bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Back to basics: A‐literacy, the Boolean gene, convergence and the long tail
Authors: Law Derek G. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeBased on a paper given at the Fiesole Retreat held in Lund in July 2006. This article seeks to explore issues on the future relevance of libraries in a world dominated by the web and how far “off‐web” resources will have any relevance to users.Design/methodology/approachThe article combines narrative and analysis.FindingsLibraries are slow to respond to external competitors and cultural changes, but their own practices paradoxically leave them well equipped to make such responses.Originality/valueChallenges libraries to build on existing experience and skills in the Web 2.0 world.
Scholarly communities, e‐research literacy and the academic librarian
Authors: Genoni Paul , Merrick Helen , Willson Michele A. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe paper aims to explore the way in which the internet and e‐research are changing the nature of scholarly communities and the relationship between researchers and libraries; and to suggest how librarians can become more engaged with the e‐research process.Design/methodology/approachA survey and focus groups investigating internet use by academic staff and research students at Curtin University (Western Australia) for e‐research and scholarly communication purposes. The survey questioned respondents on their formal and informal scholarly communication practices and the extent to which these have changed due to internet access. Further questions explored the extent to which respondents' use of the library had been impacted by internet access to services.FindingsThe survey and focus groups indicate that research users are positive regarding the usefulness of the internet for research purposes and for expanding their scholarly community, but their attitudes are also marked by ambivalence. In particular they report that the internet may not replace the need for some more traditional forms of scholarly communication. Respondents report making less personal use of the library, but greater use of library services.Originality/valueThe paper concludes with observations about changes to scholarly communities and the opportunity offered for academic librarians to develop the concept of e‐research literacy as a means of enhancing their engagement with scholarly communities.
Online journals: their impact on document delivery
Authors: Echeverria Mercedes , Barredo Pilar 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo examine some of the ways in which electronic resources have made an impact on traditional interlending practices and how some user‐practices have begun to change.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses both quantitative and qualitative data. The qualitative data were gathered through a questionnaire about the impact of electronic resources and the use of ILL. Comparisons of change were made with document suppliers.FindingsThe electronic full‐text is as yet unable to fully meet the needs of the researchers. Until full‐text can approximate what is available in print both in journals and in monographs, the need for document delivery services will remain.Originality/valueAn insight into the state of e‐journal penetration and its impact on document delivery in Spain – a country where few studies have been carried out in this area.
Report of the 21st International Learned Journals Seminar, held at The Royal College of Nursing, London, April 2 2005
Authors: McGrath Mike 
Published: January 2007

PurposeSeeks to provide a review of the 21st International Learned Journals Seminar, held at The Royal College of Nursing, London, April 2 2005.Design/methodology/approachSeminar report.FindingsOverall, an excellent and thought‐provoking seminar for the well over 100 information professionals present.Originality/valueHighlights some of the outstanding issues and challenges for the future facing librarians in a digital age.
The open access movement in China
Authors: Fang Conghui , Zhu Xiaochun 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe the current status of open access (OA) in China, including problems and possible solutions and to introduce the role of the academic library in OA.Design/methodology/approachThis research paper analyzes several successful OA projects with a focus on the user requirements and the role of the academic library. The paper also analyzes the current status of OA in three areas. First, publishers. The paper will introduce some Chinese OA websites in detail, and point out the problems facing Chinese OA. Second, OA users (both writers and readers) requirements will be investigated. Third, the role of libraries will be analyzed.FindingsThe libraries goal of sharing resources is similar to that of the OA movement. The paper will recommend some Chinese OA resources set up by libraries. The paper will also describe OA promotion by China libraries. Some suggestions for the way forward are also described.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper will analyze OA development and problems in China from a librarian perspective. The paper does not have a deep understanding of the publishing business. Most of the best Chinese academic papers are published in foreign commercial academic journals, which costs Chinese writers their intellectual property rights since their rights of communication through the internet is then owned by foreign publishers. As a result, most products based on public investment in China become a foreign publisher's exclusive property, earning exclusive profit for them rather than for China. This situation exists not only in China, but also in other developing countries. This “problem” is worth researching.Practical implicationsA comprehensive introduction to the current state of OA in China will be useful to those who are unfamiliar with, or seek deeper knowledge of, the Chinese situation. The constructive suggestions to be offered should be useful to Chinese administrators, OA publishers and librarians.Originality/valueThis may be the first research paper describing the status of OA in China in summary and in detail, with an analysis of the problems in OA development and offering recommendations.
Interloan services in New Zealand: what do the research results reveal?
Authors: Reid David 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper is based on Interlibrary Loan Services in New Zealand: An Environmental Scan and National Survey, a research report produced by the School of Information Management at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. The paper aims to summarise these recent research findings that identify trends in interloan in New Zealand. Additional information is offered to confirm trends or as evidence of divergence from the research results.Design/methodology/approachThis article measures the current state of interloan and considers how it may develop in the future.FindingsThe paper concentrates on five major themes. They are: a state of change; user‐initiated interloans; satisfaction levels; co‐operative resource sharing; and the advantages of the New Zealand model of interloan.Research limitations/implicationsThe research report is a beginning. Ongoing data gathering is underway to help identify interloan trends and determine future service directions.Practical implicationsThe traditional model of interloan is changing and affected by several factors. Its ongoing health is underpinned by three significant characteristics: a national interloan system (Te Puna Interloan), a strong National Bibliographic Database and National Union Catalogue, and the key role of the National Library of New Zealand.Originality/valueThe research report provides a building block for an ongoing longitudinal study of interloan in New Zealand, plus a base for ongoing discussion and debate.
SUNCAT rising: UK serials union catalogue to assist document access
Authors: Burnhill Peter , Law Derek 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article it to investigate the design, and to implement the set‐up of the national union catalogue for those serials which can be accessed at the research libraries of the UK, the aim being to: enable researchers to locate serials held; to assist upgrade of library OPACs; and to provide a component within the UK digital library.Design/methodology/approachThis article builds upon the RSLP‐funded and JISC‐funded scoping and feasibility studies. It makes best use of extant data in OPACs on serials holdings information, by a mixture of collaborative action by contributing libraries, ISSN‐IC and CONSER; and makes best use of extant software (Aleph 500) and national data services (EDINA).FindingsToday, knowing who has which journals online has become as important as knowing who has which journals on‐shelf. Knowledge of both is critical for a researcher in her quest to discover, locate and access that key article. Knowledge of both is also critical for the library profession, as help staff and as curators of quality bibliographic records for serials in their OPACs. SUNCAT has over four million records, describing the “print and electronic holdings” of over 20 of the largest UK libraries – thought to cover 90 per cent or more of the journal titles held across the UK as a whole. The extension of coverage to up to a further 50 research libraries is in progress. So too is development activity to meet the challenge of the digital, investigating how SUNCAT can offer an important link in the access/supply chain, as the focus shifts from document supply to document access.Originality/valueThis article is of significance to researchers and librarians in the UK; there is wider significance for the international serials community.
Prediction of the formation of backdraft in a compartment based on large eddy simulation
Authors: Weng W.G. , Fan W.C. , Hasemi Y. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo investigate the fluid structure of gravity current in backdraft consisted of the hot gas and the ambient air, to predict the ignition time for backdraft and to study the effect of opening geometries on the ignition time.Design/methodology/approachNumerical models based on large eddy simulation in fire dynamics simulator are adopted to study the ignition time.FindingsThe density (temperature) profiles and velocity fields from the numerical simulation show the typical fluid structure of gravity current, i.e. the slightly raised head, the billows formed behind the head and the lobes and clefts at the leading edge. The increased mixing of gravity current by the ceiling opening geometries comparing to the mixing by the end opening geometries is a result of the three‐dimensional flow. The non‐dimensional velocity presented here is independent of the different normalized density differences, and only depends on the different opening geometries. From this result, it is feasible to predict the ignition time for backdraft in a compartment.Originality/valueThis paper provides a method for predicting the ignition time for backdraft, and offers helps for people, especially firefighters, avoid the hazard from backdraft.
Unstructured triangular surface grid generation and intrinsic grid analysis using rational triangular patches
Authors: Sharma R. , Sha O.P. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo focus on grid generation which is an essential part of any analytical tool for effective discretization.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores the application of the possibility of unstructured triangular grid generation that deals with derivationally continuous, smooth, and fair triangular elements using piecewise polynomial parametric surfaces which interpolate prescribed R3 scattered data using spaces of parametric splines defined on R2 triangulations in the case of surfaces in engineering sciences. The method is based upon minimizing a physics‐based certain natural energy expression over the parametric surface. The geometry is defined as a set of stitched triangles prior to the grid generation. As for derivational continuities between the two triangular patches C0 and C1 continuity or both, as per the requirements, has been imposed. With the addition of a penalty term, C2 (approximate) continuity can also be achieved. Since, in this work physics‐based approach has been used, the grid is analyzed using intersection curves with three‐dimensional planes, and intrinsic geometric properties (i.e. directional derivatives), for derivational continuity and smoothness.FindingsThe triangular grid generation that deals with derivationally continuous, smooth, and fair triangular elements has been implemented in this paper for surfaces in engineering sciences.Practical implicationsThis paper deals with the important problem of grid generation which is an essential part of any analytical tool for effective discretization. And, the examples to demonstrate the theoretical model of this paper have been chosen from different branches of engineering sciences. Hence, the results of this paper are of practical importance for grid generation in engineering sciences.Originality/valueThe paper is theoretical with worked examples chosen from engineering sciences.
Estimation of degraded composite laminate properties using acoustic wave propagation model and a reduction‐prediction network
Authors: Roy Mahapatra D. , Suresh S. , Omkar S.N. , Gopalakrishnan S. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo develop a new method for estimation of damage configuration in composite laminate structure using acoustic wave propagation signal and a reduction‐prediction neural network to deal with high dimensional spectral data.Design/methodology/approachA reduction‐prediction network, which is a combination of an independent component analysis (ICA) and a multi‐layer perceptron (MLP) neural network, is proposed to quantify the damage state related to transverse matrix cracking in composite laminates using acoustic wave propagation model. Given the Fourier spectral response of the damaged structure under frequency band‐selective excitation, the problem is posed as a parameter estimation problem. The parameters are the stiffness degradation factors, location and approximate size of the stiffness‐degraded zone. A micro‐mechanics model based on damage evolution criteria is incorporated in a spectral finite element model (SFEM) for beam type structure to study the effect of transverse matrix crack density on the acoustic wave response. Spectral data generated by using this model is used in training and testing the network. The ICA network called as the reduction network, reduces the dimensionality of the broad‐band spectral data for training and testing and sends its output as input to the MLP network. The MLP network, in turn, predicts the damage parameters.FindingsNumerical demonstration shows that the developed network can efficiently handle high dimensional spectral data and estimate the damage state, damage location and size accurately.Research limitations/implicationsOnly numerical validation based on a damage model is reported in absence of experimental data. Uncertainties during actual online health monitoring may produce errors in the network output. Fault‐tolerance issues are not attempted. The method needs to be tested using measured spectral data using multiple sensors and wide variety of damages.Practical implicationsThe developed network and estimation methodology can be employed in practical structural monitoring system, such as for monitoring critical composite structure components in aircrafts, spacecrafts and marine vehicles.Originality/valueA new method is reported in the paper, which employs the previous works of the authors on SFEM and neural network. The paper addresses the important problem of high data dimensionality, which is of significant importance from practical engineering application viewpoint.
A discrete particle model and numerical modeling of the failure modes of granular materials
Authors: Li Xikui , Chu Xihua , Feng Y.T. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo present a discrete particle model for granular materials.Design/methodology/approachStarting with kinematical analysis of relative movements of two typical circular grains with different radii in contact, both the relative rolling and the relative sliding motion measurements at contact, including translational and angular velocities (displacements) are defined. Both the rolling and sliding friction tangential forces, and the rolling friction resistance moment, which are constitutively related to corresponding relative motion measurements defined, are formulated and integrated into the framework of dynamic model of the discrete element method.FindingsNumerical results demonstrate that the importance of rolling friction resistance, including both rolling friction tangential force and rolling friction resistance moment, in correct simulations of physical behavior in particulate systems; and the capability of the proposed model in simulating the different types of failure modes, such as the landslide (shear bands), the compression cracking and the mud avalanching, in granular materials.Research limitations/implicationsEach grain in the particulate system under consideration is assumed to be rigid and circular. Do not account for the effects of plastic deformation at the contact points.Practical implicationsTo model the failure phenomena of granular materials in geo‐mechanics and geo‐technical engineering problems; and to be a component model in a combined discrete‐continuum macroscopic approach or a two‐scale discrete‐continuum micro‐ macro‐scopic approach to granular media.Originality/valueThis paper develops a new discrete particle model to describe granular media in several branches of engineering such as soil mechanics, power technologies or sintering processes.
Three dimensional numerical simulation and analysis of the airside performance of slotted fin surfaces with radial strips
Authors: Zhou Jun‐Jie , Tao Wen‐Quan 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo provide some heat transfer and friction factor results for fin‐and‐tube heat transfer surfaces which may be used in air conditioning industry.Design/methodology/approachNumerical simulation approach was adopted to compare the plain plate fin and three types of radial slotted fin surfaces.FindingsIt is found that at the same frontal velocity (1.0‐3 m/s) the plain plate fin has the lowest heat transfer rate with the smallest pressure drop. The full slotted fin surface has the highest heat transfer rate with the largest pressure drop penalty. The partially slotted fin (where the strips are mainly located in the rear part of the fin) and the back slotted fin are some what in between. Under the identical pumping power constraint, the partially slotted fin surface behaves the best.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are only valid the two‐row fin surface.Practical implicationsThe results are very useful for the design of two‐row tube fin surfaces with high efficiency.Originality/valueThis paper provides original information of slotted fin surface with radial strips from the field synergy principle.
Computational methods for planning and developing flexible manufacturing systems
Authors: Callahan Richard N. , Hubbard Kevin M. , Strong Shawn D. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeTo develop a decision framework for the planning and development of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS).Design/methodology/approachA systematic weighted property index approach for FMS development decisions is developed to evaluate various design options. This methodology converts design property values of differing orders of magnitude into a unitless system where an overall evaluation of the options can be made.FindingsMajor design choices related to the implementation of an educational FMS are identified, and considerations affecting each choice are discussed. A methodology for the selection of the appropriate FMS is then developed and demonstrated.Practical implicationsProvides a useful framework for evaluating various options in FMS development and selecting an appropriate system for a given environment and situation.Originality/valueIdentifies the major design choices related to the implementation of an educational FMS, provides practical examples taken from the development of FMSs at Southwest Missouri State University and the University of Missouri‐Rolla, and presents a systematic methodology for FMS design decision making.
Local estimation of the error in the von Mises' stress and L2‐norm of the stress for linear elasticity problems
Authors: Gallimard L. 
Published: January 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the local quality of outputs of interest computed by a finite element analysis in linear elasticity.Design/methodology/approachIn particular outputs of interest are studied which do not depend linearly on the solution of the problem considered such as the L2‐norm of the stress and the von Mises' stress. The method is based on the concept of error in the constitutive relation.FindingsThe method is illustrated through 2D test examples and shows that the proposed error estimator leads in practice to upper bounds of the output of interest being studied.Practical implicationsThis tool is directly usable in the design stage. It can be used to develop efficient adaptive techniques.Originality/valueThe interest of this paper is to provide an estimation of the local quality of L2‐norm of the stress and the Von Mises' stress as well as practical upper bounds for these quantities.
A systematic approach to scientific visualization
Authors: Radoiu Dumitru , Enachescu Calin , Adjei Osei 
Published: January 2007

PurposeRecent technological advances have created volumes of data such that, unless some effective methods are used to analyse them, they will be either wasted or under‐examined for their useful information content. Scientific data visualization is an attempt to use graphical and numerical tools to extract information contained in data and hence to allow its analysis. This paper seeks to present a systematic approach to the development of tools for scientific data visualization.Design/methodology/approachIt is shown that the approach to implement these tools involves four major steps: description of a reference model, validation of the data process, description of the software component and the design and implementation of the visualization tool.FindingsThis approach is substantiated by defining conditions suitable for scientific data visualization processes, in a relaxed manner. These conditions are subsequently refined more formally. Definitions and theorems of the proofs are succinctly discussed.Originality/valueThe mathematical description of the visualization process is necessary to understand and maintain some significant reduction in errors in scientific visualization processes.