bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A view of partial laryngectomy in the treatment of laryngeal cancer
Authors: Shaw H. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAttention is drawn to the problems of surgical resection by partial laryngectomy after full therapeutic dosage of telecobalt irradiation. Material is presented from two treatment centres to indicate trends in surgical treatment and the complications experienced. Results will be given which confirm a reasonable expectation of cure and functional conservation by vertical partial laryngectomy for recurrence of glottic cancer after irradiation. The results of treatment of recurrent supraglottic cancer by horizontal partial laryngectomy gave more cause for concern in terms of complications and survival. In conclusion an attempt is made, based on the quoted experience, to define the position of conservation surgery in two centres for laryngeal cancer in the United Kingdom.
The use of the underpressure chamber in the treatment of patients with Menière's disease
Authors: Van Deelen G. W. , Hulk J. , Huizing E. H. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirty-four Menière patients (43 ears) were treated in an underpressure chamber. Békésy audiometry and impedance audiometry were performed immediately before and after the exposure to underpressure. A hearing gain of more than 10 dB. was found in 19 per cent of the ears (8/43). In five ears this improvement lasted for a few days. Only one patient (2 per cent) reported a relief of tinnitus. In 9 out of the 30 patients (30 per cent) with recent vertiginous attacks a positive subjective effect on the vertigo was obtained.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx with osteoclast-like giant cells
Authors: Ferlito A. , Fmedmann I. , Recher G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAn unusual squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx containing numerous multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells in described. These cells occurred in areas of vigorous angiogenesis and haemorrhage. To our knowledge, this is the first case of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells reported in the literature. The patient has remained alive and free of clinical disease 5 years and 4 months after the original diagnosis.
Does submucosal diathermy to the inferior turbinates reduce nasal resistance to airflow in the long term?
Authors: Jones A. S. , Lancer J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe operation of submucosal diathermy is commonly performed for the relief of nasal obstruction due to mucosal swelling. In this study the effect of the procedure on nasal resistance to airflow is assessed by rhinomanometry. The results show that although the operation is effective in the short term (two months), there is no significant difference between the nasal resistances prior to surgery and at 15 months after surgery.
A study of three preparations in the treatment of otitis externa
Authors: Slack R. W. T. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryTwenty-seven patients with an initial diagnosis of otitis externa, untreated for the previous 2 weeks, were treated with weekly aural suction toilet and a choice of three topical drops. Two contained combinations of antibiotics and steroids, one of which also contained an anti-fungal agent. The third was boric acid in spirit. The patients were assessed at weekly intervals until a remission was established. From this study it would appear that antibiotic-based drops confer no real advantage over boric acid in spirit.
Fine needle aspiration biopsy and the otolaryngologist
Authors: Wilson Janet A. , McIntyre Margaret A. , von Haacke N. P. , Maran A. G. D. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA survey of the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in ENT practice was carried out over a 3-year period. The 119 aspirates were taken from a variety of head and neck sites and examined by an experienced cytopathologist. Cytology was accurate in 111 (93 per cent), with two false negative aspirates (1.7 per cent) and no false positive results. There were no complications and the technique was found to be a rapid, safe and cost-effective diagnostic tool.
Auditory brainstem evoked potentials in sudden deafness
Authors: Wilder A. , Pratt H. , Rosen G. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAuditory Brainstem Evoked Potentials (ABEP) were recorded from 53 adult subjects suffering from sudden deafness at the time of examination. The onset of sudden deafness was up to three years prior to the study. ABEP were recorded in response to 75 dBHL clicks presented at rates of 10/sec and 40/sec. ABEP peak latencies as well as interpeak latency differences, and also the effect of increasing stimulus rate, were determined for each patient and compared with the clinical symptoms. The psychoacoustic and ABEP detection thresholds were also compared.A highly significant correlation was observed between ABEP detection threshold and the psychoacoustically determined hearing threshold, and the differences between them were found to be insignificant. The results of this study indicate a central component in sudden deafness. This impairment manifests itself in abnormal effects of increasing stimulus rate on ABEP, and may be related to reduced central synaptic efficacy.
Cholesteatoma following stapedectomy
Authors: Von Haacke N. P. , Wilson Janet A. , Murray J. A. M. , Duvall E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAmong the possible complications of stapedectomy for otosclerosis, cholesteatoma is extremely rare. We report a case which was secondary to implantation of keratinising squamous epithelium inadvertantly included in the fat graft taken from the ear lobe'to seal the footplate.
Tuning fork tests in children (An evaluation of their usefulness)
Authors: Capper J. W. R. , Slack R. W. T. , Maw A. R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryDespite the huge advances in clinical audiology over the past few decades, tuning fork tests are still used extensively in the diagnosis of hearing loss. This study investigates the usefulness, reliability and accuracy of tuning fork tests in a group of children involved in a prospective study of glue ear, and shows them to be of dubious value.
Haemostatic disorders in habitual nose-bleeders
Authors: Beran Martin , Stigendal Lennart , Petruson Björn 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNinety-one habitual nose-bleeders were screened for haemostatic disorders. 46 screening results in 38 nose-bleeders were outside the normal range. After extended investigation, it was found that 25 (27 per cent) habitual nose-bleeders had haemostatic disorders, all except one in the primary haemostasis. The disorders found could be classified as mild bleeding disorders (MBD) and compared to the estimated frequency of MBD in the population there was an increased incidence of haemostatic disorders in the habitual nose-bleeders. Abnormal vessels in the nasal mucosa were present in 85 per cent of the investigated nose-bleeders, equaly distributed between nose-bleeders with and without haemostatic disorders. This indicates that abnormal vessels and haemostatic disorders occur independently of each other. When screening for haemostatic disorders in habitual nose-bleeders, it is possible to detect previously unknown but clinically important disorders.
Hearing loss after general anaesthesia
Authors: Hochermann Max , Reimer Åke 
Published: November 2007

AbstractUnilateral hearing loss has been reported as an unusual complication in general anaesthesia, and so far no reports on bilateral hearing loss have been published. In this paper we present a case with bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment immediately following a minor abdominal surgical procedure. The literature is reviewed and the mechanisms causing hearing loss during anaesthesia are discussed.
The early complications of inferior trubinectomy
Authors: Dawes P. J. D. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA retrospective study has assessed the early complications occurring in 90 patients who underwent inferior turbinectomy during a 3-year period. The operation was complicated by haemorrhage, adhesions, crusting, infection and septal perforation in a proportion of cases, the overall incidence being 20 per cent, and that of significant reactionary or secondary haemorrhage was 9 per cent. Attention has been directed towards possible aetiological factors and measures proposed that may minimise the occurrence of complications.
Intraluminal crystalloids in malignant salivary gland tumours
Authors: Ro Jae Y. , Mackay Bruce , Batsakis John G. , Cartwright Joiner 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe ultrastructural, X-ray microanalytical, histochemical and immunocytochemi-cal features of intraluminal crystalloids found in adenocarcinomas of the parotid gland have been studied. The crystalloids, putatively derived from an abnormal crystalization of salivary duct proteins, are considerably different from the crystalloids found in normal parotid glands, pleomorphic adenomas, and sialocysts.
Pendred's syndrome
Authors: Johnsen T. , Larsen C. , Friis J. , Hougaard-Jensen F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSeventeen unrelated Danish patients with Pendred's syndrome, whose case stories have not been published previously, are presented. Acoustic and vestibular functions were examined and endocrinological screening was performed. There was a great variation in hearing ability as well as in thyroid function. Furthermore, in contrast to previous investigations, normal caloric function was demonstrated in the majority. In all patients a Mondini malformation was demonstrated. On the basis of this investigation it is concluded that: (1) the Mondini defect is part of Pendred's syndrome; (2) the inherited Mondini malformation is the underlying cause of the sensorineural hearing impairment; and (3) the hearing sensitivity varies greatly in these patients.
Bifid condyle of the mandible with associated polythelia and manual anomalies
Authors: Zohar Yuval , Laurian Nelo 
Published: November 2007

SummarySyndromes of oro-mandibular-skeletal anomalies are confusing by their ambiguous and overlapping components. It is our purpose to bring attention to a case comprising a group of anomalies: bifid mandibular condyle, asymmetric contralateral ascending ramus of the mandible, supernumerary nipples (polythelia), supernumerary-rudimentary postaxial sixth fingers and clinodactyly. The associated malformations presented do not correspond to any previous report. The case may therefore represent a new malformation syndrome.
The use of Walkman mini-sterco system as a tinnitus masker
Authors: Al-Jassim A. H. H. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryA study was done on 41 patients to compare the use of the Walkman Mini-stereo system with different types of phones to mask tinnitus, by using music, or relaxation or different bands of noise similar to those generated by a tinnitus masker or pure tone, and it was found that the Walkman Mini-stereo system with any types of phone, was as effective, and more economic, both to patients and to the N.H.S., than traditional tinnitus maskers. It should be recommended for the management of tinnitus i n preference to the traditional tinnitus maskers.
Meningitis after trans-sphenoidal excision of pituitary tumours
Authors: Gransden W. R. , Wickstead M. , Eykyn Susannah J. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryBetween 1974 and 1986, eleven of 114 patients undergoing trans-sphenoidal removal of pituitary tumours developed meningitis despite prophylaxis, usually with chloramphenicol. Nine patients had cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and one died. A variety of pathogens was isolated, including enterobacteria, and four of the eleven were resistant to the antibiotics given as prophylaxis. Enterobacterial meningitis was always associated with infection of the sphenoidal sinus involving the muscle graft or nasal pack (five cases), and removal of the muscle graft was necessary in three cases despite the use of appropriate antibiotics.
Thermal myringotomy
Authors: Ruckley R. W. , Blair R. L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThirty-six children with bilateral secretory otitis media were treated by thermal myringotomy and middle ear aspiration in one ear, and conventional myringotomy, middle ear aspiration and Shepard grommet insertion in the other ear. All children underwent adenoidectomy. Comparing the effectiveness of the two different procedures over a three-month review period, our main findings are as follows. All thermal perforations were closed by 42 days. Elimination of middle ear fluid was achieved in 81 per cent of the thermal myringotomy group, and in 100 per cent of the grommet group. While there was no significant difference in the hearing improvement between the procedures, conventional myringotomy and grommet insertion provided significantly better sustained middle ear ventilation.
Use of bronchoscopic CO2laser in palliation of obstruction tracheobronchial malignancy
Authors: Oswal V. , Flood L. M. , Ruckley R. W. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA review of 15 patients, who underwent 34 CO2laser bronchoscopic procedures, over a 2-year period, is presented. All had malignancies of the tracheobronchial tree and underwent laser surgery to palliate breathlessness or haemoptysis. Partially obstructing and more proximal tumours proved more easily manageable. One quarter of the patients required repeat procedures and there were two deaths in the early post-operative period. The indications for such surgery, the technique and its limitations, and the palliation obtained are discussed.
An unusual complication of epistaxis
Authors: Prescott C. A. J. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryTen days after left-sided external carotid artery ligation for control of profuse epistaxis a complete left-sided facial nerve palsy developed in a 25-year-old male. Abnormal bleeding or clotting disorders had been excluded. It is postulated that either thrombosis or embolus obstructed the petrosal branch from the middle meningeal artery on the same side with subsequent ischaemia resulting in nerve degeneration of the intratemporal portion of the facial nerve.
Long-term presence of a denture fragment in the airway
Authors: Poukkula A. , Ruotsalainen E.-M. , Jokinen K. , Palva A. , Nuorviita J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTwo cases are reported in which a denture fragment was lodged in the bronchus for a period of six years. Bronchial asthma which did not worsen immediately after inhalation and other misleading factors made the diagnosis more difficult in the first case, whilst the respiratory symptoms in the second case appeared only 4 years after inhalation. Haemoptysis 2 years later led to a bronchoscopy and the removal of the foreign body.
The tympanic membrane in cross section: a finite element analysis
Authors: Lesser T. H. J. , Williams K. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis paper applies the technique of finite element analysis to the tympanic membrane. A Two-dimensional cross-sectional model of the tympanic membrane and malleus is described. A variety of experiments have been performed on this model, and displacements under a uniform load are analysed. The shape of the displaced membrane and the movement of the umbo were found tobe sensitive to a number of factors. These include the elastic modulus of the membrane, the presence and position of the axis or rotation of the malleus, and the size of the pars flaccida. Some implications of these results are discussed.
Staging in the treatment of maxillary carcinoma revisited
Authors: Liu Fang-Cheng , strome Marshall 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe site of origin of maxillary sinus carcinoma will not infrequently predetermine the varied neurological signs at presentation. Modifying Ohngren's division, the maxillary sinus can be divided into for quadrants based on anantomical nerve correlates, thus facilitating identification of the primary site. An inclusive classification of maxillary sinus caricinoma based on Broder's grading, site of origin, the TNM classification and the patient's general condition, serves as the basic for a correlative therapeutic regimen.
Clinical application of electrolaryngograph for speech rehabilitation in near-total laryngectomy with myo-mucosal valved neoglottis
Authors: Singh Waryam 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNear-total laryngectomy with myomucosal valved neoglottis is the most recent of the various surgical proceedures for speech rehabilitation. The electrolaryngographic wave form (Lx), which was recorded initially to explore the site and mechanism of phonatory function of the neoglottis, has been successfully used in speech rehabilitation of these patients. In a pilot study it was tried as a visual feedback. The results confirm its utility for speech rehabilitation of these laryngectomees.
Middle turbinate osteoma; an unusual cause of nasal obstruction
Authors: Whittet H. B. , Quiney R. E. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOsteomas are common benign tumours of the paranasal sinuses, but are usually asymptomatic and found as a coincidental finding during routine radiological investigations. We present a case report of a patient with an isolated osteoma of the middle turbinate presenting with unilateral nasal obstruction which required removal via a lateral rhinotomy approach. The aetiology, pathology and presenting features of these tumours are reviewed and their subsequent management discussed. In particular, adequate pre-operative radiological assessment to determine involvement of the cribriform plate region by computerized axial tomography (CAT Scanning) is emphasized since this may indicate the need for a cranio-facial surgical approach rather than a lateral rhinotomy to achieve complete removal.
Antroscleroma
Authors: Saad Ezzat F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOedema, hypertrophy, polyposis, atrophy or empyema of the maxillary sinus are common features of rhinoscleroma. However, actual involvement of the antrum by the nasal granuloma is rare and primary scleroma of the antrum is of extreme rarity. Three cases of antroscleroma are presented, one secondary to an extensive rhinoscleroma and two primary. The difference in the physical, biological and microbiological environment in the antrum from that in the nose might explain the rarity of antroscleroma.
Medical management of active chronic otitis media: A controlled study
Authors: Browning G. G. , Gatehouse S. , Calder I. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAbout 2 per cent of adults have active chronic otitis media, the majority being managed by medical means. Previous controlled studies have been unable to show benefit from any medication, including systemic or topical antibiotics, but the effect of the addition of topical steroids to the latter has never been evaluated.One hundred and sixty three adults with active chronic otitis media were randomly allocated to receive either antibiotic/steroid ear drops or placebo therapy over a 4–6 week period. Fifty-two per cent of ears receiving active therapy, as opposed to 30 per cent on placebo therapy (p<0.05), became otoscopically inactive if compliance to medication was greater than 70 per cent. However, when there was an open mastoid cavity, active therapy was no more successful than placebo. Though gentamicin was the antibiotic used, there was no evidence of ototoxic inner ear damage.Surprisingly, correlation between clinical activity and patient report of a discharge was poor. Forty percent of both treatment groups considered that their ear had become dry following therapy and these were not the same patients whose ears had become otoscopically inactive.
Pseudomonas vaccination in chronic ear disease
Authors: Kent S. E. , Jones R. 
Published: November 2007

SummaryThis paper presents the results of a pilot study of vaccination in thirteen patients with chronically infected mastoid cavities or central perforations of the tympanic membrane. In each patient Pseudomonas aeruginosa was repeatedly cultured from the ear and a long list of medical and surgical treatments had been tried, without success, to control the infection. The clinical, bacteriological and immunological responses were monitored over a six-month period.The results are extremely encouraging. Eight patients' ears became dry for the first time in many years. However, three months after vaccination three ears had become reinfected.All of the patients except one had a good immunological response to vaccination, with many-fold increases in the total serum immunoglobulin G, A and M levels.
Pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland: superficial parotidectomy or limited excision?
Authors: Wennmo C. , Spandow O. , Emgård P. , Krouthén B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn this retrospective study of parotid tumours. 57 patients with pleomorphic adenomas were treated with superficial parotidectomy and 33 patients with limited excision. The follow-up period has been 4–14 years. When the operation was superficial parotidectomy, recurrences occurred in 8.7 per cent compared to 6 per cent in cases of limited excision. Side-effects such as permanent weakness of the facial nerve or postoperative gustatory sweating were also more common when superficial parotidectomy was performed. The post-operative results observed suggest that limited excision under magnification is more favourable than superficial parotidectomy in the treatment of pleomorphic adenomas.
The surgical anatomy for multiple-electrode extracochlear implant operations
Authors: Franz Burkhard K-H. G. , Clark Graeme M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractDirect access to the whole length of the cochlear turns via endaural middle ear approach for the placement of extracochlear electrodes is severely restricted. Approximately 10 mm. of the cochlear turns are accessible, being less than a third of their length. The middle cranial fossa, the facial nerve, the internal carotid artery and the temporomandibular joint restrict the access. A further restriction is caused by the position of the cochlea and the direction of its axis. The anterior part of the cochlea lies anterior to the tympanic membrane and medial to the temporomandibular joint, thus limiting an endaural approach to a posterolateral direction. Despite this limitation small sections of the basal, middle and apical turns of the cochlea can be reached.
Auditory brain stem responses (ABR) in patients with acute severe closed head injuries
Authors: Elwany Samy 
Published: November 2007

AbstractABR were recorded in 68 cases suffering from severe acute closed head injuries. Abnormal recordings were observed in 60 per cent of patients, and the abnormalities ranged from prolongation of the interpeak latency intervals to complete absence of auditory brain stem activity. Based on the results obtained, a grading system was developed and correlated with the neurological outcome. It was concluded that ABR is a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool which can provide valuable information about the function of the brain stem in these patients. Inclusion of ABR studies in the head injury management protocol is strongly recommended.
A prospective randomized trial of suture material in aural wound closure
Authors: Willatt D. J. , Durham L. , Ramadan M. F. , Bark-Jones N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare synthetic monofilament suture materials with chromic catgut and silk in aural wound closure. Forty patients undergoing mastoidectomy or tympanoplasty were randomized to closure with either 30 PDS (Polydioxanone) to fascia plus 30 Prolene to skin, or 20 chromic catgut to fascia plus 30 silk to skin. Known or suspected factors affecting wound healing were recorded. Nine patients had post-operative wound infections. The infection rate was significantly lower in wounds closed with PDS and Prolene (χ2 = 6.05, p<.05), and in tympanoplasty operations (χ2 = 4.42, p<.05). Four patients suffered wound dehiscence, all four had been closed with catgut and silk. No other complication of wound healing was noted in the trial. In conclusion, PDS and Prolene are superior suture materials to catgut and silk in the closure of aural wounds.