bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences and outcomes in surgical infective endocarditis
Authors: Leterrier Juliette , Iung Bernard , de Tymoski Christian , Deconinck Laurene , Para Marylou , Duval Xavier , Provenchere Sophie , Mesnier Jules , Delhomme Clemence , Haviari Skerdi , Urena Marina , Suc Gaspard 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with significant hospital mortality, and female sex may be associated with worse outcomes. However, the impact of sex on the presenting characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients operated on for acute infective endocarditis (IE) has not been adequately studied.

OBJECTIVES
The goal of our study was to analyse differences in management and outcome of IE between women and men who undergo surgery.

METHODS
Clinical data of 717 patients undergoing cardiac surgery for IE between December 2005 and December 2019 were prospectively collected. Sex-related postoperative outcomes including in-hospital mortality were recorded. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify potential sex-related determinant of in-hospital mortality.

RESULTS
In all, 532 male patients (74.2%) and 185 female patients (25.8%) underwent surgery for IE. At baseline, women had more frequent mitral regurgitation with 63 patients (34.1%) than men with 135 patients (25.4%) (P = 0.002). Female sex was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (23.2% versus 17.3%, P = 0.049). However, multivariable analysis revealed age (P &lt; 0.01), antibiotics &lt; 7 days before surgery (P = 0.01) and staphylococcal IE (P &lt; 0.01) but not female sex (P = 0.99) as independent determinants of hospital mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
In this study of patients operated-on for IE, female sex was associated with more severe manifestations of IE and significantly higher in-hospital mortality. However, after multivariable analysis, initial presentation, but not sex, seemed to determine clinical outcomes.
Extensive Disease and Exposure to Multiple Biologics Precolectomy Is Associated with Endoscopic Cuffitis Post–Ileal Pouch–Anal Anastomosis in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Posner Hannah , Lombard Rachel , Akiyama Shintaro , Cohen Nathaniel A , Rubin David T , Dubinsky Marla C , Dalal Sushila , Kayal Maia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
To better inform the risk of cuffitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), we aimed to identify its occurrence and associated precolectomy factors in a large multicenter cohort of patients who underwent restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with stapled ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA).

Methods
This study was a retrospective cohort analysis of individuals diagnosed with UC or indeterminate colitis who underwent RPC with IPAA for refractory disease or dysplasia at Mount Sinai Hospital or the University of Chicago followed by at least 1 pouchoscopy with report of the pouch–anal anastomosis. The primary outcome was cuffitis defined as ulceration of the cuff as reported in each pouchoscopy report.

Results
The pouch–anal anastomosis was mentioned in the pouchoscopy reports of 674 patients, of whom 525 (77.9%) had a stapled anastomosis. Among these, cuffitis occurred in 313 (59.6%) patients a median of 1.51 (interquartile range 0.59-4.17) years after final surgical stage. On multivariable analysis, older age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.02), extensive disease (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01-1.78), exposure to biologics before colectomy (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.93-3.27), and exposure to at least 2 or more biologics before colectomy (HR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.40-3.39) were significantly associated with subsequent cuffitis.

Conclusions
In this multicenter study of patients who underwent RPC with stapled IPAA and at least 1 follow-up pouchoscopy, cuffitis occurred in approximately 60% and was significantly associated with extensive disease and exposure to multiple biologics precolectomy.
The relationship among vedolizumab drug concentrations, biomarkers of inflammation, and clinical outcomes in a Canadian real-world study
Authors: Seow Cynthia H , Marshall John K , Stewart Erin , Pettengell Christopher , Ward Ryan , Afif Waqqas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Therapeutic drug monitoring is used to optimize anti-tumour necrosis factor biologic effectiveness in inflammatory bowel disease, but its role with other biological classes is unclear. This study explores relationships between post-induction vedolizumab trough concentrations and biochemical outcomes in a real-world study of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods
This retrospective analysis of data from a national patient support program between 2018 and 2020, included 436 individuals with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis receiving vedolizumab. Optimal vedolizumab concentration thresholds (at weeks 6 and 14) were determined based on their ability to predict biochemical normalization (week 30 faecal calprotectin [&lt;250 µg/g], C-reactive protein [&lt;5 mg/l]). Thresholds best associated with each outcome were evaluated in multivariate analyses.

Results
Among patients with Crohn’s disease, week 6 serum vedolizumab concentrations (&gt;41.65 µg/ml) predicted normalization defined by C-reactive protein: Spearman correlation coefficient [ρ] = −0.26, P = 0.002 and multivariate analysis (MVA)—OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.32–7.87, P = 0.01, and at week 14 (&gt;22.25 µg/ml): ρ = −0.38, P &lt; 0.0001, and MVA—OR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.26–8.17 but not faecal calprotectin. Similarly, among patients with ulcerative colitis, week 6 vedolizumab concentrations (&gt;39.65 g/ml) predicted normalization defined by C-reactive protein: ρ = −0.26, P = 0.005 and MVA—OR: 4.03, 95% CI: 1.30–12.52, P = 0.016, and at week 14 (&gt;17.35 µg/ml): ρ = −0.39, P = 0.0001 and MVA—OR: 6.95, 95% CI: 1.81–26.77, P = 0.005, but not faecal calprotectin.

Conclusions
Induction and post-induction serum vedolizumab were not consistently associated with biochemical normalization. As such, proactive therapeutic drug monitoring for vedolizumab should not be routinely incorporated in a treat to target strategy for inflammatory bowel disease.

Clinical Trial Registration Number
NCT04567628.
Optimized network for detecting burr-breakage in images of milling workpieces
Authors: Riego del Castillo Virginia , Sánchez-González Lidia , Strisciuglio Nicola 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Quality standards fulfilment is an essential task in manufacturing processes that involves high costs. One target is to avoid the presence of burrs in the edge of machine workpieces, which reduce the quality of the products. Furthermore, they are not easily removed since the part can even be damaged. In this paper, we propose an optimized Convolutional Neural Network, to detect the presence of burrs in images of milling parts. Its design is focused on the optimization of classification (accuracy) and performance metrics (training time and number of trainable parameters). The proposed architecture identifies burrs with a 91.16% accuracy in the test set, outperforming existing models as EfficientNetB0. It also reduces the number of trainable parameters from other models as AlexNet by 1.5 million. The prediction process just takes 48.39 milliseconds per image. Finally, in order to check if the model gets a high activation in the region of interest, a visual explanation of the model is also carried out by using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping.
Sign-based image criteria for social interaction visual question answering
Authors: Chuganskaya Anfisa A , Kovalev Alexey K , Panov Aleksandr I 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The multi-modal tasks have started to play a significant role in the research on artificial intelligence. A particular example of that domain is visual–linguistic tasks, such as visual question answering. The progress of modern machine learning systems is determined, among other things, by the data on which these systems are trained. Most modern visual question answering data sets contain limited type questions that can be answered either by directly accessing the image itself or by using external data. At the same time, insufficient attention is paid to the issues of social interactions between people, which limits the scope of visual question answering systems. In this paper, we propose criteria by which images suitable for social interaction visual question answering can be selected for composing such questions, based on psychological research. We believe this should serve the progress of visual question answering systems.
Hemorrhagic giant adrenal myelolipoma discovered incidentally: a case report
Authors: Alhassan Luma , Nasser Hassan , Ali Mohammed A , Sagher Haneen G , Al-janabi Moatasem H 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Adrenal myelolipomas are rare, benign, nonfunctional tumors composed of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements. Hemorrhage within an adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon occurrence, and when it happens, it can present with various clinical manifestations. Here, we report a case of a hemorrhagic giant adrenal myelolipoma in a 45-year-old female that was discovered incidentally. We discuss the clinical presentation, radiological findings, surgical intervention, and postoperative outcomes in this case report.
Navigating missing link: innovative cannulation for robotic mitral valve repair in the absence of inferior vena cava
Authors: Alwatari Yahya , Randall Lindsey , Rowse Phillip G , Daly Richard C , Arghami Arman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cardiac surgeries often require the use of cardiopulmonary bypass to allow visualization and manipulation of tissues. Vascular anomalies may impose challenges with access configuration. A patient was evaluated for robot-assisted mitral valve repair and found to have an atretic inferior vena cava secondary due to chronic occlusion. The patient was cannulated arterially through the left common femoral artery, and two cannulation sites were applied for venous drainage: the right intrajugular vein and a second percutaneous access site directly into the right atrium through the chest wall. The procedure was completed without immediate complications, and the patient’s perioperative course was unremarkable.
Multidisciplinary approach to the management of renal angiomyolipoma with inferior vena cava thrombus and pulmonary embolism: a case report
Authors: Perdue Jordyn , Wells Alexandra , Patel Krishna , Du Plessis Wihan , Varre Jaya , Salibi Patrick 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign tumor with rare venous extension. We present a case of a patient with renal AML with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus and acute pulmonary embolism (PE). A 34-year-old female presented with chest pain. Imaging revealed a 5 cm right renal AML, with tumor thrombus into the renal vein and IVC, and acute left lower lobe PE. Right radical nephrectomy and caval thrombectomy were performed using intraoperative ultrasound. Rarely, these benign tumors generate thrombus with caval extension. The location of IVC thrombus guides surgical planning, which may involve suprahepatic IVC control or cardiopulmonary bypass. Early involvement of a multidisciplinary team with extensive preoperative planning can help achieve successful outcomes.
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with a quadruple-hit genetic profile including concurrent MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 gene rearrangements
Authors: Gagnon Marie-France , Meyer Reid G , Weaver Eric J , Wood Adam J , Dupuy Dudley A , Menachery Sudeep J , Shi Min , Baughn Linda B , Ketterling Rhett P , Peterson Jess F 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Several reports of concurrent MYC, BCL2, BCL6, and CCND1 rearrangements in high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) have been recently described. Herein, we aimed to delineate the scope of this entity through a review of HGBL with a “quadruple-hit” genetic profile identified at our institution. We performed a retrospective review (2015-2023) at our institution of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) cases that were evaluated with concurrent MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 break-apart and IGH::MYC and IGH::CCND1 dual-color dual-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization studies. Of 203 cases meeting inclusion criteria, 2 (1%) with a quadruple-hit genetic profile were identified. Case 1 represented a 59-year-old female with widespread lymphadenopathy and a diagnosis of HGBL who exhibited primary refractoriness to dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) chemotherapy. Case 2 represented a 58-year-old male with mediastinal and abdominal lymphadenopathy and a diagnosis of large BCL who died from disease after 1 cycle of DA-EPOCH-R chemotherapy. Similarly, a literature review of 7 previously reported cases of HGBL with a quadruple-hit profile also demonstrated aggressive disease behavior. Our study adds 2 new cases to the rarely encountered quadruple-hit HGBL, and a brief meta-analysis of the 9 available cases indicates aggressive disease behavior conferred by this constellation of genetic events.
A reanalysis of the LHS 1140 b atmosphere observed with the Hubble Space Telescope
Authors: Biagini Alfredo , Cracchiolo Gianluca , Petralia Antonino , Maldonado Jesús , Di Maio Claudia , Micela Giuseppina 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The super-Earth LHS 1140 b is an interesting target for atmospheric observations since it is close to the habitable zone of its star and falls in the gap of the radius distribution of small exoplanets, in the region thought to correspond to the transition between planets with and without atmospheres. Observations of the primary transit with WFC3 onboard of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) revealed a modulation in the planet transmission spectrum compatible with the presence of water; however, this modulation may be also due to stellar activity-related phenomena. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the WFC3/HST observations to probe the nature of this modulation and to understand if it can be attributable to the presence of unocculted spots on the stellar surface. Our analysis strongly suggests that LHS1140 is a rather quiet star with subsolar [Fe/H] and enriched in α elements. Therefore, we rule out the possibility that the planetary spectrum is affected by the presence of spots and faculae. This analysis shows the importance of a proper modelling of the stellar spectrum when analysing transit observations. Finally, we modelled the planetary atmosphere of LHS1140 b to retrieve its atmospheric composition. However, the low resolution and the narrow spectral range of HST observations prevented us from definitively determining whether the spectral features are attributable to the presence of water or of other molecules in the planetary atmosphere.
The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster
Authors: Smith Castelli A V , Cortesi A , Haack R F , Lopes A R , Thainá-Batista J , Cid Fernandes R , Lomelí-Núñez L , Ribeiro U , de Bom C R , Cernic V , Sodré Jr L , Zenocratti L , De Rossi M E , Calderón J P , Herpich F , Telles E , Saha K , Lopes P A A , Lopes-Silva V H , Gonçalves T S , Bambrila D , Cardoso N M , Buzzo M L , Astudillo Sotomayor P , Demarco R , Leigh N , Sarzi M , Menéndez-Delmestre K , Faifer F R , Jiménez-Teja Y , Grossi M , Hernández-Jiménez J A , Krabbe A C , Gutiérrez Soto L A , Brandão D , Espinosa L , Olave-Rojas D E , Oliveira Schwarz G B , Almeida-Fernandes F , Schoenell W , Ribeiro T , Kanaan A , Mendes de Oliveira C 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The Fornax galaxy cluster is the richest nearby (D ∼ 20 Mpc) galaxy association in the southern sky. As such, it provides a wealth of opportunities to elucidate on the processes where environment holds a key role in transforming galaxies. Although it has been the focus of many studies, Fornax has never been explored with contiguous homogeneous wide-field imaging in 12 photometric narrow and broad bands like those provided by the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). In this paper, we present the S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP) that aims to comprehensively analyse the galaxy content of the Fornax cluster using S-PLUS. Our data set consists of 106 S-PLUS wide-field frames (FoV∼1.4 × 1.4 deg2) observed in five Sloan Digital Sky Survey-like ugriz broad bands and seven narrow bands covering specific spectroscopic features like [O ii], Ca ii H+K, Hδ, G band, Mg b triplet, Hα, and the Ca ii triplet. Based on S-PLUS specific automated photometry, aimed at correctly detecting Fornax galaxies and globular clusters in S-PLUS images, our data set provides the community with catalogues containing homogeneous 12-band photometry for ∼3 × 106 resolved and unresolved objects within a region extending over ∼208 deg2 (∼5 Rvir in RA) around Fornax’ central galaxy, NGC 1399. We further explore the eagle and IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations to identify 45 Fornax-like clusters and generate mock images on all 12 S-PLUS bands of these structures down to galaxies with M⋆ ≥ 108 M⊙. The S+FP data set we put forward in this first paper of a series will enable a variety of studies some of which are briefly presented.
Including a luminous central remnant in radiative transfer simulations for Type Iax supernovae
Authors: Callan F P , Sim S A , Collins C E , Shingles L J , Lach F , Röpke F K , Pakmor R , Kromer M , Srivastav S 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Type Iax supernovae (SNe Iax) are proposed to arise from deflagrations of Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs (WDs). Previous deflagration simulations have achieved good agreement with the light curves and spectra of intermediate-luminosity and bright SNe Iax. However, the model light curves decline too quickly after peak, particularly in red optical and near-infrared (NIR) bands. Deflagration models with a variety of ignition configurations do not fully unbind the WD, leaving a remnant polluted with 56Ni. Emission from such a remnant may contribute to the luminosity of SNe Iax. Here we investigate the impact of adding a central energy source, assuming instantaneous powering by 56Ni decay in the remnant, in radiative transfer calculations of deflagration models. Including the remnant contribution improves agreement with the light curves of SNe Iax, particularly due to the slower post-maximum decline of the models. Spectroscopic agreement is also improved, with intermediate-luminosity and faint models showing greatest improvement. We adopt the full remnant 56Ni mass predicted for bright models, but good agreement with intermediate-luminosity and faint SNe Iax is only possible for remnant 56Ni masses significantly lower than those predicted. This may indicate that some of the 56Ni decay energy in the remnant does not contribute to the radiative luminosity but instead drives mass ejection, or that escape of energy from the remnant is significantly delayed. Future work should investigate the structure of remnants predicted by deflagration models and the potential roles of winds and delayed energy escape, as well as extend radiative transfer simulations to late times.
Constraining ion transport in the diamagnetic cavity of comet 67P
Authors: Lewis Z M , Beth A , Galand M , Henri P , Rubin M , Stephenson P 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The European Space Agency Rosetta mission escorted comet 67P for a 2-yr section of its six and a half-year orbit around the Sun. By perihelion in 2015 August, the neutral and plasma data obtained by the spacecraft instruments showed the comet had transitioned to a dynamic object with large-scale plasma structures and a rich ion environment. One such plasma structure is the diamagnetic cavity: a magnetic field-free region formed by interaction between the unmagnetized cometary plasma and the impinging solar wind. Within this region, unexpectedly high ion bulk velocities have been observed, thought to have been accelerated by an ambipolar electric field. We have developed a 1D numerical model of the cometary ionosphere to constrain the impact of various electric field profiles on the ionospheric density profile and ion composition. In the model, we include three ion species: H2O+, H3O+, and $\mathrm{NH_4^+}$. The latter, not previously considered in ionospheric models including acceleration, is produced through the protonation of NH3 and only lost through ion–electron dissociative recombination, and thus particularly sensitive to the time-scale of plasma loss through transport. We also assess the importance of including momentum transfer when assessing ion composition and densities in the presence of an electric field. By comparing simulated electron densities to Rosetta Plasma Consortium data sets, we find that to recreate the plasma densities measured inside the diamagnetic cavity near perihelion, the model requires an electric field proportional to r−1 of around 0.5–2 mV m−1 surface strength, leading to bulk ion speeds at Rosetta of 1.2–3.0 km s−1.
Health Care Utilization and Clinical Management of All-Cause and Norovirus-Associated Acute Gastroenteritis Within a US Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Cates Jordan , Mattison Claire P , Groom Holly , Donald Judy , Hall Rebecca P , Schmidt Mark A , Hall Aron J , Naleway Allison L , Mirza Sara A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Norovirus-associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE) exacts a substantial disease burden, yet the health care utilization for and clinical management of norovirus-associated AGE are not well characterized.

Methods
We describe the health care encounters and therapeutics used for patients with all-cause and norovirus-associated AGE in the Kaiser Permanente Northwest health system from 1 April 2014 through 30 September 2016. Medical encounters for patients with AGE were extracted from electronic health records, and encounters within 30 days of one another were grouped into single episodes. An age-stratified random sample of patients completed surveys and provided stool samples for norovirus testing.

Results
In total, 40 348 individuals had 52 509 AGE episodes; 460 (14%) of 3310 participants in the substudy tested positive for norovirus. An overall 35% of all-cause AGE episodes and 29% of norovirus-associated AGE episodes had ≥2 encounters. While 80% of norovirus-associated AGE episodes had at least 1 encounter in the outpatient setting, all levels of the health care system were affected: 10%, 22%, 10%, and 2% of norovirus-associated AGE episodes had at least 1 encounter in virtual, urgent care, emergency department, and inpatient settings, respectively. Corresponding proportions of therapeutic use between norovirus-positive and norovirus-negative episodes were 13% and 10% for intravenous hydration (P = .07), 65% and 50% for oral rehydration (P &lt; .001), 7% and 14% for empiric antibiotic therapy (P &lt; .001), and 33% and 18% for antiemetics (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Increased health care utilization and therapeutics are likely needed for norovirus-associated AGE episodes during peak norovirus winter seasons, and these data illustrate that effective norovirus vaccines will likely result in less health care utilization.