bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parasitic castration of Plutella xylostella larvae induced by polydnaviruses and venom of Cotesia vestalis and Diadegma semiclausum
Authors: Bai Su‐fen , Cai Dong‐zhang , Li Xin , Chen Xue‐xin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn the present study, we used γ‐ray to irradiate the female parasitoids to make wasp eggs infertile, resulting in pseudoparasitization, which allowed the analysis of maternal secretions such as polydnaviruses (PDVs) and venom in the absence of larval secretions or teratocytes by the growing parasitoids. We then investigated the spermatogenesis and components of testicular proteins of male Plutella xylostella larvae pseudoparasitized by two endoparasitoids (Cotesia vestalis and Diadegma semiclausum). The results showed that pseudoparasitism by the two endoparasitoids at the early third instar host larvae both induced smaller testes in size than those of nonparasitized host larvae. Both of them caused parasitic castration, and the degree of castration is almost as severe as in naturally parasitized hosts. This suggested that PDVs and venom played a major role in the degeneration of host testes. There are significant differences in the degree of castration induced by the two endoparasitoids, with respect to testicular growth, testicular protein concentrations, and histological changes of germ cells. Cotesia vestalis bracovirus always has a significantly stronger effect on host testicular growth and development than D. semiclausum ichnovirus. SDS‐PAGE analysis indicated that synthesis of P 65 and P 67 proteins were clearly inhibited in testes of hosts that were pseudoparasitized by C. vestalis while reduction in synthesis of other proteins was not evident. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differential activation of the lectin and antimicrobial peptide genes in Sarcophaga peregrina (the flesh fly)
Authors: Tanji Takahiro , Shiraishi Hirohisa , Natori Shunji , Ohashi‐Kobayashi Ayako 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSarcophaga lectin is an immune defense protein which is transcriptionally induced upon immune challenge in the flesh fly, Sarcophaga peregrina. So far, we have revealed that the Sarcophaga lectin gene has multiple NF‐κB ‐binding motifs in its promoter. Here we showed that the nuclear extracts from Sarcophaga‐derived culture cells, NIH‐Sape‐4, and larval fat bodies have binding activity to the multiple κB motifs in the lectin gene promoter, some of which were responsive to immune stimuli. We also compared the expression profiles of the lectin gene with those of the antibacterial peptide genes from the point of view of inducers, expression tissues and local induction in digestive tracts. In each case, the lectin gene was activated in different manners from other inducible defense genes. These results indicate the complex regulation of the lectin gene, possibly by NF‐κB ‐related transcription factors. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in hemocytes of Plutella xylostella after parasitism by Diadegma semiclausum
Authors: Huang Fang , Shi Min , Yang Yan‐yan , Li Jun‐ying , Chen Xue‐xin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe examined the changes of hemocytes in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), due to parasitism by the endoparasitoid Diadegma semiclausum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Necrosis of prohemocytes in different stages was observed while cell death was absent in the mature hemocytes in the parasitized larvae, which was related to the declined total hemocyte count per microliter (THC). THC in the host hemolymph declined sharply by 12 h post‐parasitization and then remained at a low level. When hemocytes of the parasitized larvae were cultured in vitro, encapsulation ability was suppressed coincidently with the inhibited spreading ability; however, such effects were transient. Simultaneously, activation of the prophenoloxidae from the hemocytes was inhibited. Unlike the results of previous studies, the decrease in hemocytes, which was due to the necrosis of the prohemocytes instead of the mature hemocytes in our study, was not responsible for the impaired encapsulation. Our studies suggest that parasitism by D. semiclausum have some effects on hematopoietic regulation and on hemocyte immune reaction of P. xylostella larvae. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How do UK climate scenarios compare with recent observations?
Authors: Dessai Suraje , Hulme Mike 
Published: October 2008

AbstractNational climate scenarios are increasingly being used in long‐term strategic planning and decision‐making, but their projections have rarely been compared with observations. Recent changes in seasonal Central England temperature (CET) and England and Wales precipitation are compared with the projections of four generations of UK climate scenarios. It is shown that from 1961–1990 to 1978–2007 CET has been warming faster than represented in most of the scenario projections, particularly in summer. For precipitation, the scenarios have correctly represented the sign of the observed change for most of the period, the greatest ambiguity occurring in summer. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Effects of superstitious beliefs on consumer novelty seeking and independent judgment making: Evidence from China
Authors: Hernandez Monica D. , Wang Yong Jian , Minor Michael S. , Liu Qian 
Published: October 2008

AbstractCultural content has been examined in consumer adoption of new products, whereas the relationship between enduring cultural beliefs and adoption remains unexplored. In this study, proactive superstitious behaviors (e.g., carrying a lucky charm) and passive superstitious beliefs (e.g., belief in fate) were empirically tested as antecedents of consumer novelty seeking (CNS) and consumer independent judgment making (CIJM). The results suggest that proactive superstitious beliefs positively influence CNS, whereas passive beliefs negatively influence CNS. Only passive superstitious beliefs positively influence CIJM. Results also suggest that previous superstition scales are incomplete and fail to reflect contemporary thinking about superstitious beliefs.Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the influence of product conspicuousness and social compliance on purchasing motives of young Chinese consumers for foreign brands
Authors: Zhou Lianxi , Wong Amy 
Published: October 2008

Abstract

Purchasing motives central to consumption experience are often overlooked in the international brand literature. This paper focuses on three primary purchasing motives – perceived prestige, perceived quality, and perceived value and explores their relative impact on purchase intentions for foreign brands among young Chinese consumers. Drawing on conspicuous consumption and normative influence theories in the consumer behavior, psychology, and sociology literature, several research hypotheses are developed and empirically tested with a number of foreign brands. The results demonstrate substantial variations in the purchasing motives across conspicuous versus inconspicuous products as well as among individuals with different levels of social compliance tendencies. The insights provided in this study can help international brand managers develop benefit‐based market segmentation and positioning strategies targeting young consumers in developing countries.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Severe heart failure in the setting of relatively mild mitral stenosis: The role of invasive hemodynamic assessment
Authors: Sorajja Paul , Borlaug Barry A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractFor patients with heart failure and relatively mild mitral stenosis, an exercise hemodynamic study should be considered. However, exercise intolerance is a common symptom in a variety of cardiac and noncardiac diseases, emphasizing the need for a thorough differential diagnosis in the planning and execution of these studies. This manuscript discusses two cases that illustrate the need for this comprehensive approach, the indications for balloon mitral valvuloplasty, and the recognition of diastolic dysfunction in these patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early and late outcomes in patients excluded from same‐day home discharge after transradial stenting and maximal antiplatelet therapy
Authors: Bertrand Olivier F. , Rodés‐Cabau Josep , Larose Éric , Proulx Guy , Gleeton Onil , Nguyen Can Manh , Nault Isabelle , Roy Louis , Poirier Paul , Costerousse Olivier , De Larochellière Robert 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackground: To develop a safe practice of same‐day discharge after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it is important to identify early the patients who need to remain hospitalized and potentially require more careful follow‐up. In the EASY trial, a large number of patients with acute coronary syndromes were enrolled prior to PCI to be randomized between same‐day discharge or overnight hospitalization. Based on a few angiographic criteria, suboptimal results, or clinical complications, some patients were excluded from randomization after PCI. Objectives: We report the early and late outcomes of those patients, and evaluate the use of simple criteria precluding same‐day discharge. Results: The rate of major adverse cardiac events including death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization in patients excluded from randomization (n = 343) was significantly higher at 30 days (10.2% vs. 1.6%), 6 months (17.5% vs. 5.6%), and 12 months (24.5% vs. 9%) compared with randomized patients (n = 1,005; P < 0.0001). At 12 months, only transient vessel closure (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10–2.65, P = 0.023) and a residual dissection ≥ grade B post‐PCI (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.11–2.05, P = 0.011) were independent predictive factors of adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Criteria associated with angiographic suboptimal results or clinical complications are useful to identify patients ineligible for same‐day discharge after PCI, regardless of the clinical presentation. Patients excluded from same‐day discharge after PCI for safety concerns have worse early and late outcomes. Transient vessel closure and persisting moderate dissection after PCI remain independent predictors of late adverse outcomes after PCI with maximal antiplatelet therapy. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of two transcatheter device strategies for occlusion of the patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Gudausky Todd M. , Hirsch Russel , Khoury Philip R. , Beekman Robert H. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectives: The present study evaluates two transcatheter closure strategies utilized at a single center and makes recommendations for device selection when occluding the patent ductus arteriosus. Background: A variety of devices are available for transcatheter closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) but no guidelines exist to guide operator device choice. Methods: A total of 132 patients underwent attempted transcatheter PDA closure utilizing one of two consecutive closure strategies between January 2000 and June 2005. Strategy A (n = 64; January 2000–May 2003) utilized Gianturco coils only. Strategy B (n = 68; June 2003–June 2005) utilized a single Gianturco coil for the PDA with a minimal diameter ≤1 mm (n = 28) or an Amplatzer Duct Occluder (ADO) if the PDA diameter exceeded 1 mm (n = 40). Success was defined as complete occlusion on a follow up echocardiogram. Results: 58 of 64 (90.6%) patients treated utilizing strategy A had successful coil implantation. 68 of 68 (100%) patients treated utilizing strategy B had successful coil/device implantation. At follow up echocardiography, 32 of 44 (72.7%) strategy A patients had complete ductal closure, as compared with 57 of 58 (98.3%) strategy B patients (P < 0.0001). Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified closure strategy as the most powerful predictor of procedural success (OR = 85.9; CI 5.6–9.99). Conclusions: A transcatheter PDA closure strategy consisting of a single Gianturco coil for PDA ≤ 1 mm or an ADO for larger sized PDA (strategy B) achieves superior outcomes compared to the use of coils alone. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Atrial septal interventions in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Holzer Ralf J. , Wood Amy , Chisolm Joanne L. , Hill Sharon L. , Phillips Alistair , Galantowicz Mark , Cheatham John P. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjectives: To report an institutional experience performing percutaneous atrial septal interventions in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Background: The success of the Hybrid approach in palliating patients with HLHS is crucially dependant on relieving any significant interatrial restriction. Data on transcatheter interventions to relieve atrial septal restrictions in patients with HLHS are limited. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 67 transcatheter atrial septal interventions that were performed between July 2002 and September 2007 in 56 patients with HLHS. The median weight was 3.35 kg. About 10.7% of patients had an intact atrial septum. Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) was used in 77.6% of procedures, additional techniques in 35.8% of procedures. Patients were divided into those with standard atrial septal anatomy (group A, n = 33) and those with complex atrial septal anatomy (group B, n = 23). Results: The mean trans‐septal gradient was reduced significantly from 7 mm Hg to 1 mm Hg with the median time to discharge being 3.5 days. Major adverse events were seen in 8.9% of procedures, whereas minor adverse events occurred in 26.8% of procedures. Adverse events were significantly less common in patients with standard atrial septal anatomy, compared to those with complex atrial septal anatomy (25.6% versus 50.0%). About 19.6% patients required repeated atrial septal interventions. Survival up to and including Comprehensive stage II palliation was 73% group A, and 57% in group B. Conclusions: With utilization of appropriate techniques and equipment, atrial septal interventions in HLHS can be performed successfully in virtually all patients. Complex atrial septal anatomy is technically challenging and has a higher incidence of procedural adverse events. In the majority of patients, standard BAS can be performed safely, and is usually the only intervention required to achieve adequate relief of atrial septal restriction until Comprehensive stage II palliation. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A randomized comparison of sirolimus‐eluting versus bare metal stents in the treatment of diabetic patients with native coronary artery lesions: The DECODE study
Authors: Chan Charles , Zambahari Robaayah , Kaul Upendra , Lau CP , Whitworth Hall , Cohen Sidney , Buchbinder Maurice 
Published: October 2008

AbstractObjective: To compare the effects of sirolimus‐eluting (SES) versus bare metal stents (BMS) on 6‐month in‐stent late luminal loss (LLL) and 1‐year major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in diabetics undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Background: In studies of unselected patients, coronary restenosis rates have been lower with SES than with BMS. Comparisons of SES versus BMS in diabetics with more than one stenosis or more than one vessel disease are few. Methods: This open‐label trial randomly assigned 200 diabetics with de novo coronary artery stenoses to receive up to three SES versus BMS in a 2:1 ratio. The patients underwent repeat coronary angiography at 6 months after the index procedure and were followed‐up for 1 year. The primary study endpoint was in‐stent LLL at 6 months. Results: Between August 2002 and May 2004, 83 patients (mean age = 60 years) with 128 lesions (mean = 1.5 per patient) were enrolled at four U.S. and seven Asian medical centers. Enrollment was terminated early by the Safety Monitoring Board because of a statistically significant difference in rates of clinical endpoints. The mean in‐stent LLL at 6 months was 0.23 mm in SES versus 1.10 mm in BMS recipients (P < 0.001). At 12 months, 8 patients (15%) assigned to SES had experienced MACE versus 12 patients (41%) assigned to BMS (P = 0.006). Conclusions: In diabetics, the mean 6‐month in‐stent LLL was significantly smaller, and 12‐month MACE rate significantly lower, after myocardial revascularization with SES than with BMS. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Percutaneous treatment of a popliteal bifurcation—The value of coronary devices and strategies
Authors: Colantonio Riccardo , Latib Azeem , Sangiorgi Giuseppe M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this case report, we describe the use of coronary techniques and devices in the treatment of a complex popliteal artery bifurcation. In particular, we demonstrate that the Venture™ wire control catheter is a useful tool not only in coronary lesions but also in wiring angulated peripheral lesions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopamine‐induced changes in renal blood flow in normals and in patients with renal dysfunction
Authors: Drieghe Benny , Manoharan Ganesh , Heyndrickx Guy R. , Madaric Juraj , Bartunek Jozef , Sarno Giovanna , Vanderheyden Marc , De Bruyne Bernard 
Published: October 2008

AbstractBackground: Despite their controversial effect, “renal” doses of dopamine (3–5 μg · kg−1 · min−1) are often used in intensive care units to preserve renal function and to improve final outcome. Aim: To assess the effects of different doses of dopamine on renal blood flow in patients with normal renal function and in patients with renal dysfunction. Methods and Results: In 17 patients with normal renal function and in 12 patients with moderate renal dysfunction, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and average peak renal flow velocities (FlowWire APV) were continuously recorded at baseline and during IV administration of increasing dopamine doses (3, 5, 10, 20, and 30 μg · kg−1 · min−1). MAP and HR did not change during infusion of 3–5 μg · kg−1 · min−1 but increased to the same extent in both groups during infusion of >10 μg · kg−1 · min−1. Baseline APV was similar in both groups. Infusion of 3–5 μg · kg−1 · min−1 induced a significant change in APV only in patients with normal renal function. In patients with renal dysfunction, APV increased only during infusion of >10 μg · kg−1 · min−1 in parallel with MAP and HR. Conclusion: “Renal” doses of dopamine increase renal blood flow in normals but not in patients with moderate renal dysfunction. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Regulation between NaH(ZnPO4)2 and α‐Hopeite via a Solid State Reaction at Low‐heating Temperatures
Authors: LIAO Sen , TIAN Xiao‐Zhen , WU Wen‐Wei , CHEN Xia , WANG Tian‐Shun , LI Jiang‐Tao 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA simple and novel route for the synthesis of layered sodium hydrogen zinc phosphate, NaH(ZnPO4)2, was studied, and the target product was obtained with Na2HPO4·12H2O and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O as raw materials and polyethylene glycol‐400 as a surfactant via a one step solid state reaction at 60 °C. The product was characterized with XRD, TG/DTG and FTIR. The experimental results showed that the NaH(ZnPO4)2 had only one major step of weight loss for dehydration of HPO42− into P2O74− ions at around 500 °C, so it had enough thermal stability to use as heterogeneous catalyzer for organic reactions. The comparison experimental results suggested that aging temperature control the products of the synthesis, that is, the NaH(ZnPO4)2 was formed when the reaction mixture was aged at 60 °C, and the α‐Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O was obtained when the reaction mixture was aged at room temperature.
Characteristics of the binary faceted eutectic: benzoic acid – salicylic acid system
Authors: Sharma B. L. , Tandon S. , Gupta S. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe consistent symmetry relations computed from the heterogeneous nucleation data of the non‐ideal benzoic acid – salicylic acid eutectic system verifies the validity of nucleation theory. The kinetics of crystal growth from the molten state of the system follows the dislocation mechanism. Anomalous behaviour of both viscosity and activation energy for the eutectic melt confirms the essence of specific interactions animating molecular clusters rich in predominating eutectic phase. Micromorphology of the system obeys the Hunt‐Jackson model. The plot between a mechanical property and variable anisotropic growth velocity for the eutectic composite evidentially complies with the Weibull probability distribution curve. The curve is perused with two cut‐off points corresponding to a lower strength limit in the slow and fast growth regions and an upper strength limit in the moderate growth region. The latter aspect reveals the theoretical strength of the eutectic crystallites. The strength‐growth relationship explicated thereby is linear, optimum and linear respectively in the slow, moderate and fast growth regions of solidification. The moderate anisotropic growth (∼2.96 X 10‐7m3s‐1) is of greater interest by virtue of its attribute to unifying and organizing the crystallites parallel to each other in the growth direction. The eutectic composite material obtained by this process attains remarkable superiority in the mechanical properties over its isotropic growth in an ice bath (∼273 K), and its constituent phases. The co‐relation between excess thermodynamic functions indeed predicting the liquidus character and the microstructural parameters inevitably structuring the morphology is presented. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Raman scattering study on Ga1–xMnxAs prepared by Mn ions implantation, deposition and post‐annealing
Authors: Islam M. R. , Chen N. F. , Yamada M. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractRaman scattering measurements have been performed in Ga1–xMnxAs crystals prepared by Mn ions implantation, deposition, and post‐annealing. The Raman spectrum measured from the implanted surface of the sample shows some weak phonon modes in addition to GaAs‐like phonon modes, where the GaAs‐like LO and TO phonons are found to be shifted by approximately 4 and 2 cm‐1, respectively, in the lower frequency direction compared to those observed from the unimplanted surface of the sample. The weak vibrational modes observed are assigned to hausmannite Mn3O4like. The coupled LO‐phonon plasmon mode (CLOPM), and defects and As related vibrational modes caused by Mn ions implantation, deposition, and post‐annealing are also observed. The compositional dependence of GaAs‐like LO phonon frequency is developed for strained and unstrained conditions and then using the observed LOGaAspeak, the Mn composition is evaluated to be 0.034. Furthermore, by analyzing the intensity of CLOPM and unscreened LOGaAsphonon mode, the hole density is evaluated to be 1.84×1018cm‐3. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth and characterization of pure and Hg2+ doped thiosemicarbazide cadmium chloride crystals
Authors: Linet J. Mary , Dinakaran S. , Priya S. Mary Navis , Das S. Jerome 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSemiorganic single crystals of thiosemicarbazide cadmium chloride (TSCCC) and mercury ions doped thiosemicarbazide cadmium chloride were synthesized by slow solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystals were subjected to powder X‐ray analysis and both the crystals were found to crystallize in the monoclinic system. EDAX analysis was carried out for chemical analysis of the grown crystals. The UV‐Vis‐NIR spectrum shows that both the materials have wide transparency window in the visible and near IR region. The dielectric studies were carried out to estimate the dielectric constant and dielectric loss with respect to frequency for both the crystals. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)