bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a Multilingual Perspective on Reading: Aligning Emergent Bilinguals' Resources with Theories of Reading and Implications for Instruction
Authors: Ascenzi‐Moreno Laura 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article puts forth a multilingual perspective on reading to counter the prevailing monolingualism that dominates reading instruction. First, it brings theories together to develop a cohesive understanding of teaching reading with emergent bilinguals at the center. Second, it illuminates ways educators can design reading instruction, which is responsive to and normalizes emergent bilinguals' resources. In taking up a multilingual perspective of reading, educators have a challenge and opportunity to engage in intellectual and practical work to ensure emergent bilinguals' strengths are at the center of reading instruction.
When Writers Lead the Lesson: Students as Teachers in Elementary Composing Spaces
Authors: Rowe Lindsey W. , Johnson Julie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to describe how teachers implemented student‐led minilessons in writing instruction. We use observations from two elementary classrooms to provide examples of student‐led instruction focused on digital and translingual composing. Through these examples, we outline three steps teachers can take to support student‐led composing instruction: (1) look for innovative student composing practices, (2) yield the floor to students, and (3) lend support as needed. We conclude by discussing how student‐led composing instruction positions children as experts and models in the classroom.
The need for recovery: An investigation into short‐term work‐related fatigue in veterinary nurses
Authors: Foxx Flora , Orpet Hilary 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundVeterinary nursing is physically and emotionally demanding, putting veterinary nurses at risk of acute work‐related fatigue (AWRF). Despite the increased recognition of chronic occupational syndromes such as burnout and compassion fatigue in recent years, few studies have investigated how AWRF impacts individuals and the profession.MethodsAn anonymous survey open to all UK‐based registered veterinary nurses (RVNs) was distributed via email and social media. The survey investigated work patterns, hobbies, opinions about work and intentions to leave the veterinary profession. An English translation of the need for recovery (NFR) scale was used to quantify the AWRF.ResultsThe median NFR score from 387 responses was 81.8, indicating high levels of AWRF. Long shifts, sole‐charge work and overtime were associated with higher scores, while having support at work and a better work–life balance were associated with lower scores. Higher scores were correlated with intentions to leave the profession.LimitationsAlthough validated as a measure of AWRF, the unidimensional NFR scale oversimplifies the complexities of fatigue. A limited number of RVNs responded to the survey, reducing statistical power.ConclusionAlthough there is no single solution to staff turnover, the results from this survey suggest that addressing AWRF may improve retention of RVNs.
Introduction to the special issue: Authoritarianism and religion in South Asia: Trends and twists
Authors: Mostofa Shafi Md. , Subedi DB , Brasted Howard 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReligious sentiments have become a potent tool for political elites, altering national identities and citizenship criteria. This manipulation, driven by majoritarian ideologies, has marginalized religious minorities, leading to discrimination, violence, and legal persecution against them. Hindu, Islamic, and Buddhist nationalisms seem to collectively erode secular democracy in South Asia. Moreover, right‐wing populist leaders, notably Modi in India and the Rajapaksas in Sri Lanka, have merged religious nationalism with authoritarian political orientations posing a challenge to democratic foundations and impacting significantly on the dynamics of state and societal relations. This is the context in which this World Affairs 2024 special issue delves into the relationship(s) between religion, politics, and authoritarianism in the South Asian region. It examines the evolving “religion‐politics” nexus or “complex” to explicate the relationship between religion and authoritarianism, particularly with respect to authoritarian governments mobilizing religion as a readily available resource for popular political mobilization, legitimization, and power consolidation. India's BJP employs Hindutva ideology to marginalize minorities, Bangladesh's regime uses Islam for political legitimacy, and Sri Lanka's Sinhala‐Buddhist nationalism fosters exclusionary policies. By fostering social and cultural polarization, this fusion of authoritarianism with religious nationalism poses a serious challenge to the secular state. The articles in this special issue explore these themes comprehensively, delving into the ideological foundations of political decisions and their consequences for marginalized communities. By shedding light on this multifaceted interplay, the collection offers valuable insights into South Asia's sociopolitical landscape, serving as a vital resource for scholars, policy makers, and global observers seeking to understand the region's complex dynamics.
Analytical analysis of water and engine oil base nanofluid flow with the influence of viscous dissipation and variable viscosity on stretching surface
Authors: Rehman Ali , Khun Ma Chau , Inc Mustafa , Ragoub Lakhdar , Rezapour Shahram , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we will look at the analytical characterization of water and motor oil‐based nanofluid flow and the effects of viscous dissipation and variable viscosity on stretching surfaces. The primary goal of this research is to improve heat transfer efficiency in a range of systems, including cooling applications, refrigeration systems, and heat exchangers. The addition of nanoparticles to the base fluid increases its thermal conductivity, which boosts heat transfer rates. The flow system considers the impact of viscous dissipation. In addition, this methodology accounts for temperature and velocity slips during stretching. We utilized the proper transformations to convert a set of PDEs to NLODEs. To solve this system of equations, we use hybrid nanofluid. The impact of different parameters obtained from temperature and velocity equations involving the porosity parameter, power law number, ratio velocity, dynamic viscosity, Forchheimer parameter, and Eckert number input factors are shown in the form of graphs.
Sozialprofil, Amtsführung und Problemlagen
Authors: Bogumil Jörg , Gehne David H. , Süß Louisa Anna 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden die Ergebnisse der Befragung der eBm dargestellt. Insgesamt erreichte der Fragebogen eine Rücklaufquote von 23 % (n = 1491), die sich je nach Bundesland jedoch deutlich unterscheidet (s. Tab. 1.2). Aufgrund der hohen Varianz der Rücklaufquote nach Bundesland wurde eine Gewichtung des Datensatzes vorgenommen, um die Über- bzw. Unterrepräsentation einzelner Bundesländer auszugleichen. Im Folgenden werden folgende Bereiche der Befragung vorgestellt: das Sozialprofil, politische Profil der eBm, die kommunalpolitischen Rahmenbedingungen, die Amtsführung, die Motivation und die Bedeutung von Parteien und Wählervereinigungen sowie Erfahrungen mit Anfeindungen im Amt.
Exploring Seiberg-like N-alities with eight supercharges
Authors: Dey Anindya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that a large subclass of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 quiver gauge theories consisting of unitary and special unitary gauge nodes with only fundamental/bifundamental matter have multiple Seiberg-like IR duals. A generic quiver $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
in this subclass has a non-zero number of balanced special unitary gauge nodes and it is a good theory in the Gaiotto-Witten sense. We refer to this phenomenon as IR N-ality and the set of mutually IR dual theories as the N-al set associated with the quiver $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
. Starting from $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
, we construct a sequence of dualities by step-wise implementing a set of quiver mutations which act locally on the gauge nodes. The associated N-al theories can then be read off from this duality sequence. The quiver $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
generically has an emergent Coulomb branch global symmetry in the IR, such that the rank of the IR symmetry is always greater than the rank visible in the UV. We show that there exists at least one theory in the N-al set for which the rank of the IR symmetry precisely matches the rank of the UV symmetry. In certain special cases that we discuss in this work, the correct emergent symmetry algebra itself may be read off from this preferred theory (or theories) in addition to the correct rank. Finally, we give a recipe for constructing the 3d mirror associated with a given N-al set and show how the emergent Coulomb branch symmetry of $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
is realized as a UV-manifest Higgs branch symmetry of the 3d mirror. This paper is the second in a series of four papers on 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Seiberg-like dualities, preceded by the work [1].
Euclidean wormholes for individual 2d CFTs
Authors: Chandra Jeevan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We interpret appropriate families of Euclidean wormhole solutions of AdS3 gravity in individual 2d CFTs as replica wormholes described by branching around the time-symmetric apparent horizons of black holes sourced by the backreaction of heavy point particles. These wormholes help describe a rich formalism to coarse grain pure states in 2d CFTs dual to the black hole geometries because the wormhole amplitudes match with the Renyi entropies of CFT states obtained by decohering the pure states in a specific way. This formalism can be generalised to coarse grain pure states in several copies of the CFT dual to multi-boundary black holes using wormhole solutions with higher genus boundaries using which we illustrate that coarse graining away the interior of multi-boundary black holes sets the mutual information between any two copies of the dual CFT to zero. Furthermore, this formalism of coarse graining pure states can be extended to decohere transition matrices between pure states which helps interpret more general families of wormhole solutions including those with non replica-symmetric boundary conditions in individual CFTs. The pseudo entropy of the decohered transition matrices has interesting holographic interpretation in terms of the area of minimal surfaces on appropriate black hole or wormhole geometries. The wormhole solutions which show up in the coarse graining formalism also compute the Renyi entropies of Hawking radiation after the Page time in a setup which generalizes the West Coast model to 3d gravity. Using this setup, we discuss the evaporation of one-sided black holes sourced by massive point particles and multi-boundary black holes in 3d gravity.
Boosted rotating dyonic strings in Salam-Sezgin model
Authors: Ma Liang , Pang Yi , Lü H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that the bosonic sector of the N = (1, 0), 6D Salam-Sezgin gauged supergravity model possesses a T-duality symmetry upon a circle reduction to D = 5. We then construct a simple magnetic rotating string solution with two equal angular momenta. Applying the T-duality transformation to this solution, we obtain the general boosted rotating dyonic black string solutions whose global structures and thermodynamic quantities are also analyzed. Owing to the fact that the solutions are not asymptotically flat, we find that there are two distinct globally-different non-extremal solutions with two different sets of thermal dynamic variables, with both satisfying the thermodynamic first law and the corresponding Small relations. However, their BPS limit becomes the same and we show that it preserves one quarter of supersymmetry by directly solving the corresponding Killing spinor equations.
Four-dimensional $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 2 superconformal long circular quivers
Authors: Beccaria M. , Korchemsky G.P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study four-dimensional $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 2 superconformal circular, cyclic symmetric quiver theories which are planar equivalent to $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 4 super Yang-Mills. We use localization to compute nonplanar corrections to the free energy and the circular half-BPS Wilson loop in these theories for an arbitrary number of nodes, and examine their behaviour in the limit of long quivers. Exploiting the relationship between the localization quiver matrix integrals and an integrable Bessel operator, we find a closed-form expression for the leading nonplanar correction to both observables in the limit when the number of nodes and ’t Hooft coupling become large. We demonstrate that it has different asymptotic behaviour depending on how the two parameters are compared, and interpret this behaviour in terms of properties of a lattice model defined on the quiver diagram.
Mitral annular disjunction in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients—a retrospective cardiac MRI study
Authors: Troger Felix , Klug Gert , Poskaite Paulina , Tiller Christina , Lechner Ivan , Reindl Martin , Holzknecht Magdalena , Fink Priscilla , Brunnauer Eva-Maria , Gizewski Elke R. , Metzler Bernhard , Reinstadler Sebastian , Mayr Agnes 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mitral annular disjunction (MAD), defined as defective attachment of the mitral annulus to the ventricular myocardium, has recently been linked to malignant arrhythmias. However, its role and prognostic significance in patients requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remain unknown. This retrospective analysis aimed to describe the prevalence and significance of MAD by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods
Eighty-six patients with OHCA and a CMR scan 5 days after CPR (interquartile range (IQR): 49 days before – 9 days after) were included. MAD was defined as disjunction-extent ≥ 1 mm in CMR long-axis cine-images. Medical records were screened for laboratory parameters, comorbidities, and a history of arrhythmia.

Results
In 34 patients (40%), no underlying cause for OHCA was found during hospitalization despite profound diagnostics. Unknown-cause OHCA patients showed a higher prevalence of MAD compared to definite-cause patients (56% vs. 10%, p < 0.001) and had a MAD-extent of 6.3 mm (IQR: 4.4–10.3); moreover, these patients were significantly younger (43 years vs. 61 years, p < 0.001), more often female (74% vs. 21%, p < 0.001) and had fewer comorbidities (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, coronary artery disease, all p < 0.005). By logistic regression analysis, the presence of MAD remained significantly associated with OHCA of unknown cause (odds ratio: 8.49, 95% confidence interval: 2.37–30.41, p = 0.001) after adjustment for age, presence of hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.

Conclusions
MAD is rather common in OHCA patients without definitive aetiology undergoing CMR. The presence of MAD was independently associated to OHCA without an identifiable trigger. Further research is needed to understand the exact role of MAD in OHCA patients.

Graphical Abstract

Study synopsis - MAD occurs frequently in unknown-cause OHCA and represents an independent marker after adjustment for age, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. (Illustration created with biorender.com). MAD mitral annular disjunction, OHCA out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Comparative analysis of metacyclogenesis and infection curves in different discrete typing units of Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Cáceres Tatiana M. , Cruz-Saavedra Lissa , Patiño Luz Helena , Ramírez Juan David 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChagas disease (CD), caused by the complex life cycle parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a global health concern and impacts millions globally. T. cruzi’s genetic variability is categorized into discrete typing units (DTUs). Despite their widespread presence in the Americas, a comprehensive understanding of their impact on CD is lacking. This study aims to analyze life cycle traits across life cycle stages, unraveling DTU dynamics. Metacyclogenesis curves were generated, inducing nutritional stress in epimastigotes of five DTUs (TcI (MG), TcI (DA), TcII(Y), TcIII, TcIV, and TcVI), resulting in metacyclic trypomastigotes. Infection dynamics in Vero cells from various DTUs were evaluated, exploring factors like amastigotes per cell, cell-derived trypomastigotes, and infection percentage. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA tests, identified significant differences. Varying onset times for metacyclogenesis converged on the 7th day. TcI (MG) exhibited the highest metacyclogenesis potential. TcI (DA) stood out, infecting 80% of cells within 24 h. TcI demonstrated the highest potential in both metacyclogenesis and infection among the strains assessed. Intra-DTU diversity was evident among TcI strains, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of Trypanosoma cruzi dynamics and genetic diversity.
Tracking magma pathways and surface faulting in the Southwest Rift Zone and the Koaʻe fault system (Kīlauea volcano, Hawai ‘i) using photogrammetry and structural observations
Authors: Mannini Stefano , Ruch Joël , Hazlett Richard W. , Downs Drew T. , Parcheta Carolyn E. , Lundblad Steven P. , Anderson James L. , Perroy Ryan , Oestreicher Nicolas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVolcanic islands are often subject to flank instability, resulting from a combination of magmatic intrusions along rift zones and gravitational spreading causing extensional faulting at the surface. Here, we study the Koaʻe fault system (KFS), located south of the summit caldera of Kīlauea volcano in Hawaiʻi, one of the most active volcanoes on Earth, prone to active faulting, episodic dike intrusions, and flank instability. Two rift zones and the KFS are major structures controlling volcanic flank instability and magma propagation. Although several magmatic intrusions occurred over the KFS, the link between these faults, two nearby rift zones and the flank instability, is still poorly studied. To better characterize the KFS and its structural linkage with the surrounding fault and rift zones, we performed a detailed structural analysis of the extensional fault system, coupled with a helicopter photogrammetric survey, covering part of the south flank of Kīlauea. We generated a high-resolution DEM (~ 8 cm) and orthomosaic (~ 4 cm) to map the fracture field in detail. We also collected ~ 1000 ground structural measurements of extensional fractures during our three field missions (2019, 2022, and 2023). We observed many small, interconnected grabens, monoclines, rollover structures, and en-echelon fractures that were in part previously undocumented. We estimate the cumulative displacement rate across the KFS during the last 600 ~ 700 years and found a decrease toward the west of the horizontal component from 2 to 6 cm per year, consistent with GNSS data. Integrating morphology observations, fault mapping, and kinematic measurements, we propose a new kinematic model of the upper part of the Kīlauea’s south flank, suggesting a clockwise rotation and a translation of a triangular wedge. This wedge is bordered by the extensional structures (ERZ, SWRZ, and the KFS), largely influenced by gravitational spreading. These findings illustrate a structural linkage between the two rift zones and the KFS, the latter being episodically affected by dike intrusions.
Evidence of heat sensitivity in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Hunt Andrew P. , Pagnussat Aline Souza , Lehn Alexander , Moore Daniel , Schweitzer Daniel , Laakso E-Liisa , Hennig Ewald , Morris Meg E. , Kerr Graham , Stewart Ian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExamining how heat affects people with Parkinson’s disease is essential for informing clinical decision-making, safety, well-being, and healthcare planning. While there is evidence that the neuropathology associated with Parkinson’s disease affects thermoregulatory mechanisms, little attention has been given to the association of heat sensitivity to worsening symptoms and restricted daily activities in people with this progressive disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, we examined the experiences of people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease in the heat. Two-hundred and forty-seven people completed an online survey (age: 66.0 ± 9.2 years; sex: male = 102 (41.3%), female = 145 (58.7%)), of which 195 (78.9%) reported becoming more sensitive to heat with Parkinson’s disease. Motor and nonmotor symptoms worsened with heat in 182 (73.7%) and 203 (82.2%) respondents, respectively. The most commonly reported symptoms to worsen included walking difficulties, balance impairment, stiffness, tremor, fatigue, sleep disturbances, excess sweating, difficulty concentrating, and light-headedness when standing. Concerningly, over half indicated an inability to work effectively in the heat, and nearly half reported that heat impacted their ability to perform household tasks and social activities. Overall, heat sensitivity was common in people with Parkinson’s disease and had a significant impact on symptomology, day-to-day activities and quality of life.
Physical health-related quality of life trajectories over two years following breast cancer diagnosis in older women: a secondary analysis
Authors: Wong Shan S. , Levine Beverly J. , Van Zee Kimberly J. , Naftalis Elizabeth Z. , Avis Nancy E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To identify distinct trajectories of physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older women over the first two years following breast cancer diagnosis, and to examine characteristics associated with trajectory group membership.

Methods
A secondary analysis of a longitudinal study of women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer who completed surveys within eight months of diagnosis and six, twelve, and eighteen months later that focuses on a subset of women aged ≥ 65 years (N = 145).Physical HRQoL was assessed using the Physical Component Score (PCS) of the SF-36 Health Survey. Finite mixture modeling identified distinct PCS trajectories. Multivariable logistic regression identified variables predictive of low PCS group membership.

Results
Two distinct patterns of PCS trajectories were identified. The majority (58%) of women had PCS above the age-based SF-36 population norms and improved slightly over time. However, 42% of women had low PCS that remained low over time. In multivariable analyses, older age, difficulty paying for basics, greater number of medical comorbidities, and higher body mass index were associated with low PCS group membership. Cancer treatment and psychosocial variables were not significantly associated.

Conclusion
A large subgroup of older women reported very low PCS that did not improve over time. Older age, obesity, multiple comorbidities, and lower socioeconomic status may be risk factors for poorer PCS in women with breast cancer. Incorporating routine comprehensive geriatric assessments that screen for these factors may help providers identify older women at risk for poorer physical HRQoL post breast cancer treatment.
Towards Routine 7Li In Situ Solid-State NMR Studies of Electrochemical Processes in Li|LiPF6|LFP Cells
Authors: Šić Edina , Fredericks Dominion , Pecher Oliver , Wegner Sebastian , Breitzke Hergen , Singh Vickram , Buntkowsky Gerd , Gutmann Torsten 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, electrochemical processes in a Li|LiPF6|LFP cell have been explored applying advanced solid-state NMR technologies. In situ solid-state NMR allows to monitor structural changes in local environments in commercially available cell components during galvanostatic cycling. In collaboration with Dragonfly Energy, ePROBE GmbH and Bruker BioSpin GmbH & Co. KG, we have demonstrated an experimental procedure for routine application of in situ solid-state NMR for battery research. This points out the high potential of this approach for use in the energy storage industry.