bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salidroside directly activates HSC70, revealing a new role for HSC70 in BDNF signalling and neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia
Authors: Lai Wenfang , Luo Rui , Tang Yuheng , Yu Zhengshuang , Zhou Binbin , Yang Zelin , Brown John , Hong Guizhu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSalidroside, a principal bioactive component of Rhodiola crenulata, is neuroprotective across a wide time window in stroke models. We investigated whether salidroside induced neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia and aimed to identify its primary molecular targets. Rats, subjected to transient 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), received intraperitoneal vehicle or salidroside ± intracerebroventricular HSC70 inhibitor VER155008 or TrkB inhibitor ANA‐12 for up to 7 days. MRI, behavioural tests, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting measured effects of salidroside. Reverse virtual docking and enzymatic assays assessed interaction of salidroside with purified recombinant HSC70. Salidroside dose‐dependently decreased cerebral infarct volumes and neurological deficits, with maximal effects by 50 mg/kg/day. This dose also improved performance in beam balance and Morris water maze tests. Salidroside significantly increased BrdU+/nestin+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/NeuN+, BrdU−/NeuN+ and BDNF+ cells in the peri‐infarct cortex, with less effect in striatum and no significant effect in the subventricular zone. Salidroside was predicted to bind with HSC70. Salidroside dose‐dependently increased HSC70 ATPase and HSC70‐dependent luciferase activities, but it did not activate HSP70. HSC70 immunoreactivity concentrated in the peri‐infarct cortex and was unchanged by salidroside. However, VER155008 prevented salidroside‐dependent increases of neurogenesis, BrdU−/NeuN+ cells and BDNF+ cells in peri‐infarct cortex. Salidroside also increased BDNF protein and p‐TrkB/TrkB ratio in ischemic brain, changes prevented by VER155008 and ANA‐12, respectively. Additionally, ANA‐12 blocked salidroside‐dependent neurogenesis and increased BrdU−/NeuN+ cells in the peri‐infarct cortex. Salidroside directly activates HSC70, thereby stimulating neurogenesis and neuroprotection via BDNF/TrkB signalling after MCAO. Salidroside and similar activators of HSC70 might provide clinical therapies for ischemic stroke.
Erucin, a natural isothiocyanate, exerts pro‐angiogenic properties in cultured endothelial cells and reverts angiogenic impairment induced by high glucose
Authors: Genah Shirley , Ciccone Valerio , Filippelli Arianna , Simonis Vittoria , Martelli Alma , Piragine Eugenia , Pagnotta Eleonora , Pecchioni Nicola , Calderone Vincenzo , Morbidelli Lucia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInsufficient vessel maintenance adversely impacts patients in terms of tissue reperfusion following stroke or myocardial infarction, as well as during wound healing. Angiogenesis impairment is a feature typical of metabolic disorders acting at the cardiovascular level, such as diabetes. Therapeutic angiogenesis regulation offers promising clinical implications, and natural compounds as pro‐angiogenic nutraceuticals hold valuable applications in regenerative medicine. By using cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical veins (HUVEC) we studied functional and molecular responses following exposure to erucin, a natural isothiocyanate derived from Brassicaceae plants and extracted from the seeds of rocket. Erucin (at nanomolar concentrations) promotes cell migration and tube formation, similar to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), through mobilizing paxillin at endothelial edges. At the molecular level, erucin induces signaling pathways typical of angiogenesis activation, namely Ras, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2, leading to VEGF expression and triggering its autocrine production, as pharmacological inhibition of soluble VEGF and VEGFR2 dampens endothelial functions. Furthermore, erucin, alone and together with VEGF, preserves endothelial angiogenic functions under pathological conditions, such as those induced in HUVEC by high glucose (HG) exposure. Erucin emerges as a compelling candidate for therapeutic revascularization applications, showcasing promising prospects for natural compounds in regenerative medicine, particularly in addressing angiogenesis‐related disorders.
Weight distribution of random linear codes and Krawtchouk polynomials
Authors: Samorodnitsky Alex 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFor and pick uniformly at random vectors in and let be the orthogonal complement of their span. Given with , let be the random variable that counts the number of words in of Hamming weight (where is assumed to be an even integer). Linial and Mosheiff [Random Struct. Algorithms. 62 (2023), 68Ű‐130] determined the asymptotics of the moments of of all orders . In this paper we extend their estimates up to moments of linear order. Our key observation is that the behavior of the suitably normalized moment of is essentially determined by the norm of the Krawtchouk polynomial .
MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Precursor Lesions
Authors: Hossain Akbor , Tom Lisa N. , Melati-Rad Ala , Yamada Miko , Hammerlindl Sabrina , Jagirdar Kasturee , Prow Tarl W. , Soyer H. Peter , Stark Mitchell S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Actinic keratoses (AK) are pre-malignant skin lesions caused by chronic sun exposure. Progression from an AK to intraepidermal carcinoma (IEC) and a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is well known but the rate of transformation to an invasive SCC is highly variable. Since no definitive biomarkers are available, treatment decisions are made ad hoc.

Objectives
To fully characterise our AK to SCC progression series, we performed microRNA (miRNA) microarray expression profiling of normal and photodamaged skin, as well as AKs, IEC, and invasive SCCs.

Methods
The study recruited 27 patients who donated fresh biopsies of normal skin, photodamaged skin, AK, IEC, and SCC (n = 67 specimens). All miRbase (v.21) miRNAs were profiled to identify miRNAs related to SCC progression. miRNAs were validated using qRT-PCR and in vitro phenotypic assays.

Results
There were 234 robustly expressed miRNAs across the tissue collection, which resulted in 20 miRNA that were differentially expressed ((cor)p ≤ 0.05 and ≥ 10 fold) between normal skin and SCC. Hierarchical clustering all samples illustrated that AKs, IEC, and SCCs were largely indistinguishable, which confirms the premalignant status of an AK. A panel of miRNAs showed significant dysregulation between normal and photodamaged skin and AK. Importantly, we found miR-34a-5p and miR-31-5p had significant differential expression between AKs and IEC and IEC and SCC respectively. Phenotypic assays determined that the miR-31 duplex had opposing effects on SCC cell lines which suggests that dysregulation of this duplex may be related to the dynamic control of progression of transformed keratinocytes.

Conclusions
This study confirmed the continuum of AK with IEC and SCC highlighting that miRNA expression plays a role in keratinocyte transformation. Development of our putative miRNA biomarker candidates is warranted to aid in clinical management of patients experiencing high AK load to determine the most appropriate treatment.
Lichen Sclerosus of the Eyelid Involving the Eyelash Margin
Authors: Ho Tiffany , Ortiz Urda Susana , Berry Ryan S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Lichen sclerosus is a debilitating and chronic disease that typically affects the anogenital area, although it can also be found on extragenital locations such as the shoulders, neck, trunk, breasts, and arms. Facial involvement is rare, but there have been a few reported cases of extragenital lichen sclerosus affecting the infraorbital area. To our knowledge, there are 7 documented cases of extragenital lichen sclerosus affecting the eyelid in medical literature. This is a novel case and documented report of a patient with extragenital lichen sclerosus located on the eyelid with eyelash margin involvement.
Novel Thiazolidine‐2,4‐Dione Derivatives as Potential VEGFR‐2 Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Testing, and in Silico Studies
Authors: Eissa Ibrahim , Elkady Hazem , Taghour Mohammed S. , Elwan Alaa , Dahab Mohammed A. , Hagras Mohamed , Elkaeed Eslam B. , Alsfouk Bshra A. , Ibrahim Ibrahim M. , Husein Dalal Z. , Hafez Elsayed E. , Mansour Hanem M. , Metwaly Ahmed , Mahdy Hazem A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work novel 2,4‐dioxothiazolidine‐derived compounds targeting VEGFR‐2 were designed and synthesized. Such compounds were evaluated for their anti‐proliferative and VEGFR‐2 inhibitory abilities. Compound 17 specifically demonstrated the strongest anti‐proliferative activity against the HCT‐116 cell line, with an IC50 value of 10.09 μM. Additionally, compounds 15, 18, and 19 revealed good anti‐proliferative effects with IC50 values of 12.46, 16.87, and 12.35 μM, respectively. Compound 17 demonstrated potent anti‐VEGFR‐2 efficacy, with an IC50 value of 0.068 μM, which was comparable to sorafenib (IC50 value of 0.058 μM). Compound 17 induced apoptosis in HCT‐116 cancer cells and caused G0‐G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, it upregulated BAX levels (5.1‐fold) and downregulated Bcl‐2 levels (4.2‐fold), indicating its pro‐apoptotic effects. Compound 17 also increased caspase‐8 and caspase‐9 levels by 3.3‐fold and 4.7‐fold, respectively, compared to the control. The computational studies provided insights into the kinetic, structural properties, and binding mode of the VEGFR‐2‐17 complex. The DFT calculations elucidated compound 17′s structural and electronic properties, while computational ADMET and toxicity tests suggested acceptable degrees of drug‐likeness potential for the synthesized compounds. Our findings suggest that compound 17 holds promise as a potent apoptotic VEGFR‐2 inhibitor and may guide future efforts in developing new anticancer drugs.
NIR Light‐Fuse Drug‐Free Photothermal Armor‐Piercing Microcapsule for Femoral Vein Thrombosis Therapy
Authors: Yang Ning , Qian Zhicheng , Yuan Renqiang , Li Weikun , Tan Xin , Liu Zonghao , Zhang Qianli , Ge Liqin , Liu Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAcute thrombosis and its complications are leading global causes of disability and death. Existing thrombolytic drugs, such as alteplase and urokinase (UK), carry a significant bleeding risk during clinical treatments. Thus, the development of a novel thrombolysis strategy is of utmost urgency. Based on the previous work, the hollow structure of microcapsules (MC) is fabricated. Subsequently, armor‐piercing MC, known as Fucoidan/S‐Nitrosoglutathione/Melanin@MC (FGM@MC) is obtained, using a layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly method. Utilizing near‐infrared (NIR) light as a trigger, the FGM@MC demonstrated photothermal thrombolysis at the site of thrombus due to its stable and outstanding photothermal properties. Simultaneously, photothermal stimulation leads to the release of a significant amount of nitric oxide from the FGM@MC, resulting in cavitation effects for mechanical thrombolysis. In vivo experiments confirmed the stable release of nitric oxide under NIR light irradiation. Treatment of femoral vein thrombosis in rats revealed that the thrombolytic effectiveness of FGM@MC+NIR (53.71%) is comparable to that of UK (59.70%). Notably, FGM@MC does not interfere with the coagulation function of rats and exhibits a favorable safety profile. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the drug‐free armor‐piercing microcapsule has significant potential in the treatment of thrombosis, offering a safe and effective alternative to traditional thrombolytic therapies.
Enabling Rapid and Stable Sodium Storage via a P2‐Type Layered Cathode with High‐Voltage Zero‐Phase Transition Behavior
Authors: Zou Li , Zhong Jiang , Wei Qiliang , Lin Yong , Zhou Yijie , Fu Yanqing , Yu Ruizhi , Gao Ping , Shu Hongbo , Liu Li , Yang Weiyou , Yang Xiukang , Wang Xianyou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrently, a major target in the development of Na‐ion batteries is the concurrent attainment of high‐rate capacity and long cycling stability. Herein, an advanced Na‐ion battery with high‐rate capability and long cycle stability based on Li/Ti co‐doped P2‐type Na0.67Mn0.67Ni0.33O2, a host material with high‐voltage zero‐phase transition behavior and fast Na+ migration/conductivity during dynamic de‐embedding process, is constructed. Experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the two‐element doping strategy promotes a mutually reinforcing effect, which greatly facilitates the transfer capability of Na+. The cation Ti4+ doping is a dominant high voltage, significantly elevating the operation voltage to 4.4 V. Meanwhile, doping Li+ shows the function in charge transfer, improving the rate performance and prolonging cycling lifespan. Consequently, the designed P2‐Na0.75Mn0.54Ni0.27Li0.14Ti0.05O2 cathode material exhibits discharge capacities of 129, 104, and 85 mAh g−1 under high voltage of 4.4 V at 1, 10, and 20 C, respectively. More importantly, the full‐cell delivers a high initial capacity of 198 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C (17.3 mA g−1) and a capacity retention of 73% at 5 C (865 mA g−1) after 1000 cycles, which is seldom witnessed in previous reports, emphasizing their potential applications in advanced energy storage.
What is the Limit Size of 2D Conjugated Extension on Central Units of Small Molecular Acceptors in Organic Solar Cells?
Authors: Bi Xingqi , Cao Xiangjian , He Tengfei , Liang Huazhe , Yao Zhaoyang , Yang Jinyi , Guo Yaxiao , Long Guankui , Kan Bin , Li Chenxi , Wan Xiangjian , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract2D conjugated extension on central units of small molecular acceptors (SMAs) has gained great successes in reaching the state‐of‐the‐art organic photovoltaics. Whereas the limit size of 2D central planes and their dominant role in constructing 3D intermolecular packing networks are still elusive. Thus, by exploring a series of SMAs with gradually enlarged central planes, it is demonstrated that, at both single molecular and aggerated levels, there is an unexpected blue‐shift for their film absorption but preferable reorganization energies, exciton lifetimes and binding energies with central planes enlarging, especially when comparing to their Y6 counterpart. More importantly, the significance of well‐balanced molecular packing modes involving both central and end units is first disclosed through a systematic single crystal analysis, indicating that when the ratio of central planes area/end terminals area is no more than 3 likely provides a preferred 3D intermolecular packing network of SMAs. By exploring the limit size of 2D central planes, This work indicates that the structural profiles of ideal SMAs may require suitable central unit size together with proper heteroatom replacement instead of directly overextending 2D central planes to the maximum. These results will likely provide some guidelines for future better molecular design.
Smart molecules in ophthalmology: Hydrogels as responsive systems for ophthalmic applications
Authors: Kulbay Merve , Wu Kevin Y. , Truong Doanh , Tran Simon D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive review delves into a unique intersection of hydrogels as smart molecules and their transformative applications in ophthalmology. Beginning with the foundational definition, properties, and classification of hydrogels, the review explores their synthesis and responsive capabilities. Specific applications examined encompass topical drug delivery, contact lenses, intravitreal drug delivery, ocular adhesives, vitreous substitutes, and cell‐based therapy. A methodical analysis, including an overview of relevant ocular structures and a comparative evaluation of hydrogel‐based solutions against traditional treatments, is conducted. Additionally, potential constraints, translation challenges, knowledge gaps, and research areas are identified. Our methodical approach, guided by an extensive literature review from 2017 to 2023, illuminates the unprecedented opportunities offered by hydrogels, along with pinpointing areas for further inquiry to facilitate their transition into clinical practice.
Second‐Order Topological Insulator in Ferromagnetic Monolayer and Antiferromagnetic Bilayer CrSBr
Authors: Guo Zhenzhou , Jiang Haoqian , Jin Lei , Zhang Xiaoming , Liu Guodong , Liu Ying , Wang Xiaotian 
Published: March 2024

Second‐order topological insulators (SOTIs) in 2D materials have attracted significant research interest. Recent theoretical predictions suggest that SOTIs can be achievable in 2D magnetic systems, especially within ferromagnetic (FM) materials. Yet, the quest for suitable 2D antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials capable of hosting magnetic SOTIs remains a challenge. Herein, utilizing first‐principles calculations and theoretical analysis, 2D CrSBr is proposed, including monolayer and bilayer forms, as a promising candidate for a magnetic high‐order topological insulator. The monolayer exhibits a FM ground state and features quantized fractional corner charge in its spin‐up channel in the absence of spin–orbital coupling (SOC), yielding fully spin‐polarized corner states. Intriguingly, the bilayer form adopts an AFM ground state while retaining the SOTI properties, with quantized corner charge in both spin channels. Remarkably, the SOTI properties in both monolayer and bilayer structures remain robust against the influence of SOC and symmetry‐breaking perturbations. The work not only identifies a tangible material for realizing 2D magnetic SOTIs, encompassing both FM and AFM phases, but also offers a path to explore the distinctive characteristics of SOTIs merged with magnetism.
Boosting Thermoelectric Performance via Weakening Carrier‐Phonon Coupling in BiCuSeO‐Graphene Composites
Authors: Zhou Zhifang , Guo Jinming , Zheng Yunpeng , Yang Yueyang , Yang Bin , Li Dengfeng , Zhang Wenyu , Wei Bin , Liu Chang , Lan Jin‐Le , Nan Ce‐Wen , Lin Yuan‐Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiCuSeO is a promising oxygen‐containing thermoelectric material due to its intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity and excellent service stability. However, the low electrical conductivity limits its thermoelectric performance. Aliovalent element doping can significantly improve their carrier concentration, but it may also impact carrier mobility and thermal transport properties. Considering the influence of graphene on carrier‐phonon decoupling, Bi0.88Pb0.06Ca0.06CuSeO (BPCCSO)‐graphene composites are designed. For further practical application, a rapid preparation method is employed, taking less than 1 h, which combines self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis with spark plasma sintering. The incorporation of graphene simultaneously optimizes the electrical properties and thermal conductivity, yielding a high ratio of weighted mobility to lattice thermal conductivity (144 at 300 K and 95 at 923 K). Ultimately, BPCCSO‐graphene composites achieve exceptional thermoelectric performance with a ZT value of 1.6 at 923 K, bringing a ≈40% improvement over BPCCSO without graphene. This work further promotes the practical application of BiCuSeO‐based materials and this facile and effective strategy can also be extended to other thermoelectric systems.
Navigating trust: The clash of clan culture and conventional management
Authors: Behrens Alfredo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHow does a mismatch between management and cultural norms lead to decreased engagement and productivity? Within both Germanic and Mediterranean cultural spheres, trust dynamics mirror deeply ingrained kinship patterns, which evolve slowly over time. The inclination to trust within one's own kin group is notably stronger among Mediterranean populations compared to their Germanic counterparts. Even as these populations migrated to regions such as Latin America and the United States, the distinct trust patterns persist. Germanic managerial methodologies rely heavily on trust‐based behaviors inherent to Germanic cultures, which may not find resonance within the Mediterranean cultural context. Consequently, such managerial approaches often prove less effective within Mediterranean clusters. In contrast, management practices that prioritize kinship dynamics, commonly seen among Mediterranean peoples, foster an environment of trust, teamwork, and a sense of collective responsibility. This approach necessitates fewer bureaucratic controls and cultivates heightened levels of engagement and performance in the workplace. These assertions draw from a synthesis of historical accounts, business literature, anthropological studies, as well as empirical evidence from sources such as the World Values Survey Wave 6 data and field research conducted over a 2‐year period within a Brazilian samba school setting.
TFEB ameliorates DEHP‐induced neurotoxicity by activating GAL3/TRIM16 axis dependent lysophagy and alleviating lysosomal dysfunction
Authors: Xing Hengrui , Xu Panpan , Ma Yue , Li Tingting , Zhang Yue , Ding Xueman , Liu Li , Keerman Mulatibieke , Niu Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDi‐(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a commonly used plasticizer with known neurotoxic effects. However, the specific mechanism underlying this neurotoxicity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of lysosomal function and lysophagy in DEHP‐induced neurotoxicity, with a particular focus on the regulatory role of Transcription factor EB (TFEB). To achieve this, we utilized in vitro models of DEHP‐exposed SH‐SY5Y cells and HT22 cells. Our findings revealed that DEHP exposure led to lysosomal damage and dysfunction. Moreover, we observed impaired autophagic degradation, characterized by elevated levels of LC3II and p62. DEHP treatment downregulated the expression of TFEB, GAL3, and TRIM16, while upregulating the expression of PARP. This led to the inhibition of GAL3/TRIM16 axis dependent lysophagy and ultimately excessive apoptosis in neuronal cells. Importantly, TFEB overexpression alleviated lysosomal dysfunction, activated lysophagy, and mitigated DEHP‐induced apoptosis. Overall, our results suggest that DEHP induces not only lysosomal dysfunction, but also inhibits lysophagy through the suppression of GAL3/TRIM16 axis. Consequently, impaired clearance of damaged lysosomes occurs, culminating in neuronal apoptosis. Taken together, our findings highlight the critical role of TFEB in regulating lysophagy and lysosomal function. Furthermore, TFEB may serve as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating DEHP‐induced neuronal toxicity.