bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Task-state skin potential abnormalities can distinguish major depressive disorder and bipolar depression from healthy controls
Authors: Lyu Hailong , Huang Huimin , He Jiadong , Zhu Sheng , Hong Wanchu , Lai Jianbo , Gao Tongsheng , Shao Jiamin , Zhu Jianfeng , Li Yubo , Hu Shaohua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEarly detection of bipolar depression (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) has been challenging due to the lack of reliable and easily measurable biological markers. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of discriminating patients with mood disorders from healthy controls based on task state skin potential characteristics and their correlation with individual indicators of oxidative stress. A total of 77 patients with BPD, 53 patients with MDD, and 79 healthy controls were recruited. A custom-made device, previously shown to be sufficiently accurate, was used to collect skin potential data during six emotion-inducing tasks involving video, pictorial, or textual stimuli. Blood indicators reflecting individual levels of oxidative stress were collected. A discriminant model based on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was constructed for discriminant analysis. MDD and BPD patients were found to have abnormal skin potential characteristics on most tasks. The accuracy of the SVM model built with SP features to discriminate MDD patients from healthy controls was 78% (sensitivity 78%, specificity 82%). The SVM model gave an accuracy of 59% (sensitivity 59%, specificity 79%) in classifying BPD patients, MDD patients, and healthy controls into three groups. Significant correlations were also found between oxidative stress indicators in the blood of patients and certain SP features. Patients with depression and bipolar depression have abnormalities in task-state skin potential that partially reflect the pathological mechanism of the illness, and the abnormalities are potential biological markers of affective disorders.
Effect of antipsychotic drugs on group II metabotropic glutamate receptor expression and epigenetic control in postmortem brains of schizophrenia subjects
Authors: DelaCuesta-Barrutia Jon , Martínez-Peula Oihane , Rivero Guadalupe , Santas-Martín Jon A. , Munarriz-Cuezva Eva , Brocos-Mosquera Iria , Miranda-Azpiazu Patricia , Diez-Alarcia Rebeca , Morentin Benito , Honer William G. , Callado Luis F. , Erdozain Amaia M. , Ramos-Miguel Alfredo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAntipsychotic-induced low availability of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (including mGlu2R and mGlu3R) in brains of schizophrenia patients may explain the limited efficacy of mGlu2/3R ligands in clinical trials. Studies evaluating mGlu2/3R levels in well-designed, large postmortem brain cohorts are needed to address this issue. Postmortem samples from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 96 schizophrenia subjects and matched controls were collected. Toxicological analyses identified cases who were (AP+) or were not (AP-) receiving antipsychotic treatment near the time of death. Protein and mRNA levels of mGlu2R and mGlu3R, as well as GRM2 and GRM3 promoter-attached histone posttranslational modifications, were quantified. Experimental animal models were used to compare with data obtained in human tissues. Compared to matched controls, schizophrenia cortical samples had lower mGlu2R protein amounts, regardless of antipsychotic medication. Downregulation of mGlu3R was observed in AP- schizophrenia subjects only. Greater predicted occupancy values of dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2A receptors correlated with higher density of mGlu3R, but not mGlu2R. Clozapine treatment and maternal immune activation in rodents mimicked the mGlu2R, but not mGlu3R regulation observed in schizophrenia brains. mGlu2R and mGlu3R mRNA levels, and the epigenetic control mechanisms did not parallel the alterations at the protein level, and in some groups correlated inversely. Insufficient cortical availability of mGlu2R and mGlu3R may be associated with schizophrenia. Antipsychotic treatment may normalize mGlu3R, but not mGlu2R protein levels. A model in which epigenetic feedback mechanisms controlling mGlu3R expression are activated to counterbalance mGluR loss of function is described.
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) combined with the drug repurposing approach CUSP9v3 induce metabolic reprogramming and synergistic anti-glioblastoma activity in vitro
Authors: Cao Qiyu , Hajosch Annika , Kast Richard Eric , Loehmann Christopher , Hlavac Michal , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Strobel Hannah , Westhoff Mike-Andrew , Siegelin Markus D. , Wirtz Christian Rainer , Halatsch Marc-Eric , Karpel-Massler Georg 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma represents a brain tumor with a notoriously poor prognosis. First-line therapy may include adjunctive Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) which are electric fields that are continuously delivered to the brain through non-invasive arrays. On a different note, CUSP9v3 represents a drug repurposing strategy that includes 9 repurposed drugs plus metronomic temozolomide. Here, we examined whether TTFields enhance the antineoplastic activity of CUSP9v3 against this disease.

Methods
We performed preclinical testing of a multimodal approach of TTFields and CUSP9v3 in different glioblastoma models.

Results
TTFields had predominantly synergistic inhibitory effects on the cell viability of glioblastoma cells and non-directed movement was significantly impaired when combined with CUSP9v3. TTFields plus CUSP9v3 significantly enhanced apoptosis, which was associated with a decreased mitochondrial outer membrane potential (MOMP), enhanced cleavage of effector caspase 3 and reduced expression of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Moreover, oxidative phosphorylation and expression of respiratory chain complexes I, III and IV was markedly reduced.

Conclusion
TTFields strongly enhance the CUSP9v3-mediated anti-glioblastoma activity. TTFields are currently widely used for the treatment of glioblastoma patients and CUSP9v3 was shown to have a favorable safety profile in a phase Ib/IIa trial (NCT02770378) which facilitates transition of this multimodal approach to the clinical setting.
Capivasertib combines with docetaxel to enhance anti-tumour activity through inhibition of AKT-mediated survival mechanisms in prostate cancer
Authors: Eberlein Cath , Williamson Stuart C. , Hopcroft Lorna , Ros Susana , Moss Jennifer I. , Kerr James , van Weerden Wytske M. , de Bruin Elza C. , Dunn Shanade , Willis Brandon , Ross Sarah J. , Rooney Claire , Barry Simon T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background/objective
To explore the anti-tumour activity of combining AKT inhibition and docetaxel in PTEN protein null and WT prostate tumours.

Methods
Mechanisms associated with docetaxel capivasertib treatment activity in prostate cancer were examined using a panel of in vivo tumour models and cell lines.

Results
Combining docetaxel and capivasertib had increased activity in PTEN null and WT prostate tumour models in vivo. In vitro short-term docetaxel treatment caused cell cycle arrest in the majority of cells. However, a sub-population of docetaxel-persister cells did not undergo G2/M arrest but upregulated phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT pathway effectors GSK3β, p70S6K, 4E-BP1, but to a lesser extent AKT. In vivo acute docetaxel treatment induced p70S6K and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. Treating PTEN null and WT docetaxel-persister cells with capivasertib reduced PI3K/AKT pathway activation and cell cycle progression. In vitro and in vivo it reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis or DNA damage though effects were more marked in PTEN null cells. Docetaxel-persister cells were partly reliant on GSK3β as a GSK3β inhibitor AZD2858 reversed capivasertib-induced apoptosis and DNA damage.

Conclusion
Capivasertib can enhance anti-tumour effects of docetaxel by targeting residual docetaxel-persister cells, independent of PTEN status, to induce apoptosis and DNA damage in part through GSK3β.
Exposure of the inner mitochondrial membrane triggers apoptotic mitophagy
Authors: Saunders Tahnee L. , Windley Simon P. , Gervinskas Gediminas , Balka Katherine R. , Rowe Caitlin , Lane Rachael , Tailler Maximilien , Nguyen Thanh Ngoc , Ramm Georg , Lazarou Michael , De Nardo Dominic , Kile Benjamin T. , McArthur Kate 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDuring apoptosis mediated by the intrinsic pathway, BAX/BAK triggers mitochondrial permeabilization and the release of cytochrome-c, followed by a dramatic remodelling of the mitochondrial network that results in mitochondrial herniation and the subsequent release of pro-inflammatory mitochondrial components. Here, we show that mitochondrial herniation and subsequent exposure of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) to the cytoplasm, initiates a unique form of mitophagy to deliver these damaged organelles to lysosomes. IMM-induced mitophagy occurs independently of canonical PINK1/Parkin signalling and is driven by ubiquitination of the IMM. Our data suggest IMM-induced mitophagy is an additional safety mechanism that cells can deploy to contain damaged mitochondria. It may have particular relevance in situations where caspase activation is incomplete or inhibited, and in contexts where PINK1/Parkin-mitophagy is impaired or overwhelmed.
Structural control of corneal transparency, refractive power and dynamics
Authors: Meek Keith M. , Knupp Carlo , Lewis Philip N. , Morgan Siân R. , Hayes Sally 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe cornea needs to be transparent to visible light and precisely curved to provide the correct refractive power. Both properties are governed by its structure. Corneal transparency arises from constructive interference of visible light due to the relatively ordered arrangement of collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma. The arrangement is controlled by the negatively charged proteoglycans surrounding the fibrils. Small changes in fibril organisation can be tolerated but larger changes cause light scattering. Corneal keratocytes do not scatter light because their refractive index matches that of the surrounding matrix. When activated, however, they become fibroblasts that have a lower refractive index. Modelling shows that this change in refractive index significantly increases light scatter. At the microscopic level, the corneal stroma has a lamellar structure, the parallel collagen fibrils within each lamella making a large angle with those of adjacent lamellae. X-ray scattering has shown that the lamellae have preferred orientations in the human cornea: inferior-superior and nasal-temporal in the central cornea and circumferential at the limbus. The directions at the centre of the cornea may help withstand the pull of the extraocular muscles whereas the pseudo-circular arrangement at the limbus supports the change in curvature between the cornea and sclera. Elastic fibres are also present; in the limbus they contain fibrillin microfibrils surrounding an elastin core, whereas at the centre of the cornea, they exist as thin bundles of fibrillin-rich microfibrils. We present a model based on the structure described above that may explain how the cornea withstands repeated pressure changes due to the ocular pulse.
Immune signature of Chlamydia vaccine CTH522/CAF®01 translates from mouse-to-human and induces durable protection in mice
Authors: Olsen Anja W. , Rosenkrands Ida , Jacobsen Christina S. , Cheeseman Hannah M. , Kristiansen Max P. , Dietrich Jes , Shattock Robin J. , Follmann Frank 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe clinical development of an effective Chlamydia vaccine requires in-depth understanding of how well protective pre-clinical immune signatures translate to humans. Here, we report a comparative immunological characterization of CTH522/CAF®01 in female mice and humans. We find a range of immune signatures that translate from mouse to human, including a Th1/Th17 cytokine profile and antibody functionality. We identify vaccine-induced T cell epitopes, conserved among Chlamydia serovars, and previously found in infected individuals. Using the mouse model, we show that the common immune signature protected against ascending infection in mice, and vaccine induced antibodies could delay bacterial ascension to the oviduct, as well as development of pathology, in a T cell depleted mouse model. Finally, we demonstrate long-lasting immunity and protection of mice one year after vaccination. Based on the results obtained in the present study, we propose to further investigate CTH522/CAF®01 in a phase IIb study.
Efficient direct repairing of lithium- and manganese-rich cathodes by concentrated solar radiation
Authors: Wang Hailong , Geng Xin , Hu Linyu , Wang Jun , Xu Yunkai , Zhu Yudong , Liu Zhimeng , Lu Jun , Lin Yuanjing , He Xin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLithium- and manganese-rich layered oxide cathode materials have attracted extensive interest because of their high energy density. However, the rapid capacity fading and serve voltage decay over cycling make the waste management and recycling of key components indispensable. Herein, we report a facile concentrated solar radiation strategy for the direct recycling of Lithium- and manganese-rich cathodes, which enables the recovery of capacity and effectively improves its electrochemical stability. The phase change from layered to spinel on the particle surface and metastable state structure of cycled material provides the precondition for photocatalytic reaction and thermal reconstruction during concentrated solar radiation processing. The inducement of partial inverse spinel phase is identified after concentrated solar radiation treatment, which strongly enhances the redox activity of transition metal cations and oxygen anion, and reversibility of lattice structure. This study sheds new light on the reparation of spent cathode materials and designing high-performance compositions to mitigate structural degradation.
Dipterocarpoidae genomics reveal their demography and adaptations to Asian rainforests
Authors: Wang Rong , Liu Chao-Nan , Segar Simon T. , Jiang Yu-Ting , Zhang Kai-Jian , Jiang Kai , Wang Gang , Cai Jing , Chen Lu-Fan , Chen Shan , Cheng Jing , Compton Stephen G. , Deng Jun-Yin , Ding Yuan-Yuan , Du Fang K. , Hu Xiao-Di , Hu Xing-Hua , Kang Ling , Li Dong-Hai , Lu Ling , Li Yuan-Yuan , Tang Liang , Tong Xin , Wang Zheng-Shi , Xu Wei-Wei , Yang Yang , Zang Run-Guo , Zu Zhuo-Xin , Zhang Yuan-Ye , Chen Xiao-Yong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDipterocarpoideae species form the emergent layer of Asian rainforests. They are the indicator species for Asian rainforest distribution, but they are severely threatened. Here, to understand their adaptation and population decline, we assemble high-quality genomes of seven Dipterocarpoideae species including two autotetraploid species. We estimate the divergence time between Dipterocarpoideae and Malvaceae and within Dipterocarpoideae to be 108.2 (97.8‒118.2) and 88.4 (77.7‒102.9) million years ago, and we identify a whole genome duplication event preceding dipterocarp lineage diversification. We find several genes that showed a signature of selection, likely associated with the adaptation to Asian rainforests. By resequencing of two endangered species, we detect an expansion of effective population size after the last glacial period and a recent sharp decline coinciding with the history of local human activities. Our findings contribute to understanding the diversification and adaptation of dipterocarps and highlight anthropogenic disturbances as a major factor in their endangered status.
Dynamic root microbiome sustains soybean productivity under unbalanced fertilization
Authors: Wang Mingxing , Ge An-Hui , Ma Xingzhu , Wang Xiaolin , Xie Qiujin , Wang Like , Song Xianwei , Jiang Mengchen , Yang Weibing , Murray Jeremy D. , Wang Yayu , Liu Huan , Cao Xiaofeng , Wang Ertao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRoot-associated microbiomes contribute to plant growth and health, and are dynamically affected by plant development and changes in the soil environment. However, how different fertilizer regimes affect quantitative changes in microbial assembly to effect plant growth remains obscure. Here, we explore the temporal dynamics of the root-associated bacteria of soybean using quantitative microbiome profiling (QMP) to examine its response to unbalanced fertilizer treatments (i.e., lacking either N, P or K) and its role in sustaining plant growth after four decades of unbalanced fertilization. We show that the root-associated bacteria exhibit strong succession during plant development, and bacterial loads largely increase at later stages, particularly for Bacteroidetes. Unbalanced fertilization has a significant effect on the assembly of the soybean rhizosphere bacteria, and in the absence of N fertilizer the bacterial community diverges from that of fertilized plants, while lacking P fertilizer impedes the total load and turnover of rhizosphere bacteria. Importantly, a SynCom derived from the low-nitrogen-enriched cluster is capable of stimulating plant growth, corresponding with the stabilized soybean productivity in the absence of N fertilizer. These findings provide new insights in the quantitative dynamics of the root-associated microbiome and highlight a key ecological cluster with prospects for sustainable agricultural management.
Protective effects of Pt-N-C single-atom nanozymes against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Ye Tianbao , Chen Cheng , Wang Di , Huang Chengjie , Yan Zhiwen , Chen Yu , Jin Xian , Wang Xiuyuan , Ding Xianting , Shen Chengxing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEffective therapeutic strategies for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remain elusive. Targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) provides a practical approach to mitigate myocardial damage following reperfusion. In this study, we synthesize an antioxidant nanozyme, equipped with a single-Platinum (Pt)-atom (PtsaN-C), for protecting against I/R injury. PtsaN-C exhibits multiple enzyme-mimicking activities for ROS scavenging with high efficiency and stability. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the excellent ROS-elimination performance of the single Pt atom center precedes that of the Pt cluster center, owing to its better synergistic effect and metallic electronic property. Systematic in vitro and in vivo studies confirm that PtsaN-C efficiently counteracts ROS, restores cellular homeostasis and prevents apoptotic progression after I/R injury. PtsaN-C also demonstrates good biocompatibility, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications. Our study expands the scope of single-atom nanozyme in combating ROS-induced damage and offers a promising therapeutic avenue for the treatment of I/R injury.
In situ modulating coordination fields of single-atom cobalt catalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Liu Meihuan , Zhang Jing , Su Hui , Jiang Yaling , Zhou Wanlin , Yang Chenyu , Bo Shuowen , Pan Jun , Liu Qinghua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSingle-atom catalysts, especially those with metal−N4 moieties, hold great promise for facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction. However, the symmetrical distribution of electrons within the metal−N4 moiety results in unsatisfactory adsorption strength of intermediates, thereby limiting their performance improvements. Herein, we present atomically coordination-regulated Co single-atom catalysts that comprise a symmetry-broken Cl−Co−N4 moiety, which serves to break the symmetrical electron distribution. In situ characterizations reveal the dynamic evolution of the symmetry-broken Cl−Co−N4 moiety into a coordination-reduced Cl−Co−N2 structure, effectively optimizing the 3d electron filling of Co sites toward a reduced d-band electron occupancy (d5.8 → d5.28) under reaction conditions for a fast four-electron oxygen reduction reaction process. As a result, the coordination-regulated Co single-atom catalysts deliver a large half-potential of 0.93 V and a mass activity of 5480 A gmetal−1. Importantly, a Zn-air battery using the coordination-regulated Co single-atom catalysts as the cathode also exhibits a large power density and excellent stability.
Strong interactions between solitons and background light in Brillouin-Kerr microcombs
Authors: Zhang Menghua , Ding Shulin , Li Xinxin , Pu Keren , Lei Shujian , Xiao Min , Jiang Xiaoshun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDissipative Kerr-soliton combs are laser pulses regularly sustained by a localized solitary wave on top of a continuous-wave background inside a nonlinear resonator. Usually, the intrinsic interactions between the background light and solitons are weak and localized. Here, we demonstrate a strong interaction between the generated soliton comb and the background light in a Brillouin-Kerr microcomb system. This strong interaction enables the generation of a monostable single-soliton microcomb on a silicon chip. Also, new phenomena related to soliton physics including solitons hopping between different states as well as controlling the formations of the soliton states by the pump power, are observed owing to such strong interaction. Utilizing this monostable single-soliton microcomb, we achieve the 100% deterministic turnkey operation successfully without any feedback controls. Importantly, it allows to output turnkey ultra-low-noise microwave signals using a free-running pump.
Bacteria employ lysine acetylation of transcriptional regulators to adapt gene expression to cellular metabolism
Authors: Kremer Magdalena , Schulze Sabrina , Eisenbruch Nadja , Nagel Felix , Vogt Robert , Berndt Leona , Dörre Babett , Palm Gottfried J. , Hoppen Jens , Girbardt Britta , Albrecht Dirk , Sievers Susanne , Delcea Mihaela , Baumann Ulrich , Schnetz Karin , Lammers Michael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Escherichia coli TetR-related transcriptional regulator RutR is involved in the coordination of pyrimidine and purine metabolism. Here we report that lysine acetylation modulates RutR function. Applying the genetic code expansion concept, we produced site-specifically lysine-acetylated RutR proteins. The crystal structure of lysine-acetylated RutR reveals how acetylation switches off RutR-DNA-binding. We apply the genetic code expansion concept in E. coli in vivo revealing the consequences of RutR acetylation on the transcriptional level. We propose a model in which RutR acetylation follows different kinetic profiles either reacting non-enzymatically with acetyl-phosphate or enzymatically catalysed by the lysine acetyltransferases PatZ/YfiQ and YiaC. The NAD+-dependent sirtuin deacetylase CobB reverses enzymatic and non-enzymatic acetylation of RutR playing a dual regulatory and detoxifying role. By detecting cellular acetyl-CoA, NAD+ and acetyl-phosphate, bacteria apply lysine acetylation of transcriptional regulators to sense the cellular metabolic state directly adjusting gene expression to changing environmental conditions.