bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (all) in elderly patients
Authors: Virgilio J. F. , Moscinski L. C. , Ballester O. F. , Corrado C. , Guida C. , Balducci L. , Saba H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjective: To compare the clinical and biologic characteristics, response to therapy and outcome of adult patients with ALL above and below the age of 55.Design: Retrospective review of clinical and laboratory data.Setting: University affiliated Cancer Center and Veteran's Hospital.Patients: Thirty‐three newly diagnosed, consecutive, adults with ALL seen over a nine‐year period.Results: while no differences were demonstrated in the distribution of recognized prognostic indicators (such as cytogenetic abnormalities or immunophenotype), individuals over the age of 55 had significantly lower remission rates and shorter survivals.Conclusions: The outcome of elderly patients with ALL is very poor. This is primarily related to an increase in the number of early deaths during induction, as well as a higher prevalence of disease refractory to standard chemotherapy programmes. There is a need for new treatment protocols designed for the elderly ALL patient, as well as a better understanding of the unique biological characteristics of the disease in this age group.
Epstein‐barr virus‐related lymphomagenesis in a child with wiskott‐aldrich syndrome
Authors: Gulley Margaret L. , Chen Chi‐Long , Raab‐Traub Nancy 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA was detected in immunoblastic lymphoma arising in a child with the primary immunodeficiency, Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome. Southern blot analysis of the structure of the EBV genome revealed that the lymphoma was monoclonal and contained episomal EBV DNA. The EBV latent genes, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and the EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2), were detected by immunohistochemistry in the Wiskott‐Aldrich lymphoma but not in an EBV‐positive Burkitt's lymphoma, implying that host immune factors could influence EBV gene expression. Hybridization in situ demonstrated expression of EBV‐encoded RNA (EBER), the cellular c‐fgr protooncogene, and CD23 B‐cell activation transcripts in the Wiskott‐Aldrich lymphoma whereas EBER and c‐fgr but not CD23 were expressed in the Burkitt's lymphoma. These data suggest that in primary immunodeficiency‐related lymphoma, LMP1 and EBNA2 are expressed and that this expression correlates with expression of CD23. This supports previous in vitro studies showing that CD23 is specifically induced by LMP1 or EBNA2 genes. In contrast, expression of c‐fgr may be independent of expression of these EBV latent genes.
Reinforced HEAV'D therapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Improved results and revised prognostic criteria
Authors: Bassan Renato , Battista Raffaele , Montaldi Anna , Rambaldi Alessandro , D'emilio Anna , Viero Piera , Borleri Gianmaria , Buelli Maurizio , Dini Enrico , Barbui Tiziano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty‐six adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with adriamycin, vincristine. prednisolone, and asparaginase for remission induction, followed by vincristine‐adriamycin‐cyclophosphamide consolidation courses, cranial irradiation, a short ara‐C plus VM‐26 pulse, and vincristine plus cyclophosphamide rotating weekly with ara‐C plus VM‐26 for three months (reinforced HEAV'D). Thirty‐one patients achieved a complete remission (86 per cent). Compared with historical results from a prior study, age >30 years, absolute blast count >15 × 109/1, and CD10‐negative immunophenotype were not associated with higher relapse rate and shorter survival, suggesting a positive effect from intensification therapy with ara‐C and VM‐26 in these poor prognostic categories. However, patients with an abnormal karyotypic pattern or a positive molecular study for BCR‐ABL rearrangement detecting t(9;22) had a far greater likelihood of treatment failure (probability of remission at 3 years 0·10) than those with normal karyotype or negative molecular study (probability 0·70), and those not studied or with insufficient methaphases (probability 0·50) (p<0·05 by log‐rank test). These results underline the prognostic importance of chromosomal abnormalities and the usefulness of ara‐C and VM‐26 in the management of adult ALL.
Recombinant interferon‐ALPHA2b and high dose methyl prednisolone in relapsed and resistant multiple myeloma
Authors: Ganjoo R. K. , Johnson P. W. M. , Evans M. L. , Williams A , Rohatiner A. Z. S. , Lister T. A. , Malpas J. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐one patients with referactory myeloma (10 primary resistant and 11 relapsed resistant) were treated with a combination of high dose methyl prednisolone and recombinant interferon alpha2b (IFN‐α2b). This treatment included three megaunits/m2 of IFN‐α2b three times a week for 12 weeks, plus 5‐day pulsed high dose methyl prednisolone every 3 weeks for two courses. A partial response (more than 50 per cent reduction in paraprotein) was observed in six patients; two of these had a greater than 75 per cent reduction in paraprotein, and evaluation of bone marrow showed <5 per cent plasma cells. A minimal response (more than 25 per cent reduction in paraprotein) was seen in four patients, giving an overall objective response rate of 10/21 (48 per cent). Subjective response, in terms of subsidence of pain and improvement of performance status, was seen in all patients who had adequate therapy.The protocol was generally well tolerated with minimal side‐effects. There were 4/21 (19 per cent) treatment‐related deaths which, though considerable, was anticipated in such a study population. The excellent subjective response seen supplements the objective response observed, and suggests a potential role for the combination of methyl prednisolone and IFN‐α2b in refractory myeloma.
Oligonucleotides in the treatment of leukemia
Authors: Bayever Eliel , Iversen Patrick 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe use of synthetic oligonucleotides directed towards specific genes in the therapy of leukemias has evolved rapidly over the past 5 years to early clinical trials. Undoubtedly, use of these compounds for systemic therapy and bone marrow‘purging’ will escalate. Such trials will be models for the treatment of many other malignant diseases and, indeed, non‐malignant diseases which may be expected to respond to eradication of a specific gene function. We are currently at the threshold of a new era of therapy which holds the promise of totally transforming clinical medicine in the next decade.
Prognosis in low grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: relevance of the number of sites involved, absolute lymphocyte count and serum immunoglobulin level
Authors: Parker D. , Alison D. L. , Barnard D. L. , Child J. A. , Dovey G. , Farish J. , Norfolk D. R. , O'brien C. J. , Parapia L. A. , Sharp J. , Simmons A. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighty‐eight patients with low grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma were followed for a median period of 63 months. Sixty‐eight per cent of the group were centrocytic/centroblastic B cell lymphomas by the updated Kiel classification. Fifty‐one (58 per cent) of the patients were stage IV by the Ann Arbor classification. In 18 of these patients the bone marrow was the only site of extranodal involvement. Univariate survival analysis showed that the sum of involved sites was more discriminatory than Ann Arbor stage. Analysis by site of involvement showed that the liver and other intraabdominal sites were associated with worse survival than involvement of peripheral lymph nodes. Bone marrow and spleen involvement were not significantly associated with short survival. Increasing age at presentation was strongly associated with shorter survival and was also inversely correlated with serum albumin. Both low absolute lymphocyte count (<1.0 × 10 9/1), low serum IgG level (<10 g/1) and low total immunoglobulins on presentation were significantly associated with short survival. Multivariate analysis showed that age, serum albumin and number of involved sites gave the best survival prediction. The sum of involved sites, immunoglobulin level and absolute lymphocyte count may be useful objective markers of prognosis in low‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in childhood—frequent occurrence of atypical mononuclear cells
Authors: Wong K. F. , Chan J. K. C. , Ha S. Y. , Wong H. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractReactive hemophagocytic syndrome, which is characterized by systemic proliferation of benign hemophagocytic histiocytes, usually presents as an acute febrile illness with pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. The commoner diseases associated with the syndrome are infection and malignant lymphoma. In this report, eight cases of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome occurring in infants and young children are described. Unlike the disease occurring in adults, there is frequent occurrence of atypical mononuclear cells both in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The morphological spectrum of these atypical cells is however still within that seen in infectious mononucleosis, and their reactive nature is substantiated by their spontaneous disappearance and subsequent recovery of the patients. It is important to distinguish this reactive proliferation from the neoplastic cells of‘malignant histiocytosis’ or malignant lymphoma, since cytotoxic drugs are not warranted for treatment of this non‐neoplastic condition.
Non‐cryopreserved, limited number (1 or 2) peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) collections following GCSF administration provide adequate hematologic support for high dose chemotherapy
Authors: Bezwoda W. R. , Dansey R. , Seymour L. , Glencross D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐two patients with a variety of malignant diseases including 44 with breast cancer, seven with sarcomas, five with germ cell tumours, four with Hodgkin's disease and two with multiple myeloma received short duration, high dose chemotherapy, with non‐cryopreserved peripheral blood progenitor cell rescue as treatment for malignancy. Limited, (one or two) peripheral blood precursor cell collections were performed following either cyclophosphamide, cyclophosphamide + GCSF or GCSF priming. Total nucleated cell and CD34+ cell yields were significantly higher with either of the two GCSF priming regimens as compared to cyclophosphamide only priming. Cell viability at the time or reinfusion was also enhanced by GCSF priming. Chemotherapy regimens included either high dose cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone and VP16 (HD‐CNV); high dose melphelan plus VP16; high dose BCNU, cyclophosphamide and VP16 (BCV); or high carboplatin, cyclophosphamide and VP16 (PCV) all given over 8–12 h. Non‐cryopreserved blood progenitor cells, stored at 4 °C, were reinfused 24 h after completion of chemotherapy. Sixty‐one of 62 patients showed hematologic recovery. Median time to hematologic recovery was significantly shorter for patients receiving GCSF primed cell collections. There was also significantly less hospitalization and antibiotic usage for patients receiving GCSF primed precursor cell collections. The addition of post chemotherapy GCSF did not, however, appear to enhance the rate of hematologic recovery. This study shows that simplified schedules for high dose chemotherapy administration together with simple precursor cell collection procedures provide safe and effective methods for administering myeloablative chemotherapy treatment.
Recent progress in multiple myeloma
Authors: Moscinski Lynn C. , Ballester Oscar F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMultiple myeloma is recognized as a neoplasm of phenotypically mature plasma cells which produces a variety of clinical symptoms related both to tumour infiltration of the bone marrow and cytokine production. The latter results in bone disease and a complex interactive network between plasma cells, marrow stromal cells and other hematopoietic cells. This serves to sustain the myeloma proliferative pool and promote maturation and secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Whereas the recognizable tumour cells in myeloma are the most mature B cells, early lymphoid cells are involved in the disease and probably represent the proliferative pre‐plasma cell compartment. The definition of the myeloma‘stem cell’ remains controversial, but our understanding of early pre‐plasma cell differentiation in multiple myeloma has been aided by studies on normal non‐neoplastic equivalents. Techniques like high resolution flow cytometry, flow cytometric DNA analysis and improvements in our ability to obtain karyotypic data in multiple myeloma will improve our understanding of myeloma cell biology, hopefully yielding new prognostic information. Finally, improvements in assessing prognosis will help identify patients whose survival with standard therapy is limited and how may require innovative or aggressive treatment protocols. These individuals must be separated from patients who either require no initial therapy or who are likely to have good outcomes with standard approaches.
Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma
Authors: Rodriguez Jose , Pugh William C. , Romaguera Jorge E. , Cabanillas Fernando 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPurpose: Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma PMLCL is a recently described entity which has provoked considerable interest lately. The unique immunophenotype of the malignant cell, as well as conflicting reports regarding its response to therapy, prompted us to review the current literature focusing on the pathological and clinical aspects of this disease.Design: We reviewed the current literature that contained details on the clinical presentation, pathological profile and clinical outcome.Results: Most reports agree that PMLCL typically affects a young female population and presents with symptoms related to compression of mediastinal structures. Pathologically, the malignant cells may arise from a distinctive thymic medullary B cell subpopulation which is characterized by the following phenotype: CD19+, CD21 –, CD20+, CD22+. Alterations of c‐myc and lack of expression of HLA class 1 antigens on the tumour cell surface have been described. Response to treatment and clinical outcome have varied from one series to another and is possibly explained by the small number of patients in most series and by the heterogeneity of therapy. In general, the outcome does not appear to be worse than that of other large cell lymphomas although, given the young age of these patients, it might be expected to be more favourable.Conclusions: Primary mediastinal large cell lymphoma is a distinct clinico‐pathological entity characterized by: (1) a predominance of young adults; (2) female predominance (female/male ratio of 2:1) in contrast to the other large cell lymphomas; (3) CD19+/CD21 – immunophenotype; (4) absence of HLA‐class 1 antigen expression; (5) possible involvement of c‐myc; (6) frequent dissemination at relapse to unusual anatomic sites in a pattern reminiscent of Burkitt's lymphoma.The role of radiotherapy and the optimal treatment for this disorder are issues that remain unresolved.
Alternating chemotherapy regimen (P‐VABEC) for intermediate and high‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma of the middle aged and elderly
Authors: Caracciolo F. , Petrini M. , Capochiani E. , Papineschi F. , Carulli G. , Grassi B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn intensive third generation regimen (P‐VABEC) including adriamycin, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, bleomycin and prednisolone was administered to 43 unselected elderly patients with intermediate or high‐grade non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). The median age was 67, 40 per cent were Ann Arbor stage IV, 73 per cent had‘B’ symptoms, 55 per cent had bulky disease, 48 per cent had serum lactate dehydrogenase greater than 450 U/1, 85 per cent had serum thymidine‐kinase greater than 4 U/1. Thirty patients were previously untreated. The complete remission (CR) rate was 74 per cent, and the partial remission (PR) rate 23 per cent, with an overall response rate of 97 per cent. The regimen was carried out on an outpatient basis in all patients. No death occurred during therapy. The Kaplan‐Meier actuarial survival of all patients at 3‐years is 47 per cent, and 50 per cent (16/32) of all patients who attained CR remain alive and in remission at a median of 21+ months (range 6+ to 42+). These results confirm that high remission and failure‐free survival rates can be achieved also in elderly unselected patients with aggressive NHL treated with curative intent.
Novel leukemic lymphoma with probable derivation from immature stage of natural killer (NK) lineage in an aged patient
Authors: Kawano Seiji , Tatsumi Eiji , Yoneda Noriko , Yamaguchi Nobuo , Goji Junko , Ito Hiroshi , Nagai Tomoko , Nishikori Masaru , Okamura Akiharu , Koiwai Osamu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 66‐year‐old male patient was admitted with dyspnea; physical examination revealed petechiae and systemic lymphadenopathy. Laboratory findings showed leukemia. The blasts in the peripheral blood were negative for cytochemical myeloperoxidase, and had condensed nuclear chromatin with a nucleolus. The histological diagnosis of the biopsied neck lymph node was lymphoblastic lymphoma. The leukemia cells expressed CD2, CD6, CD7, CD13low, CD56, β chain of IL‐2 receptorlow (IL‐2Rβ), and HLA‐DR antigens, but not other pan‐T (CD5, CD3, CD4, and CD8); pan‐B (CD10, CD19, CD20, and CD24); natural killer (NK) (CD16, CD57); or myeloid (CD33) antigens. Electronmicroscopy revealed convoluted nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli and peripherally condensed heterochromatin. Membrane‐bound granules containing an electron dense matrix were observed in the cytoplasm, indicating the NK cell nature of the neoplastic cells. While terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and cytoplasmic CD3 were not detected by immunofluorescence on fixed smears, Northern blot analysis revealed the gene expression of CD3σ, CD3ζ, and TdT. Gene rearrangement analysis revealed that the β, γ, and δ chains of T‐cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) were of germline genotype.While the overall interpretation of the phenotype and genotype was difficult, the derivation of an immature stage of NK lineage was strongly suggested, based predominantly on the electronmicroscopic features. Despite initially successful chemotherapy, the patient died 14 months after initial presentation.
Persistent growth of BALB/C mouse plasmacytoma and human myeloma cell lines in the presence of phorbol myristate acetate is associated with continued expression of Lap18 (stathmin)
Authors: Jones N. A. , Rowlands D. C. , Johnson W. E. B. , Maclennan I. C. M. , Brown G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLap 18 is a highly conserved cytosolic protein that is expressed in dividing cells. Data from a number of studies show that a range of cell lines and mitogen‐stimulated normal cells cultured in PMA phosphorylate and subsequently down‐regulate Lap 18. This has been found to be associated with growth arrest, although it is not clear that these events are causally related. In the present study we confirm that the HL60 promyelocytic leukemia and K562 erythroleukemia cell lines, when cultured with PMA, behave in this manner. This was not the case for any of five mouse plasmacytoma cell lines and six lines derived from patients with multiple myeloma or plasma cell leukemia. All of these lines contain Lap18, although the level of this protein in the mouse but not the human plasmacytoma cell‐line cells is relatively low. All the neoplastic plasma cell‐line cells phosphorylate Lap18 on culture with PMA, but this does not induce growth arrest nor result in down‐regulation of Lap18 expression. Further experiments are required to test whether there is a mechanistic relationship between the continued growth of plasmacytoma cell lines and their failure to down‐regulate Lap18 on culture in PMA.
Polyradiculopathy complicating acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Banerjee P. , Maccallum P. K. , Walker R. W. H. , Lister T. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA patient who presented with a symmetrical polyradiculopathy 6 months before the onset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is described. This case shows that bone marrow aspiration should be considered in such presentations when no other cause has been identified, even if the CSF is not initially diagnostic and the full blood count appears normal.
Simultaneous presentation of hairy cell leukemia and follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma in a patient with previous diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Diaz‐Pavon Jose Rodriguez , Pugh William , Cabanillas Fernando 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHairy cell leukemia is a lymphoproliferative disorder of the B lymphoid system that is associated with an increased incidence of second malignancies. Most of these second neoplasma have been solid tumours and few reports of lymphoid malignancies exist. We report here a case of simultaneous presentation of hairy cell leukemia diagnosed in the spleen of a patient under therapy for follicular lymphoma who had an antecendent history of renal cell carcinoma. The hairy cell leukemia and the follicular lymphoma were studied by means of molecular techniques and they were found to contain two different clonal B cell proliferations. This suggests an independent origin of these two B cell neoplasms. As far as we know, this is the first report of the coexistence of hairy cell leukemia and follicular lymphoma.
Multiple myeloma: An immunoclinical study of disease and response to treatment
Authors: Thavasu P. W. , Ganjoo R. K. , Maidment S. A. , Love S. B. , Williams A. H. , Malplas J. S. , Balkwill F. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPlasma cytokines and immune markers were assessed during the clinical management of 42 patients with multiple myeloma, MM. Of the patients 22/42 (all with progressive disease) were studied from the time of diagnosis, through various treatment regimes, to remission, progression or death. 5/42 patients had monoclonal gammopathy of undertermined significance (MGUS), 8/42 others had either indolent MM or stable MM, and a further 7/42 with progressive disease were also studied. IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐1α, IL‐1β, β2 microglobulin (β2M), and neopterin were estimated in bloods taken under optimal conditions for cytokine detection. The levels were compared with a panel of samples from healthy volunteers. Both immunoreactive and bilogically active plasma IL‐6 levels were measured. Pretreatment IL‐6 levels (both immunoreactive and biologically active) were found to correlate with severity of disease. In 13/22 patients with progressive disease who had been followed from the time of diagnosis over a 12‐month period or until death, pretreatment IL‐6 levels were predictive of response to therapy. Elevated plasma levels of TNF‐α, β2M and neopterin were found in patients with progressive multiple myeloma, and this correlated with renal impairment. The analytes measured during the course of chemotherapy did not show correlation with disease progression or response to therapy.