bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous segmental early relaxation of the left ventricle
Authors: Mizuno Kyoichi , Esente Paolo , Giambartolomei Alessandro , Gensini Goffredo G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAsynchronous left ventricular segmental early relaxation (SER) is an angiographic finding with unclear pathophysiological mechanism. We analyzed 158 consecutive, technically adequate left ventricular cineangiograms of patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Patients with valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, or borderline coronary artery disease (50‐74% lumen diameter reduction) were excluded. The patients were divided according to the presence or absence of coronary artery disease, segmental early relaxation, and left ventricular asynergy. Significant coronary artery disease was detected in 127 patients (80%), segmental early relaxation in 63 (40%), and asynergy in 85 (54%).Forty‐five percent of patients with unobstructed arteries and 38% with significant coronary artery disease exhibited segmental early relaxation. Twenty‐nine percent of patients with coronary artery disease and no asynergy, had segmental early relaxation, while this phenomenon was present in patients with coronary artery disease and asynergy.Since coronary artery disease subgroups are difficult to compare in terms of left ventricular mechanics, two groups of normal patients, 15 with and 14 without segmental early relaxation, were further evaluated: Left ventricular pressure, heart rate, dPdT, left ventricular diastolic volume and wall thickness were not significantly different. Left ventricular end‐systolic volume index was 30.3 ± 4.6 ml/m2 in patients with segmental early relaxation and 22.5 ± 5.1 ml/m2 in those without segmental early relaxation (p < 0.01), while peak wall stress was 332.4 ± 66.6 dynes/cm2 × 103 and 272.2 ± 47.1 dynes/cm2 × 103, respectively (p < 0.02). A third group of patients with segmental early relaxation and coronary artery disease had a repeat left ventricular angiogram after nitroglycerin: Segmental early relaxation disappeared in 12 (group A) and persisted in 4 (group B). After nitroglycerin, end‐systolic volume index decreased by 22% ± 8% in group A and by 1% ± 8% in group B (p < 0.005), while wall stress decreased by 24% ± 12% in group A and did not change in group B (p < 0.01). We conclude that segmental early relaxation, is (1) a very common finding (40% of the entire group); (2) frequent among normals (48%); (3) not a reliable predictor of coronary artery disease; (4) appears to be directly related to end‐systolic volume index and wall stress; (5) disappears following nitroglycerin when this drug decreases end‐systolic volume index and wall stress.
Assessment of left ventricular function by first‐pass radionuclide angiography in patients with poor left ventricular function
Authors: Iskandrian Abdulmassih S. , Segal Bernard L. , Kane Sally A. , Hakki A‐Hamid , Brice Claudia 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOne‐hundred consecutive patients with poor left ventricular systolic function (ejection fractions of ≤ 0.30) were selected (1) to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of radionuclide angiography (RNA) in estimating the ejection fraction and wall motion abnormalities; and (2) to define the spectrum of wall motion abnormalities and the prevalence of resectable aneurysms. All RNA studies were performed with the first‐pass technique by means of a computerized multicrystal scintillation camera. Twenty‐five patients underwent cardiac catheterization, left ventriculography, and coronary angiography. In these 25 patients there was fair correlation in the measurements of the ejection fraction (r = 0.59; y = 0.59 × + 0.06, p < 0.01) and good correlation in the measurement of left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (r = 0.91). Wall motion analysis in these 25 patients showed that there were 50 hypokinetic segments, 18 akinetic segments, and 7 dyskinetic segments as defined by contrast angiography, compared with 54 hypokinetic, 17 akinetic, and 4 dyskinetic segments as defined by RNA studies. Eighteen patients had either akinesia or dyskinesia by contrast angiography compared to 16 patients by RNA. Only one of the 25 patients was considered a candidate for aneurysmectomy.Of the remaining 75 patients who did not undergo cardiac catheterization, 15 patients each had dyskinetic segments, 25 patients had at least one akinetic segment, and 35 patients had neither akinetic or dyskinetic segments. Only three of the 75 patients were possible candidates for aneurysmectomy.Fifteen patients underwent a second RNA study at least one week after the initial study, with excellent reproducibility results (r = 0.91; y = 1.01 × − 0.01, P < 0.001). Ten patients underwent two RNA studies, one in the anterior projection and one in the right anterior oblique projection. Both projections proved to be comparable in assessing wall motion and ejection fraction. The right ventricular ejection fraction assessed in ten patients was depressed in all.We conclude: In patients with poor left ventricular function: (1) First‐pass radionuclide angiography with a multicrystal camera provides reliable and reproducible assessment of the regional and global functions of the left ventricle; and (2) resectable ventricular aneurysms are rare; therefore, the suspicion of ventricular aneurysm may be a poor indlcation for either radionucllde anglography or contrast angiography. However, since radionucllde angiography is safer and more cost effective it should be considered the procedure of choice in screening such patients.
Left atrial size and left ventricular function in coronary artery disease: An echocardiographic‐angiographic correlative study
Authors: Hamby Robert I. , Zeldis Steven M. , Hoffman Irwin , Sarli Patricia 
Published: March 2007

AbstractM‐mode echocardiography was used to determine left atrial size in 100 patients with coronary artery disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. Patients were divided in two groups on the basis of left atrial diameter (≥ 40 mm in 40 patients and < 40 mm in 60). Patients with larger left atria had a higher frequency of electrocardiographic evidence of left atrial abnormality (p < 0.01) and myocardial infarction (p < 0.001). Pulmonary capillary wedge and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressures were higher (p < 0.005) in patients with larger left atria. An abnormal end‐diastolic volume (>100 ml/M2) was observed in 13 patients with enlarged left atria compared to none with normal left atrial size (p < 0.001). Triple vessel disease was more frequent (63% vs 32%) and single vessel disease less frequent (10% vs 37%) in patients with larger left atria (p < 0.005). Abnormal left ventricular contractile patterns were noted in 45% of patients with normal left atrial diameters compared to 80% in those with an enlarged left atrium (p < 0.001). An abnormally low ejection fraction (< 0.5) was observed in 25% and 80%, respectively, in patients with normal and enlarged left atria (p < 0.001). Of 58 patients with normal ejection fractions, only 17% had left atrial diameters ≥40 mm compared to 71% of 42 patients with abnormally low ejection fractions (p < 0.001). Of 18 patients with left atrial diameters > 42 mm, only two had normal ejection fractions. The mean ejection fraction for patients with left atrial diameters <40 mm was 0.63 ± 0.13 compared to 0.41 ± 0.18 for those with diameters ≥40 mm (p < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value for an enlarged left atrium in identifying an abnormal ejection fraction were, respectively, 71, 83, and 75%. These findings indicate that M‐mode echocardiographic left atrial enlargement is a useful marker of advanced hemodynamic and anglographic abnormality in patients with coronary artery disease.
Diagnosis of aortico‐pulmonary window by two‐dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Donaldson R. M. , Ballester M. , Rickards A. F. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe accurate localization of a small (5 mm) aortico‐pulmonary window by 2DE is described. The findings were confirmed angiographically and at surgery.Although 2DE will probably not avoid angiographic studies required in some patients to exclude associated congenital abnormalities, the ability of this technique to accurately localize an aortico‐pulmonary window and distinguish it from other anomalies of the great arteries is of significant clinical importance.
Origin of both coronary arteries from the same sinus of valsalva: Report of two cases
Authors: Keren Andre , Tzivoni Dan , Granot Chaim , Yalon Shaul , Stern Shlomo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractOrigin of both coronary arteries from the same sinus of Valsalva was found in two patients. In one patient the right coronary artery opened from the left sinus of Valsalva, coursed between the pulmonary artery and aorta, disclosed a 95% obstruction in its proximal third with good runoff. The portion of the artery between the aorta and pulmonary artery showed cyclic narrowing during systole. In the second patient the left coronary opened from the right sinus of Valsalva, the left main trunk crossed anteriorily the pulmonary artery conus, and both the circumflex and the left anterior descending branches showed significant narrowing. In both patients the arteries shared a common sinus with two separate orifices, both had a bicuspid aortic valve, and in both, nonaberrant coronary vessels also had stigmata of atherosclerosis.
Pediatric arterial catheterization using a 3.2 french catheter
Authors: Keane J. F. , Fellows K. E. , Lang P. , Fyler D. C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRetrograde arterial catheterization was performed in 105 infants and small children (median age 6 mo) using a 3.2 French pigtail catheter made of ultrathin walled white Teflon. Three catheter lengths were used, (40, 50, and 65 cm). Pressure recordings and ease of sampling were judged excellent in all. All 118 angiograms (60 ventricular) were performed without complication except for two episodes of external catheter rupture. Angiographic quality was rated excellent in 41 %, good in 39%, fair in 18%, and poor in only 2%. Among the 81 patients in whom only this catheter was used percutaneously, pedal pulses were lost in 5%. Postcatheterization testing identified ranges of volume and flow‐rate characteristics which included 8 ml at 15 ml/sec (40 cm length), at 11 ml/sec (50 cm length), and at 9 ml/sec (65 cm catheter). We conclude that this small catheter is relatively safe and satisfactory for retrograde catheterization of infants and small children.
Dorros‐spring pressurizer: An inflation device for use in transluminal angioplasty procedures
Authors: Spring Donald A. , Dorros Gerald 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA simple hand‐operated balloon inflation device has been developed for use in coronary and peripheral transluminal angioplasty procedures. This device is compact, portable, and easily sterilized and eliminates the need for compressed gas, pneumatic pistons, carbon dioxide cartridges, or a complex holder or mounting apparatus. This device, the Dorros‐Spring pressurizer, provides for precise control of pressures which inflate the angioplasty dilatation catheters by means of an hydraulic salinecontrast system.This inflation device has been used in over 150 coronary and 100 peripheral transluminal angioplasties without the occurrence of failure of mechanical components or loss of calibration.
The multicentric character of normal left ventricular wall motion. Implications for the evaluation of regional wall motion abnormalities by contrast angiography
Authors: Goodyer Allan V. N. , Langou Rene A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCurrent radiologic approaches to evaluation of regional ventricular wall motion generally employ rectilinear hemichords (“hemiaxes”) or radial hemichords (“chords”) defined by the presumptions that wall segments move either perpendicularly toward the ventricular long axis, or toward some common center, respectively. In order to test these presumptions, the end‐systolic and end‐diastolic frames of 17 normal right anterior oblique (left) ventriculograms were analyzed, using a digitizer and a computer. The motion vectors of 47 points on each ventriculographic perimeter were defined by centers (located along the ventricular long axis). Twenty average centers were found which could be represented by three centers, for six regions of the normal angio‐graphic silhouette. Computer models of abnormal regional wall motion, using three centers, disclosed appreciable discrepancies among the chord, hemiaxis and rectilinear area methods, particularly for the apical and basal wall regions. The model data suggest that the wall region, iself, dictates the center which should be used for measuring an abnormality of regional wall motion.
Ventricular fibrillation complicating pacemaker insertion in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Mooss Aryan N. , Ross William B. , Esterbrooks Dennis J. , Nair Chandra , Mohiuddin Syed , Sketch Michael H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTemporary transvenous pacing catheters were placed in 101 patients with acute myocardial infarction (Ml) for the management of bradyarrhythmias or conduction disturbances. Fourteen (14%) patients (group A) developed ventricular fibrillation (VF) at the time of pacing catheter manipulation in the right ventricle. Compared to the remaining 87 (86%) patients (group B), the patients in group A were younger (56.1 vs 65.8 yrs, P = 0.007). Thirteen (92.8%) of 14 patients in group A had inferior MI compared to 58 (66.6%) of 87 patients in group B (P = 0.04). All but one patient in group A had pacemaker insertion within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of Ml compared to 55 (63%) of 87 in group B (P = 0.02). In 12 of the 14 patients in group A, following defibrillation and intravenous bolus administration of lidocaine, the pacing catheter was positioned in the right ventricle without further episodes of VF. It is concluded that (1) in patients with acute MI temporary transvenous pacemaker insertion may be complicated by VF; (2) VF is most likely to occur in younger patients with inferior MI infarction when the pacing catheter is inserted within 24 h of the onset of symptoms of infarction; and (3) administration of an intravenous bolus of lidocaine may be effective in preventing the induction of VF by catheter manipulation.
Cardiac catheterization dye does not affect serum thyroid hormone concentrations or tsh secretion
Authors: Kleinmann Richard E. , Sternthal Elliot , Starobin Oscar , Braverman Lewis E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe iodinated contrast agents used in oral cholecystography impair peripheral iodo‐thyronine‐5′‐deiodinase activity, resulting in a transient decrease in serum 3,5,3′‐triio‐dothyronine (triiodothyronine, T3) and in increases in serum 3,3′,5′‐triiodothyronine (reverse T3 rT3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations. A related iodinated contrast agent, diatrizoate, is employed in coronary angiography. The effect of diatrizoate (Renografin‐76®) on serum T4, rT3, and thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotropin, TSH) concentrations and the TSH and T3, responses to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) were evaluated in seven euthyroid patients before and on the fifth day following coronary angiography. No significant changes were observed. Thus, diatrizoate, in contrast to the oral cholecystographic agents, appears to have little or no clinically important effect on thyroid hormone metabolism in man.
Right atrial myxoma with atrial septal defect: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Natarajan Ponnuswamy , Vijayanagar Raghavendra R. , Eckstein Paul F. , Bognolo Diego A. , Toole John C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report the case of a 63‐year‐old woman presenting with progressive dyspnea of insidious onset culminating in severe central cyanosis. Conventional studies including M‐mode echocardiography did not point to the diagnosis. At cardiac catheterization a large right atrial myxoma producing partial dynamic tricuspid obstruction was discovered along with an atrial septal defect with a right to left shunt. After successful surgical excision of the tumor and repair of the atrial septal defect, the patient has been totally relieved of her presenting symptoms.
Failure of clinical response to prostaglandin e1 in a cyanotic infant with congenital absence of the ductus arteriosus
Authors: Hamilton Wade T. , Lacina Samuel J. , Bharati Saroja , Lev Maurice , Arcilla Rene A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA cyanotic newborn with virtual pulmonary atresia who failed to improve with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion, was found at autopsy to have congenital absence of the ductus arteriosus. Such infants require immediate alternative management, since short‐term palliation using PGE1 is not effective.
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the ascending aorta above the left coronary sinus
Authors: King Bernard D. , Ambrose John A. , Stein Jonathan H. , Ro Jae H. , Herman Michael V. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractEctopic origin of the right coronary artery is an infrequent anomaly. We report a case in which the right coronary artery arose from the ascending aorta above the left sinus. This anomaly was associated with a bicuspid aortic valve. Techniques for delineation of the ectopic origin of the right coronary artery are discussed.
Acquired internal mammary‐to‐coronary artery communication
Authors: Singh Ram N. , Varat Murray A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn unusual case of spontaneous development of anastomosis between the right internal mammary artery and right coronary artery was discovered by internal mammary arteriography. This appeared to have been promoted by coronary occlusion. Perfusion was sufficient to preserve myocardial function of the inferior wall.
Percutaneous embolic occlusion of an inadvertent surgical aortocoronary vein fistula
Authors: Grollman Julius H. , Lund Harold G. , Redington John V. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe previously recommended approach to inadvertent surgically placed aortocoronary vein fistula has been patient observation or surgical closure with rebypass. A third alternative, percutaneous embolic occlusion, is reported here and is recommended for use by those experienced with embolic techniques in situations where repeat bypass is not necessary and the existence of the fistula is felt to be detrimental to the patient's condition.
Mortality related to cardiac catheterization and angiography
Authors: Kennedy J. Ward , Baxley William A. , Bunnel Ivan L. , Gensini Goffredo G. , Messer Joseph V. , Mudd J. Gerard , Noto Thomas J. , Paulin Sven , Pichard Augusto D. , Sheldon William C. , Cohen Marc 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDuring a 14‐month period, 75 deaths occurring in relation to 53,581 cardiac catheterizations were consecutively and prospectively reported to the Registry Committee of the Society for Cardiac Angiography. Three of the patients died several days after their catheterization from an unrelated cause and are excluded from this analysis. There were 21 patients (group I) who arrived at the laboratory in extremis and whose deaths were expected irrespective of the catheterization. Most of these patients suffered from recent myocardial infarctions and cardiogenic shock, or had complex congenital malformations. In 35 patients (group II), a cardiovascular complication occurring during the catheterization resulted in death. In 16 patients (group III) catheterization seemed uneventful, but death occurred suddenly 10 min to 10 h after the procedure. Of these 16 patients, eight had left main coronary artery obstruction ≥ 90%, five had three‐vessel disease all with 90% obstructions, one had 2‐vessel disease both with 90% obstructions, and two had critical aortic stenosis.The 51 unexpected deaths (groups II and III) were considered to be causally related to the procedure, a mortality rate of 0.10%. Subsets with an increased mortality rate (M), were patients with: (a) left main disease > 50% (M = 0.94%); (b) ejection fraction < 30% (M = 0.54%); (c) NYHA class III or IV (m = 0.24%); (d) age over 60 years (M = 0.23%); or (e) three‐vessel disease (M = 0.13%).In conclusion, catheterization related mortality occurs mostly in patients with far advanced cardiac disease. Nearly 1/3 of the unexpected deaths occurred suddenly after a seemingly uneventful procedure. Close monitoring after catheterization of patients with similar characteristics (left main disease ≥ 90%, or three‐vessel disease all ≥ 90%) might disclose avenues for reducing mortality occurring after catheterization.
Interobserver variability in interpreting contrast left ventriculograms (CASS)
Authors: Wexler Laura F. , Lesperance Jacques , Ryan Thomas J. , Bourassa Martial G. , Fisher Lloyd D. , Maynard Charles , Kemp Harvey G. , Cameron Airlie , Gosselin Arthur J. , Judkins Melvin P. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRandomly selected left ventricular cineangiograms performed by 14 medical centers (clinical sites) participating in a large multicenter study of medical and surgical treatment of coronary artery disease (CASS) were systematically recalled and reread by one of four designated quality control centers. The end diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV), and ejection fraction (EF) calculated by the quality control center were compared with those calculated by the clinical site, and correlation coefficients of 0.71, 0.84, and 0.79, respectively, were obtained. Regional left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities were assessed by dividing the LV wall as viewed in the right anterior oblique (RAO) and left anterior oblique (LAO) views into five segments each and grading the motion of each segment according to six categories of increasing abnormalities from normal to aneurysm. When discrepancies based on “nearest neighbor” differences in naming adjacent segments were eliminated and only marked differences of more than one degree of severity of wall motion abnormality were considered, interobserver differences were 7% and 10% for RAO and LAO segments, respectively. Agreement was less frequent in designating a segment “aneurysmal”. When each LV segment was assigned a numerical score based on increasing severity of wall motion abnormality and a total LV score for each ventriculogram computed, the quality control and clinical site readings were in good agreement with a correlation coefficient of 0.83.
Limitations of ergonovine testing in patients with variant angina
Authors: Mautner Richard K. , Iteld Bruce , Giles Thomas D. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFourteen patients with variant angina underwent ergonovine testing during diagnostic coronary angiography. The clinical electrocardiographic or angiographic manifestations of coronary artery spasm could not be reproduced in six of these patients. Five patients had chest pain and transient ST‐segment elevation within 4 days of the ergonovine study, including three who developed coronary spasm in the catheterization laboratory. It appears that the sensitivity of ergonovine testing in the diagnosis of coronary spasm is lower than previously emphasized.