bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of current characteristics and influencing factors of stress-load in nurses of obstetrics and gynecology based on stress-appraisal-coping theory: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Ye Qiqi , Kefu Zhong , Li Yuan , Huang Qihua , Xuefang Liang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Long-term occupational stress of nurses and midwives in obstetrics and gynecology department will not only affect their mental health, but also threaten nursing safety and sleep quality of nursing staff. Personality characteristics and stress coping strategies may play an important and unique role in stress regulation
Introduction
Finding scientific methods to control the occupational stress of nurses in obstetrics and gynecology is great importantly. The purpose of this study is to determine the stress characteristics of obstetrics and gynecology nurses, and the stress differences of those with different personality characteristics and coping strategies.
Methods
From February 2023 to March 2023, a convenient sampling method was used to select 426 obstetric and gynecological nurses. The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese Big Five Personality Questionnaire, the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Chinese version of the Stress Overload Scale.
Findings
The stress risk of obstetrics and gynecology nurses showed high-stress, impact and other characteristics, and the stress-load was at a medium level, with an average score of (65.30±17.27) points. There were statistically significant differences in stress-load among nurses with different marital status, hospital level, family occupational support and work motivation (P<0.05). The stress-load level of nurses with neurotic personality and negative coping tendency was the highest (P<0.01).
Discussion
Based on our findings and the existing literature, we have so suggestions to relieve the stress-load of obstetrics and gynecology nurses and midwives: (1) improve social support and family support; (2) increase the application of intelligent technology appropriately; (3) cultivate positive personality and weaken negative personality; (4) provide positive psychology training; (5) take advantage of the positive interaction between individual and situations.
Conclusion and Implications for Nursing Policy
Nursing managers should strengthen care for nurses with significant neurotic personality, adopt flexible or magnetic management and enhance group psychological intervention or case intervention, mobilize them to face stress events with a positive attitude, and establish a positive personality.
Investigating the socio-demographic characteristics and smoking cessation incidence among smokers accessing smoking cessation services in primary care settings of Qatar, a Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Zainel Abduljaleel Abdullatif , Mujalli Hanan Al , Yfakhroo Ameena Ibrahim , Ahmed Hafiz , Nuaimi Ahmed Al , Syed Muslim Abbas , Syed Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease that often requires repeated interventions and multiple attempts to quit. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality. Globally, an estimated 1.3 billion people smoke.
In Qatar, Smoking cessation services (SCSs) are provided free of charge to citizens and at a minimal cost to non-citizens. This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of the smoking cessation program adopted by the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) of Qatar. This was achieved through calculating the percentage of smoking cessation service users (survival probabilities) who maintained the non-smoking status after selected follow up periods. Moreover, the study highlightedthe possible association of selected explanatory variables with smoking cessation survival probabilities.
Methods
In this historical cohort study 490 participants were recruited by simple random sampling who attended the smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) in PHCC prior to 30/06/2021. The participants were contacted by phone and invited to participate in the study. The participants who agreed to participate in the study were interviewed utilizing a structured questionnaire.
Results
Initially 311 (63.5%) of the participants quitted smoking after receiving SCSs. There were statistically significant differences between quitting smoking and the nationality and the educational level of participants (p= <0.001 and 0.02 respectively). About one fourth (23.3%) of individuals who initially quitted smoking relapsed and resumed smoking as early as 6 months after completing their SCC visits. This relapse rate increased to 38.7, 47.2 and 51.1% after 12, 24 and 36 months respectively. Less than a half (45.8%) maintained the non-smoking status after 42 months from their initially quitting.
Conclusion and recommendations
The findings of the study substantiate the effectiveness of SCSs designed within PHCC both in short- and long-term basis. Younger individuals, smokers with Arab ethnicity, smokers falling within high income and education groups were identified as high-risk groups and need highest focus. The accessibility to the service among the local population can be increased by upscaling the advertisement of the existing services.
A case report and literature review: Mycobacterium leprae infection diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Zhao Conglin , Liu Zhenzhen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) that is responsible for deformities and irreversible peripheral nerve damage and has a broad spectrum of clinical and serological manifestations. Leprosy primarily affects the peripheral nerves and rarely presents with central nervous system involvement. Diagnosing leprosy can still be difficult in some cases, especially when the infection involves uncommon clinical manifestations and extracutaneous sites. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of leprosy may lead to irreversible damage and death.
Case Presentation
We report a case of a 30-year-old female presenting with "repeated high fever with symptoms of headache for 14 days". On the day of admission, physical signs of lost eyebrows and scattered red induration patches all over her body were observed. The patient's diagnosis was based on the clinical characteristics using a combination of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and slit-skin smear. After confirming Listeria meningitis and multibacillary leprosy with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), a type 2 reaction, she was treated with ampicillin sodium, dapsone, rifampicin, clofazimine, methylprednisolone, and thalidomide. A good clinical response with improved skin lesions and headaches was found at the 1-year follow-up.
Conclusion
This case highlights the importance of considering leprosy, which is a rare and underrecognized disease, in the differential diagnosis of skin rashes with rheumatic manifestations, even in areas where the disease is not endemic, and physicians should be alerted about the possibility of central nervous system infections. In addition, mNGS can be used as a complementary diagnostic tool to traditional diagnostic methods to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of leprosy.
Predictive Value of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Parameters in Patients under PCI with High Pulse Pressure
Authors: Ren Qiang , Mu Xing-Bo , Li Yu-Shan , Zhang Jian , Liang Yan-Chun , Han Ya-Ling , Zhang Quan-Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and objective: The correlation of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters and the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with high pulse pressure (PP) is uncertain. Present study evaluated the association and prognosis value of CPET parameters in high PP patients.
Methods: Patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and CPET were enrolled. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to PP after admission: high PP group and normal PP group. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Cox regression analysis and univariate receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify optimal predictors of MACE.
Results: 111 patients with MACE occurred. Compared with the normal PP group, participants in the high PP group showed higher incidence of MACE (4.86% vs. 2.68%, P =0.005). In high PP group, patients had significantly lower peak heart rate, lower peak oxygen pulse, lower breathing reserve whereas higher ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2). Peak VO2 (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.00, P = 0.038) and VE/VCO2 (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.15, P = 0.007) were identified as significant predictive factors through multifactorial analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of VE/VCO2 and peak VO2 were 0.62 (95% CI 0.557 to 0.673) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.515 to 0.634), respectively.
Conclusions: The prognosis of CAD patients with high PP was worse compared to the patients with normal PP. The peak VO2 and VE/VCO2 were predictors of prognosis of CAD patients with high PP.
Study on autophagy-related biomarkers in pancreatic cancer based on bioinformatics
Authors: Zheng Xiaorong , Tang Qi , Rao Xin , Sun Wen , Fang Huawei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a common malignant tumor whose incidence is increasing yearly and the 5-year survival rate is only 4\%. Early diagnosis is crucial for a better prognosis of PC, but additional research is needed to enhance existing technology. Current research clearly demonstrates a significant correlation between autophagy and PC pathology, so the related biomarkers possess immense potential for the early diagnosis of PC pathology. This study aimed to explore autophagy-related biomarkers in PC by detecting differentially expressed autophagy genes (DEAGs), providing new insights into the pathological progression of PC. GSE15471 and GSE16515 gene expression profiles of PC were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R language was used to standardize and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PC expression profiles. A total of 324 autophagy genes were obtained from HADb, ATdb, and ATD autophagy gene databases. The differential genes of PC and autophagy genes were integrated and analyzed, and 11 DEAGs were selected. Then the potential biological functions of DEAGs were predicted. The correlation analysis reveals the potential correlation among 11 DEAGs. Finally, a total of 10 significant DEAGs (APOL1, CASP1, CEP55, CXCR4 ITGA3, ITGB4, NPC1, SLC6A14, SMS, SMURF1) were obtained by difference examination and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.811, 0.675, 0.797, 0.807, 0.730, 0.795, 0.783, 0.827, 0.784, and 0.802, respectively. These results indicate that these genes may have application value in the study of PC, and could potentially be utilized as new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PC. This study revealed a strong connection between DEAGs and PC, and the identified DEAGs could serve as a potential biomarker for PC, which offers a novel approach to early detection of the disease.
Drivers of persistent changes in the global methane cycle under aggressive mitigation action
Authors: Folberth Gerd , O'Connor Fiona , Jones Chris , Gedney Nicola , Wiltshire Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To achieve the goals under the Paris climate agreement comprehensive mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is required. Here methane plays an important role. Therefore, better understanding of the global methane cycle is indispensable for robust climate projections and assessments of multi-gas mitigation strategies. Here we simulate the global methane cycle fully interactively over the period 1850-2100, including a Shared Socioeconomic Pathway with strong mitigation action (SSP1-2.6 ). We show that under SSP1-2.6 the atmospheric methane burden recovers to almost pre-industrial levels, but wetland methane emissions show a persistent upward trend from 166 Tg(CH4) yr-1 in the 1850s to 221 Tg(CH4) yr-1 in the 2090s. Analogously, the atmospheric methane lifetime exhibits a persistent downward trend from 9.3 to 7.3 years. We identify the trend in net primary productivity as the dominant driver behind the trend in wetland methane emissions, with a correlation coefficient of 0.7. Significantly, our work demonstrates that important components of the global methane cycle such as wetland methane emissions and the methane lifetime are subject to feedbacks in the Earth system which elude methane mitigation action. Therefore, future methane mitigation strategies will need to take into account feedbacks in the Earth system.
Understanding the PULSAR Effect in Combined Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy through Attention Mechanisms with a Transformer Model
Authors: Peng Hao , Moore Casey , Saha Debabrata , Jiang Steve , Timmerman Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
PULSAR (personalized, ultra-fractionated stereotactic adaptive radiotherapy) is the adaptation of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy towards personalized cancer management. For the first time, we applied a transformer-based attention mechanism to investigate the underlying interactions between combined PULSAR and PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy based on a murine cancer model (Lewis Lung Carcinoma, LLC). The proposed approach is able to predict the trend of tumor volume change semi-quantitatively, and excels in identifying the potential causal relationships through both self-attention and cross-attention scores.
Different effects of migraine associated features on disability and psychiatric conditions in patients with migraine without aura: a multicenter observational cohort study
Authors: Imai Noboru , Matsumori Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Migraine is a multifactorial brain disorder characterized by recurrent disabling headaches and their associated features. Several studies have suggested that these features are related to migraine disabilities and psychiatric conditions. However, differences in the impact of each associated feature on migraine disability or psychiatric conditions remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of migraine-associated features on disability and psychiatric conditions in patients with migraine.
Methods: We enrolled patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) to exclude those with migraine without headache and to avoid the influence of medication overuse headache, which is commonly associated with chronic migraine. We assessed the impact of associated features on disability or psychiatric conditions using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Associated symptoms included nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, and allodynia. Migraine disability and psychiatric conditions were determined using the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
Results: In total, 1103 patients with MwoA were enrolled in this study. One hundred twenty-five patients were excluded from the study because of missing data. Finally, 939 patients with MwoAs were included in this study. On multivariate logistic regression analyses, nausea (odd ratios [OR] 1.87, confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-2.54), vomiting (OR 1.57, CI: 1.11-2.23), photophobia (OR 1.67, CI: 1.18-2.35), and allodynia (OR 1.56, CI: 1.06-2.28) were independent positive predictors of higher HIT-6 scores, and nausea (OR 1.72, CI: 1.22-2.43), vomiting (OR 1.84, CI: 1.29-2.63), phonophobia (OR 1.58, CI: 1.10-2.25), photophobia (OR 1.49, CI: 1.07-2.08), and allodynia (OR 1.81, CI: 1.24-2.66) were independent positive predictors of higher VAS score. Nausea (OR 1.49, CI: 1.09-2.02), phonophobia (OR 2.00, CI: 1.42-2.82), and allodynia (OR 1.81, CI: 1.24-2.63) were independent positive predictors of GAD-7 score. Nausea (OR 1.66, CI: 1.21-2.28), phonophobia (OR 1.49, CI: 1.05-2.11), and allodynia (OR 1.68, CI: 1.16-2.45) were independent positive predictors and vomiting (OR 0.54, CI: 0.37-0.78) was an independent negative predictor of PHQ-9 score.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, and osmophobia have distinct effects on migraine disability and psychiatric conditions. Understanding these differences can aid in personalized management of patients with MwoA.
Influence of deep margin elevation on marginal quality of root–filled molars restored with different onlays
Authors: Zhang Jingqiu , Zhang Yali , Liu Li , Dong Lei , Huang Huiqun , He Shuqi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the influence of deep margin elevation (DME) with composite resin when applied to deep margin defects in root–filled molars with mesiooccluso–distal (MOD) cavities, which were subsequently restored with computer-aided designed/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic or composite onlays.
Methods
Forty–eight complete human third molars were removed and randomly distributed into 6 groups (n = 8). The MOD cavities were prepared with the distal gingival margin below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) 2 mm and the mesial gingival margin above the CEJ 1 mm. All molars underwent endodontic treatment. The distal gingival margin was filled with 2 mm thick Filtek™ Z350 XT Flowable resin (FF) or Filtek™ Z350 XT Universal resin (FU) to the CEJ. Then, all molars were restored with onlays made by Vita MarkⅡ CAD (VC)/IPS e.max CAD (IC)/SHOFU ceramage (SC). Epoxy replicates were made before and after thermomechanical loading (5 ~ 55°C, 5000 cycles; 10 Hz at 360 N, 100000 cycles). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to analyze margin integrity. Statistical analysis was performed.
Results
All the interfaces exhibited a decrease in margin quality after thermomechanical loading(TML) (P < 0.05). At the onlay–resin interface, when comparing margin integrity with that of the same DME resin before TML, there were no significant differences among the FF/VC, FF/IC and FF/SC groups (P > 0.05), and there were no significant differences among the FU/VC, FU/IC and FU/SC groups (P > 0.05). After TML, FF/IC > FF/SC > FF/VC, and FU/IC > FU/SC > FU/VC, there was a significant differences among these groups (P < 0.05). When comparing marginal integrity with the same onlay material, there was no significant difference in marginal integrity between FU/SC and FF/SC, FU/IC and FF/IC, or FU/VC and FF/VC before and after TML (P > 0.05). At the resin‒dentin interface, before and after TML, the margin integrity of the dentin‒paste resin was greater than that of the dentin–flowable resin (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
In this study, after TML, the best marginal integrity was obtained at resin–onlay interface with IPS e.max CAD material. However, DME with paste or flowable resin had no significant effect on the marginal integrity of the resin–onlay interface. At the dentin–resin interface, this study revealed that the marginal integrity of the flowable resin was lower than that of the paste resin, but both resulted in acceptable marginal quality for use as DME materials.
Online field measurements of Chlorothalonil show that volatilization is key to pesticide exposure
Authors: Loubet Benjamin , Bedos Carole , Kammer Julien , Decuq Céline , Lafouge Florence , Esnault Baptiste , Ciuraru Raluca , Bsaibes Sandy , Buysse Pauline , Barriuso Enrique , Vuolo Maria Raffaella , Gros Valérie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Pesticide usage has been expanding since the 1950s. However, their use has been known to harm human and environmental health for decades. Recent studies have shown that these two factors are impacted by pesticide diffusion in the atmosphere. The gaseous diffusion of pesticides in the atmosphere is known as volatilization. Although it is a known process, pesticide volatilization has been scarcely measured, especially for periods beyond a few days after pesticide application. Pesticide concentration is usually measured mainly by offline gas-chromatography mass spectrometry, which makes it difficult to deploy in the field for long-term studies. In this study, we report the first online concentration measurements of Chlorothalonil, a fungicide, over a wheat field using a highly sensitive proton transfer reaction, quadrupole injection, time of flight, mass spectrometer (PTR-QI-TOF-MS) for several weeks after its application. The volatilization computed by inverse dispersion modeling was sustained over more than three weeks, leading to up to 50% of the applied quantity being lost by volatilization. High-temporal volatilization dynamics indicate that the understorey contributes significantly to the emissions. Our findings suggest that Chlorothalonil volatilization may contribute significantly to atmospheric exposure, and transfer by deposition to nearby fields and over larger areas. Online PTR-QI-TOF-MS measurements should be developed further to quantify human exposure and the spread of pesticides through the atmosphere.
A Novel Approach to Dementia Prediction Leveraging Recursive Feature Elimination and Decision Tree
Authors: Akbarifar Ahmad , Maghsoudpour Adel , Mohammadian Fatemeh , Mohammadzaheri Morteza , Ghaemi Omid 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Early prediction of dementia and disease progression remains challenging. This study presents a novel machine learning framework for dementia diagnosis by integrating multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers and inexpensive, readily available clinical factors. Fractional anisotropy (FA) measurements in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provide microstructural insights into white matter integrity disturbances in dementia. However, acquiring DTI is costly and time-consuming. We applied Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) to identify predictors from structural measures of the 9 Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) factors and 42 Clinical Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) factors to estimate fractional anisotropy (FA) in DTI. The 10 most effective BALI/LIBRA features selected by RFE were used to train an interpretable decision tree model to predict dementia severity from DTI. A decision tree model based on biomarkers selected by Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) achieved an accuracy of 96.25% in predicting dementia in an independent test set. This integrated framework pioneers the prediction of white matter microstructural changes from available structural/clinical factors using machine learning. By avoiding DTI acquisition, our approach provides a practical and objective tool to enhance dementia screening and progress monitoring. Identification of key predictive markers of BALI/LIBRA will also provide insights into lifestyle-related disease mechanisms, neurodegeneration, and white matter dysfunction.
Am I in Control? Explicit and Implicit Sense of Agency in Depersonalisation Experiences
Authors: Ciaunica Anna , Ayache Julia , Haggard Patrick , Nakul Estelle , Bonnet Emmanuelle , Auvray Malika 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The sense of agency, the feeling of controlling one’s bodily actions and the world is altered in Depersonalisation (DP), a condition that makes people feel detached from one’s self and body. To investigate the link between depersonalization and both implicit and explicit sense of agency, an online study was conducted using the influential Intentional Binding paradigm in a sample of non-clinical DP participants. The results did nor reveal significant differences between individuals with low and high occurrences of DP experiences on implicit and explicit sense of agency. However, participants with high occurences of DP experiences showed a more time-sensitive explicit sense of agency and greater temporal distortions for short intervals in the absence of self-initiated motion. This suggests that there is a discrepancy between implicit and explicit sense of agency in people with high levels of depersonalization. Altogether, these findings call for further investigations of the key role of time perception on altered sense of self and agency in both non-clinical and clinical population, in order to disentangle the mechanisms associated with explicit and implicit sense of agency.