bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terahertz-driven acceleration of subrelativistic electron beams using tapered rectangular dielectric-lined waveguides
Authors: Nix Laurence J. R. , Bradbury Joseph T. , Shaw Christopher T. , Hibberd Morgan T. , Graham Darren M. , Appleby Robert B. , Burt Graeme , Letizia Rosa , Jamison Steven P. 
Published: April 2024

We investigate the use of tapered rectangular dielectric-lined waveguides (DLWs) for the acceleration of low-energy, subrelativistic, electron bunches by the interaction with multicycle narrowband terahertz (THz) pulses. A key challenge exists in this subrelativistic regime; the electron velocity changes significantly as energy is gained. To keep electrons in the accelerating phase, the phase velocity must also be increased to match. We present simulations which demonstrate that the dielectric thickness can be kept constant and the width of the dielectric lining can be tapered along the direction of travel to vary the phase velocity, an approach only possible by the use of a rectangular waveguide geometry. The properties of tapered DLWs are discussed and following this, a design process is presented to demonstrate that the way this tapering can be optimized for different pulse and beam parameters. The minimum accelerating gradient for electron bunch capture is derived and compared to simulations. As examples of this design process, designs are considered based on considerations of the THz source, incoming electron beam, and manufacturing tolerances. A maximum THz pulse energy of 22.5  μJ in the DLW was considered, which represents what is readily achievable using mJ-level regenerative amplifier laser systems together with optical-to-terahertz conversion in lithium niobate crystals. This will be more than double the energy of a 100 keV electron beam, increasing it to 205 keV. We describe the optimization process and present a detailed exploration of the beam dynamics, discussing how the performance will further improve with compressed bunches.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Long-lived particle decays at the proposed MATHUSLA experiment
Authors: Curtin David , Grewal Jaipratap Singh 
Published: April 2024

We carefully study the decay and reconstruction of long-lived particle (LLP) decays in the proposed MATHUSLA LLP detector for the HL-LHC. Our investigations are focused on three LLP benchmark models. MATHUSLA’s primary physics target is represented by hadronically decaying LLPs with mass above ∼10  GeV, produced in exotic Higgs decays. We also investigate GeV-scale scalar and right-handed neutrino LLPs, which are the target of many other proposed experiments. We first introduce a public astim code to allow for efficient signal-only studies of LLP decays in MATHUSLA and general external LLP detectors. For each of our benchmark scenarios, we carefully simulate LLP production and decay, and make our simulation library publicly accessible for future investigations and comparisons with other experiments. We then systematically study the geometric acceptance of MATHUSLA for LLP decays in these scenarios, and present updated sensitivity projections that include these acceptances. Our results show that the idealized reach of MATHUSLA computed in earlier studies is mostly realized. We also investigate possible ways of increasing the signal acceptance using the inherent geometric flexibility of the FastSim, which will provide useful inputs for realistic experimental and engineering optimization of the detector in the future.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Top Yukawa coupling measurement at the muon collider
Authors: Chen Miranda , Liu Da 
Published: April 2024

We have presented a detailed study about the prospects for the measurement of the top Yukawa coupling in the vector boson fusion production of a top quark pair at high energy muon colliders. By employing the effective W approximation and the high energy limit for the helicity amplitudes of the subprocess W+W−→tt¯, we have derived the energy scaling of the statistical signal significance in the presence of the anomalous couplings by focusing on the interference term only. The sensitivity on the top Yukawa coupling decreases as the bin energy increases. For the anomalous triple gauge boson couplings and the gauge-boson-fermion couplings with E2 energy growing behavior, the signal significance has mild increase at the beginning and starts to decrease for s^tt¯∼0.2sμ+μ−. The 95% CL on the anomalous top Yukawa coupling is projected to be 5.6% (1.7%) at a 10 (30) TeV muon collider, which is comparable to the sensitivity of 2% at the 100 TeV collider.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Dependence and sustainability: a disaggregated analysis of electricity generation in ASEAN countries
Authors: Hartarto Romi Bhakti , Shameem P. Mohammed , Wardani Dyah Titis Kusuma , Iskandar Muhammad Luqman 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the diverse sources of electricity generation (coal, natural gas, oil and hydroelectricity) and their respective associations with economic growth and environmental quality.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses static panel data analysis with a random effects model for six selected ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, Vietnam and Myanmar) from 1994 to 2014.

Findings
This study reveals that economic growth in six selected ASEAN countries is enhanced by electricity generation from all sources, while the contribution of electricity production from hydroelectricity remains the largest and strongest. There is no environmental impact of electricity production from hydroelectric, whereas fossil fuel-based electricity production emits carbon dioxide, with coal sources being the largest contributor, followed by natural gas and oil.

Practical implications
Based on the results, these six ASEAN countries should invest more in hydropower projects, reduce the coal mix in power generation and promote clean coal technology to improve economic efficiency and environmental sustainability.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no research has examined the relationship between electricity production, environmental quality and economic growth in Southeast Asian nations. Therefore, the outcome of this study is expected to provide insightful results to supplement the framing and implementation of national and collective regional strategies for sustainable electricity generation in ASEAN countries.
Lean transportation tools towards waste reduction and digital transformation in the offshore industry: an action-research
Authors: Gomes Joici Mendonça Muniz , Caiado Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão , Mareth Taciana , Santos Renan Silva , Scavarda Luiz Felipe 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To address the absence of Lean in transportation logistics in the digital era, this study aims to investigate the application of Lean transportation (LT) tools to reduce waste and facilitate the digital transformation of dedicated road transportation in the offshore industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts action research with a multimethod approach, including a scoping review, focus groups (FG) and participant observation. The research is conducted within the offshore supply chain of a major oil and gas company.

Findings
Implementing LT’s continuous improvement tools, particularly value stream mapping (VSM), reduces offshore transportation waste and provides empirical evidence about the intersection of Lean and digital technologies. Applying techniques drawn from organisational learning theory (OLT), stakeholders involved in VSM mapping and FGs engage in problem-solving and develop action plans, driving digital transformation. Waste reduction in loading and unloading stages leads to control actions, automation and process improvements, significantly reducing downtime. This results in an annual monetary gain of US$1.3m. The study also identifies waste related to human effort and underutilised digital resources.

Originality/value
This study contributes to theory and practice by using action research and LT techniques in a real intervention case. From the lens of OLT, it highlights the potential of LT tools for digital transformation and demonstrates the convergence of waste reduction through Lean and Industry 4.0 technologies in the offshore supply chain. Practical outputs, including a benchmarking questionnaire and a plan-do-check-act cycle, are provided for other companies in the same industry segment.
The degree of Asian-European markets connectedness: examining the impact of global disorders using a spectral analysis
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitrios , Goulas Eleftherios , Kallandranis Christos , Tsioutsios Alexandros , Ta Thi Ngoc Bich Thi Ngoc 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine potential diversification benefits between Eurozone (i.e. EURO STOXX 50) and key Asia markets: HSI (Hong Kong), KOSPI (South Korea), NIKKEI 225 (Japan) and TSEC (Taiwan). The sample covers the period from 04-01-2008 to 19-10-2023 in daily frequency.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical investigation is based on the wavelet coherence analysis, which is a localized correlation coefficient in the time and frequency domain.

Findings
The results provide evidence that long-term diversification benefits exist between EURO STOXX and NIKKEI, EURO STOXX and KOSPI (after 2015) and there are signs for the pair and EURO STOXX-TSEC (after 2014). During the short term, there are signs of diversification benefits during the sample period. However, during the medium term, the diversification benefits seem to diminish.

Originality/value
These results have crucial implications for investors regarding the benefits of international portfolio diversification.
Turning digital technology to immersive marketing strategy: a strategic perspective on flexibility, agility and adaptability for businesses
Authors: Yawised Kritcha , Apasrawirote Darlin , Chatrangsan Maneerut , Muneesawang Paisarn 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review of the adoption of immersive marketing technology (IMT) in terms of strategic planning of its adoption, resource requirements and its implications and challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
This study categorizes and contextualizes qualitative approaches to evaluate the literature, with Scopus databases serving as the primary source of 90 selected articles in the areas of information technology, business and marketing strands. Theme analysis was carried out using thematic techniques and grounded approach principles to facilitate thematic coding and generate theme analysis.

Findings
The analysis was supported by the three concepts of business flexibility, agility and adaptability, which were drawn as a strategy for IMT adoption. The findings presented three main themes: proactive flexibility, responsive agility and reactive adaptability that enable business owner–managers to craft a strategy for IMT adoption.

Originality/value
The novel contribution of this study is the inclusion of key implications related to IMT as a starting point of the next level of innovative marketing for all academics, practitioners and business owner–managers.
The paradox of Islamic perception on the entrepreneurial intentions of female Muslims in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Mohammad Saud , Wood Bronwyn Pamela , Dakhan Sarfraz , Nawaz Asif 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine female entrepreneurship perceptions at the nexus of understandings of Muslim behaviour in Pakistan, the “formula” of Shapero for considering entrepreneurial intentions and the viewpoints of young Pakistani women.

Design/methodology/approach
Data collected from 555 women between 18 and 30 years of age, undertaking tertiary-level business studies in Pakistan constitute the sample of the study, and structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
This study finds that the respondents’ perceptions of Islam positively impact the formula at the feasibility component, whilst also inverting the desirability component, therefore, resulting in a “does not equal” outcome for intentions.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is one of the first to empirically examine the role of Islamic perception in shaping entrepreneurial intentions through the individual components of desirability, feasibility and propensity to act. It puts forth contextual deliberations for a meaningful heterodoxy in light of female entrepreneurship in an Islamic country.
Presence: consumers’ different reactions to service and manufacturing firms with low CSR in social conduct
Authors: Meng Hua , Sadjady Naeeni Hannan 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explain why low social conduct in corporate social responsibility (SC-CSR), especially employee exploitation, has a stronger negative impact on consumer reactions for service firms than for manufacturing firms.

Design/methodology/approach
Five experiments compared consumer reactions to service and manufacturing firms with low SC-CSR. Study 1 used a choice-based conjoint design to examine the relative importance of various shared attributes when consumers chose services versus goods. Study 2 revealed that low SC-CSR led to more pronounced negative consumers reactions toward service firms. Studies 3A and 3B explained this difference through a serial mediation analysis. Study 4 ruled out an alternative explanation regarding the differentiated effects.

Findings
The results reveal that consumer reactions to employee exploitation in service firms are more negative compared to manufacturing firms. This is because consumers’ sense of presence (i.e. feeling of being there) is stronger in a service setting, leading to more intense empathetic emotions toward service employees.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the CSR literature by challenging the conventional notion that sweatshops are more problematic for manufacturing firms. By contrast, the results indicate a stronger negative effect on service firms. It contributes to the services marketing literature by conceptualizing a novel cognitive mechanism. Traditionally, consumers’ negative reactions are driven by anger. However, the authors show that empathetic feelings toward mistreated employees play a predominant role. While it is imperative for all firms to ensure fair treatment of their employees, the findings underscore the heightened significance of this aspect for service firms, given their susceptibility to more pronounced negative effects.
The use of implicit measures in service research: Why, how, when and what is the way forward?
Authors: Verhulst Nanouk , Slabbinck Hendrik , Willems Kim , Brengman Malaika 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To date, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the use of implicit measures in the service research domain is limited. This paper aims to introduce implicit measures and explain why, or for what purpose, they are worthwhile to consider; how these measures can be used; and when and where implicit measures merit the service researcher’s consideration.

Design/methodology/approach
To gain an understanding of how implicit measures could benefit service research, three promising implicit measures are discussed, namely, the implicit association test, the affect misattribution procedure and the propositional evaluation paradigm. More specifically, this paper delves into how implicit measures can support service research, focusing on three focal service topics, namely, technology, affective processes including customer experience and service employees.

Findings
This paper demonstrates how implicit measures can investigate paramount service-related subjects. Additionally, it provides essential methodological “need-to-knows” for assessing others’ work with implicit measures and/or for starting your own use of them.

Originality/value
This paper introduces when and why to consider integrating implicit measures in service research, along with a roadmap on how to get started.
Innovations in prosthetic foot design enhancing durability, functionality and comfort through PLA composite filament 3D printing
Authors: Yousif Lara E. , Abed Mayyadah S. , Al-Zubidi Aseel B. , Resan Kadhim K. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
The number of people with special needs, including citizens and military personnel, has increased as a result of terrorist attacks and challenging conditions in Iraq and other countries. With almost 80% of the world’s amputees having below-the-knee amputations, Iraq has become a global leader in the population of amputees. Important components found in lower limb prostheses include the socket, pylon (shank), prosthetic foot and connections.

Design/methodology/approach
There are two types of prosthetic feet: articulated and nonarticulated. The solid ankle cushion heel foot is the nonarticulated foot that is most frequently used. The goal of this study is to use a composite filament to create a revolutionary prosthetic foot that will last longer, have better dorsiflexion and be more stable and comfortable for the user. The current study, in addition to pure polylactic acid (PLA) filament, 3D prints test items using a variety of composite filaments, such as PLA/wood, PLA/carbon fiber and PLA/marble, to accomplish this goal. The experimental step entails mechanical testing of the samples, which includes tensile testing and hardness evaluation, and material characterization by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. The study also presents a novel design for the nonarticulated foot that was produced with SOLIDWORKS and put through ANSYS analysis. Three types of feet are produced using PLA, PLA/marble and carbon-covered PLA/marble materials. Furthermore, the manufactured prosthetic foot undergoes testing for dorsiflexion and fatigue.

Findings
The findings reveal that the newly designed prosthetic foot using carbon fiber-covered PLA/marble material surpasses the PLA and PLA/marble foot in terms of performance, cost-effectiveness and weight.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to use composite filaments not previously used, such as PLA/wood, PLA/carbon fiber and PLA/marble, to design and produce a new prosthetic foot with a longer lifespan, improved dorsiflexion, greater stability and enhanced comfort for the patient. Beside the experimental work, a numerical technique specifically the finite element method, is used to assess the mechanical behavior of the newly designed foot structure.
A memory and attention-based reinforcement learning for musculoskeletal robots with prior knowledge of muscle synergies
Authors: Wang Xiaona , Chen Jiahao , Qiao Hong 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Limited by the types of sensors, the state information available for musculoskeletal robots with highly redundant, nonlinear muscles is often incomplete, which makes the control face a bottleneck problem. The aim of this paper is to design a method to improve the motion performance of musculoskeletal robots in partially observable scenarios, and to leverage the ontology knowledge to enhance the algorithm’s adaptability to musculoskeletal robots that have undergone changes.

Design/methodology/approach
A memory and attention-based reinforcement learning method is proposed for musculoskeletal robots with prior knowledge of muscle synergies. First, to deal with partially observed states available to musculoskeletal robots, a memory and attention-based network architecture is proposed for inferring more sufficient and intrinsic states. Second, inspired by muscle synergy hypothesis in neuroscience, prior knowledge of a musculoskeletal robot’s muscle synergies is embedded in network structure and reward shaping.

Findings
Based on systematic validation, it is found that the proposed method demonstrates superiority over the traditional twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradients (TD3) algorithm. A musculoskeletal robot with highly redundant, nonlinear muscles is adopted to implement goal-directed tasks. In the case of 21-dimensional states, the learning efficiency and accuracy are significantly improved compared with the traditional TD3 algorithm; in the case of 13-dimensional states without velocities and information from the end effector, the traditional TD3 is unable to complete the reaching tasks, while the proposed method breaks through this bottleneck problem.

Originality/value
In this paper, a novel memory and attention-based reinforcement learning method with prior knowledge of muscle synergies is proposed for musculoskeletal robots to deal with partially observable scenarios. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method effectively improves the performance. Furthermore, this paper promotes the fusion of neuroscience and robotics.
How generative AI will drive enterprise innovation
Authors: Marshall Anthony , Bieck Christian , Dencik Jacob , Goehring Brian C. , Warrick Richard 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Most recent C-suite surveying suggests current applications of generative AI, although hyped, are fragmented and unlikely to yield major financial returns anticipated. Instead, business leaders expect major value from generative AI will be achieved through application of generative AI to innovation: operational innovation, product and service innovation, and most elusive of all, business model innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
Findings and analysis presented draws on data from several surveys of C-level executives conducted by IBM Institute for Business Value in collaboration with Oxford Economics during 2023. Each survey focused on the potential of generative AI in a particular business area. The n-count of each survey ranged from 100-3000.

Findings
1. Business leaders expect generative AI to build on returns achieved from investments in traditional AI, with 10 percent RoI expected on generative AI investments by 2025. 2. Executives anticipate that generative AI will have most impact when implemented to expand innovation. 3. Specific examples provided for operational innovation, product innovation, and business model innovation

Research limitations/implications
We are still very early in the generative AI development cycle. We have made best efforts to project, but only time will tell for sure.

Practical implications
Business application of generative AI are extremely fragmented. Despite the desire to throw investments at the wall to see what sticks, it is important that leaders take a structured approach to generative AI, focusing on RoI from innovation investments.

Social implications
To alleviate negative impacts of generative AI, focusing on innovation potential and value maximization is crucial.

Originality/value
This research is based on completely new surveying and data. This papers adds to the sum total of new knowledge in the generative AI domain.