bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative evaluation of the proximal contact area gap change characterization under intercuspal occlusion by intraoral 3D scanning: Food impaction with tight proximal contact
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Chen Hu , Tian Sukun , Sun Yuchun , Wu Feng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to present three indicators that represent the proximal contact area gap change under intercuspal occlusion and to see if and how these indicators influence food impaction with tight proximal contact.Materials and MethodsNinety volunteers were recruited for bite force measurement and intraoral scanning. Three‐dimensional surface data and buccal bite data were obtained for 60 impacted and 60 non‐impacted teeth. The scanning data were imported into the Geomagic Studio 2013 to measure three indicators, which included the gap change maximum (Δdm, μm), the buccolingual position of Δdm (P), and the gap expanded buccolingual range (S, mm). The difference between two groups of three indicators and their relationship with food impaction with tight proximal contact were analyzed by the t test, the Pearson chi‐squared test, the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test, and the binary logistic regression analysis (a = 0.05).ResultsAll indicators (Δdm, P, and S) were statistically different (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p < 0.001) in the impacted and non‐impacted groups. Food impaction with tight proximal contact was affected by Δdm and S (p < 0.001, p = 0.039), but not by P (p = 0.409).ConclusionThe excessive increase of the gap change maximum and the gap expanded buccolingual range under bite force promoted the occurrence of food impaction with tight proximal contact.Clinical SignificanceThe use of intraoral scanning to measure the characteristics of the proximal contact area gap change under bite force may help to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of food impaction with tight proximal contact. Importantly it can provide a reference basis for individualizing and quantifying occlusal adjustment treatment.
Effects of an individualized nutritional educational program in pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial in Japan
Authors: Fujimoto Hisae , Iida Mariko , Takeuchi Shoko , Shinohara Eriko , Kubota Kazumi , Nakamura Sachiyo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized nutritional education program in promoting adequate nutrient intake in pregnant women.MethodsA stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were stratified by factors affecting the primary outcome and randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Intervention group participants received an individualized 30‐min booklet‐based education program in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters; the control group received usual care. The primary outcome was protein intake after the intervention, which was compared between the intervention and control groups. Secondary outcomes included comparing the amount of increase of protein before and after the intervention. Nutrient intake was measured using a self‐administered short dietary history questionnaire, and analyses of covariance and t tests were performed.ResultsOf the 130 participants, 66 were assigned to the intervention group and 64 to the control group. There was no difference in protein intake between the two groups after the intervention (p = .051, 95% CI [−0.021, 12.4]). Comparing the increase in protein intake before and after intervention, the intervention group was 7.4 g/day higher than that of the control group (p = .040; F = 4.31; effect size = 0.36).ConclusionsThe primary outcome, a comparison of protein intake between the groups after the program, revealed no significant differences. However, on comparing the amount of protein increase before and after the intervention, the intervention group's increase was significantly higher than that of the control group. Results indicate the potential for individualized face‐to‐face interventions for pregnant women in Japan.
Therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms after treatment for ovarian cancer: A retrospective single‐center case series
Authors: Matsuoka Ayumu , Tate Shinichi , Nishikimi Kyoko , Otsuka Satoyo , Usui Hirokazu , Tajima Shinya , Habu Yuji , Nakamura Natsuko , Okuya Rie , Katayama Eri , Shozu Makio , Inaba Yosuke , Koga Kaori 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTherapy‐related myeloid neoplasms (t‐MNs) are often fatal and arise as late complications of previous anticancer drug treatment. No single‐center case series has examined t‐MNs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsAll patients with EOC treated at Chiba University Hospital between 2000 and 2021 were included. We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics, clinical course, and outcomes of patients who developed t‐MNs.ResultsAmong 895 cases with EOC, 814 cases were treated with anticancer drugs. The median follow‐up period was 45 months (interquartile range, 27–81) months. Ten patients (1.2%) developed t‐MNs (FIGO IIIA in one case, IIIC in three, IVA in one, and IVB in five). Nine patients were diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome and one with acute leukemia. One patient with myelodysplastic syndrome developed acute leukemia. The median time from the first chemotherapy administration to t‐MN onset was 42 months (range, 21–94 months), with t‐MN diagnoses resulting from pancytopenia in four cases, thrombocytopenia in three, and blast or abnormal cell morphology in four. The median number of previous treatment regimens was four (range, 1–7). Paclitaxel + carboplatin therapy was administered to all patients, gemcitabine and irinotecan combination therapy to nine, bevacizumab to eight, and olaparib to four. Six patients received chemotherapy for t‐MN. All patients died (eight cancer‐related deaths and two t‐MN‐related deaths). None of the patients was able to restart cancer treatment. The median survival time from t‐MN onset was 4 months.ConclusionsPatients with EOC who developed t‐MN were unable to restart cancer treatment and had a significantly worse prognosis.
Metabolic activity of Planktothrix rubescens and its consequences on oxygen dynamics in laboratory experiment: A stable isotope study
Authors: Dordoni Marlene , Tittel Jörg , Rosenlöcher Yvonne , Rinke Karsten , Barth Johannes A. C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFluctuations in dissolved oxygen (DO) contents in natural waters can become intense during cyanobacteria blooms. In a reconnaissance study, we investigated DO concentrations and stable isotope dynamics during a laboratory experiment with the cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens in order to obtain insights into primary production under specific conditions. This observation was extended to sub‐daily timescales with alternating light and dark phases. Dissolved oxygen concentrations and its isotopes (δ18ODO) ranged from 0.02 to 0.06 mmol · L−1 and from +9.6‰ to +23.4‰. The δ18ODO proved to be more sensitive than concentration measurements in response to metabolic variation and registered earlier shifts to dominance by respiration. Oxygen (O2) contents in the headspace and its isotopes (δ18OO2) ranged from 2.62 to 3.20 mmol · L−1 and from +9.8‰ to +21.9‰. Headspace samples showed less fluctuations in concentration and isotope trends because aquatic processes were hardly able to alter signals once the gas had reached the headspace. Headspace δ18OO2 values were corrected for gas–water equilibration and were determined to be higher than the mean δ18OH2O of −8.7‰. This finding suggests that counteracting respiration was important even during the highest photosynthetic activity. Additionally, headspace analyses led to the definition of a fractionation factor for respiration (αR) of this cyanobacterium with a value of 0.980. This value confirms the one commonly used for cyanobacteria. Our findings may become important for the management of water bodies where decreases in DO are caused by cyanobacteria.
Sleep studies in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea: Pulse oximetry as a diagnostic tool
Authors: Gowai Hani , Ugonna Kelechi 
Published: April 2024

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea is associated with many co‐morbidities in children and young people. Obesity has long been recognised as an important risk factor associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Currently, polysomnography is regarded as the gold‐standard diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea. The validity of oximetry as a screening and diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea has been the subject of several studies in the literature. There is little published evidence on the use of oximetry in children with obesity. This study assesses whether oximetry is a reliable diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea in obese children. We reviewed the medical records of obese children with a suspected diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea who underwent oximetry and cardiorespiratory polygraphy or full polysomnography at Sheffield Children's Hospital between January 2010 and March 2022. We compared oximetry results with the apnea–hypopnea index from cardiorespiratory polygraphy or full polysomnography for each patient. A total of 60 patient records were included in the analysis. The sensitivity of oximetry in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea was 70.9%, with a specificity of 65.5% and a positive predictive value of 68.75%. In the subgroup of subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea (apnea–hypopnea index > 10), oximetry had a sensitivity of 87.5%. We concluded that oximetry could be a helpful initial diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea in obese children, but is not entirely reliable. A negative oximetry result in a symptomatic individual should prompt a referral for more detailed investigations, while a positive result can help in treatment decisions without needing a polysomnography.
Individualised prediction of resilience and vulnerability to sleep loss using EEG features
Authors: Subramaniyan Manivannan , Hughes John D. , Doty Tracy J. , Killgore William D. S. , Reifman Jaques 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIt is well established that individuals differ in their response to sleep loss. However, existing methods to predict an individual's sleep‐loss phenotype are not scalable or involve effort‐dependent neurobehavioural tests. To overcome these limitations, we sought to predict an individual's level of resilience or vulnerability to sleep loss using electroencephalographic (EEG) features obtained from routine night sleep. To this end, we retrospectively analysed five studies in which 96 healthy young adults (41 women) completed a laboratory baseline‐sleep phase followed by a sleep‐loss challenge. After classifying subjects into sleep‐loss phenotypic groups, we extracted two EEG features from the first sleep cycle (median duration: 1.6 h), slow‐wave activity (SWA) power and SWA rise rate, from four channels during the baseline nights. Using these data, we developed two sets of logistic regression classifiers (resilient versus not‐resilient and vulnerable versus not‐vulnerable) to predict the probability of sleep‐loss resilience or vulnerability, respectively, and evaluated model performance using test datasets not used in model development. Consistently, the most predictive features came from the left cerebral hemisphere. For the resilient versus not‐resilient classifiers, we obtained an average testing performance of 0.68 for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.72 for accuracy, 0.50 for sensitivity, 0.84 for specificity, 0.61 for positive predictive value, and 3.59 for likelihood ratio. We obtained similar performance for the vulnerable versus not‐vulnerable classifiers. These results indicate that logistic regression classifiers based on SWA power and SWA rise rate from routine night sleep can largely predict an individual's sleep‐loss phenotype.
IDDSI‐compliant recipes containing oral contrast agents for radiological dysphagia diagnostics
Authors: Ihrke M. , Beck A. , Mürbe D. , Voß L. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVideofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), alongside flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, represents the gold standard for diagnosing swallowing disorders and to determine severity, pathophysiology, and effective interventions, including texture modification. The clinical swallowing examination and assessment supplements these instrumental methods and serves as the basis for the modules of swallowing diagnostics. The adaptation of food and drink consistencies in dysphagia management has become widespread. For valid results of a VFSS with respect to confirming swallowing safety and efficiency of different liquid and food consistencies and textures, the use of uniform recipes containing radio‐opaque contrast media is important. Our goal was to identify recipes that would produce consistencies that conform to the liquid and food levels of 0–7, as defined by the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), with barium‐ and iodine‐based contrast media, xanthan gum‐based thickeners, and other edible components, which also show sufficient contrast on VFSS. In this study, we determined the different recipes using IDDSI testing methods and explored their radiological characteristics using a Philips MultiDiagnost Eleva fluoroscopy system and two different fluid contrast agents: barium‐ (Micropaque®) and iodine‐based (Telebrix®). All recipes showed sufficient contrast on fluoroscopy and could be visualized in the amounts used for swallowing examinations. They were practical and easy to implement in terms of production and availability of the components. The homogeneity of the recipes diminished with higher IDDSI levels, which represent transitional food, but appeared still sufficient for fluoroscopic examination. The opacity did not significantly differ between the barium‐ and iodine‐based contrast media.
Predominant CD8+ cell infiltration and low accumulation of regulatory T cells in immune checkpoint inhibitor‐induced tubulointerstitial nephritis
Authors: Tominaga Kenta , Toda Etsuko , Takeuchi Kazuhiro , Takakuma Shoichiro , Sakamoto Emi , Kuno Hideaki , Kajimoto Yusuke , Terasaki Yasuhiro , Kunugi Shinobu , Mii Akiko , Sakai Yukinao , Terasaki Mika , Shimizu Akira 
Published: April 2024

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can provide survival benefits to cancer patients; however, they sometimes result in the development of renal immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is the most representative pathological feature of renal irAEs. However, the clinicopathological entity and underlying pathogenesis of ICI‐induced TIN are unclear. Therefore, we compared the clinical and histological features of this condition with those of non‐ICI drug‐induced TIN. Age and C‐reactive protein levels were significantly higher in ICI‐induced TIN, but there were no significant differences in renal function. Immunophenotyping of ICI‐induced TIN showed massive T cell and macrophage infiltration with fewer B cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Compared with those in non‐ICI drug‐induced TIN, CD4+ cell numbers were significantly lower in ICI‐induced TIN but CD8+ cell numbers were not significantly different. However, CD8/CD3 and CD8/CD4 ratios were higher in ICI‐induced TIN. Moreover, CD25+ and FOXP3+ cells, namely regulatory T cells, were less abundant in ICI‐induced TIN. In conclusion, T cell, B cell, plasma cell, neutrophil, and eosinophil numbers proved useful for differentiating ICI‐induced and non‐ICI drug‐induced TIN. Furthermore, the predominant distribution of CD8+ cells and low accumulation of regulatory T cells might be associated with ICI‐induced TIN development.
Noninvasive evaluation of the skin barrier in reconstructed human epidermis using speckle analysis: Correlation with Raman microspectroscopy
Authors: Habib Léa , Nassif Léa Abi , Abboud Marie , Michael‐Jubeli Rime , Tfayli Ali , Lteif Roger 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundReconstructed epidermis models, obtained from 3D keratinocytes culture, have gained significant prominence as prototypes for safety and efficacy testing in skin research. To effectively evaluate these models, it is essential to perform molecular and functional characterization. The skin's barrier function is one of the essential aspects of the epidermis that needs to be assessed. A noninvasive method is thus required for the evaluation of the skin barrier in these models. With this perspective, the aim of this feasibility study is to apply the speckle technique for the assessment of the skin barrier in the Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE).Materials and methodsSpeckle analysis as well as Raman microspectroscopy were performed on RHE samples at two maturation days, D17 and D20.ResultsBetween D17 and D20, our study showed an increase in various Raman parameters, including stratum corneum percentage, lateral lipid packing, lipid‐to‐protein ratio, and protein secondary structure. Furthermore, the degree of light polarization and the speckle grain size also increased over this period.ConclusionThe speckle technique proved to be effective for evaluating the skin barrier in Reconstructed Human Epidermis (RHE) models. Comparison with Raman validates this approach and provides comprehensive molecular and functional characterization of reconstructive skin models.
A reasoning method for rice fertilization strategy based on spatiotemporal knowledge graph
Authors: Lin Yiting , Li Daichao , Peng Peng , Liang Jianqin , Ding Fei , Jin Xinlei , Zeng Zhan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe lack of multidimensional knowledge means that current reasoning methods for rice fertilization cannot make decisions accurate when faced with complex spatiotemporal conditions in general. Therefore, we propose a reasoning method for rice fertilization strategy based on spatiotemporal knowledge graph. First, we systematically organize multisource expert knowledge about rice fertilization, and construct an ontology for rice fertilization consisting of five core elements: rice variety, planting environment, nutrition diagnosis, fertilization schemes, and time and place. Spatiotemporal differences in rice fertilization knowledge are expressed by assessing spatiotemporal concepts, relations, and state instances. Second, we propose a reasoning method for rice fertilization strategy based on the constructed knowledge graph. This method leverages a certainty factor model for nutrition diagnosis and integrates case‐based and rule‐based reasoning to determine fertilization schemes for different stages. Finally, taking Pucheng County, China, as an example, knowledge from crowd‐sensing data is obtained to construct a knowledge graph using the proposed method. The results demonstrate the method can support the expression and complex reasoning of rice fertilization decisions under different spatiotemporal conditions.
Estimating the serological underrecognition of patients with weak or partial RHD variants
Authors: Ramsey Glenn , Barriteau Christina M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor patients with weak or discrepant RhD RBC phenotypes, RHD genotyping is employed to determine need for RhD‐negative management. However, many RHD variants are type D‐negative or D‐positive. Serological recognition rates (RRs) of weak and partial RHD variants are poorly characterized.Study Design and MethodsFour US studies employing RHD genotyping for weak or discrepant RhD phenotypes provided data for race/ethnicity‐specific serological recognition. Three studies used microplate, and 1 used gel and tube; 2 had anti‐D data. We obtained White and Hispanic/Latino allele frequencies (AFs) of weak D types 1, 2, and 3 single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD, v4.0.0) and devised Hardy–Weinberg‐based formulas to correct for gnomAD's overcount of hemizygous RHD SNVs as homozygous. We compiled common partial RHD AF from genotyped cohorts of US Black or sickle cell disease subjects. From variant AF, we calculated hemizygous‐plus‐homozygous genetic prevalences. Serological prevalence: genetic prevalence ratios yielded serological RRs.ResultsOverall RRs of weak D types 1–3 were 17% (95% confidence interval 12%–24%) in Whites and 12% (5%–27%) in Hispanics/Latinos. For eight partial RHD variants in Blacks, overall RR was 11% (8%–14%). However, DAR RR was 80% (38%–156%). Compared to microplate, gel–tube recognition was higher for type 2 and DAU5 and lower for type 4.0. Anti‐D was present in 6% of recognized partial RHD cases, but only in 0.7% of estimated total genetic cases.DiscussionBased on AF, >80% of patients with weak or partial RHD variants were unrecognized serologically. Although overall anti‐D rates were low, better detection of partial RHD variants is desirable.
Error Budget of Wafer Bonding Alignment System Based on Vision
Authors: Wang Rui , Lu Sen , Yang Kaiming , Zhu Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Accurate wafer alignment is the key to achieving wafer bonding accuracy. High-precision wafer alignment systems typically use vision to locate the aligned Mark on two wafers, and use complex mechanisms to perform multiple composite movements to achieve functionality, making the coupling effect of multiple types of errors more complex and challenging the error budget of wafer alignment systems. This paper proposes an error budgeting method for such vision based multibody precision systems. This method takes the homogeneous transformation matrix (HTM) method as the core to model the system error and establish two types of error transfer chains. For the error chain involving visual measurement, an analysis method based on geometrical optics is proposed to consider the influence of the position and orientation errors of the optical path components. Then organize the possible error sources in the system and model the parameters of each error based on actual test results. Combined with the process flow, customize the error model for each link. Finally, perform Monte Carlo simulation. Using the aforementioned method to budget errors for a certain configuration of wafer alignment system, main error sources were identified, and accuracy indicators were proposed based on the alignment accuracy requirements of ± 200 nm. The rationality of the error budget conclusion in this study has been verified through experiments on the construction machine.
Optimization of Discrete Film Hole Arrangement on a Turbine Endwall With Middle Passage Gap
Authors: Zhang Weixin , Liu Zhao , Song Yu , Lu Yixuan , Feng Zhenping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
For the design of modern gas turbine, cooling sources such as middle passage gap leakage flow, upstream slot leakage flow, and discrete film holes are designed to protect the blade. This research included middle passage gap leakage flow and two shapes of film holes (cylindrical holes and fan-shaped holes). First, experiment was carried out to verify the turbulence model at an inlet mainstream Reynolds number of 340,000, blowing ratio (M) of 1.0, and middle passage gap leakage mass flow ratio of 0.5%. Then, the circumferential positions of the endwall discrete film holes were optimized, and 100 samples were generated through Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method, among which 80 samples were selected as the training data and 20 samples were selected as the verification set of radial basis function (RBF) neural network. Then particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was adopted for the optimization. Finally, the flow structure, adiabatic film cooling effectiveness, and aerodynamic losses of four surrogate models were analyzed to achieve the most effective film hole arrangement on endwall. The results draw a conclusion that compared with the baseline and the best sample model, the area-averaged film cooling effectiveness of the endwall for most effective case increased by 188% and 9.6%, respectively. The area-averaged aerodynamic loss along the blade height at the endwall outlet decreased by 1.7% and 0.96%. Finally, the staggered arrangement of film holes shows the best film cooling performance.