bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of swelling and crosslinking density with the composition of the reacting mixture employed in radical crosslinking copolymerization
Authors: Pacios Isabel E. , Molina M. Jesús , Gómez‐Antón M. Rosa , Piérola Inés F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis article reports the scaling laws relating the synthesis conditions with the crosslinking density (νe) and swelling degree (S) of poly(N‐vinylimidazole) hydrogels (PVI) prepared by radical crosslinking copolymerization in aqueous solution, with N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide (BA) as crosslinker. Multiple linear regression of νe versus BA concentration ([BA]) and total comonomers concentration (CT) in double log scale render the scaling law νe ∼ C × [BA]1.04 as comparable to that predicted by the model of polymer network with pendant vinyl groups (νe ∼ CT × [BA]), and showing inverse dependence on CT to that expected, following from stoichiometry, for an ideal network (νe ∼ 2[BA]/CT). S scales with νe through a solvent‐dependent exponent ranging from −0.46 to −0.54, only slightly over the value predicted by the Flory–Rehner theory (−0.6) or the blob's model by de Gennes (−0.5 to −0.8). Finally, the scaling law of S with the composition of the reacting mixture is also solvent‐dependent and it seems to result not only from the dependence of νe on CT and [BA] but also from that of v2r, the polymer volume fraction in the reference state, and χ, the polymer–solvent interaction parameter. Models used seem to overestimate the contribution of entanglements to the effective crosslinking density of PVI. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 263–269, 2007
Effects of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, on bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance–associated protein 2
Authors: Mano Yuji , Usui Takashi , Kamimura Hidetaka 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe bile salt export pump (BSEP/Bsep/ABCB11) and multidrug resistance‐associated protein 2 (MRP2/Mrp2/ABCC2) are involved in bile acid‐dependent and ‐independent bile secretion, respectively. It has been reported that bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, inhibits Bsep, which may lead to cholestatic liver injury due to the intracellular accumulation of bile salts, while increasing bile salt‐independent bile flow. Thus, in this study, the effects of bosentan on BSEP/Bsep and MRP2/Mrp2 were evaluated using membrane vesicles derived from Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) 9 cells, which express these transporters. The adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP)‐dependent uptake of 3H‐taurocholic acid into membrane vesicles for BSEP/Bsep was inhibited by bosentan, and its IC50 values were 76.8 and 101 µM for BSEP and Bsep, respectively. In contrast, bosentan stimulated the MRP2/Mrp2‐mediated ATP‐dependent vesicular transport of 3H‐estradiol 17β‐glucuronide by shifting the sigmoidal dependence of transport rate on substrate concentration to a more hyperbolic one. Collectively, these results suggest that bosentan inhibits BSEP in humans with a similar potency to rats, and that increased bile salt‐independent flow in rats by bosentan is at least partly attributable to the activation of Mrp2. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteolytic regulatory mechanisms in the formation of extracellular morphogen gradients
Authors: LeMosy Ellen K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGrowth factors are secreted into the extracellular space, where they encounter soluble inhibitors, extracellular matrix glycoproteins and proteoglycans, and proteolytic enzymes that can each modulate the spatial distribution, activity state, and receptor interactions of these signaling molecules. During development, morphogenetic gradients of these growth factors pattern fields of cells responsive to different levels of signaling, creating such structures as the branched pattern of airways and vasculature, and the arrangement of digits in the hand. This review focuses specifically on the roles of proteolytic enzymes and their regulators in the generation of such activity gradients. Evidence from Drosophila developmental pathways provides a detailed understanding of general mechanisms underlying proteolytic control of morphogen gradients, while recent studies of several mammalian growth factors illustrate the relevance of this proteolytic control to human development and disease. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 78:243–255, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic Patterning of the mammalian telencephalon by morphogenetic molecules and transcription factors
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi , Liu Fu‐Chin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPatterning centers that produce gradients of morphogenetic molecules, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), Wnt, Sonic hedgehog (Shh), and retinoic acid (RA), are located in telencephalic anlage during early stages of development. Genetic evidence based on loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function studies indicate that they are involved in regional specification of the dorsal, ventral, and lateral telencephalon. For patterning of the dorsal telencephalon, FGF8 controls the anteroposterior patterning, while BMP and Wnt molecules regulate the mediolateral patterning. Shh and retinoic acid regulate patterning of the ventral and the lateral telencephalon. The regionalization of telencephalon is accompanied by expression of region‐specific codes of transcription factors, which in turn regulate different phases of neuronal development to generate different cell types in each brain region. Therefore, bioactive signals of morphogenetic molecules are translated into transcription factor codes for regional specification, which subsequently leads to neurogenesis of the diversity of cell types in different regions of the telencephalon. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 78:256–266, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is the early left‐right axis like a plant, a kidney, or a neuron? The integration of physiological signals in embryonic asymmetry
Authors: Levin Michael 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEmbryonic morphogenesis occurs along three orthogonal axes. While the patterning of the anterior‐posterior and dorsal‐ventral axes has been increasingly well‐characterized, the left‐right (LR) axis has only relatively recently begun to be understood at the molecular level. The mechanisms that ensure invariant LR asymmetry of the heart, viscera, and brain involve fundamental aspects of cell biology, biophysics, and evolutionary biology, and are important not only for basic science but also for the biomedicine of a wide range of birth defects and human genetic syndromes. The LR axis links biomolecular chirality to embryonic development and ultimately to behavior and cognition, revealing feedback loops and conserved functional modules occurring as widely as plants and mammals. This review focuses on the unique and fascinating physiological aspects of LR patterning in a number of vertebrate and invertebrate species, discusses several profound mechanistic analogies between biological regulation in diverse systems (specifically proposing a nonciliary parallel between kidney cells and the LR axis based on subcellular regulation of ion transporter targeting), highlights the possible importance of early, highly‐conserved intracellular events that are magnified to embryo‐wide scales, and lays out the most important open questions about the function, evolutionary origin, and conservation of mechanisms underlying embryonic asymmetry. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 78:191–223, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extracellular modulation of BMP activity in patterning the dorsoventral axis
Authors: Little Shawn C. , Mullins Mary C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSignaling via bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulates a vast array of diverse biological processes in the developing embryo and in postembryonic life. Many insights into BMP signaling derive from studies of the BMP signaling gradients that pattern cell fates along the embryonic dorsal–ventral (DV) axis of both vertebrates and invertebrates. This review examines recent developments in the field of DV patterning by BMP signaling, focusing on extracellular modulation as a key mechanism in the formation of BMP signaling gradients in Drosophila, Xenopus, and zebrafish. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 78:224–242, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disulfide bond rearrangement during regioselective oxidation in PhS(O)Ph/CH3SiCl3 mixture for the synthesis of α‐conotoxin GI
Authors: Szabó Ildikó , Schlosser Gitta , Hudecz Ferenc , Mező Gábor 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRearrangement of disulfide bonds during the synthesis of α‐conotoxin GI using PhS(O)Ph/CH3SiCl3 oxidation procedure was observed. We have demonstrated that the protecting scheme (order of acetamidomethyl (Acm) and tBu protecting groups) of the Cys residues as well as the reaction time influenced the ratio of the native and the mispaired compounds, while the temperature of the reaction mixture had no significant effect. However, in all cases the nonnative derivative was produced in high amount. The structure of the isomers was identified by the combination of enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry measurements. We conclude that the air oxidation followed by the application of Tl(tfa)3 for the regioselective formation of disulfide bonds leads up to the appropriate compound in the case of the synthesis of α‐conotoxin GI, while the oxidation procedure using PhS(O)Ph/CH3SiCl3 system resulted in the nonnative disulfide isomer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 88:20–28, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com.
Insights into the Mechanism of BN Generation via Boron Triazide Precursor: Theoretical Study
Authors: Liu Fengyi , Meng Lingpeng , Sun Zheng , Zheng Shijun 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structural and Electronic Characterization of Eu2LiSi3, Eu2LiGe3 and EuxSr2‐xLiGe3 Mixed Crystals.
Authors: Xie Qingxing , Nesper Reinhard 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Facile Routes to Sodium Tetradecaphosphide Na4P14 and Molecular Structure of Na4(DME)7.5P14 and Na4(en)6P14 (DME = 1,2‐Dimethoxyethane; en = Ethylenediamine).
Authors: Miluykov Vasili , Kataev Alexander , Sinyashin Oleg , Loennecke Peter , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Series of Borate‐Rich Metalloborophosphates Na2 [MIIB3P2O11(OH)] ×0.67H2O (MII: Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn): Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Susceptibility.
Authors: Yang Tao , Li Guobao , Ju Jing , Liao Fuhui , Xiong Ming , Lin Jianhua 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[BeCl(12‐Crown‐4)][SbCl4]: A Novel Cationic Beryllium Complex.
Authors: Neumueller Bernhard , Dehnicke Kurt 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rare‐Earth Nickel Nitridoborates with (BN) Anions: Characterized LnNi(BN) and Anticipated LnM(BN) Compounds.
Authors: Neukirch Michael , Blaschkowski Bjoern , Haeberlen Marco , Meyer H.‐Juergen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Efficient and Regiospecific Biocatalytic Esterification of Some Organic Acids Using Beef Pancreas Lipase (Bpl).
Authors: Roy H. N. , Sarkar M. S. , Paul A. M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 58. Isomerization of the Baylis—Hillman Adducts Using Amberlyst‐15 as a Heterogeneous Reusable Catalyst: A Simple and Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of (E)‐Cinnamyl Alcohol Derivatives.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Banerjee Joydeep , Majhi Anjoy , Chowdhury Nikhil , Venkateswarlu Katta , Holla Harish 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel, Water‐Based Procedure for the Mono Iodination of Aromatic Amines and Phenols.
Authors: Sathiyapriya R. , Karunakaran R. Joel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Tin(IV) Chloride—Sodium Nitrite as a New Nitrosating Agent for N‐Nitrosation of Amines, Amides and Ureas under Mild and Heterogeneous Conditions.
Authors: Celaries Benoit , Parkanyi Cyril 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyanation of Alcohols with Diethyl Cyanophosphonate and 2,6‐Dimethyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone by a New Type of Oxidation—Reduction Condensation.
Authors: Masutani Kouta , Minowa Tomofumi , Hagiwara Yoshiaki , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
(Triisopropylsilyl)acetaldehyde Acetal as a Novel Protective Group for 1,2‐Diols.
Authors: Uenishi Jun'ichi , Tanaka Yusuke , Kawai Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mild Deprotection of tert‐Butyl Carbamates of NH‐Heteroarenes under Basic Conditions.
Authors: Chakrabarty Manas , Kundu Taraknath , Harigaya Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reduction of Cp2ZrCl2 with Mischmetall: A New Method for Generating an Efficient “Cp2Zr” Equivalent.
Authors: Denhez Clement , Medegan Sedami , Helion Florence , Namy Jean‐Louis , Vasse Jean‐Luc , Szymoniak Jan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α‐Pentafluoroethylated Amines: A New Synthetic Approach.
Authors: Koenigsmann Martin H. , Lork Enno , Odinets Irina L. , Nenajdenko Valentine G. , Shevchenko Nukolaj E. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Chiral β‐ and γ‐N‐Tosylaminoalcohols from 1‐Aryl‐2‐aminopropane‐1,3‐diols.
Authors: Feng Xichun , Qiu Guofu , Liang Shucai , Su Jiangtao , Teng Hanbing , Wu Lamei , Hu Xianming 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 80. Remarkably Chemoselective Reduction of Unmodified Baylis—Hillman Adducts by InCl3/NaBH4: Application to the Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenones Including Two Alarm Pheromones.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Banerjee Joydeep , Chowdhury Nikhil , Majhi Anjoy , Holla Harish 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Hydrocarboxylation of Terminal Alkenes in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Perfluorinated Surfactants.
Authors: Tortosa‐Estorach Clara , Ruiz Nuria , Masdeu‐Bulto Anna M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of 6,6‐Dialkyl‐5,7‐dioxo‐4,8‐dioxaspiro [2.5]octane‐1,1,2,2‐tetracarbonitriles with O‐Centered Nucleophiles.
Authors: Kayukova O. V. , Kayukov Ya. S. , Nikolaev A. N. , Ershov O. V. , Eremkin A. V. , Nasakin O. E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Multi‐Component Connection Reaction of Isoprene, Aldimines (Lactamines), and Diphenylzinc.
Authors: Kojima Keisuke , Kimura Masanari , Ueda Satoshi , Tamaru Yoshinao 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) Catalyzed Aza‐Michael Addition of Amines to α,β‐Unsaturated Electrophiles.
Authors: Duan Zheng , Xuan Xuejie , Li Ting , Yang Chenfei , Wu Yangjie 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Long Chain Phenols. Part 41a. The Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxymethyl Derivatives of Phenols.
Authors: Payne Peter , Tyman John H. P. , Mehet Satinder K. , Ninagawa Akira 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic, Asymmetric Strecker Reactions Catalyzed by Titanium(IV) and Vanadium(V) (salen) Complexes.
Authors: Blacker John , Clutterbuck Lisa A. , Crampton Michael R. , Grosjean Christophe , North Michael 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rapid Microwave‐Promoted Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Suzuki‐Type Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Yan Jie , Hu Weixiao , Zhou Wei 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Catalytic Enantioselective Borohydride Reduction of ortho‐Fluorinated Benzophenones.
Authors: Kokura Ai , Tanaka Saiko , Ikeno Taketo , Yamada Tohru 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Entry into β‐Lactams via Reaction of Dimethoxycarbene with Isocyanates.
Authors: Rigby James H. , Brouet Jean‐Christophe , Burke Patrick J. , Rohach Stephanie , Sidique Shyama , Heeg Mary Jane 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel and Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulations of 2‐Alkynylphenols to Form 2‐Substituted 3‐Halobenzo[b]furans.
Authors: Liang Yun , Tang Shi , Zhang Xu‐Dong , Mao Li‐Qiu , Xie Ye‐Xiang , Li Jin‐Heng 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Novel Spiropyrrolidines Through [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions with Baylis—Hillman Adducts as Dipolarophiles.
Authors: Jayashankaran Jayadevan , Manian Rathna Durga R. S. , Sivaguru Manickasamy , Raghunathan Raghavachary 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel Annulation Reactions of Aryl Methyl Ketenes with Zwitterions Derived from Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate and N‐Alkylimidazoles.
Authors: Ma Cheng , Ding Hanfeng , Wang Yanguang 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Preparation of Functionalized Imidazolium Salts under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Fu Shih‐Kang , Liu Shiuh‐Tzung 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Multicomponent Reaction Efficiently Producing Arylmethylene 2‐Thiohydantoins.
Authors: Porwal Sharad , Kumar Rishi , Maulik Prakas R. , Chauhan Prem M. S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of a Coumarin Compound from Phenanthrene by a TiO2‐Photocatalyzed Reaction.
Authors: Higashida Suguru , Harada Aiko , Kawakatsu Rikako , Fujiwara Noriko , Matsumura Michio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of Selective α1B Adrenoceptor Antagonists.
Authors: Hayashi Ryoji , Ohmori Eiji , Isogaya Masafumi , Moriwaki Mitsuhiro , Kumagai Hiroki 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
New Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinoline and Chromene Skeletons.
Authors: Deagostino Annamaria , Farina Vittorio , Prandi Cristina , Zavattaro Chiara , Venturello Paolo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.