bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opioid use and subsequent delirium risk in patients with advanced cancer in palliative care: a multicenter registry study
Authors: Yoo Shin Hye , Kang Jiseung , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Si Won , Hong Moonki , Jung Eun Hee , Kim Yu Jung , Yon Dong Keon , Kang Beodeul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe prevalent use of opioids for pain management in patients with advanced cancer underscores the need for research on their neuropsychiatric impacts, particularly delirium. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential association between opioid use and the risk of delirium in patients with advanced cancer admitted to the acute palliative care unit. We conducted a retrospective observational study utilizing a multicenter, patient-based registry cohort by collecting the data from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, in South Korea. All data regarding exposures, outcomes, and covariates were obtained through retrospective chart reviews by a team of specialized medical professionals with expertise in oncology. Full unmatched and 1:1 propensity-score matched cohorts were formed, and stratification analysis was conducted. The primary outcome, delirium, was defined and diagnosed by the DSM-IV. Of the 2,066 patients with advanced cancer, we identified 42.8% (mean [SD] age, 64.4 [13.3] years; 60.8% male) non-opioid users and 57.2% (62.8 [12.5] years; 55.9% male) opioid users, respectively. Opioid use was significantly associated with an increased occurrence of delirium in patients with advanced cancer (OR, 2.02 [95% CI 1.22–3.35]). The risk of delirium in patients with advanced cancer showed increasing trends in a dose-dependent manner. High-dose opioid users showed an increased risk of delirium in patients with advanced cancer compared to non-opioid users (low-dose user: OR, 2.21 [95% CI 1.27–3.84]; high-dose user: OR, 5.75 [95% CI 2.81–11.77]; ratio of OR, 2.60 [95% CI 1.05–6.44]). Patients with old age, male sex, absence of chemotherapy during hospitalization, and non-obese status were more susceptible to increased risk of delirium in patients with cancer. In this multicenter patient-based registry cohort study, we found a significant, dose-dependent association between opioid use and increased risk of delirium in patients with advanced cancer. We also identified specific patient groups more susceptible to delirium. These findings highlight the importance of opioid prescription in these patients with advanced cancer, balancing effective doses for pain management and adverse dose-inducing delirium.
Impact of COVID-19 on football attacking players’ match technical performance: a longitudinal study
Authors: Luo Le , Sun Ge , Guo Enkai , Xu Hanbing , Wang Zhaohong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined the impact of COVID-19 on 28 indicators of match technical performance (MTP) for football attacking players upon their return to play. Analyzing data from 100 players in the Big Five European football leagues, covering 1500 matches each before and after COVID-19 over 3 years (2020–2023), revealed significant differences in 76% of players’ MTP indicators. Notably, 14 indicators, particularly the five indicators linked to scoring, significantly decreased post-COVID-19. On average, players needed 3.09 matches to regain pre-infection MTP levels. The impact varied across player groups, with those in the elite group showing a milder effect; they required an average of 2.64 matches for recovery, compared to the control group’s 3.55 matches. We found that, with increasing age, the majority of players’ MTP indicators did not exhibit significant changes, both before and after they contracted COVID-19. In conclusion, the study highlighted the negative impact of COVID-19 on football attacking players’ MTP. Players in the elite group experienced fewer adverse effects than those in the control group. This insight assisted coaches and managers in evaluating the impact of COVID-19 and similar virus-induced illnesses on players’ MTP, enabling them to formulate training regimens for recovery and specific match tactics upon players' return to play.
Combined effect of lightning impulse voltage and temperature stress on the propagation of creeping discharge of oil-impregnated paper
Authors: Jiosseu Jean Lambert , Foumi Nkwengwa Stanley Vianney , Mengata Mengounou Ghislain , Tchamdjio Nkouetcha Emeric , Moukengue Imano Adolphe 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article presents the results of an experiment designed to study the impact of temperature on the characteristic parameters of creeping discharges. The insulating interfaces consist of a thermally enhanced cellulose surface immersed in mineral oil, palm kernel oil methyl ester (PKOME) and castor oil methyl ester (COME). The study was carried out under a standard negative lightning impulse voltage (1.2/50 μs). The article also presents the complete algorithms for calculating the maximum extension of the discharges, the ionisation rate and the charge produced by them. The results of the study show that temperature favors the propagation of discharges and the ionisation rate. It was observed that liquids with a higher dielectric constant and high electrical conductivity were more exposed to the impact of temperature. The results show ionisation increments of 0.973%/°C, 1.093%/°C and 1.076%/°C in mineral oil (MO), COME and PKOME respectively. The maximum extension of the discharges shows a linear evolution with the applied voltage and temperature but a non-linear increment with the temperature. As for the charge produced, it shows a constant increment with temperature and voltage in each liquid. These values are (5.839%/°C, 1.977%/kV), (6.047%/°C, 2.082%/kV) and (6.177%/°C, 2.113%/kV) respectively in MO, COME and PKOME.
An electromechanical stimulation regulating model with flexoelectric effect of piezoelectric laminated micro-beam for cell bionic culture
Authors: Rao Wei-Feng , Wang Ya-Wen , Li An-Qing , Zhou Sha-Sha , Zheng Zu-Mei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCell bionic culture requires the construction of cell growth microenvironments. In this paper, mechanical force and electrical stimulations are applied to the cells cultured on the surface of the piezoelectric laminated micro-beam driven by an excitation voltage. Based on the extended dielectric theory, the electromechanical microenvironment regulating model of the current piezoelectric laminated micro-beam is established. The variational principle is used to obtain the governing equations and boundary conditions. The differential quadrature method and the iterative method are used to solve two boundary value problems for cantilever beams and simply supported beams. In two cases, the mechanical force and electrical stimulations applied to the cells are analyzed in detail and the microscale effect is investigated. This study is meaningful for improving the quality of cell culture and promoting the cross-integration of mechanics and biomedicine.
Mediterranean fruit fly population phenological patterns are strongly affected by elevation and host presence
Authors: Rodovitis Vasilis G. , Verykouki Eleni , Zarpas Kostas D. , Papanastasiou Stella A. , Moraiti Cleopatra A. , Patronis Nikos , Papadopoulos Nikos T. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly) (Ceratitis capitata, Diptera: Tephritidae), is an extremely polyphagous pest that threatens the fruit production and trading industry worldwide. Monitoring C. capitata populations and analysing its dynamics and phenology is considered of outmost importance for designing and implementing sound management approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors regulating the population dynamics of the C. capitata in a coastal and semi-mountainous area. We focused on effects of topography (e.g. elevation), host presence and seasonal patterns of ripening on the phenological patterns considering data collected in 2008. The experimental area is characterized by mixed fruit orchards, and Mediterranean climate with mild winters. Two trap types were used for population monitoring. The female targeted McPhail type and the male targeted Jackson type. Traps were placed in farms located at different elevations and landscape morphology (coastal and semi-mountainous areas). The main crops included citrus, apples, peaches, plums, pears, figs, quinces and apricots. Adult captures were first recorded in May, peaked in mid-summer and mid-autumn and almost ceased at the end of the season (January 2008). Captures in the coastal areas preceded that of highlands by 15 days. Most of the adults detected during the fruit ripening of late stone fruit cultivars (first peak) and citrus (second peak). The probability of capturing the first adults preceded almost three weeks the peak of adult captures either considering the elevation or host focus analyses. The results provide valuable information on the seasonal population trend of C. capitata in mixed fruit Mediterranean orchards and can support the set-up of IPM systems in areas with various landscapes and different hosts throughout the fruit growing season.
Determination of internal controls for quantitative gene expression of Spodoptera litura under microbial pesticide stress
Authors: Wu Shuang , Luo Yunmi , Zeng Zhihong , Yu Ying , Zhang Shicai , Hu Yan , Chen Lei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) has become a commonly used method for the quantification of gene expression. However, accurate qRT-PCR analysis requires a valid internal reference for data normalization. To determine the valid reference characterized with low expression variability among Spodoptera litura samples after microbial pesticide treatments, nine housekeeping genes, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), arginine kinase, ubiquitin C, actin-5C (ACT5C), actin, ribosomal protein S13 (RPS13), tubulin, acidic ribosomal protein P0 (RPLP0) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, were evaluated for their suitability using geNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper, RefFinder and the comparative delta CT methods in this study. S. litura larvae after direct treatment (larvae were immersed in biopesticides), indirect treatment (larvae were fed with biopesticide immersed artificial diets) and comprehensive treatment (larvae were treated with the first two treatments in sequence), respectively with Metarhizium anisopliae, Empedobacter brevis and Bacillus thuringiensis, were investigated. The results indicated that the best sets of internal references were as follows: RPLP0 and ACT5C for direct treatment conditions; RPLP0 and RPS13 for indirect treatment conditions; RPS13 and GAPDH for comprehensive treatment conditions; RPS13 and RPLP0 for all the samples. These results provide valuable bases for further genetic researches in S. litura.
Ecological implications of allometric relationships in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)
Authors: Balaguera-Reina Sergio A. , Mason Brittany M. , Brandt Laura A. , Hernandez Nicole D. , Daykin Bryna L. , McCaffrey Kelly R. , Godfrey Sidney T. , Mazzotti Frank J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMorphometric allometry, the effect of size on morphological variation, has been of great interest for evolutionary biologist and is currently used in fields such as wildlife ecology to inform management and conservation. We assessed American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) morphological static allometry across the Greater Everglades ecosystem in South Florida, United States using a robust dataset (~ 22 years) and investigated effects of sex, habitat, and sampling area on morphological relationships. Regression models showed very strong evidence of a linear relationship between variables explaining equal to or above 92% of the variation in the data. Most trait–size relationships (8 out of 11 assessed) showed hyperallometry (positive allometry) with slope deviations from isometry between 0.1 and 0.2 units while the other three relationships were isometric. Sampling area, type of habitat, and in a lesser extent sex influenced allometric coefficients (slope and intercept) across several relationships, likely as result of differing landscapes and ecosystem dynamic alterations and sexual dimorphism. We discuss our findings in terms of the biology of the species as well as the usefulness of our results in the context of ecosystem restoration and conservation of the species. Finally, we provide recommendations when using trait–length relationships to infer population nutritional—health condition and demographics.
Mechanical azimuthal beam‐steering Fabry–Perot resonator antenna with large deflection angle
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Zhu Lele , Zhang Wenmei , Wang Wensong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractContinuous beam steering approach with minimal power consumption is highly desirable in modern antenna designs. A simple mechanical method for achieving beam steering in the Fabry–Perot resonator antenna (FPRA) is presented. It involves rotating the upper phase gradient metasurface (PGM) mechanically to change the aperture phase distribution, so the beam is continuously steered in the azimuthal plane while maintaining a large elevation angle. The proposed PGM unit cell comprises a hexagonal ring and patch printed on both sides of the substrate, along with a honeycomb lattice. A prototype antenna operating at 5.65 GHz is fabricated and measured to validate the feasibility. Measurement results show that the FPRA achieves a gain of 14.9 dBi, and can continuously steer its beam in the azimuthal plane with an elevation angle of around θ = 50°. Measured radiation patterns in eight azimuthal directions (φ = 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°) are consistent with the simulated results. Compared with other electrical tuning methods, our design has a compact size and requires lower power for the PGM rotation.
Nach der Pandemie ist vor der Pandemie: Und wie interdisziplinäre Forschung hier helfen kann
Authors: Ly Yen-Tran , Arndt Franca , Boschert Alessa L. , Pavletić Bruno , Webner Florian , Kohl Andreas , Grübbel Henrik , Soltau Julian , Talai Iman , Diallo Mohamed Diaoulé , Westhoff Andreas , Schreiber Andreas , Hecking Tobias , Duschek Frank , Grünewald Karin , Meller Frank , Biedermann Jörn , Rinderknecht Frank , Kraft Werner , Schmeling Daniel , Jordan Jens , Moeller Ralf 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Luftfahrt gehört zu den am stärksten durch die COVID-19-Pandemie beeinträchtigten gesellschaftlichen Bereiche und hat gleichzeitig zu einer raschen globalen Ausbreitung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus beigetragen. SARS-CoV-2 gehört zu den Coronaviren, die schon in der Vergangenheit zu Ausbrüchen wie MERS-CoV geführt haben. Diese Erregergruppe sowie weitere zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt möglicherweise noch unbekannte Erreger werden auch in Zukunft unsere Gesellschaft herausfordern. Um hier besser reagieren zu können, wurde am DLR unter Kooperation von 6 Instituten ein Graduiertenkolleg ins Leben gerufen, das interdisziplinäre Lösungsansätze zur Erforschung und Bekämpfung von aktuellen und zukünftigen Pandemien entwickeln wird. Dabei arbeiten Ingenieure, Physiker, Softwareentwickler, Biologen und Mediziner in enger Zusammenarbeit an neuen Konzepten und dem Aufbau fachgebietsübergreifenden Wissens, um zukünftige Pandemien besser kontrollieren und eindämmen zu können sowie gezielter reagieren zu können. Ein Schwerpunkt ist hierbei die Reduzierung der Keimbelastung in Flugzeugen aber auch anderen öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln wie Bussen und Bahnen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit geben wir einen Überblick über die Ausgangslage und mögliche Ansätze, um künftigen pandemischen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können.
The Adrenal Gland and Pancreatic Islets – A Beneficial Endocrine
Alliance
Authors: Schubert Undine , Lehmann Susann , Schmid Janine , Morawietz Henning , Bornstein Stefan R. , Ludwig Barbara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntraportal islet transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes enables
restoration of glucose-regulated insulin secretion. However, several factors
hamper a widespread application and long-term success: chronic hypoxia, an
inappropriate microenvironment and suppression of regenerative and proliferative
potential by high local levels of immunosuppressive agents. Therefore, the
identification of alternative and superior transplant sites is of major
scientific and clinical interest. Here, we aim to evaluate the adrenal as an
alternative transplantation site. The adrenal features a particular
microenvironment with extensive vascularization, anti-apoptotic and
pro-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. To validate
this novel transplantation site, an in vitro co-culture system of adrenal cells
and pancreatic islets was established and viability, islet survival, functional
potency and antioxidative defense capacity were evaluated. For in vivo
validation, an immune-deficient diabetic mouse model for intra-adrenal islet
transplantation was applied. The functional capacity of intra-adrenally grafted
islets to reverse diabetes was compared to a standard islet transplant model and
measures of engraftment such as vascular integration were evaluated. The
presence of adrenal cells positively impacted on cell metabolism and oxidative
stress. Following transplantation, we could demonstrate enhanced islet function
in comparison to standard models with improved engraftment and superior
re-vascularization. This experimental approach allows for novel insights into
the interaction of endocrine systems and may open up novel strategies for islet
transplantation augmented through the bystander effect of other endocrine cells
or the active factors secreted by adrenal cells modulating the
microenvironment.
Association of VEGF+936 C/T Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Type
2 Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huo Yanhong , Zhang Xin , Su Li , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF)+936 C/T polymorphism and the risk of type 2
diabetic retinopathy (T2DR) by a method of meta-analysis. Six online databases
were queried to identify studies investigating the VEGF+936 C/T polymorphism
that influenced T2DR up to August 2023. The statistical tool of the pooled data
was adopted using Stata 15.0 software. The experimental group comprised patients
with T2DR, while patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without retinopathy were
considered as the controls. The odds ratio (OR) was utilized as effect size.
Eight eligible publications were identified in this review, including 1546
patients with T2DR. The combined results revealed that the VEGF+936 C/T
polymorphism was significantly associated with the T2DR risk under the allelic
(C/T: OR=0.54, p<0.001), the dominant (CC+CT/TT: OR=0.37, p<0.001),
recessive (CC/CT+TT: OR=0.52, p=0.001), homozygous (CC/TT: OR=0.31, p<0.001),
and heterozygous (CT/TT: OR=0.55, p=0.005) gene models. No significant
correlation was observed regarding the VEGF+936 C/T polymorphism that
contributed to the risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) versus
non-PDR. In conclusion, the VEGF+936 C/T polymorphism significantly contributed
to the T2DR risk. Specifically, at the VEGF+936 C/T locus, the presence of
allele C and genotypes CC, CT, and CC+CT were found to be associated with a
reduced risk of T2DR.
Characterizing the Impact of Facial Rehabilitation on Acute Facial Paralysis
Authors: Abend Audrey , Perillo Lauren , DeSimone Jenna , Eytan Danielle F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEvidence on facial rehabilitation therapy (FRT) for acute facial paralysis (FP) remains limited. We present a retrospective review of patients with acute FP who have received FRT with physical therapists within 1 year of FP onset as determined by Sunnybrook Facial Grading Scale (SFGS) composite scores. A total of 702 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FP were referred to a university rehabilitation program between January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2022. Seventy-six patients met the criteria, defined as FP diagnosis <12 months before FRT initiation, ≥3 therapy sessions, and sufficient follow-up data. Average number of treatment sessions between SFGS scores was 7.7. History of cancer, sex, number of treatment sessions, and initial SFGS score were correlated with change in SFGS. Time to treatment was not correlated with change in SFGS score. SFGS improved with each additional treatment session (p < 0.01). Each additional point in the initial SFGS was correlated with less change in the final SFGS score (p < 0.01). FRT can provide meaningful improvement in functionality for patients with acute FP, regardless of time to treatment. Furthermore, patients who present with poorer functionality at baseline and those who undergo more treatment are most likely to see SFGS improvement. Research comparing the effect of facial rehabilitation with other treatment modalities and to a control cohort is warranted.
Oral Health Literacy Rate Among Schoolteachers—A Quantitative Study
Authors: Ain Qurat-ul , Gillani Syeda Munazza , Ain Qurat-ul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate oral health literacy (OHL) rate among schoolteachers of Abbottabad city by using structured questionnaire divided in sections of reading skills, numeracy, listening skills, and appropriate decision-making skills.
Materials and Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among schoolteachers with survey method. Total 159 participants were selected as sample from 10 different local schools of Abbottabad city. Data was gathered by using OHL-AQ (oral health literacy-adult questionnaire) with convenient sampling technique. Responses were calculated by using IBM SPSS.V.26 and descriptive analyses were performed.
Results Satisfactory results were seen among schoolteachers: high-level of OHL, 44.65%; moderate level of OHL, 40.9 and low-level OHL, 14.46%. The questionnaire section, “numeracy-calculation skills” and “appropriate decision-making skills,” exhibited high scores.
Conclusion This study concluded that the OHL rate among schoolteachers was satisfactory. But as teachers play a pivotal role in shaping and influencing young minds, setting a goal of achieving 100% would ensure commitment toward better oral health of their wards. Those participants who showed considerably low OHL level is alarming for oral health challenges.
Ion trap with in-vacuum high numerical aperture imaging for a dual-species modular quantum computer
Authors: Carter Allison L. , O’Reilly Jameson , Toh George , Saha Sagnik , Shalaev Mikhail , Goetting Isabella , Monroe Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Photonic interconnects between quantum systems will play a central role in both scalable quantum computing and quantum networking. Entanglement of remote qubits via photons has been demonstrated in many platforms; however, improving the rate of entanglement generation will be instrumental for integrating photonic links into modular quantum computers. We present an ion trap system that has the highest reported free-space photon collection efficiency for quantum networking. We use a pair of in-vacuum aspheric lenses, each with a numerical aperture of 0.8, to couple 10(1)% of the 493 nm photons emitted from a 138Ba+ ion into single-mode fibers. We also demonstrate that proximal effects of the lenses on the ion position and motion can be mitigated.