bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF A SEROLOGICAL DETERMINANT OF H‐Y ANTIGEN: EVIDENCE FOR CARBOHYDRATE SPECIFICITY USING AN H‐Y SPECIFIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY
Authors: Shapiro Mark , Goldberg Ellen H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYUsing a monoclonal antibody to H‐Y antigen we characterized the molecular determinant responsible for H‐Y reactivity. H‐Y‐positive cells were treated with enzymes which alter carbohydrate structure and then were tested for their ability to absorb monoclonal anti‐H‐Y antibody. Indications are that the serological determinant recognized by this antibody is a glycoconjugate containing terminal non‐reducing and internal galactosyl residues.
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY IN THE BABOON (PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS): EXAMINATION OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT AND FETAL LYMPHOID CELLS
Authors: Boldt D. H. , Fischbach M. , Kuehl T. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYWe studied structural and functional characteristics of lymphocytes from adult and fetal baboons (Papio cynocephalus). Flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies to human lymphocyte antigens and plant lectins was used to define expression of surface antigens on lymphocytes from adult and 140 day fetal baboons (term = 180 days). Major T cell antigenic determinants on adult and fetal baboon lymphocytes were the Tp50, Tp32‐45, and p45 glycoproteins detected by monoclonal reagents T11, OKT8, and OKT10 respectively. Baboon T lymphocytes did not react with the OKT3/anti‐Leu4 or OKT4/ anti‐Leu3a reagents which detect, respectively, Tp19‐29 and Tp55, major surface glycoproteins on human T lymphocytes. OKT6, which identifies the human TL antigen equivalent on thymocytes, did not react with baboon thymocytes. These data demonstrate major evolutionary divergence between human and baboon T lymphocytes. By contrast, baboon lymphocytes resembled human peripheral lymphocytes in reactivities with several non‐T cell reagents. Lectin binding studies revealed substantially fewer peanut agglutinin‐and wheat germ agglutinin‐binding cells in suspensions of baboon fetal splenocytes and adult peripheral lymphocytes compared with fetal thymocytes. Thereffore, maturation of baboon T lymphocytes is associated with loss of surface carbohydrate structures that bind these lectins. Adult and fetal baboon lymphocytes resembled human and murine lymphocytes in their capabilities to respond to mitogens and to produce interleukin‐2. As in oter species, adult, but not fetal baboon lymphocytes, mediated NK activity against a variety of nucleated target cells. Despite divergence in lymphocyte antigen epression, babbon lymphocyte functional development colsely parallels that seen in humans.
AN ANTIBODY TO HUMAN THYMIC HASSALL'S BODY EPITHELIUM RECOGNIZES A SUBSET OF BLOOD GROUP A ANTIGENS
Authors: Telen Marilyn J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYTE‐19, a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) against thymic Hassall's body epithelium, was investigated because of its cross‐reactivity with human erythrocytes. Antibody TE‐19 was found to react only with group A erythrocytes, though it reacted with Hassall's body epithelium from donors of all blood group phenotypes. TE‐19 antibody bound preferentially to cells of subgroup A1 and reacted only weakly with A2 and Aint erythrocytes. Although it apparently bound to A antigen with both glycolipid and glycoprotein backbones, TE‐19 antibody only reacted with A antigenic moieties containing long or branched chain structures. Analysis of TE‐19 reactivity with erythrocyte membrane components using electroblotting and immunostaining techniques showed antibody reactivity with components migrating in the areas of band 4.5 and just ahead of the dye front, consistent with membrane glycolipid. It is possible that all human thymic Hassall's bodies contain epithelial cells which, irrespective of the donor's erythrocyte blood group, bear a carbohydrate antigen similar to A antigen.
SPECIFICITY OF ALLOACTIVATED HUMAN T LYMPHOCYTE CLONES IN SECONDARY PROLIFERATION, CELL‐MEDIATED LYMPHOLYSIS AND INTERLEUKIN‐2 RELEASE
Authors: And Adriana Zeevi , Duquesnoy Rene J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAlloreactive cytolytic T cell clones were generated from mixed leucocyte reactions (MLRs) between unrelated individuals. Two clones exhibited proliferative responses specific for class I HLA antigens B21 and B17. They were also found to be cytolytic toward cells bearing these HLA‐B antigens as measured in cell‐mediated lympholysis (CML) assays. Four clones exhibited primed lymphocyte test (PLT) and CML activity specific for various class II HLA antigens, namely DR1, DR5, DQw3 and DRw53. For each of these six clones, the CML specificity was identical to the PLT specificity. Both class I and class II specific clones released interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) upon restimulation with irradiated cells carrying the relevant HLA specificity. This stimulator‐induced IL‐2 release showed the same specificity pattern as that observed in the PLT assay. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibition studies on alloreactive T cell clones showed similar inhibition profiles of PLT, CML and IL‐2 release assays. These findings suggest that cytolytic activity, secondary proliferation and IL‐2 release by alloactivated T cells may be induced by the same HLA encoded determinant.
SEROLOGICALLY H‐Y ANTIGEN‐NEGATIVE XO MICE
Authors: Wiberg Ulf H. , Mayerová Antonia 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYIn a series of six independent experiments organ homogenates of 35 mice of the XX, XO or XY sex chromosome constitutions were absorbed using three different anti‐H‐Y antisera raised in inbred female LEW rats. Residual activities of absorbed antisera were tested in the Raji cell, complement‐dependent, cytotoxicity test. Homogenates of various tissues, including the gonads, of XX and XO females were equally unable to absorb H‐Y antibodies, indicating that tissues of these mice do not carry the H‐Y antigen. In contrast, XY male homogenates fully absorbed H‐Y antibodies of antisera at concentrations of ½ to 1/4. We discuss our findings with special attention to the problem of the existence of one or more H‐Y antigens and, to the genetic regultion of the expression of this antigen.
PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AGAINST RT2 ANTIGENS OF THE RAT AND THE DEFINITION OF A NEW LOCUS, RT9, LINKED TO RT2
Authors: Kunz Heinz W. , Misra Dhirendra N. , Gill,III Thomas J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYEfforts were made to generate hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against the RT2a, RT2b and RT3a antigens of the rat. While a number of hybridomas from each of five different fusions was found to produce antibodies against the RT2b antigen, no hybridoma producing antibody to the RT2a antigen could be detected among those generated in six different fusions. No stable hybridoma secreting antibody specific for the RT3a antigen could be established in three different fusions, although one positive culture was detected. In the course of this work, a monoclonal antibody against a new antigenic specificity was detected in one of the two strain combinations in which the anti‐RT2b antibodies were raised. The locus controlling this antigen, which was designated RT9, maps 4.9 (2.2‐12.6) cM from RT2.
NO INTERACTION BETWEEN HLA AND IMMUNOGLOBULIN IgG HEAVY CHAIN ALLOTYPES IN EARLY ONSET TYPE 1 DIABETES
Authors: Bertrams J. , Baur M. P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYImmunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes are often discussed as susceptibility genes for insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in addition to HLA‐DR3 and DR4. Accordingly we analysed 175 unrelated patients for an interaction between immunoglobulin allotype antigens (Gm) and HLA. While DR3 and DR4 antigens and DR3/DR4 heterozygotes occur significantly more often among diabetics than among normal controls, their Gm allotype frequencies are very similar. An interaction between special Gm allotypes and phenotypes, on the one side, and DR3, DR4 or DR3, 4 on the other side could not be demonstrated.
THE ARRANGEMENT OF H‐2 CLASS I GENES IN MOUSE t HAPLOTYPES
Authors: Rogers John H. , Lyon Mary F. , Willison Keith R. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe t haplotypes of mouse chromosome 17 bear a number of interesting mutations and rearrangements, some of which map close to the H‐2 complex. Since there are many H‐2 class I genes of unknown function, we have investigated their arrangement in t haplotypes using genomic Southern blots. We present a detailed chart of the H‐2w30(tw12) complex, and compare it with the arrangement in other t haplotypes and standard mouse haplotypes. The chart shows duplications, deletions, and reshuffling of conserved and divergent regions. The two major features of the t arrangement‐large deletions in the Qa and Tla regions–have analogues in some standard strains, so it is unlikely that these deletions are responsible for t‐specific phenotypes. The differences between t and standard mouse strains are similar, in nature and in degree, to those between different standard strains.
IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPES IN A CHINESE POPULATION: COMPARISON OF HAPLOTYPE FREQUENCIES WITH OTHER ASIAN GROUPS
Authors: Lange Gerda de , Fa‐Ming Zhong , Henke Jürgen , Feng Zongchen , Bernhardt Ralph , van Leeuwen Fred , van Eede Peter 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYTwo groups of Chinese individuals of the city of Wuhan in the People's Republic of China, consisting of 98 blood bank donors and 278 workers in a steel factory, respectively, have been typed for G1m, G2m, G3m, A2m and Km allotypes. The Gm‐A2m haplotype frequencies as well as the Km gene frequencies appeared to be quite similar in these two groups of people, the main haplotypes being Gmaf;n;b A2m2 and Gmza…;g A2m1. After joining the data of the two groups, the frequencies of the main Gm haplotypes and the A2m and Km gene frequencies have been compared with those of six other Asian populations. In Asia, going from the south to the north, an increasing frequency of Gmza;…;g and a decreasing frequency of Gmaf;n;b were observed. The frequencies found in the investigated Chinese population lie between the frequencies found in the Chinese from Taiwan and the Japanese.
PREFERENTIAL PATERNAL TRANSMISSION OF THE DIABETOGENIC SUPRATYPE MARKED BY HLA B18 BfF1 DR3
Authors: Kay P. H. , And A. N. Wilton , Dawkins R. L. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYExamination of transmission of the diabetogenic supratype B18 BfF1 DR3 revealed that this supratype is inherited more frequently than expected from fathers. These data suggest an explanation for increased susceptibility to development and earlier onset of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in offspring of diabetic fathers.
MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF A CASE OF IgA2 DEFICIENCY
Authors: Oliviero S. , DeMarchi M. , Bast B. J. E. G. , Zegers B. J. M. , Van Loghem E. , De Lange G. , Carbonara O. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYA family with two members with selective IgA2 deficiency was analysed by direct gene analysis with different probes for the IgCH region. No gross gene deletions or rearrangements were detected. Genetic analysis based on serological and molecular markers did not rule out linkage with the IgCH region. However, a defect of other genes not linked to the Ig heavy chain region and controlling the expression of IgA may be possible as well.
PREFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF CATFISH LIGHT CHAIN IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPES IN ANTI‐DINITROPHENYL ANTIBODIES
Authors: Lobb C. J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYPrevious studies indicated that immunoglobulins of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, contained two distinct isotypes of light chains. These different light chains, designated F and G, are reminiscent of κ and λ light chains of higher animals. This study was undertaken to establish whether or not there was preferential expression of one of the light chains in antibodies induced to the dinitrophenyl moiety during the course of the catfish humoral antibody response. The results indicated that, although antibody produced very early (1‐2 weeks) after primary immunization contained significant amounts (∼20%) of G light chains, the vast majority (∼90%) of antibody produced later (3 weeks through 1 year) was of the F isotype. Thus fish, as well as higher vertebrates, can express different isotypes of antibody during the immune response.
ASSOCIATION OF BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS‐ INDUCED HYPERSENSITIVITY TO SEROTONIN WITH THE H‐2 GENE COMPLEX
Authors: Teuscher C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSusceptibility to Bordetella pertussis‐induced sensitivity to serotonin was found to be associated with the H‐2 gene complex in mice. H‐2 congenic and independent strains which possess the H‐2b and H‐2s haplotypes were susceptible to serotonin sensitization by pertussigen (P‐HSF) while mice with the H‐2k and H‐2d haplotypes were resistant. The gene or genes which control susceptibility were found to map to the H‐2SbDb end of the H‐2 complex; susceptibility appears to be inherited as a co‐dominant trait. These findings indicate that HLA typing may be of value in predicting or interpreting possible adverse reactions to pertussis vaccine or infection in humans.
A NOVEL MHC CLASS I MOLECULE AS A TUMOUR‐SPECIFIC ANTIGEN
Authors: Philipps C. , Stauss H. J. , Wortzel R. D. , Schreiber H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYUltraviolet tight (UV)‐induced tumours in mice are often highly immunogenic and have unique (individually specific) antigens which cause tumour rejection in normal mice. The molecular nature of these unique ‘rejection’ or ‘transplantation’ antigens is not known. We have recently isolated a syngeneic monoclonal antibody (mAb), CP28, that recognizes a unique tumour‐specific antigen on the UV‐induced regressor tumour 1591‐RE. Further analysis revealed that the antibody‐recognized antigen represents a novel major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. However, the relationship of this molecule to the unique T cell‐recognized antigen that causes tumour rejection remained unresolved. In this study we have explored the relationship of the antibody‐defined tumour‐specific novel class I molecule to the rejection antigen, that we have previously defined with a cytolytic T cell (CTL) clone (‘anti‐A’). Two different lines of evidence suggested a close relationship. First, it was found that random subclones of the 1591‐RE tumour expressed different levels of the CP28‐defined antigen which correlated with the level of lysis by the anti‐A CTL clone. Second, the selection of antigen‐loss variants using either the anti‐A CTL clone or the mAb CP28 resulted in the simultaneous loss of both the CP28 as well as the ‘A’ antigen. This tight correlation strongly suggests a relationship between the antibody‐defined and the T cell‐defined antigen. However, the role of the antibody‐recognized antigen in causing transplantation rejection still needs to be determined.
ISOLATION OF THE MHC GENES ENCODING THE TUMOUR‐SPECIFIC CLASS I ANTIGENS EXPRESSED ON A MURINE FIBROSARCOMA
Authors: Stauss H. J. , Linsk R. , Fischer A. , Watts S. , Banasiak D. , Haberman A. , Clark I. , Forman J. , McMillan M. , Schreiber H. , Goodenow R. S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe C3H UV‐induced fibrosarcoma, 1591, is highly immunogenic and, therefore, is readily rejected when transplanted into immunocompetent syngeneic recipients. Previous analysis of 1591 with tumour‐specific or H‐2‐reactive monoclonal antibodies revealed that this antigenicity might be due to the expression of two novel class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. In this report we describe the molecular cloning and initial characterization of three genes which account for all of the unique serological class I reactivities observed on this tumour. These include two distinct, but highly conserved, H‐2L‐like genes, and a third gene the product of which bears determinants which are characteristic of both the tumour and of class I products of the H‐2k haplotype. Moreover, each of these genes contains a polymorphic restriction enzyme fragment which is detected in the class I sequences of 1591 relative to normal C3H tissue. Since the expression of these polymorphic class I sequences is relevant to the immunogenicity of 1591, the mutational events by which these genes were generated may be significant to the immunobiology of this tumour.
ABERRANT H‐2‐LIKE ALLOSPECIFICITIES ON K36.16 THYMOMA
Authors: Festenstein H. , Hut K. M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe K36.16 thymoma expresses an H‐2Dd‐like allospecilicity as detected by the 34‐5‐8 monoclonal antibody directed against H‐2Dd using immunoprecipitation techniques. This monoclonal antibody gives a negative result by radio‐immune assay but other anti‐Dd antibodies react positively with this tumour. These results confirm and extend previous observations and are attributed to probable gene‐conversion events possibly involving a donor gene from the QafTla region, the products of which cross‐react with Dd.
STRUCTURAL VARIATIONS IN THE H‐2 GENES OF AKR LYMPHOMAS
Authors: Hui K. , Minamide L. , Prandoni N. , Festenstein H. , Grosveld F. G. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYK36.16 is an AKR H‐2k thymoma which expresses an aberrant H‐2Dd‐like allospecificity, does not have a detectable amount of the H‐2Kk syngeneic antigen and grows very easily in syngeneic mice. By DNA‐mediated gene transfer experiments, we were able to obtain transformed clones which do express the H‐2Kk molecules and are rejected by AKR mice. Southern hybridization was performed to assess whether any gross changes had occurred in the K36.16 H‐2K locus or elsewhere in the MHC, which might explain the lack of H‐2K expression and/or the presence of the aberrant H‐2Dd‐like allospecificity. Specific H‐2 class I DNA probes were used to compare the K36.16 genomic DNA with normal AKR thymus DNA after digestion with a variety of restriction enzymes. After hybridization with the pH‐2IIa probe a 2.8 kb ‘Hind III’ fragment was identified in the K36.16 genomic DNA which is absent from AKR DNA. The pH‐2IIa probe detects the third, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of class I genes. Although these changes are indicative of MHC genome modifications it is not yet possible to link these specific Southern blot pattern variations with the phenotypic changes mentioned above.
EXPERIMENTAL STRATEGIES AND INTERPRETATIONS IN THE ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN MHC GENE EXPRESSION DURING TUMOUR PROGRESSION
Authors: Ljunggren H.‐G. , Kärre K. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe RBL‐5 lymphoma has previously been shown to be highly sensitive to natural hybrid resistance, under the control of H‐2 genes at the host level. The present study of the RBL‐5 tumour was focused on progression towards disseminated growth after intravenous (i.v.) inoculation in the syngeneic host and the possible influence of the MHC genes at the tumour cell level. Data are presented to illustrate that there is no obligatory association between reduced H‐2 expression and increased malignancy, and that the opposite may be observed. The wild type RBL‐5 line expressed readily detectable H‐2K and H‐2D products, and a highly malignant subline selected for lung colonization in vivo did not show any reduction but rather enhanced expression of these antigens. Depending on the inoculum size, this selected subline caused disseminated lymphoma (in the liver, spleen and lungs) at a faster rate or higher frequency of animals than the wild type line. Conversely, a subline selected for reduced H‐2 expression in vitro, by repeated treatments with antibody and complement, failed to form colonies in any organ after i.v. inoculation, even if the cell dose was increased by more than 100‐fold in comparison with the threshold dose for the wild type tine. This H‐2‐deficient subline was completely resistant to syngeneic RBL‐5 immune cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Clones isolated during selection of the subline showed different degrees of reduction in sensitivity to H‐2 specific CTL, but an inverse pattern of sensitivity to poly I: C induced natural killer (NK) cells. Selection pressure imposed by NK‐mediated elimination directed preferentially against cells with reduced H‐2 expression may be one explanation of why the gain of histocompatibility antigens is associated with tumour progression in some systems. Another important implication taken up for discussion is that tests for the effect of MHC modulation on tumour growth or immunotherapy require careful experimental design, to cover the action of different effector mechanisms in viva
MATERNAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPE (GM AND KM) AND NEONATAL GROUP B STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION
Authors: Thom H. , Lloyd D. L. , Reid T. M. S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYGm and Km(1) allotypes in 37 mothers of neonates with severe Group B streptococcal (GBS) infection were compared with 115 mothers of non‐infected infants, 36 of whom were known to be colonized with GBS. Deficits in Glm(1) and Km(l), and an increased incidence of G2m(23), were found in mothers of infected infants. Km(1) was associated mainly with the phenotype Gm(1, (2), 3, 17; 23; 5, 10, 11, 21) in mothers of infected infants while being uniformly distributed in mothers of non‐infected infants. This study would seem, therefore, to support reports of Gm and Km(1) allotype involvement in maternal response to GBS infection and immunity in the new‐born.
EQUINE T LYMPHOCYTES EXPRESS MHC CLASS II ANTIGENS
Authors: Crepaldi T. , Crump A. , Newman M. , Ferrone S. , Antczak D. F. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYSix anti‐HLA class II mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were used in conjunction with a rat monoclonal antibody raised against horse lymphocytes to define class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in the horse. By utilizing an ELISA assay and complement dependent lymphocytotoxicity assay, five out of the six anti‐HLA class II antibodies and the rat anti‐horse monoclonal antibody were found to react with a high percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Flow cytometry demonstrated a variable antigen density on peripheral blood lymphocytes and clear evidence for expression by lymphocytes that carried no detectable surface immunoglobulin. None of the antibodies reacted with equine platelets. The mAbs immunoprecipitated an antigenic complex of M, 29,000‐33,000 from horse lymphocytes. It appears that the distribution of MHC class II antigens in the horse is different from that in man but is similar to that in the dog, since MHC class II antigens are expressed on resting peripheral blood lymphocytes which lack membrane‐bound immunoglobulins. Correlations between the distribution of MHC class II antigens on lymphocyte subpopulations and their role in immunological phenomena may contribute to our understanding of the functional properties of these molecules.
GENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIGENS ENCODED BY THE LY‐24 (Pgp‐1) LOCUS1
Authors: Sutton V. R. , Wijffels G. L. , Walker I. D. , Hogarth P. M. , McKenzie I. F. C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThree allele‐specific monoclonal antibodies to Pgp‐1 (Ly‐24) were used to biochemically characterize the cell surface structures with which they reacted and to map the gene(s) coding for these antigens. The targets of these three monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were shown to be encoded by a gene situated on chromosome 2 close to β2m [gene order (Pgp‐1‐β2m‐a)] and no recombination between the loci detected by the three antibodies was revealed by genetic analysis. The genetic mapping of loci and tissue distribution of these antigens suggested that they might all correspond to a particular allelic form of the mouse phagocyte glycoprotein‐1 (Pgp‐1) antigen. Biochemical and serological analysis confirmed that this was indeed the case and revealed that all three mAbs were directed to one epitope. It is surprising that the tissue distribution defined by one mAb (Ly‐24A) was different from that for the two other (Ly‐24B) antibodies, despite the serological and biochemical identity of their respective targets. The possible reason for this unusual finding is discussed.