bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical mode decomposition to assess cardiovascular autonomic control in rats
Authors: De Souza Neto Edmundo Pereira , Abry Patrice , Loiseau Patrick , Cejka Jean Christophe , Custaud Marc Antoine , Frutoso Jean , Gharib Claude , Flandrin Patrick 
Published: May 2007

AbstractHeart beat rate and blood pressure, together with baroreflex sensitivity, have become important tools in assessing cardiac autonomic system control and in studying sympathovagal balance. These analyses are usually performed thanks to spectral indices computed from standard spectral analysis techniques. However, standard spectral analysis and its corresponding rigid band‐pass filter formulation suffer from two major drawbacks. It can be significantly distorted by non‐stationarity issues and it proves unable to adjust to natural intra‐ and inter‐individual variability. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), a tool recently introduced in the literature, provides us with a signal‐adaptive decomposition that proves useful for the analysis of non‐stationary data and shows a strong capability to precisely adjust to the spectral content of the analyzed data. It is based on the concept that any complicated set of data can be decomposed into a finite number of components, called intrinsic mode functions, associated with different spectral contributions. The aims of this study were twofold. First, we studied the changes in the sympathovagal balance induced by various pharmacological blockades (phentolamine, atropine and atenolol) of the autonomic nervous system in normotensive rats. Secondly, we assessed the use of EMD for the analysis of the cardiac sympathovagal balance after pharmacological injections. For this, we developed a new (EMD‐based) low frequency vs. high frequency spectral decomposition of heart beat variability and systolic blood pressure, we define the corresponding EMD spectral indices and study their relevance to detect and analyze changes accurately in the sympathovagal balance without having recourse to any a priori fixed high‐pass/low‐pass filters.
Central fatigue of the first dorsal interosseous muscle during low‐force and high‐force sustained submaximal contractions
Authors: Eichelberger Tamara D. , Bilodeau Martin 
Published: May 2007

SummaryThe aim of this study was to compare the extent of central fatigue in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle of healthy adults in low, moderate and high‐force submaximal contractions. Nine healthy adults completed four experimental sessions where index finger abduction force was recorded during voluntary contractions and in response to brief trains (five pulses at 100 Hz) of electrical stimulation. The ability to maximally activate FDI under volition, or voluntary activation, and its change with sustained activity (central fatigue) was assessed using the twitch interpolation technique. The fatigue tasks consisted of continuous isometric index finger abduction contractions held until exhaustion at four target force levels: 30%, 45%, 60% and 75% of the maximal voluntary contraction. The main finding was the presence of central fatigue for the 30% task, but not for the three other fatigue tasks. The extent of central fatigue was also associated with changes in a measure reflecting the status of peripheral structures/mechanisms. It appears that central fatigue contributed to task failure for the lowest force fatigue task (30%), but not for the other (higher) contraction intensities.
Soft‐tissue perineurioma in a 20‐year‐old patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1): report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: Ausmus Gregory G. , Piliang Melissa P. , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Goldblum John R. 
Published: May 2007

Background:  Perineurioma is a rare benign soft‐tissue tumor composed of cells showing differentiation toward the perineurial cells of the nerve sheath. Although mutations in the neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) gene have been documented in this tumor, there is no known association between perineuriomas and type 1 or 2 NF.Methods:  This is the first report of a case of soft‐tissue perineurioma occurring in a patient with NF1.Results:  Histopathologic examination revealed a 2.0‐cm well‐circumscribed, spindle‐cell neoplasm with slender, elongated, bipolar, wavy cytoplasmic processes and wavy, elongated nuclei in a hyalinized stroma with focal myxoid areas. The architecture was composed predominantly of short fascicles with areas exhibiting a storiform pattern. Immunohistochemistry showed positive labeling for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) but no staining for S‐100 and smooth muscle actin (SMA).Conclusion:  This case illustrates that perineurioma can occur in association with NF1. Perineuriomas can be confused with other spindle‐cell neoplasms, and relevant features and immunohistochemistry of these lesions are outlined. The patient has not had a recurrence with limited follow‐up.
Dysplastic nevi with an underlying or juxtaposed neurofibroma: does a relationship exist?
Authors: Maize John C , Burch Hunter W 
Published: May 2007

Background:  Neurofibromas and dysplastic nevi are both common skin disorders found in the general population. The cells in both of these neoplasms are derived from neural crest. There are no published reports of these two lesions occurring in juxtaposition.Objective:  We report, for the first time, three cases of dysplastic nevi in spatial association with a neurofibroma that occurred in unrelated individuals.Methods and results:  Three cases of dysplastic nevi occurring in association with solitary neurofibromas were selected prospectively from the routine accessions from August 1, 2003, to July 31, 2005. In none of the three cases, was a dysplastic nevus suspected by the clinician.Conclusion:  The finding of dysplastic nevi in a spatial relationship to a neurofibroma is not happenstance since they are both of neural crest cell origin and respond to the same growth factors. It is our belief that these lesions are related and may occur together more often than reported.
Alpha‐v‐beta3 integrin expression in melanocytic nevi and cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Neto Dante Simionato , Pantaleão Luciana , De Sá Bianca Costa Soares , Landman Gilles 
Published: May 2007

Background:  Alpha‐v‐beta3 integrin (αvβ3) is a vitronectin ligand and plays an important role in melanoma progression.Objectives:  The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expression of αvβ3 in superficial spreading cutaneous melanoma, in both conventional and tissue microarray (TMA) paraffin‐embedded‐tissue specimens, and correlate with histopathological variables and patient survival.Material and methods:  A total of 159 tissue samples from compound nevi (n = 19), in situ melanoma (n = 5), thin melanoma (n = 34), thick melanoma (n = 72) and metastatic melanoma (n = 29) were studied.Results:  Compound nevus epithelioid cells had a mild expression of αvβ3. In situ melanoma cells had the highest expression among all specimens, when compared to nevi (p = 0.0000) and to invasive melanoma (p = 0.0003). Expression of αvβ3 did not differ according to depth of invasion or did it increase in metastatic cells.Conclusion:  Our results suggested that αvβ3 integrin might have no impact on melanoma behavior. However, high levels of αvβ3‐integrin expression for in situ melanoma may be related to pre‐invasive phenotype with marked potential to invade.
A study of CD117 expression in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and cellular dermatofibroma
Authors: Labonte Sebastien , Hanna Wedad , Bandarchi‐Chamkhaleh Bizhan 
Published: May 2007

Background:  Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a relatively uncommon spindle cell tumor of the skin. It is locally aggressive and can be a therapeutic challenge. There are case reports of partial response of DFSP to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 (Imatinib), despite the reported negativity of the tumor cells for CD117. At least one publication reported focal CD117 positivity of DFSP cells, and we would like to clarify the issue. Cellular dermatofibroma (CDF) can mimic DFSP, but typical cases are easily differentiated from DFSP by their staining pattern for CD34 and factor 13a. We also report our experience with CD117 staining of typical CDFs.Methods:  Thirty‐seven cases of clear‐cut DFSP and 13 cases of clear‐cut CDF were retrieved from the archives of Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center between 2000 and 2005.Results:  All DFSPs were CD34 (+), factor 13a (−) and CD117 (−). All CDFs were factor 13a (+), CD34 (−) and CD117 (−).Conclusions:  Our study on a relatively large number of cases confirms the negativity of DFSP and CDF for CD117. Therefore, if adjuvant therapy is attempted with drugs such as STI571 (Imatinib), the eligibility of patients should not be based on immunohistochemical assessment of CD117 expression.
Blood biochemical indicators in young and adult Cebus apella of both sexes
Authors: Núñez H. , Araya M. , Cisternas F. , Arredondo M. , Méndez M. , Pizarro F. , Ortiz A. , Ortiz R. , Olivares M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground  A frequent drawback in physiology of non‐human primates is that normal values for a variety of indicators (haematological, biochemical and others) are scant.Methods  We report here the blood values in a series of 92 healthy Cebus apella (divided by sex, age and pregnancy status). Health check‐ups indicated that animals were healthy for the month prior to and after the sampling. Dietary intake was estimated on the basis of two semi‐balance studies.Results  Values of haematological indicators, serum LDH activity, micronutrient indicators (serum copper, iron and serum ceruloplasmin concentrations, Zn–Cu‐superoxide dismutase activity in erythrocytes) agreed with previous results and provide some values that were not available. Activities of liver enzymes were lower than some previously reported.Conclusions  These results provide valuable information that help understanding the physiology of C. apella.
Secondary sexual coloration and CSF 5‐HIAA are correlated in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus)
Authors: Gerald M.S. , McGuire M.T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackground Identifying indirect markers of the physiology or neuroendocrinology of a primate can provide a powerful tool to scientists. Anecdotal descriptions and recent experimental evidence suggests that the colorful sexual skin in adult male vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus) might be sensitive to social changes, including dominance relationships, which could be related to serotonergic activity. The present study examined whether individual differences in scrotal coloration were related to cisternal cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid (CSF 5‐HIAA) in a captive population of vervet monkeys.Results Darkly colored males had relatively higher CSF 5‐HIAA concentrations than paler males, and scrotal color hue was also related CSF 5‐HIAA concentrations.Conclusions These preliminary data are compatible with the hypothesis that scrotal coloration serves as an indirect marker of serotonergic activity. These findings suggest that color assessments might be useful to consider for study design, as well as for animal welfare and captive management.
A model of cometary outbursts based on the idea of fragmentation of ice grains
Authors: Gronkowski P. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
In this Letter the mechanism of destruction of ice grains as the cause of cometary outbursts and variations of brightness is reviewed. Such destruction can arise from the combination of two causes: inclusions of chemical compounds that are much more volatile than water-ice placed inside cometary water-ice grains; and the influence of the solar wind on such heterogeneous grains. Numerical calculations have been carried out for a large range of values of probable physical characteristics of cometary material. This approach gives a simulated increase in the cometary brightness that is consistent with the observed one. It is concluded that this mechanism is a probable and real explanation of the sudden activity of comets at a wide range of heliocentric distances.
CONTENT OF BASIC COMPONENTS AND VOLATILE OILS IN GREEN DILL AS DEPENDING ON THE HEIGHT AND USABLE PARTS OF PLANTS
Authors: LISIEWSKA ZOFIA , KMIECIK WALDEMAR , SŁUPSKI JACEK 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to establish the content of basic chemical components (dry matter, ash, reducing sugars, total sugars, starch, dietary fiber, total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity) and volatile oils in dill plants. The investigated material consisted of the following parts of dill plants: leaf blade, petiole, whole leaf, stem and whole plants harvested at the plant height of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 cm. Differences in the level of the analyzed components depending on the part of dill plants to a great degree exceeded these depending on the plant height. The highest content of all components was ascertained in the leaf blade. The smallest contents of dry matter, ash, starch, dietary fiber, total nitrogen and protein nitrogen, total acids and L‐ascorbic acid were found in the stem, and of sugars and volatile oils in the petiole. With the growth of plants, all analyses showed decreasing tendencies in the content of ash, total nitrogen and protein nitrogen, variation in the level of dry matter, sugars, starch and L‐ascorbic acid, and an increasing tendency in the content of dietary fiber, total acids and volatile oils, with the exception of stems, where the level of volatile oils was stable.
DETERMINATION OF BENZO(a)PYRENE IN VEGETABLE OILS BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: GÜLTEN ŞEKEROĞLU , GÖĞÜŞ FAHRETTIN , FADILOĞLU SIBEL 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Analysis of 40 oil samples showed that 38 of them were contaminated with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). Thirty of the 38 BaP‐contaminated edible oil samples did not have any label of a brand name. BaP content for the 38 contaminated edible oil samples were in the range of 1.22–74.89 ppb. Sixteen of the contaminated oil samples had BaP content of more than 10 ppb, which is the maximum tolerable limit for the Turkish Food Codex Regulation. BaP contents of samples for each type of oil were significantly different (P < 0.05) from each other.
QUALITY AND CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF AKARA (FRIED COWPEA PASTE) PROCESSED FROM WET‐ AND DRY‐MILLED COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) MEAL WITH SPECIFIED PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Authors: VANCHINA MELISSA A. , CHINNAN MANJEET S. , MCWATTERS KAY H. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Direct quality indicators of cowpea paste and akara produced from traditionally wet‐milled peas, and hammer‐milled (dry‐milled) and freeze‐dried (wet‐milled) meals were examined in this study. Both meal samples studied were formulated to consist of 65% medium‐sized particles and 35% large particles by weight. Particle volume mean diameters (µm) of the three paste samples were not significantly different from one another at the various stages during akara production. Scanning electron micrographs of akara crumb were converted to threshold images and analyzed. There was no significant difference in the amount of air found in the akara samples. Akara produced from both meals was found acceptable by sensory panelists with no significant difference in any of the attributes or overall liking among the three samples.
VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS OF ORANGE WINE OBTAINED FROM MORO ORANGES (CITRUS SINENSIS[L.] OSBECK)
Authors: SELLI SERKAN 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT The volatile constituents of blood orange wine were determined. Moro variety (Citrus sinensis[L.] Osbeck) was used for the production of wine. The fermentation was performed spontaneously at 20C. Volatile components were extracted with dichloromethane, and analyzed by gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 64 volatiles, including higher alcohols (20), esters (13), terpenes (11), acids (7), volatile phenols (6), lactones (2), acetal compounds (2), ketone (1), aldehyde (1) and acetoin (1) were identified in wine. The total amount of volatile compounds was 125.0 mg/L. Higher alcohols and esters were the largest groups and made up more than 86% of the volatiles.
QUALITY OF FLAVORED YOGURT CONTAINING ADDED COFFEE AND SUGAR
Authors: TAN GÜRDAL , KOREL FİGEN 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Yogurts flavored with instant coffee (0.5, 0.7 and 0.9%) and sweetened with sugar (4 or 5%) and a control yogurt (no coffee or sugar) were evaluated for chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory properties. The added ingredients generally had no effect on the chemical, physical and microbiological quality of yogurts at day 1 after preparation as compared to the control. During 15 days at 5–7C, pH and lactic acid bacteria counts decreased (P < 0.05) and titratable acidity increased (P < 0.05) in all samples. Yogurts with 0.5% coffee flavoring and 4 and 5% sugar met Turkish Institute Standards for yogurt sensory quality when evaluated by a trained 10‐member panel. Yogurt flavored with 0.5% coffee and containing 5% sugar had most attributes rated in the “like” category by 50% or more of 51 consumer panelists.
BRAZILIAN HULL‐LESS AND MALTING BARLEY GENOTYPES: I. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: SOARES R.M.D. , DE FRANCISCO A. , RAYAS‐DUARTE P. , SOLDI V. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Barley represents an important source of total dietary fiber (TDF) and β‐glucans. The chemical composition and partial characterization of two Brazilian barley experimental lines, hull‐less and malting, are reported. The range in diameter of the A‐ and B‐type granules was similar in both barley lines, 15 to 28 µm and 8 to 10 µm, respectively. Higher values for total starch, damage starch, ash, TDF and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) were observed in the malting line while β‐glucan content was similar in both samples. The malting barley line had higher values of total isolated starch, as well as residual protein and total lipids in starch. The starch from the hull‐less barley line had lower swelling power and higher solubility than malting barley.
BRAZILIAN HULL‐LESS AND MALTING BARLEY GENOTYPES: II. THERMAL AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF STARCH
Authors: SOARES R.M.D. , DE FRANCISCO A. , RAYAS‐DUARTE P. , SOLDI V. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Thermal and rheological properties of starch isolated from two Brazilian barley experimental lines, malting and hull‐less, are reported. Gelatinization's thermal properties were To 53.3 and 58C, Tp 59.4 and 62.7C, and ΔH 6 and 6.8 J/g for the malting and hull‐less starch, respectively. A trend to slightly higher retrogradation rates were obtained for the malting (73.3%) compared with the hull‐less (72.1%) starch, while lower hot‐paste peak and final viscosity were observed in the former (125 and 114 RVU versus 169 and 179 RVU, respectively). Changes in storage (G′) and loss (G″) moduli during heating and cooling showed higher values for the starch from the hull‐less line. During heating, G′was higher than G″and developed at higher temperatures. A trimodal distribution pattern of G″was observed in the starch from the hull‐less barley line. Two G′peaks at 75 and 87.5C were 6.2 and 2.4 times higher, respectively, in the starch from the hull‐less line than that from the malting line.
THERMAL AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSGLUTAMINASE‐CROSSLINKED WHEAT GLUTEN IN TRIS‐HCl*
Authors: MOHAMED ABDELLATIF , GORDON SHERALD H. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT Wheat gluten (10 g) was crosslinked (XL) using 10 units of transglutaminase (TG) in 2 L 0.1 M TRIS‐HCl, pH 7.5. The suspension was stirred for 24 h at 40C and freeze‐dried as‐is or dialyzed and then freeze‐dried. The XL material was tested using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), where 25–30 mg was placed in a stainless steel pan and heated from 20 to 200C at 7C/min. The samples were subjected to three heating and cooling cycles. The MDSC data of the undialyzed sample showed two endothermic transitions during the first cycle and an exothermic followed by an endothermic transition on the second cycle. Further analysis showed that the two transitions of the first cycle are the melting of the TRIS. The first cycle of the dialyzed sample displayed two glass transitions at 46.0C with 0.11 J/g/C and 130.0C with 0.29 J/g/C, followed by an exothermic transition at 120.7C onset, 150.6C peak with 14.8 J/g ΔH. The second cycle of the dialyzed material showed one broad glass transition at 97.3C and 0.495 J/g/C. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed differences between crosslinked and uncrosslinked gluten and provided spectral evidence of molecular interaction between gluten and TRIS.
CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF “FARM RAISED” PRECOOKED ROAST BEEF
Authors: HERRING JOSHUA L. , MARTIN JAMES M. , HUDSON M. DARREN , NALLEY L. LANIER , ROGERS ROBERT W. 
Published: May 2007

ABSTRACT A store intercept consumer survey was used to examine consumer willingness to pay for a marinated, precooked roast beef product produced from “farm raised” cattle fed a predominantly forage‐based diet. Consumers were asked to participate and, if they agreed, were provided with a sample of the precooked product. They were asked to compare this product with an existing similar product at various price levels. The data collected suggest there is a consumer willingness to pay premium prices for “farm raised” precooked roast beef. Therefore, creative retail positioning of value‐added, convenient, precooked beef products from forage‐fed cattle could result in increased consumer awareness of the easy convenience of these products, capitalize on the apparent emerging market for forage‐fed beef and potentially increase the overall demand for beef.
Process selection for sanitation systems and wastewater treatment in refugee camps during disaster‐relief situations
Authors: Fenner R. A. , Guthrie P. M. , Piano E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDisasters and emergency situations can disrupt the provision of clean water and hygienic sanitation, which are crucial for maintaining public health. Excreta disposal in emergencies has often been a low priority and this has led to the provision of unsuitable on‐site sanitation systems in urban areas. A decision algorithm for the selection of adequate excreta‐disposal solutions suitable for different disaster‐relief scenarios is presented. The special requirements of a wastewater treatment system for deployment during an emergency are discussed and a semi‐centralised system is recommended to serve 5000 refugees under a range of assumed loading conditions. Twenty‐three aerobic, anaerobic and natural systems are considered for secondary treatment and a process‐selection matrix is presented based around 16 evaluation criteria. A system layout is developed based around several sanitation facilities including sedimentation tanks connected to a centralised roughing trickling filter and an activated sludge unit, which provides optimal performance against the evaluation criteria. The system provides the required treatment performance in an easy‐to‐deploy, low‐cost compact installation.