bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting Students' Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through Classroom English Debate in Critical Speaking Course at IAIN Bone Students
Authors: Maharajuddin Musfirah , Zuhri DJ Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

The analyzing, evaluating and creating skill that are drilled during debate practice have been shown to support students' critical thinking skill. It proves how debate inspires students to analyze a situation from their own point of view. This research, therefore, aimed to evaluate debate in promoting students’ higher order thinking skill, particularly among Students of English Education Program at IAIN Bone, South Sulawesi. The research adopted qualitative analysis in which observation and interview were used as data-gathering instruments. The findings showed that debate promoted students’ higher order thinking skill because in debating students are required to think critically according to aspects of Bloom's taxonomy, they were analyzing, evaluating and creating. However, there were several problems faced by some students during English debate classroom in critical speaking subject, namely trouble defining the motion, had a limited vocabulary, difficult to rebut the opponent's argument, the difficulty of expressing an argument and nervous when practicing debates because they have to think critically.
Keywords: Debate, Higher Order Thinking Skill, Critical Speaking, Students’ Problem.
Students' Perception of The Use of The Grammarly Application in Their Writing
Authors: Andi Anugrah Surya Ardhy  
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine students’ perception of using Grammarly applications in their writings and the advantages and disadvantages of the Grammarly application for writing the English Language Education Study Program students. The researcher used mixed methods in this study with research instruments, namely interviews and questionnaires. The sample of this study was 13 students of the Manado State Islamic Institute of English Education Study Program of the 2018/2019 Academic Year who knew and used the Grammarly application. Data analysis in this study uses two analytical techniques. First, the qualitative analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model to analyze the results of interview data, and the second quantitative analysis uses descriptive statistics to analyze the results of questionnaire data. Based on the research results, 72.32% of students have positive perceptions of using this grammar application. It is reinforced by the results of interviews where respondents feel many benefits after using grammar applications, such as making it easier to correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, and styles, time -stream, and correction suggestions from applications that are easy to understand. On the other hand, 27.68% of students look negatively at using this application. It requires smooth network access and extensive storage capacity to use applications.
Deguelin inhibits the proliferation of human multiple myeloma cells by inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest: Involvement of Akt and p38 MAPK signalling pathway
Authors: Sun Kening , Chen Ping , Zhang Liang , Lu Zhidong , Jin Qunhua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Deguelin exhibits antiproliferative activity against various cancer cell types. Previous studies have reported that deguelin exhibits pro-apoptotic activity against human cancer cells. The current study aimed at further elaborating the anticancer effects of deguelin against multiple myeloma cells. Cell growth estimations were made through MTT assay. Phase contrast microscopy was used for the analysis of the viability of multiple myeloma cells. Colony formation from multiple myeloma cells was studied using a clonogenic assay. Antioxidative assays for determining levels of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were carried out after treating multiple myeloma cells with deguelin. The apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells was studied using AO/EB and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining methods. Multiple myeloma cell cycle analysis was performed through flow cytometry. mRNA expression levels were depicted using qRT-PCR. Migration and invasion of multiple myeloma cells were determined with the wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. Deguelin specifically inhibited the multiple myeloma cell growth while the normal plasma cells were minimally affected. Multiple myeloma cells when treated with deguelin exhibited remarkably lower viability and colony-forming ability. Multiple myeloma cells treated with deguelin produced more SOD and had higher GSH levels. The multiple myeloma cell growth, migration, and invasion were significantly declined by in vitro administration of deguelin. In conclusion, deguelin treatment, when applied in vitro, induced apoptotic cell death and resulted in mitotic cessation at the G2/M phase through modulation of cell cycle regulatory mRNAs in multiple myeloma cells.
Furanocoumarin compounds isolated from Dorstenia foetida potentiate irinotecan anticancer activity against colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Pengnam Supusson , Jitkaroon Watcharapa , Srisuphan Roongtiwa , Wongprayoon Pawaris , Rayanil Kanok-On , Charoensuksai Purin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Although the anticancer activity of Dorstenia foetida was already observed, the chemical entity responsible for this activity remained unidentified. In this study, the cytotoxic activity of two furanocoumarin compounds, i.e., 5-methoxy--3-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydroxybutyl)-psoralen (1) and 5-methoxy-3-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydroxybutyl)-psoralen diacetate (2) isolated from ethyl acetate fraction of D. foetida (whole plant) was investigated in several cancer cell lines including HN22, MDA-MB-231, HCT116, and HT29. The results revealed that compound 2 exhibited cytotoxic activity, particularly against colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29. The interplay between compound 2 and irinotecan (Iri) showed synergism against HCT116, which was analyzed by CompuSyn software. The simulation revealed that, at the molar ratio of Iri:2 of 1:40, the concentration predicted to achieve a 90 % inhibitory effect when used in the combination would be ~28- and ~4-fold lower than the concentration of compound 2 and Iri, resp., when used individually. Finally, the percentage of apoptotic cells in the HCT116 line treated with the combination was markedly higher than in the cells treated with the individual agent (60 % apoptotic cells for the combination compared to 17 and 45 % for Iri and compound 2 monotherapy, resp). In conclusion, our results identified compound 2 as a plant-derived compound exhibiting anticancer properties that can act synergistically with Iri and warranted further research to assess the potential of this synergism for colorectal cancer treatment.
A comprehensive overview of selective and novel fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors as a potential anticancer modality
Authors: Jain Nem Kumar , Tailang Mukul , Thangavel Neelaveni , Makeen Hafiz A. , Albratty Mohammed , Najmi Asim , Alhazmi Hassan Ahmad , Zoghebi Khalid , Alagusundaram Muthumanickam , Jain Hemant Kumar , Chandrasekaran Balakumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The arrival of comprehensive genome sequencing has accelerated the understanding of genetically aberrant advanced cancers and target identification for possible cancer treatment. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene alterations are frequent findings in various rare and advanced cancers refractive to mainstay chemo-therapy or surgical interventions. Several FGFR inhibitors have been developed for addressing these genetically altered FGFR-harboring malignancies, and some have performed well in clinical trials. In contrast, others are still being investigated in different phases of clinical trials. FDA has approved four anticancer agents such as erdafitinib, pemigatinib, infigratinib, and futibatinib, for clinical use in oncogenic FGFR-driven malignancies. These include cholangiocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and myeloid/lymphoid malignancies. Pemigatinib is the only FGFR inhibitor globally approved (USA, EU, and Japan) and available as a targeted therapy for two types of cancer, including FGFR2 fusion or other rearrangements harboring cholangiocarcinoma and relapsed/refractory myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with FGFR1 rearrangements. Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm is the latest area of application added to the therapeutic armamentarium of FGFR inhibitors. Furthermore, futibatinib is the first-in-class covalent or irreversible pan-FGFR inhibitor that has received FDA approval for locally advanced or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring FGFR2 gene aberrations. This review highlights the current clinical progress concerning the safety and efficacy of all the approved FGFR-TKIs (tyrosine kinase inhibitors) and their ongoing investigations in clinical trials for other oncogenic FGFR-driven malignancies.
Medicarpin suppresses lung cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell apoptosis
Authors: Shen Zongyi , Yin Liqi , Chang Manxia , Wang Haifeng , Hao Mingxuan , Liang Youfeng , Guo Rui , Bi Ying , Wang Jiansong , Yu Changyuan , Li Jinmei , Zhai Qiongli , Cheng Runfen , Zhang Jinku , Sun Jirui , Yang Zhao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are considered dominant treatment strategies for LC in the clinic. However, drug resistance and meta-stasis are two major challenges in cancer therapies. Medicarpin (MED) is an isoflavone compound isolated from alfalfa, which is usually used in traditional medicine. This study was de sig ned to evaluate the anti-LC effect and reveal the underlying mechanisms of MED in vivo and in vitro. We found that MED could significantly inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest of A549 and H157 cell lines. Basically, MED induced cell apoptosis of LC cells by upregu lating the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and Bak1, leading to the cleavage of caspase-3 (Casp3). Moreover, MED inhibited the proliferation of LC cells via downregulating the expression of proliferative protein Bid. Overall, MED inhibited LC cell growth in vitro and in vivo via suppressing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis, suggesting the therapeutic potential of MED in treating LC.
Long non-coding RNA TINCR suppresses growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells: Insights from in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Wei Yuan , Zhu Ping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
There is increasing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the development and progression of malignant tumors, particularly pancreatic cancer. In this study, the influence of the lncRNA TINCR on the behavior of human pancreatic cancer cells was investigated with the aim of deciphering its role in growth, migration, and invasion. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate TINCR expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Ectopic expression of TINCR in PANC-1 cells was induced to evaluate the effects on cell viability and apoptosis, examining the apoptotic genes Bax and Bcl-2. Migration and invasion assays were used to measure the impact of TINCR on these cellular processes. In vivo studies using a xenograft mouse model examined the effects of TINCR on tumor growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PANC-1 cells showed strikingly low TINCR expression compared to other pancreatic cancer cell lines. Ectopic TINCR expression reduced the viability of PANC-1 cells primarily by inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by increased Bax and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Overexpression of TINCR significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. It also decreased the migration and invasion ability of PANC-1 cells, as demonstrated in wound healing and transwell assays. In addition, overexpression of TINCR-suppressed proteins is associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in PANC-1 cells. In the xenograft mouse model, overexpression of TINCR inhibited tumor growth, EMT markers, and proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This study sheds light on the tumour-suppressive role of TINCR in PANC-1 cells and suggests its potential as a therapeutic target. These results shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of TINCR on pancreatic cancer and offer promising opportunities for innovative therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in this serious malignancy.
Construction of languages as the interlinguistic problem
Authors: Košecký Stanislav 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study attempts to sketch the vast problem of the construction of languages or construction within languages. So far, linguists have paid little attention to these issues, as under the influence of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, stressed especially by A. Schleicher based on Darwinism, they were considered understood and untouchable. Only later, especially under the influence of B. de Courtenay, H. Schuchardt and O. Jespersen, language started to be understood as a sociopsychological tool that allows conscious influence on its structure and evolution. After dealing with the topic of the attributes of language according to a new classification, the author then discusses the object of interlinguistics, which is presented according to the latest concept of the Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik (GIL). The following three overviews of important interlinguistics works with an emphasis on the construction of languages begin with D. Blanke’s book Internationale Plansprachen, which offers the reader the most extensive work on this topic until now, with an extraordinarily rich bibliography. Then there is a rather detailed review of A. Piperski’s book focuses on the construction of languages, and the author ends his extensive study with a short analysis of Y. Wahlgren’s work on fantasy languages, for which the moment of construction plays an essential role.
The First Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: A Fast-Analytical Technique in Targeted Search for Elements in Geological Samples from Deep Boreholes in Latvia
Authors: Ganeev R. A. , Kim V. V. , Vorobyov D. , Gross U. , Ubelis A. , Ozols D. , Butikova J. , Grube J. , Sarakovskis A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides a rapid, cost-effective, and extra-sensitive analysis of geological samples to make preliminary conclusions about the presence of valuable elements up to the trace levels in the ore. We present the first results of a highly sensitive qualitative analysis of the core samples of geological ore from two boreholes in Latvia (Staicele 1, from a depth range of 794–802 m, and Garsene (Subate) 2A, from a depth range of 1102–1103 m) using LIBS. Our measurements using this technique confirmed the high iron content and indicated traces of rare and high in-demand metals (such as Ti, V, Co, Sm, etc.) in the sample from Staicele, renewing interest in studying boreholes across Latvia. The presented pilot studies demonstrated effectiveness and unique possibility in performing a very sensitive and time-saving qualitative analysis of the composition of samples of ores from the old but still valuable borehole cores by using the LIBS method. We compare these measurements with other methods of sample analysis.
Analysis of the Energy Consumption for Heating in Schools
Authors: Sinakovics M. , Zajacs A. , Palcikovskis A. , Jacnevs V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyse energy consumption for heating in set of the school buildings. Data analysis includes three data sets – predictions from energy performance certificates (EPC), measured data from heat meters and measured climate corrected data. Data sets were statistically checked and processed and represented graphically. The actual energy consumption differs from the one stated in the EPCs in all cases, which means that schools consume on average 15 % more energy than it is stated in the EPC. Overall, the data reveal that the actual energy consumption differs from the theoretical consumption, with all schools having higher actual consumption than the theoretical values. The differences in the data sets are discussed, and possible improvements are suggested taking into account strong relation between energy consumption and indoor air quality.
Occupational Safety Risk Assessment for Wola Heavy-Duty Machinery Operator in a Romanian Diabase Open –Pit Mine
Authors: Moldoveanu Raluca Cepreaga , Moraru Roland Iosif 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Occupational safety risk assessment is always the basic stage of the systematic approach of reducing the impact of undesired events (work injuries and occupational illnesses), by decreasing both their likelihood of occurrence and the gravity/severity of the generated impact. Eighteen years ago, when, as a consequence of the regulatory changes induced by our country’s accession into the European Union, the risk assessment became mandatory/compulsory. Since then some progress was factually realized in the spirit of applying different risk analysis techniques in all Romanian organizations. Even if there are many aspects that are requiring further improvement, an effectively validated and nationally accepted indigenous tool is nowadays available. This method was put in practice in this research paper, in order to analyse, evaluate and assess the safety risks related to several of the main activities/jobs in a diabase open pit mine exploiting construction stone in a certain province of the country. Based on the results obtained, it has become feasible to propose realistic measures aimed at preventing the identified and quantified risks located in the field of unacceptable risks and protecting exposed workers to their effects. The case study developed and synthesized in this article confirms the capability of the risk assessment process to facilitate the substantiation of the decisions regarding the allocation of resources towards the minimization of the risks encountered in the work processes by different categories of workers in the mining companies.
Experimental Verification of Calculation Formulas for Hydraulic Characteristics of Ash Suspension Removal
Authors: Kurilov Vladyslav 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the hydraulic characteristics of ash suspensions, in particular the removal of ash from the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station. The importance of this research is justified by the relevance of understanding hydrodynamic processes in suspensions, which is crucial for the efficiency of mineral resource processing. The study focuses on the investigation of the physico-chemical properties of suspensions, which is fundamental for the development and optimization of technological processes. The main goal of the article is to determine the discrepancies between theoretical calculations and experimental data in the context of the hydraulic characteristics of ash suspensions. Focusing on this issue, the research aims to make an important contribution to the accuracy of prediction and calculation of the behavior of suspensions, which has important practical applications. The research methodology includes a series of experiments to measure various hydraulic parameters of the suspension, including suspension density, solid phase weight content, and porosity. The experiments are based on a detailed analysis of ash samples collected from the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station. It is established that theoretical formulas for determining hydraulic characteristics are well confirmed experimentally. The difference is due to the accuracy of measuring the density of the solid phase and errors in measuring weight and volume; it is sufficiently small and does not have a fundamental character.
Computational Simulation of Methane Ignition in Enclosed Spaces
Authors: Florea Gheorghe Daniel , Petrilean Dan Codruț 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the research on gas explosions, the emphasis has been and continues to be primarily on physical experiments conducted on various scaled-down models. Building models at actual size is often a resource-intensive task in terms of materials, time, and human resources. The rapid advancement of computational techniques has allowed, among other things, the transfer of gas explosion research into the virtual environment. For validating computerized simulations of this kind, physical experiments and specialized literature are still considered fundamental. However, one of the challenges posed by the virtualization process is the limitation of conducting simulations in fully or partially enclosed spaces, under initially imposed conditions, without the possibility of dynamically modifying these conditions based on the development of overpressures generated by the virtual explosion. This paper details a computerized experiment where the boundary conditions were successfully transformed into predefined pressure threshold surfaces, transitioning from rigid surfaces to surfaces capable of releasing the overpressures developed in fully or partially enclosed spaces. This approach aligns the results of these simulations with the real dynamic effects of gas explosion events.
CFD Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Dispersion Dynamics in Closed Spaces
Authors: Cioclea Doru , Radu Sorin Mihai , Cămărășescu Alexandru , Matei Adrian , Drăgoescu Răzvan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Carbon dioxide is a suffocating gas resulting either from industrial activities from combustion or explosion. There may also be carbon dioxide deposits under pressure, quartered in porous geological formations. This gas can show slow or violent releases with accumulation at ground level. Carbon dioxide is a gas that is both toxic and asphyxiating. This gas can accumulate in closed spaces and when it exceeds the concentration of 12% vol. it becomes lethal. For the protection of working personnel, it is necessary to identify and apply the most effective preventive measures. This requires an understanding of carbon dioxide’s behaviour during the build-up phase. The research gives a CFD analysis for determining the dynamics of carbon dioxide dispersion in a confined enclosure.
A Cleaning of Internal Surfaces of Bunkers Without the Presence of Operating Personnel Inside the Bunker
Authors: Shapovalov V.A. , Lyashenko V.I. , Gurin A.O. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bunkers are an integral part of the infrastructure of enterprises in various industries processing bulk materials. Corrosion processes and the formation of dust deposits on the internal surfaces of bunkers are irreversible and often lead to disruptions in the technological process and equipment performance parameters, and in some cases, to accidents. The stability and continuity of technological processes for processing bulk materials largely depend on the cleanliness of the internal surfaces of bunkers. Even the best technical characteristics of technological equipment only indicate the technical capabili-ties of the operation of technological lines. Their reliable and effective operation can be ensured by proper maintenance of the condition of internal surfaces and cleaning from corrosion and deposits. Increased dustiness, poor visibility, and confined spaces significantly complicate the conditions for performing work by service personnel inside bunkers. The enclosed space inside bunkers is a very dangerous place not intended for the work of service personnel. In order to avoid endangering ser-vice personnel and prevent people from entering the bunker, methods are proposed to easily, quickly, and, most importantly, safely clean the surfaces inside the bunkers.