bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does school management team empowerment relate to teachers' organizational citizenship behavior? A moderated mediation model
Authors: Birani-Nasraldin Dalia , Somech Anit , Bogler Ronit 
Published: March 2024

PurposePrevious studies have examined the empowerment of individual teachers, while neglecting the fact that such a phenomenon might grow within a team. Building on the crossover model and social exchange theory, the aim of this study is to explore whether team empowerment among school management teams (SMTs), is transmitted to the school level and affects schoolteachers' job satisfaction and thereby schoolteachers' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Furthermore, we explored whether those relationships are moderated by team-member exchange (TMX) relationships.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 86 principals, 357 SMT members and 683 schoolteachers from 86 schools.FindingsResults confirmed the mediating role of schoolteachers' job satisfaction, showing a positive relationship between SMT empowerment and schoolteachers' job satisfaction, and between job satisfaction and OCB. The moderation of TMX and the overall moderated mediation hypotheses were not supported.Research limitations/implicationsThe nature of data collected in the current study precludes any inference concerning the direction of casual links among the study constructs. Therefore, longitudinal studies could be designed, aimed at confirming the direction of links among the variables.Practical implicationsThe findings reinforce the impact of schoolteachers' job satisfaction on achieving OCBs. Hence, SMT members carry the responsibility to cultivate satisfied schoolteachers through schools' support mechanisms and guidance in order to achieve schoolteachers' OCB.Originality/valueThe study identifies SMT empowerment as a key factor that may indirectly encourage schoolteachers to invest in OCBs through positive attitudes of schoolteachers' job satisfaction.
Response of Odonata assemblages to disturbance in urban freshwater habitats
Authors: Badu Isaac Kwame , Combey Rofela , Abraham John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUrbanisation continues to increase at an alarming rate and its effects on the natural environment are very profound now more than ever. Moreover, studies on terrestrial urban landscapes seems to be more than that on urban freshwater habitats. Furthermore, studies have shown that the Odonata are effective indicators of the effects of urbanisation on freshwater habitats. However, not much is known about their responses to urbanisation in sub‐Saharan Africa, especially given the unique set of conditions that characterise the area. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate differences in Odonata responses, measured as the proportion of habitat generalists, to three levels of habitat disturbance in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. Results showed that Phaon camerunensis was a potential indicator of habitat disturbance. Also, differences in habitat disturbance significantly affected Odonata composition. The most important variables that influenced Odonata responses were the individual and interaction effects of altitude and preservation of riparian vegetation. Therefore, conservation strategies that are targeted at reducing the impacts of urbanisation on Odonata must focus on these variables.
Association between inflammation and post‐intensive care syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Docherty C. , Page C. , Wilson J. , Ross P. , Garrity K. , Quasim T. , Shaw M. , McPeake J. 
Published: March 2024

SummaryPost‐intensive care syndrome describes the physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms which persist following critical illness. At present there is limited understanding of the pathological mechanisms contributing to the development of post‐intensive care syndrome. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise current evidence exploring the association between inflammation and features of post‐intensive care syndrome in survivors of critical illness. Relevant databases were systematically searched for studies of human participants exposed to critical illness. We sought studies that reported results for biomarkers with an identified role in the pathophysiology of inflammation obtained at any time‐point in the patient journey and an outcome measure of any feature of post‐intensive care syndrome at any point following hospital discharge. We included 32 studies, with 23 in the primary analysis and nine in a brain injury subgroup analysis. In the primary analysis, 47 different biomarkers were sampled and 44 different outcome measures were employed. Of the biomarkers which were sampled in five or more studies, interleukin‐8, C‐reactive protein and interleukin‐10 most frequently showed associations with post‐intensive care syndrome outcomes in 71%, 62% and 60% of studies, respectively. There was variability in terms of which biomarkers were sampled, time‐points of sampling and outcome measures reported. Overall, there was mixed evidence of a potential association between an inflammatory process and long‐term patient outcomes following critical illness. Further high‐quality research is required to develop a longitudinal inflammatory profile of survivors of critical illness over the recovery period and evaluate the association with outcomes.
Climate change in pest risk assessment: Interpretation and communication of uncertainties
Authors: Bradshaw Catherine , Eyre Dominic , Korycinska Anastasia , Li Christine , Steynor Anna , Kriticos Darren 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe prevailing climatic conditions found in a region are the primary determinant of the suitability of that area to support pests and diseases. Pest risk assessment is the primary biosecurity tool used to assess that suitability, but the changing climatic conditions owing to greenhouse gas emissions are rarely considered. Future changes in temperature and rainfall patterns may make the environmental suitability of a region more or less favourable for existing populations and cause populations to move to other regions where those pests and diseases may not be established. Future projections of climate change are uncertain, which makes it challenging to incorporate climate change into pest risk analysis, but aspects of human psychology can help us think about how to communicate the risks within the constraints of those uncertainties more effectively. Here we review the broad trends, magnitude and uncertainties of climate change, and the interpretation of climate change scenarios, and make recommendations for appropriate framing and communication of the future risks posed by climate change within pest risk assessments.
International collaboration to assess and manage the impacts of climate change on plant health in the framework of the International Plant Protection Convention
Authors: Eyre Dominic , André Erika Mangili , Castro Karen , Dale Christopher , Fowler Glenn , Hess Bastian , Lamb Victoria , Ngatoko Ngatoko , Nuamah Hannah Serwaa Akoto 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAs part of the 2020–2030 strategic framework for the International Plant Protection Convention, a focus group on climate change was established in 2021. The focus group includes scientists and plant health officials from around the world. The group has been raising awareness of the importance of climate change to plant health, promoting the consideration of climate change in all IPPC activities and drafting technical resources for NPPOs. The group is due to continue its activities until 2025.
Climate change reduces long‐term population benefits from no‐take marine protected areas through selective pressures on species movement
Authors: Caughman Alicia M. , Gaines Steven D. , Bradley Darcy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMarine protected areas (MPAs) are important conservation tools that confer ecosystem benefits by removing fishing within their borders to allow stocks to rebuild. Fishing mortality outside a traditionally fixed MPA can exert selective pressure for low movement alleles, resulting in enhanced protection. While evolving to move less may be useful for conservation presently, it could be detrimental in the face of climate change for species that need to move to track their thermal optimum. Here, we build a spatially explicit simulation model to assess the impact of movement evolution in and around static MPAs resulting from both fishing mortality and temperature‐dependent natural mortality on conservation benefits across five climate scenarios: (i) linear mean temperature shift, (ii) El Niño/La Niña conditions, (iii) heat waves, (iv) heatwaves with a mean temperature shift, and (v) no climate change. While movement evolution allows populations within MPAs to survive longer, we find that over time, climate change degrades the benefits by selecting for higher movement genotypes. Resulting population declines within MPAs are faster than expected based on climate mortality alone, even within the largest MPAs. Our findings suggest that while static MPAs may conserve species for a time, other strategies, such as dynamic MPA networks or assisted migration, may also be required to effectively incorporate climate change into conservation planning.
Climate change disrupts the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient cycling in an alpine ecosystem
Authors: Broadbent Arthur A. D. , Newbold Lindsay K. , Pritchard William J. , Michas Antonios , Goodall Tim , Cordero Irene , Giunta Andrew , Snell Helen S. K. , Pepper Violette V. L. H. , Grant Helen K. , Soto David X. , Kaufmann Ruediger , Schloter Michael , Griffiths Robert I. , Bahn Michael , Bardgett Richard D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nutrient demands is crucial for efficient ecosystem nutrient cycling and plant production, especially in strongly seasonal alpine ecosystems. Yet, how these seasonal nutrient cycling processes are modified by climate change and what the consequences are for nutrient loss and retention in alpine ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we explored how two pervasive climate change factors, reduced snow cover and shrub expansion, interactively modify the seasonal coupling of plant and soil microbial nitrogen (N) cycling in alpine grasslands, which are warming at double the rate of the global average. We found that the combination of reduced snow cover and shrub expansion disrupted the seasonal coupling of plant and soil N‐cycling, with pronounced effects in spring (shortly after snow melt) and autumn (at the onset of plant senescence). In combination, both climate change factors decreased plant organic N‐uptake by 70% and 82%, soil microbial biomass N by 19% and 38% and increased soil denitrifier abundances by 253% and 136% in spring and autumn, respectively. Shrub expansion also individually modified the seasonality of soil microbial community composition and stoichiometry towards more N‐limited conditions and slower nutrient cycling in spring and autumn. In winter, snow removal markedly reduced the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio, soil N pools and shifted bacterial community composition. Taken together, our findings suggest that interactions between climate change factors can disrupt the temporal coupling of plant and soil microbial N‐cycling processes in alpine grasslands. This could diminish the capacity of these globally widespread alpine ecosystems to retain N and support plant productivity under future climate change.
How effective is simple mechanical wound debridement in reducing bacterial colonisation? Results of a prospective clinical study
Authors: Moelleken Maurice , Krimphove Sebastian Heinrich , Krefting Frederik , Benson Sven , Rammos Christos , Cyrek Anna Ewa , Dissemond Joachim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and aims: Bacteria in wounds can lead to stagnation of wound healing as well as to local or even systemic wound infections up to potentially lethal sepsis. Consequently, the bacterial load should be reduced as part of wound treatment. Therefore, the efficacy of simple mechanical wound debridement should be investigated in terms of reducing bacterial colonisation. Patients and methods: Patients with acute or chronic wounds were assessed for bacterial colonisation with a fluorescence camera before and after mechanical wound debridement with sterile cotton pads. If bacterial colonisation persisted, a second, targeted wound debridement was performed. Results: A total of 151 patients, 68 (45.0%) men and 83 (55.0%) women were included in this study. The male mean age was 71.0 years and the female 65.1 years. By establishing a new analysis method for the image files, we could document that the bacterial colonised areas were distributed 21.9% on the wound surfaces, 60.5% on the wound edges (up to 0.5 cm) and 17.6% on the wound surroundings (up to 1.5 cm). One mechanical debridement achieved a significant reduction of bacterial colonised areas by an average of 29.6% in the wounds, 18.9% in the wound edges and 11.8% in the wound surroundings and was increased by performing it a second time. Conclusions: It has been shown that even a simple mechanical debridement with cotton pads can significantly reduce bacterial colonisation without relevant side effects. In particular, the wound edges were the areas that were often most contaminated with bacteria and should be included in the debridement with special attention. Since bacteria remain in wounds after mechanical debridement, it cannot replace antimicrobial therapy strategies, but offer a complementary strategy to improve wound care. Thus, it could be shown that simple mechanical debridement is effective in reducing bacterial load and should be integrated into a therapeutic approach to wounds whenever appropriate.
New northerly limit for the sharptail mola in the northeast Atlantic: first sighting of Masturus lanceolatus in the northeast Irish Sea
Authors: Quigley Declan T. G. , Phillips Natasha D. , Thys Tierney M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe ocean sunfishes are currently represented by five species within three genera: Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758), Mola alexandrini (Ranzani, 1839), Mola tecta (Nyegaard, Sawai, Gemmell, Gillum, Loneragan, Yamanoue & Stewart, 2017) (Sawai et al., 2018), Masturus lanceolatus (Lienard, 1840), and Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776). Growing conservation concerns have led to an ongoing re‐examination of their classification status on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red Lists, a process requiring the latest data to best support their conservation management on a global scale. Here we report the first sighting of Masturus lanceolatus in the northeast Irish Sea, representing a new northerly range limit for this species in the northeast Atlantic. The species is more commonly reported in tropical seas, and in the Western Atlantic they occur from North Carolina in the United States to southeast Brazil. This sighting increases the most northerly range limit by 2610 km, providing additional insight into the ecology and potentially changing distribution of this generally considered tropical megafaunal species.
Assessing the accuracy of race‐and‐ethnicity data in the Outcome and Assessment Information Set
Authors: Martino Steven C. , Elliott Marc N. , Haas Ann , Peltz Alon , Saliba Debra , Hassan Sapha , Rothenberg Eve , Keshawarz Amena , Rushkin Megan , Gildner Jennifer , Orr Nathan , Hager Melissa , Myers Raquel , Kiser Randall , Bernheim Susannah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimitations in the quality of race‐and‐ethnicity information in Medicare's data systems constrain efforts to assess disparities in care among older Americans. Using demographic information from standardized patient assessments may be an efficient way to enhance the accuracy and completeness of race‐and‐ethnicity information in Medicare's data systems, but it is critical to first establish the accuracy of these data as they may be prone to inaccurate observer‐reported or third‐party‐based information. This study evaluates the accuracy of patient‐level race‐and‐ethnicity information included in the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) submitted by home health agencies.MethodsWe compared 2017–2022 OASIS‐D race‐and‐ethnicity data to gold‐standard self‐reported information from the Medicare Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems® survey in a matched sample of 304,804 people with Medicare coverage. We also compared OASIS data to indirect estimates of race‐and‐ethnicity generated using the Medicare Bayesian Improved Surname and Geocoding (MBISG) 2.1.1 method and to existing Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administrative records.ResultsCompared with existing CMS administrative data, OASIS data are far more accurate for Hispanic, Asian American and Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and White race‐and‐ethnicity; slightly less accurate for American Indian or Alaska Native race‐and‐ethnicity; and similarly accurate for Black race‐and‐ethnicity. However, MBISG 2.1.1 accuracy exceeds that of both OASIS and CMS administrative data for every racial‐and‐ethnic category. Patterns of inconsistent reporting of racial‐and‐ethnic information among people for whom there were multiple observations in the OASIS and Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) datasets suggest that some of the inaccuracies in OASIS data may result from observation‐based reporting that lessens correspondence with self‐reported data.ConclusionsWhen health record data on race‐and‐ethnicity includes observer‐reported information, it can be less accurate than both true self‐report and a high‐performing imputation approach. Efforts are needed to encourage collection of true self‐reported data and explicit record‐level data on the source of race‐and‐ethnicity information.
Augmented mannose‐binding lectin levels in primary membranous nephropathy: A pilot study
Authors: Pal Deeksha , Inamdar Neeraj , Kaur Prabhjot , Singhal Manphool , Lal Anupam , Gorsi Ujjwal , Nada Ritambhra , Kohli Harbir S. , Kumar Vinod , Ramachandran Raja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is evidence to suggest that M‐type phospholipase A2 (PLA2R) antibodies activate the mannose‐binding lectin (MBL) cascade, resulting in glomerular damage and proteinuria in patients with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN). Furthermore, there are few reports indicating that aberrant MBL activation is associated with endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis. While PMN is a common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome, and patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there is a lack of research that explores the factors that contribute to this condition. This study aims to determine the MBL levels in PMN and their relation to the clinical activity and endothelial dysfunction in PMN. The MBL levels of 22 biopsy‐confirmed PMN patients were assessed at baseline and after 6 months of immunosuppressive therapy. In order to evaluate endothelial dysfunction in PMN patients, flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD) was measured at baseline and after treatment. A total of 22 healthy controls were included in this study to measure MBL levels and FMD. A significant difference was observed between MBL levels in PMN patients and healthy controls (p < .01). MBL levels decreased significantly after immunosuppressive therapy (p = .04). The baseline MBL levels and FMD levels exhibited a strong correlation (Spearman correlation coefficient [ρ] = 0.51: p = .01). In conclusion, the study signals the activation of the MBL cascade and its association with endothelial dysfunction in PMN patients.
Duals of convolution thinned relationships
Authors: Jones M. C. 
Published: March 2024

In a recent article, J. Peyhardi gives a number of novel results related to quasi Pólya thinning which encompass a number of important mixture relationships between univariate discrete distributions. In this note, I explore the duals of the general results on convolution thinning given in Peyhardi's Theorem 1 in order to obtain new relationships and to gain new insights into old relationships. Some consequences—for integer‐valued autoregressive processes—and analogues—in the continuous case—are noted.
Memory/Active T-Cell Activation Is Associated with Immunotherapeutic Response in Fumarate Hydratase–Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Junru , Hu Xu , Zhao Junjie , Yin Xiaoxue , Zheng Linmao , Guo Jingjing , Chen Jianhui , Wang Yongquan , Sheng Xinan , Dong Haiying , Liu Xiaodong , Zhang Xingming , Liang Jiayu , Liu Haolin , Yao Jin , Liu Jiyan , Shen Yali , Chen Zhibin , He Zhengyu , Wang Yaodong , Chen Ni , Nie Ling , Zhang Mengni , Pan Xiuyi , Chen Yuntian , Liu Haoyang , Zhang Yaowen , Tang Yanfeng , Zhu Sha , Zhao Jinge , Dai Jindong , Wang Zilin , Zeng Yuhao , Wang Zhipeng , Huang Haojie , Liu Zhenhua , Shen Pengfei , Zeng Hao , Sun Guangxi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Fumarate hydratase–deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a rare and lethal subtype of kidney cancer. However, the optimal treatments and molecular correlates of benefits for FH-deficient RCC are currently lacking.

Experimental Design:
A total of 91 patients with FH-deficient RCC from 15 medical centers between 2009 and 2022 were enrolled in this study. Genomic and bulk RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed on 88 and 45 untreated FH-deficient RCCs, respectively. Single-cell RNA-seq was performed to identify biomarkers for treatment response. Main outcomes included disease-free survival (DFS) for localized patients, objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) for patients with metastasis.

Results:
In the localized setting, we found that a cell-cycle progression signature enabled to predict disease progression. In the metastatic setting, first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ICI+TKI) combination therapy showed satisfactory safety and was associated with a higher ORR (43.2% vs. 5.6%), apparently superior PFS (median PFS, 17.3 vs. 9.6 months, P = 0.016) and OS (median OS, not reached vs. 25.7 months, P = 0.005) over TKI monotherapy. Bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data revealed an enrichment of memory and effect T cells in responders to ICI plus TKI combination therapy. Furthermore, we identified a signature of memory and effect T cells that was associated with the effectiveness of ICI plus TKI combination therapy.

Conclusions:
ICI plus TKI combination therapy may represent a promising treatment option for metastatic FH-deficient RCC. A memory/active T-cell–derived signature is associated with the efficacy of ICI+TKI but necessitates further validation.