bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alexithymia and interpersonal problems
Authors: Vanheule Stijn , Desmet Mattias , Meganck Reitske , Bogaerts Stefan 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis study examines whether alexithymia relates to specific interpersonal problems, based on data collected in a sample of mental health outpatients (N = 404) and a student sample (N = 157). Linear regression analysis, in which the effects of group, gender, and age were controlled, indicated that two interpersonal problems were significantly and reliably related to alexithymia: cold/distant and nonassertive social functioning. The theoretical relevance of the results for attachment and psychoanalytic theory is indicated, as well as implications of the findings for clinical practice. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 109–117, 2007.
Photocatalytic ozonation of gallic acid in water
Authors: Beltrán Fernando J , Gimeno Olga , Rivas Francisco J , Carbajo María 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAqueous solutions of gallic acid have been treated with five different oxidation‐radiation processes: visible and ultraviolet A radiation (VUVA), TiO2 adsorption, ozonation, VUVA/TiO2 photocatalysis and VUVA/O3/TiO2 photocatalytic ozonation. With the exception of VUVA radiation and TiO2 adsorption, ozone and photolytic processes allow for the total removal of gallic acid in a period between 50 and 90 min. The time taken to achieve 100% gallic acid conversion depends on the oxidation process applied, photocatalytic ozonation being the most effective technique. Throughout the process, oxalic and formic acids were identified as byproducts. Some other unidentified compounds probably related to pyruvic, malonic and maleic acids were also detected. The appearance of these compounds can be justified from direct reactions of both hydroxyl radical and ozone in water. Only photocatalytic ozonation leads to total mineralisation of the organic matter in less than 90 min. The photocatalyst used, TiO2, showed good activity and stability (no leaching was observed) after five consecutive photocatalytic ozonation runs with the same semiconductor‐catalyst mass. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Recovery of value‐added globular proteins from tannery wastewaters using PEG – salt aqueous two‐phase systems
Authors: Saravanan Settu , Rao Jonnalagadda Raghava , Murugesan Thanapalan , Nair Balachandran Unni , Ramasami Thirumalachari 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLeather processing involves discharge of high‐value soluble globular proteins in the wastewater. The recovery of value‐added products from the wastewaters is gaining more importance in the context of recovery of wealth from waste. The recovery of these globular proteins from tannery wastewater was selected as a practical model system to study the implementation of polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐sulfate aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS). The partition coefficient of bovine serum albumin is comparable to that of soluble proteins from tannery wastewaters. The influence of concentration of polymer, salt, pH and temperature on the partitioning of soluble proteins from tannery wastewaters has been studied. The PEG6000 + sodium sulfate + water system provide better partitioning of these soluble proteins as compared to PEG6000 + ammonium sulfate system. The maximum protein recovery yield for PEG6000 + sodium sulfate + water system at 20 °C is 92.75%. The influence of temperature indicates the recovery of proteins from tannery wastewater to be better at lower temperature. The findings of these studies raise the potential application of ATPS processes for protein recovery from complex biological systems. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Astrocytes refill intracellular Ca2+ stores in the absence of cytoplasmic [Ca2+] elevation: A functional rather than a structural ability
Authors: Grimaldi Maurizio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCapacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) is a phenomenon triggered by depletion of Ca2+ content in intracellular stores (ICS). Data about this phenomenon in astrocytes are limited. We analyzed CCE in astrocytes by means of fura‐2 based digital imaging. We found that in astrocytes CCE is not associated with an increase of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), although ICS are efficiently refilled. We used Mn2+, thapsigargin and prolonged ATP exposure to show that CCE is not associated with cytosolic diffusion of Ca2+ entering astrocytes. Our data suggest that the ion is being quickly sequestered in the ICS by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATP‐ase (SERCA). Several experiments were carried out with the goal of failing the efficient uptake in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In fact, inhibition of SERCA activity, increased extracellular [Ca2+]i or pharmacologic potentiation of CCE all caused [Ca2+]i elevation during CCE, suggesting that the control of this phenomenon could have physiologic and pathological relevance. The molecular components involved in CCE have been proposed to be organized in a multi‐molecular complex tethered by cytoskeleton components and arranged via a secretion coupling model. We show here that the efficient routing of Ca2+ into the ICS in astrocytes is not affected by disruption of cytoskeleton organization or Golgi's function, but it is instead linked to the high efficiency of SERCA. We conclude that depleted ICS in astrocytes are efficiently refilled by CCE activation, although Ca2+ influx is not accompanied by elevation of [Ca2+]i. This ability seems to be functional rather than structural in nature. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cumin seed meal with enzyme and polyethylene glycol as an alternative to wheat bran in broiler diets
Authors: Mansoori Behzad , Modirsanei Mehrdad , Kiaei Saied Mohammad‐Mehdi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIran produces about 7000 metric tons of cumin seed meal (CSM) as a by‐product of cumin oil extraction factories, annually. To evaluate the nutritional significance of cumin seed meal as a broiler feedstuff, an experiment was conducted using 288 male broiler chicks (14 days old) receiving diets containing 0, 25 and 50 g kg−1 of CSM with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG) and enzyme (Grindazyme™ GP 15000) for 28 days. Total body weight (BW), body weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), weight of carcass and percentage of legs, breast and edible parts of carcass were measured. The results showed that, inclusion of CSM in broiler diets had no negative influence on parameters evaluated compared to the control diet containing wheat bran (P > 0.05). PEG and enzyme had no influence on the bird performance (P > 0.05). There was an increase in relative weight of gizzard when the amount of CSM in the diet was increased (P < 0.01). An increase in relative weight of gizzard in birds that received the CSM diet was likely to be due to the increase in fibre content of CSM diets. In respect of the low price of CSM, it could be concluded that inclusion of CSM at levels used in this experiment has no negative effect on broiler performance and reduces the overall cost of broiler production. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Does urodynamic investigation improve outcome in patients undergoing prolapse surgery?
Authors: Roovers J.P.W.R. , van Laar J.O.E.H. , Loffeld C. , Bremer G.L. , Mol B.W. , Bongers M.Y. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimsWithout solid evidence, it has been advocated to perform urodynamic investigation in all patients scheduled for prolapse surgery. If urodynamic investigations were to be valuable in the diagnostic work‐up, patients with normal and abnormal findings would have different treatment results. Our policy to never combine prolapse surgery and stress‐incontinence surgery allowed us to study whether incontinence after surgery can be predicted from urodynamic investigation results.MethodsA retrospective study was performed in consecutive patients undergoing vaginal prolapse surgery (anterior colporraphy and/or posterior colporraphy, and/or vaginal hysterectomy) between 2002 and 2004. All patients underwent pre‐operative urodynamic investigation, including filling cystometry, urethral pressure profile measurement, and free flow cystometry. Data were collected from the files about medical history, findings at pelvic examination, findings at urodynamic investigation and presence of stress‐ and/or urge‐incontinence after surgery.ResultsWe studied 76 patients, of whom 5 (7%) patients reported stress‐incontinence and 5 (7%) patients reported urge‐incontinence after surgery. Findings at urodynamic investigation could not predict the presence of stress‐ or urge‐incontinence after surgery. Likelihood ratios (LR) of prior presence of urge and stress‐incontinence for the presence of post‐operative urge‐ and stress‐incontinence were 4.5 and 1.2, respectively. Of all findings at urodynamic investigation, only negative transmission during cough test was associated with presence of stress‐incontinence (LR = 1.5).ConclusionsThe prevalence of incontinence after prolapse surgery is low. None of the investigated parameters of the urodynamic investigation tests was associated with the presence of urinary incontinence after surgery. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:170–175, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Survivable IP network design with OSPF routing
Authors: Buriol L.S. , Resende M.G.C. , Thorup M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInternet protocol (IP) traffic follows rules established by routing protocols. Shortest path‐based protocols, such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), direct traffic based on arc weights assigned by the network operator. Each router computes shortest paths and creates destination tables used for routing flow on the shortest paths. If a router has multiple outgoing links on shortest paths to a given destination, it splits traffic evenly over these links. It is also the role of the routing protocol to specify how the network should react to changes in the network topology, such as arc or router failures. In such situations, IP traffic is rerouted through the shortest paths not traversing the affected part of the network. This article addresses the issue of assigning OSPF weights and multiplicities to each arc, aiming to design efficient OSPF‐routed networks with minimum total weighted multiplicity (multiplicity multiplied by the arc length) needed to route the required demand and handle any single arc or router failure. The multiplicities are limited to a discrete set of values, and we assume that the topology is given. We propose an evolutionary algorithm for this problem, and present results applying it to several real‐world problem instances. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 49(1), 51–64 2007
Effect of drug‐test interactions on length of hospital stay
Authors: Terleira Ana , Portolés Antonio , Rojas SRN Aurora , Vargas Emilio 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of drug‐laboratory test interactions on the length of stay of hospitalised patients.MethodsObservational study of 404 discharges from the Internal Medicine Services of a tertiary hospital. Databases with information on general data, medication and tests performed were linked with the potential interactions described in the literature. This revealed the potential interactions between drugs and laboratory tests (PIDL) in each patient. Several linear regression models, adjusted for confounders, were performed to test the effect of both the number of PIDL and their influence on tests results (false positive/negative) on the length of stay.ResultsA total of 19 741 PIDL were detected; 5954 could give rise to potential false positive (PFP) results and 8442 to potential false negative (PFN) ones. Each PFP was related to an increase of 0.051 days in stay duration (CI95% 0.001–0.102) and each PFN to 0.045 days (CI95% 0.008–0.081). Globally, 303 and 380 days of hospitalisation could be attributed to false positives and false negatives, which could account for 9.8% of the total stay of these patients.ConclusionsThese results show that the interactions between drugs and laboratory tests produce a statistically and clinically significant increase in the duration of hospital stay. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theory of chemical bonds in metalloenzymes IV: Hybrid‐DFT study of Rieske‐type [2Fe2S] clusters
Authors: Shoji Mitsuo , Koizumi Kenichi , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Yamanaka Shusuke , Okumura Mitsutaka , Yamaguchi Kizashi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe Rieske‐type [2Fe2S] cores of electron‐transfer (ET) proteins in the mitochondrial respiratory chain have unusual properties, such as redox potentials and spectroscopy. In this study, part IV of a series, the inherent molecular structures and characteristic electronic structures of the Rieske‐type [2Fe2S] clusters are investigated using broken‐symmetry hybrid density functional theory (BS‐HDFT). Geometry optimizations for the oxidized and reduced states were performed and their characteristic vibrational modes are assigned. Magnetic properties are investigated using model Hamiltonians to describe the electron delocalization and the unsymmetric property. The parameters of the model Hamiltonian, such as exchange coupling J, valence delocalization B, and potential energy difference Δ, are evaluated from the BS‐HDFT calculations. The valence localization and excitation energy (ΔE) of the Rieske‐type [2Fe2S] cluster are discussed. The chemical bond nature is characterized by chemical indices from natural orbital analysis. Our theoretical results are reasonably consistent with experimental results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Associated and correlated quantum fluid dynamics in laser‐induced ionization of helium
Authors: Vikas  
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe present work addresses the relevance of a quantum fluid perspective for a many‐electron system in explaining the photoionization of the helium atom interacting with an intense laser field. A nonperturbative approach, based on the (total)‐electron density description within the time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) formalism, is employed to study the exchange and correlation effects allied to the photoionization process. A distinctive behavior of the photoionization process, revealing a clear transition from the low‐intensity multiphoton to the high‐intensity tunneling regime, is vindicated within a single optical cycle of the laser field. In the low‐intensity multiphoton regime, recollisions are observed to be more prominent, whereas in the high‐intensity tunneling regime, the strong field ionization is found to be more pronounced besides the recollisions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007
Electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry of peptide cations containing a lysine homologue: a mobile proton model for explaining the observation of b‐type product ions
Authors: Lee Sunyoung , Chung Gyusung , Kim Jaedong , Oh Han Bin 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEleven doubly protonated peptides with a residue homologous to lysine were investigated by electron capture dissociation mass spectrometry (ECD‐MS). Lysine homologues provide the unique opportunity to examine the ECD fragmentation behavior by allowing us to vary the length of the lysine side chain, with minimal structural change. The lysine homologue has a primary amine side chain with a length that successively decreases by one methylene (CH2) unit from the CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 of lysine and the accompanying decrease of its proton affinities: lysine (K), 1006.5(±7.2) kJ/mol; ornithine (K*), 1001.1(±6.6) kJ/mol; 2,4‐diaminobutanoic acid (K**), 975.8(±7.4) kJ/mol; 2,3‐diaminopropanoic acid (K***), 950.2(±7.2) kJ/mol. In general, the lysine‐homologous peptides exhibited overall ECD fragmentation patterns similar to that of the lysine‐containing peptides in terms of the locations, abundances, and ion types of products, such as yielding c+ and z+. ions as the dominant product ions. However, a close inspection of product ion mass spectra showed that ECD‐MS for the alanine‐rich peptides with an ornithinyl or 2,4‐diaminobutanoyl residue gave rise to b ions, while the lysinyl‐residue‐containing peptides did not, in most cases, produce any b ions. The peptide selectivity in the generation of b+ ions could be understood from within the framework of the mobile proton model in ECD‐MS, previously proposed by Cooper (Ref. 29). The exact mass analysis of the resultant b ions reveals that these b ions are not radical species but rather the cationic species with R‐CO+ structure (or protonated oxozalone ion), that is, b+ ions. The absence of [M+2H]+. species in the ECD mass spectra and the selective b+‐ion formation are evidence that the peptides underwent H‐atom loss upon electron capture, and then the resulting reduced species dissociated following typical MS/MS fragmentation pathways. This explanation was further supported by extensive b+ ions generated in the ECD of alanine‐based peptides with extended conformations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selectivity of electrospray response in small polymer analysis by mass spectrometry
Authors: Mohamed Salimo , Charles Laurence 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe selectivity of electrospray was explored for a small poly(ethylene)glycol by comparing the oligomer response obtained from direct polymer introduction in flow injection analysis with the signal recorded in high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). When the oligomer mixture was ionized, a suppression effect was measured for all but the more hydrophobic congeners for which the response was enhanced. This result would reflect the influence of electrospray droplet chemical composition on the equilibrium partitioning coefficient in Enke's model. On average, the electrospray selectivity observed for the studied poly(ethylene)glycol did not affect the molecular weight distribution parameters as response for the most concentrated oligomers was suppressed to the same extent while over‐expressed largest congeners had a low contribution to the total polymer sample. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The weight of the shortest path tree
Authors: van der Hofstad Remco , Hooghiemstra Gerard , Van Mieghem Piet 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe minimal weight of the shortest path tree in a complete graph with independent and exponential (mean 1) random link weights is shown to converge to a Gaussian distribution. We prove a conditional central limit theorem and show that the condition holds with probability converging to 1. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2007
Summary of ISO/TC 201 Standard: XXIV, ISO 24237:2005—surface chemical analysis—X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy—repeatability and constancy of intensity scale
Authors: Seah M. P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis International Standard specifies a method for evaluating the repeatability and constancy of the intensity scale of X‐ray photoelectron spectrometers, for general analytical purposes, using non‐monochromated Al or Mg X‐rays or monochromated Al X‐rays. It is only applicable to instruments that incorporate an ion gun for sputter cleaning. It is not intended to be a calibration of the intensity/energy response function (Seah MP. J. Electron Spectrosc. 1995; 71: 191; http://www.npl.co.uk/nanoanalysis/a1calib.html [2006]). That calibration may be made by the instrument manufacturer or other organization. The present method provides data to evaluate and confirm the accuracy with which the intensity/energy response function remains constant with instrument usage. Guidance is given to some of the instrument settings that may affect this constancy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular‐Dynamic Studies of Carbon–Water–Carbon Composite Nanotubes
Authors: Zou Jian , Ji Baohua , Feng Xi‐Qiao , Gao Huajian 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe recently reported the discovery via molecular‐dynamic simulations that single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with different diameters, lengths, and chiralities can coaxially self‐assemble into multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in water via the spontaneous insertion of smaller tubes into larger ones.[1] Here, we extend that study to investigate the various water structures formed between two selected SWCNTs after such coaxial assembly. Depending on the tube geometry, typical water structures, besides the bulk phase, include a one‐dimensional (1D) ordered water chain inside the smaller tube, a uniform or nonuniform water shell between the two tubes, and a “boundary layer” of water near the exterior wall of the larger tube. It was found that a concentric water shell consisting of up to three layers of water molecules can form between the two SWCNTs, which leads to a class of carbon–water–carbon composite nanotubes. Analysis of the potential energy of the SWCNT–water system indicated that the composite nanotubes are stabilized by both the tube–tube and tube–water van  der Waals interactions. Geometrically confined between the two SWCNTs, water mono‐ and bilayers are found to be stable, highly condensed, and ordered, although the average number of hydrogen bonds per water molecule is reduced. In contrast, a water trilayer between the two CNTs can be easily disrupted by thermal fluctuations.
Dip‐Pen Nanolithography on (Bio)Reactive Monolayer and Block‐Copolymer Platforms: Deposition of Lines of Single Macromolecules
Authors: Salazar Ramon B. , Shovsky Alexander , Schönherr Holger , Vancso G. Julius 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip‐mediated molecular transfer (dip‐pen nanolithography or DPN) to fabricate nanopatterned (bio)reactive platforms based on dendrimers on reactive self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) and polymer thin films is discussed. The transfer of high‐molar‐mass polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers (generation 5) and the rapid in situ covalent attachment of the deposited adsorbates onto reactive N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) terminated SAMs on gold and NHS‐activated polystyrene‐block‐poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (PS690‐b‐PtBA1210) block copolymer thin films were investigated as strategies to suppress line broadening by surface diffusion in DPN. By exploiting carefully controlled environmental conditions (such as temperature and relative humidity), scan rates, and in particular the covalent attachment of the dendrimers to the reactive films, the observed line broadening and hence the lateral diffusion of dendrimers was substantially less pronounced compared to that observed with DPN of thiols on gold. By this method, high‐definition patterns of dendrimers were conveniently fabricated down to 30‐nm length scales. The presence of primary amino groups in the deposited dendrimers ultimately offers the possibility to anchor biochemically relevant molecules, such as proteins and polypeptides, to these nanostructured platforms for a wide range of possible applications in the life sciences and in particular for the investigation of controlled cell‐surface interactions.
Formation of the Salt‐like Complexes [Co{S2CC(PPh3)2}3][Co(CO)4]3 and [(CO)4Mn{S2CC(PPh3)2}][Mn(CO)5] from the Reaction of the Related Carbonyl Compounds with S2CC(PPh3)2
Authors: Petz Wolfgang , Neumüller Bernhard , Hehl Judith 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe betain‐like compound S2CC(PPh3)2 (1), which is obtained from CS2 and the double ylide C(PPh3)2, reacts with [Co2(CO)8] and [Mn2(CO)10] in THF to afford the salt‐like complexes [Co{S2CC(PPh3)2}3][Co(CO)4]3 (2) and [(CO)4Mn{S2CC(PPh3)2}][Mn(CO)5] (3), respectively, in good yields. At both d6 cations 1 acts as a chelating ligand. Disproportionation reactions from formal Co0 into CoIII and Co−I and from Mn0 into MnI and Mn−I occurred with the removal of four or one carbonyl groups, respectively. The crystal structures of 2·5.5THF and 3·2THF are reported, which show a shortening of the C–C bond in the ligand upon complex formation. The compounds are further characterized by 31P NMR and IR spectroscopy.