bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SEVOFLURANE AND ISOFLURANE IN FAST TRACK ANAESTHESIA FOR VALVULAR CARDIAC SURGERY: A RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: MEENA DEEPAK KUMAR , CHARAN PRADEEP , SHARMA ASHA 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Contemporary valvular cardiac surgery has evolved with the adoption of expedited postoperative recovery, known as fast-tracking. This paradigm shift results from advancements in anaesthetic agents, surgical techniques, and myocardial protection strategies. Fast-track anaesthesia aims to reduce intensive care unit (ICU) stays and overall hospital length of stay (LOS), optimizing resource utilization. Cardioprotective properties of volatile anaesthetic agents, especially in mitigating ischemic myocardial damage, have garnered attention.
Methods: A hospital-based, randomized, comparative study was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, S. M. S Medical College, Jaipur. 70 undergoing valvular heart surgery under general anaesthesia, were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Sevoflurane) and Group B (Isoflurane). Inclusion criteria encompassed ASA grade II to IV patients aged 20 to 50 y, with a body weight of 30-65 kg, and willingness to provide written consent. Anaesthesia induction and maintenance involved the administration of Sevoflurane or Isoflurane based on group allocation. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at various surgical stages.
Results: Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and cardiac output were statistically insignificant between groups at different surgical stages (p>0.05). Intraoperative variables demonstrated no significant differences, except for a transient decrease in systolic blood pressure post-induction in both groups.
Conclusion: The study underscores the comparable efficacy of Sevoflurane and Isoflurane in valvular cardiac surgery, supported by similar hemodynamic profiles. Understanding the nuances of volatile anaesthetic agents is crucial for their optimal clinical application, considering challenges like beta-blocker usage and perioperative hyperglycemia.
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE (KAP) OF NUTRIVIGILANCE AMONG PHASE-2 MBBS AND POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL-A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: ARUN S. , ASHALATHA R. , MALLIKA B. S. B. , SONIA S. SHARON , SAGARIKA M. , PRIYA M. TEJASWI SAI 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Nutrivigilance is a new concept in India. Several adverse drug reactions (ADRs) arising due to the use of Nutraceuticals are undermined and under-reported by prescribers. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs forms the backbone of Nutrivigilance. This paper will examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nutrivigilance among medical students and postgraduate doctors and discuss the need, challenges, and opportunities for improving nutrivigilance in the future.
Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted between Phase-2 MBBS (UGs) and Postgraduates (PGs) of GMC, Ananthapuramu. The study tool was a validated questionnaire having 30 questions to evaluate KAP of Nutrivigilance. Data was collected in Google forms and was analyzed using SPSS 21 and P value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: The results revealed poor knowledge on Nutrivigilance (UGs-16% and PGs-14%). The Attitude towards Nutrivigilance was equally positive (92%, 94%) in the two groups. Practice on Nutrivigilance was 54% and 52%, respectively. There was no significant difference in KAP on Nutrivigilance between the UGs and PGs.
Conclusion: UGs and PGs lack adequate knowledge and skill of reporting ADR, but both have a positive attitude towards Nutrivigilance programme. To increase awareness on the topic, Nutrivigilance and adverse reaction reporting of nutraceuticals must be added to the academic curriculum of undergraduate and postgraduates, thus improving the reporting and monitoring of ADRs by Nutraceuticals thus improving the health of the community.
QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C VIRAL LOAD BY REAL-TIME PCR AND ASSESSMENT OF COINFECTION OF HBV AND HCV AMONG HIV-POSITIVE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: PRASANTHI ANNEPU , BULA ARUNA , KAMALA PUVVULA 
Published: March 2024

bjective: To assess the prevalence of coinfection of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV and to estimate the viral load of HBV and HCV in PLWH.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from November 2021 to October 2022 among patients attending ICTC. 5 ml of blood sample collected aseptically was tested for HIV, HBV and HCV using rapid immunochromatographic tests, ELISA and viral load estimated by Real-time PCR.
Results: Out of 5087 samples tested for HIV, 666 samples (13.09%) were found to be positive. Prevalence of HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfection was 15.6%(104 cases) and 1.5% (10 cases), respectively. Out of which, males were predominant (62.28%). This is clinically significant with a p-value of * 0.05. HIV-HBV and HIV-HCV coinfections were predominant in 41-50 y age group. Among104 HIV-HBV coinfected, viral load at the time of diagnosis is ‘below detection level’ in 25(24.04%), <250 in 15(14.42%), 251-500 in 9(8.65 %), 501-1000 in 13(12.5 %), 1001-10,000 in 23(22 %) and>10, 000 copies/ml in 19(18.26%). In 10 HIV-HCV coinfected cases, the viral load is ‘below detection level’ in 2(20%), <250 in 1(10%), 251-500 in 1(10 %), 501-1000 in 1(10 %), 1001-10,000 in 4(40%) and>10,001-100,000 copies/ml in 1(10%).
Conclusion: Monitoring the viral load in HBV or HCV infected at the time of diagnosis of HIV or testing for protective levels of antibodies post-vaccination in uninfected people will help in limiting the progression of chronic HBV or HCV to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma.
YOLK SAC DIAMETER AND EMBRYONIC HEART RATE AS PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY OUTCOME
Authors: H. R. NAMRATHA , K. SOWMYA 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Yolk sac is the primary source of exchange between the embryo and the mother before placental circulation and during organogenesis. Yolk sac has immunologic, metabolic, nutritive, endocrine, secretory, excretory and hematopoietic functions. Embryonic heart rate is seen after the appearance of foetal node at 7 w by TAS and 6 w by TVS. Studies have been conducted to establish the importance of yolk sac and EHR in pregnancy outcome. The prognostic significance of the yolk sac for the pregnancy outcome has been assessed with TVS. To measure yolk sac diameter and embryonic heart rate in early pregnancy (less than 10 weeks), to correlate yolk sac measurement and embryonic heart rate individually as prognostic factors for first trimester outcome and to evaluate the measurements in combination as a prognostic marker of first trimester pregnancy outcome. In view of this, the present study was undertaken.
Methods: 108 patients attending OPD of Kempe Gowda institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, between 6 to 9 w of gestation, were evaluated with transvaginal sonography and measurements such as CRL, MSD and YSD were taken.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 25 y and 88 % of the study population belonged to 20-30 y. 55.6 % of the study population were primigravida. Incidence of abnormal pregnancy outcome was 18.5%. The probability of abnormal outcome increased with the increase in gravidity of the patient (P= 0.890). There was a significant positive comparison of CRL (P= 0.223), GS (P= 0.251) and YSD (P= 0.016). Yolk sac diameter in the first trimester significantly correlates with the pregnancy outcome. An enlarged yolk sac is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. Our study influences the pregnancy outcome by the Embryonic heart rate. Foetal bradycardia is an impending sign of foetal death due to chromosomal abnormalities (Trisomy 18), foetal tachycardia featuring Trisomy 21.
Conclusion: Yolk sac diameter and embryonic heart rate in the first trimester significantly correlates with the first trimester pregnancy outcome. Thus, the present study indicates that the yolk sac size and the embryonic heart rate is a reliable, beneficial and cost-effective in predicting first-trimester pregnancy outcome. The measurement of the secondary yolk sac diameter between 5th to 9th week of gestation can be used as a valuable tool to predict early pregnancy outcome.
AUDIT REPORT LAG: ANALISIS SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Budisantoso Totok , Nuritomo  , Mellyfica Thirza 
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to empirically research the audit report lag before and during the covid 19 pandemic. Financial audit processes are significantly affected by this pandemic due to the policy of physical distancing. This policy will have an impact on the method of financial audit. In this situation, the accounting profession introduces remote auditing. Even though using the current state of technology, it still raises a question about the capability of auditor and auditee to respond and adjust with this new approach. Finally, this situation has an impact on the audit report lag. This research utilizes secondary data from Bursa Efek Indonesia specifically on manufacturing companies. The result indicates that audit report lag significantly different between before and during the covid 19 pandemic. These findings indicate that remote auditing supported by the current technology will not automatically answer the audit problems especially on data gathering, testing and interpreting. It takes time for both auditor and auditee to adjust with the situation and this significant changes. This research contributes with the fruitful insight for the profession to be more equipped in the future.
Keywords: audit report lag; covid-19 pandemic; financial statement audit; remote audit.
Riset ini bertujuan menguji secara empiris audit report lag sebelum adanya pandemi covid-19 dan di saat pandemi covid-19. Pandemi Covid 19 memberikan dampak signifikan dalam proses pelaksanaan audit laporan keuangan. Pembatasan fisik pergerakan manusia memaksa audit dilaksanakan dengan metode remote auditing. Perubahan yang dilakukan secara cepat dan metode yang berubah signifikan dapat berdampak pada lamanya waktu pelaksanaan audit yang pada akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi aspek relevansi informasi. Riset ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan informasi pendukung lain pada perusahaan manufaktur terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Uji Wilcoxon dioperasikan untuk menunjukkan apakah terdapat perbedaan antara audit report lag sebelum adanya pandemi covid-19 dan audit report lag saat pandemi covid-19. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan audit report lag sebelum pandemi covid-19 dan audit report lag saat pandemi covid-19. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan teknologi informasi sebagai backbone pelaksanaan audit tidak serta merta mampu mengatasi problem di lapangan saat pelaksanaan audit laporan keuangan. Perlu waktu bagi auditor untuk melakukan penyesuaian dengan perubahan besar yang terjadi, mekanisme yang digunakan dan teknologi informasi yang diterapkan saat pelaksanaan audit laporan keuangan. Riset ini memberikan insight penting bagi profesi auditor untuk mempersiapkan secara khusus menghadapi perkembangan teknologi informasi dalam penyajian dan pemeriksaan laporan keuangan.
Kata kunci: audit report lag; pandemi covid-19; audit laporan keuangan; remote.
The Relationship between Learning Needs and Interest of Computer Training Participants in (LKP) Kurnia Pancung Soal, Pesir Selatan
Authors: Ramadani Putra , Setiawati Setiawati 
Published: March 2024

The research was motivated by the low interest of computer training participants at LKP Kurnia Computer, Pancung Soal District, Pesisisir Selatan Regency, this is thought to be related to their learning needs. The objectives of this research are 1) to describe the learning needs of computer training participants at LKP Kurnia, Pesisir Selatan Regency, 2) to describe the learning interests of computer training participants at LKP Kurnia, Pesisir Selatan Regency, and 3) to determine the relationship between learning needs and the interests of computer training participants at LKP Kurnia South Coastal Regency. This research includes quantitative research with a correlational type, the population in this study was 30 people. The sample in this research was 70% of 30 people, namely 20 people. The data collection technique is a questionnaire with a data collection tool using an instrument containing a list of statements or questions. The data analysis technique in the research is percentage using the Spearman Rho correlation formula. The results of the research can be seen: 1) Learning needs at LKP Kurnia Computer are categorized as poor, 2) interest in learning at LKP Kurnia Computer based on all sub-variables is categorized as low, and 3) there is a significant relationship between learning needs and interest in learning at LKP Kurnia Computer.Keywords: Learning needs, learning interests, course institutions
The Relationship Between Parental Support and Learning Outcomes For Social Studies Package B At SPNF SKB Bukittinggi City
Authors: Chania Yolanda , Irmawita Irmawita 
Published: March 2024

The background to this research is the low social studies learning outcomes of residents studying package B. The aim of this research is to see a picture of the family environment of study residents, see a picture of social studies learning outcomes of residents studying package B, and see a picture of social studies learning outcomes of residents studying package B. The relationship between the family environment and Social Sciences learning results package B at SPNF SKB Bukittinggi City. This research uses a correlational quantitative approach. The population of this study was residents studying package b at SPNF SKB Bukittinggi City, totaling 45 people. Meanwhile, samples were taken from 60% of the population, namely 27 people, using a cluster random sampling technique. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data analysis techniques using percentage formulas and Spearman rank formulas. The research results show (1) the family environment is still not good, (2) student learning outcomes are still relatively low, (3) there is a relationship between the family environment and social studies learning outcomes package b, this relationship is declared significant because it is categorized as very strong. It is recommended that parents provide support in education in the family environment in order to optimize student learning outcomes. The SPNF SKB Institute is able to provide motivational support to learning residents and be creative in using learning media so that learning enthusiasm can increase among learning residents. Future researchers can identify characteristics or other variables that have not been examined in this research for further follow-up. Keywords: Family Environment, Learning Outcomes
ANALYSIS OF SCHOOL CURRICULA IN TERMS OF REFLECTION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-CARE SKILLS TO MENTALLY RETARDED SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Sargsyan Hasmik 
Published: March 2024

A focus on self-care skills fosters an environment where all children, regardless of ability, can participate and contribute to the classroom community. The formation and development of self-care skills for children with mental retardation during school years is an important and integral part of the overall system of preparing them for study in inclusive settings, independent life and work to the possible extent.
At the same time, literature data, work experience of teachers and special educators working in inclusive schools, as well as our observations show that for children with mental retardation, especially in the lower grades, the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical skills and self-care skills in various types of daily activities (game, educational, work, etc.) presents significant difficulties. The possession of these skills is important for these children not only during school but also after graduation.
The significance of the problem under study also increases because today in Armenia the shift to inclusive education is a reality and children with various needs study together. This requires children's independence, sufficient social behavior skills, spatial orientation skills, high-quality performance and many other self-care skills in a wide variety of areas of activity. The level of development of these skills largely determines the success of inclusion and adaptation of these children among their classmates.
Considering the above mentioned, it becomes important to study and analyze school curricula for various disciplines in grades I-IV in terms of how they reflect issues of education and the development of self-care skills for children with mild and moderate mental retardation. This will help to clarify the positive and negative aspects of these programs, the degree of their direct or indirect connection with the issues of developing self-service skills in these children, and to develop appropriate proposals for their improvement.
Peningkatan Minat Belajar di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Sekolah Dasar Inpres 6/80 Latellang Melalui Pembinaan Kelompok Belajar Berbasis Metode Reward
Authors: Mutmainnah  , Harmilawati  
Published: March 2024

Pendidikan tidak lepas dari proses pembelajaran karena semua proses pendidikan berlangsung melalui kegiatan belajar. Pendidikan menjadi sangat penting, khususnya pada masa pendidikan usia dini.Pembelajaran yang bermutu tinggi merupakan kunci utama dalam pendidikan. Minat belajar peserta didik yang kurang bisa mengakibatkan hasil belajar peserta didik belum optimal. Untuk itu, perlu alternatif pemecahannya agar minat belajar siswa meningkat. Minat belajar menjadi salah satu faktor penghambat majunya pendidikan. Menurunnya minat belajar biasanya terjadi karena disebabkan berbagai faktor salah satunya yaitu pada setiap proses pembelajaran guru tidak menggunakan metode yang bervariatif. Di UPT SD Inpres 6/80 Latellang, metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk diterapkan adalah metode reward. Reward dapat berupa hal sederhana seperti pujian dan tepuk tangan ataupun dapat berupa bentuk hadiah yang diberikan kepada siswa. Dengan adanya reward siswa merasa keatifannya atau upaya yang siswa lakukan merasadiapresiasi sehingga muncul rasa senang dan semangat bagi siswa untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran.
Efficacy of in-house clear aligner therapy mechanics on root torque: an in-vitro study
Authors: Doğrugören Rüveyda , Topsakal Kübra Gülnur , Duran Gökhan Serhat , Akdenizv Berat Serdar , Görgülü Serkan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the torque effectiveness of different attachment types and power ridges used in clear aligner therapy (CAT) on the upper lateral incisors.

Methods
A typodont model simulating oral conditions was developed. Two hundred lateral incisor samples were divided into five groups based on attachment types and clear aligner modifications: no attachments (NA), horizontal ellipsoid attachment (HEA), vertical ellipsoid attachment (VEA), buccal power ridge (BPR), and buccal and palatal power ridge (BPPR). Subsequently, a 5° palatal torque moment was applied to the lateral incisors. In-house clear aligners were inserted, and 3D scanning was performed after each aligner step. Post-treatment 3D models were compared with pre-treatment models. The lateral incisors were assessed for torque, tipping, and rotational movements.

Results
The HEA group (41.6%) and the BPPR group (40.8%) showed significantly higher torque effectiveness than the NA group (20%) when 5° of torque was delivered. The planned movement was approximated when 1° and 2° of torque were applied in the NA group (114% and 98%, respectively). The NA and BPR groups showed the highest loss of anchorage.

Conclusions
When more than 3° of torque was applied, HEA and BPPR were more effective than NA in achieving the CAT’s planned torque of the upper lateral incisors, although with an efficacy rate of approximately 40%.

Highlights

It is challenging to achieve torque movement using CAT.

When less than 3° of torque was required, additional mechanics were not necessary.

BPPR and HEA showed higher effectiveness when 5° of torque was applied.

The efficacy of BPR was similar to that of NA.
Biomechanical aging behaviour of clear aligners
Authors: Mei Li , Jin Carrol , Na Aishah , Marra Jamie , Guan Simon , Choi Joanne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The biomechanical behaviour of clear aligners can affect the clinical efficacy of tooth movement.

Objectives
To investigate the aging effects of clear aligners to suggest an optimal wear time from the biomechanical perspective.

Methods
Brand new “as-received” (0-day) clear aligners (Invisalign, Align Co., USA) were immersed in distilled water and placed in an incubator at a constant temperature of 37°C for 21 days to simulate the aging process encountered in the oral cavity. The biomechanical properties (flexural strength, translucency, surface roughness, hardness, and tensile strength) of the clear aligners were assessed each day. The flexural strength was measured using a digital tension gauge; translucency was assessed using the Vita Easyshade digital spectrophotometer; surface roughness was measured using a profilometer; hardness was measured by the indentation test; and tensile strength was measured using a universal testing machine.

Results
The flexural strength decreased significantly after 7 days (0.22 ± 0.01 N at 3 mm compression; 0.35 ± 0.01 N at 5 mm compression) compared with the baseline (0.26 ± 0.01 N, 0.41 ± 0.01 N, respectively) (difference = 0.15 N, p < 0.05 for both). The hardness decreased significantly after 10 days (4.37 ± 0.48 kgf/mm2) compared with the baseline (6.60 ± 0.43 kgf/mm2) (difference = 2.23 kgf/mm2, p < 0.05). No significant change was found in translucency (p = 0.38), internal surface roughness (p = 0.99), external surface roughness (p = 0.57), and tensile strength (p = 0.84) during the 21 days of simulated aging.

Conclusions
The flexural strength and hardness of the clear aligners decreased significantly after 7 days and 10 days, respectively. Surface roughness, translucency, and tensile strength varied little during the 21 days of artificial aging.
Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Rencana Pola Ruang terhadap Nilai Walkability Berdasarkan Metode Frank
Authors: Naufal Ghaffari , Agussaini Halis , Aulia Fahmi 
Published: March 2024

Walkability merupakan kemampuan lingkungan dan kawasan dalam mendukung aktivitas berjalan kaki dengan nyaman dan aman di lingkungan perkotaan. Kualitas walkability yang baik dapat meningkatkan mobilitas pejalan kaki, efisiensi biaya, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan. Daya dukung kawasan terhadap aktivitas berjalan kaki ini dapat diukur melalui tingkat konektivitas kawasan, tingkat kepadatan penduduk, koefisien lantai bangunan komersial, dan tingkat keberagaman penggunaan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan rencana pola ruang terhadap walkability pada kawasan pengembangan pusat kota lama tepatnya pada Gampong Kampung Baru dan Gampong Peunayong yang ditinjau berdasarkan indikator penggunaan lahan. Metode yang digunakan merupakan analisis nilai entropi penggunaan lahan berdasarkan metode Frank dengan menggunakan data penggunaan lahan eksisting dan rencana pola ruang RDTR Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2021-2041. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terjadi penurunan tingkat keragaman penggunaan lahan dari kondisi eksisting sebesar 0,828 menjadi 0,777 pada kondisi perencanaan. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rencana pola ruang saat ini cenderung mengarah pada penggunaan lahan yang lebih terpusat dan homogen, yang dapat mengurangi variasi penggunaan lahan dan kemungkinan adanya tujuan dan fasilitas yang berdekatan. Hal ini berdampak negatif pada walkability kawasan. Untuk meningkatkan nilai walkability, rencana pola ruang pada lokasi penelitian perlu menerapkan strategi perencanaan yang mempertimbangkan diversitas hunian dan pengembangan sektor-sektor potensial dalam kawasan tertentu, serta menciptakan ruang publik yang terkoneksi dengan baik.