bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New technique for treating pseudocyst of the auricle
Authors: Li-Xiang Zhu , Xiu-Yun Wang 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough pseudocyst of the auricle is a common disease in China, its cause and mechanism are still not clear. Several methods of treatment have been advocated: repeated aspirations combined with physiotherapy, and incision and drainage with contour pressure dressing, magnetotherapy etc. In recent years, a new technique with a drainage tube inserted into the pseudocyst using a guide needle has been used in our hospital in the treatment of this condition. We report 45 cases treated by this method, none of whom had the condition previously.
Adenoidal hypertrophy as the presenting feature of HIV infection
Authors: Hickey S. A. , Buckley J. G. , Macartney J. C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of symptomatic recurrent adenoidal hypertrophy, as the presenting feature of HIV infection in a haemophiliac child, is reported. The incidence of non-malignant nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia in HIV infection is examined and the relevance of the histological appearance is discussed in relation to progression of disease.
Pars flaccida perforation in tissue culture: morphological study
Authors: Stenfors L.-E. , Olsen E. G. , Henriksen A. Ö. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSubtotal pars flaccida perforation was effected in vitro in rat tympanic membranes. The drums were subsequently kept in tissue culture and after various intervals studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy. No complete covering of the perforation was seen, though a marked thickening and hyperplasia of the outer, keratinizing, squamous epithelium (OE) was evident. The inner, tympanal epithelium (IE) appeared swollen, containing rounded structures in the cytoplasm especially close to the contact area with the OE. Ingrowth of OE onto the tympanal side of the drum was seen particularly in the areas where the IE was sparse and completely lacking. Complete covering of a drum perforation seems to be dependent on the formation of supporting granulation tissue, probably resulting from an inflammatory reaction in the healing area.
Treatment of earache among the Lappish people
Authors: Stenfors L.-E. , Henriksen A. Ö. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe traditional ways of treating earache among the Lappish people have been charted. Generally speaking, the Lapps have treated earache by applying a compress to the ear, dropping various ear-drops into the external auditory canal, breathing into the ear, massaging the ear, and inserting impregnated wool into the ear canal. The Lappish treatment principles for earache are discussed in relation to modern knowledge of pain relief.
Prophylactic antibiotics and post laryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistulae
Authors: Violaris N. , Bridger M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPharyngo-cutaneous fistula following laryngectomy is a serious complication. The incidence worldwide varies from 7.6 to 50 per cent. The value of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing fistulae is well recognized but the type of antibiotics and the length of administration of the antibiotics is variable depending on the individual surgeon.Below we present the Plymouth Head and Neck Unit experience where, in the last five years, 33 patients underwent laryngectomy (30 total, three vertical hemi-laryngectomies).The prophylactic antibiotics used in all patients was parenteral cefotaxime 1G or cefuroxime 750 mg, given at eight hours pre-operatively, with the premedication and at eight, 16 and 24 hours post-operatively. Only two patients developed pharyngo-cutaneous fistulae, both after total laryngectomy (six per cent of total). Three patients developed skin cellulitis and five patients developed chest infection which required further treatment with antibiotics.
Paraganglioma of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Talbot A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNon-chromaffin paragangliomas are unusual tumours arising in specialized tissue, probably of neural crest origin. A primary non-chromaffin paraganglioma of the paranasal sinuses is a very rare tumour with only a handful of such cases documented in the literature. The presence of such a tumour raises interesting questions as to the origin of such specialized tissue within the nose and paranasal sinuses.
Salivary gland involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis
Authors: Murty G. E. , Mains B. T. , Bennett M. K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWhen salivary gland enlargement occurs in association with other ENT symptoms, Wegener's granulomatosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis. An early anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) test may aid diagnosis. Effective medical treatment exists and, once the diagnosis has been made, therapeutic excision of the affected gland may be unnecessary. The fourth and fifth cases in the literature of salivary gland involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis are reported.
Management of acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula following intubation
Authors: Camilleri A. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe management of acquired tracheo-oesophageal fistula due to tracheal intubation is reviewed and a case complicated by left vocal cord palsy and subglottic stenosis is presented. Permanent cricothyroidostomy was used in the management of this original triad of complications.
Pathological features of the facial nerve in patients with facial palsy of varying aetiology Light and electron microscopic study
Authors: Ylikoski Jukka 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFacial nerve specimens obtained during reinnervation surgery from 31 patients with facial palsy of varying aetiology were studied. In patients who had a facial palsy after attenuation during acoustic schwannoma removal the facial nerve had normal populations of myelinated nerve fibres in the sensory zone but their numbers and sizes were severely reduced and fibrosis was increased in the motor zone. The latter also had large numbers of endoneurial tubes with thin unmyelinated axons.When the facial nerve had been severed in tumour removal, it had practically no remaining nerve fibres. In three out of four patients with middle ear cholesteatoma, the distal facial nerve stump showed severe fibrosis. In patients with iatrogenic trauma and skull fracture, the distal stump usually showed few myelinated nerve fibres, endoneurial tubes with thin unmyelinated fibres and increased fibrosis.The pathological changes observed indicate that in all cases the motor fibres distal to the lesion have undergone Wallerian degeneration and demyelination and in most a subsequent partial regeneration. However, the regeneration remained incomplete. The distal stump of the facial nerve with numerous endoneurial tubes in most cases of the material presented appear to provide favourable structural preconditions for reinnervation surgery.
Ear, nose and throat manifestations of Lyme disease
Authors: Lesser T. H. J. , Dort J. C. , Simmen D. P. B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe manifestations of Lyme disease as they may present to the ENT surgeon are discussed. The most important ENT symptom is facial palsy. Particularly when combined with other cranial palsies, systemic illness or signs of meningeal irritation, the diagnosis must be considered. Three case reports are used to illustrate the presentation and diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease. The characteristics of the disease are reviewed and the limitations of serological testing outlined. The literature has concentrated on bilateral or relapsing facial palsy. A review of palsies in Zurich that presented to the ENT clinic found only unilateral and partial palsies. The diagnosis should be considered in every case of facial palsy of unknown aetiology especially in children.
Surgical treatment of Zenker's diverticulum
Authors: Aggerholm K. , Illum P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne-hundred-and-fifty patients with Zenker's diverticulum were reviewed; twelve patients received no treatment; 26 patients were treated endoscopically by dilatation, five of these had a diverticulectomy performed at a later stage.One-hundred-and-ten patients had a diverticulectomy performed (a total of 115 primary operations were performed). Eighteen of the patients operated upon had a recurrence and six underwent re-operation.Local complications occurred in 24 patients. Seven patients had a fistula and two had mediastinitis. Ten patients had recurrent nerve palsy, of which five were permanent. Thirteen patients had other complications, usually infection. One death occurred.Post-operative prophylactic treatment with antibiotics was found to significantly reduce the number of local infectious complications and a correlation was found between the occurrence of local, infectious complications and later recurrence of the pouch.
Cervical abscess: A life-threatening complication of infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Westmore G. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe former view of infectious mononucleosis as an invariably benign disease has been modified in recent years by reports of life-threatening complications. A case is presented of a deep cervical abscess complicating infectious mononucleosis which came close to a fatal conclusion. The implications for the management of the illness are discussed in the light of this rare event, no exactly similar instance of which has been recorded.
True malignant mixed tumour of the parotid gland
Authors: Talmi Yoav P. , Halpern Marisa , Finkelstein Yehuda , Gal Rivkah , Zohar Yuval 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCarcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma is an uncommon tumour of the parotid gland. True malignant mixed tumours of the parotid are rare and we could find only 14 such cases reported. A case of a 76-year-old man diagnosed as suffering from this entity is presented. The diagnosis was based on a series of immunohistochemical studies demonstrating the existence of two separate sarcomatous and carcinomatous elements. The clinical and histological data are presented and the literature is reviewed.
Risks of developing an otogenic intracranial abscess
Authors: Nunez D. A. , Browning G. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOne-and-a-half per cent of adults have active chronic otitis media and its management to prevent complications is a considerable workload. The risks of developing these complications is relatively unknown but because of its mortality, intracranial abscess is the most relevant.A 10-year review of all otogenic intracranial abscesses in Scotland was carried out. A 15 per cent allowance was made for missing records. The annual risk in an adult with active chronic otitis media of developing an abscess is about one in 10,000 but its development is three times more likely in males. This risk might appear low but the lifetime expectancy of an individual aged 30 years with active chronic otitis media developing an abscess is one in 200. However, as yet, there is no evidence that surgery reduces this risk. Unfortunately, because of the duration of follow-up needed and the size of the sample required, scientific evidence would be difficult to obtain. However, 5 per cent of abscesses currently occur in the immediate post-operative period following mastoid surgery.
Nasopharyngeal cyst simulating Kaposi's sarcoma in an HIV-infected patient
Authors: Harrison Henley C. , Tindall Brett , McCarthy Stanley W. , Cooper David A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of nasopharyngeal cyst in a 30-year-old male homosexual intravenous drug user infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is presented. The similarity in clinical presentation of nasopharyngeal cyst and Kaposi's sarcoma is discussed.
Chondroplastic Graft Augmentation Rhinoplasty
Authors: Spencer Michael G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA challenging surgical problem is the correction of supra-tip depression of the nose following collapse of nasal septal support. Numerous materials have been used in augmentation rhinoplasties attempting to correct this deformity, all having certain disadvantages. A modified technique is described in which costal cartilage surrounded by perichondrium is grafted in such noses; the results of a small series is discussed. The problems of graft distortion and resorbtion appear to have been satisfactorily overcome by using this procedure.
Head and neck cancer in the young: A prognostic conundrum?
Authors: Lund Valerie J. , Howard David J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA series of 116 young adults with cancer in the head and neck who had been followed up for five years or longer were reviewed. The study aimed to assess whether malignancy in this age group was increasing, whether their prognosis was worse and if so, why. They were compared with data available on the patient population as a whole treated during the same period. This demonstrated that it is the intrinsic characteristics of the tumour, its site and extent rather than the age of the individual which determines prognosis though the ratio of men to women was less in the young adults in several sites possibly due to a diminished impact of recognized aetiological factors.
Staple gun in the surgery of hypopharyngeal diverticula
Authors: Westmore G. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThere have been many approaches advocated over the years for the surgical management of hypopharyngeal diverticulum, and this is a reflection of the absence of an ideal method both in terms of the surgical technique and of the frequency and severity of complications. Further experience with the use of the surgical staple gun is presented together with a discussion of its use in comparison with other operative methods. The ease and speed of the technique combined with a negligible complication rate suggest that it is a viable method for the management of large diverticula.
Symptoms in patients with maxillary sinus carcinoma
Authors: Miyaguchi M. , Sakai S. , Mori N. , Kitaoku S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSymptoms at first onset and on initial examination were analyzed in 845 patients with maxillary sinus carcinoma. About 20–30 per cent of the patients became aware of swelling of cheek, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge and epistaxis as first symptoms. About 50–80 per cent of the patients complained of such symptoms on initial examination. Symptoms of maxillary sinus carcinoma are similar to those of chronic sinusitis which results in a delay in diagnosis. Such symptoms should be recognized to improve survival rate. CT and MRI scans are useful for early diagnosis and determination of tumour extension. Sinoscopy with biopsy is most important to detect the earliest tumour stage.
Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as bilateral sudden onset cochleo-vestibular failure in a young woman
Authors: Rowe-Jones J. M. , Macallan D. C. , Sorooshian M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSudden onset sensorineural hearing loss is an otological emergency. Although deafness is recognised as being associated with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) only very rarely does it herald the disease. We describe a case of bilateral, sudden onset vestibulo-cochlear failure which with thorough investigation proved to be the presenting complaint of PAN.This diagnosis enabled definitive management of a multi-system disorder and resulted in an improvement of the initial symptom with the chemotherapeutic regime discussed.We review the involvement of PAN in deafness and hope this case will remind otolaryngologists of the need for full investigation of the above mentioned emergency, in an attempt to discover and hence direct management towards a specific underlying pathology.
Comparison of the Goode T-tube with the Armstrong tube in children with chronic otitis media with effusion
Authors: Wielinga Eize W. J. , Smyth Gordon D. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTreatment of otitis media with effusion is focused on reaeration of the middle ear cavity. In achieving longterm aeration, the insertion of ventilation tubes that have a long duration of stay can be beneficial. The results are presented of a trial in which the Goode T-tube was compared with the Armstrong tube. Fifteen children were treated between 1981 and 1986 with a T-tube in one ear and a conventional tube in the other. The results are different with regard to duration of stay in the tympanic membrane. Re-insertions were necessary in 47 per cent in the Armstrong group and in 20 per cent in the T-tube group. Otorrhoea occurred in 20 per cent of the Armstrong and 13 per cent of the T-tube intubated ears. A persistent perforation was present in 6 per cent of the ears in both groups. It is concluded that the Goode T-tube is indicated primarily in cases when long-term ventilation is needed.
Smoking cessation in chronic Reinke's oedema
Authors: Højslet Poul-Erik , Moesgaard-Nielsen Villy , Karlsmose Mogens 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn evaluating the long term results of surgical treatment of Reinke's oedema, there has been found to be a high incidence of recurrence. The recurrence rate is significantly lower amongst those patients who gave up smoking after treatment. A group of patients with chronic Reinke's oedema were followed for six months. Maximum efforts were made to help the patients to stop smoking. Twenty-nine patients entered the study, but only eight of them (28 per cent) refrained from smoking; all were women (39–70 years) and all experienced reduced discomfort, although none of the voices were restored to normal. Diffuse laryngitis disappeared completely, but the oedema did not disappear entirely in any patient. Before treatment of chronic Reinke's oedema patients must be well advised and informed, and if surgery is decided upon, they must be urged most strongly to stop smoking, if they wish to enhance the possibility of satisfactory long-term results.
Head and neck cancer and ageing: a retrospective study in 438 patients
Authors: Barzan Luigi , Veronesi Andrea , Caruso Giuseppe , Serraino Diego , Magri Donatella , Zagonel Vittorina , Tirelli Umberto , Comoretto Roberto , Monfardini S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo evaluate whether age over 70 years represents a prognostic factor in head and neck cancer, we reviewed all cases observed between 1981 and 1984. Four hundred and thirty-eight (438) patients were considered in relation to three age groups (<59, 60–69, and >70 years, defined as non-elderly, mid-elderly and elderly respectively).The main parameters analyzed included histological diagnosis (no difference emerged among the three age groups); anatomical site (hypopharyngeal carcinoma was most frequent in non-elderly patients); TNM stage (an higher incidence of early stages was seen in the elderly); performance status (better in the nonelderly); previous illnesses (life-style related diseases were more frequent in the non-elderly); contraindications to surgery (more frequent in the elderly); surgical treatment (‘en bloc’ resections were more often employed in the non-elderly); post-operative complications and local control (no difference between the three groups); multiple primary malignancies (head and neck, oesophagus and lung were more frequent in non-elderly patients) and survival (no difference).Although age affects several features of head and neck cancer patients, it does not appear from the present study to be an independent prognostic factor for local control and survival. With regard to survival, stage appeared to be the most important prognostic factor.
Infectious mononucleosis complicated by lingual tonsillitis
Authors: Har-El Gady , Josephson Jordan S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough upper airway obstruction and superimposed infection are well-known complications of infectious mononucleosis, lingual tonsillitis in this context has not been mentioned in the literature. We describe a case of acute bacterial lingual tonsillitis with airway obstruction complicating infectious mononucleosis. The role of the base of tongue region in the pathophysiology of infectious mononucleosis is discussed.
Acute upper airway obstruction following Teflon injection of a vocal cord; the value of nebulized adrenaline and a helium/oxygen mixture in its management
Authors: Solomons Neil B. , Livesey Jonathan R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA 67-year-old man presented with a 45-year history of a weak voice. This was the result of polio which had left him with a right vocal cord palsy.The patient underwent a Teflon injection of the right vocal cord under general anaesthesia to improve the quality of his voice. In the immediate post-operative period, he suffered acute upper airway obstruction. The problem of acute upper airway obstruction following Teflon injection is considered and its management with nebulized adrenaline and a helium/oxygen mixture is discussed.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a comparison between CT, MR and Gd MR imaging techniques
Authors: Wake M. , Phelps P. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma continues to be a difficult diagnostic problem in many patients. It is well known that amongst the many and varied manifestations of this disease, a unilateral middle ear effusion in an adult should be regarded with suspicion. Such a case in a 42-year-old patient is presented. In this case the benefit of Gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging over and above computerized tomography is demonstrated.
Why paranasal sinuses?
Authors: Blaney S. P. A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis essay attempts to address the perennial question ‘Why Paranasal Sinuses?’. In doing so it highlights the flaws in many much-favoured but ill-founded theories concerning the role of these sinuses in humans. It is concluded that the question can only be fully answered through a greater understanding of differential growth changes within the craniofacial massif.
Mucosal thickening on sinus X-rays and its significance
Authors: Wilson Paul S. , Grocutt Mark 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMucosal thickening is commonly seen on X-rays of the paranasal sinuses taken in the ENT department. This sometimes leads to a sinus washout, which is clear, even though the X-rays were strongly suggestive of disease.This paper examines the prevalence of sinus X-ray anomalies in a general population, having facial X-rays for conditions other than possible sinus disease. The study suggests that up to 50 per cent of the socalled normal population may have sinus X-ray appearances consistent with sinus disease, and this may partly explain clear returns on sinus washout.
Another hazard of ear syringing: malignant external otitis
Authors: Ford G. R. , Courteny-Harris R. G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of malignant external otitis is presented. This occurred in a healthy 72-year-old non-diabetic, non-immunocompromised man after ear syringing. The infection was treated with oral ciprofloxacin for eight weeks with complete resolution.
Laryngeal metastasis from colonic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cavicchi O. , Farneti G. , Occhiuzzi L. , Sorrenti G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractMetastases to the larynx from distant primaries are very rare. Usually the secondary lesjon comes from an hypemephroma or malignant melanoma. A case of metastatic laryngeal tumour from a colonic adenocarcinoma, occurring in a 59-year-old woman, is presented and the routes for laryngeal spread are discussed. The poor survival-rate of these patients justified only conservative surgery.
The effect of rifampicin on rhinoscieroma: an electron microscopic study
Authors: Gamea A. M. , El-Tatawi F. A. Y. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwenty-five cases suffering from rhinoscleroma were divided into two groups The first group consisted of 15 patients treated with rifampicin systemically The other group consisted of 10 patients treatcd locally with rifampicin in the form of ointment. Electron microscopic study of the pathological changes in the lesions showed that rifampicin is highly effective both systemically and locally in the treatment of rhinoscleroma.