bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patientenverfügung, mutmaßliche Einwilligung und prozedurale Rechtfertigung
Authors: Popp Andreas 
Published: March 2007

Abstract

I. Einleitung

Der Beschluss des 12. Zivilsenats des BGH vom 17.03.2003 zur Mitwirkung des Vormundschaftsgerichts an solchen Entscheidungen, die vom Betreuer stellvertretend für einen aktuell entscheidungsunfähigen Menschen getroffen werden und den Verzicht auf bestimmte lebensverlängernde medizinische Maßnahmen zum Gegenstand haben, hat nicht nur eine breite wissenschaftliche Diskussion über die zivilrechtlichen, strafrechtlichen und verfassungsrechtlichen Aspekte der zugrundeliegenden Problematik (wie auch des explizit rechtsfortbildenden Beschlusses selbst) angestoßen, sondern auch – noch bevor der Fall der US-Amerikanerin Terry Schiavo durch die Medien ging – in der weiteren Öffentlichkeit Beachtung gefunden, nicht zuletzt auf Grund der darin (vermeintlich) zum Ausdruck gebrachten Aufwertung von Patientenverfügungen. Die Entscheidung wird damit – offenbar auch nach den Intentionen des Senats selbst (vgl. S. 222 f.) – Teil eines groß angelegten juristischen, ethischen und nicht zuletzt auch legislatorischen Diskurses um Grundlagen und Reichweite der Patientenautonomie am Lebensende.
Internationaler Strafgerichtshof und Vereinte Nationen in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo
Authors: Hamann Hartmut 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Der Internationale Strafgerichtshof (IStGH) beschäftigt sich aktuell mit Situationen im Sudan, in der Zentralafrikanischen Republik, in Uganda und in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (DR Kongo). Anders als im Sudan ist die Untersuchung der Situation in der DR Kongo dem IStGH von der Regierung der DR Kongo übertragen worden und nicht vom Sicherheitsrat. Der Regierung der DR Kongo gehören Mitglieder konkurrierender Rebellenbewegungen an, deren Verwicklung in militärische Auseinandersetzungen, in deren Zusammenhang gravierende Menschenrechtsverletzungen erfolgt sind, jedenfalls nicht von vornherein ausgeschlossen werden kann. Mit der Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en République démocratique du Congo (MONUC) ist eine umfangreiche UN-Mission in der DR Kongo tätig. Diese UN-Mission hat erklärtermaßen auch zum Ziel, zur Bestrafung der für schwere Menschenrechtsverbrechen verantwortlichen Täter beizutragen. Angesichts der vielfältigen Verwicklungen zwischen verschiedenen regionalen Interessengruppen sowie angesichts de facto fehlender staatlicher Strukturen in weiten Teilen des Landes wird der IStGH wesentlich auf die Zusammenarbeit mit UN-Organisationen angewiesen sein. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit, die vorhandenen Regelungen einer solchen Zusammenarbeit an einem konkreten Fall näher auszuleuchten. Die Verbrechen in der DR Kongo sind auch nach Auffassung des Sicherheitsrats maßgeblich von wirtschaftlichen Interessen, nämlich dem Kampf um die wertvollen Rohstoffe in der DR Kongo motiviert. Die Ermittlungen des IStGH fallen zeitlich zusammen mit Bemühungen, in der DR Kongo wieder einen Rechtsstaat aufzubauen. Ziel der derzeit geltenden Übergangsverfassung ist es, demokratische Wahlen abzuhalten und eine neue an rechtsstaatlichen Kriterien orientierte Verfassung zu verabschieden.
Book Reviews
Authors: Lassiter Luke Eric 
Published: March 2007

'Pictures Bring Us Messages'. Sinaakssiiksi aohtsimaahpihkookiyaawa: Photographs and Histories from the Kainai Nation by Alison K. Brown and Laura Peers, with members of the Kainai Nation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006. 280 pp.Luke Eric Lassiter is Professor of Humanities and Anthropology and Director of the Graduate Humanities Program at Marshall University Graduate College in South Charleston, West Virginia. His work has focused on elaborating the relationships between community expressions and larger systems of history, identity, and meaning, with particular attention to articulating a model for collaborative ethnography. His books include The Chicago Guide to Collaborative Ethnography (University of Chicago Press, 2005).
Movement of Walleyes in Lakes Erie and St. Clair Inferred from Tag Return and Fisheries Data
Authors: Wang Hui‐Yu , Rutherford Edward S. , Cook H. Andrew , Einhouse Donald W. , Haas Robert C. , Johnson Timothy B. , Kenyon Roger , Locke Brian , Turner Mark W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLake Erie walleyes Sander vitreus support important fisheries and have been managed as one stock, although preliminary tag return and genetic analyses suggest the presence of multiple stocks that migrate among basins within Lake Erie and into other portions of the Great Lakes. We examined temporal and spatial movement and abundance patterns of walleye stocks in the three basins of Lake Erie and in Lake St. Clair with the use of tag return and sport and commercial catch‐per‐unit effort (CPUE) data from 1990 to 2001. Based on summer tag returns, western basin walleyes migrated to the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie and to Lake St. Clair and southern Lake Huron, while fish in the central and eastern basins of Lake Erie and in Lake St. Clair were primarily caught within the basins where they were tagged. Seasonal changes in sport and commercial effort and CPUE in Lake Erie confirmed the walleye movements suggested by tag return data. Walleyes tagged in the western basin but recaptured in the central or eastern basin of Lake Erie were generally larger (or older) than those recaptured in the western basin of Lake Erie or in Lake St. Clair. Within spawning stocks, female walleyes had wider ranges of movement than males and there was considerable variation in movement direction, minimum distance moved (mean distance between tagging sites and recapture locations), and mean length among individual spawning stocks. Summer temperatures in the western basin often exceeded the optimal temperature (20–23°C) for growth of large walleyes, and the migration of western basin walleyes might represent a size‐dependent response to warm summer temperatures. Cooler temperatures and abundant soft‐rayed fish probably contributed to an energetically favorable foraging habitat in the central and eastern basins that attracted large walleyes during summer.
Modeling Annual Growth Variation using a Hierarchical Bayesian Approach and the von Bertalanffy Growth Function, with Application to Lake Trout in Southern Lake Huron
Authors: He J. X. , Bence J. R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe compared two models for time‐varying growth using a hierarchical Bayesian approach to inference. Both models were derived from the same time‐invariant von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF), and our model comparisons were based on the deviance information criterion. We fit models to length and age data for 15,675 individual lake troutSalvelinus namaycushcollected during annual spring gill‐net surveys in southern Lake Huron from 1976 to 2004. We found that a model structured with both year and cohort effects outperformed a model that only used the same year‐specific VBGF parameters for all age‐groups. For the better model, the full version that allowed all VBGF parameters to vary over time also outperformed alternatives for which some parameters were constant. Length at age changed greatly over the 1976–2004 period, and in some years different ages changed in different directions. These complex patterns, which were due to the combination of cohort‐specific growth and year‐specific changes in growth environment, were well captured by our model. When we modeled growth as varying over time, inferences about VBGF parameters differed between the two models, and correlations among VBGF parameters also differed from the usually reported relations based on time‐invariant models.
Antimicrobial peptides: an overview of a promising class of therapeutics
Authors: Giuliani Andrea , Pirri Giovanna , Nicoletto Silvia 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides, both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Indeed, one of the major strengths of this class of molecules is their ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides are relatively small (6 to 100 aminoacids), amphipathic molecules of variable length, sequence and structure with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. They usually act through relatively non-specific mechanisms resulting in membranolytic activity but they can also stimulate the innate immune response. Several peptides have already entered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the treatment of catheter site infections, cystic fibrosis, acne, wound healing and patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We review the advantages of these molecules in clinical applications, their disadvantages including their low in vivo stability, high costs of production and the strategies for their discovery and optimization.
Phase Transition in Tl2TeO3: Influence and Origin of the Thallium Lone Pair Distortion.
Authors: Rieger Franziska , Mudring Anja‐Verena 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stabilization of Platinum Oxygen‐Reduction Electrocatalysts Using Gold Clusters.
Authors: Zhang J. , Sasaki K. , Sutter E. , Adzic R. R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
{Ge10Si [Si(SiMe3)3] 4(SiMe3)2Me}‐: A Ge10Si Framework Reveals a Structural Transition onto Elemental Germanium.
Authors: Schnepf Andreas 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Endohedral Stannaspherenes M@Sn‐12: A Rich Class of Stable Molecular Cage Clusters.
Authors: Cui Li‐Feng , Huang Xin , Wang Lei‐Ming , Li Jun , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Intercalation of Iodic Acid into the Layered Uranyl Iodate, UO2(IO3)2(H2O).
Authors: Ling Jie , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electroreductive Generation of (S)‐(+)‐N,N‐Dimethyl‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐pyrrolidinium Mercury Compound for Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐1‐alkyl/aryl Ethanols.
Authors: Yadav Ashok K. , Manju Meera 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Scandium‐Catalyzed Carbon—Carbon Bond Formations Using α‐Organosulfanyl and Organoselanyl‐α‐fluoroacetic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Gotoh Kohei , Yamamoto Teruhisa , Yoshimatsu Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ring‐Expansion Reaction of Cyclic β‐Keto Esters or α‐Cyano Ketones via Conjugate Addition to Alkynyl Imines: The Synthesis of Functionalized Medium‐Sized Carbocycles.
Authors: Hachiya Iwao , Maehara Wataru , Yamada Yasushi , Kamiki Toru , Shimizu Makoto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organozirconium‐Mediated Solution‐ and Solid‐Phase Synthesis of 3‐Benzyl Pyrrolidines and Other Potentially Neuroactive Amines.
Authors: Hunter Rupert A. , Macfarlane Donald P. S. , Whitby Richard J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rearrangement of 3,3‐Disubstituted Indolenines and Synthesis of 2,3‐Substituted Indoles.
Authors: Liu Kevin G. , Robichaud Albert J. , Lo Jennifer R. , Mattes James F. , Cai Yanxuan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of the Enantiomers of the Dual Function 2‐Nitroimidazole Radiation Sensitizer RB 6145.
Authors: Sercel Anthony D. , Beylin Vladimir G. , Marlatt Mark E. , Leja Boguslawa , Showalter H. D. Hollis , Michel Andre 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fused [5,5]‐1,2,4‐Triazoles via Tandem Thioimidate Cyclopropane Rearrangement—Cyclization.
Authors: Di Marco Christina Ng , Kuduk Scott D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Claisen Rearrangement of Bridged Bicyclic Enol Ethers of Relevance to the Course of Ketene s‐cis‐Diene Cycloaddition.
Authors: Robertson Jeremy , Fowler Thomas G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed, Enantioselective Oxodiene Diels—Alder Reactions with Low Catalyst Loadings.
Authors: He Ming , Uc Gerson J. , Bode Jeffrey W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Unusual Terpyridines as Ligands for Novel Light‐Emitting Iridium(III) Complexes: Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: Winter Andreas , Ulbricht Christoph , Holder Elisabeth , Risch Nikolaus , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
P—C Bond Formation via Direct and Three‐Component Conjugate Addition Catalyzed by 1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene (TBD).
Authors: Jiang Zhiyong , Zhang Yan , Ye Weiping , Tan Choon‐Hong 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Uncatalyzed Addition of TMSCN to Acylphosphonates.
Authors: Demir Ayhan S. , Reis Oemer , Kayalar Metin , Eymur Serkan , Reis Barbaros 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Relativistic Functional Groups: Aryl Carbon—Gold Bond Formation by Selective Transmetalation of Boronic Acids.
Authors: Partyka David V. , Zeller Matthias , Hunter Allen D. , Gray Thomas G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemical Constituents of Malagasy Liverworts: Cyclomyltaylanoids from Bazzania madagassa. Part 4.
Authors: Harinantenaina Liva , Kurata Ritsu , Takaoka Shigeru , Asakawa Yoshinori 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oleanane‐Type Triterpenes of Embelia schimperi Leaves.
Authors: Manguro Lawrence Onyango Arot , Okwiri Steve Onyango , Lemmen Peter 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel One‐Pot Reaction Involving Organocopper‐Mediated Reduction/Transmetalation/Asymmetric Alkylation, Leading to the Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized (Z)‐Fluoroalkene Dipeptide Isosteres.
Authors: Narumi Tetsuo , Niida Ayumu , Tomita Kenji , Oishi Shinya , Otaka Akira , Ohno Hiroaki , Fujii Nobutaka 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Aliphatic α‐Amino and γ‐Hydroxy α‐Amino Acids and Introduction of a Template for Crystallization‐Induced Asymmetric Transformation.
Authors: Jakubec Pavol , Berkes Dusan , Kolarovic Andrej , Povazanec Frantisek 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Exclusive Formation of α‐Anomers in NbCl5‐Promoted Ferrier Rearrangement for the Synthesis of 2,3‐Unsaturated Glycosides.
Authors: de Oliveira Ronaldo N. , de Melo Adriana C. N. , Srivastava Rajendra M. , Sinou Denis 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Oasomycin A. Part 2. Synthesis of the C29—C46 Subunit.
Authors: Evans David A. , Nagorny Pavel , Reynolds Dominic J. , McRae Kenneth J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Strain‐Free Total Resonant Sextet Benzenoids and Their Antisextet Dualistis and Retro‐Leapfrogs.
Authors: Dias Jerry Ray 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Interpretation of Scoring Functions Using 3D Molecular Fields. Mapping the Diacyl‐Hydrazine‐Binding Pocket of an Insect Ecdysone Receptor.
Authors: Bordas B. , Belai I. , Lopata A. , Szanto Z. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ADME Evaluation in Drug Discovery. Part 7. Prediction of Oral Absorption by Correlation and Classification.
Authors: Hou Tingjun , Wang Junmei , Zhang Wei , Xu Xiaojie 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
In vitro Drug Sensitivity‐Gene Expression Correlations Involve a Tissue of Origin Dependency.
Authors: Andersson C. R. , Fryknaes M. , Rickardson L. , Larsson R. , Isaksson A. , Gustafsson M. G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Controlled Microwave Heating as an Enabling Technology: Expedient Synthesis of Protease Inhibitors in Perspective
Authors: Larhed Mats , Wannberg Johan , Hallberg Anders 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Phosphonated Nucleosides. Part 1. Furanose, Carbocyclic and Heterocyclic Analogues
Authors: Piperno Anna , Chiacchio Maria A. , Iannazzo Daniela , Romeo Roberto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Maternal postpartum behavior and the emergence of infant–mother and infant–father synchrony in preterm and full‐term infants: The role of neonatal vagal tone
Authors: Feldman Ruth , Eidelman Arthur I. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRelations between maternal postpartum behavior and the emergence of parent‐infant relatedness as a function of infant autonomic maturity were examined in 56 premature infants (birthweight = 1000–1500 g) and 52 full‐term infants. Maternal behavior, mother depressive symptoms, and infant cardiac vagal tone were assessed in the neonatal period. Infant–mother and infant–father synchrony, maternal and paternal affectionate touch, and the home environment were observed at 3 months. Premature birth was associated with higher maternal depression, less maternal behaviors, decreased infant alertness, and lower coordination of maternal behavior with infant alertness in the neonatal period. At 3 months, interactions between premature infants with their mothers and fathers were less synchronous. Interaction effects of premature birth and autonomic maturity indicated that preterm infants with low vagal tone received the lowest amounts of maternal behavior in the postpartum and the least maternal touch at 3 months. Infant–mother and infant–father synchrony were each predicted by cardiac vagal tone and maternal postpartum behavior in both the preterm and full‐term groups. Among preterm infants, additional predictors of parent–infant synchrony were maternal depression (mother only) and the home environment (mother and father). Findings are consistent with evolutionary perspectives on the higher susceptibility of dysregulated infants to rearing contexts and underscore the compensatory mechanisms required for social‐emotional growth under risk conditions for parent–infant bonding. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 290–302, 2007.
Errors in response calculations for non‐classically damped structures
Authors: Warburton G. B. , Soni S. R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe classical normal mode method of determining response is extremely useful for practical calculations, but depends upon the damping matrix being orthogonal with respect to the modal vectors. Approximations that allow the method to be used when this condition is not satisfied have been suggested; the simplest approach is to neglect off‐diagonal terms in the triple matrix product formed from the damping and modal matrices. In this paper the errors in response caused by this approximation are determined for several simple structures for a wide range of damping parameters and different types of excitation. Based on these results a criterion, relating modal damping and natural frequencies, is formulated; if this is satisfied, the errors in response caused by this diagonalization procedure are within acceptable limits.