bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Synthesis of Chelating Agents. II. The Synthesis of Aminoacetone-N, N-diacetic Acid and Its Chelating Behavior with Metal Ions
Authors: Ando Takeshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) Aminoacetone-N, N-diacetic acid or 1-amino-2-propanone-N, N-diacetic acid has been synthesized. This is the first iminodiacetic acid derivative to have a keto group as an additional coordinating site.
2) The acid dissociation constant and the chelate stability constants of this ligand have been determined by the pH titration method, at 25°C and 0.10 m ionic strength, for such metal ions as copper(II), lead(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II), cobalt(II), calcium(II), strontium(II) and magnesium(II).
3) It has been proved that the coordination of the carbonyl oxygen of this ligand to metal ions is appreciable, and the increase in the chelate stability has been explained by the contribution of the carbonyl coordination.
The Electron Spin Resonance and Electronic Spectra of the Anion Radicals of 4-Nitropyridine and 4-Nitropyridine 1-Oxide
Authors: Itoh Michiya , Okamoto Toshihiko , Nagakura Saburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The ESR and electronic spectra of the 4-nitropyridine and 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide anions have been measured. The nitrogen and hydrogen hyperfine splitting constants of these two compounds have been determined. In order to analyze the ESR spectra exactly, the measurements have also been carried out with respective compounds containing 15N instead of 14N in the nitro group. The spin densities on the nitrogen and carbon atoms of these two anions have been estimated from the splitting constants. It has thus been found that the spin densities on the ring nitrogen and carbon atoms are undoubtedly larger in the 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide anion than in the 4-nitropyridine anion.
The electronic spectrum of the 4-nitropyridine anion has been measured and three peaks found at 313, 440 and 640 mμ. According to the molecular orbital calculations carried out with the π-electron system of the 4-nitropyridine anion, it has been concluded that the 440 mμ band may be regarded as the intramolecular charge transfer band, and that the 313 mμ band can be interpreted as the blue shifted band of the pyridine anion.
The Pectic Acid from the Pulp of Jackfruit (Artocarpus Integrifolia). I. Methylation Studies
Authors: Gupta U K Sen , Rao C V N 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from the pulp of jackfruit (Artocarpus Integerifolia) has been shown to be composed of l-rhamnose, d-xylose, l-arabinose, d-glucose, d-galactose and d-galacturonic acid. The jackfruit pectic acid has subsequently been extracted with ammonium oxalate and purified. The results of electrophoresis, mild hydrolysis and methylation studies indicate the presence of chains of 1 : 4 linked α-d-galacturonic acid residues in the pectic acid, which is physically associated with a neutral polysaccharide, a glucan. Periodate oxidation studies have also been reported.
The Polymer-like Property of a Non-ionic Detergent Having a Long Polyoxyethylene Chain
Authors: Tokiwa Fumikatsu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The solubilization and viscosity of polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether (PODE) solutions were studied as a function of the polyoxyethylene chain-length (p). The solubilization is in accordance with the isotherm S=Kcn, where S is the extent of solubilization, c, the concentration of detergent, and n and K, constants. The value of n increases with the p value and is slightly greater than unity for PODE of p&gt;27. The K′-value calculated from Huggins’ equation, which is dependent on the p value, decreases at first with the p value and then somewhat increases in spite of the increasingly hydrophilic nature. The effective volume, Φ⁄c, of PODE, which is nearly independent of c except for the case of PODE in which p=7.6, increases regularly as the p value becomes larger. On the basis of these results, the polymer-like property of PODE of a considerably large p value and the interaction among aggregates of PODE were discussed in connection with ultracentrifugal data reported previously.
Sterically-hindered Organosilicon Compounds Containing Cyclohexyl Groups. I. Reactions of Organolithium Compounds with Tricyclohexylfluorosilane
Authors: Takakusa Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of tricyclohexylflurosilane with n-butyl-, phenyl-, isopropyl- and cyclohexyllithiums in boiling petroleum ether (90∼110°C) were studied, and tricyclohexylbutylsilane and tricyclohexylphenylsilane were prepared (41 and 72%, respectively) for the first time. A secondary alkyl group can not be bonded to the silicon of tricyclohexylsilyl group even under these drastic conditions.
Vinyl Polymerization. LXVII. The Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate in the Presence of Zinc Chloride
Authors: Imoto Minoru , Otsu Takayuki , Ito Toshio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A study of the effect of zinc chloride on the polymerization of vinyl acetate has been made. Zinc chloride can initiate the cationic polymerization of vinyl acetate at above room temperatures to yield the colored low-molecular weight polymer. However, in the low-temperature photopolymerization of vinyl acetate initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile, zinc chloride accelerates the radical polymerization and the colorless polymer which is insoluble in the monomer is obtained. Elementary analysis, infrared spectra and X-ray analyses show that the structure of this polymer after purification does not differ with that of ordinary poly-vinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol obtained through the hydrolysis of this polymer has no crystallinity superior to that of the ordinary sample.
The Selective Chelatometry of Calcium in the Presence of Magnesium with Ethylene Glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic Acid
Authors: Nakagawa Genkichi , Tanaka Motoharu , Wada Hiroko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The optimum conditions for the chelatometry of calcium with EGTA have been deduced from the theoretical consideration of the equilibria involved. Some experimental results have been given on the chelatometry of calcium in the presence of magnesium using the Zn-EGTA-PAN system as an indicator. This proposed method seems to be better than earlier ones.
Spectrophotometric Studies of the Complexes of Phenylazochromotropic Acid Formed with Thorium
Authors: Miyata Haruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The dissociation constant of phenylazochromotropic acid, pKa, has been estimated spectrophotometrically to be 9.30 (25°C, μ=0.1).
The reagent reacts with thorium in the molar ratio 1:1, displacing one hydrogen atom, and the approximate value of the apparent stability constant of the complex, logK′, has been estimated to be 3.4∼4.9 in the 2∼3.5 pH value range.
Studies of the Absorption Spectra of Azo Dyes and their Metal-complexes. V. The Electronic Absorption Spectra of Metal-complexed Phenolazoacetoacetbenzylamides
Authors: Yagi Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The absorption spectra of metallized phenolazoacetoacetbenzylamides were investigated.
The isolation of the electronic effect of the amide phenyl ring by the insertion of the methylene bridge decreases the intensity of the D band, resulting in the hypso- and hypochromic displacement of the A, B and C bands.
The red-shifts of the A and C ligand-bands with the complex-formation indicate that the Co–O (O, phenolic oxygen) bonds increase their ionic character as compared with those of the metallized phenolazoacetoacetanilides.
The splitting of the A band in the spectra of metallized 2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenylazoacetoacetbenzylamide is possibly to be attributed to the polarization of the M–O (O, phenolic oxygen) bond by the electron-withdrawing nitro group.
The Activation of Platinum Electrodes by Preoxidation
Authors: Shibata Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The decay of the activity of bright platinum electrodes activated by means both of electrolytic and chemical preoxidations have been studied under a hydrogen atmosphere.
The life of the activity has been shown to depend upon the extent of the oxidation of the surface in the pretreatment. The structural change of surfare caused by the preoxidation appears to be responsibe for the enhanced activity.
The Concentration of Molecular Hydrogen on the Platinum Cathode
Authors: Shibata Shigeo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The concentration of molecular hydrogen in the vicinity of the bright platinum cathode during electrolysis was determined as a function of current density by means of two different methods, the potential-time curve on the reversal of current from cathodic to anodic, and the concentration overpotential obtained by extrapolating the decay curve of the overpotential to zero time, free from other overpotentials. The agreement between the results for the concentration derived from the potential-time curve and from the concentration overpotential was satisfactory. It was found that the concentration of hydrogen increased with the increasing ik value and approached a limiting value of 11.6×10−2 mol./l. for cathodic currents exceeding about ik=300 mamp./cm2.
The Kinetics of Substitution Reactions Involving Metal Complexes. VIII. Reaction between Copper(II) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetatocobaltate(II) Complexes in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Tanaka Nobuyuki , Osawa Hisao , Kamada Minoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetic study of the substitution reaction of copper(II) ions and cobalt(II)-EDTA complexes in acetate buffer solutions has been carried out with the same procedure as that reported previously. The reaction was found to proceed, under the experimental conditions, through three simultaneous reaction paths similar to those found in the substitution reaction of copper(II) ions and lead(II)-EDTA complexes. The rate constants for three elementary reactions of those reaction paths were determined at ionic strength 0.2 at 5 and 15°C. A reaction path in which the dissociation of cobalt(II)-EDTA complex is rate-determining was not observed in this substitution reaction.
The Angular Dependency of the ESR Proton Hyperfine Coupling Constant of the CH2 Group
Authors: Morokuma Keiji , Fukui Kenichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Valence-bond calculations of the angular dependency of the proton coupling constants of the methylene group in the ESR spectra have been carried out. If the rotation of the group is the only type of deformation, the cos2θ rule by McConnell seems to be valid. If the rocking of the group takes place, however, the angular dependency is entirely different from the cos2θ rule, and the deformation angle based on the rocking model is much smaller than that derived by the cos2θ rule. This finding has been applied to the unequal coupling constants of the two methylene protons of the allyl-type radical in polyethylene.
The Dissolution and Anion Exchange Behavior of Rare Earth and Other Metallic Elements in Potassium Bicarbonate, Potassium Carbonate and Ammonium Carbonate Solutions
Authors: Taketatsu Tomitsugu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The amounts of rare earth ions dissolved in a potassium bicarbonate solution, as well as those of other metallic ions dissolved in potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate solutions, have been measured. Moreover, the minimum concentrations of potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate required to dissolve the precipitates of the metallic bicarbonate and carbonate completely has been determined, and the distribution coefficients, Kd, of the completely dissolved metallic ions between an anion exchange resin and a potassium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate or ammonium carbonate solution had been measured. On the basis of those findings, the dissolution and anion exchange behavior of the metallic ions has been discussed, and the applicability to an analytical separation has been described.
Formation of Ion-pair Cr3+–SO42− in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Tsuchiya Ryokichi , Umayahara Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) By measuring the conductivity of the solution of hexa-aquochromium(III) sulfate and potassium-chrome alum, the formation constant of the ion-pair [Cr(H2O)6]SO4+ has been calculated.
2) By measuring the pH, ion exchange separation and electrical conductivity of the heated solution of potassium-chrome alum and of the solution of the alum heated in the solid state, their ion compositions have been deduced.
Appreciation is expressed to Messrs. Teruyoshi Fujishima and Tosuke Imamura for their help in the determination of the electrical conductivity.
The Radiolysis and Photolysis of Cycloheptatriene
Authors: Arai Shigeyoshi , Maemori Michio , Yamaguchi Kenji , Shida Shoji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) In the photosensitized reaction of cycloheptatriene vapor, toluene was produced as the result of isomerization. The amount of toluene formation decreases as the pressure of cycloheptatriene increases. Isomerization to toluene proceeds through the excited molecule, which may be collisionally deactivated.
2) The ESR experiments at low temperatures show that cycloheptatrienyl radicals are formed by electron irradiation. However, the yield of the radical formation is low, nearly equal to that of benzene.
3) In the radiolysis of liquid cycloheptatriene the G values of the gaseous products and toluene are very small. The G value of the polymer seems to suggest the low yield of the radical formation at the initial step. We concluded that the major part of the absorbed energy results in the formation of the excited molecule, the electronic energy of which is readily converted to thermal energy.
The Polymerization Reaction of Sodium Phosphate
Authors: Nakagaki Masayuki , Inoue Hiroshi , Fujie Tadao , Ohashi Shigeru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two kinds of polymerization reactions, the condensation polymerization of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate anhydrate (NaH2PO4) and the ring-opening polymerization of sodium trimetaphosphate, have been compared by determining the average degree of polymerization of the whole molecule, \barn0, and of each branch, \barn∞, and the average number of branches, B, per molecule.
As a result, it has been concluded that the remarkable difference between these two reactions can be explained by simultaneous polymerization and depolymerization during the heating. In the case of the condensation polymerization, the polymerization process is more important because the removal of water needs much heating, while, in the case of the ring-opening polymerization, the depolymerization process is more important because the polymerization is completed almost immediately after the material is melted.
The Redetermination of the Crystal and Molecular Structure of Chloral Hydrate
Authors: Ogawa Kazuhide 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The crystal structure of chloral hydrate has been redetermined by the two-dimensional Fourier method and the least-squares method on the NEAC-2203 computer. It is monoclinic and belongs to the P21/c space group, with four molecules in a cell of the dimensions a=11.50,b=6.04,c=9.60Å and β=120.0°. The molecular structure of chloral hydrate is of the gem-dihydroxy compound type with the two OH groups in the staggered gauche-position referred to the adjacent C–Cl3 group. The molecules of chloral hydrate in the crystal are held together mainly by the van der Waals attraction of Cl…Cl and by the bifurcated hydrogen bonds of (Remark: Graphics omitted.). As a result of differential thermal analysis, a high-temperature phase has been found between 53.6° and the melting point, which was ascertained by X-ray diffraction powder patterns. Some of the molecules of chloral hydrate appear to dissociate into water and chloral and attain equilibrium with them. This is inferred from infrared study and from the chemical reactivity with the Schiff reagent.
The Photochemical Decomposition of α, α-Diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in Solution. I. A Kinetic Study of the Reaction
Authors: Suzuki Atuo , Takahasi Makoto , Shiomi Kengo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Studies of the photochemical decomposition of DPPH in solution have been made by the kinetic method.
1) The decomposition proceeds by means of the light in the region of the first absorption band of DPPH (λmax=520mμ), and the decomposition rate has a linear dependence on the amount of light absorbed.
2) A rate expression fitting the kinetic experiment has been obtained, and this expression has been compared with the rate expession derived on the basis of the possible reaction mechanism, which includes the process of the reaction of an excited DPPH with another, normal DPPH.
3) An increase in the rate with the reaction temperature has been observed in the temperature range10∼50°C, and the two constants determined in the experiment have been related to the rate constants of the elementary processes in the proposed reaction mechanism.
Studies of the Drawing of Polyamide Fibers. II. The Drawing of Heat-treated Nylon Monofilaments
Authors: Hattori Hiroshi , Takagi Yasuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of the structure of an undrawn sample on the change in physical properties upon drawing, undrawn nylon monofilaments were drawn to various draw ratios after having been heat-treated at several temperatures; some properties, such as tensile strength, shrinkage in boiling water and specific gravity, were then measured on these drawn samples. Although the minimum of tensile strength observed at the draw ratio near 2 had a tendency to disappear upon the heat-treatment of an undrawn sample, the strength did not increase in the range of a low draw ratio. When an undrawn sample was heat-treated above 150°C, a maximum appeared at a draw ratio near 2 in the plot of shrinkage in boiling water against the draw ratio. The higher the heat-treating temperature of an undrawn sample, the greater the maximum of shrinkage. The specific gravity decreased during drawing when the undrawn sample was of a rather high crystallinity, but it increased when the undrawn sample was of a low crystallinity. These results have been discussed, and it has been suggested that the polymer structure becomes most unstable at the intermediate stage of drawing.
Thermal and Radiation Oxidations of Benzene to Phenol in Aqueous Solutions Containing Metal Ions at Elevated Temperatures. I. The Thermal Behavior of Iron Sulfate and Chloride in Aqueous Solutions without Benzene
Authors: Hotta Hiroshi , Suzuki Nobutake 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The rate of the ferrous oxidation at 150°C is 6.10×10−4sec−1 for sulfate, and 2.78×10−4sec−1 for chloride at the oxygen pressure of 30 atm. The precipitation reaction of iron species is through hydrolyzed ferric ions even in the ferrous solution. The rate of precipitation for ferric sulfate is given in Fig. 7, with the activation energy of 12.5 kcal./mol. The precipitate is amorphous at 100°C and completely α-Fe2O3 at 200°C.
Decomposition of Peroxybenzoic Acid in Solution. IV. Decomposition in Solvents in the Presence of Radical-Generators
Authors: Tokumaru Katsumi , Inamoto Naoki , Simamura Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The decomposition of peroxybenzoic acid in solvents was accelerated in the presence of radical-generators such as α,α′-azobisisobutyronitrile and isobutyryl peroxide. This acceleration was ascribed to the induced decomposition of peroxybenzoic acid by radicals formed directly or indirectly from these radical-generators.
Studies of the Solvent Extraction of Zirconium-95 in the Tribenzylamine-Hydrochloric Acid System
Authors: Omori Takashi , Suzuki Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The extraction process of zirconium-95 from hydrochloric acid solutions tribenzylamine is shown by the following reactions:
ZrCl62−+2RCl\ightleftharpoonsR2ZrCl6+2Cl−
followed by the reaction of the above species with TBA-Cl in a chloroform solution:
R2ZrCl6+2RCl\ightleftharpoonsR2ZrCl6·2RCl
The main extractable species of zirconium, ZrCl62−, is formed from the zirconyl ions:
Zr(OH)2Cln(2−n)++2H++(6−n)Cl−\ightleftharpoonsZrCl62−+2H2O
On the basis of the present results and of previously reported data on niobium extraction, some information with respect to the optimum conditions for the separation of zirconium and niobium have been given.
Studies on Antibiotics and Related Substances. XVIII. The Synthesis of 5-Methyl-2-methylenecyclopentanone-3-carboxylic Acid, an Antitumor Substance, and Related Mannich Bases
Authors: Kinoshita Mitsuhiro , Nakada Saburo , Umezawa Sumio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The Mannich reaction of 5-methylcyclopentanone-3-carboxylic acid with formaldehyde and dimethylamine hydrochloride gave a mixture of 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-methylcyclopentanone-3-carboxylic acid (VI) and two kinds of geometrical isomers of 5-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-methylcyclopentanone-3-carboxylic acid (IIa and IIb), from which IIa, an unstable methiodide (VII) of methyl ester of VI, and IIb were isolated.
2) Methyl 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-methylcyclopentanone-3-carboxylate methiodide (VIII) was degraded to give methyl 5-methyl-2-methylencylopentanone-3-carboxylate (IX), which was then hydrolyzed to 5-methyl-2-methyleneclycopentanone-3-carboxylic acid (X), a homolog of sarkomycin.
3) The steric relation between IIa and IIb has been discussed.
4) The destructive distillation of methyl 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-5-methylcyclopentan-one-3-carboxylate (VII), followed by hydrolysis, afforded 2,5-dimethylcyclopenten-1-one-3-carboxylic acid (XII), an isomer of X. It was found that the product was obtained also by the thermal decomposition of the methyl ester hydrochloride of IIa. This funding may be accounted for on the assumption that a rearrangement of the dimethylaminomethyl group occurred through a kind of retrograde Mannich reaction.
5) Some derivatives of the above-mentioned Mannich bases were described.
6) Both X and its methyl ester were found to possess antitumor and antibacterial activities.
Oxidation of Alcohols by Cerium(IV). II. Oxidation of Methanol by Ceric Sulfate
Authors: Muhammad S S , Rao K Vijayachander 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The oxidation of methanol by cerie sulfate in sulfuric acid solutions was studied in the temperature range 40∼70°C. The rate of oxidation depended directly on the concentration of cerium(IV) and methanol. At constant ionic strength the rate was directly dependent on the concentration of sulfuric acid. But when the ionic strength is not maintained, the rate changes inversely with sulfuric acid. At constant acid concentration, a negative salt effect is observed. The reaction occurs without the intermediate formation of a complex. The activation energy was derived to be 26300 cal. mol−1. It has been shown that the mechanism of Waters for the oxidation of α-hydroxyacids by manganese pyrophosphate can be used to explain the present data.
The Synthesis and Ring-opening Polymerization of N-Substituted 2-Iminotetrahydrofurans
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Sato Kenichiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various N-substituted 2-iminotetrahydrofurans are prepared from 2,2-diethoxytetrahydrofuran and corresponding amines.
N-Substituted 2-iminotetrahydrofurans give N-substituted polyamides by ring-opening polymerization when treated with a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride etherate.
On the other hand, 2-methylenetetrahydrofuran undergoes mainly a vinyl-type polymerization.