bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac lymphoma and pericardial effusion in dogs: 12 cases (1994–2004)
Authors: MacGregor John M. , Faria Maria L. E. , Moore Antony S. , Tobias Anthony H. , Brown Donald J. , de Morais Helio S. A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical characteristics and clinicopathologic findings, including results of pericardial fluid analysis, and determine the outcome associated with pericardial effusion caused by cardiac lymphoma in dogs.Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—12 dogs.Procedure—Medical records of affected dogs were reviewed for echocardiographic findings, radiographic findings, results of pericardial fluid analysis, clinicopathologic findings, treatment protocols, and outcomes.Results—Pericardial effusion was detected by echocardiography in all 12 dogs, and lymphoma was detected by cytologic examination of the effusion (11/12 dogs) or histologic examination of pericardium (3/12). Large-breed dogs were overrepresented; median weight was 40.5 kg (89.1 lb). Most hematologic and biochemical changes were mild and nonspecific. Survival time for dogs treated with combination chemotherapeutic agents was 157 days and for dogs that did not receive chemotherapy survival time was 22 days. This difference was not significant, but several dogs had long-term survival.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cardiac lymphoma is an uncommon cause of pericardial effusion, and results suggest that cardiac lymphoma does not always warrant the poor prognosis of other stage V, substage b lymphomas. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 227:1449–1453)
Prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in dogs with paraplegia caused by thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion: 77 cases (2000–2003)
Authors: Ito Daisuke , Matsunaga Satoru , Jeffery Nick D. , Sasaki Nobuo , Nishimura Ryohei , Mochizuki Manabu , Kasahara Mihoko , Fujiwara Reina , Ogawa Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine whether magnetic resonance
imaging findings in dogs with paraplegia
caused by thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion
were predictive of clinical outcome.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—77 dogs.

Procedure—Medical records and magnetic resonance
images were reviewed; clinical outcome was
classified as successful (regained ability to walk with
no more than mild neurologic deficits) or unsuccessful
(severe neurologic deficits persisted). The prognostic
value of magnetic resonance imaging was
compared with prognostic value of deep pain perception,
duration of clinical signs, and rate of onset of
clinical signs.

Result—33 (43%) dogs had areas of hyperintensity of
the spinal cord greater than or equal to the length of
the L2 vertebral body on T2-weighted magnetic resonance
images. All 44 dogs without areas of hyperintensity
on T2-weighted images had a successful outcome,
but only 18 of the 33 (55%) dogs with an area
of hyperintensity did. Only 5 of 16 dogs with an area
of hyperintensity that had also lost deep pain perception
had a successful outcome. The odds ratio for an
unsuccessful outcome for a dog with an area of
hyperintensity (29.87) was higher than the odds ratio
for a dog that had lost deep pain perception (5.24).
Duration and rate of onset of clinical signs were not
associated with clinical outcome.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Findings suggest
that results of magnetic resonance imaging can
be used to predict clinical outcome in dogs with paraplegia
caused by intervertebral disk extrusion. (J Am
Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:1454–1460)
Ultrasonographic assessment of change in abomasal position during the last three months of gestation and first three months of lactation in Holstein-Friesian cows
Authors: Wittek Thomas , Constable Peter D. , Morin Dawn E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine changes in abomasal position and dimensions during the last 3 months of gestation and first 3 months of lactation via transabdominal ultrasonography and determine whether surgical correction of left-displaced abomasum (LDA) by right flank omentopexy alters abomasal position within the abdomen in Holstein-Friesian cows.Design—Observational study.Animals—20 heifers and 20 cows with no history of an LDA and 7 cows that had been treated for LDA via right flank omentopexy during an earlier lactation.Procedure—Ultrasonographic measurements were obtained 8 times during the last 3 months of gestation and first 3 months of lactation. Abomasal length, width, and volume were calculated from these measurements.Results—The abomasum was always wider than it was long and located predominantly to the right of the midline. The presence of a right flank omentopexy had no effect on the measured parameters. Abomasal length decreased and width increased during the last 3 months of gestation, resulting in a more transverse orientation of the abomasum within the abdomen. These changes appeared to be in response to cranial expansion of the gravid uterus. The abomasum returned to a more caudal and right sagittal position within 14 days after parturition.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Abomasal dimensions, position, and volume change markedly during the last 3 months of gestation and first 3 months of lactation. Results permit detection of abnormal abomasal position in ill cows and indicate that the preferred location for abomasopexy is 20 cm caudal to the xiphoid process and 5 to 10 cm to the right of the ventral midline. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1469–1475)
Estimate of the annual economic impact of treatment of cranial cruciate ligament injury in dogs in the United States
Authors: Wilke Vicki L. , Robinson Duane A. , Evans Rich B. , Rothschild Max F. , Conzemius Michael G. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To estimate the economic impact to veterinary clients for the medical and surgical treatment of rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RCCL) in dogs for the year 2003.Design—Economic impact survey.Sample Population—501 diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) indicating that their area of surgical emphasis was small animal orthopedic surgery or small animal general and orthopedic surgery and 4,000 veterinarians indicating to the AVMA that their professional area was small animal practice exclusive or mixed animal practice (at least 80% small animal).Procedure—Veterinarians were surveyed concerning the cost for medical and surgical treatment of RCCL for 2003. The economic impact was calculated by multiplying the number of RCCL surgeries performed by the mean cost of surgery. This was added to the number of RCCL cases managed medically multiplied by the mean cost of medical management. This estimate for survey responders was extrapolated to the total number of veterinarians in the study population for the ACVS or AVMA.Results—Estimates for the total cost of surgery were $171,730,134.72 and $1,020,167,907 for veterinarians in the ACVS and AVMA populations, respectively. The cost of medical management was $2,885,687.86 and $126,558,155.16 for veterinarians in the ACVS and AVMA populations, respectively. After combining the ACVS and AVMA populations, we estimated that owners spent $1.32 billion for the treatment of RCCL in the United States in 2003.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—RCCL is a prevalent, costly injury. Results may motivate veterinary and consumer agencies to prioritize funding for a better understanding of the injury. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005; 227:1604–1607)
Correlation between hepatobiliary scintigraphy and surgery or postmortem examination findings in dogs and cats with extrahepatic biliary obstruction, partial obstruction, or patency of the biliary system: 18 cases (1995–2004)
Authors: Head Laurie L. , Daniel Gregory B. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the usefulness of serum biochemical variables and scintigraphic study results for differentiating between dogs and cats with complete extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EHO) and those with partial EHO or patent bile ducts.Study Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—17 dogs and 1 cat.Procedure—Animals that underwent hepatobiliary scintigraphy and had either surgical or postmortem confirmation of the degree of bile duct patency were included. Scintigraphic images were evaluated and biliary tracts were classified as patent, partially obstructed but patent, or obstructed. Surgery or postmortem examination was considered the gold standard for diagnosis, and compared with those findings, sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphy were calculated.Results—With absence of radioactivity in the intestinal tract as the diagnostic criterion for EHO, the sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphic diagnosis were both 83% when final images were acquired at 19 to 24 hours, compared with 100% and 33%, respectively, when 180 minutes was used as the cutoff time. Animals with partial biliary obstruction had less intestinal radioactivity that arrived later than that observed in animals with patent biliary tracts.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Animals in which intestinal radioactivity has not been observed after the standard 3 to 4 hours should undergo additional scintigraphic imaging. Findings in animals with partial biliary obstruction include delayed arrival of radioactivity and less radioactivity in the intestine. Distinguishing between complete and partial biliary tract obstruction is important because animals with partial obstruction may respond favorably to medical management and should not be given an erroneous diagnosis of complete obstruction. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1618–1624)
Prognostic factors associated with survival two years after surgery in dogs with malignant mammary tumors: 79 cases (1998–2002)
Authors: Chang Shih-Chieh , Chang Chao-Chin , Chang Tien-Jye , Wong Min-Liang 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify prognostic factors for female dogs that have undergone surgical removal of malignant mammary tumors.Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—79 female dogs with malignant mammary tumors.Procedure—Information obtained from the medical records included breed, age, sex, tumor size (maximum diameter), number and location of affected mammary glands, time between tumor identification and surgical removal, radiographic evidence of distant metastasis, surgical procedure, ovariohysterectomy (OHE) status, histologic classification of the tumor, and survival time.Results—Results of univariate analyses indicated that clinical stage, tumor size, OHE status, metastasis to adjacent lymph nodes or distant sites, and histologic classification of the tumor were significantly associated with survival 2 years after surgery. Tumors ≥ 5 cm in diameter and tumors that had been identified > 6 months before surgery were more likely to metastasize to adjacent lymph nodes. Ovariohysterectomy was more beneficial in dogs with complex carcinomas than in dogs with simple carcinomas. In multivariate analyses, clinical stage, tumor size, and OHE status were significantly associated with survival 2 years after surgery.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that tumor stage, tumor size, and OHE status were significant prognostic factors associated with survival 2 years after surgery in dogs with malignant mammary tumors. Further, either dogs with tumors ≥ 5 cm in diameter or dogs with tumors present for > 6 months prior to surgery had a higher risk of having lymph node metastases. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1625–1629)
Use of color Doppler echocardiography to assess the development of valvular regurgitation in Standardbred trotters
Authors: Buhl Rikke , Ersbøll Annette K. , Eriksen Lis , Koch Jørgen 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the incidence and development of valvular regurgitation and its effect on racing performance in Standardbred trotters from 2 to 3.5 years of age.Design—Longitudinal observational study.Animals—103 horses.Procedure—Horses were examined via echocardiographic imaging 4 times at 6-month intervals. Twodimensional and M-mode echocardiographic examinations were performed in each horse, and color Doppler imaging was used to detect and evaluate regurgitant blood flow at each valve.Results—For all cardiac valves, the frequency of valvular regurgitation increased significantly during the 18-month study period. Regurgitation was mild in all valves in which it was detected, and no progression in severity was observed at any valve. Tricuspid regurgitation was more prevalent in horses that raced regularly and was diagnosed more frequently in males and horses with larger left ventricular mass and left ventricular internal diameter during diastole. No relationship between racing performance and valvular regurgitation was observed.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The incidence of valvular regurgitation increased during the study period, and it was common at 3.5 years of age. It was not possible to determine whether the increase was a result of maturity or training. The study revealed that there is a high prevalence of mild valvular regurgitation at this age, but apparently, the regurgitation had no effect on racing performance in this age group. Whether regurgitation will progress or influence future performance is not known. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1630–1635)
Evaluation of five commercially available assays and measurement of serum total protein concentration via refractometry for the diagnosis of failure of passive transfer of immunity in foals
Authors: Davis Rachel , Giguère Steeve 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine and compare sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and predictive values of measurement of serum total protein concentration by refractometry as well as 5 commercially available kits for the diagnosis of failure of passive transfer (FPT) of immunity in foals.Design—Prospective study.Animals—65 foals with various medical problems and 35 clinically normal foals.Procedure—IgG concentration in serum was assessed by use of zinc sulfate turbidity (assay C), glutaraldehyde coagulation (assay D), 2 semiquantitative immunoassays (assays F and G), and a quantitative immunoassay (assay H). Serum total protein concentration was assessed by refractometry. Radial immunodiffusion (assays A and B) was used as the reference method.Results—For detection of IgG < 400 mg/dL, sensitivity of assay H (100%) was not significantly different from that of assays C, E, and G (88.9%). Specificity of assays H (96.0%) and G (95.8%) was significantly higher than that of assays C (79.4%) and E (78.1%). For detection of IgG < 800 mg/dL, sensitivities of assays H (97.6%), D (92.9%), C (81.0%), and G (81.0%) were significantly higher than that of assay F (52.4%). Specificity of assays F (100%), G (94.7%), and H (82.8%) was significantly higher than that of assays C (56.9%) and D (58.6%). Serum total protein concentration ≤ 4.5 g/dL was suggestive of FPT, whereas values ≥ 6.0 g/dL indicated adequate IgG concentrations.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Most assays were adequate as initial screening tests. However, their use as a definitive test would result in unnecessary treatment of foals with adequate IgG concentrations. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1640–1645)
Evaluation of a behavioral assessment questionnaire for use in the characterization of behavioral problems of dogs relinquished to animal shelters
Authors: Segurson Sheila A. , Serpell James A. , Hart Benjamin L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate a behavioral intake questionnaire in animal shelters for the presence of biased results and assess its use in the characterization of behavioral problems of dogs relinquished to shelters.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—54 dogs being relinquished to a shelter and 784 dogs belonging to veterinary clients.Procedure—Owners who were relinquishing their dogs and agreed to complete the behavioral questionnaire were alternately assigned to 1 of 2 groups; participants were aware that information provided would be confidential or nonconfidential (ie, likely used for adoption purposes). Data from confidential and nonconfidential information groups were compared, and the former were compared with data (collected via the questionnaire) regarding a population of client-owned dogs.Results—Analyses revealed significant differences in 2 areas of reported problem behavior between the confidential and nonconfidential information groups: owner-directed aggression and stranger-directed fear. Compared with client-owned–group data, significantly more relinquished shelter dogs in the confidential information group were reported to have ownerdirected aggression, stranger-directed aggression, dog-directed aggression or fear, stranger-directed fear, nonsocial fear, and separation-related behaviors.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Among persons relinquishing dogs to a shelter, those who believed questionnaire responses were confidential reported owner-directed aggression and fear of strangers in their pets more frequently than relinquishers who believed responses were nonconfidential. Confidentiality had no apparent effect on the reporting of other assessed behavioral problems. Results suggest that behavioral questionnaires may sometimes provide inaccurate information in a shelter setting, but the information may still be useful when evaluating behavior of relinquished dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1755–1761)
Serum 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone and corticosterone concentrations in dogs with nonadrenal neoplasia and dogs with suspected hyperadrenocorticism
Authors: Behrend Ellen N. , Kemppainen Robert J. , Boozer A. Lindsay , Whitley Elizabeth M. , Smith Annette N. , Busch K. Ann 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To assess serum 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) and corticosterone concentrations in dogs with nonadrenal neoplasia and dogs being screened for hyperadrenocorticism.Design—Prospective study.Animals—16 clinically normal dogs, 35 dogs with nonadrenal neoplasia, and 127 dogs with suspected hyperadrenocorticism.Procedure—ACTH stimulation tests were performed in all dogs. Baseline serum cortisol and corticosterone concentrations were measured in the healthy dogs; baseline serum cortisol concentration and ACTH-stimulated cortisol, corticosterone, and 17OHP concentrations were measured in all dogs. Endogenous plasma ACTH concentration was also measured before administration of ACTH in dogs with neoplasia.Results—In 35 dogs with neoplasia, 31.4% had high serum 17OHP concentration and 22.9% had high serum corticosterone concentration. Of the 127 dogs with suspected hyperadrenocorticism, 59 (46.5%) had high ACTH-stimulated cortisol concentrations; of those, 42 of 59 (71.2%) and 32 of 53 (60.4%) had high serum 17OHP and corticosterone concentrations, respectively. Of dogs with serum cortisol concentration within reference range after ACTH administration, 9 of 68 (13.2%) and 7 of 67 (10.4%) had high serum 17OHP and corticosterone concentrations, respectively. In the dogs with neoplasia and dogs suspected of having hyperadrenocorticism, post-ACTH serum hormone concentrations were significantly correlated.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Serum concentrations of 17OHP or corticosterone after administration of ACTH may be high in dogs with nonadrenal neoplasia and no evidence of hyperadrenocorticism. Changes in serum 17OHP or corticosterone concentrations after administration of ACTH are proportionate with changes in cortisol concentration. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1762–1767)
Analysis of the impact of trap-neuter-return programs on populations of feral cats
Authors: Foley Patrick , Foley Janet E. , Levy Julie K. , Paik Terry 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate 2 county trap-neuter-return (TNR) programs for feral cat population management via mathematical modeling.Design—Theoretical population model.Animals—Feral cats assessed from 1992 to 2003 in San Diego County, California (n = 14,452), and from 1998 to 2004 in Alachua County, Florida (11,822).Procedure—Data were analyzed with a mathematical Ricker model to describe population dynamics of the feral cats and modifications to the dynamics that occurred as a result of the TNR programs.Results—In both counties, results of analyses did not indicate a consistent reduction in per capita growth, the population multiplier, or the proportion of female cats that were pregnant.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Success of feral cat management programs that use TNR can be monitored with an easily collected set of data and statistical analyses facilitated by population modeling techniques. Results may be used to suggest possible future monitoring and modification of TNR programs, which could result in greater success controlling and reducing feral cat populations. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1775–1781)
Owner impressions of three premium diets fed to healthy adult dogs
Authors: Sanderson Sherry L. , Finco Delmar R. , Pogrelis Asa D. , Stacy Lisa M. , Unger Carrie F. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine owner impressions of 3 premium
canine diets when factors such as price and retail
source were removed; to compare body condition
scores (BCSs) assigned by owners versus a veterinarian;
and to determine consistency of owner impressions of
diets when owners were not informed that they were
feeding the same diet during 2 consecutive periods.

Design—Randomized controlled trial.

Animals—44 healthy adult dogs.

Procedure—During the initial 12 months of the study,
dogs were each fed 3 premium diets for 4 months in
random order. After feeding each diet for 1 and 4
months, owners completed questionnaires regarding
palatability of the diet; the dog's attitude, energy level,
fecal consistency, frequency of defecation, hair coat
quality, and BCS; and whether they would feed the
diet if available commercially. During the last 4
months of the study, owners fed the same diet they
had been feeding during the previous 4 months.

Results—Scores for most variables did not differ
among diets. However, mean BCS assigned by owners
was significantly lower than mean BCS assigned
by an investigator, with a moderate correlation
between scores. When asked at the end of the third
and fourth study periods whether they would consider
feeding the diet long-term, 12 of the 44 (27%) owners
gave inconsistent responses.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate
that when unaware of retail price and source,
owners have similar impressions of 3 premium diets
fed to healthy adult dogs, suggesting that factors
other than the diets themselves may affect owner
impressions. Owners also underestimate their dog's
BCS. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:1931–1936)