bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition and in vitro starch digestibility of corn tortillas with added amaranth flour
Authors: Islas‐Hernández José Juan , Rendón‐Villalobos J Rodolfo , Agama‐Acevedo Edith , Tovar Juscelino , Bello‐Pérez Luis A 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground: Corn tortillas containing 20% (w/w) amaranth flour (AF) were kept in cold storage and analysed after various times for chemical composition and in vitro starch digestibility, including predicted glycemic index. Comparison was made with traditional nixtamalised corn flour (NCF) tortillas.Results: Lipid and protein contents were higher in mixed NCF/AF tortilla than in NCF tortilla. Available starch (AS) content was lower in NCF/AF tortilla and decreased during cold storage. However, this decrease was greater in NCF tortilla, suggesting slower starch retrogradation in NCF/AF tortilla. After 96 h of storage, total resistant starch (RS) content was higher in NCF tortilla than in NCF/AF tortilla. However, no differences were detected thereafter, indicating similar retrogradation after long storage times. Retrograded resistant starch contents indicated that only part of the total RS in tortilla is due to retrogradation, which agrees with the tendency recorded for AS and RS in both types of tortilla. α‐Amylolysis rates were similar in NCF/AF and NCF tortillas, decreasing with storage. The predicted glycemic index was always higher in NCF/AF tortilla, a pattern that might be due to the waxy‐type starch present in AF.Conclusion: NCF/AF tortilla might be suitable as a product with higher protein content and higher glycemic index than conventional NCF tortilla. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Boysenberry and blackcurrant drinks increased the plasma antioxidant capacity in an elderly population but had little effect on other markers of oxidative stress
Authors: McGhie Tony K , Walton Michaela C , Barnett Laura E , Vather Rosheila , Martin Harry , Au Joyce , Alspach Peter A , Booth Christine L , Kruger Marlena C 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: The consumption of fruit and vegetables promotes good health by protecting against various degenerative diseases. Even though the constituents responsible are not known, some evidence indicates that the antioxidant properties of fruit and vegetable phytochemicals are responsible. Previous studies have shown that blackcurrant and Boysenberry reduce oxidative stress using in vitro cell systems. The aim of this study was to determine if blackcurrant or Boysenberry drinks could improve measures of oxidative stress and inflammation in an elderly population with below‐average memory abilities. The intervention parallel study was fully blinded with a placebo control.RESULTS: Of the six measures of oxidative stress assessed, only plasma antioxidant capacity significantly increased for both the Boysenberry and blackcurrant treatments compared with the placebo. Plasma malondialdehyde decreased in both the Boysenberry and blackcurrant treatments although the decrease was not statistically significant. Measures of oxidative stress for protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation improved for the berryfruit treatments during the study but were not statistically different from the placebo.CONCLUSION: Long‐term consumption of both the Boysenberry and blackcurrant drinks raised the plasma total antioxidant capacity of the study participants suggesting that Boysenberry and blackcurrant may help protect against oxidative stress‐related health conditions. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and Properties of Novel Hydrogels from Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan Cross‐Linked Chitosan for in vitro Drug Delivery
Authors: Yu Huiqun , Lu Jun , Xiao Chaobo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper, a novel composite hydrogel was prepared by the use of dialdehyde konjac glucomannan (DAK) as macromolecular cross‐linking agent for chitosan (CS). This biocompatible material cross‐links and gels in minutes. The structure and morphology were characterized by various analyses. The results indicate that the hydrogels formed through the Schiff‐base reaction between the amino groups of CS chains and the aldehyde groups of DAK. The cross‐link density (ρx) increases with the enhancement of DAK content in hydrogels, while equilibrium swelling ratio (SR) and the average molecular weight between cross‐links ($\overline M _{\rm c}$) value decrease. Drug release was evaluated by varying the pH of the release medium, reversed dependence of release rate on the equilibrium SR of hydrogel indicated that drug release may be impeded by the association of drug with the polymer. Importantly, this process offers an entirely new window of materials preparation when compared with the traditional preparation of CS‐based hydrogels with small molecules cross‐linking agent.magnified image
Synthesis of Degradable Functional Poly(ethylene glycol) Analogs as Versatile Drug Delivery Carriers
Authors: Wang Na , Dong Anjie , Tang Huadong , Van Kirk Edward A. , Johnson Patrick A. , Murdoch William J. , Radosz Maciej , Shen Youqing 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPoly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is widely used as a water soluble carrier for polymer‐drug conjugates. Herein, we report degradable linear PEG analogs (DPEGs) carrying multifunctional groups. The DPEGs were synthesized by a Michael addition based condensation polymerization of dithiols and PEG diacrylates (PEGDA) or dimethacrylates (PEGDMA). They were stable at pH 7.4 but quickly degraded at pH 6.0 and 5.0. Thus, DPEGs could be used as drug carriers without concern for their retention in the body. DPEGs could be made to carry such functional groups as terminal thiol or (meth)acrylate and pendant hydroxyl groups. The functional groups were used for conjugation of drugs and targeting groups. This new type of PEG analog will be useful for drug delivery and the PEGylation of biomolecules and colloidal particles.magnified image
“This is who i am”: Identity expressiveness and the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Thorbjørnsen Helge , Pedersen Per E. , Nysveen Herbjørn 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper explores the role of self‐identity expressiveness and social identity expressiveness in the context of Multimedia Messaging (MMS) adoption. An extended version of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) including a wider array of identity and social influences is developed and tested. As hypothesized, self‐identity expressiveness and social identity expressiveness prove to be significant determinants of intentions to use. Moreover, the extended TPB model explains 62% of the variance in usage intentions. The paper also investigates the relationship between self identity expressiveness and attitude and between social identity expressiveness and subjective norm. The study results indicate that the concept of subjective norm alone is insufficient to capture the rich universe of identity and social influences driving behavioral intentions. Implications for marketing managers and scholars are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Facet metatheoretical approach to advance consumer behavior knowledge
Authors: Hornik Jacob , Cohen Erik H. , Amar Reuven 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitate theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies. Facet Theory is appropriate to marketing theories and particularly consumer behavior. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain facilitates the rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a research study. Examples are shown from various areas to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis using Facet Theory data analysis techniques such as Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Discrimination Coefficient (DISCO), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The use of Facet Theory and conceptual tools like the “mapping sentence” and “universe of content,” is shown to provide new insights into existing consumer data. It allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of consumers' behavioral traits and makes the generalization and replication of findings easier. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An exploratory study of gambling motivations and their impact on the purchase frequencies of various gambling products
Authors: Lam Desmond 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe global gambling industry is huge and gambling has become a leading leisure activity in many countries. Although research on gambling is extensive, many gaps remain. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine how motivations for regular gambling varied by the forms of game played. Using data collected by the U.S. National Gambling Impact Study Commission, the study found that regular gamblers were motivated to gamble to win and to fulfill their sense of excitement/challenge for some gambling products like lottery, racetrack betting, and casinos. For others, such as bingo and card room games, they were motivated to gamble more for social reasons. The findings have important implications to marketers and public policy makers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Uncharged Water‐Soluble Metal‐Bis‐Porphyrins Like Molecular Tweezers for Amino Acids
Authors: Scamporrino Emilio , Mineo Placido , Dattilo Sandro , Vitalini Daniele , Spina Emanuela 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSome new water‐soluble bis‐porphyrins, constituted of two porphyrin units spaced by means of aliphatic bridges of different lengths, were synthesized and characterized by MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry, 1H NMR and UV‐vis spectroscopy. The hydrosolubility of these uncharged compounds was guaranteed from the presence of six long PEG chains bound on the peripheral positions of the two porphyrins. Cobalt and zinc derivatives were also prepared. In the case of Co‐bis‐porphyrin, the appearance of induced circular dichroism (ICD) signals in water solution confirmed the formation of stable complexes with some amino acids, in which the bis‐porphyrin behaves like molecular tweezers.magnified image
Symmetries of first‐order stochastic ordinary differential equations revisited
Authors: Fredericks E. , Mahomed F. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSymmetries of stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODEs) are analysed. This work focuses on maintaining the properties of the Weiner processes after the application of infinitesimal transformations. The determining equations (DEs) for first‐order SODEs are derived in an Itô calculus context. These DEs are non‐stochastic. This article reconciles earlier works in this area. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New furostanol saponins from Allium ascalonicum L.
Authors: Kang Li‐Ping , Liu Zhi‐Jun , Zhang Lei , Tan Da‐Wei , Zhao Yang , Zhao Yu , Chen He‐Bing , Ma Bai‐Ping 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn analysis of the polar extracts from Allium ascalonicum L. led to the isolation of two new furostanol saponins (compound 1 and 2) and two known furostanol saponins (compound 3 and 4). On the basis of 1D and 2D NMR (including 1H, 13C NMR, 1H1H COSY, HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, and NOESY), FAB‐MS spectrometry, and chemical methods, their structures were elucidated as (25R)‐26‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐22‐hydroxy‐5α‐furost‐2‐one‐3β, 5, 6β, 26‐tetraol‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (ascalonicoside C, 1), (25R)‐26‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐22‐methoxy‐5α‐furost‐2‐one‐3β, 5, 6β, 26‐tetraol‐ 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (ascalonicoside D, 2), (25R)‐26‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐22‐hydroxy‐5‐ene‐furostan‐3β, 26‐diol‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (dichotomin, 3), and (25R)‐26‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐22‐hydroxy‐5‐ene‐furostan‐3β, 26‐diol‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐[α‐L‐arabinofuranosyl‐(1→4)]‐β‐D‐ glucopyranoside (parisaponin I, 4). Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereochemical study of iminodihydrofurans based on experimental measurements and SOPPA calculations of13C13C spin–spin coupling constants
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. , Khutsishvili Spartak S. , Shemyakina Olesya A. , Mal'kina Anastasiya G. , Trofimov Boris A. , Contreras Rubén H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractConfigurational assignment and conformational analysis of a series of iminodihydrofurans obtained from cyanoacetylenic alcohols were performed on the basis of experimental measurements and high‐levelab initiocalculations of their13C13C spin–spin coupling constants. The title compounds were shown to form and exist in solution as the individualZisomers, adopting the orthogonal orientation of the amino, alkylamino and dialkylamino groups and thes‐transorientation of the CONH2group at the C4position of the 2,5‐dihydro‐2‐iminofuran moiety. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of two new trans‐clerodane diterpenoids from Otostegia limbata
Authors: Farooq Umar , Khan Afsar , Ahmad Viqar Uddin , Azhar‐Ul‐Haq  , Khan Saleha Suleman , Farooq Robina , Pervez Arshid , Shah Mohammad Mahroof 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTwo new tricyclic trans‐clerodane diterpenoids trivially named as ballotenic acid A (1) and ballodiolic acid A (2) have been isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of Otostegia limbata. The structure assignments are based on 1H and 13C NMR spectra, 2D NMR (HMQC, HMBC, COSY, NOESY and NOE) techniques and comparison with the literature data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust design using Bayesian Monte Carlo
Authors: Kumar Apurva , Nair Prasanth B. , Keane Andy J. , Shahpar Shahrokh 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an efficient strategy for robust design based on Bayesian Monte Carlo simulation. Robust design is formulated as a multiobjective problem to allow explicit trade‐off between the mean performance and variability. The proposed method is applied to a compressor blade design in the presence of manufacturing uncertainty. Process capability data are utilized in conjunction with a parametric geometry model for manufacturing uncertainty quantification. High‐fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to evaluate the aerodynamic performance of the compressor blade. A probabilistic analysis for estimating the effect of manufacturing variations on the aerodynamic performance of the blade is performed and a case for the application of robust design is established. The proposed approach is applied to robust design of compressor blades and a selected design from the final Pareto set is compared with an optimal design obtained by minimizing the nominal performance. The selected robust blade has substantial improvement in robustness against manufacturing variations in comparison with the deterministic optimal blade. Significant savings in computational effort using the proposed method are also illustrated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fixed‐grid bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization method and its applications in tunnelling engineering
Authors: Liu Yi , Jin Feng , Li Qing , Zhou Shiwei 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTopology optimization has exhibited an exceptional capability of improving structural design. However, several typical topology optimization algorithms are finite element (FE) based, where mesh‐dependent zigzag representation of boundaries is barely avoidable in both intermediate and final results. To tackle the problem, this paper proposes a new fixed‐grid‐based bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization method, namely FG BESO. The adoption of an FG FE framework enables a continuous boundary change in the course of topology optimization, which provides a means of dealing with not only the non‐smooth boundary of the final design but also the interpretation of intermediate densities. As a class of important practical application, it is interesting to make use of the new FG BESO method to the reinforcement design for underground tunnels. To accommodate the FG BESO technique to geological engineering applications, a nodal sensitivity is derived for a two‐phase material model comprising the artificial reinforcement and original rock. In this paper, some innovative topological designs of tunnel reinforcements are presented for minimizing the floor and sidewall heaves under different geological loading conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA profiling of primary serous ovarian and Fallopian tube carcinomas with array comparative genomic hybridization and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification
Authors: Nowee ME , Snijders AM , Rockx DAP , de Wit RM , Kosma VM , Hämäläinen K , Schouten JP , Verheijen RHM , van Diest PJ , Albertson DG , Dorsman JC 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPrimary serous ovarian carcinoma (OVCA) and serous Fallopian tube carcinoma (FTC), both belonging to the BRCA‐linked tumour spectrum, share many properties and are treated similarly. However, a detailed molecular comparison has been lacking. We hypothesized that comparative genomic studies of serous OVCAs and FTCs should point to gene regions critically involved in their tumorigenesis. Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) analysis indicated that serous OVCAs and serous FTCs displayed common but also more distinctive patterns of recurrent changes. Targeted gene identification using a dedicated multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) probe set directly identified EIF2C2 on 8q as a potentially important driver gene. Other previously unappreciated gained/amplified genes included PSMB4 on 1q, MTSS1 on 8q, TEAD4 and TSPAN9 on 12p, and BCAS4 on 20q. SPINT2 and ACTN4 on 19q were predominantly found in FTCs. Gains/amplifications of CCNE1 and MYC, often in conjunction with changes in genes of the AKT pathway, EVI1 and PTK2, seemed to be involved at earlier stages, whereas changes of ERBB2 were associated with advanced stages. The only BRCA1‐mutated FTC shared common denominators with the sporadic tumours. In conclusion, the data suggest that serous OVCAs and FTCs, although related, exhibit differences in genomic profiles. In addition to known pathways, new genes/pathways are likely to be involved, with changes in an miRNA‐associated gene, EIF2C2, as one important new feature. Dedicated MLPA sets constitute potentially important tools for differential diagnosis and may provide footholds for tailored therapy. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inclusion of menadione with cyclodextrins studied by calorimetry and spectroscopic methods
Authors: Zielenkiewicz Wojciech , Terekhova Irina V. , Koźbiał Małgorzata , Poznanski Jaroslaw , Kumeev Roman S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractComplex formation of menadione with α‐, hydroxypropyl α‐, β‐, hydroxypropyl‐β‐, methyl‐β‐ and hydroxypropyl‐γ cyclodextrins in aqueous solution at 298.15 K was studied by using isothermal titration calorimetry, 1H NMR, and UV–vis spectrophotometry. The experimental data indicated the partial insertion of menadione into macrocyclic cavity upon formation of two alternative types of 1:1 inclusion complexes, whose thermodynamic parameters (K, ΔcG0, ΔcH0, and ΔcS0) were calculated. The influence of host size on the complex formation process was analyzed. β‐Cyclodextrin and its hydroxypropylated and methylated derivatives were found more effective binders towards menadione than α‐ and γ‐cyclodextrins. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the mechanism of the N,N‐dimethyl amination of Grignard reagents: a kinetic study
Authors: Erdik Ender , Ateş Ülhü Selma 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA direct kinetic study is reported for the electrophilic amination of substituted phenylmagnesium bromides with N,N‐dimethyl O‐(mesitylenesulfonyl)hydroxylamine in THF. Rate data, Hammett relationship, and activation entropy are consistent with a SN2 displacement involving the attack of carbanions to sp3N in the amination reagent (AR). Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Third‐generation amphiphilic conetworks. III. Permeabilities and mechanical properties
Authors: Kang Jungmee , Erdodi Gabor , Kennedy Joseph P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWhile two of our earlier papers on poly(dimethyl acryl amide)/polymethylhydrosiloxane/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMAAm/PMHS/PDMS) amphiphilic conetworks concerned synthesis and biological properties, respectively, the present contribution focuses on oxygen and insulin permeabilities, and select mechanical properties. We show that by increasing the PDMAAm content from 20 to 60% (i.e., by decreasing the hydrophobic content from 80 to 40%), oxygen permeabilities decrease from ∼240 to ∼130 barrers. Evidently, oxygen permeability is a function of the sum of the oxyphilic components, PDMS + PMHS, in the conetworks. In contrast, insulin permeability is a function of the hydrophilic component, and reaches a desirable 1.5 × 10−7 cm2/s at 61% PDMAAm. We also studied the permeabilities of glucose, dextran, and albumin through a PDMAAm61/PMHS6/PDMS33 membrane and found, unsurprisingly, that the permeability of these molecules follows their hydrodynamic radii, and we project that the permeability of IgG is infinitesimally low. Tensile strengths and ultimate elongations of water‐swollen membranes are also a function of conetwork composition: by increasing the PDMAAm content from 30 to 60%, strengths decrease from 1.6 to 1.2 MPa, and elongations from ∼60 to ∼40%. Overall, the permeabilities and the mechanical properties of these membranes are appropriate for implantation and, specifically, for immunoisolation of living tissue. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4276–4283, 2007
Polycyclotrimerization of aromatic diynes: Synthesis, thermal stability, and light‐emitting properties of hyperbranched polyarylenes
Authors: Häußler Matthias , Liu Jianzhao , Lam Jacky Wing Yip , Qin Anjun , Zheng Ronghua , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2007

AbstractNew aromatic diyne monomers of 1,4‐diethynyl‐2,5‐(dihexyloxy)benzene (1), 1,6‐diethynyl‐2‐(hexyloxy)naphthalene (2), and 9,9‐bis(4‐ethynylphenyl)fluorene (3) are synthesized. Their homopolymerizations and copolymerizations with 1‐octyne (4) or phenylacetylene (5) are effected by TaBr5–Ph4Sn and CpCo(CO)2–hν, giving soluble hyperbranched polyarylenes with high molecular weights (Mw up to ∼ 2.9 × 105) in high yields (up to 99%). The structures and properties of the polymers are characterized and evaluated by IR, NMR, UV, PL, and TGA analysis. The polymers show excellent thermal stability (Td > 400 °C) and carbonize when pyrolyzed at 900 °C. Upon photoexcitation, the polymers emit deep blue light in the vicinity of ∼400 nm with fluorescence quantum yields up to 92%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4249–4263, 2007