bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution 3D arteriography of chronic total peripheral occlusions using a T1‐W turbo spin‐echo sequence with inner‐volume imaging
Authors: Sampath Smita , Raval Amish N. , Lederman Robert J. , McVeigh Elliot R. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPercutaneous revascularization of peripheral artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) is challenging under X‐ray guidance without direct image feedback, due to poor visualization of the obstructed segment and underappreciation of vessel tortuosity. Operators are required to steer interventional devices relatively “blindly,” and therefore procedural failure or perforation may occur. Alternatively, MRI may allow complete visualization of both patent and occluded arterial segments. We designed and implemented a 3D high‐resolution, T1‐weighted (T1‐W) turbo spin‐echo (TSE) MRI sequence with inner‐volume (IV) imaging to enable detailed peripheral artery CTO imaging. Using this sequence, high‐resolution volumes of interest (VOIs) around the vessel were achieved within 5−10 min. This imaging approach may be used for rapid pre‐ and postprocedural evaluations, and as a 3D roadmap that can be overlaid during real‐time X‐, MR‐, or XMR‐guided catheterization. Experiments were successfully performed on a carotid CTO model in swine ex vivo, and in peripheral arteries in normal volunteers and patients in vivo. Delineation of the vascular architecture, including contrast differences between the patent and occluded artery segments, and lesion morphology heterogeneity were visualized. Magn Reson Med 57:40–49, 2007. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabolic characterisation of plasma in juveniles with glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD1a) by high‐resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Duarte Iola F. , Goodfellow Brian J. , Barros António , Jones John G. , Barosa Cristina , Diogo Luisa , Garcia Paula , Gil Ana M. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThis paper reports the first application of high‐resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy to the plasma of five juveniles with glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD1a), permitting the characterisation of the plasma metabolic profile and the identification of alterations relative to a set of control samples. The relaxation‐weighted spectra allowed changes in low molecular weight compounds to be detected more clearly, whereas diffusion‐edited spectra were used to characterise the plasma lipoprotein profile. Low molecular weight metabolites with altered levels in most patients were lactate, ketone bodies, acetate, creatine/creatinine and glucose. One of the patients showed distinctively lower glucose levels and higher lactate and ketone body contents, suggesting poorer metabolic control of the disease compared with other patients. In addition, a metabolite tentatively identified as α‐hydroxyisobutyrate was only detected in the spectra of GSD1a plasmas, representing, therefore, a possible novel GSD1a biomarker. Total lipoprotein contents were higher in the plasma from GSD1a patients. Furthermore, lower HDL and higher VLDL + LDL levels also characterised the plasma of these patients. Preliminary results on principal component analysis of 1H NMR spectra allowed a clear separation between GSD1a and control plasmas. The specificity of the changes observed to GSD1a is discussed, together with the recognised potential of NMR and pattern recognition methods for aiding the diagnosis of GSD1a. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thalassemia: macroscopic and radiological study of a case
Authors: Lagia A. , Eliopoulos C. , Manolis S. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractDifferentiation of the genetic and the acquired anaemias, particularly in areas of the world where they may co‐exist, has been a challenge for palaeopathologists for over 100 years. In this paper we present macroscopic and radiographic skeletal lesions that are associated with the thalassemias in a 14‐year‐old girl from a modern reference collection of the University of Athens. This individual is of known sex, age, cause of death, place and dates of birth and death. The case is examined in terms of epidemiology, growth, distribution and severity of lesions and differential diagnosis. The entire skeleton is affected by marrow hyperplasia: lesions of the axial skeleton are extreme, and the appendicular skeleton is severely affected as well. The odontofacial manifestations that are diagnostic of thalassemia and differentiate it from other anaemias are present and include: maxillary and mandibular hyperplasia, reduced sinuses, displacement of maxillary dental structures, overbite, and generalised osteopenia. The development of extreme bone lesions and the ‘advanced’ age‐at‐death of this individual is explained as either the result of thalassemia major under a low transfusion regimen that was the norm during her lifetime, or to a form of thalassemia intermedia that allows survival to later life at the expense of gross skeletal alterations. The present status of skeletal studies in Greece does not support the identification of a genetic anaemia in past populations. The potential contribution of the current analysis in differentiating the anaemias in antiquity is evaluated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Grass fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde resin composite: preparation, characterization and evaluation of properties of composite
Authors: De Debasish , Adhikari Basudam , De Debapriya 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the development of new materials through utilization of natural resources. This paper describes evaluation of water leached and alkali treated chopped grass fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composite. Here alkali treatment of grass fiber was carried out by varying the concentration of sodium hydroxide. The thermal stability of the composite was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopic study of both water leached and alkali treated grass fiber‐phenolic resin composite was also performed. Water absorption and swelling behavior of grass fiber phenolic resin composites in water were studied and the alkali treated grass fiber‐resin composite showed less water absorption and swelling. A composite prepared from 1% alkali treated grass fiber and 55% resin, showed the highest tensile strength whereas a composite prepared from 5% alkali treated grass fiber and 55% resin, showed maximum flexural properties. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
pH‐sensitive liposome retaining Fe‐porphyrin as SOD mimic for novel anticancer drug delivery system
Authors: Kawakami Hiroyoshi , Hiraka Kazue , Tamai Miho , Horiuchi Aiko , Ogata Akihiko , Hatsugai Tomomi , Yamaguchi Aritomo , Oyaizu Kenichi , Yuasa Makoto 
Published: December 2006

AbstractIn this article the novel design of an anticancer drug delivery system is reported based on a pH‐sensitive liposome retaining the Fe‐porphyrin as a superoxide dismutase(SOD) mimic. The liposomes contained cationic/anionic lipid combinations and were composed of Fe‐porphyrin, L‐α‐phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dimethylditetradecylammonium bromide (DTDAB), sodispdum oleate (OANa), and Tween‐80. The size of the liposome was approximately 30 nm. The EC50 value (the effective concentration of compound required to produce a 50% lethal dose against cells) of the liposome was found to be significantly smaller than that of cisplatin as the control drug, suggesting that the liposome showed a high cytotoxicity toward the cancer cells. This is due to the fact that the pH‐sensitive liposome rapidly corresponds to the acidic environments of the endosomes and is unstable, and the Fe‐porphyrin is delivered into the cytosol. This result suggests that O may be useful as a target molecule to induce the selective death of cancer cells and that a pH‐sensitive liposome retaining Fe‐porphyrin as an SOD mimic is a new class of anticancer agent. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of claspin as a proliferation marker in human cancer and normal tissues
Authors: Tsimaratou K , Kletsas D , Kastrinakis NG , Tsantoulis PK , Evangelou K , Sideridou M , Liontos M , Poulias I , Venere M , Salmas M , Kittas C , Halazonetis TD , Gorgoulis VG 
Published: December 2006

AbstractClaspin is a nuclear protein involved in DNA replication and the DNA damage response. Its structural and functional properties suggest that it may represent a potentially useful proliferation marker. To this end, a monoclonal antibody was generated and the expression of claspin was investigated in normal fibroblasts and various cancer cell lines, as well as in tumour and normal tissues from patients with primary epithelial carcinomas. Immunoblotting analysis confirmed the specificity of the antibody, while immunohistochemistry demonstrated its applicability in archival material. In normal cells and tissues, claspin expression was weak, whereas increased levels were observed in cancer cell lines and tumour specimens. Claspin staining correlated strongly with Ki67 staining in both normal (p < 0.001) and tumour tissues (p < 0.001). However, the labelling index (LI) of claspin was consistently lower than that of Ki67, suggesting that claspin expression may be limited to a narrower part of the cell cycle. Co‐localization assays with cyclin A and cell synchronization experiments indicated that claspin expression coincides with the S phase. Interestingly, the relative increase of the claspin LI in tumour samples compared with normal tissues was significantly higher (14‐fold) than that of the Ki67 LI (five‐fold), suggesting that claspin may be a more sensitive marker of aberrant proliferation. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transcriptional profiling suggests that secondary and primary large B‐cell lymphomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are blastic variants of GI marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Barth TFE , Barth CA , Kestler HA , Michl P , Weniger MA , Buchholz M , Möller P , Gress T 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe pathogenetic relationship of marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and eventually co‐existing aggressive B‐cell lymphoma and primary aggressive B‐cell lymphoma remains to be elucidated. The RNA of laser‐microdissected cells was isolated and amplified from small and/or large cell compartments of eight MALT lymphomas (small cell lymphoma, SCL), 14 GI diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (large cell lymphoma, LCL), and ten GI B‐cell lymphomas with composite small and large cell compartments (ComL) and expression analyses were performed using cDNA arrays. Hierarchical cluster analysis clearly separated SCL and LCL and the small and large cell compartments of ComL. Likewise, cluster analysis with all samples of SCL, LCL, and ComL yielded two main ‘small cell’ and ‘large cell’ branches. Furthermore, 60 genes were differentially expressed between SCL and LCL, and 82 genes between the small and large cell components of ComL; 26 genes were discriminators in both settings. Use of the profiles of ComL as training sets for class prediction resulted in 95% accuracy for the classification of SCL and LCL. Collectively, the data strongly suggest that both secondary and primary aggressive B‐cell lymphomas of the GI tract are blastic marginal zone lymphomas. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collagen loss and impaired wound healing is associated with c‐Myb deficiency
Authors: Kopecki Z , Luchetti MM , Adams DH , Strudwick X , Mantamadiotis T , Stoppacciaro A , Gabrielli A , Ramsay RG , Cowin AJ 
Published: December 2006

AbstractCollagen type I serves as an abundant structural and signalling component of skin. It is also an established target gene of the transcription factor, c‐Myb. When c‐myb−/− embryos were examined it was observed that their skin was markedly thinner than normal. Importantly, immunohistochemical investigation showed complete absence of collagen type I. Although these homozygous knock‐out embryos fail to develop beyond day 15, fibroblasts established from these embryos (mouse embryonic fibroblasts [MEFs]) show defective proliferative responses. Furthermore, in vitro scratch wound assays demonstrated that these c‐myb−/− MEFs also exhibit slower closure than their wild‐type counterparts. Embryonic lethality has meant that examination of the role of c‐Myb in adult mouse skin has not been reported to date. However, in view of the abundance of collagen type I in normal skin, its role in skin integrity and the in vitro data showing proliferative and migration defects in c‐myb−/− MEFs, we investigated the consequences of heterozygous c‐myb loss in adult mice on the complex process of skin repair in response to injury. Our studies clearly demonstrate that heterozygous c‐myb deficiency has a functional effect on wound repair, collagen type I levels and, in response to wounding, transforming growth factor‐β1 (an important collagen stimulating factor) induction expression is aberrantly high. Manipulation of c‐Myb may therefore provide new therapeutic opportunities for improving wound repair while uncontrolled expression may underpin some fibrotic disorders. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feature‐based reappraisal of the Bacillus subtilis exoproteome
Authors: Tjalsma Harold 
Published: December 2006

AbstractProteomics‐based verification of computer‐assisted predictions on bacterial protein export have indicated that problems occur with the distinction between (Sec‐type) signal peptides that govern protein secretion, and lipoprotein signal peptides or amino‐terminal membrane anchors that cause protein retention in the membrane. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate whether feature‐based predictions by the SecretomeP (SecP) algorithm will aid the proteomics‐based analysis of protein export in Bacillus subtilis. The SecP algorithm is trained to recognize features such as secondary structure and disordered regions, which are generally present in secreted proteins. The results showed that membrane‐retained proteins receive, in general, high SecP scores, similar to the scores of secretory proteins. Importantly, the SecP algorithm aided in the re‐evaluation of a class of previously identified proteins that remain attached to the membrane despite the presence of an apparent Sec‐type signal peptide. These so‐called ‘Sec‐attached’ proteins receive on average a lower SecP score, and several of these proteins could be unmasked as transmembrane proteins by combined SecP and signal peptide analyses. Finally, the present study suggests that feature‐based outlier analysis may provide leads towards the discovery of novel special‐purpose pathways for bacterial protein export.
Banana (Musa spp.) as a model to study the meristem proteome: Acclimation to osmotic stress
Authors: Carpentier Sebastien C. , Witters Erwin , Laukens Kris , Van Onckelen Harry , Swennen Rony , Panis Bart 
Published: December 2006

AbstractBanana (Musa spp.) multiple shoot meristems are an excellent model to study the meristem proteome. Using a 2‐DE protocol developed for small amounts of tissue and MS‐based cross species polypeptide identification, we have revealed the meristem proteome and investigated the influence of sucrose‐mediated osmotic stress in a dehydration‐tolerant variety. Proteins that were significantly up‐ or down‐regulated due to the high‐sucrose treatment were classified using non‐parametric univariate statistics. Our results suggest that the maintenance of an osmoprotective intracellular sucrose concentration, the enhanced expression of particular genes of the energy‐conserving glycolysis and the conservation of the cell wall integrity are essential to maintain homeostasis, to acclimate and to survive dehydration. By comparing the dehydration‐tolerant variety with a dehydration‐sensitive variety, we were able to distinguish several genotype‐specific proteins (isoforms), and could associate the dehydration‐tolerant variety with proteins involved in energy metabolism (e.g., phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoglucomutase, UDP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase) and proteins that are associated with stress adaptation (e.g., OSR40‐like protein, abscisic stress ripening protein‐like protein). This work shows that proteome analysis can be used successfully to perform quantitative difference analysis and to characterize genetic variations in a recalcitrant crop.
Synthesis, characterization and properties of novel highly oxygen permeable amphiphilic membranes
Authors: Karunakaran Radhakrishnan , Kennedy Joseph P. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe objective of this research was to develop new strategies for the synthesis of novel optically clear highly oxygen permeable membranes exhibiting appropriate water uptake and mechanical properties for possible ophthalmic applications. Thus a series of bicontinuous amphiphilic conetworks containing well‐defined poly‐ (ethylene glycol) and polydimethylsiloxane segments crosslinked by three novel crosslinking/modifying agents were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated. This paper concerns the design and synthesis of the crosslinking/modifying agents (see Fig. 2), and their use for the synthesis of clear, highly oxygen permeable amphiphilic membranes. Select membranes exhibit outstanding oxygen permeabilities (>200 barrers) far superior to contemporary commercial soft contact lenses, together with mechanical properties and water uptake appropriate for extended wear soft contact lens application. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 308–316, 2007
Deactivation reactions in the modeled 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy‐mediated free‐radical polymerization of styrene: A comparative study with the 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy/acrylonitrile system
Authors: Kaim Andrzej 
Published: December 2006

AbstractThe competitiveness of the combination and disproportionation reactions between a 1‐phenylpropyl radical, standing for a growing polystyryl macroradical, and a 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) radical in the nitroxide‐mediated free‐radical polymerization of styrene was quantitatively evaluated by the study of the transition geometry and the potential energy profiles for the competing reactions with the use of quantum‐mechanical calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) UB3‐LYP/6‐311+G(3df, 2p)//(unrestricted) Austin Model 1 level of theory. The search for transition geometries resulted in six and two transition structures for the radical combination and disproportionation reactions, respectively. The former transition structures, mainly differing in the out‐of‐plane angle of the NO bond in the transition structure TEMPO molecule, were correlated with the activation energy, which was determined to be in the range of 8.4–19.4 kcal mol−1 from a single‐point calculation at the DFT UB3‐LYP/6‐311+G(3df, 2p)//unrestricted Austin Model 1 level. The calculated activation energy for the disproportionation reaction was less favorable by a value of more than 30 kcal mol−1 in comparison with that for the combination reaction. The approximate barrier difference for the TEMPO addition and disproportionation reaction was slightly smaller for the styrene polymerization system than for the acrylonitrile polymerization system, thus indicating that a β‐proton abstraction through a TEMPO radical from the polymer backbone could diminish control over the radical polymerization of styrene with the nitroxide even more than in the latter system. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 232–241, 2007
Synthesis and properties of novel sulfonated polyimides containing binaphthyl groups as proton‐exchange membranes for fuel cells
Authors: Li Yuhan , Jin Rizhe , Wang Zhen , Cui Zhiming , Xing Wei , Gao Lianxun 
Published: December 2006

AbstractA novel sulfonated diamine monomer, 2,2′‐bis(p‐aminophenoxy)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl‐6,6′‐disulfonic acid (BNDADS), was synthesized. A series of sulfonated polyimide copolymers containing 30–80 mol % BNDADS as a hydrophilic component were prepared. The copolymers showed excellent solubility and good film‐forming capability. Atomic force microscopy phase images clearly showed hydrophilic/hydrophobic microphase separation. The relationship between the proton conductivity and degree of sulfonation was examined. The sulfonated polyimide copolymer with 60 mol % BNDADS showed higher proton conductivity (0.0945–0.161 S/cm) at 20–80 °C in liquid water. The membranes exhibited methanol permeability from 9 × 10−8 to 5 × 10−7 cm2/s at 20 °C, which was much lower than that of Nafion (2 × 10−6cm2/s). The copolymers were thermally stable up to 300 °C. The sulfonated polyimide copolymers with 30–60 mol % BNDADS showed reasonable mechanical strength; for example, the maximum tensile strength at break of the sulfonated polyimide copolymer with 40 mol % BNDADS was 80.6 MPa under high moisture conditions. The optimum concentration of BNDADS was found to be 60 mol % from the viewpoint of proton conductivity, methanol permeability, and membrane stability. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 222–231, 2007
Developing an outcome measurement for meaning‐making intervention with Chinese cancer patients
Authors: Chan Timothy H. Y. , Ho Rainbow T. H. , Chan Cecilia L. W. 
Published: December 2006

AbstractPsychosocial programs designed for cancer patients often facilitate the search for meaning as one of the therapeutic components. This study aimed to develop a self‐report instrument, namely Chinese Cancer Coherence Scale (CCCS), which measures the patients' meaning‐making process with reference to the concept of coherence. A panel of eight veteran social workers and psychologists generated statements pertaining to the cancer experience. Results from a two‐phase study involving 390 breast cancer patients revealed a two‐factor structure of the CCCS, namely incoherent‐embittered and coherent‐enlightened. The use of the CCCS by practitioners and researchers is recommended in order to understand how Chinese cancer patients make sense of their cancer experience. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does tetracycline bind helix 2 of prion? An integrated spectroscopical and computational study of the interaction between the antibiotic and α helix 2 human prion protein fragments
Authors: Ronga Luisa , Langella Emma , Palladino Pasquale , Marasco Daniela , Tizzano Barbara , Saviano Michele , Pedone Carlo , Improta Roberto , Ruvo Menotti 
Published: December 2006

AbstractWe demonstrate here that tetracycline (TC) can strongly interact (KD′ = 189 ± 7 nM) with model peptides derived from the C‐terminal globular domain of the prion protein, hPrP [173‐195], and that interaction concerns residues within the C‐terminal half of the helix 2, a short region previously indicated as endowed with ambivalent conformational behavior and implicated in PrP conversion to the β‐sheet‐rich, infective scrapie variant. Data have been confirmed by binding studies with the N‐terminal truncated 180‐195 variant that displays a dissociation constant of 483 ± 30 nM. Remarkably, TC does not influence the structure of the N‐terminally fluoresceinated peptides that both show α‐helical conformations. Docking calculations and molecular dynamics simulations suggest a direct, strong interaction of the antibiotic with exposed side chain functional groups of threonines 190‐193 on the solvent‐exposed surface of helix 2. Proteins 2007 © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.