bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of eosinophilia can predict remission in wheezy infants?
Authors: Just J. , Nicoloyanis N. , Chauvin M. , Pribil C. , Grimfeld A. , Duru G. 
Published: March 2008

SummaryBackground
Early wheezing in infants is a potential risk factor for persistence of asthma into adulthood. Moreover, a personal or familial history of atopy are risk factors associated with persistence of pre‐existing wheezing during childhood. However, their relative importance remains unclear.Objectives
Firstly to determine the critical thresholds of common biological markers of atopy in wheezy infants associated with persistence of wheezing into childhood and secondly to rank these biological markers together with clinical parameters according to the strength of their association with wheezing persistence.Methods
A cohort of infants less than 30 months old with recurrent wheezing was established in order to assess severity of respiratory symptoms and to look for the presence of atopy. At the age of 6 years, they were re‐evaluated regarding remission of wheezing over the previous 12‐months period.Results
Data were available for 219 subjects. In 27% of them, wheezing persisted at 6 years of age. Critical biological thresholds associated with the risk of wheezing persistence were: (1) a blood eosinophilia count 470/mm3 (defining eosinophilia), and (2) a total serum IgE level 45 IU/mL (defining elevated IgE) during infancy. A multiple component factorial analysis identified a dimension associating eosinophilia, elevated IgE and allergic sensitization on the one hand with persistent wheezing at 6 years of age on the other (λ=0.15). According to a segmentation analysis, the main discriminative parameter of wheezing persistence was eosinophilia. Thus a lack of eosinophilia alone could account for 91% of infants in remission, and when combined with absence of allergic sensitization, remission was correctly discriminated in 96.9% of the study population.Conclusion
Our data strongly suggest that the lack of eosinophilia in wheezy infants without ongoing infection could predict future remission of wheezing in a large majority of cases.
Understanding eating behaviours in Spanish women enrolled in a weight‐loss treatment
Authors: Barberia Ana Maria , Attree Moira , Todd Christopher 
Published: March 2008

Aim.  To identify the beliefs and attitudes of a sample of obese and overweight Spanish women undertaking a weight‐loss treatment.Background.  Obesity is a global epidemic. Weight‐loss treatments focus on changing eating behaviours; however, many patients fail to adhere to the diet. This suggests that more effective behaviour‐change interventions are required to help people change their eating behaviours. According to the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) human behaviour is influenced by beliefs. Identification of people's beliefs is an essential step in the design of behaviour‐change interventions.Design.  A qualitative approach was employed using semi‐structured interviews to interview participants. Seventeen obese and overweight Spanish women enrolled in a weight‐loss treatment were recruited using a criterion sample strategy.Findings.  Participants’ reported beliefs referring to the benefits of losing weight and the emotions related to dieting. The more positive these beliefs were the more positive their attitude towards the diet seemed to be. Findings highlight the importance of follow‐ups in creating a subjective norm to maintain a diet. Perceived behavioural control to diet seemed to be related to beliefs about social support; whereas beliefs about lack of willpower to overcome temptations seemed to decrease perceived control over eating behaviours.Conclusions.  Participants reported several beliefs and attitudes that offer plausible explanations of their eating behaviours. Data from this study seemed to fit the propositions of the TPB and could be used in further research to develop effective eating behaviour‐change interventions.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nurses could use the TPB to assess individuals’ attitudes, beliefs and expectations when following a diet. That assessment would provide insight into what aspects are relevant for individual patients when dieting, which could lead to more effective diet behaviour‐change interventions being designed.
A causal model of contraceptive intention and its gender comparison among Taiwanese sexually inexperienced adolescents
Authors: Wang Ruey‐Hsia , Cheng Chung‐Ping , Chou Fan‐Hao 
Published: March 2008

Aims and objectives.  To test latent constructs of social influences, contraceptive attitude and self‐efficacy for contraception as a causal model of contraceptive intention among adolescents and to search for possible gender differences in the causal model of contraceptive intention.Background.  A greater understanding of the causal model of contraceptive intention among sexually inexperienced adolescents will help nurses design contraceptive programmes to improve adolescent contraceptive use when they have sex.Design.  This was a cross‐sectional study; 770 boys and 685 girls that self‐reported not being sexually experienced were selected for this study.Methods.  An anonymous questionnaire was used to collect data. By structural equation modelling using the eqs 6.1 software, a hypothesized structural model of contraceptive intention was tested.Findings.  For both genders, social influences affected contraceptive intention indirectly through the contraceptive attitude and self‐efficacy for contraception. Contraceptive attitude and self‐efficacy for contraception affected contraceptive intention directly. Contraceptive attitude also affected contraceptive intention indirectly through the mediation of self‐efficacy for contraception. There were gender differences in the variances of contraceptive intention explained by contraceptive attitude, self‐efficacy for contraception and social influences. Nevertheless, the data explain only a low proportion of the variability in contraceptive intention. More causal constructs influencing contraceptive intention should be explored in future.Conclusions.  Personal factors and social influences operate interdependently to influence contraceptive intention among sexually inexperienced adolescents. Gender is a moderator that can modify the influential level of social influences, contraceptive attitude and self‐efficacy for contraception on contraceptive intention.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nurses should operate personal factors and social influences interdependently when they are designing intervention programmes for sexually inexperienced adolescents. To make intervention more effective, nurses also need to provide gender‐specific intervention programmes for sexually inexperienced adolescents.
Menopausal symptom perception and severity: results from a screening questionnaire
Authors: Berg Judith A , Larson Cheryl A , Pasvogel Alice E 
Published: March 2008

Background.  Although it is widely acknowledged women experience symptoms during their transition from reproductive to postreproductive stage, there is inconsistency as to the prevalence of symptoms as well as their severity ratings.Aim and objectives.  The purpose of this study was to describe symptom perception and severity in mid‐life women volunteering for an intervention study for menopause symptom management.Design.  A cross‐sectional descriptive design was used to provide data on presenting symptoms in a sample of women negotiating the menopausal transition.Methods.  A community‐based sample of Caucasian women aged 43–55 years was recruited from national nursing media, local media and a variety of local community sources. A screening questionnaire was administered to determine qualification for study entry based upon symptom severity scores from the questionnaire. This report includes results from the screening questionnaire.Results.  One hundred and sixty‐five women were screened to obtain 110 qualified participants with mean age of 49·3 SD 3·04 years who were 4·7 SD 7 months past their last menstrual period. Sleep difficulties, forgetfulness and irritability were perceived by the highest number of women while sleep difficulties, night sweats, irritability and forgetfulness were rated the most severe.Conclusions.  Findings from this study expand understanding of the menopause symptom experience, because few reports include symptom severity reports. All aspects of the symptom experience are necessary to develop appropriate interventions and to evaluate them.Relevance to clinical practice.  Providing education about menopause symptoms is central to nursing practice of mid‐life women. Therefore, nurses must keep abreast of current knowledge to prepare women for their transition to postreproductive phase or to reassure women who are surprised to find hot flashes are not the only symptoms encountered.
A multifaceted role for polyamines in bacterial pathogens
Authors: Shah Pratik , Swiatlo Edwin 
Published: March 2008

SummaryPolyamines are polycationic molecules with a hydrocarbon backbone and multiple amino groups. Descriptions of the physiological roles of polyamines have often been limited to their interaction with negatively charged nucleic acids. Of late, reports linking polyamines to microbial carcinogenesis, biofilm formation, escape from phagolysosomes, bacteriocin production, toxin activity and protection from oxidative and acid stress have been published, providing insights about their other important but lesser known functions. This review focuses on recently discovered novel functions of polyamines in microorganisms, with an emphasis on bacterial pathogens of humans.
The conserved PA14 domain of cell wall‐associated fungal adhesins governs their glycan‐binding specificity
Authors: De Groot Piet W. J. , Klis Frans M. 
Published: March 2008

SummaryYeast cell wall‐associated, lectin‐like adhesins form large families that mediate flocculation and host cell recognition. The glycan specificity of individual adhesins is largely unknown. Zupancic et al. (this issue of Molecular Microbiology) used glycan microarrays to compare the glycan‐binding characteristics of individual adhesins (Epa proteins) of the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata produced in the non‐adherent yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By sequence swapping between the conserved PA14 domains of two related Epa proteins, they identified a pentapeptide that determines binding specificity and cell adherence and is located on a surface loop of the known crystal structure of the anthrax toxin PA14 domain.
Transformations between 2MASS, SDSS and
BVRI
photometric systems: bridging the near-infrared and optical
Authors: Bilir S. , Ak S. , Karaali S. , Cabrera-Lavers A. , Chonis T. S. , Gaskell C. M. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
We present colour transformations for the conversion of the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometric system to the Johnson–Cousins UBVRI system and further into the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) ugriz system. We have taken SDSS gri magnitudes of stars measured with the 2.5-m telescope from SDSS Data Release 5 (DR5), and BVRI and JHKs magnitudes from Stetson's catalogue and Cutri et al., respectively. We matched thousands of stars in the three photometric systems by their coordinates and obtained a homogeneous sample of 825 stars by the following constraints, which are not used in previous transformations: (1) the data are dereddened, (2) giants are omitted and (3) the sample stars selected are of the highest quality. We give metallicity, population type and transformations dependent on two colours. The transformations provide absolute magnitude and distance determinations which can be used in space density evaluations at short distances where some or all of the SDSS ugriz magnitudes are saturated. The combination of these densities with those evaluated at larger distances using SDSS ugriz photometry will supply accurate Galactic model parameters, particularly the local space densities for each population.
Variations in Neoarchean microbialite morphologies: clues to controls on microbialite morphologies through time
Authors: MURPHY MEGAN A. , SUMNER DAWN Y. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe Neoarchean Carawine Formation, Hamersley Group, Western Australia is a carbonate ramp that preserves diverse microbial structures which are characteristic of specific depositional environments. These distinctive structures are distributed in five shallow subtidal and two deeper‐water facies in the Oakover area of the Carawine Formation. The shallow subtidal facies are composed of biohermal and bedded stromatolites, centimetre‐scale ridge‐shaped microbialites and wavy‐laminated microbialites. The deeper‐water facies are composed of fenestrate microbialites, planar laminated dolostone and dolostone with rolled‐up microbial laminae. Microbialites in the Carawine Formation lie within a continuum of Archean to Proterozoic microbial facies. Some shallow‐water microbial facies in the Carawine Formation are similar to Proterozoic facies, such as large bioherms internally composed of a variety of stromatolite morphologies. In contrast, fenestrate microbialites grew in quiet subtidal environments and are common in Archean rocks but have not been documented in similar Proterozoic environments. The similarity of shallow‐water facies across the Archean–Proterozoic transition, before and after the oxidation of the atmosphere and surface oceans, indicates that stromatolite growth in shallow subtidal environments was not strongly affected by the chemical changes associated with oxidation of the oceans or by biological responses to those chemical changes. Rather, stromatolite morphology was controlled mostly by the physical environment and the corresponding biological responses to that environment. In contrast, the absence of fenestrate microbialites from Proterozoic deep subtidal environments suggests that the morphology of deep subtidal microbial structures was influenced by chemical or biological changes that occurred in association with oxidation of the surface oceans.
Oral Vitamin A in Acne Vulgaris Preliminary Report
Authors: Kligman Albert M. , Mills Otto H. , Leyden James J. , Gross Paul R. , Allen Herbert B. , Rudolph Robert I. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Oral vitamin A (retinol) is generally not considered useful in the treatment of acne vulgaris. We conducted a study which showed that retinol was indeed ineffective at the usual doses of 50,000 to 100,000 IU daily. Retinol was highly efficacious in doses of 300,000 units for women and 400,000 to 500,000 units for men, toxicity was slight and limited mainly to skin (xerosis) and mucous membranes (cheilitis).The danger of hypervitaminosis A in this dosage range has been exaggerated. Retinol is a valuable drug for treating stubborn, severely inflammatory acne vulgaris. It is administered until the disease is brought under control, usually within three to four months. Then the dosage is progressively reduced relying on conventional drugs to keep the disease in abeyance.
Nasal Glioma
Authors: Gebhart W. , Hohlbrugger H. , Lassmann H. , Ramadan W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Light and electron microscopic studies in a case of nasal Glioma revealed a tumor composed nearly entirely of astrocytes. No ganglion cells or neurons were present and the mass was not surrounded by a capsule reminiscent for meningeal tissue. The vasculature resembled dermal patterns rather than typical central nervous system. No bone detect or connection to endocerebral tissue could be detected in the present case. Nasal Glioma represents an ectopic focus of astrocytes, comparable to a hamartoma, rather than a true tumor of a herniation of brain tissue.
Medical Aspects of the Decubitus Ulcer
Authors: Andersen Klaus E. , Kvorning Sven Ancher 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:One hundred forty‐seven patients with 198 decubitus ulcers were studied. Decubitus ulcers are invariably secondary to an underlying medical condition. They cause patient suffering and overtax nursing time. A simple scoring system is essential to the evaluation of risk and non‐risk patients.
Book Reviews
Authors: Beerman Herman 
Published: March 2008

Book Reviews in this articles: ORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE. J. Harold Jones and David K. Mason. RECENT ADVANCES IN SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES–2. J. R. W. Harris, Editor. SARCOIDOSIS. Riichiro Mikami and Yutaka Hosoda. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN DERMATOLOGY. BIOCHEMISTRY OF NORMAL AND ABNORMAL EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIA‐TIONS. A. Bernstein and M. Seiji, Editors ORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE. J. Harold Jones and David K. Mason. ATLAS OF BLACK DERMATOLOGY. Theodore Rosen and Sandy Martin THE SUTTONS' TEXTS OF 1916–1975. Richard L. Sutton, Jr. DISEASES OF THE EXTERNAL EAR. Ben H. Senturia, Morris D. Marcus, and Frank E. Lucente ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DERMATOLOGY. Lionel Fry, Fenella T. Wojnarowska, and Parvin Shahrad. CURRENT PROBLEMS IN DERMATOLOGY–SOME FUN‐DAMENTAL APPROACHES IN SKIN RESEARCH. J. W. H. Mali, Nijmegen. VENEREOLOGY IN PRACTICE. THE SEXUALLY TRANSMIT‐TED DISEASES. Neils Hjorth and Henning Schmidt. English Language Edition. Edited by Howard 1. Maibach. BIOCHEMISTRY OF NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CONNECTIVE TISSUES, Volumes I and II. A. M. Robert and L. Robert, Editors.
Nickel Allergy in a Female Twin Population
Authors: Menné Torkil , Holm N. V. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The genetic predisposition of nickel allergy was evaluated in 1,546 Danish female twins horn between 1906 and 1930. The twins were investigated primarily via a mailed questionnaire and were asked if they noticed redness, itching, or dermatitis when they came in contact with metal clasps or costume jewelry. The material was divided into two equal parts corresponding to the western and eastern parts of Denmark. The majority of the possible positives in the eastern part were examined and patch tested.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: MICROBIOLOGY. Abraham I. Braude. CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY (DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF COMMON SKIN DISEASES). P. Vasarinsh. THE MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION OF PRESSURE SORES. Anthony Barton and Mary Barton. PRESSURE ULCERS—PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OE MANAGEMENT. Mark B. Constantian, M.D., Editor.
A New Treatment for Cutaneous Candidiasis: Sulconazole Nitrate Cream 1%
Authors: Tanenbaum Lewis , Anderson Caroline , Rosenberg Martin , Dorr Albert 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Sulconazole nitrate cream 1 %, a new topical imidazole compound with a broad antifungal activity was compared to its vehicle and to miconazole nitrate cream 2% in two double‐blind parallel studies involving 96 patients with cutaneous candidiasis. Once daily application of sulconazole was as effective as twice daily application of miconazole and produced KOH and culture cures in 100% and 88% of patients, respectively. No systemic adverse reactions were reported. One vehicle‐treated patient developed itching: six sulconazole‐ and three miconazole‐treated patients developed erythema and/or pruritus, which was mild and transient. Sulconazole used bid was significantly superior to its vehicle and produced KOH and culture cures in 100% of patients.
Topical Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa with Clindamycin
Authors: Clemmensen Ole J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Thirty patients with recurrent suppurative hidradenitis entered a double blind trial to evaluate the effect of topical clindamycin against placebo in hidradenitis. Twenty seven patients concluded the 3 months' treatment. The overall effect of clindamycin treatment based on patients' assessments, number of abscesses, inflammatory nodules and pustules was significantly better than placebo at each monthly evaluation (P < 0.01). When each parameter was evaluated separately, clindamycin was significantly superior to placebo except for inflammatory nodules and abscesses on the second and third months' evaluation. No side effects were recorded and the treatment was easy to administer. Topical clindamycin may be helpful prior to radical surgery or spontaneous remission.
Pseudoscleroderma and Phenylketonuria
Authors: Guillet G. Y. , Dore N. , Hehunstre J. P. , Maleville J. , Battin J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:An infant girl with partial phenylketonuria developed pseudoscleroderma. After six years of follow up, both the neurologic and cutaneous conditions improved under a phenylalanine restricted diet. The probable roles of phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and their metabolites may cause both conditions through possible transient hypersensitivity of cutaneous and muscular tissues.
The Use of Podophyllin in the Treatment of Keratoacanthoma
Authors: Cipollaro Vincent A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Keratoacanthoma can be treated successfully with podophyllin, which has been used in cutaneous tumors for well over a century and has been in use for a much longer time. Podophyllin is useful alone, with cautery and curettage, or with radiotherapy.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO SIMPLE CHEMICALS. Gilles Dupuis and Claude Benezra. MODERN GENETIC CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE STUDY OF PARASITES. Frank Michal, editor. AN ATLAS OF SKIN BIOPSY. Raghunath P. Misra and I. Daniel Sanusi. NEONATAL SKIN. Howard I. Maibach and Edward K. Boisits. STEDMAN'S ILLUSTRATED MEDICAL DICTIONARY (38 Authors). Naomi M. Kanof COMMON SKIN DISORDERS: A MANUAL FOR PHYSICIANS AND PATIENTS. Ernst Epstein, M.D. Clifton
The Morphologic Events of Blister Formation in Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Authors: Caputo R. , Berti E. , Gasparini G. , Monti M. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:In porphyria cutanea tarda (PCI), the submicro‐scopic event causing the formation of spontaneous blisters is the appearance of membrane‐limited vacuoles in the superficial dermis. These vacuoles are apparently formed through iytolysis of dermal cells and swelling of the pseudopodia of the basal cells protruding into the dermis, probably as a consequence of photochemically‐induced lysosomal damage. The number and size of these vacuoles progressively increase near the cleavage area of the blisters, where their limiting membranes merge and break, giving rise to the cavity of the blister, which is formed under the basal lamina. The presence of coated vesicles along the limiting membranes as well as inside the vacuoles suggests their involvement in the transport of fluids from the damaged vessels, thus contributing In the progressive volume increase of vacuoles themselves.
Clinical Electrophysiologic Assessment of Ulnar Nerve Transposition in Tuberculoid Leprosy
Authors: Amer Mohamed A. , Gawish Hassan H. A. , Hawala Abd El Samed I. El , Amer Samih A. , Amer Kawther 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Ulnar nerve transposition was accomplished in 24 tuberculoid leprotic patients, making a total of 27 operations. Results were assessed clinically and electrophysiologically, pre‐ and postoperatively. and compared with a control group of 30 patients. Excellent results were obtained in early cases with minimal electromyographic changes. Late cases did not improve after surgery.
Book Reviews
Authors: Beerman Herman 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this aticle: DR. FULTON'S STEP‐BY‐STEP PROGRAM FOR CLEARING ACNE FINALLY… AN ACNE TREATMENT THAT WORKS! James E. Fulton, Jr. and Elizabeth Black. OCCUPATIONAL SKIN DISEASES. Robert M. Adams. PRECIS DE PHYSIOLOGIE CUTANEE. Jean Meynadier. MANSON'S TROPICAL DISEASES. P. E. C. Manson‐Bahr, F.I.C. Apted. MEDIEVAL MEDICUS. Edward J. Kealey. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN DERMATOPATHOLOGY. A. Bernard Ackerman, John Niven, Jane M. Grant‐Kels. SKIN SURGERY, FIFTH EDITION. Ervin Epstein, M.D., and Ervin Epstein, Jr., M.D.
Tinea Capitis in Philadelphia
Authors: Shockman Joel , Urbach Fredtrick 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:From 1962 to 1979, there was a dramatic change in tinea capitis infections in children In the Philadelphia area. This has been primarily due to the virtual disappearance of tinea capitis due to Microsporum organisms. This dramatic change in a common, highly infectious childhood disease is most likely due to a sudden change in hair styles, particularly in black boys, which prevents infectious spores from reaching the scalp