bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning to identify endometrial biomarkers predictive of pregnancy success following artificial insemination in dairy cows
Authors: Hoorn Quinn A , Rabaglino Maria B , Amaral Thiago F , Maia Tatiane S , Yu Fahong , Cole John B , Hansen Peter J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The objective was to identify a set of genes whose transcript abundance is predictive of a cow’s ability to become pregnant following artificial insemination. Endometrial epithelial cells from the uterine body were collected for RNA sequencing using the cytobrush method from 193 first-service Holstein cows at estrus prior to artificial insemination (day 0). A group of 253 first-service cows not used for cytobrush collection were controls. There was no effect of cytobrush collection on pregnancy outcomes at day 30 or 70 or on pregnancy loss between days 30 and 70. There were 2 upregulated and 214 downregulated genes (false discovery rate &lt; 0.05, absolute fold change &gt;2-fold) for cows pregnant at day 30 versus those that were not pregnant. Functional terms overrepresented in the downregulated genes included those related to immune and inflammatory responses. Machine learning for fertility biomarkers with the R package BORUTA resulted in identification of 57 biomarkers that predicted pregnancy outcome at day 30 with an average accuracy of 77%. Thus, machine learning can identify predictive biomarkers of pregnancy in endometrium with high accuracy. Moreover, sampling of endometrial epithelium using the cytobrush can help understand functional characteristics of the endometrium at artificial insemination without compromising cow fertility. Functional characteristics of the genes comprising the set of biomarkers is indicative that a major determinant of cow fertility, at least for first insemination after calving, is immune status of the uterus, which, in turn, is likely to reflect the previous history of uterine disease.
Sertoli cells require hnRNPC to support normal spermatogenesis and male fertility in mice
Authors: Mo Shaomei , Shu Ge , Cao Congcong , Wang Mingxia , Yang Jie , Ye Jing , Gui Yaoting , Yuan Shuiqiao , Ma Qian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sertoli cells act as highly polarized testicular cells that nutritionally support multiple stages of germ cell development. However, the gene regulation network in Sertoli cells for modulating germ cell development has yet to be fully understood. In this study, we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C in Sertoli cells are essential for germ cell development and male fertility. Conditional knockout of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C in mouse Sertoli cells leads to aberrant Sertoli cells proliferation, disrupted cytoskeleton of Sertoli cells, and compromised blood–testis barrier function, resulting in loss of supportive cell function and, ultimately, defective spermiogenesis in mice. Further ribonucleic acid-sequencing analyses revealed these phenotypes are likely caused by the dysregulated genes in heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C–deficient Sertoli cells related to cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and apoptotic process. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C plays a critical role in Sertoli cells for maintaining the function of Sertoli cells and sustaining steady-state spermatogenesis in mice.
Mitochondria complex I deficiency in Candida albicans arrests the cell cycle at S phase through suppressive TOR and PKA pathways
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Meng Zhou , Calderone Richard , Liu Weida , She Xiaodong , Li Dongmei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
How mutations in mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) proteins impact the cell cycle of Candida albicans was investigated in this study. Using genetic null mutants targeting ETC complexes I (CI), III (CIII), and IV (CIV), the cell cycle stages (G0/G1, S phase, and G2/M) were analyzed via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Four CI null mutants exhibited distinct alterations, including extended S phase, shortened G2/M population, and a reduction in cells size exceeding 10 µM. Conversely, CIII mutants showed an increased population in G1/G0 phase. Among four CI mutants, ndh51Δ/Δ and goa1Δ/Δ displayed aberrant cell cycle patterns correlated with previously reported cAMP/PKA downregulation. Specifically, nuo1Δ/Δ and nuo2Δ/Δ mutants exhibited increased transcription of RIM15, a central hub linking cell cycle with nutrient-dependent TOR1 and cAMP/PKA pathways and Snf1 aging pathway. These findings suggest that suppression of TOR1 and cAMP/PKA pathways or enhanced Snf1 disrupts cell cycle progression, influencing cell longevity and growth among CI mutants. Overall, our study highlights the intricate interplay between mitochondrial ETC, cell cycle, and signaling pathways.
Using Pose Estimation and 3D Rendered Models to Study Leg-Mediated Self-righting by Lanternflies
Authors: Bien Theodore , Alexander Benjamin H , Li Chengpei , Goeler-Slough Natalie , Hsieh S Tonia , Kane Suzanne Amador 
Published: April 2024

Synopsis
The ability to upright quickly and efficiently when overturned on the ground (terrestrial self-righting) is crucial for living organisms and robots. Previous studies have mapped the diverse behaviors used by various animals to self-right on different substrates, and proposed physical models to explain how body morphology can favor specific self-righting methods. However, to our knowledge, no studies have quantified and modeled all of an animal’s limb motions during these complicated behaviors. Here, we studied terrestrial self-righting by immature invasive spotted lanternflies (Lycorma delicatula), an insect species that must frequently recover from being overturned after jumping and falling in its native habitat. These nymphs self-righted successfully in 92–100% of trials on three substrates with different friction and roughness, with no significant difference in the time or number of attempts required. They accomplished this using three stereotypic sequences of movements. To understand these motions, we combined 3D poses tracked on multi-view high-speed video with articulated 3D models created using photogrammetry and Blender rendering software. The results were used to calculate the mechanical properties (e.g., potential and kinetic energy, angular speed, stability margin, torque, force, etc.) of these insects during righting trials. We used an inverted physical pendulum model (a “template”) to estimate the kinetic energy available in comparison to the increase in potential energy required to flip over. While these insects began righting using primarily quasistatic motions, they also used dynamic leg motions to achieve final tip-over. However, this template did not describe important features of the insect’s center of mass trajectory and rotational dynamics, necessitating the use of an “anchor” model comprising the 3D rendered body model and six articulated two-segment legs to model the body’s internal degrees of freedom and capture the role of the legs’ contribution to inertial reorientation. This anchor elucidated the sequence of highly coordinated leg movements these insects used for propulsion, adhesion, and inertial reorientation during righting, and how they frequently pivot about a body contact point on the ground to flip upright. In the most frequently used method, diagonal rotation, these motions allowed nymphs to spin their bodies to upright with lower force with a greater stability margin compared to the other less frequently used methods. We provide a concise overview of necessary background on 3D orientation and rotational dynamics, and the resources required to apply these low-cost modeling methods to other problems in biomechanics.
Neutralization of Rubella Vaccine Virus and Immunodeficiency-Related Vaccine-Derived Rubella Viruses by Intravenous Immunoglobulins
Authors: Chen Min-hsin , Perelygina Ludmila , Hao LiJuan , Beard R Suzanne , Lackner Cornelia , Farcet Maria R , Karbiener Michael , Icenogle Joseph , Kreil Thomas R 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe association between granulomas and vaccine-derived rubella virus (VDRV) in people with primary immunodeficiencies has raised concerns about the ability of immunoglobulin preparations to neutralize VDRVs. We investigated the capacity of immunoglobulin to neutralize rubella vaccine virus and 4 VDRV strains. As expected, the rubella vaccine virus itself was potently neutralized by immunoglobulin preparations, but the VDRV isolates from patients after intrahost evolution, 2–6 times less so. Diagnosis of immune deficiencies before possible live-virus vaccination is thus of critical importance, while immunoglobulin replacement therapy can be expected to provide protection from rubella virus infection.
The Quasar Catalogue for S-PLUS DR4 (QuCatS) and the estimation of photometric redshifts
Authors: Nakazono L , R Valença R , Soares G , Izbicki R , Ivezić Ž , R Lima E V , T Hirata N S , Sodré Jr L , Overzier R , Almeida-Fernandes F , Oliveira Schwarz G B , Schoenell W , Kanaan A , Ribeiro T , Mendes de Oliveira C 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The advent of massive broad-band photometric surveys enabled photometric redshift estimates for unprecedented numbers of galaxies and quasars. These estimates can be improved using better algorithms or by obtaining complementary data such as narrow-band photometry, and broad-band photometry over an extended wavelength range. We investigate the impact of both approaches on photometric redshifts for quasars using data from Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) DR4, Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) DR6/7, and the unWISE catalog for the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) in three machine learning methods: Random Forest, Flexible Conditional Density Estimation (FlexCoDE), and Bayesian Mixture Density Network (BMDN). Including narrow-band photometry improves the root-mean-square error by 11 per cent in comparison to a model trained with only broad-band photometry. Narrow-band information only provided an improvement of 3.8 per cent when GALEX and WISE colours were included. Thus, narrow bands play a more important role for objects that do not have GALEX or WISE counterparts, which respectively makes 92 per cent and 25 per cent of S-PLUS data considered here. Nevertheless, the inclusion of narrow-band information provided better estimates of the probability density functions obtained with FlexCoDE and BMDN. We publicly release a value-added catalogue of photometrically selected quasars with the photo-z predictions from all methods studied here. The catalogue provided with this work covers the S-PLUS DR4 area (∼3000 square degrees), containing 645 980, 244 912, 144 991 sources with the probability of being a quasar higher than, 80 per cent, 90 per cent, 95 per cent up to r &lt; 21.3 and good photometry quality in the detection image. More quasar candidates can be retrieved from the S-PLUS data base by considering less restrictive selection criteria.
Euclid view of the dusty star-forming galaxies at ≳ detected in wide area submillimetre surveys
Authors: Mitra Dipanjan , Negrello Mattia , De Zotti Gianfranco , Cai Zhen-Yi 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the constraints provided by the Euclid space observatory on the physical properties of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at $z\gtrsim 1.5$ detected in wide area submillimetre surveys with Herschel. We adopt a physical model for the high-z progenitors of spheroidal galaxies, which form the bulk of DSFGs at $z\gtrsim 1.5$. We improve the model by combining the output of the equations of the model with a formalism for the spectral energy distribution (SED). After optimizing the SED parameters to reproduce the measured infrared luminosity function and number counts of DFSGs, we simulated a sample of DSFGs over 100 $\hbox{deg}^2$ and then applied a $5\, \sigma$ detection limit of $37\,$ mJy at 250 $\mu$m. We estimated the redshifts from the Euclid data and then fitted the Euclid+Herschel photometry with the code CIGALE to extract the physical parameters. We found that 100 per cent of the Herschel galaxies are detected in all 4 Euclid bands above $3\, \sigma$. For 87 per cent of these sources the accuracy on $1 + z$ is better than 15 per cent. The sample comprises mostly massive, i.e. $\log (M_{\star }/{\rm M}_{\odot })\sim 10.5{\!-\!}12.9$, highly star forming, i.e. $\log (\hbox{SFR}/{\rm M}_{\odot }\hbox{yr}^{-1})\sim 1.5{\!-\!}4$, dusty, i.e. $\log (M_{\rm dust}/{\rm M}_{\odot })\sim 7.5{\!-\!}9.9$, galaxies. The measured stellar masses have a dispersion of 0.19 dex around the true value, thus showing that Euclid will provide reliable stellar mass estimates for the majority of the bright DSFGs at $z\gtrsim 1.5$ detected by Herschel. We also explored the effect of complementing the Euclid photometry with that from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory/LSST.
Ammonia leakage can underpin nitrogen-sharing among soil microbes
Authors: Richards Luke , Schäfer Patrick , Soyer Orkun S 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil microbial communities host a large number of microbial species that support important ecological functions such as biogeochemical cycling and plant nutrition. The extent and stability of these functions are affected by inter-species interactions among soil microbes, yet the different mechanisms underpinning microbial interactions in the soil are not fully understood. Here, we study the extent of nutrient-based interactions among two model, plant-supporting soil microbes, the fungiSerendipita indicaand the bacteriaBacillus subtilis. We find thatS. indicais unable to grow with nitrate - a common nitrogen source in the soil - but this inability can be rescued, and growth restored in the presence ofB. subtilis. We demonstrate that this effect is due toB. subtilisutilising nitrate and releasing ammonia, which can be used byS. indica. We refer to this type of mechanism as ammonia mediated nitrogen sharing (N-sharing). Using a mathematical model, we demonstrate that the pH dependent equilibrium between ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) results in an inherent cellular leakiness, and that reduced amonnium uptake or assimilation rates can result in higher levels of leaked ammonia. In line with this model, a mutantB. subtilis- devoid of ammonia uptake - shows higherS. indicagrowth support in nitrate media. These findings highlight that ammonia based N-sharing can be a previously under-appreciated mechanism underpinning interaction among soil microbes and could be influenced by microbial or abiotic alteration of pH in microenvironments.Significance statementSoil microbial communities are an important factor in environmental nutrient cycling and sub-sequently plant health.S. indicais a well-studied plant growth promoting soil fungus but its inability to use nitrate, a major component of both agricultural/natural soils and crop fertilisers, may have important implications for agriculture and microbial ecology. We have demonstrated thatS. indicais dependant on external sources of nitrogen in nitrate-only environments and these can be produced byB. subtilis, another common soil microbe. We then demonstrate that this nitrogen sharing interaction is likely mediated by leaked ammonia and that ammonia leakage is influenced by environmental pH. Ammonia leakage and sharing represent currently unexplored and potentially vital components of nutrient interactions between microbes in soil communities, with profound implications for microbiome community structure and subsequent consequences for soil biogeochemical cycling and crop health.
Addiction recovery stories: Mark Gornall in conversation with Lisa Ogilvie
Authors: Gornall Mark , Ogilvie Lisa 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine recovery through lived experience. It is part of a series that explores candid accounts of addiction and recovery to identify important components in the recovery process.

Design/methodology/approach
The G-CHIME model comprises six elements important to addiction recovery (growth, connectedness, hope, identity, meaning in life and empowerment). It provides a standard against which to consider addiction recovery, having been used in this series, as well as in the design of interventions that improve well-being and strengthen recovery. In this paper, a first-hand account is presented, followed by a semi-structured e-interview with the author of the account. Narrative analysis is used to explore the account and interview through the G-CHIME model.

Findings
This paper shows that addiction recovery is a remarkable process that can be effectively explained using the G-CHIME model. The significance of each component in the model is apparent from the account and e-interview presented.

Originality/value
Each account of recovery in this series is unique and, as yet, untold.
Employability skills in architecture and design: toward bridging the gap between academia and practice for Saudi women employees
Authors: Abowardah Eman , Labib Wafa , Fallatah Samaher A. , Abdelsattar Amal , Atyah Rouaa 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe role of women in the architecture and design industry is aligned with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, which aims to increase the participation of women in the Saudi construction sector. Saudi female graduates from architectural and design schools are currently working in most of the mega projects underway in Riyadh; however, they face certain challenges at the beginning of their working lives due to the gap between the skills acquired during an architectural and design education and those needed for employability.Design/methodology/approachThis study evaluates the employability skills of Saudi female cooperative education (COOP) students and graduates from architectural schools in Riyadh. A quantitative approach is taken, and two questionnaires are administered: one for female COOP students and graduates from the college of architecture and design in one of the private universities in Riyadh and the other for employers from different architectural firms and governmental organizations in Riyadh. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the research data.FindingsThe research findings suggest that practical experiences and on-site observation activities should be provided, and sustainability solutions and applications should be incorporated into the curriculum to bring architecture education closer to the architectural profession and highlight the role of universities in supporting graduates' skills development.Research limitations/implicationsIt is worth mentioning that the results of this study were based on the survey distributed to architecture and interior female students in a private university in Saudi Arabia. The number of students surveyed in this study is not large enough to generalize the survey results to the entire population of architecture and interior design students in the kingdom and in the world. The study will be extended to include more participants from male and female students in other universities in Saudi Arabia to investigate the gaps in employability skills in the field of architecture and interior design in the Kingdom.Practical implicationsThe study has practical and policy implications for further development and upcoming challenges as the labor market seems to improve and innovate every day. The study suggests providing practical experiences and onsite observation activities and incorporating sustainability solutions and applications into the curriculum.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is that it focuses on the importance of some employability skills, such as research and budgeting aspects, Sustainability solutions and applications for students that have not been mentioned in the previous studies.
Psychological empowerment an antecedent to career satisfaction: modeling affective commitment as a mediator and resilience as a moderator
Authors: Aggarwal Shalini , Singh Lata Bajpai , Srivastava Shalini 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe study, grounded on the social cognitive career theory, seeks to analyze the upshot of psychological empowerment on career satisfaction via affective commitment. The study also aims to examine the impact of the interplay among affective commitment and resilience on the career satisfaction of Indian service industry professionals.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the data has been collected from 277 employees using standardized measures from the North Indian service industry. To test the proposed model, Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) (Hayes, 2013) was utilized.FindingsThe outcomes of the study offered substantial support for the theorized link between psychological empowerment, affective commitment, resilience and career satisfaction. The outcomes confirmed an affirmative association concerning psychological empowerment and career satisfaction through affective commitment as a mediator and resilience as a moderator. The study concludes that the workforce with extraordinary resilience will perceive a stronger influence of psychological empowerment on career satisfaction.Practical implicationsThe study offers a few pertinent inputs for the organizations operating in high-power distance culture to comprehend the role of psychological empowerment and “resilient attributes” of personality in developing a sense of career satisfaction amongst Indian service sector employees.Originality/valueThe present research examines the association between psychological empowerment, affective commitment, resilience and career satisfaction for the first time as mediated moderation model and the same has neither been examined theoretically or empirically.
Corporate culture and sales order backlog
Authors: Bajaj Akhilesh , Bradley Wray , Sun Li 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe purpose of our study is to investigate the impact of corporate culture on sales order backlog.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use regression analysis to examine the relation between corporate culture and the level of sales order backlog, an important leading indicator of firm performance.FindingsUsing a large panel sample of US firms for the period of 2003–2021, the authors find a significant and positive relation, suggesting that firms with strong corporate culture have a higher level of sales order backlog.Originality/valueThe study findings contribute to two separate areas of research: corporate culture in management literature and sales order backlog in accounting literature. Prior study has focused on the impact of corporate culture on current firm performance. This study extends prior research by investigating the impact of corporate culture on order backlog, an important leading indicator of future performance.