bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the friction coefficient of articular cartilage by TGF‐β1 and IL‐1β
Authors: DuRaine Grayson , Neu Corey P. , Chan Stephanie M.T. , Komvopoulos Kyriakos , June Ronald K. , Reddi A. Hari 
Published: August 2008

AbstractArticular cartilage functions to provide a low‐friction surface for joint movement for many decades of life. Superficial zone protein (SZP) is a glycoprotein secreted by chondrocytes in the superficial layer of articular cartilage that contributes to effective boundary lubrication. In both cell and explant cultures, TGF‐β1 and IL‐1β have been demonstrated to, respectively, upregulate and downregulate SZP protein levels. It was hypothesized that the friction coefficient of articular cartilage could also be modulated by these cytokines through SZP regulation. The friction coefficient between cartilage explants (both untreated and treated with TGF‐β1 or IL‐1β) and a smooth glass surface due to sliding in the boundary lubrication regime was measured with a pin‐on‐disk tribometer. SZP was quantified using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbant assay and localized by immunohistochemistry. Both TGF‐β1 and IL‐1β treatments resulted in the decrease of the friction coefficient of articular cartilage in a location‐ and time‐dependent manner. Changes in the friction coefficient due to the TGF‐β1 treatment corresponded to increased depth of SZP staining within the superficial zone, while friction coefficient changes due to the IL‐1β treatment were independent of SZP depth of staining. However, the changes induced by the IL‐1β treatment corresponded to changes in surface roughness, determined from the analysis of surface images obtained with an atomic force microscope. These findings demonstrate that the low friction of articular cartilage can be modified by TGF‐β1 and IL‐1β treatment and that the friction coefficient depends on multiple factors, including SZP localization and surface roughness. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:249–256, 2009
From streaming‐potentials to shear stress: 25 years of bone cell mechanotransduction
Authors: Riddle Ryan C. , Donahue Henry J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMechanical loads are vital regulators of skeletal mass and architecture as evidenced by the increase in bone formation following the addition of exogenous loads and loss of bone mass following their removal. While our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which bone cells perceive changes in their mechanical environment has increased rapidly in recent years, much remains to be learned. Here, we outline the effects of interstitial fluid flow, a potent biophysical signal induced by the deformation of skeletal tissue in response to applied loads, on bone cell behavior. We focus on the molecular mechanisms by which bone cells are hypothesized to perceive interstitial fluid flow, the cell signaling cascades activated by fluid flow, and the use of this signal in tissue engineering protocols. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:143–149, 2009
TNF‐α–induced NF‐κB signaling reverses age‐related declines in VEGF induction and angiogenic activity in intervertebral disc tissues
Authors: Ohba Tetsuro , Haro Hirotaka , Ando Takashi , Wako Masanori , Suenaga Fumiko , Aso Yoshinori , Koyama Kensuke , Hamada Yoshiki , Nakao Atsuhito 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that VEGF and its receptors were expressed in human herniated discs (HD). TNF‐α induced VEGF, resulting in neovascularization of disc tissues in a model of HD. The goal of the current research was to investigate the precise role of TNF‐α–induced VEGF and the mechanism of angiogenesis in disc tissues. We performed ELISAs, Western blots, and immunohistological examinations to assess the role of TNF‐α–induced VEGF using organ disc cultures with wild type, TNF receptor 1‐null (TNF‐RInull), or TNF receptor 2‐null (TNF‐RIInull) mice. VEGF induction was inhibited when we used TNF‐RInull‐derived disc tissues. NF‐κB pathway inhibitors also strongly suppressed VEGF induction. Thus, TNF‐α induced VEGF expression in disc cells primarily through the NF‐κB pathway. In addition, VEGF immunoreactivity was detected predominantly in annulus fibrosus cells and increased after TNF‐α stimulation. TNF‐α treatment also resulted in CD31 expression on endothelial cells and formation of an anastomosing network. In contrast, angiogenic activity was strongly inhibited in the presence of NF‐κB inhibitors or anti‐VEGF antibody. Our data show angiogenesis activity in disc tissues is regulated by VEGF and the NF‐κB pathway, both of which are induced by TNF‐α. The level of angiogenic activity in disc tissues was closely related to aging. Because neovascularization of HD is indispensable for HD resorption, the prognosis of HD and the rate of the resorption process in patients may vary as a function of the patient's age. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:229–235, 2009
Subcutaneous‐induced membranes have no osteoinductive effect on macroporous HA‐TCP in vivo
Authors: Catros Sylvain , Zwetyenga Narcisse , Bareille Reine , Brouillaud Brigitte , Renard Martine , Amédée Joelle , Fricain Jean‐Christophe 
Published: August 2008

AbstractInduced Membranes Technique was first described to enhance bone reconstruction of large osseous defects. Previous in vitro studies established their osteoinductive potential, due to the presence of opteoblasts precursors and to high amounts of growth factors contained within. The purpose of this study was to test in vivo the osteoinductive properties of induced membranes on a macroporous HA‐TCP in a nonosseous subcutaneous site. Subcutaneous‐induced membranes were obtained in 21 rabbits; 1 month later, the membranes were filled with a biphasic calcium phosphate material composed of 75% hydroxyapatite (HA) and 25% β‐tricalcium phosphate associated or not with autograft. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on membrane biopsies. Undecalcified and decalcified sections were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. 45Ca uptake was observed and quantified on the sections using microimager analysis. Dense vascularity was found in the induced membranes. New bone formation was detected in the HA‐TCP + autograft samples and increased significantly from 3 to 6 months (p < 0.05). No bone was detected in the biomaterial graft alone in the induced membranes at any time. This study showed that induced membranes placed in a nonosseous site have no osteoinductive properties on a macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate biomaterial. © 2008 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:155–161, 2009
Does the preoperative imaging of perforators with CT angiography improve operative outcomes in breast reconstruction?
Authors: Rozen Warren M. , Anavekar Namrata S. , Ashton Mark W. , Stella Damien L. , Grinsell Damien , Bloom Richard J. , Taylor G. Ian 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground: Breast reconstruction is increasingly performed with the use of the abdominal wall donor site, with potential complications including donor site morbidity and impaired flap viability. As a tool for selecting the optimal perforators which will ultimately supply the flap, preoperative imaging with computed tomography angiography (CTA) has become increasingly popular. Potential benefits include reduced intramuscular dissection, with faster and safer dissection, reduced donor site morbidity and improved flap vascularity and survival. Despite the potential for improvements in operative outcome, any benefits are yet to be established. Methods: A cohort study of 104 breast reconstructions in 88 patients was conducted. All patients underwent breast reconstruction based on an abdominal wall free flap. Of these, 40 patients undergoing preoperative imaging with CTA and 48 patients not undergoing CTA were included, with all CTAs undertaken at a single institution. Length of operation, length of stay, and operative complications were assessed. An evaluation of operative stress was achieved with the use of visual analogue scales (VAS) administered to the surgeons. Results: The use of CTA was associated with decreased operating time (mean: 77 min for bilateral cases), significantly decreased complications related to flap viability (particularly partial flap loss), and a statistically significant reduction in donor site morbidity. Psychometric testing of surgeons revealed a statistically significant decrease in operative stress (41% decrease) with the use of preoperative CTA. Conclusion: The use of CTA for preoperative imaging in breast reconstruction is associated with improved operative outcomes. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Usefulness of vascular bundle interposition of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessels for free flap reconstruction of the calvarial defect
Authors: Sano Kazufumi , Okuda Takahisa , Aoki Ritsu , Kimura Kazumasa , Ozeki Satoru 
Published: August 2008

AbstractUsefulness of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessels as a vascular bundle interposition graft was introduced. Large calvarial defect with no recipient vessel for direct anastomosis was successfully covered with free flap nourished by the cervical vessels through the vascular bundle interposition graft of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and its venae comitantes. The vascular bundle interposition has remarkable advantages over the venous graft regarding its patency and durability, especially in the head and neck region in which grafted vessels is difficult to be set on the straight. The descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral vessels can be harvested up to 20 cm, and its diameter is suitable for interposition between conventional free flaps and recipient vessels in the head and neck region. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Stabilization of microvascular pedicles in intricate locations using fibrin glue
Authors: Schwabegger Anton H. , Engelhardt Timm O. , Jeschke Johannes 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn reconstructive microsurgery, it is occasionally advantageous to use long recipient or donor vessels for optimal flap inset. These long vessels are prone to kinking or torsion along their longitudinal axis from vessel distension during blood inflow and rising blood pressure. More often than arteries, the veins can also be compressed by overlying tissue sutured under tension or by developing edema. Reanastomosis can no longer be feasible or desirable for several reasons, and the elongated vessels may have to be shifted to a curved course. To avoid detrimental kinking or torsion, fibrin glue can be administered along this new vessel course in order to ensure stabilization. In 20 such cases, we successfully avoided complications when the danger of kinking, torsion, or vein compression was evident after successful anastomosis. On the basis of this experience, we recommend the use of fibrin glue in microsurgical procedures, especially for vessels in intricate geometrical locations. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Sensory outcome of fingertip replantations without nerve repair
Authors: Ozcelik Ismail Bulent , Tuncer Serdar , Purisa Husrev , Sezer Ilker , Mersa Berkan , Kabakas Fatih , Celikdelen Pinar 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe sensory recovery outcomes of fingertip replantations without nerve repair were retrospectively studied. Between 2000 and 2006, 112 fingertip replantations with only arterial repair were carried out in 98 patients. About 76 of the replants survived totally, with a success rate of 67.8%. Evaluation of sensory recovery was possible in 31 patients (38 replantations). Sensory evaluation was made with Semmes–Weinstein, static and dynamic two‐point discrimination, and vibration sense tests. Fingertip atrophy, nail deformities, and return to work were also evaluated. According to the Semmes–Weinstein test, 29.0% (11/38) of the fingers had normal sense, 60.5% (23/38) had diminished light touch, 7.9% (3/38) had diminished protective sensation, and 2.6% (1/38) had loss of protective sensation. Mean static and dynamic two‐point discriminations were 7.2 mm (3–11 mm), and 4.60 mm (3–6 mm), respectively. Vibratory testing revealed increased vibration in 42.1% of the fingers, decreased vibration in 36.8%, and equal vibration when compared with the non‐injured fingers in 21.1%. Atrophy was present in 14 (36.8%) fingers and negatively affected the results. Nail deformities, cold intolerance, return to work, and the effect of sensory education were investigated. Comparison of crush and clean cut injuries did not yield any significant difference in any of the parameters. Patients who received sensory education had significantly better results in sensory testing. The results were classified as excellent, good, and poor based on results of two‐point discrimination tests. The outcome was excellent in 18 fingers and good in 20 fingers. Overall, satisfactory sensory recovery was achieved in fingertip replantations without nerve repair. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2008.
Vibration testing for anomaly detection
Authors: Ammari Habib , Kang Hyeonbae , Kim Eunjoo , Lee Hyundae 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn this paper we propose an efficient method to reconstruct a small inclusion buried inside a body using the perturbation of modal parameters measured on the boundary of the body. We design a reconstruction algorithm based on the asymptotic expansions of the eigenvalue perturbations obtained by Ammari and Moskow (Math. Meth. Appl. Sci. 2003; 26:67–75). We then implement this algorithm and demonstrate its viability and limitations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure theorems for associated homogeneous distributions based on the line
Authors: Franssens Ghislain R. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAssociated homogeneous distributions (AHDs) with support in the line R are the distributional generalizations of one‐dimensional power‐log functions. In this paper, we derive a number of practical structure theorems for AHDs based on R and being complex analytic with respect to their degree of homogeneity in some region of the complex plane. Each theorem gives a representation that is designed to have a distinct advantage for calculating either convolution products, multiplication products, generalized derivatives and primitives, Fourier transforms or Hilbert transforms of AHDs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Longtime behavior for a nonlinear wave equation arising in elasto‐plastic flow
Authors: Zhijian Yang 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe paper studies the longtime behavior of solutions to the initial boundary value problem (IBVP) for a nonlinear wave equation arising in elasto‐plastic flow utt−div{|∇u|m−1∇u}−λΔut+Δ2u+g(u)=f(x). It proves that under rather mild conditions, the dynamical system associated with above‐mentioned IBVP possesses a global attractor, which is connected and has finite Hausdorff and fractal dimension in the phase spaces X1=H(Ω) × L2(Ω) and X=(H3(Ω)∩H(Ω)) × H(Ω), respectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stabilization by vertical vibrations
Authors: Núñez Daniel , Torres Pedro J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe consider a general version of the classical problem of the stabilization of the inverted pendulum by a vertical periodic vibration of the point of suspension. Instead of the usual harmonic motion, we propose an oscillatory control with a piecewise‐constant acceleration, obtaining explicit conditions over the frequency or the amplitude leading to the desired stabilization. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of selenium status and supplementation with high‐selenium yeast on plasma homocysteine and B vitamin concentrations in the UK elderly
Authors: Bekaert Bram , Cooper Matthew L. , Green Fiona R. , McNulty Helene , Pentieva Kristina , Scott John M. , Molloy Anne M. , Rayman Margaret P. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe level of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), long known to be B vitamin dependent, has recently been shown to be inversely associated with plasma selenium (Se) concentration in human subjects. We therefore, chose to investigate the interaction between Se, tHcy and B vitamins in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial where 501 healthy UK elderly volunteers were randomly allocated to receive 100, 200, or 300 μg Se/day as high‐Se‐yeast, or placebo‐yeast for 6 months. Plasma Se, tHcy, folate, vitamin B‐12, pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate (PLP) and its catabolite, 4‐pyridoxic acid, were measured in all participants at baseline and in samples from the placebo, 100 and 300 μg Se/day groups, at follow‐up. At baseline, Se was inversely correlated with tHcy but only in males (p< 0.001). Before supplementation, tHcy concentration was significantly lower in the highest compared to the lowest Se tertile in males (p< 0.05), and in females when folate concentrations were also in the top tertile (p< 0.05). The effect of folate, PLP and vitamin B‐12 concentrations on plasma tHcy correlated with Se concentration at baseline. After 6 months of Se supplementation, only Se concentration had changed significantly. Supplementation with Se does not affect tHcy concentration in the UK elderly population.
In vitro growth inhibition of mouse mammary epithelial tumor cells by methylseleninic acid: Involvement of protein kinases
Authors: Singh Uma , Null Kevin , Sinha Raghu 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMethylseleninic acid (MSeA) is a synthetic organoselenium form known to be effective against mammary carcinogenesis in vivo. Using the synchronized mouse mammary epithelial tumor cell (TM6) model, we have previously shown that 5 μM MSeA significantly inhibits cell growth and induces a reversible growth arrest in the G1 phase. In the present study, we examined the effects of MSeA on Rb, cyclin dependent kinase 2 (cdk2), cdk4, cyclin E and cyclin D1. Growth arrest of cells was accompanied by a reduction in total cdk2 kinase and cyclin E‐associated cdk2 kinase activities. The p27 levels associated with cdk2 were elevated during the cell cycle. In addition, growth inhibition correlated with a relative increase in the hypophosphorylated form of Rb in MSeA‐treated cells and Egr1 was elevated in MSeA‐treated cells. The KinetworksTM Protein Kinase Screen (KPKS 1.0) was used to examine 75 protein kinases. MSeA treatment resulted in differential expression of several protein–serine/threonine kinases, protein–tyrosine kinases and protein–threonine/tyrosine kinases. Some of these kinases are being reported for the first time as being altered by MSeA. The outcome of these experiments will be of significance since these kinases are known to be involved in survival and/or apoptotic pathways of tumor cells.
Genistein‐ and daidzein 7‐O‐β‐D‐glucuronic acid retain the ability to inhibit copper‐mediated lipid oxidation of low density lipoprotein
Authors: Kgomotso Tiny , Chiu Francis , Ng Ken 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTwo isoflavones in vivo metabolites, genistein‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucuronic acid (G7G) and daidzein‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucuronic acid (D7G) were synthesised chemically. The ability of these metabolites to scavenge an organic radical was measured by the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, while their reducing ability was measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The TEAC and FRAP values of G7G were 45 and 51% of that of genistein, while those of D7G were 52 and 77% of that of daidzein, respectively. A direct assessment of G7G and D7G antioxidant activity by their ability to delay copper(II)‐mediated lipid oxidation of human LDL showed that these metabolites retained the ability to prevent oxidation in the lipid phase, but activity was diminished compared to their corresponding aglycones. However, G7G and D7G also decreased the rate of lipid oxidation to 53 and 86% of control without isoflavones, respectively, indicating a continuous exchange of antioxidants between the aqueous environment and the LDL lipid phase during the whole oxidation period.
Improvements for the visualization of low‐molecular weight protein and peptides of human tears using MALDI
Authors: Nguyen‐Khuong Terry , Fitzgerald Anna , Zhao Zhejun , Willcox Mark , Walsh Bradley J. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMany low‐molecular weight proteins and peptides in human tears are potentially bioactive proteins but the range and number of these is yet to be fully characterized. A number of different sample preparation techniques were used to maximize the visualization of peptides from reflex tears. Samples were pretreated using precipitation and filtration techniques prior to analyses using MALDI‐TOF MS. Peptides were searched for between 700 to 4000 m/z. Sample dilution in several different buffer systems followed by filtration with a 30‐kDa cutoff filter and C18 reverse phase microcolumn purification produced significantly (p = 0.049) more peaks in tears than other methods used to prepare tears prior to MALDI‐TOF MS. This study has established a technique for optimizing the visualization of naturally occurring peptides in tears.
Lipolytic and esterolytic activity‐based profiling of murine liver
Authors: Birner‐Gruenberger Ruth , Susani‐Etzerodt Heidrun , Kollroser Manfred , Rechberger Gerald N. , Hermetter Albin 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIn lipid metabolism, the liver acts as a buffer for transient energy fluctuations. It temporarily stores fatty acids as triacylglycerol and secretes them as very low density lipoprotein into the circulation when the period of maximum lipid load has passed. The lipolytic enzymes responsible for mobilization of internal lipid stores in the liver have not been identified yet. We introduced active site‐directed chemical probes for lipolytic activity profiling in complex mixtures, known as activity‐based proteomics, and employed it for global analysis and functional annotation of lipolytic proteins in mouse adipose tissue. Here we report the combined application of two approaches using fluorescent and biotinylated probes for discovery and discrimination of lipolytic and esterolytic enzymes in mouse liver subproteomes. Proteomes labeled with the fluorescent probes were analyzed by 2‐DE while proteomes labeled with the biotinylated probe were subjected to avidin‐affinity isolation. Of 37 totally identified proteins, 15 were detected using both approaches while 14 and 8 were solely identified by 2‐DE and avidin‐affinity isolation, respectively. Moreover, 12 enzymes were classified as potential lipases and/or cholesteryl esterases by their reaction with probes specific for the respective activities directly in their proteomes.
Mountain permafrost on active volcanoes: field data and statistical mapping, Klyuchevskaya volcano group, Kamchatka, Russia
Authors: Abramov A. , Gruber S. , Gilichinsky D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPermafrost is widespread in mountainous volcanic areas of the Kamchatka Peninsula. In this paper, we describe geocryological conditions (active layer depths, permafrost temperatures, ground thermal properties and cryostratigraphy) in the Klyuchevskaya volcano group and estimate the spatial distribution of permafrost using a simple statistical model. Measured mean annual ground temperatures (MAGTs) vary from near 0°C around 950 m a.s.l. to −7°C at 2500 m a.s.l. and permafrost is predicted to occur at elevations >∼700 m a.s.l. Heat transfer modelling indicates that the maximum permafrost thickness is about 1000 m for the highest summits (∼5000 m a.s.l.). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.