bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-pulmonary surgical tuberculosis
Authors: Faber R G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Fifty-one cases of non-pulmonary surgical tuberculosis are reviewed, 29 of the cases being immigrants. Of the 44 ‘new’ cases, tuberculosis was not among the preoperative differential diagnoses in 15. Lymphnodes were the site of the disease in more than half the cases. In only 29 cases was an operative specimen sent for bacteriological culture, and the necessity for culturing operative specimens and the reasons for the failure of isolation of tubercle bacilli in 50 per cent of the cultures are discussed. The impression that tuberculosis is not sufficiently considered by doctors in the preoperative differential diagnosis of several surgical presentations, especially in English patients, is confirmed.
Renovascular hypertension: The place of renal autotransplantation
Authors: Clunie G J A , Hartley L C J , Collins G M , Gordon R D 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Six cases of hypertension due to renal artery stenosis were treated by renal autotransplantation, with cure in 4 cases and significant improvement in the other 2 cases. The procedure allows reconstruction of complex arterial lesions before revascularization, and should be preferred to nephrectomy whenever technically possible.
The management of carcinoma of the breast by radical supervoltage radiation
Authors: Strickland Paul 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A high-dose radiation technique for the management of inoperable carcinoma of breast is described, and the results of the treatment of 385 consecutive cases are outlined. The morbidity is considerable. Supervoltage radiotherapy can usually arrest the primary disease and cure a substantial number of cases. The quality of life enjoyed by the survivors is good.
The effects of intravenous and intraduodenal feeding on nitrogen balance after surgery
Authors: Hindmarsh J T , Clark R G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
To assess the value of nutrition in the first week after surgery, total nitrogen balance was determined in three groups of patients (two experimental, one control) undergoing vagotomy and pyloroplasty from 1 day before to 8 days after operation. In the experimental groups nutrition was maintained postoperatively by the intravenous route in one and intraduodenally in the other at a level adequate for normal non-postoperative subjects. Water and electrolyte intakes were similar in the three groups, but patients in the control group received no calories or nitrogen in the immediate postoperative period.
With respect to nitrogen economy, the group fed largely by the intraduodenal route fared best. Nevertheless, nitrogen balance did not reach equilibrium until day 5 in any group, probably indicating a relative increase in protein catabolism in the early postoperative period.
Surgical treatment of aneurysm of the thoracic aorta under a temporary external by-pass shunt
Authors: Inoue Tadashi , Shohtsu Akira , Kawada Kozo , Nagai Izumi , Tanaka Susumu , Takeuchi Shigeyuki , Sohma Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Twenty-eight patients were operated upon for aneurysm of the thoracic aorta using a temporary external by-pass shunt. Four early deaths occurred, the cause of which could not be related to the by-pass procedure itself. The temporary long external by-pass from the left subclavian artery or from the ascending aorta to the femoral artery was preferable for resection of an aneurysm of the descending aorta or the distal aortic arch which required cross-clamping of the aorta.
Selection of operation for duodenal ulcer based on acid secretory studies—A reappraisal
Authors: Robbs J V , Bank S , Marks I N , Louw J H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The incidence of recurrent duodenal or jejunal ulceration was assessed 5–10 years after selective surgery for duodenal ulceration in 253 patients after vagotomy and drainage and in 55 patients after vagotomy and antrectomy.
In the vagotomy and drainage group 8.6 per cent of the patients developed proven or highly suspected recurrent duodenal or jejunal ulcer. None of these patients had preoperative maximal acid output (M.A.O.) values less than 25 mEq. per hour. No recurrent jejunal ulcers occurred in the vagotomy and antrectomy group despite the fact that they had the same incidence of incomplete vagotomy by Hollander's criteria as the vagotomy and drainage group.
It is suggested that a policy of selection of patients for vagotomy and drainage based on a preoperative M.A.O. of 25 mEq. per hour seems more justified and realistic than the previously used level of 40–50 mEq. per hour. Vagotomy and antrectomy should probably be employed if the M.A.O. is greater than 25 mEq. per hour.
The buerger syndrome in java. A description of the clinical syndrome and some aspects of its aetiology
Authors: Hill G L , Moeliono J , Tumewu F , Brataamadja D , Tohardi A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case control field survey was carried out on 106 Indonesian patients with spontaneous peripheral gangrene. In 101 patients the disease was a four-limb youthful type of peripheral vascular disease occurring in young male smokers. Migratory superficial thrombophlebitis was present in 38 patients. This constellation of signs and symptoms was similar to that described for the Buerger syndrome.
Of the aetiological factors studied, tobacco, cold injury, familial aggregation, and a past history of mycotic infection may be of significance.
Metabolic changes following varying degrees of partial hepatectomy in the rat
Authors: Wood C B , Karran S J , Blumgart L H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The metabolic and functional changes that follow hepatectomy in the rat are related to the extent of liver resection. Regenerating liver cells show an impaired ability to excrete bilirubin, bromsulphophthalein, and 125I Rose Bengal during the early postoperative period.
An unusual presentation of gas gangrene
Authors: Fraser-Moodie Alistair 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Gas gangrene is now uncommon in this country, particularly as a postoperative complication of elective abdominal surgery. A case of a patient who developed gas gangrene of the scrotum after a sigmoid colectomy for diverticulitis is described. A search through the relevant literature failed to reveal any similar cases.
Choledochoscopy in choledocholithiasis
Authors: Longland C J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Stones are overlooked in the bile-ducts during operations for gall-stones sufficiently often to pose a continuing problem. The choledochoscope, first described 50 years ago, has recently been developed to a degree which makes it valuable in locating common-duct stones, besides permitting observation of changes in the ducts which are not otherwise demonstrable.
At 37 duct explorations, among a total of 135 gallstone operations, endoscopy was found valuable in clarifying equivocal pre-exploratory cholangiograms, or on occasion taking their place, and in detecting stones not removed using the usual methods of detection. It is suggested that endoscopy is quicker and more readily repeatable than post-lithotomy cholangiography, is unaffected by bubbles entering the duct system, and avoids exposure of staff and patient to X-rays. However, it should be used in conjunction with pre-exploratory cholangiography.
Emergency oesophageal transection in uncontrolled variceal haemorrhage
Authors: George P , Brown C , Ridgway G , Crofts B , Sherlock S 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results of emergency oesophageal transection are described. The overall operative mortality-rate was 45 per cent. There were no operative deaths in the patients with extrahepatic obstruction and normal liver function. The operative mortality-rate for the patients with cirrhosis was 53 per cent, or a salvage rate of 47 per cent if one considers that this is a highly selected group of patients (albeit negatively)–patients with impaired liver function who had not responded to intensive medical treatment and who were still bleeding at the time of surgery.
Interposition teflon mesenteric caval shunt for bleeding oesophageal varices
Authors: Giles G R , Brennan T G , Losowsky M S 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A modified mesenteric caval shunt using a Teflon ‘H’ prosthesis has been performed in 4 poor-risk patients with cirrhosis and exsanguinating haemorrhage from oesophageal varices and a fifth patient with portal vein thrombosis. Although 2 patients ultimately died, the procedure was effective in arresting the haemorrhage and is technically simple to perform.
Thermography in the diagnosis of occlusive vascular disease of the lower limb
Authors: McLoughlin G A , Rawsthorne G B 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
An assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of thermography in arterial disease of the lower limb is reported. By comparing the arteriographic and thermographic appearances of 52 patients, three independent observers had overall agreement of interpretation in approximately 50 per cent of cases. Factors found to limit accuracy were increasing subcutaneous fat thickness and localized disease with good collateral circulation.
Blunt abdominal injury: A review of 59 consecutive cases undergoing surgery
Authors: Bolton P M , Wood C B , Quartey-Papafio J B , Blumgart L H 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A consecutive series of 59 patients undergoing laparotomy as a result of blunt abdominal trauma is reported. Road-traffic accidents were the most common cause of blunt abdominal trauma and frequently produced a complex pattern of associated injuries. There were 8 deaths, giving a mortality-rate of 14 per cent. The number of associated injuries was the most important single factor influencing the mortality-rate. Delay in diagnosis occurred in 14 patients, and this may contribute to the high mortality-rate of blunt abdominal injury. A high index of suspicion, thorough and repeated clinical assessment, and willingness to resort to laparotomy are the main principles in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal injury.
Closed injury of the external iliac and common femoral arteries
Authors: Brady M P , Keaveny T V , Fitzgerald P A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Two cases of traumatic closed injury of the iliofemoral arterial segment incurred while working at sea are reported. These cases share many similarities which are discussed together with general observations on the management of such injuries. The need for repair utilizing the by-pass principle rather than direct procedures on the involved segment is stressed.
A sterile ‘Use-Once’ clip applicator for skin closure
Authors: Annis David 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A sterile disposable applicator for skin clips has been used for the closure of skin incisions in 117 consecutive operations. These have included most of the standard incisions in the head, neck, trunk, and limbs. The instrument has proved satisfactory in use, the skin incisions having healed satisfactorily with much time having been saved in their closure.
Vagotomy and pyloroplasty in the elective treatment of gastric ulcer
Authors: Lawson W R , Hutchison J S F 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Vagotomy and pyloroplasty have been used in the elective treatment of gastric ulcer in 72 patients. In 33 patients there was associated duodenal ulcer (G.D.U.). In the other 39 patients (G.U.) there was no evidence of duodenal ulcer. Patients with prepyloric gastric ulcer were excluded. The operative mortality was nil.
At an average follow-up of 3 1/2 years the functional results in the G.U. group were good for 89 per cent of the cases, satisfactory for 5-5 per cent, and poor for 5-5 per cent compared with 73, 10, and 17 per cent respectively in the G.D.U. group. Two patients in each group showed recurrent ulcer, an incidence of 5-4 per cent in the G.U. group and 6-7 per cent in the G.D.U. group. There is no statistically significant difference in these results.
Vagotomy and pyloroplasty appear to comprise a satisfactory treatment for gastric ulcer whether or not the ulcer is associated with duodenal ulcer. The present findings do not support the view that the good results previously reported were due to the inclusion of patients with pre-pyloric gastric ulcer or with associated duodenal ulcer.
Three patients showed malignancy in the ulcer and a further case has been recorded in the total of 102 patients undergoing surgery during the period of the review (an incidence of 4 per cent), underlining the need for biopsy of the ulcer in all cases.
The gastro-oesophageal junction before and after operations for duodenal ulcer
Authors: Thomas P A , Earlam R J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Thirty-seven patients with duodenal ulceration were studied with oesophageal manometry preoperatively and then again 6–12 months after operation. In 28 patients who had been treated by truncal vagotomy and either a pyloroplasty or a gastroenterostomy the length of the zone of elevated pressure at the gastro-oesophageal junction was reduced, although the maximum pressure was unchanged. In 9 patients who had had a Polya partial gastrectomy the zone was also shortened, but there was a significant fall in the maximum pressure as well. It is suggested that this reduction of the resting pressure in the sphincter may account for the gastro-oesophageal reflux which is frequently seen after a Polya partial gastrectomy, and may be caused by low circulating gastrin levels since the antrum has been removed.
An investigation into the spread of bacterial infection in lower-limb amputations
Authors: Weaver P C , Chattopadhyay B , Angel J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
An investigation into the spread of bacterial infection in lower-limb amputations carried out for ischaemia and terminal gangrene of the limb is reported. Under the conditions described in the study the spread of infection through the deep tissues of the leg does not appear to be as important as external infection which occurs following contamination in the operating theatre or in the ward when the wound remains unhealed. In many cases where bacterial contamination or infection of the amputation site occurred the organisms responsible had also been isolated from the gangrenous lesions in the limb. Thus documentation of the bacterial flora at the gangrenous site should not be ignored.
A functional and social review of lower-limb amputees
Authors: Weaver P C , Marshall S A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results of 119 lower-limb amputations for ischaemic disease in 105 patients over a 6-year period are reviewed to assess their progress and rehabilitation. The patients had an average age of 69.84 years at the time of the first amputation. The hospital mortality was 18.1 per cent. Life expectancy after amputation was seldom more than 3 years. A long period of hospitalization was accepted in order to achieve a high proportion of rehabilitated patients. Of those discharged, only 6 who came from their own homes had to be sent to an institution.
A study was made of the 52 surviving amputees. Forty-six patients were visited in their homes. The remaining 6 patients were traced and followed up by letter. A high standard of rehabilitation was maintained once amputees had been satisfactorily settled into the community, even though 11 out of 44 ambulant patients discontinued walking in favour of a wheelchair life.
Primary argentaffinoma of the ovary
Authors: Jagoe W S , Gallagher N G , Gearty G F , Logan P J 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A case is presented of primary argentaffinoma of the ovary, without metastases, that gave rise to the systemic manifestation of the carcinoid syndrome. Removal of the tumour led to regression of all symptoms. This case illustrates that single argentaffinoma tumours which drain directly into the systemic venous system may cause the carcinoid syndrome and removal may be curative in that the disease process is arrested.
Radioactive iodine therapy for thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Greig William R 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Radioactive iodine has been used to treat over 300,000 thyrotoxic patients since 1946. This paper reviews the knowledge gained in the past 23 years about the efficacy and safety of 131I therapy for thyrotoxicosis. Modifications with reference to case selection, dosage, and follow-up are discussed.
A review of 15 years' experience in the use of sclerotherapy in the control of acute haemorrhage from oesophageal varices
Authors: Johnston George W , Rodgers Harold W 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The results of 15 years of sclerotherapy for acute variceal haemorrhage are reviewed retrospectively. One hundred and seventeen patients with portal hypertension received a total of 217 injections. Haemorrhage was controlled in 93 per cent of admissions. The mortality per injection was under 12 per cent, and the total admission mortality was 18 per cent. Even where a subsequent shunt was impracticable, sclerotherapy provided useful palliation with few serious complications.
Early changes in the post-phlebitic limb: Their clinical significance
Authors: Corrigan T P , Kakkar V V 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The long-term results of treatment of the established post-phlebitic syndrome by compression sclerotherapy or by ligation of incompetent perforating veins were unsatisfactory in approximately 40 per cent of patients. Changes in superficial venous pressure during exercise occurred when the deep veins were recanalized and the perforating veins became incompetent. These pressure changes could be used to select patients likely to develop the full syndrome. It is suggested that development of an intractable syndrome might be prevented if ligation of incompetent perforating and deep veins is performed before tissue changes become established.
Inhibition of human gastric secretion by prostaglandin
Authors: Carter D C , Karim S M M , Bhana D , Ganesan P A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The synthetic analogue prostaglandin 15(R)15 methyl-E2 methyl ester is a potent inhibitor of basal and pentagastrin-induced acid secretion when given orally to male volunteers. Intravenous injection of the same dose of the analogue did not result in significant inhibition. The analogue is thought to reduce acid secretion by a direct effect on the parietal cell and differs from its parent prostaglandin E2 by its resistance to rapid enzymic degradation.
The possible physiological significance of prostaglandin E2 in human gastric secretion is considered and the potential therapeutic role of its 15(R)15 methyl analogue is discussed.
Phytobezoar after vagotomy with drainage or resection
Authors: Mir A M , Mir M A 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Two cases of bezoar formation after vagotomy and drainage are reported. A review of the literature reveals the stomach to be the most common site of bezoar formation after operations involving vagotomy, whereas most bezoars occurring after gastrectomy are found in the small intestine. The reasons for this difference are discussed, as well as the clinical features and treatment of bezoar.
Cigarette consumption and atherosclerosis their relationship in the aorta and iliac and femoral arteries
Authors: Lawton G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The relationship between cigarette consumption and stenotic and occlusive atherosclerotic disease of the lower abdominal aorta and iliac and femoral arteries has been investigated by means of lumbar aortography. Cigarette smoking appears to be associated with atherosclerosis of these vessels. This association seems to be quantitatively related in the lower abdominal aorta, but the relationship is less marked for the iliac vessels and the severity of the disease in the femoral arteries does not appear to be related quantitatively to cigarette consumption. The failure to show a quantitative association in the more peripheral vessels could either be due to limitations and artefacts produced by the method of measurement, or suggest that the atherosclerotic lesions at different levels in the arterial tree are not necessarily homogeneous in nature.
Effect of corporal and antral gastrojejunostomy on canine gastric emptying of solid spheres and liquids
Authors: Kelly Keith A , Morley Kenneth D , Wilbur Bruce G 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Gastric emptying of solids and liquids was measured in 12 dogs with and without corporal or antral gastrojejunostomy. Both types of stoma hastened the onset but did not alter the time from onset to complete emptying of 40 small plastic spheres. Corporal gastrojejunostomy slowed the emptying of 400 ml. of 154 mM NaCl but not of 500 mM glucose, whereas antral gastrojejunostomy slowed the emptying of both.
Abo blood groups in occlusive and ectatic arterial disease
Authors: Morris Tom , Bouhoutsos John 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
A study of 864 patients with occlusive disease and 246 with ectatic disease was made with reference to their ABO blood groups. The results confirmed the findings of other workers that occlusive disease and myocardial infarction occur more commonly in group-A individuals and that blood group O seems to confer some immunity to occlusive disease. There was also a probable correlation between group A and ectatic disease, but belonging to group O did not seem to confer any protection in this disease. It was also found that the incidence of myocardial infarction was much lower in ectatic disease than in occlusive disease. It is suggested that ectatic disease and occlusive disease are two distinct entities.
Strangulated external hernia associated with generalized peritonitis
Authors: Ekwueme O 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Thirteen patients are described in whom strangulated external hernia was associated with generalized peritonitis. The causes of this combination are discussed.
Although the features of peritonitis are usually quite distinguishable from those of an uncomplicated strangulated hernia, in virtually all the cases previously reported in the literature the presence of peritonitis was not recognized until operation for the hernia was undertaken. Increased awareness of this complication and a conscious effort to exclude it resulted in the correct preoperative diagnosis in 4 of our patients.
When the peritonitis is recognized preoperatively it is suggested that a laparotomy should be performed to deal with the intraperitoneal lesion, and that the associated groin hernia should be repaired by a preperitoneal approach through the laparotomy incision.
The problem of local recurrence following conservative surgery for carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Bailey M E , Ratnavel K , Wyatt A P 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
Follow-up of patients after local excision of carcinoma of the breast indicated that there was a high incidence of local recurrence and that this could be a difficult problem to manage. A retrospective study was performed comparing 50 patients who had undergone local excision and radiotherapy with 50 patients following simple mastectomy and radiotherapy. Local recurrence occurred in 16 per cent of the local excision group compared with 2 per cent in the simple mastectomy group.
Regeneration of parietal and visceral peritoneum in the immature animal: A light and electron microscopical study
Authors: Raftery A T 
Published: March 2007

Abstract
The healing of visceral and parietal peritoneum has been investigated in the immature animal by both light and electron microscopy. Healing has been found to occur more rapidly in the immature animal when compared with the adult animal. Parietal peritoneum was covered by a new mesothelium in 7 days, while the liver was covered in 5 days. The new mesothelium developed from subperitoneal perivascular connective-tissue cells but it was not possible to determine whether these were primitive mesenchymal cells or fibroblasts. The findings are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of peritoneal adhesions.