bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and functional characteristics of tumor‐associated lymphocytes in patients with malignant ascites receiving intraperitoneal infusions of recombinant interleukin‐2 (ril‐2)
Authors: Melioli Giovanni , Baldini Editta , Mingari Maria Cristina , De Maria Andrea , Sertoli Mario Roberto , Badellino Fausto , Percivale Pier Luigi , Catturich Alessandra , Bertoglio Sergio , Civalleri Dario , Santi Leonardo , Moretta Lorenzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the course of a phase I trial, in which recombinant IL‐2 (riL‐2) was infused intraperitoneally (i.p.) in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, we evaluated the effect on “tumorassociated lymphocytes” (TAL) isolated from the ascitic fluid. No major changes in the percentages of cells expressing the CD3, CD4, CD8, Leu‐7, OKM1 and WT‐31 antigens were detected either in TAL or in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) after 7 days of rlL‐2 infusion. In contrast the percentages of TAL (but not PBL) expressing surface IL‐2 receptor (Tac), or LAK‐1 antigen were sharply increased. Analysis of cytolytic functions showed a potentiation of the lytic activity against natural‐killer (NK) sensitive K562 target cells and the de novo appearance of lytic activity against fresh melanoma cells. In one patient IFN‐γ was detected in the ascitic fluid following rIL‐2 infusion. T‐cell clones derived from the patient were analyzed for the IFN‐γ production. While only approximately 40% of PB‐derived control clones produced medium to low amounts of IFN‐γ, all of the TAL‐derived clones produced medium to high amounts of the lymphokine.
Elevated apolipoprotein(A) levels in cancer patients
Authors: Wright Lesley C. , Sullivan David R. , Muller Mark , Dyne Marlen , Tattersall Martin H. N. , Mountford Carolyn E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractElevated plasma lipoprotein(a) has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We report a significant elevation of total plasma apolipoprotein(a) levels in cancer patients compared with hospitalized control patients and normal healthy blood donors. Of the cancer patients studied, 48% had levels in excess of 350 mg/l compared to 20% in normal blood donors and 29% of hospitalized control patients. The elevation was more prevalent but less extreme than that reported in patients with cardiovascular disease. Density gradient centrifugation studies of plasma from cancer patients revealed the presence of apolipoprotein(a) at a density of 1.085 g/ml in the region where mRNA‐containing proteolipids, neoproteolipids and malignancy‐associated lipoproteins had previously been isolated.
Time trends in cancer mortality in the federal republic of germany: Progress against cancer?
Authors: Becker Nikolaus , Smith Elaine M. , Wahrendorf Jürgen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn accordance with a previous analysis of US cancer mortality, this report also indicates that cancer mortality in the FRG over the last 3 decades (1952–1985) has not shown any decline commencing in a given period and prevailing in all age groups. If present, such effects could have been interpreted as a manifestation of improvements associated with cancer treatment. The absence of such an effect, derived by using data up to 1985 and age‐specific mortality rates, supports the view expressed in the US analysis that improvements in cancer treatment are unlikely to have an impact on overall cancer mortality statistics and that efforts toward prevention may be more rewarding.
Modelling the risk of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in persons infected with human T‐lymphotropic virus type I
Authors: Murphy E. L. , Hanchard B. , Figueroa J. P. , Gibbs W. N. , Lofters W. S. , Campbell M. , Goedert J. J. , Blattner W. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), a malignancy of mature CD4‐positive lymphocytes, has been etiologically linked to the human retrovirus HTLV‐I. Although a long latent period is suggested from migrant studies, little prospective information on the risk of developing ATL among persons with HTLV‐I infection is available. We present here a model for ATL risk based upon age‐ and sex‐specific HTLV‐I seroprevalence data from a cross‐sectional survey of 13,000 Jamaicans and ATL incidence data from a 21/2‐year case‐control study. By examining the age‐specific incidence of ATL relative to both adult and childhood‐acquired seropositivity versus childhood‐acquired seropositivity alone, we provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that childhood infection with HTLV‐I is important to the development of ATL. Using this model, the cumulative lifetime risk of ATL for those infected before age 20 is estimated to be 4.0% for males and 4.2% for females. Under this hypothesis, HTLV‐I‐associated diseases with shorter latent periods, such as tropical spastic paraparesis, should have a higher incidence in adult females than in adult males.
The significance of oncogene amplification in primary breast cancer
Authors: Seshadri R. , Matthews C. , Dobrovic A. , Horsfall D. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlterations in the gene copy numbers of the proto‐oncogenes HER2/neu and c‐myc in primary human breast cancer investigated in 73 patients. We detected amplification of HER2/neu in 17 patient samples and amplification of c‐myc in II, while amplification of both was seen in 6 samples. There was no correlation of age, hormone receptor positivity or tumour size with amplification of either proto‐oncogene. Amplification of HER2/neu was significantly correlated with the stage of the disease. HER2/neu amplification was observed in 18.5% and 38% of node‐negative and node‐positive patients, respectively; the association between HER2/neu amplification and advanced stage of the disease was statistically significant (p = 0.05). Since this is a prospective study, the clinical significance of oncogene amplification is not known. The relatively high frequency of HER2/neu amplification points to a functional role in human breast cancer, particularly in the progression of the disease. The method used in our study allows oncogene amplification to be studied in conjunction with hormone receptor determination and thus may be of value in large clinical trials to determine the significance of oncogene abnormalities in breast cancer.
Delayed‐type hypersensitivity to tumor antigens co‐expressed with immunogenic determinants induced by xenogenization
Authors: Puccetti P. , Bianchi R. , Romani L. , Cenci E. , Fioretti M. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious work has shown that murine lymphoma cells antigenically altered (“xenogenized”) by drug treatment elicit strong in vivo resistance to the original cells. Moreover, splenocytes immune to a drug‐treated variant (L5178Y/DTIC) of a murine lymphoma exert anti‐parental tumor activity in an adoptive transfer system, an effect mediated by L3T4+ lymphocytes and associated with the detection of an anti‐L5178Y delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) response. We now report that the in vivo activity of the tumor‐immune L3T4+ lymphocytes is a radio‐sensitive (2,500 rad in vitro) phenomenon that requires collaboration with radio‐resistant, silicasensitive syngeneic cells in the host, and is inhibited by treatment of recipient mice with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the L3T4 antigen or murine interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ). In vitro, the tumor‐immune L3T4+ lymphocytes produce interleukin 2 (IL‐2), lymphotoxin (LT) and IFN‐γ activities on incubation with L5178Y cells and spleen‐adherent cells. These results suggest that the mechanisms of anti‐parental tumor protection by xenogenized cells involve specific induction of a DTH response mediated by the “Inflammatory” (THI) subset of L3T4+ T lymphocytes and IFN‐γ activated macrophages.
Monoclonal antibodies to glycolipids of the isoglobo‐series detect tumor‐associated antigens in rats
Authors: Brodin N. Thomas , Thurin Jan , Karlsson Karl‐Anders , Måtensson Stig , Sjögren Hans Olov 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to 2 neutral glycolipids, isoglobotetraosylceramide and a 6‐sugar isogloboneolactoseries hybrid glycolipid, previously shown to be enriched in rat colorectal tumor tissue, were produced by immunization with purified glycolipids. Four MAbs were selected which demonstrate 3 different specificity patterns when tested for binding to purified and crude preparations of neutral glycolipids, cultured tumor cells and fibroblasts and frozen tissue sections. MAbs 14.2 and 14.10, but not 14.3, stained most epithelial colorectal carcinomas, rat testis and a subpopulation of cells in the rat gastric mucosa. However, all 3 MAbs showed strong staining and binding to sections and cultured clones of the cytokeratin‐negative tumor of colorectal origin, which was originally used for preparation of the glycolipid immunogens. The observed difference between MAbs 14.2/10 and MAb 14.3 could not be explained by differences in binding to the 2 original glycolipids used for screening. However, MAbs 14.2/10 were demonstrated to bind to high‐molecular‐weight glycoprotein(s)(HMW‐gp's) previously shown to carry determinants for syngeneic antibodies and extracted from epithelial colorectal tumor tissue after extensive lipid extraction. This suggests that a protein‐bound carbohydrate determinant, with similarities to the oligosaccharide part of the isoglobo‐series glycolipids, is responsible for this cross‐reactivity. The staining of rat testis could be explained by the strong expression in this tissue of glycolipids with 8–10 sugar residues bound by the 14.2/10 but not 14.3 MAbs. The cell‐surface expression of the 6‐sugar hybrid glycolipid was demonstrated by complement‐dependent cytotoxicity and immunofluorescent staining of viable cells.
Changes in antigen expression on human fme melanoma cells after exposure to hypoxia and acidic ph, alone or in combination
Authors: Davis Catharina De L. , Pettersen Erik O. , Lindmo Tore 
Published: February 2007

AbstractQuantitative changes in the expression of two tumour‐associated surface antigens on human FME melanoma cells were studied by flow cytometry after exposure to hypoxia and acidic pH, either alone or in combination. The expression of the p250 antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody (MAb) 9.2.27 was reduced immediately after exposure to hypoxia. The magnitude and duration of the reduction increased with Increasing exposure time. Twelve to 16 hr after the end of a 6‐hr exposure to hypoxia the antigen expression reached the normal level, followed by a temporary increase above this level. The p97a antigen recognized by the 4.1 MAb underwent similar changes after exposure to hypoxia for 6 hr. After exposure to hypoxia in acidic environment, the magnitude and duration of the reduction in the expression of the p250 antigen increased with increasing acidity. The enhancement in antigen expression above the normal level was less after hypoxia at acidic pH than after hypoxia at physiological pH. The combined treatment had an additive effect on the expression of the melanoma‐associated antigen but did not enhance hypoxia‐Induced cell killing. The observed changes in antigen expression might be of importance if hypoxic tumour cells are subjected to MAbs conjugated to radioisotopes or cytotoxic agents for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
in vitro thermo‐chemosensitivity screening of spontaneous human tumors: Significant potentiation for cisplatin but not adriamycin
Authors: Calabro Annamaria , Eva Singletary S. , Tucker Susan , Boddie Arthur , Spitzer Gary , Cavaliere Renato 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe in vitro thermal enhancement of Adriamycin (ADR) and Cisplatin (CDDP) was investigated in 18 surgical biopsy specimens of human tumors cultured in the Adhesive Tumor Cell Culture System. Experimental conditions were adopted to simulate “therapeutic” trials: (a) temperature of 37.0°C, 40.5°C or 42.5°C; (b) hyperthermic duration of 30, 60, or 120 min; and (c) 4‐dose drug range normalized to human bone marrow toxicity. Drug concentrations that inhibited 90% of tumor growth (IC90) at 37.0°C were compared to the IC90 at 40.5°C and 42.5°C, adjusted for the effect of heat alone. CDDP plus heat was a better combination than ADR plus heat, regardless of the temperature and the exposure duration: significant synergism (p < 0.001) occurred in 37% of heat‐CDDP combinations, as compared with 15% of heat‐ADR combinations, and antagonism was significantly lower (p < 0.001) for heat‐CDDP than for heat‐ADR (4.4% versus 21% of combinations, respectively). Within the CDDP group, higher temperature and longer heat exposure resulted in an increased incidence of chemosensitivity. No specific pattern of synergism was evident within the ADR group, but a trend toward a higher incidence of antagonistic effects with increasing hyperthermic duration was observed.
Pregnancy outcomes in childhood cancer survivors: Probable effects of abdominal irradiation
Authors: Hawkins M. M. , Smith R. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA postal survey addressed to 2,083 general practitioners of childhood cancer survivors of reproductive age has revealed that females having undergone direct abdominal irradiation (exposed), particularly for Wilms' tumour, have an increased risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes as compared with female survivors of the same types of tumour who had not undergone direct abdominal irradiation (unexposed). Among female survivors, 22% of those exposed and 41% of those unexposed have children. The percentages of first pregnancies reported as ending in spontaneous abortion were 9/40 = 22% (exposed mothers) and 11/174 = 6% (unexposed mothers). The mean birth‐weight of first singleton children born to exposed mothers was over 300 g less than the corresponding value for unexposed mothers. We conclude that radiation is probably involved in the mechanism producing these effects. The findings have implications for counselling survivors, monitoring their pregnancies and treating future patients.
Pancreatic cancer, alcohol, diabetes mellitus and gall‐bladder disease
Authors: Cuzick Jack , Babiker Abdel G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study comprising 216 cases of pancreatic cancer and 279 controls was conducted to investigate the relationship of pancreatic cancer with certain chronic medical conditions and with the consumption of tea, coffee and alcoholic beverages. Significant positive associations with preexisting diabetes mellitus and gall‐bladder disease were observed and there was weak evidence of association with liver disease. The relative risks for diabetes mellitus and gallstones diagnosed at least one year previously were 4.1 (p = 0.005) and 2.8 (p = 0.01) respectively. Cases drank significantly more beer than controls (p = 0.005) and there was evidence of a positive trend in risk with total alcohol consumption. Smoking was a clear risk factor, but cases and controls were very similar with respect to tea and coffee drinking habits.
Tissue‐specific expression of a constitutional 3;6 translocation: Development of multiple bilateral renal‐cell carcinomas
Authors: Kovacs Gyula , Brusa Paola , De Riese Werner 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a German family carrying a constitutional translocation (3;6) (p13;q25.1) in 3 consecutive generations. The only member of the family over 50 years of age and carrying the translocation developed multiple bilateral renal cell carcinomas. We performed chromosome analysis of 4 out of 5 primary tumours, which were characterized by different clonal karyotypes. The constitutionally translocated 3p13‐pter segment was lost with or without the receptor chromosome 6 in each tumour. Additional karyotypic changes were trisomy 5, 7 and 18, monosomy 14 and 21, and loss of the Y chromosome, all karyotype changes occurring frequently in sporadic non‐papillary RCCs. This case is discussed with regard to the possible role of suppressor gene inactivation by constitutional translocation in the development of familial renal cancers.
Amplification of c‐ras‐ki oncogene in human ovarian tumours
Authors: Boltz E. M. , Kefford R. F. , Leary J. A. , Houghton C. R. , Friedlander M. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmplification of the c‐ras‐Ki oncogene has been the most consistent finding reported in studies on oncogene activation in ovarian cancer, but for the most part the studies have been small and the results conflicting. In order to determine whether amplification occurred de novo in primary tumours or was associated with tumour progression and metastasis, 81 tumour samples from different sites in 26 patients with ovarian tumours and 7 xenografted ovarian tumour cell lines were assayed. Amplification of c‐ras‐Ki occurred infrequently and was apparent in a single metastatic site in a patient with poorly differentiated serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary. Ten‐fold amplification of the c‐ras‐Ki oncogene was also evident in a benign ovarian fibroma. Amplification of the c‐ras‐Ki oncogene is rare in ovarian tumours and does not appear to play a fundamental role in tumour development or progression.
The intracellular association of b700 and b50 murine melanoma antigens and their role in tumor rejection
Authors: Gersten Douglas M. , Williams Laura J. , Moody Dana , Montague Paul M. , Law Lloyd W. , Hearing Vincent J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractB700 and B50 are melanoma‐specific antigens originally isolated from B16 murine melanoma. B700, which elicits a strong tumor rejection response, is present on all murine melanomas tested to date. We now demonstrate the presence of B50 in the other murine melanomas and find that the 2 molecules are non‐covalently complexed with each other within the cells. We also show that hosts immunized with intact, irradiated melanoma cells produce antibodies that specifically recognize the B700 and B50 tumor antigens. These results suggest that B50 may also participate in the host response to melanoma growth.
High interferon titer and defective NK‐cell activity in the circulation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Authors: Lakhdar M. , Oueslati R. , Ellouze R. , Thameur H. , Cammoun M. , Khedhiri N. , Kastally R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe interferon (IFN) activity of sera from 19 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was determined by the plaque‐reduction assay with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in HeLa cells and compared to that of sera from matched healthy controls. High titers of interferon were detected in the sera of the NPC patients with a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 43 ± 25 U/ml. The interferon activity of the patients sera was acid‐ and heat‐labile (pH = 2 and 56°C for 1 hr) and could be neutralized by a goat antiserum to human IFN‐γ. Interferon titers of the patients, in contrast, to normal controls, were not correlated with natural killer (NK) activity which was abnormally low in the NPC patients. On the other hand, a high percentage of circulating cells co‐expressing the LGL marker (HNK‐1) and the OKT8 antigen was detected in parallel with high IFN levels in NPC patients.
Testis cancer: Post‐natal hormonal factors, sexual behaviour and fertility
Authors: Swerdlow A. J. , Huttly S. R. A. , Smith P. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship of risk of testis cancer, and subdivisions of the tumour by histology, to variables which may be related to hormonal status, sexual behaviour and fertility was investigated in data from a case‐control study with 259 cases and 2 sets of controls. No consistent association was found between testis cancer risk and age at puberty, need to shave, obesity, alcohol intake, animal fat intake, and sexual behaviour. There was a significant excess of seminomas in very tall men. Testis cancer cases showed lower fertility than controls according to various measures, but this reflected the greater frequency of cryptorchidism among cases compared to controls. Among non‐cryptorchid subjects there was no clear evidence that infertility was associated with risk of testis cancer.
A case‐control study of multiple myeloma nested in the american cancer society prospective study
Authors: Boffetta P. , Stellman S. D. , Garfinkel L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAmong the subjects enrolled in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II, a large nation‐wide prospective study, 282 died from multiple myeloma (MM) during the first 4 years of follow‐up. These were divided into incident cases who were initially free from disease and prevalent cases who reported MM or related symptoms at the time of enrollment. For each case, 4 controls matched for age, sex, ethnic group and residence were randomly selected. Previous history of diabetes [odds ratio (OR) = 2.0] and employment as farmer (OR = 2.7) were the risk factors consistently suggested by the results of the analysis. The risk associated with farming showed a linear trend with duration of exposure. Pesticide or herbicide exposure was not a risk factor per se but, when combined with farming, it increased the OR to 4.3. Low education, occupational exposure to dyes, and employment in a bank, on the railroad or as a maid were also suggested risk factors, but either they were not statistically significant or they were based on small numbers of exposed subjects. No association between MM and asbestos exposure was observed.
Lymphokine‐activated killer‐cell function of lymphocytes from peripheral blood, regional lymph nodes and tumor tissues of patients with oral cancer
Authors: Tatake Revati J. , Krishnan Nirmala , Rao R. S. , Fakih A. R. , Gangal Sudha G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) cells, generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients with oral cancer or oral leukoplakia and from healthy donors showed comparable lysis of 6 target tumor cell lines, including 3 derived from head and neck and oral cancers. The tumor burden of the host did not appear to influence the systemic LAK activity. LAK activity of lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor tissues (TIL) was also comparable to that of the PBL. Both TIL and PBL showed a parallel increase in proportion of HNK‐I++ and CD‐25+ CELLS upon activation with IL‐2. The lymph‐node lymphocytes (LNL) from metastatic (met) and non‐metastatic (non‐met) draining lymph nodes, however, showed reduced LAK activity and an increase in CD8 CELLS, in addition to CD25+ and HNK‐I+ cells, when cultured with IL‐2. When IL‐2‐activated LNL were co‐cultured with autologous PBL during IL‐2 activation of the latter, a strong suppressive effect was exerted by LNL In contrast, IL‐2‐activated PBL did not suppress autologous LAK generation in spite of an increase in CD8+ cells seen after activation with IL‐2. Frequency distribution of LAK precursors was significantly lower in LNL than in PBL from oral cancer patients. LAK precursor frequency in TIL was comparable to that of PBL. The results show that, in oral cancer, regional lymph nodes may not have adequate IL‐2‐inducible cytotoxic potential, due to a reduced number of LAK progenitors and possible activation of suppressor cells. Alternatively, TIL can be a potential source for LAK cell function.