bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloning and expression profile of the alanine aminotransferase gene from kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus exposed to different salinities
Authors: Koyama Hiroki , Yamashita Kyoko , Narita Hinano , Hiraoka Haruki , Sasaki Yuka , Kamiya Kanna , Yamakawa Rin , Kuniyoshi Hisato , Piyapattanakorn Sanit , Watabe Shugo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeveral crustaceans including shrimps change the amount of specific free amino acids to regulate the osmotic pressure in their bodies. Kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus also increases the concentration of alanine (Ala) in the abdominal muscle following the increase of environmental salinity. In the present study, to elucidate the mechanisms of changes in Ala accumulation of kuruma shrimp depending on salinity, we cloned the gene encoding alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an enzyme involved in Ala biosynthesis, and examined its expression profile. It was found that the full‐length kuruma shrimp ALT1 cDNA consisted of 3,301 bp, encoding 514 amino acids, and that all amino acid residues important for ALT activity were conserved. Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that the ALT gene cloned in this study was classified as ALT1. Moreover, we examined the expression levels of the ALT1 gene in the abdominal muscle and the hepatopancreas of kuruma shrimp acclimated at 17‰, 34‰, and 40‰ salinities, resulting that the mRNA levels of the ALT1 genes in both tissues of the shrimp acclimated at 40‰ were significantly higher than those at 17‰ for 12 h (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of the ALT1 gene in the abdominal muscle of the shrimp acclimated for more than 24 h tended to increase following the increase of environmental salinity. These results indicate that ALT1 is responsible for the increase of free Ala concentration in the abdominal muscle of kuruma shrimp to regulate osmotic pressure at high salinity.
Global value chains and economic growth: A study of resilience during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jangam Bhushan Praveen , Venkatesh Hari , Tiwari Aviral Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis research examines the impact of trade related to global value chains (GVCs) and the COVID‐19 pandemic on economic growth. To achieve this, we analyse a panel of 60 countries spanning from 2007 to 2021. Various models are estimated using the system generalized method of moments technique. The primary findings are as follows: Firstly, GVC trade is identified as a positive and beneficial factor influencing economic growth. Secondly, the interaction between COVID and GVCs reveals that GVCs continue to have a positive impact on economic growth even during the pandemic. Lastly, consistent and comparable results are observed across different GVC components, sectors and country groups. These outcomes provide valuable insights for policymakers, emphasizing the importance of GVC trade in fostering economic growth.
Estimated cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in the general population of the United States and Canada
Authors: Dana Flanders W. , Lally Cathy , Dilley Anne , Diaz‐Decaro John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeroprevalence data for cytomegalovirus (CMV), a widespread virus causing lifelong infection, vary widely, and contemporary data from the United States (US) and Canada are limited. Utilizing a modeling approach based on a literature review (conducted August, 2022) of data published since 2005, we determine age‐, sex‐, and country‐specific CMV seroprevalence in the general US and Canadian populations. Sex‐specific data were extracted by age categories, and a random‐effects meta‐regression model was used to fit the reported data (incorporating splines for the US). Seven studies reported US CMV seroprevalence (both sexes, aged 1‒89 years); all used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Due to limited population‐based studies, Canadian estimates were modeled using other limited country data. In both countries, modeled seroprevalence estimates increased with age and were higher in females versus males (US: 49.0% vs. 41.6% at 18‒19 years; 61.5% vs. 50.0% at 38‒39 years; Canada: 23.7% vs. 13.7% at 18‒19 years; 32.6% vs. 22.6% at 38‒39 years). Notably, by young adulthood, one‐half of US and one‐quarter of Canadian females have acquired CMV. The observed differences in CMV seroprevalence in the US and Canada may partially reflect variations in general population characteristics.
Juveniles, young adults, and infants with hepatitis B virus infection: A genomic study
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Li Meina , Liu Huijuan , Dong Yi , Li Weijie , Zhao Pan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA into the human genome is recognized as an oncogenic factor and a barrier to hepatitis B cure. In the study, biopsy liver tissues were collected from adolescents and young adults with acute HBV infection younger than or equal to 35 years of age and from HBV‐infected infant patients younger than or equal to 6 months of age. A high‐throughput sequencing method was used to detect HBV DNA integration. Totally, 12 adolescents, young adults, and 6 infants were included. Among the 12 patients with acute HBV infection, immunohistochemical staining of intrahepatic hepatitis B surface antigen for all displayed negative results, and no HBV DNA integrants in the hepatocyte DNA were confirmed. All infant patients had elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and high levels of serum HBV DNA. Numerous gene sites of hepatocyte DNA were integrated by HBV DNA for each infant patient, ranging from 120 to 430 integration sites. The fragile histidine triad gene was the high‐frequency integrated site in the intragenic region for infant patients. In conclusion, hepatocyte DNA is integrated by HBV DNA in babies with active hepatitis B but seems seldom affected among adolescents and young adults with acute HBV infection. Infantile hepatitis B should be taken seriously considering abundant HBV DNA integration events.
Cultivating optimal analgesic prescribing practices in a metropolitan hospital network: evaluating an analgesic stewardship program
Authors: Szmerling Jeremy , Maleki Sam , Mar Gordon , Goulopoulos Anne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing incidence of opioid‐related harm associated with inappropriate opioid prescription underscores the need for effective interventions directed at enhancing analgesic prescribing practices. Analgesic stewardship (AGS) programs have emerged to facilitate appropriate analgesic use, reducing analgesic‐related harm and optimising patient outcomes.AimThis study aimed to assess the impact of an AGS program on the appropriateness of opioid analgesia prescribing for adult inpatients within a metropolitan health network during the initial two months following program implementation.MethodThis retrospective audit examined de‐identified aggregate data of 100 adult inpatients of a major Australian metropolitan hospital network between August–September 2022. The multidisciplinary AGS program involving pharmacy, nursing, and medical staff provided clinical interventions and recommendations for patients, supported by organisational interventions, including education and guideline reinforcement. Data collection included patient demographics, clinical data, and AGS program recommendations documented in patient medical records. Ethical approval was granted by the Eastern Health Office of Research and Ethics (Reference no: QA23‐015‐91886) and the study confirms to the Australian Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research.ResultsIt was found that 51% of opioid‐naïve patients were prescribed modified‐release opioids for acute non‐cancer pain, contrary to local guidelines. The AGS program recommendations resulted in an 89.7% cessation of these prescriptions. For non‐opioid‐naïve patients, there was a statistically significant reduction in mean Oral Morphine Equivalent Daily Dose of 19.85 mg (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.3–29.4 mg, p < 0.05). AGS recommendations were predominantly adhered to, with 82% showing full or partial compliance.ConclusionThis study highlights the positive impact of an AGS program on the appropriateness of opioid analgesic prescribing for adult inpatients. These findings support the implementation of AGS programs into healthcare systems to mitigate opioid‐related harm and improve patient outcomes.
Visceral leishmaniasis as a rare cause of granulomatous hepatitis
Authors: Ben Sabbahia Dalal , Atrassi Meriem , Msaaf Halima , Chahid Imane , Khoaja Ayoub , Bennani Nissrine , Karkouri Mehdi , Abkari Abdelhak 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal infection caused by species of Leishmania. It is characterized by fever, weight loss, anemia, and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Hepatitis due to VL is one of the causes of granulomatous hepatitis rarely described in the literature. It poses a problem of differential diagnosis with other causes, notably infectious and autoimmune. Hence the need for a global clinical, biological, and histological evaluation to orientate this entity, especially in endemic countries like ours. In the present case study, a 2‐year 8‐month‐old boy was diagnosed with VL and treated with meglumine antimoniate; the evolution was marked after 2 months by the persistence of a large liver; laboratory results showed elevated liver functions and anemia. A liver biopsy was performed, and the histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of granulomatous hepatitis.
Chemical kinetic model reduction based on species‐targeted local sensitivity analysis
Authors: Wu You , Lin Shengqiang , Law Chung K. , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReduction of large combustion mechanisms is usually conducted based on the detection and elimination of redundant species and reactions. Reaction elimination methods are mostly based on sensitivity analysis, which can provide insight into the kinetic system, while species elimination methods are more efficient. In this work, the species‐targeted local sensitivity analysis (STLSA) method is proposed to evaluate the importance of species and eliminate non‐crucial species and their related reactions to simplify kinetic models. This paper comprehensively evaluates the effectiveness of STLSA across various combustion scenarios, including high and low‐temperature ignition and laminar flame speed, using diverse mechanisms like USC Mech II, JetSurf 1.0, POLIMI_TOT_1412, NUIGMech1.1 and so on. Comparisons with graph‐based methods, such as DRG and DRGEP, highlight STLSA's superior efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, STLSA is compared to species‐targeted global sensitivity analysis (STGSA), demonstrating significant computation cost savings and comparable model reduction capabilities. The study concludes that STLSA is a robust and versatile tool for mechanism reduction, offering substantial improvements in computational efficiency while maintaining high accuracy in predicting key combustion properties.
Factors Associated with Research Productivity and National Institutes of Health Funding in Academic Otology
Authors: Revercomb Lucy , Patel Aman M. , Tripathi Om B. , Filimonov Andrey 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesBibliometrics, such as the Hirsch index (h‐index) and the more recently developed relative citation ratio (RCR), are utilized to evaluate research productivity. Our study evaluates demographics, research productivity, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding in academic otology.MethodsAcademic otologists were identified, and their demographics were collected using institutional faculty profiles (N = 265). Funding data were obtained using the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Reports Database. The h‐index was calculated using Scopus and mean (m‐RCR) and weighted RCR (w‐RCR) were calculated using the NIH iCite tool.ResultsH‐index (aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.10–1.27, p < 0.001), but not m‐RCR (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 0.97–2.31, p = 0.069) or w‐RCR (aOR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.00, p = 0.231), was associated with receiving NIH funding. Men had greater h‐index (16 vs. 9, p < 0.001) and w‐RCR (51.8 vs. 23.0, p < 0.001), but not m‐RCR (1.3 vs. 1.3, p = 0.269) than women. Higher academic rank was associated with greater h‐index and w‐RCR (p < 0.001). Among assistant professors, men had greater h‐index than women (9.0 vs. 8.0, p = 0.025). At career duration 11–20 years, men had greater h‐index (14.0 vs. 8.0, p = 0.009) and w‐RCR (52.7 vs. 25.8, p = 0.022) than women.ConclusionThe h‐index has a strong relationship with NIH funding in academic otology. Similar h‐index, m‐RCR, and w‐RCR between men and women across most academic ranks and career durations suggests production of similarly impactful research. The m‐RCR may correct some deficiencies of time‐dependent bibliometrics and its consideration in academic promotion and research funding allocation may promote representation of women in otology.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 134:3786–3794, 2024
Free flap reconstruction of elbow soft tissue defects: Lessons learned from 15 years of experience
Authors: McGraw J. Reed , Sulkar Reena S. , Bascone Corey M. , Othman Sammy , Mauch Jaclyn T. , Naga Hani I. , Levin L. Scott , Kovach Stephen J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe elbow is a complex joint that is vital for proper function of the upper extremity. Reconstruction of soft tissue defects over the joint space remains challenging, and outcomes following free tissue transfer remain underreported in the literature. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the rate of limb salvage, joint function, and clinical complications following microvascular free flap coverage of the elbow.MethodsThis retrospective case series utilized surgical logs of the senior authors (Stephen J Kovach and L Scott Levin) to identify patients who underwent microvascular free flap elbow reconstruction between January 2007 and December 2021. Patient demographics and medical history were collected from the medical chart. Operative notes were reviewed to determine the type of flap procedure performed. The achievement of definitive soft tissue coverage, joint function, and limb salvage status at 1 year was determined from postoperative visit notes.ResultsTwenty‐one patients (14 male, 7 female, median age 43) underwent free tissue transfer for coverage of soft tissue defects of the elbow. The most common indication for free tissue transfer was traumatic elbow fracture with soft tissue loss (n = 12, [57%]). Among the 21 free flaps performed, 71% (n = 15) were anterolateral thigh flaps, 14% (n = 3) were latissimus dorsi flaps, and 5% (n = 1) were transverse rectus abdominis flaps. The mean flap size was 107.5 cm2. Flap success was 100% (n = 21). The following postoperative wound complications were reported: surgical site infection (n = 1, [5%]); partial dehiscence (n = 5, [24%]); seroma (n = 2, [10%]); donor‐site hematoma (n = 1, [5%]); and delayed wound healing (n = 5, [24%]). At 1 year, all 21 patients achieved limb salvage and definitive soft tissue coverage. Of the 17 patients with functional data available, 47% (n = 8) had regained at least 120 degrees of elbow flexion/extension. All patients had greater than 1 year of follow‐up.ConclusionMicrovascular free flap reconstruction is a safe and effective method of providing definitive soft tissue coverage of elbow defects, as evidenced by high rates of limb salvage and functional recovery following reconstruction.
The Wind Is Always Blowing: Generative Crosscurrents of Ethnographic Dialogue in Australia
Authors: Curkpatrick Samuel , Wilfred Daniel 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTLive conversations and writing play an important role in ethnographic research that seeks to develop understanding across cultural differences. Both forms of communication need not remain distinct: written dialogue can develop critical thought while foregrounding the shared contexts and relational impetuses of communication across cultures. Set against the background of recent styles in ethnographic writing about and with Yolŋu people, this article extends from conversations about wata (wind), exploring collaborative practices (music performance and teaching) and approaches to writing ethnography that respond to a core quality of wind as a medium that connects. Wata is a significant theme within manikay (public ceremonial song) that connects Wägilak with their ancestral lands, even as it blows through the country of other groups, allowing new relationships and understandings to be formed. Giving rise to concerns of connection, difference, and movement, wata is a significant theme for considering the ways narrative traditions can shape relationality and give impetus to intellectual inquiry.
Development and characterization of microwave‐processed linear low‐density polyethylene based sisal/jute hybrid laminates
Authors: Maurya Hari Om , Kumar Gaurav , Prasad Lalta , Gupta Pranjal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNatural fiber‐reinforced composites are gaining significant popularity for their biodegradability and eco‐friendliness. Fiber modifications and hybridization have been used to address issues like hydrophilicity and fiber inhomogeneity. However, efficient manufacturing is still a challenge for natural fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. The present study explores the potential of microwave processing of hybrid laminates composed of sisal and jute fibers. The laminates, consisting of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) as matrix and sisal and jute as reinforcement materials were subjected to microwave processing at specific power, time, frequency, and loads. Four types of laminates with different stacking sequences: sisal‐sisal‐sisal (SSS), sisal‐jute‐sisal (SJS), jute‐sisal‐jute (JSJ), and jute‐jute‐jute (JJJ) were developed. The developed composites showed ~3% void content, with the SJS and JSJ composite having the least and highest void content, respectively. The SJS composite showed the highest tensile and flexural strength of 15.27 and 20.40 MPa, respectively, out of all the configurations and an improvement of 42% and 85% over pure LLDPE. Hybrid composites having high‐strength fibers in the skin layer exhibited superior mechanical properties. Microscopic examination of the fractured specimens revealed that fiber pull‐out and fiber breakage were the primary failure mechanisms of failure. Lateral failure due to delamination between matrix and fiber was predominant with grip and gauge regions as frequent failure points. The incorporation of sisal and jute fiber reinforcement into the polymers doesn't change the thermal stability of the fabricated composites significantly. The above results show that microwave‐assisted processing is a promising method for producing natural fiber‐reinforced hybrid polymer composites.Highlights
Development of hybrid laminates using microwave energy at 2.45 GHz.
The mechanism of microwave‐based processing of polymer composites has been discussed.
Effect of layering sequence on mechanical and thermal properties of the developed composite.
Assessment of tensile strength with morphology, flexural strength and thermo‐gravimetric analysis.
“Always online”: How and when task interdependence and dispositional workplace anxiety affect workplace telepressure after hours
Authors: He Xiaoyan , Gao Qin , Cao Ya , Bian Ran , Wang Xiao‐Hua (Frank) 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInformation and communication technology (ICT) provides employees with convenience in communication. However, it also creates a preoccupation with and urges to respond quickly to work‐related ICT messages during nonworking time, which is defined as workplace telepressure after hours (WTA). Drawing on the job demand–resource model, conservation of resource theory, and workplace anxiety theory, this study explores how and when task interdependence and dispositional workplace anxiety affect WTA and how individuals cope with WTA. A total of 269 full‐time workers from an online survey panel completed questionnaires at three time‐points. We found that both task interdependence and dispositional workplace anxiety are positively related to WTA. The perception of pay‐for‐responsiveness moderates the relationship between task interdependence and WTA, such that the relationship is significant only for employees with a strong perception of pay‐for‐responsiveness. Others' approval contingency of self‐worth moderates the relationship between dispositional workplace anxiety and WTA, and the relationship is significant only for employees with high degrees of others' approval contingency of self‐worth. Finally, WTA arising from external work requirements or the internal pursuit of achieving work goals prompts employees to generate responsiveness coping strategies. Overall, these findings suggest that task interdependence and dispositional workplace anxiety are important factors affecting employees' WTA and highlight the importance of being responsive to WTA.
Cross‐sectional analyses of factors associated with the presence and aggravation of chronic insomnia by symptom subtypes
Authors: Osao Masumi , Okajima Isa , Inoue Yuichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the association of psychological and chronobiological factors with the presence and severity of chronic insomnia by symptom subtypes and their impacts on daytime dysfunctions.MethodsParticipants of the present web‐based epidemiological study were classified as follows: difficulty initiating sleep (DIS) (n = 91); difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) (n = 13); early morning awakening (EMA) (n = 48); DIS + DMS (n = 67); DIS + EMA (n = 23); DMS + EMA (n = 24); triplet of DIS, DMS, and EMA symptoms (TRP) (n = 69); and normal sleepers (n = 4590). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), insomnia‐related psychological measures (including the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test [FIRST] and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale [DBAS]), and the cognitive and somatic domains of the Pre‐Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS) were evaluated.ResultsThe presence of DIS and DIS + DMS were significantly associated with an evening preference, and EMA and EMA + DMS with a morning preference, while TRP showed no significant association with either chronotype. The increase in DBAS scores was associated with higher ISI scores in all subtypes. Meanwhile, the associations of each psychological measure varied among insomnia subtypes, with the association of PSAS cognitive arousal to DIS and PSAS somatic arousal to both DMS + EMA and TRP. Pathological HADS score was associated with all subtypes.ConclusionChronotypes may be associated with the presence of some insomnia subtypes; however, only psychological factors were speculated to contribute to the aggravation of all subtypes. All insomnia subtypes possibly contribute to the formation of depression.