bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method for the preparation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterned surfaces with photoinitiated hydrosilylation
Authors: Furukawa Yutaka , Hoshino Taiki , Morizawa Yoshitomi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractRecently, there has been considerable interest in hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterned surfaces because they serve as important templates for the selective deposition of various materials. We report a novel and simple method for the creation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterned surfaces using soft UV irradiation (365‐nm wavelength). The method employs a photoinitiated hydrosilylation reaction of vinyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane with HSi groups catalyzed by platinum(II) acetylacetonate. In UV‐irradiated regions, the photohydrosilylation reaction occurs, forming hydrophobic regions. In unirradiated regions, the remaining HSi groups are converted into HOSi groups in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide to form hydrophilic regions. The photoinitiated hydrosilylation reaction is completed within a little over 1 min, and this has been confirmed by reflection–absorption spectroscopy. The value of the water contact angle for the hydrophilic regions is about 10°, and that for the hydrophobic regions is about 103°. The success of pattern formation at the micrometer scale has been confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The difference in the chemical structure at the surface has been confirmed by the decoration of the hydrophilic regions by a fluorescent dye and characterization with a fluorescence analyzer. Atomic force microscopy has shown that the height of the hydrophobic regions is about 20 nm. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis of resole‐type phenolic beads from phenol and formaldehyde by suspension polymerization technique
Authors: Singh Arjun , Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Srivastava Anurag 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe phenolic beads (PB) in macrosize range were obtained by mixing phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of basic catalyst by suspension polymerization. In this reaction, the triethylamine (TEA), poly(vinyl alcohol), and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) were used as initiator, stabilizer, and crosslinking agent, respectively. The resulting PB within size range 0.1–2.0 mm was obtained in this polymerization reaction, carried out at temperature 96°C ± 1°C with agitation rate 475 rpm for 4 h. The effects of different variables such as, formaldehyde to phenol ratio (F/P) by mole, initiator concentration, concentration of crosslinking agent, and temperature on the particle sizes of PB and its formation were investigated. The particle size and its distribution were shown to be dependent on the F/P ratio, initiator concentration, and temperature. The average particle size of PB increased with increasing F/P ratio by mole in the reaction mixture. The average particle size of PB decreased with increasing TEA concentration. The particle size distribution of PB became narrow in size range 0.9–1.3 mm with 86% of yield of 1.0% by weight. As far as the crosslinking is concerned, the uncured phenolic resin was formed in the reaction solution when the reaction was performed in the absence of HMTA at 96°C ± 1°C for 4 h. The amount cured PB formed increased with increase in the concentration of HMTA. The surface morphology, shape and size of PB were studied using scanning electron microscopy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Rapid calcification on solution blending of homogenous PHBV/collagen composite
Authors: Yingjun Wang , Gang Wu , Xiaofen Chen , Jiandong Ye , Kun Wei 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDeveloping of a surface hybrid calcium phosphate‐degradable polymer materials is always attractive since it could have high bone bonding ability and proper mechanical properties as natural bone substitute. In this article, a solution blending method was used to make the poly‐[(3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐co‐(3‐hydroxyvalerate)] (PHBV)/collagen composite with high surface calcium apatite deposition capability. Before the blending, the pseudo ternary phase diagram of CH3COOH‐CHCl3/PHBV‐H2O/collagen at 20°C was plotted. Three compositions selected from the homogenous zone in the diagram were chosen to fabricate the PHBV/collagen composites. Water contact angle, water absorbance ratio, and FTIR spectra showed the collagen contents in the final composites increased with its original blending ratio. The composite with the highest collagen content was chosen for the biomineralization experiment in simulated calcium solution (SCS). Scanning electronic microscopy showed the morphology of the deposition changing from porous structure to plate structure. The FTIR spectra displayed the precipitate was calcium phosphate containing collagen content. The X‐ray Diffractometer spectra displayed that the precipitate has the similar characteristic peaks as calcium apatite and the crystalline increased with the biomineralization time. The concentration of calcium and hydrogenphosphate ions in the SCS monitored in the first 4 h decreased to 29.5 and 1.8 ppm, respectively. The Ca/P of the precipitate stabilized at 1.3 in the first 4 h. The FTIR spectra showed that the amide absorption band shifted to low wavelength, which was caused by the electrostatic force between the calcium ions and the amide bond p‐π conjugation system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Thermal and mechanical properties of copolymers of methyl methacrylate with N‐aryl itaconimides
Authors: Chauhan Rashmi , Choudhary Veena 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe article describes the preparation of cast copolymer sheets of methyl methacrylate with varying mole fractions of N‐(p‐methoxyphenyl) itaconimide/N‐(2‐methoxy‐5‐chlorophenyl) itaconimide/N‐(3‐methoxy‐5‐chlorophenyl) itaconimide monomers by bulk copolymerization using azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The effect of incorporation of varying mole fractions of N‐arylsubstituted itaconimides in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) backbone on the thermal, optical and physicomechanical properties of cast acrylic sheets were evaluated. The glass transition temperature and the thermal stability increased with increasing amounts of itaconimides in the polymer backbone. An increase in tensile strength, flexural strength, and storage modulus was also observed. The impact strength decreased marginally upon incorporation of imides into the polymer backbone. A slight decrease in the transparency and a significant increase (4–50%) in the haze was observed. The chemical resistance of PMMA remains unaffected by copolymerization. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
PP/ABS blends with carbon black: Morphology and electrical properties
Authors: Hom Sheleena , Bhattacharyya Arup R. , Khare Rupesh A. , Kulkarni Ajit R. , Saroop Madhumita , Biswas Amit 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPhase morphology of melt‐mixed polypropylene (PP)/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) blends was found to be blend ratio dependent, viz., matrix‐particle dispersed type of morphology which was observed up to 30 wt % of ABS level beyond which the morphology showed co‐continuous type. The domain size of 80/20 PP/ABS blends was found to decrease significantly at 10 wt % carbon black (CB) level, and in case of 70/30 blends morphology was transformed into co‐continuous type in the presence of CB, which was retained up to 60 wt % ABS. The finer morphological features were associated with the compatibilizing action of CB particles. Continuous network was achieved through aggregated CB particles predominantly in the PP phase wherein one could find CB‐rich PP phase and CB‐less PP phase. Solution experiments further supported the existence of CB particles preferentially in the PP phase. AC electrical conductivity measurements indicated a 3D network‐like structure of CB aggregates in the co‐continuous compositions which showed enhanced electrical conductivity as compared to the matrix‐dispersed type of morphology in 80/20 PP/ABS blends which exhibited insulating behavior. On increasing ABS content in the blends the electrical conductivity decreased progressively due to a difficulty in retaining 3D continuous network of CB aggregates especially at 40/60 composition. Increased processing temperature led to a higher electrical conductivity in the respective blends. Dielectric measurements revealed the existence of metallic type of conduction in the co‐continuous compositions. However, 80/20 blends showed low ε′ value. Overall, structure property relationship studies were conducted in PP/ABS blends with CB. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Electrochromic properties of a copolymer of 1‐4‐di[2,5‐di(2‐thienyl)‐1H‐1‐pyrrolyl]benzene with EDOT
Authors: Kiralp S. , Camurlu P. , Gunbas G. , Tanyeli C. , Akhmedov I. , Toppare Levent 
Published: January 2009

AbstractHomopolymer of 1‐4‐di[2,5‐di(2‐thienyl)‐1H‐1‐pyrrolyl]benzene and its copolymer with 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were electrochemically synthesized and characterized. Resulting homopolymer and copolymer films have distinct electrochromic properties. At the neutral state, homopolymer has λmax due to the π‐π* transition as 410 nm and Eg was calculated as 2.03 eV. The resultant copolymer revealed multichromism through the entire visible region, displaying red‐violet, brownish yellow green, and blue colors with the variation of the applied potential. For the copolymer, λmax and Eg were found to be 450 nm and 1.66 eV, respectively. Double potential step chronoamperometry experiment shows that homopolymer and copolymer films have good stability, fast switching times, and high optical contrast in NIR region as 41 and 30%, respectively. Copolymerization with EDOT not only decreases the band gap, Eg, but also enhances the electrochromic properties. Hence, electrochemical copolymerization is considered to be a powerful tool to improve the electrochromic properties of N‐substituted 2,5‐di(2‐thienylpyrrole) derivatives. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Physical and electrochemical behaviors of directly polymerized sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone sulfone)s proton exchange membranes with different backbone structures
Authors: Wang Zhe , Ni Hongzhe , Zhao Chengji , Zhang Mingyao , Na Hui 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSulfonated poly(ether ether ketone sulfone) (SPEEKS) and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone ketone sulfone) (SPEEKKS) copolymers with different degree of sulfonation (DS) were synthesized by aromatic nucleophilic polycondensation of disodium 3,3′‐disulfonate‐4,4′‐dichloro‐diphenylsulfone (SDCDPS), tertbutylhydroquione, and 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone or 1,4′‐bi(4‐fluorobenzoyl) benzene. Prepared sulfonated copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The transmission electron microscope was used to investigate the microstructure of membranes. The different distance between two adjacent sulfonic groups in two series of membranes resulted in different physical and electrochemical properties between two kinds of membranes with the same DS. The proton conductivity, ionic exchange capacity and water uptake of SPEEKS membranes were higher than those of SPEEKKS membranes while the mechanical strength of SPEEKS membranes was lower than that of SPEEKKS membranes at the same DS. Moreover, the SPEEKKS membranes with DS equals to 0.8 showed a good combination of a high proton conductivity (0.046 S/cm at 25°C, 0.061 S/cm at 80°C), acceptable water uptake (33–65 wt %), excellent mechanical strength (tensile strength reached 49.7 MPa), and good thermal properties (Tg above 250°C, Td5% above 300°C). It suggested that this could be a promising membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell application. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Protection of SEBS/PS blends against gamma radiation by aromatic compounds
Authors: Chen Jian , Huang Xingyi , Jiang Pingkai , Wang Genlin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe reported the effects of four kinds of aromatic compounds (diphenylacetylene, biphenyl, anthracene, pyrene) on the gamma‐irradiation resistance of the styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene/polystyrene (SEBS/PS) blends. It was found that, after gamma irradiation, the blends with aromatic additives had improved mechanical, dielectric, and thermal characteristics when compared with those samples without additives, and that among the four compounds, pyrene was shown to be the most effective additive. The rheological results were consistent with the changes of mechanical, dielectric, and thermal properties, and the blends with pyrene had the lowest values of melt‐flow rate after gamma irradiation. The possible mechanism of the effects of the aromatic compounds on the irradiation resistance SEBS/PS blends was also suggested. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Information myths and intimate partner violence: Sources, contexts, and consequences
Authors: Westbrook Lynn 
Published: January 2009

AbstractSurvivors of intimate partner violence face more than information gaps; many face powerful barriers in the form of information myths. Triangulating data from in‐depth interviews and community bulletin board postings, this study incorporates insights from survivors, police, and shelter staff to begin mapping the information landscape through which survivors move. An unanticipated feature of that landscape is a set of 28 compelling information myths that prevent some survivors from making effective use of the social, legal, economic, and support resources available to them. This analysis of the sources, contexts, and consequences of these information myths is the first step in devising strategies to counter their ill effects.
Blobgects: Digital museum catalogs and diverse user communities
Authors: Srinivasan Ramesh , Boast Robin , Becvar Katherine M. , Furner Jonathan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article presents an exploratory study of “Blobgects,” an experimental interface for an online museum catalog that enables social tagging and blogging activity around a set of cultural heritage objects held by a preeminent museum of anthropology and archaeology. This study attempts to understand not just whether social tagging and commenting about these objects is useful but rather whose tags and voices matter in presenting different “expert” perspectives around digital museum objects. Based on an empirical comparison between two different user groups (Canadian Inuit high‐school students and museum studies students in the United States), we found that merely adding the ability to tag and comment to the museum's catalog does not sufficiently allow users to learn about or engage with the objects represented by catalog entries. Rather, the specialist language of the catalog provides too little contextualization for users to enter into the sort of dialog that proponents of Web 2.0 technologies promise. Overall, we propose a more nuanced application of Web 2.0 technologies within museums—one which provides a contextual basis that gives users a starting point for engagement and permits users to make sense of objects in relation to their own needs, uses, and understandings.
Polyamines protect rat embryo in vitro from high glucose‐induced developmental delay and dysmorphogenesis
Authors: Chirino‐Galindo Gladys , Baiza‐Gutman Luis A. , Barrera‐Escorcia Eduardo , Palomar‐Morales Martín 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Pregnancy in mammals with diabetes mellitus results in low birth weight, malformations, and intrauterine death. Parenteral application of natural polyamines or their precursor, L‐arginine, to diabetic pregnant rats partially prevents the alterations of development caused by diabetes mellitus. This experiment has been designed to understand if this preventive action also occurs in rat whole embryo in culture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rat embryos of gestational day 10 were cultured for 24 h in normal medium, high glucose medium, or high glucose medium supplemented with polyamines or L‐arginine, and furthermore embryo growth and development were evaluated. RESULTS: L‐arginine and putrescine partially prevents the dysmorphogenic effects of high glucose, whereas spermidine and spermine prevent these effects almost completely. CONCLUSIONS: Polyamines directly protect the embryo from the toxic effect of high glucose concentration on growth and development, although the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Birth Defects Res (Part B)86:58‐64, 2009 ©2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using Arabidopsis genetic sequences to teach bioinformatics
Authors: Zhang Xiaorong 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis article describes a new approach to teaching bioinformatics using Arabidopsis genetic sequences. Several open‐ended and inquiry‐based laboratory exercises have been designed to help students grasp key concepts and gain practical skills in bioinformatics, using Arabidopsis leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinase (LRR RLK) genetic sequences. In these exercises, students are asked to explore the intimate relationship between the structure and functions of LRR RLKs and to understand the diverse signaling roles of LRR RLKs in Arabidopsis. Students are also required to identify LRR RLK paralogs and orthologs and to analyze their evolutionary and functional relationships using bioinformatics software. Through these exercises, students are expected to gain the ability to search databases to retrieve genetic data and analyze them using a variety of bioinformatics tools.
An empirical analysis of green supply chain management in the German automotive industry
Authors: Thun Jörn‐Henrik , Müller Andrea 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is the empirical investigation of the status quo of green supply chain management in the German automotive industry from a practitioner's point of view. Several aspects of green supply chain management, such as the point of time of implementation, the driving forces, the relevance of intended goals and their particular realization and the adoption of eco‐programs with suppliers and customers as well as internal and external barriers are analyzed. Furthermore, the link to different performance criteria is tested by inductive statistics in order to show the potential of green supply chain management for competitiveness. For this study, managers from the automotive supply industry in Germany were asked about their estimations in this regard. The main conclusion is that managers express the need for green supply chain management on the one hand but also see corresponding problems in terms of required resources on the other hand. Furthermore, the analyses show that green supply chain management leads to higher performance in terms of several performance criteria. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Conspicuous donation behaviour: scale development and validation
Authors: Grace Debra , Griffin Deborah 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
This paper builds on the concept of conspicuous donation behaviour (CDB) through further conceptualisation and operationalisation of this construct. The paper reports on developing the CDB scale via a three‐stage process, which includes five data collections using a total of 1311 respondents. The data analysis indicates that the resulting eight‐item (two factor) CDB scale has face, content, convergent, discriminant and predictive validity and the CDB scale is reliable across samples. The CDB scale has the potential for significant usage in the development and testing of theory, as well as in practical applications.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The application of Memory‐Work in consumer research
Authors: Thomsen Thyra Uth , Hansen Torben 
Published: January 2009

Abstract
Memory‐Work is by origin a feminist, social constructionist method devoted to the investigation of socially constructed and culturally embedded phenomena. In this paper, Memory‐Work is presented to consumer research in order to (1) widen the methodological scope of interpretive consumer research and thus advance new insights, (2) present a method well known to other scientific fields that may supplement micro‐social studies of consumer's practices with more macro‐cultural insights, and finally (3) to illustrate the application of the general method to the study of consumer behaviour. Apart from a few notable exceptions, Memory‐Work has not yet been applied to consumer research and its benefits for this kind of research have not been discussed. This paper seeks to fill this gap, by illustrating how consumer research may apply and benefit from Memory‐Work.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Penkvilksite‐2O: Na2TiSi4O11×2H2O.
Authors: Cadoni Marcella , Ferraris Giovanni 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary Phosphides Ce3Zn2‐xP4 and Ce4Zn2‐xP5 — Stacking Variants of CeP6 Octahedra and ZnP4 Tetrahedra.
Authors: Lincke Hannes , Hermes Wilfried , Nilges Tom , Poettgen Rainer 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Alkali‐Metal Tin(II) Phosphates: Na10Sn31(HPO4)6 (P2O7)6(PO4)12 and K2SnP2O7.
Authors: Weng Sheng‐Feng , Chen Kuei‐Bo , Lee Chi‐Shen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structures and Magnetic Properties of Some Layered Iodides Ln2Co2I (Ln: La, Y, Pr, Nd, Tb—Ho).
Authors: Lefevre C. , Hoch C. , Kremer R. K. , Simon A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metastable Cd4Sb3: A Complex Structured Intermetallic Compound with Semiconductor Properties.
Authors: Tenga Andreas , Lidin Sven , Belieres Jean‐Philippe , Newman N. , Wu Yang , Haeussermann Ulrich 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Positive and Negative Magnetodielectric Effects in A‐Site Ordered (BiMn3)Mn4O12 Perovskite.
Authors: Imamura Naoki , Karppinen Maarit , Motohashi Teruki , Fu Desheng , Itoh Mitsuru , Yamauchi Hisao 
Published: January 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.