bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in secondary prevention mechanisms of macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a comprehensive review
Authors: Guan Huifang , Tian Jiaxing , Wang Ying , Niu Ping , Zhang Yuxin , Zhang Yanjiao , Fang Xinyi , Miao Runyu , Yin Ruiyang , Tong Xiaolin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant global health burden. This is particularly due to its macrovascular complications, such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease, which have emerged as leading contributors to morbidity and mortality. This review comprehensively explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these complications, protective strategies, and both existing and emerging secondary preventive measures. Furthermore, we delve into the applications of experimental models and methodologies in foundational research while also highlighting current research limitations and future directions. Specifically, we focus on the literature published post-2020 concerning the secondary prevention of macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM by conducting a targeted review of studies supported by robust evidence to offer a holistic perspective.
Dietary xylo-oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens
Authors: Castro Carla , Niknafs Shahram , Gonzalez-Ortiz Gemma , Tan Xinle , Bedford Michael R. , Roura Eugeni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards. Supplementation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in chickens. XOS may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier functions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction (AXRF) supplementation on gut function and epithelial integrity in broiler chickens.

Methods
A total of 128 broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d: 1) control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet; or 2) a control diet supplemented with 0.5% XOS and 1% AXRF. Each treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens (n = 8) with 8 chickens each. Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly. On d 42, one male chicken per pen was selected based on average weight and euthanized, jejunum samples were collected for proteomics analysis.

Results
Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05) from d 1 to 42 compared to the control group. Proteomic analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 differentially abundant proteins (DAP) (Padj < 0.00001) in supplemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented group. In the jejunum, the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue (e.g., inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways). In addition, DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation, and migration by reducing the actin polymerization pathway. Putting the two main pathways together, XOS/AXRF supplementation may decrease around 19% the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusions
Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved growth efficiency by reducing epithelial cell migration and differentiation (hence, turnover), actin polymerization, and consequently energy requirement for maintenance of the jejunum of broiler chickens.
The multi-CDK inhibitor dinaciclib reverses bromo- and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitor resistance in acute myeloid leukemia via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Marr Alexander R. , Halpin Madeline , Corbin Dominique L. , Asemelash Yerdanos , Sher Steven , Gordon Britten K. , Whipp Ethan C. , Mitchell Shaneice , Harrington Bonnie K. , Orwick Shelley , Benrashid Samon , Goettl Virginia M. , Yildiz Vedat , Mitchell Andrew D. , Cahn Olivia , Mims Alice S. , Larkin Karilyn T. M. , Long Meixao , Blachly James , Woyach Jennifer A. , Lapalombella Rosa , Grieselhuber Nicole R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly aggressive hematologic cancer with poor survival across a broad range of molecular subtypes. Development of efficacious and well-tolerable therapies encompassing the range of mutations that can arise in AML remains an unmet need. The bromo- and extra-terminal domain (BET) family of proteins represents an attractive therapeutic target in AML due to their crucial roles in many cellular functions, regardless of any specific mutation. Many BET inhibitors (BETi) are currently in pre-clinical and early clinical development, but acquisition of resistance continues to remain an obstacle for the drug class. Novel methods to circumvent this development of resistance could be instrumental for the future use of BET inhibitors in AML, both as monotherapy and in combination. To date, many investigations into possible drug combinations of BETi with CDK inhibitors have focused on CDK9, which has a known physical and functional interaction with the BET protein BRD4. Therefore, we wished to investigate possible synergy and additive effects between inhibitors of these targets in AML. Here, we describe combination therapy with the multi-CDK inhibitor dinaciclib and the BETi PLX51107 in pre-clinical models of AML. Dinaciclib and PLX51107 demonstrate additive effects in AML cell lines, primary AML samples, and in vivo. Further, we demonstrate novel activity of dinaciclib through inhibition of the canonical/β-catenin dependent Wnt signaling pathway, a known resistance mechanism to BETi in AML. We show dinaciclib inhibits Wnt signaling at multiple levels, including downregulation of β-catenin, the Wnt co-receptor LRP6, as well as many Wnt pathway components and targets. Moreover, dinaciclib sensitivity remains unaffected in a setting of BET resistance, demonstrating similar inhibitory effects on Wnt signaling when compared to BET-sensitive cells. Ultimately, our results demonstrate rationale for combination CDKi and BETi in AML. In addition, our novel finding of Wnt signaling inhibition could have potential implications in other cancers where Wnt signaling is dysregulated and demonstrates one possible approach to circumvent development of BET resistance in AML.
Possibility of large-area carbon nanotube films formation through spray coating
Authors: Kim Jinkyeong , Lee TaeGu , Han Ji-Hoon , Kim Joon Hyub 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study deals with the process of developing and optimizing the spray coating method for large-area deposition of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes have excellent electrical and thermal properties and strength, so they are used in various fields of application. However, existing deposition methods have limitations. In this study, the possibility of the spray coating method for large-area deposition of carbon nanotubes is presented, and additional conditions for this are introduced. A spray coating solution was prepared using dichlorobenzene as a solvent for 3 mg carbon nanotubes. By controlling the spray coating speed, the spray coating conditions were optimized by analyzing the surface shape, structure, and resistance of the deposited carbon nanotubes. As a result, we confirmed the possibility of depositing carbon nanotubes on a large area through the spray coating method, and it is expected to contribute to increasing the application possibilities in industrial and scientific fields.
Analysis of a multi-energy coupling model for rural energy under the rural digital economy
Authors: Li Hongyan , Li Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the growth of the digital economy, the sustainable growth of rural energy has become crucial. However, traditional rural energy models have the drawback of not considering digital technology and renewable energy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for rational planning and development of rural energy. According to this, a multi-energy coupling model for rural energy systems was established by considering equipment capacity planning and operation scheduling optimization based on a multi-energy coupling structure. At the same time, considering the biomass resources in rural energy systems, an optimized configuration model for biomass coal-fired coupled power generation units was established. The results showed that the energy consumption cost in County A accounted for only 3.3%. County C focused mainly on tourism and emphasized economic efficiency, with investment costs 8.6% and 10.3% lower than other rural areas. The system utilized time of use electricity prices to optimize operation. The low storage stage was from 1:00 to 8:00, while the high incidence stage was from 12:00 to 14:00 and from 7:00 to 21:00. In the actual scenario, the multi-energy coupling model can be combined with intelligent technology to realize the real-time monitoring, prediction and optimal control of the energy system. Through the introduction of advanced digital technology, the model can be more flexible to deal with the diversified energy sources and complex operational scheduling situations involved in rural energy systems. This can improve the response speed and adaptability of the system, making the energy system more resilient and efficient.
Initial Assessment and Management of Select Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Team Physician Consensus Statement
Authors: Herring Stanley A. , Kibler W. Ben , Putukian Margot , Boyajian-O'Neill Lori A. , Chang Cindy J. , Franks R. Rob , Hutchinson Mark , Indelicato Peter A. , O’Connor Francis G. , Powell Amy , Roach Ryan , Safran Marc , Statuta Siobhan M. , Sutton Karen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMusculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in sport during practice, training, and competition. Injury assessment and management are common responsibilities for the team physician.Initial Assessment and Management of Musculoskeletal Injury—A Team Physician Consensus Statementis title 23 in a series of annual consensus documents written for the practicing team physician. This statement was developed by the Team Physician Consensus Conference, an annual project-based alliance of six major professional associations. The goal of this document is to help the team physician improve the care and treatment of the athlete by understanding the initial assessment and management of selected musculoskeletal injuries.
Four-Variable Jacobian Conjecture in a Topological Quantum Model of Intersecting Fields
Authors: De Miguel Bueno Alfonso 
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a topological model involving two intersecting curved fields with varying phases that may represent a case of the Jacobian conjecture for four variables. It also suggests connections with other mathematical topics such as Gorenstein Liaison, Tomita-Takesaki modular theory, the Mass gap problem, Reflection positivity, T-duality in string theory, or Hodge theory, all considered within the dual fields model framework.
The dynamics of the fields model may also represent a quantized Hodge cycle where the algebraic varieties are nonlinearly combined.
The mathematical investigation presented in this paper stems from the search for a deterministic atomic model, where two curved fields intersect to create a shared nucleus of matter and its mirror image. This speculative nuclear model is generally described in the paper's concluding section.
Design and simulation of photonic crystal fiber for highly sensitive chemical sensing applications
Authors: Jebur Raed Sattar , Thaher Raad Hamdan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhotonic crystal fibers (PCF) have demonstrated promising capabilities for liquid sensing applications owing to their distinctive optical properties. This work presents a numerical investigation of a PCF sensor optimized for discriminating water, ethanol, and benzene samples. In the proposed configuration, there are five concentric rings of air holes in the cladding arranged in a hybrid lattice structure, while the core contains only one air hole. The optical properties of the sensor, such as refractive index, power fraction, relative sensitivity, confinement loss, effective area, and nonlinearity, were assessed through a comprehensive analysis utilizing the full vector Finite Element Method within the COMSOL Multiphysics software. All these properties have been meticulously examined through numerical investigation across a broader range of wavelengths spanning from 0.8 to 2.2 µm. The suggested model has high sensitivity, minimal confinement loss, and an exceptional nonlinear coefficient value. At a wavelength of 1.3 µm, the suggested PCF exhibits greater sensitivity of 96.84, 98.12, and 100% for water, ethanol, and benzene, respectively, and nonlinear coefficients of 13.98 W−1km−1for water, 13.93 W−1km−1for ethanol, and 14.85 W−1km−1for benzene, with decreased confinement loss. The created model can be utilized in several research areas, particularly in chemical sensing and bio-sensing, as well as their respective applications.
Dynamic testing of language learning aptitude: an exploratory proof of concept study
Authors: Du Fangfang , Beckmann Jens F. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper provides an example for how online technology can be utilised to increase efficiency and validity of assessment procedures beyond simple computerization of testing. We report the first steps of the development of an online assessment procedure for the measurement of language learning aptitude that is based on the concept of dynamic testing. Online adaptive dynamic tests provide learning opportunities in the test situation, allowing test takers demonstrate their ability to benefit from feedback. Test performance shown in such test procedures has been demonstrated to be more useful in predicting future learning and to represent a more valid indication of test takers’ learning potential. The newly developed online assessment procedure aims at measuring young learner’s ability to improve performance based on inductive reasoning across lexical, morphological and syntactic rules of an artificial language using pictorial stimuli. The test was administered on ten mainland Chinese children aged between 9 and 13. The tentative analysis indicates that the newly developed test is feasible and has the potential to be a useful diagnostic tool for measuring language learning aptitude. We report and discuss insights gained and outline how these will be utilised for the further refinement of this online assessment tool.
Die Greifswalder Besprechung der kantischen Religionsschrift und ihr Verfasser
Authors: Sans Georg 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The article analyzes volume 19, 1793, of Neueste Critische Nachrichten, in which an anonymous review of Kant’s Religion within the boundaries of mere reason was published. Evidence is presented to establish that the review was authored by Samuel Bernhard Wilcke, a young lecturer at the University of Greifswald, who passed away the following year. After examining Wilcke’s Essay of invitation to his lectures on Kantian philosophy, the review itself is commented upon. Finally, the reviewer’s critique is related to Kant’s reply in the Preface to the second edition of the Religion.
Kants Widmung aus der Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft (1793) an Fischer ist bei einer Auktion erneut aufgetaucht
Authors: Walter Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This miscellany reports on a newly found dedication copy of Kant’s Religion within the Boundaries of mere Reason (1793) to his dear friend and former student Carl Gottlieb Fischer.
Ökumenischer Lagebericht 2023: Anglikanismus
Authors: Funkschmidt Kai 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Krönung König Charles’ III. im Mai 2023 bot der Kirche von England die Gelegenheit zur prächtigen Darstellung ihrer gesellschaftlichen Rolle als „Established Church“ im Königreich. Das Großereignis lenkte die Aufmerksamkeit aber auch auf die besondere Konstruktion des Verhältnisses von Staat und Kirche in Britannien und warf Fragen zu dessen Zeitgemäßheit auf. Parallel dazu kulminierte der lange schwelende Konflikt um den Umgang mit Homosexualität durch eine Entscheidung der Synode zur probeweisen Einführung einer Segnungsliturgie für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare.
“noch vil höher, und subtiler Künsten… an tag zu bringen”: Renaissance Pattern Books and Ornament Prints as Catalysts of the Design Process
Authors: Speelberg Femke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In traditional art history, early modern pattern books and the closely related genre of the ornament print are rarely associated with the kind of autonomous invention encapsulated in the concept of disegno. However, by looking through the lens of several fifteenth and sixteenth century printed design resources, including Giovanni Antonio Tagliente’s Esempio di raccammi (1527) and the Kunstbüchlin (1538) of Heinrich Vogtherr the Elder and his son, this essay aims to demonstrate that there is strong foundational overlap between these two divergent products of the Renaissance. Rather than instilling among artists a culture of slavish copying, the production and increased access to (printed) variant designs facilitated the generation of ideas that were suggested by, but lay well beyond the scope of the printed page.
Grundmuster: Ausdrucksfunktionen des monochromen Hintergrundes im Renaissanceporträt
Authors: Rath Markus 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Monochrome backgrounds represent a consistent “pattern” in Renaissance painting. Until now, these backgrounds have mostly been understood as neutral, secondary, or arbitrary. This paper proposes different classification approaches to capture the diverse pictorial potentials and artistic expressive functions. The two-dimensional background forms a visual counterpart to the portrayed person by shaping the immediate surrounding space. It offers a field of appearance in which and with which the individual simultaneously figures and interferes. As a media-reflexive iconic pictorial device, the shapeless ground is based on multi-layered pictorial traditions, conventions, and connotations.
Therapeutic Quality Affects Physical Fitness Benefits of Home Exercise Interventions in Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression
Authors: Noguchi Kenneth S. , Wiley Elise , Moncion Kevin , Fliss Matthew D. , Beauchamp Marla K. , Phillips Stuart M. , Thabane Lehana , Tang Ada 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Purpose:
The international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise and Training (i-CONTENT) tool is a new instrument developed to evaluate the therapeutic quality of exercise interventions. Home-based exercise has been shown to improve physical fitness in older adults, but its effects may be influenced by therapeutic quality. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe the therapeutic quality of home-based exercise interventions for community-dwelling older adults and examine the relationship between therapeutic quality and changes in physical fitness.

Methods:
Six electronic databases and 2 clinical trial registries were searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of home-based exercise on physical fitness in community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years). Therapeutic quality was evaluated using the i-CONTENT tool for items of patient selection, type of exercise, safety, type/timing of outcomes, exercise dose, and adherence. International Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise and Training items were used to explain heterogeneity in meta-regression analyses. Risk of bias, certainty of evidence and credibility of analyses were assessed.

Results:
Thirty-six trials (n = 6157 participants) were identified. Most studies (≥66.7%) had high or probably high therapeutic quality for i-CONTENT items, except exercise dose (47.2%) and adherence (16.7%). Interventions improved upper- (N = 20 trials; standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.13-0.64; low certainty of evidence) and lower-body strength (N = 28; SMD = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.08-0.77; very low certainty), and aerobic fitness (N = 8; SMD = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.08-0.77; very low certainty). For exercise dose, low- or probably low-quality studies negatively influenced effects on upper- (estimated β = –.48; P = .049; moderate credibility) and lower-body strength (estimated β = –.77; P = .048; moderate credibility). For adherence, low- or probably low-quality studies negatively influenced effects on aerobic fitness (estimated β = –.97; P = .02; low credibility).

Conclusions:
Home-based exercise may improve upper- and lower-body strength, as well as aerobic fitness in older adults. However, the effectiveness of interventions is affected by inadequate dosing of exercise programs and adherence issues. Physical therapists should have the best available evidence to support their clinical decision making, especially when designing and monitoring home programs.
Práticas alimentares, Memórias e Mobilidades
Authors: Gastal Susana , Costa Luciana de Castro Neves 
Published: March 2024

O consumo de determinados alimentos, em detrimento de outros, para além do suprimento de necessidade humana primordial, articula um conjunto de fatores ecológicos-ambientais, históricos, culturais e econômicos, interligados em redes simbólicas. Resulta que as práticas culinárias, envolvendo ingredientes, receitas, técnicas e equipamentos presentes nos processos de preparo são historicamente construídas, exercendo importante função sociocultural ao constituírem-se como referente memorial e identitário de indivíduos e coletividades.No cenário contemporâneo, a globalização dos processos agrícolas e de industrialização dos alimentos constrói distâncias temporais e espaciais cada vez maiores entre produção e consumo, levando a homogeneização de hábitos alimentares. Tais cenários suscitam discussões sobre qualidade bioenergética dos alimentos, sobre saúde humana e animal, sobre impactos ambientais, entre outras. Ao mesmo tempo, ações de instituições governamentais e da sociedade civil, trazem aos debates e às práticas associadas aos alimentos, temas como conservação, patrimonialização e novos modelos de produção, distribuição e consumo. É dentro deste contexto que se apresenta o dossiê Práticas Alimentares, Memórias e Mobilidades, buscando, ao assentar-se sobre os três eixos temáticos, criar um espaço para múltiplas abordagens acerca da alimentação.
A Review of Pediatric Ophthalmic Tumors
Authors: Yeager Lauren B. , Kassotis Alexis , Frank Tahvi , Li Chloe Y. , Marr Brian P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Tumors of the eye, orbit, and ocular adnexa can arise in the pediatric population. These entities can be both vision- and life-threatening and may be associated with systemic disease. Given their relative rarity, pediatricians must be aware of these conditions and understand what findings warrant immediate referral to an ophthalmologist for initiation of further testing. We aimed to review these conditions and highlight clinical features to promote awareness and expedite diagnosis. Tumors are subdivided into the following categories for review: anterior tumors of the eyelid and ocular surface, orbital tumors, and intraocular tumors.