bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The PSI-Process Scales. A new measure to assess the intensity and breadth of parasocial processes
Authors: Schramm Holger , Hartmann Tilo 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Research on parasocial interactions (PSI) and parasocial relationships (PSR) refers back to a tradition of 50 years. However, research on both phenomena still suffers from overlapping definitions and resulting measurements that do not distinguish between PSI and PSR. The present study presents a post-exposure measurement tool (the PSI-Process Scales) that aims to measure PSI instead of PSR. It is derived from a theoretical model that specifically focuses on PSI. Psychometric analyses indicate the tool's high usability. It is capable of displaying both the intensity and the dimensionality of PSI. It can be applied to measure both positive and negative PSI across all TV formats, without changing the item wording. In sum, the PSI-Process-Scales may offer a valuable alternative for researchers in the field, specifically if they want to assess parasocial processes that take place throughout TV exposure.
Spekulationen zum Anfang von Sprache
Authors: Wunderlich Dieter 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe article considers four scenarios along the way human language developed, the neolithic transition from nomadic to agricultural societies, the upper paleolithic revolution when a sudden proliferation of art, tools and complex social organization took place, the emergence ofhomosapiens possibly supported by the rise of the vocalization ability, and the emergence ofhomo ergaster/erectusaccompanied with a rapid growth of the brain, and discusses in what respect these different scenarios contribute to the linguistic capacity of modern man. In particular, the thesis offered within the Minimalist Program that the language faculty in the narrow sense is a product of the upper paleolithic revolution is questioned. It is argued, instead, for a different view, namely that early morphology evolved as a reinterpretation of phonological alternations just in time when phonological features were developed, whereas a considerable amount of syntax proper evolved only when the neolithic transition had changed the circumstances of communication. However, the faculty of combining meaningful elements, as well as the faculty of recursion, may well have developed quite earlier at the time ofhomo erectus.
A Review and Updated Assessment of Florida's Anadromous Shads: American Shad and Hickory Shad
Authors: McBride Richard S. , Holder Jay C. 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
This paper reviews the history of fishing, regulations, and stock assessments for Florida's anadromous shad species—American shad Alosa sapidissima and hickory shad A. mediocris—and assesses their status in Florida's St. Johns River based on a creel survey and an electrofishing survey. Historically, these anadromous shads constituted an important fishery in Florida. Landings were first reported in the 1860s, and scientific assessments occurred in the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s. Netting restrictions effectively ended the commercial fishery in the 1990s. We used recreational catch rates as a proxy for stock size and found it to be low but stable during 1993–2005. The mean length of American shad was significantly less during 2002–2005 than it was historically (1958), and the recent proportions of female American and hickory shad were significantly lower than the historical proportions. These data were interpreted as demonstrating a negative, but perhaps only an historical, effect of fishing. The rebuilding of Florida's anadromous shad stocks via fishing regulations was not evident; this may require more time, or perhaps factors other than fishing are interfering with the rebuilding process.
Influence of Gravel Mining and Other Factors on Detection Probabilities of Coastal Plain Fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama
Authors: Hayer Cari‐Ann , Irwin Elise R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe used an information‐theoretic approach to examine the variation in detection probabilities for 87 Piedmont and Coastal Plain fishes in relation to instream gravel mining in four Alabama streams of the Mobile River drainage. Biotic and abiotic variables were also included in candidate models. Detection probabilities were heterogeneous across species and varied with habitat type, stream, season, and water quality. Instream gravel mining influenced the variation in detection probabilities for 38% of the species collected, probably because it led to habitat loss and increased sedimentation. Higher detection probabilities were apparent at unmined sites than at mined sites for 78% of the species for which gravel mining was shown to influence detection probabilities, indicating potential negative impacts to these species. Physical and chemical attributes also explained the variation in detection probabilities for many species. These results indicate that anthropogenic impacts can affect detection probabilities for fishes, and such variation should be considered when developing monitoring programs or routine sampling protocols.
Phase transition and high pressure behavior of Zirconium and Niobium carbides
Authors: Singh Archana , Aynyas Mahendra , Sanyal Sankar 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
We have predicted the phase transition pressure (PT)and high pressure behavior of Zirconium and Niobium carbide (ZrC, NbC). The high pressure structural phase transitions in ZrC and NbC has been studied by using a two body inter-ionic potential model, which includes the Coulomb screening effect, due to the semi-metallic nature of these compounds. These transition metal carbides have been found to undergo NaCl (B1) to CsCl (B2)-type structural phase transition, at high pressure like other binary systems. We predict such structural transformation in ZrC and NbC at a pressure of 98GPa and 85GPa respectively. We have also predicted second order elastic constant and bulk modulus. The present theoretical work has been compared with the corresponding experimental data and prediction of LAPW and GGA and LDA theories.
Modelling of vibrations of a liquid filled tank
Authors: Trębacki Kazimierz 
Published: November 2008

Modelling of vibrations of a liquid filled tank
Kinematic excitations provoke the motion and vibrations of the construction, which in turn considerably affects hydrodynamic loads generated on the walls of liquid cargo tanks. The issues of hydrodynamics also refer to the constructions fixed to the bottom, and those half-immersed, fully immersed, and floating (drilling platforms). They mainly concern ship tanks and oceanotechnical tanks. The theoretical and numerical analysis for long an short tanks, fully or partially filled with liquid has been performed. The determined hydrodynamic loads directly refer to the strength of the tank structure, which provides opportunities for determining the constructional strength of the entire hull. Extremely severe requirements are to be met by tanks used for carrying radioactive liquids, as an extremely high safety level is to be secured on all cargo carriers used in marine and land transport.
Graphical presentation of the power of energy losses and power developed in the elements of hydrostatic drive and control system: Part I Rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control systems
Authors: Paszota Zygmunt 
Published: November 2008

Graphical presentation of the power of energy losses and power developed in the elements of hydrostatic drive and control system: Part I Rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control systems
Paper proposes and justifies a diagram of the direction of increase of power stream from the shaft or piston rod of a hydraulic motor to the pump shaft, power increasing as an effect of the imposed power of energy losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements. Graphical interpretation of the power of energy losses in the hydrostatic drive and control system elements and also of the power developed by those elements is presented. An individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a constant capacity pump cooperating with an overflow valve in a constant pressure system p = cte ≈ pn is analyzed and also an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a constant capacity pump cooperating with an overflow valve controlled in a variable pressure system: p = var, an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a variable capacity pump cooperating with a pressure regulator in a constant pressure system p = cte ≈ pn and an individual system with the rotational hydraulic motor speed series throttling control fed by a variable capacity pump cooperating with the Load Sensing regulator in a variable pressure p = var system.
A method of diagnosing labyrinth seals in fluid-flow machines
Authors: Krzyślak Piotr , Winowiecki Marian 
Published: November 2008

A method of diagnosing labyrinth seals in fluid-flow machines
Steam turbines constitute fluid flow machines which are used for driving engines of power plants, merchant and naval ships. They are commonly applied in power industry to driving electric generators. One of the impotant elements which affect efficiency of steam turbines used in power industry and for ship propulsion is state of labyrinth sealings whose aim is to minimize losses associated with steam leakage within turbine casing. Until now to assess state of labyrinth sealings has been only possible after stopping the turbine and its dismantling in order to determine values of clearances in the sealings. This paper presents a method which makes it possible to assess state of labyrinth sealings without the necessity of stopping and dismantling the machine. This is the method which allows to assess on-line state of machine sealings during its operation.
Complex approach to selection and evaluation of the fire safety measures to be applied during repair of refrigerated holds
Authors: Sychta Zygmunt 
Published: November 2008

Complex approach to selection and evaluation of the fire safety measures to be applied during repair of refrigerated holds
This paper presents an analysis of fire hazard during repair work of refrigerated hold with a view of specificity of its equipment and construction, as well as the algorithm of the system of analysis and evaluation of safety measures and their effectiveness. The assessment of effectiveness was based on the applied fire safety measures. Selected actions and technical measures for fire safety must make it possible to prevent fire ignition in hardly accessible spaces behind the boarding of hold walls and in air cooling chambers as unnoticed fire may very fast propagate to the next holds and ship compartments due to flue drafts.
Simulation method for determination of human reliability function taking stress into consideration
Authors: Hann Mieczysław 
Published: November 2008

Simulation method for determination of human reliability function taking stress into consideration
Application of computer simulation method for determination of the reliability function of a human being treated as an element of the system was presented in the paper. A method of considering the influence of the incidental random events occurring in the technical system or surroundings on committing faults by a human in the condition of stress was discussed. Computer code and examples of the results were also presented.
The multidimensional approach to marine industry development: Part I. Obstacles and willingness to the EU marine industry reengineering
Authors: Semenov Iouri 
Published: November 2008

The multidimensional approach to marine industry development: Part I. Obstacles and willingness to the EU marine industry reengineering
The paper consists from two parts and generalizes traditional approaches to innovative transformations in various sectors of the EU marine industry. It is shown that shipping companies should permanently adapt and keep their business in sync with marketable changes and be ready to competitive struggle within the global economy. The critical solutions are determining the functional parameters of merchant ships at earliest stages of theirs structural designing, as and reengineering. Author offers a conceptual framework of the co-evolutionary approach to reengineering maritime transport. This problem-solving approach examines targeted ships in topological aspect as the multilayered configurations composed of various-of-a-kinds components, and in functional aspect as multicoalitional compositions. Basic attention focuses on identification of various constrains to innovative activity and choice of improvement strategies, for turning the European marine industry into the high competitive system. For completeness, in paper are presented three particular measures for an estimation of maritime transport success.
Response to novelty in rats tested in isolation and in pairs: focus on exploration and play
Authors: Tanaś Łukasz , Stryjek Rafał 
Published: November 2008

Response to novelty in rats tested in isolation and in pairs: focus on exploration and playThe main goal of the study was to compare investigatory responses towards novelty in 20 Wistar rats divided into two experimental groups (solitary exploration vs. exploration in pairs). Additionally, relationship between novelty and social play/interaction was analyzed in the dyad group. Procedure involved placing animals in an experimental chamber during fifteen, six minute trials on successive days of the study. On the eleventh session a new object was introduced. The results are summarized within several behavioral categories. Investigatory responses of rats in dyad to novel object in familiar environment were not quantitatively different, than those of isolated animals. The animals from both groups responded to the novel object by focusing their exploratory activity on the source of new stimulation. Amount of social play and social exploration was influenced by the experimental manipulation with important sex differences present.
Automatic DPC Code Selection from Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Yokoi H. , Fujita S. , Takabayashi K. , Suzuki T. 
Published: November 2008

Summary

Objectives:
We extracted index terms related to diseases recorded in hospital discharge summaries and examined the capability of the vector space model to select a suitable diagnosis with these terms.

Methods:
By morphological analysis, we extracted index terms and constructed an original dictionary for the discharge summary analysis. We chose 125 different DPC (Japanese DRG system) codes for the diseases, each of which had more than 20 cases. We divided them into two groups. One group consisted of 5927 cases from 2004 fiscal year and was used to generate the document vector space according to the DPC. The other group of 3187 cases was collected to verify the automatic DPC selection by using data from 2005 fiscal year. The top 200 extracted index terms for each disease were used to calculate the weight of each disease.

Results:
The DPC code obtained by the calculated similarity was compared with the original codes of patients for 125 DPCs of 3187 cases. Eighty percent of the cases matched the diagnosis of the DPC (first six digits) and 56% of the cases completely matched all 14 digits of the DPC.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that we could extract suitable terms for each disease and obtain characteristics, such as the diagnosis, from the calculated vectors. This technique can be used to measure the qualification of discharge summaries and to integrate discharge summaries among different facilities. By the text mining technique, we can characterize the contents of electronic discharge summaries and deduce diagnoses with the data.
Adaptive neural tracking control of nonlinear time‐delay systems with disturbances
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Bing , Zhang Siying 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIn this paper, a novel adaptive neural tracking control scheme is presented for a class of perturbed strict‐feedback nonlinear time‐delay systems with unknown virtual control coefficients. The introduction of new estimated parameters reduces the number of adaptive parameters and the size of neural networks required. Based on radial basis function neural network on‐line approximation, an adaptive neural tracking controller is proposed by combining Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and decoupled backstepping. The proposed scheme guarantees semi‐global uniform ultimate boundedness of all the signals in the closed‐loop system and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood around the origin. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Platelet turnover, coagulation factors, and soluble markers of platelet and endothelial activation in essential thrombocythemia: Relationship with thrombosis occurrence and JAK2 V617F allele burden
Authors: Arellano‐Rodrigo Eduardo , Alvarez‐Larrán Alberto , Reverter Juan‐Carlos , Colomer Dolors , Villamor Neus , Bellosillo Beatriz , Cervantes Francisco 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPatients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) have an increased frequency of thrombosis, but the relationship of both thrombosis and JAK2 V617F allele burden with platelet turnover, acquired activated protein C resistance (aAPCR), and levels of coagulation factors and soluble markers of platelet, and endothelial activation is not well known. In 53 ET patients (26 with a history of thrombosis), reticulated platelets (RP) percentage, aAPCR, platelet tissue factor (TF) expression, and plasma levels of TF, coagulation factors, soluble P‐selectin (sP‐selectin), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), D‐dimer and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 were compared with those in matched healthy individuals and correlated with thrombosis occurrence and JAK2 mutational load. ET patients with thrombosis had significantly higher values for RP percentage, aAPCR, and levels of factors V and VIII, VWF:Ag, sP‐selectin, and sCD40L than patients without thrombosis and controls. At multivariate study, RP percentage, factor V levels, and aAPCR were independently associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. Patients with JAK2 mutation had significantly lower levels of free protein S (PS) and higher levels of TF, sP‐selectin, sCD40L, VWF:Ag, and sTM than those with wild‐type allele. A mutant allele dosage effect (≥ 12%) was observed for TF, sP‐selectin, sCD40L, VWF:Ag, and PS levels. These results support a role for platelet turnover, factor V, and aAPCR in the thrombosis of ET as well as the association between JAK2 V617F allele burden and either decreased free PS or increased TF and soluble markers of platelet and endothelial activation. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Face inversion effects in autism: a combined looking time and pupillometric study
Authors: Falck‐Ytter Terje 
Published: November 2008

AbstractPrevious research has found that in typically developing individuals, behavioral performance declines and electrophysiological brain responses are altered when the face is inverted. Such effects are generally attributed to disruption of configural information. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been found to show less pronounced inversion effects, a result in line with the view that featural processing of faces is enhanced in ASD. No study has determined if, or how, such local bias is reflected in the eye movements used in face observation. In this eye tracking study, looking time and pupil dilation were investigated during the presentation of upright and inverted faces in preschool children with ASD and typically developing preschoolers. On average, both children with ASD and typically developing children looked less at the face and the eye areas during inverted presentations than during upright presentations. Nevertheless, individuals with ASD had a stronger tendency than typically developing children to look at the same face features during upright and inverted presentations, which is suggestive of a local bias. Pupil dilation, reflecting increased processing load, was larger for inverted than upright faces in the ASD group only, and pupillary inversion effects were stronger in ASD than in typically developing children.
Can recent insights into cardiac development improve our understanding of congenitally malformed hearts?
Authors: Horsthuis Thomas , Christoffels Vincent M. , Anderson Robert H. , Moorman Antoon F.M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCongenital cardiac malformations account for one‐quarter of all human congenital abnormalities. They are caused by environmental and genetic factors. Despite increasing efforts in fundamental research, as yet, the morphogenesis of only a limited number of malformations has been elucidated. Over the last decades, new genetic modifications have made it possible to manipulate the mammalian embryo. Evidence provided using these transgenic techniques has, over the past decade, necessitated re‐evaluation of several developmental processes, important in the understanding of normal as opposed to abnormal cardiac development. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the patterning of the initial heart tube, new insights into formation of the atrial and ventricular chambers, and novel information on the origin of the cells that are added to the heart after formation of the initial tube. All of these advances modify our appreciation of malformations involving the venous and arterial poles. As we demonstrate, this new information sheds light not only on normal cardiac development, but also explains the structure of several previously controversial lesions seen in malformed human hearts. Clin. Anat. 22:4–20, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Ab initio Calculations of Electronic Band Structure and Charge Densities of Zinc Blende‐Type GaN, BN and Their Solid Solution B0.5Ga0.5N.
Authors: Riane Rabah , Matar Samir F. , Hammerelaine Lahcene 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopic Studies of the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonia Borane in Solution.
Authors: Shaw Wendy J. , Linehan John C. , Szymczak Nathaniel K. , Heldebrant David J. , Yonker Clem , Camaioni Donald M. , Baker R. Tom , Autrey Tom 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Multilateral Solid‐State Metathesis Reactions for the Preparation of Materials with Heteroanions: The [Si(CN2)4]4‐ Ion.
Authors: Glaser Jochen , Meyer H.‐Juergen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Flux Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Luminescence Properties of Salt‐Inclusion Lanthanide Silicates: [K9F2][Ln3Si12O32] (Ln: Sm, Eu, Gd).
Authors: Tang Ming‐Feng , Chiang Pei‐Yun , Su Yu‐Han , Jung Yu‐Chi , Hou Guang‐Yi , Chang Bor‐Chen , Lii Kwang‐Hwa 
Published: November 2008

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.