bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-101-3p-mediated role of PDZK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma progression and the underlying PI3K/Akt signaling mechanism
Authors: Gao Huihui , Gao Zhaofeng , Liu Xiaobei , Sun Xu , Hu Zhonghui , Song Zhengwei , Zhang Cheng , Fei Jianguo , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The molecular targets and associated mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been widely studied, but the roles of PDZK1 in HCC are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the role and associated mechanisms of PDZK1 in HCC.

Results
It was found that the expression of PDZK1 in HCC tissues was higher than that in paired paracancerous tissues. High expression of PDZK1 was associated with lymph node metastasis, degree of differentiation, and clinical stage. Upregulation of PDZK1 in HCC cells affected their proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and also induced PI3K/AKT activation. PDZK1 is a downstream target gene of miR-101-3p. Accordingly, increase in the expression of miR-101-3p reversed the promotive effect of PDZK1 in HCC. Moreover, PDZK1 was found to accelerate cell proliferation and promote the malignant progression of HCC via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Conclusion
Our study indicated that the miR-101-3p/PDZK1 axis plays a role in HCC progression and could be beneficial as a novel biomarker and new therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
GSDMD induces hepatocyte pyroptosis to trigger alcoholic hepatitis through modulating mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Xie Yandi , Wang Zilong , Song Guangjun , Ma Hui , Feng Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Mechanisms and consequences of Gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) are unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether GSDMD induces hepatocyte pyroptosis by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in AH.

Results
Liver damage in AH mice was assessed by HE staining, serum levels of AST, ALT, TC, and TG. The levels of IL-1β, IL-18, LDH, inflammasome-associated proteins and hepatocyte death were assessed to determine pyroptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction was assessed through various parameters including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP contents, levels of mitochondrial function-related proteins and morphological changes of mitochondria. AH induced gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation, leading to increased protein expression of N-terminal GSDMD (GSDMD-N), NLRP3, and Caspase 11 in liver tissues. Downregulation of GSDMD alleviated alcohol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. Alcohol also causes mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes in AH, which was improved by inhibiting GSDMD. Furthermore, enhancing mitochondrial function suppressed alcohol-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis. Further, knockdown of GSDMD or dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) improved AH-induced liver injury, accompanied by a decrease in hepatocyte pyroptosis.

Conclusion
GSDMD induces hepatocyte pyroptosis by modulating mitochondrial dysfunction during AH-induced inflammation and liver injury. These findings may pave the way to develop new therapeutic treatments for AH.
Evaluation of veteran community care outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective pilot cohort
Authors: Cotton Jake L , Netsanet Adom , Suarez-Pierre Alejandro , Abbitt Danielle , Jones Teresa S , Rove Jessica Y , Jones Edward L 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor Veterans who cannot be seen in a timely fashion or must travel long distances to be seen, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) offers funded care in the community. The use of this program has rapidly increased; however, there have been no systematic evaluations of surgery specific metrics such as perioperative complications, mortality and timeliness of care. To evaluate this in cardiac surgery patients, we compared veterans undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in the community to those remaining within the VHA. We identified 78 patients during calendar year 2018 meeting inclusion criteria. 41 underwent surgery in the community versus 37 in the VHA. There were no significant differences in baseline demographics including age, sex, race, ethnicity, comorbidities and surgical risk scores. With regard to perioperative outcomes, veterans who underwent surgery within the VHA had lower infection rates (17% vs. 0%, p = 0.008) and 30-day emergency department utilization (22% vs. 5%, p = 0.04). A longer median postoperative inpatient stay was also seen within the VHA (8 days vs. 6 days, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that the VHA may better serve Veterans and prevent adverse events after CABG, at the expense of prolonged hospitalization. More study is needed to validate the findings of this pilot study.
Current prospects of hereditary adrenal tumors: towards better clinical management
Authors: Ohmoto Akihiro , Hayashi Naomi , Takahashi Shunji , Ueki Arisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) are two rare types of adrenal gland malignancies. Regarding hereditary tumors, some patients with ACC are associated with with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), and those with PPGL with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2. Recent studies have expanded this spectrum to include other types of hereditary tumors, such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis. Individuals harboring germline TP53 pathogenic variants that cause LFS have heterogeneous phenotypes depending on the respective variant type. As an example, R337H variant found in Brazilian is known as low penetrant. While 50–80% of pediatric ACC patients harbored a LFS, such a strong causal relationship is not observed in adult patients, which suggests different pathophysiologies between the two populations. As for PPGL, because multiple driver genes, such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-related genes, RET, NF1, and VHL have been identified, universal multi-gene germline panel testing is warranted as a comprehensive and cost-effective approach. PPGL pathogenesis is divided into three molecular pathways (pseudohypoxia, Wnt signaling, and kinase signaling), and this classification is expected to result in personalized medicine based on genomic profiles. It remains unknown whether clinical characteristics differ between cases derived from genetic predisposition syndromes and sporadic cases, or whether the surveillance strategy should be changed depending on the genetic background or whether it should be uniform. Close cooperation among medical genomics experts, endocrinologists, oncologists, and early investigators is indispensable for improving the clinical management for multifaceted ACC and PPGL.
Heterogeneity of clinical symptomatology in pediatric patients at clinical high risk for psychosis
Authors: Rintell L. Sophia , Carroll Devon , Wales Meghan , Gonzalez-Heydrich Joseph , D’Angelo Eugene 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
Widespread use of diagnostic tools like the Structured Interview for Prodromal Symptoms (SIPS) has highlighted that youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) present with heterogeneous symptomatology. This pilot study aims to highlight the range of clinical characteristics of CHR-P youth, investigate the role of the non-positive (negative, disorganization, and general) symptoms in risk assessment, and determine if specific profiles are associated with severe symptomatology.

Methods
38 participants aged 7–18 were administered the SIPS and designated as CHR-P. Descriptive statistics and mean difference t-tests were used to describe the range in prevalence and severity of SIPS symptoms and to identify symptoms associated with greater overall symptomatology.

Results
Participants who had a greater number of positive symptoms also had significantly more negative, disorganization, and general symptoms. A number of SIPS symptoms were associated with greater number of positive symptoms.

Conclusion
CHR-P youth represent a heterogeneous group, presenting with a wide range in clinical presentation as reflected in both the number of SIPS symptoms and their severity. Though the severity and duration of positive SIPS symptoms determines the CHR-P classification, high ratings on several of the other SIPS negative, disorganization, and general items may be useful indicators of elevated symptomatology.
Viscoelastic parameters derived from multifrequency MR elastography for depicting hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Wang Yikun , Zhou Jiahao , Lin Huimin , Wang Huafeng , Sack Ingolf , Guo Jing , Yan Fuhua , Li Ruokun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The capability of MR elastography (MRE) to differentiate fibrosis and inflammation, and to provide precise diagnoses is crucial, whereas the coexistence of fibrosis and inflammation may obscure the diagnostic accuracy.

Methods
In this retrospective study, from June 2020 to December 2022, chronic viral hepatitis patients who underwent multifrequency MRE (mMRE) were included in, and further divided into, training and validation cohorts. The hepatic viscoelastic parameters [shear wave speed (c) and loss angle (φ) of the complex shear modulus] were obtained from mMRE. The logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate performance of viscoelastic parameters for fibrosis and inflammation.

Results
A total of 233 patients were assigned to training cohort and validation cohorts (mean age, 52 years ± 13 (SD); 51 women; training cohort, n = 170 (73%), and validation cohort, n = 63 (27%)). Liver c exhibited superior performance in detecting fibrosis with ROC (95% confidence interval) of ≥ S1 (0.96 (0.92–0.99)), ≥ S2 (0.86 (0.78–0.92)), ≥ S3 (0.89 (0.84–0.95)), and S4 (0.88 (0.83–0.93)). Similarly, φ was effective in diagnosing inflammation with ROC values of ≥ G2 (0.72 (0.63–0.81)), ≥ G3 (0.88 (0.83–0.94)), and G4 (0.92 (0.87–0.98)). And great predictive discrimination for fibrosis and inflammation were shown in validation cohort (all AUCs > 0.75).

Conclusion
The viscoelastic parameters derived from multifrequency MRE could realize simultaneous detection of hepatic fibrosis and inflammation.

Critical relevance statement
Fibrosis and inflammation coexist in chronic liver disease which obscures the diagnostic performance of MR elastography, whereas the viscoelastic parameters derived from multifrequency MR elastography could realize simultaneous detection of hepatic fibrosis and inflammation.

Key points
• Hepatic biomechanical parameters derived from multifrequency MR elastography could effectively detect fibrosis and inflammation.
• Liver stiffness is useful for detecting fibrosis independent of inflammatory activity.
• Fibrosis could affect the diagnostic efficacy of liver viscosity in inflammation, especially in early-grade of inflammation.

Graphical Abstract
How young radiologists use contrast media and manage adverse reactions: an international survey
Authors: Albano Domenico , Mallardi Carmen , Afat Saif , Agnollitto Paulo Moraes , Caruso Damiano , Cannella Roberto , Carriero Serena , Chupetlovska Kalina , Clauser Paola , D’Angelo Tommaso , De Santis Domenico , Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Dumic-Cule Ivo , Fanni Salvatore Claudio , Fusco Stefano , Gatti Marco , Gitto Salvatore , Jankovic Sonja , Karagechev Tsvetomir , Klontzas Michail E. , Koltsakis Emmanouil , Leithner Doris , Matišić Vid , Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Penkova Ralitsa , Polici Michela , Serpi Francesca , Sofia Carmelo , Snoj Ziga , Akinci D’Antonoli Tugba , Vernuccio Federica , Vieira João , Vieira Ana Catarina , Wielema Mirjam , Zerunian Marta , Messina Carmelo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To collect real-world data about the knowledge and self-perception of young radiologists concerning the use of contrast media (CM) and the management of adverse drug reactions (ADR).

Methods
A survey (29 questions) was distributed to residents and board-certified radiologists younger than 40 years to investigate the current international situation in young radiology community regarding CM and ADRs. Descriptive statistics analysis was performed.

Results
Out of 454 respondents from 48 countries (mean age: 31.7 ± 4 years, range 25–39), 271 (59.7%) were radiology residents and 183 (40.3%) were board-certified radiologists. The majority (349, 76.5%) felt they were adequately informed regarding the use of CM. However, only 141 (31.1%) received specific training on the use of CM and 82 (18.1%) about management ADR during their residency. Although 266 (58.6%) knew safety protocols for handling ADR, 69.6% (316) lacked confidence in their ability to manage CM-induced ADRs and 95.8% (435) expressed a desire to enhance their understanding of CM use and handling of CM-induced ADRs. Nearly 300 respondents (297; 65.4%) were aware of the benefits of contrast-enhanced ultrasound, but 249 (54.8%) of participants did not perform it. The preferred CM injection strategy in CT parenchymal examination and CT angiography examination was based on patient’s lean body weight in 318 (70.0%) and 160 (35.2%), a predeterminate fixed amount in 79 (17.4%) and 116 (25.6%), iodine delivery rate in 26 (5.7%) and 122 (26.9%), and scan time in 31 (6.8%) and 56 (12.3%), respectively.

Conclusion
Training in CM use and management ADR should be implemented in the training of radiology residents.

Critical relevance statement
We highlight the need for improvement in the education of young radiologists regarding contrast media; more attention from residency programs and scientific societies should be focused on training about contrast media use and the management of adverse drug reactions.

Key points
• This survey investigated training of young radiologists about use of contrast media and management adverse reactions.
• Most young radiologists claimed they did not receive dedicated training.
• An extreme heterogeneity of responses was observed about contrast media indications/contraindications and injection strategy.

Graphical Abstract
Dyadic risk mechanisms–a nomenclature for 36 proto-cascading effects determining humanity’s future
Authors: Undheim Trond Arne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRe-reading the risk literature, I sketch a novel nomenclature for 36 dyadic risk interactions that constitute the prototypes of what eventually become cascading effects. This analysis demonstrates where cascading risk effects originate and also hints at how they get their enormous power. Risk dyads derive from basic first-order interactions across six disruptive forces: sci-tech, governance, economics, social dynamics, ecological impact, and health adversity. I give brief examples of each and provide a short case description of six of the most prominent dyads. Very few of these dyads have an existing shorthand. The exception is NaTech, which denotes natural disasters being amplified by, or amplifying industrial risk, or now more broadly, sci-tech-derived risk. By generalizing the NaTech-style nomenclature across domains, I aim to provide the basic building blocks for a precise understanding of contemporary risk mechanics. This step is often skipped by avid complexity scholars intent on first describing system-wide features. Yet, dyadic analysis is an important prerequisite for systemic understanding of complex cascading effects that depend on triadic or tetradic risk relationships. In reality, even if systemic, and existential risks, as they emerge in the twenty-first century, depend on a myriad of cascading effects, they cannot be fully understood simply by looking at the whole system and attempting to analytically ignore its constituent parts claiming to gain a better overview.
Feature selection strategies: a comparative analysis of SHAP-value and importance-based methods
Authors: Wang Huanjing , Liang Qianxin , Hancock John T. , Khoshgoftaar Taghi M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the context of high-dimensional credit card fraud data, researchers and practitioners commonly utilize feature selection techniques to enhance the performance of fraud detection models. This study presents a comparison in model performance using the most important features selected by SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values and the model’s built-in feature importance list. Both methods rank features and choose the most significant ones for model assessment. To evaluate the effectiveness of these feature selection techniques, classification models are built using five classifiers: XGBoost, Decision Tree, CatBoost, Extremely Randomized Trees, and Random Forest. The Area under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC) serves as the evaluation metric. All experiments are executed on the Kaggle Credit Card Fraud Detection Dataset. The experimental outcomes and statistical tests indicate that feature selection methods based on importance values outperform those based on SHAP values across classifiers and various feature subset sizes. For models trained on larger datasets, it is recommended to use the model’s built-in feature importance list as the primary feature selection method over SHAP. This suggestion is based on the rationale that computing SHAP feature importance is a distinct activity, while models naturally provide built-in feature importance as part of the training process, requiring no additional effort. Consequently, opting for the model’s built-in feature importance list can offer a more efficient and practical approach for larger datasets and more intricate models.
A new GNSS-acoustic positioning software implementing multiple positioning functions considering nadir total delays
Authors: Tomita Fumiaki , Kido Motoyuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobal navigation satellite system-acoustic (GNSS-A) positioning is an important geodetic observation technique for detecting seafloor crustal deformation. After the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake, GNSS-A observational networks were extended along various subduction zones, and observational systems have been improved, especially for sea surface platforms, such as the introduction of an unmanned vehicle, the Wave Glider. The aforementioned development of GNSS-A observations has provided a large amount of observational data. Furthermore, GNSS-A positioning methods were recently developed considering the lateral heterogeneity of the sound speed structure. Thus, it is important to develop a software that makes it easy for widespread use of the latest GNSS-A positioning methods. However, there is currently only one open-source GNSS-A positioning software, which may hinder the entry of various researchers into GNSS-A positioning analyses. Here, we developed a new GNSS-A positioning software, henceforth called “SeaGap” (Software of enhanced analyses for GNSS-acoustic positioning), that executes various positioning methods from the conventional kinematic positioning technique to the latest Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-based static positioning technique. We introduce their methodology and demonstrate its application to actual observational data. The software newly added optional prior distributions to the unknown parameters expressing the heterogeneity of a sound speed structure into the MCMC-based static positioning method, and we also applied the new method to actual observational data. In addition to the positioning functions, the software contains various auxiliary functions, including drawing. The developed software is written using the “Julia” language and is distributed as an open-source software.
Graphical Abstract
Criteria for patient selection and indication for intracorneal ring segments in keratoconus
Authors: Vega Alfredo , Alió Jorge L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Keratoconus is an ectatic, progressive corneal disorder characterized by alterations in the morphology of the corneal tissue that leads to limitation of visual function of the patient. Intracorneal ring segments (ICRS) are small synthetic devices that are implanted in the corneal stromal in order to regularize the morphology of the tissue therefore improving the visual function and the quality of life of the patients.

Main text
The present narrative review summarizes the main scientific articles developed by the authors in relation to the clinical outcomes and long-term results of ICRS in the treatment of keratoconus. It was found that those patients that benefit the most from this surgical intervention are those that have the most severe form of keratoconus. Additionally, patients with good visual function, those with more than 0.9 in the decimal scale are at risk of losing visual acuity after ICRS implantation. In relation to long-term results, scientific investigations published by the authors demonstrate that ICRS is a stable procedure after long period of time in terms of vision, refraction, and topographic variables in those patients with stable keratoconus. However, in patients with keratoconus and signs of progression, ICRS may not have the capability of halting the progression of the disease. Using artificial intelligence to guide ICRS implantation provide better clinical outcomes and improvement in corneal higher-order aberrations in patients with keratoconus in comparison to those treated using the commercial nomogram of implantation.

Conclusions
ICRS is a safe surgical procedure in the treatment of keratoconus. Patients that benefit most from the surgery are those with a significant visual impairment. ICRS should not be considered in patients with good visual function because of the risk of losing lines of vision. Long-term follow-up demonstrate stability of the clinical outcomes in patients with stable keratoconus although ICRS may not have the ability of halting the progression of the disease. New technologies based artificial intelligence improved the indications and the clinical outcomes of keratoconus patients treated with ICRS.
Development of an automated method for flood inundation monitoring, flood hazard, and soil erosion susceptibility assessment using machine learning and AHP–MCE techniques
Authors: Prakash A. Jaya , Begam Sazeda , Vilímek Vít , Mudi Sujoy , Das Pulakesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Operational large-scale flood monitoring using publicly available satellite data is possible with the advent of Sentinel-1 microwave data, which enables near-real-time (at 6-day intervals) flood mapping day and night, even in cloudy monsoon seasons. Automated flood inundation area identification in near-real-time involves advanced geospatial data processing platforms, such as Google Earth Engine and robust methodology (Otsu’s algorithm).

Objectives
The current study employs Sentinel-1 microwave data for flood extent mapping using machine learning (ML) algorithms in Assam State, India. We generated a flood hazard and soil erosion susceptibility map by combining multi-source data on weather conditions and soil and terrain characteristics. Random Forest (RF), Classification and Regression Tool (CART), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) ML algorithms were applied to generate the flood hazard map. Furthermore, we employed the multicriteria evaluation (MCE) analytical hierarchical process (AHP) for soil erosion susceptibility mapping.

Summary
The highest prediction accuracy was observed for the RF model (overall accuracy [OA] > 82%), followed by the SVM (OA > 82%) and CART (OA > 81%). Over 26% of the study area indicated high flood hazard-prone areas, and approximately 60% showed high and severe potential for soil erosion due to flooding. The automated flood mapping platform is an essential resource for emergency responders and decision-makers, as it helps to guide relief activities by identifying suitable regions and appropriate logistic route planning and improving the accuracy and timeliness of
emergency response efforts. Periodic flood inundation maps will help in long-term planning and policymaking, flood management, soil and biodiversity conservation, land degradation, planning sustainable agriculture interventions, crop insurance, and climate resilience studies.