bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Fixed Dose Rate Gemcitabine With Cisplatin for Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Pancreas
Authors: Ko Andrew H. , Dito Elizabeth , Schillinger Brian , Venook Alan P. , Bergsland Emily K. , Tempero Margaret A. 
Published: December 2005

Purpose Although gemcitabine remains the standard of care for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, additional improvements may be realized by combining therapeutic agents with synergistic activity, and optimizing drug delivery using pharmacokinetic principles such as fixed dose rate (FDR) infusion. The objectives of this study were to determine safety and efficacy in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated with FDR gemcitabine in combination with low-dose cisplatin. Patients and Methods Chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with a combination of gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 at 10 mg/m2/min together with cisplatin 20 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. Patient follow-up was performed using computerized tomographic scans and serial CA 19-9 measurements. Results A total of 51 patients were enrolled onto the study, with a median follow-up time of 215 days. Twenty-two of 40 patients (55.0%) with a baseline serum CA 19-9 level ≥ 2× the upper limit of normal demonstrated a ≥ 50% biomarker decline during treatment. Nine of 47 patients (19.1%) with measurable disease achieved a partial response, and 28 patients (59.6%) had disease stabilization for at least two treatment cycles. Median time to progression was 3.9 months and median survival was 7.1 months, with an estimated 1-year survival rate of 29%. The most frequently reported grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (52.9%) and thrombocytopenia (15.7%). Most patients were switched to an every-other-week dosing schedule. Conclusion The combination of FDR gemcitabine and cisplatin is well tolerated and appears to be an acceptable, albeit not clearly superior, alternative to other gemcitabine/platinum regimens for the treatment of metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Gene Expression Profiling of Localized Esophageal Carcinomas: Association With Pathologic Response to Preoperative Chemoradiation
Authors: Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Wu Tsung-Teh , Luthra Madan G. , Izzo Julie , Lopez-Alvarez Enrique , Zhang Li , Bailey Jaime , Lee Jeffrey H. , Bresalier Robert , Rashid Asif , Swisher Stephen G. , Ajani Jaffer A. 
Published: December 2005

Purpose Patients with localized esophageal carcinoma have a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%. Patients are often treated similarly (ie, with preoperative chemoradiotherapy) but the outcomes vary greatly. Chemoradiotherapy and surgery can result in significant undesirable consequences. Currently, however, there are no tools to help select optimum therapy. We hypothesized that gene expression profiling could provide clues and biomarkers for selection of therapy. Methods Pretreatment endoscopic cancer biopsies from 19 patients (16 with adenocarcinoma, two with squamous cell carcinoma, and one with adenosquamous carcinoma) enrolled onto a preoperative chemoradiotherapy protocol were profiled using oligonucleotide microarrays. Surgical specimens following therapy were assessed for the degree of pathologic response. On the basis of array data, selected genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Results Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis segregated the cancers into two molecular subtypes, each consisting 10 and nine specimens, respectively. Most cancers (five of six) that had pathologic complete response (pathCR) clustered in molecular subtype I. Subtype II, with one exception, consisted cancers that had less than pathCR (< pathCR). Using a combination marker approach, levels of PERP, S100A2, and SPRR3 allowed discrimination of pathCR from < pathCR with high sensitivity and specificity (85%). Pathway analysis identified apoptotic pathway as one of the key functions downregulated in molecular type II in comparison with type I. Conclusion These encouraging, albeit preliminary, data suggest that expression profiling may distinguish cancers with different pathologic outcome. This is the first report to show subtypes of esophageal cancers with distinct molecular signatures. The potential of PERP, S100A2, and SPRR3 as biomarkers of pathCR warrants further validation.
Multi-pH Monte Carlo Simulation of Coil–Globule Transition of Weak Polyelectrolyte
Authors: Yamaguchi Tsuyoshi , Kiuchi Takahiro , Matsuoka Tatsuro , Koda Shinobu 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
A generalized ensemble Monte Carlo simulation method that enables one to simulate open systems under various chemical potentials in a single run is applied to the pH titration of weak polyelectrolytes. The free energy profile has a double-minimum structure as the function of the ionization degree in poor solvents, indicating the change in the ionization degree that resembles a first-order phase transition. The two minima correspond to the less-charged globular state and the charged coil state. The structures of the polymer in the instable region of the ionization degree are investigated in detail. Results show that the conformation of the transition state consists of one blob and one or two strings. In addition to the structural inhomogeneity, a heterogeneous distribution of the charge is found there.
Paramagnetic Semiconductors: Hybrid Molecular Materials Based on Ethyl- and Methyl-pyridinium-Substituted Verdazyl Radical Cations and the Ni(dmit)2 Anion (dmit = 1,3-Dithiol-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate)
Authors: Mukai Kazuo , Shiba Daisuke , Yoshida Kenji , Mukai Kyohei , Hisatou Hiroyuki , Ohara Keishi , Hosokoshi Yuko , Azuma Nagao 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Four kinds of 1:1 salts of 3-(4- and 3-alkyl-pyridinium)-1,5-diphenylverdazyl (alkyl = ethyl and methyl) radical cations with the Ni(dmit)2 anion ([p-EtPyDV]+[Ni(dmit)2]− (1), [m-EtPyDV]+[Ni(dmit)2]− (2), [p-MePyDV]+[Ni(dmit)2]− (3), and [m-MePyDV]+[Ni(dmit)2]− (4)) have been prepared. The magnetic properties of salts 1–4 were discussed based on the results obtained by magnetic susceptibility and ESR measurements of 1–4 and the crystal structure analysis of 1. The results of the crystal structure analysis of salt 1 indicate the dimer formation in Ni(dmit)2 anion molecules, and the dimers are sandwiched between two verdazyl cations [p-EtPyDV]+, indicating the formation of a magnetic linear tetramer in 1. The magnetic susceptibility data for salt 1 have been fitted to a four-spin linear tetramer model using an end exchange interaction of 2J1/kB = −780 K and a central interaction of 2J2/kB = −200 K. The conductivity (σ) of salts 1, 2, 3, and 4 at room temperature was σ = 2.3 × 10−5, 1.8 × 10−4, 1.4 × 10−5, and 5.4 × 10−6 S cm−1 with an activation energy of EA = 0.28, 0.52, 0.21, and 0.33 eV, respectively. The 1:1 salts 1–4 are new molecular paramagnetic semiconductors.
Theoretical Study on the Disproportionation Reaction of Nickel(II) Mixed-Ligand Complexes Containing N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine, Benzoylacetonate, and a Halide Anion
Authors: Miyamoto Keiko , Takano Keiko , Fukuda Yutaka 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Density functional theory, B3LYP/CEP-31G calculations, were performed on nickel(II) complexes comprising N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen), benzoylacetonate (bzac), and a halide anion (X), Ni(tmen)(bzac)X·n(H2O) (n = 1–4, X = Cl−, Br−, and I−). Fully optimized geometries of [Ni(bzac)2(tmen)], [NiCl(bzac)(tmen)(H2O)], and [Ni(bzac)(tmen)(H2O)2]+ are all in good agreement with crystallographic data. This series of nickel(II) complexes shows a disproportionation reaction in a non-polar and rather inert solvent, such as 1,2-dichloroethane and acetone, accompanied by highly contrasting color changes of the solutions. Also, the presence of an intermediate compound has been confirmed. A possible reaction mechanism of this reaction as well as the structure of the intermediate compound are discussed.
Steric Effect of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol as Hydrogen-Bond Donor on Outer-Sphere Complexation in the Synergistic Extraction of Aluminium(III) and Gallium(III) with 2,4-Pentanedione
Authors: Imura Hisanori , Namai Tatsunori , Ishimori Ken-ichiro , Hayashi Sumiko , Ohashi Akira , Ohashi Kousaburo 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The synergistic extraction of aluminium(III) and gallium(III) with 2,4-pentanedione (Hacac) in heptane from a weakly acidic solution was investigated in the presence of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenol (BTMP). A large enhancement of the extraction of metal(III) was ascribed to the formation of outer-sphere complexes between metal(III) chelates and BTMP in the organic phase. Furthermore, an IR study demonstrated that the outer-sphere complexes were formed by the hydrogen bond between the hydroxy hydrogen atom of BTMP and the oxygen atoms of metal(III) chelates. The formation constants of the outer-sphere complexes with BTMP were determined and compared with those with 3,5-dichlorophenol (DCP) to understand the steric effect of the phenol derivative in this synergistic extraction. The bulky trifluoromethyl-group of BTMP and the short oxygen–oxygen nonbonded distance of Al(acac)3 resulted in a steric repulsion between two BTMP molecules to prevent the formation of Al(acac)3·3BTMP, although Al(acac)3·3DCP, Ga(acac)3·3BTMP, and Ga(acac)3·3DCP could be formed. Such a steric effect on outer-sphere complexation improves the separation efficiency between aluminium(III) and gallium(III) in the present synergistic extraction.
Synthesis of 11H-Indolo[3,2-c]quinoline Derivatives Carrying a Substituent at the 6-Position
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuhiro , Izumi Yusuke , Hayashi Kazutaka , Morikawa Osamu , Konishi Hisatoshi 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
A convenient synthesis of 11H-indolo[3,2-c]quinolines carrying a substituent, such as 1-hydroxyalkyl, 1-alkoxyalkyl, or 1-(dialkylamino)alkyl, at the 6-position by electrophile-mediated cyclization reactions of 2-(2-isocyanophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole is described.
Chemistry of Anthracene–Acetylene Oligomers. II. Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of 1,8-Anthrylene–Ethynylene Cyclic Tetramers and Related Acyclic Oligomers
Authors: Toyota Shinji , Goichi Michio , Kotani Masashi , Takezaki Makoto 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The title π-conjugated oligomers consisting of anthracene and acetylene units were synthesized to construct a new type of three-dimensional organic architecture. An acyclic chain was extended by the sequence of the Sonogashira coupling and the desilylation from 1,8-diethynylanthracene derivatives and 1,8-diiodoanthracene to form a tetramer, which was then coupled intramolecularly to afford a cyclic tetramer as orange crystals. It is characteristic that a substituent free cyclic tetramer shows the hypochromic effect in the UV spectrum and the presence of an excimer-type emission in the fluorescence spectrum. X-ray analysis revealed that the cyclic tetramer took a diamond prism structure of nearly C2 symmetry, and the skeletal swing between the two enantiomeric forms via a square prism form was observable by dynamic NMR spectroscopy (barrier: ca. 38 kJ mol−1). The structural and spectral properties as well as some reactivities of the cyclic tetramer and related acyclic oligomers up to heptamer are reported.
Electrophilic Arylation of Phenols: Construction of a New Family of 1-Methyl-2-quinolones
Authors: Asahara Motoki , Ohtsutsumi Masaki , Tamura Mina , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi , Ariga Masahiro 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
1-Methyl-3,6,8-trinitro-2-quinolone was found to be a suitable substrate for electrophilic arylation on benzene rings leading to (1,2-dihydro-4-quinolyl)phenols. The resultant products constitute a new family of 1-methyl-2-quinolones, which is often found in biologically active compounds as a partial structure.
Robust and quantized repetitive tracking control for fractional‐order fuzzy large‐scale systems
Authors: Tharanidharan V. , Saravanakumar T. , Anthoni S. Marshal 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn this article, the decentralized repetitive tracking controller design for fractional‐order large‐scale Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy system with time delays is developed. We mainly focus on the design of a decentralized repetitive tracking controller based on the Lyapunov stability theory, by which the addressed large‐scale system asymptotically stabilized with performance index. Further, the repetitive control with quantized signal is developed to ensure the good tracking performance with the presence of interconnected model and external disturbances. Specifically, a logarithmic quantizer is used to quantify the control signal which can reduce the data transmission rate in the network. Finally, a numerical example is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller design technique.
Engineering Lymphangiogenesis‐On‐Chip: The Independent and Cooperative Regulation by Biochemical Factors, Gradients, and Interstitial Fluid Flow
Authors: Tronolone James J. , Mohamed Nadin , Jain Abhishek 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDespite the crucial role of lymphangiogenesis during development and in several diseases with implications for tissue regeneration, immunity, and cancer, there are significantly fewer tools to understand this process relative to angiogenesis. While there has been a major surge in modeling angiogenesis with microphysiological systems, they have not been rigorously optimized or standardized to enable the recreation of the dynamics of lymphangiogenesis. Here, a Lymphangiogenesis‐Chip (L‐Chip) is engineered, within which new sprouts form and mature depending upon the imposition of interstitial flow, growth factor gradients, and pre‐conditioning of endothelial cells with growth factors. The L‐Chip reveals the independent and combinatorial effects of these mechanical and biochemical determinants of lymphangiogenesis, thus ultimately resulting in sprouts emerging from a parent vessel and maturing into tubular structures up to 1 mm in length within 4 days, exceeding prior art. Further, when the constitution of the pre‐conditioning cocktail and the growth factor cocktail used to initiate and promote lymphangiogenesis are dissected, it is found that endocan (ESM‐1) results in more dominant lymphangiogenesis relative to angiogenesis. Therefore, The L‐Chip provides a foundation for standardizing the microfluidics assays specific to lymphangiogenesis and for accelerating its basic and translational science at par with angiogenesis.
Tailoring First Coordination Sphere of Dual‐Metal Atom Sites Boosts Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Activities
Authors: Wang Zhe , Xu Ruojie , Ye Qitong , Jin Xiaoyan , Lu Zhe , Yang Zhenbei , Wang Yong , Yan Tao , Liu Yipu , Pan Zhijuan , Hwang Seong‐Ju , Fan Hong Jin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is important to tune the coordination configuration of dual‐atom catalyst (DAC), especially in the first coordination sphere, to render high intrinsic catalytic activities for oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OER). Herein, a type of atomically dispersed and boron‐coordinated DAC structure, namely, FeN4B‐NiN4B dual sites, is reported. In this structure, the incorporation of boron into the first coordination sphere of FeN4/NiN4 atomic sites regulates its geometry and electronic structure by forming “Fe‐B‐N” and “Ni‐B‐N” bridges. The FeN4B‐NiN4B DAC exhibits much enhanced ORR and OER property compared to the FeN4‐NiN4 counterparts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the boron‐induced charge transfer and asymmetric charge distributions of the central Fe/Ni atoms optimize the adsorption and desorption behavior of the ORR/OER intermediates and reduce the activation energy for the potential‐determining step. Zinc‐air batteries employing the FeN4B‐NiN4B cathode exhibit a high maximum power density (236.9 mW cm−2) and stable cyclability up to 1100 h. The result illustrates the pivotal role of the first‐coordination sphere of DACs in tuning the electrochemical energy conversion and storage activities.
Multiscale Mineralization in the Leopard Gecko Eggshell
Authors: Deering Joseph , Nelea Valentin , McKee Marc D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractReptilian (non‐avian) eggshell biomineralization is markedly different from avian eggshells. Despite discontinuous/variable mineralization, the reptilian eggshell (like in birds) is responsible for protective and developmental functions of the egg as part of a highly successful reproduction strategy. Using multiscale imaging and characterization methods including X‐ray and electron microscopy/tomography, a 3D overview of eggshell ultrastructure in the gekkotan Eublepharis macularius – the common leopard gecko is provided. Eggshell mineral is shown to be sensitive to aqueous preparations, where cryogenic methods are essential for accurate mineral and organic preservation. Interwoven with the mineral are underlying organic fibers involved in the formation of complex hierarchical order in the eggshell, including nucleation and growth of mineral. The calcitic mineral phase of the eggshell takes on three microstructural motifs at the shell surface: nodular scutes (≈40 µm), intermittent blunt or star‐shaped mineral rosettes (≈1 mm), and smaller mineral corollas (≈10 µm). Individual scutes have two hierarchical mineral structures – mineral nanospheres (≈500 nm) and mineral nanodomains (≈40 nm). Diverse and variable biomineralization features of reptilian eggshells likely reflect the importance of differences in ecology and physiology on egg formation, survival, and eggshell mechanics, and are likely related to hydration sensitivity, structural organic‐inorganic interactions, and mineral polymorphism.
Suppressing Halide Segregation via Pyridine‐Derivative Isomers Enables Efficient 1.68 eV Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Liu , Fang Zheng , Jin Yongbin , Feng Huiping , Deng Bingru , Zheng Lingfang , Xu Peng , Chen Jingfu , Chen Xueling , Zhou Yangying , Shi Congbo , Gao Wei , Yang Jinxin , Xu Xipeng , Tian Chengbo , Xie Liqiang , Wei Zhanhua 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLight‐induced phase segregation is one of the main issues restricting the efficiency and stability of wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG PSCs). Small organic molecules with abundant functional groups can passivate various defects, and therefore suppress the ionic migration channels for phase segregation. Herein, a series of pyridine‐derivative isomers containing amino and carboxyl are applied to modify the perovskite surface. The amino, carboxyl, and N‐terminal of pyridine in all of these molecules can interact with undercoordinated Pb2+ through coordination bonds and suppress halide ions migration via hydrogen bonding. Among them, the 5‐amino‐3‐pyridine carboxyl acid (APA‐3) treated devices win the champion performance, enabling an efficiency of 22.35% (certified 22.17%) using the 1.68 eV perovskite, which represents one of the highest values for WBG‐PSCs. This is believed to be due to the more symmetric spatial distribution of the three functional groups of APA‐3, which provides a better passivation effect independent of the molecular arrangement orientation. Therefore, the APA‐3 passivated perovskite shows the slightest halide segregation, the lowest defect density, and the least nonradiative recombination. Moreover, the APA‐3 passivated device retains 90% of the initial efficiency after 985 h of operation at the maximum power point, representing the robust durability of WBG‐PSCs under working conditions.
Filling of Chitosan Film with Wax/Halloysite Microparticles for Absorption of Hydrocarbon Vapors
Authors: Caruso Maria Rita , D'Agostino Giulia , Wasserbauer Jaromír , Šiler Pavel , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Milioto Stefana , Lazzara Giuseppe 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe effect of the preparation protocol of chitosan (CHI) based films filled with wax microparticles stabilized by halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in Pickering emulsions (PE) is investigated. The obtained results show that the addition of acetic acid (before or after the preparation of wax/HNT microspheres) affects the properties of the composite films as well as the colloidal stability of PE. The colloidal behavior of CHI/HNT/wax PE by optical microscopy and sedimentation tests are studied. On the other hand, the corresponding composite films (prepared by solvent casting method) are characterized through several techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy, UV–vis spectrometer, water permeability, and contact angle measurements. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis allows this to estimate the effect of wax microparticles on the tensile performances of CHI‐based films. As a general consideration, the filling of the CHI matrix with wax/HNT improves the physicochemical properties of the films. Finally, the efficacy of the films as adsorbents of n‐dodecane vapors is explored. Due to the presence of hydrophobic domains (wax embedded in CHI), the composite films possess higher adsorption efficiencies compared to pristine CHI. Accordingly, it can be stated that the combination of CHI with wax/HNT microparticles is promising to obtain biocompatible composite films useful for remediation purposes.
Insight into Sulfur‐Containing Zwitter‐Molecule Boosting Zn Anode: from Electrolytes to Electrodes
Authors: Song Weihao , Liu Jiaxing , Rao Shengpu , Zhao Ming , Lv Yanqun , Zhao Shunshun , Ma Qing , Wu Bing , Zheng Chengjin , Chen Shimou , Li Zhilin , Niu Jin , Wang Feng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNumerous organic electrolytes additives have been reported to improve Zn anode performance in aqueous Zn metal batteries (AZMBs). However, the modification mechanism needs to be further revealed in consideration of different environments for electrolytes and electrodes during the charge‐discharge process. Herein, sulfur‐containing zwitter‐molecule (methionine, Met) is used as an additive for ZnSO4 electrolytes. In electrolytes, Met reduces the H2O coordination number and facilitates the desolvation process by virtue of functional groups (─COOH, ─NH2, C─S─C), accelerating Zn2+ transference kinetics and decreasing the amount of active water. On electrodes, Met prefers to adsorb on Zn (002) plane and further transforms into a zincophilic protective layer containing C─SOx─C through an in situ electrochemical oxidization, suppressing H2 evolution/corrosion reactions and guiding dendrite‐free Zn deposition. By using Met‐containing ZnSO4 electrolytes, the Zn//Zn cells show superior cycling performance under 30 mA cm−2/30 mA h cm−2. Moreover, the full cells Zn//NH4V4O10 full cells using the modified electrolytes exhibit good performance at temperatures from −8 to 60 °C. Notably, a high energy density of 105.30 W h kg−1 can be delivered using a low N/P ratio of 1.2, showing a promising prospect of Met electrolytes additives for practical use.