bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy: A Hybrid Approach to Mitigate Speckle and Rician Noise in Medical Images
Authors: Naveen Kumar Jayakumar  
Published: April 2024

This research explores the detrimental effects of Rician and speckle noise in medical imaging, particularly within MRI and radiographic modalities. Such noise can significantly obscure critical details, potentially leading to misdiagnoses and inaccurate measurements. Rician noise candidly dangles on the signal strength. Removing this noise affects the origial information in image that makes this noise removal perplexing. On other hand speckle noise is visualised like granular clog in ultrasound imageries. It creates ambiguous details and edges in the images. To address this challenge, the study introduces a novel hybrid method implemented in Java. The method employs a frequency-based decomposition approach for speckle noise and separates images into magnitude and phase components for Rician noise. This allows for targeted filtering, utilizing customized versions of median and Gaussian filters, to effectively remove noise while preserving crucial image features. The proposed method was rigorously assessed using 200 contaminated brain and lung MRIs and radiographs, demonstrating superior performance compared to traditional filters based on crucial system of measurement like Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and Mean Squared Error (MSE). This research presents a promising solution for enhancing the quality and reliability of medical images, potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
Evolving Landscape Of E-Commerce, Marketing, and Customer Service: the Impact of Ai Integration
Authors: Kim Oanh Vo Thi 
Published: April 2024

Background: In today's digital age, consumers interact with brands through various channels, including websites, social media, and mobile apps. This has led to the rise of "digital consumers" with distinct cognitive skills and expectations. Businesses are constantly seeking ways to improve customer experience (CX) and stay competitive.
Objective: This article explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the digital consumer experience.
Methods: A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing literature reviews, expert interviews, and case studies to gain insights into the application of AI in customer interactions and its impact on the digital customer journey.
Findings: The research found that the integration of AI in digital consumerism has created new trends in business, enabling personalized and dynamic interactions between consumers and brands. AI-powered tools like recommendation systems, chatbots, and virtual assistants blur the lines between pre-purchase, purchase, and post-purchase stages, offering a more seamless customer experience.
Conclusions: The integration of artificial intelligence and digital customer experience has the potential to transform the future of e-commerce, marketing, and customer service, opening new horizons for both businesses and consumers. However, challenges related to data privacy, ethics, and algorithmic biases need to be addressed.
Originality/Significance: This article presents an original contribution to the understanding of the evolving digital consumer experience and the impact of AI on this landscape. While the use of AI in various aspects of business has been explored
Automatic Marker Generation to Similarity Based Region Merging Algorithm using Edge Information
Authors: Shailesh Shivaji Deore, Renu Aggarwal, Vaishali Turai Rajendra V. Patil, Ritesh Sonawane, Gvoind M. Poddar, 
Published: April 2024

One of the most important tasks in computer vision is image segmentation. Several interactive strategies are utilized for picture segmentation because automated techniques are difficult for this kind of work. The outcome of interactive methods is mostly determined by user input. Obtaining excellent interactions for huge datasets is challenging. However, automated picture segmentation is starting to play a significant role in image analysis and computer vision. Effective and efficient segmentation outcomes are obtained using the interacting region merging method suggested by Maximal Similarity based region merging algorithm. Limitation of MSBRM is it requires some efforts on the part of users and is yet not a fully-automatic approach. Here, we suggest a completely fresh unsupervised image segmentation method that combines edge information with MSBRM. We propose an integrated framework to generate object markers for similarity based region algorithm using edge information. Long edges give rough distribution of objects in image. After retrieving edges using phase congruency, edge processing operations are employed to remove small edges and to group color similar long boundaries. Centroids of long boundaries are used as object markers to the MSBRM algorithm. The generation of object markers is done using edge segment grouping. These object markers guide the region merging process. The proposed method shows its effectiveness in segmenting natural real world color images.
Energy Consumption Optimization based on Economic Benefit in WSN-based IoT via Global Hierarchical Caching Strategy
Authors: Hu Xinyi 
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) have significantly contributed to the prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and their pervasive integration into everyday life and industrial operations. A WSN-based IoT comprises numerous small, scattered, battery-operated sensors that are designed to perform collaborative tasks. These sensor nodes are prone to energy drain because of their limited battery capacity when they needed to run efficiently over extended periods of time. Enhancing the large-scale network’s lifespan and controlling the economic costs become relevant since battery replacement or recharging is impractical in severe environments. In this paper, we present a novel energy optimization algorithm tailored for WSNs, which not only takes into account the reduction in replacement costs stemming from prolonged equipment lifespan but also incorporates the operational savings resulting from enhanced energy efficiency. It aims to enhance energy efficiency by leveraging a global hierarchical caching mechanism to simultaneously balance exploration and exploitation of energy resources in both the uplink and downlink of the networks. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm effectively minimizes energy consumption while maintaining optimal economic efficiency by decreasing the frequency of state transitions. It can consume 13% less energy than original system and extend the network lifetime by 10%.
Efficient Optimization approach in WSN using Multicast Forwarding Scheme in 6LowPAN Environment
Authors: Shruti Bhargava Choubey, R. Ramya, B. Senthilkumar K. Deepika, S. Sankar Ganesh, D. J. Joel Devadass Daniel, 
Published: April 2024

The rapidly growing network of devices that are connected known as the Internet of Things, also referred to as IoT, is designed to collect and exchange data. These devices are integrated with sensors, software, and other technologies. An IPv6-based routing system called 6LowPAN was created especially for Internet of Things devices with little resources. However, because multicast packets must be replicated to every multicast group member, the conventional multicast forwarding technique in 6LowPAN may be wasteful. This can result in excessive energy usage and network traffic, particularly in large-scale Internet of Things implementations. An optimization process is presented here using a multicast forwarding scheme. In the proposed forwarding scheme, nodes can send multicast packets up and down at Low Power and Lossy networks over the 6LowPAN environment. Should the sink node be on the root node, it should immediately request that other nodes join the multicast messaging network of things. If otherwise, an ICMPv6 packet will be sent towards the root node in the Destination-oriented Directed-Acyclic Graphs (DODAG) tree, which expands the multicast messages in the first source's interest. In multi-bounce forward straight-line topology, when the DODAG network root is the source of multicast congestion, it exhibits a similar ratio of packet delivery and delay from end to end with a minimal memory overhead. When traffic via multicast originates from the most important rank node in a backward straight-line topology, this paper focuses on the efficiency of the multicast network at 6LowPAN.
Finding Grace in The Road: Moses, Messiah, and John 1:17
Authors: Hulse Mark C. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
While the boy in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road is characterized in distinctly messianic terms, his father’s many parallels with the prophet Moses have been overlooked. This article traces these correspondences from early in the novel and argues that they represent an externalized faith, one that develops in spite of the man’s empiricist mindset. Breaking with previous commentary, the article then reads the 1:17 clock stoppage as referencing John 1:17 (rather than Revelation), which cements the story’s central dynamic of an Old Testament symbol of Law superseded by a New Testament bringer of Grace and Truth—a Christian theological model referred to as dispensationalism. The tale from Genesis about Lot and his wife also informs the characterization of the family in the novel, particularly through the action of “looking back” due to compassion for those who do not survive the cataclysm. McCarthy builds upon theological speculations that appeared most prominently in the Border Trilogy, interrogating how humans rationalize misfortune and exploring how moral systems behave across real and fictional dispensations. While The Road addresses similar phenomena as these earlier works, it also offers hope and a more optimistic notion of the future through the son character.
More than Censorship: The Harm of Libricide
Authors: Donovan James 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Libricide, although often deemed an extreme instance of censorship, is altogether different. Censorship involves the suppression of particular books due to alleged inappropriate content; libricide refers to the intentional destruction of entire libraries. Understanding the differing motives recognizes that the library is more than the books it contains, and is instead an institution rooted in its history of selection and use by the local community. Over time, the library reflects the users’ identity, a reminder that any aggressor would wish to eliminate when the goal is pacification by erasure of a population’s memory and history. Prerequisites for an act of libricide—the spread of the access-for public library, the rise of an international movement for heritage preservation, and belief in the library as a site of collective memory—identify the first true act of libricide, the 1914 destruction of the Louvain Library.
In the Service/Surveillance of the UCLA School of Library Service
Authors: Ding Jaime 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Using the historical beginnings of University of California, Los Angeles School of Library Service, this article will show how self-surveillance and racializing surveillance were enacted under the guise of professionalization through higher education institutions. Bringing Simone Browne’s concept of racializing surveillance into the history of library education, this article argues that whiteness was preserved in professionalization, supporting a white supremacist system, amid concerns about status and value in white institutions during the 1960s. The story of the origins of the UCLA School of Library Service, including Lawrence Clark Powell’s influence in its formation, curriculum, courses, and administrators, as well as students such as Marion K. Cobb and Helen Amestoy, reveals how graduate-school education had intentions that delineated who was a professional and who was not. That is, the professionalization of librarianship enacted a type of racialized self-surveillance technology on library students, limiting the past and present possibilities of librarianship.
LEVELS AND DETERMINANTS OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND MENTAL STRESS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BANGLADESH: A STUDY ON KHULNA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Rani Ety , Zaman Mst. Maskura 
Published: April 2024

Modern life has led to a significant increase in depression, anxiety, and mental stress compared to past times, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. University students have been going through different critical psychological stresses for a variety of reasons. The study was designed to know the levels and determinants of depression, anxiety, and mental stress during COVID-19 among university students. A total of 369 students from honors second year to fourth year and masters’ students at Khulna University participated in this cross-sectional web-based survey. Researchers have used convenience sampling as a technique of data collection. The levels of depression, anxiety, and mental stress were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) scale and Perceived Stress scale (PSS-4). A chi-square test was performed to test the hypothesis. The findings suggest a majority of the respondents' depression, anxiety, and mental stress levels were moderate to severe. Results of the chi-square test depicted that age, gender, place of residence, lagging academically, becoming infected with COVID-19, losing tuition, and uncertainty of career persuasion were significantly associated with depression where the p-value was <0.05. On the other hand, except age and place of residence there was a significant association between demographic variables and anxiety. Income, lagging academically, infected with COVID-19, loss any tuition, and career persuasion were significantly associated with mental stress. The family, relatives, society, university, government, and other NGOs should work together and take proper initiatives to reduce depression, anxiety, and mental stress among university students.
“Mendacia, deliria, scurrilitates erat sperandum.” Realtà e aspettative di una donna di fronte ai tribunali dello Stato Pontificio dell'Ottocento
Authors: Delmedico Sara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Attraverso l'analisi di un contenzioso che vede per protagonisti una donna, Umbellina, e la sua famiglia, il presente articolo mostra la condizione giuridica femminile nello Stato Pontificio di metà Ottocento per quanto concerne la dote. La donna dello Stato Pontificio è in posizione giuridicamente ed economicamente subalterna e, alla morte del padre, ha diritto esclusivamente a una dote “congrua” sull'asse ereditario, in caso non sia ancora sposata; se già sposata e dotata, invece, non le spettano ulteriori beni mobili o immobili. Tuttavia, le donne dell'Ottocento, come dimostra il caso descritto nel presente lavoro, non sembrano più accettare passivamente come in passato la loro condizione e non esitano a far valere con forza i loro diritti, sfidando non solo la famiglia ma la società stessa, che ha ancora in sé le peculiarità dell'Ancien Régime, è ancora statica, basata sull'immobilismo, su un sistema gerarchico e sull'obbedienza.
Sanctioned by Law: Post-Patriarchal Narratives of Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Aiello Lucia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Italian women writers such as Anna Banti, Elsa Morante, and Elena Ferrante have challenged the patriarchal discourse on female subjectivity through their narrative articulations of gender-based violence. Drawing on Walter Benjamin's analysis of violence in relation to natural and positive law, this article argues that these authors’ representations of violence against women not only provide a powerful critique of patriarchal models but also reveal the contradictory nature of law and justice within a patriarchal power structure. By positioning gender-based violence at the intersection of sanctioned (i.e., legal) and unsanctioned (i.e., illegal) violence, the patriarchal structure of power ensures its continuity. The article concludes that by weaving the pervasiveness of violence experienced by women into their narrative textures, these writers modify their relationship to language from one of displacement to one of cautious proximity, thus opening the possibility for the emergence of a post-patriarchal notion of the human.
“Puoi stare perfettamente tranquilla.” Dubbi, timori e autorappresentazioni del corpo femminile nelle rubriche di “Posta del cuore” (Italia, anni Sessanta e Settanta)
Authors: Niri Virginia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tra i pochi spazi espressivi a disposizione delle giovani donne dell'Italia del boom economico, le riviste femminili—e in particolare le rubriche della posta del cuore—sono un terreno di indagine prolifico per analizzare l'immagine di sé e della propria “femminilità” delle ragazze di allora. La natura dicotomica di queste riviste (Di Franco, 2018) permetteva infatti la formulazione di dubbi e timori legati al proprio corpo—e in particolare alla propria intimità—che non trovavano spazio espressivo altrove, né in famiglia né in contesti di socializzazione; dall'altra parte silenziava ogni possibile spunto di confronto con quelle che i responsabili della “posta del cuore” chiamavano “risposte in maschera”: una serie generica di rassicurazioni che non permetteva il confronto tra le lettrici, riportando ogni angoscia a livello personale. L'articolo si interroga sulla potenziale utilità “didattica” di queste rubriche, sottolineando la forte spinta sistemica che caratterizza la maggior parte delle risposte alle lettere. Ne risulta un ritratto spezzettato del corpo femminile, diviso tra parti dicibili e indicibili, ma che nel “senso della socializzazione dei problemi” (Del Bo Boffino, 1997) trova uno dei suoi primi tentativi di nominazione—un processo che sarà poi fondamentale nel lavoro sul corpo e sulla rappresentazione di sé proprio del femminismo autocoscienziale.
A Hidden Landscape: Interpreting Buried Archaeological Site Potential in the White River Valley, Indiana
Authors: Trader Patrick D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A model for buried site potential has been developed and presented here following extensive geoarchaeological investigations conducted along the White River valley in Indiana. Backhoe-trenching efforts identified 35 buried archaeological sites dating from the Late Archaic through postcontact periods. Buried archaeological sites were found primarily in soils classified as inceptisols, with fewer found in soils classified as mollisols and entisols. Geochronological dating and artifact analysis suggest that after 3000 BP the White River valley transitioned from lateral to vertical accretion, providing landforms suitable for precontact occupation.
دور إستراتيجية المحيط الأخضر بتوسيط تحفيز الإبداع المستمر لتحقيق النصر الاستراتيجي: دراسة استطلاعية في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية
Authors: غالب الاء عبد الكريم 
Published: April 2024

تجابه إدارة الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية في عملها بالسوق المحلي حالة مستمرة من المنافسة سواء كانت من شركات منافسة أو منتجات مستوردة من مختلف الدول ، بالإضافة إلى التغيرات في أذواق الزبائن وتسارع وتيرة التصاميم والمتغيرات البيئية مما يتطلب تبني استراتيجية المحيط الأخضر لتساعد الشركة على مواجهة تلك التحديات، ومن هنا تتبلور مشكلة البحث حول كيف يمكن لاستراتيجية المحيط الأخضر التي يمكن توظيفها لتحقيق النصر الاستراتيجي عبر اعتماد تحفيز الإبداع المستمر في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية ، كما تكمن أهمية البحث في تسليط الضوء على ماهية مضامين متغيرات جوهر المشكلة لاعتمادها من قبل إدارات الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية لبلوغ المرامي التي تسعى إليها وهو ما يؤشر إلى أهداف البحث. وتم اعتماد استمارة استبيان وزعت على (84) عينة من العاملين في الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية في مدينة بغداد، لقياس نتائج العلاقة التأثيرية. وخلص البحث إلى النتيجة بوجود علاقة تأثيرية لاستراتيجية المحيط الأخضر على النصر الاستراتيجي وبوجود تأثير إيجابي لتحفيز الإبداع المستمر . ويوصي البحث بضرورة اعتماد استراتيجية المحيط الأخضر كمنهج تتبعة إدارة الشركة العامة للصناعات الجلدية لزيادة الأفكار الإبداعية التي تساعدها للوصول والحفاظ على النصر الاستراتيجي .
اثر الاحتواء الاستراتيجي في تحقيق الميزة الرائدة للعلامة دراسة تطبيقية في شركة الجود لتكنولوجيا الصناعة الحديثة
Authors: الخاقاني ضرغام محمد 
Published: April 2024

تمثلت مشكلة البحث في إن القطاع الصناعي بصورة عامة والمنظمات الانتاجية بصورة خاصة في العراق في حالة تدهور ولظهور هذا الشركات في السوق عليها اولا الاهتمام بصورة رئيسة بعلامتها التجارية الخاصة بمنتجاتها. ومن هنا فقد تم صياغة المشكلة في التساؤل الرئيسي " هل يوجد تأثير موجب ذات دلالة معنوية للاحتواء الاستراتيجي في تحقيق الميزة الرائدة للعلامة ".
وهدفت الدراسة الحالية بصورة رئيسة إلى اختبار تأثير الاحتواء الاستراتيجي ودورها في تحقيق الميزة الرائدة للعلامة, وذلك كمحاولة جادة لردم الفجوة المعرفية في تفسير طبيعة العلاقة بين هذه المتغيرات عبر تحليل طبيعة العلاقات بينها من خلال استطلاع آراء مجموعة من الافراد العاملين في شركة الجود لتكنولوجيا الصناعة والزراعة الحديثة.
ولتحقيق هذا الهدف, فقد تم استخدام الاستبانة الالكترونية بوصفها أداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات المطلوبة من خلال توزيعها بأسلوب الحصر الشامل للمجتمع, وبعد قيام الباحث بأرسال الاستبانة الالكترونية على العاملين في المنظمة قيد الدراسة, تم استرجاع (156) استبانة من الشركة المبحوثة، تم تحليلها باستخدام عددٍ من الاختبارات الإحصائية المتوافرة ضمن البرنامجين الاحصائيين SPSS وSmsrtPLS.
توصلت الدراسة بعد ذلك إلى مجموعة من النتائج الإحصائية التي اثبتت الدراسة من خلال هذه النتائج التي تم التوصل اليها وجود تاثير معنوي موجب للاحتواء الاستراتيجي في تحقيق الميزة الرائدة للعلامة.
اما اهم التوصيات التي يوصي بها الباحث, ضرورة اعتماد المنظمة المبحوثة ان تهتم وتجاري كل التطورات والحداثة في تكنولوجيا الصناعة من خلال اعتماد الاحتواء الاستراتيجي في تقليل الوقت والجهد والموارد والطاقة من جانب وجذب الزبون من خلال الاهتمام باحتياجات وتفضيلات الزبائن من جانب اخر لتحقيق الميزة الرائدة لعلامة المنظمة.
فاعلية استخدام التعليم عن بعد في المرحلة الأساسية
Authors: الرشدان مهند أحمد حسن 
Published: April 2024

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى فاعلية استخدام التعليم عن بعد في المرحلة الأساسية. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة حاول الباحث الإجابة عما إذا كان هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α≤0.05) في درجة اكتساب مفاهيم الوراثة لطلبة الصف الثامن في محافظة إربد تعزى لطريقة التدريس (التقليدية والتعليم عن بعد). تكونت عينة الدراسة من أربع مجموعات تم اختيارها بطريقة عشوائية، وتم توزيعها على النحو الآتي، مجموعتان تجريبيتان بلغ عدد أفرادها (28) طالبا و(30) وطالبة، ومجموعتان ضابطتان بلغ عدد أفرادها ( 30) طالبا و ( 30) طالبة ، من طلاب الصف الثامن الأساسي في مدرسة كفر الماء الأساسية الثانية للذكور، وطالبات الصف الثامن الأساسي في مدرسة كفرالماء الثانوية الشاملة للإناث. تكونت أدوات الدراسة من الوحدة الدراسية المحوسبة التي تم إعدادها لغايات التعليم عن بعد، واختبار تم إعداده أيضا لغايات الدراسة من قبل الباحث. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة تعزى إلى طريقة التدريس لصالح المجموعة التعليم عن بعد.