bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the mental health and psychosocial well-being of Ukrainian pediatric trauma and burn patients and their caregivers amidst the war: insights from a surgical medical mission in Poland
Authors: Bean Christopher , Yevchenko Natalia , Yakovleva Olga , Dabek Robert J , Fuzaylov Gennadiy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On a recent surgical medical mission caring for Ukrainian pediatric burn and trauma patients in Poland, an assessment of the mental health and well-being of children and their caregivers was completed. Children living in war zones frequently experience significant distress and mental health problems, but little is known about the impact of coexisting related or unrelated burn injuries or physical disabilities. Nineteen Ukrainian children and their caregivers were interviewed utilizing validated questionnaires Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self-Report (YSR) to assess their risk for developing or for the presence of clinically significant mental health problems. We found a high percentage of children at risk for developing mental health disorders and an unexpectedly high number of children meeting the criteria for mental health disorders. As a result of interviewing the caregivers, agreement was seen between the self-assessment in children and the perception of parents about their children’s well-being. Further study is needed to better understand the complex interactions between pre-existing burn and traumatic injuries and their impact on the psychosocial well-being of children living in war-torn environments.
High prevalence of former elite ice hockey players requiring early hip arthroplasty surgery
Authors: Abrahamson Josefin , Lindman Ida , Jónasson Pall , Tegner Yelverton 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The high-impact nature of ice hockey puts the players at a higher risk of developing early hip osteoarthritis (OA). This study aims to evaluate the presence of cam morphology, early radiological findings of OA and total hip arthroplasty (THA) in former Swedish elite ice hockey players. Male elite ice hockey players in the highest league in Sweden seeking orthopedic consultation for hip and groin pain with restricted hip joint range of motion and subsequent radiographs (Antero/posterior view, Lauenstein view and/or Hip frontal view) were included. The radiographs were performed between 1988 and 2009 and retrospectively examined for the presence of cam morphology (evaluated by α-angle ≥ 60°) and hip OA (evaluated by Tönnis classification). All players were contacted between 11 and 33 years after baseline radiograph examination for follow-up investigation of the presence of subsequent THA. A total of 44 male ice hockey players were included, of which 31 had available radiographs and 39 answered the follow-up questions. Cam morphology (α-angle ≥60°) was present in 81% of the players. Seven players (18%) had received a THA with a mean age of 55.7 (SD 6.1) years at time of THA-surgery. Tönnis score at baseline radiographs were associated with THA later in life (P &lt; 0.001). This study conclude that former elite Swedish ice hockey players underwent THA at a younger age than the general population. Despite confirming previous research of high prevalence of cam morphology in elite ice hockey players, no association could be established between cam morphology and the need for THA.
A data-driven estimation of the ribosome drop-off rate in S. cerevisiae reveals a correlation with the genes length
Authors: Awad Sherine , Valleriani Angelo , Chiarugi Davide 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ribosomes are the molecular machinery that catalyse all the fundamental steps involved in the translation of mRNAs into proteins. Given the complexity of this process, the efficiency of protein synthesis depends on a large number of factors among which ribosome drop-off (i.e. the premature detachment of the ribosome from the mRNA template) plays an important role. However, an in vitro quantification of the extent to which ribosome drop-off occurs is not trivial due to difficulties in obtaining the needed experimental evidence. In this work we focus on the study of ribosome drop-off in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by using ‘Ribofilio‘, a novel software tool that relies on a high sensitive strategy to estimate the ribosome drop-off rate from ribosome profiling data. Our results show that ribosome drop-off events occur at a significant rate also when S. cerevisiae is cultured in standard conditions. In this context, we also identified a correlation between the ribosome drop-off rate and the genes length: the longer the gene, the lower the drop-off rate.
Swaminarayan
Authors: Chag Avni , Mamtora Bhakti 
Published: April 2024

Swaminarayan (International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST: Svāminārāyaṇa, b. 1781–d. 1830), or Sahajānand Svāmī, was the founder and is the principal deity of the eponymous tradition, the Swaminarayan Sampradaya. Born in 1781 in Chhapaiya, a village near Ayodhya, northern India, Swaminarayan lived a short life of forty-nine years. As a child, he was known as Ghanaśyam until he left home at the age of eleven to undertake a journey across the subcontinent as the child-yogi Nilakaṇṭh. Eventually settling in western India, he accepted initiation from Rāmānand Swami (b. 1738–d. 1801) (not to be confused with Rāmānanda of the well-known Rāmānandi Sampradaya) under the name Sahajānand Svāmī. Soon after, Rāmānand Swami bestowed leadership of his sampradāya onto this young and newly initiated ascetic, before passing away. As early as the turn of the 19th century, his followers had begun writing about Swaminarayan as the manifestation of God. They understood him as Parabrahman, their chosen (iṣṭa) deity and paid their reverence to him as Bhagavān Swaminarayan. The tradition saw rapid growth under his leadership across the western Indian regions of Gujarat, Kathiawar, and Kutch, with much of the final decade of his life engaged in activities aiding the tradition’s formal institutionalization, with the establishment of temples, scriptures, and administrative and spiritual leadership. Swaminarayan’s following is estimated to have been 1.8 million by the time of his death. Today the Swaminarayan tradition is one of the largest and most visible expressions of Hinduism across the world, representing a distinct and dynamic form of Hinduism in India and in the Indian diaspora. The last decade has witnessed considerable interest in the tradition, with literature produced under a wide range of topics and disciplinary lenses, and with a particular focus on the BAPS (Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Sanstha) denomination. This article provides an introduction to the literature on Swaminarayan and his eponymous tradition, comprising primary sources written by Swaminarayan and his disciples, translations, and studies of these works, and various secondary studies of the tradition written in English, French, German, and Gujarati. One hopes that this bibliography will spark interest in the developing, nascent field of what might be called “Swaminarayan Studies,” a field dedicated to scholarship on this dynamic form of Hinduism, with important contributions to various discourses and frameworks, from colonial history, media, art, and architecture to digital religion, philosophy, modern religion, globalization, and more.
Mapping Proximity to Infectious Disease Physicians Across the United States
Authors: Maamari Julian , Chen Zhuo , Motairek Issam , Al-Kindi Sadeer , Fleisher Jorge 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Enduring shortages of infectious disease physicians across the United States continue despite efforts to mitigate the problem. The recent fellowship match results underscore the difficulty in rectifying that shortage. Our report sheds light on the current geographic distribution of US infectious disease physicians and highlights the challenges faced by rural communities.
Counting the Cost of Daptomycin Versus Vancomycin in Hospitalized Patients: A Cost Minimization Analysis
Authors: Wagner Jamie L , Jones Bruce M , Stover Kayla R , Cleary John D , Bland Christopher M , Schipper Katie E , Chastain Daniel B , Barber Katie E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Daptomycin use for gram-positive infections has increased. This cost minimization analysis aimed to determine cost and/or time savings of daptomycin over vancomycin. The estimated hospital cost savings was US$166.41 per patient, and pharmacist time saved of almost 20 minutes per patient. Daptomycin has the potential to save both time and money.
Casimir Energy through Transfer Operators for Sine-Gordon Backgrounds
Authors: Santamaría-Sanz Lucía 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The quantum vacuum interaction energy between a pair of semitransparent two-dimensional plates represented by Dirac delta potentials and its first derivative, embedded in the topological background of a sine-Gordon kink, is studied through an extension of the TGTG-formula (developped by O. Kenneth and I. Klich in the scattering approach). Quantum vacuum oscillations around the sine-Gordon kink solutions are interpreted as a quantum scalar field theory in the spacetime of a domain wall. Moreover, the relation between the phase shift and the density of states (the well-known Dashen–Hasslacher–Neveu or DHN formula) is also exploited to characterize the quantum vacuum energy.
A domain-oriented approach to characterizing movement-evoked pain
Authors: Crow Joshua A. , Joseph Verlin , Miao Guanhong , Goodin Burel R. , Sibille Kimberly T. , Cardoso Josue , Bartley Emily J. , Staud Roland , Fillingim Roger B. , Booker Staja Q. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Movement-evoked pain (MEP) impacts a substantial proportion of US adults living with chronic pain. Evidence suggests that MEP is influenced by numerous biopsychosocial factors and mediated by mechanisms differing from those of spontaneous pain. However, both characteristic and mechanistic knowledge of MEP remain limited, hindering effective diagnosis and treatment.

Objectives:
We asked (1) can chronic pain, functional, psychosocial, and behavioral measures be grouped into descriptive domains that characterize MEP? and (2) what relationships exist between biopsychosocial factors across multiple domains of MEP?

Methods:
We formed 6 characteristic domains from 46 MEP-related variables in a secondary analysis of data from 178 individuals (aged 45–85 years) with knee pain. Ratings of pain during 3 functional activities (ie, Balance, Walking, Chair Stand) were used as primary MEP variables. Pearson correlations were calculated to show linear relationships between all individual domain variables. Relationships between variables were further investigated through weighted correlation network analysis.

Results:
We observed a unique combination of pain characteristics associated with MEP apart from general pain. Notably, minutes doing physical activity were inversely associated with multiple variables within 4 of the 6 domains. Weighted correlation network analysis largely supported our classification of MEP domains. Additional interdomain relationships were observed, with the strongest existing between MEP, Mechanical Pain, and Multiple Pain Characteristics and Symptoms. Additional relationships were observed both within and between other domains of the network.

Conclusion:
Our analyses bolster fundamental understanding of MEP by identifying relevant mechanistic domains and elucidating biopsychosocial and interdomain relationships.
Phytochemical Screening, Investigation of the toxic and hepatoprotective effect of leaves ofPrunus africana-using mice model
Authors: Dabe Nikodimos Eshetu , Kefale Adane Teshome , Addo Habtamu Acho , Dido Teshale Worku , Kedir Muktar Sano , Afework Hana Tadesse , Kebede Molla Asnake 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeLiver disease is a growing public health problem both in developing and developed countries. Allopathic medicines available for liver disease are not accessible and affordable for 3rdworld countries, like Ethiopia. There is a need to search for alternative therapy, in which herbals are widely used in traditional medicine and promising for the development of effective and less costly treatment. As a result, this study aimed to screen phytochemicals and investigate the toxic and hepatoprotective effects ofPrunus africanawhich is traditionally used in Benchi sheko and Sheka Zones, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsMethanolic extracts ofPrunus africana, were used to evaluate the toxicity and hepatoprotective activity in both male and female swiss Albino Mice. Liver injury was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The toxicity and hepatoprotective activity were examined biochemically, histologically, and through the analysis of the general features of the study animals. The phytochemical composition was screened qualitatively using standard chemical tests for secondary metabolites. The results were expressed as Mean ± SD, and differences at P < 0.05 were considered significant. Differences between the experimental and control groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s T-test to determine their level of significance.ResultsThe extract ofPrunus africanarevealed positive for the presence of flavonoids and Saponins but negative for Anthraquinone glycoside. The current study showed that the median oral lethal dose of the plant was greater than 5000mg/kg. The general behavior of the animal and organ weight, gross morphology, and the biochemical and histological parameters confirmed that the Methanolic leaves extract of this plant is safe during the sub-acute toxicity tests with a dose of 600 and 1800mg/kg. Methanolic extract before and after the CCl4 administration caused a significant reduction in the values of Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, Alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin (P<0.05) almost comparable to the standard drug Silymarine. The hepatoprotective activity was supported by histopathological examination of the liver tissue of control and treated animals.ConclusionThe methanolic extract ofPrunus africanaat the test doses did not show significant toxicity. The results of this study also demonstrate that the extract was effective for the prevention of CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Mice. This study thus justifies that, the use ofPrunus africanain the treatment of liver diseases and points out that this plant warrants further detailed investigation as a promising hepatoprotective agent.
Extension of individual model averaging assessments to unbalanced designs and dose-response
Authors: Chasseloup E. , Li X. , Karlsson M. O. 
Published: April 2024

1AbstractRecent investigations assessed two non-linear mixed effect (NLME) model based approaches to test for drug effect on real data in the context of balanced two-arms designs. The standard approach (STD) showed type I error inflation and biased drug effect estimates contrary to the proposed alternative, individual model averaging (IMA), which had controlled type I error and unbiased drug effect estimates. The current study is an extension of the performances assessment of these two approaches to unbalanced designs and dose-response studies. The type I error rate and drug effect estimates were assessed for unbalanced designs, using placebo Alzheimer disease assessment scale cognitive (ADAS-cog) scores from 800 individuals. The bias in the drug effect estimates was assessed for dose response scenarios, on data modified by the addition of various dose-response scenarios (Emax= 2.5, 5, and 10). The generalization of IMA to any randomization ratio of two-arms studies was also presented, together with an alternative parameterization of IMA: saturated IMA (sIMA). Similarly to what was observed in balanced designs, both IMA and sIMA had controlled type I errors and unbiased drug effect estimates in unbalanced designs, whereas STD had uncontrolled type I error and biased drug estimates. For the dose-response studies STD had a systematic bias towards the underestimation of the drug effect estimates. IMA and sIMA were unbiased in the scenarios with high maximum effect but their performances were hindered at the lowest maximum drug effect scenario, because of the closeness in magnitude between the drug effect addition and the placebo model misspecification.
Single molecule array measures of LRRK2 kinase activity in serum link Parkinson’s disease severity to peripheral inflammation
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Li Huizhong , Sreeram Kashyap , Malankhanova Tuyana , Boddu Ravindra , Strader Samuel , Chang Allison , Bryant Nicole , Yacoubian Talene A. , Standaert David G. , Erb Madalynn , Moore Darren J. , Sanders Laurie H. , Lutz Michael W. , Velmeshev Dmitry , West Andrew B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLRRK2-targeting therapeutics that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity have advanced to clinical trials in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD). LRRK2 phosphorylates Rab10 on endolysosomes in phagocytic cells to promote some types of immunological responses. The identification of factors that regulate LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD, and whether phosphorylated-Rab10 levels change in different disease states, or with disease progression, may provide insights into the role of Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD and help guide therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.MethodsCapitalizing on past work demonstrating LRRK2 and phosphorylated-Rab10 interact on vesicles that can shed into biofluids, we developed and validated a high-throughput single-molecule array assay to measure extracellular pT73-Rab10. Ratios of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 measured in biobanked serum samples were compared between informative groups of transgenic mice, rats, and a deeply phenotyped cohort of iPD cases and controls. Multivariable and weighted correlation network analyses were used to identify genetic, transcriptomic, clinical, and demographic variables that predict the extracellular pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratio.ResultspT73-Rab10 is absent in serum fromLrrk2knockout mice but elevated byLRRK2andVPS35mutations, as well asSNCAexpression. Bone-marrow transplantation experiments in mice show that serum pT73-Rab10 levels derive primarily from circulating immune cells. The extracellular ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is dynamic, increasing with inflammation and rapidly decreasing with LRRK2 kinase inhibition. The ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 is elevated in iPD patients with greater motor dysfunction, irrespective of disease duration, age, sex, or the usage of PD-related or anti-inflammatory medications. pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 ratios are associated with neutrophil activation, antigenic responses, and the suppression of platelet activation.ConclusionsThe extracellular ratio of pT73-Rab10 to total Rab10 in serum is a novel pharmacodynamic biomarker for LRRK2-linked innate immune activation associated with disease severity in iPD. We propose that those iPD patients with higher serum pT73-Rab10 levels may benefit from LRRK2-targeting therapeutics to mitigate associated deleterious immunological responses.
Identification ofPappaandSall3as Gli3 direct target genes acting downstream of cilia signalling in corticogenesis
Authors: Basu Shinjini , Mautner Lena , Whiting Kae , Hasenpusch-Theil Kerstin , Borkowska Malgorzata , Theil Thomas 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe cerebral cortex is critical for advanced cognitive functions and relies on a vast network of neurons to carry out its highly intricate neural tasks. Generating cortical neurons in accurate numbers hinges on cell signalling orchestrated by primary cilia to coordinate the proliferation and differentiation of cortical stem cells. While recent research has shed light on multiple ciliary roles in corticogenesis, specific mechanisms downstream of cilia signalling remain largely unexplored. We previously showed that an excess of early-born cortical neurons in mice mutant for the ciliary geneInpp5ewas rescued by re-introducing Gli3 repressor. By comparing expression profiles betweenInpp5eandGli3mutants, we here identified novel Gli3 target genes. This approach highlighted the transcription factor geneSall3andPappalysin1(Pappa), a metalloproteinase involved in IGF signalling, as up-regulated genes. Further examination revealed that Gli3 directly binds toSall3andPappaenhancers and suppresses their activity in the dorsal telencephalon. Collectively, our analyses provide important mechanistic insights into how primary cilia govern the behaviour of neural stem cells, ultimately ensuring the production of adequate numbers of neurons during corticogenesis.SUMMARY STATEMENTThis study reports how cilia control gene expression via Gli3 in the developing murine cerebral cortex.
Evaluating the epizootic and zoonotic threat of an H7N9 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) variant associated with enhanced pathogenicity in turkeys
Authors: James Joe , Thomas Saumya S. , Seekings Amanda H. , Mahmood Sahar , Kelly Michael , Banyard Ashley C. , Núñez Alejandro , Brookes Sharon M. , Slomka Marek J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBetween 2013-2017, A/Anhui/1/13-lineage (H7N9) low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) was epizootic in chickens in China causing mild disease, with 616 fatal human cases. Despite poultry vaccination, H7N9 has not been eradicated. Previously we demonstrated increased pathogenesis in turkeys infected with H7N9, correlating with the emergence of the L217Q (L226Q H3 numbering) polymorphism in the haemagglutinin (HA) protein. A Q217 containing virus also arose and is now dominant in China following vaccination. We compared infection and transmission of this Q217 containing ‘turkey-adapted’ (ty-ad) isolate alongside the H7N9 (L217)wild-type(wt)virus in different poultry species, and investigated the zoonotic potential in the ferret model. Bothwtand ty-ad viruses demonstrated similar shedding and transmission in turkeys and chickens. However, the ty-ad virus was significantly more pathogenic than thewtvirus in turkeys but not in chickens, causing 100% and 33% mortality in turkeys respectively. Expanded tissue tropism was seen for the ty-ad virus in turkeys but not chickens, yet the viral cell receptor distribution was broadly similar in visceral organs of both species. The ty-ad virus required exogenous trypsin forin vitroreplication yet had increased replication in primary avian cells. Replication was comparable in mammalian cells and the ty-ad virus replicated successfully in ferrets. The L217Q polymorphism also affected antigenicity. Therefore, H7N9 infection in turkeys can generate novel variants with increased risk through altered pathogenicity and potential HA antigenic escape. These findings emphasise the requirement for enhanced surveillance and understanding of A/Anhui/1/13-lineage viruses and their risk to different species.