bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced metabolic regulation in II/R injury: Comparing multiroute and monoroute enteral nutrition
Authors: Duan Jianfeng , Liu Jiali , Chen Jiawen , Qian Suwan , Liang Xinran , Han Yanyu , Zhang Beiyuan , Gao Tao , Wang Gang , Li Xiaoyao , Yu Wenkui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the effects of enteral nutrition (EN) administered via multiroute or via monoroute on metabolic regulation in intestinal ischemia‐reperfusion (II/R) injury rat model.MethodsThe rats were divided into sham operation and II/R injury groups. The rats in each group were further treated with either multiroute or monoroute EN. Rats subjected to multiroute EN were administered a continuous infusion of 30 kcal/kg × day of nutrition via a gastric tube and additionally provided with 0.5 g of standard rat forage for oral intake q8h (for a total of approximately 20 kcal/kg × day) each day. Conversely, rats on the monoroute regimen underwent a continuous infusion of 50 kcal/kg × day of EN through a gastric tube. Hypercatabolism was evaluated by assessing skeletal muscle protein synthesis and atrophy, and insulin resistance. Moreover, serum gastrointestinal hormone levels, hypothalamic ghrelin, and neuropeptide pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) were detected.ResultsIn rats subjected to II/R injury, multiroute EN more effectively restored serum and hypothalamic ghrelin levels, decreased the expression of the POMC neuropeptide, decreased skeletal muscle atrophy, and enhanced skeletal muscle synthesis. These effects collectively contributed to a reduction in muscle wasting, an improvement in hypercatabolic status, and a mitigation of body weight loss.ConclusionCompared with monoroute nutrition, multiroute EN may further improve hypercatabolic metabolism, reduce muscle wasting, and prevent weight loss in II/R injury rat. This research suggested that an optimized multiroute EN regimen is superior to the monoroute EN approach.
Chemical characterization, antioxidant activity and activation of macrophages RAW264.7 viaMAPK signaling pathway of the exopolysaccharide from Penicillium EF‐2
Authors: Wang Gang , Ma Ping , Mo Shiru , Liu Wendong , Chen Ting , Huang Zhibing , Xie Jianhua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobial exopolysaccharides represent a significant source of polysaccharides, with their production unconstrained by temporal or spatial limitations. Penicillium, a filamentous fungus widely recognized for its medicinal food applications, is known to produce exopolysaccharides that exhibit cancer‐inhibitory properties.RESULTSIn the present study, exopolysaccharides from Penicillium EF‐2 (EPS) were extracted and structurally characterized using ion chromatograph, infrared spectroscopy and NMR. The in vitro antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities were also investigated. EPS has a molecular weight of 111.47 kDa, is primarily composed of mannose, glucose and galactose, possesses a crystalline region, and exhibits excellent thermal properties. In free radical scavenging assays, EPS demonstrated robust in vitro antioxidant activity. Furthermore, EPS activated the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway, enhancing the immunomodulatory capacity of macrophages.CONCLUSIONEPS has excellent antioxidant and biological activities. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of EPS and offers new ideas for active sources of Penicillium fermented foods. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Changes in Soil Properties, Organic Carbon, and Nutrient Stocks After Land‐Use Change From Forests to Grasslands in Kumaun Himalaya, India
Authors: Fartyal Archana , Bargali Surendra Singh , Bargali Kiran , Negi Bhawna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLand‐use changes are anticipated to be a substantial contributor to global change climate, substantially causing significant modifications in soil characteristics. This study addressed the impact of land‐use change from native forests to grasslands on the soil physico‐chemical properties in entirely replicated grasslands of three different forest zones (Oak, Pine and Cypress) in temperate region of Kumaun Himalaya. A total of 162 soil samples (6 sites × 3 plots × 3 seasons × 3 depths = 162 samples) were randomly collected from each site in triplicates from depths. The soil texture, bulk density (bD), porosity, water holding capacity, soil moisture content, pH, organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P) and available potassium (K) were determined at different depths in forest and grassland sites. Results showed that soil bD, pH, SOC, TN, P and K significantly (p < 0.05) decreased with increasing depth. Moreover, conversion of forests into grassland reduced nutrient concentrations, physical qualities (bD and porosity), and pH levels. The decreasing trend of nutrient along the soil depth explains that the zone of nutrient accumulation is not well established in these grasslands because of the substantial leaching effect. Our findings indicate that conversion of natural forests into grasslands resulted in significant losses of SOC and TN stocks which can be attributed to the disturbance of natural forests. Therefore, while making land‐use change plans, the impact of these alterations on soil nutrients must be considered. These findings emphasize the value of establishing natural vegetation (forests) in these areas to retain nutrients and safeguard soil against runoff and erosion. However, anticipating the physico‐chemical impacts of land‐use alteration necessitates a better comprehension of its relations with other drivers of global change, such as changing climate and nitrogen deposition.
Development and Degradation Study of PLA‐Based Medical Implant Markers for Magnetic Particle Imaging
Authors: Elfers Patrick N. , Lüdtke‐Buzug Kerstin , Malhotra Ankit , Ackers Justin , Mirzojan Liana , Wattenberg Maximilian , Engster Johann C. , Melenberg David , Ahlborg Mandy , Friedrich Thomas , Buhné Maria‐Josephina , Sieren Malte M. , Buzug Thorsten M. , Kloeckner Roman , Barkhausen Jörg , Wegner Franz 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a promising imaging modality nearing clinical introduction. MPI's tracer‐based principle allows for highly sensitive background‐free imaging. Potential clinical applications include cardiovascular imaging and endovascular interventions. In principle, medical instruments are invisible in MPI due to the missing signal generation. Therefore, permanent marking technologies have been introduced. Additionally, temporary markers are of interest for follow‐up examinations after stent implantation to prevent artifacts during postinterventional stent lumen quantification. Consequently, medical instrument markers for MPI, based on biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) and superparamagnetic iron‐oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), are developed in this study. To investigate the markers, signal characteristics and degradation over time are studied for 28 d in a water bath at 37 °C. The samples are analyzed using a scale, micro‐CT, microscopy, magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS), MPI, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). A continuous mass decrease is detected (≈90% after 28 d), while MPS and MPI data show no loss of signal. VSM confirms that the markers’ mass reduction can be accounted for the degradation of PLA, while the SPIONs hardly detach from the coating. The introduced marking technology, with its degradation characteristics and signal behavior, is the basis for a variety of anticipated medical application scenarios.
Enhanced Intracellular Protein Activity by Caveolae‐Mediated Endocytosis of Conjugated Polymer/Protein Complexes
Authors: Sarker Golam Sabbir , Romagosa Carlos R. , Moon Joong Ho 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConjugated polymers (CPs) with rigid hydrophobic backbones and polar side chains are known for their efficient cellular entry using various endocytic pathways. Here, the efficient delivery of ribonuclease A (RNase A) into the cytosol of a model cancer cell using a charge‐neutral CP with phenyl carbamoylated guanidine (Ph‐CG) group at the end of a short ethylene oxide side chain is described. This unique combination of the hydrophobic backbone and the polar nonionic side chain facilitates efficient protein complex formation and subsequent cellular entry through a non‐lysosomal pathway, leading to concentration‐dependent cell viability inhibition at a half‐maximal effective concentration of 0.07 µg mL−1 (or 5 nm). This work demonstrates the potential of CPs as carriers for intracellular protein delivery and the importance of the end functional group of protein carriers.
Water‐Soluble Polymeric Probe with Naphthalimide Pendants for Fluorimetric Formaldehyde Sensing
Authors: Pan Swagata , Roy Subhadip , De Priyadarsi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFormaldehyde (FA) is a common raw material extensively used in various industrial applications. However, FA is a known carcinogen and poses significant risks to human health. Therefore, developing a sensitive and selective probe for detecting FA is crucial. Herein, a naphthalimide‐based water‐soluble fluorescent polymeric probe for selective detection of FA in an aqueous medium at physiological pH is presented. The aromatic hydrazine units present in the side chains of the polymer react with FA through an addition‐elimination reaction with the formation of hydrazone derivative, which halts the photoelectron transfer (PET) mechanism within the polymer, leading to a “turn‐on” in green fluorescence. The formation of hydrazone is confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) analysis for a model reaction of (6‐hydrazinyl‐2‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1H‐benzo[de]isoquinoline‐1,3(2H)‐dione, SM) with FA. The sensing mechanism through a PET on–off is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The probe demonstrates remarkable sensitivity, detecting FA concentrations as low as 1.7 µm, and shows a five‐fold fluorescence intensity increase within 10 min when exposed to 10 µm formaldehyde. Additionally, the probe offers selective detection of FA over other analytes via fluorometric methods. This study represents a significant advancement in developing sensitive and selective polymeric probes.
Helical Polymer‐Containing Bottlebrush Polymers (BBPs): Design, Synthesis, and Perspectives
Authors: Zou Hui , Wang Shiqi , Han Chaofan , Hu Menghao , Chu Benfa , Zhou Li 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHelical polymer‐containing bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) are a special and fascinating type of polymer. They possess bottlebrush topology and contain helical polymers as main chains (MCs) or side chains (SCs), thereby presenting interesting and fantastic properties, such as chiral amplification, circularly polarized luminescence, photonic crystal, and so on. This review mainly focuses on BBPs containing helical polymers of polypeptides, polyacetylenes (PAs), and polyisocyanides (PIs). Detailed summarizations are severally given to BBPs with helical polypeptides as MCs and SCs. Meanwhile, BBPs comprising helical PAs as MCs are fully discussed. What's more, BBPs consisted of helical PIs as MCs and SCs are described separately. In addition, BBPs with other helical polymers are briefly introduced, too. The authors hope this review will motivate more interest in developing helical polymers with complex topologies and fascinating properties, and encourage further progress in functional chiral materials.
Stress‐Free Two‐Way Shape Memory Polymers with Dual‐Crystalline Phase Based on Poly(Tetramethylene Ether Glycol) and Poly(ε‐Caprolactone)
Authors: Zhang Bingyan , Jiang Jie , Li Jinjin , Lin Shaoliang , Zhao Ling , Xi Zhenhao , Yuan Weikang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTwo‐way shape memory polymers (2W‐SMPs) are a class of smart materials and can undergo spontaneously reversible deformation after specific stimuli. It is crucial to develop 2W‐SMPs to achieve precise control of two‐way shape memory behavior without external forces and reveal their structure‐property relationships. In this study, dual‐crystalline phase crosslinked polymer networks based on poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) (PTMEG) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) are fabricated via thiol‐ene click reactions. The networks with two independent melting temperatures are gained by adjusting the ratio of the two segments and the two‐way shape memory is enabled using the temperature difference between the two phases. The effects of network composition, pre‐tensile strain, and actuation temperature on the two‐way shape memory properties are investigated and the two‐way shape memory mechanism of dual‐crystalline phase polymers is further elucidated. Among the various compositions of networks, PTMEG8‐PCL2 exhibits the optimal two‐way shape memory properties, with the actuation strain of 24.25% and reversible strain of up to 10.35% at the actuation temperature and pre‐stretch strain of 45 °C and 15%, respectively, which is potential for soft robotics applications. It is believed that this work guides the design of semicrystalline networks with two‐way shape memory properties.
Price Stickiness in a Dual‐Channel Supply Chain
Authors: Saglam Ismail 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate price stickiness in a dual‐channel supply chain where a manufacturer sells its product directly through an online retailer and indirectly through an offline retailer. We construct a noncooperative game where the manufacturer and the offline retailer decide whether or not to costlessly adjust their prices after a demand shock. If the demand shock is positive, then no price can be sticky at the unique Nash equilibrium. If the demand shock is negative, then we additionally observe equilibria where some or all prices can be sticky. We also show that no equilibrium is always Pareto optimal.
Elementary Wave Interactions in Two‐Layer Blood Flow Model
Authors: Mondal Rakib , Minhajul  
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we consider the Riemann problem for a hyperbolic system of partial differential equations (PDEs) governing two‐layer blood flows through arteries. The characteristics of Riemann invariants lead us to employ a projection of the elementary curves onto the reduced phase plane. Furthermore, exploiting the properties of these elementary curves, we establish the solution of the associated Riemann problem in this phase plane. Moreover, we have provided a necessary and sufficient condition on Riemann data for the existence of a vacuum. Finally, we investigate all possible cases of wave interaction rigorously in the phase plane.
Fishing for Solutions: How Pre‐Conceptional Fish Oil Supplementation in Obese Fathers Reduces Risk of Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Offspring Mice
Authors: Yang Junhui , Shrestha Akriti , Ramalingam Latha 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMetabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic condition with hepatic fat accumulation. The intergenerational effect of obesity has predominantly focused on mothers, with limited studies on paternal obesity. Nutritional intervention with fish oil (FO) has beneficial effects in reducing markers of obesity. We hypothesized that supplementing obese fathers with FO before conception could enhance the metabolic health of their offspring liver. Male mice were assigned to low‐fat (LF), high fat (HF), or HF supplemented with FO for 10 weeks. Subsequently, these males were mated with females on a chow diet. Offspring were sacrificed at 8 weeks, and liver tissues were analyzed for gene expression and histology. Offspring body weight was not significantly impacted by paternal diet. However, male offspring of HF fathers had higher levels of markers of inflammation and fatty acid synthesis compared to offspring of LF fed fathers. Paternal FO supplementation significantly reduced fatty acid synthesis and glucose metabolism, while increasing fatty acid oxidation in male offspring, with a less pronounced effect in female offspring. These findings suggest that FO supplementation in obese fathers prior to conception attenuates the development of MAFLD in male offspring. This data underscores the significance of paternal nutritional intervention in promoting offspring health.
Fast and accurate peak skin dose estimation method for interventional fluoroscopy patients
Authors: Han Haegin , Streitmatter Seth W. , Kitahara Cari M. , Lee Choonsik 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIn fluoroscopy, particularly fluoroscopically guided interventions (FGIs), accurate estimation of peak skin dose (PSD) is crucial for identifying potential radiation‐induced skin injuries. Most current methodologies for PSD calculation methods rely on analytical methods, which may introduce uncertainty due to their limited consideration of the complexities of x‐ray beam conditions, patient geometry, and positioning. Methods based on full Monte Carlo (MC) simulations can enhance accuracy, but their practical application is limited due to the intensive requirement of computational resources and time.PurposeWe aimed to develop a novel method that combines MC simulation with a noise reduction technique to calculate PSD, as well as skin dose distributions, more efficiently and accurately. The goal was to overcome the limitations of current methods, providing a more practical solution for clinical and academic use.MethodsOur method to calculate the PSD and skin dose distributions consists of two steps of rough MC simulation and iterative noise reduction. The performance of the methodology was demonstrated for six fluoroscopy scenarios, with results compared against those from full MC simulation with high particle history, which is considered a gold standard for radiation dosimetry relative to conventional analytical methods.ResultsOur method was demonstrated for various fluoroscopy scenarios, and the result showed that the iterative noise reduction procedure successfully estimates PSD and skin dose distribution for rough MC simulations with a maximum dose statistical error of up to 20%. For successful dose estimations, PSD discrepancies from the values obtained by full MC simulation were within 3%, and voxel‐wise dose differences in skin dose distributions were less than 10% of the average skin dose. The computation time of our method was on the order of a few seconds on a personal computer, which is estimated to be at least 104 times faster than full MC simulation when using the same computing resources.ConclusionOur method rapidly and accurately calculates PSD and skin dose distribution, making it a useful tool for research and clinical applications. The planned integration of our method into the National Cancer Institute Dosimetry System for Radiography and Fluoroscopy (NCIRF) will enhance accessibility. Additionally, future upgrades of NCIRF will include a comprehensive phantom library and pregnant phantoms that will enable our method to account for patient‐specific body shapes, further improving the accuracy and personalization in dose assessments.
Design, Synthesis, and In Silico Insights of new 4‐Piperazinylquinolines as Antiproliferative Agents against NCI Renal Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: La Monica Gabriele , Bono Alessia , Alamia Federica , Martorana Annamaria , Lauria Antonino 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the search for new anticancer compounds, quinoline and piperazine moieties represent the most promising pharmacophoric fragments for the development of more effective drugs. A particularly interesting approach in medicinal chemistry is molecular hybridization, where different known components are integrated into a single chemical entity, resulting in hybrid molecules with enhanced biological activity. In this study, we have developed a new series of 4‐(4‐benzoylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐6‐nitroquinoline‐3‐carbonitrile compounds (8 a–l), with potential anticancer effect, by combining the quinoline, the piperazinyl and the benzoylamino moieties. The rationalized compounds (8 a–l) were first evaluated in silico to assess the ADMET and drug‐likeness profiles, synthesized using appropriate synthetic strategies and then tested in vitro under the National Cancer Institute DTP‐NCI60 program. The entire series exhibited potent anticancer activity against the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell line UO‐31, with compounds 8 c and 8 g effectively inhibiting cancer cell growth without excessive cytotoxic effects (growth percentages of −7 and −19, respectively). In silico induced fit docking (IFD) and molecular dynamics (MD) studies provided further insights into the putative mechanisms of action for both compounds, which were predicted to strongly bind key oncogenic proteins involved in RCC progression. The promising in vitro and in silico results herein presented provide a solid foundation for the development of a new series of small heterocyclic molecules with anticancer activity.
Temporal Relationships Between General Self‐Efficacy, Social Support and Health‐Related Quality of Life Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A 9‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Aili Katarina , Jarfelt Marianne , Ivarsson Andreas , Arvidsson Susann , Olsson Maria , Nygren Jens M 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent childhood malignancy. To improve long‐term health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in adult survivors of childhood ALL, more longitudinal studies are needed to assess outcomes and risk factors throughout treatment and survivorship. The aim of this study was to examine the long‐term changes in HRQOL, self‐efficacy, and social support among adult survivors of childhood ALL and to explore the temporal relationship between HRQOL, self‐efficacy, and social support.ProcedureThe study includes 148 adult childhood ALL survivors who responded to a questionnaire assessing HRQOL (SF36), self‐efficacy (General Self‐Efficacy Scale, GSE), and quantitative and qualitative social support (AVSI and AVAT in SS13) in 2012 and 2021. Changes in the HRQOL, GSE, and social support were calculated using paired t‐tests. Bayesian path models were specified, and separate models were estimated for each relationship between GSE and AVSI, and AVAT and HRQOL. Cross‐sectional associations, autoregressive effects within constructs over time, and cross‐lagged effects between two variables over time were specified within each model.ResultsThe mean of six of the eight HRQOL dimensions, as well as quantitative and qualitative social support, deteriorated during the 9‐year follow‐up. Self‐efficacy was unchanged. Temporal positive relationships were found between baseline GSE and the HRQOL dimension of social functioning, as well as between social support and the HRQOL dimensions of physical functioning, vitality, and mental health at follow‐up.ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of self‐efficacy and social support as potential buffering factors for HRQOL in adult survivors of childhood ALL over time.