bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outstanding student papers
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Twelve presentations were named Outstanding Student Papers in the Space Physics and Aeronomy Section at the 1993 Fall Meeting in San Francisco.Sean Lev‐Tov, who presented “Quantitative Interpretation of VLF Signatures of Lightning‐Induced Electron Precipitation Events in Terms of Location and Size of Disturbed Ionosphere Regions,” earned his M.S. in Electrical Engineering in 1992 from Stanford University. He is pursuing his Ph.D. in the Electrical Engineering Department of Stanford. He received his B.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park, in 1989. He is working toward his Ph.D. thesis, which consists of computer modeling of the effects of lower ionospheric disturbances caused by lightning‐induced electron precipitation events on VLF radio signals.
Taking a last look at the Venus ionosphere
Authors: Strangeway Robert J. 
Published: October 2006

This piece was written to help inform science teachers, students, and journalists about some of the latest developments in the geophysical sciences. It will also appear in Earth in Space, published by AGU.The Pioneer Venus Orbiter came to a fiery end in the atmosphere of Venus in October 1992 when the spacecraft propellant was finally exhausted and solar gravitational perturbations to the spacecraft orbit could no longer be countered with thruster firings. This entry marked the end of a highly successful mission to study the ionosphere and atmosphere of Venus.
Outstanding student paper
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

One presentation was named Outstanding Student Paper in the Planetology Section at the 1993 Fall Meeting in San Francisco.C. David Brown, who presented “Sub‐Alternative Models for the Formation of Artemis Chasma,” is a doctoral student at Arizona State University, Tempe. He received his B.S. in physics at Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, Calif., in 1991
Why change the calendar?
Authors: Agnew James D. 
Published: October 2006

Emiliani does not present a good argument for making a change in something as fundamental as the present calendar. Despite the obvious problems with our present one, I see no reason to replace one arbitrary calendar with another arbitrary calendar. Any simple computer program can account for the fact that there was no year 0 in our present calendar.Why replace a calendar based on something (the alleged date of the birth of Christ) with one based on nothing (for example, Emiliani's rounded‐off guesstimate of the beginning of the Holocene)? We may as well fix the beginning of the calendar on the formation of the Earth (approximately 4.6 b.y.a.), although this might give historians and civil servants fits.
Clementine undergoing radiation test of Van Allen Belts
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Plans for the joint Department of Defense (DoD)‐NASA spacecraft Clementine to continue to film the asteroid Geographos have been officially canceled.Yet project scientists are using the opportunity to test how the robot spacecraft fares in Earth's radiation belts. There is speculation that the twenty‐three experimental technologies aboard the craft may be more sensitive than proven technologies to radiation because of their minute size.
Mineralogists blazing new trails in health research
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Mineralogists may no longer be between a rock and a hard place when it comes to securing elusive research dollars. Now they can tap into the relatively lucrative health care funding keg.That's right. The newly emerging field of environmental mineralogy is helping medicine take another step forward in a new direction: human risk assessment—and how. This interdisciplinary approach is beginning to deliver more accurate ways of determining the threat that environmental pollutants like asbestos, lead, and pesticides pose to humans than offered by conventional carcinogen tests, which themselves have been controversial since the start.
New generation of Earth observing satellites born
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Following on Landsat's seeming “Generation X” of satellite technology, NASA has hatched a plan to build a new era of Earth observing crafts called “Smallsat” to help put NASA's “faster, better, cheaper” policy into practice, NASA administrator Daniel S. Goldin announced last week.NASA selected two commercial teams, CTA of Rockville, Md. and TRW Inc. of Redondon Beach, Calif., to develop, build, launch, and deliver the new duo of satellites to orbit within the next 2 years—and for under $60 million apiece. The minicrafts, which will provide global atmospheric pollution dynamics data for NASA's Mission to Planet Earth program as well as space physics and cosmic ray data, will be launched from a $12 million Pegasus vehicle. This will also reduce overall costs as many larger satellites must be launched from rockets, which generally run about $60 million.
Radar altimetry: A new concept in monitoring lake level changes
Authors: Birkett C. M. 
Published: October 2006

Remote sensing of closed and climatically sensitive open lakes can provide useful information for hydrological applications and, through long‐term monitoring, for climatic change. One new method that offers a unique way of providing relative lake level data in areas where ground gauge measurements are unavailable uses satellite radar altimetry.Global measurement of climate‐related variables will help to detect and monitor climate changes as they occur and validate climate models and related process studies. Because lake volumes respond to changes in precipitation integrated over their catchment basins [Street‐Perrott et al., 1986], they can act as important indirect indicators of climatic change. This response is particularly marked for closed lakes which have no significant surface or subsurface outflow.
Faults uncovered at Yucca Mountain
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

It is often true that the findings of a study conclusively show that more study is needed. Such is the outcome of a new report on Yucca Mountain, Nevada—part of the $6.3 billion federal project to characterize the potential high level radioactive waste storage site, which is expected to continue for another 7 years.Focusing attention once again on the controversial proposed site, a team of scientists report they have discovered a different shear zone of parallel faults in the area and named it the Sundance Fault. Unlike most of the faults around Yucca Mountain, these faults run northwest‐southeast.
75th anniversary contest entries displayed at meeting
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Of the forty‐four entries in the 1994 Geophysical Images Contest, which was held in celebration of AGU's 75th anniversary, six received awards. All entries were displayed at the Spring Meeting in Baltimore where many members viewed the computer images, slides, photographs, and videos.First place went to Kurt Feigl for the computer‐generated “Image of an Earthquake” produced by the French National Center for Space Studies. Two radar images acquired by the ERS‐1 European satellite before and after the magnitude 7.3 Landers event were used to compose this first‐ever interferometric image of an earthquake. The image shows the area near the earthquake epicenter and the faults where the ground surface ruptured.
New project to support scientific collaboration electronically
Authors: Clauer C. R. , Rasmussen C. E. , Niciejewski R. J. , Killeen T. L. , Kelly J. D. , Zambre Y. , Rosenberg T. J. , Stauning P. , Friis‐Christensen E. , Mende S. B. , Weymouth T. E. , Prakash A. , McDaniel S. E. , Olson G. M. , Finholt T. A. , Atkins D. E. 
Published: October 2006

A new multidisciplinary effort is linking research in the upper atmospheric and space, computer, and behavioral sciences to develop a prototype electronic environment for conducting team science worldwide. A real‐world electronic collaboration testbed has been established to support scientific work centered around the experimental operations being conducted with instruments from the Sondrestrom Upper Atmospheric Research Facility in Kangerlussuaq, Greenland.Such group computing environments will become an important component of the National Information Infrastructure initiative, which is envisioned as the high‐performance communications infrastructure to support national scientific research.
Future of U.S. space science arrives at a crossroads this week
Authors: Wakefield J. 
Published: October 2006

Glory days. Some say they are over for the U.S. space program. Others say changes in the direction of the program merely reflect the transition to an increasingly interdependent post‐Cold War world.Either way, the program appears to be entering a new epoch. NASA's track record has already shown that bigger is not necessarily better when it comes to space science—especially when smaller may mean the difference between life and death.
AGU Council adopts firm stance on scientific misconduct
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Recognizing that ensuring the integrity of the research process, including the conducting and reporting of research, is essential to the advancement of scientific knowledge, the AGU Council at its May meeting adopted a new policy and procedure for dealing with misconduct in science as it relates to AGU activities. This policy notes that AGU's primary purpose is to advance the geophysical sciences, and therefore the Union has an obligation to help define and promulgate standards of behavior that support and protect the integrity of the research process. The new AGU policy will be printed in full in a later issue of Eos.The AGU Council also voted to join forces with the American Meteorological Society and several other scientific societies in the creation of a joint electronic publication along the lines of the proposal made by AGU's Publications Committee and Information Technology Committee. The proposed electronic journal will take advantage of the many aspects of the electronic medium. This proposal is one of the primary steps in AGU's overall plans for electronic publishing. Involvement with other societies that have similar interests will enhance the opportunity for gaining a better understanding of and experience with the new media.
AGU adopts, reconfirms positions: Space station
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The following is AGU's position statement on the Space Station and creationism, adopted and reaffirmed by the Council on May 26, 1994.A healthy and effective space program is of critical importance to many fields of geophysics. The Space Station defined in the President's fiscal year 1995 budget is designed to maintain human presence in space and to allow microgravity and life sciences studies. Although this version of the station is supposed to be less costly than the original Space Station Freedom, the American Geophysical Union (AGU) remains deeply concerned that the high cost of implementing the current station design will detrimentally affect NASA's science programs: Mission to Planet Earth, those in the space sciences, and others. The impact within NASA is already evident in that there are no resources identified for new space science missions in the projected budgets for future years. The situation threatens the viability of a balanced national space program. AGU is also concerned that the high costs of the station may detrimentally impact geophysical science programs of other agencies.
Correlation of sea level anomaly amplitude modulation with El Ni˜o events in equatorial Pacific
Authors: Zheng Quanan , Yan Xiao‐Hai , Ho Chung‐Ru , Klemas Vic , Chene Robert E. , Tai C. K. 
Published: October 2006

Satellite altimeter data have been used for the study of equatorially trapped waves since the launch of the Seasat satellite. After Seasat, the U.S. Navy Geodetic Satellite (Geosat) altimeter mission operated for nearly 5 years (from March 1985 to January 1990) and generated—in time span—an unprecedented sea level record from space.Currently, the U.S.‐French TOPEX/Poseidon satellite and the European ERS‐1 satellite are operating in their orbits. Both satellites produce more accurate sea level data with improved altimeters on board. Application of satellite altimeter data to the studies of equatorially trapped waves has yielded some new information which has not been available previously [e.g., Miller etal., 1988; Delcroixetal, 1991; White and Tai, 1992].
Allegiance to theory changes with the wind
Authors: Vonnegut Bernard 
Published: October 2006

In Peter Hobbs' “Clouds: Their Beauty and Challenge,” (Eos, March 29, 1994) a few points are deserving of comment.He is indeed correct that “The cloud seeding hypothesis was based on a very simple, naive picture of the factors that control precipitation in real clouds.” It is worth noting that at the time almost the entire meteorological community shared the naive view that all precipitation particles begin as ice crystals according to the theory of Tor Bergeron. There can be little doubt that 4 decades hence some of the most cherished ideas of today will also appear to be naive. Hobbs' urging that we constantly question our own conclusions is good advice.
Fight to restore DoD support of academic research begins
Authors: Wakefield J. 
Published: October 2006

The funding and philosophical battle between supporters of pork projects and merit review research has intensified in Congress in recent weeks. The fallout may potentially be devastating to some areas of geophysical science.Just before the Independence Day recess, an unanticipated move by Rep. John Murtha (D‐Pa.) slashed $900 million or about half of the Defense Department's appropriations to universities for research (see Figure 1). To make the picture grimmer for peer‐reviewed research, the House version of the $240 billion spending bill added another $67 million to an already long list of earmarks. Rep. Murtha also announced that he would hold hearings on so‐called indirect cost reimbursements at federally supported research universities, proceedings which have in the past tarnished the face of higher education.
Charles A. Whitten (1910–1994)
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Charles Arthur Whitten, who in 1980 received AGU's most distinguished honor—the Bowie Medal—for outstanding contributions to fundamental geophysics and unselfish cooperation in research, died of cancer on July 12. During his long service to AGU, he was general secretary from 1964–1974.Whitten was an eminent geodesist known for his pioneering work in the use of large‐scale computers for geodetic adjustments and his research in crustal movements. He gained a reputation as a leader in geodetic research and operations in the United States at the Coast and Geodetic Survey, where he worked from 1930 until his retirement in 1972.
A. E. Ringwood: A remembrance
Authors: Brett Robin 
Published: October 2006

Alfred Edward (Ted) Ringwood died of lymphatic cancer at the age of 62 in Canberra on November 12, 1993. Ted fought extremely bravely, as he did in his science. His wife, Gunn, and two grown children, Kristina and Peter, survive him.Ted Ringwood was one of the giants of the solid Earth sciences in the second half of this century. He published more than 300 papers and two books. He was a Foreign Associate of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (at age 45), a Fellow of the Australian Academy (at 36), the Royal Society, and others.
AGU Headquarters receive architectural acclaim
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

While the new AGU headquarters has changed the face of AGU, the design of the building has also impacted Washington architecture and society. Washington Post architecture critic Benjamin Forgey praised the uniqueness of the building and the freshness it brings to the nation's capital and architectural community in a critique that ran last Saturday, July 10.As testimony to the overall reception the new headquarters has received, the article provides a drumroll of a welcome to the neighborhood. To be sure, it pleased this distinguished architectural critic.
Developing service promises accurate space weather forecasts in the future
Authors: Siscoe G. , Hildner E. , Killeen T. L. , Lanzerotti L. J. , Lotko W. 
Published: October 2006

Space storms—for our purposes, meaning all particle, electromagnetic, and ionospheric disturbances resulting from solar storms, coronal mass ejections, fast solar wind streams, and ionospheric instabilities—pose several costly hazards. They can impair hardware in space and disrupt power and communication grids on Earth and communications with satellites.U.S. space weather services, as their operators acknowledge, fall short of providing the accurate, reliable forecasts their customers desire. The technological, scientific, and infrastructural resources exist, however, to significantly improve these services before the next solar maximum, expected around 2001.
Future of DoD Geophysics Directorate up in the air
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Tight budgetary times seem to be putting the squeeze on funding for geophysical science from many directions. In addition to potential heavy cuts in Defense Department support of academic research that may impact Earth and space science, the military's own mecca for geophysical research is in jeopardy.Phillips Laboratory's Geophysics Directorate at Hanscom Air Force Base, Bedford, Mass., may not be funded for fiscal year 1996, according to the Air Force's budget projection released in June. The news falls on the eve of the Geophysics Laboratory's 50th Anniversary, September 20, 1995.
Career paths for the Geoscience Ph.D.
Authors: Korgen Ben J. 
Published: October 2006

An article that ran in the March 15 issue of Eos discussed alternative careers in the geosciences. I would like to expand on this topic.First, the examples provided overlook the many nonresearch niches that exist within the government. A response to the initial article (Eos, April 12,1994) touched on this omission by introducing science policy as a possibility. Readers also should be aware that the government, in general, contains other kinds of nonresearch niches that could be filled by geoscience Ph.D.s. These niches typically involve either technical writing and editing, some aspect of computer science, or the kinds of analysis and interpretation that does not fit the mold of basic or applied research, but which finds its way into both hard‐copy and digital products.
Dozer duck dominates the nearshore scene this summer
Authors: Wakefield J. 
Published: October 2006

Move over Cindy Crawford and Arnold Schwartzenegger. What's hot on the beach this summer is not the usual standbys: A new experiment about how beach cusps are formed in the swash zone of the beach is what's turning heads this season.When the data are in, hopefully, oceanographers will have an idea about what exactly causes the nearly regularly spaced strings of scallops to arise along some ocean and lake beaches and sediments.
Horton Medal presented to Hornberger
Authors: Bencala Ken , Hornberger George M. 
Published: October 2006

Two purposes are served in the presentation of our professional society awards, such as the AGU Hydrology Section Horton Award. First, we identify and recognize the best work of our colleagues.Second, we remind ourselves that this good work is being done by good people; people we are proud to know as more than ‘our colleague,’ but first, to know as ‘our friend.’ Our Horton awardee is George Hornberger of the Environmental Sciences Department at the University of Virginia. I have been entrusted to say a few words. about George's contributions, as he is both our colleague and our friend.
D.O.E. seeks origin of deep subsurface bacteria
Authors:   DOE Subsurface Science Program's Taylorsville Basin Working Group
Published: October 2006

The microbiology at depths less than 50 m has been examined in various environments by many groups, including the Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Geological Survey, but similar studies of deeper strata that include geochemical and geological inputs have been performed at only a few sites.These few sites include the Atlantic coastal plain aquifers beneath and around the Savannah River Site in South Carolina and crystalline bedrock in Sweden. In the former site a surprisingly large and diverse community was found occupying the sandy aquifers. In the latter site, the extant subsurface community was large, but not diverse, and constrained to shear zones. Prior to these studies, descriptions of subsurface microbial biogeochemistry were typically restricted to shallow aquifers and petroleum‐bearing formations.
Magnetic storms and substorms compared, contrasted at Workshop
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Are magnetic storms qualitatively different than magnetospheric substorms? Are the magnetospheric processes that cause a sub‐storm fundamentally different from those that cause a storm? The National Geophysical Data Center and the Space Environment Laboratory hosted a workshop in Breckenridge, Colo., in June 1993 to discuss these questions and to investigate the relationship between magnetic storms and magnetospheric substorms.Magnetic storms have not received the same amount of attention as substorms for the last several years due to a number of factors; there has been a stronger emphasis toward the “simpler” substorm phenomenology, the complexity of storm phenomena has deterred analysis, and the lack of appropriate data and incomplete data coverage in space and time has made analysis difficult. Continuing an effort begun at Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil, in November 1991, twelve of us met to seek the answers, or, at least, to ask the pertinent questions. Each of us brought experience on different pieces of the puzzle; the solar wind, magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas and fields, and geomagnetic variations.
“Great problems of the Earth” Discussed at Symposium
Authors: Loper David , Lay Thome 
Published: October 2006

The second open symposium for the new National Science Foundation (NSF) research program, Cooperative Studies of the Earth's Deep Interior (CSEDI), was held at the Inn at Loretto in Santa Fe, N. Mex., from October 22–23,1993. The symposium, attended by more than 130 Earth scientists, was organized by Thome Lay, of the U.S. Studies of the Earth's Deep Interior (SEDI) Coordinating Committee, and Chick Keller, with the assistance of Shirley Roybal.The symposium began with an overview of the CSEDI initiative (see Eos, April 20, 1993) and a discussion of the functions of the U.S. SEDI Coordinating Committee by Chairman Rick O'Connell, followed by an explanation by Tom Jordan of the procedures for selection of a new Coordinating Committee, to serve in the coming year. Participants were invited to make nominations for new committee members during the course of the symposium.
Science education crisis: Problems, solutions discussed
Authors: Wolcott John 
Published: October 2006

Public concern about the state of science education in America at the pre‐college and college levels is widespread, triggered largely by the perception that we are losing ground in the global economy. Science, and particularly technology, are seen as our most likely sources of recovery. For those who recall the public reaction to the launching of Sputnik by Russia in 1957, the present mood is similar, if somewhat less intense.AGU members are in a unique position to influence debate about the science education crisis. Many of us, either as experts in some subset of physical science issues, as teachers at the college level, or even as parents observing our children's experiences in elementary or secondary school classrooms, may offer insight to this debate.