bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molybdenum‐Catalysed and ‐Mediated Cycloaddition Reactions: Efficient Synthesis of Complex Products from 1‐Oxa‐1,3‐dienes and Cyclotrienes or ‐tetraenes
Authors: Schmidt Thomas 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMolybdenum‐mediated [6 + 2]‐cycloaddition reactions of unsaturated ketones to cyclotri‐ or ‐tetraenes, e.g. cyclohepta‐1,3,5‐triene or cyclooctatetraene, proceed under very mild conditions, in high yields and with excellent stereoselectivity starting from the appropriate dicarbonylbis[π4‐(1‐oxa‐1,3‐diene)]molybdenum complexes. The stereochemistry of the product arising from the reaction of dicarbonylbis[π4‐(5‐methylhex‐3‐en‐2‐one)]molybdenum with cyclohepta‐1,3,5‐triene allows one to deduce a stepwise mechanism for this addition. The reactants are fused, as would be expected from an exo‐type approach, thus indicating an intermolecular attack of the cycloheptatriene. Tungsten oxadiene complexes are effective in analogous reactions at somewhat reduced reaction rates. Catalytic cycloadditions are observed in several cases when 1–5 mol% of the highly reactive dicarbonylbis[π4‐(R‐(+)‐pinocarvone)]molybdenum is employed as the catalyst. Cycloadducts are formed diastereospecifically in most cases. When cyclooctatrienes are employed as reactants, a sequence of electrocyclization of the triene and subsequent [4 + 2]‐cycloadditon occurs with high selectivity and efficiency, leading to a pentacyclic ketone. The product structure reveals an endo‐type approach of the polyene in this case.
Transition Metal Complexes with Sulfur Ligands, 123[[ Synthesis and Reactivity of New Complexes Containing the [Ru(“S4”)] Fragment [S42‐ = 1,2‐Bis(2‐mercaptophenylthio)ethane(2‐)]
Authors: Sellmann Dieter , Gottschalk‐Gaudig Torsten , Heinemann Frank W. , Knoch Falk 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIn order to synthesize labile and well‐soluble [Ru(L)(L')(“S4”)] complexes, [Ru(CI)2(DMSO)4] was treated With “S4”‐Na2 (S42‐ = 1,2‐bis(2‐mercaptophenylthio)‐ethane(2–1)] yielding [Ru(DMSO)2(“S4”)] (1 which contains two labile DMSO ligands. An X‐ray structural analysis of 1, verifies that both DMSO ligands are coordinated via their S atoms. The reaction of 1 with small ligands such as PR3 (R = Et, nPr, nBu) or tetrahydrothiophene (THT) leads to substitution of both DMSO ligands yielding [Ru(PR3)2(“S4”)] (R = Et 3a, nPr 3b, nBu 3c) and [Ru(THT)2(“S4”] 2, respectively, while bulky phosphane ligands such as PCy3 and PiPr3 substitute one DMSO ligand to yield [Ru(DMSO)(PR3])(“S4”] (R = iPr 4a, Cy 4b). X‐ray structural analyses of [Ru(PnPr3)2(“S4”)] · 0.5 MeOH (3b · 0.5 MeOH), [Ru(PnBu3)2(S4)} (3c), and [Ru(Pme3)2(“S4”)] (3d) confirm the pseudo‐octahedral coordination of the Ru centers by four Sdonors and two cis P‐donors and reveal close similarities bet ween the three complexes. Comparision of the structural parameters of 3b · 0.5 MeOH, 3c and 3d with those of [Ru(PPh3)2(“MeS, 4”)] [MeS4“2” = 1,2‐bis(2‐mercaptophenylthio)propane(2–1)] indicates that the inertness towards substitution of 3b · 0.5 MeOH, 3c and 3d as opposed to the substitution lability of [Ru(PPh3)2(,MeS4“)] is caused by the small cone angles of the alkyl phosphanes. In the DMSO/PCy3 complex 4b both coligands are labile, and which one is substituted depends on the size of the entering ligand. The reactions of 4b with PnR3 yield [Ru(DMSO)(PR3)('S4”)] (R = nPr 4c, nBu 4d) in contrast to the reaction with CO. PMe3, and SMe2 which give [Ru(CO)(Pcy3)(“S4”)] (5b), [Ru(P‐Me3)(PCy3)(“S4”)] (6, and [Ru(SMe2)(PCy3)(“S4”)] (7, respectively. In an analogous manner, the CO complexes [Ru(CO(PR3)(“S4”)] (R = iPr 5a, nBu 5c) have been obtained by treatement of 4a and 4d with CO. The reactions of 4a and 4b with S8 yielded the readily soluble μ‐S2 complexes [μ‐S2[Ru(PR3)(“S4”)]2] (R ‐ iPr 8a, Cy 8b). The spectroscopi9c data of complex 8b and its cyclic voltammogram, which exhibits four quasi‐reversible redox waves, indicate a strong electronic coupling of the two [Ru(PCy3)(“S4”)] fragments via the μ‐S2 bridge.
(EIZ)‐Equilibria, 19 Dimeric α‐Lithio‐2,6‐dimethylstyrene
Authors: Knorr Rudolf , Behringer Claudia , Lattke Ernst , Räpple Edith , Nöth Heinrich , Schmidt Martin 
Published: July 2007

AbstractImproved preparations of 2,6‐dimethylstyrene (5) and its α‐bromo derivative (10) are described. The Br/Li exchange reaction of 10 provides single crystals of the title compounds 11 or 12, which were characterized as disolvated dimers by X‐ray analyses. A similar dimer persists in diethyl ether, tert‐butyl methyl ether, and toluene at all accessible temperatures, with significant lithiation NMR shifts (relative to 5) partially due to charge delocalization from the sp2‐carbanionic center. Some NMR coupling constants are typical of the dimeric aggregate. The configurational (E,Z) lability is quantified in toluene solution.
Reactions of Pt3Ru6(CO)2(μ3‐H)(μ‐H)3 with Phos[phanes — The Synthesis and Structural Characterizations of [Pt(PMe3)3H][Pt3Ru6(CO)21(μ3‐H)(μ‐H)2] and [Pt3Ru6(CO)20(PPh3)(μ‐H)3(μ3H)]
Authors: Adams Richard D. , Barnard Thomas S. , Li Zhaoyang , Zhang Lijuan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe reactions of [Pt3Ru6(CO)21(μ‐H)3(μ3‐H)] (1) with PMe3 and PPh3 have produced the salts [Pt(PR3)3H]‐[Pt3Ru6(CO)21(μ3‐H)(μ‐H)2], 5a and 5d, R = Me and Ph in the yields 9% and 22%, respectively. By contrast the reaction of 1 with PPh3 in the presence of Me3NO has yielded the phosphane‐substituted derivative [Pt3Ru6(CO)20(PPh3)μ‐H)3(μ3‐H)] }(6) in 22% yield. Compounds 5a and 6 were characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 5a and 5d are salts of the anion [Pt3Ru6(CO)21(μ3‐H)(μ‐H)2]−. The anion contains a layer segregated Ru3Pt3Ru3 structure similar to that of 1 with two bridging hydride ligands on one Ru3 triangle and one semi‐triply bridging hydride ligand on the other. The cation [Pt(PR3)3H]+ was evidently formed by the abstraction of platinum from other molecules of 1. Compound 6 is a PPh3 derivative of the parent 1 that also contains the layer segregated stacking of Ru3 and Pt3 triangles. The PPh3 ligand is coordinated to one of the ruthenium atoms in an axial position.
2‐Phosphanylphosphinines as Bridging Ligands for Dinuclear Transition Metal Carbonyls
Authors: Waschbüch Klaus , Le Floch Pascal , Ricard Louis , Mathey François 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe 2‐phosphanyl‐4,5‐dimethylphosphinines1‐5are powerful bridging ligands able to stabilize metal‐metal single and triple bonds between low‐valent transition metal centres. Their reaction with Mn2(CO)10in refluxing xylene yields the corresponding Mn2(CO)8complexes6and7. Reaction with [Fe2Cp2(CO)4] under UV irradiation similarly yields the Fe‐Fe‐bridged Fe2Cp2(CO)2complexes8and9. An additional observation is that the 2‐phosphininyl‐3,4‐dimethylphosphaferrocene10is formed upon reaction of the 2‐phospholylphosphinine5with [Fe2Cp2(CO)4] at high temperature under CO pressure. A clean addition occurs at the Mo≡Mo triple bond of [Mo2Cp2(CO)4] to give the Mo‐Mo single‐bonded complexes11‐15. The thermolysis of these complexes succeeds when the phosphanyl group is a phosphonite P(OEt)2(13) or P(OAr)2(14), affording cleanly the Mo2Cp2(CO)4triple‐bonded complexes16and17, respectively. The metal‐metal triple bonds of these complexes readily add two molecules of CO to reform13and14, or one molecule oftBu‐N≡C to give18and19. The X‐ray crystal structure analysis of the MO2C2(CO)4complex13a, with the 2‐P(OEt)2‐ phosphinine, shows agaucheorientation of the two Cp rings and very short P‐Mo bonds of 2.3565(4) and 2.406(2) Å to the phosphinine and P(OEt)2groups, respectively.
Synthesis, Structure, and Dynamic Behavior of (μ‐Aldimido)(μ‐η1: η2‐alkyne)‐ biszirconocene Cation Complexes That Contain Planar‐Tetracoordinate Carbon
Authors: Aglers Wikfgabg , Erker Gerhard , Fröblich Roland , Peuchert Ulrich 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe benzonitrile hydrozirconation product Cp2ZrCl(NCHPh) 8 was treated with propynyl lithium to yield the (propynyl)(benzaldimido)ZrCp; complex 9. Subsequent treatment with trityl tetraphenylborate generated [Cp2Zr(CCCH3)−BPh−4] that instantaneously added to 9 to eventually form the (μ‐aldimido)(μ‐η1:η2‐hexadiyne)ZrCp2 cation 11. The X‐ray crystal structure analysis showed that 11 contains a planar‐tetracoordinate carbon atom that is stabilized by forming a three‐center‐two‐electron bond with the two adjacent metal atoms. Similarly, complex 9 reacted with [Cp2Zr(CH3)+CH3B(C6F5)3 1 to yield the planar‐tetracoordinate carbon containing (μ‐aldimido)(μ‐η1:η2‐2‐butyne) Cp; cation 12. Both complexes 11 and 12 exhibit dynamic NMR spectra due to their rapid reorganization of the dimetallabicyclic frameworks (ΔG* = 10 kcal mol−1) in addition to an anchimerically assisted CN bond rotation (ΔG* =15 kcal mol−1).
Subsite‐Specific Reactions of a Cyclotriveratrylene [4Fe‐4S] Cluster Complex
Authors: Van Strijdonck Gino P. F. , Ten Have Petrus T. J. H. , Peiters Martinus C. , Van Der Lindenm Johannes G. M. , Steggerda Jan J. , Nolte Roeland J. M. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractLigand exchange reactions are carried out exclusively at the unique iron site of a subsite‐differentiated cyclotriveratrylene [4Fe‐4S] cluster complex. The effect of a variety of thiolate, phenolate, bidentate, and bridging ligands on the redox potential of the subsite‐differentiated [4Fe‐4S] cluster complex is studied and compared with the effects of such ligands on an [Fe4S4C14]2‐ cluster. The redox potential can be modulated within the range of −1.60 to −1.80 V (vs. Fc0/+) by varying the ligand. The introduction of an electron releasing substituent shifts the redox potential to more negative values, whereas an electron withdrawing substituent has the opposite effect. A linear relationship exists between the number of substituted sites and the reduction potential of the cluster.
The Equilibrium Between 2‐Lithium‐Oxazole(‐Thiazole, ‐Imidazole) Derivatives and Their Acyclic Isomers – A Structural Investigation
Authors: Hilf Christoff , Bosold Ferdinand , Harms Klaus , Marsch Michael , Boche Gernot 
Published: July 2007

Abstract2‐Metallated oxazoles, thiazoles and imidazoles are of interest for the preparation of derivatives of the respective heterocycles, and – especially in the case of metallated thiazoles – as acyllithium equivalents in organic syntheses. Metallation at C2 of these compounds, however, often leads (more so with Li‐oxazoles than with Li‐thiazoles and Li‐imidazoles) to products derived from the acyclic isomers of the metallated heterocycles. In order to obtain more information on the positions of the relevant equilibria, we have carried out a 13C‐NMR study of substituted li‐ and ZnCl‐oxazoles, Li‐thiazoles and Li‐imidazoles. In the case of Li‐oxazoles, the equilibrium is completely on the side of the acyclic isomers. Addition of ZnCl2, however, leads to ring‐closure, and, even in the case of 2‐ZnCl‐substituted benzoxazole, only the ring‐closed isomer is observed. This demonstrates a dramatic gegenion effect on the equilibrium between two isomeric anions. In the case of Li‐thiazoles, depending on the substitution pattern, either solely the ring‐closed or an equilibrium with the ringopened isomer is observed. In the series of Li‐imidazoles, only the 2‐lithiated benzimidazole is in equilibrium with its ring‐opened isomer. The tendency of these compounds to undergo ring‐opening parallels the leaving group properties of the various subunits [OLi > SLi > R2NLi, and phenyl‐O(S, NR)Li > vinyl‐O(S, NR)Li]. The difference between the effects of Li+ vs. ZnCl+ in the (benz)oxazole series is in agreement with results of solid‐state structure investigations of 2‐lithiated and a 2‐zincated thiazole: in the Li compound the C–S bond is 2.9 pm longer than in the ZnCl species, indicating a more facile C–S bond cleavage with Li+ as the gegenion.
[CR(CO)5PCl3] — A Starting Material for Phosphorus‐Rich Px Ligand Complexes
Authors: Scheer Manfred , Schuster Kay , Krug André , Hartung Helmut 
Published: July 2007

Abstract[Cr(CO)5PCl3] reacts with different metallates K[CpxMo(CO)3] [Cpx = ·5‐C5H4tBu (Cp]), ·5‐C5H3tBu2‐1,3 (Cp))], K[CpFe(CO)2], K[Cp]Cr(CO)3], K[C}*Ni(CO)] and Na2[Cr2(CO)10] at –78°C in THF to yiel various P2, cyclo‐ P3 and cyclo‐P5 ligand complexes of the formulae [Cp] Mo(CO)2 (.2‐P3)] (1a), [Cp]Mo(CO)2(.3‐P3)] (1b), [{CP'Mo‐(CO)2}2(μ,.2‐P2)] (2a), [{Cp]Mo(CO)2}2(μ, ·2‐P2)] (2b), [Cp]Fe).5‐P5)] (3), [(Cp'Cr)2(μ,.5‐P5)] (4), [{Cp]Cr(CO)2}2‐(μ,.2‐P2)] (5), [(Cp*Ni)2(μ,.2‐P2){Cr(CO)5}2] (6). [{(CO)5Cr}Cl2PPCl2{Cr(CO)5}] (7) and [{Cr(CO)5}2PCl (8). Comprehensive studies of the reaction pathway leading to formation of the cyclo‐P3 product 1a give strong indications that a sequence involving metal‐halogen exchange and stepwise P–P bond formation takes place, proceeding via [{CO}5Cr}Cl2PPCl2{Cr(CO)5}] (7) and the cyclo‐P3 precursor compond [{Cp]Mo(CO)3}{Cp'Mo(CO)2}2{Cr(CO)5}(μ,.3:1:1−P3)] (9). The latter two complexes have been isolated and structurally characterized.
Artificial DNAs Based on Alkynyl C‐Nucleosides as a Superior Scaffold for Homo‐ and Heteroexcimer Emissions
Authors: Chiba Junya , Takeshima Sakiko , Mishima Kikyo , Maeda Hajime , Nanai Yasuaki , Mizuno Kazuhiko , Inouye Masahiko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDNA‐like fluorescent oligomers composed of alkynyl β‐D‐ribofuranosides bearing pyrene, perylene, and anthracene as a fluorophore were synthesized by solid‐phase DNA synthesis. The fluorescent oligomers possess the defined number and order of the fluorophores. In these oligomers, the adjacent fluorophores efficiently interact with each other by hydrophobic interactions in their electronic ground states in a face‐to‐face fashion. The predominant excimer emissions were observed from not only the homooligomers (pyrene–pyrene and perylene–perylene systems) but also the heterooligomers (pyrene–perylene, pyrene–anthracene, and perylene–anthracene systems) in aqueous media.
Improved Cyclodextrin‐Based Receptors for Camptothecin by Inverse Virtual Screening
Authors: Steffen Andreas , Thiele Carolin , Tietze Simon , Strassnig Christian , Kämper Andreas , Lengauer Thomas , Wenz Gerhard , Apostolakis Joannis 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWe report the computer‐aided optimization of a synthetic receptor for a given guest molecule, based on inverse virtual screening of receptor libraries. As an example, a virtual set of β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) derivatives was generated as receptor candidates for the anticancer drug camptothecin. We applied the two docking tools AutoDock and GlamDock to generate camptothecin complexes of every candidate receptor. Scoring functions were used to rank all generated complexes. From the 10 % top‐ranking candidates nine were selected for experimental validation. They were synthesized by reaction of heptakis‐[6‐deoxy‐6‐iodo]‐β‐CD with a thiol compound to form the hepta‐substituted β‐CDs. The stabilities of the camptothecin complexes obtained from solubility measurements of five of the nine CD derivatives were significantly higher than for any other CD derivative known from literature. The remaining four CD derivatives were insoluble in water. In addition, corresponding mono‐substituted CD derivatives were synthesized that also showed improved binding constants. Among them the 9‐H‐purine derivative was the best, being comparable to the investigated hepta‐substituted β‐CDs. Since the measured binding free energies correlated satisfactorily with the calculated scores, the applied scoring functions appeared to be appropriate for the selection of promising candidates for receptor synthesis.
Online end‐to‐end quality of service monitoring for service level agreement management
Authors: Ta Xiaoyuan , Mao Guoqiang 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA major challenge in network and service level agreement (SLA) management is to provide Quality of Service (QoS) demanded by heterogeneous network applications. Online QoS monitoring plays an important role in the process by providing objective measurements that can be used for improving network design, troubleshooting and management. Online QoS monitoring becomes increasingly difficult and complex due to the rapid expansion of the Internet and the dramatic increase in the speed of network. Sampling techniques have been explored as a means to reduce the difficulty and complexity of measurement. In this paper, we investigate several major sampling techniques, i.e. systematic sampling, simple random sampling and stratified sampling. Performance analysis is conducted on these techniques. It is shown that stratified sampling with optimum allocation has the best performance. However, stratified sampling with optimum allocation requires additional statistics usually not available for real‐time applications. An adaptive stratified sampling algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. Both theoretical analysis and simulation show that the proposed adaptive stratified sampling algorithm outperforms other sampling techniques and achieves a performance comparable to stratified sampling with optimum allocation. A QoS monitoring software using the aforementioned sampling techniques is designed and tested in various real networks. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal SIR for an hybrid cellular DS/SFH CDMA system
Authors: Varzakas P. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA hybrid direct‐sequence/slow frequency hopping code‐division multiple‐access (DS/SFH CDMA) system operating in a Rayleigh fading environment is described and its spectral efficiency is estimated in terms of the theoretically achievable average channel capacity (in the sense of information theory) per user. The analysis covers the operation over a broadcast cellular time‐varying link and leads to a simple novel closed‐form expression for the optimal average spread signal‐to‐interference power ratio (SIR) received by each user based on the maximization of the achieved spectral efficiency. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Menarche, puberty, and first sexual activities in eating‐disordered patients as compared with a psychiatric and a nonpsychiatric control group
Authors: Mangweth‐Matzek Barbara , Rupp Claudia Ines , Hausmann Armand , Kemmler Georg , Biebl Wilfried 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:To examine chronology and experience of menarche, puberty, and first sexual activities in eating‐disordered patients as compared with a psychiatric and a nonpsychiatric control group.Method:We interviewed 150 females, namely 50 patients with anorexia or bulimia nervosa (ED), 50 patients with polysubstance dependence (PSD‐CO), and 50 healthy controls (HE‐CO) (defined by DSM‐IV) on chronology and their experience of menarche, puberty, and first sexual activities adjusted for childhood sexual abuse.Results:ED women were similar to HE‐CO in age at menarche and most sexual milestones, but differed significantly from PSD‐CO women, who were “early starters.” Regarding their experience of menarche, pubertal body changes, and first sexual activities, however, ED women rated these variables significantly more negatively than did either of the comparison groups. These significant differences remained after adjusting for sexual abuse.Conclusion:These findings suggest a negative body attitude in ED patients already at pubertal age, namely years before onset of the disorder. Prospective data are needed. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Synthetic Routes to Three Novel Scaffolds for Potential Glycosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Rommel Michael , Ernst Alexander , Koert Ulrich 
Published: July 2007

AbstractEfficient syntheses of three novel scaffolds for potential β‐glycosidase inhibitors were developed: The first consists of a 2,7‐dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivative, which was prepared by an intramolecular ketalisation. The second scaffold consists of a hydroxylated cyclopentylamine, which could be synthesised stereoselectively from 2‐azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐5‐en‐3‐one. The third scaffold, a 4,5‐dihydroxynicotinic acid, was accessible through a sequence of substituent directed ortho‐lithiations. Selected compounds were tested as inhibitors for a number of glycosidases. Three nicotinic acid derivatives were found to be selective β‐glucosidase inhibitors.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Impacts of river restoration on small‐wood dynamics in a low‐gradient headwater stream
Authors: Millington C. E. , Sear D. A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWood is an important element in many river systems, interacting with channel and floodplain geomorphology, hydrology and ecology. Restoration practices are increasingly re‐introducing wood into streams and researchers have started to study the geomorphic and ecological effects of re‐introducing wood into rivers. However, little research has attempted to quantify the impacts of river restoration (including the addition of wood jams) on wood retention. Based on tracing dowels to simulate small wood (ranging in length from 0·184 to 1·06 m and diameter from 0·006 to 0·035 m) in three study reaches before and after restoration, this study provides a detailed representation of the influence of restoration on small‐wood transport and the relative importance of different trapping sites within a low‐order meandering stream in the New Forest, UK. The research specifically addresses the following questions. (i) Does restoration reduce transport of small wood? (ii) Does restoration increase the frequency and type of small‐wood trapping sites? (iii) Do wood jams trap more small wood than other trapping sites? (iv) Do shorter pieces of wood travel further than long pieces? The study has demonstrated that (i) different types of restoration have different effects on the frequency and type of small‐wood trapping mechanisms, and hence also on small‐wood transport; (ii) wood jams were the most effective structures for trapping small wood in this environment; (iii) shorter pieces of wood travelled further than long pieces. Channel–floodplain interactions were also found to be important, allowing the floodplain to function as a trapping site. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of a biotelemetric technique, using ambulatory miniature black globe thermometers, to quantify thermoregulatory behaviour in ungulates
Authors: Hetem Robyn S. , Maloney Shane K. , Fuller Andrea , Meyer Leith C.R. , Mitchell Duncan 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBehavioural thermoregulation is an animal's primary defence against changes in the thermal environment. We aimed to validate a remote technique to quantify the thermal environment behaviourally selected by free‐ranging ungulates. First, we demonstrated that the temperature of miniature, 30 mm diameter, black globes (miniglobes) could be converted to standard, 150 mm diameter, black globe temperatures. Miniglobe temperature sensors subsequently were fitted to collars on three free‐ranging ungulates, namely blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), impala (Aepyceros melampus) and horse (Equus caballus). Behavioural observations were reflected in animal miniglobe temperatures which differed from those recorded by an identical miniglobe on a nearby exposed weather station. The wildebeest often selected sites protected from the wind, whereas the impala and the horse sheltered from the sun. Nested analysis of variances revealed that the impala and horse selected significantly less variable environments than those recorded at the weather station (P<0.001) over a 20‐min time interval, whereas, the microclimates selected by wildebeest tended to be more variable (P=0.08). Correlation of animal miniglobe against weather station miniglobe temperature resulted in regression slopes significantly less than one (P<0.001) for all species studied, implying that, overall, the animals selected cooler microclimates at high environmental heat loads and/or warmer microclimates at low environmental heat loads. We, therefore, have developed an ambulatory device, which can be attached to free‐ranging animals, to remotely quantify thermoregulatory behaviour and selected microclimates. J. Exp. Zool. 307A:342–356, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.