bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food consumption and cancer of the colon and rectum in north‐eastern Italy
Authors: Bidoli Ettore , Franceschi Silvia , Talamini Renato , Barra Salvatore , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relation between dietary factors and the risk of colorectal cancer was investigated in a case‐control study conducted in Pordenone province, North‐eastern Italy, on 123 cases of colon cancer, 125 of rectal cancer and 699 controls admitted to hospital for acute, non‐neoplastic or digestive disorders. Consistent positive associations were observed with more frequent consumption of bread (odds ratio, OR = 2.1 for colon and 2.2 for rectum for highest vs. lowest tertile), polenta (OR = 2.1 for colon, 1.9 for rectum), cheese (OR = 1.7 for colon, 1.8 for rectum) and eggs (2.5 for colon, 1.9 for rectum), whereas reduced ORs were observed in subjects reporting more frequent consumption of tomatoes (OR = 0.5 for colon and 0.4 for rectum). High consumption of margarine exerted a significant protection against cancer of the colon whereas high consumption of carrots, spinach, whole‐grain bread and pasta (favorably) and red meat (unfavorably) affected rectal cancer risk in particular. Thus the present study gives support for a protective effect associated with a fiber‐rich or vegetable‐rich diet, while it indicates that frequent consumption of refined starchy foods, eggs and fat‐rich foods such as cheese and red meat is a risk factpr for colo‐rectal cancer.
Elevated p53 RNA expression correlates with incomplete osteogenic differentiation of radiation‐induced murine osteosarcomas
Authors: Strauss P. Günter , Mitreiter Karin , Zitzelsberger Horst , Luz Arne , Schmidt Jörg , Erfle Volker , Höfler Heinz 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn important role for the p53 gene in osteogenic sarcomas has been imputed by identification of somatically acquired gene alterations in human osteosarcomas and by the development of osteosarcomas in p53 transgenic mice. To study the involvement of p53 in radiation‐induced osteosarcomagenesis, we have investigated gene alterations and expression of p53 in radiationinduced murine osteosarcomas and tumor‐derived cell lines. Eighteen of 31 tumors and 8 of 9 cell lines showed alterations in the p53 gene region, or elevated levels of p53 RNA. Expression of the osteoblast marker gene bone gla protein was substantially reduced in tumors which simultaneously showed high steady‐state levels of p53 RNA. Our data indicate that p53, in addition to its function in regulating DNA synthesis, may be involved in the control of osteogenic differentiation in osteosarcomagenesis.
Local growth of a Burkitt's lymphoma versus disseminated invasive growth of the autologous EBV‐immortalized lymphoblastoid cells and their somatic cell hybrids in SCID mice
Authors: Walter Jürgen , Möller Peter , Moldenhauer Gerhard , Schirrmacher Volker , Pawlita Michael , Wolf Jürgen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpecific host‐graft interactions, as well as intrinsic properties of transferred cells, determine tumorigenicity in xenogeneic systems. We compared the growth characteristics of human B‐lymphoid cell lines in SCID mice with the well characterized growth pattern in nude mice and observed striking differences in malignancy in the respective hosts. Two cell lines derived from the same individual, the Epstein‐Barr‐virus(EBV)‐positive Burkitt's lymphoma BL 60 (BL) and the auto logouts EBV‐immortalized lymphoblastoid cell line IARC 277 (LCL) were used. In addition, we tested somatic cell hybrids (HYB) of both cell lines, which despite the LCL‐like differentiation phenotype show the de‐regulated c‐myc expression pattern of the parental BL line, assumed to be a critical factor in BL pathogenesis. Subcutaneously (s.c.) injected BL cells produced local progressively growing tumor masses at the injection site without distant metastases in both nude and SCID mice. Although both mouse strains possess the same genetic background (BALB/c) and differ only in the B‐cell sub‐set, the growth patterns of the LCL and hybrids were completely different. In contrast to the regressive behaviour of LCL and hybrids in nude mice, these lines show invasive and disseminated progressive growth in SCID mice. Peripheral lymph nodes and thymes tissue were preferentially colonized, whereas mucosal‐associated lymphoid tissue (Peyer's patches and appendix) and spleen were not infiltrated. The preferential migration of lymphocytes to certain tissues is termed homing in a gynogenic system and mediated by homing receptors and vascular addressing. The “homing” of LCL and hybrids into lymphoid SCID mouse tissue suggests a strong interaction with the endothelial cells of the host. Detailed phenotypic analysis of BL, LCL and 3 different hybrids was performed using an antibody panel against differentiation and adhesion markers. Overall dominance of the LCL phenotype was observed in the hybrids, as indicated by cytology, tumor growth, dissemination and the pattern of surface‐marker expression. The c‐myc activation in hybrids does not appear to influence growth behavior.
Growth‐factor‐independence and invasive properties of colorectal carcinoma cells
Authors: Williams Noel N. , Györfi Tibor , Iliopoulos Dimitrios , Herlyn Dorothee , Greenstein David , Linnenbach Alban J. , Daly John M. , Jensen Pamela , Rodeck Ulrich , Herlyn Meenhard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring serial passage of the colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116 in athymic nude mice, we selected 2 variants that metastasized to the lungs and liver. The metastatic capacity of these in vivo variant cell lines was associated with their ability to (1) grow under growth‐factor‐deprived conditions, (2) invade and transgress a reconstructed basement membrane with high effectiveness, and (3) produce higher activities of the substrate‐ degrading enzymes collagenase and plasminogen activator as compared to parental cells. To assess the relative contribution of growth‐factor‐independence and high levels of invasiveness/motility to the metastatic phenotype, variants of 6 colorectal carcinomas were selected in vitro by adaptation to a growth‐factor‐free culture medium followed by selection of highly invasive cells in chemoinvasion assays. Four out of 6 cell lines selected for growth‐factor‐independence showed significantly higher levels of invasiveness through reconstructed membranes, suggesting co‐segregation of growth‐factor‐independence and high levels of invasiveness in vitro. Using an in vitro chemoinvasion assay, 2 poorly and I highly invasive cell line were further selected for invasiveness. After 6 selection passages, all cell lines were highly invasive and showed high motility rates. However, when injected s.c. into athymic nude mice to test their metastatic capacity in vivo, double‐selected variant cell lines did not form spontaneous metastases. Our results indicate that growth‐factor‐independence and high levels of invasiveness, although associated with the metastatic phenotype, are not sufficient for experimental metastasis formation of colorectal carcinoma cells in vivo.
Inhibition of azoxymethane‐induced experimental colon carcinogenesis in wistar rats by 6‐hydroxydopamine
Authors: Tatsuta Masaharu , Iishi Hiroyasu , Baba Miyako , Taniguchi Haruo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on norepinephrine (NE) concentration in the colon wall and the labelling index of the colon mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats received sub‐cutaneous (s.c.) injections of AOM once a week for 10 weeks, and throughout 35 weeks were also given intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 6‐OHDA. Prolonged administration of 6‐OHDA was found to cause a significant reduction in the incidence and number of colon tumors. However, it had no influence on the histological features or depths of involvement of colon tumors and/or adenocarcinomas. Its administration also caused significant decreases in the NE concentration in the colon wall and in the labelling index of the colon mucosa. Our findings indicate that 6‐OHDA has a protective effect against colon carcinogenesis, and that the activity of the sympathetic nervous system may have an important influence on colon carcinogenesis.
Tumor‐cell motility and invasion within tumors determined by applying computer simulation to histologic patterns
Authors: Smolle Josef , Grimstad Ivar Amund 
Published: February 2007

AbstractProliferation and motility are crucial prerequisites for tumorcell invasion in vivo. While proliferation can be assessed in situ by a variety of methods, the measurement of motility is largely restricted to in vitro models. In previous studies, computer simulations of tumor growth strongly indicated that a close relationship exists between tumor‐cell motility on the one hand and the resulting morphological pattern on the other. Moreover, estimates of motility parameters can be based on image analysis of the particular pattern. The objective of the present study was to examine whether tumor‐cell populations differing in their in vitro motility produce particular patterns in vivo similar to those predicted by the computer simulations, and whether the motility estimates derived from these patterns are consistent with the in vitro motility results. This was done using murine fibrosarcomas grown in syngeneic animals from various cell lines which had been selected for and confirmed to show greatly increased speeds of motility in vitro relative to the unselected parent cell population. Computer simulations coupled with image analysis of the various variant tumors showed that the calculated motility of tumor cells within the different tumors agreed well with the relative levels of tumor‐cell motility observed in vitro. Our results thus show that the computer simulation method, along with histological analysis, produced reliable estimates of tumor‐cell motility within tumors.
Infrequent mutation of the ras genes in skin tumors of xeroderma pigmentosum patients in Japan
Authors: Ishizaki Kanji , Tsujimura Tohru , Nakai Masanao , Nishigori Chikako , Sato Kenji , Katayama Shoichi , Kurimura Osamu , Yoshikawa Kunihiko , Imamura Sadao , Ikenaga Mituo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy using PCR amplification and oligonucleotide mismatch hybridization, base‐substitution mutations of the ras genes in 26 skin tumors of Japanese xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients were studied. Thin sections of tumor tissues which were fixed and embedded in paraffin blocks were used in this study. After analyzing codons 12, 13 and 61 of the H‐, K‐ and N‐ras genes by using 66 oligomer probes, we detected only one mutation of the K‐ras gene at codon 61 in one tumor sample. All the other tumors were therefore considered not to have a mutation in the ras genes. These results suggest that mutations of the ras genes are not particularly associated with skin tumors of Japanese XP patients.
Identification and immunochemical characterization of IgA in sera of patients with mammary tumors
Authors: Chagnaud J. L. , Faiderbe S. , Geffard M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt has been reported that several types of human cancer are associated with elevated levels of class‐A immunoglobulins (Ig) and IgA‐containing immune complexes. Moreover, most previous work has come up against the lack of IgA reactivity for chemically defined antigen (Ag). To overcome this, we first evaluated possible immunological binding in sera of patients with mammary tumors or malignant hematologic diseases and controls on a mouse monoclonal anti‐idiotypic antibody (Ab2), internal image of conjugated benzo(a)pyrene (BP) coated on well plates. Using this indirect ELISA, a statistically highly significant immunological binding was found in sera of patients with mammary tumors of every grade, type and size. This immunological binding was linked to the IgA isotype. Second, we performed competition experiments between a BP conjugate coated on well‐plates and anti‐anti‐“BP‐like” antibodies (Ab) previously incubated with rabbit idiotypic antibodies (Ab 1) directed against conjugated BP. A part of these anti‐anti‐BP‐ like Ab, raised in rabbits immunized with human IgA of patients with mammary tumors, recognized the Ag‐combining site of polyclonal Ab 1, previously developed in a rabbit immunized with BP conjugates. It appears that part of the human Ig from sera of patients with mammary tumors shares common id‐ iotopes with rabbit polyclonal Ab 1 raised against conjugated BP.
Fatty‐acid composition of breast and iliac adipose tissue in breast‐cancer patients
Authors: Chajes Véronique , Niyongabo Théodore , Lanson Monique , Fignon Alain , Couet Charles , Bougnoux Philippe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to determine to what extent the fatty‐acid composition of breast adipose tissue is representative of the body‐fat composition in breast carcinoma, we compared the fatty‐acid composition of breast adipose tissue to that of iliac fat in breast‐cancer patients. Triglycerides from the 2 sites were purified by thin‐layer chromatography and fatty‐acid composition was determined by capillary gas chromatography. Compared with iliac fat, mammary fat was higher in saturated (33.2 ± 3.9 vs. 24.4 ± 1.6%;p= 0.0001) and lower in mono‐ unsaturated (48.0 ± 2.2 vs. 54.8 ± 2.7%;p= 0.0001) and poly‐ unsaturated fatty acids (16.6 ± 3.7 vs. 18.0 ± 3.l%;p= 0.0001). A positive correlation was found between the 2 sites for linoleate (r= 0.95;p= 0.0003), alpha‐linolenate (r= 0.83;p= 0.01), palmitate (r= 0.78;p= 0.02) and palmitoleate (r= 0.76;p= 0.02). No relationship was observed for stearic and oleic acids. We conclude that breast and iliac fat differ with regard to fatty‐acid composition. The interpretation of fatty‐ acid composition of the body stores in breast‐cancer patients, as an indicator of long‐term intake of dietary fat, should take into account the sampling site of stored lipids.
Combination therapy with thymosin α1 potentiates the anti‐tumor activity of interleukin‐2 with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of the lewis lung carcinoma in mice
Authors: Mastino Antonio , Favalli Cartesio , Grelli Sandro , Rasi Guido , Pica Francesca , Goldstein Allan L. , Garaci Enrico 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study we have investigated the effects of thymosin α1 (Tα1) and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), singly or in combination with cyclophosphamide (CY), on tumor growth, survival and cytotoxicity in C57BI/6NCrlBR mice with Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). Combined administration of Tα1 plus IL‐2, after CY treatment, was much more effective than use of each biological response modifier (BRM) alone, and induced complete tumor regression in all of the mice studied. Combination immunotherapy alone without CY only slightly reduced the rate of tumor growth, and these results are in accordance with previous studied which showed that the 3LL carcinoma is resistant to cytokines. Combined chemo‐immunotherapy also increased the cytotoxicity of spleen cells and markedly enhanced long‐term survival in all treated animals. Depletion of immune cells, using either total‐body sub‐lethal irradiation (400 rads) or antibodies directed against T‐cell (anti‐CD4 and CDS) or NK‐cell (anti‐asialo GMI) populations, abolished the positive response to combination therapy. Histological analysis of the tumors obtained from mice treated with combination chemo‐immunotherapy revealed a high number of infiltrating lymphoid cells surrounding a well‐circumscribed area of necrosis consisting solely of dead cells. Our studies show that Tα1 potentiates IL‐2‐induced cytotoxic activities in vitro as well in vivo, and that these compounds have a powerful anti‐tumor action when associated with chemotherapy.
Lifetime consumption of alcoholic beverages, tea and coffee and exocrine carcinoma of the pancreas: A population‐based case‐control study in The Netherlands
Authors: Bueno Mesquita H. B. De , Maisonneuve P. , Moerman C. J. , Runia S. , Boyle P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1984 to 1988 a population‐based case‐control study was carried out in the Netherlands, in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer, to examine the possible relationship between the habitual lifetime consumption of alcohol, coffee and tea and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in 176 cases and 487 controls. An interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used to ascertain major life events and obtain estimates of consumption (ever‐never) and frequency of consumption throughout life. Logistic regression analyses yielded odds ratios adjusted for age, sex, response status, smoking, dietary intake of energy and vegetables and of alcoholic or non‐alcoholic drinks. When compared with data from non‐drinkers, the cumulative lifetime consumption of all types of alcohol in grams of ethanol (ORs 1.00, 0.97, 0.93, 1.25, p trend 0.55), beer, spirits, red wine and fortified wine was not related to risk. The consumption of white wine was inversely associated with risk (OR 0.41, 95% Cl 0.24–0.70). The uniformly reduced risk estimates for the lifetime number of drinks of white wine were based on small numbers (ORs 1.00, 0.44, 0.25, 0.40, p trend 0.001). When compared with data from non‐drinkers, our findings suggest an inverse dose‐response relationship for the lifetime consumption of coffee (ORs 1.00, 0.72, 0.37, 0.58, p trend 0.06), whereas lifetime consumption of tea and of ground, instant and decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk. The absence of an effect of lifetime consumption of decaffeinated coffee may be due to the small numbers of subjects. These results further strengthen existing evidence against a positive association between consumption as well as lifetime consumption of (sources of) alcohol, tea or coffee and the development of exocrine pancreatic cancer.
p53 allele losses, mutations and expression in breast cancer and their relationship to clinico‐pathological parameters
Authors: Thompson A. M. , Anderson T. J. , Condie A. , Prosser J. , Chetty U. , Carter D. C. , Evans H. J. , Steel C. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe p53 locus on the short arm of chromosome 17 at 17p 13.1 was examined for loss of heterozygosity, mutation, mRNA and protein expression in 60 primary breast cancers. Allele loss around the p53 locus was detected in 19/45 informative tumours (42%). p53 mutations in the evolutionarily conserved exons 5 to 9 were detected in 17/60 (28%) by amplification mismatch and confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. p53 mRNA expression was detected by Northern blot in 36/59 (61%) of tumours, and p53 protein expression using antibody 1801 on frozen‐tissue sections in 13/44 of the tumours examined. p53 mutation was significantly associated with oestrogen‐receptor‐poor tumours (p < 0.01) and hence with poor prognosis, but not with other clinical or pathological parameters. There was no statistical correlation between loss of heterozygosity around the p53 locus at 17p 13.1 and p53 mutation. Furthermore, p53 mutation was not associated with p53 expression detected by immunohistochemical staining with antibody 1801 or as p53 mRNA. In addition, events on 17p (allele losses, p53 mutation, p53 expression) were independent of c‐erb B‐2 expression. In breast cancer, by contrast with colorectal, lung and ovarian cancer, there appears‐to be no clear association between p53 DNA abnormalities and p53 expression.
Chromosomal damage in urothelial cells from egyptians with chronic Schistosoma haematobium infections
Authors: Rosin Miriam P. , Anwar Wagida 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe most common cancer in Egypt is urinary‐bladder carcinoma, which is strongly associated with infection with Schistosomo haematobium. The object of this study was to determine whether infection with this parasite resulted in an increase in chromosomal breakage in the urothelium. Urine samples were collected from 37 Egyptian farmers with S. haematobium ova in their urine and from 32 non‐infected males attending the same village clinic. The urine was centrifuged and the urothelial cells present in the sediment were assayed for the presence of micronuclei, a quantitative indicator of chromosomal breakage. Micronucleus frequencies were significantly higher in the infected group (mean frequency, 0.97 ± 0.12%) than among controls (mean frequency, 0.12 ± 0.04%, p < 0.001). There was a trend towards an increase in micronucleus frequencies in infected individuals who smoked (10 of the 37 subjects) compared with those who were non‐smokers, although this effect was not significant (p = 0.12). Bladder infection was associated with a 6.8‐fold increase in micronucleus frequencies among non‐smokers. In a pilot study, 11 patients were treated with praziquantel, an anti‐schistosomal agent. Mean micronucleus frequencies were reduced significantly (before treatment, 1.27 ± 0.16%; after treatment, 0.30 ± 0.16%, p < 0.001), thus supporting a direct involvement of the infection in increased chromosomal breakage in the urothelium.
Human papillomavirus infection in esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma in western countries
Authors: Benamouzig R. , Pigot F. , Quiroga G. , Validire P. , Chaussade S. , Catalan F. , Couturier D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that esophageal HPV infection could be a risk factor for esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma. The aims of our study were to assess the presence of HPV esophageal infection among French patients with esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma and to compare the prevalence of this infection among control patients exposed to similar known risk factors (alcohol and tobacco) and among non‐exposed control patients. All patients had the following investigations: serum immunoglobulin level, T‐lymphocyte sub‐sets, cutaneous anergy test and endoscopy with biopsies from tumoral and normal areas. Three different methods were used for HPV‐infection diagnosis: histological score, in situ hybridization intended for detection of HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33, and dot blot intended for detection of HPV types 6/11 and 16/18. Five out of 12 patients with esophageal carcinoma had HPV esophageal infection. This infection did not result from impaired immune status. The most frequently observed types are HPV 16/18. None out of 17 exposed controls and only i out of 7 non‐exposed controls had HPV esophageal infection (p < 0.01). HPV infection may be implicated in the development of esophageal squamous‐cell carcinoma in association with known risk factors.
Effective combination chemo/hormonal therapy for malignant melanoma: Experience with three consecutive trials
Authors: McCiay Edward F. , Mastrangelo Michael J. , Berd David , Bellet Robert E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOur experience with the combination of dacarbazine, carmustine, cisplatin with and without tamoxifen is reported. In our initial study, with all 4 drugs, we had an overall response rate of 50% with a complete response rate of 15%. Due to a high incidence of deep venous thrombosis and the lack of effectiveness of tamoxifen as a single agent, we deleted tamoxifen from the regimen and treated another 20 patients. Surprisingly, the response rate decreased to 10%. We then re‐incorporated tamoxifen into the regimen and treated 25 additional patients. In this third group of patients we experienced an objective response rate of 52% with a complete response rate of 8%. Overall, 65 patients have been treated: 45 with and 20 without tamoxifen. Twenty‐three (51%) patients treated with tamoxifen have responded, with 5 (11%) patients achieving a complete response. Only 2 (10%) patients treated without tamoxifen have responded. Despite the improvement in the response rate, a corresponding increase in survival has not been seen. Patients treated with tamoxifen had a mean survival of 10.8 (SD 13.6) months compared with a mean survival of 9.8 (SD 7.3) months for those treated without tamoxifen. The absence of survival advantage for the tamoxifen‐treated patients may be due to early failure in the central nervous system. In 48% of the responding tamoxifen‐treated patients, the first site of failure was the central nervous system, while systemic disease was still responding.