bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rare case of chikungunya encephalitis and its management: A case report and literature review
Authors: Inban Pugazhendi , Chandrasekaran Sai Harini , Yadav Preeti Kumari , Vijayakumar Roshini , Elavia Zenia , Singh Mansi 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageChikungunya encephalitis, though rare, warrants clinical attention due to its severe complications. Early identification and appropriate management are crucial for improved outcomes in patients with this rare manifestation of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection.AbstractCHIKV infection is commonly associated with fever and joint pains, but neurological complications such as encephalitis are rare. Here, we present a unique case of confirmed chikungunya encephalitis in a 12‐year‐old male exhibiting atypical neurological symptoms. The diagnostic journey involved comprehensive neuroimaging and serological investigations, revealing intriguing findings on magnetic resonance imaging and positive CHIKV RNA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. We discuss the clinical presentation, radiological characteristics, and management strategies, emphasizing the importance of recognizing this uncommon neurological manifestation of CHIKV infection.
Improved management of the bermudagrass stem maggot
Authors: Baxter Lisa L. , Anderson William F. , Hudson William G. , Rios Esteban F. , Bowling Cody H. , Hancock Dennis W. , Gates Roger N. , Burt Justin C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe bermudagrass stem maggot (BSM; Atherigona reversura Villeneuve) continues to damage bermudagrass [Cynodon dactlyon (L.) Pers.] pastures and hayfields throughout the southeastern United States each season. This management guide describes how to identify the damage to the forage and the bermudagrass stem maggot as a larva, pupa, and fly. Strategically timed pyrethroid applications reduce adult BSM populations and yield loss, but ongoing efforts are focused on developing integrated pest management plans that include cultural, physical, and biological suppression efforts. Research is ongoing to improve the effectiveness of insecticide applications and screen new modes of action to prevent resistance to the pyrethroids. However, long‐term solutions will require development and release of tolerant bermudagrass cultivars to reduce the reliance on pesticides. Fine‐stem bermudagrass lines are more susceptible to bermudagrass stem maggot damage than lines with thicker stem diameters. While ‘Tifton 85’ is still considered the standard to which we compare all other bermudagrass lines for BSM tolerance, there is still room for improvement. Genotypes currently under evaluation maintain the positive attributes of Tifton 85 while overcoming these challenges.
pH‐Responsive Aminobenzocoumarins as Fluorescent Probes for Biological Acidity
Authors: Schniererová Karin , Janeková Hana , Joniak Jakub , Putala Martin , Štacko Peter , Stankovičová Henrieta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRegulation of pH plays an essential role in orchestrating the delicate cellular machinery responsible for life as we know it. Its abnormal values are indicative of aberrant cellular behavior and associated with pathologies including cancer progression or solid tumors. Here, we report a series of bent and linear aminobenzocoumarins decorated with different substituents. We investigate their photophysical properties and demonstrate that the probes display strong pH‐responsive fluorescence “turn on” behavior in highly acidic environments, with enhancement up to 300‐fold. In combination with their low cytotoxicity, this behavior enabled their application in bioimaging of acidic lysosomes in live human cells. We believe that these molecules serve as attractive lead structures for future rational design of novel biocompatible fluorescent pH probes.
Magnetic‐Field‐Induced Spin Regulation in Electrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Huang Qing , Sheng Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe utilization of a magnetic field to manipulate spin states has emerged as a novel approach to enhance efficiency in electrocatalytic reactions, distinguishing from traditional strategies that focus on tuning activation energy barriers. Currently, this approach is specifically tailored to reactions where spin states change during the catalytic process, such as the oxidation of singlet H2O to triplet O2. In the magnetically enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) procedure, the parallel spin alignment on the ferromagnetic catalyst was induced by the external magnetic field, facilitating the triplet O−O bonding, which is the rate limiting step in OER. This review centers on recent advancements in harnessing external magnetic fields to enhance OER performance, delving into mechanistic approaches for this magnetic promotion. Additionally, we provide a summary of magnetic field application in other electrocatalytic reactions, including oxygen reduction, methanol oxidation, and CO2 reduction.
Laminar mixing of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids in SMX static mixer
Authors: Gayen Neelabja , Swamy Srikanth , Hari Sridhar , Sonawane Shirish H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis report is focused on understanding the mixing performance of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids in an SMX static mixer through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study in Simcenter STAR‐CCM+. For this, the standard SMX mixer with four mixer elements of radius 26 mm was chosen. The aspect ratio (L/D) was taken as 1. The model constructed was compared using pressure drop ratio values available in literature. First, the design was validated for Newtonian fluid, then for shear‐thinning fluid (non‐Newtonian). Mixing patterns produced through particle tracking approach revealed how blending improved as the fluid moved downstream and interacted with increasing number of mixer elements. A sensitivity study was undertaken to investigate the effect of particle injection mechanism on the mixing process. Two injection methods, vertical and horizontal, were explored to check the influence of injection position on mixing. The results indicate that for the given configuration irrespective of the injection location, at least four mixing elements are needed to achieve good mixing for both Newtonian and shear‐thinning fluids investigated in this study. Statistical reports were used to quantify mixing to understand the mixing behaviour for Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluids with change in Reynolds number. At high Reynolds number, non‐Newtonian fluids exhibited better mixing abilities. Further, efforts were taken to optimize the various design parameters to produce the most optimum solution with a single mixer element for Newtonian fluid.
Improving lifestyle behaviors during chemotherapy for breast cancer: The Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition Early After Diagnosis (LEANer) Trial
Authors: Puklin Leah S. , Ferrucci Leah M. , Harrigan Maura , McGowan Courtney , Zupa Michelle , Cartmel Brenda , Li Fang‐Yong , Ligibel Jennifer A. , Spiegelman Donna , Sharifi Mona , Sanft Tara , Irwin Melinda L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about improving physical activity (PA) and diet during and after chemotherapy for breast cancer. This secondary analysis examines changes in PA and diet quality during a yearlong intervention for patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and evaluates factors associated with these changes.MethodsNewly diagnosed patients with breast cancer (N = 173) undergoing chemotherapy were randomized to a year‐long nutrition and exercise intervention (n = 87) or usual care (UC, n = 86). Mixed models compared 1‐year changes in PA and diet quality via the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)‐2015 by study arm. Among the intervention group, baseline factors associated with change in PA and diet were assessed with multivariable linear and logistic regression.ResultsAt 1 year, compared with UC, the intervention arm increased PA more (mean difference = 136.1 minutes/week; 95% CI, 90.2–182.0), participated in more strength training (56% vs. 15%; p < .001), and had suggestive improvements in HEI‐2015 (mean difference = 2.5; 95% CI, –0.3 to 5.3; p = .08). In the intervention arm, lower fatigue was associated with improved PA (p = .04) and higher education was associated with improved HEI‐2015 (p = .001) at 1 year. Higher HEI‐2015 (p = .04) and married/living with someone (p = .05) were associated with higher odds of participating in strength training at 1 year.ConclusionsThis year‐long lifestyle intervention for patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy resulted in increases in PA and suggestive improvements in diet quality. Behavior change was associated with baseline fatigue, diet quality, education, and married/living with someone. Addressing these factors in interventions may improve uptake of lifestyle behaviors in trials during and after chemotherapy.
EPREKM: ElGamal proxy re‐encryption‐based key management scheme with constant rekeying cost and linear public bulletin size
Authors: Sharma Payal , B. R. Purushothama 
Published: March 2024

SummaryA vast body of literature is filled with many key management schemes constructed using different cryptographic primitives. They aim toward either security goals or improvement in performance efficiency. However, the key management schemes based on proxy re‐encryption suffer from massive communication and computational costs. We propose an ElGamal proxy re‐encryption‐based construction for the key management scheme to resolve this. The proposed scheme involves constant computational and communication costs in rekeying operations and linear public bulletin size. We achieve essential security requirements of forward and backward secrecy in this scheme. The scheme is also secure against the collusion attack. In addition, we address the importance of adequately managing missed rekeying updates for offline users. The existing schemes trivially keep track of each rekeying message on the public bulletin board, which increases the size of the public bulletin with every join/leave operation. However, the proposed scheme uses the public bulletin board so that the handling of offline users is built into the scheme itself, which manages it efficiently. Also, the public bulletin size in the proposed scheme is not dependent on the number of rekeying operations but linear in the number of users.
Photoinduced Tandem C−O Bond Reduction/Ketyl Radical Addition Reactions of α‐Keto‐N,O‐Acetals Enabled by Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer
Authors: Seefeldt Paul , Edelmann Luisa , Prudlik Adrian , Villinger Alexander , Francke Robert , Brasholz Malte 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe C10a‐acetoxylated tetrahydroazepino[1,2‐a]indole‐6,11‐diones are a class of tricyclic oxindoles that feature an α‐keto‐N,O‐acetal substructure, rendering them highly susceptible to SET reduction followed by fragmentation. In protic medium, they undergo a PCET‐assisted two‐step reduction including an interposed C−O bond cleavage that can be initiated photocatalytically as well as by cathodic reduction, and which generates nucleophilic ketyl radicals. In the presence of acrylonitrile and DIPEA as additional reactants, the photoinduced reaction unfolds as a tandem C−O bond reduction/ketyl radical conjugate addition, to furnish C10a‐reduced, C11‐cyanoethyl‐substituted tricyclic azepino‐[1,2‐a]indole derivatives with high stereoselectivity.
Risk and return efficiency of manufacturing firms: Integrating corporate social responsibility performance
Authors: Martínez‐Victoria MCarmen , Lansink Alfons Oude 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis to assess the performance of stocks in terms of return on assets, risk and their Environmental‐Social‐Governance score. Next, latent class analysis (LCA) is used to determine groups with similar performances and relates group membership to a set of covariates. The empirical application employs a set of 139 European manufacturing companies from 2016 to 2021 period. The results suggest stocks on average perform 25% below their potential in each of the three dimensions. The LCA suggests five groups and membership of lower performance classes significantly relates with lower size, R&D expenses and Tobin's Q.
Characteristic parameter model and circuit‐level simulation of gate‐controlled dual direction SCR for on‐chip ESD protection
Authors: Liu Yujie , Wang Yang , Yang Jian , Jin Xiangliang 
Published: March 2024

SummaryDual‐directional SCR (DDSCR) with bidirectional discharge paths and high robustness is widely employed for electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection in integrated circuits. However, the design and simulation of on‐chip ESD protection circuits for dual‐directional paths remain challenging due to a lack of relevant device models. This paper designs a Gate‐Controlled Dual‐Direction SCR (GDDSCR) for providing electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection in industry‐level temperature sensors. Furthermore, a new behavioral model is developed based on the GDDSCR for simulating ESD protection circuits along both forward and reverse paths. Experimental results demonstrate that the GDDSCR behavioral model accurately reproduces the IV characteristics observed in bidirectional transmission line pulse (TLP) tests. In addition, the equivalent circuit based on human body model (HBM) is used for transient simulation, and the accuracy of the model is verified by relevant HBM experiments. The proposed model allows the direct extraction of parameters such as trigger voltage (Vt1), holding voltage (Vh), and on‐state resistance (Ron) through TLP testing, facilitating easy application to other types of DDSCR devices.
Unlocking the potential of T‐cell metabolism reprogramming: Advancing single‐cell approaches for precision immunotherapy in tumour immunity
Authors: Huang Lihaoyun , Li Haitao , Zhang Cangang , Chen Quan , Liu Zaoqu , Zhang Jian , Luo Peng , Wei Ting 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs single‐cell RNA sequencing enables the detailed clustering of T‐cell subpopulations and facilitates the analysis of T‐cell metabolic states and metabolite dynamics, it has gained prominence as the preferred tool for understanding heterogeneous cellular metabolism. Furthermore, the synergistic or inhibitory effects of various metabolic pathways within T cells in the tumour microenvironment are coordinated, and increased activity of specific metabolic pathways generally corresponds to increased functional activity, leading to diverse T‐cell behaviours related to the effects of tumour immune cells, which shows the potential of tumour‐specific T cells to induce persistent immune responses. A holistic understanding of how metabolic heterogeneity governs the immune function of specific T‐cell subsets is key to obtaining field‐level insights into immunometabolism. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms underlying the interplay between T‐cell metabolism and immune functions will pave the way for precise immunotherapy approaches in the future, which will empower us to explore new methods for combating tumours with enhanced efficacy.
Asynchronous multiuser detection for sparse code multiple access with unknown delays: A compressed sensing approach
Authors: Wheeler Dylan , Tripp Erin E. , Natarajan Balasubramaniam 
Published: March 2024

SummaryDespite being the subject of a growing body of research, nonorthogonal multiple access has failed to garner sufficient support to be included in modern standards. One of the more promising approaches to nonorthogonal multiple access is sparse code multiple access, which seeks to utilize nonorthogonal, sparse spreading codes to share bandwidth among users more efficiently than traditional orthogonal methods. Nearly all of the studies regarding sparse code multiple access assume synchronization at the receiver, which may not always be a practical assumption. In this work, we aim to bring this promising technology closer to a practical realization by dropping the assumption of synchronization. We therefore propose a compressed sensing‐based delay estimation technique developed specifically for an uplink sparse code multiple access system. The proposed technique can be used with nearly all of the numerous decoding algorithms proposed in the existing literature, including the popular message passing approach. Furthermore, we derive a theoretical bound regarding the recovery performance of the proposed technique and use simulations to demonstrate its viability in a practical uplink system.
A preliminary investigation of epigenome‐wide DNA methylation and temperament during infancy
Authors: Leri John , Liu Jingwen , Kelly Maria , Kertes Darlene A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study provides preliminary evidence for an epigenetic architecture of infant temperament. At 12 months of age, blood was collected and assayed for DNA methylation and maternally reported infant temperament was assessed using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire in 67 mother–infant dyads. Epigenome‐wide analyses showed that the higher order temperament dimensions Surgency and Negative Affect were associated with DNA methylation. The epigenetic signatures of Surgency and Negative Affect were situated at genes involved in synaptic signaling and plasticity. Although replication is required, these results are consistent with a biologically based model of temperament, create new avenues for hypothesis‐driven research into epigenetic pathways that underlie individual differences in temperament, and demonstrate that infant temperament has a widespread epigenetic signature in the methylome.
Development status and research recommendations for thermal extraction technology in deep hot dry rock reservoirs
Authors: Li Diquan , Li Ning , Jia Jing , Yu Hongguang , Fan Qinghu , Wang Lichang , Mohsen Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBased on a comprehensive review of domestic and foreign literature, this article discusses the technical difficulties and development status of enhanced geothermal system (EGS) concerning the thermal energy extraction of deep hot dry rock (HDR) reservoirs and proposes suggestions for the research focus of numerical simulation of HDR reservoir stimulation. Additionally, it summarizes the existing methods and mainstream working fluids for HDR reservoir stimulation. The article emphasizes the significance of factors such as well location, production well depth, artificial fracture orientation, and complexity in optimizing the thermal production efficiency of the EGS. Furthermore, this article delves into a detailed discussion on the influence of fracture spacing, fracture permeability, fracture length, fluid injection rate, and injected fluid temperature on the performance of the EGS. In light of the thermo‐hydro‐mechanical coupling challenges associated with high‐temperature reservoirs, it is suggested that future research efforts should focus on investigating the impact of thermo‐induced stresses on the stability of the artificial fracture network within the EGS during long‐term (>30 years) circulation of hot and cold fluids.
Plant responses to elevated CO2 under competing hypotheses of nitrogen and phosphorus limitations
Authors: Zhu Qing , Riley William J. , Tang Jinyun , Bouskill Nicholas J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe future ecosystem carbon cycle has important implications for biosphere‐climate feedback. The magnitude of future plant growth and carbon accumulation depends on plant strategies for nutrient uptake under the stresses of nitrogen (N) versus phosphorus (P) limitations. Two archetypal theories have been widely acknowledged in the literature to represent N and P limitations on ecosystem processes: Liebig's Law of the Minimum (LLM) and the Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) approach. LLM states that the more limiting nutrient controls plant growth, and commonly leads to predictions of dramatically dampened ecosystem carbon accumulation over the 21st century. Conversely, the MEL approach recognizes that plants possess multiple pathways to coordinate N and P availability and invest resources to alleviate N or P limitation. We implemented these two contrasting approaches in the E3SM model, and compiled 98 in situ forest N or P fertilization experiments to evaluate how terrestrial ecosystems will respond to N and P limitations. We find that MEL better captured the observed plant responses to nutrient perturbations globally, compared with LLM. Furthermore, LLM and MEL diverged dramatically in responses to elevated CO2 concentrations, leading to a two‐fold difference in CO2 fertilization effects on Net Primary Productivity by the end of the 21st century. The larger CO2 fertilization effects indicated by MEL mainly resulted from plant mediation on N and P resource supplies through N2 fixation and phosphatase activities. This analysis provides quantitative evidence of how different N and P limitation strategies can diversely affect future carbon and nutrient dynamics.
Cu/Co binary‐transition metal glycerolates as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Wu Wenwen , Liang Jianneng , Ye Shenghua , Chen Zhida , Chen Wenda , Zhao Xiaojuan , Zheng Lirong , Zhang Qianling , Liu Jianhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe energy density of Lithium‐ion batteries (LiBs) fails to keep pace with the growing demand for long‐driving range EVs. Developing novel anode materials with high specific capacities is one of the most effective ways to increase the energy density of LiBs. Herein, a series of Cu and Co binary‐transition metal glycerolates (labeled as CuxCoy/G) were prepared as the anodes for LiBs. It was observed that CuxCoy/G exhibited a distinctive yolk‐shell architecture, which significantly differed from the solid spherical structure of Cu/G and Co/G counterparts. X‐ray powder diffraction and Scanning electron microscope studies suggested that Cu element existed as Cu2+1O in CuxCoy/G, and the Co element was in the form of amorphous glycerolates. Electrochemical studies showed that Cu0.4Co1/G delivered a high capacity over 1000 mAh g−1 at the first discharge, and it exhibited the most stable cycling performance over 200 cycles. Mechanism study suggested both Cu and Co elements contributed to lithium storage capacities in CuxCoy/G at the initial discharging process. Experimental results revealed that Co exhibited reversible capacity while Cu element was reduced to metallic Cu which contributed to the electronic conductivity, rendering Cu0.4Co1/G exhibited a better long‐term cycling stability than Co/G. This work explored a new type of anode material with high specific capacity for LiBs, paving the way to high energy density LiBs.