bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disposable Reagentless Electrochemical Immunosensor Array Based on a Biopolymer/Sol-Gel Membrane for Simultaneous Measurement of Several Tumor Markers
Authors: Wu Jie , Yan Feng , Zhang Xiaoqing , Yan Yuetian , Tang Jinhai , Ju Huangxian 
Published: July 2008

Abstract
Background: A reagentless sensor array for simultaneous multianalyte testing (SMAT) may enable accurate diagnosis and be applicable for point-of-care testing. We developed a disposable reagentless immunosensor array for simple immunoassay of panels of tumor markers.
Methods: We carried out SMAT with a direct capture format, in which colloidal gold nanoparticles with bound horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibodies were immobilized on screen-printed carbon electrodes with biopolymer/sol-gel to trap their corresponding antigens from sample solution. Upon formation of immunocomplex, the direct electrochemical signal of the HRP decreased owing to increasing spatial blocking, and the analytes could be simultaneously determined by monitoring the signal changes.
Results: The proposed reagentless immunosensor array allowed simultaneous detection of carcinoma antigen 153, carcinoma antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 199, and carcinoembryonic antigen in clinical serum samples in the ranges of 0.4–140 kU/L, 0.5–330 kU/L, 0.8–190 kU/L, and 0.1–44 μg/L, respectively, with detection limits of 0.2 kU/L, 0.5 kU/L, 0.3 kU/L, and 0.1 μg/L corresponding to the signals 3 SD above the mean of a zero standard. The interassay imprecision of the arrays was &lt;9.5%, and they were stable for 35 days. The positivity detection rate of panels of tumor markers was &gt;95.5% for 95 cases of cancer-positive sera.
Conclusions: The immunosensor array provides a SMAT with short analytical time, small sampling volume, no need for substrate, and, no between-electrode cross-talk. This method not only proved the capability of the array in point-of-care testing, but also allowed simultaneous testing of several tumor markers.
Prognostic Value of Chromogranin A at Admission in Critically Ill Patients: A Cohort Study in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Zhang Dan , Lavaux Thomas , Voegeli Anne-Claire , Lavigne Thierry , Castelain Vincent , Meyer Nicolas , Sapin Rémy , Aunis Dominique , Metz-Boutigue Marie-Hélène , Schneider Francis 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground: Risk assessments of patients should be based on objective variables, such as biological markers that can be measured routinely. The acute response to stress causes the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla accompanied by chromogranin A (CGA). To date, no study has evaluated the prognostic value of CGA in critically ill intensive care unit patients.Methods: We conducted a prospective study of intensive care unit patients by measuring serum procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CGA at the time of admission. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the ability of these biomarkers to predict mortality.Results: In 120 consecutive patients, we found positive correlations between CGA and the following: CRP (r2 = 0.216; P = 0.02), PCT (r2 = 0.396; P &lt; 0.001), Simplified Acute Physiologic Score II (SAPS II) (r2 = 0.438; P &lt; 0.001), and the Logistic Organ Dysfunction System (LODS) score (r2 = 0.374; P &lt; 0.001). Nonsurvivors had significantly higher CGA and PCT concentrations than survivors [median (interquartile range): 293.0 μg/L (163.5–699.5 μg/L) vs 86.0 μg/L (53.8–175.3 μg/L) for CGA, and 6.78 μg/L (2.39–22.92 μg/L) vs 0.54 μg/L (0.16–6.28 μg/L) for PCT; P &lt; 0.001 for both comparisons]. In a multivariable linear regression analysis, creatinine (P &lt; 0.001), age (P &lt; 0.001), and SAPS II (P = 0.002) were the only significant independent variables predicting CGA concentration (r2 = 0.352). A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified 3 independent factors predicting death: log-normalized CGA concentration [hazard ratio (HR), 7.248; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.004–17.487], SAPS II (HR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.026–1.067), and cardiogenic shock (HR, 3.920; 95% CI, 1.731–8.880).Conclusions: CGA is a strong and independent indicator of prognosis in critically ill nonsurgical patients.
Pitfalls and Prevention Strategies for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in the Selected Reaction– Monitoring Mode for Drug Analysis
Authors: Sauvage François-Ludovic , Gaulier Jean-Michel , Lachâtre Gérard , Marquet Pierre 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackground: We observed cases of false-positive results with the use of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Different LC-MS/MS techniques that use the selected reaction-monitoring mode, routinely employed for the analysis and quantification of drugs and toxic compounds in biological matrices, were involved in the false-positive and potentially false-positive results obtained. We sought to analyze the causes of and solutions to this problem.Methods: We used a previously reported LC-MS/MS general unknown screening method, as well as manual spectral investigation in 1 case, to perform verification and identification of interfering compounds.Results: We observed that false-positive results involved: a metabolite of zolpidem that might have been mistaken for lysergic acid diethylamide, benzoylecgonine mistaken for atropine, and clomipramine and 3 phenothiazines that share several common ion transitions.Conclusions: To prevent problems such as those we experienced, we recommend the use of stable-isotope internal standards when possible, relative retention times, 2 transitions or more per compound when possible, and acceptable relative abundance ratios between transitions, with an experience-based tolerance of ±15% for transitions with a relative abundance &gt;10% and with an extension to ±25% for transitions &lt;10% when the concentration is at the limit of quantification. A powerful general unknown screening procedure can help to confirm suspected interferences. Our results indicate that the specificity of screening procedures is questionable for LC-MS/MS analyses performed in the selected reaction-monitoring mode and involving a large number of compounds with only 1 transition per compound.
Trueness verification of actual creatinine assays in the European market demonstrates a disappointing variability that needs substantial improvement. An international study in the framework of the EC4 creatinine standardization working group
Authors: Delanghe Joris R. , Cobbaert Christa , Galteau Marie-Madeleine , Harmoinen Aimo , Jansen Rob , Kruse Rolf , Laitinen Päivi , Thienpont Linda M. , Wuyts Birgitte , Weykamp Cas , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: July 2008

Abstract: The European In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD) directive requires traceability to reference methods and materials of analytes. It is a task of the profession to verify the trueness of results and IVD compatibility.: The results of a trueness verification study by the European Communities Confederation of Clinical Chemistry (EC4) working group on creatinine standardization are described, in which 189 European laboratories analyzed serum creatinine in a commutable serum-based material, using analytical systems from seven companies. Values were targeted using isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results were tested on their compliance to a set of three criteria: trueness, i.e., no significant bias relative to the target value, between-laboratory variation and within-laboratory variation relative to the maximum allowable error.: For the lower and intermediate level, values differed significantly from the target value in the Jaffe and the dry chemistry methods. At the high level, dry chemistry yielded higher results. Between-laboratory coefficients of variation ranged from 4.37% to 8.74%. Total error budget was mainly consumed by the bias. Non-compensated Jaffe methods largely exceeded the total error budget. Best results were obtained for the enzymatic method. The dry chemistry method consumed a large part of its error budget due to calibration bias.: Despite the European IVD directive and the growing needs for creatinine standardization, an unacceptable inter-laboratory variation was observed, which was mainly due to calibration differences. The calibration variation has major clinical consequences, in particular in pediatrics, where reference ranges for serum and plasma creatinine are low, and in the estimation of glomerular filtration rate.Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46:1319–25.
Migration of Neurotrophic Factors-Secreting Mesenchymal Stem Cells Toward a Quinolinic Acid Lesion as Viewed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Sadan Ofer , Shemesh Noam , Barzilay Ran , Bahat-Stromza Merav , Melamed Eldad , Cohen Yoram , Offen Daniel 
Published: July 2008

Abstract
Stem cell-based treatment is a promising frontier for neurodegenerative diseases. We propose a novel protocol for inducing the differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) toward neurotrophic factor (NTF)-secreting cells as a possible neuroprotective agent. One of the major caveats of stem cell transplantation is their fate post-transplantation. To test the viability of the cells, we tracked the transplanted cells in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and validated the results by histology. MSCs went through a two-step medium-based differentiation protocol, followed by in vitro characterization using immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting analysis of the cell media. We examined the migratory properties of the cells in the quinolinic acid (QA)-induced striatal lesion model for Huntington's disease. The induced cells were labeled and transplanted posterior to the lesion. Rats underwent serial MRI scans to detect cell migration in vivo. On the 19th day, animals were sacrificed, and their brains were removed for immunostaining. Rat MSCs postinduction exhibited both neuronal and astrocyte markers, as well as production and secretion of NTFs. High-resolution two-dimensional and three-dimensional magnetic resonance images revealed that the cells migrated along a distinct route toward the lesion. The in vivo MRI results were validated by the histological study, which demonstrated that phagocytosis had only partially occurred and that MRI could correctly depict the status of the migrating cells. The results show that these cells migrated toward a QA lesion and therefore survived for 19 days post-transplantation. This gives hope for future research harnessing these cells for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Toward a nontoxic poison: Current trends in (European union) biocides regulation
Authors: Kähkönen Elina , Nordström Katrina 
Published: July 2008

Abstract
The number of products containing biocides is increasing at the same time as the number of available biocides is decreasing. Biocides are biologically active chemicals with a vast area of applications where demands for maintaining product quality by use of biocides presents a major challenge for developers striving to meet emerging environmental concerns and fulfilling criteria for eco-labeled consumer products. Tightening regulations have, however, led to stagnation in the current development of new biocide chemistries, and the “nontoxic poison” has yet to be formulated. Accordingly, the present article presents a critical overview of European Union regulation of biocides and their usage and of some of the future challenges for meeting demands for environmentally safe products and processes in which biocides are used. The Biocidal Product Directive, which is presently implemented, is one focus in the present article. Regulations of environmental, health, and safety (EHS) risk classifications and their role in the future development of biocide-containing products are also discussed. Studying the biocide dilemma may provide tools for the chemical industry as whole for proactive anticipation of the effect of emerging regulatory demands on product development.
A cooperative neural dynamic model for solving general convex nonlinear optimization problems with fuzzy parameters and an application in manufacturing systems
Authors: Jahangiri Mohammadreza , Nazemi Alireza 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn the presented study, the solution of the fuzzy nonlinear optimization problems (FNLOPs) is calculated using a recurrent neural network (RNN) model. Since there is a few research for solving FNLOP by RNN's, we give a new approach to solve the problem. By reducing the original program to an interval problem and then weighting problem, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions are given. Moreover, we use the KKT conditions into a RNN as an important tool to solve the problem. Besides, the global convergence properties and the Lyapunov stability of the dynamic model are studied in this study. In the final step, some illustrative examples are considered to establish the obtained results. Reported results are compared with some others network models.
Cell Membrane‐Camouflaged Chitosan‐Polypyrrole Nanogels Co‐Deliver Drug and Gene for Targeted Chemotherapy and Bone Metastasis Inhibition of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yu Qiuyu , Gao Yue , Dai Waicong , Li Danni , Zhang Lu , Hameed Meera Moydeen Abdul , Guo Rui , Liu Min , Shi Xiangyang , Cao Xueyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe development of functional nanoplatforms to improve the chemotherapy outcome and inhibit distal cancer cell metastasis remains an extreme challenge in cancer management. In this work, a human‐derived PC‐3 cancer cell membrane‐camouflaged chitosan‐polypyrrole nanogel (CH‐PPy NG) platform, which can be loaded with chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel (DTX) and RANK siRNA for targeted chemotherapy and gene silencing‐mediated metastasis inhibition of late‐stage prostate cancer in a mouse model, is reported. The prepared NGs with a size of 155.8 nm show good biocompatibility, pH‐responsive drug release profile, and homologous targeting specificity to cancer cells, allowing for efficient and precise drug/gene co‐delivery. Through in‐vivo antitumor treatment in a xenografted PC‐3 mouse tumor model, it is shown that such a CH‐PPy NG‐facilitated co‐delivery system allows for effective chemotherapy to slow down the tumor growth rate, and effectively inhibits the metastasis of prostate cancer to the bone via downregulation of the RANK/RANKL signaling pathway. The created CH‐Ppy NGs may be utilized as a promising platform for enhanced chemotherapy and anti‐metastasis treatment of prostate cancer.
Ruthenium‐Based Binary Alloy with Oxide Nanosheath for Highly Efficient and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Media
Authors: Chen Jinghao , Ma Yirui , Huang Tao , Jiang Taoli , Park Sunhyeong , Xu Jingwen , Wang Xiaoyang , Peng Qia , Liu Shuang , Wang Gongming , Chen Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraditional noble metal oxide, such as RuO2, is considered a benchmark catalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, its practical application is limited due to sluggish activity and severe electrochemical corrosion. In this study, Ru‐Fe nanoparticles loading on carbon felt (RuFe@CF) is synthesized via an ultrafast Joule heating method as an active and durable OER catalyst in acidic conditions. Remarkably low overpotentials of 188 and 269 mV are achieved at 10 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively, with a robust stability up to 620 h at 10 mA cm−2. When used as an anode in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer, the catalyst shows more than 250 h of stability at a water‐splitting current of 200 mA cm−2. Experimental characterizations reveal the presence of a Ru‐based oxide nanosheath on the surface of the catalyst during OER tests, suggesting a surface reconstruction process that enhances the intrinsic activity and inhibits continuous metal dissolution. Moreover, density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the introduction of Fe into the RuFe@CF catalyst reduces the energy barrier and boosts its activities. This work offers an effective and universal strategy for the development of highly efficient and stable catalysts for acidic water splitting.
A Boron, Nitrogen, and Oxygen Doped π‐Extended Helical Pure Blue Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitter for Organic Light Emitting Diodes That Shows Fast kRISC Without the Use of Heavy Atoms
Authors: Weerasinghe Rangani Wathsala , Madayanad Suresh Subeesh , Hall David , Matulaitis Tomas , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Warriner Stuart , Lee Yi‐Ting , Chan Chin‐Yiu , Tsuchiya Youichi , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNarrowband emissive multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) emitters are a promising solution to achieve the current industry‐targeted color standard, Rec. BT.2020‐2, for blue color without using optical filters, aiming for high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, their long triplet lifetimes, largely affected by their slow reverse intersystem crossing rates, adversely affect device stability. In this study, a helical MR‐TADF emitter (f‐DOABNA) is designed and synthesized. Owing to its π‐delocalized structure, f‐DOABNA possesses a small singlet‐triplet gap, ΔEST, and displays simultaneously an exceptionally faster reverse intersystem crossing rate constant, kRISC, of up to 2 × 106 s−1 and a very high photoluminescence quantum yield, ΦPL, of over 90% in both solution and doped films. The OLED with f‐DOABNA as the emitter achieved a narrow deep‐blue emission at 445 nm (full width at half‐maximum of 24 nm) associated with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.150, 0.041), and showed a high maximum external quantum efficiency, EQEmax, of ≈20%.
Fully Screen‐Printed, Flexible, and Scalable Organic Monolithic Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Brunetti Irene , Ferrari Federico , Pataki Nathan James , Abdolhosseinzadeh Sina , Heier Jakob , Koster L. Jan Anton , Lemmer Ulrich , Kemerink Martijn , Caironi Mario 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy‐harvesting technologies offer a sustainable, maintenance‐free alternative to conventional energy‐storage solutions in distributed low‐power applications. Flexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) can generate electric power from a temperature gradient, even on complex surfaces. Organic materials are ideal candidates for flexible TEGs due to their good solution‐processability, natural abundance, low weight, and flexibility. Electronic and thermoelectric properties of organic materials have steadily progressed, while device architectures leveraging their advantages are largely missing. Here, a design and fabrication method are proposed for producing fully screen‐printed, flexible monolithic organic TEGs scalable up to m2, compatible with any screen‐printable ink. This approach is validated, along with its scalability, by printing TEGs composed of two different active inks, in three configurations, with up to 800 thermoelements, with performances well matching simulations based on materials parameters. It is demonstrated that by using an additive‐free graphene ink, a remarkable power density of 15 nW cm−2 at ΔT = 29.5 K can be achieved, with an estimated weight‐normalized power output of 1 µW g−1, highlighting a strong potential in portability. Owing to such power density, only limited areas are required to generate microwatts, sufficient for operating low‐power electronic devices such as sensors, and wearables.
A Frog Skin‐Derived Peptide Targeting SCD1 Exerts Radioprotective Effects Against Skin Injury by Inhibiting STING‐Mediated Inflammation
Authors: Geng Fenghao , Zhong Li , Yang Tingyi , Chen Jianhui , Yang Ping , Jiang Fengdi , Yan Tao , Song Bin , Yu Zuxiang , Yu Daojiang , Zhang Jie , Cao Jianping , Zhang Shuyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe extensive application of nuclear technology has increased the potential of uncontrolled radiation exposure to the public. Since skin is the largest organ, radiation‐induced skin injury remains a serious medical concern. Organisms evolutionally develop distinct strategies to protect against environment insults and the related research may bring novel insights into therapeutics development. Here, 26 increased peptides are identified in skin tissues of frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) exposed to electron beams, among which four promoted the wound healing of irradiated skin in rats. Specifically, radiation‐induced frog skin peptide‐2 (RIFSP‐2), from histone proteolysis exerted membrane permeability property, maintained cellular homeostasis, and reduced pyroptosis of irradiated cells with decreased TBK1 phosphorylation. Subsequently, stearyl‐CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is identified, a critical enzyme in biogenesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) as a direct target of RIFSP‐2 based on streptavidin‐biotin system. The lipidomic analysis further assured the restrain of MUFAs biogenesis by RIFSP‐2 following radiation. Moreover, the decreased MUFA limited radiation‐induced and STING‐mediated inflammation response. In addition, genetic depletion or pharmacological inhibition of STING counteracted the decreased pyroptosis by RIFSP‐2 and retarded tissue repair process. Altogether, RIFSP‐2 restrains radiation‐induced activation of SCD1‐MUFA‐STING axis. Thus, the stress‐induced amphibian peptides can be a bountiful source of novel radiation mitigators.
Menin Deficiency Induces Autism‐Like Behaviors by Regulating Foxg1 Transcription and Participates in Foxg1‐Related Encephalopathy
Authors: Zhuang Kai , Leng Lige , Su Xiao , Wang Shuzhong , Su Yuemin , Chen Yanbing , Yuan Ziqi , Zi Liu , Li Jieyin , Xie Wenting , Yan Sihan , Xia Yujun , Wang Han , Li Huifang , Chen Zhenyi , Yuan Tifei , Zhang Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFOXG1 syndrome is a developmental encephalopathy caused by FOXG1 (Forkhead box G1) mutations, resulting in high phenotypic variability. However, the upstream transcriptional regulation of Foxg1 expression remains unclear. This report demonstrates that both deficiency and overexpression of Men1 (protein: menin, a pathogenic gene of MEN1 syndrome known as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1) lead to autism‐like behaviors, such as social defects, increased repetitive behaviors, and cognitive impairments. Multifaceted transcriptome analyses revealed that Foxg1 signaling is predominantly altered in Men1 deficiency mice, through its regulation of the Alpha Thalassemia/Mental Retardation Syndrome X‐Linked (Atrx) factor. Atrx recruits menin to bind to the transcriptional start region of Foxg1 and mediates the regulation of Foxg1 expression by H3K4me3 (Trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4) modification. The deficits observed in menin deficient mice are rescued by the over‐expression of Foxg1, leading to normalized spine growth and restoration of hippocampal synaptic plasticity. These findings suggest that menin may have a putative role in the maintenance of Foxg1 expression, highlighting menin signaling as a potential therapeutic target for Foxg1‐related encephalopathy.