bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goos–Hänchen shifts on spin representation
Authors: Chen Ze , Zhang Xiaoguang , Zhang Hu , Meng Yang , Zhen Weiming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We analyze the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift and longitudinal spin splitting (LSS) at a planar interface between two optical media in the spin representation. While these optical effects have been studied previously, we examine the direct and cross-reflected light fields, and their interference from the spin representation to reveal the physical mechanism of the GH shift and establish a quantitative relationship between it and LSS. Furthermore, we show that angular asymmetric spin splitting occurs under the spin representation when linearly polarized light with a phase difference of 180° and an amplitude ratio angle deviating from 45° impinges on the air–glass interface at Brewster’s angle. Finally, we reveal that the spin component field of the reflected light field for the total reflection case is different from that of the Brewster angle reflection, the most typical manifestation is that the intensity of the two spin component fields is not equal.
Ferromagnetic and ohmic effects on nanofluid flow via permeability rotative disk: significant interparticle radial and nanoparticle radius
Authors: Shamshuddin MD , Panda Subhajit , Pattnaik P K , Mishra S R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The significance of interparticle spacing and nanoparticle radius for the case of single-phase nanofluid flow has often been neglected. Tremendous applications of this phenomenon can be witnessed in different fields, especially in electron microscopes, heat exchange processes, and many others. This research highlights this vital aspect of Ohmic heating in nanofluid flow over a spinning disk. To ensure the novelty, a ferromagnetic nanoparticle (Manganese ferrite) has been incorporated to examine interparticle spacing and particle radius to explore the features of heat transfer. The ferromagnetic nanofluids are vital in carriers for drug delivery systems, in cancer treatment, design of systems for hyperthermia therapy, in microfluidic devices used for chemical synthesis, etc. The quantiles of dimensional equations are converted into dimensionless ones by adopting similarity transformations and to solve highly coupled nonlinear equations numerically, built-in bvp5c MATLAB tool is utilized. The effect of a few revealed factors, the velocity and temperature distributions, are examined via visualization. Furthermore, streamlined plots are also visualized. The outcomes produced showed excellent agreement with those made in the literature in the same direction by assuming some exceptional cases on different gradients. Further, the outstanding results are reported as; the permeability of the surface produces the suction velocity, and the enhanced suction velocity attenuates the fluid velocity in either of the case of pure and nanofluid. The increase in thermal radiation boosts up the heat transfer rate whereas the augmentation in the Eckert number retards it significantly.
An improved FMECA method for equipment reliability based on information fusion
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Fang Liqing , Zhao Jianxin , Qi Ziyuan , Deng Huiyong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Whether in the design and manufacturing stage of complex equipment, or in its operation and maintenance stage, equipment reliability is a key indicator. In order to improve and maintain the reliability of equipment, using FMECA method to determine the key components of equipment is an important foundation. To solve the problem of determining the key components of a complex reciprocating mechanical system, this paper proposes an improved FMECA method based on an adaptive weighted information fusion model, on the basis of the fuzzy FMECA method. By constructing an initial weight judgment support matrix, the weights of different information sources are determined, and the weight results of each influence factor are obtained. Finally, the comprehensive criticality of each fault mode is calculated to rank the importance of each component. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified using a complex reciprocating mechanical system as an example.
Effect of lattice distortion on spin admixture and quantum transport in organic devices with spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Wang 王 Ying 莹 , Li 李 Dan 丹 , Sun 孙 Xinying 新英 , Zhang 张 Huiqing 惠晴 , Ma 马 Han 晗 , Li 李 Huixin 慧欣 , Ren 任 Junfeng 俊峰 , Wang 王 Chuankui 传奎 , Hu 胡 Guichao 贵超 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With an extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model and Green’s function method, the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effects on spin admixture of electronic states and quantum transport in organic devices are investigated. The role of lattice distortion induced by the strong electron–lattice interaction in organics is clarified in contrast with a uniform chain. The results demonstrate an enhanced SOC effect on the spin admixture of frontier eigenstates by the lattice distortion at a larger SOC, which is explained by the perturbation theory. The quantum transport under the SOC is calculated for both nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic electrodes. A more notable SOC effect on total transmission and current is observed for ferromagnetic electrodes, where spin filtering induced by spin-flipped transmission and suppression of magnetoresistance are obtained. Unlike the spin admixture, a stronger SOC effect on transmission exists for the uniform chain rather than the organic lattices with distortion. The reason is attributed to the modified spin-polarized conducting states in the electrodes by lattice configuration, and hence the spin-flip transmission, instead of the spin admixture of eigenstates. This work is helpful to understand the SOC effect in organic spin valves in the presence of lattice distortion.
Endowing low fatigue for elastocaloric effect by refined hierarchical microcomposite in additive manufactured NiTiCuCo alloy
Authors: Feng Bo , Liu Helong , Yang Ying , Shen Hui , Ren Yang , Liu Yinong , Cui Lishan , Huang Bingmin , Hao Shijie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
NiTiCu-based shape memory alloys have been considered as ideal materials for solid-state refrigeration due to their superb cycling stability for elastocaloric effect. However, the embrittlement and deterioration caused by secondary phase and coarse grains restrict their applications, and it is still challenging since the geometric components are required. Here, bulk NiTiCuCo parts with excellent forming quality were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. The as-fabricated alloy exhibits refined three-phases hierarchical microcomposite formed based on the rapid cooling mode of LPBF, composed of intricate dendritic Ti2Ni–NiTi composite and nano Ti2Cu embedded inside the NiTi-matrix. This configuration endows far superior elastocaloric stability compared to the as-cast counterpart. The low fatigue stems from the strong elastic coupling between the interphases with reversible martensite transformation, revealed by in-situ synchrotron high-energy x-ray diffraction. The fabrication of NiTiCuCo alloy via LPBF fills the bill of complex geometric structures for elastocaloric NiTiCu alloys. The understanding of interphase micro-coupling could provide the guide for designing LPBF fabricated shape memory-based composites, enabling their applications for special demands on other functionalities.
Fabrication and bonding of In bumps on Micro-LED with 8 μm pixel pitch
Authors: Jiang Bing-Xin , Chen Hui , Zhang Wen-Jing , Lan Jin-Hua , Yang Tian-Xi , Lin Chang , Huang Zhong-Hang , Zhang Kai-Xin , Zhu Xue-Qi , He Jun , Yang Yi-Fan , Zhang Yong-Ai , Yan Qun , Sun Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Indium (In) is currently used to fabricate metal bumps on micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) chips due to its excellent physical properties. However, as Micro-LED pixel size and pitch decrease, achieving high-quality In bumps on densely packed Micro-LED chips often presents more challenges. This paper describes the process of fabricating In bumps on micro-LEDs using thermal evaporation, highlighting an issue where In tends to grow laterally within the photoresist pattern, ultimately blocking the pattern and resulting in undersized and poorly dense In bumps on the Micro-LED chip. To address this issue, we conducted numerous experiments to study the height variation of In bumps within a range of photoresist aperture sizes (3 μm −7 μm) under two different resist thickness conditions (3.8 μm and 4.8 μm). The results showed that the resist thickness had a certain effect on the height of In bumps on the Micro-LED chip electrodes. Moreover, we found that, with the photoresist pattern size increasing under constant resist thickness conditions, the height and quality of the bumps significantly improved. Based on this finding, we rationalized the adjustment of the photoresist pattern size within a limited emission platform range to compensate for the height difference of In bumps caused by different resist thicknesses between the cathode and anode regions. Consequently, well-shaped and dense In bumps with a maximum height of up to 4.4 μm were fabricated on 8 μm pitch Micro-LED chips. Afterwards, we bonded the Micro-LED chip with indium bumps to the CMOS chip, and we found that we could successfully control the CMOS chip to drive the Micro-LED chip to display specific characters through the Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC). This work is of significant importance for the fabrication of In bumps on Micro-LED chips with pitches below 10 μm and subsequent bonding processes.
Strategies used during the cognitive evaluation of older adults with dual sensory impairment: a scoping review
Authors: Dumassais Shirley , Pichora-Fuller Margaret Kathleen , Guthrie Dawn , Phillips Natalie A , Savundranayagam Marie , Wittich Walter 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Dual sensory impairment (DSI), the combination of visual and hearing impairments, is associated with increased risk for age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Administering cognitive tests to individuals with sensory impairment is challenging because most cognitive measures require sufficient hearing and vision. Considering sensory limitations during cognitive test administration is necessary so that the effects of sensory and cognitive abilities on test performance can be differentiated and the validity of test results optimized.

Objective
To review empirical strategies that researchers have employed to accommodate DSI during cognitive testing of older adults.

Methods
Seven databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Global Health and the Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases) were searched for relevant articles integrating the three concepts of cognitive evaluation, aging, and DSI. Given the inclusion criteria, this scoping review included a total of 67 papers.

Results
Twenty-eight studies reported five categories of strategies for cognitive testing of older adult participants with DSI: the assistance of experts, the modification of standardized test scoring procedures, the use of communication strategies, environmental modifications, and the use of cognitive tests without visual and/or auditory items.

Conclusions
The most used strategy reported in the included studies was drawing on the assistance of team members from related fields during the administration and interpretation of cognitive screening measures. Alternative strategies were rarely employed. Future research is needed to explore the knowledge-to-practice gap between research and current clinical practice, and to develop standardized testing strategies.
Exitrons: offering new roles to retained introns—the novel regulators of protein diversity and utility
Authors: Shamnas v Muhammed , Singh Akanksha , Kumar Anuj , Mishra Gyan Prakash , Sinha Subodh Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Exitrons are exonic introns. This subclass of intron retention alternative splicing does not contain a Pre-Terminating stop Codon. Therefore, when retained, they are always a part of a protein. Intron retention is a frequent phenomenon predominantly found in plants, which results in either the degradation of the transcripts or can serve as a stable intermediate to be processed upon induction by specific signals or the cell status. Interestingly, exitrons have coding ability and may confer additional attributes to the proteins that retain them. Therefore, exitron-containing and exitron-spliced isoforms will be a driving force for creating protein diversity in the proteome of an organism. This review establishes a basic understanding of exitron, discussing its genesis, key features, identification methods and functions. We also try to depict its other potential roles. The present review also aims to provide a fundamental background to those who found such exitronic sequences in their gene(s) and to speculate the future course of studies.
Calcified left ventricular apical aneurysm with intramural thrombus: a case report
Authors: Nelson Dean M , Brennan Anthony P , Raman Jaishankar , Burns Andrew T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Left ventricular aneurysms (LVAs) are a well-appreciated complication of acute myocardial infarction. Ventricular aneurysms involving the left ventricle (LV) typically evolve as a result of anterior myocardial infarction and are associated with greater morbidity, complication rates, and hospital resource utilization. Incidence of LVA is decreasing with advent of modern reperfusion therapies; however, in the setting of excess morbidity, clinicians must maintain an appreciation for their appearance to allow timely diagnosis and individualized care.

Case summary
This case report describes the clinical history, investigation, appearance, and management of a patient with calcified apical LVA with history of previous anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The patient was initially admitted for elective coronary angiography in the setting of worsening exertional dyspnoea and subsequently underwent coronary artery bypass graft, aneurysm resection, and LV reconstruction.

Discussion
Left ventricular aneurysms are an uncommon complication experienced in the modern era of acute myocardial infarction and current reperfusion therapies, but remain an important cause of excess morbidity and complication. Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, workup, and subsequent management of LVAs are lacking. The imaging findings presented in this case serve as an important reminder of the appearance of LVAs so that timely diagnosis and individualized care considerations can be made.
Deep learning to detect left ventricular structural abnormalities in chest X-rays
Authors: Bhave Shreyas , Rodriguez Victor , Poterucha Timothy , Mutasa Simukayi , Aberle Dwight , Capaccione Kathleen M , Chen Yibo , Dsouza Belinda , Dumeer Shifali , Goldstein Jonathan , Hodes Aaron , Leb Jay , Lungren Matthew , Miller Mitchell , Monoky David , Navot Benjamin , Wattamwar Kapil , Wattamwar Anoop , Clerkin Kevin , Ouyang David , Ashley Euan , Topkara Veli K , Maurer Mathew , Einstein Andrew J , Uriel Nir , Homma Shunichi , Schwartz Allan , Jaramillo Diego , Perotte Adler J , Elias Pierre 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Early identification of cardiac structural abnormalities indicative of heart failure is crucial to improving patient outcomes. Chest X-rays (CXRs) are routinely conducted on a broad population of patients, presenting an opportunity to build scalable screening tools for structural abnormalities indicative of Stage B or worse heart failure with deep learning methods. In this study, a model was developed to identify severe left ventricular hypertrophy (SLVH) and dilated left ventricle (DLV) using CXRs.

Methods
A total of 71 589 unique CXRs from 24 689 different patients completed within 1 year of echocardiograms were identified. Labels for SLVH, DLV, and a composite label indicating the presence of either were extracted from echocardiograms. A deep learning model was developed and evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Performance was additionally validated on 8003 CXRs from an external site and compared against visual assessment by 15 board-certified radiologists.

Results
The model yielded an AUROC of 0.79 (0.76–0.81) for SLVH, 0.80 (0.77–0.84) for DLV, and 0.80 (0.78–0.83) for the composite label, with similar performance on an external data set. The model outperformed all 15 individual radiologists for predicting the composite label and achieved a sensitivity of 71% vs. 66% against the consensus vote across all radiologists at a fixed specificity of 73%.

Conclusions
Deep learning analysis of CXRs can accurately detect the presence of certain structural abnormalities and may be useful in early identification of patients with LV hypertrophy and dilation. As a resource to promote further innovation, 71 589 CXRs with adjoining echocardiographic labels have been made publicly available.
Prenatal cannabis use disorder and gastroschisis in California, 2007–19
Authors: Delker Erin , Baer Rebecca J , Kelly Ann E , Chambers Christina , Bandoli Gretchen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastroschisis is a congenital anomaly of the abdominal wall with an unknown aetiology. Recent trends in the prevalence of gastroschisis suggest that changing environmental or behavioural factors may contribute. We examined whether prenatal cannabis use disorder was associated with gastroschisis.

Methods
The Study of Outcomes of Mothers and Infants is a population-based cohort compiled of California birth records that have been linked to Department of Health Care Access and Information hospitalization, emergency department and ambulatory surgery records. We included 2007–19 singleton live births (n = 5 774 656). Cannabis use disorder was measured by diagnosis codes at any visit during pregnancy or at birth. Gastroschisis was measured by diagnosis or surgical repair procedure codes at birth or during the first year of life.

Results
The prevalence of cannabis use disorder was about 1%. The prevalence of gastroschisis was 0.14% and 0.06% among those with and without cannabis use disorder, respectively. There were positive associations between cannabis use disorder and gastroschisis when using a multivariable model [adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0, 1.7) and a matched sample approach (aRR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.1, 2.1). The association varied by maternal age and was largest among people aged &gt;34 years (aRR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.0, 5.8).

Conclusions
We confirm findings of a positive association between cannabis exposure and gastroschisis and add that it is strongest when maternal age is greater than 34 years. More investigation into whether the association is causal, and why the association varies by maternal age, is encouraged.
Genetic Diversity From Proviral DNA as a Proxy for Time Since HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Zeeb Marius , Frischknecht Paul , Huber Michael , Schenkel Corinne D , Neumann Kathrin , Leeman Christine , Notter Julia , Rauch Andri , Stöckle Marcel , Cavassini Matthias , Bernasconi Enos , Braun Dominique L , Günthard Huldrych F , Metzner Karin J , Kouyos Roger D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
HIV-1 RNA genetic diversity predicts time since infection, which is important for clinical care and research. It is unclear, however, whether proviral DNA genetic diversity sampled under suppressive antiretroviral therapy can be used for this purpose. We tested whether proviral genetic diversity from next-generation sequencing predicts time since infection and recency in 221 people with HIV-1 with known infection time. Proviral diversity was significantly associated with time since infection (P &lt; 5×10−7, R2 up to 25%) and predictive of treatment initiation during recent infection (area under the curve-receiver operating characteristic up to 0.85). This shows the utility of proviral genetic diversity as a proxy for time since infection.
Evaluating Laboratory Communications to NKF-WG Recommended Stakeholders during Implementation of the CKD-EPI 2021 Equation
Authors: Luby Shawn W 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
In 2022, the National Kidney Foundation's Laboratory Engagement Working Group (NKF-WG) released recommendations for clinical implementation of the race-free Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) 2021 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation.
This study examined laboratory communications during CKD-EPI 2021 implementation including communication methods and delivery, content inclusion, and alignment with stakeholder inclusion as defined by the NKF-WG.

Methods
An anonymous web-based survey was distributed to members of ADLM (AACC) and the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS) in November 2022 to solicit laboratory directors of CLIA-licensed clinical laboratories in the United States. Seventeen questions covering topics related to implementation of CKD-EPI 2021, stakeholder inclusion, methods and timing of communications delivery, and content inclusion were surveyed.

Results
All participating laboratories (n = 28) reported including physicians/advanced practitioners in implementation communications, while only 10.7% reported inclusion of patients. When reporting on methods of communication, 81.5% (n = 27) of respondents reported using multiple methods of communication with providers and 88.8% issued provider communications prior to implementation. In contrast, when patient communications were delivered, 87.5% (n = 8) issued these communications exclusively after CKD-EPI 2021 implementation and the majority (6 of 8) reported using only one method of communication during delivery. When reporting on content inclusion, 64.3% (n = 28) of laboratories reported including concerns regarding previous race-based eGFR equations in communications with physicians/advanced practitioners, while only 16.7% (n = 18) of those who included this information did so with patients.

Conclusions
Participants reported limited engagement in CKD-EPI 2021 laboratory-to-patient implementation communications as well as limited inclusion of additional stakeholder groups, as defined in the NKF-WG recommendations. Laboratories utilized multiple communication methods and deliveries in physician/advanced practitioner communications; however, this strategy was not replicated when engaging with additional NKF-WG stakeholder groups.