bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PeriodGene ofBactrocera cucurbitae(Diptera: Tephritidae) Among Strains with Different Mating Times and Sterile Insect Technique
Authors: Matsumoto Akira , Ohta Yui , Itoh Taichi Q , Sanada-Morimura Sachiyo , Matsuyama Takashi , Fuchikawa Taro , Tanimura Teiichi , Miyatake Takahisa 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe efficacy of sterile insect technique (SIT) depends on successful mating of released males with wild females. If the time of mating in a day of mass-reared and released males differs from those of wild females, the efficiency of SIT decreases. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling mating time of the target pests is particularly important for SIT. The period (per) gene, which has been considered as a key clock gene controlling the mating time of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was cloned from two strains having different times of mating during the day. DNA sites varied in the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions and at synonymous sites, although protein sequences were identical. We also provide phylogenetic relationships among PER protein sequences of dipteran species including several tephritid pest species. The functional domains of PER in the melon fly are very similar to those in other tephritid species. A luciferase reporter assay showed that the melon fly PER can functionally complement that of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen). The results implicate that the major genetic cause of the difference in circadian periods, and thus in reproductive isolation, is probably one or more other clock gene(s). Thus, the series of studies may provide a novel factor concerning genetic quality control of mass-reared insect pests for SIT, which depends on successful mating of released males and wild females.
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Bristletail Pedetontus silvestrii (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) and an Examination of Mitochondrial Gene Variability within Four Bristletails
Authors: Zhang Jia-Yong , Song Da-Xiang , Zhou Kai-Ya 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The entire mitochondrial genome of the bristletail Pedetontus silvestrii (Mendes) (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) was sequenced. The genome is 15,879 bp and bears the standard set of genes common to all arthropods. Genome features like nucleotide composition and codon use are compared with three other bristletails. The gene trnQ was inverted compared with the order in other hexapods. The major noncoding region (the A+T-rich region or control region) between the small ribosomal subunit (rrnS) and the trnI gene includes one extensive repeat region, which has two tandem repeats of a 128-bp sequence. A+T content is higher than in other known species of Archaeognatha and Zygentoma but is similar to that in Collembola and Pterygota.
Molecular and Morphometrical Revision of theZaprionus tuberculatusSpecies Subgroup (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Descriptions of Two Cryptic Species
Authors: Yassin Amir 
Published: November 2008

AbstractZaprionus is an important drosophilid genus in the Afrotropical region. Here, two new species, Z. burlai n. sp. and Z. tsacasi n. sp., are described from Tanzania and São Tomé, respectively. The two species show incomplete reproductive isolation with Z. tuberculatus Malloch and Z. sepsoides Duda, respectively, with intercrosses producing fertile females but sterile males. The latter two have long been considered sibling species and together with three other species (Z. mascariensis Tsacas & David, Z. kolodkinae Chassagnard & Tsacas, and Z. verruca Chassagnard & McEvey) form the tuberculatus subgroup. The phylogenetic relationships of these seven species of the subgroup were revised in light of mitochondrial (COII) gene sequences and wing morphometrics. Mitochondrial DNA firmly distinguished most of the species, except for a triad of Z. tuberculatus, Z. verruca, and Z. burlai. Wing morphometrics was able to distinguish between closely related species and also indicated the altitudinal origin of each species. Most species can be identified through internal anatomy of the reproductive system (testis and seminal receptacle lengths), and the discovery of the new species with incomplete reproductive isolation may help in understanding the genetic basis of this variation through interspecific hybridization. The molecular phylogeny reconfirmed the Malagasy origin of the subgroup during the Late Pliocene. Colonization of Africa probably involved two independent events during the Pleistocene.
Molecular Design of Superabsorbent Polymers for Organic Solvents by Crosslinked Lipophilic Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Ono Toshikazu , Sugimoto Takahiro , Shinkai Seiji , Sada Kazuki 
Published: November 2008

AbstractMolecular design of lipophilic polyelectrolyte gels as superabsorbent polymers that exhibit a high degree of swelling in less‐polar and nonpolar organic solvents is demonstrated. A small amount of tetraalkylammonium tetraphenylborate with long alkyl chains as a lipopholic ion pair is incorporated into crosslinked polyacrylates with variable alkyl chain lengths to provide novel lipophilic polyelectrolyte gels. Their swelling degree becomes more than 100 times as much as their dried weights in various organic solvents. The high effectiveness of the swellable solvents shifts to the polar ones by decreasing the length of the alkyl chain. Swelling or collapsing of the lipophilic polyelectrolyte gels originates from both incompatibility of the polymer chains in the media and dissociation of ionic groups. Thus, a unique superabsorbency is observed when the polymer chains have good compatibility with the solvents and the solvents have relatively high polarities enough to dissociate the ionic groups. By varying the polarity of the neutral monomer in these polyelectrolyte gels, the design of gels that can absorb solvents of nearly any polarity is demonstrated.
New data on the late Neandertals: Direct dating of the Belgian Spy fossils
Authors: Semal Patrick , Rougier Hélène , Crevecoeur Isabelle , Jungels Cécile , Flas Damien , Hauzeur Anne , Maureille Bruno , Germonpré Mietje , Bocherens Hervé , Pirson Stéphane , Cammaert Laurence , De Clerck Nora , Hambucken Anne , Higham Thomas , Toussaint Michel , van der Plicht Johannes 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn Eurasia, the period between 40,000 and 30,000 BP saw the replacement of Neandertals by anatomically modern humans (AMH) during and after the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. The human fossil record for this period is very poorly defined with no overlap between Neandertals and AMH on the basis of direct dates. Four new 14C dates were obtained on the two adult Neandertals from Spy (Belgium). The results show that Neandertals survived to at least ≈36,000 BP in Belgium and that the Spy fossils may be associated to the Lincombian–Ranisian–Jerzmanowician, a transitional techno‐complex defined in northwest Europe and recognized in the Spy collections. The new data suggest that hypotheses other than Neandertal acculturation by AMH may be considered in this part of Europe. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grafting of cotton fiber by water‐soluble cyclodextrin‐based polymer
Authors: Shown I. , Murthy C. N. 
Published: November 2008

Abstractβ‐cyclodextrin (CD)‐based linear water‐soluble polymers were synthesized in a controlled manner by a one‐pot synthesis method. The synthesized water‐soluble polymer was covalently fixed onto cotton surfaces by a polycondensation reaction at controlled conditions. Grafting on cotton fibers transfers the cyclodextrin properties onto its surface. The grafting occurred through the formation of a crosslink between hydroxyl groups of cotton and CD polymer. This was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy, DSC, tensile strength, computer color matching, and solvent fastness analysis. The tensile strength of modified fiber samples was unchanged as compared to that of unmodified fiber samples. The percentage of grafting depended on a number of parameters and specifically on (i) temperature, (ii) time, and (iii) pH of the reaction medium. Similarly, under optimum conditions the weight increase on cotton fabric due to the grafting reaction could reach 10–15 wt % The grafted cotton fabric shows good dyeability and solvent fastness properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Macroporous chelating resins incorporating heterocyclic functional groups via hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) spacer arms. II. Adsorption properties
Authors: Ji Chunnuan , Qu Rongjun , Xu Qiang , Sun Changmei , Wang Chunhua , Cheng Yucui , Song Yanpeng 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSeveral new chelating resins prepared from macroporous chloromethylated polystyrene‐co‐divinylbenzene by either direct attachment of the heterocyclic functional groups, such as 2‐aminopyridine, 2‐amino‐5‐methylthio‐1,3,4‐thiadizole, 2‐amino‐5‐ethyl‐1,3,4‐thiadizole, and 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole, to the polymeric matrix or through different hydrophilic spacer arms were tested for the adsorption properties toward Hg2+, Ag+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ in an ammonium acetate buffer solution of pH 3.0. The results show that these resins exhibited a high affinity for Hg2+ and Ag+. The introduction of hydrophilic spacer arms between the polymeric matrix and heterocyclic functional groups resulted in an increase in the hydrophilicity and adsorption capacity of the resins. The presence of spacer arms made the kinetics of adsorption faster. The influence of the length of the spacer arm on the adsorption properties was also investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis and characterization of novel optically active poly(urethane urea)s: Effect of left/right rotation conformation
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Zhou Yu‐Ming , Ye Xiao‐Yun , Chen Jing , Sun Yan‐Qing 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHelical R/S‐poly(urethane urea)s (R/S‐HPUUs) were synthesized successfully with R/S‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2′,2‐diol, toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate, and 1,4‐diaminobenzene by a simple hydrogen‐transfer addition reaction. The structure and optical properties of R/S‐HPUUs were investigated systematically with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H‐NMR spectra, absorption and circular dichroism, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that all the NH and carbonyl groups in R/S‐HPUUs were hydrogen‐bonded. R‐HPUU and S‐HPUU were two enantiomorphs with wonderful mirror‐image symmetry according to circular dichroism spectroscopy analysis. R/S‐HPUUs exhibited optical activity, and the optical rotations were +54.7 and −60.7°, respectively. R/S‐HPUUs showed excellent thermal stability because of the plane‐bifurcated interchain hydrogen bonds and helical stereostructures according to thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the left‐handed rotation was more stimulative for the construction of hydrogen bonds than the right‐handed rotation, so S‐HPUU showed higher thermal stability and better crystallizability. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Influence of the equatorial warm water pool on the tropical cyclogenesis: an aqua planet experiment
Authors: Yoshioka Mayumi K. , Kurihara Yoshio 
Published: November 2008

AbstractAqua planet experiments were performed to investigate any favorable environmental conditions for tropical cyclogenesis with a high‐resolution atmospheric general circulation model. Zonally localized enhanced sea surface temperature distributions on the equator modify atmospheric circulation east–west asymmetrically. Tropical cyclogenesis is observed in the off‐equatorial western half of the warm water pool where an enhanced distribution of absolute vorticity is produced. The region associated with the equatorward planetary vorticity transport contributes to make the western half of the pool notably favorable for generating tropical cyclones. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
The third and fourth transmembrane domains of Slc11a1: Comparison of their structures and positioning in phospholipid model membranes
Authors: Qi Haiyan , Yang Lei , Xue Rong , Song Yuande , Wang Shuo , Li Fei 
Published: November 2008

AbstractInteractions of two peptides TM3 and TM4, corresponding to the third and fourth transmembrane domains of a divalent metal‐ion transporter Slc11a1, respectively, with phospholipid model membranes, including zwitterionic dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and anionic dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG), are studied in a wide range of peptide‐to‐lipid (P:L) ratios, and the secondary structures and positioning of the peptides in the lipid bilayers are analyzed, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence techniques. DSC and fluorescence results indicate that both peptides are inserted in the phospholipid bilayers. TM4 is buried in the bilayers more deeply and the insertion position is less affected by pH values, whereas TM3 is less deeply embedded and the position is remarkably shifted toward the direction of the bilayer surface with increasing pH value. The incorporation of TM4 in both lipids causes more perturbation to the packing of the hydrophobic chains of the lipids than TM3. Moreover, the perturbation of TM3 to the lipid packing is pH dependent, whereas the perturbation of TM4 is less pH dependent but with an unusually larger change in the enthalpy of the main transition at pH 5.5 than those at pH 4 and 7. CD data demonstrate that the main discrimination between the secondary structures of TM4 and TM3 is the α‐helix content, more helicity for TM4 than TM3 in both lipids. The folding of the peptides is also affected by the composition of the phospholipids. Anionic lipid DMPG induces more α‐helical folding than neutral lipid DMPC for both peptides. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 92: 52–64, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
“Roll‐over” Cyclometalation of 2,2′‐Bipyridine Platinum(II) Complexes in the Gas Phase: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Butschke Burkhard , Schlangen Maria , Schröder Detlef , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn a combined experimental/computational investigation, the gas‐phase behavior of cationic [Pt(bipy)(CH3)((CH3)2S)]+ (1) (bipy=2,2′‐bipyridine) has been explored. Losses of CH4 and (CH3)2S from 1 result in the formation of a cyclometalated 2,2′‐bipyrid‐3‐yl species [Pt(bipy−H)]+ (2). As to the mechanisms of ligand evaporation, detailed labeling experiments complemented by DFT‐based computations reveal that the reaction follows the mechanistically intriguing “roll‐over” cyclometalation path in the course of which a hydrogen atom from the C(3)‐position is combined with the Pt‐bound methyl group to produce CH4. Activation of a CH‐bond of the (CH3)2S ligand occurs as well, but is less favored (35 % versus 65 %) as compared to the C(3)H bond activation of bipy. In addition, the thermal ion/molecule reactions of [Pt(bipy−H)]+ with (CH3)2S have been examined, and for the major pathway, that is, the dehydrogenative coupling of the two methyl groups to form C2H4, a mechanism is suggested that is compatible with the experimental and computational findings. A hallmark of the gas‐phase chemistry of [Pt(bipy−H)]+ with the incoming (CH3)2S ligand is the exchange of one (and only one) hydrogen atom of the bipy fragment with the CH bonds of dimethylsulfide in a reversible “roll‐over” cyclometalation reaction. The PtII‐mediated conversion of (CH3)2S to C2H4 may serve as a model to obtain mechanistic insight in the dehydrosulfurization of sulfur‐containing hydrocarbons.
Synchronized reentrant flux reversal of multiple FeSiB amorphous wires having large output
Authors: Takajo Minoru , Yamasaki Jiro 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA technique to synchronize the reentrant flux reversal of the multiple magnetostrictive Fe77.5Si7.5B15 amorphous wires was developed using a flux keeper of amorphous ribbons that contacted the wire ends. It is found that the characteristics of the reentrant flux take place respectively at almost the same time in the three Fe‐Si‐B amorphous wires with a diameter of 65 or 95µm. This phenomenon can be explained by considering the strong magnetic coupling of wires and amorphous ribbon by stray field from each wire end. As a result, the magnitude of the induced voltage in the sense coil is increased in proportion to the multiplication of the number of wires. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 91(5): 19–25, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10111
Proposal and evaluation of a gas engine and gas turbine hybrid cogeneration system in which cascaded heat is highly utilized
Authors: Pak Pyong Sik 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA high‐efficiency cogeneration system (CGS) is proposed for utilizing high‐temperature exhaust gas (HTEG) from a gas engine (GE). In the proposed system, for making use of heat energy of HTEG, H2O turbine (HTb) is incorporated and steam produced by utilizing HTEG is used as working fluid of HTb. HTb exhaust gas is also utilized for increasing power output and for satisfying heat demand in the proposed system. Both of the thermodynamic characteristics of the proposed system and a gas engine CGS (GE‐CGS) constructed by using the original GE are estimated. Energy saving characteristics and CO2 reduction effects of the proposed CGS and the GE‐CGS are also investigated. It was estimated that the net generated power of the proposed CGS has been increased 25.5% and net power generation efficiency 6.7%, compared with the original GE‐CGS. It was also shown that the proposed CGS could save 27.0% of energy consumption and reduce 1137 t‐CO2/y, 1.41 times larger than those of GE‐CGS, when a case study was set and investigated. Improvements of performance by increasing turbine inlet temperature were also investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 166(3): 37– 45, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20708
Magnetostrictive effect type force (strain) sensor using mutual induction of planar coils
Authors: Koga Fumitaka , Sasada Ichiro 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA new structure is proposed for the magnetostrictive effect type force sensors using a pickup head layered with magnetostrictive foil and pair of planar coils. Mutual coupling between two planar coils is used as a measure of force applied to the magnetostrictive foil. In this type of force sensor, the output voltage is zero when force is zero, and the planar coils with electric wires can be put on and taken off easily because the magnetostrictive foil does not need a current contact. Basic characteristics of the force sensors are examined using Metglas2605SC amorphous foil glued to the side of an aluminun square bar of 15 mm×15 mm cross‐sectional area and a pair of 16‐turn planar coils. Sensitivity was 38.4 mV/Nm [1.57 mV/μϵ (ϵ = δ l/l)] at the coil excitation condition of 1 MHz, 60 mA. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 166(3): 1–7, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20740
Characteristic analysis and trial manufacture of permanent‐magnetic type linear generator
Authors: Takahara Kenji , Ohsaki Shingo , Itoh Yuzo , Ohyama Kazuhiro , Kawaguchi Hideki 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper describes the design and trial manufacture of a linear generator which can convert any mechanical vibration of an automobile to electrical energy. A mover, which includes permanent magnets, is linearly driven through a stator by vibrations. The Nd‐Fe‐B magnets in the mover are placed facing the same magnetic poles in order to produce a change of magnetic flux in the coils of the stator. The coils are placed in the stator with the same intervals as the magnets. Successive coils are wound in opposite directions and are connected in series. A magnetic iron core covering the stator makes the magnetic flux extend through the case and reduces flux canceling in the coils of the stator. The distribution of the magnetic field, the electromotive force, and the driven power of the mover were calculated by numerical simulations in order to determine the size of the linear generator. A linear generator and experimental apparatus were built on the basis of the simulation. The performance characteristics were tested in experiments, and the produced linear generator was confirmed to be useful as an onboard auxiliary power supply. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 166(3): 94– 100, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20751
Reaction of (Carbonyl)triruthenium with Acetylferrocene Thiosemicarbazone: Synthesis, X‐ray Diffraction, and Insight into the Solution Structures
Authors: Yang Jing‐Mu , Hu Bin , Hu Xiao‐Xue , Xia Chun‐Gu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractReaction of acetylferrocene thiosemicarbazone [L] with Ru3(CO)12 was investigated. Two new complexes, Ru3(CO)9[L‐H] (1) and Ru2(CO)4[L]2 (2) were isolated. They were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 were also determined. In trinuclear cluster 1, the acetylferrocene thiosemicarbazone ligand was deprotonated and acted as an N,S‐chelating ligand as well as a sulfur bridge. Dinuclear compound 2 is the first bis(cycloruthenated acetylferrocene thiosemicarbazone) carbonyl derivative. This complex contains two ruthenium atoms in a dinuclear structure with a Cferrocene, N, S2, and (CO)2 coordination sphere for each ruthenium atom, as both L ligands act as a Cferrocene, N, S2 chelate, and sulfur bridge. The behavior of 1 and 2 under electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) was studied and the key intermediate Ru(CO)2[L‐H] (3) in the formation of 2 was directly detected in the reaction solution.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sugars Containing α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Lactones
Authors: Xavier Nuno M. , Silva Sandrina , Madeira Paulo J. A. , Florêncio M. Helena , Silva Filipa V. M. , Justino Jorge , Thiem Joachim , Rauter Amélia P. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe stereocontrolled synthesis of new sugar derivatives carrying the α,β‐unsaturated δ‐lactone (butenolide) moiety is described. Sugar‐fused or sugar‐linked butenolides can be constructed by an efficient reaction sequence involving Wittig olefination of 3‐ or 5‐keto sugars and intramolecular cyclization of the intermediate γ‐hydroxy α,β‐unsaturated esters. The antimicrobial activities of the products and that of a known sugar‐derived pyranoid α,β‐unsaturated δ‐lactone were investigated against six pathogenic bacteria and six fungi. The pyranoid α,β‐unsaturated δ‐lactone 29 proved to be the most active compound in this series towards the plant pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum coffeanum (coffee berry disease) and Pyricularia oryzae (rice blast disease).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)