bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, predictors and immediate neonatal outcomes of birth asphyxia in Nigeria
Authors: Ikechebelu Joseph Ifeanyichukwu , Eleje George Uchenna , Onubogu Chinyere Ukamaka , Ojiegbe Nnabuike Okechukwu , Ekwochi Uchenna , Ezebialu Ifeanyichukwu Uzoma , Ezenkwele Eziamaka Pauline , Nzeribe Emily Akuabia , Umeh Uchenna Anthony , Obumneme‐Anyim Ijeoma , Nwokeji‐Onwe Linda Nneka , Settecase Eugenia , Ugwu Innocent Anayochukwu , Chianakwana Ogochukwu , Ibekwe Nkechi Theresa , Ezeaku Onyebuchi Ignatius , Ekweagu Gloria Nwuka , Onwe Abraham Bong , Lavin Tina , Tukur Jamilu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the incidence and sociodemographic and clinical risk factors associated with birth asphyxia and the immediate neonatal outcomes of birth asphyxia in Nigeria.DesignSecondary analysis of data from the Maternal and Perinatal Database for Quality, Equity and Dignity Programme.SettingFifty‐four consenting referral‐level hospitals (48 public and six private) across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria.PopulationWomen (and their babies) who were admitted for delivery in the facilities between 1 September 2019 and 31 August 2020.MethodsData were extracted and analysed on prevalence and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with birth asphyxia and the immediate perinatal outcomes. Multilevel logistic regression modelling was used to ascertain the factors associated with birth asphyxia.Main outcome measuresIncidence, case fatality rate and factors associated with birth asphyxia.ResultsOf the available data, 65 383 (91.1%) women and 67 602 (90.9%) babies had complete data and were included in the analysis. The incidence of birth asphyxia was 3.0% (2027/67 602) and the case fatality rate was 16.8% (339/2022). The risk factors for birth asphyxia were uterine rupture, pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia, abruptio placentae/placenta praevia, birth trauma, fetal distress and congenital anomaly. The following factors were independently associated with a risk of birth asphyxia: maternal age, woman's education level, husband's occupation, parity, antenatal care, referral status, cadre of health professional present at the birth, sex of the newborn, birthweight and mode of birth. Common adverse neonatal outcomes included: admission to a special care baby unit (SCBU), 88.4%; early neonatal death, 14.2%; neonatal sepsis, 4.5%; and respiratory distress, 4.4%.ConclusionsThe incidence of reported birth asphyxia in the participating facilities was low, with around one in six or seven babies with birth asphyxia dying. Factors associated with birth asphyxia included sociodemographic and clinical considerations, underscoring a need for a comprehensive approach focused on the empowerment of women and ensuring access to quality antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care.
Differentiation, dominance and fairness in the European Union: Bringing in the citizens’ perspective
Authors: HEERMANN MAX , LEUFFEN DIRK , SCHUESSLER JULIAN 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article analyses whether and how fairness considerations affect citizens’ support of European Union (EU) policies and integration. While past literature has revealed that perceptions of procedural and substantive fairness impact on public opinion at the level of the nation state, we know less about the fairness‐support nexus when it comes to international cooperation. We here make use of the case of differentiated integration (DI) to experimentally dissect normative and utility‐oriented considerations in the evaluation of EU policies. DI as an instrument to overcome heterogeneity‐induced gridlock has been linked to both autonomy and dominance, and it can generate winners and losers in the EU. Our experiments reveal that citizens largely support DI. However, they are opposed to forms of DI which impose negative externalities on a subgroup of EU member states. This holds irrespective of the affectedness of citizens’ own member states. We take these findings as a first experimental confirmation that citizens, indeed, care about the fairness of the EU and its policies.
A comprehensive review of the mechanisms on fish stress affecting muscle qualities: Nutrition, physical properties, and flavor
Authors: Peng Ling , Zhang Liangzi , Xiong Shanbai , You Juan , Liu Ru , Xu Defeng , Huang Qilin , Ma Huawei , Yin Tao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFish inevitably face numerous stressors in growth, processing, and circulation. In recent years, stress‐related change in fish muscle quality has gradually become a research hotspot. Thus, the understanding of the mechanism regarding the change is constantly deepening. This review introduces the physiological regulation of fish under stress, with particular attention devoted to signal transduction, gene expression, and metabolism, and changes in the physiological characteristics of muscular cells. Then, the influences of various stressors on the nutrition, physical properties, and flavor of the fish muscle are sequentially described. This review emphasizes recent advances in the mechanisms underlying changes in muscle quality, which are believed to be involved mainly in physiological regulation under stress. In addition, studies are also introduced on improving muscle quality by mitigating fish stress.
Evaluation of a pathway to address take own leave events for First Nations peoples presenting for emergency care: The Deadly RED project
Authors: Davison Michelle , Chan Jason , Clarke Meg , Mitchell Caroline , Yan Alan , Ballard Emma , Henaway Elwyn 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe ‘Deadly RED’ project primarily aimed to improve culturally competent care to reduce the number of First Nations patients presenting to a Queensland ED who ‘Take own leave’ (TOL). The secondary aim was to evaluate the implementation project.MethodsA pre/post‐test quasi experimental study design using mixed methods was co‐designed with adherence to Indigenous research considerations. Quantitative analysis of First Nations presentations before and after Deadly RED implementation was performed using SPSS. Qualitative analysis of transcribed research yarns in NVIVO was coded and themed for analysis. Staff experiences and perspectives were collated using electronically distributed surveys and process audits were performed.ResultsA total of 1096 First Nations presentations June to August 2021 and 1167 in the matched 2022 post‐implementation period were analysed. Significantly more patients were recorded as TOL post‐implementation (13.0% pre vs 21.3% post) and representations rates were unchanged. Forty‐six staff surveyed identified improvements in all parameters including cultural appropriateness and quality of care. Qualitative analysis of 85 research yarns revealed themes migrated to increasingly acceptable, accessible, and usable care. Notably, 45% of the First Nation's patients recorded as TOL self‐reported that their treatment was complete. The study was feasible as 80% of packs distributed and 73% follow‐up screening after TOL.ConclusionsThe Deadly RED evaluation revealed significant discrepancies in the reported data points of TOL and the ‘story’ of the First Nations persons experience of appropriate and completed care. Staff awareness and cultural capability improved significantly, and yarning allowed knowledge translation and improvements in communication which contributed to a better healthcare experience for First Nations patients attending our ED.
Combining transfer learning and hyperspectral imaging to identify bruises of pears across different bruise types
Authors: Liu Dayang , Zhang Huiting , Lv Feng , Tao Yanrong , Zhu Liangkuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMechanical bruise is one of the most crucial factors affecting the quality of pears, which has a huge influence on postharvest transportation, storage, and sale of pears. To rapidly detect early bruises of pears across different bruise types, hyperspectral imaging technology coupled with transfer learning methods was performed in this study.Two transfer learning methods, that is, transfer component analysis (TCA) and manifold embedded distribution alignment (MEDA), were applied for two tasks (impact bruise → crush bruise, crush bruise → impact bruise). Supporting vector machine (SVM) was set as a baseline to conduct analysis and comparison of the transferability of the models. The result showed that, for task 1 (impact bruise → crush bruise), MEDA and TCA‐SVM model achieved a classification accuracy of 93.33% and 91.11% in target domain, individually. For task 2 (crush bruise →impact bruise), MEDA and TCA‐SVM model achieved an accuracy of 88.89% and 85.19% in target domain, respectively. Both the two models improved the accuracy compared with SVM models (84.44% for task 1; 77.04% for task 2).Overall, the results indicated that transfer learning approaches could perform pear bruise detection across different bruise types. Hyperspectral imaging in combination with transfer learning methods is a promising possibility for the efficient and cost‐saving field detection of fruit bruises among different bruise types.Practical ApplicationThe production and export of pears are faced with problems of mechanical damage due to vibration, collision, impact, and other factors, which cause chemical changes in color, odor, and taste. Sometimes the bruise was too slight to be ignored which would infect with other fruits in the future. In this study, we used hyperspectral imaging combined with transfer learning method could detect these slight bruises caused by different factors. Distinguishing different types of damage can provide a reference for quick judgment of the process causing damage and take prompt measures to reduce economic losses.
Personalized, tumor‐informed, circulating tumor DNA assay for detecting minimal residual disease in non‐small cell lung cancer patients receiving curative treatments
Authors: Oh Youjin , Yoon Sung Mi , Lee Jeeyeon , Park Joo Hee , Lee Soowon , Hong Timothy , Chung Liam Il‐young , Sudhaman Sumedha , Riddell Timothy , Palsuledesai Charuta C. , Krainock Michael , Liu Minetta C. , Chae Young Kwang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCirculating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD), monitoring treatment response, and early detection of recurrence in cancer patients. In this study, we explored the utility of ctDNA‐based MRD detection to predict recurrence in a real‐world cohort of primarily early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with curative intent.MethodsLongitudinal plasma samples were collected post curative‐intent treatment from 36 patients with stage I–IV NSCLC. A personalized, tumor‐informed assay was used to detect and quantify ctDNA in plasma samples.ResultsOf the 24 patients with plasma samples available during the MRD window (within 6 months of curative surgery and before adjuvant therapy), ctDNA was detectable in two patients. Patients with ctDNA‐positivity during the MRD window were 15 times more likely to recur compared to ctDNA‐negative patients (HR: 15.0, 95% CI: 1.0–253.0, p = 0.010). At any time post‐curative intent treatment, ctDNA‐positivity was associated with significantly poorer recurrence‐free survival compared to persistently ctDNA‐negative patients (p < 0.0001).ConclusionOur real‐world data indicate that longitudinal, personalized, tumor‐informed ctDNA monitoring is a valuable tool in patients with NSCLC receiving curative treatment to identify patients at high risk for recurrence.
Help‐seeking preference in obtaining social support for older adults in depopulated areas
Authors: Tone Hanami , Hirano Michiyo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the circumstances of help‐seeking preference among older adults in depopulated areas and the relationship between help‐seeking preference and social support.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study that included a sample of 271 men and women aged 65–79 years living in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess help‐seeking preference, social cohesion (community trust, norms of reciprocity and community attachment), socialising (interaction with neighbors and social network) and social support. Multiple regression analysis was performed with items that were found to be significantly associated with social support in the univariate analysis. Then, we examined the significance of the change in the coefficient of determination between a model that included help‐seeking preference as an independent variable and a model that did not.ResultsSocial support was related to help‐seeking preference, living arrangements, economic status, norms of reciprocity and social networks. There was a significant difference in the coefficient of determination between the models with and without help‐seeking preference.ConclusionsFor older adults in depopulated areas to obtain social support, it is important to build trusting relationships with others and shows a willingness to seek and accept help.
Implementation and evaluation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™) in acute care
Authors: Paulik Olivia , Whitaker Robyn , Mesuria Monita , Wong Debbie , Swanson Katie , Green Heidi , Sikhosana Nqobile , Fernandez Ritin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™) has been used to identify patients at risk of deteriorating and dying within 1 year. Early identification and integration of advance care planning (ACP) provides the opportunity for a better quality of life for patients. The aims of this study were to identify the number of patients who were SPICT™ positive; their mortality rates at 6 and 12 months of the SPICT™ assessment; and level of adherence to ACP documentation.MethodsA retrospective audit of the Supportive and Palliative Care database was conducted at an acute aged care precinct in a major metropolitan tertiary referral hospital in New South Wales, Australia. Data comprising demographics, clinical conditions, SPICT™ positivity and compliance with ACP documentation were collected. SPICT™‐positive patients and mortality were tracked at 6 and 12 months, respectively.ResultsData from 153 patients were collected. The mean age of the patients was 84.1 (±7.8) years, and the length of hospital stay was 10 (±24.7) (range 1–269) days. Approximately 37% were from residential care, and 80% had family deciding on their care. About 15% died during hospitalisation, and 48% were discharged to a care facility. The ACP documentation showed various levels of completion. Mortality rates at 6 and 12 months were 36% and 39%, respectively. Most patients (99%) were SPICT™‐positive, with indicators correlating with higher mortality rates at both follow‐ups.ConclusionsThe study emphasises the critical need for addressing ACP and palliative care among older patients with life‐limiting conditions. It underscores the importance of timely discussions, documentation, and cessation of futile interventions.
An integrated molecular risk score early in life for subsequent childhood asthma risk
Authors: Böck Andreas , Urner Kathrin , Eckert Jana Kristin , Salvermoser Michael , Laubhahn Kristina , Kunze Sonja , Kumbrink Jörg , Hoeppner Marc P. , Kalkbrenner Kathrin , Kreimeier Simone , Beyer Kirsten , Hamelmann Eckard , Kabesch Michael , Depner Martin , Hansen Gesine , Riedler Josef , Roponen Marjut , Schmausser‐Hechfellner Elisabeth , Barnig Cindy , Divaret‐Chauveau Amandine , Karvonen Anne M. , Pekkanen Juha , Frei Remo , Roduit Caroline , Lauener Roger , Schaub Bianca ,   CHAMP study group; PASTURE study group
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous children present with early wheeze symptoms, yet solely a subgroup develops childhood asthma. Early identification of children at risk is key for clinical monitoring, timely patient‐tailored treatment, and preventing chronic, severe sequelae. For early prediction of childhood asthma, we aimed to define an integrated risk score combining established risk factors with genome‐wide molecular markers at birth, complemented by subsequent clinical symptoms/diagnoses (wheezing, atopic dermatitis, food allergy).MethodsThree longitudinal birth cohorts (PAULINA/PAULCHEN, n = 190 + 93 = 283, PASTURE, n = 1133) were used to predict childhood asthma (age 5–11) including epidemiological characteristics and molecular markers: genotype, DNA methylation and mRNA expression (RNASeq/NanoString). Apparent (ap) and optimism‐corrected (oc) performance (AUC/R2) was assessed leveraging evidence from independent studies (Naïve‐Bayes approach) combined with high‐dimensional logistic regression models (LASSO).ResultsAsthma prediction with epidemiological characteristics at birth (maternal asthma, sex, farm environment) yielded an ocAUC = 0.65. Inclusion of molecular markers as predictors resulted in an improvement in apparent prediction performance, however, for optimism‐corrected performance only a moderate increase was observed (upto ocAUC = 0.68). The greatest discriminate power was reached by adding the first symptoms/diagnosis (up to ocAUC = 0.76; increase of 0.08, p = .002). Longitudinal analysis of selected mRNA expression in PASTURE (cord blood, 1, 4.5, 6 years) showed that expression at age six had the strongest association with asthma and correlation of genes getting larger over time (r = .59, p < .001, 4.5–6 years).ConclusionApplying epidemiological predictors alone showed moderate predictive abilities. Molecular markers from birth modestly improved prediction. Allergic symptoms/diagnoses enhanced the power of prediction, which is important for clinical practice and for the design of future studies with molecular markers.
Differential effect of endogenous glucagon‐like peptide‐1 on prandial glucose counterregulatory response to hypoglycaemia in humans with and without bariatric surgery
Authors: Honka Henri , Gastaldelli Amalia , Pezzica Samantha , Peterson Richard , DeFronzo Ralph , Salehi Marzieh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo determine the effect of endogenous glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) on prandial counterregulatory response to hypoglycaemia after gastric bypass (GB).Materials and MethodsGlucose fluxes, and islet‐cell and gut hormone responses before and after mixed‐meal ingestion, were compared during a hyperinsulinaemic‐hypoglycaemic (~3.2 mmol/L) clamp with and without a GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) antagonist exendin‐(9–39) infusion in non‐diabetic patients who had previously undergone GB compared to matched participants who had previously undergone sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and non‐surgical controls.ResultsExendin‐(9–39) infusion raised prandial endogenous glucose production (EGP) response to insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia in the GB group but had no consistent effect on EGP response among the SG group or non‐surgical controls (p < 0.05 for interaction). The rates of systemic appearance of ingested glucose or prandial glucose utilization did not differ among the three groups or between studies with and without exendin‐(9–39) infusion. Blockade of GLP‐1R had no effect on insulin secretion or insulin action but enhanced prandial glucagon in all three groups.ConclusionsThese results indicate that impaired post‐meal glucose counterregulatory response to hypoglycaemia after GB is partly mediated by endogenous GLP‐1, highlighting a novel pathogenic mechanism of GLP‐1 in developing hypoglycaemia in this population.
Effects of cold storage temperature, host status, and larval stage on the biological characteristics of Cotesia chilonis
Authors: Dong Chuan‐Lei , Zhu Feng , Du Yu‐Zhou , Lu Ming‐Xing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractShelf life is an important determinant of the quality of parasitoids used as natural enemies in augmentation biological control. Cotesia chilonis (Munakata) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an obligate endoparasitoid of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), has potential for use through augmentation biological control in China. Here, the effects of cold storage temperature, host status, and larval stage on the biological characteristics of C. chilonis were investigated to extend the agent's shelf life. Results showed that the number of healthy C. chilonis adults obtained was reduced by 3.5% and 47.7% when C. suppressalis larvae in either natural or induced diapause were used as hosts compared to nondiapausing control larvae. Both parasitism and cold storage significantly reduced the supercooling point of nondiapausing C. suppressalis larvae, whereas the opposite result was observed in those of natural diapause. In order to improve the long‐term storage of C. chilonis, nondiapausing C. suppressalis larvae were parasitized for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days to allow C. chilonis to develop into different larval stages before being transferred into cold storage for 30 days at 4 or 10°C. Compared to the control, the C. chilonis cocoon formation and emergence rates of the 1‐day‐old egg treatment group held at 10°C were reduced by 15% and 17%, respectively. The results also showed that the duration of the larval stage of C. chilonis was prolonged fourfold after storage at 4 and 10°C. Individuals held at 10°C had a significantly longer cocoon and adult stage compared to those held at 4°C. The biological parameters and life history of the F1 generation of C. chilonis returned to normal levels under laboratory conditions. In conclusion, C. suppressalis larvae were successfully used to extend the shelf life of C. chilonis for use in augmentative biocontrol programs.
How useful is genomic data for predicting maladaptation to future climate?
Authors: Lind Brandon M. , Candido‐Ribeiro Rafael , Singh Pooja , Lu Mengmeng , Obreht Vidakovic Dragana , Booker Tom R. , Whitlock Michael C. , Yeaman Sam , Isabel Nathalie , Aitken Sally N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMethods using genomic information to forecast potential population maladaptation to climate change or new environments are becoming increasingly common, yet the lack of model validation poses serious hurdles toward their incorporation into management and policy. Here, we compare the validation of maladaptation estimates derived from two methods—Gradient Forests (GFoffset) and the risk of non‐adaptedness (RONA)—using exome capture pool‐seq data from 35 to 39 populations across three conifer taxa: two Douglas‐fir varieties and jack pine. We evaluate sensitivity of these algorithms to the source of input loci (markers selected from genotype–environment associations [GEA] or those selected at random). We validate these methods against 2‐ and 52‐year growth and mortality measured in independent transplant experiments. Overall, we find that both methods often better predict transplant performance than climatic or geographic distances. We also find that GFoffset and RONA models are surprisingly not improved using GEA candidates. Even with promising validation results, variation in model projections to future climates makes it difficult to identify the most maladapted populations using either method. Our work advances understanding of the sensitivity and applicability of these approaches, and we discuss recommendations for their future use.