bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial disparities in blacks with gynecologic cancers
Authors: Farley John , Risinger John I. , Rose G. Scott , Maxwell G. Larry 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBlack women have a lower incidence of gynecologic cancers but they have a higher mortality associated with their disease. The etiology of the racial disparity in outcome among gynecologic cancer patients is multifactoral and site‐specific. Black women with endometrial cancer often present with more advanced stage tumors that are associated with a worse prognosis compared with White women. Evidence suggests that observed disparities in outcome are due to inequalities in treatment or differing biologic etiologies. For cervix cancer, studies have suggested that survival among Black women may be lower than survival among White women that develop this disease. This occurs despite evidence that indicates that Pap smears are utilized similarly by Black and White women for cervix cancer screening. These differences in outcome may become less pronounced when comorbidities are accounted for and inequalities in treatment are eliminated. For ovarian cancer patients, survival has improved with the use of contemporary therapies over the past 30 years in Whites but less so for Blacks. This may be due to differences in the likelihood of primary surgical cytoreductions, which are performed less frequently in some Black women because of extensive metastatic spread or comorbidities. The observed decreases in survival for all 3 gynecologic cancers potentially may be affected by socioeconomic status of the patient in some healthcare settings. An improved understanding of the causative factors associated with racial disparities in gynecologic cancer outcome is necessary to facilitate efforts aimed at correcting this important healthcare problem. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
The role of noncartilage‐specific molecules in differentiation of cartilaginous tumors
Authors: Romeo Salvatore , Oosting Jan , Rozeman Leida B. , Hameetman Liesbeth , Taminiau Antonie H. M. , Cleton‐Jansen Anne Marie , Bovée Judith V. M. G. , Hogendoorn Pancras C. W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Chondroblastoma (CB) and chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) are benign tumors of bone morphologically recapitulating cartilage differentiation. CMF can resemble high‐grade central chondrosarcoma (HGCCS) because of its cellular atypia. The mechanism that drives this morphologic spectrum of cartilage differentiation is unclear.METHODS.CMFs and CBs were hybridized on a complementary DNA microarray that was enriched for cartilage‐specific genes. Data were analyzed by Linear Model for Microarray Analysis and were compared with previous data on osteochondromas and HGCCS. Verification was performed in an extended series.RESULTS.None of the 68 genes that were differentially expressed in CB versus CMF, including several extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM‐degradation genes, were related specifically to cartilage. Perlecan, versican, collagen 4A2 (Col4A2), and cell‐cell adhesion genes, such as CD166, were significantly higher in CMF. Sixty genes were expressed differentially in CMF versus HGCCS. Higher expression levels of CD166, cyclin D1 (CCND1), and p16INK4A were observed in CMF.CONCLUSIONS.The current findings indicated that differential expression of adhesion and ECM molecules, such as CD166, versican, perlecan, andCol4A2, may interfere with cartilaginous differentiation. The decreased expression ofCCND1, p16INK4A, and CD166 in HGCCS reflects impairment of cell cycle progression and of cell‐cell adhesions in malignant tumors and is of use in the differential diagnosis of CMF. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Updated efficacy and toxicity analysis of irinotecan and oxaliplatin (IROX)
Authors: Ashley Amanda C. , Sargent Daniel J. , Alberts Steven R. , Grothey Axel , Campbell Megan E. , Morton Roscoe F. , Fuchs Charles S. , Ramanathan Ramesh K. , Williamson Stephen K. , Findlay Brian P. , Pitot Henry C. , Goldberg Richard M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Efficacy and toxicity of oxaliplatin (Eloxatin; Sanofi‐Aventis, Paris, France) combined with irinotecan (IROX) were examined in 383 patients enrolled on the IROX arm of Intergroup Study N9741.METHODS.This IROX regimen was oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and irinotecan 200 mg/m2 administered every 3 weeks. The relation between adverse events on IROX to selected characteristics was analyzed. Time to progression (TTP), response rate, and overall survival for patients treated with IROX compared with patients treated with oxaliplatin with 5‐ fluorouracil (FOLFOX) were updated in this article.RESULTS.Grade ≥3 gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicities were common with 39% patients experiencing neutropenia, 28% diarrhea, and 21% vomiting. Patients ages >70 years experienced higher rates of grade ≥3 toxicity, with significantly higher rates of grade ≥3 hematologic toxicities (P = .02). Long‐term toxicity was uncommon, and nearly all cases of grade ≥3 neurotoxicity resolved within 10 months. Fifty‐two percent of patients required dose reductions for adverse events, and 26% experienced 119 hospitalizations related to complications of treatment or their disease, with 5 treatment‐related deaths. This analysis confirmed prior findings that FOLFOX is superior to IROX in terms of response rate (43% vs 36%, p = 0.002), TTP (9.2 months vs 6.7 months, P < .0001), and overall survival (19.5 months vs 17.3 months, P = .0001).CONCLUSIONS.IROX was found to be less active than FOLFOX but with a similar toxicity profile except in patients ages >70 years. Although IROX may be considered in patients intolerant of 5‐FU or in patients known to have a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency, it should be used with caution in older patients. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Auditory efferent feedback system deficits precede age‐related hearing loss: Contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions in mice
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxia , Vasilyeva Olga N. , Kim Sunghee , Jacobson Michael , Romney Joshua , Waterman Marjorie S. , Tuttle David , Frisina Robert D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe C57BL/6J mouse has been a useful model of presbycusis, as it displays an accelerated age‐related peripheral hearing loss. The medial olivocochlear efferent feedback (MOC) system plays a role in suppressing cochlear outer hair cell (OHC) responses, particularly for background noise. Neurons of the MOC system are located in the superior olivary complex, particularly in the dorsomedial periolivary nucleus (DMPO) and in the ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body (VNTB). We previously discovered that the function of the MOC system declines with age prior to OHC degeneration, as measured by contralateral suppression (CS) of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in humans and CBA mice. The present study aimed to determine the time course of age changes in MOC function in C57s. DPOAE amplitudes and CS of DPOAEs were collected for C57s from 6 to 40 weeks of age. MOC responses were observed at 6 weeks but were gone at middle (15–30 kHz) and high (30–45 kHz) frequencies by 8 weeks. Quantitative stereological analyses of Nissl sections revealed smaller neurons in the DMPO and VNTB of young adult C57s compared with CBAs. These findings suggest that reduced neuron size may underlie part of the noteworthy rapid decline of the C57 efferent system. In conclusion, the C57 mouse has MOC function at 6 weeks, but it declines quickly, preceding the progression of peripheral age‐related sensitivity deficits and hearing loss in this mouse strain. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:593–604, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Drebrin a content correlates with spine head size in the adult mouse cerebral cortex
Authors: Kobayashi Chiho , Aoki Chiye , Kojima Nobuhiko , Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Shirao Tomoaki 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSynaptic activities alter synaptic strengths at the axospinous junctions, and such changes are often accompanied by changes in the size of the postsynaptic spines. We have been exploring the idea that drebrin A, a neuron‐specific actin‐binding protein localized on the postsynaptic side of excitatory synapses, may be a molecule that links synaptic activity to the shape and content of spines. Here, we performed electron microscopic immunocytochemistry with the nondiffusible gold label to explore the relationship among levels of drebrin A, the NR2A subunit of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors, and the size of spines in the perirhinal cortex of adult mouse brains. In contrast to the membranous localization within neonatal spines, most immunogold particles for drebrin A were localized to the cytoplasmic core region of spines in mature spines. This distribution suggests that drebrin within adult spines may reorganize the F‐actin network at the spine core, in addition to its known neonatal role in spine formation. Drebrin A‐immunopositive (DIP) spines exhibited larger spine head areas and longer postsynaptic densities (PSDs) than drebrin A‐immunonegative (DIN) spines (P < 0.001). Furthermore, spine head area and PSD lengths correlated positively with drebrin A levels (r = 0.47 and 0.40). The number of synaptic NR2A immunolabels was also higher in DIP spines than in DIN spines, whereas their densities per unit lengths of PSD were not significantly different. These differences between the DIP and the DIN spines indicate that spine sizes and synaptic protein composition of mature brains are regulated, at least in part, by drebrin A levels. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:618–626, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fiber connections of the diencephalic nucleus tuberis anterior in the weakly electric fish, Gymnotus cf. carapo: An in vivo tract‐tracing study
Authors: Giassi Ana Catarina Casari , Corrêa Sonia Aparecida Lopes , Hoffmann Anette 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTransport of biotinylated dextran amine shows the spatial segregation of mechanosensory afferents in the nucleus tuberis anterior (TA) of a gymnotiform fish, Gymnotus cf. carapo. Only the intermediate subdivision of this nucleus receives projections from the lateral region of the ventral torus semicircularis (TSv), which represents the principal midbrain center for mechanosensory information processing, and from the ventral nucleus praeeminentialis, which receives collaterals of ascending second order mechanosensory fibers that emerge from the mechanosensory lateral line lobe. Considering this aspect, a rostrocaudal subdivision of the TA is proposed. The TA also receives input from regions subserving other sensory modalities, suggesting a role in multisensory interaction. Another important finding of this work consisted in the demonstration of reciprocal connections between the TA and the inferior lobe of the hypothalamus, which is known to receive gustatory, visual, and electrosensory input and is therefore considered a multisensory integration center involved in feeding and aggressive behavior. Furthermore, reciprocal connections between the TA and the preelectromotor central‐posterior/prepacemaker complex may provide an access for the processed mechanosensory information to interact with the transient modulations of the electric organ discharge that accompany different behaviors. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:655–667, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opposing functions of CREB and MKK1 synergistically regulate the geometry of dendritic spines in visual cortex
Authors: Suzuki Seigo , Zhou Hongyi , Neumaier John F. , Pham Tony A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractMost excitatory inputs onto pyramidal neurons are made on dendritic spines. The geometry of dendritic spines modulates synaptic function; yet we know little regarding the molecular signals that regulate spine geometry. Here we report that neurons coordinately regulate the geometry of spines to compensate for variability in spine number, by a process requiring the transcription factor CREB and the kinase MKK1. We find that CREB function is induced, whereas MKK1 is inhibited, by activity blockade. To obtain evidence that CREB and MKK1 regulate dendritic spine geometry in vivo, we coexpressed green fluorescent protein and dominant negative CREB or MKK1 in pyramidal neurons of the intact rat visual cortex. Spines on apical dendrites of layer 3 neurons were then characterized by confocal microscopy. We find that CREB and MKK1 regulate spine geometry in opposite ways. MKK1 is required to reduce spine head size when spine density is high, whereas CREB is required to enlarge spines when spine density is low. Our data suggest that CREB and MKK1 might function as complementary negative feedback mechanisms to maintain synaptic drive within bounds. J. Comp. Neurol. 503:605–617, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Broadening cell selection criteria with micropallet arrays of adherent cells
Authors: Wang Yuli , Young Grace , Aoto Phillip C. , Pai Jeng‐Hao , Bachman Mark , Li G. P. , Sims Christopher E. , Allbritton Nancy L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBackground:A host of technologies exists for the separation of living, nonadherent cells, with separation decisions typically based on fluorescence or immunolabeling of cells. Methods to separate adherent cells as well as to broaden the range of possible sorting criteria would be of high value and complementary to existing strategies.Methods:Cells were cultured on arrays of releasable pallets. The arrays were screened and individual cell(s)/pallets were released and collected.Results:Conventional fluorescence and immunolabeling of cells were compatible with the pallet arrays, as were separations based on gene expression. By varying the size of the pallet and the number of cells cultured on the array, single cells or clonal colonies of cells were isolated from a heterogeneous population. Since cells remained adherent throughout the isolation process, separations based on morphologic characteristics, for example cell shape, were feasible. Repeated measurements of each cell in an array were performed permitting the selection of cells based on their temporal behavior, e.g. growth rate.Conclusions:The pallet array system provides the flexibility to select and collect adherent cells based on phenotypic and temporal criteria and other characteristics not accessible by alternative methods. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology
γδ‐T cells expressing NK receptors predominate over NK cells and conventional T cells in the innate IFN‐γ response to Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Authors: D'Ombrain Marthe C. , Hansen Diana S. , Simpson Ken M. , Schofield Louis 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRapid production of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) in response to malaria by the innate immune system may determine resistance to infection, or inflammatory disease. However, conflicting reports exist regarding the identity of IFN‐γ‐producing cells that rapidly respond to Plasmodium falciparum. To clarify this area, we undertook detailed phenotyping of IFN‐γ‐producing cells across a panel of naive human donors following 24‐h exposure to live schizont‐infected red blood cells (iRBC). Here, we show that NK cells comprise only a small proportion of IFN‐γ‐responding cells and that IFN‐γ production is unaffected by NK cell depletion. Instead, γδ‐T cells represent the predominant source of innate IFN‐γ, with the majority of responding γδ‐T cells expressing NK receptors. Malaria‐responsive γδ‐T cells more frequently expressed NKG2A compared to non‐responding γδ‐T cells, while non‐responding γδ‐T cells more frequently expressed CD158a/KIR2DL1. Unlike long‐term γδ‐T cell responses to iRBC, αβ‐T cell help was not required for innate γδ‐T cell responses. Diversity was observed among donors in total IFN‐γ output. This was positively associated with CD94 expression on IFN‐γ+ NK‐like γδ‐T cells. Applied to longitudinal cohort studies in endemic regions, similar comparative phenotyping should allow assessment of the contribution of diverse cell populations and regulatory receptors to risk of infection and disease.
Transcriptional regulation of MICA and MICB: A novel polymorphism in MICB promoter alters transcriptional regulation by Sp1
Authors: Rodríguez‐Rodero Sandra , González Segundo , Rodrigo Luis , Fernández‐Morera Juan L. , Martínez‐Borra Jesús , López‐Vázquez Antonio , López‐Larrea Carlos 
Published: June 2007

AbstractMHC class I‐related genes A/B (MICA/B) are ligands of the NKG2D receptor expressed on T and NK cells. Their expression is highly restricted in normal tissues, but is up‐regulated in tumoral and infected cells. We show that the minimal promoter of both genes contains a CCAAT box, which binds to NF‐Y, and a GC box, which binds to Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4. We also demonstrate that MICB promoter is polymorphic, showing three single nucleotide polymorphisms (C>G at +16, –341, –408) and a deletion of two base pairs at –66 (AG>‐‐) that is located close to the CCAAT box (‐70) and the GC box (‐86). Transcriptional activity associated with MICB promoter variants carrying this deletion, present in the 45.3% of Spanish population, showed a remarkable decrease (18‐fold, p <0.01). By functional analysis, we show that the deletion plays a critical role in MICB promoter activity by diminishing Sp1 transcriptional activation. These important variations in MICB expression among normal individuals could imply a significant difference in the natural immune response against infections or tumor transformation, and might thereby contribute to an increased aberrant immune response against self cells, providing the molecular basis for the associations of the MICB gene to different autoimmune diseases.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of Azasugar‐Based CD163 Ectodomain Shedding Inhibitors
Authors: Attia Mohamed I. , Timmermann Meike , Högger Petra , Herdeis Claus 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA series of metalloproteinase CD163 ectodomain shedding inhibitors based on azasugar hydroxamic acid scaffold has been synthesized. Among the synthesized compounds, the benzyl derivative 4a and the methyl derivative 4f exhibits 66 and 51 % inhibition, respectively, at 1 μM concentration on CD163 shedding from human monocytes. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Convenient Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Ureido‐Pyrimidinone Modified Peptides
Authors: Dankers Patricia Y. W. , Adams P. J. H. M. , Löwik Dennis W. P. M. , van Hest Jan C. M. , Meijer E. W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPeptides have been modified with quadruple hydrogen bonding ureido‐pyrimidinone moieties to be applied in supramolecular architectures for biomedical applications. A convenient solid‐phase synthesis method was developed to functionalize peptide sequences with ureido‐pyrimidinone units. Two different ureido‐pyrimidinone synthons were used: based on a carbonyldiimidazole‐activated amine or on an isocyanate functionality. Oligopeptides were functionalized on the solid support using two coupling strategies: on the N‐terminus or selectively on the ϵ‐position of a C‐terminal lysine. Several peptides were modified to show the generality of the approach, varying from cell adhesion sequences, to collagen binding peptides and cysteine derivatives which can be used for native chemical ligation. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A Novel Purification Method in Organic Synthesis Using Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Gruijters Bas W. T. , Verkade Jorge M. M. , van Delft Floris L. , Sijbesma Rint P. , Hermkens Pedro H. H. , Rutjes Floris P. J. T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA new workup and purification method based on quadruple hydrogen‐bonding interactions is reported. Substrates containing a hydrogen‐bonding affinity tag – either directly connected or through a cleavable linker – were conveniently separated from a reaction mixture and purified using a resin containing self‐complementary affinity tags. Several Ugi products and nucleophilic aromatic substitution products were successfully purified by this hydrogen‐bonding‐based affinity‐separation protocol.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Determination of 1‐methylhistidine and 3‐methylhistidine by capillary and chip electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection
Authors: Tůma Petr , Samcová Eva , Opekar František , Jurka Vlastimil , Štulík Karel 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCE with capacitively coupled contactless detection (C4D) was used to determine 3‐methylhistidine (3‐MH) and 1‐methylhistidine (1‐MH). The C4D response to 3‐MH was studied in a BGE consisting of 500 mM acetic acid and ammonia at varying concentration and the results were compared with the theory. Complete separation of a model mixture of 3‐MH, 1‐MH, and histidine (His) was attained in two optimized BGEs, one containing 500 mM HAc, 20 mM NH4OH, and 0.1 % m/v hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), pH 3.4 (I) and the other consisting of 100 mM morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES), 25 mM LiOH, and 0.1 % m/v HEC, pH 5.5 (II). These optimized BGEs were tested in CE/C4D analyses of urine. Promising results were obtained for separation and determination of 3‐MH, 1‐MH, and His on a silicon microchip, using aluminum strips as the C4D electrodes; the three analytes were baseline‐separated within less than 30 s with a separation channel effective length of 38 mm. The LOD were satisfactory and amounted to 26.4 μM for 3‐MH and 18.3 μM for 1‐MH.
CE separation of proteins and yeasts dynamically modified by PEG pyrenebutanoate with fluorescence detection
Authors: Horká Marie , Růžička Filip , Holá Veronika , Šlais Karel 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe optimized protocols of the bioanalytes separation, proteins and yeasts, dynamically modified by the nonionogenic tenside PEG pyrenebutanoate, were applied in CZE and CIEF with the acidic gradient in pH range 2–5.5, both with fluorescence detection. PEG pyrenebutanoate was used as a buffer additive for a dynamic modification of proteins and/or yeast samples. The narrow peaks of modified analytes were detected. The values of the pI's of the labeled proteins were calculated using new fluorescent pI markers in CIEF and they were found to be comparable with pI's of the native compounds. As an example of the possible use of the suggested CIEF technique, the mixed cultures of yeasts, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr, Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida zeylanoides, Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichosporon asahii and Yarrowia lipolytica, were reproducibly focused and separated with high sensitivity. Using UV excitation for the on‐column fluorometric detection, the minimum detectable amounts of analytes, femtograms of proteins and down to ten cells injected on the separation capillary, were estimated.
Autofocusing and ESI‐MS analysis of protein digests in a miniaturized multicompartment electrolyzer
Authors: Tomáš Roman , Yan Liushui , Křenková Jana , Foret František 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFree‐solution IEF of protein digests was studied in a newly introduced MicroRotofor™ multicompartment electrolyzer. The fractionation was performed in a cylindrical separation chamber divided into ten compartments with or without the addition of carrier ampholytes. In the case of autofocusing mode of operation, the tryptic digest itself served as the mixture of ampholytes leading to the separation of the peptides with well‐defined pI's. The focusing process was monitored visually using colored pI markers. The resulting fractions from both modes of the separation were analyzed by CE and electrospray‐TOF mass spectrometer using electrospray tips microfabricated in polyimide. Additional experiments, aiming at visualization of the mass flux within the focusing compartments were performed using isotachophoretic migration of color cationic tracers. The study considered the autofocusing of both the peptides with well‐defined narrow pI's as well as those showing negligible net charge in a broader pH range. Although not all peptides in the protein digests have well‐defined pI's the autofocusing process can preseparate many of them leading to higher S/N in the ESI‐MS signals and improved protein sequence coverage.