bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Godard blind equalizer error surface characteristics: White, zero‐mean, binary source case
Authors: Johnson C. Richard , Anderson Brian D. O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe study the Godard/CMA error surface in adapting the impulse response coefficients of a finite‐length, tapped‐delay‐line filter to equalize a white, zero‐mean, binary (± 1) source that suffers ISI due to a linear channel. Our results arise primarily from examination of the expressions for the gradient and the Hessian in the baud‐spaced equalizer parameter space of the cost‐function in this particular setting. This paper presents results useful in topological assessment of predures for initializing a gradient descent algorithm on this multimodal surface in the equalizer parameter space.
Directly computableL2andL∞performance bounds for morse's dynamic certainty equivalence adaptive controller
Authors: Datta Aniruddha , Ioannou Petros A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper we consider a model reference adaptive control scheme where the classical error augmentation and standard tuning error normalization are avoided through the use of Morse's high‐order tuner. We consider the particular scheme of Morse where the concept of dynamic certainty equivalence is used to reduce the error equation to one that involves only first‐order dynamics. With such an error equation, it is first shown that one can directly obtain computableL∞ andL∞ bounds on the tracking error. This is an improvement over some earlier results where either only localL∞ bounds were obtained or the calculation of the global bounds required additional computation. Second, inserting an adaptive gain into Morse's high‐order tuner, we show that fast adaptation improves both the L2andL∞ bounds on the tracking error, in the sense that the effect of the parametric uncertainty on these bounds is attenuated. Finally, using a simple example, we demonstrate how an earlier attempt to use the adaptive gain to simultaneously attenuate the effect of the parametric uncertainty as well as the initial conditions on the L2bound for the tracking error has led to an incorrect result.
Co‐ordinate transformation in back‐stepping design for a class of non‐linear systems
Authors: Zhan Wei , Wang Le Yi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper the problem of existence and construction of a co‐ordinate transformation is investigated for non‐linear systems appearing in feedback linearization and back‐stepping adaptive control problems. Conditions are derived to completely characterize the classes of non‐linear systems that are transformable to the simple triangular and parametric simple triangular forms via linear transformations. the conditions are shown to be invariant under linear co‐ordinate transformations and non‐linear feedback. For systems satisfying these conditions, the development of the co‐ordinate transformation is shown to be equivalent to that of their first‐order approximations and is straightforward.
Issues in nonlinear stochastic grey box identification
Authors: Bohlin Torsten , Graebe Stefan F. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGrey box identification refers to the practice of identifying dynamical systems in model structures exploiting partial prior information. This contribution reviews a method for stochastic grey box identification and surveys experiences and lessons of applying it to a number of industrial processes. Issues to be addressed include advantages and costs of introducing stochastics into the model, the question of what contribution must be expected from the model designer as opposed to what can be formalized in computer algorithms, and an outlook on future plans to resolve present shortcomings.
Experiment design for grey box identification
Authors: Sadegh P. , Holst J. , Madsen H. , Melgaard H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGrey box models are characterized by their physical significance e.g. in parametrization and by the partial prior information that is available about e.g. the parameter values. These aspects of the grey box model affect the design of optimal excitations for identification and we study the extension of classical theory for experiment design to input design for identification of grey box models. Partial prior information is expressed as a probability distribution and is employed in the design of optimal excitations through optimization of Bayesian criteria.
Grey box modelling for control: Qualitative models as a unifying framework
Authors: Jørgensen S. Bay , Hangos Katalin M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractGrey box modelling traditionally reflects that both a priori and experimental knowledge are being incorporated into the model‐building process, where both of them may exhibit uncertain character. A brief investigation into various grey box modelling approaches reveals that they differ mainly with respect to the required model accuracy. Moreover, the goal of the model application has to be considered in the model building, since this goal defines the desired accuracy of the model, which is represented as model uncertainty.This paper advocates the view that grey box modelling is model building which incorporates uncertainty description. Qualitative differential and algebraic equations are proposed in this paper as a unifying framework for development of dynamic models with uncertainty. the steps in the model development cycle are defined for this unifying framework, wherein the computational complexity issues are addressed at each step. It is also shown how qualitative differential and algebraic equations can be specialized to important well‐known grey box model forms such as robust models with parametric uncertainty, constraint qualitative differential equations and digraph models. the presented concepts and grey box model forms are illustrated on a simple example: a heat exchanger with bypass.
Plant‐wide control of a hybrid process
Authors: de Prada C. , Sarabia D. , Cristea S. , Mazaeda R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with the model predictive control (MPC) of an industrial hybrid process where continuous and batch units operate jointly: the crystallization section of a sugar factory. The paper describes a plant‐wide predictive controller that takes into account, both, continuous objectives and manipulated variables, as well as those related to the discrete operation and logic of the batch units. The MPC is formulated with time events, so that a more efficient NLP optimization technique, instead of MINLP, could be applied. Adaptation is provided by model updating and error estimation. Results of the controller operation in an industrial simulator are provided. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Architectural Relevance of Gordon Pask
Authors: Haque Usman 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSebastiano Brandolini describes the work of Antonio Citterio who, despite a low‐key personal presence on the Italian architectural scene and an architecture of quiet restraint, has gained an enviable international reputation for his elegant and ‘impeccably well‐made’ buildings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wearable Technologies, Portable Architectures and the Vicissitudes of the Space Between
Authors: Papadopoulos Despina 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe omnipresence of the iPod and mobile phone has ensured portable and wearable technologies' highly privileged position in contemporary society. They are at the top of the pile where conspicuous consumption is concerned ‐ you only have to visit an Apple store on a Saturday afternoon to witness the degree to which this highly sought‐after gadgetry has become subject to consumer frenzy and speculation. Here, Despina Papadopoulos reviews the particular social and cultural impact of wearable devices. She also welcomes in a new generation of interactive designers who are investigating the human and emotional potential of emergent technologies. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
It's All Inside My Head
Authors: Spiller Neil 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe physical manifestations of built architecture are often discussed in terms of a single architect's inspiration, overemphasising and romanticising the intellectual contribution of the signature architect. Here Neil Spiller describes the extraordinary departure that Marcos Novak is undertaking at the University of California's Santa Barbara campus, where Novak's own scanned brain becomes a literal, reflexive generating force in the formation of a spatial environment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lighting the Cavern: ‘Alvar Aalto: Through the Eyes of Shigeru Ban’
Authors: Spens Michael 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMichael Spens has an intimate working knowledge of the buildings of Alvar Aalto having supported a restoration programme for Aalto's Viipuri Library in Russia between 1993 and 1997, which involved professionals from Russia and Finland. Here he offers his thoughts on the recent Aalto exhibition at the Barbican. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large mergers and acquisitions of European brewing groups—event study evidence on value creation
Authors: Ebneth Oliver , Theuvsen Ludwig 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAcquisitions have been the growing trend in recent years, giving brewers the opportunity to enhance their degree of internationalization and market share remarkably through diverse one‐off deals. Larger brewers are faced with low prospects for volume growth in developed markets leading them to seek growth either via acquisition of other brewers or by aggressive participation in developing markets or both. This study employs event study analysis to examine 31 mergers and acquisitions among leading European brewing groups. Differences regarding the brewers' corporate success can be determined within the European peer group. The results are discussed by additionally comparing the performance of companies that experienced M&As and companies that did not. Managerial implications as well as future research propositions conclude this article. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 23: 377–406, 2007.
The composition of milk from free‐living common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in Brazil
Authors: Power Michael L. , Verona Carlos Eduardo , Ruiz‐Miranda Carlos , Oftedal Olav T. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCommon marmosets, one of the smallest anthropoid primates, have a relatively high reproductive rate, capable of producing twins or triplets twice per year. Growth and development of infants is relatively rapid, and lactation is relatively short at less than 3 months. Although mean values for the proximate composition (dry matter, protein, fat and sugar) of captive common marmoset milks fall within anthropoid norms, composition is highly variable among individual samples, with concentrations of milk fat ranging from below 1 to over 10%. To examine the extent to which this variation might be a consequence of captive conditions, we collected milk samples from wild common marmosets freely living on a farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The proximate composition of the milk samples was assayed using identical techniques as used for the captive marmoset milks. The composition of the milk of wild common marmosets was also variable, but tended to be lower in dry matter, fat, protein and gross energy, and higher in sugar than milks from captive animals. Interestingly, the percentage of estimated gross energy from the protein fraction of the milks was relatively constant in both wild and captive marmosets and did not differ between wild and captive animals: 1 kcal of common marmoset milk contains on average (±SEM) 0.035±.001 g of protein regardless of the gross energy content of the milk or whether the milk was from a wild or captive animal. In contrast, in 1 kcal of low‐energy milks, the amount of sugar was significantly higher and the amount of fat significantly lower than in 1 kcal of high‐energy milks. Thus, common marmoset milk exhibits axes of variability (especially fat concentration) as well as a significant stability in the relative amount of protein. Am. J. Primatol. 70:78–83, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circadian cortisol secretion and circadian adrenal responses to ACTH are maintained in dexamethasone suppressed capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella)
Authors: Torres‐Farfan Claudia , Valenzuela Francisco J. , Ebensperger Renato , Méndez Natalia , Campino Carmen , Richter Hans G. , Valenzuela Guillermo J. , Serón‐Ferré María 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that the capuchin monkey adrenal (Cebus apella) gland has oscillatory properties that are independent of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by exploring under ACTH suppression by dexamethasone: (i) maintenance of a circadian rhythm of plasma cortisol and (ii) clock time dependency of plasma cortisol response to exogenous ACTH. The capuchin monkey had a clear ACTH and plasma cortisol rhythm. Dexamethasone treatment resulted in low non‐rhythmic ACTH levels and decreased cortisol to 1/10 of control values; nevertheless, the circadian rhythm of plasma cortisol persisted. We found that cortisol response to exogenous ACTH was clock time‐dependent. The maximal response to ACTH occurred at the acrophase of the cortisol rhythm (0800 h). These results suggest that the capuchin monkey adrenal cortex may possess intrinsic oscillatory properties that participate in the circadian rhythm of adrenal cortisol secretion and in the circadian cortisol response to ACTH. Am. J. Primatol. 70:93–100, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systems design means process precision, but emphasizes culture, value, and results
Authors: Lewis Melanie 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe issue: What does a comprehensive internal dispute resolution system look like?The problems: Is it current? Is it responsive? Is it effective?The perspective: Melanie Lewis, of Atlanta, describes how Coca‐Cola Enterprises Inc. assesses its conflict resolution needs, as well as how it implements, operates, and monitors its program–including provisions to redesign for new developments
Synthesis and photoinduced surface‐relief grating of well‐defined azo‐containing polymethacrylates via atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhu Xiulin , Wu Jianhong , Zhu Jian , Chen Xinrong , Cheng Zhenping 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA well‐defined photoresponsive polymethacrylate containing azo chromophores, poly[6‐(4‐phenylazophenoxy)hexylmethacrylate] [Poly(PPHM)], was prepared with azo‐based monofunctional and difunctional initiators via atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of CuCl/1,1,4,7,10,10‐hexamethyltriethylenetetramine. The polymerizations with first‐order kinetics were well controlled with theoretical expected molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distributions in two initiation systems. The UV absorption intensities of the poly (PPHM)s increased with increasing molecular weight of the poly(PPHM)s in all cases. The 80‐nm surface‐relief gratings with 2.7% efficient diffraction formed on the poly (PPHM) film surface were obtained with a linearly polarized krypton laser with 10 min of irradiation at a recording beam intensity of 188 mW/cm2 with a wavelength of 413.1 nm. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Medium‐density particleboards from rice husks and soybean protein concentrate
Authors: Leiva P. , Ciannamea E. , Ruseckaite R. A. , Stefani P. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRice husks are a valuable agricultural residue produced worldwide with potential applications as a wood substitute in particleboard manufacturing. In this work, the feasibility of producing medium‐density particleboards based on waste rice husks bonded with environmentally friendly adhesives from soybean protein concentrate was analyzed. The mechanical properties, internal bond strength, and water resistance of the obtained panels bonded with the homemade soybean protein concentrate adhesives were compared to those of boards glued with commercial adhesives such as phenol–formaldehyde and urea–formaldehyde resins. An alkaline treatment improved the gluing ability of the soybean protein concentrate. The mechanical properties of the alkali‐treated soybean protein concentrate were comparable to those determined for panels with urea–formaldehyde. The lower water resistance of the alkali‐treated soybean protein concentrate particleboards, compared with that of the formaldehyde‐based resins, was counterbalanced by the advantage of being more environmentally sound, which makes them suitable for applications for which the requirements for water resistance are not stringent. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Production of low‐molecular‐weight natural rubber: Comparative assessment of a nonchemical route
Authors: Okwu U. N. , Akinlabi A. K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe use of Funtumia latex and nitrobenzene as molecular weight depressants for natural rubber was studied. Portions of a given sample of natural rubber latex were treated with these materials, and this provided a means of ascertaining the amount of Funtumia latex in a blend with natural rubber that could produce a lowering of the molecular weight equivalent to that from known concentrations of nitrobenzene in natural rubber latex. The molecular weight of the products decreased to an equilibrium value after 10 h of reaction with nitrobenzene. The calculations revealed that a 27.9% substitution of natural rubber latex (300 mL) with Funtumia rubber latex achieved the same result as nitrobenzene in the same polymer at concentrations of 0.5–2.0 wt % of the dry rubber content of the latex after 10 h of reaction. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Molecular weight studies of the γ‐irradiation degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) doped with poly(p‐sulfanilamide)
Authors: Sayyah S. M. , Khaliel A. B. , Abd El‐Salam H. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe protection of some poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) samples against γ rays was investigated in the absence and presence of poly(p‐sulfanilamide). Pure PMMA (without additives) and PMMA–poly(p‐sulfanilamide) blend samples were irradiated with γ rays for different exposure doses (5, 15, 25, 35, 50, 75, and 100 kGy). The viscosity‐average molecular weights were determined and thin‐layer chromatography measurements were carried out after each irradiation dose. The maximum protection against γ rays was found when 1% poly(p‐sulfanilamide) was used. The radiation chemical yield for main scission (Gs) was calculated and had lower values in the case of 1% poly(p‐sulfanilamide). The energy absorption per scission was maximum for 1% poly(p‐sulfanilamide), and this confirmed the obtained Gs data. From thin‐layer chromatography studies, it was observed that both the retention factor (Rf) values and polydispersity of the PMMA samples increased with an increasing exposure dose. The effect of γ irradiation on PMMA films doped with 1% poly(p‐sulfanilamide) was investigated with UV spectroscopy after the extraction of the additives. A change in the intensity of the absorption bands with an increasing irradiation dose was recorded. It is suggested that PMMA films doped with this type of polymer can be used as dosimeters. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Synthesis, characterization, ion‐exchange, and antimicrobial study of poly[(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzophenone) propylene] resin and its polychelates with lanthanides (III)
Authors: Patel M. M. , Kapadia M. A. , Patel G. P. , Joshi J. D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe polymeric ligand (resin) was prepared from 2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzophenone with 1,3‐propane diol in the presence of polyphosphoric acid as a catalyst on constant heating at 160°C for 13 h. The poly[(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxybenzophenone) propylene] (HMBP‐PD) form 1 : 2 metal/ligand polychelates (metal–polymer complexes) with La(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), and Dy(III). The polymeric ligand and its polychelates (metal–polymer complexes) were characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibilities, IR‐spectroscopy, NMR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The molecular weight was determined using number average molecular weight (Mn) by a vapor pressure osmometry (VPO) method. Activation energy (E) of the resin was calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All the polychelates are paramagnetic in nature except La(III). Ion‐exchange studies at different electrolyte concentrations, pH, and rate have been carried out for lanthanides(III) metal ions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Profile‐based push models in manpower planning
Authors: Guerry Marie‐Anne 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA methodology is presented to deal with heterogeneity due to observable variables in modeling personnel systems. For a manpower system, a model based on personnel profiles is introduced. The proposed algorithm concerns an analysis of the evolution of personnel profiles under time‐discrete Markov assumptions. In this way, based on an historical personnel database, the estimation of transition probabilities of profiles as well as the computation of forecasts on the evolution of the manpower system can be found. Based on the presented procedure, a policy supporting software package has been developed for the Belgian Federal Government (research project financed by Federaal Wetenschapsbeleid). Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alimentary hyperlipemia of rabbits is affected by exposure to low‐intensity pulsed magnetic fields
Authors: Luo Erping , Shen Guanghao , Xie Kangning , Wu Xiaoming , Xu Qiaoling , Lu Lihua , Jing Xiaomei 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAn experimental study was carried out in rabbits to investigate the effects of exposing rabbits to low‐intensity pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) on alimentary hyperlipemia. Thirty female white big ear rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. The normal group was fed with a standard chow diet and the other two groups (hyperlipid and magnetic) were fed with the chow diet supplemented with cholesterol, yolk powder and lard. The magnetic group was exposed to 15 Hz pulsed magnetic fields. After 8 weeks, levels of blood lipid and indices of hemorheology were examined. In addition, histomorphologic changes of hepatic and myocardial tissues were compared across the groups respectively. Compared with the hyperlipid group, hemorheology indices of the magnetic group reduced significantly from 12.80% to 38.05% (P < 0.01) indicating lower blood viscosity. Similarly, compared with the hyperlipid group, the levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the magnetic group decreased 40.52% and 52.42% (P < 0.01). On the contrary, high density lipoprotein (HDL) value obviously increased 66.67% (P < 0.01). Furthermore, compared with the control group, the values of triglycerides and HDL of the magnetic group did not show statistical differences (P > 0.05). The deposit of fatty material on the inner lining of thoracic aorta wall of the magnetic group was significantly lighter than that of the hyperlipid group. Numerous aggregation of lipoids emerged among myocardial myofibrils in the hyperlipid group, while no notable change was found in both the magnetic and control group. The results indicate that low‐intensity PMFs could be helpful for the treatment of alimentary hyperlipemia. Bioelectromagnetics 28:608–614, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.