bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-organizational pooling of NICU nurses in the Dutch neonatal network: a simulation-optimization study
Authors: Leeftink Gréanne , Morris Kimberley , Antonius Tim , de Vries Willem , Hans Erwin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neonatology care, the care for premature and severely ill babies, is increasingly confronted with capacity challenges. The entire perinatal care chain, including the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), operates at high occupation levels. This results in refusals, leading to undesirable transports to other centers or even abroad, which affects quality of care, length of stay, and safety of these babies, and places a heavy burden on patients, their families, and involved caregivers. In this work we assess the improvement potential of network collaboration strategies that focus on reducing the number of patient transports, by allowing flexible deployment of nurses over the existing NICUs to match short-term changes in patient demand. We develop a discrete event simulation with an integrated optimization module for shift allocation and transfer optimization. A case study for the Dutch national NICU network, involving 9 NICU locations and current transport of 15% of all NICU patients in case of no flexible deployment, shows the potential of transporting staff instead of patients: About 70% of patient transports can be eliminated in case of 15-50% capacity sharing, and about 35% of nationwide transports is eliminated with up to 15% capacity sharing in the Dutch’s main conurbation area only.
Probabilistic scoring lists for interpretable machine learning
Authors: Hanselle Jonas , Heid Stefan , Fürnkranz Johannes , Hüllermeier Eyke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A scoring system is a simple decision model that checks a set of features, adds a certain number of points to a total score for each feature that is satisfied, and finally makes a decision by comparing the total score to a threshold. Scoring systems have a long history of active use in safety-critical domains such as healthcare and justice, where they provide guidance for making objective and accurate decisions. Given their genuine interpretability, the idea of learning scoring systems from data is obviously appealing from the perspective of explainable AI. In this paper, we propose a practically motivated extension of scoring systems called probabilistic scoring lists (PSL), as well as a method for learning PSLs from data. Instead of making a deterministic decision, a PSL represents uncertainty in the form of probability distributions, or, more generally, probability intervals. Moreover, in the spirit of decision lists, a PSL evaluates features one by one and stops as soon as a decision can be made with enough confidence. To evaluate our approach, we conduct case studies in the medical domain and on standard benchmark data.
Identification of anthropogenic activities interference in the seismic catalog for Banat and Danubian region, Romania
Authors: Rău Adina , Dinescu Raluca , Popa Mihaela , Radulian Mircea , Lungu Mihail 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Banat and Danubian regions are among the most active zones in terms of crustal seismicity in Romania. Even though active seismic monitoring started in the early 20th century, the data sets got more performant with the development and expansion of seismic network monitoring in the late 1970’s. One particularity regarding seismic data acquisition is that in many cases anthropogenic activity, such as mining and quarry exploitation, interferes with natural seismicity. We aim to bring forward a series of data extracted from the ROMPLUS catalog to identify anthropogenic interference. To this aim, we propose a procedure based on multiple discrimination criteria, such as local time of event occurrence, magnitude, location concerning the nearest exploitation site, depth, and P wave input analysis (polarity and waveform). Identifying and filtering the anthropogenic events from the catalog will result in better imaging and characterizing of the natural seismic phenomenon in Banat and Danubian zones, improving the regional seismic hazard assessment this way.
Role of shearing wave elastography in detecting early diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Shaker Amr M. , Sleem Shaza Y. , Aly Mayssa I. , Habib Asmaa H. , Hassan Mona G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus is one of the systemic diseases affecting the kidneys that eventually develop end-stage kidney disease. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a reliable and non-invasive ultrasonography test used to determine tissue elasticity. The aim of this study is to detect early diabetic nephropathy by measuring renal stiffness using shear wave elastography (SWE), renal resistivity indices, and laboratory findings in DN patients.

Methods
Shear wave elastography and color duplex sonography assessments were performed in 60 diabetic nephropathy patients (divided according to eGFR into 3 stages: stage I-II-III diabetic nephropathy with equal groups of 20 patients in each stage) and 20 healthy age-matched control subjects. The SWE-derived mean value of the tissue stiffness, given in kilopascals (kPa), was correlated to patients’ clinico-laboratory data (serum creatinine and eGFR) and resistive index.

Results
There is a statistically significant increase in SWE and RI in the diabetic group than control group and a statistically significant increase in SWE (mean) in CKD stage II and III when compared with CKD stage I, SWE can be used to discriminate between diabetic groups and control group at a cutoff level of > 10.5 (kPa), and also, SWE (mean) can be used to discriminate between CKD stage II and III patients at a cutoff level of > 41 (kPa), with 66.7% sensitivity and 64.9% specificity.

Conclusion
Shear wave elastography is a sensitive, non-invasive, and specific diagnostic tool for the detection of diabetic nephropathy and differentiation between different stages of DN.
The Protective Effect of Boric Acid Against High Fructose-Induced Liver and Kidney Damage in Rats
Authors: Yüksel Duygu , Başeğmez Mehmet , Kan Fahriye 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the protective role of boric acid (BA) in high fructose (HF)-induced liver and kidney toxicity in a young rat model. High-fructose consumption causes serious damage to liver and kidney tissue in healthy individuals and contributes to the emergence of various metabolic diseases. Thirty-two healthy female Wistar albino rats (250–300 g weight and 3–4 months) were randomly distributed into four equal groups (n = 8): control, high fructose % 20 (HF), boric acid 20 mg/kg (BA), and HF + BA. High fructose was freshly prepared and administered to the rats as 20 g of d-fructose dissolved in 100 mL of tap water daily for a duration of 30 days. Boric acid (20 mg/kg) was administered through gastric gavage throughout the 30-day study period. At the end of study, blood, liver, and kidney were collected from rats. The results indicated that high fructose induced increased glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and urea levels in rat serum. Boric acid administration significantly decreased glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and urea levels in HF + BA groups. The results indicated that high fructose-induced oxidative stress by increasing the level of MDA and by decreasing GSH levels, and CAT activity in the liver and kidney of rats. However, oral BA administration significantly decreased MDA levels and increased GSH levels, and CAT activity (p < 0.05). Furthermore, BA significantly reduced high fructose-induced histopathological and Immunohistochemistry alteration in the liver and kidney tissues. In conclusion, BA may prevent the oxidative imbalance and histopathological and immunohistochemical damage caused by high fructose in liver and kidney tissues in rats.
Predicting recoverability of collapsed food webs through perturbation and dimension reduction
Authors: Patnaik Swastik , Baruah Gaurav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Biodiversity collapse, driven by increasing environmental changes, poses significant threats to ecosystem stability and the provision of essential ecosystem services. Understanding the recoverability of collapsed food webs thus is crucial for devising effective conservation strategies. This study delves into the theoretical exploration of the recoverability of food webs from a collapsed state. Through simple tools like dimension reduction, propagation of species-specific perturbation, and dynamical simulations, we explore whether simple tri-trophic food webs can be recovered from a collapsed state. Our study examines in detail the topological features of food webs that could either facilitate or impede their recovery. We demonstrate that the recoverability of complex food webs can be predicted by using a simple dimension-reduced model, with certain structural factors that could constrain the full recovery of collapsed food webs. Furthermore, we found that such a simple dimension-reduced model can accurately capture the rate of recovery for complex collapsed food webs. In addition, dynamic simulations highlighted the significance of topological features such as connectance and the number of predator links in determining recoverability. Our dimension-reduced modeling framework offers insights into the feasibility of restoring entire complex predator–prey networks through species-specific interventions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of ecosystem resilience and aids in the development of targeted conservation strategies.
Dealing with organised crime and the financing of terrorism: an introduction to the special issue
Authors: D’Souza Nikki , Robinson Paul , Ralph Liam , Antonopoulos Georgios A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This is an introduction to the articles submitted to the special issue of Trends in Organised Crime on dealing with organised crime and the financing of terrorism. The aim of the special issue is to draw together a range of empirical studies from around the world outlining important considerations for dealing with the relevant phenomena, including the key challenges and solutions for policy makers and practitioners.
Discovery of a second, distinct development pattern of leukemic conversion from paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Tokushige Junji , Taoka Kazuki , Nishikawa Masako , Jona Masahiro , Nakazaki Kumi , Yatomi Yutaka , Kurokawa Mineo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The incidence of leukemic conversion during the clinical course of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) has been reported to be 0.6–2.9%. Such an association is logically linked to the progression of PNH to acute leukemia, especially the M6 subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M6). In many of these cases (11/26, 42%), leukemic conversion from PNH is associated with development of AML-M6. A literature review including our cases showed that this leukemic conversion from PNH has two distinct development patterns. In type 1, leukemic clones were derived from non-PNH clones in most cases, and the PNH phenotype of erythrocytes disappeared with progression. In one of our cases, however, the patient was diagnosed with concomitant PNH and AML-M6, and leukemic cells were observed alongside CD55-negative and CD59-negative PNH clones. In Type 2 cases such as this one, conversion of PNH is characterized by the coexistence of leukemic cells with PNH clones. Flow cytometry revealed that CD34-positive blast cells were deficient in CD55 and CD59. In Type 2, PNH clones do progress into malignancies, albeit rarely, demonstrating a distinct second development pattern of leukemic conversion from PNH.
Developed a solar still unit for saltwater desalination: numerical prediction and performance verification
Authors: Ibrahim Ayman , El Mahallawy Nahed , Elsebaee Islam , Megahed Hebatullah , Aboelasaad Galal , El-Bediwy Abdelalim , Dewedar Osama 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the globe, there is a rise in water demand for agricultural, industrial, and domestic purposes. Single-basin solar stills (SBSS) have been a subject of research in various countries, particularly in regions with water scarcity or limited access to clean drinking water. In this work, SBSS for desalinating high-salinity water were developed, tested, and evaluated based on a developed numerical model using MATLAB R2021a program to predict the best productivity through the best selection of raw materials used to develop the SBSS. A four-inclined SBSS was fabricated and examined experimentally according to numerical model findings for best design parameters at Marsa Matrouh, 31° 21′ 10.44″N, 27°14′14.10″ E, Agricultural Station—Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt. The hourly experimental results are compared with the numerical results. A good correlation between the numerical and the experimental results with variations in water, and glass temperatures of 9, and 18% respectively, and a variation in cumulative productivity by 11%. The results clearly showed that instantaneous productivity increases by decreasing water depth to 10 mm and using the SBSS unit partially insulated from the bottom of the basin. Adding insulation in front of the sides and back of tempered glass increases the shading area and decreases water temperature hence the cumulative productivity by 15%. The cumulative productivity reached 3 L for the SBSS unit partially insulated from the bottom of the basin with an area of 0.6 m2 for only 12 h working system at a water depth of 10 mm.
Impact of metastasectomy on survival in patients with oligometastatic stage 4a lung cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ulusan Ahmet , Elma Bekir , Danaci Hilal Zehra Kumbasar , Sanli Maruf , Isik Ahmet Feridun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of metastasectomy on survival in patients with oligometastatic stage 4 lung cancer. Fifty-nine oligometastatic lung cancer cases operated on in our clinic between January 2015 and January 2024 were retrospectively examined. Demographic characteristics, metastasis type, metastasis locations, treatments applied, location of the primary tumor, histological type of the tumor, and metastasectomy status of the patients included in the study were evaluated. All patients underwent surgery for primary lung cancer. Generally, the mass in the lung was excised first. The metastasis was then removed. When brain surgery became a priority in some brain metastases, the metastasis was first removed and then the lesion in the lung was completely removed. In patients with oligometastasis, the tumor was either completely removed surgically or a complete cure was achieved with radiotherapy. All patients were stage 4a patients with metastases. The median age of the patients was 61 (36–76) years. 31 (52.6%) of the patients were aged 60 and over. 96.6% (n:57) of the patients were male and 3.4% (n:2) were female. Histopathological diagnosis was 35.6% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 42.4% adeno cancer. 61.0% of the patients had brain metastases and 23.7% had adrenal metastases. The hospital stay of the patients was 14.0 ± 9.9 days. Disease-free survival time was 18.3 ± 24.4 months and overall survival time was 13.6 ± 11.5 months. While 32.2% (n:19) of the patients were alive, 67.8% (n:40) died. The survival rate was statistically significantly higher in patients who underwent metastasectomy compared to those who did not undergo metastasectomy (p = 0.027). The risk factors were found to be significantly associated with survival in the logistic regression analysis included metastasectomy (OR: 3.942, p = 0.030), diagnosis (SCC) (OR: 9,000, p = 0.042), recurrence (OR: 5.248, p = 0.012), adjuvant RT (OR: 0.298, p = 0.045), and neoadjuvant therapy (OR: 4.154, p = 0.040). In stage 4a lung cancer patients with oligometastasis, curative treatment of metastasis (metastasectomy) has a positive effect on survival. The low rate of radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatments given after metastasectomy will protect patients from the side effects of these treatments.
Enhanced degradation of textile wastewater by activated carbon–assisted Fenton oxidation: economic analysis and ANN-based optimization
Authors: Kadıoğlu Elif Nihan , Atalay Eroğlu Handan , Öztürk Hacer , Akbal Feryal , Kuleyin Ayşe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to improve the removal organic contaminants from biologically pre-treated textile wastewater using activated carbon (AC)–assisted Fenton oxidation. The optimum conditions for Fenton process were found to be pH 3.0, 2 mM Fe2+ and 10 mM H2O2. Reed activated carbon (RAC), produced from Phragmites australis, and commercial activated carbon (CAC) were used to enhance Fenton process under optimized conditions. Different doses and reaction times of RAC and CAC were tested to improve chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour removal. The results showed that COD removal was 64% within the first 10 min, in the Fenton process. When RAC and CAC were added (2 g/L), COD removal increased to 83% and 88%, respectively. Colour removal was nearly complete at 436, 525, and 620 nm for both AC types. The total operational costs for textile wastewater treatment were calculated as 0.660 USD/m3 for Fenton process, 4.160 USD/m3 for CAC-assisted Fenton process, and 2.950 USD/m3 for RAC-assisted Fenton process. Additionally, artificial neural networks (ANNs) results demonstrated the success of the RAC and CAC-assisted Fenton systems, with determination coefficients (R
2) of 0.9503 and 0.9440, respectively. In this context, high R
2 values indicate that the model predicts the results of the RAC and CAC-assisted Fenton systems well and demonstrates the high efficiency of these systems.

Graphical Abstract
Abrupt onset or exacerbation of anorexia nervosa following recent infections: a mini-review and a case report with an atypical manifestation of PANS
Authors: Raffaele Lavalle , Cristina Tournour , Serena Rubano , Nadia Delsedime , Matteo Panero , Giovanni Abbate-Daga 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study examines the connection between infections and the abrupt onset or exacerbation of anorexia nervosa (AN) in the context of PANS (Pediatric Acute–Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome) and PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections).

Methods
The authors conducted a literature review and present a case study of a 17-year-old girl treated at the University of Turin Eating Disorder Unit, whose AN presented with an abrupt onset following an infection and was characterized by a rapid and favorable course.

Results
The review includes 30 cases derived from six studies, suggesting that AN can manifest as PANS/PANDAS, with subjects, mainly adolescents, experiencing sudden or exacerbated eating restrictions alongside obsessive–compulsive behaviors. Some cases improved with antibiotics or standard psychiatric treatments, although age, symptom severity, and diagnostic markers like D8/17 varied across studies. Data on treatment follow-up also varied.
The report refers to the case of V., a 17-year-old girl who developed AN following an intestinal infection. After significant weight loss and amenorrhea, she was hospitalized for 29 days, receiving psychiatric care, nutritional rehabilitation, and pharmacological treatment. Over 2 months of residential care and ongoing outpatient therapy, she improved notably, though mild body dysmorphophobia persisted.

Conclusions
While evidence suggests a possible link between infections and AN, research is still limited and inconsistent. Infections may trigger AN through autoimmune mechanisms or by initiating weight loss, particularly in younger patients. Although further studies are needed to clarify this relationship, infections should be considered in AN diagnosis, especially in pediatric cases.

Level of Evidence: Level V, a narrative review and a case report.
Light Management in 2D Perovskite Toward High-Performance Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Dong Kailian , Jiang Tao , Chen Guoyi , Cui Hongsen , Wang Shuxin , Zhou Shun , Wang Chen , Yang Yi , Yao Fang , Tao Chen , Ke Weijun , Fang Guojia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson (DJ) perovskite has garnered significant attention due to its superior responsivity and operation stability. However, efforts are predominantly focused on discovering new organic spacer to synthesize novel perovskites, while material-form-associated light management, which is crucial for enhancing the photodetector’s efficiency, is largely overlooked. Herein, we introduced surface light management strategy into DJ-type perovskite system by synthesizing surface-patterned BDAPbBr4 (BPB, BDA = NH3(CH2)4NH3) microplates (MPs) using template-assisted space-confined method, which was further elucidated by theoretical optical simulation. By leveraging surface-patterned MPs to enhance light absorption, the BPB-based photodetectors (PDs) achieved remarkable photoresponse in ultraviolet region, marked by a high on/off ratio (~ 5000), superior responsivity (2.24 A W−1), along with large detectivity (~ 1013 Jones) and low detection limit (68.7 nW cm−2). Additionally, the PDs showcased superior light communication and imaging capabilities even under weak-light illumination. Notably, the anisotropic nature of the surface-patterned MPs conferred excellent polarization sensitivity to the PD. These results represented the first demonstration of BPB perovskite in weak-light communication and imaging, as well as in polarized light detection. Our findings offer valuable insights into enhancing photodetector performance and optoelectronic applications through surface light management strategies.
Sustainable thermal buffering of microencapsulated bio-phase change materials through an engineered biochar dopant
Authors: Atinafu Dimberu G. , Choi Ji Yong , Nam Jihee , Yun Beom Yeol , Kim Sumin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Climate change and unbalanced energy demand and consumption require innovative approaches to the development of sustainable and renewable energy technologies. Phase change materials (PCMs) present exceptional solutions for zero-energy thermal management due to their outstanding energy storage density at an isothermal phase transition. However, the low thermal transport and thermal stability of bulk PCMs, as well as the expensive and complex synthesis of additive materials, hinder their large-scale utilization. In this study, food-waste-derived engineered biochar (FW) is produced via slow pyrolysis to improve the thermal properties of a microencapsulated bio-PCM (B28). The thermal performance of biochar-PCM composites is evaluated based on two biochar preparation systems: varying activation temperatures (carbonized at 400 °C followed by KOH activation at different temperatures (500–800 °C)) and varying mass ratios between KOH and biochar. The introduction of a low (0.63 wt%) engineered biochar dopant significantly improves the thermal diffusivity of B28 by more than 1.3-fold. The biochar-PCM microcapsule composites present fusion and crystalline isothermal phase transition temperatures of 29.4 ± 0.38 °C and 16.7 ± 0.13 °C, respectively. Moreover, the bio-PCM exhibits a highly efficient energy per unit mass of 61.6 kJ kg–1, which is 101.7% of the energy storage capacity of bulk B28. Additionally, the composite demonstrates high thermal stability with decomposition occurring above 195 °C, thus enabling an increase of > 20 °C in the onset decomposition point compared with pristine B28. Further analysis reveals the impact of the KOH/biochar mass ratio on the thermal properties of bio-PCM. Sample FW6PCM, in which the biochar is activated at 600 °C with a KOH/biochar mass ratio of 1, exhibits the highest enthalpy storage capacity. This study suggests a promising strategy for designing high-performance, eco-friendly, and scalable bio-based composite PCMs by overcoming the long-standing bottleneck of microcapsules, which is crucial for advanced thermal management applications such as cooling and green buildings.

Graphical Abstract