bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low circulating miR-190a-5p predicts progression of chronic kidney disease.
Authors: Baird David P , Zang Jinnan , Connor Katie L , Teenan Oliver , Wong Ryan K Y , Reck Maximilian , Cairns Carolynn , Traynor Jamie P , Hughes Jeremy , Mark Patrick B , Maxwell Alexander P , McKay Gareth J , Simpson David A. , Denby Laura , Conway Bryan R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have the potential to be employed as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are functionally important in disease pathogenesis. To identify novel miR biomarkers we performed small RNA-sequencing (sRNA-Seq) that were quantitatively altered in the circulation of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with CKD compared to those with normal kidney function. MiR-190a-5p abundance was significantly lower in the circulation of T2D patients with reduced kidney function compared to those with normal kidney function. To validate if the loss of circulating miR-190a-5p was associated with reduced kidney function we measured miR-190a-5p in an unselected cohort of CKD patients and determined if dysregulated miR-190a-5p could predict kidney outcomes. In individuals with no or moderate albuminuria (<300mg/mmol), serum miR-190a-5p levels predicted CKD progression (reaching end-stage kidney disease or >30% reduction from baseline eGFR, independent of age, sex, baseline eGFR, urinary albumin excretion, or blood pressure (adjusted HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96, p=0.015). To identify the kidney source of miR-190a-5p we utilised transcriptomic data from mouse models of kidney injury and single nuclear (sn) RNA-Seq from human kidney, finding that miR-190a-5p is enriched in the proximal tubule (PT) but down-regulated following injury. Bioinformatic analysis highlighted ADAM10as a potential miR-190a-5p target and we validated this in human PT cell line. Our analyses suggest that miR-190a-5p is a biomarker of tubular cell health and low circulating levels may predict CKD progression in patients with low or moderate proteinuria independent of existing risk factors.
A micro-hot-wire anemometry probe with elongated stubs for turbulent boundary layer measurements
Authors: Baradel Baptiste , Giani Alain , Méry Fabien , Combette Philippe , Léon Olivier 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The development of micro-hot-wire anemometry probes for turbulence studies requires mitigating spatial filtering, end-conduction effects and probe intrusivity. Keeping these factors in mind, this work analytically and experimentally investigates the relevance of a micro-hot-wire probe design featuring elongated stubs, inspired by Wollaston-wire probes but fabricated using modern micro-fabrication techniques. The resulting probes are shown to be relatively easy to manufacture and capable of providing satisfactory velocity measurements in a zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer at Reτ≈1150. Different probes were tested, all featuring a micro-wire length sufficiently small to alleviate spatial filtering of near-wall small-scale turbulent structures. The investigation focuses on assessing end-conduction effects and probe intrusivity, with the latter still observable close to the wall for such micro-probes.
Diagnostic and prognostic potential of tissue phospholipidomics in hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective cohort study
Authors: He Tongtong , Wusiman Maierhaba , Shuang Song , Chen Jie-dong , Li Meng-chu , Li Zhen , Zou Jiu-peng , Wang Chen , Liu Zhao-yan , Fang Ai-ping , Zhang Yao-jun , Zhu Hui-lian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have indicated that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is linked to abnormal phospholipid (PL) metabolism. However, whether alterations of phospholipids in hepatic tissues contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC remains unclear.
Methods: A quantitative and comprehensive phospholipidomic analysis was conducted using hydrophilic liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-triquadrupole-mass spectrometry (HILIC-ESI-MS/MS). This analysis facilitated the comparison of 214 distinct PLs between paired samples from HCC tissues and tumor-adjacent normal hepatic tissues (NATs) in a prospective cohort (n=87). Differential metabolites were identified through paired t tests and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The survival analysis of phospholipids for HCC was assessed using univariate and multivariable Cox regression models.
Results: Significant differences were found between HCC and NAT for phospholipid profile, and 85 phospholipids demonstrated a high accuracy in discerning two types of tissue. The increased HCC/ NAT ratio of lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) class was associated with greater HCC specific mortality (Hazard ratio (HR) = 6.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.88-22.51,P = 0.002), and the association was still significant (HR = 4.82, 95% CI: 1.34-17.29, P = 0.017) even after adjustment covariances. LPG (18:1) and LPG (18:2) differentiated HCC from NAT with great capacities (the area under the curve (AUC)>0.75) and had prognostic significance for HCC specific mortality before (HR = 5.17 and 5.51, respectively, both ofP < 0.01) and after adjustment (HR = 4.14 and 4.15, respectively, both of P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Phospholipids could serve as potential biomarkers with significant diagnostic and prognostic implications. A more profound understanding of cancer-associated phospholipid metabolism could pave the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.
Sexual and Reproductive Health Behaviors among Ethiopian University Students: A Scoping Review
Authors: Abitie Tilksew Ayalew , Animen Simachew , Atinafu Desta Debalkie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: There is a wide variation among societies in profiles of adolescent and youth health and behaviours, however they all experience sexual and reproductive health as a major health challenge. However, adolescents and youths in middle-and low-income countries like Ethiopia are of a particular concern where limited social, educational and health services leads to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted infections including Immune Deficiency Virus. Identify and synthesis the available evidence on sexual and reproductive health of university students in Ethiopia has a paramount importance to inform policy makers, governmental and non-governmental organizations, to tailor health services in Higher Educational Institutions and to understand evidence gaps. Thus, we did a descriptive systematic review of available published information on sexual and reproductive health among Ethiopian university students.
Method: We performed a systematic review to collect and analyze observational data on sexual and reproductive health behaviours among Ethiopian university students. Publications were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar databases and manual search from 2015 to December 2023. We defined a protocol to identify relevant studies. We included original observational studies conducted in Ethiopia among university students, both qualitative and quantitative studies and that consider at list one of the following elements: sexual activity, condom use, multiple sexual partners, contraceptive use, family planning use, sexual transmitted infections, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, sexual and reproductive health knowledge, early sexual debut, risky sexual behavior. All include article were coded according to relevant outcomes and experiences and subsequently analyzed to assess frequencies.
Result: After screening for inclusion criteria 15 publications were include in the datasheet developed to record the findings. Surprisingly all 15 studies reported that university students are sexually active with high prevalence of having multiple sexual partners and limited use of sexual and reproductive health services such as condom use and family planning /contraceptive use. Unwanted pregnancy, abortion, STIs infections, early sexual debut and premarital sex were frequently reported. Only two studies reported transactional sex.
Conclusion: Adolescents and youths enrolled at Ethiopian Public Universities engage in risky sexual behaviours and experience its adverse consequences. It is essential to collect more evidence, but the available information supports a need for improving provision of sexual and reproductive health services, among Ethiopian university students. Youth friendly sexual and reproductive health services should be avail in Higher Education Institutions.
Research on the Mechanics of Thrombosis Interface Damage Evolution
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Chen Jiaxuan , Ji Chaoyue , Hou Dongyang , Jiang Shunyong , Dong Fang , Liu Sheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The shedding of thrombosis can pose diagnostic difficulties for clinicians as it results in risks of damage. Determining the appropriate treatment, drug thrombolysis, implanted vascular stents, clinical research, or surgical cutting is often challenging. To better understand the interfacial mechanical mechanism of thrombus shedding, a fluid-solid coupling finite element model was created based on viscoelasticity-based blood vessels, line elastic thrombosis, and Euler fluid blood to establish a connective interface between blood vessels and thrombosis. Under hypertension conditions, the interface mechanics model calculated the finite element interface performance of thrombosis with different degrees of calcification, thicknesses, and coverage angles, using the mechanical parameters to assess damage for the interface of different structural thromboses. The study analyzed and clarified the evolution mechanism of damage and exfoliation of the thrombotic interface in blood vessels under various conditions. The results revealed that the mechanics of damage and the shedding mechanism of the thrombosis were significantly affected by the different coverage angles. Based on these analyses, this study determined that the finite element method based on the Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method, including the interface model of the cohesive zone volume element layer, could well simulate the mechanics of damage and the shedding mechanism of the thrombotic interface under the impact of hypertension. This study is the first to explore the finite element interface damage model of thrombosis and the vessel wall using interfacial mechanics.
Decylammonium sulfate post-treatment for efficient hole-conductor-free printable perovskite solar cells with reduced voltage loss
Authors: Han Hongwei , Qiu Zexiong , Liu Jiale , Han Chuanzhou , Wang Chaoyang , Xiang Junwei , Zheng Ziwei , Xia Minhao , Zhou Yang , Mei Anyi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) have attracted widespread attention for their low cost, up-scalability, and exceptional stability. However, the high defect density of perovskite and the absence of interfacial barrier layer between perovskite and carbon electrode cause profound open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss, which results in uncompetitive power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, an anion-cation synergy of decylammonium sulfate (DA2SO4) is utilized for suppressing VOC loss of p-MPSCs via a facile post-treatment method. DA+ cations transform the perovskite adjacent to carbon electrode into wide-bandgap 2D perovskite for blocking electrons, while the SO42− anions interact with undercoordinated lead centers for reducing defect density. As a result, the modified device delivers an enhanced PCE from 17.78–19.59%, with an improved VOC from 0.98 V to 1.06 V. Meanwhile, the modified device without any encapsulation exhibits excellent moisture stability with the PCE remained almost 99% of the initial value after 528 h aging in 75% RH air at room temperature.
Impacts of bomb explosions on weathering damage of architectural heritage
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Mol Lisa , Tucker Maurice , Blenkinsop Tom , Gilbert Oscar , Campbell Oliver 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The effects of bomb impacts, including the explosive force and combustion associated with these impacts, are preserved in only a few cities across the UK. In particular, World War Two (WWII) has left scars across a wide range of structures as a result of air raids. On immovable heritage, such as architectural structures, these impacts commonly take the form of craters, fractures and fire damage to stonework. This instantaneous damage is subsequently exposed to environmental stresses, such as moisture cycling, thermal stress and the movement of soluble elements and can thus lead to further deterioration of the stone. In this study, RSH (Rock Surface Hardness) measurements, permeametry measurements and microscopic observations were selected to capture stone deterioration data from 80-year-old bomb impacts on two walls of the Labour Exchange in Bath (UK) for spatial distribution analysis (Kriging) in GIS (Geographic Information Systems). The results show that the weathering forms that were found on the two walls can be attributed to nine different types. They can provide quantitative assessment of damage caused by bomb explosions and combustion in the war. The increase in permeability of walls and craters is shown to be primarily caused by the bomb explosion and combustion, whereas the decrease of hardness is associated with subsequent stone deterioration processes. This indicates that the interplay of initial damage likely accelerates subsequent response to environmental stress, extending the initial damage patterns from the impact crater to larger areas of stonework.
Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Group E of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Insights for Clinical Management and Immunoglobulin Therapy Strategies
Authors: Hai Cong Nguyen , Ba Thang Ta , Duc Thanh Bui , Xuan Cuong Hoang , Manh Tan Vu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to describe serum immunoglobulin concentrations and clinical, subclinical characteristics in patients with group E of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods
A prospective observational study assessed IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE levels in 67 COPD patients and 30 healthy controls at Military Hospital 103 from October 2017 to August 2020. Primary outcomes included Ig isotype levels in COPD patients, with secondary outcomes exploring differences compared to controls and associations with clinical variables.
Results
COPD patients showed significantly lower IgG concentrations and higher IgA levels than controls. IgM and IgE levels did not differ significantly. Subgroup analysis revealed notable decreases in IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations, with 10.4% of patients exhibiting reduced IgG levels and 0.3% diagnosed with common variable immunodeficiency. No significant associations were found between Ig levels and exacerbation risk or clinical variables.
Conclusions
Serum IgG and IgM concentrations were significantly reduced in COPD patients compared to normal individuals, with IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations notably low. Serum IgA levels were significantly higher in COPD patients compared with normal controls. However, no significant association was found between Ig concentrations, particularly serum IgG deficiency and its subclasses, with the frequency and risk of exacerbations during 12 months of longitudinal follow-up. Caution is warranted in the use of immunoglobulin therapy in the treatment of COPD patients.
Trial registration
An independent ethics committee approved the study (Ethics Committee of Military Hospital 103 (No. 57/2014/VMMU-IRB), which was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice.
Deletion of Nrf2 induced severe oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice model of diabetic bladder dysfunction
Authors: Wang Lei , sun Weihao , Ren Guanyu , Zhang Xinhui , Sun Yi , Song Qixiang , Yang Chenghua , Liu Zhiyong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective:
To understand the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD).

Methods:
Herein, we reported a Nrf2 deletion diabetic mouse model induced by 8-week high-fat diet feeding combined with streptozocin (STZ) injection in Nrf2 knockout mice. Besides, wild-type mice (WT) were used as control group, wild-type mice with high-fat diet feeding and STZ injection as diabetic group (WT-T2DM), and Nrf2 knockout mice as Nrf2 deletion group (KO). The pathophysiological indexes and bladder morphology were evaluated. And we measured the level of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) by ELISA. Lastly we used the western blot to evaluate the apoptosis.

Results:
The pathophysiological indexes and bladder morphology showed typical pathological features of diabetic bladder dysfunction in Nrf2 knockout diabetic mouse mice (KO-T2DM). ELISA results showed that advanced glycation end products (AGEs), ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in bladder was were up-regulated in both WT-T2DM and KO-T2DM group, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels decreased in these two groups. Compared with WT-T2DM group, western blot analysis of the bladder showed down-regulated expression of NQO1 and HO-1 in KO-T2DM group. However, apoptosis, marked by Caspase3 and bax/bcl-2 ratio, was increased in KO-T2DM group. Neurotrophic factor (NGF) was significantly decreased in DBD model, and even much lower in KO-T2DM group.

Conclusions:
Collectively, our findings demonstrated that deletion of Nrf2 lead to severe oxidative stress, apoptosis, and lower level of neurotrophic factor, and provided the first set of experimental evidence, in a mouse model, to support Nrf2 as a promising target for DBD.
A Quantum LSTM Based Approach to Cyber Threat Detection in Virtual Environment
Authors: Tripathi Sarvapriya , Upadhyay Himanshu , Soni Jayesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Quantum computing is the application of quantum phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform probabilistic computations in the area of information processing. Quantum Information Processing (QIP) holds the promise of having a significant speed advantage over classical processing. This advantage very naturally extends to the advancements in Artificial Intelligence / Machine learning (AI/ML) in the form of what is now conveniently referred to as Quantum Artificial Intelligence (QAI) / Quantum Machine Learning (QML). Traditional AI/ML algorithms are designed to efficiently identify patterns from datasets, and consequently, there is a huge body of work in classical AI/ML on anomaly detection techniques. This work has also been successfully applied in the area of Cyber Security. Automated, advanced methods of attack vector recognition using virtual machine introspection have been successfully studied via Classical AI/ML algorithms such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). These methods, however, face the large dataset handling and real-time processing limitations of classical machines, and one is therefore presented with the same question: Can QML provide an advantage in this scenario? This is what we will explore in this paper.
Syndrome decoding by quantum approximate optimization
Authors: Lai Ching-Yi , Kuo Kao-Yueh , Liao Bo-Jyun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The syndrome decoding problem is known to be NP-complete. The goal of the decoder is to find an error of low weight that corresponds to a given syndrome obtained from a parity-check matrix. We use the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) to address the syndrome decoding problem with elegantly-designed reward Hamiltonians based on both generator and check matrices for classical and quantum codes.We evaluate the level-4 check-based QAOA decoding of the [7,4,3] Hamming code, as well as the level-4 generator-based QAOA decoding of the [[5,1,3]] quantum code.Remarkably, the simulation results demonstrate that the decoding performances match those of the maximum likelihood decoding. Moreover, we explore the possibility of enhancing QAOA by introducing additional redundant clauses to a combinatorial optimization problem while keeping the number of qubits unchanged. Finally, we study QAOA decoding of degenerate quantum codes.Typically, conventional decoders aim to find a unique error of minimum weight that matches a given syndrome. However, our observations reveal that QAOA has the intriguing ability to identify degenerate errors of comparable weight, providing multiple potential solutions that match the given syndrome with comparable probabilities.This is illustrated through simulations of the generator-based QAOA decoding of the [[9,1,3]] Shor code on specific error syndromes.
Estimation and Validation of Geftinib by Rp- HPLC
Authors: Sultana Shaheen , M.Shravani  , Kenchi Maheshwari , B.Ramu  
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A simple, rapid, precise and accurate Rp-Hplc method was developed and validated for the determination of Geftinib citrate, in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The separation is achieved on RP-HPLC using a PDA detector by incorporation of enpower 2 software with a flow rate of 1.0ml/min using a mixture of Methanol and water (15:85% v/v) as mobile phase. The column used was Hypersil C18 (4.6×150mm, 5µ) at a wave length of 284nm. The retention time of the Geftinib citrate was 3.515min.. The linearity of the drug was 25–125µg/m and the method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD.
The proposed method was validated and applied for the estimation of Geftinib in quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Cover crops mixtures with more legumes maximize biomass and N input in irrigated fruit crops in Brazil
Authors: Souza Renata Janaína Carvalho , Freitas Ana Dolores Santiago , Giongo Vanderlise , Júnior Paulo Ivan Fernandes , Camargo Plínio Barbosa , Oliveira Jéssica Rafaella Sousa , Dantas Edilândia Farias , Ferreira Juscélia Silva , Sampaio Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cover crops, especially legumes, can counterbalance the depletion in soil organic matter, the low supply of nitrogen from the organic reserves and the losses of the inorganic fertilizers in irrigated fruit crops. We tested two cover crop mixtures, one with more and the other with less legume proportions, and one treatment where the spontaneous weeds were left to grow, before planting melon or intercropping in a mango orchard. Biomass of the cover crops and the weeds were cut and incorporated or left on the soil surface. In general, incororation or surface placement did not significantly differ. The average biomass productions of the cover crop mixtures over the three cycles were higher than that of the spontaneous weeds. They also acumulated more N, especially the mixture with more legumes (222 and 159 kg ha− 1 versus 60 kg ha− 1 in the weeds), about half of which came from symbiotic fixation (110 and 77 versus 55 kg ha− 1). These amounts are of the same order as those exported with the fruits. Thus, cover crops, especially those with high legume proportions, are a recommended practice, which should be adopted by producers and fostered by public policies, in semiarid regions.