bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and herbal medicine-based therapeutic implication of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview
Authors: Kaur Charanjit , Mishra Yachana , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Gurvinder , Singh Sukhraj , Mishra Vijay , Tambuwala Murtaza M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) stands as an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic joint inflammation, resulting in profound physiological alterations within the body. Affecting approximately 0.4–1.3% of the global population, this condition poses significant challenges as current therapeutic approaches primarily offer symptomatic relief, with the prospect of complete recovery remaining elusive. This review delves into the contemporary advancements in understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and the therapeutic potential of herbal medicine in managing RA. Notably, early diagnosis during the initial stages emerges as the pivotal determinant for successful recovery post-treatment. Utilizing tools such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), anti-citrullinated peptide antibody markers, and radiography proves crucial in pinpointing the diagnosis of RA with precision. Unveiling the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms of RA has paved the way for innovative therapeutic interventions, incorporating plant extracts and isolated phytoconstituents. In the realm of pharmacological therapy for RA, specific disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have showcased commendable efficacy. However, this conventional approach is not without its drawbacks, as it is often associated with various side effects. The integration of methodological strategies, encompassing both pharmacological and plant-based herbal therapies, presents a promising avenue for achieving substantive recovery. This integrated approach not only addresses the symptoms but also strives to tackle the underlying causes of RA, fostering a more comprehensive and sustainable path towards healing.
Graphic abstract
Preparation of xyloglucan-grafted poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) copolymer by free-radical polymerization for in vitro evaluation of human dermal fibroblasts
Authors: González-Torres Maykel , Martínez-Mata Ricardo , Ruvalcaba-Paredes Erika Karina , del Real Alicia , Leyva-Gómez Gerardo , Maciel-Cerda Alfredo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractXyloglucan is a rigid polysaccharide that belongs to the carbohydrate family. This hemicellulose compound has been widely used in biomedical research because of its pseudoplastic, mucoadhesive, mucomimetic, and biocompatibility properties. Xyloglucan is a polyose with no amino groups in its structure, which also limits its range of applications. It is still unknown whether grafting hydrophilic monomers onto xyloglucan can produce derivatives that overcome these shortcomings. This work aimed to prepare the first copolymers in which N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide is grafted onto tamarind xyloglucan by free-radical polymerization. The biocompatibility of these structures in vitro was evaluated using human dermal fibroblasts. Gamma radiation-induced graft polymerization was employed as an initiator by varying the radiation dose from 5–25 kGy. The structure of the graft copolymer, Xy-g-poly(N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide), was verified by thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The findings indicate that the degree of grafting and the cytotoxicity/viability of the xyloglucan-based copolymer were independent of dose. Notably, the grafted galactoxyloglucan exhibited efficient support for human dermal fibroblasts, showing heightened proliferative capacity and superior migration capabilities compared to the unmodified polymer. This copolymer might have the potential to be used in skin tissue engineering.
A novel, microfluidic high-throughput single-cell encapsulation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Rashidi Narjes , Slater Alex , Peregrino Giordana , Santin Matteo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of stem-cell therapy depends on the ability of the transplanted cells to escape early immunological reactions and to be retained at the site of transplantation. The use of tissue engineering scaffolds or injectable biomaterials as carriers has been proposed, but they still present limitations linked to a reliable manufacturing process, surgical practice and clinical outcomes. Alginate microbeads are potential candidates for the encapsulation of mesenchymal stromal cells with the aim of providing a delivery carrier suitable for minimally-invasive and scaffold-free transplantation, tissue-adhesive properties and protection from the immune response. However, the formation of stable microbeads relies on the cross-linking of alginate with divalent calcium ions at concentrations that are toxic for the cells, making control over the beads’ size and a single-cell encapsulation unreliable. The present work demonstrates the efficiency of an innovative, high throughput, and reproducible microfluidic system to produce single-cell, calcium-free alginate coatings of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Among the various conditions tested, visible light and confocal microscopy following staining of the cell nuclei by DAPI showed that the microfluidic system yielded an optimal single-cell encapsulation of 2000 cells/min in 2% w/v alginate microcapsules of reproducible morphology and an average size of 28.2 ± 3.7 µm. The adhesive properties of the alginate microcapsules, the viability of the encapsulated cells and their ability to escape the alginate microcapsule were demonstrated by the relatively rapid adherence of the beads onto tissue culture plastic and the cells’ ability to gradually disrupt the microcapsule shell after 24 h and proliferate. To mimic the early inflammatory response upon transplantation, the encapsulated cells were exposed to proliferating macrophages at different cell seeding densities for up to 2 days and the protection effect of the microcapsule on the cells assessed by time-lapse microscopy showing a shielding effect for up to 48 h. This work underscores the potential of microfluidic systems to precisely encapsulate cells by good manufacturing practice standards while favouring cell retention on substrates, viability and proliferation upon transplantation.
Graphical Abstract
Electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with gemcitabine and cisplatin suppress bladder tumor growth by improving the tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Wang Jing , Yin Yisheng , Ren Xiang , Wang Shaogang , Zhu Yunpeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The perplexing issues related to positive surgical margins and the considerable negative consequences associated with systemic chemotherapy have posed ongoing challenges for clinicians, especially when it comes to addressing bladder cancer treatment. The current investigation describes the production of nanocomposites loaded with gemcitabine (GEM) and cisplatin (CDDP) through the utilization of electrospinning technology. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided evidence of the strong effectiveness in suppressing tumor advancement while simultaneously reducing the accumulation of chemotherapy drugs within liver and kidney tissues. Mechanically, the GEM and CDDP-loaded electrospun nanocomposites could effectively eliminate myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor tissues, and recruit CD8+ T cells and NKp46+ NK cells to kill tumor cells, which can also effectively inhibit tumor microvascular formation. Our investigation into the impact of localized administration of chemotherapy through GEM and CDDP-loaded electrospun nanocomposites on the tumor microenvironment will offer novel insights for tackling tumors.

Graphical abstract
Boundedness of Solutions of Nonautonomous Degenerate Logistic Equations
Authors: Arrieta José M. , Molina-Rodríguez Marcos , Santos Lucas A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work we analyze the boundedness properties of the solutions of a nonautonomous parabolic degenerate logistic equation in a bounded domain. The equation is degenerate in the sense that the logistic nonlinearity vanishes in a moving region, K(t), inside the domain. The boundedness character of the solutions depends not only on, roughly speaking, the first eigenvalue of the Laplace operator in K(t) but also on the way this moving set evolves inside the domain and in particular on the speed at which it moves.
Investigating the Anticancer and Antioxidant Potentials of a Polymer-Grafted Sodium Alginate Composite Embedded with CuO and TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Nemr Omnia T. , Abdel-wahab Mohamed Sh. , Hamza Zeinab S. , Ahmed Sayed A. , El-Bassuony Ashraf A , Abdel-Gawad Omayma F. , Mohamed Hussein S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, we conducted the synthesis of a composite material by grafting an acrylonitrile-co-styrene (AN-co-St) polymer into sodium alginate and incorporating CuO (copper oxide) and TiO2 (titanium dioxide) nanoparticles. The primary objective was to investigate the potential anticancer and antioxidant activities of the composite material. First, CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized for their size, morphology, and surface properties. Subsequently, these nanoparticles were integrated into the sodium alginate matrix, which had been grafted with the AN-co-St polymer, resulting in the formation of the composite material. To confirm successful nanoparticle incorporation and assess the structural integrity of the composite, various techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed. The composite material’s anticancer and antioxidant activities were then evaluated. In vitro cell viability assays using the HepG-2 cell line were performed to assess potential cytotoxic effects, while antioxidant (DPPH) assays were conducted to determine the composite’s ability to scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. Preliminary results indicate that the composite material demonstrated promising anticancer and antioxidant activities. The presence of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles within the composite contributed to these effects, as these nanoparticles are known to possess anticancer and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the grafting of the AN-co-St polymer into sodium alginate enhanced the overall performance and stability of the composite material.
Barriers and Facilitators to 24-Month Maintenance of the Faith, Activity, and Nutrition Program in the U.S.
Authors: Day Kelsey R. , Bernhart John A. , Wilcox Sara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLittle is known about the barriers and facilitators to organizational maintenance of faith-based health promotion programs. This study used qualitative data (collected from 2016–2019) from pastors (n = 81) and program coordinators (n = 103) to identify barriers and facilitators to 24-month maintenance of a faith-based physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE) intervention in South Carolina. Barriers differed for PA versus HE: resistance to change impeded HE while church characteristics tended to impede PA. Similar themes emerged for PA and HE facilitators: healthy opportunities, church communication, and consistency. Future research should build upon this study to tailor faith-based health promotion programs for long-term sustainability.
Modeling of kappa factor using multivariate adaptive regression splines: application to the western Türkiye ground motion dataset
Authors: Kurtulmuş Tevfik Özgür , Yerlikaya–Özkurt Fatma , Askan Aysegul 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe recent seismic activity on Türkiye’s west coast, especially in the Aegean Sea region, shows that this region requires further attention. The region has significant seismic hazards because of its location in an active tectonic regime of North–South extension with multiple basin structures on soft soil deposits. Recently, despite being 70 km from the earthquake source, the Samos event (with a moment magnitude of 7.0 on October 30, 2020) caused significant localized damage and collapse in the Izmir city center due to a combination of basin effects and structural susceptibility. Despite this activity, research on site characterization and site response modeling, such as local velocity models and kappa estimates, remains sparse in this region. Kappa values display regional characteristics, necessitating the use of local kappa estimations from previous earthquake data in region–specific applications. Kappa estimates are multivariate and incorporate several characteristics such as magnitude and distance. In this study, we assess and predict the trend in mean kappa values using three–component strong–ground motion data from accelerometer sites with known VS30 values throughout western Türkiye. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) were used to build the prediction models. The effects of epicentral distance Repi, magnitude Mw, and site class (VS30) were investigated, and the contributions of each parameter were examined using a large dataset containing recent seismic activity. The models were evaluated using well–known statistical accuracy criteria for kappa assessment. In all performance measures, the MARS model outperforms the MLR model across the selected sites.
POAS: a framework for exploiting accelerator level parallelism in heterogeneous environments
Authors: Martínez Pablo Antonio , Bernabé Gregorio , García José Manuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the era of heterogeneous computing, a new paradigm called accelerator level parallelism (ALP) has emerged. In ALP, accelerators are used concurrently to provide unprecedented levels of performance and energy efficiency. To reach that there are many problems to be solved, one of the most challenging being co-execution. In this paper, we present a new scheduling framework called POAS, a general method for providing co-execution to applications. Our proposal consists of four steps: predict, optimize, adapt and schedule. With POAS, an unseen application can be executed concurrently in ALP with little effort. We evaluate POAS on a heterogeneous environment consisting of CPUs, GPUs (CUDA cores), and XPUs (Tensor cores) on two different fields, namely linear algebra (matrix multiplication benchmark) and deep learning (convolution benchmark). Our experiments prove that POAS provides excellent performance and completes the tasks within a time very close to the optimal time for the hardware and applications used, with a negligible execution time overhead. Moreover, the POAS predictor performed exceptionally well, achieving very low RMSE values for both use cases. Therefore, POAS can be a valuable tool for fully exploiting ALP and improving overall performance over offloading in heterogeneous settings.
The role of concussion history and biological sex on baseline concussion clinical profile symptoms in adolescent rugby players
Authors: McKee Connor , Matthews Mark , Kontos Anthony P. , Rankin Alan , Bleakley Chris 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Accurate concussion monitoring requires access to preinjury baseline data. This is particularly important in adolescent athletes who have a high risk of concussion and are prone to prolonged recovery. As Rugby Union is governed by similar laws for men and women, it is also an ideal population to rigorously examine the impact of biological sex on concussion symptoms.

Aims
To evaluate self-reported concussion symptoms at baseline in adolescent rugby union players, and examine if subtype-specific symptoms are affected by concussion history and biological sex.

Methods
Adolescent rugby union players aged 16–18 years were recruited during the 2022–2023 playing season. Participants completed a series of questionnaires covering post-concussion symptoms, concussion clinical profiles, anxiety, depression and fear avoidance behaviours. Independent variables of interest in analysis were biological sex and concussion history.

Results
149 participants (75% male) were included. 42% (63/149) reported at least one previous concussion (average time since concussion: 18.7 months, range 1–72). Adolescents with a concussion history reported significantly higher scores than those with no history, across two clinical profiles (ocular and sleep), concussion symptom severity, and depression, all based on medium effect sizes (SMD 0.3–0.5). Females had significantly higher scores across cognitive/fatigue, ocular and sleep clinical profiles, concussion symptoms, anxiety and depression, each with large effect sizes (SMD > 0.5).

Conclusions
Concussion history and sex are associated with higher baseline scores on specific concussion clinical profile, concussion symptom severity, and anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of considering baseline differences when interpreting post-injury clinical profile symptoms in adolescent rugby players. (Trial registration: ACTRN12622000931774).
Planting the Seed for Blood Pressure Control: The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in the Management of Hypertension
Authors: Charles Justin A. , Habibullah Nilofer Khan , Bautista Saul , Davis Brenda , Joshi Shivam , Hull Sarah C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Hypertension results in significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures. Fortunately, it is largely preventable and treatable by implementing dietary interventions, though these remain underutilized. Here, we aim to explore the role of healthy dietary patterns in hypertension management and describe approaches for busy clinicians to address nutrition effectively and efficiently with patients.

Recent Findings
DASH, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and vegan diets that include minimally processed, plant-based foods as core elements have consistently shown positive effects on hypertension. Recommendations that distill the most healthful components of these diets can significantly impact patient outcomes. Clinicians can harness evidence-based dietary assessment and counseling tools to implement and support behavioral changes, even during brief office visits.

Summary
Healthful plant-based dietary patterns can often effectively prevent and treat hypertension. Clinicians may help improve patient outcomes by discussing evidence-based nutrition with their patients. Future work to promote infrastructural change that supports incorporating evidence-based nutrition into medical education, clinical care, and society at large can support these efforts.
Assessing the reliability of a physical-based model and a convolutional neural network in an ungauged watershed for daily streamflow calculation: a case study in southern Portugal
Authors: Oliveira Ana R. , Ramos Tiago B. , Simionesei Lucian , Neves Ramiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main goal of this study was to estimate inflows to the Maranhão reservoir, southern Portugal, using two distinct modeling approaches: a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) model and a physically based model. The 1D-CNN was previously trained, validated, and tested in a sub-basin of the study area where observed streamflow values were available. The trained model was here subject to an improvement and applied to the entire watershed by replacing the forcing variables (accumulated and delayed precipitation) to make them correspond to the values of the entire watershed. The same way, the physically based MOHID-Land model was calibrated and validated for the same sub-basin, and the calibrated parameters were then applied to the entire watershed. Inflow values estimated by both models were validated considering a mass balance at the reservoir. The 1D-CNN model demonstrated a better performance in simulating daily values, peak flows, and the wet period. The MOHID-Land model showed a better performance in estimating streamflow values during dry periods and for a monthly analysis. Hence, results show the adequateness of both modeling solutions for integrating a decision support system aimed at supporting decision-makers in the management of water availability in an area subjected to increasing scarcity.
Nephroblastoma-specific dysregulated gene SNHG15 with prognostic significance: scRNA-Seq with bulk RNA-Seq data and experimental validation
Authors: Chang Mengmeng , Li Ding , Su Li , Ding Chen , Lu Zhiyi , Gao Hongjie , Sun Fengyin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWilms tumor (WT) is the most common malignancy of the genitourinary system in children. Currently, the Integration of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and Bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of heterogeneity between different cell types in pediatric WT tissues could more accurately find prognostic markers, but this is lacking. RNA-Seq and clinical data related to WT were downloaded from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) was identified as a risk signature from the TARGET dataset by using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, differentially expressed analysis and univariate Cox analysis. After that, the functional mechanisms, immunological and molecular characterization of SNHG15 were investigated at the scRNA-seq, pan-cancer, and RNA-seq levels using Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT. Based on scRNA-seq data, we identified 20 clusters in WT and annotated 10 cell types. Integration of single-cell and spatial data mapped ligand-receptor networks to specific cell types, revealing M2 macrophages as hubs for intercellular communication. In addition, in vitro cellular experiments showed that siRNAs interfering with SNHG15 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of G401 cells and promoted the apoptosis of G401 cells compared with the control group. The effect of siRNAs interfering with SNHG15 on EMT-related protein expression was verified by Western blotting assay. Thus, our findings will improve our current understanding of the pathogenesis of WT, and they are potentially valuable in providing novel prognosis markers for the treatment of WT.