavirus in the development of epithelial ovarian neoplasms in Italian women
Authors: Giordano Giovanna , D'Adda Tiziana , Gnetti Letizia , Froio Elisabetta , Merisio Carla. , Melpignano Mauro 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim:  In this article, for the first time, we investigate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in ovarian epithelial neoplasms from a group of 71 Italian women. The follow ups of the patients with or without HPV DNA were also considered to evaluate whether HPV DNA in these tumors could be an indicator of prognosis.Methods:  HPV DNA was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally P16 immunoractivity was evaluated in all positive cases to demonstrate the presence of HPV.Results:  Only three cases out of 71 epithelial ovarian neoplasms (4.22%) in this series were weakly HPV positive. The presence of HPV DNA in these cases did not seem to be related with the type of neoplasm, their grade of differentiation, staging of development, patient's age or survival.Conclusion:  The presence of HPV could be an expression of a latent infection. In both positive and negative HPV ovarian neoplasms, cervix showed only chronic cervicitis and no signal for HPV DNA on PCR analysis.
Surviving 27 weeks fetus expelled out of the ruptured rudimentary horn and detected a month later as a secondary abdominal pregnancy
Authors: Rana Ashma , Gurung Geeta , Rawal Suniti , Bista Kesang D. , Adhukari Shilu , Ghimire Ram K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractsA pregnant woman, gravida 3 with two living children, who frequently experienced syncope from 23+5 weeks of pregnancy onwards and recurring every week for a period of 3 weeks, was repeatedly treated in line for a case of acid peptic disease/appendicitis in various peripheral hospitals of Nepal, until ultrasonogram/magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of an (undisturbed) live 27+5 weeks abdominal pregnancy was made at our hospital. On laparotomy, this materialized to be secondary to the rupture of a left rudimentary horn pregnancy (evidenced from its sealed margin) which still retained a complete placenta, from where an umbilical cord was seen, traversing across towards the right side of the abdominal cavity just below the liver, securing its attachment to the surviving fetus and enclosed in an intact amniotic sac. Excision of the rudimentary horn containing the placenta was accomplished, after the delivery of a live baby weighing 650 g who unfortunately died on the third day of life.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland with ovarian and peritoneal metastasis
Authors: Buyukkurt Selim , Altintas Aytekin , Gumurdulu Derya , Zeren Handan , Guzel Baris 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMetastatic ovarian carcinoma generally arises from the gastrointestinal tract. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary gland. It typically disseminates to the regional lymph nodes and surrounding soft tissues. Distant metastasis of the parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma is very rare, and it usually occurs to the lungs, bones and liver. A 28‐year‐old woman with a history of high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland was admitted with ascites and bilateral ovarian masses. Breast examination, endoscopic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract, total bone scintigraphy, abdominopelvic and chest tomography and cytological analysis of the ascites did not detect a primary malignancy. Nevertheless, pathological examination of the ovaries revealed a metastasis from the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Metastatic ovarian tumors usually originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Other sources of tumor metastasis should also be considered.
Endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma recurring as carcinosarcoma
Authors: Shaco‐Levy Ruthy , Piura Benjamin 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMüllerian carcinosarcoma is currently regarded as a metaplastic (sarcomatous) carcinoma. Only five cases of pure ovarian adenocarcinoma recurring as carcinosarcoma have been documented in the literature. There are no documented cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma recurring as metaplastic carcinoma. We report of a case of endometrial adenocarcinoma, endometrioid type, recurring as metaplastic carcinoma showing sarcomatous differentiation. The tumor evolution in this case supports the prevailing opinion that Müllerian carcinosarcomas are derived from carcinomas and represent tumor progression.
Ovarian stromal luteoma in a patient with endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Dhingra Kajal K. , Sharma Prashant , Khurana Nita , Chaturvedi K. Uma 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA 65‐year‐old patient with endometrial adenocarcinoma underwent hysterectomy. Pathological examination of the right ovary revealed a coexisting stromal luteoma. The possible relationship between the two neoplasms as well as the intriguing pathogenesis and controversial nomenclature of ovarian steroid cell tumors are discussed. The incidental discovery of a stromal luteoma in a total hysterectomy specimen removed for endometrial carcinoma raises interesting questions about the perceived innocuous nature of these rare lipid cell tumors.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section causing anaphylaxis and intrauterine fetal death
Authors: Sengupta Amit , Kohli Jasvinder K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIntrauterine fetal death and maternal shock occurred as a result of a type‐1 hypersensitivity reaction following antibiotic prophylaxis in a cesarean section. Amniotic fluid embolism may mimic the condition. The ability to diagnose and treat such an event as early as possible is necessary in all maternity centers. The selection of antibiotic regimen and the type of anesthesia should be individualized depending upon the existing facilities and the patient's profile, especially in a resource‐scarce developing country.
Abundance and activity of Chloroflexi‐type SAR202 bacterioplankton in the meso‐ and bathypelagic waters of the (sub)tropical Atlantic
Authors: Varela Marta M. , Van Aken Hendrik M. , Herndl Gerhard J. 
Published: April 2008

SummaryThe contribution of Chloroflexi‐type SAR202 cells to total picoplankton and bacterial abundance and uptake of d‐ and l‐aspartic acids (Asp) was determined in the different meso‐ and bathypelagic water masses of the (sub)tropical Atlantic (from 35°N to 5°S). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed that the overall abundance of SAR202 was ≤ 1 × 103 cells ml−1 in subsurface waters (100 m layer), increasing in the mesopelagic zone to 3 × 103 cells ml−1 and remaining fairly constant down to 4000 m depth. Overall, the percentage of total picoplankton identified as SAR202 increased from < 1% in subsurface waters to 10–20% in the bathypelagic waters. On average, members of the SAR202 cluster accounted for about 30% of the Bacteria in the bathypelagic waters, whereas in the mesopelagic and subsurface waters, SAR202 cells contributed < 5% to total bacterial abundance. The ratio of d‐Asp : l‐Asp uptake by the bulk picoplankton community increased from the subsurface layer (d‐Asp : l‐Asp uptake ratio ≈ 0.03) to the deeper layers reaching a ratio of ∼1 at 4000 m depth. Combining FISH with microautoradiography to determine the proportion of SAR202 cells taking up d‐Asp versus l‐Asp, we found that ≈ 30% of the SAR202 cells were taking up l‐Asp throughout the water column while d‐Asp was essentially not taken up by SAR202. This d‐Asp : l‐Asp uptake pattern of SAR202 cells is in contrast to that of the bulk bacterial and crenarchaeal community in the bathypelagic ocean, both sustaining a higher fraction of d‐Asp‐positive cells than l‐Asp‐positive cells. Thus, although the Chloroflexi‐type SAR202 constitutes a major bathypelagic bacterial cluster, it does not contribute to the large fraction of d‐Asp utilizing prokaryotic community in the meso‐ and bathypelagic waters of the North Atlantic, but rather utilizes preferentially l‐amino acids.
Long‐term outcome of forearm flee‐flap phalloplasty in the treatment of transsexualism
Authors: Leriche Albert , Timsit Marc‐Olivier , Morel‐Journel Nicolas , Bouillot André , Dembele Diala , Ruffion Alain 
Published: April 2008

OBJECTIVETo assess the long‐term outcome of forearm free‐flap phalloplasty in transsexuals, as obtaining a satisfying neophallus in female‐to‐male transsexuals is a surgical challenge.PATIENTS AND METHODSWe analysed retrospectively 56 transsexuals who had a phalloplasty using a radial forearm free‐flap in our department from 1986 to 2002. The complication rate was assessed by regular examination. Patient satisfaction was evaluated by a questionnaire about cosmetic aspects, sexual life and overall satisfaction.RESULTSThe mean follow up was 110 months; 53 of the 56 patients (95%) currently have a neophallus, after a mean of six surgical procedures. Satisfaction was assessed in 53 patients using a specific questionnaire: 51 (93%) of the patients reported that the phalloplasty allowed them to accord their physical appearance with their feeling of masculinity. There were flap complications in 14 patients (25%); three (5%) flaps were lost, with one each due to early haematoma, cellulitis and late arterial thrombosis. The other 11 flap complications were all transitory, e.g. infection, haematomas and vascular thrombosis. There were prosthesis complications in 11 of 38 patients (29%). Moreover, seven of 19 patients (37%) who had a urethroplasty presented with complex strictures and fistulae that led to perineal urethrostomy.CONCLUSIONOur study shows that phalloplasty with a forearm free‐flap leads to good results in term of flap survival and patient satisfaction. However, there was a high rate of complications. Patients must be clearly informed that the procedure can seldom be achieved in one stage.
Dietary modification in patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance: a randomized, multicentre feasibility study
Authors: Parsons J. Kellogg , Newman Vicky A. , Mohler James L. , Pierce John P. , Flatt Shirley , Marshall James 
Published: April 2008

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the feasibility of implementing a diet‐based intervention in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance, as changes in diet might potentially inhibit the progression of prostate cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODSAs part of the Men’s Eating and Living (MEAL) Study (a multicentre pilot trial of a diet‐based intervention for prostate cancer) 43 men aged 50–80 years with prostate cancer and on active surveillance were randomized to receive either telephone‐based dietary counselling or standardized, written nutritional information. Telephone counselling targets included increased intakes of vegetables (particularly cruciferous vegetables and tomato products), whole grains, and beans/legumes. Dietary intakes and plasma carotenoid levels were assessed at baseline and at after 6 months.RESULTSIn the intervention arm the mean daily intakes of total vegetables, crucifers and tomato products increased by 71%, 180% and 265%, respectively (P < 0.05); in the control arm there were no significant changes in mean intakes of these components. Similarly, in the intervention arm, mean plasma levels of α‐carotene, β‐carotene, lutein, lycopene and total carotenoids increased by 37%, 32%, 23%, 30% and 25%, respectively (P < 0.05); in the control arm there were no significant changes in plasma levels of these components. There were no significant changes in either group in whole grain, beans/legumes, or fat intake.CONCLUSIONSTelephone‐based dietary counselling increases vegetable intake and plasma concentrations of potentially anticarcinogenic carotenoids in men with prostate cancer on active surveillance. These data support the feasibility of implementing clinical trials of diet‐based interventions in this population.
Cluster analysis and lower urinary tract symptoms in men: findings from the Boston Area Community Health Survey
Authors: Çinar Amy , Hall Susan A. , Link Carol L. , Kaplan Steven A. , Kopp Zoe S. , Roehrborn Claus G. , Rosen Raymond C. 
Published: April 2008

OBJECTIVESTo classify lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a large, representative sample of men in the USA by means of cluster analysis and to investigate risk factors and comorbidities associated with the resulting cluster patterns.SUBJECTS AND METHODSA combination of hierarchical and non‐hierarchical cluster methods was used to assign men with LUTS in the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) study to symptom‐based categories or clusters. Of the 2301 men in the BACH study, those reporting one or more of 14 common LUTS (1592 men) were included in the analysis. The prevalence and frequency of symptoms in each cluster was assessed, in addition to the demographic, lifestyle risk factors, comorbidities, quality of life, and interference with activities of daily living associated with each cluster. We used anova methods for assessing cluster effects on continuous variables, and cross‐classification and chi‐square tests for categorical measures. Internal validity of the cluster solution was tested by means of a split‐half replication, and external validity by comparison with previously published data.RESULTSFive clusters were identified among symptomatic men. About half of the symptomatic men were assigned to Cluster 1, which included individuals with a low prevalence and frequency of urological symptoms and a correspondingly low level of interference with activities of daily living. There were intermediate levels of symptom frequency and prevalence in Clusters 2–4, which were characterized by mixed patterns of voiding, storage and postvoiding symptoms. Cluster 5 consisted of predominantly older men (mean age 58.9 years), with a high prevalence and frequency of urological symptoms with a mean (sd) number of symptoms of 9.9 (2.1), and with elevated levels of comorbid cardiovascular disease (P < 0.001). These men also had higher rates of kidney and bladder infections and previous urological surgery. Men with increased waist circumference and more sedentary lifestyles were over‐represented in the more symptomatic clusters.CONCLUSIONCluster analysis provides an empirically based method for categorizing men with LUTS. These findings provide a new framework for examining aetiological pathways and mechanisms, the potential impact of and consequences for comorbid conditions, and for assessing prognosis and outcomes associated with common urological disorders.
Vaporization of prostates of ≥80 mL using a potassium‐titanyl‐phosphate laser: midterm‐results and comparison with prostates of <80 mL
Authors: Pfitzenmaier Jesco , Gilfrich Christian , Pritsch Maria , Herrmann Daniela , Buse Stephan , Haferkamp Axel , Djakovic Nenad , Pahernik Sascha , Hohenfellner Markus 
Published: April 2008

OBJECTIVETo compare the safety and outcome of potassium‐titanyl‐phosphate (KTP) GreenlightTM (Laserscope, AMS, Minnetonka, MN, USA) vaporization for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in prostates of ≥80 vs <80 mL.PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 204 consecutive patients were enrolled into this prospective study; 31 were excluded from analysis for various reasons, thus 173 (median age 66.8 years; 39 with prostates of ≥80 mL) were evaluated for maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine (PVR), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality‐of‐life (QoL) score. The median follow‐up was 11.7 months. Of the 173 men, 26.6% were anaesthesiological high‐risk patients and 32.4% took anticoagulants.RESULTSThe Qmax improved in prostates of ≥80 mL from 6.9 mL/s before to 15.3 mL/s immediately after catheter removal, and 23.4 mL/s after 3 months (P < 0.001). The improvement was similar to that in smaller prostates. There were equally effective changes in PVR (P < 0.001). The IPSS decreased from 19.0 before to 7.0, 4.0 and 5.5 at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery (P < 0.001). Changes did not differ from those in smaller glands. The results were similar for QoL (P < 0.001). During surgery there was no major bleeding and no transurethral resection syndrome. There was acute urinary retention after catheter removal in 10.4% of men; 4.6% developed urinary tract infections, whereas the rate was higher in men with larger prostates (10.3%). The re‐operation rate was higher in men with larger prostates, at 23.1% vs 10.4% (P = 0.09).CONCLUSIONKTP laser vaporization is a safe and effective procedure for surgically treating BPH. The functional outcome in larger prostates is similar to that in smaller glands, but there was a serious trend to a higher re‐operation rate in men with larger prostates.