bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Performance of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Methods on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa) in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soils
Authors: Akter Shadia , Hosenuzzaman Md , Abedin Md Anwarul , Hoque Md Anamul 
Published: April 2024

Improving rice productivity is the challenge for the farmer due to rapid soil health deterioration in intensive agricultural system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate comparative performance of different nutrient management practices in rice production in Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There were six treatments namely, T1 (Control-no fertilizer), T2 (Farmer’s Practice), T3 (Fertilizer Recommendation Guide-2018), T4 (BAU Soil Testing Kit), T5 (Soil Test Basis) and T6 (Rice Crop Manager). The results revealed that all the treatments showed better performances over control (T1). Treatment T4 (BAU Soil Testing Kit) produced the highest value of plant height (90.18 cm), panicle length (24.90), filled grains panicle-1 (122.60) and 1000-grain weight (26.67g) while T5 (Soil Test Basis) produced maximum effective tillers hill-1 (12.80). The highest grain yield (6.29 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.73 t ha-1) were recorded in treatment T4 (BAU Soil Testing Kit). Treatment T4 (BAU Soil Testing Kit) also showed the highest grain yield increase (61.49%) and straw yield increase (90.49%) over control. The highest total N, P and K uptake (108.84 kg ha-1, 24.54 kg ha-1 and 128.17 kg ha-1) were obtained in the treatment T4 (BAU Soil Testing Kit). Control treatment T1 (No fertilizers) showed minimum performances in all the cases compared to other treatments. The overall result demonstrated that the application of fertilizers following BAU Soil Testing Kit method of fertilizer application system is a better option for rice production.
Template‐Independent DNA Polymerases
Authors: Yue Dongxian , Tabor Stanley , Nichols Nicole M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTerminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), is a template‐independent DNA polymerase that catalyzes the incorporation of deoxynucleotides at the 3′‐hydroxyl terminus of DNA, accompanied by the release of inorganic phosphate. TdT does not require a template and will not copy one. Reaction conditions and some applications are described in this unit, including cloning DNA fragments, labeling the 3′ terminus of DNA with 32P or nonradioactive tags, synthesizing model polydeoxynucleotide homopolymers, and detecting DNA damage and apoptotic cells. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 84:3.6.1‐3.6.3. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
RNA Ligases
Authors: Nichols Nicole M. , Tabor Stanley , McReynolds Larry A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractT4 RNA ligase 1 catalyzes the ATP‐dependent covalent joining of single‐stranded 5′‐phosphoryl termini of DNA or RNA to single‐stranded 3′‐hydroxyl termini of DNA or RNA. T4 RNA ligase 2 also catalyzes the joining of a 3′‐hydroxyl terminus of RNA to a 5′‐phosphorylated RNA or DNA; unlike T4 RNA ligase 1, this enzyme prefers double‐stranded substrates. A truncated form of T4 RNA ligase 2 requires a pre‐adenylated substrate for ligation. This unit describes specific reaction conditions, as well as applications such as radioactive labeling of the 3′ termini of RNA, circularizing oligodeoxyribonucleotides and oligoribonucleotides, ligating oligomers and nicks, creating hybrid and chimeric DNA/RNA molecules, and miRNA cloning. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 84:3.15.1‐3.15.4. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Detection of Proteins on Blot Transfer Membranes
Authors: Sasse Joachim , Gallagher Sean R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe staining of proteins bound to a transfer membrane can be useful for determining the efficiency of transfer and marking the location of molecular weight standards. This unit describes three methods for staining blots, using India ink, gold labeling, and fluorescent labeling with SYPRO Ruby. Detection limits of each staining method are given along with a list of compatible blot transfer membranes and gels. A support protocol describes a method for enhancement of staining using alkali treatment. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 84:10.7.1‐10.7.6. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Dietary Manipulation of Mouse Metabolism
Authors: Feige Jérôme N. , Lagouge Marie , Auwerx Johan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe maintenance of metabolic homeostasis relies on the balanced intake of nutrients from food. Consequently, diet composition strongly impacts whole‐body physiology. Dietary formulations with strong nutrient imbalances can lead to metabolic disorders, with lipids and simple sugars playing a prominent role. This unit describes how diet formulation can be modified to generate mouse models of human metabolic pathologies, and it details methodological procedures linked to dietary manipulations, including caloric restriction and introduction of a test compound. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 84:29B.5.1‐29B.5.12. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Use of Affymetrix Mapping Arrays in the Diagnosis of Gene Copy Number Variation
Authors: Delaney Allen D. , Qian Hong , Friedman Jan M. , Marra Marco A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDiagnosing constitutional pathogenic copy number variants requires measuring the submicroscopic segmental chromosomal imbalance. The Affymetrix GeneChip mapping array has been used to measure duplication and deletion of genetic material in DNA samples. This protocol describes the measurement and analysis processes, specifically the computational analyses that are involved in identifying pathogenic copy number variants. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 59:8.13.1‐8.13.16. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Management and Quality Assurance in the Biochemical Genetics Laboratory
Authors: Cowan Tina M. , Strovel Erin T. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractHigh‐quality biochemical genetics testing is critical for proper diagnosis and management of patients with inborn errors of metabolism. An accurate diagnosis is a prerequisite for proper treatment, ongoing management, and ultimately, for optimal clinical outcome. Quality testing in the biochemical genetics laboratory is managed via adherence to federal regulations that govern clinical laboratory testing. However, because these were not specifically written for biochemical genetics laboratories, a number of professional organizations have developed practice guidelines to address gaps in the federal code. This unit reviews these regulations and guidelines as they apply to quality management of the biochemical genetics laboratory, including test validation, personnel standards, proficiency testing, and overall quality management (including quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement). It also provides examples of protocols and forms that can be adapted for the documentation of test validation, personnel training, quality control, and quality assurance. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 59:17.7.1‐17.7.12. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Transesterification of dimethyl oxalate with phenol over TiO2/SiO2: Catalyst screening and reaction optimization
Authors: Yang Xia , Ma Xinbin , Wang Shengping , Gong Jinlong 
Published: October 2008

AbstractPhysicochemical properties of silica‐supported titanium oxide catalysts as well as their performances for transesterification of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) with phenol to methyl phenyl oxalate (MPO) and diphenyl oxalate (DPO) have been investigated systematically. Various wt % of TiO2 were loaded on SiO2 by a two‐step wet impregnation method. The surface properties of TiO2/SiO2 catalysts were explored by various characterization techniques (BET, SEM, ICP, XPS, XRD, FTIR of pyridine adsorption, and NH3‐TPD). Catalytic performances of TiO2/SiO2 catalysts were found to be strongly dependent on TiO2 dispersion and surface acidity. Monolayer dispersion capacity of TiO2 on silica was estimated to be about 4.0 TiO2 molecules per nm2 (SiO2) and no crystalline TiO2 was detected at TiO2 loading less than 12 wt %. FTIR and TPD analysis suggested that weak Lewis acid sites on the surface of TiO2/SiO2 were responsible for their unique selectivity to the target products, MPO and DPO. An optimization of reaction conditions for the transesterification of DMO with phenol was performed over 12 wt % TiO2/SiO2 calcined at 550°C. In addition, we studied the disproportionation reaction from MPO to DPO via a catalytic distillation process, which is highly efficient to promote formation of the desired DPO. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Development of a new soft sensor method using independent component analysis and partial least squares
Authors: Kaneko Hiromasa , Arakawa Masamoto , Funatsu Kimito 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSoft sensors are used widely to estimate a process variable which is difficult to measure online. One of the crucial difficulties of soft sensors is that predictive accuracy drops due to changes of state of chemical plants. To cope with this problem, a regression model can be updated. However, if the model is updated with an abnormal sample, the predictive ability can deteriorate. We have applied the independent component analysis (ICA) method to the soft sensor to increase fault detection ability. Then, we have tried to increase the predictive accuracy. By using the ICA‐based fault detection and classification model, the objective variable can be predicted, updating the PLS model appropriately. We analyzed real industrial data as the application of the proposed method. The proposed method achieved higher predictive accuracy than the traditional one. Furthermore, the nonsteady state could be detected as abnormal correctly by the ICA model. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009
Oxidation führt zu Reduktion – redoxinduzierter Elektronentransfer (RIET)
Authors: Miller Joel S. , Min Kil Sik 
Published: October 2008

AbstractEine Reihe von komplexen Elektronentransferreaktionen wurde beschrieben, bei denen dem Elektronentransfer elektrochemische, chemische und in einigen Fällen biologische Ereignisse nachfolgen. Beispielsweise kann es zu einem sekundären Elektronentransfer kommen, der eine beträchtliche Umlagerung der elektronischen Struktur nach sich zieht, sodass eine anfängliche Oxidation letztlich zu einer Reduktion führen kann oder umgekehrt. Man spricht in diesem Fall von ambivalenten Verbindungen. Außerdem kann gemischtvalentes oder valenztautomeres Verhalten aus diesen komplexen elektronentransferinduzierten Reaktionen resultieren.
Relationships between multiple births and autism spectrum disorders, cerebral palsy, and intellectual disabilities: autism and developmental disabilities monitoring (ADDM) network—2002 surveillance year
Authors: Van Naarden Braun Kim , Schieve Laura , Daniels Julie , Durkin Maureen , Giarelli Ellen , Kirby Russell S. , Lee Li‐Ching , Newschaffer Craig , Nicholas Joyce , Pinto‐Martin Jennifer 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSince the 1970s, the prevalence of multiple births (MBs) in the United States has increased significantly. This has been attributed, in large part, to iatrogenic MBs resulting from infertility treatments that include ovulation stimulation. A past study has indicated that children from MBs have an increased prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP). Other studies also have suggested an association between MBs and intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs); however, results have been inconsistent. From the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network, a surveillance project among several US populations, we obtained MB estimates among children born in 1994 and classified by 8 years of age as having: an ASD (n=1,626 total children from 11 sites; 50 born as part of an MB); CP (n=302 total children from 3 sites; 25 born as part of an MB); or ID (n=1,195 total children from 3 sites; 45 born as part of an MB). All three MB estimates were notably higher than age‐adjusted expected estimates of naturally conceived MBs derived from 1971 US natality data. However, when MB estimates from the ADDM Network were compared with expected MB estimates derived from 1994 natality data for the states corresponding to the relevant ADDM Network sites, we observed no association with ASDs (observed/expected=1.08 [0.78–1.38]), a moderate, but not statistically significant association with ID (observed/expected=1.34 [0.95–1.73]), and a strong association with CP (observed/expected=2.96 [1.80–4.12]). Further investigation of specific types of MBs (natural vs. iatrogenic) is warranted.
Interaction of α‐gliadin with poly(HEMA‐co‐SS): Structural characterization and biological implication
Authors: Liang Li , Pinier Maud , Leroux Jean‐Christophe , Subirade Muriel 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe wheat gluten protein α‐gliadin, a well known trigger of celiac disease, can be complexed by random copolymers of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and sodium 4‐styrene sulfonate (SS). In this work, influence of α‐gliadin and poly(HEMA‐co‐SS) concentrations on α‐gliadin structure was studied using spectroscopic techniques and dynamic light scattering. In 70% ethanol or 0.06M HCl (pH 1.2), α‐gliadin was found to self‐associate upon increasing its concentrations and displayed decreased α‐helical content and increased β‐turn and β‐sheet contents. At pH 1.2, α‐gliadin interacted with poly(HEMA‐co‐SS) to form supra‐molecular complex particles. Poly(HEMA‐co‐SS) induced α‐gliadin structural changes that mimicked those obtained by varying the protein concentration in pure solution. At pH 6.8, α‐gliadin was poorly soluble and formed large particles but α‐helix is still main secondary structure. The influence of the polymer on protein structure was weaker at neutral than acidic pH. Interaction with poly(HEMA‐co‐SS) disrupted α‐gliadin conformation and self‐association to form new complex particles at neutral pH. This study provides insight into the mechanism of poly(HEMA‐co‐SS)/α‐gliadin interaction and the polymer as α‐gliadin sequestering agents in the supportive treatment of celiac disease. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 169–178, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Paramagnetic Liposomes as Innovative Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance (MR) Molecular Imaging Applications
Authors: Terreno Enzo , Delli Castelli Daniela , Cabella Claudia , Dastrù Walter , Sanino Alberto , Stancanello Joseph , Tei Lorenzo , Aime Silvio 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis article illustrates some innovative applications of liposomes loaded with paramagnetic lanthanide‐based complexes in MR molecular imaging field. When a relatively high amount of a GdIII chelate is encapsulated in the vesicle, the nanosystem can simultaneously affect both the longitudinal (R1) and the transverse (R2) relaxation rate of the bulk H2O H‐atoms, and this finding can be exploited to design improved thermosensitive liposomes whose MRI response is not longer dependent on the concentration of the probe. The observation that the liposome compartmentalization of a paramagnetic LnIII complex induce a significant R2 enhancement, primarily caused by magnetic susceptibility effects, prompted us to test the potential of such agents in cell‐targeting MR experiments. The results obtained indicated that these nanoprobes may have a great potential for the MR visualization of cellular targets (like the glutamine membrane transporters) overexpressing in tumor cells. Liposomes loaded with paramagnetic complexes acting as NMR shift reagents have been recently proposed as highly sensitive CEST MRI agents. The main peculiarity of CEST probes is to allow the MR visualization of different agents present in the same region of interest, and this article provides an illustrative example of the in vivo potential of liposome‐based CEST agents.
Zinc‐Handling in Cyanobacteria: An Update
Authors: Blindauer Claudia A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractZinc is a constituent of all six classes of enzymes, plays important roles in gene regulation, and is thought to be essential for most organisms. Despite initial discoveries of cyanobacterial metallothioneins, zinc efflux pumps and uptake systems, and zinc sensors, our knowledge of the zinc requirements, uptake, and detoxification mechanisms of cyanobacteria is still limited. Although cyanobacteria occupy extremely diverse habitats, most available data pertains to freshwater species, and almost no studies of zinc‐handling mechanisms have been conducted in marine species. The current report highlights what is known about zinc homeostasis in cyanobacteria, and presents an analysis of the 40 sequenced cyanobacterial genomes.
The Hydration of Chloroacetonitriles Catalyzed by Mono‐ and Dinuclear RuII‐ and OsII‐Arene Complexes
Authors: Ashraf Shaheen M. , Kandioller Wolfgang , Mendoza‐Ferri Maria‐Grazia , Nazarov Alexey A. , Hartinger Christian G. , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amides is an important reaction for both laboratory and industry purposes. The classical synthesis method requires harsh conditions, gives low yields, and is nonselective due to further hydrolysis of the amides into carboxylic acids. To obtain good yields and high selectivity, transition metal complexes have been utilized as catalysts for this transformation. Herein, a series of RuII‐ and OsII‐arene complexes – based on pyranone, thiopyranone, and pyridinone ligands – were assayed on the hydration of chloroacetonitriles. The influence of the substitution pattern of the ligand, and of the nuclearity and of the type of substrate on the yield, the selectivity, and the turnover numbers are discussed.
The Influence of X‐Rays on the Structural Studies of Peroxide‐Derived Myoglobin Intermediates
Authors: Hersleth Hans‐Petter , Hsiao Ya‐Wen , Ryde Ulf , Görbitz Carl Henrik , Andersson K. Kristoffer 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn recent years, the awareness of potential radiation damage of metal centers in protein crystals during crystallographic data collection has received increasing attention. The radiation damage can lead to radiation‐induced changes and reduction of the metal sites. One of the research fields where these concerns have been comprehensively addressed is the study of the reaction intermediates of the heme peroxidase and oxygenase reaction cycles. For both the resting states and the high‐valent intermediates, the X‐rays used in the structure determination have given undesired side effects through radiation‐induced changes to the trapped intermediates. However, X‐rays have been used to generate and trap the peroxy/hydroperoxy state in crystals. In this review, the structural work and the influence of X‐rays on these intermediates in myoglobin are summarized and viewed in light of analogous studies on similar intermediates in peroxidases and oxygenases.
Influence of (Hydroxymethyl)pyridine and Pyridine‐carboxylic Acids, in trans‐Position to the Isopropylamine and Ammine Ligands, on the Cytotoxicity of Platinum Complexes
Authors: Medina Rosa M. , Rodríguez Jorge , Quiroga Adoración G. , Ramos‐Lima Francisco J. , Moneo Victoria , Carnero Amancio , Navarro‐Ranninger Carmen , Macazaga María J. 
Published: October 2008

Abstracttrans‐PtII Complexes with aliphatic amines and planar amines such as (hydroxymethyl)pyridines, and pyridine‐3‐ and pyridine‐4‐carboxylic acids were synthesized and screened for their potential cytotoxic activity in different cancer cell lines used at the NCI for in vitro screens, i.e., MCF7, NCIH460, and SF268. The complexes studied were designed to differ in geometrical parameters such as the position of the phenyl‐group substituents and the nature of the substituents themselves for gathering information about the structure–activity relationships in the trans‐complexes. The variation of the substituents turns to be crucial for their biological activity, as both pyridine‐3‐ and pyridine‐4‐carboxylic acids in trans‐position to both ammine and isopropylamine ligands provided complexes which displayed no specificity toward any type of cell tested, while (hydroxymethyl)pyridine in trans‐position to isopropylamine ligands led to complexes that were clearly more effective against the cell lines tested.
Studies of Iron‐Uptake Mechanisms in Two Bacterial Species of the Shewanella Genus Adapted to Middle‐Range (Shewanella putrefaciens) or Antarctic (Shewanella gelidimarina) Temperatures
Authors: Pakchung Amalie A. H. , Soe Cho Z. , Codd Rachel 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIron(III)‐uptake mechanisms in bacteria indigenous to the Antarctic, which is the most Fe‐deficient continent on Earth, have not been extensively studied. The cold‐adapted, Antarctic bacterium, Shewanella gelidimarina, does not produce detectable levels of the siderophore, putrebactin, in the supernatant of FeIII‐deprived cultures. This is distinct from the putrebactin‐producing bacterium from the same genus, Shewanella putrefaciens, which is adapted to middle‐range temperatures. The production of putrebactin by S. putrefaciens is optimal, when the pH value of the medium is 7.0. According to the strong positive response from whole cells in the Chrome Azurol S (CAS) agar diffusion assay, Shewanella gelidimarina appears to produce cell‐associated siderophores. In the RP‐HPLC trace of an FeIII‐loaded extract from the cell‐associated components of S. gelidimarina cultured in media with [FeIII] ca. 0 μM, a peak appears at [MeCN] ca. 77%, which decreases in intensity in a parallel experiment in which [FeIII] ca. 5 μM, and is barely detectable in FeIII‐replete media ([FeIII] ca. 20 μM). The FeIII‐dependence of this peak suggests that the attendant species, which is significantly more hydrophobic than putrebactin (RP‐HPLC elution: [MeCN] ca. 14%), is associated with FeIII‐management in S. gelidimarina. This study highlights the diversity in FeIII‐uptake mechanisms in Shewanella species adapted to different environmental and thermal niches.
KP1019, A New Redox‐Active Anticancer Agent – Preclinical Development and Results of a Clinical Phase I Study in Tumor Patients
Authors: Hartinger Christian G. , Jakupec Michael A. , Zorbas‐Seifried Stefanie , Groessl Michael , Egger Alexander , Berger Walter , Zorbas Haralabos , Dyson Paul J. , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe promising drug candidate indazolium trans‐[tetrachlorobis(1H‐indazole)ruthenate(III)] (KP1019) is the second Ru‐based anticancer agent to enter clinical trials. In this review, which is an update of a paper from 2006 (Hartinger et al., J. Inorg. Biochem. 2006, 100, 891–904), the experimental evidence for the proposed mode of action of this coordination compound is discussed, including transport into the cell via the transferrin cycle and activation by reduction. The results of the early clinical development of KP1019 are summarized in which five out of six evaluated patients experienced disease stabilization with no severe side effects.
Novel Endothall‐Containing Platinum(IV) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Reithofer Michael R. , Valiahdi Seied M. , Galanski Mathea Sophia , Jakupec Michael A. , Arion Vladimir B. , Keppler Bernhard K. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTwo platinum(IV) complexes (OC‐6‐33)‐dichlorido(ethane‐1,2‐diamine)dihydroxidoplatinum(IV) and (OC‐6‐33)‐diammine(dichlorido)dihydroxidoplatinum(IV) were carboxylated using demethylcantharidin as carboxylation agent. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, multinuclear (1H, 13C, 15N, and 195Pt) NMR spectroscopy, and, in case of (OC‐6‐33)‐diamminebis(3‐carboxy‐7exo‐oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane‐2‐carboxylato)dichloridoplatinum(IV) via X‐ray diffraction. Cytotoxicity of the complexes was studied in seven human cancer cell lines representing five tumor entities, i.e., ovarian carcinoma (CH1, SK‐OV‐3), cervical carcinoma (HeLa), colon carcinoma (SW480, HCT‐116), osteosarcoma (U‐2 OS), and hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2) by means of the MTT (=3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium hydrobromide) assay.