bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Proactive Community Medical Services Plan in Georgia
Authors: Clyde J. David , Mamulaishvili Zaza , Bentsen Lan , Thoem Terry 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Oil & Gas industry has stated that health of employees and local communities is a core element of sustainable development. Working with communities to improve their health delivery capabilities through training, systems and equipment, a company can create an infrastructure and culture that can be sustained after the initial company sponsorship.
The Health Assessment for Frontera operations in Georgia found that the local medical resources lacked equipment to provide a level of care meeting western standards needed to support large field operations. Critical care equipment at the regional hospital was unreliable or non-functional and medical supplies were extremely limited. The hospital building was old and needed significant repair.
The Health Assessment also identified an infant mortality rate of 36 deaths per 1,000 live births in the country. Lack of equipment, inadequately trained medical providers, and lack of communications from rural areas all contributed to a dysfunctional system. Failure in the triage system in the rural areas also contributed to the problem.
Frontera devised a "proactive community medical/health services plan" that would benefit the region. Elements of the plan were: 1) to provide limited renovations to the hospital facility, 2) to provide some critical care equipment (e.g. life monitor, defibrillator, sterilizer) for use with both the local population and the field workers, 3) to develop a mobile prenatal care service to area villages, 4) to provide updated training in high-risk obstetrical care to a few providers for the program, and 5) to improve the telecommunications between the regional medical center and the tertiary care facilities in Tblisi.
Our paper will discuss this process of identifying needs, coordination with local and central health personnel, community and company representatives to devise a community medical/health plan that is cost-effective, practical and sustainable.
Cleanup of Offshore Emulsion Spill, an Experimental Approach
Authors: Zekri Abdulrazag Y. , Chaalal Omar , Ghannam Mamdouh 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
An emulsion leak during offshore oil production operations is a real problem facing the oil industry. No work has been reported in the literature covering a technique for offshore emulsion spill cleanup. A vacuum collection system was used in this project to study the possibility of mechanical removal of emulsion spills. The system consists of sea water unit, emulsion-collecting system, vacuum unit, and air distributors. A number of operating parameters were tested such as air flow rate 0.0167×103-0.15×103 m3/sec), emulsion spill thickness (0.6-3.5 mm), the height of water column in the emulsion removal system (0.40-0.85 m), and the collection unit hole size and density. The system has been tested before for the oil spill and found to be simple, fast cleaning process, efficient with minimum cost. The results of this study indicated that hole density in the collection unit has an affect on the emulsion cleanup process; and increasing the air flow rate increases the amount of emulsion removed from the system until a certain rate at which the opposed effect was observed, i.e. the studied system exhibited an optimum air flow rate for the collection of emulsion. In addition to that, the height of the water column has an effect on the cleaning process, an optimum water column height is needed to be determined for any designed emulsion removal system similar to the system used in this study.
Organization Design Considerations for Effectively Addressing HSSE Program Requirements in Oil and Gas Operations
Authors: Moreau R. L. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
A key to effectively addressing health, safety, security, environmental, and regulatory (HSSE) program requirements in oil and gas operations is to first have in place effective and structured management systems that provide for continuous and visible management commitment and leadership throughout the organization, especially at the senior management level. The success of these programs is a direct result of line execution effectiveness, which in turn influences the HSSE organizational model that is in place to support them.
The objective of this presentation will be to discuss factors that should be addressed when developing a HSSE organization and staffing plan for a new organization. These factors can also be applied to an existing HSSE organization to improve its effectiveness. One of the factors will be the importance of setting up a HSSE organization that provides the appropriate level of support to the business unit while still maintaining line management responsibility and accountability for HSSE program implementation and performance. Other items that will be discussed include the importance of identifying key HSSE considerations, drivers and challenges early in the process to ensure that staffing and training needs are identified early in the process. The paper will then address the importance of establishing the appropriate metrics to continually measure the effectiveness of the organizational model and its strategies.
Safe Working Load vs. Maximum Gross Weight: How Much Can We Lift Safely?
Authors: Hamzah Nurul Ezalina , Karuppiah K. Samunathan , Hashim M Shahrizal , M Ali Azhar 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd (PCSB) had been using only Safe Working Load (SWL) as a guideline to lift the load of a container in the cargo lifting operation in Peninsular Malaysia Operations. The standard of practice which required only SWL visibly marked on the container, was used widely in offshore and onshore operations until the recent findings of the latest release of British Standard EN 12079:1999 which detail out a few more important piece of information that should be displayed on the container. The old practice required only SWL visibly marked and this practice had generated a lot of confusions among the personnel and crane operators that dealt with lifting activities. Furthermore, due to the lack of written standards and procedures, some of the containers were marked with either or both Maximum Gross Weight (MGW) and SWL. The crane operators had to use their own judgments to execute the lifting operation. Aside from that, safety was also at stake because a lot of the containers were poorly marked and missing other crucial information such as load test certification.
Efforts were taken to correct this practice by strictly following the standards and proper documentations were prepared as a guideline to all personnel. The new BS 12079 requires all offshore containers to have a plate attached to the container that bears the information of serial number, MGW, tare mass, payload, certification number and design temperature. By having this information, the safety during cargo lifting operations was improved and personnel involved gained more comprehension of the lifting guidelines.
This paper presents the lesson learnt regarding the disadvantages of the old practice and steps taken to improve the cargo lifting safety in PCSB by introducing and implementing the new BS 12079.
The Value of Adding Curative Malaria Kits to Management Programs for Prevention of Falciparum Malaria Among People Working in Malarious Countries for a Major Oilfield Service Company—A Web-Based Survey
Authors: Berg Johannes , Roukens Anna H. , Barbey Alex , Visser Leo G. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
In this cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire, we evaluated the performance indicators of a comprehensive malaria management program that includes the provision of curative malaria kits (CMKs) to non-immune employees working for a major oilfield service company who are potentially exposed to falciparum malaria. In addition, the program's effect on employee knowledge level, employee satisfaction with the program, and the use of self-diagnosis and standby treatment were evaluated. Furthermore, we also evaluated the program's possible influence on adherence to malaria prophylaxis. Due to a lack of studies about the risk of malaria in long-term residents, which causes difficulties for health professionals when advising this group, we also attempted to calculate the absolute risk for this group of respondents.
2552 employees who were exposed to malaria responded. Regarding preventive measures, 70% (1127 of 2465) of respondents reported chemoprophylaxis use during the time they were considered to be at risk. The respondents receiving training and a CMK reported a higher use of malaria prophylaxis and had more knowledge of malaria. The rapid self-diagnostic malaria test was used by 35% (602 of 1703) of the respondents who received the Curative Malaria Kit. One third of all respondents visited a doctor for malaria symptoms during the last 24 months. Almost half of hospitalizations of respondents who visited a doctor because of malaria symptoms were due to malaria (according to doctors’ diagnoses).
This survey shows the importance of providing instructions for the rapid malaria diagnostic test and the use of curative malaria medication, and demonstrates the clear benefits of a comprehensive program for controlling the risk for malaria in this population.
Health Risk Assessment (HRA) Software
Authors: Saada Gabriel , Mika Frano , De Sanctis Sabatino 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Nowadays Health Risk Assessment is part of project's activities in Oil and Gas Industry. To deal with this issue in a standardized, efficient and effective way Saipem developed in-house dedicated software. This HRA software provides a framework to identify health hazards, evaluate health risks, identify exposed persons and determine appropriate control and recovery measures with the overall intent of protecting employees’ health.
Health hazards are grouped into physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic/psychosocial and geographical categories. The authors are briefly presenting the use of the software and the training system of the personnel envisaged to use it.
Saipem innovating approach consists of developing and implementing a standardized process, reachable and sharable through intranet, that will help to create in few days an interactive, specific project tailor made web database, for health risks management and occupational illness prevention. As all data related to health hazards are already included in the central server database, the team developing the HRA has to select the country where the project is located to have automatically the geographical hazards all the personnel is exposed to, then to choose the specific hazards to which employees are exposed to and automatically will have "route of exposure", "consequences" and the "potential hazard and harm rating before mitigation" for each specific hazard. The next step is to choose, among the ones already proposed in the system, the appropriate "control" and "recovery measures", to mention the "frequency" and "duration" of exposure and to "evaluate the risk after mitigation". Going to the field the team will have to evaluate the HRA prepared and to ensure that all "hazards" have been identified and assessed, all "functions" covered, to check the effectiveness of the actual "control" and "recovery" measures in place and then to draw a "Remedial Action Plan (RAP)" based on a gap analysis. Regular yearly review will be carried out as part of the formal review process of the suitability and effectiveness of the HSE-MS; in addition, any significant change which may impact on health risk will trigger a review of the HRA. The team can also consult all previous HRAs conducted on other similar projects.
Occupational doctors, evaluating the medical fitness, can consult the HRA prepared on a specific worksite and understand the health risks to which the employee they are checking is exposed to.
Performed and structured using the developed software the HRA becomes not only "user friendly" but also easy to interpret and manage by the Project Managers. It is also time, efforts and costs saving contributing thus to improve the cost-effectiveness of the project.
The Benefits of Anti Malarial Chemoprophylaxis Concerning OffShore Activities In High Risk Malaria Areas
Authors: Mika Frano , De Sanctis Sabatino , Nicosia Vincenzo , Vasile Catalin , Dalida Ronan 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Malaria still represents an important health problem for all companies which operate in high-risk malaria areas. Different malaria management strategies have been developed, most of them focused especially on prevention.
Among malaria preventive measures, chemoprophylaxis is considered to be the most efficacious1. Its effectiveness is estimated to about 93%2. That means that approximate 7% from exposed people to malaria could get the disease instead of taking chemoprophylaxis.
The key point of chemoprophylaxis effectiveness is represented by the individual compliance, especially when a long lasting regimen is necessary3.
Individual compliance could be reinforced using many methods. Among them, the policy of compulsory anti-malarial chemoprophylaxis (further called compulsory regimen) is frequently applied to employees. This kind of measure seems to be benefic for onshore activities but its advantage is disputable when is applied for offshore activities. Some authors suggest that taking anti-malarial medications only prior to travel may prevent more possible malarial events by improving traveler's compliance4. Moreover, the improper use of anti-malarial drugs is direct related to increased resistance of Plasmodium species to available drugs5.
e-SHRIMP: One Year On
Authors: Finney R. W. , Campbell J. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The Environmental, Social and Health Risk and Impact Management Process (e-SHRIMP) was developed by a taskforce1 of the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (OGP). It delivers additional value in Oil and Gas projects through enhanced quality, consistency and industry alignment. It builds on good practice and shared learning of a number of OGP member companies and presents a lifecycle environmental assessment and management approach. This enables not only OGP members but other smaller and national oil and gas companies to benefit from industry experience.
Formally launched in 2007 at the OGP HSE Management Workshop in Delhi and presented at the Asia-Pacific SPE HSE Conference in Bangkok, e-SHRIMP has now been available to OGP Members and other users for one year. This presentation will demonstrate the essential features and values of the product and focus on how e-SHRIMP has been applied though the HSE Management Systems of OGP member companies, report user experience and identify potential aspects for future improvement and refinement. Early identification of project risks or opportunities;Linking ESIA with project decision-making;Integration of the ESIA into the engineering design process to mitigate impacts;A consistent process to aid delivery on time and on budget;A structured framework for contract awards;Enhancing corporate memory by the application of experience and learning andEnhanced shareholder confidence.
Entry to e-SHRIMP is through a signposted matrix which maps project lifecycle phases against key environmental, social, health, risk impact categories. Underpinning the matrix is a ‘toolbox’ of work aids and practical tools, which prompt the user with checklists, specimen Scopes of Work and additional guidance. In contrast to other high-level guidance, e-SHRIMP takes a pragmatic approach and offers a comprehensive and flexible assessment process, an environmental issue assurance plan and generic guides and tools. It is supported by a set of Annexes which include a User Guide and Glossary of Definitions.
The common set of tools can be shared and flexibly custom-fit to the user's specific project. The structured approach will establish a valuable platform in company projects, Joint Ventures and help to define clear project HSE requirements for Contractors.
Health, Safety & Environmental Performance Data Mining Using Statistical Implicative Analysis
Authors: Gallerati Piergiorgio 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
In the framework of data mining, this work aims to discover new and useful knowledge from huge databases of employees' HS&E (health, safety and environmental) performances. The new approach presented in this work is the use of the Statistical Implicative Analysis, which is an original statistical method based on implication intensity measure, dedicated to rule extraction and analysis.
While classical statistical methods can very well describe the distribution of a variable or the intersection of two variables, it appears to have limitations when treating multidimensional data, and in general is not fit to present an overall view of the analysis performed. Statistical Implicative Analysis can give impressive results with multidimensional data and can reveal relationships of intersection and similarity among variables.
Statistical Implicative Analysis is used in this work to extract cause-effect relationships, with the overall aim of understanding the HS&E performances of employees and to target goals and initiatives accordingly. It will seek to demonstrate an improvement over prior methods in terms of achieving useful data mining for the purpose of developing more effective solutions.
In an intrinsically hazardous industry, a better understanding of these processes has the potential to lead to improved safety methods, reduction of costs due to poor or improper practices, and, most importantly, fewer injuries and fatalities.
Global Statistics From Spreadsheets to "WOW" Reports
Authors: Speidel Durwin , Wedel Frederick L. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
Over the years, small- and medium-sized oilfield service companies have struggled with gathering information for the accurate reporting of data from their global field locations. Many of their customers require, as a condition of continuing business with them, to accurately report global statistics in a timely manner. Until deployment of their new system, this has been a laborious process, with no meaningful information shared inside the company. The objective of this paper is to describe how an oilfield service company transitioned from a prior system of pouring over hundreds of spreadsheets to a timely, useful, and informative global internet data-gathering system. By taking the necessary steps to bring the system into the modern age, they not only satisfy their customers' expectations in this area, but have been able to leverage the information to continuously improve their company programs.
The transition from collecting data from spreadsheets to using a global system has been a paradigm shift for some. This paper will share the good and the bad stories related to this paradigm shift, as well as the solutions found that worked. The paper explores the evolution of this modern technology as it applies to health, safety and environmental data gathering. Finally, the challenges still to come are discussed such as underreporting, over reporting, the validation of data, the effects of "real time" and changing data and the inconsistency of definitions for such things as injuries and motor vehicle crashes/severity. Through the use of their global system and building "WOW" reports their journey to accurate, real-time statistics has become a reality.
Making Human Rights Training Accessible: The IPIECA Human Rights Training Toolkit for the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Social Responsibility Working Group _ 
Published: April 2008

Abstract
The oil and gas industry operates in some of the most challenging places in the world and faces complex human rights related issues both at home and abroad. These issues include dealing with local conflict, corruption, indigenous rights, labour rights and managing relationships with governments and a range of external stakeholders.
In 2006, the International Petroleum Industry Conservation Association (IPIECA) produced the Human Rights Training Toolkit, a collaborative effort by members of the Social Responsibility Working Group in sharing expertise and practices to develop an industry-wide training template. It was created to promote human rights awareness within the petroleum industry, focusing on awareness and education, identification of risks and opportunities, and practical actions related to implementation. The training template is comprised of a presentation, workbook, trainer's manual and a resource guide. This paper will describe the content of the training materials and initial learnings gained by individual companies who have begun integrating the Toolkit into their human rights awareness activities.
The Toolkit draws on existing public materials where possible and includes an overview of core international human rights treaties and instruments, a discussion on the role of business, as well as an overview of the "stakeholder" concept. The Toolkit is accessible to the public free of charge at the IPIECA website www.ipieca.org in both English and French. The Toolkit will also be available in Spanish from 2008.
The target audience for the Toolkit is company business managers that have requested assistance to better understand human rights issues in their operations, raise awareness in their workforce, anticipate human rights issues and manage them effectively.
A preliminary survey of companies using the Toolkit has generated positive feedback. The main strength of the Toolkit is its versatility and companies' ability to customize the Toolkit template to include their own human rights policies and regional or operation-specific materials. The Toolkit is being used by many companies to complement human rights training sessions, and the global audience ranges from security personnel, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) managers and newly-appointed Directors to human resources staff and employees in high-risk countries.