bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity between obesity and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Population study with 13–15‐year‐olds
Authors: Rojo Luis , Ruiz Elías , Domínguez José Alberto , Calaf Myralys , Livianos Lorenzo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractObjective:This study analyzes whether obese children have a higher risk of attention deficit/hyperactivity “characteristics” (AD/HD) than do children with other nutritional states.Method:This study included 35,403 participants from 486 community schools. They completed the AD/HD scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and were weighed and measured. 2879 of the participants were obese and 78 were morbidly obese (BMI >40).Results:A discrete, nonsignificant, increment was found in the AD/HD characteristics of male participants with morbid obesity, as compared with the other nutritional states. Among morbidly obese females, the prevalence of AD/HD characteristics was slightly superior, although not significantly, to that found in participants with normal weight, overweight or obese (BMI <40).Conclusion:Among nonclinical populations with a communitarian origin, previous findings reporting high rates of AD/HD in obese children are not replicated. This increment in the prevalence of AD/HD among hospitalized obese children could be the result of selection bias. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
Familial and sociopsychopathological risk factors for suicide attempt in bulimic and in depressed women: Prospective study
Authors: Nickel Marius K. , Simek Marietta , Lojewski Niluefer , Muehlbacher Moritz , Fartacek Reinhold , Kettler Christian , Bachler Egon , Egger Christoph , Rother Nadine , Buschmann Wiebke , Gil Francisco Pedrosa , Kaplan Patrick , Mitterlehner Ferdinand O. , Anvar Javaid , Rother Wolfhardt K. , Loew Thomas H. , Nickel Cerstin 
Published: April 2006

AbstractObjectiveThis study was carried out to examine sociopsychopathological predictors of prospective observed suicide attempts in bulimic women purging type without comorbid major depression (BNG) at the time of study entry and in woman with major depression without comorbid eating disorder at the time of study entry (MDG).MethodsData from 28 BNG (age 23.5 ± 3.6) and 126 MDG women (age 33.4 ± 5.1) who had attempted suicide during 12 months' monitoring were compared.ResultsA univariate comparison of the two groups revealed various differences. Analysis of risk factors for suicide attempts using stepwise logistic regression was conducted separately for each group. The derived logistic models showed that patients from the BNG group had a history of higher incidence of sexual abuse in childhood, as well as abuse of laxatives and illicit drugs; they also lacked orientation in life, felt lonely despite family and friends, tended to direct their anger outward, and were unable to relax.ConclusionsSociopsychopathological risk factors for suicide attempts in the BNG and MDG appear to vary. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006
Chrominance signal interpolation of YUV 4:2:0 format color images
Authors: Sugita Hiroshi , Taguchi Akira 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe YUV 4:2:0 format is a representative format for color images in international standards. In this format, both color difference components U and V reduce the number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions by one‐half. Consequently, this reduction degrades the color difference components. At a relatively high bit rate, the degradation produced by reducing the number of pixels is often worse than the degradation that depends on the coding. Thus, processing to compensate for the degradation due to the format transform becomes necessary. The pixels of the color difference components reduced once on the encoding side are determined by interpolation on the decoding side. The typical interpolation methods are bilinear interpolation, bicubic interpolation, and interpolation by a finite impulse response (FIR) filter. When these interpolation methods were applied to interpolate the color difference components in the YUV 4:2:0 format, blur and lower saturation were produced in the colors in the color difference components returned to the original number of pixels. In this paper, we propose a method that uses information in the luminance component not having a reduced number of pixels to interpolate the color difference components in the YUV 4:2:0 format. Consequently, color blurring is prevented in the edges of the image, and an objective is to improve the saturation in the entire image. We based the proposed method on bilinear interpolation and bicubic interpolation, and formulated an interpolation method using the luminance component as an extended form. The proposed method and the bicubic interpolation are compared in both objective and subjective evaluations, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 1–10, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20218
Multiple model‐based reinforcement learning for nonlinear control
Authors: Samejima Kazuyuki , Katagiri Ken'Ichi , Doya Kenji , Kawato Mitsuo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThis paper proposes a reinforcement learning scheme using multiple prediction models (multiple model‐based reinforcement learning, MMRL). MMRL prepares multiple pairs, consisting of the prediction model used to predict the future state of the control object and the reinforcement learning controller used to learn the control output. Using a soft‐max function of the prediction error of each prediction model, the “responsibility signal” is calculated, which takes a larger value for the module with a more accurate prediction. By weighting the learning and the control output of each module by means of the responsibility signal, modules to deal with various situations are formed. In order to achieve a robust modular structure of MMRL without a priori knowledge, such as the number of modules and the region to be covered, a prior responsibility signal is formulated, assuming spatial and temporal continuity. As a method for efficient implementation of MMRL, an optimal controller (MLQC) based on multiple linear prediction and quadratic reward models is formulated. In order to verify the performance of MLQC, a simulation was performed on the swing‐up of a single pendulum. It was shown that the linear prediction model and the corresponding controller were acquired by learning for the range near the suspended point and upright point of the single pendulum. The task can be learned in a shorter time than in the conventional method, and it is possible to handle redundancy of modules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 54–69, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20266
Symbolization and imitation learning of motion sequence using competitive modules
Authors: Samejima Kazuyuki , Katagiri Ken'Ichi , Doya Kenji , Kawato Mituo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn this research the authors evaluate a new method for control using several prediction models and recognition of movement series. In MOSAIC (MOdule Selection And Identification for Control), which uses a prediction model with several modules as proposed by Wolpert and Kawato (1998), a module that pairs a prediction model which predicts the future state to be controlled and a controller are switched and assembled based on the size of the prediction error in the prediction model. The authors propose a method using MOSAIC to divide continuous time patterns for human or robot movement into their constituent parts as several series of movement elements. Moreover, the authors evaluate a method to recognize movement patterns of another person using one's own module and imitation learning based on this method. From the results of simulations of acrobot control, the authors show that symbolization of movement patterns and imitation learning based on that are possible. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 42–53, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20267
Development and evaluation of drum learning support system based on rhythm and drumming form
Authors: Tsuji Yasuhiko , Nishitaka Atsuhiro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractDrumming form when performing is important for a good performance and for creating good sound from the drums themselves when playing drums. The authors attempted to create a performance support system for drums from the standpoint of improving form in order to improve performance ability in performers indirectly by improving form. In this paper the authors developed a drum learning support system that can provide feedback on rhythm lapses, drum form lapses, hand stroke amplitude, and striking strength. They then performed evaluation experiments using 24 inexperienced drummers. The results confirmed performance improvements due to feedback on rhythm. Moreover, a subjective evaluation questionnaire given to three experienced drummers resulted in positive evaluations: “the system was useful for improving one's sense of rhythm” and “the system was useful for practicing striking strength, as in accents.” © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 11–21, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20275
VFS on VFS: A flexible usage of file systems on UNIX
Authors: Takeuchi Ikkyu Kazumi , Nakayama Yasuichi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn a UNIX‐type operating system, the VFS mechanism enables multiple different file systems to be used on one computer. However, when the VFS mechanism is used, the various file systems must be discriminated by using individual directories. Therefore, multiple file systems cannot normally be mounted on one directory and used properly. As a result, file systems having various features such as NFS or tmpfs are not used efficiently enough. In the current research, the authors respond to this problem by proposing the TAKFS file system, which superimposes the name spaces of multiple arbitrary file systems in the same directory to enable those file systems to be handled trans‐parently. TAKFS transparently and automatically apportions actual files among the various file systems according to a combination of parameters and settings made in advance by each user indicating the files that are to be placed in each file system. If TAKFS is used, a flexible and extremely convenient system can be constructed by using currently existing file systems without changing them at all. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 22–33, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20276
Research on routing consistency in the Internet routing registry
Authors: Nagahashi Kengo , Esaki Hiroshi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractAn IRR (Internet Routing Registry) is a database for registering routes on the Internet or AS numbers. However, there are indications that the data recorded in the IRRs are not correctly updated and do not correctly reflect the actual situation on the Internet. Accordingly, this research evaluated (1) the consistency of IRRs with actual Internet routing information and (2) differences in consistency among IRRs. Specifically, route objects in an IRR and actual BGP routing information were compared using Exact Match and Best Match methods. As a result it became clear that the Exact Match registration rate was low, while the Best Match registration rate was high. Furthermore, an evaluation of the utility of the Best Match method was able to show numerically that the correctness of the data varies greatly among the IRRs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 89(9): 34–41, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20277
Numerical analyses of high‐beta spherical tokamaks with varied elongation
Authors: Ogawa Toru , Kimura Toshiro , Ono Yasushi 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe effect of plasma elongation on the second‐stable spherical tokamak (ST) was numerically studied using the experimentally measured pressure and current profiles of ultrahigh‐beta STs. The maximum beta of ST over 50% was obtained in the TS‐3 ST/CT experiment by applying an external toroidal field to an FRC. It was found that the marginal beta for the ballooning instability increased with the plasma elongation κ of ST. The elongated STs with κ > 2 have the magnetic shear (S)–pressure gradient (α) profiles located in the second‐stable regime for the ballooning mode and the stability margin increased with κ. The close relation between the absolute minimum‐B profile and the second stability was documented. The effect of elongation on maximum beta was observed to saturate when κ exceed 3, indicating that the optimized elongation for high‐beta STs is located around 2 < κ < 3. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 1–6, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20132
A novel prototype of auxiliary edge resonant bridge leg link snubber‐assisted soft‐switching sine‐wave PWM inverter
Authors: Nakamura Mantaro , Yamazaki Takayuki , Fujii Yuma , Ahmed Tarek , Nakaoka Mutsuo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThis paper proposes a new circuit topology of the three‐phase soft‐switching PWM inverter and PFC converter using IGBT power modules, which has the improved active auxiliary switch and edge resonant bridge leg‐commutation‐link soft‐switching snubber circuit with pulse current regenerative feedback loop as compared with the typical auxiliary resonant pole snubber discussed previously. This three‐phase soft‐switching PWM double converter is more suitable and acceptable for a large‐capacity uninterruptible power supply, PFC converter, utility‐interactive bidirectional converter, and so forth. In this paper, the soft‐switching operation and optimum circuit design of the novel type active auxiliary edge resonant bridge leg commutation link snubber treated here are described for high‐power applications. Both the main active power switches and the auxiliary active power switches achieve soft switching under the principles of ZVS or ZCS in this three‐phase inverter switching. This three‐phase soft‐switching commutation scheme can effectively minimize the switching surge‐related electromagnetic noise and the switching power losses of the power semiconductor devices; IGBTs and modules used here. This three‐phase inverter and rectifier coupled double converter system does not need any sensing circuit and its peripheral logic control circuits to detect the voltage or the current and does not require any unwanted chemical electrolytic capacitor to make the neutral point of the DC power supply voltage source. The performances of this power conditioner are proved on the basis of the experimental and simulation results. Because the power semiconductor switches (IGBT module packages) have a trade‐off relation in the switching fall time and tail current interval characteristics as well as the conductive saturation voltage characteristics, this three‐phase soft‐switching PWM double converter can improve actual efficiency in the output power ranges with a trench gate controlled MOS power semiconductor device which is much improved regarding low saturation voltage. The effectiveness of this is verified from a practical point of view. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 64–76, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20207
Control methods and compensation characteristics of a series active filter for neutral conductor
Authors: Inoue Shigenori , Wada Keiji , Shimizu Toshihisa 
Published: April 2006

AbstractWith an increase in the number of electronic devices, such as personal computers, connected to power distribution lines in commercial buildings, problems associated with their use, such as voltage distortion on utility outlets and excessive neutral current on the distribution lines, become more and more serious. This paper shows control methods and compensation characteristics of series active filters connected to the neutral conductor. The distinctive functions of the proposed active filter are the mitigation of third harmonic voltage and the reduction of neutral current in three‐phase four‐wire distribution systems. The required kVA rating of the proposed active filter is less than 10% of that of the harmonic producing leads. A control method of the DC capacitor voltage on the active filter circuit is also described. It was experimentally demonstrated that one of these two functions of the active filter (to mitigate harmonics or to reduce the neutral current) can be realized selectively and that the DC capacitor voltage of the active filter can be regulated to a desired value. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 53–63, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20227
Protection relay system using information network for distribution system with DGs
Authors: Okuyama Kenji , Kato Takeyoshi , Suzuoki Yasuo , Funabashi Toshihisa 
Published: April 2006

AbstractWe propose a new protection scheme for selective and quick disconnection of a fault area in a distribution system, which can be flexibly adopted for a large‐scale introduction of distributed generators (DGs). When a fault occurs, relays provide a binary state signal which is activated if, for instance, the current at the corresponding relay location exceeds a certain value. Although each relay cannot locate the fault point with only its own signal, it can locate the fault by utilizing signals from other relays together with its own signal. Because only a binary state signal is transmitted instead of the actual physical variable such as the magnitude of the fault current, the network traffic is much less than when a conventional protection scheme for a transmission system using an information system is applied to a distribution system. The following are the main results of a simulation on our proposed protection scheme: (1) the proposed protection scheme can successfully disconnect only a fault feeder when the relays use signals provided from the sending end of the fault feeder and all other DGs on the same feeder, (2) in the case of a fault on a DG connected feeder, the DG can be disconnected within 0.06 s. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 30–35, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20232
Levitation force assist through LSM armature currents in superconducting maglev vehicle
Authors: Sakamoto Tetsuzo , Kobayashi Toshihiro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn a superconducting maglev vehicle, levitation forces produced by the interaction between the ground levitation coils and the onboard SCMs become insufficient when the running speed is low. This paper presents a levitation force assist method through the control of LSM armature currents, which usually function to generate propulsion forces. The levitation assist system is constructed in terms of d‐axis armature currents, leading to the definition of the vertical force coefficient of propulsion system. The calculated results show the feasibility of the system, which produces damping forces as well as levitation assist forces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 45–52, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20260
Application study of a high‐temperature superconducting fault current limiter for electric power system
Authors: Shimizu Iwao , Naito Yuji , Yamaguchi Iwao , Kaiho Katsuyuki , Yanabu Satoru 
Published: April 2006

AbstractUsing high‐temperature superconductors, a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) was fabricated and tested. The superconductor and a vacuum interrupter serving as a commutation switch were connected in parallel with a bypass coil. When a fault occurs and excessive current flows, the superconductor is first quenched and the current is transferred to the bypass coil because of the voltage drop of the superconductor. At the same time, since a magnetic field is generated by the current flowing in the bypass coil, the commutation switch is immediately driven by an electromagnetic repulsion plate connected to the driving rod of the vacuum interrupter (VI), and the superconductor is separated from this circuit. Using the test model, we were able to separate the superconductor from the circuit by the movement of the VI within a half current cycle and to transfer all current to the bypass coil. Since the operation of the commutation switch is included in the current limiting operation of this test model, it will be a useful circuit in the development of SFCL in the future. Moreover, since it can make the energy consumption of the superconductor small during the fault state due to the realization of a high‐speed switch with simple composition, the burden on the superconductor is reduced compared with the conventional resistive type of SFCL and it is considered that the flexibility of SFCL design is increased. Cooperation with a circuit breaker was also considered; trial calculations of the parameters and energy of operation were conducted and a discussion of the installation of the SFCL in an electric power system is presented. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 20–29, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20265
Study on method to detect loss of synchronism using bus voltage and line current measured on a line using power system simulator
Authors: Takaoka Masaomi , Kiuchi Toru , Sato Masahiro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA severe fault may cause loss of synchronism of a small number of generators. And it may take many generators out of service resulting in a wide area blackout. When two groups of generators lose synchronism, the magnitude of voltage on some lines becomes zero. Therefore, an approach whereby lines with zero voltage are opened has been employed in order to prevent loss of synchronism from extension. This paper presents a new method using voltage and current measured on a line during disturbance to detect the line with zero voltage at the instant when loss of synchronism takes place. A method to detect loss of synchronism using voltage and current measured on a line was already proposed. This paper presents results of the tests performed using a power system simulator which is composed of a DC motor, a synchronous generator, artificial transmission line, circuit breaker equipment, and so on. The validity of the proposed methods was verified by finding loss of synchronism correctly. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 155(4): 7–19, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20346