bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SreC‐dependent adaption to host iron environments regulates the transition of trophic stages and developmental processes of Curvularia lunata
Authors: Sun Jiaying , Zhao Jiamei , Liu Miaomiao , Li Jiayang , Cheng Jie , Li Wenling , Yuan Mingyue , Xiao Shuqin , Xue Chunsheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlant pathogens are challenged by host‐derived iron starvation or excess during infection, but the mechanism of plant pathogens rapidly adapting to the dynamic host iron environments to assimilate iron for invasion and colonization remains largely unexplored. Here, we found that the GATA transcription factor SreC in Curvularia lunata is required for virulence and adaption to the host iron excess environment. SreC directly binds to the ATGWGATAW element in an iron‐dependent manner to regulate the switch between different iron assimilation pathways, conferring adaption to host iron environments in different trophic stages of C. lunata. SreC also regulates the transition of trophic stages and developmental processes in C. lunata. SreC‐dependent adaption to host iron environments is essential to the infectious growth and survival of C. lunata. We also demonstrate that CgSreA (a SreC orthologue) plays a similar role in Colletotrichum graminicola. We conclude that Sre mediates adaption to the host iron environment during infection, and the function is conserved in hemibiotrophic fungi.
Histological analysis of bone grafts fixed with ethyl‐cyanoacrylate and fixed with titanium screw: An experimental study on rats
Authors: Chandretti Paula Carolina de Souza , Santos Rodrigo Falci , Júlio Isabelle Cristina Garcia , Rocha Ana Gabriela Carvalho , Medeiros Yuri de Lima , Gollner Ângela Maria , Assis Neuza Maria Souza Picorelli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate, through qualitative and semi‐quantitative histological analysis, onlay autologous bone grafts fixed with ethyl‐cyanoacrylate adhesive and titanium screw, in order to verify whether the method of applying the adhesive would interfere with the graft incorporation.Materials and MethodsFourteen rats underwent bone graft surgery: seven grafts were fixed with ethyl‐cyanoacrylate (SB group, n = 7) and seven grafts were fixed with titanium screws (TS group, n = 7). After 30 days, the grafts were histologically analysed for vitality, adhesive presence, tissue reaction with formation of osteoid matrix, bone resorption presence, capillaries formation, inflammatory infiltrate, fibroblastic proliferation, presence of osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. The data were submitted to non‐parametric tests, Mann–Whitney, Fisher's Test, Wilcoxon and McNemar and to statistical analysis (p < 0.05).ResultsNo significant differences were found in the qualitative evaluations. While findings of more osteocytes (p = 0.035) in the TS group in greater inflammation (p = 0.030) and more osteoclasts (p = 0.048) in the SB. Despite the fact that the titanium screw has presented bone neoformation with welding points, there was no complete incorporation and the adhesive affected the bone repair in a way that not even neoformation points could be seen in 30 days.ConclusionThe method of applying the adhesive did not show an advantage according to the histological aspects studied, as there was the formation of a dead space at the interface of the SB group and the adhesive acted as a barrier.
Coordination of pinna, petiole, and root anatomical traits in 24 tropical‐subtropical fern species
Authors: Huang Dong‐Liu , Xiang Wei , Liu Hui , Zhu Shi‐Dan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFerns are primitive vascular plants with diverse morphologies and structures. Plant anatomical traits and their linkages can reflect adaptation to the environment; however, these remain are still poorly understood in ferns. The main objective of this study was to explore whether there was structural coordination among and within organs in fern species. We measured 16 hydraulically related anatomical traits of pinnae, petioles, and roots of 24 representative fern species from the tropical and subtropical forest understory and analyzed trait correlation networks. In addition, we examined phylogenetic signals for the anatomical traits and analyzed co‐evolutionary relationships. These results indicated that stomatal density and all petiole anatomical traits exhibited significant phylogenetic signals. Evolutionary correlations were observed between the tracheid diameter and wall thickness of the petiole and between the water transport capacity of the petiole and stomatal density. Conversely, anatomical traits of roots (e.g., root diameter) showed no phylogenetic signals and were not significantly correlated with those of the pinnae and petioles, indicating a lack of structural coordination between the below‐ and above‐ground organs. Unlike angiosperms, vein density is unrelated to stomatal density or pinna thickness in ferns. As root diameter decreased, the cortex‐to‐stele diameter ratio decreased significantly (enhanced water absorption) in angiosperms but remained unchanged in ferns. These differences lead to different responses of ferns to climate change and improve our knowledge of the water adaptation strategies of ferns.
Poverty convergence clubs
Authors: Marrero Ángel S. , Marrero Gustavo A. , Servén Luis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobal eradication of extreme poverty requires absolute convergence of poverty rates worldwide towards zero. Empirical analysis of poverty data for 100 emerging and developing countries over four decades reveals that such a goal is likely to remain elusive. Rather than absolute convergence, we find club convergence: countries' long‐run poverty rates cluster into several distinct clubs, whose number depends on the specific poverty dimension considered. Only the lowest‐poverty club exhibits poverty rates approaching zero by the end of the sample. In contrast, the highest‐poverty club, which accounts for nearly half the world's poor, evokes a poverty trap: its average poverty barely budged over the entire period examined. Overall, income—its initial level and, especially, its growth rate—matters more than inequality for shaping countries' club membership, particularly for the highest‐poverty club. Nevertheless, inequality plays a substantive role for membership in the intermediate‐poverty clubs, which achieved the greatest poverty reduction.
Bone pattern changes in post liver transplant patients using bisphosphonates
Authors: Bueno Marcus Vinícius , Munhoz Luciana , Ortega Karem L. , Peres Maria Paula Siqueira de Melo , Franco Juliana Bertoldi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify radiographic findings suggestive of drug‐induced osteonecrosis and evaluate radiomorphometric patterns indicative of changes in bone mineral density in individuals transplanted for liver disorders using bisphosphonates.Study DesignThe study group included panoramic x‐rays of liver transplant patients who are being monitored and who present a clinical status of osteoporosis and use bisphosphonates. The control group was made up of liver transplant patients who did not have osteoporosis. On panoramic radiographs, mental index (MI) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) and the presence of radiographic anomalies suggestive of osteonecrosis were evaluated.ResultsThere were significant statistical results when comparing the groups in relation to the decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) with MCI‐C3 (p = 0.036), however, there were none in relation to MI (p = 0.14). There were no valid statistical results when relating MCI (p = 0.94) and MI (p = 0.66) with reduced BMD and use of bisphosphonates.ConclusionLiver transplant individuals using bisphosphonates present greater radiographic signs of bone sclerosis suggestive of a greater propensity to develop osteonecrosis of the jaw and an increased risk of presenting changes suggestive of reduced bone mineral density on panoramic radiographs when compared to liver transplant individuals not using bisphosphonates.
Influence of a 7‐day Transalpine Trail Run on cardiac biomarkers and myocardial function
Authors: Esefeld Katrin , Geisberger Marisa , Dinges Sophia Marie‐Theres , Hambrecht Johanna , Stegmüller Felix , Rasper Michael , Nadjiri Jonathan , Roeschenthaler Franz , Holdenrieder Stefan , Scharhag Jürgen , Halle Martin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntense physical exercise is known to increase cardiac biomarkers; however, it is unclear, whether this phenomenon is physiological, or if it indicates myocardial tissue injury. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of seven consecutive days of excessive endurance exercise on continuous assessment of cardiac biomarkers, function, and tissue injury. During a 7‐day trail‐running competition (Transalpine Run, distance 267.4 km, altitude ascent/descent 15556/14450 m), daily blood samples were obtained for cardiac biomarkers (hs‐TnT, NT‐proBNP, and suppression of tumorigenicity‐2 protein (ST2)) at baseline, after each stage and 24–48 h post‐race. In addition, echocardiography was performed every second day, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) before (n = 7) and after (n = 16) the race. Twelve (eight males) out of 17 healthy athletes finished all seven stages (average total finish time: 43 ± 8 h). Only NT‐proBNP increased significantly (3.6‐fold, p = 0.009) during the first stage and continued to increase during the race. Hs‐TnT revealed an incremental trend during the first day (2.7‐fold increase, p = 0.098) and remained within the pathological range throughout the race. ST2 levels did not change during the race. All cardiac biomarkers completely returned to physiological levels post‐race. NT‐proBNP kinetics correlated significantly with mild transient reductions in right ventricular function (assessed by TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic function; r = −0.716; p = 0.014). No significant echocardiographic changes in LV dimensions, LV function, or relevant alterations in CMR were observed post‐race. In summary, this study shows that prolonged, repetitive, high‐volume exercise induced a transient, significant increase in NT‐proBNP associated with right ventricular dysfunction without corresponding left ventricular functional or structural impairment.
Penetration rates into the stratum corneum layer: A novel quantitative indicator for assessing skin barrier function
Authors: Yoo Suji , Kim Jongwook , Jeong Eui Taek , Hwang Seung Jin , Kang Nae‐Gyu , Lee Jinyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin epidermis, acts as an effective bi‐directional barrier, preventing water loss (inside–outside barrier) and entry of foreign substances (outside–inside barrier). Although transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is a widely‐used measure of barrier function, it represents only inside‐outside protection. Therefore, we aimed to establish a non‐invasive method for quantitative evaluation of the outside–inside barrier function and visually present a skin barrier model.Materials and methodsSkin barrier damage was induced by applying a closed patch of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate to the forearms of eight participants; they were instructed to apply a barrier cream on a designated damaged area twice daily for 5 days. The SC barrier was evaluated by measuring TEWL and fluorescein sodium salt penetration rate before, immediately after, and 5 days after damage. The penetration rate was assessed using tape‐stripping (TS) technique and fluorescence microscopy.ResultsThe rates of fluorescein sodium salt penetration into the lower layers of SC differed significantly based on the degree of skin barrier damage. The correlation between penetration rate and TEWL was weak after two rounds of TS and became stronger after subsequent rounds. Five days after skin barrier damage, the penetration rate of all layers differed significantly between areas with and without the barrier cream application.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that the penetration rate was dependent on skin barrier conditions. The penetration rate and corresponding fluorescence images are suitable quantitative indicators that can visually represent skin barrier conditions.
The Dynamics of Inequality and Mobility: A Panel Data Analysis of the Spanish Income Tax
Authors: Martín‐Legendre Juan Ignacio , Castellanos‐García Pablo , Sánchez‐Santos José Manuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to analyze the evolution of income inequality and mobility in Spain during the period 1999–2011 by exploiting data from personal income tax returns.MethodsTo assess the evolution of inequality over the period analyzed, we have used some of the many metrics developed for this purpose, each of which offers a different approach depending on the segment of the income distribution they focus on (Gini coefficient, income shares, generalized entropy index, and the Atkinson class of measures).ResultsOur results suggest that, after a period of slightly declining income inequality, Spain experienced a rise in inequality in the years immediately preceding the Great Recession, before falling back to precrisis levels. With regard to income mobility, during this period, it was more common for individuals in the middle of the distribution to experience changes, while those at the top and bottom maintained a more stable position.ConclusionsThe economic boom of the late 1990s and early 2000s, as well as the Great Recession, had a significant impact on income inequality and mobility.
On greenhouse and icehouse climate regimes over the Phanerozoic
Authors: Vérard Christian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThroughout the Phanerozoic and more, the Earth has experienced cold and hot periods, which are typically associated with long‐lasting (hundreds of million years, Ma) greenhouse and icehouse climate regimes. Now, most published sea‐level curves report two main maxima in the Cretaceous and Ordovician superimposed on a multitude of short‐term fluctuations. The big humps are shown to be predominantly the results of the plate tectonic configuration, not icehouse and greenhouse regimes, suggesting that the small oscillations are related to continental ice variations. From this point of view, it can be inferred that polar ice caps are present almost all the time, and climate regime changes appear much more frequent and shorter than usually considered and are not well‐documented from glaciogenic deposits. Relying on short‐term oscillations, the volume of continental ice can be retrieved over the Phanerozoic.
Global status of chiropractic education research: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Johnson Claire D. , Green Bart N. , Arar Ilija , Holzinger Weston , Kolberg Carolina , Naidoo Sharné , Snow Gregory J. , Wong Yi Kai 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to map the volume and nature (topics, study designs, regions) of chiropractic education research relating to chiropractic learners and programs worldwide.

Introduction:
Education of the health workforce is critical to reach population health goals. Chiropractic educational programs are expanding globally; however, the state of chiropractic education research is not known. A better understanding of the volume and nature of chiropractic education research will inform education research priorities and development of chiropractic programs, and assist with preparing a stronger chiropractic workforce to address world health goals.

Inclusion criteria:
This scoping review will consider articles that study students, faculty, administration, staff, graduates, and programs in any chiropractic education setting, including graduate, clinical, postgraduate, and specialty training, in any country. Articles on non-educational topics or clinical research will be excluded.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI scoping review methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The databases to be searched include PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, and Educational Resources Information Center, from their inception. All languages will be considered. Two reviewers will independently screen records using predefined eligibility criteria and extract data using tables. Data extracted from eligible articles will include study design, participants, region, and topics. The results will be presented in a narrative summary, with data presented in tabular and diagrammatic formats.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/9b3ap
Nurses’ perceptions of reasons for missed nursing care in hospitals: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Ellehave Sara Mandahl , Voldbjerg Siri Lygum , Rasmussen Philippa , Laugesen Britt 
Published: March 2024

Objective:
The objective of this review is to identify and synthesize the best available evidence on nurses’ perceptions of the reasons for missed nursing care in hospitals.

Introduction:
Missed nursing care in hospitals is a complex and global problem affecting patients, nurses, and the health care system. An in-depth understanding of reasons for missed nursing care is essential to prevent it from happening in hospitals. Nurses’ perceptions of reasons for missed nursing care in hospitals are related to the care environment, such as staff levels, nurses’ workload, levels of experience and competencies, incomplete communication, and poor teamwork. The reasons are multifaceted, and there is a need to synthesize qualitative evidence on nurses’ perceptions of the reasons for missed nursing care in hospitals.

Inclusion criteria:
The phenomenon of interest is nurses’ perceptions of reasons for missed nursing care, which is defined as care that is either delayed or partially or entirely missed. Studies of nurses with any level of experience, training, or education will be eligible for inclusion. This systematic review will consider qualitative studies that include the perceptions of nurses working in hospital settings, either inpatient or outpatient settings.

Methods:
Following an initial search in PubMed, a full search strategy will be conducted in CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and GreyNet International. The JBI approach will inform study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and meta-aggregation. Confidence in the findings will be assessed in accordance with the ConQual approach.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023438198
A machine‐learning tool to identify bistable states from calcium imaging data
Authors: Varma Aalok , Udupa Sathvik , Sengupta Mohini , Ghosh Prasanta Kumar , Thirumalai Vatsala 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMapping neuronal activation using calcium imaging in vivo during behavioural tasks has advanced our understanding of nervous system function. In almost all of these studies, calcium imaging is used to infer spike probabilities because action potentials activate voltage‐gated calcium channels and increase intracellular calcium levels. However, neurons not only fire action potentials, but also convey information via intrinsic dynamics such as by generating bistable membrane potential states. Although a number of tools for spike inference have been developed and are currently being used, no tool exists for converting calcium imaging signals to maps of cellular state in bistable neurons. Purkinje neurons in the larval zebrafish cerebellum exhibit membrane potential bistability, firing either tonically or in bursts. Several studies have implicated the role of a population code in cerebellar function, with bistability adding an extra layer of complexity to this code. In the present study, we develop a tool, CaMLSort, which uses convolutional recurrent neural networks to classify calcium imaging traces as arising from either tonic or bursting cells. We validate this classifier using a number of different methods and find that it performs well on simulated event rasters as well as real biological data that it had not previously seen. Moreover, we find that CaMLsort generalizes to other bistable neurons, such as dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area of mice. Thus, this tool offers a new way of analysing calcium imaging data from bistable neurons to understand how they participate in network computation and natural behaviours.
imageKey points
Calcium imaging, compriising the gold standard of inferring neuronal activity, does not report cellular state in neurons that are bistable, such as Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum of larval zebrafish. We model the relationship between Purkinje neuron electrical activity and its corresponding calcium signal to compile a dataset of state‐labelled simulated calcium signals.
We apply machine‐learning methods to this dataset to develop a tool that can classify the state of a Purkinje neuron using only its calcium signal, which works well on real data even though it was trained only on simulated data.
CaMLsort (Calcium imaging and Machine Learning based tool to sort intracellular state) also generalizes well to bistable neurons in a different brain region (ventral tegmental area) in a different model organism (mouse).
This tool can facilitate our understanding of how these neurons carry out their functions in a circuit.
Interactive 3D Product Information Design in Virtual Reality Shopping Application
Authors: Chen Liuqing , Qin Kaitong , You Jiaxiang , Zhang Ting , Zhang Yumou , Zhou Tingting , Zhen Yankun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Current e-commerce companies are trying to create shopping applications in virtual reality (VR), because interactive 3D product information designs are believed to enrich the online shopping experience. However, existing designs of 3D product information have some shortcomings and lack of systematic guidance. Therefore, how to redesign the 3D product information in VR application is an essential challenge. In this work, we review and analyze previous design cases of 3D product information design and construct a design space, which contains three dimensions: visual presentation, user interaction, and spatial relation. Then nine new 3D information designs are produced by combining elements in the design space. After that, we investigate the users’ shopping experience and task efficiency based on the user evaluation results. The results indicate that, when adopting a specific spatial relation, both spatial memory and task efficiency are influenced by differences in the information formats of visual presentation dimension, while user experience is affected by differences in information presentation mode of visual presentation dimension. Finally, we provide suggestions and guidelines for future 3D information design.
A Physics-Based Model-Data-Driven Method for Spindle Health Diagnosis, Part I: Modeling of Geometric Faults
Authors: Tai Chung-Yu , Altintas Yusuf 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The spindle determines the performance of machine tools; hence, monitoring its health is essential to maintain machining productivity and avoid costly downtimes. The magnitudes and locations of wear and cracks in the bearing balls and races gradually develop which are difficult to detect. This article presents a physics-based digital model of the spindle with bearing faults, worn contact interface between the shaft and tool holder, and spindle imbalance. The wear of races and balls is considered in the bearing model. The worn taper contact interface and the spindle imbalance are included in the digital model. The spindle's dynamic model is used to simulate the vibrations at any location in the spindle assembly where sensors can be mounted for online monitoring. The wear type and bearing location are correlated with the frequency spectrum of vibrations at operating speeds. The proposed fault models are used to analyze the critical signal features and experimentally validated by the frequency extracted from a damaged spindle in Part II. The physics-based digital model is used to train data analytic models to detect spindle faults in Part III.