bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human scFv SIgA expressed on Lactococcus lactis as a vector for the treatment of mucosal disease
Authors: Yuvaraj Saravanan , Lahham Saed , Marreddy Ravi K. R. , Dijkstra Gerard , Wolken Wout A. M. , Lolkema Juke S. , Helfrich Wijnand , Johansen Finn‐Erik , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Bos Nicolaas A. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe gastrointestinal tract is a complex niche and the main port of entry of many pathogens that trigger a wide range of diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Antibodies are effective for treating such diseases, but a system capable of local delivery at the site of the pathology, thus avoiding systemic side effects, is not yet available. Here we report a novel recombinant scFvSIgA1 protein produced by Lactococcus lactis, anchored to the bacterial membrane, which retains its full immuno‐recognizing potential. This scFv fragment employed was specific for a colon cancer epitope, epithelial glycoprotein protein‐2 (EGP‐2). Accordingly L. lactis expressing this chimeric protein was capable of binding cells expressing this epitope. Expression of specific antibodies on bacteria may allow local delivery of anticancer agents produced by such bacteria in conjunction with the antibody and provides a new avenue in the quest for targeted drug delivery.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammatory processes and inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Calder Philip C. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWith regard to inflammatory processes, the main fatty acids of interest are the n‐6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA), which is the precursor of inflammatory eicosanoids like prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene B4, and the n‐3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). EPA and DHA are found in oily fish and fish oils. EPA and DHA inhibit AA metabolism to inflammatory eicosanoids. They also give rise to mediators that are less inflammatory than those produced from AA or that are anti‐inflammatory. In addition to modifying the lipid mediator profile, n‐3 PUFAs exert effects on other aspects of inflammation like leukocyte chemotaxis and inflammatory cytokine production. Some of these effects are likely due to changes in gene expression, as a result of altered transcription factor activity. Fish oil has been shown to decrease colonic damage and inflammation, weight loss and mortality in animal models of colitis. Fish oil supplementation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases results in n‐3 PUFA incorporation into gut mucosal tissue and modification of inflammatory mediator profiles. Clinical outcomes have been variably affected by fish oil, although some trials report improved gut histology, decreased disease activity, use of corticosteroids and relapse.
Effects of Eg5 knockdown on human prostate cancer xenograft growth and chemosensitivity
Authors: Hayashi Norihiro , Koller Erich , Fazli Ladan , Gleave Martin E. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractOBJECTIVESMicrotubular inhibitors, including docetaxel, are active cytotoxics in many cancers, including prostate cancer (CaP). The Eg5 gene, a member of the kinesin‐5 family, plays critical roles in proper mitotic spindle function, and is a potential microtubule‐related target for proliferating cancer cells. To investigate the functional activities of Eg5 in CaP, we used an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting Eg5 to assess the potency and anti‐cancer activity of Eg5 ASO treatment for androgen‐independent CaP cells in vitro and in vivo.RESULTSPC3 cells express higher Eg5 protein and mRNA levels compared to LNCaP cells. In both cell lines, Eg5 ASO treatment reduced mRNA and protein levels in a dose‐dependent manner and a complete reduction of Eg5 protein levels was observed at 100 nM. Dose‐dependent inhibition in cell growth, potent G2/M phase arrest, and increases in apoptotic sub‐G1 fraction were also observed using Eg5 ASO. Surprisingly, low dose Eg5 ASO significantly antagonized cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel. In vivo, Eg5 ASO monotherapy significantly reduced both LNCaP and PC‐3 tumor growth but combination treatment with paclitaxel did not yield additive benefits.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that while Eg5 is a potential target to delay androgen‐independent CaP growth, combination treatment with paclitaxel may not be desirable. Prostate 68:1283–1295, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structural characterization of AlGaN/AlN Bragg reflector grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Ji X. L. , Jiang R. L. , Liu B. , Xie Z. L. , Zhou J. J. , Li L. , Han P. , Zhang R. , Zheng Y. D. , Zheng J. G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA thirty‐pair AlGaN/AlN distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) targeted at a center wavelength of 320 nm was grown on a 2‐inch sapphire substrate by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). It is free of cracks in the main area of the wafer except for a ∼4 mm periphery observed under optical microscope. The measured reflectance spectrum shows a peak reflectivity of 93% at 313 nm and a bandwidth of 13 nm. Further investigation into the interfaces was performed using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDX). It was found that the constitutional change is abrupt when AlGaN is deposited on an AlN layer but gradual in reverse, which resulted in a stack of quasi‐three‐layer periods and high Al composition and therefore both the center reflectivity and the bandwidth were depressed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrical properties of chlorine‐doped ZnO thin films grown by MOCVD
Authors: Chikoidze E. , Modreanu M. , Sallet V. , Gorochov O. , Galtier P. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractChlorine‐doped ZnO thin films were grown by MOCVD on sapphire and fused silica. Chlorine is incorporated in substitution for oxygen and acts as a donor, leading to an increase of electron concentration. Transport properties were studied for samples with different chlorine content. Hall effect measurements show the increase of electron carrier concentration and decrease of electron mobility on increasing the amount of chlorine incorporated in ZnO. Carrier concentrations as high as 6.5 × 1020 cm–3 has been achieved with a resistivity of ρ = 1.4 × 10–3 Ω cm for layers deposited on sapphire substrate. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improved quality nonpolar a ‐plane GaN/AlGaN UV LEDs grown with sidewall lateral epitaxial overgrowth (SLEO)
Authors: Imer Bilge , Schmidt Matt , Haskell Ben , Rajan Siddharth , Zhong Barry , Kim Kwangchoong , Wu Feng , Mates Tom , Keller Stacia , Mishra Umesh K. , Nakamura Shuji , Speck James S. , DenBaars Steven P. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHigh quality nonpolar a ‐plane GaN templates were grown by utilizing sidewall lateral epitaxial overgrowth (SLEO) technique with threading dislocation density of ∼106–107 cm–2. 360 nm GaN/AlGaN multiple quantum well ultraviolet light emitting diodes were grown with metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Reduced defect density SLEO a‐ plane, planar a ‐plane, and planar c ‐plane templates were co‐loaded for device growth and processed together in order to make relative device performance comparison. For SLEO a ‐plane LEDs E EL peak position was measured at 360 nm and it was independent of drive current. The linewidth of the emission was 7 nm. The series resistance of these diodes was as low as 16.5 Ω and the forward voltage was measured as 4.08 V at 20 mA. The external quantum efficiency of the high quality SLEO a ‐plane devices was ∼275× higher than planar a ‐plane devices. The highest output power was realized at 200 mA as 65 μW. The effect of contact geometry on electrical and optical characteristics of the devices was also discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural properties of GaN and Ga1–xMnx N layers grown by sublimation sandwich method
Authors: Kaminski M. , Podsiadlo S. , Dominik P. , Mizera J. , Wozniak M. , Gebicki W. , Kamler G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe structural properties of GaN and Ga1–x Mnx N layers are reported. The GaN and Ga1–x Mnx N layers were obtained by the sublimation sandwich method (SSM). Electron microprobe measurements detected high Mn concentration of up to 4.0 at% in Ga1–x Mnx N materials. Raman investigations demonstrated that the prepared layers had a well‐ordered structure. The densities of dislocations in the template MOCVD layer, SSM GaN layers and SSM Ga1–x Mnx N layers were 3.9 × 108 cm–2, 1.4 × 108 cm–2 and 3.0 × 109 cm–2, respectively. The AFM studies demonstrated that the GaN RMS roughness increased with the increase in thickness. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Shape effect of microtwins on high‐resolution transmission electron microscope images
Authors: Kuramochi K. , Yamazaki T. , Nakanishi N. , Hashimoto I. , Watanabe K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe shape effect of microtwins on high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images is demonstrated with the help of a detailed comparison between experimental HRTEM images of recrystallized silicon (including many microtwins) and corresponding dynamical simulations. The analysis points to an important fact: The shape effect of microtwins leads to artificial contrasts. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of deuterium and tritium on formation and annealing of vacancy‐type defects in deformed nickel
Authors: Druzhkov A. P. , Arbuzov V. L. , Danilov S. E. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPure nickel and nickel loaded with deuterium or tritium were examined during deformation at 270–300 K to 3–45% and subsequent annealing up to 850 K using the measurements of the electrical resistivity and positron annihilation spectroscopy. Three‐dimensional vacancy clusters were formed during deformation in nickel loaded with the hydrogen isotopes unlike in pure nickel. Vacancy clusters decorated with deuterium or tritium atoms created at room temperature, i.e. below a temperature at which monovacancies, are mobile in nickel. Vacancy clusters decorated with deuterium atoms have two types of atomic configurations or degrees of decoration with the binding energy of 0.73 eV and 1.05 eV, respectively. Only one configuration having the binding energy of 1.05 eV was detected for vacancy clusters decorated with tritium atoms. Possible reasons for different behaviors of vacancy clusters in T‐ and D‐loaded nickel are also discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermoelectric properties of n‐type Mg2Si0.6–ySby Sn0.4 compounds
Authors: Zhang Q. , Yin H. , Zhao X. B. , He J. , Ji X. H. , Zhu T. J. , Tritt T. M. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe thermoelectric properties of n‐type Mg2Si0.6–y Sby Sn0.4 solid solutions with a small Sb‐doping ratio on the Si‐site (y = 0.0–0.015) were prepared by an induction melting/hot‐pressing method. The electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity have been measured as a function of temperature from 300 K to 820 K. A power factor ∼2.28 × 10–3 Wm–1 K–2 at 574 K for y = 0.01, and a dimensionless figure of merit ZT ∼0.68 at 724 K for y = 0.005 are attained. Given the potential of these materials for utilization in thermoelectric devices in a medium temperature range, the thermoelectric compatibility of Mg2Si0.6–y Sby Sn0.4 samples has been also addressed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new architecture for self‐organized silicon nanowire growth integrated on a 〈100〉 silicon substrate
Authors: Buttard D. , David T. , Gentile P. , Hertog M. Den , Baron T. , Ferret P. , Rouvière J. L. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA lithography‐independent method for achieving self‐organized growth of silicon nanowires by means of a Chemical‐Vapor‐Deposition process is investigated using a nanoporous alumina template on a 〈100〉 oriented silicon substrate. The position of the nanowires is determined by the location of gold colloids, acting as catalysts, which are initially deposited at the bottom of the pores over large areas of the sample. The direction of growth is guided by the pore axis, which is perpendicular to the silicon substrate surface. Results from scanning and transmission electron microscopy are presented and discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effect of V addition on magnetic, transport, and microstructural properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3
Authors: Zhao T.‐S. , Li B. H. , Han G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe microstructural, magnetic, and magnetotransport properties of polycrystalline samples with nominal composition of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1–x Vx O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) sintered in air have been investigated. It is found that V could not substitute for Mn to form La0.7Sr0.3Mn1–x Vx O3. The samples contain several phases such as (La, Sr)Mn1–δ O3, LaSr3V3O12, Mn3O4 etc. and constitute multi‐phase composites. The Sr–V‐rich phase form a liquid phase during sintering process and the sintering be long to liquid‐phase sintering, which may effectively promote grain growth of (La, Sr)Mn1–δ O3 phase. The Curie temperature TC and saturation magnetization of the composites decrease with increasing the V content x. The addition of V may effectively improve the low‐field MR response at low temperatures due to the variation in the microstructure of the composites. The MR ratio at a low field of 2 kOe reaches 25% for the x = 0.15 sample at 84 K. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Characterization of electroplated, thick permalloy films
Authors: Getlawi S. , Theis M. , Friedrich S. , Koblischka‐Veneva A. , Koblischka M. R. , Saumer M. , Hartmann U. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractPermalloy (Ni81Fe19) films and foils were fabricated by means of electroplating. Two different types of samples were produced, (i) a patterned permalloy film on a Si wafer (type 1) and (ii) a NiFe foil (type 2), which was separated from the substrate after deposition. The samples were characterized employing magnetic force microscopy (MFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron‐backscatter diffraction (EBSD). On the foil type sample, MFM reveals a maze domain pattern, and on the structured samples (type 1), a Landau domain pattern is obtained. EBSD enables the identification of the permalloy Kikuchi pattern without the effect of a substrate. The analysis reveals randomly oriented grains with a narrow size distribution. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nonlinear‐laser χ(3)‐ and χ(2)‐effects in fine‐grained highly transparent optical Ba(Mg,Zr,Ta)O3 ceramics and their microhardness
Authors: Kaminskii A. A. , Akchurin M. Sh. , Tanaka N. , Eichler H. J. , Rhee H. , Ueda K. , Takaichi K. , Shirakawa A. , Tokurakawa M. , Dong J. , Kintaka Y. , Kuretake S. , Sakabe Y. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe report on laser‐induced χ(3)‐ and χ(2)‐nonlinear generation in novel optical ceramics, Ba(Mg,Zr,Ta)O3, with “disordered” O5h structure, namely high‐order Stokes and anti‐Stokes lasing, third‐ and second‐harmonic generation under one‐micrometer picosecond pumping. Microhardness and fracture toughness were also measured. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magnetic properties of ZnFe2O4 and In‐doped ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Maletin M. , Moshopoulou E. G. , Srdic V. V. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe magnetic behaviour of ZnFe2O4 and Zn0.85In0.15Fe2O4 nanoparticles with diameters of about 4.1 and 3 nm respectively was investigated by dc magnetisation measurements. Both materials are at superparamagnetic state above a blocking temperature of about 25 K and exhibit the collective behaviour of an assembly of single domain ferromagnets below this temperature. In‐doping results in a decrease of the magnetisation and increase of coercitivity of the nanoparticles. This observation implies that, besides size, doping causes also significant structural rearrangements which in turn induce changes in the strength and the number of Fe3+(A)–O–Fe3+(B) superexchange interactions. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermionic and tunneling transport mechanisms in graphene field‐effect transistors
Authors: Ryzhii Victor , Ryzhii Maxim , Otsuji Taiichi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe present an analytical device model for a graphene field‐effect transistor (GFET) on a highly conducting substrate, playing the role of the back gate, with relatively short top gate which controls the source–drain current The equations of the GFET device model include the Poisson equation in the weak nonlocality approximation. Using this model, we find explicit analytical formulae for the spatial distributions of the electric potential along the channel and for the voltage dependences of the thermionic and tunneling currents. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Properties of post‐annealed ZnO films grown with O3
Authors: Kim H. S. , Lugo F. , Pearton S. J. , Norton D. P. , Ren F. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe properties of ZnO thin films grown with ozone are examined. Annealing studies were performed on ZnO films grown by pulsed‐laser deposition using either O2 and an O2/O3 gas mixture as the oxidant. The carrier density of ZnO films grown with pure O2 generally decreases upon annealing in 1 atm O2. In contrast, the n‐type carrier density for ZnO films grown with O2/O3 mixture gas increased with O2 annealing. The results indicate that acceptor states, created via growth in ozone, are annihilated with post‐annealing. This suggests that the ozone‐related acceptor states are metastable. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis of ZnO whiskers with different aspect ratios by a facile solution route
Authors: Xie Juan , Li Ping , Wang Yanji , Wei Yu 
Published: May 2008

AbstractMonodispersed zinc oxide (ZnO) whiskers with different aspect ratios were successfully prepared via a simple solution route at low temperature. It is found that the diameter and aspect ratio of ZnO whiskers depend critically on the structure and type of ionic surfactant added in the reaction solution. To further understand the effect of the surfactants on the formation process of ZnO whiskers, concentration measurements of Zn(II) remaining in the solution as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses of the solid product have been made at regular intervals throughout the reaction with and without the surfactants. A possible formation process has been reasonably suggested based on these systematic experimental results. It is believed that anion surfactants are capable of slowing down the nucleation and growth rate of ZnO crystallite, which is favorable for the anisotropic growth habit of ZnO crystal to form needle‐like whiskers. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A morphological and microstructural study of flame‐sprayed zinc coatings on low‐alloyed steels as a contribution to explaining their corrosion resistance
Authors: Chaliampalias D. , Vourlias G. , Pistofidis N. , Stergioudis G. , Polychroniadis E. K. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractZinc is an ideal coating material for steels because it offers simultaneously cathodic and barrier protection. Several processes have been developed to provide zinc coatings. Thermal spraying is widely used due to the fact that it is simple, quick and effective. The present work deals with the morphology, the structure and the corrosion performance of zinc coatings deposited with thermal spraying. The study was performed with scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction, while microstructural characterization was accomplished with transmission electron microscopy. Finally, corrosion tests were performed with exposure of the coated samples in a salt‐spray chamber. From the microstructural investigation it was deduced that before corrosion the as‐produced coatings are mainly composed of zinc, while zinc oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in their mass. After corrosion tests it was found that zinc flame‐sprayed coatings provide adequate corrosion protection because the corrosive elements did not penetrate the coating or reach the substrate. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Magneto‐capacitance study of an n‐AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction supporting a sizable dc current
Authors: Kawazu T. , Sakaki H. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe magneto‐capacitance between the gate and the two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channel has been investigated in a selectively doped n‐AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction with feeding a sizable current to the 2DEG channel. By measuring and analyzing the differential capacitance Cmeas and longitudinal resistance Rxx, we found that Cmeas includes extrinsic oscillatory components resulting from Rxx and showed how the intrinsic component Cint of the capacitance is extracted from Cmeas. The capacitance Cint was examined as a function of the magnetic field B around BL = 3.75 T, which corresponds to the filling factor ν = 4 of the Landau levels. We found that Cint gets very close to the zero‐field capacitance C0 when the deviation ΔB = |B ‐BL | exceeds ∼ 0.1 T, while Rxx remains zero over a wider range of B (between 3.6 and 3.9 T). This suggests that an incompressible region percolates through the channel and forms a path, even when compressible regions spread over the most region of the sample. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Site‐controlled InGaAs quantum dots grown on a GaAs multi‐faceted microstructure for single photon emissions
Authors: Chang Hsiang‐Szu , Hsu Chieh‐Ming , Yang Ming‐Hui , Hsieh Tung‐Po , Chyi Jen‐Inn , Hsu Tzu‐Min 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis study demonstrates the single photon emissions form site‐controlled InGaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown on an apex plane of a GaAs multifaceted structure by pattern‐growth techniques, multifaceted structure comprises the top (001) plane, and {111} and {011} side wall facets. The QDs formed on the apex plane rather than the side wall facet because the growth rate of apex plane is exceeded that of side wall facet. Microphotoluminescence (μ PL), μ PL excitation (μ PLE) and theoretical calculations are adopted to estimate the growth rate of the {111} ({011}) facets as ∼82% (∼69%) lower than that of the (001) plane. Since the (001) plane growth rate is higher than that of the side wall facets, the QDs can be carefully controlled. This method is effective in the fabrication of a single photon source. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Control of shell filling with Coulomb interaction in quantum dots side‐coupled to quantum wires
Authors: Otsuka Tomohiro , Abe Eisuke , Iye Yasuhiro , Katsumoto Shingo 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe report the control of the orbital occupation by using the intra‐orbital Coulomb interaction in quantum dots Tcoupled to quantum wires. With the change of the confinement potential, intra‐orbital Coulomb interaction exceeds orbital level spacing and influences the orbital occupation. We realize such potential modification by changing either the gate design or the voltages applied to the gates. The rearrangement of the orbital occupation is confirmed from the response of the addition energy spectroscopy to the magnetic field. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)