bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Authors: Knip Mikael , Tapanainen Päivi , Pekonen Fredrika , Blum Werner F 
Published: December 2008

Knip M, Tapanainen P, Pekonen F, Blum WF. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:133:440–4. ISSN 0804–4643
To study the possible role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the discrepancy between normal or only slightly retarded growth and substantially reduced concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured the plasma concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 and free insulin in 24 prepubertal diabetic subjects and 12 control children. In addition, the growth hormone response to exercise was evaluated. The diabetic children had significantly decreased peripheral IGF-I levels (8.2 + 1.1 (sem) vs 16.7 + 2.5 nmol/l; p < 0.001), whereas the concentrations of free insulin were increased (217 + 14 vs 103 + 21 pmol/l; p < 0.001). The concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 were of the same magnitude in both groups. The diabetic children had significantly increased levels of IGFBP-2 (465 + 13 vs 416 + 14 μg/l; p = 0.029), which were inversely related to the circulating IGF-I levels (r = −0.35; p = 0.034). The diabetic and control children had comparable growth hormone responses to exercise. Diabetic children with poor glucose control had even lower IGF-I levels than those with moderate metabolic control (6.0 + 0.8 vs 10.3 + 1.7 nmol/l; p = 0.037). No differences could be observed in the plasma concentrations of various IGFBPs between these two groups of diabetic subjects. The absence in prepubertal diabetic children of increased IGFBP-1 levels observed in adolescent and adult patients with IDDM may contribute to their maintained linear growth, despite definitely decreased IGF-I concentrations. The role of increased IGFBP-2 levels in prepubertal children with IDDM remains open, but the inverse relationship between IGF-I levels and IGFBP-2 concentrations suggests that IGF-I may be involved in the regulation of IGFBP-2.
Mikael Knip, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oulu, FIN-90220 Oulu, Finland
Resting metabolic rate, body composition and related hormonal parameters in growth hormone-deficient adults before and after growth hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Snel Yvonne EM , Doerga Manorath E , Brummer Robert-Jan M , Zelissen Pierre MJ , Zonderland Maria L , Koppeschaar Hans PF 
Published: December 2008

Snel YEM, Doerga ME, Brummer R-JM, Zelissen PMJ, Zonderland ML, Koppeschaar HPF. Resting metabolic rate, body composition and related hormonal parameters in growth hormone-deficient adults before and after growth hormone replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:445–50. ISSN 0804–4643
The resting metabolic rate (RMR), and body composition were assessed in 30 growth hormone-deficient (GHD) adults before and after 3 and 6 months of replacement therapy with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). In addition, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and plasma insulin were measured at baseline and at 6 months in relation to RMR. During 6 months of rhGH replacement therapy, body fat decreased from 18.2 ± 1.5 (mean±sem) to 14.3 ± 1.6 kg (p < 0.0001), whereas fat-free mass (FFM) increased from 53.5 ± 3.3 to 56.3 ± 3.6 kg (p < 0.0001), RMR increased from 1246 ± 92 to 1539 ± 102 kcal/24 h (p < 0.0001) and RMR per kilogram of FFM increased from 23.2 ± 0.6 to 27.4 ± 0.5 (p < 0.0001). When RMR data were adjusted for the differences in FFM, it appeared that apart from the increase in FFM, other factors may play a role in the increase in RMR. During rhGH replacement therapy, IGF-I (p < 0.0001) and IGFBP-3 (p = 0.003) levels increased, whereas IGFBP-1 levels decreased significantly (p = 0.004). The FFM explained for about 80% of the variance in RMR. In addition, waist/hip ratio and plasma IGF-I contributed significantly to the explained variance of RMR. This study shows that in GHD adults FFM is the main determinant of RMR and that, next to the increase in FFM, changes in metabolic and hormonal parameters contribute to the increase in RMR during rhGH replacement therapy.
HPF Koppeschaar, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
Familial acromegaly: a specific clinical entity—Further evidence from the genetic study of a three-generation family
Authors: Benlian Pascale , Giraud Sophie , Lahlou Najiba , Roger Marc , Blin Christian , Holler Colette , Lenoir Gilbert , Sallandre Janine , Calender Alain , Turpin Gérard 
Published: December 2008

Benlian P, Giraud S, Lahlou N, Roger M, Blin C, Holler C, Lenoir G, Sallandre J, Calender A, Turpin G. Familial acromegaly: a specific clinical entity. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:451–6. ISSN 0804–4643
Familial acromegaly is a very rare inherited disorder, characterized by the clustering within a single family of several related cases with somatotroph adenomas and acromegaly. The causes of these dominantly inherited pituitary tumours remain unknown. Although these families have a clinical presentation distinct from that of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1), the question of this syndrome as being linked to the MEN-1 locus has remained open. Our aim was to study a three-generation family with cases of acromegaly in a mother and her son, to explore better the clinical presentation of the disease, its pattern of inheritance and to test the hypothesis of a genetic linkage to the MEN-1 locus using closely linked polymorphic genetic markers. The refined analysis of 15 unaffected relatives revealed miscellaneous non-specific endocrine dysfunctions and the presence of multiple lipomata, as noted previously in some cases. Moreover, the notion of acromegalo-gigantism in the maternal grandmother and an incomplete penetrance appeared even more typical, suggesting that familial acromegaly is a specific clinical entity. Finally, under the hypotheses assumed for segregation analysis, no clinical, biological or genetic evidence of linkage to the MEN-1 locus could be retained in this family. However, these conclusions were limited because of incomplete penetrance and uncertain definition of the carrier status. Therefore, we conclude that further identification of the genetic predisposition to familial acromegaly might be obtained from the combined molecular genetic analysis of several families presenting with the same clinical features.
Pascale Benlian, Service d'Endocrinologie Métabolisme, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpétrière, 83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France
Distinct effects of ovarian transplantation and exogenous 17 β-oestradiol on cancellous bone of osteopenic ovariectomized rats
Authors: Gallagher Andrea C , Chambers Timothy J , Tobias Jonathan H 
Published: December 2008

Gallagher AC, Chambers TJ, Tobias JH. Distinct effects of ovarian transplantation and exogenous 17 β-oestradiol on cancellous bone of osteopenic ovariectomized rats. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:483–8. ISSN 0804–4643
Although 17 β-oestradiol (E2) is known to prevent bone loss, prolonged administration of E2 is unable to reverse this in female rats rendered osteopenic by ovariectomy. To determine whether this reflects a failure to replace other components of ovarian function involved in bone metabolism, we compared the effects of administering E2 to osteopenic ovariectomized (ovx) rats with those of ovarian transplantation. Ovariectomy was performed in female rats. After 13 weeks, by which time marked bone loss had occurred, one group of ovx animals received ovaries from donor rats, and, after a delay of 2 weeks to allow oestrus cycles to return, a further group received E2 5 μg · kg−1 · day−1 for 9 weeks. The dose of E2 was chosen as that which in preliminary studies restored mean serum E2 levels to that of intact female rats. The study was terminated 24 weeks after ovariectomy. Both E2 and ovarian transplantation largely restored indices of oestrogenic exposure in ovx rats to those of sham-ovx animals. Animals receiving ovarian transplants also showed a small increase in serum progesterone and full restoration of serum testosterone. However, while ovarian transplantation also returned indices of cancellous bone metabolism to those of sham-ovx animals, there was little increase in bone volume. Interestingly, exogenous E2 caused a greater increase in cancellous bone volume than ovarian transplantation but also caused more marked suppression of bone formation, as assessed at the end of the study. In conclusion, exogenous E2 and ovarian transplantation exerted distinct effects on skeletal metabolism in osteopenic ovx rats, although the basis for this difference is currently unclear.
JH Tobias, Department of Histopathology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17 ORE, UK
Molecular defects in thyroid carcinomas: Role of the RET oncogene in thyroid neoplastic transformation
Authors: Santoro Massimo , Grieco Michele , Melillo Rosa Marina , Fusco Alfredo , Vecchio Giancarlo 
Published: December 2008

Santoro M, Grieco M, Melillo RM, Fusco A, Vecchio G. Molecular defects in thyroid carcinomas. Role of the RET oncogene in thyroid neoplastic transformation. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:513–22. ISSN 0804–4643
Tumors are believed to arise as a result of an accumulation of mutations in critical genes involved in the control of cell proliferation. Thyroid neoplasms represent a good model for studying the role of these mutations in epithelial cell multistep carcinogenesis because they comprise a broad spectrum of lesions with different degrees of malignancy. Recent reports have described the involvement of specific genetic alterations in different types of thyroid neoplasms. Papillary carcinomas are characterized by the activation of the receptor tyrosine kinases RET and TRK-A proto-oncogenes. Ras point mutations are frequently observed in tumors with follicular histology and a high prevalence of p53 point mutations have been found in anaplastic carcinomas. A definition of molecular defects characterizing thyroid tumors will be helpful in establishing sensitive and specific detection strategies and, in addition, to define genetic and environmental factors important for their pathogenesis.
Giancarlo Vecchio, Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare "L, Califano", Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", via S Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Plasma neurotensin levels in humans: relation to hormone levels in diseases involving the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis
Authors: Schimpff Rose-Marie , Gourmelen Micheline , Scarcériaux Valérie , Lhiaubet Anne-Marie , Rostène William 
Published: December 2008

Schimpff R-M, Gourmelen M, Scarcériaux V, Lhiaubet A-M, Rostène W. Plasma neurotensin levels in humans: relation to hormone levels in diseases involving the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:534–8. ISSN 0804–4643
This study was aimed to investigate, in humans, the possible relationship between plasma neurotensin (NT) levels and the activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. Neurotensin was measured by radioimmunoassay in 14 healthy adult volunteers and in 41 patients among whom 10 were considered as controls and 31 had thyroid dysfunction according to free thyroxine and thyrotropin plasma values. Basal NT levels were not significantly different in healthy adults and in control patients: 9.7 ± 1.1 fmol/ml (mean±sem) vs 13.3 ± 2.9fmol/ml, respectively. In patients with central hypothyroidism the NT level was significantly lower (5.7 ± 1.2 vs healthy volunteers and controls; p < 0.05) and in patients with peripheral hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism the NT level was significantly higher (35.9 ± 12.8 and 29.9 ± 9.5 fmol/ml, respectively, vs healthy adults (p < 0.01) and vs controls (p < 0.05)). After thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) injection (250 μg iv) in nine subjects (two control patients, five patients with hypothyroidism and two patients with hyperthyroidism), NT levels decreased independently of the endocrine status from mean values of 13.4 ± 8.4 at basal level to 7.3 ± 0.8 fmol/ml 30 min after injection (p < 0.01 on paired percentage decrease values). These data suggest that plasma NT levels in humans depend upon the pituitary-thyroid status and indicate that TRH could exert a negative regulation on circulating NT levels.
R-M Schimpff, INSERM U 339. Hôpital St Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg, St Antoine, Paris 75012, France
Transmission of thyrotoxicosis of autoimmune type by sibling allogeneic bone marrow transplant
Authors: Thomson John A , Wilson Rhoda M , Franklin Ian M 
Published: December 2008

Thomson JA, Wilson RM, Franklin IM. Transmission of thyrotoxicosis of autoimmune type by sibling allogeneic bone marrow transplant. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:564–6. ISSN 0804–4643
This case report is on a 25-years-old male with acute myeloblastic leukaemia who achieved a remission after cytoxic therapy and whole-body irradiation. He received a bone marrow transplant from his human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sister who had unsuspected autoimmune thyroid disease. Nine months later the bone marrow recipient developed thyrotoxicosis of autoimmune type at a time when his circulating lymphocytes were of 46XX karyotype. It is suspected that the thyrotoxicosis resulted from the transplantation of a clone of lymphocytes predisposed to the production of thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies.
JA Thomson, University Department of Medicine, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Queen Elizabeth Building, 10 Alexandra Parade, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
Hypothalamic multiunit activity and pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in the castrated male rat
Authors: Goubillon Marie-Laure , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Thalabard Jean-Christophe 
Published: December 2008

Goubillon M-L, Kaufman J-M, Thalabard J-C. Hypothalamic multiunit activity and pulsatile luteinizing hormone release in the castrated male rat. Eur J Endocrinol 1995:133:585–90. ISSN 0804–4643
Using chronically implanted microelectrodes, multiunit electrical activity (MUA) was recorded from the arcuate nucleus of freely moving gonadectomized male rats. Intermittent increases in MUA activity (MUA volleys) closely associated with luteinizing hormone pulses measured in the peripheral circulation were observed, which confirms that this experimental approach can be used for monitoring the activity of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated hypothalamic pulse generator in the male rat. The mean MUA volley frequency was 22.2 min (range 13–38 min), whereas the mean MUA volley duration was 2.7 ± 0.8 min (standard deviation). In addition to a large inter-individual variability, MUA volley intervals also showed an important intra-individual variability. This observation suggests that, beside the mean frequency of pulse generator activation, the degree of variability in gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated pulse generator activity might be an additional relevant parameter in the characterization of the reproductive function in the male rat.
M-L Goubillon, Laboratoire d'Histologie et d'Embryologie, Faculté de Médecine, CNRS URA 1454, 69600 Oullins, France
Endothelin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the muscular layer of stem villi vessels of human term placenta
Authors: Mondon Françoise , Maka Florence Doualla-Bell Kotto , Sabry Sana , Ferré Françoise 
Published: December 2008

Mondon F, Doualla-Bell Kotto Maka F, Sabry S, Ferré F. Endothelin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the muscular layer of stem villi vessels of human term placenta. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:606–12. ISSN 0804–4643
In the present study, we examined the relationship between endothelin receptors and phosphoinositide breakdown in muscle explants of placental stem villi vessels. All peptides examined, i.e. endothelin-1 (ET-1), ET-3, sarafotoxin 6b (S6b) and S6c, were able to induce phosphoinositide hydrolysis in a dosedependent manner; ET-1 was more potent than S6b and ET-3, with corresponding ec50 values of 44 ± 16 pmol/l, 18 ± 13 nmol/l and 33 ± 24 nmol/l, respectively. Sarafotoxin induced only moderate stimulation of inositol phosphate accumulation. Both ET-1- and S6b-induced accumulation of inositol phosphate was almost totally (90%) inhibited by 100 μmol/l BQ 123, while the S6c response was not affected by the ETA receptor antagonist. In contrast, the ETB receptor antagonist IRL 1038 inhibited S6c-induced inositol phosphate accumulation by more than 80%, whereas inhibition was only about 30% for ET-1 and S6b stimulations. This indicates that both ETA and ETB receptors were coupled to the phospholipase C transducing system in the muscular layer of placental stem villi vessels, and there is evidence that the phosphoinositide hydrolysis response is obtained predominantly via ETA receptor activation.
F Ferré. U.361 INSERM, Maternité Baudelocque, 123 Bid de Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France
Impairment of lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Merola Bartolomeo , Sofia Matteo , Longobardi Salvatore , Fazio Serafino , Micco Assunta , Esposito Vincenzo , Colao Annamaria , Biondi Bernadette , Lombardi Gaetano 
Published: December 2008

Merola B, Sofia M, Longobardi S, Fazio S, Micco A, Esposito V, Colao A, Biondi B, Lombardi G. Impairment of lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:680–5. ISSN 0804–4643
Little is known of the respiratory function in patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate lung volumes and respiratory muscle strength in patients diagnosed as GH deficient in childhood. Ten patients diagnosed as GH deficient in childhood and ten healthy subjects entered the study. For each subject the evaluation of respiratory function followed the same standard approach, consisting of respiratory muscle strength assessment, recording of flowvolume curves, measurement of static lung volumes and lung diffusing capacity. Both maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures were decreased in GH deficiency. Vital capacity, N2 functional residual capacity and total lung capacity were significantly reduced when compared to healthy subjects. Conversely, the residual volume and diffusing lung capacity to CO did not show any significant change. No significant change of percentage forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity ratio was observed. The decrease of respiratory mouth pressures was not correlated to the decrease of lung volumes. In conclusion, the results of this study show that adult patients affected with childhood onset GH deficiency suffer from impairment of ventilatory function and a decrease of respiratory muscle pressures, probably due to reduction of respiratory muscle strength.
Gaetano Lombardi, Via G Santacroce 40/1, 80 129 Naples, Italy
In vivo responsiveness of morphological variants of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas to octreotide
Authors: Ezzat Shereen , Kontogeorgos George , Redelmeier Donald A , Horvath Eva , Harris Alan G , Kovacs Kalman 
Published: December 2008

Ezzat S, Kontogeorgos G, Redelmeier DA, Horvath E, Harris AG, Kovacs K. In vivo responsiveness of morphological variants of growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas to octreotide. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:686–90. ISSN 0804–4643
The somatostatin analog, octreotide, is an inhibitor of growth hormone (GH) secretion that has been used to treat patients with GH-producing pituitary tumors. In this study we investigated the in vivo responsiveness to treatment with this analog in patients harboring different morphological types of GH-producing pituitary adenomas. Both GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) plasma levels in 30 patients treated with octreotide (300 μg/day) for 4 months preoperatively were compared with those from 30 patients who did not receive treatment preoperatively. Tissue samples were studied using ultrastructural and immunohistochemical techniques. Amongst patients harboring densely granulated (DG) adenomas, mean GH levels were reduced to 32 ± 9% by octreotide, to 30 ± 7% by surgery and to 26 ± 9% of baseline by both interventions. Surgery was equally as effective in lowering GH levels in patients with sparsely granulated (SG) adenomas as it was in those with DG adenomas; in patients with SG adenomas, GH levels were reduced by surgery alone to 37 ± 16% and to 24 ± 15% when performed following octreotide pretreatment. In contrast, treatment with octreotide alone in patients harbouring SG adenomas reduced GH levels to only 70 ± 13% of baseline (p < 0.02 compared to surgery alone, or surgery and octreotide). We conclude that the GH inhibitory effects of octreotide are significantly better in patients harboring DG somatotroph adenomas compared with those harboring SG adenomas.
Shereen Ezzat, University of Toronto-Wellesley Hospital, 160 Wellesley St East, Toronto, Ontario M4Y-1J3, Canada
Melatonin enhances cortisol levels in aged but not young women
Authors: Cagnacci Angelo , Soldani Renza , Yen Samuel SC 
Published: December 2008

Cagnacci A, Soldani R, Yen SSC. Melatonin enhances cortisol levels in aged but not young women. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:691–5. ISSN 0804–4643
In spite of animal data showing an effect of melatonin in the regulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, no effect of melatonin on cortisol has been evidenced in young men. Gender and aging are believed to influence the regulation of the HPA axis, and may thus modulate the melatonin effect on cortisol. In this study we investigated whether an effect of melatonin on cortisol can be observed in women of different age. Six young women in early follicular phase (22–32 years; EFW) and eight aged women in postmenopause (54–62 years; PMW) were studied. At 08.00 h on two consecutive days each woman received, randomly and in double-blind fashion, a pill of placebo or melatonin (100 mg). Serum levels of melatonin and cortisol were evaluated at 20-min intervals for 48 h. In comparison to EFW, PMW showed an earlier onset of nocturnal melatonin (p < 0.05) and cortisol rise (p < 0.01) and higher cortisol levels at lunch (p < 0.05) and early evening (p < 0.01). Melatonin administration did not modify serum cortisol levels in EFW but elicited a marked increase of daytime cortisol levels in PMW (p < 0.02). The present data reveal that in aged PMW the cortisol levels are enhanced at selected circadian times and are stimulated by melatonin.
Angelo Cagnacci, Istituto di Ginecologia e Ostetricia, Ospedale 5, Giovanni di Dio, via Ospedale 46, 09124 Cagliari, Italy