bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter- and intra-individual variations of urinary endogenous metabolites in healthy male college students using 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Mi Park Eun , Lee Eunil , Jin Joo Hyun , Oh Eunha , Lee Joohyun , Lee Ji-Sung 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: Most human metabolomics studies have shown that spectral outputs of: We recruited 30 male college students to evaluate the factors affecting intra- and inter-individual variations in urinary endogenous metabolites. Statistical analysis for variations in urinary metabolites was performed after eliminating outliers found in principal component analysis (PCA) plots.: Inter-individual variations were relatively low for 2-oxoglutarate, succinate, citrate, dimethylglycine, and taurine, but high for trimethylaminoxide (TMAO), hippurate, and lactate. Intra-individual variations for 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, dimethylglycine, and taurine were relatively low, but high for TMAO and hippurate. The factors affecting inter-individual variation of lactate were age, body mass index, beverages, and alcohol, whereas the factors affecting intra-individual variation of lactate were age and fish.: Our results showed that inter- and intra-individual variations in urinary endogenous metabolites were very large, and significant factors affecting inter- and intra-individual variation were diverse, even after eliminating outliers in PCA analysis.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:188–94.
Preanalytical errors in primary healthcare: a questionnaire study of information search procedures, test request management and test tube labelling
Authors: Söderberg Johan , Brulin Christine , Grankvist Kjell , Wallin Olof 
Published: February 2009

Abstract: Most errors in laboratory medicine occur in the preanalytical phase and are the result of human mistakes. This study investigated information search procedures, test request management and test tube labelling in primary healthcare compared to the same procedures amongst clinical laboratory staff.: A questionnaire was completed by 317 venous blood sampling staff in 70 primary healthcare centres and in two clinical laboratories (response rate = 94%).: Correct procedures were not always followed. Only 60% of the primary healthcare staff reported that they always sought information in the updated, online laboratory manual. Only 12% reported that they always labelled the test tubes prior to drawing blood samples. No major differences between primary healthcare centres and clinical laboratories were found, except for test tube labelling, whereby the laboratory staff reported better practices. Re-education and access to documented routines were not clearly associated with better practices.: The preanalytical procedure in the surveyed primary healthcare centres was associated with a risk of errors which could affect patient safety. To improve patient safety in laboratory testing, all healthcare providers should survey their preanalytical procedures and improve the total testing process with a systems perspective.Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:195–201.
Excitation functions of proton induced reactions on natural selenium up to 62 MeV
Authors: El-Azony Khalid , Suzuki Kazutoshi , Fukumura Toshimitsu , Szélecsényi Ferenc , Kovács Zoltán 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Excitation functions of proton induced nuclear reactions on natSe leading to the formation of the radionuclides 82,80m,77,76,75Br, 75,73Se and 77,76,72,71As were measured from their respective thresholds up to 62 MeV. The selenium targets were prepared by vacuum deposition onto thin Al-backings. For the cross section measurements the conventional stacked-foil technique was used. Irradiations were performed at the AVF 930 cyclotron of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences in Chiba, Japan. Our results were compared with the available data in the literature, and some of the literature data obtained using isotopically enriched targets were used to validate our data. The experimental data sets generally showed good agreement. Integral yields of 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 80mBr and 82Br were derived from the measured cross section data. The yield of 80mBr is quite high but, due to associated radionuclidic impurities, it is not meaningful to produce 80mBr using natSe as target material.
Genomewide Patterns of Substitution in Adaptively Evolving Populations of the RNA Bacteriophage MS2
Authors: Betancourt Andrea J 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Experimental evolution of bacteriophage provides a powerful means of studying the genetics of adaptation, as every substitution contributing to adaptation can be identified and characterized. Here, I use experimental evolution of MS2, an RNA bacteriophage, to study its adaptive response to a novel environment. To this end, three lines of MS2 were adapted to rapid growth and lysis at cold temperature for a minimum of 50 phage generations and subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Using this system, I identified adaptive substitutions, monitored changes in frequency of adaptive mutations through the course of the experiment, and measured the effect on phage growth rate of each substitution. All three lines showed a substantial increase in fitness (a two- to threefold increase in growth rate) due to a modest number of substitutions (three to four). The data show some evidence that the substitutions occurring early in the experiment have larger beneficial effects than later ones, in accordance with the expected diminishing returns relationship between the fitness effects of a mutation and its order of substitution. Patterns of molecular evolution seen here—primarily a paucity of hitchhiking mutations—suggest an abundant supply of beneficial mutations in this system. Nevertheless, some beneficial mutations appear to have been lost, possibly due to accumulation of beneficial mutations on other genetic backgrounds, clonal interference, and negatively epistatic interactions with other beneficial mutations.
Approximate Bayesian Computation Without Summary Statistics: The Case of Admixture
Authors: Sousa Vitor C , Fritz Marielle , Beaumont Mark A , Chikhi Lounès 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
In recent years approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods have become popular in population genetics as an alternative to full-likelihood methods to make inferences under complex demographic models. Most ABC methods rely on the choice of a set of summary statistics to extract information from the data. In this article we tested the use of the full allelic distribution directly in an ABC framework. Although the ABC techniques are becoming more widely used, there is still uncertainty over how they perform in comparison with full-likelihood methods. We thus conducted a simulation study and provide a detailed examination of ABC in comparison with full likelihood in the case of a model of admixture. This model assumes that two parental populations mixed at a certain time in the past, creating a hybrid population, and that the three populations then evolve under pure drift. Several aspects of ABC methodology were investigated, such as the effect of the distance metric chosen to measure the similarity between simulated and observed data sets. Results show that in general ABC provides good approximations to the posterior distributions obtained with the full-likelihood method. This suggests that it is possible to apply ABC using allele frequencies to make inferences in cases where it is difficult to select a set of suitable summary statistics and when the complexity of the model or the size of the data set makes it computationally prohibitive to use full-likelihood methods.
Comparison of postoperative complications following bone harvesting from two different donor sites for autologous bone replacement (hipbone and proximal epiphysis of the tibia)
Authors: Bogdán Sándor , Németh Zsolt , Huszár Tamás , Ujpál Márta , Barabás József , Szabó György 
Published: February 2009

Míg a múltban az autológ csontpótlást a maxillofacialis sebészetben szinte csak a mandibuladefektusok helyreállítására és a hasadékos betegek oszteoplasztikájához alkalmazták, addig ma már inkább implantológiai célokra használják fel a saját csont (spongiosa vagy corticalis, vagy mindkettő) szabad transzplantációját. A csontpótlás arany standardját még mindig az autológ csont jelenti. Ez annak ellenére így van, hogy a csontpótlók széles választéka áll rendelkezésre, és velük egyes esetekben a saját csonttal egyenértékű új csontot lehet képezni. Autológ csontot gyakran intraoralis forrásokból nyernek, de ha nagyobb mennyiségű spongiosára van szükség, ezek a helyek (mentum, alsó állcsont retromolaris területe, processus muscularis stb.) nem megfelelőek. Az extraoralis donorhelyek közül a leggyakrabban használt terület a crista ilei, de a tibia proximalis epiphysise is megfelelő erre a célra. Tekintettel arra, hogy intézetünkben az utóbbi időben mindkét helyről aránylag nagyobb számú betegen végeztünk csonttranszplantációt, a két donorhely morbiditási adatait kívántuk összehasonlítani. 2007. március és 2007. november között (tehát kilenc hónap alatt) 14 beteg esetében végeztünk tibiából vett csonttal sinuselevációt. Harmincnyolc beteg esetében vetünk crista ileiből csontot hasadék-oszteoplasztika miatt. Az összehasonlítás alapjául a posztoperatív klinikai vizsgálatok, a betegek panaszai és a donorhely morbiditásának objektív vizsgálata szolgált. Klinikailag a betegek mindkét műtétet jól tolerálták. A beavatkozás napján a mobilizálás megtörtént, lényeges posztoperatív szövődmény nem volt. Mindkét típusú műtét után 1-1 esetben kisebb haematoma jelentkezett. A betegek posztoperatív panaszai között lényeges különbség volt: a crista ileiből történő csontvétel után a járás még 10-14 napig – bár egyre kisebb mértékben, de – nehezített volt. A tibia esetében két nap múlva a betegeknek járáskor nem voltak fájdalmai. A donorhely morbiditása tekintetében a csípőműtét után elhúzódó (1-2 hét) ödéma, egy esetben a n. cutaneus femoris lateralis beidegzési területének paresztéziája jelentkezett, míg a tibia esetében csupán egy esetben észleltünk kisebb seromát. Klinikai tapasztalataink alapján megállapíthatjuk, hogy amennyiben augmentáció céljából 10-15 cm³ spongiosát szeretnénk nyerni, és nincs szükség corticalisra, a beteg számára kevésbé megterhelő a csontot a tibia proximalis epiphysiséből nyerni.
Dual Inhibition of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathway with Cetuximab and Erlotinib: A Phase I Study in Patients with Advanced Solid Malignancies
Authors: Guarino Michael J. , Schneider Charles J. , Hosford Martha A. , Brahmer Julie R. , Rudin Charles M. , Finckenstein Friedrich Graf , Philip-Norton Robyn E. , Lu Haolan , Weber Martin R. , Ettinger David S. 
Published: February 2009

Abstract

Purpose.
To determine the optimal dose of the antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab that can be safely administered in combination with a standard daily dose of erlotinib in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

Patients and Methods.
Patients with advanced solid malignancies who had failed standard chemotherapies received escalating doses of cetuximab without a loading dose (100, 200, 250 mg/m2 i.v. weekly) in combination with a fixed dose of erlotinib (150 mg daily orally) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Results.
Twenty-two patients were treated, including 14 patients (64%) with non-small cell lung cancer. Twenty patients received combination treatment at the highest dose level for a median of 5.5 weeks (range, 1–31 weeks). One dose-limiting toxicity was observed: grade 3 skin rash. Overall, the most common adverse events (any grade, grade 3/4) were consistent with the safety profiles of the individual drugs: acneform rash (100%, 9%), diarrhea (77%, 5%), and hypomagnesemia (59%, 12%). Seven of 18 evaluable patients (38.9%) had stable disease lasting for a median of 16.6 weeks (range, 6.1–25.1 weeks).

Conclusion.
Dual EGFR inhibition with cetuximab and erlotinib is feasible; the observed toxicities were manageable and consistent with the safety profiles of the individual drugs. The recommended doses for phase II studies are 250 mg/m2 i.v. weekly for cetuximab and 150 mg daily orally for erlotinib.
Oligodendrogliomas: Molecular Biology and Treatment
Authors: Bromberg Jacolien E. C. , van den Bent Martin J. 
Published: February 2009

Learning Objectives
Evaluate the current challenges in the histological diagnosis of oligodendroglial tumors and apply best practices to optimize patient outcomes. Analyze the molecular alterations in different subsets of tumors with oligodendroglial morphology. Formulate treatment options for your patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent oligodendroglial tumors.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com.
All in the Family: Mental Health Spillover Effects between Working Spouses
Authors: Fletcher Jason 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
It is well documented that mental health outcomes are correlated between spouses. There are several alternative hypotheses for this correlation, including both causal and non-causal pathways. In this paper, I use an instrumental variables/fixed effects approach to examine whether there is evidence that an individual's mental health status spills over on his or her spouse's mental health status. Results from the IV-FE specifications that use spousal job problems as an instrument are large in magnitude. In particular, spousal mental health status is estimated to have a greater influence on an individual's mental health status than his or her own mental health endowment and is similar in magnitude with his or her own physical health status. Although not conclusive, these findings suggest that within-family spillovers of mental illness could be economically important and that policies that reduce mental health problems for individuals likely have unmeasured benefits for their family members.
PbS nanostructures synthesized via surfactant assisted mechanochemical route
Authors: Baláž Peter , Pourghahramani Parviz , Dutková Erika , Fabián Martin , Kováč Jaroslav , Šatka Alexander 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPbS nanocrystals using surfactant assisted mechanochemical route has been successfully prepared. The methods of XRD, SEM, surface area and particle size measurements were used for nanocrystals characterization. The XRD patterns confirmed the presence of galena PbS (JCPDS 5–592) whatever treatment conditions were applied. The strong observable peaks indicate the highly crystalline nature in formation of PbS nanostructures where preferential crystal growth in the (200) direction after chelating agent (EDTANa2•2H2O) addition has been observed. The mean volume weighted crystallite size 4.9 nm and 35 nm has been calculated from XRD data using Williamson-Hall method for PbS synthesized without and/or with chelating agent, respectively corresponding with surface weighted crystallites sizes of 2.9 and 18.8 nm. The sample prepared without surfactant yields the smaller crystallites and the higher microstrain compared with surfactant assisted synthesis. The obtained results illustrate a possibility to manipulate crystal morphology by combining effect of milling and surfactant application.
Synthesis, characterization and effect of microstructure on slurry erosion resistance of cast Fe-TiC composites
Authors: Manoj MK , Galgali RK , Nath SK , Ray S 
Published: February 2009

Fe-TiC composites containing varying amounts of TiC particles have been synthesized by casting route. This is achieved by carbothermic reduction of ilmenite ore along with varying amount of steel scrap in a plasma reactor in one step. Three composites containing TiC particles varying from 4 to 9% have been prepared. Microstructures of composites show TiC particles in the matrix of transformed ledeburite (pearlite and cementite). Distribution of TiC particles has been found to be satisfactorily uniform and size varies from 2 to 3 microns. Composite having 9 vol% has shown non-uniform distribution of TiC particles and size variation from 2 to 8 microns. In 9% TiC composites, graphite flakes have also been found. It has also been observed that composite having TiC content greater than 9 % becomes very difficult to cast because of higher viscosity of the melt during pouring. These composites have been characterized by hardness measurement, optical microscopy, FESEM, and XRD. Hardness of these composites has been found to depend on vol.% of TiC and on the nature of the matrix. Slurry erosion test has shown higher erosion resistance in castings with lesser porosity, optimum vol% of TiC, and in the matrix of transformed ledeburite. Presence of graphite in the matrix lowers slurry erosion resistance of the cast composite. Keywords: Fe-TiC composite, Carbothermic reduction, Graphite, Slurry wear. Â Â doi:10.3329/jname.v5i1.1825 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Vol. 5, No.Â 1 (June, 2008) 19-26.
Association studies and gene expression analyses of the DISC1‐interacting molecules, pericentrin 2 (PCNT2) and DISC1‐binding zinc finger protein (DBZ), with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder
Authors: Anitha Ayyappan , Nakamura Kazuhiko , Yamada Kazuo , Iwayama Yoshimi , Toyota Tomoko , Takei Nori , Iwata Yasuhide , Suzuki Katsuaki , Sekine Yoshimoto , Matsuzaki Hideo , Kawai Masayoshi , Thanseem Ismail , Miyoshi Ko , Katayama Taiichi , Matsuzaki Shinsuke , Baba Kousuke , Honda Akiko , Hattori Tsuyoshi , Shimizu Shoko , Kumamoto Natsuko , Kikuchi Mitsuru , Tohyama Masaya , Yoshikawa Takeo , Mori Norio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDisrupted‐in‐Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) and its molecular cascade have been implicated in the pathophysiology of major psychoses. Previously, we identified pericentrin 2 (PCNT2) and DISC1‐binding zinc finger protein (DBZ) as binding partners of DISC1; further, we observed elevated expression of PCNT2 in the postmortem brains and in the lymphocytes of bipolar disorder patients, compared to controls. Here, we examined the association of PCNT2 with schizophrenia in a case–control study of Japanese cohorts. We also examined the association of DBZ with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder, and compared the mRNA levels of DBZ in the postmortem brains of schizophrenia, bipolar and control samples. DNA from 180 schizophrenia patients 201 controls were used for the association study of PCNT2 and DBZ with schizophrenia. Association of DBZ with bipolar disorder was examined in DNA from 238 bipolar patients and 240 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. We observed significant allelic and genotypic associations of the PCNT2 SNPs, rs2249057, rs2268524, and rs2073380 (Ser/Arg) with schizophrenia; the association of rs2249057 (P = 0.002) withstand multiple testing correction. Several two SNP‐ and three SNP‐haplotypes showed significant associations; the associations of haplotypes involving rs2249057 withstand multiple testing correction. No associations were observed for DBZ with schizophrenia or with bipolar disorder; further, there was no significant difference between the DBZ mRNA levels of control, schizophrenia and bipolar postmortem brains. We suggest a possible role of PCNT2 in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Abnormalities of PCNT2, the centrosomal protein essential for microtubule organization, may be suggested to lead to neurodevelopmental abnormalities. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self‐Assembly of Fivefold‐Symmetric Molecules on a Threefold‐Symmetric Surface
Authors: Guillermet Olivier , Niemi Eeva , Nagarajan Samuthira , Bouju Xavier , Martrou David , Gourdon André , Gauthier Sébastien 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBuckybowls: Mithilfe von Rastertunnelmikroskopie und Strukturberechnungen wurde die Adsorption von Penta‐tert‐butylcorannulen (mit fünfzähliger Symmetrie) auf einer Cu(111)‐Oberfläche (mit dreizähliger Symmetrie) untersucht. Abhilfe wegen der nicht passenden Symmetrien schafft die Bildung von Untereinheiten aus drei Molekülen mit dreizähliger Symmetrie, die zusammen mit Einzelmolekülen die Ebene nahezu perfekt bedecken (siehe Bild).magnified image
Erdbautechnische Untersuchungen zur Qualitätssicherung der 1000 km langen Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke Wuhan–Guangzhou
Authors: Tang Xiaoguang , Hu Yifeng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractZur Qualitätssicherung des Erdbaus für die 1000km lange Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrecke Wuhan–Guangzhou (WGPDL) in China wurden umfangreiche erdbautechnische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Dabei wurden sowohl die Chinesischen Vorschriften als auch die deutschen Standards bzw. Erfahrungen für den Erdbau der HGS herangezogen. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden exemplarisch die Ergebnisse der Eignungsuntersuchungen für ein natürliches Schüttmaterial hinsichtlich der Dauerhaftigkeit unter vorgesehenen Einwirkungen vorgestellt. Danach werden die Ergebnisse der vergleichenden Labor‐ und Felduntersuchungen von vier ausgewählten Schüttmaterialien für die Prüfparameter der Dichte und Tragfähigkeit beschrieben. Mit den Erkenntnissen aus diesen Untersuchungen wurde eine wesentliche Basis für die Qualitätssicherung des Erdbaus in WGPDL geschaffen (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Modeling a granule‐based anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (ANAMMOX) process
Authors: Ni Bing‐Jie , Chen You‐Peng , Liu Shao‐Yang , Fang Fang , Xie Wen‐Ming , Yu Han‐Qing 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA mathematical model was developed to describe the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process in a granular upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. ANAMMOX granules were cultivated in the UASB reactor by seeding aerobic granules. The granule‐based reactor had a great N‐loading resistant capacity. The model simulation results on the 1‐year reactor performance matched the experimental data well. The yield coefficient for the growth and the decay rate coefficient of the ANAMMOX granules were estimated to be 0.164 g COD g−1 N and 0.00016 h−1, respectively. With this model, the effects of process parameters on the reactor performance were evaluated. Results showed that the optimum granule diameter for the maximum N‐removal should be between 1.0 and 1.3 mm and that the optimum N loading rate should be 0.8 kg N m−3 d−1. In addition, the substrate micro‐profiles in the ANAMMOX granules were measured with a microelectrode to explore the diffusion dynamics within the granules, and the measured profiles matched the predicted results well. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 490–499. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Refolding of lactate dehydrogenase by zeolite beta
Authors: Togashi Hideaki , Nara Takayuki , Sekikawa Chisato , Kawakami Masayuki , Yaginuma Nakatsugu , Tsunoda Tatsuo , Sakaguchi Kengo , Mizukami Fujio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe used zeolite beta as an adsorbing matrix to refold recombinant lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) protein collected as an insoluble aggregate from a bacterial expression system. The adsorption isotherm revealed that 1 g of zeolite adsorbed 200 mg of denatured LDH solubilized with a buffer containing 6 M of guanidine hydrochloride. The pH of the buffer had little effect on the adsorption, but this property was abolished by preincubation of the zeolite with polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a weight ratio of 1:10. These data suggest that the adsorption of LDH depends on the hydrophobicity of the zeolite surface, and that the adsorption of PEG to zeolite is sufficient to release LDH from its surface. LDH was thus released by refolding buffer containing PEG and arginine, and soluble LDH was obtained in its active enzymatic form. The addition of arginine dramatically increased the yield of LDH in a dose‐dependent manner. The overall refolding efficiency was optimized to 35%. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009