bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a deep learning model that predicts critical events of pediatric patients admitted to general wards
Authors: Jeon Yonghyuk , Kim You Sun , Jang Wonjin , Park June Dong , Lee Bongjin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEarly detection of deteriorating patients is important to prevent life-threatening events and improve clinical outcomes. Efforts have been made to detect or prevent major events such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but previously developed tools are often complicated and time-consuming, rendering them impractical. To overcome this problem, we designed this study to create a deep learning prediction model that predicts critical events with simplified variables. This retrospective observational study included patients under the age of 18 who were admitted to the general ward of a tertiary children’s hospital between 2020 and 2022. A critical event was defined as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, unplanned transfer to the intensive care unit, or mortality. The vital signs measured during hospitalization, their measurement intervals, sex, and age were used to train a critical event prediction model. Age-specific z-scores were used to normalize the variability of the normal range by age. The entire dataset was classified into a training dataset and a test dataset at an 8:2 ratio, and model learning and testing were performed on each dataset. The predictive performance of the developed model showed excellent results, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.986 and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.896. We developed a deep learning model with outstanding predictive power using simplified variables to effectively predict critical events while reducing the workload of medical staff. Nevertheless, because this was a single-center trial, no external validation was carried out, prompting further investigation.
Exploring the knowledge, perception, and practice of community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia toward pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting. A nationwide survey
Authors: Khardali Amani 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOne of the significant worldwide health problems associated with pharmacovigilance is the under-reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Reporting suspected ADRs is essential to ensure patient safety, medicine safety, and healthcare quality. The new policy in Saudi Arabia emphasizes pharmacists taking a new clinical role, which may facilitate and improve the documentation of ADRs. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and perception of community pharmacists towards the ADRs and their reporting practice in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study using a structured self-administered questionnaire was administered to community pharmacists working in Saudi Arabia. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to identify the association between perceptions and ADR reporting practices. A P value < of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A response rate of 43% (n = 163) was achieved, of whom 55.2% demonstrated knowledge of PV. Only 16% of community pharmacists were aware of the responsible center for monitoring and collecting ADRs in Saudi Arabia. The key facilitator was offering incentives to pharmacists, and the lack of time was found to be a key barrier among reporter community pharmacists. Positive attitudes toward pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting were expressed by community pharmacists. The findings of this study emphasize the further need for education and training programs and simplifying the ADR reporting process used in Saudi Arabia to enhance the reporting practice.
Megacities are causal pacemakers of extreme heatwaves
Authors: Yang Xueli , Wang Zhi-Hua , Wang Chenghao , Lai Ying-Cheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlobal climate change has been shown to cause longer, more intense, and frequent heatwaves, of which anthropogenic stressors concentrated in urban areas are a critical contributor. In this study, we investigate the causal interactions during heatwaves across 520 urban sites in the U.S. combining complex network and causal analysis. The presence of regional mediators is manifest in the constructed causal networks, together with long-range teleconnections. More importantly, megacities, such as New York City and Chicago, are causally connected with most of other cities and mediate the structure of urban networks during heatwaves. We also identified a significantly positive correlation between the causality strength and the total populations in megacities. These findings corroborate the contribution of human activities e.g., anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases or waste heat, to urban heatwaves. The emergence of teleconnections and supernodes are informative for the prediction and adaptation to heatwaves under global climate change.
Subsurface warming in the Antarctica’s Weddell Sea can be avoided by reaching the 2∘C warming target
Authors: Teske Vanessa , Timmermann Ralph , Semmler Tido 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRecently, seasonal pulses of modified Warm Deep Water have been observed near the Filchner Ice Shelf front in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Here, we investigate the temperature evolution of subsurface waters in the Filchner Trough under four future scenarios of carbon dioxide emissions using the climate model AWI-CM. Our model simulates these warm intrusions, suggests more frequent pulses in a warmer climate, and supports the potential for a regime shift from cold to warm Filchner Trough in two high-emission scenarios. The regime shift is governed in particular by decreasing local sea ice formation and a shoaling thermocline. Cavity circulation is not critical in triggering the change. Consequences would include increased ice shelf basal melting, reduced buttressing of fast-flowing ice streams, loss of grounded ice and an acceleration of global sea level rise. According to our simulations, the regime shift can be avoided and the Filchner Trough warming can be restricted to 0.5 ∘C by reaching the 2 ∘C climate goal.
Refining relational climate conversations to promote collective action
Authors: Fine Julia C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMany US residents are worried about the climate crisis, but few are involved in collective climate action. Relational climate conversations are a commonly recommended yet understudied means of encouraging action. This study examines the effects of conversations between US climate activists and non-activists they knew, most of whom were concerned about climate change. Non-activists reported increased knowledge, perceived efficacy, and intention to take action following the conversations, but did not participate in collective climate action more than control groups. Common barriers included low perceived efficacy, lack of knowledge about collective climate action, and psychological distance of action. Activists’ discussion of collective climate action was correlated with an increase in perceived efficacy among non-activists. Because perceived efficacy has been found to predict collective action, these results suggest that focusing on action, more so than solutions in the abstract, could enhance the effectiveness of relational climate conversations.
FARESHARE: An open-source apparatus for assessing drinking microstructure in socially housed rats
Authors: Frie Jude A. , Khokhar Jibran Y. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSocial factors have been shown to play a significant and lasting role in alcohol consumption. Studying the role of social context on alcohol drinking is important to understand the factors that contribute to the initiation or maintenance of casual and problematic alcohol use, as well as those that may be protective. A substantial body of preclinical research has shown that social environment such as housing conditions and social rank plays an important role in alcohol consumption and preference, though the extent of these effects have been obfuscated by methodological differences and technical challenges. Robust individual differences in alcohol intake in socially housed animals are difficult to track when animals share a common fluid source. Commercial solutions are prohibitively expensive and are limited by proprietary software and hardware (including caging systems). Here we describe FARESHARE, an affordable, open-source solution for tracking fluid consumption in socially housed rats. The device uses RFID and custom hardware to individually measure and record each rat’s fluid consumption and licking microstructure. Each bout is also timestamped such that the circadian effects of drinking behaviour may be analysed. We provide a validation showing the operation of the device in a two-bottle-choice alcohol-drinking paradigm over a nine-day period in four group-housed female rats. We show that FARESHARE is able to capture traditional measures such as daily intake and preference, as well as circadian effects, microstructure, and individual variations in drinking.
A neuroligin-2-YAP axis regulates progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Middonti Emanuele , Astanina Elena , Vallariello Edoardo , Hoza Roxana Maria , Metovic Jasna , Spadi Rosella , Cristiano Carmen , Papotti Mauro , Allavena Paola , Novelli Francesco , Parab Sushant , Cappello Paola , Scarpa Aldo , Lawlor Rita , Di Maio Massimo , Arese Marco , Bussolino Federico 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a tumor with a dismal prognosis that arises from precursor lesions called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs). Progression from low- to high-grade PanINs is considered as tumor initiation, and a deeper understanding of this switch is needed. Here, we show that synaptic molecule neuroligin-2 (NLGN2) is expressed by pancreatic exocrine cells and plays a crucial role in the regulation of contact inhibition and epithelial polarity, which characterize the switch from low- to high-grade PanIN. NLGN2 localizes to tight junctions in acinar cells, is diffusely distributed in the cytosol in low-grade PanINs and is lost in high-grade PanINs and in a high percentage of advanced PDACs. Mechanistically, NLGN2 is necessary for the formation of the PALS1/PATJ complex, which in turn induces contact inhibition by reducing YAP function. Our results provide novel insights into NLGN2 functions outside the nervous system and can be used to model PanIN progression.
trans-IV restriction: a new configuration for metal bis-cyclam complexes as potent CXCR4 inhibitors
Authors: Alzahrani Seraj O. , McRobbie Graeme , Khan Abid , D'huys Thomas , Van Loy Tom , Walker Ashlie N. , Renard Isaline , Hubin Timothy J. , Schols Dominique , Burke Benjamin P. , Archibald Stephen J. 
Published: February 2024

Alkylation of secondary amines on side-bridged cyclam derivatives locks the resulting metal complex in the trans-IV configuration. These derivatives offer new perspectives for the design and development of CXCR4-targeted therapeutic agents.
Pargyline-phosphine copper(i) clusters with tunable emission for light-emitting devices
Authors: Huang Qiu-Qin , Lin Yan-Yan , Wang Yu-Ling , Qi Jia yuan , Fu FengFu , Wei Qiao-Hua 
Published: February 2024

Three novel Cu(I) clusters (1–3) were synthesized and characterized by strategically by introducing pargyline and phosphine ligands (PPh3 or dppy) to tune the structure and photophysical features. Clusters 1 and 3 exhibit excellent luminescent and are employed for the construction of LEDs.
Supervisory control of quantitative Petri nets for fixed‐initial‐credit energy problems using a game structure
Authors: Zhang Yuling , Liu Gaiyun , Wu Naiqi , Li Zhiwu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis work investigates quantitative supervisory control of discrete event systems modeled with Petri nets under the fixed‐initial‐credit energy objective. A weight function referred to as an energy function is defined on a Petri net to characterize the energy level of a transition. The proposed fixed‐initial‐credit energy problem aims to design a supervisor such that the energy level of a transition sequence in a supervised system is higher than 0 under a given initial energy level. The problem is eventually transformed into a two‐player game between a system and a supervisor; supervisor synthesis is reduced to finding a winning strategy in the two‐player game. Instead of enumerating the complete state space of the underlying Petri net, two information structures are utilized, namely the conventional basis reachability graph and the newly proposed essential marking graph, to construct two‐player games based on each of them. It is shown that a winning strategy for a supervisor decoded from the game based on the basis reachability graph of the Petri net is a solution to the problem but is in general restrictive. Further, it is shown that the set of strategies for a supervisor in the game based on the essential marking graph is consistent with that from the game based on the reachability graph of a Petri net. The two developed approaches do not require an exhaustive exploration of the state space of a plant, thus achieving higher efficiency.
A robust complex local mean decomposition method with self‐adaptive sifting stopping
Authors: Mo CanYu , Lin QianQiang , Niu YuanDuo , Du HaoRan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTargets with rotating components generate micro‐motion (MM) modulation effect in addition to the main body. Extracting MM parameters is challenging due to interference from the target's main body, necessitating the separation of modulation signals. This letter proposes a robust complex local mean decomposition (RCLMD) method with self‐adaptive sifting stopping, aiming at the problem of component redundancy due to multiple iterations during break and the loss of modulation components during the separation process. The proposed method sets the objective function and self‐adaptive stopping criterion, combined with the modulation signal characteristics, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of MM component extraction. Simulation experiments show that compared with the complex local mean decomposition method, the complex empirical mode decomposition method, and its improved method, the RCLMD method can achieve the highest decomposition effect of 96.57%, and the separation time consumed has a significant advantage over the above methods, performance is less fluctuating by the change of signal‐to‐noise ratio with good robustness. The measured data in real scenarios also verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
SPICE connection mosaics to link the Sun’s surface and the heliosphere
Authors: Varesano T. , Hassler D. M. , Zambrana Prado N. , Plowman J. , Del Zanna G. , Parenti S. , Mason H. E. , Giunta A. , Auchère F. , Carlsson M. , Fludra A. , Peter H. , Müller D. , Williams D. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Barczynski K. , Buchlin E. , Caldwell M. , Fredvik T. , Grundy T. , Guest S. , Harra L. , Janvier M. , Kucera T. , Leeks S. , Schmutz W. , Schuehle U. , Sidher S. , Teriaca L. , Thompson W. , Yardley S. L. 
Published: February 2024

Aims. We present an analysis of the first connection mosaic made by the SPICE instrument on board the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission on March 2, 2022. The data will be used to map coronal composition that will be compared with in-situ measurements taken by SWA/HIS to establish the coronal origin of the solar wind plasma observed at Solar Orbiter. The SPICE spectral lines were chosen to have varying sensitivity to the first ionization potential (FIP) effect, and therefore the radiances of the spectral lines will vary significantly depending on whether the elemental composition is coronal or photospheric. We investigate the link between the behavior of sulfur and the hypothesis that Alfvén waves drive FIP fractionation above the chromosphere.
Methods. We performed temperature diagnostics using line ratios and emission measure (EM) loci, and computed relative FIP biases using three different approaches (two-line ratio (2LR), ratios of linear combinations of spectral lines (LCR), and differential emission measure (DEM) inversion) in order to perform composition diagnostics in the corona. We then compared the SPICE composition analysis and EUI data of the potential solar wind source regions to the SWA/HIS data products.
Results. Radiance maps were extracted from SPICE spectral data cubes, with values matching previous observations. We find isothermal plasma of around log T = 5.8 for the AR loops targeted, and that higher FIP-bias values are present at the footpoints of the coronal loops associated with two ARs. Comparing the results with the SWA/HIS data products encourages us to think that Solar Orbiter was connected to a source of slow solar wind during this observation campaign. We demonstrate FIP fractionation in observations of the upper chromosphere and transition region, emphasized by the behavior of the intermediate-FIP element sulfur.
Risk of Bleeding and Venous Thromboembolism after Colorectal Cancer Surgery in Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Kristensen Frederik Pagh Bredahl , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Szépligeti Szimonetta Komjáthiné , Troelsen Frederikke Schoenfeldt , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Bleeding and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are adverse outcomes after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) clusters with bleeding and VTE risk factors. We examined the bleeding and VTE risk in patients with T2D undergoing CRC surgery and the prognosis after these adverse outcomes.
Methods We conducted a prognostic population-based cohort study of 48,295 patients with and without T2D undergoing surgery for incident CRC during 2005 to 2019. Patients with T2D were diagnosed in a hospital setting or had redeemed a glucose-lowering drug prescription; the remaining cohort was patients without diabetes. We estimated the 30-day and 1-year risks of bleeding and VTE and used a Fine–Gray model to compute age-, sex-, and calendar year-adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs). The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate 1-year mortality after bleeding or VTE.
Results Within 30 days after CRC surgery, the risk of bleeding was 2.7% in patients with T2D and 2.0% in patients without diabetes (SHR: 1.30 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–1.53]). For VTE, the 30-day risks were 0.6% for patients with T2D and 0.6% for patients without diabetes (SHR: 1.01 [95% CI: 0.71–1.42]). The SHRs for bleeding and VTE within 1 year after CRC surgery were similar. The 1-year mortality was 26.0% versus 24.9% in the bleeding cohort and 25.8% versus 27.5% in the VTE cohort for patients with T2D versus without diabetes, respectively.
Conclusion Although absolute risks were low, patients with T2D have an increased risk of bleeding but not VTE after CRC surgery.
Relationship between Shape Retention and X-ray Absorption Value of the Tip of Microcatheters in Neuroendovascular Treatment
Authors: Ohshima Tomotaka , Ato Fuminori , Kawaguchi Reo , Matsuo Naoki , Miyachi Shigeru 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Objective We noticed that the X-ray absorption value of the tip of each microcatheter used for aneurysm treatment varied from product to product. We hypothesized that the differences were caused by variations in the metal's density braid, which could be related to the ability of the tip to retain its shape.
Methods The X-ray absorption value of each microcatheter tip was measured. Next, heat forming was performed using a shaping mandrel at 6 mm and 90 degrees to determine whether there was a correlation between the X-ray absorption value and the forming angle. Next, the optimal mandrel angle for forming each microcatheter at 90 degrees was investigated. We also examined the shape retention after 20 times wire insertions into each microcatheter.
Conclusion It was found that the higher the X-ray absorption value, the harder it was for the microcatheter to be formed. The mandrel angle required to form 90 degrees was determined by the X-ray absorption value. The higher the X-ray absorption value, the higher the shape retention of the tip shape. The heat formation and shape-retention conditions of the microcatheter tip were correlated with the X-ray absorption value of the metal braid. Even for unknown microcatheters, the optimum shaping conditions can be inferred from the X-ray absorption value.
Voices unheard: How feelings of inefficacy fuel populism
Authors: Şimşek Caner 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHow do populist voters differ from other voters and among themselves? I argue that the commonality of populist voters is a perceived sense of political inefficacy. The feelings of inefficacy interact with grievances, which determine the party choice. Using the European Social Survey data, I show that when grievances are cultural, voters are more likely to vote for a right-wing populist party. In the same manner, economic grievances make left-wing populist voting more likely. Furthermore, I show that negative effect of political efficacy on populist voting declines as grievances become more severe. Thus, while grievances determine the type of populism, political efficacy determines the vote choice between populist parties and their alternatives.
The role of agency in language socialization
Authors: Okuno Yukiko 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Drawing on longitudinal data from the perspective of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory, I portray how L2 language
socialization is promoted by an L2 user’s agency borne out of his Ideal L2 self. This paper first showcases a decade-long
longitudinal OPI (Oral Proficiency Interview) data set elicited from an L2 Japanese user who speaks Korean as his L1, focusing on
the process of affective adverb acquisition observed through transformations in his speech style. Then, employing the Trajectory
Equifinality Approach (TEA), I examine holistically how changes in the use of affective adverbs reflects the L2 user’s language
socialization by visualizing his language environment and language awareness chronically, including his own reflections through
retrospective interviews.