bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attentional bias for hands: Cascade dual‐decoder transformer for sign language production
Authors: Ma Xiaohan , Jin Rize , Wang Jianming , Chung Tae‐Sun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSign Language Production (SLP) refers to the task of translating textural forms of spoken language into corresponding sign language expressions. Sign languages convey meaning by means of multiple asynchronous articulators, including manual and non‐manual information channels. Recent deep learning‐based SLP models directly generate the full‐articulatory sign sequence from the text input in an end‐to‐end manner. However, these models largely down weight the importance of subtle differences in the manual articulation due to the effect of regression to the mean. To explore these neglected aspects, an efficient cascade dual‐decoder Transformer (CasDual‐Transformer) for SLP is proposed to learn, successively, two mappings SLPhand: Text → Hand pose and SLPsign: Text → Sign pose, utilising an attention‐based alignment module that fuses the hand and sign features from previous time steps to predict more expressive sign pose at the current time step. In addition, to provide more efficacious guidance, a novel spatio‐temporal loss to penalise shape dissimilarity and temporal distortions of produced sequences is introduced. Experimental studies are performed on two benchmark sign language datasets from distinct cultures to verify the performance of the proposed model. Both quantitative and qualitative results show that the authors’ model demonstrates competitive performance compared to state‐of‐the‐art models, and in some cases, achieves considerable improvements over them.
Analysis of disulfidptosis‐ and cuproptosis‐related LncRNAs in modulating the immune microenvironment and chemosensitivity in colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fan Qiang , Wu Guang‐Bo , Chen Min , Zheng Lei , Li Hong‐Jie , Xiang Lv‐Zhu , Luo Meng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main objective was to establish a prognostic model utilising long non‐coding RNAs associated with disulfidptosis and cuproptosis. The data for RNA‐Sequence and clinicopathological information of Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A prognostic model was constructed using Cox regression and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator method. The model's predictive ability was assessed through principal component analysis, Kaplan–Meier analysis, nomogram etc. The ability of identifying the rates of overall survival, infiltration of immune cells, and chemosensitivity was also explored. In vitro experiments were conducted for the validation of differential expression and function of lncRNAs. A disulfidptosis and cuproptosis‐related lncRNA prognostic model was constructed. The prognostic model exhibits excellent independent predictive capability for patient outcomes. Based on the authors’ model, the high‐risk group exhibited higher tumour mutation burdened worse survival. Besides, differences in immune cell infiltration and responsiveness to chemotherapeutic medications exist among patients with different risk scores. Furthermore, aberrant expressions in certain lncRNAs have been validated in HCT116 cells. In particular, FENDRR and SNHG7 could affect the proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer cells. Our study developed a novel prognostic signature, providing valuable insights into prognosis, immune infiltration, and chemosensitivity in COAD patients.
Probing the physics of star formation (ProPStar)
Authors: Pineda Jaime E. , Sipilä Olli , Segura-Cox Dominique M. , Valdivia-Mena Maria Teresa , Neri Roberto , Kuffmeier Michael , Ivlev Alexei V. , Offner Stella S. R. , Maureira Maria Jose , Caselli Paola , Spezzano Silvia , Cunningham Nichol , Schmiedeke Anika , Chen Mike 
Published: March 2024

Context. Electron fraction and cosmic-ray ionization rates in star-forming regions are important quantities in astrochemical modeling and are critical to the degree of coupling between neutrals, ions, and electrons, which regulates the dynamics of the magnetic field. However, these are difficult quantities to estimate.
Aims. We aim to derive the electron fraction and cosmic-ray ionization rate maps of an active star-forming region.
Methods. We combined observations of the nearby NGC 1333 star-forming region carried out with the NOEMA interferometer and IRAM 30 m single dish to generate high spatial dynamic range maps of different molecular transitions. We used the DCO+ and H13CO+ ratio (in addition to complementary data) to estimate the electron fraction and produce cosmic-ray ionization rate maps.
Results. We derived the first large-area electron fraction and cosmic-ray ionization rate resolved maps in a star-forming region, with typical values of 10−65 and 10−16.5 s−1, respectively. The maps present clear evidence of enhanced values around embedded young stellar objects (YSOs). This provides strong evidence for locally accelerated cosmic rays. We also found a strong enhancement toward the northwest region in the map that might be related either to an interaction with a bubble or to locally generated cosmic rays by YSOs. We used the typical electron fraction and derived a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence dissipation scale of 0.054 pc, which could be tested with future observations.
Conclusions. We found a higher cosmic-ray ionization rate compared to the canonical value for N(H2) = 1021−1023 cm−2 of 10−17 s−1 in the region, and it is likely generated by the accreting YSOs. The high value of the electron fraction suggests that new disks will form from gas in the ideal-MHD limit. This indicates that local enhancements of ζ(H2), due to YSOs, should be taken into account in the analysis of clustered star formation.
Toward mapping turbulence in the intra-cluster medium
Authors: Beaumont S. , Molin A. , Clerc N. , Pointecouteau E. , Vanel M. , Cucchetti E. , Peille P. , Pajot F. 
Published: March 2024

Context. Future X-ray observatories with high spectral resolution and imaging capabilities will enable measurements and mappings of emission line shifts in the intracluster medium (ICM). Such direct measurements can serve as unique probes of turbulent motions in the ICM. Determining the level and scales of turbulence will improve our understanding of the galaxy cluster dynamical evolution and assembly, together with a more precise evaluation of the non thermal support pressure budget. This will allow for more accurate constraints to be placed on the masses of galaxy clusters, among other potential benefits.
Aims. In this view, we implemented the methods presented in the previous instalments of our work to characterising the turbulence in the intra-cluster medium in a feasibility study with the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on board the future European X-ray observatory, Athena.
Methods. From idealized mock observations of a toy model cluster, we reconstructed the second-order structure function built with the observed velocity field to constrain the turbulence. We carefully accounted for the various sources of errors to derive the most realistic and comprehensive error budget within the limits of our approach. With prior assumptions on the dissipation scale and power spectrum slope, we constrained the parameters of the turbulent power spectrum model through the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling.
Results. With a very long exposure time, a favourable configuration, and a prior assumption of the dissipation scale, we were able to retrieve the injection scale, velocity dispersion, and power spectrum slope, with 1σ uncertainties for better than ∼15% of the input values. We demonstrated the efficiency of our carefully set framework to constrain the turbulence in the ICM from high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic observations, paving the way for more in-depth investigation of the optimal required observing strategy within a more restrictive observational setup with the future Athena/X-IFU instrument.
Social networks of men who have sex with men engaging in chemsex in Germany: differences in social resources and sexual health
Authors: Hille Zeev , Ulrich Hannes , Straßburger Vera Maren , Buspavanich Pichit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMeyer’s minority stress model posits that sexual minority communities can act as protective factors for individuals within the sexual minority. Given that existing evidence on this proposition is inconclusive, a social network approach was employed to capture diversity in the social environment of individuals involved in chemsex that might account for variations in social resources and sexual health. This study examined the social networks of men who have sex with men (MSM) involved in sexualised drug use, using data from a cross-sectional online survey. Utilising cluster analysis, four distinct social network types were identified based on network composition: MSM-diverse, partner-focused, family-diverse, and chemsex-restricted. In terms of social resources, the four network types did not exhibit significant differences in social support. However, individuals with a chemsex-restricted social network reported stronger social influence related to chemsex and less social engagement outside of chemsex. Contrary to initial expectations, the four network types did not differ in chemsex-related consequences or sexual satisfaction. MSM engaged in chemsex for over 5 years reported more chemsex-related consequences and lower sexual satisfaction, particularly those with a family-diverse social network. Additionally, indicators of network quality, such as perceived emotional closeness, reciprocity with network members, and overall satisfaction with the network, were more influential in predicting sexual health outcomes than social resources. The findings of the study suggest that the social environment of MSM engaged in chemsex plays a role in shaping their experiences. Insufficient inclusion in a sexual minority community is potentially associated with an elevated risk of poor sexual health. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring interventions to address the diverse needs of individuals exposed to different social environments.
Do universities support solutions-oriented collaborative research? Constraints to wicked problems scholarship in higher education
Authors: Carolan Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuestions abound over how universities should teach and prepare the next generation of researchers to confront current and future wicked problems. With so much focus on curriculum and training, it is crucial that we step back and reflect on higher education’s capabilities to foster solution-oriented, collaborative research. What do the institutional incentive structures in higher education support, in terms of practices and outputs related to scholarship? And are those structures felt evenly across the academy? Those doing research in these spaces—in terms of title, autonomy, power, privilege, and status—vary widely by their institutional locations as well as in terms of their ties to broader disciplinary norms. To assess whether these dynamic, contested institutional landscapes afford so-called wicked problem scholarship, this paper draws from survey and interview data collected from 44 researchers working at the nexus of food, energy, and water systems at Carnegie Research 1 universities in the United States. Findings point to an uneven institutional landscape, which is shown to shape in different ways the type of solutions-oriented, collaborative scholarship fostered across the five positions examined. The paper concludes by reflecting on the paper’s findings, particularly in terms of what the data tell us about higher education as a place that fosters wicked problems scholarship, while also highlighting the study’s limitations.
Impact of internet celebrities’ short videos on audiences’ visit intentions: Is beauty power?
Authors: Li Peng , Sun Yang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough celebrity endorsements and promotional videos dominated by destination marketing organizations (DMOs) are critical in travel decision-making and destination marketing, as a new type of endorsement, the impact of internet celebrities’ short travel videos on social platforms remains not well understood. To bridge this gap, the current study applied source credibility theory and the match-up hypothesis to construct a conceptual model for examining the impact of internet celebrity endorsements on audiences’ visit intentions. FangQi Kiki, a typical producer of short travel videos on TikTok, was used as a case study. 649 valid samples were taken from respondents who were asked to complete a questionnaire after watching a short video. The results showed that internet celebrities’ trustworthiness and expertise significantly affect audiences’ visit intentions. However, attractiveness in terms of the physical characteristics of internet celebrities and internet celebrity–destination congruence had no significant effect on audiences’ visit intentions. The implications show that “Appearance Fallacy” exists in online influencers’ marketing, and physical appearance may affect the popularity of short travel videos online, but it has no significant effect on promoting destination marketing. Unlike the celebrity effect in conventional endorsements, internet celebrities’ short videos belong to content marketing, where popular content is more important than an internet celebrity’s personality. This research adds to the body of knowledge concerned with internet celebrity endorsements in tourism, providing valuable insights for DMOs to project short video marketing.
Extending error bounds for radial basis function interpolation to measuring the error in higher order Sobolev norms
Authors: Hangelbroek T. , Rieger C. 
Published: March 2024

Radial basis functions (RBFs) are prominent examples for reproducing kernels with associated reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs). The convergence theory for the kernel-based interpolation in that space is well understood and optimal rates for the whole RKHS are often known. Schaback added the doubling trick [Math. Comp. 68 (1999), pp. 201–216], which shows that functions having double the smoothness required by the RKHS (along with specific, albeit complicated boundary behavior) can be approximated with higher convergence rates than the optimal rates for the whole space. Other advances allowed interpolation of target functions which are less smooth, and different norms which measure interpolation error. The current state of the art of error analysis for RBF interpolation treats target functions having smoothness up to twice that of the native space, but error measured in norms which are weaker than that required for membership in the RKHS.

Motivated by the fact that the kernels and the approximants they generate are smoother than required by the native space, this article extends the doubling trick to error which measures higher smoothness. This extension holds for a family of kernels satisfying easily checked hypotheses which we describe in this article, and includes many prominent RBFs. In the course of the proof, new convergence rates are obtained for the abstract operator considered by Devore and Ron in [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 362 (2010), pp. 6205–6229], and new Bernstein estimates are obtained relating high order smoothness norms to the native space norm.
On weak solutions to the kinetic Cucker–Smale model with singular communication weights
Authors: Choi Young-Pil , Jung Jinwook 
Published: March 2024

We establish the local-in-time existence of weak solutions to the kinetic Cucker–Smale model with singular communication weights

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Afferent Renal Denervation Attenuates Sympathetic Overactivation From the Paraventricular Nucleus in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Li Kun-Hui , Lin Jie-Min , Luo Si-Qi , Li Min-Yan , Yang Yi-Yong , Li Meng-Meng , Xia Pan-Yan , Su Jin-Zi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The effectiveness of renal denervation (RDN) in reducing blood pressure and systemic sympathetic activity in hypertensive patients has been established. However, the underlying central mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of RDN in regulating cardiovascular function via the central renin–angiotensin system (RAS) pathway.

METHODS
Ten-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to selective afferent renal denervation (ADN) using capsaicin solution. We hypothesized that ADN would effectively reduce blood pressure and rebalance the RAS component of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in SHR.

RESULTS
The experimental results show that the ADN group exhibited significantly lower blood pressure, reduced systemic sympathetic activity, decreased chronic neuronal activation marker C-FOS expression in the PVN, and improved arterial baroreflex function, compared with the Sham group. Furthermore, ACE and AT1 protein expression was reduced while ACE2 and MAS protein expression was increased in the PVN of SHR after ADN.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that RDN may exert these beneficial effects through modulating the central RAS pathway.
Towards a territorialisation of the circular economy: the proximity of stakeholders and resources matters
Authors: Chembessi Chedrak , Bourdin Sébastien , Torre André 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article explores the territorialisation of the circular economy (CE) and analyses how the geographical and organised proximities of stakeholders facilitate the mobilisation of local resources for CE projects. It focuses on two local CE initiatives in Quebec (Canada) and France, for which 70 semi-structured interviews were conducted. The results highlight the importance of tangible and intangible territorial resources and demonstrate that geographical and organised proximities are crucial to the success of these initiatives. The relational dynamic between local players, stimulated by a sense of belonging and shared values, encourages commitment to CE. Thus, our study showcases the territorialisation of CE and emphasises the conditions enabling such activities to take root locally. This study has significant political implications and suggests the crucial role that local authorities must play in the deployment of CE projects.
Community detection based on nonnegative matrix tri-factorization for multiplex social networks
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Fenfen , Zhou Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNowadays, community detection is one of the important fields for understanding network topology and has many applications in information diffusion, interaction mining and migration behaviour analysis. Therefore, community detection in social networks can help to understand user behaviour and network characteristics. There are many community detection methods, which are often designed for single-layer social networks. However, real-world networks use several types of relationships to establish connections between users, each of which has different characteristics. Hence, real-world networks can be modelled as multiplex networks. In general, multiplex networks are an example of multilayer networks in which the relationships between users in different networks can be considered simultaneously. In these networks, each layer represents the connections between users in a social network. Meanwhile, communities in multiplex networks are identified based on the structure and connections between overlapping users in different layers of the network. In this article, the nonnegative matrix tri-factorization (NMTF) strategy is used to model multiplex social networks, and a solution for community detection is developed based on it. According to this strategy, a common consensus matrix and then an alignment matrix are extracted based on similarity metrics and network structure. The use of these matrices as a flexible modelling framework enables the detection of coherent community between overlapping users in multiplex social networks. We evaluate the proposed NMTF method through various metrics on a multiplex social network. The results of this evaluation show the better performance of NMTF in terms of community quality compared to equivalent methods.
American Gastroenterological Association-Proposed Fecal Calprotectin Cutoff of 50 ug/g is Associated With Endoscopic Recurrence in a Real-World Cohort of Patients With Crohn’s Disease Post-ileocolic Resection
Authors: Li Terry , Shah Ravi , Click Benjamin , Cohen Benjamin L , Barnes Edward , Joseph Abel , Bachour Salam , Hu Jessica , Contreras Susell , Li Elizabeth , Axelrad Jordan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a reliable predictor of active bowel inflammation in postoperative Crohn’s disease (CD), but cutoffs vary between studies. Recent guidelines recommend a cutoff of &lt;50 ug/g to avoid routine endoscopy in patients at low pretest probability for CD recurrence. We evaluated the performance of this threshold in a real-world CD cohort after ileocolic resection (ICR).

Methods
In this retrospective study, patients with CD post-ICR between 2009 to 2020 with FC &gt; 60 days but &lt; 1 year of surgery were included from a multicenter database. Established risk factors and/or biologic prophylaxis (biologic within 90 days of surgery) defined pretest probability. Those without postoperative colonoscopy were excluded. Rates of endoscopic recurrence, defined as Rutgeerts score ≥ i2b at any time after surgery, were compared between FC &lt; 50 versus  ≥ 50 ug/g. Student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact test were utilized for statistical analysis. All postoperative FCs were matched to closest colonoscopy within 1 year to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Results
Thirty-seven patients categorized as either low-risk or high-risk and received biologic prophylaxis and had postoperative colonoscopy were included. Median time to first FC was 217 days (IQR 131–288). 15 (41%) patients had initial FC &lt; 50 ug/g versus 22 (59%) ≥50 ug/g. Median time to first colonoscopy was 234 days (IQR 189–369). Compared to initial FC ≥ 50 ug/g, FC &lt; 50ug/g experienced less endoscopic recurrence (0% vs. 36%, P = .005). Median time to first endoscopic recurrence in FC ≥ 50 ug/g was 145 days. There were 39 matched pairs of FC and colonoscopy. At an FC cutoff of 50 ug/g, calculated sensitivity was 90% and NPV was 93%, whereas specificity and PPV were 48% and 38%, respectively.

Conclusions
In this real-world cohort, FC &lt; 50 ug/g is a useful cutoff to exclude endoscopic recurrence in a post-ICR CD population that is at low pretest probability of recurrence.