bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor-β Inhibition in Radioimmunotherapy of Experimental Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Baranowska-Kortylewicz Janina , Abe Michio , Nearman Jessica , Enke Charles A. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Purpose: Thus far, the therapy of pancreatic cancer remains an insurmountable challenge. Not a solitary therapeutic modality in the battery of available therapeutic options is capable to cure or, at the very least, stop the progression of this disease in any meaningful way. The purpose of reported here studies was to implement a multimodality approach to radioimmunotherapy of pancreatic cancer and, ultimately, to develop a course of therapy with the clinical value.
Experimental Design: Animal model was NCr-nu/nu mouse bearing s.c. xenografts of SW1990 pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Radioimmunotherapy based on 131ICC49, a TAG-72-targeting monoclonal antibody, was augmented with imatinib, a potent inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β. The postulated interactions between these two modalities depended on the imatinib-induced drop in the tumor interstitial fluid pressure and the subsequent increase of 131ICC49 uptake into the tumor, resulting in improved tumor responses to radioimmunotherapy.
Results: Biodistribution studies revealed a 50% improvement in the tumor uptake of 131ICC49 in mice treated with imatinib. Tumor development was practically arrested for ∼3 weeks in response to the treatment composed of 131ICC49 and imatinib with tumor quadrupling time (TQ) of 40.8 days. 131ICC49 alone and imatinib alone also delayed the tumor growth to TQ of 30.2 and 31.2 days, respectively. Unanticipated was the significant response of SW1990 to a brief treatment with imatinib given i.p. at 100 mg/kg b.i.d. for 3 days. Xenografts in control mice receiving injection of PBS had TQ of 23 days.
Conclusions: The inclusion of imatinib in the radioimmunotherapy regimen is beneficial and it does not produce any overt side effects. The improved responses of pancreatic cancer xenografts to the multimodality treatment comprising radioimmunotherapy and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β inhibition suggest that this approach to therapy of pancreatic cancer may also be successful in patients.
XXY (Klinefelter Syndrome): A Pediatric Quantitative Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Case-Control Study
Authors: Giedd Jay N. , Clasen Liv S. , Wallace Gregory L. , Lenroot Rhoshel K. , Lerch Jason P. , Wells Elizabeth Molloy , Blumenthal Jonathan D. , Nelson Jean E. , Tossell Julia W. , Stayer Catherine , Evans Alan C. , Samango-Sprouse Carole A. 
Published: January 2007

OBJECTIVE. An extra X chromosome in males (XXY), known as Klinefelter syndrome, is associated with characteristic physical, cognitive, and behavioral features of variable severity. The objective of this study was to examine possible neuroanatomical substrates of these cognitive and behavioral features during childhood and adolescence.METHODS. MRI brain scans were acquired for 42 XXY and 87 healthy XY age-matched control males. We compared these 2 groups on regional brain volumes and cortical thickness.RESULTS. Total cerebral volume and all lobar volumes except parietal white matter were significantly smaller in the XXY group, whereas lateral-ventricle volume was larger. Consistent with the cognitive profile, the cortex was significantly thinner in the XXY group in left inferior frontal, temporal, and superior motor regions.CONCLUSION. The brain-imaging findings of preferentially affected frontal, temporal, and motor regions and relative sparing of parietal regions are consistent with observed cognitive and behavioral strengths and weaknesses in XXY subjects.
Efficacy, Immunogenicity, and Safety of a Pentavalent Human-Bovine (WC3) Reassortant Rotavirus Vaccine at the End of Shelf Life
Authors: Block Stan L. , Vesikari Timo , Goveia Michelle G. , Rivers Stephen B. , Adeyi Ben A. , Dallas Michael J. , Bauder Jeffrey , Boslego John W. , Heaton Penny M. ,   for the Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine Dose Confirmation Efficacy Study Group
Published: January 2007

BACKGROUND. Rotavirus is the leading cause of dehydrating acute gastroenteritis in infants worldwide. Previous studies of a live pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine have shown it to be efficacious across a range of potencies.
OBJECTIVE. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine at the end of shelf life in healthy infants.
PATIENTS AND METHODS. During 2002–2004, 1312 healthy infants ∼6 to 12 weeks old from the United States (47%) and Finland (53%) were randomly assigned to receive 3 oral doses of vaccine (vaccine at ∼1.1 × 107 infectious U per dose) or placebo ∼4 to 10 weeks apart. Infants were to be followed for acute gastroenteritis through 1 rotavirus season after vaccination and for adverse events postvaccination.
RESULTS. Three doses of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine at the end of shelf life demonstrated efficacy against rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by human G-serotypes included in the vaccine (G1–G4). Efficacy against severe rotavirus gastroenteritis was 100%, and efficacy against any rotavirus gastroenteritis regardless of severity was 72.5%. A threefold rise in G1 serum neutralizing was observed in 57% and in anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin A in 96% of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine recipients. No statistically significant increase in vomiting, diarrhea, or irritability was observed among pentavalent rotavirus vaccine recipients compared with placebo recipients within the 7-day period from each dose. A statistically significant increase in fevers (≥100.5°F, rectal equivalent) was observed among pentavalent rotavirus vaccine recipients compared with placebo recipients after dose 1.
CONCLUSIONS. This pentavalent human-bovine rotavirus vaccine was generally well tolerated, efficacious, and immunogenic at the end of shelf life.
Die‐swell behavior during the short‐tube flow of rubber compounds
Authors: Liang Ji‐Zhao 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn this study, the flow properties and die‐swell ratios (B's) of two kinds of rubber compounds (SI was a calcium carbonate filled natural rubber compound, and SII was a carbon‐black‐filled natural rubber/butadiene–styrene rubber/cis‐1,4‐butadiene rubber compound) in a short‐tube extrusion flow were measured by means of a capillary rheometer under test conditions with a temperature of 90°C and an apparent shear rate varying from 10 to 4000 s−1 to identify the effects of extrusion conditions on the rheological behavior of the materials and to estimate B. The shear flow roughly obeyed the power law, whereas B increased nonlinearly with increasing extrusion rate. Under the same shear rates, the viscosity of SII was higher than that of SI, whereas the values of B of SI were higher than those of SII. Furthermore, B of the rubber compounds was estimated by means of an extrudate swell equation published in a previous work. The results show that the predictions of B were close to the measured data from the experiments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Phase II trial of dose‐dense doxorubicin plus gemcitabine followed by paclitaxel plus carboplatin in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and impaired renal function
Authors: Galsky Matthew D. , Iasonos Alexia , Mironov Svetlana , Scattergood Joseph , Boyle Mary G. , Bajorin Dean F. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Cisplatin‐based therapy is standard in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma but a large proportion are ineligible due to renal impairment. The safety and activity of a dose‐dense carboplatin‐based regimen in this patient population were explored.METHODS.Patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma who were ineligible for cisplatin were eligible based on at least 1 of the following: 1) serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL; 2) creatinine clearance of >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <60 mL/min/1.73 m2; and/or 3) prior nephrectomy. Patients received treatment with doxorubicin plus gemcitabine every other week × 5 cycles followed by paclitaxel plus carboplatin weekly × 12 cycles.RESULTS.Twenty‐five patients were treated. Myelosuppression was the major toxicity, with 28% of patients experiencing grade 3–4 neutropenia; there were only 2 (8%) episodes of febrile neutropenia. Grade ≥3 nonhematologic toxicities were infrequent with the exception of grade ≥3 thrombotic episodes in 4 (16%) patients. There were 5 complete responses and 9 partial responses for an overall response rate of 56% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 35%–76%). The median survival was 15 months (95% CI: 11–30). At a median follow‐up for survivors of 45 months, 7 (28%) patients are disease‐free.CONCLUSIONS.Dose‐dense sequential chemotherapy is tolerable and active in patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal impairment. Prolonged disease‐free survival is achievable in a subset of patients with primary unresectable disease or lymph‐node only metastases treated with carboplatin‐based therapy ± surgical consolidation. Randomized trials are needed to define the optimal regimen in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and renal impairment. Cancer 2007 © 2007 American Cancer Society.
The use of flow cytometry to study the germination of Bacillus cereus endospores
Authors: Cronin Ultan P. , Wilkinson Martin G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractBackground:At present the study of endospore germination is conducted using microbiological methods which are slow and yield data based on the means of large heterogeneous populations. Flow cytometry (FCM) offers the potential to rapidly quantify and identify germination and outgrowth events for large numbers of individual endospores.Methods:Standard methods were employed to arrest the germination of Bacillus cereus endospores at defined stages. Endospores were then stained with SYTO 9 alone or carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) together with Hoechst 33342 and analysed using FCM. Comparisons were made between FCM as a method to measure germination rate and standard microbiological techniques.Results:Germinating endospores displayed increases in permeability to SYTO 9 and hydrolysis of CFDA compared with controls. Statistically significant correlations were found between the standard plate count method and both FCM methods for measuring the percentage of germinating and outgrowing endospores up to 75 min after addition of germinant.Conclusions:Using FCM, the percentage of germinating or outgrowing endospores at various time points during germination and/or outgrowth can be quantified. FCM with CFDA/Hoechst 33342 staining may be used to estimate overall germination rate, whereas FCM with SYTO 9 staining may be used to quantify ungerminated, germinating and outgrowing endospores. © 2007 International Society for Analytical Cytology.
Magnetic field effects on the polymerization of 6‐N,N‐dioctylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐dithiol
Authors: Wang Fang , Mori Kunio , Kang Zhixin , Oishi Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2007

AbstractElectrochemical polymerization of monosodium salt (1b) of 6‐N,N‐dioctylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐dithiol on stainless steels was investigated in zero (0T), perpendicular (5T⊥), and parallel (5T//) magnetic fields which are arranged perpendicular and parallel to the direction of electrolytic current. 5T⊥ magnetic field enhances the formation rate of poly(6‐N,N‐dioctylamino‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐disulfide) 2 films but suppresses the crystallinity of 2. However, 5T// magnetic field enhances the formation rate and the crystallinity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:60–64, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20257
Robust feedforward design in the presence of LTI/LTV uncertainties
Authors: Ferreres Gilles , Roos Clément 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA practical method is proposed for the convex design of robust feedforward controllers which ensuresH∞/L2performance in the face of LTI and arbitrarily time‐varying model uncertainties. A technique that computes the global minimum of this difficult infinite dimensional optimization problem is proposed, as well as a suboptimal but computationally less involved algorithm. Convergence is proved. An efficient way to analyse the robustness properties of a closed loop with or without feedforward controller is obtained as a subproblem. A missile example illustrates the efficiency of the scheme: a robust feedforward controller is designed either on the continuum of linearized time‐invariant models (corresponding to trim points) or on a quasi‐LPV model representing the non‐linear one. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engineering of PHB Synthesis Causes Improved Elastic Properties of Flax Fibers
Authors: Wróbel‐Kwiatkowska Magdalena , Zebrowski Jacek , Starzycki Michał , Oszmiański Jan , Szopa Jan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractFlax stem is a source of fiber used by the textile industry. Flax fibers are separated from other parts of stems in the process called retting and are probably the first plant fibers used by man for textile purposes ( 1). Nowadays flax cultivation is often limited because of its lower elastic property compared to cotton fibers. Thus the goal of this study was to increase the flax fiber quality using a transgenic approach. Expression of three bacterial genes coding for β‐ketothiolase ( phb A), acetoacetyl‐CoA reductase ( phb B), and PHB synthase ( phb C) resulted in poly‐β‐hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation in the plant stem. PHB is known as a biodegradable thermoplastic displaying chemical and physical properties similar to those of conventional plastics (i.e., polypropylene). The fibers isolated from transgenic flax plants cultivated in the field and synthesizing PHB were then studied for biomechanical properties. All measured parameters, strength, Youngapos;s modulus, and energy for failure of flax fibers, were significantly increased. Thus the substantial improvement in elastic properties of fibers from the transgenic line has been achieved. Since the acetyl CoA, substrate for PHB synthesis, is involved not only for energy production but also for synthesis of many cellular constituents, the goal of this study was also the analysis of those metabolites, which interfere with plant physiology and thus fiber quality. The analyzed plants showed that reduction in lignin, pectin, and hemicellulose levels resulted in increased retting efficiency. A significant increase in phenolic acids was also detected, and this was the reason for improved plant resistance to pathogen infection. However, a slight decrease in crop production was detected.
The London Revision of Haydn's Instrumental Style
Authors: Somfai László 
Published: January 2007

The most trustworthy contemporary biographer of Joseph Haydn, Georg August Griesinger, interviewing the aged composer, asked him whether it was true that he had composed the Andante of the ‘Surprise’ Symphony in order to waken the English who fell asleep at his concert. Haydn replied:
No, but I was interested in surprising the public with something new, and in making a brilliant debut, so that my student Pleyel, who was at that time engaged by an orchestra in London (in 1792) and whose concerts had opened a week before mine, should not outdo me. The first Allegro of my symphony had already met with countless Bravos, but the enthusiasm reached its highest peak at the Andante with the Drum Stroke. Encore! Encore! sounded in every throat, and Pleyel himself complimented me on my idea.
John Walsh's Publications of Telemann's Sonatas and the Authenticity of ‘Op. 2’
Authors: Swack Jeanne 
Published: January 2007

In the past decade the eighteenth-century London music publisher John Walsh has been subject to a new evaluation with regard to his pirated editions and deliberate misattributions, especially of the music of George Frideric Handel. That Walsh's attributions were anything but trustworthy had already been recognized in the eighteenth century: a surviving copy (London, British Library, BM g.74.d) of his first edition of the Sonates pour un traversiere un violon ou hautbois con basso continuo composées par G. F. Handel (c.1730), which, as Donald Burrows and Terence Best have shown, was provided with a title-page designed to simulate that of Jeanne Roger, bears the manuscript inscription ‘NB This is not Mr. Handel's’ in an eighteenth-century hand at the beginning of the tenth and twelfth sonatas, precisely those that Walsh removed in his second edition of this collection (c. 1731–2), advertised on the title-page as being ‘more Corect [sic] than the former Edition’. In the second edition Walsh substituted two equally questionable works in their place, each of which bears the handwritten inscription ‘Not Mr. Handel's Solo’ in a copy in the British Library (BM g.74.h). Two of the sonatas attributed to Handel in Walsh's Six Solos, Four for a German Flute and a Bass and Two for a Violin with a Thorough Bass … Composed by Mr Handel, Sigr Geminiani, Sigr Somis, Sigr Brivio (1730; in A minor and B minor) are also possibly spurious, while three of the four movements of the remaining sonata attributed to Handel in this collection (in E minor) are movements arranged from his other instrumental works. And in 1734 Johann Joachim Quantz, to whom Walsh devoted four volumes of solo sonatas (1730–44), complained of the publication of spurious and corrupted works:There has been printed in London and in Amsterdam under the name of the [present] author, but without his knowledge, 12 sonatas for the transverse flute and bass divided into two books. I am obliged to advertise to the public that only the first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth [sonatas] from the first book, and the first three from the second book, are his [Quantz's] compositions; and that he furthermore wrote them years ago, and besides they have, due to the negligence of the copyist or the printer, gross errors including the omission of entire bars, and that he does not sanction the printing of a collection that has no relationship with the present publication that he sets before the public.
The Masque of the Seventeenth Century, Its Origin and Development
Authors: Prendergast Arthur H. D. 
Published: January 2007

The Masque of the English Court in the seventeenth century was the vigorous and richly endowed descendant of a long line of gradually developing progenitors.Both Italy and England had their share in the nurture and improvement of this species of entertainment; its origin and earlier cultivation belonging to Italy, and its final and most successful elaboration to our own country.
The Nineteenth Century Musical Renaissance in France (1870–1895)
Authors: Cooper Martin 
Published: January 2007

Before I start on the main body of what I have to say, a few words of explanation are perhaps necessary.First of all, with regard to the limits which I have set myself. You will have seen the dates—1870–1895—and possibly wondered at their apparent arbitrariness. But all I could hope to do here is to trace the main outlines of the first stage of France's musical revival. Debussy is only just on my map; Ravel, Roussel and even the later Fauré quite off it. But by 1895 all the main contributory elements which formed these later styles had made their appearance. Satie and Chabrier—the models acclaimed by a later generation—were active before Franck was dead: the Schola Cantorum was founded in the same year as Debussy's Après midi d'un faune appeared—in 1894. These twenty-five years are not the most glorious: much of the music was still tentative and the sense of national style was by no means complete. But because they were years of growth they are particularly worthy of sympathetic study.
Revisions in Steffani's Chamber Duets
Authors: Timms Colin 
Published: January 2007

The chamber duets for two voices and continuo by Agostino Steffani (1654–1728) have always been considered models of perfection. In 1739 Johann Mattheson wrote that in this form Steffani was above comparison with any other composer known to him—and he was presumably including Handel.Mattheson defined the chamber duet as an aria for two voices instead of one. That both singers speak with one and the same voice is true not only of the duet movements but also of the solo movements within chamber duets. In the duet examined later, for example, both the soprano and contralto represent the lover of Cloris, to whom the text is addressed. This feature helps to distinguish most chamber duets from dialogue cantatas, in which each singer has a different role.
Estimating Dynamic Models Using Kalman Filtering
Authors: Beck Nathaniel 
Published: January 2007

The Kalman filter is useful to estimate dynamic models via maximum likelihood. To do this the model must be set up in state space form. This article shows how various models of interest can be set up in that form. Models considered are Auto Regressive-Moving Average (ARMA) models with measurement error and dynamic factor models.The filter is used to estimate models of presidential approval. A test of rational expectations in approval shows the hypothesis not to hold. The filter is also used to deal with missing approval data and to study whether interpolation of missing data is an adequate technique. Finally, a dynamic factor analysis of government entrepreneurial activity is performed.Appendices go through the mathematical details of the filter and show how to implement it in the computer language GAUSS.
Mortality in Patients Treated for Cushing’s Disease Is Increased, Compared with Patients Treated for Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenoma
Authors: Dekkers O. M. , Biermasz N. R. , Pereira A. M. , Roelfsema F. , van Aken M. O. , Voormolen J. H. C. , Romijn J. A. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Context: Increased mortality in patients with pituitary tumors after surgical treatment has been reported. However, it is unknown to what extent excess mortality is caused by pituitary tumors and their treatment in general and to what extent by previous exposure to hormonal overproduction.
Objective: The aim of the study was to compare mortality between patients treated for Cushing’s disease and nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs).
Design: This was a follow-up study.
Patients: We included 248 consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas treated by transsphenoidal surgery in our hospital for NFMAs (n = 174) and ACTH-producing adenomas (n = 74). The mean duration of follow-up after surgery was 10.1 ± 7.2 yr for the whole cohort.
Outcome Measures: The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated for the whole cohort and also for the two diseases separately. Cox regression analysis was used to compare mortality in patients with Cushing’s disease with NFMA patients.
Results: Patients with Cushing’s disease (39.1 ± 16.1 yr) were significantly younger at time of operation than NFMA patients (55.3 ± 13.4 yr). The SMR for the whole cohort was 1.41 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–1.86]. The SMR in NFMA patients was 1.24 (95% CI, 0.85–1.74) vs. 2.39 (95% CI, 1.22–3.9) in patients with Cushing’s disease. In patients with Cushing’s disease, compared with NFMAs, the age-adjusted mortality was significantly increased: hazard ratio 2.35 (95% CI, 1.13–4.09, P = 0.008).
Conclusions: Mortality in patients previously treated for Cushing’s disease is increased, compared with patients treated for NFMAs. This implies that previous, transient overexposure to cortisol is associated with increased mortality.