bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength Enhancement of Nanostructured Organogels through Inclusion of Phthalocyanine‐Containing Complementary Organogelator Structures and In Situ Cross‐Linking by Click Chemistry
Authors: Díaz David Díaz , Cid Juan José , Vázquez Purificación , Torres Tomás 
Published: August 2008

AbstractStable photoactive organogels were successfully prepared by a two‐step sequence involving: 1) formation of thermoreversible organogels by use of a combination of low‐molecular‐weight organogelators (LMOGs) and ZnII–phthalocyanine (ZnII–Pc) moieties containing complementary organogelator structures, and 2) strength enhancement of the gels by in situ cross‐linking with the aid of CuI‐catalysed azide–alkyne [3+2] cycloadditions (CuAACs). The optimum click reaction was carried out between a flexible C6 aliphatic diazide and a suitable dialkyne (molar ratio 1:1) added in a low proportion relative to the organogelator system [LMOG+ZnIIPc]. The dialkyne unit was incorporated into a molecule resembling the LMOGs structure in such a way that it could also participate in the self‐assembly of [LMOG+ZnIIPc]. The significant compatibility of the multicomponent photoactive organogels towards this strengthening through CuAACs allowed their sol‐to‐gel transition temperatures (Tgel) to be enhanced by up to 15 °C. The Tgel values estimated by the “inverse flow method” were in good agreement with the values obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Rheological measurements confirmed the viscoelastic, rigid, and brittle natures of all Pc‐containing gels. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM, SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the fibrilar nature of the gels and the morphological changes upon cross‐linking by CuAAC. Emission of a red luminescence from the dry nanoscale fibrous structure—due to the self‐assembly of the Pc‐containing compounds in the organogel fibres—was directly observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The optical properties were studied by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and circular dichroism (CD) measurements were also carried out to complete the physicochemical characterization of selected gels. As a proof of concept, two different organogelators (cholesterol‐ and diamide‐based LMOGs) were successfully used to validate the general strategy.
Heterogeneous Gold Catalysts for Efficient Access to Functionalized Lactones
Authors: Neaţu Florentina , Li Zhi , Richards Ryan , Toullec Patrick Y. , Genêt Jean‐Pierre , Dumbuya Karifala , Gottfried J. Michael , Steinrück Hans‐Peter , Pârvulescu Vasile I. , Michelet Véronique 
Published: August 2008

AbstractA novel class of heterogeneous gold catalysts supported on zeolite beta‐NH4+ was prepared by the deposition–precipitation method. This new class of catalyst showed interesting catalytic activities for the intramolecular cycloisomerization of γ‐acetylenic carboxylic acids leading to functionalized γ‐alkylidene γ‐butyrolactones. Analysis of the supported gold species with in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (in situ XPS) suggests that cationic Au (possibly AuIII) can play an important role in such reactions. The high discrepancy in catalyst stability in favor of the Au supported on the zeolite system over bulk Au2O3 is explained by 1) the size of the particles and 2) the reversibility of the redox deactivating process (AuIII→AuI) in the presence of oxygen for the supported system. The efficiency of this system allowed reaction under mild heterogeneous conditions. The potential for catalyst recycling was also highlighted.
Analyse qualitative des facteurs d'influence sur l'adhésion des employés à l'implantation d'un système d'information dans le secteur public : vers un modèle conceptuel
Authors: Ouadahi Jamal 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis study examines the factors that lead employees to endorse or resist the introduction of a new information system (IS). Findings suggest that attitudes toward adopting IS are related to psychological characteristics of the potential adopters, including, open‐mindedness, self‐efficacy, interest in the information and communication technology, and time remaining before retirement. Also figuring prominently in influencing attitudes are the end‐users' perceptions and expectations with respect to project management, IS quality, IS usefulness, and its effects on organizational positions, work organization, performance, skills, jobs, and worker health. Finally, user attitudes also relate to features of change management practices, including leadership, training, support, recognition, communication, and participation. An integrative conceptual model of IS user adoption is proposed and suggestions for future research are offered. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developmental and spatial expression pattern of α‐Taxilin in the rat central nervous system
Authors: Sakakibara Shin‐ichi , Nakadate Kazuhiko , Tanaka‐Nakadate Sawako , Yoshida Kenji , Nogami Satoru , Shirataki Hiromichi , Ueda Shuichi 
Published: August 2008

Abstractα‐Taxilin has been identified as a binding partner of syntaxin family members and thus has been proposed to function in syntaxin‐mediated intracellular vesicle trafficking. However, the lack of detailed information concerning the cellular and subcellular localization of α‐taxilin impedes an understanding of the role of this protein. In the present study, we characterized α‐taxilin‐expressing cells in the rat CNS with a specific antibody. During embryonic development, α‐taxilin was prominently expressed in nestin‐positive neural stem cells in vivo and in vitro. As CNS development proceeded, the α‐taxilin expression level was rapidly down‐regulated. In the postnatal CNS, α‐taxilin expression was almost confined to the neuronal lineage, with the highest levels of expression in motor neurons within the brainstem nuclei and spinal cord and in primary sensory neurons in mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. At the cellular level, α‐taxilin was preferentially located in Nissl substance‐like structures with a tigroid or globular morphology within the soma and proximal to dendrites, but it was excluded from terminals. Combined staining with propidium iodide demonstrated that α‐taxilin distribution overlapped with the cytoplasmic compartment enriched in RNA species, suggesting a close association of α‐taxilin with actively translating ribosomes or polysomes in neurons. In agreement with this, a recent study indicated the preferential binding of α‐taxilin to the nascent polypeptide‐associated complex (αNAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel in eukaryotic cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that α‐taxilin plays multiple roles in the generation and maintenance of neurons through modulation of the NAC‐mediated translational machinary and/or the syntaxin‐mediated vesicle traffic in the soma. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:65–80, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroanatomy of the complex tibial organ ofStenopelmatus(Orthoptera: Ensifera: Stenopelmatidae)
Authors: Strauß Johannes , Lakes‐Harlan Reinhard 
Published: August 2008

AbstractStenopelmatidae (or “Jerusalem crickets”) belong to the atympanate Ensifera, lacking hearing organs in the foreleg tibiae. Their phylogenetic position is controversial, either as a taxon in Tettigonioidea or within the clade of Gryllacridoidea. Similarly, the origin of tibial auditory systems in Ensifera is controversial. Therefore, we investigated the neuronal structures of the proximal tibiae ofStenopelmatus spec. with the hypothesis that internal sensory structures are similar to those in tympanate Ensifera. InStenopelmatusthe complex tibial organ consists of three neuronal parts: the subgenual organ, the intermediate organ, and a third part with linearly arranged neurons. This tripartite organization is also found in tympanate Ensifera, verifying our hypothesis. The third part of the sense organ found inStenopelmatuscan be regarded by the criterion of position as homologous to auditory receptors of hearing Tettigonioidea. This crista acustica homolog is found serially in all thoracic leg pairs and contains 20 ± 2 chordotonal neurons in the foreleg. The tibial organ was shown to be responsive to vibration, with a broad threshold of about 0.06 ms−2in a frequency range from 100–600 Hz. The central projection of tibial sensory neurons terminates into two equally sized lobes in the primary sensory neuropil, the medial ventral association center. The data are discussed comparatively to those of other Ensifera and mapped phylogenetically onto recently proposed phylogenies for Ensifera. The crista acustica homolog could represent a neuronal rudiment of a secondarily reduced ear, but neuronal features are also consistent with an evolutionary preadaptation. J. Comp. Neurol. 511:81–91, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Envelope tracking power amplifier with static predistortion linearization
Authors: Rautio Timo , Harju Henri , Hietakangas Simo , Rahkonen Timo 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis paper presents the design method, properties and driving techniques of a linear 0.5 W 1 GHz LDMOS power amplifier used in a supply modulated envelope tracking transmitter with real‐time predistortion. Causes of nonlinearities are identified, and various supply voltage drives are experimented. Measured results show that the power efficiency can be improved while maintaining high linearity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone marrow or foetal liver cells fail to induce islet regeneration in diabetic Akita mice
Authors: Akashi Tomoyuki , Shigematsu Hirokazu , Hamamoto Yoshiyuki , Iwasaki Hiromi , Yatoh Shigeru , Bonner‐Weir Susan , Akashi Koichi , Weir Gordon C. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we carried out bone marrow and foetal liver cell transplantation to determine if these cells could differentiate into pancreatic β‐cells or promote regeneration.MethodsTo exclude an artificial or immunological influence for induction of diabetes to recipients, Akita mice, which develop diabetes spontaneously,were used. In addition, we used mice harbouring the transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter for insulin 1 gene as donors to mark donor‐derived β‐cells.ResultsAll transplanted Akita mice after intravenous injection showed full donor chimerism in peripheral blood analysis. Their diabetic state represented by blood glucose levels did not change after transplantation. In spite of examination of more than 200 islets in each group, we could not find GFP‐positive cells in any of the recipients.ConclusionsBone marrow cells or foetal liver cells do not differentiate to new pancreatic β‐cells or promote regeneration in Akita mice, a non‐chemical or non‐immune model of diabetes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mild Oxidative Addition of C–H Bonds to a Hydrido‐Bridged Dinuclear Complex of Iridium(II) Induced by the Coordination of Heteroatomic Ligands
Authors: Takahashi Yoshinori , Fujita Ken‐ichi , Yamaguchi Ryohei 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe oxidative addition of C–H bonds to a dinuclear complex of divalent iridium, [Cp*Ir(μ‐H)]2 (1), has been investigated. Reactions of 1 with phosphorus compounds containing a phenyl ring (PR1R2Ph) at ambient temperature gave novel five‐membered diiridacyclic [(Cp*IrH)2(μ‐H)(μ‐R1R2PC6H4)] [R1 = R2 = Me (2a); R1 = Me, R2 = Ph (2b); R1 = R2 = Ph (2c); R1 = R2 = OEt (2d); and R1 = OEt, R2 = Ph (2e)] complexes through ortho‐C–H activation of the phenyl ring bound to the phosphorus atom. The reaction of 1 with tripropylphosphane gave a new four‐membered diiridacyclic [(Cp*IrH)2(μ‐H)(μ‐Pr2PCHCH2CH3)] (3) complex in a similar manner. On the other hand, the reaction of 1 with triethyl phosphite gave a Cp*‐metalated product, [Ir(H)(P(OEt)3)(μ,η5,η1‐C5Me4CH2)(μ‐H)Ir(H)(Cp*)] (4), through C–H activation of a methyl group on one of the Cp* ligands. Furthermore, similar mild C–H activation reactions of 1 with sulfoxides have also been revealed. Thus, reactions of 1 with dimethyl sulfoxide and a couple of sulfoxides containing phenyl groups brought about the activation of the C–H bonds of a methyl group and a phenyl group to give [(Cp*IrH)2(μ‐H)(μ‐MeS(=O)CH2)] (5) and [(Cp*IrH)2(μ‐H)(μ‐RS(=O)C6H4)] [R = Me (6a) and R = Ph (6b)], respectively. The structures of 2a, 4, 5, and 6a have been confirmed by X‐ray analysis. A plausible reaction pathway for these C–H activation reactions has been proposed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
The Added Value of Solid‐State Pb NMR Spectroscopy to Understand the 3D Structures of Pb Amino Acid Complexes
Authors: Gasque Laura , Verhoeven Michiel A. , Bernès Sylvain , Barrios Fabiola , Haasnoot Jaap G. , Reedijk Jan 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSingle‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and solid‐state 207Pb NMR spectroscopic experiments have been conducted on four lead amino acid complexes with nitrato or perchlorato counterions, namely neutral isoleucine (1), deprotonated leucine (2), monodeprotonated aspartic acid (3), and neutral valine (4). The crystal structures reveal that the PbII ions are preferably coordinated by oxygen atoms and that the amine group of the amino acids is coordinated only in the case of leucine. The results of the solid‐state NMR spectroscopic experiments are compared to the 3D structures obtained from single‐crystal X‐ray data. The NMR spectroscopic experiments show one, two, one, and four lead sites for the Hile, leu–, Hasp–, and Hval complexes, respectively, in agreement with crystal structures. The application of this method towards the characterization of new Pb compounds, for which no 3D structure is known, is discussed and illustrated with an example where a mechanical mixture of two lead complexes is characterized successfully. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Three‐Component Synthesis of Cryofluorescent 2,4‐Disubstituted 3H‐1,5‐Benzodiazepines – Conformational Control of ­Emission Properties
Authors: Willy Benjamin , Dallos Timea , Rominger Frank , Schönhaber Jan , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: August 2008

Abstract2,4‐Disubstituted benzodiazepines are readily synthesized in good yields from acyl chlorides, terminal alkynes, and benzene‐1,2‐diamines by a consecutive one‐pot, three‐component Sonogashira coupling/Michael addition/cyclocondensation sequence. These diazepines display intense solid‐state fluorescence, but only weak emission in solution at room temperature. The absorption and emission maxima can be controlled by the substitution pattern. Upon cooling, however, the phenomenon of cryofluorescence can be observed. X‐ray structure analysis and temperature‐dependent NMR indicate that freezing out of conformational interconversions is the source of the thermochromicity observed upon UV excitation.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Salt‐Free Synthesis of Tertiary Amines by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Amination of Alcohols
Authors: Tillack Annegret , Hollmann Dirk , Mevius Kathleen , Michalik Dirk , Bähn Sebastian , Beller Matthias 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe amination of secondary alcohols to give tertiary amines in the presence of different in situ generated ruthenium catalysts has been investigated in detail. By applying a combination of [Ru3(CO)12] and N‐phenyl‐2‐(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)pyrrole as the catalyst, cyclic amines can be alkylated with different alcohols in high yield, whereas aliphatic amines gave transalkylation side products.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Loss of control over eating in overweight youngsters: The role of anxiety, depression and emotional eating
Authors: Goossens Lien , Braet Caroline , Van Vlierberghe Leen , Mels Saskia 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe current study investigated loss of control (LC) over eating and the role of anxiety, depression and emotional eating in a sample of both treatment seeking (N = 115) and non‐treatment seeking (N = 73) overweight youngsters (aged 8–18) using a semi‐structured clinical interview and self‐report questionnaires. It was found that treatment seekers reported twice as much LC (40%) compared to non‐treatment seekers (21%). Cross‐sectional prediction models indicated that increased anxiety was associated with emotional eating and LC. Emotional eating tended to mediate the relationship between anxiety and LC. Increased depression was associated with emotional eating but not with LC. Especially overweight treatment seekers turn out to be at risk for LC. Because LC may develop as a result of inadequate coping with negative emotions like anxiety, obesity treatment should focus on teaching more effective coping strategies. Longitudinal research is recommended to further elaborate affect regulation and LC. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Learning experiences in dance class predict adult eating disturbance
Authors: Annus Agnes , Smith Gregory T. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractElite dancers are at increased risk of eating disorders. The authors hypothesized that specific learning about thinness in dance class, rather than simple participation in dance training, tends to be an important aspect of the risk process. Approximately 500 college women reported on their previous dance experiences, their dance‐related learning about thinness, their eating behaviours and attitudes and their thinness expectancies. Results showed that lifetime amount of time spent in dance class was unrelated to adult eating disturbance, women's reports of learning experiences concerning thinness during their dance classes predicted adult disordered eating concurrently, and thinness expectancies appeared to mediate the relationship between learning about thinness and adult eating disturbance. Learning experiences about thinness in dance class seem more important than time spent in dance class when examining the relationship between dance study and eating disorders. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Timing primate evolution: Lessons from the discordance between molecular and paleontological estimates
Authors: Steiper M. E. , Young N. M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe molecular clock has become an increasingly important tool in evolutionary biology and biological anthropology. Nevertheless, a source of contention with respect to this method is the frequent discordance with fossil‐based estimates of divergence times. The primate radiation is a case in point: Numerous studies have dated the major primate nodes (reviewed in Steiper and Young,1, 2) and there are many instances where molecular and fossil‐based estimates of divergence times differ (Fig. 1). Some investigators have recently focused on phenomena such as stratigraphic dating, the stochastic nature of molecular time estimates, and other sources as potential biases in molecular clock estimates.3, 4 In this paper we do not focus on accuracy or statistical error; rather, we argue that discordance is a predictable phenomenon that provides valuable information about the tempo and mode of primate molecular and morphological evolution. Using this perspective, we reexamine the principal theoretical and methodological factors that lead to discordance between molecular and fossil estimates of the origins of taxa and discuss how a better understanding of these factors can help to improve our understanding of primate evolution.
Disentangling the prefrontal network for rule selection by means of a non‐verbal variant of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Authors: Specht Karsten , Lie Chuh‐Hyoun , Shah Nadim. Jon , Fink Gereon R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThis study disentangles the prefrontal network underlying executive functions involved in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). During the WCST, subjects have to perform two key processes: first, they have to derive the correct sorting rule for each trial by trial‐and‐error, and, second, they have to detect when this sorting rule is changed by the investigator. Both cognitive processes constitute key components of the executive system, which is subserved by the prefrontal cortex. For the current fMRI experiment, we developed a non‐verbal variant of the WCST. Subjects were instructed either to respond according to a given sorting rule or to detect the correct sorting rule, like in the original version of the WCST. Data were obtained from 14 healthy male volunteers and analysed using SPM and a random effects model. All conditions activated a fronto‐parietal network, which was generally more active when subjects had to search for the correct sorting rule than when the rule was announced beforehand. Significant differences between these two conditions were seen in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the parietal lobe. In addition, the data provided new evidence for the assumption of differentiated roles of the left and right prefrontal cortex. Although the right PFC showed a general involvement in response selection and the execution of goal directed responses, based on given rules, the left PFC was only activated when inductive reasoning and feedback integration was required. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tumor expressed PTHrP facilitates prostate cancer‐induced osteoblastic lesions
Authors: Liao Jinhui , Li Xin , Koh Amy J. , Berry Janice E. , Thudi Nanda , Rosol Thomas J. , Pienta Kenneth J. , McCauley Laurie K. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractExpression of parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTHrP) correlates with prostate cancer skeletal progression; however, the impact of prostate cancer‐derived PTHrP on the microenvironment and osteoblastic lesions in skeletal metastasis has not been completely elucidated. In this study, PTHrP overexpressing prostate cancer clones were stably established by transfection of full length rat PTHrP cDNA. Expression and secretion of PTHrP were verified by western blotting and IRMA assay. PTHrP overexpressing prostate cancer cells had higher growth rates in vitro, and generated larger tumors when inoculated subcutaneously into athymic mice. The impact of tumor‐derived PTHrP on bone was investigated using a vossicle co‐implant model. Histology revealed increased bone mass adjacent to PTHrP overexpressing tumor foci, with increased osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis. In vitro analysis demonstrated pro‐osteoclastic and pro‐osteoblastic effects of PTHrP. PTHrP enhanced proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells and early osteoblast differentiation. PTHrP exerted a pro‐angiogenic effect indirectly, as it increased angiogenesis but only in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells. These data suggest PTHrP plays a role in tumorigenesis in prostate cancer, and that PTHrP is a key mediator for communication and interactions between prostate cancer and the bone microenvironment. Prostate cancer‐derived PTHrP is actively involved in osteoblastic skeletal progression. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A polygenic model with common variants may predict lung adenocarcinoma risk in humans
Authors: Galvan Antonella , Falvella Felicia S. , Spinola Monica , Frullanti Elisa , Leoni Vera P. , Noci Sara , Alonso Maria R. , Zolin Anna , Spada Elena , Milani Silvano , Pastorino Ugo , Incarbone Matteo , Santambrogio Luigi , Neira Anna Gonzalez , Dragani Tommaso A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractGenome‐wide screening for genetic loci associated with risk of lung adenocarcinoma (ADCA) was carried out in pooled DNA using the Illumina 300K single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, in a joint analysis of 2 Italian case–control series matched by age, gender and smoking habit. The rare allele carrier status of 8 SNPs was associated with a decreased lung ADCA risk [odds ratios (OR): 0.6–0.8]. In a polygenic model characterized by additive and interchangeable effects, individuals carrying 2 to 6 rare alleles at these 8 SNPs showed a significant trend toward a decreased risk of lung ADCA (up to OR of 0.3). These results suggest the relevance of a polygenic model in the modulation of individual risk of lung ADCA in the general population. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.