bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stochastic pharmacodynamics of a heterogeneous tumour-cell population
Authors: Truong Van Thuy , Vicini Paolo , Yates James , Dubois Vincent , Lythe Grant 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Standard pharmacodynamic models are ordinary differential equations that lack the features of stochasti-city and heterogeneity. We develop and analyse a stochastic model of an idealised heterogeneous tumour-cellpopulation treated with a drug, where each cell has a different value of an attribute linked to survival.Once the drug reduces a cell’s value below a threshold, the cell is susceptible to death. The eliminationof the last cell in the population is a natural endpoint that is not available in deterministic models. Wefind formulae for the probability density of this extinction time in a collection of tumour cells, each with adifferent regulator value, under the influence of a drug. There is a logarithmic relationship between tumourpopulation size and mean time to extinction. We also analyse the population under repeated drug dosesand subsequent recoveries. Stochastic cell death and division events (and the relevant mechanistic para-meters) determine the ultimate fate of the cell population. We identify the critical division rate separatinglong-term tumour population growth from successful intermittent treatment.
Cost-effectiveness of Trastuzumab emtansine and Capecitabine plus lapatinib in adjuvant treatment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2– Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer in China
Authors: Yang Yibei , Ren Lanqi , Ren Ning , Pan Junjie , Xu Qiaoping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive advanced breast cancer has poor prognosis and short survival period. EMILIA was a global phase III study to evaluate the efficacy of Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and Capecitabine plus lapatinib. However, the cost-effectiveness of T-DM1 is still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of T-DM1 and Capecitabine plus lapatinib in treating HER2-positive advanced breast cancer within 5 years from the perspective of Chinese payers.
Methods: A half cycle adjusted Markov model was established to simulate the process of health status transfer and death of breast cancer patients under the treatment of T and CL schemes, so as to evaluate the cumulative lifetime costs, incremental cost-benefit ratio (ICER), and quality adjusted life year (QALY) of Chinese patients. The parameters of the input model were from the EMILIA Phase III study. In order to determine the stability of the model, we also conducted single factor sensitivity analysis and probability sensitivity analysis.
Results: Markov model analysis results showed that compared with Capecitabine plus lapatinib, T-DM1 treatment generates an additional 0.4QALY and an incremental cost of $12282.97. The ICER of T versus CL was $30707.405/QALY and did not exceed Chinese willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold.
Conclusions: Compared with Capecitabine plus lapatinib, T-DM1 treatment can bring better health benefits to patients with breast cancer and is likely to be cost-effective second-line therapies for HER2-positive breast cancer in China.
High Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid Increased the Incidence of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Nationwide Population based Study
Authors: Lee Hyewon , Yoon Hee-Young 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease found primarily in older people, with the use of systemic steroids linked to poor outcomes. However, role of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in IPF remains unclear. This This study investigated the association between ICS use and IPF risk using national insurance data, particularly in individuals with chronic airway diseases.
Methods
Utilising the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database, our study included patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. ICS exposure was assessed via treatment claims, and IPF cases were identified using broad and narrow criteria. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with propensity scores for balanced covariate analysis.
Results
Of 57,456 patients (mean age: 55.9 years, 42.3% male), 16.5% used ICS and 83.5% did not. ICS users showed higher rates of broad (0.98 vs. 0.41 per 1,000) and narrow IPF (0.61 vs. 0.21 per 1,000) than non-users. Pre-IPTW, ICS use was associated with increased IPF risk; however, this was not significant post-IPTW. Post-IPTW, both continuous (broad adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.04; narrow adjusted HR per 100 µg/day: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04 post-IPTW) and high-dose ICS (≥ 1000 µg/day) (broad adjusted HR: 3.89, 95% CI: 1.61–9.41; narrow adjusted HR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.19–13.41) use correlated with an elevated IPF risk. Subgroup analysis revealed an increased risk in medically aided.
Conclusion
High-dose ICS use may be associated with elevated IPF risk, especially in patients receiving medical aid.
Epidemiology and Prognosis of Sepsis in Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ture Zeynep , İskender Gülşen , Şahinoğlu Mustafa Sehat , Özkara Ezel Beste , Kalem Ayşe Kaya , EryılmazEren Esma , Ürkmez Fatma Yekta , Çetin Sinan , Azak Emel , Erdem İlknur , Rello Jordi , Alp Emine , Ulusoy Ayten Merve , Kayaaslan Bircan , Çubuk Devrim , Yıldızhan Esra , Özet Gülsüm , Özbaş Hasan Mücahit , Keklik Muzaffer , Mehtap Özgür , Akpınar Seval , Dağdaş Simten , Akar Şebnem Şenol , İriağaç Yakup , Bulut Tuğba 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the epidemiology and prognosis of sepsis in cancer patients and the influence of sepsis on the mortality of cancer patients.
Methods
In this multicenter, prospective, observational study, cancer patients hospitalized without sepsis followed up until discharge or a maximum of 90 days were included. The incidence of sepsis in the follow-up period, risk factors for sepsis, risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis and 90-day mortality in the entire group were determined.
Results
During the study, 790 cancer patients were included. Sepsis developed in 72 patients (9.1%) during the follow-up. Older age, hospitalization due to any infection, graft versus host diseases(GVHD), prolonged neutropenia, the presence of a urethral catheter, and previous bacterial infection in the last three months were risk factors of sepsis. Among all cancer patients, sepsis was found to be the most important factor influencing 90-day mortality (OR 13.42(1.79–6.83)). Mortality among the sepsis cohort was independently associated with an infection with a carbapenem-resistant bacterium (OR 15.47(1.45–64.17)), appropriateness of empirical treatment (OR 5.02 (0.17–7.61) and having a clinical improvement on the fifth day of the treatment (OR 10.58(0.39–28.25).
Conclusions
Sepsis was documented in one out of 11 hospitalized cancer patients and the mortality rate increases 13-fold when sepsis develops. Invasive devices, prolonged neutropenia, GVHD, and previous bacterial infections were related with sepsis and antibiotic resistance was the most important driver for mortality. Antimicrobial stewardship, rational use of catheters (if necessary, in accordance with asepsis/antisepsis, short-term use) is important to save lives in cancer patients.
Transcriptomic analysis of lipid metabolism genes in Alzheimer’s disease: highlighting pathological outcomes and compartmentalized immune status
Authors: Sun Yue , Jiang Mengni , Long Xiang , Miao Yongzhen , Du Huanhuan , Zhang Ting , Ma Xuejun , Zhang Yue , Meng Hongrui 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The dysregulation of lipid metabolism has been strongly associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD); however, the biomedical implications and clinical relevance of these findings have not been systematically examined. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic evaluation of AD-derived transcriptome datasets from postnatal brains and peripheral blood. We utilized differential gene expression and hierarchical clustering to identify co-expressed modules of lipid metabolism genes in patients based on their molecular functions in biological enrichment and molecular pathway analysis, association with pathological phenotypes, and molecular network correlation. Additionally, we analyzed the expression patterns of these genes in immune and nonimmune cells as well as cell type enrichments in both brain tissue and peripheral blood. By categorizing patients into distinct transcriptional clusters and stratified groups, we found enrichment in biological pathways for neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative phosphorylation, synaptic transmission, unexpected infections, and molecular functions for cellular translation and energy production in the stratified clusters and groups. Biological network analysis indicates striking differences between lipid-metabolism differential expression genes (DEGs) in the periphery and CNS, with restricted processes being enriched. Notably, neurons, glial cells involved in neuroinflammation, and peripheral blood immune cell infiltration revealed a marked disparity in the clustering subgroups in patients’ hippocampi and peripheral regions. Differentially expressed genes such as PLD3, NDUFAB1, OXCT1, PI4KA, and AACS in the brain and DBI, MBOAT7, and RXRA in the periphery correlate well with disease pathologies and immune cell preferences. These results suggest that lipid metabolism is critical for disease progression and immune cell activation, thus providing an innovative approach to diagnosing and treating AD.
Together but separate: A longitudinal study of how spatial context shapes the formation of social ties of women medical students
Authors: Blalock A. Emiko , Balmer Dorene F. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Developing and maintaining connections and relations with others, or what we refer to as the formation of social ties, may strengthen medical students’ sense of belonging in medical school. Social ties play a particularly important role for women medical students as the medical field remains largely dominated by masculine norms. However, forming social ties remains challenging for women in medicine. This study used the COVID-19 pandemic to examine how women medical students navigated the spatial contexts of medical school to form social ties. Using longitudinal qualitative research and narrative inquiry, it describes how 17 women medical students formed social ties during the early stages of COVID-19. Beginning in fall 2020, during the first two-years of medical school, the participants 1) described how personal social ties were deterred from forming in early experiences of medical school; 2) shared experiences that promoted a sense of community bonding during middle and later periods; and 3) expressed limitations of access to the formation of professional social ties throughout their first two-years. This study has important implications for understanding ways spatial contexts, access to physical connections, and the mental and emotional spaces play roles in social tie formation for women medical students and how longitudinal qualitative research can narrate these changes through time.
Psoas Muscle Index as a Predictor of Postoperative Outcomes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Shokrollahi Nima , Nouri Mohammad , Eghlimi Hesameddin , Movahedi Alireza , Eshaghzadeh Mehdi , Rabbani Amirhassan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose Psoas muscle index as an index of sarcopenia has a notable role in anticipating the outcome of various disorders. This prospective study aims to explore the efficacy of psoas muscle index in predicting the surgical outcomes of patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Methods All gastrointestinal cancer patients hospitalized for surgical treatment at our hospital between 2020 and 2023 were studied. Linear regression analysis compared psoas muscle index, age, and body mass index regarding hospitalization time and hand grip strength. Pearson's correlation test determined the strength and direction of the correlation between psoas muscle index and hospitalization duration.Results A total of 64 patients with a mean age of 57 years were included in our study to examine the potential association between psoas muscle index and length of hospital stay. Only psoas muscle index, compared to body mass index and age, demonstrates a statistically significant correlation with hospitalization time (r=-0.444, p < 0.001, CI -0.333 to -0.103). In addition, the impact of gender on this association is not substantial. The study also explored the correlation between hand grip strength and psoas muscle index in 62 participants. There is a significant association between age and psoas muscle index with right-hand grip strength (p = 0.000 and p = 0.014) and left-hand grip strength (p = 0.002 and p = 0.013).Conclusion Psoas muscle index potently predicts surgical consequences in gastrointestinal cancer patients and is essential in identifying high-risk patients and considering the risk-benefit ratio of surgical interventions.
Preoperative D-dimer and 5-year overall survival rate in patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and undergoing gastric cancer radical surgery: a Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lu Hongxia , Zhao Yuanzheng , Han Jiaqi , Yang Rong , Wang Shuqin , Zhang Kai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
As one of the most malignant tumors of the digestive tract, gastric cancer has a high incidence rate and mortality rate in recent years, and lacks significant prognostic indicators. D-dimer, as a degradation product of fibrin, is a conventional biomarker for coagulation and has been studied to have potential promoting effects on postoperative cancer patients. However, there are also contradictory results, with some studies reporting a promoting effect, while others have not shown any effect. Therefore, the actual impact of D-dimer on the prognosis of postoperative cancer patients remains controversial, and further research is needed on the linear and nonlinear regression relationship and optimal critical values between D-dimer and postoperative cancer patients before surgery. Therefore, our aim is to evaluate the relationship between preoperative D-dimer and 5-year overall survival in patients undergoing gastric cancer radical surgery.
Methods
We used patients diagnosed with gastric cancer and underwent radical gastrectomy at Shanxi Cancer Hospital (Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) in 2017 to explore the relationship between preoperative D-dimer and prognosis of gastric cancer. We obtained preoperative D-dimer data and tumor related indicators as covariates from the hospital medical record system, and obtained patient follow-up information from the hospital follow-up system. This study used multivariate Cox regression, curve fitting, and inflection point analysis to explore the correlation between preoperative D-dimer and 5-year overall survival after gastric cancer radical surgery.
Results
After strict admission and exclusion procedures, a total of 133 patients were included in the study, and we classified them based on D-dimer. Divide D-dimer into two groups on average: high group (n = 66) and low group (n = 67). Subsequently, Cox multiple regression analysis was conducted using both continuous and binary variables. Therefore, the results showed no effect in continuous variables, but significant presence in categorical variables (Table 3). Therefore, we performed curve fitting, and in the curve fitting, preoperative D-dimer. The relationship between dimer and 5-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy for cancer shows a U-shaped or J-shaped curve with p < 0.001 (Fig. 2). Prove a curved relationship between preoperative D-dimer and 5-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy for cancer. Subsequently, we conducted an inflection point analysis (Table 2) (Fig. 2), BK. Hour: 110.449 (106.956 ,113.942).
Conclusion
In patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, preoperative D-dimer There is a U-shaped relationship between dimer and 5-year postoperative survival in gastric cancer.
Quantum Secret Sharing with (m, n) Threshold: QFT and Identity Authentication
Authors: Mawlia Priyanka , Siwach Vikash , Bijaranian Pankaj 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

In the field of quantum cryptography, Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) holds substantial importance, with identity authentication emerging as a key strategy for safeguarding information. It efficiently certifies the identification of both persons involved in the conversation, which contributes to increased security measures. Our proposal, a (m, n) threshold Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) scheme introduces a unique approach to mutual identity authentication, utilizing mutually unbiased bases. During the secret recovery phase, the scheme ensures that secrets exclusively held by participants remain undisclosed and are not transmitted, reinforcing the security of the communication process. As a result, external eavesdroppers are left empty-handed in their attempt to access information about secrets during this phase. Our protocol surpasses in terms of security, effectiveness, and practicality, proving its resilience against intercept–resend attacks, collusion attacks, collective attacks, and forgery attacks according to a comprehensive security analysis.
A novel deformity correction manipulation system for better correction of large thoracic scoliosis
Authors: Huang Yong , Zhu Ce , Wang Yongliang , Feng Ganjun , Liu Limin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background
Treating patients with large thoracic scoliosis (between 70° and 100°) poses technical challenges, particularly with traditional correction techniques (TCT). To address this, we developed a novel deformity correction manipulation system (DCMS) aimed at reducing surgical complexity and trauma. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of DCMS in treating large thoracic scoliosis..
Methods
Seventy-six patients with large thoracic scoliosis were divided into two groups: DCMS (n = 34) and TCT (n = 42). Basic patient data including age at surgery, sex, etiology, Risser sign, flexibility of the main thoracic curve, instrumented levels, number of screws, duration of hospital stay, and follow-up time were collected and analyzed. Radiographic and clinical outcomes, as measured by various radiographic parameters and Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) scores, were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups. Adverse events were also documented.
Results
The DCMS group exhibited significantly shorter operative times, reduced blood loss, and shorter hospital stays compared to the TCT group. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age at surgery, sex, etiology, Risser sign, flexibility of the main curve, instrumented levels, number of screws, and follow-up time. While preoperative major curves were statistically similar between the two groups, the DCMS group achieved a superior correction rate compared to the TCT group (74.2% ± 8.8% vs. 68.1% ± 10.5%). No significant differences were observed in other radiographic parameters, SRS-30 scores, or the incidence of adverse events.
Conclusions
The application of DCMS resulted in shorter operative times, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and greater curve correction compared to TCT. DCMS proves to be a safe and effective technique for treating large thoracic curves.
Knockdown of LINC00467 inhibits gastric cancer progression by modulating the sequestration of miR-141-3p
Authors: Ju Hui , Feng Yi , Mu Xiaojing , He Weitai , He Guifang , Tian Ben , Cai Duo , Liu Changchang , Song Yu , Chen Hao , Liu Shihai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key targets associated with the incidence of gastric cancer (GC).Aims In this study, the ability of LINC00467 to regulate GC progression was evaluated.Methods The expression of this lncRNA was evaluated in the GEPIA database of human cancer samples, showing LINC00467 upregulation in 60 GC patient tumor tissue samples relative to paired paracancerous control tissues. Functionally, LINC00467 promoted glycolysis in GC cells and enhanced their proliferative, migratory, and invasive activities. From a mechanistic perspective, this lncRNA was able to bind microRNA (miR)-141-3p in GC cells, and a negative correlation between miR-141-3p and LINC00467 expression was observed in GC tissue samples.Results Inhibition of miR-141-3p partially reversed the effects of LINC00467 knockdown on GC cell malignancy, and LINC00467 was further found to control the expression of the miR-141-3p target gene dihydropyriminidase-like 3 (DPYSL3) in GC cells. Furthermore, lactate accumulation from glycolysis activated the Akt signaling pathway to promote the transcriptional expression of LINC00467 in GC cells, leading to persistent glycolysis and GC cell invasion.Conclusions These findings suggest that LINC00467 controls GC progression via regulating the miR-141-3p/DPYSL3 pathway.
Power-law relationship between the semi-major axis and the rotation period ratio in an eccentric system: Its physical meaning and applications
Authors: Dai Yongfeng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

This study aims to address longstanding questions about orbital motion, introduces a synchronous orbit radius ratio and investigates the relationship between the semi-major axes and synchronous orbit radius ratios of known systems with the same mass ratio orders of magnitude, the same spin–orbit angles and eccentric or circular orbits, including binaries, star–planet systems and planet–moon systems. The results of this work show that in a system with an eccentric orbit (e > 0.01) and a mass ratio order with a magnitude higher than −7.5217, the semi-major axis exhibits a power-law distribution relationship with the product of the mass ratio and square of the rotation period ratio. Furthermore, under spin–orbit alignment conditions, the power-law exponent exhibits a positive linear relationship with the mass ratio order of magnitude and is greater than zero and less than or equal to one. Moreover, the power-law exponent for a spin–orbit misaligned system correlates negatively with its spin–orbit angle. This power-law relationship was derived based on a drag force caused by the gravitational field rotation proposed by extending Einstein’s equivalence principle. This study concludes that the power-law relationship and drag force dominate the formation of various orbits.