bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of leukoreduction on the metabolism of equine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage
Authors: Miglio Arianna , Rocconi Francesca , Cremonini Valentina , D'Alessandro Angelo , Reisz Julie A. , Maslanka Mark , Lacroix Ian S. , Tiscar Giorgio , Di Tommaso Morena , Antognoni Maria T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding of the biochemical and morphological lesions associated with storage of equine blood is limited.ObjectiveTo demonstrate the temporal sequences of lipid and metabolic profiles of equine fresh and stored (up to 42 days) and leukoreduced packed red blood cells (LR‐pRBC) and non‐leukoreduced packed RBC (nLR‐pRBC).AnimalsPacked RBC units were obtained from 6 healthy blood donor horses enrolled in 2 blood banks.MethodsObservational study. Whole blood was collected from each donor using transfusion bags with a LR filter. Leukoreduction pRBC and nLR‐pRBC units were obtained and stored at 4°C for up 42 days. Sterile weekly sampling was performed from each unit for analyses.ResultsRed blood cells and supernatants progressively accumulated lactate products while high‐energy phosphate compounds (adenosine triphosphate and 2,3‐Diphosphoglycerate) declined. Hypoxanthine, xanthine, and free fatty acids accumulated in stored RBC and supernatants. These lesions were exacerbated in non‐LR‐pRBC.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceLeukoreduction has a beneficial effect on RBC energy and redox metabolism of equine pRBC and the onset and severity of the metabolic storage lesions RBC.
Comparison of atlantoaxial and lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid centesis techniques in South American camelids
Authors: Malmström Ester , Cole Robert C. , Hofmeister Erik H. , Stern Jere K. , Passler Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundIatrogenic blood contamination during cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) centesis is common, which can limit the diagnostic usefulness of the sample. A novel ultrasound‐guided CSF collection technique is described in horses, by which CSF is obtained from the atlantoaxial (AA) space.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo compare ultrasound‐guided AA centesis with lumbosacral (LS) centesis in South American camelids (SAC). The hypotheses were that AA centesis would yield samples with less blood contamination although being technically more challenging than LS centesis.AnimalsEight clinically healthy adult SAC from a university‐owned teaching herd.MethodsSingle‐blinded, randomized, 4‐way, 4‐period crossover study in which 2 veterinarians each performed both centesis techniques on each animal once. Cytological sample analysis was performed, and the technical difficulty of sample acquisition was assessed.ResultsThe CSF was collected successfully and without complications by either technique during all collection attempts. Aspects of technical difficulty and concentrations of CSF analytes did not vary significantly between techniques. Median total nucleated cell and red blood cell counts were 1/μL and 0.5/μL and 167.5/μL and 155/μL for AA and LS techniques, respectively. The median total protein concentration was 32.9 mg/dL and 38 mg/dL for AA and LS centeses. A median of 1 attempt was necessary for both centesis techniques and the median number of needle repositioning events was 1 for AA and 0 for LS.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceDepending on clinical circumstances, ultrasound‐guided AA centesis appears to be an acceptable alternative to other techniques for collection of CSF from SAC.
Capturing chromosome conformation in Crenarchaea
Authors: Pilatowski‐Herzing Elyza , Samson Rachel Y. , Takemata Naomichi , Badel Catherine , Bohall Peter B. , Bell Stephen D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile there is a considerable body of knowledge regarding the molecular and structural biology and biochemistry of archaeal information processing machineries, far less is known about the nature of the substrate for these machineries—the archaeal nucleoid. In this article, we will describe recent advances in our understanding of the three‐dimensional organization of the chromosomes of model organisms in the crenarchaeal phylum.
The schizotrophic lifestyle of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Authors: Shang Qingna , Jiang Daohong , Xie Jiatao , Cheng Jiasen , Xiao Xueqiong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSclerotinia sclerotiorum is a cosmopolitan and typical necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that infects hundreds of plant species. Because no cultivars highly resistant to S. sclerotiorum are available, managing Sclerotinia disease caused by S. sclerotiorum is still challenging. However, recent studies have demonstrated that S. sclerotiorum has a beneficial effect and can live mutualistically as an endophyte in graminaceous plants, protecting the plants against major fungal diseases. An in‐depth understanding of the schizotrophic lifestyle of S. sclerotiorum during interactions with plants under different environmental conditions will provide new strategies for controlling fungal disease. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis mechanisms of S. sclerotiorum during its attack of host plants as a destructive pathogen and discuss its lifestyle as a beneficial endophytic fungus.
Greenbeards in plants?
Authors: Montazeaud Germain , Keller Laurent 
Published: February 2024

SummaryGreenbeards are selfish genetic elements that make their bearers behave either altruistically towards individuals bearing similar greenbeard copies or harmfully towards individuals bearing different copies. They were first proposed by W. D. Hamilton over 50 yr ago, to illustrate that kin selection may operate at the level of single genes. Examples of greenbeards have now been reported in a wide range of taxa, but they remain undocumented in plants. In this paper, we discuss the theoretical likelihood of greenbeard existence in plants. We then question why the greenbeard concept has never been applied to plants and speculate on how hypothetical greenbeards could affect plant–plant interactions. Finally, we point to different research directions to improve our knowledge of greenbeards in plants.
Spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi host surprisingly diverse communities of endobacteria
Authors: Lastovetsky Olga A. , Caruso Tancredi , Brennan Fiona P. , Wall David , Pylni Susanna , Doyle Evelyn 
Published: February 2024

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous plant root symbionts, which can house two endobacteria: Ca. Moeniiplasma glomeromycotorum (CaMg) and Ca. Glomeribacter gigasporarum (CaGg). However, little is known about their distribution and population structure in natural AMF populations and whether AMF can harbour other endobacteria.

We isolated AMF from two environments and conducted detailed analyses of endobacterial communities associated with surface‐sterilised AMF spores.

Consistent with the previous reports, we found that CaMg were extremely abundant (80%) and CaGg were extremely rare (2%) in both environments. Unexpectedly, we discovered an additional and previously unknown level of bacterial diversity within AMF spores, which extended beyond the known endosymbionts, with bacteria belonging to 10 other phyla detected across our spore data set. Detailed analysis revealed that: CaGg were not limited in distribution to the Gigasporaceae family of AMF, as previously thought; CaMg population structure was driven by AMF host genotype; and a significant inverse correlation existed between the diversity of CaMg and diversity of all other endobacteria.

Based on these data, we generate novel testable hypotheses regarding the function of CaMg in AMF biology by proposing that they might act as conditional mutualists of AMF.
Histone modification‐dependent production of peptide hormones facilitates acquisition of pluripotency during leaf‐to‐callus transition in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hong Cheljong , Lee Hong Gil , Shim Sangrea , Park Ok‐Sun , Kim Jong Hee , Lee Kyounghee , Oh Eunkyoo , Kim Jungmook , Jung Yu Jin , Seo Pil Joon 
Published: February 2024

Summary

Chromatin configuration is critical for establishing tissue identity and changes substantially during tissue identity transitions. The crucial scientific and agricultural technology of in vitro tissue culture exploits callus formation from diverse tissue explants and tissue regeneration via de novo organogenesis. We investigated the dynamic changes in H3ac and H3K4me3 histone modifications during leaf‐to‐callus transition in Arabidopsis thaliana.

We analyzed changes in the global distribution of H3ac and H3K4me3 during the leaf‐to‐callus transition, focusing on transcriptionally active regions in calli relative to leaf explants, defined by increased accumulation of both H3ac and H3K4me3.

Peptide signaling was particularly activated during callus formation; the peptide hormones RGF3, RGF8, PIP1 and PIPL3 were upregulated, promoting callus proliferation and conferring competence for de novo shoot organogenesis. The corresponding peptide receptors were also implicated in peptide‐regulated callus proliferation and regeneration capacity. The effect of peptide hormones in plant regeneration is likely at least partly conserved in crop plants.

Our results indicate that chromatin‐dependent regulation of peptide hormone production not only stimulates callus proliferation but also establishes pluripotency, improving the overall efficiency of two‐step regeneration in plant systems.
The association between participant‐reported ratings of comfort, dryness and vision quality in soft contact lens wearers
Authors: Richards Josh , Rickert Martin , Carr Kenzie , Meyer Dawn , Kollbaum Pete 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrevious literature has indicated an association between participant‐reported perceptions (e.g., ratings) of comfort, dryness and vision quality during soft contact lens wear. However, these reports do not account for participant‐ and lens‐specific factors which may impact the interpretation of these results. The purpose of this project was to quantify the association between these participant‐reported ratings while accounting for both participant‐ and lens‐specific factors.MethodsParticipant‐reported ratings (scale 0–100) of comfort, dryness and quality of vision for 675 soft contact lens wearers (1207 eyes) were aggregated across 31 studies completed at Indiana University. Linear mixed‐effects regression modelling was performed on each outcome rating individually. Covariate‐adjusted models incorporated both participant‐ (e.g., age, sex) and lens‐related (e.g., lens material, edge and optics) factors. The models were statistically adjusted for the duration of lens wear in hours and cumulative days of exposure.ResultsConsistent with estimates from covariate‐adjusted regression models, pairwise Spearman correlations [95% CI] between dryness and comfort (rs = 0.71, [0.69, 0.74]), vision quality and comfort (rs = 0.53, [0.49, 0.57]) and vision quality and dryness (rs = 0.49, [0.42, 0.54]) were all positive and had p < 0.001. Average participant‐reported ratings of comfort, dryness and vision quality decreased by (bs [95% CI]) = −0.81 [−1.15, −0.46] −0.34 [−0.67, 0.0005] and −0.90 [−1.19, −0.60] rating units, respectively, for each hour of lens wear.ConclusionsSignificant positive associations were found between participant‐reported measures of comfort, dryness and vision quality during soft contact lens wear. The associations between these ratings and the participant‐ and lens‐related factors that drive them should be considered by clinicians and manufacturers when fitting and designing soft contact lenses.
Lens and solution properties in patients with and without midday fogging
Authors: Fogt Jennifer Swingle , Nau Cherie , Harthan Jennifer , Shorter Ellen , Nau Amy , Patton Kim , Schornack Muriel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionMidday fogging is a complication of scleral lens (SL) wear that interrupts clear vision during the course of wear. SLs can be made with a variety of gas permeable materials, sizes and surface treatments, and various solutions are available for storing the lenses and for filling them before application on the eye. Many of these factors have been implicated as possible contributors to midday fogging. This study explored the lens and solution properties in habitual SL wearers with and without midday fogging.MethodsIn this prospective study, 48 habitual SL wearers were evaluated and asked to report whether they experienced midday fogging and if they removed their lenses during the day. They completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), which is a validated tool for dry eye assessment. Lens parameters (material, coatings and diameter) and lens storage and filling solutions were documented. Backward elimination of regression terms evaluated the lens and solution properties in those with and without fogging. OSDI scores were compared using the Mann–Whitney analysis.ResultsCollectively, the lens properties and solutions accounted for 27.7% of the variance related to midday fogging. None of the factors alone had a significant impact upon midday fogging. The median (interquartile range) OSDI score for those with fogging [37 (35)] was significantly different from those without fogging [10 (15)], with the scores corresponding to severe dry eye and normal eyes, respectively.ConclusionSL wearers with midday fogging exhibited similar symptoms to patients with severe dry eye. Lens and solution characteristics may play a small role in patients with midday fogging, although changing just a single factor is not likely to impact its presence.
Successful direct pacing of the left bundle branch area with ICD lead using steerable delivery sheath
Authors: Yoshino Mitsuru , Yanagihara Kanade , Kawabata Tokuma , Yoshida Kenta , Tasaka Hiroshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecently, conduction system pacing has been performed in patients with impaired cardiac function. We report a case in which a DF4 implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead was screwed directly into the left bundle branch area with the support of a steerable delivery sheath.
Partial Reasons
Authors: Faroldi Federico L. G. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPartial reasons are considerations in favor of something that, taken individually, are not sufficient to establish an obligation. I consider the extent to which partial reasons are reasons, and why they cannot be reduced to or identified with pro tanto reasons. I lay out two approaches to the content of reasons, the flat theory and the structured theory. I argue that parts of reasons are not partial reasons, by showing that natural ways to represent parts of reasons in the flat theory and the structured theory lead to overgeneration problems with regard to partial reasons. I then formulate two notions of partial reasons: one based on a notion of partial support, which is in turn captured by the notions of full support and partial content, and one based on the notion of in exact verification. I show under which conditions the two notions of partial reasons (based on partial content, and based on inexact verification) coincide.
Linking absorptive capacity and project performance in environmental uncertainty: A perspective on implementation arrangements
Authors: Waheed Jahanzeb 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study utilizes the concept of absorptive capacity as a unique way to view implementations arrangements in resource‐scarce public sector organizations. It introduces absorptive capacity as a policy implementation capacity and explains the relationship between potential and Realized Absorptive Capacity and project performance, primarily, in the higher education, primary and secondary health and social welfare departments in the Government of the Punjab, Pakistan. The main research question ascertains the effect of absorptive capacity on project performance and how environmental uncertainty intervenes in the relationship between different aspects of absorptive capacity (potential absorptive capacity, PACAP and realized absorptive capacity, RACAP) and project performance. In order to do so five hypotheses are developed. In order to explore the assumptions, the relationships among variables are ascertained based on 167 responses from ongoing public sector projects/schemes (2020) using bivariate correlations, and linear and multiple linear regression analyses. The results of this study support findings suggested by prior research, confirming a positive influence of absorptive capacity on project performance in terms of knowledge acquisition and assimilation. The same is true for a direct relationship of public sector projects. The public sector projects have used the existing experience and knowledge resources to further enhance their capabilities and exploited knowledge. Further, the actionable knowledge has been transformed into performance goals of the projects. The unstable external environment, unable to predict future environmental conditions and changing project requirements did not seem to affect the existing transferability and utilization of knowledge for achieving social sector projects' performance.
Knowledge‐driven spatial competitive intelligence for tourism
Authors: Gao Jialiang , Peng Peng , Lu Feng , Wang Shu , Xie Xiaowei , Claramunt Christophe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCompetition among tourism enterprises is an ineluctable component of sustainable tourism growth, requiring comprehensive studies to understand its dynamic and develop appropriate strategies. The literature employs text mining or statistical analyses to identify correlations between tourism areas as competitive relationships. However, this approach may not be fully applicable, due to the sparsity of crucial coexistence phenomena, and may fail to investigate fine‐grained attractions' competition inside destination using large‐scale geospatial data. To overcome the limitations, this study proposes a knowledge‐driven competitive intelligence framework for tourism management, utilizing knowledge graph (KG) construction and inference technologies. First, multi‐mode heterogeneous tourism data are integrated into a unified KG, including tourist check‐in, online text, and basic geographic information. Second, the spatial‐dependent GNN‐based model absorbing abundant spatial semantic knowledge from tourism‐oriented KG can enhance the performance of competition reasoning. Third, with multiple analyses via symbolic queries on KG, a comprehensive panorama of competition situations can be revealed.
Spatial multi‐objective optimization of primary healthcare facilities: A case study in Singapore
Authors: Wang Zhong , Cao Kai , Chiu Yu Lung Marcus , Feng Qiushi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrimary healthcare plays a pivotal role in enhancing health conditions. In Singapore, such services are predominantly manifested through the implementation of the Community Health Assistance Scheme (CHAS). CHAS is an initiative aimed at providing fundamental preventive and therapeutic services, especially for those seniors and low‐income adults with chronic diseases. In spite of considerable efforts in policy and research in this domain, there is a dearth of studies focusing on the spatial optimization of these primary healthcare services. In this study, an innovative multi‐objective medical service facility siting model has been developed based on coarse‐grained parallel genetic algorithm to address the intricate challenges associated with the optimization of locations for CHAS clinics. The proposed optimization model aims to simultaneously maximize accessibility, minimize inequity, and minimize the number of clinics. The successful application of this model in the siting of CHAS clinics in Singapore demonstrates its effectiveness in enhancing residents' access to healthcare services. Apart from its novel academic contributions to the field of spatial optimization of primary healthcare facilities in general, we have also discussed the inherent limitations and identified certain aspects as the future directions of this research.
Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and awareness of liver transplant patients toward xenotransplantation
Authors: Aslan Dogan Bahar , Ozden Gurkan , Dolu Sevim , Mese Mesut , Akbulut Sami 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundXenotransplantation (XTx) is an alternative treatment for organ scarcity. Investigating the acceptance of XTx among patients from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of XTx among patients undergoing liver transplant (LT).MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted between November 2022 and August 2023. The study population comprised LT patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to the hepatology clinic of a university hospital in Turkey. Of the 360 patients (n = 360) interviewed, 351 were deemed eligible for inclusion. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, median, standard deviation, minimum‐maximum, number, percentage, and Pearson's chi‐square test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsOf the patients, 78.3% were religious and adhered to religious requirements, and 87.2% considered their religious beliefs when making important decisions. In all, 41.3% of the participants believed that organ or tissue transplantation from animals to humans is ethical, while 70.1% of the participants believed that organ and tissue transplantation from non‐halal animals to humans was impossible. Specifically, 56.7% would not allow organ or tissue transplantation from a non‐halal animal to themselves or a relative. Knowledge and attitude towards XTx were not affected by transplantation type (p > .05), but were affected by sex and educational level (p < .05).ConclusionThis study found that LT patients generally oppose XTx. To enhance knowledge and awareness, religious leaders and healthcare professionals should organize comprehensive and effective seminars on this topic.