bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive prenatal test identifies circulating cell-free DNA chromosomal abnormalities derived from clonal hematopoiesis in aggressive hematological malignancies
Authors: Giudice Valentina , Ianniello Monica , De Novellis Danilo , Pezzullo Luca , Petrillo Nadia , Serio Bianca , D’Addona Matteo , Della Corte Anna Maria , Rizzo Michela , Cuffa Bianca , Castaldi Maria Antonietta , Savarese Pasquale , Mori Alessio , Castiello Rosa , Fico Antonio , Savarese Giovanni , Selleri Carmine 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLiquid biopsy is a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for identification of tumor-related mutations in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). The aim of this study was to investigate feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) for identification of chromosomal abnormalities in cfDNA from a total of 77 consecutive patients with non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), or plasma cell dyscrasia. In this case series, half of patients had at least one alteration, more frequently in chromosome 6 (23.1%), chromosome 9 (20.5%), and chromosomes 3 and 18 (16.7%), with losses of chromosome 6 and gains of chromosome 7 negatively impacting on overall survival (OS), with a 5-year OS of 26.9% and a median OS of 14.6 months, respectively (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.0004). Moreover, B-cell lymphomas had the highest NIPT positivity, especially those with aggressive lymphomas, while patients with plasma cell dyscrasia with extramedullary disease had a higher NIPT positivity compared to conventional cytogenetics analysis and a worse outcome. Therefore, we proposed a NIPT-based liquid biopsy a complementary minimally invasive tool for chromosomal abnormality detection in hematological malignancies. However, prospective studies on larger cohorts are needed to validate clinical utility of NIPT-based liquid biopsy in routinely clinical practice.
Letermovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus in lung-transplant recipients: a comprehensive study with literature review of off-label use and real-world experiences
Authors: Hirama Takashi , Shundo Yuki , Watanabe Toshikazu , Ohsumi Akihiro , Watanabe Tatsuaki , Okada Yoshinori 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLetermovir, initially approved for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, has gained attention for off-label use in lung-transplant (LTx) recipients. Given the high susceptibility of LTx recipients to CMV infection, this study explores the effectiveness and safety of letermovir prophylaxis. A retrospective analysis of using letermovir for LTx recipients at Tohoku University Hospital (January 2000 to November 2023) was conducted. Case summaries from other Japanese transplant centers and a literature review were included. Six cases at Tohoku University Hospital and one at Kyoto University Hospital were identified. Prophylactic letermovir use showed positive outcomes in managing myelosuppression and preventing CMV replication. The literature review supported the safety of letermovir in high-risk LTx recipients. Despite limited reports, our findings suggest letermovir’s potential as prophylaxis for LTx recipients intolerant to valganciclovir. Safety, especially in managing myelosuppression, positions letermovir as a promising option. However, careful consideration is important in judiciously integrating letermovir into the treatment protocol.
Perception of Research Misconduct in a Spanish University
Authors: Feenstra Ramón A. , Carretero García Carlota , Gómez Nicolau Emma 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeveral studies on research misconduct have already explored and discussed its potential occurrence in universities across different countries. However, little is known about this issue in Spain, a paradigmatic context due to its consolidated scientific evaluation system, which relies heavily on metrics. The present article attempts to fill this gap in the literature through an empirical study undertaken in a specific university: Universitat Jaume I (Castelló). The study was based on a survey with closed and open questions; almost half the total population of the university’s researchers participated (505 out of 1030, i.e. 49.03%), yielding a representative sample of different academic career stages and areas of knowledge. Results show that 71.68% (n = 362) of the respondents consider at least one form of misconduct to be proliferating in their area of knowledge at the national level. This figure falls to 48.95% (n = 247) in reference to misconduct in their own institution. The most frequently reported types of misconduct linked to life with colleagues are especially the use of personal influence (in evaluation or review processes); lax supervision of doctoral theses; and the abuse of power over people in lower positions. Personal ambitions and pressure from the evaluation system are regarded as the most influential causes of misconduct proliferation, according to academics at this Spanish university.
Multi-criteria decision analysis: technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution for selecting greener analytical method in the determination of mifepristone in environmental water samples
Authors: Makwakwa Tlou A. , Moema Dineo E. , Msagati Titus A. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work proposes the use of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to select a more environmentally friendly analytical procedure. TOPSIS, which stands for Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, is an example of a MCDA method that may be used to rank or select best alternative based on various criteria. Thirteen analytical procedures were used in this study as TOPSIS input choices for mifepristone determination in water samples. The input data, which consisted of these choices, was described using assessment criteria based on 12 principles of green analytical chemistry (GAC). Based on the objective mean weighting (MW), the weights for each criterion were assigned equally. The most preferred analytical method according to the ranking was solid phase extraction with micellar electrokinetic chromatography (SPE-MEKC), while solid phase extraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS) was ranked last. TOPSIS ranking results were also compared to the green metrics NEMI, Eco-Scale, GAPI, AGREE, and AGREEprep that were used to assess the greenness of thirteen analytical methods for mifepristone determination. The results demonstrated that only the AGREE metric tool correlated with TOPSIS; however, there was no correlation with other metric tools. The analysis results suggest that TOPSIS is a very useful tool for ranking or selecting the analytical procedure in terms of its greenness and that it can be easily integrated with other green metrics tools for method greenness assessment.
What do diatom indices indicate? Modeling the specific pollution sensitivity index
Authors: Blanco Saúl 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDiatoms are commonly used in environmental assessments to detect pollution and eutrophication. The specific pollution sensitivity index (SPI) is one of the most frequently used indices, which assigns scores to diatom taxa based on their sensitivity to pollution. The study analyzed diatom communities in the Duero River basin in Spain to examine the relationship between SPI scores and various limnological variables. A GLM model showed that phosphates, nitrites, and water temperature were the main factors explaining SPI variability. The study also reviews previous results using SPI for water quality monitoring in different world regions, highlighting the role of nutrients in general as major drivers of SPI values worldwide. Overall, the findings reinforce the reliability of SPI as a metric for biological monitoring in various watercourses.
Gesunde Entwicklung von Vorschulkindern unter Pandemiebedingungen aus Sicht von pädagogischen Fachkräften aus Kindertagesstätten (KiTas)
Authors: Eigl Jacqueline , Dierks Marie-Luise , Dreier Maren 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Coronaviruspandemie erschwerte durch Schließungen von KiTas die professionelle Unterstützung der altersgerechten Entwicklung von Vorschulkindern. Soziale Isolation, familiäre Belastungen und eingeschränkte Freizeit- und Betreuungsangebote können zu entwicklungsrelevanten Defiziten in Sprache und Sozialverhalten von Kindern führen. Welche Auswirkungen die KiTa-Schließungen auf die altersgerechte Entwicklung von Vorschulkindern hatten, wird auf Basis einer explorativen Analyse der Perspektive von pädagogischen KiTa-Fachkräfte untersucht.

Methodik
Die Erhebung möglicher Auffälligkeiten in der kindlichen Entwicklung nach Rückkehr der Kinder in die KiTa sowie der hier vorliegenden Einflussfaktoren basiert auf leitfadengestützten Telefoninterviews mit pädagogischen Fachkräften der Kindertagesbetreuung (n = 16) zwischen 11/2021 und 05/2022 in einem niedersächsischen Landkreis. Die Auswertung erfolgte anhand inhaltlich strukturierender qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz. Qualitative Gruppenvergleiche wurden nach Wohnort, KiTa-Größe und Betreuungskonzept durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Die Fachkräfte berichteten Auffälligkeiten der Kinder im Bereich der sozial-emotionalen, sprachlichen und motorischen Entwicklung. Innerfamiliäre Förderung, der Wohnort und die Teilnahme an der Notbetreuung werden als Einflussfaktoren identifiziert. Eine innerfamiliäre Förderung während der Schließzeiten, ein ländlicher Wohnort und die Teilnahme an der Notbetreuung zeigten einen positiven Einfluss auf die motorische Entwicklung. Laut Fachkräften hatte die Teilnahme an der Notbetreuung und innerfamiliäre Unterstützung in der häuslichen Betreuung zudem eine protektive Wirkung auf die sozialemotional und die sprachliche Entwicklung.

Schlussfolgerung
Vorschulkinder entwickelten sich während der Coronaviruspandemie aus Sicht der pädagogischen Fachkräfte je nach Betreuungsmöglichkeiten und Wohnort unterschiedlich. Eine altersgerechte Förderung innerhalb der Familie und in Betreuungseinrichtungen sowie der sichere Zugang zu Bewegungsräumen sind wichtige Komponenten einer gesunden kindlichen Entwicklung, die in zukünftigen Pandemien aufgrund ihrer Relevanz besonders zu berücksichtigen sind. Der Zugang zu niedrigschwelligen und naturnahen Bewegungsräumen in städtischen wie in ländlichen Regionen ist zu prüfen und verstärkt zu fördern. Die Implementierung und Evaluation kleinerer Betreuungsgruppen in KiTas mit individuelleren Fördermöglichkeiten werden empfohlen.
Spatial and temporal variability in the structure of the multiple-herbivore community of horsenettle, and evidence for evolutionary responses in host-plant resistance
Authors: Wise Michael J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe geographic mosaic model of plant–herbivore coevolution asserts that interactions between a plant species and an herbivore species vary in intensity among populations across the plant’s geographic range. Despite this model’s intuitive appeal, data to investigate its implications for the type of complex, multiple-herbivore communities that occur in nature are scant. This paper reports on the results of 2 years of field surveys of damage by five leaf herbivores and one stem herbivore in four Solanum carolinense (horsenettle) populations, combined with results of a common-garden study quantifying the mean resistance levels of the plants from each field against each of the six herbivores. The relative amounts of damage caused by each species (representing the “herbivore-community structure”) differed significantly among the four fields. The plants were much more heavily damaged in the 2nd year than in the first, but the herbivore-community structure remained stable within each field between years. Overall, the amount of damage by species of herbivores in a field tended to be positively correlated with the plants’ levels of resistance that were measured in the common garden (r = 0.40, P = 0.05). Specifically, for five of the six herbivores, greater damage in the field was associated with greater plant resistance. This result suggests that horsenettle’s evolution of resistance against specific herbivores can occur rather quickly within fields, creating a local-scale mosaic of populations specifically adapted to the particular structure of the herbivore community that they are facing, but that herbivore-community structure is not strongly determined by plant resistance.
Pollution sources affecting the oxidative potential of fine aerosols in a Portuguese urban-industrial area - an exploratory study
Authors: Canha Nuno , Gonçalves Sara , Sousa Diogo , Gamelas Carla , Mendez Sergio , Cabo Verde Sandra , Almeida Susana Marta , de Bartolomeo Anna Rita , Guascito Maria Rachele , Merico Eva , Contini Daniele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study targets to determine the oxidative potential (OP) of fine aerosols in an urban-industrial area of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal) and, in addition, to identify which pollution sources may have an impact on the OP levels of fine aerosols. For this purpose, thirty samples were selected from a set of 128 samples collected over one year (Dec 2019-Nov 2020), based on the highest load for each source (both mass and %) previously assessed by source apportionment studies (using Positive Matrix Factorisation, a total of 7 different sources were identified: soil, secondary sulphate, fuel-oil combustion, sea, vehicle non-exhaust, vehicle exhaust and industry). The OP associated with the water-soluble components of PM2.5 was assessed using the dithiothreitol (DTT) method. The samples had a mean DTT activity (normalised to the mass) of 12.9 ± 6.6 pmol min− 1 µg− 1, ranging from 3.5 to 31.8 pmol min− 1 µg− 1. The DTT activity (normalised to the volume, $${\text{O}\text{P}}_{\text{V}}^{\text{D}\text{T}\text{T}}$$) showed to have a significant positive association with PM2.5 levels (R2 = 0.714). Considering that the mass contributions of the different sources to the PM2.5 levels were known, Spearman correlations were assessed and significant correlations were found between $${\text{O}\text{P}}_{\text{V}}^{\text{D}\text{T}\text{T}}$$ and three different sources: vehicle exhaust (ρ = 0.647, p-value = 0.001), fuel-oil combustion (ρ = 0.523, p-value = 0.012) and industry (ρ = 0.463, p-value = 0.018). Using a multiple linear regression analysis, these three sources were found to explain 82% of the variability in $${\text{O}\text{P}}_{\text{V}}^{\text{D}\text{T}\text{T}}$$, with vehicle exhaust being the most influential source.
Therapie-Update zur atopischen Dermatitis
Authors: Riedl Elisabeth 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungAtopische Dermatitis (AD) ist eine häufige, chronisch-entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die durch eine komplexe Pathogenese, klinische Heterogenität und einen schubhaften Verlauf gekennzeichnet ist. Vor allem die Behandlung von mittelschweren bis schweren Formen stellt eine Herausforderung dar, die bislang durch eine begrenzte Auswahl an Behandlungsoptionen zusätzlich erschwert wurde. Die Entwicklung neuer zielgerichteter Systemtherapien hat die Therapiemöglichkeiten deutlich erweitert und verbessert. Diese Neuerungen, unterstützt durch evidenzbasierte Ergebnisse aus klinischen Studien, signalisieren einen Wandel in der Behandlung der AD. Diese Übersicht gibt einen Überblick über die praxisrelevanten Fortschritte, einschließlich wichtiger Studienergebnisse, zur Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit von innovativen Systemtherapien bei AD.
Orbit while in service
Authors: Hanukov Gabi , Yechiali Uri 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn various real-life queueing systems, part of the service can be rendered without involvement or presence of the customers themselves. In those queues, customers whose service order is still in process may leave the service station, go to ‘orbit’ for a random length of time, and then return to find out if their order has been completed. Common examples are car’s annual maintenance works, food ordering, etc. In this paper, a thorough analysis of a single-server ‘orbit while in service’ queueing model with general service time is presented. Assuming an Exponentially distributed orbit time, we derive general formulae for the distributions of (i) a customer’s total residence time in the system; (ii) a customer’s net actual residence time in the system during service (not including orbit time); (iii) the time an orbiting customer is late to return, i.e., remains in orbit after his/her service has been completed; and (iv) the total number of customers in the system. Considering the family of Gamma-distributed service times (spanning the range of distributions between the Exponential and the Deterministic), as well as the Uniform distribution, we further derive explicit formulae for the distributions of the above variables. Under linear cost assumptions, the optimal mean orbit time is numerically calculated for each of the above service-time distributions. Figures depicting the behavior of the measures as functions of the parameters are presented.
Production of new functional coconut milk kefir with blueberry extract and microalgae: the comparison of the prebiotic potentials on lactic acid bacteria of kefir grain and biochemical characteristics
Authors: Aktas Doğan Kürşad , Aydin Sevcan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProbiotic foods are recognized for their importance on human health. Kefir is a versatile probiotic food that can be made from non-dairy sources for vegan diet. This study evaluated the addition of microalga Haematococcus pluvialis (0.50% w/v) and blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus (0.50% w/v) extracts to compare their influence on the biochemical properties and the bacterial community of coconut milk kefir through Nanopore-based DNA sequencing. Results revealed that the V. myrtillus increased the microbial diversity in coconut milk kefir with more abundant Proteobacteria species such as Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (22%) and Lactococcus lactis (6.3%). Microalga demonstrated the opposite effect on C, making Firmicutes represent the whole of the microbiota. Biochemical analysis revealed increased fat content in the kefir samples, with the C1 registering 1.62% and the 1.07% in C2, in contrast to the control group’s 0.87% fat content. The crude protein content exhibited a decrease in both samples compared to the control group (0.00% and 0.88% versus 1.07%). These findings suggest that fortifying vegan kefir with prebiotics has the potential to induce significant alterations in the kefir microbiota.
Graphical abstract
An overall evaluation toolchain for assessing helicopter ship deck landings
Authors: Kalra Arti , Maibach Malte-Jörn , Štrbac Alexander 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA compact toolchain is implemented for the control system design for helicopter ship deck landings in a simulated environment which provides a cost-efficient and safe environment to test different scenarios. The evaluation of the ship deck landing manoeuvres is mostly performed for Ship Helicopter Operation Limits (SHOL) evaluation and performance of the helicopter. In most of the assessments, a subjective assessment is performed using different pilot rating scales which is not sufficient and the objective assessment of the simulation data for the mission success itself is seldom performed. The developed toolchain evaluates the successful operation of ship-based rotorcraft by considering both ship and helicopter dynamics, environmental conditions, and the pilot’s responses. The toolchain evaluates various touchdown conditions like helicopter position, velocity and attitude relative to the ship deck. It also displays additional evaluation parameters for the entire approach. A preliminary pilot study was performed in a simulator within a complete maritime scenario design. The maritime simulation environment includes a nonlinear helicopter flight model with a model-based flight control system, a ship dynamic model with the simulated turbulent air wake and realistic wave and water effects. For a subjective assessment of the ship deck landings, subjective pilot ratings using different rating scales were recorded during the pilot study. Simulation results show that the toolchain is convenient and well suited for assessing helicopter ship deck landing performance in a simulation environment as it provides a complete objective and subjective evaluation.
Tailoring the Microstructure using Quenching and Partitioning Processing in a Commercial Mn-Si-Cr Spring Steel to Improve Tensile Properties
Authors: Masoumi Mohammad , Centeno Dany Michell Andrade , Echeverri Edwan Anderson Ariza 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores a novel approach to quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment applied to AISI 9260 spring steel, comprising Fe-0.65C-1.58Mn-1.05Si-0.41Cr (wt.%). Our research focuses on balancing strength and ductility through optimized Q&P pathways, leading to a diverse microstructure that includes martensite, bainite, carbide, and retained austenite. Advanced X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques were employed to analyze the complexities of this microstructure. A key aspect of this study is the precise control of partitioning temperature and time, crucial for modulating lattice distortion and dislocation density within martensitic and bainitic structures. Optimal partitioning temperature promotes carbon distribution into austenite, tempering lattice distortions, and dislocation densities. Concurrently, carbide precipitation and segregation contribute to the refinement of the bainite phase. The sample quenched at 125 °C and partitioned at 350 °C (Q&P-125/350) demonstrates notable mechanical properties: a yield strength of 950 ± 15 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 1710 ± 15 MPa, and an elongation of approximately 9.7%. These results are partly attributed to the effect of silicon in preventing cementite coarsening and the effective distribution of carbide. Our findings highlight the potential of Q&P heat treatment in developing tailored microstructures with enhanced mechanical properties in steel, without relying on costly alloying elements. This approach presents new avenues for the design and application of high-performance materials.
Incorporating sea sand into self-compacting concrete: a systematic review
Authors: Sindhurashmi B. M. , Nayak Gopinatha , Adesh N. D. , Rao Vidya , Dubey Sandhya Parasnath 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increasing demand for river sand, driven by infrastructure development, poses environmental challenges. The study aims to address the depletion of river sand by integrating sea sand as a fine aggregate in the production of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) through a Systematic Literature Review. Furthermore, it includes an in-depth bibliographic analysis of relevant literature using VOSviewer to generate network visualizations of author-co-citation and country-wise citations. The article offers diverse options for sustainable solutions to mitigate environmental impacts while meeting infrastructure demands. It focuses on assessing the durability of SCC incorporating sea sand through real-time monitoring with the Internet of Things (IoT) and employing artificial intelligence methods like PointRend and neural networks to study the properties of SCC utilizing sea sand. Subsequently, the study emphasizes the need to address river sand shortages in infrastructure development and provides insights for further research on enhancing the properties of SCC with sea sand.