bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gravimetric and morpho-structural analyses in the superhot geothermal system Los Humeros: an example from central Mexico
Authors: Cornejo-Triviño Natalia , Liotta Domenico , Piccardi Luigi , Brogi Andrea , Kruszewski Michal , Perez-Flores M.A , Carrillo Jonathan , Calcagno Philippe , Sass Ingo , Schill Eva 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe influence of deep and regional geological structures is becoming increasingly important in superhot geothermal systems due to their proximity to the transition between brittleness and ductility. In the Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico, where subsurface fluids reach temperatures of over 350 °C, the surface structures resulting from the collapse of calderas have so far only been interpreted at the local scale. The aim of this work is to place the recent tectonic and volcano-tectonic geomorphologic evolution and structures in the Los Humeros volcanic area in a regional context. NE- and NW-striking dominant structures resulting from a morpho-structural analysis on a regional scale are confirmed by negative and positive anomalies, respectively, after Butterworth filtering of gravity field data with different wavelengths over a local area of about 1000 km2. By analyzing the slip and dilation trends of the observed directions, we show the relevance of the regional context for reservoir exploration. The magnitudes of the principal stresses we estimate indicate a trans-tensional fault regime, a combination of strike-slip and normal faulting. The structures derived from the gravity and morpho-structural analyses, which are parallel to the maximum horizontal stress, have the highest potential for tensile and shear failure. Therefore, the corresponding negative gravity anomalies could be related to fracture porosity. Consequently, we hypothesize that these structures near the transition between brittleness and ductility control fluid flow in the Los Humeros geothermal field.
City-scale monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes by digital PCR and metagenomics
Authors: Maestre-Carballa Lucia , Navarro-López Vicente , Martinez-Garcia Manuel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Anthropogenic activities significantly contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), posing a substantial threat to humankind. The development of methods that allow robust ARG surveillance is a long-standing challenge. Here, we use city-scale monitoring of ARGs by using two of the most promising cutting-edge technologies, digital PCR (dPCR) and metagenomics.

Methods
ARG hot-spots were sampled from the urban water and wastewater distribution systems. Metagenomics was used to provide a broad view of ARG relative abundance and richness in the prokaryotic and viral fractions. From the city-core ARGs in all samples, the worldwide dispersed sul2 and tetW conferring resistance to sulfonamide and tetracycline, respectively, were monitored by dPCR and metagenomics.

Results
The largest relative overall ARG abundance and richness were detected in the hospital wastewater and the WWTP inlet (up to ≈6,000 ARGs/Gb metagenome) with a large fraction of unclassified resistant bacteria. The abundance of ARGs in DNA and RNA contigs classified as viruses was notably lower, demonstrating a reduction of up to three orders of magnitude compared to contigs associated to prokaryotes. By metagenomics and dPCR, a similar abundance tendency of sul2 and tetW was obtained, with higher abundances in hospital wastewater and WWTP input (≈125–225 ARGs/Gb metagenome). dPCR absolute abundances were between 6,000 and 18,600 copies per ng of sewage DNA (≈105–7 copies/mL) and 6.8 copies/mL in seawater near the WWTP discharging point.

Conclusions
dPCR was more sensitive and accurate, while metagenomics provided broader coverage of ARG detection. While desirable, a reliable correlation of dPCR absolute abundance units into metagenomic relative abundance units was not obtained here (r2 < 0.4) suggesting methodological factors that introduce variability. Evolutionary pressure does not significantly select the targeted ARGs in natural aquatic environments.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dengue among public school teachers in a Central Luzon Province in the Philippines: an analytic cross-sectional study
Authors: Gregorio Ernesto R. , Takeuchi Rie , Hernandez Paul Michael R. , Medina John Robert , Kawamura Shin-ya , Salanguit Mikaela B. , Santillan Marian Danille C. , Ramos Kimberly Mae S. , Tuliao Gideon John , Morales Lyndon , Palatino Maylin , Shibuya Fumiko , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Dengue has become a major health issue in tropical regions as the numbers of reported cases and estimated infections continuously increase. In the Philippines, many challenges remain in preventing and controlling the disease amidst all the mitigation efforts of the government. This study sought to measure the health literacy of Filipino teachers and determine the associations among teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and selected practices (KAP) against dengue.

Methods
Elementary and secondary school teachers from the consistently declared dengue hotspots in the City of San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines, from the years 2017 to 2019 were selected as target participants in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered online survey tool was used in this study for both screening of participants and the KAP survey proper. STATA, descriptive statistics, and multiple logistic regression were used for the data analysis. Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.

Results
The study comprised 604 participants whose mean age was 38.4 years. Television was determined as the top media source of information, and various health staff were the most trusted and common source of information. Good knowledge on dengue treatment (OR = 1.81; 95% CI 1.18–2.78) and dengue prevention (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 1.26–2.71) were positively associated with having good practices on protection against mosquito bites. Good knowledge on dengue signs and symptoms (OR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.02–2.37) and dengue prevention (OR = 2.38; 95% CI 1.59–3.58) were positively associated with having good practices on preventing breeding sites. Those with positive perceived susceptibility to dengue had lower odds of having good practices on protection against mosquito bites (OR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.41–0.99) and of having good practices on preventing breeding sites (OR = 0.46; 95% CI 0.26–0.81).

Conclusion
Even with the existing dengue policies, programs, and strategies, and the high disease literacy rate of Filipinos, dengue remains a struggle with an increasing case rate. Therefore, specific concepts should be emphasized, and interventions should be fine-tuned to better reach and influence the target population to attain a dengue-free Philippines.
Designer cell therapy for tissue regeneration
Authors: Zama Noyuri , Toda Satoshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCancer cell therapy, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for blood cancers, has emerged as a powerful new modality for cancer treatment. Therapeutic cells differ significantly from conventional drugs, such as small molecules and biologics, as they possess cellular information processing abilities to recognize and respond to abnormalities in the body. This capability enables the targeted delivery of therapeutic factors to specific locations and times. Various types of designer cells have been developed and tested to overcome the shortcomings of CAR T cells and expand their functions in the treatment of solid tumors. In particular, synthetic receptor technologies are a key to designing therapeutic cells that specifically improve tumor microenvironment. Such technologies demonstrate great potential for medical applications to regenerate damaged tissues as well that are difficult to cure with conventional drugs. In this review, we introduce recent developments in next-generation therapeutic cells for cancer treatment and discuss the application of designer therapeutic cells for tissue regeneration.
Government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: good practices and lessons for future preparedness
Authors: Chen Shu , Guo Lei , Xie Yewei , Dong Di , Saber Rana , Alluhidan Mohammed , Alamri Adwa , Alfaisal Abdulrahman , Alazemi Nahar , Al-Farsi Yahya M. , Al Ohaly Yazid A. , Zhang Yi , Rakic Severin , Hamza Mariam , Herbst Christopher H. , Tang Shenglan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically threatened the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries which have a large proportion of foreign workers. The governments of GCC countries have proactively implemented a comprehensive set of policy measures, and up to our knowledge, a systematic analysis of qualitative and quantitative evidence on the government response is still lacking. We summarized the GCC countries’ government response and quantitatively measured that response using four indexes—the Government Response Index, the Stringency Index, the Vaccine Index, and the Initial Response Index, to analyse their response for future pandemic preparedness. Overall, the government response of all the GCC countries to the COVID-19 pandemic has been comprehensive, stringent, and timely. Notably, the GCC countries have implemented comprehensive vaccine policies. In addition, they have worked actively to protect foreign workers to improve their access to health services and secure their essential living conditions, regardless of their immigrant status. All the GCC countries dynamically adjusted their response to the evolving COVID-19 epidemiological burden and started to relax the stringency of the control policies after the Omicron wave, though the governments had different response magnitudes as measured by the four indexes. These findings have provided several important lessons for future pandemic response and preparedness for countries with similar economic, demographic, and health contexts in (1) prompt actions of containment and closure policies with dynamic adjusting, (2) strengthening health system policies, (3) comprehensive vaccination policies with universal access, (4) equitable and free access to testing, diagnosis, and treatment for all, and (5) strengthening the resilience of health systems.
A review on solar water heating technology: Impacts of parameters and techno-economic studies
Authors: Eze Fabian , Egbo Munonyedi , Anuta Udochukwu John , Ntiriwaa Ossei-Bremang Rejoice , Ogola Julius , Mwabora Julius 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Solar water heating is a highly sustainable method of extracting thermal energy from the sun for domestic and industrial use. In residential buildings, thermal energy from a Solar Water Heater (SWH) can be used to heat spaces, shower, clean, or cook, either alone or in combination with conventional heating systems such as electricity- and fossil-fuel-based heaters. In the industrial sector, SWHs can be used in various high-temperature fluid processes, including chemical processing, manufacturing, power generation, and construction. Despite the technological advancements in water heating systems, there are still some significant technical and economic challenges that limit their widespread adoption and commercialization. Despite their potential to revolutionize the industry, these systems remain in the shadows of unsustainable water heating solutions.

Main body of the abstract
This paper reviews recent selected publications on the technical and techno-economic aspects of solar water heating technology. The discussions include the effects of some parameters and components on the overall thermal efficiency of the SWHs as well as the techno-economic prospects of the technology. In addition, the paper provides the existing research gaps and recommendations for future research directions.

Short conclusion
The present review paper is unique because it condenses the recent studies carried out on both the technical and techno-economic aspects of the SWHs. It provides a comprehensive framework for interested readers and researchers to gain insights into the technical and economic status of SWHs. However, it is not an exhaustive study. The information presented can aid researchers in conducting further research on the subject, as well as understanding the future of SWHs.
Growth, leaf anatomy, and photosynthesis of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings in response to four light-emitting diodes and high pressure sodium lamp
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Liao Baopeng , Li Fangjun , Eneji A. Egrinya , Du Mingwei , Tian Xiaoli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Light is a critical factor in plant growth and development, particularly in controlled environments. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have become a reliable alternative to conventional high pressure sodium (HSP) lamps because they are more efficient and versatile in light sources. In contrast to well-known specialized LED light spectra for vegetables, the appropriate LED lights for crops such as cotton remain unknown.

Results
In this growth chamber study, we selected and compared four LED lights with varying percentages (26.44%–68.68%) of red light (R, 600–700 nm), combined with other lights, for their effects on growth, leaf anatomy, and photosynthesis of cotton seedlings, using HSP lamp as a control. The total photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was (215 ± 2) μmol·m−2·s−1 for all LEDs and HSP lamp. The results showed significant differences in all tested parameters among lights, and the percentage of far red (FR, 701–780 nm) within the range of 3.03%–11.86% was positively correlated with plant growth (characterized by leaf number and area, plant height, stem diameter, and total biomass), palisade layer thickness, photosynthesis rate (Pn), and stomatal conductance (Gs). The ratio of R/FR (4.445–11.497) negatively influenced the growth of cotton seedlings, and blue light (B) suppressed stem elongation but increased palisade cell length, chlorophyll content, and Pn.

Conclusion
The LED 2 was superior to other LED lights and HSP lamp. It had the highest ratio of FR within the total PPFD (11.86%) and the lowest ratio of R/FR (4.445). LED 2 may therefore be used to replace HPS lamp under controlled environments for the study of cotton at the seedling stage.
Xylan derived carbon sphere/graphene composite film with low resistance for supercapacitor electrode
Authors: Cai Jihai , Li Yujin , Qin Rongji , Li Guangsheng , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractReduced graphene oxide (rGO) films suffer from low capacitance for inner unreduced oxygen functional groups, restacking of sheets and high contact resistance. Herein, carbon spheres derived from renewable xylan were added to graphene oxide with large sheet area to fabricate film by gelation and filtration, followed by in situ reduction for high-performance flexible supercapacitor. rGO film with transverse size about 13 μm showed a good specific capacitance of 967 mF/cm2 at a scanning rate of 5 mV/s and increased to 1786 mF/cm2 by in situ reducing its inner part, which generally remained oxidized due to outer hindering from hydrophobic graphene. Then, by hydrothermal carbonization of xylan and activation with KOH, activated carbon sphere (aXCS) was prepared, which had a diameter of 150–200 nm and a specific capacitance of 270 F/g. The aXCS acted as spacer and connector to avoid restacking of graphene sheets and decrease interlayer contact resistance, resulting 94% increase in capacitance performance from rGO film to aXCS/rGO film. Therefore, combined in situ reduction and enhancement through compositing aXCS, the final film (aXCS/rGO-AA) showed a boosted specific capacitance of 755 mF/cm2 at 1 mA/cm2 in double electrode system, power density of 22.5–2250 mW/cm2, and energy density of 11.88–25.2 mWh/cm2. Meanwhile, aXCS/rGO-AA had outstanding cycling stability that its specific capacitance maintained 108.7% after 10,000 cycles of charge–discharge, showing promising potential in wearable and portable electronics.
Graphical abstract
Chemical characterization, safety profile and antileiomyoma effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera Taubert (Fabaceae) fruit ethanol extract in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Imade Rose Osarieme , Ayinde Buniyamin Adesina , Uchendu Adaeze Phina , Innih Silvanus , Umar Aadam Anoghena , Agoreyo Oghenemaro Victory , Adesina John Marvelous 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Tetrapleura tetraptera Taubert (Fabaceae) fruits are employed by herbal practitioners in the management of uterine leiomyoma, but its usage in this regard and level of safety in chronic administration has not been sufficiently established. This study evaluated the toxicity effects of T. tetraptera ethanol fruit extract and explored its antileiomyoma effect in female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

Methods
Sub-chronic toxicity test of the extract was done, with biochemical and hematological changes as well as histopathology of organs assessed. Leiomyoma formation was induced in SD rats with monosodium glutamate (MSG) and the extract given at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, following both the preventive and curative methods. Total serum cholesterol, protein and estradiol were determined, as well as histopathology assessment of the uterus. Phytochemical profiling of the extract was evaluated by analytical high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results
No significant alterations were seen in the biochemical and hematological indices in the toxicity test. The vital organs showed no changes at 200 mg/kg, but at 800 mg/kg it appeared to induce multiplication of glandular epithelium and stromal fibrosis in the uterus, and induced perivascular inflammation around the vessels of the heart. Total serum cholesterol and estradiol were significantly elevated (P ≤ 0.05) on treating normal female rats with 800 mg/kg MSG. Preventive and curative treatment of MSG-treated animals with the extract significantly decreased the elevated serum cholesterol (P ≤ 0.01) and estradiol (P ≤ 0.05). Histological studies of the uterus showed an amelioration of the proliferating fibroid cells with administration of the extract, which was more evident in the curative treatment. Result of HPLC analysis of the extract revealed rich composition in bioactive compounds such as umbelliferone, ferulic acid, aridanin, echinocystic acid, naringenin and hentriacontane.

Conclusion
The ethanol fruit extract of T. tetraptera is relatively safe in Sprague Dawley rats in low doses and has antifibroid potential as seen in its significant reduction in the elevated total cholesterol and estradiol content as well as its ability to decrease uterine leiomyoma proliferation, which may be due to its array of phytochemical constituents.
The interplay of body composition, pain intensity, and psychological status in Egyptian patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Khalil Naylan Fayez Wahba , Hassan Marwa Mohamed , Elshatby Nehad Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a clear relationship between poor mental health, obesity, and osteoarthritis (OA). Individuals who experience symptoms of anxiety and depression are more likely to report higher levels of pain and disability in OA. In addition, higher body mass index (BMI) levels can contribute to additional pain and disability in individuals with OA. We aimed to explore the interplay of Body composition, pain intensity, and psychological status in Egyptian patients with knee OA.

Results
This cross-sectional study included 60 patients with Knee OA diagnosed clinically according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Body composition measurement was performed with an InBody analyzer. Pain was assessed by the pain visual analog scale (VAS), disability was measured with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) scores, and depressed mood and/or anxiety was measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Body mass index (BMI), total body fat (TBF) %, fat mass (FM), and fat mass index (FMI) were positively correlated with pain and disability in patients with knee OA. TBF% was positively correlated with depression and anxiety.

Conclusions
This study has shed light on the association between mental disorders, body composition measurements, knee pain, and disability. Interventions to treat osteoarthritis in elderly patients should focus on treating mood changes such as anxiety and depression, psychological support, and controlling body mass with proper diet and exercise programs.
Impact of Insulin-Induced Relative Hypoglycemia on Vascular Insulin Sensitivity and Central Hemodynamics in Prediabetes
Authors: Battillo Daniel J , Remchak Mary-Margaret E , Shah Ankit M , Malin Steven K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Context
Relative hypoglycemia (RH) is linked to sympathetic responses that can alter vascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, less is known about the role of RH on hemodynamics or metabolic insulin sensitivity in prediabetes.

Objective
Determine if RH alters peripheral endothelial function or central hemodynamics to a greater extent in those with prediabetes vs normoglycemia.

Methods
Seventy adults with obesity were classified using ADA criteria as prediabetes (n = 34 (28 F); HbA1c = 6.02% ± 0.1%) or normoglycemia (n = 36 (30 F); HbA1c = 5.4% ± 0.0%). Brachial artery endothelial function, skeletal muscle capillary perfusion, and aortic waveforms were assessed at 0 and 120 minutes of a euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min, 90 mg/dL). Plasma nitrate/nitrite and endothelin-1 were measured as surrogates of nitric oxide–mediated vasodilation and vasoconstriction, respectively. RH was defined as the drop in glucose (%) from fasting to clamp steady state.

Results
There were no differences in age, weight, or VO2max between groups. The prediabetes group had higher HbA1c (P &lt; .01) and a greater drop in glucose in response to insulin (14% vs 8%; P = .03). Further, heart rate increased in normoglycemia compared to prediabetes (P &lt; .01), while forward wave (Pf) decreased in prediabetes (P = .04). Insulin also tended to reduce arterial stiffness in normoglycemia vs prediabetes (P = .07), despite similar increases in preocclusion diameter (P = .02), blood flow (P = .02), and lower augmentation index (P ≤ .05).

Conclusion
Compared with normoglycemia, insulin-induced RH corresponded with a blunted rise in heart rate and drop in Pf during insulin infusion in adults with prediabetes, independent of changes in peripheral endothelial function.