bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvolysis in Carboxamides. II. Solvolytic Elimination of 7β-Methylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-3β-yl Tosylate in Carboxamides
Authors: Saito Seiki , Yabuki Tatsumi , Moriwake Toshio , Okamoto Kunio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Solvolysis of 7β-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-3β-yl tosylate (1) was carried out in a series of carboxamides, N-methylformamide (NMF), N-methylacetamide (NMA), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and N,N-dimethyl-acetamide (DMA), as solvents. The rate (k1 first-order rate constant) of 1 decreases in the order NMF&gt;NMA&gt;DMF&gt;DMA, a linear free-energy relationship being found between the rates of 1 and those of 1-adamantyl tosylate in acetic acid and 80% ethanol as well as the carboxamides. The products consist of olefin (≥96%) (exo-7-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-ene (4) and 3-methylbicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-ene (5)) and small amounts of esters (acetates or formates, ≤4%). The content of rearranged olefin 5 is considerably less than that of acetolysis (55%) and ethanolysis (55%), decreasing in the order NMF (34%)&gt;NMA(22%)&gt;DMF(13%)&gt;DMA(9%). A linear reactivity-selectivity relationship holds between log k1 and log (%5/%4) for the four carboxamide solvents. The observed kinetic isotope effect (kH/kD=1.01±0.03) for 7α-deuterium-tagged derivative (1-7α-d) in NMF indicates that the σ(C(7)–H)-assisted ionization process for the solvolysis of 1 in the amides is absent. The results are in line with the stepwise mechanism which involves the formation of an intimate ion-pair intermediate followed by competitive processes such as 1,5-hydride shift, syn-El reaction, and nucleophilic substitution by the amide molecules. Substitution by the amide molecule leads to the formation of a cationic imidate, the hydrolysis of which affords the carboxylic esters. It is proposed that the syn-El process via an intimate ion-pair intermediate is affected by the tosylate anion reactivity in each amide solvent and suppressed by the hydrogen bonding of the each amide with the tosylate anion.
Chemistry of Nitrosoimines. XVI. A New Method for Facile Preparation of Azamonomethinecyanines via Nitrosoimines
Authors: Akiba Kin-ya , Ishikawa Kiyofumi , Inamoto Naoki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of 3-substituted 2-nitrosoimino-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazoles (1) with Grignard-type reagents of 3-substituted 2-imino-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazoles (2) gave azamonomethinecyanines (3) in high yields (71–96%). This is a new type of reaction for the preparation of 3. Hydrolysis of 3 afforded ring-opened disulfides, bis[o-{N-methyl-N-(3-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazol-2-ylidenecarbamoyl)amino}-phenyl] disulfides, in high yields (78–85%). Formation of by-products is explained by the presence of transnitrosation between 1 and 2 and ring-opening equilibrium of Grignard-type reagent of 2-imino-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazole.
Ion-Molecule Reactions in the Binary Mixture of Ethylene Oxide and Trioxane. II. Mechanism for Reaction of Ethylene Oxide Molecular Ion with Trioxane
Authors: Kumakura Minoru , Arakawa Kazuo , Sugiura Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ion-molecule reactions in the binary mixture of ethylene oxide and trioxane have been studied with use of a modified time-of-flight mass spectrometer. As cross-reaction product ions, C3H5O2+, C3H6O2+, and C3H7O2+ were observed under the conditions of long delay times and elevated pressure. It was found that these ions are formed by the dissociation of unstable intermediate-complex resulting from the reaction of ethylene oxide molecular ion with trioxane. It was proposed that the complex is of cyclic structure in which positive charge is delocalized. From the consideration of isotopic distribution of the prodoct ions in ethylene-d4 oxide–trioxane mixtures, the skeletal structures of the product ions were investigated. The rate constants of the formation reactions of C3H5O2+, C3H6O2+, and C3H7O2+ in ethylene oxide–trioxane mixtures were found to be 2.20×10−10, 2.61×10−10, and 1.74×10−10 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 respectively.
Formation of 1,3-Di(2-fluorenyl)-1-butene from 2-(1-Bromoethyl)fluorene with Silver Powder
Authors: Minabe Masahiro , Suzuki Makoto , Ooya Takao , Suzuki Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An unexpected compound, 1,3-di(2-fluorenyl)-1-butene, was formed as the major product, accompanied by meso- and dl-2,3-di(2-fluorenyl) butane as the minor products, in the reaction of 2-(1-bromoethyl)fluorene with silver powder. The structure of the butene was confirmed to be the E form by a comparison of the UV spectra of the related compounds.
α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. XIII. The Synthesis and Configuration of Alkyl 2-Acylamino-2-alkenoates and Their Cyclized 2,5-Piperazinedione Derivatives
Authors: Shin Chung-gi , Hayakawa Masato , Suzuki Takamichi , Ohtsuka Akira , Yoshimura Juji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It is described that alkyl (E)- and (Z)-2-halo (Cl, Br, and I)-acetylamino-2-alkenoate (DHA), obtained by the condensation of alkyl 2-oxoalkanoate with chloro- or bromoacetamide and by halogen exchange from the chlorine of DHA to iodine, are cyclized with ammonia or hydroxylamine to give the (E)- and (Z)-isomers of unsymmetric 3-alkylidene-2,5-piperazinediones and their 1-hydroxy derivatives respectively. Alkyl (E)- and (Z)-2-iodoacetylamino-2-alkenoates were converted into the corresponding acetylamino- and phthalimidoacetylamino derivatives. The configurations of all the DHA and 2,5-piperazinedione derivatives were determined from the NMR spectra data.
Electrophilic Sulfides(II) as a Novel Catalyst. VI. Reaction of Sulfonium Ylides with Arenesulfenyl Thiocyanates
Authors: Matsuyama Haruo , Minato Hiroshi , Kobayashi Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Arenesulfenyl thiocyanates (Ar–S–SCN) reacted with sulfonium ylides (MeR\overset⊕S–\overset\ominusC(COOMe)2) in chloroform at room temperature, forming sulfonium ion, MeRS⊕–C(SAr)(COOMe)2 SCN\ominus, which further reacted. The mechanism of this reaction was discussed.
NvT- and NpT-ensemble Monte Carlo Simulations of Ionized Matter. I. NvT-ensemble Study on Calcium Oxide Near Normal Melting Point
Authors: Yamamoto Akio , Murata Hiromu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
With special attention to calcium oxide, values obtained by NvT-ensemble Monte Carlo calculations are reported for the internal energy, pressure, heat capacity, thermal pressure coefficient, Grüneisen’s γ, and component radial distribution functions of ionized matter in the condensed phases. The calculations cover 14 vT points: seven points lying on one isochore at the X-ray density and eight on one isotherm at the normal melting point. Both thermodynamic quantities and structural properties in the vicinity of the melting point are indicative of the fluidsolid phase change. A brief comparison of the Monte Carlo results with the experimental data is also made.
Reclamation of Vulcanized Rubbers by Chemical Degradation. IX. Oxidative Degradation of cis-1,4-Polyisoprene by Phenylhydrazine-Iron(II) Chloride System
Authors: Kawabata Nariyoshi , Yamashita Shinzo , Furukawa Yoshinori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Degradation of cis-1,4-polyisoprene by phenylhydrazine-iron(II) chloride system was investigated in benzene solution at 30 °C in the air. Separate use of the two chemicals was much less effective for degradation. The number of chain scission was found to depend upon only the amount of phenylhydrazine, independent of that of iron(II) chloride, indicating that phenylhydrazine plays the leading part of the phenylhydrazine-iron(II) chloride system in the degradation. When iron(III) chloride was used instead of iron(II) chloride, the degradation became slower, but the number of chain scission was not significantly affected.
Potassium–Sodium Ion Exchange Isotherm of Crystalline Zirconium Arsenate
Authors: Sugisawa Junko , Yonezawa Takao , Takaguchi Kazunori , Tomita Isao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When the forward and reverse Na+–K+exchange isotherm was investigated for the α-zirconium arsenate ion exchanger, a large hysteresis loop was observed. The interlayer distance of the exchanger decreased with an increase in the ionic fraction of Na+ in the exchanger. The result may be interpreted in terms of the formation of different types of solid solutions during the processes in both directions.
The Preparation and the Structure of Cobalt(III) Complexes Containing a cis-2-Butene-1,4-diamine Chelate Ring
Authors: Soma Yoshikuni , Mizukami Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
New cobalt(III) complexes containing a seven-membered chelate ring, [Co(en)2(dcb)]3+, [Co(acac)2(dcb)]+ and [Co(dcbta)]−,were synthesized and resolved into optical isomers, and their structures were determined; dcb=cis-2-butene-1,4-diamine, dcbta=cis-2-butene-1,4-diamine-N,N.N′,N′-tetraacetate ion.
Binuclear Metal Complexes. XXI. Copper(I)–Copper(II) Mixed-Valence Complexes with Quadridentate Schiff Bases
Authors: Okawa Hisashi , Kasempimolporn Visit , Kida Sigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Copper(I)–copper(II) mixed-valence complexes of the quadridentate Schiff bases were obtained and characterized. ESR and visible spectra showed no evidence for the delocalization of an unpaired electron between copper(I) and copper(II) ions.
Isolation and Photolysis of 2,3-Bis(diphenylmethylene)-5,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octa-5,7-dien-1-ones
Authors: Ueda Kozaburo , Toda Fumio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Pyrazole given in the title was prepared by the reaction of 2-diazo-3,4-bis(diphenylmethylene)cyclobutanone with acetylenes. Photolysis of the pyrazole afforded 1,2-dihydro-3H-benzo[a]cyclobuta[c]cycloheptan-1-one.
Microwave Spectrum, Structure, and Quadrupole Coupling Constant of o-Chlorophenol
Authors: Onda Masao , Oshima Yoshitomo , Yamaguchi Ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The microwave spectrum of o-chlorophenol has been observed in the frequency range 10–34 GHz. The rotational and centrifugal distortion constants were obtained for two isotopic species, 35ClC6H4OH and 37ClC6H4OH. The analysis of the hyperfine structure gives the following nuclear quadrupole coupling constants for 35Cl species: χaa=−67.6, χbb=33.3, and χcc=34.3 (MHz). The spectrum assigned has been attributed to the cis-form (intramolecularly hydrogen bonded between Cl and HO) from a brief consideration of the relative intensity of the a-and b- type transitions. No significant effect of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the nuclear quadrupole coupling was observed.
Lactones of Hydrogenated 5,8-Dihydroxy-4-methylnaphthalene-1-carboxylic Acids
Authors: Irikawa Hajime , Okumura Yasuaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The γ- and δ-lactones were derived from the Diels-Alder adduct of p-benzoquinone and methyl sorbate.
Oxyhydrative Scission of trans-2-Butene in the Liquid Phase under Pressure
Authors: Takita Yusaku , Maehara Takashi , Yamazoe Noboru , Seiyama Tetsuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The liquid phase oxidation of trans-2-hutene under pressure using a V2O5–MoO3 catalyst suspended in water has been proved to yield acetic acid and aldehyde selectively at 170 °C. Taking into account the results of the oxidation of intermediate compounds, it is suggested that the reaction follows the same oxyhydrative scission mechanism as has been proposed for the gas phase oxidation.
A Study of Ion-Solvent Interaction of Tetraalkylammonium and Common Alkali Metal Ions in Ethylene Carbonate from Electrolytic Conductance Data
Authors: Gopal Ram , Singh Sudha 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ion-solvent interaction in solutions of some tetraalkylammonium and common alkali metal iodides in ethylene carbonate, from the point of view, of electrical conductance and the derived Walden product, has been examined in this communication. The Debye-Hückel-Onsager equation appears to hold good for all the salts in the temperature and concentration range studied here. Dependence of the Walden product on temperature and radius of cation reveals that the R4N+ ions do not interact appreciably with the solvent but Li+, Na+, K+, and Rb+ ions appear to be solvated.
The Crystal Structure of the A-super Form of Laurie Acid
Authors: Goto Midori , Asada Eiichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of the A-super form of lauric acid has been determined. The structural parameters were refined by the block-diagonal least-squares method, and the final R value was 0.094. Two types of molecular conformations of a lauric acid exist in the crystal; one is the ordinary type, as seen in the C-form or the A1-form of the lauric acid, while the other is that rotating the carboxyl group about the C1–C2 bond. This unusual structure was explained by the oxygen-oxygen distance of the adjacent molecule.
The Formation of Nitrogeneous Compounds in the γ-Radiolyses of Liquid Nitrogen Solutions of Hydrogen, Methane, and Ethane
Authors: Horigome Keiichi , Hirokami Shun-ichi , Sato Shin 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The γ-radiolyses of liquid nitrogen solutions of hydrogen, methane, and ethane have been reinvestigated. A complete survey of nitrogen-containing products has been attempted. The nitrogeneous compounds observed were ammonia (0.7) and hydrogen azide (0.02) in the case of hydrogen, ammonia (0.3), hydrogen cyanide (0.1), methyl azide (0.01), and a polymer in the case of methane, and ammonia (0.3), hydrogen cyanide (0.05), acetonitrile (0.04), ethyl azide (0.01), and a polymer in the case of ethane. The values in parentheses are the G-values obtained at optimum conditions. The hydrolysis of the polymer obtained with methane gave formaldehyde in amounts which correspond to the fact that the G-value of the nitrogen atoms which were converted into the polymer is about 1.0. In order to explain these results, possible reaction mechanisms are discussed.
Measurements of the Solubility Coefficients of Gases and Vapors in Natural Rubber by Gas Chromatographic Technique
Authors: Kawakami Mitsuyasu , Kagawa Shuichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solubility coefficients of hydrocarbons in unvulcanized natural rubber at 25 °C were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Natural rubber was used as a stationary liquid and nine kinds of lower olefins and paraffins as solutes. The retention volume for all the solutes did not vary with sample size. It was found that the correction for gas phase imperfection is negligible. Thus the solubility coefficient was readily obtained from the specific retention volume without any correction. The values obtained were in fairly good agreement with those determined by the volumetric method given in other works. Modified equations expressing the relationships between the solubility coefficient and the boiling temperature, the critical temperature, and the Lenard-Jones force constant, which might be applicable to a more extensive range of gaseous compounds, were presented.
The Electronic Structure of Ru(III)–Ammine Complexes and the Product Distribution from Solid-state Thermal Reaction
Authors: Kohata Susumu , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Ohyoshi Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
INDO-type UHF-MO calculations were carried out for Ru(III)-ammine complexes in order to investigate their electronic structures and bonding nature. It was revealed that the ground state of RuX(NH3)52+(X=F, Cl, Br, or I) is the 2E state and that that of cis-RuX2(NH3)4+ is the 2A1 state; in RuX(NH3)52+, the odd electron exists not on the dxy orbital but on the dxz or dyz orbital which interacts with the pπ orbital of the halide ligand, and in cis-RuX2(NH3)4+, this electron exists not on the dxz or dxy orbital but on the dyz orbital which interacts with the pπ orbitals of the two halide ligands. Concenring the bonding nature, the following results were obtained: (1) the strength of the Ru–NH3 bond in these complexes increases in the order, cis-RuX2(NH3)4+&lt;RuX(NH3)52+&lt;Ru(OH2)(NH3)53+&lt;Ru(NH3)63+; (2) in the aqua-ammine complex, the Ru–OH2 bond is weaker than the Ru–NH3 bond; and (3) in the halogeno-ammine complexes, the trans-Ru–NH3 bond is weaker than the cis-Ru–NH3 bond. MO calculations were also carried out for some distorted states of RuCl(NH3)52+ From these results, a discussion is presented on the relation between the thermal reaction product and the reaction mechanism; cis-RuCl2(NH3)4+ is expected to be produced via an associative reaction mechanism, while the trans-form product is expected to result from a dissociative mechanism.
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Binary Silicate Glasses
Authors: Maekawa Takashi , Kikuchi Niro , Sumita Shigekazu , Yokokawa Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Si Kα emission lines of the several silicon compounds and binary silicate (Na, K, Rb, and B-silicates) glasses were measured. In the binary silicates, negative energy shifts from that of SiO2 were observed. They were interpreted as indicating a relative decrease of the quantity of charge transfer from silicon to oxygen, when more electropositive elements like alkali metals are located on the next nearest neighbor positions of the silicon atoms. The Si Kα shifts of silicate glasses have a good correlation with the basicity of their melts.
Emission Spectra of the Vinyl Polymers with Pendant Benzocarbazolyl Groups
Authors: Itaya Akira , Okamoto Ken-ichi , Kusabayashi Shigekazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The emission spectra of poly(N-vinyl-5H-benzo[b]carbazole) (PV5BCz) and poly(N-vinyl-7H-benzo[c]carbazole) (PV7BCz), which are prepared by radical and cationic polymerization, and their monomeric model compounds were investigated in solutions. In the case of PV7BCz, the fluorescence spectra were composed of a second excimer fluorescence at the shorter wavelength and a sandwich-like excimer fluorescence at the longer wavelength. The difference in the spectra between the radical and cationic polymers was quite similar to that of the poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVCz) system. The intensity of the sandwich-like excimer fluorescence was independent of the polymerization methods, but the intensity of the second excimer fluorescence increased with an increase in the content of the syndiotactic sequence. In the case of PV5BCz, the behavior of the fluorescence spectra of the radical polymers was similar to that of the PVCz and PV7BCz systems. On the other hand, the fluorescence spectra of the cationic polymers differed markedly from those of the above-mentioned polymers. The cationic polymers did not show the second excimer fluorescence, but a monomer-like structured fluorescence, at the shorter wavelength, although it did show the sandwich-like excimer fluorescence at the longer wavelength. This significant difference in the fluorescence spectra between the radical and cationic polymers is attributable to the difference between their tacticities. On the basis of these results, the characteristics of the second excimer site were further clarified.
Ligand Effects of 2,2′-Bipyridine in the Decomposition of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-1-naphthyl Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Cobalt(II) Salt
Authors: Yamada Teruaki , Kamiya Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ligand effect of 2,2′-bipyridine on the rate of the decomposition of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl hydroperoxide catalyzed by cobalt(II) decanoate in chlorobenzene was kinetically studied and compared with the redox potentials and the spectral data of cobalt(II) complexes. The activity of the anhydrous cobalt(II) decanoate increased by a factor of from three to seven by the addition of 2,2′-bipyridine when the molar ratio of 2,2′-bipyridine to cobalt was 0.25 to 2. It was found that the catalytic activity of the anhydrous cobalt(II) decanoate-2,2′-bipyridine complex shows a remarkable maximum value at the molar ratio of 2,2′-bipyridine to cobalt of 0.5. This novel finding can be explained on the basis of the redox potential measured by cyclic voltammetry in dichloromethane, the IR data, and the structure of the catalyst. The coordination of 2,2′-bipyridine causes the redox potential to change from 0.80–0.84 V to 0.60–0.64 V (vs. SCE) and also weakens the Co–O(decanoate) bond strength, resulting in a facile coordination of hydroperoxide to the cobalt ion as well as the acceleration of cleavage of hydro-peroxide. The maximum activity was explained by the proposed structure of the cobalt(II) decanoate-2,2′-bipyridine (1 : 1/2) complex with a fairly low redox potential and a vacant coordination site.
The Photo-cycloaddition of 3-Cyano-2,4-pentanedione with Cyclohexene and Its Quenching by Enol Ether
Authors: Tada Masaru , Harada Hidetoshi , Miura Kyo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 1,3-dicarbonyl compound, with an electro-negative substituent, 3-cyano-2,4-pentanedione, gives the photoaddition product with cyclohexane. The adduct must be formed by the retro-aldol reaction of the “2+2” cycloaddition product and the hemiacetalization of the resulting 1,5-dicarbonyl compound. Enol ether, with a lower ionization potential, does not photoadd to 3-cyano-2,4-pentanedione but quenches the photoaddition between 3-cyano-2,4-pentanedione and cyclohexene. The solvent effect, the ionization potential, and quenching experiments show that the photoaddition follows a process involving a singlet excited complex.
Nucleoside Analogs. 6. A Synthesis of Carbocyclic Puromycin Analogs
Authors: Suami Tetsuo , Tadano Kin-ichi , Ayabe Mitsukuni , Emori Yasufumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Eight carbocyclic puromycin analogs, in which the furanosyl ring of puromycin is replaced with a cyclopentyl system, were synthesized. Their minimum degeneration concentration (MDC) was determined against HeLa cells in a tissue culture. The two analogs were found to be remarkably active.
Studies of Unusual Amino Acids and Their Peptides. IX. The Synthetic Study of Bottromycins B1 and B2
Authors: Yamada Takashi , Takashima Katsumi , Miyazawa Toshifumi , Kuwata Shigeru , Watanabe Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Bottromycins B1 and B2, peptide antibiotics, were synthesized according to the structures proposed by Nakamura et al. B1 was obtained by the condensation of the imidate, Piv–Tle–Val–ImPro–OEt·HCl with the ester, H–Gly–Phe(βMe)–β-Tha–OH in the presence of Et3N, and B2 by the replacement of the Z group of Z–Tle–Val–ImPro–Gly–Phe(βMe)–β-Tha–OMe by the trans-4-methyl-2-pentenoyl group. The structures of the synthetic B1 and B2 were confirmed by elemental analyses, amino acid analyses, and Cl-mass spectra. However, the synthetic bottromycins differed from the natural ones in many respects, e.g., IR spectra, behavior in TLC, and pKa values. Most significantly, no antimicrobial activities were detected in the synthetic B1. On the basis of these results, it is concluded that the structures proposed by Nakamura et al. for bottromycins are erroneous and should be revised.
13αH-Olean-18-ene Derivatives. Forced Wolff-Kishner Reduction Products of 19-Oxoolean-12-ene Derivatives
Authors: Honda Tadashi , Murae Tatsushi , Tsuyuki Takahiko , Takahashi Takeyoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Methyl 2α,3β,23-triacetoxy-13αH-olean-18-en-28-oate (4) and methyl 2α,3β-diacetoxy-13αH-olean-18-en-28-oate (7) were obtained from methyl 2α,3β,23-triacetoxy-19-oxoolean-12-en-28-oate (2) and from methyl 2α,3β-diacetoxy-19-oxoolean-12-en-28-oate (5), respectively, by the forced Wolff-Kishner reduction and subsequent acetylation and methylation. Methyl 2α,3β-diacetoxy-13βH-olean-18-en-28-oate (10), prepared from methyl 2,3-di-O-acetylarjunate (13) via methyl 2α,3β-diacetoxy-19α-hydroxy-12-oxooleanan-28-oate (18) and methyl 2α,3β-diacetoxy-19α-hydroxyoleanan-28-oate (19), was shown to be not identical with 7. This led to a 13αH-olean-18-ene structure for 7.
Formation of Bis(methylthio)(methylsulfinyl)methane in the Reaction of Methyl (Methylthio)methyl Sulfoxide with Sodium Hydride
Authors: Ogura Katsuyuki , Katoh Nobuko , Tsuchihashi Gen-ichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Treatment of methyl (methylthio)methyl sulfoxide (1) with sodium hydride gave bis(methylthio)(methylsulfinyl)methane (3) which might be formed by abnormal attack of the carbanion (2) of 1 on the sulfide linkage of 1. The additon of butyl iodide to this system completely suppressed the formation of 3, showing that 2 reacts faster with butyl iodide than with 1. The mechanism to account for these phenomena is discussed.