bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic departure pushback control at airports: Part A—Linear penalty‐based algorithms and policies
Authors: Desai Jitamitra , Lian Guan , Srivathsan Sandeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAirport surface congestion can lead to significantly long taxi‐out times, thus resulting in increased fuel‐burn costs as well as excessive emissions of greenhouse gases. To curtail this undesirable syndrome, in this article, we propose a new penalty‐based dynamic departure pushback control (PDPC) strategy, which employs a linear penalty function dependent not only on the taxiway queue limit but also on the current queue length to ration the pushback frequency at airports, and trades taxiway queueing times with gate‐hold delays to minimize the total operational cost (fuel‐burn and gate‐hold costs). Using data from Beijing Capital International (PEK) airport, four different departure pushback control policies, namely: (i) no‐control (baseline case); (ii) traditional ‐control; (iii) PDPC with a constant taxiway limit; and (iv) PDPC with varying taxiway limits; are compared. Detailed Monte Carlo simulations, which showcase the sensitivity of the total cost function to various problem parameters are presented, and our results indicate that deploying the PDPC policy results in a 42% reduction in total operational costs and a 68% reduction in fuel‐burn (kg) as compared to the baseline case. To analytically reinforce these simulation results, an iterative Markov chain‐based optimization algorithm is also developed to estimate the optimal values of the pushback rate and taxiway queue limit that minimize the total cost function. Such an analytical framework is very useful in the absence of reliable airport data as it only requires estimates of the historical pushback request rates and service times at the taxiway, while yet retaining the capability to closely mirror the simulation results. Our Monte Carlo simulations as well as the Markov chain optimization model validate the strength and impact of the proposed PDPC policy, and demonstrate its practical efficacy in reducing airport surface congestion when applied using data from PEK airport.
A sense of coherence (SOC) among the fathers of children with chronic illnesses
Authors: Haraguchi Masahiro , Takeuchi Tomoko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimThis study focuses on the fathers of children with chronic illnesses in an effort to clarify how the stressor and the father’s sense of coherence (SOC) influence their mental health and how the father’s SOC is associated with the social support.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsWe conducted a self‐reported questionnaire survey of 137 respondents (51 fathers of children with chronic illnesses, 86 fathers of healthy children) were statistically using ANOVA.ResultsThe fathers’ stressor was significantly related to their SOC. Furthermore, the SOC of the fathers majorly influenced their mental health, while having a buffering effect on the stressor with respect to depression. And their SOC was significantly positively associated with the social support. Our findings underscore that father's SOC has a buffering effect on self‐mental health and is important for maintaining mental health and enhancing SOC to reduce the stressors of these fathers with respect to depression.
Interindividual differences of dietary fat‐inducible Mest in white adipose tissue of C57BL/6J mice are not heritable
Authors: Anunciado‐Koza Rea Victoria P. , Yin Haifeng , Bilodeau Crystal L. , Cooke Diana , Ables Gene P. , Ryzhov Sergey , Koza Robert A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveDifferences in white adipose tissue (WAT) expression of mesoderm‐specific transcript (Mest) in C57BL6/J mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) are concomitant with and predictive for the development of obesity. However, the basis for differences in WAT Mest among mice is unknown. This study investigated whether HFD‐inducible WAT Mest, as well as susceptibility to obesity, is transmissible from parents to offspring.MethodsWAT biopsies of mice fed an HFD for 2 weeks identified parents with low and high WAT Mest for breeding. Obesity phenotypes, WAT Mest, hepatic gene expression, and serum metabolites were determined in offspring fed an HFD for 2 weeks.ResultsOffspring showed no heritability of obesity or WAT Mest phenotypes from parents but did show hepatic and serum metabolite changes consistent with their WAT Mest. Importantly, retired male breeders showed WAT Mest expression congruent with initial WAT biopsies even though HFD exposure occurred early in life.ConclusionsDisparity of HFD‐induced Mest in mice is not heritable but, rather, is reestablished during each generation and remains fixed from an early age to adulthood. Short‐term HFD feeding reveals variation of WAT Mest expression within isogenic mice that is positively associated with the development of obesity.
The impact of mindfulness training on the attention to facial expressions among undergraduates
Authors: Bi Taiyong , Qiye Li , Li Xue , He Yuxia , Xie Qinhong , Kou Hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe improvements in attention by mindfulness training have been proved. However, the effects of mindfulness training on attention to emotional stimuli were mixed. We employed a randomized, controlled design to investigate the effects of mindfulness training on attention to emotional expressions, and investigated whether baseline levels of dispositional mindfulness and emotional intelligence would moderate the intervention effects. Forty participants received 8‐week mindfulness training, and another forty participants attended two lectures about mindfulness. All participants completed the visual search task, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale at both pre‐training and post‐training. The results showed that the improvements in search efficiencies were larger in the mindfulness group than those in the control group for sad and angry faces, but not for happy faces. In addition, baseline emotional intelligence but not dispositional mindfulness played a significant moderating role in the relationship between mindfulness training and emotional attention to sadness and anger. The search efficiencies of negative emotions (i.e., anger and sadness) but not positive emotions (i.e., happiness) were significantly improved by mindfulness training. Individuals with a high level of baseline emotional intelligence showed significant improvement in search efficiencies relative to those with a low level of emotional intelligence.
Room Temperature Quantum Control of N‐Donor Electrons at Si/SiO2Interface
Authors: Chakraborty Soumya , Samanta Arup 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe manuscript theoretically discusses various important aspects for donor atom based single qubit operations in silicon (Si) quantum computer architecture at room temperature using a single nitrogen (N) deep‐donor close to the Si/SiO2interface. Quantitative investigation of room temperature single electron shuttling between a single N‐donor atom and the interface is the focus of attention under the influence of externally applied electric and magnetic field. To apprehend the realistic experimental configurations, central cell correction along with effective mass approach is adopted throughout the study. Furthermore, a detailed discussion currently explores the significant time scales implicated in the process and their suitability for experimental purposes. Theoretical estimates are also provided for all the external fields required to successfully achieve coherent single electron shuttling and their stable maintenance at the interface as required. The results presented in this work offer practical guidance for quantum electron control using N‐donor atoms in Si at room temperature.
SQUWALS: A Szegedy QUantum WALks Simulator
Authors: Ortega Sergio A. , Martin‐Delgado Miguel A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSzegedy's quantum walk is an algorithm for quantizing a general Markov chain. It has plenty of applications, such as many variants of optimizations. In order to check its properties in an error‐free environment, it is important to have a classical simulator. However, the current simulation algorithms require a great deal of memory due to the particular formulation of this quantum walk. In this paper, a memory‐saving algorithm is proposed that scales as with the size of the graph. Additional procedures are provided for simulating Szegedy's quantum walk over mixed states and also the Semiclassical Szegedy walk. With these techniques, a classical simulator in Python called SQUWALS (Szegedy QUantum WALks Simulator) has been built. It is shown that the simulator scales as in both time and memory resources. This package provides some high‐level applications for algorithms based on Szegedy's quantum walk, as for example the quantum PageRank.
Mind the gap, exploring the expectation gap in political leadership in disasters: An Australian case study
Authors: Ewart Jacqui , Cook Margaret 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article uses expectation gap theory to explore news coverage of the leadership performance of a national political leader in a major bushfire disaster in Australia. It does so to identify the types of behaviors and leadership that leader enacted and embodied during these events and what fire‐affected communities expected that politician to do in that disaster. Using a case study approach to the Black Summer bushfires that occurred in Australia in late 2019 and early 2020, it highlights the way Australia's Prime Minister Scott Morrison engaged with affected individuals and communities during and after that disaster. We draw on news media coverage as the disaster unfolded and in the months that followed to analyze his leadership and what others expected of him in those events. We find that in this disaster there was a significant gap between the Australian Prime Minister's leadership and community expectations of that leadership. Our article highlights how the expectation gap played out in news coverage of the fires and why the expectation gap matters.
Continuous Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary Amines with High Selectivity in Flow by Using Raney Cobalt
Authors: Yu Hongbo , Ming Weixing , Zhang Qi , Wei Wei , Ji Lu , An Tingwang , Sun Wenxuan , Li Shulong , Yan Dongmao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimary amines produced by selective catalytic hydrogenation of cyano compounds are widely used as basic chemicals, but due to the complexity of the hydrogenation mechanism and the inefficient mass transfer of the intermittent reaction, the process tends to produce secondary and tertiary amines as undesirable by‐products. In this research, a continuous hydrogenation system employing a micropacked‐bed reactor (μPBR) was established for the catalytic hydrogenation of 3‐ethylaminopropionitrile (3‐EAPN) to synthesize N‐ethyl‐1,3‐propanediamine (3‐EAPA). Under optimal experimental conditions using Raney cobalt as a catalyst, complete conversion of 3‐EAPN was achieved, and a high selectivity of 99.6 % for the primary amine (3‐EAPA) was obtained. On this basis, the system was extended with other cyano compounds of different structures as hydrogenation substrates, demonstrating the general applicability of this continuous hydrogenation system by using Raney cobalt as a catalyst in a μPBR for the hydrogenation of various nitriles.
Thermal Behavior of the “α‐Diimine‐NiII‐Catecholate” Chromophores
Authors: Pashanova Kira I. , Lazarev Nikolay M. , Zolotukhin Alexey A. , Kovylina Tatyana A. , Petrov Boris I. , Piskunov Alexandr V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStudy of the thermal behavior were performed for the first time for a series of ligand‐to‐ligand charge transfer complexes of “α‐diimine‐NiII‐catecholate” type: NiII(3,6‐Cat)(bipy) (1), NiII(3,6‐Cat)(bipytBu) (2) and NiII(3,6‐Cat)(DADdipp) (3), where 3,6‐Cat is 3,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐catecholate, bipy and bipytBu are 2,2′‐bipyridine and its 4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐substituted analog, DADdipp is 1,4‐bis(2,6‐di‐iso‐propylphenyl)‐1,4‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene. The phase transition behavior, vapor phase composition, volatility, and thermodynamics of the sublimation process (enthalpy and entropy calculations) of chromophores 1–3 were examined using DSC, TGA, EI‐MS, and the Knudsen effusion method with weight registration of the sublimated substance. The Hirshfeld surface analysis was implemented to establish a relationship between the characteristics of the crystal packing, and the thermal properties. The compounds 1–3 are distinguished by the high thermal stability and good volatility, as well as the completeness of the transition to the gas phase under low pressure conditions. An increase in ligand's bulkiness leads to a “rarefaction” of the crystal packing of the chromophore, and a corresponding rise of volatility in the order 1≤2<3.
Nucleoside‐Based Drug Target with General Antimicrobial Screening and Specific Computational Studies against SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease
Authors: Kawsar Sarkar M. A. , Hossain Md. Ahad , Saha Supriyo , Abdallah Emad M. , Bhat Ajmal R. , Ahmed Sumeer , Jamalis Joazaizulfazli , Ozeki Yasuhiro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review article aims to significantly advance the scientific community's efforts to develop effective nucleoside‐based drugs for treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and other emerging infectious diseases. This study concentrates on the main viral protease (Mpro) and explores nucleoside‐based compounds as potential therapeutic agents. This investigation investigated the impact of acylation‐induced modifications on the nucleoside hydroxyl group and subsequent properties. Nucleoside analogs, which are recognized for their diverse biochemical properties, were synthesized and rigorously screened to evaluate their antimicrobial efficacy. In the domain of pharmaceutical research, computational pharmacokinetics has emerged as a critical tool, especially in the pursuit of nucleoside analogs as potential therapeutics. In silico methods aid in predicting pharmacokinetic traits, interactions with crucial enzymes, and the stability of these analogs in biological environments, thereby streamlining drug design and reducing experimental costs. Concurrently, computational studies revealed the intricate interactions between the analogs and the active site of the main protease. The amalgamation of experimental screening and computational insights underscores the emergence of potent nucleoside candidates with inhibitory activity against SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro. Additionally, this review integrates computational studies that provide valuable insights into the interactions between nucleoside analogs and the main protease of SARS‐CoV‐2.
The Power of Lichens: New Eco‐Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors from Nature
Authors: Mendili Mohamed , Lahbib Hana , Saoudi Mohamed Marouane , Khadhri Ayda , Aschi‐Smiti Samira , Ben Amor Yasser 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research explores an environmentally friendly alternative: lichens, which produce natural compounds with antioxidant effects. This study focuses on the inhibition of corrosion by lichens, which has not been previously explored for this purpose. The anti‐corrosion potential of methanol extracts of Parmotrema hypoleucinum, Roccella phycopsis, and Xanthoria parietina was examined. The electrochemical impedance and weight loss methods were used to examine the corrosion inhibition process of mild steel XC48 in 1 M HCl by three lichen extracts.
Boosting Spatial Charge Storage in Ion‐Compatible Pores of Carbon Superstructures for Advanced Zinc‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Liu Pingxuan , Song Ziyang , Miao Ling , Lv Yaokang , Gan Lihua , Liu Mingxian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCapacitive carbon cathodes deliver great potential for zinc‐ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs) due to their resource abundance and structural versatility. However, the dimension mismatch between the micropores of carbons and hydrated Zn2+ ions often results in unsatisfactory charge storage capability. Here well‐arranged heterodiatomic carbon superstructures are reported with compatible pore dimensions for activating Zn2+ ions, initiated by the supramolecular self‐assembly of 1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6‐triamine and cyanuric acid via in‐plane hydrogen‐bonds and out‐of‐plane π–π interactions. Flower‐shaped carbon superstructures expose more surface‐active motifs, continuous charge‐transport routes, and more importantly, well‐developed pores. The primary subnanopores of 0.82 nm are size‐exclusively accessible for solvated Zn2+ ions (0.86 nm) to maximize spatial charge storage, while rich mesopores (1–3 nm) allow for high‐kinetics ion migration with a low activation energy. Such favorable superstructure cathodes contribute to all‐round performance improvement for ZHCs, including high energy density (158 Wh kg−1), fast‐charging ability (50 A g−1), and excellent cyclic lifespan (100 000 cycles). An anion−cation hybrid charge storage mechanism is elucidated for superstructure cathode, which entails alternate physical uptake of Zn2+/CF3SO3− at electroactive pores and bipedal chemical binding of Zn2+ to electronegative carbonyl/pyridine motifs. This work expands the design landscape of carbon superstructures for advanced energy storage.
A Novel Induction‐Type Pressure Sensor based on Magneto‐Stress Impedance and Magnetoelastic Coupling Effect for Monitoring Hand Rehabilitation
Authors: Zhu Zihao , Estevez Diana , Feng Tangfeng , Chen Yanlin , Li Yunlong , Wei Huijie , Wang Yuchen , Wang Yunfei , Zhao Lizhong , Jawed Syed Arsalan , Qin Faxiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVisualization of training effectiveness is critical to patients’ confidence and eventual rehabilitation. Here, an innovative magnetoinductive pressure sensor is proposed for monitoring hand rehabilitation in stroke hemiplegic patients. It couples the giant magneto and stress‐impedance effects of a square spiral amorphous wire with the giant magnetoelastic effect of a polymer magnet (NdFeB@PDMS). The addition of the magnetoelastic layer results in a sensitivity improvement of 178%, a wide sensing range (up to 1 MPa), fast response/recovery times (40 ms), and excellent mechanical robustness (over 15 000 cycles). Further integration with an LC oscillation circuit enables frequency adjustment into the MHz range resulting in a sensitivity of 6.6% kPa−1 and outstanding linearity (R2 =  0.99717) over a stress range of up to 100 kPa. When attached to a commercial split‐fingerboard, the sensor is capable of dynamically monitoring the force in each finger, providing a reading of the rehabilitation process. Unlike conventional inductive sensors, the sensor is based on an inductive force‐responsive material (amorphous wire), which significantly boosts the sensitivity. The approach also demonstrates the potential of magnetoelasticity in static pressure sensing, which is highly sensitive to dynamic pressure only through electromagnetic induction. This makes it more suitable for long‐term and continuous human health monitoring.
Inhibiting Photo‐Oxidation and Enhancing Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Water Oxidation over Covalent Organic Frameworks Through the Coordination of Cobalt with Bipyridine
Authors: Li Xinyu , Yang Qing , Yuan Yiqi , Shama Yongguo , Yan Hongjian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is a promising approach for harnessing solar energy. However, challenges such as slow kinetic dynamics in the photocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and COFs' self‐oxidation hinder its progress. In this study, an enamine‐based COF coordinated is introduced with cobalt dichloride, CoCl2 (CoCl2‐TpBPy). The coordination of cobalt ions with bipyridines in CoCl2‐TpBPy enhances charge‐carrier separation and migration, leading to effective photocatalytic OER. Under visible light irradiation, CoCl2‐TpBPy achieves a notable OER rate of up to 1 mmol·g−1·h−1, surpassing the reported organic semiconductor analogs. Additionally, CoCl2‐TpBPy shows minimal nitrogen evolution compared to TpBPy and ethanol‐treated TpBPy (E‐TpBPy), indicating cobalt plays a pivotal role in improving charge utilization and minimizing photo‐oxidation. In situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses revealed that Co(IV) species are key to the high OER efficiency. This work highlights Co(IV) species in the efficient OER and inhibiting photo‐oxidation of CoCl2‐TpBPy.
Phase‐Change Material‐Integrated Hybrid Gels for Solar Steam Generation Under Solar Fluctuations
Authors: Lei Shijun , Li Zhaoxin , Xu Hongsheng , Liu Jiajia , Cai Wei , Song Lei , Hu Yuan 
Published: April 2024

Solar‐driven steam generation by heat localization has proven to be one of the most promising technologies for broad water‐related applications to relieve global water shortage and pollution due to the excellent interfacial water evaporation ability demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically. However, solar power changes fast in practical, such fluctuations on solar energywould invalidate conventional solar evaporator, leave a challenge on sustaining an efficient thermal evaporation. Herein, a mitigating‐solar‐fluctuation hybrid gel material (MHG) with chemical integrating of phase‐change material to achieve efficient steam generation under solar fluctuations is reported. By storing solar energy when it is surplus and providing thermal energy to sustain evaporation when it is insufficient, the MHGs solar evaporator under solar fluctuations achieves optimized water evaporation rate of 1.7 ± 0.02 kg m−2 h−1 for the high period of 0.8 sun and 1.3 ± 0.06 kg m−2 h−1 for the low period of 0.5 sun. The MHGs also exhibit outstanding solar desalination performance with good stability and demonstrate an effective brine desalination during round‐the‐clock desalination process with an average high evaporation rate of 1.24 kg m−2 h−1 d−1. This new material design provides a feasible strategy for solar evaporator to mitigate damage from solar fluctuations.
Sustainable development of electroencephalography materials and technology
Authors: Xiong Ling , Li Nannan , Luo Yi , Chen Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the most important bioelectrical signals related to brain activity and plays a crucial role in clinical medicine. Driven by continuously expanding applications, the development of EEG materials and technology has attracted considerable attention. However, systematic analysis of the sustainable development of EEG materials and technology is still lacking. This review discusses the sustainable development of EEG materials and technology. First, the developing course of EEG is introduced to reveal its significance, particularly in clinical medicine. Then, the sustainability of the EEG materials and technology is discussed from two main aspects: integrated systems and EEG electrodes. For integrated systems, sustainability has been focused on the developing trend toward mobile EEG systems and big‐data monitoring/analyzing of EEG signals. Sustainability is related to miniaturized, wireless, portable, and wearable systems that are integrated with big‐data modeling techniques. For EEG electrodes and materials, sustainability has been comprehensively analyzed from three perspectives: performance of different material/structural categories, sustainable materials for EEG electrodes, and sustainable manufacturing technologies. In addition, sustainable applications of EEG have been presented. Finally, the sustainable development of EEG materials and technology in recent decades is summarized, revealing future possible research directions as well as urgent challenges.