bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design Reliability Analysis and Quality Control of Nuclear Pressure Reducing Valve
Authors: Lv Yanxin , Luo Lusheng , Wei Dong , Shi Hong , Li Haitao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to improve the localization level of nuclear power and solve the “neck” problem of nuclear pressure reducing valve in CAP1400 project, the design reliability analysis and quality control requirements of domestic prototype of nuclear pressure reducing valve was studied. Through the analysis and application of the technical requirements of the pressure reducing valve, the control was strengthened from the reliability requirements of seismic analysis, identification test and quality control points, which provided a strong technical support for the localization of nuclear grade pressure reducing valve. The seismic analysis required that the stress, resonance frequency and deformation analysis on the dangerous section of the main parts of nuclear pressure reducing valve met the requirements of regulations and standards. The reliability control was carried out from three aspects: the selection of test medium, the stability control of pressure behind the valve and the requirements of failure operation performance. Quality point control taked quality control measures from three aspects: tooling design, standard application and test bench management. All measurements ensured that the design quality of nuclear pressure reducing valve meets the requirements. The successful development of the domestic prototype of nuclear grade pressure reducing valve shows the effectiveness of the design reliability analysis and quality control method, which provides a reference for the localization of equipment in the future.
Strength Analysis and Research of Composite Material Bridge Deck
Authors: Zhu Kunning 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The strength of each layer of composite bridge deck under different load conditions is analyzed and studied by Tsai-Wu tensor theory. The results indicate that, the characteristic strength values calculated in the predetermined reinforcement fabric are significantly smaller than those in the E-glass fiber layer, and the damage will first occur in E-glass fiber layer. Under various operating conditions, the characteristic strength values in each layer of FRP bridge panel are smaller than 1, and have a certain safety factor. The weak positions of each layer are related to the configuration of bridge panel. Tsai-Wu tensor theory can accurately evaluate the status of each layer, and supervise the design work of GFRP bridge panel.
Study on Welding Parameter Model of Resistance Spot Welding of Body-in-white Al Alloy Plate
Authors: Han Lijun , Yu Wenchao , Jia Lei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the welding parameter model of resistance spot welding (RSW) of body-in-white(BIW) Al alloy plate was studied in details, and the key welding parameters that influence the RSW quality are analysed in-depth. Based on the concept of equivalent plate thickness (SV
), simplification of nugget volume and thermodynamic theories, combined with the properties of Al alloy, the mathematical models of welding current, pressure, time were established through production data and test verification. These models reflect the relationship between key welding parameters and equivalent plate thickness. The welding current and pressure are linear with SV
, and the expressions are different when SV
is greater than 2. For welding pressure, there exist two critical curves according to the different yield strength of welding materials. The yield of the material lies in between and pressure can be chosen between two critical curves. The welding time is directly linear to the actual thickness of the plate. Actual welding parameters can be obtained by the models and least test, which is very important for decision of welding parameters rapidly.
Health Factor Experimental Testing and SOH Estimation for Nickel Cadmium Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yin , Cui Jie , Yuan Hao , Dai Chaohua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Based on the fact that the working characteristics of Nickel–cadmium battery are significantly different from lithium batteries, and in view of the complex discharge conditions of Nickel–cadmium battery in Multiple Unit, a SOH estimation method of Nickel–cadmium battery based on charging health factors was proposed. Firstly, aging experiments were conducted on individual nickel cadmium batteries using an experimental platform; Secondly, health factors such as total charging time, constant voltage charging time at the end of constant current charging, and average current during a specific time period of constant voltage charging were selected as health factors at different aging stages. The rationality of the health factors was verified through correlation analysis; Then, principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of the health factor data matrix as input to the support vector regression model, and cross validation was used to optimize the model parameters; Finally, the proposed method was validated based on experimental data.
Development and Research of non-alkali FGD Gypsum Products
Authors: Lu Guozhong , Wang Zhaojia , He Guangming , Ma Guoru , Shao Lushan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The set-up of desulphurization units in domestic coal-fired power plants has brought increasing output of FGD gypsum, which results in a wide application of FGD gypsum products. During the application of such products, people found that they are prone to alkalization, i.e., a phenomenon significantly affecting the appearance and performance of the products. In this study, fly ash, another kind of waste from coal-fired power plants, was introduced to inhibit the alkalization of FGD gypsum products under the action of the alkali-activator for better utilization of waste resources.
Design and Analysis of a Micro Displacement Actuator Based on Stick-slip Principle Using Piezoelectric Ceramic
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Heran , Zhang Yaxun , Su Donghao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work introduces a triangular shape piezoelectric actuator using the principle of piezoelectric ceramic bending vibration and stick-slip motion. The lateral displacement of the driving foot is used to press the slider, while the vertical displacement is used to drive the slider. The structural dimensions are determined by simulation considering the required parameters. Finite element software is used to analyze the static performance. The dynamic performance of the actuator are simulated and analyzed, including its response to different input voltages and frequencies. Dynamic model provides a comprehensive understanding of the behaviour of the actuator during operation and further reveals the principle. The actuator combines piezoelectric bending vibration and stick-slip motion with the merits of compactness, high accuracy and fast response.
Research Overview on Rectangular Tube Cross-Section Deformation in Rotary-Draw Bending Process
Authors: Liu Yixian , Zhang Ranyang , Guo Zhenghua , Cheng Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Rectangular tube bending process forming quality is not only affected by the tube material but also geometric dimensions will also be affected by bending mold and related process parameters. Cross-section deformation produced by the tube during the forming process becomes a major constraint to heightening the quality of the tube. The research work and process of cross-section deformation in the rotary-draw bending process (RDBP) of rectangular tubes in theory analysis, experiment research, and finite-element (FE) simulation in recent years is reviewed in this paper. The development trend of research in this field is also proposed.
Research Progress on Occurrence, Removal and Fate of Microplastics in WWTPs
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Hong Lei , Wu Ke , Zhang Jie , Wang Qun , Li Xu , Jin Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
WWTPs are considered to be a major indirect source of MPs discharged into the environment. Characteristics of MPs in the influent and effluent water and sludge of WWTPs were analysed, including abundance, type, shape and size. Detailed comparisons were made to summarise the removal efficiency of each treatment process on MPs and the analysis of the factors affecting them, and to analyse the trend of MPs attribution in WWTPs. It is also concluded that the main shapes of MPs in the influent and effluent water of sewage plants are fibres and fragments, in which fibres account for an increased proportion in the outlet water, and the main polymer types are PP, PE, PA and PET; the shapes of MPs in sludge are mainly fibres, and the main polymer types are PP, PE and PET; and the removal of MPs mainly relies on the physical effects of adsorption, interception, flocculation, filtration, precipitation, and so on.
Exploration of Ecological Function and Restoration of Small and Micro Wetlands
Authors: Chen Junlin , Zhang Weihua 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Due to their unique ecological functions, small and micro wetlands have received more extensive attention and recognition from the international community, and have become an important part of China’s ecological civilization construction. In this paper, the concept, characteristics and classification of small and micro wetlands are described, and the ecological functions and services of small and micro wetlands are discussed. On this basis, the principles of ecological restoration of small and micro wetlands were analyzed, and suggestions for the protection and management of small and micro wetlands were put forward, in order to provide reference for the protection and restoration of small and micro wetlands in China.
Influence of Xinjiang Saline Soil on Corrosion of X80 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Xu Shuailing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A large-scale gas transmission pipeline project will pass through typical saline soil areas in Xinjiang, China, to find out the influence of the saline soil on the long-distance pipeline in this area, this paper investigates the corrosive behavior of X80 pipeline steel embedded in saline soil with multiple corrosion intensities. Firstly, NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3, and deionized water were used to simulate the saline soil with different corrosion intensities, and then the corrosion test of X80 steel was carried out. A scanning electron microscope was used to observe the X80 steel before and after corrosion. Finally, the weight loss method was used to calculate the corrosion rate, and the corrosive behavior of X80 pipeline steel in Xinjiang saline soil environment was analyzed. The results show that: (1) X80 steel is susceptible to pitting corrosion in the saline soil environment; (2) the rate and level of corrosion were mainly related to the content of Cl− and SO4
2−. The greater the content, the stronger the pipeline is corroded; (3) the rate and level of corrosion were positively correlated with the corrosion intensities of saline soils.
Explosion Cracking Analysis of Sulfur Resistance Induction Heat Bend Pipe
Authors: Liu Yangqin , Li Xiaolong , Li Na , Lin Weiping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The explosion cracking reason on induction heat bend pipe was analyzed through macroscopic analysis, chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties testing, metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy and XRD. The results showed that the chemical composition, tensile test, Vickers hardness results of the straight section of the bent pipe met the requirements of the technical specifications, and the metallographic structure of the straight section of the bent pipe was pearlite and ferrite. The Charpy impact test in the neutral zone of the bend section had a low shear fracture ratio, and the Vickers hardness test results were on the high side. The metallographic structure was granular bainite. The fracture surface of the failed bent pipe exhibited brittle fracture characteristics on the macro level. The metallographic analysis and hardness test results of the crack source area showed that the fracture surface had typical intergranular propagation characteristics and high hardness values. Energy spectrum analysis of the crack source area revealed the presence of S element. The XRD analysis of the product on the inner wall of the pipe contained sulfides. The comprehensive results indicated that the failed bend pipe undergoes stress corrosion and initiates corrosion cracks on the surface under the combined action of operating pressure, additional bending stress, residual stress, etc. in a sulfide corrosive medium, the cracks continued to propagate along the grain boundaries and ultimately caused the bend pipe to explode.
Propeller wake impact on transition location
Authors: Russo Serena , Giannetti Flavio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This work has been carried out within ESTRO Clean Sky 2 CfP project, whose goal was to develop an innovative future green regional aircraft configuration based on several new technologies able to match the very demanding and challenging objectives ACARE 2020 in terms of environmental impact. In details, an automatic numerical procedure for the evaluation of the detrimental effect of the propeller on transition location of a laminar turbo-prop wing is proposed here. The evaluation of transition location is based on a well-known procedure, based on the use of eN method implemented in a Linear Stability (LST) solver. The input data for the LST solver are represented by the pressure distribution as derived from high-fidelity Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stoke (RANS) solutions and the velocity profiles in the boundary layer derived from a conical formulation of the boundary layer equations.
Model-based approach for the automatic inclusion of production considerations in the conceptual design of aircraft structures
Authors: Bruggeman A M R M , Bansal D , La Rocca G , van der Laan T , van den Berg T 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Including production considerations in the early design stages of aircraft structures is challenging. Production information is mostly known by experts and rarely formally documented such that it can be effectively used during the design process. Producibility is mostly considered after completing the design, resulting in increased cost and development time due to the late discovery of production issues. This paper presents a new model, called the Manufacturing Information Model (MIM), which supports the automatic inclusion of production considerations into the design process. The MIM provides a single source of truth and a generic structure to capture and organize production-related information in a product system. Furthermore, it provides compatibility analyses to automatically warn for or exclude infeasible designs. Analysis tools use the information stored within the MIM to calculate the mass, costs, and production rate of the product. To show the functionalities of the MIM, it has been applied to the conceptual design of a wing box at a Tier 1 company. This use case shows how the MIM supports trade-off decisions, as it allows for the identification of trends and the ranking of different manufacturing concepts. Overall, the MIM provides a structured and formal approach to include production information in the conceptual design, improving the decision-making process.
A pre-screening of the solvolysis recycling process for CFRPs based on the mechanical properties of the recovered fibers.
Authors: Vogiantzi Christina , Tserpes Konstantinos 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Over the past few decades, composite materials, and specifically carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs), are finding increasing use in the automotive, aerospace, and aeronautics industries. As a result, the production of CFRPs has been significantly increased, thus leading to a corresponding increase in waste production. In the near future, landfill and incineration disposal of waste will likely be prevented due to legislation, thereby bringing forward the need to develop efficient recycling processes for CFRPs. However, recycling of CFRPs is very challenging, mainly due to the difficulty in removing the thermosetting matrix. This paper reports a pre-screening of the solvolysis recycling process for CFRPs on the basis of the mechanical properties of the recovered fibers. To this end, solvolysis tests were conducted on unidirectional CFRP samples under supercritical and subcritical conditions using acetone and water. The solvolysis tests were conducted for various conditions of temperature, pressure, and reaction time. The efficiency of the recycling processes has been evaluated by means of single-fiber tension tests on the recovered fibers, which were conducted according to the ASTM C 1557-14 standard. In most cases, the decomposition efficiency of the epoxy resin in the CFRP, measured in terms of mass, ranged between 90 and 100%. Moreover, the mechanical tests showed that the recovered fibers retained more than 58% of their initial Young’s modulus and tensile strength.
Structural sizing of a hydrogen tank for a commercial aircraft
Authors: Parello R , Gourinat Y , Benard E , Defoort S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To respond to the current climate crisis, hydrogen-powered aircraft are seen as a promising solution in the aviation sector to cut down CO
2 emissions. Hydrogen-fueled aircraft present however huge challenges, especially due to the complex storage of hydrogen. To achieve a reasonable fuel energy density for medium- to long-range missions, hydrogen must indeed be stored in liquid form in big and heavy pressurized tanks. Tank design must so be included in conceptual design, which now has an important impact on the aircraft. This study proposes a structural sizing methodology for a liquid hydrogen tank for a commercial aircraft. A parametric model of a cylindrical cryogenic tank placed at the back of the cabin in a conventional aircraft is created and sized to withstand pressure, bending, torsion and shear loads. The process integrates sizing standards for pressurized structures of the current CS-25 regulation in its methodology and remains general enough to consider both integral and non-integral tanks of any dimensions or materials. Initial analyses show a clear dependency of the tank’s performance as well as the optimal stiffening structure configuration on the design pressure.
Graphene Devices for Aerial Wireless Communications at THz
Authors: Mura Monica La , Cassioli Dajana , Shundalau Maksim , Cianca Ernestina , Lamberti Patrizia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the state-of-the-art of graphene-based technologies for the prospective use cases of end-to-end terahertz (THz) communication systems, such as industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). THz communications offer ultra-high throughput and enhanced sensing capabilities, enabling advanced applications like UAV swarms and integrated sensing, localization, and mapping. The potential of wireless THz communication can be unlocked by graphene technology. Graphene, owing to its remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties, emerges as a promising candidate for a multitude of applications in aerial wireless communications in the THz band, including high-speed electronic devices, tunable metamaterials, and innovative antennas. However, reliable tools for the simulation-based design of graphene components, able to account for the fabrication-related uncertainties, are still missing. This paper presents the envisaged possibilities of wireless communications in THz bands, overviews graphene devices for RF applications at THz, and discusses the open issues of modelling THz devices and THz channel.
A System of Systems Framework for Strategic Cargo Airlift Using Agent-Based Modelling
Authors: Kalliatakis Nikolaos , Dietl Tobias , Prakasha Prajwal Shiva , Zill Thomaz , Nagel Björn 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The effective transport of cargo across the globe by aircraft, termed strategic airlift, is foundational to the success of humanitarian aid/disaster relief (HA/DR) missions and even military operations. Due to the variable extremity of these events, it is essential for aircraft and operations to be designed with a high resilience, factoring in performance in a plethora is scenarios. This work aims to provide a framework that enables the coupling of aircraft, fleet and concepts of operations (CONOPS) design to a mission effectiveness in a strategic cargo airlift. Through agent-based modelling, the complex interaction and emergent behaviors of the different systems in the dynamic airlift environment is better captured and evaluated. Unexpected events, such as cargo requirement reformulation, aircraft servicing and changing airbase accessibility, are employed to emulate the dynamic and spontaneous nature of rapid cargo airlift missions. The impact of these events is stochastically modelled, promoting an analysis of a variety of scenarios. By creating a theoretical disaster relief mission, a trade-space exploration is conducted so that aircraft designs and operational objectives can be evaluated for their mission effect. The framework demonstrates the ability to evaluate aircraft and operational performance holistically, enabling a more robust design procedure for a variety of potential design scenarios and metrics.
Manufacturing, development and control of a two-way 3D printed soft actuator actuated with SMAs
Authors: Acevedo-Velazquez Aline Iobana , Wang Zhenbi , Winkler Anja , Modler Niels , Röbenack Klaus 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this contribution, the development of a novel two-way 3D printed soft actuator actuated with shape memory alloys (SMAs) is presented, considering all the stages from the design, manufacturing, control, and implementation. The SMAs are integrated into the 3D printed composite using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). In order to measure the deflection of the soft actuator a computer vision system was implemented. With these measures and using system identification techniques, a mathematical model was developed, which describes the dynamics of the prototype and helps to design of a controller. However, precise control of deflection in systems actuated by SMAs is challenging due to their inherent nonlinearities and hysteretic behavior. To face this challenge, a proportional-integral (PI) controller was designed based on robust stability conditions. The effectiveness of the designed PI controller was validated through experimental results.
On the design of a cup anemometer performance simulator. From the wind speed to the output data.
Authors: Alfonso-Corcuera Daniel , Curea Octavian , Ogueta-Gutiérrez Mikel , Sanz-Andrés Ángel , Pindado Santiago 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper describes some important aspects of the development of a cup anemometer performance simulator. This tool aims to simulate the different phenomena which affect the different subsystems of the anemometer, in order to develop different strategies to improve the accuracy of the data obtained through post-processing or design changes. Bearing in mind that the cup anemometer is the most widely used wind speed sensor in the wind energy sector (to control wind generators and to analyse the future economic revenue of wind farms in certain locations), the relevance of the present study should be highlighted. The software is designed in Simulink® and is divided in 4 modules representing the different subsystems of an anemometer from the actual wind speed to the output data. The first two modules of the simulator are detailed in this paper, which consist of the Rotation Rate Module and the Pulse Generating Module. The first module outputs the anemometer’s rotor angular position with time, which depends on the wind speed of the anemometer. Oscillations of the rotation rate caused by steady state harmonic accelerations are taken into account. The Pulse Generating Module simulates the optoelectronic system of the anemometer and creates the pulse train signal based on the rotor’s angular position, taking into account the manufacturing and eccentricity errors of the system. The architecture of the modules is detailed, and related with the phenomena which is intended to simulate.