bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Analysis of Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With Rituximab-Containing Chemotherapy As Reported by the IVL Study Group in Japan
Authors: Shimada Kazuyuki , Matsue Kosei , Yamamoto Kazuhito , Murase Takuhei , Ichikawa Naoaki , Okamoto Masataka , Niitsu Nozomi , Kosugi Hiroshi , Tsukamoto Norifumi , Miwa Hiroshi , Asaoku Hideki , Kikuchi Ako , Matsumoto Morio , Saburi Yoshio , Masaki Yasufumi , Yamaguchi Motoko , Nakamura Shigeo , Naoe Tomoki , Kinoshita Tomohiro 
Published: May 2008

Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of rituximab-containing chemotherapies for intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL). Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 106 patients (59 men, 47 women) with IVLBCL who received chemotherapy either with rituximab (R-chemotherapy, n = 49) or without rituximab (chemotherapy, n = 57) between 1994 and 2007 in Japan. The median patient age was 67 years (range, 34 to 84 years). The International Prognostic Index was high-intermediate/high in 97% of patients. Results The complete response rate was higher for patients in the R-chemotherapy group (82%) than for those in the chemotherapy group (51%; P = .001). The median duration of follow-up for surviving patients was 18 months (range, 1 to 95 months). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates at 2 years after diagnosis were significantly higher for patients in the R-chemotherapy group (PFS, 56%; OS, 66%) than for patients in the chemotherapy group (PFS, 27% with P = .001; OS, 46% with P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that the use of rituximab was favorably associated with PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.80; P = .006) and OS (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.85; P = .016). Treatment-related death was observed in three patients (6%) who received R-chemotherapy and in five patients (9%) who received chemotherapy. Conclusion Our data suggest improved clinical outcomes for patients with IVLBCL in the rituximab era. Future prospective studies of rituximab-containing chemotherapies are warranted.
Elevated Levels of High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Leth Henrik , Andersen Kristian K. , Frystyk Jan , Tarnow Lise , Rossing Peter , Parving Hans-Henrik , Flyvbjerg Allan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackground: Several studies have shown that type 1 diabetic patients have elevated total levels of the adipocyte-derived adipocytokine adiponectin. However, adiponectin circulates in three different subforms, and the high-molecular-weight (HMW) subform is believed to be the primary biologically active form. The effects of the medium-molecular-weight (MMW) subform and the low-molecular-weight (LMW) subform are still unresolved.Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution of the three molecular subforms of adiponectin in well-characterized groups of type 1 diabetics with varying degrees of nephropathy as well as in healthy control subjects.Study Population: Two hundred seven individuals were included: 58 type 1 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, 46 with microalbuminuria, 46 with macroalbuminuria, and 57 matched controls.Methods: The HMW, MMW, and LMW subforms were measured using a validated in-house time-resolved immunoflourometric assay after separation by fast protein liquid chromatography.Results: The absolute concentrations of total adiponectin and all subforms were higher in type 1 diabetic patients than healthy controls. However, the relative HMW fraction was up-regulated in type 1 diabetes (P &lt; 0.001), whereas the MMW (P &lt; 0.001) and LMW fractions (P &lt; 0.05) were down-regulated, compared with controls. Accordingly, the increase in concentration of total adiponectin was primarily caused by a major increase of the HMW subform. Levels of total adiponectin and the HMW subform (absolute and relative) were generally unaffected by nephropathy status defined by urinary albumin excretion rate.Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes per se is associated with higher adiponectin levels than healthy subjects. This increase is mainly explained by an elevation in the HMW subform. The elevation is unaffected by gender and diabetic kidney disease.
Structural and Functional Model Systems for Analysis of the Active Center of Nitrile Hydratase
Authors: Yano Takuma , Ozawa Tomohiro , Masuda Hideki 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The unique active site structure of nitrile hydratase (NHase) has a central metal ion (CoIII or FeIII) coordinated by two amide nitrogens from the peptide backbone, one cysteine sulfur and two oxidized cysteine sulfurs (Cys–SO and Cys–SO2). In this review, the biological implications of the nitrile hydration mechanism are discussed in context of model complexes prepared with the aim of understanding the unique structure of nitrile hydratase.
Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescent Property of a 3D Polymer Containing Silver Ions
Authors: Li Yajuan , Song Huihua , Wang Tao , Jia Miying 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
The hydrothermal reaction of Ag2SO4, pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylic acid (H2PDC), LiF, and H2O led to the formation of a novel complex, [Ag2(PDC)]n (1). X-ray crystal structural analysis indicates that 1 has a 3D coordinated framework, which contains a mono- and dinuclear mixed 1D polymeric chain. Fluorescent analyses of 1 show intense photoluminescence at 510 nm in the solid state, suggesting potential candidates for photoactive material.
Dynamic Behavior of Cyclic Hemiacetals of 2-Hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-indandione Derivatives
Authors: Hashimoto Suzumi , Sakuma Natsumi , Wakabayashi Hidetsugu , Miyamae Hiroshi , Kobayashi Keiji 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Dynamic interconversion between the two enantiomeric hemiacetal structures in acetonitrile was revealed from the variable-temperature 1H NMR spectra for the compounds obtained by the reaction of ninhydrin with phenol and p-nitrophenol.
Simultaneous On-chip Surface Plasmon Resonance Measurement of Disease Marker Protein and Small Metabolite Combined with Immuno- and Enzymatic Reactions
Authors: Nakamoto Kohei , Kurita Ryoji , Sekioka Naoyuki , Niwa Osamu 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Disease marker protein and a correction marker were simultaneously measured with a portable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) system and PDMS microchannel. Two gold films in the microchannel were modified with antibody and redox polymer containing horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Creatininase, creatinase, and sarcosine oxidase were immobilized in the upstream. We could measure glycoprotein, transferrin (MW: 75 kDa) and creatinine (MW: 113) both by SPR angle shifts caused by immuno- and redox reactions, indicating that urinary transferrin concentration could be normalized with creatinine concentration by single injection.
A Convenient Method for the Lewis Base-catalyzed Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Esters Using Trimethylsilylketene Ethyl Trimethylsilyl Acetal and Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Michida Makoto , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
A highly useful method for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic esters from various carbonyl compounds that uses trimethylsilylbetene ethyl trimethylsilyl acetal in the presence of a Lewis base catalyst such as acetate salts was established. This procedure gives the corresponding esters in high yields with excellent E stereoselectivity under mild conditions.
Convenient Fabrication and Property Investigations of Uniform TiN Hollow Nanocages
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Liancheng , Ju Zhicheng , Xu Liqiang , Qian Yitai 
Published: June 2008

Abstract
Crystalline TiN hollow nanocages with pure cubic phase were prepared in large scale using TiO2, N2H4·2HCl, and Mg as reactants in autoclaves in 300–500 °C for 12 h. These hollow nanocages mainly have diameters of 300 to 500 nm and shell thicknesses from 20 to 35 nm. The product obtained with target temperature of 500 °C has a BET surface area of 68.13 m2/g and pore volume of 0.17 cm3/g.
Becoming a father/refusing fatherhood: an empirical bioethics approach to paternal responsibilities and rights
Authors: Ives Jonathan , Draper Heather , Pattison Helen , Williams Clare 
Published: May 2008

In this paper, we present the first stage of an empirical bioethics project exploring the moral sources of paternal responsibilities and rights. In doing so, we present both (1) data on men's normative constructions of fatherhood and (2) the first of a two-stage methodological approach to empirical bioethics. Using data gathered from 12 focus groups run with UK men who have had a variety of different fathering experiences ( n = 50), we examine men's perspectives on how paternal responsibilities and rights are generated and the significance of the genetic connection within the father–child relationship. We do not attempt to explore men's experiences of fatherhood or their fathering practices; and neither is the analysis driven from a particular sociological perspective. Rather, we explore men's normative constructions of fatherhood in order to present accessible data that might be of significance to the philosophical/moral debate on the sources of paternal rights and responsibilities.
Once-Yearly Administered Intravenous Zoledronic Acid for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Woodis C Brock 
Published: May 2008

Objective: To review studies that investigated the use of once-yearly administered intravenous zoledronic acid (or the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Data Sources: Searches of MEDLINE (1966–February 2008) and EMBASE (1974–February 2008) were conducted using the terms zoledronic acid, once-yearly, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Literature review was limited to human studies. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All literature Identified from the data sources was evaluated for review inclusion. Studies investigating the use of zoledronic add in conditions other than postmenopausal osteoporosis, including malignant hypercalcemia, multiple myeloma, and Paget's disease, were excluded. Five randomized controlled studies were included in this review. Data Synthesis: Oral bisphosphonates represent one of the most commonly prescribed drug classes for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, due to poor gastrointestinal absorption and poor patient adherence to bisphosphonate therapy, once-yearly intravenous zoledronic add may be a more attractive option for some patients. Once-yearly zoledronic add has been shown to decrease bone turnover markers such as serum C-tolopeptide by 49-52%, decrease the vertebral fracture rate by approximately 70%, and significantly increase bone mineral density at total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine by 6.02%, 5.06%, and 6.71 %, respectively. Furthermore, some women may prefer the convenience of once-yearly intravenous zoledronic add to daily or weekly oral bisphosphonates. In clinical trials that compared once-yearly zoledronic add Infusion with weekly oral alendronate, participants preferred zoledronic add and found its adverse effect profile to be more favorable. Conclusions: Based on available evidence, once-yearly zoledronic acid Is an efficacious treatment option for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. However, lack of head-to-head studies with oral bisphosphonates is a limitation In evaluating its clinical utility. Additional studies investigating zoledronic acid against oral bisphosphonates, specifically looking at rates and types of fractures, are needed to fully determine its place In postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment.
Values for free/total prostate-specific antigen ratio as a function of age: necessity of reference validation in a Turkish population
Authors: Mungan A. Gorkem , Erol Bulent , Akduman Bulent , Bozdogan Gurdal , Kiran Sibel , Yesilli Cetin , Mungan N. Aydin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractClin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:912–6.
First characterization of the development of bleached kraft softwood pulp fiber interfaces during drying and rewetting using FRET microscopy
Authors: Thomson Cameron I. , Lowe Robert M. , Ragauskas Arthur J. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Cellulosic fiber interfaces are critical to the material properties of paper. Likewise, the presence of water in a paper sheet is an important property, because paper is a wet-laid structure and the cellulosic fibers that compose it are hygroscopic. This work uses a fluorescence microscopy technique established by the authors to study the development of individual bleached kraft pulp fiber crossings in situ during drying and through a cycle of rewetting and wet pressing. The results indicate that coalescence of the fiber-fiber interface occurs during drying and that the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) response, which is proportional to the distance between fiber components, increases logarithmically with time. The FRET signal of once-dried fiber crossings increases dramatically after rewetting and wet pressing for a second time. This indicates that fiber bonds are still compliant after a single drying cycle and that the interactions between fiber components are likely reversible at the solids content present in bleached kraft pulp fiber crossings dried at 25°C and 50% relative humidity.
Evaluation on structural performance of compressed wood as shear dowel
Authors: Jung Kiho , Kitamori Akihisa , Komatsu Kohei 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
This study addresses the application of compressed wood (CW) made of Japanese cedar, as a substitute for high-density hardwood, to shear dowel. A double wood-to-wood shear test was performed to evaluate the mechanical shear properties of CW perpendicular to the grain, and the results were compared with those of several types of dowel material. CW with its annual ring radial to loading direction (0°) had a unique double shear performance characteristic, and showed good properties as a dowel material by virtue of its strength and rich ductility. In contrast, CW with its annual ring tangential to loading direction (90°) and maple exhibited brittle failure. While thickness of the base member was varied, the ductility of the joint became stable for diameter over 36 mm and 24 mm thickness for the main and side members, respectively. When the density of the base member increased, its stiffness, yield load, and maximum load exhibited proportional improvement with different inclinations; however, in the case of a maple dowel, the increases were small. When the density of the base member was increased, the ultimate load had positive linear tendency, whereas plastic modulus decreased. Consequently, almost constant energy absorption was observed in spite of the increased density. The optimum load-carrying capacity and ductility of a compressed wooden dowel joint could be designed by introducing an appropriate base member.
Challenging social hierarchy: Playing with oppositional identities in family talk
Authors: Bani-Shoraka Helena 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
This study examines how bilingual family members use language choice and language alternation as a local scheme of interpretation to distinguish different and often contesting social identities in interaction. It is argued that the playful creation of oppositional identities in interaction relieves the speakers from responsibility and creates a safe environment for challenging otherwise strict social hierarchies. The data are drawn from ethnographic research and informal conversations audio recorded in bilingual and multigenerational Azerbaijani families in Tehran, Iran. The methods of analysis integrate a sequential analysis with membership categorization analysis and ethnography. This paper also highlights the need for a multilayered analysis in order to approach the issue of social order as a product of participants' situated conduct.
Automatic Semantic Analysis for NLP Applications
Authors: Glückner Ingo , Hartrumpf Sven , Helbig Hermann , Leveling Johannes , Osswald Rainer 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this article, we describe a long-term enterprise at the FernUniversität in Hagen to develop systems for the automatic semantic analysis of natural language. We introduce the underlying semantic framework and give an overview of several recent activities and projects covering natural language interfaces to information providers on the web, automatic knowledge acquisition, and textual inference.
Repräsentation und Verknüpfung allgemeinsprachlicher und terminologischer Wortnetze in OWL
Authors: Kunze Claudia , Lemnitzer Lothar , Lüngen Harald , Storrer Angelika 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis paper describes an approach to modelling a general-language wordnet, GermaNet, and a domain-specific wordnet, TermNet, in the web ontology language OWL. While the modelling process for GermaNet adopts relevant recommendations with respect to the English Princeton WordNet, for TermNet an alternative modelling concept is developed that considers the special characteristics of domain-specific terminologies. We present a proposal for linking a general-language wordnet and a terminological wordnet within the framework of OWL and on this basis discuss problems and alternative modelling approaches.
Suggesting Error Corrections of Path Expressions and Categories for Tree-Mapping Grammars
Authors: Brück Tim Vor Der , Busemann Stephan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractTree mapping grammars are used in natural language generation (NLG) to map non-linguistic input onto a derivation tree from which the target text can be trivially read off as the terminal yield. Such grammars may consist of a large number of rules. Finding errors is quite tedious and sometimes very time-consuming. Often the generation fails because the relevant input subtree is not specified correctly. This work describes a method to detect and correct wrong assignments of input subtrees to grammar categories by cross-validating grammar rules with the given input structures. The method also detects and corrects the usage of a category in a grammar rule. The result is implemented in a grammar development workbench and accelerates the grammar writer's work considerably. The paper suggests the algorithms can be ported to other areas in which tree mapping is required.
Produktivität und Idiomatizität von Präposition-Substantiv-Sequenzen
Authors: Kiss Tibor 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe present paper discusses two fundamental properties of so-called determinerless PPs, their idiomaticity and productivity. Combining evidence from German newspaper corpora with methods from statistical natural language processing, we can show that determinerless PPs are no more idiomatic that ordinary phrasal combinations in general. From an empirical point of view determinerless PPs can be classified as productive. Consequently determinerless PPs should not be treated as idiomatic exceptions, which can be covered by finite lists.
Abstracting Suffixes: A Morphophonemic Approach to Polish Morphological Analysis
Authors: Zeldes Amir 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a morphophonology-based Item-and-Process approach to the finite-state lemmatization and morphological analysis of Polish. Unlike current text-based techniques, which search for all possible orthographic representations of Polish morphological suffixes, the multilevel phonological feature based algorithm presented here extracts morphophoneme arrays from graphemic word forms, allowing the extraction of abstract suffixes, independent of their surface representation. This makes it possible to use a simple mono-lemmatic dictionary, as well as to distinguish between homographic suffixes, and to carry out various phonological and morphological investigations using suffix fields in corpora.
Spray Adjuvant Effects on Droplet Size Spectra Measured by Three Laser-Based Systems in a High-Speed Wind Tunnel
Authors: Hoffmann W. Clint , Hewitt A. J. , Ross J. B. , Bagley W. E. , Martin D. E. , Fritz B. K. 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
Spray droplet size has long been recognized as the most important variable that aerial applicators can influence to mitigate spray drift from the application site. There are several different technologies that are used by researchers to measure droplet size from spray nozzles. The objective of these studies was to determine the influence of eight spray adjuvants on the droplet size spectrum produced by two nozzles in a high-speed wind tunnel when characterized using three different droplet size measurement systems. The adjuvant, nozzles, and airspeeds used in these studies are commonly used by aerial applicators. Three droplet sizing systems (Malvern laser diffraction, PMS optical array probe, and LaVision laser imaging) were simultaneously operated to measure the spray droplet size spectra for each adjuvant, airspeed, and nozzle combination. Two spray nozzles (a D6-46 nozzle and a D2 straight stream nozzle) were evaluated in a high-speed wind tunnel at airspeeds of 45 and 58 m/sec. There were significant differences in the droplet size spectra produced by the eight spray adjuvants tested. There were also significant differences between the droplet size values reported by the three measurement systems (Malvern, LaVision, and PMS) evaluated; however, there was considerable agreement trendwise. In general, the Malvern reported smaller spray droplet size spectra values than the LaVision, while the PMS system generally reported the largest spray droplet size spectra values. These tests are the first reported studies where all three droplet sizing systems were operated simultaneously.
Neutron photocrystallography: simulation and experiment
Authors: Schefer Jürg , Schaniel Dominik , Petříček Václav , Woike Theo 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
The investigation of light-induced structural changes by diffractive methods has improved significantly in the last two decades. We present here the case of neutron photocrystallography for which we have built a special experimental setup at the single crystal neutron diffractometer TriCS at the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source SINQ. We illustrate the progress of the method on the example of the structural determination of photoinduced nitrosyl linkage-isomers in Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] · 2 H2O. The in-situ determination of the population of the light-induced linkage isomers by optical transmission measurements enhances the reliability of such structural investigations considerably. Additionally we present a new simulation tool within the program package JANA2006 which allows to plan a photocrystallographic experiment thoroughly since the required q-range, the minimally needed population of the photoinduced species, as well as the necessary counting statistics for a successful single crystal diffraction experiment can be evaluated in advance.
Static and time-resolved photocrystallographic studies in supramolecular solids
Authors: Coppens Philip , Zheng Shao-Liang , Gembicky Milan 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
The supramolecular solid state is a medium par excellence for photochemical studies of molecules in a well-defined environment. If the photoactive molecule is embedded within a strong photochemically-inert framework, reactions can proceed without breakdown of the crystal lattice. A number of examples of trans-cis and cis-trans reactions are presented. A variable temperature study of Zn-coordinated tiglic acid shows that the reaction is energy-controlled with a small activation energy of approx. 2 kJ/mol, dependent on the size of the cavity in which the molecule is located. Time-resolved studies of the instantaneous dimer-formation of an organic and an inorganic species are presented. The Cu(I)(NH3)2 cation forms a dimeric species with a contracted Cu(I)—Cu(I) distance through promotion of an electron from an antibonding to a weakly bonding orbital, whereas xanthone forms an excimer with decrease interplanar spacing. The concept of the photodifference map is defined and used thoughout the article.