bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and molecular cytogenetic characterization of two patients with non‐mutational aberrations of the FMR2 gene
Authors: Honda Shozo , Hayashi Shin , Kato Mitsuhiro , Niida Yo , Hayasaka Kiyoshi , Okuyama Torayuki , Imoto Issei , Mizutani Shuki , Inazawa Johji 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe report on two patients; a female having mild mental retardation (MR) with a balanced translocation, 46,XX,t(X;15)(q28;p11.2), and a male diagnosed as having mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II or Hunter syndrome) with atypical early‐onset MR and a normal male karyotype. Molecular cytogenetic analyses, including fluorescence in situ hybridization and array‐based comparative genomic hybridization using an in‐house X‐tiling array, revealed that first patient to have a breakpoint at Xq28 lying within the FMR2 gene and the second to have a small deletion at Xq28 including part of FMR2 together with the IDS gene responsible for MPS II. In Patient 1, X‐chromosome inactivation predominantly occurred in the normal X in her lymphocytes, suggesting that her MR might be explained by a disruption of the FMR2 gene on der(X) t(X;15) concomitant with the predominant inactivation of the intact FMR2 gene in another allele. We compared phenotypes of Patient 2 with those of MPS II cases with deletion of the IDS gene alone reported previously, suggesting that the early‐onset MR might be affected by the additional deletion of FMR2. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epstein–Barr virus‐associated B‐cell lymphoma in a patient with DNA ligase IV (LIG4) syndrome
Authors: Toita Nariaki , Hatano Norikazu , Ono Satoru , Yamada Masafumi , Kobayashi Ryoji , Kobayashi Ichiro , Kawamura Nobuaki , Okano Motohiko , Satoh Akira , Nakagawa Atsuko , Ohshima Koichi , Shindoh Masanobu , Takami Tsuyoshi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Ariga Tadashi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA 14‐year‐old Japanese girl with a progressing combined immunodeficiency had developed non‐Hodgkin's diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Her molecular analysis showed a compound heterozygote of novel mutations in the LIG4 gene, M249V substitution and a five nucleotides deletion from nucleotide position 1,270–1,274. She had also a set of characteristic clinical features of LIG4 syndrome. Mutations in the LIG4 gene, which plays a critical role in the repair of DNA double‐strand breaks, imply a correlation with malignancies and several cases with leukemia or lymphoma have already been reported. We report here on a case of LIG4 syndrome complicated with distinct EBV‐associated B‐cell lymphoma. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Untersuchungen und Erfahrungen über die Seitenmittheilung der Bewegung in flüssigen Körpern, angewandt auf die Erklärung verschiedner hydraulischer Erscheinungen
Authors: Venturi J. B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn den Blasewerken durch Wasser ist es die beschleunigende Kraft der Schwere und die Seitenmittheilung der Bewegung welche das Gebläse bewirken, Satz 8; nicht eine Zersetzung des Wassers, Versuch 25. Mögliche Stärke dieses Gebläses.In manchen Fällen lässt sich Wasser, ohne Beihülfe von Maschinen, aus einer Gegend, welche tiefer als der Abzugskanal liegt, ableiten, Satz 9. Anwendung davon auf die Mühlgerinne.Die Wirbel in den Strömen entstehn fast immer durch Seitenmittheilung der Bewegung, Satz 10. Vertikale Wirbel an der Oberfläche und am Boden des Stroms; sie retardiren hauptsächlich die Ströme. Grössere Wasserhöhe bei Ungleichheiten im Bette, als wenn sie fehlten.Theorie der Wirbel, die sich im Wasser, das aus einem Gefässe durch eine horizontale Oeffnung abfliesst, bilden, aus der Lehre von den Central ‐ Kräften abgeleitet, Satz 11. Erscheinung bei denselben erklärt Versuch 26–30.Die Seitenmittheilung der Bewegung findet in der Luft gerade so, wie im Wasser statt, Satz 12. Dadurch entsteht der Ton in den Orgelpfeifen; und die Verstärkung des Schalls in conischen divergirenden Röhren. Merkwürdige Verschiedenheit zwischen den tönenden Schwingungen der Luft in einer Röhre, und die durch die Atmosphäre sich fortpflanzenden Pulsationen.
Rodlet cells and the sensory systems in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Dezfuli Bahram Sayyaf , Capuano Silvia , Simoni Edi , Previati Maurizio , Giari Luisa 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis preliminary work was designed to study, using routine procedures for light and transmission electron microscopy, the presence of rodlet cells (RCs) in or near the sensory systems of 12 adult specimens (4.0 ± 1.2 cm, LT ± SD) of zebrafish, Danio rerio Hamilton, 1822. Rodlet cells, characterized by a distinctive cell cortex (range, 0.4–1.5 μm in thickness) and conspicuous inclusions named “rodlets,” have a round to ovoid nucleus with irregular outline. Mature RCs are 11.5 ± 1.2 μm (mean ± SD) long and 7.8 ± 1.1 μm (mean ± SD) wide. These cells are more numerous near neuromasts enclosed by an epithelial roof and/or ossified canal wall. In contrast, very few RCs were noticed near superficial neuromasts. Based on the presence of RCs around the two cranial neuromasts of each fish, a variable number from 1 to 15 rodlet cells was found (10.4 ± 3.6, mean ± SD). The RCs were located 1.5 μm (minimal) to 73.3 μm (maximal) from the neuromast (27.9 ± 17.2, mean ± SD). Moreover, RCs were found in olfactory epithelium and in proximity to some taste buds. Interestingly, RCs were absent in the inner ear, eye, and brain. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Masticatory muscles of the great‐gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)
Authors: Tomo Soichiro , Tomo Ikuko , Townsend Grant C. , Hirata Kazuaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe great‐gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) belongs to the Diprotodontia suborder (herbivorous marsupials of Australia) of the order of marsupials. We dissected the masticatory muscles in the great‐gray kangaroo and classified them based on their innervation. Three (two male and one female) adult great‐gray kangaroos (M. giganteus), fixed with 10% formalin, were examined. The masseter muscle of the great‐gray kangaroo was classified into four layers (superficial layers 1, 2, 3, and a deep layer), all innervated by masseteric nerves. Layer 1 of the masseter muscle was well developed and the deep layer inserted into the masseteric canal. The zygomaticomandibular muscle, which belongs to both the masseter and temporalis muscles, was innervated by both the masseteric nerve and posterior deep temporal nerve, and the temporalis muscle was innervated by the anterior and posterior deep temporal nerves. The medial pterygoid muscle, which was innervated by the medial pterygoid nerve, was divided into superficial and deep portions. The lateral pterygoid muscle was divided into superior and inferior heads by the buccal nerve. We propose that the relationship of the masticatory muscles in the kangaroo has evolved by passive anterior invasion of the deep layer of the masseter by the medial pterygoid muscle via the masseteric canal, associated with the development of an anteroposterior mode of mastication. Anat Rec 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outstanding problems in local helioseismology
Authors: Gizon L. , Thompson M. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTime‐distance helioseismology and related techniques show great promise for probing the structure and dynamics of the subphotospheric layers of the Sun. Indeed time‐distance helioseismology has already been applied to make inferences about structures and flows under sunspots and active regions, to map long‐lived convective flow patterns, and so on. Yet certainly there are still many inadequacies in the current approaches and, as the data get better and the questions we seek to address get more subtle, methods that were previously regarded as adequate are no longer acceptable. Here we give a short and partial description of outstanding problems in local helioseismology, using time‐distance helioseismology as a guiding example. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Measuring helioseismic travel times
Authors: Roth M. , Gizon L. , Beck J. G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIn time‐distance helioseismology wave travel times are measured from the cross‐correlation between Doppler velocities recorded at any two locations on the solar surface. We compare two different methods to extract the travel times from the noisy cross‐correlation functions. The first method consists of fitting a 5‐parameter analytic function to the crosscorrelation to obtain the phase travel time. The second method consists of linearizing the distance between the observed cross‐correlation and a sliding reference cross‐correlation (the only parameter is the travel time). We find that the oneparameter fits are more robust with respect to noise. Using SOHO data from the MDI Structure Program for the years 1996–2003, we study in detail the statistical properties of the noise associated with the travel‐time measurements for the two different fitting methods. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A procedure for the inversion of f‐mode travel times for solar flows
Authors: Jackiewicz J. , Gizon L. , Birch A. C. , Thompson M. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe perform a two‐dimensional inversion of f‐mode travel times to determine near‐surface solar flows. The inversion is based on optimally localized averaging of travel times. We use finite‐wavelength travel‐time sensitivity functions and a realistic model of the data errors.We find that it is possible to obtain a spatial resolution of 2 Mm. The error in the resulting flow estimate ultimately depends on the observation time and the number of travel distances used in the inversion. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Frequencies of solar oscillations for global and local helioseismology
Authors: Reiter J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBasically, there are two approaches for the analysis of helioseismic data. First, local helioseismology measurements and inversions and, second, global helioseismology which consists in measurements and inversions of p‐mode frequencies and frequency splittings. Both the advantages and disadvantages of global helioseismology and the local technique of ringdiagram analysis are discussed. Also discussed are two fitting methodologies for use in global helioseismology. Finally, a modification of the traditional global helioseismology approach is suggested which allows the extension of spherical harmonic decompositions for local helioseismic studies. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Local helioseismology using ring diagram analysis
Authors: Antia H. M. , Basu S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRing diagram analysis is an extension of global helioseismology that is applied to small areas on the Sun. It can be used to infer the horizontal components of large scale flows as well as the structure, and variations thereof, in the outer convection zone. We describe below the ring‐diagram analysis technique, and some results obtained using this technique. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Value‐added maps: fluid‐dynamics descriptors from ring diagrams
Authors: Komm R. W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe describe fluid‐dynamics descriptors derived from maps of the horizontal flow components measured with ring‐diagram analysis. Here, we focus on quantities, such as vorticity and kinetic helicity density, and discuss three examples of results derived from them: subsurface flows associated with active regions, subsurface flows and flare activity, and large‐scale behavior of horizontal flows. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
eSDO algorithms, data centre and visualization tools
Authors: Auden E. , Toutain T. , Zharkov S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe eSDO project is a UK e‐Science project funded by PPARC to develop solar algorithms, visualization tools and designs for a UK data centre that can be accessed through the UK virtual observatory in preparation for the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) mission in 2008. Algorithms available for use by the solar community include helioseismology applications, coronal feature recognition, and wave power analysis. Visualization tools will allow users to vary time ranges, cadence and resolution and they view streams of images data from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and Helioseismic Magnetic Imager (HMI) instruments. Finally, a prototype UK data centre will demonstrate efficient UK user access to SDO data through both AstroGrid searches and integration with the global SDO data archive. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time distance study of isolated sunspots
Authors: Zharkov S. , Nicholas C. J. , Thompson M. J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe present a comparative seismic study of conditions around and beneath isolated sunspots. Using the European Grid of Solar Observations' Solar Feature Catalogue of sunspots derived from SOHO/MDI continuum and magnetogram data, 1996–2005, we identify a set of isolated sunspots by checking that within a Carrington Rotation there were no other spots detected in the vicinity. We then use level‐2 tracked MDI Dopplergrams available from SOHO website to investigate wave‐speed perturbations of such sunspots using time‐distance helioseismology. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Production of polyvinyl alcohol‐degrading enzyme with Janthinobacterium sp. and its application in cotton fabric desizing
Authors: Du Guocheng , Liu Liming , Song Zhaoxia , Hua Zhaozhe , Zhu Yang , Chen Jian 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA strain capable of using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as sole carbon source was isolated from soil samples of a textile factory. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis cell morphology, physiology and biochemistry showed that it belonged to Janthinobacterium sp. This is the first report to show that the screened Janthinobacterium sp. could degrade PVA. The optimum nutritional and environmental conditions for PVA‐degrading enzyme production by Janthinobacterium sp. were investigated by single‐factor tests. Under optimized nutritional and environmental condition in shake flasks, PVA‐degrading enzyme reached 5.12 U/mL at 21 h. With PVA‐degrading enzyme produced by Janthinobacterium sp. WSH04‐01, 80% of PVA could be degraded from cotton fabrics in 3 h.
A multikinetic model approach to predict gluconic acid production in an airlift bioreactor
Authors: Mayani Mukesh , Mohanty Bikash , Singh Rajesh Pratap 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis paper uses a multikinetic approach to predict gluconic acid (GA) production performance in a 4.5 L airlift bioreactor (ALBR). The mathematical model consists of a set of simultaneous firstorder ordinary differential equations obtained from material balances of cell biomass, GA, glucose, and dissolved oxygen. Multikinetic models, namely, logistic and contois equations constitute kinetic part of the main model. The main model also takes into account the hydrodynamic and mass transfer parameters. These equations were solved using ODE solver of MATLAB v6.5 software. The mathematical model was validated with the experimental data available in the literature and is used to predict the effect of change in initial biomass and air sparging rate on the GA production. It is concluded that the mathematical model incorporated with multikinetic approach would be more efficient to predict the change in operating parameters on overall bioprocess of GA production in an ALBR.
PFG‐NMR diffusometry: A tool for investigating the structure and dynamics of noncommercial purified pig gastric mucin in a wide range of concentrations
Authors: Lafitte G. , Söderman O. , Thuresson K. , Davies J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractFor the first time, Pulsed Field Gradient‐Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, a powerful noninvasive tool for studying the dynamics and structure of complex gels, has been used to measure diffusion of probe molecules in aqueous solutions/gels of noncommercial purified pig gastric mucin (PGM), in a concentration range up to 5 wt %. Complementary data were obtained from rheology measurements. The combination of techniques revealed a strong pH dependency of the structure of the PGM samples while changes in concentration, ionic strength, and temperature appeared to induce less pronounced alterations. Viscosity was found to vary in a nonmonotonous way with pH, with the more viscous solutions found at intermediate pH. We propose that this finding is due to a reduced charge density at lower pH, which is expected to continuously increase the relative importance of hydrophobic associations. The results suggest a loose network of expanded fully charged PGM molecules with considerable mobility at neutral pH (pH 7.4). At intermediate pH (pH 4), a three‐dimensional expanded network is favored. At pH 1, the charge density is low and microphase separation occurs since hydrophobic associations prevail. This leads to the formation of clusters concentrated in PGM molecules separated by regions depleted in PGM. The results obtained increase our knowledge about the gastric mucosal layer, which in vivo contains mucin in the same concentration range as that of the samples investigated here. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 86: 165–175, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
High‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of hydroxylated uroporphyrin and urochlorin derivatives formed by photochemical oxidation of uroporphyrinogen I
Authors: Danton Malcolm , Lim Chang Kee 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHydroxylated uroporphyrin I and urochlorin I derivatives formed by photochemical oxidation of uroporphyrinogen I were separated by high‐performance liquid chromatography and fully characterized by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The porphyrins and chlorins were identified by analysis of their product ion spectra with each hydroxylated derivative giving a characteristic collision‐induced dissociation fragmentation pattern. The porphyrins and chlorins characterized were meso‐hydroxyuroporphyrin I, α‐hydroxypropionic acid uroporphyrin I, β‐hydroxypropionic acid uroporphyrin I, hydroxyacetic acid uroporphyrin I, trans‐7‐hydroxy‐8‐spirolactoneurochlorin I, cis‐7‐hydroxy‐8‐spirolactoneurochlorin I and trans‐ and cis‐7,8‐dihydroxyurochlorins I. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative LC/MS/MS method and pharmacokinetic studies of columbin, an anti‐inflammation furanoditerpen isolated from Radix Tinosporae
Authors: Shi Qirong , Liang Mingjin , Zhang Weidong , Zhang Chuan , Liu Runhui , Shen Yunheng , Li Huiliang , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Xiangwei , Pan Qiongqun , Chen Chunlin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractColumbin is an important component isolated from Radix Tinosporae. It has been demonstrated to possess many pharmacological activities, including anti‐inflammation, antitumor and inhibition of enzyme activity in vivo. The purpose of the present study was to examine in vivo pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of columbin in rats using a high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry quantitative detection method. The columbin was extracted from rat plasma samples by methyl tert‐butyl ether, evaporated and reconstituted in 100 µL methanol prior to analysis. The separation was performed using a Luna reversed‐phase analytical column (5 µm, 100 × 2.0 mm) and an SB‐C18 guard column (5 µm, 20 × 4.0 mm). The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol and water containing 25 mmoL/L NH4Ac (80:20, v/v). The method was validated within the concentration range of 5–5000 ng/mL, and the calibration curves were linear with correlation coefficients (r) >0.999. It was further applied to assess pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of columbin after i.v. and oral administration to rats. The oral bioavailability of columbin was only 3.18%, which indicated that columbin had poor absorption or underwent extensive first‐pass metabolism. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Highly Regioselective Synthesis of 1‐N‐Methyl‐spiro‐[2,3′′′]oxindole‐spiro‐ [3,2′′]indane‐1′′,3′′‐dione‐4‐arylpyrrolidines Through 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Protocol.
Authors: Babu A. R. Suresh , Raghunathan R. , Gayatri G. , Sastry G. Narahari 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Effect of surface coverage of gold(111) electrode with cysteine on the chiral discrimination of DOPA
Authors: Matsunaga Mariko , Nakanishi Takuya , Asahi Toru , Osaka Tetsuya 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe enantioselectivity imparted to a gold electrode by modifying its surface with a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) of cysteine (Cys) was investigated for the electrochemical redox reaction of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). A cyclic voltammetric study of the redox reaction revealed that the enantioselectivity was determined by the surface coverage of the gold electrode with Cys molecules. The electrode modified with ∼1.8 × 1014 Cys molecules cm−2 exhibited enantioselectivity in the voltammogram for the oxidation and reduction of DOPA, while the voltammograms obtained by the electrodes with either more or less surface coverages did not exhibit significant enantioselectivity. It is suggested that the accessibility of DOPA to that area of the gold surface which is not blocked by Cys molecules at an optimum surface coverage, is required for the enantioselective redox reaction of DOPA to proceed. Chirality, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prophylaxis ofPneumocystis cariniipneumonia with atovaquone in children with leukemia
Authors: Madden Renee M. , Pui Ching‐Hon , Hughes Walter T. , Flynn Patricia M. , Leung Wing 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Despite extensive studies of atovaquone in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients, there is little information about its efficacy as a prophylactic agent forPneumocystis cariniipneumonia (PCP) in pediatric patients with cancer. Therefore, a retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the incidence of PCP in pediatric patients who received prophylactic atovaquone during treatment for acute leukemia.METHODS.We reviewed the medical records of all patients treated at our institution for acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia between 1994 and 2004. Only patients who were intolerant of trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMZ) and received atovaquone prophylaxis were included in the analysis.RESULTS.Eighty‐six patients were unable to tolerate TMP‐SMZ and received daily atovaquone for PCP prophylaxis. PCP was not diagnosed in any patient who received atovaquone prophylaxis: the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.74 per 100 person‐years.CONCLUSIONS.Atovaquone is an efficacious alternative for PCP prophylaxis in pediatric patients who have leukemia and are intolerant of TMP‐SMZ. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.