bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depth of Invasion Assessment in Laryngeal Glottic Carcinoma: A Preoperative Imaging Approach for Prognostication
Authors: Filauro Marta , Caprioli Simone , Lovino Camerino Paola , Sampieri Claudio , Conforti Cristina , Iandelli Andrea , Benzi Pietro , Gabella Giulia , bellini Elisa , Mora Francesco , Cittadini Giuseppe , Peretti Giorgio , Marchi Filippo 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe prognostic value of depth of invasion (DOI) in oral squamous cell cancer carcinoma and cutaneous melanoma is well established, while there is a lack of reports investigating the role of DOI in laryngeal cancer. This study aims to explore the association of glottic cancer DOI with other established pathological risk factors and nodal metastasis and evaluate the feasibility of measuring DOI preoperatively using tomographic imaging.MethodsThe medical records of glottic cancer patients treated between 2015 and 2020 in a single tertiary referral center were screened retrospectively. Pathologically measured DOI (pDOI) value was also reviewed and registered. Preoperative computer tomography (CT) was used to obtain the radiological DOI (rDOI) measured by two dedicated radiologists. Their inter‐rated agreement was assessed and the correlation between pDOI and rDOI was calculated. pDOI association with the main pathology report features was assessed with univariable analysis. Cox univariable and multivariable models were used to explore the role of pDOI on survival.ResultsNinety‐one patients had pDOI data available, of which 59 also had rDOI data. A strong concordance between the two radiologists was found (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.96); rDOI and pDOI were highly and significantly correlated (R = 0.85; p < 0.001). pDOI was significantly higher in patients with perineural invasion (PNI; p < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI; p < 0.001), and nodal metastasis (p < 0.001). pDOI was associated with disease‐free survival at univariable analysis (p = 0.04) while it did not show a significant impact (p = 0.10) at multivariable analysis.ConclusionGlottic carcinoma DOI correlates with PNI, LVI, and nodal metastasis and it can be reliably assessed in a preoperative setting using CT imaging.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:3230–3237, 2024
Ergonomic‐Centric Holography: Optimizing Realism, Immersion, and Comfort for Holographic Display
Authors: Shi Liang , Ryu DongHun , Matusik Wojciech 
Published: February 2024

AbstractErgonomic‐centric holography is introduced, an algorithmic framework that simultaneously optimizes for realistic incoherent defocus, unrestricted pupil movements in the eye box, and high‐order diffractions for filtering‐free holography. The proposed method outperforms prior algorithms on holographic display prototypes operating in unfiltered and pupil‐mimicking modes, offering the potential to enhance next‐generation virtual and augmented reality experiences.
Toward Sustainable Fiber‐Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Elser Iris , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFiber‐reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) are versatile materials with applications in diverse fields such as transportation, construction, and electronics. With the composites market expected to reach 15.5 Mt by 2026, increasing the sustainability of FRPCs is imperative. The main factors driving the sustainability of FRPCs, namely end‐of‐life management and recyclability, the use of natural, bio‐based, and sustainable materials, as well as biodegradability and product simplification are presented and discussed.
Neuroenergetic Changes in Patients with X‐Linked Dystonia‐Parkinsonism and Female Carriers
Authors: Prasuhn Jannik , Henkel Julia , Algodon Shela Marie , Uter Jan , Rosales Raymond L. , Klein Christine , Steinhardt Julia , Diesta Cid C. , Brüggemann Norbert 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundX‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism (XDP) is a rare movement disorder characterized by profound neurodegeneration in the basal ganglia. The molecular consequences and the bioenergetic state of affected individuals remain largely unexplored.ObjectivesTo investigate the bioenergetic state in male patients with XDP and female carriers using 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging and to correlate these findings with clinical manifestations.MethodsWe examined the levels of high‐energy phosphorus‐containing metabolites (HEP) in the basal ganglia and cerebellum of five male patients with XDP, 10 asymptomatic female heterozygous carriers, and 10 SVA‐insertion‐free controls.ResultsHEP levels were reduced in the basal ganglia of patients with XDP (PwXDP) compared to controls, but increased in the cerebellum of both male patients and female carriers.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a potential compensatory mechanism in the cerebellum of female carriers regardless of sex. Our study highlights alterations in HEP levels in PwXDP patients and female carriers.
Primary study of the relative and compound biological effectiveness model for boron neutron capture therapy based on nanodosimetry
Authors: Mao Haijun , Zhang Hui , Luo Ying , Yang Jingfen , Liu Yinuo , Zhang Shichao , Chen Weiqiang , Li Qiang , Dai Zhongying 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe current radiobiological model employed for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatment planning, which relies on microdosimetry, fails to provide an accurate representation the biological effects of BNCT. The precision in calculating the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and compound biological effectiveness (CBE) plays a pivotal role in determining the therapeutic efficacy of BNCT. Therefore, this study focuses on how to improve the accuracy of the biological effects of BNCT.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose new radiation biology models based on nanodosimetry to accurately assess RBE and CBE for BNCT.MethodsNanodosimetry, rooted in ionization cluster size distributions (ICSD), introduces a novel approach to characterize radiation quality by effectively delineating RBE through the ion track structure at the nanoscale. In the context of prior research, this study presents a computational model for the nanoscale assessment of RBE and CBE. We establish a simplified model of DNA chromatin fiber using the Monte Carlo code TOPAS‐nBio to evaluate the applicability of ICSD to BNCT and compute nanodosimetric parameters.ResultsOur investigation reveals that both homogeneous and heterogeneous nanodosimetric parameters, as well as the corresponding biological model coefficients α and β, along with RBE values, exhibit variations in response to varying intracellular 10B concentrations. Notably, the nanodosimetric parameter effectively captures the fluctuations in model coefficients α and RBE.ConclusionOur model facilitates a nanoscale analysis of BNCT, enabling predictions of nanodosimetric quantities for secondary ions as well as RBE, CBE, and other essential biological metrics related to the distribution of boron. This contribution significantly enhances the precision of RBE calculations and holds substantial promise for future applications in treatment planning.
Perceived usefulness of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship in the rehabilitation journey of people with urinary incontinence: A mixed‐method study
Authors: Terzoni Stefano , Mora Cristina , Vahr Lauridssen Susanne , N'Guessan Serge , Sighinolfi Maria Chiara , Gaia Giorgia , Rocco Bernardo , Afonina Margarita , Maruccia Serena , Pinna Barbara , Parozzi Mauro , Ferrara Paolo , Destrebecq Anne , Marley Jerome 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionDespite various studies on the impact of incontinence on patients' lives, the existing literature has not investigated the contribution of nursing care during rehabilitation in terms of quality of life. Fewer data, therefore, exist on the characteristics and perceived impact of the therapeutic relationship as part of the rehabilitation program.AimsTo investigate the characteristics of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship and its impact throughout the rehabilitation program; to describe the levels of patient burden on everyday activities.Materials and MethodsA monocentric, retrospective, multimethod descriptive study was conducted in the nurse‐led continence clinic of a major teaching hospital in Northern Italy. A phenomenological approach with semistructured interviews was adopted after 6 weeks of rehabilitation, following the method of phenomenological enquiry by Giorgi. The short form 12 questionnaire was administered upon admission of patients to the clinic, after 6 weeks, and during the last consultation to investigate the impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on daily activities and physical and psychological quality of life.ResultsNinety‐one adult patients of both genders presenting for nonneurogenic nonpostpartum UI were consecutively enrolled. Physical scores (PCS‐12) and MCS‐12 scores significantly increased over time. Psychological scores showed great variability upon admission, which was reduced halfway through the rehabilitation program. The thematic analysis highlighted four categories based on data saturation: the impact of UI on daily activities, strategies to face the problem, feelings, and the role of nurses.ConclusionsThis mixed‐method investigation suggests the importance of therapeutic nursing relationships, clinical expertise, and rehabilitative skills. Quality of life is arguably related to the positive results of the rehabilitation program but also to the environment, patients perceive in terms of support, honesty, and trust.
Influence of vinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane with different functionalities and cage structures on the mechanical properties and ablation resistance of EPDM composites
Authors: Wang Shumeng , Ma Xutao , Ma Xiaoyan , Wang Jian , Zhang Zongwu , Niu Zhaoqi , Xu Peidong , Hou Xiao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractFour vinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with different functionalities and cage structures, monovinyl‐POSS (monov‐POSS), divinyl‐POSS (div‐POSS), trivinyl‐POSS (triv‐POSS), and tetravinyl‐POSS (tetrav‐POSS) were prepared and blended into fiber‐reinforced ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM—EPDM/AF) in the form of chemical cross‐linking to obtain four modified composites with various cross‐linked network structures and cage structures to investigate the influences and improvement of cross‐linking network and cage structures on the mechanical, thermal stability and ablation resistance of EPDM/AF. The results showed that the POSS of multi‐functionality with small steric hindrance, such as tetrafunctional tetrav‐POSS, can most significantly improve mechanical properties of EPDM/AF by forming denser crosslinking network structures, and the tensile strength and elongation at break of EPDM/AF/tetrav‐POSS can be increased 73.3% and 42.1% compared with EPDM/AF, respectively. POSS that has a complete cage structure and enables the modified composites to obtain a relatively dense cross‐linked network structure, such as difunctional div‐POSS can more substantially enhance the thermal stability and ablative resistance of EPDM/AF with the LAR and MAR of EPDM/AF/div‐POSS reduced by 25.2% and 10.5% compared to EPDM/AF, respectively. High‐temperature thermal transition of four modified composites at gradient temperatures was investigated to explain the relationship between the structure of POSS and ablation properties.Highlights
Four POSS with different functionalities and cage structures were designed.
Mechanical and ablative properties were reinforced by four vinyl POSS.
Multifunctional POSS can most significantly improve mechanical properties.
Functionality and cage structure together influence ablative property.
High‐temperature thermal transition of modified composites was investigated
Missed opportunities in postpartum contraception: Bridging the gaps for patients who deliver at Catholic hospitals in Illinois
Authors: Boulware Angel , Wascher Jocelyn , Wong Zarina , Hasselbacher Lee , Chen Jessica , Freedman Lori , Stulberg Debra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionCatholic hospitals' religious restrictions limit postpartum contraceptive care and reproductive counselling. This qualitative study explores opportunities for patients and providers to ensure access to desired postpartum contraception care.MethodsWe interviewed people who had obstetric experiences in Illinois Catholic hospitals: 21 patients and 23 providers, including clinicians, doulas, nurses, and maternal health home visitors. We transcribed interviews and coded transcripts then used a thematic content approach for analysis. To guide future interventions, we sought interviewees' perspectives on opportunities to improve postpartum contraceptive care for patients affected by these restrictions.ResultsPatients delivered in Catholic hospitals for varied reasons unrelated to religious affiliation and were generally unaware of limits on access to contraception. Some providers offered referrals or workarounds for some contraceptive methods. The majority of providers described the importance of initiating contraceptive counselling during the prenatal period, but few patients reported receiving comprehensive contraceptive counselling during this time. Patients who received contraceptive counselling often had these experiences with doulas and maternal health home visitors who were not affiliated with religious health centres.ConclusionContraceptive counselling in the prenatal period can be a particularly helpful tool for patients delivering in hospitals that limit access to postpartum contraception, particularly in Catholic hospitals. Prenatal counselling can support advance planning if a patient needs to transfer or seek care outside their preferred health system. Where counselling and referrals are prohibited by religious restrictions, doulas and other maternal health home visitors can bridge gaps and support patient decision‐making and navigation to receive postpartum contraceptive care.
A hierarchical, multi‐sensor framework for peatland sub‐class and vegetation mapping throughout the Canadian boreal forest
Authors: Pontone Nicholas , Millard Koreen , Thompson Dan K. , Guindon Luc , Beaudoin André 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPeatlands in the Canadian boreal forest are being negatively impacted by anthropogenic climate change, the effects of which are expected to worsen. Peatland types and sub‐classes vary in their ecohydrological characteristics and are expected to have different responses to climate change. Large‐scale modelling frameworks such as the Canadian Model for Peatlands, the Canadian Fire Behaviour Prediction System and the Canadian Land Data Assimilation System require peatland maps including information on sub‐types and vegetation as critical inputs. Additionally, peatland class and vegetation height are critical variables for wildlife habitat management and are related to the carbon cycle and wildfire fuel loading. This research aimed to create a map of peatland sub‐classes (bog, poor fen, rich fen permafrost peat complex) for the Canadian boreal forest and create an inventory of peatland vegetation height characteristics using ICESat‐2. A three‐stage hierarchical classification framework was developed to map peatland sub‐classes within the Canadian boreal forest circa 2020. Training and validation data consisted of peatland locations derived from various sources (field data, aerial photo interpretation, measurements documented in literature). A combination of multispectral data, L‐band SAR backscatter and C‐Band interferometric SAR coherence, forest structure and ancillary variables was used as model predictors. Ancillary data were used to mask agricultural areas and urban regions and account for regions that may exhibit permafrost. In the first stage of the classification, wetlands, uplands and water were classified with 86.5% accuracy. In the second stage, within the wetland areas only, peatland and mineral wetlands were differentiated with 93.3% accuracy. In the third stage, constrained to only the peatland areas, bogs, rich fens, poor fens and permafrost peat complexes were classified with 71.5% accuracy. Then, ICESat‐2 ATL08 spaceborne lidar data were used to describe regional variations in peatland vegetation height characteristics and regional and class‐wise variations based on a boreal forest wide sample. This research introduced a comprehensive large‐scale peatland sub‐class mapping framework for the Canadian boreal forest, presenting the first moderate resolution map of its kind.
Aggregated time‐series features boost species‐specific differentiation of true and false positives in passive acoustic monitoring of bird assemblages
Authors: Singer David , Hagge Jonas , Kamp Johannes , Hondong Hermann , Schuldt Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring (PAM) has gained increasing popularity to study behaviour, habitat preferences, distribution and community assembly of birds and other animals. Automated species classification algorithms like ‘BirdNET’ are capable of detecting and classifying avian vocalizations within extensive audio data, covering entire species assemblages. PAM reveals substantial potential for biodiversity monitoring that informs evidence‐based conservation. Nevertheless, fully realizing this potential remains challenging, especially due to the issue of false‐positive species detections. Here, we introduce an optimized thresholding framework, which incorporates contextual information extracted from the time‐series of automated species detections (i.e. covariates on quality and quantity of species' detections measured at varying time intervals) to improve the differentiation of true and false positives. We verified a sample of BirdNET detections per species and modelled species‐specific thresholds using conditional inference trees. These thresholds were designed to minimize false‐positive detections while maximizing the preservation of true positives in the dataset. We tested this framework for a large dataset of BirdNET detections (5760 h of audio data, 60 sites) recorded over an entire breeding season. Our results revealed considerable interspecific variability of precision (percentage of true positives) within raw BirdNET data. Our optimized thresholding approach achieved high precision (≥0.9) for 70% of the 61 detected species, while species‐specific thresholds solely relying on the BirdNET confidence scores achieved high precision for only 31% of the species. Conservative universal thresholds (not species‐specific) reached high precision for 48% of the species. Our thresholding approach outperformed previous thresholding approaches and enhanced interspecific comparability for bird community analyses. By incorporating contextual information from the time‐series of species detections, the differentiation of true and false positives was substantially improved. Our approach may enhance a straightforward application of PAM in biodiversity research, landscape planning and evidence‐based conservation.
Visual evaluation of soil structure is a reliable method to detect changes in the soil quality of Colombian Amazon pasturelands
Authors: Mora‐Motta Dúber , Llanos‐Cabrera Maria P. , Chavarro‐Bermeo Juan P. , Ortíz‐Morea Fausto A. , Silva‐Olaya Adriana M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) is an affordable and easy‐to‐use method for assessing soil quality that could help in the early detection of soil quality changes in pasturelands of less developed countries where ranchers cannot afford quantitative soil studies. Here, we assessed the soil quality of three pasture areas in the Colombian Amazon region using the VESS method and tested its suitability through a correlation analysis with key physical and biochemical soil indicators of quality measured at the same study locations. Moreover, by integrating all assessed soil indicators, we determined a soil quality index (SQI) to correlate with VESS scores. A forest area was used as a reference to evaluate changes in soil indicators and soil quality due to pasture use for >25 years. Our results revealed high VESS scores, indicating poor soil quality in pasture areas and suggesting a compaction process that starts at 6.5 cm soil depth, corroborated by increases in soil bulk density, soil resistance to penetration, and reduction in soil porosity. Soil C and N contents were 35% and 33% lower in pasture than forest. This same pattern was observed in the geometric mean of the enzymatic activity. The VESS scores were significantly correlated with most of physical and biochemical soil indicators and with the overall SQI, demonstrating the ability of VESS to integrate and reflect attributes related to the essential physical, chemical, and biological functioning of soils from the Colombian Amazon region, becoming a useful tool for detecting signs of soil quality degradation in pasturelands.
Influence of woodchip size and nitrogen fertilization on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended with orchard biomass
Authors: Gao Suduan , Hendratna Aileen , Thao Touyee , Culumber Catherine Mae , Poret‐Peterson Amisha T. , Zuber Cameron A. T. , Holtz Brent A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIncorporating large amounts of woody biomass into soil, such as in whole orchard recycling (WOR), can promote carbon sequestration, nutrient recycling, and ecosystem health in agricultural fields. Yet uncertainty regarding the effects of WOR on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics influences management decisions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of woodchip (WC) size and interaction with N fertilization on carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. An 8‐month incubation experiment incorporating WC (4% w/w, equivalent to ∼40 tons per acre) in four sieved sizes (0.2–1.6, 1.6–3.2, 3.2–6.4, and 6.4–12.7 mm) with and without N applications was conducted. All treatments with WC showed that CO2 emission peaked within the first week, then decreased drastically afterward. The CO2 peak delayed as the peak value decreased (WC size increased). The finest WC (<1.6 mm) yielded the lowest total CO2 emissions and resulted in the greatest increase in soil C at the end of incubation. Nitrogen application reduced total CO2 emissions by 1% in the smallest WC size and by 8%–9% for those larger than 1.6 mm. The N2O emissions spiked following each fertilizer application with lowest total emissions from the smallest WC size, suggesting substantial N immobilization. The results imply that larger WC sizes can delay C mineralization and reduce initial N immobilization risks, but the smallest WC size may have stabilized and increased soil organic carbon. This research increased our understanding on WC mineralization that can be used in WOR management.