bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State of the Evidence for Interprofessional Education in Palliative Care
Authors: Schapmire Tara J. , Pfeifer Mark P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the state of the science of interprofessional education (IPE) in palliative care. The authors review publications between 2001 and 2020 that presented an interprofessional palliative care educational intervention, targeted to learners in at least 2 professions, and measured learner or patient outcomes. Eligible study designs included quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Evidence for the value of IPE in palliative care is growing rapidly. To date, studies have shown feasibility and wide acceptance, with some success at improving collaboration and communication. In general, the body of work presented reveals small sample sizes, self-selected trainees, self-reported outcomes, frequent low evaluation-response rates, and minimal longitudinal outcome measures. Research with clinical teams is weaker than academic settings due to even smaller sample sizes. Overall pre- to post-group comparisons were often significant, while comparisons between groups of professions often failed to show significance; this seemed to be primarily due to disparate and/or small sample sizes. Patient outcomes have not been measured. Given the nature of these early studies, broad conclusions must be restrained while the groundwork is in place for the design of more rigorous studies.
Critical Care, Emergency Department, and Crisis Scenarios
Authors: Chyall Lawrence , Dundas Cathy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the intersection of 2 seemingly divergent pathways of care: intensive care and palliative care, and draws on the complexities of the dynamics between these specialties. Critical care, like palliative care, requires a high level of teamwork and interdisciplinary communication. The collaborative skills integral to critical care practice and provide a framework that practitioners use to integrate palliative care into their daily practice. Additionally, critical care staff are skilled in conducting conversations concerning diagnosis, prognosis, and patient preferences for treatment—skills that are necessary to palliative care. Practicing in a generalist-specialist model of care, the authors examine the ways that the ICU team can serve as primary palliative care leaders and the complementary nature of the specialist palliative care team members.
Collective violence
Authors: Levy Barry S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWar and other forms of armed conflict cause many adverse effects on health and the environment, including morbidity and mortality due to weapons; damage to the health-supporting infrastructure of society; contamination of air, water, and soil; forced displacement; violation of human rights and international humanitarian law; diversion of resources; and promotion of additional violence. Explosive weapons account for much morbidity and mortality. However, indirect impacts of war, many due to infrastructure damage and forced displacement, account for more morbidity and mortality in most wars. Public health workers and other health professionals can help to minimize the health and environmental consequences of war and to prevent war. Their roles include documentation; education and awareness-raising; advocacy and support for policies and programmes to minimize the consequences of, and help to reduce the risks of, war; and provision of preventive services. Public health frameworks of prevention can be useful in identifying opportunities for prevention and designing, implementing, and improving policies and programmes. These frameworks include levels of prevention (primary, secondary, and tertiary) and the host-agent-environment model. An additional framework for the prevention of war has three components: resolving disputes non-violently; reducing the root causes of war; and strengthening the infrastructure for peace.
Piper auritum ethanol extract is a potent antimutagen against food-borne aromatic amines: mechanisms of action and chemical composition
Authors: Hernández-Ojeda Sandra L , Espinosa-Aguirre Javier Jesús , Camacho-Carranza Rafael , Amacosta-Castillo Jessica , Cárdenas-Ávila Ricardo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
An ethanol extract of Piper auritum leaves (PAEE) inhibits the mutagenic effect of three food-borne aromatic amines (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP); 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx); 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (4,8-DiMeIQx)) in the TA98 Salmonella typhimurium strain. Preincubation with MeIQx demonstrated in mutagenesis experiments that inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP), as well as direct interaction between component(s) of the plant extract with mutagens, might account for the antimutagenic observed effect. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed that safrole (50.7%), α-copaene (7.7%), caryophyllene (7.2%), β-pinene (4.2%), γ-terpinene (4.1%), and pentadecane (4.1%) as the main components (PAEE). Piper extract and safrole were able to inhibit the rat liver microsomal CYP1A1 activity that participates in the amines metabolism, leading to the formation of the ultimate mutagenic/ molecules. According to this, safrole and PAEE-inhibited MeIQx mutagenicity but not that of the direct mutagen 2-nitrofluorene. No mutagenicity of plant extract or safrole was detected. This study shows that PAEE and its main component safrole are associated with the inhibition of heterocyclic amines activation due in part to the inhibition of CYP1A subfamily activity.
Promoted hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over single-atom Cu sites with Na+-decorated microenvironment
Authors: Ling Li-Li , Guan Xinyu , Liu Xiaoshuo , Lei Xiao-Mei , Lin Zhongyuan , Jiang Hai-Long 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Although single-atom Cu sites exhibit high efficiency in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, they are prone to forming Cu nanoparticles due to reduction and aggregation under reaction conditions, especially at high temperatures. Herein, single-atom Cu sites stabilized by adjacent Na+ ions have been successfully constructed within a metal–organic framework (MOF)-based catalyst, namely MOF-808-NaCu. It is found that the electrostatic interaction between the Na+ and Hδ− species plays a pivotal role in upholding the atomic dispersion of Cu in MOF-808-NaCu during CO2 hydrogenation, even at temperatures of up to 275°C. This exceptional stabilization effect endows the catalyst with excellent activity (306 g·kgcat−1·h−1), high selectivity to methanol (93%) and long-term stability at elevated reaction temperatures, far surpassing the counterpart in the absence of Na+ (denoted as MOF-808-Cu). This work develops an effective strategy for the fabrication of stable single-atom sites for advanced catalysis by creating an alkali-decorated microenvironment in close proximity.
The role of resveratrol in neurogenesis: a systematic review
Authors: Azargoonjahromi Ali , Abutalebian Fatemeh , Hoseinpour Fatemeh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Resveratrol (RV) is a natural compound found in grapes, wine, berries, and peanuts and has potential health benefits—namely, neurogenesis improvement. Neurogenesis, which is the process through which new neurons or nerve cells are generated in the brain, occurs in the subventricular zone and hippocampus and is influenced by various factors. RV has been shown to increase neural stem cell proliferation and survival, improving cognitive function in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Thus, to provide a convergent and unbiased conclusion of the available evidence on the correlation between the RV and neurogenesis, a systematic review needs to be undertaken meticulously and with appropriate attention.

Objective
This study aimed to systematically review any potential connection between the RV and neurogenesis in animal models.

Data Sources and Extraction
Based on the particular selection criteria, 8 original animal studies that investigated the relationship between RV and neurogenesis were included. Studies written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals with no restrictions on the starting date of publication on August 17, 2023, were searched in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Furthermore, data were extracted and analyzed independently by 2 researchers and then reviewed by a third researcher, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. This project followed PRISMA reporting standards.

Data Analysis
In the studies analyzed in this review, there is a definite correlation between RV and neurogenesis, meaning that RV intake, irrespective of the mechanisms thereof, can boost neurogenesis in both the subventricular zone and hippocampus.

Conclusion
This finding, albeit with some limitations, provides a plausible indication of RV’s beneficial function in neurogenesis. Indeed, RV intake may result in neurogenesis benefits—namely, cognitive function, mood regulation, stress resilience, and neuroprotection, potentially preventing cognitive decline.
Air Cleaners and Respiratory Infections in Schools: A Modeling Study Based on Epidemiologic, Environmental, and Molecular Data
Authors: Banholzer Nicolas , Jent Philipp , Bittel Pascal , Zürcher Kathrin , Furrer Lavinia , Bertschinger Simon , Weingartner Ernest , Ramette Alban , Egger Matthias , Hascher Tina , Fenner Lukas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Using a multiple-measurement approach, we examined the real-world effectiveness of portable HEPA air filtration devices (air cleaners) in a school setting.

Methods
We collected data over 7 weeks during winter 2022/2023 in 2 Swiss secondary school classes: environmental (CO2, particle concentrations), epidemiologic (absences related to respiratory infections), audio (coughing), and molecular (bioaerosol and saliva samples). Using a crossover design, we compared particle concentrations, coughing, and risk of infection with and without air cleaners.

Results
All 38 students participated (age, 13–15 years). With air cleaners, mean particle concentration decreased by 77% (95% credible interval, 63%−86%). There were no differences in CO2 levels. Absences related to respiratory infections were 22 without air cleaners vs 13 with them. Bayesian modeling suggested a reduced risk of infection, with a posterior probability of 91% and a relative risk of 0.73 (95% credible interval, 0.44–1.18). Coughing also tended to be less frequent (posterior probability, 93%), indicating that fewer symptomatic students were in class. Molecular analysis detected mainly non–SARS-CoV-2 viruses in saliva (50/448 positive) but not in bioaerosols (2/105) or on the HEPA filters of the air cleaners (4/160). The molecular detection rate in saliva was similar with and without air cleaners. Spatiotemporal analysis of positive saliva samples identified several likely transmissions.

Conclusions
Air cleaners improved air quality and showed potential benefits in reducing respiratory infections. Airborne detection of non–SARS-CoV-2 viruses was rare, suggesting that these viruses may be more difficult to detect in the air. Future studies should examine the importance of close contact and long-range transmission and the cost-effectiveness of using air cleaners.
Subarachnoid Neurocysticercosis Case Series Reveals a Significant Delay in Diagnosis—Requiring a High Index of Suspicion Among Those at Risk
Authors: Beatty Norman L , Kaur Harpreet , Schlaffer Kathryn , Thompson Kathryn , Manavalan Preeti , Rijos Zulmarie R , Raman Abhinandan A , Droghini H Richard , O’Connell Elise M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Subarachnoid neurocysticercosis can be challenging to recognize, which often leads to a delay in diagnosis. We report 3 cases presenting as chronic headache disorders that highlight the unique manifestations seen with this form of neurocysticercosis and the role that the infectious diseases consultant can play in ensuring a timely diagnosis.
The Rights of Indians and Tribes
Authors: Pevar Stephen L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Rights of Indians and Tribes is the most popular book in the field of federal Indian law and has sold over 150,000 copies since it was first published in 1983. This user-friendly book explains federal Indian law in a conversational manner, yet is highly authoritative, containing over two thousand footnotes with citations to relevant court decisions, statutes, and agency regulations. It is helpful for tribal advocates, students, government officials, lawyers, and members of the general public. The book uses a question-and-answer format and covers every important subject impacting Indians and tribes today, including tribal sovereignty, the federal trust responsibility, treaties, taxation, criminal and civil authority, water rights, hunting and fishing rights, the Indian Child Welfare Act, and the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act. This fully updated edition provides a Foreword by John Echohawk, Director of the Native American Rights Fund.
Exploitative Transactions and Corrective Justice
Authors: Mills Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the place of exploitation within the law of contracts. It first considers the claims of distributive justice and corrective justice to which exploitation gives rise within transactional contexts, and then it traces these claims across both ideal theory and non-ideal theory. The chapter offers arguments against the normative redundancy of exploitation in contract law by rejecting defenses of this redundancy based upon exclusion and replication claims. It then offers a defense of theoretical pluralism about contract law. These arguments provide reasons to doubt those who argue that exploitation has little normative role to play in contract law.
Unequal Exchange and International Justice
Authors: Veneziani Roberto , Yoshihara Naoki 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes normative issues in international relations. By using a model in the tradition of John Roemer, this chapter investigates cosmopolitanism, asset redistribution, and the free movement of people as part of a more general approach to global justice and the elimination of exploitation across borders. It shows that international inequalities, class relations, and various forms of exploitation arise from differences in per capita endowments of productive assets across countries. Contra Rawls, the chapter argues that these inequalities in wealth per capita are morally arbitrary and both their existence, and their persistence is human-made, while there are feasible changes in political institutions that would remove them, including international capital transfers and a more welcoming open-border policy.
Exploitation Does Not Justify Prohibiting Canadian Paid Plasma
Authors: Wells Mark , Jaworski Peter 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
People seeking the prohibition of paid plasma donation often claim that this practice is wrongfully exploitative of the donors, and reason that such wrongful exploitation justifies prohibition. Are they right? In this chapter, we focus on the case of Canada and argue that paying plasma donors is not, and would not be, generally exploitative. We do this by focusing on an ecumenical account of wrongful exploitation, arguing that companies do not generally take wrongful advantage of donors’ vulnerability. We then argue that even if we are wrong about that, this kind of exploitation does not justify prohibition, and the current practices of countries with such prohibitions are more exploitative than those countries where paid plasma is permitted.
Life under Pressure
Authors: Mueller Anna S. , Abrutyn Seth 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Life under Pressure: The Social Roots of Youth Suicide and What to Do about Them provides an overview of the social roots of youth suicide. Despite the wide documentation of youth suicide clusters, too little is known about why youth die by suicide and how to stop them. A close examination of kids’ lives in a community unveils how the social worlds that youth inhabit and the various messages they learn in those spaces shape their feelings about themselves and their risk of suicide. Life under Pressure also presents how social environments can cause and change reasons for suicide. Thus, it offers tangible solutions to one of the twenty-first century’s most tragic public health problems.
Visualizing Science at Home
Authors: Anderson Glaire D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3, “Visualizing Science at Home,” focuses on a wondrous object, often described as a planetarium, which Ibn Firnās is said to have made and displayed in his home. It analyzes what the Arabic texts can tell us about the nature of this creation, using the Córdoban chronicle and the earliest Arabic automata treatise from the Islamic West, al-Muradī’s Kitāb Al-Asrār Fī Natāʼij Al-Afkār. The chapter argues that Ibn Firnās’s creation was likely an early automaton, intended to create a visual representation of scientific phenomena for an audience of court intellectuals. The chapter also considers Ibn Firnās’s creation as it relates to the spatialization of science. It presents the Nilometer of Cairo as the earliest extant work that reveals similar connections between early Islamic science, architecture, and visual culture.
Where Eagles and Vultures Dare
Authors: Anderson Glaire D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the earliest authoritative evidence for Ibn Firnās’s famous flight, preserved in a manuscript in the Real Academia de Historia in Madrid. It considers details about the flight device and garment in this account that are absent from the later textual sources on which historians have had to rely. The chapter considers religious and cultural meanings specific to the medieval Islamic contexts that the flight may have held for Ibn Firnās and his intellectual circles. It considers Rusāfa, the first Córdoban royal villa, as a spatial and social context for the flight and proposes that this was an important site of court science. Finally, the chapter considers topographical features of the site long associated with the experiment and proposes that it may have inspired the idea for the experiment and contributed to its success.
Epilogue
Authors: Anderson Glaire D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Epilogue considers the later impact of the medieval Islamic culture of science and craft. It uses a drawing of a medieval Islamic astrolabe by the sixteenth-century Florentine architect Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, preserved in the Uffizi in Florence, to argue that the medieval Islamic culture of science and craft may have informed the artistic culture of Renaissance Florence, and thereafter Europe’s early modern Scientific Revolution. The dialogue between the exact or rational sciences and Islamic visual culture was carried beyond Iberia and beyond the Dar al-Islam. New designers, makers, and patrons embraced the links between craft and intellect and applied the exact sciences and precision instruments to create new visual cultures. New patrons such as Cosimo de’ Medici deployed them to express their princely aspirations, much as the rulers of the caliphal Islamic courts had done in previous centuries.
Frank O'Hara's New York School and Mid-Century Mannerism
Authors: Ladkin Sam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Perfectly Disgraceful reads the poetry of Frank O’Hara in the light of the cultural blossoming O’Hara catalysed, the mid-century experimental and multidisciplinary arts scene known as the New York School. The monograph integrates analysis of mid-century modernists and avant-gardes with figures from popular culture. Fresh accounts of canonical figures (Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, George Balanchine, Fred Astaire) and original work on those too little discussed (Edwin Denby, Elaine de Kooning) resound with analysis of queer iconology from Michelangelo’s David to James Dean. Turning away from interpretations of O’Hara’s Transcendentalism, Romanticism, or pastoralism, ‘mid-century Mannerism’ helps explain O’Hara’s self-conscious style, its play with sweet and grand grace, contortion of conventional measure, risks with affectation, conceits, nonchalance, and scrambling of high/low culture. Mannerism also clarifies the sociability implicit in the formal innovations of the New York School. Perfectly Disgraceful advances the study of the kinship between art mediums by retooling rhetoric and recovering a perennial manneristic tendency beyond period style. Genealogies of grace, the figura serpentinata, sprezzatura, ornatus, and the marvellous exemplify qualities exhibited by O’Hara’s New York School. O’Hara’s reception has been tied to painting, predominantly Abstract Expressionism. He was, however, a balletomane, a fan, for whom ballet was ‘made up exclusively of qualities which other arts only aspire to in order to be truly modern’. Relaying ballet’s mannerist origins and aesthetics, and demonstrating its influence alongside Broadway and Hollywood musical-dance on art and poetry, completes this portrait of mid-century modernity.
Egypt, Ethiopia, and the Greek Novel
Authors: Cioffi Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis book is about Egypt, ancient Ethiopia (a territory located in modern Sudan, known to ancient Egyptians as Kush and modern specialists as Nubia), and the ancient Greek romance novels. Of the five Greek novels that survive in their entirety, Egypt and/or Ethiopia play an important role in four: Chariton’s Chaereas and Callirhoe (first century ce), Xenophon of Ephesus’ An Ephesian Tale (first/second century ce), Achilles Tatius’ Leucippe and Clitophon (second century ce), and Heliodorus’ An Ethiopian Story (third or fourth century ce). Employing approaches from literary studies, Classics, and Egyptology, the book’s argument turns on two concepts: representation and resistance. On the one hand, it demonstrates that the novels develop an image of Egypt and Ethiopia that is in close dialogue with Greco-Roman ethnographic tradition. On the other, it argues that this depiction regularly figures Egypt and Ethiopia as sites of resistance, revolt, and rebellion against—and also political, cultural, and religious alternatives to—a series of dominant imperial powers in the region, from the Persians to the Romans. This argument enriches our understanding of the texts’ relationship with the real and imagined frontiers of Roman political, military, and intellectual power. Further, it raises literary and cultural historical questions about the interrelation of humans and their environment and what we might call, after Simon Schama, the topographies of cultural identity in the Roman Empire.
Introduction
Authors: Cioffi Robert 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe introduction focuses on the two central terms in the book’s argument—representation and resistance—which, broadly speaking, reflect the different perspectives offered by Greco-Roman and Egyptian materials. Of particular importance is how the novels’ depictions of Egypt and Ethiopia receive and transform a centuries’ long tradition of Greek and Roman ethnographic discourse about Egypt and Ethiopia, their religious and cultural traditions, and their Nilotic landscapes that stretches back at least to Herodotus and Hecataeus of Miletus. In making its argument, the book considers the novels not only in the context of Greco-Roman traditions of writing about and depicting Egypt but also in relationship to local literary and documentary texts (including hymns and dedications to Isis, Egyptian narrative literature, and apocalyptic texts), monumental inscriptions, and material and visual culture. Such an approach is crucial for providing a full picture of how the novels represent the Nile River Valley. They reveal that Egypt and Ethiopia are not simply sites of a Greek and Roman imaginaire; rather, one of the book’s most important interventions is to show that the novels’ fictional narratives are in dialogue with the history, literature, and culture local to those places. In addition, the Introduction shows how the book contributes to a broader set of questions about identity, ethnicity, and race; about the relationship between Greek and Egyptian literature; and about the theory and practice of ekphrasis in the Roman imperial period.