bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of grassland duration on butterfly communities and its relevance to grassland area
Authors: INOUE Taiki , KENTA Tanaka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Semi-natural grasslands, renowned for their rich biodiversity, are experiencing global decline, necessitating urgent conservation prioritization. Recently, researches have established that the vegetation history significantly influences grassland biodiversity. This study focuses on three vegetation types in and around ski-run grasslands of central Japan: (i) ancient or old grasslands persisting for 300 to several millennia, (ii) new grasslands recently converted from forests 43 to 72 years ago, and adjacent forests serving as control vegetation type. We examined the effect of grassland duration, in relation to its spatial area, on butterfly communities. Transects of 5 × 20 m were established at six to seven sites for each vegetation type to survey butterfly communities. In 2017, plant communities were similarly surveyed along the same transects (Inoue, Yaida et al., 2021). Species composition, species count, and overall butterfly abundance were not affected by grassland duration. Nevertheless, the species composition was affected by the spatial area of old grasslands within a 100 m radius of each transect, with an increase in the number of rare grassland species in extensive old grasslands. Minois dryas and Eurema mandarina were identified as indicator species of extensive old grasslands (>8000 m2 within 100 m radius of each transect), whereas no indicator species were detected in the other grassland sites. The abundances of M. dryas, Brenthis daphne, Melitaea ambigua, Curetis acuta, and Zophoessa callipteris were greater in areas where the areas of old grasslands within 100 m of each transect were greater. The previous study at these sites have shown that Sanguisorba officinalis (Rosaceae), the host plant of B. daphne, and Lespedeza bicolor (Fabaceae), the main host plant of E. mandarina and C. acuta, are indicators of old grasslands, explaining the dependency of these three butterfly species on old grasslands. Our findings suggest that extensive old grasslands should be accorded high conservation priority to preserve diversity of grassland butterflies.
T-Shaped Functional End to End Anastomosis as an Alternative Method for Esophagojejunostomy after Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Long Vo Duy , Dat Tran Quang , Thong Dang Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Vu Tran Minh , Hai Nguyen Viet , Bac Nguyen Hoang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: The functional end-to-end anastomosis (FEEA) and overlap methods for reconstruction after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) are technically challenges. We developed a T-shaped FEEA to facilitate technique. This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes between the T-shaped FEEA and overlap methods after TLTG for gastric cancer (GC).
Method: This cohort study enrolled 84 patients who underwent TLTG for GC using linear stapler for reconstruction between August-2015 and October-2020. Among them, 40 patients underwent FEEA, while 44 patients underwent overlap method. Short-term outcomes encompassed operative characteristics, postoperative morbidity, and mortality. Long-term outcomes included anastomosis-related complications and 1-year nutritional status. Oncologic outcomes were assessed regarding 1-, 3-, and 5- year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results: There were no significant differences between the T-shaped FEEA and overlap methods in terms of the early surgical outcomes such as operating time, time of performing anastomosis, time of the first flatus, overall morbidities and mortality, and postoperative hospital stays. The esophagojejunostomy leakage and stenosis rates were similar between the groups (5.0% and 2.6% vs. 6.8% and 0.0%, respectively). The changing of reduction in weight, hemoglobin level, and albumin after 1-year postoperation were equivalent. Five-year OS and DFS were comparable between the two groups (70% and 57% vs. 51% and 41%, respectively).
Conclusions: There was no significant difference in surgical outcomes and long-term survival between the modified FEEA and overlap methods. The T-shaped FEEA may be an alternative method for reconstruction after TLTG for GC.
Correlation between body size and stone composition in pediatric stone patients
Authors: An Lizhe , Yu Luping , Xiong Liulin , Huang Xiaobo , Xu Tao , Xu Qingquan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Due to the lack of stone composition data, the relationship between BMI and stone composition in children is rarely reported. Our study encompassed more cases than previous studies, aim to examine the correlation between BMI and stone composition in pediatric stone patients.
Methods
Clinical date of pediatric patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery for urolithiasis from 2009 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient's gender, age, BMI, stone location, stone size, stone composition, serum uric acid, urine culture, urine pH and other clinical data were collected. According to BMI, children were divided into overweight/obese group and normal group, stone composition and other related indicators were compared between the two groups.
Results
A total of 71 children were included in the study, consisting 49 males and 22 females, with an average age of 4.9 ± 3.87 years. The overweight/obese group included 16 children (22.5%) and the normal group included 55 children (77.5%). Kidney stone was seen in 49 cases (69%), ureteral stone in 17 cases (24%) and bladder/urethral stone in 5 cases (17%). Twenty-seven cases (38%) had pure stones, and 44 cases (62%) had mixed stones. Among the main stone composition, calcium oxalate was the most common (41/71, 57.7%), followed by ammonium urate (10/71, 14.1%), carbonate apatite (6/71, 8.5%) and cystine (6/71, 8.5%). There was no statistical difference in the main stone composition between the two groups. Also, no significant difference was seen in gender, age, stone location, stone size, and urine culture positive rate. However, the overweight/obese group had higher serum uric acid (361 ± 139.3umol/L vs 271 ± 140.3umol/L, p = 0.027) and lower urine pH (6.1 ± 0.63 vs 6.4 ± 0.57, p = 0.048) than the normal group.
Conclusion
Our study showed that there was no apparent correlation between BMI and stone composition in pediatric stone patients. But overweight or obese children had higher serum uric acid and lower urine pH.
Automated Fruit Identification using Modified AlexNet Feature Extraction based FSSATM Classifier
Authors: Thirumalraj Mrs Arunadevi , Rajalakshmi B. , Kumar B Santosh , Stephe S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Because fruits are complex, automating their identification is a constant challenge. Manual fruit categorisation is a difficult task since fruit types and subtypes are often location-dependent. A sum of recent publications has classified the Fruit-360 dataset using methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (e.g., VGG16, Inception V3, MobileNet, and ResNet18). Unfortunately, out of all 131 fruit classifications, none of them are extensive enough to be used. Furthermore, these models did not have the optimum computational efficiency. Here we propose a new, robust, and all-encompassing research that identifies and predicts the whole Fruit-360 dataset, which consists of 90,483 sample photos and 131 fruit classifications. The research gap was successfully filled using an algorithm that is based on the Modified AlexNet with an efficient classifier. The input photos are processed by the modified AlexNet, which uses the Golden jackal optimisation algorithm (GJOA) to choose the best tuning of the feature extraction technique. Lastly, the classifier employed is Fruit Shift Self Attention Transform Mechanism (FSSATM). This transform mechanism is aimed to improve the transformer's accuracy and comprises a spatial feature extraction module (SFE) besides spatial position encoding (SPE). Iterations and a confusion matrix were used to validate the algorithm. The outcomes prove that the suggested tactic yields a relative accuracy of 98%. Furthermore, state-of-the-art procedures for the drive were located in the literature and compared to the built system. By comparing the results, it is clear that the newly created algorithm is capable of efficiently processing the whole Fruit-360 dataset.
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Fu Huaying , Guo Siqiang , Guo Kelei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the relationship between physical activity and depression among college students and the mediating role of coping styles and loneliness in the relationship.
Methods: A stratified whole group sampling method was used to survey 1112 college students using the Physical Activity Scale, Depression Scale, Coping Styles Scale, and Loneliness Scale.
Results: (1) Physical activity was significantly negatively correlated with depression (r =-0.51), and the direct path of physical activity on depression was significant (β= -0.21, t= -8.418 , p＜0.01), (2) Physical activity positively predicted coping styles (β= 0.39，t= 14.202，p＜0.01) and negatively predicted loneliness (β= -0.40，t= -15.039，p＜0.01), and Coping styles significantly and negatively predicted depression (β= -0.28，t= -10.281，p＜0.01) and loneliness (β= -0.41，t= -17.187，p＜0.01), and Loneliness significantly and positively predicted depression (β= 0.26，t= 10.289，p＜0.01).
Conclusion: Physical activity can not only directly affect depression, but also indirectly through the separate mediating effects of coping styles and loneliness, as well as the chain mediating effects of the two.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Pattern, Distribution, Etiology, and Treatment of Maxillofacial Injuries From Different Geopolitical Zones in Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Ezekiel T. , Fomete Benjamin , Egbunah Uchenna P. , Aladelusi Timothy O. , Adekunle Adegbayi A. , Adeyemo Wasiu L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to provide a nationwide survey of maxillofacial injuries pattern, distribution, etiology, and treatment based on Nigeria’s geopolitical zones.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included all cross-sectional, cohort, case-control and randomized controlled studies published between 2004 and 2019 (16 years). Comparisons were made between different age groups, gender, site of maxillofacial injury, associated injuries, and treatment across geopolitical zones in Nigeria: southwest(SW), southsouth(SS), southeast(SE), northwest(NW), north central(NC) and northeast(NE). Proportion meta-analysis using the generic inverse variance method, risk ratio effect measure, and random effects model was conducted.
Results: A total of 35 studies including 4,472 patients from four geopolitical zones across Nigeria (SW, SS, SE and NW) were included in this review. Age range was 0.3 to 90 years. Highest male to female ratio reported was 30:1. Road traffic crash (RTC) was the major risk factor for maxillofacial injuries (3.10, 95% CI, 2.34 – 4.10), and motorcycle crash was second (0.44; 95% CI, 0.29 – 0.66). Other aetiologic factors were assault (0.28; 95% CI, 0.19 – 0.40), fall (0.06; 95% CI, 0.03 – 0.11), sports injuries (0.03; 95% CI, 0.02 – 0.05) and others (0.04; 95% CI, 0.02 – 0.09).
Conclusions and relevance: RTC, motorcycle crash and assault constituted the most important factors for maxillofacial injuries in Nigeria. The result of this study highlights the importance of improved road safety measures and maintenance of law and order.
„Vom Schieben und geschoben werden…“ Grundlegungen zu einer multiperspektivischen Qualifizierung (mpQ) zur Förderung multiprofessioneller Teamarbeit (mpT) im Kontext inklusiver Bildung
Authors: Kückmann Marie-Ann 
Published: March 2024

Wiederholt wird im Kontext inklusiver Bildung auf die Relevanz multiprofessioneller Teamarbeit verwiesen und darauf aufbauend werden auch zunehmend angemessene Qualifizierungskon­zepte für pädagogische Fachkräfte eingefordert. Bei der Sichtung bestehender Angebote fällt dann aber auf, dass diese den Blick häufig primär auf Erfolgsfaktoren für die Teamentwicklung und damit die vorzufindenden kollektiven Strukturen richten, wodurch die Gefahr besteht, dass die individuellen, berufsbiografischen Perspektiven im Prozess entsprechend wenig beleuchtet werden oder aber ganz unberücksichtigt bleiben. Auch Einblicke in den Forschungsstand veran­schaulichen die verbundene Komplexität und heben dabei teils auch bereits individuelle, inter­aktionelle, institutionelle und gesellschaftliche Perspektiven hervor. Dabei wird jedoch nicht immer klar expliziert, welche individuellen, kollektiven oder verbindenden Verständnisse sozia­len Handelns der Forschungsarbeit jeweils zugrunde liegen. Diesbezüglich fehlen u. U. Refe­renzsysteme, die die Komplexität des sozialen Konstrukts multiprofessioneller Teamarbeit im Spannungsfeld von sowohl Struktur- als auch Handlungsmomenten aufnehmen und entspre­chenden Qualifizierungskonzepten überhaupt zugrunde gelegt werden können. Der vorliegende Artikel widmet sich diesem Anspruch, versucht diesbezüglich sowohl aus theoretischer als auch aus empirischer Perspektive vertiefende Einsichten in die multiprofessionelle Teamarbeit im Kontext inklusiver Bildung zu eröffnen, hierauf aufbauend erste Anschlussstellen für mögliche Qualifizierungskonzepte auszuweisen und soll so einen Ausgangspunkt für eine wissenschaft­lich fundierte Gestaltungsarbeit anbieten.
Abstract
The relevance of multi-professional teamwork is often mentioned in the context of inclusive education. The need for qualification concepts for teaching staff is also increasing. However, existing qualifications often focus primarily on collective structures. This involves the risk of re­ducing the content and not taking individual, professional biographical perspectives into account sufficiently. Insights into current research illustrate the associated complexity and, in some cases, also emphasise individual, interactional, institutional and social perspectives. However, it is not always clear which individual and/or collective understandings of social action underpin the research. In this sense, there is a lack of reference systems that address the complexity of the social construct of multi-professional teamwork integrating both structural as well as individ­ual perspectives. The aim of this paper is to analyse what constitutes multi-professional team­work and how it is related to the individual development of its members. Based on an extensive examination of its theoretical as well as empirical underpinnings, it lays the foundation for an ongoing productive discussion about suitable qualification concepts in this context.
Using statistical and machine learning approaches to describe estuarine tidal dynamics
Authors: Lauer Franziska , Kösters Frank 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Estuaries are ecologically valuable regions where tidal forces move large volumes of water. To understand the ongoing physical processes in such dynamic systems, a series of estuarine monitoring stations is required. Based on the measurements, estuarine dynamics can be described by key values, so-called tidal characteristics. The reconstruction and prediction of tidal characteristics by suitable approaches is essential to discover natural or anthropogenic changes. Therefore, it is of interest to inter- and extrapolate measured values in time and to investigate the spatial relationship between different stations. Normally, such system analyses are performed by deterministic numerical models. However, to facilitate long-term investigations also, statistical and machine learning approaches are good options. For a Weser estuary case study, we implemented three approaches (linear, non-linear, and artificial neural network regression) with the same database to enable the prediction of tidal extrema. Thereby we achieve an accuracy of 0.4–2.5% derivation (based on the RMSEs) while approximating measured values over 19 years. This proves that the approaches can be used for hindcast studies as well as for future analysis of system changes. Our work can be understood as a proof of concept for the practical potential of neural networks in estuarine system analysis.
Climate change risks to water security: Exploring the interplay between climate change, water theft, and water (in)security
Authors: Asaka Jeremiah Ogonda , Argomedo Daniel Weisz , Jones Nathan P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article explores the interplay between climate change, water theft, and water (in)security and proposes a three-node nexus conceptual framework for understanding the same. Water is essential for the proper functioning of human and natural systems. However, water scarcity that was limited to specific regions of the world in the past has today become a global crisis. The global water crisis is driven by climate change, water theft, overuse, wastage, pollution, poor governance, and population growth among other factors. This study relied on a close reading of existing scholarly literature to explore the interplay between climate change, water theft, and water (in)security. The study found that existing literature predominantly frames the interplay as a two-node nexus either between climate change and water (in)security or water theft and water (in)security. This article argues that a two-node nexus misses the interaction between climate change and water theft – a critical aspect that is crucial for a nuanced understanding of the interplay. The article proposes a three-node nexus conceptual framework for understanding the interplay. Finally, the article applies the ‘new’ framework to case studies of Kenya and Mexico and discusses insights for future policy and research.
O lugar da literatura no ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática no contexto da formação inicial docente
Authors: Souza Meire Nadja Meira de , Ferreira Ana Tereza Ramos de Jesus , Moreira Geraldo Eustáquio 
Published: March 2024

Esse artigo busca investigar o lugar da literatura no ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática na formação inicial docente, com delineamento qualitativo de tipo exploratório, por meio da observação participante e utilização de questionários, fotos e vídeos. Essa investigação ocorreu no contexto de uma formação pedagógica para graduandos de Pedagogia e Matemática, com abordagem da literatura para ensinar Matemática, durante o 2º semestre letivo de 2022, na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de Brasília. Evidenciou-se: o favorecimento da resolução de situações-problema partindo da literatura, enquanto material desafiador que instiga o pensamento matemático; a atribuição ao ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática apenas à utilização de números em detrimento da interdisciplinaridade, destacando a necessária superação do ensino fragmentado; a importância da formação inicial do professor a partir de experiências que contribuam para o seu trabalho e prosseguimento do processo mediante a formação continuada.
Evaluating ChatGPT-4’s Diagnostic Accuracy: Impact of Visual Data Integration
Authors: Hirosawa Takanobu , Harada Yukinori , Tokumasu Kazuki , Ito Takahiro , Suzuki Tomoharu , Shimizu Taro 
Published: March 2024

Background
In the evolving field of health care, multimodal generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems, such as ChatGPT-4 with vision (ChatGPT-4V), represent a significant advancement, as they integrate visual data with text data. This integration has the potential to revolutionize clinical diagnostics by offering more comprehensive analysis capabilities. However, the impact on diagnostic accuracy of using image data to augment ChatGPT-4 remains unclear.

Objective
This study aims to assess the impact of adding image data on ChatGPT-4’s diagnostic accuracy and provide insights into how image data integration can enhance the accuracy of multimodal AI in medical diagnostics. Specifically, this study endeavored to compare the diagnostic accuracy between ChatGPT-4V, which processed both text and image data, and its counterpart, ChatGPT-4, which only uses text data.

Methods
We identified a total of 557 case reports published in the American Journal of Case Reports from January 2022 to March 2023. After excluding cases that were nondiagnostic, pediatric, and lacking image data, we included 363 case descriptions with their final diagnoses and associated images. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT-4V and ChatGPT-4 without vision based on their ability to include the final diagnoses within differential diagnosis lists. Two independent physicians evaluated their accuracy, with a third resolving any discrepancies, ensuring a rigorous and objective analysis.

Results
The integration of image data into ChatGPT-4V did not significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy, showing that final diagnoses were included in the top 10 differential diagnosis lists at a rate of 85.1% (n=309), comparable to the rate of 87.9% (n=319) for the text-only version (P=.33). Notably, ChatGPT-4V’s performance in correctly identifying the top diagnosis was inferior, at 44.4% (n=161), compared with 55.9% (n=203) for the text-only version (P=.002, χ2 test). Additionally, ChatGPT-4’s self-reports showed that image data accounted for 30% of the weight in developing the differential diagnosis lists in more than half of cases.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal that currently, ChatGPT-4V predominantly relies on textual data, limiting its ability to fully use the diagnostic potential of visual information. This study underscores the need for further development of multimodal generative AI systems to effectively integrate and use clinical image data. Enhancing the diagnostic performance of such AI systems through improved multimodal data integration could significantly benefit patient care by providing more accurate and comprehensive diagnostic insights. Future research should focus on overcoming these limitations, paving the way for the practical application of advanced AI in medicine.