bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversification of Nonionic Amphiphilic Poly(N-vinylacetamide) Hydrogels by a Double Network Approach
Authors: Ajiro Hiroharu , Watanabe Junji , Akashi Mitsuru 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
The amphiphilic aprotic vinyl monomer, N-vinylacetamide (NVA), was firstly employed to fabricate double network (DN) hydrogels in water at 37 °C. Although N,N-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker did not form hydrogels, novel crosslinker which is based on the structure of NVA was effective in creating first and second network hydrogels. DN structures of nonionic NVA hydrogels will expand the pool of various functional hydrogels, as well as give rise to stronger NVA hydrogel preparations.
Reflection, brooding, and suicidality: A preliminary study of different types of rumination in individuals with a history of major depression
Authors: Crane Catherine , Barnhofer Thorsten , Williams J. Mark G. 
Published: August 2007

Objective To examine the relationship between reflection, brooding, and suicidality in participants with a history of major depression.Method Participants were divided into three groups – those who had never been suicidal (N=11), suicide ideators (N=11), and suicide attempters (N=10). Participants completed the Ruminative Responses Scale to explore scores on the brooding and reflection subscales in each group.Results There was a significant interaction between groups and type of self‐focused thinking: suicide attempters more strongly endorsed brooding than reflection, whilst non‐suicidal, but previously depressed individuals showed the reverse trend. Suicidal and non‐suicidal groups differed significantly in levels of reflection, but did not differ significantly in levels of brooding.Conclusions Deficits in reflection appear to be linked to suicidality in major depression consistent with evidence of problem‐solving deficits in these groups.
Structural Determinants of Vertebral Fracture Risk
Authors: Melton L Joseph , Riggs B Lawrence , Keaveny Tony M , Achenbach Sara J , Hoffmann Paul F , Camp Jon J , Rouleau Peggy A , Bouxsein Mary L , Amin Shreyasee , Atkinson Elizabeth J , Robb Richard A , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: August 2007

Abstract
Vertebral fractures are more strongly associated with specific bone density, structure, and strength parameters than with areal BMD, but all of these variables are correlated.
Introduction: It is unclear whether the association of areal BMD (aBMD) with vertebral fracture risk depends on bone density per se, bone macro- or microstructure, overall bone strength, or spine load/bone strength ratios.
Materials and Methods: From an age-stratified sample of Rochester, MN, women, we identified 40 with a clinically diagnosed vertebral fracture (confirmed semiquantitatively) caused by moderate trauma (cases; mean age, 78.6 ± 9.0 yr) and compared them with 40 controls with no osteoporotic fracture (mean age, 70.9 ± 6.8 yr). Lumbar spine volumetric BMD (vBMD) and geometry were assessed by central QCT, whereas microstructure was evaluated by high-resolution pQCT at the ultradistal radius. Vertebral failure load (∼strength) was estimated from voxel-based finite element models, and the factor-of-risk (ϕ) was determined as the ratio of applied spine loads to failure load.
Results: Spine loading (axial compressive force on L3) was similar in vertebral fracture cases and controls (e.g., for 90° forward flexion, 2639 versus 2706 N; age-adjusted p = 0.173). However, fracture cases had inferior values for most bone density and structure variables. Bone strength measures were also reduced, and the factor-of-risk was 35–37% greater (worse) among women with a vertebral fracture. By age-adjusted logistic regression, relative risks for the strongest fracture predictor in each of the five main variable categories were bone density (total lumbar spine vBMD: OR per SD change, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1–4.3), bone geometry (vertebral apparent cortical thickness: OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1–4.1), bone microstructure (none significant); bone strength (“cortical” [outer 2 mm] compressive strength: OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3–4.8), and factor-of-risk (ϕ for 90° forward flexion/overall vertebral compressive strength: OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.4–7.5). These variables were correlated with spine aBMD (partial r, −0.32 to 0.75), but each was a stronger predictor of fracture in the logistic regression analyses.
Conclusions: The association of aBMD with vertebral fracture risk is explained by its correlation with more specific bone density, structure, and strength parameters. These may allow deeper insights into fracture pathogenesis.
Stability of Soluble Adhesion Molecules, Selectins, and C-Reactive Protein at Various Temperatures: Implications for Epidemiological and Large-Scale Clinical Studies
Authors: Hartweg Janine , Gunter Michael , Perera Rafael , Farmer Andrew , Cull Carole , Schalkwijk Casper , Kok Astrid , Twaalfhoven Harry , Holman Rury , Neil Andrew 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackground: We assessed the impact of sample storage conditions on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules (sVCAM), soluble intracellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1), soluble (s)E-selectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and sP-selectin.Methods: Markers were measured by ELISA in venous blood from 10 healthy volunteers on aliquots stored as plasma or whole blood at 4, 21, or 30 °C for 1–5 days and after 1–5 freeze-thaw cycles. We compared results on these samples to results for samples processed immediately and stored at −80 °C. Statistical models assessed time-related effects and effects of postprocessing conditions.Results: Using an upper limit of 10% variation from baseline with P &gt;0.05, we found that stability duration in plasma was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 °C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 °C and 1 day at 30 °C. Stability duration in whole blood was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 °C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 °C and 2 days at 30 °C. sP-selectin was not stable in plasma or whole blood. sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, CRP, and sE-selectin were stable after 5 freeze-thaw cycles.Conclusions: sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and CRP are stable in plasma or whole blood at 4 and 21 °C for at least 3 days and sE-selectin for 2 days. sP-selectin is not stable and therefore requires immediate assay.
SOME ZYGNEMATALEAN ALGAE FROM NORTH-EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Misra P. K. , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: August 2007

Present communication deals with 9 taxa of order Zygnematales (Conjugales by Fritsch 1935, Zygnemales by Randhawa 1959) of class Chlorophyceae. Genera Mougeotia Ag. and Zygnema Ag. each with 2 species while Spirogyra Link with 5 species are well flourishing along with other group of algae in different localities of North-Eastern, U.P.

Morpho-taxonomic descriptions of species like Mougeotia sphaerocarpa Wolle, Mougeotia sp., Spirogyra bichromatophora (Randhawa) Transeau, S. biformis Jao, S. parvula (Trans) Czurda,
S. hymerae Britton and Smith, Spirogyra sp., Zygnema insigne (Hassall) Kuetz and Z. vaucherii Ag. are mainly based on length and breadth of vegetative filaments, chloroplast shape, number, direction of turning, conjugation type, shape, size and position of zygospore. Two taxa, Spirogyra sp. and Mougeotia sp. have been described under open nomenclature system as the fertile parts are not preserved.

These algae have been collected from various aquatic habitats of Bahraich and Gonda district of North-Eastern U.P., constitute new record for the area.

Key words:	Freshwater, chlorophyceae, zygnematalean algae, U.P.

Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.
APPRAISAL OF SOME MOSSES FOR BIOMONITORING AIR BORNE HEAVY METALS IN KATHMANDU VALLEY
Authors: Shakya K. , Chettri M. K. , Sawidis T 
Published: August 2007

Epiphytic mosses were sampled from 35 sites in Kathmandu valley for assessing air borne heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) through passive monitoring technique. These sampling sites were broadly divided into 3 categories viz., inside, along and outside the ring road. The ring road encircles core part of two cities, Kathmandu and Lalitpur. Among all the studied epiphytic mosses, three species like Brachythecium plumosum (Hedw.) B.S.G; Fabronia matsumurae Besch. and Erythrodontium julaceum (Schwaegr.) Par. were very common and mostly showed high bioaccumulation of these metals. Bioaccumulation ability in these three mosses was further evaluated statistically using paired t- test. Result of paired t-test indicated that Erythrodontium julaceum significantly (P=0.05) have high bioaccumulating capacity of the heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn than other moss species. Therefore, the epiphytic moss species Erythrodontium julaceum has been recommended as one of the suitable moss species to be considered for future biomonitoring programme. Contamination factor indicated severe contamination of Cd, Cr, and Pb at most sampling sites inside and along the ring road areas. Similarly, it also showed severe contamination of Zn at some areas outside the ring road.

Key words:	Heavy metals, Mosses, monitoring, contamination factors, Kathmandu.

Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Gall Bladder Disease
Authors: Maitra TK , Alam NA , Haque E , Khan MH , Chowdhury HK 
Published: August 2007

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the procedures through which gall bladder can be removed. Acute cholecystitis was considered a contraindication for laparoscopic procedure but with time and experience this shortcoming is now overcome. Here is a study of 32 patients who were selected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Among them, 29 patients were operated by laparoscopic method and rest three patients were converted. This study showed the appropriate time for surgery, technical difficulties and the complication of surgery. It may be concluded that laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and beneficial to the patient with acute cholecystitis in its early phase, if necessary support and expertise is available.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 10-13)
Near-Miss/Severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM): A new concept in maternal care
Authors: Jahan S , Begum K , Shaheen N , Khandokar M 
Published: August 2007

A near-miss obstetric morbidity means a woman (in pregnancy/labour/puerperium) who almost died but survived. The near-miss: mortality ratio is a possible new indicator of maternal care and could be used to compare improvements in treatments more accurately than mortality date alone. Criteria to define and identify the cases vary greatly. The incidence ranges from 0.07% to 8.23% and the case fatality ratio from 0.02% to 37%. Massive obstetric haemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are two important primary obstetric causes of near-miss morbidity. Mortality index (MI) in one of the potential method of assessing the care received by SAMM cases. Population based surveys are considered preferable to collect informations of near-miss.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 29-33)
Double Intervention in Single Sitting in a Girl with Atrial Septal Defect and Patent Ductus Arteriosus: A Case Report
Authors: Fatema NN , Rahman SMM , Karim MR , Haque M 
Published: August 2007

Atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are commonly encountered problems and constitute about 20% of all congenital heart lesions. Association of these two conditions in a single patient is not very uncommon. Both these conditions can be treated by placing intracardiac devices. Double interventional closure of Atrial Septal Defect (secundum type) and Patent Ductus Arteriosus was performed in single sitting in a 12 year-old girl in Catheterization Laboratory of CMH Dhaka. This is the first ever-reported double interventional closure of two separate diseases in a single patient in single setting, which led writing this report.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 34-37)
Oral Versus Vaginal Misoprostol for Induction of Labour
Authors: Sultana N , Rouf S , Rashid M 
Published: August 2007

It is sometimes difficult to select the most effective, easy to use, safest, widely accepted and less expensive method for induction of labour and thereby spontaneous vaginal delivery. Prostaglandin E1 analogue ie misoprostol as a successful method both in oral and vaginal form has been used for induction of labour. The present study was conducted with an aim to compare the efficacy and safety of oral and vaginal administration of misoprostol tablets for cervical ripening and induction of labour in pregnant women using similar dosing regimen in two groups of pregnant women. A prospective randomized trial was done on one hundred pregnant women for the purpose. They were between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation and unfavourable cervix (modified Bishops score of 4 or less) in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Dhaka Medical college Hospital during the period between February 2003 and March 2004. The mode of delivery did not vary significantly between the two groups. Mean induction delivery interval, mean doses of misoprostol, number of women delivered within 24 hours, oxytocin requirement and mean time to delivery were nearly similar in the two groups. Only nulliparous women in oral group took longer time to deliver than vaginal group though it was not statistically significant. The mode of delivery also did not differ significantly. The proportion of emergency caesarean section was high in vaginal group than oral group. Neonatal outcome was satisfactory and the results were comparable.
(J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 44-49)
Job control, substantive complexity, and risk for low birth weight and preterm delivery: An analysis from a state birth registry
Authors: Meyer John D. , Warren Nicholas , Reisine Susan 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBackgroundIndices of job strain have demonstrated a variable relationship to low birth weight (LBW) and prematurity, with conflicting study results. This study sought to examine the associations of psychosocial work environment characteristics with adverse pregnancy outcomes using and comparing the demand‐control model and job attributes derived from the O*NET.MethodsJob characteristics were imputed to maternal occupation recorded in the 2000 Connecticut state birth registry for 26,408 singleton births, using scores for psychological job demands, control, and physical demands derived from the Job Content Questionnaire, and for substantive complexity of work and physical demands using variables derived from O*NET job attributes. Odds ratios for LBW and preterm delivery were estimated while controlling for relevant covariates.ResultsHigh psychological demands were not associated with pregnancy outcomes, while high physical demand scores from the O*NET were associated with LBW. Associations of term‐ and all‐LBW with both low control and low substantive complexity were attenuated by adjustment for educational and demographic covariates. A gradient with lower scores was seen for term LBW and substantive complexity, and for prematurity and control. Both constructs were correlated with maternal education.ConclusionsThese results suggest that low maternal job control and substantive complexity may be modestly associated with LBW and, to a lesser extent, prematurity. A greater association with control may explain why a weak link of birth outcomes to high‐strain work has been noted in past studies. Observed associations with occupational are reduced after adjustment for relevant confounding variables, in particular educational level and race/ethnicity. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:664–675, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Persistent upper airway obstruction is a diagnostic feature of spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations (Hall type) with further evidence for dominant inheritance
Authors: Park Soo‐Mi , Hall Christine M. , Gray Roger , Firth Helen V. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasias (SEMD) are a group of skeletal dysplasias of variable severity with a heterogeneous genetic aetiology. SEMD with multiple dislocations (Hall type) is a recently identified disorder (OMIM 603546) which is characterized by striking epiphyseal and metaphyseal changes of the long bones and joint laxity with multiple dislocations of the large joints. We report on persistent inspiratory stridor in a child with this type of SEMD in the second reported family with dominant transmission of this disorder. Microlaryngoscopy showed laryngeal stenosis due to failure of abduction of the vocal cords and a tracheostomy was required to provide a satisfactory airway. Since airway compromise has been reported previously in a small series of patients (total of five out of 13 cases so far), the evidence to date supports the association of upper airway obstruction in early childhood with the Hall type of SEMD. We therefore suggest that this is a clinically important diagnostic feature of this disorder. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebellar atrophy in Schimke‐immuno‐osseous dysplasia
Authors: Lücke Thomas , Clewing Johanna M. , Boerkoel Cornelius F. , Hartmann Hans , Das Anibh M. , Knauth Michael , Becker Hartmut , Donnerstag Frank 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSchimke‐immuno‐osseous dysplasia is an autosomal‐recessive multisystem disorder with the prominent clinical features disproportionate growth failure, progressive renal failure, and T‐cell immunodeficiency. Neurological symptoms caused by transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) and strokes are a typical clinical finding in severe SIOD. Cerebral ischemia and white matter changes, moyamoya phenomena and absence of a cerebellar hemisphere and partial absence of the cerebellar vermis have been described in patients with severe SIOD. We present three SIOD patients with atrophy of the caudal parts of the cerebellar vermis (posterior lobule) and of the cerebellar hemispheres. We hypothesize that these cerebellar abnormalities are a continuum of the ongoing vascular disease in severe SIOD. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mining opinions from the Web: Beyond relevance retrieval
Authors: Ku Lun‐Wei , Chen Hsin‐Hsi 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDocuments discussing public affairs, common themes, interesting products, and so on, are reported and distributed on the Web. Positive and negative opinions embedded in documents are useful references and feedbacks for governments to improve their services, for companies to market their products, and for customers to purchase their objects. Web opinion mining aims to extract, summarize, and track various aspects of subjective information on the Web. Mining subjective information enables traditional information retrieval (IR) systems to retrieve more data from human viewpoints and provide information with finer granularity. Opinion extraction identifies opinion holders, extracts the relevant opinion sentences, and decides their polarities. Opinion summarization recognizes the major events embedded in documents and summarizes the supportive and the nonsupportive evidence. Opinion tracking captures subjective information from various genres and monitors the developments of opinions from spatial and temporal dimensions. To demonstrate and evaluate the proposed opinion mining algorithms, news and bloggers' articles are adopted. Documents in the evaluation corpora are tagged in different granularities from words, sentences to documents. In the experiments, positive and negative sentiment words and their weights are mined on the basis of Chinese word structures. The f‐measure is 73.18% and 63.75% for verbs and nouns, respectively. Utilizing the sentiment words mined together with topical words, we achieve f‐measure 62.16% at the sentence level and 74.37% at the document level.
DIN 1052:2004 – Neue Grundlagen für Entwurf, Berechnung und Bemessung von Holzbauwerken – Teil 1: Material‐ und Werkstoffverhalten
Authors: Lißner Karin , Rug Wolfgang , Steinmetz Dieter 
Published: August 2007

AbstractEs werden die Materialeigenschaften von Holz als ein biologisches Material, welches im Wald entsteht, beschrieben. Bauholz ist ein nichthomogenes Material, das wachstumsbedingte Fehler in Form von sten, einem nichtparallelen Faserverlauf usw. enthält. Daraus folgend werden die nichthomogenen Eigenschaften, der Einfluß von Fehlern auf die Festigkeitseigenschaften, die Bedeutung der Holzfeuchte und der Festigkeitssortierung sowie die Prinzipien der Dauerhaftigkeit behandelt.
Logistik im Verkehrswegebau – elektronischer Bautagesbericht und Lieferschein als Bestandteil einer prozessorientierten Restrukturierung
Authors: Hildebrand Wolf‐Christian , Sparmann Jochen 
Published: August 2007

AbstractDie Unterstützung durch Informations‐ und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) während der Auftragsabwicklung im Verkehrswegebau führt nachhaltig zu einer Modernisierung der Bauabläufe und zur Steigerung der Effizienz. Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschreibt zunächst die Prozessorientierung unter Zuhilfenahme von Informations‐ und Kommunikationstechnologien im Verkehrswegebau unter besonderer Berücksichtung des Bautagesberichts und der Lieferscheine.Anhand erster Untersuchungsergebnisse in Bezug auf die Auswirkungen der Implementierung von elektronischen Bautagesberichten und Lieferscheinen im Verkehrswegebauunternehmen EUROVIA wird gezeigt, dass die mit der Bauausführung verbundenen Prozesse effizienter sind und durch die Prozessorientierung eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Qualität der Daten erreicht werden kann.
Synthesis, Aggregation and Cellular Investigations of Porphyrin–Cobaltacarborane Conjugates
Authors: Hao Erhong , Sibrian‐Vazquez Martha , Serem Wilson , Garno Jayne C. , Fronczek Frank R. , Vicente M. Graça H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA new series of porphyrin‐cobaltacarborane conjugates (1–5) that contain four to sixteen carborane clusters per porphyrin macrocycle, were prepared in excellent yields (90–97 %) by means of a ring‐opening reaction of the zwitterionic cobaltacarborane [3,3′‐Co(8‐C4H8O2‐‐1,2‐C2B9H10)(1′,2′‐C2B9H11)]. The X‐ray structure of one conjugate (3) is presented. The aggregation properties of these conjugates were investigated by using absorption and fluorescence spectrophotometry, and the stages of microcrystal formation were captured by using atomic force microscopy. All conjugates were found to aggregate in aqueous solutions, to form a broad dispersity of particle sizes. The cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and preferential sites of subcellular localization of this series of conjugates were evaluated in human carcinoma HEp2 cells. The extent of conjugate cellular uptake depends on the number of cobaltacarborane units at the porphyrin periphery, their distribution, and the conjugate aggregation behavior. Conjugates 2 and 4, bearing either two adjacent or three 3,5‐dicobaltacarboranephenyl groups, accumulated the most within HEp2 cells and are, therefore, the most promising boron neutron capture therapy agents. All conjugates showed very low dark‐ and photo‐toxicity, probably due to their strong tendency for aggregation in aqueous solutions, and localized subcellularly within vesicles that correlated, to some extent, with the cell lysosomes.