bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Educational Background on Stated Retreatment Choices for Suboptimal Fixed Prosthodontic Conditions
Authors: Akeel Riyadh 
Published: October 2007

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the stated retreatment choices for defined, suboptimal fixed prosthodontic scenarios among groups of dental professionals with differing levels of education. Materials and Methods: The study population (n = 75) comprised interns (n = 27), various categories of graduate students (n = 32), and specialist staff (n = 16) from the same institution. Participants were required to record their choices of retreatment or no retreatment for 22 suboptimal fixed prosthodontic scenarios. Results: Participants' choices varied within and between groups, with regard to specific scenarios. Intergroup differences that were statistically significant were for faulty occlusion (p= 0.013), open margin (p= 0.019), defective root filling (p= 0.001), periapical radiolucency (p= 0.011), and improper pontic design (p= 0.005), when no signs and symptoms, no caries, or no inflammation were present. The results confirm the widely‐acknowledged variability in decision making that exists among dental professionals in general. Conclusion: The tendency for a significantly more interventive approach by those on a training pathway focused on imparting primarily clinical/technical skills than those enrolled in more conventional, academically‐based programs, suggests that an educational dimension cannot be overlooked in the characterization of dentists' stated retreatment decision choices.
ADAM8 expression is associated with increased invasiveness and reduced patient survival in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Valkovskaya N. , Kayed H. , Felix K. , Hartmann D. , Giese N. A. , Osinsky S. P. , Friess H. , Kleeff J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractADAM8 belongs to a family of transmembrane proteins implicated in cell–cell interactions, proteolysis of membrane proteins, and various aspects of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and function of ADAM8 in pancreatic cancer. ADAM8 mRNA levels were analysed by quantitative RT‐PCR and correlated to patient survival. Immunohistochemistry was performed to localize ADAM8 in pancreatic tis‐sues. Silencing of ADAM8 expression was carried out by transfection with specific siRNA oligonucleotides. Cell growth and invasion assays were used to assess the functional consequences of ADAM8 silencing. SELDI‐TOF‐MS was performed to detect the proteolytic activity of ADAM8 in pancreatic cancer cells. ADAM8 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) compared with normal pancreatic tissues (5.3‐fold increase; P= 0.0008), and high ADAM8 mRNA and protein expression levels correlated with reduced survival time of PDAC patients (P= 0.048 and P= 0.065, respectively). Silencing of ADAM8 expression did not significantly influence pancreatic cancer cell growth but suppressed invasiveness. In addition, decreased proteolytic activity was measured in cell culture supernatants following silencing of ADAM8. In conclusion, ADAM8 is overexpressed in PDAC, influences cancer cell invasiveness and correlates with reduced survival, suggesting that ADAM8 might be a potential target in pancreatic cancer therapy.
Increased VEGFR2 expression during human late endothelial progenitor cells expansion enhances in vitro angiogenesis with up‐regulation of integrin α6
Authors: Smadja David M. , Bièche Ivan , Helley Dominique , Laurendeau Ingrid , Simonin Ghislaine , Muller Laurent , Aiach Martine , Gaussem Pascale 
Published: October 2007

Abstract In vitro expansion of late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) might yield a cell therapy product useful for myocardial and leg ischaemia, but the influence of EPC expansion on the angiogenic properties of these cells is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of in vitro EPC expansion on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor expression. EPCs were obtained from CD34+ cord blood cells and expanded for up to 5 weeks. Real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) showed that VEGFR2 expression, contrary to VEGFR1 and VEGFR3 expression, was significantly higher on expanded EPCs than on freshly isolated CD34+ cells or on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Quantitative flow cytometry confirmed that VEGFR2 density on EPCs increased during the expansion process and was significantly higher than on HUVECs. The impact of VEGFR2 increase was studied on the three theoretical steps of angiogenesis, i.e., EPC proliferation, migration and differentiation. VEGFR2 up‐regulation had no effect on VEGF‐induced cell proliferation, but significantly enhanced EPC migration and pseudotubes formation dependent on integrin α6 subunit overexpression. In vitro expansion of late EPCs increases the expression of VEGFR2, the main VEGF receptor, with possible implications for EPC‐based angiogenic therapy.
Issues affecting molecular staging in the management of patients with melanoma
Authors: Palmieri G. , Casula M. , Sini M.C. , Ascierto P.A. , Cossu A. 
Published: October 2007

Introduction
Role of the RT‐PCR in prognostic prediction
Molecular complexity of melanomagenesis
Conclusions

AbstractPrediction of metastatic potential remains one of the main goals to be pursued in order to better assess the risk subgroups of patients with melanoma. Detection of occult melanoma cells in peripheral blood (circulating metastatic cells [CMC]) or in sentinel lymph nodes (sentinel node metastatic cells [SNMC]), could significantly contribute to better predict survival in melanoma patients. An overview of the numerous published studies indicate the existence of several drawbacks about either the reliability of the approaches for identification of occult melanoma cells or the clinical value of CMC and SNMC as prognostic factors among melanoma patients. In this sense, characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in development and progression of melanoma (referred to as melanomagenesis) could contribute to better classify the different subsets of melanoma patients. Increasing evidence suggest that melanoma develops as a result of accumulated abnormalities in genetic pathways within the melanocytic lineage. The different molecular mechanisms may have separate roles or cooperate during all evolutionary phases of melanocytic tumourigenesis, generating different subsets of melanoma patients with distinct aggressiveness, clinical behaviour, and response to therapy. All these features associated with either the dissemination of occult metastatic cells or the melanomagenesis might be useful to adequately manage the melanoma patients with different prognosis as well as to better address the different melanoma subsets toward more appropriate therapeutic approaches.
Biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis, fibrogenesis and genetic pre‐disposition pending between fiction and reality
Authors: Gressner O.A. , Weiskirchen R. , Gressner A.M. 
Published: October 2007

Introduction
Pathways, cells and molecular mediators in liver fibrogenesis
Classification of biomarkers of fibrosis
Class I biomarkers of fibrosis
Class II fibrosis biomarkers
Genetic pre‐disposition biomarkers
Future developments

AbstractFibrosis is a frequent, life‐threatening complication of most chronic liver diseases. Despite major achievements in the understanding of its pathogenesis, the translation of this knowledge into clinical practice is still limited. In particular, non‐invasive and reliable (serum‐) biomarkers indicating the activity of fibrogenesis are scarce. Class I biomarkers are defined as serum components having a direct relation to the mechanism of fibrogenesis, either as secreted matrix‐related components of activated hepatic stellate cells and fibroblasts or as mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis or turnover. They reflect primarily the activity of the fibrogenic process. Many of them, however, proved to be disappointing with regard to sensitivity and speci‐ficity. Up to now hyaluronan turned out to be the relative best type I serum marker. Class II biomarkers comprise in general rather simple standard laboratory tests, which are grouped into panels. They fulfil most criteria for detection and staging of fibrosis and to a lesser extent grading of fibrogenic activity. More than 20 scores are currently available, among which Fibrotest™ is the most popular one. However, the diagnostic use of many of these scores is still limited and standardization of the assays is only partially realized. Combining of panel markers in sequential algorithms might increase their diagnostic validity. The translation of genetic pre‐disposition biomarkers into clinical practice has not yet started, but some polymorphisms indicate a link to progression and outcome of fibrogenesis. Parallel to serum markers non‐invasive physical techniques, for example, transient elastography, are developed, which can be combined with serum tests and profiling of serum proteins and glycans.
Expression and sub‐cellular localization of human ABH family molecules
Authors: Tsujikawa Kazutake , Koike Kazuhisa , Kitae Kaori , Shinkawa Aina , Arima Hiroshi , Suzuki Takashi , Tsuchiya Mutsumi , Makino Yasutaka , Furukawa Tatsuhiko , Konishi Noboru , Yamamoto Hiroshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAlkB is an Escherichia coli protein that catalyses the oxidative demethylation of 1‐methyladenine and 3‐methylcytosine in DNA and RNA. The enzyme activity of AlkB is dependent on a 2‐oxoglutarate‐ and Fe(II)‐dependent (2OG‐Fe[II]) oxygenase domain. Human AlkB homologues (hABH), hABH1, hABH2 and hABH3, which also possess the 2OG‐Fe(II) oxygenase domain, have previously been identified. Recent bioinformatics analysis suggests the existence of an additional five ABH genes in humans. In this study, we identified the hABH4–hABH7 mRNAs and determined their expression in human tissues. Moreover, an hABH2 splice variant lacking the 2OG‐Fe(II) oxygenase domain and a new gene, hABH8, were cloned from testis cDNA. hABH8 possesses not only the 2OG‐Fe(II) oxygenase domain but both an RNA‐binding motif and a methyl‐transferase domain. mRNA of the eight hABH molecules was detected in the 16 normal human tissues examined. The sub‐cellular localization of EmGFP‐hABH8 was restricted to the cytoplasm. EmGFP‐hABH1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 were localized in both the cytoplasm and nuclei. Interestingly, the EmGFP‐hABH2 splice variant localized in nucleoplasm with a dot‐like pattern. In some HeLa cells transfected with EmGFP‐hABH5, dot‐like fluorescence was also detected in the cytoplasm. These observations provide important information for the future annotation of the hABH family of molecules.
Plasma protein carbonyl levels and breast cancer risk
Authors: Rossner Pavel , Terry Mary Beth , Gammon Marilie D. , Agrawal Meenakshi , Zhang Fang Fang , Ferris Jennifer S. , Teitelbaum Susan L. , Eng Sybil M. , Gaudet Mia M. , Neugut Alfred I. , Santella Regina M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractTo study the role of oxidative stress in breast cancer risk, we analysed plasma levels of protein carbonyls in 1050 cases and 1107 controls. We found a statistically significant trend in breast cancer risk in relation to increasing quartiles of plasma protein carbonyl levels (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 0.9–1.5; OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2–2.0; OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2–2.1, for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile relative to the lowest quartile, respectively, P for trend = 0.0001). The increase in risk was similar for younger (<50 years) and older women, more pronounced among women with higher physical activity levels (0.7 hrs/week for 4th quartile versus lowest quartile OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.4–3.0), higher alcohol consumption (≥15 grams/day for 4th quartile versus lowest quartile OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.1–4.7), and hormone replacement therapy use (HRT, OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.6–4.4 for 4th quartile versus lowest quartile). The multiplicative interaction terms were statistically significant only for physical activity and HRT. The positive association between plasma protein carbonyl levels and breast cancer risk was also observed when the analysis was restricted to women who had not received chemotherapy or radiation therapy prior to blood collection. Among controls, oxidized protein levels significantly increased with cigarette smoking and higher fruit and vegetable consumption, and decreased with alcohol consumption >30 grams per day. Women with higher levels of plasma protein carbonyl and urinary 15F2t‐isoprostane had an 80% increase in breast cancer risk (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2–2.6) compared to women with levels below the median for both markers of oxidative stress. In summary, our results suggest that increased plasma protein carbonyl levels may be associated with breast cancer risk.
Stem cell differentiation and expansion for clinical applications of tissue engineering
Authors: Guillot Pascale V. , Cui Wei , Fisk Nicholas M. , Polak Dame Julia 
Published: October 2007

Introduction
The essentials of tissue engineering
Conclusions

AbstractThis invited review discusses the latest advances stem cell biology, tissue engineering and the transition from bench to bedside. An overview is presented as to which the best cell source might be for cell therapy and tissue engineering applications, best biomaterials currently available and the challenges the field faces to translate basic research into therapies for a large number of human diseases.
Paracrine effects of transplanted myoblasts and relaxin on post‐infarction heart remodelling
Authors: Formigli Lucia , Perna Avio‐Maria , Meacci Elisabetta , Cinci Lorenzo , Margheri Martina , Nistri Silvia , Tani Alessia , Silvertown Josh , Orlandini Giovanni , Porciani Cristina , Zecchi‐Orlandini Sandra , Medin Jeffrey , Bani Daniele 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn the post‐infarcted heart, grafting of precursor cells may partially restore heart function but the improvement is modest and the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Here, we explored this issue by transplanting C2C12 myoblasts, genetically engineered to express enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) or eGFP and the cardiotropic hormone relaxin (RLX) through coronary venous route to swine with experimental chronic myocardial infarction. The rationale was to deliver constant, biologically effective levels of RLX at the site of cell engraftment. One month after engraftment, histological analysis showed that C2C12 myoblasts selectively settled in the ischaemic scar and were located around blood vessels showing an activated endothelium (ICAM‐1‐,VCAM‐positive). C2C12 myoblasts did not trans‐differentiate towards a cardiac phenotype, but did induce extracellular matrix remodelling by the secretion of matrix metalloproteases (MMP) and increase microvessel density through the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Relaxin‐producing C2C12 myoblasts displayed greater efficacy to engraft the post‐ischaemic scar and to induce extracellular matrix re‐modelling and angiogenesis as compared with the control cells. By echocardio‐graphy, C2C12‐engrafted swine showed improved heart contractility compared with the ungrafted controls, especially those producing RLX. We suggest that the beneficial effects of myoblast grafting on cardiac function are primarily dependent on the paracrine effects of transplanted cells on extracellular matrix remodelling and vascularization. The combined treatment with myoblast transplantation and local RLX production may be helpful in preventing deleterious cardiac remodelling and may hold therapeutic possibility for post‐infarcted patients.
Overexpression of phosphorylated‐ATF2 and STAT3 in cutaneous angiosarcoma and pyogenic granuloma
Authors: Chen Si‐Yuan , Takeuchi Satoshi , Urabe Kazunori , Hayashida Sayaka , Kido Makiko , Tomoeda Hiroto , Uchi Hiroshi , Dainichi Teruki , Takahara Masakazu , Shibata Satoko , Tu Ya‐Ting , Furue Masutaka , Moroi Yoichi 
Published: October 2007

Background:  Activating transcription factor‐2/Activator protein‐1 (AP‐1), Signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 and p53 are important regulators of cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation in the pathogenesis of many human tumors, but the expression of phosphorylated (p)‐activating transcription factor‐2 (p‐ATF2), phosphorylated (p)‐signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (p‐STAT3) and p53 family (p63 and p73) has not been investigated in cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) and pyogenic granuloma (PG) so far.Objectives:  To investigate the expression of p‐ATF2, p‐STAT3 and p53 and its family in cutaneous vascular tumors (CAS and PG).Methods:  Paraffin‐embedded specimens of 14 CAS and 19 PG were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for p‐ATF2, p‐STAT3, p53, p63 and p73.Results:  P‐ATF2 was expressed in 13 out of 14 CAS and in all of 19 PG. P‐STAT3 was expressed in all of 14 CAS and 19 PG. P53 was expressed in all of 14 CAS and 19 PG, while both p63 and p73 were negative in CAS and PG. The p‐ATF2‐, p‐STAT3‐ and p53 expression (% positive cells) in CAS and PG were significantly higher than in normal dermal vessels, but none of these transcription factors distinguished malignant (CAS)‐ from benign (PG) vascular tumor.Conclusions:  The present study suggests that overexpression of p‐ATF2, p‐STAT3 and possibly p53, but not p63 or p73, may contribute to the tumorigenesis of cutaneous vascular tumors.
Background patterns and sleep‐wake cycles on amplitude‐integrated electroencephalography in preterms younger than 30 weeks gestational age with peri‐/intraventricular haemorrhage
Authors: Olischar Monika , Klebermass Katrin , Waldhoer Thomas , Pollak Arnold , Weninger Manfred 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAim: The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the influence of peri‐/intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH) grades I–IV on amplitude‐integrated electroencephalographic (aEEG) activity in preterm infants <30 weeks gestational age (GA).Methods: The aEEG tracings of the first 2 weeks of life of 56 preterm infants younger than 30 weeks GA (2 groups: group A = 23–26 weeks GA, group B = 27–29 weeks GA) born during a 4‐year period with PIVH grades I–IV were assessed for the relative duration of four background aEEG activity patterns (continuous pattern, discontinuous high‐voltage pattern, discontinuous low‐voltage pattern and nearly isoelectric pattern), the presence of seizure activity and the appearance of sleep‐wake cycles and compared to the tracings of 75 neurologically healthy preterms without PIVH.Results: Analysis of aEEG background activity showed a decrease of continuous activity whereas discontinuous activity increased in both groups with larger haemorrhages (grades III and IV) and when compared to controls. Suspected seizure activity was more common with increasing degree of bleeding in group A (50% with PIVH I or II, 75% with PIVH III or IV) and when compared to controls and was the same with increasing degree of bleeding in group B (47% with PIVH I or II, 45% with PIVH III or IV). Sleep‐wake cycles were less common with larger haemorrhages in both groups (group A: 41% with PIVH I or II, 25% with PIVH III or IV; group B: 52% with PIVH I or II, 9% with PIVH III or IV) and when compared to controls.Conclusions: The aEEG characteristics of severe PIVH consist in a combination of a more discontinuous background pattern, a lack of sleep‐wake cycles and a higher likelihood of seizure activity when compared to age‐matched controls.
Reading Symbols, and Writing words. A Model for Biblical Inspiration
Authors: Hill Robert J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBiblical Inspiration has long been considered an important concept for Catholic theology, but the difficulties experienced in trying to give an adequate and convincing explanation of how divine and the human authors could collaborate in producing Biblical texts has discouraged many writers from pursuing the topic. Some have considered that the difficulties are so great that the task of exploring a theology of Inspiration is too great to make the effort worthwhile.This article, in attempting to sketch a model for Biblical Inspiration, begins by trying to identify exactly what is required for the theology of Inspiration, and then discarding what is not; it also sets out to distinguish clearly between Revelation and Inspiration, while recognising that the two are closely related, and using a model of symbolic mediation for Revelation. The article goes on to propose a model of Inspiration which satisfies not only the demands of contemporary Biblical scholarship and philosophical hermeneutics, but also the requirements of the doctrine of Inspiration as found in the Magisterial documents of the Catholic Church.
Creation stricto sensu
Authors: Theron Stephen 
Published: October 2007

AbstractInformed study of Aquinas suggests that absolute idealism and realism do not differ about the relation of created and uncreated freedom (praemotio physica) but rather, if at all, about created vis à vis uncreated being generally. Both cannot be in the same sense. Nor, therefore, have we grounds for distinguishing divine or infinite thinking from real production, if nothing else really is. The Thomist doctrine that God has no real relation to anything outside God is thus, implicitly, absolute idealism. Positing “ontological discontinuity” denies the absolutely infinite transcendence in affirming it. We have no being as God, uniquely, has. This is the meaning of “image”, while “face to face” is ultimately one face (intimior me mihi). Seeing and being are one. Thus Hegel should be seen as rather explicating than reducing creation, thus deepening the doctrine and not offering an alternative. R. Gildas merely assumes the latter. Infinity requires union with “alterity”within God and intra-Trinitarian and ad extra processes are thus analogous. So self-renouncement as explaining either creation (originating an origin) or incarnation (kenosis) is anthropomorphic paradox. God has to be “all in all”.
Side Effects of Pharmacotherapy on Bone with Long-Acting Gonadorelin Agonist Triptorelin for Paraphilia
Authors: Hoogeveen John , Van der Veer Eveline 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There have been limited research studies concerning the use of libido inhibitors for the treatment of patients with a paraphilia. Observational studies suggest that agents that lower testosterone are an effective treatment for paraphilia.

Aim
We report a case of hormonal treatment of paraphilia that was associated with side effects.

Method
A 35-year-old man with a paraphilia was treated with long-acting gonadorelin.

Results
The desired result was reduced preoccupation with sexuality, but there were various side effects including a serious amount of bone loss.

Conclusion
We believe that more attention should be given to the adverse effects of long-term treatment with triptorelin. In our view the drug regime needs to be revised.