bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volumetric Measurement of the Pontomesencephalic Cistern in Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia and Healthy Controls
Authors: Rasche Dirk , Kress Bodo , Stippich Christoph , Nennig Ernst , Sartor Klaus , Tronnier Volker M. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Most so-called idiopathic trigeminal neuralgias (TN) are caused by neurovascular compression. Does the size of the cerebellopontine cistern play a role in favoring a neurovascular conflict? The aim of this prospective study was to measure the volume of the parapontine cistern in patients with idiopathic TN and to perform a comparison with healthy controls.

METHODS:
In 25 patients with unilateral idiopathic TN and 17 healthy participants, high-resolution 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scans of the parapontine region and the trigeminal nerve were performed. A coronal T2-weighted, true fast imaging steady-state precession sequence with a slice thickness of 0.9 mm was used to define the surrounding cerebrospinal fluid space from the trigeminal root entry zone to Meckel's cave. The volume of the pontomesencephalic cistern was calculated using a standardized method.

RESULTS:
The mean difference of the volume of the affected and opposite side was 13% in patients with TN. In all patients, a significantly smaller volume of the cistern was found on the affected side (P &lt; 0.01). Healthy controls showed a mean volumetric side difference of 9%, which was not significant (P &gt; 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans are able to demonstrate significant volumetric differences of the pontomesencephalic cistern in patients with unilateral TN. A smaller cistern may be correlated with the occurrence of a neurovascular compression, and these findings support the neurovascular compression theory in idiopathic TN.
Correlation of Postmortem 9.4 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Immunohistopathology of the Human Thoracic Spinal Cord 7 Months after Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury
Authors: Scholtes Felix , Adriaensens Peter , Storme Liesbet , Buss Armin , Kakulas Byron A. , Gelan Jan , Beuls Emile , Schoenen Jean , Brook Gary A. , Martin Didier 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To correlate high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with immunohistopathology in the injured human spinal cord.

METHODS:
Postmortem MRI scans at a field strength of 9.4 T, as well as standard histology and immunohistochemistry, were performed on an excised specimen of human high thoracic spinal cord, obtained 7 months after the initial trauma, several segments below a severe spinal cord lesion (C5).

RESULTS:
A precise correlation is described between MRI and immunohistochemistry of the long white matter tracts undergoing Wallerian degeneration and of an extension of the cervical lesion into the high thoracic cord.

CONCLUSION:
MRI, the only imaging technique that currently provides useful information on the spinal cord parenchyma after trauma, is rapidly evolving. High-field scanners of up to 9.4 T are being clinically tested. The present postmortem investigation of an isolated spinal cord specimen demonstrates the precise correlation that can be achieved between imaging and pathology. In future investigations, this type of technique can lead to a more precise description of spinal cord injuries and their consequences in remote tissue. Translation into the clinical setting will improve diagnosis and follow-up of spinal cord injured patients.
Internal Jugular Venous Thrombosis as a Complication after an Elective Anterior Cervical Discectomy
Authors: Karim Aftab , Knapp Jill , Nanda Anil 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Anterior cervical discectomy is one of the most common spine procedures in neurosurgery. Various complications, including hoarseness, hematoma, and dysphagia, have been reported in the literature. We report the first case of internal jugular venous thrombosis after an elective anterior cervical discectomy.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 35-year-old woman with past medical history significant only for hypercholesterolemia and cholecystectomy underwent an anterior cervical discectomy with fusion for a symptomatic cervical disc at the C5–C6 level. Intraoperatively, the patient had venous bleeding, which was adequately controlled. The procedure was completed with good hemostasis before closure. The patient was discharged home 1 day after the surgery. She was readmitted 5 days later with a 2-day history of a swollen right neck. The patient had no respiratory symptoms, but did report mild dysphagia. A hematoma was suspected.

INTERVENTION:
A computed tomographic scan of the neck was performed when the patient presented with cervical swelling. This was suggestive of a right internal jugular venous thrombosis. This diagnosis was confirmed with cervical ultrasound. The patient was seen by the vascular surgery department. The hospital course was otherwise uneventful and the patient was discharged 3 days later on oral anticoagulation with warfarin.

CONCLUSION:
This is the first report of internal jugular venous thrombosis after an elective anterior cervical discectomy. Internal jugular venous thrombosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with cervical swelling after an anterior cervical discectomy.
Follicular Lymphoma of the Dura
Authors: Hamilton D Kojo , Bourne T David , Ahmed Hazem , Cousar John B. , Mandell James W. , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
We present an unusual dural-based follicular lymphoma with radiological and macroscopic features similar to a meningioma. The unusual location of this tumor and its distinction from meningioma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the dura, and intraparenchymal central nervous system lymphoma, dramatically alters the patient's postoperative treatment. The case illustrates the clinical, radiological, and histological relevance of this rare entity.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 41-year-old Caucasian man with chronic bifrontal headaches and a raised area over his left frontal cranium that persisted for 1 year presented to the emergency room with nausea and vomiting. His family reported that the patient demonstrated increased irritability and aggressive behavior. A computed tomographic scan revealed a large mass of the left frontal convexity with edema and mass effect. Magnetic resonance imaging scans showed a 5-cm homogeneously enhancing mass in the left posterior frontal lobe.

INTERVENTION:
Preoperatively, the patient underwent angiography and embolization of the tumor. The patient underwent gross total resection of tumor. The dural-based tumor invaded the cranium and scalp. Neuropathological findings were consistent with low-grade follicular lymphoma. The patient is currently undergoing radiation and chemotherapy.

CONCLUSION:
The current case represents the first report of extensive intracranial dural involvement by a follicular lymphoma that shows a classic immunophenotype by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The case illustrates the clinical and radiographic similarities between dural-based lymphoma and meningioma. Distinguishing dural-based follicular lymphoma from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma and from intraparenchymal primary central nervous system lymphomas, which are more often large cell lymphomas with more aggressive biological behavior, is essential for proper clinical management.
Ectopic Fascioliasis in the Dorsal Spine
Authors: Vatsal Devendra K. , Kapoor Shalini , Venkatesh Vimala , Vatsal Priti , Husain Nuzhat 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
Parasitic myelopathy is rare. We report ectopic infestation of the spine by Fasciola hepatica.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A young woman presented with gradual onset paraplegia with bladder and bowel involvement. A magnetic resonance imaging scan showed an epidural mass lesion that was isotense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images, extending from T4–T7 vertebra with extradural cord compression. She was diagnosed with cord compression, possibly owing to tubercular epidural granulation tissue.

INTERVENTION:
During surgery, a mobile, flat, leaf-like, pink parasite was found in the epidural space. Morphological and histological indices confirmed the parasite as Fasciola hepatica.

CONCLUSION:
Ectopic spinal localization of Fasciola may occur during the transmigration path of the parasite through peritoneum or from the liver through portal venous system.
Impact of Cerebrovascular Disease on the Surgical Treatment of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Spagnoli Diego , Innocenti Lucia , Bello Lorenzo , Pluderi Mauro , Bacigaluppi Susanna , Tomei Giustino , Gaini Sergio M. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
The influence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) on the short- and long-term results of surgery was evaluated in a series of consecutive patients with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

METHODS:
Patients with suspected iNPH admitted to our department between June 1996 and June 2003 were evaluated with four clinical and handicap scales. CVD and risk factors for vascular disease were rated. All patients underwent intracranial pressure monitoring via a spinal catheter. Sixty-six patients received a ventriculoperitoneal shunt with a programmable valve. Prospective assessments were programmed at 2 weeks and 3 months after surgery (short-term follow-up). Long-term follow-up evaluations were arranged in June 2004 with patients and/or relatives and health/home care assistants.

RESULTS:
At the short-term follow-up examination, a significant clinical improvement was globally present in 89% of the patients (P &lt; 0.05). CVD, such as leucoaraiosis or previous strokes, were present in 71% of the patients. Patients both with and without CVD and/or risk factors for vascular disease presented a significant improvement (P &lt; 0.05) after shunting; 85 and 100% of the patients with and without CVD, respectively. At the long-term follow-up examination (mean, 52 ± 24.8 mo), 24% of the patients were dead and 8% had experienced stroke. Globally, 60% of the patients were still improved (P &lt; 0.05); 52 and 79% of the patients with and without CVD, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
A high success rate in treatment of iNPH is possible in patients with and without CVD. Despite poorer short- and long-term treatment outcome of iNPH patients with CVD, a long-lasting improvement in their quality of life favors surgery.
Magnetoencephalography in Neurosurgery
Authors: Mäkelä Jyrki P. , Forss Nina , Jääskeläinen Juha , Kirveskari Erika , Korvenoja Antti , Paetau Ritva 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To present applications of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in studies of neurosurgical patients.

METHODS:
MEG maps magnetic fields generated by electric currents in the brain, and allows the localization of brain areas producing evoked sensory responses and spontaneous electromagnetic activity. The identified sources can be integrated with other imaging modalities, e.g., with magnetic resonance imaging scans of individual patients with brain tumors or intractable epilepsy, or with other types of brain imaging data.

RESULTS:
MEG measurements using modern whole-scalp instruments assist in tailoring individual therapies for neurosurgical patients by producing maps of functionally irretrievable cortical areas and by identifying cortical sources of interictal and ictal epileptiform activity. The excellent time resolution of MEG enables tracking of complex spaciotemporal source patterns, helping, for example, with the separation of the epileptic pacemaker from propagated activity. The combination of noninvasive mapping of subcortical pathways by magnetic resonance imaging diffusion tensor imaging with MEG source localization will, in the near future, provide even more accurate navigational tools for preoperative planning. Other possible future applications of MEG include the noninvasive estimation of language lateralization and the follow-up of brain plasticity elicited by central or peripheral neural lesions or during the treatment of chronic pain.

CONCLUSION:
MEG is a mature technique suitable for producing preoperative “road maps” of eloquent cortical areas and for localizing epileptiform activity.
Observation of Sequential Electrophilic Substitution of Bromothiophene and Immediate Reductive Elimination of Arylpalladium Complexes
Authors: Sugie Atsushi , Kobayashi Kei , Suzaki Yuji , Osakada Kohtaro , Mori Atsunori 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
The reaction of aryl(iodo)palladium(II)(bpy) complex with 2,3-dibromothiophene in the presence of AgNO3/KF as an activator induces CH arylation in 64–78% yields. These results suggest that palladium-catalyzed CH arylation of bromothiophene derivatives proceeds through the electrophilic substitution of aryl(iodo)palladium(II) complex triggered by AgNO3/KF to form the aryl(thienyl)palladium(II) complex, which readily undergoes reductive elimination to give the CH arylation product.
Facile and Recyclable Method for the Prins Reaction Using Hafnium(IV) Bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)amides in Fluorous Biphase System
Authors: Hao Xiuhua , Hoshi Nobuto 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
In fluorous biphase system, Hf[N(SO2C8F17)2]4 has been found to be an efficient catalyst for the Prins reaction of α-methyl styrene with aldehydes at low catalytic loading. The reaction proceeds smoothly and affords the corresponding 1,3-dioxanes in good yields. The catalyst is selectively soluble in lower fluorous phase and can be recovered simply by phase separation. Furthermore, the recovered fluorous phase containing catalyst can be recycled 17 times with yields consistently above 80%.
Addition of sec-Alcohols to Alkynes through a Radical Process Using NHPI/CoII/O2 System
Authors: Oka Ryouhei , Nakayama Masami , Sakaguchi Satoshi , Ishii Yasutaka 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
α-Hydroxy carbon radicals generated from alcohols by the action of NHPI smoothly added to electron-deficient alkynes like acetylenedicarboxylates. For instance, the reaction of 2-propanol with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate afforded maleate derivative 3, 3-methoxycarbonyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-buten-4-olide (4), and a fused bis-γ-butyrolactone 5 formed by further addition of 2-hydroxy-2-propyl radical to 4.
Facile Fabrication of Caudate Gold Nanoparticles by a Temperature-reducing Seeding Approach
Authors: Huang Lan , Zhang Yu , Guo Zhirui , Xie Shengli , Wang Meng , Gu Ning 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Caudate gold nanoparticles have been prepared in high yield by a simple temperature-reducing seeding approach, without additional capping agent or surfactant. The added seed colloids, the solution reaction temperature, and the initial concentration of gold ions are critical factors to form the special nanostructures. A possible mechanism is also proposed based on TEM studies.
Preparation of C60 Ribbons by in situ Crystallization in a Microfluidic System
Authors: Shinohara Kyosuke , Fukui Takeshi , Abe Hiroaki , Sekimura Naoto , Okamoto Koji 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
This letter reports a fabrication method for C60 crystalline thin ribbons using a microfluidic system. The bulk size of the C60 ribbons is controlled by hydrodynamic force.
Hysteresis Loops in Dielectric Properties of the Thermochromic Copper(II) Compounds
Authors: Hayami Shinya , Motokawa Natsuko , Shuto Aya , Masuhara Naoji , Umebayashi Yasuhiro , Maeda Yonezo , Sato Osamu , Inoue Katsuya , Kawajiri Ryo , Kumura Yui , Okubo Takashi , Mitani Tadaoki 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
The dielectric changes of thermochromic compounds, [Cu(dieten)2]X2 (X = BF4 and ClO4, dieten = N,N-diethylethylenediamine), have been induced by the transformation between square-planar and distorted-square-planar.
Do we still need compression bandages? Haemodynamic effects of compression stockings and bandages
Authors: Partsch H 
Published: September 2006

Objective: To compare haemodynamic data obtained with elastic compression stockings and inelastic compression material applied with different pressure ranges on the lower extremities. Methods: Haemodynamic effects of compression therapy were demonstrated by measuring venous flow velocity, venous volume, venous reflux and venous pumping function using radioisotopes, phlebography, water displacement volumetry, duplex, air plethysmography, foot volumetry and phlebodynamometry. Results: Light-compression stockings are able to increase venous blood flow velocity in the supine position and to prevent leg swelling after prolonged sitting and standing. In the upright position an interface pressure of more than 50 mmHg is needed for an intermittent occlusion of incompetent veins and for a reduction of ambulatory venous hypertension during walking. Such high interface pressures may rather be achieved by short-stretch, multilayer bandages than by an elastic stocking. Conclusion: Elastic compression stockings exerting interface pressures up to 40 mmHg are effective in preventing or reducing oedema. Multilayer compression bandages with a pressure over 40 mmHg additionally improve severely disturbed venous pumping function.
Clinical value of interwoven silver fibres in class II compression stockings: results from a crossover trial
Authors: Singer E , Thalhammer C , Degischer S , Aschwanden M , Labs K-H , Jaeger K A 
Published: September 2006

Objective: The aim of the study was to show whether silver fibres interwoven into regular compression stockings will enhance the nutritive capillary perfusion in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) patients. Methods: Double-blind, randomized crossover trial with two 10-day treatment phases and an intermediate three-day wash-out in 20 CVI patients (7 males, 13 females, median age: 65 years), comparing regular and silver fibres containing class II compression stockings. Primary endpoint: tcpO2 measurement at 44°C probe temperature in the peri-malleolar region of the reference leg. Results: In the overall study population, the 'end-of-treatment-phase' minus 'start-of-treatment-phase' tcpO2 – differences were negative for the regular hosiery (median [MAD]: -6.75 [8.5] mmHg, supine leg position; -7.25 [5.75] mmHg, dependent leg position), but positive for the silver fibre containing fabric (median [MAD]: 4.0 [7.75] and 2.5 [8.5] mmHg for the supine and the dependent leg position). The intergroup differences in the overall data were not statistically significant. Analysis of a core data-set, excluding data points above the 90% and below the 10% percentile, approached ( P = 0.052, supine) or reached statistical significance ( P = 0.023, dependent leg position). Conclusions: The study provides first evidence that using interwoven silver fibres in class II compression stockings results in clinical benefit for CVI patients.
Safe introduction of the VNUS Closure procedure: a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Mirza M S , Madill J , Parsons W , Gajraj H 
Published: September 2006

Objectives: The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence supports the use of radiofrequency ablation (VNUS Closure) of the long saphenous vein (LSV) as an alternative to stripping. An increase in interest in the procedure is anticipated. The technique can produce serious complications not commonly associated with conventional surgery, and safety is a major concern with its introduction. The aim was to introduce the new technique into a district hospital, without major complications or failures. Methods: A multidisciplinary team was developed consisting of consultant surgeon, vascular technologist and theatre nurse, who received intensive training and mentoring from a group with considerable experience. All members attended operating theatre and duplex imaging sessions over a period of six months. Approval for the introduction of the technique into our institution was sought from the Medical Director and Clinical Governance Directorate. The results of VNUS Closure surgery were included in the monthly clinical governance and audit meetings. During the consent process, the first patient was informed that the team had not yet undertaken the procedure, but had taken all necessary measures to ensure its competence. Subsequently, patients were advised of our experience and the results. Results: Of the 18 patients who consented for the study, 13 (72%) were found on duplex scanning to have saphenofemoral reflux suitable for VNUS Closure. VNUS Closure was attempted in 22 LSVs in 13 patients; 21 LSVs (95%) in 12 patients were closed at surgery and 19 (86%) remained completely closed at a median of 12 months (range 3–24 months). There were no deaths and no major complications. Conclusion: The safe introduction of VNUS Closure in a district hospital can be accomplished through intensive training and a process of mentoring from experienced practitioners, a multidisciplinary approach with a vascular technologist in theatre and attention to governance issues, in particular audit and consent.
Primary and secondary lymphoedema in male patients with oedema in lower limbs
Authors: Bolcal C , Iyem H , Sargin M , Mataraci I , Doganci S , Kilic S , Karacalioglu O , Sahin M A , Demirkilic U , Tatar H 
Published: September 2006

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate patients with clinically diagnosed lymphoedema of the lower extremities. The proportions of primary and secondary lymphoedema, the possible aetiologic factors and the concomitance of chronic venous diseases and lymphoedema were focused on. Method: The male patients who attended our outpatient clinic during 2000 and 2004 were evaluated. In all, 160 male patients with 5 cm circumference difference at calf level between two lower extremities or with clinically diagnosed bilateral leg oedema were enrolled. All patients underwent duplex venous ultrasonography and lymphoscintigraphy. Venography was performed in 12 patients with normal lymphoscintigraphy and ultrasonography. Results: The age distribution was between 20 and 54 years (mean ± SD; 22.9 ± 4.3). Among 160 patients, 70.0% had lymphoedema, while 7.5% had chronic venous insufficiency, 3.75% chronic deep venous thrombosis, 7.5% concomitant venous disease and lymphatic obstruction, and 7.5% idiopathic oedema. In the last 3.75% the pathology was Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome. Of the primary lymphoedema patients (16.25%), 18 were praecox, six tarda and two were congenital types. Conclusion: In young male patients, the causes of secondary lymphoedema are lymphadenectomy, neoplastic metastasis, cellulitis, lymphangitis, etc. Further techniques confirmed the clinical diagnosis of lymphoedema in 77.5% (sum of lymphoedema and concomitant disease) of all patients. With these findings lymphoedema can be diagnosed clinically, and further diagnostic techniques can be reserved unless treatment is effective.