bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expansion and characterization of ventral mesencephalic precursor cells: Effect of mitogens and investigation of FA1 as a potential dopaminergic marker
Authors: Jensen Pia , Bauer Matthias , Jensen Charlotte H. , Widmer Hans R. , Gramsbergen Jan B. , Blaabjerg Morten , Zimmer Jens , Meyer Morten 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMethods for identification and in vitro expansion of ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic precursor cells are of interest in the search for transplantable neurons for cell therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the potential use of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) for expansion of such dopaminergic precursor cells, and fetal antigen‐1 (FA1), a secreted neuronal protein of unknown function, as a non‐invasive dopaminergic marker. Tissue from embryonic day (ED) 12 rat ventral mesencephalon was dissociated mechanically and cultured for 4 days in the presence of FGF2, FGF8, or without mitogens (control). After mitogen withdrawal and addition of 0.5% bovine serum, cells were differentiated for 6 days. Before differentiation, significantly more cells incorporated BrdU in cultures exposed to FGF2 (19‐fold; P < 0.001) and FGF8 (3‐fold; P < 0.05) compared to controls. After differentiation, biochemical analyses showed significantly more dopamine and FA1 in conditioned medium from both FGF2 and FGF8 expanded cultures than in controls. Correspondingly, numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐ and FA1‐immunoreactive cells had increased 16‐fold (P < 0.001) and 2.1‐fold (P < 0.001), respectively in the FGF2 group and 10‐fold (P < 0.001) and 1.8‐fold (P < 0.05), respectively in the FGF8 group. In conclusion, the present procedure allows efficient expansion and differentiation of dopaminergic precursor cells and provides novel evidence of FGF8 as a mitogen for these cells. Furthermore, FA1 was identified as a potential supplementary non‐invasive marker of cultured dopaminergic neurons. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intermittent pneumatic compression enhances neurovascular ingrowth and tissue proliferation during connective tissue healing: A study in the rat
Authors: Dahl Johan , Li Jian , Bring Daniel K.‐I. , Renström Per , Ackermann Paul W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIntermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is a treatment method to decrease venous stasis and stimulate blood flow. Recently, it was hypothesized that IPC may exert positive effects on tissue healing, a process highly dependent upon adequate circulation. In this study, we investigated the effects of daily 1‐h IPC treatment during 2 and 4 weeks post–rat Achilles tendon rupture. The tendons were subjectively and semiquantitatively analyzed for collagen organization, fibroblast density, angiogenesis, and the occurrence of sensory neuropeptides, substance P (SP) and calcitonine gene related peptide (CGRP), as well as for a nerve regeneration marker, growth associated protein 43 (GAP‐43). After 2 weeks of treatment, fibroblast density increased by 53% (p = 0.0004), vessel density by 64% (p = 0.022), and the occurrence of SP by 110% (p = 0.047) and CGRP by 47% (p = 0.0163) compared to untreated controls. Following 4 weeks of treatment, both the occurrence of sensory neuropeptides and the vessel density remained significantly higher (p < 0.05), whereas fibroblast density returned to normal. However, at 4 weeks the treated tendons displayed a higher degree of organized parallel collagen fibers, a sign of increased maturation. Daily IPC treatment improves neurovascular ingrowth and fibroblast proliferation in the healing tendon and may accelerate the repair process. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:1185–1192, 2007
Changes during ensilage in fermentation products, tea catechins, antioxidative activity and in vitro gas production of green tea waste stored with or without dried beet pulp
Authors: Nishino Naoki , Kawai Tetsuya , Kondo Makoto 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWet green tea waste (GTW) was ensiled in laboratory silos with or without dried beet pulp at a ratio of 2:1 on a fresh weight basis. The silos were opened at 15, 30 and 60 days after anaerobic storage; fermentation products, tea catechins, antioxidative activity and in vitro gas production were determined. Acetic acid prevailed over the fermentation and the pH declined to below 4.2 when wet GTW was ensiled alone. Addition of dried beet pulp greatly enhanced lactic acid production and the pH further decreased to below 3.8 with no butyric acid being detected. Approximately 90% and 80% of (−)‐epicatechin gallate and (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate, respectively, were degraded in silage prepared from wet GTW alone, while the degradation was ameliorated in mixed silage to about 55% and 70%, respectively. Antioxidative activity was not markedly altered by ensiling and 70–80% of the initial activity was detected after 60 days. Changes were small in (−)‐epigallocatechin, caffeine and total phenols with or without mixing with dried beet pulp. In vitro gas production was similar between materials and their silages, indicating that reduction of tea catechins would not elicit an improvement in digestibility. It is concluded that wet GTW can be ensiled successfully without bacterial inoculants when mixed with other materials containing certain sugars. Ensiling may degrade part of the components of tea catechins, while not affecting total phenols, antioxidative activity and digestibility of wet GTW. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Val bean (Lablab purpureus L.) proteins: composition and biochemical properties
Authors: Venkatachalam Mahesh , Sathe Shridhar K 
Published: April 2007

AbstractVal bean (Lablab purpureus L.) proteins were fractionated using the Osborne protein fractionation scheme and biochemically characterized. The seed flour contained 302 g kg−1 protein (micro‐Kjeldahl N × 6.25) on a dry weight basis. Albumin, globulin, prolamin, and glutelin accounted for 22.8%, 45.1%, 1.8% and 30.3%, respectively, of the total soluble seed proteins. Among the solvents tested, 0.1 mol L−1 aqueous NaOH was the most effective protein solubilizer. Isoelectric focusing indicated the seed proteins to be predominantly acidic (pI range was ∼4–7). Val globulin is a glycoprotein composed of at least three polypeptides in the molecular mass range 51–64 kDa. Albumin fraction had the highest trypsin inhibitory activity, while the globulin fraction registered the highest hemagglutinating activity. Sulfur amino acids were the first limiting amino acids in the total seed proteins. The proportion of essential to total [E/T(%)] amino acids for the bean flour was 36.97%. Among the protein fractions, glutelin fraction had the highest E/T (42.86%) followed by albumin (41.57%), globulin (39.87%), and prolamin (39.15%). Native globulin, although resistant to pepsin, was effectively digested in vitro upon moist heat (100 °C, 30 min) denaturation. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
The coming of age of agroforestry
Authors: Nair PK Ramachandran 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe success of modern agricultural and forestry production can be largely attributed to monoculture systems using a few select species. In the drive for maximizing yield and profit, the age‐old tradition of using combined farming systems was essentially avoided and in some cases this has resulted in environmental problems such as land and water degradation and increased land clearing. During the last 30 years, however, the positive benefits of agroforestry to the producer and the environment have been increasingly recognized. Combining trees and crops in spatial or temporal arrangements has been shown to improve food and nutritional security and mitigate environmental degradation, offering a sustainable alternative to monoculture production. By providing supportive and complimentary roles with a flexible approach, agroforestry can offer specific social and environmental benefits across a range of landscapes and economies. More research and effort is needed to explore the full potential of agroforestry applications and to fuel awareness. As the plethora of benefits of agroforestry are realized, modern land‐use systems are evolving towards a more sustainable and holistic approach to land management. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Routine drainage after thyroid surgery—A meta‐analysis
Authors: Sanabria Alvaro , Carvalho André L. , Silver Carl E. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Shaha Ashok R. , Kowalski Luiz P. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThyroidectomy is a common surgical procedure. The results of some clinical trials suggest that routine drainage does not offer advantages, but the evidence is not strong either in favor of or against this intervention. The effect of routine drainage compared to no drainage in patients subject to thyroidectomy was measured using a meta‐analysis. After an extensive literature review, suitable randomized clinical trials were selected for analysis. Outcome measures included the comparative incidence of neck hematoma or seroma and length of hospital stay. Eleven randomized clinical trials were included. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of neck hematoma/seroma (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.59‐1.81) between the groups. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.53 days longer for the drainage group (95% CI 1.39–1.68). There was no difference found between routine drainage and no drainage with regard to the frequency of postoperative hematoma/seroma in patients following thyroidectomy. In addition, the mean length of hospital stay was longer in the routine drainage group. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 273–280. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conditioning of flaked rapeseed using the Exergy steam processor – a report from full scale test runs in a Swedish crushing plant
Authors: Münter Claes 
Published: April 2007

AbstractUsing superheated pressurised steam for conditioning seeds and beans is very effective and can reduce the costs for cleaning and refining the oil. By using the Exergy system the time to achieve 120–140°C is only 10–30 s and all enzymes will be deactivated. After water‐degumming the oil will contain less than 10 ppm phosphorous. At appropriate processing conditions the proteins can be heat‐treated to produce rumen by‐pass (protected protein), which has significant added value on the feed market. The process and product development has been done together with a Swedish crushing company. They have used the Exergy for many years. Results on both oil and protein from treatment of flaked rapeseed are presented.
Should we be concerned about the dietary ω‐6:ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio?
Authors: Stanley John C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOmega‐6 and ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids compete at the active sites of enzymes responsible for Δ‐6 desaturation, incorporation into membrane phospholipids, release from membrane phospholipids and conversion into either prostaglandins or leukotrienes. Since prostaglandins are involved in the processes of platelet aggregation and inflammation then it has been suggested that ω‐6 and ω‐3 PUFA compete in vivo and that this has consequences for cell function and ultimately for health. It has been proposed that the dietary ω‐6: ω‐3 PUFA ratio should be used to measure this competition. Theoretical objections to the use of this ratio have recently been confirmed by hard scientific evidence showing that absolute amounts of ω‐6 and ω‐3 PUFA in the diet are more important than the ratio.
Screening of EPDM Cure States Using Depth‐Sensing Indentation
Authors: Kranenburg Johannes M. , van Duin Martin , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe applicability of depth‐sensing indentation as a characterization tool for high throughput experimentation (HTE) in the field of rubber curing was investigated. Depth‐sensing indentation is a suitable candidate for HTE as small amounts of material per sample suffice and large numbers of samples can be automatically measured sequentially. The applicability of this technique to characterize rubber crosslinking was studied using a set of peroxide cured EPDM vulcanizates. Depth‐sensing indentation results were correlated with state of cure, Shore A hardness and macroscopic mechanical properties such as modulus and compression set.magnified image
Temperature‐Responsive Water‐Soluble Copolymers Based on 2‐Hydroxyethyl Acrylate and Butyl Acrylate
Authors: Mun Grigoriy A. , Nurkeeva Zauresh S. , Beissegul Aliya B. , Dubolazov Artem V. , Urkimbaeva Perizat I. , Park Kinam , Khutoryanskiy Vitaliy V. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAmphiphilic copolymers have been synthesised by free radical copolymerisation of 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate with butyl acrylate, the reactivity ratios of which indicate practically equal reactivity. The copolymers containing less than 30 mol‐% of BA were soluble in water and exhibited a LCST in aqueous solutions. It was found that the interaction between these copolymers and poly(acrylic acid) in aqueous solutions resulted in the formation of interpolymer complexes stabilised by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. This interaction was significantly affected by solution pH and led to modification of the temperature‐responsive behaviour of the copolymers.magnified image
Chemical Synthesis of Polyaniline Inverse Opals by Templating Colloidal Crystals in the Presence of Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid
Authors: Yang Ling‐Yueh , Liau Wen‐Bin 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA simple method for chemically synthesizing PANI inverse opals by templating colloidal crystals is presented. The use of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid resulted in structures with reduced shrinkage, allowing the position of the optical stop band to be tuned. The conductivity of the inverse opals was increased, and that of PANI was estimated to be 8 S · cm−1. The inverse opals were of good structural integrity and fidelity, and the overall thickness could be controlled by that of the templates. Optical reflection spectra provided additional evidence of the high crystalline quality of the samples. These inverse opals might be attractive materials for sensor applications and studies of novel optical properties.magnified image
Existenz‐ und Eindeutigkeitsbeweise für Gezeitenwellen mit allgemeinen Wirbelverteilungen
Authors: Beyer Klaus , Zeidler Eberhard 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFür Gezeitenwellen von Meeresflüssigkeiten mit allgemeinen Wirbelverteilungen auf rotierenden Planeten mit oder ohne Mond wird mit Hilfe der Birfurkationstheorie die Existenz und Eindeutigkeit von Lösungen des entsprechenden freien Randwertproblems nachgewiesen. Die Lösungen sind Entwicklungen nach kleinen Parametern. Für die Berechnung der Entwicklungskoeffizienten werden brauchbare Näherungsverfahren angegeben.
The ∑‐Property for Positive Linear Functionals on W‐algebras and its Application to the Problem of Unitary Mixing in the State Space
Authors: Alberti P. M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this paper we are dealing with positive linear functionals on W‐algebras. We introduce the notion of a positive linear functional with ∑‐property (see Definition 1.1). It is shown that each positive linear functional on a W‐algebra possesses the ∑‐property. This fact allows to give a short proof of UHLMANN's conjecture on unitary mixing in the state space of a W‐algebra. In proving our main theorem (see Theorem 1.2.) we obtain some results on positive linear functionals and orthoprojections which are useful in other context, too.
Ideals in Algebras of Unbounded Operators
Authors: Timmermann W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA general procedure is given to get ideals in algebras of unbounded operators starting with ideals in ℬ︁(ℋ︁). Algebraical and topological properties of ideals obtained in this manner from the well‐known symmetrically‐normed ideals Sϕ(ℋ︁) are described.
Anwendung des SCHAUDERschen Fixpunktsatzes auf elliptische Randwertaufgaben
Authors: Ade Hans 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn the first section of this paper we prove an existence theorem for a system of two operator equations with the aid of SCHAUDERS fixpoint theorem. In section two we apply this abstract theorem to get HÖLDERcontinuous solutions of boundary value problems with partial elliptic differential equations. For this purpose we employ some potentialtheoretic auxiliaries and some imbedding properties of HÖLDER spaces.
In Vitro Degradation of Poly(lactic‐co2‐glycolic) Acid Random Copolymers
Authors: Vey Elisabeth , F. Miller Aline , Claybourn Mike , Saiani Alberto 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe have investigated the in vitro degradation of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid copolymer with a lactic to glycolic ratio of 65/35. The degradation studies were performed on solvent‐cast films of controlled thickness and shape. The samples were then incubated at 37 °C in phosphate buffered saline solution. The degradation was followed using potentiometry, light microscopy, gravimetry, gel permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry. Water was found to diffuse inside the film as soon as the sample was placed in the degradation media. Wrinkles formed on the upper layer while degradation took place via chain scission in the bulk of the film. After 10 days, this led to the creation of a vesicle where liquid low molecular weight oligomers were trapped inside a thin film of high molecular weight polymer. This thin film acted as a membrane allowing only low molecular weight compounds to diffuse out of the film.
Deep brain stimulation and medication for parkinsonian tremor during secondary tasks
Authors: Sturman Molly M. , Vaillancourt David E. , Metman Leo Verhagen , Sierens Diane K. , Bakay Roy A.E. , Corcos Daniel M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study examined the efficacy of subthalamic nucleus (STN), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and medication for resting tremor during performance of secondary tasks. Hand tremor was recorded using accelerometry and electromyography (EMG) from 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and ten matched control subjects. The PD subjects were examined off treatment, on STN DBS, on medication, and on STN DBS plus medication. In the first experiment, tremor was recorded in a quiet condition and during a cognitive task designed to enhance tremor. In the second experiment, tremor was recorded in a quiet condition and during isometric finger flexion (motor task) with the contralateral limb at 5% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) that was designed to suppress tremor. Results showed that: (1) STN DBS and medication reduced tremor during a cognitive task that exacerbated tremor, (2) STN DBS normalized tremor frequency in both the quiet and cognitive task conditions, whereas tremor amplitude was only normalized in the quiet condition, (3) a secondary motor task reduced tremor in a similar manner to STN DBS. These findings demonstrate that STN DBS still suppresses tremor in the presence of a cognitive task. Furthermore, a secondary motor task of the opposite limb suppresses tremor to levels comparable to STN DBS. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
High prevalence of LRRK2 mutations in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease in Portugal
Authors: Ferreira Joaquim J. , Guedes Leonor Correia , Rosa Mário Miguel , Coelho Miguel , van Doeselaar Marina , Schweiger Dorothea , Di Fonzo Alessio , Oostra Ben A. , Sampaio Cristina , Bonifati Vincenzo 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMutations in the Leucine‐Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most frequent known cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), but their prevalence varies markedly between populations. Here we studied the frequency and associated phenotype of four recurrent LRRK2 mutations (R1441C, R1441G, R1441H, and G2019S) in familial and sporadic PD from a single referral center in Lisbon, Portugal. Among 138 unrelated PD probands, we identified 9 heterozygous G2019S carriers (6.52%) and 1 heterozygous R1441H carrier (0.72%). The G2019S mutation was present in 4 of the 107 sporadic (3.74%) and in 5 of the 31 familial probands (16.1%). Mutations were not found among 101 Portuguese controls. The G2019S mutation was present on a single haplotype and displayed reduced penetrance. Heterozygous parkin gene mutations were also found in 2 G2019S‐positive probands, but their pathogenic role is unclear. The clinical phenotype in patients with LRRK2 mutations was indistinguishable from that of typical PD, including impaired sense of smell. The G2019S mutation is a very common genetic determinant among the Portuguese patients with PD, and the R1441H mutation is also present in this population. These data have important implications for the diagnostic work‐up and genetic counseling of patients with this disease in Portugal. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Power‐law temporal autocorrelation of activity reflects severity of parkinsonism
Authors: Pan Weidong , Ohashi Kyoko , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Kwak Shin 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe aimed to obtain a reliable, objective scale representing disease severity for appropriate management of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Nineteen patients with PD at the Department of Neurology, Tokyo University Hospital, were classified into mild (n = 10) or severe groups (n = 9) depending on their Hoehn‐Yahr scores, and wore accelerometers on their wrists for more than 6 consecutive days. During this time we monitored their subjective assessments of symptom severity and analyzed the power‐law exponents (α) for local maxima and minima of fluctuations in the activity time series. Statistical comparisons were made between the severe and mild groups and of individual patients on “good condition” and “bad condition” days, as well as between days before and after antiparkinsonism medication. In all patients, the α for local maxima was always lower when parkinsonism was mild than when severe. Presence of tremor did not influence the α for local maxima. As the lower α value for local maxima of fluctuations in activity records reflects more frequent switching behavior from low to high physical activities or the severity of akinesia, actigraph monitoring of parkinsonism, and analysis of its power‐law correlation may provide useful objective information for controlling parkinsonism in outpatient clinics and for evaluating new antiparkinsonism drugs. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
A computer method based on simulated annealing to identify aquifer parameters using pumping‐test data
Authors: Huang Yen‐Chen , Yeh Hund‐Der , Lin Yu‐Chung 
Published: April 2007

AbstractConventional graphical or computer methods for identifying aquifer parameters have their own inevitable limitations. This paper proposes a computer method based on a drawdown model and a heuristic approach of simulated annealing (SA) to determine the best‐fit aquifer parameters of the confined and unconfined aquifer systems. The drawdown model for the confined aquifer is the Theis solution and the unconfined aquifer is the Neuman solution. The estimated results of proposed method have better accuracy than those of the graphical methods and agree well with those of the computer methods based on the extended Kalman filter and Newton's method. Finally, the sensitivity analyses for the control parameters of SA indicate that the proposed method is very robust and stable in parameter identification procedures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.