bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background:
Distinguishing ovarian cancer from other gynecological malignancies is crucial for patient survival yet hindered by non-specific symptoms and limited understanding of ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests a link between ovarian cancer and deregulated lipid metabolism. Most studies have small sample sizes, especially for early-stage cases, and lack racial/ethnic diversity, necessitating more inclusive research for improved ovarian cancer diagnosis and prevention.

Methods:
Here, we profiled the serum lipidome of 208 ovarian cancer, including 93 early-stage patients with ovarian cancer and 117 nonovarian cancer (other gynecological malignancies) patients of Korean descent. Serum samples were analyzed with a high-coverage liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry platform, and lipidome alterations were investigated via statistical and machine learning (ML) approaches.

Results:
We found that lipidome alterations unique to ovarian cancer were present in Korean women as early as when the cancer is localized, and those changes increase in magnitude as the diseases progresses. Analysis of relative lipid abundances revealed specific patterns for various lipid classes, with most classes showing decreased abundance in ovarian cancer in comparison with other gynecological diseases. ML methods selected a panel of 17 lipids that discriminated ovarian cancer from nonovarian cancer cases with an AUC value of 0.85 for an independent test set.

Conclusions:
This study provides a systemic analysis of lipidome alterations in human ovarian cancer, specifically in Korean women.

Impact:
Here, we show the potential of circulating lipids in distinguishing ovarian cancer from nonovarian cancer conditions.
Clinical Outcomes and Predictors of Advanced Therapy for the Management of Right Heart Thrombus
Authors: Watson Nathan W. , Weinberg Ido , Dicks Andrew B. , Carroll Brett J. , Secemsky Eric A. 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The role of advanced therapies (systemic thrombolysis, catheter-based treatment, and surgical thrombectomy) for the management of right heart thrombus is poorly defined. In this study, we assessed the clinical predictors and outcomes of advanced therapy compared with anticoagulation alone for the acute management of right heart thrombus.

METHODS:
In this observational cohort study, we analyzed consecutive patients who were treated for right heart thrombus. The primary end point was 90-day all-cause mortality. Clinical predictors of utilizing advanced therapy were assessed with multivariable logistic regression. Propensity score matching was utilized to compare adjusted outcomes between patients receiving advanced therapies versus anticoagulation alone.

RESULTS:
A total of 345 patients were included in the study. Advanced therapy was utilized in 13.6% (N=47) of patients, of which 25.5% (N=12/47) was systemic thrombolysis, 23.4% (N=11/47) was endovascular thrombectomy, and 53.2% (N=25/47) was surgical thrombectomy. Younger age (odds ratio, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.96–0.99]) and concurrent pulmonary embolism (odds ratio, 5.36 [95% CI, 2.48–12.1]) predicted utilization of advanced therapy. In propensity score-matched analysis, there was no difference in 90-day mortality (hazard ratio, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.17–1.22]), in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.17–2.19]), or length of stay (β, −4.39 [95% CI, −14.0 to 5.22]) between advanced therapy and anticoagulation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among a diverse cohort of patients with right heart thrombus, outcomes did not differ between those who underwent advanced therapy and anticoagulation alone. Important predictors for utilizing advanced treatment included younger age and the presence of a concurrent pulmonary embolism. Future studies assessing advanced therapy in larger and broader patient populations are necessary.
Prospective Associations of Accelerometer‐Measured Machine‐Learned Sedentary Behavior With Death Among Older Women: The OPACH Study
Authors: Nguyen Steve , Bellettiere John , Anuskiewicz Blake , Di Chongzhi , Carlson Jordan , Natarajan Loki , LaMonte Michael J. , LaCroix Andrea Z. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Sedentary behavior is a recognized mortality risk factor. The novel and validated convolutional neural network hip accelerometer posture algorithm highly accurately classifies sitting and postural changes compared with accelerometer count cut points. We examined the prospective associations of convolutional neural network hip accelerometer posture–classified total sitting time and mean sitting bout duration with all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death.

Methods and Results

Women (n=5856; mean±SD age, 79±7 years; 33% Black women, 17% Hispanic or Latina women, 50% White women) in the Women's Health Initiative Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health (OPACH) Study wore the ActiGraph GT3X+ for ~7 days from May 2012 to April 2014 and were followed through February 19, 2022 for all‐cause and CVD death. The convolutional neural network hip accelerometer posture algorithm classified total sitting time and mean sitting bout duration from GT3X+ output. Over follow‐up (median, 8.4 years; range, 0.1–9.9), there were 1733 deaths (632 from CVD). Adjusted Cox regression hazard ratios (HRs) comparing women in the highest total sitting time quartile (>696 min/d) to those in the lowest (<556.0 min/d) were 1.57 (95% CI; 1.35–1.83;
P
‐trend<0.001) for all‐cause death and 1.78 (95% CI; 1.36–2.31;
P
‐trend<0.001) for CVD death. HRs comparing women in the longest mean sitting bout duration quartile (>15 minutes) to the shortest (<9.3 minutes) were 1.43 (95% CI; 1.23–1.66;
P
‐trend<0.001) for all‐cause death and 1.52 (95% CI; 1.18–1.96;
P
‐trend<0.001) for CVD death. Apparent nonlinear associations for total sitting time suggested higher all‐cause death (
P
nonlinear=0.009) and CVD death (
P
nonlinear=0.008) risk after ~660 to 700 min/d.

Conclusions
Higher total sitting time and longer mean sitting bout duration are associated with higher all‐cause and CVD mortality risk among older women. These data support interventions aimed at reducing both total sitting time and interrupting prolonged sitting.
Sex Differences in Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Trends
Authors: Smits Robin L.A. , Tan Hanno L. , van Valkengoed Irene G.M. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest survival rates have improved over time. This study established whether improvements were similar for women and men, and to what extent resuscitation characteristics or in‐hospital procedures contributed to sex differences in temporal trends.

Methods and Results

This retrospective cohort study included 3386 women and 8564 men from North Holland, the Netherlands, who experienced an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest from a cardiac cause in 2005 to 2017. Yearly rates of 30‐day survival and secondary outcomes were calculated. Sex differences in temporal trends were evaluated with age‐adjusted Poisson regression analysis, including interaction for sex and out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest year. Resuscitation characteristics and in‐hospital procedures were added to the model, and a spline at 2013 was considered. During the study period, the average 30‐day survival was 24.9% in men and 15.7% in women. The 30‐day survival rate increased in men (20% to 27.2%;
P
<0.001) but not in women (15.0% to 11.6%;
P
=0.40). The increase in the 30‐day survival rate was 3% higher per year in men than in women (rate ratio, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00–1.05]), with a stronger difference after 2013. Men had a larger increase in survival rate to the hospital arrival than women in 2005 to 2013, and, after 2013, an advantage over women in survival rate after hospital arrival. The sex differences were partly explained by differing trends in shockable initial rhythm (eg, adjusted rate ratio, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.99–1.03] for 30‐day survival) and provision of in‐hospital procedures.

Conclusions
Changes in rates of 30‐day survival, survival to hospital arrival, and, after 2013, survival from hospital arrival to 30 days were more beneficial in men than women. The differences in trends were partly explained by shockable initial rhythm and in‐hospital procedures.
Sex Differences in Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Injury After Stroke
Authors: Rosso Michela , Stengl Helena , Ganeshan Ramanan , Hellwig Simon , Klammer Markus G. , von Rennenberg Regina , Böhme Sophie , Nolte Christian H. , Audebert Heinrich J. , Endres Matthias , Kasner Scott E. , Scheitz Jan F. 
Published: February 2024

Background
Sex differences in presentation, treatment, and prognosis of cardiovascular disorders are well recognized. Although an association between acute myocardial injury and mortality after ischemic stroke has been demonstrated, it is unclear whether prevalence and outcome of poststroke acute myocardial injury differ between women and men.

Methods and Results

We prospectively screened consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and serial high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T measurements admitted to our center. Acute myocardial injury was defined as at least 1 high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T value above the upper reference limit (14 ng/L) with a rise/fall of >20%. Rates of acute myocardial injury were also calculated using sex‐specific high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T cutoffs (women upper reference limit, 9 ng/L; men upper reference limit, 16 ng/L). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between acute myocardial injury and outcomes. Of 1067 patients included, 494 were women (46%). Women were older, had a higher rate of known atrial fibrillation, were more likely to be functionally dependent before admission, had higher stroke severity, and more often had cardioembolic strokes (all
P
values <0.05). The crude prevalence of acute myocardial injury differed by sex (29% women versus 23% men,
P
=0.024). Statistically significant associations between acute myocardial injury and outcomes were observed in women (7‐day in‐hospital mortality: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.2 [95% CI, 1.07–9.3]; in‐hospital mortality: aOR, 3.3 [95% CI, 1.4–7.6]; modified Rankin Scale score at discharge: aOR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.4]) but not in men. The implementation of sex‐specific cutoffs did not increase the prognostic value of acute myocardial injury for unfavorable outcomes.

Conclusions
The prevalence of acute myocardial injury after ischemic stroke and its association with mortality and greater disability might be sex‐dependent.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03892226.
Effects of fermented soymilk with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YIT 9029 on gut microbiota and defecation habits: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Kaga C. , Nagino T. , Gomi A. , Takagi A. , Miyazaki K. , Yoshida Y. , Shida K. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that soymilk and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YIT 9029 (strain Shirota: LcS) each beneficially affect the gut microbiota and defecation habits. To investigate the effects of daily consumption of fermented soymilk containing LcS (FSM), we conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 112 healthy Japanese adults with a low faecal Bifidobacterium count. They consumed 100 ml FSM or placebo (unfermented soymilk base) once daily for 4 weeks. Their gut microbiota was analysed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and urinary putrefactive products were assessed during the pre- and post-consumption periods. Defecation habits were examined weekly using a subjective questionnaire. In the post-consumption period, living LcS were not detected in two subjects in the FSM group (n = 57) but were detected in one subject in the SM group (n = 55). The FSM group had a significantly higher number and relative abundance of faecal lactobacilli compared with the placebo group. The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, alpha-diversity of microbiota, and concentrations of acetate and total SCFAs in faeces were significantly increased in the FSM group, although no significant differences were detected between the groups. The number of defecations and defecation days per week significantly increased in both groups. Subgroup analysis of 109 subjects, excluding 3 with inconsistent LcS detection (2 and 1 subjects in the FSM and SM groups, respectively), revealed that the FSM group (n = 55) had significantly greater increases in faecal acetate concentration compared with the SM group (n = 54) and significant upregulation of pathways related to energy production or glucose metabolism in the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that daily FSM consumption improves the gut microbiota and intestinal environment in healthy adults and may help to maintain health and prevent diseases.
Registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) clinical trials registry under: UMIN 000035612.
Characterizing Overwater High Ozone Events in the Houston–Galveston–Brazoria Region during the 2021 GO3 and TRACER-AQ Campaigns
Authors: Griggs Travis , Flynn James , Wang Yuxuan , Alvarez Sergio , Comas Michael , Walter Paul 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Photochemical modeling outputs showing high ozone concentrations over the Gulf of Mexico and Galveston Bay during ozone episodes in the Houston–Galveston–Brazoria (HGB) region have not been previously verified using in situ observations. Such data were collected systematically, for the first time, from July to October 2021 from three boats deployed for the Galveston Offshore Ozone Observations (GO3) and Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions Experiment—Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) field campaigns. A pontoon boat and a commercial vessel operated in Galveston Bay, while another commercial vessel operated in the Gulf of Mexico offshore of Galveston. All three boats had continuously operating sampling systems that included ozone analyzers and weather stations, and the two boats operating in Galveston Bay had a ceilometer. The sampling systems operated autonomously on the two commercial boats as they traveled their daily routes. Thirty-seven ozonesondes were launched over water on forecast high ozone days in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. During the campaigns, multiple periods of ozone exceeding 100 ppbv were observed over water in Galveston Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. These events included previously identified conditions for high ozone events in the HGB region, such as the bay/sea-breeze recirculation and postfrontal environments, as well as a localized coastal high ozone event after the passing of a tropical system (Hurricane Nicholas) that was not well forecast.
Asymmetrical Effects of Global Liquidity and Global Economic Output on Domestic Economic Growth: Evidence from India based on NARDL Approach
Authors: Malhotra Shikha , Bagrecha Chaya 
Published: February 2024

The augment of economic globalisation and financial integration in the past few decades has changed the dynamics of international developments. This has resulted in discussions on the immediate and frequent impact of global factors on emerging and developing economies. The objective of this research is to determine how the global economy’s output and liquidity affect India’s economic growth. The period of the study chosen is from 2000 to 2019 (quarterly). The empirical findings from the application of the NARDL approach suggest that the increase in global economic output increases domestic growth. Domestic economic growth is boosted by rising global liquidity, but both falling global liquidity and falling global economic production have no statistically significant results. JEL Codes: B22, C32, F21, F36, F43
The effects of prone position ventilation on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after cardiac surgery
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Zhou Wangtao , Ma Jing 
Published: February 2024

Background This study aimed to investigate the effects of prone position ventilation treatment on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after cardiac surgery. Methods Clinical data were collected from 93 hospitalized patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the intensive care unit (ICU) of cardiology from February 2021 to February 2023. Patients were divided into supine position group ( n = 45) and prone position group ( n = 48). The difference in 28-days survival rates, blood gas indicators, respiratory mechanics indicators, and adverse events before and after treatment was analyzed. Results We found that within 28 days of admission, 8.33% of ARDS patients in prone position group and 11.11% in supine position group died of all causes ( p > .05). After treatment, the levels of arterial PaO2 (103.25 ± 9.44 in prone position group and 91.62 ± 9.18 in supine position group), PaCO2 (30.26 ± 5.54 and 36.56 ± 6.37), blood LAC (1.35 ± 0.37 and 1.68 ± 0.42), oxygenation (232.23 ± 28.56 and 205.13 ± 31.34) and diffusion index (453.48 ± 63.30 and 395.18 ± 58.54) in both groups were improved ( p < .001). Moreover, the increase in prone position group was more remarkable. After treatment, the respiratory mechanics indexes of the lung compliance as well as respiratory resistance were improved ( p < .05). Moreover, the increase in supine position group was more remarkable ( p < .05). The incidence of atelectasis in prone position group was lower than that in supine position group ( p < .05). Additionally, the alteration in other adverse events showed no significant difference between the two groups ( p > .05). Conclusions Taken together, prone position ventilation in patients with ARDS after cardiac surgery improved blood gas indexes, hypoxemia, and respiratory mechanics indexes, as well as reduced the incidence of atelectasis.
Screening out molecular pathways and prognostic biomarkers of ultraviolet-mediated melanoma through computational techniques
Authors: Hossain Arju , Ahsan Asif , Hasan Imran , Sohel  , Khan Arif , Somadder Pratul Dipta , Monjur Sumaiya , Miah Sipon , Kibria K. M. Kaderi , Ahmed Kawsar , Rahman Habibur 
Published: February 2024

Purpose Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer, but the exact mechanism by which it occurs and the most effective methods of intervention to prevent it are yet unknown. For this purpose, our study will use bioinformatics and systems biology approaches to discover potential biomarkers of skin cancer for early diagnosis and prevention of disease with applicable clinical treatments. Methods This study compared gene expression and protein levels in ultraviolet-mediated cultured keratinocytes and adjacent normal skin tissue using RNA sequencing data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information-Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database. Then, pathway analysis was employed with a selection of hub genes from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the survival and expression profiles. Finally, potential clinical biomarkers were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results We identified 32 shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by analyzing three different subsets of the GSE85443 dataset. Skin cancer development is related to the control of several DEGs through cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity, cell cycle regulation, and activation of the NIMA kinase pathways. The cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape identified 12 hub genes from PPI; among these 3 DEGs, namely, AURKA, CDK4, and PLK1 were significantly associated with survival ( P < 0.05) and highly expressed in skin cancer tissues. For validation purposes, ROC curve analysis indicated two biomarkers: AURKA (area under the curve (AUC) value = 0.8) and PLK1 (AUC value = 0.7), which were in an acceptable range. Conclusions Further translational research, including clinical experiments, teratogenicity tests, and in-vitro or in-vivo studies, will be performed to evaluate the expression of these identified biomarkers regarding the prognosis of skin cancer patients.
Comparison Between Intramedullary Nail and Percutaneous Pin Fixation in Proximal Phalanx Fractures
Authors: Hollins Andrew W. , Dunworth Kristina , Mithani Suhail K. , Pidgeon Tyler S. , Klifto Christopher S. , Ruch David S. , Richard Marc J. 
Published: February 2024

Background: Percutaneous pinning has been the predominant technique for fixation of proximal phalanx fractures, but stiffness is a reported complication. The introduction of intramedullary (IM) nail fixation of proximal phalanx fractures provides a stronger biomechanical fixation for amenable fracture patterns with the added benefit of not tethering the soft tissue. The goal of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of IM nail and percutaneous pin fixation in isolated proximal phalanx fractures. Methods: A retrospective review was performed at our institution between the years 2018 and 2022 for patients treated for proximal phalanx fractures. Patients that underwent fixation with IM nails or percutaneous fixation for isolated extraarticular proximal phalanx fractures were included. Patients were excluded if they had concomitant hand fractures, tendon injury, or intraarticular extension. Results: A total of 50 patients were included in this study. Twenty-eight patients received percutaneous pin fixation, and 22 patients underwent IM nail or screw fixation. There was no significant difference in injury patterns or demographics between these two groups. Patients that underwent IM nail fixation had a significantly quicker return to active motion, shorter duration of orthosis treatment, and fewer occupational therapy visits. In addition, patients in the IM fixation group had significantly improved range of motion (ROM) at 6 weeks postoperatively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that patients receiving percutaneous pin or IM nail fixation have equivocal union and complication rates. The IM nail fixation group was able to have quicker return to mobilization, fewer required occupational therapy visits, and improved early ROM.