bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GROUP TASK MANAGEMENT BERBASIS GAMIFICATION
Authors: Putra Adrian Shaksana , Putro Iwan Handoyo , Santoso Petrus 
Published: April 2024

Di dalam dunia pekerjaan ataupun kuliah, semua orang dituntut memiliki kemampuan bekerja dalam kelompok untuk menyelesaikan sebuah projek. Sejumlah aplikasi memungkinkan terciptanya koordinasi dan delegasi tugas dalam kelompok. Namun apabila tidak ditunjang dengan motivasi maka lambat laun kinerja akan berkurang. Untuk menciptakan motivasi tersebut maka salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan implementasi konsep gamification. Group Task Management adalah aplikasi yang mengintegrasikan koordinasi dan delegasi tugas dalam projek dengan konsep gamification. Dalam aplikasi ini terdapat fitur membuat grup pekerjaan atau projek dimana pengguna dapat mengumpulkan sebuah kelompok untuk suatu projek. Pengguna dapat mendelegasikan tugas dan memantau kinerja kelompok yang tergabung dalam suatu grup. Aplikasi diuji oleh 15 pengguna terbagi dalam 3 kelompok usia yaitu dewasa, mahasiswa dan pelajar SMA masing – masing 5 responden. Berdasarkan hasil kuisioner disimpulkan aplikasi ini dapat membantu dan memotivasi proses kerja kelompok.
A Phosphine‐Mediated Conversion of Azides into Diazo Compounds
Authors: Myers Eddie L. , Raines Ronald T. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAuf die sanfte Art: Diazoverbindungen sind äußerst nützliche Intermediate, doch ihre Synthese kann in Gegenwart empfindlicher funktioneller Gruppen schwierig sein. Die Staudinger‐Ligation war Inspiration für eine milde Methode, um eine Vielzahl an Aziden über ein Acyltriazenintermediat in die Diazoderivate zu überführen.magnified image
Rasch analysis of the Dutch health assessment questionnaire disability index and the health assessment questionnaire II in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: ten Klooster Peter M. , TAAL ERIK , van de Laar Mart A. F. J. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveThe Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability index (DI) is the most common self‐reported measure of physical disability in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, the HAQ‐II was developed in the US as a short, valid, and reliable alternative using Rasch analysis. Our objective was to compare the scaling properties of the HAQ DI and HAQ‐II in Dutch patients with RA.MethodsWe used data from 472 patients with confirmed RA. Internal construct validity of the HAQ versions was assessed using Rasch analysis. Additionally, external construct validity was assessed by examining correlates with other outcome measures.ResultsThe HAQ DI had a large floor effect, with 9.5% of the patients indicating no disability compared with 4.3% for the HAQ‐II. Both versions were unidimensional and adequately fit the Rasch model, containing only 1 nonfitting item. Additionally, 2 HAQ‐II items demonstrated overfit and a high residual correlation, suggesting overlap or redundancy in item content. The HAQ‐II demonstrated better item separation, indicating that it covered a wider range of physical function. Item difficulty estimates were reasonably well spread for the HAQ‐II, whereas the HAQ DI items tended to cluster around similar difficulty levels. Both scales contained several items with differential item functioning by sex, age, or disease duration. Both scales demonstrated the expected pattern of correlations with other outcome measures.ConclusionThe results indicate that both the HAQ DI and HAQ‐II are psychometrically robust measures of physical function. The Rasch‐developed HAQ‐II, however, has several favorable scaling properties, including a better scale length and a reduced floor effect.
Steroid‐sparing effects of methotrexate in systemic lupus erythematosus: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Fortin Paul R. , Abrahamowicz Michal , Ferland Diane , Lacaille Diane , Smith C. Douglas , Zummer Michel ,   Canadian Network For Improved Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the potential benefits of methotrexate in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA 12‐month, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of methotrexate with folic acid was conducted. Intent‐to‐treat analyses were performed with mixed linear models and α = 0.04 (96% confidence interval [96% CI]) to account for interim analysis of longitudinal data to assess the treatment effects on lupus disease activity and daily steroid dose across monthly measurements, and to test if the treatment effects depended on selected participant characteristics.ResultsOf 215 participants screened, 94 were excluded, 35 declined, and 86 were randomized (methotrexate = 41, placebo = 45). The groups were balanced for demographic and disease characteristics. Antimalarial use was more frequent in the placebo group, which was adjusted for in multivariable analyses. Sixty participants (27 methotrexate, 33 placebo) completed the study and 26 terminated early. Among participants who had the same baseline prednisone dose, those taking methotrexate received, on average, 1.33 mg/day less prednisone during the trial period (96% CI 0.06, 2.72 mg/day; a 22% reduction of their average‐during‐trial daily dose) compared with those in the placebo group. For the primary measure of disease activity (revised Systemic Lupus Activity Measure), methotrexate use was also associated with a marginally significant reduction in the mean during‐trial score of 0.86 units (96% CI 0.01, 1.71; P = 0.039). A significant interaction between treatment and baseline damage was found (P = 0.001).ConclusionMethotrexate conferred a significant advantage in participants with moderately active lupus by lowering daily prednisone dose and slightly decreasing lupus disease activity. As a therapeutic option in moderate SLE, methotrexate can be considered to be steroid sparing.
Ability of oblique foot radiographs to detect erosions in early arthritis: Results in the ESPOIR cohort
Authors: Devauchelle‐pensec Valerie , Josseaume Thierry , Samjee Isabelle , Dougados Maxime , Combe Bernard , Saraux Alain 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the usefulness of using oblique foot radiographs in addition to posteroanterior radiographs of the hands and feet for detecting erosions in patients with recent‐onset arthritis.MethodsWe included 813 patients from the prospective French ESPOIR cohort with arthritis of <6 months' duration and ≥2 swollen joints. Baseline standardized posteroanterior radiographs of the hands and feet and oblique radiographs of the feet were assessed by 2 blinded readers for erosions typical for rheumatoid arthritis (ETRA) and the Sharp score as modified by van der Heijde.ResultsA total of 715 complete sets were available. Mean ± SD total Sharp scores were 3.6 ± 6.6, 2.5 ± 6.3, and 1.8 ± 5 for the hand and wrist, foot, and oblique foot, respectively. ETRA were visible in 160 (22.4%) of 715 patients (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 19.4–25.6). They were seen on hand radiographs in 86 (53.7%) of 160 patients (95% CI 45.7–61.6), on posteroanterior foot radiographs in 91 (56.9%) of 160 patients (95% CI 48.8–64.6), and on oblique foot radiographs in 84 (52.5%) of 160 patients (95% CI 44.5–60.4). ETRA were visible at the feet, but not at the hands, in 74 (46%) of 160 patients (95% CI 38.4–54.3), among whom 22 (30%) had erosions only on the posteroanterior view, 16 (21%) only on the oblique view, and 36 (48.6%) on both.ConclusionETRA were found in 22.4% of patients. Adding an oblique foot radiograph identified 16 (10%) of 160 additional patients (95% CI 6–16), compared with 27.5% and 13.8% identified by adding posteroanterior radiographs of the hands and feet, respectively.
Prevalence, severity, and predictors of fatigue in subjects with primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Segal Barbara , Thomas William , Rogers Tyson , Leon Joanlise M. , Hughes Pamela , Patel Danielle , Patel Ketan , Novitzke Jill , Rohrer Michael , Gopalakrishnan Rajaram , Myers Sandra , Nazmul‐hossain Abu , Emamian Eshrat , Huang Andrew , Rhodus Nelson , Moser Kathy 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of fatigue severity to other clinical features in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and to identify factors contributing to the physical and mental aspects of fatigue.MethodsWe identified 94 subjects who met the American‐European Consensus Group criteria for the classification of primary SS. Fatigue was assessed with a visual analog scale, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Profile of Fatigue (ProF). Associations with fatigue were compared using multivariate regression.ResultsAbnormal fatigue, defined as an FSS score ≥4, was present in 67% of the subjects. Pain, helplessness, and depression were the strongest predictors of fatigue according to the FSS and the somatic fatigue domain of the ProF (ProF‐S), both with and without adjustment for physiologic and serologic characteristics. Depression was associated with higher levels of fatigue; however, the majority of subjects with abnormal fatigue were not depressed. Anti‐Ro/SSA–positive subjects were no more likely to report fatigue than seronegative subjects. The regression models explained 62% of the variance in FSS and 78% of the variance in ProF‐S scores. Mental fatigue was correlated with depression and helplessness, but the model predicted only 54% of the variance in mental fatigue scores.ConclusionPsychosocial variables are determinants of fatigue, but only partially account for it. Although fatigue is associated with depression, depression is not the primary cause of fatigue in primary SS. Investigation of the pathophysiologic correlates of physical and mental aspects of fatigue is needed to guide the development of more effective interventions.
Bayesian Estimation of the Number of Species using Noninformative Priors
Authors: Barger Kathryn , Bunge John 
Published: November 2008

AbstractConsider a sample of animal abundances collected from one sampling occasion. Our focus is in estimating the number of species in a closed population. In order to conduct a noninformative Bayesian inference when modeling this data, we derive Jeffreys and reference priors from the full likelihood. We assume that the species' abundances are randomly distributed according to a distribution indexed by a finite‐dimensional parameter. We consider two specific cases which assume that the mean abundances are constant or exponentially distributed. The Jeffreys and reference priors are functions of the Fisher information for the model parameters; the information is calculated in part using the linear difference score for integer parameter models (Lindsay & Roeder 1987). The Jeffreys and reference priors perform similarly in a data example we consider. The posteriors based on the Jeffreys and reference priors are proper. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Population Size Estimation Using Individual Level Mixture Models
Authors: Manrique‐Vallier Daniel , Fienberg Stephen E. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe revisit the heterogeneous closed population multiple recapture problem, modeling individual‐level heterogeneity using the Grade of Membership model (Woodbury et al., 1978). This strategy allows us to postulate the existence of homogeneous latent “ideal” or “pure” classes within the population, and construct a soft clustering of the individuals, where each one is allowed partial or mixed membership in all of these classes. We propose a full hierarchical Bayes specification and a MCMC algorithm to obtain samples from the posterior distribution. We apply the method to simulated data and to three real life examples. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Redox regulation of apoptotic cell death
Authors: Hampton Mark B. , Orrenius Sten 
Published: November 2008

AbstractApoptosis is a special form of cell death, which can be triggered by a variety of signals and pathophysiological conditions, including oxidative stress. Activation of members of the caspase family of cysteine proteases is a crucial event in the apoptotic death program. Being cysteine proteases, the caspases are sensitive to the redox status of the cell, and their activity is blocked by excessive oxidative stress. Thus, alterations of intracellular redox status may either trigger or block the apoptotic death program, depending on the severity of the oxidative stress.
Regulation of tumour cell sensitivity to TNF‐induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity: Role of glutathione
Authors: Obrador Elena , Navarro JosÉ , Mompo Juan , Asensi Miguel , Pellicer José A. , Estrela José M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGlutathione (GSH) and the rate of cellular proliferation determine tumour cell sensitivity to tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Buthionine sulphoximine (BSO), a selective inhibitor of GSH synthesis, inhibits tumour growth and increases recombinant human TNF (rhTNF)‐α cytoxicity in vitro. Administration of sublethal doses of rhTNF‐α to Ehrlich ascites‐tumour (EAT)‐bearing mice induces oxidative stress (as measured by increases in intracellular peroxide levels, O2·&— generation and mitochondrial GSSG). ATP‐induced selective GSH depletion, when combined with rhTNF‐α administration, affords a 61% inhibition of tumour growth and results in a significant extent of host survival. Administration of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) or GSH ester abolishes the rhTNF‐α and ATP‐induced effects on tumour growth by maintaining high GSH levels in the cancer cells. TNF‐induced mitochondrial GSH depletion appears critical in the cascade of events that lead to cell death.
Effect of phorbol ester (PMA) on antioxidant enzyme expression in TGF‐β1‐induced apoptosis in primary cultures of hepatocytes
Authors: Díez‐Fernández Carmen , Sanz Nuria , Wolf Armin , Cascales María 
Published: November 2008

AbstractApoptosis has been documented as a fundamental component of the life cycle of many cell types. One of the characteristics of this process is the cleavage of genomic DNA into oligonucleosomal fragments. The multifunctional cytokine TGF‐β 1 has been described to induce apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes although in this condition DNA fragmentation has not yet been detected. We investigated whether TGF‐β 1‐induced apoptosis was associated with DNA fragmentation and was affected by PMA. Agarose gel electrophoresis of TGF‐β 1‐treated hepatocytes shows a typical ladder‐like pattern of DNA fragments and PMA, a selective stimulator of protein kinase C, diminishes the DNA fragmentation and cell death. It has been described that the antioxidant enzyme systems play an important role in the control of apoptosis and that the apoptogenic ability of TGF‐β1 is through the inhibition of antioxidant enzyme expression in cultured hepatocytes [Y. Kayanoki, J. Fujii, K. Suzuki, S. Kawata, Y. Matsuzawa and N. Taniguchi, Suppression of antioxidative enzyme expression by transforming growth factor‐β 1 in rat hepatocytes, J. Biol. Chem. 269 (1994), 15 488–15 492]. However, PMA does not induce significant changes levels of manganese superoxide dismutase, copper—zinc superoxide dismutase and catalase mRNAs. Our data reveal that the attenuation of TGF‐β 1‐induced DNA fragmentation by PMA is not associated with changes in the expression of antioxidant systems and is probably due selectively to the stimulation of protein kinase C.
Ethanol‐related cytotoxicity catalyzed by CYP2E1‐dependent generation of reactive oxygen intermediates in transduced HepG2 cells
Authors: Cederbaum Arthur I. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTo establish direct linkage between the ethanol‐inducible cytochrome P450, CYP2E1, ethanol hepatotoxicity, and lipid peroxidation, a HepG2 cell line which expresses human CYP2E1 was established by retroviral infection. Ethanol produced a time‐ and concentration‐dependent cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells expressing the CYP2E1 but not to control cells. The ethanol toxicity was prevented by inhibitors of CYP2E1 and antioxidants. In a similar manner, addition of a polyunsaturated fatty acid such as arachidonic acid produced toxicity to the cells expressing CYP2E1 but not the control cells. Toxicity was associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and was prevented by antioxidants. The ethanol and arachidonic acid toxicity was apoptotic in nature and was associated with activation of Caspases I and III. The toxicity and apoptosis could be prevented by peptide inhibitors of ICE and by transfection with a plasmid containing the cDNA for human Bcl‐2. These results show that this HepG2 cell model can be used to establish a CYP2E1‐dependent ethanol hepatotoxicity system, and that induction of a state oxidative stress appears to play a central role in the CYP2E1‐dependent apoptosis and cytotoxicity.
Aging delays the post‐necrotic restoration of liver function
Authors: Sanz Nuria , Díez‐Fernández Carmen , Cascales María 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAge‐associated changes in liver injury and post‐necrotic regeneration were studied in rats aged 6 and 30 months in a period of 96 h following a dose of thioacetamide (6.6 mmol/kg body weight). Hepatocellular necrosis was detected in both groups by serum aspartate aminotransferase, but the severity of injury was significantly lower (one fourth, p<0.001) in the oldest. Differences were observed in hepatocyte FAD monooxygenase activity between 6 and 30 months old rats at 24 h (278 versus 170%, p<0.001, respectively) and also in GSH/GSSG ratio, in protein thiol groups and in malondialdehyde. Glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase activities rose markedly in both groups, this increase being slightly lower in the oldest. Superoxide dismutase and catalase did not show significant changes between both groups. At the end of the 96 h experimental period the restoration towards normal of GSG/GSSG, protein thiols malondialdehyde and the activities of Cu‐Zn superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly lower in hepatocytes from 30 months old rats. We summarize that the main age‐related changes in the sequenced process of liver injury and regeneration occurred to a lesser extent in severity of injury and delayed response in the post‐necrotic restoration of liver function, probably due to a lower increase in antioxidant enzyme system.
Impact of oxygen therapy on antioxidant status in newborns. Relationship with infection risk
Authors: Araujo V. , Ruiz E. , Llovera M. , Tokashiki N. , Abellán C. , Domínguez C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractNewborns requiring intensive clinical care are susceptible to a wide range of excessive oxygen free radical production‐related problems. In utero, fetal organs, particularly lungs, are exposed to relatively hypoxic tensions which rise abruptly after birth and this transition may cause oxidative injury in the neonate.The aims of this study were to determine oxygen free radical activity in neonates at the first 24 h, examine the role of immaturity and infection risk and compare the degree of oxidant stress in newborns treated with different oxygen concentrations.Plasma selenium levels in neonates with high infection risk (IR) were significantly lower than in healthy neonates. Comparative study of selenium in preterm, term and young infants showed age‐related increases and differences were significant. Plasma selenium values were lower when oxygen therapy was administered. Vitamin E levels were significantly decreased in IR compared with healthy newborns.The results suggest that selenium and vitamin E deficiencies predispose to neonatal infection and that supplementary oxygen contributes significantly to decreasing the antioxidant defence system.
Quantitative analysis of phenibut in rat brain tissue extracts by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Grinberga Solveiga , Zvejniece Liga , Liepinsh Edgars , Dambrova Maija , Pugovics Osvalds 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPhenibut (3‐phenyl‐4‐aminobutyric acid) is a γ‐aminobutyric acid mimetic drug, which is used clinically as a mood elevator and tranquilizer. In the present work, a rapid, selective and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of phenibut in biological matrices has been developed. The method is based on protein precipitation with acidic acetonitrile followed by isocratic chromatographic separation using acetonitrile–formic acid (0.1% in water; 8:92, v/v) mobile phase on a reversed‐phase column. Detection of the analyte was performed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode with the precursor‐to‐product ion transition m/z 180.3 → m/z 117.2. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range 50–2000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification for phenibut in rat brain extracts was 50 ng/mL. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained over the whole concentration range. The validated method was successfully applied in a pharmacological study to analyze phenibut concentration in rat brain tissue extract samples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First Syntheses of Melophlins P, Q, and R, and Effects of Melophlins on the Growth of Microorganisms and Tumor Cells
Authors: Biersack Bernhard , Diestel Randi , Jagusch Carsten , Rapp Georg , Sasse Florenz , Schobert Rainer 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe marine tetramic acid (=1,5‐dihydro‐4‐hydroxy‐2H‐pyrrol‐2‐ones) derivatives melophlin P, Q, and R (1p–1r, resp.) were synthesized for the first time in only four steps. Together with the congenerous melophlins A–C and G, they were also tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects. Melophlins B, C, P, Q, and R, which share a 5‐Me residue, showed some antibacterial activity, mainly in Gram‐positive bacteria. Melophlins B, C, and R, which have Me‐branched 3‐acyl side chains in common, inhibited the growth of cells of human KB‐3‐1 cervix carcinoma, A‐498 kidney carcinoma, and U‐937 leukemia with IC50 values <10 μM. They were similar in activity to cisplatin. Melophlin Q, also Me‐branched, was astoundingly specific in inhibiting A‐498 kidney cancer cells, while melophlin P inhibited U‐937 leukemia cells particularly well. The position of the Me branch is decisive for the magnitude of the antiproliferative effect of the melophlin couples B/C and R/Q.
7‐Azidomethoxy‐Coumarins as Profluorophores for Templated Nucleic Acid Detection
Authors: Franzini Raphael M. , Kool Eric T. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractTemplated nucleic acid detection is an emerging bioanalytical method that makes use of the target DNA or RNA strand to initiate a fluorogenic reaction. The Staudinger reduction holds particular promise for templated sensing of nucleic acids because the involved functional groups are highly chemoselective. Here, the azidomethoxy group, which can be removed under Staudinger conditions, is used to cage 7‐hydroxycoumarin fluorophores. Reduction by phosphines and subsequent loss of the azidomethoxy substituent induce a significant bathochromic shift of the major absorbance band in the near UV region. When excited at the appropriate wavelength, this change in the absorbance spectrum translates into a substantial fluorescence turn‐on signal. The described profluorophores are readily conjugated to amino‐modified DNAs and are rapidly uncaged by a triphenylphosphine–DNA probe under the control of a DNA template. In addition, turnover of the probes on the target strand occurs and yields substantial signal amplification.