bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between plasma circulating tumor DNA and the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Haowen , Jin Tao , Peng Yuhao , Luan Siyuan , Li Xiaokun , Xiao Xin , Yuan Yong 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The application of liquid biopsy analysis utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has gained prominence as a biomarker in specific cancer types. Nevertheless, the correlation between ctDNA and the prognostic outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) remains a subject of controversy. This meta-analysis aims to assess the correlation between ctDNA and the prognosis of EC patients.

Methods:
The authors systematically explored Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database to identify studies reporting on the prognostic value of ctDNA in EC patients before November 2023. The primary outcome involved the determine of associations between ctDNA with overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS), as well asprogression-free survival (PFS) among EC patients. Secondary outcomes encompassed a detailed subgroup analysis in the setting of EC, including parameters such as detection time, histological subtypes, treatment modalities, regions, anatomic locations, and detection methods. Publication bias was assessed utilizing Begg’s test, Egger’s test, and funnel plots. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by systematically excluding individual studies to evaluate the stability of the results.

Results:
A total of 1203 studies were initially screened, from which 13 studies underwent further analysis, encompassing 604 patients diagnosed with EC. The comprehensive pooled analysis indicated a significant association between the detection of ctDNA and poor OS (HR: 3.65; 95% CI: 1.97–6.75, P<0.001), DFS/RFS (HR: 6.08; 95% CI: 1.21–30.50, P<0.001), and PFS (HR: 2.84; 95% CI: 1.94–4.16, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that ctDNA remained a consistent negative predictor of OS when stratified by different detection time, histological subtypes, regions, anatomic locations, and detection methods. Furthermore, subgroup analysis stratified by regions and study types demonstrated an association between ctDNA detection and poor PFS in EC patients.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate plasma ctDNA may serve as robust prognostic markers for OS, DFS/RFS, and PFS among EC patients. This finding suggests that plasma ctDNA could offer a highly effective approach for risk stratification and personalized medicine.
Outpatient surgery benchmarks and practice variation patterns: case controlled study
Authors: Zhang Chi , Shariq Omair , Bews Katherine , Poruk Katherine , Mrdutt Mary M. , Foster Trenton , Etzioni David A. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Thiels Cornelius 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Despite numerous potential benefits of outpatient surgery, there is currently a lack of national benchmarking data available for hospitals and surgeons to compare their own outcomes as they transition toward outpatient surgery.

Materials and methods:
Patients who underwent 14 common general surgery operations from 2016 to 2020 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Operations were selected based on frequency and the ability to be performed both inpatient and outpatient. Postoperative complications and readmissions were compared between patients who underwent inpatient vs outpatient surgery. After adjusting for patient comorbidities, multivariable models assessed the effect of patient characteristics on the odds of experiencing postoperative complications. A separate multi-institutional study of 21 affiliated hospitals assessed practice variation.

Results:
In 13 of the 14 studied procedures, complications were lower for patients who were selected for outpatient surgery (all P<0.01); minimally invasive (MIS) adrenalectomy showed no difference (P=0.61). Multivariable analysis confirmed these findings; the odds of experiencing any adverse events were lower following outpatient surgery in all operations but MIS adrenalectomy (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.47–2.02). Analysis of institutional practices demonstrated variation in the rate of outpatient surgery in certain breast, endocrine, and hernia repair operations.

Conclusions:
Institutional practice patterns may explain the national variation in the rate of outpatient surgery. While the present data does not support the adoption of outpatient surgery to less optimal candidates, addressing unexplained practice variations could result in improved utilization of outpatient surgery.
Antimicrobial stewardship and molecular diagnostics: a symbiotic approach to combating resistance in the ED and ICU
Authors: De Waele Jan J. , Boelens Jerina 
Published: March 2024

Purpose of review
This review aims to evaluate the incorporation of rapid molecular diagnostics (RMD) in antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in the management of patients in the emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU), highlighting a shift from conventional microbiological diagnostic tests to RMD strategies to optimize antimicrobial use and improve patient outcomes.

Recent findings
Recent advances in RMD have demonstrated the superior accuracy of RMD in identifying pathogens, combined with shorter turnaround times. RMD allows speeding up of antimicrobial decision making in the ED and facilitates faster escalation when empirical therapy was inappropriate, as well as more efficient de-escalation of empirical therapy later in the course of the treatment. Implementation of RMD however may be challenging.

Summary
RMD hold great value in simplifying patient management and mitigating antimicrobial exposure, particularly in settings with high levels of antimicrobial resistance where the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials is high. While the impact on the use of antimicrobials is significant, the impact on patient outcomes is not yet clear. Successful integration of RMD in clinical decision making in the ED and ICU requires a team approach and continued education, and its use should be adapted to the local epidemiology and infrastructure.
Illness Perception and Benefit Finding of Thyroid Cancer Survivors: A Chain Mediating Model of Sense of Coherence and Self-disclosure
Authors: Zhang Xu , Huang Tingting , Sun Di , Liu Meishuo , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: March 2024

Background
Benefit finding is gaining attention as a strong predictor of quality of life, but few studies have addressed the mechanisms of its development.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between illness perception and benefit finding in female thyroid cancer survivors and to further elucidate the mechanisms by which illness perception contributes to benefit finding through sense of coherence and self-disclosure.

Methods
A total of 280 female thyroid cancer survivors completed the questionnaire between January and August 2023. The study investigated participants’ baseline information, illness perception, sense of coherence, self-disclosure, and benefit finding. The bootstrap method was used to test the chain mediation effect.

Results
The findings showed that in the chain-mediated model, illness perception negatively predicted sense of coherence (β = −.475, P < .001) and self-disclosure (β = −.335, P < .001). Sense of coherence positively predicted self-disclosure (β = .272, P < .001) and benefit finding (β = .251, P < .001). Self-disclosure positively predicted benefit finding (β = .213, P < .001). The separate mediating roles of sense of coherence and self-disclosure between illness perception and benefit finding were both significant, as were the chained mediating roles of sense of coherence, and self-disclosure.

Conclusion
This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the mechanisms of benefit finding and provides precise targets for clinical intervention.

Implications for Practice
Healthcare professionals can improve mental health outcomes by improving cancer survivors’ disease awareness, fostering their sense of coherence, and encouraging moderate self-disclosure to achieve benefit finding.
Effectiveness of Computerized Cognitive Training on Working Memory in Pediatric Cancer Survivors
Authors: Lam Katherine K. W. , Ho K. Y. , Liu Anthony P. K. , Liu Charlotte Q. , Ng Ming Hong , Lam Ting Chak , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Hammoda Abu-Odah , Yang Funa , Yuen Wai Man , Chan Godfrey C. F. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Interactive features of computerized cognitive training (CCT) may enhance adherence to training, providing a relatively low-cost intervention. A robust systematic review on the effectiveness of CCT for improving working memory (WM) among pediatric survivors with cancer is lacking.

Objective
To summarize the available evidence and determine the effectiveness of CCT for WM among pediatric survivors with cancer.

Interventions/Methods
Five databases were searched. The Effective Public Health Practice Project was used to assess the study quality. ReviewerManager was used. The primary outcome was WM performance. Secondary outcomes included processing speed, attention, intervention adherence, and number of adverse events.

Results
Six studies were included. Regarding overall quality, 1 study was weak, and 5 studies were moderate. Five studies reported a significant improvement of WM postintervention (P < .05). The meta-analysis of Cogmed interventions on symbolic WM revealed a significant difference between groups (vs placebo), with an overall pooled effect size of 0.71 (95% confidence interval, 0.02-1.41; P = .04). Two and 4 studies investigated the effects of CCT on processing speed and attention, respectively, with conflicting results. Four studies reported adherence of 80% or greater. Two studies reported no adverse events.

Conclusions
Computerized cognitive training using Cogmed has a significant positive effect on WM. The effects of CCT on processing speed and attention remain inconclusive.

Implications for Practice
More rigorous trials should be conducted to elucidate the cognitive effects of CCT, particularly processing speed and attention, in the pediatric population with cancer. Further studies should consider combining CCT with other existing interventions to strengthen their effectiveness.
A General Approach to Patients Presenting With Locally Advanced or Distant Metastatic Disease
Authors: Smithy James W. , Chapman Paul B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The widespread adoption of immune checkpoint inhibitors and small molecule inhibitors of the MAP kinase pathway has transformed the management of locally advanced and metastatic melanoma. Here, we provide a broad overview on the use of these agents in the first-line setting, incorporating a review of the clinical literature as well as the practice patterns of our respective melanoma groups. Throughout, we highlight areas of uncertainty that provide opportunities for future clinical investigation and additional improvement in outcomes for patients with melanoma.
Local and Systemic Management Options for Melanoma Brain Metastases
Authors: Amouzegar Afsaneh , Tawbi Hussein A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Development of brain metastasis is one of the most serious complications of advanced melanoma, carrying a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. Although advances in local treatment modalities such as stereotactic radiosurgery and breakthrough systemic therapies including immunotherapy and targeted therapies have improved the outcomes of patients with metastatic melanoma, management of patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBMs) remains challenging. Notably, patients with MBMs have historically been excluded from clinical trials, limiting insights into their specific treatment responses. Encouragingly, a growing body of evidence shows the potential of systemic therapies to yield durable intracranial responses in these patients, highlighting the need for inclusion of patients with MBMs in future clinical trials. This is pivotal for expediting the advancement of novel therapies tailored to this distinct patient population. In this review, we will highlight the evolving landscape of MBM management, focusing on local and systemic treatment strategies.
Cingulotomy: the last man standing in the battle against medically refractory poststroke pain
Authors: Kollenburg Linda , Kurt Erkan , Arnts Hisse , Vinke Saman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Central poststroke pain (CPSP) places a huge burden on patient lives because patients are often refractory to conventional strategies and have little chance for spontaneous recovery. A subset of patients is even given approval for euthanasia and is without any perspective. Because the anterior cingulate cortex historically seems to be a promising target for patients with both mental and chronic pain disorders, lesioning of this central “hub” with cingulotomy may be a useful strategy for medically refractory CPSP. However, limited research is available on cingulotomy for central pain. Hence, we represent a rare case in which cingulotomy is performed on a patient with CPSP.

Objectives:
To describe the potential of cingulotomy in a case with CPSP.

Methods:
The case presented in this study concerns a 60-year-old woman who experienced CPSP, caused by a hemorrhagic stroke in the basal ganglia and thalamus. The patient visited several centers and tried multiple off-label treatments; however, she was told nothing else could be done and was even given approval for euthanasia. Hence, anterior cingulotomy was performed.

Results:
After surgery, no transient adverse events occurred, except for vocabulary disturbances post stroke, which disappeared after several weeks. After 14 weeks, changes in pain behavior were observed, followed by a decreased pain intensity. At a later follow-up, the pain had completely disappeared.

Conclusion:
Anterior cingulotomy seems to be a suitable “last-resort” option for patients with CPSP. Future research, including homogenous groups, to define the best location for lesioning is required to allow the revival of this “old” technique in the current era.
Delayed-Onset Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension After Liposuction
Authors: Mehta Nina , Rajagopal Usha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Although systemic complications following liposuction are rare, visual impairment has been reported in a few cases and may occur for a variety of reasons. Here we present the case of a 31-year-old woman who underwent 360° liposuction and subsequently developed headaches and delayed partial visual disturbance 10 days after the procedure. She had symptoms suggestive of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, which was confirmed by lumbar puncture. A literature search revealed other case reports of visual changes or headaches following high-volume liposuction. Our case provides further evidence of a rare association between liposuction and idiopathic intracranial hypertension, emphasizing the need for thorough preoperative evaluations and the consideration of possible risks.
A Systematic Review of Registered Clinical Trials for Peripheral Nerve Injuries
Authors: Elhelali Ala , Tuffaha Sami 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Upper extremity peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) significantly impact daily functionality and necessitate effective treatment strategies. Clinical trials play a crucial role in developing these strategies. However, challenges like retrospective data collection, reporting biases, inconsistent outcome measures, and inadequate data sharing practices hinder effective research and treatment advancements. This review aims to analyze the landscape of reporting, methodological design, outcome measures, and data sharing practices in registered clinical trials concerning upper extremity PNIs. It seeks to guide future research in this vital area by identifying current trends and gaps.
A systematic search was conducted on ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform up to November 10, 2023, using a combination of MeSH terms and keywords related to upper extremity nerve injury. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed, and the studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis of findings was performed, with statistical analysis for associations and completion rates.
Of 3051 identified studies, 96 met the inclusion criteria. These included 47 randomized controlled trials, 27 nonrandomized trials, and others. Sensory objective measures were the most common primary outcomes. Only 13 studies had a data sharing plan. The analysis revealed varied intervention methods and inconsistencies in outcome measures. There was a significant association between study funding, design, and completion status, but no association between enrollment numbers and completion.
This review highlights the need for standardized outcome measures, patient-centered assessments, and improved data sharing in upper extremity PNI trials. The varied nature of interventions and inconsistency in outcome measures indicate the necessity for more rigorous and transparent research practices to strengthen the evidence base for managing these injuries.
A Scoping Review of Interprofessional Simulation-Based Team Training Programs
Authors: Bochatay Naike , Ju Mindy , O'Brien Bridget C. , van Schaik Sandrijn M. 
Published: March 2024

Summary Statement
Interprofessional simulation-based team training (ISBTT) is promoted as a strategy to improve collaboration in healthcare, and the literature documents benefits on teamwork and patient safety. Teamwork training in healthcare is traditionally grounded in crisis resource management (CRM), but it is less clear whether ISBTT programs explicitly take the interprofessional context into account, with complex team dynamics related to hierarchy and power. This scoping review examined key aspects of published ISBTT programs including (1) underlying theoretical frameworks, (2) design features that support interprofessional learning, and (3) reported behavioral outcomes. Of 4854 titles identified, 58 articles met inclusion criteria. Most programs were based on CRM and related frameworks and measured CRM outcomes. Only 12 articles framed ISBTT as interprofessional education and none measured all interprofessional competencies. The ISBTT programs may be augmented by integrating theoretical concepts related to power and intergroup relations in their design to empower participants to navigate complex interprofessional dynamics.
Astronomy from the moon in the next decades: from exoplanets to cosmology in visible light and beyond
Authors: Schneider Jean , Kervella Pierre , Labeyrie Antoine 
Published: March 2024

We look at what astronomy from the Moon might be like over the next few decades. The Moon offers the possibility of installing large telescopes or interferometers with instruments larger than those on orbiting telescopes. We first present examples of ambitious science cases, in particular ideas that cannot be implemented from Earth. After a general review of observational approaches, from photometry to high contrast and high angular resolution imaging, we propose as a first step a 1-metre-class precursor and explore what science can be done with it. We add a proposal to use the Earth–Moon system to test the quantum physics theory.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Astronomy from the Moon: the next decades (part 2)'.
The lunar dust environment: concerns for Moon-based astronomy
Authors: Horányi Mihály , Szalay Jamey R. , Wang Xu 
Published: March 2024

The Moon has no atmosphere, hence, it offers a unique opportunity to place telescopes on its surface for astronomical observations. It is phase-locked with Earth, and its far side remains free from ground-based interference, enabling the optimal use of radio telescopes. However, the surface of the Moon, as any other airless planetary object in the solar system, is continually bombarded by interplanetary dust particles that cause impact damage and generate secondary ejecta particles that continually overturn the top layer of the lunar regolith. In addition, there is evidence, that small particles comprising the lunar regolith can be electrically charged, mobilized and transported, also representing a hazard for covering sensitive surfaces and interfering with exposed mechanical structures. In addition to the naturally occurring dust transport, rocket firings during landings and take-offs, pedestrian and motorized vehicle traffic will also liberate copious amounts of dust, representing a potential hazard for the safe and optimal use of optical platforms.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Astronomy from the Moon: the next decades (part 2)’.
Can You Beat the Music? Validation of a Gamified Rhythmic Training in Children with ADHD
Authors: Jamey Kevin , Laflamme Hugo , Foster Nick E. V. , Rigoulot Simon , Kotz Sonja A. , Bella Simone Dalla 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeurodevelopmental disorders like ADHD can affect rhythm perception and production, impacting the performance in attention and sensorimotor tasks. Improving rhythmic abilities through targeted training might compensate for these cognitive functions. We introduce a novel protocol for training rhythmic skills via a tablet-based serious game called Rhythm Workers (RW). This proof-of-concept study tested the feasibility of using RW in children with ADHD. We administered an at-home longitudinal protocol across Canada. A total of 27 children (7-13 years) were randomly assigned to either a finger-tapping rhythmic game (RW) or a control game with comparable auditory-motor demands but without beat-synchronization (active control condition). Participants played the game for 300 minutes over two weeks. We collected data (self-reported and logged onto the device) on game compliance and acceptance. Further, we measured rhythmic abilities using the Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA). The current findings show that both games were equally played in duration, rated similarly for overall enjoyment, and relied on similar motor activity (finger taps). The children who played RW showed improved general rhythmic abilities compared to controls; these improvements were also positively related to the playing duration. We also present preliminary evidence that executive functioning improved in those who played RW but not controls. These findings indicate that both games are well-matched. RW demonstrates efficacy in enhancing sensorimotor skills in children with ADHD, potentially benefiting executive functioning. A future RCT with extended training and sample size could further validate these skill transfer effects.