bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyto‐histological correlations inprimary, recurrent, and metastatic bone and soft tissue osteosarcoma. Institut Curie's experience
Authors: Klijanienko Jerzy , Caillaud Jean‐Michel , Orbach Daniel , Brisse Hervé , Lagacé Réal , Sastre‐Gareau Xavier 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTo determine diagnostic cytomorphologic features of osteosarcoma on fine‐needle aspiration materials, we reviewed the cytologic material and corresponding histologic slides of 126 tumors in 107 patients. Fifty‐five (43.6%) tumors were primary, 31 (24.6%) were recurrent, and 40 (31.8%) were metastatic. Review of original cytology reports revealed that 120 (95.3%) tumors were diagnosed as malignant. Six (4.7%) cases were reported as suspicious, false‐negative, or unsatisfactory samples.Our findings showed that osteoblastic roundish cells, spindle‐shaped cells, reactive giant cells, and osteoid were the most consistent features representative of osteosarcoma. Periosteal reactions, fractures with callous formation, giant cells of osteoclastic type in various conditions, chondrosarcoma with enchondral ossification are entities to consider in the differential diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:270–275. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytomorphological correlates of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung carcinoma
Authors: Brachtel Elena F. , Iafrate A. John , Mark Eugene J. , Deshpande Vikram 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe initial diagnosis of lung carcinoma is frequently made by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. Novel therapeutic strategies of this disease include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as gefitinib (Iressa®) or erlotinib (Tarceva®), which target the kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Somatic mutations of this region have been shown to predict a therapeutic response of lung carcinomas to TKI. EGFR mutations have been described in adenocarcinomas of the lung, especially the bronchioloalveolar subtype, which has both cytopathologic and histopathologic definitions. This study investigates whether tumors with EGFR mutations display a characteristic phenotype on fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. We identified 37 fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of lung masses on which molecular analysis for EGFR mutations was available. Molecular analysis was performed on DNA isolated from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded, or frozen tissue from the corresponding core biopsies/cell blocks or resection specimens followed by PCR with primers for the tyrosine kinase region exons 18–24 and nucleotide sequence analysis by gel electrophoresis. Two observers who were blinded to the mutational data assessed several cytomorphological parameters. A semiquantitative analysis included predominant tissue pattern (flat or overlapping), nuclear features (nucleoli, intranuclear inclusions, grooves), cytoplasmic qualities, and extracellular material. All cases were adenocarcinomas primary in the lung. Thirteen cases showed EGFR mutations in exons 18, 19, 20, or 21 of the tyrosine kinase domain. The 24 cases negative for the relevant mutation served as the control group. Tumors with EGFR mutations were statistically more likely to demonstrate a predominantly flat, monolayer architecture (P = 0.04) with nuclear inclusions (P = 0.014) and the absence of macronucleoli (P = 0.001). The predominance of flat monolayers in conjunction with the absence of extracellular mucin and macronucleoli indicated the presence of EGFR mutations with a positive predictive value of 69% and a negative predictive value of 92%. All four cases with extracellular mucin were negative for the examined mutations. Some of the traditional cytomorphological features of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, i.e., flat monolayers, intranuclear inclusions, and the absence of macronucleoli, statistically correlated with the presence of mutations within the tyrosine kinase region of EGFR. Cytomorphological features could serve as an adjunctive predictive marker of response to TKIs and possibly to other new therapies in development. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:257–262. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A metastatic renal carcinoid tumor presenting as breast mass: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Hasteh Farnaz , Pu Robert , Michael Claire W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe present clinicopathological and cytological findings of a well‐defined breast mass in a patient with history of primary renal carcinoid tumor. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology showed monotonous tumor cells with plasmacytoid appearance arranged singly and in small clusters. Occasional tumor cells were arranged in acinar architecture resembling glandular differentiation. Tumor cells showed fine speckled chromatin. The unusual location for metastasis of this rare type of carcinoid tumor and overlapping cytological features with primary mammary carcinoma led to an erroneous preliminary cytological diagnosis of primary breast carcinoma with plasmacytoid features. Tumor cells in the corresponding cell block showed strong diffuse positivity for synapthophysin and pan‐cytokeratin with weak focal positivity for chromogranin markers. These patterns of immunostaining were similar to the original renal carcinoid tumor. To the best of our knowledge, a few cases of carcinoid tumor metastatic to the breast have been reported in the literature and more than half of these cases were initially misdiagnosed as primary breast carcinoma causing unnecessary surgical treatment. This is a first reported case of metastatic renal carcinoid tumor into breast diagnosed with FNA biopsy. This report highlights the cytological features of well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid tumor) and its potential diagnostic pitfalls. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:306–310. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coupling cellular oscillators: A mechanism that maintains synchrony against developmental noise in the segmentation clock
Authors: Ishimatsu Kana , Horikawa Kazuki , Takeda Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA unique feature of vertebrate segmentation is its strict periodicity, which is governed by the segmentation clock consisting of numerous cellular oscillators. These cellular oscillators, driven by a negative‐feedback loop of Hairy transcription factor, are linked through Notch‐dependent intercellular coupling and display the synchronous expression of clock genes. Combining our transplantation experiments in zebrafish with mathematical simulations, we review how the cellular oscillators maintain synchrony and form a robust system that is resistant to the effects of developmental noise such as stochastic gene expression and active cell proliferation. The accumulated evidence indicates that the segmentation clock behaves as a “coupled oscillators,” a mechanism that also underlies the synchronous flashing seen in fireflies. Developmental Dynamics 236:1416–1421, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characteristics and key findings for ‘Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants’
Authors: van Dalen Elvira , Kremer Leontien 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThese are the characteristics and key findings for a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ohlsson A, Aher SM. Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004863. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004863.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary and Commentary articles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tips and tricks for understanding and using SR results. No 5: Prospective Trial Registers
Authors: Hooft Lotty , Offringa Martin , Chan An‐Wen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis fifth article for ‘Tips and tricks for understanding and using SR results’ in Evidence‐Based Child Health is, like the previous ones, aimed at helping readers to interpret the results of systematic reviews and to use the results in clinical practice. This time, we focus on the development of (inter)national prospective trial registers and their relevance for systematic reviews. The information in this article is based on published papers on the topic and the experience of the authors in trial registration. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of ‘Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates’
Authors: Milne Andrea 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Shah PS, Aliwalas LL, Shah V. Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004950. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004950.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables articles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Commentary on reviews of erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Authors: Bassler Dirk , Poets Christian F. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThis is a commentary on three Cochrane reviews, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ohlsson A, Aher SM. Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004863. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004863.pub2; Aher S, Ohlsson A. Late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004868. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004868.pub2; and Aher SM, Ohlsson A. Early versus late erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD004865. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004865.pub2.Further information for these Cochrane reviews (early, late, and early vs late) is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying EBCH Summary (early, late, and early vs late) and Characteristics and Key Findings Tables (early, late, and early vs late) articles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Allelic imbalances and microdeletions affecting the PTPRD gene in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas detected using single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis
Authors: Purdie Karin J. , Lambert Sally R. , Teh Muy‐Teck , Chaplin Tracy , Molloy Gael , Raghavan Manoj , Kelsell David P. , Leigh Irene M. , Harwood Catherine A. , Proby Charlotte M. , Young Bryan D. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are the second most commonly diagnosed cancers in fair‐skinned people; yet the genetic mechanisms involved in SCC tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. We have used single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analysis to examine genome‐wide allelic imbalance in 16 primary and 2 lymph node metastatic SCC using paired non‐tumour samples to counteract normal copy number variation. The most common genetic change was loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 9p, observed in 13 of 16 primary SCC. Other recurrent events included LOH on 3p (9 tumors), 2q, 8p, and 13 (each in 8 SCC) and allelic gain on 3q and 8q (each in 6 tumors). Copy number‐neutral LOH was observed in a proportion of samples, implying that somatic recombination had led to acquired uniparental disomy, an event not previously demonstrated in SCC. As well as recurrent patterns of gross chromosomal changes, SNP microarray analysis revealed, in 2 primary SCC, a homozygous microdeletion on 9p23 within the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D (PTPRD) locus, an emerging frequent target of homozygous deletion in lung cancer and neuroblastoma. A third sample was heterozygously deleted within this locus and PTPRD expression was aberrant. Two of the 3 primary SCC with PTPRD deletion had demonstrated metastatic potential. Our data identify PTPRD as a candidate tumor suppressor gene in cutaneous SCC with a possible association with metastasis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical study of the reaction mechanism and solvent effect on the regioselectivity of 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction between azide and acetylene derivatives
Authors: Li Xi‐Bo , Song Qin‐Hua 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe reaction mechanism and solvent‐dependant regioselectivity of 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions between azide and acetylene derivatives have been studied using computational methods. The two possible reaction transition states were located. Geometry and NBO analysis found that the reactions take place along a synchronous and concerted mechanism for TS1 and an asynchronous and less concerted mechanism for TS2. SCRF analysis found that TS2 is more sensitive to the polarity of solvent. In less polar solvent such as CCl4, the difference of activation barriers of the two transition states is small. However, when the reactions were conducted in water, the activation barriers for TS2 increase which leads to the observed regioselectivity. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:203–207, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20236
Synthesis and anti‐HIV activity of new chiral 1,2,4‐triazoles and 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles
Authors: Akhtar Tashfeen , Hameed Shahid , Al‐Masoudi Najim A. , Khan Khalid M. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract5‐substituted 4‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐thiones 3 and 2‐substituted 5‐(4‐chlorophenylamino)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles 4 were prepared from the intermediate thiosemicarbazides 2 under basic and acidic conditions, respectively. The thiosemicarbazides, in turn, were prepared by the reaction of hydrazides 1 with 4‐chlorophenylisothiocyanate in MeOH. Some of the new synthesized compounds were assayed against HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 in MT‐4 cells. All the compounds were inactive except 3f, which showed an EC50 value of 23.9 μg/mL and 9.9 μg/mL against HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 with a therapeutic index of 3 and 7, respectively. It means that compound 3f was cytotoxic to MT‐4 cells at CC50 of 72.7 μg/mL in both strains. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:316–322, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20282
Synthesis of α‐fluoro‐β‐trifluoromethyl alka‐2,4‐dienes
Authors: Shen Yanchang , Wang Guoping 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe palladium/copper(I) iodide cocatalyzed coupling reaction of (Z)‐α‐fluoro‐β‐trifluoromethylstannanes (1) with vinyl iodides (2) has been explored giving substituted α‐fluoro‐β‐trifluoromethyl dienes (3) in 33–95% yields. In studies we have conducted so far, a larger number of the configurations of the products remained unchanged (cases 3a, 3e–h), though in several cases (cases 3b–d) two configurations of the products were obtained. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:208–211, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20284
One‐pot synthesis of novel 2′‐deoxyuridine derivatives containing α‐aminophosphonate moieties
Authors: Shang Zhi‐Qiang , Chen Ru‐Yu , Huang You 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA series of α‐aminophosphonate derivatives of 2′‐deoxyuridine (8a–k) have been prepared from 5′‐O‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyl‐3′‐amino‐2′, 3′‐dideoxyuridine in good yields. The structures of all the products were confirmed by 1H NMR, 31P NMR, 31C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry and elemental analyses. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:230–235, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20288
A convenient synthesis of thiamacrocyclic dilactams
Authors: Abbas Ashraf A. , Girgis Adel S. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA convenient synthesis of 26‐ to 28‐membered thiamacrocyclic dilactams 8 was achieved via base‐catalyzed condensation reaction of bis‐2‐cyanoacetamides 4 with dialdehyde derivatives 7. The reaction was assumed to be geometrically stereoselective, affording E, E′‐configuration as the only isolable isomer. N, N′‐[Alkanediylbis(thia‐2,1‐phenylene)]bis[2‐cyanoacetamides] 4 were obtained by the reaction of cyanoacetic acid with the corresponding diamine hydrochlorides 3. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:249–254, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20292
Fatty acid hydrazides in heterocyclic synthesis: Synthesis of 1,2‐diazepine and pyridazine derivatives
Authors: Zaki Magdi E. A. , Yousef Elham A. A. , Hassanien Abu Zeid A. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract1,2‐Diazepinone derivatives 6a–d, 8a,b, and 10a–c were synthesized from the reaction of olefines carrying EWG as ethoxymethylene malononitrile, ethoxymethylene cyanoacetate, and tetracyanoethylene with 1a–f respectively. Also, 5‐alkyl‐6‐oxotetrahydropyridazine‐4,4‐dicarboxylate derivatives 12a–c were afforded via the reaction of 1d–f with diethyl ethoxymethylene malonate. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:259–264, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20294
Synthesis and interconversion of isomeric pyrrolotriazolopyrimidines
Authors: Desai Nirmal D. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract4‐Hydrazino‐7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 4 were cyclocondensed with formic acid or triethyl orthoformate to give 7H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐c]pyrimidines 6 and 7H‐pyrrolo[3,2‐e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐c]pyrimidines 7, respectively. The [4,3‐c] isomers 7 were rearranged into thermodynamically more stable [1,5‐c] isomers 6. The identical compounds 6 were prepared using another route by reacting 3‐amino‐4‐imino‐7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 3 with formic acid or triethyl orthoformate. The reaction of 2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyrroles 1 with triethyl orthoformate gave N‐ethoxymethylene‐2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyrroles 2. Further reaction with an equivalent of hydrazine hydrate provided 3‐amino‐4‐imino‐7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 3, whereas treatment with excess of hydrazine hydrate, 3 rearranged to 4‐hydrazino‐7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 4. Compounds 4 were also obtained by the treatment of N‐ethoxymethylene‐2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyrroles 2 in excess of hydrazine hydrate. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:265–273, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20295
Synthesis and antiviral screening of some novel pyridazine and triazolopyridazine nucleosides
Authors: Rashad Aymn E. , Shamroukh Ahmed H. , Ali Mohamed A. , Abdel‐Motti Faiza M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractSome novel cyclic and acyclic pyridazine and triazolopyridazine nucleoside derivatives were prepared. Some of the prepared products were selected and tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type‐1 (HSV‐1) and hepatitis‐A virus (HAV, MBB‐cell culture adapted strain). Plaque reduction infectivity assay was used to determine virus count reduction as a result of treatment with test compounds. Compound 15 showed the highest effect on the HAV than the other tested compounds. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:274–282, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20296
A theoretical study on C2HXSi silylenes (X = H, CN, NH2, and OMe)
Authors: Kassaee M. Z. , Musavi S. M. , Ghambarian M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRelative stabilities and structural characters of 30 silylenic C2HXSi species (X = H, NH2, CN, and OMe), with singlet (s) and/or triplet (t) states, are calculated at six levels of theory: HF/6‐311++G**, MP3/6‐31G*, B1LYP/6‐311++G**, B3LYP/6‐311++G**, MP2/6‐311++G**, and MP4(SDTQ)/6‐311++G**. The four possible isomers considered for C2SiHX are (i) 3‐X‐1‐silacyclopropenylidene (1s‐X and 1t‐X), (ii) X‐vinilydensilylene (2s‐X and 2t‐X), (iii) ethynyl‐X‐silylene (3s‐X and 3t‐X), and (iv) (X‐ethynyl)silylene (4s‐X and 4t‐X). The GIAO–NICS calculations show that singlet cyclic structures, 1s‐X, are considerably more aromatic than benzene. Conversely, triplet cyclic C2HCNSi breaks down through optimization, and transforms into a novel high‐spin acyclic carbenosilylene minimum (1t‐CN). Singlet 3 and triplet 3 cross at a divalent angle (|XSiC) of 152°. This angle narrows to 137° for crossing of singlet 3s‐CN and triplet, 3t‐CN. The smallest |XSiC occurs at 132° for crossing of 3s‐H and 3t‐H. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 18:283–293, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20297
Reduced anterior hippocampal formation volume in hyponatremic schizophrenic patients
Authors: Goldman M.B. , Torres I.J. , Keedy S. , Marlow‐O'Connor M. , Beenken B. , Pilla R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDiminished hippocampal volume occurs in the anterior segment of some schizophrenic patients, and in the posterior segment in others. The significance of hippocampal pathology in general and these segmental differences in specific is not known. Several lines of evidence suggest anterior hippocampal pathology underlies the life‐threatening hyponatremia seen in a subgroup of patients with schizophrenia; therefore our goal was to determine if this region was preferentially diminished in hyponatremic patients. We studied seven polydipsic hyponatremic, ten polydipsic normonatremic, and nine nonpolydipsic normonatremic schizophrenic inpatients, as well as 12 healthy controls. All underwent structural scanning on a high resolution (3.0 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. Hippocampal formation, amygdala, and third ventricle volumes were manually traced in each subject. The hippocampus was divided at the posterior extent of the uncus, and all structural volumes were corrected for whole brain volume and other significant recognized factors (i.e., age, gender, height, parental education). Despite being overhydrated, anterior hippocampal formation volume was diminished in those with polydipsia and hyponatremia relative to each of the other three groups. Third ventricle volume was larger in this group than in healthy controls but similar to the two patient groups. Posterior hippocampal and amygdala volumes did not differ between groups. Other potential confounds (e.g., water imbalance) either had no effect or accentuated these differences. We conclude the anterior hippocampal formation is smaller in hyponatremic schizophrenic patients, thereby linking an important and objective clinical feature of schizophrenia to a neural pathway that can be investigated in animal models. The findings strengthen the hypothesis that anterior hippocampal formation pathology disrupts functional connectivity with other limbic structures in schizophrenia. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.