bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors of cervical lesion among married women with low socioeconomic status: a study based on a cervical cancer screening program
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Wang Haoyue , Ding Ruoxi , Li Wen , He Ping , Li Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Although China has a high incidence of cervical cancer, the screening rate is very low in women aged 35–64 years.
Object:
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cervical lesions in married women with low socioeconomic status, and the related risk factors to provide evidence for the development of cervical cancer prevention strategies.
Methods
We obtained data from the Cervical Cancer Screening Program database of Jinan, Shandong Province in 2020. Descriptive analysis was employed to estimate the prevalence of cervical lesions. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to investigate the association between the related variables and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
Results
Among 142677 women aged 35–64 years, 787 (0.55%) cervical lesions were detected, of which 503(0.35%) were CIN Ⅰ, 254(0.18%) were CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ, and 30(0.02%) were invasive cervical cancer. Being in the age group of 35–44 years (vs 55–64 years, Odds Ratio OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.03–1.72), high or technical secondary school level education (vs primary or below, OR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.13–1.90), living at higher level regions of economic development (vs living at lower level regions of economic development, OR = 1.40, 95%CI:1.16–1.68), and abnormal leukorrhea (vs normal leukorrhea, OR = 1.61, 95% CI:1.07–2.41) were associated with increased risk of cervical lesions. Menopause was found to be protective (vs no menopause, OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.94).
Conclusions
Married women with lower socioeconomic status had a lower prevalence of cervical lesions but had a higher prevalence of cervical cancer. Those aged 35–44 years, with high or technical secondary school level education, living at higher level regions of economic development, with abnormal leucorrhea, and who were pre-menopausal were at higher risk for cervical lesions. Cervical cancer screening and prevention for these women should be strengthened.
Reproductive Health Literacy and Associated Factors among High School Adolescents in Boke District, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Batu Getachew Bejiga , Oljira Lemessa , Sisay Mekonnen , Kebira Jemal Yusuf 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Health literacy has recently attracted global interest in public health. Sexual and reproductive health literacy, in particular, affects people's ability to make sound sexual and reproductive health decisions and is shown as a strong predictor of adolescent sexual and reproductive health outcomes. This study aimed to determine the reproductive health literacy status and associated factors among high school adolescents in Boke District, Oromia Region, Eastern Ethiopia.
Methods: Institutional-based Cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years from January 1-5, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. Pre-tested, structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were entered using Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were executed. The model fitness and Multicollinearity were checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fitness test and variance inflation factor, respectively. The significant statistical association was determined at a P-value <0.05 using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI.
Results: The study revealed that the overall prevalence of adequate reproductive health literacy among adolescents was 18.4% with a 95% CI (14.8%-22.5%). Female sex was about 52% times (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.88) less likely to have adequate reproductive health literacy status. School adolescents never attending reproductive health topics in class were about 56% times (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.84) less likely to have adequate reproductive health literacy status. School adolescents who never used reproductive health services ever were also about 60% times (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.70) less likely to have adequate reproductive health literacy status.
Conclusion: The finding of this study showed a large proportion of school adolescents have limited reproductive health literacy, suggesting school adolescents are at higher risk of reproductive health literacy-related problems. Thus, efforts should be made to improve adolescent reproductive health literacy with due attention to school sexual and reproductive health education.
Transcriptome revealed the role of autophagy in nitrite oxidative stress of Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Lin Xinghao , Liu ZhengXinYu , Chen JiaQian , Dong BeiBei , Liang QingJian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nitrite constitutes a significant pollutant that impedes the growth of P. vannamei. Conventional treatments are primarily geared toward decreasing nitrite concentrations from an environmental standpoint. Nevertheless, investigating methodologies to enhance the ability of shrimp to withstand nitrite-induced stresses on an individual basis remains an unexplored topic. The present study examines the impact of autophagy on shrimp’s response to high nitrite environments through rapamycin injection. The research findings indicate that activating autophagy can effectively enhance the survival rate of shrimp under high nitrite conditions. Additionally, total hemocyte count (THC) results in the hemolymph demonstrate that autophagy can alleviate the reduction in blood cell count caused by nitrite stress. The transcriptome results show that up-regulation of 718 genes and down-regulation of 1,071 genes after nitrite stress. Most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after nitrite stress were related to physiological processes, including oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and lysosomes. Compared with nitrite stress, there are 911 up-regulated genes and 713 down-regulated genes activated by autophagy, which are related to immune response, specifically involving glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, lysosomes, autophagy, phagosomes, and MAPK signaling pathways. These pathways can reduce oxidative stress and promote the metabolism of harmful substances in the body, in shrimp, thereby improving their survival rates. These findings provide new insights for research aimed at enhancing nitrite tolerance in shrimp.
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of improved electrochemical performance of vanadium and zinc co-doped Ni-rich oxide cathode materials: Experimental and first-principles study
Authors: Usman Ahmad , Murtaza G. , Ayyaz Ahmad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Ni-rich transition metal-based oxide materials have excellent electrochemical properties that make their specific discharge capacity and voltages suitable as cathodes in Li-ion batteries. This current investigation uses solid-state synthesis to create a variety of Ni-rich metal oxide cathode materials, including vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) co-doped LiNiO2. XRD analysis demonstrates that the synthesized materials exhibit a stable hexagonal structure with an R3m space group. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) reveal the production of well-shaped particles with different doping concentrations, while Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) mapping validates the presence of Ni, V, Zn, and O with the correct compositions. Selected area electron diffraction (SEAD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirm that the synthesized polycrystalline LiNi0.80Zn0.06V0.14O2 cathode material has crystals organized in a hexagonal phase. Structural properties are calculated by Wien2K code forms the hexagonal supercell structure using density functional theory (DFT). The spin-polarised electronic band structures and density of states (DOS) are calculated for all given compounds showing the ferromagnetic nature. The theoretical discharge capacity and intercalation voltages are determined by adding up the total energies of the optimized compounds. Theoretical calculations and experimental results both examined Ni-rich co-doped Zn and V transition metal oxides as potential materials for fabricating coin cells in next-generation batteries.
Primary Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT) Carcinoma of the Lung: Clinical, Genetic, and Pathological Characterization
Authors: Qu Jingjing , Chen Zhen , Zhu Yanping , Huang JinYan , Shen Qian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Nuclear protein in testis(NUT) carcinoma of the lung is an extremely rare malignancy, predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults, and is associated with poor prognosis. To date, no comprehensive review has synthesized clinical, imaging, pathological, and genetic features, as well as management strategies for patients with primary NUT carcinoma of the lung.
Method: This study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of five adult patients with pulmonary NUT carcinoma treated at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, between 2020 and 2023. Clinical, imaging, pathological, and genetic data were collected and analyzed. Treatment decisions, therapeutic responses, and overall survival (OS) were closely monitored. Additionally, tumor genome sequencing data were subjected to a thorough analysis.
Results: The median age at diagnosis for patients in this cohort was 44 years (range: 20–74 years), with 60% (3/5) testing positive for the BRD3-NUTM1 fusion gene. Most patients (60%, 3/5) had a confirmed distant metastasis status based on pathology or imaging at the time of diagnosis. In all cases, the primary lung mass was centrally located, predominantly in the lower lobes. Airway neobiological masses were the primary manifestations in two patients, while three cases showed bilateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis revealed that all patients were positive for P40 or P63. Among the five patients, patient 1 received chemotherapy, resulting in an OS of only 10 months. Patients 2 and 4 underwent chemoimmunotherapy, achieving OS durations of 15 and 8 months, respectively. Patients 3 and 5 underwent surgery due to early diagnosis, resulting in OS durations of more than 9 and 28 months, respectively.
Conclusion: Diagnosis and management of NUT carcinoma of the lungs pose significant challenges. IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and RNA-sequencing play crucial roles in distinguishing poorly differentiated lung squamous cell carcinoma from NUT carcinoma. Surgical resection substantially improves survival rates for patients with early-stage NUT midline carcinoma of the lung. However, for those with advanced pulmonary NC, specialized nationwide clinical studies are imperative, as current treatment modalities are unlikely to achieve long-term survival.
lncRNAs ITFG2-AS1 and MMP25-AS1 have significant high-expression in gastric cancer patients as the potential diagnostic biomarkers: integrated bioinformatics and experimental investigation
Authors: Mohebi Fatemeh , Zamanzadeh Zahra , Abkar Morteza , Azadeh Mansoureh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
The third most frequent cause of cancer-related death is gastric cancer (GC). Recent studies have reported that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) seem to play a crucial role in many tumors. Due to their extraordinary stability, long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have the potential to be employed as biomarkers to identify the presence and prognosis of GC. In this study, we performed an integrated bioinformatics and experimental approach to evaluate the expression and interaction of two novel lncRNAs in the GC samples.
Methods
Bioinformatics analyses was performed to demonstrate the lncRNA expression profile of gastric cancer patients. Microarray data analysis was executed by R Studio, using affy and limma packages. Validation of gene expression analysis was carried out by ENCORI online database. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using enrichr and Reactome. Protein interaction analysis was performed by STRING. LncRNA interaction analysis was carried out by lncRRIsearch. RT-qPCR experiment was implemented for validation. Using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), correlation, and t-tests, the biomarker potential of selected lncRNAs, co-expression of selected lncRNAs, and the differences in the expression level of GC samples have been investigated, based on qRT-PCR experiment.
Results
Microarray analysis revealed that ITFG2-AS1 (logFC: 2.25, adj. P. Val: 0.00029) and lncRNA MMP25-AS1 (logFC: 2.25, adj. P. Val: 0.0026) have a significant high-expression in GC samples. RT-qPCR experiments validate the up-regulation of MMP25-AS1 and ITFG2-AS1. Based on the ROC test, ITFG2-AS1 could be a significant diagnostic biomarker of GC (AUC: 0.7225, p-value: 0.0161). ITFG2-AS1 and MMP25-AS1 have a significant co-expression in human GC samples (r: 0.9086, p-value < 0.0001). ITFG2-AS1 and MMP25-AS1 regulate the RPGR expression level of RPGR gene. RPGR is a crucial gene in the “Cilium Assembly signaling pathway”. The expression level of ITFG2-AS1 has a non-significant negative correlation with the survival rate of GC patients.
Conclusion
ITFG2-AS1 and MMP25-AS1 could be considered as the two potential diagnostic GC biomarkers with significant low expression in tumor samples.
Electron probe microanalysis of trace sulfur in experimental basaltic glasses and silicate minerals
Authors: Johnson Anna , Dasgupta Rajdeep , Costin Gelu , Tsuno Kyusei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sulfur (S) in the mantle is conventionally assumed to be exclusively stored in accessory sulfide phases, but recent work shows that the major silicate minerals that comprise &gt;99% of the mantle could be capable of hosting trace amounts of S. Assessing the incorporation of trace S in nominally S-free mantle minerals and determining equilibrium S partitioning between these minerals and basaltic melt requires analyzing small experimental phases with low S contents. Here, we develop a protocol for EPMA analysis of the trace levels of S in silicate phases. We use a suite of natural and experimental basaltic glass primary and secondary standards with S contents ranging from 44 ppm to 1.5 wt%. The effects of beam current and counting time are assessed by applying currents ranging from 50 to 200 nA and total counting times between 200 and 300 s at 15 kV accelerating voltage. We find that the combination of 200 nA beam current with a 200 s counting time (80 s peak, 60 s each for upper and lower background, respectively) achieves precise yet cost-effective measurements of S down to a calculated detection limit of ~5 ppm and a blank-derived, effective detection limit of ~17 ppm. Close monitoring of the S peak intensity and position throughout the duration of each spot also shows that high currents and extended dwell times do not compromise the accuracy of measurements, and even low S contents of 44 ppm can be reproduced to within one standard deviation. Using our developed recipe, we analyzed a small suite of experimental clinopyroxenes (Cpx) and garnets (Gt) from assemblages of silicate partial melt + Cpx ± Gt ± sulfide, generated at 1.5 to 3.0 GPa and 1200 to 1300 °C. We find S contents of up to 71 ± 35 ppm in Cpx and 63 ± 28 ppm in Gt and calculate mineral-melt partition coefficients (Dsmin/melt) of up to 0.095 ± 0.064 and 0.110 ± 0.064 for DsCpx/melt and DsGt/melt, respectively. The sulfur capacity and mineral-partitioning for Cpx are in good agreement with SXRF measurements in a prior study by Callegaro et al. (2020), serving as an independent validation of our EPMA analytical protocol.
The Sustainable Project Manager: Constructing the Water Systems of the Future
Authors: Ingildsen Pernille , Thorkilsen Mette 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As our planet faces increasing challenges from sustainability-related crises such as droughts, floods and deteriorating water quality, the demand for resilient and eco-intelligent water systems has never been more pressing. This book is a much-needed guide for professionals in the water sector exploring how to navigate the intersections between sustainability, leadership, and project management. It is an essential blueprint for professionals ready to reshape the future of water.
Equipped with decades of cumulative expertise in project management and environmental sustainability, the authors present a comprehensive framework for leading complex water-related projects with a commitment to making enduring contributions to the future of the water industry everywhere. This manual provides essential knowledge and fosters an appreciation for water stewardship and sustainability, emphasising the delicate balance between human needs and natural water ecosystem needs.
Through a series of exercises, readers are encouraged to reflect on their project management practices and develop a personal leadership philosophy grounded in sustainability. The book offers practical strategies for systematic project execution suited for real-world applicability. It enables readers to foster cohesive team dynamics and achieve remarkable outcomes through co-creative work.
The responsibility for pro-active handling of current and future sustainability crises lies to a great extent with water professionals. This book is a ‘call to action' to elevate your professional value and make a tangible, positive difference in the world. Join us on this journey towards a better, more sustainable future, one project at a time.
Tracing the pathways: the journey of emerging contaminants from wastewater into the environment
Authors: Tripathy Purusottam , Juneja Charu , Sharma Abhishek , Prakash Om , Pal Sukdeb 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are pervasive in the environment and have gained more prominence over the past few years. ECs such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disrupting compounds, and their active congeners, whose occurrences at trace levels in untreated/treated wastewater are detrimental to human health and the natural biota. The search for these chemicals’ origins has frequently led to wastewater treatment facilities as a portal of entry for pollutants into the environment. Emerging pollutants enter wastewater via a variety of routes, including hazardous spills, farm runoff, excretion via urine and feces, and consumer product disposal and usage. Another source could be items like shampoo, toothpaste, soap, and disinfection washes which contain biologically active components that, when used, release these pollutants into the sewage system and are subsequently transferred to a wastewater treatment plant. Since these contaminants were introduced or detected relatively recently, there is an existential knowledge gap about their fate, impacts, and behaviors, as well as treatment strategies for their effective removal. The word “emerging pollutants,” which is frequently used in environmental debates, refers to new health risks that emerge as a result of microlevel exposure to existing pollutants. Emerging contaminants have a variety of physicochemical characteristics that influence their exposure, fate, persistence, and toxicity in the environment. In the present chapter, a brief overview of emerging pollutants, their main categories, occurrences, points of discharge, and toxicity in natural and engineered systems will be provided, followed by an illustration of physicochemical properties and detected micropollutant concentrations that have raised concerns in recent years. This chapter also focuses on existing research that provides credible and quantitative information on ECs in various water sources, as well as the removal efficacy of different treatment techniques for different emerging contaminants.
Interpretable GBDT model-based multi-objective optimization analysis for the lateral inlet/outlet design in pumped-storage power stations
Authors: Guo Ganggui , Liu Yakun , Cao Ze , Zhang Di , Zhao Xiukui 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The uneven velocity distribution formed at the lateral inlet/outlet poses a significant risk of damaging the trash racks. Reasonable design of the inlet/outlet structures requires the consideration of two major aspects: the average velocity (Vm) and the coefficient of unevenness (Uc). This paper developed an optimization framework that combines an interpretable Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (SOBOL-GBDT) with a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). 125 conditions are simulated by performing CFD simulations to generate the dataset, followed by GBDT implemented to establish a nonlinear mapping between the input parameters including vertical (α) and horizontal (β) diffusion angles, diffusion segment length (LD), channel area (CA), and the objectives Uc and Vm. The SOBOL analysis reveals that in Uc prediction, CA and α play more significant roles in the model development compared to β and LD. Besides, GBDT is observed to better capture interactive effects of the input parameters compared with other machine learning models. Subsequently, a multi-objective optimization framework using GBDT-NSGA-II is developed. The framework calculates the optimal Pareto front and determines the best solution using a pseudo-weight method. The results demonstrate that this framework leads to significant improvements in flow separation reduction in the diffusion segment and the normalized velocity distribution. The SOBOL-GBDT-NSGA-II framework facilitates a rational and effective design of the inlet/outlet.
An inflection point-based method for estimating metrics of mangrove phenology combining climatic factors and Landsat NDVI time series
Authors: Manne Mounika , K. Rajitha 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The present research evaluated the prospects of utilizing rainfall and temperature combined with Landsat-8 derived HANTS (Harmonic Analysis of Time Series) reconstructed NDVI for estimating the metrics of the mangrove phenology. The selected period of the study was from 2013 to 2020 for the Pichavaram mangroves of Tamil Nadu. The NDVI and ERA5 (ECMWF Re-Analysis) datasets of rainfall and temperature were the input datasets for developing the new algorithm. The ‘z-score sum’ provided a measure of the cumulative impact of rainfall and temperature, displaying its most negative value coinciding with the peak positive value of the NDVI time series datasets. The algorithm developed for phenological metrics estimation identified the common inflection points of the z-score sum and NDVI curves. The temporal analysis of metrics revealed the average Length of Season (LoS) as 230 days. The metrics also identified the drought year 2016 with the shortest LoS and the least Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) values. The analysis showed the influences of the preceding year’s monsoon rainfall on the GPP values of the later part of the phenological cycle. The temperatures during the days of PoS were found to be the optimum temperature for the growth of mangroves.