bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking of New Thieno[2,3‑d]Pyrimidin‐4‐One Derivatives as Dual EGFR and FGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Sultan Sara , Tawfik Samar S. , Selim Khalid B. , Nasr Magda N.A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNovel thienopyrimidinone hybrids 5–25 were developed and synthesized as potential inhibitors of human EGFR and FGFR. The in vitro antiproliferative action of all compounds, towards the human breast tumor cells MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7, was evaluated with doxorubicin serving as a reference (IC50 = 6.72 µM). Compound 23 demonstrated the highest anti‐breast cancer efficacy against both cellular lines having IC50 ranging from 2.95 to 3.80 µM. The enzyme inhibition of human EGFR and FGFR by the most active candidates 18, 21and 23–25 was further evaluated. Compounds 21 and 25 were the best EGFR inhibitors having IC50 values of 0.077 and 0.059 µM, respectively, in comparison to Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.04 µM). In comparison with Staurosporine (IC50 = 0.024 µM), compounds 24 and 25 were the most active FGFR inhibitors having IC50 values of 0.055 and 0.029 µM, respectively. The study of molecular docking was carried out among the most active EGFR inhibitors 21 and 25 and the most active FGFR inhibitors 24 and 25 to examine the relation between the binding pattern of these compounds with EGFR and FGFR catalytic active sites and their biological activity, whereas the computational results were aligned with the biological results. Finally, compound 25, which was found to be the best dual inhibitor against EGFR and FGFR, was tested for inducing apoptosis and affecting cellular arrest within G2/M phase as well as it was screened to measure its safety towards normal breast cells MCF10a with IC50 value of 47.16 µM in contrast to the reference Staurosporine (IC50 = 18.86 µM). Accordingly, compound 25 could be considered as a potential breast cancer therapy.
Impact of Menstrual Cycle and Oral Contraceptives on Haematological and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Highly Trained Female Athletes
Authors: Collomp Katia , Teulier Caroline , Castanier Carole , Bonnigal Juliette , Marchand Alexandre , Buisson Corinne , Ericsson Magnus , Crépin Nathalie , Duron Emmanuelle , Favory Eric , Zimmermann Mathieu , Amiot Virgile , Olivier Agnès 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHaematological and inflammatory biomarkers play an important role in athlete performance and health, with some of them used in the fight against doping. However, little is known about how they are modulated by sex hormone fluctuations in highly trained female athletes. We therefore measured the haematological parameters monitored in the athlete biological passport (ABP) as well as erythropoietin, serum markers of iron and inflammatory statuses (iron, ferritin, transferrin, transferrin saturation, albumin, creatinine, total protein, interleukin‐6 and TNF‐alpha) in 20 highly trained female athletes: 10 with normal menstrual cycle (NMC) during the early follicular and mid‐luteal phases and 10 using a combined oral contraceptive (COC, i.e., ethinyloestradiol and levonorgestrel) during active and inactive hormone intake. Body composition, leptin and lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides) were determined in parallel. No changes were observed throughout NMC phases. Irrespective of active/inactive pill intake, COC use increased transferrin, triglycerides as well as reticulocyte count (p < 0.05) and decreased interleukin‐6 (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in the other parameters studied. In conclusion, given our results across NMC phases in highly trained athletes, it seems warranted to investigate whether intense physical training would mitigate the impact of endogenous sex hormones on body composition and haematological and inflammatory parameters. In addition, further studies are needed to determine the extent of the changes induced by COCs on these blood biomarkers in elite female athletes when subjected to extreme environments such as intensive training or competition in humid heat, cold and/or hypoxia or when using other medications in parallel.
Substantial Decline in the Groundwater in the Ten Kongduis Basin in the Loess Plateau During 2001–2020
Authors: Luan Jinkai , Li Xiaojie , Naeem Shahid , Kumar Amit , Miao Ping , Wang Ruidong , Yang Zhenqi , Ma Hongli , Ma Ning 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Loess Plateau has experienced obvious greening because of anthropogenically induced vegetation restoration. However, the impact of ecological restoration on groundwater storage over the past two decades remains unclear, though it is widely known that the growth of plants in this region depends heavily on groundwater. Such a knowledge gap is partly due to the scarcity of groundwater monitoring data. Here, this study reconstructed the groundwater level records in a typical basin in the Loess Plateau (the Ten Kongduis basin) spanning from 2001 to 2020 using an emergent relationship between the cumulative surface water fluxes over a 12‐month moving window and the groundwater level changes. The long‐term reconstruction suggests a persistent decreasing trend in the groundwater level from 2001 to 2020, with a short period of recovery observed between 2011 and 2013. In particular, the declining trend notably intensified after 2013, indicating an accelerated depletion of groundwater in the most recent few years. Further attribution analysis suggests that the decrease in groundwater levels was primarily attributed to the increasing evapotranspiration because of extensive vegetation restoration. Additionally, the development and utilization of regional groundwater resources also play an important role in this phenomenon. Our results provide crucial insights into the management and utilization of groundwater resources in the Loess Plateau, thus highlighting that a more sustainable strategy for future adaptation must be planned in this water‐scarce region.
Effects of Heavier Congeners on the Structural and Photophysical Properties of Visible‐Light‐Absorbing Dinuclear Complexes of Group‐12 Elements
Authors: Wada Yoshimasa , Matsuo Eri , Sunada Yusuke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUnlike most d‐block metal complexes, group‐12 metal complexes exhibit a lack of visible light absorption involving atomic orbital of metal center, despite the growing demand for visible light‐driven photofunctional materials. To overcome this limitation, we previously developed a dinuclear Zn(II) complex that absorbs visible light through an empty σ orbital formed between two proximal Zn atoms and exhibits dual emission at 77 K. However, the roles of the central metal atom in influencing the structural and photophysical properties were not fully investigated. In this study, we synthesized a dinuclear Cd(II) complex, structurally analogous to the Zn(II) complex, to investigate the effects of the central metal atoms on these properties. Structural analyses revealed that both complexes are highly similar, with slightly elongated Cd–Cd distances because of Cd's larger van der Waals radius. Theoretical calculations indicated attractive intermetallic interactions between the central metal atoms in both complexes. Although both complexes displayed negligibly different visible light absorptions, the Cd(II) complex displayed a much higher intersystem crossing rate than the Zn(II) complex, generating distinctly different overall emission profiles. These findings emphasize the crucial roles of the central metal atoms in influencing the structural and photophysical behaviors of dinuclear complexes, providing deeper insights for designing group‐12‐element‐based materials.
Non‐Oscillatory Control Based Fixed‐Time Synchronization of Fuzzy Memristive Neural Networks
Authors: Li Zuhao , Abdurahman Abdujelil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the fixed‐time (FXT) synchronization issue of fuzzy memristive neural networks (MNNs) via using incomplete Beta functions from the view of improving the estimate accuracy of settling time (ST). First, the parameter mismatching issue brought by the switching characteristics of the memristor is handled through the convex analysis method. Then, a new FXT stability theorem that provides a more accurate ST estimation is derived by using incomplete Beta functions. Furthermore, based on this result, some new sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the FXT synchronization of considered fuzzy MNNs via designing a class of control schemes by introducing a new saturation function as well as using some inequality techniques. Significantly, the introduced FXT controller can achieve synchronization aim at bounded ST and it is not affected by the system's initial values. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the affectivity of introduced results.
Quantifying the environmental benefits of green development: A carbon emission reduction analysis of air logistics in airport‐type national logistics hub cities
Authors: Kang Xinyu , Chen Lu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImproving the efficiency of aviation logistics and enhancing the green development level of national airport logistics hub cities is an effective way to achieve low‐carbon development of aviation industry. This study takes 23 airport‐type national logistics hub cities as the research object, calculates the carbon emissions generated in the process of air logistics transportation from 2010 to 2022. The study constructs an index for the green development level of city‐level aviation logistics. It uses super‐efficiency slacks‐based measure data envelopment analysis to dynamically measure the green development level of aviation logistics in airport‐type national logistics hub cities. On this basis, the study deeply analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics of the air logistics green development level of different airport logistics hub cities and puts forward multi‐dimensional policy recommendations. The results are as follows: (1) Since 2010, the total carbon emissions of aviation logistics in airport‐type national logistics hub cities have been increasing year by year, especially in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhengzhou, and Chengdu. The carbon emissions of aviation logistics in different economic zones differ greatly, showing the characteristics of East > West > Central > Northeast. (2) The green development level of air logistics in different airport‐type national logistics hub cities is gradually rising, relatively maintaining a stable state, but the difference is large. (3) Negative spatial autocorrelation exists in the green development level of air logistics in different cities. No significant spatial clustering features appear. This study puts forward policy recommendations to promote the low‐carbon development.
Geomorphological evidence of the Malta‐Sicily land‐bridge during the Last Glacial Maximum inferred from seismic profiles
Authors: Rossi Sofia , Prampolini Mariacristina , Galea Charles , Valle Giacomo Dalla , Caruana Albert , Soldati Mauro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) witnessed substantial sea‐level fluctuations profoundly impacting the geomorphological evolution of the Maltese Islands, located in the SW part of the Malta Plateau (central Mediterranean Sea). It is known that during that period, a land‐bridge connected the Maltese Islands to Sicily. However, discerning detailed geomorphological evidence of past sea‐level changes in offshore regions proves difficult due to the limited availability of high‐resolution multibeam bathymetry data, subsurface seismic profiles and potential tectonic influences. By addressing these challenges, this study sets out to meticulously reconstruct the coastline of the Malta Plateau and to delineate the extent of the land‐bridge connecting Malta to Sicily during the LGM. The study was conducted by exploiting 2D multichannel seismic profiles acquired during oil exploration seismic surveys carried out offshore Malta and EMODnet bathymetry data. This analysis enabled the recognition of the coastline of the western side of the land‐bridge connecting Malta and Sicily during the LGM, at a depth ranging from 119 to 131 m b.s.l. Uncertainties about the location of the eastern coastline remain due to the quality and extent of the seismic profiles and to the more intense morphodynamics of the Malta Plateau. A coastal lagoon system, bounded offshore by a barrier corresponding to a structural high, was recognized. During transgressional phases, the emerged LGM landscape was progressively submerged and locally sealed by a thin layer of sediments, which still preserves the most significant geomorphological features. With reference to the stratigraphic sequence, two facies were distinguished, the lower one interpreted as the pre‐Plio‐Quaternary (pre‐PQ) sequence outcropping in Malta, and the upper one consisting of Plio‐Quaternary (PQ) deposits onlapping on the former one. These results provide valuable insights into the palaeoenvironmental history of the region, contributing to a broader understanding of sea‐level dynamics and geological evolution in the tectonically complex Mediterranean area.
Global open‐access DEM vertical elevation and along track neighbouring structure evaluations in the Tibetan Plateau using ICESat‐2 ATL03 points
Authors: Chen Jun , Xiong Liyang , Li Sijin , Tang Guoan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlobal digital elevation models (GDEMs) are critical in the measurement and analysis of Earth's surface, and should be evaluated prior to use. However, existing GDEM evaluations mainly use global statistical metrics to evaluate vertical elevation (VE) differences with reference data, ignoring the relationship between a centre pixel and its neighbouring pixels, which is defined as the GDEM's neighbouring structure (NS). Along track ATL03 points allow evaluation of the along track NS (ATNS). This study comprehensively accesses the VE and ATNS accuracy of 1 arc‐second GDEMs, including Copernicus, NASA, AW3D30 and ASTER DEM, using for the first time ICESat‐2 ATL03 along track points throughout the Tibetan Plateau, where the rugged terrains and various features make it difficult to maintain its NS's accuracy. This study first introduces continuous and discrete ATNS metrics, then evaluates their effectiveness by analysing their relationships with errors in GDEM terrain derivatives. Finally, the better‐performing metric is used for evaluations across various terrain parameters, landforms and land covers. The proposed framework achieved DEM evaluations from pixel‐by‐pixel statistical analysis of elevation differences to local ATNS assessment. Evaluation results demonstrate that the ATNS errors of the GDEMs are linearly correlated with the RMSE of the vertical errors. Overall, the errors of the VE RMSE and ATNS are ranked as Copernicus< AW3D30 < NASA< ASTER. However, evaluations conducted in the Andes and Alps reveal regional variations in these rankings. This study endeavours to introduce a new framework for large‐scale GDEM evaluations, and the conclusions are beneficial for GDEM selection in further applications.
Characterisation of Lentinus Edodes Chicken Filling Based on Their Flavour Profiles Using SPME‐GC–MS, Electronic Sensory Analysis, and Fuzzy Mathematics
Authors: Li Qianyu , You Kaiyan , Wang Ya , Cao Xuehui , Zhu Danshi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe flavour quality of Lentinus edodes chicken meat filling with varying proportions of mushroom was analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME‐GC–MS), electronic sensory technology and fuzzy mathematical sensory evaluation. The results indicate that the addition of Lentinus edodes increased the content of unsaturated fatty acids by 3.97% and total volatile compounds by 79.20%, compared to the filling without Lentinus edodes. Furthermore, the ratio of umami amino acids increased by 6.54%. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that sensory scores are influenced by multiple factors rather than a single or few factors alone. Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between sensory score and the content of flavour amino group and Mushroom alcohol, while showing a negative correlation with the content of 5′‐GMP. These findings suggest that changes in the proportion of dry and fresh Lentinus edodes significantly impact the flavour profile of chicken stuffed with Lentinus edodes.
Lower Palaeolithic Site Kamianka in Eastern Ukraine: Geoarchaeological Assessments
Authors: Stepanchuk Vadim N. , Veklych Yurii M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe paper presents an initial attempt to assess ancient findings in Eastern Ukraine through a synthesis of archaeological and geomorphological data. It focuses on a newly discovered Lower Palaeolithic site on a valley slope of a right‐bank tributary of the Seversky Donets River, cutting into the Jarkiv stage terrace (Pliocene) of the Ukrainian stratigraphic scale. Flint, quartzite, quartz flakes, and modified pebbles were found in the clastic material from the upper cover layer. The artefacts date from 2.6 to 0.6 Ma, corresponding to the interval between the boundary separating Bogdanivka and Beregove stages (i.e., Reuverian and Tiglian, respectively) and the Lubny (Cromerian) stage. A new terrace analysis method identified the lower boundary near the Pliocene‐Quaternary transition, with the upper boundary based on regional archaeological analogies. Deflationary processes prevent further narrowing of the timeframe. Taphonomic evidence indicates prolonged exposure in aquatic and wetland environments before surface deposition. The collection includes hammerstones, choppers, scrapers, and retouched flakes, predominantly shaped using the bipolar‐on‐anvil technique with some free‐hand flaking. Technological and typological features classify the assemblage as an archaic Mode I core‐and‐flake industry. Geological–geomorphological age assessments confirm these findings, refining correlations between archaeological industries and palaeogeographic stages.
Thinking About It All Together: A Descriptive Analysis to Understand Comorbidities in People Living With Dementia
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Deng Zhirui , Seaman Jennifer , Koleck Theresa A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) is on the rise. There is a corresponding escalation in the number of persons living with dementia who require complex, longitudinal support in care due to the progressive declines in cognitive and clinical profiles of persons living with dementia when delivering individualized person‐centered care that promotes overall health and well‐being. Hence, we aim to describe the presence and patterns of co‐occurring comorbidities in persons living with dementia.MethodsThis study is a retrospective, cross‐sectional descriptive analysis based on curated electronic health record data from the All of Us Research Program from October 1, 2015, to June 30, 2022. We included individuals who were 65 years of age or older with at least one dementia‐related diagnosis. We categorized 14 comorbidities by the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and defined all diseases based on the International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision Diagnosis codes. We employed descriptive statistics and visualized data with UpSet Plots. Demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, race, and ethnicity) between people with and without co‐occurring comorbidities were compared with either chi‐square or Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests.ResultsPersons living with dementia (N = 4003) were a mean of 73 years old, 72.5% non‐Hispanic White, and 47.5% female. Approximately 87% of persons living with dementia were diagnosed with at least one additional comorbidity. The most common comorbidities included diabetes (67.82%), renal disease (40.24%), chronic pulmonary disease (39.85%), congestive heart failure (37.37%), and peripheral vascular disease (34.57%). Heterogeneous patterns of co‐occurring comorbidity were noted among persons living with dementia.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the high prevalence of co‐occurring comorbid illness among persons living with dementia. It is critical that the impact of these co‐occurring conditions on patients' disease trajectories be better understood to promote treatment choices that are person‐centered and goal‐concordant.
Dynamic Effects of Persistent Shocks
Authors: Alloza Mario , Gonzalo Jesús , Sanz Carlos 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe provide evidence that many narrative shocks used by prominent literature display some persistence. We show that the two leading methods to estimate impulse responses to an independently identified shock (local projections and distributed lag models) treat persistence differently, hence identifying different objects. We propose corrections to re‐establish the equivalence between local projections and distributed lag models, providing applied researchers with methods and guidance to estimate their desired object of interest. We apply these methods to well‐known empirical work and find that how persistence is treated has a sizable impact on the estimates of dynamic effects.
The Future of Snowstorms in Central and Eastern North America
Authors: Ashley Walker S. , Zeeb Aaron , Haberlie Alex M. , Gensini Vittorio A. , Michaelis Allison 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe investigate the changing snowstorm landscape in eastern North America using dynamically downscaled regional climate simulations that compare the late‐20th century against mid‐ and late‐21st‐century epochs for two climate pathways that include moderate and pessimistic warming. By identifying, tracking, and cataloguing snowstorms, we illustrate how the frequency, snow water equivalent, and other features of these events may change. Results suggest changes in snowstorm characteristics are most significant for the pessimistic pathway, especially toward the late 21st century. There is similar event frequency between the historical period and mid‐21st‐century projections but declines of 3% to 10% are still projected for snowstorm counts, hours, cumulative area, and snow water equivalent. By the late 21st century, snowstorm attributes have losses of 6% to 37% versus the historical period, revealing a projected acceleration in loss from the mid to late century. Spatially, snowstorm reduction is most dramatic along and south of the Ohio River Valley as the latitude that separates steady snowstorm counts to the north and reduced snowstorms to the south migrates poleward in the future. Similarly, extreme snowstorms decline to the south, with some northern regions experiencing increase in counts and snow water equivalent, affirming prior research theorising that some snowfall may intensify as increasing moisture in a warming climate interacts with environments with temperatures still supportive of snowfall. Significant reductions in early and late cool‐season snowstorms are projected across all future epochs, revealing a shrinking season. These results provide a set of perspectives on how a dominant cryospheric input—the snowstorm—will change across eastern North America in the future.