bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cut-Derotationsosteotomie am distalen Femur zur Korrektur von Torsion und frontaler Achse
Authors: Imhoff Florian B. , Trierweiler Mathieu 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Die Rotationsosteotomie bedingt eine komplette Durchtrennung des Knochens zur Korrektur der Maltorsion. Eine zusätzliche Korrektur der frontalen Achse kann durch eine definierte schräge Sägeebene der Osteotomie erzielt werden. Der direkte flächige Knochenkontakt wird mit einer winkelstabilen Osteosyntheseplatte fixiert.

Indikationen
Symptome wie anteriorer Knieschmerz, Inwardly-pointing-knee-Syndrom, laterale Patella(sub)luxation, laterale Patellahyperpression sind typische Beschwerden, welche in Kombination mit klinisch erhöhter femoraler Innenrotation und radiologisch erhöhter femoraler Antetorsion zur Indikation der Derotationsosteotomie führen.

Kontraindikationen
Kontraindikationen für die o. g. Derotation bestehen bei vermehrter Hüftaußenrotation versus Innenrotation, erhöhter femoraler Torsion aber keine vermehrte Hüftinnenrotation, Malcompliance wie Unfähigkeit der Stock-Teilbelastung. Zudem stellen generelle Risiken, die zu einer verzögerten Knochenheilung führen wie Nikotinabusus und Adipositas, relative Kontraindikationen dar; ebenso wie eine bereits bestehende patellofemorale Arthrose oder die Einnahme von Glukokortikoiden und Immunsuppressiva.

Operationstechnik
Es kann ein lateraler oder wahlweise medialer Zugang zum distalen Femur zur Darstellung des Knochens mit Eva-Haken gewählt werden. Die Verwendung von patientenspezifischen Schnittblöcke geben das geplante Ausmaß der Derotation und Ebene der Schnittführung sehr präzise vor. Durch eine definierte Single-cut-Schnittebene kann zusätzlich die frontale Achse korrigiert/verbessert werden. Eine zusätzliche biplanare Schnittführung mit anteriorem Wedge erhöht die intraoperative Stabilität und generiert eine größere Fläche für die Konsolidierung.

Weiterbehandlung
Aufgrund des extramedullären Kraftträgers ist eine Teilbelastung mit 15–20 kg an Stöcken für 6 Wochen empfohlen mit jedoch freier Beweglichkeit des Kniegelenks

Ergebnisse
Die Literatur beschreibt signifikant erhöhte Patientenzufriedenheit in Bezug auf Patellastabilität und Kniefunktion nach Kombinationseingriffen mit Derotationsosteotomie. Mit der Verwendung von PSI-Schnittblöcken ist die Genauigkeit der Osteotomie und der 3‑dimensionsalen Korrektur sehr hoch. Die delayed-union-Rate liegt bei ca. 10 %.
Elterliches Belastungserleben, Unaufmerksamkeits‑/Hyperaktivitätssymptome und elternberichtete ADHS bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Ergebnisse aus der KiGGS-Studie
Authors: Neuperdt Laura , Beyer Ann-Kristin , Junker Stephan , Mauz Elvira , Hölling Heike , Schlack Robert 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Eine Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit‑/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen geht mit elterlichen Belastungen einher. Umgekehrt sind psychosoziale Belastungen der Eltern mit dem Auftreten von Unaufmerksamkeits‑/Hyperaktivitätssymptomen (UHS) bei den Kindern assoziiert. In diesem Beitrag wird der Zusammenhang verschiedener Arten und des Umfangs elterlicher Belastungen mit UHS und einer elternberichteten ADHS-Diagnose der Kinder analysiert.

Methodik
Auf Grundlage der Daten von n = 4596 Teilnehmenden der KiGGS-Kohorte (Welle 2: 2014–2017) wurden in einer querschnittlichen Analyse elterliche Belastungen in Zusammenhang mit UHS sowie einer elternberichteten ADHS-Diagnose der Kinder gebracht. Berichtet werden Häufigkeiten, Mittelwerte sowie für Geschlecht, Alter, sozioökonomischen Status und Migrationshintergrund adjustierte Beta-Koeffizienten und Odds Ratios.

Ergebnisse
Einzeln betrachtet waren mehr elterliche Belastungsarten mit UHS assoziiert als mit einer ADHS-Diagnose. Multivariat betrachtet erwiesen sich finanzielle Sorgen und Erziehungsprobleme/Konflikte mit den Kindern als signifikante Prädiktoren sowohl für UHS als auch für eine ADHS-Diagnose des Kindes. 4 oder mehr elterliche Belastungen gingen zudem mit einer höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit sowohl für UHS als auch für eine ADHS-Diagnose einher.

Diskussion
Finanzielle Belastungen und Erziehungsprobleme stellen relevante Belastungen der Eltern von Kindern mit UHS oder ADHS-Diagnose dar. Wechselbeziehungen zwischen elterlichen Belastungen und der ADHS eines Kindes sind anzunehmen. Maßnahmen zur familiären Entlastung können entweder auf eine Verbesserung der familiären Lage (Verhältnisprävention) oder des familiären Umgangs mit dem von ADHS betroffenen Kind (Verhaltensprävention) zielen.
A diverse panel of 755 bread wheat accessions harbors untapped genetic diversity in landraces and reveals novel genetic regions conferring powdery mildew resistance
Authors: Leber Rebecca , Heuberger Matthias , Widrig Victoria , Jung Esther , Paux Etienne , Keller Beat , Sánchez-Martín Javier 
Published: March 2024

AbstractKey messageA bread wheat panel reveals rich genetic diversity in Turkish, Pakistani and Iranian landraces and novel resistance loci to diverse powdery mildew isolates via subsetting approaches in association studies.AbstractWheat breeding for disease resistance relies on the availability and use of diverse genetic resources. More than 800,000 wheat accessions are globally conserved in gene banks, but they are mostly uncharacterized for the presence of resistance genes and their potential for agriculture. Based on the selective reduction of previously assembled collections for allele mining for disease resistance, we assembled a trait-customized panel of 755 geographically diverse bread wheat accessions with a focus on landraces, called the LandracePLUS panel. Population structure analysis of this panel based on the TaBW35K SNP array revealed an increased genetic diversity compared to 632 landraces genotyped in an earlier study and 17 high-quality sequenced wheat accessions. The additional genetic diversity found here mostly originated from Turkish, Iranian and Pakistani landraces. We characterized the LandracePLUS panel for resistance to ten diverse isolates of the fungal pathogen powdery mildew. Performing genome-wide association studies and dividing the panel further by a targeted subsetting approach for accessions of distinct geographical origin, we detected several known and already cloned genes, including thePm2agene. In addition, we identified 22 putatively novel powdery mildew resistance loci that represent useful sources for resistance breeding and for research on the mildew-wheat pathosystem. Our study shows the value of assembling trait-customized collections and utilizing a diverse range of pathogen races to detect novel loci. It further highlights the importance of integrating landraces of different geographical origins into future diversity studies.
Set-theoretical solutions of the pentagon equation on Clifford semigroups
Authors: Mazzotta Marzia , Pérez-Calabuig Vicent , Stefanelli Paola 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGiven a set-theoretical solution of the pentagon equation $$s:S\times S\rightarrow S\times S$$

s
:
S
×
S
→
S
×
S

on a set S and writing $$s(a, b)=(a\cdot b,\, \theta _a(b))$$

s

(
a
,
b
)

=
(
a
·
b
,

θ
a

(
b
)

)

, with $$\cdot $$
·
a binary operation on S and $$\theta _a$$

θ
a

a map from S into itself, for every $$a\in S$$

a
∈
S

, one naturally obtains that $$\left( S,\,\cdot \right) $$

S
,

·

is a semigroup. In this paper, we focus on solutions defined in Clifford semigroups $$\left( S,\,\cdot \right) $$

S
,

·

satisfying special properties on the set of all idempotents $${{\,\textrm{E}\,}}(S)$$

E

(
S
)

. Into the specific, we provide a complete description of idempotent-invariant solutions, namely, those solutions for which $$\theta _a$$

θ
a

remains invariant in $${{\,\textrm{E}\,}}(S)$$

E

(
S
)

, for every $$a\in S$$

a
∈
S

. Moreover, we construct a family of idempotent-fixed solutions, i.e., those solutions for which $$\theta _a$$

θ
a

fixes every element in $${{\,\textrm{E}\,}}(S)$$

E

(
S
)

for every $$a\in S$$

a
∈
S

, from solutions given on each maximal subgroup of S.
Can gait patterns be explained by joint structure in people with and without radiographic knee osteoarthritis? Data from the IMI-APPROACH cohort
Authors: Jansen M. P. , Hodgins D. , Mastbergen S. C. , Kloppenburg M. , Blanco F. J. , Haugen I. K. , Berenbaum F. , Eckstein F. , Roemer F. W. , Wirth W. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To determine the association between joint structure and gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods
IMI-APPROACH recruited 297 clinical knee OA patients. Gait data was collected (GaitSmart®) and OA-related joint measures determined from knee radiographs (KIDA) and MRIs (qMRI/MOAKS). Patients were divided into those with/without radiographic OA (ROA). Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on gait parameters; linear regression models were used to evaluate whether image-based structural and demographic parameters were associated with gait principal components.

Results
Two hundred seventy-one patients (age median 68.0, BMI 27.0, 77% female) could be analyzed; 149 (55%) had ROA. PCA identified two components: upper leg (primarily walking speed, stride duration, hip range of motion [ROM], thigh ROM) and lower leg (calf ROM, knee ROM in swing and stance phases). Increased age, BMI, and radiographic subchondral bone density (sclerosis), decreased radiographic varus angle deviation, and female sex were statistically significantly associated with worse lower leg gait (i.e. reduced ROM) in patients without ROA (R2 = 0.24); in ROA patients, increased BMI, radiographic osteophytes, MRI meniscal extrusion and female sex showed significantly worse lower leg gait (R2 = 0.18). Higher BMI was significantly associated with reduced upper leg function for non-ROA patients (R2 = 0.05); ROA patients with male sex, higher BMI and less MRI synovitis showed significantly worse upper leg gait (R2 = 0.12).

Conclusion
Structural OA pathology was significantly associated with gait in patients with clinical knee OA, though BMI may be more important. While associations were not strong, these results provide a significant association between OA symptoms (gait) and joint structure.
A polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor enhances erastin sensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro
Authors: Wu Xiangping , Wu Jing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a critical therapeutic target in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of the combination of BI 2536, a PLK1 inhibitor, and erastin, a ferroptosis inducer, in HNSCC.

Methods
The proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of Tu177 and FaDu cells upon exposure to BI 2536 and erastin, used in combination or alone, were tested. Fe2+, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) detection kits were used to determine whether the addition of BI 2536 enhanced the accumulation of Fe2+ and MDA, along with the depletion of GSH. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blot analyses were performed to investigate whether BI 2536 further altered the mRNA and expression level of ferroptosis genes. Furthermore, si PLK1 was used to investigate whether targeting PLK1 gene promoted erastin-induced ferroptosis.

Results
The combination of BI 2536 and erastin exerted a stronger cytotoxicity than treatment with a single agent. Compared with erastin treatment alone, the combination of BI 2536 and erastin lowered the ability of tumor cells to self-clone, invade, and migrate. BI 2536 enhanced the accumulation of Fe2+ and MDA, and the depletion of GSH. BI 2536 increased erastin-induced changes in ferroptosis-related gene mRNA and expression. Importantly, targeting PKL1 enhanced the anti-cancer effect of erastin.

Conclusion
BI 2536 enhanced the sensitivity of HNSCC cells to erastin, which provides a new perspective for cancer treatment.
Fitting copulas in the case of missing data
Authors: Liebscher Eckhard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this paper we deal with parametric estimation of the copula in the case of missing data. The data items with the same pattern of complete and missing data are combined into a subset. This approach corresponds to the MCAR model for missing data. We construct a specific Cramér–von Mises statistic as a sum of such statistics for the several missing data patterns. The minimization of the statistic gives the estimators for the parameters. We prove asymptotic normality of the parameter estimators and of the Cramér–von Mises statistic.
Responsible Business Conduct in Commodity Trading—A Multidisciplinary Review
Authors: Dorfmüller Henrietta , Kimotho Wangui , Ebert Isabel , Dey Pascal , Wettstein Florian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResponsible business conduct (RBC)—the corporate activities and initiatives that proactively address corporate involvement in human rights, environmental, and governance threats—has become an increasingly used means to counteract and prevent adverse effects of global businesses. Unlike other business sectors whose adverse impacts and RBC efforts (or lack thereof) are well documented, a comprehensive understanding of the state of commodity trading (CT), has been missing. In response, this paper uses a multidisciplinary literature review to provide an integrative understanding of the current state of research on the relationship between CT and RBC. Based on a review of 131 articles, we advance a granular understanding of the current and prospective role of commodity traders in RBC by grouping extant research into three overarching themes: (1) industry self-regulation and co-regulatory initiatives, (2) government-led regulatory initiatives and policy responses, and (3) company-level management strategies impacting RBC practices. In addition to illustrating the themes through existing research and identifying gaps along the overarching themes, we use our literature review to suggest avenues for future research. The paper’s overarching contribution is, first, to synthesize previously fragmented findings into a coherent framework of CT and RBC. And second, to offer guidance on how scholarship in this important domain can be developed into a more mature, legitimate and practical stream of research.
Prognostic genomic alterations in patients undergoing liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nordkild SB , Ahlborn LB , Yde CW , Kugler JM , Klubien J. , Akdag D. , Willemoe GL , Nielsen SD , Pommergaard Hans-Christian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Genetic mutations and amplifications found in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a potentially prognostic impact. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of mutations and amplifications in HCC from patients that were liver resected.

Methods
Patients liver resected for HCC at Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet between May 2014 and January 2018 were included. DNA from freshly frozen tumour tissue was investigated with TruSight Oncology 500. Mutations and amplifications were correlated with disease-free survival and overall survival using multivariate Cox regression to assess the effect on prognosis.

Results
Of the 51 patients included, 88% were male and the median age was 69 years. Most patients had a single tumour (84%) with no vascular invasion (67%) in a non-cirrhotic liver (76% with fibrosis, 24% with cirrhosis). The median follow-up was 37 months. Patients with a MYC amplification (8%) were significantly younger than the remaining patients. Furthermore, they had a significantly shorter overall survival (15 months (95% CI: 0.0–31.6) vs. 59 months (95% CI: 34.4–83.6), p = < 0.001) and disease-free survival (8 months (95% CI: 4.6–11.4) vs. 19 months (95% CI: 12.3–25.7), p = 0.03). However, only overall survival remained statistically significant in the adjusted analysis. Furthermore, all patients with an ARID1A mutation (6%) had microvascular invasion and significantly larger tumours than the patients without ARID1A mutation.

Conclusion

MYC amplifications had a prognostic influence on survival, whereas ARID1A gene mutations were correlated with microvascular invasion. These may serve as prognostic biomarkers and should be validated in large, independent cohort.
IL-6 Enhances the Activation of PI3K-AKT/mTOR-GSK-3β by Upregulating GRPR in Hippocampal Neurons of Autistic Mice
Authors: Li Heli , Wang Xinyuan , Hu Cong , Cui Jinru , Li Hao , Luo Xiaoping , Hao Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder associated with brain inflammation. The underlying mechanisms could be attributed to the activation of PI3K signaling in the inflamed brain of ASD. Multiple studies highlight the role of GRPR in regulating ASD like abnormal behavior and enhancing the PI3K signaling. However, the molecular mechanism by which GRPR regulates PI3K signaling in neurons of individuals with ASD is still unclear. In this study, we utilized a maternal immune activation model to investigate the effects of GRPR on PI3K signaling in the inflamed brain of ASD mice. We used HT22 cells with and without GRPR to examine the impact of GRP-GRPR on the PI3K-AKT pathway with IL-6 treatment. We analyzed a dataset of hippocampus samples from ASD mice to identify hub genes. Our results demonstrated increased expression of IL-6, GRPR, and PI3K-AKT signaling in the hippocampus of ASD mice. Additionally, we observed increased GRPR expression and PI3K-AKT/mTOR activation in HT22 cells after IL-6 treatment, but decreased expression in HT22 cells with GRPR knockdown. NetworkAnalyst identified GSK-3β as the most crucial gene in the PI3K-AKT/mTOR pathway in the hippocampus of ASD. Furthermore, we found that IL-6 upregulated the expression of GSK-3β in HT22 cells by upregulating GRP-GRPR. Our findings suggest that IL-6 can enhance the activation of PI3K-AKT/mTOR-GSK-3β in hippocampal neurons of ASD mice by upregulating GRPR.

Graphical Abstract
Impact of harmonization on the reproducibility of MRI radiomic features when using different scanners, acquisition parameters, and image pre-processing techniques: a phantom study
Authors: Hajianfar Ghasem , Hosseini Seyyed Ali , Bagherieh Sara , Oveisi Mehrdad , Shiri Isaac , Zaidi Habib 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of ComBat harmonization on the reproducibility of radiomic features extracted from magnetic resonance images (MRI) acquired on different scanners, using various data acquisition parameters and multiple image pre-processing techniques using a dedicated MRI phantom. Four scanners were used to acquire an MRI of a nonanatomic phantom as part of the TCIA RIDER database. In fast spin-echo inversion recovery (IR) sequences, several inversion durations were employed, including 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 ms. In addition, a 3D fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (FSPGR) sequence was used to investigate several flip angles (FA): 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees. Nineteen phantom compartments were manually segmented. Different approaches were used to pre-process each image: Bin discretization, Wavelet filter, Laplacian of Gaussian, logarithm, square, square root, and gradient. Overall, 92 first-, second-, and higher-order statistical radiomic features were extracted. ComBat harmonization was also applied to the extracted radiomic features. Finally, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Kruskal-Wallis’s (KW) tests were implemented to assess the robustness of radiomic features. The number of non-significant features in the KW test ranged between 0–5 and 29–74 for various scanners, 31–91 and 37–92 for three times tests, 0–33 to 34–90 for FAs, and 3–68 to 65–89 for IRs before and after ComBat harmonization, with different image pre-processing techniques, respectively. The number of features with ICC over 90% ranged between 0–8 and 6–60 for various scanners, 11–75 and 17–80 for three times tests, 3–83 to 9–84 for FAs, and 3–49 to 3–63 for IRs before and after ComBat harmonization, with different image pre-processing techniques, respectively. The use of various scanners, IRs, and FAs has a great impact on radiomic features. However, the majority of scanner-robust features is also robust to IR and FA. Among the effective parameters in MR images, several tests in one scanner have a negligible impact on radiomic features. Different scanners and acquisition parameters using various image pre-processing might affect radiomic features to a large extent. ComBat harmonization might significantly impact the reproducibility of MRI radiomic features.
Graphical Abstract
Solidification Behavior and Microstructure Evolution in Dissimilar Electron Beam Welds Between Commercially Pure Iron and Nickel
Authors: Hochanadel Joris , Panton Boyd , Fink Carolin , Lippold John 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectron beam welding processes have highly accurate control of both spatial and temporal heating profiles which provide unique capabilities in dissimilar metals joining. In this work, electron beam welds were made between commercially pure nickel and iron to determine the effect of fusion zone composition on solidification behavior and microstructure evolution. The weld was made with a beam deflected in a circular pattern to enable joining and promote mixing. The beam traveled at a shallow angle of approximately 1 deg to the joint interface starting in the nickel and finishing in the iron. The shallow angle created a weld with a composition gradient along its 110 mm length. The solidification behavior and final weld microstructure were characterized using both light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Electron backscatter diffraction was used to determine the phase fractions in the fusion zone. A change in solidification mode from face-centered cubic austenite to body-centered cubic ferrite was observed as a function of fusion zone composition. Weld cross-sections containing 65.5 wt pct Fe and 76.9 wt pct Fe had a two-phase fcc + bcc microstructure. Using the compositions and phase fractions, the two-phase region was estimated to be between 56.4 and 79.7 wt pct Fe. Martensite was observed in cross-sections containing between 76.9 wt pct Fe and 98.1 wt pct Fe, which was confirmed using hardness measurements.
Effect of capecitabine as monotherapy for HER2 normal metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Knudsen Anne-Dorthe Mosgaard , Modvig Mikala Wej , Vogsen Marianne , Kodahl Annette Raskov 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of capecitabine monotherapy for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) normal metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and PFS according to treatment line and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Patients who received capecitabine as monotherapy for HER2 normal MBC from 2010 to 2020 were included in this retrospective study. ER status, treatment line, number of treatments, and dates of progression and death were registered. PFS was defined from capecitabine initiation to progression or any cause of death, and OS until any cause of death. Among 162 patients receiving capecitabine, approx. 70% had ER-positive disease. They received a median of six cycles of capecitabine (range 2–45). The median PFS was 4.3 months, with no significant difference between treatment lines. When analyzing PFS according to ER status, a statistically significant difference was observed between those with ER-positive and ER-negative disease, with a median PFS of 5,3 months versus 2,5 months, respectively (p = 0.006). A similar trend was seen for overall survival, with a median OS of 14 months for all patients and 17.8 months versus 7.6 months for patients with ER-positive and ER-negative disease, respectively (p ≤ 0.0001). Patients with HER2 normal MBC receiving monotherapy capecitabine had a median PFS of 4.3 months, and a median OS of 14 months. PFS was consistent regardless of treatment line but differed significantly according to ER status.