bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Management of Neutropenic Sepsis Is Key to Better Survival of Patients With Blood Cancer in Sri Lanka: Real-World Data From the Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Hewamana Saman , Skandarajah Thurairajah , Jayasinghe Chathuri , Deshapriya Samadhi , Gayashan Dilip , Peiris Natasha , Harischandra Mahesh , Gunasena Prasanna , Somasundaram Gnani , Srinivasan Vadivelu , Somiah Surjit , Wickramarathna Chandana , Hewawasam Sangeetha , Balawardena Jayantha , Arseculeratne Gehan , Wadanamby Rohini , Galagoda Geethani , Wijesiriwardana Bandula 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE Sepsis is the main cause of nonrelapse mortality, and there are no published data on applicability of supportive care protocols from high-income countries such as Sri Lanka. The aim of the study was to investigate management and mortality of neutropenic episodes among Hemato-Oncology patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, management, morbidity, and mortality of neutropenic Hemato-Oncology patients presented to the Lanka Hospital Blood Cancer Centre from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 was performed. RESULTS A total of 169 neutropenic episodes were identified; 115 (68%) of such episodes were related to chemotherapy. Acute leukemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, and plasma cell disorders accounted for 23%, 69%, and 8% of patients, respectively. The median age of patients who had sepsis was 56 years, whereas that of those who had no sepsis was 53 years ( P = .49). The median time to neutropenia was 9 days for those in the sepsis group compared with 8 days in the group that had no sepsis (0.64). The median neutrophil count in the group that had sepsis was 0.06, whereas it was 0.69 in the group that had no sepsis ( P ≤ .05). The median time to commencement of antibiotics was 20 minutes. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the only documented study related to outcome and successful applicability of western supportive care protocols to Sri Lankan patients with neutropenia. In this study, we have shown that neutropenic sepsis can be successfully managed in the setting of limited resources with service development, following guidelines and staff training.
Biomarker Inference and the Timing of Next-Generation Sequencing in a Multi-Institutional, Cross-Cancer Clinicogenomic Data Set
Authors: Kehl Kenneth L. , Lavery Jessica A. , Brown Samantha , Fuchs Hannah , Riely Gregory , Schrag Deborah , Newcomb Ashley , Nichols Chelsea , Micheel Christine M. , Bedard Philippe L. , Sweeney Shawn M. , Fiandalo Michael , Panageas Katherine S. ,   on behalf of the AACR Project GENIE BPC Core Team
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE Observational clinicogenomic data sets, consisting of tumor next-generation sequencing (NGS) data linked to clinical records, are commonly used for cancer research. However, in real-world practice, oncologists frequently request NGS in search of treatment options for progressive cancer. The extent and impact of this dynamic on analysis of clinicogenomic research data are not well understood. METHODS We analyzed clinicogenomic data for patients with non–small cell lung, colorectal, breast, prostate, pancreatic, or urothelial cancers in the American Association for Cancer Research Biopharmaceutical Consortium cohort. Associations between baseline and time-varying clinical characteristics and time from diagnosis to NGS were measured. To explore the impact of informative cohort entry on biomarker inference, statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to overall survival were calculated. RESULTS Among 7,182 patients, time from diagnosis to NGS varied significantly by clinical factors, including cancer type, calendar year of sequencing, institution, and age and stage at diagnosis. NGS rates also varied significantly by dynamic clinical status variables; in an adjusted model, compared with patients with stable disease at any given time after diagnosis, patients with progressive disease by imaging or oncologist assessment had higher NGS rates (hazard ratio for NGS, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.45 to 1.78] and 2.32 [95% CI, 2.01 to 2.67], respectively). Statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to survival, potentially indicating biased biomarker inference results, were explored. CONCLUSION To evaluate the appropriateness of a data set for a particular research question, it is crucial to measure associations between dynamic cancer status and the timing of NGS, as well as to evaluate interactions involving biomarkers of interest and NGS timing with respect to survival outcomes.
Family Recall of and Response to Germline Pathologic Variants Found on Paired Tumor-Germline Sequencing in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Jacobs Michelle F. , Goldman Joshua W. , Austin Sarah , Koeppe Erika S. , Murad Andrea M. , Koschmann Carl J. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Mody Rajen J. 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE Paired tumor-germline sequencing can identify somatic variants for targeted therapy and germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) causative of hereditary cancer/tumor predisposition syndromes. It is unknown how patients/families in pediatric oncology use information about an identified GPV. We assessed recall of germline results and actions taken on the basis of findings. METHODS We completed phone surveys with patients (and/or their parent) with GPVs identified via a single academic medical center's paired tumor-germline sequencing study. Seven hundred forty pediatric (aged 0-25 years) oncology patients were enrolled in this sequencing study between May 2012 and August 2021. Ninety-six participants (13.0%) had at least one GPV identified and were therefore eligible for this survey. The parent/guardian (for patients younger than 18 years or deceased patients) or patients themselves (if 18 years or older) were contacted. Survey topics included germline result recall, experience with genetic counseling, changes to patient's cancer treatment/screening, sharing of results with family members, and lifestyle changes. RESULTS Fifty-three surveys (response rate, 55.2%) were completed between October 2021 and June 2022. Thirty-seven (69.8%) respondents correctly recalled the identified GPV. Discussing results with a genetic counselor ( P = .0001), having a GPV related to the cancer/tumor diagnosis ( P = .002), and non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity ( P = .02) were associated with accurate recall. Twenty-five respondents (47.2%) reported a change in the child's cancer treatment and/or screening recommendations, 17 respondents (32.1%) made a lifestyle change on the basis of the results, and 44 respondents (83.0%) shared results with at least one family member. CONCLUSION While most respondents remembered that a GPV was identified in the patient, some did not recall having a GPV found, and others recalled germline findings incorrectly. Future work may determine patient/family preferences for timing/method of result return to optimize patient recall and use of germline results.
Asociación entre la depresión y variables sociodemográficas en el adulto mayor en el Perú
Authors: Solano Dávila Olga Lidia , Bartolo Gotarate Félix , Montes Quintana Grabiela , Pillhuaman Caña Nelly , Ramón Quispe Gregoria , Condado Jauregui Jorge , Vega Calero Lucy , Bolaños Solano Olga 
Published: March 2024

Introducción: en el vigente artículo se analizan la depresión, variables sociodemográficas y su asociación entre ellas en adultos mayores en el Perú. Materiales y métodos: se usó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional a una muestra de 5247 adultos mayores. Se empleó los datos generados por la “Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud” (ENDES) del año 2019 , utilizando el instrumento de investigación: Patient Healtth Questionnarie (PHQ) de nueve preguntas y las variables sociodemográficas, incluidos en los cuestionarios de salud, características del hogar y la vivienda, de la ENDES 2019. Para el estudio estadístico se usó el modelo de regresión logística múltiple, para establecer si existía asociación entre depresión y variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: Los resultados señalan que el 36.7 por ciento de las personas de 60 años a más presenta un nivel de depresión de leve a grave. Asimismo, se encontró que la depresión y las variables sociodemográficas (consumo problemático de alcohol, nivel de instrucción, discapacidad, diabetes, índice de riqueza, sexo y grupo etario) están relacionadas; sin embargo, no están relacionadas con las variables hábito de fumar, presión arterial, obesidad, tener pareja y lugar de residencia.
Conclusiones: la depresión está relacionado con algunas variables sociodemográficas consideradas en este estudio.
El armado desarmado: el armadillo de nueve bandas
Authors: Briceño-Mendez Marcos , Montiel Salvador , Gómez-Velasco Anaximandro 
Published: March 2024

En la Península de Yucatán, el armadillo de nueve bandas, así como otros mamíferos, son consumidos por la población local como un medio de subsistencia. Sin embargo, existe evidencia de que el consumo de armadillo de nueve bandas aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar la infección de lepra ocasionada por la bacteria Mycobacterium leprae.
Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption: a familial clinical case and review
Authors: McIlvanna Emily 
Published: March 2024

Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PEIR) is a rare condition usually detected incidentally on radiographs. The radiographic appearance resembles dental caries; however, the aetiology is not fully understood. The prognosis of affected teeth is highly variable, and management may involve input from multiple specialties. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The present report describes the clinical management of PEIR-affected molars in two family members and discusses the alternatives for treatment.
A novel pre-formed distal shoe eruption guidance appliance in chairside management of early loss of primary second molar: a case report
Authors: Bansal Barkha , Dave Bhavna , Kariya Pratik , Antala Aishwarya 
Published: March 2024

Preservation of the primary teeth until exfoliation is one of the most important aspects of preventive and interceptive dentistry. Premature loss of the second primary molar before the eruption of the permanent first molar may lead to space loss that results in tooth size/arch length discrepancy. Early loss of a second primary molar is a challenge to paediatric dentists if the first permanent molar has not erupted. A space maintainer of the intra-alveolar type assists in controlling the eruption of the permanent first molar in these circumstances. This report describes the case of space maintenance in a 3-year-old girl for whom the primary second molar was extracted owing to a poor prognosis. A pre-formed intra-alveolar space maintainer, which in this case was a Roche's distal shoe type, was given and followed up for 12 months. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This pre-formed distal shoe space maintainer gives the advantage of reduced chairside time, more stability and strength, and is better accepted by the child.
Multi-center experience with outpatient total hip arthroplasty via a standard posterolateral approach
Authors: Smith Thomas D. , Wilson Ian R. , Burnell Colin , Vernon James , Hedden David R. , Turgeon Thomas R. 
Published: March 2024

Background
This study sought to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and resource utilization of a pilot outpatient surgery program for total hip arthroplasty compared to traditional inpatient total hip arthroplasty performed via the posterolateral approach.

Methods
A cohort of 68 patients from two sites were enrolled in a regional pilot project for outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA) and matched 1:1 against a cohort of patients undergoing routine inpatient THA. Data was extracted retrospectively from patient and hospital charts including adverse events (AE), readmission within 90 days, emergency room (ER) visits, patient calls, patient-reported outcome measures, length of stay, and multiple surgical variables.

Results
The outpatient group had a mean hospital stay of 13 hours, whereas the inpatient group had a mean of 58 hours (p<0.001). Three outpatients and four inpatients experienced post-op complications. Three inpatients and one outpatient visited the ER within 8 weeks of surgery. No difference in pre-operative hemoglobin (p = 0.210), or surgical blood loss (p = 0.550) was found between study groups. There was no difference found between groups regarding Oxford-12 Hip Score improvement, nor satisfaction at six months, one and two years (p>0.125).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that outpatient THA using the posterolateral approach is as safe and effective as inpatient THA for overall healthy and carefully screened patients, based on the low rate of AEs observed and similar patient outcomes reported. Significantly reduced time in hospital demonstrates the reduced healthcare resources associated with outpatient THA.
Suicidal ideation, attempt, and its associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Bogale Eyob Ketema , Zewdie Amare , Kassie Tadele Derbew , Anagaw Tadele Fentabil , Mazengia Elyas Melaku , Gelaw Sintayehu Shiferaw , Fenta Eneyew Talie , Eshetu Habitu Birhan , Kebede Natnael 
Published: March 2024

Background
WHO statistics show that someone attempts suicide every three seconds and commits suicide every 40 seconds somewhere in the world. There is a scarcity of aggregate evidence in Ethiopia. The aim of this review was to assess the pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation, attempts, and associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia to fill this gap.

Methods
We extensively searched the bibliographic databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Web of Science to obtain eligible studies. Further screening for a reference list of articles was also done. The Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet was used to extract data, and Stata 17 was used for analysis. To check heterogeneity, the Higgs I2 and Cochran’s Q tests were employed. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis were implemented. To detect publication bias, Egger’s test and funnel plots were used.

Results
The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts among adult HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia was 20.3 with a 95% CI (14, 26.5) and 11.1 with a 95% CI (6.6, 15.5), respectively. Living alone (AOR 4.98; 95% CI: 2.96–8.37), having comorbidity or other opportunistic infection (AOR 4.67; 95% CI: 2.57–8.48), female sex (AOR 2.86; 95% CI: 1.76, 4.62), having WHO clinical stage III of HIV (AOR 3.69; 95% CI: 2.15, 6.32), having WHO clinical stage IV of HIV (AOR 5.43; 95% CI: 2.81, 10.53), having co-morbid depression (AOR 5.25; 95% CI: 4.05, 6.80), having perceived HIV stigma (AOR 2.53; 95% CI: 1.67, 3.84), and having family history of suicidal attempt (AOR 2.79; 95% CI: 1.38, 5.66) were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Being female (AOR 4.33; 95% CI: 2.36, 7.96), having opportunistic infections (AOR 2.73; 95% CI: 1.69, 4.41), having WHO clinical stage III of HIV (AOR 3.78; 95% CI: 2.04, 7.03), having co-morbid depression (AOR 3.47; 95% CI: 2.38, 5.05), having poor social support (AOR 3.02; 95% CI: 1.78, 5.13), and having WHO clinical stage IV (AOR 7.39; 95% CI: 3.54, 15.41) were significantly associated with suicidal attempts.

Conclusion
The pooled magnitude of suicidal ideation and attempt was high, and factors like opportunistic infection, WHO clinical stage III of HIV, WHO clinical stage III of HIV, and co-morbid depression were related to both suicidal ideation and attempt. Clinicians should be geared towards this mental health problem in HIV patients during management.
Palliative care service utilization and associated factors among cancer patients at oncology units of public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Afessa Nigus , Birhanu Dagmawit , Negese Belete , Tefera Mitiku 
Published: March 2024

Background
Palliative care helps patients and their families deal with the hardships that come with a life-threatening illness. However, patients were not fully utilizing the palliative care services provided by healthcare facilities for a number of reasons. In Ethiopia, there hasn’t been any research done on the variables that influence the utilization of palliative care services.

Objective
To assess palliative care service utilization & associated factors affecting cancer patients at public hospitals oncology units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study design was carried out. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 404 participants at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital and Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College from July 4 to August 2, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data was collected by ODK-Collect version 3.5 software and exported to excel and then to SPSS version 25 for recoding, cleaning, and analysis. Logistic regression model was employed. P-values <0.05 were regarded as statistically significant.

Result
About 404 participants’ responded questionnaire giving a 97.6% response rate. The extent of Palliative care service utilization was 35.4% [95% CI: 31.4, 40.3%]. College or university education were 2.3 times more likely and living in a distance of <23 km from PC service centers were 1.8 times more likely to use palliative care services. Factors hindering palliative care service utilization were inability to read & write, treatment side effects, long distance to a health institution, and low satisfaction with the health care service.

Conclusion and recommendation
The extent of palliative care service utilization which was low. Factors to palliative care service utilization were clients’ education level, treatment side effects, distance to a health institution, and patients’ satisfaction. Interventions to enhance health education and counseling of cancer patients, early detection and management of treatment side effects and accessibility of palliative care services for cancer patients should be emphasized and implemented by all concerned stakeholders.
Comparing pregnancy and pregnancy outcome rates between adolescents with and without pre-existing mental disorders
Authors: Jeon Nakyung , Albogami Yasser , Jung Sun-Young , Bussing Regina , Winterstein Almut G. 
Published: March 2024

Background
There are limited population-based data on the role of mental disorders in adolescent pregnancy, despite the presence of mental disorders that may affect adolescents’ desires and decisions to become pregnant.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the relationship between specific types of mental disorders and pregnancy rates and outcome types among adolescents aged 13–19 years, using single-year age groups.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Merative™ MarketScan Research Databases. The study population consisted of females aged 13–19 years with continuous insurance enrollment for three consecutive calendar years between 2005 and 2015. Pregnancy incidence rates were calculated both overall and within the different categories of mental disorders. The presence of mental disorders, identified through diagnosis codes, was classified into 15 categories. Pregnancy and pregnancy outcome types were determined using diagnosis and procedure codes indicating the pregnancy status or outcome. To address potential over- or underestimations of mental disorder-specific pregnancy rates resulting from variations in age distribution across different mental disorder types, we applied age standardization using 2010 U.S. Census data. Finally, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships between 15 specific types of mental disorders and pregnancy incidence rates, stratified by age.

Results
The age-standardized pregnancy rate among adolescents diagnosed with at least one mental disorder was 15.4 per 1,000 person-years, compared to 8.5 per 1,000 person-years among adolescents without a mental disorder diagnosis. Compared to pregnant adolescents without a mental disorder diagnosis, those with a mental disorder diagnosis had a slightly but significantly higher abortion rate (26.7% vs 23.8%, P-value < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression models showed that substance use-related disorders had the highest odds ratios (ORs) for pregnancy incidence, ranging from 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1–2.7] to 4.5 [95% CI:2.1–9.5] across different age groups. Overall, bipolar disorders (OR range: 1.6 [95% CI:1.4–1.9]– 1.8 [95% CI: 1.7–2.0]), depressive disorders (OR range: 1.4 [95% CI: 1.3–1.5]– 2.7 [95% CI: 2.3–3.1]), alcohol-related disorders (OR range: 1.2 [95% CI: 1.1–1.4]– 14.5 [95% CI: 1.2–178.6]), and attention-deficit/conduct/disruptive behavior disorders (OR range: 1.1 [95% CI: 1.0–1.1]– 1.8 [95% CI: 1.1–3.0]) were also significantly associated with adolescent pregnancy, compared to adolescents without diagnosed mental disorders of the same age.

Conclusion
This study emphasizes the elevated rates of pregnancy and pregnancy ending in abortion among adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders, and identifies the particular mental disorders associated with higher pregnancy rates.
Healthcare utilization and its association with socioeconomic status in China: Evidence from the 2011–2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Li Xi , Mohanty Itismita , Chai Peipei , Niyonsenga Theo 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Healthcare utilization often favors the higher-socioeconomic status (SES) and having chronic diseases may exacerbate this inequality. This study aims to examine the trends in health service use over time, the effect of SES on healthcare utilization, and the role of chronic diseases in this association.

Methods
Data used in this study were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018, which is the first nationally representative survey of the middle-aged and older. The sample included people aged 45 years and older who responded to all the waves. A total of 10,922 adults were included in this study. Healthcare utilization was categorized into outpatient and inpatient service use and SES was measured by per-capita household expenditure. A multilevel zero-inflated negative binomial regression model was performed to analyze outpatient and inpatient service use, separately.

Results
The rates of outpatient service use in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018 were 19.11%, 21.45%, 20.12%, and 16.32%, respectively, while the rates of inpatient service use were 8.40%, 13.04%, 14.17%, and 18.79%, respectively. Compared to individuals in the lowest quintile of per-capita household expenditure, those in higher quintiles had higher odds of outpatient service use (Q2: odds ratio = 1.233, p < 0.0001; Q3: 1.416, p < 0.0001; Q4: 1.408, p < 0.0001; or Q5: 1.439, p < 0.0001) and higher rates of inpatient service use (Q2: incidence rate ratio = 1.273, p < 0.0001; Q3: 1.773, p < 0.0001; Q4: 2.071, p < 0.0001; or Q5: 1.992, p < 0.0001). Additionally, having morbidity generally increased healthcare utilization, but did not play a significant role in moderating the relationship between SES and healthcare utilization.

Conclusions
Healthcare utilization rates were overall low in China, but relatively high for people in higher quintiles of per-capita household expenditure or those with morbidity, compared to their counterparts. Policy actions are required to provide more health education to the public, to further optimize health insurance schemes targeting outpatient services, especially for the low-SES, and to establish new health delivery models for NCD management in the primary health care setting.