bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late sino-nasal metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Cumberworth V. L. , Ohri A. , Morrissey G. , Stirling R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a rare case of metastasis of a follicular carcinoma of the thyroid to the sino-nasal cavity 12 years after diagnosis and treatment of the primary malignancy and review the literature of previously reported cases.
Epistaxis, von Willebrand's type bleeding diathesis and Wilms' tumour: a case report
Authors: Lim P. V. H. , Mason J. D. T. , Walker D. , Gibbin K. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a case of persistent epistaxis in a seven-month-old child with Wilms' tumour who had an associated von Willebrand's type bleeding diathesis. Correction of the bleeding diathesis to control the epistaxis required treatment of the tumour with chemotherapy.
Fibromatosis of the parapharyngeal space
Authors: Porter M. J. , Suen W. M. , John D. G. , Van Hasselt C. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTumours of the parapharyngeal space are not common. The majority arise from the deep lobe of the parotid gland or neurovascular structures. We describe a case of fibromatosis, which has not previously been reported at this site.
A leaking aortic aneurysm presenting as a recurrent neck swelling
Authors: El-Naggar Mohamed , Flood Liam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe present a case of an 82-year-old lady with recurrent swelling and a history of intermittent stridor who subsequetly developed a contusion over her lower neck and upper chest. The patient collapsed on her way to have to have a CT scan and died 24 hours later of a leaking aortic aneurysen. At initial presentation the complete resolution of poorly localizing symptoms and signs almost allowed her discharge from hospital.
Experience with the xylocaine test as a prognostic aid for surgery in Sluder's neuralgia
Authors: Kamal Syed Akhtar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFacial pain is a common symptom. Patients with this symptom without any overt disease of nose and paranasal sinuses are often diagnosed as having chronic rhinosinusitis. Thirty-six cases were seen and treated surgically by middle turbinectomy or septal surgery in this series. The xylocaine (10 per cent) test seemed to be a good prognostic aid for the surgical procedures. Medical treatment did not seem to relieve the symptoms. Larger series with control trials are recommended in order to establish this practice.
The influence of bismuth subgallate and adrenaline paste upon operating time and operative blood loss in tonsillectomy
Authors: Callanan Vincent , Curran Aongus J. , Smyth David A. , Gormley Peter K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aims of this study were to demonstrate the effect of bismuth subgallate and adrenaline paste application to the tonsillar fossae on operating time and peroperative blood loss during tonsillectomy. Ninety-eight patients were included in a prospective randomized trial.Bismuth subgallate powder is mixed with 10 ml of normal saline and 0.03 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline to make a paste. This paste is used as a topical haemostatic agent during tonsillectomy. Bismuth subgallate activates Factor XII and therefore accelerates the coagulation cascade. Adrenaline causes vasoconstriction and promotes platelet aggregation. The application of bismuth subgallate and adrenaline paste to the tonsillar fossae during tonsillectomy reduces operating time by 23 per cent for Consultant staff (p<0.05) and 32 per cent for Junior staff (p<0.05). Blood loss is reduced by 21 per cent (p>0.05), for the average paediatric tonsillectomy.
Can obstructive sleep apnoea be a complication of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty?
Authors: Finkelstein Yehuda , Talmi Yoav P. , Raveh Eyal , Orlin Jerome , Rudnicki Carlos , Fried Menachem , Zahavi Yzhar 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolysomnography is currently used for diagnosis, evaluation and selection of therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but clinically successful uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is not necessarily reflected by post-operative improvement of polysomnographic recordings. Post-operative polysomnography may suggest deterioration of pre-existing OSA or, in snorers,de-novoprecipitation of OSA. Thus, if polysomnography is a reliable indicator of OSA, then OSA may be a post-operative risk of UPPP. The aims of our study were: (i) to assess the possible deleterious effect of UPPP on sleep patterns; (ii) to further define the role of cardioisotope scanning in the evaluation of OSA; (iii) to assess the reliability of polysomnography given the clinical and cardioisotope scan findings. Symptoms, polysomnography and radionuclide ventriculography were prospectively compared pre- and post-operatively in 41 patients undergoing UPPP. In 12 patients (29 per cent), there were disparate results between pre- or post-operative polysomnography and the clinical and/or radionuclide ventriculography, as follows: In four of 16 patients with abnormal pre-operative ventricular performance, there was pre-operative symptomatology of severe OSA and a bedmate's reports of apnoeic episodes. This was in contrast to normal or near normal sleep apnoea recordings. In eight patients, post-operative improvement of symptoms was reported, despite deterioration of post-operative polysomnographic recordings. In these patients the post-operative improvement of symptoms was also reflected by improved ventricular performance. Worsening of ventricular performance was not demonstrated in any patient. In conclusion, UPPP does not induce OSA. Polysomnography may underestimate or even misdiagnose cases of OSA. The diagnostic importance of patient symptomatology should be stressed particularly in those patients with only mildly abnormal or even completely normal sleep studies. A combination of polysomnographic and cardiovascular evaluation in patients with symptomatology consistent with OSA is recommended.
Cranial fasciitis: presentation as a post-auricular mass
Authors: Iqbal Khalid , Saqulain Ghulam , Udaipurwala I. H. , Ashraf Junaid , Aijaz Farrukh , Jalisi M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCranial fasciitis is a rare variant of nodular fasciitis. It is a benign condition with features resembling sarcoma, seen principally in young males. It involves the skull bones and grows at a rapid pace. Accurate diagnosis and surgical excision is the key to management. Prognosis is good with recurrence rare. By 1992, 17 cases had been reported in the literature. The present case is the first reported in pakinstan.It presented as post auricular mass.
The Birmingham mummy: the first torticollis in history
Authors: Pahor Ahmes L. , Cole John 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe Birmingham Mummy is of a warrior, 25–35 years of age, from the Graeco-Roman period. He was struck from the front by an arrow, which penetrated the soft tissues of the neck to some depth and lodged in the right infratemporal fossa. It is suggested that the wound became infected and that muscle spasm induced the torticollis which was not fully corrected on mummification.
Prevalence of eardrum pathology in a cohort born in 1955
Authors: Stangerup S.-E. , Schwer S. , Pedersen K. , Brofeldt S. , Niebuhr M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of the different types of eardrum pathology in a cohort of adults not previously treated by grommet insertion with corresponding findings obtained in a cohort previously treated with grommet insertion.A cohort born in 1955 were invited to a screening examination including otomicroscopy. In the untreated cohort, retraction of Shrapnell's membrane was found in four per cent of the ears compared to 20 per cent in the cohort treated with grommets. Tensa pathology, including atrophy and myringosclerosis, was found in six per cent of the ears in the untreated cohort and in 17 per cent in the treated cohort. Normal eardrums were found in 91 per cent of the ears. Despite the increased awareness of secretory otitis, as well as the increased rate of surgical treatment, the prevalence of eardrum pathology seems to be increasing. The reasons for this are discussed.
Post intubation laryngeal sequelae in an intensive care unit
Authors: Thomas Ratna , Vijaya Kumar E. , Kameswaran Mohan , Shamim Ahmed , Ghamdii Saeed Al , Mummigatty. Anil P. , Okafor B. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe incidence, severity and pattern of post-intubation laryngotracheal sequelae in a 12 bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU) were assessed in this prospective study. One-hundred and fifty consecutive patients requiring intubation for more than 24 hours for various indications were studied. Evaluation of the larynx and trachea was done using a fibreoptic bronchoscope introduced through the endotracheal tube prior to elective extubation. Rigid bronchoscopy and direct laryngoscopy were performed in very small children and adults requiring tracheostomy. One-hundred and thirty-one (87.6 per cent) patients had visible laryngeal pathology in the immediate post-extubation period. Thirteen (8.6 per cent) had long term sequelae. A high incidence of long term sequelae was noted in patients with seizures (25 per cent) followed by patients with head injury (19 per cent). Steroid therapy failed to offer any significant protection but resulted in doubling of pulmonary sepsis. A grading system was adopted to classify acute laryngotracheal injury and a significant correlation was found between the presence of slough in the immediate post-extubation period and subsequent development of long term sequelae. There was also a significant correlation between a deeper insertion of the endotracheal tube and development subsequently of long term sequelae. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Palatal pleomorphic adenoma in a child
Authors: Noghreyan A. , Gatot A. , Maor E. , Fliss D. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBenign salivary gland tumours in childhood are rare. We present a case of a pleomorphic adenoma arising in a minor salivary gland within the hard palate, review the literature and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic features of the condition.
The molecular genetics of vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Moffat David A. , Irving Richard M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractVestibular schwannoma occurs both as a sporadic tumour and in the dominantly inherited familial cancer syndrome neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). The gene for NF2 has recently beenisolated on chromosome 22, and the demonstration of inactivating germline mutations in NF2 patients and NF2 associated tumours suggests that it acts as a tumour suppressor. The results of recent research in Cambridge suggest that somatic mutations of the NF2 tumour suppressor gene are a critical step in the pathogenesis of both familial and indeed non-familial unilateral sporadic vestibular schwannoma and that the mechanism of tumourigenesis complies with the ‘two-hit’ model. This paper represents a brief review of the current status of molecular biology in relation to vestibular schwannoma in particular and is discussed in relation to the molecular pathology of skull base tumours as a whole.
Cochlear implant extrusion in a young child — a preventative procedure
Authors: Harrison H. C. , Gibson W. P. R. , Thompson P. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA Cochlear Mini System 22 Channel cochlear implant extruded through the skin of a young girl. The implant was saved by use of a transposition flap. Extrusion appeared to be due to pressure necrosis from the implant on the overlying tissues. It is believed that this problem can be prevented by angulation of the implant before insertion so that it conforms to the curvature of the skull, so avoiding pressure on the tissues. The method of angulation is described.
Nasendoscopy guided removal of fish bones from the base of tongue and the vallecula
Authors: Koay C. B. , Herdman R. C. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractImpaction of a fish bone at the base of tongue or the vallecula is a very common problem. Removal of the bone from these sites without a general anaesthesia can be challenging to surgeons and patients alike. Various manoeuvres to facilitate this procedure have been described, some are very successful but may require specialized instruments, while others may cause excessive discomfort to the patients and even inadvertent dislodgement of the bone. We describe a method using a flexible fibreoptic nasendoscope to provide a visual guide in order to facilitate peroral removal of the bone with a pair of forceps. This method is well tolerated by patients and avoids the need for a general anaesthesia in many cases.
Arrangement and number of intralaryngeal ganglia and ganglionic neurons: comparative study of five species of mammals
Authors: Shimazaki Takatsugu , Yoshida Yoshikazu , Hirano Minoru 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe arrangement and number of intralaryngeal ganglia and their neurons in five mammals (dog, rat, guinea pig, rabbit and cat) were examined morphologically. Intralaryngeal ganglions were situated mainly in branches of the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (Int-SLN), dorsal and/or dorsolateral to the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, and around the inferior laryngeal nerve in dogs, rats, guinea pigs and cats, but they were identified at the branching out point ofthe Int-SLN exclusively in rabbits. The ganglion of each animal was spindle-shaped, with a surrounding fibrous capsule, and it contained many ganglionic neurons, vessels and connective tissue cells. The ganglionic neuron was oval-shaped and had a round nucleus: the diameter was smaller (20–25 μm) in the rat than in the other mammals (25–30 μm). More than 80 percent of ganglionic neurons occurred in the supraglottis of all the animals except the rat. In the rat, this value was approximately 40 percent.
Lemierre syndrome – a forgotten complication of acute tonsillitis
Authors: Koay C. B. , Heyworth T. , Burden P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLemierre syndrome, also known as postanginal sepsis, is an illness characterized by the development of a fusobacterial septicaemia with multiple metastatic foci following an attack of acute tonsillitis. It typically affects previously healthy adolescents and young adults who, following an attack of sore throat, become acutely ill with hyperpyrexia, rigors and multiple metastatic abscesses. The clinical picture tends to vary widely because of the possible involvement of a number of body systems and organs in the disease process. This serious complication of oropharyngeal sepsis had a mortality rate in excess of 90 percent in the pre-antibiotic era. Although now rarely seen and often forgotten, it remains a potentially life-threatening condition. We present four cases of post-tonsillitis fusobacterial septicaemia to illustrate the variability of the clinical presentation and stormy clinical course frequently associated with this rare syndrome.
Ectopic salivary gland in the posterior triangle of the neck
Authors: Marshall J. N. , Soo G. , Coakley F. V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEctopic cervical salivary tissue may present as a discharging sinus if a duct system and cutaneous orifice are present. Where described in previous reports these openings have been located along the anterior border of sternomastoid or in the anterior triangle, making this a differential diagnosis of a branchial sinus. We report on a patient who presented with an ectopic salivary gland in the posterior triangle of the neck.
Seeding of a parotid pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Commins D. J. , Roberts D. , Fisher C. , Breach N. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractRecurrent pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid usually occurs in the distribution of the primary procedure. There are numerous reports of widespread local recurrence and a few reported cases of distant metastases. Extensive seeding throughout the entire ipsilateral neck is rare. Treatment involves a combination of radical surgery and radiotherapy. The potential for malignant transformation demands close follow-up of younger patients particularly.
Osteoplastic changes in attic cholesteatoma
Authors: Hoshino Tomoyuki , Ishizaki Hisayoshi , Iwasaki Satoshi , Sakai Takeo 
Published: November 2007

AbstractEighty-nine cases of attic type cholesteatoma were operated on during a three and a half-year period. Of these, eight cases were characterized by bony tissue proliferation at the aditus ad antrum or mastoid antrum. Sex, age, and hearing levels were not significant in these cases. Bony fixation of the incus and the malleus was seen in six cases. Bony tissue blocked further expansion of attic cholesteatoma at the aditus in four cases, narrowed the epithelial tract to the antrum in two cases, and completely separated the cholesteatoma into two cholesteatomas in two cases. Infectious stimuli, at an early stage of the disease, might stimulate such osteoplastic activity at the aditus. Axial CT scans give useful information regarding structure before surgery.
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the external auditory canal in an HIV-positive patient
Authors: kieserman Stefan P. , Finn Douglas G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis is a case report of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the external auditory canal, and infratemporal fossa, which presented with multiple cranial nerve palsies. The diagnosis was achieved via biopsy of tissue from the external auditory canal, and treatment with radiation therapy led to improvement of the symptoms. The management of AIDS-related lymphoma of the skull base with cranial neuropathies is reviewed.
Lymphoma and Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Fenton J. E. , Stack J. , Kelly P. , O'Dwyer T. P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDevelopment of malignant lymphoma in Hashimoto's thyroiditis is well documented. A case of tracheal invasion by a lymphoma which accompanied Hashimoto's disease is described. The clinical and diagnostic difficulties which were encountered are presented. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings which have not been reported previously are outlined.
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation
Authors: Panayiotides J. G. , Arapantoni-Dadioti P. , Banis C. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of supraglottic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation in a 68-year-old Caucasian male is described. A right cervical lymph node metastasis, excised during the laryngectomy operation, consisted exclusively of squamous cells. Despite intensive post-operative chemotherapy. the patient developed metastatic foci in the left cervical area and left pulmonary hilus and died seven months later. This is the second case report of a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation in the literature.
A new incision for placement of cochlear implants
Authors: Gibson W. P. R , Harrison H. C. , Prowse C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA straight, vertical post-aural incision for the ‘Cochlear’ multichannel cochlear implants has been evaluated in 52 patients (20 adults and 32 children). Nineteen of the children were under three years of age and five of these were under two years of age.The 7cm long incision is placed approximately 3 mm behind the post-auricular crease and runs from the tip of the mastoid to a point 3 cm above the superior attachment of the pinna. The incision heals within several days.Because the incision is straight interruption of the blood supply to the flaps raised is the least possible. This also minimizes the possiblity of scalp necrosis and impaltn exrusion. The likelihood of infection is reduced by the small size of the incision, minimal soft tissue dissection and small amount of dead space. Rapid healing has occurred in all cases despite infection in one.
Recurrent cervical abscess due to piriform sinus fistula
Authors: Yamashita Hiroshi , Noguchi Takaaki , Takahashi Masahiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of recurrent abscess on the left anterior neck due to a left piriform sinus fistula is presented. It is known that a piriform sinus fistula may cause acute suppurative thyroiditis, and also that it induces the recurrent anterior cervical abscess described in this case. Here, we suggest that barium swallow is an important aid to diagnosis cases of recurrent cervical abscess.
Tympanosclerosis and mini grommets: the relevance of grommet design
Authors: Dingle Ann F. , Flood Liam M. , Kumar B. Udhi , Newcombe Robert C. , Stat C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFifty children with otitis media with effusion undergoing grommet insertion had into one ear a Minititanium grommet inserted and into the other ear a Mini-teflon grommet. Post-operative follow-up until after extrusion of the grommets demonstrated only a small difference between the extrusion times of the two grommets (a significant difference of 41 days) and no difference in the degree of tympanosclerosis seen with each grommet. We propose that the mass of a grommet appears to play less of a role than has previously been suggested in the pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis following grommet insertion and that duration of intubation may be the most significant factor.
The use of a CT scan to predict the feasibility of decompression of the first segment of the facial nerve via the transattical approach
Authors: Pellicer M. , Quesada P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTotal surgical decompression of the facial nerve can be offered to patients severely affected by Bell's palsy whether via the transattical or middle fossa approach. We prefer, when feasible, the transattical approach because it does not violate the cranial vault. The purpose of this study was to find the anatomical parameter of the temporal bone, measured by means of computed tomography (CT scan) and to decide which of these approaches should be offered. Sixty temporal bones were studied by CT scan, and then dissected in order to perform total facial nerve decompression via the transattical approach. Correlation between the two studies was established. Results suggest that measurement by CT scan of the attical area in the axial plane (AAA) may determine those patients for whom the transattical approach to facial nerve decompression should be undertaken.
Sinogenic intracranial complications
Authors: Singh Bharath , Dellen James Van , Ramjettan Shanil , Maharaj Tejprakash J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo hundred and nineteen patients, with intracranial complications of sinusitis, are presented. Sinusitis is still a life-threatening condition and if neglected, or mismanaged, can lead to intracranial complications that result in a high mortality and morbidity.Twenty-two patients had meningitis, 127 subdural empyema, 38 brain abscess, 15 combined brain abscess and subdural empyema and 17 extradural empyema. The diagnosis of intracranial abscess and sinusitis was made with the aid of a CT scan, and that of meningitis on cerebrospinal fluid microscopy, chemistry and culture. The most frequent presenting signs were fever (68 per cent) and headache (54 per cent). The most common localizing neurological sign was hemiparesis (35.5 per cent). Orbital inflammation was present in 41.5 per cent of patients.Treatment entailed immediate, appropriate, intravenous antibiotic therapy and prompt surgery, performed within 12 hours of admission. In patients with meningitis, the surgery entailed surgery of the sinus disease only. In patients with subdural empyema, brain abscess and extradural empyema, evacuation of the primary source of infection by the radical frontoethmoidectomy approach, immediately after drainage of the intracranial collection of pus, was carried out.There were 35 deaths (16 per cent). The highest mortality rate was recorded in patients with meningitis (45 per cent) followed by brain abscess (19 per cent) and subdural empyema (11 per cent). Despite advances in medicine, i.e. antibiotics and CT scan for early and accurate diagnosis, the mortality from sinogenic intracranial complications has remained significant. This can only be eliminated through education. This paper emphasizes to younger generations of otolaryngologists and primary care physicians that sinusitis is a serious disease and there is no place for delay or complacency when managing such patients.