bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating substance use peer support and screening brief intervention and referral to treatment services in the emergency department: a descriptive study of the ED leads program
Authors: Avalone Lynsey , Lalane Monique , King Carla , Pfeiffer Kayna , Linn-Walton Rebecca , Barron Charles 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The ED Leads program was introduced to 11 emergency departments (EDs) within New York City public hospitals from 2018 to 2019 to address a need for addiction support services in the ED. The purpose of this study is to (i) describe the ED Leads blended licensed-clinician and peer counselor team model in the ED at three hospitals, (ii) provide a descriptive analysis of patient engagement and referrals to substance use disorder (SUD) care post-intervention, and (iii) highlight potential barriers and facilitators to implementing the model.

Methods
The program intended to combine Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment and peer support services. The authors analyzed electronic medical records data for patients encountered by ED Leads in the first 120 days of program launch. Data included the outcome of an encounter when a patient was engaged with one or both staff types, and 7-day attendance at an SUD treatment appointment when a patient accepted a referral within the 11-hospital system.

Results
There were 1785 patients approached by ED Leads staff during the study period. Engagement differed by staff type and patient demographics, and encounter outcomes varied significantly by hospital. Eighty-four percent (N = 1503) of patients who were approached engaged with at least one staff type, and 6% (N = 86) engaged with both. Patients were predominantly male (N = 1438, 81%) with an average age of 45 (SD = 13), and enrolled in Medicaid (N = 1062, 59%). A majority (N = 801, 45%) had alcohol use disorder. Of the patients who accepted a referral within the system (N = 433), 63% received treatment services within 7 days of the ED Leads encounter, a majority at detoxification treatment (N = 252, 58%).

Conclusions
This study describes the potential value and challenges of implementing a blended peer counselor and licensed clinician model in the ED to provide SUD services. While teams provided a high volume of referrals and the analysis of post-intervention treatment follow up is promising, the blended team model was not fully realized, making it difficult to assess the benefits of this combined service. Further research might examine patient outcomes among ED patients who are offered services by both a peer counselor and licensed clinician.
Curcuma longa L. extract increased immune responses in RAW 264.7 cells and cyclophosphamide-induced BALB/c mice
Authors: Kim Se Jeong , Kim San , Jang Sehyeon , Gu Da Hye , Park Jeong Min , Ryu Jung A. , Yoon Sung Ran , Jung Sung Keun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCurcuma longa L. extract (CLE) exerts various biological functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anticancer, and antiallergenic effects. However, its immune-enhancing capacity remains unclear. Therefore, the immune-enhancing effect of CLE was investigated in RAW 264.7 cells and cyclophosphamide (CPP)-induced immunosuppression model. CLE upregulated nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species production and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression without affecting the RAW 264.7 cells viability. The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CLE increased the gene expression and protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, CLE upregulated p65, I kappa B kinase α/β, and I kappa B α (IκBα) phosphorylation and downregulated IκBα expression in RAW 264.7 cells. CLE also increased p65 translocation from the cytoplasmic to the nucleus in RAW 264.7 cells. The oral administration of CLE increased organ indexes (including the spleen and thymus) and NO production in peritoneal macrophages and improved natural killer cell activity in CPP-induced immunosuppression BALB/c mice. Overall, CLE could be a useful health functional food material that can improve innate immunity via macrophage activation.
Metabolomics characterization of two saffron from Iran and China using GC–MS and LC–MS methods
Authors: Li Donglin , Zuo Wenhui , Ma Shuo , Li Renjie , Ye Zhenfeng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSaffron is a medicinally important species of the Iridaceae family. Saffron’s quality depends on the concentration of secondary metabolites. In this study, GC–MS and LC–MS were utilized to dissect the different metabolites profile of two saffron produced in Iran and China. As a result, a total of 325 differential metabolites (237 from LC–MS, 88 from GC–MS) were identified. These differential metabolites were grouped into the following categories such as lipids, alkaloids, amino acids, terpenoids, organic acids, and flavonoids in saffron from the LC–MS analysis. The differential metabolites mainly concentrated on metabolic pathways, nucleotide metabolism, purine metabolism, and flavonoid biosynthesis. In Iran vs. China, the category of flavonoids includes Styrene, Apigenin-7-O-(6''-p-Coumaryl)glucoside, Houpulin F, Apigenin-5-O-glucoside, Tiglic acid; 2-Methyl-2-Butenoic Acid, p-Cymene, and 2,4-Nonadienal, (E,E)-. The terpenoids including downregulated Cafestol, rhodomollein XI, inumakiol G, D-Limonene, Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, 4-methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)- and upregulated rhodomollein XI were significantly different identified in Iran vs. China. In conclusion, the saffron from different cultivation areas possess many metabolites that are beneficial for health, including lipids, alkaloids, amino acids, terpenoids, organic acids, and flavonoids. Thus, compared with Iran, saffron from China have a higher medicinal value. This study provides a direction for the subsequent development and utilization of saffron.
Recent advances in earthquake seismology using machine learning
Authors: Kubo Hisahiko , Naoi Makoto , Kano Masayuki 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGiven the recent developments in machine-learning technology, its application has rapidly progressed in various fields of earthquake seismology, achieving great success. Here, we review the recent advances, focusing on catalog development, seismicity analysis, ground-motion prediction, and crustal deformation analysis. First, we explore studies on the development of earthquake catalogs, including their elemental processes such as event detection/classification, arrival time picking, similar waveform searching, focal mechanism analysis, and paleoseismic record analysis. We then introduce studies related to earthquake risk evaluation and seismicity analysis. Additionally, we review studies on ground-motion prediction, which are categorized into four groups depending on whether the output is ground-motion intensity or ground-motion time series and the input is features (individual measurable properties) or time series. We discuss the effect of imbalanced ground-motion data on machine-learning models and the approaches taken to address the problem. Finally, we summarize the analysis of geodetic data related to crustal deformation, focusing on clustering analysis and detection of geodetic signals caused by seismic/aseismic phenomena.Graphical Abstract
Relation between earthquake swarm activity and tides in the Noto region, Japan
Authors: Hirose Fuyuki , Tamaribuchi Koji , Kobayashi Akio , Maeda Kenji 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe Noto region in Japan has been experiencing earthquake swarm activity since mid-2018, with repeated rises and falls in activity. Crustal deformation (expansion and uplift) observed there since the end of 2020 has been connected to crustal fluids. Studies in other regions have suggested that tides are related to earthquake swarm activities associated with crustal fluids. Therefore, we investigated whether tides are also involved in the Noto earthquake swarm activity. Our results suggest a tidal correlation only at greater depths in the southern part of the analyzed area (‘region Sd’). There, we inferred that an increase in pore fluid pressure caused by the inflow of deep fluids may have led to a decrease in fault fracture strength, making the local seismicity relatively susceptible to the effects of tidal forces. The significantly high value in region Sd of the scaling parameter $$b$$
b
of the Gutenberg–Richter law (describing the earthquake magnitude–frequency distribution) and observed crustal deformation are consistent with this interpretation.
Graphical Abstract
A case of late-onset bleeding from an intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm after hemostasis using soft coagulation
Authors: Shimizu Rie , Suda Kenichi , Takemoto Toshiki , Fukuda Shota , Chiba Masato , Shimoji Masaki , Soh Junichi , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Tsutani Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
The use of soft coagulation is becoming common in thoracic surgery. Soft coagulation provides rapid hemostasis from small vessels during surgery by dehydrating tissue and denaturing proteins, without burning the tissue.

Case presentation
A 68-year-old man, with a history of right lower lobectomy 3 years prior, underwent a partial resection of the right upper lobe for a pulmonary nodule suspicious for secondary lung cancer. During the surgery, dissection of the adhesion caused a bleeding from the 6th intercostal artery, and hemostasis was achieved using soft coagulation (some degree of tissue carbonization was noticed at later mortality and morbidity conference). He experienced hemoptysis at postoperative day 18 and was transferred to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm of the 6th intercostal artery. Embolization was performed by angiography to stop the bleeding.

Conclusions
We experienced a case of late-onset bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm related to soft coagulation hemostasis. Lessons learned from this patient are that additional hemostasis, such as ligation, would be considered for small arteries after hemostasis has been achieved by soft coagulation, especially when some degree of tissue carbonization is suspected.
In vitro effects of anti-MRSA agent adsorption onto the AN69ST hemofilter
Authors: Inano Yoshinori , Tsuchiya Kayoko , Kumano Ryota , Miura Go , Nakasa Hiromitsu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Blood purification therapy with a sulfonated polyacrylonitrile surface treated (AN69ST) hemofilter is used to treat sepsis. However, the AN69ST hemofilter has been reported to adsorb and remove therapeutic drugs; warranting further investigation. In this study, we evaluated the adsorption effects of AN69ST membranes and hemofilters connected to a dialysis circuit model on anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) agents, such as arbekacin sulfate (ABK), linezolid (LZD), vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM), teicoplanin (TEIC), and daptomycin (DAP), in in vitro experiments.

Methods
Drug solutions were exposed to AN69ST membranes. The absorbance of the drug solution was measured over time, and the drug content was calculated. Additionally, we calculated the drug content over time by circulating the drug solution through a dialysis circuit model. The clearance of each drug was determined at 5 and 60 min.

Results
The content of ABK, TEIC, DAP, and VCM decreased substantially after the addition of AN69ST membranes compared to those of the standard reagent. However, the LZD content did not decrease. In the dialysis circuit model, the content of ABK, TEIC, DAP, and VCM were 3.7%, 25.7%, 43.8%, and 44.5%, respectively, at 20 min, which were clearly lower than those of the standard reagent (62–64%). However, the LZD content remained unchanged. The clearance of ABK, TEIC, DAP, and VCM increased after 5 min.

Conclusions
The in vitro adsorption of anti-MRSA agents onto the AN69ST hemofilter was confirmed for ABK, TEIC, DAP, and VCM. Positively charged ABK was particularly susceptible to adsorption and should be avoided during blood purification using the AN69ST hemofilter. In addition, we concluded that TEIC, DAP, and VCM should be used for therapeutic drug monitoring because the adsorption rate of each drug is believed to vary depending on its protein binding rate.
Takotsubo syndrome: left atrial and ventricular myocardial strain impairment in the subacute and convalescent phases assessed by CMR
Authors: Pambianchi Giacomo , Marchitelli Livia , Cundari Giulia , Ruoli Letizia , Conia Luca , Catalano Carlo , Galea Nicola 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
We investigated the differences in impairment of left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) contractile dysfunction between subacute and convalescent takotsubo syndrome (TTS), using myocardial strain analysis by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) feature-tracking technique.

Methods
We retrospectively selected 50 patients with TTS clinical-radiological diagnosis who underwent CMR within 30 days since symptoms onset: 19 studied during the early subacute phase (sTTS, ≤ 7 days) and 31 during the convalescence (cTTS, 8–30 days). We measured the following: LV global longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain (lvGLS, lvGCS, lvGRS) and strain rate (SR) and LA reservoir (laS_r), conduit (laS_cd), and booster pump strain (laS_bp) and strain rate (laSR_r, laSR_cd, laSR_bp). Patients were compared with 30 age- and sex-matched controls.

Results
All patients were women (mean age 63 years). TTS patients showed altered LV- and LA-strain features, compared to controls. sTTS was associated with increased laS_bp (12.7% versus 9.8%) and reduced lvEF (47.4% versus 54.8%), lvGLS (-12.2% versus 14.6%), and laS_cd (7.0% versus 9.5%) compared to cTTS (p ≤ 0.029). The interval between symptoms onset and CMR was correlated with laS_bp (r = -0.49) and lvGLS (r = 0.47) (p = 0.001 for both). At receiver operating characteristics analysis, laS_bp was the best discriminator between sTTS and cTTS (area under the curve [AUC] 0.815), followed by lvGLS (AUC 0.670).

Conclusions
LA dysfunction persists during the subacute and convalescence of TTS. laS_bp increases in subacute phase with progressive decrease during convalescence, representing a compensatory mechanism of LV dysfunction and thus a useful index of functional recovery.

Relevance statement
Atrial strain has the potential to enhance the delineation of cardiac injury and functional impairment in TTS patients, assisting in the identification of individuals at higher risk and facilitating the implementation of more targeted and personalized medical therapies.

Key points
• In TTS, after ventricular recovery, atrial dysfunction persists assessable with CMR feature tracking.
• Quantitative assessment of atrial strain discriminates atrial functions: reservoir, conduit, and booster pump.
• Atrial booster pump changes after acute TTS, regardless of ventricular function.
• Atrial strain may serve as a temporal marker in TTS.

Graphical Abstract
Whole exome sequencing in a sample of Egyptian patients with covert cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Aref Hany , Maged Mohamed , Roushdy Tamer , Shokri Hossam , Hamid Eman , Cho Bernard P. H. , Markus Hugh S. , Fathy Mai , El Nahas Nevine 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Covert cerebral small vessel disease (cCSVD) is associated with many age-related morbidities with little available data regarding the pathophysiology and role of genetics in it. This study aims to investigate the genetic load in a sample of Egyptian patients with cCSVD.

Results
Thirty patients with cCSVD were recruited and underwent cognitive, gait, sphincter assessment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain, and blood sampling for whole exome sequencing. The mean age for the patients was 65.93 ± 8.8 with male patients representing 63.33% of the studied sample. The major risk factor was hypertension followed by diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and smoking. The main presenting symptom was cognitive impairment, found in 60% of the patients and the mean duration of symptoms was 2.1 ± 1.12 years. Two out of thirty patients were positive for a known pathogenic gene (NOTCH3 and COL4A1) despite the absence of family history in one representing 6.7% of the entire studied sample. Meanwhile, three patients had variant genes not previously linked to cCSVD.

Conclusions
Whole exome sequencing and genetic studying of patients with cCSVD is of utmost importance as the genetic load is underestimated in the Egyptian population.
Wildfire probability estimated from recent climate and fine fuels across the big sagebrush region
Authors: Holdrege Martin C. , Schlaepfer Daniel R. , Palmquist Kyle A. , Crist Michele , Doherty Kevin E. , Lauenroth William K. , Remington Thomas E. , Riley Karin , Short Karen C. , Tull John C. , Wiechman Lief A. , Bradford John B. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Wildfire is a major proximate cause of historical and ongoing losses of intact big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) plant communities and declines in sagebrush obligate wildlife species. In recent decades, fire return intervals have shortened and area burned has increased in some areas, and habitat degradation is occurring where post-fire re-establishment of sagebrush is hindered by invasive annual grasses. In coming decades, the changing climate may accelerate these wildfire and invasive feedbacks, although projecting future wildfire dynamics requires a better understanding of long-term wildfire drivers across the big sagebrush region. Here, we integrated wildfire observations with climate and vegetation data to derive a statistical model for the entire big sagebrush region that represents how annual wildfire probability is influenced by climate and fine fuel characteristics.

Results
Wildfire frequency varied significantly across the sagebrush region, and our statistical model represented much of that variation. Biomass of annual and perennial grasses and forbs, which we used as proxies for fine fuels, influenced wildfire probability. Wildfire probability was highest in areas with high annual forb and grass biomass, which is consistent with the well-documented phenomenon of increased wildfire following annual grass invasion. The effects of annuals on wildfire probability were strongest in places with dry summers. Wildfire probability varied with the biomass of perennial grasses and forbs and was highest at intermediate biomass levels. Climate, which varies substantially across the sagebrush region, was also predictive of wildfire probability, and predictions were highest in areas with a low proportion of precipitation received in summer, intermediate precipitation, and high temperature.

Conclusions
We developed a carefully validated model that contains relatively simple and biologically plausible relationships, with the goal of adequate performance under novel conditions so that useful projections of average annual wildfire probability can be made given general changes in conditions. Previous studies on the impacts of vegetation and climate on wildfire probability in sagebrush ecosystems have generally used more complex machine learning approaches and have usually been applicable to only portions of the sagebrush region. Therefore, our model complements existing work and forms an additional tool for understanding future wildfire and ecological dynamics across the sagebrush region.
Unique heterocyclic phenolic compounds from shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and beyond
Authors: Onodenalore Akhile Collins , Hossain Abul , Banoub Joseph , Shahidi Fereidoon 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShrimps are the most consumed species among crustaceans and are well appreciated for their flavor and high nutritional value. This work investigated the antioxidative compounds of Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) and its processing discards (shells and heads) using various solvents and chromatographic techniques as well as mass spectrometry. Ethanol served as the best extraction medium, and the extracts obtained demonstrated strong antioxidant activity in a β-carotene-linoleate emulsion system. The antioxidative compounds of the extract were isolated using a silica gel column chromatography, followed by thin layer chromatography. This led to the identification of two highly polar and two low polarity compounds. These compounds, for the first time, were isolated and purified by using reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were tentatively elucidated using electrospray mass spectrometry. These unique compounds were heterocyclic phenolic compounds and identified as 7-(3-butenyl)-2-hydroxy-6-(1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-2-yl) quinoline and 7-(3-butenyl)-2-hydroxy-6-(1,2,5,6-tertahydropyridin-2-yl)-7,8-dihydroquinoline and their isomers. The proposed novel compounds in shrimp provide a reason for their oxidative stability and potential benefits, as well as possibly serving as substrates for the discoloration of shrimp.
Graphical Abstract
Cordycepin alleviates osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte ferroptosis via Keap1/Nrf2 axis
Authors: Li Jianlei , Lv Zuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent condition known to contribute to lower back pain and various spinal disorders. The progression of IVDD is closely associated with cell ferroptosis. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive hydrogel loaded with garlic extract for the inhibition of cell ferroptosis and the treatment of IVDD.

Results
The study encapsulated garlic extract within the hydrogel using physical entrapment and controlled the release of the extract through the ROS-responsive degradation of the hydrogel. Our findings revealed that the hydrogel effectively inhibited the ferroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells induced by hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the hydrogel, when loaded with garlic extract, notably downregulated the expression of pro- ferroptosis genes and upregulated the expression of anti- ferroptosis genes.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that the hydrogel loaded with garlic extract significantly mitigated IVDD. These results highlight the promising potential of ROS-responsive hydrogel loaded with garlic extract as a viable treatment option for addressing IVDD.