bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Ventral Luxation in Canine Total Hip Replacement
Authors: NELSON LAURA L. , DYCE JONATHAN , SHOTT SUSAN 
Published: September 2007

Objective— To identify risk factors associated with ventral luxation (VL) of canine total hip replacement (THR), and outcome.Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=602) that had THR (563 cemented, 35 cementless, 4 hybrid).Methods— Dogs (1999–2004) with VL after THR were compared with dogs with uncomplicated THR. Data included signalment, body weight, diagnosis, implant size, acetabular cup orientation, and femoral displacement ratio (FDR).Results— VL was diagnosed in 11 (1.8%) dogs after primary THR. Including 2 other dogs that had VL after the study period, 10 (77%) of 13 dogs had VL within 7 days of surgery. Risk factors for VL included Saint Bernard‐type dogs (P=.0001), short neck extension (P=.0005), and high angle of lateral opening in other breeds (P=.018). There were trends toward higher risk of VL with lower FDR in Saint Bernardtypes (P=.060), and with cementless implants (P=.061). Twelve dogs had revision arthroplasty that was successful in all cementless and 2 cemented VL cases. Five dogs had recurrent VL and a poor outcome.Conclusion— VL is generally an early complication of THR, with no single common risk factor identified.Clinical Relevance— Saint Bernard types and short neck extensions are associated with increased risk of VL. Poor cup orientation is a determining factor for VL in some dogs, but a protective orientation of the acetabular cup was not found. Revision is successful in most dogs, but recurrent VL merits a guarded prognosis.
Relationship of Physical Examination Test of Shoulder Instability to Arthroscopic Findings in Dogs
Authors: DEVITT CHAD M. , NEELY MARLON R. , VANVECHTEN BRIAN J. 
Published: September 2007

Objective— To determine the diagnostic validity of commonly used physical examination maneuvers for shoulder instability.Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=24) referred for shoulder arthroscopy.Methods— Results of physical maneuvers and arthroscopic findings were recorded and sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (LR+), and negative likelihood ratios (LR−) were calculated for each of 4 physical examination test findings for arthroscopic changes in the medial, lateral, cranial, or caudal compartments of the shoulder joint viewed in dorsal recumbency by lateral and craniomedial portals.Results— Distribution of compartment changes was: medial (17 dogs), caudal (15), cranial (12), and lateral (5). The biceps test had a moderate effect (LR+=9) on post‐test probability of cranial compartment changes and a small effect on post‐test probability of lateral and caudal compartment changes (LR+=3 and 2.4, respectively). Hyperabduction had a minimal effect and mediolateral instability test had a small effect (LR+=1.64 and 2.68, respectively) on post‐test probability of medial compartment changes. Craniocaudal instability test had little to no effect on post‐test probability of changes in any compartment.Conclusions— Physical examination tests evaluated were limited in their ability to predict the type of arthroscopic pathology in this study population.Clinical Relevance — Clinicians should understand that a diagnostic test performs inconsistently based on prevalence of a condition in a given patient population. The use of likelihood ratios can assist clinicians in determining the probability of intraarticular changes from a group with a differing prevalence than the patient population presented.
Minimally Invasive Cholecystostomy in the Dog: Evaluation of Placement Techniques and Use in Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction
Authors: MURPHY SEAN M. , RODRÍGUEZ JULIAN D. , McANULTY JONATHAN F. 
Published: September 2007

Objective— To evaluate 4 methods of cholecystostomy catheter placement and to report on laparoscopic (Lap) cholecystostomy for the management of extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) in 3 dogs.Study Design— Experimental study and clinical report.Animals— Cadaveric dogs (n=20); 2 canine and 1 feline patient.Methods— Pigtail cholecystostomy catheters were inserted in 20 canine cadavers using ultrasound (US) or Lap guidance. Insertion routes were either transperitoneal or transhepatic. Methods studied included Lap‐transperitoneal, US‐transperitoneal, US‐transhepatic, and US‐Seldinger (n=5 dogs/group). Insertion success, pleural penetration, and insertion site leakage (Lap‐transperitoneal group) were evaluated. Three clinical EHBO cases were treated by Lap‐transperitoneal technique.Results— Insertion success was 100% by Lap‐transperitoneal but 0% with US‐transperitoneal and US‐Seldinger methods. US‐transhepatic yielded 3 of 5 successful placements. The pleura was penetrated in all US‐transhepatic and US‐Seldinger insertions. Leakage pressure for Lap‐transperitoneal catheters averaged 75 cm H2O (±20 cm H2O). Lap‐transperitoneal cholecystostomy resulted in marked improvement in 2 dogs, but the catheter became obstructed in the cat. One dog spontaneously regained common bile duct patency and the remaining 2 animals had successful cholecystoenterostomy.Conclusions— In cadaver testing, the Lap‐transperitoneal cholecystostomy method was superior based on high insertion success with no pleural penetration. In 2 clinical cases, Lap‐transperitoneal placement successfully provided biliary drainage for patient stabilization.Clinical Relevance— The role for temporary cholecystostomy has yet to be established, but may aid patient stabilization and mortality reduction in EHBO.
The Use of Vacuum‐Assisted Closure Therapy for the Treatment of Distal Extremity Wounds in 15 Dogs
Authors: BEN‐AMOTZ RON , LANZ OTTO I. , MILLER JONATHAN M. , FILIPOWICZ DEAN E. , KING MICHAEL D. 
Published: September 2007

Objective— To evaluate clinical outcome after vacuum‐assisted closure (VAC) therapy in dogs with traumatic wounds located in the distal extremities and report our early experience with VAC.Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=15) with traumatic distal extremity wounds.Methods— Medical records (1999–2003) of dogs with traumatic injuries to the distal extremities managed by VAC were evaluated. Data included signalment, location of wound, time until surgical intervention, wound reconstruction methods, orthopedic procedures, outcome, complications associated with VAC, and length of hospitalization.Results— The mean number of days until reconstruction was 4.6 days (range, 2–7 days). Reconstructive surgery was successful in all cases. Mean hospitalization was 9.7 days (range, 6–16 days). Complications included dermatitis at the wound margin and loss of vacuum causing wound desiccation.Conclusion— VAC therapy can be used to achieve adequate management of traumatic distal extremity wounds. VAC provides an effective method of securing skin grafts over the wound bed.Clinical Relevance— VAC therapy can be used as an ancillary treatment for distal extremity wounds in dogs before surgical repair as well as a method for securing skin grafts to the wound bed.
Radiographic, Computed Tomographic, and Arthroscopic Evaluation of Experimental Radio‐Ulnar Incongruence in the Dog
Authors: WAGNER KAHRMA , GRIFFON DOMINIQUE J. , THOMAS MICHEAL W. , SCHAEFFER DAVID J. , SCHULZ KURT , SAMII VALERIE F. , NECAS ALOIS 
Published: September 2007

Objective—To compare the diagnostic value of arthroscopy, computed tomography (CT), and radiography for evaluation of radio‐ulnar incongruence (RUI).Study Design—Experimental evaluation of induced progressive RUI.Sample Population—Cadaveric Labrador forelimbs (n=11).Methods—The radius was shortened by 1, 2, and 3 mm with a surgical model of RUI. RUI was scored on radiographs, CT (2 radiologists), and arthroscopy (2 surgeons) before and after each modification. The sensitivity and specificity of each modality were compared. The effects of arthroscope and elbow position on arthroscopy observations were evaluated. Agreement between surgeons, radiologists, and each imaging technique and the known status of the elbow was calculated.Results—Complete arthroscopic sessions had an averaged sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 81.9%. The ability to detect mild incongruity (1 mm step) was greater at the incisure than other locations (P<.001). The average sensitivity and specificity of radiography were 99.3% and 42.4%, and for CT were 85.05% and 45.8%, respectively. The average agreement between imaging techniques and the known status of the elbows was greater with complete arthroscopic sessions (89.75%) than radiography (70.1%) and CT (76.85%). Inter‐investigator agreement was greater between surgeons scoring arthroscopic examinations (88.6%) than radiologists scoring CT studies (43.9%).Conclusions—Evaluation of arthroscopic images allows sensitive and reproducible detection of experimental RUI, especially at the incisure. Arthroscopic evaluation of experimental RUI reached a higher diagnostic value than radiographs and CT images, because of its specificity and reproducibility.Clinical Relevance—The diagnostic value and reproducibility of arthroscopy may compare favorably with those of CT when evaluating RUI in dogs with elbow disease.
Surgical Treatment of Lumbosacral Foraminal Stenosis Using a Lateral Approach in Twenty Dogs with Degenerative Lumbosacral Stenosis
Authors: GÖDDE THOMAS , STEFFEN FRANK 
Published: September 2007

Objectives— To describe clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical findings using a lateral approach to the lumbosacral intervertebral foramen and to evaluate clinical outcomes in dogs with or without concurrent dorsal decompression and annulectomy.Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=20) with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS).Methods— Medical records (2002–2006) of dogs that had lumbosacral lateral foraminotomy alone or in combination with dorsal decompression were reviewed. Degree of dysfunction was assessed separately for each pelvic limb; dogs with unilateral signs were included in group A, those with bilateral signs in group B. Retrieved data were: signalment, history, neurologic status on admission, 3 days, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively, duration of clinical signs, results of MRI, surgical site(s), intraoperative findings, and outcome.Results— Based on the clinical and MRI findings unilateral foraminotomy was performed in 8 dogs, bilateral foraminotomy in 1 dog, unilateral foraminotomy with concurrent dorsal decompression in 7 dogs, and bilateral foraminotomy with concomitant dorsal decompression in 4 dogs. Surgery confirmed the presence of foraminal stenosis in all dogs, with osteophyte formation and soft tissue proliferations being the most common lesions. Outcome was good to excellent in 19 dogs and poor in 1 dog. Mean follow‐up was 15.2 months (range, 6–42 months).Conclusion— Lateral foraminotomy addresses compressive lesions within exit and middle zones of the lumbosacral foramen.Clinical Relevance— Successful surgical management of DLSS is dependent on recognition and correction of each of the compressive lesions within the lumbosacral junction.
Disparate osteogenic response of mandible and iliac crest bone marrow stromal cells to pamidronate
Authors: Stefanik D , Sarin J , Lam T , Levin L , Leboy PS , Akintoye SO 
Published: September 2007

Objective:  Long‐term administration of intravenous bisphosphonates like pamidronate is associated with jaw osteonecrosis but axial and appendicular bones remain unaffected. Pathogenesis of bisphosphonate‐associated jaw osteonecrosis may relate to skeletal site‐specific effects of bisphosphonates on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) of orofacial and axial / appendicular bones. This study evaluated and compared skeletal site‐specific osteogenic response of mandible (orofacial bone) and iliac crest (axial bone) human BMSCs to pamidronate.Materials and methods:  Mandible and iliac crest BMSCs from six normal healthy volunteers were established in culture and tested with pamidronate to evaluate and compare cell survival, osteogenic marker alkaline phosphatase, osteoclast differentiation in co‐cultures with CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells, gene expression of receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin, and in vivo bone regeneration.Results:  Mandible BMSCs were more susceptible to pamidronate than iliac crest BMSCs based on decreased cell survival, lower alkaline phosphatase production, and structurally less organized in vivo bone regeneration. Pamidronate promoted higher RANKL gene expression and osteoclast recruitment by mandible BMSCs.Conclusion:  Mandible and iliac crest BMSC survival and osteogenic differentiation are disparately affected by pamidronate to favor dysregulated mandible bone homeostasis.
Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate in relation to sicca symptoms in Hungary
Authors: Márton K , Madléna M , Bánóczy J , Varga G , Fejérdy P , Sreebny LM , Nagy G 
Published: September 2007

Objective:  To assess the prevalence of xerostomia and the related oral and extraoral dryness symptoms in Hungary, to evaluate the association of those symptoms with the unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) flow rate, and to find correlation between the level of UWS flow rate and the oral health status of the questioned patients.Subjects And Methods:  A total of 600 patients between the age of 18 and 92 years, 265 male, 335 female, were selected in accordance with the current regional age and residence distribution scheme of the Hungarian Statistical Office. A questionnaire was designed to determine the subjective presence or absence of the sicca symptoms. UWS flow rate and the dental and periodontal status were determined.Results:  The percentages of subjective symptoms in the questioned subjects were oral dryness, 34%; reduced salivation, 11%; mucous saliva, 15%; dysphagia, 13%; glossopyrosis, 7%; dysphonia, 31%; dysgeusia, 9%; nasal dryness, 32%; ocular dryness, 21%; itching, 40% and xeroderma, 60%. Vaginal dryness was 14%, vaginal itching was 16% in the interviewed women. The grade of xerostomia, dysphagia, tiredness, and additionally the gingival bleeding index showed a negative correlation with the UWS flow rate. After all decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMF‐T) mean values, gingival bleeding index and plaque index were significantly higher in hyposalivators, compared with those who had normal flow ratesConclusion:  This cross sectional study, representative of the Hungarian population, clearly shows that one‐third of the adult population suffers from xerostomia. The clinical severity of the xerostomia demonstrated a strong relationship with the lower levels of UWS flow rate. Reduced levels of UWS flow rate in this study were also shown to be associated with dysphagia, fatigue, and increased DMF‐T numbers. The data show that oral dryness, its associated desiccation symptoms and its clinical manifestations are significant health problems in Hungary.
Salivary free radical‐scavenging activity is affected by physical and mental activities
Authors: Atsumi T , Tonosaki K , Fujisawa S 
Published: September 2007

Objective and design:  Free radicals/reactive oxygen species (ROS) are related to inflammation, aging, and cancer. However, living systems have essential antioxidant mechanisms by which these harmful radicals can be scavenged, i.e., free radical‐scavenging activity (FRSA). We measured the circadian rhythm of such activities by detecting salivary FRSA in healthy adults, and also examined how salivary FRSA is affected by physical and mental activities, which included (1) ingestion of beverage, (2) exercise, (3) comfortable/uncomfortable stimulation, and (4) smoking.Methods:  FRSA was determined by using the DPPH (1,1′‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) method. Statistical analysis for experimentally obtained median values was carried out using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results:  In circadian rhythm, FRSA was increased by food ingestion and relaxation. As to the individual activities, green tea and coffee ingestion increased FRSA, whereas swimming (P < 0.05) and dance lessons (P < 0.01) decreased it. Watching an amusing video program (P < 0.001) or stimulation by a pleasant aroma (P < 0.01) increased FRSA. In contrast, an unpleasant odor had no effect on FRSA. FRSA decreased immediately after smoking (P < 0.05), but increased thereafter (P < 0.01).Conclusion:  Salivary FRSA was affected not only by physical activities, but also by mental activities. It may be a parameter for reflecting the health status of individuals.
Immunohistochemical study of GLUT‐1 in oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Authors: Salla JT , Johann ACBR , Lana AMA , Do Carmo MAV , Nunes FD , Mesquita RA 
Published: September 2007

Aim:  To investigate the immunoexpression and diagnostic applicability of human erythrocyte‐type glucose transporter protein (GLUT‐1) in oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors.Material and methods:  Specimens diagnosed as oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors archived in the Oral Pathology Service of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais from 1966 to 2006 were evaluated. Thirty‐four lesions were included: 15 traumatic neuromas, 11 neurofibromas, four neurilemmomas, and four malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). One case of neurofibroma was associated with neurofibromatosis type I. Immunohistochemistry for S‐100 and GLUT‐1 was performed. S‐100 was immunopositive in all lesions.Results:  Benign lesions were immunopositive for GLUT‐1 except in two (18.2%) cases of neurofibromas. In the traumatic neuroma, the perineuriums were immunopositive for GLUT‐1. In the neurofibroma, the immunoreactivity was heterogeneous. Immunopositivity was observed at levels of 54.5% in the periphery of the lesion, 9.1% in the center, and 18.2% in both. The neurilemmoma demonstrated immunopositivity in the capsule. One case (25%) of MPNST presented GLUT‐1 positive stain in occasional cells distributed homogeneously in all the tumor area.Conclusion:  GLUT‐1 is a useful marker for perineurial cells and should be included in the oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors immunophenotyping thus aiding in the correct diagnosis of these lesions.
Recurring déjà vu associated with 5-hydroxytryptophan
Authors: Kalra Seema , Chancellor Andrew , Zeman Adam 
Published: September 2007

Background:Déjà vu occurs both in normal experience and as a neuropsychiatric symptom. Its pathogenesis is partially understood. We describe an iatrogenic case with implications for the neuropharmacological basis of déjà vu.Case presentation:A 42-year-old woman received 5-hydroxytryptophan, in combination with carbidopa, as treatment for palatal tremor, on two occasions, separated by 1 week. On each occasion, she experienced intense, protracted déjà vu, lasting for several hours. We discuss her case in relation to the neuroanatomical and neuropharmacological basis of déjà vu.Conclusion:The serotonergic system is involved in the genesis of déjà vu.
Glutamine and interleukin‐1β interact at the level of Sp1 and nuclear factor‐κB to regulate argininosuccinate synthetase gene expression
Authors: Brasse‐Lagnel Carole , Lavoinne Alain , Loeber David , Fairand Alain , Bôle‐Feysot Christine , Deniel Nicolas , Husson Annie 
Published: September 2007

We previously demonstrated that the expression of the argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) gene, a key step in nitric oxide production, is stimulated either by interleukin‐1β[Brasse‐Lagnel et al. (2005) Biochimie 87, 403–9] or by glutamine in Caco‐2 cells [Brasse‐Lagnel et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 52504–10], through the activation of transcription factors nuclear factor‐κB and Sp1, respectively. In these cells, the fact that glutamine stimulated the expression of a gene induced by pro‐inflammatory factors appeared paradoxical as the amino acid is known to exert anti‐inflammatory properties in intestinal cells. We therefore investigated the effect of simultaneous addition of both glutamine and interleukin‐1β on ASS gene expression in Caco‐2 cells. In the presence of both compounds for 4 h, the increases in ASS activity, protein amount and mRNA level were almost totally inhibited, implying a reciprocal inhibition between the amino acid and the cytokine. The inhibition was exerted at the level of the transcription factors Sp1 and nuclear‐κB: (a) interleukin‐1β inhibited the glutamine‐stimulated DNA‐binding of Sp1, which might be related to a decrease of its glutamine‐induced O‐glycosylation, and (b) glutamine induced per se a decrease in the amount of nuclear p65 protein without affecting the stimulating effect of interleukin‐1β on nuclear factor‐κB, which might be related to the metabolism of glutamine into glutamate. The present results constitute the first demonstration of a reciprocal inhibition between the effects of an amino acid and a cytokine on gene expression, and provide a molecular basis for the protective role of glutamine against inflammation in the intestine.
How might we achieve oxygen balance in wounds?
Authors: Davis Paul J 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper describes the mechanism and physiological relevance of a new kind of oxygenating wound care technology, designed to deliver ‘oxygen balance’. It provides a continuous, controlled delivery of dissolved oxygen over an appropriate time scale, at the same time as providing all the required basics of wound care. Even though it is initially perceived as a simple dressing, it is an advanced, active biochemical process contained in a dressing structure, using the enzyme glucose oxidase to capture and transport oxygen from the atmosphere. With this technology, it is proposed that oxygen balance can be defined by relating the levels of achievable oxygenation to the cellular and biochemical activities required to bring about optimal wound healing.
Wound bed preparation and oxygen balance – a new component?
Authors: Sibbald R Gary , Woo Kevin Y , Queen Douglas 
Published: September 2007

AbstractChronic wounds have traditionally been treated by conservative means. It was Winter’s moist wound healing research, in 1962, that stimulated a proliferation of a moist interactive dressing technologies. Even considering this advancement in thinking, chronic wounds continue to be a problem for many clinicians. An increasing delineation of the science of healing in the past 20 years has redefined the way in which we both evaluate and treat wounds. This scientific understanding has raised wound care from the clinical problem arena to that of clinical specialty, where many now cross refer patients to specialists in this field. Wound bed preparation (WBP) has played a significant role in this change in practice. The concept has changed an ‘art’ of switching at random from one dressing to another, into a clinical science. WBP has come to the forefront as a major educational aid to help others develop appropriate treatment of the underlying disease causing the wound and patient requirements. The concept of WBP evolved over the recent years, becoming more and more sophisticated with time. Recent adaptations have brought together many of the current components. This article proposes yet another element of WBP, that of ‘oxygen balance’.