bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial cell differentiation of human breast tumour stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Bussolati Benedetta , Grange Cristina , Sapino Anna , Camussi Giovanni 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBreast tumour stem cells have been reported to differentiate in the epithelial lineage but a cross‐lineage potential has not been investigated. We aimed to evaluate whether breast tumour stem cells were able to differentiate also into the endothelial lineage. We isolated and cloned a population of breast tumour stem cells, cultured as mammospheres that expressed the stem markers nestin and Oct‐4 and not epithelial and endothelial differentiation markers, and formed serially transplantable tumours in SCID mice. When cultured in the presence of serum, mammosphere‐derived clones differentiated in the epithelial lineage. When cultured in the presence of VEGF, the same clones were also able to differentiate in the endothelial lineage acquiring endothelial markers and properties, such as the ability to organize in Matrigel into capillary‐like structures. In the transplanted tumours, originated from mammospheres, we demonstrate that some of the intratumour vessels were of human origin, suggesting an in vivo endothelial differentiation of mammosphere‐derived cells. Finally, endothelial cell clones originated from mammospheres were able, when implanted in Matrigel in SCID mice, to form after 7 days a human vessel network and, after 3–4 weeks, an epithelial tumour suggesting that in the endothelial‐differentiated cells a tumourigenic stem cell population is maintained. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that stem cells of breast cancer have the ability to differentiate not only in epithelial but also in endothelial lineage, further supporting the hypothesis that the tumour‐initiating population possesses stem cell characteristics relevant for tumour growth and vascularization.
Vitamin D receptor polymorphism (−1056 Taq‐I) interacts with smoking for the presence and progression of periodontitis
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Parkar Mohamed , D'Aiuto Francesco , Suvan Jean E. , Brett Peter M. , Griffiths Gareth S. , Rosin Michael , Schwahn Christian , Tonetti Maurizio S. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship between a vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and the diagnosis and progression of periodontitis.Material and Methods: Data were derived from two different studies, including 231 subjects with healthy periodontium, 224 aggressive periodontitis and 79 chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in a case–control investigation. Sixty‐one of these CP patients also took part in an observational study with a 1‐year follow‐up, in which progression of periodontitis was determined at the subject level. All 534 subjects provided a blood sample from which genomic DNA was extracted to study VDR −1056 TaqI polymorphism.Results: The interaction between smoking and VDR polymorphism was associated with the diagnosis of periodontitis in Caucasians [p=0.001, odds ratio (OR)=1.33, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=1.12–1.57] and all subjects (p=0.033, OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.04–2.48). In the longitudinal study, subjects were divided into two clusters at 1 year according to the median number of progressing sites (Δcumulative attachment loss >2 mm). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the interaction between VDR Taq‐I polymorphism and smoking showed limited evidence of association with the “severe progression” cluster (p=0.033, OR=15.24, 95% CI=1.24–187.42).Conclusions: Vitamin D receptor Taq‐I TT polymorphism was moderately associated with both the presence and the progression of periodontitis in smokers, while no association was detected in non‐smoking individuals. VDR genetic factors may interact with smoking in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
The long‐term outcome of antenatal hydronephrosis up to 15 millimetres justifies a noninvasive postnatal follow‐up
Authors: De Kort EHM , Bambang Oetomo S , Zegers SHJ 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAim: To assess the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and surgery in infants with different grades of antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) and to evaluate incidence, severity and course of underlying vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).Methods: Retrospective data of 125 infants with ANH were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to the anterior–posterior pelvis diameter: group I, 5–14 mm and group II, ≥15 mm.Results: UTIs developed in 4 of 106 infants from group I and 5 of 19 infants from group II. Surgical interventions were performed on 1 of 106 patients of group I and 7 of 19 patients of group II. These differences were statistically significant (p‐values 0.004 and <0.001, respectively). In group I, 6 of 106 patients had VUR; none of them required surgical intervention and only two developed a UTI (one of whom also had contralateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction). Five of 19 infants in group II had underlying VUR, four of them with associated anomalies, 1 infant required surgical correction and 4 developed UTIs.Conclusion: Infants with ANH up to 15 mm have a low incidence of UTIs and surgery and a low incidence and benign course of underlying VUR. Therefore, noninvasive postnatal follow‐up is justified and standard voiding cystourethrography should not be performed, but only in cases of ureteric dilatation.
Penile Implantation in Europe: Successes and Complications with 253 Implants in Italy and Germany
Authors: Natali Alessandro , Olianas Roberto , Fisch Margit 
Published: April 2008

Abstract

Introduction
Results for prosthesis implantation from everyday clinical practice within Europe are few. This report provides data on the most commonly used penile prostheses (the American Medical Systems [AMS] series).

Aim
The study aimed to assess, retrospectively, complications and patient satisfaction with AMS penile implants in 253 consecutive patients with erectile dysfunction from three European centers.

Methods
Pre, intra- and postoperative data were obtained from chart review, with a mean follow-up of 60 months; 200 patients were available for evaluation. Patient satisfaction data were collected using the Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS) questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measure
Complications and patient satisfaction were assessed. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a standardized assessment tool (the modified EDITS questionnaire).

Results
Major postoperative complications occurred in 40 (20%) patients, including 9 (22.5%) prosthesis infections, 18 (45%) mechanical failures, and 13 (32.5%) erosions. Patient satisfaction with the AMS 700CX, AMS Ambicor, and AMS 600-650 was 97%, 81%, and 75%, respectively; dissatisfaction was 0%, 5%, and 6%, respectively. Partner satisfaction with the AMS 700CX, AMS Ambicor, and AMS 600-650 was 91%, 91%, and 75%, respectively; dissatisfaction was 0%, 5%, and 6%, respectively. Erections were more natural (harder) than before with the AMS 700CX, AMS Ambicor, and AMS 600-650 in 91%, 85%, and 88%, respectively; hardness was the same as before in 9%, 15%, and 13%, respectively; no erections were less hard than before.

Conclusions
Postoperative complications differed from those reported in the literature, while patient satisfaction rates were roughly similar. The reporting of specific data for different implant types, plus the use of standardized assessment tools for patient satisfaction is significant as in the future, it will allow comparison of data between centers performing penile prosthesis implants using these devices.
The Effects of Citalopram and Fluoxetine on Sexual Behavior in Healthy Men: Evidence of Delayed Ejaculation and Unaffected Sexual Desire. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Parallel Group Study
Authors: Madeo Bruno , Bettica Paolo , Milleri Stefano , Balestrieri Antonio , Granata Antonio R.M. , Carani Cesare , Rochira Vincenzo 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are known to induce delayed orgasm and delayed ejaculation, while their effect on other aspects of sexual function, such as sexual motivation, arousal, and erectile function are unclear.

Aim
In order to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of two SSRIs, citalopram and fluoxetine, on normal sexual function, we studied the parameters of male sexual behavior, erectile function, and ejaculation on 48 healthy male volunteers, aged 29.5 ± 4.9, in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy study.

Methods
The subjects were randomized to receive placebo (16 subjects), or fluoxetine (20 mg/day) (16 subjects) or citalopram (20 mg/day) for the first week, and 40 mg/day in the following 3 weeks (16 subjects).

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual function was investigated at the screening and at the end of the study by means of test of penile erection (TPE) and masturbation ejaculation latency time (MELT) performed during visual erotic stimulation, and at each visit by self-filled questionnaires (International Index Erectile Function [IIEF-15] and Golombock Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction [GRISS]).

Results
All the erectile parameters, evaluated by means of RigiScan Plus during TPE, were not significantly different when both fluoxetine and citalopram were compared with placebo. A delay in the ejaculation time was observed both during citalopram and during fluoxetine treatment when compared with placebo, reaching a statistical significance only with citalopram. During the treatment with citalopram and fluoxetine, the IIEF-15 score of all items decreased except for those items related to sexual desire; however, the scores were significantly lower only for the citalopram treatment.

Conclusion
The treatment with citalopram or with fluoxetine was confirmed to delay ejaculation, but was significant only for citalopram. Citalopram and fluoxetine did not affect sexual desire. Citalopram and fluoxetine did not directly affect penile erection as objectively assessed by RigiScan, although an impairment in the subjective assessment of erectile function was observed, but was significant only for citalopram, and it was thought to be a possible consequence of the delayed ejaculation perceived as a trouble.
KARYOTYPE POLYMORPHISM IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC POPULATIONS OF GREEN PEACH APHID MYZUS PERSICAE (SULZER) IN CHINA*
Authors: Xiao‐wen YANG , Xiao‐xi ZHANG 
Published: April 2008

Abstract  This paper deals with the karyotype of green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), with three different life cycles in different regions of China. The results showed that four types of karyotype were found in the natural populations of red form and brown form aphids. Four types of karyotype are as follows: 2n = 12 with autosomes 1, 3 translocated (T1–3); 3n = 18 normal triploid; 3n = 18 with T1–3 translocation; and 2n = 11.However, in the yellowish‐green aphids there were only two types of karyotype, normal karyotype 2n= 12 (NK) and 2n = 12 with T1–3 translocation. There was no significant difference in the relative lengths of chromosomes in 2n = 12 karyotype among different color forms and groups from different regions.
INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO CYHALOTHRIN IN THE HOUSEFLY (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE)
Authors: Fu‐Xing ZHU , Jian‐zhong YUAN , Pei‐jun ZHUANG , Zhen‐hua TANG 
Published: April 2008

Abstract The genetic inheritance of resistance to cyhalothrin in housefly, Musca domstica (L) was investigated.Reciprocal crosses between susceptible (S) and resistant (R) strains were used to determine the characteristics of resistance. Analysis of probit line from the F1 generation and F2 generation obtained by inbreeding the F1 hybrids indicated that cyhalothrin resistance was controlled by more than one factors and degree of resistance dominance to cyhalothrin was ‐0.10, indicating cyhalothrin resistance is conferred by incompletely recessive gene(s). The realized heritability of resistance to cyhalothrin cyhalothrin calculated from data collected routinely from laboratory selection was 0.12.
EFFECTS OF FIVE NEW COMPOUNDS ON THE LARVAL GROWTH AND DIGESTIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE ASIATIC CORN BORER, OSTRINIA FURNACALIS LARVAE
Authors: He Jia , Yan Zeng–guang , Jiang Zhi‐sheng 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFive new compounds were tested on the growth and antifeeding activity compared with toosendanin against fifth instar larvae Ostrinia furnacalis. The activities of two proteases, a weak alkaline trypsine‐like enzyme and a chymotrypsin‐like enzyme, in the midgut of Ostrinia furnacalis larvae were also measured. Experimental results suggest that when incorporated into an artificial diet at the concentration of 500mg/kg, the antifeeding activities of toosendanin, C19, C23, C24, C26, C28 were 51.16%, 57.61%, 4.28%, 51.08%, 36.73% and 51.67%, respectively, C19, C24, C28 had no significant difference with toosendanin. At 20mg/kg, the larval growth were remarkably suppressed by C19, C26, C28, the inhibition of C28 was close to toosendanin in 48 h. The two proteases were activated by toosendanin and C28 while they were inhibited in 48 h but activated in 24 h by C19, C24 and C26. In this paper, the related functions and mechanisms were discussed.
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL INSECT PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE GENE FROM THE CHINESE HONEYBEE, APIS CERANA*
Authors: Li Jiang‐hong , Wang Dun , An Shi‐heng , Liu Yan‐he , Zhang Chuan‐xi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA clone inserted with 1 104 bp fragment containing a 765bp Open Reading Frame(ORF), encoding a putative 2,3‐bisphosphoglycerate(2,3BPG) dependent Phosphoglycerate mutase(dPGAM) that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from the C3 carbon atom to the C2 carbon atom of phosphoglycerate, was screened by mass sequencing from the cDNA library of the venom glands of Apis cerana. The deduced amino acid sequence shared high similarities (39% ‐ 88%)with the dPGAM of 7 other organisms, but the similarities with the iPGAM of 4 other organisms were low (10% ‐ 12%). Moreover, the alignment of Ac‐PGAM with the dPGAMs from 7 other organisms showed that all the active site amino acid residues were conserved. This result shows that Ac‐PGAM is a typical dPGAM. Thus, this is the second PGAM gene reported in Insecta. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that the evolutionary tree of PGAMs reflects the systematic relationship of species.
Use of historic water level records for re‐assessing flood frequency: case study of the Spey catchment
Authors: Black Andrew R. , Fadipe David 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFlood levels are available for four river flow gauging station sites in the Spey catchment, northern Scotland, for the major floods of 1768 and 1829. Field survey and Manning's equation were used to estimate peak discharge for each of the historic flood levels, to assist with the assessment of flood frequency. Standard UK methods encourage the use of historical information, but uptake presently appears to be limited. Compared with pooling and single site analyses, graphical re‐assessments of frequency incorporating estimated historical flows represented increases in the 100‐year flood of between 15 and 116%, illustrating that historical information may lead to major shifts in estimated frequency. These results are preferred over pooling results particularly because of the mismatch in the seasonality of major floods on the lower Spey compared with other sites available for pooling. Practitioners are urged to make use of historical flood information, subject to quality assessment, wherever possible.
Abnormalities and Defects in Pedigree Dogs–IV. Progressive Retinal Atrophy
Authors: BARNETT K. C. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract— Retinal atrophy, retinitis pigmentosa or night blindness occurs as an hereditary condition in the dog. The typical history from the owner and the clinical and ophthalmoscopic examination of the animal is described. The breed incidence and possible mode of inheritance, together with odier causes of retinal degeneration, is discussed.Résume— L'atrophie de la retinue, la rétinite pigmentaire ou la nyctalopie constituent un etat d'étiologie familiale chez le chien. Les symptomes typiques qui ammènent à consulter, ainsi que L'examen clinique et opthalmologique sont décrits. L'incidence selon la race, le mode possible de transmission héréditaire, ainsi que d'autres formes étiologiques de dégénérescence de la rétinue son discutés.Zusammenfassung— Atrophie der Netzhaut, Retinitis pigmentosa oder Nachtblindheit, kommt beim Hund als vererbbarer Zustand vor. Die typische Geschichte des Besitzers und die klinische und ophtalmoskopische Untersuchung des Tieres wird beschrieben. Die Häufigkeit des Vorkommens bei verschiedenen Rassen und die mögliche Vererbungsweise, sowie andere Ursachen der Netzhauten‐tartung werden hier erörtert.
A progressive axonopathy of Boxer dogs affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems
Authors: GRIFFITHS IAN R. , DUNCAN I. D. , BARKER J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFive Boxer dogs with a new neurological disease are described. There is a progressive ataxia and weakness, initially in the hind‐legs but later involving forelegs. The onset of signs is usually around 6 months of age although an older dog was affected. Proprioceptive function, muscle tone and tendon reflexes are diminished or absent while pedal reflexes and pain sensation are preserved. Muscle atrophy is minimal. The peripheral nerves are depleted in myelinated fibres. Nerve roots and, to a lesser extent, peripheral nerves show demyelination/remyelination changes and in the cervical ventral roots in particular, regenerative clusters are present. Forelimb muscles show evidence of re‐innervation. In the CNS numerous swollen axons are present. The dorsolateral and ventral columns of the spinal cord are affected throughout their length. In the brain a number of nuclei and tracts, particularly in the lower brain stem, are affected and the superior olives are severely involved. The cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter appear normal. Various portions of the auditory and optic pathways are affected pathologically as are a number of cranial nerves. The axonal swellings contain a number of organelles including smooth endoplasmic reticulum, disordered neurofilaments, vesicles and mitochondria. The disease may be specific to Boxer dogs and may be inherited.
Intestinal mast cell tumour in a dog
Authors: PATNAIK A. K. , TWEDT D. C. , MARRETTA S. M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA 9‐year old male German Shepherd Dog had a primary mast cell tumour in the ileocaecal valve. The dog had diarrhoea and weight loss and there was physical and radiographic evidence of an abdominal mass. A pedunculated mass was seen attached to the ileocaecal valve, and the adjoining lymph nodes were enlarged. The neoplastic cells were characterized by mature mast cells with typical granules replacing the intestinal wall and mesentery, which had metastasized to the lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver and lungs.
Canine pruritus: an approach to diagnosis. Stage I. Preliminary investigation*
Authors: THODAY K. L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThis series of three papers describes a straightforward, systematic approach to the investigation of canine pruritus. Those dermatoses which regularly present with this symptom are discussed, with emphasis being placed on clinical signs, diagnosis and differential diagnosis.In this first paper, the author discusses the preliminary investigation of the itching dog.
Weight and measurement data on tortoises (Testudo graeca and Testudo hermanni) and their relationship to health
Authors: JACKSON O. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTNormal bodyweight and carapace lengths for two species of tortoise are presented and a comparison made with changes in bodyweight in sick tortoises. Using these parameters veterinary surgeons will have guidelines for assessing the degree of debility in a tortoise of any age or size. A number of examples are given.
Canine parvovirus: a cause of chronic myocardial fibrosis and adolescent congestive heart failure
Authors: ATWELL R. B. , KELLY W. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMembers of three litters of pups infected with canine parvovirus are compared in relation to the time of clinical presentation, clinical, biochemical, electrocardiographical, radiographical and histological findings. Affected pups under 2 months of age showed no clinical signs of myocarditis whereas adolescent pups (over 5 months of age) showed congestive heart failure. Possible reasons for this age difference are discussed.
A 37XO chromosome complement in a kitten
Authors: LONG SUSAN E. , BEREPUBO N. AMAITAR 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn two kittens from the same litter with spina bifida and meningocoele the phenotypic male was found to have a normal 38XY chromosome complement whilst the phenotypic female had a 37XO chromosome complement. It was concluded that the spina bifida condition was due to the manx ancestry and not to the 37XO karyotype. The possible effect of the XO complement in cats is discussed.
Haemobartonella canis(Kiküth, 1928) in the blood of dogs with parvovirus disease
Authors: GRETILLAT SIMON 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn the Tours area of the Val‐de Loire, haemograms carried out in 40 dogs with canine parvovirus disease showed that in 30 cases the viral infection was complicated by canine haemobartonellosis. To the picture, typical of the former infection, were added very severe anaemia, fever, locomotor difficulties, arthralgia, adenopathy, respiratory difficulties (dyspnoea, polypnoea and anoxia) and circulatory disorders (tachycardia and capillary fragility). The blood picture was markedly abnormal, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and anisochromia, being found together with alterations in the blood counts (neutrophils 85 to 90% high; leucocytes, 400 to 500 mm3; erythrocytes, 0·6 to 1·5 × 106mm3).Symptomatic treatment and serotherapy (equine hyperimmune serum against feline panleucopenia) were given for the parvovirus infection. Of the antimicrobial agents, only chloramphenicol, a spiramycin metronidazole association and sulphamethoxypyridazine gave good results.A high dose of intramuscular chlorpromazine (2 to 4 mg/kg b.w.) repeated 48 h later, followed by an 8‐day course of oral treatment at a moderate dosage (1 mg/kg b.w. daily) produced complete clinical cure and disappearance ofHaemobartonella canisfrom the peripheral blood.It is considered that these results support the view that an intercurrent infection may upset the balance existing between the host and parasite in carriers ofH. canisand produce a virulent infection (see Fig. 1).
Hair growth in the greyhound
Authors: BUTLER W. F. , WRIGHT A. I. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMonthly regrowth of clipped hair was measured in greyhounds over a two‐year period; plasma progesterone and testosterone were measured at the time of clipping.Entire males and females showed virtually no growth in late winter and late summer while maximal growth occurred in mid‐summer. Oestrus, and its associated hormones, appeared to suppress hair growth in entire females while spayed females showed good growth throughout most of the year.Low environmental temperature was considered to depress growth in late winter.
Weight loss in cats which eat well
Authors: WATSON A. D. J. , CHURCH D. B. , MIDDLETON D. J. , ROTHWELL T. L. W. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFour cats were investigated because they lost weight while eating well. One cat was found to have hypoinsulinaemic diabetes mellitus, and another had maldigestion caused by exocrine pancreatic atrophy. An enteropathy with presumed intestinal malabsorption was diagnosed in the third case. The fourth cat had hyperthyroidism and disseminated amyloidosis. The diabetic animal has been maintained satisfactorily on daily insulin injections for 2 ½ years, but treatment in the other three cases was either unsuccessful or not attempted.Weight loss is uncommon in cats which are eating well. In investigating this syndrome, it is suggested that initially urine should be tested for glucose and faeces examined for maldigestion or malabsorption. More specific tests for diabetes mellitus, pancreatic maldigestion, intestinal malabsorption or hyperthyroidism might then be indicated.