bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurotic Disorders in Children and Adults Under Social Stress Neurosis in Kids and Adults
Authors: Boltivets Sergii , Gonchar Tymur , Gonchar Oleksiy , Uralova Lyudmila , Chelyadyn Yuliya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The relevance of the research subject is to explore the neurotic disorders that arise in people affected by the Russian-Ukrainian war and who witness violence and war crimes. The purpose of the research is to reflect the specific features of the mental reaction of children and adults to military actions as an example of global social stress. Bibliographic, bibliosemantic, and statistical research methods were used in the research. Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the number of patients with prolonged depression and schizophrenia has increased, and neurotic disorders has become more severe and acute. Particular attention should be devoted to assistance to military personnel who have been in the combat zone for a long time and former military prisoners of war. Attention should be devoted to the psyche, emotionality, and behavior of people with labile and unformed nervous systems—children, adolescents, pregnant women, and people of retirement age.
Acceptability and Usability of Self-Sampling for the Detection of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Transgender Women: The TransOdara Multicentric Study in Brazil
Authors: McCartney Daniel Jason , Bassichetto Katia Cristina , Leal Andrea Fachel , Knauth Daniela , Dourado Inês , Magno Laio , Carvalho da Silva Roberto José , Mayaud Philippe , Veras Maria Amélia ,   for the TransOdara Research Group
Published: March 2024

Background
The effective testing of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) requires sampling from potential infection sites. This study aimed to assess the choice, satisfaction, and performance of self-collected samples (SCS) from potential infection sites for STI testing among transgender women in Brazil.

Methods
TransOdara was a multicentric, cross-sectional STI prevalence study conducted in 5 Brazilian cities. Using respondent-driven sampling, 1317 transgender women 18 years or older were recruited. Participants completed interviewer-led questionnaires and provided swab samples from multiple sites (anorectal, oropharyngeal, genital) for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Participants were given a choice of SCS or provider-collected samples (PCS) at each site.

Results
Most participants selected SCS for anorectal (74.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 72.4–77.3) and genital (72.7%; 95% CI, 70.2–75.1) sites, whereas fewer chose for oropharyngeal samples (49.8%; 95% CI, 47.0–52.6). For future testing, most participants expressed a preference for SCS for genital (72.2%; 95% CI, 69.5–74.7) and anorectal (70.2%; 95% CI, 67.6–72.7) sites. There was no significant difference in the positive test results for CT and NG between SCS and PCS at anorectal and oropharyngeal sites, or for HPV at anorectal and genital (penile or neovaginal) sites.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated a high level of acceptability and usability of self-sampling for STI testing among transgender women. A preference for SCS was evident at the anorectal and genital sites, and the results of SCS were comparable to those of PCS. The findings suggest that multisite STI testing utilizing self-collection methods as a provided option can be effectively integrated into sexual health services for transgender women.
Extragenital Sexually Transmitted Infections Among High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Dias Bianca Da Costa , Sekgele Windy , Nhlapo Duduzile , Mahlangu Mahlape P. , Venter Johanna M.E. , Maseko Dumisile V. , Müller Etienne E. , Greeves Maurice , Botha Paul , Radebe Frans , Kufa Tendesayi , Kularatne Ranmini S. 
Published: March 2024

Background
In South Africa, extragenital etiological sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening among men who have sex with men (MSM) is not routinely available. We aimed to determine the prevalence of STI pathogens at rectal and pharyngeal sites, syphilis seroprevalence, and associated risk factors among a selection of high-risk MSM without symptomatic urethritis attending a men's health clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. Enrolled clients self-reported demographic, sexual behavioral risks, and clinical information. Client or clinician-collected rectal and pharyngeal swabs were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis. C. trachomatis–positive rectal samples were reflex tested for lymphogranuloma venereum. Blood specimens were screened for syphilis. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to determine factors independently associated with the presence of an extragenital STI or syphilis.

Results
Among the 97 participants (median age, 29 years), 24.7% had an extragenital STI and 9.4% had high nontreponemal antibody titers (rapid plasma reagin ≥1:16). Rectal STIs were detected in 26.4% participants: N. gonorrhoeae (14.3%), C. trachomatis (9.9%), and M. genitalium (5.5%). Pharyngeal STIs were less prevalent (4.1%). Overall, the prevalence of any STI was 41%. Sex under the influence of drugs (adjusted odds ratio, 4.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.56–15.69) and engaging in condomless receptive anal intercourse with a casual partner (adjusted odds ratio, 8.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.73–40.28) were independent risk factors for having an extragenital STI.

Conclusions
The high burden of extragenital STIs and active syphilis in asymptomatic MSM underscores the importance of routine etiological screening in this key population, as the syndromic approach would not enable detection or treatment of these infections.
Low-Acuity Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization
Authors: Ziemnik Lisa , Parker Noah , Bufi Kyra , Waters Kristen , Almeda Jacob , Stolfi Adrienne 
Published: March 2024

Objectives
Proper emergency department (ED) utilization is a hallmark of population health. Emergency department overcrowding due to nonurgent visits causes increased stress to healthcare staff, higher costs, and longer wait times for more urgent cases. This study sought to better understand post pandemic reasons caregivers have when bringing in their children for nonurgent visits and devise effective interventions to improve caregiver choice for non-ED care for nonurgent conditions.

Methods
Surveys were conducted at an urban pediatric hospital for Emergency Severity Index (ESI) level 3 to 5 visits. A total of 602 surveys were completed with 8 being excluded from analysis. Survey responses and anonymized demographic information were collected. Responses were compared between surveys grouped by respondent age category, relation to child, child's race, insurance type, and ESI levels.

Results
Primary reasons given for nonurgent ED visits were perceived urgency (74.2%, n = 441), ED superiority to other locations (23.9%, n = 142), and referral to the ED by a third party (17.7%, n = 105). Of those who cited perceived urgency as a reason, 80.5% (n = 355) wanted to lessen their child's pain/discomfort as soon as possible, but only 13.6% said that their child was too ill to be seen anywhere else (n = 60). Demographic differences occurred in the proportions of respondents citing some of the primary and secondary reasons for bringing their child to the ED.

Conclusions
This study highlights 3 key findings. An immediate desire for care plays a key role in caregiver decision making for low-acuity visits. There is potential socioeconomic and racial bias in where care is recommended that needs to be further explored in this region. Cross community interventions that target key reasons for seeking low-acuity care have the highest likelihood of impacting the use of the ED for low-acuity conditions.
Evolution of Intravenous Medication Errors and Preventive Systemic Defenses in Hospital Settings—A Narrative Review of Recent Evidence
Authors: Kuitunen Sini , Airaksinen Marja , Holmström Anna-Riia 
Published: March 2024

Objectives
Intravenous drug administration has been associated with severe medication errors in hospitals. The present narrative review is based on a systematic literature search, and aimed to describe the recent evolution in research on systemic causes and defenses in intravenous medication errors in hospitals.

Methods
This narrative review was based on Reason’s theory of systems-based risk management. A systematic literature search covering the period from June 2016 to October 2021 was conducted on Medline (Ovid). We used the search strategy and selection criteria developed for our previous systematic reviews. The included articles were analyzed and compared to our previous reviews.

Results
The updated search found 435 articles. Of the 63 included articles, 16 focused on systemic causes of intravenous medication errors, and 47 on systemic defenses. A high proportion (n = 24, 38%) of the studies were conducted in the United States or Canada. Most of the studies focused on drug administration (n = 21/63, 33%) and preparation (n = 19/63, 30%). Compared to our previous review of error causes, more studies (n = 5/16, 31%) utilized research designs with a prospective risk management approach. Within articles related to systemic defenses, smart infusion pumps remained most widely studied (n = 10/47, 21%), while those related to preparation technologies (n = 7/47, 15%) had increased.

Conclusions
This narrative review demonstrates a growing interest in systems-based risk management for intravenous drug therapy and in introducing new technology, particularly smart infusion pumps and preparation systems, as systemic defenses. When introducing new technologies, prospective assessment and continuous monitoring of emerging safety risks should be conducted.
Khmer translation and cultural adaptation of the Locomotor Capabilities Index-5
Authors: Ramstrand Nerrolyn , Maddock Alan , Heang Thearith , Ean Nil , Kheng Sisary 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Mobility is a major goal of prosthetic and orthotic rehabilitation, and use of outcome measures to evaluate mobility is necessary for good clinical practice. To support the use of outcome measures worldwide, work is needed to translate relevant instruments and adapt them for use in multiple cultures.

Objectives:
The objective of this research was to use a standardized method to translate the Locomotor Capabilities Index-5 (LCI-5) into Khmer, the national language in Cambodia, and to evaluate its cultural integrity by assessing it with a group of prosthesis and orthosis users.

Study design:
Instrument translation and cultural validation.

Methods:
Two forward translations of the LCI-5 were produced and then reconciled into a single document. The Khmer version was back translated into English, and a group of experts reviewed the back translation. Two rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted with lower-limb prosthetic and orthotic users who provided feedback.

Results:
During the reconciliation process, minor changes were made to 6 of the 14 items. Changes were most often made to better reflect the conceptual meaning of the original English version. Cognitive interviews resulted in the addition of a new response alternative.

Conclusions:
Use of a standardized method to translate the LCI-5 resulted in a linguistically and culturally valid Khmer version of the instrument. Following appropriate psychometric testing, this instrument will facilitate measurement of mobility in prosthetic and orthotic clinical practice in Cambodia as well as support national and multinational research.
Identifying Implementation Determinants and Strategies for Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine in People with HIV Who Are Virally Unsuppressed
Authors: Hickey Matthew D. , Grochowski Janet , Mayorga-Munoz Francis , Oskarsson Jon , Imbert Elizabeth , Spinelli Matthew , Szumowski John D. , Appa Ayesha , Koester Kimberly , Dauria Emily F. , McNulty Moira , Colasanti Jonathan , Havlir Diane V , Gandhi Monica , Christopoulos Katerina A. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Early evidence suggests long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine (LA-CAB/RPV) may be beneficial for people with HIV (PWH) who are unable to attain viral suppression (VS) on oral therapy. Limited guidance exists on implementation strategies for this population.

Setting:
Ward 86, a clinic serving publicly insured PWH in San Francisco

Methods:
We describe multi-level determinants of and strategies for LA-CAB/RPV implementation for PWH without VS, using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. To assess patient and provider-level determinants, we drew on pre-implementation qualitative data. To assess inner and outer context determinants, we undertook a structured mapping process.

Results:
Key patient-level determinants included perceived ability to adhere to injections despite oral adherence difficulties and care engagement challenges posed by unmet subsistence needs; strategies to address these determinants included a direct-to-inject approach, small financial incentives, and designated drop-in days. Provider-level determinants included lack of time to obtain LA-CAB/RPV, assess injection response, and follow-up late injections; strategies included centralizing eligibility review with the clinic pharmacist, a pharmacy technician to handle procurement and monitoring, regular multidisciplinary review of patients, and development of a clinic protocol. Ward 86 did not experience many outer context barriers due to rapid and unconstrained inclusion of LA-CAB/RPV on local formularies and ability of its affiliated hospital pharmacy to stock the medication.

Conclusion:
Multi-level strategies to support LA-CAB/RPV implementation for PWH without VS are required, which may necessitate additional resources in some settings to implement safely and effectively. Advocacy to eliminate outer-context barriers, including prior authorizations and specialty pharmacy restrictions, is needed.
Treatment of Bone Metastases of Breast Cancer With 177Lu-DOTA-IBA
Authors: Deng Jia , Yang Jian , Cheng Zixuan , Chen Yue 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bone metastasis of breast cancer often presents as osteolytic. 177Lu-DOTA-ibandronic acid (177Lu-DOTA-IBA) is a new radioactive drug for bone metastasis lesion. We report a case of recurrent intermittent pain due to bone metastasis, who demonstrated a satisfactory therapy response after 2 cycles of 177Lu-DOTA-IBA. In addition, the patient did not have any observable adverse effects.
Enchondroma on Bone Scan and PSMA PET/CT in a Patient With Prostate cancer
Authors: DeSai Charisma , Flynt Lesley , Tewari Sanjit Om , Lu Yang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A 54-year-old man with Gleason 9 prostate cancer with reported nodal and skeletal metastases was referred to us. Outside hospital reports described abnormal left proximal humerus activity on bone scan concerning for metastasis; however, concurrent PSMA PET/CT did not show activity in this lesion. Further review of the PET/CT images revealed characteristic features of enchondroma in the left humeral lesion.
An initiative to assess and improve the resources and patient care processes used among Chest Wall Injury Society collaborative centers study (CWIS-CC2)
Authors: Eriksson Evert A. , Waite Amanda , Whitbeck SarahAnn S. , Bach John A. , Bauman Zachary M. , Cavlovic Lindsey , Dale Kate , DeVoe William B. , Doben Andrew R. , Edwards John G. , Forrester Joseph D. , Kaye Adam J. , Green John M. , Hsu Jeremy , Hufford Andrea , Janowak Christopher F. , Kartiko Susan , Moore Ernest E. , Patel Bhavik , Pieracci Fredric , Sarani Babak , Schubl Sebastian D. , Semon Gregory , Thomas Bradley W. , Tung Jamie , Van Lieshout Esther M.M. , White Thomas W. , Wijffels Mathieu M.E. , Wullschleger Martin E. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Over the last two decades, the acute management of rib fractures has changed significantly. In 2021, the Chest Wall injury Society (CWIS) began recognizing centers that epitomize their mission as CWIS Collaborative Centers. The primary aim of this study was to determine the resources, surgical expertise, access to care, and institutional support that are present among centers.

METHODS
A survey was performed including all CWIS Collaborative Centers evaluating the resources available at their hospital for the treatment of patients with chest wall injury. Data about each chest wall injury center care process, availability of resources, institutional support, research support, and educational offerings were recorded.

RESULTS
Data were collected from 20 trauma centers resulting in an 80% response rate. These trauma centers were made up of 5 international and 15 US-based trauma centers. Eighty percent (16 of 20) have dedicated care team members for the evaluation and management of rib fractures. Twenty-five percent (5 of 20) have a dedicated rib fracture service with a separate call schedule. Staffing for chest wall injury clinics consists of a multidisciplinary team: with attending surgeons in all clinics, 80% (8 of 10) with advanced practice providers and 70% (7 of 10) with care coordinators. Forty percent (8 of 20) of centers have dedicated rib fracture research support, and 35% (7 of 20) have surgical stabilization of rib fracture (SSRF)–related grants. Forty percent (8 of 20) of centers have marketing support, and 30% (8 of 20) have a web page support to bring awareness to their center. At these trauma centers, a median of 4 (1–9) surgeons perform SSRFs. In the majority of trauma centers, the trauma surgeons perform SSRF.

CONCLUSION
Considerable similarities and differences exist within these CWIS collaborative centers. These differences in resources are hypothesis generating in determining the optimal chest wall injury center. These findings may generate several patient care and team process questions to optimize patient care, patient experience, provider satisfaction, research productivity, education, and outreach.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level V.
Surface-based Tractography uncovers ‘What’ and ‘Where’ Pathways in Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Bedini Marco , Olivetti Emanuele , Avesani Paolo , Baldauf Daniel 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThe frontal eye field (FEF) and the inferior frontal junction (IFJ) are prefrontal regions that mediate top-down functions, with mounting neuroimaging evidence suggesting that they specialize in controlling spatial versus non-spatial processing, respectively. We hypothesized that their unique patterns of structural connectivity underlie these specialized roles. To accurately infer the localization of FEF and IFJ in standard space, we performed an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of fMRI paradigms that reliably targeted these regions. Using surface-based probabilistic tractography methods at the individual subject level, we tracked streamlines ipsilaterally from the inferred FEF and IFJ activation peaks to the dorsal and ventral visual streams mapped on the native white matter surface parcellated using the multimodal Glasser atlas. By contrasting FEF and IFJ connectivity likelihoods, we found predominant structural connectivity from the FEF to regions of the dorsal visual stream compared to the IFJ (particularly in the left hemisphere), and conversely, predominant structural connectivity from the IFJ to regions of the ventral visual stream compared to the FEF bilaterally. Additionally, we analyzed the cortical terminations of the superior longitudinal fasciculus to the FEF and IFJ, implicating its first and third branches as segregated pathways mediating their communication to the posterior parietal cortex. The structural connectivity fingerprints of the FEF and IFJ support the view that the two visual stream architectures extend to the posterior lateral prefrontal cortex and provide converging anatomical evidence of their specialization in spatial versus non-spatial control.
Mapping the distribution of seagrass meadows from space with deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Giménez-Romero Àlex , Ferchichi Dhafer , Moreno-Spiegelberg Pablo , Sintes Tomàs , Matías Manuel A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeagrass meadows play a vital role in supporting coastal communities by promoting biodiversity, mitigating coastal erosion and contributing to local economies. These ecosystems face significant threats, including habitat loss and degradation or climate change. United Nations has recognized the urgency of conserving marine ecosystems, highlighting the need for evidence-based conservation strategies and high-quality monitoring. However, traditional monitoring approaches are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly, limiting their scalability and effectiveness. The growing availability of remote sensing data coupled to the rise of machine learning technologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to develop autonomous, efficient and scalable monitoring systems. Despite many efforts, the development of such systems for seagrass meadows remains a challenge, with recent attempts presenting several limitations such as limited satellite imagery, inadequate metrics for evaluating model performance or insufficient ground truth data, leading to simple proof of concepts rather than useful solutions. Here, we overcome these limitations by developing a comprehensive framework to mapPosidonia oceanicameadows in the Mediterranean Sea using an extensive georeferenced habitat dataset and diverse satellite imagery for model training. We successfully evaluate the model generalization capability across different regions and provide the trained model for broader application in biodiversity monitoring and management.
An experimental study of free flight kinematics in a miniature parasitoid waspTrichogramma telengai
Authors: Lapina Nadezhda A. , Farisenkov Sergey E. , Shcherbakov Evgeny O. , Kolomenskiy Dmitry , Polilov Alexey A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBody size is the major factor to the flight mechanics in animals. To fly at low Reynolds numbers, miniature insects have adaptations in kinematics and wing structure. Many microinsects have bristled wings, which reduce inertia and power requirements when providing good aerodynamic efficiency. But both bristled and membranous-winged microinsects fly at Reynolds numbers of about 10. Yet, the kinematics of the smallest known membranous-winged species have not been studied sufficiently. The available data are limited to the forewings of a relatively large parasitoid waspEncarsia formosa. We studied kinematics of wings and body and flight performance in one of the smallest membranous-winged wasps, Trichogramma telengai (0.5 mm body length,Re= 12).T. telengaireaches 29 cm s-1speed and 7 m s-2acceleration in horizontal flight which are comparable with the flight performance of other microinsects. The wingbeat cycle is characterized by high frequency (283 Hz) and stroke amplitude (149°) and includes U-shaped strokes at high angles of attack and prolonged clap-and-fling. The hindwings move with a slight phase shift and smaller amplitude than the forewings.T. telengaidiffers from large membranous-winged insects and miniature featherwing beetles in kinematics, but it is fundamentally similar toE. formosa(Re= 18, membranous wings) and thripsFrankliniella occidentalis(Re= 15, bristled wings). We showed that, atRe≈ 101, both membranous and bristled-winged insects have sufficient flight performance. Further study of the bristled-winged insects will make it possible to define the size limits of effectiveness of different wing structures.