bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Go back to start: gathering baseline data about gaming in libraries
Authors: Nicholson Scott 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop some baseline data about games in libraries in North America. The term games is taken broadly in this piece to mean all types of games from card and board games to video games. The focus is primarily on public libraries, but there is some discussion of school and academic libraries as well.Design/methodology/approachThere were two surveys done. The first was a phone survey of 400 public libraries, selected at random. The second survey was a Web‐based convenience sample of libraries of different types. In both studies, we asked questions about the support of gaming in the library, the types of gaming programs run in the library, and the goals and outcomes of those gaming programs.FindingsAround 78 per cent of public libraries support gaming of some type. About 40 per cent run formal gaming programs, and about 20 per cent circulate games. The larger the library, the more likely they are to support gaming. The primary goals of gaming in libraries are to attract the underserved, attract current library patrons, and to create a space for social interactions between members of the community.Research limitations/implicationsThe first study is a random sample and therefore is a statistically significant representation of the population. The second study, being a Web‐based convenience sample, is not statistically representative of a population.Originality/valueThis type of baseline data is not available. Understanding how libraries are supporting games is valuable to researchers in asking appropriate questions. In addition, it helps libraries considering adding games to their services to learn how other libraries are doing it.
Making games seriously
Authors: Cross Carl 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the initial stages of a year to 18 month project to design and produce a peer designed video game for teenagers for use across Derbyshire Libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe context is set with an overview of educational games focusing on the UK experience before examining both commercial off the shelf and bespoke games in schools, universities and libraries in the USA and UK.FindingsThe paper posits a specification it is believed will result in a game which is both educational and fun.Originality/valueDescribes the initial development of a peer designed game for young people.
Crashing the Facebook party
Authors: Graham Jamie M. , Faix Allison , Hartman Lisa 
Published: March 2009

PurposeFacebook has become one of the fastest growing social networking sites on the Internet. Due to its increasing popularity, using Facebook presents a prime opportunity to engage with students in the virtual environment. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the experimental group librarians at Kimbel Library created to try and connect with students.Design/methodology/approachThis paper begins with a brief overview of social networking as well a basic literature review. Although most of the paper focuses on Kimbel Library's experiences with Facebook, a brief survey of 100 academic librarians is also included. The main purpose of conducting the survey was to determine how and if other libraries were using Facebook to connect with their students.FindingsAfter evaluating the survey it was a surprise to find out that most of Kimbel Library's experiences were consistent with other academic libraries. Although use of Facebook began for the express purpose of engaging with students, it was a surprise how well using this technology allowed professional relationships to develop as well. Results from the survey, as well as suggestions for integrating and improving the usage of Facebook, are also discussed.Originality/valueThe value of social networking technology in higher education is still being determined. However, it is evident from the experiences presented that these technologies are here to stay. This paper attempts to address gaps in the current literature about the use of Facebook in academic libraries.
Untangling the relationship between libraries, young adults and Web 2.0
Authors: Cedeira Serantes Lucia 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis paper addresses a gap in the analysis of the dynamic and challenging relationship between libraries, Web 2.0 and young adults, suggesting the relevance of a critical approach.Design/methodology/approachThis paper represents an exploratory literature review with the objective of identifying a possible gap in the way the library and information science (LIS) community is addressing the concept of Web 2.0.FindingsFindings indicate that the research produced in other fields, such as communication or computer science; the way young adults interrelate with new technologies; and the need for collaboration between practitioners and researchers justify and support the use of a critical perspective to analyze the suggested topic.Originality/valueThe call for a critical approach to technology is certainly not a novel suggestion in the LIS scholarship; however, its resurgence is extremely relevant for the LIS field because of the significant role that technology is playing in the daily life of the library and its users.
Chemical and proximate composition of (Zizyphus spina‐christi) nabag fruit
Authors: Osman Magdi A. , Asif Ahmed Mohammed 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential food and industrial values of a tropical and underutilized indigenous plant.Design/methodology/approachSpecimens of a dry‐milled plant, namely: Zizyphus spina‐christi, were subjected to chemical analysis to determine their proximate, mineral, sugar, and amino acid compositions using standard procedures.FindingsThe fruit pulp was found to be a good source of energy, carbohydrates and rich in Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn, whereas the seeds are rich in crude fiber. Essential amino acids are 32.96 percent in fruit pulp and 25.22 percent in seeds, whereas non‐essential amino acids are 61.25 percent in fruit pulp and 73 percent in seeds.Originality/valueThe nutritional composition of the plant materials suggests that they may find use in food formulation operations and as industrial raw materials.
Metal working fluids: finding green in the manufacturing process
Authors: Siniawski Matthew , Bowman Chris 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a practical review of metal working fluids and their implications to the machining practice. Despite their widespread use and applications, there are several scientific and economic factors that call for an investigation of current practices and development of new approaches.Design/methodology/approachThere are numerous methods that diverge from traditional “wet” machining, which move towards an environmentally friendly and cost effective machining process. This includes looking at both minimum quantity lubrication and dry machining as methods to reduce recurring costs, lower health care premiums associated to metalworking fluid exposure, and to minimize the environmental footprint attributed to machining.FindingsTraditional machine lubrication techniques are in use today despite a lack of scientific or economic evidence that they function efficiently. Depending on the machine type and material used, there are several possible methods that can minimize or eliminate metalworking fluids from the machining process.Practical implicationsThis paper provides a practical assessment of current industrial practices and offers opportunities for improvement from both an economic and an environmental perspective.Originality/valueThis paper provides an overview of previously conducted research to suggest areas of improvement in manufacturing processes utilizing metalworking fluids.
Wear behavior of as‐cast and heat treated triple particle size SiC reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites
Authors: Maleque Abdul , Karim Rezaul 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the wear behavior of as‐cast (AC) and heat treated (HT) triple particle size (TPS) silicon carbide (SiC) reinforced aluminum alloy‐based metal matrix composites (SiCp/Al‐MMC).Design/methodology/approachAl‐MMCs were prepared using 20 vol.% SiC reinforcement into aluminum metal matrix and developed using a stir casting process. Stir casting is a primary process of composite production whereby the reinforcement ingredient material is incorporated into the molten metal by stirring. The TPS composite consist of SiC of three different sizes viz., coarse, intermediate, and fine. The solution heat treatment was done on AC composite at 540°C for 4 h followed by precipitation treatment. The wear test was carried out using a pin‐on‐disc type tribo‐test machine under dry sliding condition. A mathematical analysis was also done for power factor values based on wear and friction results. The wear morphology of the damaged surface was also studied using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in this investigation.FindingsThe test results showed that HT composite exhibited better wear resistance properties compared to AC composite. It is anticipated that heat treatment could be an effective method of optimizing the wear resistance properties of the developed Al‐MMC material.Practical implicationsThis paper provides a way to enhance the wear behavior of automotive tribo‐components such as brake rotor (disc and drum), brake pad, piston cylinder, etc.Originality/valueThis paper compares the wear behavior of AC and HT TPS reinforced Al‐MMC material under dry sliding condition.
Tribological behaviour when face milling AISI 4140 steel with minimum quantity fluid application
Authors: Sales Wisley , Becker Marcelo , Barcellos Clovis S. , Landre Jánes , Bonney John , Ezugwu Emmanuel O. 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of cutting fluid applied by minimum quantity technique when milling AISI 4140 steel with TiAlN coated cemented carbide inserts.Design/methodology/approachThe vegetable oil based cutting fluid evaluated was applied through a nozzle at the centre of the tool holder under vaporized conditions with a flow rate between 0 (dry cutting) and 200 ml/h, at 50 ml/h increments. Tool wear (based on maximum flank wear, VBmax), surface roughness parameters (Ra and Rt) and burr formation (length of burr, h) were recorded and evaluated. Scanning electron microscope images and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis of the worn tools show adhesion as the dominant wear mechanism.FindingsEncouraging tool performance was recorded when milling AISI 4140 steel due to improved lubrication and cooling at the cutting interfaces. Increase in cutting fluid flow rate improves tool life with gradual reduction of the surface roughness parameters and negligible influence on the burr length generated.Practical implicationsResults can be immediately applied on the shop floor.Originality/valueThe results show the improvement in tool wear after increase of the flow rate of the cutting fluid, applied by minimum quantity technique.
Measurement of lubrication conditions in a rolling element bearing in a refrigerant environment
Authors: Tuomas Roger , Isaksson Ove 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe ability to build up a film thickness separating the contacts in the bearing is essential to assure long service life of rolling element bearings. Rolling element bearings used in refrigeration suffer from poor film thickness due to decreased viscosity of the lubricant by the dilution of refrigerant in the oil. The purpose of this paper is to redesign a bearing test apparatus equipped with a capacitance measuring device able to monitor the lubrication status in the bearing online and include experiments to verify the capacitance measuring technique.Design/methodology/approachThe objective is to design a complete system to study film build up in rolling element bearings in a refrigerant environment and to use and evaluate the capacitance/resistance measuring technique.FindingsThe investigation shows good correlation between denting on tested bearings and the identified contacts by the capacitance measuring apparatus. The method is also useful when studying lift‐off or run‐in of a bearing.Originality/valueIn this paper, a bearing test apparatus is redesigned and equipped with a capacitance measuring device able to monitor the lubrication status in the bearing on‐line. The paper includes experiments to verify the capacitance measuring technique.
Frictional stability of pure and internally lubricated polyamides on a meso‐scale tribotester
Authors: Samyn Pieter , Tuzolana Tony M. 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to verify, experimentally, the sliding stability of cast polyamide samples under dry sliding in contact with different steel counterface roughnesses. The effect of catalyser (sodium or magnesium) and addition of internal oil or solid lubricants is investigated and a classification for coefficients of friction in relation to the polyamide intrinsic mechanical properties is discussed.Design/methodology/approachA new tribotester is designed for meso‐scale testing according to the elastic loading region of polymers. The reliability of the tribotester is verified by preliminary determination of the stick‐slip characteristics. Sliding tests for polyamide are done at 1.15‐5.15 N normal load and 0.125‐20 mm/s sliding velocity on steel counterfaces with roughness Ra=4 and 1.6 μm.FindingsPure polyamides sliding against rough steel show severe stick‐slip. The stick‐slip motion is eliminated in contact with smooth steel counterfaces. Magnesium catalysed polyamide has weaker mechanical properties and shows lower friction with better sliding stability compared to sodium catalysed polyamide. Internal oil lubricant is more efficient in reducing coefficients of friction than internal solid lubricants are. Surface energy measurements are related to coefficients of friction, showing the effect of internal lubrication on adhesion.Research limitations/implicationsPresent test results are very specific for the present tribotester configuration and should be further compared to macro‐scale testing. The choice of tribotest conditions strongly affects the sliding performance.Originality/valuePresent tests are done on the meso‐scale, being in between traditional macro‐scale testing and nano‐scale testing. It allows for low contact pressures avoiding the effects of frictional heating and relatively large surfaces areas including the effects of long‐range polymer structure such as internal lubrication.
Leader‐member exchange and subordinate outcomes: test of a mediation model
Authors: Bhal Kanika T. , Gulati Namrata , Ansari Mahfooz A. 
Published: March 2009

PurposeFollowing Hackettet al.'s treatment of the reasonably established role of leader‐member exchange (LMX) in employee outcomes, this paper seeks to examine the mechanism which operates between LMX and various work outcomes in an attempt to bridge this gap in the literature.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested using data from 306 working software professionals in India. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that contained standardized scales of LMX (perceived contribution and affect), satisfaction, commitment, and citizenship behavior (loyalty).FindingsA confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was done to examine the dimensionality of the study variables. Results provide support to all the hypotheses.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected from a single source, direction of causality is assumed (not tested) and all the data were collected through self‐reports. Some measures are taken to control them.Practical implicationsThe findings have implications for LMX enhancement interventions. Focusing on enhancement of the LMX‐Contribution dimension is more likely to improve the organization level commitment and citizenship behavior, whereas LMX‐Affect is likely to result in more affective reactions like satisfaction with the supervisor and the job.Originality/valueThe study adds to the literature by testing the proposed model in the Indian context, thus providing some empirical cross‐cultural validity to LMX‐subordinate‐related work outcomes relationships.
Modeling desired behaviors: do leaders need new technology?
Authors: Brown Jo Ann E. , Jo White Barbara 
Published: March 2009

PurposeLeaders model behaviors they want followers to emulate, and they use various technologies to enhance their message, but which tools are most effective? Using two studies, this paper sets out to compare the effectiveness of newer and older computer technologies used by leaders for describing and demonstrating desired behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThe first study, an interdisciplinary experimental design, involved 110 students across two college campuses and data were analyzed using a 2 (modeling and no modeling)×2 (older and newer technology) between‐subjects ANOVA. The second study further explored modeling with both technologies on one campus, and data were analyzed with independent samples t‐tests.FindingsNewer technology was more effective than older technology in increasing desired behaviors but only when coupled with modeling of those behaviors by the leader. However, after the novelty of the new technology had worn off, no significant difference in production of desired behaviors was observed.Practical implicationsJustifying the expense of purchasing new technology to replace functional older equipment is an important consideration for businesses and universities. Organizational leaders need factual, unbiased data to guide their decisions about allocating limited financial resources.Originality/valueThe studies were designed to provide decision‐makers with some much‐needed empirical data.
Leadership in a multicultural Arab organisation
Authors: Butler Colin 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate supervisor‐subordinates relations in a multicultural organisation and establish relationships between the background of employees and leader‐member (LMX) exchanges.Design/methodology/approachA large‐scale survey was designed and distributed to 300 employees of the national university in the United Arab Emirates. Quantitative data analysis using regression was conducted on SPSS.FindingsThe quality of exchanges and relations between supervisors and subordinates is related to the work experience of employees. Leadership should be top‐down and emphasise charisma to win employees' admiration and increase satisfaction. Commitment to the organisation is related to the quality of supervisor‐subordinate relations.Research limitations/implicationsThe research does not analyse supervisor‐subordinate dyads across multidisciplinary boundaries. All dyads work within the same discipline.Practical implicationsIn a multicultural organisation, transformational leadership in supervisor‐subordinates demonstrates care for the personal relationships with a diverse group of people that in turn builds better leader‐member exchanges, trust and organisational commitment.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the understanding of how employees in a multicultural organisation perceive leadership and relations with supervisors.
Social capital and leadership development
Authors: McCallum Shelly , O'Connell David 
Published: March 2009

PurposeAs organizations face volatile and virtual environments there is a growing need to equip emerging leaders with skills to generate, utilize and maintain social capital. This paper aims to examine five recent, large leadership studies to clarify the role that human capital or social capital capabilities play in present day and future leadership.Design/methodology/approachResearchers review five recent large leadership studies, assessing the human capital and/or social capital orientation of identified leadership capabilities.FindingsThe analysis indicates that, although there is a primary focus on human capital capabilities, social capital skills have begun to receive more attention as components of a leader's skill set.Research limitations/implicationsThe review focused on five published studies and does not reflect the comprehensiveness of a meta‐analysis. Hence conclusions may not apply to all situations. Further exploration and longitudinal study of the efficacy of various developmental approaches and the differential impacts of human and social capital approaches on leaders' effectiveness is suggested.Practical implicationsThe growing value placed on leadership social capital capabilities is further addressed here through the presentation of specific social capital skill development initiatives that may be implemented within an organization.Originality/valueThe paper suggests that social capital skills have received more attention recently, yet remain undervalued compared with human capital as important leadership components and offers suggestions for enhancing leadership development initiatives through specific foci on social capital skill development including adopting an open‐systems organic mindset, leveraging relational aspects of leadership development, and building networking and story‐telling skills.
Enhancing the success of organizational change
Authors: Self Dennis R. , Schraeder Mike 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThis paper seeks to provide guidance on specific ways by which organizations can overcome resistance by matching readiness strategies with forms of resistance.Design/methodological approachThe paper summarizes literature on resistance to change and readiness to change, leading to the development of specific recommendations for reducing resistance through specific readiness strategies.FindingsResistance, though common, may be more effectively managed if specific readiness strategies are matched with requisite sources of resistance.Practical implicationsThe paper provides guidance on addressing primary sources of resistance by matching them with specific elements proposed by Armenakis et al. that lead to readiness for change.Originality/valueThe synthesis of literature related to creating readiness for change and resistance to change leads to a resistance to change typology, including three domains. While these domains have been addressed in change literature, the paper further expands on these domains by offering potential sources of resistances within each domain. This should lead to future research that explores these domains and sources within each domain in greater depth.
Action research for practising managers
Authors: French Steven 
Published: March 2009

PurposeThe paper seeks to develop a coherent model for the application of action research to problems in the field of management.Design/methodology/approachAn extensive review of the literature was undertaken.FindingsNo model of the process of conducting an action research programme is extant in the literature. Several scholars have commented on this anomaly. Action research has many applications and the methodological choice should be determined by the research problem. This paper provides a working model for researchers in the field of management to apply to their research problem, given that they have a reasonable understanding of the problem and can develop their research question by conducting a literature review.Practical implicationsResearchers in the field of management can rely on the academic validity of following this model.Originality/valueThe ideas of several respected researchers in the field of action research have been combined to provide a coherent approach to the conduct of an action research programme.