bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verapamil in the Management of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Lewis G. R. J. , Morley K. D. , Maslowski A. H. , Bones P. J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: The hypotensive action of verapamil given orally was assessed in the outpatient management of patients with raised blood pressure, in a single blind study.Twenty‐six hypertensive patients on no therapy, 14 on beta blockers and eight on methyldopa were more satisfactorily controlled when verapamil was substituted for the initial drug. There was a marked reduction in the number of side‐effects, and the drug was given in many situations where beta blockade was contra‐indicated.
Treatment of Acromegaly with Bromocryptine
Authors: Steinbeck K. , Turtle J. R. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Twelve acromegalic patients with clinical and biochemical evidence of active disease were studied whilst on bromocryptine (Sandoz) at a maximum dosage of 10–60 mg. The patients were followed for a period of 9–23 months.Clinically, ten patients showed a reduction or disappearance of sweating and seven patients had a reduction in soft tissue mass. Of the five patients who had diabetes prior to treatment, three reverted to normal glucose tolerance during treatment.Biochemically, there was no difference between mean plasma levels of growth hormone (hGH) before and on maximum therapy with bromocryptine. There was a significant difference between fasting plasma hGH before treatment with bromocryptine and following treatment for 9–23 months in five individual patients.Side effects were not disabling in this series except for a reversible paranoid psychosis in one patient. The overall results are disappointing; although some clinical features improved, plasma hGH levels returned to normal in only three patients. Bromocryptine has a limited place in the management of acromegaly for those patients in whom conventional therapy has been ineffective or is contraindicated.
Treatment of Acromegaly with Bromocriptine
Authors: Wang C. , Chan V. , Yeung R. T. T. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Five men and three women with active acromegaly were treated with bromocriptine. After three months' therapy (30 mglday) mean GH during the day decreased by 50% in six out of eight subjects. In the remaining two subjects (non‐responders) GH was persistently over 100 μg/1. Mean GH during glucose tolerance test were not significantly decreased in three out of the eight subjects, of whom two were the non‐responders. The minimum dose of bromocriptine required to achieve maximum GH suppression ranged from 7·5 to 20 mglday. In contrast, serum prolactin (PRL) throughout the day suppressed significantly in all subjects after 5 mglday bromocriptine.Decreases in clinical symptoms, hand volume, urinary hydroxyproline and calcium excretion were seen in about half of the subjects. Three of the four subjects with diabetes metlitus showed improvement in glucose tolerance. Although minor side effects were uncommon, one patient died because of massive gastrointestinal haemorrhage from a duodenal ulcer.
Some Properties of the Colony Forming Cell in Adult Acute Leukaemia
Authors: Rickard K. A. , Brown R. D. , Yuen E. , Joshua D. , Wilkinson T. , Kronenberg H. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Variations in the concentration and physical characteristics of the bone marrow derived colony forming cell (CFC) have been studied in patients with acute leukaemia. Two‐hundred‐and‐fifteen marrow samples from 83 patients provide the basis for this analysis.CFC concentration confirmed the clinical remission/relapse status and yielded some guidelines to prognosis in individual patients while the proportions of CFC in DNA synthesis also proved to be a most reliable indicator of disease status. In remission, CFC concentrations return to normal values whilst on presentation and in the relapse phase of acute leukaemia CFC numbers are reduced. Biophysical profiles of CFC established using albumin density gradient and velocity sedimentation studies also indicated the state of the leukaemic process in individual patients. By applying physical laws to the data obtained from such profiles, the mean volume, diameter, density and mass of CFC were calculated. CFC from leukaemic patients in relapse were up to twice the volume and mass although slightly less dense than CFC from normal patients. The reasons for these changes are explained and discussed.
Plasma Renin Activity and Hypertension in Acute Glomerulonephritis*
Authors: Shahabuddin S. H. , Nor M. M. , Abdullah A. M. , Mosdeen F. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: The relationship between plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma volume (PV) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in children with acute glomerulonephritis was assessed in two groups of patients between the ages of three to six years. One group with normal blood pressure (13 children) and a group with significantly elevated blood pressure (20 children) were compared with a control group of ten normal children.In patients who developed hypertension (MAP: 113 ± 3 mmHg), the mean PRA was 0±45 ± 0±1 ng/ml/hr, and the mean PV measured in ten of these children was 1526 ± 47±9 ml/M2. In the group of normotensive patients with acute glomerulonephritis (MAP = 79 ± 1±8 mmHg), the mean PRA was 1±6 ± 0±32 ng/ml/hr, the mean PV in four of these patients was 1285±37±6 ml/M2. The children in the control group (MAP = 77± 1±6 mmHg) had a mean PRA of 7±93 ± 0±2 ng/ml/hr and six of these children had a mean PV of 1115 ± 103 ml/M2.The results showed children who developed hypertension had significantly higher PV lower PRA than children with acute glomerulonephritis who were normotensive and the control subjects. A positive correlation was found between MAP and PV and negative correlation between MAP and PRA. There was no significant difference in MAP, PV and PRA between children with acute glomerulonephritis with normal blood pressure and children in the control group.
The Relevance of 25‐Hydroxycalciferol Measurements in Sera of Patients with Renal Failure*
Authors: Mason R. S. , Moddel D. , McElduff A. , Stewart J. H. , Mahony J. F. , Posen S. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Iliac crest biopsies and serum specimens were obtained from 36 non‐dialyzed uraemic patients. The mean serum 25‐hydroxycalciferol concentration of the patients was lower than that of normal subjects and a significant correlation was found between 25‐hydroxycalciferol values and the severity of osteomalacia. Parathyroid osteopathy was significantly correlated with serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone but not with serum 25‐hydroxycalciferol values.While normal serum 25‐hydroxycalciferol concentrations in uraemic patients do not exclude the presence of osteomalacia, a low concentration is virtually diagnostic of this disorder.
Measurement of the End‐Organ Responses to Aldosterone in Man: Diversity of Response and its Possible Biological Significance
Authors: Adam W. R. , Mendelsohn F. A. O. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: The renal (potassium and sodium ratios) and rectal (potential difference) response to an infusion of aldosterone were measured in 13 hypertensive subjects. The correlation between these two responses was highly significant though the magnitude of the response varied widely between subjects. The variation in response between subjects showed no correlation with the change in, or maximal plasma level of, aldosterone and was thus thought to reflect a diversity in the end‐organ response to aldosterone between subjects.Biological significance of the diversity of response is suggested by the closer correlation between aldosterone excretion and aldosterone effect when the individual's particular responsiveness to aldosterone is taken into account. Thus the 24‐hour urine K+/Na+ (as a measure of the aldosterone effect) shows a relatively poor correlation with 24‐hour urine aldosterone excretion (r = 0·63, P > 0·05). Compared with this, the 24‐hour urine K +/N/a+ shows an improved correlation with the product of the 24‐hour urine aldosterone factored by an index of the individual's responsiveness (r = 0·83, P < 0·01).The diversity of end‐organ responsiveness makes interpretation of “normal” aldosterone levels difficult, and may explain some cases where there is evidence suggestive of hyper‐aldosteronism with “normal” levels of aldosterone. To examine such a possibility, one such case of a patient with hypertension, “normal” but non suppressible aldosterone excretion and episodic hypokalaemia is presented in detail.
The Effect of Cimetidine on Gastrin Release in Ulcer Disease
Authors: Korman M. G. , Hansky J. , Waugh J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: The effect of cirnetidine on gastrin release in ulcer disease. M. G. Korman. J. Hansky and J. Waugh, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1979, 9, pp. 367–369.The effect of a single dose of 400 mg of the H2‐receptor antagonist cimetidine on protein meal stimulated immunoreactive gastrin was assessed in ten patients with gastric ulcer and ten patients with duodenal ulcer. In gastric ulcer patients, serum gastrin (mean±SE) rose from 34±2·2 pmol∖l‐1 to a peak of 80±5·0 pmol∖l‐1 at 45 minutes without and from 36±2·2 to 107±8·0 pmol∖l‐1 at 60 minutes with cimetidine; in duodenal ulcer it rose from 26±3·0 to 47±5·1 pmol∖l‐1 at 45 minutes without and 26±3·2 to 52±5·1 pmol∖l‐1 at 60 minutes with cimetidine. Integrated gastrin responses in gastric ulcer were 4900±800 pmol∖l‐1 720 minutes without and 7000±900 pmol∖l‐1 720 minutes with cimetidine and 1560±300 pmol∖l‐1 720 minutes without and 2620±400 pmol∖l‐1 720 minutes with cimetidine in duodenal ulcer patients. These gastrin increases after cimetidine are comparable to those achieved with continuous intragastric neutralisation with alkali.
Improvement of Left Ventricular Function in Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Documented by Serial Gated Cardiac Pool Scanning*
Authors: Hung J. , Harris P. J. , Kelly D. T. , Richmond D. R. , Hutton B. F. , Bautovich G. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: lmpravement of left ventricular function in alcoholic cardiomyopathy documented by serial gated cardiac pool scanning. J. Hung, P. J. Harris, D. T. Kelly. D. R. Richmond, B. F. Hutton and G. Bautovich, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1979, 9, pp. 420–422.Serial gated cardiac blood pool scans showed a gradual return to normal left ventricular function over ten months in a 44‐year‐old patient who presented initially with severe alcoholic congestive cardiomyopathy. The clinical signs of left ventricular failure abated considerably before myocardial function improved objectively on gated blood pool scanning.
Chronic Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia—An Electrophysiological Study*
Authors: Ross D. L. , Vohra J. K. , Hunt D. , Sloman J. G. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Electrophysiological techniques were used to study 17 patients with chronic recurrent ventricular tachycardia. Twelve of the patients had coronary disease, while eight had pre‐existing intraventricular conduction defects. The site of origin of the tachycardia as deduced by analysis of the QRS morphology correlated well with the electrocardiographic evidence of the site of the old infarction.Ventricular tachycardia was induced by pacing techniques in eight patients while it occurred spontaneously during the study in two others. In only four of the eight patients in whom tachycardia was induced, could the arrhythmia be reinduced; the arrhythmia could not be reproduced in one, while reproducibility was not assessed in the remaining three. Tachycardia was terminated by pacing techniques in six patients and by DC cardioversion in four. Ventricular tachycardia was initiated with a run of “torsade de pointes” in four patients. Ventricular tachycardias with varying morphology were observed in three patients. Electrophysiological study was of significant benefit in patient management in 14 of the 17 patients, particularly those with pre‐existing intraventricular conduction defects, undocumented tachycardia or undocumented syncope.
False Positive and Negative Hemoccult Reactions on a Normal Diet and Effect of Diet Restriction
Authors: Bassett M. L. , Goulston K. J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: False positive and negative hemoccult reactions on a normal diet and effect of diet restriction. M. L. Bassett and K. J. Goulston, Aust. N.Z. J. Med. 1980, 10. pp. 1–4.The reliability of Hemoccult, a guaiacimpregnated slide for detecting faecal occult blood, was assessed on both normal and restricted diets. Two‐hundred‐and‐twenty‐five faecal samples were obtained from 40 patients on a normal diet, and 115 samples from 20 patients on a restricted diet. A single Hemoccult I test was performed on each sample. Faecal blood was quantitated by 51Cr red cell labelling. On a normal diet, the false positive rate was 11%. This reduced to 2% on a high fibre diet free of red meat and raw fruit and vegetables. This false positive rate is lower than has been previously reported for other: more widely‐used, occult blood tests. The overall false negative rate was 48%; this diminished with increasing faecal blood loss.
Hepatitis A Outbreak in a Residential School
Authors: Boughton C. R. , Hawkes R. A. , Lehmann N. I. , Grohmann G. S. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Hepatitis A outbreak in a residential school. C. R. Boughton, R. A. Hawkes, N. I. Lehmann and G. S. Grohmann, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 4–6.Outbreaks of hepatitis A occurred sequentially in two wards for children in a residential institution for the mentally retarded in Sydney. Twenty‐six of 47 children were initially susceptible to hepatitis A. In the first ward affected, 77 of 13 susceptible children (85%), and in the second ward, four of 13 susceptible (31%), were infected. Of the 15 showing serological evidence of infection, five (33%) were clinically jaundiced.
Coronary Artery Spasm: Use of Ergonovine in Diagnosis *
Authors: Freedman S. B. , Dunn R. F. , Bernstein L. , Richmond D. R. , O'Neill G. , Kelly D. T. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Coronary artery spasm: Use of ergo ovine in diagnosis. S. B. Freedman, R. F. Dunn, L. Bernstein, D. R. Richmond, G. O'Neill and D. T. Kelly, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 6–11.Ergo ovine male ate was administered to 69 patients with chest pain but without significant coronary artery disease (<70% luminal diameter obstruction) to determine whether coronary artery spasm could be provoked. Coronary artery spasm was seen at angiography, or inferred from ECG or thallium myocardial perfusion scan changes. The test was positive in 76 patients: all five patients with documented variant angina (Group A); ten of the 19 patients with suspected variant angina (Group 6); one of the 11 patients with exercise‐induced chest pain (Group C); and none of the 34 patients with atypical chest pain (Group D). Patients with a positive test usually smoked, complained of recurrent nocturnal or early morning chest pain, showed ST changes during spontaneous chest pain and had minor degrees of fixed coronary obstruction (30–70%), when compared to those with a negative test. The only major side effect of the test was transient ventricular tachycardia which occurred in three patients and was reverted by sublingual and paranormal nitroglycerine.
The Effects of Body Weight on Serum Cholesterol, Serum Triglycerides, Serum Urate and Systolic Blood Pressure*
Authors: Brennan P. J. , Simpson J. M. , Blacket R. B. , McGilchrist C. A. 
Published: March 2008

Summary:The effects of body weight on serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum urate and systolic blood pressure. P. J. Brennan, J. M. Simpson, R. B. Blacket and C. A. McGilchrist,Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980,10, pp. 15–20.The effects of body weight and age on serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum urate and systolic blood pressure were examined in 600 male and 400 female blood donors aged 20 to 49 years. In the men significant correlations with body mass index were found for all four variables in each decade. In the women below 40 only the correlation with blood pressure was significant. In the fifth decade the correlations resembled those in the men, save for triglycerides. After adjusting for weight, age had no independent influence on the prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia or hypertension in either sex. In men the effect of body weight on the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia was age dependent. Age influenced hyper‐uricaemia independently of weight. In women only serum cholesterol was affected by age after allowing for weight. There was marked clustering of high values of the four variables in the heavier men and women and this increased with age. The leanest men and women were remarkably free of high values.
3,3‘ Diiodothyronine: Serum Concentration and Production in Normal and Abnormal Thyroid States
Authors: Corcoran J. M. , Eastman C. J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: 3,3‘ diiodothyronine: serum concentration and production in normal and abnormal thyroid states. J. M. Corcoran and C. J. Eastrnan, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 32–38.This study reports the details of a specific, sensitive radioimmunoassay for 3,3′ diiodothyronine (3,3'T2) in human serum and the results obtained from measurement of serum 3,3'T2 concentrations in normal humans and in patients with a variety of thyroidal and non thyroidal diseases. This assay permits measurement of 3,3'T2 in unextracted serum with a sensitivity of 10 to 20 pmolll and intraassay and interassay coefficients of variation of 3% and 9% respectively.Normal serum concentrations of 3,3'T2 in healthy, euthyroid adults ranged from 10 to 140 pmolll in males and from 8 to 196 pmolll in females. Mean levels were not significantly different. In women taking oral contraceptives serum 3,3'T2 concentrations ranged from 48 to 218 pmolll with a mean of 133 pmolll which was significantly higher than the normal female group (P <0.001): Mean serum 3,3'T2 concentrations were increased in hyperthyroid and decreased in hypothyroid patients, however, there was considerable overlap of individual results with normal subjects. Serum 3,3'T, levels in sick euthyroid patients were mostly below assay sensitivity. By contrast serum 3,3'T2 levels in cord blood were significantly higher than in normal adults with a range of 173 to 405 pmolll and mean of 287 pmolll. Serial studies performed on hypo‐thyroid patients given either L‐T3 (60 μg/day) or L‐reverse T3 (120 μg/day) in divided dosage revealed significant rises in serum 3,3'T2 levels.These results demonstrated extrathyroidal conversion of both T3 and reverse T3 to 3,3'T2 in peripheral tissues.Data obtained from kinetic studies of 3,3'T2 metabolism in normal adults revealed a mean metabolic clearance rate of 175 ± 112 I/day (range 110–276 I/day), and a mean half life of 8.3±1.0 hours. These data are consistent with an average daily production rate of 15.75 nmollday.It is concluded that 3,3'T2 is a normal constituent of human serum and is derived from peripheral mono deiodination of both T3 and reverse T3. The biological significance of this metabolite has not yet been determined.
Apparent Insulin Resistance due to Abnormal Enzymatic Insulin Degradation: A New Mechanism for Insulin Resistance
Authors: McElduff A. , Eastman C. J. , Haynes S. P. , Bowen K. M. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Apparent insulin resistance due to abnormal enzymatic insulin degradation: A new mechanism for insulin resistance. A. McElduff, C. J. Eastman, S. P. Haynes and K. M. Bowen. Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 56–61.A 16–year‐old girl presented with severe, prolonged insulin resistance. Insulin antibodies, initially thought to be responsible for the insulin resistance, were suppressed using monocomponent insulin and immunosuppressive therapy; however insulin resistance persisted. Insulin kinetic studies suggested abnormal metabolism of a bolus injection of 125insulin and the reappearance in the circulation of radioactive products, demonstrated by chromatography to be of different molecular weight to insulin. These products were of similar molecular weight to material obtained by incubating125/insulin with protease. Trasylol significantly reduced the patient's insulin requirements and normalised the disappearance of125/ insulin from the circulation. Prolonged treatment with Trasylol resulted in a fall in insulin requirement to non “insulin resistance” levels. The insulin requirement remained static when Trasylol was ceased. We propose abnormally rapid insulin degradation to be a new mechanism of resistance to insulin therapy.
Clinical Settings in Pseudomembranous Colitis
Authors: Goulston S. J. M. , McGovern V. J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Clinical settings in pseudomembranous colitis. S. J. M. Goulston and V. J. McGovern, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 139–145.Renewed interest in pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) has occurred in recent years due to an increased incidence following the introduction of the antibiotics clindamycin and lincomycin. However, the disease was well known before the antibiotic era. In this paper the histopathological features are re‐emphasised and the similarity to early amoebic colitis is stressed. From a background of 32 patients, some unusual clinical settings are described. These consist of an association with renal transplantation; the demonstration of the lesion on the mucosal surface of rectal polypi and metaplastic bladder mucosa; its occurrence in an area of isolated ileum presenting as a “blind loop syndrome”: and examples suggesting that this disease can exist for quite long periods of time or may recur several times in the same patient
Free Insulin, C‐Peptide and Glucagon Profiles in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Scott R. S. , Espiner E. A. , Donald R. A. , Ellis M. J. 
Published: March 2008

Summary: Free insulin, C‐peptide and glucagon profiles in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. R. S. Scott, E. A. Espiner, R. A. Donald and M. J. Ellis, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980, 10, pp. 146–150.Glucose and hormone profiles, including plasma levels of glucagon, GH, total insulin, free immunoreactive and biologically active insulin were determined by hourly sampling in two groups of insulin dependent diabetics. The five patients in Group I were recently diagnosed and still had residual β‐cell function. The other six in Group II had disease of longer duration, had developed insulin antibodies, and were non‐secretors of C‐peptide. All patients were studied while receiving their usual maintenance doses of Semilente mono‐component insulin (Novo). Daily insulin requirements were 25.6 ± 4 U in Group I and 52.2 ±7 U in Group II. The glucose profiles were similar in the periprandial periods but over the whole 24‐hour period control was more unstable in the patients of Group II and during the period 2400–0200 h plasma glucose fell to low levels (minimum plasma glucose 1.5–3.0 mmol/l). Free insulin levels rose to peak levels over a similar time course but then fell more slowly in the Group II subjects. These patients had higher free, biologically active insulin and lower glucagon levels which were coincident in time with the early morning hypoglycaemia. These observations suggest that raised free insulin levels in the setting of an impaired counter‐regulatory glucagon response are one of the factors contributing to glucose instability in long‐standing diabetics