bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanics Of Rhombic Flap*
Authors: Chandra Dr. Ramesh , Singh Dr. Arun Kumar 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAn attempt has been made to understand Limberg's design of rhombic flap by use of paper models and, on canine skin, where vector forces have been studied. Trignometric analysis has also been done.Alexander A. Limberg has worked extensively on skin flaps, His work on ‘Z’ plasty is monumental, While working on plastic interchange of triangular flaps he devised a rhombic flap, later, which was popularised by his name.rhombus is a paralielogram with equal sides, and equal opposite angles.1 Adjacent angles sum 180 degrees. Limberg's flap is applicable for such rhombic defects. To constructthe flap, short diagonal of defect is extended in one direction by its length. Third side of the flap is created from the end of this line, parallel and equal to one of the adjacent sides of the defect. Whole flap is elevated and transposed into the defect (Fig. 1).The study aims at attaining better understanding biomechanics of Limberg's flap, so that it can be optimally utilised in clinical situations, It involves making models of flap on sponge and paper. Rhombic defects are created on animal skin and Limberg's flap was used to resurface it. Study of vectors was done while transposing the flap. Finally, theoretical basis of flap design has been dealt with.
RECONSTRUCTION OF SUBSTANTIAL EYELID DEFECT
Authors: GUPTA R. L. , MINHAS S. S. , NEGI S. C. 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYSixteen cases of eyelid tumour excision and reconstruction are received. The skin flaps from cheek, nasolabial and forehead regions were used. The skeletal support was given by composite chondromucosal nasal septum graft. Mustarde cheek rotation technique and fricke flap were found to give satisfactory functional and cosmetic results. None of the structures of upper eye1id were used for lower eyelid, for the fear of distortion of the functionally important upper eyelid.
PALATOPLASTY FOR HORSE SHOE CLEFTS THE MEDIAN PALATAL MUCOPERIOSTEAL FLAP TECHNIQUE
Authors: APPUKUTTAN P. K. , RAMAN M. V. , PADMAKUMAR G. 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYA new technique of palatoplasty in horse-shoe clefts in 11 cases is presented. A Median mucoperiosteal flap has been used to minimise tension on the nasal layer. As a result of this fistula formation has never occurred. Adequate retropositioning could not be obtained in one case out of the 11 cases in the present series.
DISTAL OEDEMA FOLLOWING CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN LOSS OF LEGS
Authors: Sawhney Chander Parkash 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYOedema distal to circumferential skin loss of leg even after skin coverage is very disabling. 12 cases of circumferential skin loss of leg at various levels have been studied. RI131 HSA clearance and NaI131 clearance studies has been carried out in all cases immedialely after skin coverage and at follow up, 6 months to 2 years laler. Venography and lymphangiogmphy were done whether indicated. Lymphatic obstruction was a conslant finding in all patients, irrespective of the site involvement. Venous obstruction is evident only in those with involvement of lower third or whole of the leg or when there is associated deep vein thrombosis. Wearing of continuous external elastic support during ambulation or use of full thickness skin flap bridging the area of skin loss keeps oedema under control.
IMMEDIATE RECONSTRUCTION OF CHEEK AND MANDIBI USING CERVICO-PECTORAL FLAP AND RIB GRAFT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: KASHALIKAR J. J. 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYAn operation for one stage excision and radical neck dissection for carcinoma cheek and immediate reconstruction using cervico-pectoral rotation flap, rib graft and split skin graft is described and its advantages are discussed.
TENSOR FASCIA LATA CROSS THIGH MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP FOR HEEL RESURFACING
Authors: SAHAI RAHUL 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYHeel resurfacing by cross thigh Tensor Facia Lata myocutaneous flap successfully performed in three cases of extensive soft tissue defects has been pre rented.It's an excellent procedure for extensive defects of heel where local myocutaneous flaps from sole may fall short or where the posterior tibial vessels are damaged. It is also a good alternative for heel reconstruction where microsurgical facilities for free flap transfer are not available.
SUGARCANE CRUSHING MACHINE INJURIES-MECHANISM OF INJURY, CLASSIFICATION & MANAGEMENT
Authors: Rajput R J , Daver B M 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYSugarcane crushing machine injuries are common throughout India. Based on the observation on 53 sugarcane machine injuries to the hand over a period of 2 years, the mechanism of injury has been elucidated. A classification has been proposed and treatment guidelines have been given.
SPEECH QUALITY AFTER GLOSSECTOMY
Authors: Vijaykumar D K , Sasidharan P , Cherian T , Rajshekar B 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYThis study is an attempt to assess speech disability following glossectomy and primary reconstruction in patients vvith locally advanced carcinoma tongue. Twenty nine patients vvho undcrvvent glossectomy involving removal of 50% or more of the tongue followed by reconstruction were assessed using screening articulation tests, standardized passages, word lists and conversation samples in Kannada and tvlalayalanl languages. Objective quantification of speech was carried out by assessing the tvvo psychoa-coustic parameters, intelligibility and acceptability of speech. Intelligibility was calculated in percentage as the number of words intelligible to the listener from a prepared word list. Acceptability was rated on a one to five scale by the speech pathologists. This study revealed that intelligibility and acceptability were not always directly proportional to the amount of tongue removed. The other factors found to influence the intelligibility were preservation of the mandible and timing of radiotherapy in relation to surgery. This score gives us an objective index to assess the functional outcome of surgery.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THERMAL BURNS IN ADULT FEMALES IN A BURNS UNIT OF MUMBAI
Authors: Bhaskara K G , Rana R E , Puri V 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYThis is a prospective study of 238 adult females of thermal burns admitted in the burns ward of KEM Hospital, Mumbai over a period of 16 months (from August 1997 to November 1998). Mean age was 25 years with a range of 12 to 70 years. Paediatric burns (below the age of of 12 years) were not included in the study. Flame burns accounted for 94.5% and scalds 5.4%. Majority were accidental (77.7%) followed by suicidal (21%) and homicidal (1.3%) burns. Over all mortality was 61.76%. TBSA of burns was the main factor influencing the survival.
PRIMARY CLOSURE OF PRESSURE ULCERS REVISITED
Authors: Kumar P , Bhaskara K G , Chittoria R 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYA total of 20 paraplegic patients with pressure ulcers under this study constituted of ten ischial, eight trochanteric and two sacral sorES. Basic principles of conservative management laid down were strictly followed. After excision of the ulcers, the wounds were primarily closed. Maximum size of the pressure ulcer under this study was 10 × 8 cm.Five patients lost to follow up. Remaining fifteen patients were followed for 6 months to 5 years, and in one patient recurrence was noticed. The most common complication noticed during the study was infection (20%) followed by partial wound dehisence (15%). Recurrence was noticed in one case.
Effect of Topical Atropine on Wound Contraction in Swiss Albino Mice : A preliminary report
Authors: Kumar P , Jagetia G C 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYThe influence of topical application of atropine ointment was studied in artificially wounded Swiss albino mice. Full thickness excision wounds were made surgically on the dorsum of mice. One mm thick layer of atropine ointment was applied topically on the whole area of wound daily, till the healing of wound. The topical application of atropine ointment significantly delayed the contraction of wound in the atropine treated group when compared with the untreated controls. There was a significant delay in the mean wound healing time (HTM) in the atropine treated group when compared to untreated control group.
Mandibular Splint: Correction of Jaw Deviation following Hemimandibulectomy
Authors: Karna R K , Vijaykumar D K , Kanade R V , Cherian T 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYNineteen patients who underwent hemimandibulectomy with PMMC flap reconstruction as a part of the treatment for residual or recurrent oral cancer following radical radiotherapy participated in the study. Sixty eight percent of the patients vv-ere edentulous. The parameters measured during follow-up included the degree of correction of deviation, cosmetic appearance & patient satisfaction. Complete correction of jaw deviation was achieved in eight patients. In five patients, the deviation was partially corrected but the patients were not satisfied with the cosmetic appearance. In one case no change was observed. The mandibular splint was found to be a useful tool for the correction of jaw deviation following hemimandibulectomy, especially in edentulous patients.
Median Cleft of Lower Lip and Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Tiwari V K , Pande S 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYA rare case of complete midline mandibular cleft involving lower lip, floor of mouth, base of tongue and anterior neck is being reported after satisfactory completion of first stage of reconstruction. Repair included the management of ankyloglossia by separation of tip of tongue from the floor of mouth and closure by mucosal flap from cleft site and repair of cleft lip and soft tissue of chin and neck by Z-plasty.
Anthropometry: Lip - Nose Complex
Authors: Prasad N N , Reddy D VR 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYFive hundred normal individuals of different age groups from Andra Pradesh (India) were included in the present study. Various dimentions of the lip-nose complex was measured. The results were compared wiill tllat oft~ egroes, Caucasians a..~d Chinese. In the population under study lip-nose complex measurements closely resemble Chinese lip-nose complex measurements in all dimensions except in columellar height, which resembles Caucasians.
Giant Cementifying Fibroma: A Case Report
Authors: Mohan A RC , Alikhan M , Reddy D VR 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYAlthough the literature contains numerous reports on ossifYing and cementifYing fibromas, only 4 cases of multiple occurrence of this lesion were reported. A case giant cementifying fibroma of both maxillae and both sides of mandible is reported because of its multiple site involvemen t and recurrence. Aetiology, clinical features, management are discussed.
Subaxillary Flap for Large Elbow Defects : Case Reports and Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar P , Nainani S 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYCoverage oflarge soft tissue defects around the elbow is a difficult problem. Available literature on various pedicled Haps for elbow defects was reviewed. Two cases are being reported, where subaxillalY flap was used to replace the extensive scar, around the elbow. In the first case, the scar was situated over the flexor aspect of the elbow and in the other case, it was over the extensor aspect of the elbow. No flap necrosis was seen in either of the cases. The flaps were non-bulky, non-hairy and the colour match was excellent. The position of immobilization was well tolerated by the patient. We feel that, ipsilateral subaxillary flap is an ideal choice among various pedicled flaps for extensive elbow defects.
Closure of Large Pressure Ulcers utilizing the Principles of Limberg flap
Authors: Kumar P , Bhaskara K G 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYA prospective study of 17 patients (21 Limberg flaps in 19 pressure ulcers) was done to establish the efficacy of Limberg flap.. Limberg flaps were used in only those cases where primary closure was not possible. This flap was found to be simple to execute and short-term results were satisfactory. Also, it spares underlying muscles for future use. None of the flaps showed necrosis. Partial wound dehiscence was noticed in 7 (33.33%) cases, which was managed by secondary suturing in four cases, by split skin graft in one case and by second Limberg flap in one case.
Surgical Management of Grossly Protruded Bulky Premaxilla : A Case Report
Authors: Kumar P , Thomas P C , Bhaskara K G 
Published: March 2024

SUMMARYManagement of protruding premaxilla is an important aspect of treatment of bilateral cleft lip. Surgical setback, which is considered as the last option in the management of grossly protruded premaxilla has an important role to play in selected cases. The present case had a grossly protruded, bulky premaxilla, which remained protruded even after 3 year following bilateral cleft lip repair. After failure to achieve expansion of maxillary arches by prosthodontic treatment for six month, patient was taken up for surgical setback. In view of the gross disparity between size of the protruding premaxilla and anterior gap between maxillary arches, conventional setback procedure would not have been possible and hence the patient underwent a bulk reduction procedure of premaxilla followed by the setback procedure. At the end of 6 weeks after surgery the premaxilla was stable.
Preparation of Plaster Moulage (Cast) in Plastic Surgery patients
Authors: Rana Roshani E. , Puri Vinita A. , Aiyer Purnima M. , Baliarsing Amresh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to describe the technique of making casts using alginate compound for negative and dental stone plaster for positive impressions. With certain modifications a cast could be made of any part of the body and one can make a museum of interesting cases. Casts serve as useful teaching material especially in cleft lip and palate patients to study the effect of surgery on growth and development of the cleft lip-palate-nose complex in relation to the remaining face. It also helps in planning reconstruction in cases of facia! defects, recording serial changes in multistage surgery, pre-operative and post-operative comparison as in rhinoplasty, ear reconstruction, hand etc; for comparing results before and after treatment in keloid and hypertrophic scars, fabrication of implants and preparation of prosthesis. In spite of newer modalities like 3-D imaging and stereolithography, the usefulness of this old technique in certain interesting cases can not be denied.
Insurance Status Predicts Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Thomas Jeremiah , Anil Utkarsh , Schmicker Thomas , Lin Charles C. , Aggarwal Vinay K. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most severe complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA), and identifying factors associated with PJI is vital for preoperative risk stratification. The aim of this study was to compare risk of PJI after THA across insurance payers using a statewide health data registry. A retrospective review was conducted querying the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System for all patients undergoing elective unilateral primary THA using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 procedure codes. Patients were stratified into groups based on their insurance provider as private payer, Medicare, Medicaid, or worker's compensation. Demographics, hospital clinical data, complications, PJI rates, and mortality rates were collected. PJI rates were significantly different between groups at both 3 (p < 0.001) and 12 months (p < 0.001) postoperatively, highest at both time points in the Medicaid group (3 months: 1.3%; 12 months: 1.8%). Log-rank test demonstrated increased cumulative PJI rates in the worker's compensation and Medicaid groups up to 108 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression, adjusted for demographics, found that Medicaid insurance was associated with 1.4 times increased risk for PJI relative to Medicare (hazard ratio:1.39; 95% confidence interval [1.19, 1.62]; p < 0.001). These results suggest patients undergoing THA covered by Medicaid are at increased risk for PJI compared with patients covered by other insurance payers. Surgeons should recognize this patient population is at an increased risk for PJI, and compensation policies for treating patients covered by Medicaid should reflect the increased complication rate associated with this population.
Innovation dynamics within the entrepreneurial ecosystem: a content analysis-based literature review
Authors: Kumar Rishi Kant , Pasumarti Srinivas Subbarao , Figueiredo Ronnie Joshe , Singh Rana , Rana Sachi , Kumar Kumod , Kumar Prashant 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEntrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) delineate concepts from varied streams of literature originating from multiple stakeholders and are diagnosed by different levels of analysis. Taking up a sample of 392 articles, this study examines how innovation fosters the emergence of self-operative and self-corrective entrepreneurial ecosystems in the wake of automatic market disruptions. It also finds that measures lending vitality and sustainability to economic systems across the world through a mediating role played by governments, along with synergies exhibited by academia and “visionpreneurs” at large, give rise to aspiring entrepreneurs. The study also aligns past practices with trending technologies to enrich job markets and strengthen entrepreneurial networks through spillover and speciation. The research offers valuable insights into entrepreneurial ecosystems’ practical policy implications and self-regulating mechanisms, and it suggests that governments overseeing these entrepreneurial ecosystems should identify and nurture the existing strengths within them. Additionally, entrepreneurial ecosystems can benefit from government support through subsidies and incentives to encourage growth. In collaboration with university research, specialized incubation centers can play a pivotal role in creating new infrastructures that foster current and future entrepreneurial development.
New evidence for prehistoric ploughing in Europe
Authors: van Willigen Samuel , Ozainne Sylvain , Guélat Michel , Haller Anne-Lyse Gentizon , Haller Marc 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor the past four decades, the ‘Secondary Products Revolution’ model, i.e., the exploitation of animal resources that do not involve killing the animal, such as the production of milk and wool and the use of animals for physical labour has been the object of heated discussion between Neolithic scholars. According to this model, the use of animal strength arrived relatively late in Europe—during the socio-economic changes of the Late Neolithic in the 4th millennium BCE. Plough marks are the most convincing direct evidence of the use of animal traction. However, few are preserved making them relatively rare throughout Europe and dating them is difficult and often imprecise. Recent research at the Anciens Arsenaux site in Sion, Valais, Switzerland has revealed the presence of the oldest known plough marks in Europe, dating from the beginning of the 5th millennium BCE. They bear witness to the use of animal traction quite soon after the establishment of an agro-pastoral economy in the Alpine region. This is corroborated by recent archaeozoological studies and suggests that this important innovation could already be part of the Neolithic package introduced into Europe during the 6th millennium BCE.
Near- to mid-IR spectral purity transfer with a tunable frequency comb: Methanol frequency metrology over a 1.4 GHz span
Authors: Tran D. B. A. , Lopez O. , Manceau M. , Goncharov A. , Abgrall M. , Alvarez-Martinez H. , Le Targat R. , Cantin E. , Pottie P.-E. , Amy-Klein A. , Darquié B. 
Published: March 2024

We report the upgrade and operation of a frequency-comb-assisted high-resolution mid-infrared molecular spectrometer, allowing us to combine high spectral purity, International System of Units (SI)-traceability, wide tunability, and high sensitivity. An optical frequency comb is used to transfer the spectral purity of a SI-traceable 1.54 μm metrology-grade frequency reference to a 10.3 μm quantum cascade laser (QCL). The near-infrared reference is operated at the French time/frequency metrology institute, calibrated there to primary frequency standards, and transferred to Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers via the REFIMEVE fiber network. The QCL exhibits a linewidth of δν ∼ 0.1 Hz and a sub-10−15 relative frequency stability from 0.1 to 10 s, and its frequency is traceable to the SI with a total relative uncertainty better than 4 × 10−14 after 1 s averaging time. We have developed the instrumentation allowing comb modes to be continuously tuned over 9 GHz, resulting in a QCL of record spectral purity uninterruptedly tunable at the precision of the reference over an unprecedented span of Δν = 1.4 GHz. We have used our apparatus to conduct sub-Doppler spectroscopy of methanol in a multi-pass cell, demonstrating state-of-the-art frequency uncertainties down to the few kilohertz level (∼10−10 in relative value). We have observed weak intensity resonances unreported so far, resolved subtle doublets never seen before, and brought to light discrepancies with HITRAN. This demonstrates the potential of our apparatus for probing subtle internal molecular processes, building accurate spectroscopic models of polyatomic molecules of atmospheric or astrophysical interest, and carrying out precise spectroscopic tests of fundamental physics.
Azimuthally extreme-ultraviolet focal splitter by modified spiral photon sieves
Authors: Shen Yujie , Zheng Yuni , Cui Huaiyu , Zhao Dongdi , An Bo , Miao Saiyao , Zhang Junyong , Zhao Yongpeng 
Published: March 2024

Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) radiation is a short-wavelength light source that has important applications in many fields, such as optical communication, particle manipulation, and ultrahigh resolution imaging. However, the highly absorptive nature of EUV light makes it challenging to design suitable focusing optics, such as focal splitters, to properly manipulate the energetic light. Here, we propose modified spiral photon sieves to transform EUV laser light into azimuthally splitting focusing. A genetic algorithm was used to design and optimize the azimuthally focal splitters. A capillary discharge EUV laser at 46.9 nm was used to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method, and PMMA targets were used to record the focused laser spot. The profile of the recorded patterns measured by atomic force microscopy shows that the focal spots in the experiment are diffraction-limited and agreed with the theoretical analysis. The proposed technique provides a new way for manipulating EUV light and further extends the applications ranging from EUV to soft x rays.
In situ cell for grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction on thin films in thermal catalysis
Authors: Thum Lukas , Arztmann Manuela , Zizak Ivo , Grüneberger René , Steigert Alexander , Grimm Nico , Wallacher Dirk , Schlatmann Rutger , Amkreutz Daniel , Gili Albert 
Published: March 2024

A cell for synchrotron-based grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction at ambient pressures and moderate temperatures in a controlled gas atmosphere is presented. The cell is suited for the in situ study of thin film samples under catalytically relevant conditions. To some extent, in addition to diffraction, the cell can be simultaneously applied for x-ray reflectometry and fluorescence studies. Different domes enclosing the sample have been studied and selected to ensure minimum contribution to the diffraction patterns. The applicability of the cell is demonstrated using synchrotron radiation by monitoring structural changes of a 3 nm Pd thin film upon interaction with gas-phase hydrogen and during acetylene semihydrogenation at 150 °C. The cell allows investigation of very thin films under catalytically relevant conditions.