bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraluminal vesicle trafficking is involved in the secretion of base excision repair protein APE1
Authors: Parolini Isabella , Degrassi Monica , Spadaro Francesca , Caponnetto Federica , Fecchi Katia , Mastantuono Serena , Zhouyiyuan Xue , Demple Bruce , Cesselli Daniela , Tell Gianluca 
Published: February 2024

The apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1) is an essential enzyme of the base excision repair pathway of non‐distorting DNA lesions. In response to genotoxic treatments, APE1 is highly secreted (sAPE1) in association with small‐extracellular vesicles (EVs). Interestingly, its presence in the serum of patients with hepatocellular or non‐small‐cell‐lung cancers may represent a prognostic biomarker. The mechanism driving APE1 to associate with EVs is unknown, but is of paramount importance in better understanding the biological roles of sAPE1. Because APE1 lacks an endoplasmic reticulum‐targeting signal peptide, it can be secreted through an unconventional protein secretion endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi‐independent pathway, which includes an endosome‐based secretion of intraluminal vesicles, mediated by multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Using HeLa and A549 cell lines, we investigated the role of endosomal sorting complex required for transport protein pathways (either‐dependent or ‐independent) in the constitutive or trichostatin A‐induced secretion of sAPE1, by means of manumycin A and GW 4869 treatments. Through an in‐depth biochemical analysis of late‐endosomes (LEs) and early‐endosomes (EEs), we observed that the distribution of APE1 on density gradient corresponded to that of LE–CD63, LE–Rab7, EE–EEA1 and EE–Rab 5. Interestingly, the secretion of sAPE1, induced by cisplatin genotoxic stress, involved an autophagy‐based unconventional secretion requiring MVBs. The present study enlightens the central role played by MVBs in the secretion of sAPE1 under various stimuli, and offers new perspectives in understanding the biological relevance of sAPE1 in cancer cells.
Climate‐limited vegetation change in the conterminous United States of America
Authors: Parra Adriana , Greenberg Jonathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effects of climate change on vegetation composition and distribution are evident in different ecosystems around the world. Although some climate‐derived alterations on vegetation are expected to result in changes in lifeform fractional cover, disentangling the direct effects of climate change from different non‐climate factors, such as land‐use change, is challenging. By applying “Liebig's law of the minimum” in a geospatial context, we determined the climate‐limited potential for tree, shrub, herbaceous, and non‐vegetation fractional cover change for the conterminous United States and compared these potential rates to observed change rates for the period 1986 to 2018. We found that 10% of the land area of the conterminous United States appears to have climate limitations on the change in fractional cover, with a high proportion of these sites located in arid and semiarid ecosystems in the Southwest part of the country. The rates of change in lifeform fractional cover for the remaining area of the country are likely limited by non‐climate factors such as the disturbance regime, land management, land‐use history, soil conditions, and species interactions and adaptations.
The past, present, and future of underwater spaces: From tourist experiences to the possibility of habitation
Authors: Vannini Phillip 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews contemporary geography literature pertaining to the development and experience of underwater spaces. Examining the underwater world as a space of practices, experiences, and visions that are both phenomenologically and geopolitically rich, the review covers research studies from human geography and cognate fields concentrating on the tourism and travel literature. After a brief overview of the many activities taking place underwater worldwide—from the evolution of the mythical Atlantis to the development of modern‐day Atlantis such as underwater hotels—the paper focuses studies in three areas: the consumption of cultural and natural heritage, Self‐contained underwater breathing apparatus diving and divers' experiences, and the possibility of human inhabitation of underwater realms in habitats such as underwater hotels and submarine research sites. It is argued that by becoming more familiar with underwater spaces, geographers who concentrate on tourism and marine environments can gain new perspectives that are likely to challenge the terrestrial imagination.
Association of decreased frequency of conversation with depression, oral function and eating alone: A cross‐sectional study of older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ishimoto Yasuko , Kimura Yumi , Wada Taizo , Hirayama Kiichi , Kato Emiko , Tatsuno Mai , Fujisawa Michiko , Kasahara Yoriko , Nakatsuka Masahiro , Nose Mitsuhiro , Iwasaki Masanori , Kakuta Satoko , Hirosaki Mayumi , Okumiya Kiyohito , Matsubayashi Kozo , Sakamoto Ryota 
Published: February 2024

AimThis study examined the associations between geriatric factors and decreased opportunities for conversation among older adults amid a period of self‐restraint during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based survey was carried out in October 2020. The participants were 204 residents aged ≥65 years staying at a private care home in Kyoto city, Japan. Logistic regression analysis was carried out with the reduction of conversation opportunities as the dependent variable, and geriatric factors as independent variables after adjusting for age and sex. We compared the decreased frequency of opportunities between residents in the assisted living wing and in the nursing care wing of the private care home.ResultsThe percentages of respondents who reported a decrease in the opportunities for conversation among themselves were 43.9% for residents in the assisted living wing and 19.7% for those in the nursing care wing. After adjusting for age and sex, the opportunities for conversation was significantly associated with the basic activities of daily living (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.12), instrumental self‐maintenance (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08–1.46), intellectual activity (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09–1.66), depression (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04–1.23), depressive mood (OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.98–7.42), decreased motivation (OR 3.11, 95% CI 1.58–6.12), appetite loss (OR 4.32, 95% CI 1.54–12.07), swallowing function (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00–1.10), chewing difficulty (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.31–4.75) and eating alone (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.35–4.62).ConclusionDecreased opportunities for conversation was more perceived among older adults with higher daily functioning, suggesting that it is associated with depressed mood, oral function and solitary eating. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 385–391.
Patient readiness for shared decision making about treatment: Conceptualisation and development of the ReadySDM
Authors: Keij Sascha M. , Stiggelbout Anne M. , Pieterse Arwen H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionShared decision making (SDM) requires an active role of both clinicians and patients. We aimed to conceptualise patient readiness for SDM about treatment, and to develop a patient questionnaire to assess readiness.MethodsWe used the results of a scoping review and a qualitative study to inform the patient readiness construct. We conducted five additional rounds of data collection to finalise the construct definition and develop the Patient Readiness for SDM Questionnaire (ReadySDM) in an oncological setting: (1) longitudinal interviews with patients with cancer during and after a treatment decision‐making process; (2) a pilot study among experts, clinicians, and patients for feedback on the concept and items; (3) a field test among (former) patients with cancer to test item format and content validity, and to reduce the number of items; (4) cognitive interviews with people with low literacy to test the comprehensibility of the questionnaire; and (5) a field test among (former) patients who faced a cancer treatment decision in the last year, to test the content validity of the final version of the questionnaire.ResultsA total of 251 people participated in the various rounds of data collection. We identified eight elements of patient readiness for SDM about treatment: (1) understanding of and attitude towards SDM; (2) information skills; (3) skills in communicating and claiming space; (4) self‐awareness; (5) consideration skills; (6) self‐efficacy; (7) emotional distress; and (8) experienced time. We developed the 20‐item ReadySDM to retrospectively measure these elements in an oncological setting.ConclusionWe conducted a thorough procedure to conceptualise patient readiness and to develop the ReadySDM. The questionnaire aims to provide novel insights into ways to enhance SDM in daily practice.Patient or Public ContributionMultiple people with lived experience were involved in various phases of the study. They were asked for input on the study design, the conceptualisation of readiness, and the development of the questionnaire.
Co‐production and adaptation of a prison‐based problem‐solving workbook to support the mental health of patients housed within a medium‐ and low‐secure forensic service
Authors: Perry Amanda E. , Baker Heather , Aboaja Anne , Wilson Lindsey , Morris Sarah ,   Patient Public Involved Service User
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionProblem‐solving skills (PSS) help to provide a systematic approach to dealing with and managing complex problems. The overall aim of this study was to assess the acceptability and feasibility of developing and adapting a prison‐based PSS workbook for adults within a medium‐ and low‐secure hospital.MethodWe used the Medical Research Council framework in our participatory mixed methods study incorporating an adapted survey (to identify what types of problems people experience in secure hospitals), a series of three interactive workshops (to co‐produce two case study examples for a workbook) and we gathered feedback from patients and hospital staff on the acceptability and feasibility of the workbook. Data from the survey were used to inform the case study examples, and the feedback from patients and hospital staff was descriptively summarised and the results consolidated.ResultsIn total, 82 (51%) patients took part in the survey; 22 patients and 49 hospital staff provided feedback on the workbook. The survey results indicated that patients regularly experience problems while in the hospital. Patients reported problems relating to restrictions of freedom and boredom. The workshops produced two case studies for the workbooks, with mainly positive patient and staff feedback. More work is required to improve the visual representation of the characters in the case studies, the amount and content of the language and the mechanism of the intervention delivery.ConclusionThe adaptation process proved acceptable and feasible to both patients and staff. The co‐production methodology for the workbook and feedback from patients and staff was an effective way of iteratively refining the materials to ensure that they were both meaningful and acceptable to staff and patients. Subsequent work is required to develop the workbook and evaluate the feasibility of the intervention delivery, recruitment rates, uptake and adherence to the PSS using a randomised controlled trial.Patient or Public ContributionAt each stage of the project consultation with patients and/or hospital staff was involved.
Effects of graphene content in alkaline silicate electrolyte on AA1060 pure aluminum micro‐arc oxidation coating
Authors: Li Da‐long , Jing Xin , Chen Han , Sun Kun , Chen Wei , Huang Hua‐gui , Ren Wei‐jie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCeramic coatings were obtained by micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) on the surface of AA1060 pure aluminum in alkaline silicate electrolyte with the addition of graphene. The effects of graphene contents in the range of 0–.30 g/L in the electrolyte on surface morphology, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of the ceramic coatings were investigated. The outer surface structure, outer surface element content, coating cross‐section structure, coating cross‐section element content, coating/substrate interface structure, and coating phase were characterized by scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to evaluate the corrosion behavior of MAO samples in a 3.5‐wt% NaCl solution. In addition, the resistance to sliding and abrasive wear of the oxide coating were studied experimentally. The results show that the alkaline silicate electrolyte with the addition of graphene has a significant effect on the characteristics of MAO coating. The performance of micro‐arc oxide coatings is best when the graphene content in the electrolyte is .15 g/L, the average thickness of the film is 7.24 μm, the average pore size is 6.07 μm, the impedance value is approximately 4.01 × 106 Ω, and its friction coefficient is .55.
Sexuality in penile cancer survivors: A rarely discussed problem in uro‐oncology
Authors: Mosquera Angulo Hilary , Nieva‐Posso Daniel Andrés , García‐Perdomo Herney Andrés 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSexuality in cancer patients is a complex area. It is estimated that 81% of patients with urological cancer develop problems in their sexual functionality, even from the moment of diagnosis and aggravated during treatment due to direct injury to the genitalia. Currently, there are few avenues of care within the field of urology that address sexual health and quality of sexual life in penile cancer survivors, which causes many of them to lose self‐esteem and have problems with their partners. To review the literature on what are the consequences on the sexual life of penile cancer survivors in terms of their performance, including risk factors associated with penile cancer and what are the alternatives they must recover their sexual life. Most penile cancer survivors develop alterations in sexual performance and functionality, such as loss of sexual interest, dysfunctional ejaculation, and loss of orgasm, increasing the risk of depression and anxiety. Sex therapy is presented as an alternative to improve the quality of life of these patients, proposing sexuality as something more than genitalia and helping to lead a better life. Sex therapy is an alternative and should be contemplated in the therapeutic plan of patients with urological cancer, especially penile cancer, since sexuality is part of an individual's life, and its loss affects the quality of life.
Quality of life and influencing factors in older adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Wang Chen‐ke , Zhang Jin‐hua , Gao Yang , Meng Xin‐yu , Zhang Hong‐xia , Luo Huan‐huan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of life (QoL) and self‐efficacy in older adults with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as the factors affecting their QoL. Previous research has shown that self‐efficacy is one of the factors affecting the QoL of individuals. Diminished self‐efficacy can impair cognitive and behavioural function, while heightened self‐efficacy can drive changes in treatment acceptance behaviour and, subsequently, physical and mental health. Although past research has investigated QoL among patients with BPH, no known studies have investigated the impact of self‐efficacy on QoL, specifically among the Chinese aged population who may have a different disease status. The study followed a cross‐sectional design and included 372 older adults with BPH. The Chinese version of the Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia QoL Scale (BPH‐QLS), the Chinese version of the Self‐rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP) and General Survey Questionnaire were used. One‐way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis were employed to identify factors influencing QoL and evaluate the relationship between self‐efficacy and QoL. The results indicated a positive correlation between QoL and self‐efficacy. Educational level, sexual intercourse, disease duration, marital status, monthly family income and self‐efficacy were identified as factors influencing QoL in older adults with BPH. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that self‐efficacy for health responsibility had the most significant impact on QoL scores. To enhance QoL in older adults with BPH, active measures are needed. Future studies should focus on intervention programmes that target self‐efficacy, which is a modifiable factor with significant potential for improvement.
Occuper un emploi sans être en plein emploi: comment mesurer la sous‐utilisation de la main‐d’œuvre? Le cas indien
Authors: MATHEW Shalina Susan 
Published: February 2024

RésuméDes réactions ambiguës et paradoxales, procycliques mais aussi contracycliques, ont été observées sur le marché du travail dans différents pays après un ralentissement économique. En l'absence de dispositifs de protection sociale adaptés, comme une assurance‐chômage, un taux d'emploi contracyclique pourrait être le signe de difficultés plutôt que de possibilités d'emploi productif. Confrontant les données sur l'emploi et le chômage aux recommandations de la 19e Conférence internationale des statisticiens du travail sur la sous‐utilisation de la main‐d’œuvre, l'autrice critique les statistiques du sous‐emploi en Inde et appelle à actualiser les méthodes de collecte de données pour mieux éclairer l'action publique dans le domaine de l'emploi.
Ocupados insatisfechos. Subutilización de la fuerza de trabajo en la India
Authors: MATHEW Shalina Susan 
Published: February 2024

ResumenLas respuestas del mercado de trabajo en anteriores recesiones económicas han sido contradictorias y paradójicas, con reacciones procíclicas y anticíclicas según los países. A falta de redes de protección social, como el seguro de desempleo, las tasas de ocupación anticíclicas pueden evidenciar dificultades económicas, más que oportunidades de ocupación productiva. Tras cotejar los datos de ocupación‐desocupación de los hogares de la India con las recomendaciones de la 19.a Conferencia Internacional de Estadísticos del Trabajo sobre la subutilización de la fuerza de trabajo, en este artículo se critican las deficiencias y se aboga por revisar los métodos de recopilación de datos para fundamentar mejor las políticas del mercado laboral.
Clinical practice guidelines: Their utility, dissemination and monitoring at Colonial War Memorial Hospital: A mixed methods study from Fiji
Authors: Krishna Ashnita A. , Kado Sinead , Dubey Alok , Grant Cameron , Kado Joseph 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) improve patient care by standardising medical practice. However, little is known about their applicability in low‐resource settings. Since 2010, Fiji has introduced guidelines to increase the application of evidence‐based practice.AimsWe describe the dissemination, utility and monitoring of guideline implementation in Fiji, a low‐resource setting in the Pacific.MethodsA mixed‐methods design included a survey and focus groups. All 178 doctors in five departments at Fiji's largest tertiary hospital were invited to participate. Subsequently, two focus group interviews explored clinicians' perspectives in more detail. Analysis included data description, multi‐variable logistic, multinomial regression and manifest content analyses.ResultsThe response rate was 74%. Most doctors agreed that CPGs were good for patient management (100%), doctors continuing medical education (CME) (96%), patient education (73%), supported by systematic reviews (91%) and consistent with existing norms/values (83%). Ninety‐five per cent stated that CPGs increased the quality of care, and 80% stated that CPGs increased physician satisfaction. Approximately two‐thirds stated that CPGs decreased medical‐legal problems (63%) and malpractice suits (68%). Sixty to 90% of doctors disagreed that CPGs were oversimplified/cookbook medicine (60%), too rigid to apply individually (65%), challenged physician autonomy (60%) or were ambiguous/unclear (86%) or not practical (89%). The preferred method of dissemination was CME, and quick reference guides were best for implementation. No formal CPG monitoring existed in any department.ConclusionMost physicians found CPGs to be valuable for improving the consistency of care. In low‐resource settings, dissemination of guidelines should be paired with CME to improve their uptake. Increased monitoring of guideline use appears necessary.
‘A ward full of emotional, aggressive people’: Social climate and interpersonal relationships in forensic settings caring for patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Rodwell Devon , Frith Hannah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTherapeutic relationships play a central role in maintaining a positive social climate in forensic settings. The interpersonal difficulties characteristic of Borderline Personality Disorder, alongside the secure environment of forensic wards, can make developing positive therapeutic relationships with this patient group challenging. Qualitative interviews aimed to explore how ward staff understand and experience the interaction of interpersonal relationships and social climate when caring for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder on forensic wards. Interviews with 11 staff members working across UK forensic inpatient settings were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis and reported following COREQ guidelines. Six interrelated themes were generated; three describe relational cycles that occur between ward staff and patients with Borderline Personality Disorder and three describe systemic factors that influence the context in which ward staff operate. From these themes, an integrative model was developed to summarise how factors in the wider forensic system and the interpersonal relationships between staff and patients with Borderline Personality Disorder in forensic wards influence one another, affecting staff experiences of the social climate of forensic settings. The model illustrates how complex cycles within the therapeutic relationships with staff and patients with Borderline Personality Disorder can interact with systemic influences in the wider forensic context to influence staff experiences of forensic settings. Clinical implications of the model are discussed, offering recommendations for improving therapeutic relationships and the social climate on forensic wards caring for patients with Borderline Personality Disorder, to better support staff and patient wellbeing.