bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation of synchronized oscillations in an oscillator with hard characteristics
Authors: Nakamura Yuichi , Kawakami Hiroshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIt is critically important that the synchronization problem be studied as it pertains to oscillators with hard characteristics having two types of limit cycles where periodic external force is applied and oscillations are at a submultiple of the frequency of external force. This paper considers bifurcations of periodic states corresponding to harmonic synchronization and subharmonic synchronization of the order of one‐half and one‐third observed in a Duffing‐Rayleigh equation with hard characteristics. As a result, it was discovered that the synchronization region corresponding to each limit cycle exists independently and, under certain conditions, the two regions have mutual coalescence. Moreover, in the region of subharmonic synchronization of the order of one‐half it was observed that periodic doubling bifurcation intersects the Hopf bifurcation. As a result of analysis using Hopf bifurcations, it was also found that tangent bifurcations correlated with Arnold tongues and the associated resonance phenomena.
A method for psychological evaluation of external nonwhite noise when listening to audio signal based on fuzzy sets theory
Authors: Yamaguchi Shizuma , Saeki Tetsuro , Oimatsu Kensei 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRecently, quality improvement of housing and the living environment has become a priority issue. the quality improvement of the acoustic field in a direct voice transmission as a fundamental method of information transmission is no exception. It is important to realize an acoustical environment in which the audience can concentrate on hearing sound without distraction due to external noise. the relationship between the voice signal and the external noise has been studied extensively by a number of researchers, thus significant achievements have been reported. Most of the results, however, have more or less focused on the voice signals from the viewpoint of perception and understanding of the voice with respect to the masking effect and articulation.This paper differs from these studies in the following two aspects. First, the intent is to evaluate the external noise instead of the voice signal. Second, the sensory evaluation is based on the subjective judgment of human beings. the fuzziness necessarily associated with the subjective quantity is taken into account from the outset. Specifically, by using the fuzzy theory, this paper studies the problem of estimating or predicting the psychological judgment of the audience when meaningless nonwhite noise with an arbitrary power spectrum enters externally. the validity of the method proposed here is verified by means of the measured data from an indoor psychological experiment.
Time‐series analysis of behavior of a two‐link nozzle in a dishwasher
Authors: Nomura Hiroyoshi , Wakami Noboru , Aihara Kazuyuki 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe two‐link nozzle in the dishwaher‐dryer is composed of two links which rotate by the water flow. Although the behavior of the two‐link nozzle is related closely to the washing performance of the dishwasher, its behavior is complex. In this sense, in order to improve the washing performance of the dishwasher, it is necessary to analyze the behavior of the two‐link nozzle and to clarify the washing mechanism. This study aims at providing the basis for the analysis of the behavior of the two‐link nozzle. the motion of he nozzle is detected by image processing, and the behavior of the nozzle is analyzed based on the derived time‐series from the viewpoint of the deterministic chaos. the result is reported.The following calculations are made as the data analysis: (1) analysis of the Poincaré section and the circle map, based on the attractor reconstructed from the time‐series; (2) calculation of the maximum Lyapunov exponent; and (3) calculation of the fractal dimension. As the result of analysis, the fractal dimension of approximately 2.4 as well as the positive maximum Lyapunov exponent are obtained from the time‐series data detected by the image processing. the noninvertible structure is observed in the circle map. Those results suggest that the behavior of the two‐link nozzle is related closely to the deterministic chaos.
Suppression effects of multiple access interference in direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access system by using partial correlation weight coefficient control techniques
Authors: Asato Hideki , Tachikawa Shin'Ichi , Marubayashi Gen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper introduces a method for suppression of multiple access interference in the direct sequence/spread spectrum multiple access system (DS/SSMA). It is especially effective for the near‐far problem. When an integration period of cross correlation is divided into subintervals in the DS/SSMA system, the partial cross correlation values in the presence of noise and interference vary considerably from subinterval to subinterval. In the proposed system, allocating small weight coefficients to subintervals with large cross‐correlation values and large weight coefficients to subintervals with small cross‐correlation values results in considerable improvement in signal‐to‐noise ratio. Using this method, multiple access interference can be suppressed without knowing the PN sequences of other users. the principle of this system, a novel algorithm using partial correlation weight coefficient control techniques, will be illustrated with the help of computer simulations.
Adaptive line enhancers with discriminated structures
Authors: Watanabe Eiji , Okamura Yukio , Nishihara Akinori 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe adaptive line enhancer eliminates noise from a sinusoidal signal with the unknown frequency buried in the noise and extracts the sinusoidal signal. the performance of the adaptive line enhancer is represented by the signal‐to‐noise improvement figure. the signal‐to‐noise improvement figure increases as the bandwidth of the adaptive line enhancer is made narrower. the conventional adaptive line enhancer, however, contains an incompatible problem in that the convergence of the adaptive coefficient is deteriorated when the signal‐to‐noise improvement figure is raised by narrowing the bandwidth.This paper proposes the adaptive line enhancer with the discriminated structure to solve this problem. the adaptive line enhancer with the discriminated structure is composed of two parts. One is the (frequency) estimator that estimates the frequency of the unknown sinusoidal signal, and the other is the (sinusoidal signal) discriminator that discriminates the unknown sinusoidal signal from the noise. the estimator is the conventional adaptive line enhancer, and the bandwidth is determined so that the convergence of the adaptive coefficient is the fastest. the discriminator is the narrowband bandpass filter where the center frequency is controlled by the adaptation coefficient. This paper presents the optimal design method for each of those parts, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by a computer simulation.
Performance evaluations of hybrid automatic repeat request schemes for a data communication system
Authors: Yasui Kazumi , Nakagawa Toshio 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIt is generally impossible to avoid occurrences of errors of the data transmission because of the disturbing factors such as disconnections, noises or distortions in a communication line. Therefore, the error‐control procedure is indispensable to trnnsmit high‐quality data and its various techinques have been considered from the viewpoints of high reliability data transmission. the main techniques in the error‐correcting strategies are classified into the following three categories: (i) forward‐error‐correction (FEC) scheme; (ii) automatic‐repeat‐request (ARQ) scheme; and (iii) hybrid ARQ scheme. the hybrid ARQ scheme is the system combined FEC scheme with ARQ scheme. This aims to reduce the frequency of retransmissions as much as possible and to gain a constant data throughput, even in a worse communication environment, by coding error patterns that would be expected to occur frequently. However, when the first data of transmission has failed, the hybrid ARQ is removed to the ARQ policy with the same FEC, i.e., its data throughput decreases because of bit increments, such as codes to correct errors in the data transmission. This is called type‐I hybrid ARQ and its modified systems, which are called type‐II hybrid ARQ, have been studied and proposed by many authors. This paper suggests a new type‐II hybrid ARQ system from the viewpoint of improving the data throughput and derives the mean time to success of the data transmission. Then, the mean times of the system are compared analytically with those of the usual ARQ and the type‐I hybrid ARQ, and an evaluation is done.
Self‐Assembly of Silver(I) Coordination Polymers from AgX (X = BF4–, ClO4–, CF3COO–, and SO3CF3–) and a Rigid Bent 3,6‐Dicyano‐9‐phenylcarbazole Ligand: The Templating Effect of Anions
Authors: Wei Kai‐Ju , Ni Jia , Gao Jian , Liu Yangzhong , Liu Qing‐Liang 
Published: July 2007

AbstractOne rigid bent bridging ligand with highly planar π‐conjugated spacers, 3,6‐dicyano‐9‐phenylcarbazole (dcphcz), was designed and synthesized. The coordination reactions of dcphcz with a series of AgI salts with different counterions has been investigated. Four coordination polymers were obtained by solution reactions and characterized by IR,elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The solid‐state structures of {[Ag(dcphcz)]BF4}n (1) and {[Ag(dcphcz)]ClO4}n (2), exhibit similar 1D “zigzag” patterns. The complex {[Ag(dcphcz)][Ag2(dcphcz)(H2O)2](SO3CF3)3·C6H6·(H2O)2}n (3) includes two different one‐dimensional (1D) chain units: one forms double‐layer two‐dimensional (2D) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) through intermolecular Ag–O–Ag bridging interactions, the other features double‐layer 2D supramolecular networks through C–H···O hydrogen‐bonding interactions. The complex [Ag2(dcphcz)(CF3COO)2]n (4) features a bundle of novel nanotubular structures, which contain silver chains formed by carboxylate spacers. Furthermore, all these complexes are connected by face‐to‐face π···π stacking interactions between carbazolyl planes, affording a series of three‐dimensional (3D) architectures with different structural geometries. The structuraldiversities of these complexes demonstrated that counteranions and bridging ligands play essential roles in the construction of supramolecular frameworks. In addition, the luminescence properties of the free ligand dcphcz and complexes 1–4 were investigated.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Mu‐35: A Fluorogallophosphate Obtained by In Situ Generation of the Template
Authors: Lakiss Louwanda , Simon‐Masseron Angélique , Porcher Florence , Rigolet Séverinne , Patarin Joël 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA two‐dimensional microporous fluorogallophosphate, named Mu‐35, closely related to ULM‐8, was hydrothermally synthesized by in situ generation of the structure‐directing agent. The precursor of the structure‐directing agent is ethylformamide, which is generated in situ by decomposition, and goes on to form ethylamine molecules that act as templates in the medium used for the synthesis. The fluorogallophosphate Mu‐35 (Mu is Mulhouse), Ga3(PO4)2(HPO4)F3(C2H8N)2(C2H7N)0.5 (Z = 8), crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn with the following unit cell parameters: a = 22.117(1), b = 17.3740(8), c = 10.1550(4) Å. The structure of fluorogallophosphate Mu‐35 was determined from single‐crystal XRD data. It exhibits anionic layers composed of an unusual arrangement of three‐, five‐, and eight‐membered rings (MR) [Ga2PO2F, Ga3P2O4F, and Ga3P3O8, respectively], and intercalated by protonated and nonprotonated ethylamine molecules. Mu‐35 was also characterized by powder XRD, SEM, elemental and thermal analyses, and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F, and 31P MAS and 1H‐31P HETCOR experiments). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
The anchor and adjustment heuristic in time‐series forecasting
Authors: Lawrence Michael , O'connor Marcus 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper explores the relevance of the anchor and adjustment heuristic in judgmental time‐series extrapolation. Using a database of real time series it examines the proposition that people anchor on the last history value of the series and make insufficient adjustments from it in making their forecast. In contrast to studies in behavioral decision making, analysis shows that the anchor and adjustment heuristic does not describe the behavior of time‐series forecasters. Adjustments from the anchor are often excessive, not insufficient. A number of possible explanations for this exceptional finding are explored.
Modifying quantitative forecasts of livestock production using expert judgments: An application to the australian lamb industry
Authors: Vere D. T. , Griffith G. R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe judgmental modification of quantitative forecasts has become increasingly adopted in the production of agricultural commodity outlook information. Such modifications allow current period information to be incorporated into the forecast value, and ensure that the forecast is realistic in the context of current industry trends. This paper investigates the potential value of this approach in production forecasting in the Australian lamb industry. Several individual and composite econometric models were used to forecast a lamb‐slaughtering series with a selected forecast being given to a panel of lamb industry specialists for consideration and modification. The results demonstrate that this approach offers considerable accuracy advantages in the short‐term forecasting of livestock market variables, such as slaughtering, whose values can be strongly influenced by current industry conditions.
Wie die Würmer: „beinlose”︁ Bewegung
Authors: Zimmermann Klaus 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAbgeschaut bei der Natur: Der Einsatz magnetischer Flüssigkeiten ermöglicht neue Wege, um einen technischen Wurm zu entwickeln. Wurmartige Bewegungssysteme könnten bei vielen Anwendungen hilfreich und inspirierend sein
Subject variation more than values clarification explains the reliability of willingness to pay estimates
Authors: Shiell Alan , McIntosh Karen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, Smith offers additional evidence to support his claim that the test–retest reliability of willingness to pay measures increases along with willingness to pay because people take more time to consider their answers for the more highly valued (and therefore more ‘expensive’) goods. Unfortunately, by repeating a common misconception about what reliability actually measures, he overlooks an alternative explanation for the relationship he observed; namely, that subject variation increases with willingness to pay and that it is this, rather than any reduction in measurement error, that explains his findings. We show that 75% of the increase in reliability comes from increases in subject variation (that is different views about the value of good health), and that the relationship between measurement error and willingness to pay is not as simple as Smith suggests. However, our critique of Smith's paper should not be construed as criticism of the ideas being explored. We need to better understand the responses people give to contingent valuation exercises. Such understanding has to be based on a better appreciation of what reliability is and on more robust testing of alternative hypotheses. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of ownership, subsidization and teaching activities on hospital costs in Switzerland
Authors: Farsi Mehdi , Filippini Massimo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper explores the cost structure of Swiss hospitals, focusing on differences due to teaching activities and those related to ownership and subsidization types. A stochastic total cost frontier with a Cobb–Douglas functional form has been estimated for a panel of 148 general hospitals over the six‐year period from 1998 to 2003. Inpatient cases adjusted by DRG cost weights and ambulatory revenues are considered as two separate outputs. The adopted econometric specification allows for unobserved heterogeneity across hospitals. The results suggest that teaching activities are an important cost‐driving factor and hospitals that have a broader range of specialization are relatively more costly. The excess costs of university hospitals can be explained by more extensive teaching activities as well as the relative complexity of the offered medical treatments from a teaching point of view. However, even after controlling for such differences university hospitals have shown a relatively low cost‐efficiency especially in the first two or three years of the sample period. The analysis does not provide any evidence of significant efficiency differences across ownership/subsidy categories. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ergonomic challenges in conventional and advanced apparel manufacturing
Authors: Kelly Michael J. , Ortiz Daniel J. , Folds Dennis J. , Courtney Theodore K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractApparel manufacturing is a labor‐intensive, assembly‐line process requiring significant amounts of repetitive, skilled manipulation. A survey of three typical plants in the southeastern United States identified relatively high frequencies of musculoskeletal discomfort among the sewing operators. Poorly designed and maladjusted workstations contributed to these reported problems. Subsequent research found that ergonomic interventions including redesign and proper adjustment of workstations, use of ergonomically designed seating, and training in low‐risk methods and postures substantially reduced these complaints. Other innovations in equipment, job, and organizational design, with potential to reduce ergonomic problems, are also discussed.
Introducing manufacturing technologies: The quest for methods and tools
Authors: Bolk Henk 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis article summarizes advanced viewpoints on organizations by focusing on the “configuration approach” and its consequences for thinking about manufacturing technology. The study describes criteria that methods and tools must meet in order to comply with modern insights into organizational behavior. It also describes rules to apply in projects where further enhancement and development of manufacturing technology is the issue. Several methods and tools, aiding in the design and implementation process, are described and evaluated.
Task and reliability analysis of lathe operation
Authors: Pines Edward , Goldberg Joseph H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAs machine tools have become larger, faster, and more automated, the role of the machinist has changed from a primary operator to a system monitor, who is further removed from the machining process. Estimation of system reliability must still consider the human monitor as an integral component, hut human failure estimates are harder to make as the operator is further removed from direct system control. To illustrate system reliability analysis for specific machining tasks, the reliability of both manual and computer‐numerical controlled (CNC) lathe operation tasks were evaluated. A task analysis was initially completed, detailing common failure modes in each subtask. Using the Technique for Human Error Prediction (THERP), human operator reliability was estimated at 0.90 for a 30‐element manual task, and 0.95 for an 18‐element CNC task. These estimates were considered acceptable for nonproduction work. Further decreases in reliability in the CNC task are expected as the result of operator program changes during machining. THERP was most useful in developing initial estimates of human reliability for the tasks, but additional studies are recommended in the areas of operator scanning strategies and human reliability in performance of more complex machining tasks.
Safety aspects in the use of radio‐controlled cranes in finnish industry
Authors: Pesonen J. , Lahtinen K. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRecently, the use of radio‐controlled cranes in Finnish manufacturing industry has increased considerably. This development has resulted in the diversification of tasks, more effective use of cranes, and sometimes also the improvement of working conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate safety effects of radio control and to identify the conditions where the use of radio‐controlled cranes is functional and, on the other hand, problematic. Data regarding experience in the use of radio‐controlled cranes in Finnish industry were collected with a questionnaire. A total of 70 manufacturing enterprises responded; they had a total of 252 cranes equipped with a radio‐control system. Data on cranes and their use, radio‐control devices, safety, and the properties of radio‐control systems were analyzed. The safely inspectors' observations on defects in the implementation of radio‐controlled cranes gave additional information about factors to be considered in the evaluation of hazards. Ergonomic properties of the control devices were also studied.
Chicken or egg? The interaction between manufacturing technologies and paradigms of work organization
Authors: Webster Juliet 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis article considers the development of Computer Aided Production Management as a function of paradigms of work organization. CAPM design has been heavily influenced by manufacturing fashions—U.S. models of centralized production, and now, Japanese manufacturing methods. CAPM implementation is an important site for further technological innovation. To make CAPM workable in local conditions, users have to expend considerable effort in system customization. Case studies demonstrate how these systems are reconfigured when the standardized structures and rigid procedures of CAPM fail to fit users' own idiosyncratic manufacturing circumstances. Innovation therefore continues into the implementation stage of a technology's development.
Human resource issues in manufacturing improvement initiatives: Case study experiences in australia
Authors: Samson D. , Sohal A. , Ramsay E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis article examines, using a case study format, companies that have attempted to introduce just‐in‐time, total quality management, and advanced manufacturing technologies as new manufacturing improvement initiatives. In all cases, it was found that the new systems cannot simply be placed into an organization without carefully attending to a number of human resource issues such as training and skills, cooperation and involvement, and overall work culture. In manufacturing management practice, the case studies indicate that although the content of new systems is well understood, the human resource process issues associated with implementing change are not.
Allowing for the human element: Human factors in small manufacturing enterprises
Authors: Wilson John R. , Neely Andy D. , Aggarwal Nina 
Published: July 2007

AbstractManufacturing industry is increasingly realizing that promoting greater involvement of workforces in the development and running of companies is a key to successful enterprises. A large human factors collaborative project between academia, government, and small manufacturing enterprises is discussed in this article. Two particular major strands of the work are taken up in more detail. The first involves the development of a framework within which human factors issues can be explained, examined, and promoted. The second strand embraces many of the pertinent human factors issues such as goal and target setting, performance measurement, reporting and reward systems, which are being examined as part of a detailed study of goal congruence.