bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatic abdominal wall hernia as a component of the seatbelt syndrome: Complete abdominal wall muscles transection treated with two-stage surgery and retrospective review in a first-level hospital.
Authors: Gómez-Torres Irene , Gamón-Giner Rosa Laura , Menor-Duran Pedro Daniel , Escrig Marta Queralt , Benedetti Génesis Jara , Ferrara Eduardo Alcobilla 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background Seat belt syndrome (SBS) is a rare condition described as injuries sustained due to thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic compression in the context of traffic accidents. These injuries can range from minor skin abrasions to large lesions of internal organs and spinal cord involvement. Traumatic abdominal wall hernias (TAWH) are one of the injuries that can be associated with this condition.Material and Methods We present a review of our case series and the description of a unique case of a 21-year-old male with a high severity injury, with complete transection of all abdominal wall musculature secondary to SBS, with associated visceral injury. Emergency surgery required intestinal and sigmoid colon resection, as well as repair of the cava vein. After a long recovery period, a second-stage surgery was planned for abdominal wall reconstruction, with prehabilitation using botulinum toxin and pneumoperitoneum, as well as surgical planning with a CT scan with 3D reconstruction of the abdominal wall defect.Results A retrospective review was conducted of patients with SBS, of whom only 6 presented with TAWH. Five out of the 6 cases had associated intrabdominal visceral injuries, with emergency surgical treatment required. In the case of complete transection of the abdominal wall, a second surgery was required for scheduled abdominal wall reconstruction, involving transversus abdominis release and placement of double mesh.Discussion The therapeutic approach to traumatic abdominal wall injuries should be individualized to each patient, with a focus on addressing vital injuries first and considering abdominal wall reconstruction surgery at a subsequent stage. Utilizing CT scan with 3D reconstruction can serve as a valuable tool for preoperative planning in cases involving significant abdominal wall defects.
The safety and utility of the semi-sitting position for clipping of posterior circulation aneurysms
Authors: Al-Afif Shadi , Lang Josef M. , Abdulbaki Arif , Palmaers Thomas , Scheinichen Dirk , Abu-Fares Omar , Hermann Elvis J. , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: The semi-sitting position offers several advantages for the surgical treatment of different pathologies in the posterior cranial fossa. However, there is only limited data regarding its safety and utility for the surgical clipping of aneurysms in the posterior cerebral circulation.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 17 patients with posterior cerebral circulation aneurysms who underwent surgical clipping in the semi-sitting position at the Department over a 10-year period.
Results: The mean age at surgery was 62 years (range, 31 to 75). Fourteen patients were admitted with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 3 patients had incidental aneurysmas. Fifteen patients had PICA aneurysms, and two had aneurysms of the vertebral artery and the superior cerebellar artery, respectively. The median diameter of the aneurysms was 5 mm (range 3-17 mm). Intraoperative venous air embolism (VAE) occurred in 4 patients, without affecting the surgical or clinical course. VAE was associated with a mild decrease of EtCO2 levels in 3 patients and in 2 patients a decrease of blood pressure occurred which was managed effectively. Surgical procedures proceeded as planned in all instances. There were no complications secondary to VAE. Two patients died secondary to respiratory problems (not related to VAE), and one patient was lost to follow-up. Eleven of fourteen patients were partially or completely independent (Barthel index between 60 and 100) at a median follow-up duration of 13.5 months (range, 3-103 months).
Conclusion: The semi-sitting position is a safe and effective for the surgical clipping of aneurysms in the posterior cerebral circulation experienced hands. The incidence of VAE is comparable to that seen in tumor surgery. However, it is crucial for the surgical and anesthesiological team to be familiar with potential complications and to react immediately upon the occurance of VAE.
Analysis of prognostic factors and construction of prognostic models for breast invasive lobular carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Lin , Wang Jianlin , Tang Liming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) account for most breast cancers. However, there is ongoing controversy regarding the differences in overall survival (OS) between ILC and IDC. The aim of this study was to compare survival between IDC and ILC, identify prognostic factors for ILC patients and to construct a nomogram for predicting the OS rates.
Methods: As a retrospective cohort analysis, this study utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Cancer Database. Patients diagnosed with ILC and IDC between 2000 and 2019 were chosen. To minimize baseline differences in clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes, we used a propensity score matching (PSM) method. The data from the multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to construct apredictive nomogram for OS at 1, 3 and 5 years, incorporating all independent prognostic factors.
Results: Following the PSM procedure, patients with ILC exhibited a better prognosis compared to those with IDC. TNM stage, age>70, radiotherapy, surgery, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR)and HR-/HER2+ subtype were independent factors for OS in ILC patients. Surgery and radiotherapy were found in this study to effectively reduce the risk of death while chemotherapy did not demonstrate the same benefit.
Conclusions: The nomogram displayed strong predictive performance and can support clinicians to evaluate the prognosis of ILC in decision-making and patient counseling.
The Role of Endothelial Frequency in the cerebral blood flow control during Neonatal Asphyxia: a retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Agudelo-Perez Sergio , Troncoso-Moreno Gloria , Muños-Diaz Cristian , Botero-Machado Juan David , Botero-Rosas Daniel Alfonso , Tuta-Quintero Eduardo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Cerebral blood flow alterations can be discerned through the analysis of endothelial frequencies. The hypothesis posits that there exists a disparity in endothelial activity between asphyxiated newborns with and without neuronal lesions.
Methods. A retrospective longitudinal study was carried out in which newborns receiving hypothermia treatment for moderate and severe asphyxia participated, segmented into two groups according to the presence or absence of neuronal damage. The study sought to investigate the temporal endothelial involvement in regulating cerebral blood flow control in both groups. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and the temporal series were subsequently transformed into the frequency domain.
Results. A total of 88 patients were included in the study. Of these, 53% (47/88) were male, and 33% (29/88) had brain lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging. 86% (76/88) had a gestational age, according to the Ballard scale, greater than 37 weeks, while 81% (71/88) had a birth weight greater than 2500 grams. The Cohen's d effect size was determined to assess the magnitude of the impact between the means of both groups. The results of Cohen's d indicated that there was a small effect size in endothelial energy between the groups based on the results of the cerebral magnetic resonance imaging, with a Cohen's d value for Day 2 = 0.2351 and for Day 3 = 0.2325.
Conclusion: Relationship between neuronal damage and endothelial function, providing a perspective on the underlying control mechanism endothelial participating in the cerebral blood flow regulation.
The Protective Impact of Residual Cholesterol on Mortality Risk in Oldest Old
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Jun , Xu Zinan , Xu Lanjing , Chen Chen , Wei Yuan , Zhou Jinhui , Liu Sixin , Xia Yuan , Zhang Min , Qi Li , Lv Yuebin , Shi Xiaoming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Residual Cholesterol (RC), similar to triglycerides, is recognized as an underlying mortality risk factor in the general adults,but it is unknown whether risks also increase with advancing age. Evidence regarding the effect of RC on cause-specific mortality risk among older adults, specifically the oldest old (80 years and above), are lacking.
Methods: We encompassed 4,289 Chinese older adults from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (a prospective, community-based cohort study, 2008–2021). RC was calculated using the formula of fasting total cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray’s semi-parametric method for competing risks analysis were used to estimate the association between RC and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk, respectively.
Results: As compared with participants in the lowest tertile RC group, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for those in the highest tertile were 0.868 (95% CI: 0.784–0.960) for all-cause mortality. A significant inverse linear relationship between RC levels and the risk of all-cause mortality, indicating a consistent decrease in risk until a threshold of 0.88 mmol/L is reached. An increment of 0.1 mmol/L of RC was associated with a reduction of 3.4% in all-cause mortality risk and a 5.6% decrease in non-CVD mortality. The inverse linear association remained significant for the oldest old, but not younger older adults.
Conclusions: In the oldest old, a higher concentration of RC was associated with a lower risk of all-cause and non-CVD mortality. The paradoxical association between higher RC and lower risk of mortality risk among the oldest old suggests that cholesterol-lowering therapy should be carefully considered for the oldest old with elevated concentrations of RC, as it may provide little to no benefit and could even be potentially harmful.
Ruled surfaces as self-similar solutions to the harmonic mean curvature flow in Minkowski 3-space
Authors: Yadav Akhilesh , Yadav Ajay Kumar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we fully classify the ruled surfaces in Minkowski 3-space that are self-similar solutions to the harmonic mean curvature flow (HMCF) under the translation and homothetic motion.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 53C42, 53E10.
Comparison of oral versus intravenous antimicrobial therapy for patients who were diagnosed with bloodstream infections due to Gram-negative bacilli after discharge from the emergency department: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Hasegawa Kohei , Doi Asako , Iwata Kentaro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in the emergency department (ED) are common, and the blood cultures taken at the visit can turn positive often after the discharge. However, the differences in the clinical outcomes depending on the subsequent decision-making, either to giving the patients intravenous or oral antibiotics remain unknown.
Methods
A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted for the outcome of the patients whose blood cultures at the visit turned positive and detected GNB. The primary outcome was 30- and 90-day all-cause mortality from the first positive blood cultures, comparing those who received intravenous treatment (IVT) and those who were given oral treatment (OT). The propensity score analysis was used to adjust the potential confounding factors.
Results
A total of 283 patients were diagnosed as GNB bloodstream infections (BSIs) after discharge from ED, and those whose each outcome was known were included in the analysis. No death occurred in either group within 30 days, with the average treatment effect (ATE) of OT being < 0.001 (p = 0.45) after inverse probability weighting (IPW). The 90-day mortality was 2.5% and 0% for the OT and IVT groups respectively (ATE 0.051; 96%CI 0.013–0.098; p = 0.001).
Conclusion
All of the patients with GNB-BSIs upon visiting ED who were treated with oral antibiotics were alive at 30 days but had higher mortality than those who received intravenous agents within 90 days. The results were consistent after adjusting the potential confounders by using IPW. Given the overall low mortality in both groups after 90 days, even though oral antibiotic therapy was associated with higher mortality statistically, one might consider this as an option especially when the patient’s preference was compelling.
In vitro induction of tetraploids in the ornamental plant Melastoma candidum using colchicine treatment
Authors: Zou Peishan , Zheng Yongxiao , Wang Yani , Hu Xing , Dai Seping , Wang Wei , Lee Shiou Yih , Liu Guofeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Artificially inducing tetraploids can aid in breeding new acarpous varieties and distant hybridization. This study firstly achieved polyploid induction in Melastoma, a popular ornamental shrub in southern China and northern Vietnam. The mature tetraploid obtained was identified and characterized. Colchicine was used as a mutagenic agent for doubling of germinating seed explants. By in vitro method, survival rate and tetraploid rate were affected by pre-culture, chemical concentration, and exposure duration. Explants treated with 0.2% concentration for four or more days showed 100% polyploid induction based on radicle morphology. However, considering induction success and mortality, the best option was 0.2% concentration for two days, resulting in a 71.9% polyploidization rate and 71.7% survival rate. Plantlets were then inoculated on MS + 0.5 mg/L BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA for shoot induction and ½ MS + 0.5 g/L NAA for further rooting. Twelve mature tetraploid plantlets were finally confirmed by flow cytometry. Phenotypic analysis revealed smaller, rounder, and thicker leaves with more abundant and longer epidermal hairs in polyploid and mixoploid plants compared to diploids. Also, stomata of polyploid were larger and sparser than those of the diploid wild type. These findings unprecedentedly provided an effective methodology for artificial polypoidy germplasm resources acquisition within Melastomataceae, which lay an important foundation for breeding fruitless cultivars.
Preparation of phosphinimide and their adsorption of uranium in aqueous solution
Authors: liu zengcheng , Wang Zhongchao , Wang Yanfei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The phosphinimide materials described in this paper were synthesized by polymerization precipitation. The properties of complexes coordinated with metal ions can be used as adsorbents for the adsorption of radioactive elements by using ligands such as imide and phosphorus groups. Then, the synthetic phosphinimide was characterized in detail by FT-IR, SEM, EDS and XPS, and its morphology and structural changes were studied. In addition, the effects of the material on the removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions at different pH, sorbent doses, contact times, initial concentrations, and temperatures were studied. The experimental data show that the adsorption process can fit the second-order kinetic model well, which is in line with the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic study of adsorption shows that the adsorption process is a spontaneous endothermic process. In addition, at a temperature of 303.15 K and pH = 6, the maximum adsorption of uranium (VI) by phosphinimide in 25 minutes can reach 276.2 mg⋅g− 1.
MFAP5+ Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT in gastric cancer via lactylation modification leading to CT-detected extramural venous invasion
Authors: Yang Hao , Gou Xinyi , Feng Caizhen , Zhang Yinli , Gu Huining , Chai Fan , Wang Yi , Ye Yingjiang , Hong Nan , Hu Guohua , Sun Boshi , Cheng Jin , Gao Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Computed tomography (CT)-detected extramural venous invasion (EMVI) has been identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial for remodeling the tumor microenvironment in GC. This study aimed to explore the relationship between CAFs and EMVI imaging characteristics to provide a new entry point for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
Methods
We collected postoperative pathological specimens from 13 patients with advanced GC associated with EMVI. Next generation sequencing and radiogenomics correlation analysis was used to identify the relationship between the EMVI score and the degree of CAFs infiltration in GC. Based on single-cell sequencing data, we completed pathway activity and functional enrichment analyses for specific CAF subtypes in GC. CAFs were extracted using the collagenase method and were cocultured with GC cell line in vitro. After lentivirus-mediated regulation of MFAP5 and LDHA expression, we detected changes in the degree of EMT and the invasion ability in GC cell. A nude mouse orthotopic EMVI model was constructed, and MRI and Immunohistochemistry were performed to verify that MFAP5 affected EMVI in GC by regulating LDHA.
Results
The correlation analysis results showed that the EMVI score of GC patients was directly proportional to the degree of CAFs infiltration, and the degree of CAFs infiltration in GC was closely related to EMT pathway Single-cell data analysis suggested that the Fibro-MFAP5+ subtypes were enriched in tumor lactylation modification and EMT. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of MFAP5, L-lactyl and EMT markers in GC tissues was proportional to the EMVI score. After knocking down MFAP5 in CAFs, the levels of L-lactyl and histone lactylation modifications were significantly reduced, and the sphere-forming ability and blood vessel formation ability of CAFs were significantly inhibited. Cell functional experiments demonstrated that MFAP5+ CAFs could affect EMT and the metastasis and invasion capabilities of GC cells. The results obtained with the nude mouse EMVI model suggested that MFAP5+ CAFs may promote the acquisition of EMVI features in GC by regulating lactylation modification.
Conclusions
This study explores the relationship between radiographic features of GC and the tumor microenvironment, and preliminarily elucidates its potential mechanisms. This innovative work may provide important new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
A Case Study of The Critical Role of Accurate Assessment and Objectivity in Species Prioritization for Conservation
Authors: Kınay A. Övgü , Çakar Uğur , Sakin Bensu , Yıldırım Ezgi Alaca , Matur Ferhat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study aims to prioritize species conservation using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and TOPSIS methods. Conservation planning involves a range of conditions, from biological factors to individual biases and the allocation of economic resources. This broad spectrum involves a selection process that needs to be done carefully to avoid wrong choices and reduced effectiveness of conservation measures. In the last two decades, scientists have been using more quantitative methods in decision-making situations. This is because quantitative data gives more objective results and removes bias from the decision-making process. In this study, scientific facts are added to the species prioritization process based on the results obtained using AHP and TOPSIS methods. AHP and TOPSIS are widely used methods in multi-criteria decision-making situations. The combination of these two methods reduces individual bias, as TOPSIS can correct for possible arbitrary comparisons in AHP. The IUCN Red List is a useful tool providing information on the threat status of species, related studies, distribution and population trends. However, IUCN alone is not sufficient to prioritize species. Therefore, the species prioritization process should include a wide range of criteria to assess all aspects of species status. These criteria can be collected from real studies to establish a reliable standard of assessment. In the study, seven of the 40 second and third level criteria were identified and 52 per cent of their weights were dropped. These criteria include population decline, niche breadth, species range, habitat loss and fragmentation, habitat specificity, genetic diversity and endemism. Based on the results of AHP and TOPSIS, it was determined that Acomys cilicicus should be prioritized for conservation among the nine candidate species. Although this species was not based on IUCN threat status information and showed a lack of data, a study showed that this species is facing population decline and limited distribution. Ex situ and in situ conservation programs are recommended to protect this species against habitat loss and to increase its population.
Autoencoder-based Deep Learning Approach for Intrusion Detection System using Firefly Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Bukka Narendra kumar , Jagadeesh S. , Reddy K Sivanagi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is software that specializes in analysing activities that has taken place on a computer system and aims to uncover indications on whether the computer system has been maliciously misused. IDS are majorly classified into two categories such as anomaly-based and signature based. Signature based systems rely on having an understanding of manually identified patterns for which rules is defined for detecting them. Anomaly-based systems are systems that attempt to automatically identify anomalies from examples of normal data and perhaps abnormal data. Traditionally, several machine learning algorithms are used to find the anomalies in the network data. In last decade, researchers are shifted the attention to deep learning techniques to detect the anomalies in the different types of standard datasets. Unlike classification and regression tasks, there is no straightforward way to program neural networks to detect anomalies. In this work, a deep learning technique of autoencoders is used to detect the anomalies in the CSE-CIC IDS dataset. The autoencoders contains encoder and decoder networks. The encoder network compresses the input samples and decoder network reconstruct input from the compressed input samples. The autoencoder identify the anomalies based on the reconstruction error which is the amount of difference in original input sample and reconstructed sample. When the reconstruction error is higher than the threshold value the connection is treated as anomaly. The performance of autoencoder mainly depends on the features that are used in the encryption process of input samples. In this work, a firefly optimization algorithm is used as a feature selection algorithm to find the most relevant features for the experiment. The proposed autoencoder based deep learning approach attained best accuracy of 99.2% for intrusion detection.