bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation of crop diversity for sustainable landscape development in the mountains of the Indian Himalayan region
Authors: Nautiyal Sunil , Kaechele Harald 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to emphasize the conservation and management of crop diversity in traditional agro‐ecosystems as a crucial component for sustainable landscape development in the mountains of the Indian Himalayan region. The results indicate that mountain farming has the potential to produce good output from a low input system where farmers still use local resources and locally developed technology.Design/methodology/approachThe discussion of major issues in this paper is based on our empirical study involving a survey of the area and field‐based experiments to evaluate the productivity in traditional mountain farming systems. Additionally, landscape change was monitored with the use of satellite data.FindingsThe paper finds that the rate of genetic erosion within the study area during the last three decades is documented and the factors responsible for such erosion identified. The efficiency of traditional agro‐ecosystems of Himalayan Mountains in terms of energy and monetary value is presented. Traditional crop cultivation in the region appears efficient from the viewpoint of ecology of the area and economy of the local people.Practical implicationsThis paper recommends practical options to encourage cultivation of traditional crops for their conservation and management in the Himalayan agro‐ecosystems that will lead to sustainable landscape development in these mountains. Traditional agro‐ecosystems are characterized by their dependence on local resources, close links to the surrounding forests, and locally developed technologies in the Himalayas of India. Research and policy support for their conservation in traditional agro‐ecosystems in this region is required as many traditional crops and their landraces are in jeopardy due to their rapid genetic erosion in the region. The land use land cover map developed within this study enables observation of the process of the landscape change trends in the region. Local communities need proper awareness and encouragement through appropriate research, institutional and policy support to continue growing traditional crops for both their economic incentives and management of the ecosystem services.Originality/valueThe paper shows that traditional crop diversity can enhance the economic conditions for people without having negative implications on the surrounding landscape.
Community‐based natural resource management in Kenya
Authors: Ayoo Collins 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to critically evaluate community‐based natural resource management as an alternative approach to government stewardship of natural resources. The paper discusses Kenya's experience with community‐based approaches, identifies some of the problems that have been experienced in implementing the approach, and suggests ways of strengthening these approaches to ensure that natural resources are managed more sustainably and efficiently and in ways that generate tangible economic benefits to local communities.Design/methodology/approachThe research reported in this paper was undertaken through an extensive review of existing literature, discussions with representatives of local communities and resource managers and personal observations.FindingsThe paper finds that the community‐based approach to the stewardship of natural resources is a viable alternative to state management and can, if properly implemented, result in more equitable distribution of power and economic benefits, reduced conflicts, increased consideration of traditional and modern environmental knowledge, protection of biological diversity, and sustainable utilization of natural resources. In many cases where the approach has been implemented it has not yielded substantial benefits mainly because of institutional, environmental and organizational factors. The successful implementation of CBNRM projects requires a legal and policy framework that empowers local communities and grants them responsibility and authority for natural resource management. It also requires that an acceptable formula be defined for the sharing of the benefits and responsibilities.Practical implicationsThis paper challenges the stewardship of natural resources by the state and presents arguments in support of a community based approach that prioritizes the livelihood needs of local communities and provides them with strong incentives to conserve and utilize natural resources sustainably.Originality/valueThis paper is original in applying the principles of community based natural resource management to specific local wildlife and forestry cases in Kenya.
Sustainable frugality through EIA: role of socio‐ecological linkages in poverty alleviation
Authors: Rajaram T. , Das Ashutosh 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bring out the shortcomings of the EIA model imported from developed countries when it is assessed for its focus on poverty alleviation in a developing nation (India) and to suggest improvements in the existing framework.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explores the current performance of EIA process in India, critically analyses the philosophy of continued sidelining of environmental protection in favour of unrestricted economic growth in the light of evidence regarding growing inequality.FindingsThe paper finds that for the proponent driven EIA model to contribute towards poverty alleviation, a new “socio‐ecological linkage document” is needed. This will bring out the fragile linkages that marginalized communities have with their local ecosystems and can be prepared with the help of local ecological knowledge. A framework to integrate the socio‐ecological linkage document into the EIA‐SEA‐SA domain is presented.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that the supportive framework of generating the “socio‐ecological linkage document” has the potential to enhance the EIA‐SEA‐SA process in terms of ensuring that plans, policies, programs and projects are sensitive to the need of ecosystem dependent poor.Originality/valueThe paper proposes a framework to support the alternative thinking that poverty alleviation can be enhanced through preservation of ecosystem linkages, in contrast to the modern paradigm of economic growth at the cost of ecosystem.
Economic growth and environmental quality
Authors: Cialani Catia 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the emissions of CO2 in Italy during 1861 to 2002. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is applied to explore the relationship between CO2 emission and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. An Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) is also applied to investigate changes in emissions between 1990 to 2002. Several factors contribute to change in the emission of CO2. These factors generally include a scale effect, a technological effect and a composition effect.Design/methodology/approachThe main discussion in the paper is about the exiting of EKC in Italy and how a decomposition analysis can be used to look behind the time series of the environmental accounts.FindingsThe findings in the paper indicate the typical inverted “U” form of EKC is not confirmed with our data set for Italy. According our econometric results, there is a positive relationship between economic growth and CO2; following the trend, the maximum emission of CO2 per capita in Italy would be reached when the GDP per capita will be about 26900 US$ (turning point). Basically, two major forces have determined the increase of CO2 pollution in Italy over time: eco‐efficiency (pollution per monetary unit of output) and volume effect (volume growth of Value Added).Practical implicationsThe decomposition method performed in this paper allows us to analyse which sectors are responsible for CO2 emissions and quantify the magnitude of the theoretical factors expected to influence the emission. The method used for the decomposition analysis can also be applied by countries with lack of time series Input‐Output data.Originality/valueThe investigation in the paper of the existing of EKC allows to know at which level of income the CO2 emissions will start decreasing in Italy. The analysis is based on a long time series (141 years). Decomposition analysis can be considered a tool, which helps to detect whether the increase of CO2 is mainly due to economic growth or technological change.
The effectiveness of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) follow‐up with regard to biodiversity conservation in Azerbaijan
Authors: Bataineh Ramzi H. 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of the EIA adopted by the construction industry during the construction of the BTC Oil Pipeline Project in Azerbaijan from 2003‐2005. The focus of the study is to examine the performance of the Biodiversity conservation measures on the Territory of Gobustan Area. The area is considered as bad land and environmentally sensitive. The environmental impacts and the corresponding mitigation measures are to be highlighted.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a pre‐entry survey as a bench mark against which mitigation measures, for restoring biodiversity to project pre‐construction conditions. The Pre‐entry survey identifies the biodiversity inventory of the study area. The implementation of mitigation measures with respect to biodiversity is used to examine the extent of compliance with environmental requirements. The extent of compliance is based on field observations, specialist interviews and reviewing reports published by independent bodies.FindingsThe paper finds that the reasons behind compliance or non‐compliance with environmental requirements as outlined in the Environmental Impact Statement are explored. In other words, the factors that shape the EIA follow‐up process are highlighted.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that the establishment of an integrated environmental monitoring system is central to the success of the EIA follow‐up. Environmental best practices can be adopted successfully despite the fact that the national environmental system is not yet well established.Originality/valueThe studied case in the paper, which is based on observation and thorough analysis of the practical work, can serve as an example for emerging environmental governance system.
Ethics in the virtual world
Authors: Strain John 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this viewpoint paper is to provide an overview of three papers included in a Special Issue of the Journal of Information Communication Ethics and Society, entitled Ethics in the Virtual World.Design/methodology/approachThe papers were chosen because they reflect three key themes in computing, ethics and society. These are: the explosion in the number of opportunities for accessing sensitive data in the health sector; the risks inherent in designing information systems through technical procedures that fail to address the human character of the environments they are intended to serve; and the need to teach computing ethics to students of computing. All three articles draw on philosophical approaches to ethics and well as technical aspects of system use, system design and pedagogy, respectively.FindingsThe papers demonstrate the interdisciplinary nature of computing ethics and the contested political issues at stake in using and designing information systems.Originality/valueThis editorial viewpoint paper presents the hypothesis that the ethical issues once embodied in socio‐technical systems theory have a particular salience for the contemporary ethical debates concerning computing ethics.
A phenomenological perspective on clinical communication and interaction
Authors: Botin Lars 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how people communicate in organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe approach in doing this is based on two pillars. One being a philosophical phenomenological approach dealing mainly ethical questions concerning communication and interaction in designing and implementing electronic health records (EHR). The other is videoobservation of work procedures in hospitals because appropriate for unveiling tacit knowledge in an organisation.FindingsThe paper discusses the inappropriate design and implementation of actual EHR's in the Danish hospital system. Where the technology is based on hierarchical and economic structured managerialist thinking and doing, that eliminates the everyday knowledge of nursing staff and the patient.Originality/valueThe value of this paper that it lays forward the inappropriate paradigmatic thinking of hospital systems concerning communication and interaction in designing and implementing EHRs.
Assessing students' ethical development in computing with the defining issues test
Authors: Jagger Suzy , Strain John 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research paper is to examine the early stages of a research project aimed at evaluating the pedagogic effectiveness of a teaching module in computing ethics.Design/methodology/approachScores of students' cognitive capabilities to make moral judgements were measured before and after they had taken the module by means of the “Defining Issues Test” (DIT). This is a standard test of students' capability to make moral judgement based on the work of Lawrence Kohlberg. Interviews were then used to help understand the results of the test.FindingsResults revealed low mean scores of post‐conventional (P Score) thinking skills and wide variation in overall scores of capability for moral judgement. Interviews with the students about the course and the test revealed the importance of understanding students' beliefs about the importance of ethics in interpreting the results.Research limitations/implicationsDifficulties in matching “before and after” results for each subject limited the sample size in what was an early step in the overall research project.Practical implicationsThe results point towards the importance of addressing students' own understanding of the importance of ethics when teaching computing ethics.Originality/valueThe paper reveals some of the limitations of tests of capabilities for moral judgement which rely on strongly individualistic notions of ethics. It enables a new appreciation to be made of the strengths and weaknesses of assessing student moral development in higher education in terms of cognitive factors.
Responsible drinks marketing: shared rights and responsibilities
Authors: Burkitt Hugh 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to share – and provide context for – eight recommendations about responsible drinks marketing, which were developed by an Expert Committee led by the author in 2006. The International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP) and its sponsors have long recognized the importance of maintaining integrity and high standards in the marketing of beverage alcohol products.Design/methodology/approachAn Expert Committee was convened from 30 May to 2 June, 2006, with participants who were selected from each region of the world, representing the perspectives of marketers, regulators, beverage alcohol producers, researchers and consumers. The result of their work together was a report entitled, Responsible Drinks Marketing: Shared Rights and Responsibilities, which included the eight recommendations presented in this article.FindingsRecommendations focus on three distinct contexts: understanding perspectives on responsible drinks marketing; unifying principles for marketing worldwide; and best practice strategies for marketers.Practical implicationsAlcohol beverages have been an integral part of societies for thousands of years. While consumption patterns vary dramatically in different countries and societies, the marketing of beverage alcohol carries significant responsibilities.Originality/valueBased on the agreed‐upon premise that adults who choose to drink should be free to enjoy alcohol beverages safely and responsibly, the author and Expert Committee drew upon resources that included United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection.
A charming little Cabernet
Authors: Boudreaux Claire A. , Palmer Stephen E. 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to examine the impact of brand personality on purchase intent and the influence of three design elements of wine labels on brand personality.Design/methodology/approachParticipants made brand personality judgments and rated their purchase intent for subsets of 90 experimental wine labels, which varied along the dimensions of color, illustration, and design layout.FindingsBrand personality explained nearly half of the variance in purchase intent, with the facets successful, charming, spirited, and up‐to‐date being most strongly correlated with purchase intent. Of the three dimensions of visual design studied, the illustration used on the label had the greatest impact on both purchase intent and perceptions of brand personality.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used a proxy to measure purchase intent and studied only a subset of brand personality facets, limiting the generality of findings.Practical implicationsThis research offers brand managers a potential means of evaluating prospective designs in terms of their likely impact on purchase intent and consumer perceptions of brand personality, and suggests general guidelines for the design of product line extensions from a successful label design.Originality/valueThis research helps brand managers and packaging designers to leverage brand personality research and evaluate the effectiveness of new designs.
The emerging Brazilian wine industry
Authors: Evaldo Fensterseifer Jaime 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the Brazilian wine industry's capacity for sustained development in an increasingly internationalized competitive environment. The focus is on the Serra Gaúcha wine cluster, where over 80 per cent of the country's wine is produced.Design/methodology/approachThis case study is descriptive in nature and makes use of secondary sources, in‐depth interviews and survey‐based data in order to describe the cluster and analyse the different factors associated with sustained competitiveness. The conceptual base that guided the analysis draws on the notion of cluster and its role in the creation of sustainable competitive advantages, with special emphasis on cooperative actions that enhance learning and innovation within the cluster.FindingsIn spite of several weaknesses of the industry and of the challenges posed by an unfavourable international environment, this paper provides both qualitative and quantitative evidences that a series of underlying conditions for the sustainable development of the industry are present in the Serra Gaúcha wine cluster.Originality/valueThe paper is purposefully descriptive and wide in scope as it analyses an as yet little known outside of Brazil and little researched wine cluster; this provides both academic value, as it establishes a basis for the development of more focused research as well as comparative studies with wine clusters from other countries, and practical value for the actors of the cluster, as it highlights important implications for both collective and firm‐level actions.
Customer engagement and the operational efficiency of wine retail stores
Authors: Barth J.E. (Joe) 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that new‐style retail wine stores with features such as tasting rooms, lecture theatres and demonstration kitchens used to educate and engage customers have better retail efficiency than old‐style stores.Design/methodology/approachSales dollars, labour hours and litres of inventory depletion from a paired sample of old‐style and new‐style facilities located in five different communities are submitted to a data envelopment analysis to determine the retail efficiency of the stores.FindingsAll the new‐build stores had higher retail efficiency than the older stores, and input reductions in older stores were unlikely to bring their performance up to the level of the new store concepts.Originality/valueOne of the shortcomings of this research is that the old and new stores in the paired samples are different in size and location within each municipality. While it is clear that the new store features (tasting rooms, seminars, cooking demonstrations, etc.) increase retail efficiency, it remains to know the contribution of each of feature to the improvement in retail performance.
Italian wineries and strategic options: the role of Premium Bag in Box
Authors: Santini Cristina , Cavicchi Alessio , Rocchi Benedetto 
Published: August 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give some enlightenments on value innovation in the wine industry and, more specifically in the US wine market, in order to suggest new strategic options to Italian wineries.Design/methodology/approachAfter having provided a theoretical framework about value innovation and the US Premium Bag in Box (PBIB) wine market, a case study about a leading firm is presented.FindingsThe adoption of a new packaging concept may help traditional Italian wineries to develop their sales. Understanding the dynamics and benefits of value innovation, would help wineries in getting over the obstacles for introducing innovation, and developing a truly perception of consumers' preferences and new managerial skills.Research implications/limitationsThis research implies new studies in consumers' perceptions and willingness to pay for Italian wines in the USA. On the firms' side, it is important to understand wineries costs and organization structure in order to evaluate the possibility of new packaging introduction. Understanding the dynamics of value innovation in the wine industry would lead to gain a competitive advantage. Further researches should focus on the linkage between firms' structure and resources and the paths they choose to adopt.Practical implicationsThis paper can offer a valid suggestion for those firms whose export is suffering “New World” wineries aggressive strategies. Through PBIB wineries can adopt a “me‐too strategy” or develop a further niche in this market. According to the strategy chosen, wineries have to face many concerns, mainly pertaining to finances, organization, and production.Originality/valueValue innovation and its exploitation under a strategic viewpoint have not been deeply considered in wine business literature.