bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Surrounding Rock Stability and Supporting Structure Effect Based on a Hydropower Station Underground Cavern
Authors: Pu Cheng , Han Bin , Li Chao , Lv Qingchao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The surrounding rock stability is a main difficult problem in the hydropower station construction and operation. Taking one hydropower station as object, FLAC 3D numerical simulation software was used to calculate the changes in surrounding rock failure zone distribution, surrounding rock strain, and block safety factor before and after supporting. The stability of the surrounding rock after excavation was analyzed and effect of the supporting structure was also evaluated. Finding that: the supporting structure can effectively improve the stability of surrounding rock. After supporting, the failure zone range, the deformation of surrounding rock, and the internal force of the supporting structure all reduced, while the safety factor of the block improved. Due to the effect of bolt, the deformation of the surrounding rock transformed from plastic to elastic, and the rebound zone of the surrounding rock increased, while the plastic and failure zone reduced. The depth of the failure zone on the downstream side is greater than that on the upstream side, and a large number of cracking zones are distributed on the downstream side. At the same time, due to the influence of cracks and geological fracture, the failure of surrounding rock around the main powerhouse is higher than that around the tailgate chamber higher than that in the main transformer chamber. The safety factor of the key blocks distributed around the main transformer chamber and the main power house improved, the sliding form of some blocks transformed from collapse to single-surface sliding.
An Analysis of Two Case Studies on the Construction of Underground Caverns-A Focus on the Tiantai Pumped Storage Station
Authors: Jing Maogui , Cheng Yongjin , Li Zheng , Gong Chao , Yan Zhongluan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical analysis of two case studies on the construction of underground caverns by FLAC3D, with a specific focus on the Tiantai Pumped Storage Power Station. During the construction period, two main problems, which are crane beam stability and rock support, have been numerically analysed and addressed. The first case study examines the influence of rock wall crane beam support on excavation stability. It has been proven that The reinforcement of connected concrete enhances integrity but may lead to localized cracking. Moreover, over-excavation reinforcement marginally improves anchor safety. The second case study investigates abnormal anchor stress in a powerhouse resulting from excavation. Recommended measures include conducting timely stability evaluations, identifying weakened zones to control rock stress relaxation effects, and establishing effective feedback mechanisms. By enhancing the safety of pumped storage power stations, promoting sustainable energy infrastructure, and improving the design and construction processes of such stations, this research paper aims to contribute to the overall development and success of these projects. In conclusion, the paper has discussed the rock wall crane beam stability and rock support effect, which implement the lack of this type of numerical analysis in underground cavern group construction. Also, it is recommended to accurately determine the rock mass mechanics parameters and timely support the excavated spaces to prevent abnormal increases in anchor stress.
A Comparative Study of Fragility Model for RC Girder Bridges and Buildings
Authors: Li Hexuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Field surveys and data on the earthquake reveal that RC (reinforced concrete) bridges and buildings have been widely found in engineering structures, with abundant samples at disposal. By taking actual seismically damaged samples in the Wenchuan Earthquake happened in 2008 as examples, the paper established probability models for fragility matrix within Intensity VH-X/XI for the said two engineering structures based on EMS-98, MSK-81 and CSIS-08, and analyzed the comparative models for failure ratio and exceedance probability curves defined by these three scales. The paper, according to these analytical findings, proposed relevant measures and methods for improving the earthquake resistance of RC bridges.
The influence of penetration and cutting speed of pipe-jacking disc cutter on its cutting force and rock-breaking efficiency
Authors: Huang Xiaoyu , Yang Dishan , Lin Shaoyuan , Jian Quanrong , Chen Xiaoxiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The disc cutter, which is essential to pipe-jacking to break rock, is the main tool used in this crucial method of tunnel building. The present research is focused on the force of the disc cutter and how well it breaks rock. This paper uses the medium-weathered granite of the Xinjing Mountain Substation - Beifeng Substation as an example to study the effects of penetration and cutting speed on the force and rock-breaking efficiency of the disc cutter. It does this by using ABAQUS to analyze the disc cutter’s operating state under various penetration and cutting speeds and to find the ideal rock-breaking efficiency. The findings demonstrate that: (1) Breaking rock is a discontinuous process that advances continuously. The rock unit beneath the disc cutter ring will change from an elastic to an elastic condition as the disc cutter moves. The rock unit beneath the disc cutter ring will undergo continuous extrusion as the disc cutter moves, changing from an elastic to a plastic state until failing as a result of damage. (2) All of the cutting forces rise as penetration and cutting speed increase, but the rolling force is more affected by penetration and vertical force by cutting speed. When the disc cutter breaks in a straight line, the side force is little. (3) The rock-breaking efficiency increases with a 4 mm penetration and a faster cutting speed.
Research on the flexural capacity of corroded recycled aggregate concrete beams by finite elements method
Authors: Zou Zhenghao , Xiao Shixiong , Chen Fang , Yang Guojiao , Zhao Lin , Wu Jin , Yang Zhiwen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, based on the experimental fitting method of recycled concrete beams with corroded rebar, finite element analysis by changing the values of factors affecting the flexural capacity was conducted. The results showed that the flexural capacity of recycled concrete beams increased with the increase of section width and height.
Seismic performance analysis of long-span continuous rigid frame bridge with Engineered Cementitious Composite at expansion joints
Authors: Yuan Jiaquan , Xiong Li , Feng Luyang , Jiang Weihong , Duan Wenhong , Li Guanrui , Li Huimei , Mou Lin , Yang Xiaohua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, OpenSees software is used to establish a numerical simulation analysis model of a long-span continuous rigid frame bridge with Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) expansion joint reinforcement scheme. The seismic response characteristics and laws of structures with ordinary concrete and ECC concrete at expansion joints are compared and analyzed, and their seismic performance is evaluated. The results show that the use of ECC material at the beam end position can effectively reduce the peak response of the structure under earthquake action and reduce the number of collisions. ECC material has a strong energy dissipation capacity and can reduce the collision damage of the beam section near the bridge expansion joint under earthquake action.
Simulation Analysis of Wind Collecting Device for A Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Zhou Li , Long Yixin , Wang Fuzi , Yang Jiangfeng , Shou Zihe , Jia Qiubing , Sun Fengyan , Yang Hailu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a wind collection device (WCD) is designed for vertical axis wind turbine, and the WCD and vertical axis wind turbine are modelled by SolidWorks software and numerically simulated by CFD software FLUENT for the WCD and vertical axis wind turbine before and after installing the WCD. The wind amplification effect of the WCD is demonstrated from different angles and the final results show that the WCD can amplify the wind speed from 5m/s to 8m/s and double the rotational speed of the wind turbine in a certain area, which is of certain reference significance in the field of wind power generation using traffic wind energy.
Damage Research of the Cut-and-Cover Tunnel under Static and Seismic Load
Authors: Wang Shupei , Li Sheng , Ma Li , Qiao Minglei , Wang Qicai , Chen Zhigang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article uses the finite element software ABAQUS to establish an damage constitutive model for cut-and-cover tunnels, which studies the damage parameters for different filling heights under static load and damage evolution under seismic load. It is found that high filling has a significant impact on the damage of cut-and-cover tunnels, and earthquake waves affect the degree and distribution of lining damage. By studying the model of setting the LRL, it was found that it can effectively reduce the degree of damage. Therefore, it is necessary to set a LRL for high backfill cut-and-cover tunnels. And the damage parameters of different parts of the cut-and-cover tunnel are analyzed, and it was found that the arch crown and arch shoulder of the cut-and-cover tunnel were the most prone to damage. Therefore, reinforcement measures should be taken in the structural design.
Study on the Seismic Performance of High-Speed Railway Extradosed Cable-Stayed Bridge Considering CRTS III Slab Ballastless Track Structure
Authors: Quan Wei , Yu Hongming , Deng Lin , Liu Xuzheng , Wang Dongsheng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the seismic damping mechanism and performance of CRTS III slab ballastless track on an isolation system extradosed cable-stayed bridge during rare earthquakes. It serves as a guide for designing slab ballastless tracks on high-speed railway extradosed cable-stayed bridges. Using a high-speed railway extradosed cable-stayed bridge as a case study, we established a Midas finite element model to optimize the track plate parameters by adjusting the fastener stiffness and plate joint length. The optimization process and method can be applied as a reference for similar bridge designs. The research findings reveal that, under rare earthquake conditions, the CRTS III slab ballastless track model (with a plate joint length of 90mm and fastener stiffness of 30kN/mm) has a minimal impact on increasing the longitudinal internal force at the pier’s base. It, at most, raises the earthquake internal force response by 5%. The model significantly reduces the overall relative displacement of the bridge pier and girder, with a notable 15.5% reduction in the relative displacement of pier 143# on the side pier. Therefore, when conducting internal force tests for the bridge, it is crucial to consider the influence of track plate restraint.
Shared pooled mobility: expert review from nine disciplines and implications for an emerging transdisciplinary research agenda
Authors: Creutzig Felix , Schmaus Alexander , Ayaragarnchanakul Eva , Becker Sophia , Falchetta Giacomo , Hu Jiawei , Goletz Mirko , Guéret Adeline , Nagel Kai , Schild Jonas , Schill Wolf-Peter , Schlenther Tilmann , Molkenthin Nora 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Shared pooled mobility has been hailed as a sustainable mobility solution that uses digital innovation to efficiently bundle rides. Multiple disciplines have started investigating and analyzing shared pooled mobility systems. However, there is a lack of cross-community communication making it hard to build upon knowledge from other fields or know which open questions may be of interest to other fields. Here, we identify and review 9 perspectives: transdisciplinary social sciences, social physics, transport simulations, urban and energy economics, psychology, climate change solutions, and the Global South research and provide a common terminology. We identify more than 25 000 papers, with more than 100 fold variation in terms of literature count between research perspectives. Our review demonstrates the intellectual attractivity of this as a novel perceived mode of transportation, but also highlights that real world economics may limit its viability, if not supported with concordant incentives and regulation. We then sketch out cross-disciplinary open questions centered around (1) optimal configuration of ride-pooling systems, (2) empirical studies, and (3) market drivers and implications for the economics of ride-pooling. We call for researchers of different disciplines to actively exchange results and views to advance a transdisciplinary research agenda.
Ultra-low loss compact active TM mode pass polarizer using phase change material in silicon waveguide
Authors: V Nishanthika , Natesan Ayyanar , Sugesh R G Jesuwanth , Siva Rajaram 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An active low-loss transverse magnetic (TM) pass polarizer, based on the phase change material (Ge2Sb2Te5), is proposed. The proposed polarizer is based on silicon-on-insulator technology that consists of a silicon waveguide that incorporates a thin layer of Si3N4 placed in-between GST. Enhancing the interaction between light and GST is achieved by strategically placing a double-layer GST adjacent to the slot waveguide. The polarizer’s tunability, on the other hand, depends on the shift in the refractive index (RI) of GST as it transitions between its crystalline and amorphous phases. By optimizing the structure, the polarizer exhibits negligible loss for both modes in the amorphous phase, and with the change of phase to crystalline, the loss of TE mode is more than 8 dB. In contrast, the loss of TM is less than 0.05 dB with a high ER of 21.82 dB, propagation length of 79.89 µm and Figure of merit reaches up to 108 at 1550 nm. Due to the combination of these performance parameters, the suggested active TM pass polarizer is an appealing and effective device for various photonic applications. In addition, the fabrication technique of the proposed active TM pass polarizer is explained.
Strong spin-phonon coupling in two-dimensional monolayer VS2 and the origin of its high-temperature magnetism
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Zhang Yunfei , Jia Minghao , Chang Pu , Guan Lixiu , Tao Junguang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Exploring intrinsic two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic (FM) semiconductors with high Curie temperatures (T
c) is an ongoing challenge. Herein, we found that the phonons of monolayer H-VS2 are strongly coupled to the magnetic ordering with the spin-phonon coupling constants (15.80 cm−1 for

A

1
g

and 78.72 cm−1 for

E

2
g

1

) an order of magnitude larger than most other 2D materials, which restricts structural reconstruction of FM ground state through spin interactions. Based on anharmonic model, the variation trend of phonon energy with temperature clearly demonstrates FM ground state at room temperature. The theoretically predicted high T
c of 303 K, closely in line with experimental observations, is correlated to the three lowest d-orbitals (i.e.

d

x
y

,

d

z
2

and

d

x
2

−

y
2

) split by the unique crystal field. The proximity of their energy levels facilitates efficient mutual virtual exchanges, which greatly prompts superexchange-driven FM coupling of adjacent spins, as confirmed by their orbital-resolved magnetic exchange coefficients. Our work validates the double-orbital model for the magnetic coupling mechanisms in 2D H-VS2, offers potentials to create novel high T
c spintronic semiconductors and paves a way for design of complex micro/nano-magnetoelectric devices.
Neural-network-designed three-qubit gates robust against charge noise and crosstalk in silicon
Authors: Kanaar David W , Kestner J P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots are a promising platform for quantum computing, however, scaling to large systems is hampered by crosstalk and charge noise. Crosstalk here refers to the unwanted off-resonant rotation of idle qubits during the resonant rotation of the target qubit. For a three-qubit system with crosstalk and charge noise, it is difficult to analytically create gate protocols that produce three-qubit gates, such as the Toffoli gate, directly in a single shot instead of through the composition of two-qubit gates. Therefore, we numerically optimize a physics-informed neural network to produce theoretically robust shaped pulses that generate a Toffoli-equivalent gate. Additionally, robust

π
2

X and Controlled-Z gates are also presented in this work to create a universal set of gates robust against charge noise. The robust pulses maintain an infidelity of 10−3 for average quasistatic fluctuations in the voltage of up to a few mV instead of tenths of mV for non-robust pulses.
Transferring predictions of formation energy across lattices of increasing size*
Authors: Lupo Pasini Massimiliano , Karabin Mariia , Eisenbach Markus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, we show the transferability of graph convolutional neural network (GCNN) predictions of the formation energy of the nickel-platinum solid solution alloy across atomic structures of increasing sizes. The original dataset was generated with the large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator using the second nearest-neighbor modified embedded-atom method empirical interatomic potential. Geometry optimization was performed on the initially randomly generated face centered cubic crystal structures and the formation energy has been calculated at each step of the geometry optimization, with configurations spanning the whole compositional range. Using data from various steps of the geometry optimization, we first trained our open-source, scalable implementation of GCNN called HydraGNN on a lattice of 256 atoms, which accounts well for the short-range interactions. Using this data, we predicted the formation energy for lattices of 864 atoms and 2048 atoms, which resulted in lower-than-expected accuracy due to the long-range interactions present in these larger lattices. We accounted for the long-range interactions by including a small amount of training data representative for those two larger sizes, whereupon the predictions of HydraGNN scaled linearly with the size of the lattice. Therefore, our strategy ensured scalability while reducing significantly the computational cost of training on larger lattice sizes.
pipesnake: generalized software for the assembly and analysis of phylogenomic datasets from conserved genomic loci
Authors: Brennan Ian G , Singhal Sonal , Al Bkhetan Ziad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Phylogenetics has moved into the era of genomics, incorporating enormous volumes of data to study questions at both shallow and deep scales. With this increase in information, phylogeneticists need new tools and skills to manipulate and analyze these data. To facilitate these tasks and encourage reproducibility, the community is increasingly moving toward automated workflows.

Results
Here we present pipesnake, a phylogenomics pipeline written in Nextflow for the processing, assembly, and phylogenetic estimation of genomic data from short-read sequences. pipesnake is an easy to use and efficient software package designed for this next era in phylogenetics.

Availability and implementation
pipesnake is publicly available on GitHub at https://github.com/AusARG/pipesnake and accompanied by documentation and a wiki/tutorial.
Conversion of single-energy CT to parametric maps of dual-energy CT using convolutional neural network
Authors: Kim Sangwook , Lee Jimin , Kim Jungye , Kim Bitbyeol , Choi Chang Heon , Jung Seongmoon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We propose a deep learning (DL) multitask learning framework using convolutional neural network for a direct conversion of single-energy CT (SECT) to 3 different parametric maps of dual-energy CT (DECT): virtual-monochromatic image (VMI), effective atomic number (EAN), and relative electron density (RED).

Methods
We propose VMI-Net for conversion of SECT to 70, 120, and 200 keV VMIs. In addition, EAN-Net and RED-Net were also developed to convert SECT to EAN and RED. We trained and validated our model using 67 patients collected between 2019 and 2020. Single-layer CT images with 120 kVp acquired by the DECT (IQon spectral CT; Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, Netherlands) were used as input, while the VMIs, EAN, and RED acquired by the same device were used as target. The performance of the DL framework was evaluated by absolute difference (AD) and relative difference (RD).

Results
The VMI-Net converted 120 kVp SECT to the VMIs with AD of 9.02 Hounsfield Unit, and RD of 0.41% compared to the ground truth VMIs. The ADs of the converted EAN and RED were 0.29 and 0.96, respectively, while the RDs were 1.99% and 0.50% for the converted EAN and RED, respectively.

Conclusions
SECT images were directly converted to the 3 parametric maps of DECT (ie, VMIs, EAN, and RED). By using this model, one can generate the parametric information from SECT images without DECT device. Our model can help investigate the parametric information from SECT retrospectively.

Advances in knowledge
DL framework enables converting SECT to various high-quality parametric maps of DECT.
Non-pharmacological interventions to improve sleep quality and quantity for hospitalized adult patients—co-produced study with surgical patient partners: systematic review
Authors: Acharya Radhika , Blackwell Sue , Simoes Joana , Harris Benjamin , Booth Lesley , Bhangu Aneel , Glasbey James 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Hospitalized patients experience sleep disruption with consequential physiological and psychological effects. Surgical patients are particularly at risk due to surgical stress and postoperative pain. This systematic review aimed to identify non-pharmacological interventions for improving sleep and exploring their effects on sleep-related and clinical outcomes.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and was preregistered on the Open Science Framework (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/EA6BN) and last updated in November 2023. Studies that evaluated non-pharmacological interventions for hospitalized, adult patients were included. Thematic content analysis was performed to identify hypothesized mechanisms of action and modes of administration, in collaboration with a patient partner. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk Of Bias (ROB) or Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools.

Results
A total of 59 eligible studies and data from 14 035 patients were included; 28 (47.5%) were randomized trials and 26 included surgical patients (10 trials). Thirteen unique non-pharmacological interventions were identified, 17 sleep measures and 7 linked health-related outcomes. Thematic analysis revealed two major themes for improving sleep in hospital inpatients: enhancing the sleep environment and utilizing relaxation and mindfulness techniques. Two methods of administration, self-administered and carer-administered, were identified. Environmental interventions, such as physical aids, and relaxation interventions, including aromatherapy, showed benefits to sleep measures. There was a lack of standardized sleep measurement and an overall moderate to high risk of bias across all studies.

Conclusions
This systematic review has identified several sleep interventions that are likely to benefit adult surgical patients, but there remains a lack of high-quality evidence to support their routine implementation.