bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP DEBITUR GADAI EMAS DI ACEH
Authors: Nansadiqa Lisa 
Published: February 2025

This research was conducted to analyze and see how the law complies with the concept of gold pawn financing at bank syariah Indonesia Region l Aceh. In the statutory regulations,the sales process and remaining sales of gold pawn financing collateral objects as well as form of legal protection for gold pawn debtors at bank syariah indonesia Region l Aceh when the price of gold decreases at the time of execution of the pawn object. The analytical method used in this research is empirical normative research, using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach and qualitative analysis. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of the gold pawn financing law at Bank syariah Indonesia is in accordance with the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council Number 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 concerning Gold Rahn and the DSN MUI Fatwa Number 25/DSN MUI/III/2002 Concerning Rahn; the practice of pledging gold at Bank Syariah Indonesia in Region I Aceh is carried out based on the standard Operating Procedures applicable to the bank with are then listed on the Gold Pawn Proof Letter (SBGE). However, regarding the method of selling gold pawned objects in BSI Region I Aceh, it is not in accordance with the DSN MUI Fatwa, where the practice of selling pawned objects in BSI Region I Aceh is carried out through sales to gold shops, while the DSN MUI Fatwa regulates the process of selling pawned objects through an auction process. Sharia however, it does not directly violate elements of sharia because it does not violate either.
Vehicle CO2 Emission Predictive Analytics Using HistGradientBoosting Regression Algorithms
Authors: Al Qohar Bagus , Dullah Ahmad Ubai , Utami Putri , Unjung Jumanto 
Published: February 2025

Vehicle CO2 emissions are a significant contributor to climate change, so research on this subject is needed. Strong prediction models and data analysis techniques are required to obtain accurate results. This research aims to analyze and predict vehicle CO2 emissions using machine learning algorithms. Given its efficiency in handling large datasets, the HistGradientBoosting Regression algorithm was selected for predicting vehicle CO2 emissions. The process commenced with meticulous data preparation, which involved cleaning and feature engineering. Key factors such as engine size, fuel economy, and vehicle weight were analyzed to gain insights into their impact on emissions. The study utilized a dataset comprising vehicle specifications and emissions, training and testing the HistGradientBoosting. The model's performance was evaluated using metrics like Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and the Coefficient of Determination (R²). The findings indicate that this approach effectively identifies significant factors influencing emissions while achieving impressive prediction accuracy. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and manufacturers aiming to develop low-emission vehicles and promote sustainable transportation initiatives. The paper highlights the capability of machine learning to address environmental challenges.
Tacitus, Ann. 4.27.1 und der cursus publicus auf der Adria
Authors: Eck Werner 
Published: February 2025

Das System der sogenannten vehiculatio wurde bereits von Augustus geschaffen. Es diente dazu, vornehmlich die Verbindung zwischen Rom und den beherrschten Regionen auf systematische Weise entlang der Hauptstraßen in Italien und den Provinzen zu sichern. Vielleicht wurde auch die Leitung bereits durch Augustus dem praefectus vehiculorum übertragen. Doch wurde bereits durch den ersten Princeps gesichert, dass auch auf dem Seeweg Menschen und Nachrichten regelmäßig befördert werden konnten. Das geschah offensichtlich durch Schiffe der Flotten von Ravenna und Misenum, wie sich einer Nachricht bei Tacitus in Annales 4, 27 zum Jahr 24 n.Chr. entnehmen lässt.

The system of the so-called vehiculatio was already created by Augustus. Its main purpose was to secure the communication between Rome and the different regions of the Imperium Romanum in a systematic way along the main roads in Italy and the provinces. Perhaps the management was already assigned by Augustus to the praefectus vehiculorum. But the first princeps created also a system that people and news could be regularly transported by sea, especially to the East and to Africa. This was obviously carried out by ships of the fleets of Ravenna and Misenum, as can be inferred from a statement of Tacitus in Annales 4, 27 in 24 AD.
Crossing the Rubicon, and Other Dramas
Authors: Wiseman T.P. 
Published: February 2025

Two passages in historical texts – Suetonius Diuus Iulius 32, on Caesar’s crossing of the Rubicon, and Plutarch Gaius Gracchus 14.4-16.5, on Gracchus’ departure from home on the day of his death – are best understood as prose transcriptions of scenes performed on stage. This article defends the hypothesis of Karl Meiser in 1887, that the plots of Roman historical dramas can sometimes be detected in such texts, and that the practice illuminates Thucydides’ observation (1.21.1) of how events ‘win over into the mythical’.
Phaedra’s Shining Roses: Reading Euripides in Sixth-Century Gaza
Authors: Ciccolella Federica 
Published: February 2025

: In this contribution, I re-examine Xenophon’s negative portrayal of Critias in the Hellenica as a brutal and violent thug. The extant fragments from his once-extensive oeuvre, however, suggest that the historical Critias advocated an elite “counterculture” aimed at reintroducing the traditionally conservative virtues of moderation and good order into contemporary politics in Athens, which he viewed as corrupt and enervating thanks to the corrosive influence of the radical democracy. By attributing the bloody reign of terror of the Thirty as a whole to the desire for personal aggrandizement of its best-known member, Xenophon effectively removes any theoretical or ideological underpinnings from its government, turning it instead into a stereotypical tyranny, thereby opening the door to oligarchic government in Athens in the future.
Social Banditry? Galilean Banditry from Herod until the Outbreak of the First Jewish Revolt
Authors: Blumell Lincoln 
Published: February 2025

Influenced by the work of twentieth-century social historian Eric Hobsbawm, certain quarters of scholarship view Galilean brigandage as a classic example of “Social Banditry.” That is, Galilean banditry essentially operated as a kind of prepolitical and nonorganized form of rural protest against injustice and foreign occupation whereby bandits primarily functioned to right the wrongs inflicted upon the peasantry by the ruling classes. While this view may be tidy, and even attractive, it belies the actual nature and situation of Galilean brigandage at the turn of the Common Era. This paper hopes to redress the question of Galilean banditry by not only critiquing this characterization but also by offering a more nuanced analysis of the phenomenon.
Critias in Xenophon’s Hellenica
Authors: Pownall Frances 
Published: February 2025

In this contribution, I re-examine Xenophon’s negative portrayal of Critias in the Hellenica as a brutal and violent thug. The extant fragments from his once-extensive oeuvre, however, suggest that the historical Critias advocated an elite “counterculture” aimed at reintroducing the traditionally conservative virtues of moderation and good order into contemporary politics in Athens, which he viewed as corrupt and enervating thanks to the corrosive influence of the radical democracy. By attributing the bloody reign of terror of the Thirty as a whole to the desire for personal aggrandizement of its best-known member, Xenophon effectively removes any theoretical or ideological underpinnings from its government, turning it instead into a stereotypical tyranny, thereby opening the door to oligarchic government in Athens in the future.
Adjektiv φριξός und die Nikander-Überlieferung Theriaka 777-9
Authors: Höfler Stefan 
Published: February 2025

The topic of this paper is a novel analysis of the adjective φριξός along with a discussion of the textual transmission of Nicander's Theriaca, lines 777-779. I will argue on philological and linguistic grounds that a varia lectio φρῖκος, attested in three manuscripts, deserves to be acknowledged as the lectio difficilior vis-à-vis the commonly preferred φρῖκας, and that it represents a neuter s-stem with a meaning ‘stinger’. This noun can be interpreted as the continuant of Proto-Indo-European *bhriHk-os ‘pointed thing’ which is probably also attested in Welsh brig ‘summit, tree-tops’. This s-stem served as the derivational base of the adjective *bhriHk-s-ó- ‘making onself pointed’ preserved in Greek φριξός ‘standing on end, bristling’, which thus reflects an archaic Proto-Indo-European word-formation type.
Occupational Hazards and Environmental Consequences of Sandstone Mining: A Case Study from Soorsagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Authors: Saha Bikas 
Published: February 2025

Mining plays a crucial role in the economic growth and supports national development. However, it also raises significant concerns due to its environmental impact and health risks, particularly in the nearby areas. In India’s sandstone mines, both mechanical and manual methods are employed. Mining operations rely heavily on equipment such as trucks, dumpers, compressors, drills for blasting, and cranes for lifting heavy blocks. These activities generate large amounts of dust containing high levels of silica, which poses severe health risks. Prolonged inhalation of silica dust can lead to silicosis, a preventable but serious disease characterized by dyspnoea (shortness of breath) and persistent cough, and is sometimes associated with lung cancer and tuberculosis. Silicosis is one of the most common occupational diseases globally and has a significant impact on workers' health in developing countries like India. The use of heavy machinery and vehicles also creates high levels of noise and vibration in the surrounding. Prolonged exposure to noise can result in occupational hearing loss due to neurosensory deafness. Additionally, continuous exposure to whole-body vibrations leads to degenerative spinal conditions, including chronic back pain. Although stone quarrying near Soorsagar, Jodhpur, contributes to both the rural and national economies, its environmental consequences are considerable. Unplanned and haphazard quarrying has resulted in environmental degradation, and unauthorized mining activities have further worsened the local ecological balance.

Even though stone quarrying near Soorsagar, Jodhpur benefits both the rural and national economies, its detrimental effects on the local ecology cannot be disregarded. Due to unplanned and haphazard quarrying in Soorsagar area of Jodhpur, the environment of the area is degrading. Moreover, due to the unverifiable mining, the local environment is badly affected.

Keywords: Sandstone quarrying, Environmental Pollution, Occupational Health Hazard, Silicosis, Dust pollution, Noise pollution.
Éthique et pratiques d’accompagnement en développement des communautés : regards sur l’expertise québécoise
Authors: Bourque Denis , Mercier Clément 
Published: February 2025

L’article s’appuie sur des résultats et analyses produits dans le cadre d’une recherche portant sur les dimensions de l’engagement et de la posture générale présentes dans l’expertise québécoise en matière d’intervention collective en soutien à l’action collective, réalisée à partir de récits biographiques de pratique. Il évoque des traits d’un idéal-type qui met en relief les dimensions praxéologiques et éthiques structurantes de cette expertise peu codifiée, non définie et encadrée comme profession, faisant appel à une grande diversité de formations et d’expériences, et réalisée dans une grande variété de milieux de vie, d’organisations et de domaines d’intervention. Il s’agirait d’une pratique marquée par une posture identitaire et éthique déployée dans un agir professionnel intégré « d’expert de processus » permettant de concilier les acquis personnels, les valeurs, les savoirs et les exigences des programmes et des employeurs et employeuses avec les besoins, les savoirs et les vécus des communautés et des acteurs collectifs accompagnés. Cette posture s’actualise à travers le développement d’un « style personnel » d’intervention amenant à exercer les fonctions avec une nette identité professionnelle personnalisée et affirmée, qui pourrait même avoir pu contribuer à influencer l’identité de l’organisation employeur, sinon parfois à la déterminer, sans qu’on y adhère comme à un ensemble normatif et prescriptif, comme des modèles « prêts à porter ». Cet agir professionnel commande un engagement dans un rapport intersubjectif qui devient l’infrastructure de la relation professionnelle.
Framing the Sky, Etching Clay: Walls of the Midwest
Authors: Erickson Kevin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe American Midwest with its own architectural histories and topologies may be termed a land of few walls. Architect Kevin Erickson examines Lebbeus Woods's relation to this landscape and the genesis of his preoccupation with walls, not as protectors of boundaries, but as sites of dialogue and collaboration. Rather than mere surfaces for large paintings, walls – new or abandoned – invite reflection on the relationship between art and architecture.
Attuned Rigour: Between Pictorial and Material Conditions
Authors: Eeckhout Riet 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLebbeus Woods's extraordinary proficiency and mastery in different media was matched by his steady and fast pace of exploration. Riet Eeckhout, a drawings researcher and drawer herself, who teaches at KU Leuven, ponders this dexterity. Her focus is on the rigour of Woods's early works produced in Mylar and pastels, and on the carefully delimited spatial vocabulary – agency obtained through the capacity of the drawing to function outside explicit representation.
Oxidized mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles for In Situ Chimeric Antigen Receptor Monocyte Engineering
Authors: Mukalel Alvin J. , Hamilton Alex G. , Billingsley Margaret M. , Li Jacqueline , Thatte Ajay S. , Han Xuexiang , Safford Hannah C. , Padilla Marshall S. , Papp Tyler , Parhiz Hamideh , Weissman Drew , Mitchell Michael J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) monocyte and macrophage therapies are promising solid tumor immunotherapies that can overcome the challenges facing conventional CAR T cell therapy. mRNA lipid nanoparticles (mRNA‐LNPs) offer a viable platform for in situ engineering of CAR monocytes with transient and tunable CAR expression to reduce off‐tumor toxicity and streamline cell manufacturing. However, identifying LNPs with monocyte tropism and intracellular delivery potency is difficult using traditional screening techniques. Here, ionizable lipid design and high‐throughput in vivo screening are utilized to identify a new class of oxidized LNPs with innate tropism and mRNA delivery to monocytes. A library of oxidized (oLNPs) and unoxidized LNPs (uLNPs) is synthesized to evaluate mRNA delivery to immune cells. oLNPs demonstrate notable differences in morphology, ionization energy, and pKa, thereby enhancing delivery to human macrophages, but not T cells. Subsequently, in vivo library screening with DNA barcodes identifies an oLNP formulation, C14‐O2, with innate tropism to monocytes. In a proof‐of‐concept study, the C14‐O2 LNP is used to engineer functional CD19‐CAR monocytes in situ for robust B cell aplasia (45%) in healthy mice. This work highlights the utility of oxidized LNPs as a promising platform for engineering CAR macrophages/monocytes for solid tumor CAR monocyte therapy.
Pressure Engineering on Perovskite Structures, Properties, and Devices
Authors: Wang Na , Zhang Shasha , Wang Shiheng , Yang Xiaodong , Guo Fengmin , Zhang Yiqiang , Gu Zhenkun , Song Yanlin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs a fundamental thermodynamic parameter, pressure serves as an effective tool to control the structures and properties of functional materials. To date, numerous pressure‐engineering methods have been introduced to enhance perovskite structures and devices. This paper comprehensively reviews the advances in understanding the effects of pressure on perovskite materials and devices, encompassing both low and high‐pressure influences. These effects are categorized into six distinct groups based on their underlying mechanisms, detailing the evolution of perovskite structures from macroscopic to microscopic levels, and exploring the interplay between these structures and their functional characteristics. Finally, the current challenges and offer insights into the future prospects for harnessing pressure effects to further develop perovskite structures, properties, and devices are assessed.
Surface Li+/Ni2+ Antisite Defects Construction for Achieving High‐Voltage Stable Single‐Crystal Ni‐Rich Cathode by Anion/Cation Co‐Doping
Authors: He Xinyou , Shen Jixue , Zhang Bao , Xiao Zhiming , Ye Long , Mao Qiuyun , Zhong Qifan , Ou Xing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNi‐rich cathode material possesses a considerable theoretical capacity, yet achieving their full capacity potential remains challenging. Elevating its operation voltage is an effective approach, while the stability of Ni‐rich cathode material is relatively poor, which is limited by Li+/Ni2+ mixing. Herein, a strategy of cation/anion co‐doping is proposed for single‐crystal ultrahigh‐nickel cathode LiNi0.92Co0.04Mn0.04O2 operated at 4.5 V. The enhancement mechanism is explicitly revealed by in situ/ex situ tests and theory calculations. Specifically, Mo6+ and F− are introduced to construct an appropriate Li+/Ni2+ antisite defects structure at the particle surface, which can maintain the low‐defect Li+ layered channel inside the bulk simultaneously, inducing a stable access portal for Li+ transport from the cathode/electrolyte interface. More importantly, the Li+/Ni2+ antisite passivation layer on the surface can uphold the stability of Li‐layer and optimize the reactive behavior of Ni2+, thus boosting the interfacial stability and reducing the lattice mismatch. As a result, it can achieve high capacity (204 mAh g−1 at 1 C) and stable retention during long‐term high‐voltage measurements both in half‐cell (87.1% after 200 cycles) and full‐cell (91.9% after 400 cycles). This facile strategy provides a feasible technical reference for further exploiting the ultrahigh‐capacity of Ni‐rich cathode for commercial application.
Wet‐Chemical Epitaxial Growth of Metastable‐Phase Intermetallic Electrocatalysts
Authors: Han Sumei , Sun Hao , Ma Chaoqun , Yun Qinbai , He Caihong , Ma Xiao , Zhang Huaifang , Feng Fukai , Meng Xiangmin , Xia Jing , Wang An‐Liang , Cao Wenbin , Lu Qipeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMetastable‐phase intermetallic compounds (IMCs) provide great flexibility to modify the electronic structure and surface coordination environment of metallic catalysts for various reactions. However, the synthesis of metastable‐phase IMCs with high catalytic performance remains a great challenge due to their thermodynamically unstable nature. Here, a wet‐chemical epitaxial growth strategy to synthesize metastable‐phase Pd‐Bi intermetallic nanocrystals (NCs) is reported. β‐Pd3Bi and γ‐Pd5Bi3 intermetallic NCs are epitaxially grown on the templates of face‐centered cubic Pd3Pb nanocubes and hexagonal close‐packed PtBi nanoplates, achieving Pd3Pb@Pd3Bi and PtBi@Pd5Bi3 core–shell NCs, respectively. The obtained Pd3Pb@Pd3Bi NCs possess a mass activity and specific activity of 8.52 A mg−1Pd and 11.59 mA cm−2 for ethanol oxidation reaction, which is 7.5 and 3.6 times as high as those of commercial Pd/C, respectively. Meanwhile, Pd3Pb@Pd3Bi NCs possess superior stability than commercial Pd/C. This work advances the design and synthesis of high‐performance metastable‐phase IMCs, opening an avenue for electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation and beyond.
Design of Wireless Multiple Gases Complementary Architecture Sensors Based on SnSe2 and PtSe2 Layered Films and Oscillating Circuits
Authors: Hsu Che‐Hao , Liao Hung‐Yu , Wang Kuangye , Kuo Tzu‐Wen , Liu Che‐Chuan , Shih Jiaw‐Ren , Lin Chrong‐Jung , Chen Chieh‐Ting , Peng Yu‐Ren , Yang Tzu‐Yi , Kao Man‐Yun , Huang Hai‐Feng , Shen Hsin‐Yi , King Ya‐Chin , Chueh Yu‐Lun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOwing to the increasing demand for monitoring harmful toxic gases using small‐sized low‐power‐consumption gas sensors, a room‐temperature wireless complimentary gas sensor incorporating layered materials is proposed and demonstrated. The compact design allows the sensing module to be installed under all conditions and facilitates multiple detections of toxic gas. Highly chemical‐resistance‐sensitive materials based on n‐type SnSe2 and p‐type PtSe2 layered materials prepared by the plasma‐assisted chemical vapor reaction (PACVR) method at low temperatures are integrated with an oscillation circuit and antenna fabricated by a 28‐nm CMOS high‐k metal gate logic process to achieve dense, low‐powered, and wireless characteristics. By pairing n‐ and p‐type layered semiconductors, the gas sensors feature less influence from the surroundings, such as temperature and humidity, and enhance sensitivity to the target gas simultaneously. The wireless sensing detection method enables a sensor to make signal reception more convenient. Furthermore, a wireless gas sensor with self‐converging calibration using the advantage of a floating‐gate (FG) transistor to control the charge quantity by shifting the threshold voltage (Vth) of each transistor via the channel hot electron injection effect, which helps to reduce the impact of process variations, minimizing readout errors, is proposed.
Ultrafast All‐Optical Control of Light Chirality with Nanostructured Graphene
Authors: Matthaiakakis Nikolaos , Droulias Sotiris , Kakarantzas George 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUltrafast nanophotonics is a rapidly growing area of study focused on creating nanodevices that can modulate the properties of light at, to this date, unparalleled speed. To facilitate the growth of this field, there is a growing need for compact metamaterial designs for the manipulation of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. One promising strategy involves leveraging the optical nonlinearity of nanostructured materials to alter their permittivity by interacting with high‐intensity ultrashort laser pulses. This study showcases how such requirements can be met through the utilization of 2D materials, particularly graphene. The nonlinear optical response of a graphene nanorectangle array is theoretically modeled to achieve all‐optical, fully reversible, broadband, and ultrafast dynamic control of light chirality. This is achieved by taking advantage of the energy relaxation dynamics of coherently excited localized plasmons supported by the metasurface, and the transient increase in electron temperature in graphene. Using finite‐difference time‐domain simulations, ultrafast dynamic tuning between circular and linearly polarized light is demonstrated. The proposed platform gives promise for ultrathin, CMOS‐compatible nanophotonic systems that can provide high‐speed, room‐temperature modulation of light polarization.