bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional fundamental solution for transversely isotropic piezothermoelastic material
Authors: Hou P. F. , Leung A. Y. T. , Chen C. P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractFundamental solutions play an important role in electroelastic analyses and numerical methods of piezoelectric material. However, most works available on this topic are on the case of identical temperature. We use the compact mono‐harmonic general solutions of transversely isotropic piezothermoelastic material to construct the three‐dimensional fundamental solution of a steady point heat source in an infinite piezothermoelastic material by four newly introduced mono‐harmonic functions. All components of coupled field are expressed in terms of elementary functions and are convenient to use. Numerical results for cadmium selenide are given graphically by contours. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression, perceived stress, and social support among first‐time Chinese mothers and fathers in the postpartum period
Authors: Gao Ling‐ling , Chan Sally Wai‐chi , Mao Qing 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe compared the prevalence of depression in the postpartum period and its relationship with perceived stress and social support in first‐time mothers and fathers. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in mainland China with a convenience sample of 130 pairs of parents. Measures taken at 6–8 weeks after delivery included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Social Support Rating Scale. Eighteen (13.8%) of the mothers and 14 (10.8%) of the fathers were suffering from depression. No signficant differences were found in their prevalence rates. Perceived stress, social support, and partner's depression were significantly associated with depression. These findings suggest counseling, support, and routine screening for depression should be provided to both mothers and fathers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:50–58, 2009
Late effects on the urinary bladder in patients treated for cancer in childhood: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Ritchey Michael , Ferrer Fernando , Shearer Patricia , Spunt Sheri L. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChildhood cancer survivors who have had pelvic or central nervous system surgery or have received alkylator‐containing chemotherapy or pelvic radiotherapy as part of their cancer therapy may experience urinary bladder late effects. This article reviews the medical literature on long‐term bladder complications in survivors of childhood cancer and outlines the Children's Oncology Group Long‐Term Follow‐up (COG LTFU) Guidelines related to bladder function. An overview of the treatment of bladder late effects and recommended counseling for survivors with these complications are presented. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:439–446. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting the cure of thermosetting polymers: The isoconversion map
Authors: Ruiz Edu , Billotte C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe modeling of the cure kinetics is widely used to predict the progress of the chemical reaction during processing of thermosetting resins. In this study, a new technique named the “Isoconversion Map” is proposed to predict thermoset curing from a series of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses. On the basis of the isoconversion methodology, it is possible to devise a model‐free technique to predict resin conversion for a given temperature profile. In this work, the cure kinetics of an epoxy resin has been measured by dynamic DSC tests to construct the proposed “isoconversion map.” The evolution of the resin cure for a given temperature profile has been determined by applying the proposed approach and then compared with the predictions of common cure kinetics models. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
An algorithm to identify antidepressant users with a diagnosis of depression from prescription data
Authors: Gardarsdottir Helga , Egberts Antoine C. G. , van Dijk Liset , Sturkenboom Miriam C. J. M. , Heerdink Eibert R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPurposeAntidepressants are used for many indications besides depression. This makes investigating depression treatment outcomes in prescription databases problematic when the indication is unknown. The aim of our study is to develop an algorithm to identify antidepressant drug users from prescription data that suffer from depression.MethodsData for deriving the algorithm were obtained from the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice, carried out in 2001 by The Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), and for validation the Integrated Primary Care Information (IPCI) database was used. Both sets included adults receiving their first antidepressant drug in 2001 (n = 1855 and 3321, respectively). The outcome was a registered diagnosis of depression. Covariates investigated for developing the algorithm were patient and prescribing characteristics, and co‐medication.ResultsThe predictive algorithm included age, SSRI prescribed on the index date, prescribed dose, general practitioner as prescriber and the number of antidepressant prescriptions prescribed plus medication for treating acid related disorders, laxatives, cardiac therapy or hypnotics/sedatives prescribed in the 6 months prior to index date. The probability that the algorithm correctly identified an antidepressant drug user as having a depression diagnosis was 79% with a sensitivity of 79.6% and a specificity of 66.9%.ConclusionIn conclusion, we developed and validated an algorithm that can be used to compose cohorts of patients treated with antidepressants for depression from prescription databases. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prescribing of pain medication in palliative care. A survey in general practice
Authors: Borgsteede Sander D. , Deliens Luc , Zuurmond Wouter W. A. , Schellevis François G. , Willems Dick L. , Van der Wal Gerrit , van Eijk Jacques Th. M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPurposeTo examine what pain and adjuvant medication is prescribed in palliative care patients at home in The Netherlands.MethodsIn a nationwide, representative, prospective study in general practice in The Netherlands, prescribed medication was registered in 95 general practices with a listed population of 374 070 patients. The GPs identified those who received palliative care in a retrospective survey of the 2169 patients who died within the 1‐year study period. We analysed the analgesics, laxatives and anti‐emetics that were prescribed during the last 3 months of life for these patients.ResultsThe response rate of the survey was 74%. 425 patients received palliative care and 73% of them were prescribed pain medication: 55% a non‐opioid analgesic (paracetamol, NSAIDs), 21% a weak opioid (tramadol, codeine), and 51% a strong opioid. Relatively more younger than older patients were prescribed strong opioids, and more cancer than non‐cancer patients were prescribed an analgesic. During the last 3 months of life, the proportion of patients prescribed a non‐opioid or a weak opioid increased gradually. The proportion of patients prescribed a strong opioid increased considerably nearing the patient's death. About one third of the non‐cancer patients were prescribed strong opioids, mostly commencing in the last 2 weeks before death. In 48% of all patients with an opioid prescription, the GP did not prescribe a laxative.ConclusionsWeak opioids and laxatives are frequently omitted from pain regimens in palliative care at home in The Netherlands. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural, electronic, and optical properties of oligoquinolines for light‐emitting diodes
Authors: Li Lei‐Jiao , Feng Ji‐Kang , Ren Ai‐Min 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to provide an in‐depth investigation of the electronic and optical properties of a series of n‐type conjugated oligomers, including 4‐phenyl‐6‐(4‐phenylquinolin‐6‐yl)quinoline (B1), 6,6′‐bis(2,4‐diphenylquinoline) (B1PPQ), 6,6′‐bis(2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐4‐phenylquinoline) (BtBPQ), 6,6′‐bis(2‐p‐biphenyl)‐4‐phenylquinoline) (B2PPQ), and 4‐(6‐(2‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐4‐phenylquinolin‐6‐yl)‐4‐phenylquinolin‐2‐yl)benzenamine (BNPPQ). The geometric and electronic structures of the oligomers in the ground state were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and the ab initio HF, whereas the lowest singlet excited states were optimized with ab initio CIS. To assign the absorption and emission peaks observed in the experiment, we computed the energies of the lowest singlet excited states with time‐dependent (TD) DFT (TD‐DFT). All DFT calculations were performed using the B3LYP functional and the 6‐31G basis set. The results show that the HOMOs, LUMOs, energies gaps, ionization potentials and electron affinities for each molecular are significantly affected by varying the aryl substituents, which favor the hole injection into OLEDs. The absorption and emission spectra exhibit red shifts to some extent [the absorption spectra: 335.85 (B1)< 370.63 (B1PPQ) < 376.77 (BtBPQ)< 388.67 (B2PPQ)< 412.93 nm (BNPPQ); the emission spectra: 391.48 (B1)< 430.11 (B1PPQ)< 435.86 (BtBPQ)< 444.57 (B2PPQ)< 463.28nm (BNPPQ)]. The radiative lifetimes (τ) of each oligomers are calculated as well. Because of introducing the cooperation with the electron donators such as the amidocyanogen in the common 4‐phenyl‐6‐(4‐phenylquinolin‐6‐yl)quinoline core for BNPPQ, which results in improving the hole‐creating ability. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toward high‐resolution homology modeling of antibody Fv regions and application to antibody–antigen docking
Authors: Sivasubramanian Arvind , Sircar Aroop , Chaudhury Sidhartha , Gray Jeffrey J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHigh‐resolution homology models are useful in structure‐based protein engineering applications, especially when a crystallographic structure is unavailable. Here, we report the development and implementation of RosettaAntibody, a protocol for homology modeling of antibody variable regions. The protocol combines comparative modeling of canonical complementarity determining region (CDR) loop conformations and de novo loop modeling of CDR H3 conformation with simultaneous optimization of VL‐VH rigid‐body orientation and CDR backbone and side‐chain conformations. The protocol was tested on a benchmark of 54 antibody crystal structures. The median root mean square deviation (rmsd) of the antigen binding pocket comprised of all the CDR residues was 1.5 Å with 80% of the targets having an rmsd lower than 2.0 Å. The median backbone heavy atom global rmsd of the CDR H3 loop prediction was 1.6, 1.9, 2.4, 3.1, and 6.0 Å for very short (4–6 residues), short (7–9), medium (10–11), long (12–14) and very long (17–22) loops, respectively. When the set of ten top‐scoring antibody homology models are used in local ensemble docking to antigen, a moderate‐to‐high accuracy docking prediction was achieved in seven of fifteen targets. This success in computational docking with high‐resolution homology models is encouraging, but challenges still remain in modeling antibody structures for sequences with long H3 loops. This first large‐scale antibody–antigen docking study using homology models reveals the level of “functional accuracy” of these structural models toward protein engineering applications. Proteins 2009; 74:497–514. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protective effect of quercetin against ICV colchicine‐induced cognitive dysfunctions and oxidative damage in rats
Authors: Kumar Anil , Sehgal Neha , Kumar Puneet , Padi S. S. V. , Naidu P. S. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIntracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of colchicine, a microtubule‐disrupting agent, causes cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of quercetin against colchicine‐induced memory impairment and oxidative damage in rats. An i.c.v. cannula was implanted in the lateral ventricle of male Wistar rats. Colchicine was administered at dose of 15 µg/rat. Morris water maze and plus‐maze performance tests were used to assess memory tasks. Various biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, nitrite level, acetylcholinesterase and proteins were also assessed. Central administration of colchicine (15 µg/rat) showed poor retention of memory. Chronic treatment with quercetin (20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) twice daily for a period of 25 days beginning 4 days prior to colchicine injection significantly improved the colchicine‐induced cognitive impairment. Biochemical analysis revealed that i.c.v. colchicine injection significantly increased lipid peroxidation, nitrite and depleted reduced glutathione activity in the brains of rats. Chronic administration of quercetin significantly attenuated elevated lipid peroxidation and restored the depleted reduced glutathione, acetylcholinesterase activity and nitrite activity. The results of the present study clearly indicated that quercetin has a neuroprotective effect against colchicine‐induced cognitive dysfunctions and oxidative damage. This article was published online on 3 November 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print version to indicate that both have been corrected. [24 November 2008] Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable isotopes to discriminate lambs fed herbage or concentrate both obtained from C3 plants
Authors: Moreno‐Rojas Jose M. , Vasta Valentina , Lanza Alfio , Luciano Giuseppe , Ladroue Virginie , Guillou Claude , Priolo Alessandro 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis study was aimed at determining whether isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) enables us to discriminate between lambs fed herbage or concentrate, both obtained from C3 plants, and those fed a concentrate obtained from C4 plants. Thirty‐four Comisana male lambs (age 45 days) were assigned to three feeding treatments. Fourteen lambs were fed vetch (Vicia sativa) ad libitum. Another fourteen lambs received a barley‐based concentrate. The remaining six lambs were fed a maize‐based concentrate. After 60 days of experimental treatment the animals were slaughtered and the wool, perirenal fat and muscle longissimus dorsi were sampled. The δ13C and δ15N values of the muscle, wool and feed were measured by continuous flow elemental analysis (CF‐EA)‐IRMS. The δ13C of the fat was determined likewise. The isotopic composition of the tissues reflected that of the three diets. For the lambs which were fed herbage the muscle δ13C values were higher (P < 0.0005) and δ15N values were lower (P < 0.0005) than those of the lambs receiving concentrates. The δ15N and δ13C values in the muscle and δ13C values in the adipose tissue allowed perfect discrimination between the lambs fed the three different diets. The regression between the δ13C values measured in muscle and in wool of lambs was linear (R2 = 0.99; P < 0.0005). This result shows that δ13C measured in the wool can predict muscle δ13C distribution, suggesting that wool is a valuable matrix for meat authentication. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable isotope ratio analysis as a tool to discriminate between rainbow trout (O. mykiss) fed diets based on plant or fish‐meal proteins
Authors: Moreno‐Rojas J. M. , Tulli F. , Messina M. , Tibaldi E. , Guillou C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe use of stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) as a rapid analytical tool to characterize and discriminate farmed fish on the basis of the feedstuffs included in the diet formulation is discussed. Two isoproteic (44.8%) and isolipidic (19.6%) extruded diets were formulated: a fish‐meal‐based diet (FM diet), containing fish meal as the sole protein source; a plant‐protein‐based diet (PP diet), where pea protein concentrate and wheat gluten meal replaced 80% of fish meal protein. The diets were fed to eight groups of rainbow trout (initial body weight: 106.6g) for 103 days in two daily meals under controlled rearing conditions. Growth performance (final body weight: 318.5 g; specific growth rate: 1.06%) and feed‐to‐gain ratio (0.79) were not affected by the dietary treatment. The differences in isotopic values of the two diets were clearly reflected in the different carbon and nitrogen isotopic values in rainbow trout fillets. The δ13C and δ15N values of muscle of farmed rainbow trout showed differences between farmed fish fed a fish‐protein‐based diet (−20.47 ± 0.34 and 12.38 ± 0.57 for δ13C and δ15N, respectively) and those fed a plant‐protein‐based diet (−23.96 ± 0.38 and 7.15 ± 0.51 for δ13C and δ15N, respectively). The results suggest that SIRA provides a robust and verifiable analytical tool to discriminate between fish fed on a plant or a fish protein diet. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterisation of varnishes used in violins by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Chiavari Giuseppe , Montalbani Simona , Otero Vanessa 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe correct characterisation and a detailed knowledge of the materials originally used in violin varnishes, like natural resins, is crucial for the conservation in museums and for a suitable restoration technique. The study presented here reports on the potential of pyrolysis (Py) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) for the identification of chemical markers of each resin; this tecnique is very sensitive and selective, it needs a small quantity of sample and does not require chemical treatments. To improve the chromatographic behaviour of polar compounds the derivatising agent tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) in combination with pyrolysis has been used, in the so‐called TMAH thermochemolysis or thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM), or more simply pyrolysis‐methylation. The natural resins studied were colophony, sandarac, manila copal, elemi, amber and benzoin, mainly composed of terpenic compounds, with the exception of the latter, composed of aromatic compounds. Many compounds were identified; in particular, methyl esters of resinous acids that, individually or in a group, can be used as chemical markers. However, through this technique it was not possible to distinguish between the sandarac and manila copal resins because their chromatographic behaviour is very similar. Finally, the procedure applied has been employed in the characterisation of original varnish samples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On‐line preconcentration and quantitative analysis of peptide hormone of brain and intestine using on‐column transient isotachophoresis coupled with capillary electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Xia Shifei , Zhang Lan , Qiu Bin , Lu Minghua , Chi Yuwu , Chen Guonan 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA new approach was described to achieve very sensitive analysis of peptide hormone of brain and intestine by capillary electrophoresis coupled with a transient isotachophoresis (tITP) preconcentration method. The system used was electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) as detector and equipped with a sheath flow configuration. The effects of sample matrix, pH and concentration of leading electrolyte (LE), sample injection time, and ESI‐MS instrumental parameters on the efficiency of the sample stacking were investigated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, lower than micromole (0.01 µM) concentrations of the peptides were easily detected. Compared to traditional hydrodynamic injection methods, about 40–230‐fold increase in detection sensitivity was obtained by this technique. A distinguishing feature of the described approach is that the background electrolyte can serve as terminating electrolyte (TE), which simplifies the process of the experiments. The method was further evaluated by the analysis of low concentration active peptide mixtures spiked in hypothalamus tissue of the rat. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry screening for pseudouridine in mixtures of small RNAs by chemical derivatization, RNase digestion and signature products
Authors: Durairaj Anita , Limbach Patrick A. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe have developed a method to screen for pseudouridines in complex mixtures of small RNAs using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS). First, the unfractionated crude mixture of tRNAs is digested to completion with an endoribonuclease, such as RNase T1, and the digestion products are examined using MALDI‐MS. Individual RNAs are identified by their signature digestion products, which arise through the detection of unique mass values after nuclease digestion. Next, the endonuclease digest is derivatized using N‐cyclohexyl‐N′‐(2‐morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho‐p‐toluenesulfonate (CMCT), which selectively modifies all pseudouridine, thiouridine and 2‐methylthio‐6‐isopentenyladenosine nucleosides. MALDI‐MS determination of the CMCT‐derivatized endonuclease digest reveals the presence of pseudouridine through a 252 Da mass increase over the underivatized digest. Proof‐of‐concept experiments were conducted using a mixture of Escherichia coli transfer RNAs and endoribonucleases T1 and A. More than 80% of the expected pseudouridines from this mixture were detected using this screening approach, even on an unfractionated sample of tRNAs. This approach should be particularly useful in the identification of putative pseudouridine synthases through detection of their target RNAs and can provide insight into specific small RNAs that may contain pseudouridine. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the rapamycin‐sensitive phosphorylation sites within the Ser/Thr‐rich domain of the yeast Npr1 protein kinase
Authors: Gander Stefan , Bonenfant Debora , Altermatt Patrick , Martin Dietmar E. , Hauri Simon , Moes Suzette , Hall Michael N. , Jenoe Paul 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe Saccharomyces cerevisae nitrogen permease reactivator Npr1 is a hyperphosphorylated protein that belongs to a fungus‐specific family of Ser/Thr protein kinases dedicated to the regulation of plasma membrane transporters. Its activity is regulated by the TOR (target of rapamycin) signalling pathway. Inhibition of the TOR proteins by treating yeast cells with the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin promotes rapid dephosphorylation of Npr1. To identify the rapamycin‐sensitive phosphorylation sites in yeast Npr1, glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST)‐tagged Npr1 was isolated from untreated or rapamycin‐treated cells, and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Here, we report for the first time 22 phosphorylation sites that are clustered in two regions of the N‐terminal serine‐rich domain. All phosphorylation sites, except two, were found to be rapamycin‐sensitive. Some phosphorylation sites are contained in motifs that closely resemble those in mammalian S6K (serines followed by a tyrosine or a phenylalanine) and 4E‐BP1 (serines followed by a proline). Other sites, such as serines followed by Ala, Asn, Gln, His, Ile, Leu, or Val, appear to define new motifs. Thus, TOR controls an unusually broad array of phosphorylation sites in Npr1. In addition to phosphorylation by upstream kinases, Npr1 undergoes autophosphorylation that was mapped to three distinct serines in the N‐terminal domain of which Ser257 appears to be the main autophosphorylation site. Site‐directed mutagenesis confirmed the mass spectral assignments of the autophosphorylation sites and shows that Ser257 is specifically involved in forming an in vitro substrate‐binding site. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.