bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Různé aspekty fenoménu moci
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Hodek Viktor 
Published: April 2024

In my contribution, I focus attention on the phenomenon of power, which is the focus of my dissertation research on the topic: „The power of judicial power“. It can be safely said that the very word „POWER“ is surrounded by a veil of mystery and has a magical touch and evokes various feelings. However, this word is often mentioned rather in pejorative connotations. However, it is hard for anyone to deny that power has its „dangerous attraction“. In general, power as a social category is associated with a certain differentiation, hierarchization of society, expresses superiority and subordination. Bertrand Russel (1872–1970), an English mathematician and philosopher, considered power to be „a fundamental concept of the social sciences, just as energy is a fundamental concept of physics“. This phenomenon is therefore investigated by a number of social sciences. In my contribution, at least in theses and quotes, I will try to draw attention to the views of these sciences. The views of philosophy, sociology, political science and, of course, law will be discussed gradually, but also in a connected manner. Unfortunately, due to the scope of the contribution, it will not be possible to discuss psychological, economic, or theological aspects.
The problem of sovereignty according to Hans Kelsen and Luigi Ferrajoli
Authors:   University of Padua, Department of Public, International and European Law, Daldoss Ivan 
Published: April 2024

This contribution deals with the theme of ‘sovereignty’, especially state sovereignty, as a problematic concept that, from legal modernity onwards, falls into crisis and determines multiple aporias. According to the theoretical constructions of the two authors here considered in a diachronic key, Kelsen and Ferrajoli, it should be overcome in favour of an internationalist dimension of law, which can effectively guarantee the protection of fundamental rights and peace, thus approaching the horizon that Kant outlined at the end of the 18th century. This contribution will therefore set out several reasons why such a shift is desirable.
Periodická tlač
Authors:   Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Právnická fakulta, Munk Rastislav 
Published: April 2024

Act. no. 265/2022 Coll. on Press Publishers and the Register in the Field of Media and Audiovisual and on Amendments and addition of certain Acts (Publications Act) with effect from August, 1 2022 constitutes a long-awaited shift in the legislation in the field of periodicals in the Slovak Republic. While for a long time only printed matter of periodicals or other press, i.e., media in printed form, was considered periodicals, the Publications Act changed it. The aim of the article was to analyze the most fundamental shift in the field of periodicals in the Slovak Republic which occurred with the adoption of the Publications Act. The article directed attention exclusively to periodicals which understood press in its literal meaning i.e., in the Slovak republic periodical press or other press were for a long-time considered periodicals only if printed. In connection with the adoption of the Publications Act, there was a significant shift, as the Publications Act no longer defines periodical press but introduces new terms such as publication, periodical publication including scientific and professional periodical publication. The basic goal was to analyze the most fundamental shift in the field of periodicals according to the Press Act and to introduce a new legal regulation of periodical publications according to the Publications Act.
Rodový audit ako nástroj boja proti rozdieľom v odmeňovaní Islande a v Slovenskej republike
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave, Nevická Denisa 
Published: April 2024

The topic of gender audits in labor law is relatively heterogeneous in the European states. While in Iceland, gender audits are a common part of labor law culture, in the Slovak Republic it is a new phenomenon that has no basis in legislation. In the article, the author deals with the essentials of a gender audit as well as its use in labor relations in order to achieve equality in payment and a way to fight pay gap. Furthermore, the author analyzes the approach to gender audits in Iceland and the Slovak republic and points out their advantages as well as pitfalls. In the author’s opinion a gender audit is an effective tool promoting gender equality in the workplace and it should be one of the decisive criteria when providing subsidies from public funds, hence “forcing” the employers to ensure gender equality at workplace.
Povinné pojištění jako možné řešení odpovědnosti za činnost autonomních strojů
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Rosůlek Jan 
Published: April 2024

Today‘s regulation of liability for damage caused by an autonomous machine appears inadequate for the future. One of the variants discussed is the mandatory insurance of the autonomous machine. However, the question of who would be the person obliged to insure the autonomous machine needs to be resolved. In the case of tangible products, the owner of the autonomous system should be the liable person. Furthermore, a more appropriate solution seems to be to supplement the insurance with a guarantee fund. There is then a broader discussion of how the guarantee fund should be created and who should manage it.
Právní konceptualismus jako obecná teorie práva a jako společný jmenovatel pro další teorie
Authors:   Katedra evropského hospodářského práva Právnické a správní fakulty Univerzity v Lodži, Rzymowski Jakub 
Published: April 2024

Legal conceptualism is my original theory that explains the validity of law and answers the question of what the law is. The theory is based on the theory of universals as defined by Aristotle and Piotr Abelard. In my considerations, I also use the findings of the Czech ontologist, prof. Zbynek Fisher (Egon Bondy). The theory is ontological in nature. The basis of the theory is the concept that the rights that people are entitled to exist primarily in the mind of a person. These rights are at the same time the characteristics of the persons to whom they are entitled. Rights exist insofar as they manifest themselves in the specific rights of specific people. The theory was not so conceived, but it can serve as a common denominator for many known theories, for normativism, for Hart’s theory, for the theory of the law of nature, for positivist theories.
Vývoj obranných prostředků proti nařízení izolace nebo karanténního opatření v rámci epidemie onemocnění COVID-19
Authors:   Katedra správního práva a finančního práva Právnické fakulty Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci, Smrčková Gabriela 
Published: April 2024

Public health protection authorities are authorized to order isolations or quarantine measures for specific persons in accordance with Public Health Protection Act in justified cases. Such a procedure is regulated by The Administrative Code which, especially by those legal provisions relating to the issuing of decisions. On the basis of § 8a of The Pandemic Act, which is lex specialis to the Public Health Protection Act public health protection authorities are eligible to order the isolations or the quarantine measures arising from the disease Covid-19 as well. but in the form of an intervention, not in a form of a legal decision. Moreover § 8a of The Pandemic Act expressly excludes the application of the second and third part of The Administrative Code when ordering the isolations or the quarantine measure. In fact determining this legal form of that activity of the public health protection authorities is crucial for possible subsequent legal protection.
Konanie o vydaní súhlasu s inšpekciou
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Právnická fakulta, Katedra občianskeho práva, Sudzina Milan 
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the issue of issuing a decision giving consent to the inspection of buildings, premises or means of transport, which may be carried out by the Commission or the Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic. The purpose of the inspection is to provide evidence that a person has acted unlawfully in competition and that this evidence is intended to prove that person‘s liability. The procedure for issuing the consent to the inspection is regulated in Act no. 162/2015 Coll. Administrative Procedure Code as amended.
Důsledky nelegální práce v oblasti ochrany zdraví cizinců
Authors:   University of West Bohemia, Špatenková Renata 
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the performance of illegal work by foreigners and focuses on preventive and follow-up protection of health at work. During the performance of illegal work, the elements of protection can be fundamentally affected, which brings a number of negative consequences for foreigners. The article aims to highlight these consequences. The article deals in detail with the causes of illegal work and its legal regulation in the legal system of the Czech Republic. In particular, the reduced legal protection of the employee’s position as a weaker party to the contract is highlighted in the context of the lack of preventive health protection. The article also discusses work-related accidents and the most serious consequences for foreigners.
Slovenská republika ako právny štát s ohľadom na garanciu ľudských práv
Authors:   Univerzita Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici, Právnická fakulta, Václavová Veronika 
Published: April 2024

In the contribution we consider the question whether the Slovak Republic really fulfills all the attributes of the rule of law, which it is considered to be in accordance with the Constitution of the Slovak Republic. The article discusses the issue from the point of view of the guarantee of human rights; it is concretized on the rights of persons, or same-sex couples. The legal recognition and creation of a legal union of same-sex couples is an important human rights issue resolved within the framework of the right to private and family life, which is guaranteed by Art. 8 of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. We are of the opinion that the legal absence of recognition of the cohabitation of same-sex couples does not respect the human rights obligations of the Slovak Republic. We believe that as long as a certain right is granted to the majority, it should be a certainty for all, otherwise there is discrimination and at the same time disrespect for the codes that guarantee this. At the same time, discrimination against same-sex couples contradicts the declared model of a free and democratic society.
Legal aspects of the struggle against infectious illnesses in Austria-Hungary
Authors:   Doctoral School in the Social Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Wasik Izabela 
Published: April 2024

The article gives an overview of the main legal regulations in Austria-Hungary applicable to the struggle against infectious illnesses. Various legal acts were given out both by the central authorities, e.g. by the Ministry of the Interior, and at the level of the regional authorities, here in particular the circulars of the c.k. governorate should be mentioned. Of the various measures implemented, those aimed at putting an end to the epidemic as quickly as possible should be singled out in the first place. These included the information obligations of local authorities, especially municipal authorities, concerning the occurrence of individual disease entities and the need for regular cooperation in this area, e.g. with higher authorities, e.g. the county governor’s office, or also with military authorities. In addition, the aim was to create a separate place (building) in each municipality for isolating the patients. The procedure for carrying out disinfection, e.g. by means of instructions issued for this purpose, was worked out in details. Local authorities were obliged to work together closely with the district doctors. Reporting and information duties were also imposed on the district doctors. Remarkably meritorious in the struggle against epidemics was the Austrian Red Cross Society. The measures taken tried to respond to the real needs of the local population and sought to rectify any irregularities that occurred in practice, e.g. by drawing the attention of hospital authorities to the premature discharge of patients home. The possibility of testing objects that could potentially contain germs was also regulated in some details. It should also be emphasised that these aspects were not only used in medical law, but also in other areas of public law, e.g. the regulation of railway traffic or the operation of schools or prisons during epidemics. In addition, some obligations in the field of prevention of epidemics also applied to entrepreneurs, which were then verified when doctors made inspections.
Přehled vybraných kroků k přijetí eura v ČR
Authors:   Právnická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Žáček Ondřej 
Published: April 2024

After the potential decision to adopt the euro in the Czech Republic, it will be necessary to take a number of legislative and non-legislative steps. Firstly, the aim of the paper is to provide a basic overview of these steps, which are not limited to the mere fulfilment of the Maastricht convergence criteria. Secondly, the contribution will demonstrate that these steps will have their benefits and costs which should be taken into account already when deciding to adopt the euro. The paper ends with a summary of consequences of the aforementioned steps for the euro adoption process in the Czech Republic.
Is Task Analysis a Contributing Factor to Performance Analysis?
Authors: Moreira Miguel , Netas Rafaela , Niznikowski Tomasz , Peixoto César 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction.
With the evolution of sport, the level of athletes is increasing. To be able to win it is necessary to understand what factors influence performance in competition and training. Sports performance analysis has evolved in accordance with data collection in competition practice, with performance indicators related to actions connected to performance outcome.

Material and Methods.
We intend to verify the importance of task analysis in the performance analysis procedures. The review starts with task definition, then task analysis procedures and sports science application to finish with examples of performance analysis with task analysis.

Results.
Each task has one or more goals with actions to be carried out and with task, performer, and environment constraints that influence it. Task analysis is a methodology to have information about technique, productivity and safety that allows developing training programmes. Sports task analysis has a preparatory phase, a description (phase analysis), assessment, and an intervention. Performance analysis was based on biomechanical and notational analysis including performance indicators and afterwards reinforced with the ecological dynamics approach with an emphasis on the performer-environment relationship. Similarities between actions from different sports could be observed with performance analysis using task analysis (phase analysis with description of the segmental actions and mechanical principles).

Conclusions.
Performance task analysis could support evidence-based training programmes with a replication of key features and performance indicators in dry-land training tasks. Future research should identify task constraints and performance indicators with technological devices and make performance analysis more coach friendly.
Influence of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Belt Graduations on the Performance of Elite Female Combat Athletes
Authors: Santos Marco Antonio Ferreira Dos , De Albuquerque Maurício Clovis , Soto Dany Alexis Sobarzo , Aedo-Muñoz Esteban , Brito Ciro José , Pierantozzi Emanuela , Miarka Bianca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Introduction.
In Brazilian Jiu-jitsu (BJJ), match durations are determined by belt rank according to the rules. However, a detailed understanding of the dynamics in female matches across belt levels is lacking. Gaining this insight could refine training, better meeting the needs of female athletes at each progression stage. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comparative time-motion analysis of combat phases among elite female practitioners across different belt ranks.

Material and Methods.
The sample was composed of White (n = 60), Blue (n = 150), Purple (n = 108), Brown (n = 56), and Black (n = 48) belts. All combats were analyzed using a BJJ time-motion protocol according to the sequential actions of the combats (i.e., approach, gripping, attack, defense, transition, guard, mount, side control, low-intensity movements, and total time), p ≤ 0.05.

Results.
The main results indicated longer time in the black belt division vs. white and blue belts in low-intensity movements [170(63;311.6) s vs. 75.1(39.7; 201.9)s, and 93.1 (34.2; 168.7)s], defensive actions [31(10.2;76.6)s vs. 12.2(50.5; 22.4)s, and 22.4(11; 49.4)s], and approach actions [9.1(5.5;23.3)s vs. 5.2(2.5; 9.9)s, and 4.8(1; 12)s], respectively.

Conclusions.
No effects were observed in combat-determining domain actions such as gripping, transition actions, side control, and mount, even with differences in the rules, suggesting a progressive reduction in intensity accompanying the increase in total combat time as the rank in BJJ increases.
Nine Years After Garcia and Wei (2014): Bibliometric Overview of EFL Translanguaging
Authors: Agung Antonius Setyawan Sugeng Nur , Margana  , Ashadi  
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study provides reliable literature studies focusing on trends and recommendations that have a direct relationship under the issue of translanguaging practice in EFL throughout the time span of publications from 2014 to 2023.

Methods: The method used a comprehensive bibliometric analysis design as a novel method for gathering the body of contributions for the supplied research. The data was retrieved from Scopus and ScienceDirect scientific databases. This endeavour revealed 18 articles as the final set of data to be analysed after the data selection and sourcing, data retrieval and screening, data analysis, and conclusions processes. Publish or Perish, VOSviewer and other tools are utilized in four steps of the four steps of research procedure.

Results and Discussion: The trends expand beyond the two primary emphasis areas of teachers and pedagogy including students. Meanwhile, future study recommendations from those articles revolve around student and teacher development, instructional practice, hybrid courses, and socio-cultural identity.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by taking into account a new paradigm in studying bi/multi-lingualism in education after García and Wei coined the term "translanguaging practice" in 2014, a growing body of research has emerged from scholars worldwide. Conducting reliable literature studies focusing on trends and recommendations that have a direct relationship under the issue of “translanguaging practice in EFL” is becoming increasingly challenging and time-consuming. This study presents a concise summary the body of the contributions for the supplied research.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КОНЦЕНТРАТОВ И МИКРОПАРТИКУЛЯТОВ СЫВОРОТОЧНЫХ БЕЛКОВ НА ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КИСЛОМОЛОЧНОГО МОРОЖЕНОГО
Authors: Гурский  Игорь Алексеевич Гурский  Игорь Алексеевич , Творогова  Антонина Анатольевна Творогова  Антонина Анатольевна 
Published: April 2024

Кисломолочное мороженое характеризуется диетическими свойствами, пониженным содержанием лактозы и содержит полезную молочнокислую микрофлору. Совершенствование композиционного состава кисломолочного мороженого путем использования продуктов переработки побочного молочного сырья является актуальной задачей. Целью исследований являлось установление влияния на физико-химические показатели кисломолочного мороженого замены 50 % сухого обезжиренного молочного остатка на концентраты и микропартикуляты сывороточных белков. Установлено, что при использовании с этой целью концентратов сывороточных белков происходит увеличение содержания в продукте белка на 78 %, микропартикулята – на 29 %. Это свидетельствует об улучшении пищевой и биологической ценности продукта. Изменение качественного и количественного состава белка в мороженом привело к понижению динамической вязкости смеси в 1,3–2 раза и криоскопической температуры на 0,5 ºС. Введение сывороточных белков положительно сказалось на термоустойчивости. При использовании микропартикулятов скорость таяния снизилась с 1,23 % / мин до 0,8 % / мин, а падение первой капли замедлилось с 60 мин до 86 мин. Использование белковых компонентов не оказало отрицательного влияния на процесс сквашивания молочной основы, через 4 ч уровень титруемой и активной кислотности (118 ºТ и 4,9 ед. рН) существенно не отличался от ее значения в контрольном образце (120 ºТ и 4,9 ед. рН). Таким образом, проведенные исследования показали целесообразность замены в кисломолочном мороженом части СОМО на концентраты и микропартикуляты сывороточных белков при условии регулирования параметров технологического процесса в связи со снижением криоскопической температуры
ЛЮМИНЕСЦЕНЦИЯ ИОНОВ ЕВРОПИЯ(III) ВО ФТОРИРОВАННОЙ ИТТРИЙ-АЛЮМИНИЕВОЙ ОКСИДНОЙ МАТРИЦЕ
Authors: Худяков Александр Петрович , Омелько  Николай Александрович Омелько  Николай Александрович , Смагин Владимир Петрович , Затонская Лина Викторовна , Новоженов  Владимир Антонович Новоженов  Владимир Антонович 
Published: April 2024

Предметом рассмотрения многих научных работ являются оксиды иттрия и алюминия, а также сложные иттрий-алюминиевые оксидные композиции. Во многом, проявляемый к ним интерес определяется потребностью современной оптоэлектронной техники в материалах с улучшенными оптическими, физико-химическими и механическими свойствами. В подавляющем большинстве работ внимание исследователей сконцентрировано на индивидуальных оксидных фазах, а также фазах граната и перовскита. Исследование композиций сложного фазового состава ограничены, несмотря на потенциальные возможности их применения в качестве компактных люминесцентных сенсоров электромагнитного излучения и в ряде других применений. Люминесцирующие порошки сложного фазового состава на основе оксидов иттрия и алюминия при атомарном соотношении Y3+ : Al3+ = 3 : 5 нами синтезированы термическим разрушением активированных европием(III) гелеобразных систем, приготовленных на основе этилацетата (ЭА). Основными компонентами порошков в зависимости от состава исходных смесей и условий синтеза являются оксиды иттрия, европия, сложные оксиды иттрия и алюминия, а также оксифториды иттрия различного состава. Ионы Eu3+ формируют активаторные центры в структуре оксидных и оксифторидных фаз. Люминесценция порошков связана с возвращением 4f-электронов ионов Eu3+ из метастабильного 5D0 в основное электронное состояние. Возбуждение люминесценции происходит в результате перехода электронов из основного 7F0 в возбужденные электронные состояния, переноса энергии колебательного движения оксоанионной матрицы на возбужденные уровни энергии и перехода 2р-электронов ионов кислорода на вакантные 4f-орбитали ионов Eu3+. Изменения мультиплетности и интенсивности полос и их отдельных компонент в спектрах связаны с вхождением атомов фтора в состав европиевых активаторных центров и влиянием ионов Al3+ на их симметрию в фторированных иттрий-алюминиевых оксидных фазах. Искажение параметров элементарных ячеек подтверждает глубокое взаимодействие фаз, оказывающее влияние на симметрию и люминесценцию активаторных центров, которые начинают формироваться в результате сильного координационного взаимодействия солей в исходном растворе и далее в гелеобразной системе на основе этилацетата.