bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac echo‐differentiation (CED) evaluated with phonocardiography
Authors: Galbo H. , Paulev P. ‐E. , Neumann F. , Pedersen P. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new, standardized, ultrasound cardiographic technique — CED — is evaluated in four healthy subjects during rest and during graded cycling (supine). The myocardial contraction displacement(s) of an easily recognized area of the posterior wall of the left ventricle was recorded (s(t)‐curves). On line differentiators were developed to differentiate the s(t)‐curves, hereby providing the velocity (V̇ = ds/dt) and acceleration (Ä = d2s/dt2) of contraction. The positive velocity period, here called CED systole, was equal to the left ventricular ejection time at rest. The CED systole amounts to approximately 90% of the auscultatory systole at all levels of activity. The positive peak values of the first and second time derivatives of the s(t)‐curves are located almost constantly relative to the CED — and auscultatory — systolic durations at all exercise levels, confirming that the recordings were obtained from the same epicardial area at all examinations in each subject. The positive, peak velocity (V̇1) is possibly a sensitive estimate of the contractility of the superficial myocardial layer. The size of the CED‐variables were correlated with the steady state work rate of each subject. The CED‐examination was practicable evenduringheavy, supine exercise.
Echographic changes with placental ageing
Authors: Winsberg F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter 36 weeks gestation the placenta has a distinct echographic appearance which is characterized by rounded transonic areas measuring 1.5 to 4.5 cm. in diameter. Anatomic and histologic study of seven placentas with this echographic appearance has snown no abnormalities or characteristic findings. The recognition of the mature placenta is of clinical use in the determination of dysmaturity and growth retardation, where a single fetal head measurement may be misleading. The changes in the internal consistency of the placenta are most easily identified with a real‐time, water bath, linear scanner (Siemens Vidoson) but may also be seen with a compound contact scanner if non‐storage recording is employed.
Grey scale echography in the diagnosis of intrahepatic disease
Authors: Taylor K. J. W. , Carpenter D. A. , McCready V. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractConventional signal processing and display of information obtained by ultrasonic scanning results in the loss of low level information which may be diagnostically valuable by demonstrating the internal structure of organs. The use of grey scale echography preserves this information, allowing visualization of the normal tissue patterns and the minimal deviations from these which can indicate early pathology. This technique supplements radioisotope scanning since it has greater resolution. The method may be particularly valuable in evaluating the effect of therapy on liver metastases.
Echocardiographic patterns recorded from a patient with a peripheral arterio‐venous shunt
Authors: Smith Mckamy , Hood William P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe echocardiographic patterns of increased right ventricular dimension and abnormal septal motion were observed in a patient with a large pelvic arterio‐venous (A‐V) shunt and no associated cardiac lesion. Although there was evidence of incomplete closure of the shunt four months after surgery, the right ventricular dimension had returned to normal but abnormal septal motion persisted. While these echocardiographic findings cannot be attributed specifically to the shunt in this patient, such a lesion should be considered in patients with these echocardiographic patterns and no cardiac abnormality.
Ultrasound studies in premature infants after birth
Authors: Grumme TH. , Meese W. , Frommel G. , Tandhavadhana C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween February 1970 and December 1971, 200 premature infants with birth weights of up to 2500 g were examined echoencephalographically within 48 hours of birth. The third ventricle and the brain‐mantle‐index (BMI) were determined. It was statistically proved that with increasing weight, advancing gestational age and growth of head circumference, the width of the third ventricle diminishes. The breadth of the third ventricle in premature infants and so‐called “small‐for‐date‐infants” was found to be essentially the same. An enlarged width of the third ventricle in cases of low birth weight and low gestational age, could possibly represent a physiological phase. BMI and third ventricle correlated closely. Conclusion: The more fully developed the premature infant, the smaller the width of the ventricular system.
Light‐emitting diode device for display of numerical data on any ultrasound oscilloscope
Authors: Skolnick M. Leon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy removing the light emitting diode (LED) chips from a commercial compact calculator and reconnecting the LED chips by cable to the calculator, the author produced an inexpensive device to display numerical data on any ultrasound oscilloscope screen. The chip is clipped to the face of the oscilloscope and photographed as part of the Polaroid or 70mm scan. Eight digits and one symbol can be displayed showing date, patient number, decibel level and position of scan.
Schlieren study of pulsed ultrasound transmission through human skull
Authors: Smith S. W. , Thurstone F. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study has been made of the effects of the human skull on pulsed ultrasound from a diagnostic transducer. Schlieren photographs of ultrasound transmitted through a pediatric skull were made in various directions. Other than attenuation, little effect was observed on the directionality or spatial distribution of the ultrasonic pulses. These observations may be significant in considering the deleterious effects of the skull on imaging intracranial anatomy.
Determination of organ volume by means of ultrasonic B‐mode scanning
Authors: Doust Bruce D. , Baum Janet K. , Maklad Nabil F. , Baum Richard F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe volume of the urinary bladder was measured in 23 nonpregnant females, 18 males and 8 pregnant females—49 patients in all. Measurement of organ volume was accomplished to an accuracy of ± 20% in over 90% of cases in bladders between 40 cc and 800 cc in volume. Multiple parallel B‐mode sections were taken at 1 cm intervals where cross‐sectional area changed slowly, and at intervals of 1/2 cm where cross‐sectional area changed rapidly. The area of each cross section was measured with a polar planimeter, and then multiplied by the distance between adjacent scans to give an approximate estimate of the volume between successive sections. The total of these volumes represents the volume of the organ (planimeter volume). A further increase in accuracy was obtained by applying the regression equation: true volume = 25cc + planimeter volume.The calculated volume was compared with voided urine volume. Patients with residual urine were exlucded. The method does not require the use of computer techniques. In organs where there is significant respiratory motion, such as the liver, the spleen and the kidneys, suspension of respiration in the same phase during each scan is mandatory to achieve an accurate result.
Echocardiographic diagnosis of calcific stenosis of a stented aortic homograft in the mitral position
Authors: Horowitz Michael S. , Goodman Daniel J. , Popp Richard L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEchocardiography was used to diagnose a calcified and stenotic stent‐mounted aortic homograft in the mitral position. Poorly moving intense echoes from the valve leaflets suggested extensive tissue fibrosis and calcification. Markedly reduced diastolic posterior movement of the echoes returning from the stent implied restriction to ventricular filling through a stenotic mitral valve. Hemodynamic, angiographic, and pathologic findings confirmed this ultrasonic diagnosis. The ultrasonic appearance of the normally functioning stented tissue valve in the mitral position and the technique for recording this bioprosthesis are described.
The ultrasonic determination of renal transplant volume
Authors: Bartrum Royal J. , Smith Edward H. , D'orsi Carl J. , Dantono John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour methods are described for calculating the volume of the transplanted kidney from the ultrasonic scan. The first, called an integration method, utilized measurements based on both longitudinal and transverse scans. The other three were based on measurements from a single longitudinal scan. Of the four methods tested, the “integration” procedure is clearly superior to the simpler approximations. Although extremely accurate in vitro, a moderate error is to be expected when in vivo scans are performed. A single ultrasonographer should perform all volume determinations so as to minimize subjective scanning technique differences. Correctly performed, the ultrasonic volume should be within 14% of the true volume at the 95% confidence level.
The ultrasound findings in an obstructed afferent loop
Authors: Hauser J. Bruce , Stanley Robert J. , Geisse Guillermo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe widest application of abdominal ultrasonography is the determination of location and character of abdominal masses. Retroperitoneal, pancreatic, aortic, hepatic and renal masses have been well described (1). We are reporting a case of an obstructed afferent loop visualized by ultrasound.
Ultrasound diagnosis of and cyst puncture guidance for a second unilateral renal cyst
Authors: Darby R. E. , Wayne R. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound has proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of renal masses (1–3). A case is presented in which the kidney echogram demonstrated an additional renal cyst not suspected by intravenous pyelography. Both left renal cysts were punctured with a single insertion of an aspiration needle using A‐mode ultrasound monitoring and simultaneous infusion pyelography for localization of the cysts during the puncture procedure.
A simple technique to determine the extent of abdominal aortic aneurysms on B‐mode sonography
Authors: Anderson Richard D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple technique is presented to evaluate extension of abdominal aortic aneurysms above the level of the renal arteries at sonography. Knowledge of such extension is important because these cases may require a thoroacoabdominal surgical approach. Iliac extension of abdominal aortic aneurysms also may be evaluated by sonography.
Ultrasonic study of venous patterns in the right hypochondrium: An anatomical approach to differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice
Authors: Weill F. , Eisenscher A. , Aucant D. , Bourgoin A. , Gallinet D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThrough real time ultrasonography, it is possible to display the splenic vein, the superior mesenteric vein, the vena porta, and the intrahepatic portal and systemic veins. In jaundice, it is of the utmost importance to carefully identify the vena porta before making a diagnosis of common bile duct enlargement. It is also necessary, when confronted with a pattern of apparently enlarged intrahepatic ducts, to conduct a thorough study of possible confluences of the ducts with the vena porta or vena cava to be certain that the ducts are not part of the portal or systemic venous network. Without such differentiation, portal enlargement caused portal hypertension, systemic venous enlargement caused cardiac insufficiency, or even nonpathological wide veins may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of obstructive jaundice.
A removable ultrasonic collimator for improving resolution
Authors: Yeh En‐Lin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA removable ultrasonic collimator is described. It could be easily attached to a general purpose transducer to improve resolution on ultrasound study of superficial small organs. The collimator is made of a small central focusing lens, 6 mm in diameter, surrounded air. The air insulates the peripheral portion of the transducer surface. Only the central ultrasonic beam would be transmitted through the lens. As a result, the ultrasonic beam is narrowed and the resolution is improved. Draw‐back of the collimator is a reduction in the ultrasound intensity. However, it can be compensated for increasing either the transducer output or system gain.
Ultrasound physics for the physician a brief review
Authors: Carlsen Ernest N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe field of clinical ultrasound has exploded with new instrumentation, and has far surpassed the number of trained personnel available for the sophisticated interpretation required. Many physicians today are being required to become proficient in the field without any formal training. This review is provided to aid the physician in the understanding of the basic physics of ultrasound.
Report of the inter‐society commission for heart disease resources Optimal resources for ultrasonic examination of the heart
Authors: Gramiak Raymond , Fortuin Nicholas J. , King Donald L. , Popp Richard L. , Feigenbaum Harvey 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe echocardiographic examination is described and the current status of ultrasound in cardiac diagnosis is summarized. Planning guidelines are provided for hospital based echocardiography laboratories including resource criteria for professional personnel and training, equipment, space, and support systems. Minimal case loads for maintaining quality performance of the examiner are recommended and various administrative patterns for organizing an echocardiography service are discussed. Approaches for establishing professional fees and emerging applications of diagnostic ultrasound in cardiovascular medicine are briefly reviewed. There is a description of the procedure for conducting an adequate echocardiographic examination in children and adults.
Gray scale compound scan echography of the normal upper abdomen
Authors: Garrett William J. , Kossoff George , Carpenter David A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCompound scanning shows the size, shape, position, and anatomical relationships between the various organs in the upper abdomen. Gray scale compound scanning gives additional information from the parenchyma of organs and allows description of the characteristic ultrasonic appearance of specific tissues such as liver, spleen, or kidney. The method is complementary to simple scanning and for diagnostic work a combination of the two methods is recommended.
Ultrasound as a diagnostic aid in ventral abdominal hernia
Authors: Spangen Leif 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreliminary results are presented of ultrasound investigations in 34 patients with suspected abdominal hernias. All patients were explored surgically on the basis of clinical indications, and the surgical findings were compared with the results of the ultrasound investigation. Small hernias in the anterior abdominal wall (fascia Spigelii and linea alba) can be demonstrated by ultrasound, but there are certain circumstances which can lead to false positive ultrasound results.
Contact B‐scan echographic diagnosis of ophthalmopathic graves' disease
Authors: Hodes Barton L. , Stern George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOphthalmopathic Graves' disease (endocrine ophthalmopathy) is difficult to diagnose with certainty in the absence of confirmatory laboratory studies. In 11 of 15 patients with proven Graves' ophthalmopathy who were studied with contact B‐scan ultra‐sonography, distinct evidence of orbital edema was demonstrated. Since these abnormalities were not encountered in any of eight patients with tumorous invasion of the rbit causing proptosis, or in any of 50 patients studied for intraocular pathology, it is concluded that contact B‐scan echography is a valuable diagnostic tool and should be utilized early in the study of all patients with orbital disease.
A Routine procedure for monitoring clinical ultrasound equipment
Authors: Goldstein Albert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA procedure has been devised for monitoring many critical performance characteristics of clinical ultrasound systems. It is easy to use in a clinical environment and is sufficiently precise to check system consistency or reproducibility. The procedure permits monitoring the system as a whole with enough specificity to locate malfunctioning components. The range response of the system with the beam normal to a planar reflector in distilled water at room temperature is obtained in a single Polaroid image for various control settings. System performance, excluding B mode velocity calibration, display linearity, and position registration, may be routinely monitored with a minimum of measurements. A feasibility test confirmed the method's precision, reproducibility (2%), and ease of performance.
Common artifacts in ultrasound scanning
Authors: Skolnick M. Leon , Meire Hylton B. , Lecky James W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNumerous artifacts can occur during contact B scanning of the abdomen. These artifacts may give anatomically inaccurate scans and thus lead the interpreter into making an inaccurate diagnosis. This paper describes and illustrates artifacts resulting from improper scanning techniques, improperly set gain levels, motion related organ distortion, and acoustic reverberations.
Posterior fossa cyst: Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound
Authors: Lee Timothy G. , Newton Burritt W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUltrasound imaging of congenital anomalies in utero is feasible. Fetal intracranial details of a posterior fossa cyst were demonstrated by sonography. To our knowledge, an ultrasonic antenatal diagnosis of a posterior fossa cyst has not yet been reported.
Echocardiographic features of combined hypertrophic and membranous subvalvular aortic stenosis: A case report
Authors: Krueger Steven K. , Hofschire Philip J. , Forker Alan D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCombined hypertrophic and membranous subvalvular aortic stenosis was detected by echocardiography. The diagnosis was established by the discovery of severe asymmetric septal hypertrophy, a membrane in the left ventricular outflow tract, narrowing of the left ventricular outflow tract, as well as high frequency fluttering and premature systolic closure of the aortic valve leaflets.
Newer ultrasonographic anatomy in the upper abdomen: II. The major systemic veins and arteries with a special note on localization of the pancreas
Authors: Filly Roy A , Carlsen Ernest N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGray scale ultrasonography has made it possible to identify the major systemic arteries and veins in the upper abdomen. Identification of these vascular structures is discussed as well as their value as anatomic landmarks.
Swinging heart syndrome with predominant anterior pericardial effusion
Authors: Krueger Steven K. , Zucker Robert P. , Dzindzio Barry S. , Forker Alan D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 16 year old male with carcinoma of the anterior mediastinum developed pericardial tamponade. An echocardiogram demonstrated a large pericardial effusion with the swinging heart syndrome. The unexpected finding was the predominant anterior location of the effusion.
High frequency oscillations of the pulmonary valve leaflet in double‐chamber right ventricl
Authors: Shaub Michael , Wilson Robert , Young Guillermo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe abnormal pulmonary valve echocardiographic tracing in a patient with a double‐chambered right ventricle is presented. Preoperatively, the posterior pulmonary valve leaflet demonstrated a partial closure in systole, followed by coarse fluttering of the leaflet. The postoperative echocardiographic tracing of the pulmonary valve was normal. It is suggested that an obstructive process proximal to either semilunar valve which converts laminar flow to turbulent flow is capable of producing a similar pattern in the leaflets during ventricular ejection.
A new technique utilizing ultrasound to aid in intrauterine transfusion
Authors: Hobbins John C. , Davis Clarence D. , Webster John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new technique is described which utilizes ultrasound to diminish fetal exposure to x ray during intrauterine transfusion. In replacing x ray imagery, ultrasound better localizes the exact position of the intrauterine contents, including the vital fetal intraabdominal structures. Using an A mode needle aspiration transducer, it is possible to guide the tip of the transfusing needle into the center of the fetal intraperitoneal cavity.
Technique for dual transducer echocardiography
Authors: Rothendler James A. , King Donald L. , Green William M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCircuitry for simultaneous recording from dual transducers on a single echocardiogram is presented. The technique may be used to compare the motion pattern and time intervals of separate intracardiac structures. The technique may be difficult, is limited by the size of the cardiac window, and may be most useful for research purposes.
Digital computer analysis of M‐scan echocardiograms
Authors: Pai A. L. , Cahill N. S. , DuBroff R. J. , Fozzard H. A. , Brooks H. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the past few years, echocardiography has emerged as a useful noninvasive clinical tool in cardiac diagnosis. Conventional methods for analyzing echocardiographic data involve time consuming and tedious manual techniques for measuring various distances and computing cardiac parameters of interest. This paper describes a useful method for automating the analysis of M scan echocardiograms both for routine clinical work as well as for special research oriented ultrasonic cardiac studies.Using a GRAF/PEN digitizer interfaced t o a PDP‐11 minicomputer system, relevant points of the ventricular and mitral valve interfaces, R‐R intervals, and time and distance calibration points are entered from hard copies of M scan echocardiograms. The computer then determines all the parameters of interest such as left ventricular (LV) diameters, LV volumes, LV mass, ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, septa1 and posterior wall dynamics, as well as such mitral valve (MV) parameters as opening/closing velocities, excursions, and areas subtended by both MV leaflets. The data and results are stored on disc or tape and a report of the results is immediately available from a printer for incorporation into the patient's record file.
Echographic patterns of malignant lymphoma
Authors: Kobayashi Toshiji , Takatani Osamu , Kimura Kiyoji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractContact B mode ultrasound was used to evaluate 53 patients with malignant lymphoma stages III and IV. The echographic characteristics of retroperitoneal involvement by these lesions were evaluated to establish diagnostic criteria. This method can be used also to evaluate regression of retroperitoneal tumor involvement of paravertebral or paraaortic lymph nodes during anticancer chemotherapy.
Differences in the attenuation of ultrasound by normal, benign, and malignant breast tissue
Authors: Calderon C. , Vilkomerson D. , Mezrich R. , Etzold K. F. , Kingsley B. , Haskin M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn quantitative measurements of the attenuation of ultrasound in 18 samples of variously normal, benign, and malignant breast tissue, we found significantly different ranges of attenuation. As observed in previous in vivo studies, with the exception of medullary carcinoma, malignant tissue produces the most attentuation of ultrasound in the frequency range of 1.5 to 3.0 MHz we employed. The apparatus, measurement method, results, and the possible causes of the differences in attenuation are presented.
Ultrasonic diagnosis of liver metastases
Authors: McArdle Colin R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one patients were investigated with ultrasound for the diagnosis of liver metastases. The most common specific appearnces of liver metastases encountered in this series were echogenic nodules and transsonic areas within an echogenic parenchyma. Nonspecific signs include hepatomegaly, distortion of the hepatic outline and alteration of the normal liver architecture. The results of this study suggest that the accuracy of this method of identifying liver metastases may be high.