bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Anti‐Candida Activity of Cobalt(II) Complexes ofBenzene‐1,2‐Dioxyacetic Acid (bdoaH2). X‐Ray Crystal Structures of [Co(bdoa)(H2O)3]⋅3.5H2O and {[CO(phen)3](bdoa)} 2⋅24H2O (phen = 1,10‐Phenanthroline)
Authors: Geraghty Majella , McCann Malachy , Devereux Michael , Cronin Fergal , Curran Martin , McKee Vickie 
Published: March 2007

reacts with benzene‐1,2‐dioxyacetic acid (bdoaH2)
to give the Co2+
complexes
(1a) and
(1b). Subsequent reaction of 1a with 1,10‐
phenanthroline produces [CO(phen)3]bdoa · 10H2O
(2a) and
(2b). Molecular
structures of 1b and 2b were determined crystallographically. In 1b the bdoa2-
ligates the metal by two
carboxylate oxygens and two ethereal oxygens, whereas in 2b the bdoa2-
is uncoordinated. The Mn2+
and
Cu2+
complexes [Mn(bdoa)(phen)2] · H2O
(3) and [Cu(pdoa)(imid)2]
(4) were also synthesised, 1a-4 and
other metal complexes of bdoaH2
(metal = Mn2+, Co2+ ,Cu2+, Cu+
) were screened for their ability to inhibit
the growth ofhe yeast Candida albicans. Complexes incorporating the 1,10‐phenanthroline ligand were the
most active.
Growth Effects of Some Platinum(II) Complexes with Sulfur‐Containing Carrier Ligands on MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line upon Simultaneous Administration with Taxol
Authors: Bogdanović Gordana , Kojić Vesna , Srdić Tatjana , Jakimov Dimitar , Djuran Miloš I. , Bugarčić Živadin D. , Baltić Mirjana , Baltić Vladimir V. 
Published: March 2007

The platinum (II)complexes, cis‐[PtCl2(CH3SCH2CH2SCH3)] (Pt1), cis‐[PtCl2(dmso)2] (dmso is
dimethylsulfoxide; Pt2) and cis‐ (cisplatin), and taxol (T) have been tested at different
equimolar concentrations. Cells were exposed to complexes for 2 h and left to recover in fresh medium for
24, 48 or 72 h. Growth inhibition was measured by tetrazolium WST1 assay Analyses of the cell cycle, and
apoptosis were performed by flow cytometry, at the same exposure times. The IC50 value of each
platinum(II) complex as well as combination index (CI; platinum(II) complex + taxol) for various
cytotoxicity levels were determined by median effects analysis.MCF7 cells were found to be sensitive to both Pt1 and Pt2 complexe These cisplatin analogues
influenced the cell growth more effectively as compared to cisplatin. Cytotoxic effect was concentration and
time‐dependent. Profound growth inhibitory effect was observed for Pt1 complex, across all its
concentrations at all recovery periods. A plateau effect was achieved three days after treatment at Pt1
concentrations ≤ 1 μM. Pt2, however, decreased MCF7 cells survival only for the first 24 h ranging between
50‐55%. Pt2 cytotoxicity sharply decreased thereafter, approaching 2 h ‐ treatment cytotoxicity level. The
median IC50 values for Pt1 and Pt2 were similar (0.337 and 0.3051 μM, respectively) but only for the first 24 h. The IC50 values for Pt1 strongly depend on the recovery period. On simultaneos exposure of cells to
taxol and platinum(II) complexes no consistent effect was found. The Cls for combinations of taxol with Pt1
or Pt2 revealed cytotoxic effects that were in most Cases synergistic (Pt1) or less than addtiive (Pt2). Flow
cytometry analysis has shown that each platinum(II) complex induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells. The level of
apoptosis correlated with cytotoxicity level for the range concentrations. Both cisplatin analogues, at IC50
concentrations, increased the number of MCF7 cells in G0G1 phase of cell cycle. Pt2‐treated cells remained
arrested in G0G1 phase up to 72 h after treatment. Combination of Pt2 and taxol caused further arrest of cells
in G0G1 phase (24 h) in parallel with strong decrement of G2M phase cells.
Quantification and Localization of Intracellular FreeMg2+ in Bovine Chromaffin Cells
Authors: Montezinho Liliana P. , Fonseca Carla P. , Geraldes Carlos F. G. C. , Castro M. Margarida C. A. 
Published: March 2007

Magnesium is an essential element for all living systems. The quantification of free intracellular Mg2+
concentration () is of utmost importance since changes in its basal value may be an indication of
different pathologies due to abnormalities of Mg2+ metabolism. In this work we used  31P NMR and
fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the resting in bovine chromaffin cells, a neuron‐like cellular
model, as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy to study the free Mg2+ spatial distribution in these cells.
31P NMR spectroscopy did not prove to be effective for the determination of in this particular case
due to some special morphological and physiological properties of this cell type. A basal value of
0.551 ± 0.008 mM was found for these cells using fluorescence spectroscopy and the Mg2+‐sensitive probe
furaptra; this value falls in the concentration range reported in the literature for neurons from different
sources. This technique proved to be an accurate and sensitive tool to determine the .lntraceilular free Mg2+ seems to be essentially localized in the nucleus and around it, as shown by
confocal microscopy with the Mg2+‐sensitive probe Magnesium Green. It was not possible to derive any
conclusion about free Mg2+ localization inside the chromaffin granules and/or in the cytoplasm due to the
lack of sufficient spatial resolution and to probe compartmentalization.
Synthesis, In vitro Antifungal and Antitumour Activity of Some Triorganotin(IV) N,C,N‐Chelates
Authors: Dostál Libor , Růžička Aleš , Jambor Roman , Buchta Vladimír , Kubanová Petra , Holoček Jaroslav 
Published: March 2007

The in vitro antifungal activity of compounds 1‐3 (R2SnX; (where X=Cl, R=n‐Bu
for 1, X=Br, R=n‐Bu for 2 and x=PF6, R=n=Bu for 3)) was estimated with the help of a modified
microdilution format of the M27‐A guidelines and was compared with in vitro activity of their
diphenyltin(IV) analogues 4 and 5 (where X=Br, R=Ph for 4 and X=PF6, R=Ph for 5), and of drugs currently
in clinical use (ketoconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B). It was found that in coordinating solvents the
more soluble derivative 2 is less active than the phenyl one (4), and compounds 1 and 3 are even inactive.In this paper, the in vitro antitumour activity of ionic diphenyltin(IV) complexes 4 and 5 against seven
tumoural cell lines of human origin is also reported. The preparation and characterization ( 1H,  13C and  119Sn
NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry) of the novel compound 3 is mentioned too.
Daytime sleepiness and polysomnographic variables in sleep apnoea patients
Authors: Mediano O. , Barceló A. , de la Peña M. , Gozal D. , Agustí A. , Barbé F. 
Published: March 2007

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is not invariably present in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of the present study was to investigate polysomnographic determinants of EDS in patients with OSAS.EDS was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). Patients showed EDS whenever the ESS score was >10 and the MSLT score <5 min. Absence of EDS was defined as having an ESS score of <10 and an MSLT score of >10 min.In total, 23 male patients with EDS (mean±sdESS and MSLT score 17±3 and 4±1 min, respectively) and 17 without EDS (ESS and MSLT score 5±2 and 16±3 min, respectively), were studied. Both groups exhibited a similar apnoea/hypopnoea index (62±18versus60±20 events·h−1). Patients with EDS exhibited shorter sleep latency (11±16versus18±18 min) and greater sleep efficiency (90±7versus82±13%) than those without EDS. Patients with EDS showed lower oxygenation (lowest arterial oxygen saturation 69±12versus79±8%; mean arterial oxygen saturation 87±6versus90±5%). Sleep stage distribution and arousal index did not differ between the groups.Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and excessive daytime sleepiness are characterised by shorter sleep latency, increased sleep efficiency and worse nocturnal oxygenation than those without excessive daytime sleepiness. Nocturnal hypoxaemia can be a major determinant of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
An epidemiological study of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Peacock A. J. , Murphy N. F. , McMurray J. J. V. , Caballero L. , Stewart S. 
Published: March 2007

All hospitalisations for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in the Scottish population were examined to determine the epidemiological features of PAH. These data were compared with expert data from the Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit (SPVU).Using the linked Scottish Morbidity Record scheme, data from all adults aged 16–65 yrs admitted with PAH (idiopathic PAH, pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart abnormalities and pulmonary hypertension associated with connective tissue disorders) during the period 1986–2001 were identified. These data were compared with the most recent data in the SPVU database (2005).Overall, 374 Scottish males and females aged 16–65 yrs were hospitalised with incident PAH during 1986–2001. The annual incidence of PAH was 7.1 cases per million population. On December 31, 2002, there were 165 surviving cases, giving a prevalence of PAH of 52 cases per million population. Data from the SPVU were available for 1997–2006. In 2005, the last year with a complete data set, the incidence of PAH was 7.6 cases per million population and the corresponding prevalence was 26 cases per million population.Hospitalisation data from the Scottish Morbidity Record scheme gave higher prevalences of pulmonary arterial hypertension than data from the expert centres (Scotland and France). The hospitalisation data may overestimate the true frequency of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the population, but it is also possible that the expert centres underestimate the true frequency.
Relationship between airway narrowing, patchy ventilation and lung mechanics in asthmatics
Authors: Tgavalekos N. T. , Musch G. , Harris R. S. , Vidal Melo M. F. , Winkler T. , Schroeder T. , Callahan R. , Lutchen K. R. , Venegas J. G. 
Published: March 2007

Bronchoconstriction in asthma results in patchy ventilation forming ventilation defects (VDefs). Patchy ventilation is clinically important because it affects obstructive symptoms and impairs both gas exchange and the distribution of inhaled medications. The current study combined functional imaging, oscillatory mechanics and theoretical modelling to test whether the degrees of constriction of airways feeding those units outside VDefs were related to the extent of VDefs in bronchoconstricted asthmatic subjects.Positron emission tomography was used to quantify the regional distribution of ventilation and oscillatory mechanics were measured in asthmatic subjects before and after bronchoconstriction. For each subject, ventilation data was mapped into an anatomically based lung model that was used to evaluate whether airway constriction patterns, consistent with the imaging data, were capable of matching the measured changes in airflow obstruction.The degree and heterogeneity of constriction of the airways feeding alveolar units outside VDefs was similar among the subjects studied despite large inter-subject variability in airflow obstruction and the extent of the ventilation defects. Analysis of the data amongst the subjects showed an inverse relationship between the reduction in mean airway conductance, measured in the breathing frequency range during bronchoconstriction, and the fraction of lung involved in ventilation defects.The current data supports the concept that patchy ventilation is an expression of the integrated system and not just the sum of independent responses of individual airways.
Electromagnetic navigation diagnostic bronchoscopy for small peripheral lung lesions
Authors: Makris D. , Scherpereel A. , Leroy S. , Bouchindhomme B. , Faivre J-B. , Remy J. , Ramon P. , Marquette C-H. 
Published: March 2007

The present study prospectively evaluated the diagnostic yield and safety of electromagnetic navigation-guided bronchoscopy biopsy, for small peripheral lung lesions in patients where standard techniques were nondiagnostic.The study was conducted in a tertiary medical centre on 40 consecutive patients considered unsuitable for straightforward surgery or computed tomography (CT)-guided transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy, due to comorbidities. The lung lesion diameter was mean±sem23.5±1.5 mm and the depth from the visceral-costal pleura was 14.9±2 mm. Navigation was facilitated by an electromagnetic tracking system which could detect a position sensor incorporated into a flexible catheter advanced through a bronchoscope. Information obtained during bronchoscopy was superimposed on previously acquired CT data. Divergence between CT data and data obtained during bronchoscopy was calculated by the system's software as a measure of navigational accuracy.All but one of the target lesions was reached and the overall diagnostic yield was 62.5% (25–40). Diagnostic yield was significantly affected by CT-to-body divergence; yield was 77.2% when estimated divergence was ≤4 mm. Three pneumothoraces occurred and chest drainage was required in one case.Electromagnetic navigation-guided bronchoscopy has the potential to improve the diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsies without additional fluoroscopic guidance, and may be useful in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, particularly in nonoperable patients.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ C190S Mutation Causes Partial Lipodystrophy
Authors: Lüdtke Angelika , Buettner Janine , Wu Wei , Muchir Antoine , Schroeter Andreas , Zinn-Justin Sophie , Spuler Simone , Schmidt Hartmut H.-J. , Worman Howard J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractContext: Mutations in PPARG are associated with insulin resistance and familial partial lipodystrophy, a disease characterized by altered distribution of sc fat and symptoms of the metabolic syndrome. The encoded protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, plays a pivotal role in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, the differentiation of adipocytes, and other cellular regulatory processes.Objectives: The objective of the study was to detect a novel PPARG mutation in a kindred with partial lipodystrophy and analyze the functional characteristics of the mutant protein.Patients and Methods: In three subjects with partial lipodystrophy, one unaffected family member, and 124 unaffected subjects, PPARG was screened for mutations by direct sequencing. Body composition, laboratory abnormalities, and hepatic steatosis were assessed in each affected subject. Transcriptional activity was determined, and EMSA was performed to investigate DNA binding capacity of the mutant protein.Results: We identified a PPARG mutation, C190S, causing partial lipodystrophy with metabolic alterations in three affected family members. The mutation was absent in the unaffected family member and unaffected controls. The mutation is located within zinc-finger 2 of the DNA binding domain. C190S PPARγ has a significantly lower ability to activate a reporter gene than wild-type PPARγ in absence and presence of rosiglitazone. A dominant-negative effect was not observed. Compared with wild-type PPARγ, C190S PPARγ shows a reduced capacity to bind DNA.Conclusion: Mutation of a zinc-binding amino acid of PPARγ leads to an altered protein-DNA binding pattern, resulting in a partial loss of function, which in turn is associated with partial lipodystrophy.
Dysregulation of Placental Endothelial Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase in Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Pregnancies
Authors: Gauster M. , Hiden U. , Blaschitz A. , Frank S. , Lang U. , Alvino G. , Cetin I. , Desoye G. , Wadsack C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractContext: Fetal supply of maternally derived fatty acids requires lipase-mediated hydrolysis of lipoprotein-borne triglycerides and phospholipids at the placental surface.Objective: The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that members of the triglyceride lipase gene (TLG) family are expressed in the human placenta at the maternoplacental (syncytiotrophoblast) and fetoplacental (endothelial cells) interface and that their expression is altered in pregnancy pathologies.Design and Setting: Expression of TLG family members in primary placental cells (trophoblast and endothelial cells) and tissues of first-trimester and term human placenta was analyzed by microarrays, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Their expression was compared between normal pregnancies and those complicated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Participants: Participants included women with uncomplicated pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by IUGR.Results: Endothelial lipase (EL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were the only lipases among the TLG family expressed in key cells of the human placenta. In first trimester, EL and LPL were expressed in trophoblasts. At term, EL was detected in trophoblasts and endothelial cells, whereas LPL was absent in these cells. Both lipases were found at placental blood vessels, EL in vascular endothelial cells and LPL in the surrounding smooth muscle cells. In total placental tissue EL expression prevails in first trimester and at term. Compared with normal placentas, EL mRNA was decreased (30%; P &lt; 0.02), whereas LPL mRNA expression was increased (2.4-fold; P &lt; 0.015) in IUGR.Conclusion: EL is the predominant TLG family member in the human placenta present at both interfaces. EL and LPL are dysregulated in IUGR.
Relative Potencies of Anastrozole and Letrozole to Suppress Estradiol in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation before in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Azim Amr A. , Costantini-Ferrando Maria , Lostritto K. , Oktay Kutluk 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Context: Breast cancer patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for embryo or oocyte cryopreservation should be induced by the method that leads to the least increase in estradiol (E2) levels.
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the potency of anastrozole to suppress serum E2 levels in breast cancer patients undergoing COH.
Design and Setting: A prospective sequential cohort study was conducted in an academic center for reproductive medicine between May 2003 and November 2005 for letrozole and between December 2005 and April 2006 for anastrozole.
Patients: Breast cancer patients presenting for fertility preservation participated in the study.
Intervention: COH using FSH and letrozole (n = 47) or anastrozole (n = 7) was followed by oocyte retrieval and embryo cryopreservation.
Main Outcome Measures: Serum E2 levels, area under the curve for E2, and outcomes of COH cycles were measured.
Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding length of stimulation, total gonadotropin dose, number of follicles larger than 17 mm, and the lead follicle size on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) day and number of embryos cryopreserved. The mean E2 levels on the day of hCG and post-hCG days were higher in the anastrozole group compared to the letrozole group (1325.89 ± 833.17 and 2515.07 ± 1368.52 vs. 427.78 ± 278.24 and 714.38 ± 440.83 pg·d/ml; P ≤ 0.01), respectively, even when anastrozole dose was increased up to 10 mg/d. The mean area under the curve was significantly higher in the anastrozole group compared to the letrozole group (4402.93 ± 1526.7 vs. 1287.48 ± 732.17 pg·d/ml; P &lt;0.004).
Conclusions: Breast cancer patients who underwent ovarian stimulation with anastrozole had a significantly higher exposure to E2 than those who were stimulated with letrozole.
Panitumumab: A Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody with Activity in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Saadeh Claire E , Lee H Stephen 
Published: March 2007

Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials, adverse effects, and drug interactions of panitumumab. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search was conducted (1966–February 2007) using the search terms panitumumab, ABX-EGF, E7.6.3, monoclonal antibody, colorectal neoplasm, epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFr, and epidermal growth factor receptor signal transduction. Articles and abstracts were further identified from the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Clinical trials evaluating panitumumab for solid tumors were selected from the data sources. All published relevant abstracts were included. Data Synthesis: The most recent developments in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer include the monoclonal antibodies targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr). Panitumumab is the first fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to EGFr. Clinical activity has been demonstrated, most notably in patients with EGFr-positive metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed prior therapy. Phase III study results indicate a 46% reduction in the rate of tumor progression in treated patients compared with those who received best supportive care alone. Panitumumab is well tolerated, with acneiform rash the most common dose-dependent adverse effect. Studies thus far indicate a low rate of infusion-related reactions (1%, grade 3–4). Conclusions: Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody with promising activity in treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have failed previous therapy, offering a favorable safety profile.
Use of Site Occupancy Models to Estimate Prevalence of Myxobolus cerebralis Infection in Trout
Authors: Thompson Kevin G. 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Empirical estimates of pathogen prevalence in samples of fish may underestimate true prevalence because available detection techniques are incapable of perfect detection. Trout of several species were collected from enzootic (Myxobolus cerebralis, causative agent in whirling disease) habitats, and individual fish were examined for presence of the parasite two or six times by one of four methods: pepsin–trypsin digest (brown trout Salmo trutta), plankton centrifuge (brown trout), polymerase chain reaction (rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss), or histopathology (brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis). The presence–absence data were modeled for prevalence of infection (ψ) and probability of detection (p) of the parasite via occupancy models that accounted for imperfect detection of the organism. Based on estimates from the most-supported model for comparison, two myxospore concentration methods underestimated prevalence by about 12% for whole-head results and 34% for the expected value of half-head analysis. Polymerase chain reaction and histopathology gave virtually the same prevalence estimates for whole-head results as the best models but underestimated prevalence by about 6% and 12%, respectively, for the expected value of half-head analysis. The probability of detecting the parasite in a single survey of a fish head, conditional on the parasite's presence, was 0.66 for myxospore concentration methods, 0.81 for histopathology, and 1.0 (left halves) or 0.89 (right halves) for polymerase chain reaction. The occupancy models used in this study may be extended to large-scale monitoring of M. cerebralis to estimate expansion or contraction of the parasite's range over time.