bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the Radioisotope Test Using 131I-labelled Serum Albumin and Plethysmographic Blood Flow . Measurements in the Study of the Circulation in the Foot
Authors: Cuypers Y. , Steels P. 
Published: November 2007

A radioisotope test using 131I-labelled serum albumin and venous occlusion plethysmography were performed simultaneously on the feet of normal individuals and patients with peripheral arterial disease during a period of reactive hyperemia. The radioisotope test includes a circulation time and a build-up curve reflecting a local clearance process which is characterized by the parameter M/2 — delay. Between the parameter M/2 — delay of the radioisotope test and the blood flow measured by the plethysmograph, the power relationship was found to be: M/2 — delay = 74.01 F-0.74 with r = 0.69. The experimental data show that the plethysmographic blood flow mea surement is an accurate method for the assessment of the peripheral circu lation in normal individuals but is less suitable in patients with peripheral arterial disease. The radioisotope test appears to be more valuable than the plethysmographic blood flow measurement for the differentiation of normal individuals from patients with peripheral arterial disease and for the evalu ation of the grade of ischemia.
Effect of Fentanyl on Myocardial Metabolism during Ischemia
Authors: Reneman Robert S. , Van der Vusse Ger J. 
Published: November 2007

In this survey, the effect of fentanyl, a potent morphinomimetic, on myocardial metabolism and some hemodynamic variables during ischemia is described. The data presented were derived from open-chest experiments on dogs. Ischemia was induced by partial occlusion (stenosis) of a coronary artery. Inducing the stenosis twice in the same animal after a certain interval made it possible to use the animal as its own control. Control and compound series are discussed. In the compound series, fentanyl (25 μg/kg-1) was injected IV 5 minutes before induction of the second stenosis. Fentanyl decreased the oxygen demand of the ischemic myocardium, mainly due to a reduction in heart rate, which resulted in a decrease in the breakdown of energy-rich phosphates and in the anaerobic breakdown of glucose. The latter resulted in a less pronounced production of lactate by the ischemic myocardium and hence in a diminished acidity of this tissue. The release of potassium ions during ischemia was reduced after fentanyl. The uptake of glucose by the ischemic myocardium was not affected by fentanyl, but the uptake of free fatty acids was diminished. During ischemia, the arterial free fatty acid concentration decreased after fentanyl, indicating that the compound may suppress stress responses. Although extrapolation to clinical anesthesia should be handled with care, the described findings suggest that the use of fentanyl may benefit patients with coronary artery disease during anesthesia.
Angiokines, Angiogenesis and Angiolymphoproliferative Syndromes (ALPS)
Authors: DeCarvalho Sergio 
Published: November 2007

In earlier experiments we had noted that transformed and leukemic leuko cytes produced an RNA-rich angiogenic lymphokine. The formation of capil laries is a stepwise process in which reticulum cells first become detached and attracted to a site (mobilization and migration along a reticulin network). This is followed by local proliferation and finally by elongation and alignment against a basal membrane in tubular geometry. Coincidental with the last step is a biochemical and immunochemical differentiation of the endothelial cells manifested by the appearance of alkaline phosphatase, angiotensin-converting enzyme, factor VIII and the generation of receptors for thrombin as well as the capacities to produce prostacyclin and fibronectin on demand. It is postulated that there may be not one but several angiogenic lym phokines (angiokines) for each step of capillary development. Angiokine 1 (AK1) for the mobilization-chemotactic-migration, A K2 for the local prolifera tive, and AK3 for differentiating-morphogenic events. The above postulate aids in the classification and understanding of a number of angiolymphoproliferative syndromes since these reflect different disorders of the stepwise vessel formation. The association and the simultaneous proliferation of vascular and lym phoid elements is a feature that a number of lymphoproliferative disorders, of otherwise differing nature, have in common. To this effect they have been grouped in this study as angiolymphoproliferative syndromes (ALPS). These are a group of prelymphomatous or prelymphomogenic clinicopathologic entities in which proliferation of a lymphoid element (cell) is coupled with the accelerated development of blood capillaries and post- capillary venules.
Hypotension and Arteriovenous Shunting: Effects of Intravenous Infusion of Nitroprusside, Nitroglycerin and Phentolamine
Authors: Dumont Louis , Lamoureux Claudette , Lelorier Jacques , Stanley Paul , Chartrand Claude 
Published: November 2007

The effects of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin and phentolamine on cardiac dynamics and on the fraction of cardiac output shunted through systemic arteriovenous communi cations, which may explain disparate responses elicited by these systemic vasodilators upon venous return, have been studied in 15 nonanesthetized dogs. Cardiac dynamic parameters were measured by electromagnetic flow probe placed at the root of the aorta. Quantitative measurements of total systemic arteriovenous shunting were determined from the fraction of 9μ radioactively labeled microspheres, injected into the left atrium, recovered in the pulmonary artery. To provide a common basis for comparison, the mean arterial pressure was lowered by 15-20% either with an intravenous infusion of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin or phentolamine. At the fifteenth minute of infusion, nitro prusside produced significant decrease in stroke volume index (23%) and left ventricular power and work (28% and 40%). Nitroglycerin decreased significantly stroke volume index (12%), cardiac index (9%) and left ventricular work (22%). Phentolamine signifi cantly increased heart rate (72%) and left ventricular maximum acceleration (30%) while it decreased stroke volume index (41 %), left ventricular power and work (19% and 55%). Total peripheral resistance was significantly affected only by infusion of phentolamine (-18%). Left ventricular maximum velocity, mean systolic ejection rate and maximum systolic flow did not change significantly under infusion of these systemic vasodilators. Under control conditions, total systemic shunting of cardiac output averaged 8.9- 10% and was not modified by any of the vasodilators used. Arteriovenous O2 difference and oxygen consumption, corroborated these findings since they remained within normal limits before and after infusion of nitroprusside, nitroglycerin or phentolamine. These results indicate that the mechanisms by which venous return is altered during administration of systemic vasodilators in normal subjects are not related to shunting of blood via peripheral arteriovenous anastomoses.
Naftidrofuryl in Chronic Arterial Disease. Results of a Controlled Multicenter Study
Authors: Trübestein G. , Böhme H. , Heidrich H. , Heinrich F. , Hirche H. , Maass U. , Mörl H. , Rudofsky G. 
Published: November 2007

In a double blind, randomized multicenter study naftidrofuryl, a vasoactive substance, was compared with placebo in the treatment of 104 patients with chronic arterial occlusive disease. After a run-in period of four weeks the pa tients received either naftidrofuryl (600mg daily) or placebo over 12 weeks. The pain-free and the total walking distances improved significantly in both groups. However, the difference in the improvement of the pain-free walking distance was significant (p < 0.02) in favour of naftidrofuryl. There also was a difference in the improvement of the total walking distance in favour of naftidrofuryl which was not significant. The results indicate that naftidrofuryl has a beneficial effect on the symp toms and lengthens the painfree walking distance in patients with arterial occlu sive disease.
Elastic Modulus in Young Diabetic Patients (Ultrasound Measurements of Pulse Wave Velocity)
Authors: Stella Andrea , Gessaroli Massimiliano , Cifiello Bianca I. , Salardi Silvana , Reggiani Angela , Cacciari Emanuele , D'Addato Massimo 
Published: November 2007

Aim of this study is to confirm the validity of non-invasive evaluation with Doppler C.W. in the study of arterial diseases and in the identification of pre- clinical arterial lesions. We studied twenty-eight children suffered from mellite diabetes and depend ent on insulin and a control group composed of twenty-eight healthy persons. All subjects were studied using the methodology of the transit time for the determination of the elastic modulus of the lower limb arterial wall and results were analysed according to a statistical method. Although the groups were small, an increase in pulse wave velocity was noted in diabetic children and a significative correlation was found between the elastic modulus and duration of diabetes.
Quantitation of Pulmonary Emboli with Pulmonary Cineangiography: Preliminary Report
Authors: Panigrahi Gunadhar , Boudoulas Harisios , Ganguly Sunilendu 
Published: November 2007

Pulmonary angiography is considered the definite method of diagnosing pul monary emboli. It is hypothesized that pulmonary cineangiography is superior to conventional pulmonary angiography for quantitation of pulmonary emboli. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis. Six patients with an age range from 27 to 70 years with documented pulmo nary emboli by pulmonary angiogram, had pulmonary cineangiograms. Pulmo nary angiogram defined pulmonary emboli in nine major vessels in the six patients; while, pulmonary cineangiogram revealed another 10 major vessels with pulmonary emboli, which were either not detected or considered equivocal by the conventional pulmonary angiography. The pulmonary embolic score as an index of the extent of pulmonary emboli was 24 (mean 4±2.52 1SD) by the conventional pulmonary angiography, while the score was 60 (mean 10±3.22 1SD) by the pulmonary cineangiography, P < 0.2. Thus, in cases with pulmonary emboli, pulmonary cineangiogram is supe rior to conventional pulmonary angiogram for the quantitation of pulmonary emboli.
An S.E.M. Corrosion Cast Study on Pericyte Localization and Role in Microcirculation of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Gaudio E. , Pannarale L. , Marinozzi G. 
Published: November 2007

The authors used the microcorrosion cast technique to study the localization and the role of pericytes in the microcirculation of skeletal muscle. Both fast twitch muscles, the tibialis anterior and the pectineus muscles, and a slow twitch one, the soleus muscle, were studied, because of morphological differences of their capillary networks. The observation of peculiar imprints on the surface of vascular casts, strate gically sited in the microvascular bed, were related to the presence of pericytes apposed to the endothelial lining. The role of pericytes in adeguating the local blood flow to metabolic needs and in maintaining capillary blood flow despite pinching of vessels is discussed.
Naftidrofuryl in Chronic Arterial Disease Results of a Six Month Controlled Multicenter Study Using Naftidrofuryl Tablets 200 mg
Authors: Adhoute G. , Bacourt F. , Barral M. , Cardon J.M. , Chevalier J.M. , Cuny A. , Gillet M. , Juhan C. , Leguay G. , Marion J. , Marie J. , Natali J. , Nicaise H. , Plagnol P. , Revelin P. , Rouffy S. , Saulnier J.P. , Schmidt C. , Vasseur J.J. 
Published: November 2007

The study was carried out on patients with intermittent claudication (Fon taine's stage II). The arterial and atheromatous origin of the disease was con firmed and localized by angiography or Doppler velocimetry examination. One hundred eighty-six patients were selected initially. Their pain-free walk ing distance on a treadmill (at a speed of 3 km/hour and an inclination of 10%) had to be 150-300 m. During the first month all patients received 3 placebo tablets daily. At the end of this run-in period (D-30; D 0) and after checking walking distance stability (allowed variation: ±20% between the two measurements) the patients were included in the study. One hundred fifty-four patients were se lected and 118 remained during the whole study. The study was designed as a double-blind, using two parallel randomly selected groups. Sixty-four patients received for six months Naftidrofuryl (3 × 200 mg tablets daily with meals); 54 patients received placebo under the same conditions. Dur ing this period, clinical and paraclinical examinations were carried out every quarter (D 90 and D 180). After checking the initial homogeneity of the Naftidrofuryl and placebo- groups, the comparison between groups indicates a significant improvement in Naftidrofuryl group after 3 and 6 months of treatment. At the end of the study the observed differences in walking distance with Naftidrofuryl are approxi mately twice the difference in the reference group (D 90: p < 0.05; D 180: p < 0.02). The results of this study indicate that Naftidrofuryl is an efficient pharmacological tool for treatment of patients with chronic arterial disease (Fontaine's stage II).
Reduced Activity of Serum β-Glucuronidase in Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Nakashima Yasuhide 
Published: November 2007

Reduced activity of serum β-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) was found in three patients with Marfan syndrome, two of whom were siblings. The serum β-glu curonidase levels in the patients ranged from 294 to 439 μg (360.7±73.2, mean±SD) of the released P-nitrophenol/100 ml of serum/hour, whereas those of 7 healthy subjects ranged from 564 to 1445 μg (836.4±287.3). This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Plasma glycosaminoglycan levels in the patients were lower than those in the healthy subjects, owing mainly to the differences in plasma high-sulfated glyco saminoglycan. The correlation coefficients of serum β-glucuronidase activity with high-sulfated and total plasma glycosaminoglycans were 0.794 and 0.809, respectively (p<0.01 and p < 0.005, respectively). The results suggest that the decreased plasma high-sulfated glycosaminogly can levels in Marfan syndrome are due to the reduction of serum β-glucuroni dase, which leads to the decreased degradation of macromolecules and, subsequently, the accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans in the tissues.
Autopsy Incidence of Pulmonary Vascular Episodes. A Study of 218 Cases
Authors: Datta B.N. , Ramesh K. , Bhusnurmath Bharti 
Published: November 2007

Pulmonary thromboembolism is a rarity in India. This common clinical im pression has so far not been tested. Among 7000 autopsies between 1964 and 1980, a total of 218 cases (126 males and 92 females) were recorded to have thrombosis and/or embolism and/or infarction in the lungs. This incidence of 3.1% is far lower than that reported in the West and similar to the low incidence in Africa. Of the 218 cases, 42.6% had a cardiac disease, 18.3% had systemic septicemia, 13% had a malignancy, 12.8% had pulmonary disease, and the re maining suffered from diseases of liver, kidney, CNS, etc. Of the 218 cases, 141 (64.6%) showed only infarcts, 40 (18.3%) had only thromboemboli, and 37 (16.9%) showed both events. In view of the overlap among these three conditions and their essential pathophysiologic identity (thrombus/embolism/infarction), it is suggested that these be grouped under the name "pulmonary vascular episode."
Circulating Dopamine in Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Marasini Bianca , Biondi Maria Luisa , Agostoni Angelo 
Published: November 2007

Plasma free and conjugated and intraplatelet free dopamine, norep inephrine, and epinephrine levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection for 20 subjects with Raynaud's phenomenon of various etiologies. Circulating free dopamine and epinephrine were significantly lower in Ray naud's patients than in controls (dopamine 26.0±13.6 vs 56.3+39.6 pg/ml, p<0.005; epinephrine 25.8±16.9 vs 56.9±40.9 pg/ml, p < 0.005), while the corresponding conjugated forms in plasma and the intraplatelet contents were within normal limits. There were no abnormalities in plasma free, conjugated, or intraplatelet free norepinephrine. All of the levels were independent of the etiology, the duration, and the severity of the disease. The reduced plasma levels of free dopamine and epinephrine might be due to impaired adrenal release in response to some kinds of sympathetic stimulation or to rapid tissue uptake and peripheral metabolism. A possible role for a post- ischemic dopaminergic vasodilating system is discussed.
Morphodynamic Interpretation of Acute Coronary Thrombosis, with Special Reference to Volcano-Like Eruption of Atheromatous Plaque Caused by Coronary Artery Spasm
Authors: Penha Pedro D. , Zak Frederick G. , Lin Judith C. , Lin Ching-Shen 
Published: November 2007

Routine autopsy studies of hearts with coronary thrombosis, collected over a period of eleven years, showed unique morphologic features of rup ture of soft atheromatous plaques. These features include: (1) irregular luminar outline: angulation, invagi nation, upheaval, and/or wrinkles, (2) wavy outline of atheromatous cav ity, (3) volcano-like rupture with seepage or gushing of semiliquid ath eromatous contents into lumen, (4) cholesterol crystals arranged in rheo logic vector direction, (5) rupture of deeper intimal fibrous tissue, (6) one or multiple intimal upheavals, (7) fo cal thickening of contracted media, (8) vestige of volcano-like eruption with organized thrombus, and (9) old thrombotic occlusion with wavy ap pearance of thick intimal fibrous tis sue. The authors present a dynamic model of vasoconstriction or artery spasm that accounts for these fea tures and the rupture of soft ather omatous plaques.
Intralobar Sequestration of Upper Lobe of Right Lung — Case Reports
Authors: Gupta Shri Krishna , Abraham Abraham K. , Mani Ganesh K. 
Published: November 2007

Two cases of intralobar sequestration of the right upper lobe, which is sup plied by a major anomalous collateral artery from the descending thoracic aorta and also by the upper lobe branch of the right pulmonary artery, are presented. Both cases underwent surgical correction. The plexus of abnormal vessels in the right upper lobe of the lung communicating to the anomalous collateral artery was unexpected. The return pathway into the right pulmonary artery was most unusual. The embryologic explanation of the anomaly and the surgical implications are discussed. The return pathway of the left-to-right shunt by a branch of the pulmonary artery is most unusual and has hitherto not been reported in English literature to the best of the authors' knowledge.
Reocclusion Prophylaxis with Dipyridamole Combined with Acetylsalicylic Acid Following PTA
Authors: Heiss H.W. , Just H. , Middleton D. , Deichsel G. 
Published: November 2007

After primary successful PTA, 199 patients were randomized into one of three treatment groups, namely, placebo or a combination of 75 mg dipyridamole with either 330 mg (high dose) or 100 mg (low dose) acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) tid. The duration of treatment was six months. Of the 199 patients admitted to the study, 156 completed the six-month trial period. Not all patients had a second angiogram, and in these cases clinical findings were used in the evaluation. Evaluation of the combined angiographic and clinical results showed improvement or no deterioration in 37% of patients in the placebo group compared with 49% in the low-dose and 61% in the high-dose ASA groups respectively. The only statistically significant difference observed was between the placebo group and the group treated with dipyridamole and high-dose ASA (p = 0.01). This difference remained statistically significant at p = 0.039 if only the angiographic findings were considered for group comparison. It cannot, however, be concluded from this study that 75 mg dipyridamole in combination with 100 mg ASA tid is more effective in preventing reocclusion after PTA than in combination with 330 mg ASA tid.
Serum-Erythropoietin Concentration During Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Kurz Robert W. , Stockenhuber Felix , Jahn Christian , Wurnig Christian , Balcke Peter 
Published: November 2007

Reduced oxygen tension is regarded as the primary physiologic signal for the production of erythropoietin (EPO). There is little information available about early changes of EPO production in man due to severe hypoxia. The purpose of the present study was to examine the time course of EPO in serum of patients with acute cardiogenic pumonary edema (ACPE). In 29 patients (seventy-five ± six years, mean age ± SEM) who were hospital ized within two hours after onset of symptoms of ACPE, serum EPO concentra tions were monitored for up to seventy-two hours. At the moment of admission all patients showed significantly increased EPO concentrations of 121 ± 64 mU/mL (mean ±SEM) compared with a healthy population (15-35 mU/mL). Twenty- three patients who recovered within thirty minutes (group A) exhibited a quick return of their EPO serum levels to normal. The remaining 6 patients (group B) had a protracted clinical course and their EPO concentration showed a further increase up to the end of the observation period. The comparative monitoring of concentrations of alpha-1-proteinase inhibi tor, antithrombin III, C-reactive protein, fibronectin, hapotoglobin, and trans errin in serum and plasma revealed no significant changes. Thus a major contribution of fluid shifts into or from the intravascular compartment to the observed changes in EPO concentration seems to be unlikely. The data suggest that the production and release of EPO in the kidneys due to altered oxygen delivery is a fast-responding mechanism.
A Pressor Effect of Noncardioselective Beta Blockers in Mildly Hypertensive Patients During Surgery Under Anesthesia
Authors: Cleophas Ton J.M. , Asselt Lies M. V. , Oudshoorn Nelly H. , Quadir Sajid U. 
Published: November 2007

Sixty-two patients with mild hypertension were randomly assigned to receive no treatment, or 160 mg propranolol, or 200 mg metoprolol daily starting one week before elective surgery under anesthesia. The last dose was given two hours before anesthesia. Anesthesia consisted of induction with midazolam (2.5-5 mg) followed by thiopental (250-500 mg) and was maintained with 60% inspired N2O in oxygen and 0.4% enflurane inspired. Airway carbon dioxide was monitored continuously by a CO2 analyzer. Preoperative blood pressures were equally reduced by the two beta blockers. During anesthesia, however, blood pressure further decreased in the metoprolol group but not in the propranolol group. The authors conclude that propranolol is less effective than metoprolol in mildly hypertensive patients during surgery under anesthesia, owing probably to a pressor response from propranolol during the stress of surgery. They also conclude, however, that the amount of blood pressure reduction by cardioselec tive beta blockade (metoprolol) may not be needed and that anesthesia itself is an effective means of reducing the blood pressure.