bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors after HCV clearance with DAA in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis
Authors: Berenguer Juan , Aldámiz-Echevarría Teresa , Hontañón Víctor , Fanciulli Chiara , Quereda Carmen , Busca Carmen , Domínguez Lourdes , Hernández Cristina , Vergas Jorge , Gaspar Gabriel , García-Fraile Lucio J. , Díez Cristina , De Miguel Marta , Bellón José M. , Bañares Rafael , González-García Juan 
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims:
We assessed long-term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for liver disease progression after sustained viral response with direct-acting antivirals in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis.

Approach and Results:
A total of 1300 patients who achieved sustained viral response with direct-acting antivirals from 2014 to 2017 in Spain were included: 1145 with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (384 advanced fibrosis and 761 compensated cirrhosis) and 155 with decompensated cirrhosis. The median follow-up was 40.9 months. Overall, 85 deaths occurred, 61 due to non-liver non-AIDS–related causes that were the leading cause of death across all stages of liver disease. The incidence (95% CI) of decompensation per 100 person-years (py) was 0 in patients with advanced fibrosis, 1.01 (0.68–1.51) in patients with compensated cirrhosis, and 8.35 (6.05–11.53) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The incidence (95% CI) of HCC per 100 py was 0.34 (0.13–0.91) in patients with advanced fibrosis, 0.73 (0.45–1.18) in patients with compensated cirrhosis, and 1.92 (1.00–3.70) per 100 py in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Prognostic factors for decompensation in patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease included serum albumin, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and fibrosis 4. In this population, LSM and LSM-based posttreatment risk stratification models showed their predictive ability for decompensation and HCC.

Conclusions:
Non-liver non-AIDS–related events were the leading causes of morbidity and mortality after direct-acting antiviral cure among coinfected patients with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. Among those with compensated advanced chronic liver disease, baseline LSM and posttreatment LSM-based models helped to assess decompensation and HCC risk.
Assessment and Treatment of Abnormal Involuntary Movements: A Clinically Focused Narrative Review
Authors: Petriceks Aldis , Vyas Chirag M. , Paudel Shreedhar , Donovan Abigail L. , Van Alphen Manjola U. , Stern Theodore A. 
Published: March 2024

Learning Objectives
After participating in this CME activity, the psychiatrist should be better able to:
• Categorize and describe different types of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs).
• Identify assessment tools and treatment options for AIMs.

Abstract
Abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) comprise a diverse group of movement disorders characterized by uncontrolled and unintended movements (e.g., tremors, tics, dystonia). AIMs can occur at any stage of life and pose significant challenges for clinicians. It is difficult to determine their underlying causes due to the complex neurobiological mechanisms involved. Therefore, it is crucial to quantify the severity and progression of AIMs using well-validated measurement scales, such as the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). By employing reliable assessment approaches, clinicians can objectively evaluate the motoric manifestations of AIMs and track them over time. Treatment of AIMs varies depending on their nature and etiology. While AIMs often respond to treatment, serious side effects can undermine treatment efficacy. In this clinically focused narrative review, we categorize different types of AIMs and discuss their neurobiological aspects. Further, we emphasize the importance of using well-validated measurement scales for accurate assessment and discuss available treatment modalities that target the specific AIMs manifestations. Additionally, we cover the need for comprehensive care to address the multifaceted nature of AIMs, accounting for their physical manifestations as well as their psychological, social, and functional toll on patients. By embracing a multidisciplinary approach, health care professionals can provide patient-centered care that promotes overall well-being and enhances the lives of patients coping with AIMs. Regular follow-up assessments are necessary to monitor treatment response, adjust medications when needed, and provide ongoing support for individuals affected by AIMs.
Readiness and Personality Disorders: Considering Patients’ Readiness for Change and Our System’s Readiness for Patients
Authors: Hawkins Connor , Kealy David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The culture around personality disorder treatment has changed drastically in the past generation. While once perceived as effectively untreatable, there are now numerous evidence-based treatment approaches for personality disorders (especially borderline personality disorder). The questions, however, of who should be matched to which treatment approach, and when, remain largely unanswered. In other areas of psychiatry, particularly substance use disorders and eating disorders, assessing patient treatment readiness is viewed as indispensable for treatment planning. Despite this, relatively little research has been done with respect to readiness and personality disorder treatment. In this article, we propose multiple explanations for why this may be the case, relating to both the unique features of personality disorders and the current cultural landscape around their treatment. While patients with personality disorders often face cruel stigmatization, and much more work needs to be done to expand access to care (i.e., our system’s readiness for patients), even gold-standard treatment options are unlikely to work if a patient is not ready for treatment. Further study of readiness in the context of personality disorders could help more effectively match patients to the right treatment, at the right time. Such research could also aid development of strategies to enhance patient readiness.
Comparison of Bordetella pertussis Antibody Levels in Pregnant Women and Umbilical Cord Blood: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Iseri Nepesov Merve , Kilic Halime , Yildirim Sukran , Gulec Sevgi , Kara Yalcin , Kizil Mahmut Can , Karbuz Adem , Terek Demet , Sutcu Murat , Tufan Ergun , Dinleyici Meltem , Kurugol Zafer , Kilic Omer , Dinleyici Ener Cagri 
Published: March 2024

Background:
In countries where pertussis vaccination is not administered during pregnancy, the determination of pertussis antibody levels in pregnant women is very important in terms of knowing the current seroepidemiology and potential strategies for immunizations.

Methods:
We included 396 pregnant women who were admitted to 4 different obstetrics and gynecology clinics. Anti-Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) IgG and anti-Bordetella pertussis filamentous hemagglutinin IgG levels in maternal and cord blood pairs were determined by the ELISA method.

Results:
Venous blood serum anti-PT level was below 5 IU/mL in 58.8%, 5–40 IU/mL in 34.8%, 40–100 IU/mL in 5.1% and >100 IU/mL in 1.3% of pregnant women. Cord blood serum anti-PT level was below 5 IU/mL in 47.7%, 5–40 IU/mL in 44.5%, 40–100 IU/mL in 6.8% and >100 IU/mL in 1% of pregnant women. In our study, the anti-PT level was found below 40 IU/mL in 93.6% of pregnant women and 92.2% of cord blood. Our study found the anti-filamentous hemagglutinin level below 40 IU/mL in 81% of pregnant women and 66.2% of cord blood.

Conclusions:
Although it is known that pertussis causes serious morbidity and mortality in young infants all over the world and that the most effective and reliable way to prevent it is vaccination of pregnant women, it is a remarkable contradiction that pertussis vaccination rates and therefore seropositivity rates in pregnant women are very low.
Immediate vs. multistage revascularization of non-infarct coronary artery(-ies) in patients with hemodynamically stable multivessel disease acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oli Prakash Raj , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Dawadi Sagun , Shtembari Jurgen , Regmi Laxmi , Pant Kailash , Shrestha Bishesh , Mattumpuram Jishanth , Katz Daniel H. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundUntreated multivessel disease (MVD) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been linked to a higher risk of recurrent ischemia and death within one year . Current guidelines recommend percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for significant non-infarct artery (-ies) (non-IRA) stenosis in hemodynamically stable AMI patients with MVD, either during or after successful primary PCI, within 45-days. However, deciding the timing of revascularization for non-IRA in cases of MVD is uncertain.MethodsThis meta-analysis was performed based on PRISMA guidelines after registering in PROSPERO (CRD42023472652). Databases were searched for relevant articles published before 10 November 2023. Pertinent data from the included studies were extracted and analyzed using RevMan v5.4.ResultsOut of 640 studies evaluated, there were 13 RCTs with 5144 patients with AMI with MVD. The immediate non-IRA PCI is associated with a significantly lower occurrence of unplanned ischemia-driven PCI (OR 0.60; confidence interval [CI] 0.44–0.83) and target-vessel revascularization (OR 0.72; CI 0.53–0.97) . Although there is a favorable trend for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), nonfatal AMI, cerebrovascular events, and major bleeding in the immediate non-culprit artery (-ies) PCI, those were statistically non-significant. Similarly, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stent thrombosis, and acute renal insufficiency did not show significant differences between two groups.ConclusionAmong hemodynamically stable patients with multivessel AMI, the immediate PCI strategy was superior to the multistage PCI strategy for the unplanned ischemia-driven PCI and target-vessel revascularization while odds are favorable in terms of MACCE, nonfatal AMI, cerebrovascular events, and major bleeding at longest follow-up.
Does Radioactive Iodine Treatment Damage the Lacrimal System?
Authors: Gürez Ceren , Ergül Nurhan 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
In this prospective study, we aimed to make a quantitative assessment of the lacrimal glands before and after radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in patients with hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer.

Methods
The study included 80 eyes of 40 patients. There were 25 patients in group 1 (hyperthyroid group) and 15 patients in group 2 (thyroid cancer group). Group 1 has received low dose (131I) and group 2 high dose (131I). Before, and at the first and sixth month after RAI treatment, all patients underwent ophthalmological examinations, Schirmer tests, TBUT tests, tear osmolarity (TO), and ocular surface examinations.

Results
The age and sex characteristics of both groups were similar. Although no significant change was observed in tear film tests before and after treatment in group 1, a significant decrease in Schirmer and TBUT values and a significant increase in TO were observed in group 2 in the first month after treatment. These values returned to normal in the sixth month. Although no Schirmer test was observed lower than 10 mm in any patient before RAI treatment, the Schirmer test was measured 5 to 10 mm in 4 (10%) patients in group 2 in the first month after treatment. Again, in these patients, TBUT was below 10 seconds and TO was greater than 308 mOsm/L.

Conclusions
In this study, although no change was observed in tear function tests in patients receiving low doses of RAI, a decrease in tear secretion and an increase in TO were detected in patients receiving high doses in the early period.
Foreign Glass Bodies in Pleura and Pancreas: Systematic Review for Entry Hypotheses and Treatment Options in an Unresolved Case
Authors: Ehrsam Jonas P. , Meier Adamenko Olga , Schlumpf Rolf B. , Schöb Othmar M. 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Foreign bodies within the pleura and pancreas are infrequent, and the approaches to their treatment still a subject of debate. There is limited knowledge particularly regarding glass foreign bodies.

Methods:
We present a case involving large glass splinters in the pleura and pancreas, with an unknown entry point. In addition, a systematic review was conducted to explore entry hypotheses and management options.

Results:
In addition to our case, our review uncovered eight incidents of intrapleural glass, and another eight cases of glass in other intrathoracic areas. The fragments entered the body through impalement (81%), migrated through the diaphragm after impalement (6%), or caused transesophageal perforation (19%) following ingestion. Eight instances of glass inside the abdominal cavity were documented, with seven resulting from impalement injuries and one from transintestinal migration. There were no recorded instances of glass being discovered within the pancreas. Among the 41 nonglass intrapancreatic foreign bodies found, sewing needles (34%) and fish bones (46%) were the most common; following ingestion, they had migrated through either a transgastric or transduodenal perforation. In all these cases, how the foreign bodies were introduced was often poorly recalled by the patient. Many nonglass foreign bodies tend to become encapsulated by fibrous tissue, rendering them inert, though this is less common with glass. Glass has been reported to migrate through various tissues and cavities, sometimes with a significant delay spanning even decades. There are cases of intrapleural migration of glass causing hemothorax, pneumothorax, and heart and major blood vessels injury. For intrapleural glass fragment management, thoracoscopy proved to be effective in 5 reported cases, in addition to our patient. Most intrapancreatic nonglass foreign bodies tend to trigger pancreatitis and abscess formation, necessitating management ranging from laparoscopic procedures to subtotal pancreatectomy. There have been only four documented cases of intrapancreatic needles that remained asymptomatic with conservative management. There is no direct guidance from the existing literature regarding management of intrapancreatic glass foreign bodies. Consequently, our patient is under observation with regular follow-ups and has remained asymptomatic for the past 2 years.

Conclusions:
Glass foreign bodies in the pleura are rare, and our report of an intrapancreatic glass fragment is the first of its kind. Impalement is the most likely method of introduction. As glass has significant migration and an ensuing complication potential, preventive removal of intrapleural loose glass should be considered. However, intrapancreatic glass fragment management remains uncertain.
<xhtml:span xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of virulence gene profiles of&#160;<em>Escherichia coli</em>&#160;from clinical and non-clinical sources&#160;in Rivers State, Nigeria
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Authors: Abeni Barira Azeez , Frank-Peterside Nnenna , Otokunefor Kome 
Published: March 2024

Traditionally, the presence of virulence features have been thought to be a key factor in differentiating pathogenic from commensal strains. An understanding of virulence potential of Escherichia coli isolates from various sources is essential to help shed light on potential contamination/transmission rates between the various sources. This study was therefore aimed at exploring the occurrence of specific virulence genes and gene profiles associated with Escherichia coli from clinical and non-clinical sources in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Two hundred samples from clinical (urine and feces) and non-clinical (soil and poultry droppings) sources (50 each) were analyzed using standard microbiological procedures. DNA was extracted from isolates presumptively identified as Escherichia coli using PrestoTM Mini gDNA Bacteria-Kit Quick protocol following the manufacturer’s instructions. Isolate identities were confirmed using E. coli specific 16S rRNA primers and confirmed isolates screened for the presence of six virulence genes (Afimbriae binding adhesin (afa), type 1 fimbriae (fimH), P-fimbrial Usher Protein (papC)), iron acquisition systems: aerobactin (aer), Cytotoxic necrotizing factor I (cnf1) and alpha hemolysin (hly).
Results showed that all isolates haboured at least one of the tested virulence genes, with fimH (97%) as the most prevalent virulence gene and papC the least commonly occurring (35%). A higher occurrence of virulence genes was noted in non-clinical isolates though hly and cnf were not detected at all in any of the isolates studied (0%). Ten different profiles were observed with the afaCc-aer-fimH profile the most commonly occurring virulence gene profile in general (33.3%). For non-clinical isolates however, the aer-afaCc-fimH-papC was the most commonly occurring profile (42.9%).
This study shows that the test Escherichia coli from clinical and non-clinical sources do not carry distinct virulence gene profiles. Studies on a larger subset of isolates would however be necessary to determine if indeed the virulence genes tested for in this study really cannot be used to tell whether an isolate is from a clinical source or not in the South-South of Nigeria.
Keetia nodulosasp. nov. (Rubiaceae - Vanguerieae) of West - Central Africa: bacterial leaf nodulation discovered in a fourth genus and tribe of Rubiaceae
Authors: Cheek Martin , Onana Jean Michel 
Published: March 2024

SummaryKeetia nodulosaCheek, a cloud forest climber nearly endemic to Cameroon, with a single record from Nigeria, is described and illustrated. It is remarkable as the first known species to be recorded with bacterial leaf nodules (BLN) in the genusKeetia,and also, in the tribe Vanguerieae. Other genera in Rubiaceae with BLN arePsychotria(Psychotrieae),Sericanthe(Coffeaeae) andPavetta(Pavetteae). The BLN inKeetia(Vanguerieae) are illustrated for the first time here.The characteristics and significance of bacterial leaf nodulation inKeetia nodulosaare discussed in the context of rapidly growing knowledge on the subject in flowering plants.Keetia nodulosais provisionally assessed using the 2012 IUCN standard as Endangered (EN B2ab(iii). The importance of its conservation, and options for achieving this are discussed in the context of recent extinctions of other plant species in Cameroon.This discovery of a new cloud forest species is discussed in relation to other cloud forest plant species described in the last twenty years which are also distributed over the highlands of the western half of Cameroon.
Hyaluronidase impacts exposures of long-acting injectable paliperidone palmitate in rodent models
Authors: Pertinez Henry , Kaushik Amit , Curley Paul , Arshad Usman , El-Khateeb Eman , Li Si-Yang , Tasneen Rokeya , Sharp Joanne , Kijak Edyta , Herriott Joanne , Neary Megan , Noë Michaël , Flexner Charles , Nuermberger Eric , Owen Andrew , Ammerman Nicole C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA significant challenge in the development of long-acting injectable drug formulations, especially for anti-infective agents, is delivering an efficacious dose within a tolerable injection volume. Co-administration of the extracellular matrix-degrading enzyme hyaluronidase can increase maximum tolerable injection volumes but is untested for this benefit with long-acting injectable formulations. One concern is that hyaluronidase could potentially alter the tissue response surrounding an injection depot, a response known to be important for drug release kinetics of long-acting injectable formulations. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of co-administration of hyaluronidase on the drug release kinetics, pharmacokinetic profiles, and injection site histopathology of the long-acting injectable paliperidone palmitate for up to four weeks following intramuscular injection in mouse and rat models. In both species, co-administration of hyaluronidase increased paliperidone plasma exposures the first week after injection but did not negate the overall long-acting release nature of the formulation. Hyaluronidase-associated modification of the injection site depot was observed in mice but not in rats. These findings suggest that further investigation of hyaluronidase with long-acting injectable agents is warranted.
Good practice in the provision of care for people living with dementia in nursing homes: a systematic review
Authors: Behan Laura , O’Brien Michael P , Dunbar Paul , McGrane Niall , Keane Aileen , Grogan Carol , Keyes Laura M 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe number of people living with dementia across the world is rising, and there is a high and ever increasing proportion of people with dementia living in nursing homes. It is increasingly important that care provision in these services accounts for the specific needs of this cohort. Manifestations of dementia are modifiable with high quality dementia specific care, as such, we need to understand what good practice looks like specifically in these settings.AimTo synthesise empirical research to identify the characteristics of quality in the provision of care for people living with dementia in nursing homes.MethodsFour electronic academic databases were searched: Business Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE and APA PsychInfo. Qualitative, quantitative or mixed-methods studies published between the years of 2020-2023, that aimed to identify determinants of high quality care for people with dementia living in nursing homes, were included. Themes relating to good practices were identified and narratively summarised. Vignettes illustrating good practice were constructed from the perspective of a provider, a staff member, a resident and a family member.ResultsAfter screening of 3,356 records, 30 articles were included. This included 16 qualitative descriptive studies, 11 cross-sectional studies, 2 mixed methods studies, and 1 cohort study. Sixteen themes were identified: determinants of care quality, outcomes, person-centred care, cultural impact, care planning, meaningful engagement, eating and meals, the role of family members, restrictive practices, psychotropic medications, activities, materials, health care, end of life care, staffing and staff training.ConclusionsThe literature identifies what constitutes high quality care for residents with dementia in nursing homes. These findings will guide those delivering care in nursing homes in their daily work and in the implementation of quality improvement processes. It will also direct regulators, policymakers and researchers when conducting future work in this important area.
Detection of an imported case of severe Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in a patient with comorbidities, Dakar, Senegal 2023
Authors: Sagne Samba Niang , Sene Ousseynou , Dieng Idrissa , Diallo Mamadou Korka , Ndoye Amadou Moustapha , Sall Yoro , Diop Boly , Faye Oumar , Sow Abdourahmane , Diallo Boubacar , Loucoubar Cheikh , Fall Gamou , Barry Mamadou Aliou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn July 2023, a diabetic from Mauritania was diagnosed with a severe case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever at a Dakar region hospital, Senegal. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the new strain as a CCHFV reassortant between Genotype I and III, closely linked to strains from Spain, Mauritania, Senegal and South Africa. Genetic variability of CCHF in West Africa underscores the urgent need for enhanced surveillance in West Africa.