bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of multiple human endogenous retrovirus surface envelope proteins in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang‐Johanning Feng , Liu Jinsong , Rycaj Kiera , Huang Miao , Tsai Kate , Rosen Daniel G. , Chen Dung‐Tsa , Lu Danielle W. , Barnhart Kirstin F. , Johanning Gary L. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIndividual classes of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) genes and proteins are expressed in cancer, but expression of more than one type of HERV is rare. We report here the expression of multiple HERV genes and proteins in ovarian cell lines and tissues. Expression of HERV‐K env mRNA was greater in ovarian epithelial tumors than in normal ovarian tissues (N = 254). The expression of this protein on the surface and in the cytoplasm of ovarian cancer cells was confirmed using anti‐HERV‐K specific antibody by flow cytometric analysis. The frequency of expression of HERV‐K env protein in multitissue microarrays (N = 641) was determined by immunohistochemistry and a significant correlation with tumor histotype was found. A significantly increased expression of HERV‐K was observed in tumors with low malignant potential and low grade, relative to expression in normal ovarian tissues. The increase in expression of HERV‐K env protein took place in a stepwise fashion in serous papillary adenocarcinoma. Interestingly, we found that other classes of HERV env mRNAs, including ERV3 and HERV‐E, are expressed in the same ovarian cancer tissues that expressed HERV‐K. Furthermore, anti‐HERV antibodies including anti‐ERV3 (30%), anti‐HERV‐E (40%) and anti‐HERV‐K (55%) were detected in patients with ovarian cancer, but not in normal female controls. HERV env proteins are frequently transcribed and translated in ovarian epithelial tumors, and multiple HERV families are detectable in ovarian cancer. HERV env proteins, and especially those expressed on the cell surface, may serve as novel tumor targets for detection, diagnosis and immunotherapy of ovarian cancer. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activation of demineralized bone matrix by genetically engineered human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 with a collagen binding domain derived from von Willebrand factor propolypeptide
Authors: Chen Bing , Lin Hang , Zhao Yannan , Wang Bin , Zhao Yanhong , Liu Yunpeng , Liu Zhonghao , Dai Jianwu 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThere is a large demand for new bone regeneration to restore the function during bone injuries. Bone filling materials are important in bone tissue restoration. In this study, the demineralized bone matrix (DBM) was activated with the engineering human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2). To enhance the binding of BMP‐2 to the DBM scaffolds, a collagen‐binding peptide was fused to the N‐terminal of BMP‐2. The in vitro results showed that the engineered collagen‐targeted BMP‐2 (rhBMP2‐v) bound to DBM scaffolds specifically and the rhBMP2‐v had increased alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells. In vivo, the DBM scaffolds impregnated with rhBMP2‐v showed greater effect on ectopic bone formation. Our data suggested that the collagen‐based BMP‐2 targeting bone repair system had greater bone inducing ability than DBM loaded with regular BMP‐2. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
A novel synthetic tissue‐adhesive hydrogel using a crosslinkable polymeric micelle
Authors: Murakami Yoshihiko , Yokoyama Masayuki , Okano Teruo , Nishida Hiroshi , Tomizawa Yasuko , Endo Masahiro , Kurosawa Hiromi 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe prepared a novel tissue‐adhesive hydrogel by using a polymeric micelle consisting of an aldehyde‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(D,L‐lactide) (PEG–PLA) block polymer. A Schiff base is chemically formed between the amino groups in a polyallylamine and the aldehyde groups on the surface of polymeric micelles. The hydrogel was formed in ∼2 s when the polymeric micelle solution and polyallylamine solution are mixed in vitro. The hydrogel was rapidly formed in vivo, and it adhered to a tissue surface. Our novel tissue‐adhesive hydrogel creates no risk of infectious contaminations, because it consists of only synthetic materials. Further, PEG and PLA are known to be biocompatible and noncytotoxic. The results obtained in the present study show that a hydrogel prepared by the formation of a Schiff base between aldehyde and amine groups will potentially address the need for novel tissue‐adhesive materials. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Three‐dimensional collagen fiber remodeling by mesenchymal stem cells requires the integrin–matrix interaction
Authors: Chang Ching‐Fang , Lee Ming‐Wei , Kuo Pei‐Yin , Wang Yng‐Jiin , Tu Yi‐Hsien , Hung Shih‐Chieh 
Published: September 2006

AbstractTissue engineering aiming to repair or regenerate damaged tissues necessitates fabricating three‐dimensional biomaterial scaffolds with controlled porosity for delivering cells. To facilitate cell distribution, a strategy using stem cell‐based fabrication of biomaterials was tested in type II collagen fibers. Human mesenchymal stem cells when delivered in type II collagen assembled and reorganized these matrices and differentiated into spherical chondrocytes with the synthesis of cartilage proteins. The cell‐mediated assembly and reorganization of collagen fibers was not limitless and only restricted to an appropriate ratio of cell number and collagen amount. The blocking of α2 or β1‐integrin function with specific antibodies significantly impeded the collagen‐assembly effects. In vitro chondrogenesis or in vivo cartilage formation of human mesenchymal stem cells was also dependent on the interactions between cells and surrounding matrices. This method for three‐dimensional fabricating collagen fibers may generally be applied to other biomaterials, when combined with surface modification or ligand addition for cell adhesion. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
Microtensile bond strength of composite resin to human enamel prepared using erbium: Yttrium aluminum garnet laser
Authors: Delfino Carina Sinclér , Souza‐Zaroni Wanessa Christine , Corona Silmara Aparecida Milori , Palma‐Dibb Regina Guenka 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe Erbium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) laser used for preparation of cavity can alter the substrate and it could influence the bond strength of enamel. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of Er:YAG laser's energy using microtensile bond test. Three groups were obtained (cavity preparation) and each group was divided into two subgroups (adhesive system). After that the adhesive protocol was performed, sections with a cross‐sectional area of 0.8 mm2 (±0.2 mm2) were obtained. The specimens were mounted in a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Statistical analysis showed a decrease in bond strength for lased groups (p < 0.01) and when the total‐etching adhesive system was used the laser 300 mJ subgroup showed higher bond strength compared to the laser 250 mJ (p < 0.01). It was concluded that the cavities prepared using laser appear less receptive to adhesive procedures than conventional bur‐cut cavities. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007
The chloromethylketone protease inhibitor AAPFCMK also targets ATP‐dependent helicases and SAP‐domain proteins
Authors: Dhamne Chetan , Drubin David A. , Duncan Kimberly , Tevethia M. Judith , Clawson Gary A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWe have been studying a nuclear protease, which appears to be involved in cellular transformation, as well as in infections with high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). This protease has a chymotrypsin‐like substrate specificity and the chloromethylketone inhibitor AAPFCMK is a potent (and relatively selective) inhibitor of it. Recently, we have observed that AAPFCMK has potent effects in some model systems which appear not to be mediated by decreases in the nuclear protease. Here we show that AAPFCMK selectively reacts with ATP‐dependent helicases as well as a limited spectrum of proteins in other DNA repair/chromatin remodeling nuclear complexes, including for example Cohesin complex components and proteins containing SAP‐domains. In vitro, AAPFCMK selectively reacts with SV40 large T antigen, and inhibits its helicase activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 100: 716–726, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
β‐nerve growth factor participates in an auto/paracrine pathway of regulation of the meiotic differentiation of rat spermatocytes
Authors: Perrard Marie‐Hélène , Vigier Michèle , Damestoy Anne , Chapat Clément , Silandre Dorothée , Rudkin Brian B. , Durand Philippe 
Published: September 2006

AbstractNGF appears to be involved in spermatogenesis. However, mice lacking NGF or TrkA genes do not survive more than a few days whereas p75NTRknockout mice are viable and fertile. Therefore, we addressed the effect of βNGF on spermatogenesis by using the systems of rat germ cell culture we established previously. βNGF did not modify the number of Sertoli cells, pachytene spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes nor the half‐life of round spermatids, but increased the number of secondary meiotic metaphases and decreased the number of round spermatids formed in vitro. These effects of βNGF were reversible and maximal at about 4 × 10−11M. Conversely, K252a, a Trk‐specific kinase inhibitor, enhanced the number of round spermatids above that of control cultures. The presence of βNGF and its receptors TrkA and p75NTRwas investigated in testis sections, in Sertoli cell and germ cell fractions, and in germ cell and Sertoli cell co‐cultures. βNGF was detected only in germ cells from pachytene spermatocytes of stages VII up to spermatids of stages IX–X. TrkA and p75NTRwere detected in Sertoli cells and in these germ cells. Taken together, these results indicate that βNGF should participate in an auto/paracrine pathway of regulation of the second meiotic division of rat spermatocytes in vivo. J. Cell. Physiol. 210: 51–62, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interferon‐γ differentially regulates TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2 expression in human retinal pigment epithelial cells through JAK‐STAT pathway
Authors: Nagineni Chandrasekharam N. , Cherukuri Karthik S. , Kutty Veena , Detrick Barbara , Hooks John J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractRetinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) have been shown to be involved in various retinal diseases. We have studied the role of inflammatory cytokines on the expression and secretion of TGF‐β in human RPE cells (HRPE). Confluent cultures of HRPE derived from donor eyes were used. RT‐PCR analyses showed that TNF‐α and IL‐1β increased the mRNA levels of both TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2. IFN‐γ enhanced constitutively expressed, as well as, TNF‐α‐and IL‐1β‐induced TGF‐β1 mRNA levels but decreased TGF‐β2 mRNA. The effects of these cytokines on TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2 secretion correlated with the mRNA levels. TGF‐β1 was always produced as the latent form while 21–31% of TGF‐β2 was in the active form. IFN‐γ reduced the production of active form of TGF‐β2 to 4–9%. TGF‐β3 secretion was not detectable under any of the conditions. The Real‐Time PCR analysis of TGF‐β mRNAs confirmed the observed results. The TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2 secretion was induced by TGF‐β2 and TGF‐β1, respectively. Under these conditions, the contrasting effects of IFN‐γ on TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2 secretion were also observed. JAK inhibitor selectively inhibited IFN‐γ induced TGF‐β1 secretion and mRNA levels while reversing the inhibitory effects of IFN‐γ on TGF‐β2. Analyses of transcription factor activity strongly indicated the role of STAT‐1 but not NFκB, C‐Myc, C‐Jun, SP‐1, MEF‐2. Our data demonstrate that IFN‐γ differentially regulates constitutively expressed, as well as, cytokine‐induced TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β2 mRNA levels and secretion of TGF‐βs by HRPE. J. Cell. Physiol. 210: 192–200, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of TrkB in the murine kidney
Authors: García‐Suárez Olivia , González‐Martínez Tatiana , Germana Antonino , Monjil Diego F. , Torrecilla Juan R. , Laurà Rosaria , Silos‐Santiago Immaculada , Guate Jose L. , Vega José A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractNeurotrophins acting through Trk signal‐transducing receptors play essential roles in the nervous system, and probably in some nonneuronal tissues. In the present study we used Western‐blot and immunohistochemistry to investigate the occurrence and cellular localization of TrkB in the mouse kidney. Furthermore, the structure and ultrastructure of the kidney in mice carrying a mutation in the trkB gene were analyzed. TrkB in the kidney was identical to the cerebral one (145 kDa). Since the antibody used recognize a sequence within the tyrosine‐kinase domain of TrkB, the renal TrkB receptor identified here must be regarded as able to mediate biological effects of their ligands. TrkB immunoreactivity was restricted to the juxtaglomerular apparatus, including differentiated vascular cells and extaglomerular mesangial cells. In these cells, TrkB colocalized with renin. The structural analysis revealed no major changes in the kidney structure of TrkB‐deficient mice, with the exception of a significant reduction of the glomerular area. Nevertheless, in these animals there was an apparent increase in the number of extraglomerular mesangial cells (which retain the ability to synthesize renin) and absence of the macula densa. Taken together, these results strongly suggest a role of TrkB and their ligands in the control of the normal development and maintenance of the juxtaglomerular apparatus. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction between alpha and upsilon‐crystallin, common to the eye of the Australian platypus, by radical probe mass spectrometry
Authors: Issa Samah , Downard Kevin M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe interaction between α‐crystallin and υ‐crystallin, a class recently discovered in the eye of the Australian platypus, has been shown by native shift gel assay and examined by radical probe mass spectrometry in the context of the ability of α‐crystallin to protect υ‐crystallin from oxidation and oxidative damage through radical‐based oxidative stress mechanisms. Residues 22–41, 132–148, 212–227 and 245–264 of υ‐crystallin display the greatest protection when interacted with α‐crystallin at a ratio of 2 : 1 observed for the complex, which is commensurate with their levels measured in the eye of the platypus. Across each domain, a delay in the onset of oxidative damage is observed as the time of exposure to radicals is increased. The results are discussed in the context of the structure of the porcine homologue of υ‐crystallin. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protocols for optimizing MS/MS parameters with an ion‐trap GC‐MS instrument
Authors: Béguin Sylvie , Jadas‐Hécart Alain , Tabet Jean‐Claude , Communal Pierre‐Yves 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe product ion spectrum allows us to achieve very selective detection of pesticides and to eliminate the ambiguities caused by more conventional analytical approaches. Owing to the enhanced capabilities of GC/MS/MS for multiresidue pesticides, the development of a GC/MS/MS pesticides library will be useful. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive and specific analytical method for the identification and quantification of compounds without the need of a time‐consuming procedure. Two methods were studied in order to optimize the nonresonant conditions of dissociation of five pesticides (deltamethrin, metalaxyl, myclobutanil, procymidone, pirimicarb). The first permits a systematic investigation of the influence of the qz trapping parameter on sensitivity in precursor ion detection and on the efficiency of collision‐induced dissociation (CID). The second is more suited for analytical laboratories and less time‐consuming and allows us to reach similar results: the experiments were conducted step by step at a constant stability parameter. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variation in organic‐carbon concentration and bulk density in Flemish grassland soils
Authors: Mestdagh Inge , Lootens Peter , Van Cleemput Oswald , Carlier Lucien 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe different management regimes on grassland soils were examined to determine the possibilities for improved and/or changed land management of grasslands in Flanders (Belgium), with respect to article 3.4 of the Kyoto Protocol. Grassland soils were sampled for soil organic carbon (SOC) and for bulk density.For all grasslands under agricultural use, grazing and mowing + grazing led to higher SOC stocks compared with mowing, and grazing had higher SOC stocks compared with mowing + grazing. Overall, 15.1 ± 4.9 kg OC m–2 for the clayey texture, 9.8 ± 3.0 kg OC m–2 for the silty texture, and 11.8 ± 3.8 kg OC m–2 for the sandy texture were found for grassland under agricultural use to a depth of 60 cm. For seminatural grasslands, different results were found. For both the clayey and silty texture, mowing and mowing + grazing led to higher SOC stocks compared with grazing. The clayey texture had a mean stock of 15.1 ± 6.6, the silty texture of 10.9 ± 3.0, and the sandy texture of 12.1 ± 3.9 kg OC m–2 (0–60 cm). Lower bulk densities were found under grazed agricultural grassland compared with mown grassland but for seminatural grassland, no clear trends for the bulk density were found. The best management option for maintaining or enhancing SOC stocks in agricultural grassland soils may be permanent grazed grassland. For seminatural grassland, no clear conclusions could be made. The water status of the sampled mown fields was influencing the results for the clayey texture.Overall, the mean SOC stock was decreasing in the order clay > sand > silt. The higher mean SOC concentrations found for the sandy texture, compared to the finer silty texture, may be explained by the historical land use of these soils.
A classification scheme for earthworm populations (Lumbricidae) in cultivated agricultural soils in Brandenburg, Germany
Authors: Krück Stefanie , Joschko Monika , Schultz‐Sternberg Rüdiger , Kroschewski Bärbel , Tessmann Joachim 
Published: September 2006

AbstractEarthworm activity is observed at long‐term monitoring sites as an indicator of soil function to assess changes resulting from environmental and management conditions. In order to assess changes, characteristic values of earthworm populations under different site conditions have to be known. Therefore, a classification scheme for site‐specific earthworm populations was developed for soil in agricultural use, taking interactions between earthworm populations and soil properties into account. Characteristics of sites grouped by means of a cluster analysis after principal‐component analysis served as a basis for the derivation of the classification scheme. Soil variables found to characterize site differences with respect to earthworm populations were the texture of the topsoil, the texture of the subsoil, and the soil organic‐matter (SOM) content. The textural classes of the topsoil were divided into five groups comprising sandy soils (Ss), silty sand soils (Su), slightly loamy sand soils (Sl2), medium to strongly loamy sand soils (Sl3/Sl4), and loam and clay soils. Soil organic matter was divided into grades of equal size in a range from <1%, 1%–2% up to >6%. The variables “earthworm abundance” and “earthworm species” were selected to represent earthworm populations and were divided into six groups ranging from very low to extremely high. Defined groups of earthworm populations showed a clear structure in relation to soil textural groups and the content of SOM. From this distribution, a classification scheme was derived as basis for prognostic values of site‐specific earthworm populations, thus enabling the interpretation of changes over time. For some soil textural groups, selected variables appeared to enable the derivations of expected earthworm densities and species composition outside the range of the given database, but for some soil textural groups, broader databases will be needed to specify these derivations.
A tribological investigation of lubricant effects on bearing friction and fuel economy for passenger car engines and heavy duty diesel engines
Authors: Kapadia R. G. , Bovington C. H. , Lee‐Prudhoe I. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractRising fuel costs and the need to conserve fossil fuel have led to increased interest in the role of lubricants in improving fuel economy. Crankshaft bearings can account for up to 40% of engine friction. Lubricant formulations can provide a beneficial reduction in engine friction, thus improving fuel economy. A unique journal bearing test rig has been developed to evaluate lubricants under transient and steady‐state conditions for passenger car engines and heavy duty diesel engines. The rig can measure bearing friction over a wide temperature, speed and load range. The rig uses production components and can be operated so as to produce the bearing pressures, lambda ratio and shear rates experienced by lubricants in fired engines. The properties of a range of lubricants of varying viscometrics, including Newtonian, non‐Newtonian and fully formulated oils have been evaluated. Significant differences due to formulation have been observed. The results of the study have been compared to fuel economy data generated from fired engines with the same lubricants as those tested in the journal bearing rig. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Open‐label flexible‐dose pilot study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of aripiprazole in patients with psychosis associated with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Friedman Joseph H. , Berman Robert M. , Goetz Christopher G. , Factor Stewart A. , Ondo William G. , Wojcieszek Joanne , Carson William H. , Marcus Ronald N. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPsychosis affects at least 5% to 8% of medication‐treated patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Treatment options include reducing medications used for the treatment of PD‐related motor symptoms or introducing an atypical antipsychotic drug. Only clozapine has been demonstrated to be efficacious and tolerated in double‐blind controlled trials. This study evaluated the effect of aripiprazole, an atypical antipsychotic, on psychosis in PD in an open‐label pilot study. Fourteen patients meeting entry criteria were started on aripiprazole 1 mg/day and titrated up to a maximum dose of 5 mg as needed. Subjects were evaluated on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III for motor function, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) for psychiatric response. Statistically significant improvement in mean BPRS and positive BPRS subscales occurred with open‐label aripiprazole, but eight subjects discontinued the study due to worsened Parkinsonism (three), worsened psychosis (two), worsening of both (two), and lack of efficacy (one). While some patients had a favorable response, aripiprazole was associated with an exacerbation of motor symptoms. In this small study on psychosis in PD, aripiprazole did not appear promising. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society