bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and chiroptical properties of a helical poly(phenylacetylene) bearing optically active pyrene pendants
Authors: Lin Hongzhen , Morino Kazuhide , Yashima Eiji 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA novel poly(phenylacetylene) derivative bearing optically active pyrene moieties as the pendant groups (poly‐(R)‐1) was prepared by the polymerization of the corresponding monomer (R)‐1 in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, and its chiroptical property was investigated. Poly‐(R)‐1 exhibited an induced circular dichroism (ICD) in the polymer backbone region due to the predominantly one‐handed helical conformation. The ICD pattern dramatically changed and was accompanied by inversion of the Cotton effect sign in response to a change in the temperature and solvent, indicating that poly‐(R)‐1 underwent a helix–helix transition in response to the external stimuli. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of new chiral cis‐3‐hydroxyazetidines and their application in diethylzinc addition to aldehydes
Authors: Zhang Zhanbin , Li Min , Zi Guofu 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA new series of chiral cis‐3‐hydroxyazetidines have been prepared from (R)‐1‐phenylethylamine. They have excellent catalytic activities and enantiomeric selectivities in asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aromatic aldehydes. Chirality, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trends in head and neck cancer incidence in relation to smoking prevalence
Authors: Sturgis Erich M. , Cinciripini Paul M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe trends in head and neck cancer incidence and smoking prevalence are reviewed, discussing where such trends parallel but also how and why they may not. In the U.S., public health efforts at tobacco control and education have successfully reduced the prevalence of cigarette smoking, resulting in a lower incidence of head and neck cancer. Vigilance at preventing tobacco use and encouraging cessation should continue, and expanded efforts should target particular ethnic and socioeconomic groups. However, an unfortunate stagnation has been observed in oropharyngeal cancer incidence and likely reflects a rising attribution of this disease to oncogenic human papillomavirus, in particular type 16 (HPV‐16). For the foreseeable future, this trend in oropharyngeal cancer incidence may continue, but with time the effects of vaccination of the adolescent and young adult female population should result in a lower viral prevalence and hopefully a reduced incidence of oropharyngeal cancer. To hasten the reduction of HPV‐16 prevalence in the population, widespread vaccination of adolescent and young adult males should also be considered. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Molecular classification system identifies invasive breast carcinoma patients who are most likely and those who are least likely to achieve a complete pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Goldstein Neal S. , Decker David , Severson Dawn , Schell Scott , Vicini Frank , Margolis Jeffrey , Dekhne Nayana S. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The molecular classification system categorizes invasive breast carcinomas according to their key driving biomarkers. In the current study, the authors evaluated whether response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was correlated with the molecular classification groups.METHODS.Using immunohistochemistry, the molecular classification group (luminal‐A, luminal‐B, HER‐2–variant, HER‐2–classic, and basal phenotype) was retrospectively determined in 68 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant treatment.RESULTS.A total of 28 carcinoma patients (41.2%) achieved a compete pathologic response (CPR), including 2 of 15 patients classified as having luminal‐A (13.3%), 4 of 16 patients classified as having luminal‐B (25.0%), 10 of 12 patients classified as having HER‐2–classic (83.3%), none of the 4 patients classified as having HER‐2–variant, and 12 of 21 patients classified as having basal phenotype (57.1%) neoplasms. The CPR rate among patients with the HER‐2–classic and basal neoplasms was 67% (22 of 33 neoplasms), compared with 17.1% (6 of 35 neoplasms) in the non‐HER‐2–classic/basal combined group (P < .001). Eleven carcinomas were initially diagnosed as invasive lobular carcinomas (pleomorphic and classic), 4 of which were luminal‐A, 4 of which were luminal‐B, 2 of which were HER‐2–classic, and 1 of which was basal. On review, only 3 of these 11 cases remained classified as classic lobular carcinoma, all of which were classified as luminal‐A, and none of these patients achieved a CPR. Four of the other 8 patients achieved a CPR.CONCLUSIONS.The molecular classification system is useful for identifying carcinoma patients who are most likely and those who are least likely to achieve a CPR. In the current study, all the morphologically classic lobular carcinomas were classified as luminal‐A neoplasms, which may explain the low rate of CPR reported. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
A higher radiotherapy dose is associated with more durable palliation and longer survival in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: Olivier Kenneth R. , Schild Steven E. , Morris Christopher G. , Brown Paul D. , Markovic Svetomir N. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Oncologists are often reluctant to recommend radiotherapy (RT) to palliate metastatic melanoma due to a perception that this tumor is “radioresistant.” The Mayo Clinic experience was analyzed to determine the efficacy of palliative RT.METHODS.Eighty‐four consecutive patients with 114 lesions that were not metastatic to the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated for the response of the presenting symptom, the duration of response, and survival after RT. The median dose delivered was 30 grays (Gy) and the median biologic effective dose (BED) was 39.0 Gy10. Performance status was not uniformly available for all patients.RESULTS.Complete resolution of the presenting symptom occurred in 10 lesions (9%). Of the lesions treated, there was partial improvement in 86 (75%), no change in 12 (11%), and worsening in 6 (5%) lesions. The median survival was 3.8 months and freedom from disease progression (FFP) for individual lesions was 6 months. Patients treated with >30 Gy had significantly longer FFP compared with patients given ≤30 Gy (P = .01). In addition, patients treated with >30 Gy had a significantly longer survival than those given a lesser dose (median of 2 months vs 8 months; P < .0001). Similarly, patients receiving a BED >39.0 Gy10 also were found to have longer FFP (P = .03) and survival (median of 2 months vs 8 months; P < .0001) compared with those receiving a BED ≤39.0 Gy10. The dose per fraction, number of previous therapies, and location of the lesions did not appear to impact the effectiveness of RT.CONCLUSIONS.RT was found to provide effective palliation of non‐CNS metastasis from malignant melanoma and should be considered for symptomatic patients. RT doses >30 Gy and a BED >39.0 Gy10 were found to be associated with longer palliation. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Increasing incidence and continued dismal outcome of primary central nervous system lymphoma in Norway 1989–2003
Authors: Haldorsen Ingfrid S. , Krossnes Bård K. , Aarseth Jan H. , Scheie David , Johannesen Tom B. , Mella Olav , Espeland Ansgar 
Published: August 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The incidence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) appears to be increasing in some countries, whereas it is stable in others. Many reports the last decades have suggested that there have been improvements in the treatment of PCNSL. The objective of this study was to analyze time trends in the incidence, clinical features, histologic diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of nonacquired immunodeficiency syndrome (non‐AIDS) PCNSL in Norway from 1989 to 2003.METHODS.Patients were identified by a chart review of all patients who had a recorded diagnosis of PCNSL from 1989 to 2003 in The Norwegian Cancer Registry. The histologic and cytologic material from each patient was re‐examined by pathologists. Time trends were analyzed according to year of diagnosis grouped into 3 5‐year periods: 1989–1993, 1994–1998, and 1999–2003.RESULTS.There were 98 patients who had confirmed, newly diagnosed non‐AIDS PCNSL in Norway from 1989 to 2003. The incidence rate increased during the consecutive 5‐year periods from 0.89 per million during 1989 to 1993, to 1.74 per million during 1994 to 1998, and to 1.82 per million during 1999 to 2003 (P = .013). Diagnostic delay and overall survival did not improve with time. Survival decreased from 1999 to 2003 compared with survival from 1994 to 1998, which was explained in part by reduced performance status and fewer patients receiving combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy during 1999 to 2003. In multivariate analysis, age ≤50 years, a good performance status, and active treatment (especially combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy) significantly improved survival.CONCLUSIONS.The incidence of PCNSL is increasing in Norway. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances over the last decades, neither a reduction in diagnostic delay nor any improvement in overall survival with time was observed. The search for improved understanding of etiology and treatment should be intensified. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
GPFlow: an intuitive environment for web‐based scientific workflow
Authors: Rygg Asbjørn , Roe Paul , Wong On , Sumitomo Jiro 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIncreasingly scientists are using collections of software tools in their research. These tools are typically used in concert, often necessitating laborious and error‐prone manual data reformatting and transfer. We present an intuitive workflow environment to support scientists with their research. The workflow, GPFlow, wraps legacy tools, presenting a high level, interactive web‐based front end to scientists. The workflow backend is realized by a commercial grade workflow engine (Windows Workflow Foundation). The workflow model is inspired by spreadsheets and is novel in its support for an intuitive method of interaction enabling experimentation as required by many scientists, e.g. bioinformaticians. We apply GPFlow to two bioinformatics experiments and demonstrate its flexibility and simplicity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Query capabilities of the Karma provenance framework
Authors: Simmhan Yogesh L. , Plale Beth , Gannon Dennis 
Published: August 2007

AbstractProvenance metadata in e‐Science captures the derivation history of data products generated from scientific workflows. Provenance forms a glue linking workflow execution with associated data products, and finds use in determining the quality of derived data, tracking resource usage, and for verifying and validating scientific experiments. In this article, we discuss the scope of provenance collected in the Karma provenance framework used in the LEAD Cyberinfrastructure project, distinguishing provenance metadata from generic annotations. We further describe our approaches to querying for different forms of provenance in Karma in the context of queries in the first provenance challenge. We use an incremental, building‐block method to construct provenance queries based on the fundamental querying capabilities provided by the Karma service centered on the provenance data model. This has the advantage of keeping the Karma service generic and simple, and yet supports a wide range of queries. Karma successfully answers all but one challenge query. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bias field induced impedance relaxation of TlGaSe2 semiconducting layered crystal at room temperature
Authors: Okutan M. , Azak F. , Şahin P. , Çavdarlı M. , Erdem Z. , Şentürk E. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractComplex Impedance Spectroscopy has been employed for the study of absorption kinetics at TlGaSe2 layered crystal under Bias voltage at room temperature. Two relaxations mechanisms have been observed. The crystal has “slow” and “fast” relaxation mechanisms in low and high frequency region, respectively. The complex impedance spectra were fitted by the superposition of two Cole‐Cole types of relaxations. The fast relaxation in the higher frequency region may be due to dipolar relaxation and the slow relaxation in the low frequency region may be due to Maxwell‐Wagner type relaxation. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Crystal growth and spectral analysis of Dy3+ and Er3+ doped KPb2Cl5 as a mid‐infrared laser crystal
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Jianfu , Tu Chaoyang , You Zhenyu , Zhu Zhaojie , Wu Baichang 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThis paper reports crystal growth and optical characteristics of dysprosium (Dy3+) and erbium (Er3+) doped mid‐infrared laser crystal ternary‐potassium‐lead‐chloride (KPb2Cl5). Two transparent crystals with good optical quality have been grown successfully by using the Bridgman technique,the largest crystal size reaches up to ∅︁10×60mm2. Measurements of X‐ray diffraction(XRD) and absorption spectra were carried out. Based on Judd‐Ofelt theory, the intensity parameters Ωt(t=2,4,6), the experimental and theoretical oscillator strengths have been obtained.The intensity parameters Ωt(t=2,4,6) of Er3+:KPb2Cl5 were calculated to be Ω2=5.10×10‐20 cm2, Ω4=1.25×10‐20 cm2, Ω6=0.83×10‐20 cm2, and the values for Dy3+:KPb2Cl5 were calculated to be Ω2=6.26×10‐20 cm2, Ω4=2.45×10‐20 cm2, Ω6=0.04×10‐20 cm2 respectively. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth and optical absorption studies on potassium dihydrogen phosphate single crystals
Authors: Raj C. Justin , Krishnan S. , Dinakaran S. , Uthrakumar R. , Das S. Jerome 
Published: August 2007

AbstractGrowth of bulk nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystals gained new significance with the advent of solid‐state laser sources for opto‐electronic applications. An optically transparent crystal of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) has been grown from aqueous solution along (001) plane with the aid of modified growth assembly of Sankaranarayanan‐Ramasamy (SR) Method. The evaporation rate was controlled and single crystals of 5 mm diameter and 60 mm length with a growth rate 5 mm per day have been grown successfully. The improved transparency of grown crystal was investigated using DRS UV transmittance spectral analysis and the presence of functional groups in the grown crystal is confirmed using FTIR analysis. (© 2007 WILEY ‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Studies on electrical conduction behavior of La1‐3xCaxBaxSrxMnO3 synthesized by chemical route
Authors: Mandal K. D. , Rai A. K. , Parkash Om. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractIn the manganite La1‐xMxMnO3 (M = Ca, Ba, Sr) the doping concentration introduces a mixed valency (Mn3+, Mn4+) which governs the magnetic and electrical properties of the compound. The perovskite oxides La1‐3xCaxBaxSrxMnO3 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10) were prepared by chemical method. Single‐phase formation is confirmed by XRD studies. The electrical behavior of compositions with x = 0.00, 0.05 and 0.10 in the system La1‐3xCaxBaxSrxMnO3 was studied in the temperature range 300‐420 K. It is observed that conductivity decreases with increasing temperature as well as dopants concentration. Metallic behavior of these compositions decreases with increasing dopants concentration (x). The microstructures of these samples have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (© 2007 WILEY ‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical investigation of induction heating and heat transfer in a SiC growth system
Authors: Chen X. J. , Liu L. J. , Tezuka H. , Usuki Y. , Kakimoto K. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractA global simulation model is applied for a silicon carbide growth system heated by induction coils. A finite‐volume method (FVM) and a global model are applied to solve the equations for electromagnetic field, conductive and radiative heat transfer. The growth rate is predicted by Hertz‐Knudsen equation and one‐dimensional mass transfer equation. Further, simulations for five different coil positions are carried out to investigate the effects of coil position on temperature distribution in the furnace. The numerical results reveal that the variation of temperature in the radial direction along the substrate surface and the temperature difference between the powder and substrate are greatly affected by the coil position. The predicted growth rate along the substrate surface for five coil positions is also studied. Finally, a reasonable range of coil positions maintaining a balance between large‐diameter crystal, high growth rate, temperature limitation of material and lower electrical power consumption is obtained. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intermediate products in solid‐state reactions of gadolinium oxide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
Authors: Uztetik Morkan A. , Morkan İ. , Demirözü‐Şenol S. , Güler H. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractThe solid‐state reactions of Gd2O3 with NH4H2PO4 using various molar ratios (3:6, 2:8, 1:6 and 1:8) of the reactants were investigated at different temperatures (350‐1100°C) to observe the intermediate compounds. Analysis of the X‐ray powder diffraction patterns of the products obtained at 350°C; for the compositions of 2:8, 1:6 and 1:8 molar ratios revealed the formation of a new compound, NH4GdHP3O10 which was reported previously for Nd, Ho and Er. At higher temperatures, gadolinium tripolyphosphate was obtained for all of the molar ratios. On the other hand, the IR data of the products also confirmed the proposed reaction pathways. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
UV‐visible emission of (O2‐ ‐ F+) centres in KBr
Authors: Zehani F. , Sebais M. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractSingle crystals of KBr containing the (O2‐ ‐ F+) color centres and elaborated in atmospheric air by the Czochralski method are studied. The measure of the UV‐visible emission spectra at 78 K present several emission bands situated between 340 and 800 nm. The photoluminescence excitation shows that these emissions are attributed to O‐2 and (O2‐ ‐ F+) centres. This study show the new emission bands of (O2‐ ‐ F+) centres which are situated in the UV‐visible spectral domain. The comparison between the emission spectra before and after the thermal treatment of samples shows clearly the transformation of O‐2 centers at high temperature to (O2‐ ‐ F+) centres. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Exploring responsible property investing: a survey of American executives
Authors: Pivo Gary 
Published: August 2007

AbstractProperty is an important part of modern economies with significant social and environmental consequences. As a result, practitioners and scholars have begun focusing on the social responsibility and sustainability of property investors. This paper expands that work by examining Responsible Property Investing among investment organizations in the United States. Responsible Property Investing is defined as efforts that go beyond compliance with minimum legal requirements to better manage the environmental, social, and governance issues associated with property investing. A survey of senior American executives finds that most organizations are going beyond compliance, implementing management strategies and investing in properties that are consistent with Responsible Property Investment principles. Most executives also place their organization beyond compliance in a Responsible Property Investing stage model. Business concerns are the leading drivers and impediments. Among the various types of organizations studied, pension funds, foundations and endowments lag behind others in implementing Responsible Property Investing. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Distinct signaling mechanisms activate the target of rapamycin in response to different B‐cell stimuli
Authors: Donahue Amber C. , Fruman David A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractPhosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a downstream kinase, are both required for proliferation of splenic B cells. However, the functions of PI3K and mTOR in response to different stimuli and among B cell subsets have not been fully elucidated. We used flow cytometry and magnetic cell sorting to examine the requirement for PI3K and mTOR in responses of splenic B cell subsets to BCR and LPS stimulation. BCR‐mediated phosphorylation of Akt and Erk is sensitive to the PI3K catalytic inhibitor wortmannin in both marginal zone (MZ) and follicular (FO) cells. BCR‐mediated mTOR activation in both subsets is inhibited by wortmannin, though less strongly in MZ cells. In contrast, LPS‐induced mTOR signaling is strikingly resistant to wortmannin in both subsets. Similarly, functional responses to LPS are partially wortmannin resistant yet sensitive to mTOR inhibition by rapamycin. We also observed mitogen‐independent mTOR activity that is regulated by nutrient availability, and is significantly elevated in MZ cells relative to FO cells. These data define both similarities and differences in PI3K/mTOR signaling mechanisms in MZ and FO cells, and suggest that mTOR signaling can occur in the absence of PI3K activation to promote B cell responses to LPS.
Memory phenotype CD8+ T cells with innate function selectively develop in the absence of active Itk
Authors: Hu Jianfang , Sahu Nisebita , Walsh Elizabeth , August Avery 
Published: August 2007

AbstractT cells with a memory‐like phenotype and possessing innate immune function have been previously identified as CD8+CD44hi cells. These cells rapidly secrete IFN‐γ upon stimulation with IL‐12/IL‐18 and are involved in innate responses to infection with Listeria monocytogenes. The signals regulating these cells are unclear. The Tec kinase Itk regulates T cell activation and we report here that a majority of the CD8+ T cells in Itk null mice have a phenotype of CD44hi similar to memory‐like innate T cells. These cells are observed in mice carrying an Itk mutant lacking the kinase domain, indicating that active Tec kinase signaling suppresses their presence. These cells carry preformed message for and are able to rapidly produce IFN‐γ upon stimulation in vitro with IL‐12/IL‐18, and endow Itk null mice the ability to effectively respond to infection with L. monocytogenes or exposure to lipopolysaccharides by secretion of IFN‐γ. Transfer of these cells rescues the ability of IFN‐γ null mice to reduce bacterial burden following L. monocytogenes infection, indicating that these cells are functional CD8+CD44hi T cells previously detected in vivo. These results indicate that active signals from Tec kinases regulate the development of memory‐like CD8+ T cells with innate function.
Back to the beginning – the quest for thymic epithelial stem cells
Authors: Swann Jeremy B. , Boehm Thomas 
Published: August 2007

AbstractStem cell‐based therapies hold much promise for the rejuvenation of aged or damaged tissues; however, before such cells can be used therapeutically, they must first be accurately identified. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology it is reported that MTS24, a marker previously associated with progenitor cells of the thymic epithelium, fails to accurately identify epithelial cell populations with the ability to reconstitute a functional thymus. This finding demonstrates that much progress needs to be made before thymic epithelial stem cells can be harnessed for clinical benefit.See accompanying article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200737275