bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulin G genetic variation can confound assessment of antibody levels via altered binding to detection reagents
Authors: Purcell Ruth A , Aurelia L Carissa , Esterbauer Robyn , Allen Lilith F , Bond Katherine A , Williamson Deborah A , Trevillyan Janine M , Trubiano Jason A , Juno Jennifer J , Wheatley Adam K , Davenport Miles P , Nguyen Thi HO , Kedzierska Katherine , Kent Stephen J , Selva Kevin John , Chung Amy W 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesAmino acid variations across more than 30 immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes may introduce structural changes that influence recognition by anti‐Ig detection reagents, consequently confounding interpretation of antibody responses, particularly in genetically diverse cohorts. Here, we assessed a panel of commercial monoclonal anti‐IgG1 clones for capacity to universally recognise two dominant IgG1 haplotypes (G1m‐1,3 and G1m1,17).MethodsFour commercial monoclonal anti‐human IgG1 clones were assessed via ELISAs and multiplex bead‐based assays for their ability to bind G1m‐1,3 and G1m1,17 IgG1 variants. Detection antibodies were validated against monoclonal IgG1 allotype standards and tested for capacity to recognise antigen‐specific plasma IgG1 from G1m‐1,3 and G1m1,17 homozygous and heterozygous SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT162b2 vaccinated (n = 28) and COVID‐19 convalescent (n = 44) individuals. An Fc‐specific pan‐IgG detection antibody corroborated differences between hinge‐ and Fc‐specific anti‐IgG1 responses.ResultsHinge‐specific anti‐IgG1 clone 4E3 preferentially bound G1m1,17 compared to G1m‐1,3 IgG1. Consequently, SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike‐specific IgG1 levels detected in G1m1,17/G1m1,17 BNT162b2 vaccinees appeared 9‐ to 17‐fold higher than in G1m‐1,3/G1m‐1,3 vaccinees. Fc‐specific IgG1 and pan‐IgG detection antibodies equivalently bound G1m‐1,3 and G1m1,17 IgG1 variants, and detected comparable Spike‐specific IgG1 levels between haplotypes. IgG1 responses against other human coronaviruses and influenza were similarly poorly detected by 4E3 anti‐IgG1 in G1m‐1,3/G1m‐1,3 subjects.ConclusionAnti‐IgG1 clone 4E3 confounds assessment of antibody responses in clinical cohorts owing to bias towards detection of G1m1,17 IgG1 variants. Validation of anti‐Ig clones should include evaluation of binding to relevant antibody variants, particularly as the role of immunogenetics upon humoral immunity is increasingly explored in diverse populations.
Modified cell trace violet proliferation assay preserves lymphocyte viability and allows spectral flow cytometry analysis
Authors: Davis Joanne E. , Ludford‐Menting Mandy , Koldej Rachel , Ritchie David S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this study we describe three different methods for labeling T lymphocytes with cell trace violet (CTV), in order to track cell division in mouse and human cells, in both the in vitro and in vivo setting. We identified a modified method of CTV labeling that can be applied directly to either conventional or spectral flow cytometry, that maintained lymphocyte viability and function, yet minimized dye spill‐over into other fluorochrome channels. Our optimized method for CTV labeling allowed us to identify up to eight cell divisions and the replication index for in vitro‐stimulated mouse and human lymphocytes, and the co‐expression of T‐cell subset markers. Furthermore, the homeostatic trafficking, expansion and division of CTV‐labeled congenic donor T cells could be detected using spectral cytometry, in an adoptive T‐cell transfer mouse model. Our optimized CTV method can be applied to both in vitro and in vivo settings to examine the behavior and phenotype of activated T cells.
Benzocoumarin‐Fused Triskelions Exhibit AIEE Due to Inhibited Molecular Inversion
Authors: Ueda Masafumi , Kuramochi Midori , Shimizu Riho , Ohba Yuki , Yamamoto Norifumi , Mazaki Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDeveloping aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) is a unique strategy for alleviating concentration quenching of π‐conjugated organic compounds. This AIE behaviour can be induced not only in organic dyes with rotors but also in invertible π‐conjugated systems. Herein, intramolecular Ullmann coupling was used to synthesize π‐twisted triskelion‐shaped AIEgens (2F, 2G, and 2H), in which benzo[f], [g], and [h] coumarins were fused into the benzene core to form a helical propeller shape. These structural isomers had unique molecular thicknesses and planarities depending on the fusion mode of the benzocoumarin. The racemic crystals, PPP and MMM, had different overlapping molecular configurations because of their twisted molecular frameworks. Compounds 2F, 2G and 2H demonstrated weak fluorescence emission in diluted solutions resulting from molecular motions caused by the isomerization process during molecular inversion. By comparison, aggregates exhibited enhanced emission intensity. These π‐twisted triskelions exhibited the characteristics of AIEgens.
Nanoparticles based on carbon dots and reduced graphene oxide as electrochemical sensor for voltammetric determination of hydroxychloroquine
Authors: dos Santos Júnior José Carlos , de Oliveira S. Silva Jonatas , dos Santos José Felipe , Santos Monteiro Michael Douglas , Oliveira Rodrigues Marcelo , Midori Sussuchi Eliana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe hybrid material was obtained from the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) followed by GO chemical reduction with L‐ascorbic acid. Then hydrothermal synthesis was carried out to form and grow carbon dots (CDs) on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The material obtained, CD@rGO, was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the infrared (FTIR), Raman and UV‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectroscopy, in addition to X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. The results indicated the formation of carbon dots on the surface of rGO. The study of the voltammetric determination of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was performed using adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) and employing a modified electrode with CD@rGO (ECR). Optimizations were kept in the electrolytic environment and AdSV technique parameters, making it possible to obtain a LOD and LOQ of 2.40 and 7.99 pmol L−1, respectively. The evaluation of the ECR electrochemical stability, repeatability and reproducibility tests were performed with maximum variations of up to 2.79 and 2.03 %, respectively. Determinations in commercial samples of HCQ (tablets) and synthetic urine, recovery in the range of 101.55–106.83 % were obtained.
Numerical studies of manipulation and separation of microparticles in ODEP‐based microfluidic chips
Authors: Zhao Kai , Yao Junzhu , Wei Yunman , Kong Dejian , Wang Junsheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA novel optical‐induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP) method employing a pressure‐driven flow for the continuous separation of microparticles is presented in this study. By applying alternate current electric field on conductive indium tin oxide substrate and projecting the light geometry into the photoconductive layer, an inhomogeneous electric field is locally induced. The particles experience the dielectrophoretic force when passing through the lighting area, where the strongest electrical field gradient exists. By optimizing the structure of the lighting pattern, a stronger nonuniform electric field gradient is generated which predicts the separation of 1 and 3 µm polystyrene particles. Moreover, the effects of key parameters, including the light pattern geometry, applied voltage, and flow rate, were investigated in this study, leading to the successful sorting of 700 nm and 1 µm particles. To further examine the separation sensitivity and practicability of the proposed ODEP microfluidic method, the isolation of two different types of circulating tumor cells from T‐cells and red blood cells are demonstrated, providing a novel method for the manipulation and separation of microparticles and nanoparticles.
Semi‐transparent metal electrode‐free all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells using floating‐catalyst‐synthesized carbon nanotubes
Authors: Yoon Saemon , Lee Il Hyun , Han Jiye , Bahadur Jitendra , Lee Seojun , Lee Sangsu , Kim Dong Suk , Mikladal B. , Kauppinen Esko I. , Kang Dong‐Won , Jeon Il 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells offer a promising future for next‐generation photovoltaics owing to numerous advantages such as high efficiency and ease of processing. However, two significant challenges, air stability, and manufacturing costs, hamper their commercialization. This study proposes a solution to these issues by introducing a floating catalyst‐based carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode into all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells for the first time. The use of CNT eliminates the need for metal electrodes, which are primarily responsible for high fabrication costs and device instability. The nanohybrid film formed by combining hydrophobic CNT with polymeric hole‐transporting materials acted as an efficient charge collector and provided moisture protection. Remarkably, the metal‐electrode‐free CNT‐based all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells demonstrated outstanding stability, maintaining their efficiency for over 4000 h without encapsulation in air. These cells achieved a retention efficiency of 13.8%, which is notable for all‐inorganic perovskites, and they also exhibit high transparency in both the visible and infrared regions. The obtained efficiency was the highest for semi‐transparent all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells. Building on this, a four‐terminal tandem device using a low‐band perovskite solar cell achieved a power conversion efficiency of 21.1%. These CNT electrodes set new benchmarks for the potential of perovskite solar cells with groundbreaking device stability and tandem applicability, demonstrating a step toward industrial applications.image
Free flap jaw reconstruction with dental implantation: A single‐institution experience
Authors: Ostrander Benjamin T. , Meller Leo , Harmon Matthew , Archambault Katya , Kristallis Thanos , Hammer Daniel , Orosco Ryan K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to review our institution's experience with dental implant placement in free flap jaw reconstruction to determine factors impacting restoration of dental occlusion.MethodsExactly 48 patients underwent free flap jaw reconstruction with or without dental restoration from 2017 to 2022. Primary outcome was achievement of restored dental occlusion after jaw free flap reconstruction.ResultsA total of 48 patients with a mean age of 59.8 ± 16.4 years underwent jaw reconstruction from 2017 to 2022. Ten patients (20.8%) received osteointegrated dental implants. Two patients received a temporary dental prosthesis, 12 ± 4 months after initial reconstruction. Three patients received a final prosthesis, with a mean time to final prosthesis of 17.7 ± 12.4 months. Five patients did not receive any prosthesis despite placement of implants.ConclusionA minority of patients received dental implant placement with free flap jaw reconstruction and only a small subset of these received a definitive dental prosthesis.
Dark side of algorithmic management on platform worker behaviors: A mixed‐method study
Authors: Lu Ying , Yang Miles M. , Zhu Jianhua , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the impact of algorithmic management on worker behaviors, focusing on workers' commitment to service quality and referral tendencies. Drawing upon the job demands‐resources model, we argue that high levels of algorithmic management could create hindrance demands that impede service quality and demotivate referral behaviors. We propose that high workload, as a challenge demand, buffers the negative effects of algorithmic management on worker outcomes. We find support for our proposed research model in an experiment with a sample of 1362 platform‐based food‐delivery riders. We also conduct a qualitative study with 21 riders, which provides a more nuanced understanding of how algorithmic management affects workers' attitudes, behaviors, and referral tendencies.
Livestock–irrigation interaction and its influence on the sustainability of small‐scale irrigation schemes in Ethiopia
Authors: Dessalegn Hanan Tadele , Bolding Alex , de Fraiture Charlotte , Ayana Mekonen 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSmall‐scale irrigation (SSI) plays a large role in rural livelihoods and the economy in Ethiopia. Despite considerable investment, overall SSI performance is disappointingly poor. The sedimentation of canals and intakes leads to low performance and the abandonment of systems. Livestock roaming in the command area and around riverbanks are an important contributor to sedimentation. Commonly proposed solutions, including technocratic fixes, institutional arrangements between irrigators and livestock farmers, and collective action by irrigators, have not yielded satisfactory results. Based on three case studies from Ethiopia, we illustrate why existing solutions are not effective and why collective action is not straightforward. Using in‐depth interviews and focus‐group discussions, we examine the complex intertwined relationships between irrigators, livestock farmers and local government. Without understanding the interrelationship and accounting for the links between irrigation and livestock in the design and governance structures of SSI, the proposed technical and organizational fixes are unlikely to be successful. Addressing conflicting interests and building consensus and trust among irrigators and livestock farmers are prerequisites for solving the performance concerns of many Ethiopian SSIs.
Global evapotranspiration simulation research using a coupled deep learning algorithm with physical mechanisms
Authors: Sun Yongxi , Dong Yuru , Chen Yanfei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) serve as critical parameters in the water vapour exchange between terrestrial surfaces and the atmosphere. ET denotes the theoretical maximum evapotranspiration achievable under ideal conditions, whereas AET represents the actual evapotranspiration observed, factoring in the constraints imposed by available water resources. Precise estimation of AET is imperative for the optimization of water resource management and the advancement of sustainable development initiatives. In recent years, deep learning techniques have been extensively utilized in AET estimation. However, traditional deep learning models often lack the incorporation of essential physical constraints. We proceeded to enhance the loss function of the temporal convolutional network (TCN) by taking into account the physical relationships that exist among soil water content (SWC), potential evapotranspiration (PET) and AET, thereby introducing a novel physically coupled deep learning model (AET, SWC after kernel principal component analysis, PET, TCN and AKP‐TCN), and checked the rationality of the model with the FLUXNET 2015 dataset. These findings underscore that the AKP‐TCN model exhibits heightened sensitivity to peak fluctuations in AET under the imposition of physical constraints. This approach notably enhances the precision of AET simulations in areas marked by complex and variable climatic conditions, such as the Mediterranean climate zone and Oceania, achieving determination coefficient (R2) values surpassing the threshold of 0.900. Compared to traditional models, which include long short‐term memory (LSTM), convolutional neural networks (CNN) and TCN, the AKP‐TCN delivers substantial R2 improvements of 16%, 16% and 9%, respectively. This advancement offers a novel perspective for coupling deep learning with physical mechanisms.
Recovering from natural disaster through exports: The case of 2010 Pakistan flood and EU tariff waiver on Pakistan textile exports
Authors: Ijaz Arusha , Yu Jisang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study is to estimate the impact of a unilateral tariff waiver to Pakistan from the EU, intended as a relief package after the 2010 floods, on cotton exports and production in the country. We use the Synthetic Control Method and the Interactive Fixed Effects Counterfactual Estimator to assess the impact of the 2010 flood and the 2012 tariff waiver. Our findings suggest that the 2010 flood in Pakistan and the subsequent 2012 tariff waiver had limited impacts on cotton exports and production in Pakistan.
Impact of lease versus buy decisions on government tax revenues: An in‐depth analysis
Authors: Wang Guan Jun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNumerous managerial and corporate finance perspectives suggest mutual tax advantages when depreciation is transferred from an asset's user to a lessor, creating a perceived loss of tax revenue for the government. This study delves deeper into the lease versus buy decision and its ramifications on government tax revenue. It goes beyond tax rate discrepancies, exploring how factors like lessor‐lessee borrowing rate differences, asset lifespan, depreciation, and lease payment schedules impact tax revenues, both analytically and numerically. The paper establishes a strong theoretical foundation, emphasizing positive‐sum games involving lessees, lessors, and governments in individual deals. Government benefits from leasing vary across asset classes, market structures, depreciation timelines, credit quality, tax credits, and business cycles. The proposal is that the aggregate impact at the federal level could be positive, negative, or neutral across all leasing deals. These insights surpass conventional knowledge, offering valuable perspectives for finance and accounting educators, students, practitioners, and policymakers.
Towards ultra‐low‐cost smartphone microscopy
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Zhang Weiyi , Zuo Zirui , Yang Jianlong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID‐19 exposed the inadequacy of our technical tools for home health surveillance, and recent studies have shown the potential of smartphones as a universal optical microscopic imaging platform for such applications. However, most of them use laboratory‐grade optomechanical components and transmitted illuminations to ensure focus tuning capability and imaging quality, which keeps the cost of the equipment high. Here, we propose an ultra‐low‐cost solution for smartphone microscopy. To realize focus tunability, we designed a seesaw‐like structure capable of converting large displacements on one side into small displacements on the other (reduced to ∼9.1%), which leverages the intrinsic flexibility of 3D printing materials. We achieved a focus‐tuning accuracy of ∼5 𝜇m, which is 40 times higher than the machining accuracy of the 3D‐printed lens holder itself. For microscopic imaging, we used an off‐the‐shelf smartphone camera lens as the objective and the built‐in flashlight as the illumination. To compensate for the resulting image quality degradation, we developed a learning‐based image enhancement method. We used the CycleGAN architecture to establish the mapping from smartphone microscope images to benchtop microscope images without pairing. We verified the imaging performance on different biomedical samples. Except for the smartphone, we kept the full costs of the device under 4 USD. We think these efforts to lower the costs of smartphone microscopes will benefit their applications in various scenarios, such as point‐of‐care testing, on‐site diagnosis, and home health surveillance.Research Highlights
We propose a solution for ultra‐low‐cost smartphone microscopy.
Utilizing the flexibility of 3D‐printed material, we can achieve focusing accuracy of ∼5 𝜇m.
Such a low‐cost device will benefit point‐of‐care diagnosis and home health surveillance.
Diurnal variation in methane emission from a rice paddy due to ebullition
Authors: Kajiura Masako , Tokida Takeshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDiurnal fluctuations in methane (CH4) emission are frequently observed in rice paddy fields, yet the driving mechanisms behind these variations are not fully understood. We posited that the observed diurnal patterns are predominantly due to temperature‐dependent bubbling emissions (ebullition). To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted measurements of CH4 emission in a Japanese rice paddy using static chambers coupled with a high‐time‐resolution CH4 analyzer that allowed us to partition the total flux into its two principal components: plant‐mediated transport and ebullition. Diurnal variation in the total flux was minimal during the early parts of reproductive growth (panicle formation and booting stages), when plant‐mediated emission was dominant. At a later stage (heading period), ebullition accounted for 43%–70% of the total emission, and CH4 emission via both pathways varied diurnally; however, the diurnal range was much greater for bubbling emission (ratio of maximum to minimum = 3.5) than for plant‐mediated emission (ratio of maximum to minimum = 1.4). The magnitude of emissions due to ebullition depended on the temperature, but was greater during the flux‐increasing phase in the morning than the flux‐decreasing phase in the afternoon even at the same temperature, forming a hysteresis in the flux versus temperature relationship. These findings support our hypothesis and indicate that abiotic processes, such as a change in the solubility of gases and the temperature dependence of the gas‐phase volume (Charles's law), may play a central role in shaping the diurnal pattern of the CH4 ebullition.
Association of Intrauterine Device Malposition With Previous Cesarean Delivery and Related Uterine Anatomical Changes
Authors: Doulaveris Georgios , Jou Jessica , Leung Wendy K. , Bircaj Emnonila , Orfanelli Theofano , Atrio Jessica , Dar Pe'er , Rotenberg Ohad 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesWe sought to determine the association between intrauterine device (IUD) malposition and previous cesarean delivery (CD) and related uterine anatomical changes.MethodsA retrospective cohort of all persons with an IUD presenting for two‐ and three‐dimensional pelvic ultrasonography over 2 years, for any gynecologic indication, was compiled. IUD malposition was defined as IUD partially or completely positioned outside the endometrial cavity. Uterine position, uterine flexion, and cesarean scar defect (CSD) size were assessed. Patient characteristics and sonographic findings were compared between those with normally positioned and malpositioned IUD. Primary outcome was the rate of IUD malposition in persons with and without a history of CD. Logistic regression analysis was used to control for potential confounders.ResultsTwo hundred ninety‐six persons with an IUD had a pelvic ultrasound, 240 (81.1%) had a normally positioned IUD, and 56 (18.9%) had a malpositioned IUD. The most common location of IUD malposition was low uterine segment and cervix (67.9%). Malpositioned IUD was associated with referral for evaluation of pelvic pain (P = .001). Prior CD was significantly associated with a malpositioned IUD, after adjusting for confounders (aOR 3.50, 95% CI 1.31–9.35, P = .01). Among persons with prior CD, uterine retroflexion and a large CSD were independent risk factors for IUD malposition (aOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.1–15.9, P = .04 and aOR 5.4, 95% CI 1.4–20.9, P = .01, respectively).ConclusionsPrior CD is associated with significantly increased risk of IUD malposition. Among persons with previous CD, those with a retroflexed uterus and a large CSD are more likely to have a malpositioned IUD.