bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Biological Age With Conventional Ultrasound Imaging as an Alternative to X‐Ray—A Pilot Study in Youth Soccer
Authors: Widmer Chantal , Busch Jasmin D. , Born Dennis‐Peter , Romann Michael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to evaluate conventional ultrasound (US) as a radiation‐free alternative to X‐ray for determining biological age (BA; indicated by skeletal age). BA, was determined in 24 healthy, male, elite youth soccer goalkeepers around peak height velocity (11–16 years of age) using both X‐ray and conventional US scans of the left hand. X‐ray scans were evaluated using the Tanner–Whitehouse 2 method. Conventional US scans served to determine BA via ossification ratios of 13 hand and wrist bones. The new conventional US method showed very strong correlation with X‐ray r = 0.90 (p < 0.05). However, the agreement for the difference in BA and CA, which accounts for age‐related variance, was classified poor (ICC = 0.48, p < 0.05). Additionally, linear regression analysis and the Bland–Altman plot suggested the presence of a systematic and proportional overestimation of BA in younger players and an underestimation of BA in older players. Furthermore, Cohen's kappa showed a moderate agreement between players' classification into maturity groups for the two assessment methods. In conclusion, our study has shown that using US‐derived ossification ratios did not deliver valid results compared to X‐ray when determining BA in youth soccer goalkeepers.
Vine‐Copula Seismic Functionality Evaluation Method of Medical Room Systems Based on Shaking Table Tests
Authors: Liu Jin , Zhai Changhai , Pei Shunshun , Song Zhuoru , Zhou Bochang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA room, as a critical unit of a building, plays a key role in fulfilling functional demands, which relies on the coordinated performance of essential equipment and facilities. Understanding the seismic damage mechanisms and correlations among room components is crucial for assessing the post‐earthquake functionality of the rooms and the entire building. In this study, shaking table tests on a full‐scale medical room model were conducted to investigate these issues. The results revealed the damage correlations of medical equipment within the same room and that the damage patterns were influenced by room layouts and equipment spacing. Based on these findings, a functionality evaluation method for room systems was developed by using mutual information and vine copulas to account for the component correlations. Incorporating the experimental results, the model demonstrated its ability to describe the damage correlations among components. Moreover, the seismic fragility curves of the room system were provided by the proposed model. The proposed vine‐copula‐based method offers a novel tool for linking individual component fragility to the seismic functionality evaluation of building systems, enabling rapid evaluations of building and room system seismic functionality that consider damage correlations among components.
An Extensive Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques on Network Intrusion Detection for IoT
Authors: Walling Supongmen , Lodh Sibesh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed technology interactions by connecting devices and facilitating information exchange. However, IoT's interconnectivity presents significant security challenges, including network security, device vulnerabilities, data confidentiality, and authentication. Many IoT devices lack strong security measures, making them susceptible to misuse. Additionally, privacy concerns arise due to sensitive data storage. Solutions such as secure authentication, encryption, and encrypted communication are vital. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a crucial role in proactively protecting networks, yet they encounter significant challenges in identifying new intrusions and minimizing false alarms. To tackle these issues, researchers have developed IDS systems that leverage machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques. This survey article not only provides an in‐depth analysis of current IoT IDS but also summarizes the techniques, deployment strategies, validation methods, and datasets commonly used in the development of these systems. A thorough analysis of modern Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) publications is also included, which evaluates, examines, and contrasts NIDS approaches in the context of the IoT with regard to its architecture, detection methods, and validation strategies, dangers that have been addressed, and deployed algorithms setting it apart from earlier surveys that predominantly concentrate on traditional systems. We concentrate on IoT NIDS implemented by ML and DL in this survey given that learning algorithms have an excellent track record for success in security and privacy. The study, in our opinion, will be beneficial for academic and industrial research in identifying IoT dangers and problems, in implementing their own NIDS and in proposing novel innovative techniques in an IoT context while taking IoT limits into consideration.
Primary School Principals and Teachers Support School‐Provided Meals in Queensland, Australia: Brief Report of a Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Esdaile Emma K. , Wharton Lee , Vidgen Helen A. , Gallegos Danielle 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIssues AddressedThis research aimed to describe the level of support for school‐provided meals (SPMs) among primary school teachers and principals in Queensland, Australia.MethodsSecondary analysis from two surveys undertaken in 2022 to explore food and nutrition education, environments and resources in Queensland primary schools. Teachers were asked two questions, (1) if they thought a school‐provided breakfast or lunch would benefit the students at their school; and (2) if they have provided food for a student who has come to school hungry in the last month. Principals were asked if they thought school‐provided meals would benefit their students and reasons why. Data were analysed using descriptive statistical and thematic analysis.ResultsIn total 278 teachers/principals responded, predominantly from public schools. Teachers (n = 139) were more likely to come from larger, more socially advantaged urban schools and principals (n = 139) from smaller, more socially disadvantaged regional schools. More than 7 out of 10 teachers supported a school‐provided breakfast (72%) or lunch (71%) program, and just over half (70, 50.4%) had provided food for hungry students in the preceding month. Two‐thirds of principals supported SPMs (66%). Student wellbeing and tension with parents were key themes for support or opposition to SPMs among principals.ConclusionsPrincipal and teacher respondents from primary schools in diverse geographic and socioeconomic locations within Queensland showed high support for SPMs.
Challenges and Innovations in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pediatric Patients in Africa: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Uzun Mert , Zrara Nancy S. , Wodajo Essey K. , Zahra Najwa M. , Wojtara Magda , Uwishema Olivier 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMinimally invasive surgery (MIS) has proven to be a successful, developing improvement in surgical practice. Allowing surgeons to operate with minimal incisions, ensures the completion of such procedures with minimal damage to the patient and provides recovery in a shorter time. The use of MIS in the pediatric population has also been growing with the increased involvement of surgeons in the evaluation of training and expertise. In Africa, however, the growth of MIS in the pediatric population faces some obstacles which are in research and innovation, cost, and affordability. Additionally, to the scarcity of resources, the limited number of pediatric surgeons available leads to a substantial workload that affects the quality of care. This paper aims to evaluate the challenges facing MIS in Africa and assess its potential in the future.MethodsData were collected through online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, and Embase. The research team reviewed all relevant articles regarding MIS in Africa and pediatrics.ResultsThe utilization of MIS in the pediatric population in Africa faces some major challenges. In addition to the limited resources, there is a significantly disproportionate number of physicians per population, and the training received by pediatric surgeons rarely incorporates minimally invasive techniques. This leaves a lot of work to be done to allow better access to MIS on the African continent. The recent advances by Africans in minimally invasive and endoscopic surgical training programs, as well as the establishment of minimally invasive centers, show great promise in the attempt to increase the utilization of MIS in Africa.ConclusionsThe work done to grow the field of MIS application in Africa is commendable, but efforts need to be strengthened and focus needs to be given to ensure the sustainability of these programs. Furthermore, the work accomplished by countries like Egypt, Senegal, and Nigeria will serve as a huge teaching point to increase the technical expertise of surgeons in the region.
Intravesical fungus ball following robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy in diabetes mellitus patient
Authors: Suzuki Toru , Fukuda Takahiro , Nishizaki Kosuke , Fukui Koji , Tomono Masato , Matsuo Shohei , Arinobe Sayaka , Wakamatsu Yuta , Sugio Masakazu , Yoshioka Mutsunobu 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionA case with a rare complication considered to be related to a robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy procedure and medication given thereafter is presented.Case presentationA 73‐year‐old male diagnosed with prostate cancer underwent a robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy and lymphadenectomy. The medical history included type II diabetes mellitus managed with canagliflozin hydrate. Six months after the operation, the patient was affected by pneumaturia and soft yellowish tissue discharge during micturition. Candida species were detected in urine and soft tissue cultures. Based on a diagnosis of intravesical fungus ball, a transurethral resection was performed. It was considered that partial impairment of vesical blood supply caused by clamping of a branch of the inferior vesical artery during the lymphadenectomy procedure likely contributed to intravesical fungus ball formation.ConclusionAwareness of the various arteries supplying vesical blood flow and urogenital infection following sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor administration can be beneficial for the attending surgeon.
Scapula dyskinesis in medium‐sized full‐thickness rotator cuff tear after subacromial Lidocaine infiltration and rotator cuff reconstruction
Authors: Nyőgér Zoltán , Molnár Csenge A. , Szakály Norbert , Várnagy Anna , Terebessy Tamás , Gunther Tibor , Skaliczki Gábor 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeIn rotator cuff tears, scapular dyskinesis is often observed. The aim of our study is to better understand the cause and the role of scapular dyskinesis in rotator cuff tears and evaluate changes in scapulothoracic kinematics after Lidocaine subacromial injection and surgery in patients with medium‐sized (1–3 cm) rotator cuff tear.MethodsThe scapular motion during humerus sagittal flexion of nine healthy persons (healthy group, HG) and nine persons with a medium‐sized rotator cuff tear (surgery group, SG) was investigated using the VICON motion capture system and upper limb evaluation in movement analysis software. In addition, quality of life and functional outcomes were assessed in the SG group using American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons, Oxford and Constant‐Murley scores and rotator muscle force and Visual Analogue Scale score were evaluated. The SG was further divided into three subgroups: measurements were performed preoperatively (before surgery native subgroup—BSN), then after subacromial Lidocaine injection (before surgery injection subgroup—BSI) and 6 months after rotator cuff reconstruction (after surgery subgroup—AS). Changes observed after injection (BSI) and surgery (AS) were compared to the BSN.ResultsIn the BSI, a significant reduction (p < .025) in protraction was observed in the raising phase between 20° and 70° comparing it to the BSN, protraction decreased by 5.3° ± 7.9° (mean ± standard deviation [SD]). In the lowering phase between 80° and 30°, we registered a decrease of protraction by 6.0° ± 8.3° (mean ± SD). In the AS, we observed an approximation of protraction to the HG, but no significant change was detected.ConclusionSignificant reduction in scapular protraction was demonstrated with Lidocaine subacromial injection during both the arm raising and lowering phases. Six months of rehabilitation treatment in the postoperative period is not enough to fully eliminate scapular dyskinesis.Level of EvidenceLevel II.
3D printing technology is a more accurate tool than an experienced surgeon in performing femoral bone tunnels in multi‐ligament knee injuries
Authors: Fernández‐Poch Núria , Fillat‐Gomà Ferran , Gamundi Mireia , Grillo Giovanni , Yela‐Verdú Christian , Gil‐Gonzalez Sergi , Pelfort Xavier 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeCurrent surgical methods for multi‐ligament knee reconstruction involve the creation of several reconstruction tunnels in the distal femur. However, the limited bone mass in the knee increases the risk of tunnel convergence. Increasing the accuracy of tunnel direction can minimize tunnel collision during anatomical reconstruction. 3D‐printed patient‐specific instrumentation (PSI) has gained prominence in orthopaedic surgery due to its precision. This study aims to compare the accuracy of PSI with that of the ‘freehand’ approach by an experienced surgeon for drilling the medial and lateral femoral tunnels while adhering to the recommended angulations for multi‐ligament knee injuries.MethodsTen cadaveric knees underwent computerized tomography (CT) scans to identify anatomical femoral attachments of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL), popliteal tendon (PT), medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL). Using Materialise Mimics Medical v25.0 software, virtual planning of a bone tunnel for each ligament was performed, and a total of four tunnels per knee were obtained. Ten PSIs were designed for five knees: five for the medial side and five for the lateral side. The first five knees were operated on via PSI, and the other five knees were operated on by an experienced surgeon using freehand drilling based on preoperative plans. The angular deviation and entry point were assessed by overlaying post‐operative CT images onto preoperative CT images.ResultsIn the freehand group, the median angular deviation was 22.3°, with an interquartile range (IQR) of 17.6–25.2°. The PSI group presented a significantly greater accuracy in angular deviation for femoral tunnels of 5.7°, with an IQR of 4–8.2° (p < 0.001). Compared with that in the preoperative planning group, the median entry point distance in the freehand group was 5.5 mm, with an IQR of 2.6–8.8 mm. The PSI group had a median entry point distance of 4.2 mm, with an IQR of 3.6–5.7 mm (p = n.s).ConclusionsCompared with the freehand technique performed by an experienced surgeon, PSI demonstrated significantly greater accuracy in terms of the mean angular deviation.Level of EvidenceLevel V.
Elimination of residual adult T‐cell leukaemia clones by Tax‐targeted dendritic cell vaccine
Authors: Iino Tadafumi , Hasegawa Atsuhiko , Matsutani Takaji , Akashi Koichi , Kannagi Mari , Suehiro Youko 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundA pilot clinical study of a Tax peptide‐pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccine for adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) indicated favourable clinical outcomes.MethodsWe investigated its anti‐tumour effect by T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire analysis in samples from an enrolled ATL patient who achieved a 10‐year complete remission after DC vaccination.ResultsIn this patient, the dominant residual ATL clones that had persisted following previous treatment entirely disappeared within 3 years after DC vaccination. Additionally, the DC vaccine restored TCR repertoire diversity of normal T cells and newly induced functional Tax‐specific CD8+ T cell clones.ConclusionsThe recovery of normal T cell immunity mediated by the DC vaccine may contribute to this long‐lasting remission.
Things We Do for No Reason: Routine use of antibiotics for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis
Authors: Marino Nikolas Evan , Speaker Sidra Lenore , Rossettie John , Kwan Brian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe treatment of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis (UD) with antibiotics remains common despite substantial evidence supporting the non‐inferiority of nonantibiotic outpatient management. In the past 15 years, there have been two landmark randomized‐controlled clinical trials, follow‐up studies, and numerous retrospective studies that have supported the non‐inferiority of nonantibiotic management of UD. Multiple medical societies including the American Gastroenterological Association and the American College of Physicians recommend using antibiotics selectively rather than routinely in UD. We aim to raise physician awareness of the latest guideline recommendations through our article, potentially improving antibiotic stewardship and reducing related healthcare costs.
Gaps and opportunities in on‐host winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus) surveillance in North America
Authors: Koser Troy M. , Déry Florent , Spitz Benjamin , Chenery Emily S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe investigation and management of the impacts of winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus) infestations on moose (Alces alces) in North America necessitates coordinated surveillance and intervention efforts. However, variations in parasite surveillance methods and potential biases towards sampling specific host species for this generalist parasite can impede attempts to standardize observed disease patterns across vast regions and into the future. We collected and classified records of winter tick surveillance on ungulate hosts throughout North America to identify trends and biases in species, space, and time, with the aim of identifying gaps and suggesting improvements to existing practices. We conducted a literature review spanning a century of winter tick reports on free‐roaming or wild ungulate hosts in North America, resulting in 125 relevant records. From this sample, we compiled information on host species and surveillance method details and categorized winter tick quantification techniques based on their perceived insight for analyses and interventions, assigned as an ecological information value (Eco‐IV) ranging from 0 to 3. We examined variations in Eco‐IV among free‐roaming ungulates based on species, literature type, and data source. Among the 18 identified ungulate hosts, moose, white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and elk (Cervus canadensis) were most frequently reported. We observed a higher Eco‐IV for moose, indicating an abundance of species‐specific information, and a lower Eco‐IV (less information available) for methods focusing on white‐tailed deer. Limited sample sizes prevented the identification of patterns of knowledge acquisition for elk. Eco‐IVs in other ungulate species were consistently lower than moose, white‐tailed deer, and elk, regardless of literature type or data source. Exotic and invasive species systematically lacked detailed methods (Eco‐IV = 0). These findings highlight significant information gaps that impede the ability to compare winter tick infestation rates across studies, geographic regions, and host species, thus hindering coordinated management actions. We recommend standardizing winter tick quantification methods for all ungulate host species, specifically other common winter tick hosts such as white‐tailed deer and elk, and increased communication among groups working on tick–host systems to address these gaps.
Surgical Complications for Oral Cavity Cancer: Evaluating Hospital Performance
Authors: van Oorschot Hanneke Doremiek , Hardillo Jose Angelito , van Es Robert J.J. , van den Broek Guido B. , Takes Robert Paul , Halmos Gyorgy Bela , de Jel Dominique Valerie Clarence , Dirven Richard , Lacko Martin , Vaassen Lauretta Anna Alexandra , Hendrickx Jan‐Jaap , Oomens Marjolijn Abigal Eva‐Maria , Ghaeminia Hossein , Jansen Jeroen C. , Vesseur Annemarie , Bun Rolf , Schwandt Leonora Q. , Krabbe Christiaan A. , Klein Nulent Thomas J.W. , Klijn Reinoud J. , van Bemmel Alexander J.M. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert Jan 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveComplications of oral cavity cancer (OCC) surgery have an impact on the quality of life. Therefore, evaluating hospital performance on complication rates can help identify best practices for improving the quality of OCC care. As patient and tumor characteristics also impact hospital results, case‐mix adjustment should be considered to provide a valid hospital comparison. This study investigated hospital variation in the quality indicator “a complicated postoperative course” after OCC surgery.MethodsThis population‐based cohort included all first primary OCC patients diagnosed between 2018 and 2021 who were surgically treated with curative intent. A complicated postoperative course was defined as 30‐day mortality, unplanned readmission, surgical complications requiring reintervention or prolonged hospital stay, or fistula formation. Hospital performance was analyzed using funnel plots with case‐mix correction.ResultsA total of 2,266 OCC patients could be included. The distribution of case‐mix variables varied significantly between hospital populations. Nationally, a complicated postoperative course occurred in 13.9% and uncorrected hospital rates ranged from 2.7% to 31.1%. A WHO performance score ≥2, cT3‐T4 tumors, and floor‐of‐mouth tumors were associated with an increased risk of a complicated postoperative course, and non‐squamous cell carcinoma with a decreased risk. Significant outliers remained after case‐mix correction for patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics.ConclusionComplications after OCC surgery are prevalent, especially regarding extensive tumors and surgery. To identify best practices in OCC surgery, hospital performance on a complicated postoperative course should be adjusted for case‐mix and treatment variables. Providing feedback on hospital performance for complications can instigate improvement plans for better outcomes.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2025