bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of splenectomy and glucocorticoids on survival and hepatic uptake of damaged red cells in the mouse
Authors: Ganick D. J. , Segel G. B. , Chamberlain J. , Hirsch L. , Klemperer M. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have studied the effects of splenectomy and glucocorticoids on the survival and sequestration of Heinz body‐containing red blood cells (RBC‐HZB). Mice were injected with phenylhydrazine damaged 51Cr labeled isologous red blood cells (RBCs). The spleen removed 36% and the liver 19% of the injected dose after 120 hrs. Red cell survival (T½) fell from 180 hrs for undamaged red cells to 16 hrs for RBC‐HZB. Splenectomy resulted in an increase in hepatic uptake of damaged RBCs (36% of the injected dose) and a modest improvement in red cell survival (T½ 54 hrs). Treatment of non‐splenectomized mice with glucocorticoids reduced the splenic uptake to 16% and the hepatic uptake to 14% of the injected dose. The reduction of splenic uptake was associated with a decrease in splenic mass rather than a decrease in uptake per unit weight of splenic tissue, while the reduction in hepatic uptake was associated with both a decrease in hepatic mass and uptake per unit weight. A marked decrease was observed in hepatic uptake and in phagocytosis by Kupffer cells in glucocorticoid‐treated splenectomized mice. These data suggest that increased hepatic uptake may decrease the effectiveness of splenectomy in RBC‐HZB hemolytic anemia and that glucocorticoids may decrease the hepatic uptake by reducing phagocytosis by Kupffer cells.
Continuous flow method for determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility
Authors: Ito Yoichiro , Carmeci Peter , Steele Roderic 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA simple and accurate micromethod for the determination of erythrocyte osmotic fragility is introduced. The method uses a laminar parabolic flow pattern, together with gravity, to retain cells in a long, small‐diameter tube while a solution with decreasing osmolarity is passed through the tube. As the cells hemolyze, hemoglobin released from the cells is quickly removed by the axial flow pattern and monitored with a 547 nm optical detector for recording the hemolysis curve. Consequently, a continuous curve is obtained, with a peak occurring at the salt concentration that produces the maximum hemolysis rate. The advantages of this method are simplicity, accuracy, and small sample size (2 microliters of whole blood). The small sample size is of particular importance for infants.A comparison is made with the Parpart method using samples from 18 normal adults. Results are also given for a few abnormal adults and for a series of 26 normal newborns.
Increase in platelet aggregation following a rise in plasma free fatty acids
Authors: Burstein Yoav , Berns Lawrence , Heldenberg Dov , Kahn Yael , Werbin Ben Zion , Tamir Israel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlatelet aggregation was studied following intravenous injection of heparin to nine healthy adults. Heparin is known to produce an increase in the concentration of free fatty acids (FFA) within 10 minutes of intravenous injection. A significant correlation was found between the intensity of primary platelet aggregation and changes in plasma FFA levels. No correlation was found between plasma FFA levels and the intensity of secondary platelet aggregation.
Murine hemopoietic colonies in culture containing normoblasts, macrophages, and megakaryocytes
Authors: Hara Hiroshi , Ogawa Makio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMurine marrow cells, when incubated in methylcellulose culture in the presence of erythropoietin and conditioned medium for two weeks, produced large macroscopic bursts containing normoblasts, macrophages, and often megakaryocytes. The clonal nature of these mixed colonies was supported by linearity studies and analyses of the percentages of constituent cells in different plating conditions. Time course observations and studies of the effects of L‐cell‐conditioned medium revealed that colony‐forming cells for the mixed colonies (CFU‐mix) are at earlier stages of hemopoietic development than burst‐forming units (BFU‐E). The mean of the modal sedimentation velocities of CFU‐mix was 3.4 mm/hr and was in close agreement with that reported for the spleen colony‐forming units. Almost none of the CFU‐mix was in a DNA synthetic phase as measured by short‐term exposure to tritiated thymidine. These results strongly indicate that CFU‐mix represent a population of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells in murine marrow.
The treatment of combination chemotherapy‐resistant Hodgkin disease with single‐agent vinblastine
Authors: Warren Robert D. , Bender Richard A. , Norton Larry , Young Robert C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVinblastine has been an effective single agent for initial induction therapy of advanced Hodgkin disease. To investigate the efficacy of this drug in combination chemotherapy‐resistant Hodgkin disease, 29 patients with Stage III or Stage IV disease who had previously received MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, prednisone, procarbazine) or C‐MOPP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, procarbazine) for initial remission induction were treated with vinblastine at the time of relapse, either as the first single agent at relapse (n = 17) or following unsuccessful attempts at reinduction with combination chemotherapy (n = 9) or other single agents (n = 3). Eighteen patients (62%) achieved an objective regression of disease. Two patients (7%) had a complete remission of nine and ten months duration and 16 patients (55%) had a partial remission with a median duration of four months. A response to combination chemotherapy did not predict for a vinblastine response, nor did nodal versus visceral involvement at time of relapse or initial stage of Hodgkin disease. There were no significant differences in age, sex, vinblastine dose, or disease duration between those patients who responded to vinblastine and those who did not. Patients with nodular sclerosis histology responded better to subsequent vinblastine therapy. Hematologic toxicity was moderate with 17 patients developing leukopenia (< 3,000 cells/mm3) and 12 patients developing thrombocytopenia (< 100,000 cells/mm3). The overall response rate of vinblastine in combination chemotherapy‐resistant Hodgkin disease is comparable to vinblastine single‐agent therapy for initial induction and appears not to be cross‐resistant with combinations containing vincristine.
Rosette‐formation with mouse erythrocytes: VI. T, B, and third population lymphoid cells in mycosis fungoides and effect of leukopheresis
Authors: Gupta Sudhir , Safai Bijan , Good Robert A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood from 16 patients with mycosis fungoides and two patients with Sézary syndrome was examined for T, B, and third‐population (K) cells, using a battery of surface markers. T lymphocytes as determined by spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes and third‐population cells as determined by the Ripley rosette test were present in normal proportions. Surprisingly, B lymphocytes, as determined by surface immunoglobulin and receptors for mouse erythrocytes, were either lacking or were present in low proportions in some patients. Normal proportions were present in others. Repeat studies of two of three patients lacking B lymphocytes, following treatment, revealed normal or low proportions of B cells. Two patients with mycosis fungoides had increased proportions of “null” cells. Study of lymphoid cell subpopulations before and after leukopheresis in a single patient demonstrated a decrease in T cell proportions associated with a concomitant increase in the proportions of “null” cells following this therapy.
Breast cancer and acute leukemia: Report of 24 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Rosner Fred , Carey Robert W. , Zarrabi Mohammad H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐four cases of breast cancer and acute leukemia and three cases of breast cancer and chronic myelocytic leukemia are reported. An additional 54 cases of acute leukemia and 13 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia associated with breast cancer from the literature are reviewed.The mean interval between the diagnosis of breast cancer and the occurrence of acute leukemia is 6.9 years. In eight patients, the two diseases occurred simultaneously or within one year of each other. Four patients had acute lymphoblastic leukemia; the remainder had acute myelocytic leukemia or one of its variants.Seven patients received no postmastectomy radiotherapy or chemotherapy and the occurrence of acute leukemia between 1 and 23 years later cannot, therefore, be attributed to the therapy given for the breast cancer. Forty‐one patients received postoperative radiotherapy to the mastectomy site. Combination chemotherapy was administered to eight patients, five of whom were also treated with radiotherapy.Acute leukemia is estimated to occur in patients treated for breast cancer with a sevenfold increased frequency over the expected number. This may be due to an increased risk of a second neoplasm in patients with a primary tumor; alternatively, the acute leukemia may be related to the radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy administered to treat the breast cancer. Late death from leukemia after chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic remission of metastatic breast cancer is preferable to morbidity and/or early death from inadequately treated breast cancer.
Hemorrhagic death associated with a high titer factor V inhibitor
Authors: Coots Macie C. , Muhleman Albert F. , Glueck Helen I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn acquired bleeding diathesis was first noted in a 51‐year‐old patient 11 days following an exploratory laparotomy. Laboratory studies indicated the cause of bleeding to be the development of a circulating anticoagulant which inhibited factor V activity. The inhibitor, an immunoglobulin of the IgG class, was separated by use of Sephadex G‐200 filtration, disc electrophoresis, and isoelectric focusing. Despite vigorous immunosuppressive, antifibrinolytic, and replacement therapy, including the use of a “prothrombin complex” and plasmaphoresis, the bleeding diathesis could not be reversed and the patient died of hemorrhage.Although inhibitors to factor V are not usually associated with major life‐threatening hemorrhage, this case demonstrates that the development of such an inhibitor can be an ominous finding. The use of an aminoglycoside antibiotic in this and other patients so reported may be one of the contributing causes to the development of such an inhibitor.
Hodgkin disease: An analysis of 128 cases
Authors: Dawar Ramesh , Mangalik Aroop 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn analysis of 128 cases of Hodgkin disease seen at the Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, during the period 1968–1974 is presented with reference to histopathological and clinical findings. A male preponderance is noted in all age groups, and this is most noticeable in children under 15 years of age. There is a predominance of cases with the histologic subtypes associated with a poor prognosis (mixed cellularity and lymphocyte depleted). Only nine cases of nodular sclerosis type were seen.
In vitro functional capabilities of canine polymorphonuclear neutrophils collected simultaneously by continuous‐flow centrifugation and continuous‐flow filtration leukopheresis
Authors: Cook Lloyd O. , Boxer Laurence A. , Allen John M. , Griep John A. , Baehner Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPolymorphonuclear neutrophils were simultaneously collected from dogs by continuous‐flow centrifugation and continuous‐flow filtration leukapheresis. In vitro studies were performed on cells obtained by the two methods as well as on control cells. Studies consisted of assessment of phagocytic capacity, degranulation, chemotaxis, hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activity, and bacterial killing. The cells obtained from the filter were metabolically more active than those harvested by centrifugation, as evidenced by increase in resting HMP shunt activity and dimunition in total available lysozyme‐secreting activity compared to centrifuged cells. Despite their impaired phagocytic capacities, the filtered cells were able to kill Staphylococcus aureus as efficiently as the centrifuged cells. Both cell populations responded to chemotactic gradients equally.
Studies on red‐cell aplasia: IX. Ferrokinetics during remission of the disease
Authors: Wibulyachainunt Saengsuree , Price Ronald , Brill A. Bertrand , Krantz Sanford B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFerrokinetic studies and external organ measurements of radioiron were performed on five patients with pure red‐cell aplasia (PRCA) in remission. One patient with PRCA in relapse was also studied. Of those in remission, one patient had erythroid hyperplasia and ineffective erythropoiesis after the remission occurred. This was indicated by a very short 59Fe clearance rate and reduced red‐cell 59Fe incorporation, a marked increase of the erythron iron turnover over the fixed red‐cell iron turnover, and a prolonged marrow transit time. These indices were normal three years later. Four patients had normal effective erythropoiesis while in remission. Two patients had an extended marrow distribution. These studies indicate that some cases of PRCA evolve into a state of ineffective erythropoiesis with erythroid hyperplasia. It is possible that in some patients, primary refractory anemia with ineffective erythropoiesis may be related to PRCA because of the evolution from one state into the other. Alternatively, a second pathologic process may have been acquired between the PRCA and normal hematopoiesis.
Radioimmunoassay of human prothrombin—The quantitation of plasma factor II antigen
Authors: Lox Charles D. , Strohm G. Henry , Corrigan James J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHuman factor II (prothrombin) was isolated by chromatographic techniques and showed a single band on electrophoresis. 125I‐tagged factor II was prepared by standard chloramine‐T oxidation and sodium metabisulfite reduction. The radioimmunoassay (RIA) method used was a specific double‐antibody radioimmunoassay similar to that described for the pituitary trophic hormones. The method showed high precision and sensitivity. A dose‐response curve was generated by adding known amounts of normal human plasma to human barium sulfate‐absorbed oxalated plasma. A straight‐line relationship existed between 15 to 140% coagulant activity and 7 to 50 μg/ml antigen content. Plasma factor II antigen in 20 normals was 86.1 ± 8.4 μg/ml. Eight patients with induced vitamin K deficiency revealed normal antigen levels and reduced coagulant activity, whereas three patients with severe hepatocellular disease were found to have both antigen and coagulant activity reduced. Although coagulant activity decreased with prolonged storage, it was found that antigen content did not change with up to three months' storage at − 20°C. The use of the RIA for measuring prothrombin protein in conjunction with coagulation factor assays may have clinical application in studying the mechanism of action of vitamin K, the developmental aspects of factor II production and activation, and the understanding of acquired coagulopathies.
Association of 5q− and refractory anemia
Authors: Kaffe Sara , Hsu Lillian Y. F. , Hoffman Ronald , Hirschhorn Kurt 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe association of refractory anemia with partial deletion of the long arm of one No. 5 chromosome (5q−) has been reported in six patients within the last two years. We wish to report an additional patient with refractory anemia and an acquired chromosomal deletion, del(5)(q15), in a direct bone‐marrow preparation. The specificity of this deletion for refractory anemia is discussed. It remains to be seen whether patients with refractory anemia and 5q− tend to develop acute leukemia, as has been recently suggested.
A case of acute myelogenous leukemia with an 8–21 translocation, missing Y, and additional karyotypic abnormalities
Authors: Kaneko Yasuhiko , Sakurai Masaharu , Hattori Masao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) whose bone marrow cells had complicated chromosomal abnormalities, in addition to an 8–21 translocation and a missing Y chromosome, is reported. The complex additional abnormalities did not appear to have much influence on the clinical aspects of the disease, eg, cytology of the leukemic cells and the patient's response to chemotherapy, even though the patient did have a rectal tumor due to leukemic cell infiltration.
Hemopoietic support capacity of the adult mouse liver: II. Studies in acetylphenylhydrazine‐treated mice
Authors: Adler Solomon S. , Trobaugh Frank E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe investigated the hemopoietic support capacity of the liver in intact and splenectomized adult mice treated with three daily injections of acetylphenylhydrazine (APH). Packed red cell volumes, liver and spleen weights, numbers of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells (CFU‐S) in blood and liver, and liver histology were evaluated 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days after the first injection.We found that 1) splenectomized, APH‐treated mice had a greater and more sustained increase in the weights of their livers than the increase found in livers of intact APH‐treated mice; 2) APH treatment elicited a much greater increase in the blood and liver CFU‐S of splenectomized mice (47 and 42 times normal, respectively) than it elicited in the blood and liver CFU‐S of intact mice (4–5 and 4 times normal, respectively); and 3) APH treatment induced numerous foci of hemopoietic tissue in the livers of splenectomized mice. The results of the CFU‐S studies can be explained by, and to some extent support, the thesis that the adult mouse liver does not support proliferation of normal CFU‐S, but can trap large numbers of circulating CFU‐S. In addition, these studies suggest that the livers of adult mice are able to support only limited proliferation of differentiated hemopoietic elements.
Prognostic value of nucleoli and cell size in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Dubner Howard N. , Crowley John J. , Schilling Robert F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an effort to improve prediction of duration of survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, correlations between blood‐cell morphology and survival were investigated. Blood films made on 108 patients at the time of diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia were reviewed by a single hematologist. Lymphocyte diameter and the fraction of lymphocytes containing nucleoli were both found to have an inverse correlation with survival.Bone‐marrow aspirate films were available for 64 patients. Differential leukocyte counts showed that the median for marrow lymphocytes was 64%. Those patients with a greater than median proportion of lymphocytes on marrow aspirate had a shorter survival time than those with less than median.
Combined effect of dextrose and sodium chloride on red cell osmotic fragility
Authors: Minn Sang K. , Harnchonboth Kwanruen , Mandel Emanuel E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObservations indicating an enhancing effect of sodium on hemolysis of red cells suspended in dextrose solution prompted study of the mechanism of this effect. Osmotic fragility of red cells from normal subjects and from patients was measured in 5% dextrose solution (5D/W), 5% dextrose combined with various concentrations of sodium chloride (5D/NaCl), lithium chloride, and potassium chloride. The influence of ouabain on osmotic hemolysis in 5D/ NaCl was also studied, and the glucose content of ghost red cells was determined when incubated in 5% dextrose with 0.05% NaCl (5D/O.05NaCl), as compared with 5D/W.In the presence of minimal amounts of NaCl (0.05%) at pH 4.8, average hemolysis was greater than in the absence of NaCl, ie, 39% vs 24% in normal subjects (P < 0.02) and 40% vs 31% in a group of unselected patients (P < 0.05). When the pH was adjusted to 7.4 in the patient group, the results were 34% vs 21% (P < 0.05). The sodium‐induced enhancement of hemolysis in dextrose solution was virtually duplicated when LiCl and KCl were substituted for NaCl (P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). On the other hand, in the presence of ouabain, the sodium‐induced enhancement of hemolysis was abolished. The overall glucose content of ghost red cells incubated in 5D/0.05NaCl was 53% greater than in 5D/W (P < 0.005), whereas with ghost red cells depleted of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it was only 32% greater (P < 0.01).These results suggest that glucose transport across the red cell membrane is enhanced by the sodium ion, presumably by triggering the membrane sodium‐potassium ATPase system.
Coulter S hematocrit and microhematocrit in polycythemic patients
Authors: Dosik H. , Prasad B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFalsely high microhematocrits are found when compared to Coulter S hematocrit levels. This increase is exaggerated when hematocrit levels are increased and the cells are hypochromic and microcytic. Polycythemic patients monitored with microhematocrits may be phlebotomized incorrectly because of this abnormality. We suggest the use of Coulter S hematocrits or spectrophotometric hemoglobin levels to monitor polycythemic patients.
Myelofibrosis with complex chromosome abnormality in a patient with erythrocytosis due to hemoglobin rainier and treated with 32P
Authors: Najfeld Vesna , Price Thomas H. , Adamson John W. , Fialkow Philip J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient with familial erythrocytosis associated with Hemoglobin Rainier, and previously treated with 32P, developed myelofibrosis with a hyperdiploid chromosome clone in the myeloid cells (51, XX, +1, 2q‐(q33), +6, +9, +11, ‐19, +20q +,+ mar 1). This transformation from a benign disorder of differentiated erythrocytes to a malignant disorder may have been secondary to radiophosphorus therapy.
Demonstration of a platelet bypass mechanism in the clotting system using an acquired anticoagulant
Authors: Firkin B. G. , Booth P. , Hendrix L. , Howard M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA lupus‐type anticoagulant which causes strong inhibition of the partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK), the stypven time, and the thrombin generation tests has been investigated. All tests for platelet function were normal, as were all specific coagulation factor assays with the exception of a slightly reduced factor XI in this patient. A diethylaminoethyl‐cellulose‐immunoglobulin (DEAE‐cellulose‐IgG) fractionation of the patient's plasma produced two peaks containing inhibitory activity in the PTTK test. The first of these peaks had a cloudy appearance, suggesting the presence of immunoglobulin aggregates. Studies with IgG aggregates prepared from normal IgG and from the patient's IgG demonstrated that such aggregates were not the cause of inhibition. It was possible to neutralize the inhibitory activity of the purified IgG but not platelet‐poor plasma (PPP) with a rabbit anti‐IgG. The inhibition of the patient's PPP in the thrombin generation, the contact product, and the stypven time tests were corrected by the inclusion in the test system of platelets activated either by aggregation due to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or formalin fixation and washing. These studies lend support to earlier findings that platelets interact at several sites in the coagulation cascade.