bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐dependent genetic effects on a secondary sexual trait in male Alpine ibex,Capra ibex
Authors: VON HARDENBERG ACHAZ , BASSANO BRUNO , FESTA‐BIANCHET MARCO , LUIKART GORDON , LANFRANCHI PAOLO , COLTMAN DAVID 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSecondary sexual traits, such as horns in ungulates, may be good indicators of genetic quality because they are costly to develop. Genetic effects on such traits may be revealed by examining correlations between multilocus heterozygosity (MLH) and trait value. Correlations between MLH and fitness traits, termed heterozygosity–fitness correlations (HFC), may reflect inbreeding depression or associative overdominance of neutral microsatellite loci with loci directly affecting fitness traits. We investigated HFCs for horn growth, body mass and faecal counts of nematode eggs in wild Alpine ibex (Capra ibex). We also tested if individual inbreeding coefficients (f′) estimated from microsatellite data were more strongly correlated with fitness traits than MLH. MLH was more strongly associated with trait variation thanf′. We found HFC for horn growth but not for body mass or faecal counts of nematode eggs. The effect of MLH on horn growth was age‐specific. The slope of the correlation between MLH and yearly horn growth changed from negative to positive as males aged, in accordance with the mutation accumulation theory of the evolution of senescence. Our results suggest that the horns of ibex males are an honest signal of genetic quality.
Intramuscular hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and nucleosides for prevention of recurrent hepatitis B following liver transplantation: comparison with other HBIG regimens
Authors: Anderson Robert D , Chinnakotla Srinath , Guo Linsheng , Perrillo Robert P , Klintmalm Göran B , Davis Gary L 
Published: April 2007

Abstract:  High titer hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) has significantly reduced the recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation. We compared our experience with intramuscular (IM) HBIG prophylaxis to our earlier outcomes with intravenous (IV) HBIG and other regimens.Methods:  One hundred and twenty‐three patients with acute or chronic hepatitis B underwent liver transplant at the Baylor Regional Transplant Center between July 1985 and July of 2005. Of these, 63 (43%) received long‐term low‐dose IM (n = 17) or high‐dose IV (n = 46) HBIG. All patients in IM group also received a nucleoside before and after transplant. These patients were compared with those transplanted earlier who received either no prophylaxis (n = 16) or HBIG on day zero and one only (n = 44).Results:  HBV recurrence was significantly lower in patients who received long‐term HBIG [9/38 (23.7%) for IV and 1/17 (5.9%) for IM] compared with patients who received no treatment (8/11; 72.7%) or only two doses of HBIG (32/40; 80.0%). Two‐yr actuarial survivals were 89%, 88%, 54%, and 64%, respectively. Patients on long‐term HBIG by either parenteral route survived as well as patients transplanted for other indications. Post‐transplant recurrence of hepatitis B in the long‐term HBIG groups was usually controlled by intensifying antiviral therapy.Conclusion:  Long‐term low‐dose IM and high‐dose IV HBIG are equally efficacious with similar survival and early hepatitis recurrence rates. Graft loss is usually avoidable when recurrence is discovered early and aggressively treated. The IM route is preferable to IV administration due to its ease of administration and lower cost.
Post‐transplant ischemic injury is associated with up‐regulated AlloMap gene expression
Authors: Yamani M.H. , Taylor D.O. , Haire C. , Smedira N. , Starling R.C. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract:  Background:  The AlloMap gene expression test is used for the non‐invasive detection of rejection. However, the impact of early post‐transplant ischemic injury on subsequent AlloMap gene expression analysis has not been evaluated before.Methods:  Sixty seven heart transplant recipients, mean age 53 years, were evaluated at a mean 34 months post‐transplant. AlloMap score was determined on the same day of heart biopsies. Nineteen patients had evidence of early post‐transplant ischemic injury (Injury group). These were compared with the remaining 48 patients, Control group.Results:  Using multiple regression model with a backward selection method, post‐transplant ischemic injury was found to be associated with significant increased AlloMap score compared with controls (31.5 ± 4.6 vs. 26 ± 6.2, p < 0.001). The Injury group had increased transplant vasculopathy (KM 5‐year freedom from vasculopathy: 34% vs. 52%, p = 0.015), than Controls.Conclusions:  Post‐transplant ischemic injury is associated with up‐regulated AlloMap gene expression, and hence, may provide another explanation for a high score in the absence of rejection.
Neurologic complications in adult living donor liver transplant recipients
Authors: Kim Bum‐Soo , Lee Sung‐Gyu , Hwang Shin , Park Kwang‐Min , Kim Ki‐Hun , Ahn Chul‐Soo , Moon Deok‐Bog , Ha Tae‐Yong , Song Gi‐Won , Kim Dong‐Sik , Moon Ki‐Myung , Jung Dong‐Hwan 
Published: April 2007

Abstract:  Background:  Neurologic complications (NC) after liver transplantation are not uncommon, with serious complications such as central pontine myelinolysis (CPM), often causing disability.Objective:  We investigated the incidence and features of NC following liver transplantation in adult recipients.Patients and methods:  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 319 adult patients who underwent liver transplantation between January 2004 and May 2005 at the Asan Medical Center.Results:  Neurologic complications developed in 49 of 319 patients (15.4%). Although most of these complications were minor, including tremor and foot drop, three patients developed CPM, and one each developed posterior leukoencephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction. One‐yr survival rates were 95.9% in patients without NC and 83.7% in patients with NC (p = 0.004). Hospital stay was prolonged in patients with NC. Graft‐to‐recipient body weight ratio (GRWR) did not affect occurrence of NC.Conclusions:  Neurologic complications were not uncommon in liver transplant recipients. These complications contributed to prolongation of hospital stay, increased in‐hospital mortality, and decreased graft and patient survival. Every effort should be made to prevent NC, as well as to detect and treat them as soon as possible.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report on understanding antibodies in transplantation
Authors: Zachary A. A. , Montgomery R. A. , Jordan S. C. , Reinsmoen N. L. , Claas F. H. J. , Reed E. F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA session of the 14 International Histocompatibility Workshop brought together experts representing the major clinical protocols, clinical research, and basic research dealing with overcoming the barrier of alloantibody in transplantation and in understanding the mechanisms by which those antibodies exert their effect on a transplanted organ. This report is an integration of the presentations of those scientists.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report on the structural basis of HLA compatibility
Authors: Duquesnoy R. J. , Claas F. H. J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractUnder auspices of the 14th International Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Immunogenetics Workshop, multilaboratory collaborative studies were organized addressing the following projects: (1) identification of structurally defined class I and class II HLA epitopes by human monoclonal antibodies, (2) assessment of the relative immunogenicity of structurally defined donor HLA mismatches in kidney transplantation, and (3) evaluation of the usefulness of structurally based HLA matching in platelet transfusion support of alloimmunized thrombocytopenic patients. This progress report describes a preliminary HLAMatchmaker‐based data analysis in each project. The findings support the clinical usefulness of structural HLA matching.
Fourier transform infrared imaging as a method for detection of HLA class I expression in melanoma without the use of antibody
Authors: Chew S. F. , Wood B. R. , Kanaan C. , Browning J. , MacGregor D. , Davis I. D. , Cebon J. , Tait B. D. , McNaughton D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression in melanoma is usually assessed using immunohistochemical staining. Here we report on the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) hyperspectral imaging, a method widely used in two‐dimensional analysis of chemical components, to study HLA class I expression in tissue. Two‐dimensional cluster colour images derived from unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis of FTIR hyperspectral data on melanoma sections were compared with consecutive sections that were immunohistochemically stained for class I expression. HLA‐class‐I‐positive and ‐negative areas were differentiated by FTIR cluster images in all eight melanoma sections investigated without the need for antibody attachment. FTIR imaging enables the distinction of HLA‐class‐I‐positive from class‐I‐negative areas in melanoma. This method is accurate, rapid and cost‐effective.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report on joint study on canine DLA diversity
Authors: Kennedy L. J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe canine DLA diversity component of the 14th International HLA and Immunogenetics (IHI) Workshop had three main aims: i) to establish the range of DLA class II (DRBI, DQA1, DQB1) diversity and their distribution in dog breeds, ii) to identify DLA class II haplotypes by segregation in families and iii) to examine DLA class II associations with disease susceptibility. Over 1600 dogs from seven participating laboratories were typed for three DLA class II loci as part of the workshop. Standard sequence‐based typing methods were used, and all the data were of high quality.
Canine DLA diversity: 2. Family studies
Authors: Kennedy L. J. , Barnes A. , Short A. , Brown J. J. , Lester S. , Seddon J. , Happ G. M , Ollier W. E. R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe canine Major Histocompatibility Complex is referred to as DLA (for dog leukocyte antigen). There are no published studies on DLA segregation in the dog, so this part of the DLA workshop aimed to collect DNA from multigeneration families of different breeds of dogs. Twenty‐two families of dogs were submitted to the workshop, comprising 313 individuals, of which 247 had one or both parents available.
Tools for analysing ambiguous HLA data
Authors: Nunes José M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAnalyses of large projects involving human leukocyte antigen data often face the difficulty of having data sets gathered using distinct techniques and resolution levels. Furthermore, it is not infrequent that missing and ambiguous data arise at one or several loci. This article describes a set of computer programs that can be used to work efficiently with these kinds of data. The tasks of concern include format conversions, data recoding and replacement, and Expectation–Maximization (gene–counting) based frequency estimation for sets with ambiguous cases either under the assumption of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium frequencies or when some deviation exists (measured by a one degree of freedominbreeding coefficient). This set of utilities is built on the top of a data format formally defined. The formal definition of the format allows to express all kinds of observable ambiguities, to define a simpler form for writing and manipulating data set files and to make substantial modifications of the actual symbols chosen to describe the data.
Strategies for new donor typing based on donor HLA type or donor characteristics
Authors: Little A.‐M. , Jindra P. , Raffoux C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRegistries of volunteer unrelated haematopoietic stem cell donors must make decisions on the procedures used to human leukocyte antigen type new donors based on various factors including available finances and donor diversity. This manuscript describes a comparison of new donor typing strategies for three European registries which was presented for discussion at the 14th International Histocompatibility Workshop.
Quality control for registry HLA data
Authors: Tiercy J.‐M. , Fischer G. , Setterholm M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this panel discussion, the following issues were addressed: the evaluation of the quality of the volunteer donors human leukocyte antigen (HLA) assignments, the quality criteria that should be met by the laboratories, the source of errors, the measures that registries can take to assess the quality of HLA testing, and the updating of the initial result with emphasis on resolution of typing discrepancies. Several relevant factors were put forward: the need for the registries to define the HLA loci and the level of resolution requested, and the importance of the accreditation programs with adequate external proficiency testing. The feasibility of annual quality controls of a national registry addressing the limitations of HLA class I serology, and the rules set up by a large registry to incorporate new data on donors HLA types and to rapidly track typing discrepancies, were reported.
Improving communication among the HLA typing laboratories, transplant centers, and coordinating center
Authors: Gordon S. , Holdsworth R. , Müller C. , Tiedemann K. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractGood communication between the bone marrow registries, the donor centres, tissue typing laboratories and clinical units is paramount to ensure timely identification, testing and selection of donors for unrelated bone marrow transplants. This panel session focussed on how to improve communication so that there was a clear understanding of prioritization of requests from clinicians, typing strategies in the laboratories and requests for donors to the registries. This paper outlined some of the strategies discussed in this session.
Clinical importance of HLA‐DPB1 in haematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Shaw B. E. , Gooley T. , Madrigal J. A. , Malkki M. , Marsh S. G. E. , Petersdorf E. W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThere is increasing evidence for a significant effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DPB1 mismatching on complications following unrelated donor haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). In this analysis of 5930 patient/donor pairs, we found that a DPB1 mismatch predicted significantly for an increased risk of acute graft‐vs‐host disease [hazard ratio (HR): 1.33; P‐value = <0.0001], while protecting against disease relapse (HR: 0.82, P‐value = 0.01). These data support an immunogenic role for HLA‐DPB1 in HCT and the need for pretransplant tissue typing at this locus.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor component
Authors: Hsu K. C. , Pinto‐Agnello C. , Gooley T. , Malkki M. , Dupont B. , Petersdorf E. W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRecognition of recipient human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligand by donor natural killer cell killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIR) has been proposed as the basis for donor allograft reactivity against malignancy leading to reduction in posttransplant relapse and higher survival for acute myelogenous leukemia. Analysis of KIR ligand effects in 1770 patients undergoing myeloablative T‐replete hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from HLA‐matched or mismatched unrelated donors showed that lack of KIR ligand in patients for inhibitory KIR was associated with lower hazards of relapse in leukemia patients with in HLA‐mismatched transplants [hazard ratio (HR): 0.061; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43–0.85; P‐value = 0.004]. Absence of HLA‐C group 2 or HLA‐Bw4 KIR ligands were each associated with lower hazards of relapse (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28–0.79; P‐value = 0.004; HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.33–0.97; P‐value = 0.04, respectively). Based on these analyses, recipient homozygosity for HLA‐B or ‐C epitopes that define KIR ligands is likely to be a predictive factor for leukemia relapse following myeloablative HCT from unrelated donors. KIR genotyping for unrelated donors and recipients will clarify the role of these receptors in transplant outcome.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report from the Sequencing‐Based Typing Group
Authors: Tilanus M. , Sayer D. C 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSequencing‐Based Typing (SBT) provides the golden standard for the identification of polymorphism among the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Several SBT approaches have been published. Updated protocols for HLA‐DRB and ‐DQB were presented and an approach for DQA, covering all exons, validated. The highest level of allele typing can be realized with strategies for resolving allele and genotype ambiguities. Bioinformatics provides the tools for exchange and sharing data with a community standard in XML format.
HLA‐DRB sequencing‐based typing: an improved protocol which shows complete DRB exon 2 sequences and includes exon 3 of HLA‐DRB4/5
Authors: Van Dijk A. , Melchers R. , Hilkes Y. , Rozemuller E. , Tilanus M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSeveral human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DRB protocols for sequencing‐based typing have been described. In general, the DRB1 amplification is performed using group‐specific amplification primers (GSAPs) located in HVR I or intron 1. Only some protocols include amplification of DRB3, DRB4, and DRB5. However, prior knowledge obtained by alternative methods such as PCR‐SSP is preferred for some protocols and a large amount of DNA is often required for adequate typing of HLA‐DRB1. We describe a new protocol that uses GSAPs located in the introns, includes also sequencing of exon 3 to enable high resolution. This protocol allows DRB typing without prior knowledge of the HLA type.
HLA‐DQB1 sequencing‐based typing updated
Authors: Van Dijk A. , Melchers R. , Tilanus M. , Rozemuller E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe use of direct sequencing as a typing strategy is well acknowledged. Direct sequencing identifies all sequence motifs including new polymorphisms in heterozygous sequences. The earlier protocols for human leukocyte antigen HLA‐DQB1 Sequencing‐Based Typing (SBT) frequently encounter preferential amplification of one of the alleles that can lead to unreliable sequences or even to allelic dropout. In our new approach, the quality of the exon 2 sequences, now including both alleles to the same extend, was achieved by amplifying the HLA‐DQB1*05/06 group into two groups by changing the common 3′ amplification primer. In combination with exon 3 this updated HLA‐DQB1 protocol provides a reliable approach for heterozygous sequencing.
Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor polymorphisms in HLA‐identical kidney transplant recipients: lack of 2DL2 and 2DS2 may be associated with poor graft function
Authors: Cirocco R. E. , Mathew J. M. , Burke G. W. , Esquenazi V. , Miller J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractKiller cell immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIR) on natural killer cells mediate killing by recognizing class I presentation of peptides by infected or oncogenic cells. KIR differences in stem cell transplants have been implicated in increased graft vs host disease. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched‐related kidney recipients have the best graft survival as compared to one haplotype‐matched recipients. These HLA‐identical transplant pairs may be ideal for studying minor HLA antigens and KIR polymorphic differences and their relation to graft function. We have studied KIR polymorphism in recipients and donor pairs of HLA‐matched sibling kidney transplants to demonstrate differences in genotype as related to long‐term graft function and/or chronic rejection. We employed a KIR genotyping kit (Dynal, Brown Deer, WI), that uses sequence‐specific priming by PCR to identify 19 alleles for genotypes in 12 donor/recipient (D/R) pairs at least 1 year posttransplant. There were two pairs that had different alleles in the recipient that were not found in the donor. One pair had different alleles found in the donor that were not present in the recipient. Two pairs had difference in alleles in both the donor and recipient. Seven of the 12 pairs had the same KIR genotype. Eight of the 12 pairs (both donor and recipient) exhibited a haplotype with 2DL2+ and 2DS2+. Four of the 12 exhibited a haplotype 2DL2− and 2DS2−. Three out of four of these recipients had increased creatinine levels and at least one graded rejection episode. One of these three has lost their graft. In conclusion, the genotyping of HLA‐matched sibling kidney transplant D/R pairs demonstrates that there may be an association of higher risk for poor graft function when both genotypes lack 2DL2 and 2DS2.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report on KIR receptors and their applications
Authors: Middleton D. , Christiansen F. T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDuring the last few years many laboratories have developed a keen interest in detecting killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) receptor genes in various populations, diseases and in stem cell transplantation. At the 14th International Histocompatibility Workshop held in Melbourne in December 2006, many of these laboratories presented their findings at a special session. To introduce this work, we provide an introduction to KIR receptors and an outline of previous applications of KIR receptor typing prior to the Workshop.
KIRs and autoimmune disease: studies in systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma
Authors: Pellett F. , Siannis F. , Vukin I. , Lee P. , Urowitz M. B. , Gladman D. D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe investigated killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs) and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐C ligands for the corresponding inhibitory KIRs in Caucasian patients, 304 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 90 with scleroderma [or progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS)] compared with 416 Caucasian controls. Compared with controls, KIR2DS1 in the absence of KIR2DS2 was increased in both SLE (P= 0.04) and PSS (P= 0.02). Only 42% of KIR2DS1‐positive PSS patients had the appropriate HLA‐C ligand for the corresponding inhibitory KIR compared with 61% of KIR2DS1 positive controls (P= 0.02). In the PSS group the presence of at least either activating KIR2DS1 and/or 2DS2 was significantly increased in patients when compared with controls (P= 0.001). This suggests that KIR receptors play a role in susceptibility to both PSS and SLE.
Influence of killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor genotypes on acute graft‐vs‐host disease after unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Koreans
Authors: Kim S.‐Y. , Choi H.‐B. , Yoon H.‐Y. , Choi E.‐J. , Cho B. , Kim H.‐K. , Kim Y.‐J. , Kim H.‐J. , Min C.‐K. , Kim D.‐W. , Lee J.‐W. , Min W.‐S. , Kim C.‐C. , Kim T.‐G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractInteractions between killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs) and human leukocyte antigen class I ligands influence the development of the natural killer cell repertoire and the responses to infection, cancer, and allogeneic tissue. In this study, the association of KIR genes with acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) was investigated in 44 pairs of leukemia patients and their unrelated donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Donors with more than 12 KIR genes showed significantly decreased frequencies of severe acute GVHD compared with donors with less than 11 KIR genes (P < 0.05). The distribution of KIR genotypes was not different between severe and mild acute GVHD in patients and donors, respectively. These results suggest that the number of KIR genes in donors could influence the occurrence of acute GVHD after unrelated HSCT.
14th International HLA and Immunogenetics Workshop: Report on non‐classical class I genes
Authors: Arnaiz‐Villena A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNon‐classical class I genes are encoding for cell surface proteins that have largely yet unknown functions. Although some of these proteins (human leukocyte antigens E, F and G) have been shown to present peptides, their polymorphism is very restricted at the peptide‐binding region. In the present Workshop, several papers were presented addressing detection, evolutive and functional issues of these proteins. The general inhibitory immunological function of these proteins is put forward.