bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über die Maximumnormkonvergenz der Methode der finiten Elemente bei geringsten Regularitätsvoraussetzungen
Authors: Yserentant H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn dieser Arbeit werden Aussagen über die Maximumnonrm des Fehlers bei Anwendung der Methode der finiten Elemente bewiesen, ohne dabei von Regularitätseigenschaften des kontinuierlichen Problems und seiner Diskretisierung Gebrauch zu machen. Die erzielten Ergebnisse gelten für ebene elliptische Randwertprobleme zweiter Ordnung. Sie lassen sich in zwei Gruppen einteilen. Zum einen wird gezeigt, Daß sich der Maximumnormfehler im wesentlichen durch den Energienormfehler abschätzen läßt, und zum anderen, daß die Maximumnormkonvergenz der Methode der finiten Elemente ein rein lokales Phänomen darstellt, unabhängig von der Regularität des kontinuierlichen Problems und der Quasiuniformität der benutzten Elementeinteilung. Der lokale Fehler in der Maximumnorm läßt sich immer durch den Maximumnormfehler eines lokalisierten Problems und den lokalen Fehler in der L2‐Norm abschätzen.
A Unifying Method for Some Computations in Renewal Theory
Authors: Hinderer K. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn renewal theory the residual life time Yt, the spent life time Zt and the total life time Lt play an important role. A unifying method is presented for the computation of the (joint) probability distribution, of the (mixed) moments, of the (joint) densities and of other quantities of interest. As examples we compute, among others, for the Poisson process the probability distribution of Yt/Lt and the correlation coefficient of Zt and Lt.
On the Method of Characteristics in Rate‐Type Viscoelasticity
Authors: Mihâilesću‐Suliciu M. , Suliciu I. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper deals with the standard method of characteristics for a system of partial differential equations encountered in viscoelasticity (and also in viscoplasticity, electric transmission lines, etc.). The second law of thermodynamics implies the existence of a nonlinear functional called the total energy, which for the exact solutions of the considered problems is a nonincreasing function of time. A sufficient condition on the integration step is given such that the total energy of the numerical solution be also a non‐increasing function of the number of time integration steps. An example is given showing that, if this condition is violated then the numerical solution diverges in time.
The Theory of the General Motion of a Thin Profile at a Small Incidence in an Inviscid Incompressible Fluid
Authors: Homentcovschi D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe paper gives an analytical method to study the motion of the thin aerofoil in an incompressible inviscid fluid. The only restriction imposed to the aerofoil motion is that the incidence angle be small. The solution needs the solving of a first kind Volterra type integral equation which, in the case of the rectilinear motion of the aerofoil, coincides with the Wagner's integral equation. The theory is next applied to study the case of the incidence variation of the flat plate in rectilinear motion and to the case of the flat plate having a circular motion at a small incidence angle.
Effective Realization of Numerical Integration Method for Stiff Problems
Authors: Griepentrog E. , Möbius A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe theoretical part of this paper shows that, by means of a suitable chosen predictor, only one Newton iteration step is needed in order to get the desired consistency and stability properties of an implicit numerical integration method. Furthermore, an algorithm for this Newton step is suggested, whose effort depends only on the number of the stiff solution components. In the practical considerations the introduced principles are applied to a mixed extrapolation method based on the trapezoidal rule. Special cheap methods for the error estimation and stepsize control are developed.
More Generalised Discrete Gronwall Inequalities
Authors: Beesack P. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe most general linear discrete Gronwall inequality is first considered, and best possible solutions of the inequality are obtained by elementary methods which are discrete analgoues of those used for Volterra integral equations. Upper bounds are also obtained for solutions in case the kernel is of a generalised Abel type, improving and extending recent work of S. Mc Kee.
Dynamik von Mehrkörpersystemen mit elastischen Bauteilen
Authors: Bremer H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn vielen Fällen wird es notwendig, die Bauteilelastizitäten in Mehrkörpersystemen zu berücksichtigen, Beispielsweise bei der Berechnung von leichten und schnellen Industrierobotern. Das Differentialgleichungssystem der Bewegungsgleichungen umfaßt dann die großen Starrkörperbewegungen und die relative überlagerten elastischen Deformationen, die als vergleichsweise klein angenommen werden können. Für die Bestimmung dieser Gleichungen wird, ausgehend von einem Einbalkensystem, für Mehrkörpersysteme ein rekursives Vorgehen vorgeschlagen.
Transient Thermoelastic Problem in an Infinite Body Containing a Penny‐Shaped Crack Due to Time and Position Dependent Temperature Condition
Authors: Noda N. , Matsunaga Y. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEs wird das Problem der Übergangswärmespannung für einen unendlichen Körper mit einen pfennigförmigen Riß behandelt. Das elastische Medium wird durch ein zeit‐ und ortsabhängiges Temperaturfeld auf der Rißoberfläche abgekühlt. Mit einem Differenzenverfahren für die Zeitvariable kann man die analytische Lösung bezüglich der Ortsvariablen erhalten. Die Bestimmung der Temperatur wird auf die Lösung einer dualen Integralgleichung für Eulersche Variable reduziert. Das Wärmespannungsproblem führt auf eine singuläre Integralgleichung bekannten Typs. Die numerischen Ergebnisse werden als Funktionen der Fourier‐Zahl dargestellt.
Instationäre und stationäre Strömungen von Flüssigkeiten mit Momentenspannungen
Authors: Förste J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFür die Bewegungsgleichungen einer inkompressiblen Flüssigkeit mit Momentenspannungen wird im instationären Fall ein Anfangs‐Randwertproblem und im stationären Fall ein Randwertproblem formuliert. Für beide Probleme wird das Existenz und Einzigkeitsproblem und das asymptotische Verhalten untersucht.
A Pseudo Spectral Chebyshev Scheme for Forward Acoustic Modeling
Authors: Raggio G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA pseudo spectral scheme using Chebyshev polynomials is presented to model wave propagation in inhomogeneous acoustic media. The computational domain is a square with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. An explicit modified Euler time marching scheme is used; thus the time steps are severely restricted by the clustering of the Chebyshev abscissa near the end points. Specifically, a numerical experiment is presented to estimate the order of accuracy of reflection and transmission coefficients at an interface. It was found to be proportional to the square of the grid spacing.
On Absolute Convergence of the Successive Approximations for Integral Equations with Analytic Nonlinearity
Authors: Wagner W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe paper deals with the representation of solutions of integral equations with analytic nonlinearity in such a form, which is suitable for Monte Carlo estimation. The results concern solutions, in a neighbourhood of which the successive approximations converge. The method is based on a special shift transformation of the integral equation.
Magnetohydrodynamic Effects on a Fluid Film Squeezed between Two Rotating Naturally Permeable Discs: Similarity Solutions
Authors: Hamza E. A. , Bhatt B. S. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe motion of a fluid film squeezed between two rotating parallel naturally permeable discs has been studied in the presence of a magnetic field applied perpendicular to the surface. We have obtained the similarity solutions using regular perturbations and numerical technique. The combined effects of magnetic field, centrifugal inertial forces, and the permeabilities of the porous medium on the velocity profiles, the load capacity and the torques that the fluid exerts on the surfaces have been determined. In general, the results are similar to HAMZA [1] except that the slippage of the fluid particles at the boundaries pushes the fluid away from the rotating axis.
AFLP‐based genetic linkage maps of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis)
Authors: Lallias D. , Lapègue S. , Hecquet C. , Boudry P. , Beaumont A. R. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryWe report the construction of the first genetic linkage map in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. AFLP markers were used in 86 full‐sib progeny from a controlled pair mating, applying a double pseudo‐test cross strategy. Thirty‐six primer pairs generated 2354 peaks, of which 791 (33.6%) were polymorphic in the mapping family. Among those, 341 segregated through the female parent, 296 through the male parent (type 1:1) and 154 through both parents (type 3:1). Chi‐square goodness‐of‐fit tests revealed that 71% and 73% of type 1:1 and 3:1 markers respectively segregated according to Mendelian inheritance. Sex‐specific linkage maps were built with mapmaker 3.0 software. The female framework map consisted of 121 markers ordered into 14 linkage groups, spanning 862.8 cM, with an average marker spacing of 8.0 cM. The male framework map consisted of 116 markers ordered into 14 linkage groups, spanning 825.2 cM, with an average marker spacing of 8.09 cM. Genome coverage was estimated to be 76.7% and 75.9% for the female and male framework maps respectively, rising to 85.8% (female) and 86.2% (male) when associated markers were included. Twelve probable homologous linkage group pairs were identified and a consensus map was built for nine of these homologous pairs based on multiple and parallel linkages of 3:1 markers, spanning 816 cM, with joinmap 4.0 software.
A method for jaw movement registration
Authors: HONÉE G. L. J. M. , MEIJER A. A. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe procedure is described of an indirect method of recording jaw movement by measuring intervals between electrical pulses generated by a light beam passing two photovoltaic cells attached to the upper and lower jaw. A general description of the basic electronic system is given. An example of registration of the border movement lines of a subject is shown.
The mechanics of the temporomandibular joint—a theoretical and electromyographical study
Authors: BARBENEL J. C. 
Published: June 2007

summaryA theoretical analysis of the force actions at the temporomandibular joint is presented. The equations of equilibrium of the mandible under a static load are derived and the solutions yielding the minimum joint force are explored. Using integrated electromyography, an estimate is presented of the forces at the joint with the mandible supporting a static load on the incisor and canine teeth. The conclusion reached is that the joint is load bearing during function.
The management of children and adolescents suffering from amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta
Authors: GIBBARD P. D. 
Published: June 2007

summaryA brief history and the aims of treatment of amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta are described. In a description of a system of management of these conditions the advantages and possibilities of early treatment is stressed. Conserving the primary dentition makes the restoration of the permanent teeth easier because the correct jaw relationships are maintained. Long‐term observation of the developing dentition allows problems to be overcome or intercepted at the most propitious time. Semi‐permanent restorations for the newly erupted permanent teeth and the rationale for their use are described. An approach to providing adolescents with crowns for all their teeth, restoring groups of teeth, is described and the problems of partially erupted teeth are discussed. Some possibilities of simplifying and improving the types of restoration available, such as the use of composite materials as facings, are described. The special needs of young patients and the problems associated with treating them are indicated throughout.
The mandible and osteoporosis (1)
Authors: HENRIKSON PER‐ÅKE , WALLENIUS KJELL 
Published: June 2007

summaryTransverse segments 3–4 cm long were excised post mortem from the radius and from the edentulous mandible in twenty‐four females and twenty‐six males, aged 46–92 years. In order to obtain a value for the density of the minerals in the two different bones, the specific gravities of the specimens were determined by application of Archimedes' principle. Intra‐individually, the specific gravity was found to vary inversely with age (P <0.01). A statistical correlation was also found in this respect between the mandible and the radius in the material as a whole (P <0.0l).
The mandible and osteoporosis(2)
Authors: HENRIKSON PER‐ÅKE , WALLENIUS KJELL , ÅSTRAND KURT 
Published: June 2007

summaryTransverse sections, 3–4 cm long, were obtained post mortem from the radii and from edentulous mandibles of fifty patients (twenty‐four females and twenty‐six males) aged 46–92 years. The mineral density of the sections was measured by roentgen absorption. A significant negative correlation was found between the mineral density and age (P<0.01). A statistically significant correlation was found between the variation of the mineral density of the mandible and that of the radius (P<0.01).
Coefficient of thermal expansion of some anterior restorative materials by a new dilatometric technique
Authors: HARRINGTON E. , MCCABE J. F. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAn accurate method of determining the coefficient of thermal expansion of restorative materials has been devised and found to be suitable for routine testing. It is suggested that this method could be adapted for standard specification tests.The method is independent of sample shape and regularity. Values of coefficient of thermal expansion for several anterior restorative materials are presented. The importance of realistic conditions for sample treatment is discussed.
Late results of treatment of functional disorders of the masticatory system
Authors: AGERBERG GÖRAN , CARLSSON GUNNAR E. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA questionnaire was se111 to 104 persons who had 3–5 years earlier been examined and treated because of functional disorders of the lmaslicatory system. The questionnaires were filled in and returned by eighty‐two persons.The pain and disorders reported by the patients before treatment bad been described by three out of four as severe. After trextnwnt 75% reported liltle or no trouble while 7%, still had severe pain and disorders. After diagnosis of the probable cause of the complaint, treatment had consisted usually of splints, occlusal grinding, fitting or correclion of dentures, and/or mandibular exercises.Half of the patients reported substantial improvement or complete recovery witbin 2 months and about four‐Rfths within 2 year of the beginning of treatment. while 16% reported no improvement.About one‐third of the participants, predominantly elderly persons. reported in the questionnaire that they still required treatment. The lindings indicated the need of followin_p up patients with functional disorders of the masticatory syslem in order Lo evalunle residual symptoms, to rc‐institute suitable slomatognathic lrealmenl or to refer the palients for other treatlllcnl.
A clinical evaluation of silicate and composite restorations after 3 years of use
Authors: ERIKSEN HARALD M. 
Published: June 2007

SummarySilicate cement and composite resin restorations have been evaluated clinically after 3 years of use. The composite resin restorations had retained their anatomical form and marginal adaptation better than the silicate cements but their colour matching qualities were inferior to that of the silicates.
A comparative study of three etching solutions
Authors: RETIEF D. H. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryConditioning of the enamel surface is an accepted procedure in several disciplines of dentistry to obtain increased bonding of dental materials to tooth surfaces. Three etching solutions commonly in use are 50% phosphoric acid, 50% phosphoric acid attenuated with 7% zinc oxide by weight and 50% citric acid. The effects of these solutions on the contact angle of an uncured epoxy resin on, and the bond strength of an epoxy resin formulation to polished enamel surfaces were investigated and compared with the results obtained on polished, unconditioned surfaces. In addition, the rates of etching of enamel surfaces by these acids were determined. The attenuated phosphoric acid produced the greatest reduction in contact angles and the most marked increase in bond strengths. 50% phosphoric acid etched the enamel surface to a greater extent than the other conditioning solutions.
Nocturnal electromyographic evaluation of bruxism patients undergoing short term splint therapy
Authors: SOLBERG WILLIAM K. , CLARK GLENN T. , RUGH JOHN D. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryEight confirmed bruxist subjects were investigated using portable electromyographic equipment. Nocturnal masseteric muscle activity, as measured by electromyography, was reduced immediately following the insertion of a full arch maxillary stabilization splint. It remained low until the splints were removed, at which time all but one subject's EMG values returned to pretreatment levels. Although the short term splint therapy did not show a permanent reduction in EMG levels, a dramatic reduction has been demonstrated during treatment.
Histological features of the palatal mucosa in denture sore mouth
Authors: VAN MENS P. R. , PINKSE‐VEEN M. J. , JAMES J. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryA histological investigation was carried out on biopsy specimens taken from patients suffering from denture sore mouth. The results were compared with those obtained in previous investigations on denture and non‐denture‐wearers. The sections were studied by standardized quantitative morphometric methods. After 4 years the denture bearing palatal epithelium from both groups, the denture wearers and the patients suffering from a denture sore mouth did not show changes in mean thickness of the epithelium compared with the controls. The mitotic index in denture bearing epithelium from patients suffering from denture sore mouth was three times lower than in the epithelium of the normal denture wearers. The three groups of patients investigated did not show differences in density of mast cells in the lamina propria of their palatal epithelium.
The bonding of a polymeric fissure sealant to topical fluoride‐treated teeth
Authors: LOW T. , VON FRAUNHOFER J. A. , WINTER G. B. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe tensile bond strength of a polymeric fissure sealant to enamel treated with a variety of topical fluorides was determined. Application of acidulated phosphate fluoride solutions (APF) prior to and after acid etching reduces the tensile bond strength of Nuva Seal from 36·6±9·0 kg/cm2 to 4·9±3·3 kg/cm2 and 23·8±6·3 kg/cm3 respectively. The treatment of the etched enamel with freshly prepared 8% stannous fluoride solution prior to Nuva Seal® application significantly increases the tensile bond strength to 55·7±17·1 kg/cm2. It is recommended that clinical procedures such as the application of fissure sealants, acid etch composite restorations and the direct attachment of orthodontic brackets, all of which involve etching of the enamel, should not be preceeded by the topical application of APF solutions.
Electrochemical properties of copper and gold containing dental amalgams
Authors: SARKAR N. K. , GREENER E. H. 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAlloying or admixing of a dental amalgam alloy with an element or alloy which has a higher affinity for tin offers a means for eliminating the corrosion prone γ2 phase. Accordingly, the corrosion behaviour of non‐conventional amalgams containing Cu and Au were investigated by anodic polarization studies in Ringer's solution. The Cu containing amalgams were produced by admixing Cu‐Hg (copper amalgam) with conventional amalgam in the ratios of 0.5:1 and 1:1. A 10 w/o Au in Ag3Sn was used as the gold amalgam alloy. The anodic polarization profile of the 0.5:1 Cu admixed was similar in shape to conventional amalgams although current densities were less. After ageing for I month the – 250 mV peak associated with γ2 disappeared and the current density decreased by ten fold. After 2 months the current density decreased by one hundred fold. The anodic polarization of the 1: 1 Cu admixed amalgams did not display the ‐250 mV (γ2) peak after 1 week and current densities were I03 below that of conventional amalgams. The behaviour of these interesting amalgams is rationalized on the basis of the ease of formation of Cu‐Sn intermetallics where Cu/Sn > 3. The anodic polarization profile of 10 w/o Au containing amalgam essentially is that of conventional amalgam and does not change drastically after 6 months. Although the Au may reduce or eliminate the γ2 phase the resulting AuSn4 apparently corrodes in an analogous fashion. However, since distribution of AuSn4 may be different from γ2, i.e. not continuous, the effect of corrosion on its mechanical properties may be different.
A study of the occurrence of symptons of disease of the temporomandibular joint masticatory musculature and related structures
Authors: HANSSON TORE , NILNER MARIA 
Published: June 2007

SummaryAn examination of the temporomandibular joints, masticatory musculature and related structures was made on 1069 persons working in a ship‐building yard in the south of Sweden. One‐fifth of the persons reported that they had frequent headache and one‐fourth of the persons reported TMJ‐sounds.Clinical examination of the temporomandibular joints and masticatory musculature showed that clicking of the TMJ was the most common symptom (65%) followed by tenderness of the masticatory musculature to palpation (37%) and tenderness of the temporomandibular joint (10%). Thirty per cent of the persons examined reported two or more of these symptoms. Severe abrasion was noted in 12%.The results of the investigation suggested that the frequency of diseases related to function of the masticatory system is high. It was estimated that some 25–30% of the persons examined were in need of treatment.
Tooth preparation for full coverage—basic principles and rationalized clinical procedures
Authors: STERN NOAH , GRAJOWER RAFAEL 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe basic principles of tooth preparation for full coverage are discussed and an efficient method is described for the operative procedure. The purpose of each of the four stages in this technique and of the five different diamond instruments which are used in their performance, is discussed. Modifications of the procedure are given for posterior and anterior teeth as well as for teeth with periodontal involvement. Comparing the relative merit of different types of finishing lines, the chamfer type was found most suitable for the majority of preparations.