bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Transfemorally Delivered Endovascular Graft for Treatment of Aortic Aneurysms in a Canine Model
Authors: Gillespie David L. , Arbid Elias J. , Faxon David P. , Cody Colleen , Menzoian James O. 
Published: November 2007

Advances in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease by transluminal angioplasty and intra-arterial stenting have led to the development of a transfemoral endovascular approach to the treatment of aortic aneurysmal disease. The authors investigated this technique using an endovascular graft employing self-expanding anchors for the exclusion of infrarenal aortic aneurysms. They investigated the technique of transfemoral endovascular aortic grafting in 13 male mongrel dogs weighing an average of 30 kg. Eleven animals had fusiform infrarenal aortic aneurysm models created. One week to three months after surgery all animals underwent midstream aortography under general anesthesia to examine aneurysm morphology. A 14 French catheter was introduced through the right common femoral artery, and under fluoroscopic guidance the endovascular graft was delivered in an infrarenal aortic position. Completion aortography was then performed to confirm placement. They tested two endovascular graft prototypes. The first employed a proximal anchor attached to the graft and a separately delivered distal anchor. Successful graft delivery was achieved in five of six attempts. Unsuccessful graft delivery occurred in 1 case because of an inability to negotiate aneurysm tortuosity. After delivery graft twisting occurred in 1 case and graft invagination occurred in 2 others upon the attempt to deliver the distal anchor. Successful exclusion was achieved in 3 of 4 remaining cases with an aneurysm model using this prototype. The second prototype employing proximal and distal anchors attached to the graft was successfully deployed in seven of seven attempts. Successful aneurysm exclusion was achieved in 5 of these 7 cases. Failure to exclude the aneurysm neck occurred in 2 cases. In this preliminary study the authors found the concept of endovascular delivery of a self-anchoring tube graft to be feasible. The optimal delivery system is flexible and possesses a small outer diameter to allow a transfemoral approach through moder ately tortuous iliac arteries. Accurate delivery is aided by intermittent fluoroscopic examination. Doubly anchored grafts are necessary to ensure aneurysm exclusion and prevent graft twisting. Self expanding anchors allow simple endovascular graft deploy ment in a single pass. Continued animal investigation into the fate of aortic side branches, distal embolization, and graft migration is necessary to ensure the eventual success of this technique.
Minimally Invasive Vein Harvesting: A Comparison of Endoscopic Versus Traditional Open Saphenectomy
Authors: Matsuura John H. , Dattilo Jeffery B. , Poletti Lawrence F. , Cohen I. Kelman , Posner Marc P. , Makhoul Raymond G. 
Published: November 2007

The greater saphenous vein (SV) is the conduit of choice for coronary and infrapopliteal revascularization procedures. Unfortunately, to harvest an SV it is often necessary to make an incision the length of the leg, and this is associated with a significant incidence of wound complications. Minimally invasive procedures have several advantages including reduced incidence of wound complications, decreased hospital length of stay, and, therefore, health-care savings. Currently, little information is available that compares traditional open saphenectomy (OS) versus a minimally invasive procedure, endoscopic saphenectomy (ES). The purpose of this study was to compare SV harvest time, incision length, and harvested vein quality between the OS and ES techniques in six nonpreserved cadavers. Each limb was randomly selected for either OS or ES. The length of incision, number of SV leaks after harvest, length of SV, and time required for harvest were recorded for each technique. (continued on next page) The table summarizes the findings of the cadaver dissections. Per limb, no difference was noted in vein harvest length or number of leaks between OS and ES. A significant reduction was found in incision length for ES (14.4 ±1.4 cm per limb), but the time required for OS was significantly shorter (P=0.01). This study suggests an equivalent length of SV can be harvested with either OS or ES techniques; however, with the ES technique there is a reduction in incision length and, therefore, a less morbid operative technique.
Evaluation of Pressure Gradients and Variability Following Unna Boot Application
Authors: Molina Hector G. , Chung Jiyearn , Cabellon Paul C. , Simsir Sinan A. , Kohlman-Trigoboff Debra , Smith Bruce M. 
Published: November 2007

The authors evaluated subbandage pressures generated by a standardized compression bandaging technique. Subbandage pressure was determined following paste-gauze appli cation to an artificial leg by use of air-filled bladders coupled to a pressure transducer. Mean pressures and ankle-to-knee pressure gradients were calculated. The mean vari ability in pressure at each position was also determined. Mean pressures in torr (±SD) along the leg are shown in the table (n=27). Mean knee pressures were significantly less than those at the ankle on the medial and lateral sides of the leg (P<0.004 and P<0.02, respectively). Variations in pressure generated by each wrapper over three trials were not significant. A three-layered compression bandaging technique was used to create a moderate pressure gradient from ankle to knee. The effectiveness of compression bandaging does not necessarily depend on the generation of high subbandage pressures.
Banking and Distribution of Large Cryopreserved Arterial Homografts in Brussels: Assessment of 4 Years of Activity by the European Homograft Bank (EHB) with Reference to Implantation Results in Reconstruction of Infected Infrarenal Arterial Prostheses and Mycotic Aneurysms
Authors: Goffin Y.A. , Grandmougin D. , Wozniak G. , Keppenne V. , Nevelsteen A. , Vogt P. , Van Damme H. , Stankowiak C. , Dapper F. , De Geest R. , Deuvaert Fr. , Van Hoeck B. 
Published: November 2007

In 1991 European Homograft Bank (EHB) initiated a program of cryopreservation and distribution of large arteries to meet a new demand for quality-controlled arterial homo grafts of various sizes. From May 1991 to June 1995, 308 arteries have been registered from 136 donors: 122 brain death cases and 14 cadavers (mean age 34 years, male/female ratio 1.52/1); 263 arteries were cryopreserved (113 aortas, 64 aortic bifur cations, and 86 femoral); 19 were discarded for atherosclerosis (6.7%); 10 batches of arteries were partially or totally discarded because of persistent contamination and further eight batches for positive or doubtful viral serology. One hundred patients were treated in nine European centers with one (N = 69) or more EHB homografts. Indications were: infected prosthesis 70 (17 with aortoenteric fistula); mycotic aneurysm 19 (four ascending aortas, two with bronchial fistula); neoplastic infiltration of subrenal aorta one; extracardiac reconstructions/shunts 10. (continued on next page) (Abstract continued) Results from homograft reconstructions in infected prosthesis or mycotic aneurysm were available in 90 patients. There were 19 early deaths and 24 early complications, three were directly graft-related and included a fatal case of homograft rupture. Sixty- seven vascular cases were followed up from 1 month onward (mean: 16 months): 50 were uneventful; there were nine late deaths, of which two resulted from graft-related digestive hemorrhage; there were eight cases of late complications; three arteries were partly explanted as a result of focal thrombosis. Four patients were lost to follow-up. In the cases of aortoenteric fistula, however, the results were disappointing with only five late survivors of the 16 treated patients. Finally, these results show that cryopreserved arteries seem to perform as well in the midterm as the fresh ones. Both the banking activity of cryopreserved homografts and the short- to mid-term performances of the implants in cases of prosthetic or native arterial infection are very satisfactory, provided no aortoenteric fistula is present. Cryopreserved arteries can also be used for extracardiac shunts and reconstructions.
Space debris — an insurance perspective
Authors: Hall G E 
Published: November 2007

The current article forms an introduction for the engineering community to space insurance and the way insurers view the space debris hazard. Insurance for space missions has developed and matured over the decades and is nowroutinely available for most missions, though only some are insured. Policies that cover accidental damage in the pre-launch phases; launch and a period in-orbit; and follow-on in-orbit insurance are taken out by those wanting to transfer their risk exposures to the insurance community. These include spacecraft manufacturers, spacecraft owner-operators, users of spacecraft payloads, and launch service providers. Liabilities to third parties can also be covered by insurance. National and international law (e.g. UN Treaties) determine such matters. Under the UN Liability Convention, the Launching State is ultimately liable. Through licensing and contracts the Launching State transfers its liabilities to the launch service providers and spacecraft owner-operators. In turn, these insure their own liabilities. The risk of space debris damage is included as one of many environmental hazards. In an insurance context, space debris includes man-made objects/fragments, and naturally occurring objects, both in-orbit and entering/re-entering to earth. It also includes debris from launchers and stages that explode or otherwise do not reach orbit. All objects of whatever origin can cause damage or injury as they return through air-space to land or sea. While there have been instances of debris impact on spacecraft in-orbit, so far, none has resulted in an insured loss. Insurance is a reactive enterprise, and if a total loss claim attributed to debris impact were to arrive in the market, it would adversely affect the cost and availability of insurance. Tracing the cause (debris impact) to a particular man-made space object is difficult, but not impossible. If done successfully, this could result in a claim against the Launching State of that object. Insurers always stay aware of the extent and the orbital distribution of space debris, as well as the possibility that debris damage may be traceable to an identifiable man-made object. Their stance is to keep an informed watching brief on the subject.
Demographic History Has Influenced Nucleotide Diversity in EuropeanPinus sylvestrisPopulations
Authors: Pyhäjärvi Tanja , García-Gil M Rosario , Knürr Timo , Mikkonen Merja , Wachowiak Witold , Savolainen Outi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractTo infer the role of natural selection in shaping standing genetic diversity, it is necessary to assess the genomewide impact of demographic history on nucleotide diversity. In this study we analyzed sequence diversity of 16 nuclear loci in eight Pinus sylvestris populations. Populations were divided into four geographical groups on the basis of their current location and the geographical history of the region: northern Europe, central Europe, Spain, and Turkey. There were no among-group differences in the level of silent nucleotide diversity, which was ∼0.005/bp in all groups. There was some evidence that linkage disequilibrium extended further in northern Europe than in central Europe: the estimates of the population recombination rate parameter, ρ, were 0.0064 and 0.0294, respectively. The summary statistics of nucleotide diversity in central and northern European populations were compatible with an ancient bottleneck rather than the standard neutral model.
Heterosis for Biomass-Related Traits in Arabidopsis Investigated by Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis of the Triple Testcross Design With Recombinant Inbred Lines
Authors: Kusterer Barbara , Piepho Hans-Peter , Utz H Friedrich , Schön Chris C , Muminovic Jasmina , Meyer Rhonda C , Altmann Thomas , Melchinger Albrecht E 
Published: November 2007

AbstractArabidopsis thaliana has emerged as a leading model species in plant genetics and functional genomics including research on the genetic causes of heterosis. We applied a triple testcross (TTC) design and a novel biometrical approach to identify and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) for heterosis of five biomass-related traits by (i) estimating the number, genomic positions, and genetic effects of heterotic QTL, (ii) characterizing their mode of gene action, and (iii) testing for presence of epistatic effects by a genomewide scan and marker × marker interactions. In total, 234 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis hybrid C24 × Col-0 were crossed to both parental lines and their F1 and analyzed with 110 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. QTL analyses were conducted using linear transformations Z1, Z2, and Z3 calculated from the adjusted entry means of TTC progenies. With Z1, we detected 12 QTL displaying augmented additive effects. With Z2, we mapped six QTL for augmented dominance effects. A one-dimensional genome scan with Z3 revealed two genomic regions with significantly negative dominance × additive epistatic effects. Two-way analyses of variance between marker pairs revealed nine digenic epistatic interactions: six reflecting dominance × dominance effects with variable sign and three reflecting additive × additive effects with positive sign. We conclude that heterosis for biomass-related traits in Arabidopsis has a polygenic basis with overdominance and/or epistasis being presumably the main types of gene action.
La rime d'après le Dictionnaire des rimes de Lanoue (1596)
Authors: Morin Yves-Charles 
Published: November 2007

Y.-C. Morin
This essay examines the rhyme-system of 16th century French as presented by Lanoue (1596) in his rhyming dictionary — certainly the most precise and extensive rhyming dictionary in the history of French — and how it evolved from a strictly phonetic system into the « classical rhyme », a system depending more and more heavily on stereotyped interpretations of a stabilizing conventional spelling, as poets tried to maintain distinctions no longer existing in the language.
Passé simple, et imparfait : un couple mal assorti
Authors: Vetters Carl 
Published: November 2007

C. Vetters
The simple past (SP) and the imperfect (IMP) are generally considered to be two members of a binary opposition. Analyses of the use of these tenses can be divided into two paradigms : on the one hand, an aspectual explanation, and on the other, a discursive alternative which holds that the use of the two tenses is determined by principles such as foreground / background, given / new or setting / change. However, neither of the two paradigms succeeds in giving a satisfactory description of the opposition SP/IMP. The solution proposed here combines the two paradigms : I show that SP and IMP do not constitute a true « couple » ; rather, their fundamental meanings are situated on different levels, that of the SP on the level of sentential aspect, and that of the IMP on the level of textual construction.
Manifestations de la catégorie du médiatif dans les temps du français
Authors: Zlatka Guentcheva 
Published: November 2007

Zlatka Guentcheva : « Evidential values of the French tense system »
A great number of languages encode by means of grammatical markers the speaker's distance with respect to the situation expressed by the proposition : the speaker explicitly signals that his information is derived from general reputation, hearsay, inferences , reasoning. . . Although French is not traditionally thought of as a language endowed with an evidential system, several temporal forms (especially the conditionnel, the passé composé and the présent) can take evidential meanings. This paper presents some comments on the phenomenon.
« Intérêt » et ses dérivés au croisement de divers réseaux lexico-sémantiques
Authors: Picoche Jacqueline 
Published: November 2007

Jacqueline Picoche : « Intérêt et ses dérivés au croisement de divers réseaux lexico- sémantiques »
In his article, the author tries to apply the various methods of lexical semantics to a very coherent family of abstract words with a high use frequency. She notably unfolds the methods which she initiated, such as the actantial field and power-signifié. She gives evidences against a homonymie treatment of those items which she thinks of as polysems whose various acceptations can be classified according to a continuum on a single kine- tism, although everyone of them has its pecular outline.
Tropes et sémantique linguistique
Authors: Rastier François 
Published: November 2007

François Rastier, Tropes and Semantic Linguistics
The tradition of linguistics has reduced rhetoric to tropes. Until now, it has defined figurative sense as a deviation from proper or literal sense, thus highlighting ontological concerne typical of western metaphysics. For descriptive semantics, the trope problem becomes the problem of interpretative paths, ruled by perceptive and hermeneutical constraints. These paths allow the building of semantic shapes and backgrounds.
L'évolution sémantique et pragmatique des adverbes déictiques ici, là et là-bas
Authors: Smith John Charles 
Published: November 2007

John Charles Smith : « L'évolution sémantique et pragmatique des adverbes déictiques ici, là, et là-bas »
The semantic and pragmatic value of the French deictic adverbs ici, là, and là-bas has changed significantly between the pre-Classical language and the present day. The development of these items involves subjectification — a tendency for meanings « to become increasingly situated in the speakers subjective belief state or attitude towards the proposition ». At the same time, the data enable us to conclude that semantic change involving metaphor takes place within a « window » , and that forms can be affected by a given change only if they exist during the relevant period.
Les variantes dans le nouveau Petit Robert 1993
Authors: Rey-Debove Josette , Lebeau-Bensa Béatrice 
Published: November 2007

J. Rey-Debove, B. Lebeau-Bensa : Spelling Variants in the new Petit Robert 1993
The wish to control variants in the latest edition of the Petit Robert is not only to make the reader's task easier, but also proceeds from a sense of our responsibility as far as orthographical development is concerned : observation of the past and the present, and a logical anticipation of the future.
Quand des élèves de CM1 argumentent
Authors: Garcia-Debanc Claudine 
Published: November 2007

Claudine Garcia-Debanc, Quand des élèves de CM 1 argumentent
This article sets out a comparative analysis of two oral argumentative discourse samples produced by ten years old pupils. They argue at the beginning of a scientific process (heuristic argumentation), then they have a discussion about books they like (rhetorical argumentation). The textual sequences and the construction of meaning through interaction are analysed. Both heuristic and rhetorical aspects are present in the two recordings.
La dynamique du français des jeunes : sept ans de mouvement à travers deux enquêtes (1987-1994)
Authors: Sourdot Marc 
Published: November 2007

Marc Sourdot: Dynamics of French spoken by the young : a seven-year development as seen through two surveys (1987-1994)
This article compares two surveys, the second carried out seven years after the first, among third-year linguistics students in Paris. The first survey, of 1987, collected about 1 ,300 words and revealed 73 neologisms. The second survey, of 1994, revealed 83 neologisms out of 1 ,600 items collected. The comparison of these two sets highlights the key changes that can be seen in student parlances during a seven-year period : student neologisms in 1987 tend to reflect what has been called « le français branché » (trendy French) whereas those of 1 994 seem more to be part of slang devices typical of the language used in the city outskirsts.
Une parlure argotique de collégiens
Authors: Seux Bernard 
Published: November 2007

Bernard Seux: Neighbourhood slang : What is its place in pupils' language at Chambon-Feugerolles Junior High School ?
In a Junior High School in the outskirts of St Etienne, teenagers use their neighbourhood vernacular with their peers. The majority of the teachers are unaware that this « slang parlance » is used. The lexis collected is mostly composed of a lexical base common to different « youth parlances » in France but also of their own relatively short-lived inventions. Moreover, one notes that words or expressions are borrowed and circulated in informal networks of urban developments and neighbourhoods. In their comments on their way of speaking and on the pleasure they have in playing with words, most of the speakers questioned seemed to show skills that their teachers often think they lack.
Stratégies référentielles et variation
Authors: Reichler-Béguelin Marie-José 
Published: November 2007

Marie-José Reichler-Béguelin : Stratégies référentielles et variation
Anaphoric phenomena are considered here as sites of variation. It is shown which types of factors influence speakers' choices, when several expressions are suitable, in a given context, to realize the same act of reference. The atypical uses of third person free pronouns are examined from this point of view: they result from strategic compromises operated by speakers in situations where constraints are in conflict.
Les indéfinis : variables et quantificateurs
Authors: Corblin Francis 
Published: November 2007

Francis Corblin: Les indéfinis: variables et quantificateurs
In the large class of "quantified NPs" some theories distinguish a restricted group of so-called "indefinite NPs" (e.g. in French un N, deux Ns, plusieurs Ns). This paper discusses the empirical properties and theoretical analyses which substantiate this distinction, paying special attention to the contrast between indefinites and modified versions of them (e.g. un au moins, un au plus, un exactement), the latter falling by all relevant criteria, outside the class of indefinites, although most denotational approaches consider that the meaning of indefinites is expressed by some of their modified versions.
Tel adjectif. Grammaire d'une variable de caractérisation
Authors: Riegel Martin 
Published: November 2007

Martin Rlegel: Tel adjectif. Grammaire d'une variable de caractérisation
When used as a pronominal adjective, tel has the typical distribution of a "qualifying" adjective ("adjectif qualificatif") and is interpreted as a variable referring to the general notion of a "characteristic". This variable is turned into a constant, a specific characteristic, by the context. We describe how syntactic forms (relative, consequential and paratactic correlations) and textual mechanisms (anaphoric, cataphoric and deictic expressions) contribute to the discursive satisfaction of this kind of variable.
Les productions vocales des jeunes enfants français : convergence vers le modèle adulte
Authors: Hallé Pierre A. 
Published: November 2007

P. A. Halle, French infants vocal productions: Convergence toward the adult language patterns
The study of French children's vocal productions suggests that, at each period of development, the emerging and developing aspects specific to French language are those aspects which are functional, given the children's cognitive capacities. Children soon overcome the limitations imposed by physiological and biological maturation, and their vocalisations reflect native language specificity well before they can say words. Language specificity first appears in the prosodic, then in the segmental characteristics of vocalisations. Language specificity also affects the way children's early words deviate from the adult model, and the kind of regularities that later emerge as a "proto-phonology", roughly at the time of lexical burst.