bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The light side of darkness?
Authors: Ebn-Abbasi Faramarz , Fattahi Nazila , Dewaele Jean-Marc , Botes Elouise 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The duality of human nature, consisting of positive and negative personality traits, has intrigued scholars in different fields. Despite an overwhelming dominance of research on positive characteristics, particularly in the field of education, negative traits, such as those constituting the Dark Triad (DT; i.e., Psychopathy, Narcissism, and Machiavellianism) have been confirmed to be associated with both positive and detrimental outcomes. This paper aims to investigate the potential influence of these aversive traits on second language (L2) learning outcomes—L2 learning motivation, engagement, achievement, and willingness to communicate. L2 learners from a single country (n = 431) participated in this study. Multiple structural equation models (SEMs) were run to analyze the links and the directionality of significant effects. Overall, among the undesirable DT traits, Psychopathy and Narcissism were both positive and negative predictors of the L2 outcomes, while Machiavellianism unexpectedly emerged solely as a positive predictor. The intricacy of the results underscores the vague nature of the effects, pinpointing the need for more caution while examining negative personality traits in education and the L2 contexts. Based on the results of this study, implications and directions for future research on DT and language learning are suggested.
Motor learning theory can benefit seafarers
Authors: Sanli Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Safe and effective navigation of the world's oceans and waterways relies on maritime education and training. This involves the learning of motor, procedural and verbal components of complex skills. Motor learning theory evaluates training variables, such as instructions, feedback and scheduling, to determine best practices for long-term retention of such skills. Motor learning theory has come a long way from focusing primarily on underlying cognitive processes to now including individual and contextual characteristics in making predictions about instructional strategies and their role in performance and learning. A remaining challenge in applying recent motor learning theory to maritime education and training is a lack of empirical testing of complex vocational skills, such as simulation scenarios, with delayed retention and transfer tests. Incorporating theory-based understanding of beneficial instructional practices, through both cognitive approaches and those considering context and environment, task complexity and learner characteristics is a fruitful way forward in advancing maritime education and training.
Improved Gaussian mean-shift radar dynamic bias registration
Authors: Pan Jiang Huai 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aiming at the error estimation problem of a radar detection system when the variation law of system error is unknown, an improved Gaussian mean-shift radar dynamic error registration algorithm (IGMSR) is proposed. The algorithm can effectively adapt to the variation of system error when the variation law of system error is unknown. The IGMSR algorithm uses the mean-shift method to contribute different characteristics to the estimation results of different sample points, and constructs weight coefficients according to the deviation of sample points from the mean and sampling time. The simulation results show that more than 90% of the constant system errors can be eliminated; for the systematic error with slow change, more than 80% of the bias can be eliminated in real time, while a previous method of Zhu and Wang (2018) can only eliminate 60% of the systematic error and require the change law to be known. This method overcomes the influence of random error and abnormal point, and the estimation results are more robust.
Review of ship navigation safety in fog
Authors: Ding Gege , Li Runze , Li Chunxu , Yang Bingdong , Li Yiqin , Yu Qiaochan , Geng Xiongfei , Yao Zhixuan , Zhang Ke , Wen Jie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the contemporary maritime industry, characterised by intense competition, reduced visibility due to heavy fog is a primary cause of accidents, significantly impairing maritime operational efficiency. Consequently, investigating foggy weather navigation safety holds crucial practical significance. This paper, through an analysis and synthesis of various aspects of foggy navigation technology, including foggy navigation regulations at different ports, fog warnings, foggy vessel environmental perception and foggy auxiliary navigation systems, explores the key issues concerning vessel navigation during foggy conditions from a scientific perspective. This discussion encompasses the aspects of regulatory frameworks, standardisation, and the development of intelligent and responsive onboard equipment. Finally, the paper offers a glimpse into potential strategies for fog navigation.
Friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A UK longitudinal study of young people with childhood adversity
Authors: König Maximilian , Smith Alicia J. , Moreno-López Laura , Davidson Eugenia , Dauvermann Maria , Orellana Sofia , McCormick Ethan M. , Peris Tara S. , Kaser Muzaffer , Ioannidis Konstantinos , van Harmelen Anne-Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Young people with childhood adversity (CA) were at increased risk to experience mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre-pandemic research identified high-quality friendship support as a protective factor that can buffer against the emergence of mental health problems in young people with CA. This longitudinal study investigated friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and at three timepoints during the pandemic in 102 young people (aged 16–26) with low to moderate CA. Multilevel analyses revealed a continuous increase in depression symptoms following the outbreak. Friendship quality was perceived as elevated during lockdowns and returned to pre-pandemic baseline levels during reopening. A stress-sensitizing effect of CA on social functioning was evident, as social thinning occurred following the outbreak. Bivariate latent change score modeling revealed that before and during the pandemic, young people with greater friendship quality self-reported lower depression symptoms and vice versa. Furthermore, sequential mediation analysis showed that high-quality friendships before the pandemic buffered depression symptoms during the pandemic through reducing perceived stress. These findings highlight the importance of fostering stable and supportive friendships in young people with CA and suggest that through reducing stress perceptions high-quality friendships can mitigate mental health problems during times of multidimensional stress.
How language proficiency and age of acquisition affect executive control in bilinguals: continuous versus dichotomous analysis approaches
Authors: Xia Lihua , Sorace Antonella , Vega-Mendoza Mariana , Bak Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Researchers have argued that grouping heterogeneous linguistic profiles under a dichotomous condition might mask the cognitive effects of bilingualism. The current study used two different analysis approaches (i.e., continuous versus dichotomous) to examine inhibitory control in a sample of 239 young adult bilinguals. Dividing the sample into dichotomous groups based on L2 proficiency (i.e., high-proficient versus low-proficient) and L2 AoA (i.e., early versus late) did not lead to reliable group differences in any of the measurements used. However, the use of a continuous measure revealed that higher L2 proficiency predicted better visual inhibition and earlier L2 AoA was associated with better auditory inhibition. Furthermore, the observed differences were limited to tasks involving stimulus–stimulus competition, but not stimulus–response competition. These findings shed new light on the importance of conceptualising bilingualism as a continuous measure rather than a dichotomous measure and previous research on bilingual performance in different cognitive tasks.
Community language exposure affects voice onset time patterns in Spanish-English bilingual children and functional English monolingual children
Authors: Mayr Robert , Montanari Simona , Steffman Jeremy , Baghom Manifa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examined English VOT productions by 37 Spanish-English bilingual children and 37 matched functional monolinguals, all aged 3–6 years, from the same Latinx community. It also assessed the bilinguals’ Spanish stop productions and investigated the effects of age and language exposure on their VOT productions. The results revealed credible between-group differences on English voiced, but not voiceless, stops, with shorter VOTs for bilinguals. However, both groups exhibited similar pre-voicing levels, which may suggest an effect of the community language, Spanish, not only on the bilinguals’ English VOT patterns but also the monolinguals’. The study also found cross-linguistic differentiation of voiceless stops, but not voiced ones, in the bilinguals’ productions and revealed effects of age and exposure not only on VOT in Spanish but also in the majority language, English. These findings have important implications for the conceptualization of monolingual-bilingual comparisons in settings where the community and majority language coexist.
Same difference? Interrogating the security politics of COVID-19 in the ‘democratic’ United Kingdom and ‘authoritarian’ Thailand
Authors: Magcamit Michael , Chinudomsub Pradit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
How do different regime types execute a security response during a pandemic? We interrogate the politics of monopolistic securitization which we argue to have significantly directed and influenced the COVID-19 policy strategies adopted in the ‘democratic’ United Kingdom (UK) and ‘authoritarian’ Thailand. Despite their stark political differences, we contend that the British and Thai states’ parallel resort to monopolistic securitization as an overarching pandemic approach effectively made them ‘functionally similar’ by producing security responses that differed only in magnitude and scale but not in kind. Integrating securitization and democratic standards violations frameworks, we find out that the British and Thai authorities’ monopolistic securitization of COVID-19 initially constrained the intersubjective process required to socially construct the pandemic as a primary existential threat endangering both countries. This significantly diminished their public audiences’ individual/agential and collective/institutional capacity to deliberate the immediate emergency measures they unilaterally deployed, particularly during the pandemic’s early stages. Consequently, whether it was in the UK with a supposedly robust democracy or in Thailand with at best a hybrid regime if not outright authoritarian, the security responses that emerged constituted varying types and degrees of violations within the illiberal-authoritarian spectrum. Nevertheless, as the pandemic progressed, the fundamental deliberative-iterative mechanism underpinning securitization enabled the British and Thai public audiences to gradually reclaim their role and space, allowing them to challenge the appropriateness and legitimacy of the existing emergency measures, thereby weakening the states’ monopolistic control over the process.
RANK 2
$\ell $
-ADIC LOCAL SYSTEMS AND HIGGS BUNDLES OVER A CURVE
Authors: Yu Hongjie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Let X be a smooth, projective and geometrically connected curve defined over a finite field

${\mathbb {F}}_q$

of characteristic p different from

$2$

and

$S\subseteq X$

a subset of closed points. Let

$\overline {X}$

and

$\overline {S}$

be their base changes to an algebraic closure of

${\mathbb {F}}_q$

. We study the number of

$\ell $

-adic local systems

$(\ell \neq p)$

in rank

$2$

over

$\overline {X}-\overline {S}$

with all possible prescribed tame local monodromies fixed by k-fold iterated action of Frobenius endomorphism for every

$k\geq 1$

. In all cases, we confirm conjectures of Deligne predicting that these numbers behave as if they were obtained from a Lefschetz fixed point formula. In fact, our counting results are expressed in terms of the numbers of some Higgs bundles.
Formal and informal institutions: some problems of meaning, impact, and interaction
Authors: Hodgson Geoffrey M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Taking inspiration from the work of Douglass North, much institutional research attempts a distinction between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutions. North often associated ‘formal institutions’ with rules enforced through a legal system. It is suggested here that this lead should be followed and refined. In which case ‘legal system’ and ‘law’ require definitions. An alternative claim, that ‘formal’ basically means ‘written down’, is arguably less useful. Stressing the importance of clear definitions in this area, this paper considers a case where slight modifications yield strikingly different results. Some options concerning the meanings of ‘culture’ and their relation to institutions are briefly noted. Changes in, and interactions between, ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutions are considered, with illustrative examples. Contrary to some authors, informal institutions can sometimes change rapidly, in some cases in response to state legislation.
Compact 8-port EMSIW MIMO antenna with high isolation for sub-6 GHz communication systems
Authors: Srivastava Gunjan , Kumar Vimal , Mohan Akhilesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A compact 8-port eighth-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (EMSIW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is presented in this paper. It consists of eight EMSIW cavities placed side by side sharing their open-ended edges which are separated by rectangular slots. High isolation (>22 dB) between the antenna elements over the entire operating band is obtained by the strategic placement of rectangular slots and vias. The open-ended region of EMSIW cavity resonator and the edges of the diagonal slots help in the excitation of TE110 mode at 5.5 GHz. The simulated bandwidth of MIMO antenna is 180 MHz, while the measured bandwidth is 220 MHz. The proposed MIMO antenna system has potential applications for sub-6 GHz communication systems.
A comparison of near-field to far-field transformation techniques for use with industrial multi-axis robotic antenna measurement systems
Authors: Gregson S.F. , Parini C.G. , Lewis D. , Cooper W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This invited, extended, paper compares and contrasts a number of different near-field (NF) to far-field (FF) transformation algorithms that can be used for the purpose of processing NF data acquired using multi-axis industrial robots. The merits and limitations of these various, commonly encountered algorithms are highlighted with comparison FF data presented across a frequency range spanning 3–15 GHz. Crucially, the paper explores the viability of using mixed mode acquisition geometries when performing antenna gain measurements where, prior to this work, several of the transforms yielded different transform gains, and electrical lengths. Here, we verify that at 8 GHz and above, where truncation effects were minimal, for a circa 30 dBi gain (at 8 GHz) test antenna the FF peaks were in agreement to better than ±0.02 dB, at 3σ irrespective of the acquisition geometry and transform algorithm used. In this invited, extended work, the existing simulation results are augmented with experimental results obtained from planar and spherical NF measurements of a pyramidal horn taken using a dual robotic antenna measurement system and a consistent distributed RF subsystem.
Wearable CNT/PAni/fabric piezoresistive sensor for continuous blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Barati Milad , Nikfarjam Alireza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Wearable pressure sensors with high sensitivity, fast response time, and low detection limit have great potential for blood pressure monitoring and early diagnosis of hypertension. This article introduces a piezoresistive pressure sensor based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), polyaniline (PAni), and fabric (CNT/PAni/fabric) for health monitoring applications. This sensor is made by using two layers of linen fabric coated with CNT and PAni. These layers are placed on a polyester fabric substrate. One of the coated layers has a mesh structure, which increases the sensitivity of the sensor and lowers its detection limit. The CNT/PAni/fabric sensor has a high sensitivity of 2.035 kPa−1 at pressures from 0 to 0.2 kPa, a response time of 290 ms, and a detection limit of 1.5 Pa. These features make it suitable for measuring blood pressure. The results obtained by measuring blood pressure using the pulse transit time method on four people, compared with the values obtained using the digital sphygmomanometer, show a discrepancy ranging between 0.019% and 1.62%. Also, the average error and standard deviation for the sensor measurement in systolic and diastolic pressures are 0.56 ± 0.33 and 0.57 ± 0.46, respectively, which shows that measurement with this sensor can be an alternative to existing devices.
Canopy Temperature Reveals Disparities in Urban Tree Benefits
Authors: Wilkening Jean V. , Feng Xue 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUrban trees are increasingly used by cities for cooling and climate adaptation. However, efforts to increase tree cover across cities have neglected to account for the trees' health and function, which are known to control their associated environmental benefits but have been difficult to assess at scales relevant for management. Here, we use remotely sensed, high resolution canopy temperature as a proxy for tree health and function and evaluate its relation to the built environment across Minneapolis‐St. Paul (MSP) using machine learning analyses. We develop a new index that incorporates information on urban trees' health and function, in addition to their presence. This index, when applied across MSP, suggests that canopy benefits may not be distributed equally even in neighborhoods with similar canopy cover. Furthermore, accounting for tree health and function can yield more effective and equitable benefits by guiding the location and magnitude of intervention for urban tree management.
Integrating Gravity, Magnetic, and Magnetotelluric Data Over Devon Ice Cap, Canadian Arctic, to Investigate the Subglacial Geology
Authors: Killingbeck Siobhan F. , Unsworth Martyn J. , Young Duncan A. , Rutishauser Anja , Yan Shuai , Beem Lucas H. , Richter Thomas G. , Blankenship Donald D. , Dubnick Ashley , Criscitiello Alison S. , Vestrum Zoe , Greenbaum Jamin , Dow Christine F. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe subglacial geology beneath Devon Ice Cap (DIC) is not well understood. An airborne radar study published in 2018 suggested the presence of a hypersaline, subglacial lake beneath DIC where geologic modeling suggested that the source of the brine was an underlying evaporite‐rich sedimentary unit. However recent surface based seismic and electromagnetic data have revealed the absence of subglacial water beneath the center of DIC. Continued studies of this subglacial environment require knowledge of the sediments and bedrock beneath the ice. In this study we combine previously published geology and geothermal studies with new surface‐based magnetotelluric, airborne gravity and aeromagnetic data, to investigate the subglacial geology under DIC. The integrated results show that beneath the center of DIC there is likely a frozen sedimentary unit (3,000–6,000 Ωm) overlying unfrozen crystalline basement rocks of the Canadian shield (400–2,000 Ωm), at depths of 1,500 m–2,000 m. This agrees with recent studies of ice dynamics on DIC, where glacier velocities are low (<20 m a−1), within the interior regions of DIC implying the ice is dominantly frozen to the bed. Furthermore, relatively low‐density sedimentary rocks (∼2.2 g/cm3) are the likely cause of the gravity low (−50 to −70 mgal) observed in the northeast of the ice cap and could have implications for future ice dynamics.
The expression and functional role of proline-rich 15 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ji Yong , Zhang Han , Gong Fei-long , Liang Jia-long , Wang Sheng-fei , Sang Yong-hua , Zheng Ming-feng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Proline-rich 15 (PRR15) is a protein primarily known for its role in placental development. This study investigates the expression, functional significance, and underlying mechanisms of PRR15 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our findings demonstrate significantly elevated PRR15 expression in NSCLC tissues compared to normal lung parenchyma, with higher expression correlating with adverse clinical outcomes. Single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed PRR15 overexpression within the malignant tumor cell population. PRR15 expression was elevated in NSCLC tissues from locally treated patients and in a panel of primary and established NSCLC cells. PRR15 depletion using shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout significantly suppressed proliferation and migration, while promoting apoptosis in various NSCLC cells. Conversely, ectopic PRR15 overexpression using a lentiviral construct enhanced cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistic investigations implicated PRR15 in the activation of the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of PRR15 expression via shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout resulted in decreased Akt and S6K phosphorylation, while PRR15 overexpression led to augmented Akt-S6K signaling in primary human NSCLC cells. In vivo studies using xenograft models further validated the oncogenic role of PRR15, demonstrating that PRR15 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and attenuated Akt-mTOR activation. These findings collectively highlight the potential of PRR15 as a novel oncogenic driver and therapeutic target in NSCLC.
Insights on the crosstalk among different cell death mechanisms
Authors: Eskander Georgette , Abdelhamid Sherihan G. , Wahdan Sara A. , Radwan Sara M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The phenomenon of cell death has garnered significant scientific attention in recent years, emerging as a pivotal area of research. Recently, novel modalities of cellular death and the intricate interplay between them have been unveiled, offering insights into the pathogenesis of various diseases. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate molecular mechanisms, inducers, and inhibitors of the underlying prevalent forms of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, mitophagy, and pyroptosis. Moreover, it elucidates the crosstalk and interconnection among the key pathways or molecular entities associated with these pathways, thereby paving the way for the identification of novel therapeutic targets, disease management strategies, and drug repurposing.