bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression Rates in Invasive Breast Carcinoma: A Study of 21 Institutions
Authors: Mais Daniel D. , Nazarullah Alia N. , Guidi Anthony J. , Dintzis Suzanne , Blond Barbara J. , Long Thomas A. , Coulter Suzanne N. , Brown Richard W. 
Published: April 2024

Context.—
Laboratories performing predictive marker testing for breast carcinoma are encouraged to compare patient results to published benchmarks.

Objective.—
To collect expression rates for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in invasive breast carcinoma from multiple laboratories.

Design.—
Participants submitted data from up to 50 primary cases during the study period. Participants reported ER, PgR, and HER2 results in addition to demographic and histologic information. Participants also provided annual institution-level expression rates.

Results.—
A total of 21 institutions submitted data for 687 cases. Aggregate positivity rates for ER and PgR were 85.6% and 75.1%, respectively. Receptor positivity rates were higher in well-differentiated (grade 1) tumors (ER, 97.4%; PgR, 88.0%) compared with moderately differentiated (grade 2) tumors (ER, 92.4%; PgR, 84.0%) and poorly differentiated (grade 3) tumors (ER, 61.8%; PgR, 48.0%). Expression rates were higher in postmenopausal women (ER, 87.2%) than premenopausal women (ER, 79.6%) and higher in lobular carcinomas (ER, 98.7%; PgR, 85.3%) than ductal carcinomas (ER, 84.1%; PgR, 74.5%). The aggregate HER2 positivity (score 3+) rate was 9.0%. The aggregate HER2 equivocal (score 2+) rate was 14.5%. Of 81 equivocal (score 2+) cases, 70 (86.4%) were nonamplified.

Conclusions.—
The data from this study provide multi-institutional benchmark data to assist laboratories performing periodic comparisons as part of a quality management program. Overall expression rates were generally similar to those of other published reports, with the exception of the ER-negative and HER2-positive rates, both of which were somewhat lower.
O Brincar de Dançar:
Authors: Melyssa Lima Aragão Rayrane , Aparecida Gabrielli Boaventura Michelle 
Published: April 2024

Este texto brincante-dançante tem como objetivo compreender as implicações do uso de jogos e brincadeiras nas propostas pedagógicas em dança no Ensino Fundamental I (anos iniciais), relatando a experiência no componente curricular Estágio Supervisionado I - Dança, do Curso de Licenciatura em Dança, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, desenvolvido na Escola Municipal Aruanda, localizada no bairro dos Bancários, em João Pessoa-PB, no segundo semestre de 2022. Desse modo, organizamos o escrito em duas categorias teóricas intituladas: Jogos e brincadeiras: possíveis diálogos com propostas pedagógicas em Dança e Entre brincar e dançar: o Currículo do Ensino Fundamental na Paraíba.
Perspectivas Educativas en Microbiología: Análisis del Impacto de las Prácticas Virtuales vs las Prácticas Presenciales en Alumnos del Grado de Podología
Authors: González Hidalgo Natalia , Gómez-Lus Centelles María Luisa , Sevillano Fernández David , Alou Cervera Luis 
Published: April 2024

With the aim of effectively integrating virtual environments in Microbiology practices, the effectiveness of virtual versus face-to-face practices in the Microbiology course of the Degree in Podiatry was analysed. After choosing the face-to-face or virtual practical format, students voluntarily completed pre- and post-practicum knowledge questionnaires to evaluate their performance. Students' commitment and satisfaction were also evaluated. Most students chose to complete the practices in the face-to-face format and showed a higher level of engagement and participation in the questionnaires. Both groups showed improved performance with no significant differences between the formats. Students who participated in the practices expressed an elevated level of satisfaction in both formats. Virtual practices are a viable alternative to face-to-face practices in Microbiology teaching.
Con el objetivo de integrar de manera efectiva los entornos virtuales en las prácticas de Microbiología, se ha analizado la eficacia de las prácticas en formato virtual en comparación con el presencial en la asignatura de Microbiología del Grado de Podología. Tras elegir el formato práctico presencial o virtual, los alumnos realizaron voluntariamente cuestionarios de conocimientos previos y posteriores a las prácticas, con el fin de evaluar su rendimiento. Asimismo, se evaluó el compromiso y satisfacción de los estudiantes. La mayoría de los alumnos eligieron realizar las prácticas en formato presencial, mostrando un mayor compromiso y participación en los cuestionarios. Ambos grupos experimentaron una mejora en el rendimiento, sin diferencias significativas entre formatos. Los estudiantes que participaron en las prácticas expresaron un alto nivel de satisfacción en ambos formatos. Las prácticas virtuales suponen una alternativa adecuada a las prácticas presenciales en la enseñanza de Microbiología.
Benefícios dos Inibidores do Transportador 2 de Sódio-Glicose no Tratamento da Obesidade
Authors: Cicera Luciana Pereira de Lucena  , Claudenor Pinho de Sá Filho  , Francis Kleber Pereira Lacerda de Souza  , Vaniely Oliveira Ferreira  , Rute Vieira de Sousa  , Francisco Ramon Rodrigues de Sousa  , Whallef Pinheiro Mascarenhas  , Marinaldo Formiga Alves Júnior  , Thiago Antunes Adriano de Andrade  , Tamires Ayala Alves Ferreira  
Published: April 2024

A obesidade não é apenas uma questão estética, mas também está intrinsecamente ligada a uma série de comorbidades e complicações médicas graves. Essas complicações não apenas afetam a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos, mas também impõem uma carga significativa nos sistemas de saúde e na economia. Os Inibidores do Transportador 2 de Sódio-Glicose (iSGLT2) inicialmente foram aprovados para o tratamento de DM2, mas pesquisas recentes têm sugerido seu potencial no tratamento da obesidade independentemente do diabetes. Este estudo objetiva analisar os benefícios dos iSGLT2 como uma terapia farmacológica inovadora para a obesidade e suas condições associadas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura feita em torno da seguinte questão norteadora: “Quais os benefícios do uso de inibidores do transportador 2 de sódio-glicose no tratamento da obesidade e suas condições associadas?”. A pesquisa na literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados da BVS, PubMed e SciELO, utilizando os seguintes descritores: “Obesidade” e “Inibidores do Transportador 2 de Sódio-Glicose”, sendo abordados os artigos publicados nos últimos 5 anos em português, inglês ou espanhol. Ao final da pesquisa, 14 artigos foram escolhidos para comporem este trabalho. Os iSGLT2 não apenas desempenham um papel vital no controle glicêmico em pacientes com DM2, mas também promovem a perda de peso significativa, redução da gordura corporal e melhorias em vários parâmetros metabólicos. Além disso, os estudos revisados sugerem que os iSGLT2 podem desempenhar um papel importante no tratamento de condições associadas à obesidade, contribuindo para a saúde global do paciente. Mais estudos são necessários a fim de avaliar o uso de iSGLT2 em pacientes com obesidade e sem DM2, além de estudos para investigar a segurança e os efeitos desse tipo de tratamento a longo prazo.
Influence of Audit Firm Attributes on Earnings Management and Audit Quality of Listed Nigeria Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Olagunju Adebayo , Oluwakayode Ebenezer Foluso , Adenle Oluwatimileyin Esther , Bamigboye Omololu Adex 
Published: April 2024

The influence of audit attributes on earnings management and audit quality was examined in this study. A causal research design was employed in this study. The study population comprises all the quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria, of which 30 were purposively selected as a sample size from the manufacturing sector covering a period of 12 years ranging from 2010–2021. The data utilized for this study were obtained from the annual reports of the selected firms. Descriptive statistics and panel regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Audit attributes were measured with audit opinion, audit switching and audit tenure, whereas the dependent variables were proxy by discretionary accruals and audit fees. The outcome of the analysis discovered that audit opinion, audit switching and audit tenure all have negative and significant relationships with discretionary accrual evidenced by t-statistics (−2.36, −2.06, −3.24) and p-values of (0.018, 0.004, 0.002) correspondingly. Audit opinion also has a positive significant connection with audit fees. Likewise, audit switching and audit tenure have negative and significant relationships with audit fees, and they are all evidenced by t-statistics of (2.01, −2.70, −2.80) and p-values of (0.004, 0.007, 0.005), respectively. The study concludes that audit attributes are important in determining the extent of earnings management and audit report quality. The study recommends that companies should ensure that the auditor is not biased in his opinion because this will affect the quality of the audit report. Audit tenure and audit switching should also be done as when due.
Tuning and Enhancing Photoluminescence of Light‐Emitting Polymer Nanotubes through Electron‐Beam Irradiation
Authors: Hong Young Ki , Park Dong Hyuk , Park Soung Kyu , Song Hugeun , Kim Dae‐Chul , Kim Jeongyong , Han Young Hwan , Park Ok Kyung , Lee Byung Cheol , Joo Jinsoo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA new method for the tuning and enhancing photoluminescence (PL) characteristics of light emitting poly (3‐methylthiopnehe) (P3MT) nanotubes through E‐beam irradiation under atmospheric environments is reported. An E‐beam generated from a linear electron accelerator (1 MeV, 1.6 × 1013–8.0 × 1016 electrons cm–2) is irradiated onto P3MT nanotubes including an Al2O3 template. From laser confocal microscope (LCM) PL experiments, significant enhancements in the PL intensity—up to about 90 times of an isolated single strand of the E‐beam irradiated P3MT nanotubes—are observed. The luminescent color of the P3MT nanotubes changes from green to red color depending on the variation of E‐beam dosage. These results might originate from the de‐doping effect and the conformational modification through E‐beam irradiations. Conformational changes of the E‐beam irradiated P3MT nanotubes are confirmed by LCM single Raman and ultraviolet‐visible (UV/Vis) absorption spectra. From UV/Vis absorption spectra, it is observed that the π–π* transition peak and the doping induced bipolaron peaks of the P3MT nanotubes dramatically vary with E‐beam irradiating conditions.
Influence of Structural Principles on the Mechanics of a Biological Fiber‐Based Composite Material with Hierarchical Organization: The Exoskeleton of the Lobster Homarus americanus
Authors: Fabritius Helge‐Otto , Sachs Christoph , Triguero Patricia Romano , Raabe Dierk 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe cuticle of the lobster Homarus americanus is a nanocomposite, such as most structural biological materials. It consists of a matrix of chitin‐protein fibers associated with various amounts of crystalline and amorphous calcium carbonate in the rigid parts of the body, and is organized hierarchically at all length scales. One prominent design principle found in the hierarchical structure of such biological fibrous composite materials is the twisted plywood structure. In the lobster cuticle, it is formed by superimposing and gradually rotating planes of parallel aligned chitin‐protein fibers. To adjust the mechanical properties to the requirements on the macroscopic level, the spatial arrangement and the grade of mineralization of the fibers can be modified. A second design principle of lobster cuticle is its honeycomb‐like structure, generated by the well‐developed pore canal system, whose twisted ribbon‐shaped canals penetrate the cuticle perpendicular to its surface. Due to the hierarchical structure, the mechanical properties of the lobster cuticle have to be investigated at different length scales, which is essential for the understanding of the structure–mechanical function relations of mineralized tissues (e.g., potentially also bone and teeth). In order to investigate the influence of the structural principles on the mechanical properties on the macroscopic scale miniaturized tensile, compression, and shear tests were carried out to obtain integral mechanical data. Characterization of the microstructure included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) measurements.
Conjugated Microporous Polymers
Authors: Cooper Andrew I. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractConjugated microporous polymers are of great interest because they have potential to combine high surface areas in the dry state with physical properties relevant to organic electronics. A series of recent reports has shown that materials such as poly(aryleneethynylene)s (PAEs), poly(phenyl‐ene butadiynylene)s, poly(phenylene vinylene), poly(p‐phenylene)s, polysilanes, polyanilines, and polytriazines can be produced as microporous networks with apparent Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface areas of more than 1000 m2 g−1 in some cases. Micropore size and surface area can be synthetically fine tuned in amorphous PAE polymers and copolymers, something which was previously thought to be the preserve of ordered crystalline materials such as metal organic frameworks. We review in this Research News article recent progress made by our group and others with particular emphasis on the possible future applications of these materials.
Photooxidation of Benzyl Alcohols with Immobilized Flavins
Authors: Schmaderer Harald , Hilgers Petra , Lechner Robert , König Burkhard 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBenzyl alcohols are oxidized cleanly and efficiently to the corresponding aldehydes under irradiation using flavin photocatalysts and aerial oxygen as the terminal oxidant in homogeneous aqueous solution. Turnover frequencies (TOF) of more than 800 h−1 and turnover numbers (TON) of up to 68 were obtained. Several flavin photocatalysts with fluorinated or hydrophobic aliphatic chains were immobilized on solid supports like fluorous silica gel, reversed phase silica gel or entrapped in polyethylene pellets. The catalytic efficiency of the heterogeneous photocatalysts was studied for the oxidation of different benzyl alcohols in water and compared to the analogous homogeneous reactions. Removal of the heterogeneous photocatalyst stops the reaction conversion immediately, which shows that the immobilized flavin is the catalytically active species. The immobilized catalysts are stable, retain their reactivity if compared to the corresponding homogeneous systems and are easily removed from the reaction mixture and reused. TOF of up to 26 h−1, TON of 280 and up to 3 reaction cycles without loss of activity are possible with the heterogeneous flavin photocatalysts.
Copper Nanoparticles on Charcoal for Multicomponent Catalytic Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives from Benzyl Halides or Alkyl Halides, Terminal Alkynes and Sodium Azide in Water as a “Green” Solvent
Authors: Sharghi Hashem , Khalifeh Reza , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA one‐pot procedure for synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives via the three‐component coupling (TCC) reaction between terminal alkynes, benzyl or alkyl halides, and sodium azide in the presences of 1 mol% nanoparticles copper/carbon (Cu/C) catalyst has been developed. The catalyst showed high catalytic activity and 1,4‐regioselectivity for the [3+2] Huisgen cycloaddition in water as a “green” solvent and good to excellent yields were obtained in all cases. This procedure eliminates the need to handle organic azides, and they are generated in situ. The reaction has a broad scope and is especially practical for the synthesis of new azacrown ether and anthraquinone derivatives of triazole. The heterogeneous catalysts were fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic forced microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis and FT‐IR experimental techniques. The catalyst was recycled ten times without significant loss of activity.
Hybrid Inorganic‐Organic Materials Carrying Tertiary Amine and Thiourea Residues Tethered on Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Co‐Operative Catalysis
Authors: Puglisi Alessandra , Annunziata Rita , Benaglia Maurizio , Cozzi Franco , Gervasini Antonella , Bertacche Vittorio , Sala Maria Chiara 
Published: January 2009

AbstractMesoporous silica nanoparticles carrying different loadings of tertiary amine and thiourea residues (residues ratios 53/47, 68/32, and 22/78, respectively) were synthesized by the co‐condensation method and fully characterized by CP MAS NMR, powder XRD, SEM, BET, BJH and FT‐IR techniques. These materials were tested as bifunctional catalysts in the conjugate addition of acetylacetone to 2‐nitrostyrene, a reaction that under solvent‐free conditions occurred in quantitative yield. By carrying out several experiments with the bifunctional catalysts featuring different molar ratios of active sites, and with different combinations of monofunctional supported and non‐supported catalyst, the co‐operativity of the tertiary amine and thiourea residues in catalyzing the reaction was demonstrated. The use of the bifunctional catalyst was extended to the addition of acetylacetone to an activated imine. Catalyst recycling for a total of three reaction cycles was demonstrated without significant erosion of activity.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)‐Chamaecypanone C: A Novel Microtubule Inhibitor
Authors: Dong Suwei , Hamel Ernest , Bai Ruoli , Covell David G. , Beutler John A. , Porco John A. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractZurück und hin im Tandem: Die Totalsynthese von (+)‐Chamaecypanon C gelang mithilfe einer Retro‐Diels‐Alder/Diels‐Alder‐Tandemreaktion (siehe Schema). Erste biologische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass (+)‐Chamaecypanon C die Polymerisation von Tubulin inhibiert, indem es dessen Colchicin‐Bindestelle besetzt.magnified image
Synthesis of (−)‐Berkelic Acid
Authors: Wu Xiaoxing , Zhou Jingye , Snider Barry B. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractDie stereospezifische Kondensation eines vollständig funktionalisierten Ketalaldehyds mit einer 2,6‐Dihydroxybenzoesäure ist der entscheidende Schritt bei der Synthese von (−)‐Berkelsäure und bestätigt Fürstners Neuzuordnung der Konfiguration von C18 und C19; damit ist die absolute Konfiguration dieser beiden Positionen abgesichert. Darüber hinaus kann auch eine vorläufige Zuordnung der Konfiguration von C22 getroffen werden.magnified image
The roles of p53 and p21 in normal development and hyperthermia‐induced malformations
Authors: Hosako Hiromi , Francisco Liezl E. , Martin Gail S. , Mirkes Philip E. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Hyperthermia (HS) is a well‐studied teratogen that induces serious malformations, including neural tube defects. Our previous studies have shown that HS induces apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Prior to activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, HS also activates p53 and its target genes. In the present study, we determine whether p53 and/or p21 play a role as teratogen suppressors or inducers of HS‐induced malformations.METHODS: Pregnant mice carrying all threep53orp21genotype embryos were exposed to HS on day 8.5. Subsequently, fetuses were collected on day 15.5, and genotyped. In addition to genotype, we also determined the number of resorptions and dead fetuses as well as the number and types of external malformations.RESULTS: In the absence of HS exposure, fetuses exhibiting exencephaly and spina bifida were observed in approximately 11% ofp53−/− fetuses, whereas no malformations were observed amongp21−/− fetuses. Exposure to HS resulted in an increase in exencephaly and polydactyly in fetuses of all threep53genotypes. However, the incidence of these malformations was statistically significantly higher inp53−/− compared top53+/− andp53+/+ fetuses. Exencephaly was the only malformation observed inp21fetuses exposed to HS, with an approximately 2‐fold increase amongp21+/− and a 3‐fold increase amongp21−/− compared top21+/+ fetuses.CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirms that p53 plays a role in normal development and has shown, for the first time that p53 and p21 function to suppress HS‐induced malformations.Birth Defects Res (Part B)86:40‐47, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Innovative Konzepte im Massivbau
Authors: Hegger Josef , Bertram Guido , Dreßen Tobias , Horstmann Michael , Roggendorf Thomas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIm vorliegenden Beitrag werden stellvertretend für neue Konzepte im Massivbau die vier Themenbereiche innovative Gebäudekonzepte, Spannbetonträger aus UHPC, Hüllsysteme aus Textilbeton und Slim‐Floor‐Konstruktionen sowie deren Anwendung vorgestellt.
Eigenschaften und Anwendung von Textilbeton
Authors: Curbach Manfred , Jesse Frank 
Published: January 2009

AbstractTextilbeton ist ein neuer Verbundwerkstoff mit besonderen Eigenschaften. Dieser Beitrag soll dem Bedarf nach einer allgemeinverständlichen Einführung in das Konstruieren mit Textilbeton für Praktiker entgegenkommen. Da Textilbeton den vorhandenen Erfahrungsbereich in vielerlei Hinsicht verlässt, sollen seine besonderen Eigenschaften sowie Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zur Stahlbetonbauweise erläutert werden. Im Einzelnen werden Anforderungen an die Fasermaterialien, typische Materialien und Technologien für die Herstellung von textilen Bewehrungen und Textilbeton erläutert. Die Diskussion verschiedener Fallbeispiele existierender Anwendungen dient der Demonstration der Besonderheiten und der Leistungsfähigkeit dieses Verbundwerkstoffs und wichtiger Grundprinzipien für das Konstruieren mit Textilbeton. Die Zusammenstellung typischer Kennwerte soll dem Leser ermöglichen, eigene Überlegungen zum Einsatz dieses innovativen Verbundwerkstoffs anzustellen.
Damage Detection and Base Flipping in Direct DNA Alkylation Repair
Authors: Yang Cai‐Guang , Garcia Kristel , He Chuan 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe foreign lesion: The mechanistic questions for DNA base damage detection by repair proteins are discussed in this Minireview. Repair proteins could either probe and locate a weakened base pair that results from base damage, or passively capture an extrahelical base lesion in the first step of damage searching on double‐stranded DNA. How some repair proteins, such as AGT (see figure), locate base lesions in DNA is still not fully understood.magnified imageTo remove a few damaged bases efficiently from the context of the entire genome, the DNA base repair proteins rely on remarkably specific detection mechanisms to locate base lesions. This efficient molecular recognition event inside cells has been extensively studied with various structural and biochemical tools. These studies suggest that DNA base damage can be located by repair proteins by using two mechanisms: a repair protein can probe and detect a weakened base pair that results from mutagenic or cytotoxic base damage; alternatively, a protein can passively capture and stabilize an extrahelical base lesion. Our chemical and structural studies on the direct DNA repair proteins hAGT, C‐Ada and ABH2 suggest that these proteins search for weakened base pairs in their first step of damage searching. We have also discovered a very unique base‐flipping mechanism used by the DNA repair protein AlkB. This protein distorts DNA and favors single stranded DNA (ssDNA) substrates over double‐stranded (dsDNA) ones. Potentially, it locates base lesions in dsDNA by imposing a constraint that targets less rigid regions of the duplex DNA. The exact mechanism of how AlkB and related proteins search for damage in ssDNA and dsDNA still awaits further studies.