bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pressure on the Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactant Solutions and on the Solubilization of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Kaneshina Shoji , Shibata Osamu , Nakamura Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cloud points in 1.0 wt% aqueous solutions of penta- and hexa(oxyethylene) dodecyl ether increase monotonously with an increase of pressure up to 150 MPa. The elevation of the cloud-point temperature with pressure was 1.05×10−7 and 1.09×10−7 K Pa−1 for respective surfactant. Both volume and enthalpy changes on the separation of the surfactant-rich phase had the positive values. The rise of cloud points on compression is attributable to the enhancement of the hydrogen bonds formation between water and ether oxygens of the poly(oxyethylene) group and partly to the disruption of the “hydrophobic bonding.” The cloud-point temperature at conscant pressure and the cloud-point pressure at constant temperature were also examined as a function of the amount of solubilizate such as hexane and octane. There was an optimum pressure at a given temperature, as well as an optimum temperature at a given pressure, at which the solubilizing power of surfactant is maximum.
Polysoap as a New Titrant for the Determination of Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate by Colloid Titration
Authors: Ono Toshiro , Miyata Haruo , Tôei Kyoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A colloid titration method for the determination of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) with poly(4-vinyl-1-pentylpyridinium bromide) (polysoap) is described. The end-point detection is based on the measurement of turbidity, the transmittance at 420 nm or 680 nm being used for the determination. The most successful results were obtained by titrating LAS (1–7.5×10−4 n) with 2.5×10−3 n polysoap solution. The purity of commercial LAS was found to be 81–84%.
A Synthetic Study of the Solid Solutions in the Systems and La2(CH3)3·8H2O-Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O and La(OH)CO3–Ce(OH)CO3
Authors: Wakita Hisanobu , Kinoshita Setsuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solid solutions in the systems La2(CO3)3·8H2O–Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O and La(OH)CO3–Ce(OH)CO3 have been synthesized by the hydrolysis of the lanthanum–cerium trichloroacetates. The X-ray diffraction data of the solid solutions of La2(CO3)3·8H2O–Ce2(CO3)3·8H2O indicated a lanthanite-type structure while the data of La(OH)CO3–Ce(OH)CO3 indicated a bastnaesite-type structure. The correlations between lanthanite, bastnaesite, and calkinsite, and the lanthanite-bastnaesite transformation are discussed.
Proton Magnetic Resonance Studies of 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) and Its Cobalt(III) Complexes
Authors: Mochizuki Katsura , Ito Tasuku , Fujimoto Masatoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The 1H NMR spectra of PAR, [CoIII(par)2]−, and [CoIII(par)(dien)]+ were measured in D2O solutions. The signals were assigned. The deuteration of H7 was observed in D2O solutions of free ligand PAR around pD 9–10, where PAR exists in the form of LH− having an intramolecular hydrogen-bond. The significant up-field shift for the resonance of H1 was observed in [CoIII(par)2]− but not in [CoIII(par)(dien)]+. The shift was interpreted in terms of the magnetic anisotropy due to the π-electron system of the neighboring PAR molecule in the complex. The down-field shift for the resonance of the H5 signal of the cobalt(III) complexes reflects the structural change of PAR upon chelate-ring formation. PAR coordinates to cobalt(III) ion in planar terdentate fashion, viz., in a mer configuration.
Hydrates of Organic Compounds. IV. Clathrate Hydrates of Various Bolaform Salts
Authors: Nakayama Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solid-liquid phase diagrams are presented for binary mixtures of water with various polymethylene-bis(tributylammonium) difluorides, [(n-C4H9)3N(CH2)nN(n-C4H9)3]F2 (n=4, 5, 6, 8, and 10); and with hexamethylenebis(tributylammonium) dihydroxide and its salts, [(n-C4H9)3N(CH2)6N(n-C4H9)3](X2 or Y) (X=OH, Cl, and Br; Y=OOC–COO and OOC–(CH2)3–COO). It has been found that all the compounds form congruently melting hydrates which have large hydration numbers. The hydrates appear to be clathrate-like hydrates essentially similar to those formed by many tetrabutyl(or isopentyl) ammonium salts. The most stable hydrate found in this study is [(n-C4H9)3N(CH2)6N(n-C4H9)3]F2 hydrate (mp 20.4 °C). The melting points of hexamethylenebis(tributylammonium) hydrates have been compared with those of the corresponding tetrabutylammonium hydrates.
Mutual Catalysis in the Chromium(III)–EDTA–Hydrogen Peroxide System
Authors: Beck Mihály T , Tóth Zoltán 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide catalyzes the reaction between hexaaquachromium(III) and ethylenediaminetetraacctic acid, while chromium(III)–EDTA complex accelerates the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. A mechanism is suggested for the reaction on the basis of gasvolumetric and spectrophotometric experiments.
Ultrasonic Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Butylamines
Authors: Nishikawa Sadakatsu , Mashima Mitsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Ultrasonic absorption and velocity measurements were performed in aqueous solutions of t-butylamine and isobutylamine at 20 °C. Two relaxational absorptions were found in both solutions. One is associated with the proton transfer reaction, the rate constants being determined together with the standard volume change of the reaction. No effect was observed on Kf with change in molecular structure. The other, associated with the peak sound absorption concentration, is ascribed to the association-dissociation reaction mechanism of unionized amine molecules. The results are discussed in comparison with those of butylamine.
The Formation of Mg-bearing Ferrite by the Air Oxidation of Aqueous Suspensions
Authors: Kaneko Ken , Katsura Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
When the Mg2+/Fetotal molar ratio in the initial aqueous suspension is below 0.1 at pH 9.0 and 65 °C, almost all Mg2+ is incorporated into the spinel type ferrite by the air oxidation of Fe(OH)2. The chemical composition of the Mg-bearing ferrite thus obtained is not stoichiometric, and is expressed as the MgFe2O4–Fe3O4–γ-Fe2O3system. When the Mg2+/Fetotal ratio exceeds 0.1, the excess Mg2+ produces a basic magnesium sulfate which has a composition of [Mg1.002+, Na0.64+] [OH1.36−,(SO42−)0.64]. At pH 8.0, a small amount of the Mg2+ is incorporated into the ferrite, between pH 9.0 and 10.0 only the Mg-bearing ferrite is formed, and at pH 11.0, the α-FeOOH type compound is formed together with the Mg-bearing ferrite.
Preparation and Characterization of uns-cis-Trimethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetato Cobalt(III) Complexes with Several l-Amino Acids
Authors: Okabayashi Minahiro , Igi Kozo , Hidaka Jinsai 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Five uns-cis-mer and two uns-cis-fac complexes of (trimethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetato)(l-amino carboxylato)cobalt(III) were prepared, where l-amino carboxylate denotes l-alaninate, l-valinate, l-prolinate, l-hydrogen aspartate, or l-hydrogen glutamate ion. The complexes were separated into the fourteen isomers, Δ-, Λ-uns-cis-mer for the l-alaninato, l-valinato, and textscl-prolinato complexes, and Δ-, Λ-uns-cis-mer and Δ-, Λ-uns-cis-fac for the l-hydrogen aspartato and l-hydrogen glutamato complexes. They were characterized by their proton magnetic resonance, absorption and circular dichroism spectra. Each of the uns-cis-mer and uns-cis-fac isomers showed the characteristic CD behavior in the second absorption band region. The Λ-uns-cis-mer and Δ-uns-cis-fac isomers of the l-aspartato and l-glutamato complexes were stereoselectively formed, the formation ratios of the isomers being estimated spectrophotometrically.
A Computer Program Package for the Analysis, Creation, and Estimation of Generalized Reactions—GRACE. I. Generation of Elementary Reaction Network in Radical Reactions—GRACE(I)
Authors: Yoneda Yukio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The system GRACE generates elementary reaction networks for simple reactions including free radicals, ions and even active sites in heterogeneous catalysis, and also predicts the overall reaction rates and the product distributions in radical reactions in the gas phase where the Arrhenius parameters of elementary reactions are available. In this paper, A/GRACE (part A of GRACE) is explained, which prepares elementary reaction networks for radical reactions. The reactant and the product are represented by square symmetric matrices. The off-diagonal elements represent bond multiplicity, or the number of localized electrons, between corresponding atoms, whereas the diagonal elements imply the number of unshared electrons on radical atoms. A reacting system, an ensemble of the participating molecules, is composed of atom groups, each of which consists of a center atom (usually non-hydrogen) and attached hydrogen atom(s), if any. Firstly, all the possible changes in the atom groups are selected, and the permitted combinations are preapred bearing in mind the equivalent groups in the system and the restrictions optioned. The major restriction is the complexity, i.e., the number of ruptured or formed bonds. A direct sum of matrices are prepared from one of the combinations, and the elementary reaction is completed by setting the appropriate numerals, 1 or −1, to the outside elements. Secondly, the procedures are repeated until all the feasible networks are prepared. As an illustration the hydrogenation of ethylene over a heterogeneous catalyst has been cited.
Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls by UV-irradiation. V. Reaction of 2,4,6-Trichlorobiphenyl in Neutral and Alkaline Alcoholic Solution
Authors: Nishiwaki Tohru , Usui Masao , Anda Kinji , Hida Mitsuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
2,4,6-Trichlorobiphenyl and seven other chlorobiphenyls have been photolyzed in both alkaline and neutral 2-propanol in order to investigate the reactivity and selectivity towards dechlorination. Predominant dechlorination at the 2-position has been confirmed for all PCBs in neutral solution and interpreted in terms of the steric and electronic effects of the phenyl group. In the presence of alkali, however, competitive elimination between the ortho and para chlorine atoms of 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl and 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl occurred. The photo-dechlorination of 2,3- and 2,5-dichlorobiphenyls took place however only at the ortho position. The dechlorination ratios (ortho/para) were 7.5 and 0.8 for 2,4-dichlorobiphenyl and 2,4,6-trichlorobiphenyl, respectively. This characteristic of the ortho chlorine atom has been elucidated assuming the steric and electronic effects of the phenyl group in the radical anion. A correlation has been found between the reduction potential and the reactivity of PCB in alkaline solution. The differences in reactivity among the chlorobiphenyls has been attributed to the electron acceptabilities in the ground states.
Electronic Properties and π-π* Absorption Spectra of 1- and 2-Methyl-4-amino-5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one
Authors: Inuzuka Kozo , Fujimoto Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The tautomerization of 4-amino-5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one (BPP) in the ground state has been briefly discussed by the CNDO/2 method. The π-π* absorption spectra of 1-methyl-4-amino-5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one (1-MBPP) and 2-methyl-4-amino-5H-[1]benzopyrano[3,4-c]pyridin-5-one (2-MBPP) in solution have been obtained. Based on the MO calculations of BPP, assignment of the observed π-π* absorption bands of 1-MBPP and 2-MBPP have been made.
The H/D Isotope Effect in the Reaction of Hydrogen Atoms with Olefins
Authors: Ishikawa Yo-ichi , Sato Shin 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absolute rate constants of reaction of deuterium atoms with seven simple olefins at room temperature have been measured by using the pulse-radiolysis technique. The comparison with the rate constants of reaction of hydrogen atoms previously obtained shows that the ratios of k(D+olefin)/k(H+olefin) are in the range of 0.7–0.8. This isotope effect is theoretically discussed.
The Synthesis of (±)-Glutinosone
Authors: Murai Akio , Taketsuru Hirofumi , Masamune Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of (±)-glutinosone, an antifungal norsesquiterpene from Nicotiana glutinosa infected with tobacco mosaic virus, is described. It has been completed by two processes, one being based on the Robinson annelation method and another on a modification of the Dastur procedure.
Chemistry of Dienyl Anions. III. Crystalline Bis(2,4-pentadienyl)metal Compounds of Be and Zn. Terminally σ-Bonded Structure and Fluxional 1,5-Rearrangement
Authors: Yasuda Hajime , Ohnuma Yasuo , Nakamura Akira , Kai Yasushi , Yasuoka Noritake , Kasai Nobutami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A series of bis(dienyl)beryllium and bis(dienyl)zinc compounds were prepared by metal exchange reaction from seven different dienyl anions and were isolated as crystals of TMEDA complexes. Bis(dienyl)beryllium compounds of open chain structure obtained from pentadienyl, 2-methylpentadienyl, and 3-methylpentadienyl anions assume the terminally σ-bonded (E)-2,4-pentadienyl structure in solution as evidenced by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies. Hydrolysis of these compounds gave 1,4-dienes regioselectively. The corresponding bis(dienyl)zinc compounds exist as a (Z), (E) mixture of teminally σ-bonded structures. An X-ray analysis of pentadienylzinc chloride·TMEDA complex showed that it had terminally σ-bonded (E)-2,4-pentadienyl structure with s-trans conformation. Steric effect of two methyl substituents in bis(2,4-dimethylpentadienyl)zinc induces the (Z) configuration which leads to the fluxional behavior by rapid 1,5-rearrangement above −80 °C.
The Syntheses, Electrical Resistivities, and Electronic Absorption Spectra of Cation–TCNQ–Crown Ether Complexes
Authors: Morinaga Minoru , Nogami Takashi , Kanda Yasuhiro , Matsumoto Tsuruyoshi , Matsuoka Katsumi , Mikawa Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Crown ether complexes with alkali-metal–, ammonium–, and barium–TCNQ salts were isolated. Their electrical resistivities and electronic absorption spectra were measured. The simple salts, (crown ether)m(M+TCNQ−)n, were almost all insulators with resistivities greater than 107Ω cm. However, the complex salts, (Crown ether)m(M+TCNQ−)n(TCNQ), were much more conductive than simple salts with resistivities of 102–104Ω cm. Three types of electronic-absorption spectra were observed for the simple salts. The simple salts with charge-transfer absorption bands were much more conductive than those without charge-transfer absorption bands.
Circular Dichroism Spectra and Their Relation to Asymmetric Distortion of Some Dimeric Molybdenum(V) Complexes Containing Optically Active Amino Carboxylate
Authors: Suzuki Kimiko Z , Sasaki Yoichi , Ooi Shun’ichiro , Saito Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of fifteen kinds of μ-X-μ-Y-bis(oxomolybdenum(V)) complexes, where X=Y=O, X=O and Y=S, and X=Y=S, containing optically active ligands such as (S)-cysteinate, its alkyl esters, (R)-penicillaminate (R-pen), (S)-histidinate, and (R)-propylenediaminetetraacetate, give two distinctive peaks with opposite signs at ca. 26000 and 33000 cm−1 in various media including KBr disks. Close examination of the known X-ray structural data of eight complexes indicated that the pseudo-octahedral coordination sphere of two molybdenum(V) ions are asymmetrically twisted around the Mo–Mo axis. The direction of such a twist for the complexes containing the ester ligands and R-pen, is opposite to that for the complexes with other ligands. The former and latter complexes give positive and negative, and negative and positive CD peaks at ca. 26000 and 33000 cm−1, respectively. Thus the CD signs of the two peaks are related to the asymmetric distortion around the Mo–Mo axis.
Performances of Lead and Copper(II) Ion-selective Electrodes in Metal Buffer Solutions and the Determination of the Stability Constants of Lead and Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Nakagawa Genkichi , Wada Hiroko , Sako Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The behaviour of lead and copper(II) ion-selective electrodes (Denki Kagaku Keiki Co., Japan) at very low activity levels was examined in metal buffer solutions. In the absence of complexing agents, the Nernstian responses were obtained down to 10−6 mol dm−3 (μ=0.1) Pb2+ in the pH range from 4 to 7, and down to 10−7 mol dm−3 (μ=0.1) Cu2+ in the pH range from 4 to 6. The complexing agents which form stable complexes with Pb or Cu(II) were very effective in lowering the detection limits. The stability constants of the Pb and Cu(II) complexes with several ligands[CH3COO−, 1,10-phenanthroline(Phen), glycine(Hgly), iminodiacetic acid(H2ida), nitrilotriacetic acid(H3nta), etc.] were determined by measuring the activities of the free Pb or Cu(II) ion in metal buffer solutions. However, in spite of the high stability of the Pb– or Cu(II)–edta complex, the lower limit of the electrode response was abnormally high and the stability constant of Pb– or Cu(II)–edta complex could not be obtained. Some reasons for the abnormalities with EDTA were discussed.
Pyrolytic Sulfurization Gas Chromatography. VII. The Simultaneous Determination of the Atomic Ratio between C, H, O, and N in a Halo-organic Compound
Authors: Hara Tadashi , Fujinaga Kaoru , Okui Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The halide produced from a halo-organic compound interferes with the simultaneous determination of the atomic ratio between C, H, O, and N in the compound by the pyrolytic sulfurization gas chromatography, but the interference can be eliminated by allowing the pyrolytic sulfurization of the compound to proceed in the presence of the sodium sulfide formed by the reaction between sodium azide and sulfur.
Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies of the Chemical Effects Associated with 57Co(Electron Capture)57Fe Decay in Tris-β-diketonatocobalt(III) Compounds
Authors: Sakai Yoichi , Endo Kazutoyo , Sano Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Magnetic hyperfine structures (hfs) were found in the absorption Mössbauer spectra at 78 K of a paramagnetic iron(III) complex diluted in a diamagnetic cobalt(III) or aluminium(III) complex, such as 57Fe(acac)3 in Co(acac)3, 57Fe(oxin)3 in Al(oxin)3, and 57Fe(dbm)3 in Co(dbm)3 (acac=acetylacetonato, oxin=8-quinolinolato, and dbm=dibenzoylmethanato), showing that the magnetic hfs is caused by the spin-spin relaxation through the surrounding diamagnetic species. In the emission Mössbauer experiments, magnetic hfs was observed at 78 K in 57Co-labelled Co(dbm)3, Co(oxin)3, and polystyrene-diluted Co(acac)3, while it was not observed in 57Co-labelled Co(acac)3 and Co(dpm)3 (dpm=dipivaloylmethanato). The former possess π-conjugated systems to a greater extent than the latter, either in the ligands or in the vicinity of the 57Co-labelled Co(III) species. These results were explained in terms of the radiolytic stabilities of the matrices as well as those of 57Co-labelled compounds by showing that the paramagnetic radicals produced in a diamagnetic matrix quench the magnetic hfs because of the increased spin-spin interaction, as a consequence of the local radiolysis by EC-decay.
The Palladium Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution of Aryl Halides by Thiolate Anions
Authors: Migita Toshihiko , Shimizu Tomiya , Asami Yoriyoshi , Shiobara Jun-ichi , Kato Yasuki , Kosugi Masanori 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the presence of a catalytic amount of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium, phenyl and methyl or methoxyphenyl iodides and bromides were found to react with thiolate anions in alcoholic solvents, to give the corresponding aryl sulfides in excellent yield. The reaction is useful to prepare symmetrical or unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides and aryl alkyl sulfides. The reaction mechanism does not involve aryl halide radical anions, but is thought to involve oxidative addition of aryl halide to Pd(0), nucleophilic substitution on the adduct followed by reductive elimination.
The Effects of Added Electrolytes on Mn2+-ion Mobility in Micellar Solutions Studied by the ESR Method
Authors: Ueki Masako , Uzu Yuhei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effects of added electrolytes on manganese-ion mobility in manganese dodecyl sulfate solutions (Mn(DS)2) were measured by means of the ESR method. The addition of aluminum chloride results in line-narrowing and an increase in the signal intensity in the ESR spectra at the concentrations above CMC of the Mn(DS)2 solutions, while the addition of sodium chloride does not affect the ESR spectra.
Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Epoxides
Authors: Suzuki Shin , Hori Yoshio , Das Rebati C , Koga Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The chemical ionization mass spectrometry of epoxides using methane as a reagent gas produces quasi-molecular ions, (M+1)+. This ion has maximum abundance for most epoxides except 1,2-epoxybutane. The method is useful for determination of the molecular weight of epoxides.
Reactions of 3-Acetyltropolone and Its Methyl Ethers with Methylhydrazine
Authors: Yamane Akio , Imafuku Kimiaki , Matsumura Hisashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of 3-acetyltropolone and 3-acetyl-2-methoxytropone with methylhydrazine gave 1,3-dimethyl-1,8-dihydrocycloheptapyrazol-8-one (3) and 2,3-dimethyl-2,8-dihydrocycloheptapyrazol-8-one. 7-Acetyl-2-methoxytropone reacted with methylhydrazine to afford 1,3-dimethyl-1,8-dihydrocycloheptapyrazol-8-one methylhydrazone, besides a small amount of 3.
An ESR Study of the Interaction of Copper(II) Octaethylporphyrin with π Acceptors
Authors: Yokoi Hiroshi , Iwaizumi Masamoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The π-π interaction of octaethylporphyrincopper(II) (Cu(OEP)) with π acceptors has been investigated in solution and in magnetically-diluted crystals by ESR, and the perpendicular components of the ESR parameters for Cu(OEP) in various states have also been determined with considerable accuracy. It has been revealed that, upon the formation of charge-transfer complexes between Cu(OEP) and π acceptors, the g values decrease slightly, the copper hyperfine coupling constants remain almost unchanged, and the absolute values of the nitrogen superhyperfine coupling constants increase slightly. Accompanying changes in the electronic structure around the copper ion have been discussed. The ESR parameters of Cu(OEP) doped in Ni(OEP) have been noted to depend significantly upon the polymorphism of the diluent.
Direct Observation of the Type II Biradical and Triplet State of Valerophenone Excited by the Fourth Harmonic of a Nd:YAG Laser
Authors: Hayashi Hisaharu , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Norrish type II reaction of valerophenone was studied by the ns-laser photolysis technique, the fourth harmonic (266 nm) of a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser being used as an exciting light source. Transient absorptions due to the triplet state and 1,4-biradical of valerophenone were observed in both polar and nonpolar solvents. Quenching experiments with cis-1,3-pentadiene were also carried out. Transient absorptions due to the biradical were observed in the 350–300 nm region with the lifetimes of 103 ns (in methanol), 99 ns (in 2-propanol), 71 ns (in acetonitrile), and 31 ns (in 1,2-dichloroethane). Transient absorptions due to the triplet state were also observed in the 440–300 nm region.
Synthesis of Crown Ether Dyes
Authors: Yamashita Toshiro , Nakamura Hiroshi , Takagi Makoto , Ueno Keihei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Crown ether dyes were synthesized in order to develop photometric reagents which are highly selective to alkali and alkaline earth metals. They contain dissociable protons attached to the chromophores of crown ether molecule. Their extraction behavior for alkali and alkaline earth metal ions as neutral complex was examined. The dyes extract potassium and alkaline earth metals, respectively. Dyes with picrylamino chromophore are effective for extractive photometric determination of potassium. A molecular design of colorimetric reagents is discussed on the basis of crown ethers.