bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resective epilepsy surgery and its impact on depression in adults: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and implications for future research
Authors: Hernandez Poblete Natalia , Gay Florian , Salvo Francesco , Micoulaud-Franchi Jean-Arthur , Bienvenu Thomas , Coelho Julien , Aupy Jerome 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundHow epilepsy surgery influences the bidirectional relationship of epilepsy and depression remains poorly defined.MethodFor a better understanding of this question, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of risk ratio on depression prevalence before and after epilepsy surgery, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Three databases were comprehensively screened for all studies assessing depression before and after resective surgery in adult epileptic patients until 8 October 2022. Studies were included if depression was assessed before and after epilepsy surgery regardless of the time of follow-up. A total of 1917 studies were screened for eligibility and 91 full-texts up for inclusion; 35 studies were finally included, 25 studies and 2563 patients were included in main meta-analysis and 10 for exploratory analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) from Cochrane. To derive the pooled depression rates before and after surgery, a meta-analysis with inversed-variance was performed using random-effects logistic models with Peto’s correction and a 95% CI. Heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran’s Q-test along with its derived measure of inconsistency I2.ResultsOverall, the depression rates before and after resective epilepsy surgery were 0.70 (0.53 to 0.91) 95% CI, suggesting that the rate of depression at last follow-up evaluation tends to decrease after Resective Epilepsy Surgery (RES). Subgroup analysis suggest a positive long-term effect appears with a significant lower rates of depression already 6 months (0.61 (0.38 to 0.98)), after surgery which is maintained over time after 1 year (0.53 (0.31 to 0.90)), and after 2 years (0.62 (0.42 to 0.92)).ConclusionThis important finding should be taken in consideration before resective surgery for drug-resistant epilepsies. However, prospective studies should be conducted to characterise which patient, at the individual level, might be at risk of de novo or worsening of depression.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022355386.
Remission definitions guiding immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: which is best fitted for the purpose?
Authors: Duarte Catia , Ferreira Ricardo J O , Welsing Paco M J , Jacobs Johannes W G , Gossec Laure , Machado Pedro M , van der Heijde Désirée , da Silva Jose Antonio Pereira 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo assess which definition of remission best predicts good radiographic outcome (GRO) and good functional outcome (GFO) in rheumatoid arthritis, focusing the updated American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology criteria.Material and methodsMeta-analyses of individual patient data (IPD) from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Six definitions of remission were considered: (1) Boolean with Patient Global Assessment (PGA)≤1 (Boolean); (2) Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI)≤3.3; (3) Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)≤2.8; (4) Boolean with PGA≤2 (Updated-Boolean); (5) Boolean with Physician Global Assessment (PhGA≤1) replacing PGA (Boolean-PhGA) and (6) Boolean excluding PGA (3VBoolean). GRO was defined as a worsening ≤0.5 units in radiographic score and GFO as a no worsening in Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), that is, ∆HAQ-DI≤0.0 units. Relationships between each remission definition at 6 and/or 12 months and GRO and GFO during the second year were analysed. Pooled probabilities for each outcome for each definition and their predictive accuracy were estimated.ResultsIPD from eight RCTs (n=4423) were analysed. Boolean, SDAI, CDAI, Updated-Boolean, Boolean-PhGA and 3VBoolean were achieved by 24%, 27%, 28%, 32%, 33% and 43% of all patients, respectively. GRO among patients achieving remission ranged from 82.4% (3VBoolean) to 83.9% (SDAI). 3VBoolean showed the highest predictive accuracy for GRO: 51.1% versus 38.8% (Boolean) and 44.1% (Updated-Boolean). The relative risk of GFO ranged from 1.16 (Boolean) to 1.05 (3VBoolean). However, the proportion of GFO correctly predicted was highest for the 3VBoolean (50.3%) and lowest for the Boolean (43.8%).Conclusion3VBoolean definition provided the most accurate prediction of GRO and GFO, avoiding the risk of overtreatment in a substantial proportion of patients without increment in radiographic damage progression, supporting the proposal that 3VBoolean remission is preferable to guide immunosuppressive treatment. The patient’s perspective, which must remain central, is best served by an additional patient-oriented target: a dual-target approach.
Performance Evaluation of Spintronic-Based Spiking Neural Networks using Parallel Discrete-Event Simulation
Authors: Cruz-Camacho Elkin , Qian Siyuan , Shukla Ankit , McGlohon Neil , Rakheja Shaloo , Carothers Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Spintronic devices that use the spin of electrons as the information state variable have the potential to emulate neuro-synaptic dynamics and can be realized within a compact form-factor, while operating at ultra-low energy-delay point. In this paper, we benchmark the performance of a spintronics hardware platform designed for handling neuromorphic tasks.
To explore the benefits of spintronics-based hardware on realistic neuromorphic workloads, we developed a Parallel Discrete-Event Simulation model called Doryta, which is further integrated with a materials-to-systems benchmarking framework. The benchmarking framework allows us to obtain quantitative metrics on the throughput and energy of spintronics-based neuromorphic computing and compare these against standard CMOS-based approaches. Although spintronics hardware offers significant energy and latency advantages, we find that for larger neuromorphic circuits, the performance is limited by the interconnection networks rather than the spintronics-based neurons and synapses. This limitation can be overcome by architectural changes to the network.
Through Doryta we are also able to show the power of neuromorphic computing by simulating Conway’s Game of Life (GoL), thus showing that it is Turing complete. We show that Doryta obtains over 300× speedup using 1,024 CPU cores when tested on a convolutional, sparse, neural architecture. When scaled-up 64 times, to a 200 million neuron model, the simulation ran in 3:42 minutes for a total of 2,000 virtual clock steps. The conservative approach of execution was found to be faster in most cases than the optimistic approach, even when a tie-breaking mechanism to guarantee deterministic execution, was deactivated.
Modeling the impact of MRI acquisition bias on structural connectomes: Harmonizing structural connectomes
Authors: Patel Jagruti , Schöttner Mikkel , Tarun Anjali , Tourbier Sebastien , Alemán-Gómez Yasser , Hagmann Patric , Bolton Thomas A. W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne way to increase the statistical power and generalizability of neuroimaging studies is to collect data at multiple sites or merge multiple cohorts. However, this usually comes with site-related biases due to the heterogeneity of scanners and acquisition parameters, negatively impacting sensitivity. Brain structural connectomes are not an exception: Being derived from T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images, structural connectivity is impacted by differences in imaging protocol. Beyond minimizing acquisition parameter differences, removing bias with postprocessing is essential. In this work we create, from the exhaustive Human Connectome Project Young Adult dataset, a resampled dataset of different b-values and spatial resolutions, modeling a cohort scanned across multiple sites. After demonstrating the statistical impact of acquisition parameters on connectivity, we propose a linear regression with explicit modeling of b-value and spatial resolution, and validate its performance on separate datasets. We show that b-value and spatial resolution affect connectivity in different ways and that acquisition bias can be reduced using a linear regression informed by the acquisition parameters while retaining interindividual differences and hence boosting fingerprinting performance. We also demonstrate the generative potential of our model, and its generalization capability in an independent dataset reflective of typical acquisition practices in clinical settings.
Characterisation of Paratylenchus cacao n. sp. from Ghana, and P. enigmaticus (Nematoda: Paratylenchinae) from Belgium
Authors: Maosa Joseph O. , Singh Phougeishangbam R. , Asumaila Abdul-Ganew , Couvreur Marjolein , Bert Wim 
Published: March 2024

Summary
Paratylenchus cacao n. sp., a pin nematode associated with cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) from Ghana, is described herein based on morphology, morphometrics and phylogenetic relationships with other species. Morphologically, P. cacao n. sp. is characterised by a female body length of 174-265 μm, body assuming a ‘C’ or ‘J’ shape after heat relaxation, a flat head, slightly set off lip region, a truncated anterior end, a rigid stylet of 24-31 μm, four lateral lines, vulval region with distinct vulval flaps, and a finely rounded tail with a mucron-like terminus. The findings of the phylogenetic analyses utilising the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S, ITS of rDNA, and COI of mitochondrial DNA sequences indicate that P. cacao n. sp. is a species closely related to P. leptos. Additionally, based on butterhead lettuce and leek populations from Belgium, the first description of a male, SEM pictures and COI sequences of P. enigmaticus are presented. Both studies exemplify how even potentially important plant-parasitic nematode species can remain unnoticed for a long time. This suggests the need to conduct more nematode diversity studies and underscores the significance of correct nematode identification through the utilisation of tools such as integrative taxonomy.
Species and Genus as Mutual Parts in Aristotle: a Hylomorphic Account
Authors: Rotkale Līva 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A genus contains its species, and the species implies its genus. Does it mean that the species is a part of the genus and also the genus is a part of the species? But how can they be part of each other without being identical? In the context of kinds, in what sense is ‘part’ applicable?
We argue that for Aristotle, a species and its genus are mutual parts, standing in different parthood relations to each other, viz. the genus is a prior part of its species, while the species is a posterior part of its genus. Furthermore, we show that prior and posterior parthood concerning the genus and its species is grounded on the relations between matter and form in a matter-form compound.
Nur-e Afshan (the refulgent light)
Authors: Singh David Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Periodicals played increasingly an important role, particularly from the nineteenth century, within missionary circles. This paper focuses on the American Presbyterian Periodical, nur-e afshan (the refulgent light). The initial evidence presented here supports the argument that there were changes in its ownership and use over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Initially edited by the Presbyterian missionary, Wherry, by the turn of the nineteenth century, the periodical reflected the broader change from missionary to native leadership in the Presbyterian Mission. The policy to gradually ‘indigenise’ the periodical went hand in hand with the native Christians replacing the missionaries as lead contributors and consumers. Nur has been dismissively described as a ‘semi-secular’ magazine, which undermines its significance as a forum for native agency and thought in the changing socio-political context of India. Under this agency, the periodical surrendered the traditional triumphalist polemics for a more reflective discourse leading up to India’s independence.
The Swedish-Norwegian Experience of Increased Budget Control Due to Hierarchical Budget Reforms in their National Parliaments
Authors: Schjøtt-Pedersen Karl Eirik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There has been a wide-ranging discourse among scholars as to whether a hierarchical budget process contributes to increased fiscal discipline. During the 1990s such reforms were introduced in Sweden and Norway. These countries are characterized as being quite equal. However, they faced contrary economic challenges, with an accelerating debt in Sweden contrasting with huge resource revenues in Norway. Nonetheless, they shared equal political challenges by being characterized by minority as well as coalition governments, and even a large proportion of minority, coalition governments. This study confirms that there has been significantly increased fiscal discipline during the parliament’s budget approval process. The outcome has been supported by reforms to the preparation of the budget approval, which have been centralized to the parliaments’ standing committees on finance. The study supports the framework for evaluation of budget processes in von Hagen and Harden (1995). However, there are two significant modifications which stands out as supplements to the framework. First, strong limitations on amendments may be less important under a regime of top-down budgeting than anticipated in their framework. Second, the importance of centralizing the budget preparation in one specific committee, normally the standing committee on finance, may be stronger than anticipated by von Hagen and Harden.
A Rose by Any Other Name: On Basic Scores from the 2 × 2 Table and the Plethora of Names Attached to Them
Authors: Brooks Harold E. , Flora Montgomery L. , Baldwin Michael E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Forecast evaluation metrics have been discovered and rediscovered in a variety of contexts, leading to confusion. We look at measures from the 2 × 2 contingency table and the history of their development and illustrate how different fields working on similar problems has led to different approaches and perspectives of the same mathematical concepts. For example, probability of detection (POD) is a quantity in meteorology that was also called prefigurance in the field, while the same thing is named recall in information science and machine learning, and sensitivity and true positive rate in the medical literature. Many of the scores that combine three elements of the 2 × 2 table can be seen as either coming from a perspective of Venn diagrams or from the Pythagorean means, possibly weighted, of two ratios of performance measures. Although there are algebraic relationships between the two perspectives, the approaches taken by authors led them in different directions, making it unlikely that they would discover scores that naturally arose from the other approach. We close by discussing the importance of understanding the implicit or explicit values expressed by the choice of scores. In addition, we make some simple recommendations about the appropriate nomenclature to use when publishing interdisciplinary work.
Performance Characterization of Heliotrope Solar Hot-Air Balloons during Multihour Stratospheric Flights
Authors: Swaim Taylor D. , Hough Emalee , Yap Zachary , Jacob Jamey D. , Krishnamoorthy Siddharth , Bowman Daniel C. , Martire Léo , Komjathy Attila , Elbing Brian R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Heliotropes are passive solar hot-air balloons that are capable of achieving nearly level flight within the lower stratosphere for several hours. These inexpensive flight platforms enable stratospheric sensing with high cadence enabled by the low cost to manufacture, but their performance has not yet been assessed systematically. During July–September of 2021, 29 heliotropes were successfully launched from Oklahoma and achieved float altitude as part of the Balloon-based Acoustic Seismology Study (BASS). All of the heliotrope envelopes were nearly identical with only minor variations to the flight line throughout the campaign. Flight data collected during this campaign comprise a large sample to characterize the typical heliotrope flight behavior during launch, ascent, float, and descent. Each flight stage is characterized, dependence on various parameters is quantified, and a discussion of nominal and anomalous flights is provided.
Youth violence and knife crime in ethnic minorities in the UK: A review of the literature
Authors: Gwata Dorcas , Ventriglio Antonio , Hughes Peter , Deahl Martin 
Published: March 2024

Background: Youth violence and knife crime is increasing dramatically, so much so it has been described as a global epidemic. The social, economic and political forces fuelling this rise mean that minority groups are particularly affected. Aim: This paper reviews the literature primarily from a UK perspective, and illustrates the disparate factors that are influencing the rise in youth violence and knife crime and illustrates the complexities of integrating the perspectives of different disciplines into coherent intervention strategies. Method: We conducted a systematic review of the literature that explores both the causes of increasing youth violence and knife crime as well as some of the interventions that have attempted to deal with the problem. Results: A complex interplay of social, economic, mental health and political factors underpin the increase in youth violence and knife crime. An uneasy tension exists between a traditional criminal justice system-based approach based upon deterrence and punishment, and a more liberal preventative model focusing on adolescent mental health. None of the interventions thus far have been particularly effective. Conclusion: Youth violence and knife crime is a global social issue that causes untold suffering to individuals, families and communities as well as fear that reverberates through society. Interventions have often been devised through the lens of particular disciplines or ideologies. Integrating these perspectives into a coherent approach that is actually effective demands greater co-operation, dialogue and mutual understanding between disciplines and agencies, as well as a robust framework for the evidence-based assessment of outcomes.
Critically High Burden of Acute Malnutrition and Its Associated Factors Among Children Under 5 Years in the Rural Settings of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Getamesay Aynalem , Wana Ermias Wabeto , Workie Moges Getie 
Published: March 2024

Background: Globally, acute malnutrition threatens the lives of several million children under 5 years of age. Malnutrition affects the social, economic, and medical aspects of all countries. In Ethiopia, acute malnutrition is not decreasing at the intended rate for unclear reasons. Objective: This study aimed to assess the burden of acute malnutrition and its associated factors among children under 5 years of age in a rural setting of southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 421 children. Mothers/caretakers were interviewed using interviewer-administered questionnaire, while their children’s height/length and weight were measured. Logistic regression analyses were used and presented as the crude odds ratio (COR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The burden of acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in the study area was 22.6% (95% CI = 18.5-26.8). Fathers with primary education (AOR = 4.48; 95% CI = 1.93-10.39), households with improper solid waste disposal (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI = 1.11-5.82), not usually sleeping under insecticide-treated bed net (ITN) (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.01-3.19), unacceptable children dietary diversity score (DDS) (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 1.28-5.14), and unacceptable household DDS (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.02-5.00) were factors associated with acute malnutrition. Conclusions: The prevalence of acute malnutrition among children was critically high. Upgrading paternal educational status, encouraging safe solid waste disposal, ensuring consistent use of ITN, and improving both child and household DDS should be stressed.
An Open-Label Pilot Trial of a Brief, Parent-Based Sleep Intervention in Children With ADHD
Authors: Li Xiao , Lau Fanny Lok Fan , Chiu Waiyan Vivian , Wong Ching Kwong Dino , Li Albert Martin , Wing Yun Kwok , Lai Yee Ching Kelly , Shea Ka Sin Caroline , Li Shirley Xin 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To assess the effects of a brief parent-based behavioral sleep intervention in children with ADHD. Methods: Families with a child with ADHD and parent-reported sleep problems received a brief parent-based sleep intervention, which involved two one-to-one consultation sessions and one telephone follow-up with the parent/caregiver. Child’s sleep and clinical symptoms, and parental sleep and daytime functioning were assessed at baseline, 2-week post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Results: Sixty eligible families (mean age of the child: 9.4 ± 1.5 years; boys: 75%) were recruited, and 43 (72%) completed the whole intervention. The intervention resulted in significant improvements in the child’s sleep, clinical symptoms, and parental sleep and parenting stress, and these improvements were generally maintained at 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: The findings supported the promising effects of a brief parent-based sleep intervention on improving sleep and clinical symptoms in children with ADHD and parental sleep and parenting stress. Further randomized clinical trials with long-term follow-up are needed to test the robustness of the effectiveness of the intervention.
Short-term association between air temperature and mortality in seven cities in Norway: A time series analysis
Authors: Vázquez Fernández Liliana , Diz-Lois Palomares Alfonso , Vicedo Cabrera Ana M. , Freiesleben De Blasio Birgitte , Di Ruscio Francesco , Wisløff Torbjørn , Rao Shilpa 
Published: March 2024

Background: The association between ambient air temperature and mortality has not been assessed in Norway. This study aimed to quantify for seven Norwegian cities (Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger, Drammen, Fredrikstad, Trondheim and Tromsø) the non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases mortality burden due to non-optimal ambient temperatures. Methods: We used a historical daily dataset (1996–2018) to perform city-specific analyses with a distributed lag non-linear model with 14 days of lag, and pooled results in a multivariate meta-regression. We calculated attributable deaths for heat and cold, defined as days with temperatures above and below the city-specific optimum temperature. We further divided temperatures into moderate and extreme using cut-offs at the 1st and 99th percentiles. Results: We observed that 5.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0–8.3) of the non-accidental related deaths, 11.8% (95% CI 6.4–16.4) of the cardiovascular and 5.9% (95% CI –4.0 to 14.3) of the respiratory were attributable to non-optimal temperatures. Notable variations were found between cities and subgroups stratified by sex and age. The mortality burden related to cold dominated in all three health outcomes (5.1%, 2.0–8.1, 11.4%, 6.0–15.4, and 5.1%, –5.5 to 13.8 respectively). Heat had a more pronounced effect on the burden of respiratory deaths (0.9%, 0.2–1.0). Extreme cold accounted for 0.2% of non-accidental deaths and 0.3% of cardiovascular and respiratory deaths, while extreme heat contributed to 0.2% of non-accidental and to 0.3% of respiratory deaths. Conclusions: Most of the burden could be attributed to the contribution of moderate cold. This evidence has significant implications for enhancing public-health policies to better address health consequences in the Norwegian setting.