bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Type II Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anaemia and von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Hernandez P. , Almagro D. , Corral J. F. , Opolski A. , Sanchez J. A. , Rodríguez N. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. In a patient with a history of anaemia, jaundice and splenomegaly, the bone marrow showed erythropoietic hyperplasia with 20% of multinucleated erythroblasts. His red cells gave high agglutination scores with anti‐i, and haemolysis tests with acidified iso‐group sera were positive.A type II congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia was diagnosed in this patient and this was shown to be associated with von Willebrand's disease. A brother of the propositus also had a positive acidified serum test and showed agglutination by anti‐i, but polynucleated erythroblasts were not found.
IgG Anti‐Lea
Authors: Holburn A. M. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. Five examples of human anti‐Lea were subjected to DEAE‐cellulose chromatography. In each case antibody activity was demonstrable in the IgG fractions by the binding of 125I‐Lea glycoprotein. The Lea specificity of these reactions was established by absorption experiments with red cells and with serum from donors of known Lewis phenotypes. Antibody activity was also detected in IgG concentrates of two anti‐Lea antisera by gel diffusion against Lea glycoprotein.Inhibition curves obtained in a radioimmunoassay system suggest that IgC anti‐Lea has a significantly lower binding constant than IgM anti‐Lea. Failure to detect anti‐Lea by serological techniques with red cells may be related to the low binding constant.
The Use of Chicken Serum for Measurement of Serum Vitamin B12 Concentration by Radioisotope Dilution: Description of Method and Comparison with Microbiological Assay Results
Authors: Green Ralph , Newmark Peter A. , Mussos Arturo M. , Mollin David L. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. A new method for the measurement of serum vitamin B12 concentration by radioisotope dilution is described in which chicken serum is used as the source of vitamin B12‐binding protein. The conditions for the assay were carefully selected on the basis of a thorough investigation of the factors affecting the critical steps in the radioisotope dilution assay for vitamin B12. The assay obeys the principle of radioisotope dilution, and gives reproducible results. The normal range for the method (400–1020 pg/ml) is higher than any previously reported normal range for a radioisotope method. Excellent discrimination was obtained between normal subjects and those with pernicious anaemia.The serum vitamin B12 levels measured by the chicken serum radioisotope dilution assay in 596 subjects were compared with the results of either Euglena gracilis or Lactobacillus leichmannii microbiological assay. The chicken serum method consistently gave higher results than either microbiological assay, but the difference was especially great in many post gastrectomy, pregnancy, polycythaemia Vera and cord sera. A definite cause for these differences was not established.
Beta‐Thalassaemia of Clinical Significance in Adult Jamaican Negroes
Authors: Ahern E. , Herbert R. , Mciver C. , Ahern V. , Wardle J. , Seakins M. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. Over a 9‐year period, three adult Negro patients with β‐thalassaemia of clinical significance were recognized out of approximately 185 000 new adult patients attending the University Hospital. These patients, aged 15–58 years, have clinical and haematological characteristics within the spectrum of β‐thalassaemia intermedia; which in this paper refers to phenotypes resulting from defects in β‐chain synthesis clinically intermediate between classical Cooley's anaemia and β‐thalassaemia trait, genetic classification being dependent on family study.Family studies established the presence of two β‐thalassaemia genes conclusively in one case (proposita, family A); presumptively in another (propositus, family C); while in the remaining subject (proposita, family B), who has two similarly affected siblings, homozygosity is suspected, but not proven by family study.In simultaneous 59Fe and 51Cr studies, estimates of effective erythropoiesis are in reasonable agreement with measurements of red cell destruction.
Advanced Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphomas: Response to Treatment with Combination Chemotherapy and Factors Influencing Prognosis
Authors: Roeser H. P. , Hocker G. A. , Kynaston B. , Roberts S. J. , Whitaker S. V. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. Response to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (COP) and specific factors influencing prognosis were evaluated in 70 patients with stage III or IV non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. Complete remissions (CR) were observed in 40% of patients, with a total response rate of 88%. The median duration of CR was 8 months, but 50% of patients were in continuing CR. High rates of CR were associated with: (a) well‐differentiated lymphocytic cytology, (b) tumour nodularity, (c) normal blood lymphocyte counts at diagnosis, and (d) disease stage IIIA. These same factors also showed a positive correlation with 5‐year‐survival rates from diagnosis.It is suggested that patients with advanced non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas do not form a homogeneous treatment group, but warrant a differential therapeutic approach based on the prognostic determinants stated above. The study provides further support for the prognostic usefulness of Rappaport's classification of these tumours.
Partial Myeloperoxidase Deficiency in a Case of Preleukaemia
Authors: Breton‐Gorius J. , Houssay D. , Vilde J. L. , Dreyfus B. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. A patient with a refractory anaemia preceding acute myeloblastic leukaemia had an increased susceptibility to infection due to Staphylococcus aureus. 36% of neutrophils lacked myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and, in vitro, these polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) had a defect of bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus.Cytochemical studies of phagocytosis with the electron miscroscope have shown that the degranulation of primary granules (MPO+ or MPO —) was normal after phagocytosis of Escherichia coli which were normally lysed.A defective destruction of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans was observed in some PMN with or without MPO activity, suggesting that MPO deficiency itself was not the only cause of this defect. In PMN which appeared normal, most MPO(+) granules were unable to fuse with the phagocytic vacuole containing intact germs even after 90 min of contact. There was, therefore, in addition to a partial MPO deficiency, a defect in cellular degranulation. This defect, the mechanism of which is unknown, may be in part responsible for the defective bacterial degradation.
Determination of the Packed Cell Volume using 131I‐Human Serum Albumin*
Authors: England J. M. , Down M. C. 
Published: March 2008

Summary. When trace quantities of labelled albumin have been added to blood, the packed cell volume (PCV) may be determined by isotope counting using the relationship: (plasma counts — blood counts)/(plasma counts). This method for measuring the PCV is not affected by plasma trapping between the red cells and the results do not depend upon the centrifugation conditions.The PCV determination with labelled albumin has a high precision (coefficient of variation = 0.9%) and there is very good agreement with the centrifugation PCV using Wintrobe tubes after this measurement has been corrected for plasma trapped between the red cells.No significant compression of the red cells occurred when the blood samples were centrifuged in Wintrobe PCV tubes.
A Method for Detecting Factor‐VIII Clotting Activity Associated with Factor VIII‐related Antigen in Agarose Gels
Authors: Bird Prudence , Rizza C. R. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.A method for detecting factor‐VIII clotting activity in agarose is described. It is based on factor VIII promoting coagulation in a mixture of haemophilic plasma in agarose which is detected by a change in opacity. When this test was used to detect factor‐VIII clotting activity in a one‐dimensional Laurell electro‐immunoassay for factor VIII‐related antigen all the factor‐VIII activity was found in the same position as the factor VIII‐related antigen immunoprecipitate. Factor‐VIII clotting activity did not appear to be simply trapped in this immunoprecipitate and therefore it has been concluded that the molecule containing factor‐VIII clotting activity carries factor VIII‐related antigen determinants.
A Computer Program for the Analysis of Parallel‐Line Bioassays of Clotting Factors
Authors: Williams K. N. , Davidson J. M. F. , Ingram G. I. C. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.An interactive computer program for the analysis of clotting factor assays is described. The program provides potency estimates against a standard, and will compare the observed and expected responses of a treated patient. Tests for validity of curve fitting are provided, with a number of optional transforms. If asked, the program will provide the user with a list of valid commands at any given step, and will identify certain errors in input.
In Vitro Labelling of Platelets: an Experimental Study on Healthy Asplenic Subjects using Two Different Incubation Media
Authors: Kutti Jack , Safai‐Kutti Soodabeh 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Duplicate platelet survival studies, using autologous platelets labelled in vitro with radioactive sodium chromate, were performed on six young healthy asplenic men. In the first experiment plasma, and in the second a Ringer‐citratedextrose (RCD) solution (Abrahamsen, 1968), was employed as incubation medium.The uptake of chromate by the platelets was about 2.5 times higher in the RCD compared to the plasma experiments. An identical pattern for the immediate behaviour of infused labelled platelets was observed in the duplicate studies, and the recovery of platelet‐bound radioactivity remained stable at the 90% level during 2 h post‐infusion. In these experiments the means for platelet mean life span (MLS) were identical, 7.2 ± 0.5 and 7.2±0.4 days, respectively. These values slightly, but not significantly, exceeded the mean platelet MLS for a control group consisting of 10 young healthy males (6.9±0.4 days). The means for platelet production rate (P) at the duplicate studies made on the asplenic subjects were 19±2 × 1010 and 21±2 × 1010 platelets per day, respectively, and did not differ from the mean for P obtained in the control‐group (22±2 × 1010).
Ferrokinetics and Erythropoiesis in Man: The Measurement of Effective Erythropoiesis, Ineffective Erythropoiesis and Red Cell Lifespan using 59Fe
Authors: Ricketts C. , Jacobs A. , Cavill I. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Existing ferrokinetic methods do not provide a direct and quantitative measurement of effective and ineffective red cell production. A new method is described for calculating the daily uptake of iron by maturing red cells and the mean red cell lifespan. Ineffective erythropoiesis and non‐erythroid iron turnover are also measured. The method involves standard laboratory techniques but the analysis requires access to a computer. The preliminary results suggest that it will be a clinically useful tool for the investigation of erythroid disorders.
Elevated Microviscosity in Membranes of Erythrocytes Affected by Hereditary Spherocytosis
Authors: Aloni B. , Shinitzky M. , Moses S. , Livne A. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Erythrocytes affected by hereditary spherocytosis (HS), obtained from several splenectomized patients, showed a varying degree of elevated osmotic fragility. In order to evaluate a possible role of the crythrocyte membrane lipids in HS, microviscosity of the membrane lipid core was measured by a fluorescence‐polarization technique. Intact HS‐affected red cells, as well as their ghost membranes and liposomes prepared from their lipid extract, all showed a distinctly higher microviscosity than the respective normal control. The increased microviscosity correlated with the severity of HS. The data support the proposition that the defect in HS‐affected red cells is associated, at least in part, with alterations in the membrane lipids.
Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase Variants from Italian Subjects Associated with Severe Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: Sansone G. , Perroni L. , Yoshida A. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Screening for the G6PD deficiency was carried out at the Maternity Division of the Galliera Hospital in Genoa, Italy. Two groups of subjects with hyperbilirubinaemia of non‐immunological origin were examined: (a) 302 newborn babies of Sardinian extraction (on cord blood) and (b) 201 newborn babies of south Italian ancestry (on peripheral blood). Among 503 subjects, 43 showed an enzyme deficiency; in 39 the defect was of the Mediterranean type. In one case, previously described, the enzyme was of the A type. In the remaining cases three different variants were identified.In the present work these three cases, each with severe neonatal jaundice, are reported. Their parents originated from Calabria, from Sardinia and from Sicily. The abnormal enzymes are respectively designated as GdDebrousse‐like, GdGallura and GdAgrigento.
A Simple Two‐step Isolation Procedure for Human and Bovine Antithrombin II/III (Heparin Cofactor): a Comparison of Two Methods
Authors: Thaler E. , Schmer G. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Human and bovine antithrombin II/III have been isolated by a simple procedure essentially using only affinity chromatography on heparin‐agarose and polyethylene glycol precipitation. An additional ammonium sulphate step removes polyethylene glycol and trace contaminants. The final preparation is homogeneous by SDS‐, disc‐ and agar slide electrophoresis. End group analysis of human antithrombin II/III shows histidine as the N‐terminal amino acid. The pure preparation showed both progressive antithrombin activity and heparin cofactor activity.
Heterogeneity of Rabbit Platelets
Authors: Freedman Michael L. , Karpatkin Simon 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Rabbits were either splenectomized or subjected to splenic blockade with phenylhydrazine in order to determine the splenic platelet and megathrombocyte (large‐platelet) pools. The average splenic platelet pool calculated from both methods was 35% of total platelets. The average splenic megathrombocyte pool was 54% of total megathrombocytes. Adrenaline injection into rabbits or dogs revealed a rapid increase in both platelet count and megathrombocyte number which peaked at 2–6 min and returned toward normal in 5–10 min. The platelet volume distribution curve was shifted to the right, indicating the release of large platelets (megathrombocytes) into the circulation. The peak rise in megathrombocyte number was significantly greater than the peak rise in platelet count. Rabbits subjected to splenic massage shifted their platelet volume distribution curve to the right in the absence of a rise in platelet count. It is concluded that the spleen preferentially sequesters megathrombocytes.
A Comparative Study of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia in Children and Adults
Authors: Ansari B. M. , Thompson E. N. , Whittaker J. A. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.The presenting features and clinical course of 89 adults and 15 children with acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) presenting to a Regional Leukaemia Centre has been analysed. Remission rate was related to age, being 40% for the total adult group and 60% for all children. Young adults and children had a particularly high remission rate, whilst elderly patients faired badly. Survival diminished with increasing age and patients who entered complete remission survived for a significantly longer time (P<0.001) than those who did not.Adult AML differs from childhood AML, the adults having a lower remission rate, a significantly shorter survival (P< 0.005) and almost complete absence of second remissions. Adults showed no correlation between complete remission and initial WBC or initial blast cell count, but in children there was a significant correlation (P<0.05) between initial total WBC and complete remission. A significant correlation between initial platelet count and complete remission could not be demonstrated in either group. Although the numbers of children are small, preadolescent children may represent a favourable sub‐group, particularly those between 7 and 8 years of age.
The Intracellular Content of the Three Transcobalamins at Various Stages of Normal and Leukaemic Myeloid Cell Development
Authors: Zlttoun J. , Marquet J. , Zittoun R. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.A study of the three serum transcobalamins (TC) in myeloproliferative disorders and acute leukaemia has suggested a granulocyte origin for the three binders; the later stages of this cell line might be releasing ‘TC I’and ‘TC III’while ‘TC II’which is increased in sera from patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia, probably originates at least in part from myeloblasts.The intracellular content of each TC has been studied in normal and leukaemic bone marrow cells after separation on a discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient. Myeloblasts contain a TC II‐like protein almost exclusively but promyelocytes contain a TC I‐like protein which increases as the cells mature whilst ‘TC II’decreases. A TC III‐like binder parallels ‘TC I’but appears later and reaches a maximum in the polymorphonuclear cells. In various types of leukaemia, abnormal TC distributions are related either to marrow replacement by the blast cells or to a disorder of the maturation process in the leukaemic cell line.
Binding of Vitamin B12‐Rat Transcobalamin II and Free Vitamin B12 to Plasma Membranes Isolated from Rat Liver
Authors: Fiedler‐Nagy Christa , Rowley George R. , Coffey J. W. , Miller O. N. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.When dialysed rat serum which contains a single, low molecular weight binder for vitamin B12, rat transcobalamin II (rat TC‐II), was labelled in vitro with 57Co‐vitamin B12 and then incubated at 30°C (pH 7.5) with vesicles of highly purified plasma membranes separated from microsomal fractions of rat liver by density gradient centrifugation, the 57Co‐vitamin B12‐rat TC‐II complex bound to high affinity sites on the vesicles via a specific (binding after correction for ‘nonspecific’binding in the presence of a large excess of the non‐radioactive complex), saturable, and reversible interaction. The apparent affinity constant for the binding reaction was 5.5 × 109 M‐ 1. Using the same incubation conditions, free vitamin B12 also bound to the vesicles of plasma membranes via a specific, saturable, but apparently irreversible interaction. Preincubation of the membranes with free vitamin B12 did not interfere with the subsequent binding of the vitamin B12‐rat TC‐II complex to the membranes; however, preincubation with the vitamin B12‐rat TC‐II complex did interfere, to some extent, with the subsequent binding of free vitamin B12. Dialysed rat serum, perhaps the free rat TC‐II in the dialysed serum, also inhibited the binding of the vitamin B12‐rat TC‐II complex to the plasma membranes. The relationship of the binding sites identified in this report to the absorption of vitamin B12 by rat liver, and thus their physiological significance remains unknown until further work is done, perhaps using intact hepatocytes.
Plasma Heparin Levels after Low Dose Subcutaneous Heparin in Patients Undergoing Hip Replacement
Authors: Brozović Milica , Stirling Yvonne , Abbosh J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.Plasma heparin levels were measured at 2 and 8 h after 5000 iu of heparin subcutaneously in 43 patients awaiting total hip replacement. At 2 h, 37 patients had plasma levels between 0.05 and 0.15 iu/ml, three patients had more than 0.2 iu/ml, and three had only trace levels. At 8 h, most patients had less than 0.1 iu/ml, and six patients had no detectable plasma heparin. There were no correlations between plasma heparin levels and age, sex, body weight or use of analgesics. Patients with high 2 h plasma heparin levels may bleed at operation, whereas those with very low plasma heparin concentrations may be at risk of post‐operative venous thrombosis; it may therefore sometimes be necessary to monitor plasma heparin levels in order to determine the optimal regime in individual cases.
Uptake of Transferrin‐Bound Iron by Rat Cells in Tissue Culture
Authors: Beamish M. R. , Keay L. , Okigaki T. , Brown E. B. 
Published: March 2008

Summary.The in vitro uptake of transferrin‐bound iron by rat liver cells and rat embryo cells in culture, and by rat reticulocytes, was studied using labelled rat serum.The uptake of iron by rat liver cells was linear with time and showed a curvilinear relationship with the serum iron concentration. Over 40% of the cell radioactivity was found to be ferritin associated. Incubation of rat transferrin doubly labelled with 59Fe and 125l showed a difference between the uptakes of the two isotopes suggesting reflux of transferrin from the cell after iron uptake. In order to compare iron uptake from half saturated (Tf‐Fe 1) and fully saturated (Tf‐Fe2) transferrin, the three cell systems were each incubated in sera labelled with 55Fe at 10% saturation and with 59Fe at varying iron saturations ranging from 10% to 90%. Similar experiments were performed with sera having been randomly labelled with 55Fe and labelled with 59Fe but preincubated with reticulocytes in order to produce iron bound to non‐reticulocyte orientated transferrin binding sites. The data obtained confirms the presence of a functional heterogeneity with respect to the half and fully saturated transferrin. Thus iron uptake from fully saturated transferrin was almost twice that for the half saturated molecule with rat liver cells or reticulocytes, and over three times that of the half saturated molecule with rat embryo cells. In contrast no such differences could be detected when iron uptake from serum randomly labelled with iron and serum with labelled non‐reticulocyte orientated binding sites were compared.Finally, the effect of pre‐incubating each of the three cell systems in unlabelled sera of varying percentage iron saturations on subsequent radio‐iron uptake was studied. An inverse relationship between percentage saturation of the preincubation serum and subsequent uptake was demonstrated indicating that cellular mechanisms also influence cell iron uptake.