bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the design of 2D IIR digital filters using penalty optimization techniques
Authors: Papamarkos N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper an efficient technique is developed for the design of two‐dimensional recursive digital filters in the frequency domain. the formulation of the design problem is based upon a rational approximation method in parallel with a suitable interior penalty technique. the structure of the proposed approach permits one to include in the design optimization problem additional constraints related to the stability, linear phase and symmetries properties of the resultant filter. In contrast with previous design methods, the coefficients of the filters are determined directly and it is not required to apply any ‘inverse’ or stabilization technique. Analytical examples illustrate the features and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Double and triple charge pumps with mos diodes: Dynamic models to an optimized design
Authors: Di Cataldo G. , Palumbo G. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper the dynamic models of the double and triple charge pumps are extended to circuits in which the diodes are realized with an MOS transistor having a drain‐gate contact. In this circuit realization we must take into account the influence of the source‐substrate voltage on the threshold voltage Vt.The effects of the source‐substrate voltage on the dynamic behaviour are analysed and discussed in detail. Moreover, simple equations allowing one to perform a pencil‐and‐paper area‐efficient optimized design are developed from the two new models.The models obtained are also validated by SPICE simulation of the circuit assuming a typical CMOS 3 μm process.
Three loci on mouse chromosome 5 and 10 modulate sex determination in XX Ods/+ mice
Authors: Poirier Christophe , Moran Jennifer L. , Kovanci Ertug , Petit Deborah C. , Beier David R. , Bishop Colin E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn mouse, XY embryos are committed to the male sex determination pathway after the transient expression of the Y‐linked Sry gene in the Sertoli cell lineage between 10.5 and 12.5 dpc. In the C57BL/6J strain, male sex determination program can be modulated by some autosomal genes. The C57BL/6J alleles at these autosomal loci can antagonize male sex determination in combination with specific Sry alleles. In this report, the authors have identified an effect of these C57BL/6J specific alleles in combination with a mutated Sox9 allele, Sox9Ods. Authors report the mapping of three of these genetic loci on mouse chromosome 5 and 10 in a backcross of the Ods mutation to the C57BL/6J background. Our study confirms the importance of the strain C57BL/6J for the investigation of the genetic mechanisms that control sex determination. genesis 45:452–455, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relations of bulimic symptom frequency and intensity to psychosocial impairment and health care utilization: Results from a community‐recruited sample
Authors: Spoor Sonja T.P. , Stice Eric , Burton Emily , Bohon Cara 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:To determine the frequency and intensity of bulimic symptoms related to psychosocial impairment and health care utilization.Method:Females (N = 1231, M age = 17.7, range 13–55) from four community‐recruited samples varying in bulimic pathology completed the eating disorder examination, social adjustment scale, and health survey utilization scale.Results:Co‐occurrence of binge eating and compensatory behaviors and solely compensatory behaviors ≥1 time/month were associated with elevations in psychosocial impairment. Co‐occurrence of both binge eating and compensatory behaviors and solely compensatory behaviors ≥8 times/month were related to greater service utilization. Solely binge eating and duration of bulimic behaviors were unrelated to these functional outcomes. Overvaluation of body shape and weight showed significant linear relations to the functional outcomes.Conclusion:Results suggest that current diagnostic thresholds for bulimia nervosa may be too high when considering functional impairment and service utilization and that different cut‐points need to be considered for different bulimic symptoms. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Evaluation of enantioselective binding of antihistamines to human serum albumin by ACE
Authors: Martínez‐Gómez María Amparo , Villanueva‐Camañas Rosa M. , Sagrado Salvador , Medina‐Hernández María José 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe drug binding to plasma and tissue proteins is a fundamental factor in determining the overall pharmacological activity of a drug. HSA, together with α1‐acid glycoprotein, are the most important plasma proteins, which act as drug carriers, with implications on the pharmacokinetic of drugs. Among plasma proteins, HSA possesses the highest enantioselectivity. In this paper, a new methodology for the study of enantiodifferentiation of chiral drugs with HSA is developed and applied to evaluate the possible enantioselective binding of four antihistamines: brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine and orphenadrine to HSA. This study includes the determination of affinity constants of drug enantiomers to HSA and the evaluation of the binding sites of antihistamines on the HSA molecule. The developed methodology includes the ultrafiltration of samples containing HSA and racemic antihistaminic drugs and the analysis of the free or bound drug fraction using the affinity EKC‐partial filling technique and HSA as chiral selector. The results shown in this paper represent the first evidence of the enantioselective binding of antihistamines to HSA, the major plasmatic protein.
Experiments on the hydrometallurgical treatment of copper slimes
Authors: Schoeller W. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractMany attempts have been made to find offective methods of dealing with slimes, the formation of which is one of the problems of oro dressing. Whilst in te United States, I undertook laboratory experiments on the recovery of copper from slimee by a hydrometallurgical process, Chiefly with a view to working them up at the same rate as they are produced at the concentrating plant. The material experimented upon was obtained from the dressing plant of one of the large western smeiters, and contained: Total copper, 2.85 per cent,; soluble copper, 0.32 per cent.; sulphide copper(by difference) 2.53 per cent. Atmospheric oxidation had practically no effect, the quantity of soluble copper being unchanged after 3 months. The rate of solution in water was found to be 0.10 per cent. per 3 months, some what less than at Rio Tinto. The behaviour of the material was tested towards solutions of ferric sulphate and cupric chloride, the solvents proposed in the Siemens und Halsko and the Hoepfner processes.
The fractional distillation of mixed pine woods
Authors: Peterson J. H. , Forrester R. E. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractLarge quantities of wood, mostly pine wood, have to be got rid of every year in our skipwords. The following experiments were undertaken witb a view to determining whether it would to possible to oarboniso the wood and recover the by‐products in such a manner an to make the process a commerical success.The exprimental plant consisted of a cylindrical iron retort six feet long by 14 inches in diameter, mounted in brick setting and hanted by hot air supplied in such as manner that the temperature inside the retort could be kept stationary at any point between 100°C. and 400°C for a Considerable length of time. The retort. holding about 4 owt of mixed pine wood, was connected with there condensors and rorubber in which to wash the escaping gears with the tar from a previous operation. In all the testa performed with this apparatus the temperature was raised from about 120°C. to 200°C. over a period of from 10 to 15 hours, and the distellate collected separately. The temperature was then raised to 400°C and the distillate passed into the series of conderusers mentioned above.
Development of the chorioallantoic placenta in Octodon degus—a model for growth processes in caviomorph rodents?
Authors: Mess Andrea 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe degu Octodon degus is one of the very few members of caviomorph or hystricognath Rodentia that possesses a simply arranged chorioallantoic placenta without advanced lobulation. Therefore this species was used as a model to study regional development and growth processes of the placenta, based on the examination of 20 individuals by light and electron microscopy as well as by using markers for proliferation, trophoblast and endometrial stroma. The results were interpreted by comparison with other hystricognaths in the light of their evolutionary history. It was found that trophoblast derived from the trophospongium is essential for extension of the placenta including the labyrinth: extensive proliferation is restricted to trophoblast cells at the outer margin of the placenta and along internally directed, finger‐tip like protrusions of fetal mesenchyme towards the labyrinth. This kind of placental development is regarded as part of the stem species pattern of hystricognaths, evolved more than 40 million years ago. It is indicated for the first time that the replenishment of the syncytiotrophoblast is similar to corresponding processes in the human placenta. In conclusion, the degu is a useful model for placental growth dynamics, particularly because of its simply arranged placental architecture, and may also serve as an animal model in comparison to human pregnancies. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 308B:371–383, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Some biological characteristics of transferred free flaps
Authors: Kozarski Jefta V. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAt the Clinic for plastic surgery and burns of the MMA, we examined 33 patients with transferred 5 cutaneous, 18 miocutaneous, and 10 osteocutaneous free flaps out of which 10 were done on foot, 13 on the lower leg, and 10 on the face. We analyzed the blood circulation (patency of arterial microanastomosis and perfusion) of transferred free flaps, recovery of sensitivity, functioning of the sebaceous and sweat glands as well as histomorphologic changes in the skin of the transferred free flaps during the period of 6 up to 36 months after the free flap transfer and compared with the same characteristics of the skin and tissue of the surrounding area of the recipient region. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
Video‐assisted versus conventional microsurgical training: A comparative study in the rat model
Authors: Blidisel Alexandru , Jiga Lucian , Nistor Alexandru , Dornean Vlad , Hoinoiu Bogdan , Ionac Mihai 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRecent technical development has led to remarkable performances in video‐guided surgical procedures. A video‐endoscopic system (VES) is evaluated as an alternative magnifying solution for microsurgical procedures and compared to table‐top microscopes in terms of technical and surgical aspects. Six surgical residents without microsurgical experience, alternating both systems, performed each 12 aortic end‐to‐end anastomoses on Sprague‐Dawley rats using the triangulation technique. All anastomoses underwent quality review, total and single suture time, suture spacing, vessel bite, vessel overlapping and wall penetration were evaluated and graded. Overall anastomosis quality score was 52.28 (out of a maximum of 140) using the microscope and 42.7 using the VES. Despite significant differences in total anastomosis time, the learning curves are similar for the two systems and no major differences were noted in terms of overall anastomosis quality. Video‐assisted microsurgery can become a useful instrument for microsurgery training. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2007.
On the problems of riblets as a drag reduction device
Authors: Arumugam G. , Pironneau O. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSome recent experiments have shown that it is possible to reduce the drag of a body in a uniform flow by digging tiny ribs or ‘riblets’ on its skin. This paper deals with (i) the formulation of the problem into a distributed parameter optimum design problem and (ii) with its numerical solution by the finite element method and the techniques of optimal control. Some numerically optimal riblets are presented.
A computational method for a general class of optimal control problems involving integrodifferential equations
Authors: Lukas M. A. , Teo K. L. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn this paper we consider a general class of optimal control problems involving integrodifferential equations. The integral equation component is a Volterra integral equation with convolution kernel. A method is proposed to approximate the kernel which gives rise to a system of ordinary differential equations approximating the Volterra integral equation. Thus the optimal control problem is approximated by a sequence of standard optimal control problems involving only differential equations. Each of the approximate problems is solvable by any of the existing methods for standard optimal control problems, such as the gradient restoration algorithm and the control parametrization algorithm. Convergence analysis is also carried out to justify the proposed approximation. As an application we consider an optimal control problem involving production and marketing systems with distributed time lags. This problem is then solved numerically using the proposed method.
Optimal operation of solar heat storage with off‐peak energy price incentive
Authors: Rink R. E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe problem of minimum cost control of a solar‐assisted heat pump/heat storage system is considered. The system is configured to have separate storage for collected solar heat and high‐temperature heat, so that night‐time (‘off‐peak’) operation of the heat pump is possible. The problem of finding the optimal operating strategy when electrical energy is priced at a discount during off‐peak hours is considered. The solution of the periodic optimization problem is obtained through the use of state increment dynamic programming, simplified through the use of state feedback linearization/decoupling and augmented with a label‐tracing procedure to identify the periodic but unknown initial/terminal state. The algorithm is applied for a typical case study. The results lead to several observations concerning economical operating strategies.
Selective over‐expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 and 4 in clinical prostate cancer
Authors: Sahadevan K , Darby S , Leung HY , Mathers ME , Robson CN , Gnanapragasam VJ 
Published: July 2007

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) mediate the tumourigenic effects of FGFs in prostate cancer. These receptors are therefore potential therapeutic targets in the development of inhibitors to this pathway. To identify the most relevant targets, we simultaneously investigated FGFR1–4 expression using a prostate cancer tissue microarray (TMA) and in laser capture microdissected (LCM) prostate epithelial cells. In malignant prostates (n = 138) we observed significant FGFR1 and FGFR4 protein over‐expression in comparison with benign prostates (n = 58; p < 0.0001). FGFR1 was expressed at high levels in the majority of tumours (69% of grade 3 or less, 74% of grade 4 and 70% of grade 5), while FGFR4 was strongly expressed in 83% of grade 5 cancers but in only 25% of grade 1–3 cancers (p < 0.0001). At the transcript level we observed a similar pattern, with FGFR1 and FGFR4 mRNA over‐expressed in malignant epithelial cells compared to benign cells (p < 0.0005 and p < 0.05, respectively). While total FGFR2 was increased in some cancers, there was no association between expression and tumour grade or stage. Transcript analysis, however, revealed a switch in the predominant isoform expressed from FGFR2IIIb to FGFR2IIIc among malignant epithelial cells. In contrast, protein and transcript expression of FGFR3 was very similar between benign and cancer biopsies. The functional effect of targeting FGFR4 in prostate cancer cells has not previously been investigated. In in vitro experiments, suppression of FGFR4 by RNA interference effectively blocked prostate cancer cell proliferation (p < 0.0001) and invasion (p < 0.001) in response to exogenous stimulation. This effect was evident regardless of whether the cells expressed the FGFR4 Arg388 or Gly388 allele. In parallel experiments, FGFR3 suppression had no discernible effect on cancer cell behaviour. These results suggest evidence of selective over‐expression of FGFR1 and FGFR4 in clinical prostate cancer and support the notion of targeted inhibition of these receptors to disrupt FGF signalling. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fracture evolution in thick composites under compression
Authors: Lin Yung‐Kun , Liu Hsien‐Kuang , Kuo Wen‐Shyong , Chen Yu‐Der 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study reports the evolution of fracture in thick woven fabric composites under static compression loading. The materials examined were carbon/epoxy composites laminated with up to 180 plies of the woven prepreg. A pressure rolling setup was designed and employed in the present materials in order to compact the laminate and to remove air possibly trapped in between plies. To apply the compressive load, an end‐supported, end‐loaded fixture was used. The growth of cracks was monitored and recorded in real‐time by picture and video cameras. The continuous monitoring of the failure progression provides detailed information about the onset and growth of cracks in various specimens under different support conditions. The modulus, strength, and the loss of stiffness in the post‐failure portion have been examined. The loading curves have several sudden drops and regains in the post‐failure portion. The causes of the sudden load drop can be identified by correlating with the corresponding fracture image. The influence of the support in the fixture has been examined. Two major modes of failure are fiber kink‐band and longitudinal splitting. The branching and coalescence of cracks of these two modes of failure have been observed and examined. Thickness effects exist in the present composites. The processing–property relationships are discussed. How these modes evolve with the applied strain in specimens of different thicknesses and how they affect the load‐carrying capability of the material are examined. POLYM. COMPOS., 28:425–436, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
Mid‐trimester amniocentesis and antibiotic prophylaxis
Authors: Gramellini Dandolo , Fieni Stefania , Casilla Giovanna , Raboni Stefano , Nardelli Giovanni Battista 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives and Methods Assuming that the rate of fetal loss after amniocentesis may be reduced in patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis, we conducted a retrospective study on untreated versus treated patients receiving prophylactic antibiotics (amoxicillin/clavulanic‐acid or azithromycin) and evaluated the fetal loss rate within the 22nd week of gestation, also with respect to the risk of spontaneous abortion, both preexisting and related to mid‐trimester amniocentesis.Results Spontaneous abortion occurred in 22 cases out of 1744 (1.26%). The incidence of spontaneous abortion was 1.3% among patients treated with antibiotic prophylaxis and 1.2% among untreated patients. Between patients with risk factors that predated amniocentesis, the spontaneous fetal loss rate was 9.2% in untreated patients versus 2.3% in patients treated (p = 0.10). In patients with procedure‐related risk factors at amniocentesis, the spontaneous abortion rate was, respectively, 2.2 and 1.2% (p = 0.72).Conclusion Our data demonstrate that antibiotic prophylaxis does not reduce the risk of spontaneous abortion within the 22nd week of gestation. Compared with untreated patients, patients treated with amoxicillin showed the lower fetal loss rate (1.16 vs 0.31%), but the difference was not statistically significant (odds ratio (OR) = 3.68, p = 0.32). The same was true for patients with preexisting risks (OR = 4.25, p = 0.10). Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal properties of polystyrene crosslinked with a multifunctional zirconium oxo cluster
Authors: Kogler Franz Rene , Koch Thomas , Peterlik Herwig , Seidler Sabine , Schubert Ulrich 
Published: July 2007

AbstractInorganic–organic hybrid materials were prepared by free radical polymerization of styrene in the presence of varying amounts of the cluster Zr6O4(OH)4 (methacrylate)12. Stepwise polymerization allowed the preparation of bubble‐ and crack‐free, transparent bulk samples on a 30 g scale with dimensions required for mechanical testing. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering investigations and transmission electron micrographs revealed that the clusters formed randomly distributed aggregates of random size. Solvent uptake in swelling experiments was related to the cluster proportion. Storage moduli in the glassy state were slightly increased when compared with neat polystyrene, but pronounced plateau moduli were observed above the glass transition temperature, which correlated to the cluster proportion. Plateau moduli were used to calculate network parameters such as network density. Onset temperatures of thermal decomposition and the glass transition temperatures of the cluster‐crosslinked polymers were higher than that of neat polystyrene. Thermal expansion coefficients were unaffected in the glassy state, but were gradually reduced above the glass transition temperature with increasing cluster proportion. Both the tensile moduli at room temperature and the yield points increased when polystyrene was doped with the cluster. The strain hardening moduli, as determined in compression tests at large deformations, increased linearly with the cluster proportion. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2215–2231, 2007
Growth of magnetite epitaxial thin films by gas flow sputtering and characterization by FMR
Authors: Sakuma Hiroshi , Sato Shota , Gomimoto Ryo , Hiyama Shunsuke , Ishii Kiyoshi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe growth of magnetite (Fe3O4) epitaxial thin films on MgO substrates were studied by using gas flow sputtering (GFS). Reflection high‐energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and atomic force microscopy showed that the surfaces of the films obtained at a substrate temperature Ts of 300 °C and oxygen flow rates FO2 of 0.12 − 0.18 sccm are fairly flat for the film thickness of about 200 nm. The saturation magnetization and resistivity were close to the reported values of Fe3O4 for Ts= 300°C and FO2 = 0.12–0.20sccm. The films obtained at Ts= 300°C and FO2=0.16 and 0.18 sccm showed Verwey transition, which is persuasive evidence of the formation of Fe3O4. The epitaxial relationship of Fe3O4(100)//MgO(100) and Fe3O4[100]//MgO[100] was confirmed by using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), and the anisotropy constants and magnetization were obtained by the fitting of resonance‐field versus applied‐field angle curves. © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.