bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mood and anxiety disorders in females with the FMR1 premutation
Authors: Roberts Jane E. , Bailey Donald B. , Mankowski Jean , Ford Amy , Sideris John , Weisenfeld Leigh Anne , Heath T. Morgan , Golden Robert N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is a model for studying the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to psychiatric disorders in mothers of children with disabilities. Here, we examine the frequency and predictors of mood and anxiety disorders in mothers with the FMR1 premutation. Ninety‐three females with the FMR1 premutation were in the study and were compared to 2,159 women from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS‐R) dataset. Mood and anxiety disorders were assessed using the SCID‐I. Our data reflect elevated lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD), lifetime panic disorder without agoraphobia and current agoraphobia without panic disorder in the FMR1 premutation sample. Also, we found a low frequency of lifetime social phobia, specific phobia, and post‐traumatic stress disorders and current specific phobia in the FMR1 premutation sample. The profile of MDD in the FMR1 premutation sample was not episodic or comorbid with an anxiety disorder, as in the NCS‐R dataset. Never having been married and smaller CGG repeat length were associated with increased likelihood of MDD while increased children with FXS in the family and greater child problem behaviors were associated with increased likelihood of an anxiety disorder in the FMR 1 premutation group. Major depression in females with the FMR1 premutation may not be characterized as an episodically chronic recurrent disorder as it is in community samples and may have a genetic basis given the relationship with CGG repeat length and lack of association with all child and most demographic factors. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopamine transporter polymorphism modulates oculomotor function and DAT1 mRNA expression in schizophrenia
Authors: Wonodi Ikwunga , Hong L. Elliot , Stine O. Colin , Mitchell Braxton D. , Elliott Amie , Roberts Rosalinda C. , Conley Robert R. , McMahon Robert P. , Thaker Gunvant K. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractSmooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) deficit is an established schizophrenia endophenotype with a similar neurocognitive construct to working memory. Frontal eye field (FEF) neurons controlling SPEM maintain firing when visual sensory information is removed, and their firing rates directly correlate with SPEM velocity. We previously demonstrated a paradoxical association between a functional polymorphism of dopamine signaling (COMTgene) and SPEM. Recent evidence implicates the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) in modulating cortical dopamine and associated neurocognitive functions. We hypothesized thatDAT110/10 genotype, which reduces dopamine transporter expression and increases extracellular dopamine, would affect SPEM. We examined the effects ofDAT1genotype on: Clinical diagnosis in the study sample (n = 418; 190 with schizophrenia), SPEM measures in a subgroup with completed oculomotor measures (n = 200; 87 schizophrenia), andDAT1gene expression in FEF tissue obtained from postmortem brain samples (n = 32; 16 schizophrenia).DAT1genotype was not associated with schizophrenia.DAT110/10 genotype was associated with better SPEM in healthy controls, intermediate SPEM in unaffected first‐degree relatives of schizophrenia subjects, and worse SPEM in schizophrenia subjects. In the gene expression study,DAT110/10 genotype was associated with significantly reducedDAT1mRNA transcript in FEF tissue from healthy control donors (P < 0.05), but higher expression in schizophrenia donors. Findings suggest regulatory effects of another gene(s) or etiological factor in schizophrenia, which modulateDAT1gene function. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent adaptive selection at MAOB and ancestral susceptibility to schizophrenia
Authors: Carrera Noa , Sanjuán Julio , Moltó María Dolores , Carracedo Ángel , Costas Javier 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe ancestral susceptibility hypothesis has been proposed to explain the existence of susceptibility alleles to common diseases. Some ancestral alleles, reflecting ancient adaptations, may be poorly adapted to the more contemporary environmental conditions giving rise to an increased risk to suffer some common disorders. In order to test this hypothesis in schizophrenia, we focused on the monoamine oxidase B gene (MAOB). This gene is involved in deamination of several monoamines, including both xenobiotic amines present in several foods, as well as neurotransmitters such as dopamine. In addition, preliminary analysis based on phase I HapMap data suggested that recent natural selection has acted on this locus. We further explored the existence of this recent positive selection using a test based on extension of linkage disequilibrium (LD) to large distance at the specific selected haplotype taking data from HapMap phase II, and searched for association of the ancestral haplotypes with schizophrenia in a sample of 532 schizophrenic patients and 597 controls from Spain. Our analysis suggested the existence of a haplotype of MAOB subject to recent selection. In agreement with the ancestral susceptibility hypothesis, the ancestral haplotypes were significantly over‐represented in patients (P = 0.047). These haplotypes conferred an increased risk to schizophrenia, restricted to males (P = 0.024, OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.01–1.90). Thus, pending on replication studies, MAOB seems to fit the ancestral susceptibility model, validating a new strategy to search for common schizophrenia susceptibility genes by focusing in those functional candidate genes subject to recent positive selection. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of polymerization conditions on the viscosity and yield of poly(phenylene sulfide ether)
Authors: Gu Aiqun , Yu Zili , Li Yubao 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHigh molecular weight poly(phenylene sulfide ether) (PPSE) was successfully synthesized by reaction of 4,4′‐dihydroxy diphenyl sulfide with 4,4′‐dichloro diphenyl sulfide in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP). The influence of polymerization conditions on the intrinsic viscosity and yield of PPSE was investigated and the optimized reaction condition was concluded. Reactions at about 180°C for 6 h along with sodium benzoate as an additive and monomer concentration of 0.588 mol/L NMP were found to produce the highest intrinsic viscosity (0.55 dL/g). Longer reaction time and/or higher temperature reduced the intrinsic viscosity and yield of the resulting product, probably due to side reactions, such as reductive dehalogenation and chemical degradation. X‐ray diffraction indicated that the polymer possessed of orthorhombic cell and had a high crystallinity of 65.8%. The high molecular weight PPSE is a crystalline polymer with Tm of 252°C and Tmc of 224°C. The polymer shows good chemical resistance, but is soluble in organic amide, halo‐hydrocarbon and oxohydrocarbon solvent at a temperature over 150°C. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Preparation and characterization of lithium‐8‐hydroxyquinolate‐containing quaternary ammonium copolymers and their electrostatic layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly
Authors: Yu Dengbin , Zhang Chuanzhi , Wang Xu , Jiang Chunxia , Xiong Ting , Meng Wenqing , Liu Chen , Chen Deben , Zhong Anyong 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe lithium‐8‐hydroxyquinolate functionalized polycation copolymers with quaternary ammonium‐type linkage have been prepared by reaction of 5‐chloromethyl‐8‐quinolinol hydrochloride (CHQ) with the copolymer (CPA) of methacrylic ester and 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DM), followed by metalation with lithium. Two kinds of copolymers with each containing 9.69 and 16.29 wt % of the DM content (CPA1 and CPA2) were involved in the study. The structures of these polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared techniques and gel permeation chromatography. The multilayer films were prepared by alternate electrostatic layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly (ESA) of CPA with polyanion electrolyte. The UV–vis and fluorescence spectra of the films showed a red shift compared to those in tetrahydrofuran solutions. The intensity in UV–vis increased and that of fluorescence decreased linearly with the number of film layers. Atom force microscope (AFM) results of the multilayer films demonstrated presence of compact films on the surface after chelating metal ions. The experimental results indicated that these kinds of materials have applied potential in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Rigidity and persistence for ensuring shape maintenance of multi‐agent meta‐formations
Authors: Hendrickx Julien M. , Yu Changbin , Fidan Barış , Anderson Brian D. O. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis paper treats the problem of merging formations, where the underlying model of a formation is graphical. We first analyze the rigidity and persistence of meta‐formations, which are formations obtained by connecting several rigid or persistent formations. Persistence is a generalization to directed graphs of the undirected notion of rigidity. In the context of moving autonomous agent formations, persistence characterizes the efficacy of a directed structure of unilateral distance constraints seeking to preserve a formation shape. We derive then, for agents evolving in a two‐ or three‐dimensional space, the conditions under which a set of persistent formations can be merged into a persistent meta‐formation, and give the minimal number of interconnections needed for such a merging. We also give conditions for a meta‐formation obtained by merging several persistent formations to be persistent. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Two decentralized heading consensus algorithms for nonlinear multi‐agent systems
Authors: Li Qin , Jiang Zhong‐Ping 
Published: June 2008

AbstractInspired by Vicsek's model, in this paper we propose two decentralized heading consensus algorithms for nonlinear multi‐agent systems. The first algorithm, called WHCA, can be seen as a weighted Vicsek's model. The second algorithm, named LBHCA, is a leader‐follower strategy based on the WHCA. It is proved that, under a well‐known connectivity assumption, the algorithm WHCA can ensure almost global consensus of the headings, except for the situation where they are initially balanced. For the LBHCA, the global heading consensus is guaranteed under the same connectivity assumption. Simulation results are provided to justify the proposed algorithms. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Permeable reactive biobarriers for in situ Cr(VI) reduction: Bench scale tests using Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6
Authors: Viamajala Sridhar , Peyton Brent M. , Gerlach Robin , Sivaswamy Vaideeswaran , Apel William A. , Petersen James N. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChromate (Cr(VI)) reduction studies were performed in bench scale flow columns using the fermentative subsurface isolate Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6. In these tests, columns packed with either quartz sand or hydrous ferric oxide (HFO)‐coated quartz sand, were inoculated with strain ES6 and fed nutrients to stimulate growth before nutrient‐free Cr(VI) solutions were injected. Results show that in columns containing quartz sand, a continuous inflow of 2 mg/L Cr(VI) was reduced to below detection limits in the effluent for durations of up to 5.7 residence times after nutrient injection was discontinued proving the ability of strain ES6 to reduce chromate in the absence of an external electron donor. In the HFO‐containing columns, Cr(VI) reduction was significantly prolonged and effluent Cr(VI) concentrations remained below detectable levels for periods of up to 66 residence times after nutrient injection was discontinued. Fe was detected in the effluent of the HFO‐containing columns throughout the period of Cr(VI) removal indicating that the insoluble Fe(III) bearing solids were being continuously reduced to form soluble Fe(II) resulting in prolonged abiotic Cr(VI) reduction. Thus, growth of Cellulomonas within the soil columns resulted in formation of permeable reactive barriers that could reduce Cr(VI) and Fe(III) for extended periods even in the absence of external electron donors. Other bioremediation systems employing Fe(II)‐mediated reactions require a continuous presence of external nutrients to regenerate Fe(II). After depletion of nutrients, contaminant removal within these systems occurs by reaction with surface‐associated Fe(II) that can rapidly become inaccessible due to formation of crystalline Fe‐minerals or other precipitates. The ability of fermentative organisms like Cellulomonas to reduce metals without continuous nutrient supply in the subsurface offers a viable and economical alternative technology for in situ remediation of Cr(VI)‐contaminated groundwater through formation of permeable reactive biobarriers (PRBB). © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
VA telemental health: Suicide assessment
Authors: Godleski Linda , Nieves J. Edwin , Darkins Adam , Lehmann Laurent 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) encompasses one of the largest telemental health networks in the world, with over 45,000 videoconferencing and over 5,000 home telemental health encounters annually. Recently, the VA designated suicide prevention as a major priority, with telehealth modalities providing opportunities for remote interventions. Suicide risk assessments, using videoconferencing, are now documented in the literature, as are current studies that find telemental health to be equivalent to face‐to‐face treatment.Remote assessment of suicidality, however, involves complex legal issues: licensing requirements for remote delivery of care, legal procedures for involuntary detainment and commitment of potentially harmful patients, and liability questions related to the remote nature of the mental health service. VA best practices for remote suicide risk assessment include paradigms for establishing procedures in the context of legal challenges (licensing and involuntary detainment/commitment), for utilizing clinical assessment and triage decision protocols, and for contingency planning to optimize patient care and reduce liability. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Telepsychiatry in Chennai, India: The SCARF experience
Authors: Thara Rangaswamy , John Sujit , Rao Kotteswara 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIndia, with its huge population and limited mental health resources, must find alternative ways of delivering its mental healthcare services. Telepsychiatry seems to be a promising option even with no regulatory authority in place or specific laws in India that deal with telemedicine practice, there has been a mushrooming of telemedicine services in India. Healthy cooperation between government organizations such as the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and institutions in the non‐government and private sectors is another key feature in India.The experience of the Schizophrenia Research Foundation (SCARF), at Chennai, in South India, in running and establishing a telepsychiatry network is presented in this article. We identified the following tasks as essential to ensure an efficient intervention using telemedicine: identifying a suitable technology, a suitable location, and a local collaborator; providing training and creating awareness; establishing peripheral telepsychiatry centers and ensuring case documentation; and accountability. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐phase analysis framework for handling batch process data
Authors: Camacho José , Picó Jesús , Ferrer Alberto 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPrincipal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) are bilinear modelling tools which have been successfully applied to three‐way batch process data for monitoring and quality prediction. Most modelling approaches in the literature are based on a fixed model structure. The approach proposed in this paper, named the Multi‐phase (MP) analysis framework, provides the flexibility to adjust the model structure to the dynamic nature of the process under study. The existence of several phases, with dynamics of different order and changes in the correlation structure amongc variables, is effectively identified. This adjustment of the model structure to the features of the process yields performance improvements in several applications, such as the on‐line monitoring and final quality prediction, as shown when comparing the MP models with various well‐established modelling approaches. Also, the MP approach provides a set of valuable tools for process understanding and data handling. Data from two processes, a fermentation process and a waste‐water treatment process, are used to illustrate the capabilities of the proposed modelling framework. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A classical dataset from Williams, and its role in the study of supersaturated designs
Authors: Sundberg Rolf 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA Plackett‐Burman type dataset from a paper by Williams [1], with 28 observations and 24 two‐level factors, has become a standard dataset for illustrating construction (by halving) of supersaturated designs (SSDs) and for a corresponding data analysis. The aim here is to point out that for several reasons this is an unfortunate situation. The original paper by Williams contains several errors and misprints. Some are in the design matrix, which will here be reconstructed, but worse is an outlier in the response values, which can be observed when data are plotted against the dominating factor. In addition, the data should better be analysed on log‐scale than on original scale. The implications of the outlier for SSD analysis are drastic, and it will be concluded that the data should be used for this purpose only if the outlier is properly treated (omitted or modified). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of Hopping Transport in Long Oligothiophenes and Oligoselenophenes: Dependence of Reorganization Energy on Chain Length
Authors: Zade Sanjio S. , Bendikov Michael 
Published: June 2008

AbstractInternal reorganization energies for self‐exchange hole‐transfer process were calculated at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level of theory for a series of oligothiophenes and oligoselenophenes up to the 50‐mers. This is the first study of reorganization energy in very long π‐conjugated systems. We observed a linear correlation between reorganization energy and the reciprocal chain length for these long π‐conjugated heterocyclic oligomers, which can be explained by the changes in bond length that occur between the neutral and cation radical species and by the charge distribution in the cation radicals. In contrast to the saturation behavior observed for the HOMO–LUMO gaps of long π‐conjugated heterocyclic oligomers, the reorganization energy does not show saturation behavior for any length of the oligomers in this study, even up to the 50‐mers. Interestingly, the reorganization energy approaches zero for infinite numbers of oligomer units (at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level of theory), that is, for polythiophene and polyselenophene. The absolute values of the reorganization energies of oligoselenophenes, and the changes that occur in those energies with chain length, are similar to those found for oligothiophenes.
p‐Phenyleneethynylene Molecular Wires: Influence of Structure on Photoinduced Electron‐Transfer Properties
Authors: Wielopolski Mateusz , Atienza Carmen , Clark Timothy , Guldi Dirk M. , Martín Nazario 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA series of donor–acceptor arrays (exTTF–oPPE–C60) containing π‐conjugated oligo(phenyleneethynylene) wires (oPPE) of different length between π‐extended tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF) as electron donor and fullerene (C60) as electron acceptor has been prepared by following a convergent synthesis. The key reaction in these approaches is the bromo–iodo selectivity of the Hagihara–Sonogashira reaction and the deprotecting of acetylenes with different silyl groups to afford the corresponding donor–acceptor conjugates in moderate yields. The electronic interactions between the three electroactive species were determined by using UV‐visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Our studies clearly confirm that, although the C60 units are connected to the exTTF donor through π‐conjugated oPPE frameworks, no significant electronic interactions are observed in the ground state. Theoretical calculations predict how a simple exchange from CC double bonds (i.e., oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) to CC triple bonds (i.e., oPPE) in the electron donor–acceptor conjugates considerably alters long‐range electron transfer. Photoexcitation of exTTF–oPPE–C60 leads to the following features: a transient photoproduct with maxima at 660 and 1000 nm, which are unambiguously attributed to the photolytically generated radical‐ion‐pair state, [exTTF.+–oPPE–C60.−]. Both charge‐separation and charge‐recombination processes give rise to a molecular‐wire behaviour of the oPPE moiety with an attenuation factor (β) of (0.2±0.05) Å−1.
The Design of Polyvalent Therapeutics
Authors: Joshi Amit , Vance David , Rai Prakash , Thiyagarajan Aditya , Kane Ravi S. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis article reviews recent developments in the design of polyvalent ligands for in vivo applications. Topics discussed include the design of polyvalent inhibitors of toxins and viruses, the use of polyvalency for targeted drug delivery and imaging, and applications of polyvalency for enhancing or suppressing immune responses.
A Fluorescent‐Switch‐Based Computing Platform in Defending Information Risk
Authors: Sun Wei , Zhou Can , Xu Chun‐Hu , Fang Chen‐Jie , Zhang Chao , Li Zhan‐Xian , Yan Chun‐Hua 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA molecular computing platform to defend against illegal information theft and invasion is obtained by the rational control of chemical reaction sequences in a newly prepared multiswitchable fluorophore 2‐(4‐aminophenylethylyl)‐5‐methoxy‐2‐(2‐pyridyl)thiazole. Some of the fluorescent states with distinct recognition features are only activated through input‐sequence‐sensitive conversions. Chemically encoded user identity information can then be transmitted from a sequential logic unit to a combinational logic circuit, and hence, result in user‐specific digital functionalities. The user's password entry is authorized prior to each computing step to check not only the user's identity, but also to reconfigure the molecular platform from the standby state to the corresponding operational state. Illegal accesses to the molecular computing platform are unable to activate the operation of the trusted users due to the incorrect activation processes, thereby ensuring the information is secured against information invasions.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of CuFe2InSe4 from X‐Ray Powder Diffraction
Authors: Delgado G. E. , Mora A. J. , Grima‐Gallardo P. , Quintero M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Temperature Ferromagnetism and Tunable Semiconductivity of (Ba, Sr)M2.+‐.xRu4.+‐. xO11 (M: Fe, Co): A New Paradigm for Spintronics.
Authors: Shlyk Larysa , Kryukov Sergiy , Schuepp‐Niewa Barbara , Niewa Rainer , De Long Lance E. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.