bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Dogs Diagnosed with Medial Shoulder Instability Using Radiofrequency‐Induced Thermal Capsulorrhaphy
Authors: Cook James L. , Tomlinson James L. , Fox Derek B. , Kenter Keith , Cook Cristi R. 
Published: October 2005

Objective— To report clinical findings and outcome in dogs diagnosed with medial shoulder instability (MSI) treated with radiofrequency‐induced thermal capsulorrhaphy (RITC).Study Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=43) with MSI.Methods— Medical records from consecutive cases with MSI based on orthopedic examination, palpation of shoulder abduction angles, and arthroscopic findings were used to determine clinical findings and long‐term (≥1 year) outcome of RITC.Results— Forty‐three dogs met the criteria for inclusion; 2 dogs had bilateral MSI. The most common clinical findings were chronic unilateral weight‐bearing lameness, large (>45°) shoulder abduction angles, and spinatus muscle atrophy in the affected limb. Mean preoperative abduction angle (50.7°±4.8°) in affected shoulders was significantly larger than in the unaffected shoulders (32.5°±2.1°). Mean postoperative abduction angle in affected shoulders was not significantly different from unaffected shoulders when measured immediately, 8, 16–20 weeks, and ∼1 year after surgery. Follow‐up evaluation ranged from 1 to 6.2 years. RITC treatment resulted in improved clinical function in 40 cases (93%) with 34 cases (79%) considered excellent; 3 cases (7%) were considered failures.Conclusions— RITC was a safe and effective method of treatment of MSI in most dogs studied.Clinical Relevance— RITC can be considered as a viable option for surgical treatment of selected cases of MSI in dogs.
Trichophytobezoar Duodenal Obstruction in New World Camelids
Authors: Sullivan Eileen K. , Callan Robert J. , Holt Timothy N. , Van Metre David C. 
Published: October 2005

Objective—To describe clinical findings, surgical treatment, and outcome associated with trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction in New World camelids.Study Design—Retrospective studyAnimals—Alpacas (7) and 1 llama.Methods—Historical and clinical data were obtained from the medical records of New World camelids with a diagnosis of trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction confirmed by surgical exploration or necropsy.Results—Seven camelids were <1 year old. Abnormal clinical findings included anorexia, reduced fecal output, recumbency, colic, abdominal distension, regurgitation, decreased serum chloride concentration, increased serum bicarbonate concentration, and/or elevated first gastric compartment chloride concentration. Survey abdominal radiographs obtained (4 animals) revealed gastric distension (4) and/or visualization of the obstruction (2). Diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy (1) or surgery (7). Right paracostal celiotomy was performed on all animals and duodenotomy (3) or retropulsion of the trichophytobezoar combined with third compartment gastrotomy (4) was used to remove the obstruction. Six animals survived to discharge and 5 were healthy at follow‐up, 8–20 months later. The remaining discharged alpaca was healthy at 12 months but subsequently died of unrelated causes.Conclusions—Diagnosis of trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction should be considered in juvenile New World camelids with abdominal distension and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Right paracostal celiotomy can be used for access to the descending duodenum and third gastric compartment for surgical relief of obstruction.Clinical Relevance—Duodenal obstruction from bezoars should be considered in New World camelids <1year of age with abdominal distension and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Surgical relief of the obstruction by right paracostal celiotomy has a good prognosis.
Thoracoscopic Lung Lobectomy for Treatment of Lung Tumors in Dogs
Authors: Lansdowne Jennifer L. , Monnet Eric , Twedt David C. , Dernell William S. 
Published: October 2005

Objective—To report use of thoracoscopic lung lobectomy (TLL) for treatment of lung tumors (LT) in dogs.Study Design—Retrospective study.Animals—Nine dogs.Methods—Dogs that had TLL for tumor removal were included. Using general anesthesia and 1‐lung ventilation, TLL was performed using a 30–60 mm endoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler. If the visual field was obscured, lobe resection was completed via thoracotomy.Results—Metastatic and primary LT were resected by thoracoscopic lobectomy in 9 dogs (6 male, 3 female; mean (±SD) weight, 29±7 kg; mean age, 10.7±1.9 years). Six dogs had a solitary mass and 3 dogs had 2 masses within a single lobe. The left caudal lobe was removed in 3 dogs. In 5 dogs, TLL was used alone whereas conversion to thoracotomy was required in 4 dogs because of poor visibility. There were 7 metastatic LT and 2 primary LT. Mean duration of thoracoscopic surgery was 108.8±30.3 minutes compared with 150.75±55.4 minutes in dogs requiring conversion to thoracotomy. Mean hospitalization was 3.1±1.3 days.Conclusion—Provided the visual field is not obscured, TLL can be performed effectively in dogs.Clinical Relevance—Dogs with metastatic or primary LTs should be considered for TLL, particularly for small masses positioned away from the hilus in the left caudal lung lobe.
Influence of Xylella fastidiosa infection of citrus on host selection by leafhopper vectors
Authors: Marucci R.C. , Lopes J.R.S. , Vendramim J.D. , Corrente J.E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractInfection of plants by pathogens can influence their attractiveness and suitability to insect vectors and other herbivores. Here we examined the effects of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae) infection by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, which causes citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), on the feeding preferences of two sharpshooter vectors, Dilobopterus costalimai Young and Oncometopia facialis (Signoret) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Experiments were performed inside observation chambers, in which a healthy plant and an infected one (with or without CVC symptoms) were supplied to a group of 40 sharpshooters. The number of insects that selected each treatment was recorded at several time intervals in 48 h. In another experiment, the ingestion rate on healthy and infected (symptomatic or not) plants was evaluated by measuring the liquid excretion of sharpshooters that were confined on branches of each plant for 72 h. Both sharpshooter species preferred healthy plants to those with CVC symptoms. However, O. facialis did not discriminate between healthy citrus and symptomless infected plants. Feeding by D. costalimai was markedly reduced when confined on CVC‐symptomatic plants, but not on asymptomatic infected ones. The ingestion rate by O. facialis was not affected by the presence of CVC symptoms. The results suggest that citrus trees with early (asymptomatic) infections by X. fastidiosa may be more effective as inoculum sources for CVC spread by insect vectors than those with advanced symptoms.
Differential inter‐ and intra‐specific defense induction in Lupinus by Myzus persicae feeding
Authors: Cardoza Yasmin J. , Reidy‐Crofts Jenny , Edwards Owain R. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractExperiments were conducted to investigate the potential induction of plant defenses by Myzus persicae Sulzer (Homoptera: Aphididae) feeding on five lupin, Lupinus spp. (Leguminosae), varieties with well‐characterized levels of aphid resistance. Myzus persicae feeding on L. angustifolius and L. luteus varieties induced genotype‐specific changes in their host that were not consistent with the level of aphid resistance or the plant species. The plant responses were systemically detected by apterous and alate forms of the aphids. Chemical assays revealed no induction of oxidizing enzyme (catalase, peroxidase, or polyphenol oxidase) activity, serine or cystein proteinase inhibitors, or soluble phenolics in any of the five varieties tested following 3 days of feeding by 10 or 30 aphids. However, there were significant differences among the five lupin varieties in the levels of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity, proteinase inhibitors, and soluble phenolics.
Do plant cues influence the oviposition behavior of Japanese beetles?
Authors: Szendrei Zsofia , Isaacs Rufus 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA bioassay arena was developed to test the response of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), to various plant‐derived factors that may influence the selection of oviposition sites. In choice experiments with natural and artificial plant cues, females preferred to lay eggs in ryegrass rather than in artificial resources. Artificial grass stems received more eggs on average than bare ground, indicating the role of vertical objects on the soil surface as oviposition cues. Popillia japonica females were able to discriminate between the quality and quantity of the artificial stems, as more eggs were laid in soil blocks that had larger diameter stems or a higher number of stems per soil block. Beetles were capable of evaluating plant characteristics on the soil surface and adjusted their investment accordingly; more eggs were laid in resources that were chosen more frequently. Observations of females in choice arenas revealed how surface cues influence digging behavior and the time spent under the soil surface. The number of digging events was not significantly different among the three treatments with surface cues (ryegrass, grass roots, and artificial grass), but beetles spent significantly more time in the soil under ryegrass than any of the other treatments. These findings suggest that oviposition by P. japonica is selective and is influenced by plant‐derived cues evaluated before and after digging into the soil.
Model simulation of the patient flow through a screening centre for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Hansen Anja B. , Hansen René Normann , Colding‐Jørgensen Morten , Borch‐Johnsen Knut , Lund‐Andersen Henrik 
Published: October 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  To construct a quantitative, flexible and simplified mathematical model of the patient flow through the Eye Clinic at the Steno Diabetes Centre (SDC) in order to enable rational dimensioning and assess the effects of modifications. Methods:  Patient data were drawn from the Eye Care database at the SDC. A simple patient flow model was constructed, allowing simultaneous adjustments of all variables, and the model was tested. Two scenarios were simulated: (1) adjusting the algorithm that assigns the follow‐up intervals, and (2) increasing the population size to include all patients with diabetes in Copenhagen County. Results:  The model can describe the patient flow under steady state conditions, but is less precise in predicting transient changes with the present set‐up. Accordingly all simulations were run for a substantial number of iterations. The two scenarios illustrate the usefulness of the model by calculating the required photographic examination capacity for the specific population, thereby allowing better estimations of future dimensioning of the organization. Conclusion:  The study presents a patient flow model that can be used to illustrate the effects of proposed changes prior to their implementation, specifically with respect to the capacity of the system.
Limbal anaesthesia versus topical anaesthesia for clear corneal phacoemulsification
Authors: Cagini Carlo , De Carolis Alessandra , Fiore Tito , Iaccheri Barbara , Giordanelli Antonella , Romanelli Donatella 
Published: October 2005

Abstract.Purpose:  To compare the safety and clinical efficacy provided by limbal anaesthesia with topical anaesthesia in cataract surgery. Methods:  A total of 117 consecutive patients undergoing routine cataract surgery were randomly assigned to receive limbal or topical anaesthesia. Limbal anaesthesia was administered with a cellulose ophthalmic sponge soaked in preservative‐free lidocaine hydrochloride 4% applied to the temporal perilimbal area for 45 seconds immediately before surgery. For topical anaesthesia lidocaine 4% was instilled in each patient at 10‐min intervals four times before surgery. We studied phaco time, perioperative pain, visual outcome and intraoperative complications. The level of intraoperative pain was scored on a scale of 1−10, where 1 = no pain and 10 = severe pain. Results:  55 patients (91.6%) in the topical group and 54 patients (94.7%) in the limbal group tolerated the procedure well, giving pain scores of 1−3, with no statistical difference. No patients in either group required supplemental anaesthesia and no intraoperative complications were recorded. No eyes had epithelial defects at the end of surgery or at postoperative check‐ups. Conclusion:  Limbal anaesthesia in cataract surgery is safe and the two anaesthesia techniques do not present differences in the degree of analgesia achieved.
Factors associated with chronic depressive episodes: a preliminary report from the STAR‐D project
Authors: Gilmer W. S. , Trivedi M. H. , Rush A. J. , Wisniewski S. R. , Luther J. , Howland R. H. , Yohanna D. , Khan A. , Alpert J. 
Published: October 2005

Objective:  To identify baseline sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with a current chronic major depressive episode (MDE).Method:  Outpatients with major depressive disorder enrolled in 41 US primary or psychiatric care sites were divided into two groups based on self‐report of current episode length (<24 or ≥24 months). Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with chronicity of current depressive episode.Results:  About 21.2% of 1380 subjects were in current, chronic MDEs. Older age, less education, lower income, no private insurance, unemployment, greater general medical illness burden, lower physical quality of life, concurrent generalized anxiety disorder, fewer prior episodes, and history of prior suicide attempts were all associated with chronic episodes. Blacks, Hispanics, and patients receiving care in primary as opposed to psychiatric care settings exhibited greater chronicity.Conclusion:  Chronic depressive episodes are common and are associated with greater illness burden, comorbidity, socioeconomic disadvantage, and racial/ethnic minority status.
Changes in health over time in patients with symptoms allegedly caused by their dental restorative materials
Authors: Tillberg A. , Berglund A. , Mårell L. , Bergdahl J. , Eriksson N. , Lindén G. , Stenberg B. , Widman L. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract –  Objectives:  In Sweden, many patients with symptoms allegedly caused by their dental materials have exchanged their restorations, but the effects of the exchange have been insufficiently investigated. Therefore, the aim of the study was to describe the change in health over time for these patients and the hypothesis was that the patients could be divided based on their symptoms and that the ability to recover differs between these groups. Furthermore, we also examined if other factors such as replacement of dental restorative materials and follow‐up time had any impact on the perceived health status.Methods:  A questionnaire was sent to 614 patients who had been referred to the School of Dentistry, Umeå, Sweden, with symptoms allegedly caused by dental restorative materials. The response rate was 55%.Results:  The risk of having any further complaints was higher for patients with complex symptoms (P = 0.03) and these patients had exchanged their restorations to a significantly larger extent than the others (P = 0.03). The remaining complaints was more frequent among men (P = 0.02). Exchange of dental restorative materials had no significant impact on the ability to recover completely. However, the patients who had exchanged their restorations completely perceived a significantly larger alleviation of their symptoms than the others (P < 0.01), although the frequency of most of the symptoms had increased.Conclusions:  Patients with complex symptoms had a more unfavorable long‐term prognosis concerning persistent complaints than those with localized symptoms only. Furthermore, the results indicate that the patients might experience health improvements after removal of their dental restorative materials. The reason for this improvement, however, is unclear. Further analyses regarding other possible explanations than the ‘odontological/medical’ are needed.
Photographs as a means of assessing developmental defects of enamel
Authors: Wong Hai Ming , McGrath Colman , Lo Edward CM , King Nigel M 
Published: October 2005

Abstract –  Objectives:  To evaluate the validity and reliability of photographic examinations for developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in maxillary and mandibular incisors and canines using a standardized process.Methods:  The anterior teeth of 257 children were examined ‘wet’, both clinically and photographically for DDE, using the modified Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) (DDE) Index. A series of five standardized photographs were taken for each child: a frontal view perpendicular to the four incisors; two lateral views, each showing the lateral incisors and canines on each side of the dental arch; and the superior and inferior views, retaking of the frontal view with the camera held at approximately 30° above and below the horizontal plane. The photographs taken for each child were viewed as three different sets; the ‘five‐view’ (frontal, two lateral views plus superior and inferior views), ‘three‐view’ (frontal and two lateral views), and ‘one‐view’ (frontal view only) slide sets.Results:  Using ‘one view’ slides, 91.7% of teeth could be examined photographically. Whereas using multiple views 99.9% of teeth could be assessed. At the subject level, agreements between clinical diagnoses (gold standard) and photographic examinations were substantial to almost perfect (k = 0.73–0.86). At the tooth level, agreement was best for incisors (k = 0.71 or higher). The intra‐examiner reproducibility was high for the photographic assessments at both subject and tooth levels (k = 0.71–0.95).Conclusions:  Multiple‐view photographic slides of ‘five‐view’ and ‘three‐view’ are valid and reliable for assessing DDE on the 12 anterior teeth, while a ‘one‐view’ (frontal) was acceptable to study only the incisors.
Examining the association between parenting stress and the development of early childhood caries
Authors: Tang Clarence , Quinonez Rocio B. , Hallett Kerrod , Lee Jessica Y. , Kenneth Whitt J. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract – Objectives: Numerous studies have explored the effects of pediatric health on parenting stress, but very little work has been carried out to explore the opposite and equally as compelling relationship of how parenting stress might affect child health, especially as it relates to oral health. This study examined the association between parenting stress and early childhood caries (ECC) in 97, 4‐ to 5‐year‐old Australian children attending preschools in the North Brisbane Health Region, Australia.Methods: Using a cross‐sectional study design, clinical examinations were conducted to evaluate the caries status of each child. Two caregiver questionnaires were completed – one soliciting demographic and oral health behavior information, and the other, information on parenting stress.Results: This study demonstrated a significant bivariate association between parenting stress and ECC experience as measured by dmft; however, the association did not persist in the two‐part forward‐selection logistic and linear regression models. A negative association between social desirability (defensive responding) and extent of caries was also determined.Conclusions: Our findings suggest the need to conduct longitudinal studies to give proper consideration to the temporal aspect of caries development and clarify the results obtained by on the relationship between parenting stress and oral health. Further study is also warranted to more clearly elucidate the association between social desirability (defensive responding) in parents and their children's ECC experience.
Influence of the patient's race on the dentist's decision to extract or retain a decayed tooth
Authors: Cabral Etenildo Dantas , Caldas Arnaldo de França , Cabral Hilda Azevedo Moreira 
Published: October 2005

Abstract – Objectives:  The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the patient's race on the dentist's decision to extract or retain a decayed tooth.Methods:  A probabilistic random sample of 297 dentists from Recife, Brazil, was used. Two case scenarios were presented to the dentists. Both scenarios showed a molar that was extensively decayed, but indicated for conservative treatment. The scenarios included a description of the patient and eight photographs of the clinical case, including a photograph of the patient's face. The dentists were asked to regard the patient as poor and then to decide whether to extract or retain the molar. However, although the scenarios were based on the same clinical case, the photographs of the patient's face were different. One scenario showed the photograph of a white patient whereas the other showed the photograph of a black patient. The first scenario was presented 2 months before the second so that the dentists would not remember the former.Results:  The dentist's decision varied significantly according to the patient's race, with dentists deciding to extract more frequently for the black patient than for the white patient (25.6%vs. 16.2%; P < 0.001). This racial variation occurred regardless of the demographic and socioeconomic variables of the dentists. It did, however, occur as a function of the setting of the dentist's practice.Conclusion:  The patient's race may influence a dentist's decision whether to extract or retain a decayed tooth.
A Fast Direct Solution Method for Nonlinear Equations in an Analytic Element Model
Authors: Haitjema Henk M. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe analytic element method, like the boundary integral equation method, gives rise to a system of equations with a fully populated coefficient matrix. For simple problems, these systems of equations are linear, and a direct solution method, such as Gauss elimination, offers the most efficient solution strategy. However, more realistic models of regional ground water flow involve nonlinear equations, particularly when including surface water and ground water interactions. The problem may still be solved by use of Gauss elimination, but it requires an iterative procedure with a reconstruction and decomposition of the coefficient matrix at every iteration step. The nonlinearities manifest themselves as changes in individual matrix coefficients and the elimination (or reintroduction) of several equations between one iteration and the other. The repeated matrix reconstruction and decomposition is computationally intense and may be avoided by use of the Sherman‐Morrison formula, which can be used to modify the original solution in accordance with (small) changes in the coefficient matrix. The computational efficiency of the Sherman‐Morrison formula decreases with increasing numbers of equations to be modified. In view of this, the Sherman‐Morrison formula is only used to remove equations from the original set of equations, while treating all other nonlinearities by use of an iterative refinement procedure.
Achieving Excellence in Practice: A Model for Continuing Education for Nurse Practitioners
Authors: Green Roger , Gorzka Patricia , Kodish Slavica 
Published: October 2005

PurposeTo provide a continuing education (CE) model that will meet varied needs of nurse practitioners by incorporating the variable of years of experience in practice setting.Data sourcesAn empirical study conducted over a period of approximately 10 months, from Fall 2002 to Spring 2003 in one of the southeastern states.ConclusionsA model has been developed to plan and deliver CE education programs based on the changing CE needs of NPs as they gain experience and expertise.Implications for practiceResults of this study may be used to guide providers to develop and offer CE programs based on the CE needs of NPs related to length of time in clinical practice, general issues of practice, and specialty practice area needs.