bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-acting exenatide does not prevent cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment: a proof-of-concept clinical trial
Authors: Dei Cas A. , Micheli M. M. , Aldigeri R. , Gardini S. , Ferrari-Pellegrini F. , Perini M. , Messa G. , Antonini M. , Spigoni V. , Cinquegrani G. , Vazzana A. , Moretti V. , Caffarra P. , Bonadonna R. C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
According to preclinical evidence, GLP-1 receptor may be an actionable target in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous clinical trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists were conducted in patients with early AD, yielding mixed results. The aim was to assess in a proof-of-concept study whether slow-release exenatide, a long-acting GLP-1 agonist, can benefit the cognitive performance of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods
Thirty-two (16 females) patients were randomized to either slow-release exenatide (n = 17; 2 mg s.c. once a week) or no treatment (n = 15) for 32 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in ADAS-Cog11 cognitive test score at 32 weeks vs baseline. Secondary endpoints herein reported included additional cognitive tests and plasma readouts of GLP-1 receptor engagement. Statistical analysis was conducted by intention to treat.

Results
No significant between-group effects of exenatide on ADAS-Cog11 score (p = 0.17) were detected. A gender interaction with treatment was observed (p = 0.04), due to worsening of the ADAS-Cog11 score in women randomized to exenatide (p = 0.018), after correction for age, scholar level, dysglycemia, and ADAS-Cog score baseline value. Fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.02) and body weight (p = 0.03) decreased in patients randomized to exenatide.

Conclusion
In patients with MCI, a 32-week trial with slow-release exenatide had no beneficial effect on cognitive performance.

Trial registration number
NCT03881371, registered on 21 July, 2016.
Diophantine equation with weighted k-Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Gueth K. , Szalay L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAssume thatp,q, andkare integers for which the conditions$$1\le p,q\le 10$$1≤p,q≤10and$$2\le k\le 10$$2≤k≤10are satisfied. The initial values$$G_0=0$$G0=0,$$G_1=1$$G1=1, together with the recursive rule$$G_m=kG_{m-1}+G_{m-2}$$Gm=kGm-1+Gm-2define the non-negative integer sequence$$\{G_m\}_{m=0}^\infty$${Gm}m=0∞. In this paper, we solve completely the diophantine equation$$\begin{aligned} G_1^p+2G_2^p+\cdots +\ell G_\ell ^p=G_n^q \end{aligned}$$G1p+2G2p+⋯+ℓGℓp=Gnqin the positive integers$$k,p,q,\ell ,n$$k,p,q,ℓ,nunconditionally for$$\ell$$ℓandn. The method works, at least in theory for arbitrary positive integersp,q, andk.
Interwoven Concepts of Ascetic, God, and Relic: An Iconographical Innovation During Pre-Modern Period in South India
Authors: Rao Nalini 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research brings to light a paradoxical phenomenon of mummification and veneration of “whole-body relic” of the ascetic whose remains are enshrined in avṛndāvana. The termvṛndāvanais normally attributed to the garden where Krsna and thegopisdanced in eternal bliss. However, the relic of the ascetic head of a sectarian monastery is termed asvṛndāvanaas well. There are numerous relic memorials in the sectarianVedānta Vaisnava Dvaitamonastery and its branches, where it is worshipped particularly in the state of Karnataka. This paper is an investigation into the rationale for the naming of the whole-body relic memorial asvṛndāvana. Such an attribution in term to a memorial and icon of an ascetic head and a transformation of its meaning is a conundrum. I argue that the rationale for such an adoption lies in the geographical, mythological, metaphysical, and philosophical connections between Krsna’svṛndāvanaand that of the ascetic. The sources that I have used in order to comprehend the traditional concepts and historical context include ancientPūraṇas, archeological and artistic evidence,bhaktipoetry, and discussions with living ascetics. This multidisciplinary exploration reveals the inventive genius ofDvaitamonasteries and the sacred interchangeable concept-status and sacredness, dead and living between the ascetic and God.
The communication and measurement architecture of BDS-3 global operations and services
Authors: Li Gang , Guo Shuren , Gong Wenbin , Han Kai , Gao Weiguang , Shao Fengwei , Wang Wenbin , Tang Chengpan , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study introduces the third-generation BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) system’s creative global operation and service architecture based on regional stations and Ka-band inter-satellite links (ISLs). The architecture’s contributions to BDS-3 include not only combined orbit determination and time synchronization but also autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization, global operations and services. The BDS-3 on-orbit operation results are being presented in the paper to verify the designed capabilities. Compared with BDS-2, the orbit determination accuracy is improving from 0.6 m to 0.15 m, and the time synchronization accuracy is improving from 6.67 ns to 1.16 ns. Under autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization, the 30-day orbit maintenance accuracy reaches 16 m, and the time synchronization accuracy reaches 3.74 ns. The success rate of data transmission reaches 99%, and the delay is better than 12.9 s. In the future, laser ISLs will be used to enhance the system structure and further improve global operation and service capabilities.
Sustainable development goal 6 and the challenge of pipe-borne water connectivity in a growing tropical city: a case study
Authors: Ogunbode Timothy O. , Esan Vincent I. , Oyebamiji Victor O. , Akande John A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWater dams have been constructed in various regions across the globe to enhance access to potable water. Among these, the Aiba water reservoir, commissioned in 1957, was envisioned as a pivotal source of treated water for Iwo and its environs. Unfortunately, despite its inauguration, the primary objective of ensuring a sustainable and reliable water supply to the community remains unrealized to date. This research seeks to evaluate the accessibility of the study area to pipe-borne water (PBW) and discern the driving forces through the administration of structured questionnaire across 480 respondents out of which 458 were retrieved for analysis. The study utilized both descriptive and inferential statistics, employing Statistical Product for Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23. The respondent demographic revealed that 83.6% were female, and 18.4% claimed paying water tariffs while 76.2% relied on groundwater as their principal source of water. The data showed revealed diverse factors hindering PBW connectivity namely: Administrative bottlenecks (12%), while 57% cited the availability of alternative water sources as a reason for not connecting to PBW; 9% reported poor infrastructure for PBW, and 18% highlighted the unreliability of water supply from Aiba Water Works (AWW). Further analysis through Factor Analysis (FA) pinpointed three salient variables significantly influencing PBW accessibility. These are proximity to the main network (42.557%); cost of connectivity (22.275%); and availability of other sources (14.480%). These findings underscored the critical importance of expanding the PBW network, given the prevalent non-proximity of most residences to the main water pipes. Moreover, the research suggests that capacity building initiatives should be implemented to enhance the economic well-being of citizens, thereby fostering an improved quality of life for the inhabitants of the studied area. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the complexities surrounding water accessibility and offers practical recommendations to realise SDG 6 by 2030.
Graphical Abstract
Whittaker categories of quasi-reductive lie superalgebras and quantum symmetric pairs
Authors: Chen Chih-Whi , Cheng Shun-Jen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that, for an arbitrary finite-dimensional quasi-reductive Lie superalgebra over

${\mathbb {C}}$

with a triangular decomposition and a character

$\zeta $

of the nilpotent radical, the associated Backelin functor

$\Gamma _\zeta $

sends Verma modules to standard Whittaker modules provided the latter exist. As a consequence, this gives a complete solution to the problem of determining the composition factors of the standard Whittaker modules in terms of composition factors of Verma modules in the category

${\mathcal {O}}$

. In the case of the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras, we show that the Backelin functor

$\Gamma _\zeta $

and its target category, respectively, categorify a q-symmetrizing map and the corresponding q-symmetrized Fock space associated with a quasi-split quantum symmetric pair of type

$AIII$

.
Confucian Culture and Democratic Values: An Empirical Comparative Study in East Asia
Authors: Huang Minxuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany studies have been conducted on the link between Confucianism and democratic values in East Asia, but they have failed to account for the complex character of Confucianism and the possible impact of political systems. This study re-measures Confucian values into four dimensions—authoritarianism, familialism, collectivism, and harmoniousness—based on data from the fourth wave of the Asian Barometer survey. It then uses a multi-layer linear regression model to examine the relationship between the Confucian cultural values and the democratic values held by people in six East Asian societies at both the macro and micro levels. The findings demonstrate an asymmetrical pattern in the relationship between the various dimensions of Confucian cultural values and the democratic values of East Asia, collectivist values do not affect democratic values, while familial and authoritarian values have a significant and negative correlation with democratic values. Harmonious values have a significant and positive correlation with democratic values. In addition, there is a significant positive correlation between democratic institutions and the democratic values, and the relationship between the values of harmoniousness and collectivism and democratic values varies across countries with different political systems. This offers insightful material for reflection as we reconsider the connection between Confucianism and democracy in East Asia.
Flux and estimated spectra from a low-intensity laser-driven X-ray source
Authors: Mix L. Tyler , Maslow James A. , Jaworski Michael A. , Coleman Joshua E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Laser-driven X-rays as probes for high-energy-density physics spans an extremely large parameter space with laser intensities varying by 8 orders of magnitude. We have built and characterized a soft X-ray source driven by a modest intensity laser of 4 × 1013 W/cm2. Emitted X-rays were measured by diamond radiation detectors and a filtered soft X-ray camera. A material-dependence study on Al, Ti, stainless steel alloy 304, Fe, Cu and Sn targets indicated 5-μm-thick Cu foils produced the highest X-ray yield. X-ray emission in the laser direction and emission in the reverse direction depend strongly on the foil material and the thickness due to the opacity and hydrodynamic disassembly time. The time-varying X-ray signals are used to measure the material thinning rate and is found to be ∼1.5 μm/ns for the materials tested implying thermal temperature around 0.6 eV. The X-ray spectra from Cu targets peaks at ∼2 keV with no emission >4 keV and was estimated using images with eight different foil filters. One-dimensional hydrodynamic and spectral calculations using HELIOS-CR provide qualitative agreement with experimental results. Modest intensity lasers can be an excellent source for nanosecond bursts of soft X-rays.
‘Entirely white’? Female immigrants and domestic work in Italy (1960s–1970s)
Authors: Gissi Alessandra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecently, a renewed history of foreign immigration in Italy, focusing on the very first migration flows after the Second World War, has offered a more appropriate periodisation of the phenomenon. Women have been at the forefront of these flows, which were initially determined by the new postcolonial setting of the former Italian colonies (Eritrea, Somalia and Ethiopia). Subsequently, the immigrants came from various other countries (Spain, Cape Verde, Portugal, El Salvador, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Ceylon, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan). At the same time, the majority of them were employed in a specific sector of the labour market: domestic work. This article focuses on female immigrants who were employed as domestic workers, their presence in public discourse in Italy in the 1960s and 1970s, and government policies in this area. Drawing on statistical data and surveys, press and audiovisual materials, and feminist theory and practices, it aims to analyse the construction of paradigms – visibility, invisibility, subalternity, rights and racialisation – associated with female immigration and domestic work as a specific sector of employment.
Nationalism, Pronatalism, and the Guild of Gynecology: The Complex Legacy of Abortion Regulation in Hungary
Authors: Pető Andrea , Svégel Fanni 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
By tracing the history of abortion politics in Hungary since World War I, this article covers a century of conflict with particular attention to gynecologists’ self-serving professional jockeying and lobbying under very different political regimes. It suggests that nationalism has been a pivotal element of the abortion debates that both government actors and gynecologists have shaped over the last hundred years and argues that abortion rights were differently recognized in eastern and western Europe during the Cold War because of the legacy of mass wartime rapes committed by the Soviet troops in Hungary, among other countries, which determined those countries’ postwar legislation on abortion and reproductive rights. The article introduces the rarely researched contribution of the gynecologist lobby to the debates by examining how they could represent their own interests independently of political regime. Today, Hungary's illiberal regime questions the legitimacy of abortion by normalizing US fundamentalist-Christian discourse because anti-abortion policy fits into its nation-building course.
Why language revitalization fails: Revivalist vs. traditional ontologies of language in Provence
Authors: Costa James 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article asks why the Occitan language revitalization movement, which began in the 1850s, failed to convince the vast majority of Occitan speakers. Traditional explanations focus on social conflict, alienation, and diglossic ideologies. While essential elements, they may not provide a full account. Challenging the idea that patois is just a derogatory term pinned on what is in fact a language, this article proposes to take seriously the claim by traditional speakers that a patois is not a language. Drawing on fieldwork in Provence and historical data, I propose that the divergence is fundamentally ontological, revealing sharp differences that suggest that patois and language are indeed two separate things. The language movement's reduction of the patois/language issue to one of labels helps explain why traditional speakers and language advocates have been talking past each other for 150 years, raising practical questions for language movements worldwide. (Patois, occitan, ontologies of language, language revitalization, linguistic natures)*
Investigation of management practices to optimize cereal rye cover crop-based weed mitigation in Canadian sweet corn production
Authors: Brackenridge Hayley L. , Bae Jichul , Simard Marie-Josée , Tardif François J. , Bosveld Kerry , Nurse Robert E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fall-sown cereal rye has gained popularity as a cover crop in vegetable production due to its weed-suppressive capabilities. However, previous research has shown that replacing preemergence and/or postemergence herbicide applications with roller-crimped rye has variable success at controlling weeds and maintaining vegetable cash crop yields. The objective of this research was to determine whether roller-crimped rye can provide season-long weed control and maintain sweet corn yield. Two rye cultivars (early vs. standard maturity) were compared at three seeding rates (150, 300, and 600 seeds m−2) for their effect on weed control and sweet corn yield. The trial was conducted at three locations: Harrow, ON, and St. Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, from 2019 to 2021; and Agassiz, BC, in 2019 and 2021. Results suggest that although the early-maturing cultivar allowed for earlier roller crimping in some locations, it was inferior at weed control and resulted in lower sweet corn yield than local standard cultivars. The average rye biomass was lower than the current literature recommendations, and the resulting level of weed control was not high enough to prevent sweet corn yield loss in cover crop treatments. Weed control provided by roller-crimped rye peaked between crimping and 8 wk after crimping and was highest in the standard cultivars sown at 300 and 600 seeds m−2. Preliminary testing of supplemental postemergence weed control showed evidence for sweet corn yields comparable to the weed-free no-cover crop check. However, more research is needed. Overall, with the cultivars and seeding rates tested, roller-crimped rye is not a suitable stand-alone weed control option in sweet corn production. Given the benefits of cover crops, further research should evaluate its potential as a component of an integrated weed management program.
Methanogen‐Mediated Precipitation of Mn Carbonates at the Expense of Mn Oxides
Authors: Cai Shixi , Wei Gangjian , Xian Haiyang , Zhu Jianxi , Xu Yi‐Gang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhether Mn carbonates can be used as a proxy for the oxygenation event is debated. Here we examined the Early Cretaceous lacustrine Mn carbonates from North China, which contain abundant microbial fossils. The extremely positive δ13C (up to +15‰ relative to Vienna Peedee belemnite) and micro‐area enrichment of Ni strongly indicate a methanogenic archaea origin of these microorganisms. Transmission electron microscope and electron energy loss spectroscopy show the nanoscale transformation of Mn‐oxides (Mg‐exchanged phyllomanganate) to Mn carbonates (kutnohorite), on extracellular polymeric substances. The reaction of the Mn oxides with organic matter resulted in increasing pH and alkalinity, together with the fluctuating pH, offering a suitable micro‐environment for the transformation processes. These Mn carbonates are therefore indicative of an oxidized, sulfate‐absent environment. The depicted scenario serves as a reference to ocean of the early Earth and provides a referable Mn oxide tracer for determining the emergence of the Great Oxidation Event.
Quality of life and socioeconomic and educational status in patients with congenital hypothyroidism
Authors: Danner Emmi , Sund Reijo , Sintonen Harri , Niuro Laura , Niinikoski Harri , Huopio Hanna , Viikari Liisa A. , Jääskeläinen Jarmo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) on quality of life, level of education and socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods
Two independent study cohorts, a national and a regional, were collected from Finnish national registers and patient records. Data on social security benefits, SES, marital status, and education were collected from Statistics Finland. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was studied in the regional patient cohort with the standardized 15D and 16D instruments.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences in education level, marital status, or SES between CH patients (n = 40) and their matched controls at the age of 25 years. The mean 15D score was both statistically significantly and clinically importantly lower in CH patients (n = 29) than controls (0.904 vs. 0.953, p = 0.008). CH patients reported significantly lower scores across various dimensions of physical and mental HRQoL, including breathing, sleeping, speech, excretion, mental function, distress, and vitality. The mean 16D score was lower in CH patients compared to controls (0.917, vs. 0.947), but without statistical significance.

Conclusion
SES of CH patients did not differ from matched controls. Thus, most CH patients integrate well into society, but their HRQoL is impaired.

Impact

Most patients with primary congenital hypothyroidism integrate well into society. In the current study, their socioeconomic and marital status did not differ from matched controls at the age of 25 years.

However, health-related quality of life measured using 15D instrument was impaired.

Every fourth patient reported that congenital hypothyroidism influenced everyday life.
A GAN-based genetic algorithm for solving the 3D bin packing problem
Authors: Zhang Boliang , Yao Yu , Kan H. K. , Luo Wuman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe 3D bin packing problem is a challenging combinatorial optimization problem with numerous real-world applications. In this paper, we present a novel approach for solving this problem by integrating a generative adversarial network (GAN) with a genetic algorithm (GA). Our proposed GAN-based GA utilizes the GAN to generate high-quality solutions and improve the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the GA. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm on a set of benchmark instances and compare it with two existing algorithms. The simulation studies demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms both existing algorithms in terms of the number of used bins while achieving comparable computation times. Our proposed algorithm also performs well in terms of solution quality and runtime on instances of different sizes and shapes. We conduct sensitivity analysis and parameter tuning simulations to determine the optimal values for the key parameters of the proposed algorithm. Our results indicate that the proposed algorithm is robust and effective in solving the 3D bin packing problem. The proposed GAN-based GA algorithm and its modifications can be applied to other optimization problems. Our research contributes to the development of efficient and effective algorithms for solving complex optimization problems, particularly in the context of logistics and manufacturing. In summary, the proposed algorithm represents a promising solution to the challenging 3D bin packing problem and has the potential to advance the state-of-the-art in combinatorial optimization.