bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPLEX ASSESSMENT AND FORMATION OF SCENARIOS ENSURING THE BUSINESS ENTITIES INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN THE GLOBAL CHALLENGES CONDITIONS
Authors: Tatar Maryna , Tolchinin-Burunskyi Yevhenii 
Published: April 2024

The new global challenges that Ukraine has faced have an ambiguous effect on the process of attracting investments in the development of the economy. The key negative factors are war and related violations of international logistics due to the destruction and closure of airports, ports, closed borders; liquidation of vital infrastructure; mass displacement of the population, which is caused by active hostilities, which creates economic threats for investing in any projects of the country due to the risks of their freezing or disruption; the annexation of certain regions, as a result of which the process of business relocation from dangerous regions became more active, causing the emergence of additional risks and losses; decrease in economic indicators and the potential of economic development, lack of a system of guaranteeing and protecting foreign investments at the state level. Therefore, ensuring investment attractiveness at the macro and micro levels is complicated by existing global challenges and requires special attention, taking into account the fact that the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy requires attracting a sufficient level of investment on mutually beneficial terms.
The article assesses the investment attractiveness level on the example of one of the business entities using various methods, compares the results obtained, and forms scenarios for ensuring investment attractiveness. Depending on the level of investment attractiveness of the enterprise and the corresponding type of investment potential, as well as the investment attractiveness of the industry, it is proposed to use one of the basic scenarios for ensuring investment attractiveness and the formation and realization of investment potential, which involve the implementation of one or another strategy
FUNDRAISING OF SOCIAL PROJECTS
Authors: Lohinova Olha 
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the key aspects of fundraising for social projects: Fundraising in social projects has a clearly defined goal - raising funds to solve specific social problems. It can be health, education, environment, assistance to vulnerable groups, etc.Successful fundraising is based on public support. It is important to be able to effectively communicate your goals, tell success stories, and build relationships with donors and volunteers. With the use of modern technologies, social projects can more effectively achieve their financial goals. Online platforms, digital campaigns, and other innovative tools allow them to expand their audience and ensure greater transparency.Collaboration with business, civil society organizations and the public sector can significantly increase fundraising opportunities. Partnerships allow sharing resources and effectively addressing social issues. Fundraising for social projects requires a high level of ethics. Donors and the public expect that funds will be spent efficiently and honestly. Transparency and accountability become important. Donations and grants are mainly raised with the help of fundraising.
By analyzing and systematizing various approaches to defining fundraising, we have improved and developed the essence of the concept of «fundraising activities» as a system of comprehensive measures to mobilize and raise funds to support the activities of public or charitable organizations, implement socially important projects and implement promising non-commercial research developments, which can be carried out at all levels of society, regardless of the form of ownership, nature of financing
MARKETING ASPECTS OF TOURISM ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT: ECO TRENDS AND DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Neshchadym Liudmila 
Published: April 2024

The article explores the marketing aspect of managing tourism enterprises, taking into account the eco trends of modernity. It is specified that as of today, environmental problems are acute in the international economic environment, every year the level of negative impact of the results of the activities of enterprises of various industries on the environment increases. It is substantiated that environmental sustainability is becoming an increasingly important factor in the service sector.
The article notes that recently, new large hotel and restaurant complexes are increasingly being built that produce waste and pollution in large volumes, with which power structures and the public are not able to cope. Excessive consumption of energy, water, fuel by tourists often takes these resources from the local population. Natural resources are limited and their overexploitation or mismanagement may result in a lack of important sources of supply for important elements in the medium or long term; such as water, electricity, land, trees, etc.
It has been researched that it is worth highlighting separately environmental friendliness, careful attitude to non-renewable resources and the use of renewable resources in the organization of economic activity of tourist enterprises. In addition to this awareness of its place on the planet and the impact on the environment, the demand for environmentally friendly services is becoming more common among the population, so service enterprises must take into account the environmental needs of the population in their activities.
It is proved that some of the key aspects of environmental sustainability of service enterprises are indicators of productivity and environmental sustainability, as well as management of environmental indicators in order to establish the effectiveness of this process. The main question is how environmentally sustainable business affects the productivity of a hotel or restaurant, and what are the most important indicators of environmental business.
It is substantiated that environmental protection and the solution of key environmental problems are becoming increasingly important factors in the tourism industry and affect competitiveness in the market, as a result of which the key issue is the ability to manage environmental and mental indicators and establish efficiency in this process
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dengan Mengajari Microsoft Word Bagi Anak Muda di Kampung Enggros, Kota Jayapura
Authors: Tuhumena Lolita , Hamzah Hardi , Kuddi Bobi Frans , Appa Felycitiae E. , Papriani Nada Pratiwi , Pattinaja Yvonne I. , Tomasila Leopold A. , Gea Liyatin , Sumardi Sitti Rosnafi’an , Mishbach Imam , Umbekna Sara , Paranoan Nicea R. 
Published: April 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan tujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan anak-anak tentang penggunaan komputer dan pengenalan terhadap Microsot office yaitu Microsoft word di Kampung Enggros, Distrik Abepura, Kota Jayapura. Permasalahan yang terjadi yaitu anak-anak SD sampai dengan SMP belum semua mengenal tools yang ada di Microsoft word. Oleh sebab itu perlu untuk mengenalkan perangkat tersebut kepada mereka. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian ini melalui tiga tahapan yaitu pertama pengenalan alat, kedua praktek dan ketiga sesi tanya jawab. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diberikan kepada anak sekolah pada jenjang pendidikan SD sampai dengan SMP yang melibatkan Ecodefender, Lantamal X, Dosen FMIPA Uncen, Mahasiswa/i dari Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Planologi serta Mahasiwa Ilmu Perikanan (IKP) dan SI (Sistem Informasi). Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh Dosen FMIPA Uncen yaitu perihal pengajaran dan pendampingan tentang Microsfot Word kepada siswa/siswi SMP dan diadakan sebanyak dua kali dari bulan Maret sampai dengan April Tahun 2023.
A quantitative comparative surgical analysis of the endoscopic transorbital approach and frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic approach for extradural exposure of the cavernous sinus
Authors: Evins Alexander I. , Sistiaga Iñigo L. , Quispe-Flores Andrei H. , Castro Marinelle M. , Atchley Travis J. , Pérez-Fernández Silvia , Pomposo Iñigo , Stieg Philip E. , Bernardo Antonio 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
Recently, the endoscopic superior eyelid transorbital approach (SETA) has emerged as a potential alternative to access the cavernous sinus (CS). Several previous studies have attempted to quantitatively compare the traditional open anterolateral skull base approaches with transorbital exposure; however, these comparisons have been limited to the area of exposure provided by the bone opening and trajectory, and fail to account for the main avenues of exposure provided by subsequent requisite surgical maneuvers. The authors quantitatively compare the surgical access provided by the frontotemporal-orbitozygomatic (FTOZ) approach and the SETA following applicable periclinoid surgical maneuvers, evaluate the surgical exposure of key structures in each, and discuss optimal approach selection.

METHODS
SETA and FTOZ approaches were performed with subsequent applicable surgical maneuvers on 8 cadaveric heads. The lengths of exposure of cranial nerves (CNs) II–VI and the cavernous internal carotid artery; the areas of the space accessed within the supratrochlear, infratrochlear, and supramaxillary (anteromedial) triangles; the total area of exposure; and the angles of attack were measured and compared.

RESULTS
Exposure of the extradural CS was comparable between approaches, whereas access was significantly greater in the FTOZ approach compared with the SETA. The lengths of extradural exposure of CN III, V1, V2, and V3 were comparable between approaches. The FTOZ approach provided marginally increased exposure of CNs IV (20.9 ± 2.36 mm vs 13.4 ± 3.97 mm, p = 0.023) and VI (14.1 ± 2.44 mm vs 9.22 ± 3.45 mm, p = 0.066). The FTOZ also provided significantly larger vertical (44.5° ± 6.15° vs 18.4° ± 1.65°, p = 0.002) and horizontal (41.5° ± 5.40° vs 15.3° ± 5.06°, p < 0.001) angles of attack, and thus significantly greater surgical freedom, and provided significantly greater access to the supratrochlear (p = 0.021) and infratrochlear (p = 0.007) triangles, and significantly greater exposure of the cavernous internal carotid artery (17.2 ± 1.70 mm vs 8.05 ± 2.37 mm, p = 0.001). Total area of exposure was also significantly larger in the FTOZ, which provided wide access to the lateral wall of the CS as well as the possibility for intradural access.

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to quantitatively identify the relative advantages of the FTOZ and transorbital approaches at the target region following requisite surgical maneuvers. Understanding these data will aid in selecting an optimal approach and maneuver set based on target lesion size and location.
Navigation-guided endoscopic lumbar decompression on foramen and lateral recess in advanced scoliosis
Authors: Setiawan Dimas Rahman , Giordan Enrico , Lee Changik , Park Chan Woong , Pholprajug Phattareeya , Kim Jin-Sung 
Published: April 2024

An 84-year-old woman presented with left leg radiating pain for 18 months and a numeric rating scale score of 8. From examination, motoric on left knee extension was grade 4, with dysesthesia and numbness along the left anterolateral thigh. Imaging showed left L3–4 foraminal and lateral recess stenosis with severe-degree scoliosis. The patient underwent navigation-guided endoscopic transforaminal foraminotomy and lateral recess decompression on the left L3–4 level with a good outcome. Three-years’ follow-up showed a well-maintained clinical outcome and coronal sagittal balance. This video explores navigation-guided endoscopic lumbar decompression for neural compression in advanced scoliosis. Further research is encouraged to establish long-term efficacy.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.1.FOCVID23195
Minimally invasive anterior cervical foraminotomy for unilateral radiculopathy
Authors: Trimble Duncan J. , Sheinberg Dallas L. , Cochran Joseph A. 
Published: April 2024

Anterior cervical foraminotomy (ACF) is an alternative surgical option for the treatment of refractory unilateral radiculopathy due to disc herniation or spondylosis. The efficacy and adverse event rate in experienced practitioners are comparable to those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, total disc arthroplasty, and posterior foraminotomy. However, this technique has not been widely adopted, likely because of the proximity of the working zone and the vertebral artery. The authors present a detailed operative video of a patient successfully treated with an ACF. They also present a review of the ACF literature.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.1.FOCVID23196
Biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using a large cage for degenerative spondylolisthesis with stenosis
Authors: Heo Dong Hwa 
Published: April 2024

Recently, biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) has been used to treat lumbar degenerative diseases, such as lumbar instability and spondylolisthesis. Biportal endoscopic TLIF may have the advantages of endoscopic spine approaches and minimally invasive lumbar fusion surgeries. In this biportal endoscopic TLIF, large cages similar to oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) cages have been used. Biportal endoscopic TLIF using a large cage can be successfully performed in the lower lumbar area. The author presents the surgical technique of biportal endoscopic TLIF using a large cage.
The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.1.FOCVID23231
First use of intraventricular nicardipine in a pediatric patient with vasospasm secondary to meningitis: illustrative case
Authors: Horak V. Jane , Patel Nirali , Abdelmageed Sunny , Scoville Jonathan , LoPresti Melissa A , Lam Sandi 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Cerebral vasospasm is commonly associated with adult aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage but can develop in children. The standard vasospasm treatment includes induced hypertension, avoidance of hypovolemia, systemic use of the calcium channel blocker (CCB) nimodipine, and cerebral angiography for intraarterial therapy. Emerging treatments in adults, such as intraventricular CCB administration, have not been investigated in children. This study demonstrates the successful use of an intraventricular CCB in a pediatric patient with refractory vasospasm secondary to meningitis.

OBSERVATIONS
A 12-year-old female presented with Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis and ventriculitis with refractory symptomatic cerebral vasospasm. She received a 5-day course of intrathecal nicardipine through an existing external ventricular drain. Her clinical status, transcranial Doppler studies, and radiography improved. Treatment was well tolerated.

LESSONS
Pediatric vasospasm is uncommon and potentially devastating. The management of vasospasm in adults occurs frequently. Principles of this management are adapted to pediatric care given the rarity of vasospasm in children. The use of intraventricular nicardipine has been reported in the care of adults with level 3 evidence. It has not been adequately reported in children with refractory vasospasm. Here, the first use of intraventricular nicardipine in treating pediatric cerebral vasospasm in the setting of meningitis is described and highlighted.
Thoracic root–related intradural extramedullary cavernoma presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage: illustrative case
Authors: Martins Coelho Junior Vicente de Paulo , Toop Nathaniel , Kobalka Peter , Chakravarthy Vikram B 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Just 5% of all cavernomas are located in the spine. Thoracic root–related subtypes are the rarest, with a total of 14 cases reported in the literature to date. Among them, only 4 presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

OBSERVATIONS
A 65-year-old female presented after an ictus of headache with no neurological deficits. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated sulcal SAH, with the remainder of the workup nondiagnostic for etiology. Three weeks later, she re-presented with acute thoracic back pain and thoracic myelopathy. CT and magnetic resonance imaging suggested dubiously a T9–10 disc herniation with spinal cord compression. Surgical decompression and resection were then planned. Intraoperative ultrasound (IUS) demonstrated an intradural extramedullary lesion, confirmed to be cavernoma. Complete resection was achieved, and the patient was discharged a few days postoperatively to inpatient rehabilitation.

LESSONS
Although spine imaging is deemed to be low yield in the evaluation of cryptogenic SAH, algorithms can be revisited even in the absence of spine-related symptoms. Surgeons can be prepared to change the initial surgical plan, especially when preoperative imaging is unclear. IUS is a powerful tool to assess the thecal sac after its exposure and to help guide this decision, as in this rare entity.
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Kalurahan Berdasarkan UU Keistimewaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Maharani Jennie , Suryani Dewi Amanatun 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini tentang Implementasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Kalurahan Berdasarkan UU Keistimewaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Latar belakang dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah bahwa meskipun pembangunan telah dilaksanakan namun angka kemiskinan yang ada di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tergolong masih cukup tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif yang berasal dari dua sumber data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian ini ditelaah menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan publik yang dikemukakan oleh Merilee S. Grindle serta melihat capaian indikator keberhasilan dari Implementasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Kalurahan Berdasarkan UU Keistimewaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan disimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat beberapa kendala/hambatan dilihat dari indikator teori Merilee S. Grindle dan capaian indikator Implementasi Kebijakan Pembangunan Kalurahan Berdasarkan UU Keistimewaan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta belum memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terutama pada pengurangan angka pengangguran.
Analisis Kesiapan Kerja di Bidang Penyuluh Agama Islam Mahasiswa Akhir Prodi Bimbingan Penyuluhan Islam
Authors: Wirtati Ira , Sahputra Dika , Izzatunnisa Yasmin 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa yang mendekati akhir masa studinya yaitu angkatan 2020. Karena subjek dalam penelitian ini diyakini telah mencapai kriteria yang diinginkan maka mereka dianggap sebagai subjek penelitian. Bahwa permasalahan mahasiswa akhir dalam kaitannya dengan dunia kerja adalah mahasiswa tidak yakin apakah pekerjaannya sesuai dengan ilmu yang diperolehnya atau tidak. Selanjutnya masih ada sebagian mahasiswa khususya di Prodi BPI yang kurang yakin akan kemapuan, keterampilan yang dimilki. Hal ini yang menjdi dasar peneliti untuk meneliti lanjutan secara kompehensip mengenai kesiapan kerja mahasiswa Prodi BPI pada stambuk 2020 di bidang Penyuluh agama Islam. Penelitian ini menggukan Pendekatan Deskriptif Kuantitatif. Populasi dalam Penlitian ini 127 Mahasiswa, Sample 88 Mahasiswa yang masih semester VII/Aktif. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan Skala model Likert dengan lima alternatif pilihan jawaban. Teknik analsisi data dengan Analasisi deskriptif Hasil Penlitian ini menunjukan bahwa Semua indicator pada kesipan kerja berda pada ketegori Tinggi. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mahasiswa siap dalam menghadapi kerja khusuunya dalam bidang penyuluhan islam.
Assessment of Interleukin-17 levels in patients with hepatitis C Viral Infection
Authors: Mohammed Rafal M. , A. Hamid Zainab 
Published: April 2024

Background: The roll of IL-17 during chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not well understood. Elevated levels of IL-17 may increase the risk of liver fibrosis development in chronic HCV infection. However, the exact mechanism of how IL-17 contributes to the progression of HCV infection remains.
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between HCV infection and IL-17. This was done by measuring the serum levels of interleukins and the viral load of HCV in patients with HCV infections.
Methodology: The study included fifty HCV patients who were receiving treatment at the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital / Medical City Complex in Baghdad. The study was conducted between November 2022 and April 2023, and the study groups were matched with 50 controls based on age and sex. Seven milliliters of venous blood samples were taken from all participants to test for anti-HCV antibodies using an ELISA kit, quantitative measurement of HCV RNA by PCR, and estimation of serum levels of IL-17.
Results: The range of HCV viral RNA titers among the patients was 165-55595000 copies/ml, and all of them tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies. On the other hand, the control group tested negative for the virus. The mean concentration of IL-17 in the patients’ group was 1458.03 (±165.7) pg/ml, while the control group had a mean of 628.04 (±163.0) pg/ml (P < 0.0001). The R-value for HCV viral load and IL-17 was 0.1388. It is worth noting that the mean serum IL-17 concentration was highest among the patients aged ≥ 50 years old. As for the HCV patients on treatment, their mean viral load was 406,3051.90 copies/ml, and their mean IL-17 concentration was 1444.56 pg/ml. The patients who did not receive treatment had a mean higher mean viral load of 765,525.94 copies/ml, and their mean IL-17 concentration was 1484.19 pg/ml.
Conclusion: The concentration of IL-17 was found to be significantly higher in patients with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and it showed a weak positive correlation with HCV viral load. Moreover, older patients with HCV had higher levels of IL-17 in their blood. However, the measurement of HCV viral load and IL-17 did not show any significant differences in their readings.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding the Screening of Colorectal Cancer among Primary Care Physicians in Baghdad During 2022
Authors: M. Abbas Mais , A. Alkhazrajy Lujain 
Published: April 2024

الخلفية: سرطان القولون والمستقيم هو ثالث أكثر أنواع السرطانات شيوعًا ورابع سبب رئيسي للوفاة في العالم. لا يزال سرطان القولون والمستقيم في العراق من أمراض كبار السن ويتزايد في معدلات الإصابة والوفيات في جميع الفئات العمرية. وهذا يستدعي إعادة النظر في السياسة الصحية المتعلقة بسرطان القولون والمستقيم ؛ الوعي العام ، والفحص ، واستراتيجيات الإدارة لاستيعاب هذه التغييرات المقلقة.
الأهداف: لتقييم المعرفة والسلوك والممارسات لأطباء الرعاية الأولية فيما يتعلق بسرطان القولون والمستقيم والفحص المبكر. ومعرفة أي ارتباط بين هذه العوامل بمتغيرات معينة للمشاركين.
منهجية البحث: أجريت دراسة مقطعية في بغداد ، من 1 يونيو 20220 حتى 1 يناير 2023. تم جمع بيانات 400 طبيب يقدمون خدمات الرعاية الصحية الأولية عن طريق مقابلة مباشرة باستخدام استبيان منظم ذاتيًا. التحليل الإحصائي: تم ادخال البيانات وتحليلها إلى برنامج التحليل الاحصائي SPSS الإصدار (26) وعرضت بالأرقام والجداول والرسوم البيانية. تم استخدام اختبار مربع كاي لإظهار الارتباط. تم اعتبار قيمة P أقل من 0.05 ذات دلالة إحصائية.
النتائج: كان متوسط ​​العمر 38.02±7.619 سنة. وجد ان نسبة الذكور 27.3٪ (109) من عينة الدراسة بينما بلغت نسبة الإناث 72.8٪ (291). كان تقييم المعرفة جيدة بين 268 (67.0٪) ، وكان السلوك إيجابيًا بين 178 (44.5٪) ، ووجدت ان الممارسة جيدة بين 122 (30.5٪) مشاركًا. كانت المعرفة الجيدة أعلى بشكل ملحوظ بين المشاركين ضمن الفئة العمرية 36-45 سنة ، وسنوات العمل أقل من 10 سنوات ، و اطباء الاسرة المقيمين (قيمة الدلالة الاحصائية = 0.002 , 0.03 , و اقل من 0.001) على التوالي. كان السلوك الإيجابي أعلى بشكل ملحوظ بين المشاركات الاناث (0.001) و السلوك المتوسط اعلى بين الاطباء الممارسين (اقل من 0.001) . كانت المعرفة الجيدة هي السائدة بشكل كبير بين المشاركين ذوي السلوك الإيجابي والممارسة الجيدة (اقل من 0.001 و 0.032) على التوالي.