bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical value of TAT, PIC and t-PAIC as predictive markers for severe sepsis in pediatric patients
Authors: Bai Huan , Shen Ling , Zhang Hailong , Tang Ning 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveSepsis in pediatric patients can progress to severe sepsis, and identifying biomarkers of this progression may permit timely intervention to prevent it. This study aimed to investigate the ability of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), α2-plasmininhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC) and tissue-type plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) to predict severe sepsis in pediatrics early.Methods148 eligible pediatric sepsis patients were enrolled in this study, and were then divided into those who progressed to severe sepsis (n = 50) or not (n = 98). Serum levels of TAT, PIC, and t-PAIC were analysed, and simplified pediatric critical illness score (PCIS) and DIC score were calculated on the day of pediatric sepsis diagnosis.ResultsCompared with sepsis patients, severe sepsis patients had higher levels of TAT, PIC and t-PAIC. Correlation analysis revealed that TAT, PIC and t-PAIC were significantly correlated with simplified PCIS and DIC score. ROC curve analysis suggested that TAT, PIC and t-PAIC could serve as biomarkers for predicting severe sepsis with the AUC up to 0.862, 0.759 and 0.851, respectively. Stratified analysis demonstrated that the patients with increased levels of TAT, PIC and t-PAIC had worse illness severity and clinical outcome. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that TAT, PIC and t-PAIC were all risk factors for severe sepsis, yet only TAT and t-PAIC were independent risk factors in multivariate model.ConclusionsTAT, PIC and t-PAIC could serve as biomarkers for predicting severe sepsis, and correlated with illness severity in pediatrics, what's more, serum levels of TAT and t-PAIC may be independent risk factors for pediatric severe sepsis.
Determinants of automatic age and race bias: ingroup-outgroup distinction salience moderates automatic evaluations of social groups
Authors: Heitmann Stephanie , Reichardt Regina 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe present research investigates whether ingroup-outgroup distinction salience moderates automatic intergroup bias (i.e., more positive evaluations of ingroup targets relative to outgroup targets) toward multiply categorizable social targets.MethodsIn two experiments, we manipulated the salience of participants’ social identity based on age vs. race, respectively. Afterwards, we measured automatic evaluations of social targets varying in age and race.ResultsYoung White participants exhibited higher automatic race bias when their racial identity (i.e., White in contrast to Black) was salient. Conversely, they exhibited higher automatic age bias when their age identity (i.e., young in contrast to old) was salient.DiscussionGoing beyond previous research, we show that it is sufficient to direct participants’ attention to their ingroup-identity in contrast to the respective outgroup to cause changes in automatic intergroup bias. This is important because it provides a strong test of the hypothesis that ingroup-outgroup distinction salience moderates automatic intergroup bias.
Treatment of depression during pregnancy: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Junkes Larissa , Gherman Bruno Rabinovici , Appolinario Jose Carlos , Nardi Antonio Egidio 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a chronic, recurrent, and highly prevalent disease that is associated with significant functional disability. During pregnancy, the prevalence of the disease is approximately 20%, with 12% of these, requiring treatment to avoid important negative consequences for the mother-baby binomial. Risk-benefit assessment of the use of antidepressants during pregnancy is mandatory, in addition to knowledge of the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to these drugs in the offspring. In this study, we will perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the treatment of depression during pregnancy, along with its effectiveness, safety, and possible harm to women and children.Materials and methodsWe will search for publications in the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, and PsycINFO. The reference lists of the included studies will be manually reviewed to identify potentially relevant studies. There will be no restrictions on language or date of publication. Quality assessment of the included studies will be performed independently according to the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB2) instrument. To assess the certainty of the findings’ body of evidence, we will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. This study aimed to ascertain the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in pregnant women and children.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was not required as individual patient data were not collected. Dissemination: Plan to publish a systematic review in an open-access medical journal at the end of the process.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, CRD42023447694.
Network analysis of depression and anxiety symptoms and their associations with life satisfaction among Chinese hypertensive older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ma Hongfei , Zhao Meng , Liu Yangyang , Wei Pingmin 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundHypertension is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among the older adult population in China and older adults with hypertension are more susceptible to mental health problems. This study aimed to explore the network structure of depression and anxiety, and their association with life satisfaction (LS) in older adults with hypertension.MethodsA total of 4,993 hypertensive individuals aged 60 and above were selected from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2017–2018). The design of the CLHLS study was approved by the Campus Institutional Review Board of Duke University (Pro00062871) and the Biomedical Ethics Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052-13,074). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10 (CESD-10) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms. Central and bridge symptoms were identified via “Expected Influence” and “Bridge Expected Influence”, respectively. Network stability was assessed using the case-dropping bootstrap technique.ResultsNetwork analysis identified CESD3 (Feeling blue/depressed), GAD4 (Trouble relaxing), and GAD2 (Uncontrollable worry) as the most influential central symptoms in the network of depression and anxiety. Concurrently, GAD1 (Nervousness or anxiety), CESD10 (Sleep disturbances), and CESD1 (Feeling bothered) stand as critical bridge symptoms between depression and anxiety disorders. Moreover, CESD7 (Lack of happiness) exhibited the strongest negative correlation with LS in Chinese hypertensive older adults.ConclusionThis exploratory study represents the first investigation to examine the mutual relationship between depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese hypertensive older adults. Interventions addressing targeting bridge symptoms have the potential to alleviate depressive and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, improving happiness, hope, and sleep quality in this population may mitigate the adverse effects of depression and anxiety on LS.
Clinical validation of circulating immune complexes for use as a diagnostic marker of canine leishmaniosis
Authors: Sarquis Juliana , Parody Nuria , Montoya Ana , Cacheiro-Llaguno Cristina , Barrera Juan Pedro , Checa Rocío , Daza María Angeles , Carnés Jerónimo , Miró Guadalupe 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionCanine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a systemic disease that affects dogs. When multiplication of the parasite cannot be controlled, dogs consistently show high levels of antigen and IgG antibodies, which lead to the formation of circulating immune complexes (CIC). Timely intervention to reduce the parasite load and CIC levels is crucial for preventing irreversible organ damage. However, a diagnostic test to quantify CIC levels is currently lacking.MethodsIn this real-world study, we aimed to examine the performance of a new ELISA to measure CIC levels in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum. Thirty-four dogs were treated according to their clinical condition and followed for 360 days. Before (day 0) and after treatment (days 30, 90, 180, 270, and 360), all dogs underwent a physical examination, and blood samples were obtained for CBC, biochemical profile, serum protein electrophoresis and IFAT. Serum PEG-precipitated CIC were determined by ELISA.ResultsOur results indicate higher CIC levels in dogs in advanced disease stages showing higher antibody titres (p &lt; 0.0001, r = 0.735), anemia (p &lt; 0.0001), dysproteinemia (p &lt; 0.0001), and proteinuria (p = 0.004). Importantly, dogs responding well to treatment exhibited declining CIC levels (p &lt; 0.0001), while in poor responders and those experiencing relapses, CIC were consistently elevated. CIC emerged as a robust discriminator of relapse, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808. The optimal cut-off to accurately identify relapse was an optical density of 1.539.DiscussionOur findings suggest that declining CIC levels should be expected in dogs showing a favorable treatment response. Conversely, in dogs displaying a poor response and recurrent clinical relapses, CIC levels will be high, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring. These findings suggest that CIC could serve as a valuable biomarker for disease progression, treatment efficacy, and relapse detection in CanL. Our study contributes to enhancing diagnostic approaches for CanL and underscores the potential of CIC as a complementary tool in veterinary practice. As we move forward, larger studies will be essential to confirm these findings and establish definitive cut-offs for clinical application.
Differential Characteristics of the Metabolic Profiles and Microbial Community between Superior and Normal Grades of Nongxiangxing-daqu
Authors: Hou Xiaoge , Hui Ming , Gu Xiaoman , Shi Xin , Fan Chenming , Wang Junfei , Li Xuesi , Pan Chunmei , Li Ruifang 
Published: March 2024

Nongxiangxing-daqu (NXDQ), as a saccharification and fermentation agent, directly affects the flavor and yield of fresh Nongxiangxing Baijiu (NXBJ). The difference in fermentation temperature owing to the artificial turning operation leads to the formation of superior (S) and normal (N) grades of NXDQ. Here, aiming to explore the discriminant characteristics of two grades of NXDQ, we studied the physicochemical properties, volatile compounds and microbial communities using HS-SPME-GC/MS and high-throughput sequencing technology. The NXDQ grades presented different physicochemical properties. Staphylococcus, Weissella, Lactobacillus and Thermoascus were dominant in the S grade (S-NXDQ), while Bacillus, Thermoactinomyces and Aspergillus were predominant in the N grade (N-NXDQ). Higher alcohols, aldehydes and ketones positively correlated with the bacterial biomarkers could be used as metabolic biomarkers for N-NXDQ; the S-NXDQ had a higher abundance of key enzymes involved in lactic acid and ethanol fermentation, while N-NXDQ had a higher abundance of key enzymes involved in amino acid synthesis and long-chain fatty acid and lipid metabolism. N-NXDQ and S-NXDQ had different microbial and metabolic biomarkers. These findings provide insight into the discriminant characteristics of different grades of NXDQ, a theoretical basis for rational evaluation of NXDQ, and effective information for quality improvement of daqu.
Comparison of the Differences in Tolerance to Drought Stress across Five Clematis Species Based on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth
Authors: Zhu Zhu , Li Yongmei , Liu Ting , Shi Rongrong , Xu Xiangyun , Song Zhanbang , Wang Yanli 
Published: March 2024

Plants of the Clematis genus are attractive ornamental plants due to their various flower colors and patterns, and they play an important role as ground cover plants in landscaping. However, the application of Clematis plants in landscaping in arid and semi-arid areas is limited. This study used five common wild Clematis species in Gansu Province as experimental materials, including Clematistangutica, Clematis glauca, Clematis intricata, Clematis nannophylla, and Clematis fruticosa. By simulating different intensities of drought stress with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the germination behavior of seeds and the physiological and biochemical responses of seedlings of these five species to drought stress were observed. The results showed that 15% PEG stress significantly inhibited the seed germination of the five species, which was also the drought threshold for seed germination of C. fruticosa. C. tangutica exhibited the strongest tolerance to drought stress in seed germination. Seedlings of the five Clematis plants showed different levels of tolerance to drought stress, mainly demonstrating higher tolerance to 10% and 20% concentrations of PEG stress, while a 30% concentration of PEG stress caused varying degrees of damage to the seedlings of the five Clematis species. PCA analysis indicated that seedlings of C. intricata and C. glauca had higher scores under drought stress. These findings can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of urban landscaping plant species in arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China.
Kronik Ruhsal Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Yakınlarının Tedavi Ve Hastaneye Yatış Sürecindeki Deneyimleri
Authors: Karaköse Şeymanur , Özer Bahtiyar Umut , Aktürk İlker , Yaman Ömer Miraç 
Published: March 2024

Öz
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı; bipolar bozukluk ve şizofreni hastalığına sahip bireylerin yakınlarının, tedavi ve hastaneye yatış sürecindeki deneyimlerinin incelenmesi ve deneyimlerine yönelik algıların anlaşılmasıdır.
Yöntem: Bu araştırma nitel araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve fenomenolojik desen kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 5’i bipolar bozukluk, 5'i şizofreni tanısı olan 10 bireyin yakınıyla görüşülmüştür. Araştırmada katılımcılarla derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu görüşmelerde yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın bulguları, “Yatış Sürecinde Hissedilenler”, “Başa Çıkma” ve “Çevrenin Tutumu” alt temalarından oluşan “Yatış Süreci” ve “Hastalığın Aileye Etkisi”, “Ailenin Tedavideki Rolü”, “Destekler Olmasaydı”, “Yatış ve Tedavi Sürecinde Yaşanan Zorluklar”, “Yatış ve Tedavi Sürecindeki İhtiyaçlar” ve “Sürece Yeniden Başlansaydı” alt temalarından oluşan “Hastalık ve Aile” ana temaları altında ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda hasta bireylerin yakınlarının hem tedavi sürecini etkilediği hem de tedavi sürecinden etkilendiği; hastalığa bağlı olarak sorunlar yaşadığı, bu nedenle hayatlarında birtakım değişiklikler yapma gerekliliği duyduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca hasta yakınlarının hastalık hakkında bilgi edinmeye, psikolojik destek almaya, hasta ile ve tedavi sürecindeki profesyoneller ile daha sağlıklı iletişim kurma becerisine, yaşanılan zor ve ağır tecrübeler karşısında işlevsel başa çıkma stratejileri geliştirmeye, yakın çevreden sosyal destek almaya, damgalayıcı olmayan yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç duyduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Sonuç: Hasta yakınlarının da süreçten etkilendiği göz önünde bulundurularak yakını hastane yatışı yapmış aileler ile grup terapileri organize etmek, hasta yatış sürecinde iken, ailenin de farklı bir sağaltım sürecine dahil edilmesi, bu sürecin psikoeğitim ve psikolojik destek gibi unsurları içermesinin ve toplumu bu hastalıklar konusunda bil
Vitex Agnus Castus – a Special Place in the Treatment of Gynecological Problems
Authors: Алимбаева Г.Н. 
Published: March 2024

В работе показаны особенности стандартизации лекарственных препаратов растительного происхождения (ЛПРП), основанных на экстракте плодов Витекса священного. Лечебный эффект ЛПРП является многокомпонентным и зависит от производственных процессов, дозы и формы выпуска. В помощь практическому врачу показаны основные механизмы лечебного действия экстракта плодов Витекса священного. На примере инструкций ЛС и БАДов, содержащих VAC и доступных в РК, рассмотрены вопросы идентичности или различий, казалось бы, аналогичных препаратов. Важно, что в лекарственных справочниках не указывается действующее вещество препаратов Прутняка, поскольку оно остается неизвестным. На сегодняшний день в качестве API (активный фармацевтический компонент) рассматривается весь экстракт. На основании результатов высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (Япония) уточнены сходство и различия лекарственных препаратов VAC, а также ненадлежащее качество ряда БАДов, содержащих VAC. В статье рассмотрены сильные и слабые стороны исследований эффективности экстрактов VAC, в том числе дозозависимых. Показан собственный опыт применения препарата Префемин у подростков 18–19 лет с предменструальным синдромом и предменструальным дисфорическим расстройством.
The paper shows the features of the standardization of herbal medicines (HM) based on the extract of the fruits of Vitex agnus castus. The therapeutic effect of HM is multicomponent and depends on the production processes, dose and form of release. To help the practitioner, the main mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of the extract of the fruits of Vitex agnus castus are shown. On the example of instructions for medicines and dietary supplements containing VAC and available in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the issues of identity or differences of seemingly similar drugs are considered. It is important that the active substance of VAC preparations is not indicated in the medicinal reference books, since it remains unknown. Based on the results of high-performance liquid chromatography (Japan), the similarities and differences of VAC drugs, as well as the inadequate quality of a number of dietary supplements containing VAC, were clarified. The article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of studies on the effectiveness of VAC extracts, including dose-dependent ones. Shown own experience with the use of the Prefemin in adolescents 18–19 years old with premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Globalizacja kulturowa
Authors: Kuligowski Waldemar 
Published: March 2024

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Globalizacja kulturowa oznacza obejmujący cały świat proces krążenia przedmiotów, znaczeń, wartości oraz jednostek i grup, prowadzący w konsekwencji do coraz większej współzależności. Procesowi temu towarzyszy zarówno homogenizacja, jak i heterogenizacja, a także rosnąca świadomość zjawiska wśród wszystkich jego uczestników.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Myślenie w kategoriach globalnej współzależności kultur i społeczeństw uwyraźniło się w latach 60. XX wieku. Jako źródła tego procesu wskazuje się okres „wielkich odkryć geograficznych” i dostrzeżenia ziemskiej ekumeny jako „jednego miejsca”. Z uwagi na różnorodność zjawiska badacze wyróżniają globalizację „gęstą i rozrzedzoną”.
PROBLEMOWE UJĘCIE POJĘCIA: Dyskurs obejmuje dwie opozycyjne perspektywy: (1) procesy globalizacyjne prowadzą nieuchronnie do homogenizacji o wymiarze planetarnym; (2) procesy globalizacyjne wyzwalają kaskady interpretacji, translacji, mutacji oraz adaptacji globalnych treści, które nie tyle niwelują dawne różnice, ile raczej kreują nowe zróżnicowanie.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I ­REKOMENDACJAMI: Procesy o zasięgu planetarnym oraz wielopoziomowe kontakty tego, co globalne, z tym, co lokalne trwają, a ich skutkami są postępująca dekolonizacja społeczno-kulturowa, wzrastająca mobilność społeczna oraz świadomość ekologiczna i obywatelska.
Przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne – podstawowe zagadnienia
Authors: Hadryś Alicja 
Published: March 2024

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Przedsiębiorstwo rodzinne to organizacja, w której dwóch lub więcej członków rodziny ma wpływ na kierownictwo (zarząd) firmy poprzez wykorzystanie związków pokrewieństwa, pełnienie funkcji kierowniczej oraz prawo własności. W przedsiębiorstwie rodzinnym istnieje istotny wpływ rodziny na własność, zarządzanie i kontrolę strategicznych decyzji w przedsiębiorstwie, które posiada długoterminową perspektywę działania.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne, często niesłusznie postrzegane jako małe firmy o lokalnym zasięgu, są najstarszym sposobem prowadzenia działalności. O rodzinnym charakterze, obok kryterium własności, decyduje zaangażowanie rodziny w działalność przedsiębiorstwa, zarówno bieżącą, jak i strategiczną, oraz intencja trwania przez pokolenia. Firmy rodzinne mają ogromny wpływ na gospodarkę światową. Ich powstawanie, działalność, funkcjonowanie oraz bankructwa mają wielkie znaczenie dla rozwoju gospodarki krajowej i globalnej. Perspektywa prowadzenia firmy rodzinnej przez kolejne pokolenia oraz łączenie funkcji rodzinnych z menedżerskimi przyczyniają się do wzrostu ich znaczenia.
PROBLEMOWE UJĘCIE POJĘCIA: W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawione zostaną podstawowe zagadnienia dotyczące przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych, w tym definicje, istota oraz znaczenie, cechy charakterystyczne, jak również kwestie związane z procesem sukcesji.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I ­REKOMENDACJAMI: Przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne pod wieloma istotnymi względami różnią się od pozostałych przedsiębiorstw, a biznes prowadzony przez rodzinę będzie funkcjonował w odmienny sposób. Ich specyfika wynika z zaangażowania rodziny właścicieli, zarówno pod względem formalnym, jak i często nieformalnym. Cele ekonomiczne są na równi z celami pozaekonomicznymi. Jednym z największych wyzwań dla funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych jest kwestia sukcesji, czyli przekazanie wiedzy, władzy i własności następnemu pokoleniu. Brak planowania sukcesji jest jednym z głównych przyczyn upadku firmy po odejściu pokolenia założycieli. Sukcesja jest procesem kompleksowym, w który zaangażowane są zarówno czynniki dotyczące rodziny, jak i przedsiębiorstwa. W polskich warunkach wagę problemu wzmacnia fakt, że większość podmiotów zostało założonych po 1989 roku, a więc dopiero stoją przed problemem sukcesji.
Globalne problemy środowiskowe
Authors: Regulska-Ingielewicz Barbara 
Published: March 2024

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Główne wyzwanie globalnej polityki środowiskowej stanowi zmiana klimatu, jej antropogeniczne przyczyny oraz możliwe sposoby łagodzenia. Kategoria naturalnych dóbr wspólnych, do jakiej należy stabilny klimat, implikuje trudności w ich zarządzaniu na arenie międzynarodowej i podatność na takie zjawiska, jak tragedia dóbr wspólnych czy free-riding.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Dyskusja nad powyższą problematyką trwa od XIX wieku, ale dopiero przełom lat 60. i 70. XX wieku był początkiem procesu jej instytucjonalizacji, który trwa do dzisiaj.
PROBLEMOWE UJĘCIE POJĘCIA: Podejmowane działania w skali globalnej obejmują strategie łagodzenia zmian klimatu, adaptację oraz inżynierię klimatyczną. Największą słabością istniejącego modelu jest jego niska efektywność i brak narzędzi, które uniemożliwiałyby uchylanie się państw od odpowiedzialności za degradację środowiska.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I ­REKOMENDACJAMI: Konieczna jest zatem zmiana istniejącego modelu i stworzenie wielostronnego porozumienia, które będzie bezwzględnie wiążące dla wszystkich stron albo powstanie klubu klimatycznego.