bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF RETINOL ON MURINE EPIDERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS
Authors: Walsh Laurence J. , Miles Peter G. , Seymour Gregory J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryNumerous immunoregulatory activities have been attributed to retinoids. The present study examined the effect of a single application of retinol (RO) on immunocompetent cells in murine epidermis. The inner epidermis of the left ear of C57/BL6J mice was painted with RO (50 ug/ml) in ethanol, while the right (control) ear received ethanol alone. Mice were sacrified at 0,12,24,36 or 48 hours, and epithelial sheets of the treated areas prepared. Two cell populations were detected using enzyme histochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence: Langerhans cells (ATPase+, Ia+), and cells expressing Thy 1.2 antigen (ATPase‐, la‐). In all cases ATPase+ cells were more numerous that Ia+ cells, however, neither RO nor alcohol treatment modulated la+or ATPase+ expression on Langerhans cells. In contrast, R O treatment increased the number of Thy 1.2+ cells detected at 12 and 24 hr post‐treatment when compared to baseline and alcohol controls. These results indicate that retinol is capable of modulating antigen expression on murine dendritic cells in vivo.
FIXED DRUG ERUPTION DUE TO COTRIMOXAZOLE
Authors: Bharija S.C. , Belhaj M.S. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryDrug eruptions are among the most common cutaneous disorders encountered by dermatologists. They occur in many forms and mimic many dermatoses. Fixed Drug Eruption (FDE) has its own characteristics and may be associated with ingestion of a number of agents. The incidence of FDE induced by a specific drug depends on the frequency with which the agent is used in a given part of the world. Recently we have encountered many cases of FDE due to Cotrimoxazole.
HYPOMELANOSIS OF ITO: HISTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Saxena Uma , Ramesh V. , Iyengar Bhanu , Misra R.S. 
Published: June 2007

SummarySkin biopsies were taken from an infant girl with Hypomelanosis of Ito (Incontintentia Pigmenti Achrotnians) for histopathological, histochemical and electron microscopic studies. Histological observations were similar to those reported previously. Electron microscopy revealed two groups of melanocytes, an effete group and another group with a highly dendritic appearance. The significance of these findings is discussed.
DINITROCHLOROBENZENE TREATMENT OF CONDYLOMATA ACUMINATA
Authors: Georgala S. , Danopoulou I. , Katsarou A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryFifteen patients with treatment‐resistant condylomata acuminata have been treated by application of Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The agent was applied weekly as a 0.5 or 1% solution in acetone for a period of 6 to 8 weeks. Patients were sensitised 15 days before the onset of treatment by applying a 2% DNCB solution on the right arm in a quantity of 0.15ml. In one patient treatment had to be stopped because of local irritation and one discontinued treament. In the other 13 patients all lesions cleared completely. Patients were followed up for a year and no recurrence has appeared as yet. DNCB seems to be useful agent for treatment‐resistant condylomata acuminata and Justifies further clinical trials.
FIBRONECTIN: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE IN WOUND HEALING
Authors: Brotchie Heather , Wakefield Denis 
Published: June 2007

SummarySeveral recent reports suggest a therapeutic role for topical application of autologous fibronectin in promoting healing of chronic skin and corneal ulcers. Fibronectin assists in wound healing by contributing to haemostasis, assisting in control of infection and debridement of wounds, and promoting re‐epithelialisation, granulation tissue and ultimately a connective tissue of adequate tensile strength to repair the skin defect. The potential for fibronectin to be a therapeutic adjunct demands a close understanding of its structural and functional properties, and such knowledge, particularly emerging from research reported in the last five years, is reviewed.
HALO ECZEMA SURROUNDING SEBORRHOEIC KERATOSES: AN EXAMPLE OF PERILESIONAL NUMMULAR DERMATITIS
Authors: Rosen Robert , Paver Ken , Kossard Steven 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTwo patients developed halo eczema around isolated seborrhoeic keratoses and in one individual similar halo eczema developed around the nipples. This phenomenon which was previously described with melanocytic naevi has been associated with a number of different central lesions and can be readily recognised. Both the clinical pattern and histopathology suggest that this phenomenon may represent a localised form of nummular dermatitis with a predilection for elevated lesions.
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO ULTRA VIOLET CURED INKS
Authors: Whitfeld Margot , Freeman Susi 
Published: June 2007

SummaryTwo employees of a factory using an automated screen printing process and ultraviolet cured inks to print onto plastic bottles developed an allergic contact dermatitis, principally on the face and periorbital areas. On patch testing a contact allergy was found to the ultraviolet cured ink UV 50–85, and its multifunctional acrylic monomer component, tripropylene glycol diacrylate.
A NEW TREATMENT FOR ACQUIRED REACTIVE PERFORATING COLLAGENOSIS
Authors: Oziemski Margaret A. , Billson Virginia R. , Crosthwaite Gary L. , Zajac Jeff , Varigos George A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAcquired reactive perforating collagenosis is reported in an insulin dependent diabetic patient with renal impairment, managed successfully with surgical debridement and split skin grafting. The literature on treatment of reactive perforating collagenosis is reviewed.
TUBERCULOUS INFECTION OF THE MALE GENITALIA
Authors: Vasanthi R. , Ramesh V. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe extremely rare occurrence of genital tuberculosis affecting the penis, seminal vesicles, epididymides, vas deferens and Cowper's gland is described. Diagnosis was made by demonstration of fragmented acid fast bacilli in the discharge, and caseating epithelioid cell granulomata with Langhan's giant cells detected on histopathology. Response to antitubercular drugs was prompt.
PREDOMINANCE OF CD8 SUBSET IN ID ERUPTION OF POISON OAK‐INDUCED DERMATITIS
Authors: Heng Madalene C.Y. , Allen Suni G. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe pathophysiology and immune mechanisms involved in the clinical syndrome of autoeczematization remain a mystery. In this study of nickel dermatitis without autoeczematization and poison oak dermatitis with autoeczematization, it was noted that the process of autoeczematization was associated with the presence of CD8+ lymphocytes within the epidermis and the expression of HLA‐DR antigens on epidermal keratinocytes. It is surmised that since CD8+ clones are induced by poison oak antigen but not by nickel, the inability of nickel to induce CD8+ lymphocytes may explain why uncomplicated nickel dermatitis does not autoeczematize. Since the selective adherence ofCD8+ lymphocytes to keratinocytes, probably via the expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM‐1, the generation of antigens on endothelial cells of high endothelial venules involved in lymphocyte trafficking, and the expression of HLA‐DR antigens on epidermal keratinocytes are all due to the activity of interferon‐8, it is deduced that this Lymphokine may play a key role in id eruptions induced by contact allergens.
FORMULATION OF 1‐ALPHA,25‐DIHYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL TOPICAL OINTMENT FOR PSORIASIS TREATMENT
Authors: Hayball Peter J. , Weightman Warren , Cosh David G. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA means of accurate and rapid formulation of l‐Alpha,25‐dihydroxychoiecalciferol topical ointment is described. The accuracy of the formulation technique is within 95% of the theoretical ointment concentration (lug/gram of petrolatum base). Moreover, the stability of the formulated ointment is examined at room temperature (21°C) and refrigerated (2°C) over 40 days storage. When protected from light the loss of potency is 6% at 21°C and negligible at 2°C.
LENTINGINOUS DYSPLASTIC NAEVI IN THE ELDERLY: A POTENTIAL PRECURSOR FOR MALIGNANT MELANOMA
Authors: Kossard Steve , Commens Chris , Symons Michael , Doyle John 
Published: June 2007

SummarySeventy‐seven skin biopsies diagnosed histologically as lentiginous junctional naevi from individuals aged over 60 years were reviewed. Seventy‐three specimens showed a primarily nested pattern with disordered arthitecture concentrated within the rete ridges conforming to the pathology of a lentiginous dysplastic naevus. In 28 biopsies this was combined with a melanoma in situ. The latter was reflected by a focal loss of the rete ridge system, confluent melanocytic hyperplasia and single cell invasion of the epidermis by atypical malanocytes. Four biopsies showed lentiginous junctional naevi with only isolated naevus cell nests without a disordered architecture or cellular atypia. Thirty‐seven of the 57 naevi in men were located on the back in contrast to 5 of the 20 women. In women the lower limb was the most frequent site with 8 of the 20 lesions originating at this site in contrast to 1 of the 57 men. The pathological diagnosis of dysplastic lentiginous naevi in the elderly needs to be recognised as having a high association of melanoma‐in‐situ changes.
KERATODERMA HEREDITARIA MUTILANS. ETRETINATE TREATMENT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES
Authors: Palungwachira Piti , Iwahara Kunio , Ogawa Hideoki 
Published: June 2007

SummaryKeratoderma hereditaria mutilans is a rare inherited cornification disorder characterized by hyperkeratosis of palms and soles with a characteristic “honey‐comb” appearance, keratotic constriction furrows of one or more digits (pseudo‐ainhum) and threatening spontaneous amputation. Approximately 30 cases have been reported, but the ultrastructural features have not been well characterized. In this article, we describe the clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural findings in our patient. A biopsy specimen taken before treatment with etretinate showed hyperkeratosis with a well‐preserved granular layer and acanthosis. Ultrastructural examination disclosed that the spinous cells and granular cells contained marked swollon mitochondria, many desmosomes, and that corneocytes contained many membrane coating granules (MCG) and lipid like vacuoles. After initiation of treatment, considerable clinical improvement was observed, but without significant histologic modification. The principal post‐treatment ultrastructural changes were the reduction of mitochondrial swelling in spinous and granular cells and the reduction in the number of MCG incorneocytes. The intercellular spaces showed increased amounts of fine and coarse granular substances. Stimulation of Langerhans cells was observed. Marginal band formation occurred normally after treatment.
PILOMATRIX CARCINOMA OF THE SCALP
Authors: Zagarella Samuel S. , Kneale Kenneth L. , Stern Harvey S. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA matrical carcinoma (pilomatrix carcinoma) of the scalp is described ‐ the first reported case in this site. This malignant hair follicle tumour must be distinguished histologically from benign pilomatricoma and proliferating trichilemmal tumour, which can have similar features.
MODERN TREATMENT OF LYMPHOEDEMA II. THE BENZOPYRONES.
Authors: Casley‐Smith John R. , Casley‐Smith Judith R. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe benzo‐pyrones reduce all high‐protein oedemas, including lymphoedema and elephantiasis, by increasing the numbers of macrophages and their normal proteolysis. Thus they remove the excess protein, and thereby the oedema which is caused by it. They also remove the stimulus it provides for chronic inflammation and fibrosis, and its action as a culture medium for bacteria. Coumarin (5,6 benzo‐[alpha]‐pyrone, 56 BaP) and oxerutins (HR, O(β‐hydroxy‐ethyl)‐rutosides) have been used in many clinical trials on a variety of high‐protein oedemas.Four such trials are summarised here: on lymphoedema and elephantiasis (from many causes in Australia, and filaritic in India and China). The drugs reduced these much more slowly than adequate physical therapy, but they did reduce them. About half the excess volume was removed over six months in the Australian trials. In India and China similar rates were achieved with lymphoedema, but elephantiasis reduced at a slower rate. The benzo‐pyrones convert a slowly worsening condition into a slowly improving one. No compression garments are necessary. In addition, the drugs considerably reduce the number of attacks of secondary acute infection, reduce the deformities of elephantiasis and considerably improve the patients'comfort and mobility. They may be taken orally, or applied topically, have very low toxicities and only few, minor side‐effects. They are useful in many other forms of high‐protein oedema, and improve the results of physical therapy for lymphoedema.
LINEAR SCLERODERMA WITH SEVERE LEG DEFORMITY
Authors: Hatzis John A. , Stratigos Alexander J. , Dimopoulos John Ch. , Tzermias Christopher K. , Orfanidou Anastasiak , Bassioukas Konstantin Ch. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryLinear scleroderma is an unusual form of localised scleroderma, mainly affecting the legs and occurring primarily in children. Sometimes the linear lesions may extend to involve the underlying muscles and bones, with severe disturbances in growth and possibly flexion deformities of the legs.1,2,3,4 In this study, two cases suffering from linear scleroderma of the legs are presented.
FOUR NON‐ENDEMIC NEW ZEALAND CASES OF CHROMOBLASTOMYCOSIS
Authors: Woodgyer Alan J. , Bennetts Graeme P. , Rush‐Munro Frederick M. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe majority of cases of chromoblastomycosis are reported from tropical to subtropical countries; only one previous case being reported from New Zealand. Four non‐endemic cases in Pacific Island patients are described. All of the New Zealand cases were caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi. In the present report, one patient was successfully treated by excision of the lesion followed by skin grafting. Another was treated with 200 mg ketoconazole daily for 10 weeks with no obvious improvement. No follow‐up on the treatment of this case nor of the remaining two patients is available. This disease must be included in the differential diagnosis in patients who present with chronic lesions affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
CEREBRAL INFARCTION FOLLOWING THORACIC HERPES ZOSTER
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Mollison Lindsay 
Published: June 2007

SummaryObjective: To present a case of cerebral infarction following thoracic herpes zoster presenting as Gerstmann's syndrome.Clinical features: A 61 year old male developed herpes zoster of T 1‐2 dermatomes. Four months later he developed a confusional state together with expressive aphasia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia and finger agnosia with no long tract signs. CT scan of head showed recent infarction of this left parietal lobe. He recieved a five day course of acyclovir 800mg four times daily and showed slow but steady improvementConclusion: Herpes zoster is uncommonly followed by cerebral infarction. Acyclovir may have a role in therapy of this complication.
AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF SECONDARY SYPHILIS IN THE NORTHERN TERRITORY
Authors: Patel Anita , Heath Timothy C. , Bowden Francis J. , Currie Bart 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYObjective: To present a case which demonstrates the unusual clinical features of secondary syphilis that may be encountered in tropical Australia.Clinical Features: A syphilitic aetiology was initially missed in a Caucasian female presenting with a rare form of syphilis, “lues maligna”, characterised by nodulo‐ulcerative skin lesions, fever, meningism and a relapsing course.Conclusion: Secondary syphilis is usually manifest in the Northern Territory by a characteristic palmo‐plantar psoriasiform eruption with variable involvement of skin in other body areas. The disease is most commonly seen in the young adult Aboriginal population. However, atypical presentations can occur and vigilance must be maintained for a syphilitic aetiology in unusual skin lesions. The disease may produce significant individual morbidity and may be transmitted non‐venereally to close contacts in the secondary stage. Genital lesions facilitate the transmission of HIV, making early diagnosis and treatment even more important.
Post‐contact chronic eczema: Pension or rehabilitation
Authors: Lobel Edmund 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA proportion of patients who suffer from either irritant or allergic contact dermatitis, many of whom have no past or family history of atopy or of any other skin disease, evolve into chronic eczema. Workers' compensation payments are frequently suspended after about 6 to 12 months on the basis of ‘endogenous dermatitis’. Patients, often healthy breadwinners in the 30 to 50 age group are deemed unemployable because of persistent active dermatitis. Expensive prolonged litigation frequently follows but the end result is usually a patient who has become a healthy, bored, pensioner/retiree with all the psychological and physical sequelae secondary to inactivity and major lifestyle change. It is now becoming recognized that there are many jobs which a person suffering from various degrees of chronic dermatitis can perform without aggravation of dermatitis. However, widespread acceptance of this tenet requires a change in attitude by all the players in the workers' compensation complex, namely the employer, the insurance company, the medical practitioner, the employee and the union. Fortunately, the emphasis is gradually changing towards multidisciplinary assessment of work potential with appropriate retraining and redeployment of injured workers rather than granting lump sum compensation payouts or pensions.
The brown forehead ring: A pattern of facial pigmentation
Authors: O'Brien Timothy J 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe brown forehead ring (linea fusca), a distinctive but infrequently recognized pattern of facial pigmentation, is described. The history of this sign is recounted. In modern times it seems to be associated with other well recognized patterns of facial pigmentation, chemical photosensitizers and excessive sun exposure. Three cases in adult males are described and the different aetiologies illustrated.
Deaths due to squamous cell carcinoma in Australia: Is there a case for a public health intervention?
Authors: Rosenblatt Leslie , Marks Robin 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe death certificates of all people who died from cancer in Victoria for the years 1988–1990 were examined looking for deaths due primarily to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. The findings were compared with the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) published data on the number of deaths due to non melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) for the same period. One hundred and fifteen deaths due to SCC were identified. The mean age of death for the 74 males (64%) was 74.2 (s.d. 11.7) years and the 41 females (36%) was 81.3 (s.d. 10.3) years. Seventy (80%) of the 91 people where satisfactory information was able to be extracted had one or more major illnesses which were likely to have contributed substantially to the death. Only 3.5% of the total tumours were on the trunk in the covered areas, the remainder were on exposed areas of the body easily seen during a consultation. Seventeen cases of AIDS (Kaposi's Sarcoma) were incorrectly classified by the ABS as primary NMSC deaths. Seventeen other misclassifications included seven deaths from melanoma, eight deaths from cancers which were not skin tumours and two non‐cancer deaths. Thirty‐one deaths due to SCC were identified from death certificates and careful medical follow up which were not recorded in ABS data. The results suggest that there is likely to be little, if any, reduction in the number of deaths due to SCC as a result of an early detection programme directed at those people currently developing lethal tumours. A professional education programme directed at doctors who are seeing these elderly people with tumours on easily examined sites is more likely to be fruitful. The results also suggest the need for further education about the correct filling out of death certificates by medical practitioners and the careful supervision of those who extract data from these records at the ABS.
Mango dermatitis: Allergic contact dermatitis to Mangifera indica
Authors: Calvert Megan L , Robertson Ivan , Samaratunga Hema 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARY‘Mango Dermatitis’ is the common term given to allergic contact dermatitis to the sap or skin of the fruit of Mangifera indica. Four patients presented with urticaria and eczematous rash following exposure to mangoes or the trees. Patch testing with diluted sap, crushed leaf, crushed stem and fruit skin was strongly positive.
Atopic eczema in children: What to do when treatment fails to work
Authors: Hogan Peter A 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYAtopic eczema in infants and children usually responds to a management programme involving patient education, the avoidance of environmental irritants, the regular use of emollients and the application of topical steroids. If a child fails to respond to this management programme, the dermatologist should initially ensure that the diagnosis is correct and exclude a coexistent disease process (for example, infection or immunodeficiency) that may be hampering response to treatment. The next step is to ensure that environmental irritants have been identified and eliminated from the child's environment and that prescribed medication is being used as instructed. Allergy assessment and ancillary therapy are reserved for those infants and children with severe disease not responding to basic therapy.
Multiple medicament allergies in two patients with chronic leg ulceration
Authors: Rademaker M , Wood B , Greig DE 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYMedicament allergies in patients with chronic leg ulcers is well recognized.1–5 In the past, topical antibiotics, rubber additives and wool alcohols have been the most common reported allergens.1–5 Allergy to topical corticosteroids has been reported.6 We document two cases of multiple corticosteroid allergy in patients with chronic leg ulceration.
Photochemotherapy for mycosis fungoides: Current status*
Authors: Watson Alan 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYPhototherapy for mycosis fungoides is reviewed with particular emphasis on PUVA (psoralen ultraviolet A‐range) therapy and its combination with other topical and systemic treatments. PUVA therapy has the advantages of being available in all major centres, is simple to administer, relatively inexpensive and has relatively low toxicity. Medium‐term results suggest that PUVA is as effective as any of the other topical therapies for stage I disease. Its combination with alpha‐interferon produces significant benefit in stage II or more advanced disease. Long‐term non‐melanoma skin cancer is increased with PUVA and combination PUVA usage, but melanoma is not increased. Its long‐term position in comparison to other therapies with regard to morbidity, mortality and quality of life needs further evaluation.
Severe allergy to sorbolene cream
Authors: MacKenzie‐Wood Andrew R , Freeman Susanne 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYA 40‐year‐old male developed a constant hand and foot dermatitis in 1980 while using sorbolene cream as a barrier cream at work. He was forced to leave his trade as a motor mechanic because of his hand dermatitis. It was not until 16 years later that he was diagnosed as having an allergic contact dermatitis to chlorocresol secondary to an endogenous hand and foot dermatitis. Chlorocresol is the preservative used in sorbolene cream as well as many corticosteroid creams. Patch testing carried out in 1983 was negative but had omitted testing with chlorocresol or sorbolene cream.