bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cell Profiling of Reprogrammed Human Neural Stem Cells Unveils High Similarity to Neural Progenitors in the Developing Central Nervous System
Authors: Spathopoulou Angeliki , Podlesnic Martina , De Gaetano Laura , Kirsch Elena Marie , Tisch Marcel , Finotello Francesca , Aigner Ludwig , Günther Katharina , Edenhofer Frank 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Similar to induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) can be directly converted from human somatic cells such as dermal fibroblasts and peripheral blood monocytes. While previous studies have demonstrated the resemblance of iNSCs to neural stem cells derived from primary sources and embryonic stem cells, respectively, a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between iNSCs and their physiological counterparts remained to be investigated.

Methods
Nowadays, single-cell sequencing technologies provide unique opportunities for in-depth cellular benchmarking of complex cell populations. Our study involves the comprehensive profiling of converted human iNSCs at a single-cell transcriptomic level, alongside conventional methods, like flow cytometry and immunofluorescence stainings.

Results
Our results show that the iNSC conversion yields a homogeneous cell population expressing bona fide neural stem cell markers. Extracting transcriptomic signatures from published single cell transcriptomic atlas data and comparison to the iNSC transcriptome reveals resemblance to embryonic neuroepithelial cells of early neurodevelopmental stages observed in vivo at 5 weeks of development.

Conclusion
Our data underscore the physiological relevance of directly converted iNSCs, making them a valuable in vitro system for modeling human central nervous system development and establishing translational applications in cell therapy and compound screening.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of Annexin A2 on prognosis and sensitivity to immune checkpoint plus tyrosine kinase inhibition in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Lin Jinglai , Wang Jiahao , Wang Ying , Zhu Yanjun , Xu Xianglai , Guo Jianming 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy (IO) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy is the first-line recommendation for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but no biomarker has been approved for it. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) can induce immune escape in tumors.

Methods
Two independent cohorts of advanced RCC treated by IO + TKI were utilized for survival analysis (ZS-MRCC, n = 45; Javelin-101, n = 726). ANXA2 expression was determined by RNA-sequencing. The impact of ANXA2 on the tumor microenvironment was assessed by RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry in two localized RCC datasets (ZS-HRRCC, n = 40; TCGA-KIRC, n = 530).

Results
ANXA2 was upregulated in non-responders of IO + TKI therapy (p = 0.027). High-ANXA2 group showed poor progression-free survival (PFS) in both the ZS-MRCC cohort (HR, 2.348; 95% CI 1.084–5.085; P = 0.025) and the Javelin-101 cohort (HR, 1.472; 95% CI 1.043–2.077; P = 0.027). Multivariate Cox regression determined ANXA2 as an independent prognostic factor (HR, 2.619; 95% CI 1.194–5.746; P = 0.016). High-ANXA2 was correlated with decreased proportion of granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells (Spearman’s ρ = − 0.40, P = 0.01), and increased TIM-3+ (Spearman’s ρ = 0.43, P < 0.001) and CTLA4+ (Spearman’s ρ = 0.49, P < 0.001) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A random forest (RF) score was further build by integrating ANXA2 and immune genes, which stratified patients who would benefit from IO + TKI therapy (low-RF score, IO + TKI vs TKI, HR = 0.453, 95% CI 0.328–0.626; high-RF score, IO + TKI vs TKI, HR = 0.877, 95% CI 0.661–1.165; interaction P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Upregulated ANXA2 was associated with poor PFS and therapeutic resistance in RCC treated by IO + TKI therapy, and related with T cell exhaustion. The integrated RF score could stratify patients who would benefit from IO + TKI therapy.
On the convergence of the trajectories of the dynamical Moudafi’s viscosity approximation system
Authors: May Ramzi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study the asymptotic behavior of trajectories of the continuous dynamical system(CDS) associated with the discrete viscosity approximation method for fixed point problem of nonexpansive mapping (DDS) which was introduced by Moudafi (J Math Anal Appl 241:46–55, 2000). We establish that the trajectories x(t) of the continuous dynamical system (CDS) has an asymptotic behavior similar to the behavior of the sequences $$(x_{n})$$

(

x
n

)

generated by the discrete viscosity approximation (DDS)
Modulation Instability and Convergence of the Random-Phase Approximation for Stochastic Sea States
Authors: Athanassoulis Agissilaos , Kyza Irene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe nonlinear Schrödinger equation is widely used as an approximate model for the evolution in time of the water wave envelope. In the context of simulating ocean waves, initial conditions are typically generated from a measured power spectrum using the random-phase approximation, and periodized on an interval of lengthL. It is known that most realistic ocean waves power spectra do not exhibit modulation instability, but the most severe ones do; it is thus a natural question to ask whether the periodized random-phase approximation has the correct stability properties. In this work, we specify a random-phase approximation scaling, so that, in the limit of$$L\rightarrow \infty ,$$L→∞,the stability properties of the periodized problem are identical to those of the continuous power spectrum on the infinite line. Moreover, it is seen through concrete examples that using a too short computational domain can completely suppress the modulation instability.
Effect of partial replacement of volcanic ashes by waste iron powder on the properties of phosphate inorganic polymers
Authors: Ebongue Louise Ndongo , Dickson Bernard Missota Priso , Nelle Frank Hervé Justin , DJimtibaye Raadmadje , Janiak Christoph , Manga Joseph Dika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the effect of partial replacement of volcanic ash (VA) by waste iron powder in the synthesis of phosphate inorganic polymers (PIPs) based of volcanic ashes. For this purpose, 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the waste iron powder were substituted for those of two volcanic ash named MaJ and Mbo. Subsequently, all the powders were mixed with a solution of H3PO4 (6 M) with a liquid/solid mass ratio of 0.45. The raw materials were characterized by XRF, BET, XRD and FTIR. In addition to these characterization techniques, the obtained synthesis products were also characterized by Optical Microscopy. The properties of the 28-day old specimens were evaluated by determining the compressive strength, density, percentage water absorption and porosity. The results obtained show that the increase in iron powder waste leads to a decrease in compressive strength and density and, in parallel, an increase in porosity and water absorption. In combination with the BET analyses, the observation of the optical micrographs shows that for a partial replacement of 10% of the ash powder (Mbo) by the iron powder waste leads to an increase in the specific surface of the synthesis products and an increased presence of voids within the Mbo-based specimens. On the other hand, for the same content, we observe an occupation of the pores within the MaJ-based specimens. All these results show that iron powders wastes lead to an expansion of the pore volumes in our materials and make them more fragile. Therefore, iron powders can be used as a pore-forming agent in the synthesis of porous Mbo-based PIPs and as fillers for MaJ based PIPs.
Population genetics and demography of the endemic mouse species of Cyprus, Mus cypriacus
Authors: Hardouin Emilie A. , Riccioli Francesca , Andreou Demetra , Baltazar-Soares Miguel , Cvitanović Marin , Williams Nathan F. , Chevret Pascale , Renaud Sabrina , García-Rodriguez Oxala , Hadjisterkotis Eleftherios , Miltiadou Despoina , Macholán Miloš , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Kuenzel Sven , Mitsainas George P. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMus cypriacus is one of three small palaeoendemic mammals that have survived the Mediterranean islands’ anthropization. This species, endemic to Cyprus, was described in 2006 and stands out as one of the last mammal species to have been discovered in Europe. Despite scarce data on its genetics, ecology, and life-history traits, Mus cypriacus is assessed as Least Concern LC in the IUCN Red List, partly due to its morphological similarity with the sympatric house mouse that prevented earlier identification. Our study uses mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to investigate this small rodent's population genetic structure and diversity. Our analysis did not identify any population genetic structure and suggested a high genetic diversity across Cyprus. When inferring habitat preference using sample locations, it appeared that M. cypriacus utilizes a diverse variety of habitats, covering more than 80% of the island. Although these results are encouraging for the conservation status of the species, they still need to be cautiously applied as potential threats may arise due to increasing habitat destruction and changes in land use. Consequently, our encouraging results should be applied judiciously. Additional ecological data are urgently needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this inconspicuous endemic species.
The Linguistic Feature Relation Analysis of Premise and Hypothesis for Interpreting Nature Language Inference
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Li Lin , Zhang Mengjing , Zhang Rui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNatural language inference (NLI) is a fundamental task of natural language processing (NLP). Most recent NLI research has focused on explaining the model’s decisions in generating causal explanations (i.e., why did a premise/hypothesis pair as input lead to their inference relation as output?). As layer-based language models can learn language structure information, this paper conducts a sample-by-sample analysis of the linguistic feature relation between premise and hypothesis that is expected to guide NLI modeling and interpretation better. Our empirical study verifies that the linguistic feature relation of premise/hypothesis pairs can be seen in NLI inference models, which can be used to interpret inference samples. Meanwhile, experimental results show that these linguistic features relation interpretation can help the NLI model achieve comparable inference accuracy compared with state-of-the-art methods.
The impact of inclusive mentoring and identity work on self-efficacy in career advancement and career commitment among underrepresented early-career faculty and post-doctoral fellows
Authors: Thakar Maya S. , Rubio Doris M. , Murrell Audrey J. , Morone Natalia E. , Mitchell Miland Chantele , White Gretchen E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjective:Researchers from underrepresented groups leave research positions at a disproportionate rate. We aim to identify factors associated with self-efficacy in career advancement and career commitment among underrepresented post-doctoral fellows and early-career faculty.Methods:Building Up is a cluster-randomized trial with 25 academic health institutions. In September-October 2020, 219 Building Up participants completed the pre-intervention assessment, which included questions on demographics, science identity, mentoring, self-efficacy in career advancement (i.e., advancement is open to me, confidence in career progression, confidence in overcoming professional barriers), and career commitment (i.e., intent to continue research training or studying in a field related to biomedical sciences). Using logistic and multinomial logistic regression, we identified characteristics independently associated with self-efficacy in career advancement and career commitment.Results:The cohort is 80% female, 33% non-Hispanic/Latinx Black, and 34% Hispanic/Latinx. Having mentors that address diversity was significantly associated with the belief that advancement is open to them (OR = 1.7). Higher science identity (OR = 4.0) and having mentors that foster independence (OR = 1.8) were significantly associated with confidence in career progression. Higher science identity was also significantly associated with confidence in overcoming professional barriers (OR = 2.3) and intent to continue studying in a field related to biomedical sciences (OR = 3.3). Higher age (OR = 2.3) and higher science identity (OR = 4.2) were significantly associated with intent to continue research training.Discussion:Science identity and mentoring play key roles in self-efficacy in career advancement and career commitment. These factors may contribute to retention of underrepresented early-career biomedical researchers.
Follow the money: Trucker pay incentives, working time, and safety
Authors: Ju Shengyang , Belzer Michael H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMost truck drivers experience economic pressure in the form of low pay rates, no pay for non-driving work time, and long work hours. Unpaid working time, leading to low effective pay rates, encourages drivers to work excessive hours to pursue target earnings, which leads to fatigue and working time violations, and ultimately raises crash rates. This paper explores the complex relationship between regulatory violations, pay incentives, and crashes, to determine the effects of economic forces on carrier safety. We use data from 13,904 intrastate trucking companies in the United States, as well as median hourly truck driver wages from data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. We find that controlling for observed regulatory violations (hours of service, unsafe driving, and substance abuse), at the mean, 1% higher driver wages are associated with 1.04% fewer crashes. Stated differently, a 10% wage increase would be 5 times as effective as a 10% reduction in ‘unsafe driving’ or 2.5 times as effective as a 10% reduction in ‘driver fitness’ violations. This unit elasticity between driver pay and crashes suggests that higher compensation will bring direct and commensurate worker and public safety benefits. Every unit in higher pay, at the mean, will lead to a corresponding unit improvement in safety. Our findings suggest that the most effective way for regulators to pursue their mission to reduce crashes, fatal or otherwise, would be to collect firm-level data on truck driver compensation and allow their methodology to follow sound science.
Use of otolith microchemical and morphological analyses for stock discrimination of Sarpa salpa on two Tunisian islands, Djerba and Kerkennah
Authors: Ben Ghorbel Meriam , Mejri Marwa , Adjibayo Houeto Madel Floriane , Chalh Abdellah , Quignard Jean-Pierre , Trabelsi Monia , Bouriga Nawzet 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Otolith morphological and microchemical analyses are relatively new scientific research methods used in fish stock evaluation and management. However, in Tunisia, only morphological methods have been used. The objective of this study was the Sarpa salpa stock discrimination of Djerba and Kerkennah by the otoliths morphological and microchemical analysis, while carrying out a fluctuating asymmetry analysis and a stock comparison of males and females for each population. The results revealed significant differences between the Djerba and Kerkennah populations, significant differences between the stocks of males and females in each population, and a highly significant fluctuating asymmetry for both populations. The results of the otolith morphological analysis were similar to those of the microchemical analysis. This result proves that both morphological and microchemical analyses are powerful tools for fish stock discrimination.
Midwives’ oaths: everyday life and the law in seventeenth-century England
Authors: Fox Sarah , Brazier Margaret 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article explores historical and legal approaches to past society, asking what each has to offer the other. Using early modern midwives’ oaths as a case study, it examines the extent to which the law shapes everyday life and society, and vice versa allowing us to situate early modern midwives at the intersection of a number of important and competing seventeenth-century institutions including state, church, society, and profession. We argue that a historico-legal approach to the practices of seventeenth-century midwives demands a reconsideration of the historiography of medical ethics and of the professions more broadly. It situates midwives as holders of formal office, and agents of the emergent early modern state and encourages reflection on the nature of ethical practice, and professional regulation within their social, cultural, and political context.
Beziehungen zu einem System
Authors: Mayer Michael 
Published: March 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Sprachbasierte Systeme wie Alexa, Siri oder Google werden von vielen Menschen im Alltag selbstverständlich genutzt. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Die neue emotionalisierte Künstliche Intelligenz bietet eine Form der Interaktion, die an menschliche Kommunikation erinnert. Sie sollen Beziehungspartner sein. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Emotionalisierte KI-Systeme könnten in Zukunft auch zur Stärkung der psychischen Gesundheit eingesetzt werden. Pflegefachpersonen sollten in der Lage sein, die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen solcher Systeme zu beurteilen.
Drought Spatial Extent and Dependence Increase During Drought Propagation From the Atmosphere to the Hydrosphere
Authors: Brunner Manuela I. , Chartier‐Rescan Corentin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs droughts propagate both in time and space, their impacts increase because of changes in drought properties. Because temporal and spatial drought propagation are mostly studied separately, it is yet unknown how drought spatial extent and connectedness change as droughts propagate though the hydrological cycle from precipitation to streamflow and groundwater. Here, we use a large‐sample dataset of 70 catchments in Central Europe to study the propagation of local and spatial drought characteristics. We show that drought propagation leads to longer, later, and fewer droughts with larger spatial extents. 75% of the precipitation droughts propagate to P‐ET, among these 20% propagate further to streamflow and 10% to groundwater. Of the streamflow droughts, 40% propagate to groundwater. Drought extent and dependence increase during drought propagation along the drought propagation pathway from precipitation to streamflow thanks to synchronizing effects of the land‐surface but decreases again for groundwater because of sub‐surface heterogeneity.
The Dipole Mode of Summer Wet‐Bulb Temperature Over Eastern China and the Possible Mechanisms
Authors: He Wenyue , Chen Huopo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOne prominent mode of the variability in the summer wet‐bulb temperature (WBT) over eastern China exhibits a distinct north‒south dipole pattern. This pattern demonstrates a positive center in northern China (NC), while a negative center is observed in southern China (SC). Our results indicate that the dipole mode of WBT could be partially ascribed to the impact of spring snow anomalies in eastern Europe–western Siberia (EEWS). The reduction in the snow depth, coupled with dry soil conditions, enhances the surface heat flux and consequently leads to an increase in the near‐surface air temperature. The signal of soil moisture could persist from spring to summer, stimulating the generation of zonal Rossby waves. Consequently, the significant wave flux anomalies propagate from EEWS downstream and influence the atmospheric circulation over eastern China. These patterns play a role in the increase in the surface air temperature and moisture accumulation over NC, ultimately leading to the establishment of the dipole mode of WBT over eastern China in summer. Further analysis indicates that the atypical low sea surface temperature in the tropical Ocean, induced by the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation, establishes a climatic context favorable for the persistence of an anomalous cyclone in the Northwest Pacific (NWP) throughout the summer season. The strengthened convection over the NWP and SC induces a dipole pattern of atmospheric circulation by stimulating a meridional wave train. This pattern creates favorable temperature and moisture conditions, contributing to the development of the dipole mode of the summer WBT across eastern China.
Once-weekly versus twice-weekly bortezomib in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a real-world analysis
Authors: Hoff Fieke W. , Banerjee Rahul , Khan Adeel M. , McCaughan Georgia , Wang Bo , Wang Xiaoliang , Roose James , Anderson Larry D. , Cowan Andrew J. , Rajkumar S. Vincent , Kaur Gurbakhash 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInduction regimens for multiple myeloma (MM) commonly include bortezomib, which has typically been administered twice weekly despite studies demonstrating comparable efficacy and less peripheral neuropathy (PN) with once-weekly bortezomib. We aimed to analyze the real-world prevalence and efficacy of once-weekly versus twice-weekly bortezomib regimens in newly diagnosed MM. We analyzed 2497 US patients aged 18–70 years treated with commercial first-line bortezomib using nationwide Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived data, including 910 (36.4%) patients who received twice-weekly and 1522 (63.2%) who received once-weekly bortezomib. Once-weekly bortezomib use increased over time, from 57.7% in 2017 to 73.1% in 2022. Multivariate analysis identified worsened performance status and more recent year of diagnosis with higher odds of receiving once-weekly bortezomib. Real-world progression-free survival (median 37.2 months with once-weekly versus 39.6 months with twice-weekly, p = 0.906) and overall survival (medians not reached in either cohort, p = 0.800) were comparable. PN rates were higher in patients receiving twice-weekly bortezomib (34.7% versus 18.5%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, once-weekly bortezomib is clearly associated with similar efficacy and fewer toxicities compared to twice-weekly bortezomib. Our findings support once-weekly bortezomib as a standard-of-care regimen for newly diagnosed patients with MM.
Intrinsic and extrinsic actions of human neural progenitors with SUFU inhibition promote tissue repair and functional recovery from severe spinal cord injury
Authors: Chen Yong-Long , Feng Xiang-Lan , Tam Kin-Wai , Fan Chao-Yang , Cheung May Pui-Lai , Yang Yong-Ting , Wong Stanley , Shum Daisy Kwok-Yan , Chan Ying-Shing , Cheung Chi-Wai , Cheung Martin , Liu Jessica Aijia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs) provide major cell sources for repairing damaged neural circuitry and enabling axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the injury niche and inadequate intrinsic factors in the adult spinal cord restrict the therapeutic potential of transplanted NPCs. The Sonic Hedgehog protein (Shh) has crucial roles in neurodevelopment by promoting the formation of motorneurons and oligodendrocytes as well as its recently described neuroprotective features in response to the injury, indicating its essential role in neural homeostasis and tissue repair. In this study, we demonstrate that elevated SHH signaling in hNPCs by inhibiting its negative regulator, SUFU, enhanced cell survival and promoted robust neuronal differentiation with extensive axonal outgrowth, counteracting the harmful effects of the injured niche. Importantly, SUFU inhibition in NPCs exert non-cell autonomous effects on promoting survival and neurogenesis of endogenous cells and modulating the microenvironment by reducing suppressive barriers around lesion sites. The combined beneficial effects of SUFU inhibition in hNPCs resulted in the effective reconstruction of neuronal connectivity with the host and corticospinal regeneration, significantly improving neurobehavioral recovery in recipient animals. These results demonstrate that SUFU inhibition confers hNPCs with potent therapeutic potential to overcome extrinsic and intrinsic barriers in transplantation treatments for SCI.