bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycemia during hyperosmolar hyperglycemic crises is associated with long-term mortality
Authors: González-Vidal Tomás , Lambert Carmen , García Ana Victoria , Villa-Fernández Elsa , Pujante Pedro , Ares-Blanco Jessica , Menéndez Torre Edelmiro , Delgado-Álvarez Elías 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous research has indicated that hypoglycemia during hospitalization is a predictor of unfavorable outcomes in patients with diabetes. However, no studies have examined the long-term impact of hypoglycemia in adults admitted for hyperglycemic crises. The study was aimed to investigate the long-term implications of hypoglycemia during hyperosmolar hyperglycemic crises, particularly in terms of all-cause mortality.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 170 patients (82 men [48.2%], median age 72 years) admitted to a university hospital for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic crises, including pure hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states and hyperosmolar diabetic ketoacidoses. We separately investigated the prognostic significance of hypoglycemia on mortality during the initial intravenous insulin therapy phase and during the later subcutaneous insulin therapy phase, both during hospitalization and in the long term (median follow-up, 652 days; range 2–3460 days).

Results
Both hypoglycemia during the initial intravenous insulin therapy phase (observed in 26.5% of patients) and hypoglycemia during the later subcutaneous insulin therapy phase (observed in 52.7% of patients) were associated with long-term mortality. After adjusting for potential confounders, hypoglycemia during the initial intravenous insulin therapy phase remained associated with mortality (hazard ratio 2.10, 95% CI 1.27–3.46, p = 0.004).

Conclusions
Hypoglycemia during hyperosmolar hyperglycemic crises is a marker of long-term mortality, especially when it occurs during the initial intravenous insulin therapy phase.
Polycomb repressive complex 2 and its core component EZH2: potential targeted therapeutic strategies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Yuxi , Song Zhengzheng , Fang Xiaodan , Tang Zhangui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe polycomb group (PcG) comprises a set of proteins that exert epigenetic regulatory effects and play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, ranging from pluripotency and development to carcinogenesis. Among these proteins, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) stands out as a catalytic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which plays a role in regulating the expression of homologous (Hox) genes and initial stages of x chromosome inactivation. In numerous human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), EZH2 is frequently overexpressed or activated and has been identified as a negative prognostic factor. Notably, EZH2 emerges as a significant gene involved in regulating the STAT3/HOTAIR axis, influencing HNSCC proliferation, differentiation, and promoting metastasis by modulating related oncogenes in oral cancer. Currently, various small molecule compounds have been developed as inhibitors specifically targeting EZH2 and have gained approval for treating refractory tumors. In this review, we delve into the epigenetic regulation mediated by EZH2/PRC2 in HNSCC, with a specific focus on exploring the potential roles and mechanisms of EZH2, its crucial contribution to targeted drug therapy, and its association with cancer markers and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, we aim to unravel its potential as a therapeutic strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Substantial viral diversity in bats and rodents from East Africa: insights into evolution, recombination, and cocirculation
Authors: Wang Daxi , Yang Xinglou , Ren Zirui , Hu Ben , Zhao Hailong , Yang Kaixin , Shi Peibo , Zhang Zhipeng , Feng Qikai , Nawenja Carol Vannesa , Obanda Vincent , Robert Kityo , Nalikka Betty , Waruhiu Cecilia Njeri , Ochola Griphin Ochieng , Onyuok Samson Omondi , Ochieng Harold , Li Bei , Zhu Yan , Si Haorui , Yin Jiefang , Kristiansen Karsten , Jin Xin , Xu Xun , Xiao Minfeng , Agwanda Bernard , Ommeh Sheila , Li Junhua , Shi Zheng-Li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Zoonotic viruses cause substantial public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide. Understanding how viruses evolve and spread within and among wildlife species is a critical step when aiming for proactive identification of viral threats to prevent future pandemics. Despite the many proposed factors influencing viral diversity, the genomic diversity and structure of viral communities in East Africa are largely unknown.

Results
Using 38.3 Tb of metatranscriptomic data obtained via ultradeep sequencing, we screened vertebrate-associated viromes from 844 bats and 250 rodents from Kenya and Uganda collected from the wild. The 251 vertebrate-associated viral genomes of bats (212) and rodents (39) revealed the vast diversity, host-related variability, and high geographic specificity of viruses in East Africa. Among the surveyed viral families, Coronaviridae and Circoviridae showed low host specificity, high conservation of replication-associated proteins, high divergence among viral entry proteins, and frequent recombination. Despite major dispersal limitations, recurrent mutations, cocirculation, and occasional gene flow contribute to the high local diversity of viral genomes.

Conclusions
The present study not only shows the landscape of bat and rodent viromes in this zoonotic hotspot but also reveals genomic signatures driven by the evolution and dispersal of the viral community, laying solid groundwork for future proactive surveillance of emerging zoonotic pathogens in wildlife.
Sex-specific prevalence and correlates of possible undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea in rural Canada
Authors: Zaman Ishita B. , Janzen Bonnie , Karunanayake Chandima , Dosman James A. , Pahwa Punam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has been under-investigated in rural communities, particularly through a sex/gender lens. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of OSA risk among rural-dwelling women and men in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Methods
Participants for this cross-sectional study were 2340 women and 2030 men living in rural Saskatchewan, Canada and were without a prior diagnosis of OSA. The dependent variable, OSA risk, was estimated from self-reported symptoms of OSA and percentage body fat. Independent variables included socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviors, comorbidities, and quality of life indicators. Multivariable logistic regression was the primary statistical technique employed, conducted separately for women and men.

Results
A greater proportion of men (30.1%) than women (19.4%) were at high risk of OSA. While many of the correlates of OSA risk were similar for women and men, sex differences emerged for marital status, educational attainment, financial strain, depression, asthma, and perceptions of community support.

Conclusion
A sizable minority of rural women and men may have possible undiagnosed OSA, which in turn, is associated with substantial comorbidity and reduced quality of life. Additional research with enhanced measurement and a longitudinal design is required to test the veracity of these findings and further clarify the role of sex/gender in relation to OSA risk in rural adults.
Colonoscopy-assisted removal of an impaction foreign body at the rectosigmoid junction: A case report
Authors: Zhou Peng-Fei , Lu Jin-Gen , Zhang Jia-Dong , Wang Jia-Wen 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
When an anorectal foreign body is found, its composition and shape should be evaluated, and a timely and effective treatment plan should be developed based on the patient's symptoms to avoid serious complications such as intestinal perforation caused by displacement of the foreign body.
CASE SUMMARY
A 54-year-old male was admitted to our outpatient clinic on June 3, 2023, due to a rectal foreign body that had been embedded for more than 24 h. The patient reported using a glass electrode tube to assist in the recovery of prolapsed hemorrhoids, however, the electrode tube was inadvertently inserted into the anus and could not be removed by the patient. During hospitalization, the patient underwent surgery, and the foreign body was dragged into the rectum with the aid of colonoscopy. The anus was dilated with a comb-type pulling hook and an anal fistula pulling hook to widen the anus and remove the foreign body, and the local anal symptoms were then relieved with topical drugs. The patient was allowed to eat and drink, and an entire abdominal Computed tomography (CT) and colonoscopy were reviewed 3 d after surgery. CT revealed no foreign body residue and colonoscopy showed no metal or other residues in the colon and rectum, and no apparent intestinal tract damage.
CONCLUSION
The timeliness and rationality of the surgical and therapeutic options for this patient were based on a literature review of the clinical signs and conceivable conditions in such cases. The type, material and the potential risks of rectal foreign bodies should be considered.
Teacher SEL Space: Addressing Beginning Teachers’ Social Emotional Learning in a Support Group Structure
Authors: Martin Peter Clyde 
Published: April 2024

There is evidence that ongoing social emotional learning (SEL) needs among teachers negatively impact teacher retention and student learning. At the same time, teachers’ SEL has been insufficiently addressed in teacher preparation. As a consequence, preservice and early-career teachers often lack the tools, perspective, and support to address their own SEL needs. The article describes a pilot project where current candidates and recent graduates in a teacher preparation program came together in an ongoing support group structure to share struggles, successes, and initiatives, support and advise each other, and reflect on their ongoing journey. After a review of the literature on teachers’ SEL needs, gaps and models in teacher preparation, and the potential benefits of support groups, data from the pilot “SEL Space” meetings are presented and discussed, with an emphasis on thematic patterns, evolution over time, and participants’ reflection on the process. Implications for practice and research are presented.
An unknottedness result for noncompact self-shrinkers
Authors: Mramor Alexander 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this article, we extend an unknottedness theorem for compact self-shrinkers to the mean curvature flow to shrinkers with finite topology and one asymptotically conical end, which conjecturally comprises the entire set of self-shrinkers with finite topology and one end.
The mean curvature flow itself is used in the argument presented.
Transnational Private Regulation of Environmental Sustainability through Commercial Contracts. Reassessing Contractual Governance in Global Supply Chains
Authors: Cafaggi Fabrizio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sustainability standards are integrated and applied in global supply chains through transnational commercial contracts that have come to play a regulatory function in addition to the conventional exchange task. The design of the architecture of contracting, the coordination among contracts, and the content of sustainability terms along the chain is the result of the cooperation of different actors, led by one or more transnational corporations. The paper describes the distribution of private regulatory power according to the structures of the chains- hierarchical, relational, market -and its impact on the compliance with sustainability standards. It considers the qualification system that regulates entry, exit, and permanence in the chain and the Suppliers codes and General principles of sustainability specified in the general terms and conditions. These represent complementary direct and indirect private regulatory instruments that can be deployed to ensure compliance. The choice of instruments depends on the distribution of regulatory power among the private actors and their exercise. Privity of contract makes it often difficult if not impossible direct regulation by the chain leader and obliges decentralization of regulatory power. The analysis shows that only the complementarity between the two sets of instruments enables control of compliance in complex chains whose actors operate across different jurisdictions with the use of sanctioning and remedial powers. The article analyzes how26 principles of effectiveness, proportionality and dissuasiveness may contribute to a fair and non discriminatory exercise of private regulatory power related to the implementation of sustainability standards through contracts.
Choosing between Cyrillic and Latin for linguistic citizenship in contemporary Serbia
Authors: Albury-Garcés Nathan John 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Both the Cyrillic and Latin scripts are routinely used for writing in Serbian. In existing ideological discourses, using Cyrillic is associated by some with Serbian ethnic authenticity and loyalty to nationhood, but by others with conservatism, Russian-leaning politics and dangerous ethnonationalism. For some, using Latin is associated with cosmopolitanism and a western-leaning internationalisation, but for others with an assault on Serbian heritage, values and tradition. In this context, with which script do Serbians today most closely affiliate and does established ideological discourse actually inform script choices? By seeing this affiliation as linguistic citizenship, the paper analyses survey data and metalinguistic explanations about which script Serbians choose to represent their own names as the most personal of identities. The data show that while some simply write their name in either script depending on habit, younger Serbians, and Serbians outside metropolitan areas, seemingly bias Cyrillic for ethnonationalist reasons as discourse predicts. However, especially revealing is that linguistic citizenship among older Serbians is sooner mediated by lingering notions of Yugoslavia and Serbo-Croatian as country and language that no longer exist but once indexed ideals of equality and harmony in the region.
Pozelimab, a human monoclonal immunoglobulin for the treatment of CHAPLE disease
Authors: Kaur Manmeet , Misra Saurav 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The complement is a crucial factor of the innate immune system. However, its activation can lead to various diseases, so it needs to be controlled. In mammals, surface-bound complement regulatory proteins safeguard cells from uncontrolled complement-mediated lysis. One of the human complement regulators is CD55, also known as the decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a single-chain, type I cell surface protein anchored to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). The genetic loss of the complement regulatory protein CD55 leads to a fatal illness known as CHAPLE disease. The complement and innate immunity become hyperactive in this disease, causing angiopathic thrombosis and protein-losing enteropathy. Patients with CHAPLE disease experience abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, impaired growth, and swelling. This genetic condition has no known cure, and managing its symptoms can be challenging. Pozelimab, a human monoclonal immunoglobulin IgG4 antibody, is a drug that targets the terminal complement protein C5. The drug has a high affinity for both wild-type and variant human C5. Pozelimab has received designations such as fast track, orphan drug, and rare pediatric disease, making it a significant medical breakthrough. It is currently the only available treatment for this disease. In this review, we have summarized the preclinical and clinical data on pozelimab.
Academic writing and identity: evaluative discourse in academic papers across cohorts of 20th century linguists
Authors: Guerra Lyons Jesús David , Concu Valentina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Using a cohort sequential quantitative design and evaluative features drawn from Systemic Functional Grammar, this study investigates diachronic variation in linguists’ use of evaluation to perform scholarly identities in English academic writing. More specifically, it focuses on the use of statements, commands, modality, comment assessment, and positive and negative lexis, in early and late career papers from 30 linguists born between 1905 and 1960. These linguists were grouped into three cohorts based on year of birth and studied in terms of variation along developmental and cross-generational timescales. Within the developmental timescale, scholars were found to use more evaluation in early career writing than in late career writing. Cohort-specific developmental changes are identified in the frequency of modality and comment assessment. Developmental and cohort-specific trends are found to occur within the backdrop of an overall decrease in the use of evaluative language within the discipline. Results point to a complex diachronic model of academic identity enactment in writing, whereby evaluative features pattern in similar or different ways depending on the timescale considered.
Developing a standard in lower-class Scottish writing: pauper petitions as a source for nineteenth-century lower-class Scottish language
Authors: Groot Hester 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The anglicisation of Scottish writing, a development in which the features of the previously high-status Scots language variety became marginalised and proscribed in favour of prestige Standard English variants, is typically dated by scholars to the sixteenth through eighteenth century. The effect of anglicisation on upper- and middle-class Scottish authors’ written language has been attested in numerous studies; however, how the metalinguistic ideologies of the time affected the language of the Scottish lower classes has long remained underinvestigated. This study makes use of the recent publication of a corpus of lower-class Scottish writing from the nineteenth century – the Corpus of Scottish Pauper Petitions – to investigate the effect of prescriptivism on lower-class Scottish writing as documented in nineteenth-century pauper petitions. The materials are placed side-by-side with the writings of upper- and middle-class Scottish people during this period, taken from the Corpus of Modern Scottish Writing. This study, which investigates both overt and covert Scotticisms by drawing respectively on usage guides by contemporaneous prescriptivists and works by modern linguists, takes a ‘from below’ approach to Scotland’s linguistic history and represents a new step in our understanding of the development of historical Scottish writing.
The crystal structure of 1-(3-carboxypropyl)-1H-imidazole-3-oxide, C7H10N2O3
Authors: Le Song , Dan He , Wanghua Hu , LiZhen Chen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C7H10N2O3, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 8.8611(4) Å, b = 13.8991(7) Å, c = 7.7194(5) Å, β = 124.527(1)°, V = 783.27(7) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0493, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1257, T = 170 K.
Comprensión Lectora en Pantalla: Una Propuesta Educativa de Software Libre
Authors: Maina Melisa , Basel Valentín 
Published: April 2024

La creciente digitalización de la vida social ha modificado sustancialmente las prácticas cotidianas, incluyendo los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la lectura digital en una comunidad educativa de software libre. La experiencia se llevó a cabo el 22 de abril de 2023 en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina) con niñas y niños de diversas edades en el Festival Latinoamericano de Instalación de Software Libre. A partir de una metodología cualitativa, con la incorporación de algunas herramientas etnográficas, se relevaron datos de las situaciones de lectura observadas en la intervención. Utilizamos los siguientes fundamentos teóricos: narrativas lúdicas y videojuegos, lectura digital en un contexto híbrido (convivencia papel y pantalla) y software libre en educación. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados con los procedimientos de la teoría fundamentada para construir las siguientes categorías de análisis de la comprensión lectora digital de las infancias: comprensión literal, comprensión inferencial, comprensión inferencial de los elementos literarios y comprensión de la estructura lúdica. Concluimos que la lectura en pantalla mediada por software libre evidencia una complejidad cognitiva que permite la revisión crítica de la influencia de las GAFAM en la comunidad educativa y que beneficia el fortalecimiento de la malla cultural.
The Concept of Akrasia in D. Husak’s Theory of Criminal Responsibility and the Advantages of Its Alternative
Authors: Šataitis Gediminas 
Published: April 2024

This article explores two concepts of akrasia and their relation to the ascription of responsibility in Douglas Husak’s theory of criminal responsibility. Ever since Plato’s Protagoras, the problem of akrasia has been tightly related to the issue of moral knowledge. By using influential texts of ancient and Christian ethics, as well as contemporary research on akratic behavior, this article outlines a different conception of akrasia, one that is based on intrapersonal conflict. In his theory, Husak employs the concept of akrasia related to moral knowledge-ignorance, albeit sourcing its presuppositions from contemporary skeptics rather than from ancient philosophy. Yet, Husak’s theory is not skeptical. The article highlights the main drawbacks of this theory. These drawbacks are grounded in Husak’s conception of the akratic agent and the ascription of responsibility to such an agent. Their analysis reveals the advantages of the concept of akrasia based on intrapersonal conflict for constructing a non-skeptical theory of criminal responsibility.
Тележурналістика під час повномасштабної війни: аналіз контенту українських медіа про російську-українську війну
Authors: Putsyata Iryna 
Published: April 2024

У статті проведено комплексний аналіз телевізійного контенту про російсько-українську війну, трансльованого на всеукраїнських каналах, з метою визначення ролі журналістики у відображенні російсько-української війни.
Підкреслено суттєву трансформацію інформаційних пріоритетів і методик подання інформації в період війни. Основна увага зосереджена на аналізі діяльності всеукраїнських телеканалів, які активно висвітлюють події на фронті. Виявлено, що в умовах повномасштабного вторгнення тележурналістика зазнала суттєвих змін у контенті та редакційній політиці. Основні напрямки висвітлення містять деталізацію воєнних подій, гуманітарних криз, міжнародної політики та внутрішніх реформ. Зміна пріоритетів відбилася в зростанні значущості нових джерел інформації та переорієнтації стратегій репортажу в умовах адаптації медіа до швидкозмінних умов кризового періоду.
Розглянуто фундаментальні зміни в стратегіях створення контенту та кураторства телепрограм, де основним вектором стає досягнення перемоги та національної єдності.
Детально проаналізовано ініціативи медіагруп: інформаційні марафони та різноманітні проєкти, спрямовані на підтримку морального духу громадян. Окрема увага приділена зміні контенту на телеканалах, разом із сімейними розважальними та культурними програмами, які надають глядачам психологічну розрядку та допомогу у впорядкуванні зі стресом, пов’язаним з війною.
Зазначено важливість програми «Єдині новини» в інформуванні громадськості, впливу на настрої та думки глядачів. Програма має різноманітні джерела інформації та впливає на формування громадської думки в умовах російсько-української війни.
Проаналізовано реакції аудиторії, зокрема в соціальних мережах, де значна частина коментарів була позитивною: люди висловлюють вдячність за об’єктивне та своєчасне інформування.
У дослідженні підкреслено критичну роль журналістики у відображенні російсько-української війни, вказано на її вплив та суспільну реакцію на кризові події. Це підтверджує, що журналістика не тільки відіграє роль інформаційного мосту між подіями та громадськістю, але й активно формує громадську думку, забезпечуючи суспільству всебічне розуміння ситуації.