bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the level of physical activity and body mass index to the risk of developing blood pressure among overweight and obese young adults in the Northern Emirates city: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Choudhary Naina , Gopal Kumaraguruparan , K Praveenkumar , D Satheeskumar , Hazari Animesh , Muthukrishnan Ramprasad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Obesity affects both adults and children all over the world and it is a major causative factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, different types of cancer, and even death. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of PA and BMI to the risk of developing high BP among overweight and obese young adults.
Methodology: The study was carried out in the Thumbay Medi-city Northern Emirates, Ajman, UAE. Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (CoHS, GMU (IRB-COHS-STD-110-JUNE-2023).
Results: Out of 206 participants, 139 were overweight and 67 were obese. Further, 89 were found to have high normal BP, 93 normal BP, and 24 were found to have optimal blood pressure. The mean GPA scores were 322.8±62.28 in overweight individuals and 301.17±49.05 in obese individuals. Furthermore, among overweight and obese participants there is a weak correlation between PA & BMI (r=0.06, p= 0.88) and (r=0.15, p= 0.44) and the BP and BMI (r=0.18, p= 1.02) and (r= 0.16, p= 0.90) were found.
Conclusion: Although PA, BMI, and BP are assumed to be related variables leading to various non-communicable diseases the present study showed a weak correlation between the level of PA and BMI to the risk of developing BP among overweight and obese young adults in the Northern Emirates.
Deficiency of SDHC promotes metastasis by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ding Zhuoyu , Wei Yiyi , Dai Jingping , Pan Chaomin , Yang Li , Li Qingyuan , Zhang Yue , Yan Qun , Wu Changjie , Li Aimin , Liu Side , Lan Zhixian , Wang Xinke 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Several studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between impaired Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) function and the advancement of tumors. As a subunit of SDH, succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (SDHC) has been revealed to play tumor suppressive roles in several cancers, while its specific role in colorectal cancer (CRC) still needs further investigation.
Methods
The effects of SDHC on the metastasis of CRC cells were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. To reveal the mechanisms underlying SDHC, drug screening and RNA sequencing were carried out. Molecular and biological experiments were conducted to uncover the mechanisms of dysregulated lipid accumulation caused by SDHC.
Results
Downregulation of SDHC was found to be closely associated with a poor prognosis in CRC. SDHC knockdown promoted CRC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Through drug screening and Gene set enrichment analysis, it was discovered that SDHC downregulation was positively associated with the fatty acid metabolism pathways significantly. The effects of SDHC silencing on metastasis were reversed when fatty acid synthesis was blocked. Subsequent experiments revealed that SDHC silencing activated the PI3K/AKT signaling axis, leading to lipid accumulation by upregulating the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A2 (ALDH3A2) and reduction of fatty acid oxidation rate by suppressing the expression of acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A).
Conclusions
SDHC deficiency could potentially enhance CRC metastasis by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathways and reprogramming lipid metabolism.
Factors Associated with Skilled Birth Attendance Utilization Among Women in Enderta District, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Hailesslassie Brhanu , Gebrezigabiher Tesfay , Hailu Kebede 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Ensuring skilled birth attendance utilization combined with emergency obstetric care could prevent 80% of maternal deaths of which 99% occur in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Skilled birth attendants assist in identifying treatable birth complications and thereby saving lives. However, utilization of skilled birth attendance has remained low in LMICs, including Ethiopia and the study area. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and factors associated with skilled birth utilization among women aged 15–49 years in Enderta District, Northern Ethiopia
Methods
Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 434 women aged 15–49 years who gave birth from September 2010 to August 2011. Primary data were collected using pretested close-ended structured questionnaire. The collected data was checked for completeness before being entered into the SPSS software for analysis. The data was then loaded into SPSS version 16 to recode, clean, and recheck missing data values, as well as prepare for descriptive and inferential analysis to investigate factors related to skilled birth attendant utilization.
Results
Response rate of the studied women was 100%. Only11.5% of the women had skilled birth attendance during their recent delivery; and this was overall significantly associated (P = 0.001) with variables include: educational status of (women, husband, children), income, distance to health facility, having health post nearby to village, frequency of visits from HEWs/health workers, advice during antenatal care, access to maternal health information, unfavorable perception toward health workers and health facilities. The inferential findings of the logistic regression model with the predictors were statistically significant [X2 = 259.731(df = 24, n = 434) and P = 0.001]. Moreover, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test provided evidence of well fitted of the predictors (X2= 2.078, p = 0.979).
Conclusion
Skilled birth attendance utilization in the study district is low as that of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys 2011 report for Ethiopia and Tigray; and it was lagging behind more than 7 times to achieve skilled birth attendance utilization target of the 5th MDG. Factors associated with low skilled birth attendance utilization need to be addressed at demand and supply side.
Derivation of two iPSC lines (KAIMRCi004-A, KAIMRCi004-B) from a Saudi patient with Biotin-Thiamine-Responsive Basal Ganglia disease (BTBGD) carrying homozygous pathogenic missense variant in the SCL19A3 gene
Authors: Alowaysi Maryam , Baadhaim Moayad , Al-Shehri Mohammad , Alzahrani Hajar , Badkok Amani , Attas Hanouf , Zakri Samer , Alameer Seham , Malibari Dalal , Hosawi Manal , Daghestani Mustafa , Al-Ghamdi Khalid , Zia Asima , Tegne Jesper , Alfadhel Majid , Aboalola Doaa , Alsayegh Khaled 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The neurometabolic disorder known as biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition linked to bi-allelic pathogenic mutations in the SLC19A3 gene. BTBGD is a neurological disorder characterized by progressive encephalopathy, confusion, seizures, dysarthria, dystonia, and severe disabilities. Diagnosis is difficult due to the disease's rare nature and diverse clinical characteristics. The primary treatment for BTBGD at this time is thiamine and biotin supplementation, while its long-term effectiveness is still being investigated. Despite the lack of knowledge related to genotype-phenotype correlations, the derivation of BTBGD-iPSC lines carrying a homozygous mutation in SLC19A3 constitutes a unique cell model to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular dysfunctions caused by SLC19A3 pathogenic variant and could promote the development of novel therapeutic agents.
Complete sequence and genetic characterization of a novel segmented RNA virus infecting Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Ning Chao , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Xu Zhong-Tian , Li Ting , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Chen Jian-Ping , Li Jun-Min , Mao Qianzhuo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is a significant agricultural pest capable of long-distance migration and transmitting severe rice viruses. This study identified a novel segmented RNA virus in BPH, displaying a close homology to members of a recently discovered virus lineage known as "Quenyaviruses" within the Orthornavia virus kingdom. This newly identified virus was named "Nilaparvata lugens Quenyavirus" (NLQV). NLQV consists of five positive-sense, single-stranded RNAs (+ ssRNAs), with each segment encoding a single open reading frame (ORF). The genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis support the classification of NLQV as a novel member of the Quenyaviruses. Notably, all NLRV segments share the 5'-terminal sequence AUCUG. The characteristic vsiRNA profile of NLQV suggests that the antiviral RNAi pathway of host BPH was activated in response to virus infection. Remarkably, these findings represent the first documented report of Quenyaviruses in planthoppers, contributing to our understanding of Quenyaviruses and expanding our knowledge of insect-specific viruses in planthoppers.
IoT-Based Three-level Water Quality Assessment System for Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Nishan Rejoan Kobir , Akter Shapla , Sony Rayhanul Islam , Hoque Md Mozammal , Anee Meratun Junnut , Hossain Amzad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Industrialization and urbanization both lead to pollution of the environment, particularly of the water. Industrialization and urbanization-related pollution have detrimental consequences both for the environment and for life on Earth. Food poisoning, diarrhea, short-term gastrointestinal problems, respiratory illnesses, skin conditions, and other major health problems can all result from this contaminated water. Most of the waste generated from garment factories is dumped into the closest rivers or canals in a developing nation such as Bangladesh, where the ready-made garment sector is one of the key contributors to the overall gross domestic product (GDP). The quality of water in these bodies has deteriorated to the point that it is no longer suitable for supporting life, making it one of the biggest hazards to both the environment and public health. Furthermore, water pollution in Bangladesh causes a daily decline in the number of fish in Bangladesh's rivers and canals. We must therefore keep an eye on the water quality and identify the causes of pollution if we want to conserve fish, other aquatic life, and the ecosystem. To reduce water pollution, real-time monitoring of water quality is essential. Most methods to reduce water pollution are primarily biological and laboratory-based and require a significant amount of time and resources. To solve this issue, we developed a real-time, three-level water quality monitoring system that is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and integrated with mobile applications. The system suggested in this study collects data from three layers of wastewater and measures some of the most significant indicators of water, including temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and hydrogen potential (pH). The outcomes of the proposed system will significantly improve the health living organisms on Earth by reusing wastewater and preserving the environment.
NAMPT deficiency triggers dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra of mouse
Authors: Chen Cong , Gao Tong-Yao , Wang Tong , Chen Ya-Ling , Lu Yun-Bi , Zhang Wei-Ping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the key enzyme in the salvaging synthesize pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The neuroprotective roles of NAMPT on neurodegeneration have been widely explored in aging brain and Alzheimer’s Disease. However, its roles in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) remain to be elucidated. We found that the dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra expressed higher levels of NAMPT than the other types of neurons. Using conditional knockout of the nampt gene in dopaminergic neurons and utilizing a NAMPT inhibitor in the substantia nigra of mice, we found that the NAMPT deficiency triggered the loss of dopaminergic neurons, the impairment of the dopamine nigrostriatal pathway, and the development of PD-like motor dysfunction. In the rotenone-induced PD mouse model, nicotinamide ribose (NR), a precursor of NAD, rescued the loss of dopaminergic neurons, the impairment of dopamine nigrostriatal pathway, and mitigated PD-like motor dysfunction. In SH-SY5Y cells, NAD suppression induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and cell death, which was reversed by N-acetyl cysteine, an antioxidant and ROS scavenger. Rotenone decreased NAD level, induced the accumulation of ROS and the impairment of mitochondria, which was reversed by NR. In summary, our findings show that NAMPT deficiency is an independent risk factor for the development of PD, and NAD precursors have the potential to rescue degenerative dopaminergic neurons and treat PD.
Gas diffusion property of compacted GMZ bentonite with consideration of saturation and gas pressure
Authors: Ye Wei-min , Ji Yuheng , LU Puhuai , Wang Qiong , Chen Yong-Gui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
During the long-term operation of a deep geological repository, hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide, etc. could be generated and accumulated in bentonite around canisters, threatening integrity and safety of engineering barrier systems. In this work, self-designed test apparatuses were developed. Gas diffusion tests were conducted on GMZ bentonite specimens under both rigid and flexible boundary conditions with consideration of initial saturations and gas pressures. After experienced the gas diffusion tests, the specimens were cut and submitted for the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests. Results revealed that gas diffusion coefficient was obviously influenced by the initial saturations and gas pressures. As gas pressure increased from 1 to 4 MPa, a decrease of 55.3% ~ 58.8% and 17.7% ~ 73.4% in the diffusion coefficient were recorded for the specimens tested under rigid and flexible boundary, respectively. Compared to the rigid boundary conditions, the effective pore volume for gas molecule diffusion was further compressed under flexible boundary, resulting in a relatively poor pore connectivity and a lower gas diffusion coefficient. Meanwhile, the diffusion coefficient decreased with increasing initial saturations for the flexible boundary specimens, while an opposite trend was recorded for the rigid boundary ones. Explanations to this observation could be that under the rigid boundary conditions, specimens with higher initial saturations have larger diameter macro-pores, facilitating the gas diffusion.
A P2RY12 Deficiency Results in Sex-specific Cellular Perturbations and Sexually Dimorphic Behavioral Anomalies
Authors: Uweru Ogochukwu J. , Okojie Kenneth A. , Trivedi Aparna , Benderoth Jordan , Thomas Lauren S. , Davidson Georgia , Cox Kendall , Eyo Ukpong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Microglia are sexually dimorphic, yet, this critical aspect is often overlooked in neuroscientific studies. Decades of research have revealed the dynamic nature of microglial-neuronal interactions, but seldom consider how this dynamism varies with microglial sex differences, leaving a significant gap in our knowledge. This study focuses on P2RY12, a highly expressed microglial signature gene that mediates microglial-neuronal interactions, we show that adult females have a significantly higher expression of the receptor than adult male microglia. We further demonstrate that a genetic deletion of P2RY12 induces sex-specific cellular perturbations with microglia and neurons in females more significantly affected. Correspondingly, female mice lacking P2RY12 exhibit unique behavioral anomalies not observed in male counterparts. These findings underscore the critical, sex-specific roles of P2RY12 in microglial-neuronal interactions, offering new insights into basal interactions and potential implications for CNS disease mechanisms.
Sleep disorders in individuals with dentofacial deformities: a preliminary study on the relationship with sex and serotonin levels
Authors: Bisatto Natália , Crescente Betina , Fritscher Guilherme , Campos Maria Martha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
It has been suggested that dentofacial deformities (DFD) can impair sleep quality. This pilot study aimed at evaluating sleep disorders in individuals with DFD before orthognathic surgery, correlating the clinical findings with salivary biomarker levels.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled ten males and ten females with DFD diagnoses under orthodontic treatment preceding orthognathic surgery. The participants responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Fletcher and Luckett Sleep Questionnaire (FLSQ). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was examined by the Home Sleep Apnea Test (HSAT). The salivary levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), glutamate, and serotonin were measured.
Results
Eighty-five% of individuals presented PSQI and FLSQ scores indicative of sleep alterations. Females had higher scores in part 2 of the FLSQ instrument, referring to sleepiness-associated complaints. HSAT analysis revealed a low number of symptomatic OSA individuals, with three males demonstrating altered oxygen desaturation rates. There was a significant negative correlation between the salivary levels of serotonin and the FLSQ results.
Discussion
Individuals with DFD diagnosis showed poorer sleep quality, which is likely independent of sex and OSA diagnosis, and negatively correlated with salivary levels of serotonin.
Image Segmentation Models as a New Tool to Monitor Disease Risks in Changing Environments
Authors: Trujillano Fedra , Jimenez Gabriel , Manrique Edgar , Kahamba Najat , Okumu Fredros , Apollinaire Nombre , Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel , Barrett Brian , Fornace Kimberly 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: In the near future, mosquito-borne diseases may expand in new sites due to changing temperatures and rainfall patterns caused by climate change. Therefore, there is a need to use recent technological advances to improve vector surveillance methodologies. UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) have been used to collect high-resolution imagery (2-10cm/ pixel) to map detailed information on mosquito habitats and direct control measures to specific areas. Open-source foundation models such as the Meta AI Segment Anything Model (SAM) can facilitate the automation of the manual digitalization process. This model can assist in extracting the features of interest in images of the diverse domains. We evaluated the performance of the Samgeo package, based on SAM, since it has not been applied to analyse remote sensing data for epidemiological studies.
Results: We tested the identification of two landcovers of interest: water bodies and human settlements. Different drone platforms acquired imagery across three malaria-endemic areas: Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. The input was provided through manually located point prompts and text prompts associated with the classes of interest to guide the segmentation and compare the performance in the different geographic contexts. The results indicate that point prompts can significantly decrease the human effort required for annotations. Nevertheless, the performance of text prompts was closely dependent on each object's features and landscape characteristics, resulting in varying performance.
Conclusions:Recent models such as SAM can potentially assist manual digitalization in vector control programs, quickly identifying key features when surveilling an area of interest. However, it still relies on the user manual prompts and corrections to obtain the gold standard segmentation and specific tests and evaluations if intended to be used in rural areas.
Investigation on the lubrication performance of different carbon nanofluids for titanium alloy
Authors: Yang Ye , Luan Hao , Tian Yaru , Si Lina , Yan Hongjuan , Liu Fengbin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Titanium alloys are difficult to machine and have poor tribological properties. This paper investigated the lubricating performance of different carbon nanoparticles in water-based lubrication for titanium alloys. The lubricating performance of four kinds of carbon nanofluids on titanium alloys were tested and the results showed that single-layer graphene had the smallest COF and wear volume. The interaction between nanoparticles and debris was an important factor that influenced the lubrication performance of nanoparticles for titanium alloy. The effect of length on the lubricating property of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. It was found that the shorter the length of the MWCNTs, the lower their friction coefficient and wear volume. Moreover, the hybrid nanofluid with graphene and spherical graphite in a ratio of 1:2 achieved a balance between lubricating performance and price, making it the optimal choice. The mechanisms of these nanoparticles were analyzed and the interaction between nanoparticles and debris was evaluated.
Robust Prediction Method for Pedestrian Trajectories in Occluded Video Scenarios
Authors: Seo Aria , Jeon Hyeonjin , Son Yunsik 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In smart surveillance and intelligent transportation systems, accurately predicting pedestrian movements, especially under occlusions, remains a significant challenge. Traditional surveillance methods, primarily based on fixed CCTV footage, often overlook occlusions, noise, and camera angle changes, leading to inaccuracies in pedestrian trajectory predictions. Addressing this gap, our research introduces a novel trajectory prediction system optimized for various walking and filming conditions. By leveraging the ETH/UCY dataset, we simulate scenarios where pedestrians are temporarily obscured, employing re-identification techniques upon their reappearance to ensure path continuity. Our system utilizes linear prediction to reconstruct missing paths, integrating these with the PECNET baseline model for future path forecasting. This methodology allows for the effective handling of occlusions, a common yet underaddressed issue in current studies. Performance evaluation using Average Displacement Error (ADE) and Final Displacement Error (FDE) metrics reveals our system achieves an ADE of 0.25 meters and an FDE of 0.50 meters, demonstrating comparable accuracy to predictions based on fully visible paths within the same dataset. These results highlight our approach's efficacy in complex environments, marking a significant step forward in occlusion-aware pedestrian movement analysis and prediction for enhanced surveillance system accuracy.