bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of effectiveness factors in published articles on management information systems
Authors: Etnyre Vance , Kretlow William J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractMIS articles published during the past 15 years have differed widely in effectiveness of presenting MIS principles. The authors have discussed trends in the literature and have attempted to identify characteristics which can be used to predict classroom effectiveness. Ten hypotheses were formulated to determine the relationships between effectiveness and descriptive characteristics. These hypotheses attempted to identify factors related to effectiveness in explaining fundamental MIS concepts and principles of MIS design, implementation, management and use. The authors analyzed 42 articles using 19 descriptive characteristics and five measures of effectiveness.Statistical tests were performed to determine if the correlations among various factors are significant in explaining the effectiveness of MIS articles. The authors found that specificity in defining MIS was significant in explaining the effectiveness of MIS articles. The importance of organizational aspects and the importance of managerial requirements were verified empirically.
Computer Simulation of the Circulation Subsystem of a Library
Authors: Shaw W. M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAn existing model of the circulation subsystem of a library has been modified to explicitly include renewals and to describe a semester loan policy. An extensive amount of experimental data have been obtained by recording the history of all books which circulated from Sears Library at Case Western Reserve University during the fall semester, 1973. These data, which characterize various aspects of user behavior, in combination with a numerical statement of the loan policy of the library serve as input parameters for the model which simulates the events that occur in the circulation subsystem. The results of the simulation provide information about the availability of books and the delay associated with recalls.These results have been compared to experimental observation. The agreement between the predicted values and the experimental observation is good. Thus the validity of the model is demonstrated, and the model is used to simulate various alternative loan policies. The effect of these alternatives on book availability is also given.
The library as an information utility in the university context: Evolution and measurement of service
Authors: Kantor P. B. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe examine the problem of measuring library performance objectively, with particular attention to the service rendered to the users of the library. We also consider that the context in which the library operates may modify the performance goals, both properly and improperly. We selected an aggregate measure of performance, the Total Contact Time per Potential User. This is mathematically decomposed into eight parameters which are independently meaningful, measurable and manipulatable. They provide a multi‐dimensional picture of the corresponding aspects of library performance. We present a detailed algorithm for the determination of four of these from a frustration study and sketch the significance and possible measurement techniques for the others. Some values of the four performance parameters related to frustration or availability are reported and their significance for a user oriented cost‐benefit analysis is discussed briefly.
The internal processing format for bibliographic data at the royal library of Belgium
Authors: Goossens Paula C. , Bourgois‐Derison Jaklien M. , Hubert Andre B. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTo cope with the information explosion, libraries and documentation centers have implemented computerassisted bibliographic systems. Many institutions create bibliographic data in machine‐readable form, with virtually as many data formats in existence as particular systems.To build our own integrated library system, we have developed an internal processing format having a high degree of flexibility to better accommodate bibliographic descriptions originating in other institutions. This format is largely based on MARC II and is optimized for internal processing, bibliographic data communication on a national or international basis, and search and retrieval. This format provides the core of a system able to accommodate generalized software, varying hardware and expansion without modification of the general design philosophy.
Knowledge and information spaces: Implications for retrieval systems
Authors: McGill Michael J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractVector representations of information items and requests will be used as a basis for a discussion of knowledge and information spaces. The representations will allow such questions as the meaning of relationships between vectors within the spaces. It will be shown that there are a number of possibilities for establishing these relationships, even if one is restricted to a basic cosine correlation measure. Using geometric representations, it will be shown that one is able to accept a predefined space or redefine the space. This redefinition may be accomplished through projections and two types of projections will be examined. It will be shown that using these concepts will impact an individual's perception of information items within the space. Thus, consideration of these factors is critical to the design of retrieval and SDI systems.
Computer‐aided selection in a library network
Authors: Spaulding F. H. , Stanton R. O. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA new selection policy has recently been implemented by the Bell Laboratories Library Network. It is based on selection profiles for each of the member libraries. These profiles, which detail the subjects in which books and other materials will be collected, are prepared with the advice of users and supported by several existing computer‐aided systems. Interests are represented both by Dewey Decimal Classification numbers and subject descriptors. The profiles provide a formal means by which management can bring available resources directly to bear on user needs.
Application of a collection‐control model for scientific libraries
Authors: Sinha Bani K. , Clelland Richard C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis collection‐control model is based jointly on book age and collection proportion in each of several classes of a subject matter classification system. Application of the model to the physics bookholdings of the Mathematics‐Physics Library of the University of Pennsylvania indicates that the same number of home uses as actually occurred in 1968 could have been generated by a physics collection 60.2 percent the size of the actual collection. It also provides estimates of the number of books to be acquired and weeded during the succeeding year. Opinions of subject‐matter experts should be incorporated into the decision to determine titles to be removed from the active collection.
Computerized russian translation at ORNL
Authors: Jordan Sara R. , Brown Antony F. R. , Hutton Fred C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSince 1964, as an adjunct to its automated technical information processing services to ERDA and other federal agencies, a generalized language translation system has been used by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to translate Russian scientific text to English. The translation system, first implemented at Georgetown University around 1960, has been rewritten and improved through the years as computer models changed. Although the translations lack high literary quality, the system, by means of its context sensitive dictionary, nevertheless provides inexpensive, fast and highly useful translations of scientific literature.The method used involves a linguistically‐oriented programming language called Simulated Linguistic Computer (SLC), with which a language‐specific dictionary can be written for use by the translation system. The dictionary entry for any word can be augmented by procedures which permit its meaning to be modified by its context; more general linguistic procedures operate on the sentence as a whole.In an evaluation of user reaction, over ninety percent of the respondents rated the machine translation (MT) service “good” or “acceptable” on translations of their subject specialty. Development, implementation, and documentation of the system are continuing, as we meet increasing requests for service and attempt new applications of the MT system.
The informative act and its aftermath: Toward a predictive science of information
Authors: Levine Marilyn M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe paradigm statement for a predictive science of semantic information is presented in the form of an informative act, a one‐sentence concatenation of a performative preamble with one bit of perceived “hard” information. Such sentences produce stress in the receiver which can be measured subjectively using the Holmes‐Rahe stress scale. A unit called the whomp is introduced which describes the net effect of receiving a message with both hard information and human stress points. Such messages can be said to “produce” records.In an extension of the concept of the informative act to a major personage, such as a Head of State, we examine the public records in the form of books produced. Although the prediction is not as refined as we would like, we project somewhere between 16 and 32 titles to be listed in Cumulative Book Index under the subject heading “Nixon, Richard M.” during the twenty‐year period 1974‐1994, all other things being equal.
The relationship between author names and author entries in a large on‐line union catalog as retrieved using truncated keys
Authors: Smith Joseph D. , Rush James E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of certain truncated‐key structures in retrieving sets of bibliographic records that represent works authored by a single individual. The results show that a key of the form 4,3,1 retrieved one personal author name 98% of the time. A key of the same form retrieved one corporate author name 82% of the time. A stop‐list is necessary to eliminate certain troublesome words in corporate names.
Input‐output relationships in on‐line bibliographic searching
Authors: Cooper Michael D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA methodology is proposed to aid in system design and evaluation of on‐line bibliographic search systems. It uses multiple linear regression analysis to ascertain if there is a relationship between measures of search out‐put (such as cost‐effectiveness and cost) and input (such as the characteristics of the search‐number of descriptors used, number of Boolean operators, charateristics of the requestor, and characteristics of the searcher). Four measures of cost‐effectiveness and cost alone are pre‐sented and their values are calculated using empirical data from the DIALOG system for a sample of searches. From the sample data it is concluded that the cost‐effectiveness measures are not sensitive to input‐variable changes. In contrast, there is a good statistical relation between the cost of an on‐line search and the value of the input variables.
A very early warning system for the rapid identification and transfer of new technology
Authors: Julius Marc , Berkoff Charles E. , Strack Alvin E. , Krasovec Frank , Bender A. Douglas 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe article describes the structure and mechanism of a Very Early Warning System (VEWS) which was devel‐oped as a tool for the early recognition and transfer of new technology, affecting both present and future R&D activities in the pharmaceutical sector. The VEWS de‐scribed is concerned with the collection, interpretation, analysis, and exploitation of new data from the world‐wide scientific and patent literature, scientific meetings, government reports, and personal communications. Sys‐tems activities are grouped into four phases: data acquisition, data expansion, critical analysis, and data exploitation. Iterative processing of an expanding com‐puterized data base is a key feature of the system.
The roles of reviews in information transfer
Authors: Woodward Anthony M. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFollowing a general discussion of reviews and of the problems of identification and definition, the literature on user studies, both of reviews and scientific literature in general, is briefly and selectively surveyed. Given the apparent usefulness of reviews and their high cost of production, there has been surprisingly little research into the uses made of reviews. A theoretical framework for future research in this area is proposed. Reviews appear to fulfill two interlocking roles: that of forming an integral part of the development of science (historical functions) and that of supplying individual workers with information about the current development of science and its literature (contemporary functions).
Networks for on‐line data base access
Authors: Williams Martha E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis tutorial paper discusses network sharing of resources‐hardware, software, communication, and data bases‐and reasons for using networks for on‐line data base searching. Uses of on‐line systems include retrospective searching, quick questions, current awareness, search strategy development, training, and bibliometric studies. The requirements for on‐line searching in terms of equipment, personnel, and development of search strategy are discussed as are the costs and advantages associated with such services.
A measure of class concentration in bibliometrics
Authors: Pratt Allan D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAn index of concentration for rank‐frequency distributions is proposed which permits comparison of subject and journal concentration in various fields. A mathematical model of random dispersion (the Whit‐worth distribution) of articles is suggested. Applications of the measure to several different aspects of bibliometrics are suggested. The measure holds some promise of providing a common measure by which to compare the large number of specific usage and citation studies already completed, and providing a point of departure for new ones.
Journal evaluation in a large research library
Authors: Wenger Charles B. , Childress Judith 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA six‐month journal evaluation study was conducted at the two NOAA libraries in Boulder, Colorado, from 28 October 1975 to 28 April 1976 to assist in subscription renewal activities, enhancement of collection relevance, and determination of efficient methodology.Data were collected from a use study, circulation and interlibrary loan statistics, a core list, local availability, questionnaire returns, subscription costs, and librarian and patron input.Results showed that (1) monitoring use for three months pulled 84% of the low‐use titles obtained in the six‐month study indicating that a three‐month study is sufficient; (2) considering the lower 31% of the collection in terms of six‐month useage, the same titles were pulled 92% of the time when using raw use versus use density data, indicating that use density data need not be obtained for determination of low value titles; (3) when two or more scientists (about 0.8% of scientists responding to a questionnaire) recommended a title, it appeared as a low‐use (two or fewer uses) title 5.5% of the time (13.7% of the time for one or more scientists) thus indicating the significance of scientists' recommendations; (4) a balance index for determination of collection balance was derived.
Growth dynamics of information search services
Authors: Lindquist Mats G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractComputer‐based information search services (ISSs) of the type that provide on‐line literature searches are analyzed from a system's viewpoint using a continuous simulation model. The analysis reveals that the observed growth and stagnation of a typical ISS can be explained as a natural consequence of market responses to the service together with a business orientation on part of the funder. The study also gives an analysis of managerial decision making for an ISS.
Publication ratings versus peer ratings of universities
Authors: Anderson Richard C. , Narin Francis , McAllister Paul 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper presents a quantitative comparison of peer versus bibliometric procedures for rating the quality of U.S. universities. The peer ratings used are the Roose‐Andersen rating of the quality of graduate faculty in 10 scientific fields. The bibliometric ratings used are (1) the number of university papers in each field; (2) the average “quality” of the papers based on their citation rates, expressed as influence per paper in each field; and (3) total influence, the product of number of papers and influence per paper. The bibliometric ratings are based on 127,000 university papers, from 450 journals in 10 fields for 1965 to 1973. Roose‐Andersen ranks and scores are found to correlate most highly with the total influence of the university's papers, followed closely by correlations with the total number of papers, and much less closely with the average influence per paper. A partial correlation and regression analysis indicate that the Roose‐Andersen scores have two additive components: bibliometric size and bibliometric quality. Further analysis explores the extent to which a university's prestige in one department correlates with the assessment of other departments within that university, and the extent to which the university's overall bibliometric size correlates with the assessment of departments within that university. It is shown that the ratings of departments within a university are not independent, and that these dependencies are associated with the bibliometric size of the university. University ranks and scores in different fields are shown to be much more highly correlated when based on peer assessment than when based on bibliometric measures.
Using the collection‐control model
Authors: Sinha Bani K. , Clelland Richard C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn replying to A. Sandison's comments [1] we must note that any model is to some degree a simplification of the real world. Through modeling, alternative approaches and solutions to problems can be studied without jeopardizing the operation of the real system. Time frames can be shortened, unimportant variables can be dropped, and boundary conditions can be determined.
When is a changed state not a changed state? When a theory of mechanics persists in the face of a theory of relativity
Authors: Baratz Stephen S. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA theoretical inconsistency in Whitehead's discussion of the effects of misinformation on knowledge is discussed. A suggestion for resolving this inconsistency is offered by means of reference to ethnomethodological concepts developed in work done to reconcile differences between Black and Standard English linguistic systems.
Highly cited old papers and the reasons why they continue to be cited
Authors: Oppenheim Charles , Renn Susan P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis article describes a study to ascertain the reasons why certain old papers are still highly cited many years after their publication. Twenty‐three old papers in the subject fields of physics and physical chemistry which are still highly cited were selected, and 978 of the papers that cited them in the period 1974–1975 were studied. A new typology of reasons for citing the papers was devised, and using this typology, it was found that about 40% of the citations were for historical reasons, but that in the remaining 60% of the cases, the old paper is still begin actively used. We discuss some discrepancies between our citation figures and citation figures quoted by Garfield. We also discuss a number of errors which were found, both in citing articles and in Science Citation Index. Finally, calculations indicate that there is a rule that each cited paper is referred to, on average, 1.05‐1.15 times in every paper that cites it, and that this rule has general validity.
Evidence of OCLC's potential for special libraries and technical information centers
Authors: Davis Charles H. , Dingle‐Cliff Susan 
Published: June 2007

AbstractSearches of the OCLC data base revealed that 65% of a Canadian special library's recent acquisitions had already been cataloged. This “find rate” compares favorably with statistics available from similar libraries in the United States, and suggests that technical information centers and special libraries throughout North America could benefit considerably from OCLC participation.
Building better SDI profiles for users of large, multidisciplinary data bases
Authors: Sprague Robert J. , Freudenreich L. Ben 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAn investigation was conducted for the purpose of improving the performance of SDI profiles in a large and complex data base that contains over a million references to the scientific and technical literature and one that uses full‐text indexing for retrieval purposes. Extensive use was made of the on‐line retrospective retrieval system to investigate how the retrieval logic and a certain number of the explicitly indexed terms could be used to make retrieval more effective. The items examined included COSATI subject codes; Universal Decimal Classification codes; patent classification codes; journal titles; synonyms; homographs; abbreviations; compound words; spelling variations, including British spellings, commonly misspelled words, and legitimate spelling variants; British terminology; foreign language words; and truncation. The number of relevant documents recalled by using this technique often can be greatly increased.
On‐line serials collection analysis
Authors: Koenig Michael E. D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA design for an on‐line serials decision‐making and collection analysis system is proposed. It is composed of four basic components: citation data, conventional serial records data, utility/cost ratio compilation and journal ranking techniques, and user interface software. The system would have the ability to respond specifically to user interest profiles and to integrate locally generated data. It is postulated that such a system is capable of satisfactorily resolving the major criticisms of the use of citation data for selection purposes: that libraries are diverse in their interests and that no aggregate list can be more than generally relevant; that the inclusion of cost data is essential and that citation ranking without regard to cost can be misleading; and that other relevant data should be considered as well.
Tutorial: Mathematical modeling of library systems
Authors: Rouse William B. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe purpose of mathematical models is discussed and the phases of the modeling process are reviewed. These phases include: defining performance, representing the problem, predicting performance, estimating parameters, defining an optimization criterion, determining the optimal solution, and implementing the results. A selected review of models applied to library problems is presented. Models for book use, resource allocation, and library networks are considered.