bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent, child, and adolescent lived experience using the insulin-only iLet Bionic Pancreas
Authors: Howard Kelsey R , Garza Kimberly P , Feldman Marissa , Weissberg-Benchell Jill 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems show great promise for improving glycemic outcomes and reducing disease burden for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The current study examined youth and parent perspectives after using the insulin-only iLet Bionic Pancreas (BP) during the 13-week pivotal trial.

Methods
Parents and youth participated in focus group interviews, with questions assessing participants’ experiences in a variety of settings and were grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Qualitative analysis was completed by 3 authors using a hybrid thematic analysis approach.

Results
Qualitative analysis of focus groups revealed a total of 19 sub-themes falling into 5 major themes (Diabetes Burden, Freedom and Flexibility, Daily Routine, Managing Glucose Levels, and User Experience). Participants’ overall experience was positive, with decreased burden and improved freedom and flexibility. Some participants reported challenges in learning to trust the system, adjusting to the user interface, and the system learning their body.

Conclusion
This study adds to the growing literature on patient perspectives on using AID systems and was among the first to assess caregiver and youth experiences with the BP system over an extended period (13 weeks). Patient feedback on physical experiences with the device and experiences trusting the device to manage glucose should inform future development of technologies as well as approaches to education for patients and their families.
Robotic management of superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Authors: Muñoz-Palomeque Santiago A , Tobar-Tinoco Ariadna , Torres-Guaicha Máximo V , Tinoco-Ortiz Tábata L 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wilkie’s syndrome is an unusual cause of upper intestinal obstruction due to mechanical compression of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) to the duodenum, with nonspecific symptoms, whose diagnosis is confirmed by angiotomography. Initially, the treatment is conservative to regain weight and restore mesenteric adipose tissue, associated with postural changes of the patient. If this fails, surgical treatment is indicated, being laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy described as the gold standard. Robotics’ assistance is feasible and safe to carry out the procedure. We present the case of a 21-year-old male patient who comes with stabbing abdominal pain and persistent postprandial vomiting that has caused weight loss of 11 kilograms in the last 2 years without apparent cause, associated with gastroesophageal reflux. During the procedure, we evidenced open diaphragmatic pillars and duodenal compression due to SMA, and robotic-assisted laparoscopic hyatoplasty + Nissen fundoplication + duodenojejunostomy were performed without complications, with excellent post-surgical results.
Lateral process fracture of the talus in a basketball player treated with arthroscopic reduction-internal fixation: a case report
Authors: Morimoto Shota , Morio Futoshi , Tachibana Toshiya , Iseki Tomoya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An open reduction-internal fixation is generally recommended in Type I lateral process fractures of the talus when the dislocation of the fragment is &gt;2 mm. This report describes a case of a lateral process fracture of the talus in a 24-year-old male basketball player who underwent arthroscopic reduction-internal fixation. The patient complained of pain on the lateral aspect of his left ankle during a cutting motion. Based on physical examination and radiological findings, the patient was diagnosed with a lateral process fracture of the talus and underwent surgical treatment with arthroscopic reduction-internal fixation. At 12 weeks after the surgery, bone union was achieved, and the patient was able to resume playing basketball at his pre-injury level without symptoms, complications, or functional impairment. Lateral process fracture of the talus in a 24-year-old male basketball player was successfully treated with arthroscopic reduction-internal fixation.
An approach to achieve tension-free closure and mitigate recurrence in the management of recurrent cervical keloids
Authors: Lohasammakul Suphalerk , Jyot Apram , Chaiyasate Kongkrit 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Keloid is a burdensome condition that negatively affects patient’s quality of life. It is influenced by a spectrum of risk factors, including tension. We propose an approach to address the tension-free closure and optimize surgical outcomes in neck keloid. A retrospective review of neck keloid patients who underwent surgical treatment between 2014 and 2022 was performed. Five patients underwent surgical interventions. Two patients had sufficient and three had insufficient tissue redundancy. The former underwent keloid excision with tension-free closure. The latter underwent keloid excision with full thickness skin graft for tension-free closure. One patient required re-excision with free flap coverage. All patients received postoperative low dose radiation. All patients were satisfied with the results and there were no signs of keloid recurrence during the follow-up period. Tension during closure following keloid excision is a modifiable risk factor. An appropriate algorithm providing tension-free closure can minimize the recurrence.
Multidisciplinary management and surgical resection of a rare posterior mediastinal haemangioma
Authors: Zhang Kaixin , Dai Wei , Yu Hongfan , Shi Qiuling , Xie Shaohua , Hu Bin , Li Qiang , Wei Xing 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mediastinal haemangiomas pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges owing to their rarity and complex anatomy. A 36-year-old man, with a history of smoking and drinking, presented with a posterior mediastinal mass with back pain. Initial investigations suggested a lymphangioma. However, owing to persistent symptoms and complex pathology, we performed surgical intervention involving open resection of the tumour, which was closely associated with the descending aorta and extended into the right posterior mediastinum. The surgical approach was influenced by the proximity of the tumour to vital structures, necessitating an open procedure. Postoperative complications included chylothorax, managed with a fat-free diet. The final pathological diagnosis was consistent with a benign vascular tumour with a low proliferative rate. Two months post-surgery, computed tomography revealed no complications, and the patient’s pain had decreased. A multidisciplinary approach and surgical intervention played important roles in the diagnosis and treatment of this posterior mediastinal haemangioma.
Identifying hot subdwarf stars from photometric data using a Gaussian mixture model and graph neural network
Authors: Liu Wei , Bu Yude , Kong Xiaoming , Yi Zhenping , Liu Meng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hot subdwarf stars are very important for understanding stellar evolution, stellar astrophysics, and binary star systems. Identifying more such stars can help us better understand their statistical distribution, properties, and evolution. In this paper, we present a new method to search for hot subdwarf stars in photometric data (BP, RP, G, g, r, i, z, y) using a machine-learning algorithm, a graph neural network, and a Gaussian mixture model. We use a Gaussian mixture model and Markov distance to build the graph structure, and on the graph structure we use a graph neural network to identify hot subdwarf stars from a dataset containing 31838 stars, with the recall, precision, and F1 score maximized on the original, weight, and synthetic minority oversampling technique datasets. Finally, to validate the model, we selected about 2116 hot subdwarf candidates from the Gaia Data Release 3 database and compared them with the studies by Culpan et al. (2022, A&A, 662, A40) and Geier et al. (2019, A&A, 621, A38).
Radio emission from SN 1181 hosting a white dwarf merger product
Authors: Ko Takatoshi , Tsuna Daichi , Hatsukade Bunyo , Shigeyama Toshikazu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The remnant of the historical supernova 1181 is claimed to be associated with a white dwarf merger remnant J005311. The supernova remnant (SNR) shock, and a termination shock expected to be formed by the intense wind of J005311, are potential sites for radio emission via synchrotron emission from shock-accelerated electrons. In this paper, we estimate the radio emission from these two shocks, and find the peak radio flux to be 0.1–10 mJy (at 0.01–1 GHz) in the outer SNR shock and 0.01–0.1 mJy (at 1–10 GHz) in the inner termination shock. We also search for radio emission from this source in the archival data of the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) Sky Survey at 3 GHz, the NRAO VLA Sky Survey at 1.4 GHz and the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey at 408 MHz, finding no significant detection. While targeted observations with higher sensitivity are desired, we particularly encourage those at higher frequency and angular resolution to probe the inner termination shock and its evolution.
Translational activation by a synthetic PPR protein elucidates control of psbA translation in Arabidopsis chloroplasts
Authors: Rojas Margarita , Chotewutmontri Prakitchai , Barkan Alice 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Translation initiation on chloroplast psbA mRNA in plants scales with light intensity, providing its gene product, D1, as needed to replace photodamaged D1 in Photosystem II. The psbA translational activator HIGH CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE 173 (HCF173) has been hypothesized to mediate this regulation. HCF173 belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily, associates with the psbA 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR), and has been hypothesized to enhance translation by binding an RNA segment that would otherwise pair with and mask the ribosome binding region. To test these hypotheses, we examined whether a synthetic pentatricopeptide repeat (sPPR) protein can substitute for HCF173 when bound to the HCF173 binding site. We show that an sPPR designed to bind HCF173's footprint in the psbA 5′-UTR bound the intended site in vivo and partially substituted for HCF173 to activate psbA translation. However, sPPR-activated translation did not respond to light. These results imply that HCF173 activates translation, at least in part, by sequestering the RNA it binds to maintain an accessible ribosome binding region, and that HCF173 is also required to regulate psbA translation in response to light. Translational activation can be added to the functions that can be programmed with sPPR proteins for synthetic biology applications in chloroplasts.
Multimodal imaging analysis in silver fir reveals coordination in cellulose and lignin deposition
Authors: Pérez-de-Lis Gonzalo , Richard Béatrice , Quilès Fabienne , Deveau Aurélie , Adikurnia Ignatius-Kristia , Rathgeber Cyrille B K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Despite lignin being a key component of wood, the dynamics of tracheid lignification are generally overlooked in xylogenesis studies, which hampers our understanding of environmental drivers and blurs the interpretation of isotopic and anatomical signals stored in tree rings. Here, we analyzed cell wall formation in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) tracheids to determine if cell wall lignification lags behind secondary wall deposition. For this purpose, we applied a multimodal imaging approach combining transmitted light microscopy (TLM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and confocal Raman microspectroscopy (RMS) on anatomical sections of wood microcores collected in northeast France on 11 dates during the 2010 growing season. Wood autofluorescence after laser excitation at 405 and 488 nm associated with the RMS scattering of lignin and cellulose, respectively, which allowed identification of lignifying cells (cells showing lignified and nonlignified wall fractions at the same time) in CLSM images. The number of lignifying cells in CLSM images mirrored the number of wall-thickening birefringent cells in polarized TLM images, revealing highly synchronized kinetics for wall thickening and lignification (similar timings and durations at the cell level). CLSM images and RMS chemical maps revealed a substantial incorporation of lignin into the wall at early stages of secondary wall deposition. Our results show that most of the cellulose and lignin contained in the cell wall undergo concurrent periods of deposition. This suggests a strong synchronization between cellulose and lignin-related features in conifer tree-ring records, as they originated over highly overlapped time frames.
Photosynthetic capacity and assimilate transport of the lower canopy influence maize yield under high planting density
Authors: Yan Yanyan , Duan Fengying , Li Xia , Zhao Rulang , Hou Peng , Zhao Ming , Li Shaokun , Wang Yonghong , Dai Tingbo , Zhou Wenbin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Photosynthesis is a major trait of interest for the development of high-yield crop plants. However, little is known about the effects of high-density planting on photosynthetic responses at the whole-canopy level. Using the high-yielding maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars “LY66,” “MC670,” and “JK968,” we conducted a 2-yr field experiment to assess ear development in addition to leaf characteristics and photosynthetic parameters in each canopy layer at 4 planting densities. Increased planting density promoted high grain yield and population-scale biomass accumulation despite reduced per-plant productivity. MC670 had the strongest adaptability to high-density planting conditions. A physiological analysis showed that increased planting density primarily led to decreases in the single-leaf area above the ear for LY66 and MC670 and below the ear for JK968. Furthermore, high planting density decreased chlorophyll content and the photosynthetic rate due to decreased canopy transmission, leading to severe decreases in single-plant biomass accumulation in the lower canopy. Moreover, increased planting density improved presilking biomass transfer, especially in the lower canopy. The yield showed significant positive relationships with photosynthesis and biomass in the lower canopy, demonstrating the important contributions of these leaves to grain yield under dense planting conditions. Increased planting density led to retarded ear development as a consequence of reduced glucose and fructose contents in the ears, indicating reductions in sugar transport that were associated with limited sink organ development, reduced kernel number, and yield loss. Overall, these findings highlighted the photosynthetic capacities of the lower canopy as promising targets for improving maize yield under dense planting conditions.
Simplified Algorithm for the Worldvolume HMC and the Generalized Thimble HMC
Authors: Fukuma Masafumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Worldvolume Hybrid Monte Carlo method (WV-HMC method) is a reliable and versatile algorithm towards solving the sign problem. Like the tempered Lefschetz thimble method, this method removes the ergodicity problem inherent in algorithms based on Lefschetz thimbles. In addition to this advantage, the WV-HMC method significantly reduces the computational cost because one need not compute the Jacobian of deformation in generating configurations. A crucial step in this method is the RATTLE algorithm, where the Newton method is used at each molecular dynamics step to project a transported configuration onto a submanifold (worldvolume) in the complex space. In this paper, we simplify the RATTLE algorithm by employing a simplified Newton method (the fixed-point method) along with iterative solvers for orthogonal decompositions of vectors, and show that this algorithm further reduces the computational cost. We also apply this algorithm to the HMC algorithm for the generalized thimble method (GT-HMC method). We perform a numerical test for the convergence of the simplified RATTLE algorithm, and show that the convergence depends on the system size only weakly. The application of this simplified algorithm to various models will be reported in subsequent papers.
Anti-Instability of Complex Ghost
Authors: Kubo Jisuke , Kugo Taichiro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We argue that Lee–Wick’s complex ghost appearing in any higher derivative theory is stable and its asymptotic field exists. It may be more appropriate to call it “anti-unstable”, in the sense that the more the ghost "decays" into lighter ordinary particles, the larger the probability that the ghost remains as itself becomes. This is explicitly shown by analyzing the two-point functions of the ghost Heisenberg field which is obtained as an exact result in the N → ∞ limit in a massive scalar ghost theory with light O(N)-vector scalar matter. The anti-instability is a consequence of the fact that the poles of the complex ghost propagator are located on the physical sheet in the complex plane of four-momentum squared. This should be contrasted with the case of the ordinary unstable particle, whose propagator has no pole on the physical sheet.
Evaluating the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma injection for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Deabes Mostafa , Deameh Mohammad Ghassab , Bani Irshid Baha' Aldeen , Al Darraji Ali Hasan , Serag Ibrahim , Almosilhy Nereen A , Dwidar Ahmed , Aldemerdash Mohamed A , Shahin Hatim Nasruldin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is rich in factors that play a role in stem cell recruitment, inflammation modulation, and angiogenesis. With numerous preclinical and clinical studies exploring PRP as a potential treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), this study focused on assessing the effectiveness of intracorporeal PRP injection for ED patients based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Objectives
The study sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intracorporeal injection of PRP in treating ED through a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Methods
This study adhered to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted on online databases (PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) to identify RCTs comparing PRP with a placebo for ED treatment. The primary outcomes assessed were the proportion of patients achieving the minimal clinically important difference in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) domain and the change in the IIEF domain from baseline. The results were combined as a standardized mean difference between the PRP and placebo groups.

Results
Three RCTs comprising 230 patients were included. The overall effect favored PRP over placebo: total patients attaining minimal clinically important difference in the IIEF domain (odds ratio [OR], 5.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05 to 15.55; P = .0008), IIEF change from baseline (mean difference [MD], 2.99; 95% CI, 1.74 to 4.24; P = .00001), PSV (MD, 9.34; 95% CI, 0.84 to 17.84; P = .03), end-diastolic volume (standardized MD, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.83; P = .003), Sexual Encounter Profile question 3 (standardized MD, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.12; P = .00001), and visual analog scale score (MD, −0.30; 95% CI, −0.53 to −0.08; P = .008).

Conclusion
PRP appears to be a safe and effective treatment for mild-to-moderate ED. However, further support from high-quality RCTs is needed to strengthen these findings.
Burlap and buddies: the effects of social enrichment (preweaning mixing) and object enrichment (burlap) on piglet performance, behavior, and welfare in the preweaning environment
Authors: Scott Ashlyn , Le Heiget Arielle , Stefanson Reyna , Ahloy-Dallaire Jamie , King Meagan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
When weaned in commercial operations, piglets are not only separated from their sow but also mixed with unfamiliar pigs in an unfamiliar environment with a new diet. These abrupt changes can be stressful for piglets, often having negative welfare consequences. Our objective was to study the effects of early-life preweaning socialization and object enrichment in the preweaning environment. We compared piglet performance, behavior, and welfare across six treatments that combined multi-litter group size (1 vs. 2 vs. 4 litters) and burlap (yes vs. no). We recorded piglet behavior and lesion-scored sows and piglets. Normal conforming data, expressed per experimental unit (and behavior data were averaged over time), were analyzed by ANOVA. When given the opportunity in the sow barn, piglets in multi-litter groups socialized with other litters. Burlap use (P = 0.08) was observed in &lt; 5% of the observations but tended to increase in mixed litter groups. Cross-sucking was observed in ~12% of the observations within mixed litter groups and tended to increase with mixed group size (P = 0.08). While there was no difference in the proportion of piglets nursing (P &gt; 0.10), piglets were less active in the single crate groups and most active in the groups of two litters mixed (P = 0.03). Additionally, observed piglet/sow biting behaviors did not differ between treatments; however, piglet-piglet biting (P = 0.07), and pen object manipulation (P = 0.07) tended to be observed more frequently in non-enriched groups. Piglet displacements were observed more often in non-enriched groups around the pen (P = 0.03) but tended to be observed more often in enriched groups at the teat (P = 0.07). Preweaning socialization and object enrichment had no impact on the average number of piglets weaned per sow or total piglet mortality (P &gt; 0.10). However, the proportion of laid-on piglets decreased as the number of mixed litters increased (P = 0.02). The average number of lesions per piglet did not differ between treatments. Although the final lesion scores of sow teat and udder condition did not differ between treatments (P &gt; 0.10), sow udder scores tended to worsen more in the single litters than in the mixed litters (P = 0.08). Overall, social and object enrichment allows piglets to socialize at a younger age and to redirect their attention toward an object (burlap) which does not negatively impact piglet or sow performance, or behavior, and may improve piglet welfare around weaning.