bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in pre-hospital volume resuscitation of blunt trauma patients: a 15-year analysis of the British (TARN) and German (TraumaRegister DGU®) National Registries
Authors: Bath M. F. , Schloer J. , Strobel J. , Rea W. , Lefering R. , Maegele M. , De’Ath H. , Perkins Z. B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionFluid resuscitation has long been a cornerstone of pre-hospital trauma care, yet its optimal approach remains undetermined. Although a liberal approach to fluid resuscitation has been linked with increased complications, the potential survival benefits of a restrictive approach in blunt trauma patients have not been definitively established. Consequently, equipoise persists regarding the optimal fluid resuscitation strategy in this population.MethodsWe analysed data from the two largest European trauma registries, the UK Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) and the German TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU), between 2004 and 2018. All adult blunt trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score > 15 were included. We examined annual trends in pre-hospital fluid resuscitation, admission coagulation function, and mortality rates.ResultsOver the 15-year study period, data from 68,510 patients in the TARN cohort and 82,551 patients in the TR-DGU cohort were analysed. In the TARN cohort, 3.4% patients received pre-hospital crystalloid fluids, with a median volume of 25 ml (20–36 ml) administered. Conversely, in the TR-DGU cohort, 91.1% patients received pre-hospital crystalloid fluids, with a median volume of 756 ml (750–912 ml) administered. Notably, both cohorts demonstrated a consistent year-on-year decrease in the volume of pre-hospital fluid administered, accompanied by improvements in admission coagulation function and reduced mortality rates.ConclusionConsiderable variability exists in pre-hospital fluid resuscitation strategies for blunt trauma patients. Our data suggest a trend towards reduced pre-hospital fluid administration over time. This trend appears to be associated with improved coagulation function and decreased mortality rates. However, we acknowledge that these outcomes are influenced by multiple factors, including other improvements in pre-hospital care over time. Future research should aim to identify which trauma populations may benefit, be harmed, or remain unaffected by different pre-hospital fluid resuscitation strategies.
Heart rate and breathing effects on attention and memory (HeartBEAM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial in older adults
Authors: Nashiro Kaoru , Yoo Hyun Joo , Cho Christine , Kim Andy Jeesu , Nasseri Padideh , Min Jungwon , Dahl Martin J. , Mercer Noah , Choupan Jeiran , Choi Paul , Lee Hye Rynn J. , Choi David , Alemu Kalekirstos , Herrera Alexandra Ycaza , Ng Nicole F. , Thayer Julian F. , Mather Mara 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
In healthy people, the “fight-or-flight” sympathetic system is counterbalanced by the “rest-and-digest” parasympathetic system. As we grow older, the parasympathetic system declines as the sympathetic system becomes hyperactive. In our prior heart rate variability biofeedback and emotion regulation (HRV-ER) clinical trial, we found that increasing parasympathetic activity through daily practice of slow-paced breathing significantly decreased plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) in healthy younger and older adults. In healthy adults, higher plasma Aβ is associated with greater risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our primary goal of this trial is to reproduce and extend our initial findings regarding effects of slow-paced breathing on Aβ. Our secondary objectives are to examine the effects of daily slow-paced breathing on brain structure and the rate of learning.

Methods
Adults aged 50–70 have been randomized to practice one of two breathing protocols twice daily for 9 weeks: (1) “slow-paced breathing condition” involving daily cognitive training followed by slow-paced breathing designed to maximize heart rate oscillations or (2) “random-paced breathing condition” involving daily cognitive training followed by random-paced breathing to avoid increasing heart rate oscillations. The primary outcomes are plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels and plasma Aβ42/40 ratio. The secondary outcomes are brain perivascular space volume, hippocampal volume, and learning rates measured by cognitive training performance. Other pre-registered outcomes include plasma pTau-181/tTau ratio and urine Aβ42. Recruitment began in January 2023. Interventions are ongoing and will be completed by the end of 2023.

Discussion
Our HRV-ER trial was groundbreaking in demonstrating that a behavioral intervention can reduce plasma Aβ levels relative to a randomized control group. We aim to reproduce these findings while testing effects on brain clearance pathways and cognition.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05602220. Registered on January 12, 2023.
Impact of climate change on temperature variations and extrinsic incubation period of malaria parasites in Chennai, India: implications for its disease transmission potential
Authors: Kripa P. K. , Thanzeen P. S. , Jaganathasamy Nagaraj , Ravishankaran Sangamithra , Anvikar Anupkumar R. , Eapen Alex 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The global temperature has significantly risen in the past century. Studies have indicated that higher temperature intensifies malaria transmission in tropical and temperate countries. Temperature fluctuations will have a potential impact on parasite development in the vector Anopheles mosquito.

Methods
Year-long microclimate temperatures were recorded from a malaria-endemic area, Chennai, India, from September 2021 to August 2022. HOBO data loggers were placed in different vector resting sites including indoor and outdoor roof types. Downloaded temperatures were categorised by season, and the mean temperature was compared with data from the same study area recorded from November 2012 to October 2013. The extrinsic incubation period for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax was calculated from longitudinal temperatures recorded during both periods. Vector surveillance was also carried out in the area during the summer season.

Results
In general, temperature and daily temperature range (DTR) have increased significantly compared to the 2012–2013 data, especially the DTR of indoor asbestos structures, from 4.30 ℃ to 12.62 ℃ in 2021–2022, unlike the marginal increase observed in thatched and concrete structures. Likewise, the average DTR of outdoor asbestos structures increased from 5.02 ℃ (2012–2013) to 8.76 ℃ (2021–2022) although the increase was marginal in thatched structures and, surprisingly, showed no such changes in concrete structures. The key finding of the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) is that a decreasing trend was observed in 2021–2022 compared to 2012–2013, mainly in indoor asbestos structures from 7.01 to 6.35 days, which negatively correlated with the current observation of an increase in temperature. Vector surveillance undertaken in the summer season revealed the presence of Anopheles breeding in various habitats. Anopheles stephensi could be collected using CDC light traps along with other mosquito species.

Conclusion
The microclimate temperature has increased significantly over the years, and mosquitoes are gradually adapting to this rising temperature. Temperature negatively correlates with the extrinsic incubation period of the parasite. As the temperature increases, the development of the parasite in An. stephensi will be faster because of a decrease in EIP, thus requiring relatively fewer days, posing a risk for disease transmission and a hindrance to malaria elimination efforts.

Graphical Abstract
Synovial sarcoma of the dorsal aspect of the hand: a case report
Authors: Bizhanzadeh Farhad , Heydari Fateme , Rashedi Ronak , Ramezanirad Mohammadhosein , Bahadori Amir Reza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma, with incidences of 0.81/1,000,000 in children and 1.42/1,000,000 in adults. It is most commonly found in soft tissue and rarely in bone. It often has a slow growth pattern and a benign radiologic appearance.

Case presentation
This study reports a case of metacarpal synovial sarcoma occurring in the hand-wrist of a 32-year-old Iranian man presented with the chief complaint of a lump on the dorsal ulnar side of his left hand and wrist. Initially, the first physician suspected the case to be a ganglion cyst. After two months of conservative treatment, the size of the lesion gradually increased. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and after an excisional biopsy and a postoperative histological analysis, the tumor was identified as a synovial sarcoma. The patient underwent a scheduled surgical procedure. Unfortunately, he had poor follow-ups and brought the pathologic results two months later when, the tumor had incredible growth, which makes this presentation rare.

Conclusions
Since early diagnosis can lead to higher survival rates, this report increases doctors' awareness of this extremely malignant tumor that is rarely seen.
SRA-E-ABCO: terminal task offloading for cloud-edge-end environments
Authors: Jiao Shun , Wang Haiyan , Luo Jian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of the Internet technology along with the emergence of intelligent applications has put forward higher requirements for task offloading. In Cloud-Edge-End (CEE) environments, offloading computing tasks of terminal devices to edge and cloud servers can effectively reduce system delay and alleviate network congestion. Designing a reliable task offloading strategy in CEE environments to meet users’ requirements is a challenging issue. To design an effective offloading strategy, a Service Reliability Analysis and Elite-Artificial Bee Colony Offloading model (SRA-E-ABCO) is presented for cloud-edge-end environments. Specifically, a Service Reliability Analysis (SRA) method is proposed to assist in predicting the offloading necessity of terminal tasks and analyzing the attributes of terminal devices and edge nodes. An Elite Artificial Bee Colony Offloading (E-ABCO) method is also proposed, which optimizes the offloading strategy by combining elite populations with improved fitness formulas, position update formulas, and population initialization methods. Simulation results on real datasets validate the efficient performance of the proposed scheme that not only reduces task offloading delay but also optimize system overhead in comparison to baseline schemes.
Chinook salmon depth distributions on the continental shelf are shaped by interactions between location, season, and individual condition
Authors: Freshwater Cameron , Anderson Sean C. , Huff David D. , Smith Joseph M. , Jackson Doug , Hendriks Brian , Hinch Scott G. , Johnston Stephen , Trites Andrew W. , King Jackie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Ecological and physical conditions vary with depth in aquatic ecosystems, resulting in gradients of habitat suitability. Although variation in vertical distributions among individuals provides evidence of habitat selection, it has been challenging to disentangle how processes at multiple spatio-temporal scales shape behaviour.

Methods
We collected thousands of observations of depth from $$>~300$$

>

300

acoustically tagged adult Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, spanning multiple seasons and years. We used these data to parameterize a machine-learning model to disentangle the influence of spatial, temporal, and dynamic oceanographic variables while accounting for differences in individual condition and maturation stage.

Results
The top performing machine learning model used bathymetric depth ratio (i.e., individual depth relative to seafloor depth) as a response. We found that bathymetry, season, maturation stage, and spatial location most strongly influenced Chinook salmon depth. Chinook salmon bathymetric depth ratios were deepest in shallow water, during winter, and for immature individuals. We also identified non-linear interactions among covariates, resulting in spatially-varying effects of zooplankton concentration, lunar cycle, temperature and oxygen concentration.

Conclusions
Our results suggest Chinook salmon vertical habitat use is a function of ecological interactions, not physiological constraints. Temporal and spatial variation in depth distributions could be used to guide management decisions intended to reduce fishery impacts on Chinook salmon. More generally, our findings demonstrate how complex interactions among bathymetry, seasonality, location, and life history stage regulate vertical habitat selection.
Challenges of maritime human resource management for the transition to shipping digitalization
Authors: Theotokas Ioannis N. , Lagoudis Ioannis N. , Raftopoulou Konstantina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenges that appear in maritime human resource management, in the face of the digitalized environment in maritime business, due to the diffusion of new technologies, such as big data analytics, blockchain technology, and future MASS technology. The current study is based on a systematic review of the relevant literature attempting to respond to the analysis of the challenges described above. The study reveals that existing scientific interest concentrates on the training and education of the maritime workforce, the new skills required as well as the possible loss of traditional jobs and the creation of new ones, while mainly examining the seagoing personnel. However, limited attention has been paid to the practices of human resource management, which could facilitate the transition to the new era of maritime business. This study aims at contributing to the research in the field of Maritime HRM by revealing gaps in existing literature and suggesting areas for future research as well as new methodological approaches in addressing these gaps.
Regulation of inflammatory diseases via the control of mRNA decay
Authors: Yoshinaga Masanori , Takeuchi Osamu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInflammation orchestrates a finely balanced process crucial for microorganism elimination and tissue injury protection. A multitude of immune and non-immune cells, alongside various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, collectively regulate this response. Central to this regulation is post-transcriptional control, governing gene expression at the mRNA level. RNA-binding proteins such as tristetraprolin, Roquin, and the Regnase family, along with RNA modifications, intricately dictate the mRNA decay of pivotal mediators and regulators in the inflammatory response. Dysregulated activity of these factors has been implicated in numerous human inflammatory diseases, underscoring the significance of post-transcriptional regulation. The increasing focus on targeting these mechanisms presents a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review offers an extensive overview of post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms during inflammatory responses, delving into recent advancements, their implications in human diseases, and the strides made in therapeutic exploitation.
An overview of DNA degradation and its implications in forensic caseworks
Authors: Bhoyar Lina , Mehar Palash , Chavali Krishnadutt 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
DNA (deoxy-ribonucleic acid) is a fundamental molecule housing genetic information crucial for forensic casework. However, its integrity is compromised over time due to degradation, affecting living and deceased organisms. Understanding the factors and mechanisms of DNA degradation is vital across scientific disciplines.

Main body
DNA degradation is a dynamic process influenced by factors like temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. The post-mortem interval affects organisms differently, and mechanisms such as hydrolysis, oxidation, and depurination impact DNA structural integrity. In forensic casework, DNA degradation poses challenges because degraded DNA samples can be difficult to analyze. Despite these challenges, DNA degradation has become an invaluable asset in forensic science. Fragmented DNA aids in historical identification and archaeological investigations. Additionally, DNA degradation helps estimate the time since death, assisting investigators in criminal timelines. Forensic experts use degradation patterns to deduce environmental conditions affecting a body, aiding crime scene reconstruction. In criminal investigations, advancements in DNA recovery, like next-generation sequencing, enable the analysis of severely degraded samples, enhancing the identification of suspects and victims.

Conclusion
DNA degradation, despite its challenges, is a potent tool in forensic science. Understanding the factors and mechanisms influencing DNA degradation is essential for its effective utilization in criminal casework. With ongoing advancements in forensic techniques and technologies, the reliability and utility of degraded DNA analysis are steadily increasing, helping to bring resolution to complex criminal cases and uncovering hidden clues in forensic investigations.
Clinical course of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kwak Nakwon , Moon Jinyoung , Kim Joong-Yub , Park Jun Won , Yim Jae-Joon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) has not been well established. In this study, we investigated the clinical course of NTM-PD in patients with RA and the impact of RA on the prognosis of NTM-PD.

Methods
We analyzed patients who developed NTM-PD after being diagnosed with RA from January 2004 to August 2023 at a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea. The patient’s baseline characteristics, clinical course, and prognosis were evaluated. An optimal matching analysis was performed to measure the impact of RA on the risk of mortality.

Results
During the study period, 18 patients with RA [median age, 68 years; interquartile range (IQR) 59–73; female, 88.9%] developed NTM-PD. The median interval between RA diagnosis and subsequent NTM-PD development was 14.8 years (IQR, 8.6–19.5). At a median of 30 months (IQR, 27–105) after NTM-PD diagnosis, 10 of 18 (55.6%) patients received anti-mycobacterial treatment for NTM-PD and 5 (50.0%) patients achieved microbiological cure. When matched to patients with NTM-PD but without RA, patients with both RA and NTM-PD had a higher risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 8.14; 95% confidence interval, 2.43–27.2).

Conclusion
NTM-PD occurring after RA is associated with a higher risk of mortality than NTM-PD in the absence of RA.
Utilization of waste face masks to reinforce magnesite mine tailings for sustainable subgrade construction
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Vinodhkumar , Eswaran Aravind , Pandiyan Arulraj , Ramakrishnan Shreeramsundhar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe disposal of magnesite mine tailings (MMT), a by-product of magnesite mining, raises significant environmental concerns due to its adverse effects on soil, water and air quality. Likewise, the improper disposal of used face masks exacerbates environmental burdens. The innovative use of polypropylene fibres (PPF) derived from disposable face masks to reinforce. This study explores the compaction and strength characteristics of PPF-MMT composites with varying fibre content to develop a sustainable composite for subgrade construction. The findings indicate that the addition of PPF increases optimal moisture content and decreases maximum dry density. Shear strength analysis reveals a linear failure envelope for both MMT and PPF-MMT, with initial angle of internal friction improvement at lower PPF content (0.25% and 0.5%) but a decline at higher contents (0.75% and 1%). Importantly, PPF-MMT consistently exhibits a unique strain-hardening behaviour across all stress levels, distinguishing it from MMT, which only transitions to strain-hardening at higher stresses. Under vertical load, MMT shows contraction, while the PPF-MMT composite initially contracts but later dilates due to increased fibre-MMT interaction during horizontal displacement. Furthermore, California bearing ratio (CBR) tests demonstrate increased dry CBR with PPF, reaching a peak of 33.85% at 0.5% fibre content. The soaked CBR tests affirm the remarkable durability of PPF-MMT, maintaining significantly higher values than MMT even after 60 days of soaking. The study concludes that 0.5% fibre content as optimum dosage.
Efficacy and tolerability of FDA-approved atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of bipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shaoli , Xu Chenyue , Hu Shaohua , Lai Jianbo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We employed a Bayesian network meta-analysis for comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) for the treatment of bipolar patients with depressive episodes. Sixteen randomized controlled trials with 7234 patients treated by one of the five AAPs (cariprazine, lumateperone, lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine) were included. For the response rate (defined as an improvement of ≥50% from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]), all AAPs were more efficacious than placebo. For the remission rate (defined as the endpoint of MADRS ≤12 or ≤ 10), cariprazine, lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine had higher remission rates than placebo. In terms of tolerability, olanzapine was unexpectedly associated with lower odds of all-cause discontinuation in comparison with placebo, whereas quetiapine was associated with higher odds of discontinuation due to adverse events than placebo. Compared with placebo, lumateperone, olanzapine, and quetiapine showed higher odds of somnolence. Lumateperone had a lower rate of ≥ weight gain of 7% than placebo and other treatments. Olanzapine was associated with a significant increase from baseline in total cholesterol and triglycerides than placebo. These findings inform individualized prescriptions of AAPs for treating bipolar depression in clinical practice.
Electronic Documentation of Intraoperative Observation of Cystoscopic Procedures Using the cMDX Information System
Authors: Eminaga Okyaz , Lee Timothy Jiyong , La Vinh , Breil Bernhard , Xing Lei , Liao Joseph C. 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE Accurate documentation of lesions during transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is essential for precise diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up care. However, optimizing schematic documentation techniques for bladder lesions has received limited attention. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational study used a cMDX-based documentation system that facilitates graphical representation, a lesion-specific questionnaire, and heatmap analysis with a posterization effect. We designed a graphical scheme for bladder covering bladder landmarks to visualize anatomic features and to document the lesion location. The lesion-specific questionnaire was integrated for comprehensive lesion characterization. Finally, spatial analyses were applied to investigate the anatomic distribution patterns of bladder lesions. RESULTS A total of 97 TURBT cases conducted between 2021 and 2023 were included, identifying 176 lesions. The lesions were distributed in different bladder areas with varying frequencies. The distribution pattern, sorted by frequency, was observed in the following areas: posterior, trigone, lateral right and anterior, and lateral left and dome. Suspicious levels were assigned to the lesions, mostly categorized either as indeterminate or moderate. Lesion size analysis revealed that most lesions fell between 5 and 29 mm. CONCLUSION The study highlights the potential of schematic documentation techniques for informed decision making, quality assessment, primary research, and secondary data utilization of intraoperative data in the context of TURBT. Integrating cMDX and heatmap analysis provides valuable insights into lesion distribution and characteristics.