bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased incidence of Kawasaki disease in South Korea during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Oh Kyung Jin , Lee Sang-Yun 
Published: April 2024

PurposeAnalyzing Kawasaki disease epidemiology during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in South Korea using 2012–2020 National Health Insurance Service data.MethodsThe incidence of Kawasaki disease for 2012–2020 was investigated to identify changes in incidence after the start of the pandemic. National Health Insurance Service data from the Republic of Korea were used. Kawasaki disease was defined based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, the Tenth Revision diagnostic code (M30.3), and the intravenous immunoglobulin prescription code. Prescription history was collected for the following medications: intravenous immunoglobulin, aspirin, corticosteroids, tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist, clopidogrel, and anticoagulation drugs.ResultsThe Kawasaki disease incidence per 100,000 individuals younger than 5 years was 238.9, 230.0, and 141.2 in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. Regarding the incidence from 2012 to 2020, it was the highest in 2018 and decreased to 141.2 (p &lt; 0.001) in 2020, after the start of the pandemic. In 2020, 28.3% of all patients with KD were infants, a percentage significantly higher than that of the previous year (p &lt; 0.001). There was biphasic seasonality in the monthly Kawasaki disease incidence. The Kawasaki disease incidence was the highest in winter followed by that in early summer.ConclusionAfter the start of the pandemic, the Kawasaki disease incidence decreased, and the percentage of patients with Kawasaki disease aged &lt;1 year increased. These findings provide support for the hypothesis suggesting an infectious trigger in Kawasaki disease.
Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal the mechanisms of curcumin activity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhang Zhilong , Li Qian , Hu Zilong , Chen Yuan , Chen Hao , Cai Wei , Du Qiancheng , Zhang Peng , Xiong Dian , Ye Shugao 
Published: April 2024

Background: Curcumin (CUR), an effective traditional Chinese medicinal extract, displays good anti-cancer activity against various cancers. Nevertheless, the impacts and fundamental mechanisms of CUR to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) yet to be comprehensively clarified. This study examined the suppressive impacts of CUR on ESCC.Methods: For a comprehensive understanding of the effect of CUR in ESCC. The CUR targets and ESCC-related genes were identified respectively, and the intersection targets between CUR and ESCC were acquired. Then, we examined the intersection targets and discovered genes that were expressed differently in ESCC. Using DAVID, enrichment analyses were conducted on the targets of CUR-ESCC. The STRING database and Cytoscape v.3.9.1 were utilized to build networks for protein-protein interaction (PPI) and drug-target-pathway. Furthermore, the interactions between CUR and its core targets were confirmed by molecular docking studies. To confirm the effects of CUR on ESCC cells, in vitro experiments were finally conducted.Results: Overall, 47 potential CUR targets for ESCC treatment were identified. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 61 signaling pathways, primarily associated with the FoxO signaling, the cell cycle, cellular senescence, the IL-17 signaling pathway which play important roles in ESCC progression. In the PPI network and the docking results identified CHEK1 and CDK6 as the core targets that positively associated with ESCC survival. CUR arrested ESCC cells at the G2/M and S phases, as shown by flow cytometry. Colony formation and CCK8 assays showed that CUR can inhibit the proliferative ability of ESCC cells. The Transwell invasion results validated that CUR can significantly inhibit the invasion rates of ESCC cells.Conclusion: Collectively, these findings indicate that CUR exhibits pharmacological effects on multiple targets and pathways in ESCC.
12-mJ 1-kHz cryogenically cooled rod Yb:YAG regenerative amplifier
Authors: Zhang Guangyin , Li Ruixuan , Li Kui , Li Jie , Bai Zhenao , Fan Zhongwei 
Published: April 2024

We report on a continuous-wave (CW) pumped cryogenically cooled rod Yb:YAG regenerative amplifier delivering uncompressed 12-mJ, 90-ps, 1030-nm pulses at a 1-kHz repetition rate. The amplifier demonstrates an efficiency of 31.7%. A symmetric cavity design was utilized to compensate for the substantial thermal lensing effect, yielding a final measured beam quality of 1.1 in both horizontal and vertical directions. After significant gain narrowing, the measured spectra exhibit a bandwidth of 0.3 nm corresponding to an approximately 5 ps transform-limited pulse.
Phenological response of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to climate change in the Western Carpathian climatic-geographical zones
Authors: Skvareninova Jana , Sitko Roman , Vido Jaroslav , Snopková Zora , Skvarenina Jaroslav 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe paper analyzes the results of 26 years (1996–2021) of phenological observations of the vegetative organs of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the Western Carpathians. It evaluates the influence of the heterogeneity of this territory, including relief and elevation, based on climatic-geographical types.MethodsPhenological stages, including leaf unfolding, full leaves, leaf coloring, and leaf fall, were monitored at 40 phenological stations across eight elevation zones. The study assesses trends in the occurrence of phenological stages, the length of the growing season, and phenological elevation gradients.ResultsThe results indicate a statistically significant earlier onset of spring phenological phases and delay in autumn phases, resulting in an average extension of the beech growing season by 12 days. Our findings confirm that the lengthening of the growing season due to warming, as an expression of climate change, is predominantly attributed to the warming in the spring months. The detected delayed onset of autumn phenophases was not due to warming in the autumn months, but other environmental factors influence it. The trend of elongation of the growing season (p&lt;0.01) is observed in all elevation zones, with a less significant trend observed only in zones around 400 and 600 m a.s.l, signaling changes in environmental conditions across most of the elevation spectrum. Moreover, the heterogeneity of climatic-geographical types within each elevation zone increases the variability in the duration of the growing season for sites with similar elevations. By extending the growing season, it is assumed that the beech area will be changed to locations with optimal environmental conditions, especially in terms of adverse climatic events (late spring frosts, drought) during the growing season. The phenological elevation gradients reveal an earlier onset of 2.2 days per 100 m for spring phenophases and a delay of 1.1–2.9 days per 100 m for autumn phenophases.DiscussionThese findings highlight the specific environmental conditions of European beech in the Western Carpathians and their potential for anticipating changes in its original area. Additionally, these observations can aid in forecasting the further development of phenological manifestations related to climate change.
The impact of job stress on perceived professional benefits among Chinese nurses caring for patients with gynecological cancer: mediating effects of perceived social support and self-efficacy
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Meng Xinhai , Zhou Lihua 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionNurses caring for patients with gynecological cancer experience significant job stress, which adversely impacts their mental health. Previous studies have indicated that perceived professional benefits serves as a protective factor for nurses’ mental health, and factors such as job stress, perceived social support and self-efficacy influence their perceived professional benefits. However, the relationships between these factors and the associated mechanisms have remained incompletely understood. This study explored the role of perceived social support and self-efficacy in job stress and perceived professional benefits among nurses caring for patients with gynecological cancer.MethodsDuring June and July 2023, an investigation was conducted in Anhui Province. The Nurse Job Stressors Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Nurses’ Perceived Professional Benefits Questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale were administered to 311 nurses caring for patients with gynecological cancer. A chained-mediated effect model was constructed and validated.ResultsJob stress negatively affected nurses’ perceived professional benefits. Perceived social support was a mediator in job stress and nurses’ perceived professional benefits, with a mediating effect value of −0.093. Additionally, perceived social support and self-efficacy functioned as sequential mediators in this relationship, with a mediating effect value of −0.032.ConclusionThis study unveils the influencing mechanisms of job stress on perceived professional benefits of nurses caring for patients with gynecological cancer. It is essential for nursing managers to alleviate nurses’ job stress, provide sufficient and effective social support and improve their self-efficacy, ultimately enhancing their perceived professional benefits.
The function of web decorations in orb web spiders
Authors: Walter André 
Published: April 2024

Visual signal, mechanical reinforcement, protein storage, or non-functional stress response? Web decorations constructed by a number of orb web spider species puzzle behavioural ecologists. While some species use a variety of construction materials, it seems particularly difficult to solve the issue for silk decorations. The visual pattern of decoration structures has sparked the researchers’ imagination, and the conclusion that they act as signals is unsurprising. For over a century, however, we have not found a conclusive answer on a specific signal function of silk decorations. More recent studies even suggest that the construction mode of web decorations may render a specific signal function rather unlikely. In this review, I discuss reasons for the continuous struggle to find conclusive answers and what could be alternative routes for unravelling their adaptive significance. Based on my own experience in the field, I present a personal viewpoint, which I hope will be inspiring at a stage where research in this field seems to have reached a dead end. We are faced with a controversial debate, inconclusive and sometimes contradicting results; and an interest in new studies is fading. I draw the attention to three trouble areas, covering research gaps, logical inconsistencies and conceptual misunderstandings. More specifically: 1) Web decorations should be treated more as the dependent variable. 2) Experimental setups of several earlier studies appear flawed in retrospect, and their results thus overinterpreted. 3) We have not understood the evolutionary origin of web decoration. We may look at a signal that is still in an early phase of shaping, and inconclusive results may thus be inevitable. Finally, if web decorations do not act as signals, studies that look for exactly that cannot find conclusive results. In discussing these issues critically, I argue, we can open new routes for progress in finding a satisfying solution of the riddle of the silk decoration function.
Assessing Cognition in CKD Using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox
Authors: Zhang Alexander , Furgeson Seth , Shapiro Allison , Bjornstad Petter , You Zhiying , Tommerdahl Kalie L. , Dixon Angelina , Stenson Erin , Oh Ester , Kendrick Jessica 
Published: April 2024

Key Points

Participants with CKD had detectable cognitive deficits in fluid cognition, dexterity, and total cognition.Sex differences in cognition exist in people with CKD.

Background
CKD is largely an age-related clinical disorder with accelerated cognitive and cardiovascular aging. Cognitive impairment is a well-documented occurrence in midlife and older adults with CKD and affects multiple domains. We examined cognition function and potential sex differences in cognition in adults with CKD.

Methods
We included 105 individuals (49.5% women) with CKD stage 3b–4 (eGFR, 15–44 ml/min) from the Bicarbonate Administration in CKD Trial (NCT02915601). We measured cognitive function using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery, which assesses cognitive and motor measures, such as executive function, attention, memory, and dexterity. All study measures were collected and analyzed at the study baseline.

Results
The mean (SD) age and eGFR were 61±12 years and 34.9±9.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Overall, when compared with the National Institutes of Health Toolbox reference population, participants scored, on average, below the 50th percentile across all cognitive domain tests and the dexterity test. Total cognition scores were also below the 50th percentile. Participants with stage 4 CKD had significantly lower fluid cognition scores compared with those with CKD stage 3b (β-estimate −5.4 [95% confidence interval, −9.8 to −0.9]; P = 0.03). Female participants with CKD performed significantly better on the episodic memory tests and dexterity tests (dominant and nondominant pegboard tests) and had higher crystallized cognition scores, on average, compared with male participants.

Conclusions
Participants with CKD had detectable cognitive deficits in fluid cognition, dexterity, and total cognition. In addition, sex differences in cognitive measures were found among people with CKD.
Review and prospects of geotextiles: role of babassu fibers
Authors: Bezerra Indira Q. M. , Mastro Nelida L. Del 
Published: April 2024

With the increase of global environmental changes and intensive anthropogenic activities, it is extremely important to maintain and improve soil function. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms. Different structures and forms of geotextiles are available to geotechnical engineers. Geotextiles in the form of woven and nonwoven structures are mostly used in various geo-engineering applications. This review focus on how the use of geotextiles have grown during the last decades and the importance of a particular material to be base of geotextiles, babassu (Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng, Arecaceae)) that is a palm with socioeconomic and ecologic importance found in humid tropical areas in Brazil.
Semantic Modeling of Ways to Verbalize Emotions
in the Political Discourse of Germany
Authors: Zorina Anastasia 
Published: April 2024

The article deals with methods of verbalization of various emotions, considered on the material of authentic texts related to the political discourse of Germany.
There is a predominance of the emotional component over the rational one in modern political communication, therefore there is a need for a comprehensive study of the technique of nominating various emotional states. The purpose of the analysis is to identify the features of the semantic aspect of the linguistic representation of emotions
in German-language political texts.
This study is carried out using the method of semantic modelling according to five parameters reflecting the main types of syntagmatic relations between the meanings of words within one speech segment (a word combination or a sentence):
«signs of emotion», «activity of emotion», «manifestation of emotion», «carrier of emotion», «cause of emotion».
The following conclusions were obtained in the course of this study: the parameters «signs of emotion» and «activity of emotion» are the most productive within the framework of German political discourse; within the parameters mentioned
above, the phenomenon of metaphorization is noted, which can also be considered as one of the productive means of verbalization of emotions; according to the type of
evaluation sign, the predominance of negative emotions is observed in the political discourse of Germany.
The results of the research conducted in this article can be used in research and teaching activities related to the study of the features of the emotional aspect of
modern communication from a linguistic point of view.
The Assessment of the Danger of Pathogens of Zoonotic Viral Infections as Potential Agents of Pandemics
Authors: Sizikova T. E. , Lebedev V. N. , Borisevich S. V. 
Published: April 2024

The transmission of pathogens from animals to humans is the cause of the appearance of the majority of newly emerging diseases. The purpose of this review is to assess the danger of zoonotic pathogens of dangerous and especially dangerous viral infectious diseases as potential agents of pandemics. Materials and methods. The paper presents an analysis of data published in domestic and English-language scientific publications, as well as posted on the Internet. The research method is analytical. The discussion of the results. At least 70 % of all emerging diseases have a zoonotic reservoir. The exponential growth of human activity in previously undeveloped territories determines the increasing influence of zoonotic pathogens. The infection of people with zoonotic pathogens occurs in direct and indirect contact with infected animals and surfaces contaminated with their secretions, transmissible transmission through arthropod bites, food transport through the consumption of contaminated food and drinking water. Two different transmission models have been established among zoonoses from wild animals to man. One of these models assumes, that human infection is a random event with a low probability, in the future, the pathogen is transmitted from person to person. In the second model, direct or vector-mediated pathogen transfer from animal to human is a link in the natural cycle of the pathogen. The risk of transmission of the virus from the zoonotic reservoir to humans is the highest in animal species adapted to human habitats. Conclusions. The highest level of danger as a source of zoonotic diseases represent primates, ungulates, carnivores and especially bats, which are natural reservoirs for a number of dangerous and especially dangerous viral diseases. Representatives of families Poxviridae, Ortomyxoviridae and Coronaviridae have already been caused pandemics, which caused enormous damage to all spheres of human activity. These pathogens can be considered as the most likely agents of future pandemics.
Comparison of vacuum ultraviolet irradiation and oxygen plasma treatment as pretreatment for copper seed layer on cycloolefin polymer
Authors: Shimizu Akihiro , Fukada Kazuhiro , Endo Shinichi , Kambara Shinji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study explores the factors governing the peel strength characteristics between a cycloolefin polymer (COP) film and a copper plating layer with a copper seed layer, for applying to antenna circuits in 6 G communications. The peel strength depended on the surface modification methods as pretreatment for copper seed layer formation: vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation and oxygen plasma treatment. VUV irradiation induced a modified layer with brittleness on the COP surface, leading to substrate failure. Conversely, oxygen plasma treatment formed a quite thin modified layer and facilitated Cu2O formation by bonding functional groups on the topmost COP surface with copper in the seed layer at the interface between the COP film and the copper plating layer, resulting in interface failure rather than substrate failure. Therefore, enhancing peel strength involves preventing the formation of a modified layer on the surface and generating a significant quantity of functional groups on the topmost surface.
Control of quality factor of atomic force microscopy cantilever by cavity optomechanical effect
Authors: Austin-Bingamon Noah , D. C. Binod , Miyahara Yoichi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The effective quality factor of the cantilever plays a fundamental role in dynamic mode atomic force microscopy. Here we present a technique to modify the quality factor of an atomic force microscopy cantilever within a Fabry–Perot optical interferometer. The experimental setup uses two separate laser sources to detect and excite the oscillation of the cantilever. While the intensity modulation of the excitation laser drives the oscillation of the cantilever, the average intensity can be used to modify the quality factor via optomechanical force without changing the fiber-cantilever cavity length. The technique enables users to optimize the quality factor for different types of measurements without influencing the deflection measurement sensitivity. An unexpected frequency shift was observed and modelled as temperature dependence of the cantilever’s Young’s modulus, which was validated using finite element simulation. The model was used to compensate for the thermal frequency shift. The simulation provided relations between optical power, temperature, and frequency shift.
Perencanaan Strategis Kurikulum Madrasah dalam Memperbaiki Mutu Pendidikan di MI Nur Riska Kota Lubuklinggau
Authors: Restu Dianoprita , Yanto Murni , Warlizasusi Jumira , Faturrochman Irwan 
Published: April 2024

<p>Madrasah seperti institusi lainnya, umumnya memiliki tujuan yang ingin dicapai, dan mencapainya memerlukan pengembangan strategi yang efektif. Perencanaan strategis merupakan tahap awal dalam mengembangkan suatu program pendidikan yang efektif. Ini melibatkan penetapan visi jangka panjang, misi, dan tujuan pendidikan. Rencana strategis juga mencakup pemilihan pendekatan pedagogis yang sesuai dengan tujuan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perencanaan strategis kurikulum madrasah di MI Nur Riska Kota Lubuklinggau, mutu pendidikan dan dampak perencanaan strategis kurikulum madrasah Penelitian ini merupakan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan metode kualitatif dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumetasi. sumber data terdiri dari sumber data primer. data yang sudah terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan metode reduksi, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa perencanaan strategis kurikulum madrasah yang dilakukan MI Nur Riska Kota Lubuklinggau dilakukan dengan tahapan yakni membentuk tim Mutu,menganalisis lingkungan, merumuskan visi,misi dan tujuan, menetapkan visi misi dan tujuan madrasah, sosialisasi,mengembangkan kerangka kurikulum, menetapkan rencana kurikulum, melakukan peninjauan dan revisi kurikulum, melakukan pertemuan dengan pihak lembaga madrasah, mengalokasikan dana sesuai renstra, dan melakukan persetujuan dengan pihak terkait dengan renstra. Mutu Pendidikan di MI Nur Riska Kota Lubuklinggau dengan menganalisis dan melibatkan 8 standar pendidikan yang ada dimadrasah, yakni standar kompetensi lulusan, standar isi, standar proses, standar pendidik dan kependidikan, standar sarana dan prasarana, standar pembiayaan, standar pengelolaan, dan standar penilaian. Dengan adanya perencanaan strategis pada madrasah ini, memiliki dampak yang berguna sebagai kerangka kerja yang dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam pelaksanaan segala kegiatan yang dilihat dari banyaknya peningkatan yang ada di MI Nur Riska Kota Lubuklinggau setelah renstra tersebut diterapkan.</p>