bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic-walled microfossils from the Ediacaran Sete Lagoas Formation, Bambuí Group, Southeast Brazil: taxonomic and biostratigraphic analyses
Authors: Denezine Matheus , do Carmo Dermeval Aparecido , Xiao Shuhai , Tang Qing , Sergeev Vladmir , Mazoni Alysson Fernandes , Zabini Carolina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis work presents a detailed taxonomic study on organic-walled microfossils from the Ediacaran Sete Lagoas Formation (Bambuí Group) at the Barreiro section in the Januária area of the São Francisco basin, Brazil. Seven species are described, includingSiphonophycus robustum(Schopf, 1968),Ghoshia januarensisnew species,Leiosphaeridia crassa(Naumova, 1949),Leiosphaeridia jacutica(Timofeev, 1966),Leiosphaeridia minutissima(Naumova, 1949),Leiosphaeridia tenuissimaEisenack, 1958, and Germinosphaera bispinosaMikhailova, 1986. These taxa are recovered for the first time in the Sete Lagoas Formation. They occur abundantly in the lower portion of the studied section, but onlyGhoshia januarensisis present in the upper part of the studied section, probably due to environmental or taphonomic changes.Leiosphaeridiaspecies, particularlyLeiosphaeridia minutissima, dominate the organic-walled microfossil assemblage. Although most taxa described here have long stratigraphic ranges, they are consistent with a terminal Ediacaran age as inferred from detrital zircon data and tubular fossils (e.g.,CloudinaandCorumbella) from the Sete Lagoas Formation.UUID:http://zoobank.org/7f92b900-0176-4da6-93a3-fd51edb22cbf
Thorny entanglements: feminism, eugenics and the Abortion Law Reform Association’s (ALRA) campaign for safe, accessible abortion in Britain, 1936–1967
Authors: Klausen Susanne Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor the past two decades anti-abortionists in the Global North have been aggressively instrumentalising disability in order to undermine women’s social autonomy, asserting, falsely, there is an insuperable conflict between disability rights and reproductive rights. The utilisation of disability in struggles over abortion access is not new, it has a history dating back to the interwar era. Indeed, decades before anti-abortionists’ campaign, feminists invoked disability to expand access to safe abortion. This paper examines the feminist eugenics in the first organisation dedicated to liberalising restrictive abortion laws, the Abortion Law Reform Association (ALRA), established in England in 1936. ALRA played a vital role in the passage of the Abortion Act 1967 (or the Act) that greatly expanded the grounds for legal abortion, a hugely important gain for women in Britain and beyond seeking legal, safe abortions. In addition, the Act permitted eugenic abortion, which also had transnational effects: within a decade, jurisdictions in numerous Commonwealth countries passed abortion laws that incorporated the Act’s eugenics clause, sometimes verbatim. This essay analyses ALRA’s role in codifying eugenics in the Abortion Act 1967 and argues that from the outset, ALRA was simultaneously a feminist and eugenist association. Initially, ALRA prioritized their feminist commitment to ‘voluntary motherhood’ in their campaign whereas starting in the 1940s, they subordinated feminism to negative eugenics, a shift that was simultaneously strategic and a reflection of genuine concern to prevent the birth of children with disabilities.
Sergei Chakhotin against the Swastika: Mass Psychology and Scientific Organization in the Iron Front's Three Arrows Campaign
Authors: Diehl Benjamin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article details the influence of Russian psychologist Sergei Chakhotin on the propaganda of the Iron Front, an antifascist organization that resisted the rise of the Nazis in the dying days of the Weimar Republic. Notably the creator of the Three Arrows symbol, Chakhotin espoused theories and methods that used Ivan Pavlov's notion of the conditioned reflex and Fredrick Taylor's theory of scientific management to transform socialist propaganda to better combat the rise of fascism. By scrutinizing Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) periodicals and Iron Front propaganda, I argue that Chakhotin's ideas played a crucial role in catalyzing changes in the form and content of street campaigning throughout 1932. Chakhotin provided a scientific lens through which his allies in the SPD could view and understand the mass appeal of the Nazis, as well as the necessary changes in party tactics that were required in the age of mass media, popular spectacle, and emotional struggle.
The silent epidemic of loneliness: identifying the antecedents of loneliness using a lagged exposure-wide approach
Authors: Hong Joanna H. , Nakamura Julia S. , Sahakari Sakshi S. , Chopik William J. , Shiba Koichiro , VanderWeele Tyler J. , Kim Eric S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundA large and accumulating body of evidence shows that loneliness is detrimental for various health and well-being outcomes. However, less is known about potentially modifiable factors that lead to decreased loneliness.MethodsWe used data from the Health and Retirement Study to prospectively evaluate a wide array of candidate predictors of subsequent loneliness. Importantly, we examined if changes in 69 physical-, behavioral-, and psychosocial-health factors (from t0;2006/2008 to t1;2010/2012) were associated with subsequent loneliness 4 years later (t2;2014/2016).ResultsAdjusting for a large range of covariates, changes in certain health behaviors (e.g. increased physical activity), physical health factors (e.g. fewer functioning limitations), psychological factors (e.g. increased purpose in life, decreased depression), and social factors (e.g. greater number of close friends) were associated with less subsequent loneliness.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that subjective ratings of physical and psychological health and perceived social environment (e.g. chronic pain, self-rated health, purpose in life, anxiety, neighborhood cohesion) are more strongly associated with subsequent loneliness. Yet, objective ratings (e.g. specific chronic health conditions, living status) show less evidence of associations with subsequent loneliness. The current study identified potentially modifiable predictors of subsequent loneliness that may be important targets for interventions aimed at reducing loneliness.
Yeats's Photographs and the World Theatre of Images
Authors: Riordan Kevin 
Published: March 2024

W. B. Yeats's dramatic career was transformed in the 1910s through a series of collaborations in London. In an essay from the period, “Certain Noble Plays of Japan,” he writes: “I have invented a form of drama, distinguished, indirect and symbolic.” This form, like many other modernist inventions, is better understood as something else, in this case the alchemy of his earlier work, some eclectic influences, and the contributions of his American, English, French, and Japanese collaborators. Together, this group of artists drew on Irish mythology, the occult, the continental avant-garde, and—as often has been stressed—Japanese noh. Originally, the “Certain Noble Plays” essay was published as an introduction to a related noh project, Ezra Pound's liberal completion of Ernest Fenollosa and Hirata Kiichi's incomplete translations. There have been at least four book-length studies on the relationship between Yeats and noh, as well as many theses and articles. It remains an exemplum of transnational modernist theatre.
Interplay of missed opportunity for vaccination and poor response to the vaccine led to measles outbreak in a slum area of Eastern Mumbai, India
Authors: Yadav Reetika Malik , Gomare Mangala , Gaikwad Arun , Waghmare Upalimitra , Betodkar Utkarsh , Vashi Meeta Dhaval , Kamal Vineet Kumar , Thangaraj Jeromie Wesley Vivian , Bangar Sampada , Bhatnagar Tarun , Murhekar Manoj 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the third week of September 2022, an outbreak of measles was reported from a slum in Eastern Mumbai, India. We sought to investigate whether failure to vaccinate or vaccine failure was the cause. We constructed an epidemic curve, drew a spot map, and calculated the attack rate and case-fatality ratio. We calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for one and two doses of measles vaccine in an unmatched case–control study and did stratified analysis by sex, availability of vaccination card, and migrant status. We identified 358 cases and four deaths with a 11.3% attack rate and 1.1% case fatality, both being highest among 0–24-month-old boys. The epidemic curve suggested a propagated mode of spread. The VE for two doses was 64% (95% confidence interval (CI): 23–73%) among under-5-year-old children and 70% (95% CI: 28–88%) among 5–15-year-old children. Failure to vaccinate, consequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, and vaccine hesitancy might have led to the accumulation of susceptible children in the community. Additionally, the occurrence of case-patients among vaccinated suggests reduced VE, which needs further investigation into humoral and cell-mediated immunity as well as contributory factors including nutritional status. Outbreak response immunization to complete immunization of missed and dropout children was carried out to control the outbreak.
What is a ‘National’ ‘Health’ ‘Service’? A keyword analysis of policy documents leading to the formation of the UK NHS
Authors: Powell Martin , Williams Iestyn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the keywords of ‘National’, ‘Health’ and Service’ in the road to the NHS in 1948. It uses a form of Qualitative Content Analysis to analyse key documents in the period leading to the ‘Appointed Day’ when the NHS was created in 1948. In terms of ‘national’, most documents favoured Local Authorities, with ‘National’ coming rather late in the day. For ‘health’, most of the documents ‘talk’ of a broad or ‘positive’ health, but they lack any specific details, and seem to focus on a narrower curative medical service. Finally, most proposals relating to ‘service’ are based on insurance and a ‘90% service’, with the free and universal (100%) service arriving rather late in the period. Clearly, the three keywords could be combined in many ways, resulting in many possible types of NHS. However, bringing them together suggests that it was probably only with Beveridge onwards that the three keywords of national, health and service (citizenship) combined to form Bevan's NHS.
Genomics Research of Lifetime Depression in the Netherlands: The BIObanks Netherlands Internet Collaboration (BIONIC) Project
Authors: Huider Floris , Milaneschi Yuri , Hottenga Jouke-Jan , Bot Mariska , Rietman M. Liset , Kok Almar A.L. , Galesloot Tessel E. , ‘t Hart Leen M. , Rutters Femke , Blom Marieke T. , Rhebergen Didi , Visser Marjolein , Brouwer Ingeborg , Feskens Edith , Hartman Catharina A. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , de Geus Eco J.C. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Huisman Martijn , Picavet H. Susan J. , Verschuren W.M. Monique , van Loo Hanna M. , Penninx Brenda W.J.H. , Boomsma Dorret I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this cohort profile article we describe the lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) database that has been established as part of the BIObanks Netherlands Internet Collaboration (BIONIC). Across the Netherlands we collected data on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) lifetime MDD diagnosis in 132,850 Dutch individuals. Currently, N = 66,684 of these also have genomewide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. We initiated this project because the complex genetic basis of MDD requires large population-wide studies with uniform in-depth phenotyping. For standardized phenotyping we developed the LIDAS (LIfetime Depression Assessment Survey), which then was used to measure MDD in 11 Dutch cohorts. Data from these cohorts were combined with diagnostic interview depression data from 5 clinical cohorts to create a dataset of N = 29,650 lifetime MDD cases (22%) meeting DSM-5 criteria and 94,300 screened controls. In addition, genomewide genotype data from the cohorts were assembled into a genomewide association study (GWAS) dataset of N = 66,684 Dutch individuals (25.3% cases). Phenotype data include DSM-5-based MDD diagnoses, sociodemographic variables, information on lifestyle and BMI, characteristics of depressive symptoms and episodes, and psychiatric diagnosis and treatment history. We describe the establishment and harmonization of the BIONIC phenotype and GWAS datasets and provide an overview of the available information and sample characteristics. Our next step is the GWAS of lifetime MDD in the Netherlands, with future plans including fine-grained genetic analyses of depression characteristics, international collaborations and multi-omics studies.
Nonlinear Interactions of Sea‐Level Rise and Storm Tide Alter Extreme Coastal Water Levels: How and Why?
Authors: Moftakhari H. , Muñoz D. F. , Akbari Asanjan A. , AghaKouchak A. , Moradkhani H. , Jay D. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSea‐level rise (SLR) increasingly threatens coastal communities around the world. However, not all coastal communities are equally threatened, and realistic estimation of hazard is difficult. Understanding SLR impacts on extreme sea level is challenging due to interactions between multiple tidal and non‐tidal flood drivers. We here use global hourly tidal data to show how and why tides and surges interact with mean sea level (MSL) fluctuations. At most locations around the world, the amplitude of at least one tidal constituent and/or amplitude of non‐tidal residual have changed in response to MSL variation over the past few decades. In 37% of studied locations, “Potential Maximum Storm Tide” (PMST), a proxy for extreme sea level dynamics, co‐varies with MSL variations. Over all stations, the median PMST will be 20% larger by the mid‐century, and conventional approaches that simply shift the current storm tide regime up at the rate of projected SLR may underestimate the flooding hazard at these locations by up to a factor of four. Micro‐ and meso‐tidal systems and those with diurnal tidal regime are generally more susceptible to altered MSL than other categories. The nonlinear interactions of MSL and storm tide captured in PMST statistics contribute, along with projected SLR, to the estimated increase in flood hazard at three‐fourth of studied locations by mid‐21st century. PMST is a threshold that captures nonlinear interactions between extreme sea level components and their co‐evolution over time. Thus, use of this statistic can help direct assessment and design of critical coastal infrastructure.
Drought‐Induced Vertical Displacements and Water Loss in the Po River Basin (Northern Italy) From GNSS Measurements
Authors: Pintori F. , Serpelloni E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study vertical ground displacement time series from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations to measure deformation associated with hydrological drought in the Po river basin. Focusing on interannual trend changes, rather than seasonal (annual) components, we found a clear spatially correlated deformation signal that is temporally (anti)correlated with changes in the Po river level and the SPEI‐12 drought index, with stations moving upward during periods of river/index level decrease and vice versa. In the 2021–2022 time span, which culminated in the most severe drought of the last two centuries, we estimate the amount and spatial distribution of water loss in the basin and its surroundings. Excluding the seasonal signals, between January 2021 and August 2022, the GNSS stations underwent uplift, up to 7 mm, which corresponds to ∼70 Gtons of water loss. Compared to Global Land Data Assimilation System and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment estimates, GNSS results show a similar temporal evolution of water content but a more heterogeneous distribution of values. We show that continuous GNSS networks provide an effective way to monitor multiannual trend changes in water storage even in small water basins and serve as a reliable indicator of drought severity.
Uncertainty Quantification in Geochemical Mapping: A Review and Recommendations
Authors: Wang J. , Zuo R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGeochemical mapping is a crucial tool that can provide valuable insights for a wide range of applications, including mineral resources prospecting, environmental impact assessment, geological process understanding, and climate change research. Despite its significance, geochemical mapping requires spatial modeling based on sparse, heterogeneous, and potentially inaccurate data sets. Moreover, the underlying geological processes are often imperfectly understood. Therefore, uncertainty quantification (UQ) is vital in geochemical mapping to ensure accurate and reliable results, ultimately facilitating well‐informed decision‐making. In this contribution, we distinguish two primary types of uncertainties: systemic and stochastic. We identify the key sources of uncertainties in geochemical mapping and review the techniques that have been employed or hold potential for uncertainty quantification, communication, visualization, and sensitivity analysis. This contribution also illustrates the general procedure of UQ in geochemical mapping by a case study of mapping geochemical anomalies associated with gold mineralization in northwestern Sichuan Province, China. We also explore potential strategies for mitigating the critical uncertainties, such as gathering more geochemical data, developing more effective models, enhancing our understanding of the geochemical dispersion process, or leveraging other thematic information or knowledge. Future research should prioritize addressing underexplored uncertainties and implementing more practical applications to validate the UQ procedure in geochemical mapping.
Genetics of environmental sensitivity and its association with variations in emotional problems, autistic traits, and wellbeing
Authors: Assary Elham , Oginni Olakunle A. , Morneau-Vaillancourt Genevieve , Krebs Georgina , Peel Alicia J. , Palaiologou Elisavet , Lockhart Celestine , Ronald Angelica , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGreater environmental sensitivity has been associated with increased risk of mental health problems, especially in response to stressors, and lower levels of subjective wellbeing. Conversely, sensitivity also correlates with lower risk of emotional problems in the absence of adversity, and in response to positive environmental influences. Additionally, sensitivity has been found to correlate positively with autistic traits. Individual differences in environmental sensitivity are partly heritable, but it is unknown to what extent the aetiological factors underlying sensitivity overlap with those on emotional problems (anxiety and depressive symptoms), autistic traits and wellbeing. The current study used multivariate twin models and data on sensitivity, emotional problems, autistic traits, and several indices of psychological and subjective wellbeing, from over 2800 adolescent twins in England and Wales. We found that greater overall sensitivity correlated with greater emotional problems, autistic traits, and lower subjective wellbeing. A similar pattern of correlations was found for the Excitation and Sensory factors of sensitivity, but, in contrast, the Aesthetic factor was positively correlated with psychological wellbeing, though not with emotional problems nor autistic traits. The observed correlations were largely due to overlapping genetic influences. Importantly, genetic influences underlying sensitivity explained between 2 and 12% of the variations in emotional problems, autistic traits, and subjective wellbeing, independent of trait-specific or overlapping genetic influences. These findings encourage incorporating the genetics of environmental sensitivity in future genomic studies aiming to delineate the heterogeneity in emotional problems, autistic traits, and wellbeing.
Ethics and accountability for clinical trials
Authors: Barretto Tanya A. , Tetzlaff Wolfram , Illes Judy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn May 2023, a disclaimer posted on ClinicalTrials.gov dismisses accountability for the accuracy of registered information. For spinal cord injury, inconsistencies in intervention classification, phase designation, and lack of study protocols and results threaten the integrity of the database and put users at risk. An investment in what the resource should be rather than what it is not will give it the authority commensurate with the requirements for its regulatory use and informed decision-making for prospective trial participants.
Population-wide cerebellar growth models of children and adolescents
Authors: Gaiser Carolin , van der Vliet Rick , de Boer Augustijn A. A. , Donchin Opher , Berthet Pierre , Devenyi Gabriel A. , Mallar Chakravarty M. , Diedrichsen Jörn , Marquand Andre F. , Frens Maarten A. , Muetzel Ryan L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the past, the cerebellum has been best known for its crucial role in motor function. However, increasingly more findings highlight the importance of cerebellar contributions in cognitive functions and neurodevelopment. Using a total of 7240 neuroimaging scans from 4862 individuals, we describe and provide detailed, openly available models of cerebellar development in childhood and adolescence (age range: 6–17 years), an important time period for brain development and onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. Next to a traditionally used anatomical parcellation of the cerebellum, we generated growth models based on a recently proposed functional parcellation. In both, we find an anterior-posterior growth gradient mirroring the age-related improvements of underlying behavior and function, which is analogous to cerebral maturation patterns and offers evidence for directly related cerebello-cortical developmental trajectories. Finally, we illustrate how the current approach can be used to detect cerebellar abnormalities in clinical samples.
Ultrafast magnetization enhancement via the dynamic spin-filter effect of type-II Weyl nodes in a kagome ferromagnet
Authors: Lu Xianyang , Lin Zhiyong , Pi Hanqi , Zhang Tan , Li Guanqi , Gong Yuting , Yan Yu , Ruan Xuezhong , Li Yao , Zhang Hui , Li Lin , He Liang , Wu Jing , Zhang Rong , Weng Hongming , Zeng Changgan , Xu Yongbing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe magnetic type-II Weyl semimetal (MWSM) Co3Sn2S2 has recently been found to host a variety of remarkable phenomena including surface Fermi-arcs, giant anomalous Hall effect, and negative flat band magnetism. However, the dynamic magnetic properties remain relatively unexplored. Here, we investigate the ultrafast spin dynamics of Co3Sn2S2 crystal using time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect and reflectivity spectroscopies. We observe a transient magnetization behavior, consisting of spin-flipping dominated fast demagnetization, slow demagnetization due to overall half-metallic electronic structures, and an unexpected ultrafast magnetization enhancement lasting hundreds of picoseconds upon femtosecond laser excitation. By combining temperature-, pump fluence-, and pump polarization-dependent measurements, we unambiguously demonstrate the correlation between the ultrafast magnetization enhancement and the Weyl nodes. Our theoretical modelling suggests that the excited electrons are spin-polarized when relaxing, leading to the enhanced spin-up density of states near the Fermi level and the consequently unusual magnetization enhancement. Our results reveal the unique role of the Weyl properties of Co3Sn2S2 in femtosecond laser-induced spin dynamics.