bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate in the treatment of severe preeclampsia
Authors: Lu Dawei , Yu Jie , Sang Lin 
Published: April 2024

Objective: To observe the treatment of severe preeclampsia in newborns with enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 80 patients with severe preeclampsia admitted to Hefei Second People’s Hospital, China from January 2019 to December 2020. Treatment records showed that 40 cases received magnesium sulfate treatment (single group), and 40 cases received enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate treatment (combination group). Levels of D-dimer, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PLGF), Apgar scores of newborns delivered before and after treatment were compared. Gestation weeks and incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed.
Results: After treatment, levels of D-dimer, sfit-1 and adverse reactions in the combination group were significantly lower than those in the single group (P<0.05), and the level of PLGF, newborn Apgar score and length of gestation were significantly higher than those in the single group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Compared to magnesium sulfate alone, the combination of enoxaparin sodium and magnesium sulfate in the treatment of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia can more effectively regulate the cytokine level of patients, improve pregnancy outcome, and improve neonatal Apgar score. The incidence of adverse reactions is low, making it a safe and efficient treatment modality.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9001
How to cite this: Lu D, Yu J, Sang L. Enoxaparin sodium combined with magnesium sulfate in the treatment of severe preeclampsia. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):870-874. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9001
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Impact of E-Cigarettes on Oral Injuries and Bone Fractures
Authors: Głogowska Karen , Wojtas Mikołaj , Piątkiewicz Julia , Krzyżanowska Maria , Kapica Marcin , Nowak Gabriela , Żmijewska Aleksandra , Sztybór Mateusz , Maleszewska Monika  , Kopacz Wojciech 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
The rising prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has prompted concerns regarding its potential health implications. While much attention has focused on respiratory and cardiovascular effects, injuries, oral trauma, and bone fractures linked to e-cigarette use have received less scrutiny. This paper aims to comprehensively review the landscape of injuries, oral trauma, and bone fractures induced by e-cigarettes, shedding light on this underexplored facet of e-cigarette-related harm.
Material and Methods
This literature review has analyzed 16 papers. Inclusion criteria: researches and case reports published after 2015. PubMed and Google Scholar has been searched to identify the papers.
Analysis of the Literature
Existing literature suggests a growing incidence of injuries, oral trauma, and bone fractures associated with e-cigarette use, albeit with limited systematic investigation. Mechanisms underlying these injuries range from device malfunctions to inadvertent impacts during use. Case reports highlight a spectrum of injuries, including oral burns, dental trauma, and skeletal fractures, often involving the face and mouth regions.
Conclusions
Despite the lack of comprehensive epidemiological data emerging evidence underscores the need for heightened awareness and preventive measures to mitigate e-cigarette-related injuries. Enhanced education, regulation of e-cigarette devices, and promotion of safer usage practices are crucial steps towards reducing the burden of e-cigarette-related harm on oral and skeletal health.
Debt Derisking
Authors: Cutura Jannic , Parise Gianpaolo , Schrimpf Andreas 
Published: April 2024

We examine how corporate bond fund managers manipulate portfolio risk in response to incentives. We find that liquidity risk concerns drive the allocation decisions of underperforming funds, whereas tournament incentives are of secondary importance. This leads laggard fund managers to trade off yield for liquidity while holding the exposure to other sources of risk constant. The documented derisking is stronger for managers with shorter tenure and is reinforced by a more concave flow to performance sensitivity and by periods of market stress. Derisking meaningfully supports ex post laggard fund returns. Flexible net asset values (swing pricing) may, however, reduce derisking incentives and create moral hazard. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03406 .
Strategic Responses to Algorithmic Recommendations: Evidence from Hotel Pricing
Authors: Garcia Daniel , Tolvanen Juha , Wagner Alexander K. 
Published: April 2024

We study the interaction between algorithmic advice and human decisions using high-resolution hotel-room pricing data. We document that price setting frictions, arising from adjustment costs of human decision makers, induce a conflict of interest with the algorithmic advisor. A model of advice with costly price adjustments shows that, in equilibrium, algorithmic price recommendations are strategically biased and lead to suboptimal pricing by human decision makers. We quantify the losses from the strategic bias in recommendations using as structural model and estimate the potential benefits that would result from a shift to fully automated algorithmic pricing. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, special issue on the human-algorithm connection. Funding: D. Garcia gratefully acknowledges that this research was funded in part by the Austrian Science Fund [Grant FWF-FG6]. A. K. Wagner gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Anniversary Fund of the Oesterreichische Nationalbank [Project 18878]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03740 .
Basilic vein variation encountered during surgery for arm vein port: A case report
Authors: Hu Cheng-Da , Lv Rui , Zhao Ya-Xin , Zhang Ming-Hao , Zeng Hong-Dou , Mao Yi-Wen 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Venous variations are uncommon and usually hard to identify, and basilic vein variation is particularly rare. Basilic vein variation usually presents without any clinical symptoms and is often regarded as a benign alteration. This case was a patient with congenital basilic vein variation encountered during surgery for an infusion port.
CASE SUMMARY
We documented and analyzed an uncommon anatomical variation in the basilic vein encountered during arm port insertion. This peculiarity has hitherto remained undescribed in the literature. We offer remedial strategies for addressing this anomaly in the future and precautionary measures to circumvent its occurrence. We conducted a comprehensive review of analogous cases in the literature, offering pertinent therapeutic recommendations and solutions, with the aim of enhancing the efficacy and safety of future arm port implantations.
CONCLUSION
Venous variation is rare and requires detailed intraoperative and postoperative examination to ensure accuracy, so as not to affect subsequent treatment.
Small intestine angioleiomyoma as a rare cause of perforation: A case report
Authors: Hou Teng-Yuan , Tzeng Wei-Juo , Lee Pei-Hang 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Angioleiomyoma is a rare and benign stromal tumor typically found in subcutaneous tissue. It rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract. Among the reported cases, the most common complication was gastrointestinal bleeding. Perforation has only been reported as a complication in the last few decades.
CASE SUMMARY
This case report detailed the discovery of intestinal angioleiomyoma in a 47-year-old male presenting with abdominal pain that had persisted for 3 d. After suspecting hollow organ perforation, surgical intervention involving intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed.
CONCLUSION
The report underscores the significance of early surgical intervention in effectively treating angioleiomyoma while emphasizing the pivotal role of timely and appropriate measures for favorable outcomes.
Systemic lupus erythematosus in a 15-year-old female with multiple splenic nodules: A case report
Authors: Kang Mi Il , Kwon Hyeok Chan 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting young females. SLE can invade any organ, and various forms of splenic invasion have been reported. Manifestations include splenomegaly and splenic infarction, rupture, and calcification. The study encountered a rare case of splenic involvement, with nodules of various sizes without calcifications or ruptures.
CASE SUMMARY
A 15-year-old girl presented with arthralgia, weight loss, fever, increased levels of inflammatory markers, and positive antinuclear antibody test results. The patient was diagnosed with SLE. She was asymptomatic while taking steroids and hydroxychloroquine. Ten months after discharge, the patient developed a fever and abdominal pain. Lupus enteritis was suspected, and abdominopelvic computed tomography (AP-CT) was performed. There were no specific findings in the gastrointestinal tract, but multiple splenic nodules were observed. Infection or hemangioma was considered; however, no specific radiological findings were observed. A biopsy of the spleen was performed to determine the possibility of malignancy. The histological findings of the spleen included extensive periarteriolar necrosis with hematoxylin bodies and numerous karyorrhectic debris. Based on the biopsy results, the patient was diagnosed with an SLE flare-up and was maintained on high-dose steroids and immunosuppressants.
CONCLUSION
As disease activity increased, multiple nodules in the spleen that were previously unseen were observed using AP-CT and histologically confirmed. Spleen invasion by SLE can appear in multiple nodular forms and patterns. Therefore, physicians should consider these findings when differentiating these nodules from infections and malignancies.
Klasifikasi Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor pada Imbalance Class Data dengan SMOTE. (Studi Kasus: Nasabah Bank Perkreditan Rakyat “X”)
Authors: Ardhana Salsabilla Rizka , Widiharih Tatik , Saputra Bagus Arya 
Published: April 2024

<p class="AbstractEnglish">Rural Banks (Bank Perkreditan Rakyat/BPR) provide financial services to micro-businesses and low repayment communities, especially in rural areas. The main activity of the bank is lending. Customer credit classification is expected to assist BPR in anticipating potential bad loans. K-Nearest Neighbor classify current and potential bad credit status based on customer data from BPR “X” in Central Java in October 2022. K-Nearest Neighbor is effective against a large amount of training data and works based on the nearest neighbor. There is an imbalance class data which causes the classification process to focus more on the majority class. Imbalance class data is handled using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) as an oversampling approach. Classification with the addition of SMOTE can improve the evaluation of classification accuracy, especially G-mean. G-mean is the most comprehensive measurement in term of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in evaluating classification performance on imbalance class data. The results of this research were able to increase g-mean to 58.55% and sensitivity to 45.46% by implementing SMOTE. Based on the classification results, it is concluded that K-Nearest Neighbor with SMOTE at k = 19 and a proportion of training data to test data of 70:30 is a more appropriate classification model to use for customer credit status.</p><p class="AbstractEnglish"> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Credit Status; K-Nearest Neighbor; Imbalance Class Data; SMOTE</p>
Epidemiology of congenital heart defects in France from 2013 to 2022 using the PMSI-MCO (French Medical Information System Program in Medicine, Surgery, and Obstetrics) database
Authors: Bourdon Gurvan , Lenne Xavier , Godart François , Storme Laurent , Theis Didier , Subtil Damien , Bruandet Amelie , Rakza Thameur 
Published: April 2024

Background
Congenital heart defects are common and occur in approximately 0.9% of births. In France, the registries cover approximately 20% of the population but not the entirety of France; therefore, we aimed to update the incidence data for congenital heart defects in France from 2013 to 2022 using the medico-administrative database PMSI-MCO (French Medical Information System Program in Medicine, Surgery, and Obstetrics). We aimed to compare the frequency of risk factors in a population with congenital heart defects and a reference population.

Methods
From 2013 to 2022, we included children aged < 3 years diagnosed with congenital heart defects according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, in the PMSI-MCO database. We compared them with a population without congenital defects on several medical data items (e.g., parity, gemellarity, and mortality rate). Bivariate and multivariate analyses compared children with congenital heart defects and children without congenital malformation.

Results
We identified 83,879 children with congenital heart defects in France from 2013 to 2022 in the PMSI-MCO database and 7,739,840 children without such defects, including 7,218,952 without any congenital defects. We observed more deaths (7.49% vs. 0.68%, d = 0.59) and more twinning (8.67% vs. 1.23%, d = 0.35) among children with congenital heart defects. Multivariate analysis revealed an increased risk of congenital heart defects in male individuals (OR [odds ratio] 1.056, 95% CI [confidence interval] [1.039–1.076]) and cases of medically assisted reproduction (OR 1.115, 95% CI [1.045–1.189]) and a reduced risk in the case of multiparity (OR 0.921, 95% CI [0.905–0.938]).

Conclusions
According to the PMSI-MCO database, the incidence of congenital heart defects in France from 2013 to 2022 is 1% of births. Congenital heart defects are more frequent in cases of prematurity, twinning, primiparity, male sex, and maternal age > 40 years.
Increased risk of chronic kidney disease and mortality in a cohort of people diagnosed with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease with hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Gurun Marc , Brennan Paul , Handjiev Sava , Khatib Aseil , Leith Damien , Dillon John F. , Byrne Christopher J. 
Published: April 2024

Background and aims
Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) increases the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relative risk of CKD associated with increasing hepatic fibrosis, and consequent mortality risk, remains underexplored in real-world cohorts. In this study, we sought to establish whether hepatic fibrosis is associated with increased CKD risk and explore differences in mortality risk in a cohort of people living with MASLD, contingent on liver fibrosis and CKD status.

Methods
This was an observational study of people who underwent routine liver function testing in Tayside, Scotland. MASLD was defined as: elevated ALT (>30 U/L) or GGT (>73 U/L); presence of diabetes, and/or hypertension, and/or obesity; weekly alcohol consumption <14 units (112g (+/-8g) alcohol); and negative screen for other aetiologies. Data was collected from digital health records. We used log-binomial models to quantify the risk of CKD among those with and without fibrosis, and Cox regression models to estimate differences in mortality risk dependent on fibrosis and CKD.

Results
In our cohort (n = 2,046), 1,448 (70.8%) people had MASLD without fibrosis and 598 (29.2%) with fibrosis; 161 (11.1%) and 117 (19.6%) respectively also had CKD. After excluding individuals with structural, autoimmune, or malignant CKD (n = 22), liver fibrosis (n = 593; 18.9% with CKD) was associated with increased CKD risk (aRR = 1.31, 1.04–1.64, p = 0.021). Increased mortality risk was observed for those with liver fibrosis (aHR = 2.30, 1.49–3.56, p = <0.001) and was higher again among people with both fibrosis and CKD (aHR = 5.07, 3.07–8.39, p = <0.014).

Conclusions
Liver fibrosis was an independent risk factor for CKD in this cohort of people living with MASLD. Furthermore, those with MASLD with liver fibrosis had higher risk for mortality and this risk was further elevated among those with co-morbid CKD. Given the increased risk of CKD, and consequent mortality risk, among people living with MASLD fibrosis, renal function screening should be considered within liver health surveillance programmes and guidelines.
Empowering adult patients with diabetes for health educators’ role within their family members: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alanazi Mona , Bajmal Eman , Aseeri Abeer , Alsulami Ghaida 
Published: April 2024

Background
Patient engagement as partners in diabetes prevention for family members/close relatives is a novel and underexplored approach. This paper aims to assess patients’ willingness and confidence in their ability to succeed as health educators for their family members and investigate the influencing factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between January 2023 and April 2023. A newly developed and validated self-reported questionnaire, based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) and previous research, was administered to a convenient sample of 134 adult participants diagnosed with diabetes. These participants sought care at primary healthcare clinics at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs in Riyadh and Jeddah (MNGHA). The data was examined using statistical methods including descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) Post Hoc tests, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients.

Results
The majority of participants expressed a willingness to assume the role of health educators for their family members (n = 117, 87.31%) and reported a high level of willingness and confidence, as indicated by self-efficacy scores ranging from 12.00 to 25.00, with a mean of 21.12 (SD = 2.76). Participants’ willingness to be health educators exhibited positive correlations with their perceptions of diabetes severity and susceptibility (r = .433, p < .01), perceived benefits and barriers (r = .451, p < .01), cues to action (r = .520, p < .01), self-efficacy (r = .789, p < .01), and the total score of the questionnaire (r = .640, p < .01).

Conclusions
The majority of participants expressed their willingness to assume the role of health educators for their family members, and a significant portion reported confidence in their capacity to accomplish this objective. Healthcare providers should emphasize the importance of equipping patients with the skills and knowledge necessary to effectively convey health messages and serve as health educators within their communities. This expansion of the approach holds the potential to have a significant impact on public health strategies for diabetes prevention.
Identification of cuproptosis-realated key genes and pathways in Parkinson’s disease via bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Song Jia , Li Jia , Pei Xiaochen , Chen Jiajun , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common worldwide age-related neurodegenerative disorder without effective treatments. Cuproptosis is a newly proposed conception of cell death extensively studied in oncological diseases. Currently, whether cuproptosis contributes to PD remains largely unclear.

Methods
The dataset GSE22491 was studied as the training dataset, and GSE100054 was the validation dataset. According to the expression levels of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PD patients and normal samples, we obtained the differentially expressed CRGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was achieved through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. Meanwhile, the disease-associated module genes were screened from the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Afterward, the intersection genes of WGCNA and PPI were obtained and enriched using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, the key genes were identified from the datasets. The receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted and a PPI network was constructed, and the PD-related miRNAs and key genes-related miRNAs were intersected and enriched. Finally, the 2 hub genes were verified via qRT-PCR in the cell model of the PD and the control group.

Results
525 DEGs in the dataset GSE22491 were identified, including 128 upregulated genes and 397 downregulated genes. Based on the PPI network, 41 genes were obtained. Additionally, the dataset was integrated into 34 modules by WGCNA. 36 intersection genes found from WGCNA and PPI were significantly abundant in 7 pathways. The expression levels of the genes were validated, and 2 key genes were obtained, namely peptidase inhibitor 3 (PI3) and neuroserpin family I member 1 (SERPINI1). PD-related miRNAs and key genes-related miRNAs were intersected into 29 miRNAs including hsa-miR-30c-2-3p. At last, the qRT-PCR results of 2 hub genes showed that the expressions of mRNA were up-regulated in PD.

Conclusion
Taken together, this study demonstrates the coordination of cuproptosis in PD. The key genes and miRNAs offer novel perspectives in the pathogenesis and molecular targeting treatment for PD.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sanchis Geronimo José Bouzas , Barbosa Joubert Vitor de Souto , Cavalcanti Rafael Limeira , Bezerra Josiane Pereira , Santos Maristela Linhares dos , Guedes Thais Sousa Rodrigues , Assis Sanderson José Costa de , Santana Rebeca de Castro , Lopes Johnnatas Mikael , Oliveira Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa , Guedes Marcello Barbosa Otoni Gonçalves 
Published: April 2024

Objectives
To assess the prevalence and associated factors of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) in children and adolescents.

Method
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years, who presented a history of peripatellar and/or retropatellar pain, attending elementary or high school in urban public schools in Natal, Brazil. The sample size was calculated based on a minimum outcome prevalence of 22%.

Results
A prevalence of 24.7% of PFPS was found. There was a positive association of PFPS with active students (p < 0.01; PR: 2.5; CI: 1.4–4.5), low functional capacity (p < 0.01; PR: 8.0; CI: 5.0–12.8), and those classified as pubertal (p < 0.03; PR: 1.8; CI: 1.0–3.2).

Conclusion
There was a considerable prevalence of PFPS in children and adolescents, as well as an association between the level of sexual maturation and adjustable determinants, such as the level of physical activity and low functional capacity in this group.