bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK)‐dependent nuclear translocation of apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) following engagement of membrane immunoglobulin on WEHI‐231 B lymphoma cells
Authors: Takada Eiko , Hata Kikumi , Mizuguchi Junichiro 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWEHI‐231 B lymphoma cells have been employed for analysis of antigen‐induced B cell unresponsiveness because these cells undergo cell cycle arrest in G1, accompanied by induction of apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the requirement for toxic small molecules apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c, and subsequent caspase activation in apoptotic cell death in WEHI‐231 and CH31 B lymphoma cells following engagement of membrane immunoglobulin (mIg). Pan‐caspase inhibitor BD‐fmk blocked mIg‐mediated increase in cells with sub‐G1 DNA content, whereas it did not affect mIg‐mediated loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and phosphatidylserine exposure on B cell membrane. Dominant‐negative form of c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase1 (JNK1) blocked the translocation of AIF into the nuclei and cytosol from the mitochondria in the WEHI‐231 and CH31 cells following mIg engagement, whereas constitutively active form of JNK1 enhanced it. This AIF translocation was also blocked by Bcl‐xL, but not by BD‐fmk. Moreover, AIF‐deficient clones via small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐mediated method showed small increase in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. After mIg engagement, the AIF‐deficient clones displayed an enhanced sensitivity to mIg‐mediated apoptosis, concomitant with translocation of a residual AIF into the nuclei, compared with control clone. Our findings are compatible with the notion that AIF has dual role, with a proapoptotic function in the nuclei and a distinct anti‐apoptotic function in the mitochondria. These observations would be valuable for analysis of B cell unresponsiveness and hopefully for treatment of diseases involving B cell dysfunction. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 1927–1936, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Competence and scope of practice: ethics and professional development
Authors: Wise Erica H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn this article, I discuss the importance of the psychotherapist's capacities and attributes that go beyond formal education and training as they relate to both readiness for clinical training and continued competence throughout one's professional life. Professional development is essential to the maintenance of professional competence as a psychotherapist. Principles and standards from the American Psychological Association's (2002) Ethics Code are reviewed and illustrated with clinical vignettes. In striving to maintain competence, psychotherapists are strongly encouraged to focus on proactive self‐care and professional development in addition to complying with the formal continuing education mandated by most states. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 64: 1–12, 2008.
The CM cell line derived from liver metastasis of malignant human insulinoma is not a valid beta cell model for in vitro studies
Authors: Gragnoli Claudia 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe CM cell line is derived from the ascitic fluid of a patient with liver metastasis of a malignant insulinoma. Insulin levels potentially derived from the insulinoma were detected only once in vivo in the subject with the malignant pancreatic tumor and hypoglycemia. After multiple unsuccessful attempts to detect insulin in the culture medium, insulin levels were again detected only once in vitro. In our repeated experiments, we extensively exposed early‐passages of the CM cell line to 0.91 mM glucose and acutely to increasingly higher glucose concentrations (2.75, 5.5, 11, and 22 mM) and did not detect any insulin secretion as well as any significant insulin cell content. The electronic microscopic examinations of several vials containing early‐passages of the CM cell lines showed a polyclonal nature of the cells mostly resembling fibroblasts. The karyotype detected severe and consistent chromosomal aberrations of the CM cell line, including the chromosome 11 tetraploidy and the genetic material translocation in three out of four chromosomes 11 at the insulin gene locus 11p15.1. These data, unfortunately, exclude the possibility of considering the CM cell line as a valid beta cell model in vitro. J. Cell. Physiol. 216: 569–570, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Application of supercritical fluid chromatography to the analysis of hydrophobic metabolites
Authors: Bamba Takeshi 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis review describes the usefulness of supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) in the analysis of hydrophobic metabolites. The use of SFC for the analysis of naturally occurring polyprenols markedly improves the chromatographic resolution of polyprenol homologues and their geometric isomers as compared to conventional HPLC. Under optimized SFC conditions, individual homologues with 10–100‐mers were separated. Furthermore, we established an analytical system for the fingerprinting and profiling of diverse lipids through the usage of SFC‐MS. When a cyanopropylated silica gel packed column was used for the separation, 14 lipids were successfully detected, and the time required for analysis was less than 15 min. The use of an octadecylsilylated column for the separation depended on the differences in the fatty acid side chains. SFC is a useful separation technology for hydrophobic metabolites, which are difficult to be separated by HPLC.
Supercritical fluid assisted, integrated process for the synthesis and separation of different lipid derivatives
Authors: Weber Andreas , Catchpole Owen , Eltringham Wayne 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe partial synthesis of ethyl esters from corn and fish oil was carried out in a stirred tank at supercritical conditions and the products were separated from the reaction mixture using the supercritical fluid. Corn oil can be almost completely converted to ethyl esters under optimized conditions and the rate of reaction is comparable to atmospheric pressure conditions. Some concentration of polyunsaturates occurs in the partially converted glyceride fraction of fish oil, as the enzyme used, Lipozyme® TL‐IM, allows preferential esterification of the saturates and mono‐unsaturates that are concentrated in positions 1 and 3 of the triglycerides. By judicious selection of the processing conditions, good separation of ethyl esters from the partially reacted glycerides was achieved.
Inhibitory effects of trans‐resveratrol analogs molecules on the proliferation and the cell cycle progression of human colon tumoral cells
Authors: Marel Anna‐Kristina , Lizard Gérard , Izard Jean‐Claude , Latruffe Norbert , Delmas Dominique 
Published: April 2008

AbstractResveratrol may function as a cancer chemopreventive agent. However, few data are available on the antitumoral activities of its dimer, ε‐viniferin, also present in human diet. So, the effects of resveratrol, ε‐viniferin, of their acetylated forms (resveratrol triacetate, ε‐viniferin pentaacetate) and of vineatrol (a wine grape extract) were compared on human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Resveratrol and resveratrol triacetate inhibit cell proliferation and arrest cell cycle. ε‐Viniferin and ε‐viniferin pentaacetate slightly reduce cell proliferation. Vineatrol inhibits cell proliferation and favors an accumulation in the S phase of the cell cycle. Consequently, resveratrol triacetate and vineatrol could constitute new putative anticancer agents on colon carcinoma.
Quantification of the thaumatin‐like kiwi allergen by a monoclonal antibody‐based ELISA
Authors: Gavrović‐Jankulović Marija , Spasić Milena , Ćirković Veličković Tanja , Stojanović Marijana , Inić‐Kanada Aleksandra , Dimitrijević Ljiljana , Lindner Buko , Petersen Arnd , Becker Wolf‐Meinhard , Jankov Ratko M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThaumatin‐like proteins (TLPs) have been established as a new family of fruit and pollen allergens. The aim of this study was to develop a two‐site ELISA for the quantification of the thaumatin‐like kiwi allergen (Act d 2) in kiwifruit extracts and kiwifruit‐containing food products. Genomic DNA (gDNA) of Act d 2 was amplified and the deduced amino acid sequence was determined to obtain a primary structure. Act d 2 purified from kiwifruit extract by HPLC was identified by Edman degradation and MS. Balb/c mice were immunized with Act d 2 for the production of mAbs by hybridoma technology. The optimized ELISA measured Act d 2 concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 9.0 ng/mL, with intra‐ and interassay coefficients of variation of 3.65 and 10.44%, respectively. The developed ELISA is a useful method for the quantification of the thaumatin‐like kiwi allergen in kiwifruit extracts as well as the allergen level in kiwifruit‐containing food products. It may be a helpful analytical tool for the evaluation of the stability (integrity) of fruit allergen extracts for in vitro diagnosis.
Erythrodiol, a natural triterpenoid from olives, has antiproliferative and apoptotic activity in HT‐29 human adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Juan M. Emília , Wenzel Uwe , Daniel Hannelore , Planas Joana M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractErythrodiol is the precursor of pentacyclic triterpenic acids present in Olea Europaea. Although olive oil and some of its constituents are reported to have anticarcinogenic activities, erythrodiol has not been assessed in its cell biological functions in detail. We therefore determined its effects on cell growth and apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma HT‐29 cells. Proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis were measured by fluorescence‐based techniques. Erythrodiol inhibited cell growth with an EC50 value of 48.8 ± 3.7 μM without any cytotoxic effects in a concentration range up to 100 μM. However, exposure of cells for 24 h to 50, 100, and 150 μM erythrodiol increased caspase‐3‐like activity by 3.2‐, 4.8‐, and 5.2‐fold over that in control cells. We here demonstrate for the first time that, in colon adenocarcinoma cells, erythrodiol exerts antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity.
S100B Protein concentration in milk‐formulas for preterm and term infants Correlation with industrial preparation procedures
Authors: Nigro Francesco , Gagliardi Luigi , Ciotti Sabina , Galvano Fabio , Pietri Amedeo , Tina Gabriella Lucia , Cavallaro Daniela , La Fauci Luca , Iacopino Leonardo , Bognanno Matteo , Li Volti Giovanni , Scacco Antonio , Michetti Fabrizio , Gazzolo Diego 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHuman milk S100B protein possesses important neurotrophic properties. However, in some conditions human milk is substituted by milk formulas. The aims of the present study were: to assess S100B concentrations in milk formulas, to verify any differences in S100B levels between preterm and term infant formulas and to evaluate the impact of industrial preparation at predetermined phases on S100B content. Two different set of samples were tested: (i) commercial preterm (n = 36) and term (n = 36) infant milk formulas; ii) milk preterm (n = 10) and term infant (n = 10) formulas sampled at the following predetermined industrial preparation time points: skimmed cow milk (Time 0); after protein sources supplementation (Time 1); after pasteurization (Time 2); after spray‐drying (Time 3). Our results showed that S100B concentration in preterm formulas were higher than in term ones (p < 0.01). In addition, S100B concentrations during industrial preparation showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) at Time 1 followed by a slight decrease (p > 0.05) at Time 2, whereas a significant (p < 0.001) dip was observed at Time 3. In conclusion, S100B showed a sufficient thermostability to resist pasteurization but not spry‐drying. New feeding strategies in preterm and term infants are therefore warranted in order to preserve S100B protein during industrial preparation.
The influence of selenium on immune responses
Authors: Hoffmann Peter R. , Berry Marla J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSelenium (Se) is a potent nutritional antioxidant that carries out biological effects through its incorporation into selenoproteins. Given the crucial roles that selenoproteins play in regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox status in nearly all tissues, it is not surprising that dietary Se strongly influences inflammation and immune responses. The notion that Se “boosts” the immune system has been supported by studies involving aging immunity or protection against certain pathogens. However, studies examining the effects of Se status on other types of immunity such as antiparasitic responses or allergic asthma have suggested more Se may not always be beneficial. In this review, we summarize and compare the available data regarding how the levels of Se affect different types of immunity. Overall, determining how Se intake differentially affects various types of immune responses and dissecting the mechanisms by which this occurs will lead to a better utilization of Se‐supplementation for human diseases involving the immune system.
Differences of the porcine amelogenin X and Y chromosome genes (AMELX and AMELY) and their application for sex determination in pigs
Authors: Fontanesi Luca , Scotti Emilio , Russo Vincenzo 
Published: April 2008

AbstractMolecular sexing in wild and domestic animals has becoming an important issue in several fields including reproduction. X and Y chromosome‐specific sequence differences of the amelogenin genes (AMELX and AMELY) have been described in different mammalian species and used for sex determination. We studied the possibility to use sequence variability between the porcine AMELX and AMELY genes for sex determination in pigs. Sequence analysis of about 400 bp of intron 3 of the porcine amelogenin genes showed the presence of a 9–10 bp deletion in AMELY gene compared to AMELX sequences. Moreover, one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected for the AMELY sequence. Four other SNPs and 1 bp insertion differentiated three AMELX haplotypes indicating an unexpected quite high nucleotide diversity for a chromosome X region. Two sex determination assays targeting the 9–10 bp difference between AMELX and AMELY were developed. Assessment of the accuracy of the amelogenin assays to correctly sex individuals was tested on 329 pigs belonging to different breeds/lines. All analysed animals were correctly sexed with the new designed amelogenin tests. No amplification was obtained in human, cattle, goat, sheep, and horse genomic DNA. These assays can be used for sex diagnosis of small amounts of genomic DNA (20 pg) obtained from different sources including embryo biopsies, hair, meat, and other biological specimens. Thus, apart from the application in the reproduction field, these tests can be useful in several other sectors including forensics, archaeozoology, meat production, and processing as well as for quality control in sample identification. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1662–1668, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association of TGIFLX/Y mRNA expression with azoospermia in infertile men
Authors: Aarabi M. , Ousati‐Ashtiani Z. , Nazarian A. , Modarressi M.H. , Heidari M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHOX genes are well‐known to encode transcriptional regulatory proteins that play essential roles in directing embryonic development. TGIFLX/Y contains two genes, TGIFLX (X‐linked) and TGIFLY (Y‐linked), which are specifically expressed in human adult testes. The function(s) of these genes in normal and abnormal development are unknown. To investigate the potential role(s) of the TGIFLX/Y gene in infertile males, a nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed on testicular samples from 110 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Although the only 51 (46.4%) of the 110 patients had detectable levels of TGIFLY expression, none of the patients with various spermatogenesis defects showed any of the TGIFLX gene expression found in normal testes. These results suggest that the function of TGIFLX may be required for the regulation of spermatogonial stem cell specification and proliferation. While functional similarity has been demonstrated among some homeobox genes, these results may refute the suggestion of redundancy between TGIFLX and TGIFLY. Furthermore, TGIFLX might be a potential biomarker candidate for male infertility assessment. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1761–1766, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigating the role of murine epididymosomes and uterosomes in GPI‐linked protein transfer to sperm using SPAM1 as a model
Authors: Griffiths Genevieve S. , Galileo Deni S. , Reese Kristen , Martin‐DeLeon Patricia A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSperm uptake of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐linked proteins from luminal fluids has been shown to occur in male and estrous female reproductive tracts. In males, this is attributed to membranous vesicles secreted into the epididymis and prostate. While epididymosomes have been characterized, there have been no reports of the presence of vesicles in female luminal fluids. Here we report the presence of vesicles, characterized as “uterosomes,” in the murine estrous female reproductive fluid; and use Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1/PH‐20), a well‐known hyaluronidase found in male and female fluids, as a model to investigate vesicle‐mediated GPI‐linked protein transfer to sperm. Epididymosomes and uterosomes isolated after ultracentrifugation of epididymal (ELF) and uterine luminal fluid (ULF) were analyzed by electron microscopy and shown to be ∼10–70 and ∼15–50 nm in diameter. The structural integrity of uterosomes was confirmed by their resistance to hypo‐osmotic and freeze/thaw stresses; and immunogold labeling localized SPAM1 to their outer membrane surface, as was the case for epididymosomes. SPAM1 was acquired by caudal sperm during incubation in epididymosomes and uterosomes; uptake was abolished when the GPI anchor was enzymatically cleaved. Sperm analyzed by confocal and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after incubation in fluorescently labeled vesicles revealed the label on the membrane over the acrosome and midpiece of the flagella, where SPAM1 normally resides. High magnification TEM images demonstrated vesicles juxtaposed to the sperm plasma membrane potentially transferring SPAM1. Taken together, these results implicate vesicular docking as the mechanism of vesicle‐mediated GPI‐linked protein transfer to sperm from murine reproductive fluids. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 1627–1636, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection and characterization of gamete‐specific molecules in Mytilus edulis using selective antibody production
Authors: Stuckas Heiko , Messerschmidt Katrin , Putzler Sascha , Baumann Otto , Schenk Jörg A. , Tiedemann Ralph , Micheel Burkhard 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe mussel Mytilus edulis can be used as model to study the molecular basis of reproductive isolation because this species maintains its species integrity, despite of hybridizing in zones of contact with the closely related species M. trossulus or M. galloprovincialis. This study uses selective antibody production by means of hybridoma technology to identify molecules which are involved in sperm function of M. edulis. Fragmented sperm were injected into mice and 25 hybridoma cell clones were established to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Five clones were identified producing mAb targeting molecules putatively involved in sperm function based on enzyme immunoassays, dot and Western blotting as well as immunostaining of tissue sections. Specific localization of these mAb targets on sperm and partly also in somatic tissue suggests that all five antibodies bind to different molecules. The targets of the mAb obtained from clone G26‐AG8 were identified using mass spectrometry (nano‐LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) as M6 and M7 lysin. These acrosomal proteins have egg vitelline lyses function and are highly similar (76%) which explains the cross reactivity of mAb G26‐AG8. Furthermore, M7 lysin was recently shown to be under strong positive selection suggesting a role in interspecific reproductive isolation. This study shows that M6 and M7 lysin are not only found in the sperm acrosome but also in male somatic tissue of the mantle and the posterior adductor muscle, while being completely absent in females. The monoclonal antibody G26‐AG8 described here will allow elucidating M7/M6 lysin function in somatic and gonad tissue of adult and developing animals. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 76: 4–10, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synergistic effect between a char forming agent (CFA) and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polypropylene
Authors: Nie Shibin , Hu Yuan , Song Lei , He Qingliang , Yang Dandan , Chen Hao 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe synergistic effect between a char forming agent (CFA) and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) on the thermal and flame retardancy of polypropylene (PP) are investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94 test, cone calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), and water resistance test. The results of cone calorimetry show that heat release rate peak (PHRR), total heat release (THR), and the mass loss of PP with 30 wt% intumescent flame retardant (IFR, CFA/MAPP = 1:2) decreases remarkably compared with that of pure PP. The HRR, THR, and mass loss decrease, respectively from 1140 to 100 kW/m2, from 96 to 16.8 MJ/m2, and from 100 to 40%. The PP composite with CFA/MAPP = 1:2 has the best water resistance, and it can still obtain a UL‐94 V‐0 rating after 168 hr soaking in water. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Helical arrangement of a hydrogen‐bonded columnar liquid crystal induced by a centered triphenylene derivative bearing chiral side‐chains
Authors: Ishihara Shinsuke , Furuki Yusuke , Takeoka Shinji 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA hydrogen‐bonded helical columnar liquid crystal was synthesized, in which the helical structure is induced by a centered triphenylene derivative bearing chiral side‐chains. The triphenylene derivative, 2,6,10‐tris(carboxymethoxy)‐3,7,11‐tris((S)‐(‐)‐2‐methyl‐1‐butanoxy)triphenylene (TPC4(S)), and a dendric amphiphile, 3,5‐bis‐(3,4‐bis‐dodecyloxy‐benzyloxy)‐N‐pyridine‐4‐yl‐benzamide (DenC12), were mixed in a 1:3 ratio to obtain a complex, TPC4(S)‐DenC12. Analyses by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY), CD spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X‐ray diffractometry revealed that TPC4(S)‐DenC12 self‐assembles to form helical columnar stacks in solution and a helical columnar liquid crystal in bulk. The hydrogen bonding between TPC4(S) and DenC12 is essential for the helical columnar organization, and the preference for a one‐handed helical conformation is likely derived from the steric interaction between the chiral side‐chains and the dendric amphiphiles in the packing of the hydrogen‐bonded columnar assemblies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.