bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Compounds Having a Chiral Center Directly Connected to the Core Aromatic Ring. Synthesis of Chiral 4-(1-Propoxyethyl)benzenol and-benzoic Acid, 4-(1-Carboxyethyl)benzenol and the Esters Derived Therefrom
Authors: Kusumoto Tetsuo , Ueda Tomoko , Hiyama Tamejiro , Takehara Sadao , Shoji Tadao , Osawa Masashi , Kuriyama Takeshi , Nakamura Kayoko , Fujisawa Toru 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The title compounds were prepared through asymmetric reductions and derivatized into the ester compounds which were shown to be potent chiral dopants for ferroelectric liquid crystal materials.
Kinetic Resolution of Racemic β-Hydroxy Amines by Enantioselective N-Oxide Formation
Authors: Hayashi Masahiko , Okamura Fumie , Toba Taketo , Oguni Nobuki , Sharpless K Barry 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Kinetic resolution of racemic β-hydroxy amines with a t-butyl substituent was attained in high optical yield by asymmetric oxidation.
Novel Generation of o-Quinone Methides on the Basis of Lewis Acid Catalyzed 1,4-Dethiolation of o-(1-(Alkylthio)alkyl)phenols
Authors: Inoue Tsutomu , Inoue Seiichi , Sato Kikumasa 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The treatment of o-(1-(alkylthio)alkyl)phenols with Lewis acid resulted in the formation of o-quinone methides by the novel 1,4-dethiolation process, which, being activated with Lewis acid, reacted in situ with various dienophiles in the manner of Diels–Alder reaction in high efficiency. o-Quinone allide, provided from o-(1-(alkylthio)allyl)phenol, also behaved as heterodienes.
Reaction of Carbon Dioxide with (Poiphyrinato)aluminum Thiolates
Authors: Arai Toru , Sato Yoshihiro , Inoue Shohei 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Reaction of (tetraphenylporphyrinato)aluminum thiolate ((TPP)AlSR) with CO2 under atmospheric pressure at room temperature afforded (TPP)Al alkylthiocarbonate when R is alkyl or benzyl. Aluminum thiolate complex of capped porphyrin failed to undergo the same reaction, suggesting the importance of the sixth coordination site of the aluminum metal.
TeCl4-Mediated Reaction of β-Keto Nitroalkanes with Activated Olefins. Formation of 3-Acyl-2-isoxazolines
Authors: Suzuki Hitomi , Shimizu Hiroshi , Inamasu Tokuo , Tani Hiroyuki , Tamura Rui 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Treatment of β-keto nitroalkanes with tellurium tetrachloride followed by triethylamine in the presence of activated olefins leads to 3-acyl-2-isoxazolines in good to modest yields.
General and Facile Synthesis of 2-Substituted Tropothiones
Authors: Machiguchi Takahisa , Kano Yuichi , Hasegawa Toshio 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Several tropothiones having an electron-donating group at the C-2 position have been synthesized by direct thiocarbonylation of the corresponding tropones in polar solvents. The products are characterized by IR, UV-visible, and 1H NMR spectroscopies.
Inert Solvent for Catalytic C–H Activation. Achievement of High Conversion in Dehydrogenation of Alkane
Authors: Sakakura Toshiyasu , Ishida Katsuaki , Tanaka Masato 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
High conversions are achieved in photo-assisted dehydrogenation of alkane catalyzed by RhCl(CO)(PMe3)2 using bulky hydrocarbons like 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhexane and 1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene as inert solvents. Main by-product in cyclooctane dehydrogenation at a high conversion is 1,3-cyclooctadiene.
HPLC Separation of Enantiomers on a Chiral Stationary Phase Containing 1,1′-Bianthracene-2,2′-dicarboxylic Acid Bonded to Silica Gel
Authors: Ôi Shuichi , Shijo Masayuki , Miyano Sotaro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
A chiral stationaly phase (CSP) comprised of axially chiral 1,1′-bianthracene-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid chemically bonded to aminopropylsilanized silica gel was prepared for HPLC separation of enantiomers. This phase showed far better discrimination for a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic alcohols and diols as 3,5-dinitrophenylcarbamates than that which was prepared from 1,1′-binaphthalene-2,2′-dicarboxylic acid.
Diastereoselective S ynthesis of 2,5-Substituted Tetrahydrofurans by Intramolecular Alkylation of an Ester Enolate
Authors: Fujisawa Tamotsu , Okumura Yoshiyuki , Sato Toshio 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Highly diastereoselective cyclization is carried out by the intramolecular alkylation of an ester enolate of t-butyl α-alkoxyacetates. The addition of lithium salt enhances the diastereoselectivity of the reaction to afford 2,2,5-trisubstituted tetrahydrofurans.
Chelate Size Dependence of Dihydrogen-Hydride Exchange in Ruthenium(II) Molecular Hydrogen Complexes with Diphosphines [RuH(η2-H2)(P-P)2]PF6 (P-P = Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2; n = 2,3,4)
Authors: Saburi Masahiko , Aoyagi Ko , Takahashi Tamotsu , Uchida Yasuzo 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The introduction of H2 gas into CD2Cl2 solutions of the five-coordinate complexes [RuH(P-P)2]PF6 (1) resulted in the spontaneous generation of molecular hydrogen complexes [RuH(η2-H2)(P-P)2]PF6 (2) (P-P = 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane). 1H-NMR measurements revealed that the dihydrogen-hydride exchange for a series of complexes 2 depends significantly on the size of diphosphine chelate.
Effect of Sample Weight on Micro DSC Measurements of Heptacosane
Authors: Takamizawa Kanichiro , Urabe Yoshiko 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Micro DSC measurement of solution-crystallized heptacosane was confirmed to be reliable down to a sample weight of 0.01 mg order. However, a close contact between the sample of such a slight amount and the sample pan resulted in a decrease in the transition enthalpy. This effect was interpreted from an entropic standpoint.
Allylation of α-Diketones by Photochemical Reactions with Allylic Stannanes. Regiochemistry of Introduced Allylic Group
Authors: Takuwa Akio , Nishigaichi Yutaka , Yamashita Koichi , Iwamoto Hidetoshi 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Irradiation of an acetonitrile solution of benzils and acenaphthenequinone in the presence of allylic stannanes afforded homoallylic alcohols in good yields. In the reaction with unsymmetric allylstannanes, the allylic groups were introduced predominantly at α-positions. The completely regioselective introduction could be achieved by the irradiation in the presence of NaOH or CoCl2 as an additive.
Sulfurization Reaction of 1,3-Diphosphaallene. X-Ray Structure of cis-2,4-Bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1,2,4-thiadiphosphetane 2,4-Disulfide
Authors: Toyota Kozo , Yoshifuji Masaaki , Hirotsu Ken 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
1,3-Bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphaallene was reacted with elemental sulfur to give cis-2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1,2,4-thiadiphosphetane 2,4-disulfide and the structure was determined by X-ray crystallography.
Microbial Transformation of 2-Butyn-1,4-diol into 4-Hydroxy-2-butynoic Acid by Specific Oxidation of the Hydroxymethyl Group
Authors: Matsumura Shuichi , Yoda Nobuo , Endo Masato , Yoshikawa Sadao 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
2-Butyn-1,4-diol was oxidized quantitatively by the liophilized cell of Rhinocladiella atrovirens KY801 to afford the monocarboxylated product, 4-hydroxy-2-butynoic acid. Neither aldehydes nor degrading compounds were detected in the reaction mixture.
Enzymatic Oxidative Conversion of Thio to Oxo by Baker’s Yeast in Thiocarbamates and Thioureas
Authors: Kamal Ahmed , Rao Maddamsetty V , Rao Adari B 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The enzymatic conversion of aryl allylthiocarbamates and 1-allyl-3-arylthioureas by baker’s yeast to the corresponding carbamates and ureas in good yields is described.
Electroluminescence in a Terbium Complex
Authors: Kido Junji , Nagai Katsutoshi , Ohashi Yutaka 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Electroluminescent devises consisted of two layers, a hole injecting diamine layer and an emitting Tb3+ complex of acetylacetonate layer, were fabricated by vacuum deposition. The EL cells exhibited characteristic bright Tb3+ luminescence with high efficiency at low drive voltage.
17O NMR Evidence for Magnetic Anisotropy Due to Metal Cluster Cores
Authors: Onaka Satoru , Takagi Shigeru , Furuta Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
17O NMR spectra have been measured for series of metal carbonyl derivatives and convincing evidence for magnetic anisotropy due to the metal cluster core has been obtained from the comparison of the 17O chemical shift data for RCCo3(CO)7dppfe, RCCo3(CO)7dppm, MeCpMn(CO)xdppfe, and MeCpMn(CO)xdppm.
New Ring Opening Oxidation of Methyl Sterculate and Malvalate
Authors: Nakatani Munehiro , Matsuoka Yuki , Uchio Yasuto , Hase Tsunao 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Air oxidation of cyclopropane fatty acid methyl esters, methyl sterculate and malvalate, resulted in the cleavage of cyclopropene ring, respectively, to afford a pair of conjugated enones containing a terminal methylene group.
Crystal Structure of Photosensitive Uranyl Ethoxycarboxylate Complexes
Authors: Yokoyama Yu , Inaba Akira , Hara Hiroshi , Yamazaki Tomio , Tamura Hatsue , Kushi Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Two photosensitive uranyl complexes have been prepared and examined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Both compounds crystallize in the monoclinic system. In bis(β-ethoxypropionato)dioxouranium(VI), uranyl ions are equatorially coordinated by six carboxylate oxygen atoms, forming one-dimensional infinite chains. In bis(ethoxyacetato)dioxouranium(VI), uranyl ions are equatorially coordinated by four carboxylate and one ethoxy oxygen atoms, forming two-dimensional network of uranyl-ligand infinite chains.
Permeation Characteristics of a Glycolipid Monolayer-Deposited Agar Hydrogel
Authors: Higashi Nobuyuki , Takematsu Minoru , Niwa Masazo 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The monolayer film of glycolipid, 2C18-de-MA, containing α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-gluconamide as a hydrophilic head group and two long alkyl chains was successfully formed on an agar hydrogel by Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The permeability of the modified hydrogel membrane thus obtained depended strongly upon the hydrophobicity of permeants and could be controlled by the phase transition of the deposited monolayer.
Detection of the Triplet State of Some Organic Molecules Adsorbed on Cellulose Substrate by Diffuse Reflectance Laser Photolysis Method
Authors: Ikeda Noriaki , Hara Takeshi , Masuhara Hiroshi 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Absorption spectra and decay processes of the triplet states of sodium 1-pyrenylsulfonate, phenanthrene, and p-terphenyl adsorbed on cellulose filter paper have been measured directly by a nanosecond diffuse reflectance laser photolysis method.
An Expeditious Synthesis of the (2R,3S)- and (2S,3R)-3-Amino-2-hydroxycarboxylic Acids, the Key Components of a Renin Inhibitor and Bestatin, from (S)- and (R)-Phenylalanine
Authors: Matsuda Fuyuhiko , Matsumoto Teruyo , Ohsaki Masako , Ito Yoshio , Terashima Shiro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The title synthesis could be achieved by featuring highly diastereoselective formation of a cyanohydrin acetate from an aldehyde under the phase-transfer conditions.
Iodohydrin Synthesis from Simple and Functionalised Olefins on Treatment with Periodic Acid and Sodium Bisulfite
Authors: Ohta Hirofumi , Sakata Yasuyuki , Takeuchi Toshiyuki , Ishii Yasutaka 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Periodic acid (H5IO6) in combination with sodium bisulfite was found to be a prominent reagent to convert simple and functionalised olefins into the corresponding iodohydrins in fair to good yields under mild conditions. Allylic alcohols gave iodohydrins whose orientation obeyed anti-Markovnikov rule in contrast to olefins which gave Markovnikov products.
Enzymatic Preparation of Specifically Modified Linear Maltooligosaccharides through Porcine Pancreatic Amylase-Catalyzed Hydrolyses of Substituted γ-Cyclodextrins
Authors: Fujita Kahee , Tahara Tsutomu , Koga Toshitaka 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Specifically modified linear oligosaccharides were prepared by enzymatic hydrolyses of modified γ-cyclodextrins with porcine pancreatic amylase.
Ruthenium-catalyzed Reductive Alkylation of Active Methylene Compounds with Aldehydes under Synthesis Gas
Authors: Abe Fujio , Hayashi Teruyuki , Tanaka Masato 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Active methylene compounds undergo reductive alkylation with aldehydes when heated at 135–230 °C under synthesis gas of 100 atm in the presence of ruthenium carbonyl.
A Novel Stability Sequence of Lanthanoid Complexes with 1,2-Bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic Acid
Authors: Yuchi Akio , Hirai Manabu , Wada Hiroko , Nakagawa Genkichi 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Higher stability for lighter lanthanoid ions found in the complexation with 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid is ascribed to its relatively large cavity size and structural rigidity.
A Convenient Trifluoroacetylation of Arenes with 2-(Trifluoroacetoxy)pyridine
Authors: Keumi Takashi , Shimada Masakazu , Takahashi Masahiro , Kitajima Hidehiko 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
2-(Trifluoroacetoxy)pyridine (TFAP) is useful for trifluoroacetylating arenes under the Friedel–Crafts conditions. Benzene, alkylbenzenes, naphthalene, and dibenzofuran have reacted with TFAP in the presence of aluminum chloride in dichloromethane to give the corresponding trifluoromethyl aryl ketones in good isolated yields.
An Expedient Synthesis of Natural Diarylheptanoids Using the Organoselenium-mediated Reduction of Epoxy Ketone
Authors: Miyashita Masaaki , Hoshino Masahide , Yoshikoshi Akira 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The total synthesis of diarylheptanoids isolated from the male flowers of Alnus sieboldiana, yashabushiketol, yashabushiketodiol A, yashabushiketodiol B, and yashabushitriol, has been achieved in short steps by employing the organoselenium-mediated reduction of epoxy ketone as key steps.
Selective Ring-opening Reaction of Epoxides with Sodium Borohydride in the Presence of Cyclodextrins in Aqueous Media
Authors: Hu Ying , Uno Mitsunari , Harada Akira , Takahashi Shigetoshi 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
In the presence of cyclodextrins, the ring-opening reaction of epoxides with NaBH4 in aqueous media proceeded smoothly with high regio-selectivity, and kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides was observed.
Facile Carbon–Carbon Bond Heterolysis. SN1–E1 Reactions of t-Cumyl and t-Butyl Substituted Tricyanomethanes
Authors: Hirota Hiroshi , Mitsuhashi Tsutomu 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The tricyanomethanide ion C(CN)3− was found to serve as an efficient leaving group anion to generate unstable carbocations such as t-cumyl and t-butyl cations, the ability of carbon-terminated leaving groups so far examined being in the order C(CN)2N=NC6H4NO2-p &lt;&lt; C(CN)3 &lt;&lt; C(CN)2NO2.
An Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Atropisomeric 1,1′-Binaphthyls via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction
Authors: Suzuki Takatsugu , Hotta Hiroki , Hattori Tetsutaro , Miyano Sotaro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
High levels of asymmetric induction (up to 98% optical yield) were achieved in the joining of two naphthalene rings by the nucleophilic displacement of 1-menthoxyl group of 1-(−)-menthoxy-2-naphthoates (1) with 1-naphthyl Grignard reagnts. Also reported is a convenient preparation of the prerequisite 1 via treatment of methyl 1-methoxy-2-naphthoate with sodium (−)-menthoxide in DMF.
Facile Synthesis of S,S-Dialkyl Dithiocarbonates from Water, Sulfur, Carbon Monoxide, and Alkyl Halides
Authors: Mizuno Takumi , Yamaguchi Takitaro , Nishiguchi Ikuzo , Okushi Tsuneo , Hirashima Tsuneaki 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
S,S-Dialkyl dithiocarbonates were easily synthesized in good to excellent yields by the reaction of carbon monoxide with sulfur in the presence of water and triethylamine, followed by alkylation of the resulting salts with alkyl halides.
The Polymer-Protected Pd–Pt Bimetallic Clusters Having Catalytic Activity for Selective Hydrogenation of Diene. Preparation and EXAFS Investigation on the Structure
Authors: Toshima Naoki , Yonezawa Tetsu , Harada Masafumi , Asakura Kiyotaka , Iwasawa Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The colloidal dispersions of the palladium–platinum bimetallic clusters were prepared by refluxing their salts in water/ethanol in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) under nitrogen. They work as catalysts for partial hydrogenation of diene. The highest activity was achieved by the bimetallic clusters with the molar ratio of Pd/Pt = 4/1, the EXAFS spectra and the TEM photographs of which strongly suggest the alloy formation with a core structure.
New Polymers Containing Pendant Metalloporphyrins. Radical Polymerization of 2-Acryloyloxymethylene-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphinatometals
Authors: Aota Hiroyuki , Fujii Hirofumi , Harada Akira , Kamachi Mikiharu 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Polyacrylates having tetraphenylporphinatocopper(II) or tetraphenylporphinatovanadyl(II) as their pendant groups have been prepared by the radical polymerization of the corresponding acrylates. The decrease in the molar extinction coefficient of the Soret band and Q-band was observed, and in addition, new absorption band at 638 nm appeared in the visible spectra of the polymers. This shows that porphyrin moieties bound to a polymer chain are probably forced to make some electronic interactions due to their connection with a polyacrylate chain.
Reaction of Dichlorocarbene with Phosphaethylenes. Preparation of Phosphaallene from Phosphaethylene via Dichlorophosphirane
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki , Yoshimura Hideki , Toyota Kozo 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
The reaction of dichlorocarbene with (E)- and (Z)-2-phenyl-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)phosphaethylenes gave trans-dichlorophosphirane which was converted to phosphaallene with t-butyllithium, while 2,2-diphenylphosphaethylene gave a vinylphosphaindane derivative.
Metal Selectivity of Conformational Isomers Derived from p-t-Butylcalix[4]arene
Authors: Shinkai Seiji , Otsuka Toshio , Fujimoto Kiyosi , Matsuda Tsutomu 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
“Cone” and “partial cone” isomers of 25,27-bis(2-pyridylmethoxy)-26,28-bis(ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)-p-t-butylcalix[4]arene (3) were isolated by a TLC method and the structures were identified by 1H NMR. From two-phase solvent extraction of alkali picrates, the size of the ionophoric cavities was estimated to be in the order, partial-cone-3 &gt; tetrakis(ethoxycarbonylmethoxy)-p-t-butylcalix[4]arene (cone) &gt; cone-3. This is the first quantitative estimation of the ionophoricity of conformationally-isomeric calix[4]arenes.
Synthesis and Properties of 3-Substituted 8H-3-Azaheptalen-8-ones
Authors: Nakazawa Tomoo , Ishihara Mariko , Yamaguchi Masakazu , Sugihara Yoshikazu , Murata Ichiro 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
3-Substituted 8H-3-azaheptalen-8-ones were synthsized in good yields by photoirradiation of corresponding 7-substituted 7-azanorbornadienes fused with tropone in ethanol with a 450-W Hg lamp through pyrex filter.
Co-intercalation of Tetrahydrofuran with Lithium in β-ZrNCl Layered Crystal
Authors: Ohashi Masao , Uyeoka Koji , Yamanaka Shoji , Hattori Makoto 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is co-intercalated with lithium in β-ZrNCl. Two highly crystalline co-intercalation phases were obtained as single phases by the reaction of the chemically transported β-ZrNCl and lithium-naphthalene in THF. The molecular arrangements in the interlayer spaces were estimated on the basis of the one-dimensional electron-density distribution maps.
Computation of the z-radical in C(X)
Authors: Tressl Marcus 
Published: May 2006

Abstract
We say that a Tychonoff space X has computable z-radicals if for all ideals

of C(X), the smallest z-ideal containing

is generated as an ideal by all the s ○ f, where f is in

and s is a continuous function ℝ → ℝ with s
-1(0) = {0}. We show that every cozero set of a compact space has computable z-radicals and that a subset X of ℝ
n
has computable z-radicals if and only if X is locally closed.
Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics for Surgical Procedure Learning: Web Three-Dimensional Application for Cleft Lip Repair
Authors: Kobayashi Masahiro , Nakajima Tatsuo , Mori Ayako , Tanaka Daigo , Fujino Toyomi , Chiyokura Hiroaki 
Published: May 2006

Objective In surgical procedures for cleft lip, surgeons attempt to use various skin incisions and small flaps to achieve a better and more natural shape postoperatively. They must understand the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the lips. However, they may have difficulty learning the surgical procedures precisely from normal textbooks with two-dimensional illustrations. Recent developments in 3D computed tomography (3D-CT) and laser stereolithography have enabled surgeons to visualize the structures of cleft lips from desired viewpoints. However, this method cannot reflect the advantages offered by specific surgical procedures. To solve this problem, we used the benefits offered by 3D computer graphics (3D-CG) and 3D animation. Design and Results By using scanning 3D-CT image data of patients with cleft lips, 3D-CG models of the cleft lips were created. Several animations for surgical procedures such as incision designs, rotation of small skin flaps, and sutures were made. This system can recognize the details of an operation procedure clearly from any viewpoint, which cannot be acquired from the usual textbook illustrations. This animation system can be used for developing new skin-flap design, understanding the operational procedure, and using tools in case presentations. The 3D animations can also be uploaded to the World Wide Web for use in teleconferencing.
An Analysis of Turns in Dance
Authors: Laws Kenneth L. 
Published: May 2006

Turns are an important part of dance vocabulary. Turns in place on one foot — pirouettes, attitude turns, and turns in arabesque, for instance — form a category of ballet movements that are difficult to learn well, and require considerable skill in control of the body.Three characteristics of turns are important in the proper execution of the movement: body form, rate of turn, and balance. The aesthetic body form can be learned only by example and by careful criticism from a dance teacher. Turnout of the supporting foot or a straight horizontal leg in anarabesque turn are important aspects of a good turn in a purely artistic sense. But other properties of a turn, the most important of which are rate of turn and balance, are open to physical analysis, an understanding of which may give the dancer and dance teacher a better sense of the turning process.Three considerations addressed here are the importance of the distribution of body mass around the rotation axis, the way the torque for the turn is exerted and angular momentum generated, and the way a dancer maintains balance over a supporting point. In order to investigate more carefully the way a dancer initiates a turn by exerting a torque on the floor, experiments were carried out in which this torque, and the resulting angular momentum of the dancer, could be measured.