bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of drug‐eluting balloons in percutaneous treatment of bifurcation lesions the DEBIUT (drug‐eluting balloon in bifurcaton utrecht) registry
Authors: Fanggiday James C. , Stella Pieter R. , Guyomi Siyrous Hoseyni , Doevendans Pieter A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractObjectives:To evaluate outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with a drug‐eluting balloon catheter (paclitaxel‐coated) in patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions.Background:The current practice of provisional stenting of the main branch (MB) is reasonable; however, long‐term results of side‐branch (SB) treatment are suboptimal. The use of drug‐eluting stents has not improved these results, regardless of the implantation technique, and could potentially lead to a significant increase in (late) thrombotic events. To evaluate short‐term safety and efficacy of a drug‐eluting balloon (DEB) in patients with bifurcation lesions followed by provisional stenting of the main branch, we set up the DEBIUT Registry.Methods:This registry enrolled 20 eligible patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions. Patients received a PCI with a paclitaxel‐coated balloon catheter, followed by provisional stenting of the MB with a bare‐metal stent. Acute angiographic and clinical follow‐up were performed after 1 and 4 months.Results:The procedure was successful in all patients. The use of sequential predilatation with DEB was safe and well tolerated. No acute or subacute closure of side branches occurred after treating with DEB. All patients were treated according to the provisional stenting technique; no stents were placed in the SB. At 4‐month follow‐up no major acute coronary events and no subacute vessel closure were reported.Conclusion:The use of a drug‐eluting balloon in patients with bifurcation lesions was effective and safe up to 4 months following PCI in patients with coronary artery bifurcation lesions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of a ruptured saphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysm using a vascular plug
Authors: Tonelli Adriano R. , Desai Aashish K. , Anderson R. David 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSaphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon complication of coronary bypass grafting. Hemoptysis associated with diffuse bleeding into the lung tissue may be the initial manifestation of this condition. We report a case of a saphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysm that presented with hemoptysis and was successfully treated with a proximal vascular plug. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does gadolinium‐based angiography protect against contrast‐induced nephropathy?: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Boyden Thomas F. , Gurm Hitinder S. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe evaluated the incidence of contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients exposed to gadolinium for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.Background:CIN with iodinated contrast agents is a leading cause of acute renal failure. Gadolinium is often used as an alternative to iodinated contrast in patients at increased risk of CIN. The safety of gadolinium in patients at increased risk of CIN has not been established.Methods and Results:The authors performed a systematic review by searching MEDLINE, ISI Web of Knowledge, Current Contents, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify relevant studies evaluating gadolinium and its associated incidence of CIN. They identified 17 studies that reported both favorable and negative results with regard to the association of gadolinium and CIN. The differences in the results appeared to be dose related. When gadolinium was used in doses of 0.4 mmol/kg or higher, there appeared to be an increased incidence of ARF particularly in patients with preexisting renal insufficiency.Conclusions:Although the evidence base is limited, gadolinium does not appear to be safer than iodinated contrast in patients at risk of CIN. Given the lack of randomized data to support its safety, gadolinium in lieu of iso‐osmolar iodinated contrast cannot be advocated in patients at high risk of contrast nephropathy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does IVUS guidance of coronary interventions affect outcome? a prime example of the failure of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Gerber Robert , Colombo Antonio 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThere has been a decline in the role of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guiding stenting. IVUS has lost favor with interventional cardiologists largely due to the emergence of drug eluting stents (DES). The advent of DES has lowered the need to maximize the final result due to the known low late‐loss. This phenomenon has contributed to reduced interest in optimizing results with IVUS guidance. However, current concerns regarding stent thrombosis in relation to DES and its associated significant morbidity and mortality has once more focused attention on optimal stent deployment. Prior to DES, the evidence base was rather ambiguous, as some randomized and observational studies supported IVUS guided bare metal stent insertion in terms of reducing rates of restenosis and clinically driven target lesion revascularisation whereas others demonstrated no such benefit. As there is an additional cost and learning curve with IVUS, it has become difficult to justify its routine use. We present here a oontemporary argument for the resurgence of IVUS optimized stent insertion. We also highlight deficiencies in previously adopted IVUS optimization criteria, which were based on distal and proximal lumen sizes. The new criteria proposed are based on vessel size at different segments of the stented area and therefore take advantage of vessel remodeling. The availability of high pressure, non‐compliant balloons have made attainment of these new optimization targets possible without increasing the risk of complications. We hope to demonstrate this statement with the completion of the angiographically versus IVUS optimization (AVIO) study that soon will be initiated. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Establishment, characterization and drug sensitivity testing in primary cultures of human thymoma and thymic carcinoma
Authors: Ehemann Volker , Kern Michael A. , Breinig Marco , Schnabel Philipp A. , Gunawan Bastian , Schulten Hans‐Jörg , Schlaeger Christoph , Radlwimmer Bernhard , Steger Christina M. , Dienemann Hendrik , Lichter Peter , Schirmacher Peter , Rieker Ralf J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThymomas and thymic carcinomas are peculiar epithelial tumors of the anterior mediastinum. They may show aggressive clinical behavior and are a paradigm for the interaction between the tumor and the immune system. So far, adequate functional studies enabling a better understanding of this malignancy have not been performed, since human thymoma/thymic carcinoma cell lines have not been available. Here, the authors describe the establishment, characterization and functional analyses of epithelial cell lines from a Type B1‐thymoma and a poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma. By Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses, both cell lines were aneuploid. The aneuploid cell fraction of the thymic carcinoma cell line was characterized by a high proliferation index of 55.9%, in contrast to a lower proliferation rate of the aneuploid cell fraction of the thymoma (19.7%). Array‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and conventional cytogenetic analysis of the thymoma revealed only minor imbalances whereas the thymic carcinoma was characterized by a complex karyotype in the hyperdiploid range that was readily defined with multicolor FISH (mFISH). Application of a selective COX‐2 inhibitor reduced cell viability in both cell lines in a dose‐dependent manner. In conclusion, these first cell lines of a thymoma and a CD5‐positive thymic carcinoma are useful tools for further in vitro studies of cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of the disease and for functional tests to evaluate new therapeutic targets. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eradication of established renal cell carcinoma by a combination of 5‐fluorouracil and anti‐4‐1BB monoclonal antibody in mice
Authors: Ju Seong‐A , Cheon Sang‐Hyeon , Park Sang‐Min , Tam Nyuen Quang , Kim Young Min , An Won G. , Kim Byung‐Sam 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC), one of the most incurable malignancies, is highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cytokine immunotherapy has been the standard approach, but the overall response rate is still very low. Administration of agonistic anti‐4‐1BB monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been shown to induce regression of several animal tumors but its effect on RCC is unknown. We show here that monotherapy with either anti‐4‐1BB mAb or the cytotoxic drug, 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), has little effect on established RCC, Renca tumors, but combination therapy with anti‐4‐1BB mAb and 5‐FU eradicates the tumors in more than 70 % of mice. The regressing tumor tissues from mice receiving the combination therapy contained more apoptotic tumor cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes than tumor tissues from mice receiving 5‐FU or anti‐4‐1BB mAb monotherapy. The number of lymphocytes in the spleens and tumor‐ draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) of the combination therapy mice was greatly increased compared to that of control or 5‐FU monotherapy mice. Mice that had recovered due to the combination therapy rapidly rejected rechallenge with the tumor, pointing to the establishment of long‐lasting tumor‐specific memory. Our results indicate that targeting tumors with 5‐FU, and immune cells with 4‐1BB stimulation, could be a useful strategy for treating incurable RCC. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression pattern and circulating levels of endostatin in patients with pancreas cancer
Authors: Öhlund Daniel , Ardnor Bjarne , Öman Mikael , Naredi Peter , Sund Malin 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEndostatin is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis that is cleaved from the basement membrane protein type XVIII collagen. Expression of endostatin has recently been shown by Western blot analysis of tissue lysates in normal pancreas and pancreas cancer tissue. We show here that the expression pattern of type XVIII collagen/endostatin is shifted from a general basement membrane staining and is mainly located in the vasculature during tumor progression. This shift in type XVIII collagen/endostatin expression pattern coincides with an up‐regulation of MMPs involved in endostatin processing in the tumor microenvironment, such as MMP‐3, MMP‐9 and MMP‐13. The circulating levels of endostatin was analyzed in patients with pancreas cancer and compared to that of healthy controls, as well as after surgical treatment or in a group of nonoperable patients after intraperitoneal fluorouracil (5‐FU) chemotherapy. The results show that patients with pancreas cancer have increased circulating levels of endostatin and that these levels are normalized after surgery or intraperitoneal chemotherapy. These findings indicate that endostatin could be used as a biomarker for pancreas cancer progression. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Arming parvoviruses with CpG motifs to improve their oncosuppressive capacity
Authors: Raykov Zahari , Grekova Svetlana , Leuchs Barbara , Aprahamian Marc , Rommelaere Jean 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOncolytic viruses represent novel tools for cancer treatment. Besides specifically killing cancer cells (oncolysis), these agents also provide danger signals, prompting the immune system to eliminate virus‐infected tumours. As a consequence of oncolytic events, the innate and adaptive immune systems gain access to tumour antigens, which result in cross‐priming and vaccination effects. Here the aim was to see whether we could enhance this adjuvant capacity by incorporating immunostimulatory CpG motifs into the single‐stranded genome of an oncolytic parvovirus (H‐1PV). We engineered 2 CpG‐enriched H‐1PV variants (JabCG1 and JabCG2), preserving both the replication competence and the oncolytic features of the parental virus. In keeping with their increased CpG content, the JabCG1 and JabCG2 genomes proved in vitro to be more potent triggers of TLR‐9‐mediated signalling than wild‐type H‐1PV DNA. Antitumour activity was evaluated in a rat model of MH3924A hepatoma lung metastases, where an infection with parental or modified viruses served as an ex vivo adjuvant to a subcutaneously administered autologous cell vaccine. In this setup, which excludes direct oncolytic effects on metastases, the JabCG2 vector displayed enhanced immunogenicity, inducing markers of cellular immunity (IFNγ) and dendritic cell activation (CD80, CD86) in mediastinal (tumour‐draining) lymph nodes. This led to a significantly reduced metastatic rate (50%) as compared to other vaccination schedules (H‐1PV‐, JabCG1‐, JabGC‐ or mock‐treated cells). The data provide proof of principle that increasing the number of immunostimulatory CpG motifs within oncolytic viruses makes it possible to improve their overall anticancer effect by inducing antitumour vaccination. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short‐, mid‐, and long‐term effects of a polymer‐free tacrolimus‐eluting stent in a porcine coronary model
Authors: Prunotto M. , Vignolini C. , Lolli V. , Black A. , Gaggianesi S. , Santarelli A. , Galloni M. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractStent‐based delivery of tacrolimus has shown neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis reduction; FK506 is a water insoluble macrolide immunosuppressant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate acute and chronic tissue response to a polymer‐free FK506 drug‐eluting stent implantation in a porcine coronary artery model. Seventy‐eight nonatherosclerotic minipigs underwent successful placement of 134 stents (control n = 56; FK506 (1.5 μg/mm2) n = 44; FK506 (2.6 μg/mm2) n = 34) at 7, 15, 30, 90, or 180 days. Endothelialisation was almost complete at 7 days, complete at 15 days. At 30 and 90 days, mean neointimal thickness, neointimal area, and % stenosis was significantly less for drug‐eluting stents compared with controls. At 180 days, histomorphometric values were similar for eluting and control stents. The FK506‐eluting stent allows for a complete re‐endothelialisation at 15 days and favorably moderate neointimal hyperplasia at 30 and 90 days in the porcine coronary model. Because of a possible limited bioavailability of FK506, long‐term inhibition of neointimal formation was not sustained at the considered follow‐up. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Contact‐free determination of material characteristics using a newly developed pressure‐operated strain‐applying bioreactor
Authors: Schumann Stefan , Stahl Claudius A. , Möller Knut , Schneider Matthias , Metzke Robert , Wall Wolfgang A. , Priebe Hans‐Joachim , Guttmann Josef 
Published: March 2008

AbstractExperimental mechanostimulation of biologic samples serves to understand fundamental processes in mechanobiology. Unfortunately, present techniques do not allow contact‐free investigation of material characteristics. We developed a mechanostimulator that functions under the assumption that the counterforce generated by a biologic sample placed on a carrier membrane (test‐on‐carrier) is extractable from the total signal. As material characteristics of biologic samples are poorly defined, we substituted them by polyurethane and latex membranes. Based on the knowledge of the previously measured carrier membrane's compliance, we calculated the test membrane's compliance from the pressure–volume relationship inside the bioreactor. We hypothesized that knowing the carrier membranes' compliance allows calculation of the sample's compliance. Compliances of latex membranes were larger than those of polyurethane ones (p < 0.05). The average differences between calculated and directly determined compliances were 3.9% ± 2.7% and 6.7% ± 4.8% (mean ± SD) under static and dynamic mechanostimulation, respectively (p > 0.05). The variability of compliance values was several fold larger (p < 0.01) for latex‐on‐polyurethane compared to polyurethane‐on‐latex combinations. There was high correlation between Young's modulus as determined from static compliance estimation and by uniaxial stretching in a tension‐testing machine (r2 = 0.987, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our mechanostimulator allowed reliable contact‐free determination of material characteristics and may thus be suitable for contact‐free assessment of biologic samples. The compliance of the carrier membrane should be at least two times larger than the compliance of the tested material. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Swelling characteristics and drug delivery properties of nifedipine‐loaded pH sensitive alginate–chitosan hydrogel beads
Authors: Dai Ya‐Ni , Li Ping , Zhang Jun‐Ping , Wang Ai‐Qin , Wei Qin 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to investigate the swelling behavior and in vitro release of nifedipine from alginate–chitosan hydrogel beads. Structure and surface morphology of the hydrogel were characterized by FTIR and SEM, respectively. Alginate–chitosan mixed beads and alginate–chitosan coated beads were prepared by ionic gelation method. The swelling ability of the beads and in vitro release of nifedipine in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.5) and different phosphate buffer solutions (pH 2.5, 5.0, 6.8, 7.4, and 8.0) were found to be dependent on the presence of the polyelectrolyte complex between chitosan and alginate. The amount of nifedipine released from the mixed beads at pH 1.5 was relatively low (42%), whereas this value approached to 99% at pH 6.8. In comparison with the mixed beads, the released nifedipine from the coated beads was minimal at pH 1.5 (18%), whereas ∼99% nifedipine was released at pH 6.8. The results suggested that the coated beads can hold drug better at low pH than the mixed beads and show excellent pH sensitivity. Therefore, the alginate–chitosan coated beads could be a suitable polymeric carrier for drug delivery in the intestinal tract. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Evaluation of monomer leaching from a dual cured resin cement
Authors: Altintas Subutay Han , Usumez Aslihan 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPurpose: An increasing number of inlay cavities is restored with tooth‐colored materials, especially ceramics are cemented with resin cements. The comonomer TEGDMA and other monomers Bis‐GMA and UDMA have been identified as the main compounds released from polymerized resin cements into aqueous media. The present investigation was conducted to clarify the leaching behavior of the monomers of dual polymerized resin cement. Material and methods: Ten freshly extracted caries and restoration free molar teeth were used in this study. Standardized Class I preparations were prepared in all teeth. Lithium disilicate based (IPS Empress Esthetic) ceramic inlays were cemented with dual polymerized resin cement (Variolink II). After cementation, specimens were stored in 75% ethanol solution. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the amounts of three monomers in the solution (after 10 min, 1 h, 24 h, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days). Two‐way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were used to evaluate the results (p < 0.05). Results: There were statistically significant differences among the amounts of the monomers (p < 0.01) and also among time periods (p < 0.01). While the TEGDMA resulted in significantly higher amount than Bis‐GMA and UDMA, there were no statistically significant differences between amounts of Bis‐GMA, UDMA (p = 0.06). The cumulative amount of monomers was the highest after 21 days (p < 0.01). Conclusion: In the case of resin cement, leaching of TEGDMA was the highest and the cumulative amount of leaching monomers from resin cement was influenced by the time. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Modification of human papillomavirus‐like particle vaccine by insertion of the cross‐reactive L2‐epitopes
Authors: Kondo Kazunari , Ochi Hiroyuki , Matsumoto Tamae , Yoshikawa Hiroyuki , Kanda Tadahito 
Published: March 2008

AbstractInfection with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), which is one of the 15 types of HPV causally associated with cervical cancer and accounts for 50% of the cases, can be prevented in a type‐specific manner by an HPV16 virus‐like particle (VLP) vaccine comprised of particles of the L1 protein alone. We attempted to modify the VLP vaccine by inserting the HPV16 L2‐peptides including cross‐neutralization epitopes into the L1 polypeptide. The chimeric L1 had, between L1 amino acids (aa) 430 and 433, the L2 sequence of aa 18–38, 56–75, or 96–115 (with the replacements of S at aa 101 and T at aa 112 with L and S, respectively). The three chimeric L1s were each expressed from the recombinant baculovirus in insect Sf9 cells, and the resultant VLPs were characterized. The chimeric VLPs were shown to present the L2‐peptides on their surface. By immunizing rabbits with the VLPs, it was shown that they retained capability to induce the antibody neutralizing HPV16 and acquired capability to elicit antibodies cross‐neutralizing the infectious HPV18, 31, 52, and 58 pseudovirions. Although the cross‐neutralizing titers were lower than the type‐specific neutralizing titer, the results suggest that the chimeric VLPs have potential to serve as a vaccine candidate for a broad spectrum of high‐risk HPVs. J. Med. Virol. 80:841–846, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genotype variability of human metapneumovirus, South Korea
Authors: Chung Ju‐Young , Han Tae Hee , Kim Sang Woo , Hwang Eung‐Soo 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHuman metapneumovirus (hMPV), a virus causing lower respiratory tract infections in children, is classified two major groups or genotypes of hMPV and recently existence of multiple lineages has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of genetic variation and circulation pattern of hMPV in Korea. Between January 2005 and April 2007, nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 1,214 children <16 years of age hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection at Sanggyepaik Hospital. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for common respiratory pathogens using immunofluorescence or multiplex RT‐PCR. RT‐PCR was used to detect hMPV. The PCR products were purified and subsequently sequenced directly on both strands. hMPV was detected in 8.4% (102/1,214) of nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with acute respiratory tract infection. The 102 hMPV strains detected in this study were classified into two distinct F lineages, 87 strains belonged to genogroup A2 (A2a in 42, A2b in 45) and 15 strains to genogroup B. All hMPV subtypes except A1 co‐circulated in Korean population. Although alternating predominance of hMPV subtypes from year to year could not be found, the changing predominance of sublineage A2a and A2b was demonstrated. J. Med. Virol. 80:902–905, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.