bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Team Academy: Future Skills and the Future of Learning
Authors: Vogel Michael P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter reviews and refines the concept of Future Skills before introducing and discussing a radically innovative higher education model for Future Skills development called Team Academy. The chapter argues that Future Skills are acquired best not through teaching but learners’ self-directed action and reflection in authentic contexts. The Team Academy model of entrepreneurship education combines real-life action learning, team learning, and team coaching uniquely to create favorable conditions for, and actively foster, the acquisition of a range of Future Skills. Based on the example of Germany’s first Team Academy in Bremerhaven, the chapter addresses some challenges of implementing the model in a public higher education context and offers first-hand learnings.
The “University of the Future” of the Philippines: The Case of University of the Philippines Open University’s Master of Public Management Program
Authors: Gervacio Juvy Lizette M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOne of the issues in the education sector is how to future-ready degrees and develop students’ Future Skills essential in an agile environment. This will facilitate students not only to become lifelong learners but also enable them to adapt to various career tracks in the fast-paced world. The University of the Philippines Open University (UPOU) is envisioned to help equip Filipinos with the knowledge and skills they need for life and work in the twenty-first century. As the “University of the Future,” UPOU, through the Open Distance Learning Law, is mandated to assist agencies, higher education institutions (HEIs), and technical and vocational institutions in developing distance education programs through training, research, and other academic programs. This paper discusses the following questions: (a) What is the concept of the University of the Future for UPOU?; (b) How is Open and Distance E-learning (ODeL) articulated towards future-ready degrees?; (c) What are the initiatives from the Master of Public Management (MPM) Program to develop the Future Skills of public servants?; (d) Are the learning activities aptly designed to develop Future Skills of public servants?; and (e) How can online assignments be redesigned to incorporate development of Future Skills?
Anticipating the Future: Continuing Education at the National University of Singapore
Authors: Green Miriam J. , Tay Christalle , Wu Ye-Her 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chapter describes how the National University of Singapore contributes to strengthening Singapore’s workforce through its approach to Future Skills, as well as through collaboration with government and industry. The authors show how a refreshed approach to undergraduate education, coupled with the development of a broad array of graduate programs, support the goal to prepare students for the future. NUS’s approach includes efforts to inculcate a culture of lifelong learning on campus, providing opportunities for acquiring in-demand skills, and building data literacy among students as well as university staff. This approach aims at ensuring both broad- and deep-skilling in undergraduate education for a volatile and uncertain future.
The Practice of Future Skills Learning: An Assessment of Approaches, Conditions and Success Factors
Authors: Eigbrecht Laura , Ehlers Ulf-Daniel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe edited volume “Creating the University of the Future” is a body of evidence that Future Skills are viewed as a possibility to fill the gap between demands for skills and competences and the current state of provision in higher education. The provided experiences, practices and implementation concepts from educational professionals in the field provide an opportunity to analyze and synthesize the perspectives and experiences around Future Skills and their implementation in higher education institutions. Authors were asked to elaborate on their specific definition of the concept of Future Skills and to provide recommendations for promoting Future Skills in higher education in practice based on their experiences. Building on this, the chapter provides a panoramic view of places and institutions, analyzes the provided Future Skills definitions and synthesizes the practice recommendations given in order to close with an outlook for a Future Skills vision for higher education and its conditions for success.
“I’ve Learnt Everything I Know from the World.”
Authors: Ehlers Ulf-Daniel , Eigbrecht Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAndreas Schleicher (Fig. 4.1) is Director for Education and Skills at the OECD. He initiated and oversees the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and other international instruments that have created a global platform for policymakers, researchers, and educators across nations and cultures to innovate and transform educational policies and practices—and that have stimulated discussion on competence needs of today’s and future learners. In this conversation, we focus on Andreas Schleicher’s pathway to working with Future Skills as well as on future educational concepts for promoting them.
A note on the bulk interpretation of the quantum extremal surface formula
Authors: Wong Gabriel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Defining quantum information quantities directly in bulk quantum gravity is a difficult problem due to the fluctuations of spacetime. Some progress was made recently in [1], which provided a bulk interpretation of the Bekenstein Hawking formula for two sided BTZ black holes in terms of the entanglement entropy of gravitational edge modes. We generalize those results to give a bulk entanglement entropy interpretation of the quantum extremal surface formula in AdS3 gravity, as applied to a single interval in the boundary theory. Our computation further supports the proposal that AdS3 gravity can be viewed as a topological phase in which the bulk gravity edge modes are anyons that transform under the quantum group $${{\text{SL}}}_{q}^{+}\left(2,{\mathbb{R}}\right)$$. These edge modes appear when we cut open the Euclidean path integral along bulk co-dimension 2 slices, and satisfies a shrinkable boundary condition which ensures that the Gibbons-Hawking calculation gives the correct state counting.
The Singular Brick Vault by Slices in Tower J17 from the Aurelian Walls in Rome
Authors: Aliberti Licinia , de-Miguel-Sánchez Manuel , González-Uriel Ana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe lower chamber of tower J17 from the Aurelian Walls in Rome is covered by a singular brick vault by slices that is almost completely preserved. This kind of vault is unusual in a Roman context and specifically in Aurelian Walls. Brick vaults by slices were extensively studied by the French engineer Auguste Choisy, who mainly scrutinized their ease of construction that doesn’t require formwork and can adapt to different plans to achieve lowered vaults. The best-known examples are in Byzantium and generally in the Eastern Roman Empire, while we don’t know many cases dating from late Roman antiquity on the Italian peninsula. Based on a rigorous photogrammetric survey and thorough data management, a detailed analysis of this vault allows us to establish a hypothesis about its construction process and to deepen the knowledge of this type of structure.
On extreme points and representer theorems for the Lipschitz unit ball on finite metric spaces
Authors: Bredies Kristian , Rodriguez Jonathan Chirinos , Naldi Emanuele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this note, we provide a characterization for the set of extreme points of the Lipschitz unit ball in a specific vectorial setting. While the analysis of the case of real-valued functions is covered extensively in the literature, no information about the vectorial case has been provided up to date. Here, we aim at partially filling this gap by considering functions mapping from a finite metric space to a strictly convex Banach space that satisfy the Lipschitz condition. As a consequence, we present a representer theorem for such functions. In this setting, the number of extreme points needed to express any point inside the ball is independent of the dimension, improving the classical result from Carathéodory.
Prediction algorithms in matching platforms
Authors: Hämäläinen Saara , Petrikaitė Vaiva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe follow the future trajectory of more targeted wage formation in labor matching platforms, such as freelancing, crowd-sourcing, home-delivery, and ride-hailing, where local job search is coordinated by improving prediction algorithms. A labor matching platform is modelled as a directed search and matching market. We observe that targeted wage setting promotes efficient matching and longer employment spells. However, because a higher employment rate accentuates any disparities between available workers and vacancies, the effects of targeted wage setting on firm competition depend on prevailing market tightness. The impact of targeted wage formation on workers is positive when the vacancy-to-worker ratio is intermediate but turns negative at both extremes. Our results suggest that targeted wage setting may benefit occasional workers while potentially posing drawbacks for full-time platform workers.
Online monitoring of protein refolding in inclusion body processing using intrinsic fluorescence
Authors: Igwe Chika Linda , Müller Don Fabian , Gisperg Florian , Pauk Jan Niklas , Kierein Matthias , Elshazly Mohamed , Klausser Robert , Kopp Julian , Spadiut Oliver , Přáda Brichtová Eva 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein aggregates formed as a result of overexpression of recombinant protein in E. coli. The formation of IBs is a valuable strategy of recombinant protein production despite the need for additional processing steps, i.e., isolation, solubilization and refolding. Industrial process development of protein refolding is a labor-intensive task based largely on empirical approaches rather than knowledge-driven strategies. A prerequisite for knowledge-driven process development is a reliable monitoring strategy. This work explores the potential of intrinsic tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence for real-time and in situ monitoring of protein refolding. In contrast to commonly established process analytical technology (PAT), this technique showed high sensitivity with reproducible measurements for protein concentrations down to 0.01 g L$$^{-1}$$

-
1

. The change of protein conformation during refolding is reflected as a shift in the position of the maxima of the tryptophan and tyrosine fluorescence spectra as well as change in the signal intensity. The shift in the peak position, expressed as average emission wavelength of a spectrum, was correlated to the amount of folding intermediates whereas the intensity integral correlates to the extent of aggregation. These correlations were implemented as an observation function into a mechanistic model. The versatility and transferability of the technique were demonstrated on the refolding of three different proteins with varying structural complexity. The technique was also successfully applied to detect the effect of additives and process mode on the refolding process efficiency. Thus, the methodology presented poses a generic and reliable PAT tool enabling real-time process monitoring of protein refolding.

Graphical abstract
Real-time intrinsic fluorescence monitoring in protein refolding
Influence of methyl jasmonate and methyl jasmonate plus urea foliar applications on amino acids composition throughout ‘Tempranillo’ grape ripening over two seasons
Authors: González-Lázaro Miriam , Pérez-Álvarez Eva P. , Sáenz de Urturi Itziar , Marín-San Román Sandra , Murillo-Peña Rebeca , Garde-Cerdán Teresa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis work studies the impact of foliar application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and methyl jasmonate plus urea (MeJA + Ur) on the evolution of amino acid content in ‘Tempranillo’ grapes during ripening, across two vintages. To achieve this goal, sample grapes were harvested at five different timing. Fol1: 1 day before first foliar application; Fol2: 1 day before second foliar application; Preharvest: 15 days after second foliar application; Harvest: the day of harvest; and Postharvest: 15 days after harvest. The effect of foliar treatments was season dependent, being effective to improve the amino acids content of grapes only in the first vintage. Among the treatments studied, foliar application of MeJA-Ur showed better results. The evolution of amino acids during ripening also was different among seasons. Overall, in the 2019, amino acids reached their highest content at Preharvest or Harvest samples, whereas in the 2020 season, these highest concentrations were reached at Postharvest. Asparagine might serve as a suitable amino acid for controlling grape ripening, as its content decreased from Fol1 to Postharvest in the two vintages. Moreover, differences on the total amino acids content at Harvest date between vintages were observed, probably due to different climatological conditions. Therefore, this study pioneers the examination of the impact of foliar applications of MeJA and MeJA + Ur on the amino acids evolution in ‘Tempranillo’ grapes during ripening. The need for further research is clear to comprehend the complex interaction between foliar treatments and grape amino acids dynamics for optimizing nitrogen quality of grapes.
A foundation for comparative genomics and evolutionary studies in Nucella lapillus based on complete mitogenome assembly
Authors: García-Souto Daniel , Fernández-Rodríguez Jonathan , Vidal-Capón André , Fuller Neil , Pizcueta Juan , Pasantes Juan J. , Galindo Juan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Atlantic dog whelk, Nucella lapillus, is a marine snail that exhibits divergent evolution in response to habitat adaptation, resulting in distinct populations at the phenotypic, genotypic, and karyotypic levels. In this study, we utilized short- and long-read NGS data to perform a de novo assembly of the entire mitochondrial genome of N. lapillus and developed a multiplex PCR protocol to sequence most of its length using ONT sequencing. Our analysis revealed a typical circular configuration of 16,474 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 different tRNA genes, 2 of them showing two copies, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. Long-read sequencing enabled us to identify a 1826 bp perfect inverted repeat within the control region. Comparative analysis of the mitogenomes of related species in the Muricidae family revealed a conserved gene configuration for N. lapillus. We found a low genetic diversity, as well as a moderate genetic differentiation among the studied populations. Interestingly, there was no observed differentiation between the two chromosomal races, suggesting either introgression and permanent incorporation of the mitochondrial DNA haplotype from one of the chromosomal races into the other or a slower evolutionary rate of the mtDNAs with respect to that of the karyotypes. Our study serves as a foundation for comparative genomics and evolutionary investigations in this species.
Novel method for production and purification of untagged pneumococcal surface protein A from clade 1
Authors: da Costa Rodrigues Tasson , Zorzete Patricia , Miyaji Eliane Namie , Gonçalves Viviane Maimoni 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause diseases with high mortality and morbidity. The licensed vaccines are based on capsular polysaccharides and induce antibodies with low cross reactivity, leading to restricted coverage of serotypes. For surpassing this limitation, new pneumococcal vaccines are needed for induction of broader protection. One important candidate is the pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), which can be classified in 6 clades and 3 families. We have reported an efficient process for production and purification of untagged recombinant PspA from clade 4 (PspA4Pro). We now aim to obtain a highly pure recombinant PspA from clade 1 (PspA1) to be included, together with PspA4Pro, in a vaccine formulation to broaden response against pneumococci. The vector pET28a-pspA1 was constructed and used to transform Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain. One clone with high production of PspA1 was selected and adapted to high-density fermentation (HDF) medium. After biomass production in 6 L HDF using a bioreactor, the purification was defined after testing 3 protocols. During the batch bioreactor cultivation, plasmid stability remained above 90% and acetate formation was not detected. The final protein purification process included treatment with a cationic detergent after lysis, anion exchange chromatography, cryoprecipitation, cation exchange chromatography, and multimodal chromatography. The final purification process showed PspA1 purity of 93% with low endotoxin content and an overall recovery above 20%. The novel established process can be easily scaled-up and proved to be efficient to obtain a highly pure untagged PspA1 for inclusion in vaccine formulations.

Key points
• Purification strategy for recombinant PspA1 from Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Downstream processing for untagged protein antigens, the case of PspA1
• Purification strategy for PspA variants relies on buried amino acids in their sequences
Novel glycosidase from Paenibacillus lactis 154 hydrolyzing the 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester bond of oleanane-type saponins
Authors: Wu Zongzhan , Dou Wenyu , Yang Xiaolin , Niu Tengfei , Han Zhuzhen , Yang Li , Wang Rufeng , Wang Zhengtao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Oleanane-type ginsenosides are a class of compounds with remarkable pharmacological activities. However, the lack of effective preparation methods for specific rare ginsenosides has hindered the exploration of their pharmacological properties. In this study, a novel glycoside hydrolase PlGH3 was cloned from Paenibacillus lactis 154 and heterologous expressed in Escherichia coli. Sequence analysis revealed that PlGH3 consists of 749 amino acids with a molecular weight of 89.5 kDa, exhibiting the characteristic features of the glycoside hydrolase 3 family. The enzymatic characterization results of PlGH3 showed that the optimal reaction pH and temperature was 8 and 50 °C by using p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside as a substrate, respectively. The Km and kcat values towards ginsenoside Ro were 79.59 ± 3.42 µM and 18.52 s−1, respectively. PlGH3 exhibits a highly specific activity on hydrolyzing the 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester bond of oleanane-type saponins. The mechanism of hydrolysis specificity was then presumably elucidated through molecular docking. Eventually, four kinds of rare oleanane-type ginsenosides (calenduloside E, pseudoginsenoside RP1, zingibroside R1, and tarasaponin VI) were successfully prepared by biotransforming total saponins extracted from Panax japonicus. This study contributes to understanding the mechanism of enzymatic hydrolysis of the GH3 family and provides a practical route for the preparation of rare oleanane-type ginsenosides through biotransformation.

Key points
• The glucose at C-28 in oleanane-type saponins can be directionally hydrolyzed.
• Mechanisms to interpret PlGH3 substrate specificity by molecular docking.
• Case of preparation of low-sugar alternative saponins by directed hydrolysis.
Optimizing the pharmacokinetics of an 211At-labeled RGD peptide with an albumin-binding moiety via the administration of an albumin-binding inhibitor
Authors: Echigo Hiroaki , Munekane Masayuki , Fuchigami Takeshi , Washiyama Kohshin , Mishiro Kenji , Wakabayashi Hiroshi , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Kinuya Seigo , Ogawa Kazuma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A probe for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) using the RGD peptide (Ga-DOTA-K([211At]APBA)-c(RGDfK) ([211At]1)) with albumin-binding moiety (ABM) was recently developed. [211At]1 highly accumulated in tumors and significantly inhibited tumor growth in U-87 MG tumor-bearing mice. However, high [211At]1 retention in blood may cause critical adverse events, such as hematotoxicity. Therefore, we attempted to accelerate the blood clearance of [211At]1 by competitively inhibiting the binding of [211At]1 to albumin to modulate the pharmacokinetics of the former.

Methods
To evaluate the effects of albumin-binding inhibitors in normal mice, sodium 4-(4-iodophenyl)butanoate at 2, 5, or 10 molar equivalents of blood albumin was administered at 1-h postinjection of [211At]1. The biodistribution of [211At]1, SPECT/CT imaging of [67Ga]Ga-DOTA-K(IPBA)-c(RGDfK) ([67Ga]2), and the therapeutic effects of [211At]1 were compared with or without IPBA administration in U-87 MG tumor-bearing mice.

Results
Blood radioactivity of [211At]1 was decreased in a dose-dependent manner with IPBA in normal mice. In U-87 MG tumor-bearing mice, the blood radioactivity and accumulation in nontarget tissues of [211At]1 were decreased by IPBA. Meanwhile, tumor [211At]1 accumulation was not changed at 3-h postinjection of IPBA. In SPECT/CT imaging of [67Ga]2, IPBA administration dramatically decreased radioactivity in nontarget tissues, and only tumor tissue was visualized. In therapeutic experiments, [211At]1 with IPBA injected-group significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to the control group.

Conclusion
IPBA administration (as an albumin-binding inhibitor) could modulate the pharmacokinetics and enhance the therapeutic effects of [211At]1.
Contrast media for hysterosalpingography: systematic search and review providing new guidelines by the Contrast Media Safety Committee of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology
Authors: Geenen Remy W. F. , van der Molen Aart J. , Dekkers Ilona A. , Bellin Marie-France , Bertolotto Michele , Correas Jean-Michel , Heinz-Peer Gertraud , Mahnken Andreas H. , Quattrocchi Carlo C. , Radbruch Alexander , Reimer Peter , Roditi Giles , Sebastià Carmen , Stacul Fulvio , Romanini Laura , Clément Olivier , Brismar Torkel B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is widely used for evaluating the fallopian tubes; however, controversies regarding the use of water- or oil-based iodine-based contrast media (CM) remain. The aim of this work was (1) to discuss reported pregnancy rates related to the CM type used, (2) to validate the used CM in published literature, (3) to discuss possible complications and side effects of CM in HSG, and (4) to develop guidelines on the use of oil-based CM in HSG.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted for original RCT studies or review/meta-analyses on using water-based and oil-based CM in HSG with fertility outcomes and complications. Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 10 reviews/meta-analyses were analyzed. Grading of the literature was performed based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) 2011 classification.

Results
An approximately 10% higher pregnancy rate is reported for oil-based CM. Side effects are rare, but oil-based CM have potentially more side effects on the maternal thyroid function and the peritoneum.

Conclusions
1. HSG with oil-based CM gives approximately 10% higher pregnancy rates.
2. External validity is limited, as in five of nine RCTs, the CM used is no longer on the market.
3. Oil-based CM have potentially more side effects on the maternal thyroid function and on the peritoneum.
4. Guideline: Maternal thyroid function should be tested before HSG with oil-based CM and monitored for 6 months after.

Clinical relevance statement
Oil-based CM is associated with an approximately 10% higher chance of pregnancy compared to water-based CM after HSG. Although side effects are rare, higher iodine concentration and slower clearance of oil-based CM may induce maternal thyroid function disturbance and peritoneal inflammation and granuloma formation.

Key Points
• It is unknown which type of contrast medium, oil-based or water-based, is the optimal for HSG.
• Oil-based contrast media give a 10% higher chance of pregnancy after HSG, compared to water-based contrast media.
• From the safety perspective, oil-based CM can cause thyroid dysfunction and an intra-abdominal inflammatory response in the patient.