bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibrations of thin cylindrical shells with a periodic structure
Authors: Tomczyk Barbara 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFree vibrations of thin linear–elastic Kirchhoff–Love cylindrical shells, having a periodic structure along one direction tangent to the shell midsurface, is considered. In order to take into account the effect of the periodicity cell size in this problem, a new averaged non–asymptotic model of such shells, proposed by Tomczyk (2006), is applied. The new additional higher–order free vibration frequencies dependent on the microstructure size will be derived and discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The numerical analysis of an orthotropic cylindrical shell
Authors: Wittenbeck Leszek , Magnucki Krzysztof 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper is devoted to an orthotropic cylindricall simply supported shell subjected to external pressure. This analysis is focused on determining geometrical shape of shell. Main subject of investigation is to maximize the stability of the shell. Mathematical model of double layer shell was implemented. Numerical solution was obtained for particular class of shells by using the finite element code ABAQUS. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Calculation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy in NdCo5
Authors: Pang H. , Qiao L. , Li F. S. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) of NdCo5 was studied from first principles using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method. The LDA + U method was used to take into account the effects of strong electronic correlations of 4f states. In agreement with experiments, the magnetization points into the crystallographic a‐axis in the basal plane. The in‐plane MAE was also studied and the correct magnetization direction was arrived at but the magnetic anisotropy constant K3 was about one order of magnitude smaller than the experimental value. The microscopic origin of the MAE in NdCo5 was studied using the orbital moment anisotropy (OMA) and its evolution with lattice geometry. Spin‐reorientation transitions in NdCo5 could be well explained by the competition in OMA between Co and Nd sites. These results show that the non‐equivalent Co sites behave differently with changes in lattice geometry, and the Co3g sites are of the same importance as Nd sites in deciding the in‐plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy of NdCo5. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Knowledge portal construction and resources integration for a large scale hydropower dam
Authors: Wang Li , Xu Li , Wang Xin , You Wei Jia , Tan Wenan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBased on the research project entitled ‘Data Collection and Decision Support System for Hydropower Dam Construction’ sponsored by the National Development and Reform Commission of China, this paper puts forward a multilayer architecture and a support system for the knowledge portal utilizing web services and J2EE while offering a method for integrating existing resources. The purpose for this system is to help the China Gezhouba Group Corporation (CGGC) manage the construction of a large‐scale hydropower dam. Through the interoperability in distributed environment, software integration technology and heterogeneous system integration, the interoperability of heterogeneous systems is realized by the enterprise application integration (EAI). In this project, an open and unified integration environment is provided by the analytic system (AS), making it possible for all kinds of software resources to be made readily accessible. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A longitudinal investigation of peer sexual harassment victimization in adolescence
Authors: Petersen Jennifer L. , Hyde Janet Shibley 
Published: February 2009

ABSTRACTThe current study describes longitudinal trends in sexual harassment by adolescent peers and highlights gender, pubertal status, attractiveness, and power as predictors of harassment victimization. At the end of 5th, 7th, and 9th grades, 242 adolescents completed questionnaires about sexual harassment victimization, pubertal status, and perceived power. Results indicate an increase in sexual harassment from 5th to 9th grade, with boys more likely to report harassment than girls in each grade. An analysis of harassment type indicated no gender difference in 9th grade cross‐gender harassment, but boys received more same‐gender harassment than girls. Pubertal status predicted concurrent sexual harassment victimization in each grade. Boys and girls with advanced pubertal status at all grades were more likely to be victims of 9th grade same‐gender harassment. Adolescents with greater power at all grades were more likely to be victims of 9th grade cross‐gender sexual harassment.
Effectiveness of topically applied halofuginone in management of subglottic stenosis in rats
Authors: Ertuğrul Eylem Ertug , Çekin İ. Engin , Cincik Hakan , Doğru Salim , Güngör Atila 
Published: February 2009

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to ascertain the antifibrotic effect of topically applied halofuginone after acute subglottic injury.Materials and MethodsAfter standardized trauma to subglottic area, rats were divided into two groups: the study group that received treatment and the control group that did not. The subjects were treated with topical application of cottonoid soaked in 30 mg/dL halofuginone solution for 5 minutes after subglottic trauma. The larynx specimens were examined histopathologically by light microscopy to assess fibrosis, epithelialization, inflammation, and necrosis.ResultsThe fibrosis indexes of the treated group were significantly less than those of the control group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsTopically applied halofuginone hydrobromide decreases fibrosis/scar tissue formation secondary to experimentally induced acute subglottic trauma.
The making of a European civil society: “Imagined”, “practised” and “staged”
Authors: Eder Klaus 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe paper tries to go beyond normative debates on what should count as civil society and who is to be identified as being part of civil society by relating such normative claims to the social sites where they are produced and claimed. It starts with the idea of conceiving civil society as a script which is used by a series of collective actors. This performance is structured first by general background conceptions of what a civil society looks like and which are taken up by all those engaging in claiming to be a civil society actor, and secondly by the public to which such performances are addressed. This second dimension is further explored assuming that the public civilizes civil society in terms of accepting or rejecting the performance of particular actors. Thus civil society is reformulated as a process in which the question of who is a legitimate part of civil society is permanently contested by a public that is addressed by these collective actors.
Steppe lion remains imported by Ice Age spotted hyenas into the Late Pleistocene Perick Caves hyena den in northern Germany
Authors: Diedrich Cajus G. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractUpper Pleistocene remains of the Ice Age steppe lion Panthera leo spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810) have been found in the Perick Caves, Sauerland Karst, NW Germany. Bones from many hyenas and their imported prey dating from the Lower to Middle Weichselian have also been recovered from the Perick Cave hyena den. These are commonly cracked or exhibit deep chew marks. The absence of lion cub bones, in contrast to hyena and cave bear cub remains in the Perick Caves, and other caves of northern Germany, excludes the possibility that P. leo spelaea used the cave for raising cubs. Only in the Wilhelms Cave was a single skeleton of a cub found in a hyena den. Evidence of the chewing, nibbling and cracking of lion bones and crania must have resulted from the importation and destruction of lion carcasses (4% of the prey fauna). Similar evidence was preserved at other hyena den caves and open air sites in Germany. The bone material from the Perick and other Central European caves points to antagonistic hyena and lion conflicts, similar to clashes of their modern African relatives.
Cosmic evolution of stellar disk truncations: from z = 1 to the Local Universe
Authors: Trujillo Ignacio , Azzollini Ruyman , Bakos Judit , Beckman John , Pohlen Michael 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe present our recent results on the cosmic evolution of the outskirts of disk galaxies. In particular we focus on disk–like galaxies with stellar disk truncations. Using UDF, GOODS and SDSS data we show how the position of the break (i.e. a direct estimator of the size of the stellar disk) evolves with time since z~1. Our findings agree with an evolution on the radial position of the break by a factor of 1.3 ± 0.1 in the last 8 Gyr for galaxies with similar stellar masses. We also present radial color gradients and how they evolve with time. At all redshifts we find a radial inside-out bluing reaching a minimum at the position of the break radius, this minimum is followed by a reddening outwards. Our results constraint several galaxy disk formation models and favour a scenario where stars are formed inside the break radius and are relocated in the outskirts of galaxies through secular processes.
Exponential bulges and antitruncated disks in lenticular galaxies
Authors: Sil'chenko Olga K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe presence of exponential bulges and anti-truncated disks has been noticed in many lenticular galaxies. In fact, it could be expected because the very formation of S0 galaxies includes various processes of secular evolution. We discuss how to distinguish between a pseudobulge and an anti-truncated disk, and also what particular mechanisms may be responsible for the formation of anti-truncated disks. Some clear examples of lenticular galaxies with a multi-tier exponential stellar structure are presented, – among them two central group giant S0s seen face-on and perfectly axisymmetric.
Modelling the Disk (three-phase) Interstellar Medium
Authors: Hensler Gerhard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe evolution of galactic disks from their early stages is dominated by gas dynamical effects like gas infall, galactic fountains, and galactic outflows, and more. The influence of these processes is only understandable in the framework of diverse gas phases differing in their thermal energies, dynamics, and element abundances. To trace the temporal and chemical evolution of galactic disks, it is therefore essential to model the interstellar gasdynamics combined with stellar dynamics, the interactions between gas phases, and star-gas mass and energy exchanges as detailed as possible. This article reviews the potential of state-of-the-art numerical schemes like Smooth-Particle and grid-based hydrodynamics and their ingredients, such as star-formation criteria and feedback, energy deposit and metal enrichment by stars, and the influence of gas-phase interactions on the galactic gas dynamics and chemistry.
The Molecular Gas Component of Galaxy Disks
Authors: Blitz Leo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe molecular gas in galaxy disks shows much more galaxy to galaxy variation than does the atomic gas. Detailed studies show that this variation can be attributed to differences in hydrostatic pressure in the disks due largely to variations in the stellar surface density and the total gas surface density. One prediction of pressure modulated H2 formation is that the location where HI and H2 have equal surface densities occurs at a constant value of the stellar surface density in the disk. Observations confirm this constancy to 40%.
On the chemical evolution of the Milky Way
Authors: Prantzos Nikos 
Published: March 2009

AbstractI discuss three different topics concerning the chemical evolution of the Milky Way (MW). 1) The metallicity distribution of the MW halo; it is shown that this distribution can be analytically derived in the framework of the hierarchical merging scenario for galaxy formation, assuming that the component sub-haloes had chemical properties similar to those of the progenitors of satellite galaxies of the MW. 2) The age-metallicity relationship (AMR) in the solar neighborhood; I argue for caution in deriving from data with important uncertainties (such as the age uncertainties in the Geneva-Copenhagen Survey) a relationship between average metallicity and age: derived relationships are shown to be systematically flatter than the true ones and should not be directly compared to models. 3) The radial mixing of stars in the disk, which may have important effects on various observables (scatter in AMR, extension of the tails of the metallicity distribution, flatenning of disk abundance profiles). Recent SPH + N-body simulations find considerable radial mixing, but only comparison to observations will ultimately determine the extent of that mixing.
SEGUE, and the future of large scale surveys of the Galaxy
Authors: Beers Timothy C. , Lee Young Sun , Carollo Daniela 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe Sloan Extension for Galactic Exploration and Understanding (SEGUE) has now been completed. This is one of three surveys that were executed as part of the first extension of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-II), which consist of LEGACY, SUPERNOVA SURVEY, and SEGUE. The SEGUE program has obtained over 3600 square degrees of ugriz imaging of the sky outside the original SDSS-I footprint. The regions of sky targeted for SEGUE imaging were primarily at lower Galactic latitudes (|b| < 35°), in order to better sample the disk/halo interface of the Milky Way. SEGUE also obtained medium-resolution (R = 2000) spectroscopy, over the wavelength range 3800-9200 Å, for over 200,000 stars in 200 selected areas over the sky available from Apache Point, New Mexico. We discuss the determination of stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, and [Fe/H]) for these stars, and highlight several of the scientific results obtained to date. The proposed second extension of SDSS, known as SDSS-III, will include SEGUE-2, a program to roughly double the numbers of stars with available spectroscopy, as well as APOGEE, a program to obtain high-resolution (R = 20000) near-IR spectroscopy for over 100,000 stars in the disk, bulge and halo populations of the Galaxy. Other massive spectroscopic surveys of interest to Galactic science are also briefly discussed.
Inferencing Processes After Right Hemisphere Brain Damage: Maintenance of Inferences
Authors: Blake Margaret Lehman 
Published: February 2009

Purpose
This study was designed to replicate and extend a previous study of inferencing in which some adults with right hemisphere damage (RHD) generated but did not maintain predictive inferences over time (M. Lehman-Blake & C. Tompkins, 2001). Two hypotheses were tested: (a) inferences were deactivated, and (b) selection of previously generated inferences was slowed and not measurable with the original stimuli. Existing literature did not support one hypothesis over the other.

Method
Fourteen adults with RHD and 14 with no brain damage (NBD) participated in this mixed-design study. Participants read short narratives that suggested a predictive inference. Reading times were obtained to assess inference generation, maintenance, and integration.

Results
The majority of participants evidenced generation and maintenance of inferences. For the few who did not maintain inferences, participants with NBD always deactivated the inferences, whereas those with RHD demonstrated either deactivation or slowed selection. Adults with RHD were more likely to exhibit slowing in inference generation and integration.

Conclusions
The results for inference maintenance differ from the original study in that most participants with RHD maintained inferences. Deactivation appeared in both groups, whereas slowed selection appeared to be an aberrant process related to RHD. Future work is needed to tease out the relationships between comprehension, working memory, and inferencing processes.
Adult and Child Semantic Neighbors of the Kroll and Potter (1984) Nonobjects
Authors: Storkel Holly L. , Adlof Suzanne M. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose

The purpose was to determine the number of semantic neighbors, namely,
semantic set size,
for 88 nonobjects (J. F. Kroll & M. C. Potter, 1984) and determine how semantic set size related to other measures and age.

Method

Data were collected from 82 adults and 92 preschool children in a discrete association task. The nonobjects were presented via computer, and participants reported the first word that came to mind that was meaningfully related to the nonobject. Words reported by 2 or more participants were considered semantic neighbors. The strength of each neighbor was computed as the proportion of participants who reported the neighbor. All data are provided online in a Microsoft Excel file accompanying this article (the data file can be found accompanying this article online at
http://jslhr.asha.org
).

Results
Results showed that semantic set size was not significantly correlated with objectlikeness ratings or object decision reaction times from J. F. Kroll and M. C. Potter (1984). However, semantic set size was significantly negatively correlated with the strength of the strongest neighbor(s). In terms of age effects, adult and child semantic set sizes were significantly positively correlated and the majority of numeric differences were on the order of 0–3 neighbors. Comparison of actual neighbors showed greater discrepancies; however, this varied by neighbor strength.

Conclusions
Semantic set size can be determined for nonobjects. Specific guidelines are suggested for using these nonobjects in future research.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170342
The Effect of Semantic Set Size on Word Learning by Preschool Children
Authors: Storkel Holly L. , Adlof Suzanne M. 
Published: February 2009

Purpose
The purpose was to determine whether semantic set size, a measure of the number of semantic neighbors, influenced word learning, and whether the influence of semantic set size was broad, showing effects on multiple measures both during and after learning.

Method
Thirty-six preschool children were exposed to 10 nonobjects, varying in semantic set size, paired with 10 nonwords, controlling phonotactic probability and neighborhood density. Nonobject–nonword pairs were presented in a game format. Learning was measured in naming and referent identification tasks administered before, during, and 1 week after training.

Results
Results showed no differences in naming or identifying the referents of the nonobject–nonword pairs with small versus large semantic set sizes before and during training. However, 1 week after training, children named and identified the referents of nonobject–nonword pairs with small set sizes more accurately than those with large set sizes.

Conclusions
Similarity to known representations appears to influence word learning, regardless of whether the similarity involves lexical or semantic representations. However, the direction of the effect of similarity to known representations on word learning varies depending on the specific type of representation involved. Specifically, lexical similarity speeds learning, whereas semantic similarity slows learning.
GeNGe: systematic generation of gene regulatory networks
Authors: Hache Hendrik , Wierling Christoph , Lehrach Hans , Herwig Ralf 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Summary: The analysis of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) is a central goal of bioinformatics highly accelerated by the advent of new experimental techniques, such as RNA interference. A battery of reverse engineering methods has been developed in recent years to reconstruct the underlying GRNs from these and other experimental data. However, the performance of the individual methods is poorly understood and validation of algorithmic performances is still missing to a large extent. To enable such systematic validation, we have developed the web application GeNGe (GEne Network GEnerator), a controlled framework for the automatic generation of GRNs. The theoretical model for a GRN is a non-linear differential equation system. Networks can be user-defined or constructed in a modular way with the option to introduce global and local network perturbations. Resulting data can be used, e.g. as benchmark data for evaluating GRN reconstruction methods or for predicting effects of perturbations as theoretical counterparts of biological experiments.
Availability: Available online at http://genge.molgen.mpg.de
Contact: hache@molgen.mpg.de
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Textual data compression in computational biology: a synopsis
Authors: Giancarlo Raffaele , Scaturro Davide , Utro Filippo 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Motivation: Textual data compression, and the associated techniques coming from information theory, are often perceived as being of interest for data communication and storage. However, they are also deeply related to classification and data mining and analysis. In recent years, a substantial effort has been made for the application of textual data compression techniques to various computational biology tasks, ranging from storage and indexing of large datasets to comparison and reverse engineering of biological networks.
Results: The main focus of this review is on a systematic presentation of the key areas of bioinformatics and computational biology where compression has been used. When possible, a unifying organization of the main ideas and techniques is also provided.
Availability: It goes without saying that most of the research results reviewed here offer software prototypes to the bioinformatics community. The Supplementary Material provides pointers to software and benchmark datasets for a range of applications of broad interest. In addition to provide reference to software, the Supplementary Material also gives a brief presentation of some fundamental results and techniques related to this paper. It is at: http://www.math.unipa.it/∼raffaele/suppMaterial/compReview/
Contact: raffaele@math.unipa.it
Understanding the ‘epidemic of heart failure’: a systematic review of trends in determinants of heart failure
Authors: Najafi Farid , Jamrozik Konrad , Dobson Annette J. 
Published: February 2009

AimsWe conducted a systematic review of recent studies investigating trends in the epidemiology of heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsWe fitted simple linear regression models of rates against calendar year for mortality and hospital admission. Based on Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs) from the NHANES I Epidemiological Follow‐up Study and self‐reported prevalences of risk factors for HF, the estimated changes in numbers of new cases of HF in Australia were calculated from 1995 to 2005. A clear decline in mortality from HF and some data on decreases in admissions to hospitals for HF, as well as the lack of reports showing an increase in the incidence of HF, all argue against the existence of an ‘epidemic’ of HF. However, most reports on trends in HF survival have shown a secular improvement. The latter, together with population aging, are major factors that may increase the caseload of HF. Against this background of conflicting influences, we estimate that in Australia, the inflow into the caseload of HF decreased by 1.6% among people aged ≥55 years in 2005 relative to 1995.ConclusionAvailable evidence does not support an increase in the caseload of HF over recent years. Taking all of the influences on the epidemiology of HF together, it is likely that the number of new cases of HF will rise over the next few years, even if the incidence rate falls, chiefly because the elderly population is expanding so quickly.