bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus does not alter mortality or hospitalisation risk in patients with newly diagnosed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Time to rethink pathophysiological models of disease progression
Authors: Gierula John , Straw Sam , Cole Charlotte A , Lowry Judith E , Paton Maria F , McGinlay Melanie , Witte Klaus K , Grant Peter J , Wheatcroft Stephen B , Drozd Michael , Slater Thomas A , Cubbon Richard M , Kearney Mark T 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Type 2 diabetes is a common and adverse prognostic co-morbidity for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The effect of diabetes on long-term outcomes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is less established. Methods Prospective cohort study of patients referred to a regional HF clinic with newly diagnosed with HFrEF and HFpEF according to the 2016 European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The association between diabetes, all-cause mortality and hospitalisation was quantified using Kaplan-Meier or Cox regression analysis. Results Between 1st May 2012 and 1st May 2013, of 960 unselected consecutive patients referred with suspected HF, 464 and 314 patients met the criteria for HFpEF and HFrEF respectively. Within HFpEF and HFrEF groups, patients with diabetes were more frequently male and in both groups patients with diabetes were more likely to be treated with β-adrenoceptor antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. After adjustment for age, sex, medical therapy and co-morbidities, diabetes was associated with increased mortality in individuals with HFrEF (HR 1.46 95% CI: 1.05–2.02; p = .023), but not in those with HFpEF (HR 1.26 95% CI 0.92–1.72; p = .146). Conclusion In unselected patients with newly diagnosed HF, diabetes is not an adverse prognostic marker in patients with HFpEF, but is in HFrEF.
Tigroid Enhancement: A Characteristic Enhancement Pattern of the Cerebellar Hemisphere on MRI With Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Authors: Yan Hua , He Jingzhen , Li Anning , Wang Dawei , Yao Yuan , Guo Xiaoqin , Zhang Xiaoming , Jiang Baodong 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to investigate a characteristic cerebellar hemisphere enhancement pattern on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that could aid in early and specific diagnosis of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). Materials and Methods: Pretreatment MR images of 57 patients with intracranial DAVFs between January 1, 2017, and February 28, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 128 patients with confirmed alternative cerebellar lesions during the same period were included as a control group. All patients underwent enhanced MRI with a 3.0T scanner. The presence or absence of parallel enhanced linear striations on the surface of the cerebellar lesions was documented. Statistically significant differences were determined by the Fisher exact test. Results: Cerebellar lesions were identified in 4 intracranial DAVF patients (7.0%). All 4 patients were male, with an average age of 64 years (range: 58–76 years). The pretreatment MR images of all 4 DAVF patients with cerebellar lesions demonstrated the characteristic tigroid enhancement pattern. Tortuous flow voids were present in the MR images of 3 of the 4 patients. Tigroid enhancement pattern was not observed in the remaining 53 intracranial DAVF patients and all control patients. The differences in the incidence of the pattern were significant (p=0.01). Conclusion: A characteristic tigroid enhancement pattern of the cerebellar hemisphere on MRI may aid in the early and specific diagnosis of intracranial DAVFs, allowing timely treatment and improving outcomes. Clinical Impact The identification of a characteristic tigroid enhancement pattern on MRI for cerebellar hemisphere lesions holds significant promise for clinical practice. This pattern serves as a distinctive marker aiding in the early and specific diagnosis of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). Clinicians can now utilize this innovative finding to expedite diagnostic workflows, enabling timely intervention and management strategies. The incorporation of this novel imaging feature enhances diagnostic accuracy, potentially reducing misdiagnosis rates and preventing delays in treatment initiation. Ultimately, this advancement may lead to improved patient outcomes and quality of care in neurosurgical and neuroradiological practice.
Diversity in Hand Surgery Leadership: The Impact of Mentorship and Bias
Authors: Bourne Debra A. , Henry Miriam , Brisbin Alyssa , Davenport Daniel , Shetty Sameer , Baratz Mark 
Published: April 2024

Background: Diversity in leadership drives innovation. However, underrepresented minorities may face barriers. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of gender and race on the experience of leaders in hand surgery. Methods: An anonymous survey was sent to leaders in hand surgery who attained the position of national society president, head of a division/department, or hand fellowship director. The survey assessed demographic information, grit, mentorship, and bias. Results: One hundred twenty-one leaders responded for a response rate of 60.5%. Men represented 81.0% and women 19.0%. Most respondents were white (87.6%) with 7% Asian and 6% any other race. Ninety-one percent of female respondents lived in a dual career household, compared with 53.7% of male respondents (odds ratio [OR] 0.15, P = .017). Female respondents had significantly higher grit compared with male respondents (4.3 vs 4.0, P = .050). Male respondents were more likely to have a male mentor/sponsor than women (95% vs 76%, respectively, P = .001). White respondents were more likely to have a white mentor/sponsor than nonwhite respondents (91% vs 61%, respectively, P = .009). Ninety-five percent of women reported experiencing bias compared with 27% of men ( P < .001). Specifically, women reported bias in salary, promotion, nomination, sponsorship, networking, and clinical resources. Nonwhite respondents were significantly more likely to experience bias in promotion ( P = .006). Conclusions: Women and racial minorities face bias and barriers to leadership within hand surgery.
The natural history of celiac artery aneurysms
Authors: Ratner Molly , Hartwell C Austen , Zhang Jason , Johnson William , Nwachukwu Chukwuma , Garg Karan , Kim Danny , Rockman Caron 
Published: April 2024

Objectives The goal of this study was to document the natural history of celiac artery aneurysms (CAAs). Background Celiac artery aneurysms are rare. Existing literature is skewed towards outcomes after intervention of large, symptomatic aneurysms but the behavior of untreated CAAs is poorly understood. Methods This is a single institution, retrospective analysis of patients with CAA diagnosed by CT imaging (2015–2019) identified through an institutional radiology database. Radiologic, demographic, and follow-up data were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the mean growth rate of CAAs. Results Of the 76 patients included, 86.8% were men with a mean age at presentation of 69.8 years. The mean CAA diameter on index imaging was 15.4 +/− 3.8 mm (range, 7–30 mm). All were classified as true aneurysms and 76.3% were saccular. All patients had clinical follow-up with mean follow-up 31.2 months +/− 21.6 months. No patient developed symptoms or rupture. The mean radiological follow-up among 45 patients was 25.2 +/− 16.8 months. Over this period, 16 CAAs (35.6%) enlarged, while 29 (64.4%) remained stable. One patient (1.3%) underwent intervention for increasing size in the setting of a chronic dissection. On multivariate analysis, age <70 was significantly associated with increased risk of aneurysm growth. Conclusions In this institutional review of patients with CAAs, the majority of aneurysms remained stable in size, with no patients developing symptoms or rupture over clinical follow-up. Given the observed benign behavior of these aneurysms, guidelines that suggest conservative management of CAAs less than 2 cm seems appropriate.
Intensive care unit admission criteria: a scoping review
Authors: Soares James , Leung Catherine , Campbell Victoria , Van Der Vegt Anton , Malycha James , Andersen Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Background: Effectively identifying deteriorated patients is vital to the development and validation of automated systems designed to predict clinical deterioration. Existing outcome measures used for this purpose have significant limitations. Published criteria for admission to high acuity inpatient areas may represent markers of patient deterioration and could inform the development of alternate outcome measures. Objectives: In this scoping review, we aimed to characterise published criteria for admission of adult inpatients to high acuity inpatient areas including intensive care units. A secondary aim was to identify variables that are extractable from electronic health records (EHRs). Data sources: Electronic databases PubMed and ProQuest EBook Central were searched to identify papers published from 1999 to date of search. We included publications which described prescriptive criteria for admission of adult inpatients to a clinical area with a higher level of care than a general hospital ward. Charting methods: Data was extracted from each publication using a standardised data-charting form. Admission criteria characteristics were summarised and cross-tabulated for each criterion by population group. Results: Five domains were identified: diagnosis-based criteria, clinical parameter criteria, organ-support criteria, organ-monitoring criteria and patient baseline criteria. Six clinical parameter-based criteria and five needs-based criteria were frequently proposed and represent variables extractable from EHRs. Thresholds for objective clinical parameter criteria varied across publications, and by disease subgroup, and universal cut-offs for criteria could not be elucidated. Conclusions: This study identified multiple criteria which may represent markers of deterioration. Many of the criteria are extractable from the EHR, making them potential candidates for future automated systems. Variability in admission criteria and associated thresholds across the literature suggests clinical deterioration is a heterogeneous phenomenon which may resist being defined as a single entity via a consensus-driven process.
Open reduction and internal fixation versus minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of unstable proximal humerus fractures treated with locking plate and intramedullary allograft: A retrospective study
Authors: Rusimov Lyubomir , Baltov Asen , Enchev Dian , Gueorguiev Boyko , Prodanova Krasimira , Hadzhinikolova Mariya , Rusimov Vladimir , Rashkov Mihail 
Published: April 2024

Background This retrospective clinical study aims to compare the functional and radiological outcomes after open reduction and internal fixation versus minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of unstable proximal humerus fractures treated with both locking plate and intramedullary graft. Methods Forty-seven patients with proximal humerus fractures were treated with either open reduction and internal fixation (25 cases) or minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (22 cases) and evaluated retrospectively with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Thirty-one fresh-frozen fibulae and 16 lyophilized tibia allografts were used for augmentation. Change of both neck-shaft angle and humeral head height were evaluated radiologically. Functional outcomes were assessed using Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (DASH), Absolute Constant–Murley Score (CSabs), Relative Constant–Murley Score (CSrel), and Individual Relative Constant–Murley Score (CSindiv). Results Follow-up period and age for open reduction and internal fixation/minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis were 27.4 ± 16.2/29.6 ± 17.6 months and 60.5 ± 13.7/66.3 ± 11.7 years. CSabs, CSrel, and CSindiv were 57.3 ± 21.2/52.4 ± 18.9, 73 ± 24.1/73.9 ± 23.4, and 69.6 ± 24.8/64 ± 25.5 for open reduction and internal fixation/minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, p ≥ 0.409. DASH was 14.8 ± 12.5/18.7 ± 14.5 for open reduction and internal fixation/minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, p = 0.324. Decrease of neck-shaft angle and humeral head height was 7.8 ± 9.4/8.2 ± 15.6° and 0.6 ± 5.5/1.4 ± 2.6 mm for open reduction and internal fixation/minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, p ≥ 0.380. Surgical time was 165.8 ± 77.6/84.7 ± 38.1 min for open reduction and internal fixation/minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, p < 0.001. Conclusions Locked plating with intramedullary graft augmentation of unstable proximal humerus fractures demonstrates similar functional and radiological outcomes when comparing open reduction and internal fixation with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis. However, minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is related to significantly shorter surgical time versus open reduction and internal fixation.
The Impact of Acute Peri-operative Particulate Matter Exposure on Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Outcomes: A Preliminary Multi-site Investigation
Authors: Tullis Benton , Mace Jess C. , Hagedorn Robert , Nguyen Cassidy , Stockard Ryan , Massey Conner , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Beswick Daniel M. , Soler Zachary M. , Smith Timothy L. , Alt Jeremiah A. , Gill Amarbir S. 
Published: April 2024

Background Environmental exposures have been postulated to play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most widely studied ambient air pollutants, but its peri-operative impact on CRS is unknown. Objective To determine the effect of acute, peri-operative PM exposure on outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Methods Participants with CRS who self-selected ESS were prospectively enrolled. The 22-item SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short-Form 6-D (SF-6D) health utility values scores were recorded. Using residence zip codes, a secondary analysis of patient exposure to PM <2.5 μm and <10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively) was performed for the month of surgery utilizing data from Environmental Protection Agency air quality monitors. Spearman's correlation coefficients (ρ), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and effect estimates (β) were used to determine the magnitudes of association. Simple, multivariate regression analysis was also completed. Results One hundred and seven patients from four geographically unique institutions across the US were enrolled with a follow-up of 6 months. Patients with higher peri-operative PM2.5 exposure had less improvement in their SNOT-22 scores after ESS compared to those with less exposure using both univariate analysis (ρ = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.43; P  =  .01) and after covariate adjustment with multivariate analysis ( B  =  1.06, 95% CI: 0.001, 2.14, P  =  .05). Similar associations were not found with SF-6D outcomes or with PM10 as an exposure of interest. No significant correlations were found between peri-operative PM levels and Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores post-operatively. Conclusion Preliminary data from this pilot study reveal that PM exposure at the time of ESS may negatively associate with post-operative improvement in sinonasal quality-of-life. Larger, population-based studies with more standardized PM exposure windows are needed to confirm the clinical significance of the present findings.
Vibration reduction effect of retaining pile structure under the action of damping hole—A case study
Authors: Ren Yingbo , Jiang Nan , Zhou Chuanbo , Yao Yingkang , Lyu Guopeng 
Published: April 2024

In the context of mitigating the impact of blasting-induced seismic waves on excavation processes and reducing the vibrational load on retaining pile structures, this study examines the influence of predetermined damping hole parameters on the damping effect. It also evaluates the protective efficacy of damping holes on retaining pile structures. Leveraging the foundation pit project at the Julong Avenue Station of Wuhan Metro Line 7 as a reference, on-site blasting construction was monitored to obtain vibration velocities at the top of the retaining pile structure. A numerical calculation model for blasting in the foundation pit was established using LS-DYNA software, and its reliability was verified through the integration of on-site monitoring data at the top of the retaining pile. Multiple damping hole excavation schemes were devised, and their effects on the damping effectiveness were analyzed with respect to various parameters. Safety criteria for the stability of the retaining pile structure were proposed based on the ultimate tensile stress criterion, ultimate shear stress criterion, and Mohr’s criterion. Under the optimized scheme, the dynamic response characteristics of the retaining pile structure were analyzed, and the practical application effects on-site were observed. The research findings indicate that the depth, spacing, and number of damping holes have a significant impact on the damping effect. The safety criterion for the vibrational velocity of the retaining pile structure during blasting is determined to be 26.10 cm/s. Under the optimized scheme, the vibrational velocities at various monitoring points on the retaining pile structure all fall within the safe range, with a maximum reduction rate of 30.9%.
Attentional bias modification and attention control training in PTSD: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Fan , Huang Chenwei , Yan Wenjie , Ouyang Hui , Liu Weizhi 
Published: April 2024

Background: Cognitive models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) highlighted the effect of maladaptive cognitive processing in the development and maintenance of PTSD. PTSD is related to attentional bias (AB) toward threatening stimuli and greater attentional bias variability (ABV). Attentional bias modification (ABM) and attention control training (ACT) have demonstrated the effect of improving PTSD, but the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are controversial. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the extent of evidence supporting the efficacy of ABM in the treatment of PTSD. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PUBMED, PsycINFO, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for articles published between 1980 and 2022. RCTs of ABM for adult participants with PTSD symptoms were identified. The primary outcome was changes in PTSD severity, and the second outcome was changes in AB and ABV. Trial quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Publication bias was assessed using the Doi plot and Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. Results: Eight RCTs comparing the effect of ABM to ACT were included in the review, and six studies were meta-analyzed. Meta-analysis favored ACT in improving PTSD symptoms and ABV, and the effect size was large. ABM and ACT demonstrated similar effects in improving AB. Conclusion: ACT should not only be seen as a control training condition but also has therapeutic values. However, since the current meta-analysis only included a limited number of studies, further research was still needed to examine the clinical value of ACT in PTSD treatment.
Institutional health communication and social media: Exploring Italian hospitals’ use of social media pages
Authors: Fiammenghi Carlotta , Covolo Loredana , Vanoncini Anna , Gelatti Umberto , Ceretti Elisabetta 
Published: April 2024

Introduction Hospitals play a potentially crucial role in public health, and social media can be powerful tools to reach their target audiences but are hospitals exploiting them to their full potential? Methods We retrieved the institutional webpages and the social media profiles (Facebook, Instagram, X (Twitter), YouTube, LinkedIn, WhatsApp and Telegram) of all Italian public hospitals located in regional capitals ( N = 194). From 1 March to 30 April 2022, we analysed these profiles, noting the number of followers and of posts published, the date of the last post, and the availability of a social media policy. We selected the most active 53 social media profiles (belonging to 33 hospital facilities) for a closer content analysis. Engagement was measured through numbers of reactions, comments and shares to posts published from 1 to 30 April 2022. Results About 36.6% of hospitals had a social media profile, and 18.3% had a social media policy. Most (87%) used Facebook as their main platform. They posted most frequently about hospital events and activities (48.3% of the socially active set). Overall, engagement was modest, as on average 0.62% of potential users reacted to a post. The same post often appeared without modifications across different platforms (82.3% of cases for Instagram, 37.8% for X (Twitter) compared to Facebook). Conclusions Italian public hospitals did not seem to have a clear social media policy nor strategy, and social media remained underused. Italian hospitals, therefore, appeared to be missing valuable opportunities to reach out to their patients and communities.
Does Consumer’s Happiness and Other Emotions Signaling Affect Seller’s Prices? Theory and Evidence From Six Field Studies
Authors: Barokas Guy , Sherman Arie 
Published: April 2024

The factors that determine the prices of goods and services are within the core inquiry of economic science. Do consumer’s emotions affect seller’s selling prices? The current study explores this issue through six field studies. The first four studies focus on happiness, demonstrating for the first time that happiness signals affect the prices of products and services. Happy customers are offered to pay lower price for goods–cellphones and bicycles–and for related services. The results are relevant both in face-to-face and online interactions and in between—and within—subject designs, implying that extended real income is another objective benefit of individual happiness. Two additional experiments do not show the same effect when other emotions–anger and disgust–are signaled by the consumer. We present a formal model for the positive happiness premium and discuss the welfare implications of our findings. JEL classification: C93, D01, D21.