bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separating positivity and regularity for fourth order Dirichlet problems in 2d-domains
Authors: Dall'Acqua Anna , Meister Christian , Sweers Guido 
Published: July 2006

SummaryThe main result in this paper is that the solution operator for the bi-Laplace problem with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions on a bounded smooth 2d-domain can be split in a positive part and a possibly negative part which both satisfy the zero boundary condition. Moreover, the positive part contains the singularity and the negative part inherits the full regularity of the boundary. Such a splitting allows one to find a priori estimates for fourth order problems similar to the one proved via the maximum principle in second order elliptic boundary value problems. The proof depends on a careful approximative fill-up of the domain by a finite collection of limaçons. The limaçons involved are such that the Green function for the Dirichlet bi-Laplacian on each of these domains is strictly positive.
Whither the Area in Area Studies? How Students Teach Us to Rethink the Boundaries of Eastern Europe
Authors: Metzo Katherine , Cash Jennifer 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe authors examine the state of the field of Russian and East European area studies by bringing student perspectives into dialogue with leading scholarly perspectives on the direction of area studies. They argue that the collapse of communism and increasing globalization do not necessitate the elimination of area studies. Instead, area studies helps to contextualize the shared histories and experiences of neighboring states as well as local particularities within the increasing integration of Europe.
Two and a Half Centuries of Qualitative and Quantitative Chemical Analyses of Dead Sea Water
Authors: Oren Aharon 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe waters of the Dead Sea, with their extremely high salt concentration and unusual ionic composition, have challenged the analytical skills of the pioneers of modern chemistry in the 18th and the 19th centuries. Since the first qualitative (Perry, 1742) and quantitative analysis (Macquer, Lavoisier, and Sage, 1781) of Dead Sea brine were published, many chemical analyses of its waters have appreared in the literature. Illustrious names such as Marcet, Klaproth, Gay‐Lussac, Gmelin, Hermbstädt, and Boussingault are associated with these early analyses. Many of the analytical results, obtained with the primitive equipment available at the time, are surprisingly accuate, even by present‐day standards. Thus, the chemical composition of Dead Sea water was known long before correct maps of the lake had been published and before the geological history, the physical limnology, and the microbiology of the lake were understood.
Air Pollution Emission Inventory Survey for Israel
Authors: Weinroth Erez , Luria Menachem , Ben‐Nun Avia , Kaplan Jay , Peleg Mordechai , Mahrer Issac 
Published: July 2006

AbstractHigh ozone levels are regularly measured during summer months over the inland and mountainous regions of Israel. Studies analyzing the back trajectories of air masses responsible for the high ozone levels showed that the precursors originated from the densely populated Israeli coastline. In order to better understand the contribution of those emission sources to ozone production, it is essential to have an accurate emission inventory that can be inputted into a photochemical model. The present paper describes the methods used in preparing an emission inventory for Israel based on information available and published until 1998. The source and accuracy of the data available are described. The calculations performed and the assumptions taken in order to obtain data not directly available are clarified. The sources reported in the inventory were the major polluters (power plants, oil refineries, and cement industries); industry; transportation; and biogenic sources. The pollutants studied were SO2, NOx, CO, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethylene, isoprene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, and aldehydes. The inventory showed that transportation is responsible for almost the entire CO and 30% of the volatile organic compounds emitted, although transportation itself accounts for only a fifth of total fuel consumption. About 75% of the NOx emitted can be attributed to industrial sources and the remaining 25% to transportation. Model simulations using the emission inventory were performed and compared to data available from a monitoring station situated 30 km east of Tel Aviv. The results showed good agreement, validating the accuracy of the emission inventory. The present emission inventory provides an important database as input to photochemical models used in forecasting ozone levels over Israel.
Catalytic Oxidation of Thiol Compounds by Novel Fuel Cell‐inspired Co‐Porphyrin and Co‐Imidazole Catalysts
Authors: Goifman Anatoly , Gun Jenny , Gelman Faina , Ekeltchik Irina , Worch Eckhard , Lev Ovadia 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe catalytic performance of pyrolyzed carbon‐supported cobalt‐nitrogen donor (CoN4) catalysts for the oxidation of thiol compounds by dioxygen in aqueous solution was studied. This paper continues our previous line of research, which was inspired by the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen on pyrolyzed carbon‐supported cobalt‐porphyrins and related tetra‐coordinated nitrogen donor‐transition metal complexes (MeN4, where Me stands for a transition metal atom). Both pyrolyzed carbon‐supported Co‐imidazole and Co‐porphyrin exhibited fast catalytic oxidation of the different thiols. The rate of oxidation of different thiols on the pyrolyzed CoN4 catalysts was compared to the homogeneous rate of oxidation using 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin Co(II) tetrasodium salt as catalyst. Based on the cobalt content, the heterogeneous catalysts always outperformed the homogeneous one, and at times even exhibited 4,100‐fold better catalysis. The dependence of the catalytic rate of oxidation on the preparation temperature was investigated, showing an optimal catalysis at ˜650 °C for the cobalt‐imidazole catalyst. The decrease in catalytic performance after heat treatment at elevated temperature was attributed to the formation of cobalt metal acting as a generator of carbon nanotubes.
Risk assessment in development lending
Authors: Gordon Ken 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper looks at one approach that lenders can use to assess the risk of property development loans. It focuses on a pre‐approval analysis of several key elements of the construction process and presents a means of developing an overall risk rating for a given project to assist the underwriter with the approval and pricing process. In addition, the paper reviews the post‐approval requirements for the appointment of qualified consulting professionals and the information required from them, enabling the lender to react immediately to any major construction or cost variance. It also includes an attempt to clarify ‘cost to complete’, a confusing concept used to ensure that sufficient funds remain at all times to complete the approved project. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications
Do stakeholder groups influence environmental management system development in the Dutch agri‐food sector?
Authors: Bremmers Harry , Omta Onno , Kemp Ron , Haverkamp Derk‐Jan 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a survey that included 492 companies in the Dutch agri‐food sector with respect to the influence of stakeholder groups on the companies' level of environmental management system (EMS) implementation. It is concluded that primary stakeholders (government, clients) are more relevant for EMS development than secondary stakeholders (such as environmental organizations). The results suggest that small and medium‐sized companies are able to accommodate to demands with respect to the implementation of internally oriented care systems (I‐EMSs). I‐EMSs focus at the single firm or location. In general, they are predominantly influenced by governmental and other ‘non‐commercial’ stakeholder groups. For the implementation of externally oriented EMSs (E‐EMSs), which focus on the supply chain and network, qualitative rather than quantitative relationship characteristics between companies and the government are important. Moreover, commercial stakeholder groups (such as suppliers, clients and competitors) influence E‐EMS levels significantly. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Labour Party: saved by the modernisers or modernised to be saved?
Authors: Rantavellas Christos 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe paper treats politics as a complex process that embraces actual or potential interactions among constructed meanings of different social actors through various symbolic forms drawing on the specific socio‐historical, political context. These symbolic forms can take the form of various kinds from everyday linguistic utterances to complex images and texts. It is suggested that there is a strong interrelationship between ‘image’ and political discourse and their symbolic value grows as long as they come from consistent communication among all the social actors participating in the political process inside and outside of the political organisation. Two historical examples from the British political landscape—the Labour election defeat in 1987 and the Labour leadership election in 1994—are examined so as to draw some useful remarks concerning the limitations in drawing the line between ‘image’ and political discourse and among processes considered either internal or external of the party. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications
Rethinking corporate restructuring
Authors: Heugens Pursey P. M. A. R. , Schenk Hans 
Published: July 2006

AbstractA giant wave of corporate restructuring has rolled through the global corporate landscape ever since the early 1980s, and to date there are still no signs of it slowing down. Much of the restructuring took place under the banner of increasing corporate financial performance, but a significant by‐product of the deep‐rooted organisational change it involves is additional strain on the organisation's relationships with employees, communities, taxpayers, governments and other stakeholders. This commentary paper first assesses four qualitatively different types of corporate restructuring and the corresponding techno‐rational explanations and justifications for their occurrence. Next, it demonstrates how these restructuring transactions can frustrate a firm's relationships with market and non‐market parties. It then goes beyond the techno‐rational perspective by discussing four types of public affairs instruments, and framing them as facilitating measures which companies can take to appease actors that have the potential to inhibit organisational restructuring efforts. The authors thus rethink corporate restructuring by focusing on the crucial role that public affairs activities can play in the management of the market and non‐market pressures associated with the redesign of organisational structures and portfolios. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Two Different Circular Staplers for Mucosectomy in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids
Authors: Arroyo Antonio , Pérez‐Vicente Francisco , Miranda Elena , Sánchez Ana , Serrano Pilar , Candela Fernando , Oliver Israel , Calpena Rafael 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackgroundThe main objections against circular stapled mucosectomy have been anal pain and rectal bleeding during the surgical procedure or in the immediate postoperative follow‐up. To avoid these consequences, a new stapler (PPH33‐03) has been developed. The aim of this trial was to compare the intraoperative and short‐term postoperative morbidity of stapled mucosectomy with PPH33‐01 versus PPH33‐03 in the treatment of hemorrhoids.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized clinical trial comparing hemorrhoidectomy with PPH33‐01 (group 1, n = 30) versus PPH33‐03 (group 2, n = 30) for grade III–IV symptomatic hemorrhoids. For the follow‐up, the patients underwent examination and proctoscopy at 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. We recorded anal pain (linear analog scale from 0 to 10), intraoperative hemorrhage, postoperative bleeding, and continence (Wexner Continence Grading Scale).ResultsDemographic and clinical features showed no differences between the two groups. More patients required suture ligation to stop anastomotic bleeding at surgery when the PPH33‐01 stapler was used (15 versus 4, P < 0.05). Rectal bleeding during the first postoperative 4 weeks was similar (P > 0.05). The postoperative pain scores during the first week were similar (P > 0.05). Patients with pain on defecation were fewer in the PPH‐03 group (15 versus 2, P < 0.05). Six patients from group 1 and none from group 2 (P < 0.05) had granulomas along the line of staples at the sites of the reinforcing stitches; the granulomas were associated with postoperative anal discomfort and rectal bleeding. One patient in group 1 complained of persistent pain that resolved within 3 months. Of all the intraoperative or preoperative variables analyzed, only the presence of granuloma was associated with postoperative bleeding and anal discomfort. We have not found any recurrence or incontinence during the 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsIntraoperative bleeding along the stapled line and tenesmus or discomfort during defecation were less frequent after circular stapled mucosectomy with PPH33‐03. Therefore, circular stapled mucosectomy with PPH33‐03 decreases the risk of immediate complications and thus allows implantation with more safety as a day surgery procedure.
Foley Catheter Balloon Tamponade for Life‐threatening Hemorrhage in Penetrating Neck Trauma
Authors: Navsaria Pradeep , Thoma Maximilien , Nicol Andrew 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBackgroundFoley catheter (FC) balloon tamponade is a well‐recognized technique employed to arrest hemorrhage from penetrating wounds. The aim of this study was to review our experience with this technique in penetrating neck wounds and to propose a management algorithm for patients with successful FC tamponade.MethodsA retrospective chart review (July 2004–June 2005 inclusive) was performed of patients identified from a prospectively collected penetrating neck injury computer database in whom FC balloon tamponade was used. The units’ policy for penetrating neck injuries is one of selective nonoperative management. All patients with successful FC tamponade underwent angiography. A venous injury was diagnosed if angiography was normal. Ancillary tests were performed as indicated. Removal of the FC was performed in the OR.ResultsDuring the study period, 220 patients with penetrating neck injuries were admitted to our unit. Foley catheter balloon tamponade was used in 18 patients and was successful in 17 patients. Angiography was positive in 3 patients, all of whom underwent surgery. The FC was successfully removed in 13 patients at a mean of 72 (range 48–96) hours. One patient bled after removal of the catheter, mandating emergency surgery.ConclusionFoley catheter balloon tamponade remains a useful adjunct in the management of selective patients with penetrating, bleeding neck wounds.
Impact of 144 weeks of laronidase therapy on body functions, endurance and general well‐being in a Hurler–Scheie patient
Authors: Soutar R. L. , Mercer J. , Wraith J. E. 
Published: July 2006

SummaryThe quality of life of a Hurler–Scheie patient who experienced improvement in several organ functions and regained mobility after 144 weeks of laronidase enzyme replacement therapy is described.
Pericardial effusion in primary systemic carnitine deficiency
Authors: Wattanasirichaigoon Duangrurdee , Khowsathit Pongsak , Visudtibhan Anannit , Suthutvoravut Umaporn , Charoenpipop Dussadee , Kim Sook Z. , Levy Harvey L. , Shih Vivian E. 
Published: July 2006

SummaryA patient with pericardial effusion and a complicated presentation of primary systemic carnitine deficiency (PSCD) is described. This is the first case of PSCD reported to have pericardial effusion. Compound heterozygosity for two mutations in the SLC22A5 gene, T440M and F23del, and four SLC22A5 polymorphisms (c.IVS3+6A>G, c.−77G>A, c.−78C>T, and p.S95S) were identified in the patient.
Newborn screening may fail to identify intermediate forms of maple syrup urine disease
Authors: Bhattacharya K. , Khalili V. , Wiley V. , Carpenter K. , Wilcken B. 
Published: July 2006

SummaryThe New South Wales state‐wide newborn screening programme has offered comprehensive screening for inborn errors of metabolism, including MSUD, using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry since 1998. Over this period, a number of patients with classic MSUD have been identified with subsequent good neurological outcome. We describe two patients with an intermediate form of MSUD who presented later in childhood. Retrospective review of their newborn screening results demonstrates that the diagnosis could not have been made by current newborn screening. Their neurological outcome is much less satisfactory. Despite the usefulness of expanded newborn screening programmes in detecting severe neonatal presentations of inborn errors of metabolism, partial enzyme deficiencies may not be detected. Metabolic diseases still need to be considered in appropriate clinical situations later in life.
Persistent 5‐oxoprolinuria with normal glutathione synthase and 5‐oxoprolinase activities
Authors: Ruijter G. J. G. , Mourad‐Baars P. E. C. , Ristoff E. , Onkenhout W. , Poorthuis B. J. H. M. 
Published: July 2006

Summary5‐Oxoprolinuria is primarily associated with inborn errors of the γ‐glutamyl cycle. In addition, transient 5‐oxoprolinuria has been reported to occur in a variety of conditions, such as prematurity and malnutrition, and during medication. We report an unusual case of permanent 5‐oxoprolinuria. The patient presented 3 days after birth with acidosis, and metabolic screening revealed massive excretion of 5‐oxoproline. Following recovery, growth and psychomotor development were normal, but 5‐oxoprolinuria persisted. Primary defects in the γ‐glutamyl cycle were ruled out since glutathione synthase and 5‐oxoprolinase activities were normal. All known secondary causes of 5‐oxoprolinuria were also excluded, leaving the basis of the permanent 5‐oxoprolinuria in this patient unresolved.
Iliopsoas haematoma in Gaucher disease
Authors: Lešić Aleksandar , Suvajdzic Nada , Elezovic Ivo , Bumbasirevic Marko , Hadas‐Halpern Irith , Elstein Deborah , Zimran Ari 
Published: July 2006

SummaryExtrapelvis or retroperitoneal haemorrhage has long been appreciated as having many causes and considerable variability in subsequent morbidity; however, to date only two cases have been reported in patients with Gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder. It had been our assumption that these cases were unique and a consequence of severe disease in patients who had not been treated with enzyme (or other disease‐specific) therapy. Herein we present three more cases (as well as our first patient), which allow one to make some generalizations. Ultrasound was used in one centre and computed tomography in the second centre to make the definitive diagnosis. The trigger for the bleeding in all cases was muscle strain after activity. All patients were young with massive hepatosplenomegaly, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and bone pain with skeletal involvement; the last was the most obvious commonality among these patients. Differential diagnosis is complicated by exquisite groin pain that is common to both Gaucher disease and extrapelvis haemorrhage, but not necessarily.
Isolated periodic minima are unstable
Authors: Ureña Antonio J. 
Published: July 2006

A classical result, studied, among others, by Carathéodory [C. Carathéodory, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations of the First Order, Chelsea, New York, 1989], says that, at least generically, periodic minimizers are hyperbolic, and consequently, unstable as solutions of the associated Euler–Lagrange equation. A new version of this fact, also valid in the nonhyperbolic case, is given.

Résumé
Un résultat classique, étudié, entre autres, par Carathéodory [C. Carathéodory, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations of the First Order, Chelsea, New York, 1989], dit que, au moins génériquement, les minimiseurs périodiques sont hyperboliques et par conséquent, instables comme solutions de l'équation d'Euler–Lagrange associée. Une nouvelle version de ce fait, aussi valable dans le cas nonhyperbolique, est donnée.
On quasiconvex hulls in symmetric
\( 2\times2 \) matrices
Authors: Székelyhidi László 
Published: July 2006

In this paper we study the quasiconvex hull of compact sets of symmetric

2 \times 2

matrices. We are interested in situations where the quasiconvex hull can be separated into smaller independent pieces. Our main result is a geometric criterion which is sufficient for the quasiconvex hull of the union of two compact sets

K_{1} \cup K_{2}

to separate in the sense that

(K_{1} \cup K_{2})^{\mathrm{qc}} = K_{1}^{\mathrm{qc}} \cup K_{2}^{\mathrm{qc}}

. The key point in the proof is a kind of directional maximum principle for second order elliptic equations in the plane in non-divergence form with measurable coefficients.

Résumé

On étudie les enveloppes quasiconvexes des ensembles compacts de matrices symétriques

2 \times 2

. On s'intéresse aux situations où l'enveloppe quasiconvexe se laisse séparer dans des morceaux indépendants plus petits. Le résultat principal est un critère géométrique suffisant pour l'enveloppe quasiconvexe d'une union de deux ensembles compacts

K_{1} \cup K_{2}

pour se séparer comme

(K_{1} \cup K_{2})^{\mathrm{qc}} = K_{1}^{\mathrm{qc}} \cup K_{2}^{\mathrm{qc}}

. Le point essentiel dans la preuve est un principe du maximum directionnel pour les équations elliptiques de deuxième ordre dans le plan sous la forme non-divergence avec des coefficients mesurables.
On a Liouville phenomenon for entire weak supersolutions of elliptic partial differential equations
Authors: Kurta Vasilii V. 
Published: July 2006

We study a new Liouville-type phenomenon for entire weak supersolutions of elliptic partial differential equations of the form

A(u) = 0

on

\mathbb{R}^{n}

,

n \geq 2

. Typical examples of the operator

A(u)

are the

p

-Laplacian for

p > 1

, the mean curvature operator, and their well-known modifications.

Résumé

Ce travail est consacré à l'étude d'un nouveau phénomène de type de Liouville pour les sursolutions entières faibles d'équations aux derivées partielles elliptiques de la forme

A(u) = 0

sur

\mathbb{R}^{n}

,

n \geq 2

. Des exemples typiques de l'opérateur

A(u)

sont le

p

-laplacien pour

p > 1

, l'opérateur de courbure moyenne, et leurs modifications bien connues.
The gradient flow motion of boundary vortices
Authors: Kurzke Matthias 
Published: July 2006

We consider the gradient flow of a family of energy functionals describing the formation of boundary vortices in thin magnetic films. We obtain motion laws for the singularities in all time scalings by using the method of

Γ

-convergence of gradient flows.

Résumé

On considère le flot de gradient d'une famille de fonctionnelles d'énergie qui décrivent la formation de vortex dans les films magnétiques minces. Ces singularités se forment à la frontière, et nous obtenons leurs équations du mouvement, pour tous les scalings de temps, en utilisant la méthode de la

Γ

-convergence des flots de gradient.