bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrothermal Synthesis of a New Vanadium Tellurate(VI) with a Novel Chain Structure: (NH4)4{(VO2)2[Te2O8(OH)2]}·2H2O
Authors: Kim Hyejin , Cho Yoonsuk , Yun Hoseop , Do Junghwan 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new ammonium vanadium tellurate, (NH4)4{(VO2)2[Te2O8(OH)2]}·2H2O (1) was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectrum, TG analysis, and single crystal X–ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, a = 7.3843(15) Å, b = 17.111(3) Å, c = 7.3916(15) Å, β = 118.88(3)°, V = 817.9(3) Å3, Z = 2, R1 (I>2σ(I)) = 0.0235, wR2 (all data) = 0.0462. The structure of 1 consists of infinite anionic chains, {(VO2)2[Te2O8(OH)2]}4− which contain octahedral VO6 and TeO5OH units. Each octahedral VO6 and TeO5OH unit is connected by sharing an edge to form V2O10 and Te2O8(OH)2 binuclear units. The V2O10 and Te2O8(OH)2 binuclear units are alternatively connected to one another, creating complete infinite {(VO2)2[Te2O8(OH)2]}4− chains along the c direction. The anionic chains are separated by ammonium cations and water molecules that link the chains through a network of hydrogen bonds. In addition, the structure contains an extended network of O–H·····O hydrogen bonds between the chains.
LCAT inhibitors interfere with the enzymatic determination of cholesterol and triglycerides
Authors: Harris William S. , Rayford Alan 
Published: February 2007

Abstract5,5‐Dithiobis‐(2‐nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) andp‐chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid (PCMPS) are well‐known sulfhydryl inhibitors that are used to inhibit lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). They were each found to interfere with the enzymatic assays of cholesterol and triglycerides. DTNB falsely reduced the measured plasma cholesterol content, and falsely increased triglyceride readings. The inteference with the triglyceride assay could be largely prevented by blanking for glycerol. PCMPS had only a slight effect on the cholesterol assay, but falsely lowered the triglyceride readings to a great extent, even with glycerol‐blanking. Thus, these inhibitors should be avoided when plasma samples are to be enzymatically analyzed for cholesterol or triglycerides.
Incorporation of hormone‐sensitive lipase into phosphatidylcholine vesicles
Authors: Holm Cecilia , Fredrikson Gudrun , Sundler Roger , Belfrage Per 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEnzymatically active, detergent‐solubilized purified hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL) was incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles, using a detergent‐dialysis procedure with small PC vesicles, obtained by sonication, as phospholipid source and CHAPS, a zwitterionic bile‐salt derivative, as detergent. Association of enzyme protein with the PC vesicles was verified by floatation in a discontinuous dextran gradient and by gel chromatography. An average of 35% of added HSL was incorporated into the vesicles. The vesicles were shown, by quasi‐elastic light scattering and electron microscopy, to have a diameter of approximately 160 nm. The vesicleassociated HSL could be phosphorylated by cyclic AMP‐dependent protein kinase. The vesicles were stable, both with regard to enzyme activity and size, for at least 4 days when stored at 4°C. The preparation of detergent‐free, vesicle‐associated and stable HSL provides new possibilities to study some of its properties, and supports and extends the previous report (Holm, C., Fredrikson, G., and Belfrage, P.,J. Biol. Chem. 261, 15659–15661, 1986) which demonstrated the amphiphilic character of HSL.
Uptake and metabolism of dolichol and cholesterol in perfused rat liver
Authors: Kalén A. , Söderberg M. , Elmberger P. G. , Dallner G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe uptake of dolichol and cholesterol by perfused rat liver was studied. When these radioactive lipids were incorporated into egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes, both dolichol and cholesterol appeared initially in the supernatant and in the microsomal fraction and, later on, in the mitochondrial‐lysosomal fraction. The lipids taken up were esterified to some extent, but no phosphorylation of dolichol occurred. Incorporation of dolichol and cholesterol into lipoproteins increased the efficiency of uptake, which was receptor‐mediated in this case. Accumulation of these lipids occurred in lysosomes followed by a transport to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Both labeled dolichol and cholesterol appeared in the bile. In the case of dolichol, the majority of this radioactivity was not associated with the original substance itself, and probably represented lipid‐soluble catabolites. In the case of cholesterol, most of the radioactivity was associated with bile acids. It appears that, in contrast to the receptor‐mediated uptake of lipoproteins from the perfusate, the uptake of liposomal lipids involves a different mechanism. After association with the plasma membrane, the lipids enter into the cytoplasm and are transported to the ER and later to the lysosomes.
Synergistic activation of CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase by phosphatidylethanolamine and oleic acid
Authors: Sleight Richard G. , Thi Dao Hong‐Ngoc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase present in rat liver cytosol was activated almost 30‐fold when assayed in the presence of liposomes containing 60 mole % dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE). During the assay, some of the DOPE was degraded to lysoPE and oleic acid. Whereas cytidylyltransferase activity was not affected when assayed in the presence of liposomes containing lysoPE, liposomes containing oleic acid activated the enzyme. Activation by oleic acid could be eliminated by the addition of fatty acid‐free bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the assay. When cytidylyltransferase activity was measured in the presence of both BSA and liposomes containing DOPE, enzyme activity was increased almost 20‐fold, as compared with assays performed in the absence of added lipid. The 1.5‐fold difference in cytidylyltransferase activity observed when cytosol was assayed with DOPE containing liposomes in the absence or presence of BSA (30‐fold stimulation vs 20‐fold stimulation) cannot be explained by the loss of activation attributable to oleic acid alone. Activation of the enzyme in the presence of liposomes containing DOPE and oleic acid is several‐fold greater than the sum of the activations caused by the individual compounds. These data suggest that PE and oleic acid act synergistically in activating the cytidylyltranferase.
Essentiality of fatty acids
Authors: Spector Arthur A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAll fatty acids have important functions, but the term “essential” is applied only to those polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that are necessary for good health and cannot be completely synthesized in the body. The need for arachidonic acid, which is utilized for eicosanoid synthesis and is a constituent of membrane phospholipids involved in signal transduction, is the main reason why the n‐6 class of PUFA are essential. Physiological data indicate that n‐3 PUFA also are essential. Although eicosapentaenoic acid also is a substrate for eicosanoid synthesis, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is more likely to be the essential n‐3 constituent because it is necessary for optimal visual acuity and neural development. DHA is present in large amounts in the ethanolamine and serine phospholipids, suggesting that its function involves membrane structure. Because the metabolism of n‐6 PUFA is geared primarily to produce arachidonic acid, only small amounts of 22‐carbon n‐6 PUFA are ordinarily formed. Thus, the essentiality of n‐3 PUFA may be due to their ability to supply enough 22‐carbon PUFA for optimal membrane function rather than to a unique biochemical property of DHA.
Identification of vitamin E‐dependent water soluble fluorescent compounds in mouse tissues
Authors: Manwaring John D. , Csallany A. Saari 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe present paper describes the identification of two vitamin E‐dependent, water soluble fluorescent compounds in mouse tissues. Ultraviolet and fluorescent spectroscopy, derivatization with 1‐dimethylamino‐naphtalene‐5‐sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride) and cochromatography using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were utilized for the identification of the unknown compounds. The water soluble fluorescent compounds in mouse tissues were identified as tyrosine and tryptophan. The compounds were previously found to increase significantly in vitamin E deficiency in various tissues.
Autoxidation of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols. III. Synthetic triacylglycerols containing linoleate and linolenate
Authors: Miyashita K. , Frankel E. N. , Neff W. E. , Awl R. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour triacylglycerols containing linoleate (L) and linolenate (Ln) in specific positions were synthesized to determine the effect of fatty acid position on their relative rates and products of autoxidation. Analyses by reversedphase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that autoxidation of L‐ and Ln‐containing triacylglycerols form monohydroperoxides and hydroperoxy epidioxides as the main products. The peroxyl radicals of internal 12‐ and 13‐mono‐hydroperoxides of Ln triacylglycerol components cyclized rapidly and their relative triacylglycerol position had no influence on their rates of cyclization. A good linear relation was obtained between total HPLC peak areas (detected at 235 nm) of the main oxidation products and peroxide values. Reversed phase HPLC analyses thus provide a useful method to estimate oxidation of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols. The ratios of Ln to L mono‐hydroperoxides were twice the ratios of Ln to L in the triacylglycerol substrates. Ln triacylglycerol components, therefore, oxidized twice as much as the L components. At 40°C, LnLnL oxidized slightly faster than LnLLn with respective induction periods of 45 and 47 hr. LLnL oxidized faster than LLLn with respective induction periods of 56 and 60 hr. Dilinolenoyl‐linoleoylglycerols are, therefore, slightly less stable to oxidation when Ln is in the 1,2‐ than the 1,3‐triacylglycerol position. Dilinoleoyl‐linolenoylglycerols are less stable when L is in the 1,3‐ than the 1,2‐triacylglycerol position.
African American Children's Depressive Symptoms: The Prospective Effects of Neighborhood Disorder, Stressful Life Events, and Parenting
Authors: Natsuaki Misaki N. , Ge Xiaojia , Brody Gene H. , Simons Ronald L. , Gibbons Frederick X. , Cutrona Carolyn E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe prospective effects of observed neighborhood disorder, stressful life events, and parents' engagement in inductive reasoning on adolescents' depressive symptoms were examined using data collected from 777 African American families. Multilevel analyses revealed that stressful life events experienced at age 11 predicted depressive symptoms at age 13. Furthermore, a significant interaction between neighborhood disorder and parents' engagement in inductive reasoning was found, indicating that parental use of inductive reasoning was a protective factor for depressive symptoms particularly for youths living in highly disordered neighborhoods. The importance of examining correlates of depressive symptoms from a contextual framework, focusing on individuals, families, and neighborhood contexts, is emphasized.
Synthesis of 1,3‐ and 1,2‐Diphosphatidylglycerol
Authors: Ahmad Moghis U. , Krishna U. Murali , Ali Shoukath M. , Choudhury Sreeti , Ahmad Imran 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA novel phosphonium salt methodology was utilized for the first time to synthesize 1,3‐, and 1,2‐diphosphatidylglycerol. Optically active 1,2‐di‐O‐acyl‐sn‐glyceryl phosphate was coupled with unprotected glycerol in the presence of pyridiniumbromide perbromide and triethylamine to yield, after final removal of phosphate protecting group, the title compounds. The 1,2‐diphosphatidylglycerol (1,2‐isomer of cardiolipin) may be a member of a new class of phospholipids for industrial applications similar to other phosphocholines.
A dinoflagellate cyst record of Holocene climate and hydrological changes along the southeastern Swedish Baltic coast
Authors: Yu Shi-Yong , Berglund Björn E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA high-resolution, well-dated dinoflagellate cyst record from a lagoon of the southeastern Swedish Baltic Sea reveals climate and hydrological changes during the Holocene. Marine dinoflagellate cysts occurred initially at about 8600 cal yr BP, indicating the onset of the Littorina transgression in the southeastern Swedish lowland associated with global sea level rise, and thus the opening of the Danish straits. Both the species diversity and the total accumulation rates of dinoflagellate cysts continued to increase by 7000 cal yr BP and then decreased progressively. This pattern reveals the first-order change in local sea level as a function of ice-volume-equivalent sea level rise versus isostatic land uplift. Superimposed upon this local sea level trend, well-defined fluctuations of the total accumulation rates of dinoflagellate cysts occurred on quasi-1000- and 500-yr frequency bands particularly between 7500 and 4000 cal yr BP, when the connection between the Baltic basin and the North Atlantic was broader. A close correlation of the total accumulation rates of dinoflagellate cysts with GISP2 ice core sea-salt ions suggests that fluctuations of Baltic surface conditions during the middle Holocene might have been regulated by quasi-periodic variations of the prevailing southwesterly winds, most likely through a system similar to the dipole oscillation of the modern North Atlantic atmosphere.
School-based Internet-tailored fruit and vegetable education combined with brief counselling increases children's awareness of intake levels
Authors: Mangunkusumo Resiti T , Brug Johannes , de Koning Harry J , van der Lei Johan , Raat Hein 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveChildren's fruit/vegetable intake is still below recommended levels. This study applied Internet-tailored advice for schoolchildren and Internet-supported brief dietary counselling (with child and parent) within preventive health care to promote fruit/vegetable intake.Setting/subjectsThe study involved 30 seventh-grade classes (16 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group) with a total of 675 children aged 9–12 years, of whom 495 were allowed to participate.DesignA cluster-randomised baseline–post-test experimental design was applied. During school hours, all children completed Internet-administered questionnaires on fruit/vegetable intake and related determinants. Children in the intervention group received immediate online individually tailored nutrition feedback. For each child in the intervention group, a nurse received information concerning the assessment of fruit/vegetable intake via the Internet to support a 5 min counselling protocol to promote fruit/vegetable intake. Children completed a similar post-test questionnaire 3 months after the first assessment. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted using multilevel regression analyses.ResultsA total of 486 children (98% of 495) participated (263 in the intervention group, 223 in the control group); 240 child–parent couples in the intervention group attended the counselling. Awareness of inadequate fruit intake (odds ratio (OR) = 3.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8–5.3) and knowledge of recommended vegetable intake levels (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.8–4.1) were significantly more likely at post-test in the intervention group than in the control group. No significant effects were found on intake or other determinants.ConclusionsA compact, integrated two-component intervention can induce positive changes in knowledge and awareness of intake levels of fruit/vegetables among schoolchildren. To induce changes in intake levels, more comprehensive interventions may be needed.
Which food-related behaviours are associated with healthier intakes of fruits and vegetables among women?
Authors: Crawford David , Ball Kylie , Mishra Gita , Salmon Jo , Timperio Anna 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between shopping, food preparation, meal and eating behaviours and fruit and vegetable intake among women.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingCommunity-based sample from metropolitan Melbourne, Australia.SubjectsA sample of 1136 women aged 18–65 years, randomly selected from the electoral roll.ResultsFood-related behaviours reflecting organisation and forward-planning, as well as enjoyment of and high perceived value of meal shopping, preparation and consumption were associated with healthier intakes of fruits and vegetables. For example, women who more frequently planned meals before they went shopping, wrote a shopping list, enjoyed food shopping, planned in the morning what they will eat for dinner that night, planned what they will eat for lunch, reported they enjoy cooking, liked trying new recipes and who reported they sometimes prepare dishes ahead of time were more likely to consume two or more servings of vegetables daily. Conversely, women who frequently found cooking a chore, spent less than 15 minutes preparing dinner, decided on the night what they will eat for dinner, ate in a fast-food restaurant, ate takeaway meals from a fast-food restaurant, ate dinner and snacks while watching television and who frequently ate on the run were less likely to eat two or more servings of vegetables daily.ConclusionsPractical strategies based on these behavioural characteristics could be trialled in interventions aimed at promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among women.
Parent outcome expectancies for purchasing fruit and vegetables: a validation
Authors: Baranowski Tom , Watson Kathy , Missaghian Mariam , Broadfoot Alison , Baranowski Janice , Cullen Karen , Nicklas Theresa , Fisher Jennifer , O'Donnell Sharon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo validate four scales – outcome expectancies for purchasing fruit and for purchasing vegetables, and comparative outcome expectancies for purchasing fresh fruit and for purchasing fresh vegetables versus other forms of fruit and vegetables (F&V).DesignSurvey instruments were administered twice, separated by 6 weeks.SettingRecruited in front of supermarkets and grocery stores; interviews conducted by telephone.SubjectsOne hundred and sixty-one food shoppers with children (18 years or younger).ResultsSingle dimension scales were specified for fruit and for vegetable purchasing outcome expectancies, and for comparative (fresh vs. other) fruit and vegetable purchasing outcome expectancies. Item Response Theory parameter estimates revealed easily interpreted patterns in the sequence of items by difficulty of response. Fruit and vegetable purchasing and fresh fruit comparative purchasing outcome expectancy scales were significantly correlated with home F&V availability, after controlling for social desirability of response. Comparative fresh vegetable outcome expectancy scale was significantly bivariately correlated with home vegetable availability, but not after controlling for social desirability.ConclusionThese scales are available to help better understand family F&V purchasing decisions.
Analgesic actions of N‐arachidonoyl‐serotonin, a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor with antagonistic activity at vanilloid TRPV1 receptors
Authors: Maione S , De Petrocellis L , de Novellis V , Moriello A Schiano , Petrosino S , Palazzo E , Rossi F Sca , Woodward D F , Di Marzo V 
Published: February 2007

Background and purpose:N‐arachidonoyl‐serotonin (AA‐5‐HT) is an inhibitor of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)‐catalysed hydrolysis of the endocannabinoid/ endovanilloid compound, anandamide (AEA). We investigated if AA‐5‐HT antagonizes the transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) channel and, as FAAH and TRPV1 are targets for analgesic compounds, if it exerts analgesia in rodent models of hyperalgesia.Experimental approach:AA‐5‐HT was tested in vitro, on HEK‐293 cells overexpressing the human or the rat recombinant TRPV1 receptor, and in vivo, in rats and mice treated with formalin and in rats with chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. The levels of the endocannabinoids, AEA and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol, in supraspinal (periaqueductal grey, rostral ventromedial medulla), spinal or peripheral (skin) tissues were measured.Key results:AA‐5‐HT behaved as an antagonist at both rat and human TRPV1 receptors (IC50=37‐40 nM against 100 nM capsaicin). It exerted strong analgesic activity in all pain models used here. This activity was partly due to FAAH inhibition, elevation of AEA tissue levels and indirect activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors, as it was reversed by AM251, a CB1 antagonist. AA‐5‐HT also appeared to act either via activation/desensitization of TRPV1, following elevation of AEA, or as a direct TRPV1 antagonist, as suggested by the fact that its effects were either reversed by capsazepine and 5′‐iodo‐resiniferatoxin, two TRPV1 antagonists, or mimicked by these compounds administered alone.Conclusions and implications:Possibly due to its dual activity as a FAAH inhibitor and TRPV1 antagonist, AA‐5‐HT was highly effective against both acute and chronic peripheral pain.British Journal of Pharmacology (2007) 150, 766–781. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707145
Assessment of the probabilities for evolutionary structural changes in protein folds
Authors: Vīksna Juris , Gilbert David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMotivation: The evolution of protein sequences can be described by a stepwise process, where each step involves changes of a few amino acids. In a similar manner, the evolution of protein folds can be at least partially described by an analogous process, where each step involves comparatively simple changes affecting few secondary structure elements. A number of such evolution steps, justified by biologically confirmed examples, have previously been proposed by other researchers. However, unlike the situation with sequences, as far as we know there have been no attempts to estimate the comparative probabilities for different kinds of such structural changes.Results: We have tried to assess the comparative probabilities for a number of known structural changes, and to relate the probabilities of such changes with the distance between protein sequences. We have formalized these structural changes using a topological representation of structures (TOPS), and have developed an algorithm for measuring structural distances that involve few evolutionary steps. The probabilities of structural changes then were estimated on the basis of all-against-all comparisons of the sequence and structure of protein domains from the CATH-95 representative set.The results obtained are reasonably consistent for a number of different data subsets and permit the identification of several ‘most popular’ types of evolutionary changes in protein structure. The results also suggest that alterations in protein structure are more likely to occur when the sequence similarity is &gt;10% (the average similarity being ∼6% for the data sets employed in this study), and that the distribution of probabilities of structural changes is fairly uniform within the interval of 15–50% sequence similarity.Availability: The algorithms have been implemented on the Windows operating system in C++ and using the Borland Visual Component Library. The source code is available on request from the first author. The data sets used for this study (representative sets of protein domains, matrices of sequence similarities and structural distances) are available on http://bioinf.mii.lu.lv/epsrc_project/struct_ev.html.Contact: juris.viksna@mii.lu.lv