bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sauce hollandaise, mit drei Sternen oder als Tüte aus dem Supermarkt. Delikate Grenzflächen Teil 2
Authors: Roth Klaus 
Published: June 2008

AbstractDie mit Eigelb aufgeschlagenen Saucen gehören zum Feinsten, was eine gute Küche bieten kann. Die physikalisch‐chemischen Grundlagen dieser empfindlichen Öl‐in‐Wasser‐Emulsionen machen die manuelle Herstellung mühselig. Deswegen bieten Supermärkte für die schnelle Küche verschiedenste Fertigprodukte an, wobei vor allem kalorienarme Produkte vom Verbraucher gefragt sind. Die Rezepturen verschiedener Fertigprodukte werden mit denen selbstgemachter Saucen verglichen. Auf wissenschaftlicher Basis wird ein narrensicheres Rezept zur Herstellung einer klassischen und einer leichteren Variante der Sauce hollandaise vorgestellt.
Das alchemistische Labor im Schloss Weikersheim
Authors: Schwedt Georg 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn einem der bedeutendsten Renaissance‐Schlösser des Landes Baden‐Württemberg ist in der ehemaligen Schlossküche eine sehenswerte ständige Alchemieausstellung eingerichtet worden. Der Erbauer des Schlosses, Graf Wolfgang II. von Hohenlohe hatte sich um 1600 unter dem Motto “Lust zu chymischen Sachen” im Zwinger ein Laboratorium einrichten lassen, in dem er selbst und ein fest angestellter Laborant experimentierten. Anhand von Forschungsergebnissen gelang eine Rekonstruktion dieses alchemistischen Labors.
Phase 2 study of intraperitoneal topotecan as consolidation chemotherapy in ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinoma
Authors: Muntz Howard G. , Malpass Thomas W. , McGonigle Kathryn F. , Robertson Mandy D. , Weiden Paul L. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Intravenous topotecan is approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC). In intraperitoneal (i.p.) topotecan studies, 20 mg/m2 dosing was tolerable. This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of i.p. topotecan as consolidation chemotherapy in patients with OC or primary peritoneal cancers (PPCs).METHODS.Patients with stage III/IV ovarian or PPC in clinical complete response after surgical cytoreduction and intravenous carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy who had benign findings or minimal persistent disease (≤1 cm diameter) at second‐look surgery were eligible. Intraperitoneal topotecan 20 mg/m2 was infused once every 21 days for 4 to 6 cycles. Kaplan‐Meier estimates were used to calculate progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).RESULTS.Twenty patients were enrolled (18 [90%] patients had OC). Sixteen patients received 4 cycles, 3 patients received 6 cycles, and 1 patient withdrew after 1 cycle. The mean delivered dose was 18 mg/m2. Grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (45% for both). Grade 1/2 abdominal distension and nausea were reported in 60% and 40% of patients, respectively. Median PFS was 24 months from second‐look surgery (95% confidence intervals [CI]: ±10 months). Sixteen patients were alive and median OS was not reached at the time of data analysis. OS estimated at either 30 months from second‐look surgery, or 3 years from initial diagnosis, was 84% (95% CI, 68%‐100%).CONCLUSIONS.Consolidation i.p. topotecan is a feasible option for women withadvanced ovarian and primary peritoneal cancers. Further investigation of i.p. topotecan is warranted in this patient population. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Intensity‐modulated chemoradiation for treatment of stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Huang Kim , Xia Ping , Chuang Cynthia , Weinberg Vivian , Glastonbury Christine M. , Eisele David W. , Lee Nancy Y. , Yom Sue S. , Phillips Theodore L. , Quivey Jeanne M. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Treatment outcomes for stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concurrent chemotherapy without prior surgical resection were reviewed.METHODS.Between April 2000 and September 2004, 71 patients underwent IMRT concurrent with chemotherapy without prior surgical resection for stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma. Chemotherapy was platinum based. The gross tumor volume (GTV) received 70 Gy in 2.12 Gy per fraction. The high‐risk clinical tumor volume (CTV) received 59.4 Gy in 1.80 Gy per fraction, and the low‐risk CTV received 54 Gy in 1.64 Gy per fraction.RESULTS.With a median follow‐up of 33 months, the 3‐year local, regional, and locoregional progression‐free probabilities were 94%, 94%, and 90%, respectively. The 3‐year overall survival estimate was 83%. Locoregional failures occurred in the GTV in 7 patients. Acute grade 3 or 4 toxicity developed in 35 patients. A feeding gastrostomy was placed in 25 patients. Late xerostomia was grade 0 in 16 patients, grade 1 in 31 patients, and grade 2 in 24 patients at last follow‐up. No patients experienced grade 3 or 4 late toxicity, except for 1 who developed osteoradionecrosis of the mandible.CONCLUSIONS.Excellent local and regional control was achieved with IMRT and concurrent chemotherapy without prior surgical resection in the treatment of stage III and IV oropharyngeal carcinoma. Significant sparing of the parotid glands and other critical normal tissues was possible using IMRT with moderate acute toxicities and minimal severe late effects. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Delayed emotional recovery after taxane‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Thornton Lisa M. , Carson William E. , Shapiro Charles L. , Farrar William B. , Andersen Barbara L. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere are few patient‐reported data regarding quality of life after taxane‐based adjuvant chemotherapy and none regarding mental health outcomes.METHODSThis was a naturalistic, longitudinal study that used a case–control design. Data were derived from a randomized clinical trial in patients who had stage II/III breast cancer (N = 227). Paclitaxel (Taxol) was approved for use midway during the accrual period (1994–1999). Patients who received taxanes as part of their adjuvant chemotherapy (the taxane group; n = 55) were matched with patients receiving regimens without taxanes (the no‐taxane group; n = 83) on trial arm, lymph node status, surgery type, menopausal status, and partner status. Mixed‐effects models tested for group differences in nurse evaluations of patients' symptoms and Karnofsky performance status and in patient‐reported quality of life (the 36‐item Medical Outcomes Study Short Form) and emotional distress (Profile of Mood States; Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale).RESULTSAs expected, patients in the taxane group experienced significantly higher rates of selected toxicities, including arthralgia/myalgia (45% vs 26%) and ataxia (20% vs 5%). Patients in the taxane group also had significantly worse emotional distress and mental quality of life throughout adjuvant treatment. Rates of probable clinical depression also were high. In contrast, these outcomes were improving for patients in the no‐taxane group (all P < .023). Emotional recovery for patients in the taxane group required 2 years on average versus 6 to 12 months for patients in the no‐taxane group. During Years 3 through 5, the groups had similar outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThese data suggested that taxane‐based chemotherapies confer risk for significant psychological symptoms. Depression, in particular, should be monitored. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
A systematic meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials of adjuvant chemotherapy for localized resectable soft‐tissue sarcoma
Authors: Pervaiz Nabeel , Colterjohn Nigel , Farrokhyar Forough , Tozer Richard , Figueredo Alvaro , Ghert Michelle 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The use of adjuvant chemotherapy to treat adults with localized resectable soft‐tissue sarcoma remains controversial. The objective of this systematic review was to update the 1997 meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to reassess the efficacy of doxorubicin‐based chemotherapy with respect to recurrence and survival.METHODS.A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify RCTs of adjuvant chemotherapy for adult patients diagnosed with localized resectable soft‐tissue sarcoma. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and quality of the studies using a modified version of the Detsky Quality Scale. The outcome measures were local, distant, and overall recurrence and survival calculated through the fixed effect or random effect model.RESULTS.Four new eligible trials were identified allowing for a total of 18 trials representing 1953 patients to be included in the analysis. The odds ratios (OR) for local recurrence was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56‐0.94; P = .02) in favor of chemotherapy. For distant and overall recurrence the OR was 0.67 (95% CI 0.56‐0.82; P = .0001) in favor of chemotherapy. In terms of survival, doxorubicin alone had an OR of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.68‐1.03; P = .09), which as not statistically significant. However, the OR for doxorubicin combined with ifosfamide was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.36‐0.85; P = .01) in favor of chemotherapy.CONCLUSIONS.This updated meta‐analysis confirms the marginal efficacy of chemotherapy in localized resectable soft‐tissue sarcoma with respect to local recurrence, distant recurrence, overall recurrence, and overall survival. These benefits are further improved with the addition of ifosfamide to doxorubicin‐based regimens, but must be weighed against associated toxicities. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
How do patient expectancies, quality of life, and postchemotherapy nausea interrelate?
Authors: Colagiuri Ben , Roscoe Joseph A. , Morrow Gary R. , Atkins James N. , Giguere Jeffrey K. , Colman Lauren K. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Increasing evidence suggests a relation between patient expectancies and chemotherapy‐induced nausea. However, this research has often failed to adequately control for other possible contributing factors. In the current study, the contribution of patient expectancies to the occurrence and severity of postchemotherapy nausea was examined using more stringent statistical techniques (namely hierarchical regression) than other similar studies that have relied on bivariate correlations, chi‐square tests, and stepwise regression, and further extended upon previous research by including quality of life (QoL) in the analysis.METHODS.In all, 671 first‐time chemotherapy patients taking part in a trial comparing antiemetic regimens answered questions regarding their expectancies for experiencing nausea. Patients then completed a diary assessing both the occurrence and severity of their nausea in the 4 days after their first infusion.RESULTS.Stronger expectancies for nausea corresponded with greater average and peak nausea after chemotherapy and this was after controlling for age, sex, susceptibility to motion sickness, diagnosis, and QoL. Interestingly, patients classified as highly expectant (first quartile) experienced significantly greater average and peak nausea than those classified as somewhat expectant, slightly expectant, and not expectant (second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively), whereas there were no significant differences between these lower levels of expectancy. Furthermore, increases in average nausea led to a significant reduction in QoL after chemotherapy.CONCLUSIONS.Patient expectancies appear to contribute to postchemotherapy nausea and patients that are highly expectant of experiencing nausea appear to be at particular risk. Interventions that target these patients should reduce the burden of nausea and may also improve QoL. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Distribution of a splice variant of choline acetyltransferase in the trigeminal ganglion and brainstem of the rat: Comparison with calcitonin gene‐related peptide and substance P
Authors: Yasuhara Osamu , Aimi Yoshinari , Matsuo Akinori , Kimura Hiroshi 
Published: June 2008

AbstractRat trigeminal ganglion neurons have been shown to contain a splice variant of choline acetyltransferase (pChAT). Here we report the distribution pattern of pChAT‐containing afferents from the trigeminal ganglion to the brainstem, compared with that of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP), by use of the immunohistochemical techniques in the rat. Most of CGRP+ SP+ ganglion cells contain pChAT, whereas half of the pChAT+ ganglion cells possess neither CGRP nor SP. In the brainstem, pChAT+ nerve fibers are found exclusively in the trigeminal and solitary systems, although the distribution pattern differs from that of CGRP+ or SP+ fibers. First, the ventral portion of the principal sensory nucleus contains many pChAT+ fibers, with few CGRP+ or SP+ fibers. Because this portion receives projections of nociceptive corneal afferents, a subpopulation of pChAT+ CGRP− SP− primary afferents is most probably nonpeptidergic nociceptors innervating the cornea. Second, the superficial laminae of the medullary dorsal horn, the main target of nociceptive afferents, contain dense CGRP+ and SP+ fibers but sparse pChAT+ fibers. Because pChAT occurs in most CGRP+ SP+ ganglion cells, such sparseness of pChAT+ fibers implies poor transportation of pChAT to axon branchlets. Another important finding is that pChAT+ axons are smooth and nonvaricose, whereas CGRP+ or SP+ fibers possess numerous varicosities. Our confocal microscopy suggests colocalization of these three markers in the same single axons in some brainstem regions. The difference in morphological appearance, nonvaricose or varicose, appears to reflect the difference in intraaxonal distribution between pChAT and CGRP or SP. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:436–448, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Circadian release of pigment‐dispersing factor in the visual system of the housefly, Musca domestica
Authors: Miśkiewicz Katarzyna , Schürmann Friedrich‐Wilhelm , Pyza Elżbieta 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIn the present study we examined profiles of nerve fiber varicosities containing dense core vesicles (DCVs) in the distal medulla of the housefly's optic lobe using electron microscopic methods. These profiles are infrequent among other neuronal profiles and do not contain presynaptic specializations for the release of DCVs. Presynaptic elements surrounded by electron‐translucent vesicles were only occasionally detected, whereas synaptic input sites to the profiles containing DCVs were never observed. Among the varicosities in the distal medulla, those immunoreactive to pigment‐dispersing hormone (PDH) are most numerous. The DCVs of PDH‐immunoreactive (PDH‐ir) varicosities differ by size from DCVs of other profiles. Moreover, in the day/night cycle PDH‐ir varicosities show differences in structure revealing the rhythmic accumulation and release of PDF. There were fewer PDH‐ir DCV per varicosity profile in flies fixed 1 hour after lights‐on than in flies fixed 1 hour after lights‐off. Moreover, at the beginning of the day all DCVs harbored an electron‐dense matrix, while at the beginning of the night numerous electron‐lucent DCVs were observed. By applying a bath stimulation with a high potassium concentration we also showed that depolarizing events are involved in peptide release in the medulla. After potassium treatment immunolabeling with anti‐PDH serum was weaker and PDH‐ir varicosities were smaller and more distant from each other than in control animals. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:422–435, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel method based on click chemistry, which overcomes limitations of cell cycle analysis by classical determination of BrdU incorporation, allowing multiplex antibody staining
Authors: Cappella Paolo , Gasparri Fabio , Pulici Maurizio , Moll Jürgen 
Published: June 2008

AbstractQuantification of BrdU incorporation into DNA is a widely used technique to assess the cell cycle status of cells. DNA denaturation is required for BrdU detection with the drawback that most protein epitopes are destroyed and classical antibody staining techniques for multiplex analysis are not possible. To address this issue we have developed a novel method that overcomes the DNA denaturation step but still allows detection of BrdU. Cells were pulsed for a short time by 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine, which is incorporated into DNA. The exposed nucleotide alkyne group of DNA was then derivatized in physiologic conditions by the copper (I)‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) using BrdU azides. The resulting DNA‐bound bromouracil moiety was subsequently detected by commercial anti‐BrdU mAb without the need for a denaturation step. Continuous labeling with EdU showed a slightly increased anti‐proliferative activity compared to BrdU. However, using a lower concentration of EdU for labeling can compensate for this. Alkynyl tags could be detected quickly by a highly specific reaction using BrdU azides. Fluorescence quenching by the DNA dye PI using both BrdU azides was negligible. Our labeling method is suitable for FCM and HCA and shows a higher signal to noise ratio than other methods. This method also allowed multiplex analysis by simultaneous detection of EdU‐BrdU, caspase‐3, and phospho‐histone 3 mAbs, proving sensitivity and feasibility of this new technique. In addition, it has the potential for use in vivo, as exemplified for bone marrow studies. We have established a new method to determine the position of cells in the cell cycle. This is superior when compared to traditional BrdU detection since it allows multiplex analysis, is more sensitive and shows less quenching with PI. The method provides new opportunities to investigate changes in protein expression at different cell cycle stages using pulse labeling experiments. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Increased creatinine kinase and rhabdomyolysis in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Walder Alice , Baumann Pierre 
Published: June 2008

AbstractObjective:A male adolescent with an anorexia nervosa‐restricting type reported about his habit to carry out severe exercises to hold his weight. Seven weeks after admission to hospital, laboratory findings showed an extremely high level of serum creatinine kinase (CK) (>20,000 U/L) without clinical signs for rhabdomyolysis or renal depression.Method:Clinical observation and routine laboratory controls in the patient, who participated in our special program for patients with eating disorder.Results:To minimize the risk for renal failure, a treatment with bicarbonate for volume repletion, forced diuresis and urinary alkalinisation over 24 hr were initiated. After 12 hr, CK decreased to almost 50% and it normalized then within 10 days.Conclusion:This is the first reported case of anorexia nervosa with this extremely high level of serum CK, induced by excessive physical activity. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Determination of Trace Vanadium by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at a Carbon Paste Electrode
Authors: Li Yi‐Heng , Wang Yue‐Xuan , Huang Mei‐Hua 
Published: June 2008

AbstractA method for the voltammetric determination of vanadium using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was described. The new procedure is based on the adsorptive accumulation of the V(V)‐alizarin red S(ARS) complex onto the surface of the CPE, followed by the electrochemical reduction of adsorbed species. The optimal experimental conditions include the use of 0.10 mol/L acetate buffer (pH 5.1), 1.0×10−5 mol/L ARS, an accumulation potential of −0.10 V (versus SCE), an accumulation time of 2 min, a scan rate of 200 mV/s and a second‐order derivative linear scan mode. The reduction peak for the complex appears at −0.52 V. The peak current is proportional to the concentration of V(V) over the range of 0.10–15.0 μg/L, and the detection limit is 0.04 μg/L for a 2 min adsorption time. The relative standard deviations(n=8) for 2.0 and 0.50 μg/L V(V) are 3.1 and 4.7%, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the determination of vanadium in water samples.
Development of an Electrochemical Biosensor for the Rapid Detection of Carbofuran Based on Air Stable Lipid Films with Incorporated Calix[4]arene Phosphoryl Receptor
Authors: Nikolelis Dimitrios P. , Raftopoulou Garyfallia , Psaroudakis Nikos , Nikoleli Georgia‐Paraskevi 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis work describes the preparation of a selective receptor for the rapid, selective and sensitive electrochemical flow injection analysis of carbofuran in foods using air stable lipid films supported on a methacrylate polymer on a glass fiber filter with incorporated artificial receptor. The selective receptor was synthesized by transformation of the OH groups of resorcin[4]arene receptor into phosphoryl groups. These lipid films were supported on a methylacrylate polymer (i.e., methacrylic acid was the functional monomer for the polymerization, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was used as the crosslinker and 2,2′‐azobis‐2‐methylpropionitrile as an initiator). A minisensor device was constructed for the electrochemical flow injection analysis of toxicants based on air stabilized lipid films supported on a polymer. The device can sense the analyte in a drop (50 μL) of sample. Carbofuran was injected into flowing streams of a carrier electrolyte solution. A host‐guest complex formation between the calix[4]arene phosphoryl receptor and carbofuran takes place through hydrogen bonding. This enhances the preconcentration of carbofuran at the lipid membrane surface which in turn causes dynamic alterations of the electrostatic fields and phase structure of membranes; as a result ion current transients were obtained and the magnitude of these signals was correlated to the substrate concentration. The response times were ca. 80 s and carbofuran was determined at concentration levels of nM. The effect of potent interferences included a wide range of compounds and other insecticides. The effect of interference of proteins and lipids was also examined. The reproducibility of the method was checked by recovery experiments in fruit and vegetable samples with satisfactory results.
Characterization of a 2‐Benzo[c]cinnoline Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode by Raman Spectroscopy, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, and Ellipsometry
Authors: Turan Aybüke A. İsbir , Üstündağ Zafer , Solak Ali Osman , Kılıç Emine , Avseven Ayça 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis work describes the characterization of the grafted 2‐benzo[c]cinnoline (2BCC) molecules at a glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface by voltammetry and spectroscopy. Attachment of the molecule to the carbon substrate was achieved by the electrochemical reduction of 2‐benzo[c]cinnoline diazonium salt (2BCC‐DAS). GC electrode modification was carried out in aprotic solution with 2BCC diazonium salt. Dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) were used to prove the surface modification to see the blockage of the electron transfer. The presence of 2BCC at the GC electrode surface was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor molecular bound properties of the adsorbates at the 2BCC‐GC surface and confirm the attachment of 2BCC molecules onto the GC surface. The thickness of the 2BCC film on GC was also investigated by ellipsometric measurement.
Smoothing splines for trend estimation and prediction in time series
Authors: Morton Richard , Kang Emily L. , Henderson Brent L. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe consider the use of generalized additive models with correlated errors for analysing trends in time series. The trend is represented as a smoothing spline so that it can be extrapolated. A method is proposed for choosing the smoothing parameter. It is based on the ability to predict a short term into the future. The choice not only addresses the purpose in hand, but also performs very well, and avoids the tendency to under‐smooth or to interpolate the data that can occur with other data‐driven methods used to choose the smoothing parameter. The method is applied to data from a chemical process and to stream salinity measurements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.