bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronically activated microglia in ALS gradually lose their immune functions and develop unconventional proteome
Authors: Barreto‐Núñez Romina , Béland Louis‐Charles , Boutej Hejer , Picher‐Martel Vincent , Dupré Nicolas , Barbeito Luis , Kriz Jasna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeuroinflammation and chronic activation of microglial cells are the prominent features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology. While alterations in the mRNA profile of diseased microglia have been well documented, the actual microglia proteome remains poorly characterized. Here we performed a functional characterization together with proteome analyses of microglial cells at different stages of disease in the SOD1‐G93A model of ALS. Functional analyses of microglia derived from the lumbar spinal cord of symptomatic mice revealed: (i) remarkably high mitotic index (close to 100% cells are Ki67+) (ii) significant decrease in phagocytic capacity when compared to age‐matched control microglia, and (iii) diminished response to innate immune challenges in vitro and in vivo. Proteome analysis revealed a development of two distinct molecular signatures at early and advanced stages of disease. While at early stages of disease, we identified several proteins implicated in microglia immune functions such as GPNMB, HMBOX1, at advanced stages of disease microglia signature at protein level was characterized with a robust upregulation of several unconventional proteins including rootletin, major vaults proteins and STK38. Upregulation of GPNMB and rootletin has been also found in the spinal cord samples of sporadic ALS. Remarkably, the top biological functions of microglia, in particular in the advanced disease, were not related to immunity/immune response, but were highly enriched in terms linked to RNA metabolism. Together, our results suggest that, over the course of disease, chronically activated microglia develop unconventional protein signatures and gradually lose their immune identity ultimately turning into functionally inefficient immune cells.
Job satisfaction of health workers at a Vietnamese University Hospital and its predicted factors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sa Hoang Cao , Nhiem Nguyen Thi Thanh , Anh Bui Thi My , Thanh Nguyen Duc 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsJob satisfaction of healthcare workers from conventional and university hospitals (or teaching hospitals) might be different due to several factors, for example medical staff required to carry out multiple clinical and teaching tasks simultaneously. Our study aimed to determine how the job satisfaction among healthcare workers in university hospitals is different from those in conventional hospitals.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted by using the validated and contextualized job satisfaction tool for the Vietnamese context to survey 216 healthcare workers at a university hospital in Vietnam from January to March 2020 with online Google forms.ResultsThe results indicated low overall job satisfaction (43.1%) in our study university hospital with the score cutoff of 80%. However, healthcare workers still reported high job satisfaction rates in certain aspects, such as personal empathy (70.8%), discipline, and reward (67.6%), co‐worker collaboration (65.3%), training and promotion (63%), workplace environment (57.4%), and salary and allowance (44.9%). Subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences in job satisfaction (p < 0.01) related to age (31 to 40‐year‐old), and job position with ORs 3.9, and 8.6 respectively.ConclusionUniversity hospitals need to improve the healthcare workers' job satisfaction. It is recommended that special human resource strategies should be developed focusing on keeping satisfying older healthcare staff by recognizing their contributions and providing appropriate benefits based on their positions in the hospital.
Impacts of male chromosomal polymorphisms on semen quality and IVF/ICSI outcomes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lu Yongjie , Tian Tian , Chen Lixue , Yan Liying , Chang Liang , Qiao Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe study aims to elucidate the impacts of different types of male chromosomal polymorphisms (MCPs) on various outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 1442 couples with normal karyotypes, 1442 couples with MCPs, 42 couples with male chromosomal rearrangements (MCRs), and 42 couples with MCRs combined with MCPs who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment at Peking University Third Hospital from 2015 to 2021. The semen quality, embryological outcomes, and clinical outcomes of different groups stratified by karyotypes were compared.ResultsFor couples undergoing IVF, male inv(9) was associated with a significantly lower sperm viability rate (29.41% vs 34.49%, P = 0.030), a lower progressive motility rate (25.13% vs 30.50%, P = 0.013), and a lower normal fertilization rate (52.41% vs 59.84%, P = 0.014). Male 9qh + was related to a lower sperm viability rate (27.56% vs 34.49%, P = 0.028). No MCPs were observed to compromise clinical outcomes in couples undergoing IVF. For couples undergoing ICSI, no MCPs exhibited an association with poorer semen quality and embryological outcomes. However, Yqh + and DGpstk+ were found to be significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of preterm birth (23.3% vs 9.2%, P = 0.003; 20.0% vs 9.2%, P = 0.041, respectively). In couples with MCRs, the presence of MCPs significantly reduced the sperm viability rate (19.99% vs 30.97%, P = 0.017) and progressive motility rate (8.07% vs 27.85%, P = 0.018).ConclusionOur study provides detailed evidence for the impacts of various MCPs on IVF/ICSI outcomes, reveals the complexity and heterogeneity of these impacts, and highlights the adverse effects of male inv(9).
Neural stochastic agent‐based limit order book simulation with neural point process and diffusion probabilistic model
Authors: Shi Zijian , Cartlidge John 
Published: April 2024

SummaryModern financial exchanges use an electronic limit order book (LOB) to store bid and ask orders for a specific financial asset. As the most fine‐grained information depicting the demand and supply of an asset, LOB data are essential in understanding market dynamics. Therefore, realistic LOB simulations offer a valuable methodology for explaining the empirical properties of markets. Mainstream simulation models include agent‐based models (ABMs) and stochastic models (SMs). However, ABMs tend not to be grounded on real historical data, whereas SMs tend not to enable dynamic agent‐interaction. More recently, deep generative approaches have been successfully implemented to tackle these issues, whereas its black‐box essence hampers the explainability and transparency of the system. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel hybrid neural stochastic agent‐based model (NS‐ABM) for LOB simulation that incorporates a neural stochastic trader in agent‐based simulation, characterised by (1) representing the aggregation of market events' logic by a neural stochastic background trader that is pre‐trained on historical LOB data through a neural point process model; (2) learning the complex distribution for order‐related attributes conditioned on various market indicators through a non‐parametric diffusion probabilistic model; and (3) embedding the background trader in a multi‐agent simulation platform to enable interaction with other strategic trading agents. We instantiate this hybrid NS‐ABM model using the ABIDES platform. We first run the background trader in isolation and show that the simulated LOB can recreate a comprehensive list of stylised facts that demonstrate realistic market behaviour. We then introduce a population of ‘trend’ and ‘value’ trading agents, which interact with the background trader. We show that the stylised facts remain and we demonstrate order flow impact and financial herding behaviours that are in accordance with empirical observations of real markets.
When one tool is not enough: An integrative psychotherapeutic approach to treating complex PTSD
Authors: Horesh Danny , Lahav Yael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComplex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) is a term representing the psychopathological implications of exposure to chronic, inter‐personal trauma. These include the main symptoms of PTSD, as well as changes in identity, emotion regulation, and inter‐personal relationships. Self‐harm and dissociation (i.e., disintegration of mental processes) are also quite common in CPTSD. Considering this complex and often severe clinical picture, mental health professionals often find it difficult to effectively treat CPTSD. In this paper, we present an integrative approach to the treatment of CPTSD based on a combination of techniques from several psychotherapy approaches. The case described here illustrates the need for therapeutic flexibility and eclecticism when treating individuals exposed to chronic trauma. We show the advantages of flexible therapeutic attunement, which enables the therapist to respond to the changing need of the patient, as well as her fluid clinical picture and symptom manifestation. The case also illustrates how interventions taken from psychodynamic therapy, Dialectical behavior therapy, and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing may be applicable in various stages of treatment, alleviating the patient's distress in several psychological and physical domains.
A general inductive approach to characterize transdiagnostic experiences of emptiness
Authors: Hudson Chloe C. , Ferguson IreLee , Fan Kailyn , Björgvinsson Thröstur , Beard Courtney 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite the pervasiveness of patient‐reported emptiness and the high burden it carries, emptiness is poorly understood. In the current study, we used a general inductive approach to examine experiences with emptiness in a diagnostically diverse sample of treatment‐seeking patients with severe and acute psychopathology. As a secondary aim, we also examined whether identified themes differed among patients with a primary diagnosis of borderline personality disorder or major depressive disorder.MethodParticipants (n = 150) ranged from 18 to 69 years old (M = 33.15, SD = 12.41; 79.3% non‐Hispanic White; 57.3% females). All patients completed the borderline personality disorder module of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Personality Disorders and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Interviewers documented patients' responses to follow‐up questions. Patients were included in the study if they endorsed chronic feelings of emptiness and elaborations were documented.ResultsWe identified 10 themes associated with patient‐reported emptiness: (1) purposeless, (2) lack of connection, (3) numbness, (4) self‐deprecation, (5) lack of identity, (6) lack of motivation, (7) hopelessness, (8) lack of pleasure, (9) physical sensation, and (10) dissociation. Themes were consistent across diagnostic status, with one exception: patients with borderline personality disorder were more likely to report that emptiness was associated with dissociation relative to patients with major depressive disorder.ConclusionOur results suggest that emptiness may reflect a multifaceted and transdiagnostic construct. Identified themes may help to support the assessment of emptiness and can be used to guide individualized treatments.
Trends in functional outcome measures in orthopedic oncology
Authors: Le David , Martin Kelsey , Clark Sean C. , Ruso Devyn , Hoyen Alex , Hunter Krystal , Kim Tae Won B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify trends in the use of functional outcome measures within orthopedic oncology. The search engine, PubMed, was reviewed for all articles over an 11‐year period from 2011 to 2021 from five major journals that publish in the field of orthopedic oncology. The functional outcome measures used in the articles were recorded along with study date, study design, clinical topic/pathology, and level of evidence. Out of 5968 musculoskeletal tumor‐focused articles reviewed, 293 (4.9%) included at least one outcome measure. A total of 28 different outcome tools were identified. The most popular were Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score (61.1%) and Toronto Extremity Salvage (TESS) score (14.0%), followed by 36‐Item Short Form Survey (SF‐36) (4.1%) and Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (3.8%). The use of MSTS scores decreased by 0.7% each year, whereas PROMIS increased by 1.2% each year. Seventy‐four articles used more than one outcome measure. Of these 74 articles, 61 had the MSTS as one of the outcome measures. Orthopedic oncology utilizes functional outcome measures less commonly in comparison to other orthopedic subspecialties. However, this may be due in large part to orthopedic oncologists putting more emphasis on outcomes such as local recurrence, implant failure, and mortality. MSTS score is the most widely used functional outcome measure, but the utilization of PROMIS has increased recently, and could be the next step in evaluating outcomes in orthopedic oncology as it is patient‐derived rather than physician‐derived.
Simultaneous determination of folic acid photolysis products and oxidized guanine derivatives in plasma by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Juan , Hu Wenchao , Liu Mengxue , Tian Yingqi , He Manni , Liu Hongmin 
Published: April 2024

Folic acid (FA) is easily photodegraded to yield 6‐formylpterin and pterin‐6‐carboxylic acid, which can generate reactive oxygen species and result in the formation of oxidized guanine derivatives such as 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine and 8‐hydroxy‐guanosine. In this study, we developed a simple, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry strategy for the simultaneous determination of FA photolysis products and oxidized guanine derivatives in plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters HSS T3 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 5.0 μm) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. Plasma samples were first pretreated with 1% formic acid, followed by protein precipitation with methanol. The developed method showed good linear relationships between 1 and 2000 ng/mL (r2 > 0.99). The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions ranged from 2.6% to 7.5% and from 2.5% to 6.5%, respectively. Recoveries of the analytes were between 75.4% and 112.4% with the relative standard deviation < 9.1%. Finally, the method was applied to quantify FA photolysis products and oxidized guanine derivatives in rats with light and non‐light conditions.
All‐inside endoscopic semiautomatic running locked stitch technique shows favourable outcomes for acute Achilles tendon ruptures
Authors: Wei Shijun , Li Qing , Wu Helin , Kong Changwang , Xu Feng , Cai Xianhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThe safety and reliability of endoscopic Achilles tendon rupture repair are still concerning aspects. This study's aim is to evaluate an all‐inside endoscopic semiautomatic running locked stitch (Endo‐SARLS) technique.MethodsForty cases with acute Achilles tendon rupture were treated with the all‐inside Endo‐SARLS technique between 2020 and 2021. Under endoscopic control, the proximal tendon stumps were stitched with the running locked method using a semiautomatic flexible suture passer. The threads of the high‐strength suture were grasped through the paratenon subspace and then fixed into calcaneal insertion with a knotless anchor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surgical time and complications were assessed. Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), Achilles Tendon Resting Angle (ATRA) and Heel Rise Height Scale (HRHS) were utilised to evaluate final outcomes.ResultsThe average follow‐up time was 25.4 ± 0.4 (range: 24–32) months. Appropriate tendon regeneration was observed on MRI after 12 months. At the final follow‐up, the median value of ATRS score was 95 (interquartile range: 94, 98). Furthermore, there is no significant difference between the injured and contralateral side in the average ATRA (18.2 ± 1.8 vs. 18.3 ± 1.9°, ns) and median value of HRHS [14.5 (13.3, 15.5) vs. 14.8 (13.5, 15.6) cm, ns]. No infection and nerve injuries were encountered. Thirty‐nine patients reported that they resumed casual sports activity after 6 months. One patient had a slight anchor cut‐out, due to an addition injury, which was removed after 5 months.ConclusionsAn all‐inside Endo‐SARLS technique showed promising clinical results for acute Achilles tendon ruptures. This procedure reduces the risk of sural nerve injuries while establishing a reliable connection between the tendon stumps.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Photoaffinity labeling coupled to MS to identify peptide biological partners: Secondary reactions, for better or for worse?
Authors: Walrant Astrid , Sachon Emmanuelle 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAffinity photolabeling is a smart method to study noncovalent and transient interactions and provide a submolecular picture of the contacts between interacting partners. In this review, we will focus on the identification of peptide partners using photoaffinity labeling coupled to mass spectrometry in different contexts such as in vitro with a purified potential partner, in model systems such as model membranes, and with live cells using both targeted and nontargeted proteomics studies. Different biological partners will be described, among which glycoconjugates, oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, and lipids, with the photoreactive label inserted either on the peptide of interest or on the potential partner. Particular attention will be paid to the observation and characterization of specific rearrangements following the photolabeling reaction, which can help characterize photoadducts and provide a better understanding of the interacting systems and environment.
Simulated cost‐effectiveness of a novel precision‐guided dosing strategy in adult patients with Crohn's disease initiating infliximab maintenance therapy
Authors: Alizadeh Elmar R. , Dervieux Thierry , Vermeire Severine , Dubinsky Marla , D'Haens Geert , Laharie David , Shim Andrew , Vaughn Byron P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with Crohn's disease (CD) who lose response to biologics experience reduced quality of life (QoL) and costly hospitalizations. Precision‐guided dosing (PGD) provides a comprehensive pharmacokinetic (PK) profile that allows for biologic dosing to be personalized. We analyzed the cost‐effectiveness of infliximab (IFX) PGD relative to two other dose intensification strategies (DIS).MethodsWe developed a hybrid (Markov and decision tree) model of patients with CD who had a clinical response to IFX induction. The analysis had a US payer perspective, a base case time horizon of 5 years, and a 4‐week cycle length. There were three IFX dosing comparators: PGD; dose intensification based on symptoms, inflammatory markers, and trough IFX concentration (DIS1); and dose intensification based on symptoms alone (DIS2). Patients that failed IFX initiated ustekinumab, followed by vedolizumab, and conventional therapy. Transition probabilities for IFX were estimated from real‐world clinical PK data and interventional clinical trial patient‐level data. All other transition probabilities were derived from published randomized clinical trials and cost‐effectiveness analyses. Utility values were sourced from previous health technology assessments. Direct costs included biologic acquisition and infusion, surgeries and procedures, conventional therapy, and lab testing. The primary outcomes were incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs). The robustness of results was assessed via one‐way sensitivity, scenario, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA).ResultsPGD was the cost‐effective IFX dosing strategy with an ICER of 122,932 $ per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) relative to DIS1 and dominating DIS2. PGD had the lowest percentage (1.1%) of patients requiring a new biologic through 5 years (8.9% and 74.4% for DIS1 and DIS2, respectively). One‐way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the cost‐effectiveness of PGD was most sensitive to the time between IFX doses. PSA demonstrated that joint parameter uncertainty had moderate impact on some results.ConclusionsPGD provides clinical and QoL benefits by maintaining remission and avoiding IFX failure; it is the most cost‐effective under conservative assumptions.
An evaluation of physical medicine and rehabilitation accredited sports medicine fellowship websites
Authors: Khalil Michael , Ho Elver S. , Zweig Sophia , Agarwal Sanjeev 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDue to the virtual format of fellowship applications, prospective physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) sports medicine fellowship applicants commonly rely upon fellowship website content to make decisions about applications. Studies have shown that information available to fellowship applicants on program websites is inadequate, and there is no standard for important components of sports medicine fellowship websites.ObjectiveTo determine what sports medicine fellowship program features PM&R residents, fellows, and attending physicians consider the most important to be listed on fellowship websites, as well as to assess the scope of information available on fellowship websites.DesignWe developed a 30‐item list of criteria that fell into categories of general information, fellowship education, recruitment, experience, and academic research. Survey participants were asked to rank the importance of those various items. We then assessed the 21 PM&R accredited sports medicine fellowship websites for the presence of these criteria.ParticipantsNinety‐six survey respondents composed of PM&R residents, current sports medicine fellows, and attendings.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome Measure(s)Not applicable.ResultsItems ranked as most important were those in the categories of general information, fellowship experience, and fellowship recruitment. The most valued items were program location, program coordinator contact information, program length, specific requirements for applying, number of positions, types of procedures taught, and specific sites covered. Academic research items were ranked as least important.ConclusionsSurvey respondents identified many fellowship website items as important factors when applying to programs. Many of these items were not listed on fellowship websites, suggesting that adding these criteria to fellowship sites might benefit applicants. Our findings can be used to develop standardized criteria for important components of sports medicine fellowship websites to improve the application and recruitment process.