bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Soil Monitoring Law for Europe
Authors: Panagos Panos , Jones Arwyn , Lugato Emanuele , Ballabio Cristiano 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver 60% of European soils are unhealthy according to the Soil Mission board estimates and the indicators presented in the European Union (EU) Soil degradation dashboard. The situation may worsen if no policy interventions are taken. The unsustainable use of natural resources, in particular the degradation of soils, precipitates biodiversity loss, exacerbated by the climate crisis. In particular, in the EU alone, soil degradation costs over €50 billion per year due to the loss of essential services they provide and to the impact on human health. Here a more precise estimation of the soil degradation cost related to a set of soil degradation processes, ranging between €40.9 and 72.7 billion per year is presented. This newly updated estimate compared to the Impact assessment of the Soil Monitoring Law takes into account the costs of soil erosion, contamination, phosphorus losses, soil carbon losses, nitrogen losses, soil compaction, and soil sealing. However, this estimation might double if it is added to the costs of soil biodiversity loss, floods, droughts, off‐site effects of soil erosion, and health consequences of soil contamination. Therefore, further research is needed to address this knowledge gap and estimate the missing costs. Soil degradation is a critical issue with transboundary implications that requires urgent attention and action at the EU level. The costs of soil degradation are substantial, both in terms of environmental impacts and economic consequences, highlighting the importance of investing in sustainable soil management practices and a harmonized EU soil monitoring system. By addressing soil degradation through the proposed Soil Monitoring Law, investing significant amounts for research and innovation in the Soil Mission, and promoting international cooperation, the EU can take solid steps toward protecting its soil resources and achieving a sustainable future for all.
Auffüllung geotechnisch gefährdeter Kippentieflagen mit dem Leichtbaustoff Perlite
Authors: Soltau Philipp , Göthel Petra , Sommer Kathy 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAls Projektträger der ostdeutschen Bergbausanierung entwickelt die Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau‐Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH (LMBV) neuartige Ansätze für effektive und nachhaltige Lösungen zur Wiedernutzbarmachung bergbaulich beanspruchter Flächen. In den Lausitzer Braunkohlentagebauen wurde der zur Kohlefreilegung abgetragene Abraum großflächig verkippt. Die locker gelagerten Kippenböden sind bei Wasseraufsättigung infolge des Grundwasserwiederanstieges äußerst verflüssigungsempfindlich. Insbesondere in Kippentieflagen mit geringen Grundwasserflurabständen besteht beim Befahren mit schwerem Gerät eine erhebliche Gefährdung durch großräumige Geländeeinbrüche und Rutschungen, da der Boden im Verflüssigungsfall seine Tragfähigkeit verliert. Die vom Bergbau beanspruchten Flächen sind für eine forst‐ und landwirtschaftliche Folgenutzung wiederherzustellen, jedoch ist der Einsatz schwerer Geräte für die Sanierung angesichts der geotechnischen Gefährdungen nicht möglich. Es war daher erforderlich, für grundwasserflurnahe Kippenbereiche alternative Sanierungstechnologien zu entwickeln und zu testen. Als innovatives Verfahren wurde die Verfüllung von Tieflagen mit einem Leichtbaustoff ausgearbeitet, wobei dieser aus sicherer Entfernung über Schlauchleitungen herantransportiert und eingebaut werden kann. Ziel des Verfüllens ist die Herstellung ausreichender Grundwasserflurabstände, um damit die Tragfähigkeit für den anschließenden Einsatz von Erdbautechnik zur weiteren Überdeckung mit kulturfähigem Boden zu gewährleisten. Nach Vorauswahl und umfangreichen Laboruntersuchungen wurde der Leichtbaustoff Perlite ausgewählt und dessen Anwendbarkeit in einem Pilotvorhaben überprüft. Es wurde eine Einbautechnologie hinsichtlich Staubentwicklung, erforderlicher Wasserzugabe, Förderreichweite und Auffüllleistung getestet. Ebenso wurden die Perliteoberfläche bezüglich der Begeh‐ und Befahrbarkeit sowie das Setzungsverhalten bei Überdeckung mit Boden untersucht. Die Eignung des Leichtbaustoffes Perlite zur Verfüllung grundwassernaher Kippentieflagen kann bestätigt werden. Aufgrund der hohen Gestellungskosten der Perlite ist der zukünftige Einsatz als Sondertechnologie in besonders sensiblen Kippenbereichen vorgesehen.
Evaluation of Complete Blood Count Parameters in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aghaei Mojtaba , Bahreiny Seyed Sobhan , Zayeri Zeynab Deris , Davari Nader , Abolhasani Mohammad Mehdi , Saki Najmaldin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsSeveral studies were performed to evaluate the relationship between CBC and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this review, we discussed the prognostic value of CBC parameters in DM patients.MethodsEnglish literature was searched and retrieved from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database (1980–2024). “Diabetes mellitus,” “Blood cell count,” “Mean platelet volume,” “Leukocytes,” and “Inflammation” were used as keywords.ResultsDM increases vascular inflammation and oxidative stress, while vascular inflammation affects erythropoiesis and red blood cell deformation, thus increasing red cell distribution width (RDW). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is another useful prognostic biomarker for DM patients. Additionally, elevated neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels are associated with poor glycemic control in T2DM patients, so it can be used as a screening tool in diabetic follow‐up.ConclusionRDW can be used as a valuable independent biomarker to assess the prognosis of patients with DM. MPV can also be used as a noninvasive, widely available, and low‐cost marker as a key factor as well as a Prognostic/diagnostic biomarker that could be used for DM patients. Total white blood cell count, NLR, Mean platelet volume lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR), and monocyte to high‐density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) are valuable biomarkers in predicting DM.
Machine learning for discrimination of phase‐change chalcogenide glasses
Authors: Xu Qundao , Xu Meng , Tang Siqi , Yuan Shaojie , Xu Ming , Zhang Wei , Li Xian‐Bin , Wang Zhongrui , Miao Xiangshui , Wang Chengliang , Wuttig Matthias 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChalcogenides, despite their versatile functionality, share a notably similar local structure in their amorphous states. Particularly in electronic phase‐change memory applications, distinguishing these glasses from neighboring compositions that do not possess memory capabilities is inherently difficult when employing traditional analytical methods. This has led to a dilemma in materials design since an atomistic view of the arrangement in the amorphous state is the key to understanding and optimizing the functionality of these glasses. To tackle this challenge, we present a machine learning (ML) approach to separate electronic phase‐change materials (ePCMs) from other chalcogenides, based upon subtle differences in the short‐range order inside the glassy phase. Leveraging the established structure–property relations in chalcogenide glasses, we select suitable features to train accurate machine learning models, even with a modestly sized dataset. The trained model accurately discerns the critical transition point between glass compositions suitable for use as ePCMs and those that are not, particularly for both GeTe–GeSe and Sb2Te3–Sb2Se3 materials, in line with experiments. Furthermore, by extracting the physical knowledge that the ML model has offered, we pinpoint three pivotal structural features of amorphous chalcogenides, that is, the bond angle, packing efficiency, and the length of the fourth bond, which provide a map for materials design with the ability to “predict” and “explain”. All three of the above features point to the smaller Peierls‐like distortion and more well‐defined octahedral clusters in amorphous ePCMs than non‐ePCMs. Our study delves into the mechanisms shaping these structural attributes in amorphous ePCMs, yielding valuable insights for the AI‐powered discovery of novel materials.image
Characterization of Particles From Collagen Bio‐Stimulating Materials Used in Facial Filling Procedures
Authors: de Moraes Nobre Marina , Fraga May Anny Alves , Dal Coll Valéria , Brito Cássia Almeida , de Menezes Livia Rodrigues , Thebit Marcela Marçal , Correr Américo Bortolazzo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to characterize the calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) particles present in collagen bio‐stimulating materials used in facial rejuvenation procedures. Five collagen bio‐stimulating materials were evaluated: Radiesse, Rennova Diamond, HarmonyCa, Victalab Bio‐stimulator, and Optimus Bio‐stimulator. One gram of each material was successively immersed in water to remove the organic part (carboxymethyl cellulose) until the supernatant was clear. Particle morphology and composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x‐ray microanalysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Radiesse showed particles with homogeneous distribution, spherical shape, and size between 24 and 38 μm. Rennova Diamond and HarmonyCa had a spherical shape and varied sizes, between 12–62 μm and 22–51 μm, respectively. Victalab and Optimus showed irregular particles, sharp angles, and sizes between 3–93 μm and 4–57 μm, respectively. FTIR analyzes showed that all materials presented CaHA with similar composition. It can be concluded that the collagen bio‐stimulator materials presented different inorganic contents in terms of size and morphology.
The 50 most cited studies on trochleoplasty
Authors: Pfarrmaier Alexander , Vieider Romed P. , Sanchez Rodrigo , Muench Lukas N. , Willinger Lukas , Siebenlist Sebastian , Runer Armin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to analyse the 50 most cited publications on trochleoplasty (TP), examine their bibliographic parameters and evaluate the correlations between citation count, methodological quality and other factors.MethodsIn a comprehensive literature search on the Web of Science, the 50 most cited studies on TP were identified. These studies were then evaluated according to their bibliographic parameters, level of evidence (LOE), citation counts, the Modified Coleman Methodological Score (MCMS), the Methodological Index for Non‑Randomised Studies (MINORS) and the Radiologic Methodology and Quality Scale (MQCSRE).ResultsOf the top 50 list, 15 articles (30%) were published in the journal ‘Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy’ (KSSTA). A total of 39 studies were published by institutes from Europe (78%), with France and Switzerland being represented 10 times each. Of eight different study types, case series (n = 25, 50%) and systematic reviews (n = 16, 32%) were the most prevalent. LOE included Level III (n = 1, 2%), Level IV (n = 41, 82%) and Level V studies (n = 8, 16%) studies. The total citation count amounted to 2481 citations, ranging from 10 to 187 (mean 49.6 ± 41.5) and showed a mean citation density of 5.1 ± 2.6. Quality scores were 60.8 ± 9.8 for MCMS (n = 26), 11.1 ± 2.9 for MINORS (n = 26) and 22.5 ± 2.1 for MQCSRE (n = 25), respectively. High citation counts did not statistically correlate with higher study quality scores (p > 0.05).ConclusionOverall, there is growing scientific interest in TP as a treatment option for patients suffering from patellofemoral instability despite the lack of articles with a high LOE and methodological quality. This review of the top 50 most cited studies provides orthopaedic surgeons with a resource to assess the most impactful academic contributions to TP.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
12.5% of all women's and 7.7% of all men's players from the 2022 and 2023 FIFA World Cups underwent a previous anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Astur Diego Costa , De Melo Salgado Gabriel , Dal Piva Marina , Radamessi David Ken Nagata , Sinibaldi Edward Patrick , De Albuquerque Filho Antonio Bezerra , Neto Hassan Ahmad Hauache , Ramos Leonardo Adeo , Cohen Moisés 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in athletes who participated in the men's 2022 and women's 2023 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA®) World Cups, comparing the incidence between genders, positions and the stages reached by the teams during the competition.MethodsThis is a media analysis study, and data were collected from official club and FIFA® websites: a list of athletes who played during the men's 2022 and women's 2023 FIFA® World Cup, a list of athletes who already did an ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and rehabilitation before the competition, and stages from each team during the competition.Results12.5% of the athletes in the women's competition (92 athletes) and 7.7% in the men's competition (64 athletes) underwent ACLR surgery before. When comparing positions (goalkeeper, defence, midfield and forwards), there were no statistical differences between men (p = 0.97) and women (p = 0.26). According to the competition stage, the prevalence increased from 12.5% in the group stage to 17.4% in the finals (p = 0.05) for women and ranged from 6.8% to 7.9% (p = 0.87) among men. The number of ACL revision surgeries was 18 in women players (2.4% of total, 19.4% of those operated) and 5 in men players (0.6% of total, 7.5% of those operated). No statistical difference in revision rates between men and women (p = 0.16).ConclusionIn the highest football level competition in the world (FIFA® World Cup), there was no statistical difference between the number of men and women called up and who participated after ACLR, rehabilitation and return to sport (12.5% vs. 7.7%; p > 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of ACL‐operated players belonging to each team that played in the World Cup increased from the stage of groups to the final in the female category (p = 0.05), but remained stable in the male category (p = 0.87).Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Safety and efficacy of living donor liver transplantation for unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A single center prospective study
Authors: Ito Takashi , Taura Kojiro , Fukumitsu Ken , Okumura Shinya , Ogiso Satoshi , Anazawa Takayuki , Nagai Kazuyuki , Uchida Yoichiro , Ishii Takamichi , Hatano Etsuro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis for unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (phCCA) is extremely poor. Liver transplantation in combination with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy has become the treatment of choice for unresectable phCCA in the USA. In 2018, we launched a prospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for unresectable phCCA.MethodsA total of 10 patients were enrolled in this study between 2018 and 2024. Finally, five patients with unresectable phCCA underwent LDLT after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiation, and staging laparotomy, while the other five patients dropped out of the protocol.ResultsThe median follow‐up period was 23.7 months. The overall survival rate for the five patients who underwent LDLT was 100% after one year. Hepatic artery thrombosis and delayed gastric emptying occurred in two and three cases, respectively. The histological efficacy of preoperative treatment was grade IIb and III, according to the Evans classification, in all five patients. All surgical margins and dissected lymph nodes were negative. Four patients were alive with no evidence of disease recurrence while one patient had recurrence 10 months after LDLT.ConclusionsLDLT is feasible and may be a last‐resort treatment option for unresectable phCCA, although the long‐term outcomes need to be carefully monitored.Clinical trial register and clinical registration numberThe UMIN registration number for this study is 000033348.
Differential Serotype Specificity in the IgG Subclass Profile of the Anti‐Domain III Response Elicited by Dengue Virus Infection
Authors: González‐Lodeiro Luis Gabriel , Barrios Roque Patricia , Gómez Hernández Nivaldo , Medina‐Carrasco Danya , García de Castro Lisandra E. , Huerta Galindo Vivian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDengue is a potentially fatal disease caused by any of the four serotypes of dengue virus complex (DENV1‐4). Domain III (DIII) of the envelope protein mediates early virus:cell interactions and is target of potent neutralizing antibodies. Little data is available on the dynamic of IgG subclasses in anti‐DIII response elicited during viral infection. Fifty‐eight human sera were used to characterize the IgG subclass profile of the anti‐DIII antibody response in terms of abundance and serotype‐specificity. Immunodominant epitopes were also determined using 70 Ala‐mutants of a recombinant DIII protein that spans residues with more than 15% of the exposed area in the virion. IgG1 and IgG3 were found as the subclasses that react to control primary infections while a significant response was detected for all IgG subclasses in response to secondary infections. Anti‐DIII IgG1 exhibits a distinctive pattern of serotype‐specificity with respect to the other IgG subclasses in the recognition of recombinant DIII proteins corresponding to the four DENV serotypes. The dominant epitope of IgG1 is located in the FG‐loop, which is characterized by high variability in its amino acid sequence. In contrast, the dominant epitopes of IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 were defined as regions enriched in complex‐ and subcomplex conserved residues such as the A‐strand and the AB‐loop of DIII. IgG1 plays a prominent role in neutralizing circulating DENV during infection. A balanced and timely response of the different IgG subclasses is critical in the evolution of dengue disease.
Soil Salinity Reduces Soil Carbon Storage Mainly by Decreasing Inorganic Carbon in the Ring Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Zhang Heyu , Liu Liyan , Wu Tianzhong , Feng Yiming , Guan Wenke , Liu Yongping , Xu Bingcheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSaline soil is an important inorganic carbon pool and is highly susceptible to environmental change. The Tarim Basin is the largest inland basin around the world, with saline land making up approximately 20% of its total area, while few research has been conducted on salt‐affected soil carbon density and its distribution in the region. To identify the effect of soil salinity on soil carbon density, we collected 135 soil profiles (0–100 cm), and calculated the soil organic carbon density (SOCD), soil inorganic carbon density (SICD), soil total carbon density (STCD) and their distribution, and discussed their relationships with climate and soil physicochemical properties. Results showed that average STCD, SOCD, and SICD at 0–100 cm soil profile were 25.0, 3.7, and 21.3 kg C m−2, respectively. SICD was approximately 6.30–9.04 times higher than SOCD. The vertical distribution of SOCD decreased with increasing soil depth, whereas STCD and SICD increased. Soil salinity had negative effects on STCD by reducing both SOCD and SICD, with the negative impact increasing with salinity degrees. Compared to non‐salinity, STCD at 0–100 cm soil profile decreased by 10.5%, 7.0% and 10.5% under light, moderate, and severe salinity, respectively. Random forest analysis indicated that soil total nitrogen content (STN) and soil bulk density (BD) were the most important predictor variables for estimating SOCD and SICD. Soil salinity had significant negative correlation with STN and BD, resulting in a negative effect on SOCD and SICD. Our findings emphasized that soil salinity reduced STCD mainly by reducing SICD, and the reduction in carbon stocks increased with increasing soil salinity degree. In addition, mitigation of the adverse effects of soil salinity on STC stocks could be considered by increasing STN content and soil bulk density.
Mapping the Mentorship Landscape in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Training Programs: A Cross‐Canadian Survey
Authors: Chen Tanya , Silver Jennifer A. , Seikaly Hadi , Nguyen Lily H. P. , Chan Yvonne 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to explore the current landscape of mentorship within Canadian Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) programs by investigating the experiences and perspectives of OHNS trainees and program directors (PDs).Study DesignA cross‐sectional survey study.MethodsAnonymized online questionnaires were sent to all residents and PDs of the 13 accredited OHNS residency programs across Canada. The questionnaires collected qualitative and quantitative information about the type of mentorship (formal vs informal) programs implemented, as well as individuals' experiences and opinions on mentorship.ResultsOf residents, 57.1% (92/161) completed the survey, whereas 84.6% (11/13) of PDs completed the survey. Of residents, 45.7% (42/92) participated in formal mentorship programs and 72.8% (67/92) participated in informal mentorship programs. The PDs perceived the importance of formal mentorship at 3.0/5. Residents reported greater satisfaction with informal mentorship relationships compared to formal mentorship (4.4/5 vs 3.7/5, P < .01) due to a more organic initiation of relationship and a better personality match. The main areas for improvement of current mentorship programs included the availability of mentors, networking opportunities, and protected time for encounters.ConclusionSurgical residents found informal mentorship to be more beneficial than formal mentorship. However, residency programs should provide more guidance and structure to optimize hybrid mentorship opportunities and mentor selection/availability. Mentorship training or development resources for attending physicians and feedback opportunities are essential for efficient relationships.
Tribological Behavior of Self‐Lubricating PEEK/Graphite/Ti3SiC2 Composites Under Dry Sliding Friction
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Qingsong , Xie Xi , Sui Guoxin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMost polymers and composites suffer from high friction and wear due to their inherent lack of self‐lubrication under dry sliding friction. Herein, the lamellar Ti3SiC2 MAX material is prepared via vacuum sintering of a powder mixture containing Ti, Si, and TiC in the molar ratio of 1:1.1:1.8 at 1500°C under a pressure of 30 MPa for 2 h. Combined with a soft graphite phase (5 wt%), self‐lubricating PEEK/Graphite/Ti3SiC2 (PG‐T) composites are successfully prepared, dependent on Ti3SiC2 (5 and 15 wt%) as a hard reinforced phase and lubrication additive. PG‐T composites are fabricated via a multistep compounding approach using a twin‐screw extruder. The incorporation of Ti3SiC2 and graphite within the PEEK matrix manifests a highly pronounced synergistic effect, which not only facilitates effective lubrication but also significantly enhances the load‐bearing capability, thereby effectively circumventing direct contact between the counterface and the polymeric matrix. The sliding tests are conducted on the pins (diameter: 6.0 mm, height: 17.0 mm) and friction pair (45#steel, roughness Ra: 148 nm) under dry friction. In terms of PV‐condition (up to 6 MPa and 3 m/s) (PV is a parameter that reflects the load‐bearing capacity of polymer materials, which is defined by multi‐plying the pressure P by the sliding speed V), PG5‐T15 exhibits self‐lubricating properties, featured by an average coefficient of friction (ACOF) as low as 0.119 for the pin‐plate test and a specific wear rate (SWR) of only 0.58 × 10−6 mm3/Nm. Meanwhile, PG‐T composites present excellent thermal properties based on the thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs) and storage moduli (G′) during friction and wear. Considering the practical applications of tribo‐composites, these findings highlight the potential of PG‐T composite as a candidate for demanding tribological applications.