bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress hyperglycemia and poor outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alkatiri Abdul Hakim , Qalby Nurul , Mappangara Idar , Zainal Ahmad Taufik F. , Cramer Maarten J. , Doevendans Pieter A. , Qanitha Andriany 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundHyperglycemia, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, is frequently observed in patients with acute coronary syndrome, including ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). There are conflicting sources regarding the relationship between hyperglycemia and outcomes in STEMI patients. We aimed to compile evidence to assess the association between hyperglycemia and adverse outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search for articles on PubMed and Embase using search strategies which yielded 4,061 articles. After full-text screening, 66 articles were included for systematic review, and 62 articles were further selected for meta-analysis.ResultsThe 66 included articles spanned the years 2005–2023. Of these, 45 articles reported admission blood glucose, 13 articles used HbA1c, and 7 articles studied fasting blood glucose. Most studies defined STEMI with primary PCI as their inclusion criteria. Mortality was the most often outcome reported related to hyperglycemia. Overall, 55 (83.3%) studies were at low risk of bias. Both admission and fasting blood glucose were significantly related to short- and long-term mortality after STEMI, with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 3.02 (95%CI: 2.65–3.45) and 4.47 (95% CI: 2.54–7.87), respectively. HbA1c showed substantial association with long-term mortality (HR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.31–2.18)) with a pooled RR of 1.58 (95% CI 1.26–1.97). In subsequent analyses, admission hyperglycemia was associated with an increased risk of reinfarction (pooled RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.31–2.17), heart failure (pooled RR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.37–1.77), cardiogenic shock (pooled RR 3.68, 95% CI 2.65–5.11), repeat PCI or stent thrombosis (pooled RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.21–3.28), and composite major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (pooled RR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.54–2.58).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that hyperglycemia has a strong association with poor outcomes after STEMI. Admission and fasting blood glucose are predictors for short-term outcomes, while HbA1c is more appropriate for predicting longer-term outcomes in STEMI patients.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO 2021 (CRD42021292985).
Cooperative control of the DC-link voltage in VSC-MTDC grid via virtual synchronous generators
Authors: Han Huachun , Li Qun , Li Qiang 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSGs) are used in Voltage Source Converter-based Multi-Terminal High-Voltage Direct Current (VSC-MTDC) systems to enhance power system stability. However, the MTDC framework can lead to instability due to reduced inertia in certain grid areas, especially during load switching at VSC stations. This instability is exacerbated by untimely adjustments of the VSG's power setpoint, leading to voltage and frequency oscillations.Methods: This study introduces a cooperative control approach for the DC voltage of the VSG, employing a consensus algorithm and Model Predictive Control (MPC). This method aims to achieve incremental power for the VSG and provide interactive power commands for both the grid side and the wind farm side. The consensus algorithm ensures coherent system adjustments, while the MPC algorithm tracks DC-side voltage changes in real time.Results: The application of this cooperative control approach significantly enhances DC voltage regulation performance. It effectively reduces the extent of frequency drops and mitigates secondary frequency drop (SFD) issues, particularly those arising from the use of wind farms for frequency regulation and the associated speed recovery in wind turbine units.Discussion: The increase in supplemental power effectively utilizes the energy stored in DC-side capacitors for power balance regulation and introduces additional inertial power into the system. Electromagnetic transient simulations have confirmed the effectiveness of the Consensus MPC-VSG method, demonstrating its ability to optimize the dynamic performance of VSC-MTDC systems and promote stability in DC voltage and frequency.Conclusion: The findings suggest that employing the Consensus MPC-VSG method offers a promising solution for enhancing the stability and operational efficiency of VSC-MTDC systems, addressing the challenges posed by the inherent segmentation of the grid and the integration of renewable energy sources like wind farms.
Exploring the clinical significance of IL-38 correlation with PD-1, CTLA-4, and FOXP3 in colorectal cancer draining lymph nodes
Authors: Yuan Liuhong , Tan Zhenyu , Huang Junjie , Chen Feier , Hambly Brett D. , Bao Shisan , Tao Kun 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) presents a substantial challenge characterized by unacceptably high mortality and morbidity, primarily attributed to delayed diagnosis and reliance on palliative care. The immune response of the host plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, with IL-38 emerging as a potential protective factor in CRC. However, the precise involvement of IL-38 among various leucocytes, its interactions with PD-1/PD-L1, and its impact on metastasis require further elucidation.ResultsOur investigation revealed a significant correlation between IL-38 expression and metastasis, particularly concerning survival and interactions among diverse leucocytes within draining lymph nodes. In the mesentery lymph nodes, we observed an inverse correlation between IL-38 expression and stages of lymph node invasions (TNM), invasion depth, distance, and differentiation. This aligns with an overall survival advantage associated with higher IL-38 expression in CRC patients’ nodes compared to lower levels, as well as elevated IL-38 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells. Notably, a distinct subset of patients characterized by IL-38high/PD-1low expression exhibited superior survival outcomes compared to other combinations.DiscussionOur findings demonstrate that IL-38 expression in colorectal regional nodes from CRC patients is inversely correlated with PD-1/PD-L1 but positively correlated with infiltrating CD4+ or CD8+ lymphocytes. The combined assessment of IL-38 and PD-1 expression in colorectal regional nodes emerges as a promising biomarker for predicting the prognosis of CRC.
Association between HDL-C and chronic pain: data from the NHANES database 2003–2004
Authors: Mi Panpan , Dong Haoran , Chen Shengle , Gao Xuan , Cao Xu , Liu Yong , Wang Huijie , Fan Guofeng 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been reported to be associated with pain symptoms of various diseases, and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mediation is related to the pathogenesis of chronic pain. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between HDL-C levels and chronic pain in American adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from American adults aged 20 and above during the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle. Participants were divided into 4 groups based on HDL-C quartiles. We used chi-square tests and Student’s t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests to analyze categorical variables and continuous variables to compare differences between groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study the association between HDL-C levels and the risk of chronic pain. Likelihood ratio tests were used to assess interactions between subgroups, and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsOur final analysis included 4,688 participants, of which 733 (16.4%) had chronic pain. In the multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for covariates, there was a negative correlation between HDL-C levels and chronic pain. Specifically, for every 20 unit increase in HDL-C, the risk of chronic pain decreased by 26%. Compared with the lowest HDL-C quartile (&lt; 43 mg/dL), the highest HDL-C quartile (≥ 64 mg/dL) was associated with a 24% reduction in the risk of chronic pain. No interaction factors affecting the relationship between HDL-C and chronic pain were found in the subgroup analysis.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a negative association between HDL-C levels and chronic pain in US adults, providing insights into the pathogenesis of chronic pain and potential improvements in chronic pain management strategies.
Mental workload assessment by monitoring brain, heart, and eye with six biomedical modalities during six cognitive tasks
Authors: Mark Jesse A. , Curtin Adrian , Kraft Amanda E. , Ziegler Matthias D. , Ayaz Hasan 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe efficiency and safety of complex high precision human-machine systems such as in aerospace and robotic surgery are closely related to the cognitive readiness, ability to manage workload, and situational awareness of their operators. Accurate assessment of mental workload could help in preventing operator error and allow for pertinent intervention by predicting performance declines that can arise from either work overload or under stimulation. Neuroergonomic approaches based on measures of human body and brain activity collectively can provide sensitive and reliable assessment of human mental workload in complex training and work environments.MethodsIn this study, we developed a new six-cognitive-domain task protocol, coupling it with six biomedical monitoring modalities to concurrently capture performance and cognitive workload correlates across a longitudinal multi-day investigation. Utilizing two distinct modalities for each aspect of cardiac activity (ECG and PPG), ocular activity (EOG and eye-tracking), and brain activity (EEG and fNIRS), 23 participants engaged in four sessions over 4 weeks, performing tasks associated with working memory, vigilance, risk assessment, shifting attention, situation awareness, and inhibitory control.ResultsThe results revealed varying levels of sensitivity to workload within each modality. While certain measures exhibited consistency across tasks, neuroimaging modalities, in particular, unveiled meaningful differences between task conditions and cognitive domains.DiscussionThis is the first comprehensive comparison of these six brain-body measures across multiple days and cognitive domains. The findings underscore the potential of wearable brain and body sensing methods for evaluating mental workload. Such comprehensive neuroergonomic assessment can inform development of next generation neuroadaptive interfaces and training approaches for more efficient human-machine interaction and operator skill acquisition.
Consumers’ willingness to buy meat and seafood products close to the expiry date: an exploratory study from Denmark
Authors: Pandey Sujita , Bohl Amanda , Favari Vittoria , Mora Pietro , Phuyal Sudikshya , Sojková Eliška , Budhathoki Mausam , Thomsen Marianne 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionMeat- and seafood products close to their expiry date (MSPCED) are one of the significant contributors to the growing food waste. Therefore, this study aims to investigate consumers’ attitudes and willingness to buy MSPCED.MethodsAn online questionnaire was used to collect data from 400 Danish consumers.Results and discussionThree consumer segments were identified based on their willingness to buy MSPCED: 39.8% of the participants showed a high willingness to buy MSPCED close to their expiry date (“All High”), 34.5% were selective with a high willingness to buy meat close to their expiry date but not seafood (“High meat, low seafood”), while 25.7% showed a low willingness to buy MSPCED (“All Low”). Consumers’ willingness to buy MSPCED is influenced by the perceived quality of the products, food safety, social acceptability, and price. Consumers were willing to pay a higher price for minced beef close to the expiry date when compared to cod fillets, pork cuts, and chicken breasts. However, consumers were willing to buy cod fillets with the lowest discount percentage when compared to pork cuts, minced beef, and chicken breast. The findings suggest that price reduction and discount percentage can have varying effects in influencing willingness to pay for MSPCED. This study provides valuable insights, for food waste practitioners in the retail sector, to develop effective strategies for reducing food waste by influencing consumer willingness to buy and pay for perishable products like meat and seafood.
e-VITA study protocol: EU-Japan virtual coach for smart aging
Authors: Bevilacqua Roberta , Stara Vera , Amabili Giulio , Margaritini Arianna , Benadduci Marco , Barbarossa Federico , Maranesi Elvira , Rigaud Anne-Sophie , Dacunha Sébastien , Palmier Cecilia , Moller Johanna , Browne Ryan , Ogawa Toshimi , Wieching Rainer 
Published: March 2024

AimThe aim of this study is to report a trial protocol for assessing the improvement of older adults’ well-being, promoting active and healthy aging, and reducing the risks of social exclusion, using a virtual coach.BackgroundIncreased longevity brings with it reduced autonomy and independence, and it is therefore necessary to act with preventive measures that can promote active and healthy aging. With the development of technology, new tools have appeared, including virtual coaches, which can enable people to lead a healthy lifestyle by identifying individual needs and goals and providing personalized recommendations and advice. However, it is important that these coaches take into consideration the inter-individual and cross-cultural differences of each person.DesignA randomized controlled trial is proposed.MethodsThis study will recruit 240 healthy subjects aged 65 years and older. Participants will be assigned to an experimental group that will receive the e-VITA system or to the control group that will receive an information booklet only. The primary outcome measure is the person's quality of life (QoL). Data will be collected at baseline, 3 months after the trial, and at the end of the trial, after 6 months.DiscussionThis study will evaluate the effectiveness of the e-VITA system, consisting of a virtual coach, several sensors for monitoring, a smartphone for use at home, and a booklet, in improving the older person's quality of life. The increased perceived well-being will also be linked to improvements in other areas of the person's life, psychological and cognitive status, the area of sociality, nutrition, and eHealth literacy.
A study protocol for integrating outpatient services at the primary health care level as part of the universal health coverage benefit package within the national health insurance program of Pakistan through private health facilities
Authors: Azmat Syed Khurram , Thom Ellen Mpangananji , Arshad Muhammad , Hamza Hasan Bin , Aabroo Atiya , Balal Asma , Awan Muhammad Ali , Rifaq Faisal , Hemachandra Nilmini , Qudsia Uzma 
Published: March 2024

Introduction and aimPakistan has a mixed-health system where up to 60% of health expenditures are out of pocket. Almost 80% of primary healthcare (PHC) facilities are in the private sector, which is deeply embedded within the country’s health system and may account for the unaffordability of healthcare. Since 2016, the existing national health insurance program or Sehat Sahulat Program (SSP), has provided invaluable coverage and financial protection to the millions of low-income families living in Pakistan by providing inpatient services at secondary and tertiary levels. However, a key gap is the non-inclusion of outpatient services at the PHC in the insurance scheme. This study aims to engage a private provider network of general practitioners in select union councils of Islamabad Capital Authority (ICT) of Pakistan to improve access, uptake, and satisfaction and reduce out-of-pocket expenditure on quality outpatient services at the PHC level, including family planning and reproductive health services.Methods and analysisA 24-month research study is proposed with a 12-month intervention period using a mixed method, two-arm, prospective, quasi-experimental controlled before and after design with a sample of 863 beneficiary families from each study arm, i.e., intervention and control groups (N = 1726) will be selected through randomization at the selected beneficiary family/household level from four peri-urban Union Councils of ICT where no public sector PHC-level facility exists. All ethical considerations will be assured, along with quality assurance strategies. Quantitative pre/post surveys and third-party monitoring are proposed to measure the intervention outcomes. Qualitative inquiry with beneficiaries, general practitioners and policymakers will assess their knowledge and practices.Conclusion and knowledge contributionPHC should be the first point of contact for accessing health services and appears to serve as a programmatic engine for universal health coverage (UHC). The research aims to study a service delivery model which harnesses the private sector to deliver an essential package of health services as outpatient services under SSP, ultimately facilitating UHC. Findings will provide a blueprint referral system to reduce unnecessary hospital admissions and improve timely access to healthcare. A robust PHC system can improve population health, lower healthcare expenditure, strengthen the healthcare system, and ultimately make UHC a reality.
Moral sensitivity and caring behavior in nursing interns: the mediating role of empathy
Authors: Chen Jin yan , Chen Hong fang , Wang Xing huan , Zong Qing zhen , Yao Zhen zhen 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundThe main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between moral sensitivity, empathy, and caring behaviors and to explore the mediating effect of empathy on moral sensitivity and caring behaviors of nursing interns.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2022 in which 261 nursing interns from two Grade 3A Hospitals in Xi’an participated. The questionnaires used in the survey include the General Information Questionnaire (GIQ), the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire—Revised Version translated into Chinese (MSQ R-CV), the Chinese version of the Jefferson Empathy Scale (JSE), and the Chinese version of the Caring Behavior Inventory (C-CBI). The obtained data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the mediating effect of empathy was tested through structural equations.ResultsThe overall mean of moral sensitivity of nursing interns in two Grade 3A Hospitals in Xi’an is 40.84 ± 8.73, the overall mean of empathy is 100.51 ± 21.56, and the overall mean of caring behavior is (113.81 ± 21.05). Statistical analysis showed that there is a positive correlation between moral sensitivity and caring behavior of nursing interns (r = 0.376, p &lt; 0.01), between their empathy and moral sensitivity (r = 0.336, p &lt; 0.01), and between their empathy and caring behavior (r = 0.394, p &lt; 0.01). The empathy of nursing interns has a mediated effect on the relationship between moral sensitivity and caring behavior. The mediated effect value was 0.14, accounting for 31.82% of the total effect.ConclusionThe moral sensitivity of nursing interns can have a direct impact on predicting the caring behavior and indirect influences their caring behaviors mediated by empathy, with the latter effect being mediated by empathy. Therefore, nursing educators and hospital administrators should adopt targeted interventions to improve the moral sensitivity and empathy of nursing interns, which can further prove to be beneficial in improving their caring behaviors, leading to enhanced quality of nursing care and reduced nurse–patient conflicts and finally to a stabilized nursing team.
Spatiotemporal analysis and forecasting of lumpy skin disease outbreaks in Ethiopia based on retrospective outbreak reports
Authors: Tesfaye Shimels , Regassa Fikru , Beyene Gashaw , Leta Samson , Paeshuyse Jan 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionLumpy skin disease is a viral disease that affects cattle belonging to genus Capripoxvirus (Poxviridae) and lead to significant economic losses.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks and predict future patterns based on retrospective outbreak reports in Ethiopia.MethodsData were collected through direct communication with regional laboratories and a hierarchical reporting system from the Peasant Associations to Ministry of Agriculture. Time-series data for the LSD outbreaks were analyzed using classical additive time-series decomposition and STL decomposition. Four models (ARIMA, SARIMA, ETS, STLF) were also used to forecast the number of LSD outbreaks that occurred each month for the years (2021–2025) after the models’ accuracy test was performed. Additionally, the space–time permutation model (STP) were also used to study retrospective space–time cluster analysis of LSD outbreaks in Ethiopia.ResultsThis study examined the geographical and temporal distribution of LSD outbreaks in Ethiopia from 2008 to 2020, reporting a total of 3,256 LSD outbreaks, 14,754 LSD-positive cases, 7,758 deaths, and 289 slaughters. It also covered approximately 68% of Ethiopia’s districts, with Oromia reporting the highest LSD outbreaks. In the LSD’s temporal distribution, the highest peak was reported following the rainy season in September to December and its lowest peak in the dry months of April and May. Out of the four models tested for forecasting, the SARIMA (3, 0, 0) (2, 1, 0) [12] model performed well for the validation data, while the STLF+Random Walk had a robust prediction for the training data. Thus, the SARIMA and STLF+Random Walk models produced a more accurate forecast of LSD outbreaks between 2020 and 2025. From retrospective Space–Time Cluster Analysis of LSD, eight possible clusters were also identified, with five of them located in central part of Ethiopia.ConclusionThe study’s time series and ST-cluster analysis of LSD outbreak data provide valuable insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of the disease in Ethiopia. These insights can aid in the development of effective strategies to control and prevent the spread of the disease and holds great potential for improving efforts to combat LSD in the country.
Preconceito e outros contos, de Albertino Bragança: uma ponte entre tempos
Authors: Fonseca Fernanda dos Santos , Lima Natália Leão 
Published: March 2024

O livro Preconceito e outros contos (2014), do escritor são-tomense Albertino Bragança, oferece ao leitor -além de uma fruição estética singular- uma experiência com a história da cultura descrita, permitindo que este consiga, através da obra presente, visitar o passado colonial e vislumbrar, junto com os personagens, um futuro mais justo e feliz. Por esta razão, esta pesquisa objetiva realizar um estudo da obra supracitada, sublinhando trechos que são como portas que, quando atravessadas (lidas), podem nos levar ao encontro dos mais profundos sentimentos que transbordam da história de São Tomé e Príncipe. Não pretendemos impor significados ou anacronicamente estabelecer sentidos aleatórios, mas refletir sobre como os contos presentes neste livro estabelecem uma ponte entre tempos[1], nos fazendo, através da compreensão do passado, entender o presente e desejar um futuro específico: que seja mais livre e pacífico. Para auxiliar a análise, utilizamos referencial teórico embasado em Araújo; Neto (2020), Castro-Gómez e Grosfoguel (2007), Chaves (2000), Fanon (2008), Gilroy (2001), Mbembe (2014), Medeiros (2012), Mudimbe (2013) e Ramos (2011). Acreditamos que, ao longo da leitura, a comparação com o processo de colonização nacional seja natural e, talvez, oportuna para pensarmos a linha do tempo brasileira com mais criticidade, embora esperemos que essa inferência não nos distraia do ato central no qual, devidamente atentos e dispostos, visitaremos a realidade da nação são-tomense.

[1] Afirmação feita primeiramente pela escritora Inocência Mata, responsável pelo prefácio da Obra (2014)