bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OESTROGEN – ANTI-OESTROGEN INTERACTION: EFFECT OF U11100A, MRL-41 (CLOMIPHENE) AND U11555A ON OESTROGEN INDUCED UTERINE GLYCOGEN AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE RAT DURING DELAYED IMPLANTATION
Authors: Mohla Suresh , Prasad M. R. N. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A comparative study of three non-steroidal anti-oestrogens (a dihydronaphthalene, UlllOOA; a diphenylindene derivative, U-11555A and MRL-41 (clomiphene) was made in order to study their mode of action and their interaction with oestrogen induced biochemical changes in the uterus.
Pretreatment with UlllOOA, clomiphene or U11555A effectively blocked the oestrogen induced increase in uterine glycogen and protein synthesis. However, all the three compounds tested were found to be uterotrophic; clomiphene also increased uterine glycogen while U11555A showed a transient oestrogenic action in increasing uterine protein. Clomiphene and U11100A have been shown to inhibit the uptake of oestrogen at the receptor sites. Our results may be interpreted as indicating that pretreatment with these compounds (U11100A, clomiphene or U11555A) blocked the uterine receptor sites in such a manner so as to render ineffective the action of oestrogen administered subsequently.
PLASMA THYROTROPHIN LEVELS IN THYROID DISEASE AND EFFECT OF TREATMENT
Authors: Lemarchand-Béraud Th. , Scazziga B. R. , Vannotti A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A radioimmunoassay has been developed and was applied in a first study to the determinations of human plasma TSH in normal subjects. In the present work a systematic study was made of the relation between the pituitary and the thyroid gland in thyroid disease, and on the effect of various forms of treatment in 750 patients. Normal values for adults of both sexes were found to be 0.19 mU/ml, referred to the international bovine TSH standard (USP).
No TSH was found in pituitary hypothyroidism. Elevated levels, up to fifteen times those of normal subjects, were found in myxoedema. The low initial values in all forms of thyrotoxicosis were followed by modifications during treatment depending on the kind of treatment used. Every qualitative or quantitative deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion was accompanied by an elevation of TSH (euthyroid nodular goitre, thyroid carcinoma, subacute thyroiditis and Hashimoto's disease) and treatment with thyroid hormones induced a rapid fall in plasma TSH. The action of lysine vasopressin was also studied.
DETERMINATION OF CORTISOL IN CAPILLARY BLOOD FROM MAN
Authors: Jansen Jens Aas , Schou Jens , Hvidberg Eigill 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A spectrophotofluorometric micromethod for the determination of cortisol in plasma is shown to give satisfactory results when used on plasma from ear lobe blood as compared with determinations on simultaneously drawn vein puncture blood. 200 μl heparinized plasma is sufficient for a double determination. The method allows frequent multi-analysis of plasma cortisol, only small amounts of blood are drawn and there is little inconvenience for the patient.
IN VITRO STOFFWECHSEL VON [4-14C]-TESTOSTERON IN VESICULARDRÜSEN VON RATTEN
Authors: Henrichs Helmut R. , Dirscherl Wilhelm 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Experiments to elucidate the in vitro metabolism of [4-14C] -testosterone in seminal vesicles of rats are described. Besides unchanged testosterone, the following metabolites were isolated and identified by their chromatographic behaviour: 3α,17β-dihydroxy-5α-androstan, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione, 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one, 3β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one, 5α-androstane-3,17-dione. The first 3 of these compounds were also identified by the inverse isotope dilution technique. The reduction in ring A yields 5α-metabolites only.
THE ESTIMATION OF 3α-HYDROXY-5α-ANDROST-16-ENE AND OTHER C19-Δ16-STEROIDS IN URINE BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Brooksbank B. W. L. , Gower D. B. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A method is described for the quantitative estimation of C19-Δ16-steroids in human urine. After extraction and preliminary purification by the method of Brooksbank & Haslewood (1961), the steroids were analyzed as chloromethyl dimethylsilyl ethers by gas-liquid chromatography. The specificity, accuracy and precision of the method were found to be satisfactory and comparison with the colorimetric method of Brooksbank & Haslewood (1961) for urinary 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-16-ene showed a high correlation coefficient, r = 0.97 (P < 0.001). Figures are given for the urinary excretion rate of 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-16-ene of normal men and women and of some women suffering from hirsutism and from adrenocortical overactivity. The values are given for 3α-hydroxy-5β-androst-16-ene and 3β-hydroxyandrosta-5,16-diene in pools of urine from healthy men and women.
ACETATE AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN THE HUMAN FOETO-PLACENTAL UNIT AT MIDGESTATION
Authors: Telegdy G. , Weeks J. W. , Wiqvist N. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Two midgestation placentas were perfused with 2.5 mCi of uniformly labelled 14C-sodium acetate plus 2.5 mCi cholesterol-7α-3H. and two complete foeto-placental units were perfused with 5.0 mCi of 14C-labelled sodium acetate plus 5.0 mCi of cholesterol-7α-3H. The perfusions were carried out at 35–36°C for 90 min.
After the perfusion of the isolated placentas, the following 3H-labelled steroids were isolated from the placentas as well as from the perfusates in a radiochemically homogeneous form: pregnenolone (3β-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one), progesterone (pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione), 20α-dihydroprogesterone (20α-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one), 20β-dihydroprogesterone (20β-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one), 17α-hydroxy-pregnenolone (3β,17α-dihydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one),dehydroepiandrosterone(3β-hydroxy-androst-5-en-17-one) and 17β-oestradiol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol).
The same compounds were also isolated from the placentas following the perfusion of the complete foeto-placental units.
With the exception of pregnenolone and progesterone, all steroids were isolated in minute quantities.
None of the steroids isolated contained any 14C-label.
It is concluded that the midgestation human placenta is not capable of carrying out any de novo steroid synthesis from acetate and that cholesterol is an obligatory precursor in placental steroidogenesis.
COMPARISON BETWEEN OESTROGENIC AND ANTIFERTILITY ACTION OF BIS(P-ACETOXY PHENYL)CYCLOHEXYLIDENE METHANE (F 6066; SEXOVID®; CYCLOFENIL NFN) IN THE MOUSE
Authors: Carlborg Lars 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A diphenyl-ethylene derivative (F 6066; Cyclofenil, NFN) previously described as a weak oestrogen was compared with oestradiol benzoate (OE2B) as an abortifacient in pregnant mice. Evaluation of the respective oestrogenic potencies, using the mouse uterine weight test was performed. This test indicated that oestradiol benzoate was about 2000 times more active than F 6066. If the compounds were given daily on days 2–5 of pregnancy the corresponding ratio was 1000, indicating a relatively higher (2 × abortifacient action of F 6066. Day 2 of pregnancy appeared to be the most sensitive for either drug. When given only on this day, however, the ratio abortifacient/oestrogenic potency did not differ from that of OE2B. The small differences recorded may depend on biological variations and differences in duration of action. Compound F 6066 appeared most likely to interfere with pregnancy because of its oestrogenic properties.
MODE OF ACTION OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE ON THE SECRETION AND RELEASE OF LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) IN THE CASTRATED RAM
Authors: Pelletier Jean 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The mode of action of a single injection of testosterone propionate on LH secretion and release has been studied in the castrated ram.
In the first experiment, six castrated rams were injected intramuscularly with 400 mg of testosterone propionate, and the plasma LH levels were assayed by radioimmunoassay: on the first day after treatment, the plasma LH levels decreased significantly (P < 0.001), then remained at a very low level for 5–7 days; initial LH levels were restored by day 9. Testosterone propionate thus blocks the discharge of LH.
A second experiment was then performed. Castrated rams in groups of 3 were killed either without treatment (control group D0), or 2, 7 or 9 days after the injection of testosterone propionate (groups D2, D7 and D9). In addition to the plasma LH, hypophyseal LH and hypothalamus LRF (LH releasing factor) were measured: the LRF activity was assessed by the quantity of LH released in vitro from the hypophysis of castrated rats blocked with testosterone propionate. The LH released into the incubation medium and the hypophyseal LH of the ram were measured by the ovarian ascorbic acid method and by radioimmunology.
The results of the plasma LH assays were comparable to those in the first experiment: plasma LH was significantly decreased in group D2, increased in group D7 and was restored in group D9. Hypophyseal levels, on the other hand, increased in groups D2 and D7, but were comparable to the controls in group D9, indicating that the injection of testosterone propionate had little or no effect on LH secretion.
Finally, the LRF activity was considerably reduced in group D2 (P<0.001) as compared with the controls (D0), but similar to the control values in group D9. Although secretion appeared normal, the decreased plasma LH levels in group D2 indicated that LRF had not been released; consequently the decrease in LRF observed can be interpreted as being due to an inhibition of its synthesis under the influence of testosterone propionate.
STEROID FORMATION IN PORCINE OVARIAN TISSUE IN VITRO
Authors: Aakvaag Asbjørn 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Slices of non-luteinized porcine ovaries have been incubated in the presence or absence of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and exogenous radioactive substrates. Progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione were isolated in a radiochemically pure form. The chemical mass and the specific activity were determined by gas liquid chromatography and liquid scintillation spectrometry.
HCG stimulated the rate of formation of androstenedione in the absence of exogenous substrates with a factor of 4–8. In the presence of pregnenolone or progesterone at a concentration of about 2 × 10−6 mol/l the stimulatory effect of HCG was either abolished or markedly reduced. The conversion of exogenous progesterone to androstenedione was reduced in response to HCG indicating that the capacity of the tissue to convert progesterone to androstenedione was limited, and that the limit was reached at this rather low substrate concentration. These findings furthermore suggest that the endogenous rather than the exogenous radioactive substrate will be »preferred« by the tissue. The observations demonstrate the necessity of measuring both the radioactivity and the chemical mass of the products in investigations of this type using radioactive substrates.
The formation of progesterone from endogenous substrates was also stimulated by HCG. [1-14C] acetate and [7α-3H]cholesterol were not utilized by the tissue for steroid formation. Exogenous [4-14C] pregnenolone and [7α-3H] progesterone in similar concentration were both utilized for production of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione. HCG had no effect on the relative utilization of the radioactive substrates.
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HUMAN URINARY FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE
Authors: Petrusz P. , Robyn C. , Diczfalusy E. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The biological effects of human follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations were studied in intact immature female mice and in hypophysectomized immature female and male rats, following the complete neutralization of the luteinizing hormone (LH) content of human urinary menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) preparations having – prior to neutralization – FSH:LH ratios ranging between 1.0 and 500.0. Neutralization of LH was achieved by the addition of rabbit anti-human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) sera of known anti-LH potency. The amount of anti-LH employed was 1.5 to 730 times more than that required for 100% neutralization.
In intact immature female mice, such »LH-free« FSH preparations induced an increased ovarian weight, follicle stimulation, as well as a uterine weight increase.
In immature hypophysectomized female rats, »LH-free« FSH preparations induced ovarian weight increase, growth and maturation of the Graafian follicles without repair of the deficient interstitial cells and without any signs of luteinization. These ovarian changes were associated with an increase in uterine weight and with vaginal cornification. In view of these data, it is concluded that human urinary FSH per se is capable of inducing oestrogen synthesis in hypophysectomized female rats.
In immature hypophysectomized male rats, »LH-free« FSH preparations induced testicular enlargement without any stimulation of the testicular interstitial cells and without any growth of the ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. The same effects were obtained following a prolonged administration (3 weeks); spermiogenesis was stimulated, but no mature spermatozoa were found.
ENDOCRINE PROFILE OF A NEW PROGESTATIONAL STEROID
Authors: Boris Alfred , De Martino Louis , Trmal Thelma 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
In the Clauberg-McPhail assay Ro 7-2133 (4,6-Dichloro-17α-hydroxy-pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione,acetate) was found to be at least fifty times more potent than progesterone. Ro 7-2133 did not manifest antigonadotrophic, androgenic, anabolic, uterotrophic, thymolytic, or anti-inflammatory activities in rats at dosages which were substantially above the progestational dose in rabbits. The compound did not cause adrenal atrophy in rats after ten days of treatment and did not interfere with fertility or fecundity in mice. Ro 7-2133 was weakly anti-androgenic in castrated rats and intact chicks and showed weak antagonism toward the uterotrophic activity of oestradiol in immature rats.
STUDIES ON THE INACTIVATION OF PANCREOZYMIN CONCENTRATES
Authors: Hartiala Kaarlo , Gershbein Leon L. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
The loss in hormonal activity resulting on incubation of pancreozymin concentrates with canine blood serum at 37°C has been investigated. The test extracts comprised (SI), a solid obtained from treatment of a salted acid extract of the upper intestinal mucosa with trichloroacetic acid and the amine precipitate, (AP), derived from SI. The decrease in activity was determined in relation to an incubated concentrate-saline solution in dogs with the main pancreatic duct cannulated. Fluid secretion was promoted by potent secretin preparations in saline administered by single injection or by continuous infusion. As based on the total amylase content of the pancreatic juice samples, the hormonal concentrates underwent rather small losses in activity, the AP requiring higher dilutions with serum for an effect as compared to SI. Canine liver extract and a hog kidney diamine oxidase concentrate caused inactivation of pancreozymin products but bovine and canine plasma protein fractions, heavy metal salt and thiol solutions and possibly, human urine, were without action.
CHANGES IN THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN LEVELS IN THYROTOXICOSIS AND IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS AFTER TRIIODOTHYRONINE ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Harvey R. F. , Williams E. S. , Ellis S. , Ekins R. P. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) levels were found to be significantly lower in 40 thyrotoxic patients than in 70 healthy subjects. A similar mean fall in TBG of 18% was produced by administration of 'physiological' doses of triiodothyronine to healthy volunteers. However, intramuscular injection of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) had no consistent effect on the level of TBG as measured up to 4 days after injection. These findings are believed to explain the anomalous results described by earlier workers. It is suggested that TBG concentration is regulated by unknown mechanisms subject to the influence of many hormones, including triiodothyronine.
STEROID EXCRETION AND BIOSYNTHESIS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO C19-Δ16-STEROIDS IN AN INFANT WITH A VIRILIZING ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Gower D. B. , Daly J. R. , Snodgrass G. J. A. I. , Stern Margaret I. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
A case of a 15-month old girl with a virilizing adrenocortical carcinoma is described. Three C19-Δ16-steroids, 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-16-diene, 3α-hydroxy-5β-androst-16-ene and 3β-hydroxy-androsta-5,16-diene, have been obtained from the glucuronide fraction of the urine and identified by column and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques. Estimation of these compounds, not normally present in infants' urine, showed that adult female amounts were being excreted, although post-operatively very little was detected. Androsterone, aetiocholanolone and especially dehydroepiandrosterone were present in excessive amounts preoperatively; approximately one-third of the dehydroepiandrosterone was excreted as glucuronide, the rest as sulphate. The adrenal tumour metabolized [4-14C] pregnenolone and [4-14C] progesterone to 4.7% and 0.15% respectively of 3β=hydroxy-androsta-5.16-diene. The evidence for biosynthesis of this compound from progesterone supports that obtained by other workers for the production of Δ5- from Δ4-steroids. Labelled androstenedione was also obtained from both substrates and 1 1β-hydroxyandrostenedione from progesterone. Only small quantities of radioactivity were recovered in the glucuronide and sulphate fractions from the tissue incubations.
INFLUENCE OF AN ANTIANDROGEN (CYPROTERONE) ON THE GONADOTROPHIC FUNCTION OF THE PITUITARY GLAND, ON THE GONADS AND ON METABOLISM IN NORMAL MEN
Authors: Rausch-Stroomann J.-G. , Petry R. , Hocevar V. , Mauss J. , Senge Th. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Treatment with Cyproterone 200 mg/d induced no increase of total gonadotrophins in normal subjects. Plasma testosterone was elevated during the period of treatment. An alteration in the ratio LH/FSH has been suggested.
Urinary 17-KS showed no uniform pattern, but 17-KGS were always significantly elevated during Cyproterone treatment. Seminal fluid examinations showed no effect of Cyproterone (100 and 200 mg/d, total dose 4.2–38.6 g within 9 months) on spermatogenesis in 6 adults with normal gonadal function. No increase of spermatogenesis has been observed under treatment with Cyproterone (100 mg and 200 mg/d, total dose 3.5–35.4 g within 8 months) in 7 patients with oligospermia. Over a period of 21 days no influence of Cyproterone (200 mg/d) has been observed on the function of adrenal cortex, concerning cortisol- and aldosterone production, on the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and on liver function in 5 subjects.
A RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR PARATHYROID HORMONE IN MAN
Authors: Schopman W. , Hackeng W. H. L. , Lequin R. M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) was purified up to the Sephadex-stage. The biological activity of the preparations was about 2000 U/mg solid material. Rabbits and guinea-pigs were immunized with crude and Sephadex-purified material. Antisera elicited in two guinea-pigs proved to be useful for further studies. Purification of 125I-labelled bovine PTH was carried out by adsorption to and desorption from antibodies or by means of microfine silicate. The purified labelled hormone showed excellent binding to the antibodies. Maximum sensitivity of the assay system of 10 pg per incubation medium could be achieved by a pre-incubation method. The selectivity of the system was studied.
HORMONAL STEROIDS IN THE ARMADILLO, DASYPUS NOVEMCINTUS
Authors: Brinck-Johnsen Truls 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
[4-14C]Testosterone, [4-14C]androst-4-ene-3,17-dione and [1,2-3H]androst-4-ene-3,17-dione were aromatized by armadillo placental preparations in vitro to form oestrone and 17β-oestradiol. The armadillo placenta possessed this steroid aromatizing enzyme system both early and late during pregnancy.
Conclusive evidence for the biosynthesis of oestrone and 17β-oestradiol was established by obtaining constant tritium/carbon-14 ratios during several thin layer chromatographic steps in conjunction with derivative formation, after first adding authentic oestrogen with isotope label different from that of the labelled precursor. In spite of the placental capacity for oestrogen biosynthesis, extraction of plasma, urine and placental tissue revealed only very small, although analytically significant amounts of oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, assayed by highly sensitive spectrofluorometric techniques.
EFFECTS OF COMBINED AND LOW-DOSE GESTAGEN ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON PLASMA LIPIDS; INCLUDING INDIVIDUAL PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Authors: Larsson-Cohn U. , Berlin R. , Vikrot O. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
Free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides (TG), total and free cholesterol, total phospholipids and the individual phospholipids lysolecithin, sphingomyelin, lecithin and cephalin were determined in four groups of women, each consisting of nine or ten subjects. The determinations were performed before treatment and about every third month during one year of medication. Two combined drugs, Anconcene® (Chlormadinone acetate = CMA, 3 mg + mestranol 0.1 mg) and Conluten® (Norethindrone = NET, 2 mg + mestranol 0.1 mg) and two low-dose gestagen drugs, CMA 0.5 mg and NET 0.4 mg were used.
FFA decreased in the Anconcene group. TG increased among those taking Anconcene, Conluten and NET. Slight increases of cholesterol were noted in the two groups taking combined drugs. Total phospholipids were increased in the Anconcene group and the Conluten group. Among the individual phospholipids, changes appeared similar to those found during pregnancy. They were most pronounced in the Anconcene group.
It seems that it is the oestrogenic component of the combined drugs that is responsible for many of the alterations. It is suggested that the testosterone derivative NET but not the progesterone derivative CMA may have anti-oestrogenic effect in this connection.
CONVERSION OF ANDROGENS INTO OESTROGENS BY HYDATIDIFORM MOLES IN VITRO
Authors: Houtzager Hans L. , van Leusden Hubertus A. , Siemerink Maria 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT
[1,2-3H] and [7α-3H] testosterone* and [4-14C] androstenedione incubated with hydatidiform mole tissue are converted into oestrone and oestradiol. No conversion into oestriol was observed. The radiometabolites were purified using TLC in different systems and crystallization to a constant specific activity and/or 14C/3H ratio.
Appropriate corrections were made for endogenous production of steroids during the incubation.
From time-experiments with [4-14C] androstenedione and [7α-3H] or [1,2-3H] testosterone it appears, that androstenedione is a more effective precursor than testosterone for oestrone and oestradiol.
Equilibrium oestrone ⇋ oestradiol is established more rapidly than androstenedione ⇋ testosterone. Conversion of androstenedione into oestrone is more effective than conversion of testosterone into androstenedione. Data are reported in agreement with the hypothesis of a direct pathway from testosterone to oestradiol in the shorter periods of incubation.
Determination of the endogenous pools of oestrone, oestradiol, testosterone and androstenedione synthesized during the incubations indicates that oestrone is the most important steroid produced in vitro.