bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes assessment of an alternative career choice program
Authors: Farnsworth Charles C. , Fiechtner Leslie A. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Objective—To assess the outcomes of an alternative track program designed to address shortages of veterinarians in nonpractice areas of the veterinary profession.
Design—Telephone survey.
Study Population—Recent veterinary graduates.
Procedures—A telephone survey of recent graduates from the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Alternative Career Choice program was conducted. Respondents were asked to give open-ended responses to a list of 9 interview questions.
Results—Of the 21 alternative career choice students who graduated between the years 2000 and 2005, 17 were interviewed.
Conclusion—Analysis of the data suggested that it may be possible to decrease the total number of weeks allotted to the alternate career choice program without impairing the ability of graduates to find employment in their chosen career fields.
Use of chemical ablation with trichloroacetic acid to treat eyelid apocrine hidrocystomas in a cat
Authors: Yang Shih-Hung , Liu Chen-Hsuan , Hsu Chia-Da , Yeh Lih-Seng , Lin Chung-Tien 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Case Description—A 7-year-old Persian cat was evaluated for recurrence of multiple cystic periocular masses. A number of cyst-like lesions had been resected from the left eyelids 18 months earlier, with lesions recurring within 6 months after surgery. The cat had blepharospasm and signs of discomfort following rupture of the largest cyst the day prior to examination. Previous histologic examination of the cysts had revealed apocrine hidrocystomas.
Clinical Findings—Multiple pigmented nodules were seen around the skin of the upper and lower left eyelids. The nodules were brownish to black, round, soft, and fluid-filled. Signs of pain were not evident during palpation of the nodules.
Treatment and Outcome—The largest cyst on the upper eyelid was removed by means of a V-shaped full-thickness excision. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination of the excised tissue confirmed the diagnosis of apocrine hidrocystoma. The remaining periocular cysts were surgically debrided and then treated topically with 20% trichloroacetic acid. All lesions healed rapidly without any signs of discomfort. During a recheck examination 12 months later, the upper and lower left eyelids appeared morphologically normal, and there was no evidence of recurrence.
Clinical Relevance—Findings suggested that chemical ablation with trichloroacetic acid may be a useful treatment for apocrine hidrocystomas in cats.
Zinc intoxication in dogs: 19 cases (1991–2003)
Authors: Gurnee Carolyn M. , Drobatz Kenneth J. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Objective—To determine physical examination findings, clinicopathologic changes, and prognosis in dogs with zinc toxicosis.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—19 dogs with zinc toxicosis.
Procedures—Medical records from 1991 through 2003 were searched for animals with a diagnosis of zinc toxicosis.Information concerning signalment, body weight, historical findings, initial owner complaints, physical examination findings, clinicopathologic findings, blood zinc concentrations, source of zinc, treatments given, duration of hospital stay, and outcome was collected.
Results—Records of 19 dogs with zinc toxicosis were reviewed.The most common historical findings were vomiting (n = 14) and pigmenturia (12).The most common clinicopatho logic findings were anemia (n = 19) and hyperbilirubinemia (12).Median age was 1.3 years, and median weight was 5.6 kg (12.3 lb). The prognosis was favorable, with 17 dogs surviving after a median hospital stay of 2 days.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Hemolytic anemia as a result of zinc toxicosis appeared to affect young small-breed dogs more frequently than older large-breed dogs.The prognosis with treatment is good, and most affected dogs had a short hospital stay.
Factors associated with outcome following treatment of horses with septic tenosynovitis: 51 cases (1986–2003)
Authors: Wereszka Marta M. , White Nathaniel A. , Furr Martin O. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Objective—To identify factors associated with outcome (ie, survival and return to function) following treatment of horses with septic tenosynovitis.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—51 horses with septic tenosynovitis.
Procedures—Information was obtained from medical records and through follow-up conversations with owners. Factors analyzed for an association with outcome included affected limb, etiology, duration of clinical signs prior to examination, presence of complications, primary treatment, secondary treatments, number of surgical procedures, and hospitalization time.
Results—Concurrent complications were identified in 41 (80%) horses. The primary treatment consisted of through-and-through lavage in 26 (51%) horses, tenoscopy in 20 (39%), and tenosynoviotomy combined with lavage in 5 (10%). Forty (78%) horses were discharged, and 37 (73%) survived at least 1 year after surgery; 21 of the 37 (57%) returned to their previous or a higher level of performance. Percentages of horses that survived 1 year after discharge and percentages that returned to their intended use did not vary significantly among treatments. Horses with tendon rupture or sepsis of an adjacent joint were significantly less likely to survive. Horses with tendon injury or pannus were significantly less likely to return to their intended use.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that various factors were associated with outcome in horses with septic tenosynovitis. However, surgical technique was not found to be associated with survival rate or rate of return to intended use.
Internal fixation of a femur fracture in an American bullfrog
Authors: Royal Lillian W. , Grafinger Michael S. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Lewbart Gregory A. , Christian Larry S. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Case Description—An adult male American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) was evaluated by the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine's Turtle Rescue Team following vehicular trauma.
Clinical Findings—A fracture of the left femur was suspected on examination and palpation of the hind limbs, but no other injuries or abnormalities were detected. While the bullfrog was sedated, whole-body radiographic views were obtained, which revealed a closed midshaft comminuted fracture of the left femur.
Treatment and Outcome—The fracture was repaired by use of an internal fixation technique that included Kirschner wires, a positive-profile pin secured along the femur with encircling sutures, and polymethylmethacrylate molded around the entire apparatus. There were no major complications during the postoperative rehabilitation period. One year after surgery, radiography revealed complete fracture healing and the bullfrog was released back into the wild.
Clinical Relevance—Presently, there are no widely accepted methods for fracture fixation in amphibians. Factors associated with their aquatic environment and lengthy fracture healing time must be addressed when planning fracture fixation strategies. In the bullfrog of this report, the applied internal fixation method provided effective long-term stabilization of the femur, allowed for normal movement, and enabled the bullfrog to be housed in an aquatic environment immediately after surgery.
Improved Synthesis of Pyrroles and IndolesviaLewis Acid‐Catalyzed Mukaiyama–Michael‐Type Addition/Heterocyclization of Enolsilyl Derivatives on 1,2‐Diaza‐1,3‐Butadienes. Role of the Catalyst in the Reaction Mechanism
Authors: Attanasi Orazio A. , Favi Gianfranco , Filippone Paolino , Lillini Samuele , Mantellini Fabio , Spinelli Domenico , Stenta Marco 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe Mukaiyama–Michael‐type addition of various silyl ketene acetals or silyl enol ethers on some 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐butadienes proceeds at room temperature in the presence of catalytic amounts of Lewis acid affording by heterocyclization 1‐aminopyrrol‐2‐ones and 1‐aminopyrroles, respectively. 1‐Aminoindoles have been also obtained by the same addition of 2‐(trimethylsilyloxy)‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene on some 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐butadienes and subsequent aromatization. Mechanistic investigations indicate the coordination by Lewis acid of the enolsilyl derivative and its 1,4‐addition on the azo‐ene system of 1,2‐diaza‐1,3‐butadienes. The migration of the silyl group from a hydrazonic to an amidic nitrogen, its acidic cleavage and the final internal heterocyclization give the final products. Based on NMR studies andab initiocalculations, a plausible explanation for the migration of the silyl protecting group is presented.
Vanadium‐Catalyzed Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes and Ketones with tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide
Authors: Rout Laxmidhar , Nath Pinku , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones has been described using silica‐supported vanadium(IV) oxide (V/SiO2, 1) in the presence of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide in tert‐butyl alcohol at ambient temperature with quantitative yields. The procedure is simple, efficient and environmentally benign.
Activation of Mononuclear Arene Ruthenium Complexes for Catalytic Propargylation Directly with Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Bustelo Emilio , Dixneuf Pierre H. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractMononuclear complexes of the type [(p‐cymene)RuX(CO)(PR3)][OTf] (R=Ph, Cy; X=Cl, OTf) promote the direct catalytic propargylation of furan with propargyl alcohols. These precursors are generatedin situfrom [(p‐cymene)RuCl(OTf)(PR3)] by activation of the propargylic alcohol, leading to the carbonyl ligand formationviaallenylidene and alkenyl‐hydroxycarbene intermediates. The generation of the catalytically active species requires a short initial thermal activation to induce decoordination of thep‐cymene ligand. Thein situgenerated catalyst has been applied to catalytic transformations of alkynes and propargylic alcohols: propargylation of furans, propargyl ether synthesis from internal and terminal propargylic alcohols with propargyl, homopropargyl and allyl alcohols, selective dimerization of phenylacetylene intoE‐enyne, and propargyl alcohol rearrangement into α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and ketonesviathe Meyer–Schuster rearrangement. The propargylation of propargylic alcohols containing internal CC bonds suggests an activationviathe Nicholas‐type intermediate, the metal‐stabilized propargyl cation.
The effect of consumer risk perceptions on the propensity to purchase genetically modified foods in Romania
Authors: Curtis Kynda R. , Moeltner Klaus 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study evaluates consumer purchase propensity for genetically modified (GM) food products in Romania, shedding light on consumer preferences in developing Eastern European nations. Results based on a bivariate probit model of purchase propensity for GM sunflower oil and table potatoes show that consumers in Romania are generally opposed to GM food consumption, similar to consumers in Western Europe, but contrary to consumers in many developing nations. Purchase probabilities carry across GM foods, indicating homogeneity in consumer risk perceptions. Additionally, income levels and risk perceptions are the primary drivers of purchase decisions, whereas positive or beneficiary product attributes (e.g., health, environmental, economic) are currently not considered by consumers. Negative consumer risk perceptions of GM goods in Romania will likely make the implementation of these crops for economic development purposes difficult. [EconLit Citations: Q18, D12, O12] © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 23: 263–278, 2007.
HACCP implementation and economic optimality in turkey processing
Authors: Nganje William E. , Kaitibie Simeon , Sorin Alexander 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRegulatory impact assessment suggests that Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a cost‐effective food safety regulation that is highly beneficial to society. This study focuses on firm‐level costs and benefits from adoption of specific critical control points. A stochastic optimization framework is used to determine optimal testing and sampling strategies for Salmonella reduction in turkey processing. Results show that under The Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) mandated tolerance levels, processors need to designate no more than five critical control points, three more than what is included in the generic HACCP plan. Moves to tighten tolerances should be considered carefully because additional implementation costs tend to increase exponentially. [EconLit Citations: Q18, D81, C61] © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 23: 211–228, 2007.
Nonlinear experimental design using Bayesian regularized neural networks
Authors: Coleman Matthew C , Block David E 
Published: April 2007

AbstractNovel criteria for designing experiments for nonlinear processes are presented. These criteria improve on a previous methodology in that they can be used to suggest a batch of new experiments to perform (as opposed to a single new experiment) and are also optimized for discovering improved optima of the system response. This is accomplished by using information theoretic criterion, which also heuristically penalize experiments that are likely to result in low (nonoptimal) results. While the methods may be applied to any type of nonlinear‐nonparametric model (radial basis functions and generalized linear regression), they are here exclusively considered in conjunction with Bayesian regularized feedforward neural networks. A focus on the application of rapid process development, and how to use repeated experiments to optimize the training procedures of Bayesian regularized neural networks is shown. The presented methods are applied to three case studies. The first two case studies involve simulations of one and two‐dimensional (2‐D) nonlinear regression problems. The third case study involves real historical data from bench‐scale fermentations generated in our laboratory. It is shown that using the presented criteria to design new experiments can greatly increase a feedforward neural network's ability to predict global optima. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Access to data on chemical composition of products used in auto repair and body shops
Authors: Karstadt Myra , Bobal Renee 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSome information on chemical composition of products used in the workplace can be obtained by requesting composition data from product marketers.Workers in auto repair and body shops identified 253 products used in their shops. Full disclosure of composition was obtained for approximately 20% of the 174 products marketed by companies which answered our letters. Composition was partially disclosed for approximately 40% of the products, and about 10% of the product formulations were claimed to be trade secret or confidential.The study reported in this paper was carried out in New York State in 1980, before the effective date of the New York State right‐to‐know law. The results of this study can be used as a benchmark to judge the effectiveness of worker right‐to‐know laws and product labeling regulations.
A multivariate statistical method for the establishment of maximum allowable exposure to toxic materials in the workplace
Authors: Goldstein Richard B. , Silverberg Joel S. , Martin Horace F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA model has been developed for setting standard limiting concentrations for toxic substances in the body fluid or tissues of industrial workers. The method is very flexible, and allows the use of either univariate or multivariate data, and of classification schemes, which are either supervised, unsupervised, or partially supervised. An index of subclinical biological damage is derived which is used to determine an optimal limiting exposure level. The model is applied to the particular case of selecting a maximum allowable concentration of blood lead in workers in industrial settings where lead toxicity is a danger.
Mortality among a sample of chemical company employees
Authors: Bond Gregory G. , Reeve Gordon R. , Gerald Ott M. , Waxweiler Richard J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA general mortality survey was done on a 5% random‐start systematic sample (N = 1,666) of present and former white male employees of a Texas chemical plant. The purpose was to determine whether there were any unusual patterns of cause‐specific mortality that would require further research with case‐control studies. Mortality risks were examined by duration of employment and year of hire as surrogates for more specific exposure data. Among all employees in the sample, there was significant excess mortality due to All Cancer, Ill‐Defined Conditions, and All External Causes of Death, and a significant deficit from All Circulatory Diseases. The excess mortality from All Cancer was primarily attributable to excess cancers of the kidney, lung, and pancreas. The excesses for lung and kidney cancer were statistically significant. Those employed for 1 year or more experienced significantly lower mortality from All Causes than those employed for less than 1 year.
Epidemiologic and immunologic studies in processors of the king crab
Authors: Orford Robert R. , Wilson John T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFollowing the report of ten cases of respiratory illness in processors of frozen king crab, we investigated the conditions of work and the pulmonary and immunologic status of the workers in three crab‐processing and one fish‐packing (control) plant. Pulmonary function was measured before and after work, and skin tests were performed in subgroups matched for age, sex, and duration of current employment. The antibody response to king crab antigens was examined in sera from the subgroups and another (unrelated) control group. Extracts of crab meat, shell, and processing dust were used for skin testing and precipitin detection. FEV1, FVC, and MEFR decreased during the day in two crab processors, and precipitins were evident in sera from nine, but findings were normal in the fish packers. Crab meat elicited the strongest response, with multiple precipitin bands in some cases. Control sera showed no reaction. There was correlation between serology, results of skin tests, and symptoms. It is concluded that the inhalation of aerosolized crab antigen(s) may cause respiratory symptoms and can cause immunologic effects similar to those caused by other occupational respiratory allergens. We recommend preplacement and periodic medical examination of workers in crab‐processing plants, improved ventilation in processing areas, and programs to discourage smoking.
Proportionate mortality study of workers in the garment industry exposed to formaldehyde
Authors: Stayner Leslie , Smith Alexander B. , Reeve Gordon , Blade Leo , Elliott Larry , Keenlyside Richard , Halperin William 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn order to evaluate the human carcinogenicity of formaldehyde, we conducted a proportionate mortality study of garment workers engaged in the production of shirts from formaldehyde‐treated cloth. This study included three plants, and was based upon 256 deaths identified from a death‐benefit insurance fund. No deaths due to nasal cancer were observed, and the mortality from respiratory cancer (11 cases, PMR = 95) was slightly less than expected. Statistically significant (p < .05) elevations in proportionate mortality were observed for malignant neoplasms of the “buccal cavity” (three cases, PMR = 750), for “biliary passages and liver” (four cases, PMR = 313) and for “other lymphatic and hematopoietic sites” (four cases, PMR = 400). A proportionate cancer mortality (PCMR) analysis also was conducted, and cancer of the “buccal cavity” (three cases, PCMR = 682), and other “lymphatic and hematopoietic sites” (four cases, PCMR = 342) were still significantly elevated. The observed excesses in cancer mortality were primarily experienced by white females, who made up the major portion of the workforce, and workers with more than 10 years of latency and duration of exposure, a criterion for inclusion for most workers in the study group. The neoplasms observed were not equally distributed among the three facilities included in the study. Because of the small number of deaths involved and the lack of consistency with other studies, we believe that these findings should be viewed cautiously, pending the outcome of more definitive studies.
Mortality among rubber workers: X. Reclaim workers
Authors: Delzell Elizabeth , Monson Richard R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis study evaluated the mortality experience of 1,352 white and 438 nonwhite men who worked in the rubber‐reclaiming division of a large rubber manufacturing company. In comparisons of mortality of white reclaim workers with that of nonreclaim workers rate ratios were 2.7 for esophageal cancer (six observed deaths among reclaim workers), 2.1 for bladder cancer (seven observed deaths), and 4.5 for multiple myeloma (six observed deaths). The excess of bladder cancer among white reclaim workers may be associated with their employment in other high‐risk areas of the plant, whereas no such explanation was found for the excesses of esophageal cancer and multiple myeloma. Overall, the lung cancer mortality rate of white reclaim workers was similar to the rate of US white males and other white rubber workers. There was a 50% excess of lung cancer deaths among nonwhite reclaim workers compared with other nonwhite rubber workers. However, this observation is based on small numbers, and no firm conclusions can be reached about the risk of lung cancer associated with reclaim operations in this group of rubber workers.
Asbestos disease in sheet metal workers: The results of a proportional mortality analysis
Authors: Zoloth Stephen , Michaels David 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe results of a proportional mortality analysis of a cohort of sheet metal workers who have only intermittent exposure to asbestos demonstrates a significant excess of cancer at the three sites most frequently associated with asbestos: lung, colon and rectum, and the mesothelium. No excess nonmalignant respiratory disease was detected. These data strongly suggest that significant asbestos‐related disease is present in populations with secondary exposure to asbestos and emphasize the importance of considering possible asbestos‐related disease when treating patients with a history of employment in the construction industry.
Percutaneous penetration of benzene in hairless mice: An estimate of dermal absorption during tire‐building operations
Authors: Susten Allan S. , Dames Barbara L. , Burg Jeanne R. , Niemeier Richard W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRepeated skin contact with solvents containing as much as 0.5% benzene is common in workers building regular bias passenger tires. To estimate the amount of benzene absorbed through the skin of these workers, a series of in vivo studies was conducted in hairless mice. Percutaneous absorption, following single dermal applications of 14C‐benzene contained in rubber solvent at a concentration of 0.5% (v/v), was calculated directly from the sums of radioactivity found in excreta, expired breath, and the carcass. Data from the study, together with observations made during tire‐building operations, suggest that a worker could absorb 4–8 mg of benzene daily through the skin. This compares to 14 mg per day via inhalation at the NIOSH recommended standard of 1 ppm. Thus dermal absorption could contribute from 20–40% of the total benzene dose of these workers.