bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Організація функціонування інтегрованих пасажирських залізничних пересадочних комплексів на засадах логістики
Authors: Бутько Тетяна Василівна , Кривич Артем Вікторович , Ящук Юрій Іванович , Гурин Дмитро Олександрович 
Published: April 2024

Процес організації пасажирських залізничних перевезень потребує підвищеної уваги, особливо в період воєнного стану в країні. Одним із критичних місць у цьому процесі є зосередження значної кількості пасажирів у межах вокзалу і привокзальної площі, де відбувається пересадка на інші види транспорту. Проведений аналіз по країнах ЄС, США, Південної Кореї, Великої Британії, Китаю свідчить, що основною тенденцією в цих країнах є перехід універсальних залізничних вокзалів до інтегрованих залізничних пересадочних комплексів. Такий пересадочний комплекс виконує функції об’єднання різних видів транспорту: залізничного, авіаційного, міського, приміського, і забезпечує найбільш швидку пересадку пасажирів, що запобігає ефекту створення неконтрольованого натовпу. Для оцінювання параметрів пасажиропотоків в умовах такого мегаполіса, як Київ, було проведено дослідження, які подано у вигляді погодинних динамік розподілу кількості пасажирів, перевезених разом у міжрегіональному і приміському сполученні, і доведено існування «ранкового» і «вечірнього» ефектів. Це спричиняє збільшення кількості пасажирів та ускладнює управління потоками. Для переходу залізничного вокзалу Київ-Пасажирський у статус інтегрального пересадочного комплексу запропоновано об’єднати в єдину систему залізничну станцію, вокзал, привокзальну площу, де зосереджено зупинки міського транспорту, включно з метрополітеном, під управлінням єдиного інтермодального пасажирського оператора. Задля управління пасажиропотоками в такій системі сформовано оптимізаційну математичну модель із цільовою функцією, що являє собою сумарний час на пересування пасажирів кожною складовою системи. Система обмежень містить умову збереження пасажиропотоку і технологічні параметри щодо інтервалів часу прибуття поїздів.Ураховуючи, що найбільш критичними місцями в системі є час перебування пасажирів у будівлі вокзалу і час знаходження на привокзальній площі, для управління пасажиропотоками на цих елементах використано апарат теорії динаміки натовпу. Процес пересування пасажиропотоків будівлею вокзалу подано як хвильовий процес. При цьому кожне прибуття поїзда утворює хвилю пасажирів. Для формалізації цього хвилеподібного процесу використано хвильове рівняння Шредінгера у форматі 2D, обмеженнями є план будівлі вокзалу. Таку модель доцільно використовувати для формування розумної системи орієнтації пасажирів на вокзалі. Для управління пасажиропотоками на привокзальній площі запропоновано використати комплекс математичних моделей: для формалізації руху пасажирів до зупинок міського транспорту – рівняння Ейконала, а для синхронізації пасажиропотоків із часом і місткістю міського транспорту – моделі теорії розкладу.Процес управління пасажиропотоками на інтегрованому пересадочному комплексі запропоновано організувати на структурі розподілених систем підтримки прийняття рішень (СППР) під керівництвом єдиного пасажирського інтермодального оператора.
Emulgel formulation of wild cherry leaves (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) extract and its antioxidant activity
Authors: Subaidah Windah Anugrah , Andayani Yayuk , Kumaradewi Dewa Ayu Puspaning 
Published: April 2024

Background: The ethanol extract of wild cherry (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) leaves has been studied as a free anti-radical in an emulgel formulation. The purpose of this study is to determine the physical properties of an emulgel made from an ethanol extract of wild cherry leaves, as well as its anti-radical activity.
Methods: The maceration method was used to extract wild cherry leaves in 96% ethanol, which were then evaporated with a rotary evaporator. An emulgel was prepared to contain a 3.56% thick extract. The physical properties of the emulgel were evaluated consisting of the organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, spreadability test, and adhesion test. The DPPH was used to test free anti-radical activity.
Results: The emulgel of the ethanol extract of wild cherry leaves had a yellowish-green, thick texture, a distinct aroma of the extract, was homogeneous, pH 6, spreadability ranged from 4.4-6.2 cm, and adhesion of 5.5 second. Emulgel had a very weak antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 6238 ppm.
Conclusion: Further optimization of the formulation and storage conditions may be required to enhance the antioxidant potential of the wild cherry leaf extract emulgel for topical applications.
Direct Extraction and Conversion of Microalgal Lipid from Chlorella vulgaris to Biodiesel Through In Situ Process Assisted by Sonication
Authors: Wulandari Melysa , Hadi ,Sofijan , Purkan Purkan , Sumarsih Sri , Abdulloh Abdulloh , Wahyuni Dwi Kusuma , Piluharto Bambang 
Published: April 2024

Direct extraction and conversion of microalgal lipid to biodiesel in one step process is developed to initiate an efficiently method in the biofuel production. The method that called as in-situ process had been applied in the biodiesel production from microalgae Chlorella vulgaris lipid by involving of sonication assisting. Various parameters that affect the in-situ transesterification were investigated to find the optimum conditions including power of sonication, co-solvent use, and biomass amount. The experiment was performed by acidic catalyst The use of sonication in 25kHz/270W yielded the highest biodiesel product. The apply of co-solvent n-hexane significantly increased the yield biodiesel rather than no co-solvent. The biodiesel yield of 10.39 % obtained when the process was accompanied by the n-hexane.as co-solvent with increasing level as 47% rather than without co-solvent. The in situ process in the ratio biomass - methanol 3:50 that assisted by sonication for 60 mins produced the highest biodiesel, which was 20,31 % w/w. The yield was higher than assisting with reflux or combination of reflux-sonication. The component of biodiesel yielded in the process consisting of 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic methyl ester; pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-methyl ester; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid-methyl ester; and eicosanoic acid-methyl ester. Joining of reflux-sonication exhibited a low biodiesel product. Disadvantage method from the combination may inhibit on lipid extraction or FAME transformation, the exact cause needs to be looked for in the future.

Keywords : Biodiesel, in-situ transesterification, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris, sonication
Sustainable Bioplastics Made from Cassava Peel Waste Starch and Carrageenan Formulations: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Fadhallah Esa Ghanim , Assa'diyah Indah Nurul , Juwita Nana , Tullaila Sholeha , Yudistiro Muhammad Kahfi Kharisma , Zuidar Ahmad Sapta , Dameswary Amarilia Harsanti 
Published: April 2024

Plastic waste has become a global environmental problem as it is difficult to decompose and harms the environment. The alternative solution to overcome this problem is to produce biodegradable plastics made from renewable materials. Cassava peel waste contains starch that can form a thin film but has poor mechanical properties. Therefore, it is necessary to include additional substances to enhance its strength. Carrageenan is a substance that can improve bioplastic mechanical properties. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bioplastic made from cassava peel waste starch and carrageenan formulation. Nine formulations were tested in this study using the randomized complete block design factorial with the two factors of cassava peel starch (S) and carrageenan (C) concentrations, both at three levels and carried out under three replications. Bioplastics characteristics are observed in thickness, swelling, biodegradation, tensile strength, elongation, and elasticity. The formulation S2C1 (starch 20%; carrageenan 5%) produced the bioplastic with the best mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 1.1 MPa, elongation of 1.33%, and elasticity of 0.87. Meanwhile, the formulation S3C1 (starch 30%; carrageenan 5%) had the best results for swelling, thickness, and biodegradability, with a swelling value of 57.79%, thickness of 0.36mm, and 11-day biodegradability.

Keywords: bioplastic, carrageenan, cassava peel, formulation, starch
Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Curcuma domestica Val. Extract with Tetracycline Against Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Nasution Halimah Raina , Yuandani Yuandani , Septama Abdi Wira , Nugraha Sony Eka , Sufitni Sufitni , Khairunnisa Nur Aini 
Published: April 2024

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are on the rise globally. MDR is facilitated by overexpression of efflux pump and permeability changes of membrane. Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogenic germ that causes a major problem in infection, also, there has been an increase in the incidence of resistance to various antibiotics. The present study highlights the synergistic of ethanolic extract of Curcuma domestica (EECD) rhizome with tetracycline against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDR-Ab). Assessment of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined by microdilution using 96-well plates. The synergistic effect of EECD and tetracycline was determined by checkerboard method. The effect of EECD and tetracycline combination was investigated by bacteriolytic activity and inhibition of efflux pump by Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) accumulation assay. EECD presented the MIC value 250 µg/mL against MDR-Ab. Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) value of EECD and tetracycline combination was 0.4, which showed their synergistic effect. Additionally, the combination of EECD and tetracycline could inhibit the efflux pump in MDR-Ab. This combination can also compromise cell integrity by altering membrane permeability thus lysing the bacteria cells. According to these results, EECD and tetracycline combination has synergistic effects at some sites of action, and thus could be used as a breakthrough to overcome infection problems due to MDR-Ab.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, antibacterial, Curcuma domestica, multidrug-resistant, tetracycline
Metabolite Profiles of Sukabumi Arabica Green Coffee Beans Evaluated by 1H NMR-Based Metabolomics
Authors: Hamdani Ahmad , Happyana Nizar 
Published: April 2024

Although Sukabumi arabica coffee is one of the famous coffees in Indonesia, however its chemical information is still limited in the literature. In this work, the metabolite profiles of arabica green coffee beans obtained from various plantations in Sukabumi, including Ciayunan, Pondok Halimun, and Selabintana were evaluated by 1H NMR-based metabolomics. In total, 19 metabolites were successfully identified, including the major and minor metabolites of the coffee. The score plot of the OPLS-DA (Orthogonal Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis) model was successful in classifying the metabolite profiles of the coffees based on their origins. The loading plot analysis showed that the signals belonging to fatty acids, sucrose, trigonelline, chlorogenic acid, lactic acid, and quinic acid, contributed to the classification. S-plot analysis revealed that Selabintana coffee was characterized with higher concentrations of trigonelline and sucrose, whereas Ciayunan sample had higher levels of fatty acids. Meanwhile, the metabolite profile of Pondok Halimun coffee demonstrated an intermediate characteristic between the Ciayunan and Selabintana samples. This work provided valuable scientific information for coffee development especially in West Java and generally in Indonesia.

Keywords: metabolomics, multivariate data analysis, NMR, Sukabumi arabica green coffee beans.
Antimalarial Activity of Mangrove Plants and Possible Mechanisms of Action: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rizki Andita Fitri Mutiara , Azmi Wihda Aisarul , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Louisa Melva , Artika I Made , Siregar Josephine Elizabeth 
Published: April 2024

Malaria is one of life threatening-infectious diseases with high mortality rate in African regions. Malaria is also one of public health problem in most of Southeast Asia (SEA) regions. This disease is caused by a Apicomplexan parasite; Plasmodium sp., which can be transmitted from humans to humans via Anopheles sp. To date, the need of a new antimalarial drug is still high, due to the rapid increase of drug resistance. Natural-derived drug candidates are still being used by researchers to develop new antimalarials. One of the natural resources which could potentially be a source of antimalarial agents are mangrove plants. Traditionally, mangrove plants have been employed as antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to identify, evaluate and summarize findings of newly found antimalarial drug activity from mangrove plants and elaborate the possible mechanism of actions in killing the parasites. From several databases, we found six mangrove species which have been suggested as potential antimalarial sources. Various phytochemical compounds in extracts made from those plants were revealed to exert antimalarial activity. These include alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, triterpenes, glycosides, and anthraquinones which were indicated to have antimalarial activity against Plasmodium. From eight studies investigating mangrove plant extracts, no toxic effects were shown. Therefore, considering the available evidences, we suggested that mangrove plants can be used as a source for the discovery of antimalarial compounds with promising activities against Plasmodium sp. However, deeper understanding on the exact mechanisms of their actions still requires further elucidation.

Keywords: Antimalaria, Anthraquinone, Mangrove, Plasmodium sp., Protozoa
Chitinase Enzyme-Producing Endophytic Bacterias From the Roots of the Plant Gembolo (Dioscorea bulbifera): Isolation, Characterization and its Potential as an Antifungal Agent
Authors: Yunita Vivi Alfi , Natsir Hasnah , Ahmad Ahyar , Baharuddin Maswati 
Published: April 2024

Chitinase is an enzyme of the chitinolytic group that has many roles in agriculture, especially as an antifungal, because chitin is one of the constituent components of the fungal cell wall. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria from gembolo (Dioscorea bulbifera) roots and to characterize the chitinase enzyme from these endophytic bacteria to be used as an antifungal. Isolation and identification of gembolo plant root endophytic bacteria using PCR method of 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Characterization of the chitinase enzyme produced includes determining of optimum pH, temperature, and substrate UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antagonistic test of the chitinase enzyme and endophytic bacterial isolates (isolate K4) Fusarium oxysporum. The results showed that bacterial isolate K4 had with chitinolytic index of 2.45 mm. Electrophoresis results with PCR 16s rRNA gene; the length of the amplified fragment is the position of 1300 bp. By doing the BLAST process in GenBank, the bacterial isolate has 97.93% similarity with Enterobacter cloacae. Then, this endophytic bacteria is called Enterobacter cloacae K4-G. This bacterium produced chitinase enzyme reaching maximum chitinase activity at the 38 hours with an activity of 0.0312 U/mL. The chitinase characterization results of E. cloacae K4-G showed that the optimum conditions were reached at at pH 6, temperature 45 ᵒC, and 2.5% substrate with a chitinase activity value of 0.2467 U/mL. Chitinase enzyme and bacteria Enterobacter cloacae K4-G can inhibit the growth of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Therefore, Chitinase from Enterobacter cloacae K4-G can be used as an antifungal pathogen in plants.

Keywords: Chitinase, endophytic bacteria, Enterobacter cloacae
Adsorption of Methylene Blue using the Biosorbent of Coconut Fiber Activated by Nitric Acid
Authors: Baunsele Anselmus Boy , Kopon Aloisius Masan , Boelan Erly Grizca , Leba Maria A. U. , Komisia Faderina , Tukan Maria B. , Taek Maximus M. , Tukan Gerardus D. , Missa Hildegardis , Siswanta Dwi , Naat Johnson N. , Rahayu Rahayu 
Published: April 2024

The textile industry in the world keeps increasing, but it harms environmental pollution caused by textile dye waste. Synthetic dyes contain carcinogenic and mutagenic ingredients that can demage the environment and aquatic biota. The alternative to handling dye pollution with a low-cost method is adsorption using nitric acid-activated coconut fiber. Coconut fiber was an abundant agricultural waste and economical, and it had an active site that contained many compounds such as cellulose, lignin, pyroligneous acid, and tannin molecules. This study used the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analysis method to determine the effect of pH, contact time, and coconut fiber on the adsorption capacity of methylene blue. The result showed that the optimal conditions for adsorption were a pH of 5, a contact time of 75 minutes, and a percentage adsorption of the variation of contact time of 99.628%. The adsorption study was according to a pseudo-second-order reaction with a constant reaction rate of 0.050 g mg-1 minute-1. The maximum adsorption capacity was 2 mg g-1, with the percentage of methylene blue adsorbed at 99.84%. Adsorption occurs chemically with an energy of 35.4 kJ mol-1, so it can be determined that it occurs with a monolayer mechanism.

Keywords: Adsorption, biosorbent, isothermal, kinetic, methylene blue
Performance Evaluation of a National 7-Day Ensemble Streamflow Forecast Service for Australia
Authors: Bari Mohammed Abdul , Hasan Mohammad Mahadi , Amirthanathan Gnanathikkam Emmanual , Hapuarachchi Hapu Arachchige Prasantha , Kabir Aynul , Cornish Alex Daniel , Sunter Sunter , Feikema Paul Martinus 
Published: March 2024

The Australian Bureau of Meteorology offers a national operational 7-day ensemble streamflow forecast service covering regions of high environmental, economic and social significance. This semi-automated service generates streamflow forecasts every morning and is seamlessly integrated into the Bureau&#039;s Hydrologic Forecasting System (HyFS). Ensemble rainfall forecasts, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and Poor Man&#039;s Ensemble (PME), available in the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) suite, are used to generate these streamflow forecasts. The NWP rainfall undergoes pre-processing using the Catchment Hydrologic Pre-Processer (CHyPP) before being fed into the GR4H rainfall-runoff model, which is embedded in the Short-term Water Information Forecasting Tools (SWIFT) hydrological modelling package. The simulated streamflow is then post-processed using the Error Representation and Reduction In Stages (ERRIS). We evaluated the performance of the operational rainfall and streamflow forecasts for 96 catchments using four years of operational data between January 2020 and December 2023. Performance evaluation metrics included CRPS, relative CRPS, CRPSS, and PIT-Alpha for ensemble forecasts and NSE, PCC, MAE, KGE, PBias and RMSE and three categorical metrics CSI, FAR and POD for deterministic forecasts. The skill scores CRPS, relative CRPS, CRPSS and PIT-Alpha, gradually decreased for both rainfall and streamflow as the forecast horizon increased from Day 1 to Day 7. A similar pattern emerged for NSE, KGE, PCC, MAE and RMSE as well as the categorical metrics. Forecast performance also progressively decreased with the higher streamflow regime. Most catchments showed positive performance skills, meaning the ensemble forecast outperformed climatology. Both streamflow and rainfall forecast skills varied spatially across the country – and were generally better in the high runoff generating catchments, and poorer in the drier catchments situated in the western part of the Great Dividing Range, South Australia and mid-west of Western Australia. We did not find any association between model forecast skill and the catchment area. Our findings demonstrate that the 7-day ensemble streamflow forecasting service is robust and draws great confidence from agencies that use these forecasts to support decisions around water resources management.
Penderitaan yang tercermin dalam cerita pendek Le Vagabond karya Guy de Maupassant
Authors: Rachmah Kartika Dwi , Dewi Evi Rosyani 
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang mendalam tentang la souffrance/penderitaan dalam cerita pendek Le Vagabond karya Guy de Maupassant dan keterkaitannya dengan pendidikan dan pembelajaran bahasa Prancis. Kategori ciri-ciri La souffrance/penderitaan dalam penelitian ini mengacu pada teori Stettbacher yang menyatakan bahwa penderitaan didasarkan pada empat ciri-ciri penderitaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis struktural-semiotik. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa cerita pendek Le Vagabond menunjukkan ciri-ciri penderitaan yang diketahui memuat ciri la tristesse (kesedihan), ciri la difficulté dans la vie (kesulitan dalam hidup), ciri l’anxiété (kecemasan) dan ciri le désespoir (keputusasaan).
Pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Android dalam keterampilan membaca pada siswa kelas X SMA Fransiskus 2 Jakarta
Authors: Irene Ivon Afiani  , Ratna  , Andika Yunilis 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis android keterampilan membaca bahasa Prancis kelas X di SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model penelitian ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu analysis (analisis), development (pengembangan), implementation (implementasi), dan evaluation (evaluasi). Namun, dalam penelitian ini hanya dibatasi sampai tahap ketiga yaitu tahap development (pengembangan). Media pembelajaran dikembangkan berdasarkan materi keterampilan membaca siswa kelas X. Dari hasil pengembangan tersebut terciptalah sebuah aplikasi android yang dapat diakses melalui smartphone.
Media pembelajaran tersebut dinamakan “Languese” yang terdiri dari menu tujuan dan KD, petunjuk penggunaan, vidéo, leçon, quiz, profil dan références. Media pembelajaraan ini telah melalui validasi oleh ahli media dan materi dengan mendapatkan nilai sebesar 93,75% dan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat layak untuk diterapkan ke dalam pembelajaran dan layak untuk uji coba setelah melalui proses revisi. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai media alternatif pembelajaran yang dapat diakses dengan mudah kapan dan dimana saja untuk siswa.