bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast-Find: A novel computational approach to analyzing combinatorial motifs
Authors: Hamady Micah , Peden Erin , Knight Rob , Singh Ravinder 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundMany vital biological processes, including transcription and splicing, require a combination of short, degenerate sequence patterns, or motifs, adjacent to defined sequence features. Although these motifs occur frequently by chance, they only have biological meaning within a specific context. Identifying transcripts that contain meaningful combinations of patterns is thus an important problem, which existing tools address poorly.ResultsHere we present a new approach, Fast-FIND (Fast-FullyIndexedNucleotideDatabase), that uses a relational database to support rapid indexed searches for arbitrary combinations of patterns defined either by sequence or composition. Fast-FIND is easy to implement, takes less than a second to search the entireDrosophilagenome sequence for arbitrary patterns adjacent to sites of alternative polyadenylation, and is sufficiently fast to allow sensitivity analysis on the patterns. We have applied this approach to identify transcripts that contain combinations of sequence motifs for RNA-binding proteins that may regulate alternative polyadenylation.ConclusionFast-FIND provides an efficient way to identify transcripts that are potentially regulated via alternative polyadenylation. We have used it to generate hypotheses about interactions between specific polyadenylation factors, which we will test experimentally.
Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava: Clinical experience with four cases
Authors: Abisi Said , Morris-Stiff Gareth J , Scott-Coombes David , Williams Ian M , Douglas-Jones Anthony G , Puntis Malcom C 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

Background
Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava is a rare tumor that presents in an insidious manner with non-specific symptoms. Given its rarity, there are no consensus guidelines to its management. The aim of this study was to report the clinical experience in the management of patients presenting to our institution during a 12 year period.

Patients and Methods
Four patients with leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava were managed at our institution during the period reviewed. Patient details were identified through a search of the pathology department computerized database, and case notes were retrospectively reviewed to obtain details of presentation and management.

Results
There were 3 females and 1 male with a mean age of 59 years. All tumors were identified within 2 months of first symptoms. Three of the 4 had localized tumors whilst 1 patient had lung metastases at presentation. The three patients with resectable tumors underwent radical surgical excision of the tumor, and two patients had postoperative radiotherapy. One patient died of recurrence at 7 months, and another at 30 months. The third patient is currently well and disease free at 16 months. The fourth patient with metastatic disease was treated with chemotherapy alone and survived 36 months.

Conclusion
Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava is an uncommon tumor that presents with non-specific symptoms. At the time of presentation, tumors are usually large and resection is challenging but probably offers the best opportunity for long-term survival.
The lunar-tide cycle viewed by crustacean and mollusc gatherers in the State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil and their influence in collection attitudes
Authors: Nishida Alberto K , Nordi Nivaldo , Alves Rômulo RN 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
Traditional human communities have a wide knowledge of their environment. Collection of animals in estuarine and coastal areas are directly influenced by tidal cycles. The aim of this study is to evaluate the understanding of the tides associated with the lunar cycle held by people who gather crustaceans and molluscs in the State of Paraiba. The empirical knowledge of 20 crab gatherers and 30 mollusc gatherers was recorded through open interviews and structured questionnaires. The results showed that the gatherers have an accurate comprehension of tidal phenomenon based on their exploitation of natural resources, which perpetuates through generations.
Parental use of the term "Hot Qi" to describe symptoms in their children in Hong Kong: a cross sectional survey "Hot Qi" in children
Authors: Kong Flora Y , Ng Daniel K , Chan Chung-hong , Yu Wan-lan , Chan Danny , Kwok Ka-li , Chow Pok-yu 
Published: January 2006

Abstract

Background
The Chinese term "Hot Qi" is often used by parents to describe symptoms in their children. The current study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of using the Chinese term "Hot Qi" to describe symptoms in children by their parents and the symptomatology of "Hot Qi".

Method
A cross sectional survey by face-to-face interview with a semi-structured questionnaire was carried out in a public hospital and a private clinic in Hong Kong. The parental use of the term "Hot Qi", the symptoms of "Hot Qi" and the remedies used for "Hot Qi" were asked.

Results
1060 pairs of children and parents were interviewed. 903 (85.1%) of parents claimed that they had employed the term "Hot Qi" to describe their children's symptoms. Age of children and place of birth of parents were the predictors of parents using the term "Hot Qi". Eye discharge (37.2%), sore throat (33.9%), halitosis(32.8%), constipation(31.0%), and irritable (21.2%) were the top five symptoms of "Hot Qi" in children. The top five remedies for "Hot Qi" were the increased consumption of water (86.8%), fruit (72.5%), soup (70.5%), and the use of herbal beverages "five-flower- tea" (a combination of several flowers such as Chrysanthemum morifolii, Lonicera japonica, Bombax malabaricum, Sophora japonica, and Plumeria rubra) (57.6%) or selfheal fruit spike (Prunella vulgaris) (42.4%).

Conclusion
"Hot Qi" is often used by Chinese parents to describe symptoms in their children in Hong Kong. Place of birth of parents and age of the children are main factors for parents to apply the term "Hot Qi" to describe symptoms of their children. The common symptoms of "Hot Qi" suggest infections or allergy.
Heterogeneity of Childhood Asthma Among Hispanic Children: Puerto Rican Children Bear a Disproportionate Burden
Authors: Lara Marielena , Akinbami Lara , Flores Glenn , Morgenstern Hal 
Published: January 2006

OBJECTIVES. To estimate differences in asthma prevalence among Hispanic subgroups and non-Hispanic children living in the United States and to explore the association between these differences and risk factors.METHODS. Weighted logistic regression analyses of merged 1997 to 2001 National Health Interview Survey data were used to estimate the prevalence of asthma diagnosis and asthma attacks in a sample of 46511 children (age: 2–17 years) living in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.RESULTS. Puerto Rican children had the highest prevalence of lifetime asthma (26%) and recent asthma attacks (12%), compared with non-Hispanic black children (16% and 7%, respectively), non-Hispanic white children (13% and 6%, respectively), and Mexican children (10% and 4%, respectively). Adjustment for asthma risk factors did not change these comparisons appreciably. Compared with non-Hispanic white children, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for a lifetime asthma diagnosis were 2.33 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.90–2.84) for Puerto Rican children, 1.16 (95% CI: 1.04–1.29) for non-Hispanic black children, and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.79–1.03) for Mexican children. Birthplace influenced the association between ethnicity and lifetime asthma diagnosis differently for Puerto Rican and Mexican children. Compared with United States-born non-Hispanic white children with United States-born parents, the adjusted ORs were 1.95 (95% CI: 1.48–2.57) for Puerto Rican children in families with the child and parent(s) born in the 50 states/District of Columbia and 2.50 (95% CI: 1.51–4.13) for island-born Puerto Rican children with island-born parents. The corresponding adjusted ORs for Mexican children were 1.05 (95% CI: 0.90–1.22) for families born in the 50 states/District of Columbia and 0.43 (95% CI: 0.29–0.64) for those born in Mexico. The results were similar for recent asthma attacks.CONCLUSIONS. The appreciably higher asthma morbidity rates experienced by Puerto Rican children cannot be explained by sociodemographic and other risk factors measured in the National Health Interview Survey. The heterogeneity of asthma among Hispanic subgroups should be considered in developing effective public health prevention and intervention strategies.
Hemodynamics of the Cerebral Arteries of Infants With Periventricular Leukomalacia
Authors: Fukuda Sumio , Kato Takenori , Kakita Hiroki , Yamada Yasumasa , Hussein Mohamed Hamed , Kato Ineko , Suzuki Satoshi , Togari Hajime 
Published: January 2006

OBJECTIVE. This study investigated the developmental changes in blood flow in each cerebral artery among infants with and without periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), to elucidate the time of onset of PVL.METHODS. Eight of 67 low birth weight infants were diagnosed through ultrasonography as having PVL with cyst formation. The mean cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFVs) in the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral arteries (MCAs), posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs), internal carotid arteries (ICAs), and basilar artery were measured with Doppler ultrasonography at postnatal days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, and 70. Four of 8 infants with cyst formation and 1 of 59 infants without cyst formation developed cerebral palsy.RESULTS. The mean CBFVs of infants with PVL were significantly lower in the anterior cerebral artery (days 14–70), the right MCA (days 14–70), the left MCA (days 14–70), the right PCA (days 7–70), the left PCA (days 5–70), the right ICA (days 7–70), the left ICA (days 7–70), and the basilar artery (days 14 and 28–70). The CBFVs in all arteries were also lower among those with PVL than among intact infants on day 0. The CBFVs increased postnatally in the PCAs of infants with intact brains, whereas they remained unchanged after day 14 or 21 among infants with PVL. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of cerebral palsy between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONS. We suggest that the total cerebral blood supply is decreased in cases of cystic PVL and that this reduction occurs just after birth, in a defined sequence, in the cerebral arteries. We conclude that the insult resulting in PVL might occur close to the time of birth.
Paper Versus Computer: Feasibility of an Electronic Medical Record in General Pediatrics
Authors: Roukema Jolt , Los Renske K. , Bleeker Sacha E. , van Ginneken Astrid M. , van der Lei Johan , Moll Henriette A. 
Published: January 2006

BACKGROUND. Implementation of electronic medical record systems promises significant advances in patient care, because such systems enhance readability, availability, and data quality. Structured data entry (SDE) applications can prompt for completeness, provide greater accuracy and better ordering for searching and retrieval, and permit validity checks for data quality monitoring, research, and especially decision support. A generic SDE application (OpenSDE) to support documentation of patient history and physical examination findings was developed and tailored for the domain of general pediatrics.OBJECTIVE. To evaluate OpenSDE for its completeness, uniformity of reporting, and usability in general pediatrics.METHODS. Four (trainee) pediatricians documented data for 8 first-visit patients in the traditional, paper-based, medical record and immediately thereafter in OpenSDE (electronic record). The 32 paper records obtained served as the common data source for data entry in OpenSDE by the other 3 physicians (transcribed record). Data entered by 2 experienced users, with all patient information present in the paper record, served as the control record. Data entry times were recorded, and a questionnaire was used to assess users' experiences with OpenSDE.RESULTS. Clinicians documented 44% of all available patient information identically in the paper and electronic records. Twenty-five percent of all patient information was documented only in the paper record, and 31% was present only in the electronic record. Differences were found in patient history and physical examination documentation in the electronic record; more information was missing for patient history (38%) than for physical examination (15%). Furthermore, physical examination contained more additional information (39%) than did patient history (21%). The interobserver agreement of documentation of patient information from the same data source was fair to moderate, with κ values of 0.39 for patient history and 0.40 for physical examination. Data entry times in OpenSDE decreased from 25 minutes to &lt;15 minutes, indicating a learning effect. The questionnaire revealed a positive attitude toward the use of OpenSDE in daily practice.CONCLUSION. OpenSDE seems to be a promising application for the support of physician data entry in general pediatrics.
Racial and Gender Differences in the Viability of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Morse Steven B. , Wu Samuel S. , Ma Changxing , Ariet Mario , Resnick Michael , Roth Jeffrey 
Published: January 2006

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to provide a race- and gender-specific model for predicting 1-year survival rates for extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants by using population-based data.METHODS. Birth and death certificates were analyzed for all children (N = 5076) with birth weights between 300 g and 1000 g who were born in Florida between 1996 and 2000. Semiparametric, multivariate, logistic regression analysis was used to model 1-year survival probabilities as a function of birth weight, gestational age, mother's race, and infant's gender. Estimated survival rates among different race/gender groups were compared by using odds ratios (ORs).RESULTS. One-year survival rates for 5076 ELBW infants born between 1996 and 2000 did not change during the 5-year period (60–62%). The survival rate at ≤500 g was ≤14% (n = 716). Survival rates at 501 to 600 g and 601 to 700 g were 36% and 62%, respectively. The survival rate reached &gt;85% for infants of &gt;800 g. Modeling indicated a survival advantage for female infants, compared with male infants (OR: 1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.5–1.9), and for black infants, compared with white infants (OR: 1.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.1–1.5). Black female infants had 2.1 greater odds of survival than did white male infants.CONCLUSIONS. This population-based study highlights the significant race and gender differences in 1-year survival rates for ELBW infants, as well as the interactions of these 2 factors. These findings can assist obstetricians and neonatologists not only in the care of ELBW infants but also in frank discussions with families.
Modification of a Passive Gear to Sample Paddlefish Eggs in Sandbed Spawning Reaches of the Lower Yellowstone River
Authors: Firehammer Jon A. , Scarnecchia Dennis L. , Fain Steven R. 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
A passive sampling technique was developed to collect eggs and confirm potential spawning sites for paddlefish Polyodon spathula in sandbed reaches of the lower Yellowstone River, Montana and North Dakota. In 2000, egg collectors modeled after the mats used in sturgeon research proved difficult to retrieve from the riverbed and did not collect eggs. In 2001 and 2002, tubular egg collectors designed to remain suspended off the bottom were successfully retrieved 97% of the time and collected 130 acipenseriform eggs along suspected spawning sites (99% of differentiable eggs were genetically confirmed as paddlefish). In both years, eggs were typically collected in mid-June after peak periods of Yellowstone River discharge and at river temperatures of 15–22°C. During collection periods in 2001 and 2002, 20% and 45% of retrieved tubes, respectively, had at least one egg, and 84% of all eggs were found on tubes retrieved from the channel thalweg. Although eggs were spatially distributed in a clumped manner at sample sites, the mean number of eggs per tube was low (&lt;4), suggesting either collector inefficiency, the inability to deploy collectors in close proximity to concentrations of spawning paddlefish, or the widespread distribution of spawning effort over the lower Yellowstone River.
Mating Pheromone Reception and Induced Behavior in Ovulating Female Sea Lampreys
Authors: Johnson Nicholas S. , Luehring Mark A. , Siefkes Michael J. , Li Weiming 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine how ovulating female sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus respond to water conditioned with spermiating males (spermiating male washings) and how trap efficiency can be improved through their use. The capture rate of ovulating female sea lampreys was observed in traps baited with continuous or pulsed spermiating male washings. The behavior of ovulating females around baited traps was quantified. Within 2 h, traps baited with continuous spermiating male washings captured 52% of ovulating females (n = 27) and traps baited with pulsed washings captured 28% (n = 25) of ovulating females. Unbaited traps did not capture ovulating females. The behavior of females near traps baited with pulsed spermiating male washings was characterized by significantly more downstream and side-stream movements than that of females near traps with continuous washings. We occluded the olfactory organ of ovulating females and tested whether they were attracted to spermiating male washings in a two-choice maze and whether they could locate spermiating males in a spawning stream. Ovulating females with occluded olfactory organs were unable to locate spermiating males in a spawning stream. Furthermore, anosmic females were not attracted to spermiating male washings in a two-choice maze. We conclude that traps baited with spermiating male washings are able to capture females and that females may use the structure of the pheromone plume to locate the exact source of pheromones. It is likely that olfaction is the only means for ovulating females to detect a pheromone that is released by spermiating males.
Maxillary Sinusitis and Periapical Abscess Following Periodontal Therapy: A Case Report Using Three‐Dimensional Evaluation
Authors: Huang Chih‐Hao , Brunsvold Michael A. 
Published: January 2006

Background: Maxillary sinusitis may develop from the extension of periodontal disease. In this case, reconstructed three‐dimensional images from multidetector spiral computed tomographs were helpful in evaluating periodontal bony defects and their relationship with the maxillary sinus.Methods: A 42‐year‐old woman in good general health presented with a chronic deep periodontal pocket on the palatal and interproximal aspects of tooth #14. Probing depths of the tooth ranged from 2 to 9 mm, and it exhibited a Class 1 mobility. Radiographs revealed a close relationship between the root apex and the maxillary sinus. The patient's periodontal diagnosis was localized severe chronic periodontitis. Treatment of the tooth consisted of cause‐related therapy, surgical exploration, and bone grafting. A very deep circumferential bony defect at the palatal root of tooth #14 was noted during surgery. After the operation, the wound healed without incidence, but 10 days later, a maxillary sinusitis and periapical abscess developed. To control the infection, an evaluation of sinus and alveolus using computed tomographs was performed, systemic antibiotics were prescribed, and endodontic treatment was initiated.Results: Two weeks after surgical treatment, the infection was relieved with the help of antibiotics and endodontic treatment. Bilateral bony communications between the maxillary sinus and periodontal bony defect of maxillary first molars were shown on three‐dimensional computed tomographs. The digitally reconstructed images added valuable information for evaluating the periodontal defects.Conclusion: Three‐dimensional images from spiral computed tomographs (CT) aided in evaluating and treating the close relationship between maxillary sinus disease and adjacent periodontal defects.
Unilateral Severe Chronic Periodontitis Associated With Ipsilateral Surgical Resection of Cranial Nerves V, VI, and VII
Authors: Zavarella Matthew M. , Leblebicioglu Binnaz , Claman Lewis J. , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: January 2006

Background:The central and peripheral nervous systems participate in several local physiological and pathological processes. There is experimental evidence that the inflammatory, local immune, and wound healing responses of a tissue can be modulated by its innervation. The aim of this clinical report is to present a case of unilateral severe periodontitis associated with ipsilateral surgical resection of the fifth, sixth, and seventh cranial nerves and to discuss the possible contribution of the nervous system to periodontal pathogenesis.Methods:A 39‐year‐old female patient with a history of a cerebrovascular accident caused by a right pontine arteriovenous malformation and destruction of the right fifth, sixth, and seventh cranial nerves was diagnosed with severe chronic periodontitis affecting only the right maxillary and mandibular quadrants. The patient's oral hygiene was similar for right and left sides of the mouth. Percentages of tooth surfaces carrying dental plaque were 41% and 36% for right and left sides, respectively. Non‐surgical and surgical periodontal therapy was performed, and the patient was placed on a regular periodontal maintenance schedule.Results:Healing following initial periodontal therapy and osseous periodontal surgery occurred without complications. Follow‐up clinical findings at 1 year revealed stable periodontal health.Conclusions:This case report suggests that periodontal innervation may contribute to the regulation of local processes involved in periodontitis pathogenesis. It also suggests that periodontal therapy can be performed successfully at sites and in patients affected by paralysis.
Effect of a Hydroxyapatite Tricalcium Phosphate Alloplast on Osseous Repair in the Rat Calvarium
Authors: Fleckenstein Kurt B. , Cuenin Michael F. , Peacock Mark E. , Billman Michael A. , Swiec Gary D. , Buxton Thomas B. , Singh Baldev B. , McPherson James C. 
Published: January 2006

Background: Bony defects caused by periodontitis are often treated by regenerative therapy using autografts and/or allografts. Alloplasts, such as hydroxyapatite or ceramics, are also used as osteoconductive materials that serve as a scaffold for new bony ingrowth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA‐TCP) on osseous repair in the rat calvarium.Methods: Forty‐four adult male Harlan Sprague‐Dawley rats were assigned to one of four treatment groups: HA‐TCP macroporous disk, HA‐TCP microporous disk, HA‐TCP granules, and demineralized freeze‐dried bone (DFDB). The materials were placed into 8‐mm calvarial critical‐size defects (CSD). Calvariae were harvested at 10 weeks post‐surgery and evaluated histomorphometrically.Results: The DFDB group had significantly (P <0.05) more new bone formation (47%) than any other group. The HA‐TCP macroporous disk group had significantly (P <0.05) more new bone formation (19.7%) than the HA‐TCP microporous disk (8.5%) or HA‐TCP granule (6.9%) groups.Conclusions: The HA‐TCP macroporous disk may elicit significant new bone formation due to its rigid space‐maintaining scaffold and pore size for vascular ingrowth. It is well tolerated by host tissues and may be a suitable carrier for growth factors.