bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous resolution of eruptive papules following ablative laser resurfacing—Case report and review of laser‐associated eruptive keratoacanthomas
Authors: Nanda Rahul , Cohen Joel L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundKeratoacanthomas (KAs) following laser treatment are a rare, but well‐described entity.AimHerein, we describe a case of eruptive keratoacanthoma (KA) following laser resurfacing treatment and aim to better characterize laser‐associated KAs.MethodsA literature search was performed on PubMed reviewing laser‐associated KAs including various characteristics: epidemiology, history of skin cancer, location, and number, type of laser, as well as the management and outcome.ResultsFractional ablative was the most common type of laser triggering KAs, and most cases presented within the first month following treatment. The majority of cases of laser‐induced KA had a prior history of a malignant or premalignant skin neoplasm. Laser‐induced KAs were treated using modalities similar to KAs arising in other contexts.ConclusionClinicians need to be knowledgeable and prepared to understand, and manage complications following laser treatments, as rare as they may be, including KAs.
Factors impeding physical activity in older hospitalised patients: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Wen Peiting , Sun Lili , Shen TianTian , Wang Zhaodi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundOlder hospitalised patients have low levels of physical activity and multiple impairing factors.AimsTo systematically evaluate the perceived barriers to physical activity among older patients during hospitalisation, and provide reference for future intervention programs.DesignFollowing ENTREQ, do a systematic evaluation and synthesis of qualitative investigations.MethodsAn exhaustive exploration was conducted across the CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from their inception until August, 2023 to identify qualitative research on obstacles to physical activity among older hospital patients. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for qualitative research. Meta‐synthesis method was used to integrate the results.ResultsIn total, 8 literatures were included, 43 themes were extracted, and analogous research results were amalgamated to generate 10 categories and 3 syntheses: individual level, interpersonal influencing factors and hospital environment and resources level.ConclusionOlder inpatients are faced with multiple barriers to physical activity. Medical staff should pay attention to changes in physical activity during hospitalisation, identify barriers to physical activity in older inpatients and provide references for promoting physical activity programs for the older.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study is a meta‐synthesis and does not require relevant contributions from patients or the public.What is already known

Older patients are at low physical activity levels during hospitalisation.

Older inpatients are faced with multiple barriers to physical activity.

What this paper adds

Factors of physical activity impairment in hospitalised older patients should be considered in the context of health status, psychological factors, motivation and social support.

Disease‐induced psychological fallout has a greater impact on physical activity in the older.
Meta‐regresses and the limits of persuasive argumentation
Authors: Melchior Guido 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a thorough analysis of two often informally stated claims. First, successful argumentation in the sense of persuasive argumentation requires agreement between the interlocutors about the rationality of arguments. Second, a general agreement about rationality of arguments cannot itself be established via argumentation, since such an attempt leads to an infinite meta‐regress. Hence, agreement about the rationality of arguments is a precondition for successful argumentation. As the paper argues, these plausible claims hold under the assumption that interlocutors are subjectively rational and follow their own standards of rationality when engaging in argumentation.
Exposure of satellite tagged bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) to transiting vessels in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
Authors: Martin Morgan J. , Halliday William D. , Ferguson Steven H. , Young Brent G. , Charish Rachel , Dawson Jackie , Fortune Sarah M. E. , Juanes Francis , Qaunaq Levi , Insley Stephen J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClimate change poses new challenges to Arctic marine mammals, with increasing vessel traffic and associated underwater noise pollution emerging as significant threats. The bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus), an endemic Arctic cetacean, faces these new threats. The Eastern Canada‐West Greenland (ECWG) bowhead whale population migrates through areas with the highest levels of vessel traffic in the Canadian Arctic. Here, we document the spatial and temporal overlap between 36 satellite‐tagged ECWG bowhead whales and vessels equipped with Automatic Identification System (AIS) transponders during 2012–2017. We report 1,145 instances where vessels were within 125 km of a tagged whale, with 306 occurrences within distances ≤50 km. Overlap between vessels and tagged bowhead whales was quantified monthly within years to investigate individual whale encounter rates. Results indicate that ECWG bowhead whales encounter the majority (79%) of vessels annually during August–October, with the highest number of encounters (42%) observed in September. Encounter rates ranged from 0.25 to 0.51 vessels encountered per day per whale during August–October compared to <0.07 vessels per day in all other months in this study. To better inform conservation strategies, further research is required to assess bowhead whale behavioral responses relative to distance from vessels.
The effect of education given to hemodialysis patients based on the Roy Adaptation Model on fluid management, symptom control, and quality of life
Authors: Ozdemir Ozlem , Unsar Serap 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the effect of fluid management, symptom control, and quality of life on education based on the Roy Adaptation Model. This randomized controlled study was conducted with the participation of 107 patients (53 intervention, 54 control). Data were collected using the “Patient Data Collection Form,” “Fluid Control in Hemodialysis Patients Scale,” “Dialysis Symptom Index,” and “Nottingham Health Profile.” The forms were filled out through face‐to‐face interviews with the patients in the intervention and control groups at the 0th (onset), 1st, and 3rd months. The patients in the intervention group were trained with an education booklet based on the Roy Adaptation Model. The results revealed that the education given according to the Roy Adaptation Model improved the compliance with fluid control, quality of life, and symptom control of hemodialysis patients. It is recommended that education based on the Roy Adaptation Model be systematically used by hemodialysis nurses. The results are limited to the population included in the study, and further research on hemodialysis populations is needed.
Numerical study of the Amick–Schonbek system
Authors: Klein Christian , Saut Jean‐Claude 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a survey and a detailed numerical study on a remarkable Boussinesq system describing weakly nonlinear, long surface water waves. In the one‐dimensional case, this system can be viewed as a dispersive perturbation of the hyperbolic Saint‐Venant (shallow water) system. The asymptotic stability of the solitary waves is numerically established. Blow‐up of solutions for initial data not satisfying the noncavitation condition as well as the appearance of dispersive shock waves are studied.
Why do marionette lines appear? Exploring the anatomical perspectives and role of thread‐based interventions
Authors: Hong Gi‐Woong , Kim Soo‐Bin , Park Soo Yeon , Wan Jovian , Yi Kyu‐Ho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe pathogenesis of marionette lines involves a complex interplay of anatomical, physiological, and age‐related factors leading to the development of wrinkles around the oral commissures. This exploration delves into the distinct anatomical predispositions observed among different ethnicities, emphasizing the role of compact modiolus structures and muscle compositions. Notably, individuals of East Asian descent exhibit inherent facial structures that predispose them to pronounced sagging around the oral commissures during aging. The emergence of distinct facial lines, such as the commissural line and the melolabial fold, contributes to the formation of marionette lines. This specific wrinkle pattern, resembling a marionette puppet's mouth contours, is influenced by various factors like bone resorption, gravitational forces, fat compartment variations, muscle compression, ligament tethering, and skin aging. Treatment strategies for marionette lines encompass diverse interventions, including filler injections, botulinum neurotoxin, surgeries targeting fat reduction, thread lifting, and volumizing fillers. These approaches aim to address the underlying causes and mitigate the appearance of marionette lines. Botulinum neurotoxin injections, for instance, weaken specific facial muscles, reducing downward strain and aiding in tissue retraction. Anatomical considerations during procedures are crucial to avoid nerve or vascular damage. Delicate manipulation and precise entry points are essential to prevent inadvertent injuries, particularly concerning blood vessels like the facial artery and nerves like the mental nerve. Technical guidelines for procedures targeting marionette lines involve specific techniques like cogged thread reverse methods and volumizing thread placements. Attention to entry points, tissue engagement, and the direction of threads is crucial for effective treatment outcomes, minimizing complications, and ensuring patient safety.
Description and clinical relevance of the variable conformation of canine spinal arachnoid diverticula
Authors: De Frias Joao Miguel , De Decker Steven , De Stefani Alberta , Llabres‐Diaz Francisco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe conformation of spinal arachnoid diverticula (SAD) and their clinical implications are poorly characterized in dogs. This retrospective cross‐sectional study describes different SAD conformations in dogs and aims to identify if there is an association between SAD conformation and clinical features, localization, syringomyelia (SM) presence, concurrent vertebral condition, treatment option, and short as well as long‐term outcome. Sixty‐two dogs were included (12 cervical and 50 thoracolumbar SAD). All dogs with a cervical SAD had a cranial tethered conformation and were not included in the statistical analysis. Half of the dogs with a thoracolumbar SAD were cranial tethered, and the other half were caudal tethered. SM associated with SAD had a moderate prevalence in the cervical region (58.3%) and a high prevalence in the thoracolumbar region (82%). All dogs with the presence of SM and caudal tethered SAD had a cranial positioned SM, and all dogs with SM and a cranial tethered SAD had a caudal positioned SM. The SM absolute length and SM length/L2 ratio were significantly higher (P = .018, respectively) in the caudal tethered SAD compared with the cranial tethered SAD. The short‐term outcome was statistically different (P = .045) between caudal and cranial tethered thoracolumbar SAD, but not the long‐term outcome (P = .062). Multivariable logistic regression identified thoracolumbar caudal tethered SAD conformation had a better short‐term outcome (P = 0.017, OR: 0.043, CI: 0.003–0.563), independently of SM length measurements. SAD conformation in dogs can influence SM formation. A possible link between short‐term outcome and SAD conformation was found, but further research is warranted.
Analysis of the Flow Structure in a Supersonic Channel with Cavity
Authors: Seleznev R. K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The results of numerical study of supersonic flow in a channel with cavity are given. The calculated oscillation spectra are analyzed using the fast Fourier transform. Two types of oscillatory modes can be distinguished in the resulting periodic self-oscillatory regime. The first type of the modes corresponds to acoustic vibrations caused by the passage of sound waves along the cavity and calculated using the modified Rossiter formula. The second type of the modes corresponds to the frequencies of flow-rate oscillations caused by mass transfer between the cavity and the external flow. It is shown that the flow structure is modified when fuel is supplied in front of the cavity. Active combustion occurs in the layer of mixing fuel and oxygen from air. The flow pattern demonstrates the onset of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability on the interface between the main flow and the reacted gas. It is shown that an increase in the supplied fuel pressure leads to a decrease in the oscillation frequency and an increase in the characteristic size of oscillations.
Personalised stroke evaluation and management: tailoring individualised patient care for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Park Zackary , Dunston Randy , Ranasinghe Tamra 
Published: April 2024

SummaryHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 5000–8000 individuals globally with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) affecting approximately 15%–50% of HHT patients. Ischaemic stroke is a known complication of PAVMs that affects ≤30% of patients with PAVMs. Studies have shown that patients with PAVMs have ischaemic stroke a decade earlier than routine stroke. The predominant mechanism of ischaemic stroke in HHT patients is paradoxical embolism due to PAVMs, but most HHT-related PAVMs are asymptomatic. Additionally, HHT is often underdiagnosed in patients and poses a challenge to physicians due to its rarity. We present a case of a patient with ischaemic stroke who was subsequently diagnosed with HHT and found to have a PAVM on further evaluation. This case highlights the importance of using an individualised patient-centred stroke evaluation and screening for PAVMs in patients who had a stroke with possible or suspected HHT and definite HHT.
Generative artificial intelligence and non-pharmacological bias: an experimental study on cancer patient sexual health communications
Authors: Hanai Akiko , Ishikawa Tetsuo , Kawauchi Shoichiro , Iida Yuta , Kawakami Eiryo 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to explore the feature of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in asking sexual health among cancer survivors, which are often challenging for patients to discuss.MethodsWe employed the Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3.5 (GPT) as the generative AI platform and used DocsBot for citation retrieval (June 2023). A structured prompt was devised to generate 100 questions from the AI, based on epidemiological survey data regarding sexual difficulties among cancer survivors. These questions were submitted to Bot1 (standard GPT) and Bot2 (sourced from two clinical guidelines).ResultsNo censorship of sexual expressions or medical terms occurred. Despite the lack of reflection on guideline recommendations, ‘consultation’ was significantly more prevalent in both bots’ responses compared with pharmacological interventions, with ORs of 47.3 (p<0.001) in Bot1 and 97.2 (p<0.001) in Bot2.DiscussionGenerative AI can serve to provide health information on sensitive topics such as sexual health, despite the potential for policy-restricted content. Responses were biased towards non-pharmacological interventions, which is probably due to a GPT model designed with the ’s prohibition policy on replying to medical topics. This shift warrants attention as it could potentially trigger patients’ expectations for non-pharmacological interventions.
Image-guided orbital surgery: a preclinical validation study using a high-resolution physical model
Authors: Khan Rizwana I , McElhinney Kealan , Dickson Andrew , Kileen Ronan P , Murphy Conor , O’Brien Donncha F 
Published: April 2024

ObjectivePreclinical validation study to assess the feasibility and accuracy of electromagnetic image-guided systems (EM-IGS) in orbital surgery using high-fidelity physical orbital anatomy simulators.MethodsEM-IGS platform, clinical software, navigation instruments and reference system (StealthStation S8, Medtronic) were evaluated in a mock operating theatre at the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, a tertiary academic hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Five high-resolution 3D-printed model skulls were created using CT scans of five anonymised patients with an orbital tumour that previously had a successful orbital biopsy or excision. The ability of ophthalmic surgeons to achieve satisfactory system registration in each model was assessed. Subsequently, navigational accuracy was recorded using defined anatomical landmarks as ground truth. Qualitative feedback on the system was also attained.ResultsThree independent surgeons participated in the study, one junior trainee, one fellow and one consultant. Across models, more senior participants were able to achieve a smaller system-generated registration error in a fewer number of attempts. When assessing navigational accuracy, submillimetre accuracy was achieved for the majority of points (16 landmarks per model, per participant). Qualitative surgeon feedback suggested acceptability of the technology, although interference from mobile phones near the operative field was noted.ConclusionThis study suggests the feasibility and accuracy of EM-IGS in a preclinical validation study for orbital surgery using patient specific 3D-printed skulls. This preclinical study provides the foundation for clinical studies to explore the safety and effectiveness of this technology.
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in trauma management: a comprehensive study of clinical indications and challenges
Authors: Wannatoop Tongporn , Phuangphung Peerayuht , Sornmanapong Tanut 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe application of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in trauma resuscitation, including for profound shock and cardiac arrest, has gained prominence. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of patients who were transported to the trauma resuscitation area (the TTRA group) and those who died at the scene (the DAS group), aiming to identify suitable REBOA candidates and critical contraindications.MethodsA descriptive research design was used. We retrospectively reviewed 1158 adult trauma patients managed at a level I trauma center in 2020 and 2021. The TTRA group comprised 215 patients who, upon arrival at the trauma resuscitation area, either presented with a systolic blood pressure under 90 mm Hg or were in traumatic cardiac arrest but still exhibited signs of life. The study included patients directly transferred from incident scenes to the forensic unit. The DAS group comprised 434 individuals who were declared deceased at the scene of major trauma. REBOA indications were considered for two purposes: anatomic bleeding control for sources below the diaphragm to the groin, and circulatory restoration in patients with profound shock or cardiac arrest. Absolute REBOA contraindications were assessed, particularly for aortic and cardiac injuries, with or without cardiac tamponade.ResultsPredominantly male, the cohort largely consisted of motorcycle accident victims. The median Injury Severity Score was 41 (range 1–75). Within the TTRA group, the prospective applicability of REBOA was 52.6%, with a prevalence of major hemorrhagic sources from the abdomen to the groin of 38.6% and substantial intra-abdominal bleeding of 28.8%. The DAS group exhibited a prevalence of major hemorrhagic sources from the abdomen to the groin of 50.2%, and substantial intra-abdominal bleeding of 41.2%. In terms of REBOA contraindications, the DAS group demonstrated a greater prevalence of overall contraindications of 25.8%, aortic injuries 17.3%, and concomitant conditions of 16.4%. In the TTRA group, the rates of overall contraindications, aortic injury, and comorbid conditions were 12.6%, 4.2%, and 8.8, respectively. Cardiac injuries were noted in approximately 10% of patients in both groups.ConclusionsThis investigation underscores the potential benefits of REBOA in the management of major trauma patients. The prevalence of bleeding sources suitable for REBOA was high in both the TTRA and DAS groups. However, a significant number of patients in both groups also had contraindications to the procedure. These outcomes highlight the critical importance of enhanced training in patient assessment to ensure the safe and effective deployment of REBOA, particularly in resource-limited environments such as ongoing trauma resuscitation and prehospital care.Level of evidenceLevel III.
QGP probes from a dynamical holographic model of AdS/QCD
Authors: Heshmatian S. , Morad R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we employ the gauge/gravity duality to study some features of the quark–gluon plasma. For this purpose, we implement a holographic QCD model constructed from an Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton gravity at finite temperature and finite chemical potential. The model captures both the confinement and deconfinement phases of QCD and we use it to study the effect of temperature and chemical potential on a heavy quark moving through the plasma. We calculate the drag force, Langevin diffusion coefficients and also the jet quenching parameter, and our results align with other holographic QCD models and the experimental data.
Regge trajectory relations for the universal description of the heavy-light systems: diquarks, mesons, baryons and tetraquarks
Authors: Chen Jiao-Kai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTwo newly proposed Regge trajectory relations are employed to analyze the heavy-light systems. One of the relations is $$M=m_1+m_2+C'+\beta _x\sqrt{x+c_{0x}}$$

M
=

m
1

+

m
2

+

C
′

+

β
x

x
+

c

0
x

, $$(x=l,\,n_r)$$

(
x
=
l
,

n
r

)

. Another reads $$M=m_1+C'+\sqrt{\beta _x^2(x+c_{0x})+\frac{4}{3}\sqrt{{\pi }{\beta _x}}m^{3/2}_2(x+c_{0x})^{1/4}}$$

M
=

m
1

+

C
′

+

β
x
2

(
x
+

c

0
x

)

+

4
3

π

β
x

m
2

3
/
2

(
x
+

c

0
x

)

1
/
4

. M is the bound state mass. $$m_1$$

m
1

and $$m_2$$

m
2

are the masses of the heavy constituent and the light constituent, respectively. l is the orbital angular momentum and $$n_r$$

n
r

is the radial quantum number. $$\beta _x$$

β
x

and $$c_{0x}$$

c

0
x

are fitted. $$m_1$$

m
1

, $$m_2$$

m
2

and $$C'$$

C
′

are input parameters. These two formulas consider both of the masses of heavy constituent and light constituent. We find that the heavy-light diquarks, the heavy-light mesons, the heavy-light baryons and the heavy-light tetraquarks satisfy these two formulas. When applying the first formula, the heavy-light systems satisfy the universal description irrespective of both of the masses of the light constituents and the heavy constituent. When using the second relation, the heavy-light systems satisfy the universal description irrespective of the mass of the heavy constituent. The fitted slopes differ distinctively for the heavy-light mesons, baryons and tetraquarks, respectively. When employing the first relation, the average values of $$c_{fn_r}$$

c

f

n
r

($$c_{fl}$$

c

fl

) are 1.026, 0.794 and 0.553 (1.026, 0.749 and 0.579) for the heavy-light mesons, the heavy-light baryons and the heavy-light tetraquarks, respectively. Upon application of the second relation, the mean values of $$c_{fn_r}$$

c

f

n
r

($$c_{fl}$$

c

fl

) are 1.108, 0.896 and 0.647 (1.114, 0.855 and 0.676) for the heavy-light mesons, the heavy-light baryons and the heavy-light tetraquarks, respectively. Moreover, the fitted results show that the Regge trajectories for the heavy-light systems are concave downwards in the $$(M^2,\,n_r)$$

(

M
2

,

n
r

)

and $$(M^2,\,l)$$

(

M
2

,

l
)

planes.