bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clonal analysis of T lymphocytes in spleens from patients with Hodgkin's disease. Frequent occurrence of unusual T4‐positive cells which co‐express cytolytic activity and production of interleukin‐2
Authors: Romagnani S. , Maggi E. , Parronchi P. , Macchia D. , Prete G. F. Del , Rossi‐Ferrini P. L. , Ricci M. , Moretta L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT‐lymphocyte populations isolated from spleens of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) were grown by combining limiting dilution techniques and an assay system that allows clonal proliferation of virtually all human T cells. Under these conditions, high proportions of splenic T lymphocytes (50‐80%) underwent clonal expansion, so that the set of clones obtained could be considered representative of the starting T‐cell population. A total number of 229 clones from 6 HD spleens (3 uninvolved and 3 histologically involved by the disease) and 133 clones from 3 control spleens (obtained from otherwise healthy individuals, who underwent post‐traumatic splenectomy) were examined for surface markers and tested in functional assays. One hundred and seventy‐five clones from HD spleens and 75 clones from control spleens expressed the “helper/inducer” (T3+ T4+ T8−) phenotype, whereas 54 clones from HD spleens and 58 control clones expressed the “cytotoxic/suppressor” (T3+ T4− T8+) phenotype. As assessed by a non‐specific lectin‐dependent lytic assay, the proportion of HD clones displaying cytolytic activity was higher than that of cytolytic clones derived from control spleens. The majority of T4+ clones obtained from HD spleens (either uninvolved or histologically involved by the disease) were cytolytic, whereas only a small proportion (less than 10%) of T4+ clones derived from normal peripheral blood or spleens displayed cytolytic activity. The cytolytic potential of T4+ clones obtained from HD spleens did not reflect the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, since a minority of these clones exerted NK activity on K562 target cells. In addition, most of the T4+ cytolytic clones derived from HD spleens produced particularly high amounts of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). These data indicate that T lymphocytes which concentrate in spleens of patients with HD consist at least in part of an infrequent T4+ cell subset co‐expressing cytolytic activity and production of IL‐2. These cells may reflect a cytotoxic reaction against unknown antigens associated with self class‐II histocompatibility antigens.
Epstein‐Barr viral serology in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the USSR and Cuba, and its value for differential diagnosis of the disease
Authors: Gurtsevitch V. , Ruiz R. , Stepina V. , Plachov I. , le Riverend E. , Glazkova T. , Lavoué M.‐F. , Paches A. , Aliev B. , Mazurenko N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerological responses to Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated antigens were studied in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in 2 countries non‐endemic for the disease: the USSR (77 cases) and Cuba (55 cases). Two age‐ and sex‐matched control groups were available, one consisting of patients with other head‐and‐neck tumours (OHNT) (171 from the USSR and 56 from Cuba), and the other of normal individuals (blood donors) (83 from the USSR and 80 from Cuba). Unlike the control groups, NPC patients from both countries had high levels of IgG and IgA antibodies, similar to those seen in patients from endemic areas. The only difference between NPC patients in the USSR and those in Cuba was lower (2–2.5 fold) anti‐VCA IgG and IgA antibody titres. Using one‐factor and multi‐factor statistical methods the diagnostic value of different titres of EBV‐specific IgG and IgA antibodies and their combinations for NPC patients (in the USSR) was evaluated. It was found that with simple mathematical analysis of EBV‐specific antibody titres a differential diagnosis of NPC could be made to a significance level of 90%. The data obtained demonstrated the importance and reliability of EBV serology in the diagnosis of NPC in areas of low incidence of the disease.
HTLV‐I carriers among migrants from an ATL‐endemic area to ATL non‐endemic metropolitan areas in Japan
Authors: Tajima Kazuo , Tominaga Suketami , Suchi Taizan , Fukui Hisao , Komoda Haruko , Hinuma Yorio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prevalence of antibodies against HTLV‐I among Kyushu natives aged 16 to 39 years who moved from Nagasaki and Kagoshima prefectures to Aichi prefecture (a non‐endemic area for ATL) was compared by their cities or counties of birth. The positive rate of anti‐HTLV‐I antibody was 2.4% (II/400) among Nagasaki natives, 6.4% (20/312) among Kagoshima natives and 4.0% (31/772) for both combined. There was a slight difference in the positive rate of anti‐HTLV‐I antibody between Kyushu natives from cities (3.3%) and from counties (4.5%). In county areas, the prevalence of anti‐HTLV‐I antibodies among migrants from areas of relatively higher mortality for malignant lymphomas (7.5%) was significantly higher (p<0.01) than among persons from lower mortality areas (1.9%). Most “positive” persons had moved from Kyushu to Aichi prefecture between the ages of 15 and 18 years. The results of the present study suggest that: (1) there is a considerable number of HTLV‐I carriers among Kyushu natives who have settled in ATL non‐endemic areas, especially among those born in regions of Kyushu district which have a high mortality rate for malignant lymphomas; and (2) that Kyushu natives who had settled in metropolitan areas might have been exposed to HTLV‐I during childhood in their birthplace.
Beta‐carotene levels in exfoliated mucosa cells of population groups at low and elevated risk for oral cancer
Authors: Stich Hans F. , Hornby A. Paul , Dunn Bruce P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBeta‐carotene was estimated in exfoliated oral mucosa cells in groups of individuals at various risks for oral cancer. Approximately 4 × 106 exfoliated cells were collected from each subject by brushing the oral mucosa. Cell pellets were hydrolyzed with pronase and then with KOH/methanol. Beta‐carotene was extracted with hexane, separated by reverse‐phase HPLC, and detected at 450 nm. Mean beta‐carotene levels in exfoliated cells were 0.08 ng/106 cells for 56 heavy consumers of alcoholic beverages (150 g or more per week), 1.36 ng/106 cells for 28 Seventh Day Adventists (all abstainers from alcohol, tobacco and meat consumption), 1.39 ng/106 cells for 55 lacto‐vegetarians of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKC) (abstainers from alcohol and tobacco), and 1.08 ng/106 cells for 61 representatives of a “Western” lifestyle pattern (64% consumed the equivalent of at least one bottle of wine or 7 bottles of beer per week, and all were non‐smokers). If the heavy alcohol consumers (males) are matched to non‐drinking males of comparable age, the mean beta‐carotene values are 0.08 ng versus 1.24 ng/106 cells. The possible involvement of the low levels of beta‐carotene in the mucosa of heavy alcohol drinkers in increased sensitivity towards the carcinogenic and genotoxic activity of cigarette smoking plus alcohol ingestion is discussed.
Multistep process of neoplastic transformation of normal human fibroblasts by 60CO gamma rays and harvey sarcoma viruses
Authors: Namba Masayoshi , Nishitani Koji , Fukushima Fujiko , Kimoto Tetsuo , Nose Kiyoshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAs reported previously (Namba et al., 1985), normal human fibroblasts were transformed by 60Co gamma‐ray irradiation into immortal cells with abnormal karyotypes. These transformed cells (KMST‐6), however, showed a low cloning efficiency in soft agar and no transplantability. However, upon treatment with Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha‐MSV), the cells acquired elevated clonability in soft agar and transplantability in nude mice. Ha‐MSV alone, however, did not convert normal human fibroblasts into either immortal or tumorigenic cells. The Ha‐MSV‐transformed KMST‐6 cells showed an enhanced expression of the ras oncogene, but normal and 60Co gamma‐ray‐transformed cells did not. Our current data suggest that gamma rays worked against normal human cells as an initiator, giving rise to chromosome aberrations and immortality, and that Ha‐MSV, probably through its ras oncogene, played a role in the progression of the malignant cell population to a more malignant one showing enhanced colony formation in soft agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice.
Comparative study on pyruvate kinase activity‐reducing action of various promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Yanagi S. , Sakamoto M. , Nakano T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChemicals such as PB, DDT, EED, sodium deoxycholate, thiobenzamide, orotic acid and SorFAE which enhance the formation of liver tumors or HN, caused a marked decrease in PK activity in Wistar rat liver that persisted for at least 4 weeks, though the decrease caused by EED was not so marked as that caused by other hepatic promoters. Non‐promoting agents such as DH, and some chemicals, such as DEXA, testosterone and AB, which enhance the formation of GGT‐positive foci in rat livers, but do not enhance the formation of tumors or HN, caused decreases in PK activity in some cases. Any such decreases, however, were only transient and normal levels were restored within 4 weeks. The results suggest that the continuous decrease in PK activity may be a useful marker in screening tests for the promoters of hepatocar‐cinogenesis.
Synergistic antileukemic effect of two polyamine synthesis inhibitors. Host survival and cell‐cycle kinetic analysis
Authors: Ask Anders , Persson Lo , Oredsson Stina M. , Heby Olle 
Published: February 2007

Abstractα‐Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an enzyme‐activated irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxyl‐ase, was used alone and in combination with multiple doses of methylglyoxal‐bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) to treat mice with systemic L1210 leukemia. Used as a single agent (administered p.o. as a 3% solution in tap water), DFMO exerted a weak therapeutic effect against this tumor. The therapeutic effect of MGBG (administered i.p. at 50 mg/kg/day) was only slightly better. However, 1–3 days of pretreatment with DFMO strongly potentiated the effect of MGBG treatment. Thus, mice treated with the combination exhibited an increase in life span of up to 138%. The prolonged survival of leukemic mice treated with a combination of DFMO and MGBG was associated with inhibition of polyamine synthesis and a marked decrease in the spermidine and spermine content of the tumor cells as compared to untreated controls. As a consequence, there was a continuous decrease in the S‐ and G2‐phase fractions with a concomitant increase in G1. Used singly, DFMO and MGBG had no significant effect on the cell‐cycle distribution. The effects of the combination of DFMO and MGBG on the cell‐cycle distribution are consistent with the contention that polyamine deficiency primarily interferes with initiation of DNA synthesis. However, the possibility that selective S‐phase kill partly contributes to this change in cell‐cycle distribution cannot be excluded.
Adenosine deaminase complexing protein (ADCP) immunoreactivity in colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kate Joop Ten , van de Ingh Harry F. G. M. , Khan P. Meera , Bosman Fré T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunoreactive adenosine deaminase complexing protein (ADCP) was studied in 91 human colorectal adenocarcinomas. The expression of ADCP was correlated with that of secretory component (SC) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with the histological grade and the Dukes' stage of the carcinomas. The histological grade was scored semi‐quantitatively according to 5 structural and 4 cytological variables. ADCP expression was observed in 3 different staining patterns, namely: (1) diffuse cytoplasmic (77% of the carcinomas); (2) granular cytoplasmic (13%); and (3) membrane‐associated (66%). These patterns were observed alone or in combination. Eleven percent of the carcinomas exhibited no ADCP immunoreactivity. Linear regression analysis showed that the expression of ADCP correlates with that of SC and CEA. However, no significant correlation emerged between the histological parameters or the Dukes' stage and any of the immunohistological parameters. Comparison of the histological characteristics of carcinomas exhibiting little or no ADCP immunoreactivity with those showing extensive immunoreactivity, showed that membranous ADCP immunoreactivity occurs more frequently in well‐differentiated carcinomas. Structural parameters showed a better correlation with membranous ADCP expression than the cytological variables. It is concluded that membranous expression of ADCP and CEA are indicators of a high level of differentiation as reflected primarily in the structural characteristics of the tumor.
Use of monoclonal antibodies to human breast‐tumor‐associated antigens in fine‐needle aspirate cytology
Authors: Nuti M. , Mottolese M. , Viora M. , Donnorso R. Perrone , Schlom J. , Natali P. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is currently used in evaluating the nature of breast nodules. In the present study we have examined whether monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to breast‐tumor‐associated antigens (BTAA) can be employed in FNAC for the diagnosis of breast cancer. For this purpose we have used 2 murine MAbs recognizing 2 distinct BTAA expressed by breast tumors, irrespective of their histotype, in an indirect avidin‐biotin immunohistochemical technique on aspirate smears. The results of this study show that, while benign lesions are consistently negative, tumor cells containing aspirates are reactive with at least one MAb in 95% of the cases. Thus, selected MAbs to BTAA may be a powerful diagnostic tool in conjunction with conventional cytology, and because of the objective interpretation of the immunohistochemical findings, FNAC of the breast can eventually be extended outside specialized institutions.
Molecular cloning of two new HPV types (HPV 37 and HPV 38) from a keratoacanthoma and a malignant melanoma
Authors: Scheurlen Wolfram , Gissmann Lutz , Gross Gerd , Hausen Harald Zur 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral benign and malignant skin tumors were analyzed for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. By hybridization with different HPV DNA probes under non‐stringent conditions (Tm −40° C), two tumors were found to contain HPV‐specific DNA sequences in high copy numbers: (1) a keratoacanthoma from a patient who also suffered from a basalioma; (2) a superficial spreading malignant melanoma of an immunosuppressed patient. For further analysis of these DNA sequences genomic libraries from both tumour DNAs were constructed and, out of these, 4 different HPV DNA types have been cloned. By cross‐hybridization experiments and restriction map analysis HPV 9 DNA was identified in the keratoacanthoma whereas HPV 17a DNA could be cloned from the malignant melanoma. From each tumor one additional HPV‐type not identical to other known HPV‐types was cloned. These isolates are closely related to HPV 9, 15, 17, 22 and 23. A physical map of both HPV DNAs was constructed. Size (7.8 kbp), co‐linear alignment to HPV 16, cross‐hybridization with other HPV‐types under conditions of low stringency and monomic episomal state of the HPV molecules indicate that these two DNA probes represent new HPV types that have been tentatively designated as HPV 37 (keratoacanthoma) and HPV 38 (malignant melanoma). None of these two HPV types could be found in any other of 231 tumor DNAs originating from different tissues.
Clonal evolution of T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a patient with ataxia telangiectasia
Authors: Taylor A. M. R. , Butterworth S. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAtaxia telangiectasia (A‐T) is an autosomal recessive disorder in which patients show an unusual predisposition to malignant disease, including T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. We report here the steady growth over 5 years of a complex, cytogenetically abnormal clone of T lymphocytes in an A‐T patient who was subsequently found to have an OKT3/OKT8 chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The tumour cells at diagnosis had clearly evolved from a pre‐existing, cytogenetically abnormal T‐cell clone which contained an inv(14) chromosomal inversion alone.
Recurrent chromosome abnormalities in adult T‐cell lymphomas of peripheral T‐cell origin
Authors: Fujita Kazuyuki , Fukuhara Shirou , Nasu Kaori , Yamabe Hirohiko , Tomono Naomi , Inamoto Yasuhiko , Shimazaki Chihiro , Ohno Hitoshi , Doi Shoichi , Kamksaki Hiroshi , Ueshima Yoshimi , Uchino Haruto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytogenetic studies were performed on 11 Japanese patients with adult T‐cell lymphoma of peripheral T‐cell origin. All patients had a histologic diagnosis of diffuse lymphoma, and were treated with intensive combination chemotherapy; their median survival was 6 months. Lymphomas were categorized on the basis of the classification proposed by the Lymphoma Study Group of Japan: 5 patients had the features of pleomorphic lymphoma; 3, mixed lymphoma; 2, large‐cell lymphoma; and 1, medium‐sized‐cell lymphoma. The modal chromosome number of abnormal cells was near‐diploid in 7, and hypotetraploid in 4 including 3 patients with pleomorphic lymphoma. Abnormalities of the clonal chromosomes were observed in all 11 patients. A translocation of the short arm of 19 at band 19p13 was found in 2 patients with pleomorphic lymphoma and in one patient each with mixed lymphoma and medium‐sized‐cell lymphoma. A transloction of the short arm of 14, with a break at band 14p12, occurred in 4 patients with pleomorphic lymphoma. In one patient each with mixed lymphoma and large‐cell lymphoma, an extra chromosome 3 was found. The numerical change was unique because their lymphomas were further categorized as “angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia” and “large‐cell immunoblastic lymphoma”, respectively. Our findings suggest that characteristic chromosome abnormalities occur in adult T‐cell lymphoma, and dividing cells in the tetraploid range tend to be precominant in pleomorphic lymphoma.
Procoagulant activity of human alveolar macrophages: Different expression in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Semeraro Nicola , De Lucia Onofrio , Lattanzio Angela , Montemurro Pasqualina , Giordano Domenico , Loizzi Michele , Carpagnano Francesco 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMononuclear phagocytes, an integral part of the lymphoreticular infiltrate of many malignant tissues, might contribute to tumor‐associated fibrin deposition through the production of procoagulant activity (PCA). We have studied the PCA of human alveolar macrophages in 28 patients with primary lung cancer and in 9 control subjects. Alveolar macrophages (> 97% esterase positive) were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluids by adherence onto plastic. PCA was evaluated by a one‐stage clotting assay immediately after isolation (basal PCA) and after incubation ( hr at 37°C) in the absence and in the presence of endotoxin. Cells from control subjects had low basal PCA (3.9 ± 1.0 units/5 × 104 cells) but, upon exposure to endotoxin, they displayed a 5‐ to 16‐fold increase in PCA. In patients, different patterns of PCA were observed. In the 8 patients in whom lavage had been carried out on the contralateral side to the neoplasm, alveolar macrophages behaved essentially like those from controls. In contrast, in the 20 patients in whom macrophage populations close to the site of the tumor were examined, PCA was abnormal in many respects. ± 12 of these, alveolar macrophages had basal PCA comparable to or somewhat lower than control cells, but exhibited a poor procoagulant response when incubated in vitro in the presence of endotoxin. Alveolar macrophages from the remaining 8 patients expressed far higher levels of basal PCA than control cells (25.1 ± 5.9 units as compared to 3.9 ± 1.0 units/5 × 104 cells). These cells retained their ability to respond to endotoxin in vitro with a 3‐fold increase in PCA. In all instances, alveolar macrophage PCA had the characteristics of tissue factor. These data suggest that the presence of primary lung cancer may moduate the expression of PCA in alveolar macrophages close to the tumor site. PCA might be useful to better characterize the functional state of macrophages near the tumor.
Morphology of bronchogenic carcinoma in workers formerly exposed to crocidolite at wittenoom gorge in Western Australia
Authors: Baker J. E. , Reutens D. C. , Graham D. F. , Sterrett G. F. , Musk A. W. , Hobbs M. S. T. , Armstrong B. K. , de Klerk N. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytology and histology material from 46 bronchogenic carcinomas occurring in ex‐workers from the Wittenoom crocidolite mine and mill in Western Australia and a matched random sample of 234 other bronchogenic carcinomas occurring in Western Australia over the same period were reviewed by a single histopathologist without knowledge of asbestos exposure status. Squamous‐cell carcinomas formed 45.7% of the cancers in the asbestos‐exposed group but only 32.5% of the cancers in the comparison group. This difference could not be explained by differences in smoking history between the two groups of lung cancer patients or in the type of histopathological material available for review. The excess of squamous‐cell cancers was observed in subjects both with and without parenchymal asbestosis.
Detection of DNA cross‐links in tumor cells with the ethidium bromide fluorescence assay
Authors: de Jong S. , Zijlstra J. G. , Timmer‐Bosscha H. , Mulder N. H. , de Vries E. G. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUntil now the fluorescence assay with ethidium bromide has only been used on pure DNA. This assay depends on the difference in fluorescence between single‐ and double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA). Cross‐links in DNA are measured by the return of fluorescence of dsDNA after heat denaturation at ph 12. Under these conditions denatured DNA gives very low fluorescence. In the present study this assay was applied to tumor cells. The mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cell line (EAT) and a human small‐cell carcinoma line (GLC4) were incubated for 4 hr at 37° C, with the cross‐linking agent cis‐diamino‐dichloro platinum (cDDP). The samples of whole cells were thereafter resuspended in potassium phosphate buffer with 10 mm EDTA, 4m NaCI, 0.1% Sarkosyl ph 7.2, for 16 hr at 37° C. Measurements were performed with a spectrofluorometer with excitation wavelength 525 nm, emission wavelength 580 nm. There was a linear relationship for cDDP concentrations of 0–150 μm and the extent of DNA cross‐links in EAT (r = 0.958). In GLC4 there was a linear relationship at low cDDP concentrations of 0–50 μm (r = 0.968) while between 50 and 150 μm a plateau was reached. RNase added to the lysate of whole cells had no influence on the extent of cross‐links. This assay was compared with the alkaline elution assay, and results were identical.
Altered glycosylation of membrane glycoproteins in human uroepithelial cell lines
Authors: Debray Henri , Qin Zhu , Delannoy Philippe , Montreuil Jean , Duś Danuta , Radzikowski Czeslaw , Christensen Britta , Kieler Jørgen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTotal cellular glycopeptides of 7 human uroepithelial cell lines that differ in the grade of transformation (TGr) were analysed by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on immobilized lectins. The 4 cell lines that are tumorigenic in nude mice and invasive in vitro (TGr III) possess more highly branched, tri‐ and tetraantennary N‐acetyllactosaminic glycans, with less biantennary glycans than the 2 non‐tumorigenic, non‐invasive (TGr II) cell lines examined. The only exception to this general pattern is the third cell line, which is classified as TGr II. The cellular glycopeptide distribution pattern in this cell line is similar to that of the TGr III cells. The possible relationship between altered glycosylation of membrane glycoproteins and the expression of a malignant phenotype is discussed.