bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of human islet‐like structures generated from pancreatic precursor cells in culture
Authors: Bodnar Cheryl A. , Sen Arindom , Kallos Michael S. , Behie Leo A. , Petropavlovskaia Maria , Rosenberg Lawrence 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis study addresses the characterization of human islet‐like structures generated from a newly discovered sparse population of precursor cells (Petropavlovskaia and Rosenberg, 2002) in the human pancreas. These cells may be progenitor cells capable of producing pancreatic cells suitable for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The cells were cultured successfully in non‐adherent stationary cultures and yielded, as an important first step, a 1.9‐fold expansion in a serum‐free medium developed specifically for this cell type. This expanded population grew as pancreatic cell aggregates, which were analyzed for islet‐like characteristics. Specifically, through RT‐PCR analyses and functionality assays, we show that cells within the population expressed all four of the endocrine hormone genes and proteins (insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide). As well, the expanded pancreatic precursor cell population exhibited glucose responsiveness although the produced cells appeared to be still primitive in nature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Protein Function Microarrays Based on Self‐Immobilizing and Self‐Labeling Fusion Proteins
Authors: Sielaff India , Arnold Anke , Godin Guillaume , Tugulu Stefano , Klok Harm‐Anton , Johnsson Kai 
Published: December 2005

AbstractProtein microarrays are an attractive approach for the high‐throughput analysis of protein function, but their impact on proteomics has been limited by the technical difficulties associated with their generation. Here we demonstrate that fusion proteins of O6‐alkylguanine‐DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) can be used for the simple and reliable generation of protein microarrays for the analysis of protein function. Important features of the approach are the selectivity of the covalent immobilization; this allows for direct immobilization of proteins out of cell extracts, and the option both to label and to immobilize AGT fusion proteins, which allows for direct screening for protein–protein interactions between different AGT fusion proteins. In addition to the identification of protein–protein interactions, AGT‐based protein microarrays can be used for the characterization of small molecule–protein interactions or post‐translational modifications. The potential of the approach was demonstrated by investigating the post‐translational modification of acyl carrier protein (ACP) from E. coli by different phosphopantetheine transferases (PPTases), yielding insights into the role of selected ACP amino acids in the ACP–PPTase interaction.
Optimization of Xenon Biosensors for Detection of Protein Interactions
Authors: Lowery Thomas J. , Garcia Sandra , Chavez Lana , Ruiz E. Janette , Wu Tom , Brotin Thierry , Dutasta Jean‐Pierre , King David S. , Schultz Peter G. , Pines Alex , Wemmer David E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractHyperpolarized 129Xe NMR spectroscopy can detect the presence of specific low‐concentration biomolecular analytes by means of a xenon biosensor that consists of a water‐soluble, targeted cryptophane‐A cage that encapsulates the xenon. In this work, we use the prototypical biotinylated xenon biosensor to determine the relationship between the molecular composition of the xenon biosensor and the characteristics of protein‐bound resonances. The effects of diastereomer overlap, dipole–dipole coupling, chemical‐shift anisotropy, xenon exchange, and biosensor conformational exchange on the protein‐bound biosensor signal were assessed. It was found that an optimal protein‐bound biosensor signal can be obtained by minimizing the number of biosensor diastereomers and using a flexible linker of appropriate length. Both the line width and sensitivity of chemical shift to protein binding of the xenon biosensor were found to be inversely proportional to linker length.
Magnetic resonance assessment of myocardial perfusion via catheter‐based ventricle–coronary vein bypass in porcine myocardial infarction model
Authors: Yoneyama Ryuichi , Kawase Yoshiaki , Hoshino Kozo , McGregor Jennifer , Mac Neill Briain D. , Lowe Harry C. , Burkhoff Daniel , Boekstegers Peter , Hajjar Roger J. , Hayase Motoya 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective: The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of VPASS with physiological measurements, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histology in a porcine model of myocardial infarction. Background: A catheter‐based ventricle‐to‐coronary vein bypass (VPASS™) has been proposed as a potential treatment strategy for refractory coronary artery disease patients. Methods: In an acute setting, the VPASS implant was deployed percutaneously in three swine. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the anterior interventricular vein (AIV) and left ventricle (LV) were measured before and after VPASS implant with various combinations of balloon occlusion in the AIV and left anterior descending artery (LAD). In a separate chronic study, the VPASS procedure was completed on three swine with a mid‐LAD occlusion. Thirty days post‐VPASS procedure, angiography, contrast‐enhanced MRI, and histology were performed to assess myocardial viability. Perfusion was analyzed using the average percent signal intensity change (APSIC) in the anterior walls (AW) and inferior walls (IW). Results: The VPASS implant was performed without complication. Post‐VPASS implantation, the distal AIV PO2 increased up to the LV PO2 level during simultaneous AIV and LAD blockage (432 ± 24 mmHg). At day 30, quantitative perfusion analysis demonstrated no difference in APSIC between AW and IW (125 ± 26% vs. 137 ± 38%, P = 0.46). Delayed enhancement and histology showed focal subendomyocardial infarction. Conclusions: VPASS implant with simultaneous AIV and LAD occlusion allows perfusion of oxygenated blood to the distal AIV, which in the setting of an acute myocardial infarction model was capable of rescuing most of the myocardium at risk. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous closure of an aorta to left atrium fistula with an Amplatzer duct occluder
Authors: Feldman Ted , Salinger Michael H. , Das Sundeep , Hamilton Andrew J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWe describe percutaneous closure of an unusual paravalvular leak, with a communication from the noncoronary cusp of the aortic valve to the left atrium adjacent to a St. Jude mitral valve prosthesis, in the absence of an infection. The patient presented with worsening dyspnea and edema. The anatomic location of the valve annulus adjacent to the noncoronary cusp underlies the etiology of this communication. Outcomes from surgical repair are associated with high mortality. We performed percutaneous closure of the defect, using general anesthesia and transesophageal echo guidance. An Amplatzer duct occluder was placed in the fistula, with immediate and complete closure of the shunt. While no devices specific for closure of paravalvular leaks have been designed, growing experience with a variety of devices and the use of echo guidance have allowed successful therapy in many complex cases. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence properties of trilinear partial least squares regression
Authors: Serneels Sven , Geladi Paul , Moens Maarten , Blockhuys Frank , Van Espen Pierre J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn this article we derive an algorithm to compute the influence function for tri‐PLS1 regression. Based on the influence function, we propose the squared influence diagnostic plot to assess the influence of individual samples on calibration and prediction. We illustrate the applicability of the squared influence diagnostic plot for tri‐PLS1 to two different data sets which have previously been reported in literature. Finally we note that from the influence function, a new estimate of prediction variance can be obtained. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Design of Neutral Intramolecular Complexes Bearing Two Silicon Atoms Anchored by a Carbonyl Oxygen Atom:N,N′‐Bis(silylmethyl)propylene Ureas
Authors: Sidorkin Valery F. , Belogolova Elena F. , Pestunovich Vadim A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractB3LYP and MP2 computations have been performed on a variety ofSi,Si′‐substitutedN,N′‐bis(silylmethyl)propylene ureas. According to electron‐density atoms‐in‐molecules (AIM) and electron localization function (ELF) quantum‐topological analyses, a transition from the unstable non‐chelate forms of these compounds to mono‐ and bis‐chelate forms results in the successive interaction of one and two tetracoordinate silicon atoms with the carbonyl oxygen and the formation, respectively, of one and two covalent, polar Si⋅⋅⋅O bonds. This previously unknown XSi←O→SiX type of bonding in isomers possessing an anchor structure may be classified as a five‐center, six‐electron (5c‐6e) bond. The factors that favor the existence ofSi,Si′‐substitutedN,N′‐bis(silylmethyl)propylene ureas exclusively in the form of stable, bridged complexes (the size of equatorial ligands and the electronegativity of axial substituents at the silicon atom, change in the donor capability of the carbonyl group, and effect of the polar solvent) are discussed.
Synthesis and Some Properties of Binuclear Ruthenocenes Bridged by Oligoynes: Formation of Bis(cyclopentadienylidene)cumulene Diruthenium Complexes in the Two‐Electron Oxidation
Authors: Sato Masaru , Kubota Yusuke , Kawata Yasushi , Fujihara Takashi , Unoura Kei , Oyama Aiko 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe monoynes [Rc*CCRc*] and [Rc′CCRc′] were obtained in improved yields using [Mo(CO)6]/2‐FC6H5OH as a catalyst in the alkyne metathesis of [Rc*CCMe] and [Rc′CCMe], respectively (Rc=ruthenocenyl, Rc*=1′′,2′′,3′′,4′′,5′′‐pentamethylruthenocenyl, and Rc′=2′,3′,4′,5′‐tetramethylruthenocenyl groups). The diynes [Rc*(CC)2Rc*] and [Rc′(CC)2Rc′] were synthesized by the oxidative coupling of the corresponding terminal ethynes in good yields. The triyne [Rc*(CC)3Rc*] and the tetrayne [Rc*(CC)4Rc*] were prepared by the hetero‐ and homocoupling of [Rc*CCCCH], which was obtained from the reaction of [Rc*CCCHO] with Li[N2CSiMe3], respectively. Although the oxidation waves did not always exhibit a clear two‐electron oxidation process, the oxidation potentials shifted to a lower potential with an increase in the number of methyl substituents on the ruthenocenyl ring, and shifted to a higher potential with the increase in the number of CC units; this result is in contrast to that found in the [Rc(CHCH)nRc] series. The chemical oxidation of [Rc′CCRc′] yielded a stable two‐electron‐oxidized species, the structure of which was confirmed by X‐ray crystallography to be [Ru2(μ2‐ η6:η6‐C5Me4CCC5Me4)(η‐C5H5)2](BF4)2. Changing the substituents (Rc, Rc*, and Rc′) had no effect on the chemical oxidation, but in the case of the Rc′ series the Me substituent increased the stability of the two‐electron‐oxidized species in solution. The diyne [Rc*(CC)2Rc*] and the triyne [Rc*(CC)3Rc*] also gave a similar but unstable two‐electron‐oxidized species. In acetone or acetonitrile, the two‐electron‐oxidized species of [Rc*CCRc*] and [Rc*(CC)2Rc*] gradually formed the corresponding bis(fulvene)‐type complexes. This implies that the two‐electron‐oxidized species of [Rc*(CC)nRc*] are destabilized with the increasing n.
Polar Self‐Assembly: Steric Effects Leading to Polar Mixed‐Ligand Coordination Cages
Authors: Zhang Jianyong , Miller Philip W. , Nieuwenhuyzen Mark , James Stuart L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractWe present a highly unusual example of self‐assembly, specifically a polar, mixed‐ligand cage which forms in preference to symmetrical homo‐ligand products, and which suggests that steric effects can be exploited to obtain novel non‐uniform polyhedral cages. In particular, reaction between the bulky tripodal triphosphine 2,4,6‐tris(diphenylphosphino)triazine, L1, the non‐bulky tripodal trinitrile 2,4,6‐tris(cyanomethyl)trimethylbenzene, L2 and silver hexafluoroantimonate, AgSbF6, in a 3:1:4 ratio gives the mixed‐ligand aggregate [Ag4(L1)3(L2)(SbF6)]3+, 1‐SbF6, instantly as the only product in quantitative yield. The X‐ray crystal structure of complex 1‐SbF6 is consistent with the suspected solution‐state structure. The cage derives from trigonal‐pyramidal geometry, the basal vertices of which are defined by three bulky triphosphines, L1, and the apical vertex by the non‐bulky trinitrile, L2. There is apical elongation amounting to 19 % in comparison to the ideal uniform tetrahedron. The cage also encapsulates an SbF6 anion. 19F NMR spectra in solution for the analogous PF6 complex [Ag4(L1)3(L2)(PF6)]3+, 1‐PF6, confirm that one anion is also encapsulated in solution. The synthesis of the analogous CF3SO3− complex, [Ag4(L1)3(L2)(OTf)]3+, 1‐OTf, in solution is also described, although 1‐PF6 and 1‐OTf could not be isolated due to slow decomposition in solution. The selective formation of these mixed‐ligand cages is discussed in terms of ligand–ligand and ligand‐included anion steric repulsions, which we propose prevent the formation of the competing hypothetical homo‐ligand tetrahedral structure [Ag4(L1)4(SbF6)]3+, and thus favour the mixed ligand cage. “Cage cone angles” for L1 and L2 are estimated at 115 ° and 101 °, respectively. Variable‐temperature 31P NMR spectroscopy shows that complex 1‐SbF6 and the related previously reported partial tetrahedral complex [Ag4(L1)3(anion)]3+ undergo dynamic twisting processes in solution between enantiomeric C3‐symmetry conformations.
Associations of demographic and lifestyle characteristics with prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) concentration and rate of PSA increase
Authors: Kristal Alan R. , Chi Chen , Tangen Catherine M. , Goodman Phyllis J. , Etzioni Ruth , Thompson Ian M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to examine whether demographic and lifestyle characteristics are associated with prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels and the rate of PSA increase (PSA velocity).METHODSData for this study came from 3341 participants in the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial who, based on biopsies at the end of the study, were free of prostate carcinoma. Linear regression was used to assess associations of age, race, smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, diet, and supplement use with PSA concentration during the second year of the trial, and linear mixed models were used to assess associations of these factors with PSA velocity (the percentage increase in PSA per year) during 6 years of the trial.RESULTSBetween the group of men ages 50–59 years and the group of men age 70 years and older, mean PSA increased by 0.22 ng/mL, and PSA velocity decreased by 1.2 percentage points (both P < 0.001). The PSA level among men who had a BMI ≥ 35 kg/cm2 was 0.20 ng/mL lower than the PSA level among men who had a BMI < 25 kd/cm2 (P < 0.001), but BMI was not associated with PSA velocity. PSA velocity was 1.2 percentage points higher in African‐American men compared with white men (P = 0.043). Low energy intake and the use of high‐dose calcium supplements were associated with significantly lower PSA velocity (both P = 0.05). Weight gain also was associated with lower PSA velocity.CONCLUSIONSDifferences in PSA concentration associated with demographic and lifestyle characteristics were small and were not likely to bias the interpretation of a single PSA test. Age, race, energy intake, calcium supplement use, and weight change were associated with substantial differences in PSA velocity, and the clinical interpretation of PSA velocity may be biased by these factors. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Predictors of enrollment in lung cancer clinical trials
Authors: Du Wei , Gadgeel Shirish M. , Simon Michael S. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDClinical trials may offer patients innovative therapeutic options with potentially better outcomes, which are particularly relevant for patients afflicted with lung carcinoma, because current therapies provide only modest survival benefits. Only approximately 5% of patients with newly diagnosed cancer participate in clinical trials nationwide, and African‐American (AA) patients are particularly under‐represented.METHODSTo determine predictors of clinical trials enrollment, the authors reviewed the medical records of 427 patients with lung carcinoma (175 AA patients and 252 non‐AA patients) who were eligible for clinical trials between 1994 and 1998 at the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit, Michigan. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of patient demographic characteristics and clinical trial enrollment.RESULTSNinety‐one patients (21%) were enrolled onto a lung cancer clinical trial during the period of the current study. Enrollment was associated significantly with race (P < 0.001), gender (P = 0.048), age (P = 0.005), and insurance type (P = 0.024). After multivariable adjustment, only race and gender remained significant predictors of enrollment. AA patients were less likely to enroll than non‐AA patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.485; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.243–0.966), and men were more likely than women to enroll (OR, 1.812; 95% CI, 1.033–3.178).CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggest disparities by race and gender in the enrollment of patients onto lung cancer clinical trials and support the need to improve educational and outreach endeavors that would make clinical trials available to a wider range of eligible patients. Cancer 2006. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Atmospheric Plasma Deposition of Coatings Using a Capacitive Discharge Source
Authors: Moravej M. , Hicks R. F. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn this paper, a review is provided of the plasma‐enhanced (PE)CVD of thin films using an atmospheric‐pressure (AP) capacitive discharge source. This source is unique in that the organometallic precursors are fed downstream of the plasma, where reactions occur exclusively between neutral molecules, radicals, and the substrate surface. As a result, the properties of the films differ from those obtained in low‐pressure (<1 torr) gas discharges. For example, glass may be deposited on plastic with no carbon contamination and less than 15 mol‐% hydroxyl groups, yielding material with good scratch protection. Silicon nitride and amorphous hydrogenated silicon films have also been prepared by AP‐PECVD. These material processes further illustrate the unique attributes of this new deposition technology.
Aerosol‐Assisted Plasma Deposition of Barrier Coatings using Organic‐Inorganic Sol‐Gel Precursor Systems
Authors: Vangeneugden D. , Paulussen S. , Goossens O. , Rego R. , Rose K. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractHybrid organic‐inorganic precursors and sol–gel systems thereof, obtained via wet‐chemical hydrolysis, were atomized and introduced into an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in nitrogen. The precursors used are tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO), methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MEMO), propyltrimethoxysilane (PTMO), and a new high molecular weight siloxane precursor (Bayrecit). The obtained coatings were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Deposition rates varied between 30 nm min–1 and 175 nm min–1. Injection of hydrolized sol–gel precursor systems resulted in higher deposition rates. Films deposited on PET foil were tested for their oxygen barrier properties. Plasma‐assisted coating deposition of the sol–gel systems proved to be superior to wet‐chemical application and conventional thermal or UV curing. However, the best barrier performance was obtained with a coating from non‐hydrolyzed Bayrecit. The lowest oxygen transmission rate (OTR) on PET obtained so far is 5 cm3 m–2 day–1 bar–1.
Chemical Vapor Deposition Enhanced by Atmospheric Pressure Non‐thermal Non‐equilibrium Plasmas
Authors: Alexandrov S. E. , Hitchman M. L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis review gives an overview of the characteristics of various non‐thermal, non‐equilibrium plasmas and discusses applications of AP‐PECVD with dielectric barrier discharges, corona discharges, RF discharges, and microwave discharges.
Editorial: Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Enhanced CVD
Authors: Hitchman M. L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis is an innovative issue of CVD for it is the first devoted to a single topic: Atmospheric Pressure PECVD (AP‐PECVD). A brief overview is given of the subject of AP‐PECVD, of the papers in this Special Issue, and of the exciting possibilities for commercial developments of the technology. The Editor highlights future Special Issues that have been commissioned and are in preparation.
The involvement of neuropeptides in evolution, signaling, behavioral regulation and psychopathology: focus on vasopressin
Authors: Landgraf Rainer , Holsboer Florian 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThis brief commentary focuses on the involvement of neuropeptides in a variety of brain functions. As exemplified with vasopressin, neuropeptides are released within distinct brain areas to contribute to regionally and temporally varying modes of neuromodulator and neurotransmitter actions, thus providing a theoretically unlimited variability in interneuronal signaling. As primary products of protein biosynthesis, neuropeptides and their receptors are critical substrates for the evolution of behavior, including emotionality. Particularly its capability of responding to stressful stimuli and mediating genetic polymorphisms make the central release of vasopressin a key process for converging (i.e., environmentally and genetically driven) behavioral regulation. This release along a continuum from basal to very high levels in the extracellular fluid of distinct brain areas explains the wide spectrum of vasopressin effects in the brain, including its role in psychopathology. Drug Dev. Res. 65:185–190, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Homeostasis within the corticotropin‐releasing factor system via CRF2receptor activation: a novel approach for the treatment of anxiety
Authors: Valdez Glenn R. , Zorrilla Eric P. , Koob George F. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractAnxiety and depression are highly prevalent forms of mental illness that are often thought of as stress‐related disorders because their symptoms are frequently triggered by stressful life events. Clinical studies provide strong evidence for the involvement of corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF), a key regulator of the stress response, in anxiety and depression. Recent evidence from studies involving CRF2receptor knockout mice and CRF2receptor‐specific ligands suggests that the two CRF receptor subtypes have a differential role in mediating the stress response, where activation of the CRF1receptor leads to increases in the stress response and the CRF2receptor represents a compensatory coping mechanism to oppose this action. This proposed differential regulation of stress‐related behaviors via the two CRF receptor subtypes suggests that a disruption of homeostasis within the stress system may be a key underlying factor in the regulation of psychiatric disorders associated with chronic stress. Therefore, it appears that restoring the neurochemical balance within the CRF system via CRF2receptor activation may provide a novel approach in the treatment of stress‐related disorders. Drug Dev. Res. 65:205–215, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.