bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The action of dna antagonists on epstein‐barr virus (EBV)‐associated early antigen (EA) in burkitt lymphoma lines
Authors: Gergely Lajos , Klein George , Ernberg Ingemar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of two DNA antagonists (IUDR and Ara C) on EBV‐associated antigens was studied in two BL‐derived carrier culture lines (P3HR‐1 and Onesmas). Both drugs led to an accumulation of the early antigen (EA) from 2% in the untreated to 5–40% in the treated cultures. Ara C blocked the production of viral capsid antigen (VCA) whereas a small number of VCA + cells were still present after IUDR treatment. Reversion of Ara C‐induced DNA inhibition led to the appearance of VCA + cells, reaching a higher level than in the untreated control samples.Combined immunofluorescence and autoradiography showed that the majority of VCA + cells incorporated H3‐thymidine. These facts are in line with the hypothesis that EA can be made in the absence of cellular DNA synthesis, whereas VCA production is dependent on the DNA synthesis.The relationship between EA and two other EBV‐associated antigens, MA (membrane antigen) and VCA (viral capsid antigen) was studied by the two‐color immuno‐fluorescence technique. VCA + cells were EA+ and MA+. EA + VCA ‐ cells were partly MA + and partly MA‐. This is in good agreement with the corresponding findings on the EBV‐infected Raji cell system (Gergely et al., 1970a).
Antibody to human cell lines with and without ultrastructural evidence for epstein‐barr virus (ebv) infection in sera from patients with diverse viral illnesses
Authors: Beltran German , Northington James W. , Leiderman Eduardo , Mogabgab William J. , Stuckey Walter J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred and sixteen pairs of acute and convalescent sera from patients with diverse viral illnesses were studied for Epstein‐Barr virus (EB V) antibody by an indirect immunofluorescent technique using as antigen cells of the EB‐3 cell line known to harbor EBV particles. Sera of 23 patients with atypical pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae were investigated similarly. We found low titers of antibody in 90% of the cases but failed to detect any significant increase of antibody in the convalescent sera. These results do not support the suggestion that the development of EBV antibody observed in infectious mononucleosis is due to non‐specific effects such as proliferation of lymphoid cells.Subsequently, we reacted 31 sera with cells of four continuous cultures established from the buffy coat of patients with various types of leukemia (TU‐I through TU‐4). After repeated electron microscope examination, cells of these lines are known to be free of EBV particles, but harbor a tubular ultrastructure previously described by others in a variety of cell cultures. Although all 31 sera had reacted positively with EB‐3 cells, they failed to react with the TU cells. We interpreted this observation as indicating a lack of antigenic relationship between the tubular structures and EBV.
Carcinogenesis in tissue culture. XIII. Binding of 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide‐3h to nucleic acids and proteins of l.P3 and JTC‐25.P3 cells
Authors: Andoh Toshiwo , Kato Keiko , Takaoka Toshiko , Katsuta Hajim 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of a chemical carcinogen, 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide (4NQO), on two mammalian cell strains of tissue culture was investigated with special reference to its binding to macromolecular constituents of cells by the use of cell strains L.P3, a substrain of L‐929 mouse fibroblasts, and JTC‐25.P3, a substrain of rat liver cells transformed by Nagisa culture. Both substrains have been cultivated in a protein‐free synthetic medium. Population‐dependent inhibition of growth by 4NQO was detected. This was due to the population‐dependent incorporation of the carcinogen into cells, i.e. the lower the population density in a culture vessel, the higher was the amount of carcinogen incorporated into cells, resulting in the amplification of the inhibitory effect. On addition to culture medium, 4NQO‐3H was readily incorporated into the cold acid‐soluble pool of cells attaining the maximum within 30 min. This labelling value, however, gradually decreased during a few hours, more than 90% being metabolized and excreted into the medium. On the other hand, the binding of 4NQO‐3H to the cold acid‐insoluble macro‐molecular fraction rapidly reached the maximum within 30 min and was kept unreleased for several hours. On removal of the carcinogen from the medium, the value of the bound label decreased with a half‐life time of about 5 h. In binding to cellular proteins the carcinogen was found to have bound uniformly to every fraction of various soluble proteins but it was released from each fraction with a half‐life of approximately 5 h, as revealed by the fractionation on Sephadex G‐100 columns. Three successive additions of 4NQO‐3H to the medium brought about the binding of the carcinogen to tRNA, DNA and rRNA, molar ratios of the carcinogen to 10,000 nucleotides of each nucleic acid fraction being 2.6, 3.3, and 5.3, respectively. In 24 h of recovery incubation, specific activities in these nucleic acid fractions decreased to 27.4%, 39.1% and 22.0%, respectively.
Toxic effect of polyriboinosinic‐polyribocytidylic acid on mouse hemopoietic stem cells
Authors: Jullien Pierre , de Maeyer‐Guignard Jaqueline 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWithin a few hours following a single intraperitoneal injection of polyriboinosinic‐polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:poly C) into C3H/He mice, numbers of bone‐marrow and spleen‐colony‐forming cells are significantly decreased. The dose‐response curve obtained shows an exponential decrease of the surviving CFU with increasing amounts of poly I:poly C, up to 200 μg; with higher doses of poly I:poly C, no further decrease of CFU is observed. This suggests that poly I:poly C kills colony‐forming cells in replicating phase, and is devoid of activity on cells in resting phase. The lack of additive toxic effects observed when poly I:poly C and vinblastine sulfate are administred simultaneously is consistent with this hypothesis. The cytotoxic effect of the polynucleotide is related to its double‐strandedness and is not mediated by interferon present in the serum.
Cytotoxic effects of exogenous d‐galactosamine on experimental tumors
Authors: St‐Arneault G. , Walter L. , Bekesi J. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present work the carcinostatic effect of exogenous D‐galactosamine on Sarcoma‐180 and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was examined in vitro. D‐galactosamine exhibited a powerful anti‐tumor effect on these tumor lines, resulting in a rapid loss of viability and transplantability. The toxic effect of D‐galactosamine was not altered by addition of glucose or pyruvate. The effects of galactosamine were evident histologically even before the cells became stainable by trypan blue.The biochemical basis for the cytotoxic effect of galactosamine, at a concentration used for viability, transplantability and tissue‐culture study, was investigated. Galactosamine was taken up very rapidly by the tumor cells, reaching a steady state rate within 60 min. Fifty‐three μmoles of galactosamine were accumulated by 109 cells. About 98% of the intracellular acid‐soluble galactosamine was present in the non‐phosphorylated form. Galactosamine markedly inhibited the incorporation of thymidine‐14C into the DNA of Sarcoma‐180 ascites tumor cells. However, the effect of exogenous galactosamine on the incorporation of thymidine‐14C into normal tissues was significantly less than that into neoplastic tissues. It is significant that N‐acetylgalactosamine or D‐galactose did not alter the cell viability and these cells developed tumors when inoculated into mice.
Studies on the relationship between thymus regeneration and lymphoma prevention in c57bl/6 mice irradiated and injected with syngeneic spleen cells
Authors: Chen Louise 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdult syngeneic spleen cells, which protect against radiogenic lymphoma, failed to induce thymus recovery after irradiation. However, bone‐marrow cells, which afford the same protection against lymphoma induction, are effective in promoting thymus regeneration. Similar observations were made in the experiments on incorporation of 3H‐thymidine and 14C‐phenyl alanine into thymuses of mice irradiated and injected with spleen or bone‐marrow cells.It appears that there are two different factors by which haematopoietic cells independently promote thymus regeneration and prevent lymphoma induction.
Ribosomal rna in avian leukosis virus particles
Authors: Obara Tadashi , Bolognesi Dani P. , Bauer Heinz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe RNAs of avian viruses originating from the plasma of leukemic chickens (AMV) or from tissue culture (MAV‐B) consisted of five distinct components with sedimentation constants of 62 s, 27 s, 17 s, 9 s, and 4–5 s. Whereas the 27 s and 17 s minor RNA components could be consistently recovered from large quantities of AMV, fractionation procedures as well as labelling conditions were found to be critical for their detection when the virus originated from tissue culture fluids. Sedimentation studies, base ratio analysis, and hybridization experiments all indicated that the 27 s and 17 s components probably represent ribosomal RNA, and the significance of the presence of cellular RNA in the virus particles is discussed.
Population surveys on the prevalence of thyroid cancer in a non‐endemic region, Nagano, Japan
Authors: Maruchi Nobuhiro , Furihata Rikio , Makiuchi Masao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor the purpose of evaluating the epidemiological situation of thyroid cancer in non‐endemic regions, the prevalence of thyroid cancer was studied in the general population in 15 areas of Nagano Prefecture, Japan.In the survey, 59,106 subjects (representing 80.9% of the population) were examined for goiter. The total number of thyroid diseases detected was 2,098; i.e., 3.5% (1.4% for males and 5.4% for females) of the subjects examined. Non‐endemic diseases were prevalent. Of the cases detected, 633 were diagnosed as nodular goiter, with 472 cases requiring surgical treatment. Of these, operations were performed in 390 cases, while two cases of thyroid cancer were considered too advanced for surgery.In the clinical and histological studies, 76 cases (16 males and 60 females) were diagnosed as having thyroid cancer. Most of the cancer cases detected in the survey consisted of papillary adenocarcinoma. The prevalence rate of thyroid cancer was 1.3 (0.6 for males and 1.9 for females) per 1,000 examined. The prevalence for females varied with area, though this variation was not significant in the case of males. The prevalence by age varied for both sexes, being greater in the thirties and above than in the under‐thirties.It may be stated that the prevalence of thyroid cancer in the general population is as high as one per 1,000 subjects examined in non‐endemic regions, and that this is not merely a non‐representative case, but that a similarly high prevalence of thyroid cancer can be found in other non‐endemic regions.Statistical comparison of the prevalence of thyroid cancer with its mortality or morbidity rate indicates a considerable difference between the two. The incidence of the latter was only approximately one hundredth of the former. Because of this low mortality, thyroid cancer is apt to be neglected, both clinically and epidemiologically, in comparison to other sites of cancer associated with a higher mortality rate.
Immunological studies on a hamster‐specific sarcoma virus
Authors: Bomford R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA hamster‐specific sarcoma virus released from cells of a Harvey murine sarcoma virus (H‐MSV)‐induced hamster tumour is shown to have the hamster leukaemia virus group‐specific (gs) antigen, and hence to be a hamster leukaemia virirs (HaL V) pseudotype of the murine sarcoma virus, H‐MSV (HaLV). The hamster leukaemia virus gs antigen is not detectable in non‐producer H‐MSV (HaLV) transformed hamster cells or in Rous sarcoma virus, polyoma or SV40‐transformed cells. Five out of 6 transplanted hamster tumours were found to contain the HaLV gs antigen.
Glucose‐6‐phosphatase activity in rat liver parenchyma during azo‐dye carctnogenesis
Authors: Moulin Marie‐Christine , Daoust Roger 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe glucose‐6‐phosphatase (C‐6‐Pase) activity was investigated by the Wachstein and Meisel method in preneoplastic rat liver parenchyma, as well as in normal liver and hepatomas induced by 4‐dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB).Normal liver shows a high G‐6‐Pase activity restricted to the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. At early stages of DAB feeding, the centrolobular degenerating zones give a coarser reaction while portal areas retain a normal activity. In cirrhotic liver, the intensity of the reaction varies greatly from one nodule of regeneration to another but is relatively uniform within each nodule.Hyperbasophilic foci are found in nodules with either high or low G‐6‐Pase activity. The foci developing from highly active nodules show a loss of G‐6‐Pase activity and the tumors are negative.It appears from these studies that a) the variations in G‐6‐Pase activity observed in regenerating nodules play no role in the development of hyperbasophilic foci and hepatomas, and b) the loss of activity occurring in hyperbasophilic foci and tumors probably represents a secondary feature of the neoplastic transformation.
Cancer in East African Indians
Authors: Chopra Saif , Templeton A. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn analysis of 586 cases of cancer occurring in Indians resident in East Africa is presented and compared with proportional rates found in Indians in India and Durban. The proportion of carcinoma of the breast is much higher in East Africa than in India or South Africa, particularly among Muslim women. The high rate of gastric and bronchial neoplasms seen in Durban is not found in East Africa. Indians in East Africa and Durban both show a markedly lower proportion of buccal neoplasms than that which pertains in India. Reasons for these variations are discussed, most of which are explicable in terms of differences in the environment.
In vivo and in vitro recovery of defective friend virus by various leukemia viruses
Authors: Fieldsteel A. Howard , Dawson Peter J. , Kurahara Carole 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFriend virus‐induced reticulum cell sarcomas afler growth in tissue culture were shown to be free from infectious virus. Retrieval of infectious Friend virus could be accomplished with the aid of Moloney leukemia virus, Graffi leukemia virus, and the lymphatic leukemia virus associated with Friend virus, using both in vivo and in vitro techniques. On initial isolation, the pseudotypes differed from original Friend virus in their markedly reduced ability to induce Friend disease in other than newborn BALB/c mice. It was concluded that, although Friend virus may also exist in a non‐defective form, there was no evidence that the tumors contained other than helper‐dependent virus.
Isolement de particules virales intracytoplasmiques du type “A” a partir du lymphome murin induit par L'éthyluréthane
Authors: Kerckaert J. P. , Montreuil J. , Ch. Doyennette M. , Puvion F. , Vlaeminck M. N. , Demaille A. , Adenis L. , Driessens J. 
Published: February 2007

Isolation of intracytoplasmic type “A” particles from murine lymphoma induced by ethyl‐urethanThe significance of naked intracytoplasmic “A” particles present in many cases of murine leukemias and mammary tumors is still unsettled and will become meaningful only after isolating these particles in pure form. Unfortunately, till now, type “A” particles were always isolated mixed with B and mainly C forms. From an urethaninduced lymphoma in Swiss mice, we were able to isolate these “A” particles by means of isopyknic centrifugation in caesium chloride. This rapid technique without any altering detergent produces intact particles. Both in vitro and in vivo electron microscopic aspects are the same. In our first bio‐assays, intraperitoneal injections of A‐fraction into newborn mice gave rise to many malignant mesenchymomes with polymorphic differentiation which were never observed spontaneously in the colony of Swiss mice used by the authors.
Elution of “blocking factors” from human tumors, capable of abrogating tumor‐cell destruction by specifically immune lymphocytes
Authors: Sjögren Hans Olov , Hellström Ingegerd , Bansal Subhash C. , Warner Glenn A. , Hellström Karl Erik 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from patients with growing neoplasms have been previously shown capable of specifically blocking the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes immune to tumor‐associated antigens (TAA) of the respective patients' neoplasms. The present investigation demonstrates that a similar blocking activity can be eluted at pH 3.1 from human tumor tissues, obtained at surgery (seminomas and osteogenic sarcomas) and from tumor cells growing in ascites and pleural effusions (carcinomas of endometrium, breast and ovary). A high (MW above 100,000) and a low (MW below 100,000) molecular weight fraction can be separated from the eluates by ultrafiltration. Neither of these fractions could block lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity in vitro when tested by itself, while a 1:1 mixture of them could. Blocking was also obtained when the tumor cells were first exposed to the high and then to the low molecular weight fractions, but not when the sequence was reversed. The observations obtained are analogous to previous findings in animal tumor systems and provide evidence that tumors growing in human patients are coated by “blocking factors”.
Cell‐mediated responses to tumour xenografts in mice
Authors: Simpson Elizabeth , Beverley P. C. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA micro‐cytotoxic assay has been used to follow the course of the cell‐mediated response to a tumour xenograft in normal and ALS‐treated mice. In normal mice a peak response was seen at day 10 in both lymph nodes and spleen. Further peaks of cytotoxic activity were seen at days 18 and 42 in the spleen. In ALS‐treated mice, in which the tumour grew progressively, the response was slightly delayed in both lymph nodes and spleen. Subsequently 10 out of 12 mice bearing progressively growing tumours, tested at times up to 83 days after tumour grafting, showed immunity in either lymph nodes, spleen or both.
Étude immunochimique et immunologique des tumeurs du cerveau humain
Authors: Delpech B. , Delpech A. , Clément J. , Laumonier R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBrain tumours extracts have been studied against anti brain immune sera and antiglioblastoma immune sera. The common antigens that are present in all organs are present in tumour extracts, but the brain specific antigens studied were found in the extracts in a small quantity. Lactoferrin was also present in the tumour extracts. No “carcinoembryonic” antigen was detected. The antiglioblastoma immune sera were also able to detect an hepatosplenic antigen at a trace level in some tumours. The origin of this antigen and of lactoferrin is discussed. No anti‐tumour auto‐antibodies were detected, whereas a positive fluorescent staining was obtained in all tumours by using human sera containing anti nuclear antibodies.
In vitro study of cellular immunity against autochthonous human cancer
Authors: Segall Aneta , Weiler Odette , Genin Jean , Lacour Jean , Lacour Fanny 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of cell‐mediated immunity has been undertaken in vitro by the leukocyte migration test (LMT) on 57 patients with operable carcinoma. Tumor extracts induced an inhibition of autologous leukocyte migration in 58% of the cases: 10 out of 17 lymphomas, 10 out of 15 malignant mesenchymal tumors, 8 out of 13 mammary carcinomas, 2 out of 4 melanomas, and 3 out of 8 various other tumors. Migration of mononuclear cells was especially inhibited but not that of neutrophils. Thus a previous sensitization of the lymphocytes by tumor antigen (s) has been shown. On the contrary, 9 extracts of benign and 17 extracts of normal tissue did not significantly inhibit the migration of autologous cells. Almost all tumor extracts were tested against allogeneic leukocytes from patients bearing the same or a histologically different type of tumor, or from healthy subjects (101 cases). Cross‐reactions were observed in five melanomas, in one case of Hodgkin's disease, and in one breast carcinoma. In all but two cases, inhibition of leukocyte migration did not occur in patients with a different type of tumor or in non‐cancerous patients.It is too early to judge the possible prognostic value of a positive LMT showing a state of cellular hypersensitivity against tumor antigens. Only a survival time analysis and a wider follow‐up study of the “immunological balance” during the course of the disease can provide an answer.
Immunisation contre la tumeur a virus sv40; importance de la voie d'inoculation
Authors: Dubreuil R. , Difranco Et E. , Pavilanis V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdult Syrian hamsters were vaccinated with SV40 virus or with SV40 virus‐transformed cells (heterologous or gamma‐irradiated homologous cells) by the subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes; this increases the resistance of the animals against subsequent transplantation of tumor cells. However, there was a much greater proportion of animals that developed tumors in those injected by the i.p. route, this being the case not only for the vaccinated groups but also for the control groups.The injection of SV40‐transformed cells (heterologous or irradiated homologous cells) after the excision of transplanted tumors influenced the development of tumor recurrences and metastases. Here again, the treatment by the i.p. as compared to the s.c. route, was followed by a markedly higher rate of recurrences in the immunized as well as in the control groups.The treatment by the s.c. route appears to affect primarily tumor recurrences and regional metastases, while the treatment by the i.p. route inhibits the development of later metastases, especially lung metastases.
Evolution of cell‐mediated antitumor immunity in mice bearing a syngeneic chemically induced tumor. Influence of tumor growth, surgical removal and treatment with irradiated tumor cells
Authors: Belehradek Jean , Barski Georges , Thonier Monique 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe evolution of the specific cell‐mediated immune status was studied in C57BL/6 mice bearing a chemically induced syngeneic sarcoma, the TBL CL2 tumor. Peritoneal cells (PC) as the source of immunocompetent cells were repeatedly harvested from the same groups of mice checked in the in vitro colony growth inhibition tests (CGI) against target TBL CL2 cells.Confirming our data previously reported from studies with other tumor‐host models, a characteristic evolution of the cell‐mediated immune status was observed. Ten days after tumor inoculation, the PC from the tumor‐bearing mice strongly inhibited the tumor target cells in the CGI test. This reactivity was, however, soon followed by an “eclipse” state of PC. This state continued, whenever checked, until the tumor‐bearer's death. On the contrary, surgical removal of the tumor 6 weeks after inoculation led to a reappearance of PC reactivity within about 2 months. This period was clearly shortened in animals receiving a post‐operative injection of irradiated cells of the TBL CL2 tumor. An in vivo study of tumor‐graft rejection revealed a fair degree of parallelism with the CGI tests: the tumor graft was rejected in animals bearing the first tumor for 10 days and having activated PC; the tumor graft was not rejected in animals bearing huge tumors and having PC in the “eclipsed” state.