bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive spatial multiplexing for time‐varying correlated MIMO channels
Authors: Zhou Yan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work presents an adaptive spatial multiplexing scheme for time‐varying correlated multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) channels. Unlike the conventional spatially uncorrelated block fading channel model, both temporal channel variation in each data block and spatial correlation are considered in the design. The proposed system continuously transmits packets with identical structure. Each packet consists of a training phase followed by a data transmission phase. The training signal is used to estimate instantaneous channel state at the receiver. In each symbol period of data transmission phase, the transmitter simultaneously transmits multiple data streams, which are decoded at the receiver based on the estimated channel state. The transmitter is assumed to know only the channel statistics, with which the power and rate for each data stream as well as the number of data streams are adjusted in each symbol period to achieve a target bit error rate (BER). The results reveal that the throughput‐maximising transmission strategy makes a judicious diversity‐multiplexing tradeoff by allocating power to an optimum number of data streams. Moreover, the packet length is also optimised based on the temporal channel variation rate. The simulation results demonstrate that the throughput can be significantly enhanced by the optimum packet length. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Statistical validation of endophenotypes using a surrogate endpoint analytic analogue
Authors: Huang Guan‐Hua , Hsieh Chin‐Chiang , Chen Chen‐Hsin , Chen Wei J. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEndophenotypes, which involve the same biological pathways as diseases but presumably are closer to the relevant gene actions than diagnostic phenotypes, have emerged as an important concept in the genetic studies of complex diseases. In this report, we develop a formal statistical methodology for validating endophenotypes. The proposed method was motivated by the conditioning strategy used for surrogate endpoints commonly seen in clinical research. We define an endophenotype to be “a trait for which a test of null hypothesis of no genetic heritability implies the corresponding null hypothesis based on the phenotype of interest”. An index, the proportion of heritability explained, is used as an operational criterion of validation. Statistical inferences on this index are also developed. Usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated through computer simulations and a study of assessing the Continuous Performance Test as an endophenotype of the schizophrenia spectrum. Genet. Epidemiol. 33:549–558, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Control of dermatology image integrity using reversible watermarking
Authors: Kallel Imen Fourati , Bouhlel Mohamed Salim , Lapayre Jean‐Christophe , Garcia Eric 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAs advanced melanoma remains practically incurable, early surgical excision is an important step toward a reduction in mortality. For that, the dermatologists always encouraged the detection of the nevus at an early stage. In recent years, a considerable interest has arisen in the development of noninvasive tools to improve early diagnosis, many new technical operation using a telecommunication network allow practitioners to perform in real time a relevant diagnosis. Because of the open environment of web‐based applications, their exploitation in medical field introduces many security concerns. In this article, we present DECOPREME (COllaborative PREcocious DEtection of Melanoma) a new project which allows practitioners to use telecommunication technologies to provide early diagnosis. We describe, after that, our proposed reversible watermarking method used for integrity verification, we also evaluate image visual quality after watermark embedding and the effectiveness of locating tampered regions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 19, 5–9, 2009
Iterative algorithm for optimal fiducials under weak perspective projection
Authors: Bruckstein Alfred M. , Holt Robert J. , Netravali Arun N. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn previous work, we designed space fiducials with the aim of making camera pose determination as noise‐insensitive as possible. These fiducials turned out to be sets of points that formed concentric regular polyhedra. Here, we apply an idea of Dementhon and Davis and test and analyze an iterative linear algorithm in conjunction with our optimal fiducials to increase the accuracy of the computed camera pose. We also analyze under what circumstances this iterative algorithm is guaranteed to converge to the correct solution. Comprehensive computer simulations illustrate the behavior of the algorithm and the degree of improvement in pose determination in case of convergence. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 19, 27–36, 2009
Conoscopic holograms analysis using variations of the Hough transform
Authors: Butime Julius , Corzo Luis Galo , Fontan Luis , García Íñigo Gutiérrez , Galarza Ainhoa , Sancho Iñaki 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe analysis of holograms obtained using a Conoscopic setup is a very complex subject, given their nature. Holograms contain the 3D depth information about an object whose surface is to be measured and later reconstructed. The recovery of depth information has so far been carried out using mathematical transforms in combination with linear regression techniques. Here the Hough transform, a useful Computer Vision technique for detecting features in images is adapted to the analysis of holograms in order to establish distance relationships for a given object. The captured images of holograms are pre‐processed and subsequently analyzed for characteristic patterns that are later used in finding the distance to an object. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 19, 10–13, 2009
Titanium induced production of chemokines CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC in human osteoclasts and osteoblasts
Authors: Cadosch Dieter , Gautschi Oliver P. , Chan Erwin , Simmen Hans‐Peter , Filgueira Luis 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThere is increasing evidence that titanium (Ti(IV)) ions are released from orthopedic implants and play a role in aseptic loosening. This study aimed to investigate whether titanium induces expression of chemokines and cytokines that are important in osteoclastogenesis in human osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Incubation of those cells with 1 μM Ti(IV) significantly upregulated expression of CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC, RANK‐L, M‐CSF and pro‐inflammatory cytokines as determined by quantitative real‐time PCR and ELISA assays. Additionally, flow cytometry was used to show Ti(IV) related increased expression of CCR4, the cognate receptor for CCL17 and CCL22 in challenged osteoclast precursors. These results strongly suggest that Ti(IV) ions play a role in the recruitment of osteoclast precursors to the bone‐implant interface by increasing CCL17 and CCL22 expression and by upregulating their cognate receptor. Moreover the increased expression of RANK‐L and M‐CSF by osteoblasts together with increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines may enhance osteoclast differentiation and activity, and subsequently contribute to the pathomechanism of aseptic loosening. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
The origin and assembly of a zona pellucida binding protein, IAM38, during spermiogenesis
Authors: Yu Yang , Vanhorne Judy , Oko Richard 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIAM38 is the most prominent protein of the inner acrosomal membrane extracellular coat (IAMC) of spermatozoa. It is retained by the inner acrosomal membrane after the acrosome reaction and is implicated in secondary sperm‐zona binding (Yu et al., Dev Biol2006;290:32–43). Its gene knockout, Zpbp1−/−, prevents acrosome compaction and leads to acrosome fragmentation and sterility in male mice (Lin et al., Mol Cell Biol2007;27:6794–6805). Because of this protein's important role in acrosomal formation and fertilization, the authors were interested in tracing its origin and expression during spermiogenesis. The authors reasoned that a detailed immunocytochemical investigation, utilizing anti‐IAM38 antibodies as probes at the ultrastructural level, could reveal the processes involved in assembly of the IAMC and the compaction of the acrosome. High level of the IAM38 transcript was already detectable at postnatal day 20, corresponding to the time in mouse testis development when round spermatids first appear and acrosomal formation is initiated. IAM38 protein was first seen during this time (Golgi phase of spermiogenesis) within the dense core of the proacrosomal granules (PG) of round spermatids. After PG fusion to form the acrosomic vesicle (AV) the immunoreactivity was concentrated in the centrally located acrosomic granule (AG) of the AV, until acrosomal‐nuclear docking occurred. Subsequently, in the cap phase, IAM38 migrated from the AG to the extracellular side of the acrosomal membrane, eventually disappearing altogether from the AG. During the elongation phase IAM38 labeling disappeared from the outer acrosomal membrane (OAM) in the apical and principal segments of the acrosome but remained lining the OAM in the equatorial segment (ES) as well as the entire IAM of the acrosome. Compaction of the ES in the maturation phase of spermiogenesis coincided with the IAM38‐labeled extracellular coat of the inner and outer acrosomal membranes coming together in close proximity of each other to form a “zipper‐like” structure found in the ES of mature spermatozoa. In summary, the results set a precedent, showing for the first time that glycoproteins, which originate in the acrosomic granule can be transferred to the acrosomal membrane during acrosome formation. Furthermore, the localization of IAM38 on the extracellular side of both the inner and outer acrosomal membrane during the cap phase of acrosomal development supports the role of this prominent protein in acrosomal compaction. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On bipartite graphs of diameter 3 and defect 2
Authors: Delorme Charles , Jørgensen Leif K. , Miller Mirka , Pineda‐Villavicencio Guillermo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe consider bipartite graphs of degree Δ≥2, diameter D=3, and defect 2 (having 2 vertices less than the bipartite Moore bound). Such graphs are called bipartite (Δ, 3, −2) ‐graphs. We prove the uniqueness of the known bipartite (3, 3, −2) ‐graph and bipartite (4, 3, −2)‐graph. We also prove several necessary conditions for the existence of bipartite (Δ, 3, −2) ‐graphs. The most general of these conditions is that either Δ or Δ−2 must be a perfect square. Furthermore, in some cases for which the condition holds, in particular, when Δ=6 and Δ=9, we prove the non‐existence of the corresponding bipartite (Δ, 3, −2)‐graphs, thus establishing that there are no bipartite (Δ, 3, −2)‐graphs, for 5≤Δ≤10. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 61: 271–288, 2009
Reactivity of 3‐cyano‐N‐ethoxycarbonyl‐iminocoumarin with hydrazides as N‐nucleophiles
Authors: Kammoun Myriam , Turki Hamida , Gharbi Rachid El , Fery‐Forgues Suzanne 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
magnified imageCondensation of 3‐cyano‐7‐diethylamino‐N‐ethoxycarbonyl‐iminocoumarin with various hydrazides as N‐nucleophiles gave a new series of 2‐oxo‐2H‐1‐benzopyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines bearing an acylhydrazino fragment in the 4‐position. The structures of the products obtained were characterized using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The optical properties were reported for three of these compounds. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
H‐Wave® induces arteriolar vasodilation in rat striated muscle via nitric oxide‐mediated mechanisms
Authors: Smith Thomas L. , Blum Kenneth , Callahan Michael F. , DiNubile Nicholas A. , Chen Thomas J.H. , Waite Roger L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractH‐Wave® electrical device stimulation (HWDS) is used clinically to expedite recovery from soft tissue injuries. We hypothesized that HWDS induces arteriolar dilation, a mechanism involved in the healing process. Acute effects of HWDS on striated muscle arteriolar diameters were studied. Arteriolar diameters were measured in the cremaster muscle of 57 male anesthetized rats using intravital microscopy before and after HWDS or sham stimulation (SS) at 1 or 2 Hz for periods of 30–60 min. In a separate cohort, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the response to HWDS was assessed by blocking NO synthase using topical L‐NAME at 10−5 M. Maximal arteriolar responses to stimulation were compared to prestimulation diameters. HWDS both at 1 and 2 Hz resulted in significant arteriolar vasodilation (p < 0.05). The arterioles in SS animals demonstrated no changes in diameter. Similarly, microvascular diameters did not change with HWDS following blockade of NO production. Because of Poiseuille's Law, the significant arteriolar dilation induced by HWDS would translate into increases in blood flow of 26–62%. In addition, lack of arteriolar dilation following HWDS with blockade of NO production suggests that NO plays a role in the microvascular response to HWDS. These studies suggest that arteriolar vasodilation accompanying HWDS may result in increased perfusion, contributing to the observed therapeutic effects of HWDS. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Glossopharyngeal schwannoma of the suprahyoid carotid space: Case report and discussion of the relationship to the carotid artery
Authors: Nagamine Wayde H. , Conneely Mark F. , Petruzzelli Guy J. , Hacein‐Bey Lotfi 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBackground:The distinction between lesions of the deep parotid space and those of the carotid space has been greatly facilitated by cross‐sectional imaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to 1) good assessment of parapharyngeal fat displacement, and 2) reliable and consistent identification of the carotid artery. While masticator space masses consistently displace the carotid artery posteriorly, it is generally assumed that carotid space masses, particularly schwannomas, displace the carotid artery anteriorly. We report on a patient with a rare glossopharyngeal schwannoma of the carotid space that caused posterior displacement of the carotid artery.Methods:A 38‐year‐old female presented with headaches and a pharyngeal sensation of a foreign body without dysgeusia and dysphagia. Computed tomography (CT) and MRI showed a left carotid space mass, suggestive of a schwannoma, although the internal carotid artery was displaced posteriorly. The mass was hypovascular at angiography. The patient underwent surgical excision of her lesion via a left cervical‐parotid approach.Results:In our patient with a carotid space mass, all imaging features suggested a schwannoma, except for posterior displacement of the carotid artery. A glossopharyngeal nerve schwannoma was found at surgery. Schwannomas of the glossopharyngeal nerve are uncommon, and those originating from the extracranial course of the nerve are extremely rare.Conclusions:Schwannomas of the suprahyoid carotid space most commonly arise from the vagus nerve and have a typical pattern, which includes anterior displacement of the carotid artery. A rare exception to this has been reported in schwannomas of the sympathetic nerve, which may displace the carotid artery posteromedially. Our patient had a schwannoma of the extracranial glossopharyngeal nerve, which caused posterolateral carotid displacement. Laryngoscope, 2009
Characterization of laryngeal dysfunction in chronic persistent cough
Authors: Ryan Nicole M. , Gibson Peter G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Laryngeal symptoms are increasingly recognized to occur in chronic persistent cough and may result from the sensory hyperresponsiveness that characterizes this condition. Apart from cough, the motor consequences of sensory activation have not been well described in chronic persistent cough. The efficacy of speech pathology treatment for chronic cough suggests that laryngeal dysfunction may be relevant in chronic persistent cough. This study investigated the relationship between cough reflex sensitivity and laryngeal dysfunction, which was assessed as paradoxical vocal cord movement (PVCM) and extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness, in patients with chronic cough.Study Design:Cross‐sectional case‐control comparison of subjects with chronic cough and healthy controls.Methods:Adults with chronic persistent cough (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 11) were assessed by cough‐specific quality of life questionnaire, extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness to hypertonic saline provocation, capsaicin cough reflex hypersensitivity, and fibreoptic laryngoscopy to assess PVCM.Results:Laryngeal dysfunction was present in many patients with chronic persistent cough. PVCM was present in 56% of subjects with chronic cough and accompanied by cough reflex hypersensitivity and impaired quality of life. Inspiratory airflows were reduced in cough with PVCM, and there was significant extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness.Conclusions:Laryngeal dysfunction is common in chronic cough, where it is manifest as paradoxical vocal cord movement and extrathoracic airway hyperresponsiveness. Laryngeal dysfunction in chronic cough is associated with reduced quality of life. Laryngeal hypersensitivity may be a common mechanism that can be effectively treated by speech language therapy. Laryngoscope, 2009
Ruminant and industrial trans fatty acids: Consumption data and health aspects. Is there a difference?
Authors: Grooten Henriëtte , Oomen Claudia 
Published: February 2009

AbstractConsumption of trans fatty acids (TFA) has been associated with a higher risk of coronary heart diseases. In our daily food pattern two different sources of TFA can be distinguished: ruminant TFA and industrial TFA. Controversy exists between the health effects of both sources. Now, new findings are available in which both TFA sources are investigated in intervention studies. Also, an epidemiological study is published in which a wide intake of ruminant TFA is investigated. These data suggest that there is no nutritional difference between the sources. However, total TFA intake in most European countries is nowadays already reduced to recommendation levels, so that the risk of coronary heart diseases is not increased anymore. Focus should be addressed to other issues like reduction of saturated fatty acids.
Biomarkers of long‐chain PUFA omega‐3 fatty acids and the human nutritional status
Authors: Berra Bruno , Montorfano Gigliola , Negroni Manuela , Corsetto Paola , Rizzo Angela Maria 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe association of dietary fats with disease risk or outcome can be determined from epidemiological studies and/or from food frequency questionnaires; a better assessment of the dietary intake of the long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids omega‐3 is obtained by the fatty acid composition of the platelets or of erythrocyte membranes yet these procedures are lengthy. Other investigators have used adipose tissue obtained by percutaneous biopsy, but it must be pointed out that this procedure is not only invasive but time‐consuming as well. Also, it has to be noted that the turnover time for fatty acids has been estimated to be 1–3 years.
What moderates the too‐much‐choice effect?
Authors: Scheibehenne Benjamin , Greifeneder Rainer , Todd Peter M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCore theories in economics, psychology, and marketing suggest that decision makers benefit from having more choice. In contrast, according to the too‐much‐choice effect, having too many options to choose from may ultimately decrease the motivation to choose and the satisfaction with the chosen option. To reconcile these two positions, we tested whether there are specific conditions in which the too‐much‐choice effect is more or less likely to occur. In three studies with a total of 598 participants, we systematically investigated the moderating impact of choice set sizes, option attractiveness, and whether participants had to justify their choices. We also tested the moderating role of search behavior, domain‐specific expertise, and participants' tendency to maximize, in a within‐subject design. Overall, only choice justification proved to be an effective moderator, calling the extent of the too‐much‐choice effect into question. We provide a theoretical account for our findings and discuss possible pathways for future research. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Testing the tyranny of too much choice against the allure of more choice
Authors: White Chris M. , Hoffrage Ulrich 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWhen choosing among several options, people often defer choice. Previous research found that choice deferral can increase and/or decrease as the number of available options increases. To understand these contradictory findings, the assumption was made that people may defer choice for either of two reasons. The number of deferrals made in a controlled laboratory experiment that were inferred to be due to no options being good enough, decreased as the number of options increased. In contrast, the number of deferrals inferred to be due to there being uncertainty regarding which option was the best, increased. Observing these two effects simultaneously helps to explain the inconsistent results observed in previous research. It is also shown that these assumptions can account for the various relationships previously observed between the size of the choice set and the probability of choice deferral. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Leaving the store empty‐handed: Testing explanations for the too‐much‐choice effect using decision field theory
Authors: Jessup Ryan K. , Veinott Elizabeth S. , Todd Peter M. , Busemeyer Jerome R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEconomic theories of choice suggest that more options are better, and people should prefer choosing from among more options to find their most valued alternative. But in an intriguing counter‐example, Iyengar and Lepper (2000) observed that while people were attracted to more options while shopping, the larger set size increased the likelihood that they would leave the store empty‐handed. Surprisingly, this too‐much‐choice effect has not been consistently observed in situations where it would be expected (e.g., Chernev, 2003; Scheibehenne, 2008). This paper describes boundary conditions for the too‐much‐choice effect that were determined by evaluating three different psychological explanations within a unified theoretical framework, decision field theory (Busemeyer & Townsend, 1993). The effect of environmental structure on choice was also tested by varying the distribution of quality in the option sets between low variance (roughly uniform) and high variance (exponential distribution). Based on these simulations, two explanations were identified that differentially predicted the too‐much‐choice effect: avoiding choice when the most preferred option changes too often, or when time runs out. Moreover, the magnitude of the too‐much‐choice effect depended on the distribution of option quality. These mechanism environment structure combinations can help explain why the too‐much‐choice effect is observed some—but not all—of the time. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endogenous timing in a mixed duopoly: price competition with managerial delegation
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiko , Inoue Tomohiro 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe introduce a managerial delegation contract into the mixed duopoly model and examine its influence on price setting in a mixed duopoly in the context of the endogenous‐timing problem. We obtain the result that owners of a public and a private firm prefer to delay the setting of the prices of their products as much as possible. Thus, in equilibrium, the firms choose their prices simultaneously in the latter stage of the game. This is in contrast to the findings of the entrepreneurial case, according to which firms choose prices simultaneously in the former stage. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.