bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐Area Fabrication of Porous Graphene Networks on Carbon Fabric via Millisecond Photothermal Processing of Polyaniline for Supercapacitors
Authors: Bhardwaj Ayush , Okoroanyanwu Uzodinma , Pagaduan James Nicolas , Fan Wei , Watkins James J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSupercapacitors demonstrate promising potential for flexible, multi‐functional energy storage devices; however, their widespread adoption is confronted by fabrication challenges. To access a combination of desirable device qualities such as flexibility, lightweight, structural stability, and enhanced electrochemical performance, carbon fiber (CF) can be utilized as a current collector, alongside graphene as an electrochemically active material. Yet achieving a cost‐effective, large‐scale graphene production, particularly on CF, remains challenging. Here, a rapid (<1 min) photothermal approach is developed for the large‐scale production of graphene directly onto CF, utilizing polyaniline (PANI) as a polymer precursor. The in situ electropolymerization of PANI on CF facilitates its rapid synthesis on large areas, followed by conversion into graphene networks, enabling the binder‐free fabrication of supercapacitor devices. These devices exhibit an areal capacitance of 180 mF cm−2 (at 2 mA cm−2 in 1 m H2SO4), an order of magnitude higher than other fabric‐based devices. Moreover, the devised photothermal strategy allows for one‐step preparation of supercapacitor devices on areas exceeding 100 cm−2, yielding an absolute areal capacitance of 4.5 F. The proportional increase in capacitance with device area facilitates scaling and indicates the commercial viability of this approach for low‐cost, energy‐efficient, and high‐throughput production of lightweight, high‐performance graphene‐based multi‐functional supercapacitor devices.
Differentiated instruction for English learners: Teachers' understanding and practices
Authors: Shafiei Rezvani Nejad Hamed 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe increase in the English learner (EL) student population in the United States and these students' placement in U.S. public schools have created high priority demands to address their language and learning needs. General education teachers, however, are often unprepared or underprepared to work with ELs, with limited knowledge and expertise to integrate differentiated instruction (DI) for them. This study examined two elementary teachers' understanding of differentiated instructional practices for EL students in a mainstream setting. Employing qualitative methods and following inductive data analytic processes, the study examined what these elementary teachers say facilitates DI for ELs. The researcher used semi‐structured individual interviews, a joint interview, and photo elicitation as the primary sources of data collection, and documents such as teachers' differentiated lesson plans and statements of teaching philosophy as secondary data sources. Findings revealed that a caring relationship between the teacher and ELs was essential and played a key role in student learning. By building caring relationships, the teachers learned about their EL students' needs and their interests and used that knowledge to implement DI for these students. Furthermore, teachers' proficiency in a language other than English and their metalinguistic awareness to bridge between one language and the other guided the teachers' differentiated instructional practices for their ELs.
Navigating the metaverse: A technical review of emerging virtual worlds
Authors: Herath H. M. K. K. M. B. , Mittal Mamta , Kataria Aman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe metaverse, a burgeoning virtual reality realm, has garnered substantial attention owing to its multifaceted applications. Rapid advancements and widespread acceptance of metaverse technologies have birthed a dynamic and intricate digital landscape. As various platforms, virtual worlds, and social networks within the metaverse increase, there is a growing imperative for a comprehensive analysis of its implications across societal, technological, and business dimensions. Notably, existing review studies have, for the past decade, primarily overlooked a metaverse‐based multidomain approach. A meticulous examination encompassing 207 research studies delves into the technological innovation of the metaverse, elucidating its future trajectory and ethical imperatives. Additionally, the article introduces the term “MetaWarria” to conceptualize potential conflicts arising from metaverse dynamics. The study discerns that healthcare (45%) and education (22%) are pivotal sectors steering metaverse developments, while the entertainment sector (9%) reshapes the corporate landscape. Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a 9% role in enhancing the metaverse's marketing and user experience. Security, privacy, and policy concerns (11%) are addressed due to escalating threats, yielding practical solutions. The analysis underscores the metaverse's profound influence (57%) on the digital realm, a phenomenon accelerated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. The article culminates in contemplating the metaverse's role in future warfare and national security, introducing “MetaWarria” as a conceptual framework for such discussions.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Health Care
Application Areas > Science and Technology
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Human Centricity and User Interaction
Mathematical modeling of Cross‐fluid model in a peristaltic channel with viscous dissipation and MHD effects
Authors: Sadaf Hina , Asghar Zeeshan , Ijaz Shagufta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this analysis, Cross‐fluid model along wall properties is investigated. Impact of the magneto‐hydrodynamic on the non‐Newtonian model is also considered. Numerical algorithm MATLAB bvp4c function is adopted for the solution of coupled nonlinear equations along long‐wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations. Viscous dissipation phenomena are counter to discuss the energy possession during flow. Fluid velocity and stream lines for the flow are also precisely determined in this analysis. The various parameters that influence the physical characteristics of flow are plotted through the graph, and their effects are discussed in detail. From the conclusions, the consequence of the flow model parameters is found to be substantial and also noted that the present model has the potential applications to comprehend the bile conduit drive via bladder, gallstones, and blood flow features in living organisms in a much better way than prior.
Data and Methodology in the Twitter EP2019 Analysis
Authors: Palonen Emilia , Sibinescu Laura , Koljonen Juha , Herkman Juha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe chapter introduces the data collection process and methods used in the study. The main dataset was assembled form material collected from seven EU countries that represented so-called Twitter countries during the 2019 EP elections: the Netherlands, Germany, Finland, Italy, Spain, Ireland and the UK. The countries cover the South-North and Centre-Periphery dimensions in Europe and adequately follow the system models of politics and media devised by Hallin and Mancini. The data were gathered in real time during the EP election campaign in May 2019, based on hashtags. Two datasets were collected: raw data comprising 1,552,674 tweets from 222,169 accounts from all 27 EU countries covering all actors participating the campaign discussions, and a more selective main database of 49,492 tweets belonging to 2512 politically affiliated accounts in the seven above-mentioned countries. The raw data were used in computational topic modelling to find the timeline of various topics, and how they relate to each other. The computational and manual word frequency analysis of the main data was used to figure the themes favoured by various political actors in specific countries, and a network analysis was carried out to map the activities of these tweeters and their relationships. In addition, the chapter shows the methodological particularities in each country and discusses the 2019 EP elections as a specific context for the study.
The Cost of Forest Fires: A Socioeconomic Analysis
Authors: Poduška Zoran , Stajić Snežana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter aims to show the phenomenon of forest fires from socioeconomic aspects to present the readers with a new perspective. We start from the assumption that fire in forest ecosystems has a positive and negative impact, which can be represented by an appropriate valuation system. The basis for such an assumption was found in the paradox of fire (in natural ecosystems), which has had human attention from the very beginning of the human population. From early views on social dependence on fire to a modern perspective, that fire is a catastrophic phenomenon in nature. Today, it can be assumed that our valuation system is set at a point where fire harms nature. This tacit acceptance has become commonplace in fire reporting where the importance of fire in removing biomass especially coniferous stands, maintaining open spaces for grazing and hunting, reducing catastrophic wildfires, in carbon balance and water regulation or scientific knowledge is almost completely omitted. Contemporary streams in nature and forest science and practice point out that fire is an ecosystem service providing many services with trade-offs between fire prevention and the provision of ecosystem services. Here, we explain why fire in natural ecosystems become relevant for science after the eighties. We present that the extent of fire damage is more than 0.012% of Worlds GDP in this decade. Major socioeconomic driving factors of forest fires are presented too. The chapter presents examples of ecosystem services and economic impacts provided by wildfires.
The Mediatization of the Resilience Frame: A New Understanding of Wildfires in the Spanish Mainstream Media (2017–2021)
Authors: Castelló Enric 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis book chapter offers a media frame analysis on forest fires in the Spanish mainstream media. Three of the most important newspapers are studied in relation to the presence of two media frames: the suppression frame and the resilience frame. After inspecting news and opinion pieces about wildfires during the last five years (2017–2021), the author identifies that the resilience frame is gaining prominence in the media. This interpretative frame emphasizes a discourse of climate change and management transition in which the need of new policies and measures are at the centre of the story, as opposed to the suppression frame treatment of fire as a “fight” or even a “war”. The chapter ends by pointing out some challenges that this resilience frame confronts in the face of a mediatization of wildfires and an increasing presence of specialized sources pointing out the complexities of fires in a more reflective manner.
Socioeconomic Impacts and Regional Drivers of Fire Management: The Case of Portugal
Authors: Parente Joana , Tonini Marj , Amraoui Malik , Pareira Mário 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWildfires are uncontrolled and unwanted fires that usually occur in forested/rural areas and burn forests, agricultural areas, and wildlands. Land abandonment, with the consequent growth of the rural–urban interface, increases the exposure and vulnerability of fire-prone regions around the World. In the last two decades, Europe experienced a high number of wildfires causing large burnt areas mainly concentrated in the Mediterranean Basin. This high fire incidence seems to be the result of human activities including land use/land cover changes, but also of climate variability and change. In the present study, we analyse the current situation in Portugal, which is the European country with the highest total number of wildfires and the second-highest total burnt area. The spatial and temporal variability of the wildfires within the country is very heterogeneous, due to the human and biophysical drivers. In this regard, four main aspects are considered and discussed: (1) the spatial and temporal distribution of wildfires in mainland Portugal; (2) the main human and biophysical fire drivers; (3) socioeconomic impacts; and (4) the main strategies for fire risk mapping and management. The main results indicate high spatial heterogeneity of the fire incidence, with higher fire activity in the northern region than the southern region, mainly promoted by a higher irregular topography and significantly different types of climate and land use/land cover characteristics. We highlight how fire incidence is strongly dependent on many biophysical and human factors/drivers and the direct and indirect socioeconomic impacts of wildfires. Methodologies and indexes developed by Portuguese authorities to map fire risk and assess fire danger are described. The elements discussed in this chapter result from research and lessons learned in recent years on the fire regime in Portugal and Europe. These findings can contribute to improving forest, landscape, and fire management, in Mediterranean European countries which share similar characteristics.
Evaluation of the Use of Direct Seeding System Instead of Stubble Burning as a Main Cause of Possible Wildfire
Authors: Yakupoglu Tugrul , Dindaroglu Turgay , Akarsubasi Osman , Rodrigo-Comino Jesús , Cerdà Artemi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn today’s world, despite the advent of new technologies and advances in telecommunications to demonstrate the negative impacts of fire, wildfires continue to pose one of the most life-threatening challenges to natural and human ecosystems. Recent records confirm that forest fires can grow and lead to significant blazes during the stubble burning process practiced by farmers. In Turkey, for instance, stubble burning accounts for 184 out of 2,698 registered forest fires. Stubble burning brings with it numerous associated environmental problems. This chapter explores whether the direct seeding (DS) system, an environmentally friendly practice that supports sustainable agriculture in lieu of stubble burning, can serve as a viable alternative. The study includes various applications related to DS in Yozgat, Turkey, situated in Central Anatolia. This region is characterized by a semiarid climate that relies on rainfed agriculture. After implementing DS for three years, farmers witnessed substantial increases in yield, although these improvements may vary depending on various factors. Qualitatively, it is evident that farmer impatience plays a pivotal role in driving the adoption of DS techniques. To mitigate the risk of wildfires caused by stubble burning, there is an urgent need for more comprehensive farmer education programs on DS. Widespread adoption of DS could ultimately eliminate the threat posed by stubble burning-induced wildfires.
A Review of Explanations for the Boom
Authors: O’Malley Eoin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe first section of this chapter presents a survey of the literature that has aimed to explain what caused the boom. It aims to discuss virtually all the economic explanations that have been put forward. These include fiscal stabilisation, tax cuts, delayed or belated convergence, strong demand growth in export markets, supply of labour, education, the single European market, EU structural funds, social partnership, foreign direct investment, the small/regional nature of the economy, Irish indigenous industry and some other explanations. The second section undertakes a preliminary assessment of the suggested explanations, arguing that some of them are not very convincing and that it will not be necessary to consider them further, whereas the others will call for further consideration and assessment in later chapters. The suggested explanations that remain for later consideration as potentially significant causes of the boom are strong demand growth in export markets, foreign direct investment, the single European market, education for fast-growing industries, the small/regional nature of the economy, Irish indigenous industry, EU structural funds and social partnership.
Irish Indigenous Companies
Authors: O’Malley Eoin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere was a substantial improvement in the growth of indigenous manufacturing in the late 1980s and early 1990s, but its performance became unsatisfactory later. In indigenous services, there was also a significant improvement and the trends mostly remained better for longer. New industrial policy measures were partly responsible for the improvement. There was success at first in promoting the growth of SMEs, particularly in the high-tech and medium–high-tech sectors, and in enhancing R&D and innovation. However, the growth momentum tended to weaken later as many successful companies were taken over by foreign MNCs. The indigenous contribution to net foreign earnings was much greater than it appeared to be when seen in terms of exports, and this was especially true for indigenous services, but the indigenous contribution to growth over the whole course of the boom was still significantly less than that of foreign-owned companies. However, the indigenous contribution was particularly important in the late 1980s and again in the 2000s. The improvement in indigenous industry was probably the key change that started the boom in the late 1980s.
The End of the Boom
Authors: O’Malley Eoin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe boom ended in 2007. Although export growth slowed down as early as 2000, that trend was not very serious for the economy because the growth of net foreign earnings did not slow down, due to the changing sectoral composition of exports. The growth of net foreign earnings slowed down eventually in 2005, primarily because foreign-owned manufacturing companies stopped growing. This would probably have brought an end to the boom in the economy were it not for the housing boom. The housing boom and its associated financial inflows kept the economic boom going for another couple of years. The housing boom ended in the collapse of the construction sector and ultimately the banks, with disastrous consequences for the economy. The Irish housing boom and slump was not a unique occurrence involving uniquely aberrant behaviour since other housing booms and slumps had occurred in many countries. However, the Irish case had more severe consequences than most such booms, partly because the Irish housing boom lasted so long and partly because a major international recession and financial crisis exacerbated the consequences of Ireland’s housing boom.
Einleitung
Authors: Tkotzyk Vanessa 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDiese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Migrationsverhalten und dem Zustand der Integration der dauerhaft ansässigen Japanerinnen und Japaner in Deutschland. Im einleitenden Teil erfolgt zunächst die Hinführung zum Thema sowie die Erläuterung des Problemhintergrundes. Aus der anschließenden Darlegung des Forschungsstandes gehen die Ziele dieser Arbeit hervor, die im folgenden Kapitel ebenso wie der Aufbau der Arbeit dargelegt werden.
Diskussion
Authors: Tkotzyk Vanessa 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungAn dieser Stelle werden die Ergebnisse der Interviewauswertung aus dem vorherigen Kapitel in Hinblick auf die Fragestellung dieser Arbeit, inwieweit die japanischen permanent Ansässigen in die deutsche Gesellschaft integriert sind, interpretiert und in Verbindung mit der Theorie gesetzt. Dabei werden zunächst die einzelnen Indikatoren der vier Integrationsdimensionen betrachtet, wobei zur Beurteilung der Integration der befragten Personen in die jeweiligen Indikatoren die in Abschnitt 4.4.3 dargelegten Regeln herangezogen werden. Durch den qualitativen Ansatz dieser Studie gingen allerdings weitere Erkenntnisse hervor, auf deren Grundlage einige Indikatoren kritisch diskutiert werden können.
On the modular isomorphism problem for groups with center of index at most $$p^3$$
Authors: Brenner Sofia , García-Lucas Diego 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLet p be an odd prime number. We show that the modular isomorphism problem has a positive answer for finite p-groups whose center has index $$p^3$$

p
3

, which is a strong contrast to the analogous situation for $$p = 2$$

p
=
2

.
The role of risk management orientation and the planning function of budgeting in enhancing organizational resilience and its effect on competitive advantages during times of crises
Authors: Eichholz Julia , Hoffmann Nicole , Schwering Anja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobal economic crises can have a significant impact on businesses across different sectors, often leading to difficulties or even insolvency. In such a situation, organizational resilience is often considered a means to ensure the competitive advantage. Although the concept has gained popularity in recent years, empirical research on the determinants and effects of organizational resilience remains scarce. Therefore, we first examine the potential management accounting determinants of organizational resilience. Second, we investigate the effect of organizational resilience on competitive advantage. A cross-sectional survey conducted in January and February 2021 resulted in 127 observations of medium- and large-sized German companies. We find that a risk management orientation and the importance of the planning function of budgeting are positively associated with both the adaptive capability factor and the planning factor of organizational resilience. Furthermore, we find that adaptive capability increases a company’s competitive advantage in both business-as-usual situations and in times of crisis. Our findings inform practitioners about how key management accounting concepts, such as risk management and corporate planning, can increase organizational resilience and, consequently, the positive outcomes of organizational resilience.
circFTO from M2 macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV) enhances NSCLC malignancy by regulation miR-148a-3pPDK4 axis
Authors: Liu Qingtao , Xu Pei , Jin Mingming , Wang Lei , Hu Fengqing , Yang Qi , Bi Rui , Xiao Haibo , Jiang Lianyong , Ding Fangbao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Accumulation studies found that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a predominant cell in tumor microenvironment (TME), which function essentially during tumor progression. By releasing bioactive molecules, including circRNA, small extracellular vesicles (sEV) modulate immune cell functions in the TME, thereby affecting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression. Nevertheless, biology functions and molecular mechanisms of M2 macrophage-derived sEV circRNAs in NSCLC are unclear.

Methods
Cellular experiments were conducted to verify the M2 macrophage-derived sEV (M2-EV) roles in NSCLC. Differential circRNA expression in M0 and M2-EV was validated by RNA sequencing. circFTO expression in NSCLC patients and cells was investigated via real-time PCR and FISH. The biological mechanism of circFTO in NSCLC was validated by experiments. Our team isolated sEV from M2 macrophages (M2Ms) and found that M2-EV treatment promoted NSCLC CP, migration, and glycolysis.

Results
High-throughput sequencing found that circFTO was highly enriched in M2-EV. FISH and RT-qPCR confirmed that circFTO expression incremented in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Clinical studies confirmed that high circFTO expression correlated negatively with NSCLC patient survival. Luciferase reporter analysis confirmed that miR-148a-3p and PDK4 were downstream targets of circFTO. circFTO knockdown inhibited NSCLC cell growth and metastasis in in vivo experiments. Downregulating miR-148a-3p or overexpressing PDK4 restored the malignancy of NSCLC, including proliferation, migration, and aerobic glycolysis after circFTO silencing.

Conclusion
The study found that circFTO from M2-EV promoted NSCLC cell progression and glycolysis through miR-148a-3p/PDK4 axis. circFTO is a promising prognostic and diagnostic NSCLC biomarker and has the potential to be a candidate NSCLC therapy target.