bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of oral and subcutaneous administration of buprenorphine and meloxicam for preemptive analgesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Gassel Adam D. , Tobias Karen M. , Egger Christine M. , Rohrbach Barton W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare the effectiveness of preoperative PO and SC administration of buprenorphine and meloxicam for prevention of postoperative pain-associated behaviors in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.Design—Randomized controlled study.Animals—51 female cats (4 to 60 months old; weight range, 1.41 to 4.73 kg [3.1 to 10.4 lb]).Procedure—Cats received 1 of 5 treatments at the time of anesthetic induction: buprenorphine PO (0.01 mg/kg [0.0045 mg/lb]; n = 10), buprenorphine SC (0.01 mg/kg; 10), meloxicam SC (0.3 mg/kg [0.14 mg/lb]; 10), meloxicam PO (0.3 mg/kg; 10), or 0.3 mL of sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution SC (control group; 11). Sedation scores and visual analog scale and interactive visual analog scale (IVAS) pain-associated behavior scores were assigned to each cat 2 hours before and at intervals until 20 hours after surgery.Results—Cats receiving meloxicam PO or SC had significantly lower IVAS scores (2.91 and 2.02, respectively), compared with IVAS scores for cats receiving buprenorphine PO (7.55). Pain-associated behavior scores for cats administered buprenorphine or meloxicam PO or SC preoperatively did not differ significantly from control group scores. Rescue analgesia was not required by any of the cats receiving meloxicam, whereas 3 of 10 cats receiving buprenorphine PO, 2 of 10 cats receiving buprenorphine SC, and 1 of 11 cats receiving the control treatment required rescue analgesia.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—On the basis of pain-associated behavior scores, cats receiving meloxicam PO or SC before ovariohysterectomy appeared to have less pain after surgery than those receiving buprenorphine PO preoperatively. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1937–1944)
Outcome following surgical removal of nonvisceral soft tissue sarcomas in cats: 42 cases (1992–2000)
Authors: Dillon Christopher J. , Mauldin G. Neal , Baer Keith E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify factors associated with outcome of cats with nonvisceral soft tissue sarcomas treated with surgery alone.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—42 cats.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for clinically relevant data, and histologic samples were examined. Follow-up information was obtained by means of physical examination or through telephone conversations with referring veterinarians and owners. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to construct survival curves.Results—Median survival time was 608 days (range, 85 to 2,291 days), although 24 cats were still alive at the time of the study. Tumor size (ie, diameter) and histologic type were significantly associated with survival time. Median survival time was significantly longer in cats with tumors that were < 2 cm in diameter, compared with cats in which tumors were > 2 cm. Median survival times for cats with a fibrosarcoma or nerve sheath tumor were significantly longer than median time for cats with a malignant fibrous histiocytoma.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that tumor size and type are significantly associated with survival time in cats with nonvisceral soft tissue tumors. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1955–1957)
Prevalences and clinical signs of polysaccharide storage myopathy and shivers in Belgian Draft Horses
Authors: Firshman Anna M. , Baird John D. , Valberg Stephanie J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine prevalences of polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM) and shivers in Belgian Draft Horses (BDHs) and determine whether there was an association between these 2 conditions.Design—Prospective cohort study.Animals—103 BDHs > 1 year old.Procedure—Owners were questioned regarding clinical signs of PSSM, shivers, and hindquarter weakness, defined as poor hindquarter muscling and lack of propulsion. Blood samples were collected for determination of serum creatine kinase and aspartate transferase activities and serum selenium and vitamin E concentrations. A biopsy sample from the gluteus medius muscle was submitted for histologic, histochemical, and biochemical analysis. A diagnosis of PSSM was made if abnormal amylase-resistant polysaccharide inclusions were seen histologically.Results—37 (36%) horses had PSSM and 19 (18%) had shivers, but only 6 (6%) had both PSSM and shivers, whereas 31 (30%) had PSSM alone, 13 (13%) had shivers alone, and 53 (51%) had neither, and a significant association between PSSM and shivers was not detected. Hindquarter weakness was found in 30 horses. Only 13 of 37 (35%) horses with PSSM and 11 of 19 (58%) horses with shivers had hindquarter weakness. Serum creatine kinase and aspartate transferase activities and serum selenium and vitamin E concentrations were not significantly different between horses with and without PSSM or between horses with and without shivers.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that PSSM and shivers are common but unrelated disorders in BDHs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1958–1964)
Frequency of urinary tract infection among dogs with pruritic disorders receiving long-term glucocorticoid treatment
Authors: Torres Sheila M. F. , Diaz Sandra F. , Nogueira Sandra A. , Jessen Carl , Polzin David J. , Gilbert Sophie M. , Horne Kim L. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine frequency of urinary tract infection (UTI) among dogs with pruritic disorders that were or were not receiving long-term glucocorticoid treatment.Design—Observational study.Animals—127 dogs receiving glucocorticoids for > 6 months and 94 dogs not receiving glucocorticoids.Procedure—Bacterial culture of urine samples was performed in dogs receiving long-term glucocorticoid treatment, and information was collected on drug administered, dosage, frequency of administration, duration of glucocorticoid treatment, and clinical signs of UTI. For dogs not receiving glucocorticoids, a single urine sample was submitted for bacterial culture.Results—Multiple (2 to 6) urine samples were submitted for 70 of the 127 (55%) dogs receiving glucocorticoids; thus, 240 urine samples were analyzed. For 23 of the 127 (18.1%) dogs, results of bacterial culture were positive at least once, but none of the dogs had clinical signs of UTI. Pyuria and bacteriuria (present vs absent) were found to correctly predict results of bacterial culture for 89.9% and 95.8% of the samples, respectively. Type of glycocorticoid, dosage, frequency of administration, and duration of treatment were not associated with frequency of UTI. None of the urine samples from dogs not receiving glucocorticoids yielded bacterial growth. The frequency of UTI was significantly higher for dogs treated with glucocorticoids than for dogs that had not received glucocorticoids.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that dogs receiving long-term glucocorticoid treatment have an increased risk of developing a UTI. On this basis, we recommend that urine samples be submitted for bacterial culture at least yearly for such dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:239–243)
Bone marrow necrosis in dogs: 34 cases (1996–2004)
Authors: Weiss Douglas J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify the incidence, potential causes, and clinical and clinicopathologic features of bone marrow necrosis in dogs.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—34 client-owned dogs.Procedures—Reports of cytologic examinations of bone marrow specimens performed between 1996 and 2004 were reviewed. All reports that indicated the presence of necrosis, stromal disruption, phagocytic macrophages, individual cell necrosis, or myelofibrosis were evaluated further.Results—Of 609 reports of bone marrow evaluations performed during the study period, 34 (5.6%) had evidence of bone marrow necrosis. Nine dogs had no evidence of associated diseases or drug or toxin exposure, and 25 dogs had associated disease conditions or drug exposures. All 9 dogs with idiopathic bone marrow necrosis were anemic (mean Hct, 14%), but only 3 had neutropenia, and 3 had thrombocytopenia. All 9 had myelofibrosis. Of the 25 dogs with associated disease conditions or drug exposures, only 14 (56%) had anemia (mean Hct, 33%). In addition, 14 (56%) had neutropenia and 18 (72%) had thrombocytopenia. Only 10 (40%) had myelofibrosis.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that bone marrow necrosis may be common in dogs with hematologic disorders. In most dogs, bone marrow necrosis was associated with an underlying disease condition or drug exposure, but idiopathic bone marrow necrosis was also identified. Disease conditions that should increase suspicion of possible bone marrow necrosis include sepsis, lymphosarcoma, and systemic lupus erythematosus; drug exposures that should increase suspicion of possible bone marrow necrosis include chemotherapeutic agents, phenobarbital, carprofen, metronidazole, and mitotane. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:263–267)
Signalment and clinical features of diskospondylitis in dogs: 513 cases (1980–2001)
Authors: Burkert Blaine A. , Kerwin Sharon C. , Hosgood Giselle L. , Pechman Robert D. , Fontenelle Jennifer Ponti 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine signalment, clinical features of the disease, and treatment in dogs with diskospondylitis.Design—Case-control study.Animals—513 dogs with diskospondylitis (cases) and 236,109 canine hospital accessions (controls) from 12 veterinary teaching hospitals.Procedure—Information retrieved from the medical records of 123 dogs with diskospondylitis at the Louisiana State University veterinary teaching hospital between 1980 and 2001 included sex, age, breed, primary complaint, neurologic status, location of lesions, causative organism, treatment, and outcome. The signalment of 390 additional cases from 11 other veterinary teaching hospitals was accessed from the Veterinary Medical Database. Comparisons were made with controls from the same time periods.Results—Male dogs were twice as likely as female dogs to be affected (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 2.4). Dogs were significantly more likely to be affected as age increased. Purebred dogs, especially Great Danes, were more likely than mixed-breed dogs to be affected (OR, 7.3; CI, 4.3 to 12.6). For dogs from Louisiana State University,Staphylococcusspp,Brucellaspp,Streptococcusspp, andEscherichia coliwere isolated most often; multiple organisms were detected via microbial culture in 11 dogs. The mean duration of treatment was 53.7 weeks.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Male dogs, older dogs, and Great Danes appeared more likely to be affected with diskospondylitis than female dogs, dogs < 1 year of age, and mixed-breed dogs, respectively. Long-term administration of antimicrobial drugs for treatment of diskospondylitis may be expected. Identification of the causative organism and early treatment are recommended. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:268–275)
Evaluation of plasma catecholamine and serum cortisol concentrations in horses with colic
Authors: Hinchcliff Kenneth W. , Rush Bonnie R. , Farris James W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations and serum cortisol concentration in horses with colic and assess the relationship of these variables with clinical signs, routinely measured clinicopathologic variables, and outcome in affected horses.Design—Prospective observational study.Animals—35 horses with colic.Procedure—Blood samples were collected within 30 minutes of arrival at the veterinary hospital from horses referred because of colic. Plasma and serum samples were analyzed for cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, lactate, and electrolyte concentrations and acid-base variables. Heart rate at admission and outcome (survival or nonsurvival) were recorded. Univariate logistic regression was used to calculate crude (unadjusted) odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results—Of the 35 horses with colic, 26 survived. Higher plasma epinephrine, plasma lactate, and serum cortisol concentrations were significantly associated with increased risk of nonsurvival, but plasma norepinephrine concentration was not associated with outcome. Plasma epinephrine concentration was significantly correlated with heart rate (r= 0.68), plasma lactate concentration (r= 0.87), blood pH (r= –0.83), anion gap (r= 0.74), and base excess (r= –0.81).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The risk of death appears to be greater in colic-affected horses with high circulating concentrations of epinephrine and cortisol. The correlation of epinephrine with other biochemical markers of illness severity and with heart rate indicates that the degree of sympathetic activation in horses with colic can be inferred from routinely measured variables. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:276–280)
Evaluation of electroacupuncture treatment of horses with signs of chronic thoracolumbar pain
Authors: Xie Huisheng , Colahan Patrick , Ott Edgar A. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate use of electroacupuncture for
treatment of horses with signs of chronic thoracolumbar
pain.

Design—Prospective study.

Animals—15 horses with signs of chronic thoracolumbar
pain.

Procedure—Horses were randomly allocated to 1 of
3 treatment groups. Horses in group 1 received electroacupuncture
stimulation (once every 3 days for 5
treatments), those in group 2 received phenylbutazone
(2.2 mg/kg [1 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h, for 5 days), and
those in group 3 received saline (0.9% NaCl) solution
(20 mL, PO, q 12 h, for 5 days). Thoracolumbar pain
scores (TPSs) were evaluated before (baseline) and
after each treatment.

Results—Mean ± SE TPSs in horses receiving
phenylbutazone or saline solution did not change significantly
during the study. After the third treatment,
mean ± SE TPS (2.1 ± 0.6) in horses receiving electroacupuncture
stimulation was significantly lower
than baseline (6.0 ± 0.6) TPS. Mean ± SE TPSs in
horses receiving electroacupuncture stimulation
were significantly lower than baseline TPSs and TPSs
in horses receiving phenylbutazone or saline solution
after the third treatment to 14 days after the last
treatment.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—TPSs are useful
for evaluating the efficacy of various analgesic methods
used for treatment of thoracolumbar pain in horses.
Electroacupuncture was effective for treatment of
chronic thoracolumbar pain in horses. Results provided
evidence that 3 sessions of electroacupuncture treatment
can successfully alleviate signs of thoracolumbar
pain in horses. The analgesic effect induced by electroacupuncture
can last at least 2 weeks. Phenylbutazone
administered PO did not effectively alleviate signs
of thoracolumbar pain in horses in this study. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:281–286)
Use of a continuous, local infusion of bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing total ear canal ablation
Authors: Radlinsky MaryAnn G. , Mason Diane E. , Roush James K. , Pineda Rosalind 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether addition of a continuous, local infusion of bupivacaine would improve postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing total ear canal ablation.Design—Randomized controlled trial.Animals—16 dogs undergoing total ear canal ablation (12 unilaterally and 4 bilaterally with > 1 month between procedures).Procedure—Dogs were randomly allocated to receive morphine (0.25 mg/kg [0.11 mg/lb]) at the end of the procedure (10 procedures) or morphine and a continuous, local infusion of bupivacaine (0.13 to 0.21 mg/kg/h [0.06 to 0.1 mg/lb/h]; 10 procedures). Dogs were observed for 48 hours after surgery. Additional doses of morphine were administered up to every 4 hours in dogs with signs of severe pain.Results—Temperament, sedation, analgesia, and cumulative pain scores were not significantly different between groups any time after surgery. Recovery score was significantly higher for dogs that received bupivacaine than for control dogs 2 hours after extubation but not at any other time. Serum cortisol concentration was not significantly different between groups at any time but, in both groups, was significantly increased at the time of extubation, compared with all other observation times. Total number of additional doses of morphine administered was not significantly different between groups. Bupivacaine was not detected in the plasma of any of the dogs that received the local bupivacaine infusion.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that addition of a continuous, local infusion of bupivacaine did not significantly increase the degree of postoperative analgesia in dogs that underwent total ear canal ablation and were given morphine at the end of surgery. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:414–419)
Evaluation of compliance among nursing staff in administration of prescribed analgesic drugs to critically ill dogs and cats
Authors: Armitage Elizabeth A. , Wetmore Lois A. , Chan Daniel L. , Lindsey Jane C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To investigate the prescription of analgesic drugs to hospitalized critically ill dogs and cats and determine compliance of nursing staff in administering the prescribed analgesics.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—272 dogs and 79 cats hospitalized in an intensive care unit during a 2-month period.Procedure—Patient treatment orders were examined daily for details regarding prescribed and administered analgesic drugs.Results—A mean of 39% of cats and dogs in the intensive care unit were prescribed analgesic drugs each day, the most common of which were opioids. Local anesthetic drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and ketamine were prescribed less frequently. Cats were less likely than dogs to receive analgesics after traumatic injury, but the difference was not significant. There was no difference between species in frequency of prescription of analgesic drugs after surgery. Most patients were prescribed a single class of analgesic drug; only 13% had orders for multiple analgesics. Of the patients for which analgesics were prescribed, 64% received them exactly as prescribed, 23% had at least 1 reduction in dosing, and 13% had at least 1 increase in dosing. When a decrease in dosing occurred, the drugs were opioids in each instance, whereas when drug dosing was increased, the drugs were of various types.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Discrepancies sometimes existed between the dose of analgesic prescribed and that administered. This appeared to occur primarily because of concerns about adverse effects of opioid drugs. Strategies to reduce these effects may improve pain management in critically ill dogs and cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:425–429)
Subtotal pericardectomy and epicardial excision for treatment of coccidioidomycosis-induced effusive-constrictive pericarditis in dogs: 17 cases (1999–2003)
Authors: Heinritz Chris K. , Gilson Stephen D. , Soderstrom Mark J. , Robertson Thomas A. , Gorman Stephanie C. , Boston Ray C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the history, clinicopathologic findings, and results of surgery for effusive-constrictive pericarditis associated withCoccidioides immitisinfection in dogs.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—17 client-owned dogs that underwent a subtotal pericardectomy and epicardial excision.Procedure—Hospital records from May 1999 to June 2003 were reviewed. Data collected included history, clinicopathologic findings, treatments, and outcome. Follow-up information was obtained via recheck examination and by use of standardized telephone interviews with referring veterinarians and owners.Results—All dogs were of large breeds, and most were male (mean age, 4.66 years). Ten dogs had no prior history ofC immitisinfection, and 7 dogs had chronic infection withC immitis. Having a chronicC immitisinfection reduced the odds of survival, compared with no previous infection. All dogs had clinical signs of right-sided heart failure. All dogs had serum titers (range, 1:8 to 1:256) for antibodies againstC immitisprior to surgery, and titers were not significantly associated with outcome. Predominant echocardiographic findings were thickened pericardium, reduced right ventricular filling, and pleural or pericardial effusion. All dogs underwent a subtotal pericardectomy and epicardial excision and had fibrosing pyogranulomatous pericarditis in biopsy specimens obtained during surgery. The perioperative mortality rate was 23.5%, and the 2-year postdischarge survival rate was 82%.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Surgical treatment via subtotal pericardectomy and epicardial excision is successful at relieving right-sided heart failure in dogs with effusive-constrictive pericarditis secondary toC immitisinfection, but long-term treatment with antifungal agents may still be required. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:435–440)
Evaluation of clinical characteristics, diagnostic test results, and outcome in horses with internal infection caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: 30 cases (1995–2003)
Authors: Pratt Suzanne M. , Spier Sharon J. , Carroll Scott P. , Vaughan Betsy , Whitcomb Mary Beth , Wilson W. David 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical signs, results of diagnostic testing, and outcome in horses with internalCorynebacterium pseudotuberculosisinfection.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—30 horses.Procedure—Information pertaining to clinical data, results of diagnostic tests, and costs of hospitalization and treatment was extracted from medical records of affected horses.Results—InternalC pseudotuberculosisinfection was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, diagnostic imaging, and clinicopathologic data, including results of serologic tests and bacterial culture. The most common clinical signs were concurrent external abscesses, anorexia, fever, lethargy, weight loss, and signs of respiratory tract disease or abdominal pain. Clinicopathologic abnormalities included a geometric mean reciprocal serum synergistic hemolysin inhibition titer ≥ 512, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, hyperglobulinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, and anemia. Specific organ involvement was diagnosed in 27 of 30 horses. Affected organs included the liver (18 horses), lungs (12), kidneys (7), and spleen (3); multiple organs were affected in 10 horses. Treatment with antimicrobials for a median of 36 days (range, 7 to 97 days) was usually successful, yielding an overall survival rate of 71%.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Early diagnosis and long-term antimicrobial treatment were important for a successful outcome in horses with internalC pseudotuberculosisinfection. Ultrasonographic imaging was an important technique for identifying specific organs affected, aiding in obtaining samples for a definitive diagnosis, and monitoring response to treatment. Pregnant mares with internal infections are at risk for fetal loss. Preexisting chronic organ disease may be associated with a poor prognosis. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:441–448)