bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Landschaftsgedächtnis der Bienen. Kleine Gehirne – überraschendes Orientierungsvermögen
Authors: Menzel Randolf 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMit einem neuen Gerät, dem harmonischen Radar, kann der Flug von einzelnen Bienen kontinuierlich verfolgt werden. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Bienen sich in dem von ihnen erkundeten Gelände gut auskennen. Versetzt man sie an einen unerwarteten Ort, sind sie nicht verloren, sondern finden nach einer Suchphase zu ihrem Stock auf direktem Flug zurück. Kennen Bienen eine Futterstelle, dann können sie auch diese ansteuern. Das Navigationsgedächtnis der Bienen ist also so organisiert, dass sie zwischen zwei Zielorten entscheiden kann, die sie von ihrem Ausgangspunkt nicht einsehen kann, und die sie dann direkt ansteuert. Daraus schließen wir, dass sie sich nach einem kartenartigen Raumgedächtnis orientieren.
Papillomviren und Krebs. Wie aus einem Anfangsverdacht ein Impfstoff wurde
Authors: Gissmann Lutz , Schädlich Lysann , Senger Tilo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEpidemiologische Untersuchungen deuteten schon lange darauf hin, dass Zervixkarzinome als Folge einer durch Geschlechtsverkehr übertragenen Infektion entstehen. Papillomviren des Menschen (HPV) wurden als verantwortliche Agentien vorgeschlagen, da Mitglieder der Papillomvirus‐Familie bei Tieren Tumore auslösen können und HPV‐Infektionen im Genitaltrakt des Menschen häufig vorkommen. Verschiedene Befunde – Entdeckung der Vielfalt der Papillomviren, regelmäßiger Nachweis der Genome bestimmter, sog. Hochrisiko‐HPV‐Typen in Tumorbiopsien, Verständnis des Mechanismus der Zelltransformation, sowie informative epidemiologische Studien – führten schließlich zum Konsens, dass Infektionen mit diesen Viren Zervixkarzinome und andere Krebsformen des Menschen verursachen können. Diese Kenntnis führte letztendlich zur Entwicklung von Impfstoffen als Mittel der Krebsprävention.
Mechanische Experimente an lebenden Zellen. Perspektiven für die Krebsforschung
Authors: Mierke Claudia Tanja , Koch Thorsten Michael , Mierke Claudia Tanja 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDem Prozess der Zellmigration liegen physikalische Gesetzmäßigkeiten zu Grunde. Ein tiefergehendes Verständnis der Mechanik lebender Zellen ist bei zellulären Prozessen wie z.B. der Migration von Tumorzellen durch eine 3‐D‐Matrix von entscheidender Bedeutung. Es könnte sich ein zellmechanischer Parameter – besser als einzelne Proteine – als Marker eignen, um routinemäßig in der Tumordiagnostik eingesetzt zu werden. Die Erforschung der Mechanik von lebenden Zellen trägt zu einem besseren Verständnis von Krebserkrankungen bei – insbesondere bei dem Prozess der Tumor‐Metastasierung durch Invasion von Krebszellen in das Bindegewebe.
Martin Lindauer – ein Leben für die Bienenforschung
Authors: Daumer Karl 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMartin Lindauer, der bekannteste und erfolgreichste Schüler des Nobelpreisträgers Karl von Frisch, hat mit seinen eigenen Bienenforschungen und denen seiner herausragenden Schüler die klaren Fragestellungen und scharfsinnigen Methoden seines Lehrmeisters konsequent fortgeführt. Er konnte damit die Einsichten in die erstaunlichen Sinnes‐ und Verhaltensleistungen der Bienen eindrucksvoll erweitern. Am 13. November 2008, rund einen Monat vor seinem 90.Geburtstag, ist er nach langem Leiden an der Parkinson'schen Krankheit verstorben.
Simulation of the Carbonate Looping Process for Post‐Combustion CO2 Capture from a Coal‐Fired Power Plant
Authors: Ströhle J. , Lasheras A. , Galloy A. , Epple B. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe present contribution focuses on the carbonate looping process, i.e., post‐combustion CO2 capture by means of CaO containing solid sorbents in a system of two circulating fluidized bed reactors. Material and energy balances were performed using the ASPEN PLUSTM software. Two different modeling approaches are applied to the carbonator. First, the entire active fraction of CaO is assumed to be converted; second, the CO2 absorption efficiency in the circulating fluidized bed is calculated using an analytical 1D model for fast fluidization. The absorption of SO2 by CaO is taken into account. The overall plant efficiency depends on the mass flows of fresh limestone and circulating CaO. The process is shown to be economically feasible, having low energy penalties in comparison with other CO2 capture technologies and it seems to be suited for retro‐fitting existing power plants.
A Comparison Study of Rhodamine B Photodegradation over Nitrogen‐Doped Lamellar Niobic Acid and Titanic Acid under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Li Xiukai , Kikugawa Naoki , Ye Jinhua 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSlip between the sheets! The intercalation properties of lamellar solid acids have a profound impact on nitrogen doping as well as on the resultant visible‐light photocatalysis, and the effects depend strongly on the protonic acidities of the samples (see figure).magnified imageA solid‐state reaction method with urea as a nitrogen precursor was used to prepare nitrogen‐doped lamellar niobic and titanic solid acids (i.e., HNb3O8 and H2Ti4O9) with different acidities for visible‐light photocatalysis. The photocatalytic activities of the nitrogen‐doped solid acids were evaluated for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation and the results were compared with those obtained over the corresponding nitrogen‐doped potassium salts. Techniques such as XRD, BET, SEM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV‐visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were adopted to explore the nature of the materials as well as the characteristics of the doped nitrogen species. It was found that the intercalation of the urea precursor helped to stabilize the layered structures of both lamellar solid acids and enabled easier nitrogen doping. The effects of urea intercalation were more significant for the more acidic HNb3O8 sample than for the less acidic H2Ti4O9. Compared with the nitrogen‐doped KNb3O8 and K2Ti4O9 samples, the nitrogen‐doped HNb3O8 and H2Ti4O9 solid acids absorb more visible light and exhibit a superior activity for RhB photodegradation under visible‐light irradiation. The nitrogen‐doped HNb3O8 sample performed the best among all the samples. The results of the current study suggest that the protonic acidity of the lamellar solid‐acid sample is a key factor that influences nitrogen doping and the resultant visible‐light photocatalysis.
Construction of Helical J‐Aggregates Self‐Assembled from a Thymidylic Acid Appended Anthracene Dye and DNA as a Template
Authors: Iwaura Rika , Ohnishi‐Kameyama Mayumi , Iizawa Tomohiko 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDriven round the twist by DNA: One‐dimensional helical J‐aggregates are formed by the self‐assembly of thymidylic acid appended anthracene dye (shown in red and yellow) in the presence of complementary single‐stranded oligoadenylic acid (shown in green and blue) in an aqueous solution.magnified imageThe thymidylic acid appended anthracene dye 2,6‐bis[5‐(3′‐thymidylic acid)pentyloxy]anthracene (1) was synthesized, and the self‐assembly of 1 and the binary self‐assembly of 1 with a complementary single‐stranded 20‐meric oligodeoxyadenylic acid (dA20) were performed in 0.1×TE buffer solution (i.e., 1.0×10−3 M Tris‐HCl, 1.0×10−4 M ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (EDTA)). The characteristic J‐band, small Stokes shift (6 nm), Cotton effect, and helical nanofibers 5.1 nm in diameter are observed in UV/Vis, fluorescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements for the binary self‐assembly of 1 and dA20 in aqueous solution. These observations revealed that the helical J‐aggregates, in which the short‐axis transition dipoles of the anthracene moieties are aligned in a head‐to‐tail fashion, are formed from the binary self‐assembly of 1 and dA20. The UV/Vis absorption and CD band of the anthracene La region were found to be strongly dependent on temperature and showed cooperative changes for the binary self‐assembly of 1 and dA20. The self‐assembly of the single‐component 1 produced right‐ and left‐handed helical nanofibers with diameters ranging from 4.0 to 10 nm. In contrast, for the binary self‐assembly, the UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra showed no J‐band and the Stokes shift was at approximately 107 nm for the single‐component 1 in aqueous solution. In addition, the binary self‐assembly of 1 and noncomplementary single‐stranded 20‐meric oligothymidylic acid (dT20) showed a small J‐band and the J‐band disappeared at 50 °C upon heating. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that thymine–adenine base‐pair formation induced supramolecular helical J‐aggregates in the binary self‐assembly of 1 and dA20 in aqueous solutions.
Reaktion mit integrierter Extraktion für homogen katalysierte Flüssigphasenreaktionen
Authors: Behr A. , Seuster J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBei der Anwendung der homogenen Übergangsmetallkatalyse in großtechnischen Prozessen ist ein geeignetes Katalysatorrecycling von entscheidender Bedeutung, um die Verluste an teurem Katalysatormetall und an kostspieligen Liganden zu minimieren. Die Reaktivextraktion als integrierte Reaktions‐ und Trennoperation bietet hierzu einen möglichen Ansatz. Das Prinzip besteht darin, die Reaktion in einer katalytisch aktiven Flüssigphase durchzuführen und eine zweite, katalytisch inaktive, Flüssigphase dazu zu nutzen, das Produkt vom Katalysator zu trennen und aus dem Reaktor herauszuführen. Am Beispiel der Palladium‐katalysierten Telomerisation von Butadien mit Ethylenglykol konnte unter Nutzung der Reaktivextraktion ein neuer Prozess entwickelt und im Labor‐ sowie Miniplantmaßstab eingehend untersucht werden.
Analysis of cell movement by simultaneous quantification of local membrane displacement and fluorescent intensities using Quimp2
Authors: Bosgraaf Leonard , van Haastert Peter J.M. , Bretschneider Till 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe use of fluorescent markers in living cells has increased dramatically in the recent years. The quantitative analysis of the images requires specific analysis software. Previously, the program Quimp was launched for quantitating fluorescent intensities at the membrane or the cortex of the cell. However, Quimp is not well suited to quantitate local membrane displacement. Here we present Quimp2 that is capable of tracking membrane subregions in time, which enables the simultaneous quantification of fluorescent intensities and membrane movement. Quimp2 has two new tools, (i) conversion filters to analyze movies obtained with fluorescent, DIC and phase contrast different microscopes, and (ii) a macro that calculates the local membrane displacement and provides various options to display the results. Quimp2 is used here to investigate the molecular mechanism of cell movement by correlating the dynamics of local membrane movement with the local concentration of myosin and F‐actin. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modulating α‐actinin‐4 dynamics in podocytes
Authors: Michaud Jean‐Louis R. , Hosseini‐Abardeh Mona , Farah Kevin , Kennedy Chris R. J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPodocytes are epithelial cells that line the outer aspect of renal blood vessels and provide a platform for the kidney's filtering apparatus, the slit diaphragm. Mutations in α‐actinin‐4, an actin bundling protein highly expressed in podocytes, result in increased affinity for actin and cause a familial form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. We hypothesized that such gain‐of‐affinity mutations would override α‐actinin‐4's sensitivity to regulatory factors such as calcium (acting via two EF‐hand motifs), and phosphoinositides. We generated calcium‐ (mutEF) and phosphoinositide‐ (mutPI) insensitive variants of α‐actinin‐4, comparing their properties to a disease‐associated mutant (K256E) and to the wildtype (wt) protein. α‐Actinin‐4mutPI displayed increased affinity for actin, while the affinity of α‐actinin‐4mutEF was unchanged. Addition of calcium to actin sedimentation assays caused a decrease in the association of α‐actinin‐4wt with filamentous actin, while phosphoinositides generally increased this association. Similar to α‐actinin‐4K256E, α‐actinin‐4mutPI was mislocalized in cultured podocytes, being preferentially associated with filamentous actin and focal adhesions. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments revealed a rapid turnover of α‐actinin‐4wt and α‐actinin‐4mutEF along stress fibers and focal adhesions, while the turnover of α‐actinin‐4K256E and α‐actinin‐4mutPI was dramatically reduced at these subcellular locales. Equibiaxial mechanical stimulation of podocytes, a mimic of intraglomerular forces, reduced podocyte surface area by 50%; this decrease was more severe (70%) in the presence of high‐affinity mutants of α‐actinin‐4. These data suggest that dynamic regulation of α‐actinin‐4/actin interactions may be necessary for maintaining podocyte structure in response to glomerular hydrostatic forces. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
α‐Skeletal muscle actin mutants causing different congenital myopathies induce similar cytoskeletal defects in cell line cultures
Authors: Vandamme Drieke , Rommelaere Heidi , Lambert Ellen , Waterschoot Davy , Vandekerckhove Joël , Constantin Bruno , Ampe Christophe 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCentral core disease (CCD), congenital fibre type disproportion (CFTD), and nemaline myopathy (NM) are earlyonset clinically heterogeneous congenital myopathies, characterized by generalized muscle weakness and hypotonia. All three diseases are associated with α‐skeletal muscle actin mutations. We biochemically characterized the CCD and CFTD causing actin mutants and show that all mutants fold correctly and are stable. Expression studies in fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes show that these mutants incorporate in filamentous structures. However they do not intercalate between the nascent z‐lines in differentiating muscle cell cultures. We also show that the distribution of mitochondria and of the ryanodine receptors, and calcium release properties from ryanodine receptors, are unchanged in myotubes expressing the CCD causing mutants. CFTD causing mutants induce partly similar phenotypes as NM associated ones, such as rods and thickened actin fibers in cell culture. Our results suggest that molecular mechanisms behind CFTD and NM may be partly related. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Wave complex is intrinsically inactive
Authors: Derivery Emmanuel , Lombard Bérangère , Loew Damarys , Gautreau Alexis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe Wave proteins activate the Arp2/3 complex at the leading edge of migrating cells. The resulting actin polymerization powers the projection of the plasma membrane in lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. The Wave proteins are always found associated with partner proteins. The canonical Wave complex is a stable complex containing five subunits. Even though it is well admitted that this complex plays an essential regulatory role on Wave function, the mechanisms by which Wave proteins are regulated within the complex are still elusive. Even the constitutive activity or inactivity of the complex is controversial. The major difficulty of these assays resides in the long and difficult purification of the Wave complex by a combination of several chromatography steps, which gives an overall low yield and increases the chance of Wave complex denaturation. Here we report a greatly simplified approach to purify the human Wave complex using a stable cell line expressing a tagged subunit and affinity chromatography. This protocol provided us with sufficient amount of pure Wave complex for functional assays. These assays unambiguously established that the Wave complex in its native conformation is intrinsically inactive, indicating that, like WASP proteins, Wave proteins have a masked C‐terminal Arp2/3 binding site at resting state. As a consequence, the Wave complex has to be recruited and activated at the plasma membrane to project migration structures. Importantly, the approach we describe here for multiprotein complex purification is likely applicable to a wide range of human multiprotein complexes. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Survival after Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Favier Olav , Heutte Natacha , Stamatoullas‐Bastard Aspasia , Carde Patrice , van't Veer Mars B. , Aleman Berthe M. P. , Noordijk Evert M. , Thomas José , Fermé Christophe , Henry‐Amar Michel ,   for the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Lymphoma Group and the Groupe d'Études des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA)
Published: February 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to analyze cause‐specific excess mortality in adult patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) with respect to treatment modality.METHODS:The study population consisted of 4401 Belgian, Dutch, and French patients aged 15 to 69, in all stages of disease, who were treated between 1964 and 2000. Excess mortality was expressed by using a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and calculating the absolute excess risk (AER). Relative survival was calculated and analyzed using a previously described regression model.RESULTS:At a median follow‐up of 7.8 years, 725 of 4401 patients (16.5%) had died, 51% of HL, 10% of treatment‐related toxicity, 18% of second cancer, 5% of cardiovascular diseases, 2% of infections, 8% of other causes, and 6% of an unspecified cause. Overall, the SMR was 7.4 (95% confidence limits [CL], 6.9‐8.0), and the AER was 182.8 (95% CL, 167.7‐198.8). These indicators were 3.8 (95% CL, 3.2‐4.5) and 27.9, respectively, for deaths from a second cancer and 4.0 (95% CL, 2.3‐6.7) and 3.3, respectively for deaths from infection. After 15 years, the observed survival rate was 75%, and the relative survival rate was 80%. In patients with early‐stage disease, the overall excess mortality was associated with age ≥40 years (P = .007), men (P < .001), unfavorable prognosis features (P < .001), and 2 treatments: combined nonstandard nonalkylating chemotherapy plus involved‐field radiotherapy (P = .002) and mantle‐field irradiation alone (P = .003). With follow‐up censored at the first recurrence, no treatment modalities were associated with excess mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Progressive disease remained the primary cause of death in patients with HL in the first decades after treatment. Excess mortality in patients with early‐stage disease was linked significantly to treatment modalities that were associated with poor treatment failure‐free survival. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
A simplified mesh‐free method with embedded discontinuities
Authors: Wang H. , Wang S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA simplified mesh‐free method with embedded discontinuities is presented. In this method, the crack can be arbitrarily oriented, but its growth is represented discretely by activation of crack surfaces at individual particles, so no representation of the crack surface is needed. The crack is modeled by a local enrichment of the test and trial functions with a sign function, so that the discontinuities are along the direction of the crack. The discontinuity consists of cohesive crack segments that pass through the entire domain of influence at the node. A set of cracking rules is developed to avoid spurious cracking. We show by numerical experiments that complicated crack patterns with branching cracks can be modeled independent of the mesh. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of sheet metal forming process using reproducing kernel particle method
Authors: Liu H. S. , Xing Z. W. , Yang Y. Y. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNumerical simulation of sheet metal forming process using the meshless method called reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM) is studied in this paper. Owing to limitations of meshless approximation under parametric coordinate system, a constrained reproducing kernel (RK) approximation under Cartesian coordinate system is employed to describe the sheet metal deformation. Several technologies are used to solve the crucial problems involved in the numerical procedure. RKPM shape function is modified to impose essential boundary conditions; stabilized conforming nodal integration method is adopted to implement numerical integration of weak formulation; and an algorithm based on moment method is used to treat contact detection during sheet metal forming process. A program based on constrained RK approximation is developed to simulate two sheet metal forming examples: square‐cup deep drawing and hemispherical part drawing. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the RKPM in numerical simulation of sheet metal forming. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pax6 regulation of Math5 during mouse retinal neurogenesis
Authors: Riesenberg Amy N. , Le Tien T. , Willardsen Minde I. , Blackburn David C. , Vetter Monica L. , Brown Nadean L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractActivation of the bHLH factor Math5 (Atoh7) is an initiating event for mammalian retinal neurogenesis, as it is critically required for retinal ganglion cell formation. However, the cis‐regulatory elements and trans‐acting factors that control Math5 expression are largely unknown. Using a combination of transgenic mice and bioinformatics, we identified a phylogenetically conserved regulatory element that is required to activate Math5 transcription during early retinal neurogenesis. This element drives retinal expression in vivo, in a cross‐species transgenic assay. Previously, Pax6 was shown to be necessary for the initiation of Math5 mRNA expression. We extend this finding by showing that the Math5 retinal enhancer also requires Pax6 for its activation, via Pax6 binding to a highly conserved binding site. In addition, our data reveal that other retinal factors are required for accurate regulation of Math5 by Pax6. genesis 47:175–187, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dropout from inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa: Critical review of the literature
Authors: Wallier Jenny , Vibert Sarah , Berthoz Sylvie , Huas Caroline , Hubert Tamara , Godart Nathalie 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjective:High dropout rates from inpatient treatment for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) pose a serious obstacle to successful treatment. Because dropping out of inpatient treatment may have a negative impact on outcome, it is important to understand why dropout occurs so that treatment can be targeted toward keeping patients in care. We therefore conducted a critical literature review of studies on dropout from inpatient treatment for AN.Method:Searches of Medline and PsycINFO revealed nine articles on this subject. Two were excluded because they did not differentiate AN from other eating disorders in analyses.Results:Results were scarce and conflicting, with methodological issues complicating comparisons. Weight on admission, AN subtype, eating disorder symptoms, greater psychiatric difficulty in general, and the absence of depression were related to dropout in multivariate analyses.Discussion:Authors should use a common definition of dropout and continue research on the identified predictors as well as potential predictors such as impulsivity and family factors. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Inter‐ and Intrachain Spin‐Transition Processes in One‐Dimensional Polynuclear Iron(III) Complexes of N,N′‐Ethylenebis(acetylacetonylideneimine) Bridged by 1,3‐Bis(4‐pyridyl)propane and 1,4‐Bis(imidazolyl)butane (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 6/2009)
Authors: Imatomi Shinya , Hashimoto Shingo , Matsumoto Naohide 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows two types of 1D polynuclear spin crossover (SCO) iron(III) complexes, in which planar iron(III) species are bridged axially by a linear bridging ligand to give a 1D structure. In the intermediate spin state between the HS and LS states, the one complex consists of alternately arrayed HS and LS chains, whereas the other consists of alternately arrayed HS and LS units within a chain. The results demonstrate two different SCO transmission mechanisms, that is, SCO occurs in a chain‐by‐chain manner for the first complex and between adjacent units within a chain for the second one. Details are discussed in the article by N. Matsumoto et al. on p. 721 ff.