bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERKONEKSI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DAN SAINS DI SMA ISLAM AL AZHAR 09 YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Salim Ahmad , Mukhibat Mukhibat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The aim of this study is to describe the interconnection between Islamic Religious Education and science to enlarge the student‟s quality achivement at SMA Islam Al Azhar 09 Yogyakarta. It is used Amin Abdullah‟s discourse (interconnected), data were collected by observation and in-depth interview toward selected respondents. The result of research reveal it is run according to the goal and curriculum, students have holistic competency in PAI dan science, although obstacles were encountered in its aplication.
Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan interkoneksi Pendidikan Agama Islam dan sain guna peningkatan kualitas out put siswa di SMA Islam Al Azhar 09 Yogyakarta. Memanfaatkan kajian teorinya Amin Abdullah (Interconnected) data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap responden yang terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses interkoneksi PAI dan sain di SMA Islam ini telah berjalan sesuai tujuan dan kurikulum yang ada, sehingga siswa dapat memiliki out put yang holistik terkait dengan pemahaman PAI dan sain, meskipun juga ditemui beberapa kendala terhadap penerapannya.
A consolidação do mundo da arte do jazz em Portugal: condições e contextos contemporâneos
Authors: Baptista Bruno 
Published: March 2024

Analisamos o recente processo de consolidação do mundo da arte do jazz em Portugal. Para ilustrar as suas dinâmicas e fragilidades serão analisadas as principais transformações no mundo da arte e nos contextos dos seus agentes a partir das representações de 45 músicos a quem foram aplicadas entrevistas compreensivas. Mostramos que a consolidação deste mundo é um processo ambivalente e ambíguo, devido a processos de evolução desnivelados entre os seus agentes, o que resulta na necessidade de um desdobramento em multipapéis por parte dos músicos e na prevalência de desigualdades e competição pelos recursos disponíveis.
Identification and validation of an endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-related gene signature as an effective diagnostic marker of endometriosis
Authors: Wang Tao , Ji Mei , Sun Jing 
Published: March 2024

Background
Endometriosis is one of the most common benign gynecological diseases and is characterized by chronic pain and infertility. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a cellular adaptive response that plays a pivotal role in many cellular processes, including malignant transformation. However, whether ER stress is involved in endometriosis remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the potential role of ER stress in endometriosis, as well as its diagnostic value.

Methods
We retrieved data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Data from the GSE7305 and GSE23339 datasets were integrated into a merged dataset as the training cohort. Differentially expressed ER stress-related genes (DEG-ERs) were identified by integrating ER stress-related gene profiles downloaded from the GeneCards database with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the training cohort. Next, an ER stress-related gene signature was identified using LASSO regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the constructed model, which was further validated in the GSE51981 and GSE105764 datasets. Online databases were used to explore the possible regulatory mechanisms of the genes in the signature. Meanwhile, the CIBERSORT algorithm and Pearson correlation test were applied to analyze the association between the gene signature and immune infiltration. Finally, expression levels of the signature genes were further detected in clinical specimens using qRT-PCR and validated in the Turku endometriosis database.

Results
In total, 48 DEG-ERs were identified in the training cohort. Based on LASSO regression analysis, an eight-gene-based ER stress-related gene signature was constructed. This signature exhibited excellent diagnostic value in predicting endometriosis. Further analysis indicated that this signature was associated with a compromised ER stress state. In total, 12 miRNAs and 23 lncRNAs were identified that potentially regulate the expression of ESR1, PTGIS, HMOX1, and RSAD2. In addition, the ER stress-related gene signature indicated an immunosuppressive state in endometriosis. Finally, all eight genes showed consistent expression trends in both clinical samples and the Turku database compared with the training dataset.

Conclusions
Our work not only provides new insights into the impact of ER stress in endometriosis but also provides a novel biomarker with high clinical value.
Foreign advisors and capacity building: The case of Kenya
Authors: Cohen John M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractApproximately 100,000 foreign advisors work in the public sectors of Sub‐Saharan African countries at an annual cost of more than $4 billion. The numbers, range of services, and costs of such advisors increased during the 1980s while at the same time donors launched new efforts to build professional capacity in the African civil service. Based on a study of advisors and their counterpart economists in Kenya's Ministry of Planning and National Development, this article addresses three important questions: what are the functions carried out by advisors in the development ministries?; why is it so difficult to retain skilled professionals in the civil service?; and how does the provision of advisors affect the retention of skilled government officers?
Institutional contexts of environmental management: Water pollution control in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Lo Carlos Wing‐Hung , Tang Shui‐Yan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn the past decade, Guangzhou (Canton), China, has produced mixed results in water pollution control: it has been successful in limiting pollution from industrial sources than from domestic ones. This article examines the case by reference to a growing body of literature in institutional analysis. The central arguments are that institutions affect the governance and management of natural resources by allocating decision‐making authorities among different individuals, agencies and levels of governments, by affecting whether rules and regulations can be effectively enforced and by creating different incentive structures. These arguments help to explain the divergent governmental efforts and outcomes in the two types of water pollution control in Guangzhou. The article concludes by discussing the case's theoretical and practical implications.
One‐Pion Exchange Model in the Vector Theory for the Reaction πN → πN. The Present Status. Connection with the Absorption
Authors: Achasov N. N. , Shestakov G. N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn the present paper it is shown that the Born diagram model with an overall phenomenological form factor suggested in papers [2, 3] on the basis of the ideas of universal interaction of Q‐meson with hadrons describes well the experimental data on the reaction π−p → Q°n in a wide range of energies 2.7 GeV/c ≦ QL ≦ 17 GeV/c at small momentum transfers |t| ≦ 0.2 (GeV/c)2. The connection of the Born diagram model with the other high energy models is considered. On one hand, we show that the absorption account in many respects, though not literally, comes to forming an overall form factor. On the other hand, the normalization of amplitudes of the traditional absorptive one‐pion exchange models to the Born diagrams at t = 0 lays on the absorptive parameters the condition σtotC/8πA = 1 corresponding to the total absorption of the low partial waves. In this case the one‐pion exchange models with absorption coincide at all t with the Born diagram model with absorption and the reaction aplitudes are independent of a choice of the initial vector theory Lagrangian.
Human–computer interaction in safety critical systems
Authors: Leathley Bridget A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIncreased dependence on computers in safety critical industries means increased dependence on a smaller number of people—both the users of computer systems, and those responsible for their design and production. Reliability and integrity of such systems can be enhanced without large overall increases in costs by looking critically at the human‐computer interaction early in the design phase. In this paper, a selection of human factors principles are applied to safety critical system design. This includes making systems easier to learn to use, reducing alarm overload, matching the design of menus to the task, consistency and modality.
A neural network model for the mechanism of selective attention in visual pattern recognition
Authors: Fukushima Kunihiko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWhen a complex figure consisting of two or more patterns is presented, we, as human beings, can selectively concentrate on these patterns one at a time, and recognize individual patterns in turn. At the same time, we can separate a component of the pattern being recognized, and extract it from the rest of the figure. Even if one of the patterns on which we are concentrating contains noise or defects, we can recall a complete pattern from which the noise and the defects have been eliminated. It is not necessary for perfect recall that the stimulus pattern be identical in shape to the pattern which we learned. Even though the pattern is distorted in shape or changed in size, we can recognize it and eliminate defects by interpolation. During the process of interpolation, we make full use of even slight traces in the defective parts of the pattern on which we are selectively concentrating, and recall the perfect original pattern. A model which performs this function of the human brain, that is, of the function of the selective concentration in visual pattern recognition, is proposed, and its behavior is demonstrated by computer simulation. The model consists of a hierarchical neural network which has efferent connections between cells.
Evaluative cognition and attention allocation in human interface
Authors: Matsui Nobuyuki , Bamba Eiichi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates evaluative cognition and attention, which are the most important human abilities required in the manmachine system. A mathematical model for the evaluative cognition is proposed, and an effort is made to describe clearly the basic relation between the evaluative cognition based on the importance of several simultaneously presented information data and the attention allocation based on the result of the evaluative cognition. The information cognition space is introduced into the model to represent the state which describes the human information cognition. In the space, the information is compressed into the set of information expectation values, and then the evaluative cognition is performed. The allocation of attention is formulated as the ratio of the object information expectation values to the sum of the presented information expectation values. By the proposed evaluative cognition model, a clearer theoretical basis is provided for the attention allocation model. To verify the validity of the attention allocation model, a psychological experiment was made in which several figures are presented for a short interval (0.5 s). The results of experiment agreed almost completely with theoretical values, indicating the validity of the theory.
Page‐number of hypercubes and cube‐connected cycles
Authors: Konoe Michiko , Hagihara Ken'Ichi , Tokura Nobuki 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBy the book embedding of a graph is meant a procedure to place the vertices of a graph along the spine of a book and to draw the edges in several pages, where the edges in a page should not cross each other. By the page‐number of a graph is meant the minimum number of pages needed in the book embedding. This paper discusses the page‐numbers of the d‐dimensional hypercube (CUBEd) and the d‐dimensional cube‐connected cycles (CCCd, h) with length h, which are considered as interesting as the processor network configuration for the parallel computer. It is already known that the upper and lower bounds of the page‐number of CUBEd(d≥1) are d and d/4, respectively. This paper shows that the page‐number of CUBEd is exactly max{d‐1, 1}, and the upper bound of the page‐number of CCCd,h (h≥3, h≥d≥1) is max{d ‐ 1, 1}. The page‐number of the graph can be utilized in the evaluation of the practical realizability of the processor network graph on WSI. In other words, the result in this paper can be used as an evaluation measure for the circuit scale, when the processor network with hypercube or cube‐connected cycles topology is to be realized on WSI.
American Relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979–1981
Authors: Rubin Barry 
Published: July 2007

The triumph of the Khomeini forces and of the Iranian revolution in February 1979, sweeping away the old imperial regime and the transitional Bakhtiyar government, marked the beginning of a highly critical period in American-Iranian relations. The conflict culminated in the seizure of the American embassy in Tehran and in the holding of U.S. diplomats as hostages for well over a year. The hostage issue was the most controversial question for U.S. foreign policy in 1980 and marked a historic low point in relations between the two countries.From the viewpoint of most Iranian leaders, this battle was an inevitable one. Based on their perceptions of bilateral relations over the previous three decades, Ayatollah Khomeini and his supporters expected a deterministically hostile United States. In their eyes, Washington had provided the main foreign support for the shah, a regime for which their passionate hatred can scarcely be overstated, and had tried to prevent the revolution's triumph.
Generic Experimentation and Social Content in Nader Ebrahim's Ten Short Stories
Authors: Ghanoonparvar Mohammad R. 
Published: July 2007

In modernist Persian literature there are at least two important features shared by the majority of contemporary Iranian poets and writers, namely, experimentation with form and social commitment in content. Experimentation with novelistic technique, narrative voice, and colloquial and literary language characterizes the works of such authors as Sadeq Chubak, Ebrahim Golestan, and Hushang Golshiri in fiction; and a continuing search for new means of poetic expression pervades the poetry of Ahmad Shamlu, Yadollah Ro'ya'i, and Ahmad Reza Ahmadi, among others. Furthermore, the content of this literature is almost always implicitly and often explicitly engagé, with engagement or social commitment broadly defined to include the author's choice of subject matter and conscious or subconscious treatment of the shortcomings of society and of the hardships of the individual or the masses.Nader Ebrahimi (b. 1936), one of the most prolific yet least studied writers of the 1960s and 1970s, is by no means an exception in this regard.
Tahereh Saffarzadeh: From the Wasteland to the Imam
Authors: Alishan Leonardo P. 
Published: July 2007

Tahereh Saffarzadeh is the only major Iranian poet who sees the afflictions of contemporary Iran in terms of a spiritual wasteland and turns to Islam as the sole cure for those ethical and sociopolitical afflictions. This essay examines Saffarzadeh's conviction that faith is the only source of deliverance from the wasteland of contemporary Iran.Saffarzadeh (b. 1936) was born in Sirjan, where she lived through her high school years. Then she went to Shiraz to study English language and literature at Pahlavi University, receiving her B.A. in 1958. In 1962 she published her first collection of poems, Rahgozar-e Mahtab [The Passerby of Moonlight], under the pen name of “Mardomak” [Pupil of the Eye].The poems of The Passerby of Moonlight, composed during the period from 1956 to 1962, are mainly love lyrics in the chaharpareh quatrain form.
The Iranian Navy in the Gulf during the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Floor Willem 
Published: July 2007

In the 18th century, rather remarkably, Iran formed a navy. Up to that time the shahs of Iran had relied on other powers to maintain security in the Persian Gulf. The dominant naval power in the gulf during the 16th century was Portugal, while the Dutch, and to a lesser extent the English, were supreme during the 17th and the beginning of the 18th centuries. Because Iran's southern borders were safe and secure after the conquest of Hormoz in 1622, it did not need a navy. Hence, Iran relied for a time on the Dutch and the English to maintain security in the gulf.English naval assistance in the conquest of Hormoz set the pattern for the next century. This reliance on other powers for maintenance of security in the gulf proved to be a workable policy as long as there was no real threat to Iran's coastal borders in the south.
Italian Scholarship on Iran (An Outline, 1557–1987)
Authors: Piemontese Angelo 
Published: July 2007

The origins of Iranian studies in Italy go back to the second half of the sixteenth century, when there developed a scholarly approach based on a recognition of Persian linguistic and literary evidence. The modern course of scholarly understanding was preceded, and prepared, by a process of political observation and geographical discovery of Iran, which began exactly a century before, with the accession of Uzun Hasan Aqqoyunlu (1457-1478).Iran had then emerged as an autonomous power which on its western frontier contested the power of the Ottoman Empire. Mehmet Fatih, the conqueror of Constantinople (renamed Istanbul) in 1453, was the great rival both of Iran and of Venice for the control of traffic and commerce between Asia and the Mediterranean. Hence the Papal State, interested in the salvation of souls, and the Republic of Venice, the hegemonical maritime power of the Mediterranean's eastern basin, established close diplomatic relations and pacts of alliance first with Uzun Hasan and then with the Safavids.
Oriental Studies in Tajikistan
Authors: Aini K. S. , Maltsev Y. S. 
Published: July 2007

A major impetus was given to scholarly research in Tajikistan first with the founding of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1924 and then in 1929 with the creation of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. This is particularly true in the field of oriental studies, but before we survey the modern state of the field in the Republic, it is worth casting a glance back over the previous centuries during which scholarship evolved.The traditions of Tajik orientalism are rooted in the long, rich sociopolitical history of the peoples of Central Asia. The formation and development of Tajik orientalism in all its manifold aspects -- historical, geographical, philosophical, socio-economic, ethnic, and linguistic -- went hand in hand with the formation of a Tajik state system, and with the spread of the Farsi-Dari (Tajik) language throughout the regions of Mawarannahr and Khurasan as the main component of the national culture of the Tajik people.
Tamerlane and the Symbolism of Sovereignty
Authors: Manz Beatrice Forbes 
Published: July 2007

The great nomad conqueror Timur set out to conquer the whole of the former Mongol Empire and almost succeeded. Although the dynasty he founded lasted a relatively short time, he became a legendary figure within the Turco-Mongolian tradition of the Middle East and Central Asia, the subject of an elaborate myth connecting the Timurid dynasty with that of Chinggis Khan.The dynastic claims formulated by Timur's successors remained alive and relevant to those within the tradition up to the nineteenth century. Timur's myth assumed its final form well after his death, but it had its origins in Timur's own formulation of his legitimacy and his personality as a ruler.Timur's achievements as the founder of a dynasty and a myth are the more impressive because he operated under severe restraints within both the traditions to which he belonged, the Turco-Mongolian and the Islamic.
Centralizing Reform and its Opponents in the Late Timurid Period
Authors: Subtelny Maria Eva 
Published: July 2007

The disintegration of the Timurid empire after the death of its founder, Timur, in 807/1405 followed the normal pattern for Central Asian nomadic empires based on a military tribal elite. The charismatic Timur had exercised a tight hold on the government of his realm, mainly as a result of the highly personal nature of his rule and the flexibility which the absence of a formal administrative apparatus afforded him. But, after his death, the traditional Turko-Mongol concept that territory was held collectively by the patriarchal, agnatic clan and that all lineal male descendants shared the right to claim political sovereignty over it, reasserted itself.This corporate claim to sovereignty created a free-for-all situation in which individual members of the princely Timurid clan clamored to assert their claims to rule in the steadily shrinking territory under Timurid control, frequently resorting to the time-honored steppe tradition of guerilla struggle (qazāqliq) .
Magical Realism in Moniru Ravanipur's Ahl‐e gharq
Authors: Rahimieh Nasrin 
Published: July 2007

Moniru Ravanipur began her literary career in 1989 with the publication of her first collection of short stories, Kanīzū. The same year she published her first novel, Ahl-e gharq. Since then she has completed two other novels, Del-e fūlād and Kowlī kenār-e ātesh, another collection of short stories, Sang-e shaytdn, occasional stories for children, and a compilation of southern Iranian legends and beliefs, Afsānehā va bāvarhā-ye jonūb. Her fictional works are almost all set in the Persian Gulf region and center around local myths and legends. The language of Ravanipur's literary production also bears the distinct mark of her regional dialect, which as a native of the village of Jofreh (also the setting of her first novel) she maintained after moving to Shiraz, where she eventually received a degree in psychology from Shiraz University.For Ravanipur, writing is inextricably linked with her littoral linguistic and cultural heritage.
Sunni Survival in Safavid Iran: Anti-Sunni Activities during the Reign of Tahmasp I
Authors: Johnson Rosemary Stanfield 
Published: July 2007

It has traditionally been taught that Iran, a Sunni polity for many centuries, was converted to Twelver Shi'ism virtually overnight when the armies backing the Safavid house took power in 907/1501. In recent years scholars have begun to question the manner and rapidity of the process of conversion, what it meant to be “Shi'i” or “Sunni” in sixteenth-century Iran, and what, if anything, can be said about Safavid Sunnism.It has been noted that Sunnism in Iran was phased out only gradually. For example, there are references in the Persian chronicles to persecution of Sunnis as late as 1017/1608. Some sources suggest that Sunni influence persisted at the court of Shah Tahmasp and name prominent Sunnis during his reign. As late as the second decade of the eighteenth century, the conqueror of Isfahan, Mahmud Afghan, attempted to alter the balance of population in the city by relocating 5,000 Sunni families from Hamadan.
OPERATION GROGCOUNT: THE ROUTINE RECORDING OF ALCOHOL INTAKE AT ROYAL NEWCASTLE HOSPITAL
Authors: O'Neill Pat , Walsh Raoul 
Published: July 2007

AbstractOperation Grogcount, a scheme which involves the compulsory, routine recording of alcohol intake of all adult in‐patients, was commenced at Royal Newcastle Hospital in 1979. The effect of this scheme on the alcohol recording rate is reviewed and the difficulties encountered outlined. Operation Grogcount has doubled the percentage of files containing a quantitative assessment of alchol consumption. It has also increased the identification rate of hazardous drinkers. Suggestions are made for extending the impact of Operation Grogcount on identified hazardous drinkers.