bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Interface Conditions between Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Bone Cement on the Mechanical Behaviour of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Oosterom R , van Ostayen R A J , Antonelli V , Bersee H E N 
Published: October 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the interface condition between polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement and the ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMWPE) glenoid component on cement stresses and glenoid component tilting in a finite element (FE) model. The background of this research is that most FE models assume bonding between the PMMA bone cement and the UHMWPE component, although it is very doubtful that this bonding is present. An FE model of a cemented glenoid component was developed and a joint compression force and subluxation force of 725 and 350 N respectively were applied. The maximal principal stresses in the cement layer ranged between 21.30 and 32.18 MPa. Glenoid component tilting ranged between 0.943° and 0.513°. It was found that the interface condition has a large effect on the maximal principal stresses and glenoid component tilting. Whether adhesion between the UHMWPE component and PMMA bone cement occurs is unknown beforehand and, as a result, design validation using the FE technique should be carried out both by using contact elements in combination with a coefficient of friction as well as by a full bonding at this interface.
Synthesis and Frictional Properties of Poly(2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate) Brush Prepared by Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Kobayashi Motoyasu , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of (2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl methacrylate (1) was carried out from an immobilized initiator on a silicon wafer to result in a high-density polymer brush, which was converted to the hydrophilic polymer brush consisting of 2,3-dihyroxypropyl methacrylate (2) units, successively. The poly(2) brush showed low dynamic friction coefficient in water.
Chemical Compositions of Secondary Organic Aerosol from the Ozonolysis of Cyclohexene in the Absence of Seed Particles
Authors: Sato Kei 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The composition of the aerosol from the ozonolysis of cyclohexene in the absence of seed particles has been investigated by laboratory chamber experiments. The aerosol collected on filters was analyzed by a liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Low-molecular weight products, i.e., dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids, and hydroxydicarboxylic acids, as well as oligomers with molecular weights more than 200 were found in the aerosol.
An Efficient Method for the Preparation of Carboxamides by Dehydration Condensation Using Tetrakis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propoxy)silane
Authors: Tozawa Takashi , Yamane Yoshinobu , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The use of tetraalkoxysilanes, particularly tetrakis(perfluoroalkoxy)silanes, in dehydration condensation of carboxylic acids with amines was investigated. Tetrakis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propoxy)silane, Si[OCH(CF3)2]4, prepared easily from silicon tetrachloride and sodium 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propoxide, was found to be an effective dehydrating reagent for preparing various carboxamides in good to high yields from the corresponding carboxylic acids and amines.
Local Environments of Slags: The First Application of 43Ca 3QMAS NMR Technique
Authors: Shimoda Keiji , Tobu Yasuhiro , Kanehashi Koji , Nemoto Takahiro , Saito Koji 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
We first applied 43Ca 3QMAS NMR spectroscopy for 43Ca-enriched model slags. Local environments of Ca2+ ions in slow- and rapid-quench model slags were found to be different each other. The slow-quench slag has well-defined CaO8 polyhedra in a crystalline form, although the rapid-quench slag is considered to have CaO6 octahedral species as a main component.
Control of Selectivity Based on the Diffusion Rates of the Reactants in the Oxidation of Mixed Hydrocarbons with Molecular Oxygen over Silica-coated Pt Catalysts
Authors: Takenaka Sakae , Hori Kunio , Matsune Hideki , Kishida Masahiro 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Pt metal catalyst covered with silica layers oxidized methane preferentially in the competitive oxidation of methane and isobutane with gaseous oxygen. Selectivity in the competitive oxidation of mixed hydrocarbons over the catalyst was controlled by the diffusion rates of the reactants in the silica layers which wrapped Pt metal particles.
Microwave-induced Fabrication of MFI Zeolite Crystal Films onto Various Metal Oxide Substrates
Authors: Hwang Young Kyu , Lee U-Hwang , Chang Jong-San , Kwon Young-Uk , Park Sang-Eon 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Thin films comprising oriented and micropatterned Si-MFI molecular sieves have been synthesized with metal oxide nanoparticles as a chemical glue by using microwave irradiation technique and soft lithography which can be applied to uniform coating of micropatterned molecular sieves.
Organic Metals Based on an Asymmetric π Donor PEDT-TSF, (PEDT-TSF)2FeX4 (PEDT-TSF = Pyrazinoethylenedithiotetraselenafulvalene; X = Cl, Br)
Authors: Otsubo Saika , Takahashi Kazuyuki , Cui HengBo , Okano Yoshinori , Kobayashi Hayao 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
(PEDT-TSF)2FeCl4 is the first κ-type organic metal based on an asymmetric π donor with a pyrazine ring, PEDT-TSF. (PEDT-TSF)2FeBr4 has another type of metallic layers composed of unique tetradic PEDT-TSF columns, suggesting that PEDT-TSF is a suitable donor to afford metallic conductors. The extended Hückel tight-binding band examination showed a suitable choice of the atomic orbital parameters to be essential to obtain reasonable results.
Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of The La@C82 Anion
Authors: Fujitsuka Mamoru , Ito Osamu , Maeda Yutaka , Wakahara Takatsugu , Tsuchiya Takahiro , Nakahodo Tsukasa , Akasaka Takeshi , Mizorogi Naomi , Nagase Shigeru 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Properties of the excited states of the La@C82 anion have been investigated by laser flash photolysis measuring the fluorescence and absorption spectra. Transient absorption bands in the visible and near-IR region observed by the laser excitation of the La@C82 anion were attributed to the excited triplet, which showed high electron-donor ability to viologen dication, yielding La@C82 and viologen radical cation, establishing a reversible photoelectron transfer cycle.
Control of Hydrolysis and Condensation Activities of Thermolysin by Ultrasound Irradiation
Authors: Kawasaki Takayoshi , Hoshino Yu , Ishizu Yukari , Mizushiro Yu , Okahata Yoshio 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
Hydrolysis and condensation reactions of peptides catalyzed by thermolysin can be reversibly controlled by on/off ultrasound irradiation depending on its frequency region.
Oral Cancer Plasma Tumor Marker Identified with Bead-Based Affinity-Fractionated Proteomic Technology
Authors: Cheng Ann-Joy , Chen Li-Chiu , Chien Kun-Yi , Chen Yin-Ju , Chang Joseph Tung-Chieh , Wang Hung-Ming , Liao Chun-Ta , Chen I-How 
Published: October 2005

AbstractBackground: There is no plasma marker for detecting oral cancer, one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. We developed a bead-based affinity-fractionated proteomic method to discover a novel plasma marker for oral cancer.Methods: Affinity purification of heparinized plasma with magnetic beads and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis were used to screen potential oral cancer markers. We compiled MS protein profiles for 57 patients with oral cancer and compared them with profiles from 29 healthy controls. The spectra were analyzed statistically using flexAnalysis™ and ClinProt™ bioinformatic software. In each MS analysis, the peak intensities of interest were normalized with an internal standard (adrenocorticotropic hormone 18–39). For identification, affinity bead–purified plasma protein was subjected to MALDI TOF/TOF analysis followed by Mascot identification of the peptide sequences and a search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information protein database.Results: To optimize MALDI-TOF analysis based on the best discriminator of the cancer and control spectra, copper-chelated beads were used for plasma protein profiling. The within- and between-run CVs for assays were &lt;4% and 7%, respectively. Six markers that differentiated between cancer and control spectra were found, with mean (SD) molecular masses of 2664 (1), 2850 (1), 3250 (1), 7735 (2), 7927 (2), and 9240 (2) Da. The 2664-Da marker, identified as a fragment of the fibrinogen α-chain, had the highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (97%) for cancer.Conclusion: The high specificity and sensitivity of the fibrinogen α-chain fragment suggest that it may be a clinical useful tumor marker.
Bilbao Crystallographic Server: I. Databases and crystallographic computing programs
Authors: Aroyo Mois Ilia , Perez-Mato Juan Manuel , Capillas Cesar , Kroumova Eli , Ivantchev Svetoslav , Madariaga Gotzon , Kirov Asen , Wondratschek Hans 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The Bilbao Crystallographic Server is a web site with crystallographic databases and programs available on-line at www.cryst.ehu.es. It has been operating for about six years and new applications are being added regularly. The programs available on the server do not need a local installation and can be used free of charge. The only requirement is an Internet connection and a web browser.
The server is built on a core of databases, and contains different shells. The innermost one is formed by simple retrieval tools which serve as an interface to the databases and permit to obtain the stored symmetry information for space groups and layer groups. The k-vector database includes the Brillouin zones and the wave-vector types for all space groups. As a part of the server one can find also the database of incommensurate structures. The second shell contains applications which are essential for prob lems involving group-subgroup relations between space groups (e.g. subgroups and supergroups of space groups, splittings of Wyckoff positions), while the third shell contains more sophisticated programs for the computation of space-group representations and their correlations for group-subgroup related space groups. There are also programs for calculations focused on specific problems of solid-state physics. The aim of the article is to report on the current state of the server and to provide a brief description of the accessible databases and crystallographic computing programs. The use of the programs is demonstrated by illustrative examples.
Geminography: the crystallography of twins
Authors: Grimmer Hans , Nespolo Massimo 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The geometric theory of twinning was developed almost a century ago. Despite its age, it still represents the fundamental approach to the analysis and interpretation of twinned crystals, in both the direct and the reciprocal space. In recent years, this theory has been extended not only in its formalism (group-subgroup analysis, chromatic symmetry) but also in its classification of special cases that were not recognized before. The geometrical theory of twinning is thus reviewed here with emphasis on lattice aspects and recent developments. The classification of various types of twins starts with Friedel’s well-known scheme, which distinguishes four cases according to whether the twin index n is equal to or larger than 1 and whether the obliquity ω is equal to or larger than 0: the computation of these quantities is discussed in detail. It is shown that the concept of obliquity is not sufficient to characterize the pseudo-symmetry of a lattice, and the consequent twinning, in the case of manifold twins. The application of the theory of coincidence-site lattices to twinning is presented. Finally, the effect of twinning on the diffraction pattern is illustrated with a number of examples.
OD structures in crystallography — basic concepts and suggestions for practice
Authors: Ďurovič Slavomil , Hybler Jiři 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The present review deals with some selected topics pertaining to the theory of OD structures of layers founded by K. Dornberger-Schiff. An attention is paid mainly to the notion of VC (Vicinity Condition) structures and to the position of OD (Order-Disorder) structures within the VC structures. Explained is also the notion of MDO (Maximum Degree of Order) structures and indicated their derivation. The importance of a suitable axial setting for periodic OD structures is illustrated by an OD interpretation of the structure of the mineral kermesite. Based on X-ray studies of the mineral cronstedtite, the choice of suitable crystals for X-ray studies, reasons for the occurrence of ‘ghost’ peaks in Fourier maps and the refinement strategy for OD structures, is also discussed.
The four-dimensional magnetic point and space groups
Authors: Souvignier Bernd 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
This paper describes the classification of magnetic point and space groups which are also referred to as antisymmetry groups or black-and-white groups. These groups play an important role in the description of discrete point sets in which the points are not only characterized by their spatial coordinates but also by an additional property taking one of two possible values (e.g. spin up or down). Each operation of a magnetic group may or may not switch the value of this additional property. In this paper, the methods for classifying magnetic groups in arbitrary dimensions are described in an algorithmic fashion. Results of the full classification in four-dimensional space are given and the application of the magnetic groups in this dimension to quasicrystals is indicated.
Bond valence and finite graph symmetries
Authors: Rutherford John S. 
Published: October 2005

Abstract
The graph theory prediction of bond valence distributions in a crystal network is reformulated in a form more familiar to chemists, that of symmetry-adapted functions. The graph theory terms relevant to this exposition are explained, including graph matrices, graph vector spaces and graph automorphism groups.
It was found that the vertex and edge sets of a chemical graph form representations of the graph automorphism group. These representations may be expressed as a sum of irreducible representations using the group character table in the usual way. Alternatively the classes of the individual orbits spanned may be used to derive these irreducible representations. The orthogonal cut and cycle subspaces of the edge space can be defined so as to also transform as a sum of irreducible representations. Hence appropriate symmetry-adapted orthogonal basis vectors may be chosen for the vertex and edge spaces. Removing the usual Equal Valence Rule constraint creates a solution space, a range of possible solutions for a particular prob lem. This solution space may be found by combining a set of contributions from the cut space vectors fixed by the atom valences, with a convex polytope in the cycle space which is defined by the non-negativity of the individual bond valences.
The complete procedure is illustrated for the β-Ga2O3 structure.
Proteomic Analysis of Protein Components in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts
Authors: Reichenberg E. , Redlich M. , Cancemi P. , Zaks B. , Pitaru S. , Fontana S. , Pucci‐Minafra I. , Palmon A. 
Published: October 2005

Background: Characterization of periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblast proteome is an important tool for understanding PDL physiology and regulation and for identifying disease‐related protein markers. PDL fibroblast protein expression has been studied using immunological methods, although limited to previously identified proteins for which specific antibodies are available.Methods: We applied proteomic analysis coupled with mass spectrometry and database knowledge to human PDL fibroblasts.Results: We detected 900 spots and identified 117 protein spots originating in 74 different genes. In addition to scaffold cytoskeletal proteins, e.g., actin, tubulin, and vimentin, we identified proteins implicated with cellular motility and membrane trafficking, chaparonine, stress and folding proteins, metabolic enzymes, proteins associated with detoxification and membrane activity, biodegradative metabolism, translation and transduction, extracellular proteins, and cell cycle regulation proteins.Conclusions: Most of these identified proteins are closely related to the extensive PDL fibroblasts’ functions and homeostasis. Our PDL fibroblast proteome map can serve as a reference map for future clinical studies as well as basic research.
Effect of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2, ‐4, and ‐7 on Bone Formation in Rat Calvarial Defects
Authors: Hyun Suk‐Ju , Han Dong‐Kwan , Choi Seong‐Ho , Chai Jung‐Kiu , Cho Kyoo‐Sung , Kim Chong‐Kwan , Kim Chang‐Sung 
Published: October 2005

Background: Currently, more than 20 bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been identified, and many trials have been carried out using recombinant human BMPs (rhBMPs) for bone tissue engineering. However, comparative analyses on bone formative activities of rhBMP using a preclinical model have been limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the osteogenic potential of rhBMP‐2, ‐4, and ‐7 delivered with absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) upon early (2 weeks) and complete (8 weeks) wound healing phases in a critical sized rat calvarial defect model.Methods: Eight‐millimeter critical sized calvarial defects were created in 30 male Sprague‐Dawley rats. The animals were divided into three groups of 10 animals each. The defects were treated with 0.025 mg/ml rhBMP‐2/ACS, rhBMP‐4/ACS, or rhBMP‐7/ACS. The rats were sacrificed at either 2 (five rats) or 8 (five rats) weeks after surgery, and the results were evaluated histologically, histomorphometrically, and immunohistometrically.Results: The surgical implantation of rhBMP‐2/ACS, rhBMP‐4/ACS, or rhBMP‐7/ACS resulted in enhanced local bone formation in the rat calvarial defect model at both 2 and 8 weeks. The amount of defect closure, new bone area, and bone density were similar in the three groups at each time point (P >0.05). In terms of bone density and new bone area, there were statistically significant differences between results obtained at 2 weeks and those obtained at 8 weeks in all groups (P <0.05). Two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there was no correlation between the time and conditions (P >0.05), but time was found to have a strong influence on defect closure, new bone area, and bone density (P <0.05). Irrespective of rhBMP type, positive immunoreactions of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) were evident at 2 and 8 weeks. Intense OPN and OCN staining was observed near the newly formed bone as well as in some cells within the new bone.Conclusions: Within the rhBMP types used, rhBMP concentration, and the observation interval, there appears to be no specific differences in bone regenerative potential. All rhBMPs used in this study may be considered effective factors for inducing bone formation.
T Cells Support Osteoclastogenesis in an In Vitro Model Derived From Human Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Brunetti G. , Colucci S. , Pignataro P. , Coricciati M. , Mori G. , Cirulli N. , Zallone A. , Grassi F.R. , Grano M. 
Published: October 2005

Background: Periodontitis is characterized by alveolar bone destruction; however, the mechanisms responsible for bone damage are poorly understood. It has been reported that T cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. It has been also demonstrated that activated T lymphocytes secrete receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL) and can support the differentiation of monocytes into resorbing osteoclasts (OCs). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the OC formation in periodontitis patients (PP) and the role of T cells in osteoclastogenesis.Methods: To study OC formation, we used an in vitro model consisting of unstimulated and unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PP and controls. In parallel, T‐cell–depleted PBMCs from the same patients were also established. The expression of RANKL and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) was analyzed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and Western blot in fresh T cells isolated from PP and controls. Functional antibodies, anti‐RANKL and anti‐TNF‐α, were utilized to study osteoclastogenesis in PBMC cultures from PP.Results: We showed that, in unfractionated PBMCs from PP, the OCs spontaneously developed in a T‐cell‐dependent way. The addition of macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) and RANKL was necessary to promote the osteoclastogenesis in T‐cell–depleted PBMC cultures from PP and in unfractionated PBMCs from periodontally healthy controls. Moreover, freshly isolated T cells from PBMCs of PP overexpressed RANKL and TNF‐α. Finally, functional anti‐RANKL and anti‐TNF‐α antibodies significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis.Conclusion: Our data suggest that T cells support spontaneous osteoclastogenesis in PP via RANKL and TNF‐α overexpression.
Repair of Class II Furcation Defects After a Reparative Tissue Graft Obtained From Extraction Sockets Treated With Growth Factors: A Histologic and Histometric Study in Dogs
Authors: Soares Fernando Peixoto , Hayashi Fernando , Yorioka Christiane Watanabe , Pannuti Claudio Mendes , Gioso Marco Antonio , Alves de Lima Luiz Antonio Pugliesi , Romito Giuseppe Alexandre , Pustiglioni Francisco Emílio 
Published: October 2005

Background: Reparative tissue of extraction sockets was proposed as grafting material in the treatment of periodontal defects. Our hypothesis was that the addition of growth factors to extraction sockets improves the regenerative potential of this tissue when used as a graft. The objective of the present study was to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the repair of acute Class II furcation defects after they receive this grafting material.Methods: The second and third upper premolars were extracted from four dogs. Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB and insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I, at concentrations of 6 μg/ml each, were applied to the resulting sockets. After 5 days, 24 acute defects (12 control and 12 test defects) were created in the second, third, and fourth lower premolars. Only the test sites received the graft. The flaps were positioned coronally on both sides and sutured. After 45 days, the specimens were collected, decalcified, and processed histologically in a buccal‐lingual plane. The parameters were measured horizontally in the buccal‐lingual direction.Results: Repair was histologically and histometrically similar in the two groups. No significant difference was observed between the test and control groups in the parameters connective tissue, new cementum, new bone, and junctional epithelium.Conclusion: The use of this graft did not show beneficial effects on the repair of acute Class II furcation defects in dogs.