bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between maternal cigarette smoking cessation and risk of preterm birth in Western New York
Authors: Zhu Kexin , Shelton James , Li Chan , Mendola Pauline , Barnabei Vanessa M. , Myneni Ajay A. , Giovino Gary A. , Stevens Rebeccah , Taylor Robert N. , Niu Zhongzheng , Mu Lina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many studies suggested the benefit of smoking cessation among pregnant women in reducing the risk of preterm birth (PTB), the timing of the effect of the cessation remains inconclusive.ObjectivesTo examine the association of trimester‐specific smoking cessation behaviours with PTB risk.MethodsWe included 199,453 live births in Western New York between 2004 and 2018. Based on self‐reported cigarette smoking during preconception and in each trimester, we created six mutually exclusive groups: non‐smokers, quitters in each trimester, those who smoked throughout pregnancy, and inconsistent smokers. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Poisson regression to examine the association between smoking cessation and PTB. Effect modification by illegal drug use, maternal age, race and ethnicity and pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was investigated multiplicatively by ratio of relative risk and additively by relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).ResultsOverall, 6.7% of women had a PTB; 14.1% smoked throughout pregnancy and 3.4%, 1.8% and 0.8% reported quitting smoking during the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. Compared to non‐smokers, third‐trimester cessation (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01, 1.43) and smoking throughout pregnancy (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.21, 1.33) were associated with a higher PTB risk, while quitting smoking during the first or second trimester, or inconsistent smoking was not associated with PTB. A positive additive interaction was identified for maternal age and late smoking cessation or smoking throughout pregnancy on PTB risk (RERI 0.17, 95% CI 0.00, 0.36), and a negative interaction was observed for pre‐pregnancy BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (ratio of relative risk 0.70, 95% CI 0.63, 0.78; RERI −0.42, 95% CI −0.56, −0.30).ConclusionCompared to non‐smokers, smoking throughout pregnancy and third‐trimester smoking cessation are associated with an increased risk of PTB, while quitting before the third trimester may not increase PTB risk.
Integrative multi‐omics analysis reveals the crucial biological pathways involved in the adaptive response to NaCl stress in peanut seedlings
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang He , Lv Zhenghao , Bai Baiyi , Ren Jingyao , Shi Xiaolong , Kang Shuli , Zhao Xinhua , Yu Haiqiu , Zhao Tianhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlant growth is restricted by salt stress, which is a significant abiotic factor, particularly during the seedling stage. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying peanut adaptation to salt stress by transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis during the seedling stage. In this study, phenotypic variations of FH23 and NH5, two peanut varieties with contrasting tolerance to salt, changed obviously, with the strongest differences observed at 24 h. FH23 leaves wilted and the membrane system was seriously damaged. A total of 1470 metabolites were identified, with flavonoids being the most common (21.22%). Multi‐omics analyses demonstrated that flavonoid biosynthesis (ko00941), isoflavones biosynthesis (ko00943), and plant hormone signal transduction (ko04075) were key metabolic pathways. The comparison of metabolites in isoflavone biosynthesis pathways of peanut varieties with different salt tolerant levels demonstrated that the accumulation of naringenin and formononetin may be the key metabolite leading to their different tolerance. Using our transcriptomic data, we identified three possible reasons for the difference in salt tolerance between the two varieties: (1) differential expression of LOC112715558 (HIDH) and LOC112709716 (HCT), (2) differential expression of LOC112719763 (PYR/PYL) and LOC112764051 (ABF) in the abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction pathway, then (3) differential expression of genes encoding JAZ proteins (LOC112696383 and LOC112790545). Key metabolites and candidate genes related to improving the salt tolerance in peanuts were screened to promote the study of the responses of peanuts to NaCl stress and guide their genetic improvement.
The determinants of legislation for radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF‐EMFs) with the onset of 5G: An empirical analysis with a worldwide cross‐sectional dataset
Authors: Recuero Virto Laura , Czerwiński Marek , Froidevaux Jérémy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe unprecedented exposure of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF‐EMF) to humans from mobile communications raises serious public concern about the possibility of unexpected adverse health effects and has stimulated authorities to adopt precautionary exposure limits. These limits are distinctly different across countries, and the causes of these differences are unclear from the literature. This article is the first empirical analysis on the determinants of RF‐EMF exposure legislation, using a novel cross‐sectional database of 164 countries worldwide. The analysis shows that decentralization and mobile competition in countries with low mobile network deployment tend to promote more stringent RF‐EMF exposure limits across the dataset with 164 countries. In more decentralized countries, the regions had a greater influence on national legislation and could accommodate local demands with the advent of mobile technology in the 2000s. In contrast, decentralization and mobile competition in countries with high levels of mobile network deployment tend to relax RF‐EMF exposure limits in the sample of 61 countries with fifth‐generation (5G) technology. Indeed, restrictive RF‐EMF exposure limits are constraining 5G deployment in a context of the widespread adoption of mobile‐broadband technologies. These results should be useful for policymakers and mobile operators alike to anticipate the outcome of legislation in countries that have yet to introduce 5G technology. The results should also be useful when reviewing policies and strategies for the implementation of the upcoming 6G technology in frequency bands that will be increasingly higher (above 6 GHz up to THz for very local usage), and hence where the health effects on humans are less well studied.
The impact of rural e‐commerce platforms on the transformation of industrial structure: Evidence from China
Authors: Hong Qianqian , Su Jie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of rural e‐commerce in China has caught the attention of economists around the world. Through incorporating rural e‐commerce platform into the general equilibrium model, this paper theoretically analyzes the impacts of rural e‐commerce platform on industrial structure and the potential mechanisms. Then, taking the exogenous policy of Comprehensive Demonstration of National E‐commerce into Rural Areas in China as a quasi‐experiment, this paper constructs a staggered difference‐in‐differences model to empirically examine how rural e‐commerce platforms affect the output proportion of nonagricultural sector with samples of 2305 counties in China from 2009 to 2019. The findings indicate that the construction of rural e‐commerce platform promotes the transformation of industrial structure through technological advances and reduction of transaction costs.
CREST syndrome diagnosed by oral lesions: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gilligan Gerardo , Leonardi Nicolás , Sambuelli Gabriela , Panico René 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCalcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia (CREST) syndrome is an acronym for the clinical features that are seen. Its etiology is unknown, affecting women three times more than men. CREST syndrome is often diagnosed by systemic symptoms. However, oral manifestations could be helpful in the early diagnosis of the disease. Less than 20 cases of CREST syndrome with oral symptoms were described.ObjectiveTo report a case of a 26‐year‐old female, who was diagnosed with CREST syndrome based on findings of the oral mucosa.Case reportClinical examination revealed sclerodactyly and nail alterations. Oral findings were associated with hypochromic and paleness mucosa. The tongue was strongly rigid and reddish areas compatible with telangiectasias were found. The mouth opening was particularly compromised. Histological findings were suggestive of systemic sclerosis in the context of CREST syndrome. Considering the available diagnosis criteria, this case was diagnosed as CREST syndrome based on oral manifestations.ConclusionsOral manifestations of CREST syndrome could help in early clinical diagnosis, preventing a delay in the onset of an aggressive form of the disease. Accurate referrals of patients to specialists are needed for a multidisciplinary approach.
Safety of Prolonged Exposure of Human Skin to Aqueous Ozone in a Test Hand Hygiene Model
Authors: Leon Brian R. , Lubitz Robert M. , Landsberger Sarah A. , Buckingham Hannah D. , Hiday Rachael A. , Bradner K. Nicole , Adaniya Catherine H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsThis research assessed the safety of aqueous ozone (AO) on human skin after multiple exposures for up to 40 hours.Methods and ResultsFull thickness recombinant human skin (EpiDerm FT, EFT‐400) was exposed to AO for 7 seconds per minute for the first 6 minutes of each hour, repeated hourly over four time periods (4, 10, 20 and 40 hours). An MTT assay assessed viability of skin cells after exposure, compared to incubator control, negative control and vehicle control (distilled water). No significant difference in tissue viability was found between the AO condition and any of the control conditions through 20 hours of exposures. At 40 hours of exposure, tissue viability was lower in the AO group when compared with negative control (p = 0.030) but not the other controls.ConclusionsThe current study supports further consideration of repeated application of AO on human skin, such as for hand hygiene.Impact StatementThe present research is the first well‐controlled in vitro study assessing the cytotoxicity of repeated exposures of AO on a full‐thickness human skin model. This information helps to inform the evaluation of AO as a potential alternative for hand and wound antisepsis.
An artificial neural network model for predicting volumetric mass transfer coefficient in the biological aeration unit
Authors: Muloiwa Mpho , Dinka Megersa Olumana , Nyende‐Byakika Stephen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe solubility of oxygen in a liquid is limited/restricted by the gas–liquid film that prevents gas from dissolving in wastewater. Oxygen in the biological aeration unit (BAU) is required by microorganisms to survive and eliminate organic and inorganic matter. This study developed a volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa) model using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm. The performance of the KLa model was evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). KLa model produced R2 (0.852), MSE (0.0006), and RMSE (0.0245) during the testing phase. Biomass concentration (22.29%), aeration period (20.55%), and temperature (19.63%) contributed the highest towards the KLa model. KLa model showed that the BAU should be operated at high temperatures (35°C), low biomass concentration (1.65 g/L), and low aeration period (1 h) instead of high airflow (30 L/min). Temperature should be included in the modelling of the BAU, to achieve optimum KLa.
Dynamic Behavior of an SOEC System With a Schedule-Based Start-Up and Operating Process
Authors: Lee Dongkeun , Kim Young Sang , Bae Yonggyun , Park Jin Young , Ahn Kook Young 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is recognized as a promising method for hydrogen production, attributed to its high efficiency. Steam is split into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis at high temperatures. Electrolysis is inherently an endothermic process; however, it can be transformed into an exothermic process depending on the operating voltage. During the start-up process, the heat reaction is observed to change from endothermic to exothermic around a thermoneutral voltage. In this study, a dynamic model of the solid oxide electrolyzer system was developed, and the behavior of the system during the start-up process was analyzed. A dynamic model of the stack was developed to investigate the behavior of cell temperature and current density. Furthermore, 1D models of heat exchangers and 0D models of blowers were developed and verified against experimental results. These components were systematically organized and simulated. The temperatures of the stack and components during a schedule-based start-up process were investigated. Additionally, the behavior during the load change process, shifting from an endothermic reaction to an exothermic reaction, was examined. It was found that to reach an operating condition above the thermoneutral voltage, additional heat is required for the stack due to its endothermic reaction. The effect of air on the stack was also found to be dependent on the operating voltage of the stack.
The Lymphatic Vascular System: Does Nonuniform Lymphangion Length Limit Flow-Rate?
Authors: Bertram C. D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA previously developed model of a lymphatic vessel as a chain of lymphangions was investigated to determine whether lymphangions of unequal length reduce pumping relative to a similar chain of equal-length ones. The model incorporates passive elastic and active contractile properties taken from ex vivo measurements, and intravascular lymphatic valves as transvalvular pressure-dependent resistances to flow with hysteresis and transmural pressure-dependent bias to the open state as observed experimentally. Coordination of lymphangion contractions is managed by marrying an autonomous transmural pressure-dependent pacemaker for each lymphangion with bidirectional transmission of activation signals between lymphangions, qualitatively matching empirical observations. With eight lymphangions as used here and many nonlinear constraints, the model is capable of complex outcomes. The expected flow-rate advantage conferred by longer lymphangions everywhere was confirmed. However, the anticipated advantage of uniform lymphangions over those of unequal length, compared in chains of equal overall length, was not found. A wide variety of dynamical outcomes was observed, with the most powerful determinant being the adverse pressure difference, rather than the arrangement of long and short lymphangions. This work suggests that the wide variation in lymphangion length which is commonly observed in collecting lymphatic vessels does not confer disadvantage in pumping lymph.
The Effect of Swirl Number on Lean Blow Out Limits of Lean Direct Injection Combustors
Authors: Aradhey Yogesh , Stroud Zachary , Meadows Joseph 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This is the first study where a single variable sweep of SN is conducted to assess its impact on lean blowout limits (LBO) in a liquid-fueled lean direct injection (LDI) combustor. This study uses a scaled NASA SV-LDI (Swirl Venturi—Lean Direct Injection) hardware and is concerned with the impact of swirl number on the lean blow-out limit of a single-element LDI system at atmospheric pressure. The swirl numbers (SN) were varied from 0.31 to 0.66 using continuously variable active swirl number control system that was developed in-house. It is shown that the minimum operating equivalence ratio is a linearly increasing function of swirl number. While previous literature agrees with the positive slope for this correlation, past work has suggested that the LBO limit is proportional to the swirler vane angle which is shown to be untrue for LDI systems. By actively varying the swirl number, it is proven that LBO is proportional to SN, and it is well known that SN is not proportional to swirler vane angle. Increased SN reduces LBO margin because the better-mixed, high swirl dilutes locally rich pockets of fuel–air mixture in a globally lean flow. In addition to a baseline venturi, which was scaled from NASA's geometry, two other venturis were tested. A low-pressure loss venturi with a large throat diameter showed poor blow-out performance whereas a parabolically profiled venturi improved LBO over the baseline for the same swirl number.
Identification of the Constitutive and Friction Models Parameters via a Multi-Objective Surrogate-Assisted Algorithm for the Modeling of Machining—Application to Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Orthogonal Cutting of Ti6Al4V
Authors: Ducobu F. , Kugalur-Palanisamy N. , Briffoteaux G. , Gobert M. , Tuyttens D. , Arrazola P. J. , Rivière-Lorphèvre E. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The evolution of high-performance computing facilitates the simulation of manufacturing processes. The prediction accuracy of a numerical model of the cutting process is closely associated with the selection of constitutive and friction models. The reliability and the accuracy of these models highly depend on the value of the parameters involved in the definition of the cutting process. Direct of inverse methods are used to determine these model parameters. However, these identification procedures often neglect the link between the parameters of the material and the friction models. This article introduces a novel approach to inversely identify the best parameters value for both models at the same time and by taking into account multiple cutting conditions in the optimization routine. An artificial intelligence (AI) framework that combines the finite element modeling with an adaptive Bayesian multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (AB-MOEA) is developed, where the objective is to minimize the deviation between the experimental and the numerical results. The arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation and the Ti6Al4V alloy are selected to demonstrate its applicability. The investigation shows that the developed AI platform can identify the best parameters values with low computational time and resources. The identified parameters values predicted the cutting and feed forces within a deviation of less than 4% from the experiments for all the cutting conditions considered in this work.
Greater Psychophysiological Intensities in Conditioned Games May Impair Technical Performance: An Exploratory Study in Youth Male Soccer Players
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The aim of this study was 2-fold: (1) to examine the relationships between psychophysiological responses and locomotor demands with variations in technical performance during 2v2 and 4v4 conditioned games and (2) to compare psychophysiological and locomotor responses among players exhibiting higher and lower technical performance levels during the conditioned games. Methods: Twenty-four male youth soccer players (16.3 ± 0.8 y old) participating at the trained/developmental level underwent monitoring for psychophysiological responses (including heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and visual analog scale), locomotor demands (such as distance covered), and technical performance variables (including successful and unsuccessful passes and shots, as well as lost balls) across 2v2 and 4v4 formats. These formats were applied 4 times within a single session and were replicated twice over 2 weeks. Results: Large correlations between the number of lost balls per minute and mean heart rate were found in both the 2v2 and 4v4 games (r = .586 and r = .665, respectively). Successful shots were inversely and largely correlated with mean heart rate (r = −.518) in 4v4 games. The number of interceptions per minute was inversely and significantly correlated with the visual analog scale in 2v2 and 4v4 games (r = −.455 and r = −.710, respectively). The frequency of lost balls was significantly higher among players who attained a higher mean heart rate (2v2: +42.9%, P = .031, d = −0.965; 4v4: +57.1%, P < .001, d = −2.072). Conclusions: Coaches should be aware that highly psychophysiologically demanding scenarios may significantly impair technical performance. Therefore, prioritizing technical performance by deliberately adjusting the intensity should be considered.
A gold speciation that adds a second layer to synergistic gold-copper toxicity in
Cupriavidus metallidurans
Authors: Hirth Niklas , Wiesemann Nicole , Krüger Stephanie , Gerlach Michelle-Sophie , Preußner Kilian , Galea Diana , Herzberg Martin , Große Cornelia , Nies Dietrich H. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The metal-resistant bacterium
Cupriavidus metallidurans
occurs in metal-rich environments. In auriferous soils, the bacterium is challenged by a mixture of copper ions and gold complexes, which exert synergistic toxicity. The previously used, self-made Au(III) solution caused a synergistic toxicity of copper and gold that was based on the inhibition of the CupA-mediated efflux of cytoplasmic Cu(I) by Au(I) in this cellular compartment. In this publication, the response of the bacterium to gold and copper was investigated by using a commercially available Au(III) solution instead of the self-made solution. The new solution was five times more toxic than the previously used one. Increased toxicity was accompanied by greater accumulation of gold atoms by the cells. The contribution of copper resistance determinants to the commercially available Au(III) solution and synergistic gold-copper toxicity was studied using single- and multiple-deletion mutants. The commercially available Au(III) solution inhibited periplasmic Cu(I) homeostasis, which is required for the allocation of copper ions to copper-dependent proteins in this compartment. The presence of the gene for the periplasmic Cu(I) and Au(I) oxidase, CopA, decreased the cellular copper and gold content. Transcriptional reporter gene fusions showed that up-regulation of
gig
, encoding a minor contributor to copper resistance, was strictly glutathione dependent. Glutathione was also required to resist synergistic gold-copper toxicity. The new data indicated a second layer of synergistic copper-gold toxicity caused by the commercial Au(III) solution, inhibition of the periplasmic copper homeostasis in addition to the cytoplasmic one.

IMPORTANCE

When living in auriferous soils,
Cupriavidus metallidurans
is not only confronted with synergistic toxicity of copper ions and gold complexes but also by different gold species. A previously used gold solution made by using
aqua regia
resulted in the formation of periplasmic gold nanoparticles, and the cells were protected against gold toxicity by the periplasmic Cu(I) and Au(I) oxidase CopA. To understand the role of different gold species in the environment, another Au(III) solution was commercially acquired. This compound was more toxic due to a higher accumulation of gold atoms by the cells and inhibition of periplasmic Cu(I) homeostasis. Thus, the geo-biochemical conditions might influence Au(III) speciation. The resulting Au(III) species may subsequently interact in different ways with
C. metallidurans
and its copper homeostasis system in the cytoplasm and periplasm. This study reveals that the geochemical conditions may decide whether bacteria are able to form gold nanoparticles or not.