bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical and soft X-ray light-curve analysis during the 2022 eruption of U Scorpii: Structural changes in the accretion disk
Authors: Muraoka Katsuki , Kojiguchi Naoto , Ito Junpei , Nogami Daisaku , Kato Taichi , Tampo Yusuke , Taguchi Kenta , Isogai Keisuke , Arranz Teofilo , Blackwell John , Blane David , Brincat Stephen M , Coates Graeme , Cooney Walter , Dvorak Shawn , Galdies Charles , Glomski Daniel , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Harris Barbara , Hodge John , Hernández-Verdejo Jose L , Iozzi Marco , Itoh Hiroshi , Kiyota Seiichiro , Lee Darrell , Larsson Magnus , Lahtinen Tapio , Myers Gordon , Monard Berto , Morales Aimar Mario , Moriyama Masayuki , Mizutani Masanori , Nagai Kazuo , AlQaissieh Thabet , Gabuya Aldrin B , Odeh Mohammad , Perello Carlos , Pearce Andrew , Miguel Perales Juan , Quiles David , Romanov Filipp D , Lane David J , Richmond Michael , Ruocco Nello , Sano Yasuo , Spearman Mark , Schmidt Richard , Vanmunster Tonny , Dubovsky Pavol A , Wagner Richard , Wollenhaupt Guido , Lorenz Joachim , Lehmann Gerhard , Salewski Andrea , Williamson Guy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present our optical photometric observations of the 2022 eruption of the recurrent nova U Scorpii (U Sco) using 49152 data points over 70 d following the optical peak. We have also analyzed its soft X-ray (0.3–1 keV) light curve by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. During the 2022 eruption, the optical plateau stage started 13.8–15.0 d and ended 23.8–25.0 d after the optical peak. The soft X-ray stage started 14.6–15.3 d and ended 38.7–39.5 d after the optical peak. Both stages started later and had shorter durations, and the soft X-ray light curve peaked earlier and was less luminous compared to those during the U Sco 2010 eruption. These points suggest that there were differences in the envelope mass between the different cycles of the nova eruption. Furthermore, we have analyzed the optical eclipses during the 2022 eruption. The primary eclipse was first observed 10.4–11.6 d after the optical peak, earlier than the beginning of the optical plateau stage. This sequence of events can be explained by the receding ejecta photosphere associated with the expanding nova ejecta. We have determined the ingress and egress phases of the primary eclipses and estimated the outer radius of the optical light source centered at the white dwarf (WD). During the optical plateau stage, the source radius remained ∼1.2 times larger than the Roche volume radius of the primary WD, being close to the L1 point. When the optical plateau stage ended, the source radius drastically shrank to the tidal truncation radius within a few orbital periods. This previously unresolved phenomenon can be interpreted as a structural change in U Sco where the temporarily expanded accretion disk due to the nova wind returned to a steady state.
A dominant negative mutation of GhMYB25-like alters cotton fiber initiation, reducing lint and fuzz
Authors: Zhao Guannan , Le Yu , Sun Mengling , Xu Jiawen , Qin Yuan , Men She , Ye Zhengxiu , Tan Haozhe , Hu Haiyan , You Jiaqi , Li Jianying , Jin Shuangxia , Wang Maojun , Zhang Xianlong , Lin Zhongxu , Tu Lili 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fibers, vital natural textile materials, are single-cell trichomes that differentiate from the ovule epidermis. These fibers are categorized as lint (longer fibers useful for spinning) or fuzz (shorter, less useful fibers). Currently, developing cotton varieties with high lint yield but without fuzz remains challenging due to our limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying fiber initiation. This study presents the identification and characterization of a naturally occurring dominant negative mutation GhMYB25-like_AthapT, which results in a reduced lint and fuzzless phenotype. The GhMYB25-like_AthapT protein exerts its dominant negative effect by suppressing the activity of GhMYB25-like during lint and fuzz initiation. Intriguingly, the negative effect of GhMYB25-like_AthapT could be alleviated by high expression levels of GhMYB25-like. We also uncovered the role of GhMYB25-like in regulating the expression of key genes such as GhPDF2 (PROTODERMAL FACTOR 2), CYCD3; 1 (CYCLIN D3; 1), and PLD (Phospholipase D), establishing its significance as a pivotal transcription factor in fiber initiation. We identified other genes within this regulatory network, expanding our understanding of the determinants of fiber cell fate. These findings offer valuable insights for cotton breeding and contribute to our fundamental understanding of fiber development.
Cryogenic electron microscopy and tomography reveal imperfect icosahedral symmetry in alphaviruses
Authors: Chmielewski David , Su Guan-Chin , Kaelber Jason T , Pintilie Grigore D , Chen Muyuan , Jin Jing , Auguste Albert J , Chiu Wah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Alphaviruses are spherical, enveloped RNA viruses with two-layered icosahedral architecture. The structures of many alphaviruses have been studied using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) reconstructions, which impose icosahedral symmetry on the viral particles. Using cryogenic electron tomography (cryo-ET), we revealed a polarized symmetry defect in the icosahedral lattice of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in situ, similar to the late budding particles, suggesting the inherent imperfect symmetry originates from the final pinch-off of assembled virions. We further demonstrated this imperfect symmetry is also present in in vitro purified CHIKV and Mayaro virus, another arthritogenic alphavirus. We employed a subparticle-based single-particle analysis protocol to circumvent the icosahedral imperfection and boosted the resolution of the structure of the CHIKV to ∼3 Å resolution, which revealed detailed molecular interactions between glycoprotein E1–E2 heterodimers in the transmembrane region and multiple lipid-like pocket factors located in a highly conserved hydrophobic pocket. This complementary use of in situ cryo-ET and single-particle cryo-EM approaches provides a more precise structural description of near-icosahedral viruses and valuable insights to guide the development of structure-based antiviral therapies against alphaviruses.
Blood Flow Restriction and Veterans With Multiple Sclerosis and Advanced Disability: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mañago Mark M , Will Robert , Strahler Talia , Van Valkenburgh Lauren , Harris-Love Michael O , Forster Jeri E , Cameron Michelle , Christiansen Cory L 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study will be to determine the efficacy of low intensity lower extremity resistance training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on quadriceps muscle strength and thickness in veterans with advanced multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods
This will be an assessor-blinded, 2-group (1 to 1 allocation) randomized controlled trial targeting an enrollment of 58 participants with advanced MS as defined by Patient-Determined Disease Steps scale levels 4 to 7. Both groups will complete 10 weeks of twice weekly low-load resistance training (20%–30% of 1-repetition max) targeting knee and hip extension, knee flexion, and ankle plantarflexion. The intervention group will perform all training using BFR, with limb occlusion pressures between 60% and 80% of maximal limb occlusion pressure. Primary outcomes will be quadriceps muscle strength and thickness. Secondary outcomes will include knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion strength, functional mobility, physical activity, and patient-reported measures. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and at a 2-month follow-up assessment. The change between groups postintervention and after the 2-month follow-up will be reported for all outcomes. All analyses will assume a 2-sided test of hypothesis (α = .05).

Impact
There is very little evidence for the efficacy of exercise interventions in people with MS who have advanced mobility disability. Resistance training with BFR may be an important approach for people with advanced MS who may not tolerate more conventional, moderate-to-high intensity resistance training. The results of this study will inform clinicians regarding exercise decisions for people with advanced MS and future investigations on the role of BFR in people with MS.
Working memory load impairs tacit coordination but not inter-brain EEG synchronization
Authors: Newman Lionel A , Cao Ming , Täuber Susanne , van Vugt Marieke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Coordinating actions with others is thought to require Theory of Mind (ToM): the ability to take perspective by attributing underlying intentions and beliefs to observed behavior. However, researchers have yet to establish a causal role for specific cognitive processes in coordinated action. Since working memory load impairs ToM in single-participant paradigms, we tested whether load manipulation affects two-person coordination. We used EEG to measure P3, an assessment of working memory encoding, as well as inter-brain synchronization (IBS), which is thought to capture mutual adjustment of behavior and mental states during coordinated action. In a computerized coordination task, dyads were presented with novel abstract images and tried selecting the same image, with selections shown at the end of each trial. High working memory load was implemented by a concurrent n-back task. Compared with a low-load control condition, high load significantly diminished coordination performance and P3 amplitude. A significant relationship between P3 and performance was found. Load did not affect IBS, nor did IBS affect performance. These findings suggest a causal role for working memory in two-person coordination, adding to a growing body of evidence challenging earlier claims that social alignment is domain-specific and does not require executive control in adults.
The pill you don’t have to take that is still effective: neural correlates of imaginary placebo intake for regulating disgust
Authors: Schienle Anne , Kogler Wolfgang , Seibel Arved , Wabnegger Albert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A commonly established protocol for the administration of open-label placebos (OLPs)—placebos honestly prescribed—emphasizes the necessity of ingesting the pill for the placebo effect to manifest. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging study used a novel approach to OLP administration: the imaginary intake of an OLP pill for regulating disgust. A total of 99 females were randomly allocated to one of three groups that either swallowed a placebo pill (OLP Pill), imagined the intake of a placebo pill (Imaginary Pill) or passively viewed (PV) repulsive and neutral images. The imaginary pill reduced reported disgust more effectively than the OLP pill and was also perceived as a more plausible method to reduce emotional distress. Relative to the OLP pill, the imaginary pill lowered neural activity in a region of interest involved in disgust processing: the pallidum. No significant differences in brain activation were found when comparing the OLP pill with PV. These findings highlight that imagining the intake of an OLP emerged as a superior method for regulating feelings of disgust compared to the actual ingestion of a placebo pill. The study’s innovative approach sheds new light on the potential of placebo interventions in emotion regulation.
How much does immigration contribute to national poverty rates? A decomposition analysis for 17 European welfare states
Authors: de Smalen David , Van Bavel Jan , Van Lancker Wim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Over the past decades, many European welfare states failed to reduce poverty. We examine two coinciding trends: the inability to lower poverty rates, and the growth of immigrant populations. Immigrants have become the main contributor to population growth in Europe and have higher poverty risks than natives. This contribution quantifies to what extent national poverty rates were driven by population change. We present a Kitagawa–Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition of national poverty rates in 17 western European countries between 2005 and 2019 using EU-SILC data. The effect of shifting EU and non-EU immigrant populations on poverty rates is heterogeneous: while poverty in some countries increased substantially due to compositional changes, for the majority the effect was small or negligible, including in countries with above-average growth of foreign-born populations. Overall, in two-thirds of country–years changes in the population composition were not the main driver of national poverty rates.
Structural Disadvantages to the Kin Network from Intergenerational Racial Health Inequities
Authors: Sohn Heeju 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article utilizes the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to demonstrate how disadvantages in healthy life expectancies accumulated across generations create disparate kin structures among African American families in the United States. The analysis quantifies the overlap in parents’ healthy years with their adult children’s healthy life expectancies and examines how much the overlap coincides with the adult children’s childrearing years. Non-Hispanic Black adults experienced parental illness and death sooner than non-Hispanic White adults, and their parents’ poor health coincided longer with their own health declines. Non-Hispanic White adults, on the other hand, enjoyed more years in good health with two healthy parents. The intergenerational accumulation of unequal healthy life expectancies directly translated into unequal kin structures for the subsequent third generation. Race inequities in the intergenerational kin structure and health were greater among women than among men, and non-Hispanic Black women spent the most years raising children in poor health with unhealthy or deceased parents. Disparities in the intergenerational tempos of fertility, mortality, and morbidity are building profound structural racial inequities within a fundamental social institution—the family.
Bilingual Law in Wales (and England): The Implications of Law Being Made in Two Languages
Authors: Hughes Dylan Mortimer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article concerns bilingual legislation and focusses on the legal status of the Welsh language in Welsh legislation, an issue complicated by the confusing context of the single jurisdiction for England and Wales. It refers to analysis of the position undertaken by the Law Commission of England and Wales (which included comparative analysis of the position in Canada, in particular), and to recent consideration by the Court of Appeal (E&W) of the implications of the England and Welsh languages having equal status for all purposes. This has significant effects on practitioners and the courts, in both Wales and England.
Subjective or Objective Legislative Intention: An Australian/German Perspective
Authors: Meyer Stephan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
‘Legislative intention’ as the aim of statutory interpretation has attracted increased attention in the Australian High Court, reinvigorating scholarly attention on the elusive concept. A subjective approach regards it as having an empirical reality. The competing objective view denies any conceptual connection to empirical circumstances and demotes it to a metaphor for the proper application of rules of statutory interpretation. This antagonism prevails in civil law jurisdictions as well. In Germany specifically, it goes back to the 1830s. The article juxtaposes the two local debates so as to mutually provide an additional perspective on the subject matter that can inspire future cross-system discourse. It highlights how similar arguments from both theoretical camps have formed in the two countries over time. And it not only documents striking similarities in how Australia’s and Germany’s highest courts declared commitment to an objective approach but it also reveals contrary curial trends that have most recently emerged.
Contemporary Management and Outcomes of Veterans Hospitalized With Alcohol Withdrawal: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ronan Matthew V. , Gordon Kirsha S. , Skanderson Melissa , Krug Michael , Godwin Patrick , Heppe Daniel , Hoegh Matthew , Boggan Joel C. , Gutierrez Jeydith , Kaboli Peter , Pescetto Micah , Guidry Michelle , Caldwell Peter , Mitchell Christine , Ehlers Erik , Allaudeen Nazima , Cyr Jessica , Smeraglio Andrea , Yarbrough Peter , Rose Richard , Jagannath Anand , Vargas Jaclyn , Cornia Paul B. , Shah Meghna , Tuck Matthew , Arundel Cherinne , Laudate James , Elzweig Joel , Rodwin Benjamin , Akwe Joyce , Trubitt Meredith , Gunderson Craig G. 
Published: March 2024

Objectives
Few studies describe contemporary alcohol withdrawal management in hospitalized settings or review current practices considering the guidelines by the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with alcohol withdrawal on medical or surgical wards in 19 Veteran Health Administration (VHA) hospitals between October 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019. Demographic and comorbidity data were obtained from the Veteran Health Administration Corporate Data Warehouse. Inpatient management and hospital outcomes were obtained by chart review. Factors associated with treatment duration and complicated withdrawal were examined.

Results
Of the 594 patients included in this study, 51% were managed with symptom-triggered therapy alone, 26% with fixed dose plus symptom-triggered therapy, 10% with front loading regimens plus symptom-triggered therapy, and 3% with fixed dose alone. The most common medication given was lorazepam (87%) followed by chlordiazepoxide (33%), diazepam (14%), and phenobarbital (6%). Symptom-triggered therapy alone (relative risk [RR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–0.80) and front loading with symptom-triggered therapy (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62–0.92) were associated with reduced treatment duration. Lorazepam (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.02–1.41) and phenobarbital (RR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06–1.54) were associated with increased treatment duration. Lorazepam (adjusted odds ratio, 4.30; 95% CI, 1.05–17.63) and phenobarbital (adjusted odds ratio, 6.51; 95% CI, 2.08–20.40) were also associated with complicated withdrawal.

Conclusions
Overall, our results support guidelines by the ASAM to manage patients with long-acting benzodiazepines using symptom-triggered therapy. Health care systems that are using shorter acting benzodiazepines and fixed-dose regimens should consider updating alcohol withdrawal management pathways to follow ASAM recommendations.
Exploring the Relationship Between Age at Nap Cessation and Social-Emotional Functioning in Children
Authors: Loeffler Anna , Rankin Peter , Smith Simon S. , Thorpe Karen , Staton Sally 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
The objective of this study was to examine variations in age at nap cessation and identify whether there is an association with social-emotional functioning (SEF) as measured by internalizing/externalizing behavior, child temperament, and social skills in a sample of early childhood education and care–attending children.

Methods:
The sample comprised 1117 children from the Australian Effectiveness Early Educational Experiences for Children longitudinal early childhood study. We used children's age at nap cessation as retrospectively recalled by caregivers in 2011 or 2013 when children were between ages 2 and 7 years. Each child's SEF was reported by a caregiver using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Short Temperament Scale for Children, and the Social Skills Inventory Scale. Associations between children's age of nap cessation and SEF were tested using linear regressions.

Results:
The children's age at nap cessation ranged from 6 months to 6 years. For each additional year of napping, children's total, conduct, externalizing, and peer behavior problems decreased by 0.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.70 to −0.09), 0.11 (95% CI, −0.21 to −0.01), 0.11 (95% CI, −0.51 to −0.06), and 0.11 (95% CI, −0.20 to −0.02) units on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scale, respectively. No further significant associations were found.

Conclusion:
This is the first study reporting the age range of nap cessation and its associations with social-emotional functioning. Our findings demonstrate earlier cessation ages in Australian children attending Early Childhood Education and Care programs than previously reported and a small association with externalizing and peer problems.
A Systematic Review on Treatment Outcomes of Striae
Authors: Zhu Catherine Keying , Mija Lorena Alexandra , Koulmi Kaouthar , Barankin Benjamin , Mukovozov Ilya 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Striae are fine lines on the body that occur following rapid skin stretching (i.e., following pregnancy, puberty, weight change). The aim of this systematic review was to assess the current literature on treatment outcomes associated with striae.

OBJECTIVE
(1) To assess the efficacy and safety of different treatment options reported for striae and (2) to determine the most efficient treatment options for each subtype of striae.

METHODS
A systematic search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed with no publication date or language restrictions. All articles with original data and treatment outcomes were included.

RESULTS
One hundred fifty-one studies on the treatment of striae met inclusion criteria (83% female, mean age at diagnosis = 30.2), and 4,806 treatment outcomes of striae were described. Energy-based devices were the most reported modality (56%; n = 2,699/4,806), followed by topicals (19%; n = 919/4,806) and combinations (12%; n = 567/4,806). The highest rates of complete response were injection-based devices for striae distensae (7%; n = 12/172), CO2 lasers for striae alba (4%; n = 12/341), and platelet-rich plasma injections for striae rubra (31%; n = 4/13).

CONCLUSION
Treatment options for striae are varied, likely indicating a lack of effective treatments due to the diversity in striae subtypes. Improved outcomes in striae management may be achieved with additional research on factors that predict treatment response.
Spatiotemporal light exposure modeling for environmental circadian misalignment and solar jetlag
Authors: VoPham Trang , Ton Mimi , Weaver Matthew D. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Light exposure is the most powerful resetting signal for circadian rhythms. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a high-resolution geospatial light exposure model that measures environmental circadian misalignment (or solar jetlag) as the mismatch between the social clock and sun clock, which occurs from geographic variation in light exposure leading to delayed circadian phase from relatively less morning light exposure and greater evening light exposure with increasing westward position within a time zone.

Methods:
The light exposure model (30 m2 spatial resolution) incorporated geospatial data across the United States on time zones, elevation (using Google Earth Engine), sunrise time, and sunset time to estimate solar jetlag scores (higher values indicate higher environmental circadian misalignment). The validation study compared the light exposure model in 2022, which was linked with geocoded residential addresses of n = 20 participants in Boston, MA (eastern time zone position) and Seattle, WA (western time zone position) using a geographic information system, with illuminance values captured from wearable LYS light sensors and with sun times from the Solar Calculator.

Results:
Western versus eastern positions within a time zone were associated with higher solar jetlag scores from the light exposure model (P < 0.01) and relatively larger differences in sunset time measured using light sensors (social clock) and the Solar Calculator (sun clock) (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
We developed and validated a geospatial light exposure model, enabling high spatiotemporal resolution and comprehensive characterization of geographic variation in light exposure potentially impacting circadian phase in epidemiologic studies.