bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence‐enhanced electrocardiogram analysis for identifying cardiac autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes
Authors: Irlik Krzysztof , Aldosari Hanadi , Hendel Mirela , Kwiendacz Hanna , Piaśnik Julia , Kulpa Justyna , Ignacy Paweł , Boczek Sylwia , Herba Mikołaj , Kegler Kamil , Coenen Frans , Gumprecht Janusz , Zheng Yalin , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Alam Uazman , Nabrdalik Katarzyna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo develop and employ machine learning (ML) algorithms to analyse electrocardiograms (ECGs) for the diagnosis of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN).Materials and MethodsWe used motif and discord extraction techniques, alongside long short‐term memory networks, to analyse 12‐lead, 10‐s ECG tracings to detect CAN in patients with diabetes. The performance of these methods with the support vector machine classification model was evaluated using 10‐fold cross validation with the following metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsAmong 205 patients (mean age 54 ± 17 years, 54% female), 100 were diagnosed with CAN, including 38 with definite or severe CAN (dsCAN) and 62 with early CAN (eCAN). The best model performance for dsCAN classification was achieved using both motifs and discords, with an accuracy of 0.92, an F1 score of 0.92, a recall at 0.94, a precision of 0.91, and an excellent AUC of 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–0.94). For the detection of any stage of CAN, the approach combining motifs and discords yielded the best results, with an accuracy of 0.65, F1 score of 0.68, a recall of 0.75, a precision of 0.68, and an AUC of 0.68 (95% CI 0.54–0.81).ConclusionOur study highlights the potential of using ML techniques, particularly motifs and discords, to effectively detect dsCAN in patients with diabetes. This approach could be applied in large‐scale screening of CAN, particularly to identify definite/severe CAN where cardiovascular risk factor modification may be initiated.
Teaching information flow in supply chains: A role‐playing game using TagScan
Authors: Wang Xiaojia , Enstroem Rickard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInformation flow is one of the three main flows of supply chains. It is an abstract concept that can be challenging for students to grasp in its entirety. This article describes a role‐playing game for teaching the topic of information flow in an undergraduate supply chain management course. The game allows students to simulate receiving and fulfilling customer orders by playing five roles within a manufacturing company. Students use TagScan, an augmented reality barcoding and logistics system launched by a technology company in western Canada, to track information throughout the game. Pre‐ and postsurvey results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed game in helping students visualize abstract course concepts and understand the types of information being tracked, the available information transmission technology, and the dynamics of information flow in a supply chain. Students were actively engaged in this in‐class activity and responded positively to the learning‐by‐gaming experience.
Application of cefuroxime in the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection: A review article
Authors: Mi Changmin , Suo Baojun , Tian Xueli , Wang Yuxin , Ma Lingling , Song Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori infection and its associated diseases represent a significant global health concern. Patients who cannot use amoxicillin pose a therapeutic challenge and necessitate alternative medications. Preliminary research indicates that cefuroxime demonstrates promising potential for eradicating H. pylori infection, and there is a lack of comprehensive review articles on the use of cefuroxime.Materials and MethodsThis study conducts a thorough systematic literature review and synthesis. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wanfang Data up to January 13, 2024. The search strategy utilized the following keywords: (Cefuroxime) AND (Helicobacter pylori OR Helicobacter nemestrinae OR Campylobacter pylori OR Campylobacter pylori subsp. pylori OR Campylobacter pyloridis OR H. pylori OR Hp) for both English and Chinese language publications. Sixteen studies from five different countries or regions were included in final literature review.ResultsAnalysis results indicate that H. pylori is sensitive to cefuroxime, with resistance rates similar to amoxicillin being relatively low. Regimens containing cefuroxime have shown favorable eradication rates, which were comparable to those of the regimens containing amoxicillin. Regarding safety, the incidence of adverse reactions in cefuroxime‐containing eradication regimens was comparable to that of amoxicillin‐containing regimens or other bismuth quadruple regimens, with no significant increase in allergic reactions in penicillin‐allergic patients. Regarding compliance, studies consistently report high compliance rates for regimens containing cefuroxime.ConclusionCefuroxime can serve as an alternative to amoxicillin for the patients allergic to penicillin with satisfactory efficacies, safety, and compliance.
Microstructure change and functional characteristic promotion: the structural manipulation of soy protein microparticles through pH
Authors: Lin Yufeng , Luo Weiqian , Xiong Beibei , Guo Jian , Wang Jinmei , Tan Wenhao , Yang Xiaoquan 
Published: April 2024

SummaryIn this work, soy protein isolates (SPIs) were subjected to microparticulation, turning soy protein ingredients into microparticles with improved thermal stability which could be used in high‐protein foods. The pH is a critical determinant in microparticulation. Our work is mainly to investigate the effect of pH on the formation and properties of protein microparticles. To clarify the effects of pH conditions on the properties of the resulting particles, microparticulation was performed at different pH conditions (7.0, 6.0 and 5.0). Aggregation behaviours described by the parameters calculated from the protein dispersion viscosity combined with the observation of the morphology change were used to analyse the particle formation process. For the microparticles prepared at pH 5.0, soy proteins were more inclined to aggregate into clusters on a micro‐scale which had a flexible conformation. After spray drying, This powder could be easily dispersed in water, creating a dispersion with a protein concentration of 10 wt%. At this concentration, the thermal gelation capacity of the proteins was observed to decrease. Conversely, the tendency of protein aggregation was largely restricted when soy protein microparticulation was carried out at pH 7.0. As these soy protein particles in nano‐scale were dispersed in water, a decrease rather than an increase was recorded in the viscosity of this dispersion after it was heated, suggesting that these particles had improved thermal stability. This work has demonstrated that implementing appropriate pH conditions during microparticulation can prepare soy protein particles with different sizes and rheological properties, which might meet the demands of various food processing.
Effects of in situ formed nanostructures on the structure and properties of C/SiOC composites
Authors: Zhao Yuhang , Guo Lei , Ma Qingsong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, Ni was introduced into the matrix of carbon fiber reinforced SiOC (C/SiOC) composites by the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method to catalyze the generation of in situ formed nanostructures including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), turbostratic carbon, and SiC. The effect of in situ formed nanostructures catalyzed by Ni on the properties of the C/SiOC composites was investigated. The results demonstrated that the presence of in situ formed nanostructures in the matrix improved the densification and mechanical properties of C/SiOC composites. In addition, the incorporation of in situ formed nanostructures facilitated the formation of thermal conductivity pathways within the composites, thereby enhancing the thermal conductivity of C/SiOC composites. Furthermore, in situ formed nanostructures‐containing C/SiOC composites developed a carbon friction layer comprising CNTs and turbostratic carbon, which significantly enhanced the abrasion resistance, endowing C/SiOC composites stable friction coefficients, and lower levels of wear.
A Turn to Export‐Led Growth? Rethinking the Growth Models in Greece and Portugal
Authors: Myrodias Konstantinos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe global financial crisis in 2007 and, more recently, the Covid‐19 pandemic renewed interest in capitalist divergence and the evolution of growth models in the Eurozone. The varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach and more recently post‐Keynesian research, especially the growth model (GM) perspective, have made important contributions to comparative political economy. However, the focus on either the ‘supply‐side’ or ‘demand‐side’ aspects of modern models of capitalism has offered a limited framework to explain capitalist diversity in the global economy. This article brings insights from both the VoC and GM perspectives and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the growth models in Greece and Portugal. The argument is that although both countries implemented internal devaluation and contractionary policies to curtail domestic demand and transform their economies into export‐led ones, they have been stuck in a suppressed demand‐led growth model since the global financial crisis.
Effectiveness, safety and impact of guselkumab on sexuality and perceived stigmatization in patients with psoriasis in routine clinical practice: Week 28 results from the prospective German multicentre G‐EPOSS study
Authors: Gerdes S. , Ostendorf R. , Süß A. , Schadeck T. , Taut F. , Makuc J. , Scharfenberger L. , Jacobsen S. , Trenkler N. , Behrens J. , Joks G. , Tabori S. , Mortazawi D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundG‐EPOSS is a prospective, non‐interventional, German multicentre study of patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis receiving guselkumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin‐23, in a real‐world setting.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of guselkumab, including its impact on skin, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), sexuality, and perceived stigmatization.MethodsPatients (≥18 years old) received guselkumab per routine clinical practice. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving absolute Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) ≤ 3 at Week (W)28. Secondary endpoint assessments over 28 weeks included the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI), anogenital Physician's Global Assessment (aPGA), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Sexuality and perceived stigmatization were assessed by patients using the Relationship and Sexuality Scale (RSS) and Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ), respectively.ResultsOverall, 293 patients were included in the evaluable set population. Mean age and disease duration were 45.6 and 17.6 years, respectively. At baseline, mean PASI, aPGA and DLQI scores were 15.3, 2.7 and 11.3, respectively. In total, 25.9% of patients had received a prior biologic. Overall, 83.0% of patients achieved PASI ≤ 3, and 56.2%/35.1% achieved PASI ≤ 1/PASI = 0, respectively, at W28. Among those with NAPSI ≥ 1 and aPGA ≥ 1 at baseline, NAPSI = 0 and aPGA = 0 were achieved by 39.2% and 61.1% of patients, respectively, and 61.4% of patients achieved DLQI 0–1 at W28. Improvements were observed over 28 weeks across individual items of the DLQI, RSS and PSQ, indicating improved HRQoL and sex life, and decreased perceived stigmatization. Based on DLQI Question (Q)9, 53.6% of patients experienced sexual difficulties at baseline, which decreased to 12.1% at W28. DLQI Q9 responses were consistent with RSS item responses, highlighting DLQI Q9 as a sentinel for sexual impairment.ConclusionsGuselkumab improved overall skin symptoms and HRQoL in patients with psoriasis and decreased sexual impairment and perceived stigmatization. No new safety signals were observed.Study codeCNTO1959PSO4008.
The detection of circulating tumor cells indicates poor therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Shan , Liu Xiaolin , Lv Hongwei , Yu Jing , Li Huihui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe efficacy and prognostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are controversial based on the existing research. This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated the significance of CTCs in NSCLC therapy monitoring and prognosis prediction, supporting their potential as clinical biomarkers.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data, CNKI, and VIP through September 20, 2023. Inclusion criteria were cohort studies involving NSCLC patients, focusing on peripheral blood CTCs, and assessing outcomes such as pre‐ and posttreatment CTC rates or levels, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed risk of bias using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. We utilized Review Manager 5.4.1 for meta‐analysis, calculating pooled odds ratios (ORs) for dichotomous outcomes, mean differences for continuous variables and hazard ratios (HRs) for survival data, applying fixed‐ or random‐effects models based on heterogeneity assessed by the I2 statistic. This study was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42023450035).ResultsTwenty‐two eligible studies with a total of 1674 NSCLC patients were included. Meta‐analysis results showed that the CTCs‐positive rate (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.77, p = 0.0001) and CTCs count (mean difference = –3.10, 95% CI –5.52 to –0.69, p = 0.01) were significantly decreased after antitumor treatment. Compared with the CTCs nonreduced group, the CTC‐reduced group showed better PFS (HR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.17, p < 0.00001) and OS (HR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.86, p = 0.0003) after treatment. PFS and OS in CTC‐positive groups were lower than those in the CTCs‐negative group pretreatment (HR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.78 to 3.47, p < 0.00001; HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.29 to 2.52, p = 0.0006) and posttreatment (HR = 3.36, 95% CI 2.12 to 5.33, p < 0.00001; HR = 3.31, 95% CI 1.75 to 6.27, p = 0.0002).ConclusionsCTCs can be used as a biomarker to monitor NSCLC efficacy, predict prognosis and guide follow‐up treatment.
Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England
Authors: Archer David , Watkiss Samuel , Warren Sarah , Lamb Rob , Fowler Hayley J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExtremely rapid rates of rise in level and discharge in a subset of flash floods (‘abrupt wave front floods’, AWF) are separate hazards from peak level. Such flood events are investigated for Pennine catchments in northern England using both gauged and historical information. Gauged level and flow digital records at 15‐min intervals provide recent data. Historical information for 122 AWF events is extracted from a chronology of flash floods for Britain. Historical AWF events are mapped and found to occur on every major Pennine catchment; catchment descriptors are derived as a basis for assessing catchment vulnerability. We discuss the disputed origin of AWF. Using gauged data, we contrast the rising limb of AWF and ‘normal’ floods. We investigate time series of historical AWF, noting a puzzling peak in the late 19th century. Current rainfall and river monitoring does not provide a reliable basis for understanding AWF processes or for operational response and we suggest improvements. Similarly, current models for design flood estimation and forecasting do not generate the observed rapid increase in level in AWF floods.
Measurement protocols and determinants of peak oxygen consumption in adults with Down syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Hilgenkamp T. I. M. , Beck V. D. Y. , Azar F. , Maloy‐Robertson M. , Matthews A. , Shahani M. , Goodman X. , Oppewal A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to provide an overview of test protocols used to measure peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in adults with Down syndrome (DS) and to determine how generalisable the outcomes are for the entire population of adults with DS by describing the sample characteristics of these studies and their impact on VO2peak. A literature search (PROSPERO CRD42022309560) was performed (18 July 2023) using the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase and SPORTDiscus. For articles to be included, they had to be peer‐reviewed pubications, reporting VO2peak or VO2max for individuals with DS separately, with a sample of n ≥ 5 and a mean age ≥18 years. Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses were excluded but their reference lists were searched for additional papers to include. Studies were evaluated for risk of bias following the guidelines of Kmet et al. The results were summarised with frequency statistics. Forty‐three studies were included in this systematic review. Sample sizes of included adults with DS ranged from n = 4–226, with a total of n = 1498 adults with DS being included. Most studies (29/43) used the same standardised maximal exercise treadmill protocol to measure VO2peak in adults with DS, and 33 out of 43 studies used at least one objective criterion to determine a valid maximal effort. Participants were predominantly male, under 40 years old, and overweight or obese. Additionally, the diversity of study samples was lacking or not reported. The most widely used, standardised, maximal exercise test treadmill protocol is recommended for future use in research and practice, including objective criteria to determine valid maximal effort. The current study samples are not representative of the population of adults with DS in terms of sex, age and diverse backgrounds and therefore likely overestimate VO2peak of this population.
Strengthening couple relationships through a digital connection
Authors: Johnson David J. , Pickens Jaclyn C. , Holyoak Derek , Denzer‐King Amanda 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe proliferation of technology has accelerated exponentially over the past 50 years. Contemporarily, researchers have explored the influences technology use is having on individuals and relationships. Theoretical frameworks such as the couple, family, and technology (CFT) Framework have been applied to individuals and couples in committed relationships to better understand the implications of technology adoption and use within this relational subsystem. Research examining technology's impact on couple relationships recognizes the potential for technology use to be either helpful or unhelpful to the relationship but fails to fully examine the helpful aspects of technology use. This study addresses this gap with the creation of a theory grounded in data from N = 45 couples (n = 90 individuals) in committed relationships. Results indicate couples' technology use can augment emotional connection and unity within the relationship as couples manage the influence of technology in a way that is relationally helpful.
Cytokines and chemokines in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and multifocal motor neuropathy: A systematic review
Authors: Cutellè Claudia , De Lorenzo Alberto , Doneddu Pietro Emiliano , Creta Maria Francesca , Selmi Carlo , Liberatore Giuseppe , Giordano Andrea , Gentile Francesco , Erre Gian Luca , Nobile‐Orazio Eduardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAdvances in the understanding of cytokines have revolutionized mechanistic treatments for chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as exemplified by rheumatoid arthritis. We conducted a systematic literature review on the role of cytokines and chemokines in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). Ovid Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched until August 31, 2022 for human studies investigating cytokines levels in CIDP or MMN. Fifty‐five articles on 1061 CIDP patients and 86 MMN patients were included, with a median of 18 patients per study (range 3–71). Studies differed in the inclusion criteria, type of assay, manufacturer, control subjects, and tested biological material. Only a minority of studies reported data on disease activity. Interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐17, CXCL10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), were elevated in CIDP compared to controls in most of the studies. IL‐6 and TNF‐α levels are also correlated with disability. In MMN patients, IL‐1Ra was elevated in the majority of the reports. While acknowledging the challenges in comparing studies and the various limitations of the studies, including small patient numbers, particularly in MMN, our review suggests that IL‐6, IL‐17, CXCL10, and TNF‐α might play a role in CIDP pathogenesis. Larger studies are needed in MMN.
Who can see it coming? Demand‐side selection in long‐term care insurance related to decision‐making abilities
Authors: Lambregts Timo R. , Schut Frederik T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the growing demand for long‐term care (LTC), the uptake of private LTC insurance (LTCI) is low and even declining in the United States. One reason is the complexity of LTCI decisions. Researchers have therefore suggested to support decision‐making abilities. This paper shows, however, that such support would not unambiguously enhance functioning of the LTCI market. We analyze whether selection arises from two correlated but different decision‐making abilities at old age, education and numeracy, and interactions thereof with private information. Using historical data from the Health and Retirement Survey we find that education generates adverse selection, which is only partially offset by advantageous selection due to numeracy. In addition, individuals with greater decision‐making abilities make better LTCI choices, amplifying selection by education and numeracy. This points at a trade‐off between decision simplicity and selection in insurance markets and suggests other steps are needed to enhance the performance of private LTCI markets.
Effect of dietary chitosan on the growth performance, intestinal histology and growth‐related gene expression in stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) juveniles
Authors: Zakeri Donya , Pazooki Jamileh , Mohseni Mahmoud , Jamshidi Shirin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs sturgeon breeding has proliferated, there has been a heightened demand for growth stimulators in their diets. This study aimed to determine the impact of dietary chitosan on growth performance, whole‐body proximate composition, growth‐related gene expression, and intestinal histology in juvenile Acipenser stellatus. A total of 180 A. stellatus juveniles with an average weight of 31.90 ± 0.73 g were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 g chitosan.kg−1 basic diet for eight weeks. The findings revealed a significant enhancement in growth performance with rising chitosan concentrations. Furthermore, chitosan supplementation upregulated the expression of the growth hormone gene in both brain and liver tissues. In liver samples, the most pronounced expression of the insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene was noted at 6.0 g chitosan.kg−1, while in brain samples, peak expressions were observed in both the 4.5 and 6.0 g chitosan.kg−1 treatments. While the whole‐body proximate composition remained relatively stable, there was a notable decrease in whole‐body lipids with the escalation of chitosan dosage. Intestinal villi dimensions, both height and width, were amplified in the chitosan‐supplemented groups compared to controls. In summation, chitosan supplementation showed promise in bolstering growth performance, refining intestinal morphology, and enhancing growth‐related gene expression. Analysis of the polynomial regression of weight gain and specific growth rate revealed that the optimum dietary chitosan requirements in A. stellatus were 5.32 and 5.21 g chitosan.kg−1, respectively.