bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Exploration of the Altered Microbial Gut–Lung Axis in the Pathogenesis of Human Refractory Chronic Cough
Authors: Baldi Simone , Fabbrizzi Alessio , Di Gloria Leandro , Pallecchi Marco , Nannini Giulia , D’Ambrosio Mario , Luceri Cristina , Bartolucci Gianluca , Ramazzotti Matteo , Fontana Giovanni , Mannini Claudia , Lavorini Federico , Amedei Amedeo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Cough represents a natural mechanism that plays an important defensive role in the respiratory tract, but in some conditions, it may become persistent, nonproductive, and harmful. In general, refractory chronic cough (RCC) occurs in about 20% of individuals; hence, we aimed to assess the presence of altered gut–lung communication in RCC patients through a compositional and functional characterization of both gut (GM) and oral microbiota (OM).

Methods
16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize both GM and OM composition of RCC patients and healthy controls (HC). PICRUST2 assessed functional changes in microbial communities while gas chromatography was used to evaluate fecal short-chain fatty acid levels and serum-free fatty acid (FFA) abundances.

Results
In comparison with HC, RCC patients reported increased saliva alpha-diversity and statistically significant beta-diversity in both GM and OM. Also, a, respectively, significant increased or reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio in stool and saliva samples of RCC patients has been shown, in addition to a modification of the abundances of several taxa in both GM and OM. Moreover, a potential fecal over-expression of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and lipoic acid metabolism pathways and several differences in serum FFA levels have been reported in RCC patients than in HC.

Conclusion
Since differences in both GM and OM of RCC patients have been documented, these findings could provide new information about RCC pathogenesis and also pave the way for the development of novel nutritional or pharmacological interventions for the management of RCC through the restoration of eubiotic gut–lung communication.
Alteration of serum bile acid profiles of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma identified by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Dai Sijia , Zhu Jingfei , Chen Xuqiong , Zheng Liming , Li Xiaoping , Liu Longgen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma closely related to metabolic disorders is a common and aggressive liver malignancy. The dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis has emerged as a key factor for the development and progression of HCC. We aimed to investigate the relationship between bile acids and HCC diagnosis and progression.

Methods
A total of 744 HBV-related patients (including 396 HCC patients and 348 patients with chronic liver diseases) were enrolled in the current study. The baseline characteristics of patients were collected from electronic medical records, and the levels of bile acid profiles were determined by LC–MS/MS. Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to reduce the effect of selection bias, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical application values of bile acid.

Results
Significant differences were observed for most characteristics between the HCC group and the CLD group before PSM analysis. Patients with HCC were older and fatter (p < 0.05). After adjusting with a 1:1 ratio for age, gender and BMI, 42 HCC patients and 42 non-HCC patients were matched in 2 groups, respectively. The total bile acid level in HCC patients was lower than that in patients with chronic liver diseases before and after PSM analysis (p < 0.05). However, patients with HCC had significantly higher levels of DCA, LCA, and GLCA and lower levels of TCDCA, GUDCA, and TUDCA (p < 0.05, respectively). Besides, the TCDCA, TUDCA, GLCA, and GUDCA were significantly correlated with tumor procession. Moreover, the BAs profiles had a superior predictive ability for predicting the development of HCC even in patients with low serum AFP levels.

Conclusion
Patients with HCC had significantly lower levels of total bile acid, but higher levels of secondary bile acids (DCA, LCA, and GLCA). The levels of primary bile acid (TCDCA) were closely related to tumor size and stage, which indicated that the bile acids were involved in the HCC procession and had important clinical application values.
Disulfidptosis features and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: unveiling and validating the prognostic signature across cohorts
Authors: Xue Hao , Sun Qianyu , Zhang Heqing , Huang Hanxiao , Xue Haowei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant health concern with a variable global incidence and is linked to regional lifestyle factors and HPV infections. Despite treatment advances, patient prognosis remains variable, necessitating an understanding of its molecular mechanisms and the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers.

Methods
We analyzed 959 HNSCC samples and employed batch correction to obtain consistent transcriptomic data across cohorts. We examined 79 disulfidptosis-related genes to determine consensus clusters and utilized high-throughput sequencing to identify genetic heterogeneity within tumors. We established a disulfidptosis prognostic signature (DSPS) using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and developed a prognostic nomogram integrating the DSPS with clinical factors. Personalized chemotherapy prediction was performed using the "pRRophetic" R package.

Results
Batch corrections were used to harmonize gene expression data, revealing two distinct disulfidptosis subtypes, C1 and C2, with differential gene expression and survival outcomes. Subtype C1, characterized by increased expression of the MYH family genes ACTB, ACTN2, and FLNC, had a mortality rate of 48.4%, while subtype C2 had a mortality rate of 38.7% (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.633–0.934, P = 0.008). LASSO regression identified 15 genes that composed the DSPS prognostic model, which independently predicted survival (HR = 2.055, 95% CI: 1.420–2.975, P < 0.001). The prognostic nomogram, which included the DSPS, age, and tumor stage, predicted survival with AUC values of 0.686, 0.704, and 0.789 at 3, 5, and 8 years, respectively, indicating strong predictive capability. In the external validation cohort (cohort B), the DSPS successfully identified patients at greater risk, with worse overall survival outcomes in the high-DSPS subgroup (HR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.17–2.023, P = 0.002) and AUC values of 0.601, 0.644, 0.636, and 0.748 at 3, 5, 8, and 10 years, respectively, confirming the model's robustness.

Conclusion
The DSPS provides a robust prognostic tool for HNSCC, underscoring the complexity of this disease and the potential for tailored treatment strategies. This study highlights the importance of molecular signatures in oncology, offering a step toward personalized medicine and improved patient outcomes in HNSCC management.
Pharmacovigilance of nephrotoxic drugs in neonates: the Pottel method for acute kidney injury detection in ELBW neonates
Authors: Dumoulin Mathilde , Pottel Hans , Mekahli Djalila , Laenen Annouschka , Smits Anne , Allegaert Karel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates (birth weight ≤ 1000 g) are at high risk to develop drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). However, we lack a pragmatic detection tool to capture their time-dependent (patho)physiologic serum creatinine (Scr) patterns. Pottel et al. suggested rescaling Scr by dividing Scr with the mean Scr value of the age- and sex-specific reference population. We explored if this Pottel method can detect drug-related nephrotoxicity in ELBW neonates.

Methods
A previously reported dataset on Scr changes in ELBW neonates exposed to ibuprofen, amikacin, or vancomycin was updated to calculate Pottel scores for every available Scr value in the first 28 postnatal days. We hereby used previously published postnatal age-specific 50th centile values in an ELBW population. Linear mixed models were applied, analyzing Pottel scores as response variable and continuous time (day), drug exposure, and interaction thereof in the explanatory model.

Results
Serum creatinine (n = 3231) observations in 201 ELBW neonates were collected. A statistically significant rise of Pottel scores was observed with ibuprofen starting from postnatal day 4. In addition, a cumulative effect of treatment with mean Pottel scores on day 0 of 1.020 and on day 3 during treatment of 1.106 (95% CI 1.068–1.145, p < 0.001) was observed, corrected for effect of antibiotics. Antibiotic administrations showed a small but statistically significant difference up to postnatal day 5.

Conclusions
As rescaled Scr biomarker, the Pottel method showed a clear association with ibuprofen-exposed ELBW neonates, suggesting its applicability as a pragmatic bedside alternative tool to assess nephrotoxicity.

Graphical abstract
Surgical repair of torn base of ruptured middle cerebral artery trifurcation aneurysm
Authors: Zhang Rui , Muhammad Sajjad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Treating complex middle cerebral artery (MCA) trifurcation aneurysms requires a delicate balance between achieving aneurysm obliteration and preserving vascular integrity. Various cerebral revascularization techniques, including bypass, and clip reconstruction are considered individually or in combination.

Methods
This case report outlines a successful repair of a ruptured neck and base of MCA trifurcation aneurysm using a suturing-clip reconstruction technique. Temporary aneurysm trapping was implemented, with maintained elevated blood pressure to ensure collateral perfusion during repair of ruptured base and neck of MCA aneurysm.

Conclusion
The suturing-clip reconstruction exhibited long-term radiological stability, emerging as a valuable alternative for managing challenging MCA trifurcation aneurysms.
Local excision versus radical surgery for anal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter study in Japan
Authors: Murai Shin , Nozawa Hiroaki , Yamada Kazutaka , Saiki Yasumitsu , Sasaki Kazuhito , Murono Koji , Emoto Shigenobu , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Yokoyama Yuichiro , Abe Shinya , Nagai Yuzo , Yoshioka Yuichiro , Shinagawa Takahide , Sonoda Hirofumi , Sugihara Kenichi , Ajioka Yoichi , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The standard treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma is chemoradiation therapy (CRT), but there is a possibility of over-treatment for early-stage disease. cTisN0 and cT1N0 disease is currently indicated for local excision, but it is unclear whether the indication of local excision can be expanded to cT2N0 disease.

Methods
126 patients with cTis-T2N0 anal cancer treated at 47 centers in Japan between 1991 and 2015 were included. Patients were first classified into the CRT group and surgical therapy group according to the initial therapy, and the latter was further divided into local excision (LE) and radical surgery (RS) groups. We compared prognoses among the groups, and analyzed risk factors for recurrence after local excision.

Results
The CRT group (n = 87) and surgical therapy group (n = 39) showed no difference in relapse-free survival (p = 0.29) and overall survival (p = 0.94). Relapse-free survival curves in the LE (n = 23) and RS groups (n = 16) overlapped for the initial 3 years, but the curve for the LE group went lower beyond (p = 0.33). By contrast, there was no difference in overall survival between the two groups (p = 0.98). In the LE group, the majority of recurrences distributed in locoregional areas, which could be managed by salvage treatments. Muscular invasion was associated with recurrence after local excision (hazard ratio: 22.91, p = 0.011).

Conclusion
LE may be applied to selected patients with anal cancer of cTis-T2N0 stage. Given the high risk of recurrence in cases with muscular invasion, it may be important to consider close surveillance and additional treatment in such patients.
Genetic structure and diversity of semi-captive populations: the anomalous case of the Asian elephant
Authors: Maurer Gilles , Dubois Marie-Pierre , Oo Zaw Min , Chanthavong Vatsana , Mulot Baptiste , Gimenez Olivier , Kjellberg Finn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWild species living in captivity are subject to loss of genetic diversity, inbreeding depression, and differentiation among populations. Only very few species have been under human care for centuries but have not been selectively bred, have free-ranging movements most of the time, and retain porous barriers to gene flow between wild and captive populations. Such captive populations are expected to retain high levels of genetic diversity and anthropogenic factors should result in a limited genetic differentiation from wild populations. Asian elephants have been trained and used by humans for at least 4000 years as war animals, mounts of kings and draught animals. In Myanmar and Laos, elephants are still being used for hauling timber in the forest while retaining traditional management practices including seasonal release, free mating and movement. However, habitat fragmentation, isolation and reduced gene flows are threatening both semi-captive and wild pools. We genotyped 167 semi-captive elephants from Laos and Myanmar using a panel of 11 microsatellite loci to estimate the genetic diversity and population structure. We found that elephants of both countries presented high levels of genetic diversity and a low degree of inbreeding, if any. This agrees with the expected high level of genetic diversity in semi-captive populations. We found a weak differentiation along a geographical gradient from southern Laos to northern Myanmar but no differentiation between wild-caught and captive-born pools. The potential value for conservation of a large population of semi-captive elephants has been recognized but the conservation community has yet to fully explore the potential role semi-captive elephants could play in maintaining gene flows.
Experimental Study and CFD Modelling of Down-Reaching Flame Behaviors of Tank Fires with Large Ullage Heights
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Hu Zhenqi , Li Xinjiang , Ji Jie , Yang Rui , Zhang Jianping , Zhong Yunfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper is aimed at studying the down-reaching flame behaviors of tank fires with large ullage heights. Experiments were first conducted using a gas burner in a transparent quartz glass cylinder to simulate the large ullage and the experimental data was used to validate the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Subsequently the effects of ullage height, fuel velocity and burner diameter on the flame behaviors were examined systematically. Both experimental and numerical results showed that, for lower fuel velocities, the down-reaching flame height (hdown) is restricted by the ullage height. As the fuel velocity continues to increase exceeding a critical value, independent of the ullage height, hdown starts to decrease. For a given fuel velocity, hdown increases with an increase of the burner diameter owing to enhanced air entrainment. A detailed analysis of the flow field and oxygen concentration inside the tank at the steady burning stage was also carried out. Based on the numerical results and dimensionless analysis, a piecewise function was proposed to predict the down-reaching flame height and validated against the experimental data.
Q-Band MIMO Antennas with Circular Polarization for Spatial and Polarization Diversity
Authors: Alaa Nada , Elsayed Rania A. , Farahat Asmaa E. , Hussein Khalid F. A. , El-Deeb Walid S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present work proposes three MIMO antennas with different configurations for the future applications of wireless communications in the Q-band of the frequency to realize both spatial and polarization diversities. A circularly polarized (CP) printed antenna operating over two frequency bands at 37.8 and 50 GHz is utilized as a single element to construct the proposed MIMO antennas. Two-element MIMO antenna systems arranged in two configurations, side-by-side and face-to-face, are proposed to achieve spatial diversity. Also, a four-element MIMO antenna system is designed to achieve polarization diversity in addition to spatial diversity. The proposed MIMO antenna systems are designed with the aid of the CST simulator. The three MIMO antennas are fabricated and their performance is experimentally evaluated regarding the circular polarization, impedance matching, antenna gain, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and diversity gain (DG). The experimental results for the single-element as well as the MIMO antennas come in good agreement with simulation results showing high performance. Both the numerical and experimental investigations reveal that the mutual coupling between any two ports of the proposed MIMO antennas is below $$-25 {\text{dB}}$$

-
25
dB

. Also, for any two ports it is shown that the ECC is below $$1\times {10}^{-7}$$

1
×

10

-
7

and the diversity gain is higher than $$9.99$$

9.99

. The impedance matching bandwidths (for $$\left|{S}_{11}\right|<-10 {\text{dB}}$$

S
11

<
-
10
dB

) are shown to be $$1.53$$

1.53

and $$1.88$$

1.88

GHz at $$37.8$$

37.8

and $$50\mathrm{ GHz}$$

50
GHz

, respectively, and the corresponding 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths are $$700$$

700

and $$130\mathrm{ MHz}$$

130
MHz

, respectively.
The effect of silver nanoparticles on biological and corrosion behavior of electrophoretically deposited hydroxyapatite film on Ti6Al4V
Authors: Balaei Hassan , Ghasemi H. M. , Aghdam Rouhollah Mehdinavaz , Cheraghali B. , Sohi Mahmoud Heydarzadeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSurface modification of titanium and its alloys has been seriously considered by researchers to improve their biological behaviors, in the past few decades. In present research, hydroxyapatite (HA) based composite coatings with different concentrations of 0, 2, 4, and 6 wt% of silver (Ag) nanoparticles were electrophoretically deposited (EPD) on anodized and non-anodized Ti6Al4V, using a direct current at a voltage of 30 V for 10 min at room temperature. The specimens were then characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The cell adhesion images and cell viability results showed that HA-Ag composite coatings significantly promoted the biocompatibility of samples compared with the non-anodized and anodized Ti6Al4V. The viabilities of Mg-63 cells on HA-4%Ag coating and bi-layer coating (HA-4%Ag on anodized specimen) were approximately 91% and they were considered as the best coatings in term of biocompatibility. On the other hand, the antibacterial assessments demonstrated that HA-6%Ag coating had the best antibacterial performance compared with other samples. Furthermore, Tafel polarization curves indicated that corrosion resistance of the bi-layer coating was higher than those of the other specimens. The polarization resistance of this coating was about 7 times more than that of theTi6Al4V alloy.
Graphical Abstract
Synthesis, optical, and spectroscopic studies of bismuth boro-tellurite glass system containing BaO and V2O5
Authors: Srinivas B. , Katubi Khadijah Mohammedsaleh , Bhogi Ashok , Ahammed Sheik , Surendra T. V. , Hameed Abdul , Shareefuddin Md. , Al-Buriahi M. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA melt quenching technique was used for the preparation of xBaO–(30-x)TeO2–35Bi2O3–33B2O3–2V2O5 (5 ≤ x ≤ 25 mol%) glasses. The structural modifications are studied by X-ray diffraction, DSC, optical, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman as a function of BaO mol%. The progressive incorporation of BaO mol% in the BTBiBV glasses decreases the optical band gap values as the number of free electrons increases with the creation of additional NBOs. The FTIR spectra of the prepared glasses consist of BO3 trigonal and BO4 tetrahedral units while TeO2 changes to TeO3 andTeO4 structural units. The Raman spectra shows that the replacement of BaO with TeO2 decreases the concentration of Te–O–Te linkages within the volume of host glass, which increases the concentration of Ba–O–Te linkages along with BO3 units. Due to this, the overall glass formers connectivity decreases which intern to the creation of NBOs. Moreover, the research highlighted that BTBiBV-5 glasses have exceptional optical properties making them promising materials for photonics, optoelectronics, and optical communication device applications.
Development of a surrogate and its comprehensive compact chemical kinetic mechanism for the combustion of Alcohol-To-Jet fuel
Authors: Saraee Hossein S. , Hughes Kevin J. , Pourkashanian Mohammed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study develops a compact high-fidelity chemical kinetic mechanism for a proposed surrogate of Alcohol-To-Jet fuel, capable of modelling ignition delay time, laminar flame speed, and species concentration. A combination of 85% iso-dodecane and 15% iso-cetane by wt% that is a close approximation to the real fuel composition was selected as the ATJ surrogate to investigate the simulation of the three given combustion properties. A relatively good agreement has been observed for ignition delay, laminar flame speed, and mole fraction of some species, between the simulation by the Chemkin-Pro software package and the available experimental data in the literature. The authors suggest that this proposed surrogate with its compact validated mechanism can be used by researchers to study the combustion behaviour of ATJ fuel including the investigation on the complex geometries of combustion system such as Equivalent Reactor Network Analysis which require a compact accurate chemical kinetic mechanism.
On Ski–Snow Contact Mechanics During the Double Poling Cycle in Cross-Country Skiing
Authors: Hindér Gustav , Kalliorinne Kalle , Sandberg Joakim , Almqvist Andreas , Holmberg Hans-Christer , Larsson Roland 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOf the medals awarded during the Winter Olympics Games, most are awarded for sports involving cross-country (XC) skiing. The Double Poling (DP) technique, which is one of the sub-techniques used most frequently in XC skiing, has not yet been studied using simulations of the ski–snow contact mechanics. This work introduces a novel method for analysing how changes in the distribution of pressure on the sole of the foot (Plantar Pressure Distribution or PPD) during the DP motion affect the contact between the ski and the snow. The PPD recorded as the athlete performed DP, along with an Artificial Neural Network trained to predict the geometry of the ski (ski-camber profile), were used as input data for a solver based on the boundary element method, which models the interaction between the ski and the snow. This solver provides insights into how the area of contact and the distribution of pressure on the ski-snow interface change over time. The results reveal that variations in PPD, the type of ski, and the stiffness of the snow all have a significant impact on the contact between the ski and the snow. This information can be used to improve the Double Poling technique and make better choices of skis for specific snow conditions, ultimately leading to improved performance.
Graphical Abstract