bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acheron, an novel LA antigen family member, binds to cask and forms a complex with id transcription factors
Authors: Weng Haifeng , Kim Chul , Valavanis Christos , Wang Zhaohui , Schwartz Lawrence 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAcheron, a Lupus antigen ortholog, was identified as a novel death-associated transcript from the intersegmental muscles of the mothManduca sexta. Acheron is phylogenetically-conserved and represents a new sub-family of Lupus antigen proteins. Acheron is expressed predominantly in neurons and muscle in vertebrates, and regulates several developmental events including myogenesis, neurogenesis and possibly metastasis. Using Acheron as bait, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen with a mouse embryo cDNA library and identified CASK-C, a novel CASK/Lin-2 isoform, as an Acheron binding partner. Acheron and CASK-C bind via the C-terminus of Acheron and the CaMKII-like domain of CASK-C. Co-immunoprecipitation assays verify this interaction and demonstrate that Acheron also forms a complex with all members of the Id (inhibitor of differentiation) proteins. Taken together, these data suggest a mechanism by which Acheron may regulate development and pathology.
Synthesis of 5‐Formyl‐2′‐Deoxyuridine and Its Incorporation into Oligodeoxynucleotides
Authors: Sato Kousuke , Hirose Wataru , Matsuda Akira 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA straightforward, efficient method for the synthesis of 5‐formyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (dfU) and solid‐phase synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides containing dfU using a phosphoramidite method are described. The synthesis of dfU is achieved by oxidation of the 5‐methyl group in thymidine derivatives. However, incorporation of the dfU 3′‐O‐phosphoramidite into oligodeoxynucleotides proceeds in low yield, due to instability of the 5‐formyl group under conditions used for automated DNA synthesis. Therefore, oligodeoxynucleotides containing a 5‐(1,2‐dihydroxyethyl)uracil derivative are first prepared and finally oxidized by periodate to give the desired oligodeoxynucleotides containing 5‐formyluracil. Curr. Protoc. Nucleic Acid Chem. 35:1.21.1‐1.21.19. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Monitoring mRNA Export
Authors: Tokunaga Kazuaki , Tani Tokio 
Published: December 2008

AbstractTransport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an essential process for gene expression in eukaryotic cells. In this unit, methods for monitoring nuclear mRNA export are described. Visualization of cellular mRNAs by fluorescence in situ hybridization with oligo(dT) probes is effectively applied to monitoring mRNA export from the nucleus in yeast and mammalian cells. In addition to the protocols for fluorescence in situ hybridization, this unit includes an alternate method that the authors have been developing for visual analysis of nuclear mRNA export in living mammalian cells by microinjection of fluorescently labeled pre‐mRNA into the nuclei. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 41:22.13.1‐22.13.20. © 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Lithium‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane within Mesoporous Carbon Framework for Chemical Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Li Li , Yao Xiangdong , Sun Chenghua , Du Aijun , Cheng Lina , Zhu Zhonghua , Yu Chengzhong , Zou Jin , Smith Sean C. , Wang Ping , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Frost Ray L. , (Max) Lu Gao Qing 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAmmonia borane (AB) has attracted tremendous interest for on‐board hydrogen storage due to its low molecular weight and high gravimetric hydrogen capacity below a moderate temperature. However, the slow kinetics, irreversibility, and formation of volatile materials (trace borazine and ammonia) limit its practical application. In this paper, a new catalytic strategy involved lithium (Li) catalysis and nanostructure confinement in mesoporous carbon (CMK‐3) for the thermal decomposition of AB is developed. AB loaded on the 5% Li/CMK‐3 framework releases ∼7 wt % of hydrogen at a very low temperature (around 60 °C) and entirely suppresses borazine and ammonia emissions that are harmful for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The possible mechanism for enhanced hydrogen release via catalyzed thermal decomposition of AB is discussed.
Bifunctional Gd2O3/C Nanoshells for MR Imaging and NIR Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Huang Chih‐Chia , Su Chia‐Hao , Li Wei‐Ming , Liu Tzu‐Yu , Chen Jyh‐Horng , Yeh Chen‐Sheng 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper reports dual function Gd2O3/C nanoshells for application in MR contrast images and NIR‐triggered killing cancer cells. The nanoshells are prepared using biological gelatin particles as core templates through a two‐step thermal treatment. The surfaces of the nanoshells can be readily modified by poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic acid) (PSMA) polymer to improve their water‐dispersible properties and increase their biocompatibility. The Gd2O3/C nanoshells show brightened images of kidney cortex and liver in mice, whereas the Gd2O3/C@PSMA nanoshells show a darkened liver signal. The biodistribution is measured as a function of time and shows that the nanoshells circulate in the vessels and are cleared out gradually from organs. The graphite carbon coated on the Gd2O3 nanoshells displays absorbance in the near‐IR (NIR) region. A large extinction coefficient is obtained, indicating the potential of the nanoshells as photothermal agents. The Gd2O3/C@PSMA nanoshells conjugated with anti‐epithermal growth factor receptor antibodies are used for targeting and destroying A549 lung cancer cells by means of NIR‐triggered killing capability. Both laser power density and material dose dependence are investigated to evaluate photothermolysis in cancer cells.
Pigmentation in Anuran Testes: Anatomical Pattern and Variation
Authors: Franco‐Belussi Lilian , Zieri Rodrigo , De Souza Santos Lia Raquel , Moresco Rafaela Maria , De Oliveira Classius 
Published: December 2008

AbstractIn amphibians, pigmented cells are present in several organs, composing an extracutaneous pigmentary system. Seventeen species from two families were studied to develop a protocol for pigmentary classification. The amount and distribution of these cells are variable, allowing the establishment of anatomical patterns for visceral pigmentation in anuran testes. Anat Rec 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Embryonic Staging System for the Black Mastiff Bat,Molossus rufus(Molossidae), Correlated With Structure‐Function Relationships in the Adult
Authors: Nolte Mark J. , Hockman Dorit , Cretekos Chris J. , Behringer Richard R. , Rasweiler John J. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAn embryonic staging system forMolossus rufus(also widely known asMolossus ater) was devised using 17 reference specimens obtained during the postimplantation period of pregnancy from wild‐caught, captive‐bred females. This was done in part by comparing the embryos to a developmental staging system that had been created for another, relatively unrelated bat,Carollia perspicillata(family Phyllostomidae). Particular attention was paid to the development of species‐specific features, such as wing and ear morphology, and these are discussed in light of the adaptive significance of these structures in the adult.M. rufuscan be maintained and bred in captivity and is relatively abundant in the wild. This embryonic staging system will facilitate further developmental studies ofM. rufus, a model species for one of the largest and most successful chiropteran families, the Molossidae. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acetogenic bacteria: what are the in situ consequences of their diverse metabolic versatilities?
Authors: Drake Harold L. , Daniel Steven L. , Küsel Kirsten , Matthies Carola , Kuhner Carla , Braus‐Stromeyer Susanna 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe four decades of the now classic studies by Harland G. Wood and Lars G. Ljungdahl lead to the resolution of the autotrophic acetyl‐CoA 'Wood/Ljungdahl' pathway of acetogenesis. This pathway is the hallmark of acetogens, but is also used by other bacteria, including methanogens and sulfate‐reducing bacteria, for both catabolic and anabolic purposes. Thus, the pathway is wide spread in nature and plays an important role in the global turnover of carbon. Because most historical studies with acetogens focused on the biochemistry of the acetyl‐CoA pathway, the metabolic diversity and ecology of acetogens remained largely unexplored for many years. Although acetogens were initially conceived to be a somewhat obscure bacteriological group with limited metabolic capabilities, it is now clear that acetogens are arguably the most metabolically diverse group of obligate anaerobes characterized to date. Their anaerobic metabolic arsenal includes the capacity to oxidize diverse substrates, including aromatic, C1, C2, and halogenated compounds, and engage a large number of alternative energy‐conserving, terminal electron‐accepting processes, including classic fermentations and the dissimilation of inorganic nitrogen. In this regard, one might consider acetogens on a collective basis as the pseudomonads of obligate anaerobes. By virtue of their diverse metabolic talents, acetogens can be found in essentially all habitats. This review evaluates the metabolic versatilities of acetogens relative to both the engagement (regulation) of the acetyl‐CoA pathway and the ecological roles likely played by this bacteriological group.
The Atomic Layer Deposition of HfO2 and ZrO2 using Advanced Metallocene Precursors and H2O as the Oxygen Source
Authors: Dezelah Charles L. , Niinistö Jaakko , Kukli Kaupo , Munnik Frans , Lu Jun , Ritala Mikko , Leskelä Markku , Niinistö Lauri 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO2 and ZrO2 thin films is investigated using (MeCp)2HfMe2, (MeCp)2Hf(OMe)(Me), (MeCp)2ZrMe2, and (MeCp)2Zr(OMe)(Me) as the precursors at deposition temperatures between 300 and 500 °C, with water vapor as the oxygen source. A self‐limiting growth mechanism is confirmed at 350 °C for all the metal precursors examined. The processes provide nearly stoichiometric HfO2 and ZrO2 films with carbon and hydrogen concentrations below 0.5 and 1.0 at.‐%, respectively, for representative samples. All films are polycrystalline as deposited, and possess a thin interfacial SiO2 layer. The capacitance‐voltage (C‐V) and current density‐voltage (I‐V) behavior is reported and discussed for capacitor structures containing films from this study.
A novel hybrid active filter compensator for stabilization of wind‐utility grid interface scheme
Authors: Sharaf A. M. , Wang W. , Altas Ismail H. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper presents a novel voltage source converter (VSC)‐based hybrid power filter compensator (HPFC) scheme for effective reactive power compensation and harmonic reduction in distribution grid networks with the dispersed wind energy interface. A novel multi‐loop dynamic error‐driven controller equipped with an auxiliary DC‐side voltage tracking loop is introduced to ensure a robust and fast control of the HPFC. Based on digital simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed HPFC scheme is fully validated in a unified sample wind‐energy embedded distribution system under wind velocity excursions and electric load disturbances. The dynamic performance of the HPFC is compared with that of the conventional active power filter (APF) and that of the passive power filter (PPF), respectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three New Arylnaphthalide Lignans from the Aerial Parts of Bupleurum marginatumWall. ex DC.
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Ting‐Ting , Zhou Jin‐Song , Wang Qiang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThree new arylnaphthalide lignans, 5‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)furo[3′,4′: 6,7]naphtho[2,3‐d]‐1,3‐dioxol‐6(8H)‐one (1), 10‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)furo[3′,4′: 6,7]naphtho[1,2‐d]‐1,3‐dioxol‐9(7H)‐one (2), and 10‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐6‐hydroxyfuro[3′,4′: 6,7]naphtho[1,2‐d]‐1,3‐dioxol‐9(7H)‐one (3), together with two known ones, chinensin (4) and isodiphyllin (5), were isolated from the aerial parts of Bupleurum marginatum Wall. ex DC. The structures of the three new lignans were established by means of NMR spectroscopic studies, including HQSC, HMBC, and ROESY.
Lignans from the Bark of Magnolia kobus
Authors: Lee Hak‐Ju , Seo Seon‐Mi , Lee Oh‐Kyu , Jo Hyun‐Jin , Kang Ha‐Young , Choi Don‐Ha , Paik Ki‐Hyon , Khan Merajuddin 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe Et2O‐soluble fraction from the bark of Magnolia kobus led to the isolation of two new lignans, (+)‐(7α,7′α,8α,8′α)‐3′,4,4′,5,5′‐pentamethoxy‐7,9′: 7′,9‐diepoxylignan‐3‐ol (1) and (+)‐(7α,7′α,8α,8′α)‐4,5‐dimethoxy‐3′,4′‐(methylenedioxy)‐7,9′: 7′,9‐diepoxylignan‐3‐ol (2), along with five known lignans 3–7. Their structures were established on the basis of various spectroscopic analyses including 1D‐ (1H, 13C, and DEPT) and 2D‐NMR (COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC) and by comparison of their spectral data with those of related compounds.
Climate change and human occupation in the northernmost Chilean Altiplano over the last ca. 11 500 cal. a BP
Authors: Moreno Ana , Santoro Calogero M. , Latorre Claudio 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis interdisciplinary study represents an approximation towards understanding how regional human cultural systems may have been affected by climate change in the northernmost Chilean Altiplano (>3600 m) over the last ca. 11 500 cal a BP. We compare the archaeological record from Hakenasa cave with the lake record from Lago Chungará sediment cores, located 50 km to the south. By integrating both of these archives in conjunction with regional palaeoclimate and archaeological data, we provide new evidence for the role of changing environmental and climatic conditions in human settlement patterns. The first human occupation of the entire Altiplano occurs at Hakenasa and is dated to 9980 ± 40 14C a BP (11 265–11 619 cal. a BP), and took place under wetter regional climate conditions. An archaeologically sterile deposit occurs at Hakenasa between 7870 and 6890 cal. a BP. Constituted by sands and gravels, these sediments are interpreted as a flood event. This time period is synchronous with alternating short dry and wet events recorded in the Lake Chungará sedimentary sequence. Human activity resumes and increases in importance at Hakenasa by ca. 6000 cal. a BP. This corresponds to wetter conditions indicated by the Chungará record. Even though the lake record indicates intense volcanic activity over the last 6000 cal. a BP, this had little or no impact on the human population present at Hakenasa. This study shows that even in this extreme environment human settlement patterns do not always respond in a linear fashion to environmental change. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of corrosion inhibitors for cooling water systems operating at high concentration cycles
Authors: de Souza E. A. , Ponciano Gomes J. A. C. , Reznik L. Y. , Sathler L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe present work aimed at evaluating AISI 1020 carbon steel corrosion resistance of a 6:4:1:1 (MoO/HEDP/PO/Zn2+) inhibitor mixture present in a solution which simulates an industrial cooling water system operating at high concentration cycles (1050 ppm Cl− and 450 ppm Ca2+). High concentration cycles are desirable, because system purge and treated water consumption are decreased. On the other hand, a high number of concentration cycles can increase the concentration of salts and dissolved impurities, causing corrosion, incrustations, and deposits inside the pipes, heat exchangers, and cooling towers. Thus, the chloride (Cl−) and calcium (Ca2+) ions aggressiveness was studied on the proposed inhibiting mixture, at the temperatures of 40 and 60 °C, through electrochemical techniques like open circuit potential measurements, anodic and cathodic polarization, and weight loss. The results showed that the inhibitor mixture conferred adequate protection to carbon steel in low concentrations, even in high aggressive media.
A comparative electrochemical study of commercial and model aluminium alloy (AA5050)
Authors: Premendra P. , Terryn H. , Mol J. M. C. , de Wit J. H. W. , Katgerman L. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractA comparative electrochemical study of commercially recycled AA5050 and model AA5050, in their as‐cast state, is carried out to investigate the effect of recycling and furthermore the effect of trace elements like Pb, Cu, etc on electrochemical activation and filiform corrosion (FFC) susceptibility. A systematic combination of surface analytical techniques like scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy (SKPFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) is used to study the composition and electrochemical behaviour of second phase particles. These results, together with localized breakdown measurements using the electrochemical micro‐cell, elucidate the effect of recycling and the role played by trace elements in influencing the electrochemical behaviour of the alloy.
Single Crystals of V‐Amylose Inclusion Complexes
Authors: Putaux Jean‐Luc , Cardoso Mateus B. , Dupeyre Danielle , Morin Morgane , Nulac Adrien , Hu Yang 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: Lamellar single crystals of V‐amylose have been prepared from dilute solutions in the presence of various complexing agents (isopropanol, thymol, linalool, terpineol, α‐naphthol and quinoline). They were characterized by means of electron microscopy imaging and electron crystallography. Crystals of the Visopropanol‐type were more frequently obtained even with complexing molecules with different sizes and chemical structures. α‐naphthol and quinoline formed crystals involving 8‐fold amylose helices. Flower‐like “pseudo‐spherocrystals” of lamellar units were observed when the crystallization was carried out at higher amylose concentration.
Noncovalent Macromolecular Architectures of Oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene)s (OPVs): Role of End Functional Groups on the Gelation of Organic Solvents
Authors: Babu Sukumaran S. , Praveen Vakayil K. , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: Self‐assembly of a few OPV derivatives having different end functional groups to aggregates, fibrous networks and organogels are discussed. OPV1 and OPV2 functionalized with ester moieties form gels in nonpolar hydrocarbon solvents whereas OPV3 with carboxylic acid groups form gel from THF and dichloromethane. OPV4 with dicyano moieties form aggregates but could not gelate solvents. AFM and TEM studies revealed considerable difference in the morphology of the self‐assembled structures of OPV1‐4. From the optical, morphological and gelation data it is concluded that the nature of the end functional groups strongly influences upon the self‐assembly and gelation properties of OPVs.
Ionic Complexes of Biotechnological Polyacids with Cationic Surfactants
Authors: García‐Alvarez Montserrat , de Ilarduya Antxon Martínez , Portilla José Antonio , Alla Abdelilah , Muñoz‐Guerra Sebastián 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: Stoichiometric complexes of biotechnological poly(γ‐glutamic) acid and poly(β,L‐malic) acid with alkyltrimethylammonium surfactants of long alkyl chains could be readily prepared in aqueous medium. They adopt a biphasic layered structures in which the main chain and the side chain alternate with nanometric periodicity. Alkyl side chains show reversible melting that involves generation of mesophases. Complexes degraded by water by different mechanisms depending on the constitution of the main chain; the polymalic complexes underwent surface erosion whereas the polyglutamic ones degraded in bulk. Erythromycin could be homogenously loaded into the paraffinic subphase of the complexes and delivered upon incubation under physiological conditions in parallel to the hydrolysis of the polymer.
Studies on the Effect of Glass Transition on the Crystalline Transition in Syndiotactic Polystyrene – Solvent Complexes
Authors: Naidu Sudhakar , Ramesh N.C. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: Amorphous syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) was crystallized at room temperature in Norbornadiene (bicyclo[2,2,1]‐hepta‐2,5‐diene), Mesitylene (1,3,5‐ Trimethylbenzene), 3‐Carene (3,7,7‐trimethyl bicyclo[4,1,0]hept‐3‐ene) and DMN (1,4‐Dimethylnaphthalene) to form the sPS‐solvent complex (δ form) with respective solvent molecules. In situ HTFTIR studies showed that the δ form to γ form transformation temperature occurs well below the glass transition temperature of sPS, which is depressed due to the presence of solvent in the amorphous phase; higher the solvent content in the complex, lower the transition temperature. Glass transition temperatures determined by Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) coincide with the transition temperatures, indicating that the δ form transforms into γ form at the glass transition temperature for these complexes. Such a behavior is very different from the behaviour of the sPS‐ solvent complexes formed by dichloromethane, chloroform, toluene, o‐dichlorobenzene, decalin (cis‐trans) etc. and for these complexes the transition occur well above the Tg.1
Kinetic Study of the Aggregation of Colloids Immersed in a Binary Mixture of Polymers
Authors: Chafi N. , Benelmostafa M. , Benhamou M. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: We consider an assembly of colloidal particles, which are immersed in a binary mixture of polymers. At temperatures close to the critical point of the free mixture, the fluctuations of the composition induce a critical Casimir force between colloids. This force naturally depends on their distance and it is responsible for the colloidal aggregation. In this paper, we propose to study the kinetics of such a transition leading colloids from a dispersed phase (gas) to a dense one (liquid). This kinetics is studied through the relaxation rate, which is a function of the transfer wave‐vector.
Difference in Glass Transition Behavior Between Semi Crystalline and Amorphous poly(lactic acid) Thin Films
Authors: Narladkar Ashok , Balnois Eric , Vignaud Guillaume , Grohens Yves 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSummary: Semi crystalline and amorphous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) thin films exhibit different glass transition temperature and behaviour, as revealed by ellipsometry. For semi‐crystalline poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) thin film (with crystalline content between 40 and 60%), the glass transition temperature (Tg) is found to decrease below a film thickness of 50 nm. This depression was interpreted in term of disentenglement effect which is likely to occur upon confining the amorphous PLA phase near a non interacting surface. New results performed on non completed films, i.e. isolated objects, also reveal the lower transition temperature, thus underlying the importance of the entanglement state of the polymer chains on their mobility. For amorphous PLA thin film, obtained from the L and D copolymer, two distinct glass transitions were observed, with the highest Tg attributed to the presence of some nano‐phase domains, formed by a possible cooperation of the D and L blocks to form stereocomplexes sequences, within the film. Furthermore, if these Tg remained constant as film thicknesses decrease down to 50 nm, they were also found to slightly decrease for isolated objects, thus supporting the importance of the entanglement hypothesis on the glass transition.
A Hierarchical Optimization Approach to Optimal Production Scheduling in an Industrial Continuous Olefin Polymerization Reactor
Authors: Chatzidoukas Christos , Pistikopoulos Stratos , Kiparissides Costas 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe time‐optimal grade‐transition policies, as well as the selection of the optimal grade production sequence, are calculated for a gas‐phase ethylene/but‐1‐ene copolymerization FBR. The tuning parameters (i.e., proportional gain and integral time) of the feedback PI process controllers, as well as the time‐optimal trajectories of the feedforward controllers, are treated as decision variables. A two‐level decomposition approach is applied for solving the optimal‐grade transition‐scheduling problem, taking into account the impact of both transient operation and the sequence of grade transitions on the overall amount of off‐spec polymer and overall transition time.magnified image