bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acanthamoeba keratitis related to cosmetic contact lenses
Authors: Lee Jong Soo , Hahn Tae Won , Choi Si Hwan , Yu Hak Sun , Lee Ji‐Eun 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe report a rare case of Acanthamoeba keratitis related to cosmetic contact lenses in both eyes. A 17‐year‐old girl with a history of wearing cosmetic contact lenses presented with keratitis. She purchased cosmetic contact lenses via the Internet, and followed a contact lens care system irregularly, occasionally using tap water. Cell culture was performed on samples collected from a corneal scraping, the contact lenses and the storage cases. The isolated organism was Acanthamoeba. The patient was treated with polyhexamethylene biguanide and chlorhexidine for 3 months, and recovered with normal visual acuity. Poor hygiene and insufficient disinfection may be major risk factors for Acanthameoba keratitis in cosmetic contact lens wearers. The cosmetic contact lens user should receive professional advice before accessing the lenses, and this must be communicated to the public.
De novo urinary stress incontinence after laparoscopic sacral colpopexy
Authors: Misraï Vincent , Rouprêt Morgan , Cour Florence , Chartier‐Kastler Emmanuel , Richard François 
Published: November 2007

OBJECTIVETo analyse the incidence and the risk of developing de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after laparoscopic sacral colpopexy (LSCP).PATIENTS AND METHODSIn all, 53 women wit no concomitant or occult SUI before surgery had a LSCP with no anti‐incontinence procedure. All their medical charts were reviewed retrospectively and analysed statistically to assess the association between clinical data before LSCP (age, body mass index, maximum urethral closure pressure, medical history of UI and prolapse surgery, bladder neck hypermobility) and de novo SUI after LSCP.RESULTSWith a mean (sd) follow up of 20.4 (9.1) months, seven patients (13%) developed de novo SUI, within a median (range) of 2.1 (1–3) months after surgery. There was no statistical association between factors before LSCP and de novo SUI afterward on a univariate analysis (P > 0.05). The 5‐year SUI‐free survival rate after LSCP was 86%.CONCLUSIONDespite the risk of de novo SUI remaining low after LSCP patients should always be informed before surgery, as it cannot be predicted. Moreover, it can directly affect the functional outcome and lead to a second procedure in a few cases.
Mothers, gender and inclusion in the context of home‐school relations
Authors: COLE BARBARA 
Published: November 2007

The last twenty years have seen the proliferation of policies calling for the development of home–school relations and home–school partnerships, for it is argued that it is important for the educational success of all children that parents and professionals share aims, values and responsibilities. The dominant discourse around home–school relations refers to ‘parents’ as partners, maintaining that their voices are important and should be heard along with those of professionals. This is also held to be the case where children are categorized as ‘having special educational needs’ and a number of policies require that ‘parents’ are consulted wherever possible. However, this paper maintains that, despite this rhetoric, there is a boundary between home and school; between the professional, public space of school and the private, personal space of home, which reflects the power relations between public professionals and private parents. It maintains that the use of the gender neutral term ‘parent’ masks the gendered reality of ‘parenting’, making it easier for professionals to marginalize the individual voices of personal experience. The paper draws on research that suggests that the term ‘parent’ hides the fact that mothers are the ones generally perceived as having responsibility for their children and their relationship with school. It contends that the use of the term ‘parent’, in de‐gendering the contribution of the mother, negates the voice of personal experience and prioritizes the professional and expert voice. The lack of experiential knowledge is seen as especially important when children and their families are perceived as ‘different’; for example, disabled children and children labelled as having special educational needs (SEN).The corollary to this argument is, of course, that while the term ‘parent’ negates the voices of mothers, it also negates the voices of fathers, despite research that strongly suggests the importance of their different but significant contribution in the lives of their children.
IEPs in mainstream secondary schools: an agenda for research
Authors: TENNANT GEOFF 
Published: November 2007

Providing children with special educational needs with individual education plans (IEPs) was advocated in the 1994 code of practice for SEN, and retained in the 2000 code. Specifically as it relates to mainstream secondary schools, this has proved highly controversial: many SENCos report that the writing and implementing of IEPs is a bureaucratic encumbrance, whilst others, going about the process of writing IEPs in very different ways, report that the process is both manageable and beneficial to the children concerned.Given this contradictory evidence, there is an urgent need for research into this area. Having looked at three case‐studies of schools using very different methods to write IEPs in ways with which they feel comfortable, a research agenda is set out with a view to informing policies which ensure that resources spent on SEN are used as productively as possible.
‘The Heaviest Weight’: Circularity and Repetition in a Song by Hugo Wolf
Authors: Baileyshea Matthew 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTThe songs of Hugo Wolf continue to intrigue music theorists, not least because of their characteristic fusion of traditional tonal conventions with sophisticated chromatic processes. This article analyses a particularly intricate example: ‘Mühvoll komm ich und beladen’ from the Spanisches Liederbuch. The song projects a complex pattern of tonal relationships that reinforces an obsessive sense of repetition and circularity – issues that are explicit in the song's poetic text. The present reading engages a number of external sources, including the philosophy of Nietzsche, the operatic figure of Kundry and the myth of Sisyphus. These elements provide a series of cultural co‐ordinates that together serve to illuminate primary facets of the song's structure, including its formal design and distinctive harmonic syntax. Each of these topics is considered in the service of a larger, overriding purpose: to reveal the ways in which the composer seeks to characterise sin and spiritual torment using techniques of cyclic organisation.
Motor control in children with ADHD and non‐affected siblings: deficits most pronounced using the left hand
Authors: Rommelse Nanda N.J. , Altink Marieke E. , Oosterlaan Jaap , Buschgens Cathelijne J.M. , Buitelaar Jan , De Sonneville Leo M.J. , Sergeant Joseph A. 
Published: November 2007

Background:  Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is strongly influenced by heritability. Identifying heritable vulnerability traits (endophenotypes) that mark a relatively high risk of developing the disorder can contribute to the identification of risk genes. A fruitful area for the search for such endophenotypes may be motor control in children with ADHD, since the disorder is frequently accompanied by motor problems.Method:  The current study used a large sample of 350 children with ADHD, 195 non‐affected siblings and 271 normal controls aged 5–19 years. Children were administered two computerised motor control tasks in which they had to trace a path between two circles (Tracking task) and follow a randomly moving target (Pursuit task). Both tasks were performed with both the right and the left hand.Results:  Children with ADHD were less precise and stable than controls. Non‐affected siblings also deviated from controls, but only on the Tracking task. Group differences were modulated by the use of the right versus the left hand: no group differences emerged when the right hand was used, yet group differences did emerge when the left hand was used. Performance on both tasks was significantly familial.Conclusions:  Imprecision and instability of movements in children with ADHD and in their non‐affected siblings as measured by the Tracking task might be suitable endophenotypic candidates: these deficits are familially present in children having ADHD as well as in their non‐affected siblings. Motor performance might be best assessed in children using their left hand, because motor control deficits are most pronounced using the left hand. This might relate to right hemispheric brain pathology in children with ADHD (and possibly in their non‐affected siblings) that is related to the control of the left hand and/or relate to differential effects of daily life practice on both hands, which may be smaller on the left hand.
Re‐examining the core features of autism: a comparison of autism spectrum disorder and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Bishop Somer , Gahagan Sheila , Lord Catherine 
Published: November 2007

Background:  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are both characterized by social difficulties, but overall clinical descriptions of the two disorders are different.Method:  Twenty‐nine children with autism and 33 children with pervasive developmental disorder‐not otherwise specified (PDD‐NOS) were compared to 29 children with FASD of equivalent age and full‐scale IQ. To isolate social deficits that are most unique to ASD, all participants were administered the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Parents of the children completed the Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised (ADI‐R).Results:  Difficulties in initiating social interaction, sharing affect, and using nonverbal communication were common in children with ASD but rare in children with FASD. Socially inappropriate behaviors and difficulty with peers were common in both groups.Conclusions:  These findings suggest that whereas propensity for social interaction appears to be a differentiating factor between children with ASD and those with non‐spectrum disorders, impaired quality of social interaction may be less diagnostically discriminative.
Behaviour problems in children with language impairment
Authors: Van Daal John , Verhoeven Ludo , Van Balkom Hans 
Published: November 2007

Background: Language impairment is often associated with behaviour problems. However, detailed relations between different types of language impairment and specific behaviour problems in children have yet to be demonstrated. The present study attempted to do just this with an eye to the implications to identify foci for early intervention.Methods: The language abilities of 71 five‐year‐old children with language impairment were assessed via the administration of an extensive battery of language tests. The children's behaviour profile was assessed via administration of the Child Behaviour Checklist.Results: Factor analyses confirmed the presence of four language factors: speech, syntax, semantics and phonology. Forty percent of the children displayed serious significant behaviour problems. The most frequently occurring behaviour problems were: withdrawn behaviour, somatic complaints, thought problems and aggressive behaviour. Behaviour problems were associated with three of the four language factors but not strongly associated with speech problems.Conclusions: Differential relations between specific types of language impairment and specific behaviour problems already exist at a young age. Phonological problems showed broad relations to problem behaviour; semantic language problems were especially related to internalizing behaviour problems. This finding suggests the need for specific therapies for both different types of language problems and different types of behaviour problems.
Simple reaction time as a function of the phase of the cardiac cycle in young adults at risk for hypertension
Authors: McIntyre David , Ring Christopher , Edwards Louisa , Carroll Douglas 
Published: November 2007

AbstractModulation of simple reaction time over the cardiac cycle, which is likely to be mediated by activation of arterial baroreceptors, may be moderated by individual difference factors that affect baroreceptor activation, such as risk for hypertension. This study examined arterial baroreceptor effects on simple reaction times by presenting vibrotactile stimuli at six intervals after the R‐wave of the electrocardiogram (0, 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 ms) in 113 young men and women whose resting blood pressure and parental history of hypertension were ascertained. Reaction times were slower early in the cardiac cycle compared to later. However, these cycle time effects were not moderated by sex, resting blood pressure, or parental history of hypertension. In conclusion, cardiac‐related cortical interference was not moderated by risk for hypertension.
Brain activation and defensive response mobilization during sustained exposure to phobia‐related and other affective pictures in spider phobia
Authors: Wendt Julia , Lotze Martin , Weike Almut I. , Hosten Norbert , Hamm Alfons O. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study explored defensive response mobilization as well as fMRI responses during sustained exposure to phobia‐relevant stimuli. To test the specificity of affective physiology and brain activation, neutral and other affective stimuli were included. Phobia‐specific startle potentiation was maintained and autonomic responses even increased during sustained phobic stimulation. Viewing of spider pictures also resulted in increased activation of the amygdala in spider‐phobic participants. This effect, however, was not fear specific because other affective materials evoked comparable signal strength in the amygdala. In contrast, insula activation was specifically increased during sustained phobic exposure in phobic volunteers. These data suggest that the activation of the amygdala in fMRI studies primarily indexes the detection of motivationally relevant stimuli whereas the insula might be more specifically linked to defensive response mobilization.
Cardiovascular effects in adolescents while they are playing video games: A potential health risk factor?
Authors: Borusiak Peter , Bouikidis Anastasios , Liersch Rüdiger , Russell Jarrod B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe analyzed heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production in 17 male adolescents during a racing simulation video game (VG) and compared to resting state (RS) and exercise testing (ET) measures. We were able to demonstrate a significant (p<.005) increase from RS to VG concerning HR (+13.1 bpm), SBP (+20.8 mmHg), and DBP (+12.1 mmHg) with SBP and DBP elevations exceeding 2SDin all children and 14/17 children, respectively. The energy consumption during VG (max 1.71 kcal/min) was unaltered compared to RS and significantly lower compared to ET even at the starting strain of 25 W (1.94 kcal/min). Hemodynamic parameters tested demonstrated lower HR, unchanged SBP, and higher DBP during the VG compared with ET. Comparing all measured parameters it can be said that the relation of blood pressure and energy consumption during VG might not be favorable.
The effect of a REM sleep deprivation procedure on different aspects of memory function in humans
Authors: Saxvig Ingvild West , Lundervold Astri Johansen , Grønli Janne , Ursin Reidun , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Portas Chiara Maria 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that memory is dependent on the occurrence of REM sleep. Research has mainly focused on two distinct types of memory function, declarative and procedural, and it seems that the latter may more directly depend on REM sleep. Memory consolidation has been more investigated than acquisition, maintenance, and recall, despite the fact that sleep may affect flow of information into/from storage. Moreover, tests have often been limited to stimuli within only one modality (usually visual or verbal). This study aimed to clarify the role of REM sleep in memory by investigating aspects of memory function, processing, and modality in the same experimental setting. Tests of acquisition and consolidation of multiple aspects of memory function within the visual and verbal modalities were administrated to subjects before and after REM sleep deprivation. Results show that test performance was not affected by REM sleep deprivation.
Effects of self‐regulatory strength depletion on muscular performance and EMG activation
Authors: Bray Steven R. , Martin Ginis Kathleen A. , Hicks Audrey L. , Woodgate Jennifer 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a self‐regulatory strength depletion manipulation on performance of a physical endurance (isometric handgrip) task. In addition, the effect of depletion on EMG activity in the working forearm muscles during the endurance task was explored. Sedentary undergraduates (N=49) were randomly assigned to either a cognitive depletion condition (modified Stroop task) or a control (color word) group and completed two maximal isometric exercise endurance trials separated by the cognitive task. Participants in the depletion group showed significant (p<.05) degradations in performance and exhibited higher EMG activation on the second endurance trial (p<.05) compared to controls. Results are consistent with the limited strength model of self‐regulation and are interpreted in light of the central fatigue hypothesis.
Laparoscopically assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty in women with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser syndrome: feasibility and short‐term results
Authors: Cai B , Zhang JR , Xi XW , Yan Q , Wan XP 
Published: November 2007

Objectives  To evaluate the technical feasibility and anatomical and functional outcomes of laparoscopically assisted sigmoid colon vaginoplasty (LASV) in women with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.Design  A retrospective review of prospectively collected data.Setting  Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.Population  Twenty‐six women with MRKH syndrome.Methods  A record was made of mean operating time, length of hospital stay, perioperative complications and the anatomical and functional outcomes of surgery.Main outcome measures  The perioperative results, complications and anatomical and functional outcomes of LASV (with median 20 months follow up, range 5–48 months).Results  The mean operating time and hospital stay were 238 minutes and 9.8 days, respectively. The mean fall in haemoglobin was 2.0 g/dl. The only significant perioperative complications were one case with blood transfusion and three cases with infection (one with urinary tract and two with adjunctive incision). A functioning vagina 10 to 15 cm in length and 4 cm in width was created in all women. Introital stenosis occurred in only two women (2 months later). Twenty‐two women subsequently had intercourse and 20 women (91%) were satisfied with the surgery and subsequent sexual activity.Conclusions  LASV is an effective approach for women with MRKH syndrome. Both the anatomical and functional outcomes are satisfactory.
Hydralazine inhibits compression and acrolein‐mediated injuries in ex vivo spinal cord
Authors: Hamann Kristin , Nehrt Genevieve , Ouyang Hui , Duerstock Brad , Shi Riyi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe have previously shown that acrolein, a lipid peroxidation byproduct, is significantly increased following spinal cord injury in vivo, and that exposure to neuronal cells results in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased membrane permeability, impaired axonal conductivity, and eventually cell death. Acrolein thus may be a key player in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury, where lipid peroxidation is known to be involved. The current study demonstrates that the acrolein scavenger hydralazine protects against not only acrolein‐mediated injury, but also compression in guinea pig spinal cord ex vivo. Specifically, hydralazine (500 μmol/L to 1 mmol/L) can significantly alleviate acrolein (100–500 μmol/L)‐induced superoxide production, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of membrane integrity, and reduced compound action potential conduction. Additionally, 500 μmol/L hydralazine significantly attenuated compression‐mediated membrane disruptions at 2 and 3 h following injury. This was consistent with our findings that acrolein‐lys adducts were increased following compression injury ex vivo, an effect that was prevented by hydralazine treatment. These findings provide further evidence for the role of acrolein in spinal cord injury, and suggest that acrolein‐scavenging drugs such as hydralazine may represent a novel therapy to effectively reduce oxidative stress in disorders such as spinal cord injury and neurodegenerative diseases, where oxidative stress is known to play a role.
CHL1 promotes Sema3A‐induced growth cone collapse and neurite elaboration through a motif required for recruitment of ERM proteins to the plasma membrane
Authors: Schlatter Monika C. , Buhusi Mona , Wright Amanda G. , Maness Patricia F. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractClose homolog of L1 (CHL1) is a transmembrane cell adhesion molecule with unique developmental functions in cortical neuronal positioning and dendritic projection within the L1 family, as well as shared functions in promotion of integrin‐dependent neurite outgrowth and semaphorin3A (Sema3A)‐mediated axon repulsion. The molecular mechanisms by which CHL1 mediates these diverse functions are obscure. Here it is demonstrated using a cytofluorescence assay that CHL1 is able to recruit ezrin, a member of the ezrin‐radixin‐moesin (ERM) family of filamentous actin binding proteins to the plasma membrane, and that this requires a membrane‐proximal motif (RGGKYSV) in the CHL1 cytoplasmic domain. This sequence in CHL1 is shown to have novel functions necessary for Sema3A‐induced growth cone collapse and CHL1‐dependent neurite outgrowth and branching in cortical embryonic neurons. In addition, stimulation of haptotactic cell migration and cellular adhesion to fibronectin by CHL1 depends on the CHL1/ERM recruitment motif. These findings suggest that a direct or indirect interaction between CHL1 and ERM proteins mediates Sema3A‐induced growth cone collapse as well as neurite outgrowth and branching, which are essential determinants of axon guidance and connectivity in cortical development.