bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A profiled side‐channel attack detection using deep learning model with capsule auto‐encoder network
Authors: Maheswari Raja , Krishnamurthy Marudhamuthu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSide‐channel analysis (SCA) is a type of cryptanalytic attack that uses unintended ‘side‐channel’ leakage through the real‐world execution of the cryptographic algorithm to crack a secret key of an embedded system. These side‐channel errors can be discovered through tracking the energy usage of the device performing the technique, electromagnetic radiations while the encryption process, execution time, cache hits/misses, and others. Nowadays, deep learning‐based detection techniques are considered as emerging techniques that have been proposed for attack detection. Deep learning architectures have the ability to learn autonomously and concentrate on difficult features, in contrast to machine learning models. In light of these factors, the work's motive is thought to be the proposal of a deep learning‐based attack detection method. Many methods are used to decrease these assaults, however, the majority of them are inefficient and time‐demanding. In order to address these challenges, this study employs a novel deep learning‐based methodology. Pre‐processing, feature extraction, and SCA classification are the three stages of the approach proposed in this work. First, pre‐processing is used to remove unnecessary information and improve the quality of the input using data cleaning and min‐max normalization. The previously processed data are then fed as input into the proposed hybrid deep learning architecture. A Deep Residual Capsule Auto‐Encoder (DR_CAE) model is introduced in the proposed study. The deep residual neural network‐50 (DRNN‐50) is utilized to extract relevant features in this case, while the side channel analysis is done by using capsule auto‐encoder (CAE). The parameters of the proposed model are adjusted using the modified white shark optimization (MWSO) technique to improve its performance. In the results section, the proposed model is compared to various existing models in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F‐measures, time, and so on. The proposed framework has an accuracy of 98.802%, F‐measures of 98.801%, kappa coefficient of 97.6%, the precision value of 98.81%, and recall value of 98.80%.
A perspective of lipid nanoparticles for RNA delivery
Authors: Ma Yutian , Li Shiyao , Lin Xin , Chen Yupeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the last two decades, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have evolved as an effective biocompatible and biodegradable RNA delivery platform in the fields of nanomedicine, biotechnology, and drug delivery. They are novel bionanomaterials that can be used to encapsulate a wide range of biomolecules, such as mRNA, as demonstrated by the current successes of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines. Therefore, it is important to provide a perspective on LNPs for RNA delivery, which further offers useful guidance for researchers who want to work in the RNA‐based LNP field. This perspective first summarizes the approaches for the preparation of LNPs, followed by the introduction of the key characterization parameters. Then, the in vitro cell experiments to study LNP performance, including cell selection, cell viability, cellular association/uptake, endosomal escape, and their efficacy, were summarized. Finally, the in vivo animal experiments in the aspects of animal selection, administration, dosing and safety, and their therapeutic efficacy were discussed. The authors hope this perspective can offer valuable guidance to researchers who enter the field of RNA‐based LNPs and help them understand the crucial parameters that RNA‐based LNPs demand.
The Two Janus Faces of CpRu‐Based Deallylation Catalysts and Their Application for in Cellulo Prodrug Uncaging
Authors: Baiyoumy Alain , Vinck Robin , Ward Thomas R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the past 18 years, metal‐catalyzed deallylation has proven a useful tool for studying biological processes in cellulo and in the early development of innovative therapeutic catalytic strategies. This reaction is catalyzed by Ru‐piano stool complexes and has been reported to be compatible with air, water, and thiol‐containing compounds such as glutathione. However, little is known about the true influence of biological components on the outcome of this reaction. The results presented herein reveal that the co‐solvent used in the reaction affects the complex's stability and activity in air, while the presence of glutathione contributes to minimizing the formation of N‐allylated by‐products. In addition, we studied the effect of air on the Ru‐catalyzed deallylation. Importantly, we found that, in the presence of air, the complex is deactivated and oxidizes glutathione into its disulfide.
Verification report: Egalitarianism in young children
Authors: Clift Georgia , Beaudry Jennifer , Leung Sumie , Kaufman Jordy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study sought to evaluate the reproducibility of prominent findings stated by Fehr et al. in their developmental resource allocation experiment "Egalitarianism in Young Children", published in 2008. The experiment involved children making decisions about distributing sweets between themselves and either an in‐group or an out‐group recipient. Fehr et al. found that (1) inequity aversion develops with age; (2) 3‐ to 4‐year‐old children are inclined toward self‐advantageous allocations, whereas 7‐ to 8‐year‐olds distribute sweets more evenly in divisions, and (3) the influence of group status increases as children age. The original article stated that 229 Swiss school students aged 3 to 8 years (102 boys, 127 girls) participated in the study. However, no further demographics were reported. In our attempts to reproduce Fehr et al.'s original analyses and reanalyse the raw dataset, we found that one of the key variables was miscoded. After rectifying the miscoded variable, the reproduction results revealed only one ambiguously irreproducible result regarding a group status main effect in the sharing mini‐game—with three other tests exhibiting either strong reproducibility or ambiguous reproducibility. Reanalysis results indicated that Fehr et al.'s conclusions are robust when tested with alternative analytical tests.Highlights
We evaluated the reproducibility of Fehr et al.'s (2008) highly cited developmental resource allocation findings.
After identifying an inversely coded variable, we found all tests—bar one probit regression not related to major findings—to be reproducible. Reanalysis confirmed the robustness of Fehr et al.'s conclusions when using alternate analytical methods.
Fehr et al.'s developmental resource allocation findings are reproducible and have theoretical implications for understanding inequity aversion and group status effects on resource allocation decisions in young children.
RUNX1 regulates promoter activity in the absence of cognate DNA binding motifs
Authors: Woodworth Alex M. , Hardy Kristine , Taberlay Phillippa C. , Dickinson Joanne L. , Holloway Adele F. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRunt‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays an important role in normal haematopoietic cell development and function, and its function is frequently disrupted in leukaemia. RUNX1 is widely recognised as a sequence‐specific DNA binding factor that recognises the motif 5′‐TG(T/C)GGT‐3′ in promoter and enhancer regions of its target genes. Moreover, RUNX1 fusion proteins, such as RUNX1‐ETO formed by the t(8;21) translocation, retain the ability to recognise and bind to this sequence to elicit atypical gene regulatory effects on bona fide RUNX1 targets. However, our analysis of publicly available RUNX1 chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP‐Seq) data has provided evidence challenging this dogma, revealing that this motif‐specific model of RUNX1 recruitment and function is incomplete. Our analyses revealed that the majority of RUNX1 genomic localisation occurs outside of promoters, that 20% of RUNX1 binding sites lack consensus RUNX motifs, and that binding in the absence of a cognate binding site is more common in promoter regions compared to distal sites. Reporter assays demonstrate that RUNX1 can drive promoter activity in the absence of a recognised DNA binding motif, in contrast to RUNX1‐ETO. RUNX1‐ETO supresses activity when it is recruited to promoters containing a sequence specific motif, while interestingly, it binds but does not repress promoters devoid of a RUNX1 recognition site. These data suggest that RUNX1 regulation of target genes occurs through multiple mechanisms depending on genomic location, the type of regulatory element and mode of recruitment.
Green preparation of Fe3O4/HA/CS magnetic nanoparticles for oil–water separation
Authors: Wu Wei , Ma Xiaoqian , Wang Rui , Zhang Dayong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDDemulsification using chitosan (CS)‐coated magnetic nanomaterials has garnered significant attention. However, traditional methods for synthesizing chitosan (CS)‐coated magnetic nanomaterials are often contaminated, laborious, and time‐consuming. Moreover, they showed poor demulsification efficiency due to the occupation of free amino groups in CS by crosslinking agents.RESULTSCS‐coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized using humic acid (HA) as a bridge. The Fe3O4/HA/CS MNPs are recyclable demulsifiers for hexadecane‐water microemulsions. The impacts of MNP dosage, separation time, and pH on demulsification efficiency were studied comprehensively. Compared with Fe3O4/HA and Fe3O4/CS MNPs, the demulsification efficiency of the Fe3O4/HA/CS MNPs was superior. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the Sips isotherm best describe the demulsification process. Combined with the influence factors of demulsification efficiency, the demulsification mechanism involves electrostatic interactions between MNPs and oil microparticles. The maximum adsorption capacity for oil by the Fe3O4/HA/CS MNPs was 91.73 mg g−1.CONCLUSIONThis research presents a new method for connecting CS to MNPs with a high surface positive charge. As synthesized Fe3O4/HA/CS MNPs is expected to serve as highly efficient and recyclable demulsifiers for emulsified oil wastewater. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Deoxygenation of N‐heterocyclic N‐oxides with Selectfluor and disulfane
Authors: Çelikoğlu Muhammed Hanifi , Uçar Sefa , Nişancı Bilal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHerein, we describe a metal‐free methodology using Selectfluor with disulfane, for the deoxygenation of N‐heterocyclic N‐oxides (33 examples). This effective, robust, and simple methodology enables the synthesis of various deoxygenated analogues from a wide range of N‐heterocyclic N‐oxide cores at room temperature in short reaction times with quantitative yields.
Leveraging data to support health equity in an integrated delivery and finance system
Authors: Kogan Jane , Eichner Joan , Simhan Hyagriv , Dalton Erin , Jutca Alex , Quinn Beth , Chaney Jennifer , Patterson Anna , Keyser Donna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo accelerate healthcare transformation and advance health equity, scientists in learning health systems (LHSs) require ready access to integrated, comprehensive data that includes information on social determinants of health (SDOH).MethodsWe describe how an integrated delivery and finance system leveraged its learning ecosystem to advance health equity through (a) a cross‐sector initiative to integrate healthcare and human services data for better meeting clients' holistic needs and (b) a system‐level initiative to collect and use patient‐reported SDOH data for connecting patients to needed resources.ResultsThrough these initiatives, we strengthened our health system's capacity to meet diverse patient needs, address health disparities, and improve health outcomes. By sharing and integrating healthcare and human services data, we identified 281 000 Shared Services Clients and enhanced care management for 100 adult Medicaid/Special Needs Plan members. Over a 1‐year period, we screened 9173 (37%) patients across UPMC's Women's Health Services Line and connected over 700 individuals to social services and supports.ConclusionsOpportunities exist for LHSs to improve, expand, and sustain their innovative data practices. As learnings continue to emerge, LHSs will be well positioned to accelerate healthcare transformation and advance health equity.
Effect of Quercetin With Oral Hypoglycemics in Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetes, and Its Effect on Ulcerogenic Activity
Authors: Mayasa Vinyas , S. Bhavani , Nelson Vinod Kumar , Gundawar Ravi , Deepika P. Phani , Sivaiah Kummara , Patil Archana S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA diabetic‐induced ulcer is a complication of diabetes in which the formation of an ulcer increases and also causes a delay in ulcer healing. Diabetes adds a bonus to various factors like starvation and stress, imbalanced acid‐pepsin secretions, impaired mucosal resistance, acid‐back diffusion, and neuronal dysfunction. Feeding a high‐fat diet for 15 days after induction of STZ in rats develops diabetes mellitus simultaneously with growth, resulting in an acceleration of ulcers for any of the above reasons. The OGTT investigation included both normal and diabetic rats, and the researchers establish a consistently low dosage of conventional oral hypoglycemic agents for the treatment. Clinical studies in the literature highlight that effectively treating patients with diabetes complications has been demonstrated through glycemic control. Hence, effective palliative hypoglycemic agents are employed. Long‐term usage has revealed that they exert a drastic negative effect. Hence, herbal drug combinations with these standard drugs have proved to be effective in minimizing the side effects. QE, which has hypoglycemic, dyslipidemia, and antioxidant properties, has been effective when administered with Glipizide (5 mg kg−1). The monotherapy of this Glipizide and QE has not shown a beneficial effect in protecting the stomach from ulcers. The combination (G + QE) showed effective control of glucose without any hypoglycemia. QE as a single adjunct with Glipizide has proven promising in preventing and treating diabetic ulcers.
An Overview of Pharmacological Activities and Beneficial Effects of 3‐Hydroxyflavone
Authors: Ayyanna Chakali , Kuppusamy Sujatha , Kumar Pasala Praveen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFlavonoids are a diverse group of naturally occurring plant compounds that are primarily composed of phenols in their free form or glycosides. Flavonoid medicines are primarily composed of 2‐phenyl‐g‐benzopyrone. This family consists of monomeric flavanols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, flavones, isoflavonoids, and flavonols. The study's main objective is to review the newly discovered natural flavones and flavanols, as well as the biological and pharmacological actions of these essential flavonoids. As per the available data, 3‐hydroxy flavone plays a vital role in the prevention of a range of diseases. Research studies have confirmed that 3‐hydroxyflavone has a broad range of pharmacological properties like therapeutic effects against pain, inflammation, oxidative stress; hepatotoxicity, hypertension, ulcerogenesis, allergy, platelet dysfunction, microbes, fungi, viruses, rhinovirus, malaria, and carcinogens. 3‐Hydroxy flavone has limited utility because of their poor solubility and bioavailability. This has led to the search for new drug delivery methods, such as nanoparticles. To get over these problems, it would be preferable to administer 3‐hydroxyflavone via the biocompatible nanoparticles. It is expected that nanoparticles will improve the solubility of 3‐hydroxyflavone, enhance its therapeutic properties and facilitate its transport to the brain.
Methylene Blue Removal on Biodegradable Adsorptive Membranes Fabricated From Sugarcane Bagasse Pulp: Characterization and Performance Study
Authors: Elshabrawy Salma O. M. , Elhussieny Amal , Taha Mahmoud M. , Konsowa Abdelaziz H. , Fahim Irene S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDye‐containing waste should be carefully treated using environmentally friendly technology to prevent environmental harm and preserve water resources. Adsorptive membranes are a promising new approach for decreasing, recovering, and reusing waste while also removing contaminants like dyes. In this work, two different techniques are employed to create membranes using sugarcane bagasse pulp and carbon from charcoal. In the first technique, the surface of sugarcane bagasse is coated with charcoal paste as shown in Figure 1, while in the second, the carbon is combined with sugarcane bagasse pulp particles before being formed into sheets. It is discovered that the manufactured membranes has micron‐sized pores. It is discovered that the mixed‐fabricated membrane has a 99.4% better efficiency than the coated one. The membranes' surfaces are characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis.
Analyze the Impact of Nuclear Energy on Many Aspects of Life Cycles—Review
Authors: Wagadare Shraddha , Gupta Dhirendra Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy has long been seen as an important factor in meeting needs of people, in order to sustain and support the economic growth and livelihood. To understand the various technological processes in the nuclear power life cycle, it is first necessary to know the types of fuels used today. There are two types of gasoline in use today, “open” and “partially closed,” respectively, referred to as “single cycle” (OTC) and “double cycle” (TTC). A distinction must be made between “partial” closed fuel cycles, as they apply to current critical (thermal neutron spectrum) reactor technology, which is limited to two passes, and “full” closed cycles, which allow for greater circulation of spent oil but must be used. Fast reactors (FR) are included in the reactor fleet. Many recoveries of FR—already proven but not yet widely used in industry—will lead to reduced demand for uranium mining. In this section, references to “closed” fuel cycles include “partially” closed cycles, i.e., TTCs. What type, if any, is the correct content or information in question? Analysis of the world's energy consumption in recent years shows that the world's energy consumption has increased by 50% in less than a decade.
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Some Plants against Xanthomonas
Authors: Yadav Neha , Malviya Jitendra , Yadav Sawan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractXanthomonas species, including active axonopodis pv. malvacearum (X.a.m.), Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Taum (X.a.p.), and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (X. c. v.), are used to make various products and fractions of seven medicinal plants, including Aristolochi thyme and Aristolochia methanol extracts shown substantial antibacterial activity against all harmful microorganisms when tested on seven different plants. The solvent extracts' antibacterial qualities are more prominent when compared to the entire plant's aqueous extract, suggesting that the antibacterial activity's active components are more soluble in organic solvents. Further testing of the methanolic extract of thyme and aristolochia is shown by comparing the inhibitory activity of the extracts with bacteriomycin 2000 and streptomycin. According to a phytochemical investigation of the plant's leaves, phenolic chemicals are what give the plant its antibacterial qualities. According to the findings, thyme and aristolochia are plants that can manage Xanthomonas.
Exploration of Teratogenic Effects of Bambusa vulgaris on Wistar Rats by Evaluating Morphological and Skeletal Parameters
Authors: Acharya Biswajeet , Behera Amulyaratna , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Behera Suchismeeta , Moharana Srikanta , Chakroborty Subhendu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBambusa vulgaris is a commonly consumable plant, which is widely utilized by indigenous peoples as a source of food. Consumption of these plant products in various forms is typically acceptable due to their distinct tastes, and aromatic flavor. However, there is little information on the plant's safety and toxicity profile. Although toxicity information on B. vulgaris is readily available, the impact of plants during pregnancy has yet to be fully explored. To determine the possible mechanism behind teratogenicity, pregnant albino Wistar rats are administered aqueous extracts of B. vulgaris in a dose‐dependent manner. For determining the structural malformations, Teratogenicity indices include maternal common physiological parameters, number of implantations and fetal indices, number of live, resorpsed, and dead somites, morphological malformations, and skeletal malformations of different organs are evaluated by comparing different test groups with control groups. Most developmental indices, including implantation and fetalindices, vertebral, organ, and skeletal structures are significantly altered by the crude extract at higher dosages in treated as compared to control animals. The administration of aqueous extract of B. vulgaris during the organogenesis phase in rats has a considerable deleterious effect on embryonic and fetal developmental indices. It ruthlessly impacts the embryo's numerous organs as well as their typical physiological processes in a dose‐dependent way. The present investigation validates the capacity of B. vulgaris to cause developmental toxicity in Wistar rats, as evidenced by significant alterations in their gestational morphological, structural, and skeletal anatomy and physiology. It is recommended that further scientific studies be conducted to evaluate the more advanced mechanisms of teratogenicity associated with B. vulgaris.
Stability of Mosaic Divergent Repeat Interruptions in X‐Linked Dystonia‐Parkinsonism
Authors: Laß Joshua , Lüth Theresa , Schlüter Kathleen , Schaake Susen , Laabs Björn‐Hergen , Much Christoph , Jamora Roland Dominic , Rosales Raymond L. , Saranza Gerard , Diesta Cid Czarina E. , Pearson Christopher E. , König Inke R. , Brüggemann Norbert , Klein Christine , Westenberger Ana , Trinh Joanne 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundX‐Linked dystonia‐parkinsonism (XDP) is an adult‐onset neurodegenerative disorder characterized by rapidly progressive dystonia and parkinsonism. Mosaic Divergent Repeat Interruptions affecting motif Length and Sequence (mDRILS) were recently found within the TAF1 SVA repeat tract and were shown to associate with repeat stability and age at onset in XDP, specifically the AGGG [5′‐SINE‐VNTR‐Alu(AGAGGG)2AGGG(AGAGGG)n] mDRILS.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the stability of mDRILS frequencies and stability of (AGAGGG)n repeat length during transmission in parent–offspring pairs.MethodsFifty‐six families (n = 130) were investigated for generational transmission of repeat length and mDRILS. The mDRILS stability of 16 individuals was assessed at two sampling points 1 year apart. DNA was sequenced with long‐read technologies after long‐range polymerase chain reaction amplification of the TAF1 SVA. Repeat number and mDRILS were detected with Noise‐Cancelling Repeat Finder (NCRF).ResultsWhen comparing the repeat domain, 51 of 65 children had either contractions or expansions of the repeat length. The AGGG frequency remained stable across generations at 0.074 (IQR: 0.069–0.078) (z = −0.526; P = 0.599). However, the median AGGG frequency in children with an expansion (0.072 [IQR: 0.066–0.076]) was lower compared with children with retention or contraction (0.080 [IQR: 0.073–0.083]) (z = −0.007; P = 0.003). In a logistic regression model, the AGGG frequency predicted the outcome of either expansion or retention/contraction when including repeat number and sex as covariates (β = 80.7; z‐score = 2.63; P = 0.0085). The AGGG frequency varied slightly over 1 year (0.070 [IQR: 0.063–0.080] to 0.073 [IQR: 0.069–0.078]).ConclusionsOur results show that a higher AGGG frequency may stabilize repeats across generations. This highlights the importance of further investigating mDRILS as a disease‐modifying factor with generational differences. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.