bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial lactate levels linked to oliguria in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zeng Huihui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Oliguria is a sign of impaired kidney function and has been shown to be an early predictor of adverse prognoses in patients with acute kidney injury. The relationship between urine output (UOP) and early lactate levels in neonates with perinatal asphyxia (PA) has not been extensively explored. This study aimed to investigate the link between oliguria during the first 24 h of life and early lactate levels in neonates with PA.

Methods
The medical records of 293 term neonates with asphyxia from 9216 hospitalized newborns were retrospectively analyzed, including 127 cases designated as the oliguria group and 166 cases as controls. Peripheral arterial blood gas after PA and UOP within 24 h after birth were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were conducted.

Results
Oliguria occurred in 43.34% of neonates with PA. The median UOP of the oliguria and control groups were 0.65 and 1.46 mL/kg/h, respectively. Elevated lactate levels after PA are an independent risk factor for oliguria in the following 24 h (p = 0.01; OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.04–1.35) and show a moderate discriminatory power for oliguria (AUC = 0.62). Using a cut off value of 8.15 mmol/L, the positive and negative predictive values and the specificity were 59.34%, 63.86%, and 78.30%, respectively.

Conclusion
Neonates with elevated lactate levels after PA face a risk of oliguria in the following 24 h. Based on early elevated lactate levels after resuscitation, especially ≥ 8.15 mmol/L, meticulously monitoring UOP will allow this vulnerable population to receive early, tailored fluid management and medical intervention.

Graphical abstract
A novel approach for Parkinson’s disease detection using Vold-Kalman order filtering and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Latifoğlu Fatma , Penekli Sultan , Orhanbulucu Fırat , Chowdhury Muhammad E. H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder caused by damage to dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, it is important to develop systems for early and automatic diagnosis of PD. For this purpose, a study that will contribute to the development of systems for the automatic diagnosis of PD is presented. The Electroencephalography (EEG) signals were decomposed into sub-bands using adaptive decomposition methods, such as empirical mode decomposition, variational mode decomposition, and Vold-Kalman order filtering (VKF). Various features were extracted from the sub-band decomposed signals, and the significant ones were determined by Chi-squared test. These important features were applied as input to support vector machine (SVM), fitch neural network (FNN), k-nearest neighbours (KNN), and decision trees (DT), machine learning (ML) models and classification was performed. We analysed the performance of ML models by obtaining accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive values, F1-score, false-positive rate, kappa statistics, and area under the curve. The classification process was performed for two cases: PD ON-HC and PD OFF-HC groups. The most successful method in this study was the VKF method, which was applied for the first time in this field with the approach specified for both cases. In both instances, the SVM algorithm was employed as the ML model, with classifier performance criterion values close to 100%. The results obtained in this study seem to be successful compared to the results of recent research on the diagnosis of PD.
Driving emotions: using virtual reality to explore the effect of low and high arousal on driver’s attention
Authors: Dozio Nicolò , Bertoni Marco , Ferrise Francesco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe role played by emotions and attention is crucial for the development of advanced driver assistance systems that improve safety by flexibly adapting to the current state of the driver. In the present study, we used immersive virtual reality as a testing tool to investigate how different emotional states affect drivers’ attention in a divided attention task. Two different emotional states, diversified by valence and arousal, were induced before performing a divided attention task in a driving simulation. The experimental task developed for this study allowed us to explore if and how two different emotional states can affect the way drivers divide their attention between a central driving-related task and a peripheral visual task. Our results showed that scared drivers presented lower reaction times at the central task compared to relaxed drivers. On the contrary, the emotional state did not affect the performance at the peripheral task, which revealed instead a significant effect of the eccentricity at which the visual stimuli were presented, influencing both the accuracy of targets’ perception and participants’ reaction times.
A principled approach to non-discrimination in cost-effectiveness
Authors: Lakdawalla Darius N. , Doctor Jason N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) prohibits the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) from using standard quality-adjusted life-years or other value assessment methods that discriminate against the aged, terminally ill, or disabled when setting maximum fair prices for prescription drugs. This policy has reignited interest in methods for assessing value without discrimination. Equal value of life-years gained (EVL), healthy years in total (HYT), and Generalized Risk-Adjusted Cost-Effectiveness (GRACE) have emerged as proposals. Neither EVL nor HYT rests on well-articulated microeconomic foundations. We show that they produce decisions that are inconsistent over time in a variety of ways, including: (1) failure to support additivity and indirect comparison in cases where the standard-of-care therapy changes over time; (2) strictly negative value of survival gains that accrue from a new, better standard-of-care, particularly for the disabled themselves; (3) unbounded average value of survival gains; and (4) non-convex survival preferences. We propose an alternative method that relies on GRACE and its microeconomic foundations.
Mechanical complexity of living cells can be mapped onto simple homogeneous equivalents
Authors: Wohlrab Sebastian , Mueller Sebastian , Gekle Stephan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiological cells are built up from different constituents of varying size and stiffness which all contribute to the cell’s mechanical properties. Despite this heterogeneity, in the analysis of experimental measurements one often assumes a strongly simplified homogeneous cell and thus a single elastic modulus is assigned to the entire cell. This ad-hoc simplification has so far mostly been used without proper justification. Here, we use computer simulations to show that indeed a mechanically heterogeneous cell can effectively be replaced by a homogeneous equivalent cell with a volume averaged elastic modulus. To demonstrate the validity of this approach, we investigate a hyperelastic cell with a heterogeneous interior under compression and in shear/channel flow mimicking atomic force and microfluidic measurements, respectively. We find that the homogeneous equivalent cell reproduces quantitatively the behavior of its heterogeneous counterpart, and that this equality is largely independent of the stiffness or spatial distribution of the heterogeneity.
Social Representations and Experiences of Sexual Transactions Among Swiss Youth
Authors: Colombo Annamaria , Carbajal Myrian , Milani Riccardo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis article relies on quantitative data collected in Switzerland as part of a research study on sexual transactions among youth. Building on an analytical framework that defines sexual transactions in terms of negotiated exchanges rooted in social representations, we explored how they were perceived by the Swiss young people included in our sample at a cognitive, ethical, and political level. We found that research participants who reported having experienced sexual transactions viewed them much more positively than those who reported never having engaged in such exchanges. While this was especially true among young women, we also found that the tendency of respondents to perceive sexual transactions negatively increased with age. When analyzed in light of the qualitative results of our study, these quantitative findings suggest that negative representations of sexual transactions are less likely to be based on lived experience than on an ideal-type of sexual behavior. In other words, our research highlights how young people interpret sexuality according to norms developed within a heteronormative matrix.
Development of Gender Non-Contentedness During Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Authors: Rawee Pien , Rosmalen Judith G. M. , Kalverdijk Luuk , Burke Sarah M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdolescence is an important period for the development of gender identity. We studied the development of gender non-contentedness, i.e., unhappiness with being the gender aligned with one’s sex, from early adolescence to young adulthood, and its association with self-concept, behavioral and emotional problems, and adult sexual orientation. Participants were 2772 adolescents (53% male) from the Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey population and clinical cohort. Data from six waves were included (ages 11–26). Gender non-contentedness was assessed with the item “I wish to be of the opposite sex” from the Youth and Adult Self-Report at all six waves. Behavioral and emotional problems were measured by total scores of these scales at all six waves. Self-concept was assessed at age 11 using the Global Self-Worth and Physical Appearance subscales of the Self-Perception Profile for Children. Sexual orientation was assessed at age 22 by self-report. In early adolescence, 11% of participants reported gender non-contentedness. The prevalence decreased with age and was 4% at the last follow-up (around age 26). Three developmental trajectories of gender non-contentedness were identified: no gender non-contentedness (78%), decreasing gender non-contentedness (19%), and increasing gender non-contentedness (2%). Individuals with an increasing gender non-contentedness more often were female and both an increasing and decreasing trajectory were associated with a lower global self-worth, more behavioral and emotional problems, and a non-heterosexual sexual orientation. Gender non-contentedness, while being relatively common during early adolescence, in general decreases with age and appears to be associated with a poorer self-concept and mental health throughout development.
Expression of Affect and Illocution
Authors: Vassilicos Basil 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the aim is to explore how there can be a role for expression of affect in illocution, drawing upon some ideas about expression put forward by Karl Bühler. In a first part of the paper, I map some active discussions and open questions surrounding phenomena that seem to involve “expression of affect”. Second, I home in on a smaller piece of that larger puzzle; namely, a consideration of how there may be non-conventional expression of affect. I provide some examples of what I take that to involve and set out some premises for approaching it. In a third section, I motivate such an interest by pointing to a question in speech act theory concerning ‘force conventionalism’. This is whether and how illocution can be performed non-conventionally—that is, whether (at least some) utterances can be communicated with illocutionary force without need of convention. I propose that where expression of affect may occur non-conventionally, it may in turn constitute one important route through which at least some kinds of illocution are achieved. In the fourth part of the paper, I sketch an account of such non-conventional expression of affect for the purposes of illocution, by exploring a broadly Bühlerian account of some affects; namely, that some affects are teleological in character, that coordinations may be involved in their satisfactional states, and that uptake of the expressed affect constitutes one subset of such satisfactional states. That exposition points to the contemporary relevance of the “action theory of expression” proposed by Bühler.
The sources and structure of wage inequality changes in the selected Central-Eastern European Countries
Authors: Dorjnyambuu Byambasuren , Galambosné Tiszberger Mónika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the determinants of wage inequality and its fluctuations in six Central-Eastern European nations using European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions microdata from 2010 to 2019. Wage disparity in these countries changed in distinct ways. Inequality in Czechia and Romania is generally steady, has fallen consistently in Poland and Slovakia, and has increased in Bulgaria. Inequality has been steadily reducing in Hungary but has recently increased significantly. Therefore, this paper questions these countries' primary causes of wage inequality changes. In addition to providing a detailed description of inequality trends in these countries, we focus on examining the demographic and micro-level determinants alongside the minimum wage changes. We estimate these effects using RIF regression and RIF decompositions for various inequality measures. The changes in wage inequality in these countries were driven mainly by wage structure effects regardless of the increase or decrease in wage inequality. Changes in the returns to education and returns to permanent employment contracts are crucial in explaining decreased wage inequality. The increases in wage inequality in Hungary and Bulgaria are defined mainly by the changes in the estimated constants instead of micro-level determinants. The changes in the minimum wage explain most of the unknown factors in Bulgaria, and the spillover effects of the minimum wage may explain most of the unknown factors in Hungary. Our results can support the skill-biased technological change hypothesis in the case of Slovakia, Romania, Czechia, and Bulgaria.
Activated carbon treated with different chemical agents for pertechnetate adsorption
Authors: Hupian Marek , Galamboš Michal , Viglašová Eva , Rosskopfová Oľga , Kusumkar Vipul Vilas , Daňo Martin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe study investigated the adsorption behaviour of different activated carbon samples for pertechnetate under diverse conditions. Characterizations of A-CF-F and A-CF-Z samples were done using BET, FTIR, XRD, XRF and SEM–EDX methods. In batch experiments, maximum adsorption occured at pH 2, with a swift process and an optimal phase mixing time determined as 1 h for all of the samples. Analyzing experimental data using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models revealed coefficients of determination R2 exceeding 90%. The Freundlich isotherm was found to be more suitable for describing the adsorption process.
Understanding fatal landslides at global scales: a summary of topographic, climatic, and anthropogenic perspectives
Authors: Fidan Seçkin , Tanyaş Hakan , Akbaş Abdullah , Lombardo Luigi , Petley David N. , Görüm Tolga 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLandslides are a common global geohazard that lead to substantial loss of life and socio-economic damage. Landslides are becoming more common due to extreme weather events and the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance, and thus, they are threatening sustainable development in many vulnerable areas. Previous studies on fatal landslides have focused on inventory development; spatial and temporal distributions; the role of precipitation or seismic forcing; and human impacts. However, climatologic, topographic, and anthropogenic variables featuring fatal landslides at a global scale have been mostly neglected. Here, using the global fatal landslide database, we evaluate the characteristics of landslides induced by natural and anthropogenic factors with respect to topographic, climatic, and anthropogenic factors, drawing attention to their persistent spatial patterns. The majority of natural (69.3%) and anthropogenic (44.1%) landslides occur in mountainous areas in tropical and temperate regions, which are also characterized by the highest casualty rates per group, 66.7% and 43.0%, respectively. However, they significantly differ in terms of their morphometric footprint. Fatal landslides triggered by natural variables occur mostly in the highest portions of the topographic profile, where human disturbance is minimal. As for their anthropogenic counterpart, these failures cluster at much lower altitudes, where slopes are gentler, but human intervention is higher due to a higher population density. This observation points towards land cover changes being a critical factor in landscape dynamics, stressing the human pressure as a discriminant cause/effect term for natural vs. human-induced landslide fatalities.
How agency is constitutive of phenomenal consciousness: pushing the first and third-personal approaches to their limits
Authors: Liu Zixuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHusserl characterizes sleep with the idea of “the relaxation of the will.” One finds a similar approach in the work of Maine de Biran, who explains sleep as “the suspension of the will.” More recently, Brian O’Shaughnessy and Matthew Soteriou have argued that mental actions constitute wakeful consciousness. In clinical practice, patients with disorders of consciousness who show “purposeful” behavior are classified as “minimally conscious,” while those in an “unresponsive wakeful state” merely behave reflexively. To what extent and how are these proposals justified? This question pushes both the first- and the third-personal approaches to their limits: in an unconscious state, like a coma, one cannot reflect upon oneself; likewise, one cannot infer from physiological data whether someone is phenomenally conscious. This work offers a critical review of these proposals regarding the constitutive role for agency in phenomenal consciousness. It then presents revised versions of O’Shaughnessy’s and Soteriou’s Arguments from Synthesis and from Self-Consciousness. The argument is that everything of which one is phenomenally conscious is either a potential reason for a possible agentive power exertion, or just that power exertion itself. The “self” referred to in “self”-consciousness is either the agent or a “non-agent,” carrying out functions for the agent. Agency is therefore constitutive of phenomenal consciousness. The resulting view helps to solve the Combination Problem for panpsychism, by suggesting that agency is what raises sub-personal micro-consciousness to the personal level. The view may also justify the notion of a “Minimally Conscious State” in clinical practice.
Role of Extremophiles in Biodegradation of Emerging Pollutants
Authors: Chia Xing Kai , Hadibarata Tony , Jusoh Muhammad Noor Hazwan , Sutiknowati Lies Indah , Tan Inn Shi , Foo Henry Chee Yew 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEmerging pollutants, also referred to as emerging contaminants, are substances that have recently been recognized or are gaining attention due to their potential adverse impacts on the environment, human health, or ecosystems. These pollutants present a significant threat to both environmental and human well-being and are challenging to eliminate using conventional remediation methods. Extremophiles, organisms adapted to extreme environmental conditions like high or low temperatures, high pressure, and elevated salt concentrations, play a crucial role in this context. They produce a diverse array of enzymes capable of breaking down complex organic compounds, some of which remain stable and functional even in harsh environmental conditions, making extremophiles well-suited for use in bioremediation applications. Numerous studies have demonstrated the capability of extremophiles to degrade various pollutants, including toxic solvents, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals. Halophilic archaea, a type of extremophile, have particularly shown promise in degrading emerging contaminants in salt marsh sediments. Despite their potential, there are challenges associated with using extremophiles in bioremediation, such as the limited availability of extremophilic microorganisms capable of degrading specific pollutants and a reduction in enzyme stability when operating outside their optimum range. Nevertheless, ongoing research in this field is anticipated to result in the development of new and innovative bioremediation strategies for effectively removing emerging pollutants from the environment.
The clinical importance and correlations of post-partum changes in the clinical findings, reproductive cyclicity, serum-milk oxidant/antioxidant parameters as a stress indicator in female dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and their effect on milk palatability
Authors: Khalphallah Arafat , Almuhanna Abdulaziz H. , Al-Daek Taher , Alhaider Abdulrahman , Elmeligy Enas , Mohamed Ragab H. , Abdulkarim Abdulrahman , Khalifa Marwa I. , Bazeed Shefaa M. , Khesruf Khaled A. , Ghallab Rezk Said , Zakaria Asem M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDramatic metabolic changes during pregnancy and post-partum period resulted in alteration of the biochemical parameters in dromedary she-camels. The current study focused on assessment of stress indicators in post-partum dromedary she-camels on days 14, 28 and 42 post-calving through monitoring the clinical findings, serum steroid hormones, serum or milk oxidant/antioxidant indicators, and milk somatic cell count (SCC) status with reference to serum lipid profile changes. The study also stated several correlations between reproductive cyclicity parameters, stress biomarkers and serum-milk oxidant/antioxidant indicators. The study was conducted on clinically healthy recently calved she-camels (n = 25). They were subjected to clinical and laboratory assays including lipid profiles, serum steroid hormones [Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2)], serum or milk oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers [Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and cortisol], and milk SCC on days 14, 21 and 28 post-calving. The study concluded the influence of stress as a result of lactation in post-partum period in recently calved she-camels and its relationship with reproductive cyclicity as well as changes in serum steroids, lipid profiles, serum-milk oxidant/antioxidants parameters, and milk SCC that was reflected through significant elevations in serum levels of P4, E2, cortisol, MDA and glucose, and milk values of MDA, cortisol and SCC as well as significant drop in serum levels of GSH, TPs, albumins and globulins on day 14 post-calving comparing with their values particularly on day 42. The study stated variable correlation relationships between reproductive cyclicity parameters, lipid profiles, serum-milk oxidant/antioxidants parameters and milk SCC.