bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective study of intramuscular ergometrine compared with intramuscular oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Saito Keisuke , Haruki Atsushi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Tsuneo , Nagase Hiromi , Koyama Makiko , Endo Masaya , Hirahara Fumiki 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  To compare the efficacy and safety of intramuscular oxytocin with intramuscular ergometrine in the management of postpartum hemorrhage during the third stage of labor.Methods:  Women who had been pregnant for more than 35 weeks and delivered cephalic singletons vaginally without predelivery administration of oxytocics were included. The cases considered to be at high risk were excluded, such as those who had uterine fibroids, a previous cesarean section, previous postpartum hemorrhage, or severe anemia. Five units of oxytocin or 0.2 mg of methylergometrine were administered intramuscularly immediately after delivery of the baby.Results:  Compared with intramuscular ergometrine, the use of intramuscular oxytocin was associated with a significant reduction in mean total postpartum blood loss (288.16 g vs 354.42 g, P = 0.004), frequency of postpartum hemorrhage (≥500 mL: 10.9% vs 20.32%, relative risk [RR] = 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32–0.91), and need for therapeutic oxytocics (5.13% vs 12.3%, RR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.19–0.91). There were no differences between the groups in terms of the mean duration of the third stage, the mean level of hemoglobin on the second postpartum day, and the frequency of postpartum hemorrhage (≥1000 mL), or manual removal of placenta. Few side‐effects were found, with no significant differences between the groups.Conclusions:  The routine use of intramuscular oxytocin is more effective than the use of intramuscular ergometrine for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in the third stage of labor.
Impact of advanced maternal age on neonatal survival of twin small‐for‐gestational‐age subtypes
Authors: Kristensen Sibylle , Salihu Hamisu M. , Keith Louis G. , Kirby Russell S. , Pass Mary A. B. , Fowler Karen B. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  We examined the impact of advanced maternal age (>40 years old) on the survival of twin small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infants, that is, infants who were smaller in size than was expected for the baby's sex, genetic heritage, and gestational age.Methods:  The present study was a retrospective cohort study on twin live births in the USA from 1995 to 1998 inclusive. Two categories of SGA babies were defined: discordant (when only one of a twin pair was SGA) and concordant (when both were SGA). Otherwise, the twin pair was appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA) concordant.Results:  192 195 twin pairs were analyzed. The incidence of SGA discordance and concordance was 11.8% and 3.9%, respectively. The occurrence of both SGA subtypes tended to decrease with increasing maternal age. The unadjusted risk for neonatal mortality increased when both twins were affected (15.8: 22.8 and 56.6 per 1000 among AGA concordant, SGA discordant and SGA concordant twins; P‐value for trend < 0.0001). Using maternal‐age‐specific AGA babies as reference, the adjusted risk for neonatal mortality climbed progressively with advancing maternal age in a dose‐dependent pattern, being lowest among teenagers and highest in mothers aged ≥40 years.Conclusions:  SGA discordance and concordance declined with advancing maternal age. In contrast, neonatal mortality of both SGA subtypes worsened with the increase in maternal age compared with that of the age‐specific AGA infants. These findings are potentially useful to care providers in counseling older women, a group that is progressively increasing in size and is most susceptible to twining.
Maternal positioning and fetal positioning in utero
Authors: Matsuo Koji , Shimoya Koichiro , Ushioda Norichika , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  Approximately two‐thirds of term vertex fetuses are in the left occiput position in utero. However, little is understood about the physiology of maternal–fetal positioning during pregnancy. It was hypothesized that fetal left occiput positioning is affected by maternal positioning. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between maternal positioning in late pregnancy and fetal positioning in utero.Methods:  A prospective cohort study was conducted at Ueda Hospital, Kobe, Japan. Eligible women were limited to low‐risk pregnancies ending in spontaneous vaginal delivery with singleton vertex fetuses. Information obtained from the mother included the preference of positioning during sleep in the second half of pregnancy. Fetal information recorded after delivery included fetal positioning.Results:  Eighty‐one (50.6%) of 160 evaluated women preferred left lateral positioning while 70 (43.8%) women preferred right lateral positioning in the second half of pregnancy. Seventy‐seven (51.7%) of 149 evaluated fetuses were in the left occiput position while 72 (48.3%) fetuses were in the right occiput position in utero. Maternal left lateral positioning with fetal left occiput position in utero was the predominant positioning (41 of 149, 27.5%). However, there was no statistical relationship between maternal positioning and fetal occiput positioning in utero.Conclusion:  More women prefer the left lateral position during the second half of pregnancy. More fetuses are in the left occiput in utero during the late stage of pregnancy. However, no statistical relationship was observed between maternal and fetal positioning.
Pattern of lymph node metastasis and the optimal extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy in FIGO stage IB cervical cancer
Authors: Lee Jong‐Min , Lee Kwang‐Beom , Lee Seon‐Kyung , Park Chan‐Yong 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the distribution pattern of lymph node metastasis and to determine the optimal extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy (LA) in FIGO stage IB cervical cancer.Methods:  The medical records of 187 patients with FIGO stage IB cervical cancer from March 1996 to December 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. The distribution pattern and risk factors of lymph node metastases were analyzed in 31 patients with lymph node metastases confirmed surgically. One hundred patients, who underwent type III hysterectomy with pelvic LA but did not receive any adjuvant treatment, were analyzed to evaluate whether the extent of LA affected the prognosis of FIGO stage IB cervical cancer. Type I LA included the external iliac nodes, hypogastric nodes, obturator nodes, and parametrial nodes. Type II LA included the pelvic nodes described in type I LA, the common iliac nodes, gluteal nodes, deep inguinal nodes and sometimes the presacral nodes.Results:  Solitary lymph node metastasis confined to one node group was seen in the obturator, external iliac or hypogastric lymph nodes. All patients with lymph node metastases at multiple sites had metastasis in at least one of these lymph‐node groups. There was no significant difference in disease‐free survival and overall survival in patients without pathologic high‐risk factors according to the type of pelvic LA.Conclusion:  The extent of LA should be adjusted to reduce complications and not to affect adversely the prognosis of FIGO stage IB cervical cancer patients without pathologic high‐risk factors.
Ovarian endometriosis associated with ovarian cancer and endometrial–endocervical polyps
Authors: Kontoravdis Antonios , Augoulea Areti , Lambrinoudaki Irene , Christodoulakos George , Tzortziotis Dimitrios , Grammatikakis Ioannis , Kontoravdis Nikolaos , Creatsas George 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  To determine the prevalence of ovarian cancer and endometrial polyps in women with moderate and severe ovarian endometriosis.Methods:  A retrospective analysis of 667 cases of moderate and severe endometriosis laparoscopically and histologically confirmed during the period 1997–2004.Results:  One hundred and ninety‐three (29%) of cases were American Fertility Society (AFS) stage III (moderate endometriosis) and 473 (71%) were AFS stage IV (severe endometriosis). Ovarian cancer was diagnosed in 13 cases (2.0%), while an endometrial or endocervical polyp was identified in 35 cases (5.3%). The incidence of endometrial polyps in the group with moderate endometriosis tended to be higher (15/193, 7.8%) than in the group with severe endometriosis (20/473, 4.2%), and the same results were obtained in the ovarian cancer group (moderate: 6/193, 3.1%; severe: 7/473, 1.5%). However, neither of the two differences was statistically significant.Conclusions:  Ovarian endometriosis may be associated with an increased incidence of both ovarian cancer and endometrial polyps. Careful evaluation for coexistent pathology should be undertaken in women with symptomatic endometriosis.
Routine prophylactic application of Monsel's solution after loop electrosurgical excision procedure of the cervix: Is it necessary?
Authors: Kietpeerakool Chumnan , Srisomboon Jatupol , Suprasert Prapaporn , Cheewakriangkrai Chalong , Charoenkwan Kittipat , Siriaree Sitthicha 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  To determine the benefit of an immediate application of Monsel's solution after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) of the cervix for preventing postoperative bleeding.Methods:  This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Chiang Mai University Hospital, Chang Mai, Thailand. Women who were scheduled for LEEP were approached for participation in the study. The primary endpoint was the duration of uncomplicated vaginal bleeding. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of persistent vaginal bleeding, and postoperative complications including severe early bleeding, severe delayed bleeding and infection.Results:  Between October 2004 and May 2006, 285 women with an abnormal Pap‐smear, who had undergone LEEP, were randomly allocated to the Monsel's group (n = 140) or control group (n = 145). The baseline outcomes were similar between the two groups. In the Monsel's group, the duration of uncomplicated vaginal bleeding was significantly shorter (P < 0.001) and the occurrence of persistent vaginal bleeding was significantly lower (P = 0.014) than in the control group. The occurrence of severe complications that required treatment, including bleeding and infection, was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.379).Conclusion:  An application of Monsel's solution after LEEP appears to reduce the duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding, but does not significantly prevent severe complications. Such practice may not be necessary if adequate hemostasis is achieved using electrical cauterization.
Hysteroscopy after uterine fibroid embolization in women of fertile age
Authors: Mara Michal , Fucikova Zuzana , Kuzel David , Maskova Jana , Dundr Pavel , Zizka Zdenek 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  Uterine artery embolization for fibroids is a controversial issue for women with incomplete reproductive plans. Ovarian failure and uterine infection are the most dreaded complications of this procedure. The purpose of the present study was to assess the types and the frequency of intrauterine abnormalities and the histological features of the endometrium after embolization.Methods:  Uterine artery embolization was performed on 51 women (average age 34.5 years) with intramural fibroid/s larger than 4 cm. Hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy was performed from 3 to 9 months later in the luteal phase of the cycle.Results:  Despite all women having no major symptoms prior to hysteroscopy, only 19 (37%) had completely normal hysteroscopic findings. There was intrauterine protrusion of fibroid/s in 19 cases (37%), yellowish coloration of the endometrium in 14 (28%), intrauterine or cervical adhesions in seven (14%), and communication between the myoma and the uterine cavity in five cases (10%). A normal, functional endometrium was histologically verified in 44 women of 49 (90%) who could be evaluated. Regressive changes (necrosis or hyalinization) of leiomyoma or of indefinite origin were found in 17 patients and embolization particles in five, including one patient with microspheres inside the endometrial vessel. No case of Asherman syndrome or endometrial atrophy was observed.Conclusion:  The frequency of abnormal hysteroscopic findings after embolization is surprisingly high. The clinical significance, reversibility, and impact on fertility of abnormal hysteroscopic findings after embolization remain unclear. Regardless, hysteroscopy should be strongly recommended to all patients after uterine fibroid embolization, prior to conception.
Clinical applications of anxiety, social support, stressors, and self‐esteem measured during pregnancy and postpartum for screening postpartum depression in Thai women
Authors: Liabsuetrakul Tippawan , Vittayanont Arnont , Pitanupong Jarurin 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAim:  To assess the clinical applications of anxiety, social support, stressors and self‐esteem as well as the Postpartum Depression Risk Scale (PDRS), measured during pregnancy and postpartum, for screening postpartum depression.Methods:  A questionnaire regarding anxiety, social support, stressors and self‐esteem was administered to 400 women during 36–40 weeks of gestation and 6–8 weeks postpartum prospectively, using factor analysis. The enrolled women were interviewed 6–8 weeks postpartum by psychiatrists using a diagnostic system of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM‐IV), for diagnosis of postpartum depression. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors for postpartum depression and then developed to be the PDRS and tested for clinical benefit.Results:  Of 400 enrolled women, 40 (10%) were diagnosed with minor or major postpartum depression. After factor analysis, 10 items of anxiety, 10 items of social support, four items of stressors and five items of self‐esteem were identified, with a standardized reliability coefficient of 0.85, 0.82, 0.81 and 0.82 during pregnancy and of 0.84, 0.82, 0.85 and 0.84 during the postpartum period, respectively. During pregnancy, a significant predictor was anxiety about postpartum depression, but postpartum significant predictors were anxiety and social support, which were generated to be PDRS. The clinical benefit of PDRS as a measure was better postpartum than during pregnancy.Conclusions:  Anxiety and social support were identified as the predictors of postpartum depression. The development of the PDRS is clinically beneficial and useful during pregnancy and postpartum for the screening of postpartum depression in Thai women.
Virilization in pregnancy due to a borderline mucinous ovarian tumor
Authors: Pather Selvan , Atkinson Kenneth , Wang Iris , Russell Peter , Kesby Greg , Carter Jonathan 
Published: June 2007

AbstractVirilization in pregnancy due to borderline mucinous ovarian tumors is very rare. A case of a 28‐year‐old patient who was noted at 28 weeks' gestation to have marked virilization with raised serum androgens, ascites and a large complex right adnexal mass is presented. Delivery was carried out by cesarean section and at surgery a large tumor was noted in the right ovary. Histology revealed a borderline mucinous ovarian tumor with stromal luteinization, but there was no evidence of stromal invasion. Serum androgens returned to normal levels following surgery and the maternal virilization had resolved at the 6‐week postnatal visit. Stromal changes in borderline mucinous ovarian tumors may result in virilization due to androgen production; surgical removal is associated with an excellent clinical outcome.
Peptide YY producing strumal carcinoid of the ovary as the cause of severe constipation with contralateral epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Kawano Kouichiro , Ushijima Kimio , Fujimoto Takefumi , Komai Kan , Kamura Toshiharu 
Published: June 2007

AbstractPrimary ovarian carcinoid tumors are rare. It has been reported that constipation was a presenting symptom in some patients with ovarian carcinoid. A case of strumal carcinoid of the ovary with contralateral clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary discovered with a complaint of constipation is described. Constipation was dramatically improved by resectioning the tumor. The tumor cells were positive for peptide YY (PYY) in the carcinoid component, but not in any other components. The present case could provide evidence of the correlation between constipation and PYY that has been reported elsewhere. Interestingly, the constipation caused by PYY also helped in discovering epithelial ovarian cancer.
Non‐puerperal inversion of the uterus caused by leiomyosarcoma: A case report and clinical management
Authors: Buyukkurt Selim , Vardar Mehmet Ali , Zeren Handan , Ozgunen Fatma Tuncay 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUterine inversion is a rare complication of the postpartum period, but it is an even rarer complication of the non‐puerperal period. A 49‐year‐old nulliparous woman was admitted to the hospital with the following complaints: abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain, anuria and a mass protruding from the vulva. The mass was removed by twisting and a laparotomy was required for massive bleeding due to the inversion. The diagnosis of complete inversion was made during the laparotomy. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed and the pathological examination revealed a leiomyosarcoma. Uterine inversion in the non‐puerperal period is an extremely rare event and it should be kept in mind that the cause of the inversion may be a malignant disease, like leiomyosarcoma.
Incremental model for fatigue crack growth based on a displacement partitioning hypothesis of mode I elastic–plastic displacement fields
Authors: POMMIER S. , HAMAM R. 
Published: June 2007

ABSTRACTThe mode I displacement field in the near crack tip region is assumed to be depicted by its partition into an elastic field and a plastic field. Then, each part of the displacement field is also assumed to be the product of a reference field, a function of space coordinates only, and of an intensity factor, function of the loading conditions. This assumption, classical in fracture mechanics, enables one to work at the global scale since fracture criteria can be formulated as a function of the stress intensity factors only. In the present case, the intensity factor of the plastic part of the displacement field measures crack tip plastic flow rate at the global scale. On the basis of these hypotheses, the energy balance equation and the second law of thermodynamics are written at the global scale, i.e. the scale of the K‐dominance area. This enables one to establish a yield criterion and a plastic flow rule for the crack tip region. Then, assuming a relation between plastic flow in the crack tip region and fatigue crack growth allows an incremental model for fatigue crack growth to be built. A few examples are given to show the versatility of the model and its ability to reproduce memory effects associated with crack tip plasticity.
PGD2 DP1 receptor protects brain from ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Saleem Sofiyan , Zhuang Hean , De Brum‐Fernandes Artur J. , Maruyama Takayuki , Narumiya Shuh , Doré Sylvain 
Published: June 2007

AbstractProstaglandin D2 is the most abundant prostaglandin in the brain. It has long been described as a modulator of the neuroinflammatory process, but little is known regarding the role of its Gαs‐coupled receptor, DP1. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the DP1 receptor on the outcome of cerebral ischemia in wildtype (WT) and DP1 knockout (DP1–/–) C57Bl/6 mice was investigated. Ischemia‐reperfusion injury was produced by a 90‐min occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery followed by a 4‐day reperfusion. Infarct size was 49.0 ± 11.0% larger in DP1–/– mice (n = 11; P < 0.01) than in WT mice (n = 9 per group). However, no differences were detected in the relative cerebral blood flow (CBF) or any of the physiological parameters measured (n = 5 per group) or in the large blood vessel anatomy (n = 3 per group). To further address whether the DP1 protective role in the brain could be extended to neurons, mouse primary corticostriatal neuronal cultures were exposed to the DP1‐selective agonist, BW245C, which provided dose‐dependent protection against excitotoxicity induced by glutamate. Protection was significant at a dose as low as 0.05 µm. The results indicate that the DP1 receptor is neuroprotective in both in vivo and in vitro paradigms. Development of drugs to stimulate the DP1 receptor in brain could provide a new therapeutic strategy against cerebral ischemia and potentially other neurological conditions.
Processing acoustic change and novelty in newborn infants
Authors: Kushnerenko Elena , Winkler István , Horváth János , Näätänen Risto , Pavlov Ivan , Fellman Vineta , Huotilainen Minna 
Published: June 2007

AbstractResearch on event‐related potential (ERP) correlates of auditory deviance‐detection in newborns provided inconsistent results; temporal and topographic ERP characteristics differed widely across studies and individual infants. Robust and reliable ERP responses were, however, obtained to sounds (termed ‘novel’ sounds), which cover a wide range of frequencies and widely differ from the context provided by a repeating sound [Kushnerenko et al., (2002) NeuroReport, 13, 1843–1848]. The question we investigated here is whether this effect can be attributed to novelty per se or to acoustic characteristics of the ‘novel’ sounds, such as their wide frequency spectrum and high signal energy compared with the repeated tones. We also asked how sensitivity to these stimulus aspects changes with development. Twelve newborns and 11 adults were tested in four different oddball conditions, each including a ‘standard’ sound presented with the probability of 0.8 and two types of infrequent ‘deviant’ sounds (0.1 probability, each). Deviants were (i) ‘novel’ sounds (diverse environmental noises); (ii) white‐noise segments, or harmonic tones of (iii) a higher pitch, or (iv) higher intensity. In newborns, white‐noise deviants elicited the largest response in all latency ranges, whereas in adults, this phenomenon was not found. Thus, newborns appear to be especially sensitive to sounds having a wide frequency spectrum. On the other hand, the pattern of results found for the late discriminative ERP response indicates that newborns may also be able to detect novelty in acoustic stimulation, although with a longer latency than adults, as shown by the ERP response. Results are discussed in terms of developmental refinement of the initially broadly tuned neonate auditory system.
Sensory learning‐induced enhancement of inhibitory synaptic transmission in the barrel cortex of the mouse
Authors: Tokarski Krzysztof , Urban‐Ciecko Joanna , Kossut Malgorzata , Hess Grzegorz 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn adult mice, repetitive pairing of stimulation of mystacial vibrissae with an electrical shock to the tail induces expansion of the cortical representation of stimulated vibrissae accompanied by elevation of the GABAergic markers. Here, we show that this associative learning paradigm results in a selective increase in the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents in layer IV excitatory neurons located within the barrel representing stimulated vibrissae, evident 24 h after the end of training. The mean amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potentials recorded from excitatory neurons was unchanged. Recordings from layer IV excitatory and fast spiking neurons showed that the training induced changes neither in the mean frequency nor it the mean amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents. On the other hand, the mean amplitude of field potentials evoked by the stimulation of layer VI and recorded in layer IV was significantly reduced. These data indicate that aversive training results in a selective and long‐lasting enhancement of GABAergic transmission within the cortical representation of stimulated vibrissae, which may result in a decrease in layer VI‐evoked field responses.