bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Newly-developed Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical Robotic Platform (KD-SR-01) in Head and Neck Surgery: A Preclinical Trial in Porcine Models
Authors: Li Chunjie , Ma Zhongkai , Guo Zhiyong , Ding Zhangfan , Cao Chang , He Jialu , Tang Heyi , Lubamba Grace , Hong Jiawei , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhu Guiquan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Robotic surgery is known as the "third technological revolution" in the field of surgery, and is an important milestone in the development of modern surgery. However, there is a notable absence of robots tailored specifically for head and neck surgery. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility, validity, and security of a newly-developed oral and maxillofacial robotic surgical platform in head and neck surgery, comparing it with a standard endoscopic system. Six healthy porcine models were randomly assigned to either the robotic group using KD-SR-01 or the endoscopic group. A single surgeon performed parotidectomy, submandibular gland resection, and neck dissection in both groups, collecting baseline characteristics, operative data, postoperative outcomes, and cognitive workload assessments. The results showed that all operations were completed successfully without any serious complications. The robotic group demonstrated a rapid average docking time of 5.50 ± 1.05 minutes for head and neck surgical procedures, with a total operative time of 88.00 ± 5.76 minutes, compared to 81.33 ± 7.81 minutes in the endoscopic group. Notably, the robotic group had significantly lower estimated blood loss and reduced cognitive workload on the surgeon and assistant. This study concludes that the newly-developed oral and maxillofacial surgical robotic system is technically feasible, safe, and valid for head and neck surgery, holding great promise for the future. However, further investigation through well-designed clinical trials with long-term follow-up is necessary to establish the full potential of this emerging robotic platform.
A Functional Resonance Analytical Methodology exploration of the essential functions of a paediatric major trauma centre responding to a mass casualty incident
Authors: MacKinnon Ralph James , Slater David , Jenner Rachel , Stenfors Terese , Kennedy Christopher , Pukk-Harenstam Karin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Functional Resonance Analytical Methodology (FRAM) is a systematic approach to model and explore how complex systems adapt to variations and to understand resilient properties in the face of perturbations. Mass Casualty Incidents are rare but can significantly stress healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to use FRAM to create a model of a paediatric trauma system during the initial response to the Manchester Arena Attack to provide resilience-based insights for the management of future Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI).
Methods
Qualitative interviews in the immediate aftermath of a terrorist bombing, were followed up with further in-depth probing of subject matter experts to create a validated and verified FRAM model. This model was compared with real incident data, then simplified for future studies.
Results
A Work As Imagined (WAI) model of how a paediatric emergency department provided resilient healthcare for MCI patients from reception and resuscitation to definitive care is presented. A simplified model focussing upon the pathway for the most severely injured patients that will facilitate the simulation of a myriad of potential emergency preparedness resilience response scenarios is also presented.
Conclusions
The systematic approach undertaken in this study has produced a model of a paediatric trauma system during the initial response to the Manchester Arena Attack, providing key insights on how a resilient performance was sustained. This modelling may provide an important step forward in the preparedness and planning for future MCIs.
The Survey on Flourishing: Measuring Subjective Well-Being in an Adolescent Sample
Authors: Salazar Gus C. , Warren Jared S. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Adolescent subjective well-being is a topic that has gained significant focus over recent years. This focus is reflected in the formation of measurement tools and interventions used to better understand and improve adolescent mental health. While these are important steps, there still exist problems related to adolescent subjective well-being measurement. Notably, current measurement tools are limited in their content, applicability to various populations, and in their accessibility.
Aims
The purpose of this paper is to examine the psychometric properties of the Survey on Flourishing (SURF) when used with a nationally representative adolescent sample from the United States. The SURF aims to address some of the issues with current adolescent subjective well-being measurement tools.
Method
A nationally representative US sample of 334 participants participated in the present study. We examined the reliability and validity of the SURF by examining its internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. We also examined the factor structure of the SURF using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
Results
The SURF demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .92), strong positive correlation with convergent measures, and a weak negative correlation with a discriminant measure. A one-factor model best fits the observed data.
Conclusion
The SURF demonstrated good psychometric properties and addresses several of the problems that exist in current measures. The SURF is a useful and effective measure of adolescent subjective well-being.
Multilevel Threshold Image Segmentation of Brain Tumors Using Zebra Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Alhammad Sarah , Khafaga Doaa , Elshoura Doaa , Hosny Khalid M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

A Brain Tumor (BT), further known as an intracranial tumor, is a mass of abnormal tissue whose cells multiply and procreate uncontrolled and appear unaffected by those mechanisms that control normal cells, and it causes many people's deaths each year. BT is frequently detected using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) procedures. One of the greatest common techniques for segmenting medical images is Multilevel Thresholding (MT). MT received the researchers ' attention because of its simplicity, ease of use, and accuracy. Consequently, this paper uses the most recent Zebra Optimization Algorithm (ZOA) to deal with the MT problems of MRI images. The ZOA's performance has been evaluated on 10 MRI images with threshold levels up to 10 and evaluated against five different algorithms: Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA), and Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA). The experimental results, which included numerous performance metrics such as Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal-To-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Feature Similarity Index Metric (FSIM), Normalized Correlation Coefficient (NCC), and fitness values, totally show that the ZOA outperforms all other algorithms based on Kapur's entropy for all the applied measures.
Prevalence and risk factors for suicide attempts in first-episode and drug-naïve middle-aged major depressive disorder patients with impaired fasting glucose
Authors: Wang Guanjun , Ji Yunxin , Wang Kuilai , Lang Xiaoe , Zhang Xiang-Yang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is prevalent among the middle-aged population. Recent studies have found an association between suicide attempts and abnormal glucose metabolism in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there are fewer studies on suicide attempts in middle-aged MDD patients with comorbid IFG. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk of suicide attempts in first-episode, untreated middle-aged MDD patients with IFG.
Methods: A total of 830 middle-aged (35-60 years) patients with first-episode and drug-naïve(FEDN) MDD were included in the study. Among them, 119 patients comorbid abnormal glucose metabolism. Sociodemographic and clinical information, as well as depression, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms, were collected and evaluated. Blood glucose levels, lipid levels, and serum thyroid function were also measured. The predictors of suicide attempt risk of middle-aged FEND MDD patients were identified by binary logistic regression.
Results: Prevalence of suicide attempts in middle-aged MDD patients with IFG was 38.66% (46/119). Significant differences in disease duration, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, blood pressure, anti-thyroglobulin(TGAb),thyroid peroxidases antibody(TPOAb), thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), and total cholesterol (TC) were found in patients who attempted suicide as compared to those who did not. Furthermore, Hamilton anxiety rating scale(HAMA) score, TGAb and disease duration were predictors of suicide attempts in middle-aged MDD patients with comorbid IFG.
Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of suicide attempts in middle-aged MDD patients with comorbid IFG, and we had further identified HAMA, TGAb and disease duration as predictors of suicide attempts in MDD patients with IFG.
Utilization of Machine A Learning Algorithm in the Prediction of Rehospitalization During One-Year Post-Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Aly Salma , Chen Yuying , Ahmed Abdulaziz , Wen Huacong , Mehta Tapan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Study design: Retrospective cohort study
Objective: The primary aim was to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict rehospitalization during the first year of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and to identify top predictors using data obtained during initial rehabilitation. The secondary aim was to predict prolonged hospital stay among the rehospitalized group.
Setting: Eighteen SCI Model Systems centers throughout the United States.
Methods: Data were retrieved from the National Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Database. The participants were divided into 2 groups based on rehospitalization during first year of injury. Those who experienced rehospitalization during first year were further grouped into prolonged stay (> 75th quartile of total length of stay) or non-prolonged stay. Variables considered in models included socio-demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities.
Results: The best performing classification models were Random Forest for predicting rehospitalization and Adaptive Boosting for prolonged stay. The most important predictors in both models were Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor score, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores, age, days from injury to rehabilitation admission and body mass index. Additionally, for prolonged stays, pressure injury as a reason of rehospitalization was top predictor.
Conclusion: The crucial role of factors such as FIM and ASIA scores emerge as pivotal predictors of both rehospitalizations and prolonged rehospitalizations, might guide clinicians in risk assessment. Furthermore, identification of pressure injury as primary predictor for prolonged stays signifies a targeted focus on preventive measures for pressure injury-related rehospitalizations, offering a specific strategy to enhance patient care and outcomes.
Chronic Stress Enhances Glycolysis and Promotes Tumorigenesis
Authors: Qin Qiufeng , Li Shuying , Zhong yixuan , Bai Jing , An Lin , Yang Lei , Gu Wei , Deng Di , Zhao Jinlan , Zhang Rong , Liu Haiquan , Bai Shasha 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Depression is a well-known risk factor for tumors, but the mechanisms other than inflammation are unclear. Aerobic glycolysis is considered to be a critical element in the reprogramming of energy metabolism in malignant tumors, and impaired glycolysis has been reported in the brains of chronic stress mice. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of glycolysis in which depression promotes tumorigenesis. We examined the impacts of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on the growth and metastasis of breast cancer (BC) and lung cancer (LC). The findings showed that both CUMS and tumors induced depressive-like behavior, neuronal damage, and impaired synaptic plasticity in mice, while CUMS also enhanced tumor development and metastasis in both BC and LC. In the brain, both CUMS and tumor alone and in combination significantly reduced glycolytic products and enzyme levels. However, CUMS significantly enhanced the levels of aerobic glycolytic products and enzymes in tumor tissue. Collectively, our results provide insights into that down-regulated glycolysis in the brain, leading to depression-like behavior, and how depression, in turn, enhanced glycolysis and promoted tumorigenesis.
The causal relationship of asthma to sarcopenia revealed by Mendelian randomization analysis and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Haizhu , Zhu Jiajia , Zhang Ruojing , Gou Haixin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
Sarcopenia is age-related muscle loss that results in low hand grip strength, loss of muscle weight and a slow walking speed. Asthma is recognized as a risk factor forsarcopenia. In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) research was utilized to detect the causal impact and association of asthma and sarcopenia.
Methods:
A bidirectional two-sample MR analysis and a related meta-analysis were performed. To avoid the influence of sporadic factors, 3 asthma datasets were employed as exposures. Three datasets related to sarcopenia were used as outcomes.
The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was set as the primary method,and other methods were set as auxiliary methods. Furthermore,these MR results were combined with those of a meta-analysis. The MR Egger method was employed to evaluate heterogeneity. Furthermore, a reverse-directional analysis was conducted to explore the causal impact of sarcopenia on asthma. Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression was utilized to explore genetic associations.
Results:
In the MR analysis of the relationship of asthma to sarcopenia, there was strong evidence of a causal effect of asthma on sarcopenia. The MR analysis of asthma to appendicular lean mass using the IVW method yielded a P value of 0.0047 when using the first dataset. The P value was 3.82E-06 for the second dataset and 1.32E-05 for the third. A P value of 0.0001 was obtained for the relationship of asthma to low hand grip strength using the IVW method with the first dataset, 4.08E-05 with the second and 2.86E-05 with the third. A Pvalue of 0.0425 was obtained for the relationship of asthma to walking speed using the IVW method with the first dataset, 4.23E-03 with the second and 4.23E-03 with the third. The meta-analysis combing 3 studies showed that there was a significant causal effect of asthma on appendicular lean mass (P<0.01), low hand grip strength (P<0.01), and walking speed (P<0.01). Reverse MR analysis suggested that sarcopenia exerted no causal effect onasthma. There was no pleiotropy in this MR study except for that in the reverse MR study. LDSC results suggested a weak genetic association.
Conclusion:
The MR study showed that asthma promotes the development of sarcopenia and is a significant risk factor forsarcopenia. However, a reverse causal effect does not exist.
Superolateral Capsule Portal: A New Arthroscopic Viewing Approach for Spotting Femoral Fixation Device in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ding Ming , Liao BingHui , Shangguan Lei , Wang YingChun , Xu Hu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
this study aimed to describe the arthroscopic superlateral capsule portal technique for spotting femoral fixation device deployment, and to compare the results with normal procedure.
Methods: A total of 69 patients underwent ACLR (Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction) with or without the SCP (superolateral capsule portal) during procedure were retrospectively selected and evaluated. A total of 36 patients underwent SCP and 33 patients underwent ACLR without SCP. Mean follow-up was 6 months after surgery. All patient noted joint fluid, underwent VAS and Lysholm score at follow-up, and statistical analysis was performed.
Results: No statistically significant differences were found in patient demographics, ACLR duration time (p = 0.076) and Lysholm score (p = 0.296). Significantly less postoperation pain was reported in the SCP group(p = 0.000), and fluid volume in SCP group was significantly lower (p = 0.001). The postoperative complications were rare in both group.
Conclusions: The superolateral capsule portal approach is a minimally invasive and safe technique that can be used to accurately locate and implant suture button-based femoral fixation devices in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Genome-wide methylation profiling of Peripheral T-cell lymphomas identifies TRIP13 as a critical driver of tumor proliferation and survival
Authors: Nowialis Pawel , Tobon Julian , Lopusna Katarina , Opavska Jana , Badar Arshee , Chen Duo , Abdelghany Reem , Pozas Gene , Fingeret Jacob , Noel Emma , Riva Alberto , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Opavsky Rene 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Cytosine methylation of genomic DNA contributes to the regulation of gene expression and is involved in normal development including hematopoiesis in mammals. It is catalyzed by the family of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) that include DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) represent a diverse group of aggressive mature T-cell malignancies accounting for approximately 10–15% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases in the US. PTCLs exhibit a broad spectrum of clinical, histological, and immunophenotypic features with poor prognosis and inadequately understood molecular pathobiology. To better understand the molecular landscape and identify candidate genes involved in disease maintenance, we used high-resolution Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) and RNA-seq to profile DNA methylation and gene expression of PTCLs and normal T-cells. We found that the methylation patterns in PTCLs are deregulated and heterogeneous but share 767 hypo- and 567 hypermethylated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) along with 231 genes up- and 91 genes downregulated in all samples suggesting a potential association with tumor development. We further identified 39 hypomethylated promoters associated with increased gene expression in the majority of PTCLs. This putative oncogenic signature included the TRIP13 (thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13) gene whose both genetic and pharmacologic inactivation, inhibited cellular growth of PTCL cell lines by inducing G2-M arrest accompanied by apoptosis suggesting that such an approach might be beneficial in human lymphoma treatment. Altogether we show that human PTCLs are characterized by a large number of recurrent methylation alterations, and demonstrated that TRIP13 is critical for PTCL maintenance in vitro.
Oral health experience of patients in remission from an eating disorder
Authors: Gidlund Ulrica , Hasselblad Tove , Larsson-Gran Pernilla , von Hausswolff-Juhlin Yvonne , Dahllöf Göran 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence on how persons in remission from an eating disorder experience their oral health is limited. Dental treatment in Sweden today is often postponed until medical rehabilitation has been completed, but this carries risks. For the patient, the risk is severely impaired oral health and additional suffering, and for both society and the patient, higher costs than might have been necessary.
Methods
Ten female informants (age 21–51 years; mean age = 36.7; standard deviation ± 12.7) in remission from an eating disorder (duration of illness: 4–25 years) were questioned in semi-structured interviews about their perceptions of oral health. All participants had been referred to a specialist dental clinic and needed oral rehabilitation. One patient had been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and nine, bulimia nervosa. All had been in remission for at least 1 year. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed with thematic analysis using an inductive approach.
Results
One overarching theme emerged from the analysis: dental damage persisted as “a visible, lingering scar” during remission of the eating disorder, reminiscent of the disease and its consequences. The three major themes identified were (1) Physical impact, (2) Psychological impact, and (3) Impact on daily living. The first major theme included erosive tooth wear and impaired oral function and aesthetics. Interviewees described the second as feelings of stigma, guilt, shame, anxiety, and worry, in particular concerning self-inflicted dental damage through self-induced vomiting. The last major theme covered avoidance strategies such as limiting smiling and laughing and minimizing social situations such as eating with others, pursuing a wanted career, and meeting a partner. Postponed dental rehabilitation led to anxiety and worry about future dental deterioration and inevitable extensive dental treatment and costs.
Conclusions
The participants in this study expressed a two-fold burden of stigma of having suffered from both an eating disorder and poor oral health. All participants expressed a profound negative impact on daily life caused by their poor oral health and their eating disorder.
Stochastic model predictive approach for seismic lateral displacement of geosynthetic- reinforced soil slopes based on Newmark's sliding block analysis
Authors: Ghanbari Ali , Nazari Reza A. , Sharafi Hassan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

As a result of technological advances, geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) slopes have been constructed more frequently in recent decades, which have been used extensively in landslide stabilization, highway construction, and geological disaster prevention. A new formula was developed for predicting the probabilistic sliding displacement of GRS slopes in this paper. An example of a model based on numerical simulation (Slide) was illustrated to calculate seismic displacement based on three types of Newmark analysis. A synthetic dataset including 972 numerical simulations was generated for statistical analysis by data derived from real-time strong-ground motions of 30 worldwide earthquakes. An investigation into the relationship between reinforced slope properties and motion characteristics was performed using a parametric analysis. It was concluded that coupled analysis calculated higher values for earthquake-induced sliding displacement of GRS slope. Also, statistical analysis indicated that soil friction angle is more influential on sliding displacement than the other random variables. A cumulative distribution function was constructed for estimating probabilistic seismic displacement based on 5000 Latin-hypercube sampling.
Memory dependent magneto-thermoelastic interaction in a rotating medium based on refined multi-phase-lag model
Authors: De Amrita , Purkait Pallabi , Das Payel , Kanoria Mridula 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article deals with the problem of wave propagation in a two-dimensional rotating medium under the influence of magnetic field based on refined multi-phase-lag model of thermoelasticity theory with memory-dependent derivative. The classical thermoelasticity theory, Lord-Shulman theory, Green-Naghdi IItheory and simple phase lag theory may be established as special cases of the refined multi-phase-lag thermoelasticity theory. A non-Gaussian laser beam is used to heat the bounding plane surface. Laplace and Fourier transform techniques are used to generate analytical formulae for several physical quantities onthe transformed domain. Using MATHEMATICA 10, the inversion of double transform has been performed numerically. Zakian method is used for the numerical inversion of Laplace transform. In order to demonstrate the effect of rotation, magnetic field and different kernel functions on all the main quantities such as displacements,temperature and stresses, the quantities are computed numerically and presented graphically for Lord-Shulman model with memory dependent derivative.