bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni and Co Active Site Transition and Competition in Fluorine‐Doped NiCo(OH)2 LDH Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Pei Mao‐Jun , Shuai Yan‐Kang , Gao Xiang , Chen Jia‐Cheng , Liu Yao , Yan Wei , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance of NiCo LDH electrocatalysts can be improved through fluorine doping. The roles of Ni and Co active sites in such catalysts remain ambiguous and controversial. In addressing the issue, this study draws upon the molecular orbital theory and proposes the active center competitive mechanism between Ni and Co. The doped F‐atoms can directly impact the valence state of metal atoms or exert an indirect influence through the dehydrogenation, thereby modulating the active center. As the F‐atoms are progressively aggregate, the eg orbitals of Ni and Co transition from e2g to e1g, and subsequently to e0g. The corresponding valence state elevates from +2 to +3, and then to +4, signifying an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease in the electrocatalytic performance. Furthermore, a series of F‐NiCo LDH catalysts are synthesized to verify the eg orbital occupancy analysis, and the catalytic OER overpotentials are 303, 243, 240, and 246 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively, which coincides well with the theoretical prediction. This investigation not only provides novel mechanistic insights into the transition and competition of Ni and Co in F‐NiCo LDH catalysts but also establishes a foundation for the design of high‐performance catalysts.
Dual Function of Naphthalenediimide Supramolecular Photocatalyst with Giant Internal Electric Field for Efficient Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Xu Shicheng , Chen Siqi , Li Yuxin , Gao Qiong , Luo Xingjian , Li Min , Ren Lirong , Wang Peng , Liu Liping , Wang Jun , Chen Xianjie , Chen Qian , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic supramolecular photocatalysts have garnered widespread attention due to their adjustable structure and exceptional photocatalytic activity. Herein, a novel bis‐dicarboxyphenyl‐substituent naphthalenediimide self‐assembly supramolecular photocatalyst (SA‐NDI‐BCOOH) with efficient dual‐functional photocatalytic performance is successfully constructed. The large molecular dipole moment and short‐range ordered stacking structure of SA‐NDI‐BCOOH synergistically create a giant internal electric field (IEF), resulting in a remarkable 6.7‐fold increase in its charge separation efficiency. Additionally, the tetracarboxylic structure of SA‐NDI‐BCOOH greatly enhances its hydrophilicity. Thus, SA‐NDI‐BCOOH demonstrates efficient dual‐functional activity for photocatalytic hydrogen and oxygen evolution, with rates of 372.8 and 3.8 µmol h−1, respectively. Meanwhile, a notable apparent quantum efficiency of 10.86% at 400 nm for hydrogen evolution is achieved, prominently surpassing many reported supramolecular photocatalysts. More importantly, with the help of dual co‐catalysts, it exhibits photocatalytic overall water splitting activity with H2 and O2 evolution rates of 3.2 and 1.6 µmol h−1. Briefly, this work sheds light on enhancing the IEF by controlling the molecular polarity and stacking structure to dramatically improve the photocatalytic performance of supramolecular materials.
Supporting faculty with SoTL through an intensive SoTL Scholars program
Authors: Taggart Jessica , Wheeler Lindsay B. , Dela Cruz Kenn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter describes the development, implementation, and assessment of an intensive Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) Scholars program grounded in self‐determination theory. These findings provide one of the first integrations of theory into studying the impact of SoTL and can support educational developers with SoTL initiatives at their own institutions.
Physico‐chemical and bacteriological study of ground water quality of Belpahar area, Odisha, India using artificial neural networks
Authors: Barik Pritisha , Biswal Trinath 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe major objective of this work is to determine the degree of contamination of ground water in the Belpahar area of Odisha, India, by calculating WQI, assessing the presence of toxic metals, studying bacteriological analysis, and ultimately predicting the suitability of ground water for human use. A machine learning approach, the ANN model, was used to compare the experimental values with the predicted value of water quality and predict the level of contamination in the future. The level of performance due to modelling was evaluated by applying numerous statistical indices. The whole area was divided into five zones, such as residential, tourist, industrial, village, and coal mining areas, and ten ground water samples were collected in each zone. The WQI of the tourist area is 76.017, the village area is 70.721, the industrial area is 122.423, the residential area is 74.880, and the coal mining area is 115.507, indicating the industrial area is extensively polluted because of the impact of extensive industrialization. From the analysis of metals, it was estimated that toxic metals like Cr6+ (VI), Se, Mn, Zn, and Cu are much higher than the permissible limit, particularly in mining and industrial areas. From bacteriological analysis, it was found that the number of viable E. coli bacteria is highest in the TRL colony, that is, 18.2 × 107, and lowest in village areas such as Sarbahal (17.9 × 107), Ujjalpur (15.5 × 107), and tourist, industrial, and coal mining areas because of fewer human activities. Hence, suitable management, viable remedial measures, and the distribution of ground water in the Belpahar area must be recommended.
In hospital outcomes of autologous and implant‐based breast reconstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Li Renxi , Ranganath Bharat 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common comorbid condition that can be associated with postoperative mortality and morbidity. However, the outcome profile of patients with COPD after breast reconstruction has yet to be established. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the postoperative outcomes in patients with COPD who underwent autologous (ABR) and implant‐based breast reconstruction (IBR).MethodsNational Inpatient Sample was used to identify patients who underwent ABR or IBR from Q4 2015 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to compare inhospital outcomes between COPD and non‐COPD patients while adjusting for demographics, primary payer status, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities.ResultsThere were 1288 (9.92%) COPD and 11,696 non‐COPD patients who underwent ABR. Meanwhile, 1742 (9.70%) COPD and 16,221 non‐COPD patients underwent IBR. In both ABR and IBR, patients with COPD had higher rates of seroma (ABR, aOR = 1.863, 95% CI = 1.022–3.397, and p = 0.04; IBR, aOR = 1.524, 95% CI = 1.014–2.291, and p = 0.04), infection (ABR, aOR = 1.863, 95% CI = 1.022–3.397, and p = 0.04; IBR, aOR = 1.956, 95% CI = 1.205–3.176, and p = 0.01), and prolonged LOS (p < 0.01). Specifically, patients with COPD in ABR had higher risks of respiratory complications (aOR = 1.991, 95% CI = 1.291–3.071, and p < 0.01) and incurred higher total hospital charges (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, patients with COPD undergoing IBR had elevated risks of renal complications (aOR = 3.421, 95% CI = 2.108–5.55, and p < 0.01), deep wound complications (aOR = 3.191, 95% CI = 1.423–7.153, and p < 0.01), and a higher rate of transfers out (aOR = 1.815, 95% CI = 1.081–3.05, and p = 0.02).ConclusionCOPD is an independent risk factor associated with distinct adverse outcomes in ABR and IBR. These findings can be valuable for preoperative risk stratification, determining surgical candidacy, and planning postoperative management in patients with COPD.
A cosmological bootstrap for resonant non-Gaussianity
Authors: Pueyo Carlos Duaso , Pajer Enrico 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Recent progress has revealed a number of constraints that cosmological correlators and the closely related field-theoretic wavefunction must obey as a consequence of unitarity, locality, causality and the choice of initial state. When combined with symmetries, namely homogeneity, isotropy and scale invariance, these constraints enable one to compute large classes of simple observables, an approach known as (boostless) cosmological bootstrap. Here we show that it is possible to relax the restriction of scale invariance, if one retains a discrete scaling subgroup. We find an infinite class of solutions to the weaker bootstrap constraints and show that they reproduce and extend resonant non-Gaussianity, which arises in well-motivated models such as axion monodromy inflation. We find no evidence of the new non-Gaussian shapes in the Planck data. Intriguingly, our results can be re-interpreted as a deformation of the scale-invariant case to include a complex order of the total energy pole, or more evocatively interactions with a complex number of derivatives. We also discuss for the first time IR-divergent resonant contributions and highlight an inconsequential inconsistency in the previous literature.
Geometries with twisted spheres and non-abelian T-dualities
Authors: Lunin Oleg , Shah Parita 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Spectral flow in two-dimensional superconformal field theories is known to correspond to a geometrical mixing between two circles in the gravity dual. We generalize this operation to the geometries which have SO(k+1)×SO(k+1) isometries with k > 1 and perform various non-abelian T-dualities of the resulting twisted backgrounds. Combination of non-abelian twists and dualities leads to a new solution generating technique in supergravity, and we apply it to the geometries dual to supersymmetric states in $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory.
Peracetic acid sterilized tendon and ligament allografts for knee reconstruction
Authors: Ahrens Philipp , Borchert Gudrun H. , Freutel Christin , Ahmed Norus , Brune Jan C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe use of allografts and autografts has been met with mixed views on whether allografts are a suitable alternative to autografts.QuestionWe aimed to investigate if chemically sterilized allografts show similar rerupture rates to those reported in the literature for allografts and autografts in anterior (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligaments (PCL) and complex knee surgery.Materials and methodsRetrospective data on knee reconstructions performed between 2011 and 2015 with tendon/ligamnet allografts sterilized with peracetic acid were collected in the form of a questionnaire. The inclusion criteria of 2 years for each patient were met by 38 patients, representing 22 ACL reconstructions, 5 PCL reconstructions, 3 OTHER surgeries, including the Larson technique and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction and 8 COMPLEX surgeries. The main endpoints were rerupture and complication rate. Secondary endpoints included stability of the knee (Lachman test, Pivot shift test) and the range of motion.ResultsThe rerupture rate was 7.9% (3 grafts). Reruptures only occurred in the ACL group. No reruptures were observed in the PCL, OTHER and COMPLEX surgery groups. Stability improved significantly after surgery and the range of motion returned to values similar to that of healthy knees.ConclusionsTendon allografts sterilized with peracetic acid show promising low rerupture rates and good clinical scores and the results are comparable to the literature on autografts and other allografts.Graphic abstract
Visual analytics system for understanding DeepRL-based charged particle tracking
Authors: Mulawade Raju Ningappa , Garth Christoph , Wiebel Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, we propose a visual analytics system to analyze deep reinforcement learning (deepRL) models working on the track reconstruction of charged particles in the field of particle physics. The data of these charged particles are in the form of point clouds with high-dimensional features. We use one of the existing post hoc saliency methods of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) and extend its adaptation to compute saliency attributions for the input data corresponding to the output of the model. Our proposed system helps users to explore these saliency attributions corresponding to the high-dimensional input data of the machine learning model and interpret the decision-making process of the model. In particular, we provide the users with multiple task-oriented components, different types of linked views and interactive tools to analyze the model. We explain how to use the system by outlining a typical user workflow and demonstrate the system’s usefulness using several case studies which address specific analysis tasks.
Oxidation–reduction imaging of myoglobin reveals two-phase oxidation in the reperfused myocardium
Authors: Badawi Sally , Leboullenger Clémence , Chourrout Matthieu , Gouriou Yves , Paccalet Alexandre , Pillot Bruno , Augeul Lionel , Bolbos Radu , Bongiovani Antonino , Mewton Nathan , Bochaton Thomas , Ovize Michel , Tardivel Meryem , Kurdi Mazen , Canet-Soulas Emmanuelle , Da Silva Claire Crola , Bidaux Gabriel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is a serious acute cardiovascular syndrome that causes myocardial injury due to blood flow obstruction to a specific myocardial area. Under ischemic–reperfusion settings, a burst of reactive oxygen species is generated, leading to redox imbalance that could be attributed to several molecules, including myoglobin. Myoglobin is dynamic and exhibits various oxidation–reduction states that have been an early subject of attention in the food industry, specifically for meat consumers. However, rarely if ever have the myoglobin optical properties been used to measure the severity of MI. In the current study, we develop a novel imaging pipeline that integrates tissue clearing, confocal and light sheet fluorescence microscopy, combined with imaging analysis, and processing tools to investigate and characterize the oxidation–reduction states of myoglobin in the ischemic area of the cleared myocardium post-MI. Using spectral imaging, we have characterized the endogenous fluorescence of the myocardium and demonstrated that it is partly composed by fluorescence of myoglobin. Under ischemia–reperfusion experimental settings, we report that the infarcted myocardium spectral signature is similar to that of oxidized myoglobin signal that peaks 3 h post-reperfusion and decreases with cardioprotection. The infarct size assessed by oxidation–reduction imaging at 3 h post-reperfusion was correlated to the one estimated with late gadolinium enhancement MRI at 24 h post-reperfusion. In conclusion, this original work suggests that the redox state of myoglobin can be used as a promising imaging biomarker for characterizing and estimating the size of the MI during early phases of reperfusion.
Lichen biomonitoring to assess spatial variability, potential sources and human health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and airborne metal concentrations in Manchester (UK)
Authors: Niepsch Daniel , Clarke Leon J. , Jones Rhys G. , Tzoulas Konstantinos , Cavan Gina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAirborne metals and organic pollutants are linked to severe human health impacts, i.e. affecting the nervous system and being associated with cancer. Airborne metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban environments are derived from diverse sources, including combustion and industrial and vehicular emissions, posing a threat to air quality and subsequently human health. A lichen biomonitoring approach was used to assess spatial variability of airborne metals and PAHs, identify potential pollution sources and assess human health risks across the City of Manchester (UK). Metal concentrations recorded in lichen samples were highest within the city centre area and along the major road network, and lichen PAH profiles were dominated by 4-ring PAHs (189.82 ng g−1 in Xanthoria parietina), with 5- and 6-ring PAHs also contributing to the overall PAH profile. Cluster analysis and pollution index factor (PIF) calculations for lichen-derived metal concentrations suggested deteriorated air quality being primarily linked to vehicular emissions. Comparably, PAH diagnostic ratios identified vehicular sources as a primary cause of PAH pollution across Manchester. However, local more complex sources (e.g. industrial emissions) were further identified. Human health risk assessment found a “moderate” risk for adults and children by airborne potential harmful element (PHEs) concentrations, whereas PAH exposure in Manchester is potentially linked to 1455 (ILCR = 1.45 × 10−3) cancer cases (in 1,000,000). Findings of this study indicate that an easy-to-use lichen biomonitoring approach can aid to identify hotspots of impaired air quality and potential human health impacts by airborne metals and PAHs across an urban environment, particularly at locations that are not continuously covered by (non-)automated air quality measurement programmes.
Graphical Abstract
Unravelling the Longitudinal Relations Between Developmental Milestones, General Psychopathology, and Personality Functioning in a Youth Clinical Sample
Authors: Iannattone Sara , Schuiringa Hilde D. , Aleva Anouk , Koster Nagila , van Aken Marcel A. G. , Hessels Christel J. , van der Heijden Paul T. , Laceulle Odilia M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPersonality functioning, general psychopathology, and developmental milestones achievement are critical domains in the field of young people’s mental health; however, no prior research has considered these variables jointly or examined the temporal dynamics between them. To fill these gaps, the present study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between the above constructs in a clinical sample of Dutch youth. 525 outpatients (72.5% women; age range: 12–26 years, M = 18.8 ± 2.83) diagnosed with different psychological difficulties were recruited from specialized mental health care services in The Netherlands. They completed self-report measures assessing personality functioning, psychopathological symptoms, and the achievement of youth-specific developmental milestones. Data were collected on three occasions within a year and modelled using a Cross-Lagged Panel Model approach. The levels of personality dysfunction, general psychopathology, and developmental milestones achievement were found to fluctuate from one wave to the other. Personality dysfunction and general psychopathology were positively interrelated at each time point, while both constructs were negatively associated with developmental milestones achievement. Importantly, difficulties achieving developmental milestones predicted a worsening in personality functioning 6 months later. This result would suggest that the achievement of developmental milestones precedes personality functioning, supporting the importance of interventions promoting age-adequate functioning in youth.
Ultrasound-Guided External Oblique Intercostal Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Patient and Observer-Blinded Study
Authors: Kavakli Ali Sait , Sahin Taylan , Koc Umit , Karaveli Arzu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The external oblique intercostal plane (EOI) block is a novel block technique for anterolateral upper abdominal wall analgesia. The superficial nature of the external oblique intercostal plane allows it to be easily identified even in patients with obesity. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that EOI block would reduce IV morphine consumption within 24 h after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Materials and Methods
Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: EOI block group and control group. The patients in the EOI block group received ultrasound-guided bilateral EOI block with a total of 40 ml 0.25% bupivacaine after anesthesia induction. The patients in the control group received no intervention. Postoperatively, all the patients were connected to an intravenous patient controlled analgesia (PCA) device containing morphine. The primary outcome of the study was IV morphine consumption in the first postoperative 24 h.

Results
The median [interquartile range] morphine consumption at 24 h postoperatively was significantly lower in the EOI block group than in the control group (7.5 [3.5 to 8.5] mg vs 14 [12 to 20] mg, p = 0.0001, respectively). Numerical rating scale (NRS) scores at rest and during movement were lower in the EOI block group than in the control group at 2, 6, and 12 h but were similar at 24 h. No block-related complications were observed in any patients.

Conclusion
The results of the current study demonstrated that bilateral EOI block reduced postoperative opioid consumption and postoperative pain in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05663658.

Graphical Abstract
Blood glucose control and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in people with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Della Pepa G. , Lupoli R. , Masulli M. , Boccia R. , De Angelis R. , Gianfrancesco S. , Piccolo R. , Rainone C. , Rivellese A. A. , Annuzzi G. , Bozzetto L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) may have distinctive pathophysiological features in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We evaluated the independent role of blood glucose control on MASLD in T1D.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study on 659 T1D adult patients, MASLD was assessed by the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) and the Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI). Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical parameters were retrieved from electronic records. Blood glucose control status was evaluated by dividing participants into subgroups according to the median value of HbA1c [7.6% (60 mmol/mol)], and this analysis was repeated excluding overweight/obese patients.

Results
Patients with HbA1c above 7.6% (60 mmol/mol) showed significantly higher MASLD indices (HSI 38 ± 6 vs. 36 ± 5, p < 0.001; FLI 26 ± 26 vs.19 ± 19, p < 0.001), and higher proportions of MASLD identified by HSI (57 vs. 44%, p < 0.001) and FLI (14 vs. 7%, p < 0.001) than patients with HbA1c below 7.6% (60 mmol/mol). Similar results were obtained for HSI after the exclusion of overweight/obese patients. Stepwise linear regression analysis confirmed that HbA1c was independently associated with HSI (r = 0.496, p = 0.009) and FLI (r = 0.722, p = 0.007); waist circumference with HSI (r = 0.492, p < 0.001); and waist circumference (r = 0.700, p < 0.001), HDL cholesterol (r = 0.719, p < 0.001), and LDL cholesterol (r = 0.712, p < 0.001) with FLI.

Conclusions
Blood glucose control is a main factor associated with MASLD in adults with T1D, also independently of overweight and obesity. Appropriate therapeutic strategies focused on tight blood glucose control may also be needed for the prevention and treatment of MASLD in T1D.