bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nasopharyngeal cicatrices in horses: 47 cases (1972–1985)
Authors: Schumacher J. , hanselka D. V. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Nasopharyngeal cicatrices were observed endoscopically in 47 horses examined because of abnormal respiratory noises and/or exercise intolerance. A review of these cases revealed a correlation between cicatrization and age, sex, and the presence of other upper airway abnormalities. The age of affected horses ranged from 6 to 21 years, with a mean age of 12.7 ± 7.8 (± 2 sd) years. Females were affected 2.7 times more frequently than males. Abnormalities commonly observed with a nasopharyngeal cicatrix included chondritis of the arytenoid cartilage, epiglottic deformity, and deformity of the guttural pouch openings. The nasopharyngeal cicatrix was responsible for respiratory obstruction in only 3 horses. Treatment for the cicatrix was not performed on any horse in this series. Generalized nasopharyngeal and laryngeal inflammation were postulated as causes of the cicatrices and associated abnormalities.
Dog interaction with persons receiving institutional geriatric care
Authors: Neer Charles A. , Dorn C. Richard , Grayson Ira 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A prospective study of 66 geriatric residents in 2 facilities was conducted to quantitate people-dog interactions. Residents were assigned randomly to sessions with dog activity and to sessions with other activity in a crossover design. This study involved a 12-week prestudy activity period and two 12-week activity periods, one before crossover and one after crossover. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures, psychologic evaluation of case histories, and other health and social variables were measured on all residents for dog activity and other combinations of programmed activity sessions. Frequence of attendance in both facilities was higher at dog activity sessions than at other activity sessions (P<0.01). Resident systolic blood pressures were lower in one facility during dog activity (P<0.02). Combined pre and postactivity systolic and diastolic blood pressures at the same facility were lower when residents had 12 weeks of dog activity before 12 weeks of other activity (P<0.04). There were no significant differences in residents' blood pressures between measurements before and after dog activity (treatment mode) or between measurements before and after other activity. Psychologic scores of residents in both facilities were not significantly different between periods of the study. Of the 9 types of interaction between the residents and the dog, grooming and touching were the 2 most commonly used by residents.
Radiotherapy of malignant nasal tumors in 67 dogs
Authors: Adams William M. , Withrow Stephen J. , Walshaw Richard , Turrell Jane M. , Evans Sydney M. , Walker Michael A. , Kurzman Ilene D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The nasal cavity of 67 dogs with malignant nasal neoplasia was treated with radiation. Preirradiation surgical cytoreduction of the tumor was done in 41 dogs. Fifty dogs were irradiated by use of 10 fractions over 22 days, and 17 dogs were given a similar total dose in 5 fractions over 35 days.
The range of survival times (0.5 to 42 months), median survival time (8.5 months), and 1- and 2-year survival rates (38% and 30%, respectively) were better than those expected for other methods of treatment. Serious complications were few (4%).
Survival times for dogs were determined on the basis of histologic tumor type and on the basis of megavoltage (cobalt or linear accelerator) vs softer deep radiation (cesium or orthovoltage) treatment, with or without cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of 10 dogs given softer radiation without surgery were shorter than those of 14 dogs that were given softer radiation and had cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of dogs that were given softer radiation and had surgery were similar to those of dogs that were given megavoltage radiation only. Cytoreductive surgery did not improve survival times for dogs that were given megavoltage radiation. Median survival time for 38 dogs with adenocarcinoma was 12 months, compared with 6 months for 14 dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Median survival time for 16 dogs with a variety of sarcomas was 11.2 months. Survival times of dogs with adenocarcinoma or sarcoma were significantly better (P<0.02 or 0.03) than for dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Necropsies were performed on 27 of 58 dogs that died or were euthanatized. Metastases were found in 41% of those necropsied; lungs and regional lymph nodes were the most common sites affected.
Surgery before radiation appeared to be important to the efficacy of softer deep radiation treatment for nasal tumors. The population with the longest median survival (15.2 months) was the 21 dogs with adenocarcinoma that had cytoreductive surgery and softer deep radiation.
Use of an external skeletal fixation device and bone graft for arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint in horses
Authors: Richardson Dean W. , Nunamaker David M. , Sigafoos Robert D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint was attempted in 9 adult horses, using a new external skeletal fixation device and autogenous cancellous bone graft. Four horses had excellent results, 2 horses had fair results, arthrodesis failed in 2 horses, and 1 horse fractured the third metacarpal bone. The advantages of the technique included minimal surgical trauma to the area of injury, immediate rigid fixation of the metacarpophalangeal joint, and access for treatment of soft-tissue lesions at the site of injury. Although pin loosening and pin-track infection were complications when the device was in place, all pin tracks healed without complications after device removal.
Prevalence of Fascioloides magna in cattle and deer in Michigan
Authors: van Veen T. W. Schillhorn 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A survey among 1.12 million cattle slaughtered in 357 packing plants in Michigan during 1977 to 1981 was conducted to determine the prevalence of liver fluke infection. The condemnation rate of liver fluke-infected livers was 0.41, 3.7, and 13.9% in the southern, northern-lower, and upper regions of Michigan, respectively. The same trend in infection rates was observed in white-tailed deer that had been examined in diagnostic laboratories in the state. A serologic survey among 50 randomly selected dairy farms detected Fascioloides antibody-carrying cattle in 3 farms. The data on prevalence in slaughter cattle were slightly biased, because many slaughter cattle originated from other states in which F magna may be less common.
Isolation of l-form variants after antibiotic treatment in Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis
Authors: Sears P. M. , Fettinger M. , Marsh-Salin J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
An unstable l-form of Staphylococcus aureus was identified in milk samples from 3 quarters of 2 cows after treatment with cloxacillin. Milk samples incubated on standard 5% blood agar plates were culture-negative for 7 to 30 days after treatment, but S aureus was reisolated in 80% of 66 samples by additional culturing on enriched l-form media when incubated in 10% CO2 at 37 C. The organism was identified at various phases of reversion of l-form agar and was confirmed on transfer to blood agar plates.
Colorectal adenocarcinoma in dogs: 78 cases (1973–1984)
Authors: Church Edgar M. , Mehlhaff Cheryl J. , Patnaik Amiya K. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Colorectal adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 78 dogs. Clinical signs in all 78 dogs included tenesmus, hematochezia, and dyschezia; most ofthe dogs had clinical signs ≤12 weeks before examination. Ultimately, most dogs were euthanatized because of the severity of clinical signs. Proctoscopy and colonoscopy were essential for complete assessment of extent of disease. Tumors were classified by gross appearance and included single, pedunculated masses, 2 or more nodular masses, and annular or intraluminal masses. In dogs in which survival time was compared with location and gross appearance of the tumor, dogs with annular masses had the shortest mean survival time (1.6 months), and dogs with single, pedunculated, polypoid tumors had the longest mean survival time (32 months). The rectum was a more common site than the colon, with 48.2% of the tumors developing in the middle portion of the rectum. Six different modes of surgical treatment were used, depending on the location and type of mass. Dogs that did not have surgical treatment had a mean survival time of 15 months. Mean survival time in the surgically treated dogs varied slightly according to mode of treatment; they survived 7 to 9 months longer than the untreated dogs. Dogs that underwent cryosurgery and local excision had the longest survival times (24 and 22 months, respectively). Statistical analysis disclosed a significantly longer survival time for dogs treated by excision or cryosurgery, as opposed to dogs undergoing biopsy only (P = 0.0001). Statistical difference in survival times was not found between dogs that had mass excision and those that had cryosurgery.
Pseudomonas mastitis: Difficulties in Detection and elimination from contaminated wash-water systems
Authors: Erskine R. J. , Unflat J. G. , Eberhart R. J. , Hutchinson L. J. , Hicks C. R. , Spencer S. B. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Histories of 4 dairy herds with increased incidence of Pseudomonas mastitis associated with contaminated wash hoses in milking parlors are described. Problems of detection and elimination of the organism from contaminated water sources and the inadequacy of iodide germicides in eliminating Pseudomonas are discussed. In problem herds, greater numbers of organisms often are found in the water left standing in the wash hoses between milkings. Thus, flushing of hoses before their use in the milking process may be beneficial in reducing exposure of the cows to the organism.
Serum neutralizing antibody titers in dairy cattle administered an inactivated vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine
Authors: Gearhart M. A. , Webb P. A. , Knight A. P. , Salman M. D. , Smith J. A. , Erickson G. A. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Two doses of a formalin-killed, cell culture-derived vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv)-New Jersey serotype vaccine were administered intramuscularly, 30 days apart, to all lactating and nonlactating cows in a 350-cow dairy herd. Serum specimens were obtained serially from 96 cows before vaccination and at 30, 52 and 80 days after vaccination and from 24 of these cows 175 days after vaccination. Serum neutralizing antibody titers to vsv-New Jersey serotype were determined from serum-dilution, plaque-reduction tests. Serum neutralizing antibody titers also were determined during the same period for 67 nonvaccinated heifers in the herd. Peak group geometric mean serum neutralizing antibody titers of 1:530.46 ± 1.14 (group geometric mean titer log10, 2.725 ± 0.055) developed 21 days after the second vaccination, but decreased to a low value of 1:65.36 ± 1.38 (group geometric mean titer log10, 1.815 ±0.142) by 175 days after vaccination. The nonvaccinated group had no detectable antibody titer to vsv-New Jersey serotype throughout the study. All serum specimens from the vaccinates and controls were negative for heterologous reactivity to vsv-lndiana serotype.
Lameness attributable to osteochondral fragmentation of the Plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx in horses: 19 Cases (1981-1985)
Authors: Barclay William P. , Foerner Joseph J. , Phillips Thomas N. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Osteochondral fragmentation of the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx was diagnosed as a cause of hind limb lameness in 19 horses. The lameness was evident at the upper levels of the horses’ performance capabilities, and was isolated to the metatarsophalangeal joints by use of intra-articular or regional anesthesia. Fragments were surgically removed from 10 horses that later returned to full use. Seven horses were treated intra-articularly with polysulfated glycosaminoglycans or corticosteroids; only one horse was able to return to full use. One horse was retired from work at the time of diagnosis. Surgery appeared to be the most effective treatment for osteochondral fragmentation of the plantar aspect of the proximal phalanx, although medical treatment combined with a decrease in the horses’ expected performance also was believed to be useful.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of renal parenchymal diseases in dogs: 32 cases (1981-1986)
Authors: Walter P. A. , Feeney D. A. , Johnston G. R. , O'Leary T. P. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The medical records of 32 dogs with microscopically proven renal parenchymal disease were evaluated to characterize the associated ultrasonographic patterns and to assess the contribution of ultrasonography to the diagnosis and management in each case. Ultrasonography provided additional information on internal renal architecture in 18 dogs with radiographic evidence of structural abnormality. Ultrasonography determined the renal origin of 2 abdominal masses, defined the extent and distribution of neoplastic disease in 6 dogs, and identified kidneys not seen on survey radiographs or excretory urograms in 5 dogs because of decreased abdominal contrast or poor function.
The ultrasonographic patterns were most specific for focal and multifocal or diffuse neoplasia. Ultrasonographic findings were least specific for diffuse parenchymal disease without architectural disruption such as glomerulo/interstitial nephritis, renal tubular necrosis, and nephrocalcinosis. In these cases, biopsy was recommended.
Six interpretive errors were made. Four of these errors were related to the overestimation of renal pelvic and diverticular size because of confusion with medullary papilla. Two errors occurred in the diagnosis of renal lymphosarcoma, one of which was interpreted to be pyelonephritis. The other was an interpretive dilemma because of absence of hypoechoic multifocal nodules. Renal tubular necrosis was confirmed in this case.
Clinical and serologic studies of canine borreliosis
Authors: Magnarelli Louis A. , Anderson John F. , Schreier Alan B. , Ficke Chris M. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
During 1984 and 1985, blood samples were obtained from 271 dogs that were suspected of having borreliosis. The dogs lived in areas known to be infested with ticks and had been examined because of limb/joint disorders or for unknown illnesses marked by fever, anorexia, or fatigue. Lameness had been the most frequently reported clinical manifestation.
Analyses of serum specimens, by an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) method or by an elisa, detected antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of borreliosis in dogs and of Lyme disease in human beings. Antibody to B burgdorferi was detected in 76.3% of 114 specimens from dogs living in the lower Hudson Valley region of New York State (predominantly Westchester County), in 66.5% of 155 specimens from dogs from southern Connecticut, and in single specimens from dogs from Rhode Island and California. Geometric mean antibody titers peaked during the winter. Results of ifa tests and elisa were in agreement, but the latter method yielded less variable results, had greater sensitivity, and was more easily standardized.
Five dogs from New York State and Connecticut seropositive to B burgdorferi had developed kidney disorders during or after episodes of intermittent lameness. Application of murine monoclonal antibody in an ifa procedure verified the presence of B burgdorferi in renal cortical tissues from one dog.
Renal concentrating ability in dehydrated hyponatremic dogs
Authors: Tyler Ronald D. , Qualls Charles W. , Heald R. Dennis , Cowell Rick L. , Clinkenbeard Kenneth D. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Eleven hyponatremic dogs were unable to concentrate their urine during periods of severe dehydration and azotemia. When normonatremia was reestablished in eight of the dogs, their renal concentrating ability returned. Six dogs, including the 3 dogs in which normonatremia was not reestablished, died or were euthanatized; renal lesions were not found during postmortem examination. Two dogs had hypoadrenocorticism, which has been documented as a cause of hyponatremia and impaired renal concentrating ability. Two dogs had gastrointestinal disease, which has been documented as a cause of hyponatremia, but not of impairment of renal concentrating ability. All dogs without hypoadrenocorticism had clinical and clinicopathologic indications of blood loss, which has not been documented as a cause of hyponatremia or impairment of renal concentrating ability.
Hyponatremia (<120 mEq/L) was induced by chronic blood removal in a dog maintained on a low-sodium diet. During the period of hyponatremia, the dog became azotemic, hypotensive, and severely dehydrated; renal concentrating ability was impaired.
We concluded that hyponatremia may be caused by hemorrhage, but irrespective of the cause, hyponatremia impairs renal concentrating ability.
Control of animal pain and distress in behavioral studies that use food deprivation or aversive stimulation
Authors: Laties Victor G. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Imposing moderate amounts of food deprivation on an animal allows the use of reward techniques in studying behavior and poses fewer ethical problems than does the use of aversive procedures. Possible discomfort caused by experiments using aversive stimulation frequently can be reduced. Habituating animals to experimental procedures is almost always a good idea. When the reaction to aversive stimuli is the object of study, animals can be given direct control of the stimulus and the intensity of stimulus they choose can then be measured.
High-rise syndrome in cats
Authors: Whitney Wayne O. , Mehlhaff Cheryl J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
High-rise syndrome was diagnosed in 132 cats over a 5-month period. The mean age oj the cats was 2.7 years. Ninety percent oj the cats had some form of thoracic trauma. Of these, 68% had pulmonary contusions and 63% had pneumothorax. Abnormal respiratory patterns were evident clinically in 55%. Other common clinical findings included facial trauma (57%), limb fractures (39%), shock (24%), traumatic luxations (18%), hard palate fractures (17%), hypothermia (17%), and dental fractures (17%). Emergency (life-sustaining) treatment, primarily because of thoracic trauma and shock, was required in 37% of the cats. Nonemergency treatment was required in an additional 30%. The remaining 30% were observed, but did not require treatment Ninety percent of the treated cats survived.
Evaluation of the Krupin-Denver valve implant in normotensive and glaucomatous Beagles
Authors: Gelatt Kirk N. , Gum Glenwood G. , Samuelson Don A. , Mandelkorn Robert M. , Olander Kenneth W. , Zimmerman Thorn J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The Krupin-Denver valve was implanted unilaterally in 2 normotensive and in 6 glaucomatous Beagles. The fellow eye of each dog had an external trabeculectomy Before and after surgery, all dogs were evaluated serially by gonioscopy, biomicroscopy, tonometry, and tonography.
The valve implant remained patent in 2 normotensive and in 2 glaucomatous Beagles throughout the 12 months of observation. Valve function was lost in 4 glaucomatous Beagles 4 to 6 weeks (3 dogs) and 6 months (1 dog) after implantation.
Light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic evaluations of early loss of implant function revealed occlusion of the lumen and/or valve mechanism by inflammatory debris and cells. The late loss of valve function was related to chronic inflammatory response and fibrosis about the valve mechanism and tubing within the sclera.
Potassium depletion in cats: Hypokalemic polymyopathy
Authors: Dow Steven W. , LeCouteur Richard A. , Fettman Martin J. , Spurgeon Thomas L. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Generalized weakness of acute onset, apparent muscular pain, and persistent ventroflexion of the neck were observed in 6 cats. These clinical signs were associated with a low serum potassium concentration and high serum creatine kinase activity. Generalized electromyographic abnormalities, together with normal motor nerve conduction velocity determinations, were detected in all cats. Muscle biopsy specimens from 4 of 5 cats were not abnormal on light microscopic examination. Mild necrosis and infrequent macrophages were evident in a muscle biopsy specimen from one cat. Signs of polymyopathy resolved in all cats, and creatine kinase activities returned to the normal range after parenteral and oral administration of potassium. Polymyopathy and hypokalemia recurred in 3 cats in which dietary potassium supplementation was not maintained after initial recovery from hypokalemic polymyopathy.
Facial neuropathy in dogs and cats: 95 cases (1975-1985)
Authors: Kern Thomas J. , Erb Hollis N. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The medical records of 79 dogs and 16 cats admitted to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between January 1975 and October 1985 with facial nerve dysfunction were reviewed. In 31 dogs and 8 cats, facial neuropathy was the only abnormal finding. In 48 dogs and 8 cats, the clinical findings most often noted in the records in addition to facial neuropathy were vestibular signs.
Facial neuropathy appeared unassociated with gender or right vs left sides in both dogs and cats, or with hypothyroidism in dogs. Facial neuropathy was associated with increased age, with certain breeds in both dogs and cats, and with otitis media/interna and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs. Causes of facial nerve dysfunction in dogs and cats included surgical and nonsurgical trauma, neoplasia, and otitis media/interna. Facial neuropathy was judged to be idiopathic in 74.7% of dogs and 25% of cats.
Pheochromocytoma in dogs: 13 cases (1980-1985)
Authors: Bouayad H. , Feeney D. A. , Caywood D. D. , Hayden D. W. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Thirteen cases of canine pheochromocytoma seen at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 1981 and 1985 were reviewed. In 8 cases, the neoplasms were locally invasive; in the remaining cases, they were confined to the adrenal gland. Clinical signs compatible with fatal cardiovascular collapse secondary to a hypertensive or arrythmic episode were observed in 6 of 8 dogs with invasive neoplasms that died during examination or shortly thereafter. The remaining 2 dogs with invasive neoplasms had antemortem diagnoses of adrenal gland neoplasm with metastases and were euthanatized. Invasion or encroachment of the caudal vena cava in 6 dogs and encroachment of the aorta and other regional vasculature in 2 dogs were discovered at necropsy. In 5 dogs, the noninvasive pheochromocytoma was found incidentally during necropsy.