bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal antibody against tumour‐derived cell line shows heterogeneity of altered hepatocytes during afb1‐induced carcinogenesis
Authors: Manson M. M. , Green J. A. , Neal G. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies have been raised against a tumour cell line (JBI) derived from an aflatoxin B1‐fed rat liver. One antibody MRC TU/Jl has been characterized in terms of its immunohistochemical staining in sections of control and AFB,‐fed liver and by the proteins which it immunoprecipitated. The antibody reacted with bile duct epithelium in all sections. In control liver sections there was staining of hepatocyte membranes, with increased stain in periportal regions in animals ⩾12 weeks old. In AFB,‐fed liver sections, areas of biliary hyperplasia were stained and after 4 weeks on AFB1‐diet, foci of altered hepatocytes were visible. These were negative, positive or heterogeneous with respect to antibody stain. The antibody reacted much more strongly with adenomatous and cholangiomatous tissue compared with trabecular regions of hepatic tumours which developed in animals after 14 weeks on AFB, diet and 9 months on control diet. After immunoprecipitation of 14C‐leucine‐labelled proteins from a JBI cell lysate by MRC TU/Jl, 5 bands in the molecular weight range 43,000‐49,000 daltons were visualized on 10% SDS‐PAGE gels. A similar result was obtained with 14C‐glucosamine in place of leucine, indicating that all 5 bands were glycoproteins. Deglycosylation of JBI cell lysates with CNBH1‐/IO4‐ prevented immunoprecipitation of all bands, suggesting that MRC TU/JI recognized antigenic sites on the carbohydrate portions of the molecules.
High‐ and low‐leukemogenic variants of the radiation leukemia virus (RadLV): Immunogenic, suppressive and genetic properties in relation to leukemogenic activity
Authors: Yefenof Eitan , David Ya'acob Ben , Kotler Moshe 
Published: February 2007

AbstractC57BL/6 (B6) mice inoculated with the highly leukemogenic variant of the radiation leukemia virus (A‐RadLV) develop suppressor cells capable of abrogating potential anti‐tumor immunity in vitro and in vivo, Inoculation of B6 animals with the low‐leukemogenic D‐RadLV variant does not result in suppressor cell generation but induces antitumor reactive lymphocytes. A‐RadLV and D‐RadLV are not leukemogenic in BALB/c or (B6 × BALB/c)F1 (F1) mice, and reactive but not suppressor lymphocytes could be demonstrated in F1 animals inoculated with either virus. Infectivity assays and fingerprint analysis revealed that A‐RadLV and D‐RadLV contain viruses with N and B tropism. In addition, thymoma cells induced by A‐RadLV produced another virus with a fingerprint pattern containing X‐MuLV elements. The possible implications of the different virus types on the immunogenic and leukemogenic properties of the RadLV variants are discussed.
Tumor‐associated macrophages stimulate the proliferation of murine tumor cells surviving treatment with the oncolytic cyclophosphamide analogue ASTA Z‐7557: In vivo implications
Authors: Evans Robert , Duffy Theodore , Cullen Richard T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report is concerned with the hypothesis that tumor‐associated macrophages (TAM) present during cyclophos‐phamide (CY)‐induced tumor regression stimulate proliferation of tumor stem cells that remain after the oncolytic action of CY has dissipated. In preliminary studies, plasma or serum from CY‐injected mice was used as a source of CY metabolites. However, because of the relatively high background toxicity of normal mouse plasma/serum and the lack of a precise technique to quantify how much metabolite was present at any one time, this approach was abandoned. In place of the plasma metabolites, we used the CY analogue, 4‐(2‐sulfonatoethylthio)‐cyclophosphamide cyclohexylamine salt, Asta Z‐7557. On solubilization in water, Asta Z‐7557 yields phosphoramide mustard, one of the oncolytic metabolites of CY in vivo. This approach enabled us to quantitate the amount of drug used in vitro and to control the amount to which tumor cells and macrophages were exposed. It was demonstrated that when two different C57BL/6J tumor cell targets, the MCA/76‐9 sarcoma and the EL4 lymphoma subline, E2G.2, were treated with defined quantities of Asta Z‐7557, those cells surviving the toxic effects were stimulated to proliferate in the presence of TAM isolated from the MCA/76‐9 sarcoma. Although pretreatment of the TAM with the drug slightly diminished the stimulatory effect, this was still significantly greater than the effect of culture medium alone. In no instance was there evidence that drug treatment rendered the macrophages cytotoxic towards the tumor cells. The data supported the notion that in vivo the presence of a high proportion of TAM during CY‐induced temporary tumor regression may contribute directly to the resurgence of tumor growth.
Relationship between serum and histochemical markers for hepatitis B virus and rate of viral integration in hepatocellular carcinomas in Japan
Authors: Hino Okio , Kitagawa Tomoyuki , Sugano Haruo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationship between serological and histochemical markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and viral integration in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in Japan was investigated. Special attention was paid to the exclusion of false‐positive results due to bacterial contamination of autopsy materials. Of 85 patients with HCC, 23 were positive for serum HBsAg, 18 were positive for serum HBV antibodies and the remaining 44 were negative for serum HBV markers. Among the 23 HCCs from HBsAg carriers, 19 (82.6%) had integrated HBV DNA in the tumor DNA. In contrast, of the 18 HCCs from HBV antibody‐positive patients, only one was positive for HBV DNA integration; this particular HCC was from a longterm HBsAg carrier who became a non‐carrier by seroconversion at a later age. Of 44 HCCs from patients negative for serum HBV markers, 3 had integrated HBV DNA. Of these 3 cases, 2 were, however, histochemically positive for HBsAg in non‐cancerous portions of the liver. Thus, our present results show a high integration rate of HBV DNA in HCCs of carrier patients and an extremely low rate of viral integration in HCCs of noncarrier patients, The latter finding contrasts strongly with previous results gained from analysing materials from patients in Europe and Africa. No histological differences were apparent between HCCs with or without viral integration.
Murine monoclonal antibody LAM2 defines cell membrane determinant with preferential expression on human lung small‐cell carcinoma and squamous‐cell carcinomas
Authors: Stahel Rolf A. , Speak Jonathan A. , Bernal Samuel D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMurine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated against a human undifferentiated lung carcinoma cell line. The hybridoma designated LAM2 produced an IgM kappa MAb with reactivity to the cell membrane. Indirect immunofluorescence staining and radioimmunoassays showed LAM2 antibody to react preferentially with lung small‐cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines and squamous‐cell carcinoma (SQC) cell lines. LAM2 antibody also stained primary cultures of normal bronchial epithelial cells, but was unreactive with human erythrocytes and nucleated marrow cells. Indirect immunofluorescent staining with LAM2 antibody was performed on frozen sections of human tumor tissues and normal tissues. LAM2 antibody stained all 8 SCC carcinomas. 4 of 5 SQC of the lung and head and neck region, and 2 of 4 lung large‐cell carcinomas. No staining was seen on lung adenocarcinomas, breast carcinomas, ovarian carcinomas, renal cell carcinomas, colon carcinomas, or mesotheliomas. Staining was present on sections of normal bronchus, but not on normal lung parenchyma, liver, kidney, adrenal or skin. While LAM2 antibody was highly reactive with all SCC examined, its antigenic determinant was not expressed in other cell lines and tumors of presumed neuroectodermal origin, including neuroblastoma, melanoma, and bronchial carcinoid. Radioimmunoprecipitation showed the antigen defined by LAM2 antibody to have two major bands of approximate molecular weights of 45,000 and 125,000. The selective reactivity of LAM2 antibody with SCC and SQC, but not with most other tumor tissues and normal tissues, makes it a good candidate for use in clinical diagnosis and possibly serotherapy.
A prospective study of association of herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus infection with cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero
Authors: Adam Ervin , Kaufman Raymond H. , Adler‐Storthz Karen , Melnick Joseph L. , Dreesman Gordon R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne thousand one hundred thirty‐four women, enrolled in a prospective study of the development of cervical neoplasia in women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero, were examined at least once a year. Twenty‐three women developed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of different degrees during the 7‐year follow‐up period and were matched with women who did not develop CIN during the study period. Serum samples were obtained at the time of entry into the study and at the time of diagnosis of neoplasia. In the control group, a second serum sample was obtained close to the time when CIN was diagnosed in the other group of women. The sera were studied for antibodies to both types of herpes simplex virus (HSV) by microneutralization assay and by a radioimmunoassay using, as antigens, glycoproteins VPI23 for HSV type I and VPII9 for HSV type 2. Women who developed CIN had, in the enrolment specimen which preceded the neoplasia, a higher rate of antibodies to HSV‐1 than did the matched controls (22%), while the two groups did not differ in frequency of antibodies to HSV‐2 (9%). Similar differences were observed in the samples drawn at the time of diagnosis of CIN. Women who later developed CIN and had, at the time of entry into the study, cervical epithelial changes associated with DES exposure, were infected with HSV‐1 at a higher rate than women who remained free of neoplasia or women with CIN but without DES‐associated cervical epithelial changes. Morphologic evidence of associated papillomavirus (HPV) infection was observed in 74% of CIN cases and no such observation was made in biopsy specimens taken prior to development of CIN. Morphologic evidence of HPV infection was found in a woman of the control group having squamous metaplasia. HPV structural antigens were found in 3 of 10 CIN I and CIN II cases, and none in the CIN III specimens. The possible role of the HSV and HPV infection in the pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia is discussed.
A re‐examination of the epstein‐barr virus carrier state in healthy seropositive individuals
Authors: Yao Q. Y. , Rickinson A. B. , Epstein M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA panel of 24 healthy seropositive donors have been followed prospectively over a period of 15 months and monitored (1) for the level of EB virus shedding in the throat by means of a sensitive cord‐blood transformation assay; (2) for the level of virus‐infected B cells in the blood via a new in vitro protocol where “spontaneous transformation” can be seen to titrate against input cell number; (3) for anti‐EB viral antibody titres and (4) for the prevailing level of virus‐specific memory T cells in the circulation. Six donors shed easily detectable levels of EB virus into throat washings on every occasion of testing, whilst 16 other donors shed lower levels of virus detectable in throat washings on a majority (10 donors) or on a minority (6 donors) of test occasions; only 2/24 donors gave no evidence of virus shedding at any time. There was a direct relationship between the EB virus shedder status of an individual (i. e., the level of virus replication in the pharynx) and the number of infected B cells present in the circulation. These results indicate that chronic, usually low‐grade, replication of the virus at some permissive site in the oro‐and/or naso‐pharynx is very often a stable accompaniment of the asymptomatic EB virus carrier state, and may indeed be essential for the long‐term maintenance of that state.
HTLV‐positive and ‐negative T‐cell lymphomas. Morphological and immunohistochemical differences between european and HTLV‐positive japanese T‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Lennet Karl , Kikuchi Masahiro , Sato Eiichi , Suchi Taizan , Stansfeld Alfred G. , Feller Alfred C. , Hansmann Martin‐Leo , Müller‐Hermelink H. Konrad , Gödde‐Salz Elisabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA total of 56 cases of malignant lymphoma presumed to be of peripheral T‐cell origin were investigated with regard to histological and immunohistochemical features. The goal of the study was to determine whether virus‐associated T‐cell lymphomas can be morphologically or immunohistochemically distinguished from presumably virus‐negative T‐cell lymphomas. The cases came from endemic and nonendemic regions of Japan, the United Kingdom (including 4 Caribbean cases) and the Federal Republic of Germany. Sera of all Japanese and Caribbean patients and 8 German patients were tested for antibodies to adult T‐cell leukaemia virus‐associated antigen HTLV‐A. In all cases sections were examined blind by 5 welltrained histopathologists. In most cases cryostat sections could be prepared from fresh tissue specimens and stained with a large panel of monoclonal antibodies.All HTLV‐A‐positive cases were morphologically classifiable as the pleomorphic type of T‐cell lymphoma. Approximately 70% of the tested cases of pleomorphic T‐cell lymphoma, however, showed a positive serum reaction for HTLV‐A. All other types of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (T‐immunoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia of T type, T‐zone lymphoma, “AILD type” and lymphoepithelioid cell lymphoma) were HTLV‐A‐negative and mostly observed in European patients. Thus virus‐associated T‐cell lymphomas appear to be invariably of the pleomorphic type; but pleomorphism is not specific to HTLV‐A‐positive cases. This was also evident from the results of an experiment in which 2 Japanese histopathologists attempted to recognize HTLV‐A positivity in a blind study of pleomorphic T‐cell lymphomas. A maximum of about 80% of cases were correctly identified, with about 10% false‐positive diagnoses (in HTLV‐A‐negative or presumably negative cases) and 10% false‐negative diagnoses.The immunohistochemical analysis revealed not only many common features but also 2 distinct differences between HTLV‐A‐positive and ‐negative T‐cell lymphomas. All but one of the HTLV‐A‐positive cases showed reactivity with anti‐Tac and all cases in the virus‐positive group were negative for TÜ14. All other cases were Tac‐negative and approximately 65% of these cases exhibited reactivity with TÜ14. Preliminary cytogenetic observations suggest that there are also differences in specific chromosome aberrations.
Structural characterization and biosynthesis of gp87, a melanoma‐associated oncofetal antigen defined by monoclonal antibody 140.240
Authors: Khosravi Mohammed J. , Dent Peter B. , Liao Shuen‐Kuei 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monocolnal antibody 140.240, which reacts with a melanoma‐associated oncofetal antigen, identifies an epitope present on an 87 kd molecule present on the surface of melanoma cells. This molecule is a singlechain monomer, which by tunicamycin treatment and two‐dimensional tryptic mapping has been shown to arise from a 77 kd polypeptide precursor (p77). This precursor is rapidly glycosylated to an 83 kd intermediate (gp83) which in turn is rapidly further glycosylated into the mature 87 kd glycopolypeptie (gp87). Neuraminidase treatment of the glycopeptides indicates that only gp87 contains accessible sialic acid moieties.
A study of angiogenesis factors from five different sources using a radioimmunoassay
Authors: Shahabuddin S. , Kumar S. , West D. , Arnold F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe use of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) demonstrated that angiogenic factors from human and animal tumours, normal bovine retinas, myocardial infarcts, synovial fluid from patients with joint diseases and wound fluid shared common antigenic determinants. Values for angiogenesis factors expressed as μg Walker tumour TAF/mg protein varied from 0.8 (wound fluid) to 207 (myocardial infarct). Activated macrophages produced an angiogenic factor which did not crossreact. Normal tissue extracts which were non‐angiogenic by the chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay also failed to cross‐react in the RIA. The antigenic similarity of angiogenic factors from such a wide variety of sources suggests that, in order to minimize therapeutic side effects, it would be best to use angiogenic agonists and antagonists locally.
The use of hybridoma cells as a murine model to study tumor immunity
Authors: Ezaki Taichi , Marbrook John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe secretion of antibody by hybridoma cells allows the growth of individual cells to be measured by a hemolytic plaque assay. Similarly, plaque reduction assays are sensitive indicators of tumor immunity. A series of strains of hybridoma have been isolated from an original isolate which is sensitive to cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. In the derivation of a spleen‐seeking variant, the cells appear to have lost immunogenic but not antigenic characteristics. This model lends itself to the quantitative study of immune constraints on tumor growth in vivo. Combined with the selection of tumor variants, the model is of wide application to many fields of tumor biology, particularly where sensitive measurement of tumor cell number and viability is crucial.
Heterogeneity in surface antigen of cell lines and clones from a murine carcinoma
Authors: Kiger Nicole 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell lines of the murine Lewis lung tumor (3LL) were established from primary tumor site (PT) and from lung metastatic foci (Met). Expression of histocompatibility antigens was assessed by immunofluorescence with an anti‐H‐2b antibody and by tumorigenicity of the cells in different strains of mice. Analysis for tumor‐associated transplantation antigens (TATA) were performed by challenging mice with living tumor cells after pretreatment with irradiated cells or by in vivo tumor neutralization assays with different tumor cells as target cells and T lymphocytes from immunized animals as effector cells. The 3LL tumor was found to be heterogeneous in respect to tumor growth rate in vivo, metastatic capacity in vivo, expression of normal histocompatibility antigens and expression of “TATA”. Moreover, monoclonal antibody B1(H11‐115) binding to a Met cell surface antigen, but not to normal cells, was obtained. The antibody bound to 3LL tumor cell lines from primary tumor (PTH, PTV), from a mixture of metastatic foci (MetH, MetV), from different metastatic foci originating from 3 different mice, and to 21 subclones derived from one of the lines established from a metastatic focus. Analysis of the 3LL sublines demonstrated a significant antigenic heterogeneity within each tumor population as well as among the different sublines.
AFP‐synthesis induction in mouse hepatomas
Authors: Shipova L. Y. , Gleiberman A. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHighly differentiated, spontaneous hepatomas occurring in 13‐ to 15‐month‐old CBA mice were unable to produce embryo‐specific serum protein alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP). AFP synthesis, however, was induced in such tumors by minimal mechanical damage (small incisions of the tumors). On the 3rd day following surgery, AFP‐positive cells were detected in two zones: (I) along the inflammatory shaft arising around the peripheral parts of incisions, and (2) near large blood vessels draining the damaged areas. It is suggested that mechanisms regulating AFP synthesis in highly differentiated hepatomas are similar to those of the normal liver and are related to local structural rearrangements.
Short‐term effects of danazol and medroxyprogesterone acetate on cytosol and nuclear estrogen and progestin receptors, 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, histopathology, and ultrastructure of human endometrial adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kauppila Anti , Isotalo Hannu , Kivinen Seppo , Stenbäck Frej , Vihko Reijo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe measured concentrations of cytosol and nuclear estrogen, as well as progestin receptors and activities of 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17‐HSD), and examined histopathology and ultrastructure of endometrial carcinoma specimens taken before and after one‐week danazol (200 mg, 3 times daily) or medroxy‐progesterone acetate (MPA, 100 mg daily) treatments in 14 and 16 patients, respectively. A typical progestin effect, a significant increase in the activity of 17‐HSD, was observed after both treatments. The post‐therapy 17‐HSD activities correlated significantly with the pretreatment cytosol progestin receptor concentrations in both treatment groups. Both MPA and danazol decreased the proliferative activity and increased the secretory activity of the malignant epithelial endometrial cells. These biochemical and morphological results support the concept that danazol has progestin‐like actions on the human endometrium, and might therefore be an alternative for hormonal treatment of endometrial carcinoma.
Tissue carcinoembryonic antigen and estrogen receptor in human breast cancer
Authors: Hartfiel Renate , Lopes José Daniel , Lopes Miriam T. P. , Brentani M. Mitzi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty‐six human ductal infiltrative breast carcinomas were examined for their estrogen receptor (ER) by the dextran‐coated charcoal procedure and for the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by immunofluorescence with the aid of monoclonal antibodies. Statistically significant differences in CEA positivity were found between stage III (33%) and stage II (19%) tumors (Z = 2.08; p < 0.02) and between ER + (22%) and ER – (37%) tumors (Z = 2.083; p < 0.02). An inverse correlation was observed between positivity and receptor concentrations. No difference in CEA positivity was observed between pre‐ and post‐menopausal women.
An immunohistological method for estimating cell growth fractions in rapid histopathological diagnosis during surgery
Authors: Gerdes Johannes 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the past, it has been impossible to carry out immunohistological staining as part of a rapid histopathological diagnosis during surgery because the available methods were too time‐consuming. The present report introduces a rapid indirect immunoperoxidase method that requires only 10–12 min. Thus, the immunological characterization of tumour cells may now be applied as an additional parameter for histopathological diagnosis during surgery. In this first attempt, the monoclonal antibody Ki‐67, which reacts with a human nuclear antigen present in proliferating cells and absent in quiescent cells, was applied with a new immunostaining method and the results were compared with those obtained by the more time‐consuming routine immunohistological method. There was no significant difference between the percentages of Ki‐67‐positive cells determined with the two methods in normal or neoplastic human tissues. Since knowledge of the growth rate of a malignant tumour may be of prognostic and/or therapeutic value in individual cases, it might be useful to routinely apply this new approach for histopathological diagnosis during surgery.