bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active video games for improving health-related physical fitness in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Nuannuan , Soh Kim Geok , Abdullah Borhannudin Bin , Tan Hermione , Huang Dandan 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe global population is experiencing a rapid rise in the quantity and percentage of older people. In an effort to enhance physical activity among older adults, active video games (AVGs) are being suggested as a compelling alternative and are currently under scrutiny to evaluate their efficacy in promoting the health of older people.ObjectiveThis review aims to synthesize current studies and formulate conclusions regarding the impact of AVGs on the health-related physical fitness of older adults.MethodsSeven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched from inception to January 21, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials examining the effect of AVGs compared to control conditions on health-related physical fitness outcomes in older adults. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedge’s g) between experimental and control groups.ResultsThe analysis included 24 trials with a total of 1428 older adults (all ≥ 60 years old). Compared to controls, AVGs produced significant increases in muscular strength (moderate ES = 0.64–0.68, p &lt; 0.05) and cardiorespiratory fitness (moderate ES = 0.79, p &lt; 0.001). However, no significant effects were found for body composition (trivial ES = 0.12–0.14; p &gt; 0.05) and flexibility (trivial ES = 0.08; p = 0.677). The beneficial effects of AVGs were greater after a duration of ≥ 12 vs. &lt; 12 weeks (cardiorespiratory fitness; ES = 1.04 vs. 0.29, p = 0.028) and following ≥ 60 minutes vs. &lt; 60 minutes of session duration (muscular strength; ES = 1.20–1.24 vs. 0.27–0.42, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAVGs appear to be an effective tool for enhancing muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, although their impact on improving body composition and flexibility seems limited. Optimal improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a longer duration of AVGs (≥ 12 weeks). Moreover, a session duration of ≥ 60 minutes may provide greater benefits for the muscular strength of older adults.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=482568, identifier CRD42023482568.
A 12-week multicomponent exercise program enhances frailty by increasing robustness, improves physical performance, and preserves muscle mass in older adults with HIV: MOVIhNG study
Authors: Brañas Fátima , Díaz-Álvarez Jorge , Fernández-Luna Jesús , Vásquez-Brolen Brian D. , García-Molina Rafael , Moreno Elena , Ryan Pablo , Martínez-Sanz Javier , Luna Laura , Martínez Marta , Dronda Fernando , Sánchez-Conde Matilde 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundOur aim was to analyze the effects of a multicomponent exercise program (MEP) on frailty and physical performance in older adults with HIV (OAWH) since exercise can reverse frailty in the older population overall, but there is no data for OAWH.MethodsA prospective longitudinal study with intervention and control group was designed. Sedentary adults 50 or over with and without HIV were included. The intervention was a 12-week home-based MEP. Dependent variables were frailty (frailty phenotype), physical performance (Senior Fitness Test), muscle mass (ASMI) by bioimpedance. Pre- and postintervention measurements were analyzed using McNemar’s test for categorical variables and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for quantitative variables.Results40 OAWH and 20 OA without HIV. The median age was 56.5 years. 23.3% were women. The prevalence of frailty was 6.6% with no frail HIV-negative participants. Three of the four frail HIV-participants transitioned two (50%) from frail to prefrail and one (25%) to robust after the MEP. In participants with an adherence ≥50%, physical performance was significantly improved [basal vs. 12 week]: upper extremity strength [13 (13–15) vs. 16 (15–19), p = 0.0001], lower extremity strength [13 (11–16) vs. 15 (13–16), p = 0.004], aerobic endurance [62 (55–71) vs. 66 (58–80), p = 0.005]. Participants with low adherence experienced a significant worsening in ASMI [8.35 (7.44–9.26) vs. 7.09 (6.08–8.62), p = 0.03].ConclusionA 12-week MEP enhances frailty by increasing robustness in OAWH, and improves physical performance, and preserves muscle mass in older adults with good adherence to the MEP independently of HIV status.Clinical trial number: NCT 05435521
Decoding emotional resilience in aging: unveiling the interplay between daily functioning and emotional health
Authors: Guo Minhua , Xu Songyang , He Xiaofang , He Jiawei , Yang Hui , Zhang Lin 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundEPs pose significant challenges to individual health and quality of life, attracting attention in public health as a risk factor for diminished quality of life and healthy life expectancy in middle-aged and older adult populations. Therefore, in the context of global aging, meticulous exploration of the factors behind emotional issues becomes paramount. Whether ADL can serve as a potential marker for EPs remains unclear. This study aims to provide new evidence for ADL as an early predictor of EPs through statistical analysis and validation using machine learning algorithms.MethodsData from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) national baseline survey, comprising 9,766 samples aged 45 and above, were utilized. ADL was assessed using the BI, while the presence of EPs was evaluated based on the record of “Diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” in CHARLS data. Statistical analyses including independent samples t-test, chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR), were implemented using Python 3.10.2.ResultsPopulation demographic analysis revealed a significantly lower average BI score of 65.044 in the “Diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” group compared to 85.128 in the “Not diagnosed with Emotional Problems by a Doctor” group. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between ADL and EPs (r = −0.165, p &lt; 0.001). Iterative analysis using stratified multiple linear regression across three different models demonstrated the persistent statistical significance of the negative correlation between ADL and EPs (B = −0.002, β = −0.186, t = −16.476, 95% CI = −0.002, −0.001, p = 0.000), confirming its stability. Machine learning algorithms validated our findings from statistical analysis, confirming the predictive accuracy of ADL for EPs. The area under the curve (AUC) for the three models were SVM-AUC = 0.700, DT-AUC = 0.742, and LR-AUC = 0.711. In experiments using other covariates and other covariates + BI, the overall prediction level of machine learning algorithms improved after adding BI, emphasizing the positive effect of ADL on EPs prediction.ConclusionThis study, employing various statistical methods, identified a negative correlation between ADL and EPs, with machine learning algorithms confirming this finding. Impaired ADL increases susceptibility to EPs.
Employment Status Following Heart Transplantation: Data From the Danish Nationwide Social Service Payment Register During 20 years
Authors: Mols Rikke Elmose , Løgstrup Brian Bridal , Bakos István , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Gustafsson Finn , Eiskjær Hans 
Published: April 2024

Most studies on vocational rehabilitation after heart transplantation (HTX) are based on self-reported data. Danish registries include weekly longitudinal information on all public transfer payments. We intended to describe 20-year trends in employment status for the Danish heart-transplant recipients, and examine the influence of multimorbidity and socioeconomic position (SEP). Linking registry and Scandiatransplant data (1994–2018), we conducted a study in recipients of working age (19–63 years). The cohort contained 492 recipients (79% males) and the median (IQR) age was 52 years (43–57 years). Five years after HTX, 30% of the survived recipients participated on the labor market; 9% were in a flexible job with reduced health-related working capacity. Moreover, 60% were retired and 10% eligible for labor market participation were unemployed. Recipients with multimorbidity had a higher age and a lower prevalence of employment. Five years after HTX, characteristics of recipients with labor market participation were: living alone (27%) versus cohabitation (73%); low (36%) versus medium-high (64%) educational level; low (13%) or medium-high (87%) income group. Heart-transplant recipients with multimorbidity have a higher age and a lower prevalence of employment. Socioeconomically disadvantaged recipients had a lower prevalence of labor market participation, despite being younger compared with the socioeconomically advantaged.
Antimicrobial, Probiotic, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Cannabis sativa Extract and Delivery Systems
Authors: Stasiłowicz-Krzemień Anna , Szymanowska Daria , Szulc Piotr , Cielecka-Piontek Judyta 
Published: April 2024

The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and the synergy of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the Henola Cannabis sativae extract and its combinations with selected carriers (polyvinyl caprolactam–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) in terms of antimicrobial, probiotic, and immunobiological effects. As a result of the conducted research, the antimicrobial activity of the extract was confirmed in relation to the following microorganisms: Clostridium difficile, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyrogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aereuginosa, and Candida albicans (microorganism count was reduced from ~102 CFU mL−1 to <10 CFU mL−1 in most cases). Additionally, for the system with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a significant probiotic potential against bacterial strains was established for strains Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Streptococcus thermophilus (microorganism count was increased from ~102 to 104–107). In terms of immunomodulatory properties, it was determined that the tested extract and the systems caused changes in IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels.
Bond Rearrangement Produces Oxygen from Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Kumar Kamal , Mukherjee Jibak , Singh Harpreet , Misra Deepankar 
Published: April 2024

We present a direct observation where fragmentation of the CO22+ dication, upon highly charged ion impact, leads to the formation of molecular oxygen. We assert that molecular bending and bond stretching modes of the dication represent the underlying mechanisms driving the generation of O2+. We conducted ab initio quantum chemistry calculations for the electronic state of the dication and found that the 5A1 state is responsible for the bond-rearrangement reaction. The branching ratios of this channel for multiple projectile beams of varying charge and velocity have been reported and are found to be independent of the projectile’s charge and velocity.
Unsteady Subsonic/Supersonic Flow Simulations in 3D Unstructured Grids over an Acoustic Cavity
Authors: Araya Guillermo 
Published: April 2024

In this study, the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations are employed in conjunction with the Menter Shear Stress Transport (SST)-Scale-Adaptive Simulation (SAS) turbulence model in compressible flow, with an unstructured mesh and complex geometry. While other scale-resolving approaches in space and time, such as direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES), supply more comprehensive information about the turbulent energy spectrum of the fluctuating component of the flow, they imply computationally intensive situations, usually performed over structured meshes and relatively simple geometries. In contrast, the SAS approach is designed according to “physically” prescribed length scales of the flow. More precisely, it operates by locally comparing the length scale of the modeled turbulence to the von Karman length scale (which depends on the local first- and second fluid velocity derivatives). This length-scale ratio allows the flow to dynamically adjust the local eddy viscosity in order to better capture the large-scale motions (LSMs) in unsteady regions of URANS simulations. While SAS may be constrained to model only low flow frequencies or wavenumbers (i.e., LSM), its versatility and low computational cost make it attractive for obtaining a quick first insight of the flow physics, particularly in those situations dominated by strong flow unsteadiness. The selected numerical application is the well-known M219 three-dimensional rectangular acoustic cavity from the literature at two different free-stream Mach numbers, M∞ (0.85 and 1.35) and a length-to-depth ratio of 5:1. Thus, we consider the “deep configuration” in experiments by Henshaw. The SST-SAS model demonstrates a satisfactory compromise between simplicity, accuracy, and flow physics description.
Contravariant Curvatures of Doubly Warped Product Poisson Manifolds
Authors: Aloui Foued , Hui Shyamal Kumar , Al-Dayel Ibrahim 
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we investigate the sectional contravariant curvature of a doubly warped product manifold ( fB×bF,g˜,Π=ΠB+ΠF) equipped with a product Poisson structure Π, using warping functions and sectional curvatures of its factor manifolds (B,g˜B,ΠB) and (F,g˜F,ΠF). Qualar and null sectional contravariant curvatures of ( fB×bF,g˜,Π) are also given. As an example, we construct a four-dimensional Lorentzian doubly warped product Poisson manifold where qualar and sectional curvatures are obtained.
MinION Sequencing of Fungi in Sub-Saharan African Air and a Novel LAMP Assay for Rapid Detection of the Tropical Phytopathogenic Genus Lasiodiplodia
Authors: King Kevin M. , Canning Gail G. M. , West Jonathan S. 
Published: April 2024

To date, there have been no DNA-based metabarcoding studies into airborne fungi in tropical Sub-Saharan Africa. In this initial study, 10 air samples were collected onto Vaseline-coated acrylic rods mounted on drones flown at heights of 15–50 meters above ground for 10–15 min at three sites in Ghana. Purified DNA was extracted from air samples, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using fungal-specific primers, and MinION third-generation amplicon sequencing was undertaken with downstream bioinformatics analyses utilizing GAIA cloud-based software (at genus taxonomic level). Principal coordinate analyses based on Bray–Curtis beta diversity dissimilarity values found no clear evidence for the structuring of fungal air communities, nor were there significant differences in alpha diversity, based on geographic location (east vs. central Ghana), underlying vegetation type (cocoa vs. non-cocoa), or height above ground level (15–23 m vs. 25–50 m), and despite the short flight times (10–15 min), ~90 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in each sample. In Ghanaian air, fungal assemblages were skewed at the phylum taxonomic level towards the ascomycetes (53.7%) as opposed to basidiomycetes (24.6%); at the class level, the Dothideomycetes were predominant (29.8%) followed by the Agaricomycetes (21.8%). The most common fungal genus in Ghanaian air was cosmopolitan and globally ubiquitous Cladosporium (9.9% of reads). Interestingly, many fungal genera containing economically important phytopathogens of tropical crops were also identified in Ghanaian air, including Corynespora, Fusarium, and Lasiodiplodia. Consequently, a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, based on translation elongation factor-1α sequences, was developed and tested for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the fungal phytopathogenic genus Lasiodiplodia. Potential applications for improved tropical disease management are considered.
KARTU TUMBUH KEMBANG GIGI (KKGA) AS AN INNOVATION TO MONITOR CHILDREN'S TOOTH GROWTH AT POSYANDU GEDAWANG
Authors: Utami Wahyu Jati Dyah , Sukini Sukini , Sugiharto Puput , Wahyuningtyas Miranda Gita 
Published: April 2024

Background: The development of a child is normal or not, can be known by periodic and continuous examination and monitoring. Early detection of growth and development deviations needs to be needed to be able to detect early growth and development deviations. Research aims: Produce Teething Cards and their effective analysis of tooth growth monitoring. Teeth growth has an important role in coordinating facial growth and providing sufficient occlusion support so that the masticatory system is not disturbed, therefore the growth and development of dental health also affect children's growth and development. Research methods: Research and Development (R&D). The population of this research is all posyandu parents of toddlers. The sample in this study was parents of toddlers at the Posyandu, Gedawang Banyumanik Village, sampling used total sampling technique as many as 25 respondents. The results of the Friedman test above showed a significant average difference (p < 0.001), in knowledge before and after being given the Kartu Tumbuh Kembang Gigi . The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in the variables of knowledge of teething, dental care, and early detection at the measurement 1 st month after the intervention on the pretest (p<0.05), there was a difference in the measurement after 2 month sof intervention on the pretest (p<0.05). From the results of this study, it was found that Kartu Tumbuh Kembang Gigi Anak (KKGA) is effective as a medium for monitoring children's tooth growth at the Gedawang Village
Spatialized Race and Sense of Belonging: Experiences of Black Students in Study Abroad
Authors: Fine Cherese F. , Black Reed Katrina , Duffy Lauren N. , Adelson Laetitia K. , Combs Jason , Stewart-Tillman Kendra 
Published: April 2024

Using a case study approach, this study examined the role that spatialized notions of race and sense of belonging had on 10 Black students from a predominantly White institution, in a diasporic study abroad experience in Cuba. In particular, this study explored how race was situated in the study abroad program (space) and in Cuba (place) and how it impacted Black students’ sense of belonging. Findings indicated the location and content of the study abroad experience, along with the group makeup of the trip, created a positive sense of belonging for Black students. Specifically, the themes that emerged include, Racialized Spaces: Connection to Blackness in the Program and Racialized Places: Connection to Blackness in the Destination. This study supports the importance of designing intentional programs that can build community and sense of belonging for Black students abroad.

Abstract in Spanish
Utilizando un enfoque de estudio de caso, este estudio examinó el papel que las nociones espacializadas de raza y sentido de pertenencia tuvieron en 10 estudiantes negros de una institución predominantemente blanca, en una experiencia de estudio diaspórico en el extranjero en Cuba. En particular, este estudio exploró cómo se situaba la raza en el programa de estudios en el extranjero (espacio) y en Cuba (lugar) y cómo impactaba el sentido de pertenencia de los estudiantes negros. Los hallazgos indicaron que la ubicación y el contenido de la experiencia de estudiar en el extranjero, junto con la composición del grupo del viaje, crearon un sentido positivo de pertenencia para los estudiantes negros. Específicamente, los temas que surgieron incluyen Espacios racializados: conexión con la negritud en el programa y Lugares racializados: conexión con la negritud en el destino. Este estudio respalda la importancia de diseñar programas intencionales que puedan construir una comunidad y un sentido de pertenencia para los estudiantes negros en el extranjero.
Strategy for improving sugar palm agroindustry institutions in South Tapanuli
Authors: Pulungan Sutan , Harahap Angelia Utari , Aswan Novita , Nasution Zakiyah 
Published: April 2024

One of the palm oil derivative products that has the potential to grow in southern Tapanuli was the processing of sap or brown sugar which has been produced by palm trees through rural industrialization using palm sugar processing technology. In developing palm oil farming in South Tapanuli, it was important to prepare institutions through science and technology with structural equation models. The objective of this research was to develop an agro-industry development strategy to improve the institution of palm trees. This research was observation respondents totaling 112 brown sugar producers. The result was to produce a statement through the perceptions of sugar palm farmers in Tapanuli, that sugar palm farmers in Tapanuli support the role of women in managing palm agro-industry institutions and agree that women will be able to take a role in resolving conflicts in sugar palm agro-industry institutions. Sugar palm farmers in Tapsel agree that there will be many differences of opinion from people who will manage the sugar palm agro-industry and differences of opinion will affect the existence of the sugar palm agro-industry in Tapanuli Selatan.
Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) in the wild: Remote heart rate imaging via online webcams
Authors: Di Lernia Daniele , Finotti Gianluca , Tsakiris Manos , Riva Giuseppe , Naber Marnix 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRemote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a low-cost technique to measure physiological parameters such as heart rate by analyzing videos of a person. There has been growing attention to this technique due to the increased possibilities and demand for running psychological experiments on online platforms. Technological advancements in commercially available cameras and video processing algorithms have led to significant progress in this field. However, despite these advancements, past research indicates that suboptimal video recording conditions can severely compromise the accuracy of rPPG. In this study, we aimed to develop an open-source rPPG methodology and test its performance on videos collected via an online platform, without control of the hardware of the participants and the contextual variables, such as illumination, distance, and motion. Across two experiments, we compared the results of the rPPG extraction methodology to a validated dataset used for rPPG testing. Furthermore, we then collected 231 online video recordings and compared the results of the rPPG extraction to finger pulse oximeter data acquired with a validated mobile heart rate application. Results indicated that the rPPG algorithm was highly accurate, showing a significant degree of convergence with both datasets thus providing an improved tool for recording and analyzing heart rate in online experiments.