bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Site‐Selective Alkylation of Tropones via Formal C(sp3)−C(sp2) Coupling Reaction
Authors: Brunetti Andrea , Garbini Mauro , Gino Kub Nico , Monari Magda , Pedrazzani Riccardo , Zanardi Chiara , Bertuzzi Giulio , Bandini Marco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe first site‐selective electrochemical alkylation of tropones is realized by reacting 2‐acetoxytropones and redox‐active‐esters (RAEs). The electroreductive protocol enables the preparation of mono‐ and disubstituted tropones in high yields (up to 71%) under very mild conditions. Dedicated voltammetric measurements served for the identification of 2‐acetoxytropones as a class of valuable trapping agents of nucleophilic radical species and shed light on the whole mechanistic profile. Wide tolerance towards functional groups (27 examples) and application to late‐stage functionalization of a bioactive compound (i. e. Colchicine analogue), emphasize the synthetic impact of the present methodology.
In Situ Generation of a Gel Polymer Electrolyte via the Controlled Formation of Ethylene Carbonate in a Poly(ethylene carbonate)‐Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Solid Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Rozita , Lepage David , Foran Gabrielle , Prébé Arnaud , Aymé‐Perrot David , Dollé Mickael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrolytes play an essential role in electrochemical energy storage devices. Liquid electrolytes have good ionic conductivity but tend to be flammable, prompting some of the safety concerns that are associated with these devices. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are presented as a potential solution to this problem. These materials have higher mechanical stability and can be formulated to be non‐flammable. However, ionic conductivity in solid polymer electrolytes tends to be several orders of magnitude lower than that of liquid electrolytes, significantly limiting device performance making electrolyte safety and performance difficult to optimize simultaneously. However, gel electrolytes which combine lower flammability, higher mechanical strength, and adequate ionic conductivity may present a solution to this challenge. To this end, the melt processing of hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) with poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) followed by the in situ formation of ethylene carbonate (EC) is reported. Conversion of PEC to EC is confirmed via NMR spectroscopy. Electrochemical testing reveals improved ionic conductivity following the conversion of the solid polymer electrolyte to the gel polymer electrolyte. Improvements in ionic conductivity, relative to the initial SPE, are attributed to decreased salt‐polymer interactions in favor of salt‐EC interactions as observed via differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Molybdenum Disulfide‐based Lossy Mode Resonance Sensors: Uncovering Wider Dynamic Range and High Sensitivity Through Computational Approaches
Authors: Nurrohman Devi Taufiq , Chiu Nan‐Fu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUntil now, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors still rely on gold as their transducer element, and this makes cheap analytical devices difficult to achieve. On the other hand, lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensors offer transducers with more alternative materials due to their flexibility, which can be excited in p‐ and s‐polarized light. In this research it is carried out a numerical investigation using the transfer matrix method on LMR sensor composed of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) as lossy layer and Cytop as matching layer. The reflectance curves for different thicknesses of MoS2 and Cytop are numerically investigated. The results obtained show that the chip consisting of 250 nm Cytop and 4 layers of MoS2 has a penetration depth 3 times higher than conventional SPR chips. If sensors with two types of polarization are compared, sensors with s‐polarized light have shown higher sensitivity reaching 72.13°/RIU with a wider dynamic range starting from a refractive index of 1.331 to 1.401. In this refractive index range, this sensor has displayed good signal stability where the reduction in resonance dip depth is only ≈6%. These computational results make the proposed structure very promising to be applied in the quantification of biological materials.
Turmeric‐Derived Nanoparticles Functionalized Aerogel Regulates Multicellular Networks to Promote Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Wu Bodeng , Pan Weilun , Luo Shihua , Luo Xiangrong , Zhao Yitao , Xiu Qi , Zhong Mingzhen , Wang Zhenxun , Liao Tong , Li Ningcen , Liu Chunchen , Nie Chengtao , Yi Guanghui , Lin Shan , Zou MengChen , Li Bo , Zheng Lei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRegulation of excessive inflammation and impaired cell proliferation is crucial for healing diabetic wounds. Although plant‐to‐mammalian regulation offers effective approaches for chronic wound management, the development of a potent plant‐based therapeutic presents challenges. This study aims to validate the efficacy of turmeric‐derived nanoparticles (TDNPs) loaded with natural bioactive compounds. TDNPs can alleviate oxidative stress, promote fibroblast proliferation and migration, and reprogram macrophage polarization. Restoration of the fibroblast–macrophage communication network by TDNPs stimulates cellular regeneration, in turn enhancing diabetic wound healing. To address diabetic wound management, TDNPs are loaded in an ultralight‐weight, high swelling ratio, breathable aerogel (AG) constructed with cellulose nanofibers and sodium alginate backbones to obtain TDNPs@AG (TAG). TAG features wound shape‐customized accessibility, water‐adaptable tissue adhesiveness, and capacity for sustained release of TDNPs, exhibiting outstanding performance in facilitating in vivo diabetic wound healing. This study highlights the potential of TDNPs in regenerative medicine and their applicability as a promising solution for wound healing in clinical settings.
Dual Flame‐Retardant Mechanism‐Assisted Suppression of Thermal Runaway in Lithium Metal Batteries with Improved Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Yang Jin Hyeok , Jeong Yeon Kyeong , Kim Wontak , Lee Min A , Choi Jang Wook , Kim Hyun‐seung , Kim Ki Jae 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite considerable research efforts of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) in various aspects are performed, however the application as the power sources for transport vehicles remains challenging from the safety concerns and durability of LMBs. Therefore, to improve the safety and electrochemical performance of LMBs, a sophisticated separator composed of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and a CaO nanocomposite is engineered to concurrently impart the flame‐retardant properties and enhance Li‐ion transport. During normal operation, the coated CaO particles enhance the Li‐ion transport, and the cycle performance of the LMB improves as the Li‐metal cycling efficiency is enhanced without any side reactions. In contrast, under abnormal conditions, particularly at high temperatures, the coated CaO and DBDPE chemically react and act as fire extinguishers in the LMB. DBDPE exhibits gas‐phase flame‐retardant characteristics and forms HBr at high temperatures, which then subsequently reacts with CaO nanocrystals, forming CaBr2 with liquid‐phase flame‐retardant characteristics. Hence, both liquid‐ and gas‐phase flame‐retardant characteristics are observed in the DBDPE–CaO‐coated polyethylene separator (DCPE) in the pouch‐level LMB. The formation of the in situ halogen‐based material in the LMB is attributed to a spontaneous chemical mechanism‐based flame‐retardant strategy. Consequently, the distinctive features of the DCPE separator improves the electrochemical performance and safety of LMBs.
Yolk‐Shell Structure and Spin‐Polarized Surface Capacitance Enable FeS Stable and Fast Ion Transport in Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Han Meisheng , Liu Jie , Deng Chengfang , Guo Jincong , Mu Yongbiao , Zou Zhiyu , Zheng Kunxiong , Yu Fenghua , Li Qiang , Wei Lei , Zeng Lin , Zhao Tianshou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIron sulfide (FeS) has been extensively studied as sodium‐ion battery anodes due to its high theoretical capacity (609 mAh g−1), but its large volume expansion and low electrical conductivity result in unsatisfactory cycling life and poor rate performance. Moreover, the sodium ion storage mechanism of FeS at a voltage range of 0.01–1 V involving conversion reactions and subsequent ion storage process is unclear yet. Here, the study proposes a vapor‐pressure induced synthesis route to fabricate FeS/C yolk‐shell structure that ultrathin carbon layers coat on the surface of FeS nanosheets, which can accommodate volume expansion of FeS during sodiation observed via in situ transmission electron microscope and improve its electrical conductivity. Remarkably, an in situ magnetometry reveals that vast spin‐polarized electrons can be injected into superparamagnetic Fe nanoparticles (≈3 nm) formed during conversion reaction to induce evolution of electrode magnetization between 0.01 and 1 V, during which spin‐polarized surface capacitance effect occurs at Fe/Na2S interfaces to increase extra ion storage and boost ion transport stably. Consequently, the FeS/C yolk‐shell nanosheets deliver a high reversible capacity of 664.9 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and 300.4 mAh g−1 after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g−1 with a capacity retention of 81.1%.
Enhanced photothermal conversion in 3D stacked metal–organic framework nanosheets
Authors: Zhu Shan , Huang Chuanhui , Li Xiao , Chen Xiangyu , Ye Haochen , Xue Zhenjie , Hu Wenping , Wang Tie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncorporating metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrated great potential in the field of photo‐/photothermal‐catalysis. However, the oriented design and optimization of the 3D nano‐architectures of MOF substrates to achieve high‐efficiency light harvesting remains a challenge. Herein, guided on theoretical simulation, a facile etching strategy was employed to fabricate a 3D orderly‐stacked‐MOF‐nanosheet‐structure (CASFZU‐1) with a high electric field energy‐density‐distribution; well‐dispersed MNPs were afterwards encapsulated onto the MOF support. The unique nanosheet structure improved the light absorbance over the broadband spectrum, thereby enhancing the plasmonic photothermal effects of the MNPs@CASFZU‐1 composites. Based on the plasmon‐driven photothermal conversion, the MNPs@CASFZU‐1 composites exhibited approximately twofold catalytic efficiency in the hydrogenation reaction and a lower temperature for the full conversion of carbon monoxide, compared to their bulk‐type composites. The surface‐plasmon‐driven photothermal effects can be exploited in innovative MNPs@MOF platforms for various applications.
The history of the Vienna Protocol on dealing with Holocaust era human remains and its resonance with ethical considerations in African American bioarcheology
Authors: Hildebrandt Sabine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Vienna Protocol on How to Deal with Holocaust Era Human Remains describes what to do when possibly Jewish human remains are found. Based on Jewish medical ethics, it responds to the 2014–2017 discoveries of human remains stemming from biomedical contexts of the Nazi period. Among the finding sites were the Dahlem campus of the Free University of Berlin, the Medical University of Strasbourg, and Max Planck Institute archives. The Vienna Protocol is unique among similar recommendations on Nazi era human remains in its representation of the voices of those who suffered violence and were targeted as victims by Nazi persecution. In addition to discussing the ethics of dealing with physical human remains, these recommendations address the use of images (i.e., visual data) from the bodies of victims of Nazi violence. This paper presents the historical background of the Vienna Protocol and its impact. It also offers a first analysis as to why, at the time of the protocol's formulation, its authors were unaware of its resonance with ethical considerations from African American bioarcheology and a new ethical culture in bioanthropology. Potential reasons for this disconnect may include the historic marginalization of the voices of black scholars in anthropology within the wider scientific community. However, more detailed studies are needed to analyze similarities and differences between the histories and continuities of antisemitism and racism in Europe and the U.S.A., and their ties with scientific theories and practices of disciplines that gain knowledge from human remains.
Synthesis of phosphine‐tethered indenyl ruthenium complexes through c‐h bonds activation followed by C‐C bond coupling: High performance catalysts for the redox isomerization of allylic alcohols
Authors: Deng Danfeng , Chen Chongwei , Dong Shuo , Zhang Ke , Wang Zefeng , Guo Sheng‐Rong 
Published: March 2024

Reactions of 3‐(2‐pyridyl)indene and 5‐methyl‐3‐(2‐pyridyl)indene with Ru(PPh3)3Cl2, generated two phosphine‐tethered indenyl ruthenium complexes {η5,κ1P‐(C5H4N‐C9H4R‐C6H4PPh2)}RuCl(PPh3) (R = H, 1; R = CH3, 2), respectively. While treatment of 3‐(6‐methyl‐2‐pyridyl)indene with Ru(PPh3)3Cl2 gave a product {η5‐(CH3C5H3N‐C9H6)}RuCl(PPh3)2 (3); 1 could further react with NaBArF4 to produce a cationic complex [{η5,κ1P‐(C5H4N‐C9H5‐C6H4PPh2)}Ru(PPh3)][BArF4] (15). When treated with NaOMe in methanol, 1 was converted into [{η5,κ1P‐(C5H4N‐C9H5‐C6H4PPh2)}RuH(PPh3)] (16). These five complexes were investigated as catalysts for redox isomerization of allylic alcohols, and 16 exhibited best catalytic activity in the presence of tBuOK, reaching quantitative yield in 5 min when α‐vinylbenzyl alcohol was used as the substrate, requiring catalyst loading of 1 mol%.
Mutations in KASIIB result in increased levels of palmitic acid in soybean seeds
Authors: Devereaux Rachel , Carrero‐Colón Militza , Hudson Karen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe plasticity of the lipid profile of soybean oil has made the soybean a crop with value in feed, food and industrial uses. Soybean oil typically consists of approximately 10% of the fully saturated palmitic acid, which has value for industrial purposes, however it is generally undesirable in food applications. Two soybean KASII (ketoacyl‐ACP synthase II) genes have been previously implicated in the control of seed palmitic acid levels. Using forward genetics, we isolated four novel alleles in the GmKASIIB gene that result in increased levels of palmitic acid, ranging from 13% to 16% of the total fatty acid content, over multiple seasons in the field. Three of the KASIIB mutations result in independent amino acid substitutions at conserved positions in the KASII protein, and one single nucleotide polymorphism is likely to cause aberrant splicing of the KASIIB transcript. These new mutations can be used in breeding applications to increase palmitic acid content and to probe the control of fatty acid biosynthesis in soybean seeds.
Which international co‐authorships produce higher quality journal articles?
Authors: Thelwall Mike , Kousha Kayvan , Abdoli Mahshid , Stuart Emma , Makita Meiko , Wilson Paul , Levitt Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInternational collaboration is sometimes encouraged in the belief that it generates higher quality research or is more capable of addressing societal problems. Nevertheless, while there is evidence that the journal articles of international teams tend to be more cited than average, perhaps from increased international audiences, there is no science‐wide direct academic evidence of a connection between international collaboration and research quality. This article empirically investigates the connection between international collaboration and research quality for the first time, with 148,977 UK‐based journal articles with post publication expert review scores from the 2021 Research Excellence Framework (REF). Using an ordinal regression model controlling for collaboration, international partners increased the odds of higher quality scores in 27 out of 34 Units of Assessment (UoAs) and all Main Panels. The results therefore give the first large scale evidence of the fields in which international co‐authorship for articles is usually apparently beneficial. At the country level, the results suggests that UK collaboration with other high research‐expenditure economies generates higher quality research, even when the countries produce lower citation impact journal articles than the United Kingdom. Worryingly, collaborations with lower research‐expenditure economies tend to be judged lower quality, possibly through misunderstanding Global South research goals.
How do operational meteorologists perceive model performance for elevated convection?
Authors: Flack David L. A. , Lattimore Chris , Seltzer Mark , Silverstone Michael D. , Lehnert Matthew , Lean Humphrey W. , Petch Jon C. , Willington Steve 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOperational Meteorologists (OMs) in the Met Office have a perception that elevated convection is not well represented in kilometre‐scale models, which are generally associated with an improved representation of convection. Here, we consider why there may be a problem with representing elevated convection and consider how OMs judge the model to be poor so often. Three OMs have subjectively scored and classified observed elevated convection cases over the UK from 2017 to 2020. Continental plumes (warm, moist, air coming from the near continent or Africa) account for 73% of the cases. The most frequent errors are associated with (i) location, (ii) organisation, (iii) timing and (iv) intensity of the convection. Thus, OMs perceive that the biggest problem with predicting elevated convection is constraining the location of the convective events. The location errors are particularly prevalent for events coming to the UK from the near continent. The location errors are most frequently identified for flow regimes coming from the near continent in weakly forced synoptic conditions. The identification of this problem enables the specific targeting of research into continental plumes (for UK elevated convection) but also raises questions around the role of lateral boundary conditions in the forecasts of elevated convection.
Reasons for repeat urgent cardiac procedures within the same day
Authors: Bhogal Sukhdeep , Garg Mohil , Meda Namratha S. , Merdler Ilan , Wermers Jason P. , Hashim Hayder D. , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Waksman Ron 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundWith advances in technology and technique, the expectations are that patients undergoing procedures in the cardiac catheterization laboratory will not need to return for a repeat procedure within the same day.ObjectivesReport why subjects undergoing cardiac procedures return urgently to the catheterization laboratory for a repeat procedure during the same day.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who were brought back to the cardiac catheterization laboratory within the same day for a repeat procedure. The reasons for index and repeat procedure were identified. Patients who were transferred from an outside center after an initial procedure at other centers were excluded.ResultsBetween November 2013 and January 2022, 55,942 catheterization procedures were performed at our institution, of which 140 entries were included in our analysis. Common reasons for the index procedure were diagnostic angiography (35.0%), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI, 29.2%), and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (15.0%). The most common reason for bringing these patients back to the cardiac catheterization laboratory within the same day was vascular complications (24.2%), followed by repeat PCI (20.7%), need for hemodynamic support (15.0%), heart team discussion and PCI (10%), and pacemaker implantation (10%). Acute limb ischemia was the most commonly identified vascular complication (7.1%), followed by pseudoaneurysm (5%).ConclusionOur study demonstrates that a very small number of patients underwent repeat procedures within the same day. Special attention should be paid to vascular access and closure and assessment of recurrent chest pain postprocedure, as these are the main reasons for same‐day repeat procedures.
Isolated perinephric abscess as the initial manifestation of filariasis—an unusual presentation
Authors: Sharma Govind , Sachdeva Rajat , Aggarwal Shweta , Verma Amogh , Anand Ayush , Singh Ajeet , Satapathy Prakasini 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageFilariasis may present as an isolated perinephric abscess. Hence, a high index of suspicion should be maintained in endemic settings.AbstractIn cases with unexplained fever, eosinophilia and perinephric collection, it is necessary to do detailed infectious disease work up. High index of suspicion is required to diagnose filariasis due to its wide range of clinical presentation and laboratory findings. It may present as perinephric abscess, which can be diagnosed through ultrasonography.
Photoredox Catalytic Access to N,O‐Acetals from Enamides by Means of Electron‐Poor Perylene Bisimides
Authors: Steuernagel Desirée , Rombach David , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractN,O‐acetals are found as structural motifs in natural products and are important synthetic precursors for N‐acylimines as building blocks in organic synthesis for C−C‐bond formation and amines. For the synthesis of N,O‐acetals, an acid‐, base‐ and metal‐free catalytic method is reported applying N,N‐di‐(2,6‐diisopropyl)‐1,7‐dicyano‐perylen‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid imide and N,N‐di‐(2,6‐diisopropyl)‐1,6,7,12‐tetrabromo‐2,5,8,11‐tetracyano‐perylen‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid imide as extremely electron‐deficient photocatalysts. The first perylene bisimide highly selectively photocatalyzes the formation of the N,O‐acetals as products in high yields, and the second and more electron‐deficient perylene bisimide allows these reactions without thiophenol as an H‐atom transfer reagent. Calculated electron density maps support this. The reaction scope comprises different substituents at the nitrogen of the enamides and different alcohols as starting material. Dehydroalanines are converted to non‐natural amino acids which shows the usefulness of this method for organic and medicinal chemistry.