bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized study of local control and survival following radical surgery or radiation therapy in oral and laryngeal carcinomas
Authors: Hintz Brace , Charyulu Komanduri , Chandler James R. , Sudarsanam Anam , Garciga Carlos 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom 1971 to 1975, 100 patients with glottic, supraglottic, and oral cavity lesions were prospectively randomized between primary radiation treatment and primary surgery. Local control and survival were similar with either treatment for lesions of the oral cavity or supraglottic larynx. Comparison between radiation alone and surgery alone for T1 and T2 glottic laryngeal lesions showed local control rates of 76% and 100% (P=0.32); after secondary salvage attempts, local control rates were 82% and 100%, respectively (P=0.52). Neither result approached statistical significance. Successful radiation for early glottic larynx lesions resulted in superior deglutition and equivalent voice function compared to successful primary treatment with conservation laryngectomy. For oral cavity lesions, swallowing was impaired in the same percentage of radiated and operated patients, but fewer primary radiation patients had articulation difficulties. Among the patients with supraglottic larynx lesions, aspiration was not a problem with either radiation or surgery, but successful radiation perhaps maintained a slightly better voice quality.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as prognostic marker in colonic cancer
Authors: Alsabti Elias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadioimmunoassay for serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed in 49 colonic cancer patients. The test results were positive in 42 patients (85.7%) in whom tumor was present at the time of assay. Preoperatively, CEA level suggested the extent and the prognosis of the disease. Strongly positive CEA test results in such patients correlated with metastatic tumors and poor prognosis. Postoperatively, a positive result for serum CEA indicated presence of residual tumor, while negative results did not exclude residual tumor. Periodic CEA determination in the patients who have undergone resection of colonic cancer may detect tumor recurrence that is at a treatable stage. The data show that patients in whom the immediate postoperative CEA concentration returns to normal have a much lower incidence of recurrent cancer of the colon than patients whose CEA level remains elevated.
Results of treating 1, 178 patients with breast cancer by radical mastectomy and postoperative irradiation where metastases to axillary lymph nodes occurred
Authors: Ariel Irving M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study of 1, 178 females suffering from cancer of the breast and treated by radical mastectomy is presented. All operations were performed by essentially one group of four senior surgeons, each either trained or connected with Memorial Sloan Kettering Hospital in New York and spent practically all of his professional career in the treatment of cancer. The same techniques of surgery were practiced. The same principles of the overall treatment were utilized; namely, if there were no metastases to lymph nodes detected on histologic studies, no radiation therapy was given. If metastases were present in the axillary lymph nodes, each of the patients received postoperative radiation therapy. None received either chemotherapy nor immunotherapy, as primary treatment. The study includes all patients treated between 1930 and 1965 and complete follow‐up data were obtained in 94.6% of all patients. Five hundred and ninety‐six patients were classified histologically as Stage I (50.6%), 291 as Stage II (24.7%), 74 as Stage III (6.3%), and 217 patients (18.4%) were undetermined. The total number of patients who developed a second primary cancer in the remaining breast was 91 (7.7%), and only 51 patients (4.3%) developed local recurrences in the chest wall or axilla. The mean age of the patients was 51.9 years. The absolute 5‐year survival of all patients was 64% and the 10‐year survival equaled 54.6%. The 9.4% mortality between the 5‐ and 10‐year survival emphasizes that the 10‐year survival figures are a more accurate index of survival. The larger the tumor, usually the poorer the prognosis, except where the tumor was 8 cm or larger where the prognosis was rather good. This indicates some biologic resistance.
Alterations in gastrointestinal contents induced by elemental diets
Authors: Stanford John R. , Ayers Leona W. , Cornhill J. Frederick , Carey Larry C. , Kilman James W. , Pace William G. , Vasko John S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effects of elemental diets on selected aspects of the rat colon were studied. Forty young male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into 4 diet groups of 10 rats each: Purina Rat Chow (control); Flexical; Precision L‐R; and Vivonex. All diets were fed ad lib to rats housed in pairs in wire‐bottom cages. Two weeks after weight stabilization had been achieved all rats were killed and colon contents were collected for culture and short‐chain fatty acid analysis on the Perkins‐Elsoner 3920 gas chromatograph. Colon fecal butyric/acetic acid ratios of the rats in the 4 groups were: Rat Chow, 2.56; Flexical, 0.28; Precision L‐R, 0.16; and Vivonex, 0.26. Bacterial cultures showed increased coliform and enterococcal species in the rats consuming elemental diets.
Single versus double preoperative intralesional BCG in 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNinety Fischer 344 female rats were injected subcutaneously with a syngeneic 13762 mammary adenocarcinoma. In order to study if repeated doses of preoperative intralesional (IL) BCG were more effective than single doses of IL BCG, and whether the amount of tumor burden influenced the effectiveness of single and/or double doses of BCG, 40 rats had single tumor implants and 50 had double tumor implants. If tumor was allowed to grow for 22 days before resection, all animals eventually died from spontaneous disseminated metastasis (survival for rats with single tumor = 72.8 ± 12.1 days; for those with double tumors = 63.3 ± 14.0 days). For rats with single tumors, one dose of IL BCG given 11 days before resection of tumor results in 25% longterm cures. But repeated doses of IL BCG gave much better survival results (43% cures). For rats with two subcutaneous tumors, single doses of preoperative BCG was not effective. Double injections of BCG significantly improved survival results and achieved occasional long‐term cures (25%) if the combined tumor volumes were relatively small.
Comparative value of aspiration cytology in the diagnostic evaluation of breast masses
Authors: Frazier Thomas G. , Rowland Charlotte H. , Woolery Claire L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor 38 consecutive patients presenting with breast masses we compared accuracy of diagnosis, before biopsy, of the techniques of clinical examination, bilateral xeromammography, and aspiration cytology with a 10‐cc syringe and a 22‐guage needle. Of the 38 patients, nine had carcinoma and 29 had benign breast disease. The overall diagnostic accuracy showed a perfect correlation between aspiration cytology and subsequent biopsy for carcinoma in this group. Clinical impression made the correct diagnosis in 89.5% of the cases and bilateral xeromammography produced the correct diagnosis in 84.9%. Both clinical impression and mammography were incorrect in diagnosing 33.3% of the malignancies. The technique of cytologic aspiration is a simple, accurate, and effective adjunct to the early diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma of the breast, and this should become a part of the initial evaluation of the patient who presents with a breast mass.
Effect of acute and chronic ethanol intake on metastasis formation in rat liver
Authors: Elmér Olle , Göransson Göran , Molander Nils 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of acute ethanol intoxication and prolonged intake of ethanol on metastasis formation in the liver was studied in the rat. The tumour cells used were derived from a pharmacologically induced colon carcinoma (NGW 1) and were injected intraportally. Acute ethanol intoxication at the time of injection was associated with a liver weight of 13.29 ± 0.89 gm two weeks later, compared to 8.43 ± 0.51 gm in controls. Daily intake of ethanol for eight weeks resulted in a mild reduction of platelets. The liver weight in two groups was 7.31±0.50 gm and 12.19±1.40 gm three weeks after intraportal injection of cancer cells as compared to 9.53±1.11 gm and 19.63±1.67gm in controls. The results indirectly supported the hypothesis that acute ethanol intoxication causes increased platelet activity and confirmed earlier results showing the importance of platelets for metastasis formation.
Colorectal carcinoma 15 years after the diagnosis of perianal paget disease
Authors: Oster Martin W. , Magun Arthur , Herter Frederic P. , Wolff Marianne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report a patient with perianal Paget disease who developed a colorectal carcinoma fifteen years later, complicated by pseudomyxoma peritonei. While perianal Paget disease is often associated with underlying carcinomas noted at the time of the diagnosis, we suggest that perianal Paget disease may also predispose to the future development of colorectal cancer.
Histoculture of human breast cancers
Authors: Sherwin R. P. , Richters A. , Yellin A. E. , Donovan A. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBreast cancers from 53 patients were explanted in culture, and 39 with two‐year or more follow‐up and documentable tissue forms of cancer in culture (histoculture) are the subject of this report. Clinicopathologic findings have been correlated with dynamic aspects of the cancers in short‐term histocultures, including cell cohesiveness, yield and survival time of the cancer cells in culture, emigration of macrophages from the explants, and the occurrence of special interactions of lymphocytes with cancer cells.The outstanding finding was the association of special lymphocyte‐cancer cell interactions with a more favorable prognosis; six of seven patients (86%) with infiltrating ductal cancer showing lymphocyte congregation, emperiopolesis, or other special activity were tumor‐free survivors. Additional findings were: (1) patients having four or fewer lymph nodes positive for cancer had a survival rate of 50%, but this fell to 20% when emigrating macrophages were not present in the cancer cultures; (2) eight of 12 patients (67%) having discoid histoculture survival time of less than one week were tumor‐free, as opposed to three of eight patients (27%) where tumor survival in vitro was greater than one week. The reverse was true for nondiscoid, poorly cohesive colonies of cancer; (3) the combination of tumor‐negative lymph nodes and low in vitro cancer yield was associated with the best patient survival rate, 64%. However, the combination of negative nodes and high in vitro yield was linked to the worst patient survival (20%).Although the overall study does not permit definitive conclusions, there is an undeniable potential for the use of histocultures in the evaluation of human cancers. Expanded studies are warranted, including larger numbers of tumors and cultures, and longer patient follow‐up periods.
Hypomagnesemia: Higher risk using total parenteral nutrition in the treatment of patients with malignancies
Authors: Frazier Thomas G. , Mucha Marie E. , Rush Imelda H. , Trull Eula J. , Carlson Stephen A. , O'Connor Jo Ann 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe syndrome of hypomagnesemia in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is well known. To determine particular high‐risk groups for the development of this syndrome, 26 consecutive patients on TPN were initially evaluated for serum magnesium (Mg) and followed at regular intervals. Seventeen had a diagnosis of solid tumor or hematologic malignancy (CA); nine had inflammatory bowel disease and/or small bowel fistulae (ID). All met the standard criteria for being malnourished – anergy, low serum albumin, and recent weight loss. During TPN, all patients received an average of 24 mEq of magnesium sulfate per day, and all had satisfactory anabolic response in terms of weight gain and increase in serum albumin. Ten patients had at least one magnesium determination below the lower limits of normal, and four of these developed symptoms of tremor which responded to increased amounts of magnesium in their TPN. Eight of these ten (80%) had a diagnosis of CA, and four of four (100%) of those requiring additional magnesium to alleviate symptoms had CA. None of the patients with ID developed symptomatic hypomagnesemia. We conclude that patients with solid tumor malignancy are more likely to develop hypomagnesemia, possibly because of the increased requirements for magnesium in lymphocytolysis of tumor cells, and they must be carefully monitored to prevent this complication.
In vitro lymphocyte activity: Its relation to the stage of gastric cancer
Authors: Tohgi Kimiaki , Mashiba Harukazu , Yoshinaga Hirokuni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocyte activity of patients with gastric cancer and its relation to the stage of cancer were studied. PHA response of lymphocytes from patients with gastric cancer was decreased markedly even in early stage of cancer. The PHA‐stimulated lympho‐cytotoxicity was not impaired in all stages of the disease. Spontaneous lymphocyte‐mediated cytotoxicity showed a tendency to decrease as the cancer stage advanced. The cytotoxic activity of the supernatants from lymphocytes cultured without PHA was significantly high in the advanced stage of gastric cancer.
Skin sensitization with the new reagents NOPYE (4‐nitro‐1‐cyclohexyl‐3‐ethoxy‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyrroline) and NOPY‐L‐phenylalanine
Authors: Reif Arnold E. , Southwick Philip L. , Judd Kenneth P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the compound 4‐nitro‐1‐cyclohexyl‐3‐ethoxy‐2‐oxo‐3‐pyrroline (NOPYE) and some related compounds for skin sensitization in guinea pigs, as the first step in a search for more effective skin sensitizers for immunotherapy of cutaneous tumors. In guinea pigs, NOPYE and NOPYE‐L‐alanine produce far milder delayed hypersensitivity reactions than DNCB. Both NOPYE and DNCB fail to act as adjuvants for skin sensitization to tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) and ovalbumin (OV). This suggests an explanation for the lack of effectiveness of DNCB in immunotherapy of metastases: DNCB may be relatively ineffective as an adjuvant for production of specific antitumor immunity. Such adjuvant activity may be essential if the action of the immunotherapeutic reagent is not to be confined to its site of application but is to be effective at the site of distant metastases.
Association between estrogen receptors and weight in women with breast cancer
Authors: Papatestas Angelos E. , Panveliwalla Daraius , Pertsemlidis Demetrius , Mulvihill Michael , Aufses Arthur H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA significant association between body weight and estrogen receptor protein (ERP) was noted in 83 women with primary and metastatic breast cancer. Thirteen of 34 (54%) women with weight >150 lb had low or absent receptor protein (<10 femtomoles/mg of cytoplasmic protein) compared to 15 of 59 (25%) women with weight <150 lb (P <0.025). The observed association was stronger in the group of 62 postmenopausal women (P <0.01). The findings suggest that the endocrine and metabolic milieu in women with increased weight favors autonomous growth of breast cancer, and adjuvant treatment in this group should be planned accordingly.
Cytological and cytogenetical analysis of thoracic duct lymph in patients with pulmonary carcinomas
Authors: Dahlbäck O. , Dencker H. , Elisson O. , Håkansson C. H. , Korsgaard R. , Simonsson B. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and nodular metastases underwent Daniels' biopsy and cannulation of the thoracic duct. Lymph specimens obtained by aspiration the day after catheter insertion were examined by cytologic and cytogenetical techniques, including chromosome banding methods. In five of the seven cases malignant cells could be detected by karyotype analysis, whereas standard cytologic examinations yielded no positive diagnoses. This indicates that chromosome analysis is applicable as a diagnostic tool in lymph fluid.
Malignant carcinoid of the gallbladder: Third reported case and review of the literature
Authors: Bosl George J. , Yagoda Alan , Camara‐Lopes L. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe case of a 26‐year‐old male with malignant carcinoid of the gallbladder is presented. Extensive review of the literature reveals this patient to be the third case of a metastasizing gall bladder carcinoid and the twelfth reported case in the literature.
Morbidity and mortality after surgery in patients with disseminated or locally advanced cancer receiving systemic chemotherapy
Authors: Finn Daniel , Steele Glenn , Osteen Robert T. , Wilson Richard E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAll postoperative complications and mortality were analyzed in a diverse group of patients operated upon by the authors during a ten‐year period. These patients shared only two common factors: 1) known locally advanced or disseminated cancer, and 2) systemic chemotherapy within three weeks (either pre‐ or postoperatively) of major surgery. One hundred eighty‐six operations were performed on 175 patients. The overall mortality in this series was 2.2% (four patients), with a complication rate of 5.9% (11 patients). Despite the known detrimental effects of widespread cancer and cytotoxic agents on wound healing, appropriate surgical intervention can be accomplished with an acceptable mortality and morbidity in patients with locally advanced or disseminated cancer who are receiving systemic chemotherapy.
Pathogenesis of the anemia of Shay chloroleukemia
Authors: Derelanko M. J. , Khouri J. A. , Lobue J. , Gordon A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pathogenesis of anemia of the Shay chloroleukemia (SCL) was studied in rats following SC, IP and IV inoculation of chloroma cells. Little difference in survival was noted regardless of the route of inoculation. A decrease in hematocrit occurred in all SCL rats during approximately the final 48 hours of the disease; however, the anemia was more severe in SC‐ and IP‐inoculated terminal rats than in SCL rats inoculated IV. A reduction in the numbers of normal cellular elements was noted in the femoral bone marrow of most terminal rats studied which was found to correlate inversely with the leukemic blast cell content of the marrow. No correlation was observed between the erythroblast content of the marrow and the degree of anemia. The number of erythroblasts varied from greatly reduced to normal in terminal SCL rats despite severe anemia. Moreover, the greatest reduction of both normal marrow cellularity and erythroblast numbers was observed in IV inoculated rats which consistently displayed the highest hematocrits in the terminal stage of the disease. Thus, the terminal anemia appears to be due primarily to excessive red cell loss. The decrease in erythroblasts, when observed, was most striking in the orthochromatophilic and polychromatophilic stages of erythroid maturation.
Tissue acid and alkaline phosphatase in prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Erkan Ilhan , Remzi Dogan , Ciliv Gonenc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐eight patients admitted with infravesical obstruction symptoms were studied. Fourteen of these patients were suffering from prostatic carcinoma defined as inoperable. The remaining 14 patients were diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and transurethral resection (TUR) was performed to all of them. Specimens obtained by TUR were used to analyze tissue activities of total and tartarate labil acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase. Enzymatic levels in the tissue were estimated by using fluorimetric method (FU/mg). The estimated averages seemed to vary in favor of the malignant tissue, however this variation was not found to be statistically significant. Different inhibition levels were observed in benign and malignant tissue with the addition of L(+) tartarate. The average levels of the alkaline phosphatase were found to be lower than those of acid phosphatase, but the former showed no difference between the malignant and benign groups.
Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of breast disease
Authors: Rosner D. , Weiss L. , Norman M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred nine patients with breast disease were examined with a new advanced ultrasonic scanner. The ultrasound data were compared with clinical examination and, when available, X‐ray, surgical, and pathologic observations. The main purpose of the study was to determine whether ultrasonic examination provides additional diagnostic information on breast disease, to compare the sensitivity of ultrasonic examination with other diagnostic modalities, and to define its clinical applications.In 171 patients with fibrocystic disease of the breast, ultrasound usually permitted a more accurate, detailed description of the lesions than other modalities and was capable of detecting cysts as small as 0.2 cm in diameter. By the use of ultrasound, fibrocystic disease was correctly diagnosed in 97% of patients and confirmed the presence of palpable cystic masses in 95%. In 24 cases of histologically confirmed breast cancer, 16 were diagnosed initially by ultrasound and 18 on review, compared with 22 of 24 cases by X‐ray mammography. Six of the eight initial false‐negative cases belonged to the non‐palpable group, where sonography could not visualize the presence of microcalcifications or radiologic mass identified by X‐ray mammography. In two patients who refused mammography, cancer was diagnosed by ultrasound only.Our results demonstrate that ultrasound is a useful adjunct to other techniques in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions; however, it is not an unqualified substitute for X‐ray mammography. At present, we therefore consider that breast screening programs cannot be based on ultrasound alone. The main proven use of ultrasound is in the differential diagnosis of palpable lesions of the breast.
Renal cell carcinoma presenting as epistaxis
Authors: Kathuria Satinder , Molnar Zelma , Reyes Cesar V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of renal cell carcinoma presenting as a nosebleed of three‐week duration is described. Light microscopy of a nasal lesion showed a richly vascular tumor, forming glands and uniformly consisting of clear cells. Cytochemically and ultrastructurally, the presence of abundant lipid droplets and glycogen within the neoplastic cells indicated a renal origin. An extended clinical search for a primary kidney tumor was undertaken in view of a negative intravenous tomographic pyelography and renal scan findings. An angiogram finally revealed an intrarenal mass which was proven pathologically as a renal cell carcinoma.
Surgical management of postradiation residual/recurrent cancer of the base of the tongue
Authors: Pradhan S. A. , Rajpal R. M. , Kothary P. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study of 78 cases of base of the tongue cancer treated surgically for control of disease at the primary site is presented. Seventy‐four of these cases were radiation failures, surgery being resorted to as a salvage procedure. The choice of the various surgical procedures is discussed and the cure rates analysed. Thirty‐five cases required a total glossectomy, of which twenty‐six did not have removal of the larynx. The feasibility of preserving the larynx at least in younger individuals and when good nursing care is available is stressed.