bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caste Inequality in Occupational Exposure to Heat Waves in India
Authors: Shah Arpit , Thapliyal Sneha , Sugathan Anish , Mishra Vimal , Malghan Deepak 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
India is a leading global hot spot for extreme heat waves induced by climate change. The social demography of India is centered on its caste hierarchy rooted in endogamous occupational groups. We investigate the association between caste and climate inequality by studying occupational exposure during the 2019 and 2022 heat waves. We combine high spatiotemporal resolution heat stress information from satellite imagery with a large nationally and regionally representative labor force survey with rich socioeconomic and demographic information (n &gt; 100,000 individuals). The slope of the heat stress dose–workhours curve corresponding to the marginalized caste groups is between 25% and 150% steeper than that for dominant caste groups for UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) thresholds between 26°C and 35°C. Our models control for other economic-demographic confounders, including age, gender, education, and economic status, besides political-geographic controls and fixed effects. Our robust evidence for the association between caste identity and exposure to heat stress shows why adaptation and mitigation plans in India must account for the hierarchical social order characterized by the “division of laborers” along caste lines rather than the mere division of labor. Methodologically, our analysis demonstrates the utility of pairing satellite imagery and detailed demographic data.
Efecto y potencia de los psicodélicos a nivel psicofarmacológico, psicológico y neurobiológico
Authors: Castaño Guillermo , Iguarán Sebastián , Murillo Leandro , Espinosa Duque Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Los psicodélicos son psicoactivos que alteran la percepción, el estado de ánimo y la cognición. Desde de los 50s se ha estudiado su relación molecular con el sistema serotoninérgico, lo que se ha evidenciado a través de la neuroimagen. El objetivo de esta revisión es realizar una evaluación de los efectos y la potencia de los psicodélicos en diferentes dimensiones (molecular, subjetiva, física y neurobiológica). Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión de artículos (PRISMA-ScR) publicados entre 1960 - 2022, buscando en PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO y EMBASE en inglés y español. En los resultados se da cuenta de los desafíos a los que se enfrenta la investigación interdisciplinar de la acción de estas sustancias en lo molecular (la psicofarmacología), lo estructural (la neurobiología) y en lo subjetivo (lo psicológico) y más que dar respuestas específicas, proporciona una visión panorámica del fenómeno estudiado: sus hallazgos históricos, los nuevos conocimientos mediados por la tecnología actual, la comparación sintética de los efectos subjetivos, una breve descripción de las hipótesis neurobiológicas actuales e identifica los vacíos de conocimiento sobre el tema.
Diagnosis of cardiac papillary fibroelastoma presenting with acute coronary syndrome and concomitant Salmonella bacteraemia, mimicking aortic endocarditis
Authors: De Masi De Luca Gabriele , Nicolardi Salvatore , Albanese Miriam , Colopi Marzia , Zezza Luigi , Guido Alessandro , Sciarra Luigi 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: A case of fibroelastoma of the aortic valve in a patient with acute coronary syndrome has been reported. Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas (PFE) are rare cardiac tumours that are generally benign. In most cases they are incidental findings, their first clinical manifestation is often associated with embolic events. Case presentation: We present the case of a 63-year-old man who experienced coronary embolization without any indications of underlying coronary artery disease. Further investigation led to the identification of the cause of embolization. The concomitant presence of Salmonella bacteraemia, associated with symptoms of gastrointestinal inflammation and elevated inflammation indices, led to the hypothesis of valvular endocarditis. Therefore, a transoesophageal echocardiogram was performed, which confirmed the presence of a mobile, well-demarcated, echo-dense mass identified on the left coronary cusp. Despite the diagnostic uncertainty between fibroelastoma and endocarditic formation, the occurrence of the embolic event and the marked hypermobility we decided that prompt intervention was required. Surgical cleavage of the valve formation was performed, revealing macroscopic morphological characteristics consistent with, PFE which was confirmed by the histological finding. Conclusions: This case highlight the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach, including transoesophageal echocardiography, in patients with embolic events with no obvious evidence of an embolic causes.
Advanced clinical practitioners' untapped potential to become managers
Authors: Addison Elizabeth , Scott Vikki-Jo 
Published: February 2025

Background: Leadership and management is one of the four pillars of advanced practice, which implies that advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) would be well positioned to take on these roles. Aim: This study aimed to explore whether ACPs' management responsibilities would support their transition into a clinical management role. Method: This mixed-method narrative literature review uses reflective thematic analysis and a deductive approach to generate themes based on the six critical tasks of a manager mapped to the four pillars of advanced clinical practice. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess research quality. Findings: Eleven articles of varying quality were identified. Research suggests that, although ACPs can demonstrate they already have the skills to fulfil management roles, there is limited evidence that they take on these positions. Conclusion: ACPs have the clinical background and training to transition into management roles more easily than staff without these prerequisites. Nevertheless, there remains insufficient evidence that this is happening in practice. By promoting and encouraging this role transition, ACPs could use their breadth of skills to become future managers.
Assessing the ecological resilience of Ebola virus in Africa and potential influencing factors based on a synthesized model
Authors: Shen Li , Song Jiawei , Zhou Yibo , Yuan Xiaojie , Seery Samuel , Fu Ting , Liu Xihao , Liu Yihong , Shao Zhongjun , Li Rui , Liu Kun 
Published: February 2025

Background
The Ebola epidemic has persisted in Africa since it was firstly identified in 1976. However, few studies have focused on spatiotemporally assessing the ecological adaptability of this virus and the influence of multiple factors on outbreaks. This study quantitatively explores the ecological adaptability of Ebola virus and its response to different potential natural and anthropogenic factors from a spatiotemporal perspective.

Methodology
Based on historical Ebola cases and relevant environmental factors collected from 2014 to 2022 in Africa, the spatiotemporal distribution of Ebola adaptability is characterized by integrating four distinct ecological models into one synthesized spatiotemporal framework. Maxent and Generalized Additive Models were applied to further reveal the potential responses of the Ebola virus niche to its ever-changing environments.

Findings
Ebola habitats appear to aggregate across the sub-Saharan region and in north Zambia and Angola, covering approximately 16% of the African continent. Countries presently unaffected by Ebola but at increasing risk include Ethiopia, Tanzania, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Cameroon, and Rwanda. In addition, among the thirteen key influencing factors, temperature seasonality and population density were identified as significantly influencing the ecological adaptability of Ebola. Specifically, those regions were prone to minimal seasonal variations in temperature. Both the potential anthropogenic influence and vegetation coverage demonstrate a rise-to-decline impact on the outbreaks of Ebola virus across Africa.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest new ways to effectively respond to potential Ebola outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa. We believe that this integrated modeling approach and response analysis provide a framework that can be extended to predict risk of other worldwide diseases from a similar epidemic study perspective.
The effect of SGLT2 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Cho Yongin , Shin Sung-Hee , Park Min-Ae , Suh Young Ju , Park Sojeong , Jang Ji-Hun , Kim Dae-Young , Kim So Hun 
Published: February 2025

Background
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in several populations including type 2 diabetes (T2D), chronic renal insufficiency, and heart failure (HF). However, limited data exist on their effects on atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service database. A total of 4,771 patients with T2D and AF who were newly prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors or DPP4 inhibitors were selected and matched in a 1:2 ratio by propensity score with 37 confounding variables. We assessed the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on the composite outcome of either HF hospitalization or death.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 31 months, patients on SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of hospitalizations for HF or mortality compared to those on DPP4 inhibitors (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.44–0.85; P = 0.004). SGLT2 inhibitor use was also associated with a lower risk of mortality (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.39–0.94; P = 0.025) and CV mortality (HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.21–0.86; P = 0.018), but not of MI (HR 1.22 [95% CI 0.72–2.09]; P = 0.461) or stroke (HR 1.00 [95% CI 0.75–1.33]; P = 0.980). The incidence of hospitalizations for HF, although statistically insignificant, tended to be lower in the SGLT2 inhibitor group (HR 0.63 [95% CI 0.39–1.02]; P = 0.062).

Conclusion
In a nationwide cohort of patients with T2D and AF, SGLT2 inhibitor was associated with a lower risk of mortality, which may suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors may be considered as the first-line antidiabetic medication in patients with T2D and AF.
The association between maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohammadian Mahdi , Khachatryan Lusine G. , Vadiyan Filipp V. , Maleki Mostafa , Fatahian Fatemeh , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy is a significant public health concern with potential long-lasting effects on child development. ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, may be influenced by prenatal nicotine exposure. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the association between maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and the risk of ADHD in offspring.

Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), ERIC, CNKI, HTA Database, Dialnet, EBSCO, LENS, and Google Scholar for studies up to November 1, 2024. We included peer-reviewed studies reporting quantitative effect size estimates for the association between maternal tobacco smoking and ADHD. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Results
We identified 2,981 articles and included 55 studies (4,016,522 participants) in the analysis. The meta-analysis showed a significant association between maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and increased risk of ADHD in offspring (pooled Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.55-1.88; P < 0.001). Egger’s test indicated no publication bias (p = 0.204), but Begg’s test did (p = 0.042). By employing the trim and fill method, the revised OR was estimated to be 1.54 (95% CI: 1.40–1.70; P < 0.001). The OR were 2.37 (95% CI: 1.72–3.28; P < 0.001) in cross-sectional studies, 1.72 (95% CI: 1.49–2.00; P < 0.001) in case-control studies, and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.34–1.74; P < 0.001) in cohort studies. Meta-regression showed study design and study region significantly influenced heterogeneity (P < 0.10). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.

Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate a significant association between maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy and increased odds of ADHD in offspring. These findings highlight the need for prenatal care guidelines and tobacco smoking cessation programs for pregnant women to reduce ADHD risk and promote optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Future research should explore underlying mechanisms and potential confounders further.
Analyzing and forecasting under-5 mortality trends in Bangladesh using machine learning techniques
Authors: Naznin Shayla , Uddin Md Jamal , Ahmad Ishmam , Kabir Ahmad 
Published: February 2025

Background
Under-5 mortality remains a critical social indicator of a country’s development and economic sustainability, particularly in developing nations like Bangladesh. This study employs machine learning models, including Linear Regression, Ridge Regression, Lasso Regression, Bayesian Ridge, Decision Tree, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, and CatBoost, to forecast future trends in under-5 mortality. By leveraging these models, the study aims to provide actionable insights for policymakers and health professionals to address persistent challenges.

Methods
Data from the 1993–94 to 2017–18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) was analyzed using advanced machine learning algorithms. Key metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), R-squared, and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), were employed to evaluate model performance. Additionally, k-fold cross-validation was conducted to ensure robust model evaluation.

Results
This study confirms a significant decline in under-5 mortality in Bangladesh over the study period, with machine learning models providing accurate predictions of future trends. Among the models, Linear Regression emerged as the most accurate, achieving the lowest MAE (4.05), RMSE (4.56), and MAPE (6.64%), along with the highest R-squared value (0.98). Projections indicate further reductions in under-5 mortality to 29.87 per 1,000 live births by 2030 and 26.21 by 2035.

Conclusions
From 1994 to 2018, under-5 mortality in Bangladesh decreased by 76.72%. While the Linear Regression model demonstrated exceptional accuracy in forecasting trends, long-term predictions should be interpreted cautiously due to inherent uncertainties in socio-economic conditions. The forecasted rates fall short of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of 25 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030, underscoring the need for intensified interventions in healthcare access and maternal health to achieve this target.
Efficacy and safety of antifibrotic drugs for interstitial lung diseases other than IPF: A systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Yang Mei , Tan Yuying , Yang Ting , Xu Dan , Chen Mei , Chen Lei 
Published: February 2025

Background
The therapeutic role of antifibrotic therapy has been well-established in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, its efficacy and safety for interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) other than IPF are not fully understood.

Methods
We updated a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) of randomized controlled trials and prospective studies on antifibrotic drug (nintedanib or pirfenidone) vs other intervention (placebo, no intervention or conventional treatment) in non-IPF ILDs. The primary outcomes were absolute change in forced vital capacity (FVC), all-cause mortality and serious adverse events (SAEs). The risk of bias was rated with the RoB2 tool and certainty of evidence was assessed by the GRADE approach.

Results
17 studies with 1908 patients were included. For the primary outcomes, pooled analyses of four trials with low risk of bias showed that antifibrotic drugs significantly ameliorated FVC decline (mean difference 86.21; 95% CI 49.38 to 123.03; I2 = 64%; TSA-adjusted CI 40.86 to 131.56). Based on five trials with low risk of bias, no difference was observed in all-cause mortality (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.53 to 1.43; I2 = 0%; TSA-adjusted CI 0.12 to 6.53) and SAEs (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.13; I2 = 0%; TSA-adjusted CI 0.74 to 1.28) between groups. However, based on two studies with 324 patients, benefit of antifibrotic drugs in FVC was not shown in the subgroup taking mycophenolate (mean difference 17.08; 95% CI -56.22 to 90.37), which also had higher risk of SAEs (RR 1.71; 95% CI 1.09 to 2.70), although both were contested by TSA.

Conclusion
Our study suggests that antifibrotic drugs are beneficial for patients with non-IPF ILDs in slowing disease progression, whereas may not correlate to all-cause mortality and SAEs. However, for patients taking mycophenolate, antifibrotic drugs may do more harm than good. More investigations are warranted to validate current findings.
Cytarabine-Induced Hyperbilirubinemia in a Pregnant Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Rajan Anjana , Ahmed Abdelwahab , Dehghan Yalda , Hsieh Ji-Cheng , Moore Christopher 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This case study presents the first reported instance of cytarabine-induced hyperbilirubinemia in a pregnant patient undergoing treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Despite experiencing direct hyperbilirubinemia during induction therapy, the patient exhibited no other signs of liver dysfunction. Lowering the cytarabine dose in subsequent cycles resulted in milder bilirubin elevations without compromising treatment efficacy. The patient gave birth to a healthy baby at term between cycles, underscoring the benign nature of this effect on both maternal and fetal health. This case contributes valuable insight into the management and outcomes of cytarabine-induced hyperbilirubinemia in a rare population: pregnant patients with acute myeloid leukemia.
Normalized solutions to a class of (2, q)-Laplacian equations
Authors: Baldelli Laura , Yang Tao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the existence of normalized solutions to a class of (2, q)-Laplacian equations in all the possible cases with respect to the mass critical exponents 2(1 + 2/N), q(1 + 2/N). In the mass subcritical cases, we study a global minimization problem and obtain a ground state solution. While in the mass critical cases, we prove several nonexistence results. At last, we derive a ground state and infinitely many radial solutions in the mass supercritical case. Compared with the classical Schrödinger equation, the (2, q)-Laplacian equation possesses a quasi-linear term, which brings in some new difficulties and requires a more subtle analysis technique. Moreover, the vector field

a

⃗

(

ξ

)

=
|
ξ

|

q
−
2

ξ

$ \overrightarrow {a}\left(\xi \right)=\vert \xi {\vert }^{q-2}\xi $

corresponding to the q-Laplacian is not strictly monotone when q < 2, so we shall consider separately the case q < 2 and the case q > 2.
Recurrent neural network based modelling and temperature control of a bioreactor for ethanol production
Authors: Panneerselvam Sathiya , Pathakamuri Venkatesh , Radhakrishnan Thota K , Ponnusamy Kalaichelvi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A bioreactor is a complex, nonlinear, and time-varying system that requires accurate mathematical models and superior control performance. Controlling the temperature has an enormous impact on the overall performance and efficiency of ethanol production. Data-driven modelling and deep learning techniques like recurrent neural networks capture temporal characteristics. Hence, in this study, a gated recurrent unit (GRU), a type of RNN is designed for the control of temperature in the bioreactor system based on a model-based control framework. The generated input-output data from the first principles model of the bioreactor is provided for the training of GRU network model. The GRU model is tuned by adjusting hyperparameters such as number of hidden layers, hidden units, and epochs for the minimization of the prediction error. Similarly, another GRU network is trained for use as a controller. To track the test setpoints and reject disturbances with minimum error, the controller network architecture is tuned. This procedure is repeated and compared with another popular RNN known as long short-term memory (LSTM) network as well as with bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi–LSTM) network also. Bi–LSTM based model shows the minimum root mean squared error (RMSE) i.e., 0.0076 whereas LSTM and GRU models shows 0.0085 and 0.0077 respectively. The servo and regulatory response of these network controllers are evaluated in terms of a standard performance measure such as integral squared error (ISE). The servo and regulatory response of these network controllers are evaluated in terms of a standard performance measure viz., integral squared error (ISE). In the servo control, the GRU based controller provides less ISE i.e., 37.02 whereas in LSTM, Bi–LSTM and IMC–PI based controller provides 39.66, 51.10 and 50.43 respectively. Similarly, in the case of regulatory response, the GRU based controller rejects the disturbance i.e., input flow rate effectively.
Transcription factor A, mitochondrial promotes lymph node metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Wubuli Reziwanguli , Niyazi Mayinuer , Han Lili , Aierken Mayinuer , Fan Lingling 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Mitochondria play a central, multifunctional role in cancer progression. However, the mechanism of mitochondrial genes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. This study aimed to screen candidate mitochondrial genes in EOC and then to investigate their biological functions and potential mechanisms.

Methods
We downloaded Gene Expression Omnibus RNA-seq profiles and identified mitochondrial differentially expressed genes in EOC by bioinformatics analysis. Transcription factor A, mitochondrial (TFAM) expression in EOC tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. In vitro assays were applied to clarify TFAM function in EOC.

Results
The bioinformatics analysis results showed that the mitochondrial genes TFAM, HSPE1, and CYC1 were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) in EOC, and their upregulation was associated with a poor prognosis. TFAM was highly expressed in EOC tissues and significantly associated with clinical stage (P = 0.004), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.043), and overall survival (P < 0.05). Silencing TFAM in EOC cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration and induced cell apoptosis (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
TFAM promotes EOC cell secretion of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, lymphangiogenesis, and EOC lymph node metastasis. Our results may provide new insights into the biological functions and potential mechanisms of TFAM in EOC, which might provide new targets for EOC diagnosis and treatment.
The crystal structure of barium hexahydroxidoiridate(IV) dihydroxide, Ba2[Ir(OH)6](OH)2
Authors: Bruns Jörn , Badea Désirée 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ba2[Ir(OH)6](OH)2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 8.5717(4) Å, b = 8.6814(4) Å, c = 10.3683(5) Å, V = 771.55(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0154, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0304, T = 100(2) K.