bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A general strategy to significantly reduce thermal expansion and achieve high mechanical properties in iron alloys
Authors: Chen Jun , Lu Hao , Zhou Chang , Song Yuzhu , zhang Yuanpeng , Wu Yiming , Long Feixiang , Yao Yonghao , Hao Jiazheng , Chen Yan , Yu Dunji , Schwiedrzik Jakob , An Ke , He Lunhua , Lu Zhaoping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Iron alloys, including steel and magnetic functional materials, are widely used in capital construction, manufacturing, electromagnetic technology, etc. However, they face the long-standing challenge of high coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), limiting the applications in high-precision fields. This work proposes a general strategy involving the in-situ formation of a nano-scale lamellar/labyrinthine negative thermal expansion (NTE) phase within the iron matrix to tackle this problem. For example, a model Fe alloy, Fe-Zr10-Nb6, was synthesized and its CTE is reduced to approximately half of the iron. Meanwhile, the alloy possesses an excellent strength-plasticity combination of 1.5 GPa (compressive strength) and 17.5% (ultimate strain), which outperforms other low thermal expansion (LTE) metallic materials. The magnetovolume effect of the NTE phase is deemed to counteract the positive thermal expansion in iron. The high stress-carrying hard NTE phase and the tough matrix synergistically contribute to the superior mechanical properties. The interaction between the slip of lamellar microstructure and the slip-hindering of labyrinthine microstructure further enhances the strength-plasticity combination. This work shows the promise of offering a universal method to produce LTE iron alloys with outstanding mechanical properties.
Real-world clinical results of CGRP monoclonal antibody treatment for medication overuse headache of migraine without abrupt drug discontinuation and no hospitalization
Authors: Tanei Takafumi , Fuse Yutaro , Maesawa Satoshi , Nishimura Yusuke , Ishizaki Tomotaka , Nagashima Yoshitaka , Mutoh Manabu , Ito Yoshiki , Hashida Miki , Suzuki Takahiro , Yamamoto Syun , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Saito Ryuta 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Abrupt discontinuation of overused medications is the gold standard treatment for medication overuse headache (MOH), but discontinuation is difficult to maintain. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the real-world clinical results of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody (CGRP-mAb) treatment for MOH of migraine without abrupt drug discontinuation and no hospitalization.
Methods
Patients with MOH of migraine receiving naïve CGRP-mAb treatment without abrupt drug discontinuation were enrolled. Data were collected before starting CGRP-mAb injections (baseline) and after each injection. The primary endpoint was evaluated after the third injection. The following items were compared between baseline and after each injection: monthly headache days (MHD), monthly migraine days (MMD), monthly acute medication use (AMU) days, monthly total amount of AMU tablets, headache impact test-6 (HIT-6), and the migraine-specific quality of life questionnaire (MSQ). Achieving reduction rates ≥ 50% in the frequency of each headache and migraine (MHD and MMD, respectively) was defined as a good response. Achieving reduction rates of both AMU days and tablets ≥ 50% was defined as effective in reducing AMU.
Results
This study included 33 patients with MOH of migraine. After the third CGRP-mAb injection, MHD and MMD were significantly decreased from median 30.0 [interquartile range (IQR), 28.0–30.0] days to 9.5 [IQR, 5.5–13.3] days, and 10.0 [IQR, 6.0–15.0] days to 1.5 [IQR, 0.0–3.0] days, respectively (p < 0.001). In addition, monthly AMU days and tablets were also significantly decreased from median 28.0 [IQR, 20.0–30.0] days to 8.0 [IQR, 4.8–11.3] days, and 30.0 [IQR, 22.0–54.0] tablets to 9.5 [IQR, 4.8–13.5] tablets, respectively (p < 0.001). The good MHD and MMD responder rates were 75.0% and 85.7%, respectively. The rate of reducing AMU was 78.6%. HIT-6 and MSQ scores decreased significantly from baseline to after each CGRP-mAb injection (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
When CGRP-mAb was administered to MOH of migraine, the frequency of headache symptoms and AMU were reduced without abrupt drug discontinuation and no hospitalization.
Social Determinants of Childhood Immunization in Ghana: Equity Impact Analysis
Authors: Puobebe Carolyn , Yoo Katelyn Jison 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Equity is a fundamental principle underlying the global immunization program. Ghana has among the highest rates of childhood immunisation coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study analyses full immunization coverage, calculates immunization dropout rate, and estimates the equity impact by child, maternal, socioeconomic, geographic and place of birth characteristics.
Methods
We analysed full immunization coverage (1-dose BCG, 3-dose DPT-HepB-Hib (Pentavalent), 4-dose polio, 3-dose pneumococcal (PCV3), 2-dose rotavirus, 1-dose measles (MCV1) and 1-dose Yellow Fever vaccines) of 1127 and 1705 children aged 12–23 months from the 2014 Ghana Demographic Health Survey and the 2018 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey respectively. Mean coverage was disaggregated by socioeconomic (household wealth), maternal (maternal age at birth, maternal marital status, maternal education, and maternal exposure to media), sex of child and place of birth characteristics. Concentration indices estimated income-related inequalities and multiple logistic regression assessed the association between full immunization coverage and dimensions of inequality.
Results
Full vaccination coverage was 75.5% [72–79] and 73% [CI:69–76] in 2014 and 2018 respectively. Penta1 recorded the highest coverage of 96% [95–98] and 95% [CI:93–96] in 2014 and 2018 respectively. OPV0 recorded the lowest coverage of 77.5% [74.3–80.5] and 74.5% [71.0-77.6] in 2014 and 2018 respectively. The immunization dropout rate for Penta1 to measles was 10.4% in 2018. Children born in a health facility had 84% higher odds of being fully immunised compared to children born at home. Children in Possession of a health card had 83% higher odds of complete immunization and children born to mothers aged 25–29 years had 84% higher odds of being fully immunised compared to children born by mothers age < 25. Income related inequalities were pronounced in OPV0 with concentration indices of 0.27 and 0.22 in 2014 and 2018 respectively. Significant inequalities were pronounced in urban residence and children without a health card with concentration indices of 0.2 and 0.4 respectively.
Conclusions
Ghana’s immunization coverage is below the target levels and significant income-related inequalities exist. Health system and maternal-level health interventions will have the highest impact in promoting equity for the benefit of underserved children. As Ghana prepares to exit as a beneficiary of Gavi, monitoring and evaluation systems need to be strengthened.
Hot and fresh: evidence of climate-related suboptimal conditions for seagrass in a large Gulf coast estuary
Authors: Beck Marcus W , Flaherty-Walia Kerry , Scolaro Sheila , Burke Maya C , Furman Bradley T , Karlen David J , Pratt Christopher , Anastasiou Christopher J , Sherwood Edward T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Seagrasses have long been a focal point for management efforts aimed at restoring ecosystem health in estuaries worldwide. In Tampa Bay, Florida (USA), seagrass coverage has declined since 2016 by nearly a third (11,518 acres), despite sustained reductions of nitrogen loads supportive of light environments for growth. Changing physical water quality conditions related to climate change may be stressing seagrasses beyond their optimal growth ranges, requiring an assessment to determine if this decline can be linked to climate stress. Three ambient water quality datasets of varying sampling design and coverage were evaluated to characterize physicochemical environments in Tampa Bay and the potential relationships with seagrass change. Tampa Bay has become hotter and fresher with water temperature increasing by 0.03–0.04 \({}^{\circ }\)C per year and salinity decreasing by 0.04–0.06 ppt per year, translating to an increase of 1.3 to 1.7 \({}^{\circ }\)C and a decrease of 1.6 to 2.6 ppt over the last fifty years. These changes varied spatially and seasonally, with the most dramatic changes observed in the upper bay. Simple linear models provided a weight-of-evidence that recent seagrass declines are somewhat associated with hotter and fresher conditions. Trends in warming and increased precipitation in the region are likely to continue, further creating suboptimal conditions for seagrasses in Tampa Bay. These results should compel resource managers to consider the likelihood that reduced resilience of estuarine resources due to shifting ecological baselines driven by additional climate change drivers will complicate long-standing management paradigms. While conventional management approaches that focus on limiting nutrient loads should be continued, their future effectiveness may be confounded by climate change drivers and warrant additional, complementary interventions to maintain ecosystem health into the future.
Association between voriconazole-induced visual hallucination and dopamine: an analysis of the food and drug administration adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Kato Hideo , Shiraishi Chihiro , Hagihara Mao , Mikamo Hiroshige , Iwamoto Takuya 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Voriconazole is a second-generation azole used to treat serious fungal infections. Visual hallucinations constitute a representative adverse event caused by voriconazole. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In patients with schizophrenia or Parkinson’s disease, the frequency of visual hallucinations is associated with brain dopamine levels.
Objectives: This study investigated the frequency of visual hallucinations in patients treated with voriconazole alone or in combination with dopaminergic medicines or dopamine antagonists, using data collected from the food and drug administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS).
Methods: The frequency of visual hallucinations with voriconazole alone and in combination with a dopaminergic medicine (levodopa) or dopamine antagonists (risperidone and chlorpromazine) was compared using data from the FAERS between 2004 and 2023, using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with relevant 95% confidence intervals (CI). The reference group comprised patients who had been administered voriconazole without dopaminergic medication or dopamine antagonists.
Results: Of the patients, 22,839, 90,810, 109,757, 6,435, 20, 83, and 26, respectively were treated with voriconazole, levodopa, risperidone, chlorpromazine, voriconazole plus levodopa, voriconazole plus risperidone, and voriconazole plus chlorpromazine. The occurrence of visual hallucinations increased when used in combination with levodopa (ROR=12.302, 95% CI=3.587-42.183). No increase in incidence was associated with the concomitant use of dopamine antagonists (risperidone, ROR=1.721, 95% CI=0.421-7.030; chlorpromazine, ROR=none, 95% CI=none).
Conclusions: Dopaminergic medications may increase the risk of visual hallucinations in patients treated with voriconazole. Whether voriconazole positively modulates dopamine production warrants further investigation using a translational research approach.
Effects of a 12-week multicomponent exercise programme on physical function in older adults with cancer: Study protocol for the ONKO-FRAIL randomised controlled trial
Authors: García-García Julia , Rodriguez-Larrad Ana , Zeberio Maren Martinez de Rituerto , Mediavilla Jenifer Gómez , Vicente Borja López-San , Artola Nuria Torrego , Etxetxipia Izaskun Zeberio , Garmendia Irati , Alberro Ainhoa , Otaegui David , Rabasco Francisco Borrego , Caffarel María M , Vrotsou Kalliopi , Irazusta Jon , Arrieta Haritz , Pelaez Mireia , Belloso Jon , Basterretxea Laura 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Cancer in older adults is often associated with functional limitations, geriatric syndromes, poor self-rated health, vulnerability and frailty, and these conditions might worsen treatment-related side effects. Recent guidelines for cancer patients during and after treatment have documented the beneficial effects of exercise to counteract certain side effects; however, little is known about the role of exercise during cancer treatment in older adults.
Methods: This is a multicentre randomised controlled trial in which 200 participants will be allocated to a control group or an intervention group. Patients aged ≥ 70 years, diagnosed with any type of solid cancer and candidates for systemic treatment are eligible. Subjects in the intervention group are invited to participate in a 12-week supervised multicomponent exercise programme in addition to receiving usual care. Study assessments are conducted at baseline and 3 months. The primary outcome measure is physical function as assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery. Secondary outcome measures include comprehensive geriatric assessment scores, anthropometric characteristics, frailty status, physical fitness, physical activity, cognitive function, quality of life, fatigue and nutritional status. Study assessments also include analysis of inflammatory, endocrine and nutritional mediators in serum and plasma as potential frailty biomarkers at mRNA and protein levels and multiparametric flow cytometric analysis to measure immunosenescence markers on T and NK cells. This research has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Basque Country.
Discussion: This study seeks to extend our knowledge on exercise interventions during systemic anticancer treatment in patients over 70 years of age. Results from this research will guide the management of older adults during systemic treatment in hospitals seeking to enhance the standard of care.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05131113, November 11, 2021.
A diagnostic model for atherosclerosis established on the basis of autophagy-related genes
Authors: He Chuanhui , Wang Zhu , Liu Hongli , Yuan Sujun , Yang Huiyu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background Atherosclerosis, a common cardiovascular disease, has a complex etiology. In recent years, autophagy has been recognized to play a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to establish a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis based on autophagy-related genes.
Objectives Our research aims to establish a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis based on autophagy-related genes.
Methods GSE100927 and GSE28829 were downloaded from the GEO website (https:// www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/ geo/). Autopophagy-related genes were obtained from the Human Autophagy Database (HADb) database (http://www.autophagy.lu/index.html). Then, taking the intersection, we obtained 19 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes. Using machine learning methods and validation with GSE28829, we identified six genes. These six genes were used to construct a new diagnostic model for arteriosclerosis, and a nomogram was generated.
Results The results demonstrated that the new model exhibited good accuracy and sensitivity in diagnosing atherosclerosis. Additionally, we explored the role of these six genes in 28 types of immune cells through immune infiltration analysis. Furthermore, we validated the differential expression of the diagnostic model in normal mice and mice with atherosclerosis through in vivo experiments.
Conclusion We successfully established a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis based on autophagy-related genes. This model provides new insights and methods for the early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. This research is expected to lead to the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Pancreatic Cancer in Saudi Arabia (2005-2020): Increasing Trend
Authors: Elwali Nasr Eldin , AlShareef Saad Mohammed , Elhassan Moawia M.A. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, a highly fatal malignancy, has shown a global rise in the incidence and mortality rates. However, these rates vary significantly across different regions worldwide. This study aims to assess the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia. We collected the data from 16 annual cancer incidence reports in Saudi Arabia for the study period (2005–2020) and from the WHO's IARC Global Cancer Observatory website. Although the burden of pancreatic cancer in Saudi Arabia is relatively lower compared to global rates, the disease incidence has shown a steady increase over the study period, in addition to regional variations within the country. The disease predominantly affects the elderly population, aged 50 years and above in both genders, with males exhibiting higher rates than females. Further studies are required to identify the potential risk factors for pancreatic cancer in the Saudi population.
Effects of the daily light-dark cycle on rhythms of behavior and physiology in boring giant clam Tridacna crocea
Authors: Li Meng , Yang Wenhong , Hong Xin , Wang Aimin , Yang Yi , Yu Feng , Liu Chunsheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Giant clams obtain their nutrition from both filter-feeding and photosynthates produced by symbiotic zooxanthellae within their mantle tissue. The symbiotic partnerships between giant clam and zooxanthellae are critical for the health and survival of giant clams. Therefore, light/dark alternation plays a crucial role in influencing the growth performance and physiological change of the giant clam-zooxanthellae symbiosis in natural ecosystems. In this study, the rhythms of mantle area, physiological metabolic activity, and oxidative stress in the boring giant clam, Tridacna crocea, caused by 12-hour light-dark cycles (7:00–19:00 light-on and 9:00–21:00 light-on, respectively) were investigated. The relative mantle area, net calcification rate and gross primary production significantly increased with the increase in light time, and the highest values were observed after 4–7 h of light exposure. The values of symbiosis Y (II) sharply increased when giant clams were transferred from dark to light conditions, and then slightly decreased to a low level until the next light/dark cycle. Dynamic changes of zooxanthellae density in the outer mantle were observed with two-peck values noted at 4-h after light-on and -off, respectively. The absorption of ammonium-nitrogen (negative values of ammonia metabolic rate) was observed when giant clams were exposed to light, and the rate reached its highest value after 10 h of light exposure. Rhythmic changes of oxidative stress related enzymes and antioxidant molecule were also detected in the inner and outer mantles. In detail, the highest values of SOD activity were observed around light-on time in both inner and outer mantles, while the tendency of CAT activity was not the same in inner and outer mantles; the GSH contents in inner mantle were significantly higher than that in outer mantle, and their values significantly increased with light exposure; the MDA concentrations from 5:00 to 14:00 were almost the same in both inner and outer mantles, which showed significantly higher than those of other sampling point. The rhythms of these detected behaviors and physiological responses were almost delayed with the delay of photocycle. This provides experimental support for the hypothesis that some behaviors and physiological responses of giant clams exhibit circadian rhythms, which are affected by change of light/dark alternation.
A Knowledge-Guided Process Planning Approach with Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Wu Hongjin , Chen Yelin , Wang Xuesong , Peng Yibing 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

With the wide application of computer-aided technologies such as CAD and CAM in the manufacturing industry, more and more process documents and design documents generate multi-source process knowledge and expert experience. However, due to the diverse and complex representation of process knowledge, more effective methods are needed to mine a large amount of multi-source information and the explicit and implicit relationships between knowledge. Effective knowledge reuse in process planning still needs to be improved. This paper proposes a reinforcement learning approach that combines knowledge graphs and process decision-making activities in process planning to exploit the learning potential of process knowledge graphs. Firstly, a reinforcement learning environment for process planning is introduced to model the process planning problem as a sequential recommendation of process knowledge. Secondly, this paper designs in detail the state representation that combines process sequences and potential relationships between processes. This paper also creates a composite reward function that combines the process planning environment. In addition, a new algorithm is proposed for learning the proposed model more efficiently. Experimental results show that the network structure proposed in this paper has more accurate recommendation results than other methods. Finally, this paper takes flange as an example to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Assessement of different materials used for fabrication of fixed free fixed dental prostheses. Finite element analysis
Authors: Galal Rami M. , Elhotieby Menat Mohamed , Hamza Ghada Ezzat , Aldimiery Yousra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objectives
this research assessed three materials to be used for fabrication of fixed free fixed dental prosthesis using finite element analysis, total deformation, Von Mises stress maximum amounts and sites on the bone, and the fixed dental prosthesis body were compared.
Methods
3D finite element model was made for the tested fixed dental prosthesis and a contact scanner was used. A fixed free dental prosthesis restoring the maxillary first premolar where second premolar with first molar were the supporting abutments that were scanned. Porcelain fused to metal, CEREC Tessera (Dentsply Sirona) and Poly-Ether-Ketone-Ketone were assessed as fixed free dental prosthesis materials. Cement thickness was adjusted to 40 microns. 100 N vertical load was applied to the central fossa of the pontic in the model.
Results
The deformations in this study were within the acceptable range except with the PEKK fixed free prosthesis. Tessera was with better results than the porcelain fused to metal as the more elastic modulus allows for absorption of energy from loading.
Conclusion
Purely used PEKK is not recommended for fixed free dental prosthesis. Low stiffness fixed dental prosthesis material helps in transferring low amount of load to the underneath tissues.