bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable Colossal Anomalous Hall Conductivity in Half‐Metallic Material Induced by d‐Wave‐Like Spin‐Orbit Gap
Authors: Choi Joonyoung , Park Jin‐Hong , Kyung Wonshik , Kim Younsik , Kim Mi Kyung , Kwon Junyoung , Kim Changyoung , Rhim Jun‐Won , Park Se Young , Jo Younjung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) in magnetic materials, resulting from inverted band topology, has emerged as a key adjustable function in spin‐torque devices and advanced magnetic sensors. Among systems with near‐half‐metallicity and broken time‐reversal symmetry, cobalt disulfide (CoS2) has proven to be a material capable of significantly enhancing its AHC. In this study, the AHC of CoS2 is empirically assessed by manipulating the chemical potential through Fe‐ (hole) and Ni‐ (electron) doping. The primary mechanism underlying the colossal AHC is identified through the application of density functional theory and tight‐binding analyses. The main source of this substantial AHC is traced to four spin‐polarized massive Dirac dispersions in the kz = 0 plane of the Brillouin zone, located slightly below the Fermi level. In Co0.95Fe0.05S2, the AHC, which is directly proportional to the momentum‐space integral of the Berry curvature (BC), reached a record‐breaking value of 2507 Ω−1cm−1. This is because the BCs of the four Dirac dispersions all exhibit the same sign, a consequence of the d‐wave‐like spin‐orbit coupling among spin‐polarized eg orbitals.
Bimetallic Ru/Ru‐Catalyzed Asymmetric One‐Pot Sequential Hydrogenations for the Stereodivergent Synthesis of Chiral Lactones
Authors: He Jingli , Li Zhaodi , Li Ruhui , Kou Xuezhen , Liu Delong , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAsymmetric sequential hydrogenations of α‐methylene γ‐ or δ‐keto carboxylic acids are established in one‐pot using a bimetallic Ru/Ru catalyst system, achieving the stereodivergent synthesis of all four stereoisomers of both chiral γ‐ and δ‐lactones with two non‐vicinal carbon stereocenters in high yields (up to 99%) and with excellent stereoselectivities (up to >99% ee and >20:1 dr). The compatibility of the two chiral Ru catalyst systems is investigated in detail, and it is found that the basicity of the reaction system plays a key role in the sequential hydrogenation processes. The protocol can be performed on a gram‐scale with a low catalyst loading (up to 11000 S/C) and the resulting products allow for many transformations, particularly for the synthesis of several key intermediates useful for the preparation of chiral drugs and natural products.
Robotic Actuation‐Mediated Quantitative Mechanogenetics for Noninvasive and On‐Demand Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Yangyi , Li Jingjing , Zhang Yi , Wang Fan , Su Juanjuan , Ma Chao , Zhang Shuyi , Du Yanan , Fan Chunhai , Zhang Hongjie , Liu Kai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCell mechanotransduction signals are important targets for physical therapy. However, current physiotherapy heavily relies on ultrasound, which is generated by high‐power equipment or amplified by auxiliary drugs, potentially causing undesired side effects. To address current limitations, a robotic actuation‐mediated therapy is developed that utilizes gentle mechanical loads to activate mechanosensitive ion channels. The resulting calcium influx precisely regulated the expression of recombinant tumor suppressor protein and death‐associated protein kinase, leading to programmed apoptosis of cancer cell line through caspase‐dependent pathway. In stark contrast to traditional gene therapy, the complete elimination of early‐ and middle‐stage tumors (volume ≤ 100 mm3) and significant growth inhibition of late‐stage tumor (500 mm3) are realized in tumor‐bearing mice by transfecting mechanogenetic circuits and treating daily with quantitative robotic actuation in a form of 5 min treatment over the course of 14 days. Thus, this massage‐derived therapy represents a quantitative strategy for cancer treatment.
Prehospital mass casualty incident triage simulation builds knowledge and confidence in medical trainees
Authors: Yu Elaine , Coffey Christanne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundMass casualty incident (MCI) triage simulation is an increasingly useful tool for teaching triage systems to medical students, trainees, and hospital staff. MCI simulation in the prehospital setting has not yet been studied in this population.Objectives/AimsWe aimed to assess the effectiveness of a prehospital MCI simulation in medical students, residents, and fellows. Our primary outcome was knowledge of the components of the triage algorithms used in MCI response. Our secondary outcome was each participant's confidence level if required to assist with or lead a MCI response.MethodsThis was an observational study with pre–post surveys. We recruited 30 medical students, 14 emergency medicine (EM) residents, and four pediatric EM fellows to fill out a survey before and after a 3‐h simulation session practicing the START and JumpSTART algorithms on two prehospital MCI scenarios.ResultsOverall, all groups demonstrated significant improvement in knowledge of triage colors, information needed to assign a triage color, pediatric airway management during a MCI, and indications for breaths‐first CPR. They also demonstrated significant increase in confidence both in assisting with and in leading a MCI response.ConclusionsSimulated practice triaging patients in prehospital MCI scenarios improves knowledge of triage algorithms and increases confidence in assisting with or leading a MCI response in medical trainees.
Alkyl–π Functional Molecular Gels: Control of Elastic Modulus and Improvement of Electret Performance
Authors: Tateyama Akito , Nagura Kazuhiko , Yamanaka Masamichi , Nakanishi Takashi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of optoelectronically‐active soft materials is drawing attention to the application of soft electronics. A room‐temperature solvent‐free liquid obtained by modifying a π‐conjugated moiety with flexible yet bulky alkyl chains is a promising functional soft material. Tuning the elastic modulus (G′) is essential for employing optoelectronically‐active alkyl–π liquids in deformable devices. However, the range of G′ achieved through the molecular design of alkyl–π liquids is limited. We report herein a method for controlling G′ of alkyl–π liquids by gelation. Adding 1 wt % low‐molecular‐weight gelator formed the alkyl–π functional molecular gel (FMG) and increased G′ of alkyl–π liquids by up to seven orders of magnitude while retaining the optical properties. Because alkyl–π FMGs have functional π‐moieties in the gel medium, this new class of gels has a much higher content of π‐moieties of up to 59 wt % compared to conventional π‐gels of only a few wt %. More importantly, the gel state has a 23 % higher charge‐retention capacity than the liquid, providing better performance in deformable mechanoelectric generator‐electret devices. The strategy used in this study is a novel approach for developing next‐generation optoelectronically‐active FMG materials.
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Nondirected Late‐Stage C(sp2)−H Deuteration of Heteroarenes Enabled Through a Multi‐Substrate Screening Approach
Authors: Dey Jyotirmoy , Kaltenberger Simon , van Gemmeren Manuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe importance of deuterium labelling in a variety of applications, ranging from mechanistic studies to drug‐discovery, has spurred immense interest in the development of new methods for its efficient incorporation in organic, and especially in bioactive molecules. The five‐membered heteroarenes at the center of this work are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive molecules and efficient methods for the deuterium labelling of these compounds are therefore highly desirable. However, the profound differences in chemical properties encountered between different heteroarenes hamper the development of a single set of broadly applicable reaction conditions, often necessitating a separate optimization campaign for a given type of heteroarene. In this study we describe the use of a multi‐substrate screening approach to identify optimal reaction conditions for different classes of heteroarenes from a minimal number of screening reactions. Using this approach, four sets of complementary reaction conditions derived from our dual ligand‐based palladium catalysts for nondirected C(sp2)−H activation were identified, that together enable the deuteration of structurally diverse heteroarenes, including bioactive molecules.
Cover Image, Volume 141, Issue 17
Authors: da Rocha Lizandra Viana Maurat , da Silva Paulo Sergio Rangel Cruz , da Silva Eduardo Miguez Bastos , de Oliveira Aguiar Vinicius , Tavares Maria Inês Bruno 
Published: March 2024

The cover image by Lizandra Viana Maurat da Rocha highlights one of our innovative biodegradable films, which incorporated molybdenum trioxide and zinc oxide into the poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) matrix through casting. The photo emphasizes its partial transparency and homogeneity. Some analytical results reported as FTIR, TD‐NMR, XRD and TGA validates nanomaterial's exceptional mechanical and chemical properties. Icons below underscore its potential as an eco‐friendly food packaging,with bacteriostatic features and no formation of microplastics after disposal. DOI: 10.1002/app.55294image
Influence of the microstructure in the biodegradability process of eco‐friendly materials based on polylactic acid and mango seed for food packaging to minimize microplastic generation
Authors: Lima Edla Maria Bezerra , Middea Antonieta , Reis Fábio Silveira , Mateus Débora Nascimento , de Amorim Rodrigo Gomes , Pereira Ingrid Cristina Soares , dos Santos Natália Rodrigues Rojas , da Costa Mattos Mariana , da Silva Minguita Adriana Paula , dos Anjos Marianna Ramos , Neumann Reiner , Oliveira Renata Nunes , Tavares Maria Inês Bruno 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this research, mango parts (kernel and integument) were loaded into a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix by a casting process to develop biocomposite materials. These materials should present improved mechanical and thermal properties and have the potential to be used as environmentally friendly, biodegradable food packaging material with extended shelf life. For this purpose, the research was divided into two parts: step 1, ground materials of a certain particle size from a previous work1 and step 2, which are the materials from Step 1 ground again. The samples were characterized by x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), laser granulometry, texture tests, and thermal analysis. The difference between them was particle size distribution, impacting the materials' mechanical strength and degradation rate. Three biocomposites were made (PLA/kernel, PLA/integument, and PLA/kernel/integument) in both steps. SEM was used to observe the size distribution of the mango seed and sample morphology. In addition, resistance values increased with the addition of kernel or integument particles. Biocomposite biodegradability was also evaluated. Based on the results of this study, the biocomposites showed high mechanical properties and thermal stability, making them suitable for applications such as food packaging and structural components to help reduce environmental loads and microplastic generation.
Prussian Blue Nanoplates for Potassium Ion Battery Cathode with High Capacity and High Energy Density
Authors: Jung SungHoon , Huong Pham Thi , Mapari Mitesh , Thanh Tung Tran , Kim TaeYoung 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPrussian blue analogues (PBAs) represent as a class of materials with an open framework structure and have been intensively explored as the potential active materials for alkaline‐ion batteries. Here, we present the synthesis of Prussian blue nanoplates designed for use as high performance cathode materials in potassium‐ion batteries. Prussian blue nanoplates were synthesized through a facile solution precipitation route using a highly concentrated potassium citrate solution. The potassium‐rich environment during the synthesis facilitated horizontal growth of the crystals, yielding potassium‐rich Prussian blue nanoplates. The resultant Prussian blue nanoplates exhibited a significantly larger particle size of 600 nm and a reduced specific surface area of 6.8 m2 g−1, compared to conventionally synthesized Prussian blue hexahedrons. Half‐cell tests demonstrated that the Prussian blue nanoplates exhibited a high gravimetric capacity of 152.5 mAh g−1 with a nominal voltage 3.952 V at a C‐rate of 0.1 C, yielding an energy density of 602.7 Wh kg−1. Cycling tests demonstrated high cycling stability of the material, maintaining a capacity of 122.7 mAh g−1 and a nominal voltage of 3.923 V after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. In a full‐cell configuration with graphite anodes, a gravimetric capacity changed from 134.1 mAh g−1 to 108.9 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C, demonstrating a good cycling stability. This work provides a new insight into the electrochemical properties of Prussian blue nanoplates and highlights their potential as high‐performance cathode materials for potassium‐ion batteries.
Spontaneous bilateral superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysms and a unilateral posterior tibial artery aneurysm in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Crisp Jonathan , Ahmad Manal , Crockett Stephen , Mohamed Abdulla , Hamady Mohamad , Bernstein Ondina , Shalhoub Joseph 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe presence of multiple pseudoaneurysms in a patient should prompt investigations for the underlying etiologies including autoimmune and immunosuppressive disease processes. Treatment options include open repair and endovascular stenting.AbstractPseudoaneurysms (also known as false aneurysms) are atypical dilatations or outpouchings from a vessel which are not always contained by the three layers of a normal vessel wall, namely the intima, media, and adventitia. These are distinct from a true aneurysm which has a wall comprising all three layers. The underlying etiology for both true aneurysms and pseudoaneurysm can vary. We present the rare case of bilateral superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysms, of unknown etiology and a concurrent posterior tibial artery saccular aneurysm in a patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and multiple comorbidities. This was managed using a combination of endovascular covered stent grafts and open surgical repair technique. The patient is doing well on follow‐up a year later with no post‐operative infections. A literature review of the existing reports of superficial femoral artery pseudoaneurysms and posterior tibial artery aneurysms and their management is also reported.
Investigating refugees’ negotiation of professional possible selves
Authors: Fedrigo Laurence , Masdonati Jonas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany barriers threaten refugees’ professional and social integration in their resettlement countries. Through semi‐structured interviews and based on the concept of possible selves, we aimed to understand how 22 refugees aged from 18 to 35 and coming from Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iran, Somalia, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine, and Yemen constructed and negotiated their career plans considering contextual factors. Results show that forced migration impacted the participants in three different ways: some were still striving for the ideal, pursuing their ideal career plans, while others were revising them either by revisiting the ideal or letting go of the ideal. They used different strategies of reducing expectations, exploring new possibilities, delaying, or abandoning their ideal plans for more probable ones, considering their current situation and barriers (i.e., lack of language proficiency, refugee permits, recognized diplomas, or childcare solutions). We discuss concrete implications for practice and provide future research insights.
Ontogenetic shift or not? Different foraging trade‐offs within the meso‐ to bathypelagic fish community
Authors: Loutrage Liz , Brind'Amour Anik , Chouvelon Tiphaine , Spitz Jérôme 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDuring ontogeny, the increase in body size forces species to make trade‐offs between their food requirements, the conditions necessary for growth and reproduction as well as the avoidance of predators. Ontogenetic changes are leading species to seek out habitats and food resources that meet their needs. To this end, ontogenetic changes in nocturnal habitat (vertical use of the water column) and in the type of food resources (based on stable isotopes of nitrogen) were investigated in 12 species of deep pelagic fish from the Bay of Biscay in the Northeast Atlantic. Our results revealed the existence of major differences in the ontogenetic strategies employed by deep pelagic fishes. Some species showed ontogenetic changes in both vertical habitat use and food resources (e.g. Jewel lanternfish (Lampanyctus crocodilus) and Atlantic soft pout (Melanostigma atlanticum)). In contrast, other species showed no ontogenetic change (e.g. Koefoed's searsid (Searsia koefoedi) and Lancet fish (Notoscopelus kroyeri)). Some species only changed food resources (e.g. Spotted lanternfish (Myctophum punctatum), Spotted barracudina (Arctozenus risso) and Stout sawpalate (Serrivomer beanii)), while others seemed to be influenced more by depth than by trophic features (e.g. Bluntsnout smooth‐head (Xenodermichthys copei) and Olfer's Hatchetfish (Argyropelecus olfersii)). These results suggest that to meet their increasing energy requirements during ontogeny, some species have adopted a strategy of shifting their food resources (larger prey or prey with a higher trophic level), while others seemed to maintain their food resources but are most likely increasing the quantity of prey ingested. As fish species can have different functional roles during their development within ecosystems, characterising ontogenetic changes in mesopelagic fish species is a crucial step to be considered in future research aimed at understanding and modelling the complexity of deep‐pelagic food webs.
Patterns and environmental drivers of C, N, and P stoichiometry in the leaf‐litter‐soil system associated with Mongolian pine forests
Authors: Ren Yue , Gao Guang‐lei , Ding Guo‐dong , Zhang Ying , Zhao Pei‐shan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEcological stoichiometry is an important approach to understand plant nutrient cycling and balance in the forest ecosystem. However, understanding of stoichiometric patterns through the leaf‐litter‐soil system of Mongolian pine among different stand origins is still scarce. Therefore, to reveal the variations in Mongolian pine carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry and stoichiometric homeostasis among different stand origins, we measured C, N, and P concentrations of leaves, litter, and soil, and analyzed the nutrient resorption efficiencies of leaves in differently aged plantations and natural forests from semi‐arid and dry sub‐humid regions. The results showed that (1) the stand origin had a significant effect on the C–N–P stoichiometry, and also significantly affected leaf N and P reabsorption efficiencies. Leaf N/P ratios indicated that Mongolian pine was co‐limited by N and P in the NF, HB and HQ, and was mainly limited by P in MU. (2) With increasing stand age, C concentrations in the leaf‐litter‐soil system initially increased and then decreased, the N and P concentrations and reabsorption efficiencies in the leaf‐litter‐soil system were gradually increased. Overall, stand age had a significant effect on N concentrations, C/N and C/P ratios in the leaf‐litter‐soil system. (3) The C and N elements between the leaf‐litter‐soil system had a strong coupling relationship, and the P element between litter‐soil had a strong coupling relationship. In addition, plantations exhibited greater N/P homeostasis than natural forests, and N/P exhibited greater homeostasis than N and P alone, which may be a nutrient utilization strategy for forests to alleviate N or P limitation. (4) Environmental factors have a significant influence on C–N–P stoichiometry in the leaf‐litter‐soil system, the most important soil properties and meteorological factors being soil water content and precipitation, respectively. These results will be essential to provide guidance for plantation restoration and management in desert regions.
[N−I−N] Type Halogen Bonding: Structure, Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Wang Tianhao , Xing Pengyao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHalogen bond has received widespread attention in recent years due to the vast applications in supramolecular chemistry, sensing and crystal engineering. In contrast to the normal halogen bonds, [N−I−N] type halogen bond exhibits enhanced strength and solvent resistance capabilities. It adopts a bonding geometry of the three‐center four‐electron bond, where the nitrogen can be a neutral, positive, or negative species such as pyridine, saccharin, and urotropine moieties. The emerging new type halogen bond has found specific potentials in constructing supramolecular architectures and catalysis. This concept provides a brief summary based on recent developments of [N−I−N] type halogen bonding, reviewing and summarizing its synthesis, structure and application.
COLORS ON ANCIENT GREEK TERRA‐COTTA FIGURINES
Authors: Hendrix Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSmall terra‐cotta figures, mostly of women, but occasionally of men or domestic animals, were produced in Greece in great numbers during the third and second centuries B.C. These miniature figures were often beautifully sculpted, with graceful poses and lively drapery. Traces of pigment still visible today reveal that the sculptures were vividly painted over their entire surfaces with a full spectrum of colors, creating a vibrant effect. Today, scientific analysis can identify the remaining pigment and present a clearer concept of the figures' original appearance.
Bismuth@Bismuth Sulfide Core@Shell Structure for Near Infrared II Light Triggered Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Lv Huiwei , Zhou Xiaomei , Yang Gang , Su Xin , Cheng Yan , Zhang Biao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNear infrared (NIR) light, especially NIR‐II, triggered photothermal therapy has gained increasing attention due to its deep tissue penetration ability. The development of new NIR‐II photothermal agent may accelerate the clinical translation. As a semiconductor, bismuth (Bi) can be activated by NIR‐II light. Herein, we developed Bi@bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) as new NIR‐II triggered PTA. The photothermal conversion efficiency of Bi@Bi2S3 NPs was calculated to be 48.39 %. With 1064 nm laser irradiation, Bi@Bi2S3 NPs could effectively induce temperature elevation and kill cancer cells. In vivo experiments further prove that Bi@Bi2S3 NPs can serve as an efficient photothermal agent with well biocompatibility for tumor elimination.