bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High energy excimer laser to treat coronary in‐stent restenosis in an underexpanded stent
Authors: Noble Stéphane , Bilodeau Luc 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBalloon refractory calcific coronary plaques remain a technical challenge. Stent underexpansion is known as a major cause of restenosis and thrombosis. We report a case of in‐stent restenosis 5 months after stent suboptimal implantation in a noncompliant calcific atherosclerotic plaque which could not be disrupted by repeated prolonged high‐pressure balloon inflations. High‐energy excimer laser use altered underlying lesion morphology, allowing full stent apposition. Advances in equipment and technique have allowed more frequent use of high energy excimer laser technology during percutaneous coronary angioplasty with very low rates of complications. Laser technology represents a useful tool to overcome resistant lesions during percutaneous coronary interventions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent advances in hemodynamics
Authors: Cavendish Jeffrey J. , Carter Luther I. , Tsimikas Sotirios 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe use of the pressure sensor coronary guidewire is expanding into the peripheral circulation as well as into the realm of valvular heart disease. Small mechanistic studies and case reports have described the use of pressure wire technology in the renal and femoral arteries as well as in mechanical aortic valves. The use of this technology to measure hemodynamically significant stenoses in noncoronary locations will be discussed and a review of basic and more advanced hemodynamics in relation to problems encountered in clinical practice will be provided. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct Formation of Element Chlorides from the Corresponding Element Oxides through Microwave‐Assisted Carbohydrochlorination Reactions
Authors: Nordschild Simon , Auner Norbert 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA series of technically and economically important element chlorides—such as SiCl4, BCl3, AlCl3, FeCl2, PCl3 and TiCl4—was synthesized through reactions between hydrogen chloride and the corresponding element oxides in the presence of different carbon sources with microwave assistance. This process route was optimized for demonstration purposes for tetrachlorosilane formation and successfully demonstrates the broad applicability of various silicon oxide‐containing minerals and materials for carbohydrochlorination. The chlorination reaction occurs at lower temperatures than with conventional heating in a tubular oven, with substantially shorter reaction times and in better yields: quantitatively in the case of tetrachlorosilane, based on the silicon content of the starting material. The experimental procedure is very simple and provides basic information about the suitability of element compounds, especially element oxides, for carbohydrochlorination. According to the general reaction sequence element oxide→element→element chloride used in today's technology, this one‐step carbohydrochlorination with hydrogen chloride is considerably more efficient, particularly in terms of energy input and reaction times, avoiding the isolation of the pure elements required for chlorination to give the element chlorides with use of the more corrosive and toxic chlorine gas.
Review of peripheral neuropathy in plasma cell disorders
Authors: Silberman Jeannine , Lonial Sagar 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy (PN) occurs frequently in patients with plasma cell disorders, a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from the unregulated production of monoclonal proteins. This occurs both due to the dysproteinemia itself and as a consequence of the therapies used to treat the underlying plasma cell disorder. This comprehensive review of PN associated with plasma cell disorders will address both disease and therapy related PN, its pathogenesis and management with particular attention to multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) and amyloidosis. An understanding of this topic is critical for health care providers treating patients with plasma cell disorders due to the high frequency with which it occurs, the implications it has on selecting therapies for the underlying disorder and to best guide management of the neuropathy itself. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saturated fat intake predicts biochemical failure after prostatectomy
Authors: Strom Sara S. , Yamamura Yuko , Forman Michele R. , Pettaway Curtis A. , Barrera Stephanie L. , DiGiovanni John 
Published: March 2008

AbstractPrevious reports show that obesity predicts biochemical failure after treatment for localized prostate cancer. Since obesity is associated with increased fat consumption, we investigated the role that dietary fat intake plays in modulating obesity‐related risk of biochemical failure. We evaluated the association between saturated fat intake and biochemical failure among 390 men from a previously described prostatectomy cohort. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire collecting nutrient information for the year prior to diagnosis. Because fat and energy intake are highly correlated, the residual method was used to adjust fat (total and saturated) intakes for energy. Biochemical‐failure‐free‐survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Crude and adjusted effects were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. During a mean follow‐up of 70.6 months, 78 men experienced biochemical failure. Men who consumed high‐ saturated fat (HSF) diets were more likely to experience biochemical failure (p = 0.006) and had significantly shorter biochemical‐failure‐free‐survival than men with low saturated fat (LSF) diets (26.6 vs. 44.7 months, respectively, p = 0.002). After adjusting for obesity and clinical variables, HSF‐diet patients were almost twice as likely to experience biochemical failure (hazard ratio = 1.95, p = 0.008) compared to LSF diet patients. Men who were both obese and consumed HSF diets had the shortest biochemical‐failure‐free‐survival (19 months), and nonobese men who consumed LSF diets had the longest biochemical‐failure‐free‐survival (46 months, p < 0.001). Understanding the interplay between modifiable factors, such as diet and obesity, and disease characteristics may lead to the development of behavioral and/or targeted interventions for patients at increased risk of progression. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perinatal factors and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Cook Michael B. , Graubard Barry I. , Rubertone Mark V. , Erickson Ralph L. , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumors (TGCT) are the most common cancer among young men in the United States and Western Europe. Prior evidence suggests that TGCT may arise in perinatal life, although few risk factors have yet been identified. To study the etiology of TGCT, the US Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants (STEED) case‐control study enrolled participants and their mothers between 2002 and 2005. Five hundred twenty‐seven mothers of cases and 561 mothers of controls provided information on perinatal variables. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) associated with the candidate risk factors. Analyses were conducted for all TGCT together and for each histologic subgroup (seminoma and nonseminoma) separately. Young maternal age (<20 vs. 20–29 years, OR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.09–2.10), young paternal age (<25 vs. 25–29 years, OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.08–1.94), maternal parity (3 vs. 1, OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.44–0.90) and breech birth (OR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.03–3.56) were associated with risk of TGCT. For seminoma, young maternal age (<20 vs. 20–29 years, OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.10–2.54), young paternal age (<25 vs. 25–29 years, OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.03–2.27), maternal parity (3 vs. 1, OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.35–0.96) and low birth weight (<2,500 g vs. 2,500–4,000 g, OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.00–3.30) were risk factors. Nonseminoma was associated with breech birth (OR = 2.44, 95%CI: 1.25–4.78) and Cesarean section (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.25–3.54). These results support the hypothesis that TGCT may originate in very early life. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone marrow stromal cells enhance prostate cancer cell invasion through type I collagen in an MMP‐12 dependent manner
Authors: Nabha Sanaa M. , dos Santos Emanuel Burck , Yamamoto Hamilto A. , Belizi Abdelfettah , Dong Zhong , Meng Hong , Saliganan Allen , Sabbota Aaron , Bonfil R. Daniel , Cher Michael L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAt the cellular level, the process of bone metastasis involves many steps. Circulating cancer cells enter the marrow, proliferate, induce neovascularization, and ultimately expand into a clinically detectable, often symptomatic, metastatic deposit. Although the initial establishment and later expansion of the metastatic deposit in bone require tumor cells to possess invasive capability, the exact proteases responsible for this phenotype are not well known. The objective of our study was to take an unbiased approach to determine which proteases were expressed and functional during the initial interactions between prostate cancer cells and bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells. We found that the combination of human prostate cancer PC3 and BMS cells stimulates the invasive ability of cancer cells through type I collagen. The use of inhibitors for each of the major protease families indicated that 1 or more MMPs was/were responsible for the BMS‐induced invasion. Gene profiling and semiquantitative RT‐PCR analysis revealed an increased expression of several MMP genes because of PC3/BMS cell interaction. However, only MMP‐12 showed an increase in protein expression. Downregulation of MMP‐12 expression in PC3 cells by siRNA inhibited the enhanced invasion induced by PC3/BMS cell interaction. In vivo, MMP‐12 was found to be primarily expressed by prostate cancer cells growing in bone. Our data suggest that BMS cells induce MMP‐12 expression in prostate cancer cells, which results in invasive cells capable of degradation of type I collagen. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Water content determination in mineral and organic porous media by ML2 theta probe
Authors: Kargas G. , Kerkides P. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEvaluation of the ML2 theta probe was performed in a variety of porous media such as mineral soils, peat and composts, combinations of composts, peat and perlite in various volume percentages. This was performed in laboratory columns under temperature‐controlled conditions. A number of previous calibration curves referring to the same principle of soil moisture determination, via the determination of the soil dielectric constant, were comparatively examined together with the calibration curve proposed by the manufacturer. A specific calibration in accord with the manufacturer's linear $\sqrt \varepsilon - \Theta $ curve (where ε denotes the soil dielectric constant and Θ the volumetric water content) was followed. It was shown that for the mineral soils the manufacturer's calibration curve in all cases, except sands, kaolin and perlite, appeared to exhibit an overestimation. The most reliable results were obtained by the present soil‐specific calibration curve. For the organic porous media again, the specific calibration curve was the most reliable. The manufacturer's calibration curve was shown to deviate from the prescribed limits of Θ in many cases. More specifically, it was shown that both overestimations and underestimations could be obtained for the composts, whereas a clear underestimation was observed in the mixtures. Other calibration equations examined appear to give better or worse results compared with those of the manufacturer, always depending on the nature of the porous materials. Soil‐specific calibration is necessary and improves the results in most cases. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Restructuring mood in cyclothymia using cognitive behavior therapy: an intensive time‐sampling study
Authors: Totterdell Peter , Kellett Stephen 
Published: March 2008

AbstractHypotheses predicting how cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) would change the daily pattern of mood and sleep in a patient with cyclothymia were formulated based on circadian processes. Using a prospective single‐case experimental design, the patient provided mood ratings every 4 hours and sleep reports daily for 49 weeks, including a 4‐week baseline, a 20‐session CBT intervention, and a follow‐up period. Improvements in mood during and after therapy were accounted for by reduced daily mood variability and extended sleep. The patient's energy at different times of day was explained by adjusting the endogenous rhythm in a mathematical circadian model. Treatment of cyclothymia and related bipolar disorders may be enhanced by integrating understanding of circadian mood regulation into CBT treatment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1–18, 2008.
Delivery of noncarrier naked DNA vaccine into the skin by supersonic flow induces a polarized T helper type 1 immune response to cancer
Authors: Lin Chi‐Chen , Yen Meng‐Chi , Lin Chiu‐Mei , Huang Shih‐Shien , Yang Huei‐Jiun , Chow Nan‐Haw , Lai Ming‐Derg 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBackgroundDNA vaccine is a new and powerful approach to generate immunological responses against infectious disease and cancer. The T helper type (Th)1 immune response is usually required for generating effective anti‐tumor responses. A microparticulate bombardment system can induce an immune response using very low amounts of DNA. Using nozzle aerodynamics, a low pressure gene gun has been developed to decrease the noise associated with high pressure gene guns. Particles are propelled by supersonic flow through this novel nozzle. To test whether this gun could inoculate a DNA vaccine that stimulates an anti‐tumor Th1 immune response, we examined the effect of direct delivery of naked DNA (i.e. without any carrier) on the anti‐tumor immune response of mice.MethodsThe luciferase reporter plasmid DNA was delivered using a low‐pressure biolistic device and expressed in C3H/HeN, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice.ResultsPlasmid DNA expression was mainly in the epidermis. Noncarrier naked neu DNA vaccine and gold particle‐coated neu DNA vaccine (at 1 µg per mouse) had similar anti‐tumor effects in C3H mice. However, cytokine profile examination showed the Th1‐bias of the response induced by naked DNA vaccine and the Th2‐bias of the response induced by coated DNA vaccine.ConclusionsA shift in the immune response to favour enhanced tumor rejection can be achieved by skin delivery of naked DNA vaccine. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the editing distance of graphs
Authors: Axenovich Maria , Kézdy André , Martin Ryan 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAn edge‐operation on a graph G is defined to be either the deletion of an existing edge or the addition of a nonexisting edge. Given a family of graphs $\cal G$, the editing distance from G to $\cal G$ is the smallest number of edge‐operations needed to modify G into a graph from $\cal G$. In this article, we fix a graph H and consider Forb(n, H), the set of all graphs on n vertices that have no induced copy of H. We provide bounds for the maximum over all n‐vertex graphs G of the editing distance from G to Forb(n, H), using an invariant we call the binary chromatic number of the graph H. We give asymptotically tight bounds for that distance when H is self‐complementary and exact results for several small graphs H. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 58:123–138, 2008
Metabolite identification of arbidol in human urine by the study of CID fragmentation pathways using HPLC coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Yuya , Chen Xiaoyan , Li Qiang , Zhong Dafang 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe metabolism of arbidol in humans was studied using liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization (ESI) ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) after an oral dose of 300‐mg arbidol. A total of 17 metabolites were identified including the glucuronide arbidol and the glucuronide sulfinylarbidol as the major metabolites.Arbidol and its metabolites have some common fragmentation patterns as a result of a homolytic bond cleavage. This cleavage will form odd‐electron ions with the loss of a radical. The arbidol fragmentation sequence is first to lose dimethylamine (45 Da), followed by the loss of acetaldehyde (44 Da), and then the phenylthio radical (109 Da). This fragmentation sequence is also observed from N‐demethylarbidol, sulfonylarbidol, and N‐demethylsulfonylarbidol. However, for sulfinylarbidol and N‐demethylsulfinylarbidol, the fragmentation sequence is reversed so that the phenylsulfiny radical (125 Da) was lost first, followed by the loss of dimethylamine (45 Da), and then acetaldehyde (44 Da). The exact masses for arbidol and sulfinylarbidol fragment ions were determined by a quadrupole/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (Q‐TOF MS).The phase II metabolites, such as sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of arbidol, N‐demethylarbidol, sulfonylarbidol, and N‐demethylsulfonylarbidol were identified by observing the neutral loss of 80 Da (SO3) or 176 Da (glucuronic acid) from the MS2 spectra. The sulfate and glucuronide conjugates such as sulfinylarbidol and N‐demethylsulfinylarbidol had an unusual fragmentation pattern, in which the phenylsulfinyl radical (125 Da) was lost before the loss of SO3 group (80 Da) or glucuronic acid (176 Da) occurred. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of low‐temperature potato storage and washing and soaking pre‐treatments on the acrylamide content of French fries
Authors: Burch Rachel S , Trzesicka Agnieszka , Clarke Matthew , Elmore J Stephen , Briddon Adrian , Matthews Wendy , Webber Nina 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Since the discovery in 2002 of acrylamide in a wide range of foods, there has been much work done to explore mechanisms of formation and to reduce acrylamide in commercial products. This study aimed to investigate simple measures which could be used to reduce acrylamide formation in home‐cooked French fries, using potatoes from three cultivars stored under controlled conditions and sampled at three time points.RESULTS: The reducing sugar content for all three cultivars increased during storage, which led to increased acrylamide levels in the French fries. Washing and soaking (30 min or 2 h) raw French fries before cooking led to reductions in acrylamide of up to 23, 38 and 48% respectively. Pre‐treated fries were lighter in colour after cooking than the corresponding controls.CONCLUSION: Pre‐treatments such as soaking or washing raw French fries in water reduce acrylamide and colour formation in the final product when cooking is stopped at a texture‐determined endpoint. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
COMT polymorphisms affecting protein expression are risk factors for endometrial cancer
Authors: Hirata Hiroshi , Hinoda Yuji , Okayama Naoko , Suehiro Yutaka , Kawamoto Ken , Kikuno Nobuyuki , Rabban Joseph T. , Chen Lee‐May , Dahiya Rajvir 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn estrogen metabolic pathways, the COMT enzyme is related to detoxification. COMT gene polymorphisms have been shown to effect enzyme function. We hypothesized that these polymorphisms may be risk factors for endometrial cancer (EC). DNA samples from 150 cases of EC and healthy controls (n = 165) were analyzed by PCR‐RFLP to determine the genotypic frequency of four different polymorphic loci on COMT [codon 62 (rs4633), 102 (rs5031015), 136 (rs4818), 158 (rs4680)]. Genotyping was confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. We also conducted haplotype analysis of COMT and investigated the relationship between COMT expression and COMT SNPs in EC tissues by immunohistochemistry. A significant increase in the T/T genotype of codon 62 (C/T) was observed in patients compared to controls (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.31–4.37, P = 0.004). The frequency of the C–G haplotype of codon 62 C/T and codon 158 G/A was significantly higher in controls (P < 0.0001) than in patients. The expression level of COMT protein in EC tissues was significantly lower in COMT codon 62 variant TT and codon 158 variant AA genotype carriers. Therefore, the EC samples with polymorphic variants of COMT lead to lower expression of COMT protein whereas EC samples with wild‐type codon 62 C/C and codon 158 G/G have higher expression of COMT protein. This is the first study demonstrating that polymorphisms in COMT codon 62 and codon 158 altered protein expression levels in EC, suggesting that they may be risk factors for EC in Caucasians. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cis‐acting elements (E‐box and NBE) in the promoter region of three maternal genes (Histone H1oo, Nucleoplasmin 2, and Zygote Arrest 1) are required for oocyte‐specific gene expression in the mouse
Authors: Tsunemoto Kazunobu , Anzai Masayuki , Matsuoka Toshiki , Tokoro Mikiko , Shin Seung‐Wook , Amano Tomoko , Mitani Tasuku , Kato Hiromi , Hosoi Yoshihiko , Saeki Kazuhiro , Iritani Akira , Matsumoto Kazuya 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe examined the promoter activities of three mouse maternal genes (H1oo, Npm2, and Zar1) in oocytes and pre‐implantation embryos, and examined the promoters for cis‐acting elements of 5′‐flanking region to obtain the best promoter for inducing oocyte‐specific gene expression. For the assay, we injected firefly luciferase gene constructs under the control of the promoters into the oocytes and embryos. Each promoter region showed transcriptional activity in oocytes, but not in fertilized embryos. Deletion analysis showed that a putative E‐box region at position −72 of the H1oo promoter and at the −180 of the Npm2 promoter were required for basal transcriptional activity in oocytes. Moreover, a putative NBE motif (NOBOX DNA binding elements) (−1796) was shown to enhance basal transcriptional activity of the Npm2 promoter. Thus, the E‐box and/or NBE may be key regulatory regions for the expression of the examined maternal genes (H1oo and Npm2) in growing mouse oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1104–1108, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.