bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the shelf life of instant turmeric rice seasonings with various turmeric concentrations through Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT)
Authors: Jason Emmanuel , Romulo Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The utilization of spices has become one of the special features of Indonesian cuisine. The combination of spices used in the cuisine in the diverse community makes the complexity of Indonesian cuisine heritage. Turmeric rice or yellow rice is an Indonesian rice cuisine often consumed daily or in special festivities. The process and abundant material used for making this cuisine are quite complicated and time-consuming. Therefore, many food industries try to create ready-to-use yellow rice instant seasonings in form of paste or powder. From a commercial perspective, the shelf life of the product is very important. The shelf life of the product could be influenced by the number of ingredients used. In this research, the shelf life of instant turmeric rice seasoning with different turmeric concentrations was determined using Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) method. ASLT was conducted at temperatures of 25 °C, 35 °C, and 45 °C. The quality parameters (water content and organoleptic) were regularly checked for 28 days. The results showed that the shortest shelf life was observed in the sample with 6% turmeric (29.33 days) and the longest shelf life was the sample with 12% turmeric (34.72 days) at a temperature of 25 °C.
Utilization of soil ameliorant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve the growth of Lagerstroemia speciosa pers. in subsoil media
Authors: Arty Budi , Millang Syamsuddin , Dicky  , Chaerani Nurul , Handayani Triaty 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Planting media in nurseries still utilizes topsoil because it contains high nutrients and organic matter. However, the availability of topsoil in nature is limited due to mining activities or infrastructure construction. The topsoil alternative is subsoil, which is abundant in nature but less fertile. Subsoil fertility can be improved by adding soil ameliorants such as eggshell waste (ESW) with compost and inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). This research aims to analyze the growth response of Lagerstroemia speciosa with the combination of soil ameliorant and AMF in subsoil media. This research used a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern with two treatment factors: soil ameliorant and inoculation of AMF. The parameters observed were height, diameter, leaf greenness Index SPAD, biomass, shoot root ratio, and seed quality index of seedlings. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and if there was a significant effect, it was continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test at a 5% level. The research showed poor results in the growth of L. speciosa in subsoil media without treatment. The best treatment to increase the growth of L. speciosa is a combination of 10 g ESW, 20 g compost, and inoculation of AMF.
Growth response of Parapat mango growing in critical land catchment area of Lake Toba with input of compost briquettes and additional NPK fertiliser
Authors: Utomo Budi , Malau Kevin Marihot , Wahyudi Rizky , Dalimunthe Afifuddin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The catchment area of Lake Toba in Samosir Regency is dominated by steep, rugged, rocky topography with shallow solum. The low organic matter content in this area needs attention to increasing the ability to retain water in the soil so that the soil is not easily washed. Likewise, the addition of nutrients is very necessary to support plant growth. Not all plants can grow in this area, therefore the selection of Parapat mango plant types is important to increase the percentage of growth in this area. The aim of this research is to determine the use of a good dose of NPK fertiliser for the growth of mango seedlings, as well as the rehabilitation of areas on the outskirts of Lake Toba. In this study, a non-factorial randomised block design (RAK) was used with 6 treatments and 1 control, namely P0 without NPK fertiliser, P1 using a 50 gr NPK dose, P2 using a 100 gr NPK dose, P3 using a 150 gr NPK fertiliser dose, P4 using a 200 gr NPK dose, P5 using a 250 gr NPK dose, P6 using a 300 gr NPK dose, and in each treatment there were 5 repetitions. The results of using NPK fertiliser on mango plants (Mangifera indica L.) produced a significant effect on the number of leaves, leaf area, canopy area. When using a dose of 150 gr NPK fertiliser (P3) on media given organic compost fertiliser briquettes, the growth of mango (M. indica) showed the best results.
Dynamics of carbon stocks in mangrove ecosystems in the coastal area of Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Slamet Bejo , Rahmania Rini , Rahmila Yulizar Ihrami , Yulianti Mira , Suyadi  
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Efficient monitoring and management of carbon stores in mangrove forests are crucial for worldwide carbon sequestration endeavors. This study aims to analyze the carbon stock dynamics in the coastal mangrove forests of Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, utilizing remote sensing technologies. The assessment of mangrove carbon dynamics from 2013 to 2023 utilized satellite images from the Landsat 8 OLI. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform was employed to generate composite imagery and compute the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. Subsequently, these values were utilized to approximate the amount of biomass present above the ground’s surface. The research revealed significant fluctuations in carbon stock levels during the decade. The largest measured increase in carbon stock was 69.0772 tonnes per hectare, whereas the largest reduction was -73.8755 tonnes per hectare. Although there were intermittent periods of carbon stock rise, the general trend from 2013 to 2023 indicated a net decline of -2,170.321 tonnes. The results emphasize the necessity of employing sophisticated remote sensing technology to efficiently monitor and control carbon inventories. Despite occasional periods of heightened carbon sequestration, the general decrease highlights the difficulties in preserving and improving carbon storage in mangrove forests. This study highlights the significance of ongoing monitoring and focused management measures to reduce carbon losses and facilitate global carbon capture initiatives.
Effect of pre-drying time on plywood properties bonded with citric acid and maleic acid adhesives
Authors: Syukur Abdus , Syahfitri Alifah , Abdillah Imam Busyra , Aulia Muhammad Ilham , Amanda Putri , Augustina Sarah , Kusumah Sukma Surya , Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Adly , Sutiawan Jajang , Mubarok Mahdi , Hermawan Dede 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores the effects of pre-drying time on the physical and mechanical properties of plywood bonded with citric acid (CA) and maleic acid (MA) adhesives. Plywood was constructed using Jabon wood veneers arranged into three layers with 30 x 30 x 0.6 cm dimensions. The adhesives were applied at a spread rate of 140 g/m2, and the boards were hot-pressed at 190 °C for 10 minutes under a pressure of 5 MPa. The pre-drying time of the veneers was 0 and 12 hours at 80 °C was utilized before hot pressing. Physical properties tested included density, moisture content (MC), water absorption (WA), and thickness swelling (TS). In contrast, the mechanical properties tested were modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and tensile shear strength (TSS). The results showed that the pre-drying time significantly enhanced the mechanical properties, particularly for CA adhesive, which demonstrated higher MOE (66720 kg/cm2), MOR (265 kg/cm2), and TSS (7.09 kg/cm2). The density ranged from 0.43 to 0.49 g/cm³, MC from 5.92% to 9.70%, WA from 60.93% to 93.08%, and TS from 4.35 % to 7.07 %. The enhanced performance is attributed to chemical reactions during pre-drying, such as esterification, which improves bond strength and dimensional stability. These findings suggest that pre-drying time at 12 h combined with CA adhesive is an effective method to produce high-quality, eco-friendly plywood.
Bioinformatics approach of nitrifying microorganism genes from mangrove ecosystems
Authors: Mubaraq Alfian , Basyuni Mohammad , Sembiring Mariani , Aznawi Andi Aznan , Sivaipram Itchika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems have an ability to remove nitrogen facilitated by nitrifying microorganisms in the conversion of nitrogen in the nitrogen cycle. This study provides an overview of bioinformatics data from nitrifying microorganisms in mangrove ecosystems such as physical and chemical properties, secondary structures, and protein model predictions. Initial information about the genes used using the NCBI database found four functional genes that play a role in nitrification including amoA (HM235889), amoB (ON496751), nxrB (ON041430), and hzo (GQ331363). The four functional genes have important roles in the nitrogen cycle, including the amoA gene from ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA), amoB gene from ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nxrB gene from nitrite oxidizing bacteria, and hzo gene from anammox bacteria. The physical and chemical properties of the gene analyzed using Protparam computation and HNN secondary structure show that the gene with the longest gene length is HM235889 with a molecular weight of 52921. The secondary structure of the gene is also shown in this study. The protein model was predicted using the protein structure homology method using Phyre2 and SWISS-MODEL tools. Sequence identity in protein model prediction has a very high value of about 98% in HM235889, ON041430, and GQ331363. These two protein model prediction tools can help get a more accurate protein model. The bioinformatics approach that has been analyzed is expected to provide preliminary information for further research on nitrifying microorganisms that play a role in mangrove ecosystems.
Kerr self-focusing of few-cycle terahertz pulses in dispersive media
Authors: Ruan Jieya , Liao Guoqian , Xi Tingting , Zhang Xinyao , Xu Litong , Lu Xin , Li Yutong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Kerr self-focusing is one of the most common and fundamental nonlinear phenomena during high-power light pulses propagating through transparent media. It occurs usually when the pulse peak power exceeds a certain critical power and the Kerr nonlinearity overcomes the diffraction effect. In this paper, the nonlinear propagation of terahertz (THz) pulses in dispersive media is studied via numerical simulations. It is found that, for few-cycle THz pulses, the Kerr self-focusing is suppressed dramatically, and a substantially higher THz intensity than that defined by the well-known formula of self-focusing critical power is required to enable an observable spatial self-focusing behaviour. By theoretical modelling and numerically analysing the time-domain evolution of broadband THz pulses in media, the underlying physical cause is attributed to the dominance of the significant dispersion effect over the diffraction effect, resulting in that the Kerr nonlinearity competes with dispersion instead of diffraction. A modified analytical expression for the dispersion-mediated self-focusing critical intensity is derived and shows good agreement with simulation results. The influences of THz pulse and medium dispersion parameters on the THz propagation dynamics are systematically studied such as the THz cycle number, intensity, initial chirp and absolute phase as well as the medium group velocity dispersion, high-order dispersion and their sign. These results have important implications for the study of strong-field THz wave—matter interactions and THz nonlinear optics.
Micromorphology and damage characterization of vacuum brazed stainless steel joints with laser etched interfaces
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Huixin , Wang Yichuan , Li Nian , Wei Xinlong , Ling Xiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of laser etching on vacuum welded joints through organizational observation and shear testing. The residual stress in various sample structures during the brazing process was analyzed through the proposed FE models. The findings indicate that laser etching improves the wetting behavior of copper brazing material on AISI 304 stainless steel substrate. However, contrary to theoretical expectations, due to the melting and splashing of the base material during laser etching, loose stacked particles are formed. With the increase of laser etching times, the shear strength of brazed joints shows a gradual decline trend. The finite element results indicate that the microstructure formed by laser etching promotes the generation of thermal residual compressive stress and reduces residual tensile stress.
The impact of smart city pilots on ecological resilience: a perspective of five major urban agglomerations in eastern China
Authors: Ding Hui , Li Jiawen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is crucial to explore whether and how smart city pilots impact ecological resilience in the context of China’s high priority on ecological civilization and green development. In this study, we adopted the panel data of 58 cities in five major urban agglomerations in eastern China from 2005 to 2021 and used the time-varying difference-in-differences (DID) model and spatial DID model to empirically analyze the impact of smart city pilots on ecological resilience, their heterogeneity, and the spatial spillover effects. The main results are as follows: smart city pilots can substantially enhance urban ecological resilience, this conclusion still holds significantly after a series of robustness tests such as the parallel trend test, and the propensity score matching method. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of smart city pilots on ecological resilience is affected by infrastructure development and abundant resources. Compared with regional urban agglomerations and nonresource-based cities, the policy effects of national urban agglomerations and resource-based cities are relatively strong. However, smart city pilots have a negative spillover effect on ecological resilience of neighboring regions. The results of this study indicate the policy implications for the construction of smart cities and the enhancement of urban ecological resilience.
Refereeing the referees: evaluating two-sample tests for validating generators in precision sciences
Authors: Grossi Samuele , Letizia Marco , Torre Riccardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We propose a robust methodology to evaluate the performance and computational efficiency of non-parametric two-sample tests, specifically designed for high-dimensional generative models in scientific applications such as in particle physics. The study focuses on tests built from univariate integral probability measures: the sliced Wasserstein distance and the mean of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistics, already discussed in the literature, and the novel sliced KS statistic. These metrics can be evaluated in parallel, allowing for fast and reliable estimates of their distribution under the null hypothesis. We also compare these metrics with the recently proposed unbiased Fréchet Gaussian distance and the unbiased quadratic Maximum Mean Discrepancy, computed with a quartic polynomial kernel. We evaluate the proposed tests on various distributions, focusing on their sensitivity to deformations parameterized by a single parameter ε. Our experiments include correlated Gaussians and mixtures of Gaussians in 5, 20, and 100 dimensions, and a particle physics dataset of gluon jets from the JetNet dataset, considering both jet- and particle-level features. Our results demonstrate that one-dimensional-based tests provide a level of sensitivity comparable to other multivariate metrics, but with significantly lower computational cost, making them ideal for evaluating generative models in high-dimensional settings. This methodology offers an efficient, standardized tool for model comparison and can serve as a benchmark for more advanced tests, including machine-learning-based approaches.
Fear of Flaying
Authors: Telò Mario 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the third chapter of Regarding the Pain of Others, Sontag lingers on the aesthetic troubles of visual horrorism, of the voyeuristic representation of extreme pain, which she casts as one of the legacies of classical antiquity. The ‘hard-to-look-at cruelties’ handed down to us by classical literature and art interpellate us, says Sontag, with ‘just the provocation: can you look at this?’ This chapter speculates on the meaning of this ‘provocation’, an irresistible call, or an insistent temptation, to which Sontag’s writing jouissantly succumbs through the disavowed act of looking that she performs by repeatedly (and disingenuously) confessing her inability or unwillingness to enjoy the horroristic spectacle. This form of surrendering is a manifestation of tragic anti-catharsis. The chapter illustrates this process with Sontag’s appeal to two extraordinary Renaissance paintings: Hendrick Goltzius’s The Dragon Devouring the Companions of Cadmus (1588) and Titian’s Flaying of Marsyas (1570–6). A devouring that resembles a kiss in the former painting, and a torture indistinguishable from amorous gazing and intimate contact in the latter, encapsulate not only the contradictions of Sontag’s writing on the pain of others, but more to the point, her tangential classicism, a mix of haptic attraction and rejection.
The Dream Machine
Authors: Jansen Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This essay delves into Sontag’s interviews, essays and diaries to explore the positionality and degree of influence that two classical authors, Plato and Lucretius, have in her thought. It begins by exploring Sontag’s regard for her personal library as a ‘maker of dreams’, as well as Mexican writer Carlos Fuentes’s appeal to Plato’s cave to describe the quasi-cinematic character of the associative strategies Sontag employs in her writings. With these visual frameworks in mind, the discussion turns to the role of Lucretius in Sontag’s early and late diaries. It argues that her treatment of the author of De rerum natura (DRN) displays various degrees of tangentiality, all which have import for her sense of the classics: in the early diaries, she touches briefly on the poet and his message to define moments in her personal experience and intellectual development; in the late diaries, meanwhile, his name becomes a spectral reference, as well as a project that will never be fulfilled. The examples of Lucretius and Plato point to the formation of a quasi-intangible classical tradition in Sontag’s oeuvre, discussed in the closing section, one that cast a light on a divergent history of classical antiquity in the intellectual preoccupations of mid- to late twentieth-century writing.
Epilogue
Authors: Jansen Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This epilogue first brings the preceding essays together, drawing attention to the brand of tangential classicism uncovered in the volume. It then turns to a key archaeological metaphor in Sontag’s thought, the sense that the culture of the new in her own time emerges ‘in the ruins of thought’ that begin with antiquity and culminate in the ‘supra visions’ of eighteenth-and nineteenth-century German philosophies. The Epilogue closes with a consideration of how this archaeological image also crucially informs Sontag’s tangential classics, as well as the implications that this could have for the study of classicisms in the oblique.
Prologue
Authors: Clifford Emily 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Prologue sets the scene by opening a comparative conversation across different cultures and media. After looking at two paintings of the death of Alcestis from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries—La mort d’Alceste, ou l’héroïsme de l’amour conjugal by Pierre Peyron and Hercules Wrestling with Death for the Body of Alcestis by Frederic Leighton—it turns to an ancient treatment of the myth in Euripides’ Alcestis. With the latter, it takes the reader back to Classical Athens, the defined culture that is the book’s focus. It ends with a question that sums up the book’s enquiry: how did figuring death help Athenians figure it out?
Angiogenesis during diabetic wound repair: from mechanism to therapy opportunity
Authors: Huang Kang , Mi Bobin , Xiong Yuan , Fu Zicai , Zhou Wenyun , Liu Wanjun , Liu Guohui , Dai Guandong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a pervasive chronic metabolic disorder, is often associated with complications such as impaired wound healing. Various factors, most notably vascular deficiency, govern the wound repair process in diabetic patients, significantly impeding diabetic wound healing; therefore, angiogenesis and its role in diabetic wound repair have emerged as important areas of research. This review aims to delve into the mechanisms of angiogenesis, the effects of diabetes on angiogenesis, and the association between angiogenesis and diabetic wound repair. This will ultimately offer valuable guidance regarding the ideal timing of diabetic wound treatment in a clinical setting.
The role of the gut microbiome and brain-liver-gut Axis in neurological disorders
Authors: Pan Li , Xie Lizheng , Yang Wenpei , Feng Shi , Mao Wenbao , Ye Lei , Cheng Hongwei , Wu Xiao , Mao Xiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, with the increasing volume of related research, it has become apparent that the liver and gut play important roles in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Considering the interactions among the brain, liver, and gut, the brain–liver–gut axis has been proposed and gradually recognized. In this article, we summarized the complex network of interactions within the brain–liver–gut axis, encompassing the vagus nerve, barrier permeability, immunity and inflammation, the blood–brain barrier, gut microbial metabolites, the gut barrier, neurotoxic metabolites, and beta-amyloid (Aβ) metabolism. We also elaborated on the impact of the brain–liver–gut axis on various neurological disorders. Furthermore, we outline several therapies aimed at modulating the brain–liver–gut axis, including antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and dietary interventions. The focus is on elucidating possible mechanisms underlying neurological disorders pathogenesis and identifying effective treatments that are based on our understanding of the brain–liver–gut axis.