bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Science as Routine: Work and Labor in the Bureau of Science at Manila
Authors: Baldoza Jonathan Victor 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the early twentieth-century Philippines, the Bureau of Science at Manila entrenched scientific knowledge production as a component of the American colonial government. This article examines the management and routinization of scientific activity in the bureau, looking at how scientists, acting as managers and bureaucrats, organized, categorized, and administered different kinds of scientific work and labor. In particular, the article discusses how the bureau's scientists grappled with “routine,” a category of work classified as important to the bureau's institutional identity but menial and perfunctory, an obstruction to research. As a result, research and routine characterized scientific work, involving technical, manual, and clerical labor along contiguous lines of investigation. Furthermore, the bureau offered a complex but integrated ecology where American and Filipino scientists, clerks, assistants, and other employees worked, forming professional networks and building scientific careers.
Technical Note—Production Management with General Demands and Lost Sales
Authors: Han Jinhui , Li Xiaolong , Sethi Suresh P. , Siu Chi Chung , Yam Sheung Chi Phillip 
Published: March 2024

Analyzing Production-Inventory Systems with General Demand: Cost Minimization and Risk Analytics Frequent production rate changes are prohibitive because of high setup costs or setup times in producing such items as sugar, glass, computer displays, and cell-free proteins. Thus, constant production rates are deployed for producing these items even when their demands are random. In “Production Management with General Demands and Lost Sales,” Han, Li, Sethi, Siu, and Yam obtain the optimal constant production rate for a production-inventory system with Lévy demand for long-run average and expected discounted cost objectives, explicitly in some cases and numerically in general with a Fourier-cosine scheme they develop. This scheme can help in computing risk analytics of the inventory system, such as stockout probability and expected shortfall. These measures are particularly significant for assessing supply resilience, especially for emergency products or services like medicines and healthcare equipment. This study’s analytical and numerical findings contribute to enhancing efficiency and decision making in production management.
Hyperargininemia: a rare diagnosis in adulthood
Authors: Freitas Henriques Carolina , Fernandes Rui , Barreto Francisco , Miranda Rubina , Aguiar Teresa Carolina 
Published: March 2024

Background: Hyperargininemia is a rare inherited metabolic disorder of the urea cycle with an autosomal recessive transmission. It occurs due to a deficiency of the enzyme arginase I and causes progressive neurological damage. Very few cases are diagnosed in adulthood, with the majority being diagnosed before the age of 4. Currently, this condition is diagnosed by a mass spectrometry technique in neonatal screening, which has been implemented in Portugal since 2007; births before that were not screened for this entity. Case description: We present a case of a 23-year-old woman referred to the internal medicine and neurology departments with a history of two hospital admissions for rhabdomyolysis at the age of 18, consanguineous parents, learning difficulties and multiple falls since the age of 8. In addition, the patient also had behavioural changes so she had psychological counselling at school, but lacked family support. Neurological examination showed mild proximal paraparesis, and spastic and paraparetic gait. The aetiological study revealed a pathological variant in homozygosity ARG1 and increased blood levels of arginine. Therefore, the diagnosis of hyperargininemia was confirmed. Conclusions: Compared to other urea cycle disorders, hyperargininemia is the rarest one. It is important to recognise the characteristic clinical features and diagnose it early because a favourable outcome can be achieved with appropriate treatment. This case shows a delayed diagnosis of hyperargininemia and highlights the importance of the internist’s role in diagnosing rare diseases.
Uncommon thigh mass in neurofibromatosis type 1: unveiling aggressive epithelioid sarcoma
Authors: Gharbi Mohamed A. , Limaiem Faten , Romdhane Khaled B. , Tebourbi Anis , Bouzidi Ramzi , Nefiss Mouadh 
Published: March 2024

Background: Patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) have an increased risk of developing soft-tissue sarcomas, particularly those related to the nervous system. Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is an exceptionally rare subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma, with limited knowledge about its clinical presentation and optimal management in NF1. This report aims to provide insights into the characteristics and outcomes of ES in NF1 patients. Case description: A 37-year-old man with a history of NF1 presented with a progressively worsening mass on his right inner thigh. An MRI scan revealed a well-defined tissue mass originating from the adductor magnus muscle, later confirmed as ES through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Considering poor local and general prognosis, the multidisciplinary team recommended salvage hip disarticulation, however the patient refused and opted for palliative marginal resection to reduce the tumour size. The patient’s condition declined rapidly, and he succumbed six days after the surgery. Conclusion: This case highlights the rarity of ES in NF1 patients and underscores the potential for malignant tumour development in this population. Further research is needed to improve our understanding and management of sarcomas in the context of NF1.
The European Court of Auditors as an audit institution.
Authors: Wójtowicz-Dawid Anna 
Published: March 2024

Cel pracyGłównym celem publikacji jest analiza znaczenia i roli Europejskiego Trybunału Obrachunkowego w systemie zarządzania i kontroli wydatkowania środków pochodzących z budżetu Unii Europejskiej. Podstawową tezą publikacji jest twierdzenie, że Europejski Trybunał Obrachunkowy jest instytucją audytową i funkcjonuje w ramach systemu audytu. Ponadto umiejscowienie Europejskiego Trybunału Obrachunkowego wśród instytucji audytowych niesie ze sobą konieczność innego postrzegania tej instytucji. Celem deskryptywnym publikacji jest pokazanie powiązania pomiędzy ETO jako instytucją audytu a zaufaniem, jakie posiada, oraz analizą czy funkcjonując jako instytucja audytowa ma większy wpływ na właściwe wydatkowanie środków publicznych pochodzących z budżetu UE, niż będąc instytucją kontrolną.Materiał i metodyPoprzez charakterystykę instytucji audytu oraz przedstawienie zakresu zadań i kompetencji ETO, opierając się na metodzie dogmatyczno-prawnej, jak również teoretyczno-prawnej oraz w niewielkim stopniu historyczno-prawnej autorka wykazuje, iż ETO nie jest, jak się powszechnie klasyfikuje w polskiej doktrynie prawa, instytucją kontrolą.WynikiPrzedstawiono że ETO nie jest instytucją kontrolną jak powszechnie się wykazuje w doktrynie prawa.WnioskiPrzedstawiona powyżej analiza wykazuje funkcje i zadania ETO jako instytucji audytowej. Stąd też niezbędne jest uporządkowanie nomenklatury i klasyfikacji ETO w polskiej doktrynie prawa.
Local development and entrepreneurship: legal, economic and managerial determinants. A multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Jastrzębski Wińczysław , Pochodyła Paweł , Bojaruniec Marta , Sokołowska-Woźniak Justyna , Golec Ewa 
Published: March 2024

ObjectivesEntrepreneurship is defined as a process in which not only business is a participant, but also local governments and social organizations (more broadly, the public and social sectors). In the management process, entrepreneurship is manifested, for example, by choosing the right strategy, creating flexible structures, promoting innovation, avoiding excessive administration and choosing the right forms of control.Material and methodsThe research methods used in the work are: comparative analysis, functional analysis, questionnaire, interviews with municipal managers through a direct conversation with the respondent, a dynamic research method and statistical methods of data analysis. The research was conducted using many quantitative and qualitative methods.ResultsThe commune management process is active and aims to create prospects for the development of these units. Therefore, this process should be based on a strategic approach understood as an orderly set of activities, from the identification and assessment of potential opportunities and threats to the environment and the determination of the strengths and weaknesses of a local government unit.ConclusionsThe basic unit of local government:
1.	The commune's mission is to use the commune's resources and potential on the basis of sustainable development, in order to raise the standard of living of the inhabitants and effective management.
2.	The mission of the commune is to provide people with jobs and income allowing for the necessary standard of living for the society.
3.	The commune's mission is to use the commune's development potential to create conditions for the development of entrepreneurship and to constantly improve the living conditions of its inhabitants.
Safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Peike , Yu Xiaohui , Song Tao , Hou Xiaoli 
Published: March 2024

Objective
To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods
Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies on antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with ADHD were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the inception of databases to November 12, 2022. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Network meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number CRD 42023382824) was carried out by using R Studio 4.2.1.

Results
48 studies involving 12 antioxidant drugs (resveratrol, pycnogenol, omega-3, omega-6, quercetin, phosphatidylserine, almond, vitamin D, zinc, folic acid, ginkgo biloba, Acetyl-L-carnitine) were finally included, with 3,650 patients. Network meta-analysis showed that omega-6 (0.18), vitamin D (0.19), and quercetin (0.24) were the top three safest drugs according to SUCRA. The omega-3 (SUCRA 0.35), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.36), and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.27) were the most effective in improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners’ parent rating scale (CPRS), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners’ teacher rating scale (CTRS), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), phosphatidylserine+omega-3 (SUCRA 0.26), and zinc (SUCRA 0.34) were the most effective, respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Parent, the optimal agents were phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.39), resveratrol+MPH (SUCRA 0.24), and phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.34), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Teacher, pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), vitamin D (SUCRA 0.31) and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.18) were the optimal agents, respectively. The response rate of omega-3+6 was the highest in CGI (SUCRA 0.95) and CPT (SUCRA 0.42).

Conclusion
The rankings of safety and efficacy of the 12 antioxidants vary. Due to the low methodological quality of the included studies, the probability ranking cannot fully explain the clinical efficacy, and the results need to be interpreted with caution. More high-quality studies are still needed to verify our findings.
The effect of real-time EF automatic tool on cardiac ultrasound performance among medical students
Authors: Aronovitz Noam , Hazan Itai , Jedwab Roni , Ben Shitrit Itamar , Quinn Anna , Wacht Oren , Fuchs Lior 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a sensitive, safe, and efficient tool used in many clinical settings and is an essential part of medical education in the United States. Numerous studies present improved diagnostic performances and positive clinical outcomes among POCUS users. However, others stress the degree to which the modality is user-dependent, rendering high-quality POCUS training necessary in medical education. In this study, the authors aimed to investigate the potential of an artificial intelligence (AI) based quality indicator tool as a teaching device for cardiac POCUS performance.

Methods
The authors integrated the quality indicator tool into the pre-clinical cardiac ultrasound course for 4th-year medical students and analyzed their performances. The analysis included 60 students who were assigned to one of two groups as follows: the intervention group using the AI-based quality indicator tool and the control group. Quality indicator users utilized the tool during both the course and the final test. At the end of the course, the authors tested the standard echocardiographic views, and an experienced clinician blindly graded the recorded clips. Results were analyzed and compared between the groups.

Results
The results showed an advantage in quality indictor users’ median overall scores (P = 0.002) with a relative risk of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.10, 4.93, P = 0.03) for obtaining correct cardiac views. In addition, quality indicator users also had a statistically significant advantage in the overall image quality in various cardiac views.

Conclusions
The AI-based quality indicator improved cardiac ultrasound performances among medical students who were trained with it compared to the control group, even in cardiac views in which the indicator was inactive. Performance scores, as well as image quality, were better in the AI-based group. Such tools can potentially enhance ultrasound training, warranting the expansion of the application to more views and prompting further studies on long-term learning effects.
Influence of epicardial adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size on postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients after cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Natsui Hiroyuki , Watanabe Masaya , Yokota Takashi , Tsuneta Satonori , Fumoto Yoshizuki , Handa Haruka , Matsushima Shouji , Koya Jiro , Nishino Kotaro , Tatsuta Daishiro , Koizumi Takuya , Kadosaka Takahide , Nakao Motoki , Koya Taro , Temma Taro , Ito Yoichi M. , Hatanaka Kanako C. , Hatanaka Yutaka , Shingu Yasushige , Wakasa Satoru , Miura Shuhei , Masuda Takahiko , Nishioka Naritomo , Naraoka Shuichi , Ochi Kayoko , Kudo Tomoko , Ishikawa Tsugumine , Anzai Toshihisa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is an active endocrine organ that is closely associated with occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the role of EAT in the development of postoperative AF (POAF) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between EAT profile and POAF occurrence in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery. We obtained EAT samples from 53 patients to evaluate gene expression, histological changes, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity in the EAT, and protein secretion in EAT‐conditioned medium. EAT volume was measured using computed tomography scan. Eighteen patients (34%) experienced POAF within 7 days after surgery. Although no significant difference was observed in EAT profile between patients with and without POAF, logistic regression analysis identified that the mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were positively correlated and adipocyte size in the EAT was inversely correlated with onset of POAF, respectively. Mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity in the EAT was not associated with POAF occurrence; however, it showed an inverse correlation with adipocyte size and a positive correlation with adiponectin secretion. In conclusion, changes in the secretory profile and adipocyte morphology of the EAT, which represent qualitative aspects of the adipose tissue, were present before the onset of AF.
Examining the Interrelationships Among Curiosity, Creativity, and Academic Motivation Using Students in High Schools: A Multivariate Analysis Approach
Authors: Mahama Inuusah , Asamoah-Gyimah Kenneth , Dramanu Bakari Yusuf 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Psychological variables are a key component of the general outcome of students. In this sense, their complementary role in the academic lives of students is not doubtful. Therefore, this study examined the interrelationship among curiosity, creativity, and academic motivation of students in high school. A total of 568 students were surveyed using the correlational design (purposive, simple random, stratified-proportionate, and systematic sampling techniques). Adapted and confirmed curiosity, creativity, and academic motivation scales were used to gather the data for the study. Multiple linear regression was used to test the interrelationships. The study found that curiosity, creativity, and academic motivation predicted among themselves, where curiosity predicted higher, followed by creativity, and academic motivation. In this, curious behaviours, creative abilities, and motivation of students are related. It is recommended among others that the Ghana Education Service, in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Curriculum Developers, should harmonise curiosity, creativity, and motivation in the High School syllabus so that teachers can guide students to become curious, creative, and motivated.
Acquisition of collocations under different glossing modalities and the mediating role of learners’ perceptual learning style
Authors: Yuan Xin , Tang Xuan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The current study investigated how different glossing modalities (textual and auditory) and learners’ perceptual learning style (visual and auditory) influenced collocation learning. A total of 212 college students in China were first assigned to either a visual or auditory group based on their performance on a perceptual learning style questionnaire. Each style group was subsequently subdivided into three groups who were exposed to a series of reading texts containing 15 unknown collocations under one of the glossing conditions: textual glosses, auditory glosses or no glosses (control). Results of the study indicated that both textual, and that auditory glosses led to gains in productive and receptive collocation knowledge and auditory glosses were more effective than textual glosses. In addition, this study provided empirical evidence that perceptual learning style has a moderating effect on collocational learning. The auditory learners in the auditory glossing condition showed the highest rate of collocational learning among all treatment subgroups.
On groups with large verbal quotients
Authors: Lisi Francesca , Sabatini Luca 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Suppose that

w
=

w
⁢

(

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

)

w=w(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n})

is a word, i.e. an element of the free group

F
=

⟨

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

⟩

F=\langle x_{1},\ldots,x_{n}\rangle

.
The verbal subgroup

w
⁢

(
G
)

w(G)

of a group 𝐺 is the subgroup generated by the set

{

w
⁢

(

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

)

:

x
1

,
…
,

x
n

∈
G

}

\{w(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n}):x_{1},\ldots,x_{n}\in G\}

of all 𝑤-values in 𝐺.
Following J. González-Sánchez and B. Klopsch, a group 𝐺 is 𝑤-maximal if

|
H
:
w

(
H
)

|

<

|
G
:
w

(
G
)

|

\lvert H:w(H)\rvert<\lvert G:w(G)\rvert

for every

H
<
G

H<G

.
In this paper, we give new results on 𝑤-maximal groups, and study the weaker condition in which the previous inequality is not strict.
Some applications are given: for example, if a finite group has a solvable (resp. nilpotent) section of size 𝑛, then it has a solvable (resp. nilpotent) subgroup of size at least 𝑛.
The exact implementation of a spherical harmonic model for gravimetric quantities
Authors: Jekeli Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This note presents formulas to evaluate a spherical harmonic model of Earth’s gravitational potential for essential gravimetric quantities without spherical and linear approximation. Typically, 10–13 significant digits of numerical accuracy for such computations are obtained over the globe using EGM2008 with FORTRAN 77 code that is also provided.
What We Talk About When We Talk About the Duty of Care in Negligence Law: The Utah Supreme Court Sets an Example in Boynton v. Kennecott Utah Copper
Authors: Bublick Ellen M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Every day, state common law courts define the duty of care in negligence law. There is no formula for how courts should determine duty. Yet when judges are charged with important decisions about whether to open or shut the courthouse doors to whole categories of claimants, judges need some framework for decision. This article commends as an exemplar, the Utah Supreme Court’s decision in Boynton v. Kennicott Utah Copper, a take-home asbestos exposure case. The power of Boynton is not only the answer it provides, but also the coherent framework for analysis that Justice Constandinos Himonas’ opinion sets forth. The opinion’s framework incorporates established principles as well as important tort policies such as harm prevention. Boynton’s structure at once provides the stability and consistency of precedent befitting common law adjudication while also incorporating the public policy and pragmatic concerns that have long guided tort law’s development. Boynton’s framework achieves a similar result to the one in the Third Restatement—creating duty and no-duty rules with possibility of exception based on principle and policy factors. However, Boynton does so through traditional terminology that has aquired meaning through repeated historical application. Courts, scholars and students would be well advised to examine the Utah Supreme Court’s approach to duty analysis.
Competition Law in the E-Commerce Platforms Market Post-Pandemic: A Comparative Analysis of the European Union, China, and Malaysia
Authors: Ong Tze Chin , Lee Mei Fei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the global economy, resulting in increased digitalisation of commercial businesses. This has contributed positively to the global gross domestic product (GDP) in the post-pandemic era. However, studies have shown that the competition dynamic in the e-commerce platforms market creates new challenges that impact the fundamental rights of digital service users and the level playing field in the digital market. To overcome these challenges, it is crucial to prioritise competition law and policy in supporting digital economic recovery post-pandemic. In line with the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint and ASEAN Competition Action Plan 2025, Malaysia is part of the broader digital transformation plan in the ASEAN region that aims to standardise competition policies and laws in the digital market.
On a regional approach, the European Union adopted the Digital Markets Act which aims to complement existing competition laws codified under Articles 101 to 109 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to address the competition dynamic in the digital market. In China, the E-commerce Law was enacted in 2019 to complement the Anti-Monopoly Law in addressing the competition challenges in the e-commerce platforms market. In comparison, the competition law framework in the context of e-commerce platforms markets in Malaysia does not have the same level of coordination.
This research seeks to compare the general approaches taken in each of these jurisdictions to address fairness and contestability issues in terms of the assessment and enforcement towards enforcing their respective competition laws and policies. The research employs systematic content and qualitative comparative analysis based on relevant laws, reports, and scholarly articles. The analysis will demonstrate that despite the legal developments’ differences in each jurisdiction, it has been significant to address the recent rise of competition issues in the online platforms market to ensure a fairer and more contestable digital market.