bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of specified critical periods of different congenital abnormalities instead of the first trimester concept
Authors: Czeizel Andrew E. , Puhó Erzsébet H. , Ács Nándor , Bánhidy Ferenc 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Previously the first trimester, later the 2nd and/or 3rd gestational months were evaluated at the analysis of different exposures in different congenital abnormalities. However, different congenital abnormalities have different critical periods. The objective of this study was to check the feasibility of a new approach to consider the specified critical periods of different congenital abnormalities separately. METHODS: The potential teratogenic effect of oral ampicillin treatment and maternal influenza/fever during the study pregnancy regarding any time in pregnancy, during the first trimester, in the 2nd and/or 3rd gestational months, and finally in the specified critical periods of given congenital abnormalities were evaluated in the population‐based large data set of the Hungarian Case‐Control Surveillance System of Congenital Abnormalities. RESULTS: Of 22,843 cases, 1644 (7.2%) and 1328 (5.8%) were born to mothers who had oral ampicillin treatment or were affected with influenza/fever during the study pregnancy, while of 38,151 control newborns without any defect, 2631 (6.9 %) and 1838 (4.8%) had mothers with ampicillin treatment or influenza/fever, respectively. The analysis of different exposure time windows showed some difference in the risk for congenital abnormalities. The use of specified critical periods of different congenital abnormalities was feasible. CONCLUSIONS: The use of specified critical periods of different congenital abnormalities seems to be more scientific‐based than the previously accepted methods for the evaluation of different exposure time windows. Thus this new and feasible approach is recommended for the controlled epidemiological studies in the future after an international consensus in the specified critical periods of different congenital abnormalities and other methodological issues. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VACTERL association and maternal diabetes: A possible causal relationship?
Authors: Castori Marco , Rinaldi Rosanna , Capocaccia Paolo , Roggini Mario , Grammatico Paola 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Some factors(s)/features(s) of maternal insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus are considered common human teratogens. Although the variable association of cardiac, renal, and skeletal anomalies are commonly observed in infants from diabetic mothers, the relationship between VACTERL (i.e., the association of vertebral and cardiac defects, tracheo‐esophageal fistula, renal/radial malformations, and other limb anomalies) and maternal diabetes has not been sufficiently emphasized in the literature. CASE: We report on a 3‐year‐old boy presenting with a constellation of blastogenetic malformations strongly suggestive of VACTERL association. His mother was affected by insulin‐dependent diabetes since she was 7 years old and pregnancy history disclosed very high glucose and HbA1c levels, especially during the first 2 gestational months. CONCLUSIONS: In an attempt to properly counsel the parents, we reviewed the literature and identified four additional patients with VACTERL and first trimester exposure to maternal diabetes mellitus. Although this evidence does not strongly support a causal relationship between these two conditions, additional arguments may substantiate this hypothesis. The pathogenesis of diabetic embryopathy in relation to the VACTERL phenotype is also discussed. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The course of illness following inpatient treatment of adults with longstanding eating disorders: A 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Vrabel KariAnne R. , Rosenvinge Jan H. , Hoffart Asle , Martinsen Egil W. , Rø Øyvind 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:The objectives of this article were to study the course and outcome of longstanding eating disorders (ED) 5 years after completing treatment and to identify subgroups of patients with different course and outcome.Method:A total of 77 patients with a mean age of 30 years were assessed at the beginning and end of in‐patient therapy and at 1‐, 2‐ and 5‐year follow‐up, respectively.Results:Of the 90% who participated in the 5‐year follow‐up, 46 patients (61%) had improved, and 30 (39%) did not meet diagnostic criteria for an ED. Cluster analysis identified a group of patient with no improvement over time.Conclusion:Overall, the course is favourable, but a subgroup of patients with no improvement over time may need intensified treatment efforts. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
Screening for osteoporosis in anorexia nervosa: Prevalence and predictors of reduced bone mineral density
Authors: Winston Anthony P. , Alwazeer Ahmed E.F. , Bankart Michael J.G. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in anorexia nervosa (AN) can be detected easily by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). This study was designed to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in AN, identify predictors, and determine the diagnostic yield of screening with DXA.Method:DXA was used to screen 59 unselected adult patients with a history of AN.Results:Osteoporosis was identified in 18 patients (31%) and osteopenia in 30 (51%). The spine had a lower mean T‐score than either the hip or femur. BMI significantly predicted T‐score (p = 0.0006) and the odds of having osteoporosis (p = 0.0188). There was a significant association between use of oestrogens and the presence of osteoporosis or osteopenia (p = 0.0491). There was no significant association between duration of AN and T‐score. A duration of AN of less than 1 year was found in 12% of those with osteoporosis.Conclusion:BMI is a strong predictor of BMD in AN. DXA is an effective screening tool and should probably be offered routinely. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord, 2008
Design of precompensator for a diagonal interactor using Markov parameters
Authors: Mutoh Yasuhiko 
Published: January 2008

AbstractAn interactor plays a basic role in the design problems of multivariable control systems, such as the model matching control, decoupling control, adaptive control, and disturbance decoupling control. For example, it is well known that a linear multivariable system is decouplable by the static state feedback if and only if it has a diagonal interactor. But, in general, the interactor is a lower left triangular matrix, which makes the design problems of multivariable control systems complicated. From this point of view, the precompensator such that the total system has a diagonal interactor is important for multivariable control systems to simplify their design procedure. This paper concerns the systematic design method of the precompensator for a diagonal interactor using Markov parameters of the plant. It will also be proved that this compensator is always obtained by the proposed design algorithm. Furthermore, this argument will be a basic idea when this technique is applied to the nonlinear multivariable systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(1): 65–72, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20599
Analysis of high‐frequency oscillations in voltage transformers
Authors: Shibuya Yoshikazu , Wada Kotaro , Muto Hirotaka 
Published: January 2008

AbstractHigh‐frequency oscillations in voltage transformers are analyzed by the FFT method, using an equivalent lumped circuit. Such an analysis has been regarded as difficult because the transformers used in high‐voltage distribution systems have a large number of turns. The constants of the equivalent circuit are evaluated on a turn‐to‐turn basis. The frequency domain analysis is followed by time domain analysis using the FFT technique. Both characteristics are verified by an experiment on a 6.6‐kV voltage transformer. The nature of the high‐frequency oscillation is shown for a simpler model. It is found that the interlayer voltage becomes highest at the entrance to the incoming surge. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 163(1): 8–15, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20643
Disposable Injection‐Moulded Cell‐on‐a‐Chip Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Conducting Polymer Electrodes for On‐Line Voltammetric and Electrochemiluminescence Detection
Authors: Naseri N. Gharib , Baldock S. J. , Economou A. , Goddard N. J. , Fielden P. R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis work reports the construction and characterization of plastic electrochemical micro‐flow‐cells with integrated injection‐moulded polymer electrodes. The three electrodes (working, auxiliary, and reference) were fabricated by injection‐moulding from a conducting grade of polystyrene loaded with carbon fibers. On‐chip reference electrodes were prepared by coating one of the conducting polymer electrodes with a Ag/AgCl layer (implemented either by e‐beam evaporation of Ag followed by electrochemical formation of AgCl or by applying a Ag/AgCl paste). Working electrodes were either polymer electrodes coated with Au by e‐beam evaporation or bare conducting polymer electrodes. The electrodes were integrated into the micro‐flow‐cells by an over‐moulding process followed by ultrasonic welding. The devices were characterized by optical and electrochemical techniques. Studies by cyclic voltammetry (CV), anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) demonstrate ‘proof–of‐principle’ of the micro‐flow‐cells as electrochemical sensors.
Working Electrodes from Amalgam Paste for Electrochemical Measurements
Authors: Yosypchuk Bogdan , Šestáková Ivana 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPaste electrode with paste amalgam as an active electrode material is described here for the first time. Designed electrode from silver paste amalgam (AgA‐PE) is solely metallic and does not contain any organic binder. Mechanical surface regeneration of AgA‐PE is performed in the same way as for classical carbon paste electrodes and reproducibility of such regeneration is about 10%. Electrochemical surface regeneration appeared very efficient for most measurements. In dependence on paste metal content, the electrode surface can be liquid (resembling a film) or rather solid. The hydrogen overvoltage on AgA‐PE is high, and the electrode allows measurements at highly negative potentials. AgA‐PE is well suited for study of reduction or oxidation processes without an accumulation step. Anodic stripping voltammetry of some metals tested on the electrode is influenced by formation of intermetallic compounds. The measurement based on cathodic stripping voltammetry (adenine, cysteine) and on catalytic processes from adsorbed state (complex of osmium tetroxide with 2,2′‐bipyridine) can be performed on AgA‐PE practically under the same conditions as found earlier for HMDE and for silver solid amalgam electrode. The working electrode from paste amalgam combines the advantages of paste and metal electrodes.
Electron Transfer Behavior through Densely Packed Self‐Assembled Monolayers of a Novel Heteroaromatic Thiol Derivative onto the Gold Surface
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Kazemi Sayed Habib , Mehdinia Ali , Mousavi Mir Fazlollah , Sharghi Hashem 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis article is describing the electrical characteristics of the self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed during spontaneous chemical adsorption of a recently synthesized heteroaromatic thiol 2‐(2‐mercaptophenylnitrilomethylidyne)‐phenol (L). Some surfactants were used to regulate the electron transfer through the resulting SAMs, as investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results revealed that the surface structure is approximately complete and fractional coverage is very close to unity. The use of surfactants clearly improved the electron transfer properties. Furthermore, complementary experiments were carried out to investigate the electron transfer from modified surface to cytochrome C (cyt‐C), as a biological iron containing protein, which exists in living cells with important life roles. It was found that cyt‐C is able to interact with the modified surface so that it can be used as a scaffold to study the electrochemical characteristics of sensitive biological compounds like proteins. The voltammetric behavior of the redox protein on the resulting SAMs was found to be highly reproducible, emphasizing the fact that the protein denaturation is greatly suppressed.
Path‐dependent currency options with mean reversion
Authors: Wong Hoi Ying , Lau Ka Yung 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis paper develops a path‐dependent currency option pricing framework in which the exchange rate follows a mean‐reverting lognormal process. Analytical solutions are derived for barrier options with a constant barrier, lookback options, and turbo warrants. As the analytical solutions are obtained using a Laplace transform, this study numerically shows that the solution implemented with a numerical Laplace inversion is efficient and accurate. The pricing behavior of path‐dependent options with mean reversion is contrasted with the Black‐Scholes model. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28:275–293, 2008
Does deliverability enhance the value of U.S. Treasury bonds?
Authors: Kuipers David R. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis study presents the first examination of the value associated with long‐term U.S. Treasury bonds related to their delivery eligibility in the Treasury bond futures market. The opportunity for study has recently become possible given the reduced maturity of Treasury's noncallable bonds in the market. Consistent with rational behavior, deliverable bonds are found to be more valuable than otherwise comparable, ineligible bonds, and the estimated premia are larger than those previously documented for deliverable bills. However, although detectable and statistically significant, the deliverability component of a cash bond's value is somewhat modest in economic terms; some policy implications of this result are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28:264–274, 2008
Wandering behavior in veterans with psychiatric diagnoses residing in nursing homes
Authors: Molinari Victor , King‐Kallimanis Bellinda , Volicer Ladislav , Brown Lisa , Schonfeld Lawrence 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate nursing home residents with psychiatric diagnoses who wander and who are not diagnosed with dementia.MethodA national cross‐sectional study was conducted in a male Veterans Administration Nursing Home Care Unit population using a retrospective review of the MDS.ResultsEleven thousand six hundred and nineteen residents were identified as having a psychiatric diagnosis without significant cognitive impairment; just under 1% (n = 113) wandered. Using rare events logit regression, we determined that a diagnosis of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder or comorbid psychiatric conditions were associated with increased risk of wandering compared to residents diagnosed with anxiety/depression. Psychiatric wanderers were also more likely to, have symptoms of delirium, exhibit socially inappropriate behavior, manifest problems in decision‐making, take anti‐psychotic medications, and to be more independent in locomotion.ConclusionsPsychiatric wanderers may be conceptualized better as exhibiting ambulatory concomitants of unremitted neurological/psychiatric symptoms or medication side effects of their treatment. Findings have implications for addressing treatable causes of wandering. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of a sedative antihistamine, D‐chlorpheniramine, on regional cerebral perfusion and performance during simulated car driving
Authors: Tashiro Manabu , Sakurada Yumiko , Mochizuki Hideki , Horikawa Etsuo , Maruyama Masahiro , Okamura Nobuyuki , Watanuki Shoichi , Arai Hiroyuki , Itoh Masatoshi , Yanai Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjectivesThe sedative side effects of antihistamines have been recognized to be potentially dangerous in car driving, but the mechanism underlying these effects has not yet been elucidated to date. The aim of the present study is to examine regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) responses during a simulated car‐driving task following oral administration of D‐chlorpheniramine using positron emission tomography (PET) and [15O]H2O, based on a single‐blind cross‐over study‐design.MethodsRight‐handed, healthy male volunteers (n = 14) drove a car in a simulated environment following oral administration of D‐chlorpheniramine repetab 6 mg or placebo. Their rCBF was measured using PET with [15O]H2O in the following three conditions: (1) resting, (2) active driving, and (3) passive driving. All ‘in‐car’ views during the simulated driving were videotaped and used for rating driving performance.ResultsPerformance evaluation revealed that the number of lane deviations significantly increased in the D‐chlorpheniramine condition compared with the placebo condition (p < 0.01). Subjective sleepiness was not significantly different between the two drug conditions. The regions of diminished brain responses following D‐chlorpheniramine treatment were detected in the parietal, temporal and visual cortices, and in the cerebellum. The regions of augmented rCBF responses were found in the orbitofrontal cortex and cerebellar vermis.ConclusionThese results suggest that D‐chlorpheniramine tends to suppress visuo‐spatial cognition and visuo‐motor coordinating functions rather than attention and motor functions during car driving. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multiple‐ascending‐dose study on the effects of ABIO‐08/01, a novel anxiolytic drug, on perception and cognition, utilizing event‐related potential mapping and low‐resolution brain electromagnetic tomography
Authors: Anderer Peter , Saletu Bernd , Wolzt Michael , Culic Svetlana , Assandri Alessandro , Nannipieri Fabrizio , Rosini Sergio , Saletu‐Zyhlarz Gerda M. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractEarly pharmacological studies in animals demonstrated that ABIO‐08/01, a new isoxazoline, exerted anxiolytic and anticonvulsant, but also cognition‐enhancing properties. Thus, the aim of the present double‐blind, placebo‐controlled multiple‐ascending‐dose study was to investigate the effect of the new compound on event‐related potentials (ERPs). In a randomized ascending‐dose design for phase‐1 studies, 16 young healthy male subjects aged 30.2 ± 5.7 years received three ascending drug doses (10, 20, and 40 mg) and placebo for 7 days, with a washout period of 8 days in between. Auditory ERPs were recorded pre‐dose and 2 h post‐dose on days 1 (acute effect) and 5 (subacute and absolute superimposed effect). Descriptive statistics with one confirmatory statement on P300 latency demonstrated a significant shortening after acute, subacute, and superimposed administration of 40 mg ABIO‐08/01. While ERP amplitudes showed only minor effects, low‐resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) demonstrated that ABIO‐08/01 promotes more efficient information processing by reallocating perceptual and cognitive ERP resources. Thus, our ERP studies confirm early pharmacological findings in animals of a cognition‐enhancing effect of ABIO‐08/01, which is interesting in the context of the anxiolytic mode of action of the compound as its CNS effects are quite different from those of anxiolytic sedatives, such as benzodiazepines. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coffee, tea, caffeine and risk of breast cancer: A 22‐year follow‐up
Authors: Ganmaa Davaasambuu , Willett Walter C. , Li Tricia Y. , Feskanich Diane , van Dam Rob M. , Lopez‐Garcia Esther , Hunter David J. , Holmes Michelle D. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe relation between consumption of coffee, tea and caffeine and risk of breast cancer remains unsettled. We examined data from a large, long‐term cohort study to evaluate whether high intake of coffee and caffeine is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. This was a prospective cohort study with 85,987 female participants in the Nurses' Health Study. Consumption of coffee, tea and caffeine consumption was assessed in 1980, 1984, 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998 and the follow‐up continued through 2002. We documented 5,272 cases of invasive breast cancer during 1,715,230 person‐years. The multivariate relative risks (RRs) of breast cancer across categories of caffeinated coffee consumption were: 1.0 for <1cup/month (reference category), 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.92–1.12) for 1 month to 4.9 week, 0.92 (0.84–1.01) for 5 week to 1.9 days, 0.93 (0.85–1.02) for 2–3.9 days, 0.92 (0.82–1.03) for ≥4 cups per day (p for trend = 0.14). Intakes of tea and decaffeinated coffee were also not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer. RRs (95% CI) for increasing quintiles of caffeine intake were 1.00, 0.98 (0.90–1.07), 0.92 (0.84–1.00), 0.94 (0.87–1.03) and 0.93 (0.85–1.01) (p for trend = 0.06). A significant inverse association of caffeine intake with breast cancers was observed among postmenopausal women; for the highest quintile of intake compared to the lowest RR 0.88 (95% CI = 0.79–0.97, p for trend = 0.03). We observed no substantial association between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee and tea consumption and risk of breast cancer in the overall cohort. However, our results suggested a weak inverse association between caffeine‐containing beverages and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tumorigenicity and genotoxicity of an environmental pollutant 2,7‐dinitrofluorene after systemic administration at a low dose level to female rats
Authors: Malejka‐Giganti Danuta , Parkin Daniel R. , Decker Richard W. , Niehans Gloria A. , Bliss Robin L. , Churchwell Mona I. , Beland Frederick A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractEnvironmental pollution with nitroaromatic compounds may pose health hazards. We have examined the tumorigenicity in female Sprague‐Dawley rats of 2,7‐dinitrofluorene (2,7‐diNF) and 9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) and oral routes at 10 μmol/kg body weight, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. After i.p. treatment, the estimated median latency for the combined malignant and benign mammary tumors was decreased in 2,7‐diNF‐ (p = 0.003) or 9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF‐treated (p = 0.007), relative to vehicle‐treated rats (42 or 64 vs. 80 weeks, respectively), whereas after oral dosing, there were no significant differences. At 90 weeks, the malignant mammary tumor incidence in 2,7‐diNF‐, 9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF‐ and vehicle‐i.p. treated rats was 44 (p = 0.02 vs. vehicle‐treated), 25 and 6%, respectively. Liver and mammary gland DNA was analyzed by HPLC combined with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for the presence of a deoxyguanosine (dG‐2,7‐diNF) adduct and a deoxyadenosine (dA‐2,7‐diNF) adduct derived from 2,7‐diNF, and a deoxyguanosine (dG‐9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF) adduct derived from 9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF. Both dG‐2,7‐diNF and dA‐2,7‐diNF were detected in DNA of 2,7‐diNF‐treated rats, whereas only very low levels of dG‐9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF were detected in DNA of 9‐oxo‐2,7‐diNF‐treated rats. After i.p. treatment, the dA‐2,7‐diNF level was higher (p < 0.01) in the mammary gland than liver (13.6 vs. 7.8 adducts/108 nucleotides). In the mammary gland, the dG‐2,7‐diNF level was higher (p < 0.05) after i.p. than oral dosing and also higher (p < 0.05) than in the liver (36 vs. 8.6 and vs. 9.1 adducts/108 nucleotides, respectively). The preferential display of carcinogenicity and genotoxicity in the mammary gland by low doses of 2,7‐diNF signifies its potential relevance for environmental breast cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.