bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic particle concentrations and fluxes in an urban river are temporally variable and impacted by storm events
Authors: Berg Elizabeth M. , Dila Deborah K. , Schaul Olivia , Eros Audrey , McLellan Sandra L. , Newton Ryan J. , Hoellein Timothy J. , Kelly John J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnthropogenic particles (AP), which include microplastics and other synthetic, semisynthetic, and anthropogenically modified materials, are pollutants of concern in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Rivers are important conduits and retention sites for AP, and time series data on the movement of these particles in lotic ecosystems are needed to assess the role of rivers in the global AP cycle. Much research assessing AP pollution extrapolates stream loads based on single time point measurements, but lotic ecosystems are highly variable over time (e.g., seasonality and storm events). The accuracy of models describing AP dynamics in rivers is constrained by the limited studies that examine how frequent changes in discharge drive particle retention and transport. This study addressed this knowledge gap by using automated, high‐resolution sampling to track AP concentrations and fluxes during multiple storm events in an urban river (Milwaukee River) and comparing these measurements to commonly monitored water quality metrics. AP concentrations and fluxes varied significantly across four storm events, highlighting the temporal variability of AP dynamics. When data from the sampling periods were pooled, there were increases in particle concentration and flux during the early phases of the storms, suggesting that floods may flush AP into the river and/or resuspend particles from the benthic zone. AP flux was closely linked to river discharge, suggesting large loads of AP are delivered downstream during storms. Unexpectedly, AP concentrations were not correlated with other simultaneously measured water quality metrics, including total suspended solids, fecal coliforms, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate, indicating that these metrics cannot be used to estimate AP. These data will contribute to more accurate models of particle dynamics in rivers and global plastic export to oceans.Practitioner Points
Anthropogenic particle (AP) concentrations and fluxes in an urban river varied across four storm events.
AP concentrations and fluxes were the highest during the early phases of the storms.
Storms increased AP transport downstream compared with baseflow.
AP concentrations did not correlate with other water quality metrics during storms.
Small‐RNA‐guided histone modifications and somatic genome elimination in ciliates
Authors: Balan Thomas , Lerner Leticia Koch , Holoch Daniel , Duharcourt Sandra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTransposable elements and other repeats are repressed by small‐RNA‐guided histone modifications in fungi, plants and animals. The specificity of silencing is achieved through base‐pairing of small RNAs corresponding to the these genomic loci to nascent noncoding RNAs, which allows the recruitment of histone methyltransferases that methylate histone H3 on lysine 9. Self‐reinforcing feedback loops enhance small RNA production and ensure robust and heritable repression. In the unicellular ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia, small‐RNA‐guided histone modifications lead to the elimination of transposable elements and their remnants, a definitive form of repression. In this organism, germline and somatic functions are separated within two types of nuclei with different genomes. At each sexual cycle, development of the somatic genome is accompanied by the reproducible removal of approximately a third of the germline genome. Instead of recruiting a H3K9 methyltransferase, small RNAs corresponding to eliminated sequences tether Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, which in ciliates has the unique property of catalyzing both lysine 9 and lysine 27 trimethylation of histone H3. These histone modifications that are crucial for the elimination of transposable elements are thought to guide the endonuclease complex, which triggers double‐strand breaks at these specific genomic loci. The comparison between ciliates and other eukaryotes underscores the importance of investigating small‐RNAs‐directed chromatin silencing in a diverse range of organisms.This article is categorized under:
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action
Data, Aesthetics, and Visualizations of Deep Time
Authors: Tamborini Marco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter accomplishes a phenomenology of deep time visualizations. It examines the power and limits of a series of visual devices used in paleontology and geology to access, and eventually work with the earth’s deep past. First, I discuss how paleontologists visualize and sort data in the field; second, I examine the practices used to illustrate and validate knowledge about extinct animals; third, I explore what function visualizations play in supporting the transition between data collection and the possible explanation of global biological phenomena such as the estimation of diversity through geological time; fourth, I inquire into the role of the computer; and fifth, I discuss the recent intersection between paleontology and different kinds of new technologies such as augmented and visual reality and robotics, both to shed light on some aspects of the past and to generate new research questions. In conclusion, I reflect on the intersection between earth science visual cultures and knowledge production. In particular, I point out the function of knowledge circulation and in between scientists in the production of visual devices as well as the importance of aesthetics for cooperative research projects and knowledge production in the earth sciences.
The Emergence of an Autonomous Political Arena in Ouvéa: An Ethnography of Its Local Council
Authors: Nayral Mélissa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe sessions of the Ouvéa local council attract the ethnographer’s attention because of the discrepancy between their discussions and local daily life on the island. On the one hand, these sessions look like any other local council sessions, including those of metropolitan France. But on the other, they also present various peculiarities characteristic of Ouvéa’s social and cultural context.As elsewhere in the world, the organisation of political power observed and experienced during local council sessions is not simple. On the contrary, it exhibits hybrid characteristics from both a French institutional republican political world and from the so-called Kanak customary political universe. This chapter explores what J.-M. Tjibaou named “colonisation within the Republic” (Tjibaou, La présence Kanak. O. Jacob, Paris, 1996) by exploring this aspect of hybridity in a case study based on a long-term ethnography of local political practices and, more particularly, of the local council sessions held between 2007 and 2010.
A Critical Reflection of the Notion of “Common Destiny” in Kanaky-New Caledonia
Authors: Guiart Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter critically reflects the notion of “common destiny” in Kanaky-New Caledonia. I argue that the binary political landscape also leads to binary social arrangements, which have the effect of hampering “living together”. The capitalist economic growth model adopted by both pro- and anti-independence parties promotes rationalism to the detriment of social and cultural coexistence and reinforces inequalities. There is currently a lack of viable alternatives to this “uncommon destiny”, and strong environmental protection measures and economic models based on solidarity are, at present, not on the agenda of political authorities. A broader vision of social and cultural change involves sustainable appropriation of the commons.
Small-Scale Fisheries in New Caledonia: Towards a Fishers’ Perspective
Authors: Sabinot Catherine , Bouard Séverine , Fossier Camille , Mallet Julie , David Gilbert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDevoting a full chapter to the fishers of New Caledonia serves a dual purpose: firstly, to report on a practice driven by multiple rationales that are, for the most part, unknown or insufficiently understood in and outside the territory, and secondly, to show that the place that fishers occupy in the relationship between fish, ecosystems, fishing effort and consumption is much more complex than in other small-scale fisheries and management regimes. Drawing on anthropological and geographical research conducted since 2010, this chapter sketches a general picture of the main types of fishing practised in New Caledonia, focusing on presenting the fishers who undertake them. We discuss the place of fishing in the livelihood activities of Caledonians, irrespective of their social status, and examine the different purposes for which fishing is practised and that fishers assign to their practices. The conclusion focuses on ongoing efforts at the territorial and provincial levels to better incorporate the fishers’ diversity and functions in fisheries management policies.
Tensionless strings on AdS3 orbifolds
Authors: Gaberdiel Matthias R. , Guo Bin , Mathur Samir D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The bound state of one NS5 brane (wrapped on a 𝕋4) and N NS1-branes has two dual descriptions: its low-energy dynamics is described by the symmetric orbifold of 𝕋4, while the near horizon geometry is captured by string theory on AdS3 × S3 × 𝕋4 with one unit of NS flux. The latter theory is exactly solvable in the hybrid formalism, and this allows one to prove the equivalence of the two descriptions. In this paper we extend this duality to ℤk orbifolds of this AdS3 × S3 background. In particular, we show that the corresponding worldsheet spectrum reproduces exactly the perturbative excitations on top of a certain non-perturbative state in the dual symmetric orbifold theory. Since the AdS/CFT duality map is exact for these models, we obtain an interesting picture of how the duality relates boundary and bulk descriptions.
Non-resonant anomaly detection with background extrapolation
Authors: Bai Kehang , Mastandrea Radha , Nachman Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Complete anomaly detection strategies that are both signal sensitive and compatible with background estimation have largely focused on resonant signals. Non-resonant new physics scenarios are relatively under-explored and may arise from off-shell effects or final states with significant missing energy. In this paper, we extend a class of weakly supervised anomaly detection strategies developed for resonant physics to the non-resonant case. Machine learning models are trained to reweight, generate, or morph the background, extrapolated from a control region. A classifier is then trained in a signal region to distinguish the estimated background from the data. The new methods are demonstrated using a semi-visible jet signature as a benchmark signal model, and are shown to automatically identify the anomalous events without specifying the signal ahead of time.
Python workflow for the selection and identification of marker peptides—proof-of-principle study with heated milk
Authors: Kuhnen Gesine , Class Lisa-Carina , Badekow Svenja , Hanisch Kim Lara , Rohn Sascha , Kuballa Jürgen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe analysis of almost holistic food profiles has developed considerably over the last years. This has also led to larger amounts of data and the ability to obtain more information about health-beneficial and adverse constituents in food than ever before. Especially in the field of proteomics, software is used for evaluation, and these do not provide specific approaches for unique monitoring questions. An additional and more comprehensive way of evaluation can be done with the programming language Python. It offers broad possibilities by a large ecosystem for mass spectrometric data analysis, but needs to be tailored for specific sets of features, the research questions behind. It also offers the applicability of various machine-learning approaches. The aim of the present study was to develop an algorithm for selecting and identifying potential marker peptides from mass spectrometric data. The workflow is divided into three steps: (I) feature engineering, (II) chemometric data analysis, and (III) feature identification. The first step is the transformation of the mass spectrometric data into a structure, which enables the application of existing data analysis packages in Python. The second step is the data analysis for selecting single features. These features are further processed in the third step, which is the feature identification. The data used exemplarily in this proof-of-principle approach was from a study on the influence of a heat treatment on the milk proteome/peptidome.
Graphical abstract
Comparison of 3T and 7T magnetic resonance imaging for direct visualization of finger flexor pulley rupture: an ex-vivo study
Authors: Bayer Thomas , Bächter Lilly , Lutter Christoph , Janka Rolf , Uder Michael , Schöffel Völker , Roemer Frank W. , Nagel Armin M. , Heiss Rafael 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
To compare image quality and diagnostic performance of 3T and 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for direct depiction of finger flexor pulleys A2, A3 and A4 before and after artificial pulley rupture in an ex-vivo model using anatomic preparation as reference.

Materials and Methods
30 fingers from 10 human cadavers were examined at 3T and 7T before and after being subjected to iatrogenic pulley rupture. MRI protocols were comparable in duration, both lasting less than 22 min. Two experienced radiologists evaluated the MRIs. Image quality was graded according to a 4-point Likert scale. Anatomic preparation was used as gold standard.

Results
In comparison, 7T versus 3T had a sensitivity and specificity for the detection of A2, A3 and A4 pulley lesions with 100% vs. 95%, respectively 98% vs. 100%. In the assessment of A3 pulley lesions sensitivity of 7T was superior to 3T MRI (100% vs. 83%), whereas specificity was lower (95% vs. 100%). Image quality assessed before and after iatrogenic rupture was comparable with 2.74 for 7T and 2.61 for 3T. Visualization of the A3 finger flexor pulley before rupture creation was significantly better for 7 T (p < 0.001). Interobserver variability showed substantial agreement at 3T (κ = 0.80) and almost perfect agreement at 7T (κ = 0.90).

Conclusion
MRI at 3T allows a comparable diagnostic performance to 7T for direct visualization and characterization of finger flexor pulleys before and after rupture, with superiority of 7T MRI in the visualization of the normal A3 pulley.
Crop coefficients of natural wetlands and riparian vegetation to compute ecosystem evapotranspiration and the water balance
Authors: Pereira Luis S. , Paredes Paula , Espírito-Santo Dalila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWetlands, namely the riparian ones, play a major role in landscape and water resources functionalities and provide enormous opportunities for ecosystems services. However, their area at globe scale is continuously decreasing due to appropriation by the riverain communities or by allocation of water resources to other uses, namely irrigation, in prejudice of natural wetlands. Due to the high competition for water, namely for agricultural irrigation, the calculation of the vegetation evapotranspiration (ETc), i.e. the consumptive water use of the wetland ecosystems, is mandatory for determining water supply–demand balance at various scales. Providing for the basin and local levels the reason for this review study on ETc to be presented in an irrigation focused Journal. The review also aims to make available adequate Kc values relative to these ecosystems in an ongoing update of FAO guidelines on evapotranspiration. The review on ETc of natural wetlands focused on its computation adopting the classical FAO method, thus the product of the FAO-PM grass reference ETo by the vegetation specific Kc, i.e., ETc = Kc ETo. This approach is not only the most common in agriculture but is also well used in natural wetlands studies, with Kc values fully related with vegetation ecosystems characteristics. A distinction was made between riparian and non-riparian wetland ecosystems due to differences between main types of water sources and main vegetation types. The Kc values are tabulated through grouping wetlands according to the climate since the variability of Kc with vegetation, soil, and water availability would require data not commonly available from the selected studies. Tabulated values appear to be coherent and appropriate to support field estimation of Kc and ETc for use in wetlands water balance when not measured but weather data may be available to compute the grass reference ETo. ETc and the water balance could then be estimated since they are definitely required to further characterization and monitoring of wetlands, defining measures for their protection, and assessing ecosystems’ services.
Der Embryonenbegriff vor dem Hintergrund integrierter Embryomodelle
Authors: Röttger Sara 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Forschung an stammzellbasierten Embryomodellen hat insbesondere in den letzten beiden Jahren große
Erfolge erzielt. Die anvisierte Abbildung der Embryogenese wirft das Problem auf, dass der ethische als
auch rechtliche Status dieser embryoähnlichen Entitäten diskutiert werden muss. Nationale Legaldefinitionen
von Embryonen sind oftmals Basis für fortführende Rechtsrahmen und müssen aus Gründen
der Rechtssicherheit konkretisiert werden.
Unmet supportive care needs among cancer patients: exploring cancer entity-specific needs and associated factors
Authors: Springer Franziska , Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja , Gebhardt Claudia , Stolzenburg Jens-Uwe , Briest Susanne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Recognizing unmet care needs among cancer patients is crucial for improving a person-centered and tailored approach to survivorship care. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of unmet supportive care needs, pinpointing entity-specific areas of burden, and to identify factors associated with unmet needs within a diverse sample of cancer patients.

Methods
In this cross-sectional sub-study of a large multicenter study, 944 adult cancer patients reported supportive care needs via the well-validated SCNS. Most frequent diagnoses included breast (n = 276), prostate (n = 237), hematological (n = 90) and gynecological cancer (n = 74), which were analyzed for entity-specific care needs.

Results
Across most cancer entities, health system and information, and psychological needs were most commonly reported, with fear of the cancer spreading and information regarding cancer control/diminishment ranking as the most prevalent individual concerns. Notable differences in entity-specific needs emerged for gynecological cancer patients, who exhibited more psychological (p = 0.007, OR = 2.01) and physical needs (p = 0.005, OR = 2.02), and prostate cancer patients, who showed higher sexuality needs (p < 0.001, OR = 2.95) but fewer psychological (p < 0.001, OR = 0.55), physical (p < 0.001, OR = 0.31) and patient care needs (p = 0.006, OR = 0.62). Non-distressed participants had fewer supportive care needs in each domain (all p < 0.001). Patients with functional impairments and female respondents reported increased unmet needs across most domains.

Conclusion
The high prevalence of patients feeling inadequately informed about their disease and care aspects, particularly among those with functional impairments, reflects a key challenge in the healthcare system. Specific interventions and improvements in patient-doctor communication are essential to address cancer entity-specific care needs.
Clinical outcomes of triclosan-coated barbed suture in open hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Berrevoet F. , van Cauteren L. , Gunja N. , Danker W. A. , Schmitz N.-D. , Tomaszewski J. , Stern L. , Chandak A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We assessed clinical outcomes of patients undergoing open hernia repair using STRATAFIX™ Symmetric, a barbed triclosan-coated suture (TCS; Ethicon), versus conventional polydioxanone suture (PDS) for abdominal wall closure.

Methods
This single-center retrospective cohort study identified patients undergoing hernia repair. The site used PDS from 2013 to 2016 and switched exclusively to barbed TCS in 2017. Outcomes were assessed at 30, 60, and 90 days. Multivariate regression analyses and Cox proportional hazards models were used.

Results
Of 821 hernia repairs, 446 used barbed TCS and 375 used conventional PDS. Surgical site infections (SSIs) were significantly less frequent with barbed TCS (60 days, 5.9% vs. 11.4%; P = 0.0083; 90 days, 5.9% vs. 11.7%; P = 0.006) and this remained consistent after multivariate adjustment (60 days, OR [95% CI]: 0.5 [0.3–0.9]; 90 days, 0.5 [0.3–0.9]). Among patients with SSI, deep SSIs were less frequent with barbed TCS (60 days, 9.1% vs. 35.7%; P = 0.022; 90 days, 9.1% vs. 34.9%; P = 0.0252). Barbed TCS significantly reduced the risk of perioperative complications (HR [95% CI]: 0.5[0.3–0.8]; P = 0.0058). Hospital length of stay was 2.5 days shorter with barbed TCS (mean [95% CI]: 5.7[4.9–6.6] vs. 8.2[7.3–9.1] days; P < 0.0001). No differences in reoperation rate over time were observed by type of suture (HR[95% CI]:1.3 [0.5–3.4]; P = 0.4793).

Conclusions
This study showed that patients who underwent open hernia repair appeared to recover equally well regardless of the suture type. In addition, the use of barbed TCS was associated with significantly reduced risk of perioperative complications and hospital length of stay.
Genetic alterations and allele frequency of BRAF V600E and TERT mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma with intermediate-to-high recurrence risk: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Jiayu , Wang Jiazhi , Xv Jingchao , Wang Jingran , Wang Guangzhi , Zhao Yongfu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe predictive value of allele frequency (AF) of BRAF V600E and TERT mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the AF of BRAF V600E and TERT mutations in intermediate-to-high risk PTC and their association between tumor invasiveness, prognosis, and other mutations. Probe hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing were used to quantitatively test 40 gene loci in 94 intermediate-to-high recurrence risk PTC patients, combined with clinical characteristics and follow-up for retrospective analysis. BRAF V600E mutation AF was linked to a increased risk of thyroid capsule penetration, recurrence, and concurrent mutations. Concurrent mutations could lead to a worse prognosis and increased invasiveness. TERT promoter mutation frequently accompanied other mutations and resulted in a poorer prognosis. However, there was no clear association between the TERT mutation AF and tumor invasiveness or recurrence. The sensitivity and specificity of predicting recurrence in intermediate-to-high risk PTC with BRAF V600E mutation AF > 28.2% were 60 and 80%. Although genetic alterations in PTC can differ among different ethnicities, the AF of BRAF V600E and TERT mutations may be similar. The AF of BRAF V600E has the potential to be a novel indicator in predicting PTC invasiveness and prognosis.