bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation of a Small Amount of Titanium from Iron by Ion-Exchange Resin
Authors: Yoshino Yukichi , Kojima Masuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Separation of a small amount of titanium from iron with cation exchange resin was studied using alkali cyanide solution as eluting agent of iron. Successful results were obtained even in case of high iron concentration. This method enables us to remove the interfering effect of the iron on titanium colorimetry with hydrogen peroxide.
As an examle of practical application, this method was tried in determining the titanium content of a limonite. The result agreed with that of the ordinary method of separation.
Viscosities of the Solutions of Polyvinyl Acetate in Acetone-Water Mixtures
Authors: Yoshioka Koshiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Viscosities of the dilute solutions of polyvinyl acetate have been measured in acetone-water mixtures of varying proportions. The experimental results are well expressed by the following equation η_sp/c=[η]+k[η]^2c. The intrinsic viscosity ([η]) shows a slight maximum at about 5% of water content, and decreases gradually for larger content of water. The value of k is close upon 0.4 and does not vary appreciably.
Fluorometric Microdetermination of Uranium. I. Fluorescent Material for the Determination
Authors: Nakanishi Masaki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
As the most sensitive method for the determination of uranium, the fluorescence method is recommended. Fluorescent material of sodium fluoride containing a small amount of uranium (10−4 to 109g. per 20 mg. of sodium fluoride) was investigated in this paper from several sides.
Relation between fluorescence intensity and uranium content is described, and the fluorescence band spectrum was studied by speetrophotometry, regarding its spectral energy distribution.
Various interfering factors to this method were examined too, especially as to its analytical application.
Electronic Interpretation of Organic Reaction Mechanism. VII. Reactions and Structures of Organic Halides in Replacement Reactions
Authors: Murakami Masuo , Oae Shigeru , Takeuchi Sei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) It was observed in the reaction of organic chloride with silver nitrate that the irregular catalytic action can be avoided by carrying experiments in a dark room.
(2) Silver nitrate was interacted with several organic chlorides which were highly reactive in SN2 type reaction and the kinetic data obtained were fully discussed.
(3) Some organic polychlorides were reacted with silver nitrate and with potassium iodide and rates obtained in these reactions were discussed.
Amperometric Titration of Potassium with Sodium Dipicrylaminate
Authors: Yasumori Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the amperometric titration of potassium with dipicrylaminate, the end-point located by the theory of Langer et al. showed satisfactory results. The accuracy was within 1 mg. with more than 30 mg. K. In presence of 350 mg. Na, or aluminate and precipitate of ferric hydroxide the titration was not affected.
On the Etched Surfaces of Nickel Single Crystals Revealed by Means of Electron Diffraction and Microscopy
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigeto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) It was possible to assign the crystallographic indices to the etched surfaces of single crystals by the combination of electron microscopy and diffraction.
(2) The (110) plane of nickel crystal was most active and the (111) plane was most inactive among the principal planes of crystal.
Effect of Gelatin on the Polarographic Waves of p- and o-Nitroanilines
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Kobayashi Masako 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of gelatin on the polarographic waves of p- and o-nitroanilines has been investigated,
(1) Maxima of the polarographic waves of these compounds which occur in the supporting electrolyte without gelatin were supressed by adding 0.005-0.01% of gelatin to the supporting electrolyte.
(2) The wave of each of these compounds splitted into two waves when the supporting electrolyte contained more than 0.01% of gelatin.
(3) The ratio of the wave heights of the second wave to the first increased with increasing concentration of gelatin, and it was different between p- and o-compounds in the supporting electrolyte containing the same concentration of gelatin.
(4) The wave heights of the first and the second waves of each compound were proportional to the concentration.
(5) These double waves were applied to the simultaneous determination of both compounds, with the result that the procedure was available for rough estimation of content.
Magnetic Property and Resonance Character of Cycloöctatetraene (C8H8)
Authors: Shida Shoji , Fujii Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
We have obtained −53.9×10−6 at 30° as the molecular diamagnetic susceptibility of purified cycloöctatetraene, and its temperature dependence exceeding 0.5 percent over the temperature range 30° to 80° has not been detected. The diamagnetic anisotropy of this molecule has been estimated −12.6×10−6 per mole on some assumptions, and the resonanceenergy 2.9 kcal. per mole from the thermal data.
The relationship between the small anisotropy and the weak resonance character of this molecule has been discussed and explained qualitalively on the basis of the quantum mechanical considerations. Langevin’s theory and the original procedure of London’s method have been found to be unsuitable for the explanation of this small anisotropy.
On the Action of Carriers in the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Acetylene by Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Tamaru Kenzi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Aceytlene was hydrogenated by palladium deposited on such carriers as carbon black, active carbon (Merck), Japanese acid clay, French chalk, silica gel, granular active carbon, and quartz sand, and the functions of the carriers were considered for individual cases.
The catalysts deposited on the first four carriers catalyzed the hydrogenation in two distinct steps at 30° in the same manner as alumina and kieselguhr, that is, hydrogenation and polymerization of acetylene proceeded in the first step and then ethylene was reduced to ethane in the second step, showing a pronounced self-retardation of acetylene. It was suggested that the kind of carriers has connection with the appearance of various “active regions” with different ratios.
When the granular active carbon was used as a carrier, the hydrogenations of acetylene and ethylene proceeded not in two steps, but simultaneously. This phenomenon was explained by the slow diffusion velocity of acetylene into the inner part of the granule. Powdering the catalyst, the reflection point appeared in the hydrogenation curve and the curve was very similar to that of silica gel, suggesting a similar mechanism of the reaction.
When the quartz sand was used as a carrier, the hydrogenations of the two hydrocarbons occurred at the same time. This is explained by the retardation of the adsorption rate of acetylene by the deposited polymers to such an extent as the adsorption rate becomes to be rate-determining.
It was shown, therefore, that the granular active carbon and quartz sand are not to be used in practice for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene.
Studies on Monomolecular Films. IV. Stabilization of Monoparticle Films of Nonpolar Substances by Stearic Acid
Authors: Matuura Ryôhei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It was shown that stable surface films of nonpolar substances could often be formed on water by mixing them with stearic acid, and that in the resulting mixed films the nonpolar substance existed in the state of rather stable unit of particles, forming monoparticle films. The dimension of the surface particles could be calculated for some nonpolar substances. The mechanism of the film-stabilizing action of stearic acid was discussed and it was suggested that the different film-stabilizing substances would stabilize the film of nonopolar substance in a different manner.
Physicochemical Properties of the Surface of Aqueous Solutions. II. Foam Stability and Mechanical Properties of Surface
Authors: Kimizuka Hideo , Sasaki Tunetaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The surface viscometer, the main part of which consisted of a fine vertical thread of glass carrying a horizontal platinum wire at its lower end, was devised for the measurement of the surface viscosity of solutions.
2. The measurements of the surface viscosity as well as some other surface properties of solutions of a number of dyes and saponin were carried out. The effect of coexisting alcohol and inorganic electrolyte for the saponin solution were also examined. The results showed a close correlation between the surface viscosity, the life of foam and so called membrane effect.
Structure of the “Structureless” Replica Film for Electron Microscopy
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigeto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reason the oxide replica gives a more resolved image in electron microscopy than Formvar or collodium replica is because the small oxide particles (50-100 Å.) composing replica film are oriented according to the orientation of the metal crystals of substrates. The electrodeposited replica and sulphide film formed on metals give the resolved images in microscopy. This is explained in the same way as for oxide replica.
Statistical Thermodynamics of Solution of Rigid Rod-like Molecules
Authors: Kawai T\={o}ru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) A new thermodynamic relationship applicable to dilute solution of rigid rod-like molecules was derived, employing a lattice model.
(2) Small deviation from Zimm’s result for rigid rod was discussed here, considering the effect of size and shape of solvent and solute.
(3) Although quantitative discussion is impossible because of the difficulty of the estimation of the size of the submolecule, it may be said that the contribution of entropy of dilution to A2 (the second virial coefficient in osmotic pressure expression as power series in concentration) will be less for rigid rod-like molecules than for coiled molecules, and furthermore, the difference between such systems as cellulose derivatives in a series of solvents will be very small.
Studies on Foams. VII. Theory of Foam Formation of Dyestuff Solution
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Considering the dynamic equilibrium of adsorption and desorption on the surface of water, Szyszkowsky’s equation is derived. Using the area of dye molecule calculated from the molecular structure, U0 and Γ2 are estimated to obtain the best conformity with the measurement of the surface tension. UΓ calculated by them is compared with the foam formation of these triphenyl methane dyes. Maximum observed in the foaming ability—concentration curve of methyl violet 5 B is explained by its large surface activity. The fact that the energy required to bring the unit area of dye molecule into the bulk solution is about 20 erg/cm.2 is justified using the correction of interfacial energy due to the fact that the thickness of the adsorption layer is nearly equal to the dimension of the range of molecular force.
The Wet Oxidation and the Structure of Carbon
Authors: Akamatu Hideo , Takahashi Hiroshi , Tamaru Kenzi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactivity of various kinds of carbon to the solution of potassium dichromate in phosphoric acid was examined. The samples investigated contained carbon blacks, graphite, pitch cokes, and charcoals. The rate of the reaction varied depending on the types of carbon, and the order of the reactivity was found to be in the order shown above. This is attributed to the modes of aggregation of crystallites. It was assumed that, in carbon blacks the crystallites are mobile individually for dispersing or swelling, on the other hand, in pitch cokes as well as charcoals there are some linkages to bridge the micelles with each other. This is supported by the results of the X-ray examination which was carried out following the steps of the wet oxidation.
The “Critical Thickness” of Organic Thin Films
Authors: Tachibana Taro , Fukuda Kiyoshige 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By studying the reactions of protein with the aid of monolayer technique, Rothen found that antigen and antibody, and also enzyme and substrate molecules, can react in despite of being apparently separated by some inert screen.
He assumed from these results, that the specific long range forces operate in immunologic and enzymatic reactions. We have found that similar phenomena occurred in the following systems: monolayer of hapten-conjugated protein as antigen and antibody directed specifically against the hapten, azo-ovalbumin and ovalbumin, and even cholestanol and digitonin. Therefore, it leaves some room for consideration to assume specific long range forces in immunologic and enzymatic reaction alone.
Besides, we suggested that there was required an almost constant thickness (about 150 Å.) of barium stearate to inhibit completely the combination of antibody with antigen in transferred film, independent of the variety of the systems.
We have also noticed, from the data of the contact angle towards water, those of surface potential and of static friction coefficient of stearic acid multilayers on glass or metal surface, that the multilayers of stearic acid must have a thickness over about 150 Å. (same as the result of antigen-antibody reaction) to interrupt the effect of underlying substance, regardless of the phenomena concerned.
These facts appear to suggest the fragile nature of screen film which is thinner than the certain thickness which we call the “critical thickness.” Such a thin film may conceivably be such as the net-work structure loose enough to permit the diffusion and the penetration of large molecules. Such a physical state of screen film may primarily be responsible for the results of the experiments of Rothen, Singer and the present authors.
Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide on Metal Catalysts
Authors: Kwan Takao , Fujita Yuzabro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Differential heat of adsorption of carbon dioxide on reduced nickel, cobalt or iron catalyst was determined by the indirect method at the lower degree of adsorption with particular precaution for securing thermodynamical equilibrium, being found at 22, 14 and 15,5 kcal./mole respectively. Using the heat of adsorption derived adsorption isotherms were investigated statistical mechanically with reference to the adsorbed state of carbon dioxide molecule, leading to the conclusion that the molecule dissociates into three statistically independent atoms in any case of the catalysts.
The Structure of Surface-Denatured Protein. II. Relation between the Surface Diffusion Constant and the Shape of the Protein Molecule (Theoretical)
Authors: Imahori Kazutomo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The relation between the friction ratio and the surface-diffusion constant has been derived.
2. The relation between the friction ratio and the ratio of two axes of an ellipse has been derived.
3. The relation between f/f0 and c⁄a has been shown in a curve which makes the estimation of c⁄a very simple.
The Structure of Surface-Denatured Protein. III. Determination of the Shape of Surface-Denatured Horse Serum Albumin
Authors: Imahori Kazutomo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The apparatus for measuring surface potential by the so-called ionization method has been described.
2. The relation between the surface potential and concentration of serum albumin and castor oil monolayers have been obtained.
3. The method for determining the shape of surface-denatured protein molecules has been described. This can be carried out on the grounds of the determination of surfacediffusion constant by the surface potential measurement.
4. The shape of horse serum albumin has been decided to be an elliptic disk having the value of a=20 Å., c=160 Å. and thickness of 10 Å.
Concentration Polarization and the Polarographic Current-Time Curve. I. Rate of the Consecutive Reaction Consisting of the Linear Diffusion Process and the Electrode Reaction
Authors: Kambara Tomihito , Tachi Isamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The differential equation of linear diffusion was solved with the boundary condition controlled by the chemical kinetics. The result obtained gives the rate of the consecutive reaction consisting of the diffusion process and the electrode process. This theory can explain the course of the polarographic current-time curve very well.
Synthesis of 2-Amino-4-methyl-5-cyanothiazole from Acetonitrile
Authors: Murata Kiku 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new thiazole, 2-amino-4-methyl-5-cyanothiazole (V) m. p. 164–166° was synthesized from thiourea and α-bromo-β-ketobutyronitrile (IV), b. p. 70–73°/4 mm., prepared by the action of bromine on β-iminobutyronitrile obtained from acetonitrile.
Heats of Wetting of Polysaccharides. I. Heats of Wetting of Various Polysaccharides
Authors: Nakagawa Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Heats of wetting of various polysaccharides, such as potato starch, potato amylose, potato amylopectin, inulin, glycogen, and konjac mannan were measured, but no correlation between heat of wetting and molecular constitution was found.
Heats of Wetting of Polysaccharides. II. A Rule Which Exists Between Adsorption Isotherms and Heats of Wetting of Polysaccharides
Authors: Nakagawa Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A simple rule which correlates adsorption isotherms and heats of wetting of polysaccharides was described. The rule states: “When we bring one gram each of polysaccharides (and several other substances belonging to organic high polymer) under the same relative humidity, generated net heats of adsorption are proportional to the amounts of adsorbed water, independently of the varieties of substances.”
Monolayers of Branched-Chain Fatty Acids I
Authors: Izawa Masami 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(1) Force-area relations for the monolayers of a number of branched-chain fatty acids have been investigated.
(2) These monolayers are of the liquidexpanded type, on acidic substrates, and forcearea curves fit the Langmuir equation well.
(3) Constants F0 and a0 in the Langmuir equation have been calculated from the curves. It has been shown that there is a definite regularity between these constants and the structure of the molecules in the films.
(4) It was revealed that the structure of phthioic acid is not of the trialkylacetic acid type as postulated by Stenhagen and Robinson.
The Crystal Structure of Trinitrotriammine-cobalt (III), [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3]
Authors: Tanito Yoshimichi , Saito Yoshihiko , Kuroya Hisao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of trinitrotriamminecobalt (III) prepared accoding to the method of Jörgensen has been studied by X-rays, using rotation methods (Fe Kα, λ=1.937 A.). This structure belongs to the orthorhombic system and the dimensions of the unit cell which contains four molecules of [Co(NH3)3(NO2)3] are a=10.20 A., b=11.77 A., and c=6.99 A. The space group is D24−P212121. The cobalt atom is surrounded by six nitrogen atoms approximately in octahedral coordination. The shape and size of the nitro-groups are like those in Ag[Co(NH3)2(NO2)4]. Two of the nitrogroups are found to be (coordinated to) the cobalt atom in the trans-positions with respect to each other in conformity with the conclusion drawn from spectroscopic investigations.
On the Acidity of Boric Acid. I. Neutral-Salt Effect Observed by Alkali-titration
Authors: Shishido Shunsuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The acidifying effect of various solutions (CH3OH, C2H4(OH)2, C3H5(OH)3, C6H8(OH)6, their mixture, CH3COCH3, O(CH2CH2)2O, and neutral-salts) is measured by the alkali-titration method, and the simple relation between the hydration energy of neutral-salts and their acidifying effect is found. The consistent explanation for these phenomena is proposed on the view of the nature of the tricovalent and teracovalent bond of boron atom.
Studies on Nitrate Reductase. VII. Reinvestigation on the Identity of the Enzyme with Cytochrome b
Authors: Sato Ryo , Niwa Makoto 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. It has been found that thiourea has a marked inhibitory effect on the nitrate reduction by E. coli, but dehydrogenase activity and the aerobic respiration of the same organism are not considerably influenced by this compound.
2. Spectroscopically it has been further clarified that thiourea completely prevents the anaerobic oxidation of the ferrocytochrome b by means of nitrate, whereas the same reagent can not inhibit the aerobic oxidation of the cytochrome. Cyanide prevents both of the oxidation processes.
3. On the basis of these findings the previously suggested identity of nitrate reductase with cytochrome b of E. coli type has been criticized and it has been concluded that the cytochrome b is not identical with nitrate reductase itself, though it is closely associated with the nitrate-reducing mechanism of E. coli.
4. A scheme has been proposed which can account for both the nitrate-reducing and the respiratory mechanisms of E. coli.
5. The chemical nature of nitrate reductase has been discussed and the iron-protein nature of this enzyme has been again emphasized.
Addendum I : In a review quoting a previous paper of this series, Wurmser wrote that in the nitrate reduction nitrogen replaces oxygen for the Slater’s respiratory scheme. In spite of the validity of this statement, it should be considered that nitrate, but not nitrogen, replaces it.
Addendum II: After this paper had been submitted to the editors, we were informed of the criticism by G. N. Cohen against our earlier hypothesis on the identity of nitrate reductase with the cytochrome b. The nitratereducing mechanism of strict anaerobes and its differences from that of E. coli have been investigated by Mr. Tadao Katsura at the Institute of Infectious Diseases of Tokyo University in connection with us. This material will be published shortly.
Analytical Chemistry by Means of Oxalic Acid. I. On the Quantitative Analysis of Strontium
Authors: Matsumoto Tamotsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Quantitative precipitation of strontium as its oxalate monohydrate is made possible by employing 50% alcohol as the washing solution and by drying the precipitate at 100–105°C for 2 hrs., and as a consequence a new method for determining strontium gravimetrically was established.
2. It was found that strontium can be determined volumetrically by titrating with potassium permangante the oxalic acid which is formed when the strontium oxalate prepared by the above method is decomposed with sulfuric acid.
Synthetic Studies on the Δ2-Derivatives of Selenazolines
Authors: Mizuhara Yutaka 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
(i) Several derivatives of Δ2-selenazolines were synthesized from N-acylethanolamine and phosphorus pentaselenide.
The larger the alkyl group was, the better the yield became.
(ii) 2-Arylselenazolines were solid and did not give picrates, differing from 2-alkylselenazolines.
On the Mechanism of the Reduction Process of the Hydrogen Ion at the Dropping Mercury Electrode. I. Theoretical Part
Authors: Tamamushi Reita 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The formulas for the current-voltage curve of the reduction wave of the hydrogen ion under the various mechanisms of the overall deposition process were derived from the standpoint of chemical kinetics. The results on the various properties of the current-voltage curve,—the relation between the half-wave potential and the concentration of the hydrogen ion in the bulk of the solution, the property of the limiting current, and the log-plot analysis of the current-voltage curve—are presented.
It is assumed throughout the present discussion that the processes at the electrode surface, including the diffusion process, are kept in a. stationary state, i. e., in a dynamic equilibrium. This assumption seems to be reasonable when the stationary and reproducible current-voltage curve is obtained at the dropping mercury-electrode.