bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the pyrolysis characteristics of rolling oil sludge in the iron and steel industry
Authors: Ge Lichao , Mai Longhui , Li Qian , Wang Yang , Li Shangjie , Zha Wentian , Xu Chang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPyrolysis is an effective technology that can recover energy and resources from rolling oil sludge (ROS), a hazardous waste. In this work, thermogravimetric analysis experiments were used to investigate the variation in the thermal weight loss curve of the ROS at different heating rates and then assesses the pyrolysis characteristics of the ROS. Based on the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall (OFW), Friedman (FM), and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) models, the characteristic reaction kinetics of the ROS pyrolysis process were calculated. The apparent activation energy trends calculated by the three models were the same, and in all cases, the apparent activation energy increased with increasing conversion ratio. The thermodynamic function of the pyrolysis process at different heating rates was calculated via the OFW model, and A, ΔH, and ΔS tended to increase with increasing conversion ratio. An experimental tubular furnace study revealed that an increase in the pyrolysis temperature of the ROS had a positive effect on the combustible component content, reducing the component content, iron grade, and metallization ratio of the pyrolysis residue of the pyrolysis gas. Analysis of the pyrolysis behaviour of the ROS revealed that the ROS has the potential for resource utilization.
TRiC Is a Structural Component of Mammalian Sperm Axonemes
Authors: Brown Alan , Leung Miguel Ricardo , Zeev‐Ben‐Mordehai Tzviya , Zhang Rui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe TRiC chaperonin is responsible for folding ~5%–10% of the proteome in eukaryotic cells. Our recent cryo‐electron microscopy studies of axonemes from diverse mammalian cell types led to the surprising discovery that a fully assembled TRiC chaperonin is a structural component of mammalian sperm flagella, where it is tethered to the radial spokes of doublet microtubules. In contrast, axoneme‐tethered TRiC is not observed in mammalian epithelial cilia, nor in any of the non‐mammalian sperm flagella studied to date. In this Perspective, we explore several hypotheses for the potential functions of axoneme‐tethered TRiC in mature sperm.
The Role of Viruses in Cellular Transformation and Cancer
Authors: Damian Donath 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundViral infections are established contributors to oncogenesis, leading to significant public health challenges. This systematic review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the mechanisms of viral cellular transformation and their association with various cancers.Recent findingsStudies reveal key mechanisms of oncogenesis, including direct viral integration into the host genome, expression of viral oncogenes, and indirect pathways such as chronic inflammation and immune evasion. Notably, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) was linked predominantly to cervical and oropharyngeal cancers, while Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) was associated with lymphomas. Hepatitis B and C viruses were linked to liver cancer, highlighting the diverse impacts of viral infections on oncogenic processes.ConclusionsThis review underscores the complexity of viral interactions with host cells and their implications for cancer development. Findings suggest that targeted interventions, such as vaccination and antiviral therapies, may play a crucial role in reducing the incidence of virus‐related cancers. Further research is needed to explore novel therapeutic strategies and the role of co‐factors in viral oncogenesis.
A New Multi‐Objective Binary Bat Algorithm for Feature Selection in Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Laamari Mohamed Amine , Kamel Nadjet 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMonitoring network traffic and detecting security threats is a vital task in today's world, and intrusion detection systems (IDS) have become an essential tool for this purpose. However, IDSs have to analyze large volumes of data, which often contain irrelevant and redundant features. This makes the job of IDSs more challenging, as they must sift through all available features to identify attack patterns, leading to longer processing time and reduced detection accuracy. To address this, we propose a new wrapper approach for solving the feature selection (FS) problem. Our proposed approach uses a novel multi‐objective binary bat algorithm (MBBA‐FS) with a decision tree classifier. The MBBA‐FS aims to produce a set of non‐dominated solutions that minimize the number of features used while maintaining a high detection accuracy. Then, we use a frequency ranking method to identify a single subset of relevant features from the resulting set of non‐dominated solutions. We tested the feasibility and performance of our approach against other leading FS methods using various datasets, including KDD CUP 1999, NLS‐KDD, UNSW‐NB15, and several synthetic benchmarks. The experimental results show that MBBA‐FS outperforms existing FS approaches in terms of classification accuracy and number of selected features.
Task Allocation Algorithm and Simulation Analysis for Multiple AMRs in Digital‐Intelligent Warehouses
Authors: Chen Zixia , Gu Tingquan , Chen Zelin , Zhang Bingda 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn digital‐intelligent warehouses, the heavy handling tasks, complex algorithms with high computational demands, and vast solution spaces pose significant challenges to achieving stable, efficient, and balanced operation of multiple Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) for automated cargo handling. This paper focuses on a virtual smart warehouse environment and employs Python software to conduct simulation experiments for multi‐AMR task allocation. The simulated smart warehouse comprises three idle AMRs and 16 task points that require transportation. The experimental simulations demonstrate that the improved genetic algorithm can find the global optimal solution with relatively low computational cost, meeting the fast response requirements in real‐world operations. It enables stable operation, high efficiency, and balanced task allocation for multiple AMRs. The simulation results validate the reliability of the proposed method, effectively addressing the issues of multi‐AMR task allocation and path planning in digital‐intelligent warehouses.
Low‐Light Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on Improved MSRCP With Chromaticity Preservation
Authors: Feng Wenjian , Wang Zhiwen , Wei Chunmiao , Jiang Xinhui , Wang Yuhang , Huang Jiexia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn response to the issues of poor sharpness and low information entropy in traditional MSRCP (Multi‐Scale Retinex with Color Restoration) algorithms for image enhancement, we propose an improved MSRCP algorithm for low‐light image enhancement with chromaticity preservation. First, we replaced the extrema calculation method in the color restoration function with a calculation method based on clipped pixel ratios. Then, we combined guided filtering and Gaussian filtering to calculate the incident component. Finally, we conducted experiments using six different low‐light images and compared the results with the traditional MSRCP algorithm, such as SSR, MSR, MSRCR, and MSRCP. The experimental results show that our method improved the sharpness and information entropy values in the five comparison images by 5.6%–35.6% and 0.18%–15.3%, respectively.
Revealing Mechanisms of Lithium‐Mediated Nitrogen Reduction Reaction from First‐Principles Simulations
Authors: Zhou Chengyu , Zhao Qing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecently, lithium‐mediated nitrogen reduction reaction (Li‐NRR) in nonaqueous electrolytes has proven to be an environmentally friendly and feasible route for ammonia electrosynthesis, revealing tremendous economic and social advantages over the industrial Haber‐Bosch process which consumes enormous fossil fuels and generates massive carbon dioxide emissions, and direct electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) which suffers from sluggish kinetics and poor faradaic efficiencies. However, reaction mechanisms of Li‐NRR and the role of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer in activating N2 remain unclear, impeding its further development. Here, using electronic structure theory, we discover a nitridation‐coupled reduction mechanism and a nitrogen cycling reduction mechanism on lithium and lithium nitride surfaces, respectively, which are major components of SEI in experimental characterization. Our work reveals divergent pathways in Li‐NRR from conventional direct electrocatalytic NRR, highlights the role of surface reconstruction in improving reactivity, and sheds light on further enhancing efficiency of ammonia electrosynthesis.
A Computational Design of Covalently Bonded Mixed Stacking Cocrystals
Authors: Nguyen Lam H. , Truong Thanh N. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, a computational design of a new type of donor‐acceptor mixed stacking cocrystals is introduced. Our approach involves functionalizing trisilasumanene frameworks with electron‐donating groups (−CH3, −OH, −NH2) and electron‐withdrawing groups (−F, −CN), and then stacking donors and acceptors alternatively while connecting them either by sp3‐ and sp‐carbon chains. Using the B3LYP‐D3/6‐31+G(d) level of theory, we demonstrate that these covalently bonded cocrystals can overcome the issue of thermal and mechanical instabilities observed in the non‐covalently mixed stacking. Furthermore, modifying donor and acceptor groups can vary the bandgaps, approximated by the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gaps, from 1.50 to 3.50 eV. The results also predict the covalently bonded mixed stacking cocrystals having much larger conductance via Yoshizawa model. In addition, variations in bridge lengths were found to have a small effect on the HOMO‐LUMO gaps but allow for a new control parameter regarding the porosity of the materials. These results encourage experimental explorations.
Simultaneous Optimization of Both Electrocyclization and Cycloreversion Reactions of Diarylethene Photoswitches for Solar‐Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Jun , Sukumar Thillaiarasi , Perumalla D. Sravanakumar , Oruganti Baswanth , Durbeej Bo 
Published: February 2025

A popular approach to developing molecular solutions for solar‐energy storage is based on exploiting the reactions of molecular photoswitches. However, given that the reactions in question are usually the reverse of one another, it becomes imperative to handle conflicting performance criteria when optimizing the reactions. Here, studying diarylethene switches operated by electrocyclization (for storing the solar energy) and cycloreversion (for releasing the solar energy) reactions, we show that these processes can be made to simultaneously exhibit the desired characteristics by introducing a tricyclic rather than monocyclic π‐linker as the bridge between the two aryl units. Specifically, we perform quantum chemical calculations to demonstrate that such a scenario is realizable by tailoring, using aromaticity, certain parts of the tricyclic structure for electrocyclization and other parts for cycloreversion. Furthermore, employing this strategy, we identify several diarylethene switches, each with their own unique tricyclic π‐linker, that concurrently meet key performance criteria like large energy‐storage densities and long energy‐storage times. Accordingly, we conclude that there appears to be considerable structural flexibility in implementing the ideas for efficient diarylethene‐based solar‐energy storage put forth in this work.
A Swarm Intelligent–Based Cluster Optimization in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks for ITS
Authors: Y Sandeep. , P Venugopal. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), leading to the Internet of Vehicles (IOV). VANETs are wireless networks without fixed infrastructure, designed to improve traffic safety in real time, supporting intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Due to their unpredictable nature, VANETs face major challenges like frequent link failures, scalability, reliability, network layout issues, quality of service (QoS), and security, all of which are complex and difficult to solve (NP‐hard problems). Traditional protocols are unsuitable for VANETs due to their unique properties. To accomplish the optimal number of clusters and achieve stability in VANETs within a dynamic environment, we propose a swarm‐based metaheuristic algorithm called the rat swarm optimization (RSO) algorithm. The RSO algorithm employs a clustering technique to optimize the network performance and ensure efficient communication in VANETs. The RSO algorithm optimizes load based on node transmission range (Tx range) through effective resource utilization and coordination. RSO organizes the unstructured network into cluster structures and generates near‐optimal clusters and CHs to reduce network randomness and maintain stability with lower communication costs. By keeping the number of clusters at an optimal level, the RSO algorithm enhances cluster lifetime and overall network performance. To assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the RSO algorithm, numerous experiments are performed by using various grid sizes, Tx ranges, and nodes in the network. The generated results demonstrate that the RSO algorithm stimulates 50.96%, 33.15%, 88.73%, and 96.70% optimal number of clusters when contrasted with the clustering algorithm–based on ant colony optimization (CACONET), moth flame clustering algorithm for IoV (MFCA‐IoV), the whale optimization algorithm for clustering in vehicular ad hoc networks (WOACNET), and grasshoppers' optimization‐based node clustering technique for VANETs (GOA) when the Tx range and nodes are taken into consideration. But, when the grid size is considered, the RSO generates 32.31%, 15.23%, 47.04%, and 58.33% optimal number of clusters when compared to cutting‐edge algorithms. Hence, the quantitative results and the statistical representation show the proposed RSO algorithm's effectiveness over cutting‐edge algorithms under the unpredictable nature of VANETs.
Influence of antiplatelet drugs on gastric ulcer healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with early gastric cancer
Authors: Takahashi Kazuto , Nosaka Takuto , Murata Yosuke , Sugata Ryotaro , Akazawa Yu , Tanaka Tomoko , Naito Tatsushi , Matsuda Hidetaka , Ohani Masahiro , Suto Hiroyuki , Nakamoto Yasunari 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe causes of drug‐induced gastroduodenal injuries primarily include antithrombotic drugs, including low‐dose aspirin, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids. These drugs are suspected to affect gastric ulcer healing after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This study aimed to investigate the effects of these drugs on post‐ESD ulcer healing.MethodsThis study included 170 lesions (149 patients) who had undergone ESD for early gastric cancer. Post‐ESD ulcers were endoscopically measured on the 1st, 28th, and 56th days after ESD and were analyzed to identify potential risk factors for delayed ulcer healing among patients taking antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulant drugs, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and no drugs.ResultsMultivariate analysis for the frequency of scarring on the 56th day after ESD showed that antiplatelet drugs (odds ratio [OR], 3.905; p = 0.017), ulcer size of ≥40 mm on the first day (OR, 4.903; p = 0.006), hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% (OR 7.659, p = 0.012), and age of ≥75 (OR, 5.227; p = 0.007) were independent risk factors of delayed ulcer healing. Anticoagulant drugs, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids were not significant factors. Among antiplatelet drugs, the ulcer reduction ratio for clopidogrel on the 28th day after ESD was 84.8%, which was significantly lower than the ulcer reduction ratio of 92.8% for no drug (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAs antiplatelet drugs, particularly clopidogrel, may delay gastric ulcer healing after ESD, careful endoscopic follow‐up and drug therapy are suggested for patients taking these drugs.
First Records of Wild Octopus (Octopus vulgaris) Preying on Adult Invasive Blue Crabs (Callinectes sapidus)
Authors: Fernández Julio , Gestoso Ignacio , Juijn Hidde , Cabanellas‐Reboredo Miguel , Hernández‐Urcera Jorge 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, has rapidly expanded its invasive range ubiquitously in the Mediterranean Sea, posing ecological threats to native ecosystems. In its native habitat, the crab plays a crucial role in the ecosystem, but in invaded areas, it lacks natural predators. This has led to rapid expansion, highlighting the need to monitor and understand biological interactions with the native community. This study reports, for the first time in the wild, the predation of the invasive blue crab by the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, in the Mediterranean Sea. Three sequences (two videos and a photography series) recorded by two spearfisherman (observation 1 and 2) and a recreational SCUBA diver (observation 3) are described. This article highlights the importance of native predators in influencing the expansion or control of invasive species. Additionally, it showcases the capacity of a versatile predator (the octopus), to serve as an ally alongside the fishing strategy, suggesting a novel perspective for ecologically sustainable management, in a context of low native predators of the blue crab. The collaboration with citizen scientists proves crucial in expanding our understanding of predator–prey dynamics and ecological interactions, underlining the need for continued partnerships between researchers and society for effective invasive species management.
Associating cultivars or species with complementary traits is key for enhancing aphid control through bottom‐up effects
Authors: Tous‐Fandos Alba , Chamorro‐Lorenzo Lourdes , Caballero‐López Berta , Blanco‐Moreno José M. , Bragg Daniel , Casiraghi Alice , Pérez‐Ferrer Alejandro , Sans F. Xavier 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOrganic farming promotes diversification strategies to enhance ecological functions. However, early field studies suggested that not all cereal polycultures confer benefits in terms of pest control. Our research involved a trait‐based field study to evaluate the advantages of different wheat polycultures on aphid control and yield. We also explored the bottom‐up and top‐down effects underlying aphid control. We established 10 treatments replicated in five organic fields: three wheat monocultures (Florence‐Aurora [FA], Montcada [MO], and Forment [FO]), a mixture with similar‐traits cultivars (FAMO), and a mixture with different‐traits cultivars (FAFO), each duplicated with and without a burclover undersowing. We analyzed aphid abundance, number of aphids per tiller, parasitism rate, predatory arthropods' abundance, and crop yield. FAFO and burclover undersowing significantly lowered aphid abundance and the number of aphids per tiller on FA. However, the treatments did not affect the abundance of predators or parasitism rates. Finally, wheat yield was similar across treatments, except in 2021 season when FA yielded significantly less. Our findings suggest that polycultures' benefits on aphid control are cultivar specific. Mixing wheat cultivars with complementary functional traits (height and odor profile) and the association of wheat monoculture with a burclover undersowing enhances aphid control by bottom‐up effects without compromising crop yield. Nevertheless, stacking the cultivar mixtures with burclover undersowing did not outperform the results of a single diversity practices, probably because of functional redundancy of resistant cultivars and burclover cover.
More extinction driven by the Red Queen in smaller habitats
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Quan‐Guo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPopulations in antagonistic coevolutionary interactions may “run or die,” and their fates are determined by their evolutionary potential. The asymmetry of evolutionary speed between coevolving partners, for example, resulting from genetic constraints, can be mitigated in larger populations. We therefore hypothesize more frequent extinction driven by antagonistic coevolution with declining habitat size. In bacterium‐virus systems, viruses (the consumers) typically suffer an evolutionary disadvantage due to constraints of genetic variation; and this pattern may apply to host–parasite interactions in general. Here, in our experiment with the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 and its lytic phage virus SBW25Φ2, the likelihood of viral extinction was greater in smaller habitats. Among viral populations that did persist, those from small habitats showed lower infectivity and their coevolving bacterial populations had greater densities. Therefore, the impact of habitat size reduction on biodiversity could be exacerbated by coevolutionary processes. Our results also lead to a number of suggestions for biocontrol practices, particularly for evolutionary training of phages.
Heart failure decompensation with cardiogenic shock exhibits distinct sequential inflammatory profiles
Authors: Brahmbhatt Darshan H. , Scolari Fernando Luis , Fung Nicole L. , Otsuki Madison , Lawler Patrick R. , Ross Heather J. , Kuzmanov Uros , Gramolini Anthony O. , Luk Adriana C. , Billia Filio 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsThe inflammatory profile of cardiogenic shock (CS) after myocardial infarction affects outcomes; however, little is known about the impact of inflammatory changes in CS caused by acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF‐CS). We measured levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with ADHF‐CS admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit (CICU).MethodsWe identified patients admitted to our CICU with ADHF‐CS who had consented to having biospecimens stored. We identified two comparator groups of patients with HF seen as outpatients with stored biospecimens: firstly, those who had no history of decompensation and did not develop CS during follow‐up after sample acquisition (stable HF), and secondly, a group of patients who developed CS during follow‐up (pre‐CS). All samples underwent 48‐plex cytokine and white blood cell differential testing with the differences between groups analysed by comparing means.ResultsEighty‐four ADHF‐CS patients were identified who had samples obtained at a median of 2 [inter‐quartile range (IQR) 0–7] days after CICU admission. Thirty‐six pre‐CS outpatients had samples taken 137 (IQR 41–258) days before admission with CS, and 338 stable HF control patients were included. Cytokine profiles differed between ADHF‐CS and stable HF. Patients with CS had higher pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels [including interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8)] and total white cell counts than stable HF patients. Analysis of the pre‐CS outpatient group suggested an intermediate stage in subacute transition to CS.ConclusionsADHF‐CS is characterized by high levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and total white count, compared with ambulatory HF. Decompensation from HF has two distinct inflammatory phases that may help identify outpatients at risk of CS.