bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytologic features of prostatic adenocarcinoma in urine: A clinicopathologic and immunocytochemical study
Authors: Varma Vijay A. , Fekete Paul S. , Franks Marla J. , Walther McClellan M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCells of adenocarcinoma of the prostate (ACP) are infrequently shed in urine. We examined the clinicopathologic features of 22 patients with ACP and tumor cells in urine. Patients typically were clinical stage C or D and had hematuria (13 cases, 59%) and/or obstruction (11 cases, 50%). Prostatic palpation or instrumentation preceded collection of 15 urine specimens. Histologically, tumors were high grade (Gleason score 7‐10) and extensive, with involvement of prostatic ducts and acini (10 cases, 45%) and prostatic urethra (5 cases, 23%). Cytologically, the background was clean, and neoplastic cells appeared singly, in loose clusters, as large “casts,” or, rarely, in papillary structures. The cells were small, round to oval, with a moderate amount of finely granular or vacuolated cytoplasm; nuclei were generally round with a thin, often irregular membrane, finely granular chromatin, and a single prominent nucleolus. Immunoperoxidase staining for prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate‐specific antigen was useful in distinguishing ACP from transitional cell carcinoma.
Immunocytochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in cerebrospinal fluid with metastatic carcinoma of the stomach: Report of four cases
Authors: Iwa Nobuzo , Yutani Chikao , Kobayashi Tadao K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study was undertaken to evaluate the cellular findings of gastric carcinoma in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Immunocytochemical localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed on four cases of metastatic gastric carcinoma cells in CSF samples. A positive peroxidase‐antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction was obtained in all cases, with intense staining for CEA in the CSF samples as well as in the paraffin‐embedded tissue sections from the primary gastric tumors. Cellular morphology and the results of immunoperoxidase staining can be studied simultaneously. We believe that the PAP method for CEA increases diagnostic accuracy of cytology in the CSF.
Cytology of solid and papillary epithelial neoplasms of the pancreas: A case report
Authors: Stachura Jerzy , Popiela Tadeusz , Pietroń Maria , Tomaszewska Romana , Kulig Jerzy , Nowak Krystyna 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of rare pancreatic tumor in a 39‐yr‐old woman is reported. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy was performed; frozen sections later allowed definite diagnosis. Cytologic features of the tumor are described, and histogenesis is discussed.
Basal‐cell adenoma of the salivary gland: A benign adenoma that cytologically mimics adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Horwitz Charles A. , Henry Michelle J. , Burton Linda G. , Lowhagen Torsten 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe the fine‐needle aspiration cytology of two cases of basal‐cell adenoma (BCA) of the parotid gland. Both consisted of groups of small uniform cells with scant cytoplasm and occasional single cells. Small amounts of metachromatic stroma were present in smears from one case. The cytologic and histologic similarities between (BCA) and the solid type of adenoid cystic carcinoma are emphasized. Unequivocal distinction between these two entities may not be possible by cytologic criteria alone.
Aspiration biopsy cytology of mesothelioma
Authors: Tao Liang‐Che 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1977 to 1986, 39 cases at our institution were diagnosed as “consistent with mesothelioma” by percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration biopsy. All were verified clinically andlor histologically, with no false‐positive results. All mesotheliomas except four tumors of peritoneal origin originated from the pleura. On the basis of their cytomorphologic features in correlation with histopathology, the tumors were classified into four types: benign, carcinomatous, sarcomatous, and undifferentiated. Of these 39 cases of mesothelioma diagnosed by aspiration biopsy, nine were benign type; 14, carcinomatous type; 13, sarcomatous type; and three, undifferentiated type. The cytomorphologic features and patterns of different types of mesotheliomas observed in aspirate preparations are presented, and the differential diagnosis is discussed. It appears feasible to investigate pleural‐ or peritoneal‐based lesions with fine‐needle aspiration biopsy, particularly in patients without effusions or with negative results in effusion examinations. It is also possible to make a definitive diagnosis of mesothelioma on the basis of cytologic findings coupled with special and immunoperoxidase staining in combination with roentgenographic findings and clinical history.
Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in fine‐needle aspirations of metastatic squamous‐cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix using the polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Shibata Darryl , Cosgrove Michele , Arnheim Norman , Martin W. John , Martin Sue Ellen 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRoutinely processed fine‐needle aspirations of metastatic squamous‐cell carcinoma (SCC) were analyzed for human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV‐16) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), an in vitro DNA amplification method. HPV‐16 DNA was detected in five of seven (71%) metastases from SCC of the uterine cervix. In two cases in which the primary tumor was available for comparison, the HPV‐16 DNA content of the primary tumor and of the metastasis was identical. HPV‐16 was not found in a metastatic SCC from the lung or in a metastatic nasopharyngeal SCC. These findings demonstrate that HPV‐16 DNA sequences can be readily detected in routinely processed fine‐needle aspirations using the polymerase chain reaction. The finding of HPV‐16 DNA in a metastasis may serve to direct a search for a primary site of origin.
Identification of features of metaplastic cells in sputum for the detection of squamous‐cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Swank Paul R. , Greenberg S. Donald , Hunter Norwood R. , Spjut Harlan J. , Estrada Rolando , Trahan Elizabeth B. , Montalvo Jorge 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDigitized images of 1,556 squamous metaplastic cells from the sputum of 15 patients with confirmed squamous‐cell carcinoma of the lung and 13 subjects without apparent neoplasia were analyzed to determine if features existed within these relatively normal cells that could be used to differentiate between the two populations. Results indicate that such marker features do exist. A cross‐validation study using an additional 465 cells confirmed the conclusion that squamous metaplastic cells from patients with squamous‐cell carcinoma of the lung do differ from those of subjects without cancer. While such marker features alone are not reliable enough to assist pathologists in the diagnosis of squamous‐cell carcinoma of the lung, they might, in sufficient numbers, be used to identify patients for whom follow‐up testing would be advised.
Gleason grading of prostatic adenocarcinoma on fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Jacobs Daniel M. , Vago John F. , Weiss Mark A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe attempted to use the Gleason grading scheme on fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the prostate by examining 31 prostate aspirates that had concomitant surgical pathology tissue for correlation. A set of criteria is delineated in which it is proposed that Gleason grading is possible on FNA of the prostate by evaluating aspirated tissue fragments. Cell cytology, including qualitative nucleolar appearance, is not significantly helpful in this approach.
Mucinous breast carcinoma and mixed mucinous‐infiltrating ductal carcinoma: A comparative cytologic study
Authors: Stanley Michael W. , Tani Edneia M. , Skoog Lambert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn its pure form, mucinous breast carcinoma (MC) has a much better prognosis than infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). Mixed MC‐IDC has the prognosis of IDC. We compared the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and histology of nine cases of pure MC with 13 cases of mixed MC‐IDC. While typical of pure MC, abundant mucin (3−/3+) was noted in smears from three cases of mixed tumor and is thus necessary but not sufficient for a diagnosis of pure MC. Cellular pleomorphism has been said not to be a feature of MC; however, we found occasional large cells markedly different from the typical small uniform cells of MC in four pure and seven mixed tumors. Cytologic features indicative of a mixed tumor include one or more smears totally without mucin, scanty amounts of mucin, or necrosis. A combination of features indicative of pure mucinous carcinoma in FNA included abundant mucin on all smears, no pleomorphism, and no necrosis. Many cases will have smear patterns that are not typical of either profile and should probably be designated as carcinoma with a mucinous component.
Glial fibrillary acid protein immunoreactivity in fine‐needle aspiration of salivary gland lesions: A useful adjunct for the differential diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms
Authors: Ostrzega Nora , Cheng Lorna , Layfield Lester 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe value of immunocytochemical staining for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in salivary gland lesions was investigated in 33 fine‐needle aspiration smears. The study utilized cytologic material from ten pleomorphic adenomas, six normal salivary glands, three cases of chronic sialadenitis, three Warthin's tumors, two adenoid cystic carcinomas, three adenocarcinomas, two malignant mixed tumors, one acinic cell carcinoma, and three mucoepidermoid carcinomas. All tested pleomorphic adenomas stained positively. The adenoid cystic carcinomas and the cases of chronic sialadenitis, along with the low‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, were negative for GFAP immunoreactivity. These results indicate that immunostaining for GFAP may be a valuable aid in the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma; GFAP may be especially helpful in distinguishing those cases for which the diferential diagnosis includes the aforementioned salivary gland neoplasms.
Fine‐needle biopsy: Comparison of cellular yield with and without aspiration
Authors: Akhtar Mohammed , Ali Muhammad Ashraf , Huq Mahmuda , Faulkner Carol 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle biopsies with and without aspiration were performed on 103 lesions, and the cellular yields obtained by the two techniques were compared. A scoring system was devised by which the amount of material obtained in each needle stick was estimated. The mean scorelstick for fine‐needle biopsy with aspiration was 2. 7; for biopsy without aspiration, it was 2. 9. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in the amount of cellular material obtained by the two techniques. It is concluded that needle biopsy without aspiration may be performed routinely with good results.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of superficial lymph nodes
Authors: Cardillo Maria Rosaria 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 244 enlarged superficial lymph nodes was examined by fine‐needle aspiration cytology. Twenty‐nine smears (11.9%) were inadequate for study. Of the remaining 215, 108 were negative, 13 suspicious for malignancy, and 94 positive. Forty‐five excisional biopsies were performed correlating the cytologic and histologic findings. There were two cytologic false‐negative results; both were patients who had been treated for carcinoma and whose aspirates were cytologically negative. Of the 13 samples reported as suspicious for malignancy, there were three epidermoid carcinomas, nine reactive hyperplasias, and one non‐Hodgkin's lymphocytic lymphoma. Of the positive cases, 83 were metastatic tumors, and 11 were malignant lymphomas (two non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas and nine Hodgkin's lymphomas). The criteria used in the interpetration of these aspirates and the problems of differential cytological diagnosis are discussed. In spite of the drawbacks of inadequate and false‐negative smears, fine‐needle aspiration cytology is valuable in preliminary diagnosis of diseased lymph nodes and subsequent management.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of clear‐cell sarcoma of the kidney: Light and electron microscopic features
Authors: Akhtar Mohammed , Ali Muhammad Ashraf , Sackey Kwesi , Burgess Annie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSmears from seven fine‐needle aspiration biopsies from three patients with clear‐cell sarcoma of the kidney were reviewed, and the findings were correlated with corresponding histopathologic appearances. In two cases, the tumor cells were polygonal to spindle‐shaped and were loosely arranged in a matrix of mucoid material. The histopathologic examination of the resected tumors in these cases revealed a classic pattern. In the third case, the aspiration smears revealed round to polygonal cells with moderate to abundant cytoplasm but without the mucoid matrix. The predominant histologic appearance of this tumor was an epithelioid trabecular pattern. Electron microscopic findings were similar to those described in published studies.
Papillary carcinoma of prostatic ductal origin: A cytologic case report with immunohistochemical and quantitative dna correlation
Authors: Howell Lydia P. , Teplitz Raymond L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes the aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) of a case of papillary carcinoma of ductal origin, an uncommon malignant tumor of the prostate. Only one case has been previously reported in the cytology literature. Atypical papillary fragments are the distinctive cytologic findings. Similar to well‐differentiated acinar carcinoma of the prostate, the cytologic features of malignancy in this lesion may be subtle, and diagnosis is based on the presence of the cytologic pattern. Positive immunohistochemical staining with prostate‐specific acid phosphatase confirms the prostatic origin. Application is made of quantitative DNA analysis for prognostic determination.
Argyrophil carcinoma of the breast: A cytologic, histochemical, and ultrastructural study of a case
Authors: Hussein K. A. , Sanders D. S. A. , Preece P. E. , Hunter S. M. , Nicoll S. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAspirate from an argyrophil carcinoma (“carcinoid”) of the breast showed malignant dispersed epithelial cells. With Diff‐Quik, the cytoplasm was seen to be abundant, with prominent eosinophilic granularity. The nuclei were fairly uniform, round or oval, and eccentric and had a finely stippled chromatin pattern. On histology, the tumor appeared typical for argyrophil carcinoma, and staining with Grimelius for argyrophilic granules was positive. Membrane‐bound neurosecretory granules were seen on electron microscopy.
Chain of events in papanicolaou smear testing: Impact on quality assurance
Authors: Genack Lorri J. , Schumann G. Berry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractQuality assurance is defined in this article as a comprehensive program aimed at preventing and controlling errors from the time a test is ordered until test results are reported and utilized in the care of the patient. Quality control is only one facet of a total quality assurance program. Recently, the general public, professional organizations, and regulatory agencies have scrutinized the standards and practice of Papanicolaou smear testing. The components of quality assurance for gynecologic cytology are reviewed, and the chain of events in performing effective cytologic testing is described. The impact of various events on the outcome of Papanicolaou smear testing is thoroughly discussed.
Cytopathological changes in human cervix and endometrium following prolonged retention of copper‐bearing intrauterine contraceptive devices
Authors: Misra Jata S. , Engineer Amy D. , Tandon Prabha 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince 1971, cytological evaluation of cervical smears and endometrial aspirates was carried out in 604 women wearing CuT200 intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) for periods ranging from 6 mo to 15 yr. No cases of cervical neoplasia or endometrial carcinoma were encountered, even after continuous use of the device for 15 years. Dysplastic cervical smears were, however, found in 45 postinsertional smears, and endometrial hyperplasia was detected in seven aspirates; in no cases was the dysplasia or hyperplasia higher than of moderate degree. Thirty‐nine of the 45 women with postinsertional dysplastic smears were followed for 3–4 yr; in no case did the lesion progress to a higher grade or to frank malignancy. However, persistence and recurrence of dysplasia were seen in 10 women, necessitating removal of the IUDs. The incidence of cervical dysplasia and endometrial hyperplasia was found to be much higher when the IUDs had been changed than when the original devices were worn continuously. The rate of removal of IUDs because of persistent or recurring dysplasia was also much higher in the former group. Since no pregnancies were reported in any of the women wearing the original device for as long as 15 yr, we do not advocate the practice of changing the device at the end of 3 yr for maintaining contraceptive efficacy as recommended by the manufacturers; instead, we recommend the uninterrupted retention of the original device for periods not longer than 5 yr in view of occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia in two 6‐yr wearers.
Role of culture for mycobacteria in fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis
Authors: Radhika S. , Gupta S. K. , Chakrabarti A. , Rajwanshi A. , Joshi K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 390 cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis was subjected to fine‐needle aspiration cytology; 100 of the aspirates were subjected to culture for mycobacteria. The overall acidfast bacilli (AFB) positivity in smears was 23.58%. with a maximum positivity of 32.94% in smears with both necrosis and granuloma. The overall rate of isolation of mycobacteria on culture was 35%. Mycobacteria were more frequently isolated from caseating lesions (40%) than noncaseating lesions (9%). Caseating lesions with granuloma had the highest AFB (smear and/or culture) positivity at 52%. Mycobacterium avium infection was diagnosed by culture in one case.
Aspiration cytology of neuroendocrine tumors below the diaphragm
Authors: Leiman Gladwyn , Mair Sharon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn a series of 630 transabdominal fine‐needle aspirates, 24 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) presenting below the diaphragm were encountered. Of these, 10 were classic small‐cell undifferentiated carcinomas (SCUCs). Recognition of SCUC in abdominal aspirates has major directive value, pointing to bronchogenic origin, possibly unsuspected, in most cases (eight of 10 in this series). The other 14 NETs were 10 pancreatic islet‐cell tumors and four intestinal carcinoids, both diagnosed more frequently in metastatic than in primary sites (10 of 14 in the liver in this series). The cytologic presentation of these non‐SCUC neoplasms has received little literature attention, and it is described and differtrated here, with discussion of cytologic pitfalls and differential diagnoses. Diagnostic specificity was 100%, and sensitivity was also 100%, exclusive of two sampling errors. The purpose of this article is to establish a broader view of the range of morphological features of the extended neuroendocrine group of tumors in aspiration cytology.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of postirradiation sarcomas, including angiosarcoma, with immunocytochemical confirmation
Authors: Silverman Jan F. , Lannin Donald L. , Larkin Ernest W. , Feldman Philip , Frable William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPostirradiation sarcomas are an unusual but well‐recognized late effect of cancer therapy. In this article, a fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) series of four cases is presented. There were three female patients and one male patient, with an age range of 28–55 yr (mean, 41). Two of the patients were irradiated for uterine cervical carcinoma while the other two received irradiation for malignant lymphoma. The time interval to the development of the postirradiation sarcoma ranged from 10 to greater than 20 yr. There were a postirradiation synovial sarcoma of the buttock region, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone (femur), and rhabdomyosarcoma and angiosarcoma of the retroperitoneum. A spectrum of cytologic findings was encountered, reflecting the specific types of sarcomas. Immunocytochemical studies performed on the aspirated material from the angiosarcoma demonstrated the utility of immunoperoxidase stains for ULEX europaeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I) and, to a lesser degree, factor VIII‐related antigen antibody, confirming the vascular nature of this malignancy. The FNA findings from all four cases demonstrated cytologic features that allowed recognition of this unusual complication of irradiation treatment. This article confirms the utility of FNA cytology in following patients with previous malignancies and differentiating a postirradiation sarcoma from recurrent carcinoma.
Sarcoidosis diagnosed on fine‐needle aspiration cytology of salivary glands: A report of three cases
Authors: Aggarwal Anand Prakash , Jayaram Gita , Mandal Ashish Kumar 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree female patients, two presenting with bilateral parotid gland enlargement and one with bilateral submandibular gland enlargement, were subjected to fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Smears showed noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas with or without giant cells and salivary gland acini with varying degrees of degenerative changes. After excluding other granulomatous lesions, sarcoidosis was suggested and was subsequently proved in all three cases. FNAC, therefore, may be considered a useful diagnostic modality in cases of sarcoidosis presenting primarily with head and neck involvement.
Diffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis of the temporomandibular joint diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Dawiskiba Sigmund , Eriksson Lars , Elner Åke , Johansen Carl Christian , Hansson Lars‐Göran , Westesson Per‐Lennart 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDiffuse pigmented villonodular synovitis is a rare tumor in the temporomandibular joint region. This article deals with a 32‐yr‐old male who suffered from pain and swelling in the right temporomandibular joint region associated with restricted mouth opening. Computed tomography showed a tumor lateral to the temporomandibular joint. Arthrography revealed a displaced temporomandibular joint disk. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology showed characteristic cellular changes, including rounded or oval cells with abundant cytoplasm and intracytoplasmatic hemosiderin deposits and numerous multinucleated giant cells without nuclear atypia. A benign mesenchymal lesion suggestive for pigmented villonodular synovitis was diagnosed and later verified at histologic examination. Fineneedle aspiration cytology seems to be useful for this diagnosis.
Development and application of immunocytochemical staining techniques: A review
Authors: Myers Joseph D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSince the field of immunocytochemistry was pioneered almost half a century ago, over 30 different immunostaining methods have been developed. Most laboratory investigators, however, are aware of only a few of the more popular techniques. This article, therefore, reviews and places in historical perspective many of the less common methodologies. A discussion of the progression of immunostaining methodology from purely immunologic techniques (employing only antigens, antibodies, and free enzymatic preparations) to procedures that use nonimmunologic substances (such as avidin, biotin, and protein A) is presented. Basic principles of immunostaining, including specimen preparation, fixation, control procedures, interpretation, and problems unique to cytopathology, are also discussed. Schematic diagrams that illustrate the nature and arrangement of the immunochemical reagents employed in most of these techniques are provided in order to demonstrate how various materials can be combined to create a desired staining effect.