bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Pandora Vase
Authors: Gardner Percy 
Published: May 2006

Scenes from the history of Pandora are rare in works of Greek art. There have at present been published, so far as I am aware, only five representations of her, in two reliefs and three vases. These all represent her birth or her coming into being. All the vases are in the British Museum. To these I have to add a fourth vase (Pl. I.), recently presented to the Ashmolean Museum by Mr. Edmund Oldfield, and bringing before us a fresh scene from the interesting history of the strange being made by the gods for the delusion and betrayal of men.The tale of Pandora, as it appears in Hesiod, is so well known that I need only glance at its main features. When Prometheus had stolen for men fire from the gods, Zeus, determining to punish him, caused Hephaestus to make of earth a beauteous woman, whom, the goddesses adorned with ornaments, but in whom Hermes implanted a deceitful heart and a treacherous tongue.
Roads in Pontus, Royal and Roman1
Authors: Arthur J. , Munro J. Arthur R. 
Published: May 2006

The territory once occupied by the Mithridatic kingdom of Pontus lies between the Euxine and the northern edge of the high Anatolian plateau. It consists of a long strip of seaboard and a broader central tract of alternate river valleys and mountain ranges. The mountains and valleys run more or less parallel to the coast, and rise one behind another up the slope, like lines of gigantic entrenchments scored along a hillside. The channels whereby the Iris and the Halys pierce their way northwards are mere rifts cleft across through the ridges. The main trend of hill and dale is from east to west.The northernmost chain of mountains steeply overhangs the Euxine and cuts off the seaboard from the country behind. Roads across this barrier are few and difficult. In the whole stretch of coast, from Amastris on the west to Trapezus on the east, Amisus is the only open door into the interior. Here, between the Paphlagonian mountains and the Paryadres range, the Halys and the Iris find an exit to the sea, and there is a slight dip—it cannot be called a gap—over which a great road penetrates to Amasia and Cappadocia. The road is not really difficult, but it is toilsome, for although this central section of the country is relatively low, yet the ridges and valleys pursue their course without interruption across the hollow, and if the former are not quite so high as in the east and west the latter are deeper.
On the Ancient Hecatompedon which occupied the Site of the Parthenon on the Acropolis of Athens
Authors: Penrose F. C. 
Published: May 2006

Dr. Dörpfeld, as was to be expected, has published in the Mittheilungen an answer to my article in the Journal of Hellenic Studies for 1891.Excepting in two corrections of detail, of which I recognize the value, and shall have occasion to make mention in the proper place, he does not appear to me to have shaken in the slightest degree the position that I took up, namely, that the great sub-basement wall under the south flank of the Parthenon was built for a temple named the Hecatompedon anterior by many years to the time of Cimon, and that the remains of large limestone architraves frieze and cornice in the north wall of the Acropolis belonged to that temple and not to the archaic temple of Athene near the Erechtheum, the discovery of which will always be associated with Dr. Dörpfeld's name. I must assume that the readers of this article will have before them both my original paper in the Hellenic Journal, already referred to, and Dr. Dörpfeld's answer in the Mittheilungen which, so far as it affects my argument, I will endeavour to answer point by point.
On Two Greek Ostraka from Egypt, Belonging to the Third Century B.C. and the First Century A.D. Respectively
Authors: Keene Charles H. 
Published: May 2006

During a visit to Egypt in 1890 and 1891 I acquired the ostraka of which facsimiles are given herewith. Professor Mahaffy has deciphered the inscriptions.The earlier ostrakon, which I bought for half a piastre (1d.) from a lad near Luxor, measures 44 inches in height by 5 in greatest breadth, narrowing to 2¼. Professor Mahaffy pronounces it to belong to the Ptolemaic period, and it may probably be dated as early as 235 B.C., the twelfth year of the third Ptolemy.
First Report of a Journey in Pisidia, Lycaonia, and Pamphylia (Part III.)
Authors: Cronin H. S. 
Published: May 2006

We were at Khatyn Serai for four days, arriving on the fourth day of July, 1901, and leaving on the seventh. Our road from Konia lay through Baiyat, where we copied the following inscription.The length of our stay at Khatyn Serai enabled us to become acquainted with a good number of inscriptions. Besides verifying almost all the inscriptions already published from Professor Sterrett's copies, or from Professor Ramsay's earlier ones (cf. W.E. pp. 242 ff.; C.I.L. vol. iii. pp. 1239 and 2061), we heard of and copied twenty-four new inscriptions, ten of which are in Latin and one bilingual. We were also able to make some examination of Zoldera, the site of the ancient city, which lies rather more than a mile N.W. of the village.The inscriptions are most conveniently considered according to the language in which they are written; for if they were found on the site of the modern village, they were in all probability carried thither from Zoldera.
Notes and Inscriptions from South-Western Messenia
Authors: Tod Marcus Niebuhr 
Published: May 2006

The following notes and inscriptions represent part of the results of a journey made in the spring of 1904, supplemented and revised on a second visit paid to the same district in the following November. One inscription from Korone, a fragment of the ‘Edictum Diocletiani,’ I have already published (J.H.S. 1904, p. 195 foll.). I have attempted to state as briefly as possible the fresh topographical evidence collected on my tour, avoiding as far as possible any mere repetition of the descriptions and discussions of previous writers.The literature dealing with this part of Greece is not extensive. I give here a list in chronological order of the more important works in which its geography and antiquities are discussed, and append to each the abbreviated title which I shall use for purposes of reference.
A Fragment of the ‘Edictum Diocletiani.’
Authors: Forster Edward S. 
Published: May 2006

During a journey in the spring of last year along the east coast of the Messenian Gulf I took an impression of a fragment of a Latin inscription built into the north wall of the Church of Hagios Taxiarches in the village of Oetylus.The fragment is of white marble and is broken on every side. It measures ̇47 m. in height and ̇21 m. in width. The letters measure ̇013 m.
Notes on some Greek Inscriptions, mainly in Athens
Authors: Woodward A. M. 
Published: May 2006

This paper contains some notes on miscellaneous inscriptions of which all but two are in Athens. The two exceptions are, firstly, the Ἀστραγαλομαντϵία inscription at Adalia, of which I publish a copy which will, I trust, be found more accurate than any of the previous versions; and, secondly, a recently discovered inscription from Northern Phocis dating probably from the end of the second, or the beginning of the third, century A.D. The remainder of the paper is devoted to some corrections in previously published copies of inscriptions in the Acropolis Museum.During a recent visit to Adalia (Attalia) in Pamphylia I copied again the well-known Ἀστραγαλομαντϵία inscription which is built into a wall there in one of the streets not far from the harbour; and it seems worth while to publish here the text of the inscription in minuscules, with a few critical notes. The most accessible copy of the stone is that given in Kaibel, Epigrammata Graeca No. 1038, but it is very faulty, and since that work was published other copies of the same inscription, or of similar inscriptions which are almost identically worded, have been found in Asia Minor. The most complete version was found by Sterrett at Ördekji (Anabura) in Pisidia (Papers of the American School at Athens, iii. [The Wolfe Expedition to Asia Minor] pp. 206–214; Hermes xiii. pp. 532 foll.), and enabled many of the previously uncertain readings on the Adalia stone to be cleared up; and a fragmentary inscription of the same class which is in places identical with that at Adalia was found at Aghlasun (Sagalassus) in Pisidia more recently.
The Homeric Catalogue
Authors: Allen T. W. 
Published: May 2006

In antiquity Apollodorus wrote a work upon the Greek Catalogue, Demetrius of Scepsis one, in thirty books, on the Trojan; both were used by Strabo, who surpassed, fortunately, either in judgment. Titles of similar works are ascribed to the logographer Damastes and the rhetor Polus. Its literary merits are extolled by Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Comp. Verb. 102, and though a considerable number of MSS. omit it, Tribonianus of Side in the Byzantine period was found to execute a special metaphrase of it.In modern times the latest work dealing with the Catalogue apart appears to be the short treatise of Benedikt Niese, Der homerische Schiffskatalog als historische Quelle betrachtet, Kiel, 1873. Written at the blackest moment of Homeric and historical science, before the first light from archaeology had begun to illumine the gloom of Higher Criticism, before even Wilamowitz had lit his corpse-candle, the book naturally cannot influence our opinion now, and would not have needed mention but for the singular uis inertiae owing to which it is still currently cited. Niese's principal conclusions were: the Catalogue involves late political circumstances, contains geographical inaccuracies, especially in regard to Thessaly, and is the result of the contamination of an old geographical document or periegesis dating from 770–740 with names of heroes and peoples taken from the Cypria: the Trojan Catalogue is made out of the Trojan Catalogue again in the Cypria with additions from the body of the Iliad; and the editor of both may be found in a Milesian of 630–600.
Excavations at Rhitsóna in Boeotia
Authors: Ure P. N. 
Published: May 2006

The six graves catalogued below were excavated in 1907 and 1908, at the same time as those already published by Professor Burrows and myself in B.S.A. xiv. and J.H.S. xxix. Their position in the cemetery is indicated on the Plan, B.S.A. xiv. p. 230, Fig. 1. Their contents consist almost entirely of Proto-Corinthian and Corinthian vases. None contained any vases of what we have called Boeotian Kylix ware, and only Graves 4 and 14, the latest of the six, show any direct connexion with graves that did contain it.This connexion is worth noting in detail for its bearings on the view, put forward B.S.A. xiv., that the Boeotian Kylix style was, in part at least, the result of Corinthian influence. Indeed the chief importance of the graves here published lies perhaps in the confirmation they afford this view.
The Rock-cut Statue near Manissa
Authors: Cowper H. S. 
Published: May 2006

With reference to the controversy as to whether the rock-cut figure known as the Buyuk Tash (or Surat Tash) on Mount Sipylus is to be identified with the statue of the Mother of the Gods, or the weeping stone Niobe which are mentioned by Pausanias, I think the following might be worth recording.Mons. M. G. Weber in his Le Sipylus et Les Monuments (1880, p. 117) has remarked that the statement of Pausanias (viii. 2.), that it was asserted that the Niobe wept in Summer, furnishes an argument against the identification of the Niobe with the Tash Souret, since in summer there is no water on that part of the mountain, and even in winter the figure ‘ne reçoit que les eaux immédiates de la pluie. Il faut décidément chercher Niobe dans l'intérieur du massif qui cache certainement encore plus ďun monument préhistorique.’
Three Inscriptions from Asia Minor
Authors: Hicks E. L. 
Published: May 2006

Fragment of white marble, entire at the upper and right edge only, measuring 5¼ in. × 4 in. Found among the ruins of Troy on Apr. 20, 1907, by Mr. F. G. Harman from the ‘Argonaut’: now the property of J. Alison Glover, Esq., M.D.The date is late, not earlier than the first century B.C., as is indicated by the absence of the iota adscriptum, (1. 4), and the coarse style of the lettering. The form ἑατῶν in 1. 5 is characteristic of the first century B.C. Δίφιλος Ξανθίππου is not otherwise known to me. The πανήγυρις or festival assembly of the Panathenaea at Troy celebrated by the nine cities of the Ilian union is mentioned in numerous inscriptions. It is impossible to define further the outline of the original document, as so much is lost.
Archaeology in Greece (1906-1907)
Authors: Dawkins R. M. 
Published: May 2006

The archaeological activities of the twelvemonth from July 1906 to June 1907, with which this paper deals, have been very numerous. Not only are there many smaller discoveries of interest to be recorded, but also the more important excavations, the French at Delos, the German at Pergamon, to which may now be added those of the British School at Sparta, have made considerable progress. Especially important is the scheme for excavating the Agora and the northern slopes of the Acropolis at Athens, now at last begun after many difficulties by the Greek Archaeological Society.The work is under the direct supervision of the General Ephor of Antiquities, Dr. Kavvadhias, with a committee consisting of the Crown Prince as chairman, the president of the University, the mayor of Athens and the directors of the foreign Schools of Archaeology. A beginning has been made by the demolition of some houses near the Theseum. The scheme embraces the clearing of the whole of the northern slopes of the Acropolis, the Agora, and in general, the region between the Tower of the Winds and the Theseum. This area is entirely covered with houses, and this has given rise to serious difficulties. These are now in a fair way to be overcome, and great results are to be expected in the course of the next few years.
Rhesos of Thrace
Authors: Leaf Walter 
Published: May 2006

Across the fascinating, if somewhat flamboyant, pictures of the Doloneia there shoots a meteor like Goethe's Sternschuppe:— Aus der Höhe schoss ich her Im Stern- und Feuerscheine, Liege nun im Grase quer: Wer hilft mir auf die Beine?Rhesos appears in shining armour—or rather, we are told that he appears, for we never see him or hear him. We learn only that on the very night of his entry into the Trojan ranks he is slain in his sleep without a blow. His entry has not been prepared, his exit is forgotten; there is no word of him before or after the tenth book of the Iliad.
Queen Dynamis of Bosporus
Authors: Rostovtzeff M. 
Published: May 2006

In 1898 there were discovered in the ruins of an ancient building (maybe a temple) near Novorossijsk several objects made of bronze (a candelabrum, the remnants of a tripod, the handle of a vessel, probably some consecrated plate), and together with them was found a woman's bust in bronze.The style of the candelabrum reminds one closely of the candelabrum discovered in the vault of Mme. Zaitzeva in Kertch, and it dates consequently from the age of Augustus (see Rostovtzeff,Ancient Decorative Painting in the South of Russia, St. Petersburg, 1914, p. 207 f., Pl. LX.). The handle of a vessel, in all its details, is similar to handles of vessels found at Bori. The whole treasure found at Bori was published by E. M. Pridik (Materials for the Archaeology of Russia, No. 34), and it dates from about the beginning of the Christian era.
A Greek Carnival
Authors: Robertson D. S. 
Published: May 2006

In the discussion of Greek dramatic origins, a curious passage of Apuleius has never, so far as I know, been mentioned.In the second book of the Metamorphoses the hero Lucius describes a feast given at Hypata in Thessaly by his rich relative Byrrhena. After the feast Byrrhena informs him that an annual festival, coeval with the city, will be celebrated next day—a joyous ceremony, unique in the world, in honour of the god Laughter. She wishes that he could invent some humorous freak for the occasion. Lucius promises to do his best. Being very drunk, he then bids Byrrhena good-night, and departs with his slave for the house of Milo, his miserly old host. A gust blows out their torch, and they get home with difficulty, arm in arm. There they find three large and lusty persone violently battering the door. Lucius has been warned by his mistress, Milo's slave Fotis, against certain young Mohawks of the town—‘uesana factio nobilissimorum iuuenum’—who think nothing of murdering rich strangers. He at once draws his sword, and one by one stabs all three. Fotis, roused by the noise, lets him in and he quickly falls asleep.
Pisidian Wolf-priests, Phrygian Goat-Priests, and the Old-Ionian Tribes
Authors: Ramsay William Mitchell 
Published: May 2006

On a Pisidian tombstone the name Gagdabos Edagdabos occurs. In publishing this in the Revue des Universités du Midi, 1895, p. 360, I quoted Radet's tempting conjecture, that it is a case of filiation expressed by prefix. Religion however furnishes a more probable explanation. A priest named Gagdabos adds his title Edagdabos. Gagdabos is a reduplicated form such as is extremely common in Anatolian nomenclature: e.g. on a sarcophagus found in the north Isaurian hills not very far from Lystra the two names Gaa and Goggoa both occur and are evidently names in the same family, one a reduplication of the other; Kretschmer has noted (like all Anatolian students) the habit of using reduplicated names.Gagdabos therefore, implies a simpler name Gdabos or Gdawos: this word was grecised as δάος, and latinized as Davus, a common name of slaves from Anatolia.
Note on J.H.S. XLIII, 1923, p. 150
Authors: Amelung W. 
Published: May 2006

In his paper ‘The “Sophocles” Statue; a Reply,’ Theod. Reinach discusses the small Sophocles bust in the Sala delle Muse of the Vatican, with the fragmentary inscription of the name. In consequence of a communication from his pupil, M. Durry, he declares incorrect the statements in the third edition of Helbig's Führer. As I am responsible for these statements, I wish to say here very briefly that Durry's and Reinach's assertions do not correspond to fact. The upper part of the φ is preserved; but even if it were not, it would be impossible to fill up the given space with fewer or more than precisely three letters. Therefore the conjectures put forward by Reinach of Δι]οκλῆς or Ἐμπεδ]οκλῆς or even of the otherwise possible Ἀριστ]οκλῆς are at once ruled out.This and other questions raised by Reinach I shall go into fully in a paper which is to appear in the coming number of the Atti of the Accademia Pontificia Romana di Archeologia.
Archaeology in Greece, 1930–1931
Authors: Payne H. G. G. 
Published: May 2006

The following summary is principally compiled from reports supplied by the excavators or by their colleagues, to all of whom I wish to express my thanks. I again owe a special debt to the Director of the German Institute, Prof. Karo, who kindly sent me the proofs of his article in Arch. Anz. 1931, from which I have been able to fill several gaps. For details which could not, for reasons of space, be included here, I make reference to that article, to Prof. Oikonomos's Ἔκθεσις τῶν πεπραγμένων τῆς Ἀρχαιολογικῆς Ἑταιρείας and to M. Béquignon's article in B.C.H. 1930, 4520 ff.Athens and AtticaThe American excavations in the Athenian Agora, conducted by Prof. T. L. Shear, made a very satisfactory beginning in the early summer of 1931; they will be resumed in February 1932. Two sectors, each of about 1200 square metres area, were excavated, and in each important results were obtained. In the northern area the foundations of a large building which runs from north to south across the entire area as far as the cutting of the Athens-Peiraeus railway (how much further in this direction it may go cannot be said) came to light. This building, a narrow structure with two rows of columns on its east side, is identified with the Royal Stoa which Pausanias places on the right as one enters the Agora (Fig. 1); another narrow building, as yet partially excavated, may be the Stoa of Zeus Eleutherios. A water-channel in a wide street immediately west of this latter Stoa yielded some inscribed stelai which had been used as cover-blocks; others are still in situ and will be removed next year.
New Views on the Relations of the Aegean and the North Balkans
Authors: Childe V. G. 
Published: May 2006

We have been treated to many variants of the thesis that brings some or all the elements of neolithic culture in Greece from a little-known region north of the Balkans. Recently two versions have appeared that surpass their forerunners in profundity and erudition. After intensive study in the principal Greek Museums and visits to Serbia and Hungary, Dr. Frankfort has come to the conclusion that there was a great influx of people from the Danube basin across the Balkans and into Greece about the end of the First (Thessalian) Neolithic Period. This Danubian invasion would have been in a sense a counterpart of one from farther east that brought the obviously intrusive Dimini culture to eastern Thessaly.The clearest proof of their advent that his Danubians have left consists in certain types of carboniferous pottery. But, of course, carboniferous wares are characteristic of the earliest cultural layers in the whole east Mediterranean region from the Hellespont to Upper Egypt.
Groups of Campanian Red-Figure
Authors: Beazley J. D. 
Published: May 2006

The material I have had before me in this essay is comparatively scanty. Like many other students, I have not paid very much attention to Campanian in the past; and I am now dependent on published reproductions, a few photographs, a few originals, and not many notes of all the originals no longer accessible. Most of the reproductions published hitherto are poor or incomplete. The great majority of the vases come from irregular excavation, with no record of the circumstances in which they were found; and even where the search has been properly conducted, the published reports, with a few exceptions, are not fully illustrated. All this to explain gaps, errors, hesitations: not to crave indulgence.We begin with what may be called the Owl-Pillar Group, from the subject of two well-known vases. A list was given in Vases in Poland, p. 77, and the style characterised. The present list is more detailed, and includes additions. Most of the Berlin examples had already been put together by Furtwängler in his catalogue.
Greek Influence in the Adriatic Sea before the Fourth Century B.C.
Authors: Beaumont R. L. 
Published: May 2006

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the evidence for early Greek enterprise in the Adriatic, and to ascertain, within such limits as the scanty material imposes, its nature and extent. The Greek cities of Illyria and the eastern coast of Italy were always unimportant, though not, perhaps, quite so unimportant as has often been supposed. But it may be worth while to try to discover why no literary tradition has survived and why these cities remained without influence on, though not uninfluenced by, he main current of Greek history.I. The sources and the credibility of Greek enterprise in the Adriatic.Alcman is the only seventh-century author whose fragments betray an interest, albeit an incidental interest, in the Adriatic. He wrote for a Spartan audience, and would write what they could understand, and his poetry was sung at festivals in which many must have joined. Spartans of the late seventh century had heard something of the tribe in the northern corner of the Adriatic and of the Illyrians on the eastern shore or farther inland. In the sixth century Greek knowledge of Adriatic geography, human and physical, began to take shape. Not only the allusions in the poems of Mimnermus of Colophon and Ibycus of Rhegion, which shew that Greek legends were thus early being attached to the coasts of the Adriatic, but the systematic works of Scylax of Caryanda and Hecataeus of Miletus are as old as the sixth century.