bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organophosphate Pesticide Residues Impact on Water Quality and Changes in Macroinvertebrate Community in an Afrotropical Stream Flowing Through Farmlands
Authors: Ikayaja Eunice O. , Arimoro Francis .O 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

River Chanchaga has experienced significant agricultural practices around its catchment, which involved indiscriminate use of pesticides. However, residents of the study area are not well oriented concerning the negative impact of pesticides on water quality and macroinvertebrates. In this study, the first report on the influence of organophosphate pesticide contamination on the abundance of the macroinvertebrate community was provided. Sampling for determination of organophosphate pesticide residues was carried out during the peak of the two seasons, while macroinvertebrates and physicochemical variables were observed for six months. We examined 11 organophosphate pesticide residues using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry, 12 water quality variables, and 625 macroinvertebrate individuals. The concentration of recorded organophosphate pesticides residues ranged from 0.01–0.52 µg/L. From the Canonical Correspondence Analysis plot, Malathion, chlorine, and paraffin show a positive correlation with Unima sp., Hydrocanthus sp., Chironomus sp., and Potadoma sp. At station 3, depth shows a positive correlation with Biomphalaria sp. and Zyxomma sp., indicating poor water quality as most of these macroinvertebrates are indicators of water pollution. Diuron and carbofuran show a negative correlation with Lestes sp. and Pseudocloeon sp., and these are pollution-sensitive macroinvertebrates. The total mean concentration of organophosphate pesticide residues was above international drinking water standards set by the World Health Organization except for paraffin, chlorpyrifos, and diuron. In conclusion, the observations recorded from this research are useful in managing pesticide application around the river catchment.
RETRACTED: Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Novel 4-Oxo-Chromen-Dihydropyridine Derivatives by a One-Pot Fusion and Multicomponent Reaction under Environmentally Friendly Conditions
Authors: Potnuru Raju , Mamidi Gopi , Lagudu Devi , Bankuru Jyothi , Saripalli Tirumala Santhoshkumar , Mahammad Jameel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Genetic association of lipids and lipid-lowering drug target genes with sarcoidosis
Authors: Tan Wei , Liang Zicheng , Liu Yu , Tan Xiaoning , Tan Guangbo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Todetermine the potential causal association between serum lipid levels and sarcoidosis, and to investigate the potential impact of lipid-lowering agents on sarcoidosis.
Methods:
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) was used to investigate the association between lipid levels (including LDL-c, HDL-c, TG, and TC) and sarcoidosis risk. In addition, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between lipid-lowering drugs and sarcoidosis, utilizing Mendelian randomization of drug targets (DMR).
Results:
According to the TSMR analysis, a positive correlation was observed between the serum LDL-c concentration and sarcoidosis incidence (n = 153 SNPs, OR = 1.232, 95% CI = 0.990 - 1.732; p = 0.031). Similarly, serum TG concentration was found to be positively associated with sarcoidosis (n = 52 SNPs, OR = 1.287, 95% CI = 1.024 - 1.617; p = 0.03). The DMR results demonstrated a positive correlation between PCSK9-mediated serum LDL-c levels and sarcoidosis (n = 35 SNPs, OR = 1.681, 95% CI = 1.220 - 2.315; p = 0.001). Similarly, serum TG levels mediated by LPL were positively associated with sarcoidosis (n = 28 SNPs, OR = 1.569, 95% CI = 1.223 - 2.012; p = 3.93E-04).
Conclusions:
This study suggested that elevated serum TG and LDL-c levels may increase the risk of sarcoidosis. The use of PCSK9 inhibitors and LPL-type lipid-lowering drugs is expected to increase the risk of sarcoidosis.
Study on two different dithiobenzoates effectiveness in bulk RAFT polymerization of β-myrcene.
Authors: Uriel Chacon-Argaez , Cristian Carrera-Figueiras , Gumersindo Miron-Lopez , González-Díaz María Ortencia , Avila-Ortega Alejandro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of two chain transfer controllers, ethyl 2-(phenylcarbonothiolthio)-2-phenylacetate (EPPA) and 2-(4-methoxyphenylcarbonothiolthio) ethanoic acid (MPEA), from the dithioester family (dithiobenzoates), on the RAFT polymerization of β-myrcene. The initiators employed were azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) or dicumylperoxide (DCP), at 65°C and 90°C, respectively. The study analyzed the impact of the type of controller, temperature, and initiator/controller ratio on the living nature of β-myrcene polymerization. The results showed that with an increase in the initiator/controller ratio, the rate of polymerization increased, but the obtained molar masses decreased. The MPEA controller showed better performance in controlling the termination and chain transfer reactions, especially when AIBN was used as the initiator. A rise in polymerization temperature led to a loss in the control of polymerization, causing an increase in the degree of polydispersity due to the presence of transfer reactions. The most effective control in the RAFT polymerization of β-myrcene was achieved using MPEA as the controller and AIBN as the initiator, resulting in a poly(β-myrcene) with 87% 1,4-addition according to proton NMR analyses and a polydispersity of 1.27 by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Finally, the study synthesized a poly(β-myrcene)-bpoly(styrene) block copolymer with low polydispersity (Ð1.1) by sequentially adding styrene to the previously synthesized MPEApoly(β-myrcene)-based RAFT macrocontroller.
A new species of giant Hybopeltoceras (Ammonitina) from the Lower Tithonian of the Monte Lacerone (Sabine Apennines, Central Italy) (Carlo Sarti)
Authors: sarti carlo , Cascella Antonio , Conti Christian , Cresta Stefano , Agostinelli Giorgio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Upper Jurassic aspidoceratoid subgenus Hybonoticeras (Hybopeltoceras) Oloriz is very scarcely recorded, and distributed only in the Cordillera Betica (Spain), Southern Alps (Italy) and in the Central Apennines (Italy). From lower Hybonotum Zone rocks of the Upper Bugarone Formation, in Mount Lacerone (Rieti, Sabine Apennines, Italy) is described here the new species Hybonoticeras (Hybopeltoceras) olorizi, based on a giant macroconch holotype. The specimen is well preserved, that allow to add new data to the original Oloriz diagnosis of the genus and shows a unique morphology making the ammonite very easy to recognise. The new species shows a set of clearly recognisable phenotypical aspects strongly affected by the “Platform Effect” (sensu Oloriz). In the appendix I the study of calcareous nannoplankton confirm the biostratigraphic attribution. In the appendix II is proposed to integrate the "San Cataldo and Red Marble of Cottanello" Natural Monument with the Castiglione quarry, Castiglione Kimmeridgian and Tithonian ammonitiferous beds Geosites from which the described holotype.
The HANTS-fitted data in the vegetation growing season can improve RSEI accuracy in revealing the spatiotemporal patterns of ecological quality in Yuxi of China
Authors: Miao Wenna , Chen Yue , Kou Weili , Lai Hongyan , Sazal Ahmed , Wang Jie , Li Youliang , Hu Jiangjie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Yuxi, a region of active economic development in China's central Yunnan Plateau, is subject to the ecological pressures brought about by rapid urbanization. In order to provide a scientific rationale for making decisions about environmental management, a long-term and accurate methodology for appraising and evaluating the ecological condition is required. Firstly, this study used 30 m-resolution Landsat data to reconstruct four indices, including greenness, wetness, dryness, and heat, during the vegetation growth period in Yuxi from 2000 to 2020 by using the HANTS filtering method. Secondly, we computed the annual RSEI using reconstructed indices to assess ecological quality in Yuxi. Thirdly, through Sen + MK trend analysis, spatial auto-correlation analysis, and geographical detectors on year-by-year RSEI, the spatiotemporal pattern and determinants of Yuxi's ecological quality were revealed. The results showed that: (1) vegetation seasons obviously affect the accuracy of the RSEI, and the data of the vegetation growing season is suggested to construct the RSEI model; (2) HANTS can effectively optimize the ecological indices of constructing the RSEI model, making the missing data filling smoother and more continuous. The reconstructed RSEI and the original RSEI have an absolute difference ranging between − 0.15 and 0.15; (3) the comprehensive ecological quality of Yuxi is moderate according to the RSEI mean value (0.5413), and the ecological quality of mountainous areas is better than that of valleys and plains. Yuxi's ecological quality manifests a clear center-edge pattern. (4) Between 2000 and 2020, the ecological quality of Yuxi exhibited a fluctuation and slightly rising trend as a whole, and the alteration in land utilization patterns was the primary determinant of Yuxi’s ecological quality shift, especially forestry land and impervious surface. Based on Yuxi, a city on the Central Yunnan Plateau, this study can serve as a reference for scientific decision-making regarding sustainable development and ecological protection.
A Comprehensive Infodemiology Analysis on Google Users' Health Interests in Information Disorders
Authors: Cruvinel Thiago , Jorge Olívia Santana , Lotto Matheus , Nogueira Bruna , Jucá Ana Maria , Cruvinel Agnes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the health interests of Google users regarding information disorders. Using Google Trends, relative search volumes (RSVs) that disclosed topics such as 'disinformation,' 'fake news,' 'misinformation,' and 'conspiracy theory' were collected in all and health categories, from January 2004 to March 2023. The data were analyzed using 12-month ARIMA forecasting models, qualitative analysis of health-related queries, and comparisons of terminologies' frequencies to dichotomized categories of mean years of schooling, internet penetration, health relationship, and mean RSV. The information-seeking behavior regarding the terminologies of information disorders remained low over time, indicating an association with the education levels and internet penetration of countries. This was particularly evident for terms such as 'disinformation' and 'misinformation,' which are more commonly used in academic environments. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in Google users' interest in these phenomena, driven by concerns about the coronavirus and vaccines. These findings underscore the importance of implementing media education, particularly in schools as a long-term measure, to promote a better understanding of correct concepts among the population and encourage seeking knowledge from different sources. Additionally, international entities should monitor and regulate the emergence and spread of new popular terminologies related to information disorders.
Performance and health status in preweaning semi-indoor Holstein calves wearing calf jackets during winter months
Authors: Çam Mustafa , Arslan Emre , Kaya Zahit Kutalmış , İnal Şeref 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether jacket wearing by semi-indoor Holstein calves affected performance, body measurements and health status in the preweaning period throughout the winter months. A total of one hundred calves were allocated into two treatment groups (control and jacket) in terms of their weights and sex. The calves throughout the study period were raised at individual calf hutches in a semi-open barn. All calves and the consumed concentrate intakes were weighed every 28 days to determine body weight (BW), daily growth rate (ADG), total and daily feed consumption (TFC, DFC). Incidence rate (IR) ratios were calculated from the records of daily health assessments. Calves in treatment group were jacketed from first to 45 days of age. The weaning process started gradually at 56 days of age and the calves were weaned on day 63. No significant effects of wearing jackets in terms of body measurements and performance. The respiratory diseases IR was 1.15 times higher in calves without jackets, which means that calf health was positively affected by wearing jackets. The improved health status of the treatment group showed that wearing jackets may protect calves from adverse effects of cold stress. There is a need for more comprehensive studies about the effect of calf jackets in early periods of preweaning, especially in calves in outdoor hutches.
High Psychopathic Trait Individuals’ Decisions to Empathize are Influenced by Power Dynamics
Authors: Stewart Kirsten , Shane Matthew 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The lack of empathy associated with heightened psychopathic traits is commonly attributed to fundamental emotional and/or cognitive deficits. However, recent studies showing that psychopathic individuals are capable of normative empathy in certain contexts suggest their reduced empathy may instead reflect reduced motivation to empathize. To further evaluate these possibilities,158 university students completed self-report measures of psychopathic traits and motivations to empathize and performed an Empathic Choice Task which presented various social situations and asked them to freely choose to either empathize virtuously (for the target’s benefit), empathize non-virtuously (for their own benefit), or merely observe. Results indicated that psychopathic traits were unrelated to the overall frequency of empathic choices. However, post-hoc analyses indicated that the motivations underlying these choices varied as a function of situational power dynamics, and this was increasingly so for individuals higher in psychopathic traits. Specifically, psychopathic traits were positively correlated with virtuous empathy when targets were depicted in positions of power over the participant, but positively related to non-virtuous empathy when they were depicted in positions of power over the target. These results support motivational theories of psychopathy and highlight the strategic sensitivity of high psychopathic trait individuals to complex socio-contextual dynamics.
Eulerian Parameter Inference: A Probabilistic Change of Variables for Model-Based Inference with High-Variability Data Sets
Authors: Wagner Vincent , Castellaz Benjamin , Kaiser Lars , Höpfl Sebastian , Radde Nicole 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Advances in measurement technology have led to the generation of increasingly large data sets across various scientific fields. Data that capture the variability of the underlying system or process, such as single-cell or imaging data, are particularly interesting. However, calibrating computational models to explain this type of data remains challenging.
We interpret the model calibration as a Stochastic Inverse Problem (SIP), where the measurements are interpreted as probabilistic samples. Our new SIP solution approach, Eulerian Parameter Inference (EPI), only requires data with high variability and a deterministic simulation model that maps model parameters to simulation results. EPI solves the SIP through a change of variables. This computationally efficient approach allows for direct and point-wise evaluation of parameter densities without ever inverting the simulation model. The resulting parameter distribution captures data variability completely, enabling full data reconstruction. Further, estimating multivariate model parameters can bereduced to a series of one-dimensional problems under the assumption of stochasticallyindependent parameters. Particularly for complex simulation models andinvolved problems, this property is vital.
With EPI, we explain 1) annual average temperature data of 3,168 weather stations around the world with an arithmetic model, 2) German district-specific COVID-19 infection data through a differential equation model, and 3) artificial data generated via a partial differential equation model with independent parameters. With a robust mathematical foundation and an easily accessible Python package, we provide a versatile solution framework for integrating data with high variability into simulation models that promotes application to various research questions.
Male Engagement in Antenatal Care and Associated Factors among Married Men with Wives Who Recently Gave Birth in Debretabor Town, North West Ethiopia
Authors: Hailemeskel Solomon , Muhabaw Tirukelem , Lambebo Abera 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Globally, maternal mortality remains a critical issue, with male involvement during antenatal care (ANC) recognized as pivotal in reducing maternal deaths. Limited evidence on male involvement exists in low and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess male involvement during antenatal care and associated factors among married men whose wives gave birth within the last 6 months in Debretabor town, North West Ethiopia in 2023.
Objective:Evaluate the level of male involvement during antenatal care and identify associated factors in the specified study area.
Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study involved 404 married men, whose wives had given birth within the past 6 months in Debretabor town. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews, entered into EpiData version 4.6, and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Logistic regression analyses determined associations.
Results:Male involvement during antenatal care in the study area was 46.8% (CI: 41.6, 51.5). Factors influencing involvement included men's attitude (AOR=2.365), lack of male invitation to the examination room (AOR=0.370), couples' living status (AOR=4.461), men with secondary education (AOR=4.052), men with diploma and above (AOR=4.276), and complications during pregnancy (AOR=6.976).
Conclusion and Recommendation: The observed low level of male involvement underscores the need for targeted interventions. Stakeholders should promote male participation through counseling, community mobilization, and awareness campaigns.
Penalization of Galton Watson trees with marked vertices
Authors: Abraham Romain , Boulal Sonia , Debs Pierre 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We consider a Galton-Watson tree where each node is marked independently of each others with a probability depending on its out-degree. Using a penalization method, we exhibit new martingales where the number of marks up to level $n-1$ appears. Then, we use these martingales to define new probability measures via a Girsanov transformation and describe the distribution of the random trees under these new probabilities.
Reproductive inefficiency and increased behavioral variation are associated with large group size in the orchid bee, Euglossa dilemma
Authors: Saleh Nicholas , Delva Jaelle , Ramírez Santiago R. , Kapheim Karen M. , Chouvenc Thomas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Orchid bees are the only corbiculate bee lineage that is not obligately eusocial. However, multiple species of orchid bee show facultative sociality, with reproductive division of labor and a social hierarchy effectively enforced by oophagy. Orchid bee species differ in the degree of reproductive skew in social groups, as well as the rigidity of social roles. In the orchid bee Euglossa dilemma, previous observation of social groups of two or three individuals found that reproductive skew was complete, with one clear dominant individual that ate and replaced each subordinate laid egg. Here, we compare patterns of egg laying and egg-replacement between typical social nests of 2–3 individuals and larger social nests of 4–5 individuals. We find a striking difference in the reproductive behavior of colonies of varying group size; larger nests exhibit more reproductive inefficiency and conflict over the dominant social position, characterized by repeated oophagy and slower egg replacement. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that group size in E. dilemma may be limited by the ability of dominant bees to keep up with egg replacement. We discuss the possible causes and consequences of observed behavioral variation and its implications for understanding social behavior in orchid bees.
Factors Associated with Aggression: A Nationwide Population- based Survey
Authors: Jo Bokyung , Lim Yeonjung , Kim Eunseo , Cho Juhee , Kang Danbee 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent reports have brought to our attention a growing number of incidents involving impulsive aggression among individuals. These alarming statistics highlight the urgent need to investigate and address the factors contributing to aggression. Previous research has predominantly focused on aggression within specific age groups, such as children, adolescents, or college students, making it difficult to pinpoint the primary factors within each age group. The primary objective of this study is to bridge this gap by gaining a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing aggression across different age groups in physical, psychological, and social domains.
This study comprehensively investigated demographic, physical, psychological, and social factors associated with aggression in the general Korean population. A national cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022, and representative participants aged 18–85 years from all 17 South Korean provinces were recruited. Higher aggression was defined as the highest 10 percentiles of the aggression score measured using the Aggression Questionnaire. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) depression, anxiety, physical function, and pain interference were used to measure the psychological and physical traits of the participants. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify the factors associated with aggression.
In total, 2,699 participants completed the survey, with a mean aggression score of 52.20. In terms of demographic factors, younger age (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 12.61; 95% CI 1.18-4.02) was associated with increased aggression. Furthermore, aggression was associated with more severe limited physical function (aPR 2.06; 95% CI 1.35-2.78), pain interference (aPR 2.24; 95% CI 1.60-2.88), and a higher level of anxiety (aPR 2.24; 95% CI 1.57-2.89). Especially when compared to those with the lowest levels of depression, participants with moderate and severe depression had a higher risk of aggression (aPR 2.01; 95% CI 1.38-2.63).
In conclusion, young age, severe decline in physical function, pain interference, depression, and anxiety were identified as risk factors for aggression.