bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan berpikir kritis materi hak dan kewajiban pada pembelajaran pendidikan kewarganegaran peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar
Authors: Novita Sari Diah Hayu , Mahfud Hasan , Saputri Dwi Yuniasih 
Published: March 2024

<p><strong>Abstract. </strong><em>This research to describe the critical thinking skills of students on the material rights and obligations of the civic education learning class IV Tegalrejo</em><em> Public Elementary School</em><em> No. 98 academic years 2020/2021. Critical thinking </em><em>was</em><em> important to face </em><em>the competition of life in </em><em>the 21st century. This qualitative research </em><em>used</em><em> descriptive qualitative and phenomenological approache. This </em><em>study</em><em> recommends other research on critical thinking skills. Teachers and students of grade IV Tegalrejo </em><em>Public Elementary School</em><em> No.98, totaling 22 students, became the research subjects. The </em><em>researcher used</em><em> observation, interviews, and documentation</em><em> to collect the data</em><em>. The data analysis technique of this research based on the interactive analysis technique of Miles and Huberman</em><em>. </em><em>Data validity</em><em> test</em><em> by triangulati</em><em>on. </em><em>Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the critical thinking skills of students in the material of rights and obligations in the civic education learning class IV Tegalrejo </em><em>Public Elementary School</em><em> </em><em> </em><em>No.</em><em> </em><em>98 Academic Year 2020/2021 based on visible indicators </em><em>was</em><em> at a moderate level</em><em>. </em><em>This research expected to add knowledge for teacher, schools, and other researcher in developing critical thinking skills, especially in civic education learning so that it can optimize the knowledge and practice in everyday life.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: critical thinking, rights and obligations, civic education</em><em>, primary school </em></p><em>.</em>
Analisis motivasi belajar siswa dalam menemukan gagasan pokok pada paragraf teks bacaan kelas IV D di sekolah dasar
Authors: AnggitaSari EvritaNurdiana , Rukayah Rukayah , Kamsiyati Siti 
Published: March 2024

<p><em>The </em><em>goal</em><em> of this </em><em>research</em><em> were 1) to describe the implementation of Indonesian language learning, and 2) to describe students' learning motivation in finding the main idea of paragraphs in grade IV SD Djama</em><em>’</em><em>atul Ichwan Surakarta. The method applied in this research is descriptive analysis. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, observation, and documentation study.. This study used a validity test technique in the form of triangulation of data and sources. The data were then analyzed using interactive data analysis techniques by Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/ verification. The result is </em><em>t</em><em>here are 3 students who have high motivation and 3 students who have low motivation. The indicator that has not been fulfilled by most subjects is the good use of time, while the indicator that is fulfilled by all subjects is being able to work independently .The category of learning motivation that is owned by most of the fourth grade students is external motivation. The research implication can add references and insights for further research and be used as a reference for teachers and students related to learning motivation in finding the main ideas in paragraphs.</em></p>
Kemampuan membaca pemahaman ditinjau dari minat membaca dan penguasaan diksi peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar
Authors: Safitri Hanifah Nur Ekayati , Slamet St Y , Budiharto Tri 
Published: March 2024

<em>This purpose of this research was 1) know wheter there was a correlattion between the reading interest and the competency of reading comprehension; 2) knowing whether there was a correlattion between the diction mastery and the competency of reading comprehension; 3) knowing whether there was a correlation between both the reading interest and the diction mastery toghether with the competency of reading comprehension.The research was a quantitative survey correlational study. The population of this research was all the students of government elementary school at grade 4<sup>TH</sup> in kartasura for about 39 schools. The sample of this research was taken with simple random sampling technique. Five elementary schools was used as the sample by taking the whole students of grade 4 of each government elementary school with the total amount of the students is 110 students.The data was collected through the test instrument in the form of objective choice for the variable of the competency of reading comprehension and also the diction mastery. It was also collected through the questionnaire for the variable of reading interest given to the students. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that there was a significant correlation between the reading interest and the competency of reading comprehension r<sub>y1 </sub>(0.60034), the coefficient of the correlation was tested with the t test, the result t<sub>count</sub> (7.8011)&gt; t<sub>table</sub> (1.9822) showing a significant correlation between the diction mastery and the competency of reading comprehension r<sub>y2</sub> (0.794),, the coefficient of the correlation was tested with the t test, the result t<sub>count</sub> (13.5745)&gt; t<sub>table</sub> (1.982)showing a significant correlation between both the reading interest and the diction mastery with the competency of reading comprehension ry12 for about 0,815. The coefficient of significance with the F test obtained F<sub>count</sub> = 106.00131 real level á = 0.05, with df =107 obtained F<sub>table</sub> = 3.081 then F<sub>count</sub> &gt; F<sub>table</sub>. </em>
DEVELOPMENT OF DC-DC BUCK CONVERTER FOR SOLAR PANEL ENERGY STORAGE THROUGH LOAD OPTIMIZATION AND FEEDBACK CIRCUIT
Authors: Indrasari Widyaningrum , Rama Gusti , Setiadi Rahmondia Nanda , Hasanah Lilik , Sahari Siti Kudnie 
Published: March 2024

Solar panels are crucial components in converting sun radiation into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. A solar panels cannot be connected directly to the load due to its low energy conversion efficiency and low output voltage. One of the methods used to control solar cells to operate efficiently at their maximum power point is MPPT. In this paper, we design a DC-DC converter by modifications of the Butterworth filter circuit and feedback circuit in the MPPT system for storing solar panel electrical using the Hill Climbing (HC) method. The device consists of a DC-DC buck converter circuit, two pieces of INA219 sensors, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a MAX44009 light intensity sensor, a SD card module and a DS3231 RTC. The DC-DC buck converter circuit simulation is carried out to determine the optimal load. The load optimization was conducted by analyzing the AC simulation using Ltspice software. The magnitude of the output voltage ripple in nine different loads was observed. From the simulations performed, it was found that the 50 Ω load has an output voltage ripple of 8.96 mV and is smaller than the other loads. The main DC-DC buck converter circuit is designed using a butterworth low pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 1000 Hz (R = 50 Ω, L = 33.8 mH and C = 750 nF) and a feedback circuit with a cut-off frequency of 500 Hz is added. From the prototype measurement, it was found that the average output power was 3249,7 milliwatts and the average input power was 4779 milliwatts, thus the average efficiency was 68%. With these results, the DC-DC converter circuit configuration is suitable for use in electrical energy storage systems from solar panels that have high efficiency.
Optimizing Income Tax Exemption: A Focus on the 'Subsistence Minimum' Threshold
Authors: Sabirov Mirza Kylichbayevich 
Published: March 2024

This article delves into the establishment of a perspective on introducing non-taxable income for individuals, emphasizing the effective organization of tax relations. Employing a rigorous research methodology, the study aims to provide conclusive insights, scientific recommendations, and practical guidance. The goals encompass fostering a deeper understanding of non-taxable income implications, while the methods involve a comprehensive examination of tax reforms, benefits, and personal income taxation. The results offer valuable perspectives on optimizing taxation systems, particularly in relation to the subsistence minimum. The implications of this research extend to informing global tax policies, promoting efficiency, and ensuring equitable fiscal practices.
Highlights:

The article explores the introduction of non-taxable income, addressing key issues in tax relations.
It provides conclusive insights, scientific proposals, and practical recommendations for optimizing taxation systems.
The research emphasizes the importance of fostering equitable fiscal practices and informing global tax policies.

Keywords: Tax Relations, Tax-Free Income of Individuals, Personal Income Tax, Property Tax, Fiscal Practices
Decriminalization and Technology Integration in Juvenile Justice
Authors: Akbar Rizki , Widiarto Aan Eko 
Published: March 2024

This normative juridical research, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches, aims to explore future policy models for the legal protection of children within the juvenile criminal justice system in Indonesia. Acknowledging various challenges in the current system, the study emphasizes the necessity of reforming policies to ensure legal certainty and justice for minors in conflict with the law. The proposed model advocates for a 'pure decriminalization' approach, which involves removing the punishable nature of certain criminal elements committed by juvenile legal subjects. This model is complemented by a protection policy that underscores preventative measures to decrease the involvement of children in the criminal justice system. A significant emphasis is placed on integrating technology into the system to enhance efficiency and security, thereby safeguarding children's rights more effectively. Additionally, the research highlights the need for increased inter-agency and cross-sectoral cooperation within the legal structure (police, prosecutors, and courts) to create a more coordinated and holistic approach in addressing juvenile justice issues. The findings suggest that these strategic efforts can contribute significantly to the improvement of procedural law applications for children, ensuring their human rights are not violated in future legal encounters.Highlights:

Pure Decriminalization Model: Emphasizes removing the punitive aspects for certain juvenile offenses, focusing on rehabilitation over punishment.
Technological Advancements: Integration of technology in the juvenile justice system to enhance efficiency, security, and protection of children's rights.
Enhanced Inter-agency Collaboration: Advocates for improved cooperation between legal entities for a holistic and coordinated approach to juvenile justice issues.

Keywords: Juvenile Justice, Decriminalization, Legal Protection, Technology Integration, Inter-agency Cooperation
Pancasila Legal System: Balancing The Fulfillment Of National Moral Values And Law Enforcement In Indonesia
Authors: Esfandiari Fitria , Widianto Aan Eko 
Published: March 2024

This normative research delves into the Pancasila legal system in Indonesia, evaluating its impact on the nation's moral values and the enforcement of law. Pancasila, embodying the core principles of Indonesian society, encompasses values such as divinity, humanity, unity, democracy, and justice. Despite its significance, the study argues that the Pancasila legal system has yet to manifest substantially in the fabric of national life. The research, employing literature review methodology, positions Pancasila as a philosophy guiding law enforcement, urging a reevaluation of legal systems rooted in the wisdom of societal values. The imperative lies in bridging the gap between legal certainty and substantive justice, fostering a legal framework that resonates with the cultural richness of Indonesian society. This research advocates for a critical examination of the legal system, rooted in indigenous wisdom, to better align it with the aspirations of the nation and its people.
Highlights:

Cultural Foundations: The research critically examines the Pancasila legal system, emphasizing its role as a crystallization of Indonesia's cultural values, including divinity, humanity, unity, democracy, and justice.
Guiding Philosophy: Pancasila is positioned as a guiding philosophy for law enforcement, highlighting its potential to shape the ethical foundation and moral compass of legal practitioners in Indonesia.
Call for Reevaluation: The study advocates for a reevaluation of the legal system, urging a return to indigenous wisdom and cultural values to bridge the gap between legal certainty and substantive justice in Indonesian society.

Keywords: Pancasila, Legal System, Moral Values, Law Enforcement, Indonesia
Effect of Managerial Ownership Structure, Leverage, and Firm Size on Accounting Conservatism
Authors: Febrianto Albiansa , Nurasik Nurasik 
Published: March 2024

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of Managerial Ownership with Accounting Conservatism at Mining companies listed on BEI period 2014-2016; analyze the effect of Leverage with Accounting Conservatism on Mining companies listed on the IDX for the periode2014-2016; as well as analyzing the effect of Company Size with Accounting Conservatism on Mining companies listed on BEI period 2014-2016; This research is a type of quantitative research, with the overall population of mining companies listed on the Stock Exchange in the 2014-2016 period with a total of 39 companies. Determination of the sample was done by purposive sampling method and obtained sample of 18 companies. The analytical tool used is classical assumption analysis, multiple linear regression coefficient, determination coefficient, t test and F test using SPSS version 20 for windows. The result of the research shows that managerial ownership variables significantly influence accounting conservatism variables in mining companies listed in BEI period 2014-2016; leverage variables significantly influence the variables of accounting conservatism in mining companies listed on the BEI period 2014-2016; and firm size variables significantly influence the variables of accounting conservatism in mining companies listed on the BEI period 2014-2016.
The impact of palliative care via video telemedicine: A prospective study
Authors: Chida Akihiko , Hamamoto Yasuo , Hirata Kenro , Sato Yasunori , So Eiichiro , Kishimoto Shotaro , Noguchi Satoko , Horie Sara , Saito Yuki , Shimozaki Keitaro , Tsugaru Kai , Togasaki Kazuhiro , Kawasaki Kenta , Hayashi Hideyuki , Kanai Takanori 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives:Palliative care has been shown to be effective for patients with advanced cancer; however, the best approach to this remains undetermined. We hypothesized that a combination of palliative care via video telemedicine and usual outpatient treatment would improve patients’ quality of life (QOL)and ameliorate depression and prognosis.
Methods: Patients with advanced cancer who received best supportive care were enrolled. Patients who could perform videoconferencing were assigned to the telemedicine (TMD) group and those who could not were assigned to the no telemedicine (no TMD; control) group. The primary endpoint was QOL, which was evaluated using the difference in the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G) scores between baseline and 1-month follow-up. Secondary endpoints included depression, measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale, the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI), overall survival (OS),and patient satisfaction.
Results:Fifty patients were included in this study (25 in each group). FACT-G decreased by 0.21 and 5.96 points in the TMD and no TMD groups, respectively (p = 0.047). The TMD group maintained better QOL. CES-D increased by 0.92 and 3.50 points in the TMD and no TMD groups, respectively (p = 0.26). Median survival time (MST) was 7.82 (3.30–14.59) and 6.37 (2.33–11.04) months in the TMD and no TMD groups.
Conclusion:Video telemedicine is useful in maintaining the QOL of patients with advanced cancer. It is desirable to further evaluate the effectiveness of palliative care using video telemedicine and evaluate its clinical applications.
Effects of social and economic development on CO2 emission in the countries of the Visegrad group
Authors: Suproń Błażej , Łącka Irena , Śmietański Roman 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study analyses the impact of socio-economic development, renewable energy consumption, education expenditure and foreign direct investment on carbon dioxide emissions in the four Visegrad countries of Central Europe between 1991 and 2021. The Autoregressive-Distributed Lag Bound Testing method was used to test the short- and long-term relationships for each of the dependent variables to verify the hypotheses. The results obtained indicate three bidirectional relationships. For the Czech Republic and Slovakia, changes in carbon emissions can affect changes in the Human Development Index (HDI) and vice versa. Bidirectional causality was also established in the case of Poland between energy consumption from renewable sources and carbon dioxide emissions. Changes in carbon dioxide emissions can affect the country's renewable energy consumption and vice versa. For the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia, unidirectional causality was established between the variables indicated. The results of the short-term relationships revealed that in the Visegrad countries there may be an increase in carbon dioxide emissions in the short term with an increase in renewable energy production. Long-term relationships between spending on education and reductions in carbon emissions could only be demonstrated for Slovakia. Toda-Yamamoto tests showed unidirectional causality between foreign direct investment and carbon dioxide emissions for the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In contrast, no significant relationship in the long run between carbon dioxide emissions and foreign direct investment was observed for the countries studied. The findings have interesting policy implications for policy makers in the Visegrad countries.
Bioremediation of Oil Pollution in Caspian Waters
Authors: GAHRAMANOVA Konul , MAMMADOVA Parvin , OSMANOVA Sabiya , MAKHMUDOVA Lala , IBRAGIMOVA Tarana , ALMAMMADOVA Aygun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Oil and oil products use the most dangerous water transport pollutants. Every year, a large amount of oil is found in the sea and ocean; this oil floats on the surface of the water in the form of an oil film, dissolves in its thickness and settles to the bottom. The methods of biological cleaning of ecosystems from oil spills, based on the collection of the enzymatic activity of hydrocarbon-oxidizing substances, are currently approaching the most effective and environmentally safe methods. Research has been carried out on the selective selection of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms due to water pollution in the outer zone of Baku Bay. The active forms of hydrocarbon oxidation microorganisms utilizing polluting sea waters have been identified. The physical and chemical characteristics of natural oil from this well were determined, as were the physical and chemical characteristics of the oil samples that were supposed to be degraded under the conditions of a model experiment.
Dyadic effects of illness cognition and psychological distress among young and middle-aged couples with colorectal cancer: The mediating role of dyadic coping
Authors: Sun Qian , Wen Yuee , Qin Shuang , Chen Siyao , Lin Yan , Peng Junsheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Young and middle-aged colorectal cancer patients, along with their spouses, face heightened vulnerability to psychological distress. The psychological distress of both patients and their partners may be influenced by illness cognition and dyadic coping. To explore the dyadic interplay of illness cognition, dyadic coping, and psychological distress, we aimed to validate dyadic coping as a mediator between illness cognition and psychological distress.
Methods
We conducted our study with 403 pairs of young and middle-aged patients with colorectal cancer and their partners, recruited from two tertiary hospital between May and September 2023. Participants completed questionnaires measuring illness cognition, dyadic coping and psychological distress.
Results
Our results revealed that both patients and spouses exhibited actor effects and partner effects regarding positive illness cognition/helplessness on dyadic coping. However, dyadic coping only had actor effects on psychological distress. Furthermore, we verified that dyadic coping mediates the link between positive illness cognition/helplessness and psychological distress.
Conclusion
These results offer fresh insights into the relationship of illness cognition, dyadic coping, and psychological distress at both individual and dyadic levels. They underscore the importance of promoting positive illness cognition and reducing helplessness in the context of cancer care. Healthcare providers play a crucial role in easing couples' psychological distress through the promotion of positive illness cognition and the reduction of feelings of helplessness.
Poly(benzimidazole)s containing trifluoromethyl substituents and aryl ether linkages for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications
Authors: Chen Ping-Yen , Chiu Tse-Han , Nefo Tariku , Hung Hsiao-Wei , Chen Jyh-Chien 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A novel tetraamine, 4,4'-oxy-bis[3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,6-benzendiamine] (7), was synthesized through a serious of synthetic steps starting from 4-nitro-2-(trifluoromethyl)chlorobenzene (1). Polybenzimidazole CF3-PBI-OO was prepared from 4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid) (OBA) and tetraamine (7) by using Eaton’s reagent as the solvent. Throughout this process, the temperature and the concentration of the polymer solution should be controlled in order to achieve a high molecular weight. CF3-PBI-OO exhibited a high inherent viscosity of 2.1 dL/g, measured in methanesulfonic acid (MSA) with a concentration of 0.2 g/dL at 35 ℃. The oxidative stability of CF3-PBI-OO is not improved by the incorporation of trifluoromethyl groups due to its higher water uptakes resulting from the aryl ether linkages on the polymer backbone. CF3-PBI-OO also required less time (2.7 h) to achieve a saturated PA uptake (271%), when immersed in a 75% phosphorous acid solution at room temperature. CF3-PBI-OO membrane with a PA uptake of 213% demonstrated the optimal combination of properties. The membrane exhibited a high proton conductivity of 115 mS/cm at 160 ℃. The single fuel cell based on CF3-PBI-OO demonstrated a peak power density of 691 mW/cm2 at 160 ℃. It showed superior performance in comparison to m-PBI and OPBIs when subjected to the same test conditions.