bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cigarette smoking, blast crisis, and survival in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Herr Ray , Ferguson Jan , Myers Nicole , Rovira Douglas , Robinson William A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe reviewed the records of all patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) seen in the CML Clinic of the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center between 1968 and 1987 for a history of cigarette smoking. Patients who smoked for five or more pack/years within the ten years preceding, or after the diagnosis of CML, were defined as smokers. Adequate smoking histories were obtained on 122 patients. Eighty‐seven of these were non‐smokers and 35 were smokers by the above criteria. The smoking group had a higher predominance of males, an older median age, and were diagnosed earlier in the course of the 20 year study. Seventy‐two patients had died at the time of analysis. All but one, a non‐smoker, died from the development of blast crisis. The overall median actuarial survival was significantly reduced for smokers (35 months) as compared to non‐smokers (47 months). This was particularly striking for patients who had succumbed to the disease, with a median survival of 30 months in smokers versus 46 months in non‐smokers. Although various explanations could explain the differences noted, we conclude that cigarette smoking has an adverse effect on the development of blast crisis and survival in chronic myeloid leukemia.
Rapid reduction of methemoglobin in rat bone marrow erythroid cells
Authors: Yubisui Toshitsugu , Takeshita Masazumi , Hultquist Donald E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMethemoglobin reduction was shown to proceed much more rapidly in erythroid cells from rat bone marrow than in rat erythrocytes. Methemoglobin reduction in suspensions of intact, nitrite‐treated bone marrow cells does not depend on the presence of glucose in the incubation mixture, even after the cells have been stored in substrate‐free medium. 2‐Deoxyglucose and iodoacetate prevent the reduction from proceeding to completion. The results suggest that, relative to erythrocytes, immature erythroid cells more efficiently catalyze methemoglobin reduction and more effectively store metabolites which provide electrons for this reaction.
Effect of novel 1‐alkyl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methylpyrid‐4‐one chelators on uptake and release of iron from macrophages
Authors: Brock Jeremy H. , Licéaga Joan , Arthur Helen M. L. , Kontoghiorghes George J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of several iron chelators on iron uptake and release by mouse peritoneal macrophages has been investigated. The 1,2‐dimethyl (L1) and 1‐ethyl‐2‐methyl (L1NEt) derivatives of 3‐hydroxypyrid‐4‐one markedly enhanced iron mobilisation from macrophages pulsed with 59Fe‐transferrin‐antitransferrin immune complexes and were more effective than desferrioxamine, maltol, or mimosine. Release increased with increasing chelator concentration. None of the chelators donated significant amounts of iron to macrophages, and none showed any cytotoxic effect. The synthetic α‐ketohydroxypyridine chelators may therefore be active in removing iron from the reticuloendothelial system as well as from hepatocytes, and indeed may be superior to desferrioxamine.
Myelodysplastic syndromes: A study of surface markers and in vitro growth patterns
Authors: Guyotat Denis , Campos Lydia , Thomas Xavier , Vila Liliana , Shi Zhi‐Hua , Charrin Christiane , Gentilhomme Odile , Fiere Denis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of surface markers and in vitro growth in semi‐solid and liquid medium was performed in 35 patients with newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Surface markers were studied by CD34, CD13, CD14, CD15, and CD33 monoclonal antibodies. There was no strict correlation with the FAB typing, but CD34 was expressed only in refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) or RAEB in transformation (RAEB‐t). CD14 was markedly positive in the 4 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Colony‐forming cells were assessed by culture in semi‐solid medium in the presence of HTB9 as growth factor. Four growth patterns were identified: a) normal growth (6 cases); b) no growth or low plating efficiency (10 cases); c) low colony and high cluster number (15 cases); and d) normal or high colony number with high number of clusters (4 cases). Expression of CD34 was associated with low colony and high cluster number. Finally we studied the proliferation and differentiation capacities in liquid culture without stimulating factor. Fifteen patients had a spontaneous proliferation. This was not correlated with any surface marker. Differentiation assessed by the loss of CD34 and/or the increase of CD15 by more than 20% at day 7 was observed in 21 cases. None of the surface markers or growth patterns was associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality, except the lack of growth in liquid culture observed in all 5q deletion cases. In univariate analysis, RAEB and RAEB‐t FAB subtypes, percentage of blasts higher than 5%, staining by CD33 and CD34, and lack of differentiation in liquid culture were significantly associated with progression to leukemia and shorter survival. In multivariate analysis, only CD34 expression (P = .002) and percentage of blasts (P = .05) remained independent significant variables. CD34 was the only significant variable for prediction of survival (P = .05). It is concluded that surface marker analysis at diagnosis and after liquid culture may be a useful tool for the initial evaluation of MDS.
Leukemic transformation in polycythemia vera: Analysis of risk factors
Authors: Nand Sucha , Messmore Harry , Fisher Susan Gross , Bird Mary Lourdes , Schulz William , Fisher Richard I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐eight patients with polycythemia vera (PV) were retrospectively studied for incidence of acute leukemia over a 12 year period. Initial clinical features, hemogram, RBC mass, B12 levels, neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP), and therapy given were studied for association with development of acute leukemia. There were 25 males and mean age at diagnosis was 61.4 years. Initial Hg was 18.38 ± 1.86 g/dl, WBC 16.44 ± 12.92 (× 1,000/mm3), platelets 632.94 ± 303.81 (×1,000/mm3), B12 1,030.93 ± 445.20 pg/ml, and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) score 136.63 ± 55.14. Twenty‐three patients were treated with phlebotomy alone and 25 received additional myelosuppressive therapy as follows—2 received p32 alone, 4 alkylating agents alone, 8 hydroxyurea (HU) alone, and 11 received 2 or more (multiple) of these agents. None of those treated with phlebotomy alone but 6 of 25 (24%) patients given myelosuppressive therapy developed acute leukemia (P = .03) after a mean period of 46.8 months from start of myelosuppressive therapy. Four of the 11 patients (36%) receiving multiple agent therapy developed acute leukemia (P = .019). Initial hemoglobin levels, but not the other clinical parameters, were significantly higher in patients who developed acute leukemia (P = .002), and this difference persisted in various subgroups receiving myelosuppressive therapy. Thus, high initial hemoglobin and use of any myelosuppressive therapy are associated with an increased risk of leukemic transformation in polycythemia vera. This risk becomes substantial with the use of two or more myelosuppressive agents. Since myelosuppressive therapy does not prolong survival, its role in the management of polycythemia vera should be reexamined.
5′ nucleotidase in chronic b cell leukemias: A cytochemical and ultrastructural study
Authors: Invernizzi Rosangela , de Fazio Pasqualina , Fenoglio Carla , Ippoliti Giovanbattista , Zambelli Luisa M. , Razzano Monica , Ascari Edoardo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied by cytochemical means the distribution of 5′ nucleotidase (5′ NT), a purine degradative enzyme, in the circulating lymphocytes of 24 healthy donors and 41 cases of chronic lymphoid leukemias, classified according to morphological and immunological criteria. About half the normal circulating lymphocytes were 5′ NT positive and exhibited variable degrees of enzyme activity. Among chronic B lymphocytic leukemias we found high percentages of positive cells only in the phenotypically more mature cases. Moreover all cases of hairy cell, follicular cell, lymphoplasmacytic, and plasma cell leukemia showed moderate or weak 5′ NT reactivity. Also one case of chronic T lymphocytic leukemia, CD8 positive, was moderately positive, while another, with large granular lymphocyte morphology, was completely negative. Electron microscopy revealed a discontinuous, granular plasma membrane reaction pattern, varying in intensity from case to case. In conclusion, our results confirm the usefulness of the 5′ NT cytochemical reaction for identification of lymphoid populations at different stages of maturation in chronic B cell disorders.
Recurrent spleen enlargement during cyclic granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Delmer A. , Karmochkine M. , Cadiou M. , Gerhartz H. , Zittoun R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 65‐year‐old woman with refractory anemia with excess of blasts received sequential courses of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor therapy (GM‐CSF) and low‐dose cytosine arabinoside. Each course of GM‐CSF induced a rapid and tremendous increase in leukocyte count as well as in spleen size, 111indium chloride scanning suggested a myeloid metaplasia of the spleen. This observation suggests that in some patients the granulopoietic response to the myeloid growth factor stimulation may be predominant in the spleen.
Diagnosis of cobalamin deficiency: II. Relative sensitivities of serum cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and total homocysteine concentrations
Authors: Lindenbaum John , Savage David G. , Stabler Sally P. , Allen Robert H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe serum cobalamin level has been generally considered to be essentially 100% sensitive in the detection of the clinical disorders caused by cobalamin deficiency. We tested this hypothesis in two groups of patients. In patients with pernicious anemia or previous gastrectomy who received less than monthly maintenance therapy, early hematologic relapse was associated with elevation of the serum methylmalonic acid, total homocysteine, or both metabolites in 95% of instances, although the serum cobalamin was low in only 69%. In the absence of hematologic relapse, the methylmalonic acid was abnormal more than twice as frequently as the serum cobalamin. We also reviewed the records of 419 consecutive patients with recognized clinically significant cobalamin deficiency. Twelve patients were identified in whom deficiency was clearly present although the serum cobalamin was greater than 200 pg/ml. Anemia was usually absent or mild, but 5 had prominent neurological involvement that subsequently responded to cobalamin. Both the serum methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine were increased in each patient. The serum cobalamin was normal in 9 (5.2%) of 173 patients with recognized cobalamin deficiency seen in the last 5 years. Antibiotic treatment lowered the serum methylmalonic acid but not the total homocysteine level in two cobalamin‐deficient patients, suggesting that propionic acid generated by the anaerobic gut flora may be a precursor of methylmalonic acid in deficient patients. We conclude that the serum cobalamin is normal in a significant minority of patients with cobalamin deficiency and that the measurement of serum metabolite concentrations facilitates the identification of such patients.
Methylmalonic aciduria due to a new defect in adenosylcobalamin accumulation by cells
Authors: Cooper Bernard A. , Rosenblatt David S. , Watkins David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA child with methylmalonic aciduria due to failure to accumulate adocbl in mitochondria has a phenotype similar to cblA disease. Deficient utilization of labeled propionate by his fibroblasts is corrected by their fusion with those from cblA patients, indicating that he belongs to a different complementation class and probably is deficient in a different gene product. The defect appears not to be due to reduced affinity of enzymes for adocbl, or for ATP, and the minimal thiol required for adocbl synthesis is not different from that of extracts of normal cells.
Further characterization of prolymphocytic leukemia cells as a tumor of activated B cells
Authors: Berrebi Alain , Bassous‐Guedj Lucette , Vorst Eljakim , Dagan Shlomo , Shtalrid Mordechai , Freedman Arnold 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood mononuclear cells from 24 patients with prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) were isolated using a Ficoll‐Hypaque gradient and stained by indirect immunofluorescence using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies against B cell restricted and associated antigens, including HLA DR (la), CD19, CD21 (C3dR) surface membrane immunoglobulin (Slg), CD10 (CALLA), C3b, B5, CD25 (TAC), PCA1, T9, and T10. The cells were also tested for the FMC7, defined previously on PLL cells and the RAB1, a newly described hairy cell leukemia antigen. Thirteen out of the 24 samples expressed with variable intensity all the above antigens.While la, CD19, CD20, FMC7, and RAB1 were strongly or moderately expressed in all, the complement receptors (CD21 and C3b) were only weakly expressed in 12 cases; and the activation antigens B5, TAC, T9, T10, and PCA1 were found with variable intensity in two‐thirds of the cases. In 50% of the cases tested, the CD5 antigen (usually strongly expressed on B CLL cells) was weakly to moderately expressed. These findings (absence or weak expression of complement receptors with variable expression of activation antigens) suggest that the PLL cells are activated B cells. When stimulated in vitro by anti‐mu and TPA, (phorbol ester) tumor cells showed a decrease in CD21 and Slg and a stronger expression of CD25, T9, T10, and PCA1, with evidence of lg secretion in four out of the seven cases studied. This confirms that the PLL cells arrested at an advanced stage of differentiation progressed narrowly to more differentiated cells. In view of our findings, we believe that the term prolymphocytic leukemia is inaccurate to define the stage of cell differentiation, and we suggest calling the disease preplasmacytic leukemia.
Acute leukemia evolving from multiple myeloma and co‐expressing myeloid and plasma cell antigens
Authors: Stewart A. K. , Freedman J. , Garvey M. B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the development of acute myeloblastic leukemia in a patient after long‐term alkylator therapy for multiple myeloma. Despite chromosome deletions −5, −7, the patient lacked the histochemistry and clinical findings characteristic of therapy‐induced leukemia. In double‐labeled surface marker studies by flow cytometry, the leukemic blast cells co‐expressed myeloid and plasma cell surface markers. The findings may support the hypothesis of a single stem cell abnormality's being responsible for both the malignant plasma cells and the myeloid leukemic cells.
Level and composition of fetal hemoglobin expression in normal newborn babies are not dependent on β cluster DNA haplotype
Authors: Rochette Jacques , Dodé Catherine , Leturcq France , Krishnamoorthy Rajagopal 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInterindividual variations in the level and composition of fetal hemoglobin observed in 604 cord blood samples from normal white and nonwhite newborns, unlike those in adults, are not dependent on β gene cluster DNA haplotype. The data suggest that the mechanism(s) involved in the neonatal expression of Hb F is distinct from that at the adult stage.
CD4+ and CD56+ acute monoblastic leukemia
Authors: Tauchi Tetsuzo , Ohyashiki Kazuma , Ohyashiki Junko H. , Kawanishi Yoshikazu , Kimura Yukihiko , Saito Midori , Nakazawa Shinpei , Kawai Yoshikazu , Toyama Keisuke 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report here a patient with acute monoblastic leukemia whose leukemia cells had CD4 (T4) and CD56 (NKH‐1) antigens, in addition to CD36 (OKM5) antigen. The leukemia cells did not have NK or ADCC activities. They showed no rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) chain and T cell receptor (TCR)‐beta chain genes, indicating that the leukemia cells were nonlymphoid. The presence of this case suggests that leukemia cells could be orginated from monocytes with NK‐associated antigen without IgH or TCR rearrangements.
Variation in the level of fetal hemoglobin in (δβ)°‐thalassemia heterozygotes with different numbers of α‐globin genes
Authors: Öner C. , Gurgey A. , Altay C. , Kutlar F. , Huisman T. H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Sicilian type of (αβ)°‐thalassemia characterized by a ˜13 kb deletion, was present in a Turkish boy who is a homozygote and in his heterozygous parents who are first cousins. The father with ˜21% Hb F had five α‐globin genes (αα/ααα) and the mother with ˜10% Hb F had an α‐thal‐2 heterozygosity (αα/‐α). The difference in Hb F level is explained by a decreased formation of α2γ2 tetramers in the mother with an α‐chain deficiency while the extra α‐globin gene in the father will promote Hb F production.
Target cell of leukemic transformation in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Authors: Koike Tadashi , Urushiyama Masaru , Narita Miwako , Saitoh Hiroshi , Ishida Fumihiro , Imashuku Shinsaku , Morioka Yoshihito , Utsumi Jiroh , Ishizuka Toshie , Tsuruta Toshihisa , Takeuchi Yutaka , Kashimura Makoto , Shibata Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAcute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMkL) is a newly defined acute leukemia in which the differentiation of proliferating blasts is arrested at the megakaryocytic precursor stage. In order to clarify whether a target cell of leukemic transformation in AMkL is a cell committed to megakaryocytic lineage, or a multipotential stem cell, we examined AMkL patients with regard to: a) the presence of myelodyplastic features in residual erythroid and granulocytic cells, b) coexistence of myeloperoxidase (MPO)‐positive blasts with megakaryoblasts, and c) the presence of the same chromosomal abnormality in erythroid and granuloid colony‐forming cells as seen in megakaryoblasts. Regarding the former two items, results were compared with those from megakaryoblastic crisis of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML‐MkBC) and transient myeloproliferative disorder in Down syndrome (DS‐TMD), which are thought to be multipotential stem cell disorders. Among 18 patients with AMkL, three, all complicating myelofibrosis, had marked myelodysplastic changes of erythroid series and/or granulocytic series. In 4 out of 7 patients with CML‐MkBC, 5 out of 8 patients with DS‐TMD, and 7 out of 18 patients with AMkL, MPO‐positive blasts, even though rare, were observed in addition to PPO‐positive blasts. All except one of these patients with AMkL also showed complicating myelofibrosis. In one case of AMkL with myelofibrosis, chromosomal analysis of cultured cells of individual colonies revealed that all the analysable metaphases from both CFU‐GM and BFU‐E had the same chromosomal abnormality as megakaryoblasts. This study has clarified that a considerable proportion of AMkL cases, particularly those with complicating myelofibrosis or showing acute myelofibrosis, arise against the background of a multipotential stem cell disorder, even if blasts are exclusively megakaryocytic in phenotype.
Relationship of partially purified factor concentrates to immune tests and AIDS
Authors: Jason Janine , Holman Robert C. , Evatt Group Bruce L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe evaluated those members of a cohort of 203 hemophilic men providing all necessary information at their 1984 and 1985 evaluations, to determine whether non‐heated or < 80°C dry heat‐treated partially purified factor products were associated with 1) the development of AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected persons or 2) abnormal immune test results in participants seroconverting or remaining HIV seronegative. We found no relationship between type of factor (VIII vs. IX) (n = 162), frequency of usage (≧once a week vs. < once a week) (n = 141), or yearly doses of non‐heated or dry heat‐treated partially purified factor (n = 118) and the development of AIDS. Seroconverting participants using partially purified factor products ≧once a week in 1984 had lower T‐helper cell numbers in 1985 than those receiving factor less frequently (median 515 vs. 772/mm3, n = 9), as did those using factor ≧once a week in 1985 (median 515 vs. 726/mm3, n = 10). A similar relation was seen between 1984 frequency and 1985 T‐helper cell numbers of seronegative participants (median 741 vs. 1037/mm3, n = 31). The yearly dose of heat‐treated products was not associated with any immune test result or changes in results between years. These findings suggested that frequency of administration of partially purified factor materials may have had an effect upon the immune system, but that total yearly dose did not. Previously used partly purified, dry heat‐treated factor concentrates were not associated with the development of AIDS.
Specific identification of fibrin(ogen) degradation products in plasma and serum using blotting and peroxidase labeled antiserum
Authors: Proietti Anna B. , McGuire Maura , Bell William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a method for identifying fibrinogen and fibrin split products using electrophoresis on agarose gel with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) followed by blotting in nitrocellulose paper. Detection of these derivatives after blotting is accomplished with per‐oxidase‐conjugated rather than by isotopically labeled antibodies. This technique can detect diverse fibrinogen derivatives produced in vivo or in vitro by the combined action of thrombin, plasmin, and factor XIII. This methodology is applicable to plasma, serum, and other body fluids including urine and ascitic fluid. This sensitive and specific assay, distinguishing the products of cross‐linked fibrin from those of fibrinogen and detecting fibrin polymers in plasma, can be achieved without the use of radioactivity.
Idiopathic myelofibrosis: A clinical study of 80 patients
Authors: Hasselbalch Hans 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 122 consecutive patients with bone marrow fibrosis initially referred or categorized as idiopathic myelofibrosis is described. After a clinical and pathological review 14 patients were classified as postpolycythaemic myelofibrosis and 7 patients as a transitional myeloproliferative disorder. In 13 patients a diagnosis of hairy cell leukaemia was made, 3 patients had malignant tymphoma, 2 had malignant histiocytosis, and 1 patient had systemic lupus erythematosus with myelofibrosis. Two patients were excluded for further analysis owing to insufficient data.In the remaining 80 patients a diagnosis of idiopathic myelofibrosis was made. The clinical and laboratory findings in this series of patients are presented and compared to those in previous series. Infectious, cardiovascular, thromboembolic, and haemorrhagic complications were frequent, being recorded in 63%, 50%, 40%, and 33% of the patients, respectively. Various autoimmune phenomena were found in a proportion of the patients, but none had clinical evidence of connective tissue disease. Fifteen patients (19%) had a syndrome of acute myelofibrosis. The diagnostic criteria for this disease entity and its place within the spectrum of myeloproliferative disorders are discussed. In the present series acute myelofibrosis was found to encompass various transitional stages toward the evolution of acute leukaemia. It is proposed that acute or malignant myelofibrosis is considered as an acute variant of idiopathic myelofibrosis. Within this syndrome the acute variant seems to be far more common than previously recognized, which may also explain the marked clinical heterogeneity of the myelofibrosis/osteomyelosclerosis syndrome in this and most previous series.