bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Price and Volume Behavior around the Ex‐dividend Day: Evidence on the Value of Dividends from American Depositary Receipts and their Underlying Australian Stocks*
Authors: JUN AELEE , ALAGANAR V. T. , PARTINGTON GRAHAM , STEVENSON MAX 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTAustralian residents are tax‐advantaged, relative to American investors, in their access to imputation tax credits on Australian stocks. This paper provides evidence consistent with a difference in dividend valuations between Australian stocks and their American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). The ex‐dividend drop‐off ratio is lower for ADRs relative to their underlying Australian stocks and this difference is most pronounced for stocks that have imputation tax credits and high dividend yields. Consistent with dividend capture trading in the Australian market, the difference in drop‐off ratios is driven by both temporarily higher Australian cum‐prices and temporarily lower Australian ex‐prices. Abnormal trading volume about the ex‐day is present in both markets and in the Australian market the abnormal volume is greater for dividends with imputation tax credits. Dividend‐related trading leads to price differences across the markets on the ex‐dividend day. Price differences are also observed when the stock and the ADR trade with different dividend entitlements due to different ex‐dividend dates.
Linkage Validation of RP25 Using the 10K GeneChip Array and Further Refinement of the Locus by New Linked Families
Authors: Barragán I. , Abd El‐Aziz M. M. , Borrego S. , El‐Ashry M. F. , O'Driscoll C. , Bhattacharya S. S. , Antiñolo G. 
Published: May 2008

SummaryRetinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies, characterised by rod photoreceptor cell degeneration with autosomal recessive RP (arRP) as the commonest form worldwide. To date, a total of 26 loci have been reported for arRP, each having a prevalence of 1–5%, except for the RP25 locus which was identified as the genetic cause of 14% of arRP cases in Spain. In order to validate the original linkage of RP25, we undertook a total genome scan using the 10K GeneChip mapping array on three of the previously linked families. The data obtained supported the initial findings of linkage. Additionally, linkage analysis in 18 newly ascertained arRP families was performed using microsatellite markers spanning the chromosome 6p12.1‐q15 interval. Five out of the 18 families showed suggestive evidence of linkage to RP25, hence supporting the high prevalence of this locus in the Spanish population. Furthermore, the finding of a crossover in one of these families is likely to have refined the disease interval from the original 16 cM to only a 2.67 cM region between D6S257 and D6S1557.
Production of the gaseous signal molecule hydrogen sulfide in mouse tissues
Authors: Linden David R. , Sha Lei , Mazzone Amelia , Stoltz Gary J. , Bernard Cheryl E. , Furne Julie K. , Levitt Michael D. , Farrugia Gianrico , Szurszewski Joseph H. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe gaseous molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been proposed as an endogenous signal molecule and neuromodulator in mammals. Using a newly developed method, we report here for the first time the ability of intact and living brain and colonic tissue in the mouse to generate and release H2S. This production occurs through the activity of two enzymes, cystathionine‐γ‐lyase and cystathionine‐β‐synthase. The quantitative expression of messenger RNA and protein localization for both enzymes are described in the liver, brain, and colon. Expression levels of the enzymes vary between tissues and are differentially distributed. The observation that, tissues that respond to exogenously applied H2S can endogenously generate the gas, strongly supports its role as an endogenous signal molecule.
Spenser's ‘goodly thought’: Heroides 15 and The Teares of the Muses
Authors: Harmer James 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTOvid's Heroides are engaged by Edmund Spenser's complaint poem The Teares of the Muses (published 1591). Spenser makes use of a shard of text from Heroides 15 (Sappho to Phaon) in an effort to represent the origins of self‐consciousness as revealed in the instant of poetic inspiration. At the centre of this representation of Spenser's is the existence of a voice inside the head out of which first emerges the thinking of new thoughts. The sixteenth‐century editorial recensions of the well known crux contained in the lines from Heroides 15 with which Spenser engages point to the frisson of such inner speech. Correspondingly, the dialectical quality of the Heroides as voices seeking responses is exploited by Spenser's intertextual poetics in his representation of the momentary fulfilment of a newly created thought. In the resulting display of the immanent origins of self‐consciousness, Spenser's Heroides enable his quest to reveal the present source from which a sense of self might develop across past and future; such a development being a major preoccupation of his poetic career.
‘Large complaints in little papers’: negotiating Ovidian genealogies of complaint in Drayton's Englands Heroicall Epistles
Authors: Thorne Alison 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACTTaking as its starting point Michael Drayton's reworking of a key Heroidean topos, the heroine's self‐conscious reflection on letter‐writing as an activity fraught with anxiety, this essay examines the cultural and literary factors that conspire to inhibit or facilitate the emergence of a distinctive feminine epistolary voice in Englands Heroicall Epistles. In particular, it seeks to explain how Drayton's female letter‐writers manage to negotiate the impediments to self‐expression they initially encounter and thus go on to articulate morally and politically incisive forms of complaint. It argues that the participation of Drayton's fictional writers in the authorial business of revising Ovid for an altered historical context plays a crucial role in supporting that process. This allows Drayton's heroines to recover a degree of textual authority through an independent critical engagement, by turns resistant and identificatory, with his Ovidian sources, including the Metamorphoses as well as the Heroides. A comparative analysis of the ways in which intertextual allusions to these sources are deployed by his male and female writers reveals them to be governed by a different dynamic and used for different ends. It is primarily by means of their complex, intersecting dialogues with their male correspondents and with the Ovidian models upon which they draw that Drayton's heroines are able to formulate a compelling counter‐perspective on the politics of love and history.
The Native Police of Queensland
Authors: Richards Jonathan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe European colonisation of Queensland largely depended on the armed and mounted men of the Native Police – a brutal force which killed many Indigenous people on the frontier. Detachments of mounted Aboriginal troopers led by European officers would surround Aboriginal camps and fire into them at dawn, killing men, women and children. The bodies were often burned to destroy the evidence.Jonathan Richards has spent many years researching this controversial and distressing subject, finding his way through the secrecy, misinformation and supposed ‘lost’ files. In this article, based on the first comprehensive study of the force's history in Queensland, he argues that the Native Police was a classic example of ‘divide and rule’ practices. This colonising tactic, successfully used by the British and other imperial powers, was approved by government and by most European settlers.
Mobilization, collection, and transplantation of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cells in a patient with multiple myeloma and hemoglobin SC disease
Authors: Tormey Christopher A. , Snyder Edward L. , Cooper Dennis L. 
Published: May 2008

BACKGROUND:The use of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) for mobilization, collection, and transplantation of autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in patients with hemoglobinopathies can be complicated by severe vasoocclusive crises. Erythrocytapheresis before G‐CSF administration may help prevent these complications. To date, no cases regarding the safety and outcome of erythrocytapheresis followed by autologous high‐dose G‐CSF mobilization in hemoglobinopathy populations have been reported.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:A patient with hemoglobin (Hb) SC disease and multiple myeloma underwent erythrocytapheresis followed by high‐dose (16 µg/kg) G‐CSF in preparation for HPC mobilization and collection.RESULTS:Erythrocytapheresis reduced the patient's combined Hb S and C levels to less than 20 percent. Subsequent HPC mobilization and peripheral blood harvesting using high‐dose G‐CSF yielded approximately 9 × 106CD34+ HPCs per kg over 3 days of collection. Mobilization and leukapheresis were completed without vasoocclusive complications. Two weeks after collection, and after myeloablative chemotherapy, 5.33 × 106CD34+ HPCs per kg were infused to the patient; platelet and white cell engraftment occurred, respectively, on Days +9 and +10 posttransplant. The patient experienced no vasoocclusive complications in the posttransplant period.CONCLUSIONS:The results of this case demonstrate that erythrocytapheresis before high‐dose G‐CSF HPC mobilization and collection appears to be an effective means for prevention of vasoocclusive crisis in patients with hemoglobinopathies undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.
Aberrant intracellular trafficking of a variant B glycosyltransferase
Authors: Seltsam Axel , Grüger Daniela , Just Burkhard , Figueiredo Constança , Gupta Christa Das , DeLuca David S. , Blasczyk Rainer 
Published: May 2008

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the mechanism by which amino acid polymorphisms outside the catalytically active cleft of ABO glycosyltransferases cause weak ABO phenotypes.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Extensive ABO phenotyping and genotyping were performed to classify the blood of a healthy blood group O donor with weak isoagglutinins. ABO antigen and glycosyltransferase expression profiles were then studied in eukaryotic transfection experiments, and the topology of ABO glycosyltransferase was analyzed.RESULTS: The donor's red blood cells were retyped as Aweak, and his serum contained weakly reactive anti‐A and anti‐B. Sequence analysis revealed two novel ABO alleles. A donor splice‐site mutation detected at the exon 6/intron 6 junction of an ABO*A101 allele was predicted to result in skipping exon 6 in the mRNA. The other haplotype displayed a single 688G>C substitution predicting a Gly230Arg exchange in the catalytic domain in an otherwise normal ABO*B101 allele. The transfection studies revealed very weak expression of B antigen by the novel ABO*B allele. According to the topologic analysis, steric hindrance due to the Gly230Arg exchange may cause conformational changes in the variant B transferase. Compared to the wild‐type B transferase, the transfected cells exhibited lower‐level protein expression and intracellular dislocation.CONCLUSION: This study provides first evidence that aberrant trafficking of variant ABO transferases may be involved in the formation of weak ABO phenotypes.
Human serum amyloid A (SAA) and high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) in preterm newborn infants with nosocomial infections
Authors: Lannergård A , Larsson A , Friman G , Ewald U 
Published: May 2008

AbstractHuman serum amyloid A (SAA) and high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) and their relation to suggestive nosocomial infections (NIs) were investigated in very preterm (VPT) newborn infants.In a retrospective analysis, information of suggestive NI was matched to levels of SAA and hsCRP in 224 serum samples from 72 VPT newborn infants. As a control group, 35 healthy‐term newborn infants were chosen. Of the 224 serum samples, 145 samples were not associated with nosocomial infections. However, 79 were associated with NI: of these 79, 42 were found to be culture‐proven NI. Trimmed mean (α= 0.05) levels for SAA and hsCRP in VPT newborn infants were higher than in control term newborn infants (1.74, 2.67 mg/L vs. 0.78, 0.16 mg/L; p = 0.01 and <0.0001, respectively), and higher in the NI group than in the non‐NI group (5.14, 5.74 mg/L vs. 1.03, 1.18; p < 0.01 and <0.0001; respectively). The areas under the curve (AUC) for hsCRP, calculated from the receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curves, was greater (0.816; 95% CI 0.759–0.864) than for SAA (0.610; 95% CI 0.543–0.675).Conclusion: Identifying and monitoring of bacterial and fungal infections in VPT might be further improved by the use of SAA and hsCRP.
Multidimensional measure for gastroesophageal reflux disease (MM‐GERD) symptoms in children: a population‐based study
Authors: Malaty Hoda M , O’Malley Kimberly J , Abudayyeh Suhaib , Graham David Y , Gilger Mark A 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackground: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms are very common in children with major presenting symptoms of abdominal pain, heartburn and regurgitation. The presence of GERD symptoms often result in an impaired health‐related quality of life for both the patients and their parents. Evaluation of children with GERD symptoms continues to challenge physicians due to the lack of a validated measure for GERD symptoms.Aims: To develop and test a multidimensional measure for GERD symptoms in children and to evaluate the responses of the measure among children attending pediatric gastroenterology (GI) clinics.Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional study that enrolled children with GERD symptoms from pediatric GI clinic. All children and parents received a standardized questionnaire concerning socio‐economic parameters, GERD symptoms, duration, frequency, intensity and missed activities due to GERD symptoms. Each child and parent pair was interviewed by a physician to complete baseline information for the multidimensional measure that consisted of four scales: symptoms scale (10 items), pain intensity scale (3 items); disability scale (3 items) and satisfaction scale (2 items).Results: One hundred and thirty‐three children participated in the study; 59% girls, ages 4 to 18 years, mean age = 10 ± 3, 50%, 10 years and younger. There was an excellent correlation between the four‐scales measure among children 7 years and younger (R = 0.70, p = 0.0001) and children >7 years (R = 0.74, p = 0.0001). The inter‐item consistency (Cronbach's co‐efficient alpha) for the symptoms items, pain intensity items, disability items and satisfaction items were 0.71, 0.74, 0.78 and 0.60, respectively, demonstrating adequate reliability of the measure.Conclusion: Children with GERD symptoms have good responses to the multidimensional measure for GERD symptoms, showing that the measure performed well across populations. The measure is reliable and specific for assessing the symptoms of GERD in children and is an appropriate outcomes measure for clinical trials involving GERD symptoms in children.
Seat Belt Laws: Why We Should Keep Them
Authors: Allsop Richard , Carsten Oliver , Evans Andrew , Gifford Robert 
Published: May 2008

Abstract
In the June 2007 issue of Significance, John Adams argued for the repeal of seat belt laws. They have never been demonstrated to save lives, he said; and they increase the number of pedestrians and cyclists killed on the roads. Richard Allsop, Oliver Carsten, Andrew Evans and Robert Gifford argue that Parliament should keep the seat belt laws on the statute book and that we should all keep wearing belts whenever we travel in a car, van or coach—and they contest John's statistics.
The Sustainable Suburban High Street: A Review of Themes and Approaches
Authors: Griffiths Sam , Vaughan Laura , Haklay Mordechai (Muki) , Emma Jones Catherine 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWhether suburbs are regarded as a distinctive feature of the contemporary urban landscape or as symptomatic of ‘sprawl’ the recent upsurge of scholarly interest in suburbia has done little to displace the dominant image of the suburb as a primarily residential phenomenon. In a wide ranging survey of the academic literature, taking account of current developments in the policy debate relating to suburban regeneration and also drawing on research conducted by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council's Towards Successful Suburban Town Centres project at University College London, this article argues for an approach to the suburbs that emphasises their importance as historical centres of diverse social and economic activity. The focus is on the ‘typical’ British suburban high street, regarded as a complex and dynamic socio‐spatial entity facing particular challenges to its vitality and viability in the light of ongoing socio‐economic change. It is suggested that an improved understanding of the relation between suburban society and the built form of suburban centres over time would lead to a fuller appreciation of the actual and potential contribution of the local high street to achieving sustainable built environments.
Gq‐coupled Rhodopsin Subfamily Composed of Invertebrate Visual Pigment and Melanopsin†
Authors: Koyanagi Mitsumasa , Terakita Akihisa 
Published: May 2008

Abstract Rhodopsins (rhodopsins and their related photopigments) are phylogenetically classified into at least seven subfamilies, which are also roughly discriminated by molecular function. The Gq‐coupled rhodopsin subfamily, members of which activate the Gq type G protein upon light absorption, contains pigments which underlie both visual and nonvisual physiologic functions. Gq‐coupled visual pigments have been found in the rhabdomeric photoreceptor cells of varied protostomes, and those of molluskans and arthropods have been extensively investigated. Recently, a novel photopigment, melanopsin, and its homologs have been identified in varied vertebrates. In mammals, melanopsin is localized in retinal ganglion cells and is involved in nonvisual systems, including circadian entrainment and pupillary light responses. More recently, we discovered a melanopsin homolog in amphioxus, the closest living invertebrate to vertebrates. Amphioxus melanopsin is localized in putative nonvisual photoreceptor cells with rhabdomeric morphology and exhibits molecular properties almost identical to those of invertebrate Gq‐coupled visual pigments. The localization and properties of amphioxus melanopsin bridged the functional and evolutionary gap between invertebrate Gq‐coupled visual pigments and vertebrate circadian photopigment melanopsins. Research into the Gq‐coupled rhodopsin subfamily, especially invertebrate melanopsins, will provide an opportunity to investigate the evolution of various physiologic functions, based on orthologous genes, during animal evolution.
Solar and Supplemental UV‐B Radiation Effects in Lemon Peel UV‐B‐absorbing Compound Content—Seasonal Variations
Authors: Hilal Mirna , Rodríguez‐Montelongo Luisa , Rosa Mariana , Gallardo Miriam , González Juan A. , Interdonato Roque , Rapisarda Viviana A. , Prado Fernando E. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractEffects of solar and supplemental UV‐B radiation on UV‐B‐absorbing compounds and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulations in the peel of lemons collected in summer and winter were analyzed. UV‐B‐absorbing compounds were higher in flavedo than in albedo tissue in both seasons; however, the highest values were observed in summer. These compounds were also higher in outer than in inner flavedo surface. Lemons were categorized as sun‐, semisun‐ and shaded‐lemon according to localization inside the tree canopy. Depending on‐tree localization UV‐B‐absorbing compounds were higher in flavedo of sun‐lemon than in semisun‐ and shaded‐lemon. Supplementary UV‐B radiation (22 kJ m−2 day−1 UV‐BBE) induced UV‐B‐absorbing compound synthesis in on‐tree and postharvest lemons. Two minutes of supplemental UV‐B irradiation in summer lemons produced a strong increment (300%) of UV‐B‐absorbing compound content, whereas in winter lemons a slight increase (30%) was observed only after 3 min of irradiation. By contrast, UV‐B‐absorbing compound accumulation was not observed in albedo. MDA accumulation showed approximately a similar trend of UV‐B‐absorbing compounds. According to our results, solar UV‐B was not required for UV‐B‐absorbing compound accumulation in lemon peel. Relationships between UV‐B‐absorbing compounds, MDA, reactive oxygen species and pathogen protection are also discussed.
Sunbed Radiation Provokes Cutaneous Vitamin D Synthesis in Humans—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Thieden Elisabeth , Jørgensen Henrik L. , Jørgensen Niklas Rye , Philipsen Peter A. , Wulf Hans Christian 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWe wanted to investigate whether the use of sunbeds with sunlamps emitting mainly UVA and only 0.5% or 1.4% UVB will increase the level of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). In a randomized, controlled, open study on healthy, Caucasian females (>50 years) sunbed radiation was given as follows: four 6‐min sunbed sessions (days 0, 2, 4 and 7) and four 12‐min sunbed sessions (days 9, 11, 14 and 16 ) with sunlamps emitting 0.5% UVB (n = 20) or with sunlamps emitting 1.4% UVB (n = 15). The controls (n = 21) had no intervention. Serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured on days 0, 9 and 18 in all three groups. The average increase in serum 25(OH)D from day 0 to day 9 was 12 nmol L−1 (SD 11 nmol L−1, P = 0.0002) in the 0.5% UVB group and 27 nmol L−1 (SD 9 nmol L−1, P < 0.0001) in the 1.4% UVB group. From day 9 to day 18 a further but not significant increase in serum 25(OH)D of 3 nmol L−1 (SD 9 nmol L−1, P = 0.2) in the 0.5% UVB group and 0.6 nmol L−1 (SD 18 nmol L−1, P = 0.9) in the 1.4% UVB group was seen. No significant changes were found in the control group. Increasing with UVB dose and exposure time, 37–64% of the sunbed sessions resulted in side effects such as erythema or polymorphic light eruption. The results showed that sunbeds emitting 0.5% and 1.4% UVB increased 25(OH)D serum levels. The increases were dose dependent but reached a plateau after few sessions. Sunbed use as vitamin D source is, however, not generally recommendable due to the well‐known carcinogenicity and high frequency of acute side effects.
A TiO2/CNT Coaxial Structure and Standing CNT Array Laminated Photocatalyst to Enhance the Photolysis Efficiency of TiO2
Authors: Wang Gou‐Jen , Lee Ming‐Way , Chen Yi‐Hong 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study a TiO2/CNT coaxial structure and standing CNT array laminated photocatalyst to enhance the photolysis efficiency of TiO2 is presented. An electrochemical bath that used a nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide membrane as the separation grating to separate two vessels with a transmembrane concentration gradient was constructed. The catalyzed photolysis efficiency was measured in terms of the photolysis‐induced ion current. The experimental results demonstrate that the photolysis efficiency of TiO2 could be increased by the high electron conductibility of the standing CNT array. The experimental results also indicate that photolysis efficiency could be enhanced by increasing the height of the standing CNT array substrate; however, it degraded as the thickness of the TiO2/CNT coaxial structure and the TiO2 shell increased.
Comparison of Three Commercial Immunoassays for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Antibodies in Commercial Sex Workers in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Ngo Thoai D. , Laeyendecker Oliver , Morrow Rhoda Ashley , Lai Shenghan , Quinn Thomas C. 
Published: May 2008

ABSTRACT
Five hundred commercial sex workers in China were tested for herpes simplex virus type 2 by three immunoassays and Western blotting. Sensitivities for the Focus, Kalon, and Biokit assays were 86.7%, 82.3%, and 34.9%, respectively, and specificities were 91.8%, 94.2%, and 60.1%, respectively. The Focus assay performed optimally at an index of 1.5 (95.2% sensitivity and 93.4% specificity), and the Kalon assay performed optimally at an index of 1.2 (93.3% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity).