bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of acquired resistance to antiestrogen by reversible mitochondrial DNA depletion in breast cancer cell line
Authors: Naito Akihiro , Carcel‐Trullols Jaime , Xie Cheng‐hui , Evans Teresa T. , Mizumachi Takatsugu , Higuchi Masahiro 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAlthough the net benefits of tamoxifen in adjuvant breast cancer therapy have been proven, the recurrence of the cancer in an aggressive and hormone independent form has been highly problematic. We previously demonstrated the important role mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays in hormone‐independence in prostate cancer. Here, the role of mtDNA in breast cancer progression was investigated. We established hydroxytamoxifen (4‐OHT) resistant HTRMCF by growing MCF‐7, human breast adenocarcinoma cells, in the presence of 4‐OHT. HTRMCF was cross‐resistant to 4‐OHT and ICI182,780 concurrent with the depletion of mtDNA. To further investigate the role of mtDNA depletion, MCF‐7 was depleted of mtDNA by treatment with ethidium bromide. MCFρ0 was resistant to both 4‐OHT and ICI182,780. Furthermore, cybrid (MCFcyb) prepared by fusion MCFρ0 with platelet to transfer mtDNA showed susceptibility to antiestrogen. Surprisingly, after withdrawal of 4‐OHT for 8 weeks, HTRMCF and their clones became susceptible to both drugs concurrent with a recovery of mtDNA. Herein, our results substantiated the first evidence that the depletion of mtDNA induced by hormone therapy triggers a shift to acquired resistance to hormone therapy in breast cancer. In addition, we showed that mtDNA depletion can be reversed, rendering the cancer cells susceptible to antiestrogen. The fact that the hormone independent phenotype can be reversed should be a step toward more effective treatments for estrogen‐responsive breast cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Measuring socioemotional functioning in a national birth cohort study
Authors: Andreassen Carol , West Jerry 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAn accumulating body of research suggests that the capacities children acquire that prepare them for learning in formal educational settings are multilevel and complex with multiple contributing factors that begin in infancy. A new U.S. longitudinal study, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS‐B), is designed to enable researchers to examine how an array of children's capacities and skills function individually and jointly to promote or hinder the acquisition of school readiness. The ECLS‐B follows a nationally representative sample of 10,688 children born in the U.S. in 2001. Baseline data on the children and their families were collected at 9 months of age with follow‐up at ages 2, 4, and kindergarten entry. Information on study children's socioemotional development is derived from several sources: videotaped mother‐child interactions, parent interviews, and field staff observations. Because attachment is such an important indicator of children's socioemotional development during the toddler period, the study devoted considerable resources to designing an attachment measure. The Toddler Attachment Sort‐45 (TAS‐45) was designed to meet the need for a simple yet valid measure that did not require extensive training for field staff to administer easily. The TAS‐45 generates the classical attachment categories and security and dependency scores.
The effect of consumption emotions on satisfaction and word‐of‐mouth communications
Authors: Ladhari Riadh 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of consumption emotions on consumers' satisfaction and how it affects what they tell other consumers. The conceptual model is based on the premise that pleasure and arousal influence satisfaction, word‐of‐mouth (WOM) communications, and the likelihood of generating WOM. A study of 470 moviegoers in a French Canadian city supports most of these relationships. The results indicate that even when the effects of satisfaction are accounted for, pleasure and arousal have significant effects on WOM. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measuring values using best‐worst scaling: The LOV example
Authors: Lee Julie Anne , Soutar Geoffrey N. , Louviere Jordan 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe paper discusses the way that values have been measured and suggests an alternative way to collect values data. A recently developed approach, termed Best Worst Scaling, developed by Louviere and his colleagues, offers an opportunity to collect such data in a way that may produce more desirable values estimates. Kahle's (1983) List of Values, which has been widely employed in consumer research, was used to examine differences between the new approach and traditional ratings and rankings approaches. The results suggest that the new technique may provide better outcomes and that researchers should think about its potential usefulness in future research with these and other scales. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The spectrum of orolingual tremor—A proposed classification system
Authors: Silverdale Monty A. , Schneider Susanne A. , Bhatia Kailash P. , Lang Anthony E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractOrolingual tremors include tremors of the jaw, tongue, pharynx, and face. There is currently no accepted classification scheme for such tremors. A proper classification scheme for orolingual tremors should aid in providing more accurate diagnoses and permit future research studies assessing important aspects such as pathogenesis or novel therapies using more uniformly defined and characterized populations. In this review, we propose a classification system for orolingual tremor based on the consensus statement of the Movement Disorder Society on tremor. We also present cases of orolingual tremor and include these cases in the classification system. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Coexisting somatic promoter hypermethylation and pathogenic MLH1 germline mutation in Lynch syndrome
Authors: Rahner N , Friedrichs N , Steinke V , Aretz S , Friedl W , Buettner R , Mangold E , Propping P , Walldorf C 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSomatic epimutations in the MLH1 promoter mimic the phenotype of Lynch syndrome. To date, no somatic hypermethylation of the MLH1 promoter in the carrier of a pathogenic MLH1 germline mutation has been identified, prompting the recommendation that a germline mutation in MLH1 should only be sought in the absence of tumour tissue methylation. We aimed to determine whether methylation of the MLH1 promoter may coexist in carriers of a pathogenic germline mutation in MLH1. We examined the methylation status of the MLH1 promoter in 123 tumour tissue samples, demonstrating high microsatellite instability and loss of expression of a mismatch repair protein (60 cases with MLH1 germline mutation, 25 cases without mutation, 38 cases with MSH2 mutations), using combined bisulphite restriction analysis (COBRA) and SNaPshot analysis. Methylation of the MLH1 promoter was found in two patients with pathogenic germline mutations, one a carrier of a MLH1 mutation and the other a carrier of a MSH2 mutation. Our results demonstrate that methylation of the MLH1 promoter region does not exclude the presence of a germline mutation in a mismatch repair (MMR) gene. Hypermethylation of the MLH1 promoter may be present in most cases of sporadic colorectal cancers, but this does not exclude a diagnosis of Lynch syndrome. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening for distress in cancer patients: is the distress thermometer a valid measure in the UK and does it measure change over time? A prospective validation study
Authors: Gessler S. , Low J. , Daniells E. , Williams R. , Brough V. , Tookman A. , Jones L. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA prospective validation study was conducted in 171 consenting patients from oncology and palliative care outpatient clinics to validate the Distress Thermometer (DT) against the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), General Health Questionnaire‐12 (GHQ‐12) and Brief Symptom Inventory‐18 (BSI‐18) at baseline, four weeks and eight weeks.Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was used to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the DT scores against the clinically significant cut‐off scores of the criterion measures reporting 95% confidence intervals. Standardised response means were used to compare DT scores with criterion measures over time.For a cut‐off of 4 vs 5, sensitivity against HADS was 79%, specificity 81%; against GHQ‐12, sensitivity was 63%, specificity 83%; and against BSI‐18, sensitivity was 88%, specificity 74%. At both four and eight weeks, DT scores tended to change significantly in the same direction as the criterion measures. Ninety‐five percent of patients found completing the DT acceptable.The DT is valid and acceptable for use as a rapid screening instrument for patients in the UK with cancer. Our results indicate that it can be used to monitor change in psychological distress over time, but further work is needed to confirm this. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring quality of life in cancer survivors: a methodological review of existing scales
Authors: Pearce Nancy J. M. , Sanson‐Fisher Rob , Campbell H. Sharon 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackground: Studies examining quality of life (QoL) in cancer survivors have relied on instruments specific to the cancer patient population.Method: MEDLINE and PsycINFO were systematically searched to identify instruments and papers reporting the psychometric qualities of relevant instruments. Two reviewers undertook data extraction with respect to reliability, validity, predictive validity, responsiveness, acceptability, readability, cross cultural acceptability and feasibility.Results: Forty‐two instruments were identified. Most were either measures of general health‐related QoL or developed for individuals in active treatment. Nine were developed specifically for cancer survivors. None met the rigorous psychometric standards set by the review. All established acceptable levels of validity, however, only one instrument (Quality of Life‐Cancer Survivors) demonstrated adequate test–retest reliability. Acceptability, feasibility and predictive validity remain unexamined. Readability was examined in only two (Cancer Survivors' Unmet needs and Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors (QLACS)). Only two instruments (QLACS and Impact of Cancer) have been developed with a wide range of cancer survivors. Generally, shorter‐term cancer survivors (1–5 years) are underrepresented.Conclusion: There is a need for a psychometrically credible QoL instrument for cancer survivors who are 1–5 years post diagnosis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimisation of derivatisation procedures for the determination of δ13C values of amino acids by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Corr Lorna T. , Berstan Robert , Evershed Richard P. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractCompound‐specific stable carbon isotope analysis of amino acids by gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) is a highly selective and sensitive method for probing the biosynthetic/diagenetic pathways, pool size and turnover rates of proteins, previously intractable to bulk isotope analyses. However, amino acids are polyfunctional, non‐volatile compounds which require derivatisation prior to GC analysis. While a wide range of derivatives exist for the GC analysis of amino acids only a handful have been utilised for their GC/C/IRMS analysis. Significantly, none of those derivatives currently employed appear completely satisfactory and a thorough assessment of their relative utility is lacking. Seven derivatives (three previously reported and four novel) for obtaining δ13C values of amino acids via GC/C/IRMS analysis were compared. More specifically, standard mixtures of 15 protein amino acids were converted into N‐acetylmethyl (NACME) esters, N‐acetyl n‐propyl (NANP) esters, N‐acetyl i‐propyl (NAIP) esters, N‐trifluoroacetyl‐i‐propyl (TFA‐IP) esters, N‐pivaloyl methyl (NPME) esters, N‐pivaloyl n‐propyl (NPNP) esters and N‐pivaloyl i‐propyl (NPIP) esters. Each derivative was assessed with respect to its applicability to carbon isotope determinations of all the common α‐amino acids, reaction yield, chromatographic resolution, stability, analyte‐to‐derivative carbon ratio, kinetic isotope effects and errors associated with their carbon isotope determinations. The NACME derivative was concluded to be the preferred derivative mainly due to the highest analyte‐to‐derivative carbon ratio being achieved, resulting in the lowest analytical errors for amino acid δ13C value determinations, ranging from ±0.6‰ for phenylalanine, leucine and isoleucine to ±1.1‰ for serine and glycine. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitation of 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA by liquid chromatography/positive atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Fagen , Stott Willam T. , Clark Amy J. , Schisler Melissa R. , Grundy Joy J. , Gollapudi B. Bhaskar , Bartels Michael J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA methodology has been developed and validated for quantifying 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in both commercial DNA and DNA isolated from livers of male Sprague‐Dawley rats by liquid chromatography/positive atmospheric pressure photoionization tandem mass spectrometry. The analytical method conditions, including conditions for stabilizing 8‐OHdG during complex nuclease P1 enzymatic digestion, were also evaluated. The limit of detection for 8‐OHdG was 1.0 ng/mL (17.6 fmol on‐column), and the linearity of the calibration curve was greater than 0.998 from 1.0 to 500 ng/mL. The intraday assay precision relative standard deviation (RSD) value for quality control (QC) samples was ≤5.59% with accuracies ranging from 91.84 to 117.61%. The interday assay precision (RSD) value was ≤1.76% with accuracies ranging from 91.84 to 116.67%. This method, combined with the LC/UV analysis of deoxyguanosine (dG), was used for determination of the levels of 8‐OHdG/106 dG in DNA nuclease P1 enzymatic hydrolysates from both commercial DNA and rat liver DNA. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fault ride‐through capability test unit for wind turbines
Authors: Ausin Juan Carlos , Gevers Daniel Navarro , Andresen Björn 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe GAMESA voltage ride‐through capability test unit was designed as a tool for voltage dip studies for different wind turbine (WT) configurations and to investigate specific grid code requirements. By generating a voltage dip at the WT terminals, the WT manufacturer is able to check that the equipment works according to the design specifications, fulfils the grid code requirements and can validate the simulation models. This paper presents a description of the unit, the methodology used in the field tests and the results of the study. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laparoscopic Internal Marsupializaton for Large Nonparasitic Splenic Cysts: Effective Organ‐Preserving Technique
Authors: Palanivelu Chinnusamy , Rangarajan Muthukumaran , Madankumar Madhupalayam Velusamy , John Suviraj James 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackgroundPrimary splenic cyst is a rare disease, and therefore there is no information regarding its optimal management. Most such cysts are classified as epithelial cysts. During the last few years, the laparoscopic approach has gained increasing acceptance in splenic surgery. We present our experience with the laparoscopic (organ‐preserving) management of splenic cysts.MethodsWe managed 11 patients with large symptomatic nonparasitic splenic cysts from 1996 to 2006. All the patients had fullness in the left upper abdomen and a palpable mass. Preoperative diagnosis was established with ultrasonography and computed tomography. All patients were treated with either laparoscopic partial cystectomy or marsupialization.ResultsSeven patients had mesothelial cysts, two had epidermoid cysts, and two had pseudocysts. Nine patients did not have any problems or recurrence during an average follow‐up of 29.5 months. Two patients had cyst recurrence after 14 months.ConclusionLaparoscopic organ‐preserving surgery should be the goal of therapy in most cases. Total splenectomy is reserved for cases in which cyst excision cannot be done or most of the splenic tissue is replaced by the cyst. Plication of the cyst wall edges prevents the cyst walls from adhering and causing recurrence, as well as helping to control hemorrhage. Laparoscopic partial cystectomy/marsupialization is an acceptable procedure for the treatment of splenic cysts; and after short to mid‐term follow‐up, it seems that a reasonable rate of success is possible.
The lichen genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes, Parmeliaceae) in Estonia with a key to the species in the Baltic countries
Authors: TÕRRA Tiiu , RANDLANE Tiina 
Published: November 2007

Abstract:The occurrence of 12 Usnea species in Estonia is verified by investigating c. 1800 specimens. The known distribution and substratum preferences of Usnea taxa in Estonia are summarized. Picea is the main substratum for Usnea species in Estonia, but occasionally these species occur also on deciduous trees, wood, and exceptionally on rock. A key for identification of 16 taxa recorded in the three Baltic countries is provided and diagnostic morphological and chemical characters used in the key are discussed. A new chemotype of U. fulvoreagens has been identified. U. wasmuthii is reported as new to Lithuania.
The grounds of worship again: a reply to Crowe
Authors: TIM BAYNE  , NAGASAWA YUJIN 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this paper we respond to Benjamin Crowe's criticisms in this issue of our discussion of the grounds of worship. We clarify our previous position, and examine Crowe's account of what it is about God's nature that might ground our obligation to worship Him. We find Crowe's proposals no more persuasive than the accounts that we examined in our previous paper, and conclude that theists still owe us an account of what it is in virtue of which we have obligations to worship God.
5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein homodimer in human neutrophils: evidence for a role in leukotriene biosynthesis
Authors: Plante Hendrick , Picard Serge , Mancini Joseph , Borgeat Pierre 
Published: November 2007

FLAP (5-lipoxygenase-activating protein) is a nuclear transmembrane protein involved in the biosynthesis of LTs (leukotrienes) and other 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase) products. However, little is known about its mechanism of action. In the present study, using cross-linkers, we demonstrate that FLAP is present as a monomer and a homodimer in human PMN (polymorphonuclear cells). The functional relevance of the FLAP dimer in LT biosynthesis was assessed in different experimental settings. First, the 5-LO substrate AA (arachidonic acid) concomitantly disrupted the FLAP dimer (at ≥10 μM) and inhibited LT biosynthesis. Secondly, using Sf9 cells expressing active and inactive FLAP mutants and 5-LO, we observed that the FLAP mutants capable of supporting 5-LO product biosynthesis also form the FLAP dimer, whereas inactive FLAP mutants do not. Finally, we showed that FLAP inhibitors such as MK-0591 which block LT biosynthesis in human PMN, disrupt the FLAP dimer in PMN membranes with a similar IC50. The present study demonstrates that LT biosynthesis in intact cells not only requires the presence of FLAP but its further organization into a FLAP homodimer.
Effect of hypothermia and HTK on the microcirculation in the rat cremaster muscle after ischaemia
Authors: BASTIAANSE Jacqueline , SLAAF Dick W. , oude EGBRINK Mirjam G. A. , ANDERSON Gary L. , VINK Hans , van der HEIJDEN Brigitte E. P. A. , KON Moshe 
Published: November 2007

Hypothermia is an important preservation method for tissues and solid organs. The aim of the present study was to assess in rat cremaster muscle the effect of hypothermia, without or with pre-ischaemic HTK (histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate–Bretschneider solution) perfusion, on microvascular consequences of 4 or 6 h ischaemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Intravital microscopy was applied to examine capillary perfusion and leucocyte–endothelium interactions. The cremaster muscle was subjected to 4 or 6 h of cold (4 °C) or warm (33–34 °C) ischaemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Measurements were performed at baseline, prior to HTK perfusion and ischaemia, and at 0, 1 and 2 h after blood flow restoration. Hypothermia completely prevented the 50% reduction in capillary perfusion that was observed previously at start of reperfusion after 4 h warm ischaemia. After 6 h of warm ischaemia, perfusion resumed in only 45% of capillaries and remained at this low level during reperfusion. In contrast, only a slight decrease (&lt;10%) in capillary perfusion was observed after 6 h of cold ischaemia. Pre-ischaemic HTK perfusion had no beneficial effect on tissue perfusion. Both hypothermia and HTK attenuated the significant increase in venular leucocyte–vessel wall interactions, which was observed after 4 h of warm ischaemia in a previous study. Combined application of both interventions had no additional effects. After 6 h of warm ischaemia, no increase in leucocyte–vessel wall interactions was observed, possibly due to venular flow reduction. In conclusion, hypothermia preserves capillary perfusion and prevents an increase in leucocyte–vessel wall interactions during reperfusion after muscle tissue ischaemia. Preischaemic perfusion of the vasculature with HTK does not improve the effects of cold storage on tissue perfusion, but attenuates the inflammatory response independently of temperature effect.
Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor as a marker for early vascular damage in hypertension
Authors: TSAI Wei-Chuan , LI Yi-Heng , HUANG Yao-Yi , LIN Chin-Chan , CHAO Ting-Hsing , CHEN Jyh-Hong 
Published: November 2007

Elevation of plasma VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) has been noted in patients with hypertension or atherosclerosis. VEGF has been regarded as a marker for endothelial dysfunction. However, the role of VEGF in hypertension-induced vascular injury and its relationship with endothelial function have not been studied. This study included 20 untreated hypertensive men with grade 1 or 2 hypertensive retinopathy, 10 untreated hypertensive men without hypertensive retinopathy and 10 healthy controls. None of the hypertensive patients had diabetes, renal impairment or overt vascular diseases. Plasma VEGF and adhesion molecules were measured using ELISAs. Endothelial function was measured by FMD (flow-mediated vasodilation) of the brachial artery. Plasma levels of VEGF, excluding adhesion molecules, were significantly higher in hypertensive patients with retinopathy when compared with patients without retinopathy (152.4±80.8 pg/ml versus 104.7±27.2 pg/ml, P=0.035) or controls (152.4±80.8 pg/ml versus 98.9±23.7 pg/ml, P=0.025). Levels of FMD were significantly lower in hypertensive patients than controls, but there were no significant differences between patients with or without retinopathy. Degrees of FMD were inversely correlated with VEGF levels (r=−0.351, P=0.031). Elevation of plasma VEGF was associated with hypertensive retinopathy. Plasma VEGF could be used as a marker of early vascular damage induced by hypertension.