bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sedation for middle ear surgery: prospective clinical trial comparing propofol and midazolam
Authors: Benedik Janez , Manohin Aleksander 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
During middle-ear-surgery under local anaesthesia (MES-LA), patients report hearing noises, feeling anxious, and experiencing earache. In a prospective randomized clinical trial, we compared propofol and midazolam for sedation in 68 patients scheduled for MES-LA. The starting dose of propofol was 1 to 1.5 mg per kilogram intravenously, followed by 1 to 2 mg per kilogram per hour given by infusion. The starting dose of midazolam was 0.02 to 0.05 mg per kilogram intravenously, followed by 0.01 to 0.02 mg per kilogram intravenously. Metamizol and fentanyl were added when required. Sedation was titrated to a Ramsay score of 3 to 4 and a bispectral index value of 70 to 80. Patients were assessed for vital parameters and sedation and pain scores. In the recovery room, readiness for discharge and satisfaction of both patient and surgeon with the procedure were assessed. The group receiving propofol had a significantly lower heart rate, shorter duration of sedation, and earlier readiness for discharge (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in other parameters evaluated. Seventy-nine per cent of patients in the group receiving propofol and 91.1% receiving midazolam would choose the same method of anaesthesia and sedation for any further MES-LA. Our results suggest that, compared to midazolam, propofol is more suitable for sedation in patients undergoing MES-LA. However, appropriate patient selection, adequate preparation, and careful monitoring are mandatory.
Ruptured right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Hakeem Abdul , Mudawi Telal , Morrison William 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
The sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a relatively rare condition that may be congenital or acquired. We present a case of a young man who was admitted to the emergency department with acute dyspnoea whilst playing football. After investigation, the diagnosis of a ruptured right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into the right atrium was made. The patient also had a bicuspid aortic valve. Percutaneous approach to close the fistula was unsuccessful and the patient underwent surgical closure of the fistula with replacement of his bicuspid aortic valve.
Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy of an acinar cell carcinoma
Authors: Hao Yin , Yong Shen , Xing Deng , Hong Peng 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) of the pancreas is relatively rare, accounting for only approximately 1% of all exocrine pancreatic tumors. Because ACC of the pancreas is rare, strategy for management needs to be explored. The patient was a 50-year-old man who presented with left upper quadrant pain over 6 months. A mass lesion, located at the pancreatic tail, measuring approximately 4 cm in diameter was found on ultrasound, abdominal dynamic CT. The patient underwent a laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Immunohistochemical stains and electron microscopic examination of the tumor was consistent with ACC. No complication occurred, and the patient was discharged in good condition on 10th postoperative day. During the 10 months of follow-up, CT and tumor markers revealed no recurrence. In conclusions, Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy can be performed safely for selected patients with nonmetastatic ACC at a favorable anatomic position. This operative strategy offers a minimally invasive surgery with the aim of a potential cure.
Comparison of Highly Sensitive CRP and Serum Creatinine as an Early Marker of Renal Impairment
Authors: Yeasmin Roksana , Bhuiyan Md Nizamul Hoque , Parveen Sultana , Ferdous Shamim Ara , Nahar Nazmun 
Published: October 2008

A case control study was done during the period of July 2004 to 2005. The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. 50 diagnosed chronic renal failure patients of both sexes not yet treated by dialysis and 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects were included in the study as case (Group-II) and control (Group-I) respectively. In this study, mean serum HS CRP concentration of CRF patients (50.938 Â±38.88)mg/l found to be significantly elevated in comparison to control (1.12Â±.29mg/l). In CRF patients, serum HS CRP found to show a strong negative correlation with creatinine clearance and a strong positive correlation with blood urea, serum creatinine. This study shows an inverse linear relationship between HS CRP and CCRin contrast to the inverse curvilinear relationship found to exist between serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. Regression analysis between CCR and HS CRP shows a rise of HS CRP Y one unit (mg/l) is accompanied by creatinine clearance to be decreased by 0 .44ml/min. Mean serum HS CRP concentration in chronic renal failure increases significantly. Early phase of decreased CCR can not be detected by the serum creatinine because serum creatinine does not increase until there is significant fall ( 30 ml/min) of creatinine clearance. In contrast to this serum HS CRP begins to rise from the very beginning of the fall of creatinine clearance. So the early phase of decreased creatinine clearance could be detected by simultaneous rise of serum HS CRP. Key Words: HS CRP, CRF, CCR. Â Â Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v7i1.1356 J MEDICINE 2006; 7 : 10-14
Chylous Ascites - A Presentation of Gastric Lymphoma
Authors: Bari Md Shafiqul , Yasmin Rubina , Ayaz KFM , Begum Afsana , Rajib NC , Rashid MA , Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Siddiqui FM 
Published: October 2008

A 47-year-old male was admitted with gradually developing ascites. Paracentesis revealed chylous fluid. Histoathology following endoscopic biopsy from the stomach was suggestive of diffuse Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, intermediate grade. Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v7i1.1360 J MEDICINE 2006; 7 : 36-38
Serum LDL Cholesterol/HDL Cholesterol Ratio Alternative to Albumin in Relation to Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Parveen S , Shamsuzzaman Md , Begum Khursid Ara , Bhuiyan Nizamul Haque , Yeasmin R , Saifunnahar M 
Published: October 2008

In a study of coronary heart disease in males, their is a correlation between LDL cholesterol/ HDL cholesterol ratio & albumin(r= 0.46,p < 0.001).We then correlated the LDL cholesterol: albumin ratio( TC: Alb) with the LDL c : HDL -c ratio ( r= 0.12,p < 0.001).An excellent correlation was obtained between LDL-C : Alb ratio separated the patients with normal ( < 5) and increased (>5) LDL-C: HDL-C ratio better than LDL-C by itself(Amin A Nanji, Suseela Reddy et al). Â Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v7i2.1364 J MEDICINE 2006; 7 : 51-53
Differences in Bacteriological and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns in UTI among Hospitalized Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Kamrul , Nazimuddin Khwaja , Ahmed AKM Shaheen , Sarker Rene Suzan Claude , Haque Muzammel , Musa AKM 
Published: October 2008

Aim of this study was to determine bacteriological pattern and there antibiotic sensitivity in UTI. The retrospective study carried out in department of internal medicine of BIRDEM on 300 consecutive patients with or without Diabetes Mellitus and whose urine culture shows growth of >105 organism/ml of urine, during the period from January 2006 to July 2007.A total of 300 patients were included in the study. The highest number of isolates was E.coli (62%,184) followed by Klebsiella (17%,50),Pseudomonas(6%,19), Enterococcus(8%, 23), Staphylococcus (3%, 10), Proteus (1%, 4) respectively in patient with DM(N-261) or without DM(N-39).All of these isolates were highly sensitive to Imipenem(96%) while some were high to moderate sensitive to other antibiotics. E.coli isolates showed high sensitivity to Aminoglycosides (72%, 133), Nitrofurantoin (70%, 129), and third generation Cephalosporin (61%, 112). Klebsiella was observed highly sensitive to third generation Cephalosporin (29%, 58) AND Nitrofurantoin (30%, 60). Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i1.1373 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 10-13
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) - A Disease of New Era
Authors: Azad Md Abul Kalam , Quayum Shaheen Lipika , Mohammad Hanif , Chowdhury Maj , Mahmood Tak , Rahim MA , Ahmed Tofayel 
Published: October 2008

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the term used to describe the alcohol-like liver injury that occurs in the absence of alcohol abuse (alcohol consumption of over 20 g/day excludes the condition). It includes a range of histological abnormalities including simple steatosis or fatty liver, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and NAFLD induced cirrhosis. Its increasing prevalence in western countries, the diagnostic difficulties by noninvasive tests, and the possibility of progression to advanced fibrosis and even cirrhosis make NASH a challenge for physicians. NASH is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, and several genetic and acquired factors are involved in its pathogenesis. Insulin resistance plays a central role in the development of a steatotic liver, which becomes vulnerable to additional injuries. Several cyclic mechanisms leading to self-enhancement of insulin resistance and hepatic accumulation of fat have been recently identified. Excess intracellular fatty acids, oxidant stress, tumor necrosis factor, and mitochondrial dysfunction are causes of hepatocellular injury, thereby leading to disease progression and to the establishment of NASH. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth also plays a role, by increasing production of endogenous ethanol and proinflammatory cytokines. Therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating insulin resistance, managing risk factors, including reduction of weight normalizing lipoprotein metabolism, and down regulating inflammatory mediators with probiotics have promising potential. Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i1.1375 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 17-27
Prevalence of Hypertension among the Patients Who Attend Medicine Outdoor of Dhaka Medical College Hospital
Authors: Kabir Ahmedul , Barman Tushar Kanti , Yousuf Nusrat Ara , Fatima Nusrat , Banik Jayanta 
Published: October 2008

Introduction: Worldwide, Hypertension is the established risk factor for many premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of hypertension depends on both the racial composition of the population and the criteria used to define the condition and on how extensively the evaluation I done. Objective: To find out the Prevalence of hypertension and also the variation of Prevalence of hypertension, at different age group, rural to urban population, association with other medical conditions and family history of hypertension among the patients who come to seek treatment in Medicine OPD, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the medicine outdoor of Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the whole month of July'2007. The patients who attend medicine OPD, DMCH during the month of July'2007 to seek medical treatment were included in the study. Exclusion criteria was who denied to measure Blood pressure or non cooperation of the patient. The diagnosis and classification of hypertension was done according to the JNC-7 report. A subject was considered hypertensive if one has an average SBP >140 mm of Hg of DBP>90 mm of Hg or if he/ she was already diagnosed as a hypertensive with or without anti-hypertensive medication. Blood pressure (BP) was measured twice in two arms by using sphygmomanometer. Among the newly detected hypertensive patients, blood pressure was again measured after 15 minutes of rest in handled chair, in calm environment. After second measurement if BP is still more than or equal to 140/90 mmHg, they were detected as hypertensive. After detecting hypertensive patient, their all data are recorded in a structured questionnaire. Results: After proper measurement of BP of 17,792 patients, hypertension was found in 554 patient (3.11%) of them 181 were male (32.67%) and 373 were female (67.33%). So, Prevalence of hypertension among the patient who attend medicine outdoor of DMCH is about 3.11% and slight this female predominance. Conclusion: This data may not exactly reflect the actual Prevalence of hypertension as it is outdoor hospital based but give an idea about the Prevalence of hypertension among the patient who attend for treatment in a tertiary based hospital. Â Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i2.1406 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 49-52
Clinical Study on Patients with Grossly Elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Authors: Haque Md Zahirul , Alam Saki Md Jakiul , Noman Mesbahuddin , Azhar MA 
Published: October 2008

This study was done in medicine indoor department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from January 2004 to March 2004. Consecutive 100 patients, who were advised to test the ESR by their physicians for their complaints and found to have an ESR, equal to or more than 100 mm in 1st hour, were included in this study. Among 100 patients 56 were male and 44 were female. All of them were classified in five age groups. They were also categorized according to their monthly income and occupation. Fever, generalized weakness, weight loss, pallor, pain, body ache were the common presenting complaints. Haematological disorder appeared to be most common cause (41%) of marked ESR elevation; followed by infectious diseases (36%) and connective tissue disorders (17%). Among the all patients 30% cases were haematological malignancies (i.e. acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukaemia, lymphomas, multiple myeloma). In 4% cases the cause could not be elicited. Â Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i2.1411 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 64-68
Two Cases of Sarcoidosis in One Family with Review
Authors: Kabir Ahmedul , Banik Jayanta , Barman Tushar Kanti 
Published: October 2008

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease that has an immunological basis. We report a family in which two members have been affected with sarcoidosis. The radiological findings of all cases were presented, together with histopathological diagnosis. The particular interest in this report is the fact that two family members we present here are blood relatives. Â Â Â DOI = 10.3329/jom.v8i2.1414 J MEDICINE 2007; 8 : 76-80
Binaphthyl‐Containing Green‐ and Red‐Emitting Molecules for Solution‐Processable Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Zhou Yi , He Qingguo , Yang Yi , Zhong Haizheng , He Chang , Sang Guangyi , Liu Wei , Yang Chunhe , Bai Fenglian , Li Yongfang 
Published: October 2008

AbstractStrong intermolecular interactions usually result in decreases in solubility and fluorescence efficiency of organic molecules. Therefore, amorphous materials are highly pursued when designing solution‐processable, electroluminescent organic molecules. In this paper, a non‐planar binaphthyl moiety is presented as a way of reducing intermolecular interactions and four binaphthyl‐containing molecules (BNCMs): green‐emitting BBB and TBT as well as red‐emitting BTBTB and TBBBT, are designed and synthesized. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of the molecules are systematically investigated and it is found that TBT, TBBBT, and BTBTB solutions show high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiencies of 0.41, 0.54, and 0.48, respectively. Based on the good solubility and amorphous film‐forming ability of the synthesized BNCMs, double‐layer structured organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with BNCMs as emitting layer and poly(N‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK) or a blend of poly[N,N′‐bis(4‐butylphenyl)‐N,N′‐bis(phenyl)benzidine] and PVK as hole‐transporting layer are fabricated by a simple solution spin‐coating procedure. Amongst those, the BTBTB based OLED, for example, reaches a high maximum luminance of 8315 cd · m−2 and a maximum luminous efficiency of 1.95 cd · A−1 at a low turn‐on voltage of 2.2 V. This is one of the best performances of a spin‐coated OLED reported so far. In addition, by doping the green and red BNCMs into a blue‐emitting host material poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl) high performance white light‐emitting diodes with pure white light emission and a maximum luminance of 4000 cd · m−2 are realized.
Hierarchical Superstructures with Helical Sense in Self‐Assembled Achiral Banana‐Shaped Liquid Crystalline Molecules
Authors: Lin Shih‐Chieh , Lin Tz‐Feng , Ho Rong‐Ming , Chang Chin‐Yen , Hsu Chain‐Shu 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe self‐assembly of 1,3‐phenylene bis[4‐(4‐n‐heptyloxybenzoyloxy)‐benzoates] (BC7) is studied to examine the formation of helical morphologies from achiral banana‐shaped liquid crystal molecules at different self‐assembling levels. Various hierarchical superstructures including flat‐elongated lamellar crystal, left‐ and right‐handed helical ribbons, and tubular texture are observed while the BC7 molecules self‐assemble in THF/H2O solution. By contrast, only plate‐like morphology is observed in the self‐assembly of achiral linear shaped 1,4‐phenylene bis[4‐(4‐n‐heptyloxybenzoyloxy)‐benzoates] (LC7) molecules, indicating that the chirality of the self‐assembled texture is strongly dependent upon the molecular geometry of the achiral molecules. The formation of the helical superstructures, namely hierarchical chirality, is attributed to the conformational chirality from the achiral banana‐shaped liquid crystalline molecules, as evidenced by significant optical activity in time‐resolved circular dichroism experiments. Selective area electron diffraction is performed to examine the structural packing of the hierarchical superstructures. As observed, the molecular disposition of the lamellar crystal is identical to that of the helical superstructure. Also, the diffraction patterns of the helical superstructures appeared arc‐like patterns consisting of a series of reflections, suggesting that the helical morphology resulted from the curving of the lamellar crystals through a twisting and bending mechanism. Consequently, the model of molecular disposition in the self‐assembled helical superstructures from the achiral banana‐shaped molecules is proposed. The morphological evolution in this study may provide further understanding with respect to the chiral information transfer mechanism from specific molecular geometry to hierarchical chirality in the achiral banana‐shaped molecules.
Anatomy and Growth Characteristics of Conjugated Polyelectrolyte/DNA Aggregates
Authors: Chi Chunyan , Chworos Arkadiusz , Zhang Jinping , Mikhailovsky Alexander , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractConjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have been widely used as light harvesting macromolecules to amplify the signals of fluorescent assays that betray the presence of various biomolecular targets. Electrostatic interactions play an important role in coordinating optical coupling events and lead to the formation of complexes between oppositely charged CPEs and the target species. Here, we combine for the first time optical studies and structural characterization by liquid phase atomic force microscopy (AFM) to provide a picture of aggregate structure and growth dynamics between cationic CPE and DNA as a function of charge ratio. Specifically, poly120, a copolymer containing a backbone with 50% fluorene, 30% phenylene, and 20% 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole (BT) units and pendant cationic groups was mixed with single stranded DNA (ssDNA) labeled with the Cy5 acceptor chromophore. Continuous addition of ssDNA‐Cy5 to poly120 leads to a saturation in Cy5 emission due to Cy5–Cy5 self‐quenching. Addition of ssDNA to a preformed poly120/ssDNA‐Cy5 solution results in increased sensitization by energy transfer and a reduction of Cy5–Cy5 self quenching. Adsorption of aggregates onto negatively charged mica under water allows for direct imaging of the polyelectrolyte complexes as a function of charge ratio. The composite set of observations allows for the development of a model for aggregate growth, which is dynamic and ceases when the surface charge becomes sufficiently negative. This saturation point can be mitigated by addition of unlabeled ssDNA.
The influence of sexual maturation on blood pressure and body fatness in African‐American adolescent girls and boys
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Wang Youfa 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTo examine the influence of sexual maturation (SM) on blood pressure (BP) and body fatness during puberty among African‐American children. Longitudinal data were collected from 283 African‐American children aged 9–15 years over a 1.5‐year period. Measured anthropometric measures included height, weight, skinfold thickness, waist circumference (WC), and systolic and diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) at baseline, 1‐year, and 1.5‐year follow‐up were used. SM was assessed using self‐reported Tanner stages (range 1–5) at baseline. Spearman correlation and regression analyses were conducted to test associations between study variables. Early maturing girls had higher BP and body mass index (BMI = weight (kg)/height (m)2) at follow‐up than nonearly maturing girls (SBP: 117.4 vs. 111.7; DBP: 66.3 vs. 60.7; BMI: 27.7 vs. 23.5; all P < 0.05, respectively). Baseline Tanner stage was positively associated with follow‐up SBP (r = 0.28), DBP (r = 0.37), BMI (r = 0.45), skinfold thickness (r = 0.37), and WC (r = 0.40) in girls, but not in boys. The influence of SM on BP independent of body size was tested via several different multiple linear regression models by adding measures of body size and their changes (height and BMI) between baseline and follow‐up. Early maturing girls had higher SBP and DBP (β = 4.30, P < 0.05; β = 3.28, P < 0.05; respectively) and BMI (β = 1.69, P < 0.05) at 1.5‐year follow‐up than their counterparts. In boys, a marginally significant reverse association (β = −1.05 to −1.19) between SM stages and DBP was detected. SM affects BP and body fatness in girls, and should be considered in assessment of BP and obesity in adolescents. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Change in body mass index is a stronger predictor of change in fat mass than lean mass in elderly black and white women
Authors: Arngrímsson Sigurbjörn Á. , McAuley Edward , Evans Ellen M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the relation between change in body mass index (BMI) and changes in fat mass (FM), lean soft tissue (LST), and percentage body fat (%Fat) in elderly (67.6 ± 6.0 years) women varying in race (53 black, 144 white) who underwent measurements of BMI, FM, LST, and %Fat at baseline and after 2 years. The group did not markedly change body composition over 2 years (BMI = −0.1 ± 1.5 kg/m2, P = 0.53; FM = 0.0 ± 2.8 kg, P = 0.95; LST = −0.4 ± 1.7 kg, P < 0.001; %Fat = 0.3 ± 2.0%, P = 0.06). Change in BMI predicted change in FM (r = 0.90, SEE = 1.19 kg FM, P < 0.001) but was less predictive of change in %Fat (r = 0.64, SEE = 1.54%Fat, P < 0.001). Change in BMI was curvilinearly related to change in LST adjusted for change in height (R = 0.76, SEE = 1.10 kg LST, P < 0.001). Change in BMI more strongly predicts change in FM than LST and could be used to monitor change in FM in community‐dwelling women. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Population genetic dynamics in the French Guiana region
Authors: Mazières Stéphane , Sevin André , Callegari‐Jacques Sidia M. , Crubézy Eric , Larrouy Georges , Dugoujon Jean‐Michel , Salzano Francisco M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThree sets of genetic markers (blood group plus protein polymorphisms, mitochondrial DNA, and Y‐chromosome) were compared in four French Guiana and one Brazilian Amerindian populations. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between five gene diversity statistics and historical or present‐day population sizes showed significant values, indicating loss of diversity due to population bottlenecks. The three sets of markers furnished distinct admixture estimates, and the blood group plus protein polymorphisms could have overestimated the European contribution to their gene pool. Correspondence analysis distinguished the coastal from the interior populations, possibly reflecting past migration events. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.