bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of CD38 in anti-tumor immunity of small cell lung cancer
Authors: Taniguchi Hirokazu , Chavan Shweta S. , Chow Andrew , Chan Joseph M. , Mukae Hiroshi , Rudin Charles M. , Sen Triparna 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with or without chemotherapy has a very modest benefit in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC tumors are characterized by high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and low PD-L1 expression. Therefore, TMB and PD-L1 do not serve as biomarkers of ICB response in SCLC. CD38, a transmembrane glycoprotein, mediates immunosuppression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this brief report, we highlight the potential role of CD38 as a probable biomarker of immunotherapy response in SCLC.MethodsWe evaluated the role of CD38 as a determinant of tumor immune microenvironment in SCLC with bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analyses and protein assessments of clinical samples and preclinical models, including CD38 in vivo blockade.ResultsIn SCLC clinical samples, CD38 levels were significantly correlated with the gene expression of the immunosuppressive markers FOXP3, PD-1 and CTLA-4. CD38 expression was significantly enhanced after chemotherapy and ICB treatment in SCLC preclinical models and clinical samples. A combination of cisplatin/etoposide, ICB, and CD38 blockade delayed tumor growth compared to cisplatin/etoposide.ConclusionOur study provides a preliminary but important direction toward exploring CD38 as a potential biomarker of ICB response and CD38 blockade as a combination strategy for chemo-immunotherapy in SCLC.
Nursing students’ knowledge regarding sexuality, sex, and gender diversity in a multicenter study
Authors: Santiago Conceição , Guerra Açucena , Carreira Teresa , Palma Sara , Bia Florbela , Pérez-Pérez Jorge , Frias Ana , Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario , Dias Hélia 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSexuality is an integral part of development and personality, and is important in healthcare. Nurses are among the most representative healthcare professionals. For holistic and inclusive nursing care practice and to improve equality, human rights, well-being, and health of individuals, the curricula of nursing courses must integrate broad knowledge about sexuality and its diversity. This study aimed to identify and analyze nursing students’ knowledge of sexuality, sex, and gender diversity. The present study was part of a multicenter study conducted in Europe.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered in three nursing schools to assess nursing students’ knowledge (n = 75). Data processing was performed using Excel® software version 20 and IRaMuTeQ (R Interface pour les Analysis Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) 0.7 alpha 2, allowing organization by category and subsequent thematic analysis using content analysis.ResultsThe textual corpus “Nursing students’ knowledge about sexuality in its diversity,” was divided into two sub-corpus: “Students’ perception of sexuality” and “Students’ perception of gender identity,” originating Class 6 “Eroticism” (14.23%) and Classes 4 “Sexual Orientation” (16.07%) and 3 “Heteronormative” (16.07%), the latter with greater proximity to each other and consequently to Class 6. Similarly, Classes 1 “Gender” (20.36%) and 5 “Cisgender” (12.14%) also presented a greater interrelationship between themselves and consecutively with Class 2 “Gender Identity” (15.36%).DiscussionThe analyses revealed that though nursing students possessed knowledge about sexuality and its diversity, this knowledge was elementary and did not reveal a sustained appropriation of concepts related to sexuality, sexual orientation, and gender diversity. For some questions, the absence of students’ answers were noteworthy, and may be associated with their personal reservation in expressing themselves on this sensitive and intimate theme. To ensure diversity, inclusivity, and impartiality in nursing practice, it is imperative to change the curriculum plans of nursing courses to address the theme of sexuality during the training process of nurses in Europe.
Development and validation of an interview guide for examining the effects of sports careers on the quality of life of retired Portuguese football players
Authors: Teixeira Eduardo , Silva Carlos , Vicente António 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionConsidering the importance of assessing the impacts resulting from a sport career, this study aimed at developing and validating a semi-structure interview guide suitable for quantifying the sociodemographic and epidemiological profile of former professional football players.MethodsBased on the theoretical frameworks and several methodological procedures, an interview guide was developed, consisting of 3 areas of conceptual organization (A1. Biographical data; A2. Professional Career; and A3. Post-Career Transition) and 8 data collection categories (C1. Personal data; C2. Professional data; C3. Sociodemographic background; C4. Epidemiological pathway; C5. Moment of career retirement (career transition); C6. Post-career sociodemographic pathway; C7. Post-career epidemiological pathway; and C8. Perceptions of post-career planning). Thus, in procedural terms, four stages were considered for the construction and validation of the interview guide, namely the Ad hoc construction of the interview guide (i), the review of the in-terview guide by a panel of experts (ii), definition of procedures and protocol for the application of the interview (iii), and the application of the pilot study for the face validation of the interview guide (iv). The sample consisted of two former Portuguese professional players.Results and discussionTo analyze and discuss the data, a content analysis was carried out on all the answers given to each question in the script by the interviewees. From them, matrices were created with the response references to each subcategory. In this way, it was possible to analyse the type of answers given by the interviewees and relate them to the theoretical perspectives of the topic being investigated. The results showed that the interview guide for the study of the impacts of the sports careers on the quality of life of Portuguese former football players shows reliability for the collection of qualitative and quantitative information from the respective content analysis. The use of the interview guide characterizes the path of former player, providing information and knowledge on the sociodemographic and epidemiological impact factors resulting from their post-career.
Causal associations between severe mental illness and sepsis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Ruhao , Xiang Hongyu , Zheng Ting 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveSMI (severe mental illness) has been identified as a risk factor for sepsis in observational studies; however, the causal association between them has yet to be firmly established. We conducted MR (mendelian randomization) to unveil the causal relationship between SMI and sepsis as well as sepsis mortality.MethodsGWAS (Genome-wide association) data for major depression and schizophrenia were selected as exposure. GWAS data for sepsis and sepsis mortality were selected as outcome. Genetic variants significantly associated with the exposure (P value&lt;1x10-6) were selected as instruments. We primarily employed the IVW (inverse-variance weighted) method for analysis. Furthermore, we employed Cochrane’s Q test to assess heterogeneity and the MR-Egger intercept test to identify horizontal pleiotropy.ResultsWe selected 108 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) used to predict major depression and 260 SNPs that predicted schizophrenia. Genetically predicted major depression was suggestively linked to a higher sepsis risk (OR=1.13, 95%CI 1.02-1.26, P=0.023). In contrast, MR analysis did not find an association between schizophrenia and sepsis risk (OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.97-1.04, P=0.811). Furthermore, no significant causal evidence was found for genetically predicted SMI in sepsis mortality. Moreover, no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were detected.ConclusionOur research revealed a suggestive association between genetically predicted major depression and an elevated risk of sepsis in individuals of European ancestry. This finding can serve as a reminder for clinicians to consider the possibility of subsequent infection and sepsis in depressive patients, which may help reduce the incidence of sepsis in individuals with depression.
WiN-Reha—effectiveness and durability of effects of orthopedic rehabilitation programs and the study of psychological determinants of aftercare behaviors: a study protocol
Authors: Feil Katharina , Fritsch Julian , Weyland Susanne , Rittmann Lena-Marie , Schmidt Detlef , Jekauc Darko 
Published: March 2024

Background and aimRehabilitation programs have been shown to have a positive impact on patients' health and work ability. However, the durability of these effects and the extent to which patients alter their health behaviors remain underexplored. This study is divided into two parts; the first assesses the effectivity of rehabilitation programs for orthopedic patients and the durability of effects. The second part examines psychological determinants of aftercare health behaviors.Subject and methodsStudy Part 1 employs a longitudinal study design with up to nine measurement occasions encompassing a three-year follow-up period. Treatment is provided as per orthopedic indications through rehabilitation centers. Measures include subjective health, work ability, body weight, and physical activity behavior. Study Part 2 incorporates a mixed-methods design, involving both quantitative and qualitative assessments. The quantitative component aims to recruit a subsample from Study Part 1 to assess psychological determinants of aftercare health behaviors over 12 to 24 weeks using Ambulatory Assessment. The qualitative component aims to explore the reasons for maintenance and discontinuation of health behaviors and involves a reflexive thematic analysis of interviews with at least 16 individuals, analyzing the differences between those who adopt and those who discontinue their aftercare health behavior.DiscussionThis comprehensive research project may offer insights into the long-term effectivity of rehabilitation programs. Furthermore, it may foster a more profound understanding of the successful incorporation of health-promoting aftercare behaviors, such as physical activity, into everyday life. Therefore, this study may contribute significantly to the evolving field of patient-centered rehabilitation.Trial registrationThe trial has been registered at the German Register of Clinical Studies (DRKS) with the registration number: DRKS00032257
Fighting fair: community perspectives on the fairness of performance enhancement in esports
Authors: Friehs Maximilian A. , Klarkowski Madison , Frommel Julian , Phillips Cody , Mandryk Regan L. 
Published: March 2024

AimsThis study aims to explore community perspectives on enhancer usage in competitive gaming and esports, focusing on the perception of fairness and concerns about various potential performance enhancers.MethodsWe conducted both qualitative and quantitative surveys to understand the competitive gaming community's opinions on different types of performance enhancers and their potential impact on esports. A thematic analysis was performed to identify key themes in how players rationalize their opinions.ConclusionsThe gaming community differentiates between potential performance enhancers based on how problematic they are for the esports scene, with the most concern surrounding hard drugs, pharmaceuticals, and brain stimulation interventions. Participants who are more invested in competitive gaming tend to be more sceptical of enhancers and express greater concerns. Four themes were identified in the thematic analysis: (1) risk, (2) morality, (3) enhancer effects, and (4) regulation. To increase acceptance and perceived legitimacy in decision-making, it is recommended that regulators engage a variety of stakeholders in transparent decision-making processes when forming tournament rules and regulations. This will help address the fragmented regulatory landscape and prevent potential differences in the perception of tournament winners based on the governing body supervising the competition.
Lumboperitoneal shunt and ventriculoperitoneal shunt for chronic hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a comparison
Authors: Li Xiaolei , Wang Yuangang , Xia Bin , Che Hongmin , Yan Zhongnan 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveChronic hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) results in poor neurological outcomes and cognitive deficits. Currently, the main treatments for chronic hydrocephalus include ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS); however, the optimal treatment for chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH remains controversial.MethodThe records of 82 patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into VPS and LPS groups based on surgical methods. The efficacy, shunt successful rate and complications were compared. The assessments of treatment efficacy included the Evans index score (EIS), Keifer's hydrocephalus score (KHS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and functional independence measure (FIM). Patients were followed up for three months to observe the postoperative curative effects and complications.ResultsThe rate of shunt obstruction was significantly higher in the LPS group than that in the VPS group (p &lt; 0.05), and the shunt successful rate was significantly higher in the VPS group than that in the LPS group (p &lt; 0.05). The total rate of complications was 24.4% for LPS and 39% for VPS. The improvements in EIS, KHS, MMSE, and FIM within each group after the shunt were significantly different compared to those before shunt (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to those in the LPS group, the improvements in EIS, KHS, MMSE, and FIM were significantly different in the VPS group after shunt (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionCompared with LPS, VPS in the treatment for chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH had greater therapeutic efficacy, as indicated by improved radiological outcomes, improved shunt successful rate, improved clinical outcomes, and improved quality of life. Therefore, we believe that VPS is the preferred treatment option for chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH, while LPS should only be used as an alternative to VPS.
Novel Evaluation Method for Cleaner Production Audit in Industrial Parks: Case of a Park in Central China
Authors: Li Zhu , Ding Jianhe , Tao Tianqi , Wang Shulian , Pi Kewu , Xiong Wen 
Published: March 2024

With respect to peak carbon and carbon neutrality, China’s economic structure is developing towards low carbonization, circulation, and cleanliness. There is an urgent need to expand the scope of cleaner production audits, improve cleaner production efficiency, and promote cleaner production through regional coordination. The 14th Five-Year National Cleaner Production Implementation Plan proposed selecting 100 parks or industrial clusters to conduct an overall cleaner production audit innovation pilot. To promote the coordinated development of cleaner production areas, this study constructed a set of cleaner production index systems for industrial parks, established an evaluation model based on the binary semantic evaluation method, and selected an industrial park in central China as an audit pilot. The binary group θ1=(2, −0.1084) of the rating results was determined to be a cleaner production park. Based on the evaluation results, the clean production potential of the park was analyzed, and suggestions for clean production were put forward. Sixteen representative enterprises in the park were selected to build twenty-one ecological chains, providing reasonable suggestions for constructing a systematic and circular enterprise symbiosis network.
Desenvolvimento Infantil em crianças na primeira infância do município de Altamira-PA
Authors: Santos Thays Queiroz , Jacomel Bruna Grazielle Carvalho , Alves Everton Coelho de Araújo , Sousa Yasmim Silva , Albarado Kaio Vinícius Paiva , Oliveira Isabelle Guerreiro de , Fonseca Tâmara de Souza Alverga , Sousa Mylena Socorro Corrêa de , Jacomel Rodrigo Januário , Oliveira Rainny Beatriz Sabóia de 
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil em crianças, no ano de 2022, do município de Altamira-PA. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-exploratório, quantitativo, com 528 crianças, com base nas informações coletadas pelo projeto Primeira Infância Para Adultos Saudáveis, em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Altamira-PA. Resultados: O escore de Desenvolvimento Infantil (DI), encontrado nesse estudo, foi 0,83, ademais 17,3% das mães tiveram seus filhos na adolescência, 75% realizaram 6 ou + consultas de pré-natal, 55,3% partos cesáreos, 50,9% amamentadas na 1ª hora de vida, 44,6% das crianças de 0 a 6 meses estavam em aleitamento materno exclusivo, 64,9% consumiram alimentos ultraprocessados, 25,8% têm tempo de tela superior a 2 horas por dia, 69,2% acham que uso de disciplinas punitivas é necessário para educar, 35,8% são do estrato com pior situação socioeconômica, 20,1% das famílias são chefiadas pelas mães, 59,5% são de famílias beneficiárias de programas sociais, 61,8% que relataram que consomem apenas alguns alimentos, 68,7% tiveram contato pele a pele ao nascer, 66,8% dos cuidadores nunca receberam informação sobre desenvolvimento infantil, 67,6 % nunca foram questionados sobre o desenvolvimento da criança. Conclusão: O índice de Desenvolvimento infantil está abaixo da média nacional, apresentando riscos para a saúde das crianças.
Impact of the Pandemic on Event Tourism: The Resilience of Japanese Pop Culture Events
Authors: Severino Filipe Segurado , Silva Francisco 
Published: March 2024

Using a theoretical framework that recognises the pervasive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global tourism and events, this study examines the unique complexities of Japanese pop culture events. These events, characterised by their ability to attract large audiences, especially enthusiastic youth, have traditionally flourished through interpersonal interactions. This discrepancy between the interactive nature of events and pandemic-induced measures has necessitated fundamental changes in event management strategies. However, pandemic responses and restrictions contrasted sharply with the nature of these events, posing significant challenges for event organisers. This study analyses qualitative data from seven semi-structured interviews with Japanese theme researchers, journalists, and representatives of the main events on the theme in four countries. The pandemic crisis clearly affected Japanese pop culture events, which were among the most frequently suspended. The interviewees believe that it is easy to return to the normalcy of face-to-face events because the audience for these events is predominantly young and enthusiastic, but this requires adaptations and the care that each country demands. This research sheds light on both the difficulties and setbacks that Japanese pop culture events face, as well as their ability to endure and adjust in response to difficult circumstances. By shedding insight into the complex dynamics and demographic characteristics of these events, it also enables event organisers and policymakers to develop strategies to facilitate the safe and successful recovery of similar events in the future. In addition to connecting with other studies in the event sector, this research contributes to the body of knowledge needed to develop effective responses to unforeseen obstacles by shedding light on exceptional events and their potential resilience pathways.
The Implementation of the Circular Economy R-Principles and Strategies: The Portuguese Hotel Industry Perspective
Authors: Rodrigues Susana , Santos Natália , Costa Berta 
Published: March 2024

Circular Economy (CE) is a concept that has been gaining increasing importance in business circles and advocated by European Union, and by several governments worldwide. It is acknowledged that it has the potential to optimise resource efficiency, minimise production and consumption of greenhouse gas emissions, while simultaneously granting competitive advantage business prospects. Although it has been gaining momentum among academia, politicians, and practitioners, it is apparent some struggling when it comes to the design of a framework explaining how companies can embrace circularity and on how to adapt their business model to this new economic system. Despite its importance and applicability by the travel and tourism sector in general and the hotel industry in particular, it is insufficiently studied and examined. This empirical study investigates this concept on the Portuguese hotel industry perspective concerning the adoption of CE practices and CE R-principles through a survey instrument disseminated across the Portuguese hotel industry, with 78 valid responses. This article also introduces a new set of R-principles to the already existing ones, and contributes to the scientific research on the travel and tourism industry, and mainly to the one linked with the Portuguese hotel industry, which has been vaguely examined up to now. The results obtained indicate that these R-principles have been gaining importance, being adopted, and put into practice by the Portuguese hotel industry with special emphasis on the 3R-Principles (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) along with Repair. Findings also indicate that some initiatives that are in line with a Circular Economy paradigm, namely recycling, reducing water and energy consumption, and cleaning management policies, towel and bed linen programmes, staff and education programmes, green products, certifications, among others, are also being considered.
Human Resources Management and the Impact of the Restaurant Opening Hours: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Azevedo Daniel , Silva Susana 
Published: March 2024

The hospitality sector is struggling with a generalized shortage of manpower to cope with the post-pandemic economic recovery. Furthermore, the work-life balance has become a very important issue when it comes to choose a place to work. This has been creating huge constraints in the hospitality industry in running and/or developing new businesses due to lack of qualified human resources. Considering the importance of this sector in the Portuguese economy, it is of paramount importance to better understand the origin of such constraints and how businesses can adapt to a new labour market reality. An exploratory study was conducted to understand how restaurant opening hours, as a top-level management decision, affects the work-life balance in the industry thus contributing to enrich the attractiveness of the jobs offered. To develop the study two groups of restaurants were studied. The first group is comprised of limited opening-hours restaurants, and the second group (as a control group), a non-limited opening hours restaurant. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with proprietors and/or top-level managers to ascertain how the decision on opening hours was weighed in the work-life balance concerns and what are the most important managerial implications, business profitability impacts, and staff retention indicators. Preliminary results seem to indicate that restaurant opening hours are one important top-level management decisions and the work-life balance has played a crucial role in the definition of the business model of the studied restaurants. By choosing limited opening hours, managers are able to schedule staff much easier and respect, as much as possible their work-life balance which then contributes to a more stable and motivated workforce. The results also show that this is only possible because restaurants manage to be profitable within the limited opening hours period. Further studies should be conducted to better understand how these new business model approaches could be used in larger-scale restaurants with non-limited opening hours.