bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of behaviours associated with tactile defensiveness: an exploration of the differences between mothers and their children
Authors: Hotz Susan Dawn , Royeen Charlotte Brasic 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant correlation between mothers' and children's perceptions of tactile defensiveness. This investigation replicated a similar study by Bennett and Peterson (1995). The Touch Inventory for Elementary School Aged Children (TIE) was administered to 27 boys and girls, aged 8 to 11, who were selected using purposive sampling. A modified version of the TIE was given to their mothers. Results indicated that there was a statistically significant correlation (r=0.417, p=0.03) between a child's own perception of tactile defensiveness and the child's mother's perception of the child's tactile defensiveness. In general, however, the children in this study rated their perception of their own tactile defensiveness 6.5 points higher than their mothers did. The results from the current investigation are similar to those of Bennett and Peterson (1995). The children in their study rated their perception of their own tactile defensiveness 10 points higher than their mothers did. Reviewed together, these results suggest that mothers may systematically underestimate the degree of tactile defensiveness in their children, and that it is important to use information from both children and their mothers to learn more about the child's tactile defensiveness. Continued research into this area is recommended. Copyright © 1998 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
The transition through adult rites of passage after traumatic brain injury: preliminary assessment of an occupational therapy intervention
Authors: Gutman Sharon A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA case study is presented of a 30‐year‐old male with traumatic brain injury (TBI) experiencing gender role strain. The case study describes this man's participation in an occupational therapy intervention based on social learning theory. The intervention was designed to alleviate gender role strain and to increase his ability to live independently in the community and to help him to make the transition through rites of passage leading to adulthood. At the end of the 4‐month occupational therapy intervention, the participant had achieved the adult rites of dating/courtship experiences, independent community travel and shared apartment living in the community. The data collected for this case study were intended to provide preliminary data for a subsequent study involving a greater number of participants with TBI. The case study is limited in that outcome measures used were solely qualitative self‐reports. Recommendations for future research regarding the assessment of the intervention's efficacy include expanding the number of participants and incorporating quantitative assessment tools to measure outcomes. Copyright © 1999 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
An international content validation of the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST)
Authors: Demers Louise , Wessels Roelof D. , Weiss‐Lambrou Rhoda , Ska Bernadette , De Witte Luc P. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST) is an outcome assessment tool designed to identify the sources of user satisfaction and dissatisfaction with assistive technology. This paper presents the results of an international content validation study of the QUEST that was conducted as part of the ongoing development of this assessment instrument. A questionnaire developed to measure the relevance of QUEST items and to critique the administration procedures was completed by an international group of 12 assistive technology experts from the United States, the Netherlands and Canada. At the test level, the findings revealed that the QUEST was adequately sampled in terms of embracing all the important facets of satisfaction with assistive technology. At the item level, however, it was revealed that changes needed to be made to the wording of the satisfaction variables and to the administration procedures for the QUEST in order to ensure optimal content validity. A limitation of the study is the heterogeneity of the testing sites that may have reduced the chances of reaching consensual agreement among the content experts. It is recommended that future studies consider alternative methods such as factorial analysis to support the findings of this study. Copyright © 1999 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Critical companionship: our learning journey
Authors: Gribben Bernadette , Cochrane Clare 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn the current climate of increasing work pressures, nurses have been exploring a variety of approaches that will provide a supportive environment while addressing their own development needs. The nursing profession has become increasingly interested in the concept of facilitated reflective practice (Department of Health, 1993) to provide this supportive environment. The more widely recognized strategies that have been adopted include clinical supervision, critical mentorship and action learning. A relatively new approach has been developed called critical companionship, which is described by Angie Titchen (2001) asa metaphor for a helping relationship in which a critical companion accompanies a less experienced practitioner on their personal experiential learning journey.This paper outlines how two colleagues, Bernadette and Clare, developed their working relationship and facilitation skills in an environment of support and challenge using this framework. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C‐terminal sequencing method for proteins in polyacrylamide gel by the reaction of acetic anhydride
Authors: Miyazaki Kenji , Tsugita Akira 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA successive C‐terminal amino acid truncation reaction with acetic anhydride was applied on proteins in polyacrylamide gel. Protein bands separated by conventional SDS‐PAGE were excised, partially fixed in the gel with glutaraldehyde ethanol solution, dehydrated with ACN and subjected to the truncation reaction with acetic anhydride formamide solution. Pre‐treatment of the gel with pyridine aqueous solution was found to enhance the truncation reaction yields. After the truncation reaction, the products were treated with an aqueous solution of dimethylaminoethanol to hydrolyze oxazolone rings at the C termini of the truncated products and O‐acetylated products of serine, threonine and/or tyrosine. Several commercially available proteins of 10–40 kDa, as determined by SDS‐PAGE, such as myoglobin, trypsin inhibitor, α‐hemolysin, cytochrome c, chymotrypsin C chain, elastase, acylase and histone H4, were subjected to the C‐terminal analysis. The truncated proteins were in‐gel digested with trypsin and the extracted peptides were analyzed by MALDI‐TOF MS, giving rise to a series of molecular mass ions of the C‐terminal truncated fragments corresponding to the C‐terminal amino acid sequence of the relevant protein.
A functional proteomics approach for the detection of nuclear proteins based on derepressed importin alpha
Authors: Blazek Erik , Meisterernst Michael 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe identification of functional proteomes is a major challenge in proteomic research. Here we describe a method for the detection and isolation of nuclear (localization sequence containing) proteins using a derepressed import receptor (DIRE) as a synthetic antibody. We demonstrate that the DIRE method specifically detects nuclear localization sequence containing proteins. Application to activation of primary T‐lymphocytes exemplifies the potential use of DIRE for comparative proteomics and for diagnostics.
Diagnosis of congenital disorders of glycosylation type‐I using protein chip technology
Authors: Mills Kevin , Mills Philippa , Jackson Marie , Worthington Viki , Beesley Clare , Mann Anúska , Clayton Peter , Grunewald Stephanie , Keir Geoffrey , Young Liz , Langridge James , Mian Nasi , Winchester Bryan 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA method for the diagnosis of the congenital disorders of glycosylation type I (CDG‐I) by SELDI‐TOF‐MS of serum transferrin immunocaptured on protein chip arrays is described. The underglycosylation of glycoproteins in CDG‐I produces glycoforms of transferrin with masses lower than that of the normal fully glycosylated transferrin. Immobilisation of antitransferrin antibodies on reactive‐surface protein chip arrays (RS100) selectively enriched transferrin by at least 100‐fold and allowed the detection of patterns of transferrin glycoforms by SELDI‐TOF‐MS using approximately 0.3 µL of serum/plasma. Abnormal patterns of immunocaptured transferrin were detected in patients with known defects in glycosylation (CDG‐Ia, CDG‐Ib, CDG‐Ic, CDG‐If and CDG‐Ih) and in patients in whom the basic defect has not yet been identified (CDG‐Ix). The correction of the N‐glycosylation defect in a patient with CDG‐Ib after mannose therapy was readily detected. A patient who had an abnormal transferrin profile by IEF but a normal profile by SELDI‐TOF‐MS analysis was shown to have an amino acid polymorphism by sequencing transferrin by quadrupole‐TOF MS. Complete agreement was obtained between analysis of immunocaptured transferrin by SELDI‐TOF‐MS and the IEF profile of transferrin, the clinical severity of the disease and the levels of aspartylglucosaminidase activity (a surrogate marker for the diagnosis of CDG‐I). SELDI‐TOF‐MS of transferrin immunocaptured on protein chip arrays is a highly sensitive diagnostic method for CDG‐I, which could be fully automated using microtitre plates and robotics.
Synthesis of optically active copolymers of 2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorostyrene and β‐pinene with low surface energies
Authors: Paz‐Pazos Marta , Pugh Coleen 
Published: March 2006

Abstract2,3,4,5,6‐Pentafluorostyrene (PFS) was copolymerized with β‐pinene (PIN) in bulk using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator at 70 °C. The reactivity ratios for PFS (rPFS) and PIN (rPIN) were determined by limiting each monomer conversion to approximately 10 mol % or less during 2 h of copolymerization and then plotting the composition data according to both the Fineman–Ross (r1 = rPFS = 5.2, r2 = rPIN = 0.070) and Kelen–Tudös (r1 = rPFS = 5.0, r2 = rPIN = 0.017) methods. The copolymers exhibited a single glass transition at 60–100 °C, static water contact angles higher than 95°, and optical activity with negative specific rotations. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3114–3124, 2006
Synthesis and characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) elastomers: Effect of hard segments of polyurethane on morphological and mechanical properties
Authors: Madhavan K. , Reddy B. S. R. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA series of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) elastomers based on hexamethylenediisocyanate, toluenediisocyanate, or 4,4′‐methylenediphenyldiisocyanate hard segment and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft segment were synthesized. In this study, a new type of soft‐segmented PDMS crosslinker was synthesized by hydrosilylation reaction of 2‐allyloxyethanol with polyhydromethylsiloxane, using Karstedt's catalyst. The synthesized soft‐segmented crosslinker was characterized by FT‐IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. The mechanical and thermal properties of elastomers were characterized using tensile testing, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamical mechanical analysis measurements. The molecular structure of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐urethane) membranes was characterized by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Infrared spectra indicated the formation of urethane/urea aggregates and hydrogen bonding between the hard and soft domains. Better mechanical and thermal properties of the elastomers were observed. The restriction of chain mobility has been shown by the formation of hydrogen bonding in the soft and hard segment domains, resulting in the increase in the glass‐transition temperature of soft segments. DSC analysis indicates the phase separation of the hard and soft domains. The storage modulus (E′) of the elastomers was increasing with increase in the number of urethane connections between the hard and soft segments. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2980–2989, 2006
Stimuli‐responsive ampholytic terpolymers of N‐acryloyl‐valine, acrylamide, and (3‐acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride: Synthesis, characterization, and solution properties
Authors: Ezell Ryan G. , Gorman Irene , Lokitz Brad , Ayres Neil , McCormick Charles L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractLow‐charge density ampholytic terpolymers composed of acrylamide (AM), (3‐acrylamidopropyl)trimethyl ammonium chloride (APTAC), and N‐acryloyl‐valine were prepared via free‐radical polymerization in 0.5 M NaCl to yield terpolymers with random charge distributions. Sodium formate (NaOOCH) was employed as a chain transfer agent during the polymerization to suppress gel effects and broadening of the molecular weight distribution (MWD). Terpolymer compositions were determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. Terpolymer molecular weights (MWs) and polydispersity indices (PDIs) were obtained via size exclusion chromatography/multi‐angle laser light scattering (SEC‐MALLS). Intrinsic viscosity values determined from SEC‐MALLS data using the Flory–Fox relationship were compared with those determined by low‐shear dilute solution viscometry and found to be in good agreement. SEC‐MALLS experiments allowed examination of radius of gyration‐MW (Rg‐M) relationships and the Mark‐Houwink‐Sakurada intrinsic viscosity‐MW ([η]‐M) relationships for terpolymers. The Rg‐M and [η]‐M relationships indicated little or no excluded volume effects under SEC conditions indicating that the terpolymers were in near theta conditions in an aqueous buffer solution. Potentiometric titration experiments were performed in deionized (DI) water. These studies revealed that the apparent pKa of the AMVALTAC terpolymers increases with increasing VAL content. The solution properties of low‐charge density ampholytic terpolymers have been studied as functions of solution pH, ionic strength, and polymer concentration. The charge‐balanced terpolymers exhibit polyampholyte behavior at pH values ≥ 6.5. As solution pH is decreased, these charge‐balanced terpolymers become increasingly cationic due to the protonation of the VAL repeat units. Charge‐imbalanced terpolymers generally exhibit polyelectrolyte behavior, although the effects of intramolecular electrostatic interactions (e.g., polyampholyte effects) on the hydrodynamic volume are evident at certain values of solution pH and salt concentration. The solution behavior of the terpolymers in the dilute regime correlates well with that predicted by various polyampholyte solution theories. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3125–3139, 2006
Synthesis of norbornenes containing cationic mono‐ and di(cyclopentadienyliron)arene complexes and their ring‐opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Abd‐El‐Aziz Alaa S. , Okasha Rawda M. , May Leslie J. , Hurd Jeff 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA number of classes of polynorbornenes containing cationic iron moieties within their side chains were prepared via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization with a ruthenium‐based catalyst. The iron‐containing polymers displayed excellent solubility in polar organic solvents. The weight‐average molecular weights of these polymeric materials were estimated to be in the range of 18,000–48,000. Thermogravimetric analysis of these polymers showed two distinct weight losses. The first weight loss was in the range of 204–260 °C and was due to the loss of the metallic moieties, whereas the second weight loss was observed at 368–512 °C and was due to the degradation of the polymer backbone. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the iron‐containing polymers showed that the 18 e− cationic iron centers underwent a reduction to give the neutral 19 e− complexes at half‐wave potential (E1/2) = −1.105 V. Photolysis of the metallated polymers led to the isolation of the norbornene polymers in very good yields. Differential scanning calorimetry studies showed a sharp increase in the glass‐transition temperatures up to 91 °C when rigid aromatic side chains were incorporated into the norbornene polymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3053–3070, 2006
Lung‐function tests in neonates and infants with chronic lung disease: Tidal breathing and respiratory control
Authors: Baldwin David N. , Pillow J. Jane , Stocks Janet , Frey Urs 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis paper is the fourth in a series of reviews that will summarize available data and critically discuss the potential role of lung‐function testing in infants with acute neonatal respiratory disorders and chronic lung disease of infancy. The current paper addresses information derived from tidal breathing measurements within the framework outlined in the introductory paper of this series, with particular reference to how these measurements inform on control of breathing. Infants with acute and chronic respiratory illness demonstrate differences in tidal breathing and its control that are of clinical consequence and can be measured objectively. The increased incidence of significant apnea in preterm infants and infants with chronic lung disease, together with the reportedly increased risk of sudden unexplained death within the latter group, suggests that control of breathing is affected by both maturation and disease. Clinical observations are supported by formal comparison of tidal breathing parameters and control of breathing indices in the research setting. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006; 41:391–419. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subjective pain experience of people with chronic back pain
Authors: De Souza Lorraine H , Frank Andrew O 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeStudies into the effect of pain experience on those who have it have largely focused on the views and interpretations of researchers gained by the use of assessment tools aimed at measuring pain. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe pain, as experienced by those with chronic back pain, and to document ‘insider’ accounts of how pain is perceived and understood by those who have it.MethodUnstructured interviews using the framework approach. Subjects were sampled for age, sex, ethnicity and occupation, from new referrals with back pain to a rheumatology outpatient clinic. Eleven subjects (5 M; 6 F) agreed to be interviewed. Interviews were unstructured, but followed a topic guide. Subjects were interviewed in English (nine) or their preferred language (two). Tape‐recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and read in depth twice to identify the topics or concepts. Data were extracted in the form of words and phrases by use of thematic content analysis. The themes were pain description and amount of pain. An independent researcher reviewed the data and confirmed or contended the analysis.ResultsAll subjects, except one, provided descriptors of the quality of their pain. The use of simile was common to emphasize both what the pain was, and what it was not. Five subjects expressed a loss of words in trying to describe their pain. Only 13 of 29 different pain descriptors used were commensurate with those in the McGill Pain Questionnaire (Melzack, 1983). Subjects had great difficulty quantifying their pain intensity. Several explained how the pain fluctuated, thus, quantifying pain at one point in time was problematic. Only one subject offered a numerical description of pain intensity.ConclusionsSubjects provided graphic and in‐depth descriptions of their pain experience, but these bore little resemblance to commonly used assessment tools. The findings challenge the appropriateness of such formal instruments. Copyright © 2000 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Cervicocephalic kinaesthesia: reliability of a new test approach
Authors: Kristjansson Eythor , Dall'alba Paul , Jull Gwendolen 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBackground and PurposeRelocating either the natural head posture (NHP) or predetermined points in range are clinical tests of impaired neck proprioception but memory might influence these tests. Three new tests, reasoned to be more challenging for the proprioceptive system, were developed. The objectives were to assess the reliability of all tests and whether the three new tests were more challenging for the proprioceptive system.MethodA test–retest design was used to assess the reproducibility and errors of all five tests. Twenty asymptomatic volunteers were assessed a week apart, using an electromagnetic movement sensor system, the 3‐Space Fastrak. A measure of error magnitude was used to detect kinaesthetic sensibility. Comparison of the means and their corresponding dispersion were analysed descriptively. The between‐day intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated and plots of mean differences between days 1 and 2 were conducted to estimate test reliability. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) pairwise comparisons were performed to compare the test accuracy between different target positions.ResultsICCs were between 0.35 and 0.9, but plotting the data modified the interpretation in some tests. Relocating a NHP was easier when the trunk was in a neutral position than when pre‐rotated (error 2.46° (±0.2°) versus 5.95° (±0.7°). Relocating a 30° rotation position (error 5.8° (±0.6°) and repeatedly moving through a target (error 4.82° (±0.7°) was also difficult.ConclusionsThe new tests were more challenging than relocating the NHP but the reliability of tests relocating uncommon positions was questionable. Copyright © 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Crystal structure of axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) liver bile acid‐binding protein bound to cholic and oleic acid
Authors: Capaldi Stefano , Guariento Mara , Perduca Massimiliano , Di Pietro Santiago M. , Santomé José A. , Monaco Hugo L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe family of the liver bile acid‐binding proteins (L‐BABPs), formerly called liver basic fatty acid‐binding proteins (Lb‐FABPs) shares fold and sequence similarity with the paralogous liver fatty acid‐binding proteins (L‐FABPs) but has a different stoichiometry and specificity of ligand binding. This article describes the first X‐ray structure of a member of the L‐BABP family, axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) L‐BABP, bound to two different ligands: cholic and oleic acid. The protein binds one molecule of oleic acid in a position that is significantly different from that of either of the two molecules that bind to rat liver FABP. The stoichiometry of binding of cholate is of two ligands per protein molecule, as observed in chicken L‐BABP. The cholate molecule that binds buried most deeply into the internal cavity overlaps well with the analogous bound to chicken L‐BABP, whereas the second molecule, which interacts with the first only through hydrophobic contacts, is more external and exposed to the solvent. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.