bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modified method of DNA extraction from peripheral blood and bone marrow specimens
Authors: Hanson Curtis A. , Kersey John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have outlined a modified method of DNA extraction from blood and bone marrow that can be used for gene rearrangement studies of leukemia and lymphoma and can consistently give excellent yields of DNA from as little as 1 × 106 cells. The method is based on the use of small sample vessels, a marked reduction in solution volume and minimal handling of the specimen. By using known cell numbers from eight leukemic bone marrow samples and four leukemic call lines, the modified extraction procedure consistently had better yields of DNA, compared with a standard procedure. These findings were confirmed by further comparisons of DNA yields from 14 hypocellular clinical specimens that had been divided into two equal parts for side‐by‐side DNA extraction with both methods. The quality of the DNA from the modified extraction method was similar to standard methods on subsequent Southern blot analysis and hybridization with immunoglobulin and/or T‐cell receptor gene probes. This modified DNA extraction method is a procedure that complements standard extraction methods and expands the number and type of specimens that can be evaluated by the clinical molecular genetics laboratory.
Amsacrine is safe in patients with ventricular ectopy
Authors: Puccio Carmelo A. , Feldman Eric J. , Arlin Zalmen A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmsacrine is an active antileukemic agent known to induce cardiac arrhythmias, although the incidence of these cardiac events is low. Rhythm abnormalities associated with amsacrine use include the development of fatal tachyarrhythmias, but this risk can be minimized by ensuring a normal serum potassium level prior to drug administration. Even though amsacrine has been given safely to patients with pre‐existing supraventricular arrhythmias, its safety in patients with ventricular ectopy has not been addressed. We describe two patients who underwent treatment with amsacrine without developing life‐threatening dysrhythmias and show that ventricular ectopy does not contraindicate therapy with this agent.
Fetal lamb coagulation system during birth asphyxia
Authors: Andrew M. , O'Brodovich H. , Mitchell L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLevels of many coagulation factors are low in the healthy infant and even lower in the asphyxiated premature infant. We investigated whether a brief exposure to asphyxia at the time of birth causes the activation and consumption of coagulation factors. Following delivery by caesarian section, premature lambs were asphyxiated by occluding the endotracheal tube for 10 min and then resuscitated. Blood was obtained prior to and following birth for measurement of blood gases and the coagulation system. Birth asphyxia in the premature lamb resulted in thrombin generation and rapid consumption of specific coagulation factors.
Lymphocyte and complement abnormalities in splenectomized patients with hematologic disorders
Authors: Wang Winfred C. , Herrod Henry G. , Valenski William R. , Watt Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐two patients, splenectomized 1 to 26 years earlier for hematologic disorders, were studied to determine possible defects in immunologic function or complement levels. Quantitation of B cells and T‐cell subsets revealed slight decreases in the proportions of CD3 and CD4 cells but normal or increased absolute numbers of all cell populations. IgM synthesis in vitro by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was markedly diminished, but IgG synthesis was normal. Fractionation studies, in which various B‐cell‐ and T‐cell‐enriched populations from controls and patients were combined, demonstrated diminished B‐cell function in the patients. Sickle cell patients, who were functionally asplenic, showed similar deficits. Complement levels in splenectomized and sickle cell patients in both the classical and alternative pathways were generally normal. A modest decrease in component H in the alternative pathway in splenectomized and sickle cell patients probably was not clinically significant. In summary, splenectomized patients have a diminished capacity for IgM synthesis that can be attributed primarily to defective B‐cell function. This may be partially responsible for their increased susceptibility to infection by encapsulated organisms.
Chemotherapy With cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone (CVPP) for hodgkin disease: Fourteen‐year follow‐up results
Authors: Dusenbery Kathryn E. , Peterson Bruce A. , Bloomfield Clara D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐eight patients with advanced Hodgkin disease were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone (CVPP) from 1970 to 1973 and followed prospectively. Long‐term results after a median follow‐up of 14 years are reported. Seventeen of the 28 complete responders (61%) survived more than 10 years from the initiation of chemotherapy. At the current time, 12 of the 28 patients (43%) are continuously disease‐free 12.8 to 15.3 years after completing induction chemotherapy. Two additional patients are alive in third and fifth remissions. All relapses occurred within 5.5 years of completing induction chemotherapy. Late complications included sterility, aseptic osteonecrosis, severe pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic uveitis. Four of the complete responders (14%) developed second neoplasms, including acute myelogenous leukemia, non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and small cell carcinoma of the lung. All second malignancies were fatal and developed 5‐13 years after initiation of induction chemotherapy. Our data confirm that cure is possible with alternative regimens to MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone).
Multiple myeloma: Relationship between light chain isotype suppression, labelling index of plasma cells, and CD38 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes
Authors: Joshua Douglas E. , Ioannidis Rosemary , Brown Ross , Francis Susan E. , Gibson John , Kronenberg Harry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study we have investigated the relationship between the labelling index of plasma cells, the expression of CD38 positive lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and light chain isotype suppression. This study confirms the relationship between plateau‐phase disease and light chain isotype suppression (LCIS) and documents an inverse relationship between LCIS and CD38 positive lymphocytes (.001 < P < .01), which is similar to the relationship we have described with the expression of CD10 positive lymphocytes. PCA‐1 is rarely expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with myeloma and does not fulfill a role as a marker of active vs. stable disease. There is no relationship between the labelling index of plasma cells and LCIS, because many patients can enter a stage of progressive disease and yet have a labelling index of <1% at that time, although a labelling index <1% is present in the majority of patients with LCIS. β‐2‐microglobulin (β2M) also fails to differentiate these two phases of disease in myeloma and does not have a relationship with LCIS, CD38 expression, or CD10 expression. These data suggest that myeloma, like chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), can be considered as having two phases of disease: a stable or chronic phase disease, as identified by the presence of LCIS, the absence of CD10 and CD38 positive lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and a low labelling index, and progressive disease, which is associated with the loss of LCIS and of, CD10 and CD38 positive lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and a high labelling index, although in many cases of progressive disease, the labelling index may also be low. β2M does not differentiate between these states.
Phenotypic heterogeneity of erythroblasts in erythroblastic leukemia revealed by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Gupta Amar Das , Dhond Subodh R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight cases each of erythroleukemia (AML‐M6) and erythroblastic crisis of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGLBC‐E) were immunophenotyped with the help of a panel of lineage‐associated monoclonal antibodies (McAbs). The latter included those reactive with erythroid progenitor (BFU‐E and CFU‐E) and erythroid precursors at different stages of maturation. In six of eight cases of AML‐M6, erythroblasts revealed an immature phenotype, as evident from reactivity of the blast cells with McAbs directed against the earlier stages of erythroid maturation. One case had the phenotype of CFU‐E, and in the remaining case of AML‐M6 the erythroblasts showed a “mature” surface antigenic profile. This immunophenotypic spectrum was unrelated to the morphologic maturity of the erythroblasts.In two cases of CGLBC‐E, an early erythroblastic phenotype was observed, while in as many cases a “mature” phenotype was present. Four of eight cases, however, revealed a mixed, erythroid plus myeloid phenotype. In one of the four cases, two separate blast populations, which represented erythroblasts and myeloblasts, could be identified. In the remaining three cases the blasts were morphologically homogeneous and undifferentiated. High incidence of HLA‐DR positivity in the latter three cases suggests the primitive nature of blasts cells and their closeness to the putative “bipotent” myeloid stem cell. Our study has shown phenotypic heterogeneity of blast cells in AML‐M6 and CGLBC‐E.
Posttransfusion purpura associated with alloantibody specific for the platelet antigen, Pena
Authors: Simon Toby L. , Collins Janice , Kunicki Thomas J. , Furihata Kenichi , Smith Kenneth J. , Aster Richard H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPosttransfusion purpura (PTP) and severe thrombocytopenia occurred 9 days after transfusion of red blood cells to a 48‐year‐old, multiparous Navajo woman. The platelet count rose to hemostatic levels after treatment with prednisone and three plasma exchange transfusions. Serologic studies showed that the patient's serum contained the potent antibody reactive with platelets from nearly all normal subjects, but nonreactive with autologous platelets obtained after recovery. This antibody was found to be specific for a high‐frequency, platelet‐specific antigen, designated Pena, implicated previously as an immunogen in neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. An exchange of serum showed that Pena is identical with an alloantigen designated Yukb by Japanese workers. We conclude that PTP can occur in association with alloimmunization against Pena (Yukb).
Anticoagulant therapy for prevention of spontaneous abortion in a patient with a lupus anticoagulant
Authors: Joffe A. Mark , Hoskins Christopher F. , Ghitter‐Mannes Sandra C. , Mant Michael J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLupus anticoagulants are associated with venous and arterial thrombosis and with recurrent spontaneous abortion resulting from placental infarction. Treatment with high‐dose pred‐nisone and aspirin has been reported to reduce the otherwise very high frequency of spontaneous abortion in affected women. We report the case of a young woman with an idiopathic lupus anticoagulant who had a history of arterial and venous thrombosis and of previous spontaneous abortion; anticoagulation throughout pregnancy was associated with normal fetal growth and with an absence of placental infarction. We conclude that anticoagulation without concurrent prednisone or aspirin may provide an alternative approach to prevention of habitual abortion in some women with lupus anticoagulants.
Permanent neurological complications in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Ben‐Yehuda Dina , Rose Michal , Michaeli Yossef , Eldor Amiram 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAccording to previous clinical studies, the neurological manifestations observed in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) are considered to be transient. The introduction of plasma therapy in 1977 as major treatment modality for TTP has changed the prognosis of the disease. In a clinical survey of 38 patients with TTP who received plasma therapy, we have observed five patients who developed permanent neurological deficits despite their prompt recovery from TTP. In this study, we describe the new complication of TTP and summarize the neurological manifestations observed in these patients during their first episode of TTP and during the relapses, which occurred in 12 of them.
Association of large granular lymphocyte/natural killer cell proliferative disease and second hematologic malignancy
Authors: Bassan Renato , Rambaldi Alessandro , Allavena Paola , Abbate Mauro , Marini Basilio , Barbui Tiziano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the first three patients with a large granular lymphocytosis/lymphocytic leukemia and another blood malignancy. In two, a myeloproliferative disorder developed soon after the diagnosis of abnormal proliferation of large granular lymphocytes‐natural killer (LGL‐NK) cells, a myelodysplastic syndrome evolving to acute leukemia and a Philadelphia‐positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. In these cases, LGLs expressed the phenotype of CD2 + NK and CD3 ‐ NK cells, respectively, and were clonal in the first patient as demonstrated by T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement study. In the third case, a similarly clonal excess of LGLs, phenotypically CD3 + NK cells, was detected following a diagnosis of B‐cell hairy‐cell leukemia. Clinically, the concurrence of LGL proliferation and other leukemia did not seem to confer a worse prognosis on the patients. Although an association by chance remains a possible explanation, a common origin from an altered precursor cell for both myeloid and LGL proliferations in the first two cases is discussed, whereas in the third it might be related to the severe immune derangement frequently observed in hairy‐cell leukemia.
Totally implantable intravenous catheters in the management of sickle cell anemia
Authors: Phillips George , Slingluff Craig , Hartman John , Thomas Patricia , Akwari Onye 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTotally implantable catheters (TICs) have recently been employed for long‐term central venous access in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We have reviewed our experience with 10 TICs inserted in patients with SCD. These were compared to 33 TICs inserted in patients without SCD (controls). The primary diagnosis was malignancy in most of the controls. The SCD patients experienced a marked increase in total complications (70 vs. 24%), as well as in complications requiring catheter removal (50 vs. 3%). No variable explained these differences except the presence of SCD. The complications requiring catheter removal from SCD patients were infections, catheter thrombosis, and venous thrombosis. The increased risk of these complications must be considered before a catheter is inserted; however, the average useful life of these catheters exceeded 12 months. They remained useful in the care of patients with poor venous access and multiple complications of SCD.
Comparative evaluation of the bone marrow by the volumetric method, particle smears, and biopsies in pediatric disorders
Authors: Ozkaynak M. Fevzi , Scribano Philip , Gomperts Edward , Izadi Parvin , Millin Rachel , Jr Hart Isaacs , Ettinger Lawrence J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBone marrow cellularity estimated by biopsy was compared to the cellularity of the aspirate particle smear and the volumetric method in two groups of children. In the first group, 101 consecutive bone marrow biopsies and aspirates were evaluated from patients with various diagnoses. In the second group, 20 patients with acute nonlympho‐blastic leukemia were studied with 80 biopsies and aspirates at diagnosis and following chemotherapy. A wide discrepancy was noted between bone marrow cellularity confirmed by biopsy vs. the particle smear or the volumetric method in both groups. Neither the volumetric nor the particle method provides a good correlation of bone marrow cellularity. We also compared the volumetric method with that of the biopsy to evaluate the efficacy of the former method in detecting bone marrow infiltration by solid tumors. The volumetric method is an accurate modality of identifying solid tumor infiltration in the bone marrow.
Myelofibrosis: A concise review of clinical and pathologic features and treatment
Authors: Smith Roy E. , Chelmowski Mark K. , Szabo Edward J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper reviews and clarifies the current understanding of the clinical and pathologic features and treatment of MF. Recent investigations indicate that MF may be mediated by platelet‐ and megakaryocyte‐derived growth factors, impaired prostaglandin‐mediated stem cell growth inhibition, or excessive endothelial cell and fibroblast proliferation. Immunologic disorders have been associated with MF. MF may be either a primary or a secondary phenomenon. Secondary MF often regresses with appropriate treatment of this underlying disorder. Primary MF may require androgen therapy, splenectomy, splenic irradiation, bone curettage, chemotherapy, or bone marrow transplantation.
Production of B‐cell growth factor interleukin 2 and gamma interferon by peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B‐cell type
Authors: Rossi Jean‐François , Commes Therese , Grenier Jean , Jourdan Michel , Chichehian Behrouz , Klein Bernard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia of B‐cell type (B‐CLL) is a malignant disease characterized by monoclonal proliferation of small lymphocytes of B‐cell origin, usually associated with suppression of polyclonal B‐cell activation (i.e., proliferation and differentiation). Normal human B‐cell proliferation is controlled by different T‐cell‐derived lymphokines, including interleukin 2 (IL2) and gamma interferon (γ‐IFN), that account for the majority of the B‐cell growth factor (BCGF) activity produced by mitogen‐activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We have previously shown an increased and dysregulated secretion of IL2 in peripheral blood from patients with BCLL. BCGF, IL2, and γ‐IFN productions by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)‐stimulated PBMCs were investigated in 13 patients with active untreated B‐CLL and 11 healthy donors. BCLL PBMCs produced a significant amount of BCGF (6 U/ml) despite the low percentage of T cells (10%) associated with this disease as compared with that found in healthy donors (61%). BCGF production in normal controls and B‐CLL patients was tripled after irradiation of PBMCs or addition of indomethacin. γ‐IFN secretion in B‐CLL patients was decreased when compared with normal controls. Therefore, when γ‐IFN was calculated per fixed number of T cells, production was significantly higher in B‐CLL patients than in normal controls, showing a dilution of the productive cells. This study suggests that T cells from B‐CLL patients are functional in terms of BCGF production despite their decreased percentage and abnormalities in surface markers.
The behavior of asialotransferrin‐iron in the rat
Authors: Beguin Yves , Bergamaschi Gaetano , Huebers Helmut A. , Finch Clement A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of desialylation of rat and human transferrins on hepatocyte processing of the protein and its iron was studied in rats. No alteration in early transferrin catabolism was observed. Radioiron disappearance from the plasma and liver iron uptake were more rapid for asialotransferrins than for normal transferrins (P<.001). Furthermore, radio‐iron plasma clearance of human tri‐sialotransferrin was faster (P < .05) and liver uptake higher (P < .002) than for human pentasialotransferrin. When the asialoglycoprotein receptor was blocked by the prior injection of asialofetuin, asialotransferrin behaved like normal transferrin. When the transferrin receptor was blocked by the prior injection of 50 mg human diferric transferrin, iron uptake from all transferrins was delayed to such an extent that uptake through both receptors seemed to be affected. Approximately 90% of the hepatic radioiron from all transferrins was chelated by desferrioxamine and excreted into the bile, indicating its uptake by the hepatocyte rather than the reticulo‐endothelial (RE) cell. The rate of iron release into the plasma and its subsequent accumulation in the red cell mass over a 2‐week period was similar for human asialotransferrin, ferritin, and hemoglobin iron. This study 1) confirmed that asialotransferrin‐iron uptake by the hepatocyte is mediated by both transferrin and asialoglycoprotein receptors; 2) demonstrated that not only asialotransferrin but also transferrin of low sialic acid content will increase iron turnover and lead to excessive iron loading of the hepatocyte; 3) and showed that the intrahepatocyte metabolism of asialotransferrin‐iron did not differ from that of iron delivered by normal transferrin.
Pharmacology and special clinical applications of low‐molecular‐weight heparins
Authors: Harenberg J. , Heene D. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this overview, the rationale of the development of low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) heparins and their toxicological, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, lipolytic, and protamine interactions are summarized. Clinical experiences are reviewed on the benefit of LMW heparin for anticoagulation in patients with bleeding and other complications on conventional anticoagulants and during pregnancy. It is concluded that animal experiments have demonstrated the safety of LMW heparins, that the pharmacologic profile is improved compared with normal heparin, and that the simple and safe applicability of LMW heparins gives rise to new indications for the long‐term prophylaxis of thromboembolism.
A polyclonal CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytosis in a patient doubly infected with HTLV‐I and HIV‐1: A clinical and molecular analysis
Authors: Ehrlich Garth D. , Davey Frederick R. , Kirshner Jeffrey J. , Sninsky John J. , Kwok Shirley , Slamon Dennis J. , Kalish Randy , Poiesz Bernard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHTLV‐I is associated with adult T‐cell leukemia/ lymphoma (ATL) characterized by monoclonal expansions of CD4+ T‐lymphocytes. In this report we describe a histologically benign, polyclonal HTLV‐I infection in a patient exhibiting both an absolute CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytosis. Three T‐cell lines containing integrated HTLV‐I proviral copies established from this patient were initially polyclonal, but with time all grew out the same two clones as determined by analysis of their T‐cell antigen receptor beta chain gene rearrangements. The patient subsequently developed pulmonary and nasopharyngeal nodules containing HTLV‐I infected cells. Restriction analysis of the patient's HTLV‐I provirus revealed no differences from prototype HTLV‐I and the tax gene was normally expressed in vivo and in vitro. The patient's T‐lymphocytosis and HTLV‐I+ pulmonary tract nodules were put into a complete clinical remission by treatment with alkylating agents and steroids. Subsequently, the patient developed a severe immunodeficiency state and expired. Retrospective serologic and gene amplification assays for HIV‐1 demonstrated that he had been doubly infected from the time of presentation. Postmortem analysis by polymerase chain reaction revealed the presence of both HTLV‐I and HIV‐1 in lymphatic tissues and the testes; HIV‐1 was also detected in brain tissue.
Hermansky‐pudlak syndrome: Correction of bleeding time by 1‐desamino‐8D‐arginine vasopressin
Authors: Wijermans P. W. , van Dorp D. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of the synthetic vasopressin derivative 1‐desamino‐8D‐arginine vasopressin (DDAVP = desmopressin) on bleeding time was studied in three patients with Hermansky Pudlak syndrome. A good response was observed in this type of storage pool disease. DDAVP might be useful in managing the bleeding disorder found in patients with the Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome.