bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doped holographic superconductors in the Gubser–Rocha model
Authors: Zhao Ziyi , Cai Wenhe , Ishigaki Shuta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We construct a doped holographic superconductor in the Gubser–Rocha model, and realize a superconducting dome in the middle of the temperature-doping phase diagram. It is worth noting that unlike in previous research, the profile of our dome shrinks inward near to zero temperature. From the numerical observation for the coupling dependence of the phase diagram, we find that the coupling between the two gauge fields plays a crucial role in the formation of the dome. We also analytically calculate the DC conductivity of the normal phase of the system in the momentum dissipation and obtain resistivity which is proportional to the temperature. The AC conductivity is calculated numerically.
Holographic dark energy in non-conserved gravity theory
Authors: Fazlollahi H R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recently, reconsidering the Rastall idea

T

μ
;
ν

ν

=

a

,
μ

through relativistic thermodynamics gives a new form for the scalar field

a

which led us to construct modern modified theory of gravity debugged ‘non-conserved gravity theory’ Fazlollahi 2023 Euro. Phys. J. C 83 923. This theory unlike other modified theories of gravity cannot directly explain the current acceleration expansion in the absence of the cosmological constant and or existence of other forms of dark energy. Hence, in this study we have reinvestigated holographic dark energy

ρ

X

∼

H

2

in the non-conserved theory of gravity. In this context, the density and pressure of dark energy depend on the non-conserved term and density of the dust matter field. As shown, due to non-conservation effects on large-scale structures, unlike the original holographic model, our model onsets an acceleration epoch for the current Universe satisfies observations. Moreover, the interaction and viscous scenarios are studied for this model.
Bringing Krishna Back to India
Authors: Robison Claire C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Hare Krishnas have long been associated with American hippie culture and New Age religious movements. But they have developed deeply rooted communities in India and throughout the world over the past 50 years. Known officially as the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON), this once-marginal religious community now wields vast economic assets, political influence, and a posh identity endorsed by Indian business tycoons and Bollywood celebrities. This book examines this globalized religious community in Mumbai, India’s business and entertainment capital, where ISKCON draws Indians from diverse backgrounds to adopt a socially conservative Krishna bhakti identity amidst a neoliberal megacity and the city’s famed cosmopolitanism. Examining the full-circle globalization of a religious movement, this study considers how religious revivalism shifts people’s relationships to religion, family, culture, and nation through constructing new forms of community. Through ISKCON, devotees partake in a form of Hindu belonging that foregrounds discourses of choice, belief, and rationality over family and inherited traditions, embodying a Hindu traditionalism that is profoundly modern. This study also provides a vivid example of how transnational organizations shape local religion. As ISKCON fashions devout religious identities amidst urban spaces, such as college campuses, corporate wellness retreats, and Bollywood celebrity events, it promotes a religious Hindu modernity that reflects elite urban Indian aspirations and aesthetics.
Introduction: The Novelty of Traditionalism
Authors: Robison Claire C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The study of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) has historically centered on its early North American communities. However, the most sustained growth of this transnational religious community over the past few decades has been in India. This book offers an account of one vibrant ISKCON community in the megacity of Mumbai, at the Radha Gopinath temple in Chowpatty. The introduction situates ISKCON’s formation in urban India in relation to Hindu transnational networks, religious globalization, and the city of Mumbai itself. This lays the groundwork for analyzing ISKCON as a form of Hindu religious modernity. Devotees draw on discourses of revivalism to promote a model for revising religion that shifts their relationships to families, inherited religious traditions, and their own local cultures. Building on Thomas Tweed’s theory of religion, this focus on revision emphasizes devotees’ experiences of crossing into new identities and fashioning novel forms of community and home within the city.
Global and Local Networks in a Neighborhood Temple
Authors: Robison Claire C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the ISKCON community centered at the South Bombay neighborhood of Girgaon Chowpatty, where the study’s primary ethnographic research was conducted. It lays out the history and formation of the Chowpatty community, its authority structure centering on the American-born Radhanath Swami, and the urban context of the temple. This chapter also analyzes the ways Chowpatty’s Indian devotees have localized ISKCON’s transnational systems through the development of their Counselling System, a structure for community organization and devotee care. The transnational history of their religious organization and its contemporary global networks distinguish Mumbai’s devotees from their Indian neighbors. However, they also exemplify trends in urban Hindu communities toward a disinvestment in traditional kinship networks and realignment along transregional networks and interurban migration patterns, which signal broad changes in the production and reception of religious knowledge in urban India.
Bhakti and Its Boundaries
Authors: Robison Claire C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes how ISKCON membership in urban India relates to political orientations and ideas about the Indian nation. It identifies a pan-Indic Vaiṣṇava bhakti imaginary in community pilgrimages, public festivals, and dramatic performances, which maps a devotional religious heritage onto the modern nation. Centering on Krishna worship, this national imaginary also depicts who is performatively excluded, highlighting apprehension toward non-Vaisnava Hindu traditions, historic Muslim figures, and Western modernity. ISKCON festivals and plays engage with contemporary political events and call for greater religiosity in the Indian government and public life. These depictions, and correlated processes of mapping and boundary making, render ISKCON’s bhakti imaginary implicitly political, in conversation with contemporary discussions about Hindu identity in the Indian nation-state, and yet political activity is suspect for those who see their goals in society as purely devotional. This analysis situates ISKCON’s religious messages in relation to a broader context of desires among India’s devout Hindu middle classes to inscribe the nation in a dharmic idiom.
Gut permeability, circulating bacterial fragments and measures of congestion in peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Li Chuanlei , Ng Jack Kit-Chung , Chan Gordon Chun-Kau , Fung Winston Wing-Shing , Lai Ka-Bik , Poon Peter Yam-Kau , Luk Cathy Choi-Wan , Chow Kai-Ming , Szeto Cheuk-Chun 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Limited data exist on the association between gut permeability, circulating bacterial fragment and volume overload in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We measured circulating bacterial fragments, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), calprotectin and zonulin levels, and evaluate their association with the clinical outcomes in PD patients.

Methods
This was a single-center prospective study on 108 consecutive incident PD patients. Plasma endotoxin and bacterial DNA, and serum NT-proBNP, calprotectin and zonulin levels were measured. Primary outcomes were technique and patient survival, secondary outcomes were hospitalization data.

Results
There was no significant correlation between plasma endotoxin and bacterial DNA, and serum NT-proBNP, calprotectin and zonulin levels. The Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA)-2β index, which represents insulin resistance, positively correlated with plasma bacterial DNA (r = 0.421, P &lt; .001) and calprotectin levels (r = 0.362, P = .003), while serum NT-proBNP level correlated with the severity of volume overload and residual renal function. Serum NT-proBNP level was associated with technique survival even after adjusting for confounding factors [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.030, 95% confidence interval 1.009–1.051]. NT-proBNP level was also associated with patient survival by univariate analysis, but the association became insignificant after adjusting for confounding factors (aHR 1.010, P = .073). Similarly, NT-proBNP correlated with the number of hospitalizations and duration of hospitalization by univariate analysis, but the association became insignificant after adjusting for confounding factors.

Conclusion
There was no correlation between markers of gut permeability, circulating bacterial fragments and measures of congestion in PD patients. Bacterial fragments levels and gut permeability are both associated with insulin resistance. Serum NT-proBNP level is associated with the severity of volume overload and technique survival. Further studies are required to delineate the mechanism of high circulating bacterial fragment levels in PD patients.
Early COVID-19 School Policies’ Impact on Families and Youth Engagement in Virtual Learning and Telemental Health
Authors: Domlyn Ariel M , Collier Tristan , Chehoski Brooke E , Haines Christopher , Patterson Brittany , Stevens Robert , Niles Madison L , Weist Mark D 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic quickly and significantly impacted students, schools, and communities. As part of a larger multisite study, the present investigation aimed to understand the effect of the pandemic-related switch to virtual schooling and virtual mental health services on youth. Specifically, this study aimed to explore the impacts of the pandemic on school administrators and staff, students, and families invested in supporting youth mental health. Focus groups were held in two disparate communities within the United States. Participants were members of two school mental health coalitions acting as key informants and included mental health program directors, school clinicians, parents of students, and community leaders. Data were analyzed using iterative rapid qualitative analysis. Salient themes include the role of family characteristics, communication, and infrastructure on use of virtual learning and virtual mental health services. Study findings indicate that fostering trust and increasing communication between school districts and families may ameliorate challenging policy transitions in future crises.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy and its use in non-achalasia disorders
Authors: Rengarajan Arvind , Aadam A Aziz 
Published: March 2024

Summary
The aim of this review is to provide an overview of per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) and its utilization in non-achalasia disorders of the esophagus. POEM, a relatively novel endoscopic technique, involves submucosal tunneling to access esophageal muscle layers, enabling selective myotomy and mitigating the consequences of motor disorders of the esophagus. POEM is an effective treatment modality for diffuse esophageal spasm providing resolution of chest pain and dysphagia in a majority of patients who have refractory symptoms despite medical therapy. The results of POEM are more equivocal compared to esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO). POEM in EGJOO has been shown to have a 93% clinical success rate in 6 months. POEM appears to be more effective in motor disorders that affect the lower esophageal sphincter, such as EGJOO and opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction. While the current data for POEM in other entities such as DES and HE are positive, more supportive data are required to make POEM a consistent recommendation for patients.
Effects of Multicomponent Home-Based Intervention on Muscle Composition, Fitness, and Bone Density After Hip Fracture
Authors: Ryan Alice S , Beamer Brock A , Gruber-Baldini Ann L , Craik Rebecca L , Golden Justine , Guralnik Jack , Hochberg Marc C , Mangione Kathleen K , Orwig Denise , Rathbun Alan M , Magaziner Jay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Mechanistic factors on the pathway to improving independent ambulatory ability among hip fracture patients by a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention that emphasized aerobic, strength, balance, and functional training are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 2 different home-based physical therapy programs on muscle area and attenuation (reflects muscle density) of the lower extremities, bone mineral density (BMD), and aerobic capacity.

Methods
Randomized controlled trial of home-based 16 weeks of strength, endurance, balance, and function exercises (PUSH, n = 19) compared to seated active range-of-motion exercises and transcutaneous electrical neurostimulation (PULSE, n = 18) in community-dwelling adults &gt;60 years of age within 26 weeks of hip fracture.

Results
In PUSH and PULSE groups combined, the fractured leg had lower muscle area and muscle attenuation and higher subcutaneous fat than the nonfractured leg (p &lt; .001) at baseline. At 16 weeks, mean muscle area of the fractured leg was higher in the PUSH than PULSE group (p = .04). Changes in muscle area were not significantly different when compared to the comparative PULSE group. There was a clinically relevant difference in change in femoral neck BMD between groups (p = .05) that showed an increase after PULSE and decrease after PUSH. There were generally no between-group differences in mean VO2peak tests at 16-week follow-up, except the PUSH group reached a higher max incline (p = .04).

Conclusions
The treatment effects of a multicomponent home-based physical therapy intervention on muscle composition, BMD, and aerobic capacity were not significantly different than an active control intervention in older adults recovering from hip fracture.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01783704
Multi-omic dataset of patient-derived tumor organoids of neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Alcala Nicolas , Voegele Catherine , Mangiante Lise , Sexton-Oates Alexandra , Clevers Hans , Fernandez-Cuesta Lynnette , Dayton Talya L , Foll Matthieu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Organoids are 3-dimensional experimental models that summarize the anatomical and functional structure of an organ. Although a promising experimental model for precision medicine, patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) have currently been developed only for a fraction of tumor types.

Results
We have generated the first multi-omic dataset (whole-genome sequencing [WGS] and RNA-sequencing [RNA-seq]) of PDTOs from the rare and understudied pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (n = 12; 6 grade 1, 6 grade 2) and provide data from other rare neuroendocrine neoplasms: small intestine (ileal) neuroendocrine tumors (n = 6; 2 grade 1 and 4 grade 2) and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (n = 5; 1 pancreatic and 4 pulmonary). This dataset includes a matched sample from the parental sample (primary tumor or metastasis) for a majority of samples (21/23) and longitudinal sampling of the PDTOs (1 to 2 time points), for a total of n = 47 RNA-seq and n = 33 WGS. We here provide quality control for each technique and the raw and processed data as well as all scripts for genomic analyses to ensure an optimal reuse of the data. In addition, we report gene expression data and somatic small variant calls and describe how they were generated, in particular how we used WGS somatic calls to train a random forest classifier to detect variants in tumor-only RNA-seq. We also report all histopathological images used for medical diagnosis: hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides, brightfield images, and immunohistochemistry images of protein markers of clinical relevance.

Conclusions
This dataset will be critical to future studies relying on this PDTO biobank, such as drug screens for novel therapies and experiments investigating the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in these understudied diseases.
Phylogenomic position of eupelagonemids, abundant, and diverse deep-ocean heterotrophs
Authors: Lax Gordon , Okamoto Noriko , Keeling Patrick J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Eupelagonemids, formerly known as Deep Sea Pelagic Diplonemids I (DSPD I), are among the most abundant and diverse heterotrophic protists in the deep ocean, but little else is known about their ecology, evolution, or biology in general. Originally recognized solely as a large clade of environmental ribosomal subunit RNA gene sequences (SSU rRNA), branching with a smaller sister group DSPD II, they were postulated to be diplonemids, a poorly studied branch of Euglenozoa. Although new diplonemids have been cultivated and studied in depth in recent years, the lack of cultured eupelagonemids has limited data to a handful of light micrographs, partial SSU rRNA gene sequences, a small number of genes from single amplified genomes, and only a single formal described species, Eupelagonema oceanica. To determine exactly where this clade goes in the tree of eukaryotes and begin to address the overall absence of biological information about this apparently ecologically important group, we conducted single-cell transcriptomics from two eupelagonemid cells. A SSU rRNA gene phylogeny shows that these two cells represent distinct subclades within eupelagonemids, each different from E. oceanica. Phylogenomic analysis based on a 125-gene matrix contrasts with the findings based on ecological survey data and shows eupelagonemids branch sister to the diplonemid subgroup Hemistasiidae.
Nitrogen addition increased resistance of resident plant community to Solidago canadensis invasion by altering allelopathic effect
Authors: Cai Jing-Fang , Sun Kai , Li Lin , A Si-Ha , Shen Yi-Luan , Li Hong-Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Allelopathy plays an important role in the interaction between invasive and resident plants. Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has become a global problem, but it is unclear whether N enrichment affects the interaction between invasive and resident plants by affecting their allelopathy. Thus, we performed a greenhouse experiment in which the resident plant community was grown under two levels of invasion by S. canadensis (invasion vs. no invasion) and fully crossed with two levels of allelopathy (with or without adding activated carbon) and two levels of N addition (with or without). The resident plant communities were constructed with eight herbaceous species that often co-occur with S. canadensis. The results showed that both allelopathy of S. canadensis and the resident plants had obvious positive effects on their own growth. Nitrogen addition had more obvious positive effects on the resident plants under invasion than those that were not invaded. Moreover, N addition also altered the allelopathy of resident plants. Specifically, N addition improved the allelopathy of resident plants when they were invaded but decreased the allelopathy of resident plants when they grew alone. Although nitrogen addition had no obvious effect on S. canadensis, it reduced the allelopathy of S. canadensis. These results suggest that N addition could improve the resistance of resident plants to invasion by improving the allelopathy of resident plants and reducing the allelopathy of S. canadensis. These findings provide a scientific basis to manage and control the S. canadensis invasion.
Tracing TMEM106B fibril deposition in aging and Parkinson’s disease with dementia brains
Authors: Zhao Wanbing , Fan Yun , Zhao Qinyue , Fan Zhen , Zhao Jue , Yu Wenbo , Li Wensheng , Li Dan , Liu Cong , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B), previously identified as a risk factor in frontotemporal lobar degeneration, has recently been detected to form fibrillar aggregates in the brains of patients with various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and normal elders. While the specifics of when and where TMEM106B fibrils accumulate in human brains, as well as their connection to aging and disease progression, remain poorly understood. Here, we identified an antibody (NBP1-91311) that directly binds to TMEM106B fibrils extracted from the brain in vitro and to Thioflavin S-positive TMEM106B fibrillar aggregates in brain sections. We discovered that TMEM106B fibrils deposit in the human brain in an age-dependent manner. Notably, the TMEM106B fibril load in the brains of Parkinson’s disease with dementia patients was significantly higher than in age-matched elders. Additionally, we found that TMEM106B fibrils predominantly accumulate in astrocytes and neurons and do not co-localize with the pathological deposition formed by other amyloid proteins such as α-synuclein, Aβ, and Tau. Our work provides a comprehensive analysis of the burden and cellular distribution of TMEM106B fibrils in human brains, underscoring the impact of both aging and disease conditions on TMEM106B fibril deposition. This highlights the potential significance of TMEM106B fibrils in various age-related NDs.
Migrant integration in Turkey: Travels of a concept across borders and domains of knowledge production
Authors: Yükseker Deniz , Çeler Zafer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn Turkey, the concept of migrant integration has risen to prominence in both academic and policy fields following the arrival of Syrian refugees. In this article, we first trace the resurgence of migrant integration studies in Western Europe in the past two decades following the decline of the discourse on multiculturalism. We argue that the policy concept of migrant integration has travelled to Turkey as part of the European Union’s (EU) externalization of migration management; however, the term has been reshaped in Turkey through a process of vernacularization as displayed in official documents, programs, and projects funded by the EU and other supranational actors, and policy studies. Although the vernacularized form of integration, named ‘harmonization’, has gained specific connotations in the Turkish context, this article demonstrates that it still carries assimilationist features, since it cannot go beyond the limits of the nation-state as the fundamental unit of analysis, and cannot escape from the binary opposition of native citizens and migrants. The article elucidates how knowledge production by governmental institutions, supranational and international organizations, researchers, and the civil society helps legitimate a certain understanding of integration of migrants into the host society that assumes each group to be homogeneous in terms of socio-economic characteristics and culture, and which emphasizes Islam as a common denominator between the two.
A phenomenological model for dark matter phase-space distribution
Authors: Li Zhen , Hansen Steen H 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Understanding the nature of dark matter is among the top priorities of modern physics. However, due to its inertness, detecting and studying it directly in terrestrial experiments is extremely challenging. Numerical N-body simulations currently represent the best approach for studying the particle properties and phase-space distribution, assuming the collisionless nature of dark matter. These simulations also address the lack of a satisfactory theory for predicting the universal properties of dark matter haloes, including the density profile and velocity distribution. In this work, we propose a new phenomenological model for the dark matter phase-space distribution. This model aims to provide an Navarro–Frenk–White-like density profile, velocity magnitude distribution, and velocity component distributions that align closely with simulation data. Our model is relevant both for theoretical modelling of dark matter distributions, and for underground detector experiments that rely on the dark matter velocity distribution for experimental analysis.