bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Datalog Tools for Meta-reasoning over OWL 2 QL
Authors: QURESHI HAYA MAJID , FABER WOLFGANG 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetamodeling is a general approach to expressing knowledge about classes and properties in an ontology. It is a desirable modeling feature in multiple applications that simplifies the extension and reuse of ontologies. Nevertheless, allowing metamodeling without restrictions is problematic for several reasons, mainly due to undecidability issues. Practical languages, therefore, forbid classes to occur as instances of other classes or treat such occurrences as semantically different objects. Specifically, meta-querying in SPARQL under the Direct Semantic Entailment Regime uses the latter approach, thereby effectively not supporting meta-queries. However, several extensions enabling different metamodeling features have been proposed over the last decade. This paper deals with the Metamodeling Semantics (MS) over OWL 2 QL and the Metamodeling Semantic Entailment Regime (MSER), as proposed in Lenzerini et al. (2015, Description Logics) and Lenzerini et al. (2020, Information Systems 88, 101294), Cima et al. (2017, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Web Intelligence, Mining and Semantics, 1–6). A reduction from OWL 2 QL to Datalog for meta-querying was proposed in Cima et al. (2017, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Web Intelligence, Mining and Semantics, 1–6). In this paper, we experiment with various logic programming tools that support Datalog querying to determine their suitability as back-ends to MSER query answering. These tools stem from different logic programming paradigms (Prolog, pure Datalog, Answer Set Programming, Hybrid Knowledge Bases). Our work shows that the Datalog approach to MSER querying is practical also for sizeable ontologies with limited resources (time and memory). This paper significantly extends Qureshi and Faber (2021, International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, Springer, 218–233.) by a more detailed experimental analysis and more background.
Hayek's extended mind: on the (im)possibility of Austrian behavioural economics
Authors: Dekker Erwin , Remic Blaž 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent work has argued for a Hayekian behavioural economics, which combines Austrian economics with behavioural economics as developed by Kahneman, Thaler, Sunstein, and others. We suggest that this hybrid is misguided because it relies on individual cognitivism. This view of cognition is incompatible with the Hayekian view of cognition which treats rationality as an emergent phenomenon of social interaction in an institutional environment. This Hayekian view, which we call epistemic institutionalism, is compatible with an alternative prominent perspective in psychology, that of the extended mind, sometimes known as 4E cognition. We demonstrate how the Hayekian perspective on individualism, the price system, and the evolution of rules can be connected to the extended mind programme, through concepts such as the coupling of the individual and their environment, cognitive off-loading, and affordances. We suggest that this alternative combination of Austrian economics and psychology provides a more fruitful way forward, especially because it foregrounds the processes of learning, error-correction, and institutional orders, rather than choice, bias, and individual rationality. To explain why Austrian economists have been receptive to behavioural economics, we distinguish epistemic institutionalism from the (radical) subjectivist approach, which shares key assumptions of individual cognitivism.
Combining 77–81 GHz MIMO FMCW radar with frequency-steered antennas: a case study for 3D target localization
Authors: Kwiatkowski Patrick , Orth Alexander , Pohl Nils 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a compact 6 × 8 channel multiple-input multiple-output frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar system capable of determining the three-dimensional positions of targets despite utilizing a linear virtual array. The compact system, containing two cascaded radar transceiver ICs, has 48 virtual channels. We conduct a direction of arrival estimation with these virtual channels to determine the azimuth angle. To overcome the spatial limitation of the linear array, we use frequency-steered transmit antennas, which vary their main lobe direction during the frequency chirp, allowing the elevation angle to be determined by using a sliding window fast Fourier transform algorithm. In this study, we present the system’s concept along with the associated signal processing. By taking measurements in different scenarios, each with differently placed corner reflectors, we investigate the capability of the system to separate adjacent targets concerning range, azimuth, and elevation. These measurements are additionally employed to point out the design trade-offs inherent to the system.
Broadband packaging solution in embedded wafer level ball grid array technology for D-band PMCW radar
Authors: Bekker Elizabeth , Gramlich Georg , Valenziano Luca , de Oliveira Lucas Giroto , Antes Theresa , Zwick Thomas , Bhutani Akanksha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA system-in-package for a wideband digital radar, in D-band, requires broadband, high-gain antennas combined with broadband chip-to-package and package-to-printed circuit board (PCB) interconnects. This paper demonstrates a wideband, low-loss quasi-coaxial signal transition, and a novel electric split ring resonator (eSRR)-based antenna-in-package (AiP) with a modified reflector concept, for improved gain, in embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) technology. A complete chip-to-package-to-PCB interconnect is also demonstrated by combining the quasi-coaxial transition with a chip-to-package interconnect. The quasi-coaxial signal transition has the largest impedance bandwidth among ball grid array-based quasi-coaxial signal transitions. For the modified reflector concept, a horn-shaped cavity is micromachined in the PCB substrate and remetallized with aerosol-jet printing, placing the reflector 0.25λ from the antenna. The antenna gain is improved with up to 5.3 dB. The AiP with the horn-shaped reflector is the single element with the highest gain, in eWLB technology, above 100 GHz.
The developmental origins of health and disease and intergenerational inheritance: a scoping review of multigenerational cohort studies
Authors: Tan Jie , Zhang Zifang , Yan Lijing L. , Xu Xiaolin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Epidemiologic research has increasingly acknowledged the importance of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) and suggests that prior exposures can be transferred across generations. Multigenerational cohorts are crucial to verify the intergenerational inheritance among human subjects. We carried out this scoping review aims to summarize multigenerational cohort studies’ characteristics, issues, and implications and hence provide evidence to the DOHaD and intergenerational inheritance. We adopted a comprehensive search strategy to identify multigenerational cohorts, searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from the inception of each dataset to June 20th, 2022, to retrieve relevant articles. After screening, 28 unique multigenerational cohort studies were identified. We classified all studies into four types: population-based cohort extended three-generation cohort, birth cohort extended three-generation cohort, three-generation cohort, and integrated birth and three-generation cohort. Most cohorts (n = 15, 53%) were categorized as birth cohort extended three-generation studies. The sample size of included cohorts varied from 41 to 167,729. The study duration ranged from two years to 31 years. Most cohorts had common exposures, including socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, and grandparents’ and parents’ health and risk behaviors over the life course. These studies usually investigated intergenerational inheritance of diseases as the outcomes, most frequently, obesity, child health, and cardiovascular diseases. We also found that most multigenerational studies aim to disentangle genetic, lifestyle, and environmental contributions to the DOHaD across generations. We call for more research on large multigenerational well-characterized cohorts, up to four or even more generations, and more studies from low- and middle-income countries.
Anaesthesia and brain development: a review of propofol-induced neurotoxicity in pediatric populations
Authors: Zhang Weixin , Liu Qi , Wang Junli , Liu Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With the advancement of medical technology, there are increasing opportunities for new-borns, infants, and pregnant women to be exposed to general anaesthesia. Propofol is commonly used for the induction of anaesthesia, maintenance of general intravenous anaesthesia and sedation of intensive-care children. Many previous studies have found that propofol has organ-protective effects, but growing evidence suggests that propofol interferes with brain development, affecting learning and cognitive function. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest progress in understanding the neurotoxicity of propofol. Evidence from case studies and clinical studies suggests that propofol has neurotoxicity on the developing brain. We classify the findings on propofol-induced neurotoxicity based on its damage mechanism. We end by summarizing the current protective strategies against propofol neurotoxicity. Fully understanding the neurotoxic mechanisms of propofol can help us use it at a reasonable dosage, reduce its side effects, and increase patient safety.
Evaluation of Leaf‐To‐Canopy Upscaling Approaches for Simulating Canopy Carbonyl Sulfide Uptake and Gross Primary Productivity
Authors: Chen Bin , Wang Pengyuan , Wang Shaoqiang , Liu Zhenhai , Croft Holly 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbonyl sulfide (COS) measurements provide an important mechanism for quantifying the terrestrial carbon and water cycles. Terrestrial photosynthesis can be inferred from vegetative uptake of COS due to the shared diffusion pathway of COS and CO2 into the chloroplasts. However, the efficacy of different leaf‐to‐canopy upscaling approaches for estimating plant COS uptake and photosynthesis at the canopy scale remains uncertain. In this study, the daytime canopy COS uptake rate (Fcosc) and gross primary productivity (GPP) were simulated using big leaf (BL), two big leaf (TBL) and two leaf (TL) upscaling approaches in the Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator terrestrial biosphere model for two forest sites. We found that TL and TBL performed better than BL in estimating GPP as evaluated by the eddy covariance derived GPP at the studied sites. BL overestimated GPP and canopy stomatal conductance to COS (Gs_cos), resulting from the overestimation of canopy intercepted solar radiation. The positive biases of GPP by TBL could be attributed to the positive biases in GPP of shaded leaves by TBL. The results in this study demonstrate the improved accuracy in using TL for estimating GPP at the canopy scale. Improved leaf‐to‐canopy upscaling approach in terrestrial biosphere models will improve the accuracy of canopy COS uptake and GPP estimation on regional to global scales.
Different Response of the Ionospheric TEC and EEJ to Ultra‐Fast Kelvin Waves in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere
Authors: Sun Ruidi , Gu Sheng‐Yang , Dou Xiankang , Qin Yusong , Wei Yafei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe studied the response of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and equatorial electrojet (EEJ) to the ultra‐fast Kelvin wave (UFKW) at the equator in the mesosphere using zonal wind data obtained from TIMED Doppler Interferometer (TIDI), EEJ data over the monitoring station Jicamarca (12°S, 77°W) and global TEC maps. The least squares fitting method is utilized to perform a spectral analysis of zonal wind, EEJ and TEC. Our analysis results demonstrate that UFKW events can be divided into four categories: (a) UFKW events with both TEC and EEJ response; (b) UFKW events with TEC response but without EEJ response; (c) UFKW events with EEJ response but without TEC response; (d) UFKW events without neither TEC response nor EEJ response. The first type of UFKW events occur the most often and is generally thought to generate a response in EEJ at approximately 105–110 km through the dynamo effect. The polarization electric field associated with EEJ then produces a response in the ionospheric TEC through the fountain effect. The lack of EEJ response in the second type of UFKWs may be due to the influence of eastward background winds. We found that all UFKW events with EEJ response have a response in TEC. The fourth type of UFKWs have smaller amplitudes, shorter vertical wavelengths and longer periods, which make them more likely to dissipate and cannot propagate to higher altitudes. These UFKWs cannot propagate to the altitude of EEJ and produce a response in EEJ, much less in TEC.
Predicting Ecosystem Net Primary Productivity by Percolation Theory and Optimality Principle
Authors: Hunt Allen G. , Sahimi Muhammad , Ghanbarian Behzad , Poveda German 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe basic partitioning of precipitation P into evapotranspiration ET and run‐off Q is known as the “central problem of hydrology.” ET depends primarily on precipitation, P, and potential evapotranspiration, PET, which are connected by the biological process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the fundamental step underlying the productivity of plant ecosystems. An important measure of plant productivity is the creation of plant biomass, which is quantified by net primary productivity, NPP. NPP is most parsimoniously related simply to the evapotranspiration, ET. The dependence of NPP (ET) appears to be in the form of a power law with an upper limit derived from the maximum plant‐available solar energy accessible on Earth. However, theoretical, rather than phenomenological, treatments relating ET and its complementary variable, run‐off (P − ET ≡ Q) to climate variables that measure the available energy (PET) and available water (P) (known as the water balance) are, at best, scarce, and their continued application to predicting NPP (P, PET) even more so. One theory developed recently to predict the water balance is based on determining how to divide P into Q and ET in such a way as to maximize NPP. Substitution of the resulting optimized ET (P, PET) into the function NPP (ET) then yields NPP (P, PET). We investigate the possibility that this new theoretical framework, which yields ET(P, PET) based on ecological optimality and percolation theory, can predict the dependence of NPP (P, PET). If the prediction of NPP (P, PET) is verified, this result may lead to significant progress in other areas, including the problem of the chief causes of geographical variability of species richness.
The dual HCK/BTK inhibitor KIN-8194 impairs growth and integrin-mediated adhesion of BTKi-resistant mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Lantermans Hildo C. , Ma Fangxue , Kuil Annemieke , van Kesteren Sanne , Yasinoglu Sevtap , Yang Guang , Buhrlage Sara J. , Wang Jinhua , Gray Nathanael S. , Kersten Marie José , Treon Steven P. , Pals Steven T. , Spaargaren Marcel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors (BTKi) have significantly improved patient prognosis, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is still considered incurable due to primary and acquired resistance. We have recently shown that aberrant expression of the Src-family tyrosine kinase hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) in MCL correlates with poor prognosis, and that genetic HCK perturbation impairs growth and integrin-mediated adhesion of MCL cells. Here, we show that KIN-8194, a dual inhibitor of BTK and HCK with in vivo activity against Myd88-L265P-driven diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, has a potent growth inhibitory effect in MCL cell lines and primary MCL cells, irrespective of their sensitivity to BTKi (ibrutinib and acalabrutinib). In BTKi-resistant cells this is mediated by inhibition of HCK, which results in repression of AKT-S6 signaling. In addition, KIN-8194 inhibits integrin-mediated adhesion of BTKi-sensitive and insensitive MCL cells to fibronectin and stromal cells in an HCK-dependent manner. Finally, we show that MCL cells with acquired BTKi resistance retain their sensitivity to KIN-8194. Taken together, our data demonstrate that KIN-8194 inhibits growth and integrin-mediated adhesion of BTKi-sensitive MCL cells, as well as MCL cells with primary or acquired BTKi resistance. This renders KIN-8194 a promising novel treatment for MCL patients.
Regulation of HOX gene expression in AML
Authors: Khan Irum , Amin Mohammed A. , Eklund Elizabeth A. , Gartel Andrei L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs key developmental regulators, HOX cluster genes have varied and context-specific roles in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. A complex interaction of transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, long non-coding RNAs and chromatin structural changes orchestrate HOX expression in leukemia cells. In this review we summarize molecular mechanisms underlying HOX regulation in clinical subsets of AML, with a focus on NPM1 mutated (NPM1mut) AML comprising a third of all AML patients. While the leukemia initiating function of the NPM1 mutation is clearly dependent on HOX activity, the favorable treatment responses in these patients with upregulation of HOX cluster genes is a poorly understood paradoxical observation. Recent data confirm FOXM1 as a suppressor of HOX activity and a well-known binding partner of NPM suggesting that FOXM1 inactivation may mediate the effect of cytoplasmic NPM on HOX upregulation. Conversely the residual nuclear fraction of mutant NPM has also been recently shown to have chromatin modifying effects permissive to HOX expression. Recent identification of the menin-MLL interaction as a critical vulnerability of HOX-dependent AML has fueled the development of menin inhibitors that are clinically active in NPM1 and MLL rearranged AML despite inconsistent suppression of the HOX locus. Insights into context-specific regulation of HOX in AML may provide a solid foundation for targeting this common vulnerability across several major AML subtypes.
Medication adherence halves COPD patients’ hospitalization risk – evidence from Swiss health insurance data
Authors: Bischof Anja Y. , Cordier Johannes , Vogel Justus , Geissler Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMedication adherence is vital for patients suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to mitigate long-term consequences. The impact of poor medication adherence on inferior outcomes like exacerbations leading to hospital admissions is yet to be studied using real-world data. Using Swiss claims data from 2015-2020, we group patients into five categories according to their medication possession ratio. By employing a logistic regression, we quantify each category’s average treatment effect of the medication possession ratio on hospitalized exacerbations. 13,557 COPD patients are included in the analysis. Patients with high medication adherence (daily medication reserve of 80% to 100%) are 51% less likely to incur exacerbation following a hospital stay than patients with the lowest medication adherence (daily medication reserve of 0% to 20%). The study shows that medication adherence varies strongly among Swiss COPD patients. Furthermore, high medication adherence immensely decreases the risk of hospitalized exacerbations.
An Integrated Multi-Source Dataset for Measuring Settlement Evolution in the United States from 1810 to 2020
Authors: Ahn Yoonjung , Leyk Stefan , Uhl Johannes H. , McShane Caitlin M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUnderstanding changes in the built environment is vital for sustainable urban development and disaster preparedness. Recent years have seen the emergence of a variety of global, continent-level, and nation-wide datasets related to the current state and the evolution of the built environment, human settlements or building stocks. However, such datasets may face limitations like incomplete coverage, sparse building information, coarse resolution, and limited timeframes. This study addresses these challenges by integrating three spatial datasets to create an extensive, attribute-rich sequence of settlement layers spanning 200 years for the contiguous U.S. This integration process involves complex data processing, merging property-level real estate, parcel, and remote sensing-based building footprint data, and creating gridded multi-temporal settlement layers. This effort unveils the latest edition (Version 2) of the Historical Settlement Data Compilation for the U.S. (HISDAC-US), which includes the latest land use and structural information as of the year 2021. It enables detailed research on urban form and structure, helps assess and map the built environment’s risk to natural hazards, assists in population modeling, supports land use analysis, and aids health studies.
The mechanisms underlying conditioning of phantom percepts differ between those with hallucinations and synesthesia
Authors: del Rio Magdalena , Kafadar Eren , Fisher Victoria , D’Costa Rhys , Powers Albert , Ward Jamie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere are many different kinds of ‘phantom’ percepts but it is unknown whether they are united by common mechanisms. For example, synaesthesia (e.g., numbers evoking colour) and hallucinations appear conceptually and phenomenologically similar: both result in a percept that does not have an environmental correlate. Here, people with synaesthesia (n = 66) performed a conditioned hallucinations paradigm known to be sensitive to hallucination susceptibility, and we asked whether synaesthetes would show the same behavioural profile as hallucinators in this task. Repeated pairing of checkerboards with tones, and gratings with colours encourages the participant to draw on prior knowledge when asked to report on the presence of the difficult-to-detect target stimulus. Synaesthetes show increased modelled expectancies for the stimulus association across the board, resulting in a higher number of detections at all stimulus intensities. This is in contrast to the pattern observed in hallucinators, who weigh their prior beliefs more strongly than controls, giving rise to more conditioned hallucinations. Results indicate that fundamentally different perceptual processes may be at the core of these seemingly similar experiences.
Silver molybdate: an excellent optical limiting material under nanoregime for photonic device application
Authors: Binish B. , Lokesh B. , Veer Yukesh , Peters Silda , Abith M. , Girisun T. C. Sabari , Rahulan K. Mani 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is a mounting demand for nonlinear optical materials with superior optical limiting performance which has a noticeable impact on protecting the delicate optical components from laser-induced damage. Transition metal molybdates have garnered attention in the nonlinear optics field due to their outstanding optical and luminescent properties, which give rise to widespread applications in next-generation optoelectronics devices. The structural confirmation of the as prepared silver molybdate nanoparticles were made by XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis. The linear optical properties and the band gap of the synthesized material were studied using UV–Visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. SEM analysis revealed the pebble like morphology of the silver molybdate nanostructures. The nonlinear responses of the samples were studied using open aperture z-scan approach with Nd:YAG pulsed laser (532 nm, 9 ns, 10 Hz). The sample exhibits reverse saturable absorption pattern attributed to the two photon absorption (2PA) mechanism. The obtained OL threshold value is in the order of 1012 which is suitable for fabricating optical limiters in nano second pulsed laser regime.