bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and clinical significance of the posttreatment prostate‐specific antigen bounce for prostate cancer patients treated with external beam radiation therapy alone
Authors: Horwitz Eric M. , Levy Lawrence B. , Thames Howard D. , Kupelian Patrick A. , Martinez Alvaro A. , Michalski Jeffrey M. , Pisansky Thomas M. , Sandler Howard M. , Shipley William U. , Zelefsky Michael J. , Zietman Anthony L. , Kuban Deborah A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.The posttreatment prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) bounce phenomenon has been recognized in at least 20% of all patients treated with radiation. The purpose of the current report was to determine if there was a difference in biochemical and clinical control between the bounce and nonbounce (NB) patients using pooled data on 4839 patients with T1‐2 prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy (RT) alone at 9 institutions between 1986 and 1995.METHODS.The median follow‐up was 6.3 years. A posttreatment PSA bounce was defined by a minimal rise of 0.4 ng/mL over a 6‐month follow‐up period, followed by a drop in PSA level of any magnitude. Endpoints included no biochemical evidence of disease (bNED) failure (BF) (ASTRO definition), distant failure (DF), cause‐specific failure (CSF), and overall survival (OS). Patients were stratified by pretreatment PSA, Gleason score, T stage, age, dose, and risk group.RESULTS.In all, 978 (20%) patients experienced at least 1 posttreatment PSA bounce. Within 3 subgroups (risk group, pretreatment PSA, and age), statistically significant differences of remaining bounce‐free were observed on univariate analysis. Patients < 70 years had a 72% chance of remaining bounce‐free at 5 years compared with 75% for older patients (P = .04). The NB patients had 72% bNED control at 10 years compared with 58% for the bounce patients. The effect of a bounce remained statistically significant on multivariate analysis (P < .0001). No statistically significant difference in DF, CSF, or OS was observed.CONCLUSIONS.Patients treated with external beam radiation therapy alone who experience a posttreatment PSA bounce have increased risk of BF. However, this did not translate into a difference in clinical failure with the available follow‐up in the current study. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Rituximab combined with cladribine or with cladribine and cyclophosphamide in heavily pretreated patients with indolent lymphoproliferative disorders and mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Robak Tadeusz , Smolewski Piotr , Cebula Barbara , Szmigielska‐Kaplon Anna , Chojnowski Krzysztof , Blonski Jerzy Z. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn vitro studies have shown synergistic or additive interactions between rituximab and purine nucleoside analogues. The results of recent clinical trials seem to confirm these preclinical observations.METHODSFor the current study, the authors evaluated the feasibility, efficacy, and toxicity of combined regimens that consisted of either rituximab plus cladribine (2‐CdA) (the RC regimen) or RC plus cyclophosphamide (the RCC regimen) in the treatment of patients with heavily pretreated, indolent lymphoid malignancies. Fifty‐four adult patients with recurrent or refractory, low‐grade non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (LG‐NHL) and B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) were treated according to the RC/RCC regimens. The RC protocol consisted of intravenous rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on Day 1 and 2‐CdA at a dose of .12 mg/kg per day on Days 2 through 6. The RCC protocol consisted of rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on Day 1, 2‐CdA at a dose of 0.12 mg/m2 on Days 2 through 4, and intravenous cyclophosphamide at a dose of 250 mg/m2 per day on Days 2 to 4. The RC/RCC courses were repeated at 4‐week intervals.RESULTSThirty‐three patients with B‐CLL, 12 patients with LG‐NHL and 9 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) entered the study. Thirty‐three patients (61%) had recurrent disease after prior therapy, and 21 patients (39%) had refractory disease. Thirty‐one patients were treated on the RC regimen, and 23 patients were treated on the RCC regimen. Six patients (11%) achieved a complete response, and 33 patients (60%) achieved a partial response. The median failure‐free survival of responders was 10.5 months. The treatment revealed tolerability, with episodes of severe neutropenia (Grade 3 and 4 [according to World Health Organization criteria]) observed in 6 patients (11%), episodes of Grade 3 and 4 infections observed in 11 patients (20%), and episodes of Grade 3‐4 thrombocytopenia observed in 4 patients (7%).CONCLUSIONSThe RC and RCC regimens were highly effective and well tolerated modalities of treatment in heavily pretreated patients with indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Prevention of severe menorrhagia in oncology patients with treatment‐induced thrombocytopenia by luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone agonist and depo‐medroxyprogesterone acetate
Authors: Meirow Dror , Rabinovici Jaron , Katz Daniela , Or Reuven , Ben‐Yehuda Dina 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDMenorrhagia is a serious complication in young female oncology patients who suffer from severe thrombocytopenia during myelosuppressive treatment. To the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the incidence of this complication or the effectiveness of possible therapies for its prevention.METHODSIn this retrospective clinical study, after a thorough gynecologic evaluation, young female oncology patients with regular menstrual cycles undergoing myelosuppressive treatments received either depo‐medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), or D‐tryptophan‐6‐luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone depot treatment (gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist [GnRH‐a]), or no treatment before the administration of myelosuppresive chemotherapy. Only patients who later developed severe thrombocytopenia (<25,000 platelets per μL) were included in the study. Daily blood counts, menorrhagia, nonvaginal bleeding episodes, and the need for blood products, gynecologic consultations, and other medical interventions were determined.RESULTSOf 101 women with cancer who met the inclusion criteria, 42 patients received DMPA, 39 patients received GnRH‐a, and 20 patients remained untreated. The mean duration (± standard deviation) of severe thrombocytopenia was 24.76 ± 23.6 days. Four patients were not included because of significant gynecologic pathologies. General bleeding from nongynecologic sites was similar for all groups and was not associated with vaginal bleeding. Severe or moderate menorrhagia was documented in none of the 39 women who received GnRH‐a, in 9 patients (21.4%) who received DMPA, and in 9 untreated patients (40%; P = .02). Fewer calls for urgent gynecologic consultations were documented in the GnRH‐a group compared with the untreated group (P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSFemale patients undergoing myelosupressive therapy are at high risk of developing significant menorrhagia during prolonged, severe thrombocytopenia. Pretreatment gynecologic evaluation can detect significant pelvic pathologies. GnRH‐a treatment effectively prevented menorrhagia, whereas DMPA administration was less effective. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
P48 is a predictive marker for outcome of postoperative interferon‐α treatment in patients with hepatitis B virus infection‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qian Yong‐Bing , Zhang Ju‐Bo , Wu Wei‐Zhong , Fang Hong‐Bin , Jia Wei‐Dong , Zhuang Peng‐Yuan , Zhang Bo‐Heng , Pan Qi , Xu Yang , Wang Lu , Tang Zhao‐You , Sun Hui‐Chuan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Postoperative interferon‐α (IFN‐α) therapy improved survival in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The identification of predictive markers of outcome will help to select patients who are most likely to benefit from treatment.METHODS.An immunohistochemical study of P48 was performed on specimens that were collected from patients in a randomized trial who received postoperative IFN‐α therapy (Group 1; n = 80 patients) and who did not receive postoperative IFN‐α therapy (Group 2; n = 75 patients). Positive P48 expression was graded as ≥20% positive cells in 1 sample.RESULTS.Eighty‐one patients were positive for P48, and 74 patients were negative for P48. The clinicopathologic data were comparable between patients with P48‐negative and P48‐positive staining. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in P48‐positive patients were better than that in P48‐negative patients in Group 1 (DFS, P = .036; OS, P = .014), however, DFS and OS did not differ between patients with positive and negative P48 in Group 2. OS in P48‐positive patients from Group 1 was better than that in patients with P48‐positive patients from Group 2 (OS, P = .001) but did not differ when P48 was negative. In Group 1, the risk factors for DFS were cirrhosis and P48 staining, and the risk factors for OS were tumor differentiation and P48 staining. Receiver operating curve analysis indicated that, in the first 2 years of DFS, combined cirrhosis and P48 had good predictive accuracy; and, in the first 4 years of OS, combined tumor differentiation and P48 had good predictive accuracy.CONCLUSIONS.P48 was useful as a predictive marker of outcome after postoperative IFN‐α treatment in patients with HBV‐related HCC. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Cyclodimethylsiloxane (Me2SiO)m (m = 3–6) Ring Transformations on Reactions with AgSbF6; Crystal Structure of Ag(Me2SiO)7SbF6
Authors: Decken Andreas , LeBlanc Francis Arthur , Passmore Jack , Wang Xinping 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe reaction of Dm (D = Me2SiO, m = 3–6) with silver hexafluoroantimonate in liquid SO2 affords a mixture of AgDnSbF6 (n = 6–8) complexes. Upon the addition of CH3CN, Ag+‐directed ring transformations are effected, which allows for the isolation of neat Dn (n = 6–8). The AgDn+ cations are rare examples of Lewis acid donor complexes of silicon ethers and Ag+ oxygen donor complexes, and their isolation implies that numerous metal cation cyclosiloxanes can be prepared from readily available starting materials.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Nonlinear, Resonance‐Stabilized Pseudohalides: From Alkali Methanides to Ionic Liquids of Methanides
Authors: Brand Harald , Liebman Joel F. , Schulz Axel , Mayer Peter , Villinger Alexander 
Published: August 2006

AbstractNew 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (EMI) salts [EMI][X] (X = [HC(NO2)(CN)]–, [C(NO2)(NO)(CN)]–, [HC(NO)2]– and [HC(NO2)2]–) and 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium (BMI) salts [BMI][Y] (Y = [C(CN)3]– and [C(NO2)(NO)(CN)]–) were prepared and characterized. Different synthetic routes to these new resonance‐stabilized methanide‐based ionic liquids starting either from the explosive silver salts (except from Ag[C(CN)3]) or the easily accessible potassium salts have been described. The melting points of all new salts are lower than 100 °C, in fact, most of them are ionic liquids at room temperature. These strongly colored ionic liquids (besides [BMI][C(CN)3] which is colorless) are neither heat nor shock sensitive, are thermally stable up to over 52 °C ([EMI][C(NO2)(NO)(CN)]) and 270 °C ([BMI][C(CN)3]) and can be prepared in large quantities. The structure and bonding of resonance‐stabilized methanides ([CR1R2R3]– with, R1,2,3 = H, NO2, NO, and CN) is discussed on the basis of experimental and theoretical data. X‐ray data of Cs+[HC(NO2)(CN)]–, K+[HC(NO2)2]–, [EMI]+[C(NO2)(NO)(CN)]–, and [Me4N]+[C(NO2)(NO)(CN)]– reveal almost planar anions with strong cation···anion interactions in the alkali methanides resulting in three‐dimensional network structures in the solid state. Only weak interionic interactions are found for the ammonium salts. As shown by different theoretical approaches (charge transfer, resonance energies and NLMO delocalization) resonance effects occur in all three classes of methanides (NO2‐, NO‐, and CN‐substituted), however, the magnitude of such effect strongly differs depending on the degree of substitution. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis of Photoactive α‐Mannosides and Mannosyl Peptides and Their Evaluation for Lectin Labeling
Authors: Wiegand Michaela , Lindhorst Thisbe K. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractAdhesion to the glycosylated surface of eukaryotic cells, mediated by lectins for example, plays an important role in inflammation and other cellular processes of living organisms. To elucidate the mechanisms involved in the adhesion to cell surfaces and their biological consequences, the investigation of the molecular interactions between carbohydrate recognition domains of lectins and their ligands is of relevance. In this work, we have selected the photoaffinity labeling technique for the exploration of the ligand binding to mannose‐specific lectins, particularly the α‐mannose‐specific adhesin FimH, which is expressed at the tips of type 1 fimbriae of Escherichia coli bacteria. We have designed and synthesized a series of mannosides and glycopeptides derived thereof that are equipped with a photoactive functional group. It was our goal to compare the properties and labeling potencies of different types of photolabile residues, and therefore, photolabeled mannosides with an azide, a diazirine, and a benzophenone moiety were synthesized. Their crosslinking activity was investigated by photolysis in the presence of six different amino acids and with three model peptides, angiotensin II, PTHIKWGD, and pentaglycine as well. The crosslinked adducts so obtained were analyzed by mass spectrometry. In addition, difunctionalized mannosides were sought that contained a photolabel and a biotin marker to facilitate the isolation and the eventual identification, respectively, of the photolabeled peptides and proteins. To realize this concept, we have employed orthogonally functionalized glycoamino acid building blocks, which could be utilized as scaffold molecules for the synthesis of our bifunctional target molecules. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Protection from radiation‐induced mitochondrial and genomic DNA damage by an extract of Hippophae rhamnoides
Authors: Shukla Sandeep Kumar , Chaudhary Pankaj , Kumar Indracanti Prem , Samanta Namita , Afrin Farhat , Gupta Manju Lata , Sharma Upendra Kumar , Sinha Arun Kumar , Sharma Yogendra Kumar , Sharma Rakesh Kumar 
Published: August 2006

AbstractHippophae rhamnoides or seabuckthorn is used extensively in Indian and Tibetan traditional medicine for the treatment of circulatory disorders, ischemic heart disease, hepatic injury, and neoplasia. In the present study, we have evaluated the radioprotective potential of REC‐1001, a fraction isolated from the berries of H. rhamnoides. Chemical analysis of the extract indicated that REC‐1001 was ∼68% by weight polyphenols, and contained kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and quercetin. The effect of REC‐1001 on modulating radiation‐induced DNA damage was determined in murine thymocytes by measuring nonspecific nuclear DNA damage at the whole genome level using the alkaline halo assay and by measuring sequence/gene‐specific DNA damage both in nuclear DNA (β‐globin gene) and in mitochondrial DNA using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Treatment with 10 Gy resulted in a significant amount of DNA damage in the halo assay and reductions in the amplification of both the β‐globin gene and mitochondrial DNA. REC‐1001 dose‐dependently reduced the amount of damage detected in each assay, with the maximum protective effects observed at the highest REC‐1001 dose evaluated (250 μg/ml). Studies measuring the nicking of naked plasmid DNA further established the radioprotective effect of REC‐1001. To elucidate possible mechanisms of action, the antioxidant properties and the free‐radical scavenging activities of REC‐1001 were evaluated. REC‐1001 dose‐dependently scavenged radiation‐induced hydroxyl radicals, chemically‐generated superoxide anions, stabilized DPPH radicals, and reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+. The results of the study indicate that the REC‐1001 extract of H. rhamnoides protects mitochondrial and genomic DNA from radiation‐induced damage. The polyphenols/flavonoids present in the extract might be responsible for the free radical scavenging and DNA protection afforded by REC‐1001. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Screening and characterization of variant Theta‐class glutathione transferases catalyzing the activation of ethylene dibromide to a mutagen
Authors: Josephy P. David , Taylor Patricia L. , Vervaet Gaby , Mannervik Bengt 
Published: August 2006

AbstractEthylene dibromide (EDB) is a widespread environmental pollutant and mutagen/carcinogen. Certain Theta‐class glutathione transferases (GSTs), enzymes that catalyze the reaction of reduced glutathione (GSH) with electrophiles, activate EDB to a mutagen. Previous studies have shown that human GST T1‐1, but not rat GST T2‐2, activates EDB. We have constructed an E. coli lacZ reversion mutagenicity assay system in which expression of recombinant GST supports activation of EDB to a mutagen. Hexa‐histidine N‐terminal tagging of GST T1‐1 results in greatly enhanced expression of the recombinant enzyme and gives a lacZ strain that shows a mutagenic response to EDB at extremely low levels (∼1 ng EDB per plate). The hexa‐histidine‐tagged enzyme was purified in one step by Ni2+‐affinity chromatography. We applied the lacZ mutagenicity assay to the rapid screening of a library of variant GST Theta enzymes. Sequence variants with altered catalytic activities were identified, purified, and characterized. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Co‐electrospun poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide), gelatin, and elastin blends for tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Li Mengyan , Mondrinos Mark J. , Chen Xuesi , Gandhi Milind R. , Ko Frank K. , Lelkes Peter I. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn this study, we describe composite scaffolds composed of synthetic and natural materials with physicochemical properties suitable for tissue engineering applications. Fibrous scaffolds were co‐electrospun from a blend of a synthetic biodegradable polymer (poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid), PLGA, 10% solution) and two natural proteins, gelatin (denatured collagen, 8% solution) and α‐elastin (20% solution) at ratios of 3:1:2 and 2:2:2 (v/v/v). The resulting PLGA–gelatin–elastin (PGE) fibers were homogeneous in appearance with an average diameter of 380 ± 80 nm, which was considerably smaller than fibers made under identical conditions from the starting materials (PLGA, 780 ± 200 nm; gelatin, 447 ± 123 nm; elastin, 1060 ± 170 nm). Upon hydration, PGE fibers swelled to an average fiber diameter of 963 ± 132 nm, but did not disintegrate. Importantly, PGE scaffolds were stable in an aqueous environment without crosslinking and were more elastic than those made of pure elastin fibers. To investigate the cytocompatibility of PGE, we cultured H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts and rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on fibrous PGE scaffolds. We found that myoblasts grew equally as well or slightly better on the scaffolds than on tissue‐culture plastic. Microscopic evaluation confirmed that myoblasts reached confluence on the scaffold surfaces while simultaneously growing into the scaffolds. Histological characterization of the PGE constructs indicated that BMSCs penetrated into the center of scaffolds and began proliferating shortly after seeding. Our results suggest that fibrous scaffolds made of PGE and similar biomimetic blends of natural and synthetic polymers may be useful for engineering soft tissues, such as heart, lung, and blood vessels. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Detailed analysis of myocardial motion in volunteers and patients using high‐temporal‐resolution MR tissue phase mapping
Authors: Jung Bernd , Föll Daniela , Böttler Petra , Petersen Steffen , Hennig Jürgen , Markl Michael 
Published: August 2006

AbstractPurposeTo detect and investigate details in left ventricular (LV) motion patterns with a temporal resolution comparable to that of echocardiography.Material and MethodsTo assess global and regional myocardial motion in high temporal detail, respiratory‐gated MR phase‐contrast measurements with three‐directional velocity encoding (venc) were performed in 12 healthy volunteers and two patients with LV hypertrophy in basal, midventricular, and apical locations of the LV with a temporal resolution of 13.8 msec.ResultsThe volunteer data revealed details in LV motion patterns that were known only from echocardiography. For all volunteers, characteristic myocardial motion patterns, such as triphasic global diastolic expansion, could be detected with high accuracy. One volunteer underwent an additional echocardiographic measurement in order to corroborate the complex motion features as measured by MRI. Patient examinations revealed substantial changes in diastolic function compared to motion patterns in healthy volunteers.ConclusionThe proposed high‐temporal‐resolution velocity‐mapping technique provides previously undetectable information on LV performance, and is highly promising for the detection of local and global motion abnormalities in patients with disturbed LV performance, such as diastolic dysfunction. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Involvement of complement receptor 3 (CR3) and scavenger receptor in macrophage responses to wear debris
Authors: Rakshit Diptendu S. , Lim Jin T.E. , Ly Khanh , Ivashkiv Lionel B. , Nestor Bryan J. , Sculco Thomas P. , Purdue P. Edward 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe ability of prosthetic wear debris to induce pro‐inflammatory responses in macrophages is widely appreciated, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in particle recognition. Specifically, the nature of the cell surface receptors that interact with wear debris is poorly understood. Elucidating the identities of these receptors and how they interact with different types of wear debris are critical to understanding how wear debris initiates periprosthetic osteolysis. We examined the involvement of opsonization, complement receptor 3 (CR3), and scavenger receptor A (SRA), in responses to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and titanium wear particles. Serum dependence of pro‐inflammatory responses to PMMA and titanium was tested, and serum proteins that adhered to these two types of particles were identified. Several serum proteins, including known opsonins such as C3bi and fibronectin, adhered to PMMA but not titanium, and serum was required for pro‐inflammatory signaling induced by PMMA, but not by titanium. Phagocytosis of PMMA and titanium by macrophages was demonstrated by flow cytometry. Blocking CR3 specifically inhibited phagocytosis of PMMA by macrophages, whereas blocking SRA specifically inhibited titanium uptake. Direct involvement of CR3 and SRA in cell–particle interaction was assessed by expression of these receptors in nonphagocytic HEK293 cells. CR3 specifically induced cell binding to PMMA particles and adhesion to PMMA‐coated plates, while SRA specifically induced binding to titanium particles and adhesion to titanium‐coated plates. Taken together, these results suggest involvement of opsonization, complement, and integrin receptors, including CR3 and fibronectin receptors, in PMMA action, and an involvement of scavenger receptors in responses to titanium. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 24:2036–2044, 2006