bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REACTION TO INJURIES IN THE BRAIN—AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF ITS TOPOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS—
Authors: AKIMA Michio 
Published: December 2008

An electron microscopic observation of the central nervous system of adult rabbits in normal and pathological conditions was performed from the view‐point of histological topography.The meninges can be divided into 4 layers; 1st dural, 2nd subdural, 3rd meningothelial and 4th arachnoid layers, and the cellular components and responses of each layer were discussed in detail. The perivascular space of the penetrating vessels can be traced until the pia‐ glial border, but it is not clearly seen in the brain substance. An adventitial space containing adventitial cells and some collagen fibers is, however, recognized in the brain substance, and this is the site of proliferation of mesenchymal elements in various inflammatory conditions. The characteristics of degrading process in both the cerebral gray and white substances is also discussed. Through this investigation, an important role of the mesenchymo‐ectodermal junction in pathological conditions is emphasized, referring to the response of brain macrophages and perivascular astrocytes.
INDUCTION OF INTRACRANIAL TUMORS IN MICE BY HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE 12
Authors: Murao Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2008

C3Hf/Bi mice inoculated intracranially with human adenovirus type 12 were studied by fluorescent antibody technique and light microscopy.The cells with fluorescent T antigens were present in the wall of the ventricles and in the epithelium of the choroid plexuses. Tumors were induced in 21 of 45 mice and the predilection sites were the olfactory bulb, the floor of the fourth ventricle and the tapetum which was in contact with the hippocampus.The relationship between production of the T antigen and tumor development as well as histological features of the tumors was discussed.
ENZYME HISTOCHEMICAL PROPERTY OF HUMAN LYMPH NODES – ITS IMMUNOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION –
Authors: Masubuchi Shigeo 
Published: December 2008

Lymph nodes surgically removed from patients with various diseases were histochemically investigated. Enzymes examined were alkaline phosphatase (A1P), acid phosphatase (AcP), β‐glucuronidase (β‐G), and N‐acetyl‐/3‐glucosaminidase (NGa). On the other hand, adult albino rabbits and Wistar rats were immunized by horseradish peroxidase (HrP) mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant and the localizations of these enzymes, antigen HrP and its antibody in their regional lymph nodes at various stages of the immunization were investigated.AIP in the human lymph nodes was mainly localized in the reticulum cells of the paracortical areas in a characteristic network pattern. This pattern was most prominent in the lymph nodes of SLE patients with elevated serum y‐globulin. In the regional lymph nodes of the albino rabbits immunized with HrP, both A1P and anti‐HrP antibody were localized along the processes of reticulum cells in the paracortical areas showing a similar network pattern.The β‐G activity in the human lymph nodes was very intense and particulated in plasma cells and lymphocytes In the medullary cords and paracortical areas. The proliferation of these β‐G positive plasma cells and lymphocytes in the medullary cords and paracortical areas was most remarkable In SLE patients. In addition, the β‐G activity in these cell types responded most readily and steadily to the antigenic stimulation of HrP to both albino rabbits and Wistar rats.
THE BEHAVIOUR OF LYMPHOGENEOUSLY GIVEN ANTIGEN IN THE LYMPH NODE THE LOCALIZATION OF GIVEN ANTIGEN and NEWLY FORMED ANTIBODY
Authors: Yamaguchi Hisao , Fukuda Junya , Baba Kensuke , Takeuchi Hiroshi , Kageyama Keizo 
Published: December 2008

The vascular structures in the lymph node and their relation to fluid exchange have been reported in previous communications and it was considered that the morphological changes of the vascular structures were closely correlated with the functional development of lymph nodes as an antibody forming organ. In order to clarify the localization of the given antigen and newly formed antibody in relation to the morphological structure of lymph nodes, the popliteal lymph nodes of rabbits were studied by immuno‐fluorescent techniques.The antibody was found in the pavement arrangement (solid) of reticulum tissue which was formed by the expel of lymphocytes in the cortical mass and by the morphofunctional alterations of the reticulum cells. The given antigen and newly formed antibody were never detected in the follicles throughout the period of this experiment. ACTA PATH. JAP. 22:427–440, 1972.
A PATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE JUVENILE TYPE OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Takanashi Riichiro 
Published: December 2008

The pathological findings In four infants with chronic myeloid leukemia (GML) of the juvenile type were compared with those in adults with GML. In three cases Hb‐F of erythrocytes was positive and Ph1 chromosome was negative. In one case these examinations were not performed.The bone marrow shows a wide range of maturation of granulocytes in both types. Immature forms, however, are more abundant in the juvenile type than in the adult type. Advanced structural alteration as splenoid marrow is rare in the juvenile type. Decrease of megakaryocytes is more profound than that of erythroblasts. Involvement of lymph node and lymphatic apparatus is much more extensive in the juvenile type than in the adult type. Proliferation of erythroblasts is prominent in foci of extramedullary infiltration, frequently showing a nodular pattern.For examination of Hb‐F of erythrocytes in formol‐flxed paraffin sections, alkali denaturatlon followed by spectrophotometry with UMSP‐I was applied. The denaturatlon rate of erythrocytes In the liver is lower In the juvenile type of GML than in the control adults and adult type of CML. ACTA PATH. JAP. 22:489–508, 1972.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON TUMORS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM OF RATS INDUCED BY CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS*
Authors: Ito Nobuyuki 
Published: December 2008

Tumors in rats were induced in the urinary system of rats with basic lead acetate (BLA), N‐nitrosodimethylamine (DMN), N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN), N‐nitrosodibutylamine (DBN), 3‐methylcholanthrene (3‐MC) and 4‐nitroquinollne 1‐oxide (4NQO). These kidney, ureter and urinary bladder tumors were studied by histopatho‐logy, histochemistry, autoradiography and electron microscopy.The tumors of the kidney were classified into the following 4 types; renal cell tumors, embryonal cell tumors, transitional cell tumors and hemangioendotheliomas. However, the tumors of all other regions were of one type, transitional cell tumors. Studies by light and electron microscopy and autoradiography and histochemlcal studies on the histogenesis of tumors of the urinary system in rats showed that renal cell tumors may originate from the renal tubular epithelium and from a part of the metanephrogenic tissue, embryonal cell tumors originate from metanephrogenic tissue and hemangioendotheliomas may originate from blood capillaries. Transitional cell tumors of the kidney, renal pelvis, ureter and bladder originate from transitional epithelium.
SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN NORMAL AND TRANSPLANTABLE OSTEOSARCOMA‐BEARING MICE
Authors: Shimokawa Kuniyasu 
Published: December 2008

Age variation of mouse serum alkaline phosphatase activity was ascertained with 263 CBAxC57BL/6 F1, hybrid mice 29 to 366 days old, by the Kind and King method. The values were 10.0 to 22.0, 5.2 to 7.9 and 4.0 to 5.1 K.A. units at 30, 80 to 200 and over 200 days of age, respectively. The mean values and their variation ranges gradually declined with age. The activity in females was constantly higher than in males.Serum alkaline phosphatase activity of 107 Gardner's osteosarcoma‐bearing mice was determined. At 10 to 15 days after transplantation when the grafted tumors were smaller than 3times3 mm, the values were all less than 10.0 K.A. units of those of normal mice. After the tumors had grown to over 3times3 mm in size, the values rose to the extent of 500.0 K.A. units with the increase of tumor size. The increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity was regarded as a marker of tumor growth.
GRANULOMATOUS AORTITIS ASSOCIATED WITH NECROTIZING ANGIITIS AND GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Authors: Hosoda Yasuhiro , Iri Hisami , Hata Jun‐ichi , Wakasugi Akira 
Published: December 2008

Two autopsy cases of granulomatous aortitis associated with necrotizing angiitis and glomerulonephritis were reported. Case 1 was a 31 year‐old female and a diagnosis of typical Takayasu's arteritis was made. Case 2 was a 64‐year‐old female. In the central portion of the aotlc media, granulomatous inflammation surrounding coagulation necrosis was observed. This aortitis is different from classical Takayasu's arteritis and is diagnosed as “unclassified” aortitis.The significance and inter‐relationship of these lesions were discussed. Clinical and anatomical features of these two cases suggest some common background of Immune abnormalities.
BONE FORMATION AND CALCIFICATION IN GASTRIC CANCER ‐CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Yasuma Tsuguo , Hashimoto Keisuke , Miyazawa Ryuichi , Hiyama Yoshiya 
Published: December 2008

A case of ossification in papillotubular adenocarcinoma of the stomach and a case of calcification in mucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach have been presented.The number of cases of ossification and/or calcification in gastric cancer was only 39 cases including our cases in the world literature, in which only three cases of ossification were included. Our first case with ossification is the first one in the Japanese literature. Theories on the pathogenesis of ossification and calcification in carcinomatous foci are discussed.
A STUDY ON THE INVASIVE GROWTH OF MALIGNANT TUMORS II. ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE METASTATIC GROWTH OF YOSHIDA ASCITES HEPATOMA 7974 IN THE RAT BRAIN
Authors: Machinami Rikuo 
Published: December 2008

Donryu rats were injected into the right common carotid artery with Yoshida ascites hepatoma AH 7974 cells and two hundred serial ultra‐thin sections of six small perivascular metastatic nodules of the cerebral cortex were examined under the electron microscope. The nodules were 30 to 68 μ in diameter and consisted of 6 to 12 tumor cells. The capillaries in these metastases were closely surrounded by the tumor cells and perivascular astrocytes were lost. Most of the tumor cells were light and swollen, with only a few dark tumor cells. Pinocytic vesicles were prominent in the tumor cell cytoplasmic projections which were in direct contact with capillary basement membranes and macrophages. Lysosomes could hardly be seen in the tumor cells. At the periphery of the metastatic nodules, several macrophages with prominent phago‐lysosomes were identified. Endothelial mitosis was found in only a larger metastasis.The findings indicate that most hepatoma cells in the early perivascular metastatic nodules are degenerative, and that the lysosomal enzymes and phagocytosis of tumor cells play only a small role in the destruction of the host tissues. The main response of the host in early metastasis is the appearance of macrophages at the periphery. Endothelial mitosis does not occur until metastases grow to a certain size.
PINEAL CHANGE IN REESE'S SYNDROME
Authors: Mori Wataru , Okeda Riki 
Published: December 2008

Two autopsy cases of Reese's syndrome showing conspicuous retinal dysplasia are reported. Stress Is laid on pineal changes seen in both, one of which was severe devastation assumed to be hypoplasia and the other was inability of its identification at autopsy being explained as aplasia or severe hypoplasia of this particular organ.Anomalous changes of various degrees have been reported to exist not rarely in various organs including the central nervous system in this syndrome, but the most constant and important one is believed to be retinal dysplasia frequently associated with microphthalmia. On the other hand, the pineal gland is said to be closely related to the eye, which fact seems to have been already accepted with lower animals but only postulated, although with considerable reasonability, in higher animals. Our hypothesis is that the pineal hypoplasia of our cases may not have occurred simultaneously by chance, but, may have resulted from close relation to their ocular hypoplasia.The moot phenomenon, pineal change in Reese's syndrome, should be confirmed in other cases before being established, and should this be accepted, it would be adequate to add pineal hypoplasia as another Important finding of Reese's syndrome.
AN AUTOPSY CASE OF MEGAKARYOCYTIC MYELOSIS
Authors: Iizumi Toshio , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Higuchi Masami 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 55‐year‐old male with so‐called megakaryocyte myelosis and granulocytic proliferation was reported.This case is different from ordinary leukemia because of massive presence of megakaryocyte and granulocytic proliferations in the bone marrow. The proliferating cells in other organs were different from leukemic infiltrations in nature.The criteria of neoplastic or neoplasm‐like proliferations of megakaryocytes have not yet been settled. The classification of megaka‐ryocytic myelosis was attempted based on histological findings of the bone marrow in comparison with reported cases in literatures.
ANGIOSARCOMA OF THE HEART – REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Ohtsuki Yuji , Kobayashi Shoji , Hayashi Takehiko , Ohmori Masaki 
Published: December 2008

A 69 years old female had bean clinically CDnsldered as cardiac insufficiency, but autopsy findings revealed angiosarcoma of the heart situated in the right atrial wall. Light and electron microscopic findings of this case were reported, and histopathological and statistical studies were made on 46 cases of angiosarcoma of the heart.This reported case is the 5th in Japan and the eldest up to date.
A LIPID METABOLIC DISEASE —“MEMBRANOUS LIPODYSTROPHY”— AN AUTOPSY CASE DEMONSTRATING NUMEROUS PECULIAR MEMBRANE‐STRUCTURES COMPOSED OF COMPOUND LIPID IN BONE AND BONE MARROW AND VARIOUS ADIPOSE TISSUES
Authors: Nasu Tsuyosi , Tsukahara Yoshiharu , Terayama Kazuo 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 38‐year‐old man demonstrating numerous peculiar membrane‐structures composed of compound lipid in the meta‐physis and marrow of long bones and various organs, where physiological hyperplasia ex vacuo of adipose tissue has occurred remarkably, is reported. The membranous structure was not observed in the brain while sudanophilic leucodystrophy was prominent.The cause of this case is assumed to be an abnormality in the process of differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal cell to fat cell in adult age, in which the lipid is combined with mucopolysaccharide in the ground substance of connective tissue, resulting in formation of peculiar membranous structure. ACTA PATH. JAP. 23: 539–558, 1973.
INDUCTION OF A DISEASE RESEMBLING SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS IN C57BL/6J MICE BY PROLONGED IMMUNIZATION WITH EGG ALBUMIN*
Authors: Okumura Ko 
Published: December 2008

G57BL/6J mice were given weekly injections of egg albumin (EA) for up to 27 weeks. Frequent occurrence of degenerative glomerulonephritis was noted in the later stage of the experiment. It appears that the glomerular involvement was mostly due to glomerular deposition of EA and anti‐EA complexes.However, three mice, in which anti‐nuclear antibody was detected, showed no definite localization of EA in the glomerulus, despite remarkable granular or lumpy deposition of mouse IgG. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of peculiarly organized structures in the deposits in the mesangium, which resemble those found in human lupus nephritis.It is thus assumed that, in the later state of prolonged antigenic stimulation, two different types of glomerulonephritis could be induced in animals, i.e., chronic serum sickness nephritis and lupus‐like nephritis.
ROLE OF GERMINAL CENTER IN IMMUNE RESPONSE ENZYME IMMUNO‐HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY USING HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE
Authors: Hirokawa Katsuiku , Esaki Yukiyoshi , Nariuchi Hideo 
Published: December 2008

Using enzyme Immuno‐hlstochemlcal method with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a study on the relation between localization of antigen and antibody, and development of germinal center in lymph node after primary and secondary stimulation was made.Blastic antibody forming cells and intercellular localization of the antibody were noticed in newly formed germinal centers of draining lymph nodes within 7 days after primary antigenic stimulation. With increase of circulating antibodies produced by the draining lymph nodes, it accumulated in ready made germinal centers of generalized non‐draining lymph nodes. At the time of primary stimulation, the HRP antigen was never observed in solid follicles or newly formed germinal centers, and even in ready made germinal centers it became localized only transiently and was never retained. After secondary stimulation, the antigen accumulated quickly in the light zone of germinal centers, being trapped by the previously present antibody. Three days later, antibody forming cells began to be noticed in germinal centers as well as in medullae of non‐draining lymph nodes where no antibody forming cells had been so far observed, and in medullae of draining lymph nodes they increased markedly. Passively injected anti‐HRP antibody accumulated also in germinal centers of non‐primed mice and successively injected antigen was easily trapped in these germinal centers. Passively injected soluble antigen‐antibody‐complexes were localized in germinal centers of non‐primed mice. In both these cases, antibody forming cells appeared only in germinal centers and none in medullae. Blastic cells, proliferating in germinal center and producing 2‐ME sensitive antibody were not considered to be directly related with antibody forming cells in the medulla of lymph node.
PLASMA FREE FATTY ACID and ACUTE VASCULAR INJURY
Authors: Numano Fujio , Kobayashi Masahiko , Moriya Kinya , Numano Fujie , Shimamoto Takio 
Published: December 2008

One‐shot treatment of atherogenic substances, such as cholesterol, animal fat, adrenalin or cigarette smoking to animals induces “acute vascular injury” characterized histologically by swollen endothelial cells and edematous changes in subendothelial layer and upper part of media of aorta (Shimamoto et al., 1960), the cause of which is still unknown.Most of these atherogenic substances or procedures are known to increase the level of free fatty acid (FFA) in serum and the possibility of FFA as a direct attacker to induce this edematous change in arterial wall was studied. Oral administration of oleic acid (2 g/kg), intravenous injection of angiotensin II (10 γ/kg or 1 γ/kg) or heparin (200 unit/kg), intramuscular injection of AGTH (10 unit) or concomitant administration of cholesterol (2 g/kg) and epinephrine (1 γ/kg) or oleic acid (2 g/kg) and epinephrine (1 γ/kg) were performed in 21 rabbits and histological features of aortic wall of each treated rabbit were compared with those of 6 placebo control rabbits, all of which were sacrificed 2 hours after treatment.All treated rabbits exhibited a statistically significant increase of serum free fatty acid, compared with that before treatment. Serum cholesterol level did not change after these treatments. Histological examination, however, revealed a typical edematous change in aortic wall of rabbits treated with angiotensin II or cholesterol and epinephrine. Those treated with ACTH, heparin or oleic acid, did not exhibit such pathological changes in their aortic wall. These different histological findings suggest that the elevation of plasma FFA was not a direct offender to acute vascular injury in aortic wall.
HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES IN WOLMAN'S DISEASE – REPORT OF AN AUTOPSY CASE ACCOMPANIED WITH A LARGE AMOUNT OF MILKY ASCITES –
Authors: Uno Yutaka , Taniguchi Aki , Tanaka Eiichi 
Published: December 2008

This is a case of a male infant who suffered from “Primary familial xanthomatosis with involvement and calcification of adrenals” (Wolman's disease). The clinical symptoms were characteristic hepatosplenomega‐ly, abdominal distention and a large amount of milky ascites. The patient died at the age of 2 1/2 months.X‐ray revealed enlarged, well‐shaped, calcified adrenal glands. Foamy cells in different organs which were observed at autopsy confirmed the diagnosis. On histochemical examination, deposition of a triglyceride‐cholesterol mixture was found in mesenchymal and epithelial cells of the liver, adrenals, spleen, lymph nodes and mucosa of the small intestine.
RADIATION ENCEPHALOPATHY:—AN AUTOPSY CASE and SOME COMMENTS ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF DELAYED RADIONECROSIS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: Okeda Riki , Shibata Toshikatsu 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of radiation encephalopathy is reported. This case was bilaterally irradiated for epipharyngeal carcinoma with ,60Go (Total dosis of each side: 6020 r/20 fractions /23 days) and taken ill with the latent period of 2 years after the termination of the irradiation and had a clinical course of 3 years.The clinical symptoms and pathological findings including the distribution of vascular and parenchymal lesions were similar to other cases of radiation encephalopathy following irradiation to the hypophysis.From the findings of reconstruction of serial sections, the distribution of the lesions and the comparative study with the findings of reconstruction of serial sections of two autopsy cases of radiation myelopathy, it is considered that the pathogenesis of radiation encephalopathy and myelopathy is identical. Not only endothelial damage, but also circulatory disturbance of the venous system of definite areas, plays an important role for the determination of localisation and character of vascular and parenchymal changes.
STUDIES ON ANIMAL COLLAGENASE
Authors: Usuku Gentaro , Honya Masura , Oyamada Ikuko , Ogata Tomoyuki 
Published: December 2008

During metamorphosis, the collagen layer (basement lamella) of the resorbing tail fin of bullfrog tadpole was markedly disintegrated, and was invaded by mesenchymal cells from below, which contained cytoplasmic vacuoles enclosing collagen fibrils. Participation of the locally produced collagenase in the process was discussed.By use of the tissue incubation method, collagenolytlc activity was found In the wound tissues of the rabbit dorsal skin, and its significance In the wound healing process was discussed. Some of the repairing tissues after incubation were histologically examined.In the human stomach, high degree of collagenolytlc activity was observed in the mucosa affected by gastritis after Incubation, and there were several evidences that some kinds of cancerous tissues possessed a certain degree of the activity. The collagenolytlc enzyme from the mucosa of gastritis was proved to have the characteristics of animal collagenase, previously obtained from tadpoles or other mammalian tissues.