bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Position‐based fluid simulation for robotic injection sealing of pavement cracks
Authors: Schaefer Samuel D. , Xu Jie , Palin Damian , Al‐Tabbaa Abir , Iida Fumiya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutomated crack sealing could significantly benefit the maintenance of road pavements, but there is difficulty in depositing the correct volume of sealant material into the hidden crack space. A simulated model of the material flow within a crack space would allow the development of a predictive control scheme, such that the repair robot can apply suitable trajectories and operational parameters to accomplish neatly sealed surfaces. For the first time, the position‐based fluid (PBF) method, a computationally cheap and fast but approximate model of fluid flows, is studied for its feasibility for sealant flow simulation in the robotic injection crack sealing scenario. A Real‐to‐Sim experiment is performed, in which a PBF simulation of sealant in a virtual robotic crack sealing environment is mirrored from the physical lab setup. The fluid simulation is tuned to match the real‐world dynamics through comparison with 132 simulation runs, varying the artificial viscosity parameters (fluid–fluid viscous interaction) and (fluid–wall viscous interaction). It was found that had a varied three‐stage influence on the simulation error while 's negative influence on the simulation error only effectively applied to fluids satisfying . Through comparing the physical and virtual crack sealing results, the simulation was validated with an average fluid level error of 1.26 mm along a 3.1 mm wide, 16 mm deep and 80 mm long artificial crack, which shows the usefulness of the PBF method for robotic injection sealing. The accuracy and computational requirements of the PBF method are also discussed.
Intercropping prairie cordgrass with kura clover had little effect on soil biogeochemistry
Authors: Varikuti Vaishnavi , Bansal Sangeeta , Xu Suite , Mahal Navreet K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntercropping kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum) (KC) with prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata) (PCG) has great potential for biofuel feedstock on marginal lands. This study evaluated the impacts of 10‐year PCG‐KC intercropping and PCG monoculture fertilized with different nitrogen (N) rates of granular urea (five treatments: PCG‐KC, PCG‐0N, PCG‐75N, PCG‐150N, and PCG‐225N) on soil biogeochemical properties: (i) in the surface soil (0‐ to 10‐cm depth) at three different sampling times during the crop growing season: spring (April, pre‐emergence), summer (June, active growth), and fall (November, post‐harvest); and (ii) at different soil depths (0–5, 5–15, 15–30, 30–45, and 45–60 cm) (only total carbon (C) and N) in fall 2021. All soil biogeochemical parameters were higher during summer as compared to spring and/or fall, except urease activity, ammonium‐N, microbial biomass C and N, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA). On average over the sampling times, PCG‐KC had significantly higher β‐glucosidase activity and hot‐water extractable organic N than PCG‐0N; but no significant difference between PCG‐KC and N‐fertilized PCG. Cold‐water extractable organic N was significantly lower than the highest N rate, but not significantly different from PCG‐0N and lower N rate treatments. Urease activity under PCG‐KC treatment was double that of PCG‐0N and PCG‐75N; FDA was higher in PCG‐KC than all monocultures. No treatment effect was found on soil total C and N, except that they decreased with depth. Overall, intercropping PCG‐KC showed some benefits in terms of promoting soil biogeochemical properties during crop growth periods, having lower residual reactive N in the soil, and maintaining biomass yield and quality on marginal lands.
Note on the unparallel vertical distribution of nitrate and sulfate in Mollisols
Authors: Russi Daniela , Gutierrez Boem Flavio H. , Rubio Gerardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil fertility diagnosis often omits subsoil measurements, impacting precision. Our objective was to compare the vertical distribution of nitrate and sulfate in agricultural Mollisols. Both anions were measured in 34 Mollisols of the Pampean region (Argentina) sampled to 160‐cm depth at 20 cm intervals. Nitrate exhibited a continuous downward trajectory, with maximum values at 0–20 cm (12.7 mg N kg−1) and minimum values at 140–160 cm (3.3 mg N kg−1). Sulfate displayed a sinuous pattern, with a minimum at 60–80 cm (3 mg S kg−1). The 60–160/0–160 cm concentration ratio was 42% for nitrate and 60% for sulfate, indicating greater topsoil stratification for nitrate. Predicting deep‐layer nitrate concentrations from topsoil data was more accurate than for sulfate. This poses a challenge for assessing soil S bioavailability, as subsoil sulfates go undetected in conventional sampling.
Magnetic, Electric, and Antimicrobial Properties of Chromium‐ Doped Cobalt Zinc Ferrite Nanoplates
Authors: Badiger Hanamanta , Hegde B. G. , Kumbar Suresh , Dodamani Suneel , Khatavi Santosh Y , Matteppanavar Shidaling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the present work, Co0.5Zn0.5CrxFe2‐xO4 (CZFCO) (x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) has been successfully driven from self‐ignited sol‐gel method, using citric acid as a chelating agent. The powder XRD patterns are confirming the formation of single‐phase cubic crystallographic structure with satisfying the Fd‐3m space group. The Rietveld refinement process is carried out to obtain the structural information, including lattice parameters, cell volume, and bond length. Crystallite size and micro‐strain values are found by the Debye Scherrer formula as well as by HR‐TEM the particle size is shown at about 7.86 nm and the presence of two distinct lattice fringes. The SEM digital images display soft wart grains nature, where the majority of grains are forming a dense agglomerate nature with nano plate texture. EDS spectra reflect the presence of all the elements without impurities. The formations of spinel ferrite and metal‐oxygen bond were approbated by FT‐IR Spectra. Further, RT UV‐Vis spectra (DRS) show a decrease in the optical band gap from 1.56 eV to 1.46 eV. The magnetic properties indicate soft ferromagnetic behaviour and as increasing Cr dopant saturation magnetization and coercivity significantly decrease while in the case of X=0.5 suddenly enhanced the Ms, this well corroborates with cation distribution. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technique has confirmed the presence of all elements and shows the valance of the Cr is +3 and +2 states at respected octahedral and tetrahedral sites. RT dielectric studies firmly agreed with the Maxwell‐Wagner type of polarization following Koop's theory. RT Impedance spectra suggest consent of the Debye type of relaxation and the Cole‐Cole map shows semi arc‐shaped curve fitted with Gaussian distribution. The imaginary and real parts of the relative permeability of frequency‐dependent curves decayed and firmly showed the favourable character of electric properties. Finally, all the antimicrobial activity results suggested the potential utility of derived compounds as antibacterial agents.
Controlling Nonlinear Optical Switch of Diarylethene by Changing Sizes of Fullerene: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Xiong Xiantao , Zhang Fengyi , Zhang Yongjun , Zhao Xiaoyu , Xu Hongliang , Zhang Kun , Wang Yaxin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFullerene is a material with good electrical conductivity and thermal stability, and its size is an important factor to influence its photoelectric property. In this work, effect of fullerene size (C20, C60, and C70) on nonlinear optical (NLO) switchable molecule diarylethene (DAE) was explored. In the aspect of molecular NLO properties, it could be found that the static first hyperpolarizability βtot of Cx‐O (x=20, 60, 70) was larger than that of Cx‐C (x=20, 60, 70), and the βtot difference between open‐ring and closed‐ring structure increased from 19 to 1431 au with the size of fullerene increased. Especially for C70‐DAE, its largest contrast of βtot values between open‐ring and closed‐ring structure suggested its superiority among three groups of NLO switchable complexes. The result could attribute to C70‐O exhibits a strong dipole characteristic, whereas C70‐C displays a weak dipole characteristic. By analyzing dynamic first hyperpolarizability, it could be found large NLO response mainly depended on molecular dipole characteristics. As a result, for C70‐DAE, βHRS of open‐ring structure was still larger than that of closed‐ring structure. However, the dynamic first hyperpolarizability βHRS of open‐ring structure was smaller than that of closed‐ring structure in both C20‐DAE and C60‐DAE. The switching efficiency was reversed.
Magnetic, Optical, Electrical and Antimicrobial Properties of MnCuZnFe2O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Surendra Babu B. , Bhonsle Ramakrishna Rao , H.V. Srikanth , Ramesh S. , Naidu K. Chandra Babu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Mn0.92Cu0.08‐yZnyFe2O4 (y=0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08) nanoparticles (MCZF NPs) were synthesized via the hydrothermal process at low operating temperature. The MCZF system generated a cubic spinel structure as seen by the X‐ray diffraction patterns. The average crystallite size was observed to be increasing from 25 to 30 nm. The broad (γ1) and narrow (γ2) absorption bands were seen in FTIR spectra and the cation distributions at tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites, respectively, was indicated. The surface morphology was analyzed using electron microscopy. Clarification was provided for the dependence of the optical bandgap shift (Eg~1.96–2.15 eV) on the concentration of substituent. The superparamagnetic nature of MCZF can be advantageous for biomedical applications and it was demonstrated by the magnetization versus applied magnetic field (M−H) loops. Small values of remanence magnetization (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) were found using magnetization versus magnetic field (M−H) curves at y=0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08. This proved that MCZF NPs exhibited the superparamagnetic behavior. The cation distribution at two sublattices was also estimated using a two‐sublattice model. The greatest zone of inhibition in an antibacterial study of MCZF (produced by the green method) was 10.8 mm for Pseudomonosa aeruginosa and 9.4 mm for Staphylococcus aureus.
Polycaprolactone Microsphere‐Encapsulated Fluconazole‐Loaded Zinc Oxide and Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Enhanced Biological Performance
Authors: Das Abinash , Ringu Togam , Ghosh Sampad , Pramanik Nabakumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOsteomyelitis (OM), a debilitating disease caused by a microbial infection of the bones, continues to pose a formidable obstacle for orthopedic surgeons. The conventional methods for the prevention and treatment of OM are insufficient. In this research work, we developed a strategic green nanostructure using the antifungal drug Fluconazole (FCZ)‐assimilated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanostructures as filler and hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) as matrix by a solution‐based chemical method. The ceramic carrier‐like nanostructures ZnO and HAp were synthesized by the in situ precipitation method. The physicochemical characterization of the prepared polymer‐coated drug ceramic nanocomposite (FCZ‐ZnO‐HAp‐PCL) was achieved using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), particle size distribution (PSD), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) analysis. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and anticancer activity of the nanocomposite were explored by an MTT assay study. Successfully synthesized FCZ‐ZnO‐HAp‐PCL nanocomposite exhibited profound antimicrobial activity against targeted microbe species and potential cytotoxicity towards MCF‐7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines, which may be potentially used for the treatment of OM and prospective infections.
One‐Pot Etching Pyrolysis to Defect‐Rich Carbon Nanosheets to Construct Multiheteroatom‐Coordinated Iron Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Peng Shichao , Ma Xilan , Tian Jiachen , Du Changliang , Yang Lifen , Meng Erchao , Zhu Youqi , Zou Meishuai , Cao Chuanbao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConstructing multiheteroatom coordination structure in carbonaceous substrates demonstrates an effective method to accelerate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of supported single‐atom catalyst. Herein, the novel etching route assisted by potassium thiocyanate (KCNS) is developed to convert metal‐organic framework to 2D defect‐rich porous N,S‐co‐doped carbon nanosheets for anchoring atomically dispersed iron sites as the high‐performance ORR catalysts (Fe‐SACs). The well‐designed KCNS‐assisted etching route can generate spatial confinement template to direct the carbon nanosheet formation, etching condition to form defect‐rich structure, and additional sulfur atoms to coordinate iron species. Spectral and microscopy analysis reveals that the iron element in Fe‐SACs is highly isolated on carbon nanosheet and anchored by nitrogen and sulfur atoms in unsymmetrical Fe‐S1N3 structure. The optimized Fe‐SACs with large specific surface area could show remarkable alkaline ORR performances with a high half‐wave potential of 0.920 V versus RHE and excellent durability. The rechargeable zinc–air battery assembled with Fe‐SACs air electrodes delivers a large power density of 350 mW cm−2 and a stable voltage platform during charge and discharge over more than 1300 h. This work proposes a novel strategy for the preparation of single‐atom catalysts with multiheteroatom coordination structure and highly exposed active sites for efficient ORR.
Vadose zone flushing of fertilizer tracked by isotopes of water and nitrate
Authors: Weitzman Julie N. , Brooks J. Renée , Compton Jana E. , Faulkner Barton R. , Peachey R. Edward , Rugh William D. , Coulombe Robert A. , Hatteberg Blake , Hutchins Stephen R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA substantial fraction of nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied in agricultural systems is not incorporated into crops and moves below the rooting zone as nitrate (NO3−). Understanding mechanisms for soil N retention below the rooting zone and leaching to groundwater is essential for our ability to track the fate of added N. We used dual stable isotopes of nitrate (δ15N–NO3− and δ18O–NO3−) and water (δ18O–H2O and δ2H–H2O) to understand the mechanisms driving nitrate leaching at three depths (0.8, 1.5, and 3.0 m) of an irrigated corn field sampled every 2 weeks from 2016 to 2020 in the southern Willamette Valley, Oregon, USA. Distinct periods of high nitrate concentrations with lower δ15N–NO3− values indicated that a portion of that nitrate was from recent fertilizer applications. We used a mixing model to quantify nitrate fluxes associated with recently added fertilizer N versus older, legacy soil N during these “fertilizer signal periods.” Nitrate leached below 3.0 m in these periods made up a larger proportion of the total N leached at that depth (∼52%) versus the two shallower depths (∼13%–16%), indicating preferential movement of recently applied fertilizer N through the deep soil into groundwater. Further, N associated with recent fertilizer additions leached more easily when compared to remobilized legacy N. A high volume of fall and winter precipitation may push residual fertilizer N to depth, potentially posing a larger threat to groundwater than legacy N. Optimizing fertilizer N additions could minimize fertilizer losses and reduce nitrate leaching to groundwater.
Polyphosphorus Compounds Derived from P4 Conversion with Sterically Demanding Cobalt Complexes
Authors: Dielmann Fabian , Elsayed Moussa Mehdi , Riesinger Christoph , Scheer Manfred 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe conversion of P4 with [CpBnCo(CO)2] (CpBn=C5(CH2C6H5)5) under thermal conditions gives almost exclusively the P10 complex [(CpBnCo)4(μ4‐η4:η4:η2:η2:η1:η1‐P10)]. However, its reaction with [CpBnCo]n, under mild conditions afforded a mixture of products including the P8 species [(CpBnCo)3(μ3‐η4:η2:η2:η1:η1‐P8)] and a rare Co3 cluster [(CpBnCo)2Co(μ3‐η5:η2:η1:η1‐C40H33)(μ‐H)(μ3‐H)]. The products were studied in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and, for some compounds in the solid state, by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
Transformative Commons and Education in Greece. Τhree Case Studies
Authors: Kioupkiolis Alexandros , Tselepi Νaya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter offers a summary account of three case studies conducted in Greece by the research team of Aristotle University, in 2021–2023, in the context of the Horizon 2020 research project SMOOTH. The studies considered practices of commoning in diverse educational settings from the perspective of their transformative effects and their contribution to the democratic empowerment of young students in the classroom and beyond. In two cases, in the private institutions of the School of Nature (kindergarten) and the Big Bang School (elementary school) in Thessaloniki, activities of educational commons were experimentally pursued by the researcher and the staff as part of the research project. At the other site, the informal Solidarity School Mesopotamia in Moschato, Athens, the case study combined observation of existing practices with limited intervention through focus groups and interviews. Despite their critical divergences, the studies corroborate our main research thesis: the enactment of educational commons, however limited and constrained, addresses inequalities and can instil radical democratic habits in young students. Beyond this broad finding, the three studies pivot around different aspects and dynamics of educational commoning, which this chapter sets out to highlight and critically discuss. The commons-based organization and the alter-political nature of the Solidarity School generate considerable transformative effects which are reflected markedly in the ambiance of teaching and learning. A culture of equal freedom, solidarity and civic engagement refashions the hegemonic habitus of consumerist individualism, passivity and submission to socio-political hierarchies. The two other studies at the School of Nature and the Big Bang School, in which the methodology of sociocracy proved to be a good practice fostering educational commons, further developed core insights of relevant research: the role of teachers as ‘companions’ promoted children’s autonomy, while collective decision-making with consent educated young people in peer governance, cultivating collective consciousness and building a sense of equal power.
Educational Commons in Art Museums
Authors: Nikonanou Niki , Kanellopoulos Panagiotis A. , Viseri Elena , Moraitopoulou Elina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter reports on four case studies that took place at four museums of the Metropolitan Organisation of Museums of Visual Arts (MOMus) in Thessaloniki, Greece, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Experimental Center for the Arts, the Museum of Photography and the Museum of Modern Art-Costakis Collection. Different groups of young people participated in case studies that sought to bring together educational commons and collaborative artistic experimentation, leading to the co-creation of artistic projects. The chapter focuses on how commoning processes might contribute to the transformation of the museum towards an open-source institution through the cultivation of commoning practices in museum education. We also highlight the value of delving into forms of creative artistic engagement that induce unlearning traditional roles and questioning hierarchical power distribution.
Collaboratively Setting Daily Step Goals with a Virtual Coach: Using Reinforcement Learning to Personalize Initial Proposals
Authors: Dierikx Martin , Albers Nele , Scheltinga Bouke L. , Brinkman Willem-Paul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGoal-setting is commonly used in behavior change applications for physical activity. However, for goals to be effective, they need to be tailored to a user’s situation (e.g., motivation, progress). One way to obtain such goals is a collaborative process in which a healthcare professional and client set a goal together, thus making use of the professional’s expertise and the client’s knowledge about their own situation. As healthcare professionals are not always available, we created a dialog with the virtual coach Steph to collaboratively set daily step goals. Since judgments in human decision-making processes are adjusted based on the starting point or anchor, the first step goal proposal Steph makes is likely to influence the user’s final goal and self-efficacy. Situational factors impacting physical activity (e.g., motivation, self-efficacy, available time) or how users process information (e.g., mood) may determine which initial proposals are most effective in getting users to reach their underlying previous activity-based recommended step goals. Using data from 117 people interacting with Steph for up to five days, we designed a reinforcement learning algorithm that considers users’ current and future situations when choosing an initial step goal proposal. Our simulations show that initial step goal proposals matter: choosing optimal ones based on this algorithm could make it more likely that people move to a situation with high motivation, high self-efficacy, and a favorable daily context. Then, they are more likely to achieve, but also to overachieve, their underlying recommended step goals. Our dataset is publicly available.
Technische Zusammenfassung
Authors: Tappeiner Ulrike , Erb Karl-Heinz , Jandl Robert , Anderl Michael , Baumgarten Andreas , Bohner Andreas , Borsky Stefan , Bruckman Viktor J. , Bruckner Martin , Díaz-Pinés Eugenio , Dobernig Karin , Dumke Hartmut , Eitzinger Josef , Fischer Tatjana , Formayer Herbert , Freudenschuss Alexandra , Gaube Veronika , Getzner Michael , Gingrich Simone , Glatzel Stephan , Gratzer Georg , Haas Willi , Jäger Jill , Kirchner Mathias , Kitzler Barbara , Koch Andreas , Kottusch Charlotte , Kraxner Florian , Lapin Katharina , Leitinger Georg , Lexer Manfred J. , Lindenthal Thomas , Loibl Wolfgang , Mehdi-Schulz Bano , Meyer Ina , Miloczki Julia , Obrovsky Michael , Penker Marianne , Sandén Taru , Scharler Markus , Schauberger Günther , Mag. Dr. MSc. Schaumberger Andreas , Schinko Thomas , Shinozaki Kyoko , Schirpke Uta , Schmid Carmen , Schneider Stefan , Schöner Wolfgang , Schüler Silvio , Sinabell Franz , Spiegel Heide , Stöglehner Gernot , Stumpp Christine , Sturmbauer Christian , Tasser Erich , Thaler Thomas , Theurl Michaela , Tötzer Tanja , Voigt Andreas , Weber Karin , Weber Gerlind , Weiss Peter , Wenzel Walter , Zessner Matthias , Zoboli Ottavia , Zollitsch Werner , Zuvela-Aloise Maja 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Technische Zusammenfassung des APCC-Sonderberichts ″Landnutzung und Klimawandel in Österreich″ umfasst die Kernbotschaften der Kapitel 1–9. In ihr sind die Hauptaussagen zu den sozioökonomischen und klimatischen Treibern der Landnutzungsänderungen, zu den Auswirkungen von Landnutzung und -bewirtschaftung auf den Klimawandel, zu Minderungs- und Anpassungsoptionen im Kontext nachhaltiger Entwicklungsziele sowie zu Synergien, Zielkonflikten und Umsetzungsbarrieren von Klimamaßnahmen enthalten.
The field of moduli of sets of points in $$\mathbb {P}^{2}$$
Authors: Bresciani Giulio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor every $$n\ge 6$$

n
≥
6

, we give an example of a finite subset of $$\mathbb {P}^{2}$$

P

2

of degree n which does not descend to any Brauer–Severi surface over the field of moduli. Conversely, for every $$n\le 5$$

n
≤
5

, we prove that a finite subset of degree n always descends to a 0-cycle on $$\mathbb {P}^{2}$$

P

2

over the field of moduli.