bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of electrical stimulation, delayed chilling and post‐mortem aging on the quality of M. longissimus dorsi and M. biceps femoris of grass‐fed steers
Authors: Razminowicz Regina H , Kreuzer Michael , Scheeder Martin RL 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Roughage‐based low‐input beef production systems are gaining increasing interest owing to the perceived ecological advantages and potential health benefits associated with the favourable fatty acid composition of such beef. The low plane of nutrition may on the other hand yield less tender beef by affecting growth, carcass weight and fatness and therefore, indirectly, early post‐mortem (p.m.) proteolytic enzyme activity and sarcomere shortening. This study aimed to examine delayed chilling and electrical stimulation as promising techniques to control early p.m. muscle metabolism in a way that improves the tenderness of beef from purely grass‐fed steers in comparison with that from steers receiving a finishing diet with concentrates.RESULTS: Electrical stimulation decreased the pH at 1.5 and 3 h p.m. in the M. longissimus dorsi (LD) and M. biceps femoris (BF) of the treated carcass sides as well as the maximum shear force in the LD, while delayed chilling had no effect on pH or texture. The interactions of carcass fatness with electrical stimulation (P = 0.025) and delayed chilling (P = 0.089) indicated more pronounced effects of the p.m. treatments on beef texture in leaner carcasses.CONCLUSION: Electrical stimulation, but not delayed chilling, could markedly improve pasture beef texture and reduce the aging period needed for proper tenderisation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative geometric analysis of diamond and hole techniques in end‐to‐side microvascular anastomosis
Authors: Sen Cenk , Hasanov Alemdar 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAlthough microsurgical techniques have been accepted routinely in many plastic surgical operations, many experimental studies are currently being conducted to refine the results. Most of these studies are difficult to perform and evaluate and the results are not always free of bias. Many scientific disciplines recently use the mathematics for simulation and modeling to predict the results of difficult experiments. Slit and hole end‐to‐side microanastomosis techniques are frequently preferred by many microsurgeons. Diamond technique recently proposed by the senior author is also a technique of end‐to‐side anastomosis with some advantages. The authors used mathematical simulation and modeling to compare two end‐to‐side microanastomosis techniques namely hole and diamond. The authors measured cross sectional areas of anastomosis in both techniques with different input data. The results showed that for end‐to‐side anastomosis, at angles less than 60°, diamond technique yields a greater cross sectional area at anastomosis site compared with that of hole technique. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Thiel embalming technique: A valuable method for microvascular exercise and teaching of flap raising
Authors: Wolff Klaus‐D. , Kesting Marco , Mücke Thomas , Rau Andrea , Hölzle Frank 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBecause of its high requirements on dexterity and microsurgical skills and the need of complete understanding of flap anatomy, microvascular free flap transfer belongs to the most demanding surgical procedures. Therefore, courses for flap raising and microvascular exercise are considered a prerequisite to prepare for clinical practise. To achieve teaching conditions as realistic as possible we used a novel cadaver embalming method enabling tissue dissection comparable to the living body. Thirty cadavers which were offered to us by the Institute of Anatomy for the purpose of running flap raising courses were embalmed in the technique described by Thiel. On each cadaver, nine free flaps were dissected according to a structured protocol by each course participant and afterwards used for microvascular exercise. The conservation of fine vascular structures and the suitability of the embalmed tissue for microvascular suturing were observed and photographically documented. The Thiel embalming technique provided flap raising procedures to be performed under realistic conditions similar to the living body. Vessels and nerves could be exposed and dissected up to a diameter of 1 mm and allowed for microvascular suturing even after weeks like fresh specimens. The Thiel embalming method is a unique technique and ideally suited to teach flap raising and microvascular suturing on human material. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Functional evaluation of anterolateral thigh flap donor sites: Isokinetic torque comparisons for knee function
Authors: Tsuji Naoko , Suga Hirotaka , Uda Koichi , Sugawara Yasushi 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackground: The anterolateral thigh flap is thought to have minor donor site morbidity, but muscle dissection is unavoidable when skin perforator vessels run through the vastus lateralis muscle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional problems associated with the anterolateral thigh flap donor site. Method: We evaluated 12 patients who underwent free anterolateral thigh flap transfer between March 2003 and November 2005. A questionnaire and dynamic functional evaluation of the knee joint using the Biodex System were performed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Results: No patients reported any disturbance in their daily life. No significant differences were found between donor and normal thighs on isokinetic power tests of the quadriceps muscle. Conclusion: The function of the donor site after harvesting the anterolateral thigh flap was maintained. Damage to or functional disturbance of the donor site is minimal even if muscle is injured when harvesting the flap. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Repairing a 35‐mm‐long median nerve defect with a chitosan/PGA artificial nerve graft in the human: A case study
Authors: Fan Weimin , Gu Jianhui , Hu Wen , Deng Aidong , Ma Yimin , Liu Jie , Ding Fei , Gu Xiaosong 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe have developed a chitosan/polyglycolic acid (PGA) artificial nerve graft which was previously used for bridge implantation of dog sciatic nerves across 30‐mm long defects. Here we describe a clinical trial of this graft for repairing a 35‐mm‐long median nerve defect at elbow of a human patient. During the 3‐year follow‐up period, functional recovery of the injured median nerve was assessed by pinch gauge test, hydraulic hand dynamometry, static two‐point discrimination and touch test with monofilaments, in couple with electrophysiological examinations. The motor and sensory function of the median nerve demonstrated an ongoing recovery postimplantation, reaching M4 and S3+ levels during the follow‐up period. The results indicate that the chitosan/PGA artificial nerve graft could be used for surgical repair of larger defects in major peripheral nerves at a higher level in the human. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Reliability of the superficial venous drainage of the radial forearm free flaps in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction
Authors: Liu Yuan , Jiang Xiaozhong , Huang Jiantao , Wu Yang , Wang Guodong , Jiang Lei , Li Wai , Zhao Yunfu 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe aim of this article is to compare the superficial venous drainage system versus dual venous drainage system of radial forearm free flaps (RFFF) and its impact on flap survival. A total of 136 consecutive patients undergoing RFFF reconstruction for oral and maxillofacial surgical defects were reviewed retrospectively. In group l, both the superficial and deep veins were anastomosed to the neck recipient veins. In group 2, only the superficial vein was used for anastomosis. There were no statistical differences in venous problems between two groups (6/68 in group 1 vs. 5/68 in group 2, P = 0.75). The flap survival rate was 98.5% (66/68 in group 1 vs. 68/68 in group 2, P = 0.15). Although there are many theoretical advantages to dual venous drainage system anastomoses, they seem not to impact on flap survival in our experience. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Simultaneous coverage of two separate dorsal digital defects with a syndactylizing venous free flap
Authors: Trovato Matthew J. , Brooks Darrell , Buntic Rudolf F. , Buncke Gregory M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe report a case of a 58‐year‐old patient who sustained multiple finger injuries on the right hand. After thorough debridement, two dorsal defects of the middle and ring fingers were covered simultaneously with a single arterialized venous free flap from the right forearm. The flap was used to create a dorsally syndactylized digit which survived completely and was subsequently divided longitudinally. With early flap division, excellent functional and cosmetic result was achieved. We consider the syndactylized venous free flap with early division as a useful option for simultaneous coverage of separate dorsal digital defects. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Protective effects of glucagon‐like peptide 2 on intestinal ischemia‐reperfusion rats
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhu Weiming , Zhang Jian , Li Ning , Li Jieshou 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOur objective was to evaluate the protective effects of glucagon‐like peptide 2 (GLP‐2) on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rats. Thirty‐two rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups, each of 8: Group A, sham rats underwent laparotomy only, without superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion; Group B, I/R animals underwent laparotomy and occlusion of the SMA for 60 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion; Group C, I/R animals underwent intestinal I/R, and received pretreatment with GLP‐2 for 3 days preoperatively; and Group D, I/R animals underwent intestinal I/R, received pretreatment with GLP‐2 as above, and during the reperfusion phase were injected intravenously with GLP‐2. After the reperfusion of intestinal ischemia, samples of intestinal mucosa, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and blood were prepared for determination. In the pretreatment rats with GLP‐2 (group C), Chiu's scores, bacterial colony counts, serum D‐lactate, intestinal mucosal MDA and ET‐1, and serum endotoxin, TNF‐α and IL‐6 were significantly reduced compared with intestinal I/R rats (group B). Administration of GLP‐2 during the reperfusion phase following pretreatment (group D) showed further protective effects in comparison with the pretreatment rats (group C). We conclude that treatment with GLP‐2 attenuates intestinal I/R injury, reduces bacterial translocation, inhibits the release of oxygen free radicals and ET‐1, and may well inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Transplantation of a vascularized rabbit femoral diaphyseal segment: Mechanical and histologic properties of a new living bone transplantation model
Authors: Giessler Goetz A. , Zobitz Mark , Friedrich Patricia F. , Bishop Allen T. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA new vascularized bone transplantation model is described, including the anatomy and surgical technique of isolating a rabbit femoral diaphyseal segment on its nutrient vascular pedicle. The histologic and biomechanical parameters of pedicled vascularized femoral autotransplants were studied following orthotopic reimplantation in the resulting mid‐diaphyseal defect. Vascularized femur segments were isolated in 10 rabbits on their nutrient pedicle, and then replaced orthotopically with appropriate internal fixation. Postoperative weightbearing and mobility were unrestricted, and the contralateral femora served as no‐treatment controls. After 16 weeks, the bone flaps were evaluated by x‐ray (bone healing), mechanical testing (material properties), microangiography (quantification of intraosseous vasculature), histology (bone viability), and histomorphometry (bone remodeling). Bone healing occurred by 2 weeks, with further callus remodeling throughout the survival period. Eight transplants healed completely, while two had a distal pseudarthrosis. Microangiography demonstrated patent pedicles in all transplants. Intraosseous vessel densities were comparable to nonoperated (control) femora. We found ultimate strength and elastic modulus to be significantly reduced when compared to normal controls. Viable bone, increased mineral apposition rate, and bone turnover were demonstrated in all transplants. The method described, and the data provided will be of value for the further study of isolated segments of living bone, and in particular, for investigations of reconstruction of segmental bone loss in weight‐bearing animal models. This study also provides important normative data on living autologous bone flap material properties, vascularity, and bone remodeling. We intend to use this method and data for comparison in subsequent studies of large bone vascularized allotransplantation. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Characterization of nonderivatized plant cell walls using high‐resolution solution‐state NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Yelle Daniel J. , Ralph John , Frihart Charles R. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA recently described plant cell wall dissolution system has been modified to use perdeuterated solvents to allow direct in‐NMR‐tube dissolution and high‐resolution solution‐state NMR of the whole cell wall without derivatization. Finely ground cell wall material dissolves in a solvent system containing dimethylsulfoxide‐d6 and 1‐methylimidazole‐d6 in a ratio of 4:1 (v/v), keeping wood component structures mainly intact in their near‐native state. Two‐dimensional NMR experiments, using gradient‐HSQC (heteronuclear single quantum coherence) 1‐bond 13C1H correlation spectroscopy, on nonderivatized cell wall material from a representative gymnosperm pinus taeda (loblolly pine), an angiosperm Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen), and a herbaceous plant Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf) demonstrate the efficacy of the system. We describe a method to synthesize 1‐methylimidazole‐d6 with a high degree of perdeuteration, thus allowing cell wall dissolution and NMR characterization of nonderivatized plant cell wall structures. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Doubly compensated multiplicity‐edited HSQC experiments utilizing broadband inversion pulses
Authors: Hu Haitao , Krishnamurthy Krish 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe propose a family of doubly compensated multiplicity‐edited heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) pulse sequences. The key difference between our proposed sequences and the compensation of refocusing inefficiency with synchronized inversion sweeps (CRISIS)‐HSQC experiments they are based on is that the conventional rectangular 180° pulses on the proton channel in the latter have been replaced by the computer‐optimized broadband inversion pulses (BIPs) with superior inversion performance as well as much improved tolerance to B1 field inhomogeneity. Moreover, all adiabatic carbon 180° pulses during the INEPT and reverse‐INEPT periods in the CRISIS‐HSQC sequences have also been replaced with the much shorter BIPs, while the adiabatic sweeps during the heteronuclear spin echo for multiplicity editing are kept in place in order to maintain the advantage of the CRISIS feature of the original sequences, namely J‐independent refocusing of the one‐bond 1H13C coupling constants. These modifications have also been implemented to the preservation of equivalent pathways (PEP)‐HSQC experiments. We demonstrate through a detailed comparison that replacing the proton 180° pulses with the BIPs provide additional sensitivity gain that can be mainly attributed to the improved tolerance to B1 field inhomogeneity of the BIPs. The proposed sequences can be easily adapted for 19F13C correlations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NMR study of 5‐substituted pyrazolo[3,4‐c]pyridine derivatives
Authors: Tsikouris Orestis , Bartl Tomáš , Toušek Jaromír , Lougiakis Nikolaos , Tite Tony , Marakos Panagiotis , Pouli Nicole , Mikros Emmanuel , Marek Radek 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSubstituted pyrazolopyridines are potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterases and cyclin‐dependent kinases. In this study, NMR was used to investigate the potential N1‐H and N2‐H tautomerism of 5‐substituted pyrazolo[3,4‐c]pyridine derivatives. Six compounds were fully characterized by using 1H, 13C, and 15N chemical shifts and indirect 1H13C and 1H15N coupling constants. The 1H NMR spectra were measured over a broad range of temperatures. All of the compounds were shown to exist predominantly in the N1‐H tautomeric form. Complementary quantum‐chemical calculations of the chemical shieldings and indirect spin‐spin couplings support the structural conclusions drawn. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
T1 relaxation measurement with solvent suppression
Authors: Hoffmann Markus M. , Sobstyl Hanna S. , Seedhouse Steven J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThree solvent‐suppression pulse sequences of varying complexity were incorporated into the standard inversion recovery pulse program and experimentally evaluated. The least complex suppression sequence involves a composite 90° pulse. A more complex sequence utilizes an excitation sculpting sequence requiring pulsed field gradients, and the most complex sequence incorporates an excitation sculpting sequence with selective rf pulses and gradient pulses. The quality of the spectral data and the accuracy of T1 measurements of the investigated suppression schemes were evaluated using three aqueous samples with increasing proton content in the water solvent, i.e. by volume 100% D2O, 80/20% D2O/H2O, and 100% H2O. For lines removed from the water resonance the T1 values were generally very consistent between all pulse sequences tested. For lines less than about 200 Hz from the water signal the T1 measurements become less reliable but are still possible for most of the tested pulse programs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
119Sn NMR chemical shift tensors in anhydrous and hydrated Si8O20(SnMe3)8 crystals
Authors: Jiao Jian , Lee Ming‐Yung , Barnes Craig E. , Hagaman Edward W. 
Published: March 2008

Abstract119Sn chemical shift tensors of crystalline trialkyltin functionalized octameric spherosilicates, Si8O20(SnMe3)8, have been determined by fitting sideband intensities in solid‐state magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra. Tin chemical shift parameters are exquisitely sensitive to the presence of water of crystallization. Both hydrogen bonding and incipient oxygen–tin bonding from molecular water impact the local tin environment. Tin chemical shift tensors in the crystalline derivatives reflect the changes in geometry and coordination number at the tin centers. Chemical shift correlations on the crystalline derivatives, with known x‐ray structures, are used to infer the tin coordination environment in an amorphous sample. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling
Authors: Ozsen Leyla , Coullard Collette R. , Daskin Mark S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this article, we introduce the capacitated warehouse location model with risk pooling (CLMRP), which captures the interdependence between capacity issues and the inventory management at the warehouses. The CLMRP models a logistics system in which a single plant ships one type of product to a set of retailers, each with an uncertain demand. Warehouses serve as the direct intermediary between the plant and the retailers for the shipment of the product and also retain safety stock to provide appropriate service levels to the retailers. The CLMRP minimizes the sum of the fixed facility location, transportation, and inventory carrying costs. The model simultaneously determines warehouse locations, shipment sizes from the plant to the warehouses, the working inventory, and safety stock levels at the warehouses and the assignment of retailers to the warehouses. The costs at each warehouse exhibit initially economies of scale and then an exponential increase due to the capacity limitations. We show that this problem can be formulated as a nonlinear integer program in which the objective function is neither concave nor convex. A Lagrangian relaxation solution algorithm is proposed. The Lagrangian subproblem is also a nonlinear integer program. An efficient algorithm is developed for the linear relaxation of this subproblem. The Lagrangian relaxation algorithm provides near‐optimal solutions with reasonable computational requirements for large problem instances. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
Warranty claims modeling
Authors: Kulkarni Vidyadhar , Resnick Sidney I. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA company wishes to estimate or predict its financial exposure in a reporting period of length T (typically one quarter) because of warranty claims. We propose a fairly general random measure model which allows computation of the Laplace transform of the total claim made against the company in the reporting interval due to warranty claims. When specialized to a Poisson process of both sales and warranty claims, statistical estimation of relevant quantities is possible. The methodology is illustrated by analyzing automobile sales and warranty claims data from a large car manufacturer for a single car model and model year. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008
The building evacuation problem with shared information
Authors: Chen Lichun , Miller‐Hooks Elise 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn this article, the Building Evacuation Problem with Shared Information (BEPSI) is formulated as a mixed integer linear program, where the objective is to determine the set of routes along which to send evacuees (supply) from multiple locations throughout a building (sources) to the exits (sinks) such that the total time until all evacuees reach the exits is minimized. The formulation explicitly incorporates the constraints of shared information in providing online instructions to evacuees, ensuring that evacuees departing from an intermediate or source location at a mutual point in time receive common instructions. Arc travel time and capacity, as well as supply at the nodes, are permitted to vary with time and capacity is assumed to be recaptured over time. The BEPSI is shown to be NP‐hard. An exact technique based on Benders decomposition is proposed for its solution. Computational results from numerical experiments on a real‐world network representing a four‐story building are given. Results of experiments employing Benders cuts generated in solving a given problem instance as initial cuts in addressing an updated problem instance are also provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008