bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of nurses, midwives, and physicians attitudes in regard to health reform plan at Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2020
Authors: Pourfarid Yasaman , Hojat Mohsen 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:
The health reform plan (HRP) is a plan to improve Iran's health systems that began in 2014. The three main approaches of this plan include financial protection of the people, creating justice in access to health services, and improving the quality of services. It predicted that the level of health system responsiveness would increase. Achieving this goal is possible only with the correct implementation. The best people to measure the correct implementation are nurses, midwives, and physicians. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the attitude of nurses, midwives, and physicians about the implementation of the HRP.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in educational hospitals of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2020. By convenience sampling method, 325 nurses, midwives, and physicians participated in this study. Sampling was done in all work shifts, and in all wards. A researcher-making questionnaire was used to collect data. The scoring did by the Likert scale from (completely agree = 4 to completely disagree = 1). Quantitative and qualitative face and content validity was calculated (IS: 0.84, CVI: 0.92, CVR: 0.87), and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method (0.78). The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U-test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for the data analysis (P ≤ 0.05).

RESULTS:
In the study, 90.15% agreed with the implementation of the HRP. There was no significant difference between the male and female (P = 0.063). There was a significant difference between the educational degree (P = 0.006), married and the single participants’ attitude (P = 0.003), the nurses, midwives, and physicians (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
HRP is more successful in the field of financial protection, so policymakers should pay more attention to justice in access to health services and improving the quality of services fields.
Psychosocial Well-being among Diabetic Individuals
Authors: Samajdar Shambo Samrat , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Tripathi Santanu Kumar 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Quality of life (QoL) assessment is considered an important outcome measure in chronic disease management. With an increase in the prevalence of diabetes in India, it becomes imperative to assess QoL in diabetic patients for their better care and control. The present study aimed to assess the QoL among diabetic patients attending the diabetic outpatient clinic and probe its association with glycemic status and management.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted for 4 months among 185 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Information on sociodemographic profile, diabetic history, and current medications was obtained. QoL was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The results were statistically analyzed.

Results:
Using GHQ-28, the psychosocial components of the patients in the fields related to somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, and severe depression were assessed. Significantly higher GHQ scores (P < 0.05) were noted in T2DM patients with higher glycated hemoglobin and increased plasma glucose levels, suggesting stronger associations of poorer QoL with compromised glycemic status. Insulin users exhibited higher GHQ scores (higher scores for depression subdomains) compared to noninsulin users. QoL was also found significantly dependent on the duration of diabetes and other comorbidities.

Conclusion:
The psychosocial well-being of the patients is significantly impacted in cases of chronic ailments like diabetes which adds to the total disease burden eventually. The present study warrants periodic assessment of QoL in diabetic individuals as a part of routine care along with advise of psychiatric counseling for those in need.
Corneal stress-strain index in myopic Indian population
Authors: Kenia Vaishal P. , Kenia Raj V. , Bendre Pradnya , Pirdankar Onkar H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

AIM:
The purpose is to study the corneal stress-strain index (SSI) in myopic refractive error among Indian subjects.

METHODS:
A retrospective study where young myopic subjects aged between 11 and 35 years who had undergone corneal biomechanics assessment using Corvis ST between January 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled. Subjects with central corneal thickness (CCT) <500 m, intraocular pressure (IOP) >21 mmHg, history of any systemic and ocular disease or any previous ocular surgery, high astigmatism, corneal disease such as keratoconus were excluded. Subjects with missing data or having poor quality scan were excluded. Corneal biomechanical properties and corneal SSI were assessed using Corvis ST. For statistical purposes, eyes were divided into four different groups and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

RESULTS:
Nine hundred and sixty-six myopic eyes with mean ± standard deviation age, IOP, and CCT of 26.89 ± 4.92 years, 16.94 ± 2.00 mmHg, and 540.18 ± 25.23 microns, respectively, were included. There were 311, 388, 172, and 95 eyes that were low, moderate, severe, and extreme myopic. Deformation amplitude ratio at 1 mm and 2 mm were similar across different myopic groups. A significant increase in max inverse radius, ambrosia relational thickness, biomechanically corrected IOP, integrated radius was noted with an increase in myopic refractive error. Corvis biomechanical index, corneal SSI was found to be decreased significantly with an increase in myopic refractive error. We noted a significant positive association between myopic refractive error and SSI (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Corneal SSI was found to be reduced in extreme myopic eyes.
The prevalence of functional amblyopia and its related risk factors in preschool children in North-Eastern Iran
Authors: Hamidi Aghdas , Jalalifar Samira , Atigh Somayyeh Boomi Quchan , Darvishi Azam , Sharif Nasrin Moghadas , Lashkardoost Hossein , Sangsefidi Negar , Shandiz Javad Heravian 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Purpose was to determine the prevalence of amblyopia and its related risk factors in children aged 3–6 years in Bojnurd, north-eastern Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, from 12,331 children aged 3–6 in Bojnurd, 6600 children participated in annual amblyopic screening program and among them, around 1100 suspected cases were referred for full ophthalmic examinations. Measurement of visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, subjective refraction, and cover test were performed for all participants. Amblyopia was defined as CDVA of 0.2 LogMar or less in each eye or 2-line difference or more in best-corrected visual acuity between two eyes.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of amblyopia was estimated 0.95% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73%–1.2%). There was no relationship between amblyopia with age and genders. Most amblyopic children were hyperopic (61.9%; 95% CI: 48.7–73.8). Strabismus was found in 17.4% of amblyopic patients (95% CI: 9.05%–29.09%). Approximately half of the amblyopic children were anisometropic (55.5%; 95% CI: 42.40%–68.08%). The most common type of amblyopia was anisohyperopic (55.56%; 95% CI: 42.5%–67.5%). The prevalence of bilateral amblyopia was more than unilateral amblyopia. The assessment of data showed that hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia were the most common causes of amblyopia in this study.

CONCLUSIONS:
The prevalence of amblyopia was estimated about 1% in north-eastern Iran. Our study indicated a valuable information around the effect of refractive error and anisometropia on amblyopia which could be helpful in designing a comprehensive vision screening program for preschool children.
A simplified sclerocorneal tunnel approach in performing pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Abdullah Omer Othman , Oksuz Huseyin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Performing pediatric lensectomy, anterior vitrectomy with intraocular lens implantation in one session, using a long sclerocorneal tunnel and covering the incision site with 8/0 Vicryl sutures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study includes 52 eyes of 30 patients with pediatric cataracts. At the temporal side, the conjunctival peritomy was performed, followed by two long sclerocorneal side ports and the main incision for intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation. At the end of the operation, the side port and the conjunctiva incisions were sutured with 8/0 Vicryl sutures. The IOLs were implanted in children older than 24 months, not in smaller ones. The operations and intraoperative complications were recorded. After the operation, the patients were examined on the 1st postoperative day, then six times for the first 6 months. During follow-ups, the impact of the suture on the anterior segment complications and astigmatism was evaluated.

RESULTS:
The age of the patients ranged between 2 months and 8 years. The average operation time was 28 ± 6 min. Due to the suture-related complication, neither re-suturing nor stitch removal was carried out; therefore, general anesthesia was not repeated. The average astigmatism value of the children in the postoperative 1st week was 1.5 ± 1.2 D (0.5–4.0). The mean astigmatism value was 0.8 ± 0.5 D (0.5–1.5) in the 3rd postoperative month.

CONCLUSION:
The long corneoscleral tunnel method has been found safe in pediatric cataract surgery.
Treatment outcomes for maculopathy secondary to retinal vein occlusion in Afghanistan
Authors: Delsoz Mohammad , Mousavi Sayed Hamid , Aslam Sher A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in Afghanistan.

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was conducted of all RVO cases that underwent intravitreal ant-VEGF injection at the two leading hospitals in Kabul. The main outcome measures were visual acuity and central retinal thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography. Information was also collected on the distance traveled by each patient and the frequency of injections.

RESULTS:
One hundred and twenty-five eyes of 121 patients (86 males) with RVO were identified as having undergone treatment, with a mean age of 53.1 years (range 20–80). The only agent used was bevacizumab. The mean central retinal thickness reduced from 624.2 ± 24.9 mm at the baseline to 257.8 ± 5.7 mm following treatment (P < 0.001). There was a small increase in visual acuity from 1.33 LogMAR at the baseline to 1.13 LogMAR following the most recent injection (P = 0.03, paired t-test). The mean distance traveled by patients was 173.9 km (range 2–447 km).

CONCLUSION:
Despite the challenges of health-care provision in Afghanistan, this review shows that the use of intravitreal bevacizumab has provided an effective treatment for macular edema after RVO.
Inadvertent triple globe penetration during peribulbar anesthesia
Authors: Poornachandra B. , Hande Prathiba , Thomas Sherina , Shetty Rohit , Bhandary Ananth 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Inadvertent globe perforation following peribulbar anesthesia can lead to unpleasant experiences if not identified early and managed appropriately. We present the case of a 75-year-old female who came with decreased vision in the left eye (LE) following cataract surgery under peribulbar block. Her visual acuity in the right eye (RE) was 6/24 and LE was 6/75. Fundus examination of LE showed vitreous hemorrhage with localized subretinal hemorrhage along the inferotemporal arcade suggestive of globe perforation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT, Spectralis. Heidelberg imaging, Germany) scan across the perforation site showed subretinal hemorrhage and full-thickness retinal tear. On follow-up, two more focal points of retinal whitening were noted in the inferotemporal equatorial region. The patient was kept under close monitoring, and 4 weeks later, vision improved to 6/9 and barrage laser was done around the perforation sites. Serial OCT scans and close follow-up in iatrogenic globe perforation can result in good visual outcomes.
A simplification of intricate multifocal electroretinogram understanding: A mini-review
Authors: Chen Ai-Hong , Rafiuddin Muhamad Syukri Mohamad , Ahmad Azmir , Rosli Saiful Azlan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Variation of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) data presentation in existing scientific publications is a challenge for eye care practitioners to apply the scientific information for evidence-based practice in patient management. This review offers an overview of the mfERG data presentation types. Eight types of data presentation in the form of a table, scatter plot, line graph, bar graph/box plot, single waveform/a group of waveforms, trace array topography, three-dimensional topography, and two-dimensional topography are identified. The table format is used to provide the exact values. Line graphs, scatter, and box plots offer information about the relationship of mfERG values. Waveforms are helpful for comparison between groups or conditions. Topographies outline the retinal, especially the specific localized retinal abnormalities. An infographic of fundamental mfERG electrical response with definitions and clinical indications is provided to bridge the gap between researchers and clinicians to facilitate efficient clinical application.
Phacoemulsification in patients with diabetic macular edema – A real-world data of 75 eyes
Authors: Bassi Shikha Talwar , Salim Shebin , Rishi Ekta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of phacoemulsification with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection in patients with cataract and diabetic macular edema (DME) across the grades of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It was a retrospective observational study. The study included 70 patients (75 eyes) with cataract and clinically significant macular edema in diabetics with nonproliferative (61 eyes) or proliferative (14 eyes) DR who underwent phacoemulsification with IVTA. Visual outcome and progression of DME over 3 months were studied in terms of the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), respectively.

RESULTS:
The case records of 70 patients (75 eyes) were studied. The mean baseline BCVA (n = 75) in the logMAR scale ± SD was 0.92 ± 0.53. 3 weeks after the surgery, the mean BCVA improved to 0.39 ± 0.26 and the mean CMT (n = 40) was 382.57 ± 192.30 compared with the mean preoperative CMT of 480.57 ± 163.25 in the same set (P = 0.01). The mean CMT decreased at 3 weeks in 22 (55% of the eyes). An improvement of ≥2 lines was seen at 3 weeks in 52 (69.33%) eyes and in 49 (65.33%) eyes at 3 months. The mean CMT at 3 months was 445.51 ± 222.99 (n = 70) compared to the preoperative mean CMT of 470.72 ± 176.15 in the same set (P = 0.29). The mean CMT decreased at 3 months in 34 (48.5%) eyes.

CONCLUSIONS:
Phacoemulsification with IVTA injection improved the mean visual acuity at 3 weeks and 3 months in two-thirds of cases and decreased the mean CMT at 3 weeks in nearly half the numbers.
Scleral-fixated intraocular lens implantation with “irregular, knotless, zigzag-shaped scleral tunnel suture technique” combined with pars plana vitrectomy or anterior vitrectomy
Authors: Gunduz Abuzer , Ozturk Emrah , Cankaya Cem , Atas Pamuk B.U. 
Published: February 2024

PURPOSE:
This study aims to introduce a new suture method and report surgical outcomes of patients who underwent scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SF-IOL) implantation combined with either pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or anterior vitrectomy (AV).

METHODS:
Twenty-three eyes performed SF-IOL implantation combined with PPV (Group 1), and 34 eyes performed SF-IOL implantation combined with AV (Group 2) were included in the study prospectively. The SF-IOL, either polymethyl methacrylate or foldable IOL, was sutured into the sclera using PC-9 sutures in an irregular, knotless, and zigzag-shaped manner. The scleral tunnel was approximately 12-15 mm long, with at least four sharp edges. Suture tips were trimmed within the scleral tunnel. Postoperative outcomes and complications were evaluated.

RESULTS:
Both groups showed no complications such as suture tip expulsion, suture reaction, IOL dislocation, or increased intraocular pressure during postoperative visits. Group 1 exhibited a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity compared to preoperative values (P = 0.036 for the 1st month, <0.001 for the 3rd month). Similarly, Group 2 demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity compared to the preoperative period (P = 0.001 for the 1st month, <0.001 for the 3rd month).

CONCLUSION:
The “irregular, knotless, and zigzag-shaped scleral tunnel suture technique” yielded favorable results in terms of IOL stability and visual acuity. This technique can be safely employed in patients undergoing SF-IOL implantation combined with PPV or AV.
Acceleration of moyamoya disease after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections
Authors: Alotaibi Abdulaziz K. , Fallatah Sameeha , Refka Nabeel , Alrobaian Malek 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, progressive, irreversible vaso-occlusive disease affecting the cerebral vasculature. The progressive occlusion of blood vessels leads to the development of collateral vessels to compensate for the insufficient blood supply. Some growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may cause excessive and aberrant angiogenesis in MMD. We report a case of a 55-year-old male, following up in retina clinics for diabetic retinopathy and macular edema who received anti-VEGF agents then he presented to the emergency room with left-sided face and body weakness, dysphagia, and dysarthria. Based on his clinical presentation and neuroimaging, he was diagnosed with moyamoya progression. We hypothesize that receiving anti-VEGF agents could have contributed to MMD progression in our patient and interfered with the collateral vessel development in a similar manner to their intended use in regressing neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy.
Spontaneous coronary artery rupture after lung cancer surgery: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ruan Ying-Ding , Han Jian-Wei 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
Spontaneous coronary artery rupture (SCAR) is a rare and life-threatening complication after lung cancer surgery. We present a case of SCAR following left upper lobectomy, successfully managed through emergency thoracotomy and coronary artery ligation.
CASE SUMMARY
A 61-year-old male patient underwent left upper lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection for lung cancer. The surgery was performed using single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and there were no observed complications during the procedure. However, 19 h after surgery, the patient experienced chest discomfort and subsequently developed severe symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and a drop in blood pressure. Urgent measures were taken, leading to the diagnosis of SCAR. The patient underwent emergency thoracotomy and coronary artery ligation, successfully stopping the bleeding and stabilizing the condition. Despite postoperative complications, the patient made a successful recovery and was discharged from the hospital.
CONCLUSION
SCAR is a rare but life-threatening complication following lung cancer surgery. Immediate thoracotomy has been shown to be a life-saving measure, while stenting is not the preferred initial approach.
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND CHARACTERISTICS AND BRAND SATISFACTION ON BRAND LOYALTY WITH BRAND TRUST AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE ON MS GLOW PRODUCTS IN SOLORAYA
Authors: Widiyana Hetty , Nasir Moechammad 
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik merek dan kepuasan merek terhadap loyalitas merek dengan kepercayaan merek sebagai variabel mediasi pada produk Ms Glow di Soloraya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatori dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa di Soloraya yang menggunakan MS Glow. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah probability sampling dengan pendekatan purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dengan perhitungan Malhottra. Sampel dari penelitian ini sebanyak 140 responden. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan menggunakan bantuan Software SMARTPLS. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa karakteristik merek, kepuasan merek dan kepercayaan merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas merek. Karakteristik merek, kepuasan merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepercayaan merek. Kepercayaan merek dapat memediasi hubungan antara karakteristik merek dan kepuasan merek terhadap loyalitas merek secara parsial.
Juror Personality on Sexual Assault Verdicts Utilizing the Big Five Model
Authors: Gudiseva Sreeja , Waxman Eliot , Levinson Justin 
Published: February 2024

The prevalence of sexual assault and the low number of sexual assault convictions makes it imperative to research such judicial matters. The key element or constant in each trial would be the jury. The jury decides whether or not to convict the defendant. In order to increase the rightful convictions, a study on jurors was done; specifically a study on juror personality. By reviewing previous studies done on juror personality, there appears to be a connection between juror personality and bias toward sexual assault (Clark et al., 2007). To study this, a survey was sent out to willing participants who are eligible to be jurors. The survey included a personality test portion and a sexual assault prompt portion. The personality test portion included questions pertaining to the Agreeableness facet and the sexual assault case prompts made the participants vote guilty or not guilty for the defendant charged. The results showed that there was no correlation between the specific Agreeableness facet and bias toward sexual assault; however, there was evidence showing that the 31-40 Agreeableness score range (from 10-50), yielded the highest bias against the defendant. The implications of this study have applications in various legal fields to convict sexual assaulters to a higher extent.