bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of Qishe™ for treating postoperative symptoms after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: zhang shuming , Zhou Xiaoning , Ye jie , xu jinhai , Mo wen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives: With the increasing incidence and surgical management of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, residual postoperative pain and numbness have become challenging problems. Investigation into reducing postoperative symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients who have undergone surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy is urgently required. Qishe™ is a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine, clinical trials have shown that it reduces limb numbness and pain in patients with cervical spondylosis. We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Qishe in improving postoperative symptoms after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
Methods: We have recruited 72 patients who underwent anterior cervical decompression and fusion in Longhua and Long March Hospitals from December 2019 to August 2020. The study patients were randomly divided into treatment (36 cases) and control groups (36). The treatment group received Qishe and the control group mecobalamin. Trained researchers evaluated the patients at the time of enrollment, and 2, 4, 6 months after surgery. The outcomes included Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, visual analogue scale, Neck Disability Index, 10-s grip and release test. Adverse reactions and postoperative complications were recorded.
Results: A total of 71 subjects were analyzed (36 subjects in the Qishe group, 35 subjects in the control group). We found that Qishe improved postoperative limb sensation and motor function and reduced severity of pain and cervical dysfunction index scores. Its clinical efficacy was not inferior to that of mecobalamin (P=0.437). There were no serious adverse events in either group.
Conclusion:Qishe is an effective and safe treatment for postoperative symptoms in patients who have undergone surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
Potential Roles of Cigarette Smoking on Gut Microbiota Profile among Chinese Men
Authors: Fan Jiayao , Zeng Fangfang , Zhong Haili , Cai Jun , Shen Wentao , Cheng Chunxiao , He Chunfeng , Liu Yuanjiao , Zhou Yuan , Chen Shujie , Zhu Yimin , Liu Tao , Zheng Ju-Sheng , Wang Lan , Chen Yu-Ming , Ma Wenjun , Zhou Dan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is posited as a potential factor in disrupting the balance of the human gut microbiota. However, existing studies with limited sample size have yielded inconclusive results. Here, we assessed the association between cigarette smoking and gut microbial profile among Chinese males from four independent studies (N total = 3,308). Both 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing methods were employed, covering 206 genera and 237 species. Microbial diversity was compared among non-smokers, current smokers, and former smokers. Actinomyces[g], Atopobium[g], Haemophilus[g], Turicibacter[g], and Lachnospira[g] were found to be associated with smoking status (current smokers v.s. non-smokers). Metagenomic data provided a higher resolution at the species level, particularly for the Actinomyces[g] branch. Additionally, serum Trans-3-Hydroxycotinine was found to have a potential role in connecting smoking and Actinomyces[g]. Furthermore, we revealed putative mediation roles of gut microbiome in the associations between smoking and common diseases including cholecystitis and type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, we characterized the gut microbiota profile in male smokers and further revealed their potential involvement in mediating the impact of smoking on health outcomes. These findings advance our understanding of the intricate associations between cigarette smoking and the gut microbiome.
Research on Feedforward Ventilation in High-altitude Tunnels Based on ARIMA Model
Authors: SUN San-Xiang , ZHENG Xu-Ting , CAO Qing-Jie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research aims to address the challenges of tunnel ventilation in high-altitude areas by proposing a novel feedforward ventilation strategy based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. By predicting ventilation needs and integrating real-time air quality monitoring, it optimizes air flow and quality within the tunnel, making it particularly suitable for the low oxygen, extreme climates, and complex geological conditions prevalent in high-altitude areas. The research methods include the construction and adjustment of the ARIMA model, optimizing the operation of the ventilation system through preprocessing of environmental parameter data and time series forecasting. Integrating a smart sensor network, the study achieves high accuracy in data input, thereby enhancing prediction accuracy. The results demonstrate that compared to traditional ventilation methods, this strategy significantly improves ventilation efficiency and reduces energy consumption. Overall, this research offers a new perspective on optimizing ventilation strategies for high-altitude internal combustion traction tunnels and showcases the immense potential of the ARIMA model in practical engineering applications. Through precise prediction of ventilation needs combined with real-time monitoring, the study significantly improves air quality within the tunnel, reduces energy consumption, and enhances the overall performance of the ventilation system.
Lymphopenia association with whole-brain radiotherapy and its effects on clinical outcomes of patients with brain metastases
Authors: Wang Yue , Zeng Weiwei , Xie Wenyue , Zhao Wei , Chen Yonghong , Yang Guiping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Radiotherapy has emerged as a primary treatment modality for brain metastases, and there is increasing awareness of its potential side effects, such as lymphopenia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish the association between WBRT and the development of lymphopenia in patients with brain metastases undergoing brain radiotherapy (RT), along with evaluating the corresponding clinical outcomes. Methods: The study included a total of 116 patients with brain metastases undergoing brain radiotherapy, and collected the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) within 2 weeks before brain radiotherapy (pre-radiotherapy, pre-RT), as well as at 1 and 2 months after completing RT (post-RT). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify associations between radiation modality and post-RT ALC. The relationships between post-RT ALC and overall survival were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis and a multivariate Cox regression model. Results: At 1 month post-RT, the median ALC definitely decreased. At 2 months post-RT, the ALC gradually rose but not to the pre-RT ALC. The multivariate analysis identified WBRT and lower pre-RT ALC as independent risk factors associated with the decrease in post-RT ALC at 1 month. It also revealed more than 4 brain metastases, G3-4 lymphopenia at 1 month and lower post-RT ALC at 2 months exhibited significantly worse prognosis regardless of the radiation modality. However, there is indeed an independent correlation between radiation modality and the outcome of intracranial progression-free survival (PFS). Conclusions: To approach the feasibility and reasonableness of treatment, clinicians should carefully consider various factors to achieve long-term survival of patients.
Assessment of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bshara Sally , Alkhoubi Qamar , Hamood Taghreed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global health crisis characterized by chronic elevation of blood sugar levels (hyperglycaemia) and a range of metabolic disorders. One of the most significant complications of type 2 diabetes is a greatly increased risk of cardiovascular complications (CVD). These complications include coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral arterial disease, and heart failure, which are the leading cause of death.
Due to the substantial burden on healthcare associated with cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes, accurate and comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk factors is of paramount importance. This chapter will highlight cardiovascular complications in these patients, discussing risk factors, assessment mechanisms, and the importance of integrating medical history, physical examination, and appropriate diagnostic tools. Through critical evaluation of these assessment strategies, we aim to equip healthcare providers with the necessary knowledge to effectively identify and manage cardiovascular risks in high-risk patients.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing patient records and data. Inclusion criteria comprised patients diagnosed with T2DM with high risk of cardiovascular risk. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board or ethics committee, ensuring patient confidentiality and data anonymization. Informed consent was not required due to the retrospective nature of the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, computing descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations.
Results: Among 101 diabetic cases, the average age of patients was 41 years with a standard deviation of 24, and more than half of the sample were females. Approximately one-fifth of the patients were smokers. The predominant type was type 2 diabetes, and most patients were in a state of ketoacidosis at diagnosis. Medical histories were present in more than one-third of the patients, while surgical histories were present in almost half. More than one-fifth of the patients suffered from systemic complications of diabetes. The prevalence of cardiovascular complications among patients was 30%, with hypertension being the most common among them. Most type 2 diabetic patients were uncontrolled.
Conclusion: To reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients, assisting patients in adopting a healthy lifestyle by promoting physical activity, weight reduction, and cessation of alcohol consumption during follow-up is a crucial step. Additionally, we recommend a multifactorial intervention aimed at achieving recommended levels of critical indicators (blood pressure, blood cholesterol, microvascular complications, and early-stage treatment).
Clinical outcomes and microenvironment profiling of relapsed/refractory extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma patients with anti-BCMA CAR T cell-based therapy
Authors: Qi Yuekun , Li Hujun , Qi Kunming , Zheng Junnian , Xu Kailin , Cao Jiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM) patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) have grim prognoses and lack effective therapy. We conducted a comprehensive study of 31 R/R MM patients with histologically confirmed extra-osseous EMD receiving anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T cell-based therapy. The safety/efficacy was assessed; immune microenvironment was analyzed based on multiplex immunofluorescence of pretherapy EMD biopsy samples. Overall response occurred in 90.3% of medullary disease and 64.5% of EMD. Discrepant outcomes between medullary and extramedullary response, with suboptimal and delayed response and shortened response duration in EMD were observed. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 5.0 and 9.7 months, respectively. Unique CAR-associated local toxicities at EMD were seen in 22.6% patients. Compared with non-EMD patients, patients with EMD showed inferior survival outcomes. To the cutoff date, 65% patients experienced EMD progression post-treatment, and BCMA+ progression constituted the main progression pattern in EMD. The pretherapy EMD immunosuppressive microenvironment, characterized by infiltration of exhausted CD8+ T cells, was reported to associate with adverse clinical outcomes. We show that CAR T cells have favorable activity in EMD, but the long-term survival benefits may be limited; EMD-specific microenvironment potentially impacts treatment. Further efforts are needed to extend EMD remission and improve long-term outcomes.
Implementasi Metode MAUT Pada Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Dalam Perancangan Sistem E-Voting Pemilihan Calon Ketua OSIS
Authors: Trisudarmo Ragel , Nursyamsu Roni , Wati Dyah Puteria 
Published: April 2024

Proses pemilihan dalam sebuah organisasi di lingkungan sekolah menjadi momen penting bagi siswa dalam melatih dan mengembangkan keterampilan kepemimpinan dan pemahaman terhadap sistem demokrasi agar setiap siswa dapat menggunakan hak suara untuk memilih pasangan calon ketua OSIS yang terbaik. Untuk mendapatkan calon-calon ketua atau bakal calon ketua yang kompeten serta berkualitas dibutuhkan adanya impementasi sistem, sejauh ini proses pemilihan bakal calon ketua dianggap tidak serius tidak memperhatikan syarat atau aspek pendukung yang dimiliki oleh seluruh bakal calon sejauh ini masih dilakukan secara subjektif. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan impelemntasi sistem penunjang keputusan menggunakan metode Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) secara efektif dan membantu dalam proses pemilihan bakal calon ketua secara objektif dengan dapat melakukan penyelesaian perhitungan berdasarkan syarat atau aspek pendukung yang dimilikinya. Metode MAUT digunakan untuk dapat menyelesaikan kompleksitas dalam pengambilan keputusan memilih bakal calon ketua.Pada penelitian ini dalam penerapan Metode MAUT dapat meberikan hasil rekomendasi sebagai calon ketua OSIS pada peringkat 1 – 3 dengan total hasil terbesar 0.706 untuk A8, 0.689 untuk nilai hasil A2 dan 0.63 untuk hasil A10, sementara peringkat 4 – 6 sebagai wakil ketua OSIS dengan nilai 0.624 untuk A5, nilai 0.523 untuk A1 dan 0.51 untuk aternatif A3 untuk selanjutnya menjadi pasangan calon yang akan dipilih secara langsung menggunakan sistem E-Voting. Diharapkan bahwa sistem ini dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam meningkatkan transparansi, efisiensi, dan validitas dalam proses demokrasi di lingkungan sekolah.
Astaxanthin as an Anticancer Agent against Breast Cancer: An In
Vivo and In Vitro Investigation
Authors: Shokrian Zeini Maryam , Pakravesh Seyyed Mohammad , Jalili Kolour Seyed Mostafa , Soghala Shahrad , Dabbagh Ohadi Mohammad Amin , Ghanbar Ali Akhavan Haniyeh , Sayyahi Zeinab , Mahya Lena , Jahani Saleheh , Shojaei Baghini Sadegh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Kabiri Mahboubeh , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: April 2024

Aim::
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties, cytotoxic activity,
and apoptotic effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on genes and pathways involved in
breast cancer in Balb/c mice models injected with the 4T1 cell line. Background: ASX
could inhibit some tumor progression by using in vivo and in vitro models. Objective:
The effect of ASX on breast cancer was not fully understood till now.

Method::
In an in vivo model, 4T1 cells-injected mice were administered with different
concentrations of ASX (100 and 200 mg/kg), and histopathological evaluations were
done using an optical microscope and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The real-
time PCR investigated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X
(Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Caspase 3 genes in mice treated with 100 and
200 mg/kg ASX. Also, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde
(MDA) were examined in ASX-treated cancer mice.

Results::
ASX (200 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in the mitotic cell count of tumor
tissues compared to ASX (100 mg/kg). The antiproliferative effects of different concentrations
of ASX were shown based on the MTT results. The treatment of breast tumor
mice with both concentrations of ASX, especially 200 mg/kg, elevated the expression
of Caspase 3, Bax, and SOD enzyme levels and decreased Bcl-2 expression and
MDA enzyme levels.

Conclusion::
ASX can be considered a promising alternative treatment for breast cancer.
The Impact of Spironolactone Co-administration on Cyclosporin Initial Dosage
Optimization for Pediatric Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Han Huan-Huan , Rui Min , Yang Yang , Cui Jia-Fang , Huang Xue-Ting , Zhang Shi-Jia , He Su-Mei , Wang Dong-Dong , Chen Xiao 
Published: April 2024

Objectives:
Cyclosporin has been used for the treatment of pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome
(PRNS). However, the narrow therapeutic window and large pharmacokinetic variability make it difficult to individualize
cyclosporin administration. Meanwhile, spironolactone has been reported to affect cyclosporin
metabolism in PRNS patients. This study aims to explore the initial dosage optimization of cyclosporin in
PRNS based on the impact of spironolactone co-administration.

Methods:
Monte Carlo simulation based on a previously established cyclosporin population pharmacokinetic
model for PRNS was used to design cyclosporin dosing regimen.

Results:
In this study, the probability of drug concentration reaching the target and the convenience of times
of administration were considered comprehensively. The optimal administration regimen in PRNS without
spironolactone was 6, 5, 4 and 3 mg/kg cyclosporin split into two doses for the body weight of 5-8, 8-18,
18-46 and 46-70 kg, respectively. The optimal administration regimen in PRNS with spironolactone was 4, 3,
2 mg/kg cyclosporin split into two doses for body weight of 5-14, 14-65, and 65-70 kg, respectively.

Conclusion:
The cyclosporin dosing regimen for PRNS based on Monte Carlo simulation was systematically
developed and the initial dosage optimization of cyclosporin in PRNS was recommended for the first time.
Integrated Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation to Identify a Disulfidptosis-Related lncRNA Model for Prognostic Prediction in Papillary
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Yidong , Jin Xiaoyi , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2024

Aims:
This study aimed to construct a prognostic model for papillary renal cell carcinoma
(pRCC) utilizing disulfidptosis-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Additionally,
it investigated the potential of these lncRNAs in predicting immune responses and drug sensitivity
in pRCC.

Background:
LncRNAs have been implicated in the progression and prognosis of pRCC. Recently,
disulfidptosis, an emerging form of regulated cell death, has shown potential as a therapeutic
approach for cancer. However, the potential association between disulfidptosis-related
lncRNAs and pRCC remains unclear.

Methods:
We analyzed transcriptome profiling and clinical data of pRCC patients from The Cancer
Genome Atlas database. Using Pearson correlation analysis, we identified lncRNAs associated with
disulfidptosis. Based on the disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs that were correlated with overall survival
(OS), we constructed a novel prediction model using least absolute shrinkage and selection
operator, univariable Cox regression, and multivariable Cox regression analyses. The model's utility
was assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival, receiver operating characteristics, and principal
component analyses. Moreover, functional analysis helped identify potential prognostic mechanisms,
and the prediction of chemical drugs for pRCC was also performed. Finally, qRT-PCR validated
the expression of prognostic lncRNAs in pRCC cells and patient samples.

Results:
Our prediction model was based on nine disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs. Evaluation
and validation analyses demonstrated that the model had excellent, consistent, and independent
prognostic value for pRCC patients, with area under the curve values of 0.954, 0.910, and 0.830
for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, respectively. Through functional analysis, we discovered a significant
correlation between the identified prognostic signature and immunity. Additionally, in terms of
chemotherapy sensitivity, our analysis indicated that the low-risk group exhibited higher sensitivity
to sunitinib and pazopanib. Furthermore, the expression patterns of the identified lncRNAs
were validated in samples obtained from pRCC cells and patients.

Conclusion:
This study successfully established and validated a novel disulfidptosis-related prediction
model. The findings suggest the potential involvement of immune-related pathways in
lncRNA signature-associated survival. This model holds promise for differentiating prognosis
and improving personalized therapeutic strategies for pRCC in clinical practice.
Nutritional Value, Therapeutic Effects, Phytochemistry, and Toxicology of
Lepisanthes fruticosa: A Review
Authors: Siang Lim Joe , Rajak Harish , Ravichandran Veerasamy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The multifaceted benefits of Lepisanthes fruticosa position it is not only as a promising
agricultural commodity but also as a versatile resource with implications for health, biodiversity,
and economic growth. Lepisanthes fruticosa has a rich history of traditional use for treating various
ailments such as fever and diarrhea. Beyond its traditional uses, the plant's antioxidant properties
suggest potential applications in combating oxidative stress-related conditions. Its antihyperglycemic
properties indicate promise in managing elevated blood sugar levels, while its antibacterial
and antiviral attributes hint at potential applications in infectious disease control. Furthermore,
the plant's anticancer properties add to its appeal as a valuable resource in the realm of medical research.
The plant also exhibits considerable potential in addressing a range of health concerns, including
non-communicable diseases and infections, antidiarrheal, and antiviral properties. In
essence, Lepisanthes fruticose emerges as more than just an agricultural asset. Its unique combination
of nutritional richness, health benefits, and economic viability underscores its potential to become
a valuable asset both locally and on the global stage. In this current review, we are discussed
about the ethnopharmacology, nutritional value, therapeutic effects, phytochemistry, and toxicology
of Lepisanthes fruticose.
Imaging Findings of Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumour of the Liver:
A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cai Ermin , Zheng Yiheng , Wang Mingliang , Zeng Mengsu 
Published: April 2024

Background::
A calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumour (CNSET) is an erratic primary liver malignant tumour frequently discovered in young girls and
females. Neither its pathogenesis nor its nosogenesis is clearly known. While principally indolent, infrequent tumours with aggressive clinical
progression have been defined. This paper describes a CNSET case with rare clinical and imaging features.

Case Presentation::
A 17-year-old girl initially presented with enlarged lymph nodes near the main portal vein of the liver and a large liver tumour. Lesions were
identified on the imaging findings obtained via positron emission tomography–computed tomography (CT) scanning, including an abnormal
increase of heterogeneous glucose metabolism in the intrahepatic mass, with a maximum standardised uptake value of around 3.2. The CT imaging
showed multiple dense shadows in the lesion, while the magnetic resonance imaging indicated a long T1 and a slightly longer T2.

Conclusions::
This study summarises the imaging features of CNSETs to provide a reference for diagnosing liver tumours. In addition, the literature on the topics
covered was systematically reviewed.