bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AMESobreRuedas: early power mobility for increasing participation in children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy type I. Protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Palomo-Carrión Rocío , López-Muñoz Purificación , Longo Egmar , Romay-Barrero Helena , Ródenas-Martínez Maribel , Plasencia-Robledo María , de-Andrés-Beltrán Beatriz , Coello-Villalón María , Díaz-López Cristina , Pacheco-da-Costa Soraya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Young children with spinal muscular atrophy type I have severe mobility and participation limitations, which can lead to delays in learning and cognitive development. Early powered mobility interventions may help young children with mobility limitations to move, play, and participate in their environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether an early power mobility intervention is effective for increasing participation, functional ability, independence, and quality of life of young children diagnosed with SMA type I.
Methods
AMESobreRuedas is a single-blinded randomized waiting list - controlled clinical trial. The sample (24 children − 10 months-5 years old diagnosed with SMA type I) will be randomly allocated into 2 groups. Experimental group will receive a powered mobility structured intervention 3 times a week for 12 weeks, and 4 weeks of follow-up where the child will be free to use the powered mobility device. Control group (waiting list) will continue with their daily routine and will receive the same intervention once experimental group finishes. The intervention will be family-centered and carried out in the natural environment of the children (home, school and community). Five assessments will be performed: at baseline, weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16. The primary outcomes are participation (YC-PEM); functional ability and independence (PEDI-CAT); and quality of life (PedsQL-Neuromuscular module).
Discussion
As far as the authors know, this is the first study on early power mobility for children with SMA type I. Therefore, it will provide valuable information about the impact of this type of intervention on improving participation, functional capacity, and quality of life. Besides, families will be involved in the intervention participating, together with the researchers, in the establishment of functional goals and the implementation of the intervention. Finally, early powered mobility could increase the opportunities for children with SMA type I to learn to move independently and participate in their natural context.
Trial Registration:
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with ID: NCT05589987 on October 18, 2022.
Gut microbiota and risk of ovarian diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Xueying , Zhu Kejing , He Renke , Jiang Zhaoying , Wu Haiyan , Yu Jiaen , Luo Qinyu , Sheng Jianzhong , Pan Jiexue , Huang Hefeng , Lin Zhongliang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background Previous studies have reported an association between gut microbial dysbiosis and ovarian diseases, however, it is not clear whether a causal association exists. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to genetically predict the causal effects of the gut microbiota on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure (POF), ovarian endometriosis, and malignant and benign ovarian neoplasms. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary statistical method. A series of sensitivity analyses, including weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, weighted mode methods, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) and leave-one-out analysis, were also conducted to assess the robustness of the MR analysis results. Reverse MR analysis was implemented to explore whether ovarian diseases have any causal impact on the bacterial genera. Additionally, the Cochran’s Q test was used to evaluate heterogeneity among instrumental variables. Results IVW analysis revealed that several bacteria were associated with decreased risk of PCOS, POF, ovarian endometriosis, and benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm. Moreover, several bacteria were the causes of increased risks for POF, ovarian endometriosis, and benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm, respectively. Reverse MR analysis did not reveal a significant causal effect of these ovarian diseases on the gut microbiota. These findings were robust according to extensive sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Our results provide genetic evidence to support the causal relationship between specific gut microbiota taxa and ovarian diseases; thus, the gut microbiota should be considered a preventative strategy for ovarian diseases.
Subclinical Association of Aortic Stiffness with Cardiac Structure and Function in African- Americans: the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Jha Mawra , Musani Solomon , Mccarthy Inbar , Hundley W. Gregory , Carr J. Jeffrey , Terry James G. , Oshunbade Adebamike , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Butler Javed , Hall Michael , Mitchell Gary F. , Fox Ervin , Tsao Connie W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are high among black adults. We aimed to study the granular subclinical relations of aortic stiffness and left ventricular (LV) function and remodeling in blacks, in whom limited data are available.
Methods
In the Jackson Heart Study, 1,050 U.S. community-dwelling black adults without CVD (mean age 59±10 years, 62% women) underwent 1.5T cardiovascular magnetic resonance. We assessed regional and global aortic stiffness and LV structure and function, including LV mass indexed to body surface area (LVMI), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), ejection fraction (EF), and global and regional circumferential strain (Ecc).
Results
Phase contrast images of the cross-sectional aorta at the pulmonary artery bifurcation and abdominal aorta bifurcation were acquired to measure pulse wave velocity of the aortic arch (AA-PWV) and thoracic aorta (T-PWV). Results of multivariable-adjusted analyses are presented as SD unit change in LV variables per SD change in PWV variables. Higher AA-PWV and T-PWV were associated with greater LVMI: for T-PWV, β=0.10, 95% CI=0.03-0.16, p=0.002. Higher AA-PWV and T-PWV were associated with worse (more positive) Ecc at the LV base (for AA-PWV, β=0.13, 95% CI=0.05-0.20, p=0.0007), but not mid-LV or apex. AA-PWV and T-PWV were not associated with LV mass/LVEDV or EF.
Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study of blacks without CVD in the U.S., aortic stiffness is associated with subclinical adverse LV function in basal segments. Future studies may elucidate the temporal relationships of aortic stiffness on the pattern and progression of LV remodeling, dysfunction, and associated prognosis in blacks.
Topological organization of the brain network in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma through graph theory analysis
Authors: Chen Ri-Bo , Li Xiao-Tong , Huang Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is an irreversible blinding eye disease. Previous neuroimaging studies have reported abnormal brain function changes in PACG patients, but the potential association of PACG with changes in brain functional networks remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the impact of PACG on brain networks, with the goal of enhancing understanding of its neurobiological mechanisms for improved diagnosis and treatment through the application of graph theory analysis.
Method
A cohort comprising 44 PACG patients and 44 healthy controls was recruited for the study. Functional brain networks were constructed based on fMRI data utilizing the Automated Anatomical Labeling 90 template. Subsequently, graph theory analysis was conducted to assess global metrics, nodal metrics, modular organization, and network-based statistics(NBS), facilitating a comparative analysis between PACG patients and the control group.
Result
The global metrics( including small world and network efficiency) did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. However, PACG patients showed increased nodal metrics (including centrality and efficiency) in the left frontal superior medial, right frontal superior medial, and right posterior central brain regions, alongside decreased values in the right temporal superior gyrus region compared with health controls. Moreover, Module 5 demonstrated significant differences in intra-module connectivity, while significant variations in inter-module connectivity were observed between Module 1 and Module 7, as well as Module 1 and Module 8. Notably, the NBS analysis revealed a significantly modified network when comparing the PACG and HC groups.
Conclusion
the study suggests that PACG patients exhibit differences in nodal metrics and modularity of functional brain networks, with changes observed mainly in prefrontal, occipital, and temporal lobes, as well as cerebellar regions. However, global metrics analysis indicates that the global connectivity patterns of the entire brain network remain unchanged in PACG patients. These findings may serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PACG, and interventions targeting brain regions with high degree centrality and nodal efficiency may help to optimize therapeutic strategies.
Nasal Carriage Rate Of Staphylococcus aureus, Associated Factor And Its Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns Among Students Of Collage Of Health And Medical Science WITH Clinical Attachment
Authors: Shume Tadesse , Wolde Wondimagegn , Woldegebreal Fistum , Atele Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus infections, including methicillin-resistant strains, are increasing globally. Medical students are at a higher risk of contracting this pathogen due to their close contact with health facilities during their clinical attachments. Limited studies exist in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia.
Objective: to assess the nasal carriage rate of S. aureus, associated factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns among students of Haramaya University, College of Health and Medicine Sciences students with clinical attachment, Harar Eastern Ethiopia from July 01 to August 30, 2022.
Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 250 study participants using a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected via structured questionnaires. Nasal swabs were cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar and Blood Agar at 37°C for 24 hours. Staphylococcus aureus was identified using catalase and coagulase tests. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was screened using the Cefoxitin disk diffusion method on Muller Hinton agar. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25 software. Chi-square test was used to determine factors associated with the nasal carriage of Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In this study, Staphylococcus aureus prevalence was 8% (95% CI: 4.6%-11.3%) and Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus prevalence was 4.8% (95% CI: 2.1%-7.4%) among 250 participants. Significant factors for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage included nose-picking habit (P=0.001) and dormitory student count (P=0.05). MRSA strains displayed high resistance, with 100% resistance to Ampicillin and Penicillin, 66.7% to Tetracycline, 25% to Erythromycin and Ciprofloxacin, 16% to Co-trimoxazole and Gentamicin. Chloramphenicol and Clyndamycin showed complete susceptibility.
Conclusion: The study reveals significant MRSA prevalence with resistance to common antibiotics. Nasal carriage associates with nose-picking and dormitory size. Enhanced hygiene education and stringent antibiotic stewardship are recommended to mitigate MRSA spread, particularly in communal living environments.
Assessing Anxiety Levels Among Individuals With White Coat Hypertension Using the Beck Anxiety Inventory
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Zohaib , Noor Khushbakht 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of white coat hypertension in comparison to home-based blood pressure (BP) and anxiety levels in patients with white coat hypertensionusing the Beck Anxiety Inventory.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to April 2022 on people visiting OPDs at Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. In-hospital and home blood pressure recording with anxiety inventory completion was performed with a sample size of 213 normotensives using a nonprobability convenience sampling technique. The data were recorded on a structured questionnaire with an anxiety scale and analyzed with IBM SPSS version 26 and MS Excel 2019. The data are presented in the form of tables and charts.
Results: Among 213 respondents aged 14-67 years [164 (77%) male and 49 (23%) female, 22 (10.3%) had a BP above 140/90 in the OPD, called white coat hypertension, and a BPbelow 140/90 at home.
The Beck Anxiety Index (BAI)score was 2 (9.1%) for minimal anxiety, 6 (27.3%) for mild anxiety, 12 (54.5%) for moderate anxiety and 2 (9.1%) for severe anxiety.
Conclusion: WCH has profound value due to its high incidenceand ability to predictprehypertension, CVD,and mTOD. This labile BP in the clinical environment can be falsely interpreted as causing unneeded pharmacological interventions to increase thephysical, mental, and financial agony of patients. Therefore, both medical staff and the public should be widely educated. Home-based BP measurements and ambulatory BPs may be preferred over these methods.
Electronic medical records system user satisfaction and its implications for individual work performance: The case of a university teaching hospital in Rwanda
Authors: UWAMUNGU Evode , Marara Alpha Arsene , Munyaneza Emmanuel , Pinney Joel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Information system user satisfaction has been extensively documented as a key component and a surrogate of success and a determinant of individual and organizational performance. However, most related studies have focused on measuring user satisfaction and its impact through mathematical models, which might not exhaustively capture the issues affecting user satisfaction and performance. This study was conducted at the “Centre Hospitalier Universtaire de Kigali”, one of the two tertiary public and university teaching hospitals in Rwanda. This hospital has been implementing OpenClinic as an electronic medical records system since 2007, and few studies have focused on its evaluation. In addition, no study has focused on understanding the implications of user satisfaction for individuals’ work performance in this hospital. This study was cross-sectional mixed research using an explanatory embedded design. The data were collected from a convenient sample of OpenClinic users through questionnaires, which included closed- and open-ended questions, to capture both quantitative and qualitative data. The OpenClinic user satisfaction was high (91%), as was the proportion of users who perceived it as having a positive impact on their work performance (94%). The relationship between user satisfaction and perceived impact was statistically significant, and satisfied users were 20 times more likely to perceive that the impact was positive than unsatisfied users were. Important concerns were expressed by users, and the main concerns were the poor functionality of the system due to unstable internet, the limited capacity for use and the scarcity of computers. Therefore, the implementation of the electronic medical records system at the hospital has been successful, and user satisfaction has led to a perceived positive impact; however, further improvements are needed for optimal success. The inclusion of a qualitative component in future studies is recommended for a better understanding of IS success.
A simulation study on utilizing in Airbus380 fuel tanks for thrust
and fuel efficiency
Authors: moghtadaei anahita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the potential benefits of using nanofluids within the fuel system of an Airbus A380 to enhance engine thrust and reduce fuel consumption. By analyzing the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers, the study aims to understand the heat transfer and fluid dynamics that could lead to more efficient aircraft operation. The integration of nanotechnology in aviation fuel systems represents a promising frontier for improving aircraft performance. the nanoscale as a fluid whose particles are suspended between 1-100 nanometers and permanently in the particle. Adding nanoscale increases heat transfer. In this research used silicon carbide nanofluid (sic nanofluid) with a percentage of (1,2,3,4%) the base fluid (Jet A1) as well as thermal properties including Nusselt number and thermal conductivity coefficient and... It's been studied.
A simulation study on utilizing in Airbus380 fuel tanks for thrust and fuel efficiency
Authors: moghtadaei anahita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This paper explores the potential benefits of using nanofluids within the fuel system of an Airbus A380 to enhance engine thrust and reduce fuel consumption. By analyzing the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers, the study aims to understand the heat transfer and fluid dynamics that could lead to more efficient aircraft operation. The integration of nanotechnology in aviation fuel systems represents a promising frontier for improving aircraft performance. the nanoscale as a fluid whose particles are suspended between 1-100 nanometers and permanently in the particle. Adding nanoscale increases heat transfer. In this research used silicon carbide nanofluid (sic nanofluid) with a percentage of (1,2,3,4%) the base fluid (Jet A1) as well as thermal properties including Nusselt number and thermal conductivity coefficient and... It's been studied.
Prospective registry of percutaneous coronary interventions: Tyumen Cardiology Center’s experience
Authors: Kuznetsov V. , Bessonov I. , Pushkarev G. , Musikhina N. , Gultyaeva E. , Zyrianov I. , Gorbatenko Ye. , Sapozhnikov S. 
Published: April 2024

Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and to identify the factors impacting long-term prognosis.Methods. The register included 1018 patients who underwent PCI at Tyumen Cardiology Center from October 2012 to November 2013.Results. Hospital cardiovascular mortality rate was 0.8%, while that at 1-year follow-up amounted to 2%. Mortality was associated with age (OR = 1.005; 95% CI 1.003-1.103; p = 0.037), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.86-0.96; p = 0.001), left anterior descending artery lesions (OR = 4.73; 95% CI 1.06-21.04; p = 0.042), success of PCI (OR = 0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.35; p = 0.001), hypodynamia (OR = 5.99; 95% CI 1.78-20.2; p = 0.004) and a low level of social support (OR = 0.41; 95% CI 0.20-0 82; p = 0.012). Main adverse cardio-cerebral events (MACCE) were associated with the history of coronary artery bypass grafting (OR = 0.08; 95% CI 0.01-0.62; p = 0.016), PCI (OR = 1.66; 95 % CI 1.06-2.62; p = 0.028), SYNTAX score (OR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.04-1.09; p <0.001), success of PCI (OR = 0.33; 95% CI 0.13-0.82; p = 0.017).Conclusion. PCI is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of coronary heart disease, which results in low MACCE and mortality rates.
Insulin Analogs and the Mode of Insulin Delivery: Recent Advances and
Challenges
Authors: Bhagi Medha , Kaur Jasmine , Dhar Arti , Bhat Audesh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Diabetes is a medical condition associated with impaired glucose regulation caused
either due to insufficient insulin production or resistance to insulin (Type 2 diabetes, gestational
diabetes) or the absence of insulin through the selective killing of beta cells in the pancreas
(Type 1 diabetes). Irregular insulin production leads to various health complications. To prevent
such complications, patients must adhere to medical recommendations before availing of any
advanced insulin therapy(ies), considered productive for the treatment. Natural insulin, although
highly effective in controlling blood glucose levels, patients are often at risk of developing hypoglycemia
and many other complications. This has led to the development of insulin analogs,
the modified variants of natural insulin having a minimal risk of causing hypoglycemia. Besides
the development of analogs, the mode of insulin delivery is also considered critical in achieving
better glycemic control in diabetic patients. Until recently, various exogenous insulin delivery
methods were practiced, but effective glycemic control without any associated risk and ease of
delivery remains a subject of paramount concern. It countered attenuation or delayed onset of
diabetes-associated complications without a permanent cure, raising an unmet demand for insulin
formulations and delivery methods that offer stability, biocompatibility, reproducibility, precision
dosing, non-immunogenicity, and safety. The current practice utilizes non-physiological
delivery methods with less invasive administration routes, offering glycemic stability and therapeutic
effectiveness. This review focuses on the recent advances made and future perspectives
envisioned about newer insulin therapies and delivery methods that tend to improve the management
of diabetes by inculcating ideas to reduce the disease’s severity and improve the quality
of life.
Clinical Progress of Targeted Therapy for Breast Cancer: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Debnath Abhijit , Mazumder Rupa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The discovery of effective breast cancer therapy is both urgent and daunting, beset by a myriad of challenges
that range from the disease's inherent heterogeneity to its complex molecular underpinnings. Drug resistance,
the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment, and patient-specific variables further complicate this landscape.
The stakes are even higher when dealing with subtypes like triple-negative breast cancer, which eludes targeted
hormonal therapies due to its lack of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Strategies to overcome
such challenges include combinations of drugs and identifying new drug targets. Developing new drugs based
on such targets could be a better solution than relying on costly immunotherapy or combinational therapies. In
this review, we have endeavored to comprehensively examine the proven therapeutic drug targets associated
with breast cancer and elucidate their respective molecular mechanisms and current clinical status. This study
aims to facilitate researchers in conducting a comparative analysis of different targets to select single and multi-
targeted drug discovery approaches for breast cancer.