bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epithelial MAPK signaling directs endothelial NRF2 signaling and IL-8 secretion in a tri-culture model of the alveolar-microvascular interface following diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) exposure
Authors: Vitucci Eva C. M. , Simmons Alysha E. , Martin Elizabeth M. , McCullough Shaun D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) deposition in the lung’s alveolar capillary region (ACR) is significantly associated with respiratory disease development, yet the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Adverse responses that promote respiratory disease development involve orchestrated, intercellular signaling between multiple cell types within the ACR. We investigated the molecular mechanisms elicited in response to PM2.5 deposition in the ACR, in an in vitro model that enables intercellular communication between multiple resident cell types of the ACR.

Methods
An in vitro, tri-culture model of the ACR, incorporating alveolar-like epithelial cells (NCI-H441), pulmonary fibroblasts (IMR90), and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HULEC) was developed to investigate cell type-specific molecular responses to a PM2.5 exposure in an in-vivo-like model. This tri-culture in vitro model was termed the alveolar capillary region exposure (ACRE) model. Alveolar epithelial cells in the ACRE model were exposed to a suspension of diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) (20 µg/cm2) with an average diameter of 2.5 µm. Alveolar epithelial barrier formation, and transcriptional and protein expression alterations in the directly exposed alveolar epithelial and the underlying endothelial cells were investigated over a 24 h DEP exposure.

Results
Alveolar epithelial barrier formation was not perturbed by the 24 h DEP exposure. Despite no alteration in barrier formation, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial DEP exposure induces transcriptional and protein changes in both the alveolar epithelial cells and the underlying microvascular endothelial cells. Specifically, we show that the underlying microvascular endothelial cells develop redox dysfunction and increase proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial MAPK signaling modulates the activation of NRF2 and IL-8 secretion in the underlying microvascular endothelial cells.

Conclusions
Endothelial redox dysfunction and increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion are two common events in respiratory disease development. These findings highlight new, cell-type specific roles of the alveolar epithelium and microvascular endothelium in the ACR in respiratory disease development following PM2.5 exposure. Ultimately, these data expand our current understanding of respiratory disease development following particle exposures and illustrate the utility of multicellular in vitro systems for investigating respiratory tract health.
Comparative effectiveness of implementation strategies for Accelerating Cervical Cancer Elimination through the integration of Screen-and-treat Services (ACCESS study): protocol for a cluster randomized hybrid type III trial in Nigeria
Authors: Olakunde Babayemi O. , Itanyi Ijeoma U. , Olawepo John O. , Liu Lin , Bembir Chinenye , Idemili-Aronu Ngozi , Lasebikan Nwamaka N. , Onyeka Tonia C. , Dim Cyril C. , Chigbu Chibuike O. , Ezeanolue Echezona E. , Aarons Gregory A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the increased risk of cervical cancer (CC) among women living with HIV (WLHIV), CC screening and treatment (CCST) rates remain low in Africa. The integration of CCST services into established HIV programs in Africa can improve CC prevention and control. However, the paucity of evidence on effective implementation strategies (IS) has limited the success of integration in many countries. In this study, we seek to identify effective IS to enhance the integration of CCST services into existing HIV programs in Nigeria.

Methods
Our proposed study has formative and experimental activities across the four phases of the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) framework. Through an implementation mapping conducted with stakeholders in the exploration phase, we identified a core package of IS (Core) and an enhanced package of IS (Core+) mostly selected from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change. In the preparation phase, we refined and tailored the Core and Core+ IS with the implementation resource teams for local appropriateness. In the implementation phase, we will conduct a cluster-randomized hybrid type III trial to assess the comparative effectiveness of Core versus Core+. HIV comprehensive treatment sites (k = 12) will be matched by region and randomized to Core or Core+ in the ratio of 1:1 stratified by region. In the sustainment phase, we will assess the sustainment of CCST at each site. The study outcomes will be assessed using RE-AIM: reach (screening rate), adoption (uptake of IS by study sites), IS fidelity (degree to which the IS occurred according to protocol), clinical intervention fidelity (delivery of CC screening, onsite treatment, and referral according to protocol), clinical effectiveness (posttreatment screen negative), and sustainment (continued integrated CCST service delivery). Additionally, we will descriptively explore potential mechanisms, including organizational readiness, implementation climate, CCST self-efficacy, and implementation intentions.

Discussion
The assessment of IS to increase CCST rates is consistent with the global plan of eliminating CC as a public health threat by 2030. Our study will identify a set of evidence-based IS for low-income settings to integrate evidence-based CCST interventions into routine HIV care in order to improve the health and life expectancy of WLHIV.

Trial registration
Prospectively registered on November 7, 2023, at ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT06128304. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT06128304
Temporary pacing following cardiac surgery – a reference guide for surgical teams
Authors: Waqanivavalagi Steve W F R 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTemporary pacing wires are often used following cardiac surgery to optimise the heart rhythm. Although setting and checking temporary pacemakers is typically undertaken by anaesthetists, intensivists, and nursing staff who care for post-cardiac surgical patients, almost all patients with temporary pacing wires are transferred to the ward with the pacing wires left in situ, where surgical, often junior, staff become responsible for temporary pacing wire management. Thus, knowledge is required not only of temporary pacing wire indications, types, and positioning at surgery, but also of practical skills in performing a pacing check, setting the pacemaker, and troubleshooting common problems. The available literature targets clinicians well-versed in temporary pacing wire management. However, this paper provides a practical ‘how to’ for surgical staff managing temporary pacing wires in a non-critical care environment.
Methodological advances in patient-centered rare disease research: the UTHealth Houston Turner Syndrome Society of the United States research registry
Authors: Mansoorshahi Sara , Scurlock Cindy , Research Registry Scientific Advisory Board of the Tu , Prakash Siddharth K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Many different clinical specialists provide care to patients with Turner syndrome (TS), who have highly variable clinical manifestations. Therefore, a national TS registry is essential to inform a cohesive approach to healthcare and research. In 2015, the Turner Syndrome Society of the United States (TSSUS) created the Turner Syndrome Research Registry (TSRR) to engage directly with community participants who voluntarily provide longitudinal data about their experiences with TS. TSRR projects are collaborative partnerships between people with TS, TSSUS, and researchers.

Results
To ensure that registry workflows conform to the data privacy choices of participants, TSSUS collaborated with UTHealth Houston in 2021 to create a new version of the TSRR that completely separates participant health data (stored at UTHealth) and personal identifiers (maintained at TSSUS). We developed an innovative Visual Basic (VB) script that, when embedded into Microsoft Outlook, redirects REDCap surveys through TSSUS to participants by matching registry IDs to participant email addresses. Additionally, the utilization of REDCap allows for portability of data as it is an open source platform.

Conclusion
In this report, we will highlight three recent changes that more closely align the TSRR with this mission: a unique and equal collaborative partnership between UTHealth and TSSUS, an open-source platform, REDCap, that ensures data portability and compatibility across institutions, and an innovative survey routing system that retains participant confidentiality without sacrificing REDCap survey distribution capabilities to connect researchers with thousands of participants.
The diagnostic accuracy of cardiac ultrasound for acute myocardial ischemia in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zarama Virginia , Arango-Granados María Camila , Manzano-Nunez Ramiro , Sheppard James P. , Roberts Nia , Plüddemann Annette 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundChest pain is responsible for millions of visits to the emergency department (ED) annually. Cardiac ultrasound can detect ischemic changes, but varying accuracy estimates have been reported in previous studies. We synthetized the available evidence to yield more precise estimates of the accuracy of cardiac ultrasound for acute myocardial ischemia in patients with chest pain in the ED and to assess the effect of different clinical characteristics on test accuracy.MethodsA systematic search for studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of cardiac ultrasound for myocardial ischemia in the ED was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, two trial registries and supplementary methods, from inception to December 6th, 2022. Prospective cohort, cross-sectional, case–control studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included data on diagnostic accuracy were included. Risk of bias was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool and a bivariate hierarchical model was used for meta-analysis with paired Forest and SROC plots used to present the results. Subgroup analyses was conducted on clinically relevant factors.ResultsTwenty-nine studies were included, with 5043 patients. The overall summary sensitivity was 79.3% (95%CI 69.0–86.8%) and specificity was 87.3% (95%CI 79.9–92.2%), with substantial heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses showed increased sensitivity in studies where ultrasound was conducted at ED admission and increased specificity in studies that excluded patients with previous heart disease, when the target condition was acute coronary syndrome, or when final chart review was used as the reference standard. There was very low certainty in the results based on serious risk of bias and indirectness in most studies.ConclusionsCardiac ultrasound may have a potential role in the diagnostic pathway of myocardial ischemia in the ED; however, a pooled accuracy must be interpreted cautiously given substantial heterogeneity and that important patient and test characteristics affect its diagnostic performance.Protocol Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42023392058).
Measuring the Effect of the Early assessment Team (MEET) for patients referred to outpatient mental health care: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kvestad Camilla Angelsen , Holte Ingvild Rønneberg , Reitan Solveig Klæbo , Chiappa Charlotte S. , Helle Gunn Karin , Skjervold Anne E. , Rosenlund Anne Marit A. , Watne Øyvind , Brattland Heidi , Helle Jon , Follestad Turid , Hara Karen Walseth , Holgersen Katrine Høyer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Referrals to specialised mental health care (such as community mental health centres; CMHC) have increased over the last two decades. Patients often have multifaceted problems, which cannot only be solved by such care. Resources are limited, and triaging is challenging. A novel method which approaches patients early and individually upon referral to a CMHC—possibly with a brief intervention—is an Early assessment Team (EaT). In an EaT, two therapists meet the patient early in the process and seek to solve the present problem, often involving community services, primary health care, etc.; attention is paid to symptoms and functional strife, rather than diagnoses. This is in contrast to treatment as usual (TAU), where the patient (after being on a waiting list) meets one therapist, who focuses on history and situation to assign a diagnosis and eventually start a longitudinal treatment. The aim of this study is to describe and compare EaT and TAU regarding such outcomes as work and social adjustment, mental health, quality of life, use of health services, and patient satisfaction. The primary outcome is a change in perceived function from baseline to 12-month follow-up, measured by the Work and Social Adjustment Scale.

Method
Patients (18 years and above; n = 588) referred to outpatient health care at a CMHC are randomised to EaT or TAU. Measures (patient self-reports and clinician reports, patients’ records, and register data) are collected at baseline, after the first and last meeting, and at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 months after inclusion. Some participants will be invited to participate in qualitative interviews.

Trial design
The study is a single-centre, non-blinded, RCT with two conditions involving a longitudinal and mixed design (quantitative and qualitative data).

Discussion
This study will examine an intervention designed to determine early on which patients will benefit from parallel or other measures than assessment and treatment in CMHC and whether these will facilitate their recovery. Findings may potentially contribute to the development of the organisation of mental health services.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05087446. Registered on 21 October 2021.
A case–control study of the association between the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: exploring the roles of diet, stress, and race
Authors: Carson Tiffany L. , Byrd Doratha A. , Smith Kristen S. , Carter Daniel , Gomez Maria , Abaskaron Michael , Little Rebecca B. , Holmes Sh’Nese Townsend , van Der Pol William J. , Lefkowitz Elliot J. , Morrow Casey D. , Fruge Andrew D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The gut microbiota is associated with risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), a chronic disease for which racial disparities persist with Black Americans having a higher risk of CRC incidence and mortality compared to other groups. Given documented racial differences, the gut microbiota may offer some insight into previously unexplained racial disparities in CRC incidence and mortality. A case–control analysis comparing 11 women newly diagnosed with CRC with 22 cancer-free women matched on age, BMI, and race in a 1:2 ratio was conducted. Information about participants’ diet and perceived stress levels were obtained via 24-h Dietary Recall and Perceived Stress Scale-10 survey, respectively. Participants provided stool samples from which microbial genomic DNA was extracted to reveal the abundance of 26 genera chosen a priori based on their previously observed relevance to CRC, anxiety symptoms, and diet.

Results
Significantly lower alpha diversity was observed among cancer-free Black women compared to all other race-cancer status combinations. No group differences were observed when comparing beta diversity. Non-Hispanic White CRC cases tended to have higher relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Gemellaceae, and Peptostreptococcus compared to all other race-cancer combination groups. Perceived stress was inversely associated with alpha diversity and was associated with additional genera.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that microbiome-CRC associations may differ by racial group. Additional large, racially diverse population-based studies are needed to determine if previously identified associations between characteristics of the gut microbiome and CRC are generalizable to Black women and other racial, ethnic, and gender groups.
Greedy selection of sensors with measurements under correlated noise
Authors: Kim Yoon Hak 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe address the sensor selection problem where linear measurements under correlated noise are gathered at the selected nodes to estimate the unknown parameter. Since finding the best subset of sensor nodes that minimizes the estimation error requires a prohibitive computational cost especially for a large number of nodes, we propose a greedy selection algorithm that uses the log-determinant of the inverse estimation error covariance matrix as the metric to be maximized. We further manipulate the metric by employing the QR and LU factorizations to derive a simple analytic rule which enables an efficient selection of one node at each iteration in a greedy manner. We also make a complexity analysis of the proposed algorithm and compare with different selection methods, leading to a competitive complexity of the proposed algorithm. For performance evaluation, we conduct numerical experiments using randomly generated measurements under correlated noise and demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves a good estimation accuracy with a reasonable selection complexity as compared with the previous novel selection methods.
High expression circRALGPS2 in atretic follicle induces chicken granulosa cell apoptosis and autophagy via encoding a new protein
Authors: He Haorong , Wei Yuanhang , Chen Yuqi , Zhao Xiyu , Shen Xiaoxu , Zhu Qing , Yin Huadong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The reproductive performance of chickens mainly depends on the development of follicles. Abnormal follicle development can lead to decreased reproductive performance and even ovarian disease among chickens. Chicken is the only non-human animal with a high incidence of spontaneous ovarian cancer. In recent years, the involvement of circRNAs in follicle development and atresia regulation has been confirmed.

Results
In the present study, we used healthy and atretic chicken follicles for circRNA RNC-seq. The results showed differential expression of circRALGPS2. It was then confirmed that circRALGPS2 can translate into a protein, named circRALGPS2-212aa, which has IRES activity. Next, we found that circRALGPS2-212aa promotes apoptosis and autophagy in chicken granulosa cells by forming a complex with PARP1 and HMGB1.

Conclusions
Our results revealed that circRALGPS2 can regulate chicken granulosa cell apoptosis and autophagy through the circRALGPS2-212aa/PARP1/HMGB1 axis.
Trend mining with Orange – using topic modeling in futures research with the example of urban mobility
Authors: Sonk Matthias , Tunger Dirk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractToday, assumptions about probable future developments (at least as far as they make use of quantifiable scientific methods and are not pure speculation) are generally based on data from the past. An interesting way to analyze the future through this type of data is text mining or individual methods out of the spectrum of text mining, such as topic modeling. Topic Modeling itself is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodology and is based on the full spectrum of social science methodology. Therefore, the method is an interesting way for futures research to analyze futures. This publication addresses the question of how a combination of different methods can contribute to trend monitoring or trend mining. For this purpose, a set of scientific publications was first generated with the help of a search query in the Web of Science (WoS), which is the basis for all evaluations and statements and topics. In essence, the method considered here should be more fully integrated into the scientific practice of futures research because it can make a valuable contribution to estimating future development based on past development.
Dissociation in mothers with borderline personality disorder: a possible mechanism for transmission of intergenerational trauma? A scoping review
Authors: Rimmington David , Roberts Rachel , Sawyer Alyssa , Sved-Williams Anne 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Dissociation is a feature of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), but rarely a focus for research, particularly in the perinatal literature. BPD partly has its aetiology in childhood and is characterised by emotional changes and difficulty with self-coherence that impacts on the processes of caregiving.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted to synthesise current perspectives on the effect of dissociation in caregivers with BPD, particularly regarding the impact of caregiver dissociation on the interactional quality of relationship within parent–child dyads. Studies were included if they explicitly mentioned dissociation in the target population, or if dissociation was implied. A thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
20 studies were included; 10 experimental or quasi-experimental; 2 presenting case material; and 8 non-systematic review articles. 4 studies used the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) to measure dissociation, while 2 studies included a ‘dissociative behaviour’ subscale as part of an observational measure. The remaining studies did not measure dissociation but referenced directly or indirectly a concept of dissociation.

Conclusions
Findings suggested there was some evidence that dissociation plays a unique role in BPD caregivers’ interactions with their offspring, however any findings should be interpreted with caution as the concept has been poorly operationalised and defined.
Biomechanical analysis of total arch maxillary distalization using infrazygomatic crest miniscrews: a finite element analysis study
Authors: Schwertner Alessandro , de Almeida-Pedrin Renata Rodrigues , Poleti Thais Maria Freire Fernandes , Oltramari Paula , de Castro Conti Ana Cláudia Ferreira , Cotrim-Ferreira Flávio Augusto , de Almeida Guilherme , Flores-Mir Carlos , de Almeida Marcio Rodrigues 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the maxillary incisors and canine’s immediate movement tendency using three different power arms (PA) height levels during total arch maxillary distalization supported on infrazygomatic crest (IZC) miniscrews according to finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods
Three finite element models of the maxilla were developed based on CBCT imaging of a teenage male patient presenting a Class II Division 1 malocclusion in the early permanent dentition. Maxillary complex, periodontium, orthodontic accessories, IZC miniscrews and an orthodontic wire were digitally created. The PAs were placed between canines and lateral incisors and projected at 4, 7, and 10 mm height distances. After that, distalization forces were simulated between PA and IZC miniscrews.

Results
The anterior teeth deformation produced in the FEA models was assessed according to a Von Mises equivalent. The stress was measured, revealing tendencies of initial maxillary teeth movement. No differences were found between the right and left sides. However, there was a significant difference among models in the under-stress areas, especially the apical and cervical root areas of the maxillary anterior teeth. More significant extrusion and lingual tipping of incisors were observed with the 4 mm power arm compared to the 7 mm and 10 mm ones. The 10 mm power arm did not show any tendency for extrusion of maxillary central incisors but a tendency for buccal tipping and intrusion of lateral incisors.

Conclusion
The maxillary incisors and canines have different immediate movement tendencies according to the height of the anterior point of the en-masse distalization force application. Based on the PA height increase, a change from lingual to buccal tipping and less extrusion tendency was observed for the incisors, while the lingual tipping and extrusion trend for canines increased.