bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Bacteroides fragilis LuxR gene, involved in quorum sensing, among colitis patients in Mosul, Iraq
Authors: Sulaiman Aws Ibrahim , Saad Assala 
Published: March 2024

Bacteroides fragilis is the most anaerobic bacteria that infect humans, particularly in the abdominal cavity. Its pathogenesis is linked to numerous virulence factors. Understanding these factors and exploring alternative options for the use of antibiotics in the treatment of this bacterium, molecular techniques offer several advantages over traditional culture techniques because they are easier and more specific. The present study aimed to use specific primers for the 16sRNA and LuxR genes to identify B. fragilis. Genetic identification of the B. fragilis isolates was performed using the 16SrRNA gene, and the obtained sequences were submitted to National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with accession numbers (OQ448827, OQ448828). Each strain was assigned a unique strain name, AS. AWB94 and AS. AWB79. From the total of all samples, it was found that the growth of various types of bacteria constituted ( 76%), and the samples that did not have growth formed (24%). It was noted that Bacteroidetes constituted only two isolates (2.7%), and these two isolates possessed the gene for quorum sensing (luxR gene), while the results confirmed that they do not possess the sialidase (nanH) enzyme gene. Both isolates possessed the quorum sensing gene (LuxR) out of one hundred samples. This suggests that the isolates have a quorum-sensing mechanism responsible for cell-to-cell communication, multidrug resistance, and biofilm formation.
Effect of chemical mutagen (Ethyl methane sulfonate) on Money plant (Epipremnum aureum)
Authors: More Shivani , Sahare Homraj 
Published: March 2024

Epipremnum aureum, commonly known as pothos, is a hardy indoor foliage ornamental crop. Mutation breeding in Golden pothos is needed to meet the demand for more valuable and highly sought-after cultivars. The present study aimed to exploit variability on various parameters viz. new leaf emergence, survival percentage, plant height, length and width of leaves. The experiment was set up using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Rooted cuttings of Golden pothos were treated with varying concentrations of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) for 4 hours, and a control treatment was included. The results showed that all the treated cuttings with EMS delays the new leaf emergence period compared to the control. Compared to the control, the minimum number of new leaf emergences was found in EMS-treated plants. The maximum survival percentage (100%) was recorded in 0.1%, 0.5% and control treatment. The lowest plant height (15.3 cm ) was observed in treatment T4 (1.5 % EMS) treated plants. However, maximum plant height was observed in the control treatment at 150 days of interval. In comparison to the control, EMS decreased the length and width of leaves at higher dosages. The minimum leaf length and width, i.e. 2.40 cm and 1.20 cm, were recorded in plants treated with EMS at 2%, while maximum length and width were observed in control and low EMS-treated plants. The study showed that ethyl methane sulfonate affected plant development characteristics and showed some dwarfness of money plants. This appears to be the first report of EMS treatment on pothos.
Dissecting the biochemical and hormonal changes of thidiazuron on defoliation of cotton CO17 (Gossypium hirsutum) to enhance mechanical harvest efficiency
Authors: Perumal Chandrasekaran , Subiramaniyan Ashok   , Natarajan Ashokkumar , Arumugam Rajeshkumar , Ramasamy Ajaykumar , Sivalingam Ramadass , Sivasubramanian Karpagavalli 
Published: March 2024

Using chemical defoliants to remove cotton leaves represents a groundbreaking shift in cotton cultivation. The mechanization of cotton harvest is increasing, but a substantial amount of foliage that remains on the plant even at maturity is the major barrier for mechanical harvest. Properly completing mechanical and manual harvests requires artificial leaf detachment through defoliants. Still there is no proper defoliant concentration, application times and mechanism of action available. Therefore, the present study aimed to find an effective defoliant and application time to enhance mechanical harvest efficiency, along with a clear description of the mechanism of actions in cotton CO17 (Gossypium hirsutum). The field experiment was conducted during the year 2019-20 and used five concentrations of Thidiazuron defoliant (100, 150, 200, 250 and 300ppm) and Ethephon@0.5% (T2) in cotton variety CO17 to study the physiological, biochemical and hormonal responses at 120, 127 and 134 days after sowing. As a result, the concentrations of plant growth hormones, indole-3 acetic acid (4.9 fold), zeatin (32.7%) and gibberellic acid (7 fold) reduced. In contrast, abscisic acid (48.6%), jasmonic acid (34.9%), salicylic acid (2.15 fold) increased in the T7- Thidiazuron + Diuron (300 ppm) treatment followed by T5-Thidiazuron + Diuron (200 ppm). Additionally, the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, cellulase in leaves, petiole and bolls were decreased due to defoliant T5- Thidiazuron + Diuron (200 ppm) followed by T7-Thidiazuron + Diuron (300 ppm), indicating that the hormone concentration, antioxidative and hydrolytic enzymes are ruled out and forces the defoliation process.
Isolation and extraction of gallic acid from Hylocereus undatus and a biochemical and histological study on laboratory Wistar albino rats with induced rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ibrahim Muthana Salahuddin , Baker Luma Abd Almunim 
Published: March 2024

The herb Hylocereus undatus, which is rich in phytochemicals and thought to contain antioxidants comparable to those in its peel, has a lot of promise for use in the food field. The presented study aimed to study the protective effect of the aqueous extrac and the active compounds (gallic acid) isolated from the dragon fruit (H. undates) to lessen the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) induced by Freund's Complete Adjuvant (CFA)) by studying some of the changes in biochemical and histochemical parameters. The Wistar albino rats (male) were divided into four groups viz., Group I : A negative control group, dosed only with plain water orally, Group II : Induced for RA by CFA, a positive control group; Group III: dosed with aqueous extract of the fruit of H. undatus (kg/500 mg); and Group IV: dosed with gallic acid isolated from this fruit (kg/mg20). The results showed a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), platelet, interleukin 6 ( IL-6), and RF in rats treated with CFA and a significant decrease in Hb compared to the negative control group. There was a significant decrease of MDA, Platelet, IL-6, and RF in the groups treated with aqueous extract and a significant increase in Hb compared with the positive control group while there was a significant decrease in each of MDA, platelets, IL-6, and RF. Based on a histological analysis, the study group's liver and kidneys had smaller lesions and different abnormalities than the control . Thus, the fruit plant's gallic acid extracts were protective in reducing RA damage caused by CFA and improving kidney and liver tissue.
Identification and characterizations of a few species of Fusarium infecting cucumber in greenhouse conditions
Authors: Hussein Ali Nasir , Al-Janabi Haider Jawad. K. , Al-Janabi Jawad K. Abood , Al-Shujairi Ali R. Shakir 
Published: March 2024

One of the most problematic and devastating diseases affecting cucumber production is Fusarium wilt (Cucumis sativus L.). The present study aimed to characterize Fusarium species isolated from three different regions of cucumber fields in Babylon province, Iraq and identify them based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses. This study showed the presence of Fusarium incarnatum, F. solani and F. oxysporum in cucumber roots. Fusarium species were phylogenetically analyzed based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. All Fusarium isolates were pathogenic to cucumber cultivars but varied significantly in their growth and pathogenicity toward cucumber seeds during the experiment. F. solani-2 was greater in growth and pathogenicity than all other Fusarium species. In contrast, F. solani-1 was the lowest. The data obtained from morphological and molecular studies sufficiently supported each other, and the phylogenetic trees based on ITS were distinguished. Closely related species and distinctly separated all morphological taxa. These findings are reported for the first time for the cucumber plant in Babylon province. All these ITS sequences showed homologous to those of Fusarium species isolates in the GenBank database with a similarity percentage of 99%. To the best of present knowledge, this is the first molecular record of F. incarnatum on the cucumber plants in Iraq. The study concluded that F. incarnatum was reported for the first time in Iraq and worldwide as a causal agent of wilt disease in cucumber plants. The three species of Fusarium have different pathogenic abilities, highlighting their disease incidence, growth, and pathogenicity.
Active compounds of Michelia champaca bark extract against Curvularia verruculosa fungi causing leaf spot disease in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Bawa I Gusti Agung Gede , Santi Sri Rahayu , Rita Wiwik Susanah , Suryanadi Olan , Indyan Gek 
Published: March 2024

Curvularia verruculosa fungal causes leaf spot disease in rice plants. The bark extract of Michelia champaca could inhibit the growth of the fungi. The present research aimed to know the active compound responsible for antifungal activity. Extraction was done using the Maceration method, antifungal activity was measured using the Diffusion well method, and identification of active compounds was carried out using Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The methanol extract obtained had a yield of 18.7%. It showed strong activity against C. verruculosa with an inhibition zone until 30.01 mm. The fractionation results showed that n-hexane extract (HE) was the strongest inhibiting the growth of C. verruculosa (32.45 mm), followed by chloroform extract (CE) (29.20 mm), while n-butanol extract (BE) was not active. Separating active compounds from HE extract was made using Column chromatography (CC) method with silica gel as the stationary phase and the mixture of n-hexane-acetone (3:1) as the mobile phase. This separation resulted in 5 combined fractions; HE3 and HE5 extracts showed very strong activity against C. verruculosa, with a diameter of the inhibition zone of 26.73 and 33.46 mm, respectively; HE2 extract showed strong activity with a diameter of the inhibition zone of 15.21 mm, while HE1 and HE4 extracts did not show activity. Identification using GC-MS, especially the HE3 extract, revealed that the extract contained two compounds: tributyl acetyl citrate and terephthalic acid, dodecyl-2-ethylhexyl ester. The result indicated that the bark extract of M. champaca had the potential to be a botanical fungicide.
Metaphor, Meaning, and Critical Thinking: PATHS' Contributions to Language Usage
Authors: Borri Matteo , Calzone Samuele , Carluccio Maria Di 
Published: March 2024

Despite the existence of various interpretations, Critical Thinking is
generally acknowledged as a process utilized to identify and resolve
problems, as well as the ability to assess a solution based on evidence.
Many authors commonly agree that Critical Thinking is an Educational
Objective or even an Art, complete with its own goals, principles, and
strategies: itinvolves the skill of formulating coherent and logical
judgments through the interpretation, comprehension, application, and
synthesis of evidence acquired through observation, reading, and
experimentation. However, what truly makes it indispensable for personal
development and student education is its contribution to
decision-making. Thus, critical thinking is rational and reflective
thinking focused on determining what to believe or do. In this
sense, it can be distilled down to a set of skills that enable the most
objective analysis of the collected information, facilitating its
evaluation and interpretation to arrive at clear and reproducible
conclusions
PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI YANG DITANAM DALAM KONDISI JENUH AIR MELALUI PEMBERIAN P ANORGANIK DAN KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DI ULTISOL
Authors: Wulandari Annisa , Pujiwati Hesti , Murcitro Bambang Gonggo , Marwanto Marwanto , Putri Elsa Lolita 
Published: March 2024

[ENHANCING GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN GROWN UNDER WATER-SATURATED CONDITIONS BY INORGANIC P AND EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH COMPOST AMENDMENTS IN ULTISOL]. The saturated soil culture practices with which to obtain high yield of soybean in Ultisol, characterized by high acidity, nutrient deficiencies and imbalances, should be developed. This study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effects of empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost combined with inorganic P application on growth and yield of soybean under water-saturated culture in Ultisol. This research was carried out from September to December 2022 in the rice field located in Kemumu Village, Arma Jaya District, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province at an altitude of ±541 m above sea level. The field experiment was performed in factorial scheme based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments included EFB compost as first factor at four levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 t/ha) and application of SP36 as second factor at four rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg/ha). Results show that Ultisol amended with a combination of 15 t/ha EFB compost and 75 kg/ha P2O5 resulted in the highest number of seeds per plant (about 142.266 seeds). The number of productive branches, fresh shoot weight, root dry weight, and root nodule weight was the highest in soil solely ammended with EFB compost at 15 t/ha. The sole P application at 225 kg/ha significantly (p<0.05) increased root dry weight and root nodule weight. Thus, under saturated soil culture, application of EFB compost and inorganic P in sole or combination would be the recommended nutrient management practice for enhancing soybean agronomic prformances in this acid soil.
IDENTIFIKASI KOMPOSISI DAN JENIS LIMBAH CAIR DI GILI AIR KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Swandayani Rosalina Edy , Sulastri Meilinda Pahriana 
Published: March 2024

Limbah yang merupakan sisa dari kegiatan makhluk hidup yang tidak digunakan lagi sebagian besar bersumber dari kegiatan manusia seperti industri, rumah tangga, instansi, dan lain-lain. Limbah yang tidak diolah dengan baik menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab pencemaran lingkungan yang dapat berdampak buruk terhadap lingkungan dan makhluk hidup. Sektor pariwisata di Gili Air yang sedang berkembang dengan pesat akan membawa dampak negatif terhadap jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan dan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan jika pengelolaan limbah tidak dilakukan dengan baik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi dan jenis limbah cair di kawasan pariwisata Gili Air. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif eksploratif yang dilakukan di kawasan pariwisata Gili Air. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan studi pendahuluan yang meliputi studi literatur dan observasi lapangan, pengambilan data dengan melakukan survey di Gili Air. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh sumber limbah cair yaitu cairan bekas kamar mandi (bekas mandi dan mencuci), WC (kotoran manusia) dan dapur (sisa cuci peralatan memasak, cuci sayuran) yang bersumber dari permukiman, hotel dan restoran. Komposisi limbah cair di kawasan permukiman didominasi oleh limbah cair yang berasal dari kamar mandi dengan persentase 59.4%, sedangkan kawasan hotel dan restoran didominasi oleh limbah dapur dengan persentase komposisi limbah masing-masing 42,1% dan 49,7% dan Jumlah limbah cair di Gili Air paling banyak dihasilkan oleh restoran sebanyak 355,9 m3 per hari.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MELAKUKAN AKUISISI
Authors: Zumarnis Hafizah , Andriani Sonja 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the comparative financial performance of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) that made acquisitions in 2019, two years before and two years after the acquisition. Performance comparison are measured using financial ratios, including ROA, TATO, and DER. This research is quantitative research with sampling techniques using purposive sampling techniques. The data analysis method uses descriptive statistical analysis, data normality test, and paired sample t-test hypothesis testing. Based on the results of research on the entire company, it shows that the ROA, TATO, and DER ratios have no significant difference between before and after the acquisition. The results of this study are used so that companies can pay more attention to the condition of their financial performance between before and after the acquisition so that the company can achieve the expected acquisition objectives, namely generating better synergies in the future. In addition, this financial performance measurement can provide a source of information for investors, related to the condition of the company's financial performance between before and after the acquisition, so that it can provide a consideration for investors when investing in companies that make acquisitions.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA PADA KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Authors: Bahrul Bahrul , Desmiyawati Desmiyawati , Nurulita Suci 
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the factors that have an impact on village fund management accountability, which consists of internal control systems, financial report accessibility, community participation, and information technology utilization on village fund management accountability in Kuantan Singingi district. This study is aquantitative research. The population in this study is a village in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province. The sample in this research is a developing village in Kuantan Singingi, Riau Province and uses purposive sampling method. The type of data used in this research is primary data. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The analytical method used is Multiple Regression Analysis. The statistical findings of this study reveal that the factors of Internal Control System, Community Participation, and Information Technology Utilization impact the Accountability of Village Fund Management but not the Accessibility of Financial Reports. As a consequence, it is intended that this research will contribute to the growth of accounting literature, and that the findings would be useful to the Village Government in managing its strategic actions.
MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN DOSEN, PENGARUHNYA PADA LITERASI KEUANGAN MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNIVERSITAS PATTIMURA
Authors: Putuhena Hempry , Fauzan M. Rifkhi , Zalni Zalni 
Published: March 2024

Financial literacy focuses on understanding and implementing financial concepts it in real life. This study aims to examine the influence of learning motivation and service quality of lecturers on student financial literacy. These two variables are very rarely investigated by previous studies. To answer these questions quantitative research methods using the SPSS application. Questionnaires used to be processed with SPSS to answer research questions from as many as 192 respondents. 192 respondents were Pattimura University accounting students who were studying in the even semester of 2022/2023 and were willing to voluntarily become respondents. The results show that motivation affects literacy while the financial quality of lecturer services does not affect financial literacy. Thus, the lecturer always fosters a spirit of student motivation in the activities of each lecture so that students continue to increase their understanding of financial literacy
Гобетти П. Достоевский как классик и мистик русской литературы
Authors: Muromtseva A. , Illarionova A. 
Published: March 2024

<p>In an essay written in 1921, the Italian thinker, writer and publisher Piero Gobetti conducts a critical analysis of the creative heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky from certain positions. Exploring the spiritual and moral problems of the Russian writer, the author creates an integral image of Dostoevsky the classic and categorically does not recognize Dostoevsky the mystic, pointing out that mysticism in his work stems from the style itself — the «torturous psychological analysis» of life. The original text is a fragment of the earliest edition of P. Gobetti's collection «Paradox of the Russian Spirit» («Paradosso dello spirito russo», (1926)), not translated into Russian. An analysis of general cultural reflections on the role of the Russian intelligentsia and the role of Russian literature in the collection is given in the article of this issue «“The Paradox of the Russian Spirit” by Piero Gobetti». </p><p>The translation was made according to the publication: Gobetti P. “Dostoievschi”, <em>Paradosso dello spirito russo</em>. Torino: Edizioni del Baretti, 1926. 256 p. URL: <a href="https://archive.org/details/paradossodellosp0000gobe/page/n9/mode/1up" target="_blank">https://archive.org/details/paradossodellosp0000gobe/page/n9/mode/1up</a></p>
ظاهرة الاقتراض اللغوي في اللغة التاميلية من اللغة العربية
Authors: محمد غوث محمد إنصاف  , عبد الرؤوف محمد معصوم  , محمد حفيز محمد شريف  , عاصم شحادة صالح علي  
Published: March 2024

تعد ظاهرة الاقتراض من أبرز الظواهر اللغوية التي تكاد تطرد كل لغات العالم، وهي التي تقوم بين اللغات من خلال استعارة بعضها من بعض عناصر لغوية؛ صوتيةٍ لفظيةٍ وصرفيةٍ وإعرابيةٍ، ولا سيما من ناحية الألفاظ، باعتبار أن هذه العملية تسهم في إثراء اللغة المنقول إليها وتطويرها؛ من خلال جعل تلك الألفاظ جزءً لا يتجزأ في قاموس اللغة المتلقية. واللغة التاميلية التي اللغة الأم لمعظم مسلمي سريلانكا ليست خارجة عن هذه الظاهرة، بل من خلال احتكاكها باللغة العربية أدخَلت إلى قاموسها ألفاظًا عربيةً، ولهذا فإن الدراسة تهدف إلى الكشف عن دوافع الاقتراض اللغوي اللفظي في اللغة التاميلية من العربية، وكذلك تسليط الضوء على نماذج من الكلمات المقترضة بقصد تحديدها وفق أنواع الاقتراض اللغوي التي أشار إليها علماء اللغة المحدثون، فضلا عن تصنيف تلك الكلمات على حسب الموضوعات. ولتحقيق الأهداف المنشودة يعتمد الباحثون على منهج الملاحظة الذي يتمّ بالمراقبة الدقيقة لظاهرة الاقتراض اللفظي في التاميلية من العربية في تعاملات لغوية لدى مسلمي سريلانكا، وكذلك المنهج الاستقرائي لمحاولة تتبع نماذج مقترضةٍ لغويةٍ تضمنتها الكتب الإسلامية التاميلية المكتوبة بالحروف العربية. توصلت هذه الدراسة إلى نتائج مهمة، ومنها: أن هناك دوافع خاصة أدت إلى اندماج الكلمات العربية في التاميلية، بجانب الأسباب العامة التي ترجع إليها استعارة أي لغة من لغة أخرى، وكذلك فإن التاميلية اقترضت أحيانا من العربية كلماتٍ واستخدمتها على حالها دون أي تغيير في صيغتها وصوتها؛ وهو ما يسمى الاقتراض الكامل، وأحيانا أخرى ظلت الكلمات المقترضة متأثرةً بالنظام الصوتي للتاميلية؛ وأُطلِق عليها اقتراضا معدّلا، وأيضا يمكن تصنيف النماذج المقترضة على عدة موضوعات: دعوية، ودينية، وفقهية؛ وعقدية وغير ذلك.