bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A DOCTOR AND A PATIENT” AS AN ELECTIVE COURSE IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: Zalipska I. Ya. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The article presents a detailed analysis of the elective discipline “Professional Medical Communication between a Doctor and a Patient”. The curriculum for the discipline is prepared for students studying at I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine under the educational program “Medical Care” of the second (master’s) level of higher education in the branch of knowledge 22 “Healthcare”, specialty 222 “Medicine”. “Professional Medical Communication between a Doctor and a Patient” is taught to third-year students. The following topics are studied: 1. The concept of norms and language education of a doctor. 2. Language skills of a doctor. 3. Communicative characteristics of the Ukrainian literary language as parameters for assessing the professional communication of a medical professional with a patient. 4. Dynamic lexical and semantic processes in the modern Ukrainian medical terminology. 5. Functional potential of medical terminology units. 6. Medical jargon of the doctor. 7. Word-formation identity of modern Ukrainian medical terms. 8. Grammatical features of the organization of medical communication. 9. Typical language errors in professional communication between a doctor and a patient. 10. Reference medical text.
The purpose of studying the discipline is: to form systematic knowledge and understanding of the conceptual foundations of the study of the professional Ukrainian language of a physician with the prospect of its further use in professional activities; to provide students with communication needs in the educational, professional and educational-scientific spheres; to form language competence, communication skills of future specialists; to achieve exemplary language skills of a medical professional when communicating with a patient; in-depth study of lexical and semantic potential, word-formation identity of medical terminology and organization of perfect medical education.
ЗАГАЛЬНООСВІТНЄ ЗНАЧЕННЯ ЛАТИНСЬКОЇ МОВИ У ПРОФЕСІЙНІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ МЕДИКІВ
Authors: Паласюк Г. Б. , Ярема Н. М. , Паласюк М. І. 
Published: April 2024

Анотація. У статті здійснено аналіз досвіду впровадження культурологічного підходу при викладанні латинської мови майбутнім фахівцям із медицини. Наголошено, що вивчення латинської мови є невід’ємною складовою вищої медичної та фармацевтичної освіти. Обґрунтовано загальноосвітнє значення латинської мови. Підкреслено, що ефективна професійна підготовка фахівця відбувається у рамках педагогічного процесу, який реалізує цілі освіти і виховання. Доведено доцільність вивчення латинських сентенцій, які розвивають інтелектуальний рівень людини, її світогляд, культуру. Акцентовано, що, відповідно до Програми курсу «Латинська мова та основи медичної термінології», студенти опановують 100 латинських афоризмів. Вони містять граматичні конструкції, які відповідають темі практичного заняття. Розкрито, що латинські афоризми пропагують здоровий спосіб життя, засуджують звички, які шкідливо впливають на здоров’я людини. Студенти вивчають латинською мовою сентенції на патріотичну тематику, девізи, написи на культових спорудах тощо. Підкреслено, що латинські афоризми і сьогодні широко використовують у наукових працях, художніх творах та усній мові.
Obscurity and Humility: A Local View of Chinese Modern Design
Authors: Wang Zhiyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Against the theoretical background of anonymous history, this article investigates local activities of modern design in China by means of a case study, in which approaches such as observation, interview, document analysis, and subjective understanding are introduced to meet the target. The goal is to illustrate that the inconspicuous aspect of Chinese modern design, although characterized by anonymity and confronting the highlighted part, is in fact a key component of the historical process of Chinese modern design. The study leads to several conclusions. First, the local activities of modern design are evolving instead of stagnant in China. Second, the criteria used for assessing design have been diversified from different angles, in which economic factors often play a part. Third, the distinct line drawn between designers and users is doubtful, and ordinary people are not the passive recipients of the solutions offered by designers. Fourth, at a grassroots level, local factors infiltrate into the anonymous activities of modern design in many respects, which causes Chinese modern design to be extremely varied in visual form. Briefly, from a local view, the activities of modern design show the characteristics of evolution, diversity, initiative, and originality, although they appear to be obscure and humble and always attract little attention.
Beauvoir versus Behavior Change: Introducing Existential Ethics to the Politics of Design
Authors: Gertz Nolen , Ozkaramanli Deger 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We identify a dilemma currently faced by designers and design researchers concerning how best to use the influential nature of design to change people's behavior in a way that benefits society. This dilemma exists because, even though designers can create products that can exercise control over individual freedom, such products are made necessary because people seem resistant to sacrifice their freedom for the good of society. Various approaches have arisen to respond to this dilemma—ranging from the technocratic to the democratic with “libertarian paternalism” somewhere in between—but we have found that they all share a paternalistic way of treating individual freedom as a “barrier” to be overcome to achieve social goals, such as sustainability, crime reduction, public health, and social justice. Instead of tackling this issue head-on, this interdisciplinary work challenges this dilemma and, drawing from the ethics of Simone de Beauvoir, argues that freedom is not merely a value to be weighed against other values in design practices but is instead the basis of all moral values.
Response to Difficulty Drives Variation in IQ Test Performance
Authors: Cheyette Samuel J. , Piantadosi Steven T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In a large (N = 300), pre-registered experiment and data analysis model, we find that individual variation in overall performance on Raven’s Progressive Matrices is substantially driven by differential strategizing in the face of difficulty. Some participants choose to spend more time on hard problems while others choose to spend less and these differences explain about 42% of the variance in overall performance. In a data analysis jointly predicting participants’ reaction times and accuracy on each item, we find that the Raven’s task captures at most half of participants’ variation in time-controlled ability (48%) down to almost none (3%), depending on which notion of ability is assumed. Our results highlight the role that confounding factors such as motivation play in explaining individuals’ differential performance in IQ testing.
Role of Visuospatial Sketchpad in Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Bhatnagar Somya , Singh Pankaj 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the prior studies, the significance of working memory is linked to language acquisition which helped in understanding these disorders better (Wen, & Li, 2019). However, there is one component that is not being taken into consideration with Second Language Acquisition (SLA) (Choi, 2019). This study collected data from 122 adolescents and young adults (Female = 61, Male = 61) in the age range 15–22 years. Using four subtests of David’s Battery of Differential Abilities (DBDA), measures of VSSP and verbal ability were measured. Multiple regression analysis was carried out between the measures of VSSP and verbal ability. The results showed promise and the measures of VSSP were found to be a positive predictor of second language comprehension in the current sample. Whereas, no gender differences were observed with regard to verbal ability. With the supporting literature, this study evidently provided insights into the overall relationship.
A high heterozygosity genome assembly of Aedes albopictus enables the discovery of the association of PGANT3 with blood-feeding behavior
Authors: Deng Yuhua , Ren Shuyi , Liu Qiong , Zhou Dan , Zhong Caimei , Jin Yabin , Xie Lihua , Gu Jinbao , Xiao Chuanle 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is a global invasive species, notorious for its role in transmitting dangerous human arboviruses such as dengue and Chikungunya. Although hematophagous behavior is repulsive, it is an effective strategy for mosquitoes like Aedes albopictus to transmit viruses, posing a significant risk to human health. However, the fragmented nature of the Ae. albopictus genome assembly has been a significant challenge, hindering in-depth biological and genetic studies of this mosquito. In this research, we have harnessed a variety of technologies and implemented a novel strategy to create a significantly improved genome assembly for Ae. albopictus, designated as AealbF3. This assembly boasts a completeness rate of up to 98.1%, and the duplication rate has been minimized to 1.2%. Furthermore, the fragmented contigs or scaffolds of AealbF3 have been organized into three distinct chromosomes, an arrangement corroborated through syntenic plot analysis, which compared the genetic structure of Ae. albopictus with that of Ae. aegypti. Additionally, the study has revealed a phylogenetic relationship suggesting that the PGANT3 gene is implicated in the hematophagous behavior of Ae. albopictus. This involvement was preliminarily substantiated through RNA interference (RNAi) techniques and behavioral experiment. In summary, the AealbF3 genome assembly will facilitate new biological insights and intervention strategies for combating this formidable vector of disease. The innovative assembly process employed in this study could also serve as a valuable template for the assembly of genomes in other insects characterized by high levels of heterozygosity.
Hospital distribution, seasonality, time trends and antifungal susceptibility profiles of all Aspergillus species isolated from clinical samples from 2015 to 2022 in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Franconi Iacopo , Rizzato Cosmeri , Ghelardi Emilia , Lupetti Antonella 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Aspergillus species cause a variety of serious clinical conditions with increasing trend in antifungal resistance. The present study aimed at evaluating hospital epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of all isolates recorded in our clinical database since its implementation.

Methods
Data on date of isolation, biological samples, patients’ age and sex, clinical settings, and antifungal susceptibility tests for all Aspergillus spp. isolated from 2015 to 2022 were extracted from the clinical database. Score test for trend of odds, non-parametric Mann Kendall trend test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze prevalence, incidence, and seasonality of Aspergillus spp. isolates.

Results
A total of 1126 Aspergillus spp. isolates were evaluated. A. fumigatus was the most prevalent (44.1%) followed by A. niger (22.3%), A. flavus (17.7%) and A. terreus (10.6%). A. niger prevalence increased over time in intensive care units (p-trend = 0.0051). Overall, 16 (1.5%) were not susceptible to one azole compound, and 108 (10.9%) to amphotericin B, with A. niger showing the highest percentage (21.9%). The risk of detecting A. fumigatus was higher in June, (OR = 2.14, 95% CI [1.16; 3.98] p = 0.016) and reduced during September (OR = 0.48, 95% CI [0.27; 0.87] p = 0.015) and October as compared to January (OR = 0.39, 95% CI [0.21; 0.70] p = 0.002. A. niger showed a reduced risk of isolation from all clinical samples in the month of June as compared to January (OR = 0.34, 95% CI [0.14; 0.79] p = 0.012). Seasonal trend for A. flavus showed a higher risk of detection in September (OR = 2.7, 95% CI [1.18; 6.18] p = 0.019), October (OR = 2.32, 95% CI [1.01; 5.35] p = 0.048) and November (OR = 2.42, 95% CI [1.01; 5.79] p = 0.047) as compared to January.

Conclusions
This is the first study to analyze, at once, data regarding prevalence, time trends, seasonality, species distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of all Aspergillus spp. isolates over a 8-year period in a tertiary care center. Surprisingly no increase in azole resistance was observed over time.
Superoxide dismutases: marker in predicting reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Jiang Xiu-Yun , Chen Qing , Chen Xiao-Yu , Sun Qiu-Ying , Jing Fei , Zhang Hai-Qing , Xu Jin , Li Xiao-Hong , Guan Qing-Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Aim
To examine the prognostic value of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity for monitoring reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in the patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods
The population of this cross-sectional study included 2377 inpatients with type 2 diabetes who had an ACS admitted to the Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2016 to January 2021.

Results
Diabetic patients with ACS were divided into 2 subgroups based on LVEF. The mean SOD activity was significantly lower in patients with an LVEF ≤ 45% than in those with an LVEF > 45% (149.1 (146.4, 151.9) versus 161.9 (160.8, 163.0)). Using ROC statistic, a cut-off value of 148.8 U/ml indicated an LVEF ≤ 45% with a sensitivity of 51.6% and a specificity of 73.7%. SODs activity were found to be correlated with the levels of NT-proBNP, hs-cTnT, the inflammatory marker CRP and fibrinogen. Despite taking the lowest quartile as a reference (OR 0.368, 95% CI 0.493–0.825, P = 0.001) or examining 1 normalized unit increase (OR 0.651, 95% CI 0.482–0.880, P = 0.005), SOD activity was found to be a stronger predictor of reduced LVEF than CRP and fibrinogen, independent of confounding factors.

Conclusions
Our cross-sectional study suggests that SOD activity might be a valuable and easily accessible tool for assessing and monitoring reduced LVEF in the diabetic patients with ACS.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on interhospital transfer of patients with major trauma in Korea: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cho Sung Hoon , Nho Woo Young , Lee Dong Eun , Ahn Jae Yun , Kim Joon-Woo , Lim Kyoung Hoon , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Kim Jong Kun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Interhospital transfer (IHT) is necessary for providing ultimate care in the current emergency care system, particularly for patients with severe trauma. However, studies on IHT during the pandemic were limited. Furthermore, evidence on the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on IHT among patients with major trauma was lacking.

Method
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in an urban trauma center (TC) of a tertiary academic affiliated hospital in Daegu, Korea. The COVID-19 period was defined as from February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021, whereas the pre-COVID-19 period was defined as the same duration of preceding span. Clinical data collected in each period were compared. We hypothesized that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted IHT.

Results
A total of 2,100 individual patients were included for analysis. During the pandemic, the total number of IHTs decreased from 1,317 to 783 (− 40.5%). Patients were younger (median age, 63 [45–77] vs. 61[44–74] years, p = 0.038), and occupational injury was significantly higher during the pandemic (11.6% vs. 15.7%, p = 0.025). The trauma team activation (TTA) ratio was higher during the pandemic both on major trauma (57.3% vs. 69.6%, p = 0.006) and the total patient cohort (22.2% vs. 30.5%, p < 0.001). In the COVID-19 period, duration from incidence to the TC was longer (218 [158–480] vs. 263[180–674] minutes, p = 0.021), and secondary transfer was lower (2.5% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.025).

Conclusion
We observed that the total number of IHTs to the TC was reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, TTA was more frequent, particularly among patients with major trauma. Patients with severe injury experienced longer duration from incident to the TC and lesser secondary transfer from the TC during the COVID-19 pandemic.
ERASE: a feasible early warning tool for elder abuse, developed for use in the Dutch emergency department
Authors: van Houten Miriam E. , Vloet Lilian C. M. , Rikkert Marcel G. M. Olde , van de Kerkhof-van Bon Brigitte , de Rooij Anneriek , Verhoeven Marieke , Bil Wilhelmina M. E. , Lucke Jacinta A. , Schoon Yvonne , Berben Sivera A. A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Elder abuse is a worldwide problem with serious consequences for individuals and society. To effectively deal with elder abuse, a timely identification of signals as well as a systematic approach towards (suspected) elder abuse is necessary. This study aimed to develop and test the acceptability and appropriateness of ERASE (EldeR AbuSE) in the emergency department (ED) setting. ERASE is an early warning tool for elder abuse self-administered by the healthcare professional in patients ≥ 70 years.

Methods
A systematic literature review was previously conducted to identify potential available instruments on elder abuse for use in the ED. Furthermore, a field consultation in Dutch hospitals was performed to identify practice tools and potential questions on the recognition of elder abuse that were available in clinical practice. Based on this input, in three subsequent rounds the ERASE tool was developed. The ERASE tool was tested in a pilot feasibility study in healthcare professionals (n = 28) working in the ED in three Dutch hospitals. A semi-structured online questionnaire was used to determine acceptability and appropriateness of the ERASE tool.

Results
The systematic literature review revealed seven screening instruments developed for use in the hospital and/or ED setting. In total n = 32 (44%) hospitals responded to the field search. No suitable and validated instruments for the detection of elder abuse in the ED were identified. The ERASE tool was developed, with a gut feeling awareness question, that encompassed all forms of elder abuse as starting question. Subsequently six signalling questions were developed to collect information on observed signs and symptoms of elder abuse and neglect. The pilot study showed that the ERASE tool raised the recognition of healthcare professionals for elder abuse. The tool was evaluated acceptable and appropriate for use in the ED setting.

Conclusions
ERASE as early warning tool is guided by an initial gut feeling awareness question and six signalling questions. The ERASE tool raised the recognition of healthcare professionals for elder abuse, and was feasible to use in the ED setting. The next step will be to investigate the reliability and validity of the ERASE early warning tool.
Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance pattern of pediatric bloodstream infections: a 5-year experience in an Iranian referral hospital
Authors: Sajedi Moghaddam Sadaf , Mamishi Setareh , Pourakbari Babak , Mahmoudi Shima 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. The purpose of the current study was to establish the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from bloodstream infections at Children’s Medical Center Hospital (CMC), Tehran, Iran.

Methods
We retrospectively recorded all positive blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility of all bloodstream isolates among children admitted to CMC, during 5 years. Specimen culture, bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to standard laboratory methods.

Results
From 3,179 pathogens isolated from the blood cultures 2,824 bacteria were cultured, with 1,312 cases being identified as Gram-positive bacteria (46%) and 1,512 cases as Gram-negative bacteria (54%). The most common Gram-negative bacteria isolated were as follows: Pseudomonas spp. (n = 266, 17.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 242, 16%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 204, 13.5%), Enterobacter spp. (n = 164, 10.8%), Escherichia coli (n = 159, 10.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 126, 8.3%), Serratia marcescens (n = 121, 8%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 73, 4.8%). The most common Gram-positive bacteria isolated were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) (n = 697, 53%), Streptococcus spp. (n = 237, 18%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 202, 15%) and Enterococcus spp. (n = 167, 12.7%). 34% of bacterial strains were isolated from ICUs. The rates of methicillin resistance in S. aureus and CONS were 34% and 91%, respectively. E. coli isolates showed high resistance to cefotaxime (84%). All isolates of K. pneumoniae were susceptible to colistin and 56% were susceptible to imipenem. P. aeruginosa isolates showed high susceptibility to all antibiotics.

Conclusions
Our findings emphasize the need of clinicians having access to up-to-date bacterial susceptibility data for routinely prescribed drugs. Continuous monitoring of changes in bacterial resistance will aid in the establishment of national priorities for local intervention initiatives in Iran. The increased risk of BSI caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms, emphasizes the significance of implementing appropriate antibiotic prescribing regulations and developing innovative vaccination techniques in Iran.
Exploring vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (ENIGMA): protocol for a prospective observational study
Authors: Vestergaard Sigrid Breinholt , Damsbo Andreas Gammelgaard , Pedersen Niels Lech , Zachariassen Katrine , Drasbek Kim Ryun , Østergaard Leif , Andersen Grethe , Dalby Rikke Beese , Mortensen Janne Kærgård 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is common. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Understanding the role of microvascular changes and finding markers that can predict PSCI, could be a first step towards better screening and management of PSCI. Capillary dysfunction is a pathological feature of cerebral small vessel disease and may play a role in the mechanisms underlying PSCI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from cells and may act as disease biomarkers. We aim to investigate the role of capillary dysfunction in PSCI and the associations between EV characteristics and cognitive function one year after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods
The ENIGMA study is a single-centre prospective clinical observational study conducted at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Consecutive patients with AIS and TIA are included and followed for one year with follow-up visits at three and 12 months. An MRI is performed at 24 h and 12 months follow-up. EV characteristics will be characterised from blood samples drawn at 24 h and three months follow-up. Cognitive function is assessed three and 12 months after AIS and TIA using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status.

Discussion
Using novel imaging and molecular biological techniques the ENIGMA study will provide new knowledge about the vascular contributions to cognitive decline and dementia.

Trial registration
The study is retrospectively registered as an ongoing observational study at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT06257823.