bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-global summer circulation response to the spring surface temperature anomaly in Tibetan Plateau –– the GEWEX/LS4P first phase experiment
Authors: Zhang Yang , Pan Yan , Xue Yongkang , Diallo Ismaila , Zeng Xubin , Li Shuting , Neelin J. David , Lau William K. M. , Boone Aaron A. , Vitart Frederic , Yao Tandong , Tang Qi , Sato Tomonori , Koo Myung-Seo , Ardilouze Constantin , Saha Subodh K. , Yang Jing , Materia Stefano , Lin Zhaohui , Qi Xin , Qin Yi , Nakamura Tetsu , Nobre Paulo , Peano Daniele , Senan Retish , Takaya Yuhei , Wang Hailan , Zhang Hongliang , Zhan Yanling , Zhao Mei , Mechoso Carlos R. , Bao Qing , Bottino Marcus Jorge , Hong Songyou , Lin Yanluan , Xie Shaocheng , Pan Xiaoduo , Nayak Hara Prasad , Chou Sin Chan , Guo Weidong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSubseasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction of droughts and floods is one of the major challenges of weather and climate prediction. Recent studies suggest that the springtime land surface temperature/subsurface temperature (LST/SUBT) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) can be a new source of S2S predictability. The project “Impact of Initialized Land Surface Temperature and Snowpack on Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction (LS4P)” was initiated to study the impact of springtime LST/SUBT anomalies over high mountain areas on summertime precipitation predictions. The present work explores the simulated global scale response of the atmospheric circulation to the springtime TP land surface cooling by 16 current state-of-the-art Earth System Models (ESMs) participating in the LS4P Phase I (LS4P-I) experiment. The LS4P-I results show, for the first time, that springtime TP surface anomalies can modulate a persistent quasi-barotropic Tibetan Plateau-Rocky Mountain Circumglobal (TRC) wave train from the TP via the northeast Asia and Bering Strait to the western part of the North America, along with the springtime westerly jet from TP across the whole North Pacific basin. The TRC wave train modulated by the TP thermal anomaly play a critical role on the early summer surface air temperature and precipitation anomalies in the regions along the wave train, especially over the northwest North America and the southern Great Plains. The participant models that fail in capturing the TRC wave train greatly under-predict climate anomalies in reference to observations and the successful models. These results suggest that the TP LST/SUBT anomaly via the TRC wave train is the first order source of the S2S variability in the regions mentioned. Furthermore, the TP surface temperature anomaly can influence the Southern Hemispheric circulation by generating cross-equator wave trains. However, the simulated propagation pathways from the TP into the Southern Hemisphere show large inter-model differences. More dynamical understanding of the TRC wave train as well as its cross-equator propagation into the Southern Hemisphere will be explored in the newly launched LS4P phase II experiment.
Fibrates and risk of congenital malformations: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Kay Hee Yeon , Jang Ha Young , Kim In-Wha , Oh Jung Mi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To examine the association between maternal prescriptions for fibrates and congenital malformations in live births.

Methods
Nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data sourced from the Korean National Health Insurance database. A cohort of 756,877 completed pregnancies linked to live-born infants in 215,600 women with dyslipidemia between 2012 and 2021. The study compared data on congenital anomalies between pregnancies who were exposed to fibrates and those who were not exposed to fibrates in the first trimester. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by a multivariable analyses using logistic regression models to adjust for potential confounders.

Results
260 pregnancies (0.12%) were exposed to fibrates during the first trimester. The prevalence of malformations in exposed offspirng was 10.77%, not significantly different compared with 9.68% in offspring of women who were not prescribed fibrates during pregnancy in patients with dyslipidemia (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.75–1.70).

Conclusion
This study implies that the use of fibrates during pregnancy may be safe, as it did not show any association with congenital anomalies. However, caution is warranted due to an elevated risk associated with prolonged exposure.
Randomised controlled pilot trial to assess effect of electrical stimulation of weak pelvic floor muscles
Authors: Brækken Ingeborg Hoff , Villumstad Tove K. L. S. , Evensen Natalie Michelle 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has level 1A scientific evidence for the treatment of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. Past studies, however, have often excluded women with very weak pelvic floor muscles (PFM). The aim was to investigate the hypothesis that intravaginal electrical stimulation (iES) improves PFM strength more than PFMT in women with weak PFM, and to use these results to calculate sample size required for a future large randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Methods
This assessor-blinded pilot RCT had a two arm, parallel design with computer-generated Randomisation. Both groups were offered 12 one-to-one physiotherapy sessions over a 6-month period. The iES group received individual tailored electrical pulse parameters. The PFMT group received PFM exercises, with the addition of facilitation techniques at therapy sessions. A power calculator was used to calculate sample size.

Results
Fifteen women were recruited. Eight were randomised to iES and 7 to PFMT. Two subjects dropped out of the iES group. Median age was 49 years (range 36–77) and parity 2.1 (range 1–3). Both groups showed increases in PFM strength measured by manometery (iES 12.3, SD 12.0 vs PFMT 10.0, SD 8.1) cmH2O. There was no significant difference between groups. With a power of 0.80 we need a sample size of 95 women in each group to detect a difference between groups.

Conclusion
There was no significant difference between the groups in improvements in PFM strength. To detect a difference, we would have required 95 women in each group.
Relationship between male aging and semen quality: a retrospective study on over 2500 men
Authors: Castellini Chiara , Cordeschi Giuliana , Tienforti Daniele , Barbonetti Arcangelo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent an association exists between male aging and worsening of semen parameters and to determine whether a threshold age can be identified above which the decline in semen quality becomes statistically significant.

Methods
2612 men (age: 16–56 years) attending an andrology outpatient clinic for semen analysis and clinical evaluation were studied. Semen analyses were performed according to the ongoing WHO-recommended procedures. Total motile count (TMC) and total progressive motile count (TPMC) were calculated by multiplying total sperm number by total motility and progressive motility, respectively.

Results
Significant negative correlations were found between age and total motility (r = − 0.131, p < 0.0001), progressive motility (r = − 0.112, p < 0.0001), TPMC (r = − 0.042, p = 0.037), and normal sperm morphology (r = − 0.053, p = 0.007). All these associations persisted in multivariate regression models adjusted for abstinence time, smoking, history of male accessory gland infections, varicocele and the year in which semen analysis was performed. When comparisons were performed among quartiles of increasing age, the fourth quartile, corresponding to the age group > 40 years, was associated with a significant decrease in total and progressive motility. An earlier decline in the TPMC and percentage of normal forms was also observed.

Conclusion
Advancing male age exhibits an independent association with a decrease in the percentage of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa, with greater evidence from the age of > 40 years. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and clinical reflections of these associations.
Electrically evoked compound action potentials are associated with the site of intracochlear stimulation
Authors: Weiss Nora M. , Breitsprecher Tabita , Völter Christiane , Lammers Marc , Van de Heyning Paul , Dazert Stefan , Van Rompaey Vincent 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Objective measurements to predict the position of a cochlear electrode during cochlear implantation surgery may serve to improve the surgical technique and postoperative speech outcome. There is evidence that electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAP) are a suitable approach to provide information about the site of stimulation. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge about the association between the intraoperative intracochlear ECAP characteristics and the site of stimulation.

Methods
In a retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery with flexible lateral wall electrode arrays (12 stimulating channels) between 2020 and 2022 were analyzed. The CDL was measured using a CT-based clinical planning software. ECAP were measured for all electrode contacts and associated to the CDL as well as to the site of stimulation in degree.

Results
Significant differences among the amplitudes and slopes for the individual stimulated electrode contacts at the stimulation sites of 90°, 180°, 270°, 360°, 450° and 540° were found. The values showed a trend for linearity among the single electrodes.

Conclusions
ECAP characteristics correlate with the electrode’s position inside the cochlea. In the future, ECAP may be applied to assess the intracochlear position inside the cochlea and support anatomy-based fitting.
Predictors of adherence to exercise interventions in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Schwaiger Rebecca , Maurus Isabel , Lembeck Moritz , Papazova Irina , Greska David , Muenz Susanne , Sykorova Eliska , Thieme Cristina E. , Vogel Bob O. , Mohnke Sebastian , Huppertz Charlotte , Roeh Astrid , Keller-Varady Katriona , Malchow Berend , Walter Henrik , Wolfarth Bernd , Wölwer Wolfgang , Henkel Karsten , Hirjak Dusan , Schmitt Andrea , Hasan Alkomiet , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Falkai Peter , Roell Lukas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExercise interventions are nowadays considered as effective add-on treatments in people with schizophrenia but are usually associated with high dropout rates. Therefore, the present study investigated potential predictors of adherence from a large multicenter study, encompassing two types of exercise training, conducted over a 6-month period with individuals with schizophrenia. First, we examined the role of multiple participants’ characteristics, including levels of functioning, symptom severity, cognitive performance, quality of life, and physical fitness. Second, we used K-means clustering to identify clinical subgroups of participants that potentially exhibited superior adherence. Last, we explored if adherence could be predicted on the individual level using Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Ridge Regression. We found that individuals with higher levels of functioning at baseline were more likely to adhere to the exercise interventions, while other factors such as symptom severity, cognitive performance, quality of life or physical fitness seemed to be less influential. Accordingly, the high-functioning group with low symptoms exhibited a greater likelihood of adhering to the interventions compared to the severely ill group. Despite incorporating various algorithms, it was not possible to predict adherence at the individual level. These findings add to the understanding of the factors that influence adherence to exercise interventions. They underscore the predictive importance of daily life functioning while indicating a lack of association between symptom severity and adherence. Future research should focus on developing targeted strategies to improve adherence, particularly for people with schizophrenia who suffer from impairments in daily functioning.Clinical trials registration The study of this manuscript which the manuscript is based was registered in the International Clinical Trials Database, ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT number: NCT03466112, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03466112?term=NCT03466112&draw=2&rank=1) and in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00009804.
Sex differences in thermophysiological responses of elderly to low-intensity exercise during uncompensable heat strain
Authors: Daanen Hein A. M. , Dijkstra Iris , Abbink Emma , de Jong Iris J. , Wolf S. Tony , Bongers Coen C. W. G. , Hondema Laurens S. , Eijsvogels Thijs M. H. , Kingma Boris R. M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The rising frequency of extreme heat events poses an escalating threat of heat-related illnesses and fatalities, placing an additional strain on global healthcare systems. Whether the risk of heat-related issues is sex specific, particularly among the elderly, remains uncertain.

Methods
16 men and 15 women of similar age (69 ± 5 years) were exposed to an air temperature of 39.1 ± 0.3 °C and a relative humidity (RH) of 25.1 ± 1.9%, during 20 min of seated rest and at least 40 min of low-intensity (10 W) cycling exercise. RH was gradually increased by 2% every 5 min starting at minute 30. We measured sweat rate, heart rate, thermal sensation, and the rise in gastrointestinal temperature (Tgi) and skin temperature (Tsk).

Results
Tgi consistently increased from minute 30 to 60, with no significant difference between females and males (0.012 ± 0.004 °C/min vs. 0.011 ± 0.005 °C/min; p = 0.64). Similarly, Tsk increase did not differ between females and males (0.044 ± 0.007 °C/min vs. 0.038 ± 0.011 °C/min; p = 0.07). Females exhibited lower sweat rates than males (0.29 ± 0.06 vs. 0.45 ± 0.14 mg/m2/min; p < 0.001) in particular at relative humidities exceeding 30%. No sex differences in heart rate and thermal sensation were observed.

Conclusion
Elderly females exhibit significantly lower sweat rates than their male counterparts during low-intensity exercise at ambient temperatures of 39 °C when humidity exceeds 30%. However, both elderly males and females demonstrate a comparable rise in core temperature, skin temperature, and mean body temperature, indicating similar health-related risks associated with heat exposure.
Integrated analysis of transcriptome and small RNAome reveals regulatory network of rapid and long-term response to heat stress in Rhododendron moulmainense
Authors: Liu Si-Jia , Cai Chang , Cai Hong-Yue , Bai Yu-Qing , Wang Ding-Yue , Zhang Hua , Peng Jin-Gen , Xie Li-Juan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Main conclusion
The post-transcriptional gene regulatory pathway and small RNA pathway play important roles in regulating the rapid and long-term response of Rhododendron moulmainense to high-temperature stress.

Abstract
The Rhododendron plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance. However, it is difficult to domesticate for use in urban ecosystems due to their strict optimum growth temperature condition, and its evolution and adaptation are little known. Here, we combined transcriptome and small RNAome to reveal the rapid response and long-term adaptability regulation strategies in Rhododendron moulmainense under high-temperature stress. The post-transcriptional gene regulatory pathway plays important roles in stress response, in which the protein folding pathway is rapidly induced at 4 h after heat stress, and alternative splicing plays an important role in regulating gene expression at 7 days after heat stress. The chloroplasts oxidative damage is the main factor inhibiting photosynthesis efficiency. Through WGCNA analysis, we identified gene association patterns and potential key regulatory genes responsible for maintaining the ROS steady-state under heat stress. Finally, we found that the sRNA synthesis pathway is induced under heat stress. Combined with small RNAome, we found that more miRNAs are significantly changed under long-term heat stress. Furthermore, MYBs might play a central role in target gene interaction network of differentially expressed miRNAs in R. moulmainense under heat stress. MYBs are closely related to ABA, consistently, ABA synthesis and signaling pathways are significantly inhibited, and the change in stomatal aperture is not obvious under heat stress. Taken together, we gained valuable insights into the transplantation and long-term conservation domestication of Rhododendron, and provide genetic resources for genetic modification and molecular breeding to improve heat resistance in Rhododendron.
Could different structural features affect flammability traits in Mediterranean forest ecosystems?
Authors: Cappelluti Onofrio , Elia Mario , Sanesi Giovanni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Key message
Mediterranean forest stands manifest diverse flammability traits according to their potential ecological successional stage and promoting a gradient from flammable to less flammable ecosystem.
From a general consideration of vegetation as ‘fuel’, it has been well proven that plant traits have the potential to promote the forest stand gradient from flammable to less flammable. While the ever-growing literature helps to assess the relationship between plants and their flammability at species level, at the landscape scale this relationship should be evaluated along with a variety of forest features such as structural and stand parameters and from the perspective of successional forest stages. To this end, we clustered several forest stands in Southern Europe (Apulia region, Italy), characterized by oaks, conifers, and arboreal shrub species, according to their flammability traits. We hypothesized that flammability traits change along different horizontal and vertical structural features of forest stands, shifting from high to low-flammability propensity. The results confirmed that forest stands with greater height and diameter classes are associated with traits with a low-flammability propensity. It is worth highlighting the importance of shrub coverage in differentiating the clusters denoting their strong influence in increasing fuel load (litter and fuel bed traits). Finally, our findings lead us to assume that high-flammability propensity traits are associated with typical pioneer successional stages, supporting the notion that later successional forest stands are less flammable and, therefore, that flammability decreases along with succession.
Natural resource development, economic policy uncertainty and urban residents’ consumption in China: a nonlinear ARDL and time-varying parameter vector autoregressive with stochastic volatility approach
Authors: Long Tianxiang , Cui Xiangying , Yan Jiale , Işık Cem , Pinzon Stefania , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIncreased risks of economic policy uncertainty and overexploitation of natural resources exist in China. At the same time, the growth rate of urban residents’ consumption has generally declined. The paper analyses the role of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and natural resource exploitation on the urban residents’ consumption in China. Based on the data from the first quarter of 2002 to the third quarter of 2021, the paper uses a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model to verify the asymmetric effects. Then the paper constructs a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model with stochastic volatility term to analyze the nonlinear responses. Impulse response analysis was used to further explain the relationship between the three. The negative impact of rising EPU on urban residents’ consumption is larger than its reduction. Negative shocks to natural resource development increase the urban residents’ consumption. Positive shocks reduce the urban residents’ consumption. There is a time-varying non-linear effect of EPU and natural resource development on urban residents’ consumption in China. The negative impact of EPU on urban consumption has been further exacerbated by major crises such as the financial crisis, COVID-19 and the post-crisis period. The negative impact of natural resource development diminished after the government introduced industrial upgrading policies and environmental regulations. This study provides constructive suggestions for the optimization of economic policies and the improvement of urban consumption. This study also enriches consumer theory and provides new evidence for the resource curse hypothesis.
Diagnostic conversion to bipolar disorder among adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder: a nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: Kung Fan-Hsuan , Tsai Chia-Kuang , Cheng Chih-Ming , Tsai Shih-Jen , Su Tung-Ping , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Bai Ya-Mei , Liang Chih-Sung , Chen Mu-Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough several studies have examined a diagnostic conversion from major depressive disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD), only a few studies specifically focused on adolescents and young adults who are at the peak ages of BD onset. Data from participants (N = 130,793) aged 10–29 years who were diagnosed with MDD were extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. We applied demographic analyses, survival analysis, Aalen Johansen curves, and Cox regression, investigating the diagnostic conversion rate and factors that were most or less predictive of conversion. Among the adolescents and young adults with MDD, the number of participant conversion subsample is 14,187 and the conversion rate was 13.80% (95% confidence interval: 13.54–14.06%) during the 11-year follow-up. The conversion rate was highest in the first year (4.50%; 4.39–4.61%) and decreased over time. The significant predictors were younger age of diagnosis with MDD (p < 0.001), moderate and high antidepressant resistance (p < 0.001), obesity (p < 0.001), psychiatric comorbidities (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorder, and cluster B and C personality disorder, all p < 0.001), a family history of mental disorders (schizophrenia and mood disorders, all p < 0.05), lower monthly income (p < 0.001), and more mental health visits to the clinic each year (p < 0.001). A composite of demographic characteristics, antidepressant resistance, physical and psychiatric comorbidities, and family history significantly predicted diagnostic conversion from MDD to BD (area under the curve = 0.795, p < 0.001). Compared to adult population, the adolescents and young adults had different factors that were most or less predictive of conversion, which warrants further investigation.