bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated Blood Hemoglobin in Different Cavefish Populations Evolves Through Diverse Hemoglobin Gene Expression Patterns
Authors: Boggs Tyler E. , Gross Joshua B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCave‐dwelling animals thrive in isolated caves despite the pressures of darkness, starvation, and reduced oxygen. Prior work revealed that Astyanax cave‐dwelling morphs derived from different cave localities express significantly higher levels of blood hemoglobin compared to surface‐dwelling fish. Interestingly, this elevation is maintained in different populations of cavefish, despite captive rearing in normal oxygen conditions. We capitalized on the consistent response of elevated hemoglobin in captive cavefish, which were derived from geographically distinct regions, to determine if this elevation is underpinned by expression of the same Hb genes. Blood hemoglobin proteins are encoded by a large family of hemoglobin (Hb) gene family members, which demonstrate coordinated expression patterns, subject to various organismal (e.g., period of life history) and environmental influences (e.g., oxygen availability). Surprisingly, we found that geographically distinct populations showed mostly divergent patterns of Hb gene expression. Cavefish from two cave localities, Pachón and Tinaja, have a more recent shared origin, and show more similar Hb expression patterns as adults. However, during embryonic phases, Pachón and Tinaja show significant variability in timing of peak expression of Hb family members. In sum, the transcriptomic underpinnings of Hb gene expression represents a complex composite of shared and divergent expression patterns across three captive cavefish populations. We conclude that these differential patterns are likely influenced by life history, and the unique cave conditions in which these animals evolved.
Elevation in white blood cell count after corticosteroid use in noninfected hospitalized patients
Authors: Sullivan Erin , Schulte Rebecca , Rothberg Michael B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundIt is widely accepted that corticosteroids cause leukocytosis. Clinicians must decide whether a rise in white blood cell (WBC) count is due to steroids versus other processes like developing infection.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to measure the increase in white blood cell count after corticosteroid administration in hospitalized patients without malignancy, infection, or immune dysfunction.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study from 2017 to 2018 in a single large healthcare system. We analyzed the trajectory of WBC count stratified by steroid dose. The study included nonsurgical patients admitted with at least two complete blood count measurements. Patients were excluded if they had immunosuppression, infection, malignancy, or steroid use within 2 weeks before admission. The main outcome was mean WBC count by day following corticosteroid administration.ResultsOur sample included 28,425 patients with at least two WBC measurements, 1608 (5.7%) of which received steroids. WBC response peaked at 48 h after steroid administration with a mean increase of 2.4 × 109/L WBCs. In all patients on steroids, across doses, the mean increase was 0.3 × 109/L WBCs, 1.7 × 109/L WBCs, and 4.84 × 109/L WBCs in low, medium, and high dose groups, respectively. For patients not on steroids, the mean WBC count decreased during hospitalization.ConclusionsWhen interpreting WBC counts after initiating steroids, increases of up to 4.84 × 109/L cells may be seen within 48 h after high‐dose steroids. Larger increases, and any increase after low‐dose steroids, suggest other causes of leukocytosis.
突然発症の吸気性喘鳴を主訴に救急搬送され緊急気道確保を要した多系統萎縮症の1例(A case of multiple system atrophy with sudden onset stridor requiring emergency airway management)
Authors: 晴香 西田 , 正樹 戸村 , 拓世 千葉 , 弘之 村井 , 隆 志賀 
Published: February 2025

要旨我々は，吸気性喘鳴を発症し緊急気道確保を要した多系統萎縮症（multiple system atrophy: MSA）の1例を経験した。症例は65歳の女性。1年前から歩行障害を認め，神経変性疾患の疑いで脳神経内科に通院していた。歩行中に突然吸気性喘鳴を発症し，救急搬送された。到着時のSpO2 100%（酸素10L/分リザーバーマスク），呼吸数 32/分。努力様呼吸で，聴診せずとも吸気性喘鳴が聴取された。喉頭鏡検査で両側声帯の副正中位固定を認め，緊急気管挿管を実施した。身体所見から神経変性疾患による声帯外転障害を疑い，第3病日に気管切開を行った。第4病日に人工呼吸器を離脱した。精査の結果，第10病日にClinically established MSA–Pと診断した。MSAは，病状進行期に声帯外転障害を合併し，突然死の原因となることが知られている。本症例では，声帯外転障害による気道緊急には気管挿管で対応し，声帯外転障害の不可逆性には気管切開を実施した。吸気性喘鳴はMSAに特徴的な症状であり，神経変性疾患の中では稀である。MSAの初発症状が吸気性喘鳴だったとする例も報告されており，吸気性喘鳴がMSAの診断の手がかりとなる可能性が高い。臨床医は，原因不明の吸気性喘鳴に遭遇した際には，MSAを鑑別疾患に含めることが重要である。西田晴香と戸村正樹は筆頭著者として同等の貢献をした。
A Meta‐Analysis of the Effectiveness of Individual Career Counseling on Career and Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Milot‐Lapointe Francis , Arifoulline Nicole 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article reports on the results of the first meta‐analysis on the effectiveness of individual career counseling. This random‐effects meta‐analysis included 35 independent samples that produced a weighted mean effect size of g = 0.82 for career outcomes and g = 0.68 for mental health outcomes. These effect sizes were heterogeneous across samples. Categorical meta‐regressions indicated that five intervention components significantly predicted career counseling effects on career or mental health outcomes. These five components are psychoeducation concerning the decision process, cognitive restructuring, written exercises (occupational analyses), individualized feedback on career choice, and attention to decreasing potential obstacles. Our results suggest that individual career counseling can be a valuable mental health intervention when clients’ mental health difficulties are intertwined with career concerns. They also highlight the importance that individual career counseling incorporates the five critical intervention components identified in this study to foster positive career or mental health outcomes.
Presence of nonimpacted third molars affect the response of neighboring teeth to nonsurgical periodontal therapy
Authors: Gao Rui , Sun Li‐Juan , Zhang Xi‐Yu , Qu Hong‐Lei , Tian Yi , He Xiao‐Tao , Li Xuan , Tian Bei‐Min , Chen Fa‐Ming , Wu Rui‐Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study focused on whether the effectiveness of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on second molars (M2s) varies with the status of adjacent nonimpacted third molars (N‐M3s).MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, 776 regions from 268 patients were evaluated. Based on the adjacent N‐M3 status, quadrants with M2s were categorized into three groups: N‐M3 group (present N‐M3), A‐M3 group (absent M3), and R‐M3 group (removed N‐M3). The probing depth reduction (ΔPD) and the percentage of reversed deep pockets (PD5+ [probing depth ≥5 mm] turned to PD5−) after NSPT were analyzed among the three groups. The Wilcoxon nonparametric test was employed to compare the N‐M3 group with the A‐M3 group, with a mixed‐effect model utilized to adjust for confounding factors. Further, the R‐M3 group and the matched N‐M3 group were compared using the Wilcoxon nonparametric test.ResultsAfter isolating confounding factors (M2 baseline gingival recession, tooth mobility, sex, and follow‐up interval), the ΔPD of M2s was significantly lower in the N‐M3 group (0.93 ± 1.25 mm) compared with the A‐M3 group (1.09 ± 1.30 mm, p < 0.001). Moreover, the percentage of reversed deep pockets in the N‐M3 group (35.56%) was lower than in the A‐M3 group (42.98%, p<0.001). Similarly, compared with the N‐M3 group, M2s in the R‐M3 group manifested better outcomes in terms of periodontal indices.ConclusionRetained N‐M3s may hamper the outcome of NSPT on adjacent M2s. Additionally, the removal of N‐M3 is associated with an enhanced response of M2s to NSPT.Plain language summaryThe second molar is crucial for chewing, but it is often lost due to periodontitis. Periodontal treatment for the second molar is not always effective, and many factors contribute to this. One factor that has gained attention is the impact of a nonimpacted third molar on the periodontal health of the adjacent second molar. In this study, we examined how the presence of a nonimpacted third molar affects the outcome of nonsurgical periodontal therapy for the second molar. We analyzed 776 second molars from 268 patients. The results showed that when the nonimpacted third molar was absent or removed during periodontal therapy, the second molar's condition improved more than when the nonimpacted third molar was present. The data indicated that even with nonsurgical periodontal treatment, the periodontitis of the second molar could not be effectively controlled if an adjacent nonimpacted third molar was present. Therefore, the negative impact of the nonimpacted third molar should be considered to prevent the loss of the second molar.
Wheat Growth, Yield and Metal Uptake From a Cadmium and Lead Contaminated Soil Following Pressmud and Phosphate Fertilizer Application
Authors: Haider Basit , Imran Muhammad , Ashraf Muhammad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe use of wastewater for crop irrigation may introduce toxic metals into soils, leading to the contamination of food crops. This may result in reduced crop productivity and food adulteration.AimsThis study aimed to characterize pressmud (PM) and to evaluate the effect of PM and single super phosphate (SSP) on wheat yield and the associated health risks of consuming wheat grains grown on metal‐contaminated soil.MethodologyEight PM samples, collected from different sugar industries, were characterized. Subsequently, a pot experiment was conducted on a metal‐contaminated soil to evaluate the effect of PM (control, 10 and 20 g kg−1 soil) and SSP (0 and 250 mg kg−1 soil) on wheat growth, yield, metal concentration in grains, and health risk index.ResultsThe mean values of the various parameters of the PM samples were as follows: electrical conductivity 4.81 dS m−1, pH 5.74, cation exchange capacity 66 meq 100 g−1, nitrogen 1.53%, phosphorus 1.26%, potassium 0.72%, organic carbon 36.04%, lead (Pb) 1.32 mg kg−1, cadmium (Cd) 8 µg kg−1, surface area 7.925 m2 g−1, total pore volume 0.0219 cm3 g−1 and pore diameter 27.33 nm. FTIR revealed the presence of various functional groups that might play a role in metal adsorption within the soil. Results from the pot experiment showed that PM increased the grain yield by 131% compared to control; however, it was at par with the SSP treatment. The increase in grain yield in PM amended soil was linked to improved nutrient acquisition and decreased metal accumulation. PM ‐amended soil had higher concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compared to unamended soil, resulting in 2.96‐, 1.85‐ and 2.42‐fold higher grain contents, respectively. Moreover, PM decreased the accumulation of Cd and Pb in grains by 48% and 56%, respectively, compared to control, whereas the effect of SSP was nonsignificant. Health risk indices for consuming Cd‐ and Pb‐contaminated grains were 1.18 and 6.48, respectively; however, the addition of PM decreased these values to 0.53 and 3.48.ConclusionsPM improves wheat productivity and reduces health risks for humans associated with the consumption of wheat grains grown on the metal‐contaminated soil.
Influence of rhamnolipids, anionic surfactants, and Al2O3 nanoparticles on the viscosity of distilled water‐based fluids: A comparative experimental study
Authors: Kadam Hemantkumar H. , Pise Ashok T. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis experimental study examines the effect of different surfactants—sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and bio‐surfactant rhamnolipids (RHL)—on the viscosity of distilled water (DW) with varying concentrations of aluminium oxide (Al2O₃) nanoparticles (NPs). Al2O₃ NPs were used in concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.5 wt%, while surfactant concentrations ranged from 2000 to 4000 ppm for SDS and SLS and from 200 to 600 ppm for RHL. Viscometric experiments revealed that the type and concentration of surfactants, along with the NP loading, influenced the viscosity of nanofluids (NFs). NFs without surfactant exhibited consistently higher viscosities compared with DW with surfactant alone. At 0.5 wt% Al2O3, NF viscosity was 17% higher than SDS and RHL and 9% higher than SLS. Interestingly, in DW with both surfactant and NPs, viscosity initially decreased with increasing Al2O3 concentration, followed by a rapid increase after 0.1 wt%. These results offer insights into the interaction between surfactants and NPs, relevant for industries requiring precise viscosity control, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and environmental applications.
Porcine in vitro digestion and matrix structure of undigested residue of xylanase‐ and cellulase‐supplemented maize and wheat
Authors: Njeru Harriet K. , Knudsen Knud E. Bach , Stobbs Jarvis A. , Tu Kaiyang , Woyengo Tofuko A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effects of supplementing maize and wheat with a combination of xylanase and cellulase on porcine in vitro digestibility, nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) solubilization, and matrix structure. The latter was assessed using synchrotron‐based micro‐computed tomography (SR‐μCT) and Fourier transform mid‐infrared (FTMIR) spectroscopy after porcine in vitro degradation. Cereal grains were subjected to porcine in vitro digestion with or without enzyme supplementation (20 000 U kg−1 of each enzyme) in a 2 × 2 factorial design.ResultsIn vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDDM) was lower for maize than for wheat (P < 0.05), and enzyme supplementation had no effect on IVDDM. Supplemental enzymes reduced arabinoxylan content in the undigested residue of wheat (53 vs 46 g kg−1, P < 0.05) but not maize (42 vs 44 g kg⁻¹; P > 0.05). Synchrotron‐based micro‐computed tomography imaging revealed aleurone cells with intact content in the undigested residue of both maize and wheat, regardless of enzyme supplementation. Some endosperm cells in undigested maize residue retained their content, whereas nearly all endosperm cells in undigested enzyme‐unsupplemented wheat residue were empty. No endosperm cells were detected in undigested enzyme‐supplemented wheat residue. Fourier transform mid‐infrared imaging indicated a higher presence of phenolic compounds in maize cell walls than in wheat.ConclusionSupplemental enzymes did not affect IVDDM for wheat, as they primarily degraded endosperm cell walls, the content of which was already released by pepsin and pancreatin digestion. Similarly, IVDDM for maize remained unaffected, which was probably due to the high phenolic content of its cell walls. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of the Burnout Symptoms of Flight Attendants on Absenteeism and Turnover Intention: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Ju Hayeon , Hyun Sunghyup Sean 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the mediating role of absenteeism on the relationship between burnout and turnover intention, and the moderated mediating role of emotional intelligence on the relationship between burnout and absenteeism among Korean flight attendants, utilizing a structural equation modeling approach. Empirical data were collected from 183 flight attendants with over 1 year of experience in the airline industry. Initial responses were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, revealing that burnout symptoms are driven by four factors: physical, emotional, socio‐relational, and attitudinal. Subsequent data analysis indicated that all four factors significantly impact absenteeism and turnover intentions. Furthermore, emotional intelligence was found to play a significant moderating role in the relationship between burnout symptoms and absenteeism. As burnout symptoms increase, absenteeism levels rise, leading to higher turnover intentions. Finally, absenteeism was found to lead to turnover intentions. Possible interpretations and managerial implications are discussed.
Duplex Ultrasound in Evaluating Transplanted Renal Artery In‐Stent Restenosis
Authors: Pan Fu‐shun , Yang Dao‐peng , Deng Rong‐hai 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnosis performance of duplex ultrasound (DUS) in predicting transplanted renal artery (TRA) in‐stent restenosis (ISR).MethodsIn this retrospective study, 112 consecutive patients underwent stenting due to TRA stenosis. DUS were performed within 1 week after stenting for baseline value, and after ≥3 months follow‐up for surveillance of ISR. The DUS measurements included peak systolic velocity (PSV) and PSV ratio of renal artery stent to iliac artery (RIR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to evaluate the diagnosis performance of DUS parameters in predicting ISR.ResultsThere were 69 patients (28 men; age, 38.3 ± 15.1 years) who obtained 92 adequate paired DUS and CTA after stenting, which were classified as ISR group (26 TRAs) and non‐ISR group (66 TRAs). There was no difference between the two groups for baseline DUS features, including PSVB and RIRB. The late DUS features including stent PSVL (475.5 vs 261.9 cm/s), RIRL (4.10 vs 2.18), and stent PSVL/PSVB (2.72 vs 1.14) were significantly higher in the ISR group than the non‐ISR group (all P < .0001). Stent PSVL, RIRL, and PSVL/PSVB demonstrated comparable AUCs in predicting ISR. However, the sensitivity and specificity of PSVL/PSVB in predicting ISR were 92.3 and 93.5%, respectively, demonstrating higher specificity with equivalent sensitivity than PSVL and higher sensitivity with equivalent specificity than RIRL.ConclusionsDUS is an accurate technique to identify TRA‐ISR. We suggest all patients should undergo DUS immediately after stenting to establish baseline value and aid in evaluating ISR at late follow‐up.
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation: Decades of change
Authors: van Melick Nicky , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Królikowska Aleksandra , Prill Robert 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCurrent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) rehabilitation practice guidelines lack updates in key areas: open kinetic chain (OKC) quadriceps strengthening, neurocognitive training and psychological interventions. Recent research shows that OKC exercises, when combined with closed kinetic chain exercises, improve strength without compromising graft integrity, though careful monitoring for knee pain and effusion is essential. Neurocognitive training, targeting reaction times, visual attention and dual‐tasking, is promising for reducing reinjury risk but remains underutilized. Similarly, psychological responses, often assessed via patient‐reported outcomes, are a critical part of the recovery process after ACLR, but how to address these responses for the individual patient remains unclear, emphasizing the need for individualized support. The European Society for Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) is developing an ACL rehabilitation consensus to integrate these insights into actionable, evidence‐based guidelines, ensuring tailored, patient‐centered care that optimizes recovery and reduces reinjury risks.Level of EvidenceLevel V.
The learning health system imperative in low‐resource contexts
Authors: Lewicki Patrick , Swarray‐Deen Alim , Moyer Cheryl A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionLearning health system (LHS) development has been described in the highest resource settings, which could suggest that resources are a precondition to LHS formation.MethodWe reviewed literature surrounding LHSs in low‐resource contexts and used this to inform an argument that LHS activity is critically important in these circumstances.ResultsWe focus on three key points. First, when resources are scarce, they should not be squandered. Second, local knowledge artifacts have advantages. Finally, LHS emphasis on lasting sociotechnical infrastructure addresses sustainability concerns.ConclusionWe believe LHS formation and activity is more important in low‐resource contexts than in their higher resource counterparts. Less path dependence in many low‐resource contexts forecasts that LHSs may see their greatest success there.
Decidable quasivarieties of p‐algebras
Authors: Kowalski Tomasz , Słomczyńska Katarzyna 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe show that for quasivarieties of p‐algebras the properties of (i) having decidable first‐order theory and (ii) having decidable first‐order theory of the finite members, coincide. The only two quasivarieties with these properties are the trivial variety and the variety of Boolean algebras. This contrasts sharply, even for varieties, with the situation in Heyting algebras where decidable varieties do not coincide with finitely decidable ones.
Graphene Applications in Composites, Energy, and Water Treatment
Authors: Saeed Maryam A. , Abdelkader Amor , Alshammari Yousef , Valles Cristina , Alkandary Abdullah 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGraphene, the 2D material and the basic building block of the sp2 carbon family has received enormous attention from research and industrial communities due to its remarkable properties. Graphene's potential to be implemented is limitless and it varies from medical, water, energy, composites sectors, etc. In this paper, graphene potential in composites, energy storage, and water purification are highlighted. Reviewing, in particular, the crucial role of graphene/polymer interface in improving the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites and the effect of constitutive parameters such as graphene lateral size and surface chemistry. Moreover, the latest contributions of graphene and graphene derivatives in functional composites, such as sensors, actuators, hydrogels, and aerogels, are reviewed. This is followed by reviewing graphene and its derivatives for energy storage such as in lithium‐ion batteries, metal–air batteries, and graphene‐based supercapacitors. Finally, reporting the latest advances in graphene for water treatment, reviewing the different filtration/treatment methods, and the importance of graphene selective permeability properties.
Improving the Encapsulation of Ferritin‐Like Nanoparticles Within Polymeric Nanofibers Using a New Electrospinning Set‐Up and Its Effect Upon Iron Release Properties
Authors: Anderson Lewis R. , Hancox Charlotte C. , Collinson Simon R. , Rietdorf Katja , Taylor Peter G. , Chatterton Nicholas P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEncapsulation of nanoparticles (NPs) in polymeric nanofibers is an effective way of controlling physicochemical properties such as stability and integrity. In this study, bioavailable ferritin‐like NPs, previously demonstrated to be an effective treatment for iron deficiency anemia (IDA), are encapsulated successfully in the pH‐sensitive polymer Eudragit L100 through modification of the electrospinning configuration and reversal of the conventional input voltage. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of these nanofibers show IHAT NPs are enveloped more effectively than in equivalent materials produced by conventional electrospinning. These modifications lead to a significant reduction in the burst release of iron during the first 30 min of dissolution testing at pH 1.0 due to the enhanced encapsulation, potentially reducing the degradation of these NPs in gastric fluids and thereby increasing bioavailability. The materials are also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (STA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Kinetic analysis of the dissolution data showed that the better encapsulated NP formulations reduced burst release of iron. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and TEM measurements of the NPs released from the materials suggest that they are unmodified during the formulation process. The modified electrospinning configuration requires significantly lower energy input than conventional electrospinning.