bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Low-Intent and High-Intent Suicide Attempts in Rural China
Authors: Conner Kenneth R. , Phillips Michael R. , Meldrum Sean C. 
Published: March 2007

Objectives. Acts of suicide are heterogeneous with respect to level of intent. Data on correlates of intent are overwhelmingly from Western samples. We sought to identify correlates of low-intent and high-intent suicide attempts in China.Methods. We compared 277 adult case patients who presented to the emergency department in a rural hospital because of attempted suicide to 277 community control individuals, pair-matched for age, gender, and location of residence. Attempted suicides were stratified into 3 levels of suicide intent: low, intermediate, and high. Paired logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data.Results. High-intent acts of suicide were associated with major depression, chronic stress, and a relative or associate who had a history of suicidal behavior. These correlates were not associated with low-intent acts of suicide.Conclusions. High-intent acts of suicide in China are the culmination of longstanding difficulties or symptoms including depression, chronic stress, and previous exposure to suicidal behavior. Prevention of high-intent acts of suicide should include a focus on these domains.
Husbands’ Involvement in Housework and Women’s Psychosocial Health: Findings From a Population-Based Study in Lebanon
Authors: Khawaja Marwan , Habib Rima R. 
Published: March 2007

Objectives. We examined the association between husbands’ involvement in housework and the psychosocial health of their wives using data on married couples living in poor neighborhoods in Beirut, Lebanon. Methods. Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey of 2797 households; 1652 married couples and their families were included in the analysis. An index of husbands’ relative involvement in housework was constructed from 25 items focusing on division of housework activities. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between husbands’ involvement in housework and wives’ self-rated mental health status, marital dissatisfaction, and unhappiness. Results. Husbands’ involvement in housework was negatively associated with wives’ psychological distress, marital dissatisfaction, and overall unhappiness after adjustment for relevant risk factors. In comparison with wives whose husbands were highly involved in housework, wives whose husbands were minimally involved were 1.60 times more likely to be distressed, 2.96 times more likely to be uncomfortable with their husbands, and 2.69 times more likely to be unhappy. Conclusions. Our results showed a significant association between husbands’ involvement in housework and their wives’ psychosocial health.
Treatment of Osteoporosis
Authors: Šimić Petra , Giljević Zlatko , Šimunić Velimir , Vukičević Slobodan , Koršić Mirko 
Published: April 2007

Liječenje OsteoporozeOsteoporoza je jedna od najčešćih metaboličkih bolesti i zahvaća 8 % do 10 % stanovništva. Budući da je prijelom najteža posljedica osteoporoze, vrlo je važno otkriti bolesnike koji imaju rizik nastanka prijeloma, dati im farmakološku terapiju i savjetovati im promjenu načina života. Nekoliko je lijekova pokazalo sposobnost smanjenja broja prijeloma kralježnice i/ili perifernog skeleta u bolesnika s osteoporozom. Antiresorptivni su lijekovi temelj terapije, ali su i anabolički lijekovi odnedavno proširili mogućnosti liječenja. Antiresorptivni lijekovi, estrogeni, selektivni modulatori estrogenskih receptora, bisfosfonati i kalcitonin, djeluju tako da smanjuju koštanu pregradnju. Paratireoidni hormon potiče novo stvaranje kosti popravljajući arhitekturu i gustoću kosti. Stroncijev ranelat smanjuje rizik osteoporotičnih prijeloma djelujući na oboje - smanjenje razgradnje i povećanje izgradnje kosti. Druga potencijalna liječenja osteoporoze također su opisana u ovome članku.
Distribution and abundance of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in Laikipia, Kenya, 1979–2004
Authors: Isbell Lynne A. , Chism Janice 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPatas monkeys may be especially vulnerable to local extinction because they live in relatively small, female‐philopatric groups at low densities and are strongly polygynous. We assessed a patas monkey population in Kenya's 9,700 km2 Laikipia District over 25 years, using data collected in 1979–1981 and 1992–2004. The data were based on intensive observations of three study groups, “on the ground” counts, and surveys of Laikipia residents. In 1979–1981, a minimum of 415 patas monkeys lived in 14–15 groups. By 2000, the best estimate suggested 310–445 patas monkeys living in 13–17 groups over a greater surveyed area, suggesting that patas monkeys in Laikipia may have undergone a slight decline in numbers over time. Their distribution, however, was similar over time. The relative stability of this population has likely been the result of beneficial co‐existence with large‐scale cattle ranching. Outside Laikipia, substantial habitat alteration from rising human populations has coincided with the near disappearance of patas monkeys where they were previously more numerous. The small population in Laikipia, probably the largest remaining in Kenya, may therefore be critical to the continued existence of patas monkeys in that country and may be dependent on maintenance of large‐scale ranches. Such land use provides patas monkeys with water and broad expanses of Acacia drepanolobium woodlands, the habitat to which patas are restricted in Laikipia. Am. J. Primatol. 69:1223–1235, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis of Porphyrin Dimers Fused with a Benzene Unit
Authors: Uno Hidemitsu , Nakamoto Ken‐ichi , Kuroki Kenji , Fujimoto Akiko , Ono Noboru 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene‐connected pyrrolo‐porphyrins have been prepared by an inverse‐type [3+1] porphyrin synthesis of a bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene‐fused dipyrrole with a tripyrrane dicarbaldehyde. Another [3+1] porphyrin synthesis of pyrrole‐connected porphyrins with the same or other tripyrrane dicarbaldehydes gave bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene‐bridged diporphyrins, the central metals and/or peripheral substituents of which were different. Thermal decomposition of the bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene skeleton to a benzene moiety gave π‐system‐fused porphyrin dimers in a highly pure form.
Solid‐State Hosts by the Template Polymerization of Columnar Liquid Crystals: Locked Supramolecular Architectures around Chiral 2‐Amino Alcohols
Authors: Amano Sayaka , Ishida Yasuhiro , Saigo Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe cross‐linking of multicomponent liquid crystals could be applied to the synthesis of nanometer‐sized porous materials with a well‐defined structure. In this work we demonstrate the template polymerization of columnar liquid crystals composed of the salts of a carboxylic acid and enantiopure 2‐amino alcohols, and the application of one of them as a solid‐state host. The salts of 3,4,5‐tris(11‐acryloyloxyundecyloxy)benzoic acid with (S)‐2‐amino‐1‐propanol and with (1R,2S)‐norephedrine showed hexagonal and rectangular columnar liquid‐crystalline structures, respectively. The successful application of γ‐ray‐induced polymerization to the cross‐linking of the liquid‐crystalline salts, which was more advantageous than photoinduced polymerization from the standpoint of the retention of the original structural order in the gram‐scale preparation of the polymers with a homogeneous columnar structure. The cross‐linked polymer thus obtained from the gallic acid derivative and (1R,2S)‐norephedrine was applicable as a heterogeneous host to capture amines from a guest solution through acid–amine interactions. When (1R,2S)‐norephedrine was replaced with other amines through the guest‐exchange reaction, a “template effect” was observed; the size and shape of the guests were determining factors for the efficiency of the guest exchange. The guest adsorption was found to proceed in an enantioselective manner when racemic 2‐amino alcohols were used as guests, especially in the cases of substrates possessing a bulky substituent at the C1‐position. The guest preference was again elucidated by the template effect, although the enantioselection mode was switched depending on the presence of a C2 substituent.
Design and Generation of Extended Zeolitic Metal–Organic Frameworks (ZMOFs): Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Zinc(II) Imidazolate Polymers with Zeolitic Topologies
Authors: Tian Yun‐Qi , Zhao Yu‐Ming , Chen Zhen‐Xia , Zhang Guang‐Ning , Weng Lin‐Hong , Zhao Dong‐Yuan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAttempts to create metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with zeolitic topologies, metal (zinc(II) and cobalt(II)) imidazolates have repeatedly been used as the metal–organic motifs of inorganic silicate analogues. By modulating the synthetic strategy based on the solvothermal and liquid diffusion method, seven further MOFs (including at least three zeolitic MOFs) of zinc(II) imidazolates, [Zn(im)2⋅x G] (G=guest molecule, x=0.2–1) 1 a–7 a, have been successfully synthesized. Of these, 1 a–3 a are isostructural with the previously reported cobalt analogues 1 b–3 b, respectively, while 4 a–7 a are new members of the metal imidazolate MOF family. Complex 4 a exhibits a structure related to silicate CaAl2Si2O8 of CrB4 topology, but with a higher network symmetry; complex 5 a has a structure with zeolitic DFT topology that was discovered in zeolite‐related materials of DAF‐2, UCSB‐3, and UCSB‐3GaGe; complex 6 a demonstrates an unprecedented zeolite‐like topology with one dimensional channels with 10‐rings; and 7 a displays a structure of natural zeolite GIS (gismondine) topology. All of these polymorphous MOFs were created only by using certain solvents as structure‐directing agents (SDAs). Further extensive metal–organic frameworks with zeolitic topologies can be envisaged if other solvents were to be used.
From Dioxin to Drug Lead—The Development of 2,3,7,8‐Tetrachlorophenothiazine
Authors: Fried Kristian W. , Schneider Christopher M. , Schramm Karl‐Werner , Datta Apurba , Chahbane Naima , Corsten Claudia , Powell Douglas R. , Lenoir Dieter , Kettrup Antonius , Terranova Paul , Georg Gunda I. , Rozman Karl K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPolychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins are persistent environmental pollutants. The most potent congener, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD), causes a wasting syndrome and is a potent carcinogen and immunosuppressant in the rat at high doses. However, low doses cause opposite effects to some of those observed at higher doses, resulting in chemoprevention, stimulation of the immune system, and longevity in experimental animals. The new TCDD analogue, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorophenothiazine (TCPT), was developed to take advantage of the low‐dose effects of dioxins that have potential application as therapeutics. Its development marked a deviation from the traditional scope of phenothiazine drug design by deriving biological effects from aryl substituents. TCPT was synthesized in three steps. The key ring‐closing step was performed utilizing a Buchwald‐Hartwig amination to provide TCPT in 37 % yield. Its potency to induce CYP1A1 activity over 24 h was 370 times lower than that of TCDD in vitro. The elimination half‐life of the parent compound in serum was 5.4 h in the rat and 2.7 h in the guinea pig, compared to 11 and 30 days, respectively, for TCDD. These initial findings clearly differentiate TCPT from TCDD and provide the basis for further studies of its potential as a drug lead.
Localization of CiCBR in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis: Evidence of an ancient role for cannabinoid receptors as axonal regulators of neuronal signalling
Authors: Egertová Michaela , Elphick Maurice R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractCiCBR is a G‐protein‐coupled receptor in the sea‐squirt Ciona intestinalis and the first ortholog of vertebrate CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors to be identified in an invertebrate (Elphick et al. [2003] Gene 302:95–101). Here we have used Western blotting and immunocytochemistry to examine expression of CiCBR in adult Ciona, employing novel antibodies to the C‐terminal tail of CiCBR. Consistent with the expected mass for CiCBR, a ∼47‐kDa band was detected in Ciona membranes, and immunocytochemical analysis of serial sections of Ciona revealed intense immunoreactivity in the cerebral ganglion localised in a dense meshwork of fibers in the neuropile. Accordingly, Western blot analysis of neural complex homogenates revealed the presence of a ∼47‐kDa band. CiCBR immunoreactivity was also observed in axons exiting the ganglion in the anterior and posterior nerves, and analysis of whole‐mount preparations revealed that these axons project over the interior surface of the oral and atrial siphons. Isolated CiCBR‐immunoreactive axons not associated with the anterior and posterior nerves were observed projecting through the cortical layer of the cerebral ganglion. Central and peripheral CiCBR‐immunoreactive fibers were studded with intensely stained varicosities, indicative of a role for CiCBR in regulation of axonal release of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, or neurohormones. Collectively, our data suggest that the well‐established role that the CB1 receptor has as an axonal regulator of neurotransmitter release in mammals may have originated with ancestral‐type cannabinoid receptors in invertebrate chordates before the emergence of CB1‐ and CB2‐type receptors in vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:660–672, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Two Manganese(II) Polymers Bearing Ferrocenecarboxylato Ligands
Authors: Chen Zilu , Ma Yunsheng , Liang Fupei , Zhou Zhaohui 
Published: March 2007

AbstractReactions of Mn(ClO4)2·6H2O with FcCO2Na [Fc = (η5‐C5H4)Fe(η5‐C5H5)] in methanol solution gave [Mn3(FcCO2)6(CH3OH)4]n (1), and, in the presence of 4,4′‐bipyridine (4,4′‐bpy), [Mn3(FcCO2)6(H2O)2(4,4′‐bpy)]n (2). Both complexes have the similar chains with a sequence of –Mn–(μ2‐COO)n–Mn–(μ2‐COO)–Mn–(μ2‐COO)–Mn–(μ2‐COO)n–Mn– (n = 4 and 2 for complex 1 and 2, respectively), which are constructed alternatively from mononuclear [MnII] units and dinuclear [Mn2(FcCO2)4] units by μ2‐ferrocenecarboxylato‐O,O′ bridging. The two MnII ions in the dinuclear [Mn2(FcCO2)4] units of complex 1 are connected by four ferrocenecarboxylato ligands to form a swastika‐like shaped skeleton, which is rare in metallocenecarboxylato complexes. However, the two MnII ions in the dinuclear [Mn2(FcCO2)4] units of complex 2 are bridged only by two carboxylato ligands, and the other two ferrocenecarboxylato ligands in this unit bind in a chelating mode. The chains in complex 2 are further interconnected by the coordinated 4,4′‐bipyridine molecules to form two‐dimensional coordination sheets. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed a weak antiferromagnetic coupling for both complexes. A model Heisenberg chain comprising classical spins coupled through alternating exchange interactions J1–J1–J2 (AF1–AF1–AF2) is proposed to describe the magnetic behavior. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Controlled Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Nanostructures through a Facile Hydrothermal Route in the Presence of Sodium Citrate
Authors: Xiao Hong‐Mei , Fu Shao‐Yun , Zhu Lu‐Ping , Li Yuan‐Qing , Yang Guo 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe controlled synthesis of one‐dimensional, two dimensional, and three‐dimensional CuO nanostructures has been achieved by a hydrothermal process in the presence of sodium citrate (SC) by simply controlling the reaction conditions. When the molar ratio of sodium citrate to CuSO4·5H2O (represented by SC/Cu2+) is below 1.0, 1D CuO nanorods with 30–40 nm diameters and 100–200 nm lengths are formed. In the absence of citrate, 2D flakelike CuO nanostructures with 150–200 nm widths and 300–400 nm lengths are obtained. When the SC/Cu2+ ratio is more than 1.0, 3D branchlike CuO nanostructures with lengths of hundreds of nanometers and diameters of 20–100 nm are attained. On the basis of the morphology and X‐ray diffraction patterns of the samples, a possible growth mechanism for the CuO nanostructures is proposed. Moreover, it is shown that the optical bandgap energy (Eg) of resulting CuO nanostructures can be tuned through morphological control of the CuO nanostructures. Ultraviolet absorption measurements reveal that the estimated bandgap energy of the 1D rodlike, 2D flakelike, and 3D branchlike CuO nanostructures is 2.36, 1.60, and 1.40 eV, respectively.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Oral Bioaccessibility and Leaching: Tests for Soil Risk Assessment
Authors: Hansen J. B. , Oomen A. G. , Edelgaard I. , Grøn C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA set of test methods for estimating the risk for human health (oral bioaccessibility tests) and groundwater (leaching tests) was applied to contaminated soils from three sites with different sources of contamination. The bioaccessible soil concentrations of the contaminants cadmium, lead, nickel, benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(a,h)anthracene were considerably lower than the total concentrations. The leached concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cadmium and nickel were below the EU drinking water and Danish groundwater criteria, whereas the leached lead concentrations were below the drinking water criteria but above the groundwater criteria. Based upon the test results, a risk assessment of the soils with respect to human health (oral exposure) and groundwater was established that reflected a reduced availability and mobility of PAH and heavy metals in the soils.
Characterization of Growth and Metabolism of Commercial Strains of Propionic Acid Bacteria by Pressure Measurement
Authors: Benjelloun H. , Rabe Ravelona M. , Lebeault J.‐M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractDairy propionibacteria are essential starters for Emmental cheese manufacture. The behavior of three commercial strains of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii (P.f. 1, P.f. 2 and P.f 3) were studied in a liquid medium under air and N2 atmosphere using an on‐line pressure measurement technique. Growth kinetics and metabolite production were characterized under conditions usually reported as “optimal conditions” (pH 6.5, NaCl 0 %, temperature 30 °C) and also evaluated under “stressful conditions” (pH 5.2, NaCl 2 %, temperature 20 °C) simulating the cheese ripening conditions. In both cases, the effects of oxygen on growth were strain‐dependent. Under “stressful conditions”, two of the three strains were inhibited by oxygen under conditions of air atmosphere, while all three strains grew under conditions of N2 atmosphere. In the latter case, the duration of the lag phase and the maximum rate of pressure variation were significantly different, however, no significant differences were found between the strains with regard to the total fermentation time. Under “optimal conditions” metabolite production was strain‐dependent. In an air atmosphere, all strains produced more acetate and CO2 and less propionate than in a nitrogen atmosphere.
Effect of Pollution Load and Oxygen Availability on Thermophilic Aerobic Continuous Biodegradation of Potato Processing Wastewater
Authors: Lasik M. , Nowak J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe possibility of enhancing the effectiveness of the biodegradation process of potato wastewater was evaluated. The effect of wastewater pollution load, dilution rate and oxygen supplementation during the thermophilic aerobic continuous utilization process on biodegradation of the main organic pollutants was investigated. Aeration performed using a stirred tank reactor (1.5 vvm, 300 rpm, 55 °C) proved to be not sufficient to provide aerobic conditions. During the continuous process, the amount of oxygen introduced into the wastewater was totally utilized by the microflora. The accumulation and decomposition of the fermentative metabolism products of the Bacillus mixed culture during oxygen limitation and supplementation were analyzed. Under microaerobic conditions (DOT < 1 %), a biosynthesis of acetic acid was observed up to a concentration of 6.5 g/dm3. After chemostat conditions were achieved, the level of acetic acid stabilized at 2.2 g/dm3. The addition of oxygen for aeration allowed a total decomposition of organic acids like acetic and lactic acid (the by‐products were synthesized from partially oxidized substrates) as well as an increase in COD reduction of the wastewater (from 66 % to 79 %). The periodic fortification of aeration with pure oxygen is proposed for critical situations during the continuous wastewater biodegradation when an unexpected inflow of highly polluted wastewater occurs in the system.
Modal analysis of non‐classically damped linear systems
Authors: Veletsos Anestis S. , Ventura Carlos E. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA critical, textbook‐like review of the generalized modal superposition method of evaluating the dynamic response of nonclassically damped linear systems is presented, which it is hoped will increase the attractiveness of the method to structural engineers and its application in structural engineering practice and research. Special attention is given to identifying the physical significance of the various elements of the solution and to simplifying its implementation. It is shown that the displacements of a non‐classically damped n‐degree‐of‐freedom system may be expressed as a linear combination of the displacements and velocities of n similarly excited single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems, and that once the natural frequencies of vibration of the system have been determined, its response to an arbitrary excitation may be computed with only minimal computational effort beyond that required for the analysis of a classically damped system of the same size. The concepts involved are illustrated by a series of examples, and comprehensive numerical data for a three‐degree‐of‐freedom system are presented which elucidate the effects of several important parameters. The exact solutions for the system are also compared over a wide range of conditions with those computed approximately considering the system to be classically damped, and the interrelationship of two sets of solutions is discussed.
Equivalent stationary motion and average response spectra
Authors: Lin Jeen‐Shang , Tyan Jaung‐Yann 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis study not only attempts to justify an equivalent stationary motion model, but also endeavours to illustrate its potentials as an attractive analysis tool. Using 38 ground accelerations recorded on rock sites as data base, this study first demonstrates that the equivalent stationary motions do give average response spectra compatible with real records. This study also shows that through the equivalent stationary model, a set of motions may be defined by specifying the joint distributions of the model parameters. Finally, by converting a relationship between earthquake magnitude and liquefaction potentials of ground motions, this study has derived normalized magnitude‐dependent response spectra for rock sites.
Seismic inelastic design spectra
Authors: Mostaghel N. , Hernried A. G. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractTo alleviate some of the shortcomings associated with the statistically based inelastic spectral shapes, a rigorous method for the construction of inelastic design spectra is proposed. The method is based on several bounds which are derived from the differential equation of motion for a single degree of freedom system. Comparisons of the proposed spectral bounds with the actual elastoplastic response spectra and with the 84 per cent Newmark elastoplastic design spectra reveal that the proposed method yields a more economical, reliable and simple design aid. To demonstrate the quality of the proposed bounds, comparisons of the bounding spectra with their corresponding constant ductility elastoplastic response spectra for a number of records have been presented.