bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Declarative Knowledge, Confidence, and Perceptions on Suicide Prevention After Standardized Patient Observation
Authors: Harvey Brooke K. , Drescher Matthew J. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Eberman Lindsey E. 
Published: March 2024

Context
Standardized patient (SP) encounters are effective strategies to increase learners' declarative knowledge, confidence, and perceptions of clinical scenarios; however, there are barriers to implementing SPs for suicidal ideation (SI) scenarios, and limited data about the value of an alternative educational method, such as observing SP encounters of SI scenarios, which might result in improved learner knowledge, confidence, and perceptions regarding suicide prevention.

Objective
Compare athletic training students' knowledge, confidence, and perceptions regarding suicide prevention after observation of SP encounters in addition to an online suicide prevention module.

Design
Quasi-experimental.

Setting
Asynchronous online suicide prevention module.

Patients or Other Participants
Seventy-six athletic training students enrolled in a Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training–accredited professional athletic training master's program.

Intervention(s)
An online suicide prevention module with videos of SP encounters displaying varying degrees of SI.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Participants completed pretest and posttest assessments for knowledge, confidence, and perceptions regarding suicide prevention. Mean scores for all categories were compared across time and groups using a repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results
An online suicide prevention module is effective for significantly (P &lt; .001) increasing learners' knowledge of and confidence in managing SI scenarios. The experimental group significantly improved their knowledge (P = .025) compared with the control group, who did not observe SP encounter videos. Additionally, both groups significantly (P &lt; .001) aligned their level of agreement with statements regarding suicide prevention to best care for someone experiencing SI. The experimental group significantly (P = .039) increased their agreement that suicide is preventable compared with the control group.

Conclusions
These findings highlight the value of observed SP encounters for suicide prevention knowledge, confidence, and perceptions about suicide prevention. In the absence of a high-fidelity, live SP encounter, observation of an SP encounter may be a cost-effective way to prepare students for SI scenarios in clinical practice.
Formulation and Performance of Polyherbal Antidandruff Hair Gel: A Multifaceted Solution
Authors: Mallamma T , Kumar B Prakash , Suchindar Athishay , Pragathi Y , Meghana C , Hemalatha K J 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Wet-looking hairstyles that last for hours can be achieved using anti-dandruff hair gel. Natural components are included in the unique recipe of the gel to aid in dandruff treatment. Anti-dandruff hair gel is a preparation with antibacterial and antifungal activity that reduces dandruff and improves hair health.

Materials and Methods:
Five different formulations contain effective ingredients, such as Linum usitatissimum, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Lawsonia inermis, Tinospora cordifolia, and Centella asiatica, which exert their effects by showing antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Results:
The prepared hair gel was evaluated using parameters such as color, odor, homogeneity, texture, pH, viscosity, spreadability, washability, extrudability, stability, zone of inhibition, and in vitro skin irritation tests. By considering all the parameters, we conclude that our formulations exhibit better anti-dandruff activity. The overall experiment showed that the F2 formulation had more antibacterial activity and the F3 formulation had antifungal activity.

Conclusion:
The prepared anti-dandruff hair gel effectively combats the problem. Therefore, this hair gel may be preferable to other standard hair-setting or styling gels.
Estimation of Entrance Surface Radiation Dose to Thyroid and Gonads during Computed Tomography Thorax Examination
Authors: Jaseemudheen M. M. , Uppoor Raguraj , D Souza Jeshma Trinita 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The organ’s sensitivity to radiation exposure varies depending on the cells in that organ. The thyroid and gonads have an increased radiation risk since the cells in those organs divide faster. This study aimed to estimate the radiation dose and to compare gender-related variations in entrance dose to the thyroid and gonads during computed tomography (CT) thorax examination.

Materials and Methods:
We used data from 43 patients prescribed thorax CT examinations. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) discs detect the scattered radiation dose to the thyroid and gonads. Four discs were used for each patient, two at the thyroid level and two at the gonad region. The exposed and a control TLD disc with the appropriate identifications are sent to Avanttec Laboratories, India, for readings.

Results:
The median thyroid dose for males and females was 7.55 mSv and 9.42 mSv, respectively. The median gonad dose was 0.11 mSv and 0.25 mSv for males and females, respectively. Gonad dose has a statistically significant difference between males and females (P < 0.001). Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to check the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dose length product (DLP), and it showed a correlation coefficient value of 0.611 in males and 0.715 in females, a strong positive correlation between BMI and DLP, irrespective of gender.

Conclusion:
The scattered entrance radiation dose to the thyroids and gonads was minimal during CT thorax when compared with the literature. However, we recommend providing better care using an optimized protocol with only the required area coverage to protect the thyroid and gonad.
Evaluating Local Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates to Various Antibiotics Using Syndromic Antibiogram: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dhivya K. , Aswini S. , Hanusha V. , Sethumeena S. , Supriya A. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A traditional antibiogram is a summary of the overall susceptibility profile of a bacterial isolate to a variety of antibiotics however it lacks the inclusion of the site of infection and hospital location. Hence, this study focuses on the importance of incorporating a syndromic antibiogram (SA) which provides an increased likelihood of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for a specific infectious syndrome and stratifying the susceptibilities based on patient location in providing effective antibiotic therapy.

Objectives:
The objective is to assess the local susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates to different antibiotics using SA in a tertiary care hospital.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital over 6 months. A total of 400 samples were collected, out of which 350 samples were included based on inclusion criteria. The SA for urinary tract infection (UTI), respiratory tract infection (RTI), and bloodstream infection (BSI) was prepared. The collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS version 24. The Chi-square test was used to find out the association between the isolates, patient location, and the syndromes. Continuous data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical data were presented as frequency and percentage.

Results:
Three hundred and fifty positive culture reports were included in our analysis, and the majority of isolates were Gram-negative bacilli rather than Gram-positive Cocci. Escherichia coli, streptococci, and Salmonella typhi were the most predominant organisms found in UTI, RTI, and BSI. E. coli showed a high level of susceptibility to fosfomycin (99%) and amikacin (99%). Streptococci showed a high susceptibility to linezolid (97%) and penicillin (94%) and S. typhi showed resistance to ciprofloxacin (0%).

Conclusion:
This study clearly depicted the variations in isolated microorganism’s susceptibility rate and their resistance pattern in specific units of the hospital. Incorporation of SA provides better guidance for the clinician in selecting the most appropriate empiric therapy for individual patients.
Integrating Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Techniques to Uncover the Repurposing Mechanism of Budipine for Hypertensive Disease Treatment
Authors: Chaudhary Shubham , Kapoor Garima , Choudhary Vijul Kumar , Bhutani Rubina , Nagarajan K. , Grover Parul , Mishra Shardendu Kumar 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular condition characterized by elevated systemic arterial pressure, presents a significant global health challenge. Despite various therapeutic interventions, comprehending the intricate molecular mechanisms behind hypertension and devising effective treatments remains an ongoing objective.

Aim:
This study employs network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the potential repurposing of budipine, a dopamine facilitator used in parkinsonism treatment, for addressing hypertension.

Materials and Methods:
The in-silico tools like network analysis, molecular docking, pivotal nodes, pathways, and binding affinity, molecular interaction linked to hypertensive disease proteins, unveiling potential therapeutic targets and modes of action. In this study, five potential targets (OPRK1, ‘OPRD1, ‘OPRM1, ‘HSD11B2, and PIK3R1) and PDB (6b73) were involved in the management of hypertensive disease.

Results:
Molecular docking was utilized to affirm the efficacy of budipine; binding affinity and interactions between budipine and the OPRK1 target (PDB ID: 6b73) were noteworthy, registering a robust binding energy of −7.8 Kcal/mol. In comparison, the standard ligands, enalapril and diltiazem, exhibited binding energies of −7.7 Kcal/mol and −6.3 Kcal/mol, respectively. These findings underscore the potent binding capabilities of budipine with the OPRK1 target, suggesting its potential efficacy in addressing hypertensive diseases through modulation of the OPRK1 pathway.

Conclusion:
To sum up, this study highlights the usefulness of network pharmacology and molecular docking for investigating how drugs, like budipine, work to treat high blood pressure. The comprehensive method used in this study provides a better grasp of hypertension and lays the groundwork for developing a precise and efficient treatment.
Histopathology of Papulosquamous Skin Lesions: A Prospective Cohort Study of 305 Cases
Authors: Chandanwale Shirish Sahebrao , Raj Akshi , Singh Madhuri , Bharadwaj Saloni , Kambale Tushar , Ingale Yamini , Ambekar Mayur 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Papulosquamous lesions are a heterogeneous group of disorders and they form the largest group of skin diseases. They are characterized clinically by scaly papules and plaques and are usually erythematous. These lesions show considerable overlap in clinical and histopathological features.

Materials and Methods:
The present prospective cohort study was carried out at an urban teaching medical hospital. Histopathological features of 305 skin biopsies of clinically diagnosed as papulosquamous lesions were studied in detail for 3 years from February 2020 to February 2023. Histological features were correlated with clinical features and a final diagnosis was made. Standard statistical tests were applied to analyze data. Microsoft Excel was used to express tables and data were expressed in percentile and numerical.

Results:
Statistical analysis was done. The most common clinical lesions were papules (49.50%) followed by plaques (43.27%) and both papules and plaque (34.42%). Maximum cases were of lichen planus (n = 120) followed by psoriasis (n = 98). The least common lesion was lichen nitidus (n = 2). Out of 305 cases, 52.13% were female (n = 159) and 47.86% were male (n = 146). Out of 146 male patients, 35.61% of lesions were psoriasis (n = 52) followed by 33.56% lichen planus (n = 49). Out of 159 female patients, 44.65% were lichen planus (n = 71) as compared to 28.93% psoriasis (n = 46).

Conclusion:
Papulosquamous lesions show considerable overlap in clinical and histopathological features. Specific histopathological diagnosis is important to distinguish these lesions because in these disorders, prognosis, and treatment vary significantly. There is a need for lucid clinical information and description of these lesions to correlate with histological features which enables definitive histopathology diagnosis.
Gutta-percha dissolving ability of Citrus limetta, essential oils and a customized emulsion: An in vitro study
Authors: Susila Anand V. , Loshini Rajendran , Sai Shamini , Veronica Aruna Kumari 
Published: March 2024

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the GP dissolving property of ethanolic extract of sweet lime peel (Citrus limetta), peppermint oil, cedarwood oil, and an emulsion (equal volumes of ethanolic extract of sweet lime peel, peppermint, and cedarwood oils) compared to xylene and chloroform (CHCl3).

Methods:
Equal weight of GP were divided into 7 groups and immersed for 5 min and 10 min in the test and control groups. Distilled water was used as a negative control. Absolute weight loss (WL) was calculated.

Results:
Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s pairwise comparison with a significance value of P ≤ 0.05. The median WL of GP in the solvents shows a significant difference at 5 min (P = 0.001) and 10 min (P = 0.000). After 5 min, the order of WL was highest in sweet lime peel extract, CHCl3, and emulsion followed by xylene and peppermint oil. After 10 min, the highest WL was seen in emulsion, CHCl3 followed by sweet lime peel and peppermint oil. Cedarwood oil had no GP solvent effect at both time intervals.

Conclusion:
Sweet lime peel extract, emulsion, and peppermint oil showed a significant GP dissolving effect at 5 and 10 min and were comparable to CHCl3. Cedarwood oil showed no GP dissolving effect.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dentists regarding mucormycosis as a possible orofacial manifestation of COVID-19 in postpandemic times: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tiwari Shilpi , Chourasia Hemant Ramesh , Bhatia Amrita Pandita , Chandran Ajay , Tafzal Kurshid , Sekhar Madukkuri Raja , Jandrajupalli Suresh Babu , Chandolu Swarnalatha , Nayyar Abhishek Singh 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:Mucormycosis, also known as black fungus, is a rare but serious fungal infection usually seen in immunocompromised hosts. There are cluster of cases being reported and diagnosed as mucormycosis in treated COVID-19 patients in the postpandemic times. The aim of the present study was to assess awareness among dentists regarding mucormycosis and other possible oral manifestations of COVID-19 in the postpandemic times and the associated complications.Materials and Methods:In the present cross-sectional study, a well-structured questionnaire composed of a total of 17 closed-ended questions was used to cover questions to assess awareness among dentists regarding the possible oral manifestations of post-COVID-19. Furthermore, statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA), while the Chi-square test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data statistically.Results:The Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores regarding COVID-19 and the academic qualification of the participants revealed that despite having sufficient information (knowledge and attitude scores), no significant difference (P= 0.7288) was observed in the practices of the participants irrespective of their academic qualification. On analyzing the data further, though, a significant positive correlation was observed between all the components of the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores of the participants (P= 0.0001) using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Conclusion:From the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that dentists were well aware of the possible oral manifestations of COVID-19, including mucormycosis, though the possibility of increasing awareness among dentists regarding the multidisciplinary approach required for the management of deep fungal infections such as mucormycosis cannot completely be ruled out.The following core competencies are addressed in this article:Practice-based learning and improvement, Patient care and procedural skills, Systems-based practice, Medical knowledge.
Strangulated femoral Littre hernia in a 72-year-old female: A case report
Authors: Mait Melanie B , Hasan Samira M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Littre’s hernia is an uncommon hernia, in which a Meckel’s diverticula protrudes through a potential opening in the abdominal wall. Littre’s hernia is seen in less than 1% of patients with a Meckel’s diverticulum, and the most common sites of the hernia include inguinal, umbilical, and femoral. In this report, we present a case of a femoral Littre hernia in a 72-year-old female repaired with femoral herniorrhaphy and laparoscopic-assisted small bowel resection.
Management of strangulated inguinal hernias in a district hospital: About 73 cases
Authors: Maman Boukari Haboubacar , Bachir Abdoulaye Maman , Ousseini Adakal , Mohamed Rouga Mohamed , Mahaman Maikassoua , Adamou Harissou , Didier Lassey James , Rachid Sani 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Hernial strangulation is a surgical emergency characterized by tight, permanent constriction of the contents of the hernial sac. It is also called an irresistible hernia with impairment of perfusion. This work aims to evaluate the results of the management of strangulated hernias in a district hospital.

METHOD:
This was a cross-sectional study with prospective descriptive and analytical collection carried out in the General Surgery Department of Tessaoua District Hospital (Maradi, Niger), covering patients operated on for strangulated inguinal hernias managed from January 2020 to February 2022.

RESULTS:
We collected 73 cases of strangulated hernias representing 2.76% of admitted surgical emergencies and 1.92% of surgical procedures. The mean age was 49.30 years with extremes ranging from 20 to 80 years and a standard deviation of ±17.21. The sex ratio was 8.13. The admission time was less than 6 h in 45.21% of cases, between 6 and 9 h in 38.36% and more than 9 h in 15.07%. On exploration, the contents were of normal appearance in 61.64%; 17 cases whose contents were already necrotic, that is 23.29%, and 11 cases of sphacelic appearance, that is 15.07%. Anastomotic resection was performed in 21.92% of cases, followed by Desarda in 26.03% and Mac Vay in 12.33%. The average hospital stay was 7 days.

CONCLUSION:
Strangulated hernia is a frequent pathology in developing countries. Patients with a simple hernia must go for consultation, hence the importance of raising awareness for early management.
Evaluating patient outcomes and quality of life following laparoscopic extended totally extraperitoneal repair for ventral hernia: A prospective study
Authors: Manoj Krishna Cuddapah , Vamsi Krishna Pothula Rajendra , Dwarakanath Reddy Vembuluru , Patel Dhaval , Natesh Bonny 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Various laparoscopic techniques have been developed for the repair of ventral and incisional hernias. There is a never-ending debate regarding the best procedure for hernia repair. Moreover, very few studies have studied the Quality of Life (QOL) in these patients. This study is aimed at analyzing the various perioperative outcomes following the laparoscopic extended totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach for ventral hernias and QOL.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Surgical Gastroenterology at a tertiary care hospital in India. The study analyzed patient demographics, hernia characteristics, perioperative outcomes, postoperative complications, and QOL measured by the Carolinas Comfort Scale.

RESULTS:
The study enrolled 34 patients and analyzed hernia characteristics and perioperative outcomes. QOL scores, measured by the Carolinas Comfort Scale, were assessed at 1-month and 6-month intervals post-surgery. At 1 month, scores for mesh sensation, pain, movement limitation, and the total score were 8.85, 4.26, 0.06, and 13.18, respectively. At 6 months, these scores improved significantly to 0.76, 0.18, 0, and 0.94.

CONCLUSION:
eTEP is associated with less postoperative pain, short hospitalization periods, and low recurrence rates. Furthermore, it offers cost-effectiveness by employing a standard prolene mesh without requiring fixation. eTEP improves the QOL in patients undergoing repair for ventral hernias.
Tracheostomy timing and outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Sasane Sachin Pralhad , Telang Madhavi Mahesh , Alrais Zeyad Faroor , Shaikh Wasim Shabbir , Alrais Ghaya Zeyad , Khatib Khalid Ismail 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonitis may progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring endotracheal intubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). There are limited data on the optimum time of tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients progressing to ARDS.

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study of all patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who progressed to ARDS requiring MV and undergone tracheostomy. We aimed to conduct a study to observe the impact of tracheostomy on the mortality of these patients and the impact of timing of tracheostomy on outcomes in these patients.

Results:
Of the total 162 patients, 128 (79%) were male and 34 (21%) were female. Early group (≤14 days) comprised 37 patients, while 125 patients were included in late group (>14 days). A total of 91 (56%) patients died at the end of this period. Among the patients who died, 21were included in the early group, while the late group comprised the remaining 70 patients. On comparing the patients who died, the duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) was significantly different in the two groups (median [Q1–Q3]: 12 [11–13] vs. 23 [19–28] days, P < 0.001). The number of days to death also differed significantly between the two groups (median [Q1–Q3]: 28 [21–38] vs. 24 [14–30] days, P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
Early tracheostomy is associated with significantly shorter length of ICU stay in COVID-19 patients that have progressed to ARDS. However, the timing of tracheostomy had no influence on the overall mortality rate in these patients.
Acute presentation of Wunderlich syndrome in a pregnant woman treated with supra-selective cannulation of renal segmental arteries and nephrectomy: A case report
Authors: Sanabria-Rodríguez Oscar Orlando , Grillo-Ardila Carlos Fernando , Mojica-Méndez Daniela , Bottia-Córdoba Santiago 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Wunderlich syndrome is characterized by the presence of abdominal pain, hematuria, and hypovolemic shock. We report a rare case of a 25-year-old pregnant woman, who came to the emergency department due to the sudden onset of low back pain and diaphoresis. The patient, during medical evaluation, experienced an altered state of consciousness. Diagnosed with hypovolemic shock, she was admitted to the operating room, where examination of the abdominal cavity revealed a left retroperitoneal hematoma. Damage control surgery was performed, but given the postoperative clinical deterioration, computerized tomography angiography of the abdomen was performed, showing a mass-like lesion arising from the upper pole of the left kidney, consistent with Wunderlich syndrome. Left nephrectomy was the definitive treatment for the 10-cm renal angiomyolipoma. Since Wunderlich syndrome is a potentially lethal entity, CT is usually the preferred diagnostic approach, and supra-selective vascular embolization is the first-line treatment.