bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary excretion rate of ceruloplasmin in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with different stages of nephropathy
Authors: Yamazaki Masatoshi , Ito Seiki , Usami Akio , Tani Nagayuki , Hanyu Osamu , Nakagawa Osamu , Nakamura Hiroshi , Shibata Akira 
Published: December 2008

Yamazaki M, Ito S, Usami A, Tani N, Hanyu 0, Nakagawa O. Nakamura H, Shibata A. Urinary excretion rate of ceruloplasmin in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with different stages of nephropathy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:681–7. ISSN 0804–4643
The level of ceruloplasmin, which is a more negatively charged protein than albumin, was measured by an immunoradiometric assay in timed overnight urine and serum samples from patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. None of the plasma proteins examined showed any cross-reactivity in this assay. A linear correlation was seen between the ceruloplasmin level and the serial dilution of the sample. Western blot analysis using concentrated urine samples showed that the molecular weight of ceruloplasmin in the urine sample was the same as that of ceruloplasmin in the serum and standard samples. These findings indicated that the substance detected by this assay was truly ceruloplasmin. The urinary ceruloplasmin excretion rate (CER) and clearance of ceruloplasmin increased in parallel with the progression of albuminuria. The highest CER was found in macroalbuminuric patients, followed by micro- and normoalbuminuric patients and the healthy control subjects, the differences between the groups being significant. In view of the fact that the isoelectric point of ceruloplasmin (4.4) is more acidic than that of albumin, the present findings suggested that an enhanced CER was due either to the alteration of charge selectivity in the glomerular basement membrane with unaltered tubular function or to a defect of the non-discriminatory pores (shunt pathway) with unaltered tubular function.
Seiki Ito, Division of Gerontology, Akita University Hospital, 1-1-1 Hondou, Akita City, Japan 010
Cardiovascular effects of long-term l-thyroxine therapy for Hashimoto's thyroiditis in children and adolescents
Authors: Radetti Giorgio , Paganini Claudio , Crepaz Roberto , Pittscheider Walter , Gentili Lino 
Published: December 2008

Radetti G, Paganini C, Crepaz R, Pittscheider W, Gentili L. Cardiovascular effects of long-term l-thyroxine therapy for Hashimoto's thyroiditis in children and adolescents. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:688–92. ISSN 0804–4643
Morphology and function of the left ventricle were evaluated by echo and Doppler examination in 16 females affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis. aged 13.3 (4.5) years (range 7.9–24.6). They were on l-thyroxine (l-T4) treatment for a period of 2.8 (2.8) years (range 0.8–7.6) with a mean daily dose of 77 (18) μg/m2. Left ventricular mass, systolic and diastolic function, cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance did not differ from a control group matched for age, sex and body size. A further analysis of the patients according to thyrotrophin serum levels (less or more than 0.1 mU/l) gave similar results. Moreover, no relationship was found between echocardiographic findings and age, l-T4 daily doses, duration of treatment and serum level of thyroid hormones. We can therefore conclude that chronic l-T4 treatment for Hashimoto's thyroiditis at the given doses did not affect cardiac function and morphology in children and adolescents; however, a longer follow-up is needed before confirming the safety of this therapy in the long term.
Giorgio Radetti, Department of Paediatrics, Regional Hospital of Bolzano, via L Boehler no. 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
Growth hormone (GH) responses to the combined administration of GH-releasing hormone plus GH-releasing peptide 6 in adults with GH deficiency
Authors: Leal-Cerro A , Garcia E , Astorga R , Casanueva FF , Dieguez C 
Published: December 2008

Leal-Cerro A, Garcia E, Astorga R, Casanueva FF, Dieguez C. Growth hormone (GH) responses to the combined administration of GH-releasing hormone plus GH-releasing peptide 6 in adults with GH deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:712–5. ISSN 0804–4643
In recent years the health problems of adults with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and the benefits of GH replacement therapy have received considerable attention. However, the reliability of conventional GH tests in the assessment of pituitary GH reserve in this group of patients is still controversial. In this study, we assessed GH secretion after the combined administration of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) (1 μg/kg iv) and GH-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6, 1 μg/kg iv) in adult patients diagnosed with GHD by conventional GH testing, and correlate this response with insulin-like growth factor I levels. Twenty-one subjects (13 male, 8 female) with long-standing diagnosis of GHD aged 21–54 years were studied. In 13 subjects GH responses to GHRH plus GHRP-6 were markedly reduced (peak GH response <10 mU/I), whereas in the remaining eight the response was greater (range 11–100 mU/l), In conclusion, our data show that combined administration of GHRH plus GHRP-6 elicited a significant increase in plasma GH levels in about 40% of patients diagnosed with GHD by conventional GH testing.
C Dieguez, PO Box 563, 15700 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Clinical usefulness of thyroid-stimulating antibody measurement using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human thyrotropin receptors
Authors: Murakami Masami , Miyashita Kazuya , Kakizaki Satoru , Saito Shuichi , Yamada Masanobu , Iriuchijima Tokuji , Takeuchi Toshiyuki , Mori Masatomo 
Published: December 2008

Murakami M, Miyashita K, Kakizaki S, Saito S, Yamada M, Iriuchijima T, Takeuchi T, Mori M, Clinical usefulness of thyroid-stimulating antibody measurement using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human thyrotropin receptors. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:80–6. ISSN 0804–4643
Human thyrotropin (TSH) receptors were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using eukaryotic expression plasmid pCXN2, which contains β-actin promoter. We measured cAMP stimulation in CHO cells expressing human TSH receptors (CHO-hTSH-R cells) by immunoglobulin G (IgG) of patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and compared the results with a conventional thyroid-stimulating antibody (TS-Ab) assay using porcine thyroid cells and a TSH-binding inhibiting immunoglobulin (TBII) assay. Nineteen untreated patients with Graves' disease, including a case who developed hyperthyroidism after interferon -α therapy for chronic hepatitis C, and 13 treated patients with Graves' disease, 10 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 8 control subjects were studied. In 19 untreated patients with Graves' disease, 17 patients showed positive CHO-hTSH-R cell stimulation, 11 patients showed positive porcine thyroid cell stimulation and 15 patients showed positive TBII. All the untreated patients showed positive results in at least one assay, Although significantly positive correlations were observed among CHO-hTSH-R cell stimulation, porcine thyroid cell stimulation and TBII activities, the IgG of several patients showed significant discrepancy in the assay results. In a patient with interferon-induced hyperthyroidism only CHO-hTSH-R cell stimulation was positive, while porcine thyroid cell stimulation and TBII were negative. After the treatment with propylthiouracil for 6 months, CHO-hTSH-R cell stimulation became negative. The IgG of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis did not show significant stimulation of CHO-hTSH-R cells. These results suggest that the CHO-hTSH-R cell stimulation assay is clinically useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with Graves' disease.
Masami Murakami, First Department of Internal Medicine, Gunma University, School of Medicine, Maebashi 371, Japan
Hypertension in disguise—a trap for the unwary
Authors:   Rajasoorya, Chee Thomas Swee-Guan , Boon-Keng Ng 
Published: December 2008

Rajasoorya, Chee TS-G, Ng B-K. Hypertension in disguise—a trap for the unwary. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:93–6. ISSN 0804–4643
A 36-year-old asymptomatic Chinese male with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) developed hypertension 1 year after the diagnosis of PKD. The patient was treated initially as for hypertension associated with PKD. However, over a 6-year period his hypertension became progressively difficult to control and he developed severe symptomatic hypokalaemia. Subsequent investigations confirmed the presence of primary hyperaldosteronism. The initial computed tomographic scans of the adrenals did not reveal any definite adenomas. The patient subsequently underwent bilateral adrenal venous sampling, which suggested a left-sided source of aldosterone excess. A repeat computed tomography of the adrenals with fine cuts revealed a 6-mm diameter adenoma of the left adrenal gland. He underwent an uncomplicated left adrenalectomy. All antihypertensive and potassium supplements were stopped on the 5th postoperative day. Two and half years after the adrenalectomy he remains normotensive and normokalaemic without any medication. The case illustrates the importance of measuring serum potassium before initiation of any therapy and the need to consider secondary causes even if a primary association is known. It also reinforces the fact that when hypertension becomes difficult to control, a secondary cause has to be searched actively. The association between primary aldosteronism and renal cysts has been highlighted only recently. The association of polycystic kidneys and primary aldosteronism has been reported in the literature only once previously.
Rajasoorya, Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, Alexandra Rd, Singapore 0314
Transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate
Authors: Minagawa Masanori , Yasuda Toshiyuki , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Niimi Hiroo 
Published: December 2008

Minagawa M, Yasuda T, Kobayashi Y, Niimi H. Transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:133:151–5. ISSN 0804–4643
We report three neonates with transient hypoparathyroidism with elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels to clarify further the pathogenesis of late neonatal hypocalcemia and calcium homeostasis. Clinical signs were seizures starting at the age of 10 and 11 days. The biochemical features were characterized by transient hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to a high transport maximum of the phosphate/glomerular filtration rate, despite high PTH levels. All had normal magnesium and calcidiol levels (at least 5 μg/l) for their age, and this precludes hypoparathyroidism due to low magnesium levels and hyperparathyroidism due to overt vitamin D deficiency. To diagnose pseudohypoparathyroidism type I, intravenous human PTH (1–34) infusions were performed; however, they showed brisk responses of plasma and/or urine cyclic AMP in response to the PTH infusion, but the phosphaturic response to the PTH was sluggish compared to the controls. All three showed an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting PTH stimulation of osteoblasts. They were treated initially with calcium lactate or (1α)-hydroxycalciol/calcitriol. Their hypoparathyroid condition, however, was transient: they maintained normal serum calcium and PTH levels without medication before the age of 6 months. The etiology, possibly intracellular signal transduction distal to cyclic AMP and/or distinct from adenylate cyclase in the kidney, is developmental and the condition was resolved completely within 6 months of age. We have termed this condition "transient pseudohypoparathyroidism of the neonate".
M Minagawa, Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260, Japan
Octreotide, but not bromocriptine, increases circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 levels in acromegaly
Authors: de Herder Wouter W , Uitterlinden Piet , van der Lely Aart-Jan , Hofland Leo J , Lamberts Steven WJ 
Published: December 2008

de Herder WW, Uitterlinden P, van der Lely A-J, Hofland LJ. Lamberts SWJ. Octreotide, but not bromocriptine, increases circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 levels in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:195–9. ISSN 0804–4643
Twenty-three patients with active acromegaly underwent serum sampling for growth hormone (GH), insulin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) after placebo or single doses of octreotide or bromocriptine. Integrated 24-h serum GH levels decreased by 90% after octreotide and 49% after bromocriptine. A statistically significant correlation between the course of GH levels after octreotide and bromocriptine was observed (p < 0.001). Octreotide, but not bromocriptine, induced a significant increase in integrated 24-h serum IGFBP-1 levels to 37.4 times the baseline values. Bromocriptine caused a non-significant increase in integrated 24-h serum IGFBP-1 levels, which argues against a direct regulatory effect of GH on IGFBP-1 production in acromegaly. In conclusion, octreotide induces in acromegaly the production of IGFBP-1, which occurs independently of the number of somatostatin receptors on the GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. The supposed inhibitory effect of IGFBP-1 on the biological effect of IGF-I might result in an additional clinical benefit in acromegalic patients as compared to treatment directed at the pituitary level.
WW de Herder, Department of Internal Medicine III and Clinical Endocrinology, University Hospital Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in different geriatric subpopulations from a moderately iodine-deficient Hungarian region. Comparative clinical and hormonal screening
Authors: Szabolcs István , Kovács Zsuzsa , Gönczi Judit , Kákosy Tibor , Góth Miklós , Dohán Orsolya , Kovács László , Szilágyi Géza 
Published: December 2008

Szabolcs I, Kovács Z, Gönczi J, Kákosy T, Góth M, Dohán O, Kovács L, Szilágyi G. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in different geriatric subpopulations from a moderately iodine-deficient Hungarian region. Comparative clinical and hormonal screening. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:294–9. ISSN 0804–4643
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in different geriatric subpopulations from a moderately iodine-deficient Hungarian region and to compare the efficacy of clinical versus hormonal screening. A screening study was done on 279 chronically ill geriatric patients (Group I) and 256 consecutive hospital admissions over 60 years of age (Group II). The method of clinical screening was different from those used so far: the object was not to search for symptoms of hypo- or hyperthyroidism but to find any sign justifying a further thyrotrophin-based biochemical evaluation, i.e. history of thyroid disease or goitre or any clinical sign of hormonal dysfunction. The rates of overt hypothyroidism, overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism discovered by the hormonal screening were 2.9, 1.1, 3.6 and 5.7% in Group I and 3.5, 2.3, 3.9 and 2.0% in Group II. The sensitivities of the clinical screening to suspect overt or overt + subclinical dysfunctions were, respectively, 0.82 and 0.64 in Group I and 1.0 and 0.7 in Group II (or 0.67 and 0.4 if the clinical investigation was done not by an endocrinologist but by the medical attendants). A primarily clinical investigation-based screening would have spared 171/279 thyrotrophin estimation in Group I and 161/256 in Group II, but would have missed 2/11 overt and 11/26 subclinical dysfunctions in Group I. In Group II, no overt but 9/15 subclinical dysfunctions would have been lost in this way. Our approach of a clinical investigation-based screening was rather efficient in suspicion of overt thyroid dysfunction but failed to detect many cases with subclinical dysfunction. As there is increasing evidence from the literature on the clinical importance of subclinical thyroid dysfunction states, the primary screening method should be biochemical, at least in the elderly sick. The prevalence of overt and subclinical dysfunctions would justify the screening of chronically ill hospitalized geriatric patients.
I Szabolcs, HIETE I. Bel, Budapest, PO Box 112, H-1389, Hungary
Test of growth hormone secretion in adults: poor reproducibility of the insulin tolerance test
Authors: Hoeck Hans C , Vestergaard Peter , Jakobsen Poul E , Laurberg Peter 
Published: December 2008

Hoeck HC, Vestergaard P, Jakobsen PE, Laurberg P, Test of growth hormone secretion in adults: poor reproducibility of the insulin tolerance test. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:305–12. ISSN 0804–4643
The insulin tolerance test (ITT) is regarded as the most reliable provocative test in the diagnosis of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in adults. In the present study the test was evaluated by investigating the range of GH responses in normal adult males and females and the intra-individual reproducibility of the test. Sixteen healthy non-obese adults, eight males (median age 31.5 years) and eight females (median age 31.8 years) were tested twice with the ITT, with a minimum of 72 h between each test. The females were tested between day 3 and day 10 of their menstrual cycles. Adequate hypoglycemia was achieved in all cases with a median nadir blood glucose of 1.3 mmol/l (range 0.8–2.0). Growth hormone in serum was measured by immunoradiometric assay and low values were confirmed by a different assay. Median peak GH concentration responses to the ITT were: in males 27.9 μg/l, range 5.0–71.1 (test 1) and 30.5 μg/l, range 7.9–69.5 (test 2); and in females 9.0 μg/l, range 4.1–17.9 (test 1) and 8.4 μg/l, range 0.09–42.4 (test 2). The rise in GH concentration during the ITT was higher in males than in females. In the males, all stimulated GH values were ≥5.0 μg/l. In the females, four out of 16 tests gave values below 5.0 μg/l and in one test the GH value was around the detection limit of the assays. There was poor reproducibility during repeated testing, with no correlation between the results of the two tests. The results did not correlate to the magnitude of the hypoglycemia. The results of this study illustrate the complexity of the regulation of GH secretion and indicate that the ITT is less useful for diagnosing GH deficiency in adults than previously anticipated. The diagnosis of GH deficiency in adults and especially in adult females should not be based on the results of a single ITT alone.
Hans C Hoeck, Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg Regional Hospital, Reberbansgade, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
High prevalence of abnormal adrenal response in girls with central precocious puberty at early pubertal stages
Authors: Lazar Liora , Kauli Rivka , Bruchis Celia , Nordenberg Jardena , Galatzer Avinoam , Pertzelan Athalia 
Published: December 2008

Lazar L, Kauli R, Bruchis C, Nordenberg J. Galatzer A, Pertzelan A. High prevalence of abnormal adrenal response in girls with central precocious puberty at early pubertal stages. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:407–11. ISSN 0804–4643
Abnormal adrenal response is often observed in girls with precocious adrenarche (1). We studied the adrenal response in 112 girls with idiopathic true central precocious puberty (CPP) at early stages of puberty compared to that in 21 girls with normal puberty (controls). The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of abnormal adrenal response at early stages of puberty, the possible correlation of abnormal adrenal response with pubertal signs at onset of puberty and with plasma androgen levels, and a possible association with the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. All participants underwent a combined iv adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)gonadrotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test at Tanner stage 2-3: 62 of the CPP girls before and 50 during treatment with GnRH analog. The stimulated levels of 17-hydroxypregnenolone (17OHPreg) and the stimulated 17OHPreg/17-hydroxyprogesterone ratio were analyzed and compared to previously reported norms. The result revealed three patterns of adrenal response: normal (17OHPreg ⩽24 nmol/l and 17OHPreg/17OHP ratio ⩽7) in 50/112 (44.6%) CPP patients and 17/21 (80.9%) controls; exaggerated (17OHPreg> 24 nmol/l, 17OHPreg/17OHP ratio ⩽ 7) in 50/112 (44.6%) CPP patients and 3/21 (14.3%) controls; and non-classical 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency (17OHPreg> 24 nmol/l and 17OHPreg/17OHP ratio > 7) in 12/112 (10.8%) CPP patients and 1/21 (4.8%) controls. The clinical features at onset of puberty were comparable in all girls with the CPP in spite of the different adrenal response patterns. The levels of androstenedione and testosterone were within normal range in all cases. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was significantly elevated only in 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency, 4.8 ± 2.7 (p < 0.03) as expected. The adrenal response was not affected by GnRH analog therapy. In conclusion, an abnormal adrenal response was found in 55.4% of girls with CPP in early puberty. This response did not cause clinical signs and laboratory findings of a hyperandrogenic state at early stages of puberty and was not affected by the activity of the HPG axis. Its role in evoking precocious puberty remains to be explored further.
A Pertzelan, Institute of Adolescent Endocrinology, Children's Medical Center of Israel, Beilinson Medical Campus, Petah Tiqva 49202, Israel
Changes in prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism associated with labour, and the influence of dexamethasone, RU 486 and progesterone
Authors: Brennand Janet E , Leask Rosemary , Kelly Rodney W , Greer Ian A , Calder Andrew A 
Published: December 2008

Brennand JE, Leask R, Kelly RW, Greer IA, Calder AA. Changes in prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism associated with labour, and the influence of dexamethasone, RU486 and progesterone. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:527–33. ISSN 0804–4643
The objective was to compare the changes in prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism occurring within the fetal membranes that are associated with the onset of parturition and to study the effect of steroid hormones on prostaglandin metabolism. A tissue explant study was made of discs of amnion and chorion obtained from 24 pregnant women at 37–42 weeks' gestation following spontaneous labour and delivery (12 women) and elective caesarean section (12 women). Significantly more prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2α were synthesized by amnion obtained following spontaneous labour than elective caesarean section. Arachidonic acid stimulated both PGE2 and PGE2α synthesis by amnion in both groups. Phorbol myristoyl acetate stimulated PGE2 synthesis in both groups. There was no difference between the groups in the capacity of the chorion to metabolize prostaglandins. Mifepristone (RU 486) reduced the metabolism of added PGE2 following spontaneous labour, while dexamethasone and progesterone had no effect on prostaglandin metabolism. In conclusion, the increase in concentration of PGE2 and PGE2α associated with the onset of spontaneous labour is the result of an increase in synthesis rather than a reduction in metabolism. There was no decrease in metabolism to account for the increase in prostaglandin concentrations and, with the exception of mifepristone, metabolism was not altered by the addition of steroid hormones.
Janet Brennand, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Glasgow Royal Maternity Hospital, Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 ONA, UK