bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pimecrolimus for Treatment of Acne Rosacea
Authors: Crawford Capt Kevin M. , Russ Lt Col Brian , Bostrom Maj Paul 
Published: June 2007

Background. Rosacea is a common disease, which is often resistant to treatment. Topical calcineurin inhibitors have been efficacious in the treatment of other inflammatory disorders of the skin, and tacrolimus has been reported as an effective treatment option for erythrotelangiectatic rosacea.
Objective. Because of the benefits seen with tacrolimus in previous publications, we investigated the efficacy of a closely related compound, pimecrolimus, in patients with erythrotelangiectatic, papulopustular, and edematous rosacea. Methods. Twelve patients with erthryotelangiectatic or papulopustular rosacea who had failed conventional therapy were treated with topical pimecrolimus cream twice daily for 12–18 weeks. No patients had used any other treatment for rosacea within 30 days of the start of therapy. During the course of the study, no other topical or systemic treatment of rosacea was allowed. Results. Ten of 12 patients showed substantial improvement of erythema, while five of six patients with a papulopustular component noted at least an 80% decrease in the number of lesions.
Conclusions. It appears pimecrolimus May be efficacious in the treatment of erythrotelangiectatic and papulopustular rosacea and May be considered in patients with recalcitrant disease.
Activation Markers in Behçet's Disease
Authors: Basak Coskun , Yunus Saral , Ahmet Gödekmerdan , Ilker Erden , Naci Coskun 
Published: June 2007

Introduction. One of the main problems in Behçet's' disease is the lack of an original laboratory marker that can reflect clinical activity. In this study, laboratory parameters that could be used as indicators of active disease are investigated.
Materials and Methods. The study included a total of 40 patients with Behçet's disease, 25 of whom were active and 15 inactive, who applied to Firat University, Firat Medical Center Dermatology, Rheumatology, Physiotherapy, and Ophthalmology outpatient clinics and a control group composed of 30 healthy volunteers. Serum neopterin, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were determined in all patients and healthy controls.
Results. Serum neopterin, CRP, and ESR levels in active Behçet's disease patients were significantly higher than those in both the inactive group and healthy controls ( p<0.001).
Conclusions. It was contemplated that together with serum CRP and ESR, neopterin could be a useful laboratory parameter in patients in whom disease activation could not be determined.
A Histologic Study of Adverse Effects of Different Cosmetic Skin Fillers
Authors: Meire B. Parada , Nílceo S. Michalany , Karime M. Hassun , Ediléia Bagatin , Sérgio Talarico 
Published: June 2007

Objective. This study was designed to describe the histologic aspects of the cutaneous and mucosal adverse reactions to fillers used for cosmetic purposes.
Methods and Materials. Eleven specimens of adverse reactions caused by Restylane, Artecoll, Metacril, New‐Fill, Aquamid, and liquid silicone were processed and stained by hematoxylin–eosin and Alcian blue and submitted to polarized light.
Results. Most of the reactions were foreign‐body granulomas.
Conclusions. The type of granuloma and the characteristics of the agent were determined, contributing to the histologic identification of the material used. In the cases involving Restylane and Aquamid, it was possible to identify the material using Alcian blue stain and by the presence of necrosis. This stain was strongly positive in Restylane and faintly positive in Aquamid, and intense necrosis was observed in Aquamid cases. In the other cases the filler material itself was recognized and identified.
Combination Therapy With Adapalene Gel 0.1% and Doxycycline for Severe Acne Vulgaris: A Multicenter, Investigator‐Blind, Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Diane M. Thiboutot , Alan R. Shalita , Paul S. Yamauchi , Catherine Dawson , Stéphanie Arsonnaud , Sewon Kang 
Published: June 2007

Background. Combination therapy with a topical retinoid and an antibiotic is recognized as a rational and effective approach for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Adapalene, a naphthoic acid derivative with anti‐inflammatory and receptor‐selective retinoid properties, is safe and well tolerated. While the combination of adapalene with oral or topical antibiotics has been shown to deliver a superior and faster response than an antibiotic alone, the clinical benefits of a combination of adapalene and doxycycline, the most frequently prescribed oral antibiotic for acne in the United States, have yet to be evaluated.
Objective and Methods. In a 12‐week study, the efficacy and safety of the combination of adapalene gel 0.1% with doxycycline was compared with doxycycline alone for the treatment of severe acne. Subjects were randomized to receive doxycycline once daily in the morning and either adapalene or vehicle once daily in the evening.
Results. At Week 12, the combination adapalene‐ doxycycline was significantly superior to doxycycline alone for change from baseline in total (p<0.001), inflammatory (p=0.02), and noninflammatory (p<0.001) lesions. Significant differences in total lesions were observed as early as Week 4 (p=0.04). Both treatments were well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions. The study demonstrates that the combination of adapalene and an oral antibiotic provides a superior and faster benefit than antibiotic therapy alone and should be considered at the initiation of treatment.
Intralesional Methotrexate for Keratoacanthoma of the Nose
Authors: Philip R. Cohen , Keith E. Schulze , Craig F. Teller , Bruce R. Nelson 
Published: June 2007

A 56‐year‐old woman developed a nodule on her nose. A shave biopsy of the enlarging lesion was performed after 2 weeks and showed a keratoacanthoma. During the subsequent 4 weeks, the lesion continued to grow rapidly, and she was referred for excision of the lesion using the Mohs microscopically controlled technique. A tender 10×12 mm (120 mm2) erythematous nodule with a keratin‐filled central umbilication was present on her left nasal ala (Figure 1). Treatment options were discussed. The left nasal ala was locally anesthetized with 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine and the keratoacanthoma was circumferentially infiltrated with 10 mg of methotrexate (0.8 mL of 12.5 mg/mL methotrexate) using a 30‐gauge needle. The total amount of methotrexate injected was divided among several injection sites: the peripheral shoulder of the lesion (such that there was blanching of the entire rim) and under the center of the lesion at a depth clinically judged to be the deepest area of involvement. Within the next 7 days, the tumor began to decrease in size and ulcerate centrally. Examination 2 weeks after the initial injection showed a 71% reduction in the area of the tumor, which now measured 35 mm2 (7.0×5.0 mm). The tumor was injected in a similar manner as before with 5 mg of methotrexate. After another 2 weeks, the tumor had continued to shrink. It was flat without nodularity and measured 12 mm2 (4.0×3.0 mm); the tumor area was 66% less than 2 weeks earlier and 90% less than its original size. The residual tumor was again injected with 4.5 mg of methotrexate. There was complete clinical involution of the tumor when the patient returned for evaluation 6 weeks after her initial injection of methotrexate (Figure 2). A biopsy of the lesional area to confirm histologic resolution of the keratoacanthoma was not performed since there was no visible residual tumor. Periodic follow‐up examination has been performed and there has been no subsequent recurrence of the keratoacanthoma.
Keratoacanthoma of the nose presenting as a rapidly growing nodule with a keratin‐filled central umbilication on the left nasal ala image Resolution of the left nasal ala keratoacanthoma 2 weeks after the third biweekly intralesional treatment with methotrexate image
Influence of implant diameter on surrounding bone
Authors: Brink Jeff , Meraw Stephen J. , Sarment David P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectives: Implant osseointegration is dependent upon various factors, such as bone quality and type of implant surface. It is also subject to adaptation in response to changes in bone metabolism or transmission of masticatory forces. Understanding of long‐term physiologic adjustment is critical to prevention of potential loss of osseointegration, especially because excessive occlusal forces lead to failure. To address this issue, wide‐diameter implants were introduced in part with the hope that greater total implant surface would offer mechanical resistance. Yet, there is little evidence that variation in diameter translates into a different bone response in the implant vicinity. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing the impact of implant diameter on surrounding bone.Material and methods: Twenty standard (3.75 mm) and 20 wide (5 mm) implants were placed using an animal model. Histomorphometry was performed to establish initial bone density (IBD), bone to implant contact (BIC) and adjacent bone density (ABD).Results: BIC was 71% and 73%, whereas ABD was 65% and 52%, for standard and wide implants, respectively. These differences were not statistically different (P>0.05). Correlation with IBD was then investigated. BIC was not correlated with IBD. ABD was not correlated to IBD for standard implants (r2=0.126), but it was correlated with wide implants (r2=0.82). In addition, a 1 : 1 ratio between IBD and ABD was found for wide implants. It can be concluded, within the limits of this study, that ABD may be influenced by implant diameter, perhaps due to differences in force dissipation.
Oral rehabilitation using Camlog® screw–cylinder implants with a particle‐blasted and acid‐etched microstructured surface. Results from a prospective study with special consideration of short implants
Authors: Strietzel Frank Peter , Reichart Peter A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of the present clinical study was to report on the clinical performance of screw–cylinder implants with special consideration of the survival rate of short implants.Material and methods: In this prospective study with consecutive patient recruitment, Camlog® screw–cylinder implants with a particle‐blasted and acid‐etched microstructured surface and a triple‐cam tube‐in‐tube implant‐abutment connection have been used only. Two groups of implants were evaluated: implants of 9 and 11 mm in length were considered short, those of 13 and 16 mm were considered long. Besides clinical and radiographic parameters, data of complications, patients' subjective evaluation of treatment outcome, general medical history and smoking habits were recorded.Results: Three hundred and thirty‐three Camlog® screw–cylinder implants were inserted in 133 patients. One hundred and twenty‐nine patients were available for follow‐up, representing 325 implants. The median observation period was 33 months (Q25% 26; Q75% 38). After a maximum observation period of 55 months, the Kaplan–Meier‐survival analysis revealed no significant difference between the mean survival probabilities of 98.3% (n=59, patient‐related) of short implants, and of 95.7% of long implants (n=70, patient‐related) (P=0.162). No significant difference was found between implant survival rates considering maxilla (98.7%) and mandible (98.2%). A stratified analysis of short implants revealed a significant influence of premature cover screw exposures (P=0.02) and smoking (P=0.008) on implant survival. These influences were not found significant for long implants.Conclusions: The prognosis of short Camlog® implants is comparable with that of long implants. Therefore, their clinical use instead of performance of sophisticated vertical augmentation procedures before installation of long implants might be considered as alternative treatment option. In smokers, the use of short implants should be considered cautiously, however. The risk of premature cover screw exposure should be minimized.
A new optical method to evaluate three‐dimensional volume changes of alveolar contours: a methodological in vitro study
Authors: Windisch Simone I. , Jung Ronald E. , Sailer Irena , Studer Stephan P. , Ender Andreas , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and the accuracy of volumetric measurements of specimens imitating localized alveolar ridge defects using an optical three‐dimensional (3D) system.Material and methods: Eight pairs of specimens (five with a cuboid and three with a geometrically complex form) were used for the measurements. Each of them imitated a pre‐operative ridge defect and a corresponding surgically corrected post‐operative situation. The true volume differences between two corresponding specimens were either assessed by a mechanical 3D coordinate measuring machine or by computer calculation (controls). For the test measurements, an optical 3D system with a newly developed software for volume measurements was utilized. The volumes of the specimen pairs were captured and the data digitized. The volume differences between the simulated pre‐ and post‐operative situations were calculated by subtracting the two values obtained. The accuracy of the optical 3D system was assessed comparing the test and the control values. The difference between these values described the systematic error of the test method. The reproducibility was evaluated by calculating the coefficients of variation of repeated test volume measurements. Descriptive statistics were applied.Results: The accuracy of the optical 3D system was very high with differences between test and control measurements never exceeding 1.5%. The systematic error of the test measurements was consistently below 2.5 mm3. The reproducibility of the measurements showed very low coefficients of variation ranging from 0.05% to 0.5%, indicating excellent reproducibility.Conclusions: The tested optical 3D system showed excellent accuracy and high reproducibility for measuring volume differences between specimens imitating localized alveolar ridge defects before and after augmentation procedures.
Probabilistic analysis of peri‐implant strain predictions as influenced by uncertainties in bone properties and occlusal forces
Authors: Petrie Cynthia S. , Williams John L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of variability in bone properties and loading on peri‐implant crestal and cancellous bone strains using a probabilistic approach, in combination with finite element (FE) analysis.Material and methods: Oblique occlusal loading was applied to a single endosseous implant embedded in a two‐dimensional (2‐D) FE model of a premolar section of a mandible. Perfect bonding was assumed at all interfaces. Five independent parameters (cortical bone thickness (T), cortical (ECORT) and cancellous (ECANC) bone Young's moduli, and vertical (FVERT) and horizontal (FHOR) occlusal forces) were assigned statistical distributions based on data in the literature. Two cancellous bone distribution models were examined, one with a lower mean and range (LM) and the second with a higher mean and range (HM) of cancellous bone Young's modulus values. Sets of randomly chosen values for the five parameters were selected from the distributions and FE analyses were performed for all randomly selected sets.Results: In the LM model, 50% of the cases experienced hyper‐physiologic peri‐implant crestal strains in the region of commonly reported saucerization, compared with about 25% of the cases in the HM model. Relative probabilistic sensitivities (%) of bone strains to the independent input parameters (T, ECORT, ECANC, FVERT and FHOR) were as follows: 29, 11, 30, 13, and 17 for the LM model, and 17, 11, 35, 21, and 15 for the HM model, respectively.Conclusion: Probabilistic analyses of FE models suggest that up to twice as many cases in the LM distribution may be at risk of saucerization as compared with the HM distribution model. Although based on hypothetical distribution values and the limitations inherent to a 2‐D analysis, this probabilistic study demonstrated that FE models are very sensitive to the often arbitrarily assigned values for cancellous bone Young's modulus, and also to values used for cortical bone thickness, when the cancellous bone modulus is low.
Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae
Authors: Vago Bernadette , Haußer Ingrid , Hennies Hans Christian , Enk Alexander , Jappe Uta 
Published: June 2007

SummaryHyalinosis cutis et mucosae is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by deposition of hyaline material around the basement membrane of the skin and mucous membranes. Typical clinical symptoms are hoarseness, infiltration of the mucous membranes and papular verrucous skin changes. Mutations within the extracellular matrix protein gene (ECM‐1) are the underlying defect.We report on a 24‐year‐old man, who had first been seen inour department at the age of seven and had undergone the necessary diagnostic procedures and who revisited 17 years later with hoarseness and extensive verrucous skin changes at elbows and knees which were removed by excision. A new mutation of the ECM1 gene was identified.
Lyme borreliosis – an update
Authors: Aberer Elisabeth 
Published: June 2007

SummaryLyme borreliosis is the most common tick‐borne, infectious disease in the northern hemisphere. Disease manifestations in the United States and Europe vary as a result of geographic distribution of different species within the genospeciesBorrelia burgdorferisensu lato, which in turn are host‐specific. Certain toxigenicB. burgdorferistrains cause early disseminated disease. The ability of Borrelial organisms to break down the extracellular matrix also promotes dissemination.B. burgdorferiare eliminated by complement‐mediated lysis and by T and B cell activity of the specific immune response. Yet,B. burgdorferican evade humoral immunity by means of type of protective mechanism by which it adheres to the proteoglycan decorin in the joints and skin. A further factor in the persistence of the pathogen is altered antigen expression. Re‐infection usually occurs with a different strain, although repeated infection with the same strain is also possible after a certain period of latency. New developments in serologic testing include the use of recombinant native antigen as well as antigens produced in vivo such as VlsE (variable major protein‐like sequence, expressed) or decorin‐binding protein A. Diagnosis continues to be complicated by seropositivity of healthy individuals, the persistence of antibodies after therapy, and a lacking humoral immune response in patients with erythema migrans.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of topical minoxidil and topical alfatradiol in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women
Authors: Blume‐Peytavi Ulrike , Kunte Christian , Krisp Andreas , Bartels Natalie Garcia , Ellwanger Ulf , Hoffmann Rolf 
Published: June 2007

Summary Background: Two drugs which are approved for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women in Germany were compared with regard to their influence on hair growth. Patients and Methods: Patients were randomized to group I (n = 52) who used 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for a period of 12 months or to group II (n = 51) who used 0.025% alfatradiol solution once daily for 6 months and were then switched to 2% minoxidil solution for months 7–12. Changes in hair growth parameters were determined using the TrichoScan. Results:Topical treatment with 2% minoxidil solution for 6 months resulted in a significant increase of cumulative hair thickness (p < 0.0001) and absolute hair density (p ≤ 0.0025), whereas these parameters of hair growth remained nearly unchanged after 6 months of treatment with alfatradiol solution.Evaluation of the same parameters from month 7 to month 12 demonstrated that 12 months minoxidil treatment resulted in an increasing stabilization (group I). After the alfatradiol→minoxidil switch in group II a significant increase in cumulative hair thickness (p < 0.0001) and absolute hair density (p < 0.0001) was achieved. Both study medications were well tolerated. Conclusions: Treatment with minoxidil can induce an increase in hair density and hair thickness,whereas treatment with alfatradiol results in deceleration or stabilization of hair loss.
Treatment of pustular psoriasis with infliximab
Authors: Weishaupt Carsten , Metze Dieter , Luger Thomas A. , Ständer Sonja 
Published: June 2007

SummaryPustular psoriasis is a severe form of psoriasis with a generalized pustular eruption. Since TNF‐α plays an important role in pustular psoriasis, we treated two patients who had not responded to established therapy regimens with the TNF‐α antagonist infliximab. Both patients showed significant improvements of their skin eruption and their general condition within three days after treatment and without any side effects. We suggest that infliximab is a therapeutic option for severe therapy‐resistant pustular psoriasis because a single well‐tolerated dose significantly ameliorates the patient's condition.
Galenics of dermal products – vehicles, properties and drug release
Authors: Daniels Rolf , Knie Ulrich 
Published: June 2007

SummaryThe efficiency, tolerability, and applicability of topical agents are directly related to employed vehicles. Thus to achieve optimum topical therapy, a solid knowledge of the vehicles, their composition, and their physical and dermato‐pharmacological actions are important. Common vehicles are complex mixtures consisting of diverse ingredients belonging to six major groups, i. e. hydrophilic and lipophilic bases, emulsifiers, gel‐forming agents, preservatives, and antioxidants.This makes it possible to optimize both the cosmetic features and to adjust a vehicle to the properties of an incorporated drug and site of application. On the other hand it makes it difficult to make a proper choice between several alternatives or to use it in individual prescriptions. In order to simplify the selection of a formulation, it is useful to categorize them systemically into several groups, such as ointments, creams, gels, emulsions, and suspensions.Within these groups some general rules can be derived for the selection of a vehicle with respect to skin conditions and the application site. When active substances are incorporated into a base the dermato‐biopharmaceutical properties of the whole system (drug + vehicle) also have to be considered. If for a given vehicle drug transport into the skin does not suffice, several methods are described to facilitate its penetration, such as by hydrating the skin or by adding chemical penetration enhancers.