bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited feasibility of double transplant in multiple myeloma
Authors: Corso Alessandro , Mangiacavalli Silvia , Barbarano Luciana , Alessandrino Emilio Paolo , Cairoli Roberto , Morra Enrica , Lazzarino Mario ,   on Behalf of the HOST Group
Published: April 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Although high‐dose therapy is considered the standard therapy for younger patients with multiple myeloma (MM), the advantages of performing a second transplant remain debated. The current study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and the feasibility of a front‐line double transplant program in young MM patients.METHODS.A total of 153 MM patients aged ≤65 years, the majority of whom had stage III disease (65%), were enrolled in a multicenter, nonrandomized, high‐dose program including 2 transplants.RESULTS.The percentage of good quality responses (complete and very good partial responses) increased from an initial 33% after induction to 91% (complete response rate of 29%) after 2 transplants. However, this increase in response did not produce an advantage in either event‐free survival or overall survival, even when the analysis was performed grouping patients by response. The protocol was well tolerated and no difference in transplant‐related mortality was observed between the first and second transplants. A first transplant was performed in 122 of 153 patients (80%), and 65 (42% of the enrolled patients) completed the double transplant program. Reasons for not undergoing the second autologous transplant were death (n = 2 patients), insufficient peripheral blood stem cells (n = 8 patients), severe transplant‐related toxicity (n = 10 patients), allotransplants (n = 9 patients), early progression after first transplant (n = 6 patients), lost to follow‐up (n = 3 patients), and patient refusal (n = 19 patients).CONCLUSIONS.Considering the limited advantage of double transplants, the complexity of the program, the high percentage of dropouts, and the additional costs of a second transplant, the current study favors single transplant programs for the treatment of younger MM patients. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Upper and lower bounds for recurrent and recursively decomposable parallel processor‐networks
Authors: De La Torre Pilar , Kruskal Clyde P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA “recursively decomposable network” can be partitioned into a finite number of subnetworks that are smaller “versions of itself,” where the subnetworks are themselves recursively decomposable. Several interesting notions of such networks emerge depending on the collections of parameters chosen to model the relative behavioral characteristics that make a subnetwork a version of another. Examples of such parameters are permutation time, bandwidth, latency, topology, wires, degree, and size. This paper introduces and studies the class of networks that are recursively decomposable relative to bandwidth limitations, and the subclass of “recurrent networks” that are recursively decomposable relative to topology limitations.We show that an N‐node recursively decomposable into halves network with bandwidth‐inefficiency function β(x) must be at least \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\frac{N}{2}\sum\nolimits_{i = l}^{\lg N}{\frac{1}{{\beta(2^i)}}}$\end{document} wires. This implies that the linear array, hypercube, and completely connected networks are all exactly optimal. The above lower bound is generalized to networks that are recursively decomposable, but not necessarily into halves. We show that the bound is tight up to a constant factor by exhibiting recurrent networks matching the above lower bounds.Our lower bound results both tighten and generalize a result of Meertens: no recurrent, fixed degree network can permute in O(log N) time. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ©1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Global attractivity in a nonlinear second‐order difference equation
Authors: Kocic V. L. , Ladas G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this paper we obtain a global attractivity result for the positive equilibrium of a nonlinear second‐order difference equation of the form xn+1 = f(xn, xn+1), n = 0, 1, ⃛The result applies to the difference equation xn+1 =A+bxn/A+n−1, n = 0, 1, ⃛Where a, b, A ϵ (0, ∞). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Solvable set/hyperset contexts: I. Some decision procedures for the pure, finite case
Authors: Omodeo Eugenio G. , Policriti Alberto 
Published: April 2007

AbstractHereditarily finite sets and hypersets are characterized both as algorithmic data structures and by means of a first‐order axiomatization which, despite being rather weak, suffices to make the following two problems decidable:Establishing whether a conjunctionrof formulae of the form: ∀ y1⃛∀ ym((y1ϵW1& ⃛&ymϵWm) ←q), withqquantifier‐free and involving only the relators =, ϵ and propositional connectives, and eachyidistinct from allwj's, is satisfiable.Establishing whether a formula of the form ∀y q, qquantifier‐free, is satisfiable.Concerning (1), an explicit decision algorithm is provided; moreover, significantly broad subproblems of (1) are singled out in which a classification — that we call the ‘syllogistic decomposition’ ofr— of all possible ways of satisfying the input conjunctionrcan be obtained automatically. For one of these subproblems, carrying out the decomposition results in a finite family of syntactic substitutions that generate the space of all solutions tor. In this sense, one has a unification algorithm.Concerning (2), a technique is provided for reducing it to a subproblem of (1) for which a decomposition method is available.The algorithmic complexity of the problems under study is highlighted; a generalization of the decidability results to a theory where sets are blended with free Herbrand functors is announced. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The murine allantois: emerging paradigms in development of the mammalian umbilical cord and its relation to the fetus
Authors: Inman Kimberly E. , Downs Karen M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe fertilized egg of the mammal gives rise to the embryo and its extraembryonic structures, all of which develop in intimate relation with each other. Yet, whilst the past several decades have witnessed a vast number of studies on the embryonic component of the conceptus, study of the extraembryonic tissues and their relation to the fetus have been largely ignored. The allantois, precursor tissue of the mature umbilical cord, is a universal feature of all placental mammals that establishes the vital vascular bridge between the fetus and its mother. The allantois differentiates into the umbilical blood vessels, which become secured onto the chorionic component of the placenta at one end and onto the fetus at the other. In this way, fetal blood is channeled through the umbilical cord for exchange with the mother. Despite the importance of this vascular bridge, little is known about how it is made. The aim of this review is to address current understanding of the biology of the allantois in the mouse and genetic control of its features and functions, and to highlight new paradigms concerning the developmental relationship between the fetus and its umbilical cord. genesis 45: 237–258, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Photochemistry of trans‐ and cis‐[RuCl2(dmso)4] in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions
Authors: Brindell Małgorzata , Stochel Grażyna , Bertolasi Valerio , Boaretto Rita , Sostero Silvana 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe photochemical behavior of the trans‐ and cis‐[RuCl2(dmso)4] complexes has been investigated in organic coordinating solvents (dmso, CH3CN) and aqueous solutions by means of electronic and 1H NMR spectroscopy as well as chloride‐selective electrode measurements. Excitation in the UVA and visible region of the cis‐[RuCl2(dmso)4] complex in dmso leads to geometric isomerization with quantum yields Φ313 = 0.41 and Φ365 = 0.49 to give the photostable trans complex, whereas in acetonitrile and aqueous solutions, both isomerization and substitution processes occur. Moreover, in the latter two solvents, the trans isomer is photoactive and undergoes substitution reactions. In acetonitrile, for both trans‐ and cis‐[RuCl2(dmso)4] isomers, selective photolabilization of the dimethylsulfoxide ligands results in the formation of the trans‐[RuCl2(CH3CN)4] complex. In aqueous solutions, the dmso and Cl– ligands are gradually substituted by water molecules to give as a final product a mixture of(aqua)ruthenium(II) and (aqua)(chlorido)ruthenium(II) complexes. These species may prove to be useful in the binding of cellular components. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Solvent Control in the Protonation of [Cp*Mo(dppe)H3] by CF3COOH
Authors: Dub Pavel A. , Baya Miguel , Houghton Jennifer , Belkova Natalia V. , Daran Jean‐Claude , Poli Rinaldo , Epstein Lina M. , Shubina Elena S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe outcome of the reaction between [Cp*Mo(dppe)H3] [dppe = 1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ethane] and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is highly dependent on the solvent and the TFA/Mo ratio. The dihydride compound [Cp*Mo(dppe)H2(O2CCF3)] is obtained selectively when the reaction is carried out in aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene) when using less than one equivalent of TFA. The dihydride is also the end product when THF or MeCN are used as solvent, independent of the TFA/Mo ratio. In benzene/toluene the use of excess acid has a profound effect, resulting in the formation of the tetrahydrido complex [Cp*Mo(dppe)H4]+, which did not further evolve into the dihydrido product. Monitoring of the reaction by NMR and IR spectroscopy under different conditions (solvent, temperature, TFA/Mo ratio) reveals the rapid establishment of an equilibrium between the dihydrogen‐bonded adduct, [Cp*Mo(dppe)H3]···HO2CCF3, the ion‐paired proton‐transfer product, [Cp*Mo(dppe)H4]+···–O2CCF3, and the separated ions, followed by a slower irreversible transformation to the final dihydride product with H2 evolution. The activation parameters of the H2 evolution and M–OR product formation were determined. Excess TFA in low‐polarity solvents stabilizes the separated charged species by forming the homoconjugate anion [CF3COO(CF3COOH)n]–. The effect of the solvent on the course of the reaction can be interpreted in terms of the different polarity, H‐bonding ability, and coordinating power of the various solvent molecules.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Asymmetric 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Benzonitrile Oxide Mediated by a Chiral Lewis Acid
Authors: Yamamoto Hidetoshi , Hayashi Saori , Kubo Masashi , Harada Mayu , Hasegawa Masayuki , Noguchi Michihiko , Sumimoto Michinori , Hori Kenzi 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this paper we report on the asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of nitrile oxides mediated by pybox/ytterbium triflates, ‐/magnesium bromide, and ‐/magnesium perchlorate. It was confirmed that the reactions proceed smoothly to give isoxazoline derivatives in high enantiomeric excesses with Mg2+ or Yb3+ complexes and acrylamide dipolarophiles bearing an oxazolidinone or imidazolidinone coordination auxiliary as well as a pybox ligand. In reactions with a dipolarophile bearing 4,4‐dimethyloxazolidinone as the coordination auxiliary, an enantiomeric excess (59 % ee) of the corresponding cycloaddition product was achieved by using a slow addition technique to generate nitrile oxides in the presence of Yb(OTf)3/ph‐pybox. The cycloaddition reaction of a dipolarophile with an unsubstituted oxazolidinone group in the presence of Yb(OTf)3/ph‐pybox at a relatively high temperature (35 °C) produced a higher enantiomeric excess. A relatively low temperature (–78 °C) was required to obtain enantiomeric excesses such as 69 and 87 % ee in the reactions of a dipolarophile bearing an imidazolidinone group to afford cycloadducts in the presence of MgBr2/ip‐pybox.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Allene Substitution‐Controlled Switching of Dimerization to Cycloisomerization in the PdII‐Catalyzed Reaction of Terminal α‐Allenones
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Martínez del Campo Teresa 
Published: April 2007

AbstractIn this contribution, we describe the role of steric interactions in PdII‐catalyzed reactions of terminal α‐allenones, which has not previously been invoked in discussions of these versatile compounds. By adopting [PdCl2(MeCN)2] as catalyst, the cycloisomerization/dimerization ratio of α‐allenones is controlled by the substitution of the allene compound: unsubstituted allenones mainly afford dimerization, whereas allenones bearing an internal substituent favor the formation of cycloisomerization products. Thus, for the first time the mode of reaction (cycloisomerization vs. dimerization) of α‐allenones is substrate‐directable.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Anion Receptors Based on a Quinoline Backbone
Authors: Albrecht Markus , Triyanti  , Schiffers Stefanie , Osetska Olga , Raabe Gerhard , Wieland Thomas , Russo Luca , Rissanen Kari 
Published: April 2007

Abstract2‐Amido‐8‐urea substituted quinoline derivatives are potent receptors for the binding of halide or benzoate anions in chloroform. The selectivity and affinity of the receptors for fluoride can be tuned by variation of the substituents at the receptor side chains. Computational considerations show that the cleft of the receptors provides space for effective binding of F–, but not bigger anions.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Electrochemical Properties of Electrode Modified with Langmuir‐Blodgett Film of p‐tert‐Butylcalix[4]arene Derivatives and Its Application in Determining of Silver
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhao Bang‐Tun , Ye Bao‐Xian 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA new type of voltammetric sensor, Langmuir‐Blodgett (LB) film of 5,11,17,23‐tetra‐tert‐butyl‐25,27‐di(3‐thiadiazole‐propanoxy)‐26,28‐dihydroxycalix[4]arene modified glassy carbon electrode (LBTZCA–GCE), was prepared. The electrochemical properties of LBTZCA–GCE were researched in detail and its recognizing mechanism for silver ion in aqueous solution was discussed. Using this voltammetric sensor, a new stripping voltammetric method for determining of Ag+ was erected with good sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility and recovery. The detection limit was 8×10−9 M at accumulation time of 180 s. By this method, real samples (lake water, tap water and synthesis sample) were analyzed and the results obtained were well satisfactory.
Cathedral Cave, Wellington Caves, New South Wales, Australia. A multiphase, non‐fluvial cave
Authors: Osborne R. A. L. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCathedral Cave is an outstanding example of a class of multiphase caves with largely non‐fluvial origins. It contains large cavities such as cathedrals and cupolas, characteristic of excavation by convection currents in rising waters. Smaller‐scale features such as rising half‐tubes, pseudonotches, curved juts, projecting corners, blades and bridges indicate intersection and exhumation of older cavities during the formation of younger ones. It is possible to recognize at least ten significant phases of speleogenesis by morphostratigraphy, in addition to the four generations of cave‐filling palaeokarst deposits intersected by the cave. The cave we see today results from the progressive integration of a number of previously disconnected or poorly connected solution cavities. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A framework for stabilized partitioned analysis of thin membrane–wind interaction
Authors: Wüchner Roland , Kupzok Alexander , Bletzinger Kai‐Uwe 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis contribution proposes a methodology for the numerical analysis and for the improvement of the design of free‐form membrane structures subjected to flow‐induced effects. Typical applications in such context are tents exposed to wind. Different physical factors connected to thin and flexible structures, highly turbulent air flows, as well as their interaction have to be taken into account. This necessitates the appropriate combination of different numerical disciplines which is done in the simulation of fluid–structure interaction. The over‐all complexity of the problem favours a modular and flexible software environment with a partitioned coupling strategy. Within such an environment, the solution of each physical and algorithmic field is applicable with the most suited method. In the proposed framework, the structural field is solved with the in‐house finite element program CARAT, which uses several finite element types and advanced solution strategies for form finding, nonlinear, and dynamical problems. The fluid field is solved with the CFD software package CFX‐5. The interaction between both physical fields is realized by the exchange of boundary conditions. Beyond the mere exchange of data, the utilization of stabilized as well as efficient coupling strategies is mandatory. This contribution illuminates the scope of numerical simulation theory and presents implementations followed by illustrative examples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fifth‐order Hermitian schemes for computational linear aeroacoustics
Authors: Capdeville G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe develop a class of fifth‐order methods to solve linear acoustics and/or aeroacoustics. Based on local Hermite polynomials, we investigate three competing strategies for solving hyperbolic linear problems with a fifth‐order accuracy. A one‐dimensional (1D) analysis in the Fourier series makes it possible to classify these possibilities. Then, numerical computations based on the 1D scalar advection equation support two possibilities in order to update the discrete variable and its first and second derivatives: the first one uses a procedure similar to that of Cauchy–Kovaleskaya (the ‘Δ‐P5 scheme’); the second one relies on a semi‐discrete form and evolves in time the discrete unknowns by using a five‐stage Runge–Kutta method (the ‘RGK‐P5 scheme’). Although the RGK‐P5 scheme shares the same local spatial interpolator with the Δ‐P5 scheme, it is algebraically simpler. However, it is shown numerically that its loss of compactness reduces its domain of stability.Both schemes are then extended to bi‐dimensional acoustics and aeroacoustics.Following the methodology validated in (J. Comput. Phys. 2005; 210:133–170; J. Comput. Phys. 2006; 217:530–562), we build an algorithm in three stages in order to optimize the procedure of discretization.In the ‘reconstruction stage’, we define a fifth‐order local spatial interpolator based on an upwind stencil. In the ‘decomposition stage’, we decompose the time derivatives into simple wave contributions.In the ‘evolution stage’, we use these fluctuations to update either by a Cauchy–Kovaleskaya procedure or by a five‐stage Runge–Kutta algorithm, the discrete variable and its derivatives.In this way, depending on the configuration of the ‘evolution stage’, two fifth‐order upwind Hermitian schemes are constructed.The effectiveness and the exactitude of both schemes are checked by their applications to several 2D problems in acoustics and aeroacoustics. In this aim, we compare the computational cost and the computation memory requirement for each solution.The RGK‐P5 appears as the best compromise between simplicity and accuracy, while the Δ‐P5 scheme is more accurate and less CPU time consuming, despite a greater algebraic complexity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gravity models of intra‐EU trade: application of the CCEP‐HT estimation in heterogeneous panels with unobserved common time‐specific factors
Authors: Serlenga Laura , Shin Yongcheol 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe follow recent developments of panel data studies and allow for the existence of both observed and unobserved common factors where their individual responses are allowed to be heterogeneous. We then develop a generalized Hausman–Taylor estimation methodology, and apply our proposed estimation technique to an analysis of the gravity equation of bilateral trade flows among 15 European countries over 1960–2001. Empirical results demonstrate that our proposed approach provides more sensible results than the conventional approach based on fixed time dummies. These findings may highlight the importance of allowing for a certain degree of cross‐section dependence through unobserved heterogeneous time‐specific effects; the resulting estimates would otherwise be severely biased. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating the impacts of Washington state repeated job search services on the earnings of prime‐age female TANF recipients
Authors: Hsiao Cheng , Shen Yan , Wang Boqing , Weeks Greg 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper uses an unbalanced panel dataset to evaluate how repeated job search services (JSS) and other personal characteristics affect the quarterly earnings of the prime‐age female welfare recipients in the State of Washington. We propose a joint dependent framework for the probability of employment and potential earnings or hours or hourly wage rates to facilitate the investigation of the issues of joint determination of employment and potential earnings and to allow for factors to have different impacts on employment status and on quarterly earnings. We have also suggested formulae to compute the dynamic impact of JSS on duration and earnings. Both the maximum likelihood (ML) and semi‐parametric estimates are provided. We find that the results are sensitive to the choice of models and estimation methods. For a randomly assigned individual, the first, second and three or more JSS raised the short‐run and long‐run earnings by (5%, 0%, 0%) and (1%, 0%, 0%), respectively, based on the MLE, and by (56.6%, 36.2%, 36.9%) and (50.7%, 36.2%, 36.9%), respectively, based on the semi‐parametric Tobit model. We have also conducted specification analysis. The results appear to favor semi‐parametric Type II Tobit model estimates. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Panel unit root tests and spatial dependence
Authors: Baltagi Badi H. , Bresson Georges , Pirotte Alain 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis paper studies the performance of panel unit root tests when spatial effects are present that account for cross‐section correlation. Monte Carlo simulations show that there can be considerable size distortions in panel unit root tests when the true specification exhibits spatial error correlation. These tests are applied to a panel data set on net real income from the 1000 largest French communes observed over the period 1985–1998. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disruption of FRNK expression by gene targeting of the intronic promoter within the focal adhesion kinase gene
Authors: Hayasaka Haruko , Martin Karen H. , Hershey E. Daniel , Parsons J. Thomas 
Published: April 2007

AbstractFRNK, a non‐catalytic variant of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), is expressed in major blood vessels throughout mouse development and is postulated to play a role in regulating cell adhesion and signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The FRNK transcriptional start site lies within an intron of the FAK gene, suggesting that the FRNK gene is a “gene within a gene”. Here, we identified a 1 kb intronic sequence of the FAK gene that is necessary for endogenous FRNK expression. Deletion of this sequence in gene‐targeted mice abolished FRNK expression, showing the direct involvement of the FAK intron in the regulation of FRNK expression. The level of FAK expression was normal in the FRNK‐deficient mice, indicating that FAK and FRNK are transcriptionally regulated by distinct promoters. The FRNK‐deficient mice were viable, fertile, and displayed no obvious histological abnormalities in any of the major blood vessels. Western blot analysis showed that FRNK–deficient and wild‐type (WT) cells had comparable levels of steady‐state and adhesion‐dependent FAK autophosphorylation. Despite the fact that ectopic expression of FRNK suppresses focal adhesion formation in cultured cells, these results suggest that endogenous FRNK is not essential for development or the formation of the mouse vasculature. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 947–954, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.