bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mean-field equation for phase-modulated optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Sanchez A. D. , Kumar S. Chaitanya , Ebrahim-Zadeh M. 
Published: March 2024

The widely established techniques for the generation of ultrashort optical pulses rely on passive mode locking of lasers, with the output pulse duration and emission spectrum determined by the intrinsic lifetime of laser transition in the gain medium. Due to the instantaneous nature of nonlinear gain, optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are capable of generating optical radiation in all timescales from continuous-wave (cw) to ultrashort femtosecond regime, if driven by laser pump sources in the corresponding time domain. In the ultrashort timescale, operation of OPOs conventionally relies on mode-locked pump lasers, with the concomitant disadvantages of large footprint and high cost. At the same time, the lack of gain storage mandates the use of synchronous pumping, resulting in increased complexity. In this paper, we present the concept of phase-modulated OPO driven by cw pump laser. The approach overcomes the traditional drawbacks of ultrafast OPOs, enabling femtosecond pulse generation without the need for synchronous pumping, resulting in a simplified, compact, and cost-effective architecture using cw input pump lasers. We derive a mean-field equation for a degenerate χ(2) OPO driven by a cw laser with intracavity electro-optic modulator (EOM), and also including dispersion compensation. The equation predicts the formation of stable femtosecond pulses (<200fs), in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes, with a controllable repetition rate determined by the frequency of the EOM. The remarkable functionality of the proposed scheme paves the way for the development of an alternative class of widely tunable coherent femtosecond light sources in both bulk and integrated format based on χ(2) OPOs using cw pump lasers.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Status of research on parametric methods for the reconstruction of 3D models of the human body for virtual fitting
Authors: Feng Wenqian , Li Xinrong , Wang Jiankun , Wen Jiaqi , Li Hansen 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis paper reviews the pros and cons of different parametric modeling methods, which can provide a theoretical reference for parametric reconstruction of 3D human body models for virtual fitting.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, we briefly analyze the mainstream datasets of models of the human body used in the area to provide a foundation for parametric methods of such reconstruction. We then analyze and compare parametric methods of reconstruction based on their use of the following forms of input data: point cloud data, image contours, sizes of features and points representing the joints. Finally, we summarize the advantages and problems of each method as well as the current challenges to the use of parametric modeling in virtual fitting and the opportunities provided by it.FindingsConsidering the aspects of integrity and accurate of representations of the shape and posture of the body, and the efficiency of the calculation of the requisite parameters, the reconstruction method of human body by integrating orthogonal image contour morphological features, multifeature size constraints and joint point positioning can better represent human body shape, posture and personalized feature size and has higher research value.Originality/valueThis article obtains a research thinking for reconstructing a 3D model for virtual fitting that is based on three kinds of data, which is helpful for establishing personalized and high-precision human body models.
SiLK-SLAM: accurate, robust and versatile visual SLAM with simple learned keypoints
Authors: Yao Jianjun , Li Yingzhao 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Weak repeatability is observed in handcrafted keypoints, leading to tracking failures in visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems under challenging scenarios such as illumination change, rapid rotation and large angle of view variation. In contrast, learning-based keypoints exhibit higher repetition but entail considerable computational costs. This paper proposes an innovative algorithm for keypoint extraction, aiming to strike an equilibrium between precision and efficiency. This paper aims to attain accurate, robust and versatile visual localization in scenes of formidable complexity.

Design/methodology/approach
SiLK-SLAM initially refines the cutting-edge learning-based extractor, SiLK, and introduces an innovative postprocessing algorithm for keypoint homogenization and operational efficiency. Furthermore, SiLK-SLAM devises a reliable relocalization strategy called PCPnP, leveraging progressive and consistent sampling, thereby bolstering its robustness.

Findings
Empirical evaluations conducted on TUM, KITTI and EuRoC data sets substantiate SiLK-SLAM’s superior localization accuracy compared to ORB-SLAM3 and other methods. Compared to ORB-SLAM3, SiLK-SLAM demonstrates an enhancement in localization accuracy even by 70.99%, 87.20% and 85.27% across the three data sets. The relocalization experiments demonstrate SiLK-SLAM’s capability in producing precise and repeatable keypoints, showcasing its robustness in challenging environments.

Originality/value
The SiLK-SLAM achieves exceedingly elevated localization accuracy and resilience in formidable scenarios, holding paramount importance in enhancing the autonomy of robots navigating intricate environments. Code is available at https://github.com/Pepper-FlavoredChewingGum/SiLK-SLAM.
Exploring barriers and facilitators of different work modalities from employees' perceptions: insights from workers and recommendations for organizations
Authors: Hidalgo Andrade Paula , Paz Clara , Unda-López Alejandro , Osejo-Taco Gabriel , Vinueza-Cabezas Andrea 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis qualitative study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators faced by workers during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Ecuador. It focused on three work modalities: on-site, telework and mixed or hybrid. It also inquired into practical implications for management based on the workers’ experiences.Design/methodology/approachBetween October and December 2021, 41 semistructured interviews were conducted to delve into the experiences of Ecuadorian workers. Thematic content analysis was employed for data charting and analysis.FindingsBarriers and facilitators varied according to each working modality, although some were shared, contingent upon the specific contextual factors and job characteristics. The findings suggest that organizations should consider implementing flexible working hours and modalities, provide safe workspaces, ensure appropriate technology and connectivity, support employees and maintain their health and well-being.Originality/valueThis research explores the experiences of teleworkers, on-site workers and hybrid workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in an under-researched labor market within a developing country. The study provides valuable insights that highlight the potential for management development initiatives specifically tailored to hybrid work environments.
The innovation journey and crossroads of sustainability, resilience and human-centeredness: a systematic literature review
Authors: Afzal Bilal , Li Xiaoni , Hernández-Lara Ana Beatriz 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to undertake a comprehensive analysis of innovation models, tracing their evolution from Innovation 1.0 to Innovation 4.0 and introducing the concept of Innovation 5.0. It explores the intersection between innovation models and the principles of sustainability, resilience and human-centeredness, providing insights into their implications for Industry 5.0, and their potential to foster a resilient ecosystem amidst challenges and multiple crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve this objective, the authors used a systematic literature review approach, considering academic articles on Innovation 4.0, Industry 5.0 (specifically in the context of innovation) and helix models of innovation. The authors conducted thematic analysis and content analysis, followed by keyword co-occurrence analysis, enabling us to systematically synthesize and interpret the relevant literature.

Findings
The results conclude that Innovation 5.0 is a new paradigm for innovation that fosters broader societal engagement, and emphasizes sustainability, resilience and human-centeredness. Innovation 5.0 is evolving, but it has the potential to transform the way we produce, consume and live. Using insights from the sextuple helix model, this research leverages media and ICT as sixth helix vital role of knowledge sharing, digital transformation, innovation ecosystem and next industrial revolution in this process.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on exploring Innovation 5.0 through the sextuple helix model, offering a fresh perspective on innovation models and their collaborative potential. Its contribution lies in providing practical insights into the transition to Innovation 5.0, emphasizing the need for sustainability, regulatory support and awareness while also offering clear recommendations for future research.
Synchrotron μXRF imaging reveals elemental distribution in the nickel hyperaccumulator Odontarrhena muralis (Brassicaceae) from Serbia
Authors: Mišljenović Tomica , Jakovljević Ksenija , Brueckner Dennis , van der Ent Antony 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOdontarrhena muralis (Brassicaceae) is a nickel hyperaccumulator species from the Balkans used as a “metal crop” in nickel phytomining. This study aimed to determine the elemental distribution, focusing on nickel, in fresh‐hydrated plant tissue (stems, leaves and inflorescences), to clarify where nickel is localized at the tissue and cellular scale‐level and to infer the physiological response to its hypertolerance and hyperaccumulation. For the analysis, intact plant organs of O. muralis were subjected to elemental imaging using synchrotron‐based micro‐X‐ray fluorescence (μXRF). The predominant distribution of nickel occurs in the epidermal tissue and at the base of the trichomes, which are also the main sinks for calcium deposition. The obtained results represent a further contribution to the knowledge of the physiological characteristics of this hyperaccumulating “metal crop” species and, consequently, to its application in sustainable metal extraction using phytomining.
Bacterial community shifts occur primarily through rhizosphere expansion in response to subsoil amendments
Authors: Vido Joshua J. , Wang Xiaojuan , Sale Peter W. G. , Celestina Corinne , Shindler Anya E. , Hayden Helen L. , Tang Caixian , Wood Jennifer L. , Franks Ashley E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo comprehensively evaluate the impact of agricultural management practices on soil productivity, it is imperative to conduct a thorough analysis of soil bacterial ecology. Deep‐banding nutrient‐rich amendments is a soil management practice that aims to improve plant growth and soil structure by addressing the plant‐growth constraints posed by dense‐clay subsoils. However, the response of bacterial communities to deep‐banded amendments has not been thoroughly studied. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a controlled‐environment column experiment to examine the effects of different types of soil amendments (poultry litter, wheat straw + chemical fertiliser and chemical fertiliser alone) on bacterial taxonomic composition in simulated dense‐clay subsoils. We evaluated the bacterial taxonomic and ecological group composition in soils beside and below the amendment using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and robust statistical methods. Our results indicate that deep‐banded amendments alter bacterial communities through direct and indirect mechanisms. All amendments directly facilitated a shift in bacterial communities in the absence of growing wheat. However, a combination of amendments with growing wheat led to a more pronounced bacterial community shift which was distinct from and eclipsed the direct impact of the amendments and plants alone. This indirect mechanism was evidenced to be mediated primarily by plant growth and hypothesised to result from an enhancement in wheat root distribution, density and rhizodeposition changes. Therefore, we propose that subsoil amendments regardless of type facilitated an expansion in the rhizosphere which engineered a substantial plant‐mediated bacterial community response within the simulated dense‐clay subsoils. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of considering the complex and synergistic interactions between soil physicochemical properties, plant growth and bacterial communities when assessing agricultural management strategies for improving soil and plant productivity.
Investigation of treatment volume versus circulating blood volume during Rheocarna treatment
Authors: Hoshikawa Yuki , Ohkubo Atsushi , Sakurasawa Takatoshi , Usui Mana , Deushi Masaya , Yamamoto Hiroko , Naito Shotaro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionRheocarna's therapeutic effect is associated with fibrinogen (Fib) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) adsorptive removal. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the association between treatment volume (TV) and circulating blood volume (CBV) and the Fib removal rate (Fib‐RR) and LDL‐C‐RR.MethodsCBV and TV/CBV, cut‐off value (CO value), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were calculated. The Fib‐RR and LDL‐C‐RR at the midterm and end of treatment were compared. The groups were further categorized into three groups with TV/CBV lower than or higher than the CO value at the midterm and end (midterm/end; Group L: lower than/lower than CO; Group L/H: lower than/higher than CO; Group H: higher than/higher than CO), and the Fib‐RR and LDL‐RR of each group at the midterm and end were compared.ResultsROC analysis revealed a TV of 1.480 times the BV as CO value, which showed a maximum Youden index predicting a Fib‐RR of 20% (AUC: 0.828). Among the three groups, Group L and Group L/H demonstrated significantly higher Fib‐RR and LDL‐C‐RR at the end of the study than in the midterm, while Group H exhibited no difference.ConclusionThe results reveal that a treatment volume of 1.5 times the circulating blood volume is a sufficient solute removal capacity in the Rheocarna‐enabled cases.
Association of PD‐L1 expression with driver gene mutations and clinicopathological characteristics in non‐small cell lung cancer: A real‐world study of 10 441 patients
Authors: Ruiz Gonzalo , Enrico Diego , Mahmoud Yamil D. , Ruiz Alan , Cantarella María Florencia , Leguina Laura , Barberis Mariana , Beña Asunción , Brest Esteban , Starapoli Solange , Mendoza Bertelli Andrea , Tsou Florencia , Pupareli Carmen , Coppola María Pía , Scocimarro Alejandra , Sena Susana , Levit Patricio , Perfetti Aldo , Aman Enrique , Girotti María Romina , Arrieta Oscar , Martín Claudio , Salanova Rubén 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundProgrammed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) expression is a well‐known predictive biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is limited evidence of the relationship between PD‐L1 expression, clinicopathological features, and their association with major driver mutations in NSCLC patients in Latin America.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients from Argentina with advanced NSCLC, and centralized evaluation of PD‐L1 expression concurrently with genomic alterations in the driver genes EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, and/or KRAS G12C in FFPE tissue samples.ResultsA total of 10 441 patients with advanced NSCLC were analyzed. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological subtype (71.1%). PD‐L1 expression was categorized as PD‐L1 negative (45.1%), PD‐L1 positive low‐expression 1%–49% (32.3%), and PD‐L1 positive high‐expression ≥50% (22.6%). Notably, current smokers and males were more likely to have tumors with PD‐L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% and ≥ 80% expression, respectively (p < 0.001 and p = 0.013). Tumors with non‐adenocarcinoma histology had a significantly higher median PD‐L1 expression (p < 0.001). Additionally, PD‐L1 in distant nodes was more likely ≥50% (OR 1.60 [95% CI: 1.14–2.25, p < 0.01]). In the multivariate analysis, EGFR‐positive tumors were more commonly associated with PD‐L1 low expression (OR 0.62 [95% CI: 0.51–0.75], p < 0.01), while ALK‐positive tumors had a significant risk of being PD‐L1 positive (OR 1.81 [95% CI: 1.30–2.52], p < 0.01).ConclusionsPD‐L1 expression was associated with well‐defined clinicopathological and genomic features. These findings provide a comprehensive view of the expression of PD‐L1 in patients with advanced NSCLC in a large Latin American cohort.
treats: A modular R package for simulating trees and traits
Authors: Guillerme Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Simulating biological realistic data is an important step to understand and investigate biodiversity. Simulated data can be used to generate null, base line or neutral models. These can be used either in comparison to observed data to estimate the mechanisms that generated the data. Or they can be used to explore, understand and develop theoretical advances by proposing toy models.

In evolutionary biology, simulations often involve the need of an evolutionary process where descent with modification is at the core of how the simulated data are generated. These evolutionary processes can then be nearly infinitely modified to include complex processes that affect the simulations such as traits co‐evolution, competition mechanisms or mass extinction events.

Here I present the treats package, a modular R package for trees and traits simulations. This package is based on a simple birth death algorithm from which all steps can easily be modified by users.

treats also provides a tidy interface through the treats object, allowing users to easily run reproducible simulations. It also comes with an extend manual regularly updated following users' questions or suggestions.
Avoiding unnecessary sentinel lymph node biopsy with the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide mapping agents (Magtrace®) in breast surgery
Authors: Cui Rebecca Bei Jia , Hawes Susan , Azimi Farhad , Chan Belinda , Graham Susannah , Mak Cindy , Seah Jue Li , Warrier Sanjay 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSuperparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) (Magtrace®) is a non‐radioactive liquid tracer that can stay in the sentinel lymph nodes for 30 days. Injection of SPIO at time of primary breast surgery where upfront sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is not immediately indicated allows for a return to theatre if pathology then identifies invasive disease. SLNB is associated with paraesthesia, pain, seroma formation and lymphoedema risk. Hence, our study aims to assess the use of SPIO to avoid upfront SLNB in breast surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and prophylaxis.MethodsRetrospective single‐centre study of consecutive patients who underwent injection of SPIO tracer at time of primary breast surgery to avoid upfront SLNB at Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia over a 10‐month period.ResultsSPIO was injected 38 times, with 34 at time of mastectomy and four cases at time of wide local excision. The indication for surgery was DCIS in 18 cases, risk reduction in 17 cases and other indications in three patients. Six cases (15.8%) required delayed SLNB (D‐SLNB) due to the finding of invasive disease on post‐operative histopathology. All patients who underwent D‐SLNB had nodes successfully localized with SPIO.ConclusionIn our cohort, 84.2% of cases were able to avoid upfront SLNB, and hence avoid the associated complications of SLNB. SPIO injection was successful in localizing the SLN in all cases at time of surgery for D‐SLNB. This technique was safe with few associated complications.
Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs enhance osteogenic activity in vitro by modulating TNF‐α/β‐catenin signaling in bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zeng Zhan‐Peng , Lai Chang‐Rong , Zheng Wei‐Jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe toxic effects of nanoparticles‐silver oxide (Ag2O) limited its use. However, loading Ag2O nanoparticles into titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs) has more efficient biological activity and safety. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its mechanism. The enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the expression of RUNX family transcription factor 2 (Runx2), OPN, OCN in BMSCs were detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. At 14 days of induction, the mineralization ability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of cells in each group were observed by Alizarin Red S staining and ALP staining. In addition, the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and β‐catenin in BMSCs of each group were observed by western blot. After 14 days of the induction, the mineralization ability and ALP activity of BMSCs in the Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs group were significantly enhanced compared with those in the Ag2O and TiO2 groups. Western blot analysis showed that the BMSCs in the Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs group exhibited much lower protein level of TNF‐α and higher protein level of β‐catenin than those in the Ag2O and TiO2 groups.Ag2O‐TiO2‐NTs enhance the osteogenic activity of BMSCs by modulating TNF‐α/β‐catenin signaling.
Do adolescents use choice to learn about their preferences? Development of value refinement and its associations with depressive symptoms in adolescence
Authors: Moses‐Payne M. E. , Lee D. G. , Roiser J. P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIndependent decision making requires forming stable estimates of one's preferences. We assessed whether adolescents learn about their preferences through choice deliberation and whether depressive symptoms disrupt this process. Adolescents aged 11–18 (N = 214; participated 2021–22; Female: 53.9%; White/Black/Asian/Mixed/Arab or Latin American: 26/21/19/9/8%) rated multiple activities, chose between pairs of activities and re‐rated those activities. As expected, overall, participants uprated chosen and downrated unchosen activities (dz = .20). This value refinement through choice was not evident in younger participants but emerged across adolescence. Contrary to our predictions, depressive symptoms were associated with greater value refinement. Despite this, more depressed adolescents reported lower value certainty and choice confidence. The cognitive processes through which choice deliberation shapes preference develop over adolescence, and are disrupted in depression.
Unequal ground: oil booms and income inequality in the USA
Authors: Abdelwahed Loujaina , Campbell Cole 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of oil price and quantity shocks on income inequality in the USA. Using micro income data, we construct measures of pre‐tax money income inequality at the state level for the period 1980–2017. We find that a $10 increase in oil price increases inequality, measured by the ratio of pre‐tax income of the 90th percentile to 10th percentile (p90/p10), by 3.8 percentage points in states with high levels of oil endowments per capita. The increase in capital income to households at the top of the distribution drives the observed change in inequality. In addition to price shocks, we study the impact of quantity shocks that arise from oil discoveries. Quantity shocks have no effect on the overall income distribution.