bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Signature of Serum MicroRNA Folding Change in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jawad Ahmed , Hameed Rana M. , Al-Awadi Jasem Hanoon Hashim 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
A class of endogenous single-stranded short noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) has become important epigenetic regulators of physiological and pathological processes in numerous disorders. They regulate the posttranscriptional expression of many genes to control basic cellular pathways and functions. Many research indicates that miRNAs play a role in the initiation and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

OBJECTIVE:
This study was comprehensively focused on the role of miRNA-146a and impaired cellular functions in RA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A case–control study was conducted on a total of 90 samples, comprising 30 control samples and 60 RA patient samples. Samples of patients were chosen from the Imam Hassan al-Mujtaba Hospital located in Kerbala Governate. RNAClean XP Kit and an RNase-Free DNase Set were used to isolate and purify total RNA. Through statistical analysis, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine how effectively the predicted value worked.

RESULTS:
Patients with RA were shown an increasing level of the folding change of miRNA-146a when compared to the control groups. A comparison of serum level of miRNA-146a fold change in different body mass index (BMI) groups was also performed. The level of folding change was shown a massive increasing that was seen with increasing BMI. It was found that miRNA-146a and folding change were highly significant risk factors in RA.

CONCLUSION:
MiRNAs-164a may be an appealing alternative for usage as biomarkers in clinical applications such as prognosis and disease detection.
Assessment of Hemorrhagic Risk in Maintenance Hemodialysis Population using Different Clinical Tools
Authors: Varghese Arlen , Zachariah Seeba , Jagdale Rajaram 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
End stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) face an elevated bleeding risk. There are the factors such as body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and medications such as antiplatelet, anticoagulants, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that increase the bleeding risk. The validity of bleeding risk assessment tools in the ESKD population needs to be studied.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective, observational study in a HD unit at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ajman. Sixty adult patients on regular maintenance HD sessions were included in the study. Severity of bleeding was categorized based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Each patient’s risk of bleeding was assessed monthly using 9 different bleeding risk assessment tools (HASBLED, ATRIA, HEMORR2HAGES, ORBIT, IMPROVE, OBRI, S2TOP-BLEED, intracranial-B2 LEED3S, and Glasgow Blatchford Score for gastrointestinal bleeding) for 6 months’ period. Patients were categorized into low- and high-risk groups according to their risk scores. The predictive power of risk assessment tools was assessed by calculating its sensitivity and specificity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the curve was estimated for each risk assessment tool. Logistic regression model was also done using the SPSS software version 29.

RESULTS:
The mean age of the study group was 56 years, and the average BMI was 27 kg/m2. A total of 20 bleeding events were reported among ten patients (16.7%). The WHO category 1 and WHO category 2 bleeding were observed in 15 and 5 bleeding events, respectively. None had category 3 or 4 bleeding. Bleeding risk was found to be associated with ethnicity and obesity but not to other patient demographic factors or medication use. Based on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the area under the ROC curve, HEMORR2HAGES score showed better prediction of bleeding risk compared to the other tools used.

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, most of the risk assessment tools showed poor predictive value in the maintenance HD population. Existing bleeding risk tools may not be helpful in dialysis patients. A more valid bleeding risk tool needs to be developed for the ESKD patient population.
Red Cell Histograms and Spurious Parameters in Anemia – Study of Diagnostic Utility of Autoanalyzer Results
Authors: Agarwal Saricha , Rajashekar Rajalakshmi Birur , Krishnamurthy Vani 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Red blood cell (RBC) histograms generated by automated hematology analyzers have shown characteristic patterns useful in identifying the different red cell populations and give diagnostic clues. Although the analyzer results are precise, spurious results have been reported owing to preanalytical and analytical variables which warrant the evaluation of validity of other parameters.

AIMS:
The study was meant to evaluate the diagnostic utility of red cell indices and histograms in the morphological diagnosis of anemia and to interpret the spurious values generated by autoanalyzers.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken including 917 cases of anemia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The histograms and the red cell indices generated by autoanalyzer Mindray CAL-6000 were studied in all cases and correlated with peripheral smear.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Analysis was done using Mann–Whitney U-test for medians and interquartile range of numerical variables and Chi-square test/Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.

RESULTS:
Characteristic patterns were observed in histograms such as left shift, right shift, and bimodal peaks in microcytic hypochromic anemia, macrocytic anemia, and dimorphic anemia, respectively. Spurious parameters in the study comprised high red cell indices, low RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit mismatch in cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Spuriously high mean corpuscular volume was associated with reticulocytosis. In vitro hemolysis was identified by factitious thrombocytosis with abnormal platelet and RBC histograms.

CONCLUSION:
Histograms when combined with red cell indices are of practical utility in differentiating the various morphologic types of anemia and are speculative in alerting the hematologists about the spurious parameters, forming an indispensable diagnostic tool.
Teneligliptin mitigates diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Zhang Gu-Lao , Liu Yuan , Liu Yan-Feng , Huang Xian-Tao , Tao Yu , Chen Zhen-Huan , Lai Heng-Li 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is a complication of diabetes, poses a great threat to public health. Recent studies have confirmed the role of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) activation in DCM development through the inflammatory response. Teneligliptin is an oral hypoglycemic dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor used to treat diabetes. Teneligliptin has recently been reported to have anti-inflammatory and protective effects on myocardial cells.
AIM
To examine the therapeutic effects of teneligliptin on DCM in diabetic mice.
METHODS
Streptozotocin was administered to induce diabetes in mice, followed by treatment with 30 mg/kg teneligliptin.
RESULTS
Marked increases in cardiomyocyte area and cardiac hypertrophy indicator heart weight/tibia length reductions in fractional shortening, ejection fraction, and heart rate; increases in creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels; and upregulated NADPH oxidase 4 were observed in diabetic mice, all of which were significantly reversed by teneligliptin. Moreover, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased release of interleukin-1β in diabetic mice were inhibited by teneligliptin. Primary mouse cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose (30 mmol/L) with or without teneligliptin (2.5 or 5 µM) for 24 h. NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Increases in CK-MB, AST, and LDH levels in glucose-stimulated cardiomyocytes were markedly inhibited by teneligliptin, and AMP (p-adenosine 5‘-monophosphate)-p-AMPK (activated protein kinase) levels were increased. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of teneligliptin on hyperglycaemia-induced cardiomyocytes were abolished by the AMPK signaling inhibitor compound C.
CONCLUSION
Overall, teneligliptin mitigated DCM by mitigating activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Icariin accelerates bone regeneration by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zheng Sheng , Hu Guan-Yu , Li Jun-Hua , Zheng Jia , Li Yi-Kai 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid compound monomer, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on bone defect in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been examined.
AIM
To explore the role and potential mechanism of ICA on bone defect in the context of T1DM.
METHODS
The effects of ICA on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. A bone defect model was established in T1DM rats. The model rats were then treated with ICA or placebo and micron-scale computed tomography, histomorphometry, histology, and sequential fluorescent labeling were used to evaluate the effect of ICA on bone formation in the defect area.
RESULTS
ICA promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The ICA treated-BMSCs showed higher expression levels of osteogenesis-related markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) and angiogenesis-related markers (vascular endothelial growth factor A and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) compared to the untreated group. ICA was also found to induce osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs. In the bone defect model T1DM rats, ICA facilitated bone formation and CD31hiEMCNhi type H-positive capillary formation. Lastly, ICA effectively accelerated the rate of bone formation in the defect area.
CONCLUSION
ICA was able to accelerate bone regeneration in a T1DM rat model by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs.
Long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps: Results from a 10-year cohort
Authors: Fábián Anna , Bor Renáta , Vasas Béla , Szűcs Mónika , Tóth Tibor , Bősze Zsófia , Szántó Kata Judit , Bacsur Péter , Bálint Anita , Farkas Bernadett , Farkas Klaudia , Milassin Ágnes , Rutka Mariann , Resál Tamás , Molnár Tamás , Szepes Zoltán 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
Choosing an optimal post-polypectomy management strategy of malignant colorectal polyps is challenging, and evidence regarding a surveillance-only strategy is limited.
AIM
To evaluate long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps.
METHODS
A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps between 2010 and 2020. Residual disease rate and nodal metastases after secondary surgery and local and distant recurrence rate for those with at least 1 year of follow-up were investigated. Event rates for categorical variables and means for continuous variables with 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test were performed. Potential risk factors of adverse outcomes were determined with univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.
RESULTS
In total, 135 lesions (mean size: 22.1 mm; location: 42% rectal) from 129 patients (mean age: 67.7 years; 56% male) were enrolled. The proportion of pedunculated and non-pedunculated lesions was similar, with en bloc resection in 82% and 47% of lesions, respectively. Tumor differentiation, distance from resection margins, depth of submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and budding were reported at 89.6%, 45.2%, 58.5%, 31.9%, and 25.2%, respectively. Residual tumor was found in 10 patients, and nodal metastasis was found in 4 of 41 patients who underwent secondary surgical resection. Univariate analysis identified piecemeal resection as a risk factor for residual malignancy (odds ratio: 1.74; P = 0.042). At least 1 year of follow-up was available for 117 lesions from 111 patients (mean follow-up period: 5.59 years). Overall, 54%, 30%, 30%, 11%, and 16% of patients presented at the 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, 7-year, and 9-10-year surveillance examinations. Adverse outcomes occurred in 9.0% (local recurrence and dissemination in 4 patients and 9 patients, respectively), with no difference between patients undergoing secondary surgery and surveillance only.
CONCLUSION
Reporting of histological features and adherence to surveillance colonoscopy needs improvement. Long-term adverse outcome rates might be higher than previously reported, irrespective of whether secondary surgery was performed.
Occupational prevalence rates in metallurgists in the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Gazimova Venera G. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The previous analysis conducted for 2003–2022 showed ferrous industry employing over twenty five thousand people to make the most contribution to occupational disease incidence rates in the Sverdlovsk Region since 68.6 % of its workers are affected by industrial exposures above occupational safety standards. The purpose of the study was the analysis of occupational disease incidence in workers of a ferrous metal processing plant of the Sverdlovsk Region and assessment of the impact of adverse factors of the work environment and industrial processes on its rates.
Materials and methods. Long-term occupational disease incidence in workers of the ferrous metal processing plant has been analyzed by the causative agent, nosology, age, gender, and job. Data of the reporting form No. 1-T (working conditions) for the study period have been scrutinized; comparative data evaluation by working conditions and occupational disease incidence rates has been made.
Results. High incidence rates of work-related diseases in the metallurgists indicate to a significant proportion (70 %) of them to be exposed to occupational hazards. The established 20-year rate at the enterprise was 5.6 and 1.6 times higher than the regional and Russian averages in this industry, respectively. Increased gas and dust levels in the workplace air remain the leading health risk factors in ferrous metallurgy.
Limitations. The limitation of this study was the lack of annual data on workers by job preventing calculation of job-specific disease incidence rates per 10 thousand workers.
Conclusion. Despite the substantial modernization of the metallurgical complex, metal processing technology still does not comply with safety standards, thus requiring the development and implementation of science-based preventive measures aimed at maintaining workers’ health.
Contributing and Hindering Factors of Learner’s Persistence in a Free Basic Education
Authors: Hyoduk Kim , Ortega-Dela Cruz Ruth A. 
Published: April 2024

Access to free basic education is a critical cornerstone for the development of individuals and societies. However, despite efforts to provide free education, learner persistence remains a challenge in many regions. Hence, the study was conducted to discuss contributing and hindering factors affecting learner’s persistence. A survey was conducted among 79 pupils from Kinder to Grade IV. Key informants consisting of the teachers, parents, and three former students also formed part of the respondents. The findings showed that contributing factors were mostly teacher and school related. While hindering factors were student and classroom related. By understanding these factors, policymakers and educators can design targeted interventions to enhance the effectiveness of education initiatives. Thus, stakeholders must collaborate to create an environment where learners are empowered to overcome barriers and pursue their educational aspirations.
Impacts of spatiotemporal resolutions of precipitation on flood event simulation based on multimodel structures – a case study over the Xiang River basin in China
Authors: Zhu Qian , Qin Xiaodong , Zhou Dongyang , Yang Tiantian , Song Xinyi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Accurate flood event simulation and prediction, enabled by effective models and reliable data, are critical for mitigating the potential risk of flood disaster. This study aims to investigate the impacts of spatiotemporal resolutions of precipitation on flood event simulation in a large-scale catchment of China. We use high-spatiotemporal-resolution Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) products and a gauge-based product as precipitation forcing for hydrologic simulation. Three hydrological models (HBV, SWAT and DHSVM) and a data-driven model (long short-term memory (LSTM) network) are utilized for flood event simulation. Two calibration strategies are carried out, one of which targets matching of the flood events, with peak discharge exceeding 8600 m3 s−1 between January 2015 and December 2017, and the other one is the conventional strategy for matching the entire streamflow time series. The results indicate that the event-based calibration strategy improves the performance of flood event simulation compared with a conventional calibration strategy, except for DHSVM. Both hydrological models and LSTM yield better flood event simulation at a finer temporal resolution, especially in flood peak simulation. Furthermore, SWAT and DHSVM are less sensitive to the spatial resolutions of IMERG, while the performance of LSTM obtains improvement when degrading the spatial resolution of IMERG-L. Generally, LSTM outperforms the hydrological models in most flood events, which implies the usefulness of the deep learning algorithms for flood event simulation.
Improvement of financial reporting of organisations in the conditions of digital economy development
Authors: Dauletkhanova Zh. D. , Alpysbayev K. S. , Bazylzhanova A. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to investigate the current trends in the development of financial reporting of entities in the context of digitalisation of the economy both at the domestic and global level. The prospects of using XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) as the main digital format for presenting business reporting were analysed.Methodology. In the work on this article were applied such scientific methods as analysis, collection and processing of primary data, statistical observation and comparison, comparative methods.Originality / value of the study - The study is of value and originality in the context of formation and presentation of financial statements in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author's approach to this process is unique and has the potential to improve the efficiency and transparency of financial reporting in the country.Results of the study - The results of the study provide valuable information that can be used by various financial market stakeholders, namely national financial regulators in making decisions to develop and improve policies and regulations; to help investors make informed investment decisions; international financial market participants, forecasting currency fluctuations and making strategic decisions; professional associations.
Current state and prospects of the Chinese gas market
Authors: Zhuman Zh. , Xuan Zhai , Makulova A. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study. Analyze the state of the Chinese gas market, the relationship between the problem of imported gas supplies and economic factors for the chain of the Chinese gas industry.Methodology. The research is based on the methods of an economic and mathematical model for the efficiency of natural gas transportation, a weighted average multi-index indicator, analysis of statistical data, study of scientific and journalistic literature. The value of research. The authors of the article identified topical issues of ensuring energy security, considering the trends of the global and Chinese gas market and the opportunity for further international cooperation. The recommendations proposed by the authors are of real importance for understanding the Chinese gas market.The results of the study. The authors of the article analyzed data on the demand and consumption of natural gas in China, as well as on the indices of the supplier countries in recent years. It is concluded that the Chinese gas market has great potential for the development of energy cooperation, and China also concluded that it is highly dependent on imports in the structure of gas consumption. Pipeline gas is an important source of natural gas imports to China and one of the main guarantees of energy security. Based on the results of the analysis, the prospects of cooperation between China and such supplier countries as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Russia in the gas industry are substantiated.
Classification and evaluation of the methodology in human capital analysis at a company level
Authors: Assanova A. Zh. , Ospanova A. M. , Malayeva R. A. 
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to explore the concept of human capital and its inherent factors, as well as to classify various approaches and methodologies for assessing human capital both within individual companies and in the national economy as a whole. This study aims to explore and consolidate methodologies used to assess human capital, offering valuable information for strategic decision making in an organizational context.Research methodology. The study primarily uses a qualitative research approach based on a comprehensive review of both domestic and international literature. Scientific methods such as comparative analysis, systematic analysis, and classification are used.Originality/value of the research. The importance of this research is in the amalgamation of diverse theoretical viewpoints and methods, leading to a holistic comprehension of evaluating human capital and its effects on both organizational effectiveness and societal advancement.Findings. The methodology employed in this study enables organizations to make well-informed choices regarding the allocation of resources, employee growth initiatives, and talent retention strategies. Moreover, the incorporation of the Human Capital Index (HCI) emerges as a pivotal instrument, offering a thorough evaluation of workforce capabilities and their influence on organizational effectiveness. The HCI's capacity to measure the outcomes of human capital investments on productivity, innovation, and the enduring sustainability of the organization underscores its crucial role in shaping strategic decision-making processes.
What is Epistemological Anarchism?
Authors: Kilian Krzysztof J. 
Published: April 2024

Epistemological anarchism is a methodological fallibilism, i.e. an approach according to which all scientific knowledge is not only provisional, but so are the methods of acquiring it. It is a belief that we are doomed to a provisional character of knowledge, yet the guide to this provisionality is a selected methodology. This conviction is contrasted with the belief that not only are we doomed to a provisional character of knowledge, but that we have no permanent guide to this provisional knowledge.