bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical relevance of ultrasonographic criteria in the assessment of diffuse liver disease in dogs and cats
Authors: Feeney Daniel A. , Anderson Kari L. , Ziegler Laura E. , Jessen Carl R. , Daubs Brian M. , Hardy Robert M. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine whether objectively applied ultrasonographic interpretive criteria are statistically useful in differentiating among 7 defined categories of diffuse liver disease in dogs and cats.
Sample Population—Ultrasonographic images of 229 dogs and 104 cats.
Procedures—Liver parenchymal or related sonographic criteria established by the authors were retrospectively and independently applied by 3 radiologists who were not aware of patient status or patient laboratory data. Seven histologic or cytologic categories of diffuse (infiltrative but not nodular) liver diseases were jointly established by the authors and included normal liver; inflammation; round-cell neoplasia; non–round-cell infiltrative, prenodular (early) metastatic neoplasia; lipidosis; vacuolar hepatopathy; and other. Liver parenchymal sonographic criteria included parenchymal sound attenuation with increasing depth, comparative organ echogenicity (liver, spleen, and kidneys), diffuse or patchy hyperechoic or hypoechoic echotexture, uniform or coarse echotexture, portal venous clarity, and liver lobe geometry. Related extrahepatic criteria included gallbladder wall thickness, bile duct diameter, amount and character of gallbladder precipitate, nondependent shadowing in the gallbladder, hepatic vein diameter versus caudal vena cava diameter, peritoneal fluid, spleen echotexture (normal vs abnormal [characterized]), and kidney echotexture. Ultrasonographic criteria were statistically compared to the 7 categories of diffuse liver disease in search of clinically exploitable relationships.
Results—Statistical evaluation of the applied ultrasonographic criteria did not yield clinically acceptable accuracy for discrimination among the 7 categories of diffuse liver diseases (including normal liver) in either species.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Criterion-based ultrasonographic appearance was insufficient to discriminate among canine and feline diffuse infiltrative liver diseases.
Effect of topical ophthalmic application of cidofovir on experimentally induced primary ocular feline herpesvirus-1 infection in cats
Authors: Fontenelle Jennifer P. , Powell Cynthia C. , Veir Julia K. , Radecki Steven V. , Lappin Michael R. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the efficacy of twice-daily ophthalmic application of 0.5% cidofovir solution in cats with experimentally induced primary ocular feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) infection.
Animals—Twelve 6-month-old sexually intact male cats.
Procedures—Cats were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. Ocular infection with FHV-1 was induced (day 0) in all cats via inoculation of both eyes with 104 plaque-forming units of a plaque-purified FHV-1 field strain. Twice daily for 10 days beginning on day 4 after virus inoculation, the treatment group received 1 drop of 0.5% cidofovir in 1% carboxymethylcellulose in both eyes, and the control group received 1 drop of 1% carboxymethylcellulose in both eyes. A standardized scoring method was used to evaluate clinical signs of FHV-1 infection in each cat once daily for 24 days. The amount of ocular viral shedding was assessed by use of a quantitative real-time PCR procedure every 3 days during the study period. Clinical scores and viral quantification were averaged over the pretreatment (days 0 to 3), treatment (days 4 to 14), and posttreatment (days 15 to 24) periods for each cat.
Results—During the treatment period, clinical scores and amount of viral ocular shedding were significantly lower in the treatment group, compared with findings in the control group.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Twice-daily application of 0.5% cidofovir solution in both eyes significantly decreased the amount of viral shedding and the severity of clinical disease in cats with experimentally induced ocular FHV-1 infection.
Adverse effects and outcome associated with dexamethasone administration in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation: 161 cases (2000–2006)
Authors: Levine Jonathan M. , Levine Gwendolyn J. , Boozer Lindsay , Schatzberg Scott J. , Platt Simon R. , Kent Marc , Kerwin Sharon C. , Fosgate Geoffrey T. 
Published: February 2008

Abstract
Objective—To determine complications and neurologic outcomes associated with dexamethasone administration to dogs with surgically treated thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation, compared with dogs not receiving dexamethasone.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—161 dogs with surgically confirmed thoracolumbar disk herniation.
Procedures—Medical records from 2 hospitals were used to identify dogs that had received dexamethasone < 48 hours prior to admission (dexamethasone group dogs), dogs that received glucocorticoids other than dexamethasone < 48 hours prior to admission (other-glucocorticoid group dogs), and dogs that received no glucocorticoids (nontreatment group dogs). Signalment, neurologic injury grade, laboratory data, and complications were extracted from medical records.
Results—Dexamethasone group dogs were 3.4 times as likely to have a complication, compared with other-glucocorticoid or nontreatment group dogs. Dexamethasone group dogs were 11.4 times as likely to have a urinary tract infection and 3.5 times as likely to have diarrhea, compared with other-glucocorticoid or nontreatment group dogs. No differences in neurologic function at discharge or recheck evaluation were detected among groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that treatment with dexamethasone before surgery is associated with more adverse effects, compared with treatment with glucocorticoids other than dexamethasone or no treatment with glucocorticoids, in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation. In this study population, no difference in outcome was found among groups. These findings suggest that the value of dexamethasone administration before surgery in dogs with thoracolumbar disk herniation should be reconsidered.
Relationships between Culture and Health Status: A Multi-Site Study of the Older Chinese in Canada
Authors: Lai Daniel W.L. , Tsang Ka Tat , Chappell Neena , Lai David C.Y. , Chau Shirley B.Y. 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTThis study examined the relationships between culture and the health status of older Chinese in Canada. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a cross-sectional, randomly selected sample of 2,272 older Chinese between 55 and 101 years of age in seven Canadian cities. Health status was assessed by the number of chronic illnesses, by limitations in ADL and IADL, and by information on the Medical Outcome Study Short Form SF-36. Although cultural variables explained only a small proportion of variance in health status, having a stronger level of identification with traditional Chinese health beliefs was significant in predicting physical health, number of illnesses, and limitations on IADL. Other cultural variables, including religion, country of origin, and length of residence in Canada, were also significant in predicting some health variables. Interventions to improve health should focus on strategies to enhance cultural compatibility between users and the health delivery system.
Housing and Living Arrangements of South Asian Immigrant Seniors in Edmonton, Alberta
Authors: Ng Cheuk Fan , Northcott Herbert C. , Abu-Laban Sharon McIrvin 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTThe Canadian population is aging and becoming more ethnically diverse. This paper focuses on South Asian immigrant seniors and examines differences in housing and living arrangements among seniors who immigrated at different life stages. We interviewed a convenience sample of 161 immigrant seniors of South Asian descent in Edmonton, Alberta, to assess type of living arrangement, type of housing anddwelling density(measured in persons per room), activity in the neighbourhood, and means of transportation. Overall, those seniors who came to Canada before the end of mid-life were more likely than those who came at an older age to drive a car and, if married, to live in a one- or two-generation family. Women were more likely than men to be widowed, have poorer English-language skills, or live with a three-generation family if unmarried, and less likely to drive a car. Most respondents were satisfied with their living arrangements, housing, and perceived safety at home and in their neighbourhood. Theoretical implications are discussed.
Caregiver Acceptance of Adverse Effects and Use of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Oremus Mark , Wolfson Christina , Vandal Alain C. , Bergman Howard , Xie Qihao 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTCaregivers play a determining role in choosing treatments for persons with Alzheimer's disease. The objective of this study was to examine caregivers' willingness to have persons with Alzheimer's disease continue taking cholinesterase inhibitors in the event that any 1 of 11 adverse effects was to occur. Data were gathered via postal questionnaire from 375 caregivers in Montreal. Sixty-four per cent of caregivers responded (n = 201), and most (≥59%) were willing to continue treatment if persons with Alzheimer's disease suffered from weight loss or loss of appetite. However, most (≥53%) were not willing to continue treatment in the event of headache, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, drop in blood pressure, insomnia, muscle cramps, or stomach bleeding. The use of cholinesterase inhibitors by persons with Alzheimer's disease was positively associated with caregivers' willingness to accept greater numbers of adverse effects (adjusted relative risk = 1.97; 95% CI = 1.11 to 3.61). Caregivers appear to make a risk–benefit assessment when they decide whether or not care-recipients should continue pharmacotherapy in the event of adverse effects.
L'utilisation des services de centre de jour par les personnes âgées qui présentent des incapacités
Authors: Savard Jacinthe , Leduc Nicole , Lebel Paule , Béland François , Bergman Howard 
Published: February 2008

ABSTRACTThis study consists of a secondary analysis of data collected during the SIPA demonstration project. Its purpose is to identify the proportion of Adult Day Care (ADC) users as well as the determinants of use in this group of persons 65 years old and over receiving home care services in Montreal. Results show that 18.8% of the sample have at least one ADC presence during a 6 months study period. The following factors increase the probability of ADC use: being younger; not having a university degree; being born outside of Canada or for persons born in Canada, living with a caregiver; receiving help from the CLSC for daily life activities more than once a week; being in the catchment population of an ADC which fees are lower; and for men only, having had a stroke or presenting more functional incapacities.
A novel model of intracranial meningioma in mice using luciferase-expressing meningioma cells
Authors: Ragel Brian T. , Elam Isaac L. , Gillespie David L. , Flynn Jeannette R. , Kelly David A. , Mabey David , Feng Harvey , Couldwell William T. , Jensen Randy L. 
Published: February 2008

Object
Meningioma research has been hindered by the inability to sequentially measure intracranial tumor growth in a cost-effective, efficient manner. Recently, the luciferase gene has been transfected into cancer lines to obtain cells that express the luciferase enzyme, which oxidizes luciferin in a reaction that releases photon energy that can be measured noninvasively by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) systems. The authors describe a mouse model of intracranial meningioma that uses this novel BLI system.

Methods
The immortal meningioma cell lines CH-157-MN and IOMM-Lee were transfected with luciferase and neomycin phosphotransferase (LucNeo) and selected with G418. These cells were stereotactically implanted at skull base and cerebral convexity locations in nude mice. Animals were imaged for bioluminescence biweekly, and 5 mice underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Tumors were harvested for immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analysis.

Results
The CH-157-MN-LucNeo and IOMM-Lee-LucNeo cell lines were successfully implanted intracranially in mice. The tumor induction rate for CH-157-MN-LucNeo skull base tumors was 90% (36 of 40 procedures). Statistical analysis of CH-157-MN-LucNeo skull base tumor volume measured on MR imaging correlated with the results of BLI showed an R value of 0.900. The tumors exhibited characteristics of aggressive meningiomas by insinuating along arachnoid planes and invading brain.

Conclusions
Noninvasive BLI was successfully used to image intracranial meningiomas in mice. The tumors grew in a fashion similar to that of aggressive meningiomas in humans, and exhibited the microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features characteristic of meningiomas. This animal model overcomes the main obstacle in studying intracranial meningiomas by enabling sequential noninvasive tumor measurement in a cost-effective manner.
Cholesterol granuloma of the lateral ventricle
Authors: Grossi Peter M. , Ellis Michael J. , Cummings Thomas J. , Gray Linda L. , Fukushima Takanori , Sampson John H. 
Published: February 2008

✓Cholesterol granulomas (CGs) are benign lesions resulting from an inflammatory reaction to cholesterol and hemosiderin. These masses most often arise within the temporal bone or nasal sinuses; intracerebral CGs are extremely rare. In this report the authors present an unusual case of a CG arising within the lateral ventricle.
The patient presented with transient hemiparesis and numbness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a cystic partially enhancing midline mass within the right lateral ventricle, expanding the ventricle and displacing the septum pellucidum. The patient underwent an interhemispheric, transcallosal resection of the lesion. Microscopic examination revealed a granulomatous inflammatory lesion containing cholesterol clefts, macrophages, and hemosiderin. Embedded within the granulomatous response were foci of tiny cystlike structures lined by nonciliated flattened cuboidal epithelium, consistent with the diagnosis of CG.
To the authors' knowledge this is the first reported case of CG presenting as an intraventricular mass. The origin of this lesion is unclear, but it may relate to prior traumatic brain injury. The authors describe the presentation, imaging findings, histopathological characteristics, and surgical treatment of this rare lesion and related pathological entities.
Endoscopic endonasal suturing of dural reconstruction grafts: a novel application of the U-Clip technology
Authors: Gardner Paul , Kassam Amin , Snyderman Carl , Mintz Arlan , Carrau Ricardo , Moossy John J. 
Published: February 2008

✓ Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage following endoscopic endonasal skull base resection can be a significant problem. A method for securing tissue grafts is needed. In this paper the authors used an endonasal suturing device to secure the graft reconstruction following endonasal tumor resection.
The U-Clip anastomotic device (Medtronic), developed for cardiovascular anastomoses, was used to secure the tissue graft to native dura. A specialized needle driver and hemoclip applier were used for the application and deployment of this device. No suture tying was necessary, facilitating its endonasal application.
The graft was successfully secured in its desired position to native dura by using the U-Clip anastomotic device. The patient did not suffer a postoperative CSF leak, and postoperative imaging and endoscopy revealed that the graft was in a good position. There was no complication from the use of the device.
The U-Clip anastomotic device can be used as a suture device during endonasal surgery. It may prevent tissue graft migration and help prevent CSF leakage.
Chimpanzees as fauna: comparisons of sympatric large mammals across long‐term study sites
Authors: Russak Samantha M. , McGrew W.C. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractAlthough much research has shown otherwise, chimpanzees are still often classed as rainforest‐dwellers. Most long‐term studies of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are not situated in evergreen, closed‐canopy equatorial forests, but instead are conducted in more open habitats. This study aims to elucidate the extent of chimpanzee ecological diversity by scrutinizing (recently) sympatric mammalian fauna at established study sites. We compiled presence or absence data on large mammal species at eight sites: Assirik, Bossou, Budongo, Gombe, Kibale, Lopé, Mahale, and Tai. The sites were rank ordered on the most basic ecological variable: annual total rainfall. Only three of the 65 mammalian genera compiled were sympatric with chimpanzees at all sites: Potamochoerus (bushpig), Syncerus (buffalo), and Panthera pardus (leopard). Some subfamilies (e.g. colobines) were present at most sites, but some families (e.g. hyenids) were absent at most sites. Some taxa (e.g. suids, cercopithecines) correlated better than others (e.g. canids) with basic ecological variables. The most extreme chimpanzee study site for which data are available is Assirik, Senegal. Nowhere else are chimpanzees sympatric with Erythrocebus, Alcelaphus, Hippotragus, and Ourebia. As chimpanzees are often behavioral models for extinct hominins, these living faunal assemblages have implications for paleo‐ecological reconstructions of ancestral habitats. Am. J. Primatol. 70:402–409, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Studies on cyanosilylation reaction catalyzed by LnN complexes
Authors: Mei Luo , Long Shang Wei , Liang Hu Ke , Xuan Wu Shu 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA novel family of LnN complexes was synthesized by two methods and as the Lewis acidic catalysts in application to the cyanosilylation of prochiral ketones and aldehydes, which gave yields > 99% of some cyano trimethylsilyl ethers from the wide range of aldehyde substrates and moderate yields from the ketone substrates at room temperature using 20 mol% catalyst loadings. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adsorption of silane onto cellulose fibers. II. The effect of pH on silane hydrolysis, condensation, and adsorption behavior
Authors: Bel‐Hassen Ramzi , Boufi Sami , Salon Marie‐Christine Brochier , Abdelmouleh Makki , Belgacem Mohamed Naceur 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe hydrolysis of four alkoxysilane agents, γ‐methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MPS), γ‐mercaptopropyl trimetoxysilane (MRPS), octyl trimethoxysilane OS), and N‐phenyl‐γ‐aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (PAPS), was carried out in an ethanol/water (80/20) solution under both acid and basic conditions. 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR spectroscopy were used to provide quantitative analyses of the structural components during hydrolysis and condensation reaction. The analysis revealed that the acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis of silane allows the formation of high amount of silanol groups, reduced the selfcondensation reaction among silanol groups and stabilized the proportion of intermediary hydrolyzed species for several days. However, under basic condition, condensation reactions proceed as soon as the hydrolysis reaction started leading to the rapid consumption of silanol groups through selfcondensation and to the growth of three‐dimensional high molecular structures. The interaction of MPS and MRPS with cellulose fibers and the evolution of their surface properties were then investigated using adsorption isotherms and contact angle measurement. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Impact of nano‐topography on bacterial attachment
Authors: Mitik‐Dineva Natasa , Wang James , Mocanasu Radu C. , Stoddart Paul R. , Crawford Russell J. , Ivanova Elena P. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe adhesion of bacteria to surfaces is an important biological process, but one that has resisted simple categorization due to the number and complexity of parameters involved. The roughness of the substrate is known to play a significant role in the attachment process, particularly when the surface irregularities are comparable to the size of the bacteria and can provide shelter from unfavorable environmental factors. According to this scenario, roughness on a scale much smaller than the bacteria would not be expected to influence the initial attachment. To test this hypothesis, the impact of nanometer‐scale roughness on bacterial attachment has been investigated using as‐received and chemically etched glass surfaces. The surface modification by etching resulted in a 70% reduction in the nanoscale roughness of the glass surface with no significant alteration of its chemical composition or charge. Nevertheless, the number of bacteria adhering to the etched surface was observed to increase by a factor of three. The increase in attachment was also associated with an alteration in cellular metabolic activity as demonstrated by changes in characteristic cell morphologies and increased production of extracellular polymeric substances. The results indicate that bacteria may be more sensitive to nanoscale surface roughness than was previously believed.
Dynamical analysis of the calcium signaling pathway in cardiac myocytes based on logarithmic sensitivity analysis
Authors: Kim Tae‐Hwan , Shin Sung‐Young , Choo Sang‐Mok , Cho Kwang‐Hyun 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMany cellular functions are regulated by the Ca2+ signal which contains specific information in the form of frequency, amplitude, and duration of the oscillatory dynamics. Any alterations or dysfunctions of components in the calcium signaling pathway of cardiac myocytes may lead to a diverse range of cardiac diseases including hypertrophy and heart failure. In this study, we have investigated the hidden dynamics of the intracellular Ca2+ signaling and the functional roles of its regulatory mechanism through in silico simulations and parameter sensitivity analysis based on an experimentally verified mathematical model. It was revealed that the Ca2+ dynamics of cardiac myocytes are determined by the balance among various system parameters. Moreover, it was found through the parameter sensitivity analysis that the self‐oscillatory Ca2+ dynamics are most sensitive to the Ca2+ leakage rate of the sarcolemmal membrane and the maximum rate of NCX, suggesting that these two components have dominant effects on circulating the cytosolic Ca2+.