bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-based assessment of tongue thickness for prediction of difficult laryngoscopy and intubation
Authors: Furia Jhanvi Sunil , Nadkarni Manali Mohan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Predicting difficult airway and preparedness for the same can help prevent catastrophic situations while handling the airway. With the increasing familiarity of anaesthesiologists to the use of ultrasound machine and its easy availability and non-invasiveness, we sought to study its utility in airway assessment, by measuring the thickness of tongue, to predict difficult laryngoscopy and intubation.

Material and Methods:
A total of 85 patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation were examined preoperatively. Tongue thickness was measured using submental ultrasonography in the median sagittal plane along with other tests of airway assessment. Cormack Lehane grade on laryngoscopy and Intubation Difficulty Scale Score was recorded. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy was calculated for tongue thickness for predicting difficult intubation.

Results:
The tongue thickness in those with difficult intubation (4.83 ± 0.62) was significantly higher than those without difficult intubation (4.38 ± 0.65). The ratio of tongue thickness to thyromental distance was also significantly higher in difficult intubation group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting difficult laryngoscopy and intubation was higher for tongue thickness as compared to other clinical parameters. The sensitivity and specificity of tongue thickness to predict difficult laryngoscopy was 100% and 83%, respectively, and to predict difficult intubation was 72% and 59%, respectively, with an accuracy of 72%.

Conclusion:
Ultrasound based assessment of tongue thickness can be a useful predictor of difficult airway along with clinical assessment of the airway.
Pudilan Anti-inflammatory Oral Liquid and Organic Acid Component from Taraxaci Herba Attenuate Allergic Asthma in Young Mice Through Toll-like Receptor 2/Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Mao Yu-Zhi , Li Chen-Zi , Bu Wei-Quan , Yang Bing , Chen Ya-Ping , Liu Jun , Zhao Jing , Sun E , Jia Xiao-Bin , Feng Liang 
Published: April 2024

Objective:
Allergic asthma (AA) is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Pudilan anti-inflammatory oral liquid (PDL), along with its main medicinal material, Taraxaci Herba (Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz, TH), has been widely used to treat upper respiratory tract infections. Research has shown that the major ingredient of TH, the organic acid component (OAC), possesses favorable AA activity. However, the attenuated effects of PDL and OAC from TH (TH-OAC) on AA and their possible mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study analyzed the attenuating effects of PDL and TH-OAC on AA and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods:
Young BALB/c mice were sensitized and stimulated to develop asthma using ovalbumin. Histological examinations were performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and protein expression detection of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3) were performed to detect the presence of inflammatory components in the lung tissue. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Results showed that PDL and TH-OAC alleviated augmented AHR and typical asthmatic pathological changes, including inflammatory infiltration and thickening of the alveolar wall. They also significantly reduced the levels of the immunoglobulin E, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and Nitric oxide (NO) in lung tissues of mice. Protein and mRNA expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, and ORMDL3 were downregulated following treatment with PDL and TH-OAC.

Conclusions:
PDL and TH-OAC can reduce asthma-induced inflammatory damage to the bronchi. These results provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of asthma in clinical settings.
Li coefficients and the quadrilateral zeta function
Authors: Bllaca Kajtaz H. , Mazhouda Kamel , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this note, we study the Li coefficients
$\lambda _{n,a}$
for the quadrilateral zeta function. Furthermore, we give an arithmetic and asymptotic formula for these coefficients. Especially, we show that for any fixed
$n \in {\mathbb {N}}$
, there exists
$a>0$
such that
$\lambda _{2n-1,a}> 0$
and
$\lambda _{2n,a} < 0$
.
THE ROLE OF THE LOW FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE COMMON SHOULDER JOINT LESIONS
Authors: Bahomail Ahmed Awadh 
Published: April 2024

This article reviews the role of the low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with magnetic field strengths of 0.4 Tesla in the evaluation of the main pathologic conditions of the shoulder joint commonly encountered in clinical practice. Shoulder pain is a common clinical complaint that may be caused by abnormalities of the rotator cuff tendon, labrum and a variety of other pathological conditions. The differential diagnosis is extensive and includes tendinosis and rotator cuff pathology, instability, labral lesions, biceps disorders, radiculopathy, and thoracic outlet syndrome. In older patients, arthritis may even be a factor. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic confidence of an open low field MRI in patients with shoulder joint pain. Our data was obtained from 40 patients: 24 Male (60%) and 16-Female (40%). Their ages ranged between 17 and 70 years. All patients were investigated by conventional X-rays and MRI in the medical diagnostic center of Aden Resonance in Al-Mansoura district in Aden city. MRI was performed at an open 0. 4 Tesla MR-unit (Hitachi - Japan-Aperto Lucent). The study protocol comprised axial, sagittal & coronal STIR-T2 and T1 weighted images of 3-4 mm thickness. 55 patients (52.4%) were investigated by high field MRI 1. 5 T (Neusoft) as a reference method.
An improved BRDF hotspot model and its use in VLIDORT for studying the impact of atmospheric scattering on hotspot directional signatures in the atmosphere
Authors: Xiong Xiaozhen , Liu Xu , Spurr Robert , Zhao Ming , Yang Qiguang , Wu Wan , Lei Liqiao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The term “hotspot” refers to the sharp increase in the reflectance occurring when incident (solar) and reflected (viewing) directions almost coincide in the backscatter direction. The accurate simulation of hotspot directional signatures is important for many remote sensing applications. The RossThick–LiSparse–Reciprocal (RTLSR) bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model is widely used in radiative transfer simulations, and the hotspot model mostly used is from Maignan–Bréon, but it typically requires large values of numerical quadrature and Fourier expansion terms in order to represent the hotspot accurately for its use coupled with atmospheric radiative transfer modeling (RTM). In this paper, we have developed a modified version based on the Maignan–Bréon's hotspot BRDF model that converges much faster numerically, making it more practical for use in the RTMs that require Fourier expansion of BRDF to simulate the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) hotspot signatures, such as in the RTM models using the Doubling–Adding or discrete ordinate method. Using the vector linearized discrete ordinate radiative transfer model (VLIDORT), we found that reasonable TOA–hotspot accuracy can be obtained with just 23 Fourier terms for clear atmosphere and 63 Fourier terms for atmosphere with aerosol scattering. In order to study the impact of molecular and aerosol scattering on hotspot signatures, we carried out a number of hotspot signature simulations with VLIDORT. We confirmed that (1) atmospheric molecule scattering and the existence of aerosol tend to smooth out the hotspot signature at the TOA and that (2) the hotspot signature at the TOA in the near-infrared is larger than in the visible, and its impact by surface reflectance is more significant. As the hotspot amplitude at the TOA with aerosol scattering included is smaller than that with molecular scattering only, the amplitude of hotspot signature at the surface is likely underestimated in the previous analysis based on the POLDER measurements, where the atmospheric correction was based on a single-scatter Rayleigh-only calculation. This modified model can calculate the amplitude of the hotspot accurately, and, as it agrees very well with the original RossThick model away from the hotspot region, this model can be simply used in conditions with and without hotspots. However, there are some differences in this modified model compared to the original Maignan–Bréon model for the scattering angles close to the hotspot point; thus, it may not be appropriate for those who need an exact representation of the hotspot angular signature.
Assimilation of satellite swaths versus daily means of sea ice concentration in a regional coupled ocean–sea ice model
Authors: Durán Moro Marina , Sperrevik Ann Kristin , Lavergne Thomas , Bertino Laurent , Gusdal Yvonne , Iversen Silje Christine , Rusin Jozef 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Operational forecasting systems routinely assimilate daily means of sea ice concentration (SIC) from microwave radiometers in order to improve the accuracy of the forecasts. However, the temporal and spatial averaging of the individual satellite swaths into daily means of SIC entails two main drawbacks: (i) the spatial resolution of the original product is blurred (especially critical in periods with strong sub-daily sea ice movement), and (ii) the sub-daily frequency of passive microwave observations in the Arctic are not used, providing less temporal resolution in the data assimilation (DA) analysis and, therefore, in the forecast. Within the SIRANO (Sea Ice Retrievals and data Assimilation in NOrway) project, we investigate how challenges (i) and (ii) can be avoided by assimilating individual satellite swaths (level 3 uncollated) instead of daily means (level 3) of SIC. To do so, we use a regional configuration of the Barents Sea (2.5 km grid) based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE) together with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) as the DA system. The assimilation of individual swaths significantly improves the EnKF analysis of SIC compared to the assimilation of daily means; the mean absolute difference (MAD) shows a 10 % improvement at the end of the assimilation period and a 7 % improvement at the end of the 7 d forecast period. This improvement is caused by better exploitation of the information provided by the SIC swath data, in terms of both spatial and temporal variance, compared to the case when the swaths are combined to form a daily mean before assimilation.
Machine learning methods to improve spatial predictions of coastal wind speed profiles and low-level jets using single-level ERA5 data
Authors: Hallgren Christoffer , Aird Jeanie A. , Ivanell Stefan , Körnich Heiner , Vakkari Ville , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Pryor Sara C. , Sahlée Erik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Observations of the wind speed at heights relevant for wind power are sparse, especially offshore, but with emerging aid from advanced statistical methods, it may be possible to derive information regarding wind profiles using surface observations. In this study, two machine learning (ML) methods are developed for predictions of (1) coastal wind speed profiles and (2) low-level jets (LLJs) at three locations of high relevance to offshore wind energy deployment: the US Northeastern Atlantic Coastal Zone, the North Sea, and the Baltic Sea. The ML models are trained on multiple years of lidar profiles and utilize single-level ERA5 variables as input. The models output spatial predictions of coastal wind speed profiles and LLJ occurrence. A suite of nine ERA5 variables are considered for use in the study due to their physics-based relevance in coastal wind speed profile genesis and the possibility to observe these variables in real-time via measurements. The wind speed at 10 ma.s.l. and the surface sensible heat flux are shown to have the highest importance for both wind speed profile and LLJ predictions. Wind speed profile predictions output by the ML models exhibit similar root mean squared error (RMSE) with respect to observations as is found for ERA5 output. At typical hub heights, the ML models show lower RMSE than ERA5 indicating approximately 5 % RMSE reduction. LLJ identification scores are evaluated using the symmetric extremal dependence index (SEDI). LLJ predictions from the ML models outperform predictions from ERA5, demonstrating markedly higher SEDIs. However, optimization utilizing the SEDI results in a higher number of false alarms when compared to ERA5.
Digital Technology: Research on the Construction and Application of Blended Teaching Curriculum of Practical Physical Education Classroom Teaching Skills in the Big Data Background
Authors: Pengfei Chen, Zhibing Zou, Nianmao Li Wenxing Tan, 
Published: April 2024

Big data is bringing discipline to education. Under the guidance of digital technology, education has ushered in the upsurge of digital reform, digital course teaching has gradually entered the public's vision, and the upsurge of digital course open education is coming. The paper adopts the research methods of literature, field investigation and logical analysis, and takes the construction of digital curriculum mixed teaching course based on the platform of Superstar Learning as the research object. This paper constructs the curriculum construction ideas in three stages of "pre-class, mid-class and after-class", and draws the following conclusions through the research of blended teaching curriculum practice in the big date background: Build digital media teaching resource library, record multi-platform online teaching videos, practice dual-track mixed teaching, pre-set interactive classroom teaching activities, after-school homework to consolidate and improve classroom learning, online examination to achieve teaching effect evaluation and feedback, etc. And summed up four practical experiences of multi-style one-click check-in function to help class attendance, interactive teaching activity function to achieve subject participation, paperless online evaluation function to detect learning effect, digital courses to break the limitation of time and space. Digital technology improves the convenience of course teaching and forms a visual teaching effect. Digital technology provides new ideas for digital curriculum teaching. The existence of digital curriculum provides more possibilities for personalized learning, while hybrid teaching promotes the interaction and cooperation between students and teachers. Build an online learning platform based on big data to support computer technology, and guide students to conduct simulation and practice in the teaching process.
Performance of Modular Multilevel Converter in Electric Vehicles Charging Station
Authors: P.V.S.Aditya, Md. Mustafa S.Jaanaa Rubavathy, 
Published: April 2024

The awareness of air pollution is the main reason for the development of Electric Vehicles. Hence, the many number of Electric vehicle connected to grid produce power quality problem in conversion of AC-DC. In this paper, to avoid this drawback, the MATLAB/SIMULINK model of Modular Multi Level Converter is implemented in charging station. MMC not only provide bidirectional flow but also improve power quality. The converter works on boost mode and buck mode. In G2V, the boost mode is for charging the battery of electric vehicle and buck mode is discharging the battery. For, the G2V, the buck mode reduces the voltage to charge the battery with current or voltage constant which is about the state of the charge of the battery. The out of the battery is pure dc with mmc which replace the filter also. It increases the life of the battery. The model of the MMC-based charger for electric vehicle was created in MATLAB/Simulink, and simulation results shows the output power of the MMC and circulation current is controlled.
استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لدعم ممارسات الاتصالات الحكومية تحليل من المستوى الثاني
Authors: السيد سالم شيماء 
Published: April 2024

تغير شكل ممارسات الاتصال الحكومي حول العالم، من خلال تبني أنماط الاتصال الرقمي، وخلق مفاهيم مبتكرة للممارسات لدي القائمين على الاتصال الحكومي؛ وترتكز هذه المفاهيم على التفاعلية، وتطوير المحتوى الإعلامي الرقمي، وتوظيف الموارد الرقمية لتطوير آليات العمل بما يزيد من كفاءة الأداء الاتصالي للمؤسسات الحكومية. لذا زاد اعتماد تلك المؤسسات على منصات التواصل الاجتماعي لدعم قيم الانفتاح والشفافية والتفاعلية، مما ساهم في زيادة مشاركة الجمهور في صنع القرارات الحكومية، وتحسين كفاءة ممارساتها الإدارية والاتصالية. تنتمي هذه الدراسة من حيث المنهج إلى دراسات تحليل المستوى الثاني Meta-Analysis ، وتسعى لتحليل نماذج من البحوث العربية والأجنبية في مجال استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي لدعم الاتصالات المؤسسية الحكومية (59 بحثاً في الفترة ما بين عام 2010 إلى عام 2021 (، وذلك بهدف رصد التطورات العلمية والنتائج القيمة في هذا المجال، والتعرف على المناهج والأطر النظرية والمعرفية التي اعتمد عليها، في محاولة لتقديم رؤية مقترحة لتطوير البحوث العربية في هذا المجال على مستوى أجندة القضايا البحثية، الأطر النظرية، والمناهج والأدوات البحثية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي؛ الاتصال المؤسسي؛ الاتصال الحكومي؛ الاتصال الرقمي؛ تحليل من المستوى الثاني.
Penguatan Kompetensi Santri Melalui Pendidikan Kewirausahaan: Sebuah Literature Review
Authors: Siswantoro Siswantoro 
Published: April 2024

Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan memiliki potensi untuk diberdayakan. Salah satu usaha untuk memberdayakan pesantren adalah dengan membangun pendidikan pesantren yang berorientasi pada entrepreneurships untuk meningkatkan kompetensi lulusan pesantren. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyajikan informasi mengenai pemberdayaan pesantren melalui konsep pendidikan kewirausahaan dalam usaha meningkatkan kompetensi kewirausahaan santri. Metode penelitian berjenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan pesantren melalui konsep kewirausahaan telah banyak dilakukan di berbagai pesantren di Indonesia dan terbukti telah memberikan dampak positif bagi peningkatan kompetensi kewirausahaan santri dan kemandirian ekonomi pesantren. Pelaksanaan pendidikan kewirausahaan di pesantren dapat dilakukan melalui empat tahapan yaitu mengenali potensi usaha pesantren, penanaman modal, peningkatan kapabilitas pengurus pesantren, dan pendidikan kewirausahaan. Untuk mengimplementasikan pendidikan kewirausahaan pesantren diperlukan kontribusi dari berbagai stakeholder seperti pemerintah, swasta, masyarakat dan perguruan tinggi
Tecnologia de educação permanente para programas de residências em saúde de um hospital amazônico
Authors: Carvalho Hosana de Nazaré Miranda de , Freitas Kely Martins , Andrade Gizelle da Silva Azevedo de , Mota Andrezza Cristina Gomes de Souza , Cunha Gecila Amoedo da , Soeiro Ana Cristina Vidigal , Peixoto Ivonete Vieira Pereira , Ferreira Maria Goreth Silva , Pinto Sônia Cláudia Almeida , Pinhel Inahiá 
Published: April 2024

A Aliança Mundial de Saúde vem intensificando ações no mundo todo para a reduzir danos causados aos pacientes por cuidados inseguros, a grande maioria são evitáveis. Não obstante, a preocupação com a segurança do paciente tornou-se uma prioridade nas discussões de políticas e programas do setor de saúde. O estudo teve por objetivo descrever o percurso feito na construção de um projeto intervenção realizado por alunos de um curso de Desenvolvimento da Gestão de Programas de Residência e Preceptoria no Sistema Único de Saúde. operacionalizado entre fevereiro de 2022 e novembro de 2023, utilizou-se das Metodologias Ativas de Aprendizagem e do Ensino à Distância para o preenchimento de lacunas de conhecimento de residentes sobre os protocolos assistenciais de segurança do paciente. Uma tecnologia voltada para educação permanente sobre as 6 metas internacionais de segurança foi desenvolvida, testada e validada. Seu ponto de partida se deu, exclusivamente, no Serviço de Terapia Renal de uma Fundação Pública. O público-alvo foram preceptores, tutores e residentes dos programas de residência da área de atenção à saúde renal. Desenvolvido nas versões Segurança do Paciente 1.0 e 2.0. Apoiada, em 5 ciclos de melhorias do tipo Plan-Study-Act (PDSA) e outras ferramentas tais como: benchmark, brainstorm, lista de verificação e 5W2H. Identificou-se que o curso promoveu melhorias, redesenhou o cuidado por meio do ensino para melhorar a prática docente na preceptoria no SUS. Contudo percebeu-se que melhores resultados podem surgir se a participação do aluno ocorrer antes de seu primeiro contato com a prática de campo.
Grenzeloos toegang tot nationale wetgeving
Authors: van Opijnen M. 
Published: April 2024

Grenzeloos toegang tot nationale wetgeving. Over nut en noodzaak van Engelse vertalingen en interoperabiliteitsstandaarden
Anders dan inmiddels in een aantal andere landen gebruikelijk is, wordt onze wetgeving alleen in het Nederlands gepubliceerd. Dit vormt niet alleen een hindernis voor hier verblijvende mensen die onze taal niet machtig zijn, maar het zet Nederland ook op achterstand in de interstatelijke regelgevingsconcurrentie. In ‘Grenzeloos toegang tot nationale wetgeving. Over nut en noodzaak van Engelse vertalingen en interoperabiliteitsstandaarden’ onderzoekt de auteur allereerst het juridisch kader met betrekking tot de beschikbaarstelling van (naar het Engels) vertaalde regelgeving. Vervolgens beschrijft hij hoe ook internationale technische standaarden kunnen bijdragen aan een betere grensoverschrijdende doorzoekbaarheid van nationale wettendatabanken, onder meer met betrekking tot richtlijnimplementatie.
Perfil do absenteísmo-doença em um serviço de emergência hospitalar antes, durante e após a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriel Fernandes , Anastácio Fernanda Seidel , Paixão Miguel Lucas Silva da , Carvalho Silvia Cristina Garcia , Inchauspe Juciane Aparecida Furlan , Tavares Juliana Petri 
Published: April 2024

A enfermagem em serviços de emergência representa uma força de trabalho vulnerável ao adoecimento. Durante a pandemia, o risco de infecções e a elevada demanda de trabalho aumentou essa vulnerabilidade. Deve-se investigar o impacto após a pandemia. Avaliar o perfil do absenteísmo-doença nos períodos antes, durante e após a pandemia de COVID-19 em profissionais de enfermagem de um serviço de emergência. Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, quantitativo, desenvolvido no serviço de emergência de um hospital do sul do Brasil. Os dados foram disponibilizados pelo setor de medicina ocupacional, com uma amostra de 1357 afastamentos, de 146 profissionais de enfermagem. Período de março/2019 a maio/2022, perfazendo cortes temporais de “pré-pandemia”, “pandemia” e “pós-pandemia”. Realizadas análises descritivas e inferenciais. Seguiu-se preceitos éticos. CAAE: 69221923.0.0000.5327. Houve um aumento no absenteísmo ao longo dos períodos (p<0,001). A taxa de absenteísmo aumentou de 2,3% para 3,9% durante a pandemia, e manteve-se elevada (3,7%) após a pandemia (p<0,001). Covid-19 foi a causa mais prevalente de afastamento na pandemia (p<0,001), enquanto lesões osteomusculares foram a causa mais prevalente nos outros períodos (p=0,014). Os técnicos de enfermagem apresentaram mais afastamentos por lesões osteomusculares do que enfermeiros (p<0,001). Houve redução nos afastamentos por doenças cardiovasculares (p=0,028) e cirurgias (p=<0,001) durante e após a pandemia. Profissionais com mais de 54 anos apresentaram afastamentos mais longos que outras idades (p<0,001). Não houve variação nos afastamentos por adoecimento psicológico durante a pandemia. Pôde-se identificar um aumento significativo no adoecimento e afastamento dos profissionais durante a pandemia, que perdurou após a pandemia. Mudanças no perfil de absenteísmo que surgiram durante a pandemia não retornaram ao normal após a pandemia. Foi possível elucidar fatores sociodemográficos e laborais que influenciam no perfil de absenteísmo.