bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A profile of serum CA 15‐3, carcinoembryonic antigen, alkaline phosphatase, and γ‐glutamyl transferase levels in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Buamah Paul K. , Bent Daniel J. , Bodger William A. H. , Skillen Andrew W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe CA 15‐3 and CEA concentrations and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ‐γ‐glutamyl transferase (Gamma GT) activities of serum from 78 patients with breast cancer have been measured. The patients included 27 with localised breast cancer, 19 who had been treated for breast cancer but were now disease‐free, 17 with liver metastases, 8 with bone metastases, and 7 with disseminated breast cancer but with neither metastases to the liver or bone. As an indicator of localised breast cancer the predictive value of an increase in CA 15‐3 concentration was 93%. As an indicator of metastatic breast cancer the predictive value of an increased CA 15‐3 was 62%, whereas the predictive values of an increase in both CA 15‐3 and CEA and an increase in CA 15‐3, CEA, and ALP 88% and 100%, respectively. A normal CA 15‐3 excluded metastatic breast cancer and a normal γ‐GT excluded liver metastases. The four tests together provide a set of markers for use in the follow‐up of patients with breast cancer. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative analysis of DNA topoisomerase I activity in human and rat glioma: Characterization and mechanism of resistance to antitopoisomerase chemical, camptothecin‐11
Authors: Matsumoto Yoshihito , Fujiwara Takashi , Honjo Yasumasa , Sasaoka Noboru , Tsuchida Takahiro , Nagao Seigo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCamptothecin‐11 (CPT‐11) is a new derivative of camptothecin, a plant alkaloid antitumor agent. Previous studies indicated that antitumor activity of CPT‐11 was mediated through interaction of the drugs with its target enzyme, DNA topoisomerase I (topo I). In this study, we studied the relation between sensitivity to CPT–11 and topo I activity of glioma cells. Furthermore, we established CPT‐11 resistant cell lines in order to elucidate the potential mechanisms of drug resistance. A clear correlation between the sensitivities to CPT‐11 and topo I activities in surgical glioma specimens was demonstrated. Activities of topo I in the CPT‐11‐sensitive group (IC50 values for CPT‐11; <50 μg/ml) tended to be higher than those in the CPT‐11‐resistant group (IC50 values, ≥50). Topo I activity may serve as a novel marker to predict the sensitivity of gliomas to topo inhibitors. CPT‐11‐resistant cell lines (T98G/CPT‐11 and C6), respectively, exhibit a 5.4‐ and 7.3‐fold increase in resistance to CPT‐11. No differences in topo I activity and intracellular accumulation of CPT‐11 were observed between the parent and CPT‐11‐resistant lines. On the other hand, topo I from T98G/CPT‐11 and C6‐CPT‐11 cells was at least 4‐ and 2‐fold resistant to the inhibitory effect of the CPT‐11 on the relaxation activity of topo I, in comparison with their parent lines. This enzymological difference may be responsible for the resistance to CPT‐11. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An animal model for in vivo evaluation of tumor glycolytic rates with positron emission tomography
Authors: Hawkins Randall A. , Choi Yong , Scates Steven , Rege Sheila , Hoh Carl K. , Glaspy John , Phelps Michael E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe developed a method for evaluating tumor glycolytic rates in vivo with nude mice injected with 2‐[F‐18]fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (FDG) and a dedicated animal positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. Animals were injected with NR‐6 mouse fibroblast tumor cell lines. When tumors achieved a large enough size to be macroscopically visible, quantitative measurements of FDG uptake in vivo were obtained, using both standard nonlinear regression with the FDG tracer kinetic model to generate estimates of model parameters, including KNLR, the rate constant for net phosphorylation of FDG. Additionally, we determined the values of KPAT, the rate constant for net phosphorylation of FDG measured with a non‐iterative graphical method. Estimates of K were highly correlated (r = 0.95) with both methods, and parametric images of KPAT demonstrate both the tumor location and size, but are also scaled in units of phosphorylation of FDG. The method is suitable for serial studies of tumor glucose metabolism during and after therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapeutic trials. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The spleen can influence the metastasis of AH130 hepatoma cells in rats
Authors: Toyonaca Masakazu , Hiraoka Takehisa , Tanaka Hideaki , Miyauchi Yoshimasa 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of pathophysiological conditions due to disturbance of the spleen is still unclear. We studied the effects of splenectomy in normal and methylcellulose‐induced hypersplenic rats on the development of pulmonary metastases created by intravenous injection of ascites containing AH130 hepatoma cells from male Hos‐Donryu rats. Growth of metastatic lesions in the lung was not affected by splenectomy in normal rats, but was increased by splenectomy in hypersplenic rats. Overall, there were fewer pulmonary metastases in rats with hypersplenism, but after splenectomy rats with hypersplenism had a significantly greater number of metastases than did normal rats. The metastases rate correlated somewhat with changes in the blood coagulation and T lymphocyte profile. There is a relationship between the spleen and formation of metastases in cancer. Formation of metastases in the lung was affected most by splenectomy in hypersplenism. To elucidate the mechanism by which metastases are formed in the lung under these pathologic conditions, further studies on the exact role of the spleen are required. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Limb salvage surgery for locally aggressive and malignant bone tumors
Authors: Shih Lih‐Yuann , Chen Tain‐Shung , Lo Wai‐Hee 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince 1983, 77 patients have had limb salvage surgery for locally aggressive or malignant bone tumor of the limbs or pelvis. Twenty‐nine patients had locally aggressive, lesions with giant cell tumors the most prevalent, and 48 patients had malignant lesions, of which osteosarcomas predominated. Resection with a wide margin could be achieved in most of the patients. A mobile joint reconstruction was performed in 57 patients and an arthrodesis in 14 patients. At follow‐up, 14 patients have died of disease, 7 patients have survived with disease, and 56 patients (73%) have survived without disease. Local recurrences were encountered in 4 patients (5%). The overall functional results were classified as excellent in 11 patients, good in 45 patients, and fair in 9 patients. Twelve patients had poor results because of failure of the reconstruction or amputation due to complications. Twenty‐seven complications were encountered, among which infection was the most serious. Careful selection of patients and consideration of procedure chosen to reconstruct the defect are important for a successful outcome. This decision is based on a number of factors related to the tumor and the patient. Presently, major neurovascular involvement, displaced pathological fracture, inappropriate biopsy incision, extreme youth of the patient, and infection were considered to be contraindications to resection in our institution. Although various procedures promise functional restoration, the reconstructive procedure should be individualized and designed to meet the needs of the patient. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Irrigation does not dislodge or destroy tumor cells adherent to the tumor bed
Authors: Sweitzer Kirby L. , Nathanson S. David , Nelson Lisa T. , Zachary Corinne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLocal recurrences in the surgical bed after tumor resection may be due to residual tumor cells “dropping” into the wound. Irrigation with water is often used to remove these cells. We designed experiments to determine whether irrigation would prevent tumor recurrence.Surgical wounds of uniform size in C57BL/6 mice were seeded with 5 × 102, 5 × 103, 5 × 104, 5 × 105, or 5 × 106 viable syngeneic B16‐F10 melanoma cells to test the hypothesis that irrigation with water would decrease local tumor recurrence. The tumor‐contaminated wounds were irrigated with distilled water or with saline (0.9% NaCl) immediately or 5, 30, 60, 120, or 240 min after seeding. Control wounds were seeded but not irrigated. The technique of irrigation was altered in a second group of experiments such that the amount of time the tumor cells were exposed to the water or saline was 5, 10, or 15 min. To determine the rapidity and durability of tumor cell attachment to host tissue, 1 × 104 viable B16‐F10 tumor cells were seeded in vitro onto freshly cut disks of syngeneic mouse dermis. The tissue was irrigated with saline or distilled water 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, or 240 min later.Tumor growth was observed in all the mice and neither the mechanical action of irrigation nor the hypotonic effect of distilled water changed the rate of growth. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated stable and firm attachment to mouse tissue within seconds of seeding with no noticeable dislodgement or cytotoxicity by either saline or water irrigation.The data suggest that the commonly used technique of irrigating the bed of the resected tumor may not be of value in preventing local recurrences. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inadvertent spread of cancer at surgery
Authors: Fortner Joseph G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSurgical cure requires that a given cancer be removed without inadvertent spillage of cancer cells by technical error. Potential mishaps include pressing a ligature, while tying, against a protruding tumor and cutting into it; inserting a hemostat into the tumor area to gain control of an escaped short pancreaticoduodenal artery stump which has retracted; grasping a lymph node with forceps which invariably fragments it spilling any cancer cells it may contain; and injecting local anesthesia into or adjacent to a lesion for biopsy. If the lesion is a cutaneous melanoma or other cancer the resulting pressure may force cancer cells into the lymphatic or bloodstream. Other misadventures include touching that portion of a biopsy needle which has been in the tumor and doing an intraoperative biopsy which allows blood or tissue fluid to flow out the opening from the tumor. Sensitivity to such dangers appears essential to avoiding spillage of cancer cells and obtaining maximal benefit from surgery. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐grade retroperitoneal sarcomas: Role of an aggressive palliative approach
Authors: Shiloni Eitan , Szold Amir , White Donald E. , Freund Herbert R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1968 and 1988 we treated 41 patients with high‐grade soft tissue retroperitoneal sarcomas. Clinical, pathological, and treatment variables were analyzed retrospectively with regard to their influence on recurrence rate and mortality. The actuarial 5–year median survival for the whole group was 48 months, with 33% of the patients surviving 10 years. Gender, clinical presentation, tumor size, and histological types did not predict outcome by multivariate analysis.Complete tumor resection was performed in 56% of the patients, but at 10 years after surgery only 10% of those patients remained disease free. Patients were classified into four groups according to the most aggressive surgical procedure employed: (1) total gross tumor resection; (2) subtotal resection, in which the major tumor bulk was excised (often with adjacent organs), but in which obvious residual disease remained; (3) palliative resection, in which minimal tumor resection was performed in order to alleviate symptoms; and (4) exploration only. Patients who were either explored and had no tumor removed or who underwent a palliative resection had a similarly poor prognosis, with a median survival of 12 and 20 months, respectively. To our surprise, patients after total resection had no survival benefit over patients who had undergone subtotal resection. However, both groups together had a significantly longer median survival of 241 months compared to the median survival of the patients with either no resection or only palliative resection (P < 0.02). The addition of chemotherapy or radiation therapy failed to show any advantage in this series. We claim from our experience that the impossibility of performing a complete resection should not prevent attempts at aggressive subtotal tumor excision, including the removal of adjacent organs, since this aggressive surgical approach may prolong survival significantly. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intratumoral administration of neocarzinostatin conjugated to monoclonal antibody A7 in a model of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Otsuji Eigo , Yamaguchi Toshiharu , Yamaoka Nobuki , Kitamura Kazuya , Yamaguchi Nozomi , Takahashi Toshio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated the following in athymic nude mice with xenografts of a human pancreatic carcinoma: 1) clearance of the murine monoclonal antibody A7 from the carcinoma; and 2) the antitumor effect of neocarzinostatin conjugated to MAb A7 (A7‐NCS) on the carcinoma following intratumoral injection. Compared with 125I‐labeled normal mouse IgG, a significantly larger amount of 125I‐labeled A7 remained in the tumor after intratumoral injection. Neocarzinostatin conjugated to MAb A7 showed a greater antitumor activity against human pancreatic cancer than neocarzinostatin alone after intratumoral administration. The conjugate completely suppressed tumor growth macroscopically during the experiment. Tumor tissue in mice became necrotic 32 days after injection with A7‐NCS. These observations suggest that the intratumoral injection of A7‐NCS offers promise in treating pancreatic carcinoma. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunohistochemical study of estrogen receptor and estradiol on papillary thyroid carcinoma in young patients
Authors: Inoue Hiroyuki , Oshimo Kazushi , Miki Hitoshi , Kawano Muneo , Komaki Kansei , Monden Yasumasa , Morimoto Tadaoki , Tsuyuguchi Masaru 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have immunohistochemically examined estrogen receptors (ER) and estradiol (E2) on papillary thyroid carcinoma in young femalesunderthe age of 25 years. The 10 young females in this study were compared with 64 females 30 years of age or older who underwent surgery for treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma. We did not find any significant difference in the incidences of positive staining for E2 between the two groups. Of the specimens obtained from the young patients, 80% (8/10) showed positive staining for ER; this was significantly higher (P <0.01) than that observed in patients 30 years of age or older (25%). We think that, especially in youth, estrogen may play an important role as a promoting factor. This indication needs further study. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulmonary metastases from adrenal cortical carcinoma: Results of resection
Authors: Kwauk Sam , Burt Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdrenal cortical carcinoma is uncommon. There is little controversy concerning treatment of the primary tumor. However, data concerning the treatment of pulmonary metastases are sparse. In order to assess the results of therapy, we reviewed our 14‐year experience. Records of 24 patients admitted to our institution from 1973 to 1991 with the diagnosis of adrenal cortical carcinoma and pulmonary metastases were reviewed. Ten patients underwent pulmonary resection, 12 received chemotherapy, and 2 no therapy. In the pulmonary resection group, treatment consisted of wedge resection in 8 patients and lobectomy in 2. For the 10 patients undergoing resection of their pulmonary metastases, the 5‐year survival was 71% (median not reached at 5 years). This was significantly longer than those not resected, with no one alive at 3 years (median survival 11 months). Our data suggest that those patients who are able to have their pulmonary metastases resected survive significantly longer than those who do not. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
En bloc resection for cancer of the gastric cardia without thoracotomy
Authors: Tanigawa Nobuhiko , Shimomatsuya Takumi , Horiuchi Tetsuya , Masuda Yasuhiko , Ihaya Akio , Chiba Yukio , Muraoka Ryusuke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐five consecutive patients underwent en bloc resection of cardia cancer without thoracotomy. All tumors were adenocarcinoma. The operative procedure involved wide resection of the peri‐hiatal diaphragm, dissection of the upper abdominal and lower mediastinal lymph nodes, and resection of the stomach including a portion of the lower thoracic esophagus without thoracotomy. The resection area of the diaphragm included not only the crural muscle as in other methods, but also the diaphragmatic tissue surrounding the esophageal hiatus. Through the enlarged hiatus, dissection of the mediastinum was possible up to the carina from the abdominal cavity. The mediastinal node stations were affected in 25% of patients whose tumor invaded to the serosa. Hypotension with or without atrial arrythmias and pleural tears occurred during surgery in 20 patients (57%) and in 18 patients (51%), respectively. Postoperatively, hypoxia requiring reintubation developed in 7 patients (19%), pleural effusions needed tube drainage in 16 patients (46%), atelectasis in 5 patients (14%), and anastomotic leaks in 3 patients (9%). They were all successfully treated. The cumulative 5‐year survival rate for 21 patients with stages I (2 patients), II (9), and III (10) diseases was 62%, whereas none of the patients with stage IV disease lived for more than 2 years after surgery. Because thoracotomy is avoided, the procedure is better tolerated by debilitated patients. We believe this technique is a reasonable and safe alternative to the left thoracotomy approach for resection of cancer of the gastric cardia. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Esophagogastrectomy: Reoperation for complications
Authors: Matory Yvedt L. , Burt Michael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1961 to 1991, a total of 1,452 esophagectomies were performed for esophageal cancer at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center. Of these patients, 40 (2.7%) developed complications requiring a second operation during the same hospitalization. The majority of the carcinomas were located in the midesophagus or the gastroesophageal junction. The pathologic diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in two‐thirds of the patients. Few comorbid factors could be identified. Twenty‐nine patients (72%) had a standard Ivor‐Lewis resection, 5 (12%) had a transhiatal resection, 5 (12%) had a transabdominal approach, and 1 (3%) had a cervical approach only. Complications requiring reoperation were the following: respiratory failure in 13 patients, anastomotic leak in 6, bowel obstruction in 5, major bleeding in 4, wound dehiscence in 4, tracheo‐esophageal fistula in 3, feeding tube malposition in 2, empyema in 1, chyle leak in 1, a positive margin in 1. Twelve of these same patients had a persistent or second complication and required a third operation. Among the 40 patients in this study, the mortality was 40%. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute appendicitis is rarely the initial presentation of cecal cancer in the elderly patient
Authors: Bizer Lawrence S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAcute appendicitis is rarely the initial presentation of carcinoma of the cecum in elderly patients. A 20‐year retrospective review of all patients 65 years of age or older presenting with proven acute appendicitis at the Montefiore Medical Center confirms this opinion. In only 1.8% of patients was acute appendicitis the initial presentation of an underlying carcinoma of the cecum. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monoclonal antibody KP 16D3 as a prognostic marker in stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Suehiro Taketoshi , Ishida Teruyoshi , Sugio Kenji , Sugimachi Keizo , Sueishi Katsuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibody KP16D3 recognizes a 60 kDa protein associated with mucin‐nonproducing papillary adenocarcinoma, especially that originating from nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells of the lung. We immunohistochemically examined 56 primary lung adenocarcinomas using the monoclonal antibody KP16D3. Of these tumors, 31 (55%) were positive for KP16D3 immunoreactivity. The disease‐free survival rates showed no statistical differences between KP16D3‐positive and KP16D3‐negative patients. However, in stage I and T1 disease, the disease‐free survival rates of KP16D3‐positive patients were statistically lower than those of KP16D3‐negative patients (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that KP16D3 may be useful as a prognostic marker for patients with stage I primary lung adenocarcinoma. Conversely, use of this marker and subtyping of lung adenocarcinomas reflect the prognosis of the disease. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usefulness of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer staining for histologic grading of soft‐tissue sarcomas
Authors: Kuratsu Shigeyuki , Myoui Akira , Tomita Yasuhiko , Naka Norifumi , Uchida Atsumasa , Ono Keiro , Aozasa Katsuyuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAccurate histologic grading is essential for making a proper therapy decision in soft‐tissue sarcomas (STS). The usefulness of the argyrophilic stain for nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) in assessing the histologic grade of STS has been examined. One hundred and forty‐two patients with STS confined to the extremity and trunk were selected. Tumors were classified based on the criteria of Enzinger and Weiss [“Soft‐Tissue Tumors.” St. Louis: C.V. Mosby, 1983]. In addition, non‐specific classification was made based on the shape of proliferating cells occupying more than 50% of the field in the sections such as pleomorphic cell, small round cell, spindle cell, epithelioid cell, myxoid, and unclassified tumors. The mean number of AgNOR dots per nucleus of tumor cells was calculated in 200 cells (AgNOR count). Each category of non‐specific classification was divided into a high‐count group (<8 AgNOR count) and a low‐count group (>8 NOR). The low‐count group showed a significantly better prognosis than the high‐count group in small round cell and spindle cell tumors (P< 0.007 and P< 0.0005, respectively). Similar results were obtained in pleomorphic cell tumors, though they were statistically not significant because of the relatively small number of examined cases. Most patients with epithelioid cell and myxoid tumors were in the low‐count group. These findings suggest that the assessment of histologic grading of STS could be made effectively by the non‐specific classification and the aid of AgNOR Staining. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Renal cell carcinoma: The size variable
Authors: Frank Walter , Cuinan Patrick , Stuhldreher David , Saffrin Robert , Ray Paul , Rubenstein Marvin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree hundred and thirty‐seven renal cell carcinomas treated at University of Illinois Affiliated Hospitals were reviewed. There was an inverse correlation between tumor size and survival. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of cellular oncogenes in human gastric carcinoma: c‐myc, c–erb B2′ and c‐Ha‐ras
Authors: Kim Young‐Jin , Ghu Hoi–dong , Kim Dong‐Yi , Kim Hyun‐Jong , Kim Shin‐Kon , Park Chang‐soo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExpression of oncogenes in gastric cancer tissue was evaluated with immu‐nohistochemical staining methods using monoclonal antibodies to products of the oncogenes. Rates of expression in gastric cancer tissue were 50% for c‐myc, 72% for c‐erb B2, and 56% for c‐Ha‐ras oncogenes. Expression of these oncogenes in gastric cancer was not correlated with the histologic differentiation. The c‐Ha‐ras oncogene was positive in 19 of 26 cases with lymph node and/or distant metastasis: the positive rate was significantly higher than in cases without metastasis. Results suggest that c‐Ha‐ras oncogene is related to the prognosis of gastric cancer. The rate of expression of c‐myc and c‐Ha‐ras oncogenes in gastric cancer tissues was higher in the DNA aneuploid group than in the DNA diploid group. Expression of c‐myc and c−Ha−ras oncogenes correlated with other prognostic factors such as DNA ploidy pattern and metastasis. These oncogenes can be used to evaluate prognosis of gastric cancer patients. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.