bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of varnishes and impregnation chemicals on combustion properties of oak (Quercus petreae lipsky)
Authors: Atar Musa 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis study was performed to determine the effects of varnishing after impregnation with boron compounds on combustion properties of oak. For this aim, the test samples prepared from oak (Quercus petreae Liebl.) wood were impregnated according to ASTM D 1413‐99 with boric acid (Ba) and borax (Bx) by vacuum technique. After impregnation, surfaces were coated by cellulosic (Cv), synthetic (Sn), polyurethane (Pu), waterborne (Wb), acrylic (Ac), and acid hardening (Ah) varnishes in accordance to ASTM D 3023. Combustion properties of samples after varnishing process were determined, according to ASTM E 160‐50. According to material and process types, combustion temperature was the highest in Bx and Cv, the lowest in Ba and Ac. An important difference was not observed between without flame source combustion (WFSC) and flame source combustion (FSC). According to combustion type, impregnation material and varnish type, combustion temperature was the highest value in WFSC + Bx + acid hardening varnish combination and the lowest in WFSC + Ba + acrylic varnish combination. As a result, the tested varnishes showed an increasing impact but boron compounds showed a decreasing impact on combustion properties of oak. In consequence, for usage areas having a high risk of fire, impregnation of wood material with boron compounds before varnishing will decrease combustion temperature and provide security. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008
Synthesis and In‐vitro Pharmacological Evaluation of New 5‐HT1A Receptor Ligands Containing a Benzotriazinone Nucleus
Authors: Fiorino Ferdinando , Severino Beatrice , De Angelis Francesca , Perissutti Elisa , Frecentese Francesco , Massarelli Paola , Bruni Giancarlo , Collavoli Elga , Santagada Vincenzo , Caliendo Giuseppe 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis paper reports the microwave‐assisted synthesis and the binding assays on the 5‐HT1A, 5‐HT2A and 5‐HT2C receptors of new benzotriazinone derivatives, in order to identify selective ligands for the 5‐HT1A subtype receptor. Conventional and microwave heating of the reactions were compared. Good yields and short reaction times are the main advantages of our synthetic route. More active compounds were selected and further evaluated for their binding affinities on D1, D2 dopaminergic and α1, α2 adrenergic receptors. The 3‐(2‐(4‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)piperazin‐1‐yl)ethyl)benzo[d][1,2,3]triazin‐4(3H)‐one 5 with Ki = 0.000178 nM was the most active and selective derivative for the 5‐HT1A receptor with respect to other serotonin receptors and the most selective derivative compared to dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors.
Cross‐validation of neural network applications for automatic new topic identification
Authors: Ozmutlu H. Cenk , Cavdur Fatih , Ozmutlu Seda 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to provide results from experiments designed to investigate the cross‐validation of an artificial neural network application to automatically identify topic changes in Web search engine user sessions by using data logs of different Web search engines for training and testing the neural network. Sample data logs from the FAST and Excite search engines are used in this study. The results of the study show that identification of topic shifts and continuations on a particular Web search engine user session can be achieved with neural networks that are trained on a different Web search engine data log. Although FAST and Excite search engine users differ with respect to some user characteristics (e.g., number of queries per session, number of topics per session), the results of this study demonstrate that both search engine users display similar characteristics as they shift from one topic to another during a single search session. The key finding of this study is that a neural network that is trained on a selected data log could be universal; that is, it can be applicable on all Web search engine transaction logs regardless of the source of the training data log.
Development of decision support products based on ensemble forecasts in the European flood alert system
Authors: Ramos Maria‐Helena , Bartholmes Jens , Thielen‐del Pozo Jutta 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe study presents the development of flood warning decision support products based on ensemble forecasts in the European Flood Alert System (EFAS). EFAS aims to extend the lead time of flood forecasts to 3–10 days in transnational river basins and complement Member States' activities on flood forecasting. Weather forecasts are used as input to a hydrological model and simulated discharges are evaluated for exceedances of flood thresholds. Products were developed in collaboration with users for a concise and useful visualization of probabilistic results. Forecasts of flood events observed in the Danube river basin in 2005 illustrate the analysis. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society
Core issues in sustainable supply chain management – a Delphi study
Authors: Seuring Stefan , Müller Martin 
Published: December 2007

AbstractSustainable supply chain management has emerged as a growing topic, receiving increasing interest in the sustainability and supply chain management area. So far, the field is dominated by either case or survey based research. Few attempts have been made to take a broader look at the overarching issues, which form core topics of sustainable supply chain management. This paper presents the findings from a Delphi study where experts were asked to contribute their opinion. The Delphi study allows an aggregation of these opinions and extracts underlying topics in a structured manner. Four major topics were identified, which are (1) pressures and incentives for sustainable supply chain management, (2) identifying and measuring impacts on sustainable supply chain management, (3) supplier management (particularly addressing issues at the supplier–buyer interface) and (4) supply chain management (dealing with issues across all companies involved in the supply chain). The research presented contributes to substantiating and consolidating the field of sustainable supply chain management. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The impact of financial performance on environmental policy: does firm life cycle matter?
Authors: Elsayed Khaled , Paton David 
Published: December 2007

AbstractExisting literature has provided inconclusive evidence regarding the impact of financial performance on firm policy relating to environmental issues. In this paper, we propose that the influence of corporate financial performance on corporate environmental policy is unlikely to be monotonic but, rather, will vary with firm life cycle. We test this hypothesis by the application of static and dynamic techniques on panel data from UK companies. The results provide support for our hypotheses that financial performance has the strongest impact on environmental policy in the maturity stage of the firm life cycle and the weakest impact in the rapid growth stage. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Consumer sophistication and the role of emotion on satisfaction judgments within credence services
Authors: Garry Tony 
Published: December 2007

AbstractEvidence which demonstrates a link between the affective dimension and satisfaction in a tangible product based context is well documented. However, when placed in a credence service context the role of Affect becomes more complex. Previous research in this field has assumed consumer homogeneity when there is increasing evidence of consumer heterogeneity. This research attempts to address this by examining affective reactions to service encounters between two groups of respondents, one with the ability to make performance assessments about the service and one without. Findings suggest consumers of differing sophistication will vary in the way they form expectation and performance assessments about the technical, functional and affective components of credence services and that consumer sophistication may have a moderating influence on affective reactions evoked. This in turn has implications for the design and delivery of service offerings within such contexts.Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assembly of the Inner Kinetochore Proteins CENP‐A and CENP‐B in Living Human Cells
Authors: Orthaus Sandra , Biskup Christoph , Hoffmann Birgit , Hoischen Christian , Ohndorf Sabine , Benndorf Klaus , Diekmann Stephan 
Published: December 2007

AbstractDNA segregation in mammalian cells during mitosis is an essential cellular process that is mediated by a specific subchromosomal protein complex, the kinetochore. Malfunction of this complex results in aneuploidy and can cause cancer. A subkinetochore complex, the “inner kinetochore”, is present at the centromere during the entire cell cycle. Its location seems to be defined by the settlement of CENP‐A (CENH3), which replaces histone H3 in centromeric nucleosomes. This suggests that CENP‐A can recruit further inner kinetochore proteins by direct binding. Surprisingly, intense in vitro studies could not identify an interaction of CENP‐A with any other inner kinetochore protein. Instead, centromere identity seems to be maintained by a unique nucleosome, which might have a modified structure or epigenetic state that serves to distinguish the centromere from the rest of the chromosome. We investigated the association of CENP‐A and CENP‐B by fluorescence intensity and lifetime‐based FRET measurements in living human HEp‐2 cells. We observed Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CENP‐A and CENP‐B at centromere locations; this indicates that these proteins are in the molecular vicinity (<10 nm) of each other. In addition, we analysed protein–protein interactions within the centromeric nucleosome. We could detect energy transfer between CENP‐A and histone H4 as well as between CENP‐A molecules themselves. On the other hand, no FRET was detected between CENP‐A and H2A.1 or H3.1. Our data support the view that two CENP‐A molecules are packed with H4, but not with H3, in a single centromeric nucleosome.
Quenching of Fluorescent Nucleobases by Neighboring DNA: The “Insulator” Concept
Authors: Wilson James N. , Cho Younjin , Tan Samuel , Cuppoletti Andrea , Kool Eric T. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractFluorescent nucleosides are widely used as probes of biomolecular structure and mechanism in the context of DNA, but they often exhibit low quantum yields because of quenching by neighboring DNA bases. Here we characterize the quenching by DNA of fluorescent nucleosides that have pyrene (Y), perylene (E), benzopyrene (B), or 2‐aminopurine (2AP) as nucleobase replacements, and we investigate the effect of inserting varied nucleosides as potential “insulators” between the fluorescent nucleosides and other nearby DNA bases as a strategy for increasing quantum yields. The data show that the hydrocarbons are quenched by adjacent pyrimidines, with thymine being the strongest quencher. The quantum yield of pyrene is quenched 120‐fold by a single adjacent T, that of benzopyrene tenfold, and that of perylene by a factor of 2.5. Quenching of excimer and exciplex dinucleoside labels (Y–Y, Y–E, E–E, etc.) was considerably lessened, but was strongest with neighboring thymine. 2‐Aminopurine (2AP) is most strongly quenched (15‐fold) by neighboring G. We tested four different insulator candidates for reducing this quenching by measuring the fluorescence of short oligonucleotides containing insulators placed between a fluorescent base and a quenching base. The insulators tested were a C3 abasic spacer (S), dihydrothymidine nucleoside (DHT), terphenyl nucleoside (TP), and adenine deoxynucleoside (dA). Results showed that the abasic spacer had little effect on quenching, while the other three had substantial effects. DHT and terphenyl enhanced fluorescence of the fluorophores by factors of 5 to 70. Adenine base reduced the quenching of pyrene 40‐fold. The results underscore the importance of the nearest neighbors in DNA‐quenching mechanisms, and establish simple strategies for enhancing fluorescence in labeled DNAs.
Examination of the Mixed‐Valence State of the Doubly Boron‐Bridged Diferrocene Cation [(FeCp)2{μ‐C10H6(BPh)2}]+
Authors: Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan , Doshi Ami , Nowik Israel , Herber Rolfe H. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Jäkle Frieder 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA series of mixed‐valent (MV) complexes [(FeCp)2(μ‐C10H6(BPh)2)]+X ([1+]X; X=I5, PF6, SbF6, B(C6F5)4) were prepared by oxidation of diboradiferrocene [(FeCp)2(μ‐C10H6(BPh)2)] (1) with I2, AgPF6, and AgSbF6, respectively, and through anion exchange of the I5− salt with [Li(Et2O)x][B(C6F5)4] in the case of X=B(C6F5)4. The MV state of the cation was investigated in solution by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, CV, and UV/Vis‐NIR absorption spectroscopy, and in the solid state by IR spectroscopy, single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The cyclic voltammogram of 1 shows two distinct redox waves with a large redox splitting of ΔE=510 mV in CH2Cl2 and the NIR spectrum for the mono‐oxidized species displays an intervalence charge‐transfer band at around 1500 to 1700 nm depending on the specific counterion present. The X‐ray crystal structures of [1+]X show inversion‐symmetric cations with X=I5 and B(C6F5)4 and unsymmetric valence‐trapped structures composed of one ferrocene and one ferrocenium moiety with X=PF6 and SbF6. Mössbauer data for X=PF6 are consistent with valence trapping at all temperatures between 90 and 343 K. In comparison, fast electron transfer is evident on the Mössbauer timescale for X=I5 and temperature‐dependent behavior is observed for X=B(C6F5)4. The anion dependence of the X‐ray structural and Mössbauer data is discussed in the context of crystal symmetry and the possibility of static and dynamic disorder effects is considered.
The chiral pyrethroid cycloprothrin: Stereoisomer synthesis and separation and stereoselective insecticidal activity
Authors: Jiang Biao , Wang Hua , Fu Qun‐Mei , Li Zhu‐Yi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe synthesis and separation of the isomers of the pesticide cycloprothrin have been realized for the first time. Complete separation was achieved on a DAICEL CHIRALCEL® OJ‐H column (25 × 0.46 cm) for (1R, α*)‐cycloprothrin isomers and on a DAICEL CHIRALCEL OD‐H column (25 × 0.46 cm) for (1S, α*)‐cycloprothrin isomers. The insecticidal activity of (1R, αR)‐cycloprothrin for the larvae of Mythimaseparata and Aphismedicagini was found to be about six times and four times higher, respectively, than that of racemic cycloprothrin. Chirality, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk of Cerebrovascular Accident After a First Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ruigómez Ana , García Rodríguez Luis Alberto , Johansson Saga , Wallander Mari‐Ann , Edvardsson Nils 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and a major risk factor for cerebrovascular accident, including ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.HypothesisIschemic cerebrovascular accident is associated with increasing age and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in primary care patients with atrial fibrillation.MethodsUsing the U.K. General Practice Research Database, we identified patients with chronic atrial fibrillation who were alive 1 month after initial diagnosis (n = 906). Potential cases of cerebrovascular accident were identified and confirmed by the primary care physician. The incidence of cerebrovascular accident was calculated. A nested case‐control analysis was performed to identify factors associated with cerebrovascular accident among patients with chronic atrial fibrillation.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up period of 1.8 years (range: 0–3.9 years), 60 patients with atrial fibrillation were diagnosed with a new cerebrovascular accident (22 cases with transient ischemic attack and 38 with ischemic stroke). The incidence of new cerebrovascular accident was 3.6 per 100 patient‐years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.8–4.6). Increased age (odds ratios [OR] compared with age 40–69 years: 3.5 [95% CI: 1.2–10.5] for age 70–79 years and 4.9 [95% CI: 1.6–15.0] for age > years), prior cerebrovascular event (OR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.9–6.1) and diabetes (OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.0–4.9) were identified as risk factors for a new cerebrovascular accident.ConclusionsAmong patients with atrial fibrillation, risk factors for a new ischemic cerebrovascular accident include previous ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, comorbid diabetes, and increasing age. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Paradoxical Septal Motion After Cardiac Surgery: A Review of 3,292 Cases
Authors: Reynolds Harmony R. , Tunick Paul A. , Grossi Eugene A. , Dilmanian Hajir , Colvin Stephen B. , Kronzon Itzhak 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundParadoxical septal motion (PSM) is the systolic movement of the interventricular septum toward the right ventricle despite normal thickening. The PSM is a frequent echocardiographic finding after cardiac surgery. Although it is universally recognized, there has been no large‐scale study to correlate PSM with the type of surgical procedure. The cause of PSM is unknown; prevailing theories include: (1) operation on the heart alters the degree to which it is restrained by the pericardium and the chest wall and (2) transient ischemia alters septal motion.HypothesisThe PSM is related to type of surgery and surgical approach.MethodsBetween 1996 and 2002, 3,292 patients underwent a first cardiac operation and had a postoperative echocardiogram; 313 were excluded due to other explanations for PSM (severe tricuspid regurgitation [TR] cardiac pacing), leaving a study group of 2,979 patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine which surgical characteristics were correlated with postoperative PSM. Septal thickening was assessed in a subset.ResultsOn multivariate analysis, aortic (p = 0.02) and mitral valve surgery (p < 0.001) and longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (p < 0.001) were independently associated with PSM. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was less likely to cause PSM than non‐CABG surgery (p = 0.003) and off‐pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) caused less PSM than did on‐pump CABG.Conclusions1. Valve surgery is more likely to cause PSM than CABG.2. Among patients with CABG, OPCAB causes less PSM.3. Cardiopulmonary bypass time is associated with the development of PSM.4. The cause of PSM is likely to be multifactorial. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Family history of cancer
Authors: Orom Heather , Coté Michele L. , González Hector M. , Underwood Willie , Schwartz Ann G. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Patients' self‐reports of family history of cancer influence physician cancer screening recommendations. Little is known about rates of reporting a family history of cancer in the immigrant population.METHODS.The study used a nationally representative probability sample of adults, 18 years of age and older, living in the United States (N = 5010) who had responded to the 2005 Health Information Trends Survey (HINTS). Likelihood of reporting a family history of cancer was examined as a function of nativity status (foreign‐born vs US‐born) and control variables.RESULTS.Immigrants were approximately one‐third as likely as nonimmigrants to report a family history of cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% confidence index [95% CI], 0.25–0.48) after controlling for sociodemographic and cancer knowledge variables.CONCLUSIONS.When healthcare providers are assessing cancer risk and making screening recommendations, they should take into account that among foreign‐born patients, and especially nonwhite foreign‐born patients, self‐reported family history of cancer (FHC) may misrepresent their cancer risk. Failure to account for low rates of reporting FHC among immigrants could inadvertently contribute to existing disparities in cancer screening and use of genetic testing by immigrants and ethnic minorities. Cancer 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Underuse of colorectal cancer screening in a cohort of medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Cooper Gregory S. , Doug Kou Tzuyung 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.To the authors' knowledge, few population‐based studies to date have considered the serial use of colorectal cancer screening tests, which are usually recommended at specific intervals.METHODS.The study included a cohort of cancer‐free Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥70 years who were identified in 1998. Inpatient, physician, and outpatient Medicare claims for colorectal screening procedures from 1991 through 1997 and 1998 through 2004 were used to categorize patients as receiving previous and subsequent complete screening, respectively. Codes were also used to identify patients at increased neoplasia risk. Cox proportional hazards models were used to measure time to receipt of complete screening in follow‐up.RESULTS.The cohort consisted of 153,469 Medicare beneficiaries. Previous complete screening was performed in 29.2% of the cohort, including 76.7% of the increased risk group and 22.9% of other patients (P < .001). In the entire study cohort, the criteria for complete screening during the follow‐up period were met in only 25.4% of patients, and included colonoscopy (17.6%), flexible sigmoidoscopy (2.9%), yearly fecal occult blood testing (0.8%), barium enema (0.1%), and >1 method (4.1%). Subsequent screening was strongly associated with receipt of previous screening (35.7% vs 21.2% of others; P < .001), and was also more frequent in younger and white patients. The differences were maintained in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONS.In a population‐based cohort of Medicare beneficiaries, despite insurance reimbursement, there is significant underuse of colorectal testing. Given the ability of screening tests to reduce cancer incidence and mortality, continued efforts to promote screening are clearly warranted. Cancer 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Tongue cancer patients have a high frequency of allelic loss at the von Hippel‐Lindau gene and other loci on 3p
Authors: Asakawa Takeshi , Esumi Mariko , Endo Sohei , Kida Akinori , Ikeda Minoru 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Although genetic abnormalities on 3p have been suggested to be linked to the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, to the authors' knowledge no study to date has examined such genetic abnormalities in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. In the current study, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was evaluated at several loci within 3p, including the von Hippel‐Lindau gene (VHL), in samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the coding region of the intact VHL allele was screened for sequence mutations.METHODS.DNA was extracted from tumor and nontumor tissues collected from 28 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. LOH was investigated by analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms within exon 3 of VHL and by microsatellite analysis within another 10 loci. Mutation analysis of the VHL gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of the coding region of the gene.RESULTS.LOH within VHL was found at a high frequency (45.5%) within the tumor. However, mutations of the VHL gene were not detected in all tumor samples. LOH of other microsatellite markers on 3p was observed in 27.3% to 50% of tumor samples. Eleven (58%) of 19 samples that were informative at more than 2 loci exhibited LOH of at least 1 locus; 10 of these 11 cases exhibited LOH at multiple loci.CONCLUSIONS.A wide range of deletions in 3p, including at the VHL gene, may play a role in the development of tongue cancer. Cancer 2008. © 2007 American Cancer Society.