bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A portable Raspberry Pi‐based camera set‐up to record behaviours of frogs and other small animals under artificial or natural shelters in remote locations
Authors: Groffen Jordy , Hoskin Conrad J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe describe a Raspberry Pi‐based camera system that is portable, robust and weatherproof, with a close‐up focus (2.5 cm). We show that this camera system can be used in remote locations with high rainfall and humidity. The camera has an Infrared LED light to film in dark places and can continuously record up to 21 days (504 h). We also describe how to make concrete artificial shelters to mount the camera in. One of the great strengths of this shelter/camera set‐up is that the animals choose to take up residence and can then be filmed for extended periods with no disturbance. Furthermore, we give examples of how shelters and cameras could be used to film a range of behaviours in not only many small cryptic amphibian species but also other small vertebrates and invertebrates globally.
Vertical eDNA distribution of cold‐water fishes in response to environmental variables in stratified lake
Authors: Fukumori Kayoko , Kondo Natsuko I. , Kohzu Ayato , Tsuchiya Kenji , Ito Hiroshi , Kadoya Taku 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn summer, the survival zones of cold‐water species are predicted to narrow by both increasing water temperatures from the surface and by expanding hypoxic zones from the lake bottom. To examine how the abundance of cold‐water fishes changes along environmental gradients, we assessed the vertical environmental DNA (eDNA) distributions of three salmonid species which may have different water temperature tolerances during both stratification and turnover periods using quantitative PCR (qPCR). In addition, we examined on the vertical distribution of diverse fish fauna using an eDNA metabarcoding assay. The results suggested that the kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) eDNA were abundant in deep, cold waters. On the other hand, rainbow trout (O. mykiss) eDNA were distributed uniformly throughout the water column, suggesting that they may have high water‐temperature tolerance compared with kokanee salmon. The eDNA concentrations of masu salmon (O. masou) were below the detection limit (i.e., <10 copies μL−1) at all stations and depths and hence could not be quantified during stratification. Together with the finding that the eDNA distributions of other prey fish species were also constrained vertically in species‐specific ways, our results suggest that climate change will result in substantial changes in the vertical distributions of lake fish species and thus affect their populations and interactions.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is There a Common Pathway?
Authors: Saei Ghare Naz Marzieh , Ghasemi Vida , Amirshekari Shabahang , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveLittle is known about how polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to review the existing literature regarding the association between PCOS or its symptoms and complications with IBS.MethodsIn this review, studies that investigated the proposed cross‐link between features of PCOS and IBS were included. This review collectively focused on recent findings on the mechanism and novel insight regarding the association between IBS and PCOS in future clinical practice. An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar was performed. We did not restrict the study setting and publication date.ResultsThe existing evidence has not completely answered the question of whether there is an association between PCOS and IBS and vice versa. Six case–control studies (793 women with PCOS and 547 women in the control group) directly assessed the association between PCOS and IBS. The prevalence of IBS among women with PCOS in these studies has ranged from 10% to 52% compared with 5%–50% in control groups. Evidence suggested the common pathways may have contributed to the interaction between IBS and PCOS, including metabolic syndrome, sex hormone fluctuation, dysregulation of neurotransmitters, psychological problems and environmental and lifestyle factors. To date, it is still ambiguous which of the mentioned components largely contributes to the pathogenesis of both.ConclusionAlthough limited evidence has shown a higher prevalence of IBS in women with PCOS, there are several potential, direct and common indirect pathways contributing to the development of both IBS and PCOS.
A Simple Device for Automated Mixing of Heterogeneous Solid‐Liquid Reactions During In‐Situ Monitoring by NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Gao Yuan , Hall Andrew M. R. , Fohn Nicole A. , King Edward J. , Mitchell Lloyd A. L. , Steedman George A. , Lloyd‐Jones Guy C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn‐situ NMR spectroscopy can provide valuable insight into chemical reactions, including detailed information on reaction kinetics and thus mechanism. The application of in‐situ NMR techniques to heterogeneous reactions has so far been limited by the requirement for efficient mixing, which is challenging within the confines of a standard NMR spectrometer. We report an automated plunger‐based device for the mixing of heterogeneous solid‐liquid reactions conducted within a 5 mm tube in a standard NMR probe, allowing reaction kinetics and speciation to be monitored in‐situ. The system has been tested by measuring the kinetics for three diverse reactions and comparison of these with the reaction velocities measured by routine ex‐situ analysis after sampling. The effect of key parameters including plunger design, plunger velocity, solid settling time, and mixing‐to‐acquisition time ratio are explored to determine the optimum parameters for combining efficient mixing with spectral quality. With adaptation, the device may also be suitable for benchtop NMR.
Mental fatigue impairs padel‐specific psychomotor performance in youth‐elite male players
Authors: Díaz‐García Jesús , Habay Jelle , Rubio‐Morales Ana , de Wachter Jonas , García‐Calvo Tomás , Roelands Bart , Van Cutsem Jeroen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile the interest and professionalization of padel around the world, and the importance of mental fatigue in sport science literature are both on the rise, not much is known about how mental fatigue impacts padel‐specific performance. Forty‐eight male elite youth players (18 ± 2 y) participated in this randomized counterbalanced crossover study. The players visited the laboratory on three separate occasions: familiarization, control (i.e., 30‐min documentary), and mental fatigue (i.e., 30‐min incongruent Stroop) condition. The participants' perceived mental fatigue, vigilance (i.e., Psychomotor Vigilance Test) and response inhibition (i.e., Stroop task) were assessed as markers of mental fatigue. The Padel accuracy was evaluated using a validated padel‐specific performance task that includes the usage of different strokes (i.e., drive, drive volley, bandeja, and drive attack after the use of the glass). All these variables were assessed pre‐ and post‐ both the control and mentally fatiguing task. A condition × time interaction was found for perceived mental fatigue, the Stroop performance and PVT reaction time (p < 0.001) and for padel‐specific accuracy on all strokes (p < 0.001). The perceived level of mental fatigue increased, while PVT reaction time and Stroop performance (i.e., amount of words) were impaired in time only in the mental fatigue condition. The accuracy of all padel strokes was significantly impaired from pre to post only in the mental fatigue condition (p < 0.050). In conclusion, mental fatigue impairs padel‐specific accuracy in young elite male padel players. Consequently, we recommend coaches to consider the level of mental fatigue during padel trainings and competitions.
Development and evaluation of the psychometric properties of a new measure of athlete insomnia: Insomnia in Response to Sports‐related Stress Test questionnaire
Authors: Nédélec Mathieu , Chauvineau Maxime , Martinent Guillaume 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo develop and validate the Insomnia in Response to Sports‐related Stress Test (IRSST) questionnaire, a new specific instrument with the goal of sensitively measuring vulnerability to sport‐specific stressful situations among elite athletes. Five hundred and thirty‐one competitive elite athletes (mean age = 17.6 ± 4.4 years) completed the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) questionnaire and the IRSST, a six‐item questionnaire developed to assess the level of sleep disturbance in response to the commonly experienced sport‐specific stressful situations. A development and validation process including substantive, structural, and external stages was used in the present study. One eigenvalue of the exploratory factor analyses was greater than 1.0 (i.e., 2.91, 48.52% of explained variance) whereas the scree test provided evidence for a one‐factor solution, with all the six items achieving a loading of 0.40 or higher on the factor. Cronbach alpha was 0.77 and provided evidence for the reliability of the IRSST score. The correlation between IRSST and FIRST scores was 0.47 (p < 0.001, moderate effect size). These results provide strong evidence for construct validity, indicating that the IRSST is a promising scale for assessing the likelihood of sleep disruption due to sports‐related stressful situations. The results of reliability and correlational analyses provided further evidence of the promising psychometric properties of the IRSST. We believe that the IRSST could provide to the sport and sleep science communities a sleep screening tool for use in this unique population.
ER‐stress response in retinal Müller glia occurs significantly earlier than amyloid pathology in the Alzheimer's mouse brain and retina
Authors: Palko Sarah I. , Benoit Marc R. , Yao Annie Y. , Mohan Royce , Yan Riqiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis is thought to begin up to 20 years before cognitive symptoms appear, suggesting the need for more sensitive diagnostic biomarkers of AD. In this report, we demonstrated pathological changes in retinal Müller glia significantly earlier than amyloid pathology in AD mouse models. By utilizing the knock‐in NLGF mouse model, we surprisingly discovered an increase in reticulon 3 (RTN3) protein levels in the NLGF retina as early as postnatal day 30 (P30). Despite RTN3 being a canonically neuronal protein, this increase was noted in the retinal Müller glia, confirmed by immunohistochemical characterization. Further unbiased transcriptomic assays of the P30 NLGF retina revealed that retinal Müller glia were the most sensitive responding cells in this mouse retina, compared with other cell types including photoreceptor cells and ganglion neurons. Pathway analyses of differentially expressed genes in glia cells showed activation of ER stress response via the upregulation of unfolded protein response (UPR) proteins such as ATF4 and CHOP. Early elevation of RTN3 in response to challenges by toxic Aβ likely facilitated UPR. Altogether, these findings suggest that Müller glia act as a sentinel for AD pathology in the retina and should aid for both intervention and diagnosis.
EGFR overexpression and macrophage infiltration correlate with poorer prognosis in HPV‐negative oropharyngeal cancer via STAT6 signaling
Authors: Lee Huai‐Pao , Li Chia‐Jung , Lee Ching‐Chih 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of HPV‐negative oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is higher in Asian countries. Patients with HPV‐negative OPC suffer poor outcomes. Multi‐omics analysis could provide researchers and clinicians with more treatment targets for this high‐risk group. We aimed to explore the prognostic significance of EGFR overexpression and macrophage infiltration in OPC, especially HPV‐negative OPC in this study.MethodsEGFR alternation was evaluated with TCGA, PanCancer Atlas through cBioProtal. EGFR mRNA expression in HPV‐negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER 2.0). We also examined EGFR/STAT6/MRC1 expression in paraffin‐embedded tissues from a p16‐negative OPC cohort. The correlation between EGFR expression and macrophage activation was explored using Person's correlation coefficient. The impact of biomarkers or macrophage infiltration on 5‐year overall survival and recurrence‐free survival were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival curves.ResultsEGFR alteration rate was 15%, 13%, and 0% for HPV‐negative HNSCC (excluding OPC), HPV‐negative OPC, and HPV‐positive OPC. High EGFR expression was associated with increased tumor infiltration of immune cells, such as macrophages. We observed positive correlations between EGFR, STAT6, and MRC1 expression in p16‐negative OPC. Higher MRC1 expression was associated with poorer survival rates.ConclusionsThere is strong correlation between EGFR overexpression and M2 polarization in patients with p16‐negative OPC. Immunotherapy with or without EGFR inhibitor could be considered in these high‐risk patients.
Do women perceive incivility from men as selective? Examining main effects, coping responses, and boundary conditions
Authors: Lopez‐Alvarez Grisel , Cardador M. Teresa , Restubog Simon Lloyd D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWomen are more likely than men to be targets of incivility in the workplace. Scholars have referred to this pattern as selective incivility and suggest that incivility directed toward women—that is, selective incivility—is a form of modern sexism in the workplace. However, it remains unclear whether women themselves make sense of incivility from men as a form of gender bias, and when such perceptions shape whether women engage in unique responses to incivility perceived as selective. Drawing on social identity theory, we develop a conceptual model to better understand these relationships. Across two studies with working women, we show that women perceive male‐instigated incivility as selective. Further, our findings show that women are more likely to engage in problem‐focused‐responses (i.e., direct confrontation and formal reporting), rather than emotion‐focused responses (i.e., avoidance) in response to incivility perceived as selective and that these coping responses are, at times, moderated by the frequency of incivility. Overall, our research advances the literature on incivility, selective incivility, and gender bias at work, offers practical implications for managers seeking to foster workplace inclusion, and suggests novel directions for future research.
Pharmacokinetics‐Based Pediatric Dose Evaluation and Optimization Using Saliva – A Case Study
Authors: Anliker‐Ort Marion , Rodieux Frédérique , Ziesenitz Victoria C. , Atkinson Andrew , Bielicki Julia A. , Erb Thomas O. , Gürtler Nicolas , Holland‐Cunz Stefan , Duthaler Urs , Rudin Deborah , Haschke Manuel , van den Anker John , Pfister Marc , Gotta Verena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding pharmacokinetics (PK) in children is a prerequisite to determine optimal pediatric dosing. As plasma sampling in children is challenging, alternative PK sampling strategies are needed. In this case study we evaluated the suitability of saliva as alternative PK matrix to simplify studies in infants, investigating metamizole, an analgesic used off‐label in infants. Six plasma and 6 saliva PK sample collections were scheduled after a single intravenous dose of 10 mg/kg metamizole. Plasma/saliva pharmacometric (PMX) modeling of the active metabolites 4‐methylaminoantipyrine (4‐MAA) and 4‐aminoantipyrine (4‐AA) was performed. Various reduced plasma sampling scenarios were evaluated by PMX simulations. Saliva and plasma samples from 25 children were included (age range, 5–70 months; weight range, 8.7–24.8 kg). Distribution of metamizole metabolites between plasma and saliva was without delay. Estimated mean (individual range) saliva/plasma fractions of 4‐MAA and 4‐AA were 0.32 (0.05–0.57) and 0.57 (0.25–0.70), respectively. Residual variability of 4‐MAA (4‐AA) in saliva was 47% (28%) versus 17% (11%) in plasma. A simplified sampling scenario with up to 6 saliva samples combined with 1 plasma sample was associated with similar PK parameter estimates as the full plasma sampling scenario. This case study with metamizole shows increased PK variability in saliva compared to plasma, compromising its suitability as single matrix for PK studies in infants. Nonetheless, rich saliva sampling can reduce the number of plasma samples required for PK characterization, thereby facilitating the conduct of PK studies to optimize dosing in pediatric patients.
Clinical outcomes and risk factors for immune recovery and all‐cause mortality in Latin Americans living with HIV with virological success: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Castillo‐Rozas Gabriel , Tu Shengxin , Luz Paula Mendes , Mejia Fernando , Sierra‐Madero Juan , Rouzier Vanessa , Shepherd Bryan E. , Cortes Claudia P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionImmune reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is crucial to prevent AIDS and non‐AIDS‐related comorbidities. Patients with suppressed viraemia who fail to restore cellular immunity are exposed to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality during long‐term follow‐up, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aim to describe clinical outcomes and factors associated with the worse immune recovery and all‐cause mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) from Latin America following ART initiation.MethodsRetrospective cohort study using the CCASAnet database: PLWH ≥18 years of age at ART initiation using a three drug‐based combination therapy and with medical follow‐up for ≥24 months after ART initiation and undetectable viral load were included. Patients were divided into four immune recovery groups based on rounded quartiles of increase in CD4 T‐cell count at 2 years of treatment (<150, [150, 250), [250, 350] and >350 cells/mm3). Primary outcomes included all‐cause mortality, AIDS‐defining events and non‐communicable diseases that occurred >2 years after ART initiation. Factors associated with an increase in CD4 T‐cell count at 2 years of treatment were evaluated using a cumulative probability model with a logit link.ResultsIn our cohort of 4496 Latin American PLWH, we found that patients with the lowest CD4 increase (<150) had the lowest survival probability at 10 years of follow‐up. Lower increase in CD4 count following therapy initiation (and remarkably not a lower baseline CD4 T‐cell count) and older age were risk factors for all‐cause mortality. We also found that older age, male sex and higher baseline CD4 T‐cell count were associated with lower CD4 count increase following therapy initiation.ConclusionsOur study shows that PLWH with lower increases in CD4 count have lower survival probabilities. CD4 increase during follow‐up might be a better predictor of mortality in undetectable PLWH than baseline CD4 count. Therefore, it should be included as a routine clinical variable to assess immune recovery and overall survival.
Ultrafiltration polyanionic poly (3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate) membranes with enhanced antifouling and water flux
Authors: Khan Raja Muhammad Asif , Nasir Habib , Mahmood Azhar , Iqbal Mudassir , Janjua Hussnain A. , Ahmad Nasir M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolyethersulfone (PES) membranes are prevalent in the field of water treatment owing to their exceptional separation efficiency, robust mechanical properties, and resistance to chemical degradation. Nevertheless, these membranes are prone to fouling, resulting in a decrease in both flux and ultrafiltration efficiency. In the present study, PES membranes are blended with poly (3‐Sulfopropyl Methacrylate) (PSPMA) in various weight percentages (0%–3%) to improve their antifouling and ultrafiltration properties. The physicochemical properties of the blended membranes, including surface morphology, contact angle, hydrophilicity and surface energy are evaluated. The findings indicate that incorporation PSPMA results in an enhancement of the hydrophilic properties and surface charge of the PES membranes, assessed by employing Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a representative protein. Modified blended membranes display greater Flux Recovery Ratio (FRR%) and exhibit superior fouling resistance. Under the same experimental conditions (0.2 MPa applied pressure), a pure water flux of 154.18 L·m−2·h−1 for PES/PSPMA membrane found substantially greater than pure PES membrane (103.52 L·m−2·h−1) along with Total Fouling Ratio (TFR) of 36% and 64.9% respectively. Exceptional antimicrobial efficacy for modified membranes is revealed against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) using disc diffusion technique rendering them well‐suited for water treatment applications.
Outcomes of critically ill children with pre‐existing mental health conditions
Authors: Krawiec Conrad , Cash Morgan , Ceneviva Gary , Tian Zizhong , Zhou Shouhao , Thomas Neal J. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceCritically ill children with pre‐existing mental health conditions may have an increased risk of poor health outcomes.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate if pre‐existing mental health conditions in critically ill pediatric patients would be associated with worse clinical outcomes, compared to children with no documented mental health conditions.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study utilized the TriNetX electronic health record database of critically ill subjects aged 12–18 years. Data were analyzed for demographics, pre‐existing conditions, diagnostic, medication, procedural codes, and mortality.ResultsFrom a dataset of 102 027 critically ill children, we analyzed 1999 subjects (284 [14.2%] with a pre‐existing mental health condition and 1715 [85.8%] with no pre‐existing mental health condition). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that death within one year was associated with the presence of pre‐existing mental health conditions (odds ratio 8.97 [3.48–23.15], P < 0.001), even after controlling for the presence of a complex chronic condition.InterpretationThe present study demonstrates that the presence of pre‐existing mental health conditions was associated with higher odds of death within 1 year after receiving critical care. However, the confidence interval was wide and hence, the findings are inconclusive. Future studies with a larger sample size may be necessary to evaluate the true long‐term impact of children with pre‐existing mental health conditions who require critical care services.
Expanding the shelf life of chicken fillets by the use of polylactic acid (PLA) active films: An investigation of orange oil antibacterial potential
Authors: Yildiz Eda , Aydogdu Emir Ayca 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, orange oil was incorporated into biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) at various concentrations (1.25%, 1.875%, 2.5%, and 3.75% w/v) to develop potential antimicrobial food packages. Increasing orange oil concentration caused a gradual increase in the films' opacity values, making them more appropriate for packaging of foods having a potential to be affected from UV‐light. Independent of orange oil concentration, the water vapor permeability of the films decreased. While orange oil incorporation did not alter thermal stability of the active films, a slight reduction in glass transition and melting temperature values was observed. The antimicrobial activity of the films was examined on the most common food‐borne pathogens (E. coli, S. aureus), and it is only the film containing 3.75% w/v (PLA_3) that showed an inhibitory activity on both microorganisms. Finally, the shelf life of the chicken fillets packed with neat PLA (PLA_0) and PLA_3 films was compared, and PLA_3 increased the shelf life up to day‐9.Highlights
Various concentrations of orange oil were used to develop active polylactic acid (PLA) films.
Opacity of the films increased with increasing oil concentration.
Incorporation of orange oil resulted in decreasing water vapor permeability.
Orange oil worsened both tensile strength and elongation at break of films.
PLA_3 inhibited the growth of microorganisms and extended the shelf life of chicken fillet.