bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An invitation to bring animals into feminist and queer sociology
Authors: Guenther Katja M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an invitation to feminist and queer sociology to engage more frequently, enthusiastically, and deeply with animals. Feminist and queer sociology that attend to animals and animality stand to develop better knowledge for animals and animal studiesandfor women, queers, and feminist and queer sociology. Sociologists working from feminist and queer perspectives are also particularly well‐positioned within the discipline of sociology to contribute to and take advantage of the insights of the field of feminist animal studies. After a brief review of what feminist animal studies is, I proceed through three steps to elaborate the imperative for feminist and queer sociology to consider animals. First, I show how feminist animal studies as a theoretical perspective engages with issues that are core to feminist and queer sociology. Second, I center intersectional feminism and lay out how incorporating species can and does enhance our understanding of intersectional processes. Third, I present an ethical call, grounded in the traditions of feminist ethics and ecofeminism, to attend to species in feminist and queer sociology.
Effectiveness, safety, and patient satisfaction of carboxytherapy as an adjunctive treatment for periorbital hyperpigmentation
Authors: Seirafianpour Farnoosh , Atefi Najmolsadat , Amin Nazila Ghoreishi , Namazi Mohammad Reza , Behrangi Elham , Shafiei Aboozar , Ghassemi Mohammadreza , Mozafarpoor Samaneh , Goodarzi Azadeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionDark under‐eye circles or periorbital hyperpigmentation constitute a prevalent and challenging cosmetic problem with diverse etiologies and types. While modifying exacerbating habits can provide partial relief for the pigmentary and vascular factors associated with this condition, and despite the abundance of available treatment options, there is currently a lack of gold‐standard evidence‐based treatments proposed for curing this disorder.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of carboxytherapy in treating periorbital hyperpigmentation.Material and MethodsIn this 4‐week single‐arm clinical trial, 20 eligible Iranian patients with symmetric periorbital hyperpigmentation received weekly intradermal carboxytherapy. The treatment involved administering 10–20 mL of CO2 at a rate of 20 mL/min and a temperature of 15°C for a duration ranging from a few seconds to 1 min. Follow‐up assessments were conducted 1 month after the final session. The primary outcome was defined as the changes in ΔE or the variations in pigmentation observed between the orbital and extra‐orbital skin before and after the trial.ResultsThe patients reported satisfaction with the statistically significant reduction in hyperpigmentation achieved through carboxytherapy in the lateral (p = 0.002), middle (p = 0.001), and medial (p = 0.001) regions of the periorbital area. The total response rate of the patients was estimated at 20%. Patient satisfaction exceeded ΔE changes, with no significant linear relationship (p = 0.084).ConclusionCarboxytherapy can be proposed as an effective and safe treatment for periorbital hyperpigmentation.
Effectiveness and safety of enhanced postoperative care units for non-cardiac, non-neurological surgery: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Tran Liem , Stern Cindy , Harford Philip , Ludbrook Guy , Whitehorn Ashley 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The proposed systematic review will evaluate the evidence on the effectiveness and safety of enhanced post-operative care (EPC) units on patient and health service outcomes in adult patients following non-cardiac, non-neurological surgery.

Introduction:
The increase in surgical procedures globally has placed a significant economic and societal burden on health care systems. Recognizing this challenge, EPC units have emerged as a model of care, bridging the gap between traditional, ward-level care and intensive care. EPC offers benefits such as higher staff-to-patient ratios, close patient monitoring (eg, invasive monitoring), and access to critical interventions (eg, vasopressor support). However, there is a lack of well-established guidelines and empirical evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of EPC units for adult patients following surgery.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include studies involving adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing any elective or emergency non-cardiac, non-neurological surgery, who have been admitted to an EPC unit. Experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational study designs will be eligible.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. The search strategy will identify published and unpublished studies from the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Scopus, as well as gray literature sources, from 2010 to the present. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data, and critically appraise selected studies using standardized JBI assessment tools. Where feasible, a statistical meta-analysis will be performed to combine study findings. The certainty of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023455269
Design Optimization of Lattice Structures Under Impact Loading for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Hertlein Nathan , Vemaganti Kumar , Anand Sam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has enabled the production of intricate lattice structures with excellent performance and minimal mass. Design approaches that consider static loading, including lattice-based topology optimization (TO), have been well-researched recently. However, to date, there appears to be no widely accepted method of optimizing lattice structures for high-strain rate loading, especially when the design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) principles are considered. This study proposes a computational framework for the design of lattice structures under specified impact loading. To manage dimensionality while achieving sufficient generality, a heuristic design space is developed that relies on traditional TO to govern the design's macrostructure and standard dimensioning to govern its mesostructure. DFAM principles are then incorporated into a Bayesian optimization scheme wrapped around traditional TO to achieve manufacturable designs that absorb high-impact loading. Because this approach does not require analytical gradient information, the framework can be used to optimize directly on complex objectives, such as injury metrics calculated from the acceleration curve. A series of case studies is formulated around a mass-performance tradeoff and involves individual unit cell design as well as full-part design. The proposed design parameterization is found to enable sufficient flexibility to achieve consistently good performance regardless of AM build orientation.
Heat Dissipation Analysis and Optimization of Gas Turbine Box Based on Field Synergy Principle
Authors: Zhang Guoxu , Huang Zhiqiang , Wang Shuo , Tan Shichuan , Li Tao , Wang Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To improve the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the box and ensure the safe and stable operation of the gas turbine, research on the control and optimization of heat dissipation within the main box of the gas turbine has been carried out. Considering solar radiation, four evaluation indexes, namely, the percentage of the high-temperature zone, the percentage of the high-speed zone, the average field synergy angle, and the temperature inhomogeneity, are proposed to study the internal flow heat transfer characteristics of the gas turbine box, and an optimization scheme for the internal structure of the box-loaded body is proposed by using the orthogonal test method to improve the ventilation and heat dissipation performance. The results show that the percentage of high-temperature zone in the box body is 2.3%, which is mainly distributed near the junction of gas turbine and inlet worm gear; the average field synergy angle in this region is as high as 79.49 deg, and the temperature inhomogeneity reaches 0.98, which makes the heat dissipation and cooling effect poorer and is easy to form a localized high temperature; based on the above research to carry out the optimization of the box body structure, the percentage of high-temperature zone is reduced by 95.7% after optimization, and the average field synergy angle and temperature inhomogeneity are reduced to 72.88 deg and 0.57, respectively, so that the heat dissipation effect has been significantly improved.
Validation of a deep learning model for automatic detection and quantification of five OCT critical retinal features associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Ricardi Federico , Oakley Jonathan , Russakoff Daniel , Boscia Giacomo , Caselgrandi Paolo , Gelormini Francesco , Ghilardi Andrea , Pintore Giulia , Tibaldi Tommaso , Marolo Paola , Bandello Francesco , Reibaldi Michele , Borrelli Enrico 
Published: March 2024

PurposeTo develop and validate a deep learning model for the segmentation of five retinal biomarkers associated with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).Methods300 optical coherence tomography volumes from subject eyes with nAMD were collected. Images were manually segmented for the presence of five crucial nAMD features: intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, subretinal hyperreflective material, drusen/drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment (PED) and neovascular PED. A deep learning architecture based on a U-Net was trained to perform automatic segmentation of these retinal biomarkers and evaluated on the sequestered data. The main outcome measures were receiver operating characteristic curves for detection, summarised using the area under the curves (AUCs) both on a per slice and per volume basis, correlation score, enface topography overlap (reported as two-dimensional (2D) correlation score) and Dice coefficients.ResultsThe model obtained a mean (±SD) AUC of 0.93 (±0.04) per slice and 0.88 (±0.07) per volume for fluid detection. The correlation score (R2) between automatic and manual segmentation obtained by the model resulted in a mean (±SD) of 0.89 (±0.05). The mean (±SD) 2D correlation score was 0.69 (±0.04). The mean (±SD) Dice score resulted in 0.61 (±0.10).ConclusionsWe present a fully automated segmentation model for five features related to nAMD that performs at the level of experienced graders. The application of this model will open opportunities for the study of morphological changes and treatment efficacy in real-world settings. Furthermore, it can facilitate structured reporting in the clinic and reduce subjectivity in clinicians’ assessments.
Using artificial intelligence to improve human performance: efficient retinal disease detection training with synthetic images
Authors: Tabuchi Hitoshi , Engelmann Justin , Maeda Fumiatsu , Nishikawa Ryo , Nagasawa Toshihiko , Yamauchi Tomofusa , Tanabe Mao , Akada Masahiro , Kihara Keita , Nakae Yasuyuki , Kiuchi Yoshiaki , Bernabeu Miguel O 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging diagnostics has huge potential, but human judgement is still indispensable. We propose an AI-aided teaching method that leverages generative AI to train students on many images while preserving patient privacy.MethodsA web-based course was designed using 600 synthetic ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images to teach students to detect disease in these images. The images were generated by stable diffusion, a large generative foundation model, which we fine-tuned with 6285 real UWF images from six categories: five retinal diseases (age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment and retinal vein occlusion) and normal. 161 trainee orthoptists took the course. They were evaluated with two tests: one consisting of UWF images and another of standard field (SF) images, which the students had not encountered in the course. Both tests contained 120 real patient images, 20 per category. The students took both tests once before and after training, with a cool-off period in between.ResultsOn average, students completed the course in 53 min, significantly improving their diagnostic accuracy. For UWF images, student accuracy increased from 43.6% to 74.1% (p<0.0001 by paired t-test), nearly matching the previously published state-of-the-art AI model’s accuracy of 73.3%. For SF images, student accuracy rose from 42.7% to 68.7% (p<0.0001), surpassing the state-of-the-art AI model’s 40%.ConclusionSynthetic images can be used effectively in medical education. We also found that humans are more robust to novel situations than AI models, thus showcasing human judgement’s essential role in medical diagnosis.
Mass drug administration for neglected tropical disease control and elimination: a systematic review of ethical reasons
Authors: Hoefle-Bénard Juliette , Salloch Sabine 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a diverse group of debilitating diseases and conditions afflicting more than one billion people in impoverished communities. Control of these diseases is crucial to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3 and the pledge to ‘leave no one behind’. Relying on large-scale delivery of wide-spectrum drugs to individuals in at-risk communities irrespective of their health status, mass drug administration is a core strategy for tackling half of the NTDs targeted by the latest WHO roadmap (2021–2030). However, ethical challenges surround its implementation and long-term impact. This systematic review aims to give a comprehensive picture of the variety of ethical reasons for and against mass drug administration for NTD control and elimination, facilitating further debate in ethics and policy.MethodsPubMed and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for all relevant publications. Of the 486 retrieved records, 60 met the inclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. Ethical reasons discussing the topic at hand were extracted from full texts and synthesised through the Kuckartz method of qualitative content analysis.ResultsData extraction revealed 61 ethical reasons, of which 20 (32.7%) had positive, 13 (21.3%) had ambivalent and 28 (45.9%) had negative implications regarding mass drug administration for NTDs. The health benefits and cost-effectiveness of the measure were extensively highlighted. However, equity, autonomy and sustainability emerged as the domains with the most pressing ethical concerns. Many issues related to implementation are yet to be adequately addressed in policy documents.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review of ethical reasons pertaining to mass drug administration for NTD control and elimination. Due to the diversity of included studies, no general recommendations can be made. Instead, context-specific strategies seem necessary. Alternative approaches tackling socioecological determinants of ill health are needed for long-term sustainability. Future research could benefit from contributions of non-Western philosophies and perspectives by local researchers.
Exploring equity in global health collaborations: a qualitative study of donor and recipient power dynamics in Liberia
Authors: Cakouros Brigid E , Gum Johannah , Levine Defne L , Lewis Joseph , Wright Antoinette H , Dahn Bernice , Talbert-Slagle Kristina 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionGlobal health collaborations between individuals from high-resource and low-resource settings are complex and often built on hierarchical structures and power differentials that are difficult to change. There have been many calls and frameworks developed to facilitate more equity within these collaborations, yet little is known about the lived experiences of global health donors and recipients working within such collaborations and how those experiences can facilitate more equitable collaboration. Liberia, a postconflict, post-Ebola country, provides an ideal setting to study lived experiences of global health collaborations.MethodsOur qualitative analysis used key informant interviews representing the perspectives of those working on behalf of the Liberian government, Liberian academics, foreign donors and non-governmental organisations and implementing partners. Thematic analysis guided this analysis to explore topics such as financial control, accountability and decision making.ResultsThe first phase of the analysis mapped the existing patterns of priority setting. Priority-setting power was most strongly held by those with financial control (donors), and implementation plans tended to be built on metrics that aim to meet donor expectations. The second phase of the analysis explored the interplay between underlying factors that we identified in our data associated with driving collaborative inequity: history of prior of engagement, level of transparency and patterns of accountability.ConclusionsOur findings highlight that global health collaborations in Liberia are structured to hinder equitable partnerships. The power structure tied to financial ownership offers little space for recipients to have an equitable role in collaborations, which maintains dependence on external aid and ensures that weak systems remain weak. While our study is limited to Liberia, we anticipate that these dynamics are common elsewhere and reinforce the importance of intentional efforts to ensure equitable decision making and power structures in similar settings worldwide.
Evaluation of a 4-week interdisciplinary primary care cardiovascular health programme: impact on knowledge, Mediterranean Diet adherence and biomarkers
Authors: Mosher Lydia Tegwyn , Bizerra Cindy , Davies Katelyn , Seabrook Jamie A , Keathley Justine 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second-leading cause of death among Canadians. Clinical practice guidelines suggest that improvements to lifestyle, including dietary intake, can reduce the risk of CVD.ObjectivesThe primary aim of the study was to evaluate patient changes in adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (Medi-Diet) from baseline to 4-week and 6-month follow-up after participating in a 4-week, group-based, interdisciplinary cardiovascular health programme run by healthcare professionals (HCPs) in a primary care setting. Secondary outcomes included changes in blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, non-HDL-c and haemoglobin A1c% from baseline to 6 months, and changes in knowledge scores from baseline to 4 weeks and 6 months. This study further aimed to compare outcomes between in-person programme delivery and virtual programme delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsParticipants (n=31) attended the Get Heart Smart (GHS) group-based educational and lifestyle behaviour change programme at the East Elgin Family Health Team for 4 weeks. Participants were 18 years or older and were referred by a HCP or self-referred to the GHS programme. Changes in the above-mentioned outcomes were evaluated. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the programme moved to a virtual mode of delivery, with 16 participants completing the programme in a virtual environment. Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance were performed to explore if there were significant differences from baseline to 4-week and/or 6-month follow-up between groups (in-person compared with virtual) and within the pooled sample.ResultsAt baseline and 4-week follow-up, there were significant between-group differences in knowledge scores. After 6-month follow-up, there were statistically significant within-group improvements in Medi-Diet scores and knowledge scores in the pooled sample (n=31), in-person sample (n=15) and virtual sample (n=16). Apart from triglycerides, changes in biomarkers were all non-significant.ConclusionsThe GHS programme effectively facilitated long-term (6-month) improved cardiovascular/lifestyle knowledge and adherence to the Medi-Diet. Transitioning to a virtual programme delivery did not impact the program’s ability to motivate nutrition-related behaviour change.
Lethal intimate partner violence and gendered dimensions of the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria: evidence from a descriptive analysis of secondary data
Authors: Ukoji Vitalis U , Ukoji Vitus N 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionConcerns emerged over the escalation of intimate partner violence (IPV) as many governments imposed COVID-19 lockdown measures. This paper examined the lethality trends, gender contexts and sources of fatal IPV during the prelockdown, lockdown and postlockdown years (2019–2021) in Nigeria. This research aims to shed light on the impact of the pandemic lockdown on IPV-related mortalities.MethodsThe study used secondary data from the Nigeria Watch database, an online resource on lethal violence and human security in Nigeria. It relied on IPV datasets extracted and analysed descriptively at the univariate level.ResultsResults indicate a steady increase in IPV-related mortalities, with 205 fatalities—62 in 2019, 69 in 2020 and 74 in 2021—resulting from 180 IPV incidents. Males were the main protagonists, as the majority of IPV victims were women, including female spouses (51%) and female lovers (23%), compared with male spouses (18%) and male lovers (7%). A trend analysis of IPV-related fatalities showed that the worst affected states are in southern Nigeria, with Lagos recording the most cases. Apart from the undefined causes of IPV-related fatalities, more deaths emanated from arguments between intimate partners (50) and infidelity (37). Aside from other reasons, most victims died from dangerous weapons (46) and battering (27).ConclusionThis paper underscores the steady increase in IPV-related deaths year over year, not just during the COVID-19 lockdown period, and highlights the importance of policy and practise to prevent and respond to IPV incidents.
Did ‘long COVID’ increase road deaths in the USA?
Authors: Robertson Leon 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveTo examine data on COVID-19 disease associated with a 10% increase in US road deaths from 2020 to 2021 that raises the question of the potential effect of pandemic stress and neurological damage from COVID-19 disease.MethodsPoisson regression was used to estimate the association of recent COVID-19 cases, accumulated cases, maximum temperatures, truck registrations and gasoline prices with road deaths monthly among US states in 2021. Using the regression coefficients, changes in each risk factor from 2020 to 2021 were used to calculate expected deaths in 2021 if each factor had remained the same as in 2020.ResultsCorrected for the other risk factors, road deaths were associated with accumulated COVID-19 cases but not concurrent cases. More than 20 700 road deaths were associated with the changes in accumulated COVID-19 cases but were substantially offset by about 19 100 less-than-expected deaths associated with increased gasoline prices.ConclusionsThe lingering effects of COVID-19 on neurological function may be a risk factor for behaviour leading to road deaths.