bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Änderungen der Bauregellisten A und B und der Liste C – Ausgabe 2005/3 –
Authors: Jasch Erich 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAufgrund von Art. 2 Abs. 2 des Abkommens über das Deutsche Institut für Bautechnik vom 22. April 1993 (Gesetz‐ und Verordnungsblatt für Berlin, S. 195) werden im Einvernehmen mit den obersten Bauaufsichtsbehörden der Länder die Bauregelliste A Teil 1 und Teil 2, die Bauregelliste B Teil 1 und Teil 2 und die Liste C jeweils – Ausgabe 2005/1 – vom 28. Juni 2005 (DIBt Mitteilungen, Sonderheft Nr. 31) und – Ausgabe 2005/2 – vom 23. Dezember 2005 (DIBt Mitteilungen, Heft 6/2005) wie folgt geändert.Gegenüber den Ausgaben 2005/1 und 2005/2 beinhaltet die Ausgabe 2005/3 der Bauregelliste A Teil 1 und Teil 2, der Bauregelliste B Teil 1 und Teil 2 und der Liste C Änderungen und Ergänzungen in den nachfolgend aufgeführten laufenden Nummern:Bauregelliste A Teil 1:Kapitel 1 Bauprodukte für den Beton‐ und Stahlbetonbau: lfd. Nrn. 1.1.3 bis 1.1.5, 1.1.7 und 1.1.8Kapitel 5 Dämmstoffe für den Wärme‐ und Schallschutz: lfd. Nr. 5.18Kapitel 6 Türen und Tore: lfd. Nrn. 6.20.1 bis 6.20.3Anlagen: lfd. Nrn. 1.16 bis 1.18, 1.33, 6.3 und 6.5Bauregelliste A Teil 2:Kapitel 2 lfd. Nr. 2.10.3Bauregelliste B Teil 1 :VorbemerkungenKapitel 1 Bauprodukte im Geltungsbereich harmonisierter Normen nach der Bauproduktenrichtlinie: lfd. Nrn. 1.1.1.1 bis 1.1.1.3, 1.1.2.1, 1.1.2.2, 1.1.3.1, 1.1.3.2, 1.1.5.1, 1.2.1.5, 1.2.2.2, 1.2.2.3, 1.3.2.1, 1.5.1, 1.5.11 bis 1.5.14, 1.6.1 bis 1.6.3, 1.6.7, 1.7.1, 1.8.1 bis 1.8.3, 1.9.1, 1.9.2, 1.10.1 bis 1.10.3, 1.12.1 bis 1.12.6, 1.12.8 bis 1.12.14, 1.13.1 bis 1.13.3, 1.14.2, 1.14.3, 1.14.7, 1.15.1 bis 1.15.6 und 1.18.1Kapitel 2 Bauprodukte im Geltungsbereich von Leitlinien für europäische technische Zulassungen: lfd. Nrn. 2.1 bis 2.6Kapitel 3 Bausätze im Geltungsbereich von Leitlinien für europäische technische Zulassungen: lfd. Nrn. 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.7, 3.8, 3.11 und 3.12Kapitel 4 Bauprodukte, für die eine europäische technische Zulassung ohne Leitlinie erteilt worden ist: lfd. Nrn. 4.2, 4.5, 4.6, 4.9 und 4.10Kapitel 5 Bausätze, für die eine europäische technische Zulassung ohne Leitlinie erteilt worden ist: lfd. Nr. 5.1Anlagen: lfd. Nrn. 1/1.1 bis 1/1.4, 1/2.1, 1/3.1, 1/5.1, 1/6.1, 1/8.1, 1./12.1 bis 1/12.6, 1/13.1 und 1/13.2, 1/14.1, 1/18.1 und 4/1 bis 4/4Bauregelliste B Teil 2:Kapitel 1 Technische Gebäudeausrüstung: lfd. Nrn. 1.1.2 nd 1.1.5Liste C:Kapitel 2 Bauprodukte für den Ausbau: lfd. Nr. 2.3Diese Änderungen treten am 5. April 2006 in Kraft. Mit ihrem In‐Kraft‐Treten treten die entsprechenden Nummern der Bauregelliste A Teil 1 und Teil 2, der Bauregelliste B Teil 1 und Teil 2 und der Liste C jeweils – Ausgabe 2005/1 – und – Ausgabe 2005/2 – außer Kraft.
Synthesis, Characterization, and NO Release Study of thecis‐ andtrans‐[Ru(Bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]+Complexes
Authors: Silva Francisco O. N. , Araújo Sérgio X. B. , Holanda Alda K. M. , Meyer Emerson , Sales Francisco A. M. , Diógenes Izaura C. N. , Carvalho Idalina M. M. , Moreira Ícaro S. , Lopes Luiz G. F. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAiming at the development of novel NO donors, the synthesis and reactivity of thetrans‐[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)](PF6) andcis‐[Ru(bpy)2(L)(NO)](PF6)ncomplexes (L = imidazole, isonicotinamide, or sulfite ions) were investigated. The complexes were characterized and the NO release capabilities were evaluated. The rate constant for NO dissociation for thecis‐[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]+complex isk= 2.0·10–3s–1. Thecisandtrans‐ [Ru(bpy)2(SO3)(NO)]+complexes showed promising physical‐chemical properties towards nitric oxide generation, and great stability towards hydroxide attack in the 2.0–9.0 pH range. The reduction potential of the {RuNO}6/7process of thecisandtrans‐[Ru(bpy)2(SO3)NO]+complexes (E1/2=–0.14 and –0.34 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is appropriated for reduction in vivo by biological reducing agents, with consequent NO release. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis of Pentasaccharide Fragments Related to the O‐Specific Polysaccharide of Shigella flexneri Serotype 1a
Authors: Lemanski Gregor , Ziegler Thomas 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe synthesis of the pentasaccharide 5‐aminopentylglycosides α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐[α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→4)]‐β‐D‐GlcpNAc‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐1‐O‐(CH2)5NH2 (29) andα‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐[α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→4)]‐β‐D‐GlcpNAc‐(1→2)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐1‐O‐(CH2)5NH2 (28), related to the O‐specific polysaccharide of Shigella flexneri serotype 1a by coupling of the suitably protected trisaccharides α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐Glcp(1→2)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐1‐O‐(CH2)5NH2 (23) and α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐[α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→4)]‐β‐D‐Glcp‐1‐SPh (26) with the corresponding rhamnosyl glycosides α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐1‐SEt (17) and α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→3)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐1‐O‐(CH2)5NH2 (13), is described. Building blocks 23 and 26 were prepared by intramolecular glycosylation of an unsymmetrically tethered cellobiosamine derivative. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Spatial and temporal variations in bank erosion on sand‐bed streams in the seasonally wet tropics of northern Australia
Authors: Saynor M. J. , Erskine Wayne D. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractBank erosion rates and processes across a range of spatial scales are poorly understood in most environments, especially in the seasonally wet tropics of northern Australia where sediment yields are among global minima. A total of 177 erosion pins was installed at 45 sites on four sand‐bed streams (Tributaries North and Central, East Tributary and Ngarradj) in the Ngarradj catchment in the Alligator Rivers Region. Bank erosion was measured for up to 3·5 years (start of 1998/99 wet season to end of 2001/02 wet season) at three spatial scales, namely a discontinuous gully (0·6 km2) that was initiated by erosion of a grass swale between 1975 and 1981, a small continuous channel (2·5 km2) on an alluvial fan that was formed by incision of a formerly discontinuous channel between 1964 and 1978, and three medium‐sized, continuous channels (8·5–43·6 km2) with riparian vegetation. The bank erosion measurements during a period of average to above‐average rainfall established that substantial bank erosion occurred during the wet season on the two smaller channels by rapid lateral migration (Tributary Central) and by erosion of gully sidewalls due to a combination of within‐gully flows and overland flow plunging over the sidewalls (Tributary North). Minor bank erosion also occurred during the dry season by faunal activity, by desiccation and loss of cohesion of the sandy bank sediments and by dry flow processes. The larger channels with riparian vegetation (East Tributary and Ngarradj) did not generate significant amounts of sediment by bank erosion. Deposition (i.e. negative pin values) was locally significant at all scales. Bank profile form and channel planform exert a strong control on erosion rates during the wet season but not during the dry season. Copyright © 2006 Commonwealth Government of Australia.
Inference for magnitudes and delays of responses in the FIAC data using BRAINSTAT/FMRISTAT
Authors: Taylor J.E. , Worsley K.J. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWe used straightforward linear mixed effects models as described in Worsley et al. together with recent advances in smoothing to control the degrees of freedom, and random field theory based on discrete local maxima. This has been implemented in BRAINSTAT, a Python version of FMRISTAT. Our main novelty is voxel‐wise inference for both magnitude and delay (latency) of the hemodynamic response. Our analysis appears to be more sensitive than that of Dehaene‐Lambertz et al. Our main findings are greater magnitude (1.08% ± 0.17%) and delay (0.153 ± 0.035 s) for different sentences compared to same sentences, together with a smaller but still significantly greater magnitude for different speaker compared to same speaker (0.47% ± 0.08%). Hum Brain Mapp, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Water resources in Italy: availability and agricultural uses
Authors: Scarascia M. E. Venezian , Battista F. Di , Salvati L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractInformation on quantity and quality of fresh water and is availability is essential for sustainable development, economic growth and social stability.The International Programme for Technology and Research in Irrigation and Drainage (IPTRID) and the Italian National Committee of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) combined their efforts to publish a document on water resources in Italy with special attention devoted to the state of agricultural water management.The aim of this paper is to give a quantitative overview on available water resources in the Italian countryside, taking into account the existing differences between the many Italian regions.The report focuses on renewable water resources, defined as that part of water resources generated from precipitation and computed on the basis of the water balance.Thank to the collaborations between ICID‐Italy and the Central Office of Agro‐Ecology (UCEA), for the period 1971–2000, we were able to analyse the annual values of rainfall and reference evapotranspiration related to 544 points of a grid which covers the whole country.The grid comes from a geostatistical computation, the so‐called kriging interpolation, based on data observed at weather stations belonging to the SIAN network.Data processing, supported by GIS software, is aimed at the computation of the effective infiltration that gives us a reliable assessment of the amount of renewable water resources.On the one hand the results confirm the global amount of water resources previously computed in other projects, but on the other they highlight the differences between the many parts of our country and they point out that a good assessment of water resources needs an awareness and a knowledge of the differences in reality which are typical features of our country. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of tillage on water advance and distribution under surge and continuous furrows irrigation methods for cotton in Egypt
Authors: Ismail Saleh Mahmoud 
Published: March 2006

AbstractA field experiment was carried out to assess the effect of tillage on water advance and water distribution in the root zone area (0.5 m) under continuous and surge flow irrigation in a cotton field. The experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Experimental Station, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. The location was classified as clay soil. The furrows with blocked ends were 76 cm long and 0.70 m wide with 0.0024 m m−1 of slope. To monitor the advance time, six points were established along the furrows at 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 and 76 m from the inlet. In order to study the water distribution along the furrows, soil moisture content was measured using the gravimetric method at 0–0.25 and 0.25–0.50 m depths at the beginning, middle and end of the furrows. A hand hoeing tillage system (HH) was compared with a weed control tillage system (WC) under continuous flow (CF) and surge flow irrigation (SF).Hand hoeing tillage decreased the water advance time compared to weed control tillage either under continuous or surge flow irrigation. Surge flow also decreased the advance time compared to continuous flow. The greatest effect on the advance time reduction resulted from the combined effect of surge flow with tillage (SFHH), which reduced the total supplied water by 22.4 and 25.7% during the first and second irrigation, respectively. The single effect of either tillage (CFHH) or surging (SFWC) also reduced the total amount of supplied water compared to continuous flow with weed control tillage (CFWC), but the reduction was less than that in the combined treatments. Due to tillage and surge effects, soil water was efficiently used and distributed uniformly along the furrow length. Combining surge irrigation and tillage could be an efficient method to use irrigation water efficiently and ensure uniform distribution of soil water. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal irrigation reservoir operation and simultaneous multi‐crop cultivation area selection using simulated annealing
Authors: Georgiou P. E. , Papamichail D. M. , Vougioukas S. G. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractIn this paper, a nonlinear discrete‐time dynamic model is developed to describe the operation of a single‐purpose reservoir during the irrigation season. The impact on crop yield due to water deficit and the effect of soil moisture dynamics on crop water requirements are taken into account by an integrated soil water balance model. The objective function of the model maximizes the total farm income, which is based on crop‐water production functions, production cost and crop prices. The constraints include the state equation of the reservoir, reservoir storage, irrigation requirements of a crop and reservoir release, yield and cultivation area. The decision variables are the optimal allocation of cultivation areas for any number of irrigated crops and the optimal irrigation schedule, which specifies the amount of irrigation to be applied to each crop during its irrigation season. The optimization is performed in two stages. During the first stage the simulated annealing (SA) global optimization stochastic search algorithm is used. In the course of the second stage the solution reached by the SA is refined by a stochastic gradient descent algorithm. The optimization computes the optimal distribution of areas and crops, the water releases to satisfy irrigation requirements and the total farm income. The model can be used as a decision support tool for cropping patterns of an irrigated area and irrigation scheduling. The outputs of this model were compared with the results obtained from a simple model in which the only decision variables are the optimal allocation of cultivation areas. The model was applied on data from a planned reservoir on the Havrias river in northern Greece. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiac tissue engineering: effects of bioreactor flow environment on tissue constructs
Authors: Vunjak‐Novakovic Gordana , Radisic Milica , Obradovic Bojana 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe limited ability of cardiac muscle to regenerate after injury and the small number of organs available for transplantation motivate studies aimed at curative treatment options. Tissue engineering based on the integrated use of cells on biomaterial scaffolds in bioreactors may offer cardiac grafts suitable for surgical attachment to the myocardium or for basic research. In one of the current approaches, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes are combined with collagen sponges, gels or polyglycolic acid scaffolds (PGA). Cultivations performed in dishes, static or mixed flasks or rotating bioreactors yield constructs with a thin (100–200 µm) peripheral layer of tissue expressing markers of cardiac differentiation and able to propagate electrical signals. The non‐uniform cell distribution is a result of oxygen diffusional limitations within the constructs. Cultivations with perfusion of culture medium through the construct enhance the convective‐diffusive oxygen supply and yield 1–2 mm thick constructs with physiologically high and spatially uniform distribution of viable cells expressing cardiac markers. We review here a series of studies we conducted using cells seeded on three‐dimensional scaffolds and cultured in several different bioreactors, to demonstrate that the bioreactor flow environment can have substantial effects on structural and functional properties of cardiac constructs. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
A fast and highly automated approach to myocardial motion analysis using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bergvall Erik , Cain Peter , Arheden Håkan , Sparr Gunnar 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPurposeTo develop a fast and highly automated method for calculating two‐dimensional myocardial motion and deformation using velocity encoded magnetic resonance imaging.Materials and MethodsTwo‐dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging was used to acquire time resolved velocity maps of the myocardium. Cardiac motion was calculated by an iterative integration–regularization scheme of low computational cost. Image segmentation was performed using active appearance models.ResultsValidation of motion tracking was performed inN= 47 subjects using saturation grid‐tagging and closely followed “tag‐lines.” Image segmentation was validated vs. manual delineation.ConclusionThe speed and limited user interaction gives the method good potential for use in clinical practice. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combination of free‐breathing and breathhold steady‐state free precession magnetic resonance angiography for detection of coronary artery stenoses
Authors: Dewey Marc , Teige Florian , Schnapauff Dirk , Laule Michael , Borges Adrian C. , Rutsch Wolfgang , Hamm Bernd , Taupitz Matthias 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the incremental diagnostic value of a combination of two approaches (free‐breathing and breathhold) vs. the sole free‐breathing approach to coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) for detection of significant stenoses.Materials and MethodsThirty patients were consecutively included in this prospective trial. CMRA was performed on a 1.5‐T MR scanner (Magnetom Sonata, Siemens) using a balanced steady‐state free precession (SSFP) sequence during free‐breathing (2.4 × 0.9 × 0.7 mm3). Breathholding acquisitions (3.0 × 1.5 × 0.7 mm3) were only performed in cases in which the quality of free‐breathing CMRA precluded assessment. Patients with contraindications to CMRA, claustrophobia, or nonassessable images were not excluded from the assessment of diagnostic accuracy (intention‐to‐diagnose design).ResultsIn 60% of all free‐breathing coronary acquisitions the image quality was adequate for diagnostic assessment. For the remaining 40% of the cases, breathhold acquisitions were obtained. The sensitivity, specificity, nonassessable rate, and accuracy in identifying main coronary branches with significant stenoses using the combination of both breathing approaches and the free‐breathing approach alone were 65% vs. 32%, 73% vs. 53%, 24% vs. 52%, and 71% vs. 46%, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionIn this consecutive cohort of patients, the combination of free‐breathing and breathhold CMRA significantly improved diagnostic accuracy. Nevertheless, even this combination did not reach accuracies sufficient for routine clinical application. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gradient‐ and spin‐echo T2‐weighted imaging for SPIO‐enhanced detection and characterization of focal liver lesions
Authors: Yoshikawa Takeshi , Mitchell Donald G. , Hirota Shozo , Ohno Yoshiharu , Oda Kazushige , Maeda Takaki , Fujii Masahiko , Sugimura Kazuro 
Published: March 2006

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)‐enhanced breathhold T2‐weighted GRASE imaging in detection and characterization of focal liver lesions.Materials and MethodsIn 30 patients (including 20 with cirrhosis) with 39 malignant and 25 benign lesions, gradient‐ and spin‐echo (GRASE) images with two echo times (75 and 90 msec; GRASE75 and GRASE90) were obtained prior to and following administration of SPIO, and compared with respiratory‐triggered and breathhold fast spin‐echo (RT‐FSE and BH‐FSE) images. Two readers evaluated image quality and reviewed 240 liver segments for sensitivity and specificity. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and its reduction in liver and spleen after administration of SPIO, and lesion‐to‐liver contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) were measured.ResultsCompared with RT‐FSE and BH‐FSE, GRASE reduced scan time by 77% to 82% and 21% to 27%, respectively. The image qualities with BH‐FSE and GRASE75 were higher than with BH‐FSE and GRASE90. BH‐FSE showed higher specificity than RT‐FSE and GRASE90, but otherwise there were no significant differences between pulse sequences for sensitivity or specificity. The mean SNR and CNR of the lesions with RT‐FSE were significantly higher than with the other methods. SPIO‐induced signal reduction of liver SNR was smallest with BH‐FSE.ConclusionGRASE is faster and more sensitive to SPIO than FSE, but its sensitivity and specificity were slightly inferior to those of BH‐FSE. Image quality is a current limitation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temporal responses in the disruption of iron regulation by manganese
Authors: Kwik‐Uribe Catherine , Smith Donald R. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractManganese (Mn) is an essential trace element, though at elevated exposures it is also a neurotoxicant. Several mechanisms underlying manganese toxicity have been investigated, although a consistent mechanism(s) of action at low exposures has not been fully elucidated. Here we systematically evaluated the effects of in vitro manganese exposure on intracellular iron (Fe) homeostasis and iron‐regulatory protein (IRP) binding activity in undifferentiated PC12 cells over a range of manganese exposure concentrations (1, 10, 50, and 200 μM MnCl2) and exposure durations (12, 24, 36, and 48 hr), to test the hypothesis that moderately elevated manganese exposure disrupts cellular iron regulation. Results demonstrate that manganese exposure produces a rapid and sustained dose‐dependent dysregulation of cellular iron metabolism, with effects occurring as early as 12 hr exposure and at manganese doses as low as 1 μM. Manganese exposure altered the dynamics of IRP‐1 binding and the intracellular abundance of IRP‐2, and altered the cellular abundance of transferrin receptor, ferritin, and mitochondrial aconitase protein levels. Cellular levels of labile iron were significantly increased with manganese exposure, although total cellular iron levels were not. The overall pattern of effects shows that manganese produced an inappropriate cellular response akin to iron deficiency, to which the cells were able to mount a compensatory response. Consistent with our previous studies, these data indicate that even low to moderate exposures to Manganese in vitro significantly disrupt cellular iron metabolism, which may be an important contributory mechanism of manganese neurotoxicity. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of relationships in understanding telecommuter satisfaction
Authors: Golden Timothy D. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractRelationships are fundamental to organizational functioning, yet as telecommuting and other forms of virtual work become increasingly popular, research has not yet focused on how the virtual context might alter relationships so as to impact important work outcomes. This study therefore examines the role relationships play in mediating the link between the extent of telecommuting and job satisfaction. In doing so three fundamental types of relationships maintained by employees are investigated—those with managers, coworkers, and family. Regression analysis of field data from 294 telecommuting employees in a large telecommunications company revealed the anticipated inverted U‐shaped relationship, mediated by leader‐member exchange quality, team‐member exchange quality, and work‐family conflict. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychological capital development: toward a micro‐intervention
Authors: Luthans Fred , Avey James B. , Avolio Bruce J. , Norman Steven M. , Combs Gwendolyn M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractAfter first providing the meaning of psychological capital (PsyCap), we present a micro‐intervention to develop it. Drawn from hope, optimism, efficacy, and resiliency development, this PsyCap Intervention (PCI) is shown to have preliminary support for not only increasing participants' PsyCap, but also financial impact and high return on investment. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.