bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rahmenwerk zur teilautonomen Aufgabenbearbeitung mit Rehabilitationsrobotern (Framework for Semi-autonomous Task Execution with Rehabilitation Robots)
Authors: Martens Christian , Gräser Axel 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
Rehabilitationsroboter mit einem realen Nutzen für ihre Anwender müssen Aufgaben auf hohem Abstraktionsniveau bearbeiten können. Dies macht die situationsbezogene Planung und Ausführung von Handlungen durch das Robotersystem erforderlich. Beim jetzigen Stand der Forschung und Entwicklung ist die Umsetzung dieser Forderung nur durch die Einbeziehung der kognitiven Fähigkeiten des Anwenders in den Prozess der Aufgabenbearbeitung umsetzbar. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein softwaretechnisches und algorithmisches Rahmenwerk vorgestellt, das eine Erweiterung von Rehabilitationsrobotern um die Fähigkeit zur teilautonomen Aufgabenbearbeitung ermöglicht.
Systematischer Entwurf eines signalbasierten Fehlerdiagnosesystems, Teil 1 (A Systematic Designing Approach for Signal-based Fault Diagnosis System, Part 1)
Authors: Feid Michael , Pandit Madhukar 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
Der vorliegende Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit der Entwurfsmethodik eines signalbasierten Fehlerdiagnosesystems. Diagnosesysteme sind dadurch charakterisiert, dass der Entwicklungsaufwand einen beträchtlichen Anteil an den Gesamtsystemkosten darstellt. Folglich ist es von Interesse, Verfahren und Werkzeuge zu schaffen, die einen schnellen und systematischen Entwurf unterstützen.
Es ist das Ziel, Verfahren aus Gebieten der Signal- und Bildverarbeitung sowie der Entscheidungstheorie für die Belange der Fehlerdiagnose zuzuschneiden und damit einen systematischen Entwicklungsprozess für ein signalbasiertes Diagnosesystem zu erarbeiten und anzugeben.
Die hier beschriebene Methodik dient als Grundlage für ein CAE-Tool für den Entwurf eines signalbasierten Diagnosesystems. Teil 1 der Veröffentlichung befasst sich mit den Grundlagen, Teil 2 beschreibt den Entwurf an einem praktischen Beispiel.
Making visible the invisible logic of inquiry: Uncovering multiple challenges
Authors: GREEN JUDITH L. , LEE CAROL D. 
Published: January 2006

Book reviewed in this article:Discourse Analysis and the Study of Classroom Language and Literacy Events: A Microethnographic Perspective. David Bloome, Stephanie Power Carter, Beth Morton Christian, Sheila Otto, and Nora Shuart‐Faris. 2005.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Recent Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Abbott Brian L. 
Published: January 2006

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss prognostic markers for CLL, including ZAP70 expression, IgVH rearrangements, and CD38 expression.Describe the latest chemotherapy regimens for CLL, including combinations containing nucleoside analogues and monoclonal antibodies.Describe appropriate indications for initiation of treatment for CLL.
Access and take the CME test online and receive 1 AMA PRA category 1 credit at CME.TheOncologist.com
In My Craft and Sullen Art or Sketching the Future by Drawing on the Past
Authors: Stacey Michael 
Published: January 2006

AbstractWhether made digitally or by hand, remotely or locally, realisation of architecture is still reliant on the agency of dialogue from a practice that stems from oral exchange. Professor Michael Stacey, a global figure in the development of digital fabrication in architecture, and author of Component Design, draws from his broad experience in manufacturing, practice and research. This grounded text is a prompt for architectural practice to adopt digital fabrication technologies with clear reference and understanding of their origins and, thus, redefine itself as a form of live research. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orgone Reef
Authors: Beesley Philip 
Published: January 2006

AbstractMaking architecture may be considered a conscious endeavour to imagine and investigate the physical and psychological aspects of human experience. Fed by an insatiable urge to understand and explore his environment, Philip Beesley constructs exquisite thresholds that mediate between craft and manufacture, meaning and behaviour, physicality and psychology. His works Orgone Reef and Orpheus Filter invite us to imagine and touch the extraordinary. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Getting Specific
Authors: Ayres Phil 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe Art and Architecture Partnership, known for commissioning public works such as Softroom's Belvedere and James Turrell's Skyspace, has recently awarded its first architectural residency at Kielder to sixteen*(makers). Here, Phil Ayres introduces initial questions for an evolutionary design process that the practice has begun to explore and will execute as a series of interventions on the landscape. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive Architectural Design
Authors: Callicott Nick 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFuelled by their passion for design, manufacturing and industrial production, Nick Callicott and partner Kris Ehlert have boldly stepped away from the London architecture scene and set up shop in new factory premises in Wienerode, Germany. Here Nick, author of Computer Aided Manufacture in Architecture, takes time to position their practice amongst the considerable expertise and knowledge of advanced fabrication techniques with illustrations of recent prototypes made for a future dwelling. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making a Bang
Authors: Sheil Bob , Packman Ron 
Published: January 2006

Abstract‘Design is a performance and a process, a form of seeking, a journey where the caravan expands and contracts.’ Guest‐editor Bob Sheil describes the extraordinary make‐up and approach of the studio of the accomplished maker Thomas Heatherwick. With Ron Packman, he also describes how this translates into physical form in the making of the sculpture The B of Big Bang. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication Research
Authors: Thornton John 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe engineer John Thornton, formerly of Arup, reflects upon a career that has helped shape the architecture of leading design practices such as the Renzo Piano Building Workshop, Hopkins, and Richard Rogers Partnership. Looking back almost a quarter of a century to a time that preceded digital manufacturing techniques, this frank account of design development for components of the Lloyd's Building reconsiders the notion of fabrication research as an embedded aspect of practice and reminds us of its value as a stimulant for creativity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Building the Drawing
Authors: Hill Jonathan 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe understanding and, consequently, the status of the terms architect, drawing and building, alter through context and time. Less recognised are the interdependencies that lie beneath their constituent parts; the drawing and the building, the designer and maker, the material and the immaterial. By reversing typical patterns of exchange, Jonathan Hill disrupts the security of the familiar and the certainty of the stable, and considers how drawing and building are both similar and different. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inside Front Cover: Resorcin[4]arene Cavitand‐Based Molecular Switches (Adv. Funct. Mater. 2/2006)
Authors: Azov V. A. , Beeby A. , Cacciarini M. , Cheetham A. G. , Diederich F. , Frei M. , Gimzewski J. K. , Gramlich V. , Hecht B. , Jaun B. , Latychevskaia T. , Lieb A. , Lill Y. , Marotti F. , Schlegel A. , Schlittler R. R. , Skinner P. J. , Seiler P. , Yamakoshi Y. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractMiniaturized molecular grippers for supramolecular construction are described by François Diederich and co‐workers on p. 147. These grippers are based on resorcin[4]arene cavitands with four quinoxaline bridges; these macrocycles can be switched between a closed (left) and open (right) configuration via temperature changes, pH changes, or stoichiometric metal‐ion complexation. The background is a scanning tunneling microscopy image of a self‐assembled monolayer of the closed cavitands. Individual gripper “fingers” are seen as lighter spots, four per gripper, which in turn pack into a well‐ordered array.Resorcin[4]arene cavitands with four quinoxaline bridges are a family of macrocycles that adopt, at elevated temperature, a contracted, vase‐type conformation, capable of guest inclusion, whereas at low temperature they switch to an expanded, kite‐type conformation with a large flat surface. The present investigations lay the foundation for the use of such dynamic cavitands as miniaturized mechanical grippers for supramolecular construction at the single‐molecule level. New vase–kite switching modes, stimulated by pH changes or stoichiometric metal‐ion complexation, have been discovered and monitored by 1H NMR and optical absorption spectroscopy. The solid‐state geometries of the two states have been revealed by X‐ray crystallography, and the kinetics and thermodynamics of the switching processes in solution as well as their solvent dependency has been investigated in great detail. Monolayers of the cavitand in the vase form have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy at molecular resolution; conformational switching is also observed in Langmuir monolayers at the air/water interface. Synthetic protocols have been developed for preparation of partially and asymmetrically bridged resorcin[4]arene cavitands, which are also shown to undergo conformational switching. These synthetic advances pave the way to new, dynamic molecular receptors for steroids, tetrathiofulvalene‐bridged grippers with the potential to undergo electrochemically induced conformational switching, and systems with greatly extended, rigid cavity walls functionalized at the termini by dipyrrometheneboron difluoride dyes. The latter cavitands are shown by fluorescence resonance energy transfer to undergo geometrically precisely defined motions between a contracted (≈ 7 Å linear extension) and a strongly expanded (≈ 7 nm linear extension) state.
The involvement of ErbB4 with schizophrenia: Association and expression studies
Authors: Silberberg Gilad , Darvasi Ariel , Pinkas‐Kramarski Ronit , Navon Ruth 
Published: January 2006

AbstractNeuregulin 1 (NRG1) has been found to be associated with schizophrenia in several populations. Consistently, mutant mice heterozygous for either NRG1 or its receptor, ErbB4, show a behavioral phenotype that overlaps with mouse models for schizophrenia. These observations raised the hypothesis that impaired NRG1–ErbB4 signaling may contribute to schizophrenia susceptibility. Nineteen SNPs encompassing the ErbB4 gene were selected from the HapMap database and genotyped in genomic DNA isolated from 59 Ashkenazi schizophrenia patients and 130 matched controls. Expression analysis of ErbB4 splice variants was performed on postmortem DLPFC samples obtained from Caucasian patients and controls by real‐time PCR. We found a highly significant difference between patient and control groups in three SNPs from one linkage disequilibrium (LD) block both in allele (P = 0.013, 0.0045, 0.0049) and genotype frequencies (P = 0.00013, 0.000021, 0.00018), as well as a risk haplotype (P = 0.00044). Expression analysis indicated that the CYT‐1 isoform is overexpressed in patients (P = 0.047) and that juxtamembrane (JM)‐a displays a similar trend (P = 0.081). This study provides a direct link between ErbB4 and the disease. We propose that NRG1 and its receptor ErbB4 are components of a biological pathway, involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cellulose derivatives with adamantoyl groups
Authors: Ciolacu Diana , Popa V. I. , Ritter H. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA new synthesis pattern of adamantoyl esters of cellulose (AdTMSC) is described. The process was approached by two steps. The first one consists in the obtaining of trimethylsilylcellulose (TMSC), by reacting cellulose in N,N‐dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMA/LiCl) solution with chlorotrimethylsilane and hexamethyldisilazane. The AdTMSC was synthesized by reacting trimethylsilylcellulose with 1‐adamantanecarbonyl chloride, at 130°C. The obtained compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H and 13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry method, and X‐ray diffraction. From 1H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses, the degree of substitution (DS) of the cellulose derivatives was established. The AdTMSC is soluble in common organic solvent like chloroform, THF, and DMSO. As revealed by 13C NMR spectroscopy, a faster reaction takes place at the O (6)H group from AGU compared with O (2)H or O(3)H groups. Furthermore, other important properties were established by X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetry method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 105–112, 2006
Interferometric measurements of refractive index dispersion in polymers over the visible and near‐infrared spectral range
Authors: Caudill Sarah E. , Tandy Grubbs W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA low‐coherence Michelson interferometric method for characterizing the refractive index and refractive index dispersion over the visible and near‐infrared spectral ranges (350–1700 nm) is described. The method is particularly suited to measurements in optical materials that have flat, parallel surfaces. The accuracy and precision associated with the method are address from a theoretical standpoint and the technique is demonstrated through the collection of dispersion curves for a number of standard optical glasses and three common polymers (polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and polycarbonate). The advantages and disadvantages of this method in comparison to conventional “refractometry” (i.e., the Abbé refractometer) are also addressed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 65–72, 2006
Characterization of soluble microbial products (SMP) derived from glucose and phenol in dual substrate activated sludge bioreactors
Authors: Magbanua Benjamin S. , Bowers Alan R. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractSoluble microbial products (SMP) generated by activated sludge cultures receiving a mixed feed of phenol and glucose were characterized with respect to molecular weight (MW) distribution, octanol‐water partition coefficient (Kow), and Microtox® toxicity. Short‐term batch reactor tests using 14C‐labeled substrates were performed to collect SMP derived from each substrate, while long‐term tests were performed with SMP accumulated over multiple feed cycles using fed‐batch reactors receiving non‐labeled substrates. Yield of SMP in the batch tests, 10%–20% for phenol and 2%–5% for glucose, differed for each substrate and was independent of initial concentration. The MW distribution (MWD) of SMP was independent of feed composition, and was bimodal in the < 1 kDa and 10–100 kDa MW ranges for phenol‐derived SMP and predominantly < 1 kDa for glucose‐derived SMP. In the non‐labeled tests, the fraction of SMP of MW > 100 kDa increased with the proportion of glucose in the feed. The Kow of phenol‐derived SMP was higher compared to glucose‐derived SMP, indicating that the phenol‐derived SMP were more hydrophobic. This was particularly true at an acidic pH, where the Kow was 4.2 ± 1.0 for phenol‐derived SMP versus 0.13 ± 0.13 for glucose‐derived SMP. Toxicity testing indicated that phenol‐derived SMP, exerting a mean Microtox® inhibition of 1%, were less toxic than phenol itself, and showed little correlation between toxicity and concentration. However, glucose‐derived SMP were generally more toxic than glucose itself (a non‐toxic substrate), and the toxicity increased linearly with the concentration of SMP. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Coil reduction of the right ventricular cavity in a boy with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and an aneurysmal coronary sinusoid
Authors: Vanagt Ward Y. , Delhaas Tammo , Maleux Geert , Gewillig Marc 
Published: January 2006

AbstractCoronary sinusoids are often found in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. We report on a 4‐year‐old boy with such pathology in whom, after completion of the Fontan‐circulation, the pulsatile flow through a major sinusoid significantly increased the size of a coronary artery up to aneurysmal dimensions. Because percutaneous closure of the sinusoid was unsuccessful, the right ventricular cavity was partially obliterated with coils. This resulted in a significant decrease of right ventricular stroke volume, regression of the pulsatility and of the coronary size, with good clinical result at 1.5 years of follow‐up. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Revisiting late loss and neointimal volumetric measurements in a drug‐eluting stent trial: Analysis from the SPIRIT FIRST trial
Authors: Tsuchida Keiichi , García‐García Héctor M. , Ong Andrew T.L. , Valgimigli Marco , Aoki Jiro , Rademaker Tessa A.M. , Morel Marie‐Angèle M. , van Es Gerrit‐Anne , Bruining Nico , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThis study was conducted to reevaluate the significance of angiographic late loss and to assess the agreement between new proposed neointimal volumetric measurements derived from quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and standard intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)–based parameters. Neointimal volumetric measurements may better estimate the magnitude of neointimal growth after stenting than late loss. In 56 in‐stent segments (27, everolimus; 29, bare metal) in the SPIRIT FIRST study, we compared QCA measures with the corresponding IVUS parameters. Two IVUS‐late loss models were derived from minimal luminal diameter (MLD) using either a circular model or a so‐called projected MLD. QCA‐neointimal volume was calculated as follows: stent volume (mean area of the stented segment × stent length) at post procedure − lumen volume (mean area of the stented segment × stent length) at follow‐up (the stent length either from nominal stent length or the length measured by QCA). Videodensitometric neointimal volume was also evaluated. Each of the three neointimal volume and percentage volume obstruction by QCA showed significant correlation with the corresponding IVUS parameters (r = 0.557–0.594, P < 0.0001), albeit with a broad range of limits of agreement. Late loss and volumetric measurements by QCA had a broader range of standard deviation than those by IVUS. QCA‐volumetric measurements successfully confirmed the efficacy of everolimus‐eluting stents over bare metal stents (P < 0.05). Our proposed QCA volumetric measurements may be a practical surrogate for IVUS measurements and a discriminant methodological approach for assessment of treatment effects of drug‐eluting stents. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endovascular aortic coarctation stenting in adolescents and adults: Angiographic and hemodynamic outcomes
Authors: Mahadevan Vaikom S. , Vondermuhll Isabelle F. , Mullen Michael J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjectives: To assess the procedural, clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic outcomes, including ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at 1 year in adolescent and adult patients undergoing primary stenting for treatment of aortic coarctation. Background: Stenting is widely used for treatment of aortic coarctation. Data regarding efficacy of this treatment for control of hypertension at 1 year is scant, with only one reported series of planned angiographic follow up. The impact of newer type stents for this procedure is also unknown. Methods: Thirty‐seven patients undergoing stenting for aortic coarctation, over a 3‐year period in a tertiary centre were studied as part of an observational protocol. Results: Peak gradient across the coarctation fell from 28.3 ± 15.1 to 3.7 ± 4.1 post procedure and was 11.9 ± 8.9 mmHg (P < 0.05 compared to baseline) at 1 year. There was one major complication (2.7%), with no deaths. Small aneurysms were seen in three patients (13%) on follow up angiography at 1 year. Right arm systolic blood pressures fell from 155 ± 19 to 132 ± 22 (P < 0.05) at 6 weeks and was 132 ± 16 mmHg (P < 0.05 compared to baseline) at 1 year. Ambulatory average systolic blood pressures fell from 142 ± 14 to 133 ± 15 at 6 weeks (P < 0.05) and to 125 ± 12 mmHg (P < 0.05 compared to baseline) at 1 year. No significant differences were seen in procedural outcomes between patients receiving Palmaz™ and CPNumed™ stents. Conclusion: Primary stenting of aortic coarctation in adolescents and adults results in excellent clinical and angiographic outcomes and sustained hemodynamic benefits at 1 year as evidenced by significant reduction in systolic blood pressure and gradients. Close follow up is required to monitor aneurysm formation. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and nephrotoxicity in patients undergoing coronary artery procedures
Authors: Briguori Carlo , Colombo Antonio , Airoldi Flavio , Melzi Gloria , Michev Iassen , Carlino Mauro , Montorfano Matteo , Chieffo Alaide , Bellanca Raimondo , Ricciardelli Bruno 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective: We tested whether gadolinium‐based contrast agent is less nephrotoxic than iodinated‐contrast media. Background: Iodinated contrast agents are nephrotoxic. Some data suggest that gadolinium‐based contrast agent may be less nephrotoxic than iodinated‐contrast media. Methods: Twenty‐five consecutive patients with chronic renal insufficiency (creatinine concentration ≥2.0 mg/dl and/or clearance ≤40 ml/min), referred to our institution for coronary procedures, were assigned to receive gadolinium‐based contrast agents, a solution of gadolinium chelates diluted 3:1 by iso‐osmolality contrast media (Gadolinium‐based group). A control group of 32 patients with comparable clinical characteristics and treated with iodinated iso‐osmolality contrast agent alone (Iodinated‐based group) was selected from our database and compared with the Gadolinium‐based group. In all cases, prophylactic administration of 0.45% saline intravenously and NAC (1200 mg orally twice daily) was used. Results: Baseline creatinine levels and creatinine clearance were similar in the 2 groups (Gadolinium‐based group = 2.30 [IQR: 2.01–2.68] mg/dl and 33 ± 13 ml/min; Iodinated‐based group = 2.24 [IQR: 2.05–2.65] mg/dl and 30 ± 10 ml/min; P >0.05 for all). Increase of at least 0.5 mg/dl of the creatinine concentration 48 hr after the procedure occurred in 7/25 (28%) patients in the Gadolinium‐based group and in 2/32 (6.5%) patients in the Iodinated‐based group (P = 0.034; OR = 4.48; 95% CI = 1.01–19.17). Renal failure requiring temporary dialysis occurred in 2 (8%) patients in the Gadolinium‐based group and in none in the Iodinated‐based group (P = 0.19). Conclusions: The strategy of gadolinium‐based contrast agent administration does not seem to reduce the rate of CAN, as compared to the iodinated iso‐osmolality contrast agent in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.© 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A case of popliteal stent fracture with pseudoaneurysm formation
Authors: Solis Joaquin , Allaqaband Suhail , Bajwa Tanvir 
Published: January 2006

AbstractWe describe a case of angiographically documented stent fracture and pseudoaneurysm formation in a patient with femoropopliteal disease, which was successfully treated with deployment of an endovascular stent graft. Technical aspects of the procedure are discussed and the experience with stent fractures previously reported in the literature is reviewed. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immediate catheter‐directed reperfusion for acute stroke occurring during diagnostic cardiac catheterization
Authors: Chan Albert W. , Henderson Mark A. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractAcute stroke is a rare but the most dreaded complication of cardiac catheterization. We report a case about the management of an acute stroke that occurred during a diagnostic cardiac catheterization procedure. Immediate catheter‐based intraarterial thrombolysis with adjunctive balloon angioplasty of the left middle cerebral artery was carried out. The patient recovered markedly within the first 2 hr and was discharged without neurological sequelae after 3 days. A clinical pathway for acute stroke management in the catheterization laboratory is discussed.© 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.