bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1H NMR of (α-Substituted benzyl-t-butyl)hydroxylamines and EPR of Their Oxidized Forms
Authors: Migita Gatherina T , Nakayama Masaharu , Takeuchi Makoto , Ogura Kotaro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
1H NMR study of several (benzyl-t-butyl)hydroxylamine derivatives (BBHA) was performed, which were obtained through the addition of Grignard agents to α-phenyl-N-t-butylnitrone (PEN) or the reduction of PEN. Concomitantly, EPR of their oxidized forms (nitroxide radicals, BEN) was measured. It was proved that the joint application of 1H NMR and EPR provides decisive evidences to assign the α-substituents.
Isomerization of Atropisomeric Triptycene Derivatives in Solid States
Authors: Yamamoto Gaku 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The sc*(9S*) rotamers of 8-bromo- and 8-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-9-(2-methylbenzyl)triptycenes irreversibly isomerize to the corresponding ap rotamers in solid states at the temperature range of 170 to 200 °C.
A New Synthesis of Neopentyl 2,4,6-Tri-t-butylphenyl Ether and Related Hindered Ethers
Authors: Masada Hiromitsu , Tajima Katsuhiko , Taniguchi Koichi , Yamamoto Tomoya 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The SN reactions of neopentyl, (1-adamantyl)methyl, and related substrates with potassium 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenoxide gave the corresponding highly hindered ethers in moderate yields. They were neopentyl and (1-adamantyl)methyl 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl ethers, and 1,3-bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpropane. The kinetics for these reactions suggest the SN2 mechanism.
Double-Helix Melting of Octamers of Deoxyriboadenylic and Deoxyribothymidylic Acids in the Presence of Ethidium
Authors: Sugimoto Naoki , Tanaka Atsushi , Shintani Yuki , Sasaki Muneo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The effect of ethidium (ED) on the double-helix melting of octamers of deoxyriboadenylic and deoxyribothymidylic acids (dA8 and dT8) in a phosphate buffer containing 1 mol dm−3 NaCl has been studied quantitatively. The results indicate that the enthalpy and entropy changes for the dA8·dT8 melting in the presence of ED are much larger than those in the absence of the drug; that is, ED increases the stability of the duplex.
Monolayers and LB Films of Highly Polarizable Oligo(phenylenevinylene) Derivatives
Authors: Watakabe Atsushi , Kunitake Toyoki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Highly polarizable oligo(phenylenevinylene) amphiphiles were synthesized, and their monolayer properties were examined. The corresponding Langmuir–Blodgett films gave optical second harmonic generation.
FT-IR Studies on the Aggregation of Bacteriochlorophyll c from Chlorobium limicola
Authors: Uehara Kaku , Ozaki Yukihiro , Okada Kouichi , Olson John M 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Aggregates of three homologs of bacteriochlorophyll c from Chlorobium limicola in water-saturated carbon tetrachloride and in solid films were studied by means of FT-IR. Four keto-carbonyl stretching peaks were observed at 1703, 1682-4, 1649-51, and 1641-3 cm−1 corresponding to free C=O (monomer), free C=O (dimer, tetramer), coordinated C=O (dimer, tetramer), and coordinated C=O (polymer), respectively.
Reactions of Metal Ions (M+) with Chromium Hexacarbonyl as Studied by Laser Ablation-Molecular Beam Method. Distinct Difference between the First and Second Series of Transition Metals Revealed in the Distribution of Product Ions [MCr(CO)n]+ (n = 0–6)
Authors: Oka Tadashi , Kasatani Kazuo , Shinohara Hisanori , Sato Hiroyasu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The distribution of product ions in the title reactions was studied for 24 metals. The most abundant ions were those with n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 4, 3, and 3 for M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni. Those in the second series of transition metals were dominated by n = 3 (or 3 and 4). Such a difference among metals was qualitatively interpreted in terms of strengths of M+–Cr bonds.
Formation of Porphyrin Domain Arrays at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Yoneyama Mitsuru , Fujii Akiteru , Maeda Shuichi , Murayama Tetsuo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Mixed monolayers of 5-(4-N-decylpyridinium)-10,15,20-tri-p-tolyl porphyrin (PyP) and arachidic acid were prepared, and their film textures were studied by fluorescence microscopy. PyP forms domain arrays by compression and expansion of the monolayer on pure water at neutral pH and at temperatures &gt; 24 °C
Oxovanadium(IV) Complex Catalyzed Oxygenation of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxamide into 2,3-Epoxycarboxamide with Molecular Oxygen and an Aldehyde
Authors: Inoki Satoshi , Takai Toshihiro , Yamada Tohru , Mukaiyama Teruaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In the presence of a catalytic amount of bis(1,3-diketonato)oxovanadium(IV) complex, epoxidation of α,β-unsaturated carboxamides with molecular oxygen and an aldehyde proceeds smoothly at room temperature to give the corresponding 2,3-epoxycarboxamides in good yields.
Solid State Effect on the Phosphorescence Spectrum of a Tris(3,3′-biisoquinoline)ruthenium(II) Salt
Authors: Kato Masako , Sasano Kumiko , Kimura Masaru , Yamauchi Seigo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A broad and red-shifted emission spectrum was observed in the neat crystal of [Ru(i-biq)3](PF6)2 (i-biq = 3,3′-biisoquinoline) in contrast to a sharp 3ππ*-type emission spectrum in a dilute glassy solution. On the basis of the analyses of the concentration dependence of the emission spectrum and the X-ray crystal structure, the characteristic emission of the crystal was attributed to π-π interactions between the i-biq ligands of the adjacent complexes.
Removal of α-Hydroxy Group of Acyloins and Their Derivatives with Vanadium(II)-THF Complex
Authors: Inokuchi Tsutomu , Kawafuchi Hiroyuki , Torii Sigeru 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
α-Hydroxy ketones (acyloins) and their acetate or mesylate derivatives were reduced to the corresponding ketones in good yields by treatment with [V2Cl3(THF)6]2[Zn2Cl6] complex prepared in situ from VCl3(THF)3 and zinc.
Substitution Effect of Framework Constituents on Electrical Property of Solid Electrolytes with β -Fe2(SO4)3-Type Structure, M1+xZr2P3−xSixO12 (M = Li, 1/2Mg, and 1/2Zn)
Authors: Nomura Katsuhiro , Ikeda Shoichiro , Ito Kaname , Einaga Hisahiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
An enhancement of electric conductivity was observed by substitution of Si4+ for P5+ in LiZr2(PO4)3, MgZr4(PO4)6, and ZnZr4(PO4)6 solid electrolytes with a β-Fe2(SO4)3-type structure. An increase in the concentration of interstitial Li+ ion resulted in the conductivity enhancement for the Li compound, whereas an increase in the compactness of sintered specimen for the Mg and Zn compounds.
New Molecular Superconductor, [Me2Et2N][Pd(dmit)2]2
Authors: Kobayashi Hayao , Bun Kozo , Naito Toshio , Kato Reizo , Kobayashi Akiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
[Me2Et2N][Pd(dmit)2]2 is a new molecular superconductor with Tc = 4 K at 2.4 kbar. It is of interest that the insulating phase emerges when superconducting state is suppressed at high pressure. The crystal belongs to triclinic system and has the dimeric columns of Pd(dmit)2.
Structure-activity Relationship of Glycinoeclepin A
Authors: Murai Akio , Ohkita Masakazu , Honma Teruki , Hoshi Kazuhiro , Tanimoto Norihiko , Araki Satoko , Fukuzawa Akio 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In a course of studies on glycinoeclepin A, which is a natural hatching stimulus for the soybean cyst nematode isolated from the roots of kidney bean, the relationship of the structure and activity has been investigated with use of various synthetic compounds.
Direct Voltammetric Behavior of Rs. rubrum Cytochrome c′ at a 2-Mercaptosuccinate-modified Gold Electrode
Authors: Erabi Tatsuo , Ozawa Shinichiro , Hayase Shuichi , Wada Masanori 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The direct electrochemical redox behavior of cytochrome c′ was first observed at a surface-modified gold electrode by 2-mercaptosuccinate. Cytochrome c′ showed quasi-reversible redox responses at the electrode, and the heterogeneous rate constant for the redox reaction was estimated to be the order of 10−4 cm/s.
Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide with Propene over Cu-Silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) under Oxidizing Atmosphere
Authors: Ishihara Tatsumi , Kagawa Masaru , Mizuhara Yukako , Takita Yusaku 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Catalytic activity of Cu-ion exchanged SAPO for NO reduction with C3H6 under oxidizing atmosphere was studied. Cu-SAPO-34 exhibits higher activity for NO reduction than Cu-ZSM-5, and the high catalytic activity of Cu-SAPO-34 was sustained up to 600 °C. Furthermore, heat resistance of Cu-SAPO-34 is superior to Cu-ZSM-5.
Observation of Photopyroelectric Signal in X-Ray Region
Authors: Hinoue Teruo , Nishiyama Masayoshi , Masujima Tsutomu , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Yokoyama Yu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Photopyroelectric (PPE) signal induced by X-ray absorption in a copper foil could be observed by using a thin ferroelectric polyvinylidene difluoride film with aluminium electrodes. An EXAFS was found in each PPE signal intensity and phase spectrum.
Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Catalyzed by Alumina-Supported Ruthenium Carbonyl-Alkali Metal Hydroxide Systems
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Nomura Masatoshi , Kabe Toshiaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Catalyst derived from alumina-supported ruthenium carbonyl-alkali metal hydroxide systems remarkably increased the catalytic activity in hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene compared with an alumina-supported ruthenium carbonyl, ruthenium acetylacetonate or ruthenium chloride system to give biphenyl selectively.
First Isolable tert-Alkyl Phenyl Selones
Authors: Ishii Akihiko , Ding Meng-Xin , Nakayama Juzo , Hoshino Masamatsu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of the dihydrazone of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1,7-diphenyl-1,7-dione with Se2Cl2 in refluxing benzene in the presence of tributylamine gave the corresponding 1-oxo-7-selone and 1,7-diselone derivatives in 14 and 33% yields, respectively, while similar reaction of the dihydrazone of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,6-diphenyl-1,6-dione gave bicyclic 1,3-diselenetane (25%), 1,2,4-triselenolane (20%), and cyclohexene (12%) derivatives by intramolecular cyclizations.
Effect of Substrate Morphology on the Crystallization of Leucine on Gold Surface Modified with a Self-assembled Monolayer
Authors: Osaka Tetsuya , Matsunaga Mariko , Nakanishi Takuya , Asahi Toru , Banno Naoki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The effect of the surface morphology of gold-deposited quartz substrate on the enantioselective crystallization of leucine was investigated by using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and X-ray diffraction methods. The gold substrate was modified with a self-assembled monolayer with covalently attached d-leucine molecules. For a rough surface with root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of 17 nm, the QCM measurement showed a continuous decrease in frequency, while for a smooth surface with RMS roughness of 2 nm, essentially no change in frequency was observed. Nevertheless, leucine crystals with high crystallinity were clearly formed on the smooth surface.
A Novel Octanuclear Manganese Cluster with [MnII4(μ4-O)] Core
Authors: Shiga Takuya , Han Lingqin , Nihei Masayuki , Hoshino Norihisa , Ito Tasuku , Oshio Hiroki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The reaction of MnCl2·4H2O with 2-aminoethanethiol (= Haet) under anaerobic conditions afforded yellow plate crystals of octanuclear manganese complex [Mn4(μ4-O){Mn(aet)3}4]Cl2·MeOH·4H2O. A complex molecule consists of four fac(S)-[Mn(aet)3] units linked to MnII4(μ4-O) core by thiolato bridges. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions through μ4-oxo and μ2-thiolato bridges.
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Consisting of CuI-containing Gels
Authors: Kado Takashi , Soeda Kuniko , Negoro Kenji , Hayase Shuzi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
CuI-containing gels for dye-sensitized solar cells are reported. CuI-containing gels consist of CuI, methylpropylimidazolium iodide, iodine, and gelators consisting of polyvinylpyridine and tetra(iodomethyl)benzene. The efficiency increases with an increase in the amount of iodine molecules in the presence of methylpropylimidazolium iodide, which is different from the previous reports in the absence of methylpropylimidazolium iodide. Solidification of the sticky CuI layers is carried out by cross-linking reaction of gelators without decreasing the photovoltaic performances.
Enhancement of Activity of Ir Catalysts for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by CO
Authors: Nanba Tetsuya , Shinohara Satoru , Uchisawa Junko , Masukawa Shouichi , Ohi Akihiko , Obuchi Akira 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The activity of Ir catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen monoxide by carbon monoxide was drastically enhanced by combining iridium and tungsten oxide on a silica support.
Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid to Hydrogen over Fe–Co Catalyst
Authors: Hu Xun , Lu Gongxuan 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The steam reforming of acetic acid to hydrogen was investigated over Fe–Co catalyst. The influence of temperature, liquid hourly space velocity, and molar ratio of steam-to-carbon were studied in detail. At 400 °C, acetic acid was converted completely. The selectivities of H2 and CO2 reached maximum values 95.3 and 92.9%, respectively.
Importance of Solvent Polarity in the Equilibrium Reaction of Leuco Dye and Developer
Authors: Sekiguchi Yumiko , Takayama Satoshi , Gotanda Takeshi , Sano Kenji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The absorbance of the leuco dye and developer solution system showed a maximum by the change of solvent polarity, and a clear correlation between the ratio of coloring species at the maximum and the dielectric constant of polar solvents has been revealed. These results suggest that the polar solvent plays an important role to change the condition of the surroundings, which is an important factor in controlling the equilibrium reaction of a leuco dye and a developer.
A Simple Iodine-promoted Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles by Condensation of Aldehydes with 2-Aminothiophenol
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Yu-Lu , Wang Jin-Ye 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Iodine is used to promote the condensation of 2-aminothiophenol with aldehydes in DMF, which affords corresponding 2-substituted benzothiazoles efficiently. Mild and manipulable procedure, use of available and less toxic oxidant, and shorter reaction times are the advantageous features of this method.
Pathology of the torn rotator cuff tendon
Authors: Matthews T. J. W. , Hand G. C. , Rees J. L. , Athanasou N. A. , Carr A. J. 
Published: March 2006

We have studied cellular and vascular changes in different stages of full thickness tears of the rotator cuff. We examined biopsies from the supraspinatus tendon in 40 patients with chronic rotator cuff tears who were undergoing surgery and compared them with biopsies from four uninjured subscapularis tendons. Morphological and immunocytochemical methods using monoclonal antibodies directed against leucocytes, macrophages, mast cells, proliferative and vascular markers were used. Histological changes indicative of repair and inflammation were most evident in small sized rotator cuff tears with increased fibroblast cellularity and intimal hyperplasia, together with increased expression of leucocyte and vascular markers. These reparative and inflammatory changes diminished as the size of the rotator cuff tear increased. Marked oedema and degeneration was seen in large and massive tears, which more often showed chondroid metaplasia and amyloid deposition. There was no association between the age of the patient and the duration of symptoms. In contrast, large and massive tears showed no increase in the number of inflammatory cells and blood vessels. Small sized rotator cuff tears retained the greatest potential to heal, showing increased fibroblast cellularity, blood vessel proliferation and the presence of a significant inflammatory component. Tissue from large and massive tears is of such a degenerative nature that it may be a significant cause of re-rupture after surgical repair and could make healing improbable in this group.
The influence of facet tropism on herniation of the lumbar disc in adolescents and adults
Authors: Lee D. Y. , Ahn Y. , Lee S.-H. 
Published: March 2006

We carried out a study to determine the effect of facet tropism on the development of adolescent and adult herniation of the lumbar disc. We assessed 149 levels in 140 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years and 119 levels in 111 adults aged between 40 and 49 years with herniation. The facet tropism of each patient was measured at the level of the herniated disc by CT. There was no significant difference in facet tropism between the herniated and the normal discs in both the adolescent and adult groups, except at the L4-L5 level in the adults. Facet tropism did not influence the development of herniation of the lumbar disc in either adolescents or adults.
Decrease in anterior knee laxity by electrical stimulation of normal and reconstructed anterior cruciate ligaments
Authors: Iwasa J. , Ochi M. , Uchio Y. , Adachi N. , Kawasaki K. 
Published: March 2006

We have investigated the changes in anterior laxity of the knee in response to direct electrical stimulation of eight normal and 45 reconstructed anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs). In the latter, the mean time from reconstruction was 26.7 months (24 to 32). The ACL was stimulated electrically using a bipolar electrode probe during arthroscopy. Anterior laxity was examined with the knee flexed at 20° under a force of 134 N applied anteriorly to the tibia using the KT-2000 knee arthrometer before, during and after electrical stimulation. Anterior tibial translation in eight normal and 17 ACL-reconstructed knees was significantly decreased during stimulation, compared with that before stimulation. In 28 knees with reconstruction of the ACL, in 22 of which the grafts were found to have detectable somatosensory evoked potentials during stimulation, anterior tibial translation was not decreased. These findings suggest that the ACL-hamstring reflex arc in normal knees may contribute to the functional stability and that this may not be fully restored after some reconstructions of the ACL.
Treatment of anterior fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus by open reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Robinson C. M. , Khan L. A. K. , Akhtar M. A. 
Published: March 2006

Over a seven-year period we treated a consecutive series of 58 patients, 20 men and 38 women with a mean age of 66 years (21 to 87) who had an acute complex anterior fracture-dislocation of the proximal humerus. Two patterns of injury are proposed for study based upon a prospective assessment of the pattern of soft-tissue and bony injury and the degree of devascularisation of the humeral head. In 23 patients, the head had retained capsular attachments and arterial back-bleeding (type-I injury), whereas in 35 patients the head was devoid of significant soft-tissue attachments with no active arterial bleeding (type-II injury). Following treatment by open reduction and internal fixation, only two of 23 patients with type-I injuries developed radiological evidence of osteonecrosis of the humeral head, compared with four of seven patients with type-II injuries. A policy of primary treatment by open reduction and internal fixation of type-I injuries is justified, whereas most elderly patients (aged 60 years or over) with type-II injuries are best treated by hemiarthroplasty. The best treatment for younger patients (aged under 60 years) who sustain type-II injuries is controversial and an individualised approach to their management is advocated.
Differences in ion release after ceramic-on-ceramic and metal-on-metal total hip replacement
Authors: Savarino L. , Greco M. , Cenni E. , Cavasinni L. , Rotini R. , Baldini N. , Giunti A. 
Published: March 2006

Modern metal-on-metal bearings produce less wear debris and osteolysis, but have the potential adverse effect of release of ions. Improved ceramic-on-ceramic bearings have the lowest wear of all, but the corrosion process has not been analysed. Our aim was to measure the serum ion release (ng/ml) in 23 patients having stable hip prostheses with a ceramic-on-ceramic coupling (group A) and to compare it with the release in 42 patients with a metal-on-metal bearing (group B) in the medium term. Reference values were obtained from a population of 47 healthy subjects (group C). The concentrations of chromium, cobalt, aluminium and titanium were measured. There was a significant increase of cobalt, chromium and aluminium levels (p < 0.05) in group B compared with groups A and C. Group A did not differ significantly from the control group. Despite the apparent advantage of a metal-on-metal coupling, especially in younger patients with a long life expectancy, a major concern arises regarding the extent and duration of ion exposure. For this reason, the low corrosion level in a ceramic-on-ceramic coupling could be advantageous.
Treatment of local recurrences of giant cell tumour in long bones after curettage and cementing
Authors: von Steyern F. Vult , Bauer H. C. F. , Trovik C. , Kivioja A. , Bergh P. , Jörgensen P. Holmberg , Foller̊s G. , Rydholm A. 
Published: March 2006

We retrospectively studied local recurrence of giant cell tumour in long bones following treatment with curettage and cementing in 137 patients. The median follow-up time was 60 months (3 to 166). A total of 19 patients (14%) had at least one local recurrence, the first was diagnosed at a median of 17 months (3 to 29) after treatment of the primary tumour. There were 13 patients with a total of 15 local recurrences who were successfully treated by further curettage and cementing. Two patients with a second local recurrence were consequently treated twice. At the last follow-up, at a median of 53 months (3 to 128) after the most recent operation, all patients were free from disease and had good function. We concluded that local recurrence of giant cell tumour after curettage and cementing in long bones can generally be successfully treated with further curettage and cementing, with only a minor risk of increased morbidity. This suggests that more extensive surgery for the primary tumour in an attempt to obtain wide margins is not the method of choice, since it leaves the patient with higher morbidity with no significant gain with respect to cure of the disease.
The 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: Validation of factor solutions using confirmatory factor analysis on physiotherapy out‐patients
Authors: Swift Louise , Stephenson Richard , Royce Janet 
Published: March 2006

Objective. Whilst the 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20) was developed to measure three intercorrelated dimensions, there is some debate as to whether the scale is best served by a two‐ or three‐factor construct. In particular, there is some doubt as to whether clinical data exhibit the third factor. This study uses data from a sample of physiotherapy (physical therapy) out‐patients in the UK to validate the factorial structure of a set of models postulated in the literature, including the three‐factor model hypothesized by Bagby et al. (1994).Method. Data were collected from a sample of physiotherapy out‐patients (N =242). Specialist factor analysis software (LISREL 8.54) was used to perform confirmatory factor analyses on a range of models proposed in the literature.Results. The analysis supports the three‐factor model assumed by Bagby et al. (1994), as well as most of the two‐factor models suggested in the literature.Conclusions. This new set of clinical data supports most of the two‐ and three‐factor models postulated in the recent literature, including the three‐factor model advocated by Bagby et al. (1994).