bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep and Waking Have a Major Effect on the 24-Hr Rhythm of Cortical Temperature in the Rat
Authors: Franken Paul , Tobler Irene , Borbély Alexander A. 
Published: March 2007

The relationship between the time course of cortical temperature (TCRT) and sleep-wake alternation was investigated by correlation analyses and a computer simulation. The data for these analyses were collected in 10 rats in a 4-day experiment (LD 12:12), during which vigilance states and TCRT were determined for consecutive 8-sec epochs. On day 1 baseline recordings were obtained; on day 2 the animals were sleep-deprived; and days 3 and 4 served as recovery days. The correlation analyses revealed that the alternation of sleep and waking accounted for 84% of the variance of TCRT when analyzed for hourly intervals. The residual variance displayed a 24-hr periodicity with an amplitude of 0.15°C. Similar results were obtained in a separate data set of a 2- day experiment, which consisted of a baseline day (LD 12:12) and a day with constant darkness. The periodicity of the residual variance of TCRT can therefore be considered to represent the circadian temperature rhythm not masked by the vigilance states. In the computer simulation, the time course of TCRT was simulated on the basis of the sequence of the vigilance states with an 8-sec time resolution. It was assumed that TCRT increases during waking and rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep according to an exponential saturating function, and decreases exponentially during non-REM sleep. The simulations could account for 88-93% of the variance of TCRT. We conclude that in the rat, the major part of the variation of TCRT is accounted for by vigilance states, whereas a minor part can be attributed to a direct effect of the circadian pacemaker.
Get Your Workforce Ready to Respond to Y2K Failures
Authors: Bremen John M. , Coil Maggi 
Published: March 2007

Private and public organizations around the world have been fixated on the potential Y2K crisis that is now nearly here. Whether Y2K turns out to be a minor operational annoyance or a fullscale technological disaster, U.S. organizations alone have already spent over $1 trillion on Y2K compliance measures. In spite of the precautions taken and preparations made thus far, the authors find that few organizations have addressed the core issue of what human efforts will be required to maintain operations in the midst of the crisis. The authors' research demonstrates that, while tremendous resources have been poured into averting computer-related disasters, considerably less is being done to prepare workforces to respond to customers' needs should system failures occur. If and when Y2K problems happen, customers will not care whose system "went down." They will care only about how well a company responds to their problems. "Because workforce and customer service constituents appear to be underrepresented at the Y2K table," state the authors, "we strongly recommend that experts in areas including compensation, benefits, staffing, and training get involved in the Y2K problem now."
U.S. Policy toward the Demise of Yugoslavia: the “Virus of Nationalism”
Authors: Lytle Paula Franklin 
Published: March 2007

The future of this part of the world is both auspicious and dangerous. I am reminded of the famous medical case of “Uncle Toby,” who suffered from a thyroid malfunction which reduced his metabolic rate to almost zero, effectively putting him in cold storage for seven years. When he was cured, it turned out that he had a malignant form of cancer which, after being dormant for those seven years, spread and quickly killed him. Eastern Europe, awakening from the cold storage of authoritarian repression, must now contend with the dangers of virulent nationalism. Yugoslavia is not immune. U.S. Ambassador Warren Zimmermann
Manufacture of Powder-Impregnated Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Iyer Shridhar R. , Drzal Lawrence T. 
Published: March 2007

The use of thermoplastic composites has been limited by the lack of reliable techniques to make prepregs of consistent quality. Dry powder impregnation methods offer a new approach to the solution of this problem. This paper discusses the features that are essential to the development of an acceptable dry powder process The physical principles that govern the manufacture of thermoplastic prepreg tapes of controllable fiber-matrix volume fractions and the consolidation of these tapes to make void-free composite parts are presented A novel powder prepregging process suitable for the manufacture of high-quality powder-impregnated tapes and their subsequent consolidation to make void-free parts is discussed. It is shown that a well-designed dry powder process can achieve fine control over both fiber-matrix composition in the prepreg tape and intimate wetting between in dividual fibers and the thermoplastic matrix Powder prepreg tapes can be consolidated into void-free specimens with simple consolidation cycles developed for a specific fiber- matrix combination
Hypnosis, false memory and multiple personality: a trinity of affinity
Authors: Rieber Robert W. 
Published: March 2007

This paper presents a discussion of the relationship between hypnosis, false memory, and multiple personality. Since Morton Prince's classic case of multiple personality (Prince 1906), only two other cases rival Prince's original work (Thigpen and Cleckley 1957, Schreiber 1973) in popularity. This paper illustrates startling new material regarding the third most famous of multiple personality cases, that of Sybil. Tape recordings recently discovered document the fraudulent construction of multiple personality. The importance of the role of hypnosis is discussed in this presentation. The author of this paper knew the author of Sybil, Flora Schreiber, through many years before her death, and therefore is able to present first-hand information about the author and her work. '... to suggest during a trance the appearance of a secondary personage with a certain temperament and that secondary personage will usually give itself a name. One has therefore to be on one's guard in this matter against confounding naturally double persons and persons who are simply temporarily endowed with the belief that they must play the part of being double.' Prince, 1890 (William James comments upon Morton Prince's paper) 'After all', as Miss Beauchamp used to say, referring to her different dissociated personalities, B1, B3, and B4 - the saint, the devil and the woman, 'they are all myself.' And perhaps after all, Miss Beauchamp was not so very much unlike the rest of us. Morton Prince, 28 April 1915 (Rieber 1997)
Studies in International Education: A Research Perspective
Authors: de Wit Hans 
Published: March 2007

This article seeks to place studies in international education " within the broader context of educational science, and to contribute to the improvement of the theoretical basis of analysis and research methods of international education. Recognition of international education " as a special research area is, given its growing importance in practice and in research, inevitable and necessary. The Journal of Studies in International Education can play a role in establishing it as a means of communication and dissemination between researchers and practitioners. The start of the Journal is a marking point, not only because of its scholarly and global perspective, hut also because of its ability to position the study of international education in a specific place and platform within the broad field of educational research.
Conducting Polymers: Properties and Applications
Authors: Unsworth Joe , Conn Costa , Zheshi Jin  , Kaynak Akif , Ediriweera Rohana , Innis Peter , Booth Norman 
Published: March 2007

There are over 100 conducting polymers which have been synthesised by chemists with a wide range of specific electrical conductivities. Many of these polymers are suitable for elec tronic device fabrication. Semi-conducting and conducting polymers have potential for application in several areas. In this paper electronic and microwave properties are explored. Fabrication of elec tronic and microwave devices can be achieved with these special polymers which are not possible with say silicon or gallium arsenide. Wide area flexible electronic junctions can be fabricated. Polymers have low density, hence conductivity to weight ratio can be higher than metals. Optical transparency together with electrical conduction has been achieved. This article presents an overview of the results of investigations undertaken within the Centre for Materials Technology (CMT) in this area over the past 4 years. This includes work on monomer and polymer synthesis, molecular structure-property relationships, electromagnetic shielding, thermal, optical and junction properties.
The Relationship of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to IQ Level and the Fluid and Crystallized IQ Discrepancy on the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (KAIT)
Authors: Kaufman Alan S. , McLean James E. , Lincoln Alan 
Published: March 2007

To better understand the putative relationship between personality style and cognition, we assessed adolescents and adults on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)and the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult intelligence Test (KAIT). The MBTI provides scores on four indexes: Extraversion-Introversion, Sensing-Intuition, Thinking-Feeling, and Judging-Perceiving. The KAIT provides Fluid, Crystallized, and Composite Intelligence Quotients. Participants consisted of 1,297 individuals, aged 14 to 94 years, who were tested throughout the United States during the nationwide standardization of the KAIT. It was hypothesized that individuals favoring Intuition and Thinking would be more intelligent and would favor fluid over crystallized intelligence relative to those favoring Sensing and Feeling, respectively. Several multiple analyses of variance and covariance (MANOVAs and MANCOVAs) were conducted with sex, race, KAIT IQ, and KAIT Fluid and Crystallized IQ discrepancy serving as independent variables and continuous scores on the MBTI used as dependent variables. Consistent with hypothesized relationships, people classified as Intuitive earned higher KAIT Composite IQs than those classified as Sensing. However, most other hypotheses were not supported, as the Fluid-Crystallized discrepancy was not meaningfully related to any MBTI dimension.
Verbal Interaction Patterns of Mothers, Children, and Other Persons in the Home1
Authors: Dickerscheid Jean D. , Kirkpatrick Sue W. 
Published: March 2007

Verbal interaction patterns within the home were the focus in this study. Patterns of verbal interaction between (1) mothers and all persons in the home at the time of the observations, (2) mothers and their familial children, and (3) mothers and their 4‐year‐old children were investigated.Observations were recorded in each subject's home setting as families conducted their normal daily routines. Data were analyzed to determine conditions within the homes which affected verbal interaction patterns.When all persons present were considered, income housing level, percentage of male children in the family, age of mothers, and number of familial children present were related to verbal interaction patterns at a significant level. When verbal interactions between mothers and children were analyzed, number of familial children present and the presence of the father were related to verbal interaction patterns. When mothers and 4‐year‐olds were studied, age of mothers was related to the verbal interaction patterns at a significant level.
Rehabilitation for Homemakers with Cardiovascular. Involvements: Changes in Attitudes and Ability1
Authors: Jones Alpha H. , Schwab Lois O. 
Published: March 2007

Rehabilitative changes that occurred during an educational program in homemaking were measured using three instruments: an Information and Activity Questionnaire, a Self‐ Analysis Scale, and the Cardiac Adjustment Scale. These tests were administered to 28 homemakers who were divided into experimental and control groups, each group with 14 subjects. The tests were administered on an individual basis before and after the 10‐week program.Homemakers involved in the homemaking rehabilitation program showed significant and favorable changes in scores on the three instruments, whereas the group not involved in the rehabilitation program did not show significant changes. Also, the differences between mean pre‐ and posttest scores were significantly greater for the experimental than for the control group.
Level of Living: Factors Influencing the Homemaker's Satisfaction1
Authors: Hafstrom Jeanne L. , Dunsing Marilyn M. 
Published: March 2007

This study was designed to determine factors that influenced the homemaker's satisfaction with the family's level of living. Multivariate regression analysis with successive elimination of independent variables was used with data from nuclear families in two samples. One sample was of 488 “typical” families and the other sample was of 191 “disadvantaged” families. The general hypothesis tested was that the homemaker's satisfaction with the family's level of living is influenced by similar factors for both types of families. In addition, it was hypothesized that the factors having the most influence on “typical” homemakers would tend to be more abstract and less concrete; it was also hypothesized that the reverse would be found in the “disadvantaged” sample.The results tended to support the general hypothesis and the specific hypothesis for the “typical” homemakers. They did not support the specific hypothesis for the “disad vantaged” homemakers. The final regression explained 40 and 39 percent of the variances in the homemaker's satisfaction with level of living for the “typical”a and “disadvantaged” samples, respectively. The adjusted coefficients of multiple determination for both samples were high for cross‐section data, indicating that the method used should be given further consideration by other researchers.
Survival and Redeposition of Fungi During Laundering
Authors: Warden Jessie , Highley Tonda 
Published: March 2007

This research concerned survival and redeposition of the fungus, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, on military footwear fabrics (50% wool, 30% nylon, and 20% cotton) subjected to various laundry procedures with water temperatures of 100°, 120°, and 140°F. and detergent concentrations of 0.0 percent and 0.2 percent; and the effect of the two solutions on fiber and fabric.A sequential experimental design was used to analyze data on the duration of survival of Trichophyton mentagrophytes on knit footwear during laundering. Standard test procedures were employed in the inoculation, soiling, and recovery of the microorganism. Fiber and fabric damage was determined through microanalysis and by testing for fabric strength and elongation.Only wash water of 140°F. significantly decreased the survival and redeposition of the organism. The effect of soiling on the inoculated fabric was significant in the number of pits and corrosion in cotton and in the bursting strength of the fabric. Detergent concentration was not significant for all types of damage in the textile fibers or for loss of strength and elongation in fabric. The number of launderings before inoculation was significant in damage for fibers and in loss of bursting strength and elongation.
Self‐Concepts of Parents and Children
Authors: Taub Marvin 
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine certain associations among the self‐concepts of parents and those of their preschool children. Forty‐one parents and children were tested to determine their self‐concepts.Correlational analyses include the following findings. There were positive associations between the self‐concepts of the parents and their child, between those of the mother and her child, and between those of the father and his child. If the mother's and the child's self‐concepts were dissimilar, the self‐concepts of the father and child were positively associated; however, dissimilarity between parents' self‐concepts was negatively associated with the child's self‐concept.
Secondary Workers' Earnings and Their Impact on Family Income Adequacy1
Authors: Metzen Edward J. , Helmick Sandra A. 
Published: March 2007

The purposes of this study were to investigate the contributions to family income of secondary workers in eight diverse samples and to develop a measure for assessing the impact of such earnings on the family's income adequacy. This measure, the income adequacy improvement index, considers the contributions from secondary workers in relation to adequacy of the family's income from other sources.The impact of supplemental earnings was determined to be greatest in the sample of California migrant families, both because they received substantial contributions from secondary workers and because the level of income from other sources was inadequate. For the same reasons, secondary workers in black families attained relatively high values for the income adequacy improvement index.
Employment Status of the Wife‐Mother: Psychological, Social, and Socioeconomic Influences1
Authors: Sampson Joan M. , Dunsing Marilyn M. , Hafstrom Jeanne L. 
Published: March 2007

This study was designed to determine factors that affect the employment status of the wife‐mother. A multiple regression technique with successive elimination of independent socioeconomic, psychological, and social variables was used. The results of a confusion matrix (cross‐tabulation of the observations of the predicted and the actual employment status of the wives) suggested that the variables used in the present study were good predictors of employment status of the wife‐mother.The general hypothesis tested was that factors influencing the employment status of the wife‐mother would be similar in both “typical” and “disadvantaged” samples. The results in both samples offer some support for this hypothesis. Three variables, husband's feelings about the wife working, youngest child's educational status, and frequency of family members' help around the house, were “universal”—statistically significant in the final regressions run on both samples. The findings suggest that psychological and social variables, as well as the commonly used socioeconomic variables, should be included in future studies concerned with explaining employment status of the wife‐mother.
Household Textiles Consumption by Farm and City Families: Assortment Owned, Annual Expenditures, and Sources1
Authors: Winakor Geitel 
Published: March 2007

A total of 510 rural farm and 630 city families in Iowa, Illinois, and Nebraska were inter viewed in detail about their consumption of household textiles during a 1‐year period in 1970–71. Goals of the project were to describe the consumption process and to develop bud gets for household textiles; this paper reports some findings on the first goal. Analysis of data was mainly by multiple regression.Farm and city families were similar on most measures of household textiles consumption; apparent differences in spending resulted from differences in income distri butions and proportions of families that moved. Income was positively related to expendi tures, assortment owned, and acquisition of items from several supplementary sources, but results obtained using dummy variables revealed that these relationships were sometimes complex. If a family had moved during the year, its expenditures were markedly higher than those of comparable families that had not moved. Age of wife (perhaps representing length of time since family formation) was inversely related to several variables. Unex plained variance remained high although many different equations were tried; great varia tion is probably characteristic of household textiles consumption.
Preparing Disadvantaged Pupils for Homemaker and Wage‐Earner Roles
Authors: Nelson Helen Y. , Lowe Phyllis K. , Dalrymple Julia I. 
Published: March 2007

Selected teachers were provided learning experiences preparing them to work effectively with disadvantaged pupils; to cooperate with social and educational agencies; to work with employers providing job experience; and to produce curriculum materials for two courses orienting pupils to a dual role, one emphasizing job preparation, the other homemaking. Experimental and control groups were compared post‐course. Instruments to measure comprehension, job and homemaker skills and attitudes, self‐concept, and employee and employer satisfactions were selected or developed. Teaching methods and curriculum materials were evaluated. Utility of curriculum for teachers not sharing special preparation was assessed. Pupils were followed up after one year.Pupils in the wage‐earning course evidenced gains in employability, knowledge, and feelings of self‐worth. Pupils in both homemaking and wage‐earning courses gained in positive attitude toward work. The impact of the courses was limited on academic achieve ment, absenteeism, and attitude toward women's dual role. Pupils said they had learned; employers and administrators evidenced satisfaction.Pupils in the course emphasizing wage earning gained more consistently than those in the course emphasizing homemaking. Agency resources made little contribution. Teachers successfully used the curriculum without special training.
Affective Dimensions of High and Low Cognitive Homemaking Tasks
Authors: Steidl Rose E. 
Published: March 2007

Homemakers were asked what they liked and disliked about 1,208 homemaking tasks they named as high and low in the cognitive requirements of attention, judgment, and planning. “Pleasure derived from the results” was the reason cited most often for liking both the high and low cognitive tasks. Their responses for the disliked aspects were varied.Broad groupings of liked aspects were distributed similarly for high and low cognitive tasks, as were the broad groupings of disliked aspects. Liked aspects were most often in the affective domain, then in the content of the work and in the physical and social context. Disliked aspects were most often about the content of the work, the context, and then affec tive factors.The 208 wives also rated and ranked their tasks. A significant proportion of high cognitive tasks were rated liked and ranked most liked. Only half of the low cognitive tasks were rated disliked, although a significant proportion were ranked least liked. Implications for design of homemaking tasks are to enhance the personal satisfaction with accomplishment and results and to adjust some of the sources of dislike in the content of the work.
Wives' Perceptions of Marital Decision Making
Authors: Jeries Naheel 
Published: March 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of socioeconomic and demographic, value and goal orientation, perception, sociability, and satisfaction variables in explaining marital decision making as perceived by wives. The sample con sisted of 163 nuclear families living in small towns in southwestern Iowa. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the data. The results of this study partially supported the general hypothesis that sociability and psychological factors would be more closely asso ciated with marital decision making than socioeconomic factors.The findings indicated that marital satisfaction, going places together as a family, and the family income were positively related to joint decision making. On the other hand, the wife's employment outside the home, seeing and visiting with friends from work, the wife's perception of income adequacy, not being able to meet large bills, and the wife's inclina tion toward authority versus equality in regard to education were negatively related to joint decision making.