bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the response of yielding seismically isolated structures
Authors: Kikuchi Masaru , Black Cameron J. , Aiken Ian D. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper investigates the seismic response of yielding isolated structures. To establish a general understanding of the nonlinear response of seismically isolated structures, this study first investigates the nonlinear response of isolated structures subjected to steady‐state harmonic motion and nonlinear transient ground excitation. The response of both viscously damped and hysteretically damped isolation systems is investigated in three phases. Initially, basic insights are gained through simple nonlinear two degrees of freedom (2‐DOF) models subjected to harmonic motion of varying frequencies. Next, the transient response analysis of the nonlinear 2‐DOF model is investigated for a wide range of isolation system and superstructure properties. The results obtained from both approaches indicate that the yielding behavior of a structure on an isolation system is significantly different from that of the comparable fixed‐base structure. Finally, the response of the nonlinear 2‐DOF system model is compared with that of a 15‐story, three‐dimensional model. Based on the results of these analytical investigations, some important considerations for the design of seismically isolated structures are presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incorporating feelings related to the uncertainty about future health in utility measurement
Authors: Gandjour Afschin 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe cost‐effectiveness of health‐care interventions is often evaluated using quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) as a measure of outcome. QALYs are valid representations of welfare only under the questionable assumption of additive independence of utility of health states across time periods. Therefore, some alternatives to QALYs have been proposed, among them healthy‐year equivalents (HYEs) (Med. Decis. Making 1989; 9(2):142–149) and a semi‐separable utility function (SSUF) (J. Health Econ. 2005; 24(1):33–54). This paper shows that HYEs using a single probability‐equivalent standard gamble (SG) question measure the same health construct as the SSUF, which uses a series of probability‐equivalent SG questions. The underlying assumption is that final health states are independent of initial health states. In contrast to the SSUF, however, HYEs are not bound by this assumption and also avoid propagating bias in the measurement of SG utilities from one question to the next. This paper also shows that both approaches can incorporate feelings related to the uncertainty about future health and capture them by using certainty equivalent questions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shyness and emotion‐processing skills in preschoolers: a 6‐month longitudinal study
Authors: Strand Paul S. , Cerna Sandra , Downs Andrew 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe present study utilized a short‐term longitudinal research design to examine the hypothesis that shyness in preschoolers is differentially related to different aspects of emotion processing. Using teacher reports of shyness and performance measures of emotion processing, including (1) facial emotion recognition, (2) non‐facial emotion recognition, and (3) emotional perspective‐taking, we examined 337 Head Start attendees twice at a 24‐week interval. Results revealed significant concurrent and longitudinal relationships between shyness and facial emotion recognition, and either minimal or non‐existent relationships between shyness and the other aspects of emotion processing. Correlational analyses of concurrent assessments revealed that shyness predicted poorer facial emotion recognition scores for negative emotions (sad, angry, and afraid), but not a positive emotion (happy). Analyses of change over time, on the other hand, revealed that shyness predicted change in facial emotion recognition scores for all four measured emotions. Facial emotion recognition scores did not predict changes in shyness. Results are discussed with respect to expanding the scope of research on shyness and emotion processing to include time‐dependent studies that allow for the specification of developmental processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hepatitis B and C virus infection and the risk of biliary tract cancer: A population‐based study in China
Authors: Hsing Ann W. , Zhang Mingdong , Rashid Asif , McGlynn Katherine A. , Wang Bing‐Shen , Niwa Shelley , Ortiz‐Conde Betty A. , Goedert James J. , Fraumeni Joseph F. , O'Brien Thomas R. , Gao Yu‐Tang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractEmerging data suggest that chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections may also play a role in extrahepatic bile duct cancers. To test the HBV hypothesis, we examined the relationship of HBV/HCV infection with risks of biliary tract cancer and biliary stones in a population‐based case‐control study conducted in Shanghai, China. Standard assays were used to detect HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti‐HBc) and hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) in sera from 417 patients with biliary tract cancers, 517 with biliary stones, and 762 healthy controls randomly selected from the population. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each disease type. HBsAg seroprevalence was 7.3% among population controls and 14.2% among patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer, resulting in a 2.4‐fold risk of extrahepatic bile duct cancer (95% CI 1.2–4.5). No association was found for cancers of the gallbladder (prevalence 8.2%) or the ampulla of Vater (6.1%), or for stones in the gallbladder (10.1%) or bile duct (9.3%). Further adjustment for education, smoking, body mass index, diabetes and gallstones did not materially change the results. Prevalence of HCV infection in this population was low (2%), limiting our ability to detect an association with biliary diseases. In Shanghai, an HBV endemic area, chronic HBV infection was associated with a 2.4‐fold risk of extrahepatic bile duct cancer. These results should be confirmed in other populations with varying risks of HBV and HCV infection. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BAC array CGH distinguishes mutually exclusive alterations that define clinicogenetic subtypes of gliomas
Authors: Idbaih Ahmed , Marie Yannick , Lucchesi Carlo , Pierron Gaëlle , Manié Elodie , Raynal Virginie , Mosseri Véronique , Hoang‐Xuan Khê , Kujas Michèle , Brito Isabel , Mokhtari Karima , Sanson Marc , Barillot Emmanuel , Aurias Alain , Delattre Jean‐Yves , Delattre Olivier 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe pathological classification of gliomas constitutes a critical step of the clinical management of patients, yet it is frequently challenging. To assess the relationship between genetic abnormalities and clinicopathological characteristics, we have performed a genetic and clinical analysis of a series of gliomas. A total of 112 gliomas were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization on a BAC array with a 1 megabase resolution. Altered regions were identified and correlation analysis enabled to retrieve significant associations and exclusions. Whole chromosomes (chrs) 1p and 19q losses with centromeric breakpoints and EGFR high level amplification were found to be mutually exclusive, permitting identification of 3 distinct, nonoverlapping groups of tumors with striking clinicopathological differences. Type A tumors with chrs 1p and 19q codeletion exhibited an oligodendroglial phenotype and a longer patient survival. Type B tumors were characterized by EGFR amplification. They harbored a WHO high grade of malignancy and a short patient survival. Finally, type C tumors displayed none of the previous patterns but the presence of chr 7 gain, chr 9p deletion and/or chr 10 loss. It included astrocytic tumors in patients younger than in type B and whose prognosis was highly dependent upon the number of alterations. A multivariate analysis based on a Cox model shows that age, WHO grade and genomic type provide complementary prognostic informations. Finally, our results highlight the potential of a whole‐genome analysis as an additional diagnostic in cases of unclear conventional genetic findings. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temporal trends in the incidence rate of childhood cancer in Germany 1987–2004
Authors: Spix Claudia , Eletr Dina , Blettner Maria , Kaatsch Peter 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe German Childhood Cancer Registry regularly presents graphs of childhood cancer incidence rates by period, but no systematic analysis. The Automated Childhood Cancer Information System‐project found an increasing trend in Europe. Against this background we present the first detailed trend analysis of childhood (aged under 15) malignancies in Germany. We examined incidence rates separately in western Germany 1987–2004 and eastern Germany 1991–2004. We analyzed all malignancies, all main diagnostic groups and relevant subsets using an age‐period‐cohort model. Additionally we fitted fractional polynomials to assess the linearity of the drift. All malignancies combined (excluding Central Nervous System‐tumors and neuroblastoma) show a significant trend: +0.7% in western and +1.1% per year in eastern Germany. The overall trend in Germany is mostly due to the significant increase in lymphoid leukemia, which increased significantly in western Germany (+0.7% per year) and significantly nonlinearly in eastern Germany (+3.3% per year until 1998, +0.8% since 1998), catching up from a level 20% below western Germany. This could be due to life style changes since the reunification in eastern Germany influencing early immune system training. We found no trends for acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease shows a cohort effect in western Germany after reunification. Improved registration of CNS tumors led to an increase. Neuroblastoma yielded a period effect in western Germany due to screening. With the exception of germ cell tumors, further observations for solid tumor entities are in agreement with those reported for Europe. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Birth‐related characteristics, congenital malformation, maternal reproductive history and neuroblastoma: The ESCALE study (SFCE)
Authors: Munzer Caroline , Menegaux Florence , Lacour Brigitte , Valteau‐Couanet Dominique , Michon Jean , Coze Carole , Bergeron Christophe , Auvrignon Anne , Bernard Frédéric , Thomas Caroline , Vannier Jean‐Pierre , Kanold Justyna , Rubie Hervé , Hémon Denis , Clavel Jacqueline 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSince neuroblastoma occurs very early in children's lives, it has been hypothesized that pre‐ and perinatal factors may play a role in its etiology. This study investigated the role of birth characteristics, congenital malformation and maternal reproductive history in neuroblastoma. The data used were generated by the national population‐based case–control study, ESCALE, conducted in France in 2003–2004. The mothers of 191 neuroblastoma cases and 1,681 controls, frequency‐matched by age and gender, were interviewed by telephone, using a standardized questionnaire, on several factors including pregnancy, medical history, lifestyle, childhood medical conditions and exposures. A positive association between congenital malformation and all neuroblastoma cases was observed [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.2, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.1–4.5]. Congenital malformations were highly associated to neuroblastoma in children aged less than 1 year (OR = 16.8, 95% CI: 3.1–90), while no association was observed in children aged 1 year or more (OR = 1.0, 95% CI: 0.3–2.9). A negative association with a maternal history of spontaneous abortions was also found (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4–0.9). The results strongly support the hypothesis that congenital anomalies may be associated with neuroblastoma, particularly in infant (less than 1 year of age). © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors induce apoptosis in sinonasal cancer cells by increased expression of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐activated gene
Authors: Kim Jeong Hong , Chang Jung Hyun , Rhee Kwang‐Hyeon , Yoon Joo‐Heon , Kwon Soon Ho , Song Keejae , Lee Kun Wayn , Cho Chang Il , Jeon Ju Hyun , Kim Kyung‐Su 
Published: December 2007

AbstractNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐activated gene‐1 (NAG‐1) has recently been shown to be induced by nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to have proapoptotic and antitumorigenic activities. Although sulindac sulfide induced apoptosis in sinonasal cancer cells, the relationship between NAG‐1 and NSAIDs has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the induction of apoptosis in sinonasal cancer cells treated by various NSAIDs and the role of NAG‐1 expression in this induction. The effect of NSAIDs on normal human nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells was also examined to evaluate their safety on normal cells. Finally, thein vivoanti‐tumorigenic activity of NSAIDs in mice was investigated. In AMC‐HN5 human sinonasal carcinoma cells, indomethacin was the most potent NAG‐1 inducer and caused NAG‐1 expression in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. The induction of NAG‐1 expression preceded the induction of apoptosis. Conditioned medium from NAG‐1‐overexpressingDrosophilacells inhibited proliferation of sinonasal cancer cells and induced apoptosis. In addition, in NAG‐1 small interfering RNA‐transfected cells, apoptosis induced by indomethacin was suppressed. In contrast, NAG‐1 expression and apoptosis were not induced by NSAIDs or conditioned medium in NHNE cells. Furthermore, indomethacin induced a dose‐dependentin vivoincrease in the expression of NAG‐1 mRNA in the mice tumors and the volume of xenograft tumors of AMC‐HN5 cells in indomethacin‐treated nude mice was reduced compared to that in control mice. In conclusion, indomethacin exerts proapoptotic and antitumorigenic effects in sinonasal cancer cells through the induction of NAG‐1 and can be considered a safe and effective chemopreventive agent against sinonasal cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum lipid levels and the risk of biliary tract cancers and biliary stones: A population‐based study in China
Authors: Andreotti Gabriella , Chen Jinbo , Gao Yu‐Tang , Rashid Asif , Chang Shih‐Chen , Shen Ming‐Chang , Wang Bing‐Sheng , Han Tian‐Quan , Zhang Bai‐He , Danforth Kim N. , Althuis Michelle D. , Hsing Ann W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBiliary tract cancers, encompassing the gallbladder, extrahepatic bile ducts and ampulla of Vater, are rare but highly fatal malignancies. Gallstones, the predominant risk factor for biliary cancers, are linked with hyperlipidemia. As part of a population‐based case‐control study conducted in Shanghai, China, we examined the associations of serum lipid levels with biliary stones and cancers. We included 460 biliary cancer cases (264 gallbladder, 141 extrahepatic bile duct, and 55 ampulla of Vater), 981 biliary stone cases and 858 healthy individuals randomly selected from the population. Participants completed an in‐person interview and gave overnight fasting blood samples. Participants in the highest quintile of triglycerides (≥160 mg/dl) had a 1.4‐fold risk of biliary stones (95% CI = 1.1–1.9), a 1.9‐fold risk of gallbladder cancer (95% CI = 1.3–2.8), and a 4.8‐fold risk of bile duct cancer (95% CI = 2.8–8.1), compared to the reference group (third quintile: 90–124 mg/dl). Participants in the lowest quintile of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) (<30 mg/dl) had a 4.2‐fold risk of biliary stones (95% CI = 3.0–6.0), an 11.6‐fold risk of gallbladder cancer (95% CI = 7.3–18.5), and a 16.8‐fold risk of bile duct cancer (95% CI = 9.1–30.9), relative to the reference group (third quintile: 40–49 mg/dl). In addition, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein A (apo A) were inversely associated with biliary stones; whereas low levels as well as high levels of total cholesterol, LDL, apo A and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were associated with excess risks of biliary tract cancers. Our findings support a role for serum lipids in gallstone development and biliary carcinogenesis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Colorectal cancer cells express functional cell surface‐bound TGFβ
Authors: Baker Kristi , Raut Pooja , Jass Jeremy R. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDisruptions to the TGFβ signaling pathway have been implicated in most human adenocarcinomas. In addition to its role in cancer cell migration and metastasis, TGFβ has been implicated in tumor‐mediated immunosuppression. Membrane‐bound TGFβ has previously been reported to be expressed on a subset of regulatory T cells and was shown to be critical to their immune suppressive function. In the present study, we document expression of a signaling competent, endogenously derived form of cell surface‐bound TGFβ on colorectal cancer cells. While antibodies against only the mature form of TGFβ failed to label cells, surface‐bound TGFβ was clearly detected by antibodies specific for both the latent and mature forms of the cytokine. Confirming the notion that the surface TGFβ was in latent form, brief acid pulsing of the cells increased the amount of detectable membrane‐associated TGFβ. In coculture assays, this cell‐bound TGFβ could be activated and utilized in a paracrine fashion both by other cancer cells and by CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. This effect was abrogated by the use of a furin inhibitor which decreased the membranous expression of TGFβ on the tumor cells. Signaling competent membrane‐bound TGFβ on cancer cells is thus likely to be a key player in regulating tumor cell interactions with each other as well as with other cells in their microenvironment. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Architecture of an in vivo‐tissue engineered autologous conduit “Biovalve”
Authors: Hayashida Kyoko , Kanda Keiichi , Oie Tomonori , Okamoto Yoshihiro , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Onoyama Masaaki , Tajikawa Tsutomu , Ohba Kenkichi , Yaku Hitoshi , Nakayama Yasuhide 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAs a practical concept of regenerative medicine, we have focused on in vivo tissue engineering utilizing the foreign body reaction. Plastic substrates for valvular leaflet organization, consisting of two pieces assembled with a small aperture were inserted into a microporous polyurethane conduit scaffold. The assembly was placed in the subcutaneous spaces of Japanese white rabbits for 1 month. After the substrates were pulled out from the harvested implant, valve leaflet‐shaped membranous tissue was formed inside the tubular scaffold as designed. The valve leaflet was composed of the same collagen‐rich tissue, with the absence of any elastic fiber, as that which had ingrown or covered the scaffold. No abnormal collection or infiltration of inflammatory cells in the leaflet and the scaffold could be demonstrated. According to the immunohistochemical staining, the leaflet was comprised of numerous vimentin‐ or α‐SMA‐positive cells, corresponding to fibroblasts or myofibroblats, but contained no desmin‐positive cells. The analysis of the video data of the valve movement showed that, in synchronization with the backward flow in the diastolic phase, the valve closed rapidly and tightly and, in the transition phase of the flow direction, the valve opened smoothly without flapping or hitting the scaffold wall. Using mold designs, consisting of two different plastic substrates and the tubular scaffold, in conjunction with “in body tissue architecture,” the complex 3‐dimensional autologous conduit‐typed Biovalve was developed for the first time. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on healing of an ulna defect filled with a bone graft substitute
Authors: Walsh William R. , Langdown Andrew J. , Auld Jason W. , Stephens Paul , Yu Yan , Vizesi Frank , Bruce Warwick J. M. , Pounder Neill 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA 1.5 cm unilateral rabbit ulna defect model was performed in 18 adult NZ white rabbits. The defects were filled with a β‐tricalcium phosphate bone graft substitute (JAX TCP). The surgical site in half the animals was treated daily with 20 min of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). Animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks (n = 3 per group) or 12 weeks (n = 6 per group) following surgery for radiographic and histologic endpoints. Radiography revealed some resorption of the JAX TCP by 12 weeks in the control and LIPUS treated groups. LIPUS treatment did not accelerate this resorption. Some new bone formation was noted in the control groups at the defect margins while little bone formed in the center of the defect at 4 and 12 weeks. In contrast, radiographs revealed more new bone at 4 and 12 weeks in the LIPUS treated animals throughout the section. Bone mineral density (DEXA) revealed a statistically significant difference at 4 weeks with LIPUS while no differences were found at 12 weeks. Histology of the LIPUS treated sections demonstrated new woven bone formation on and between the JAX TCP bone graft substitute particles across the defect. VEGF expression was increased with LIPUS treatment at 4 weeks and remained elevated at 12 weeks compared with controls. CBFA‐1 expression levels were elevated with LIPUS treatment at both time points. LIPUS treatment increased bone formation in ulna defect healing with a β‐tricalcium phosphate bone graft substitute. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Hydrodynamics‐based delivery of plasmid DNA encoding CTLA4‐Ig prolonged cardiac allograft survival in rats
Authors: Takekubo Masaru , Tsuchida Masanori , Haga Manabu , Saitoh Masayuki , Hanawa Haruo , Maruyama Hiroki , Miyazaki Jun‐ichi , Hayashi Jun‐ichi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundAlthough gene therapy using plasmid vectors is thought to be safer compared with viral vectors, poor efficacy of gene transfer is the obstacle preventing wide application of plasmid vectors. However, high levels of foreign gene expression have been achieved by rapid tail vein injection of a large volume of a plasmid DNA solution into rats. Using this technique, we examined the effect of rat CTLA4‐Ig gene transfer on prevention of cardiac allograft rejection in this animal model.MethodsRecipient Lewis rats were injected with either plasmid pCAGGS‐CTLA4‐Ig‐Glu‐tag as a treatment vector or plasmid pCAGGS‐signal peptide (SP)‐Ig as a control vector by hydrodynamics‐based delivery technique on the day before heart transplantation. Hearts from Brown Norway donors were transplanted into the neck of Lewis recipients and graft survival was assessed.ResultsThe plasma level of CTLA4‐Ig reached a peak of nearly 5 µg/mL 1 day after injection, and then slowly decreased but still remained above 0.9 µg/mL until 100 days after injection. The recipient rats treated with the control vector and untreated rats rejected cardiac allografts within 7 days. On the other hand, the median survival time of the grafts treated with pCAGGS‐CTLA4Ig‐Glu‐tag was more than 100 days. Histological examination revealed that long‐term survival allografts contained fewer infiltrating lymphocytes. The serum from recipients with long‐term survival allograft suppressed allogenic mixed lymphocyte reaction.ConclusionsCTLA4‐Ig gene transfer by means of tail vein injection of plasmid DNA into a recipient rat resulted in remarkable prolongation of cardiac allograft survival with persistent plasma level of CTLA4‐Ig protein. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.