bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic findings in progressive necrotizing “malignant” external otitis
Authors: Gold Scott , Som Peter M. , Lucente Frank E. , Lawson William , Mendelson Meryl , Parisier Simon C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwenty‐three cases of progressive necrotizing (malignant) external otitis were reviewed. Radiographic evaluation was correlated with clinical disease. CT scanning accurately demonstrated subtle foci of involvement in the skull base which may be clinically unsuspected or go undetected with other studies. Central skull base erosion indicates advanced disease and selects those patients requiring extended antibiotic therapy. Soft tissue thickening of the parapharyngeal space and roof of the nasopharynx also implies advanced disease requiring prolonged therapy. Soft tissue improvement can be visualized on CT. While CT scanning demonstrates the progression of bony disease, it cannot be used to follow resolution of central skull base osteomyelitis. Radionuclide scans provide information regarding the overall extent of the inflammatory process.
Interaction of fibrinolytic activity between the tracheobronchial secretion and circulating blood of rats
Authors: Kosugi T. , Takagi I. , Sueno K. , Sumi H. , Kinjo K. , Noda K. , Mihara H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn order to clarify the origin and release mechanism of Plasminogen activator in the tracheobronchial secretion of rats, electrophoretic analysis of the secretion and studies on the effects of certain vosoactive drugs on the activator activity in the secretion were carried out.Front the results of electrophoretic analysis of the tracheobronchial secretion in non‐treated rats, protease Inhibitor composed of glycoprotein was not contained in the secretion in contrast to the circulating blood, but a protein of low molecular weight like albumin in the circulating blood was contained in the secretion. Furthermore, after injection of noradrenalin, the blood pressure was temporarily elevated and the fibrinolytic activity of the euglobulin fraction in the circulatory blood was also increased. Subsequent to this elevation of fibrinolytic activity in the circulating blood, the fibrinolytic activity in the tracheobronchial secretion increased.Based on these results, it is suggested that the increase of fibrinolytic activity in the circulating blood was due to increased release of Plasminogen activator from the vascular wall, and the increased fibrinolytic activity of the tracheobronchial secretion was caused by a consequent increased tronsudation of Plasminogen activator from the circulating blood into the tracheobronchial lumen.
Schwannomas of the jugular foramen
Authors: Crumley Roger L. , Wilson Charles 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSchwannoma is an important entity in the differential diagnosis of the enlarged jugular foramen. Our recent experience with 4 consecutive large schwannomas over a 12‐month period is presented.As these tumors are usually less vascular than glomus jugulare tumors, they are frequently more amenable to surgical extirpation. Radiologic clues to their identity include discrete borders and less angiographic vascularity when compared with glomus jugulare tumors.Our operative treatment of these cases has evolved to include preoperative embolization with Ivalonr̀ sponge particles, followed by a lateral temporal bone resection in exposing the jugular foramen. A posterior fossa craniotomy is done as a second stage when necessary. This staging allows for less morbidity and greater chance for total tumor removal. The surgical technique and relevant anatomy are reviewed and illustrated.
Dermoid of the petrous apex
Authors: Behnke Ernest E. , Schindler Robert A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRadioluccnt lesions of the petrous apex of the temporal bone are unusual, with an incidence of less than 1%. The differential diagnosis includes giant apical air cells, acquired cholesteatomas, congenital cholesteatomas or epidermoids, true dermoids and teratomas, and benign and malignant neoplasms. The authors present an extremely rare case of a true dermoid of the petrous apex which eroded into the clivus of the occipital bone, and discuss the differential diagnosis, symptomatology, and diagnostic work‐up.Complete resection is the preferred management if it can be done easily and safely; however, since the lesions are usually unresectable and manifest few symptoms, a conservative surgical approach for diagnosis and decompression is urged. The authors discuss in detail a surgical approach which allows for preservation of function and hearing, as well as diagnosis and immediate decompression. Further surgical decompressions, when needed, can be easily, quickly, and safely achieved through the same surgical approach. A review of the medical literature has revealed no previously reported case of a true dermoid involving the petrous apex.
Tympanostomy tubes in children with hemophilia a
Authors: Liston Stephen L. , Berlinger Norman , Roger Edson J. , Hasegawa Duane K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWith proper teamwork between the hemotologist and otolaryngologist, children with hemophilia A and otitis media can obtain the benefits of tympanostomy tubes; 90% phenol applied topically to the tympanic membrane is a useful hemostatic agent. The technique may allow the hemophiliac child to undergo myringotomy and insertion of tympanostomy tubes without the use of blood products. There is evidence that the use of such blood products derived from pooled human plasma may be associated with the development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Transtympanic iontophoresis: Personal experience
Authors: Passali Desiderio , Bellussi Luisa , Masieri Simonetta 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAfter having described the method of application used for iontophoresis and the results of previous studies carried out by other authors in the hope of finding a definite use for its clinical application, the authors present their personal experience carried out with the use of various chemical substances applied to both the guinea pig and to man. The chemicals taken into consideration were those used in the treatment of otitis media: anti‐inflammatory, antibiotic, and mucolytic products. Iontophoresis proved to be a simple and effective method for the treatment of certain middle ear diseases, and offered a more rapid recovery in comparison with subjects treated uniquely by traditional methods.
Treatment of the clinically negative neck in floor of the mouth carcinoma
Authors: Clifton Patterson H. , Dobie Robert A. , Cummings Charles W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA retrospective study of 61 consecutive patients with floor of mouth carcinoma and a clinically negative neck was done to determine the value of elective treatment to the neck. Subsequent histologically proven nodal disease was analyzed according to initial treatment modality (23 surgical, 38 irradiation), stage (29 ‐ T1, 27 – T2, 5 – T3), hemi‐neck at risk (midline lesions placed both hemi‐necks at risk), and primary control for a minimum of 2 years (50 patients, 78 hemi‐necks at risk). Neck failures were classified by T stage, extent of neck treatment (upper neck or complete) and by primary control at the time of manifest neck metastasis. Of the hemi‐necks at risk with the primary controlled, 10% (17% of patients) developed nodal disease without complete neck treatment; 86% (6/7) of these patients were salvaged. The occult positive node incidence, conservatively calculated by elimination of all patients treated with elective partial or total neck irradiation, was 10% for patients with T1 and T2 lesins (7% for hemi‐necks at risk). Based on the clinical course of patients with primary control, only 1 patient (2%) might have benefited from initial complete elective neck treatment. These results suggest that elective neck treatment in early (T1 and T2, N0) floor of mouth carcinoma is of doubtful value. Supraomohyoid, rather than suprahyoid dissection, is recommended if surgical treatment of the neck is undertaken.
Evaluation of blocking mechanisms against immunological responses in patients with laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Morra B. , Beatrice F. , Cavallo G. P. , Bussi M. , Di Fortunato V. , Poggio E. , Vercillino M. , Sartoris A. , Cortesina G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe specific tumor‐induced leukocyte inhibition factor (LIF) production in laryngeal cancer patients has been investigated before and after the removal of adherent cells in order to evaluate the existence of a suppressor activity; 20 patients served as subject. The LIF production, after challenging the lymphocytes with 3MKC1 autologous tumor extracts, was significant in 12 patients and showed a further significant increase after the removal of adherent cells. In 3 patients with no previous significant LIF production, there was a conversion to significance when the adherent cells were removed. The other patients did not show any significant variation. These data seem to suggest the existence of a suppressor activity exerted by adherent cells in laryngeal cancer patients on LIF production.
Tumor‐forming acute myeloid leukemia with facial paralysis
Authors: Nishioka Keiko , Masuda Yu , Misaki Keizo , Tomotsu Takao , Kitajima Koichi , Tanaka Toshio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA 55‐year‐old male with acute myeloid leukemia, which had been well controlled for 2 years, developed a sudden onset of facial palsy. Otologic examinations proved the right mastoid bone to be infiltrated by leukemic cells, which formed a nonchloroma to occlude the right external auditory canal. The precise site for the right facial paralysis by tumor formation was found in the intrastapedial region of peripheral portion of the right facial nerve. Regarding the tumor formation in myeloid leukemia, its frequency (particularly among Japanese subjects), complications (particularly in otologic field), possible pathogeneses, and treatments were discussed.
Co2 laser in malignant lesions of the larynx
Authors: Annyas Albert A. , Van Overbeek Jos J. M. , Ramón Escajadillo J. , Hoeksema Paul E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe CO2 laser is being used in several otolaryngology departments around the world. Clinical experience has shown that it is a unique surgical tool in the management of benign and in some malignant lesions of the larynx. Until now, little has been written about its indications in patients with carcinomas of the larynx.The purpose of this paper is to present our experience with 58 patients with various premalignant and malignant lesions of the larynx in which the CO2 laser was employed as a curative or palliative debulking procedure.
Otosclerosis and endolymphatic hydrops.
Authors: Liston Stephen L. , Paparella Michael M. , Mancini Fernando , Anderson John H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIt has been postulated that otosclerosis may produce vertigo by several mechanisms. One mechanism is by causing endolymphatic hydrops. We present six temporal bones in which otosclerosis and endolymphatic hydrops coexist. We consider that there is a spectrumlike interrelationship between these two entities. At one end of the spectrum the relationship is coincidental, while at the other end of the spectrum we consider the massive amount of active otosclerosis to be a causative factor in the development of the endolymphatic hydrops.
Diagnosis and management of catecholamine secreting glomus tumors.
Authors: Schwaber Mitchell K. , Glasscock Michael E. , Jackson C. Gary , Nissen Alan J. , Smith Peter G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe clinical and diagnostic features of catecholamine secreting glomus tumors are reviewed. Three cases are reported, including the first documented case of a dopamine secreting glomus jugulare tumor. Based on this experience, the authors have outlined the indications for selective venous catherization studies and for pharmocologic blockage in the management of these patients. In addition to routine urinary screening, a high index of clinical suspicion is needed to avoid the complications associated with catecholamine secreting tumors.
Facial paralysis in longitudinal temporal bone fractures: A review of 26 cases.
Authors: Lambert Paul R. , Brackmann Derald E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe management of facial nerve injury resulting from temporal bone fracture continues to be a topic of discussion. The indications for surgery as well as the proper timing and extent of surgical exploration are the principal questions debated. This study reviews a large scries of patients (26), treated for facial paralysis following a longitudinal temporal bone fracture.The most frequent site of injury was the area of the geniculate ganglion. The injury to the facial nerve was often severe. We recommend early exploration in these cases when electrical studies indicate a severe injury. In most cases a combined mastoid and middle fossa approach is required.
Histiocytosis X of the head and neck.
Authors: Jones Raleigh O. , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHistiocytosis X is a general disease class for three less distinctive and overlapping states; namely, eosinophilic granuloma, Hand‐Schuller‐Christian disease, and Letterer‐Siwe disease. These conditions span a continuum from an isolated bony or soft tissue lesion to a fulminant, disseminated process. The head and neck are frequent sites of initial presentation for the more serious varieties. We present four cases of histiocytosis X with lesions in the temporal bone, skull, and mandible. Some patients had accompanying scalp lesions as well as other distal bony and soft tissue lesions. Treatment included radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. A rational discussion of new treatment modalities based on stage of the disease is presented. Utilization of CT scanning in the initial diagnosis and follow‐up is demonstrated. Management of troublesome otologic complications is also discussed.
The occlusal wafer: Simple technique for construction and its use in maxillofacial surgery.
Authors: Irving Steven P. , Costa Louis E. , Salisbury Paul Lee 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe acrylic occlusal wafer is a thin piece of plastic which fits between and indexes the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. This appliance has three functions: it positions the jaws relative to one another; it prevents sliding movement during intermaxillary fixation; and it prevents unwanted orthodontic movement during intermaxillary fixation from the pressure of intermaxillary wires or rubber bands on unsupported teeth. The role of the occlusal wafer is well established in orthognathic surgery where it is used as a key for setting the jaws when osteotomies are performed. It has been underutilized in trauma due to the time and technical expertise required for fabrication.This paper describes a technique which can result in occlusal wafers of surgical quality in about 20 minutes, requires minimal laboratory equipment, and can be mastered by clincial personnel. Four cases are presented which illustrate the use of occlusal wafers and the indications for the device are discussed.
Surgical approaches to malignant tumors of the nasal septum.
Authors: McGuirt W. Frederick , Thompson James N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMalignant tumors of the nasal septum arc rare, probably not more than 300 having been reported. Most of these tumors are epidermoid carcinomas; the second most common histologic type is melanoma. Unless diagnosed and treated early, these tumors are lethal. We report five cases, four carcinomas and one melanoma. We recommend a combined approach with early, wide surgical excision and postoperative irradiation therapy. Surgical considerations must include functional and cosmetic restoration as well as adequate excision of the tumor. Prosthetic appliances can be quite helpful in patients with large resections.
Laryngeal tuberculosis: Review of twenty cases.
Authors: Levenson Mark J. , Ingerman Milton , Grimes Cecil , Robbett William F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDespite a dramatic reduction in incidence of laryngeal tuberculosis over the last three decades, tuberculous involvement still has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. The majority of the 20 cases in our series consists of patients in whom the working diagnosis of carcinoma of the larynx was initially made. These patients presented with the chief complaint of hoarseness of several months duration, frequently associated with dysphagia, but in most cases with chest symptoms that were not prominent despite the fact that most of these patients had far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis.This presentation consists of a detailed analysis of 20 cases, and a discussion of the incidence, pathogenesis, clinical presentation and management of laryngeal tuberculosis.
Synovial sarcoma of the larynx treated by partial laryngectomy
Authors: Quinn Harold J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSynovial sarcomas of the head and neck are rare, fewer than 50 having been reported. Synovial sarcoma of the endolarynx is extremely rare, only one previously reported case appearing in English literature.Contrary to earlier beliefs, this tumor does not arise from the synovial lining of joints and bursa but develops from pleuripotential mesenchymal cells through abnormal differentiation into synovial neoplasms. Microscopically the tumor is characterized by a biphasic pattern of pseudoepithelial cells and a spindle cell element with fibrosarcomatous appearance.One additional case of synovial sarcoma of the endolarynx is reported. The tumor arose from the right subglottic area and presented submucosally. It was treated by extended frontolateral partial vertical (hemi) laryngectomy. The patient is alive and well 3 years after surgery. This case is the first reported to be successfully treated by partial laryngeal surgery alone. The histopathology of synovial sarcoma is reviewed and details of the biopsy and surgical technique are presented. This single case might suggest that early synovial sarcoma of the larynx is locally nonaggressive.
Hypopharyngeal stenosis
Authors: Mcconnel Fred M. S. , Duck Sigsbee W. , Hester T. Roderick 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHypopharyngenl stenosis after total laryngectomy is a relatively frequent complication. In our series we found that approximately 20% of total laryngectomies require treatment for hypopharyngeal stenosis. This presentation analyzed the factors that contribute to hypopharyngeal stenosis in a large series of patients treated at Emory University and affiliated hospitals. Analysis is presented on the effects of location of the cancer, extent of resection, radiation therapy, and methods of reconstruction. The highest incidence of hypopharyngeal stenosis was found in hypopharyngeal vs. endolaryngeal lesions. The surgical decision examined in this paper is whether a primary “tight closure” of the hypopharynx or a flap or graft reconstruction gives the best results with the lowest complication rate. The best treatment of hypopharyngeal stenosis is its prevention. This paper deals with the methods of identifying the surgical situation when one is most apt to have stenosis and suggest appropriate measures to prevent these complications.
Severe hospitalized croup: Treatment trends and prognosis
Authors: Postma Duncan S. , Jones Raleigh O. , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe have reviewed 43 cases of severe croup admitted from 1977 to 1981 at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. All patients were treated with mist, 23 (54%) of 43 were treated with racemic epinephrine, but only 7 (16%) of 43 were treated with steroids. None of the 5 patients who required intubation received steroids. Nine (36%) of 25 patients available for at least 6 months of follow‐up had subsequent clinical diagnoses of asthma.We have concluded that: 1. males with subglottic narrowing on x‐ray, high leukocyte counts, and no steroid treatment appear to have increased need for airway support; 2. while humidification and racemic epinephrine are accepted forms of treatment, steroids are still rarely used even in severe croup; 3. severe croup may be a signal for the later development of asthma. Because it is difficult to predict which patients with severe croup will need later airway management, we strongly recommend that all patients with croup requiring racemic epinephrine be treated with at least a single dose of 1.0 to 1.5 mg/kg of dexamethasone.
Actinomycosis: Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations and a review of 32 cases
Authors: Bennhoff David F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractActinomycosis was at one time a common diagnosis in this country. It still is fairly common in some parts of the world. As the numbers of antibiotics and indications for their use have increased, the disease has almost become a medical rarity in the United States. This fact might be thought a paradox in view of the universal presence of the actinomyces organisms in every human mouth. However, it is perhaps not well recognized that the actinomyces are true bacteria, and that they are particularly sensitive to most of the common antibacterials in current usage. These facts have combined to decrease the clinical frequency of the disease as well as effectively reduce the opportunity for securing a satisfactory specimen for laboratory culture in suspected cases. Actinomycosis can present in a variety of forms and may mimic other infections or even neoplasms. The clinical pattern of remission and exacerbation of symptoms occurring in parallel sequence with initiation and cessation of antibiotic administration is a phenomenon which should increase suspicion for actinomycosis in any of its manifestations.
Nonspecific necrotizing petrositis: An unusual complication of otitis in children
Authors: Stamm Aldo Cassol , Pinto José Antonio , Cóser Pedro Luiz , Marigo Carlos 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThree cases of an unusual form of suppurative chronic otitis media in children 2 and 3 years old are presented.The clinical feature common to all cases was otorrhea, beginning at the first months of life, with a silent evolution to a complete peripheral facial paralysis. In one case the facial paralysis was bilateral.The treatment applied was surgical: subtotal petrosectomy. The surgical findings were bloody granulation tissue, sequestering completely the otic capsule. The facial nerve was destroyed almost the total length of the Fallopian canal in all cases.The histopathologic examination revealed a destructive and nonspecific chronic inflammatory process. The culture showed Gramnegative organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosas and Proteus mirabilis.Etiologic aspects involved in the process are discussed and the name non‐specific necrolizing petrosilis is suggested to individualize this rare form of otitis which, with morbidity, leads to severe complications such as facial paralysis and deafness.
Radiotherapy in sarcoidosis of the larynx: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Fogel Thomas D. , Weissberg Joseph B. , Dobular Kenneth , Kirchner John A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSarcoidosis infrequently involves the larynx, but resultant airway obstruction will often prompt the need for therapeutic intervention. Systemic and intralesional corticosteroids as well as various surgical approaches have been advocated. We report a case of a 36‐year‐old man with biopsy proven laryngeal sarcoidosis. The patient became refractory to corticosteroids and was treated with megavoltage radiotherapy as an alternative to tracheostomy. A gradual and complete clinical recovery was observed. The radiation techniques are presented, and the literature regarding laryngeal sarcoidosis is reviewed. Megavoltnge radiotherapy is a viable treatment option in this disorder.