bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children Under The Nazi Yoke
Authors: Kestenberg Judith S. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT. This paper deals with the effect of persecution on children during the Holocaust. The psychic consequences discussed pertain to the Nazis’assault on the children's bodies, on their ego, their superego and their identity. A brief section summarises problems of psychotherapy for child survivors and the last part deals with the consequences of Nazi ideology on the superego of Germans.Starvation and other forms of interference with the functioning of the body deplete narcissism and destroy the will to live. Ways of rekindling of narcissism and enhancing the will to live are discussed.The effect of persecution on the ego is manifold. The restriction of space with the ensuing inability to move freely, the breaking down of the children's sense of gravity with the ensuing inability to stand up or stretch, the loss of the sense of time, all represented an infringement on basic ego functions, acquired during early development. Outstanding among their defences were numbing of affect, splitting and identification with the aggressor or frustrator. However, child survivors developed an amazing ability to adapt to new and stressful circumstances.The effect of the lawlessness on the superego was especially difficult for young children and adolescents. Previously acquired rules had to be abandoned and a new set of rules had to be learned, rules which sanctified stealing as means of survival. Happily, after the return of adult guidance with their own ethical values restored, children and especially adolescents rebuilt their shattered and altered superego.The most outstanding effect of persecution was the loss of one's identity, the loss of feeling of being worthwhile and an imposition of a new religion on hidden children, who had to disavow their Jewishness to survive.The persecution of non‐Jewish children differed from the assault on the Jewish children's identity. Jews were destined to die while others were either enslaved, made to conform or even chosen to be Germanized. Many Jewish children in hiding were raised in the spirit of Christian teachings which blamed the Jews for killing the Saviour. Treatment should aim at helping the Jewish child‐survivors to regain confidence in their own memories and to raise their shattered self‐esteem.Lastly a short section deals with the way Nazis brought up their own children and distorted their superego. Grandiosity and taking advantage of the Jews to project their own guilt on them fostered lawlessness. It is suggested that the Nazis hated their own children whom they sent to war and killed when they were handicapped. This hatred was repressed and projected upon Jews. The Jews may have been chosen as scapegoats because they developed ethics which prohibited child sacrifice and thus rescued children from death, a tenet incompatible with an ideology that advocates child killing.
A Psychotherapeutic Case Illustrating a Psychogenic Factor in Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS)
Authors: Freeman Ruth 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTBurning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is described as a burning sensation of the oral mucosa, tongue, palate, lips and pharynx. The case material presented in this paper illustrates a strong psychogenic element in the aetiology of BMS. Conclusions are drawn on the basis that the patient's material suggests that the recovery of memories played a part in the resolution of her symptoms. The importance this has for psychotherapists is that it allows a reappraisal of the value of using psychoanalytic constructs as a means of understanding the mental representation, symbolisation and psychopathology of conditions of a psychogenic nature.
Assessment for Psychotherapy: Clinical Indicators of Self Cohesion and Self Pathology
Authors: Brooke Roger 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTFor a skilful psychotherapist clinical hunches may be finely differentiated and reliable, yet the evidence on which they are based tends to remain pre‐articulate. The aim of this paper is to discuss this evidence and to organise it in terms of structural considerations regarding the cohesiveness of the self. The prognostic significance of these considerations is discussed. The complexity of the issues and the value of thinking structurally are illustrated through a clinical study.
Lacan for the Faint Hearted
Authors: Skelton Ross 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThis paper introduces Lacan to the psychotherapist without using his jargon. He is shown as deeply influenced by the Russian Marxist Alexander Kojeve whose charismatic seminars on Hegel Lacan attended. This helps account for his ‘global’ perspective in which we are all determined by deep social structures or that ‘language speaks us’ . Lacan also noticed Freud's writings are shot through with almost hidden uses of Figures of Speech, and this becomes the central plank in his theory that our unconscious processes coincide with the rhetorical workings of language.
Wednesday's Child: An Adult Survivor of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Authors: Fraser Lynnett 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper examines some long‐term residues of childhood sexual abuse, drawing on relevant literature and focusing on a case study of a female patient seen three times weekly over a period of two years. I have attempted to explore the particular syndrome that is characteristic of those who have been sexually violated in childhood, by adults who also assume a position of trust. The clinical work provided evidence of the link between early maternal deprivation and vulnerability to abuse and I have illustrated my observations by emphasising the emotional context in which the abuse occurred. Specific difficulties of working with this patient are considered, including problems arising in the transference and the compulsion to repeat the traumatic experience both within and outside the therapeutic situation.
Working with a Twin: Implications for the Transference
Authors: Lewin Vivienne 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYThe relationship between twins is based on primitive mechanisms which need to be mitigated by a containing and processing mother for adequate emotional development to take place. Where this fails, the twins remain in an arrested state of development dependent on splitting and excessive projective identification, and unable to separate. This is reflected in the transference relationship, the psychotherapist being experienced as a twin, a reflection of the patient, rather than as a container. Through intervention in the twinship via interpretation of the transference relationship, the patient may be enabled to find the psychotherapist as a processing mother and to develop a sense of self, a separate identity.
There is No Such Thing as an Abused Child ‐ But There is a Phantom Hybrid of the Mind
Authors: Balbernie Robin 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTWinnicott's false self concept provides the starting point for an intrapersonal model of the impact and long‐term effect of abuse. Abuse creates a false self personality system which carries a circumscribed set of behaviours and attitudes directed both at self and others. It is the opposite of the reciprocally enhancing relationship he named holding.
Perfection or Preconception ‐ Some Thoughts on Reactions to Disability in the Therapist
Authors: Bliss Sonia 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYAn unexpected setback in my professional life caused me to consider how disability in therapists may be regarded, both by fellow‐members of the psychotherapy profession and by our clients. For example, how successful can a disabled therapist be in managing an unusual body‐image in a way that may be helpful to the client? And how aware are therapists who are physically ‘normal’ of their possible ambivalence, conscious or unconscious, towards physical ‘abnormality’ in others? These issues, and others pertaining to disability in therapists, have perhaps not received much reflection from the profession and it is to draw attention to them that I present this article.
Psychotherapy in the General Practice Surgery: Working With and Without a Secure Therapeutic Frame
Authors: Launer John 
Published: June 2007

SUMMARYMany general practices employ psychotherapists and counsellors. Some GPs have also had personal therapy and may have training in counselling or various therapies. Where different approaches are used, conflicts and rivalries can arise. This paper describes a flexible model which has helped one practice negotiate these issues. The model permits several levels of work: from opportunistic counselling in ordinary GP surgeries, to formal ‘secure‐frame’ psychotherapy. The model allows patients and practitioners to sculpt their own experiences of counselling and therapy from a variety of approaches, and allows us to combine therapeutic work with medical practice.
Reflections of Prenatal Experience in Psychoanalytic Imagery, Motifs and Process
Authors: Rucker Naomi 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the meaning of psychological life before birth to later psychological experience as represented within the analytic process. The position is taken that residues of intra‐uterine existence inevitably colour the internalisation of post‐uterine experience. Imprints of prenatal relational patterns are brought into postnatal life as themes around which subsequent representations and imagoes are constructed. Echoes of prenatal motifs can be heard in the associations and modes of relatedness that are illuminated in the process of adult psychoanalysis. The experimental and theoretical literatures relevant to this premise are reviewed and clinical illustrations are provided.
The Value of Psychotherapy Francesca Denman
Authors: Denman Francesca 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTCurrent research into Psychotherapy outcomes is reviewed in so far as it bears on the information needed to evaluate the value of purchasing psychotherapy services. Three aspects of psychotherapeutic treatment are discussed separately: efficacy (does it work), efficiency (how well does it work) and acceptability (how ‘nice’ or ‘nasty’ is it to take). It is argued that the existing research supports a cautious but positive assessment on all these aspects.
What's Happening to Mourning?
Authors: Craib Ian 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe paper attempts to show the way in which psychotherapy can become caught up in wider social processes that change the meaning of psychotherapeutic work in a way of which we are not always aware. The process of mourning is taken as an example; the classic theories of mourning are examined and the way they have changed over the last thirty years is discussed. It is argued that the changes have been a product of social change rather than a deeper understanding of grief, and that unless we are aware of this, psychotherapy can turn into an instrument of social control.
Scotoma: The Journey into the Dark
Authors: Gardiner Margaret 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe uncovering of a bizarre and frightening self‐wounding symptom in a borderline patient led the writer to explore some possible significances – both concrete and metaphorical – of the eyes in clinical work. Melanie Klein's concept of scotomisation, a very primitive form of defence, is used to shed light upon the case material. Either the darkness alters ‐ Or something in the sight Adjusts itself to midnight. (Emily Dickinson)
On Touching a Patient
Authors: Rosenberg Viqui 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the conflicting as well as complementary relation between interpretation and touch in psychotherapy. It attempts to make sense of a clinical experience in which the change of orientation and framework undergone by the therapist in the course of a patient's treatment provided an opportunity for the therapeutic relationship to move from a body‐therapy approach to a psychoanalytic one. It suggests that this particular experience may offer opportunities for discussing some problems encountered in the field of clinical practice.
The Inpatient Psychotherapy of a Mother and Child at the Cassel Hospital: A Case of Munchausen's Syndrome by Proxy
Authors: Coombe Paul 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis account of the inpatient psychoanalytic psychotherapy of a mother and child at the Cassel Hospital, London is of a serious case of so‐called ‘Munchausen's syndrome by proxy’. The mother presented two of her children to medical staff with complaints which were later found to be due to her chronic poisoning of them, by salt administration, which narrowly missed causing their death. It is an account of a treatment using both individual and group analytic methods in a psychoanalytic therapeutic community. Attention is drawn to the mother's use of projective identification defensively and malignantly in a concrete fashion and its gradual conversion into a more benign agent. The function of the institution as a container is described, and comment is made on the experience of working with severe cases of child abuse.
Othello ‐ Faith and Doubt in the Good Object
Authors: Bishop Bernardine 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper considers Shakespeare's tragedy of Othello as a symbolic enactment of intrapsychic life. The developmental movement from the paranoid‐schizoid to the depressive position and from narcissistic love, arising from the investment of parts of the self in another person, to real, interpersonal love, is arrested and finally ruined by the agency of a split‐off lago element in the personality. Faith in the good object is thereby perverted into doubt. The mechanisms whereby this happens are discussed in terms of Othello's devaluation of Desdemona in the growing presence of pathological processes.
Postmodernism and its Discontents: Therapeutic Discourse
Authors: Parker Ian 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the ways in which psychoanalytic conceptions of self and personal change suffuse culture and so frame the activities of psychotherapists. It is argued that the modern culture which gave issue to psychoanalysis has mutated in recent years into what some writers have termed ‘postmodernity’, and that psychoanalytic notions have also changed. The conceptual device of the ‘discursive complex’ is used to trace how themes of ‘intellectualization’, ‘transference’ and ‘trauma’ which organize modern therapeutic discourse have been augmented, through the development of new forms of communication technology, by postmodern themes of ‘the Symbolic’, ‘Che Vuoi’ and ‘enigmatic signifiers’.
Unravelling Countertransference
Authors: Wright Laurie Jo 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTIn this paper I will be looking at the nature of the transference relationship, and asking whether it can be seen as a template for understanding other relationships outside the analytical setting. I will be positing the idea that there are relationships with profound similarities to the analytic relationship in areas as diverse as the creative arts and family generations. It is my feeling that through a close inspection of creative transference relationships, such as the relationship between a reader and a text, we can begin to understand how dyadic transference relations are formed and acted out. I am also hoping to show that through other transference relationships we can learn to interpret and analyse the feelings of countertransference. I am suggesting that transference and countertransference feelings are not restricted to the analytical setting.
Changes in Health Service Utilization by Patients with Severe Personality Disorders before and after Inpatient Psychosocial Treatment
Authors: Chiesa Marco , Lacoponi Eduardo , Morris Mark 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTPatients with chronic and severe personality disorders place heavy demands on Health and Social Services. In this paper we present the findings of a research study which evaluated the impact of specialized inpatient psychosocial treatment on patterns of Health Service utilization in patients referred for admission to the Cassel Hospital. The comparison between a pre‐treatment and a post‐treatment sample showed a significant decrease in the use of medical, surgical and psychiatric services in the year following discharge from the hospital. We also found that the post‐treatment group relied less on the use of psychotropic medication, on cigarette and alcohol consumption, while the employment rate was increased. This paper adds to the already substantial scientific literature to show that psychotherapy and psychosocial forms of treatment make economic sense, as well as improving the psychological health of patients.
THE ANALYST IN THE COUNTING HOUSE: MONEY AS SYMBOL AND REALITY IN ANALYSIS
Authors: Haynes Jane , Wiener Jan 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe paper focuses on the ways in which many analysts have neglected their conscious and unconscious feelings about money to the detriment of their own individuation in this area. The authors highlight reasons why there is a tendency to project most of the pathology about money onto patients and emphasize the failure of training institutions to provide adequate conditions in which their members can reflect upon and integrate their money complexes. Using two clinical vignettes where money was a central issue between analyst and patient, the usefulness of Jung's concept of the shadow is illustrated. The activation of the mercurial collective aspects of the shadow which promote the avoidance of consciousness in relation to money is explored.
RACE AND COLOUR IN INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL REALITY
Authors: Timimi Sami B. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTTo understand the psychological origins and impact of racism, two assumptions are proposed. The first is that racism develops out of internal paranoid schizoid splits. The second relates to the manner in which these splits are organized. The history of racial exploitation provides powerful projection highways that can be used to maintain these internal splits. Reciprocal projective identification between internal and external white part‐objects and internal and external black part‐objects locates desirable aspects of the self in white objects and undesirable aspects in black objects. Some of the resulting complex defences and identifications are illustrated using case material.
Distribution of Radioactivity in Bone and Related Structures following Administration of [
14
C]Dalbavancin to New Zealand White Rabbits
Authors: Solon Eric G. , Dowell James A. , Lee Jonghui , King S. Peter , Damle Bharat D. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT

Penetration of dalbavancin into noninfected bone and joint tissues was assessed after an intravenous dose of 20 mg/kg (of body weight) [
14
C]dalbavancin given to rabbits. Drug-derived radioactivity, determined over 14 days by either liquid scintillation counting or autoradiography, remained above the MIC for common gram-positive pathogens that cause bone and joint infections.
Rapid Dissemination and Diversity of CTX-M Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Genes in Commensal
Escherichia coli
Isolates from Healthy Children from Low-Resource Settings in Latin America
Authors: Pallecchi Lucia , Bartoloni Alessandro , Fiorelli Costanza , Mantella Antonia , Di Maggio Tiziana , Gamboa Herlan , Gotuzzo Eduardo , Kronvall Göran , Paradisi Franco , Rossolini Gian Maria 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT

A survey carried out in 2005 among members of a healthy population of children living in Bolivia and Peru revealed that fecal carriage of
Escherichia coli
strains resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins was remarkably increased compared to that observed in the same settings in 2002 (1.7% in 2005 versus 0.1% in 2002). In this work, we demonstrated that this phenomenon was mainly related to the dissemination of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) determinants among commensal
E. coli
strains. Of 50 ESBL-producing isolates collected in the 2005 survey, 44 harbored a CTX-M-type and 6 an SHV-type (SHV-2 or SHV-12) ESBL. Compared to 2002 results, an increased diversity of CTX-M-type ESBLs was also observed: members of the CTX-M-1 group (CTX-M-15) emerged in Bolivia (where only CTX-M-2 was observed in 2002), while members of the CTX-M-9 group (CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-24) emerged in Peru (where only CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-2 were observed in 2002). A new CTX-M-2 variant named CTX-M-56 was also detected. Molecular characterization of the CTX-M-producing isolates and gene transfer experiments suggested that different mechanisms could be involved in the spreading of different CTX-M group determinants and revealed that additional resistance determinants for non-β-lactam antibiotics were preferentially carried by plasmids encoding certain CTX-M variants (CTX-M-15 and variants of the CTX-M-2 group). Three CTX-M-15-encoding conjugative plasmids from Peruvian isolates carried the new fluoroquinolone resistance gene
aac(6
′
)-Ib-cr
. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of the detection of
aac(6
′
)-Ib-cr
in Latin America.
Influence of Morbid Obesity on the Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Daptomycin
Authors: Pai Manjunath P. , Norenberg Jeffrey P. , Anderson Tamara , Goade Diane W. , Rodvold Keith A. , Telepak Robert A. , Mercier Renee-Claude 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACT

The present study characterized the single-dose pharmacokinetics of daptomycin dosed as 4 mg/kg of total body weight (TBW) in seven morbidly obese and seven age-, sex-, race-, and serum creatinine-matched healthy subjects. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured for both groups following a single bolus injection of [
125
I]sodium iothalamate. Noncompartmental analysis was used to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters, and these values were normalized against TBW, ideal body weight (IBW), and fat-free weight (FFW) for comparison of the two groups. All subjects enrolled in this study were female, and the mean (±standard deviation) body mass index was 46.2 ± 5.5 kg/m
2
or 21.8 ± 1.9 kg/m
2
for the morbidly obese or normal-weight group, respectively. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the concentration-time curve from dosing to 24 h were approximately 60% higher (
P
< 0.05) in the morbidly obese group than in the normal-weight group, and these were a function of the higher total dose received in the morbidly obese group. No differences in daptomycin volume of distribution (
V
), total clearance, renal clearance, or protein binding were noted between the two groups. Of TBW, FFW, or IBW, TBW provided the best correlation to
V
. In contrast, TBW overestimated GFR through creatinine clearance calculations using the Cockcroft-Gault equation. Use of IBW in the Cockcroft-Gault equation or use of the four-variable modification of diet in renal disease equation best estimated GFR in morbidly obese subjects. Further studies of daptomycin pharmacokinetics in morbidly obese patients with acute bacterial infections and impaired renal function are necessary to better predict appropriate dosage intervals.