bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntheses of Peptides Related to the N-Terminal Structure of Corticotropin. I. Synthesis of Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met Sequence
Authors: Inouye Ken , Otsuka Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Carbobenzoxy-O-benzylseryltyrosyl-O-benzylserylmethionine methyl ester, which has the N-terminal tetrapeptide sequence of corticotropin and α-MSH, has been synthesized.
2. It has been shown that the O-benzylseryl peptide bond is very stable to an alkali treatment.
3. Syntheses of the relating serine peptide derivatives have been described.
Aggregation of Ion-exchange Resin Particles
Authors: Sen\={o} Manabu , Yamabe Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Some observations are presented on the aggregation behavior of the ion-exchange resin particles. On mixing the hydrogen-form cation-exchange resin particles with the hydro-xyl-form anion-exchange resin particles, remarkable aggregation takes place. It seems that this aggregation is due to the electrostatic attraction force exerted between resin particles. This is supported by the results that the aggregation is destroyed by addition of salts and that the agglomerates are not formed in non-polar medium in the complete absence of water. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the variation of the size ratio of particles influences markedly the aggregation behavior. A simple explanation is given for such a coagulation phenomena.
Ion-exchange Behavior of Acidic and Basic Amino Acids
Authors: Sen\={o} Manabu , Yamabe Takeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ion-exchange behavior of the acidic and the basic amino acids was described and discussed. The maximum uptake of amino acids takes place in the pH range close to the iso-electric points and the pH effect is more remarkable and more characteristic, in comparison with the case of neutral amino acids. Theoretical treatment on ion-exchange equilibria, which takes account of the dissociation equilibria of amino acids, explains well the experimental results and the selectivity coefficients were estimated herefrom.
Studies on the Silk-platinum Catalyst. I. Its Preparation and Activity
Authors: Akamatsu Akira , Izumi Yoshiharu , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. A silk-platinum chelate, which had the highest platinum content, involving both the total platinum content and the coordinated platinum, was obtained when 400 mg. of silk-fibroin was boiled with 20 ml. of a 0.75% aqueous solution of potassium tetrachloroplatinate for 14 to 20 min.
2. The most active silk-platinum catalyst was obtained when reduction of the chelate was pepeated twice in 1% acetic acid with 90 kg./cm2 of hydrogen at 160°C. The activity was much influenced by the solvent, temperature and time used for its activation.
3. The catalyst could be stored for a long period in the dry state and even showed some increase in activity during storage.
4. The most active catalyst had about two hundred and fifty times as much activity as that of a platinic oxide catalyst in the hydro-genation of nitrobenzene to aniline.
5. The characteristic structure of the carrier seems to exert some steric hindrance on the hydrogenation of highly branched aromatic nitro compounds.
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis with Tubular Reactor of 18.1 1. Catalyst Bed. II. Reactor with Temperature Gradient along Out-side Wall
Authors: Kuraishi Michio , Kurita Minoru , Hosoya Tadasuke , Ichinokawa Hideo , Ogawa Kiyoshi , Uchida Hiroshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The present experiments on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis have been made with the reactor which was placed in a bath of oil boiling under a reduced nitrogen pressure. The heat transfer efficiency referred to the out-side wall of the reactor has been improved considerably, and, as a consequence, the magnitude of the bed over-temperature remains comparatively small, in spite of the high yield of the product attaining 24∼26 kg./day. The axial and the radial temperature profiles have been separately calculated on the basis of the concentration gradient determined along the heights of the reactor: first the calculation of the former profile under the assumption of uniform temperature across the bed, and secondly that of the latter profile at a cross section in the neighborhood of which the axial temperature is approximately constant. By the convenient choice of 600 kcal./m2 hr. °C for the tube wall coefficient of heat transfer referred to the out-side wall of the present reactor, the calculated axial temperature profile is in good agreement with the experimental profile except for a small intermediate range.
Mercury Photosensitized Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide by 1849 Å (Hg*61P1)
Authors: Mori Yuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photosensitized decomposition of carbon dioxide by Hg*(61P1) and the direct photolysis by 1849 Å was investigated by the static method. The product in photosensitization was carbon monoxide and no oxygen was detected. The deficiency of oxygen in the product may be due to the formation of an oxide of mercury which was deposited on the front window of the reaction cell.
In photolysis of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxygen were produced in the ratio around 5:1. The deficiency of oxygen may be due to the wall effect and partly due to the formation of ozone.
The apparent quenching cross section was obtained by assuming a simple mechanism. The large value of the apparent quanching cross section of Hg*(61P1) is discussed from the point of view of intermolecular interaction between the excited mercury atom and carbon dioxide in the ground state.
Kinetic Studies on Solvolysis. VI. Kinetic Evidence of the Distinct Rôle of the Hydrogen Atom of Hydroxylic Solvent Molecules as an Attacking Center at the First Ionization Stage
Authors: Okamoto Kunio , Shingu Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The catalytic constants of phenols, alcohols, and several polar and non-polar molecules in acetolysis of tert-butyl bromide were measured in acetic acid-carbon tetrachloride (1:3 by vol., at 25.0°C) in the presence of sodium acetate at 70.0°C. Ortho substituted (NO2, Cl, CH3, OH) phenols gave smaller constants than those of corresponding para derivatives, and among them o-nitrophenol gave the smallest one which was comparable to that of nitrobenzene. Dihydroxylic compounds, like 1,2-cyclohexanediols, ethylene glycol, catechol and water, gave constants greater than twice those of the corresponding monohydroxylic compounds, like cyclohexanol, ethanol, phenol and methanol, respectively. It was concluded that, in view of the lack of catalytic action of intramolecularly hydrogen-bridged hydroxylic compounds, the hydrogen atom of those hydroxylic molecules was distinctly the center of attack in the first ionization stage of the solvolysis and that two adjacent hydroxyl groups in dihydric compounds sterically co-operated in this stage. On these bases, similar accelerating action of various species of associated phenol molecules was suggested and illustrated by the analysis of the data of solvolysis rates of tert-butyl bromide in phenol-carbon tetrachloride mixtures at 20.0°C. It was shown that phenol polymer species with higher association degree exhibited more effective acceleration.
Studies on Long Chain Alkyl Amides of Water-soluble Poly-α-amino Acids. I. Amphipathic Properties of Poly-Dl-alanine Dodecylamide
Authors: Isemura Toshizo , Ikeda Shoichi , Tokiwa Fumikatsu , Noguchi Junzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Poly-Dl-alanine alkyl amide has been synthesized by the polymerization of N-carboxy-Dl-alanine anhydride initiated with alkyl amine at different anhydride-initiator ratios ([A]/[I]). The amphipathic properties of poly-Dl-alanine dodecylamide (PADA) with [A]/[I] = 5 to 20 have been investigated in comparison with poly-Dl-alanine.
The degree of polymerization of poly-Dl-alanine part can be easily controlled by the initial [A]/[I] ratio. The number average degree of polymerization (x) is found to be approximately equal to [A]/[I].
The solubility of PADA in water is higher as x increases, and PADA with x&gt;17 is transparently soluble. PADA with any x value is soluble in aqueous acid solutions, the pH of which is lower than 5.5. The titration curve with an aqueous acid solution shows a break at this pH.
The infrared spectra of PADA in the solid state indicate that PADA with higher x is almost in the random conformation and the portion of the β-conformation increases as x becomes lower.
Surface tension of PADA in aqueous acid solution exhibits typical characteristics of amphipathic substances. The degree of surface tension lowering at low concentration region is the largest for PADA of x=10.
The surface film of PADA is of condensed type and the limiting area is larger as x increases. PADA with higher x becomes more spread as surface film, more Dl-alanyl residues being on the aqueous surface.
Physicochemical Properties of Dilute Aqueous Solutions of Amylose. Optical Rotatory, Viscometric and Osmometric Studies
Authors: Kuge Takashi , Ono Sôzaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Optical rotatory power, viscosity and osmotic pressure of dilute aqueous solutions of amylose have been studied. Optical rotatory dispersions of amylose and β -limit dextrin in 0.2 m potassium chloride and 0.5 m potassium hydroxide are normal and can be well expressed by a single term Drude equation. All of the λc obtained from the analysis of the dispersion curves are close to 140 mμ which may be considered as a characteristic value of glucopyranose residue. This seems to indicate that there is no well-oriented helix of amylose in the solutions. With increasing temperature, the optical rotations of amylose and β-limit dextrin decrease. Amylose, especially in a neutral aqueous solution, has an unusually great temperature coefficient of specific rotation amounting to −1.4°/°C a the largest value. Parallel with this change, the viscosities of the amylose solutions decrease with increasing temperature. These results seem to be well explained by assuming that the flexibility of amylose molecules is considerably influenced by temperature through the change of the degree of hydrogen bonding between segments of the molecules. Osmotic measurements have given evidence to prove the occurrance of the association of amylose molecules in the solution examined. The degree of the association has been found to decrease with increasing temperature. These facts indicate that hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in the properties of the dilute aqueous solution.
The molecular configuration of amylose in aqueous solutions has been discussed. It seems to be most probable that amylose molecules in the solutions take the configuration of deformed helix, and associate highly with each other. No linear extended configuration is possible. The figure of the supposed configuration is drawn.
Thermodynamical Studies on Binary Systems Consisting of Polar and Non-polar Liquids. I. Construction of a Semi-automatic Microcalorimeter Suitable for the Rapid Measurement of Heats of Mixing of Binary Solutions
Authors: Amaya Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A semi-automatic microcalorimeter is constructed which is convenient for a large number of the measurements of heats of mixing of two kinds of liquid.
The calorimeter is equipped with a removable mixing vessel, its holder, and a container, by which the efficiency of the measurement is much increased. Automatic registering of the time intervals during which the electrical current is supplied to the calorimeter, as well as automatic thermal compensation for endo-thermic systems, are performed. It is another feature of the apparatus to require only less than 1 cc. of each component for each measurement. The elimination of the vapor phase of the liquids in the mixing vessel makes the results certain. The heat sensitivity is 10−3 joule.
Studies on the Silk-platinum Catalyst. II. General Properties
Authors: Akamatsu Akira , Izumi Yoshiharu , Akabori Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. The silk-platinum catalyst showed quite different behaviors with various compounds from that of other platinum catalysts. The difference is probably due to the characteristic spacing of the active centers on the silk-platinum catalyst, due to the structure of the carrier silk-fibroin protein.
2. The catalyst was found to catalize the hydrogenation of some aldehydes, unconjugated aliphatic ketones and C=C double bonds, aliphatic nitro groups and oxime, more weakly, than that of the aromatic nitro groups.
3. Carbon monoxide, benzyl mercaptan and cupric ion poisoned the catalyst, and the activity of the catalyst inhibited by cupric ion, was not recovered by treatment with ethylene-diamine tetra-acetic acid.
4. Ferric ion scarcely inhibited the catalyst and acetylation of the catalyst scarcely decreased its activity, unlike that of the silk-palladium catalyst.
Thermodynamical Studies on Binary Systems Consisting of Polar and Non-polar Liquids. III. Caculation of the Electrostatic Part of the Thermodynamic Excess Functions due only to the Dipole of the Polar Molecule for the Binary System Composed of Polar and Non-polar Liquids according to Onsager’s Model
Authors: Amaya Kazuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrostatic part of the excess functions for 21 binary systems consisting of polar and non-polar liquids were calculated according to Onsager’s model. The electrostatic part of the excess free energy and excess enthalpy are positive over all the concentrations for all of these systems and these quantities are unsymmetric with regard to the mole fractions x against the value at the point x = 0.5.
The concentrations xmax where these quantities have maximum values, shift to a lower concentration of polar component. The larger the dipole moment of the polar components, the larger the maximum values and the shifts are. The electrostatic part of excess entropies have positive values over the whole concentration for systems consisting of a polar component of small dipole moment, but for those consisting of one with a larger dipole moment, these quantities take negative values for a high concentration of polar component, but take positive values for a low concentration range. The electrostatic part of van Laar coefficients is also calculated and these values increase with the decrease of concentration of polar component.
Structure of Enteromycin. II. Derivatives and Products in Various Reactions of Dimethoxyenteromycin
Authors: Mizuno K\={o}mei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The structure of dehydroxytetrahydrodemethoxyenteromycin was established to be glycyl-β-alanine. Demethoxyenteromycin yielded O-acetyldemethoxyenteromycin by acetylation, N-methyl- and O-methyldemethoxyenteromycins by methylation, and demethoxyenteromycin amide by amidation. Catalytic reduction of demethoxyenteromycin gave first dehydroxydihydrodemethoxyenteromycin and then glycyl-β-alanine. Acid decomposition products of demethoxyenteromycin were the same those of enteromycin, except methyliodide.
Refractometric Study of Some Cyano and Oxalato Complex Anions
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The molar refractions of ten cyano and two oxalato complex salts were measured in the dissolved state using the NaD line. The molar refractions of complex anions were assumed to be given by the sum of (1) the molar refractions of the ligands and the central metal ion in the gaseous state, (2) the polarization of the ligands due to the field of the central metal ion, and (3) the delocalization of electrons by the metal-ligand π-bonding. The estimation of each term was attempted on the assumption that the chief difference between isoelectronic anions, for example Cu(CN)43− and Zn(CN)42−, is that of the valency of the central metal ions and the contribution of delocalization is roughly the same in such a pair. The polarization of a cyanide ion was found to be about 1.6 cc. per unit charge of metal ion for tetrahedral anions and about 0.9 cc. for octahedral ones. The contribution of π-bonding was estimated to be around 3 cc. per metal-ligand bond for both of the above-mentioned cyano complex anions. The small polarization and delocalization effects were observed in the case of oxalato complex anions.
Studies on Dehydroalanine Derivatives. IV. Synthesis of N-PhthaloylDehydroalanine by Thermal Decomposition of Cysteine and Serine in the Presence of Phthalic Anhydride
Authors: Sakakibara Shumpei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
N-Phthaloyl dehydroalanine (I) was synthesized by heating cysteine or serine in the presence of phthalic anhydride. Yellow mercuric oxide greatly accelerated the desulfhydration reaction. The yield of I from serine was inferior to that from cysteine. N-Phthaloyl-Dl-alanine and lanthionine were derived from I.
Synthesis and Physical Properties of Normal Higher Primary Alcohols. IV. Thermal and X-Ray Studies on the Polymorphism of the Alcohols of Even Carbon Numbers from Dodecanol to Tetratriacontanol
Authors: Watanabe Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Determination of the melting points and transition points of the even carbon numbered alcohols from C12 to C34 was made by thermal analysis. The transition points of the alcohols above C18, except C22, have never been reported.
2. The reversible transition sets in at C14 and terminates at C26. The transition of C28 and C32 is irreversible, appearing only on cooling and both transitions disappear at C34. Probably the pure sample of dodecanol may indicate no transition in any methods of measurements.
3. Properties of the a forms gradually change with increasing chain lengths.
4. The β to γ and α to γ transformations were examined by X-ray pattern measurements and the results were discussed.
5. Transition points and X-ray spacings may be reliable criteria of purity of higher alcohols, and probably of some other long chain compounds.
Chemical Studies on Radioactive Indicators. XXIV. Separation of Rhenium from Technetium by the Distillation Method
Authors: Koyama Mutsuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The separation of rhenium from technetium was investigated. Pertechnetate is reduced to non-volatile species by the use of hydroxylamine, but perrhenate is not reduced by such an agent. Rhenium is distilled out with steam from sulfuric acid medium and technetium remains in the solution containing hydroxylamine. Rhenium from carrier-free amounts up to 10 mg. can be separated quantitatively from technetium by this method.
A Study on Anion Exchange aud Amine Extraction of Rare Earth Elements in Nitric Acid
Authors: Ichikawa Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The amine extraction of rare earth elements in nitric acid is compared with anion exchange and TBP extraction with respect to the increase or decrease in Kd value with increasing atomic number of rare earth elements.
Concerning the relationship between distribution coefficient and atomic number of rare earth element, a similar trend is observed in anion exchange and amine extraction. The distribution coefficient decreases with increase in the atomic number. In TBP extraction, however, the corresponding value increases with increasing atomic number. It seems that the mechanism of amine extraction for rare earth element is similar to that of anion exchange.
Studies on Metal Complex Species Using an Anion Exchange Resin. II. On the Adsorption of Silver from Nitrate Solution
Authors: Waki Hirohiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) It was found that silver was to some extent adsorbed on a strong base anion exchange resin from nitrate solutions. Its behavior was significantly different from that of alkali metals.
2) The equations derived in the previous paper were applied to a study of silver-nitrate complex. Starting from the same equation, two methods using either NaNO3 + NaClO4 mixed media or the loading of the complex were employed, and the two results were in good agreement.
3) It was presumed that most silver in the resin exists as Ag(NO3)2− in neutral nitrate media where the external nitrate concentrations were about 2∼3 m, although such anionic species may not be considered to exist in an ordinary nitrate solution.
Vinyl Polymerization. XLVIII. Polymerization of Methylstyrenes and the Effect of Dimethylaniline on their Polymerization
Authors: Imoto Minoru , Takemoto Kiichi , Iikubo Yuichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1. Solution polymerizations of styrene, p-methyl-, p-ethyl-, p-tert-butyl-, m-methyl-, 2,4-dimethyl-, 2,5-dimethyl- and 3,4-dimethylstyrene were carried out at 50 and 70°C by ABIN in benzene, and the rates of polymerization and [η]’s of the polymers were determined. For 3,4-dimethylstyrene, the same equation as for styrene was obtained:
R 0=k[M] [ABIN]1⁄2
2. Rate constants of initiation of the polymerizations of styrene and p-methylstyrene were determined, according to the FeCl3-method as follows:
k i=0.67×10−5 (sec−1) (for p-methylstyrene)
k i=0.76×10−5 (sec−1) (for styrene)
3. Polymerizations of styrene and p-methylstyrene were carried out at 70°C by the Bz2O2-DMA system, and the same equation as styrene was derived for p-methylstyrene as follows:
R 0=k′[Bz2O2]1⁄2[DMA]1⁄2
4. Polymerizations of styrene, p-methyl-, and dimethylstyrenes were carried out at 50 and 70°C by ABIN-DMA system, and the results for the rate of polymerization and the value of [η] were discussed. A correction was made for the results previously obtained.
5. The effect of DMA on the induction period for the polymerization of p-methylstyrene was studied at 60°C. In the case of polymerization with FeCl3 in DMF, no effect of DMA on the induction period was observed, while in the case of that with p-benzoquinone in benzene, the induction period was decreased with the amount of DMA.
Mass-spectrometric Study on Ionization and Dissociation of Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, Acetone and Ethyl Methyl Ketone by Electron Impact
Authors: Kanomata Ichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A study of the ionization and dissociation of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and ethyl methyl ketone, all of which have an oxygen atom, was carried out through the appearance potential method. As appearance potentials were obtained by the retarding potential difference method, break points, which correspond to successively occurring ionization, appeared in the ionization efficiency curves of molecules and fragments. By considering the relation of energy, it is concluded that the ionization of the molecule takes place at first by the removal of one of the lone pair electrons of oxygen atom in the molecule, and that, in the formation of a fragment ion including an oxygen atom, dissociation takes place to create a triple bond, satisfying the trivalency of O+ in the fragment ions.
The total bond energy of O+ in CH3C≡O+ and C2H5C≡O+ are calculated as about 200 kcal./mol., while in HC≡O+ it is 170∼180 kcal./mol. as in the case of diethyl ether reported previously. This fact may be explained by the number of resonance structures related.
The second and the third ionization potentials are thought to correspond to the removal of the π-electron and σ-electron in C–O bond respectively. The heat of formation of CHO+, CH3CO+ and C2H5CO+ are obtained from various reactions.
The Beckmann Rearrangement of the Geometrical Isomers of Cyclohexyl Phenyl Ketoxime in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Tada Ritsuro , Masubuchi Yoichi , Tokura Niichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The Beckmann rearrangement of the isomeric cylcohexyl phenyl ketoximes was carried out in liquid sulfur dioxide at low temperature (–70°C) with thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, bromine and hydrogen halides. In liquid sulfur dioxide, the β-oxime was unstable and isomerized slowly to the α-oxime with no reagent. The α-oxime yielded N-cyclohexyl benzamide and the β-oxime yielded cyclohexanecarboxyanilide, respectively, by the Beckmann rearrangement in liquid sulfur dioxide. The geometrical structure of the isomers and isomerization between them were discussed. As for the β-oxime, the rate of the rearrangement by far surpassed the rate of the isomerization. The principle of the trans migration in the Beckmann rearrangement has been confirmed within the range of this experiment. The deoximation of the oxime to the parent ketone, cyclohexyl phenyl ketone was observed in the reaction of β-oxime with hydrogen chloride and bromide.