bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Dasar-Dasar Tata Bahasa Inggris Bagi Santri Yayasan Wihdatul Ummah Menggunakan Teknik Dictogloss
Authors: Nuraeni Cicih , Jimmi Jimmi , Aprillia Aprillia 
Published: February 2024

Pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, wawasan serta kompetensi bagi para santri, terutama Bahasa Inggris. Kegiatan ini berfokus pada pelatihan tata Bahasa Inggris dengan jenis materi yang disesuaikan dengan karakter dan kebutuhan para santri. Teknik pembelajaran tata bahasa yang digunakan pada pelatihan tata Bahasa Inggris ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik Dictogloss (dikte). Dictogloss adalah aktivitas dikte kelas di mana peserta didik diharuskan merekonstruksi teks pendek dengan mendengarkan dan mencatat kata-kata kunci, yang kemudian digunakan sebagai basis untuk membuat sebuah kalimat lengkap. Pelatihan ini diikuti oleh 30 santri dengan kisaran usia 10 sampai dengan 13 tahun. Dikarenakan masih dalam keadaan pandemic Covid-19 maka pelatihan ini dilaksanakan secara daring yaitu dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi Zoom. Hasil yang diharapkan adalah para santri dapat membuat kalimat dalam Bahasa Inggris dengan tata Bahasa yang baik dan benar
Analisis pemecahan masalah pada soal cerita matematika materi pengukuran kelas IV SDN Jembangan 1 tahun ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Putri Isnaini , Handayani Sri 
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze problem solving in mathematics word problems on pengukuran material and to describe what factors influence problem solving in mathematics word problems on pengukuran material for high, medium, and low category students in Class IV of SDN Jembangan 1 in the 2022/2023 academic year. The research was conducted at SDN Jembangan 1 in the 2022/2023 academic year with descriptive qualitative research. Data collection methods are observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The research subjects were fourth grade students. Using triangulation techniques. Learners with high categories are able to understand the problem, make plans and carry out plans. Learners are able to look back at answers. Learners with moderate categories are able to complete the story problem test with problem solving indicators well but in changing the unit is still wrong so that the final answer is not correct. Learners with low ability have not been able to find the right way to solve problems so that they make the answer incorrect.
Keywords: Problem Solving, Mathematics Story Problems, pengukuran Material.
TikTok Effect: Study Of Citayam Fashion Week
Authors: Zubaidi Advan Navis 
Published: February 2024

This study looks into how TikTok mediated the activities of its users in exploring fashion hobbies, particularly in the street event known as Citayam Fashion Week (CFW). Previous studies looked into TikTok as a social media used for various purposes, including health information platforms, promotion channels, and education resources. This study aims to provide a distinct point of view of TikTok, specifically in the Indonesian context, by looking into TikTok as a social space for people from diverse backgrounds. Further, this study also will investigate how TikTok mediated its users to express their interests or hobbies, and how the fact will impact their social life. In doing so, I employ qualitative content analysis to examine online materials related to CFW. It includes videos uploaded on online platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, or mainstream media outlets. This study found that TikTok dissolves the boundaries between social classes. TikTok users from different backgrounds could express their ideas without the necessity of specific requirements. In addition, TikTok also economically affects people involved in its content, either actors on the TikTok video or people behind the scenes.
Percepción de docentes frente a la inclusión de migrantes en el sistema educativo público en la localidad de Kennedy.
Authors: Rios Olarte Nelson 
Published: February 2024

El presente análisis tiene la finalidad de aportar en la discusión sobre el fenómeno migratorio en relación con el proceso de inclusión en el sistema educativo, para ello, se tendrán en cuenta dos momentos: El primero, una caracterización de la migración como concepto y destacando el movimiento de personas que se da actualmente entre Venezuela y Colombia, además del panorama de la educación y el papel que desempeña en la inclusión de los estudiantes migrantes. En segundo lugar, se presenta los resultados de entrevistas realizadas a docentes de la localidad de Kennedy, en el marco de la investigación doctoral denominada: “Inclusión de migrantes venezolanos en edad escolar en el sistema educativo público: estudio de caso en la localidad de Kennedy, Bogotá”.
Para el análisis de los resultados se tuvo en cuenta el desarrollo de tres categorías: 1) la inclusión de migrantes, 2) el contexto educativo, 3) contexto económico y social. La metodología de investigación es el estudio de caso, ya que busca la comprensión de un fenómeno social de interés por su particularidad. Es importante aclarar que su utilización permite clarificar los hallazgos encontrados en la vía cuantitativa, el caso mencionado es la población migrante en edad escolar y los docentes son el ámbito a quien es consultada su percepción.
Afiliação do estudante universitário: uma análise a partir da Psicologia Cultural Semiótica
Authors: Do Espirito Santo Freire Klessyo , Ribeiro Cortez Cardozo Barata de Almeida Hessel Beatriz , Dazzani Maria Virginia Machado , Marsico Giuseppina 
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta um estudo que teve como objetivo compreender o processo de afiliação à vida universitária. Para isso, se fundamentou na perspectiva da Psicologia Cultural Semiótica que enfoca a análise das trajetórias desenvolvimentais e a produção de significados na relação entre pessoa e ambiente. Como método, foi realizado um estudo de caso de perspectiva qualitativa, idiográfica e microgenética. Os dados foram coletados no final do ano de 2021 através de entrevista semiestruturada e foram analisados a partir da elaboração de categorias temáticas. Como resultados, encontrou-se que o contexto universitário pode catalisar a sensação de não pertencimento ou de não lugar para o estudante, caracterizando-se como um local passível de reproduzir preconceitos e discriminações de raça, gênero, classe e orientação sexual. Além disso, a experiência construída no contexto universitário possui alta carga afetiva, sendo, portanto, experienciada na dimensão afetivo-semiótica. Sugere-se o aprofundamento de mais investigações com esse objeto de estudo, visando a contribuição para a permanência no estudante na universidade, bem como para a construção de políticas públicas de assistência ao sofrimento psíquico do estudante.
"Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Parents Regarding Dental Radiography for Children: A Cross Sectional Questionnaire Study"
Authors: Shah Susmita , Dave Bhavna , Deshpande Anshula , Kariya Pratik , Chari Deepika 
Published: February 2024

Background:The use of x-rays as a diagnostic module is quite useful in modern medicine and dentistry. Every radiological procedure should be justified and designed to keep the radiation risk as low as possible, although the exposure to dental x-rays is relatively small.Aim:Aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of parents towards dental radiography for children.

Methodology A total of 60 questionnaires were distributed in three languages, based on their language preferences, to parents (English, Hindi and Gujarati). The questionnaire was completed by the participants during the same visit. The questionnaire included two sets of questions to test the knowledge and attitude of parents to x-rays.
Results:A total of 58 out of 60 questionnaires were filled completely. Only 32.3% of participants considered x-rays were harmful, while 67.2% thought they were safe. However, 58.6% of participants agreed that the dentist explained them about risk of x-rays.

Conclusion: The study concluded that practicing dentists should be encouraged to follow X-ray safety regulations. Overall, parental knowledge of dental radiographs and associated factors was found to be lacking.

Keywords: parent’s awareness, dental radiograph, knowledge, radiation exposure.
Incident comorbidities in patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy: a multicenter nationwide study
Authors: Díez Juan J. , Anda Emma , Pérez-Corral Begoña , Paja Miguel , Alcázar Victoria , Sánchez-Ragnarsson Cecilia , Orois Aida , Romero-Lluch Ana R. , Sambo Marcel , Oleaga Amelia , Caballero Águeda , Alhambra María R. , Urquijo Virginia , Delgado-Lucio Ana M. , Fernández-García José C. , Kishore-Doulatram Viyey , Dueñas-Disotuar Suset , Martín Tomás , Peinado Mercedes , Sastre Julia 
Published: February 2024

PurposePopulation-based and registry studies have shown that chronic hypoparathyroidism is accompanied by long-term complications. We aimed to evaluate the risk of incident comorbidity among patients with chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism in real-life clinical practice in Spain.MethodsWe performed a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including patients with chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism lasting ≥3 years with at least a follow-up visit between January 1, 2022 and September 15, 2023 (group H). The prevalence and incidence of chronic complications including chronic kidney disease, nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, central nervous system disease, mental health disorders, eye disorders, bone mineral density alterations, fracture and cancer were evaluated. Patient data were compared with a group of patients who did not develop hypoparathyroidism, matched by gender, age, and follow-up time after thyroidectomy (group NH).ResultsWe included 337 patients in group H (median [IQR] age, 45 [36-56] years; median time of follow-up, 8.9 [6.0-13.0] years; women, 84.3%) and 669 in group NH (median age, 47 [37-55] years; median time of follow-up, 8.0 [5.3-12.0] years; women, 84.9%). No significant differences were found in the prevalence of comorbidities at the time of thyroidectomy between both groups. In multivariable adjusted analysis, patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism had significantly higher risk of incident chronic kidney disease (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.72-6.91; P&lt;0.001), nephrolithiasis (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.55-7.22; P=0.002), and cardiovascular disease (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.14-3.60; P=0.016), compared with patients without hypoparathyroidism. On the contrary, the risk of fracture was decreased in patients with hypoparathyroidism (OR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.70; P=0.021).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that, in the clinical practice of Spanish endocrinologists, a significant increase in the risk of chronic kidney disease, nephrolithiasis and cardiovascular disease, as well as a reduction in the risk of fractures is detected. These results are of interest for the development of new clinical guidelines and monitoring protocols for patients with hypoparathyroidism.
IL-6 signaling drives self-renewal and alternative activation of adipose tissue macrophages
Authors: Ackermann Jan , Arndt Lilli , Fröba Janine , Lindhorst Andreas , Glaß Markus , Kirstein Michaela , Hobusch Constance , Wunderlich F. Thomas , Braune Julia , Gericke Martin 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionObesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue (AT) and an increase of AT macrophages (ATMs) that is linked to the onset of type 2 diabetes. We have recently shown that neutralization of interleukin (IL)-6 in obese AT organ cultures inhibits proliferation of ATMs, which occurs preferentially in alternatively activated macrophage phenotype.MethodsIn this study, we investigated AT biology and the metabolic phenotype of mice with myeloid cell-specific IL-6Rα deficiency (Il6raΔmyel) after normal chow and 20 weeks of high-fat diet focusing on AT inflammation, ATM polarization and proliferation. Using organotypical AT culture and bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) of IL-4Rα knockout mice (Il4ra-/-) we studied IL-6 signaling.ResultsObese Il6raΔmyel mice exhibited no differences in insulin sensitivity or histological markers of AT inflammation. Notably, we found a reduction of ATMs expressing the mannose receptor 1 (CD206), as well as a decrease of the proliferation marker Ki67 in ATMs of Il6raΔmyel mice. Importantly, organotypical AT culture and BMDM data of Il4ra-/- mice revealed that IL-6 mediates a shift towards the M2 phenotype independent from the IL-6/IL-4Rα axis.DiscussionOur results demonstrate IL-4Rα-independent anti-inflammatory effects of IL-6 on macrophages and the ability of IL-6 to maintain proliferation rates in obese AT.
Systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR and LMR) linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk
Authors: Liu Ke , Tang Shiyun , Liu Chenhao , Ma Jianli , Cao Xiyu , Yang Xiuli , Zhu Yi , Chen Ke , Liu Ya , Zhang Chuantao , Liu Yi 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundSystemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers including systemic immune inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) have been demonstrated to be associated with the risk and severity of various liver diseases. However, studies on their role and clinical significance in metabolic diseases, especially in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are limited and results are inconsistent.Methods10821 adults aged 20 years or older were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, sourced from six cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Survey-weighted logistic regression was employed to investigate the correlation between systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR, and LMR) and NAFLD risk. Restricted cubic spline regression models and segmented regression models were used to describe nonlinear relationships and threshold effects. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsAfter adjusting for all confounding variables, there was a significant positive association observed between ln-transformed SII (OR= 1.46, 95% CI: 1.27-1.69, P &lt;0.001), NLR (OR= 1.25, 95% CI: 1.05-1.49, P =0.015), LMR (OR= 1.39, 95% CI: 1.14-1.69, P = 0.002) with NAFLD. A nonlinear dose-response relationship with an inverted “U”-shaped threshold of 4.64 was observed between ln(PLR) and NAFLD risk. When ln(PLR) was below 4.64, each unit increase in ln(PLR) was associated with a 0.55-fold increase in the risk of NAFLD (OR= 1.55, 95% CI: 1.05-2.31, P &lt;0.05). Conversely, when ln(PLR) exceeded 4.64, each unit increase in ln(PLR) was associated with a 0.40-fold decrease in the risk of NAFLD (OR= 0.60, 95% CI. 0.44-0.81, P &lt;0.05).Conclusionln-transformed SII, NLR, and LMR were linearly associated with NAFLD risk. ln(PLR) showed an inverted “U”-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship with the risk of NAFLD.
Stroke-associated pneumonia according to mCDC criteria: impact on prognosis and antibiotic therapy
Authors: Rabaneda-Lombarte Neus , Faura Júlia , Ezcurra-Díaz Garbiñe , Olivé-Gadea Marta , Álvarez-Larruy Marta , Vidal-de Francisco Diana , Domínguez-Mayoral Ana , Avellaneda Carla , Freijo Mari Mar , Zapata-Arriaza Elena , Serrano-Heras Gemma , Alcahut-Rodríguez Cristian , Fernández-Pérez Isabel , Moniche Francisco , Pérez-Sánchez Soledad , Millán Mònica , Rubiera Marta , Dorado Laura , Maisterra Olga , Montaner Joan , Bustamante Alejandro 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveThe modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (mCDC) criteria have been proposed for diagnosing and managing stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). The objective was to investigate the impact of SAP on stroke outcome depending on whether or not it conforms to mCDC criteria. Our secondary objective was to identify the responsible factors for antibiotic initiation in stroke patients.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study of ischemic stroke patients with moderate to severe stroke (NIHSS≥4) admitted within 24 h. For 7 days, mCDC criteria were assessed daily, and infections and antibiotics were recorded. Pneumonias were divided into those fulfilling mCDC criteria (mCDC-SAP) or not (other pneumonias, OPn). The effect of each type of pneumonia on 3-month outcome was evaluated in separated logistic regression models. Factors associated with antibiotic initiation were explored using a random forest analysis.ResultsOf the 342 patients studied, infections were diagnosed in 72 (21.6%), including 39 (11.7%) cases of pneumonia. Of them, 25 (7.5%) fulfilled mCDC criteria. Antibiotics were used in 92% of mCDC-SAP and 64.3% of OPn. In logistic regression analysis, mCDC-SAP, but not OPn, was an independent predictor of poor outcome [OR, 4.939 (1.022–23.868)]. The random forest analysis revealed that fever had the highest importance for antibiotic initiation.InterpretationThe mCDC criteria might be useful for detecting clinically relevant SAP, which is associated with poor outcomes. Isolated signs of infection were more important for antibiotic initiation than compliance with pre-defined criteria. Therefore, adherence to mCDC criteria might result in antibiotic saving without compromising clinical outcome.
Prediction of pulmonary infection in patients with severe myelitis by NPAR combined with spinal cord lesion segments
Authors: Yang Fan , Dong Ruirui , Wang Yating , Guo Junshuang , Zang Qiuling , Wen Lijun , Huang Peipei , Qin Jinjin , Song Dandan , Ren Zhiping , Teng Junfang , Miao Wang 
Published: February 2024

ObjectivesTo investigate the risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with severe myelitis and construct a prediction model.MethodsThe clinical data of 177 patients with severe myelitis at admission from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The predicting factors associated with pulmonary infection were screened by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the nomogram model was constructed, and the predictive efficiency of the model was evaluated, which was verified by calibration curve, Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and decision curve analysis.ResultsOf the 177 patients with severe myelitis, 38 (21.5%) had pulmonary infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio (NPAR) (OR = 6.865, 95%CI:1.746–26.993, p = 0.006) and high cervical cord lesion (OR = 2.788, 95%CI:1.229–6.323, p = 0.014) were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection, and the combined nomogram could easily predict the occurrence of pulmonary infection, with a C-index of 0.766 (95% CI: 0.678–0.854). The calibration curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test (χ2 = 9.539, p = 0.299) and decision curve analysis showed that the model had good consistency and clinical applicability.ConclusionThe nomogram model constructed based on NPAR combined with high cervical cord lesion at admission has good clinical application value in predicting pulmonary infection in patients with severe myelitis, which is conducive to clinicians’ evaluation of patients.
Binocular function in the aging visual system: fusion, suppression, and stereoacuity
Authors: Song Yutong , Wang Xi , Liao Meng , Baldwin Alex S. , Liu Longqian 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionChanges in vision that occur in normal healthy aging can be seen in fundamental measures of monocular vision. However, the nature of the changes in binocular vision with age remain unclear.MethodsA total of 28 older (53–66 years) and 28 younger adults (20–31 years) were enrolled in this study. We performed a battery of tests to assess differences in monocular contrast thresholds and various binocular visual functions including dichoptic masking weight and strength, the binocular balance point for fused stimuli, and stereoacuity in the aging and control groups.ResultsAging significantly increased monocular contrast thresholds (p &lt; 0.001). Although this suggests that aging reduces the effective “input gain” to vision, we also found a significantly elevated contribution of those weaker signals to interocular suppression (p &lt; 0.001). Consequently, there was no significant net difference in the strength of interocular suppression (p = 0.065). We did not find a significant difference of absolute balance point between the two groups (p = 0.090). Lastly, the mean stereoacuity was worse in the older group compared to the younger group (p = 0.002).DiscussionOur findings confirm previous results showing differences in contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity with aging. Furthermore, we find a change in interocular suppression that is a possible consequence of the change in contrast sensitivity. It is suggestive of a cortical system that maintains a homeostatic balance in interocular suppression across the lifespan.
Optical measurement of glutamate release robustly reports short-term plasticity at a fast central synapse
Authors: Hain Paul Jakob Habakuk , Moser Tobias 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionRecently developed fluorescent neurotransmitter indicators have enabled direct measurements of neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft. Precise optical measurements of neurotransmitter release may be used to make inferences about presynaptic function independent of electrophysiological measurements.MethodsHere, we express iGluSnFR, a genetically encoded glutamate reporter in mouse spiral ganglion neurons to compare electrophysiological and optical readouts of presynaptic function and short-term synaptic plasticity at the endbulb of Held synapse.ResultsWe show iGluSnFR robustly and approximately linearly reports glutamate release from the endbulb of Held during synaptic transmission and allows assessment of short-term plasticity during high-frequency train stimuli. Furthermore, we show that iGluSnFR expression slightly alters the time course of spontaneous postsynaptic currents, but is unlikely to impact measurements of evoked synchronous release of many synaptic vesicles.DiscussionWe conclude that monitoring glutamate with optical sensors at fast and large central synapses like the endbulb of Held is feasible and allows robust quantification of some, but not all aspects of glutamate release.