bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation and Structure of Chinook Salmon Life History Types in the Snake River
Authors: Narum Shawn R. , Stephenson Jeffrey J. , Campbell Matthew R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe evaluated 25 inland populations of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Snake River with 13 microsatellite loci to test for contemporary genetic differentiation at three scales: Between life history types, among regions within life history types, and among populations within regions. The genetic distance and diversity of natural Chinook salmon populations were also contrasted with those of Chinook salmon from several hatcheries. The results provide strong evidence for reproductive isolation among ocean‐ and stream‐type life histories (FST range, 0.080‐0.120). Regional structuring of stream‐type Chinook salmon within subbasins was also significant, as all populations were differentiated (FST range, 0.017‐0.045), but populations generally clustered together by region in a neighbor‐joining dendrogram. This evidence suggests high levels of philopatry to natal areas in stream‐type Chinook salmon, but ocean‐type collections were not significantly different from one another (FST range, 0.001‐0.002). Higher levels of genetic diversity in ocean‐type (306 total alleles; allelic richness, 16.5) than in stream‐type collections (206 total alleles; allelic richness, 12.2) may also reflect variable levels of gene flow within each life history type and colonization history. The genetic similarity of populations within regions suggests gene flow not only from transplanted stocks but also from natural dispersal that provides metapopulation structure. None of the 25 populations in this study offered significant evidence for a genetic bottleneck (M ratio < 0.68) despite apparent demographic bottlenecks in several populations throughout the Snake River drainage in the last century. The combination of dispersal through metapopulation dynamics and transfers of hatchery stocks may be responsible for reducing the genetic bottleneck signal.
The role of nitric oxide in aspirin induced thrombolysis in vitro and the purification of aspirin activated nitric oxide synthase from human blood platelets
Authors: Karmohapatra Soumendra K. , Chakraborty Kushal , Kahn Nighat N. , Sinha Asru K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAspirin, a well‐known inhibitor of platelet aggregation, is extensively used for the prevention/treatment of coronary artery disease. The beneficial and antithrombotic effects of the compound are related to the inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase. It is currently believed that aspirin has no effect on the formed thrombus, which results in coronary artery disease. It was found that the exposure of platelets to 4.0 μM aspirin either in vitro or in vivo resulted in fibrinolysis of the formed “clot” produced by the recalcification of platelet‐rich plasma due to the production of NO in these cells by the compound. The lysis of clot in the presence of aspirin was found to be related to the fibrinolysis with simultaneous appearance of fibrin degradation products due to the generation of serine proteinase activity by NO in the assay mixture. The aspirin activated nitric oxide synthase that catalyzed the synthesis of NO in platelets was solubilized by Triton X‐100 treatment and purified to homogeneity by chromatography on DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G‐50 columns. The enzyme was found to be a single chain polypeptide with M.W. 19 kDa. The treatment of human plasminogen with NO was found to directly activate the zymogen to plasmin with the production of preactivation peptide in the absence of cofactors, or cells without the formation of cyclic GMP in the assay mixture. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical features in adults with congenital disorders of glycosylation type Ia (CDG‐Ia)
Authors: Krasnewich Donna , O'Brien Kevin , Sparks Susan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of metabolic disorders resulting from defective synthesis of N‐linked oligosaccharides. CDG‐Ia is the most common of the 21 known types defined by defects in different steps of the synthetic pathway. An increasing number of American adults with CDG‐Ia are being recognized but little is documented on the morbidity and mortality in this population. These adults have moderate mental retardation, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, peripheral neuropathy, kyphoscoliosis, and endocrinopathies. Four adults with CDG‐Ia, ages 19–36 years old are presented. All are active, dysarthric conversant adults with moderate cognitive impairment. They are ataxic and wheelchair dependent, however, only the oldest man shows significant muscle atrophy. All have diagnosed peripheral neuropathy. Three of four remain on anticonvulsants with only occasional seizures, none have had stroke‐like episodes since their teen years. Their skeletal issues include significant kyposcoliosis, joint contractures, and osteopenia. Retinitis pigmentosa and myopia complicate their functional vision. The women do not menstruate and the men have small testes resulting from hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Documentation of clinical complications and successful management strategies in adults with CDG will improve their quality of life and allow more informed prognostic discussions with families of younger affected individuals. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unexpected fluorescence emission of poly(α,β‐L‐malic acid) in aqueous medium
Authors: Fan Yaofeng , Fan Yunge , Wang Yinong , Ma Jianbiao 
Published: July 2007

AbstractUnexpected fluorescence of poly(α,β‐L‐malic acid) (α,β‐PMA) without traditional fluorophore was observed firstly. This fluorescent polymer was synthesized via melt polycondensation of L‐malic acid. The polymer was characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (IR), Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and X‐ray powder diffractometry (XRD). The high molecular weight α,β‐PMA was synthesized by the optimum polycondensation at 130°C for 15 h, followed by fractional precipitation with diethyl ether and petroleum ether. The degree of branching of α,β‐PMA was from 10% to 20% according to the reaction condition. Terminal group of α,β‐PMA was mainly hydroxycarboxylic group companied with a few CHCHCOOH groups owing to dehydration of a normal terminal during the melt polycondensation. A fluorescence emission maximum of α,β‐PMA in water appeared at 420 nm when it was excited at 340 nm. Further study indicated that the fluorescence intensity was concentration‐dependent, pH‐dependent, and molecular‐weight‐dependent. The fluorescence formation may result from multichain aggregations, which was formed readily in aqueous solution due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds between branched α,β‐PMA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Characterization of PET nanocomposites produced by different melt‐based production methods
Authors: Todorov L. V. , Viana J. C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) based nanocomposites containing 3 wt % of different nanoparticles (MontMorilloniTe–MMT; titanium dioxide–TiO2; and silica dioxide–SiO2) were prepared via two independent procedures: mechanical mixing with subsequent direct injection molding (DIM) and mechanical mixing, followed by extrusion blending and injection molding (EIM). The contributions of nanofillers with respect to pure PET were evaluated. The incorporation of nanofillers reduces the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer matrix when processed by DIM and EIM. SAXS results showed that: MMT layers were intercalated for both processing procedures, but slightly higher for EIM; a better dispersion with smaller agglomerates size is achieved for TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles for EIM than for DIM. According to the results of DSC analysis, all fillers behave as nucleating agents for PET except SiO2 that acts as inhibitor in case of DIM procedure. The mechanical behavior was assessed in tensile testing. The mechanical test revealed that the addition of nanoparticles have a slight influence on the elastic modulus and yield stress, but a drastic negative influence on the deformation capabilities of the moldings. The measured optical properties of the moldings gloss and haze are also strongly affected by the presence of nanoparticles. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Pseudospecific magnetic affinity beads for immunoglobulin‐G depletion from human serum
Authors: Akgöl Sinan , Özkara Serpil , Uzun Lokman , Yılmaz Fatma , Denizli Adil 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMagnetic poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate‐N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐histidine methyl ester) [m‐poly(EGDMA‐MAH)] beads were prepared by suspension polymerization for the affinity depletion of immunoglobulin‐G (IgG) from human serum in a batch system. Elemental analysis of the magnetic beads for nitrogen was estimated as 70 μmol MAH/g polymer. IgG adsorption onto the m‐poly(EGDMA) was negligible. Higher adsorption value (up to 46.8 mg/g) was obtained in which the m‐poly(EGDMA‐MAH) beads were used. IgG adsorption capacity of the magnetic beads increased with an increase in the concentration of IgG. The maximum IgG adsorption was observed at pH 6.5 for MOPS buffer. IgG molecules could be repeatedly adsorbed and eluted with these adsorbents, without noticeable loss in their IgG adsorption capacity. Adsorption capacity decreased for both increasing salt concentration and temperature. In this study, we show that m‐poly(EGDMA‐MAH) beads (wherein IgG molecules bind directly with the matrix) can be used directly for affinity depletion without further modification. Higher adsorption value was obtained from human serum (up to 85.7 mg/g). The elution results demonstrated that the adsorption of IgG to the adsorbent was reversible. The depletion efficiencies for IgG were above 85% for all studied concentrations. Eluted portion was analyzed for testing the IgG removal efficiency by two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Eluted proteins include mainly IgG, and a small number of nonalbumin proteins such as apolipoprotein A1, serotransferrin, haptoglobulin, and α1‐antitrypsin. IgA was not identified in eluted fraction. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Electronic and steric effects of methyl substituent in Samarium (III) phenolates on their initiation activities in polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone
Authors: Peng Fei , Shen Zhiquan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSeven phenols with methyls substituting ortho or para hydrogens are firstly reported as ligands for Samarium (III) complexes. The resultant Samarium (III) phenolates were used as single component initiators for ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of ε‐caprolactone (CL). The results were in good order and met well with structural changes in phenol ligands. To explain the ordered correlation between ROP results and ligand structures of these phenolates, quantum chemical (QC) method was applied to optimize the most stable conformations for substituted phenols. QC data indicated that changes in charge distribution and geometric parameters of phenol ligands also followed certain order, which could be attributed to electronic and steric effects caused by methyl substituents. It was found that: methyl in phenol, especially single ortho one, would induce more space around metal center and easier nucleophilic attack from phenol oxygen to CL monomer, which means positive electronic effect and could induce increased initiation activity of corresponding phenolate. Meanwhile, two ortho methyls will take up considerable space around the metal center and bring along un‐ignorable negative steric effect, which surpasses positive electronic effect also introduced by these two ortho methyls and finally leads to decreased activity in phenolates. This study revealed that there is correlation between the initiation characteristics of phenolates and the structures of their phenol ligands; QC calculation is a convenient, cheap, and helpful method to aid study on it. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Integrated technologies for archaeological investigation; the Celone Valley project
Authors: Ciminale Marcello , Becker Helmut , Gallo Danilo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA non‐intrusive investigation integrating complementary technologies was carried out at four vast archaeological settlements located in the northern part of Apulia (Southern Italy). An aerial photographic survey combined with a high‐resolution magnetic investigation was used to detect many buried archaeological features. After processing, both crop marks and magnetic anomalies appeared very sharp and well‐defined, outlining the shape and plan of the buried structures with notable accuracy. Furthermore, differential global positioning system measurements were carried out in order to geocode the magnetic grids, to orthorectify the oblique coloured photographs and to make these data sets suitable for input into a GIS; a very good spatial correlation and a more rigorous and comprehensive interpretation of the various data elements were attained. Finally, as a result of this combined and accurate multilayer analysis, an archaeological interpretation was proposed, enabling useful information to be obtained on the transformations that have occurred over time at these study sites. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zuschrift zu: Kitz, A., Jeromin, Chr.: Untersuchung zweier Sanierungsvarianten für den Trinkwasserbehälter HB Kunigundenruh in Bamberg.
Authors: Jahnke Hartwig , Jordan Sandra 
Published: July 2007

AbstractZuschrift zu: Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau 102 (2007), Teil 1 in Heft 4, Seite 249–250, DOI:10.1002/best.200690027 und Teil 2 in Heft 5, Seite 330–331, DOI:10.1002/best.200690049.Erwiderung der Autoren.
Validation of a two‐parameter quantitative structure–activity relationship as a legitimate tool for rational re‐design of horseradish peroxidase
Authors: Colosi Lisa M. , Huang Qingguo , Weber Walter J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPreviously reported rates of reaction between six mutant strains of the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and a test substrate, 2‐methoyxpyhenol, were found to correlate with characteristic binding distances computed using molecular simulation. The correlation (R2 = 0.86) bears out a working hypothesis that, based on a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) we had previously developed for HRP, reductions in binding distances between the HRP enzyme and any selected substrate mediate increased enzyme reactivity towards that substrate. The results validate the use of QSAR as a quantitative means for formulating enzyme mutations designed to achieve enhanced HRP reactivity towards compounds of specific interest. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 98: 295–299. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gradient‐based shell generation and deformation
Authors: Huang Jin , Liu Xinguo , Jiang Haiyang , Wang Qing , Bao Hujun 
Published: July 2007

AbstractShell becomes popular in a variety of modeling techniques for representing small‐scale features and increasing visual complexity. Current shell generation algorithms do not measure the volume distortion for geometric texture mapping. And when the object deforms, it is very challenging for existing algorithms to wrap the space inside the shell without large artifacts. We propose an approach to these problems by minimizing the difference between the deformation gradient of the space in the shell and the rotation component of it. Because the shell space is warped as rigid as possible, small features embedded in the shell can be preserved well. Furthermore, our algorithm can achieve shell‐like object deformation. We introduce a novel hierarchical dimension reduction method to solve the involved nonlinear optimization problem efficiently. Finally, several examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of our algorithm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ionic Liquids as Selectors for the Enhanced Detection of Proteins
Authors: Li Tao , Li Bingling , Dong Shaojun , Wang Erkang 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHerein, we report an approach for protein detection enhanced by ionic liquid (IL) selectors in capillary electrophoresis (CE), with avidin as a model protein. Hydrophilic ILs were added into the running buffer of CE and acted as selectors for sample injection, enriching the positive target and excluding the negative from the capillary. When using 3 % (v/v) IL selector, the detection sensitivity of avidin was improved by over one order of magnitude, while the interference from protein adsorption was effectively avoided, even in an uncoated capillary. The electrochemiluminescence method was initially used for IL‐based CE with low noise that was independent of the IL concentration, making ILs almost transparent as additives in the electrophoresis buffer.
High‐Pressure Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Thermal Behavior of β‐Ln(BO2)3 (Ln: Nd, Sm, Gd).
Authors: Emme Holger , Heymann Gunter , Haberer Almut , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Nanostructured SnSb/Carbon Nanotube Composites Synthesized by Reductive Precipitation for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Park Min‐Sik , Needham Scott A. , Wang Guo‐Xiu , Kang Yong‐Mook , Park Jin‐Soo , Dou Shi‐Xue , Liu Hua‐Kun 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of BaAl2Si2.
Authors: Condron Cathie L. , Hope Haakon , Piccoli Paula M. B. , Schultz Arthur J. , Kauzlarich Susan M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chiral Phosphine Oxide BINAPO as a Lewis Base Catalyst for Asymmetric Allylation and Aldol Reaction of Trichlorosilyl Compounds.
Authors: Kotani Shunsuke , Hashimoto Shunichi , Nakajima Makoto 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2): An Efficient Catalyst for Conjugate Addition of Amines to Electron‐Poor Alkenes.
Authors: Vijender Medamoni , Kishore P. , Satyanarayana B. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Evidence of Some Unusual Behaviors of 2‐Aminothiazole and 2‐Aminobenzothiazole in Reactions with Formaldehyde and Glyoxal.
Authors: Ghandi Mehdi , Olyaei Abolfazl 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
BF3—OEt2‐Mediated Rearrangement of 4‐Substituted‐5,5‐diphenylazepan‐4‐ols.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Kung Yung‐Hua , Wu Tsun‐Cheng 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
UDCaT‐5: A Novel and Efficient Solid Superacid Catalyst for Claisen Rearrangement of Substituted Allyl Phenyl Ethers.
Authors: Yadav Ganapati D. , Lande Sharad V. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromochromate: A New and Efficient Oxidant for Organic Substrates.
Authors: Ghammamy Shahriar , Eimanieh Hossein , Mohammady Mohammad Kazem 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Mild and Recyclable Hypervalent Iodine System for Oxidation of Alcohols.
Authors: Telvekar Vikas N. , Herlekar Omkar P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
PEG‐Supported Sulfonic Acid as an Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,1‐Diacetates under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Wang Qiu‐Ying , Sheng Shou‐Ri , Wei Mei‐Hong , Xie Zhong‐Li , Liu Xiao‐Ling 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Green Synthesis of Tetraalkylammonium Tribromides Using Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) as Oxidant.
Authors: Borah Ruli , Thakur Ashim Jyoti 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Optically Active Bifunctional Building Blocks Through Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation Using Grignard Reagents.
Authors: van Zijl Anthoni W. , Lopez Fernando , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition Reaction of Arylboronic Acid to Eneone Catalyzed by Palladium with Ferrocene‐Based Phosphine Ligand.
Authors: Suzuma Yoshinori , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Ohta Tetsuo , Ito Yoshihiko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Oxidation of O‐Methyl‐N‐hydroxylamines Using Monoamine Oxidase N as Catalyst.
Authors: Eve Tom S. C. , Wells Andrew , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A New Versatile Synthesis of Esters from Grignard Reagents and Chloroformates.
Authors: Bottalico Daniela , Fiandanese Vito , Marchese Giuseppe , Punzi Angela 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Efficient and Chemoselective MoO3‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Sulfides to Sulfoxides and Sulfones with H2O2.
Authors: Khodaei Mohammad Mehdi , Bahrami Kiumars , Khedri Mohammad 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of a Sulfoximine with Aryl Dichlorides under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Harmata Michael , Hong Xuechuan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.