bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of future creep and seismic behaviors of dams using 3D analyses validated by long-term levelling measurements
Authors: Cavuslu Murat , Inyurt Samed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to assess the future structural performance of the Kozlu-Ulutan clay core rockfill (CCR) dam, one of the most significant water structures in the Black Sea region of Turkey, by utilizing 35 years of levelling measurements and 3D finite-difference analyses. Settlement measurements were obtained from five different points on the dam surface every 6 months. Subsequently, a three-dimensional (3D) model of the dam was created using the finite-difference method. Time-dependent creep analyses and seismic analyses were conducted sequentially, employing the Burger-Creep and Mohr–Coulomb material models, respectively. Non-reflecting boundary conditions were defined for the boundaries of the dam model. The 3D numerical analysis results were found to be highly compatible with the 35 years of levelling measurements. Additionally, the future seepage and settlement behaviors of the dam over a 100-year period (2023–2123) were analyzed, considering special time functions. Current and future seismic analyses were performed, taking into account the settlement results of the dam in 2023 and 2123. For seismic analyses, data from ten various earthquakes that occurred in Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Malatya, and Gaziantep in Turkey in 2023 were utilized. The seismic analysis results provided significant information about the future seismic behavior of the Kozlu-Ulutan Dam, revealing notable differences between the current and future earthquake behaviors of the dam. Moreover, it was concluded that the clay core is the most crucial section concerning the current and future seismic behaviors of CCR dams. The study results emphasized the importance of continuous monitoring and periodic seismic evaluations for the safe operation of CCR dams.
Investigation of the Effect of Boron Oxide and Beeswax on Workability and High-Temperature Performance of Bitumen
Authors: Şahan Neslihan , Oruç Şeref , Çavdar Erman , Kumandaş Aytuğ , Kabadayı Ersoy , Kök Baha Vural 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In recent years, various studies have shown that boron-containing additives improve the rutting performance of the bituminous pavements. However, in these studies, it was stated that these additives would decrease the workability of the bitumen and increase energy required for the construction of the pavement. On the other hand, it has been shown in many studies that waxes increase the workability of the bitumen. In this study, it was aimed to obtain bitumen with high rutting resistance and workability by adding boron oxide (BO) and beeswax (BW) to bitumen. Therefore, modified bitumen was produced by adding BO and BW at different ratios to a 50/70 penetration grade base bitumen. Then, the chemical, physical, and rheological properties of modified bitumen samples were investigated by various experiments. As a result, it has been observed that BO increases the high-temperature performance and viscosity of bitumen; on the other hand, BW decreases rutting resistance and viscosity. When BO and BW were added together to the bitumen, the negative impact of BO on workability and the negative impact of BW on high temperature performance were significantly eliminated. Especially, in 1BO + 1BW and 3BO + 3BW bitumens, the high-temperature performance of the bitumen improved without decreasing the workability.
APSIM’s origins and the forces shaping its first 30 years of evolution: A review and reflections
Authors: Keating Brian Anthony 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSimulation models have co-evolved with agricultural research methods over the last 60 years and they are now a widely accepted and deployed component of agricultural research and development. Modelling supports research in a very diverse range of disciplines and situations, but nowhere more so than in farming systems research. The complex interactions in space and time in the face of climate variability and change that characterise contemporary farming systems research create a situation in which farming systems models are vital tools in interpreting and generalising research results. This review examines the evolution of one of the most widely used farming systems modelling platforms, the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM). The review sets the scene for APSIM development with an account of research approaches in agronomy during the 1960s and 1970s. The early innovations in crop and soil modelling in the 1980s are covered briefly and a more explicit history of APSIM development is reported from the 1990s. Reports of APSIM use and impact are reviewed over the 2000s and 2010s. The review concludes with reflections on the forces that have shaped and enabled this more than 30-year history of APSIM development and use, together with a look forward to future challenges. Recent developments in proximal and remote sensing together with advances in the power of empirical models arising from machine learning are not seen as threats but more so opportunities for sound bio-physical models to be deployed with greater effect.
“If I Do not Go to Work, They Will Die!” Dual Roles of Older-Adult Personal Support Workers’ Contributions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wu Haorui , Yung Mandy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhen COVID-19 devastated older-adult organizations (long-term care homes and retirement homes), most public attention was directed toward the older-adult residents rather than their service providers. This was especially true in the case of personal support workers, some of whom are over the age of 55, putting them in two separate categories in the COVID-19 settings: (1) a vulnerable and marginalized group who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19; and (2) essential healthcare workers. Since the current disaster-driven research, practice, and policy have primarily focused on generalized assumptions that older-adults are a vulnerable, passive, and dependent group rather than recognizing their diversity, expertise, assets, and experiences, this study aimed to identify their contributions from the perspective of older-adult personal support worker (OAPSW). This qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews, inviting 15 OAPSWs from the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. This study uncovered the OAPSWs’ contribution at three levels: individual (enhancing physical health, mental health, and overall well-being), work (improving working environment and service and supporting co-workers), and family (protecting their nuclear and extended families). The outcomes inform the older-adult research, practice, policy, public discourse, and education by enhancing the appreciation of older-adults’ diverse strengths and promoting their engagement and contributions in disaster settings.
Sepsis and case fatality rates and associations with deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics: population-based case–control study with linked primary care and hospital data in England
Authors: van Staa Tjeerd Pieter , Pate Alexander , Martin Glen P. , Sharma Anita , Dark Paul , Felton Tim , Zhong Xiaomin , Bladon Sian , Cunningham Neil , Gilham Ellie L. , Brown Colin S. , Mirfenderesky Mariyam , Palin Victoria , Ashiru-Oredope Diane 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. The purpose of the study was to measure the associations of specific exposures (deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics) with incident sepsis and case fatality.

Methods
Two research databases in England were used including anonymized patient-level records from primary care linked to hospital admission, death certificate, and small-area deprivation. Sepsis cases aged 65–100 years were matched to up to six controls. Predictors for sepsis (including 60 clinical conditions) were evaluated using logistic and random forest models; case fatality rates were analyzed using logistic models.

Results
108,317 community-acquired sepsis cases were analyzed. Severe frailty was strongly associated with the risk of developing sepsis (crude odds ratio [OR] 14.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.37–15.52). The quintile with most deprived patients showed an increased sepsis risk (crude OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.45–1.51) compared to least deprived quintile. Strong predictors for sepsis included antibiotic exposure in prior 2 months, being house bound, having cancer, learning disability, and diabetes mellitus. Severely frail patients had a case fatality rate of 42.0% compared to 24.0% in non-frail patients (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.41–1.65). Sepsis cases with recent prior antibiotic exposure died less frequently compared to non-users (adjusted OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.72–0.76). Case fatality strongly decreased over calendar time.

Conclusion
Given the variety of predictors and their level of associations for developing sepsis, there is a need for prediction models for risk of developing sepsis that can help to target preventative antibiotic therapy.
Erfassung problematischer Smartphonenutzung und der Effekt auf die kognitive Unterrichtsmeidung von Schüler:innen
Authors: Nagel Arvid 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungSmartphones spielen im täglichen Leben der Menschen eine wichtige Rolle – vor allem junge Menschen fühlen sich von Mobiltelefonen stark angezogen und nutzen Smartphones viele Stunden täglich. Jüngste Forschungsergebnisse deuten auch auf potenzielle Probleme durch die übermäßige Nutzung von Mobilgeräten hin – die digitale Abhängigkeit kann zu zwanghaftem und süchtigem Verhalten führen. Die problematische Smartphonenutzung hat sich als ein moderner psychologischer Fachbegriff etabliert. Dennoch zeigt sich, dass die Forschung zur problematischen Smartphonenutzung noch rar ist. Um diesem Desiderat zu begegnen, ist ein zuverlässiges und valides Instrument zur Erfassung der problematischen Smartphonenutzung (bei Jugendlichen) unerlässlich. Dieser Beitrag stellt Operationalisierungen zur Messung problematischer Smartphonenutzung vor und präsentiert ein Messmodell. Das entwickelte Screening-Instrument soll zudem die Frage klären, wie sich Dimensionen der problematischen Smartphonenutzung auf die kognitive Unterrichtsmeidung von Schüler:innen auswirkt, was bisher noch nicht in den Blick der Forschung geraten ist. Im Rahmen einer Jugendstudie in der Schweiz wurden 1333 Schüler:innen der Sekundarstufe I mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 13,7 Jahren befragt, wobei jeder dritte Jugendliche Angaben sowohl zur Smartphonenutzung und zweidrittel der Jugendlichen Angaben zur kognitiven Unterrichtsmeidung machten. Zur Messung der problematischen Smartphonenutzung wurde ein fünf-faktorielles Screening-Instrument operationalisiert, in dem die Dimensionen (I) Einengung des Denkens und Verhaltens, (II) Toleranzentwicklung, (III) Fortführung trotz negativer Konsequenzen, (IV) Kontrollverlust, (V) Entzugserscheinungen operationalisiert wurden. Die psychometrischen Daten zeigen eine 5-faktorielle Struktur, wie sie theoretisch postuliert wurde. Multiple Regressionen zeigen, dass drei Dimensionen der problematischen Smartphonenutzung signifikante Prädiktoren für die kognitive Unterrichtsmeidung der Schüler:innen darstellen. Regressionsmodelle getrennt nach den Geschlechtern belegen differente Dimensionen mit unterschiedlichen Varianzaufklärungen als prädiktiv.
Material Property Prediction Using Graphs Based on Generically Complete Isometry Invariants
Authors: Balasingham Jonathan , Zamaraev Viktor , Kurlin Vitaliy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe structure–property hypothesis says that the properties of all materials are determined by an underlying crystal structure. The main obstacle was the ambiguity of conventional crystal representations based on incomplete or discontinuous descriptors that allow false negatives or false positives. This ambiguity was resolved by the ultra-fast pointwise distance distribution, which distinguished all periodic structures in the world’s largest collection of real materials (Cambridge structural database). State-of-the-art results in property prediction were previously achieved by graph neural networks based on various graph representations of periodic crystals, including the Crystal Graph with vertices at all atoms in a crystal unit cell. This work adapts the pointwise distance distribution for a simpler graph whose vertex set is not larger than the asymmetric unit of a crystal structure. The new Distribution Graph reduces mean absolute error by 0.6–12% while having 44–88% of the number of vertices when compared to the Crystal Graph when applied on the Materials Project and Jarvis-DFT datasets using CGCNN and ALIGNN. Methods for hyper-parameters selection for the graph are backed by the theoretical results of the pointwise distance distribution and are then experimentally justified.
Tissue Engineering in Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation—Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Shetty Smitha Sammith , Shetty Shibani , Venkatesh Swapna Bettanapalya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature pertaining to the principles and techniques utilized in tissue engineering for the purpose of rehabilitating oral defects that may involve tissues such as bone, cartilage, oral mucosa, periodontal ligament, nerve, and muscle.

Recent Findings
Tissue engineering represents a cutting-edge area of research within the field of regeneration. Its potential application in the restoration of oral and maxillofacial tissues has emerged as a viable alternative to the traditional use of autologous bone grafts for reconstructing bone defects. In recent times, the field of tissue engineering has made significant progress in tissue regeneration through the utilization of cutting-edge technologies. Tissue engineering has facilitated tissue regeneration through the replication of stem cells, cytokines, and growth factors.

Summary
Tissue engineering is definitely the future of reconstructive surgery that facilitates the regeneration of tissues that have been compromised by various dental pathologies. To date, significant progress has been made in the field of tissue regeneration, particularly in the restoration of simple tissue defects. However, the restoration of complex tissue structures and their corresponding functionality remains a formidable challenge that continues to be actively researched.
Enhancing the Vietoris–Rips simplicial complex for topological data analysis: applications in cancer gene expression datasets
Authors: Mashatola Lebohang , Kader Zubayr , Abdulla Naaziyah , Kaur Mandeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to enhance the extraction of informative features from complex data through the application of topological data analysis (TDA) using novel topological overlapping measures. Topological data analysis has emerged as a promising methodology for extracting meaningful insights from complex datasets. Existing approaches in TDA often involve extrapolating data points using distance correlation measures, which subsequently constrain downstream predictive tasks. Our objective is to improve the construction of the Vietoris–Rips simplicial complex by introducing topological overlapping measures. These measures take into account the interplay of direct connection strengths and shared neighbours, leading to the identification of persistent topological features. We propose the utilisation of topological overlapping measures to optimise the construction of the Vietoris–Rips simplicial complex, offering a more refined representation of complex data structures. The application of topological overlapping measures results in the identification of plentiful persistent topological features. This enhancement contributes to an improvement of up to 20% in cancer phenotype prediction across different cancer types. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of utilising topological overlapping measures in optimising the construction of the Vietoris–Rips simplicial complex. The identified persistent topological features significantly enhance the predictive accuracy of cancer phenotypes. This novel approach has the potential to advance the field of topological data analysis and improve our understanding of complex data structures, particularly in the context of cancer research and predictive modelling. Further exploration and application of these measures may yield valuable insights in various domains dealing with intricate datasets.
People with Neuro-motor Impairment, Lack of Speech, and General Passivity Can Engage in Basic Forms of Activity and Communication with Technology Support
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E. , Navarro Jorge , Singh Nirbhay N. , O’Reilly Mark F. , Sigafoos Jeff , Mellino Antonella , Arcuri Pietro , Alberti Gloria , Chiariello Valeria 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
People with neuro-motor impairment, lack of speech and general passivity live in a marginalized and isolating condition. This study used a technology-aided program to help three of these people achieve basic activity (i.e., accessing music videos and listening to stories and/or answering questions) and communication (i.e., video calling or sending messages to preferred partners).

Methods
The study was carried out according to a non-concurrent multiple baseline design across participants. During the intervention, the participants were provided with the technology system that entailed a tablet and two touch or two optic sensors. Within each session, the tablet presented the participants with choice periods (i.e., periods in which they could choose between music videos and communication with distant partners) interspersed with stories plus questions or questions periods.

Results
During the baseline (without the technology system), the participants were not able to make choices (failing to access music videos or communication events) or to answer questions. During the intervention sessions, all participants used the technology successfully to access music videos and communication events and to answer questions independently.

Conclusions
The results suggest that simple technology can be adapted to help people like the participants of this study achieve basic forms of functional activity and communication.
TSLAM: a tag-based object-centered monocular navigation system for augmented manual woodworking
Authors: Settimi Andrea , Yang Hong-Bin , Gamerro Julien , Weinand Yves 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
TimberSLAM (TSLAM) is an object-centered, tag-based visual self-localization and mapping (SLAM) system for monocular RGB cameras. It was specifically developed to support a robust and augmented reality pipeline for close-range, noisy, and cluttered fabrication sequences that involve woodworking operations, such as cutting, drilling, sawing, and screwing with multiple tools and end-effectors. By leveraging and combining multiple open-source projects, we obtain a functional pipeline that can map, three-dimensionally reconstruct, and finally provide a robust camera pose stream during fabrication time to overlay an execution model with its digital-twin model, even under close-range views, dynamic environments, and heavy scene obstructions. To benchmark the proposed navigation system under real fabrication scenarios, we produce a data set of 1344 closeups of different woodworking operations with multiple tools, tool heads, and varying parameters (e.g., tag layout and density). The evaluation campaign indicates that TSLAM is satisfyingly capable of detecting the camera’s millimeter position and subangular rotation during the majority of fabrication sequences. The reconstruction algorithm’s accuracy is also gauged and yields results that demonstrate its capacity to acquire shapes of timber beams with up to two preexisting joints. We have made the entire source code, evaluation pipeline, and data set open to the public for reproducibility and the benefit of the community.

Graphic abstract
Analyzing and mitigating parasitic capacitances in planar transformers for high-frequency operation
Authors: Lee Sujeong , Kim Seokwon , Shin Jong-Won , Kim Wonhee 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlanar magnetic components are compact and less susceptible to skin effect due to their thin copper layers. However, the increase in parasitic capacitance has been a challenge in high-frequency operation of planar transformers (PTs). Parasitic capacitances resonate with inductance and may damage switch devices. Thicker printed circuit board (PCB) and reconfigured windings are suggested in this paper to mitigate the parasitic capacitances. A detailed analysis of the parasitic capacitances is performed with a prototype PT. The resonant frequency increased from 1.27 to 1.63 MHz with a 0.4 mm thicker PCB. The reconfigured PT was 1.38 MHz, 0.3 MHz higher than the original PT.
A systematic narrative synthesis review of the effectiveness of genre theory and systemic functional linguistics for improving reading and writing outcomes within K-10 education
Authors: Green Clarence , Giblin Iain , Mulder Jean 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper reports a systematic narrative synthesis review conducted on the educational effectiveness of genre theory/systemic functional linguistics pedagogies for improving reading and writing outcomes in K-10 education within mainstream classrooms in Australia, the UK, the USA, New Zealand, and Canada. This framework has significant influence on reading and writing curriculum, teacher training, and literacy practices. However, its evidence base has never been systematically reviewed. An exhaustive database search sourced 7846 potentially relevant studies, which were screened according to guidelines for evaluating evidence through systematic narrative synthesis reviews and standardly applied criteria for educational evidence (e.g., The Centre for Education Statistics and Evaluation, What Works Clearinghouse). Very few peer-reviewed intervention studies with control groups and quantitatively measured outcomes were found. A surprising result. Those studies showing positive effects had flaws in research design and quality that preclude their use as educational evidence. This systematic review indicates that there is insufficient rigorous evidence of the benefits, or lack thereof, of genre theory/systemic functional linguistics–based approaches to teaching reading and writing within K-10 education, at least in terms of measurable outcomes for students. More high-quality research needs to be undertaken as the current research record is not sufficient to prove or disprove the value of this approach.