bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level of IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β and age-related diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tylutka Anna , Walas Łukasz , Zembron-Lacny Agnieszka 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionChronic low-grade inflammation is an important aspect of morbidity and mortality in older adults. The level of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or IL-1β) is a risk factor in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and is also associated with sarcopenia and frailties. The objective of this study was to assess each cytokine: IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β separately in the elderly with comorbidities against controls without diseases according to the data published in the available literature.MethodsThe electronic bibliographic PubMed database was systematically searched to select all the relevant studies published up to July 2023. The total number of the subjects involved in the meta-analysis included patients with diseases (n=8154) and controls (n=33967).ResultsThe overall concentration of IL-6 was found to be higher in patients with diseases compared to controls and the difference was statistically significant, with a p-value of &lt;0.001 (SMD, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12–0.19). The heterogeneity was considerable with Q = 109.97 (P &lt;0.0001) and I2 = 79.2%. The potential diagnostic usefulness of IL-6 was confirmed by odds ratio (OR) analysis (OR: 1.03, 95% CI (1.01; 1.05), p=0.0029). The concentration of both TNF and IL-1β was elevated in the control group compared to patients and amounted to SMD -0.03; 95% CI, -0.09–0.02, p-value 0.533 and SMD-0.29; 95% CI, -0.47– -0.12; p = 0.001, respectively. For TNF, however, the difference was statistically insignificant.DiscussionIL-6, unlike TNF and IL-1β, could be a useful and convenient marker of peripheral inflammation in older adults with various comorbidities.
Associations between genetically determined dietary factors and risk of autism spectrum disorder: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Wenwen , Liu Cuncheng , Chen Shouqiang 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundExisting studies confirm the importance of dietary factors in developing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and disease progression. Still, these studies are primarily observational, and their causal relationship is unknown. Moreover, due to the extensive diversity of food types, the existing research remains somewhat limited in comprehensiveness. The inconsistency of the results of some studies is very disruptive to the clinic. This study infers a causal relationship between dietary factors on the risk of developing ASD from a genetic perspective, which may lead to significant low-cost benefits for children with ASD once the specificity of dietary factors interfering with ASD is confirmed.MethodsWe performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by selecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 18 common dietary factors from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database as instrumental variables (IVs) and obtaining pooled data for ASD (Sample size = 46,351) from the iPSYCH-PGC institution. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary analytical method to estimate causality, Cochran's Q test to assess heterogeneity, the Egger-intercept test to test for pleiotropy and sensitivity analysis to verify the reliability of causal association results.ResultsThe MR analysis identified four dietary factors with potential causal relationships: poultry intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 0.245, 95% CI: 0.084–0.718, P &lt; 0.05), beef intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 0.380, 95% CI: 0.165–0.874, P &lt; 0.05), cheese intake (random-effects IVW: OR = 1.526, 95% CI: 1.003–2.321, P &lt; 0.05), and dried fruit intake (fixed-effects IVW: OR = 2.167, 95% CI: 1.342–3.501, P &lt; 0.05). There was no causal relationship between the remaining 14 dietary factors and ASD (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study revealed potential causal relationships between poultry intake, beef intake, cheese intake, dried fruit intake, and ASD. Poultry and beef intake were associated with a reduced risk of ASD, while cheese and dried fruit intake were associated with an increased risk. Other dietary factors included in this study were not associated with ASD.
The effect of micronutrient on thyroid cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shen Jiali , Zhang Hong , Jiang Hongzhan , Lin Huihui , He Jiaxi , Fan Siyue , Yu Doudou , Yang Liping , Tang Hui , Lin Ende , Li Lianghui , Chen Lijuan 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe effect of micronutrients on thyroid cancer has been studied in observational studies, however, the cause of relationships has not yet been determined. Thyroid cancer was the subject of a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of micronutrients. Aimed to determine whether micronutrient intake has a causal impact on the chance of developing thyroid cancer.MethodsWe used a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with two samples. Our circulation levels of Cu, Ir, Zn, Ca, VD, and VC were reflected by genetic variations reported from GWAS in individuals of European ancestry. For the GWAS outcome of thyroid cancer. Sensitivity studies that included MR-Egger, weighted median/mode tests, and a more open selection of variations at a genome-wide sub-significant threshold were added to our inverse-variance weighted (IVW) MR study.ResultsUsing the IVW approach, we did not find evidence that any of the micronutrients to thyroid cancer (Cu: odds ratio [OR = 0.88, p = 0.41]; Zn: odds ratio [OR = 0.87, p = 0.40]; Ir: odds ratio [OR = 1.18, p = 0.39]; Ca: odds ratio [OR = 1.12, p = 0.43]; VC: odds ratio [OR = 0.95, p = 0.22]; VD: odds ratio [OR = 0.89, p = 0.04]). The heterogeneity (p &gt; 0.05) and pleiotropy (p &gt; 0.05) testing provided confirmatory evidence for the validity of our MR estimates.ConclusionThis study does not provide evidence that supplementation with micronutrients including Cu, Ir, Zn, Ca, VD, and VC can prevent thyroid cancer.
Research progress on arsenic, arsenic-containing medicinal materials, and arsenic-containing preparations: clinical application, pharmacological effects, and toxicity
Authors: Yang Yichu , Li Yiye , Li Ran , Wang Zhang 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The toxicity of arsenic is widely recognized globally, mainly harming human health by polluting water, soil, and food. However, its formulations can also be used for the clinical treatment of diseases such as leukemia and tumors. Arsenic has been used as a drug in China for over 2,400 years, with examples such as the arsenic-containing drug realgar mentioned in Shennong’s Herbal Classic. We have reviewed references on arsenic over the past thirty years and found that research has mainly focused on clinical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects.Results and Discussion: The finding showed that in clinical practice, arsenic trioxide is mainly used in combination with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) at a dose of 10 mg/d for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); realgar can be used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and lymphoma. In terms of pharmacology, arsenic mainly exerts anti-tumor effects. The dosage range of the action is 0.01–80 μmol/L, and the concentration of arsenic in most studies does not exceed 20 μmol/L. The pharmacological effects of realgar include antiviral activity, inhibition of overactivated lactate dehydrogenase, and resistance to malaria parasites. In terms of toxicity, arsenic is toxic to multiple systems in a dose-dependent manner. For example, 5 μmol/L sodium arsenite can induce liver oxidative damage and promote the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and 15 μmol/L sodium arsenite induces myocardial injury; when the concentration is higher, it is more likely to cause toxic damage.
Differential change in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of loneliness, socialization, and mental well-being
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed S. , Rukh Gull , Vadlin Sofia , Olofsdotter Susanne , Åslund Cecilia , Schiöth Helgi B. , Nilsson Kent W. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic led to a surge in mental health issues and psychological distress, disruption to work/studying conditions, and social isolation particularly among young adults. Changes in these factors are differentially associated with alcohol use. Moreover, the relationship between these factors are bidirectional and may have fluctuated throughout the different phases of the pandemic. However, studies focusing on young adults had conflicting results, short follow-up periods, and lacked comprehensive data to describe underlying mechanisms.Methods1067 young adults participated in repetitive measures termed wave 4 (2021) of the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland Cohort “SALVe” Cohort. Of these, 889 also completed pre-pandemic measurements termed wave 3 (2018). Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to evaluate alcohol consumption and harmful use. Cross-sectional associations between perceived changes in alcohol use and shift in individual, mental health, and work environment factors were examined using Chi-square tests. Logistic regression was utilized to identify pre-pandemic predictors of harmful consumption during the pandemic.ResultsHarmful consumption decreased only in females following the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants who reported increased feelings of depression, anxiety, and loneliness were more likely to increase their alcohol use. Interestingly, the subgroup who felt less lonely and met their friends more often, as well as those who continued working/studying from their regular workplace also had an increased likelihood of higher consumption. Only pre-pandemic ADHD and delinquency symptoms predicted harmful alcohol consumption following the pandemic.ConclusionFemales reduced harmful alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. While those who suffered the burden of social isolation and distress were more likely to increase their alcohol use, young adults who felt less lonely and met their friends more often also had a similar outcome. The relationship between loneliness and alcohol consumption among young adults is influenced by the social factors that may be facilitated by drinking.
Exposure to urban green spaces and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from two low and lower-middle-income countries
Authors: Patwary Muhammad Mainuddin , Bardhan Mondira , İnan Hüseyin Ertan , Browning Matthew H. E. M. , Disha Asma Safia , Haque Md. Zahidul , Helmy Mai , Ashraf Sadia , Dzhambov Angel M. , Shuvo Faysal Kabir , Alam Md. Ashraful , Billah Sharif Mutasim , Kabir Md. Pervez , Hossain Md. Riad , Azam Md. Golam , Rahman Md. Mijanur , Swed Sarya , Sah Ranjit , Montenegro-Idrogo Juan J. , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health globally, with limited access to mental health care affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) the most. In response, alternative strategies to support mental health have been necessary, with access to green spaces being a potential solution. While studies have highlighted the role of green spaces in promoting mental health during pandemic lockdowns, few studies have focused on the role of green spaces in mental health recovery after lockdowns. This study investigated changes in green space access and associations with mental health recovery in Bangladesh and Egypt across the pandemic.MethodsAn online survey was conducted between January and April 2021 after the first lockdown was lifted in Bangladesh (n = 556) and Egypt (n = 660). We evaluated indoor and outdoor greenery, including the number of household plants, window views, and duration of outdoor visits. The quantity of greenness was estimated using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This index was estimated using satellite images with a resolution of 10x10m during the survey period (January-April 2021) with Sentinel-2 satellite in the Google Earth Engine platform. We calculated averages within 250m, 300m, 500m and 1000m buffers of the survey check-in locations using ArcGIS 10.3. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate relationships between changes in natural exposure and changes in mental health.ResultsThe results showed that mental health improved in both countries after the lockdown period. People in both countries increased their time spent outdoors in green spaces after the lockdown period, and these increases in time outdoors were associated with improved mental health. Unexpectedly, changes in the number of indoor plants after the lockdown period were associated with contrasting mental health outcomes; more plants translated to increased anxiety and decreased depression. Refocusing lives after the pandemic on areas other than maintaining indoor plants may assist with worrying and feeling panicked. Still, indoor plants may assist with depressive symptoms for people remaining isolated.ConclusionThese findings have important implications for policymakers and urban planners in LMICs, highlighting the need to increase access to natural environments in urban areas to improve mental health and well-being in public health emergencies.
Mitigation of Salt Stress in Rice by the Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Enterobacter asburiae D2
Authors: Ning Zican , Lin Kexin , Gao Mengya , Han Xiao , Guan Qingjie , Ji Xiang , Yu Shuyu , Lu Lei 
Published: March 2024

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that seriously affects crop growth worldwide. In this work, we aimed to isolate potential halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to mitigate the adverse impacts of salt stress in rice. An isolate, D2, with multiple plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics was identified as Enterobacter asburiae D2. Strain D2 could produce indole-3-acetic acid and siderophore. It also exhibited phosphate solubilization and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic deaminase activity. Genome analysis further provided insights into the molecular mechanism of its PGP abilities. Strain D2 inoculation efficiently stimulated rice growth under both normal and saline conditions. Compared with the non-inoculated plants, a significant increase in plant height (18.1–34.7%), root length (25.9–57.1%), root dry weight (57.1–150%), and shoot dry weight (17.3–50.4%) was recorded in inoculated rice seedlings. Meanwhile, rice seedlings inoculated with strain D2 showed improvement in chlorophyll and proline content, while the oxidant damage was reduced in these plants in comparison with the control group. Moreover, the K+/Na+ ratio of the inoculated rice seedlings exposed to NaCl and Na2CO3 was higher than that of the uninoculated groups. These results imply that Enterobacter asburiae D2 is a potential PGPR that can be used for alleviation of salt stress in rice.
OsUGT88C3 Encodes a UDP-Glycosyltransferase Responsible for Biosynthesis of Malvidin 3-O-Galactoside in Rice
Authors: Zhao Sihan , Fu Shuying , Cao Zhenfeng , Liu Hao , Huang Sishu , Li Chun , Zhang Zhonghui , Yang Hongbo , Wang Shouchuang , Luo Jie , Long Tuan 
Published: March 2024

The diversity of anthocyanins is largely due to the action of glycosyltransferases, which add sugar moieties to anthocyanidins. Although a number of glycosyltransferases have been identified to glycosylate anthocyanidin in plants, the enzyme that catalyzes malvidin galactosylation remains unclear. In this study, we identified three rice varieties with different leaf color patterns, different anthocyanin accumulation patterns, and different expression patterns of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (ABGs) to explore uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) responsible for biosynthesis of galactosylated malvidin. Based on correlation analysis of transcriptome data, nine candidate UGT genes coexpressed with 12 ABGs were identified (r values range from 0.27 to 1.00). Further analysis showed that the expression levels of one candidate gene, OsUGT88C3, were highly correlated with the contents of malvidin 3-O-galactoside, and recombinant OsUGT88C3 catalyzed production of malvidin 3-O-galactoside using UDP-galactose and malvidin as substrates. OsUGT88C3 was closely related to UGTs with flavone and flavonol glycosylation activities in phylogeny. Its plant secondary product glycosyltransferase (PSPG) motif ended with glutamine. Haplotype analysis suggested that the malvidin galactosylation function of OsUGT88C3 was conserved among most of the rice germplasms. OsUGT88C3 was highly expressed in the leaf, pistil, and embryo, and its protein was located in the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. Our findings indicate that OsUGT88C3 is responsible for the biosynthesis of malvidin 3-O-galactoside in rice and provide insight into the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in plants.
Special Issue: Pharmacy Education and Practice -Print Issue
Authors:   Patient Safety Authority
Published: March 2024

In celebration of National Pharmacist Day, recognizing the importance of pharmacists and their crucial role in our health and well-being, today we are publishing a special issue of Patient Safety dedicated to pharmacy education and practice. Our January 2022 issue is now available to read and download at no charge at PatientSafetyJ.com. It features timely manuscripts from pharmacy students, practitioners, educators, and experts: data articles, focused reviews, interviews, and perspectives and insights about advances and challenges in the field now and in the near future. • Michael Cohen, founder and president of the Institute for Safe Medication Practices, discusses the importance of sharing information (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73489) • A close look at antibiotic stewardship (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73492)in a community hospital emergency department • Daniel Degnan shares how to develop good habits (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73491) to better your life and work practices • Learn how a hospital and pharmacy school collaborated to instill appreciation of safety culture (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73490) in students • Children and babies are uniquely vulnerable to medication errors in the hospital—but there are ways to keep them safe (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73493) • Patrick McDonnell describes the challenges and rewards of being an academic pharmacist (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73495) • Strategies for reducing immunization-related stress and anxiety (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/73494) that can improve safety and combat vaccine hesitancy Thank you to our authors, peer reviewers, editorial board members, and Patient Safety Authority staff for making Patient Safety possible—and special appreciation to this issue’s guest editors: Michael Cohen, ScD (hon.), DPS (hon.), RPh; Daniel Degnan, PharmD; and Patrick McDonnell, PharmD. Patient Safety is fully open access (no fees for authors or readers) and published on a rolling basis throughout the year. We welcome manuscripts from all over the world. If your work can help advance patient safety, please submit it to us for consideration (https://patientsafetyj.com/for-authors), and kindly share our journal with friends, family, colleagues, and caregivers. Subscribe to our journal email list (https://lp.constantcontactpages.com/sl/otqI5QB/journalupdates) to be updated on new articles as they are published online.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN TATALAKSANA SINDROM EPILEPSI: SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR
Authors: Putri Derby Ayudhia Utami Iskandar , Sari Riri Gusnita 
Published: March 2024

Definisi dan klasifikasi sindrom epilepsi pertama kali disampaikan oleh International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) tahun 1985. Menurut ILAE sindrom epilepsi merupakan gangguan epilepsi yang ditandai dengan sekelompok tanda dan gejala, yang dapat terjadi bersamaan. Gejala bergantung pada usia dan serangkaian penyakit penyerta tertentu. Penulis bertujuan menggabungkan berbagai literatur terkini mengenai sindrom epilepsi. Literatur diambil menggunakan database Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Library dalam kurun waktu 4 (empat) tahun, 2019-2023. Studi yang diikutsertakan ke dalam literatur yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi meliputi studi yang menjelaskan mengenai sindrom epilepsi dan karakteristiknya. Klasifikasi sindrom epilepsi dibagi berdasarkan jenis kejang dan onset usia. Setiap jenis memiliki karakteristik dan tatalaksana yang berbeda. Sindrom epilepsi pada masa anak yang paling sering dijumpai meliputi, Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures Alone/ GTCSA, Childhood Absence Epilepsy/ CAE, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome/ LGS, West syndrome/ WS, Self-Limited Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes/ SLCECTS. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa inisiasi pengobatan antikejang pada sindrom epilepsi bergantung pada usia dan efektivitas yang berbeda dari obat antiepilepsi.
Percepción de los estudiantes ante la virtualización de las aulas en la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche
Authors: González Mayté Cadena , Bojórquez María Alejandra Sarmiento , Rosado Juan Fernando Casanova 
Published: March 2024

Ante la pandemia de COVID-19 y el cierre de las escuelas en el año 2 020, la virtualización de las aulas fue la solución que permitió la continuidad del proceso educativo. La Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, al finalizar la emergencia y regresar a clases presenciales determina que se seguirá utilizando las aulas virtuales durante los siguientes periodos de clases como apoyo para la enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción sobre la virtualización de las aulas, de los alumnos de la escuela preparatoria Dr. Nazario Víctor Montejo Godoy, después de la pandemia de COVID-19. La investigación realizada es de tipo descriptivo, y el diseño es el no experimental con corte transversal. En conclusión, los alumnos se sintieron satisfechos; el 96.1% indica un buen nivel de satisfacción de la virtualización realizada considerando buena la metodología empleada por los docentes, los recursos y materiales didácticos adecuados y un buen sistema de evaluación. Ante los resultados se busca fortalecer las estrategias utilizadas para una mejora continua y el desarrollo de las habilidades digitales.
Keeping an Eye Out for Immunotherapy Toxicity: A Case of Unilateral Ptosis Caused by Ipilimumab/Nivolumab Therapy
Authors: Jazieh Khalid , Kottschade Lisa , Dimou Anastasios 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite ocular adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors being uncommon, they are still important complications to be aware of. We present the case of metastatic melanoma on ipilimumab/nivolumab in a patient who developed immunotherapy complications with delayed diagnosis because the only presenting symptom was unilateral ptosis. We reviewed the literature for relevant and important ocular and neurological complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors.