bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of novel axially chiral NHC–Pd(II) complexes and their application in oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols
Authors: Liu Shi‐Jia , Liu Lian‐jun , Shi Min 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNovel axially chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) Pd(II) complexes were prepared from optically active 1,1′‐binaphthalenyl‐2,2′‐diamine (BINAM) and H8‐BINAM and their crystal structures were unambiguously determined by X‐ray diffraction. These chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) Pd(II) complexes were applied in the oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant or under aerobic conditions, affording the corresponding sec‐alcohols in good yields with moderate to good enantioselectivities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine)‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes: Preparation, characterization, solubility, and effects on blood coagulation
Authors: Zhu Leize , Jin Qiao , Xu Jianping , Ji Jian , Shen Jiacong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWater‐soluble multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were prepared via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) from carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The success of the surface functionalization of MWNTs with poly(2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl phosphorylcholine) (pMPC) was ascertained using fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different from the results of the previous work, in our work, we demonstrate that the amount of pMPC on CNTs can be easily regulated by ATRP approach. In addition, from TGA results, a linear relationship between the weight loss fraction of MWNT‐pMPC and the weight of MPC fed and as high as 48.1% weight loss of MWNT‐pMPC (MWNTs grafted by pMPC) are observed. Through TEM, the core‐shell structure of MWNT‐pMPC is clearly observed, which is also different from the previous report. The pMPC‐modified MWNTs are highly soluble, which can also resist pH and saline concentration changes and remain stable in physiological environment. PMPC‐modified MWNT does not significantly affect the blood coagulation as demonstrated in plasma recalcification time (PRT) test. These highly soluble MWNTs are expected to enable their wide use in biomedical areas. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Electromagnetic and electrical properties of coated cotton fabric with barium ferrite doped polyaniline film
Authors: Akşit Aysun Cireli , Onar Nurhan , Ebeoglugil M. Faruk , Birlik Isil , Celik Erdal , Ozdemir, Ismail 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to produce fabrics with microwave absorbing properties in broad band. For this purpose, the cotton fabrics were coated with polyaniline (PAni) by using chemical oxidative polymerization method. Firstly, the type of protonic acid used, the polymerization time, the type and concentration of dopant, and the number of coating layer were varied as parameters. The effect of these parameters on resistance values of coated fabrics was investigated. We determined the most appropriate process conditions to provide the lowest resistance values. Secondly, the fabric was coated with PAni by adding barium ferrite powder as filler with different ratios. Morphological properties, electrical, and electromagnetic properties of coated fabrics were determined. As a result, we obtained 350 Ω of the minimum resistance values of coated fabric using 1M HCl, 0.5M aniline and 0.5M ammonium persulphate by chemical oxidative polymerization method for totally 4 h of polymerization time. The results of electromagnetic parameters showed that the absorption values of the fabric coated PAni was average 48% in the frequency range of 6–14 GHz. It was concluded that microwave absorber for a textile material can be successfully produced by this process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Sorption and transport properties of the semi‐interpenetrating network based on crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(styrene sulfonic acid‐co‐maleic anhydride) as proton‐conducting membranes
Authors: Huang Y. F. , Hwang B. J. , Lin C. W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis study investigates the sorption and transport properties of hydrocarbon membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) network and poly(styrene sulfonic acid‐co‐maleic acid) (PSSA‐MA). The water and methanol self‐diffusion coefficients through an 80 wt % PSSA‐MA interpenetrating SIPN‐80 membrane measured 3.75 × 10−6 and 5.47 × 10−7 cm2/s, respectively. These results are lower than the corresponding values of Nafion® 115 (8.89 × 10−6 cm2/s for water and 8.63 × 10−6 cm2/s for methanol). The methanol permeability of SIPN‐80 membrane is 4.1 × 10−7 cm2/s, or about one‐fourth that of Nafion® 115. The difference in self‐diffusion behaviors of Nafion® 115 and SIPN‐80 membranes is well correlated with their sorption characteristics. The solvent uptake of Nafion® 115 increased as the methanol concentration increased up to a methanol mole fraction of 0.63, and then decreased. However, the solvent uptake of the SIPN‐80 membranes decreased sluggishly as the methanol concentration increased. The λ values of water and methanol (i.e., λ and λ) in Nafion® 115 are quite close, indicating no sorption preference between water and methanol. In contrast, the λ value is only one‐third λ for a SIPN‐80 membrane. Accordingly, the SIPN membranes are regarded as candidates for direct methanol fuel cell applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Preparation and properties of bio‐based epoxy montomorillonite nanocomposites derived from polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether and ε‐polylysine
Authors: Takada Yoshiro , Shinbo Kiyomi , Someya Yoshihiro , Shibata Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGlycerol polyglycidyl ether (GPE) and polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether (PGPE) were cured with ε‐poly(L‐lysine) (PL) using epoxy/amine ratios of 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 to create bio‐based epoxy cross‐linked resins. When PGPE was used as an epoxy resin and the epoxy/amine ratio was 1 : 1, the cured neat resin showed the greatest glass transition temperature (Tg), as measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Next, the mixture of PGPE, PL, and montomorillonite (MMT) at an epoxy/amine ratio of 1 : 1 in water was dried and cured finally at 110°C to create PGPE‐PL/MMT composites. The X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy measurements revealed that the composites with MMT content 7–15 wt % were exfoliated nanocomposites and the composite with MMT content 20 wt % was an intercalated nanocomposite. The Tg and storage modulus at 50–100°C for the PGPE‐PL/MMT composites measured by DMA increased with increasing MMT content until 15 wt % and decreased at 20 wt %. The tensile strength and modulus of the PGPE‐PL/MMT composites (MMT content 15 wt %: 42 and 5300 MPa) were much greater than those of the cured PGPE‐PL resin (4 and 6 MPa). Aerobic biodegradability of the PGPE‐PL in an aqueous medium was ∼ 4% after 90 days, and the PGPE‐PL/MMT nanocomposites with MMT content 7–15 wt % showed lower biodegradability. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Toughening of poly(L‐lactide) by melt blending with rubbers
Authors: Ishida Sachiko , Nagasaki Reiko , Chino Keisuke , Dong Tungalag , Inoue Yoshio 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPoly(L‐lactide) (PLA) was melt‐blended with four rubber components—ethylene–propylene copolymer, ethylene–acrylic rubber, acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR), and isoprene rubber (IR)—in an effort to toughen PLA. All the blend samples exhibited distinct phase separation. Amorphous PLA constituted a topologically continuous matrix in which the rubber particles were dispersed. According to Izod impact testing, toughening was achieved only when PLA was blended with NBR, which showed the smallest particle size in its blend samples. In agreement with the morphological analysis, the value of the interfacial tension between the PLA phase and the NBR phase was the lowest, and this suggested that rubber with a high polarity was more suitable for toughening PLA. Under the tensile stress conditions for NBR and IR blend samples, these rubbers displayed no crosslinking and showed a high ability to induce plastic deformation before the break as well as high elongation properties; this suggested that the intrinsic mobility of the rubber was important for the dissipation of the breaking energy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Exploring the interactions of gliadins with model membranes: Effect of confined geometry and interfaces
Authors: Banc Amélie , Desbat Bernard , Renard Denis , Popineau Yves , Mangavel Cécile , Navailles Laurence 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMechanisms leading to the assembly of wheat storage proteins into proteins bodies within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of endosperm cells are unresolved today. In this work, physical chemistry parameters which could be involved in these processes were explored. To model the confined environment of proteins within the ER, the dynamic behavior of γ‐gliadins inserted inside lyotropic lamellar phases was studied using FRAP experiments. The evolution of the diffusion coefficient as a function of the lamellar periodicity enabled to propose the hypothesis of an interaction between γ‐gliadins and membranes. This interaction was further studied with the help of phospholipid Langmuir monolayers. γ‐ and ω‐gliadins were injected under DMPC and DMPG monolayers and the two‐dimensional (2D) systems were studied by Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), polarization modulation infrared reflection‐absorption spectroscopy (PM‐IRRAS), and surface tension measurements. Results showed that both gliadins adsorbed under phospholipid monolayers, considered as biological membrane models, and formed micrometer‐sized domains at equilibrium. However, their thicknesses, probed by reflectance measurements, were different: ω‐gliadins aggregates displayed a constant thickness, consistent with a monolayer, while the thickness of γ‐gliadins aggregates increased with the quantity of protein injected. These different behaviors could find some explanations in the difference of aminoacid sequence distribution: an alternate repeated ‐ unrepeated domain within γ‐gliadin sequence, while one unique repeated domain was present within ω‐gliadin sequence. All these findings enabled to propose a model of gliadins self‐assembly via a membrane interface and to highlight the predominant role of wheat prolamin repeated domain in the membrane interaction. In the biological context, these results would mean that the repeated domain could be considered as an anchor for the interaction with the ER membrane and a nucleus point for the formation and growth of protein bodies within endosperm cells. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 610–622, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Individual‐based and stochastic modeling of cell population dynamics considering substrate dependency
Authors: Lee Min Woo , Vassiliadis Vassilios S. , Park Jong Moon 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this article, we propose an individual‐based and stochastic modeling approach that is capable of describing the bacterial cell population dynamics during a batch culture. All stochastic nature inherent in intracellular molecular level reactions and cell division processes were considered in a single model framework by embedding a sub‐model describing individual cell's growth kinetics in a discrete event simulation algorithm. The resultant unique feature of the model is that the effects of the stochasticities on the cell population dynamics can be investigated for different substrate‐dependent cell growth kinetics. When Monod kinetics was used as the sub‐model, the stochasticities only slightly affected the cell mass increase and substrate consumption profiles during the batch culture although they were still important in describing the changes of cell population distributions. When Andrews substrate inhibition kinetics was used, however, it was revealed that the overall cell population dynamics could be seriously influenced by the stochasticities. Under a critical initial substrate level, the cell population could proliferate against the substrate inhibition only when the stochasticities were considered. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 891–899. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of a method for the determination of vardenafil in human plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection
Authors: Carlucci Giuseppe , Palumbo Paola , Iuliani Piera , Palumbo Giancarlo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA simple high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with photometric detection is described for the determination of vardenafil hydrochloride, a phosphodiesterase V inhibitor, in human plasma. Chromatographic separation of the analyte and internal standard was achieved on an analytical 250 × 4.6 mm i.d. reversed‐phase Kromasil KR 100 C18 (5 µm particle size) column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile–potassium dihydrogen phosphate (30:70 v/v). The run time was less than 15 min. Column eluate was monitored at 230 nm. The linearity over the concentration range of 10–1500 ng/mL for vardenafil was obtained and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 10 ng/mL. The method has been applied to analysis of the vardenafil concentrations for application in pharmacokinetic studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversed‐phase liquid chromatography method for the determination of total plasma thiols after derivatization with 1‐benzyl‐2‐chloropyridinium bromide
Authors: Kuśmierek Krzysztof , Bald Edward 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for simultaneous detection and quantitation of total cysteine, glutathione, homocysteine and cysteinylglycine in human plasma. The two key steps in the analysis are reduction of disulfides and treatment with 1‐benzyl‐2‐chloropyridinium bromide, which rapidly and quantitatively reacts with thiol groups to form stable S‐pyridinium derivatives with intense UV absorption. The derivatives are well separated on a Zorbax SB C18 column using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography and monitored at 315 nm. The calibration graphs were linear over concentration ranges covering most experimental and clinical cases with a regression coefficients better than 0.999. The detection and quantitation limits for all analytes were 0.2 and 0.5 µmol/L, respectively. The recoveries were 99.25–101.68%. The intra‐ and interassay imprecisions were 0.88–4.24 and 1.68–5.14%, respectively. The method was applied for plasma samples donated by apparently healthy volunteers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computer technology for enhancing teaching and learning modules of engineering mechanics
Authors: Deliktas Babur 
Published: March 2009

AbstractImproving the quality of learning and teaching has always been in the interest of instructors in all fields of study. There have been tremendous efforts to this end. In this article, learning and teaching modules enhanced with computer technology are introduced. This approach is based on concept questioning and scenario building aided with interactive animation, simulation, and rich graphical content. Modules for the engineering mechanics course covering fundamental topics in Statics, Strength of Materials, and Dynamics are prepared by using the proposed approach. Some examples of the prepared modules are presented. Design of the course module and its evaluation from student's perspective are discussed. Based on evaluations using questionnaires by the students it can be inferred that this approach to teaching and learning helps students to increase their capacity to understand and instructors to convey their ideas more conveniently. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 421–432, 2011
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Formation of Stereocontrolled Trisubstituted Alkenes from Baylis–Hillman Adducts
Authors: Gendrineau Thomas , Demoulin Nicolas , Navarre Laure , Genet Jean‐Pierre , Darses Sylvain 
Published: March 2009

AbstractEfficient and general conditions for the formation of stereodefined trisubstituted alkenes by using the rhodium‐catalyzed reaction of unactivated Baylis–Hillman adducts with either organoboronic acids or potassium trifluoro(organo)borates are reported (see scheme).magnified imageWe report here efficient and general conditions for the formation of stereodefined trisubstituted alkenes using the rhodium‐catalyzed reaction of unactivated Baylis–Hillman adducts with either organoboronic acids and potassium trifluoro(organo)borates. The use of the [{Rh(cod)OH}2] precursor gave very fast coupling reactions under low catalyst loading, very mild reaction conditions (from room temperature up to 50 °C) and without the need of additional phosphane ligands. Based on the new reaction conditions, the reaction, originally limited to Baylis–Hillman adducts derived from esters, could be extended to a large variety of Baylis–Hillman adducts, bearing either keto, cyano or amido functionalities. Moreover, the reaction of Baylis–Hillman adducts bearing esters functionality was improved and could be conducted at lower temperature using lower catalyst loading.
Use of Emergency Medical Services in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in China
Authors: Zhang Shouyan , Hu Dayi , Wang Xian , Yang Jingang 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundAlthough guidelines strongly recommend use of the Emergency Medical Systems (EMS) by patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), it remains underutilized in western countries. Information about its current use in China is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the use of the EMS by patients with AMI in China, and investigate factors affecting its use.MethodsA prospective survey study, which included 803 patients with AMI who were admitted to 21 hospitals in China between November 1, 2005 and December 31, 2006.ResultsOnly 39.5% of patients called up the EMS at the onset of symptoms (EMS group, n = 317), whereas the rest presented to the hospital by some other means (self‐transport group, n = 486, 60.5%). Predictors of EMS users were older age, symptom onset at evening, unbearable symptoms, having received training and acquired knowledge on heart attack, as well as having a higher income and medical history of heart failure or stroke. Prehospital delay (median 110 min vs. 143 min, p < 0.001), door to needle time (median 85 min vs. 93 min, p < 0.005) and door‐to‐balloon time (median 118 min vs. 160 min, p < 0.001) were significantly shorter in the EMS group. The early reperfusion rate was also significantly higher in the EMS group (84.8% vs. 78.2%, p = 0.019), mainly because of a greater incidence of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (68.1% vs. 61.7%, p = 0.046).ConclusionsThe emergency medical services are underutilized by patients with AMI in China. Use of the EMS may be advantageous in view of greater administration of reperfusion therapy. New public health strategies should be developed to facilitate greater use of the EMS for AMI. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and translocation (1;19) abnormality have a favorable outcome with hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone alternating with methotrexate and high‐dose cytarabine chemotherapy
Authors: Garg Ravin , Kantarjian Hagop , Thomas Deborah , Faderl Stefan , Ravandi Farhad , Lovshe Denise , Pierce Sherry , O'Brien Susan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Among the well described cytogenetic abnormalities in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a translocation involving chromosomes 1 and 19 (t[1;19] [q23;p13]) occurs in a small subset but has been associated variously with an intermediate prognosis or a bad prognosis in different studies.METHODS:Adults with ALL and t(1;19) who were treated at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center were reviewed. Their clinical features and outcomes were compared with those of patients who had other cytogenetic abnormalities. The study endpoints included the complete remission (CR) rate, the complete response duration (CRD), and overall survival (OS).RESULTS:Of 411 adults with pre‐B‐cell ALL, 12 patients had t(1;19). Ten of 12 patients with t(1;19) received hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and dexamethasone alternating with methotrexate and high‐dose cytarabine (hyper‐CVAD) chemotherapy; and the other 2 patients received combined vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone (VAD). All 12 patients achieved CR, and the 3‐year survival rate was 73%. Patients with t(1;19) had significantly better CRD and OS compared with all other patients combined and compared individually with patients who had Philadelphia chromosome‐positive, t(4;11), and lymphoma‐like abnormalities (deletion 6q, addition q14q, t[11;14], and t[14;18]).CONCLUSIONS:Adults with ALL and t(1;19) had an excellent prognosis when the received the hyper‐CVAD regimen. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Mapping cancer mortality‐to‐incidence ratios to illustrate racial and sex disparities in a high‐risk population
Authors: Hébert James R. , Daguise Virginie G. , Hurley Deborah M. , Wilkerson Rebecca C. , Mosley Catishia M. , Adams Swann A. , Puett Robin , Burch James B. , Steck Susan E. , Bolick‐Aldrich Susan W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Comparisons of incidence and mortality rates are the metrics used most commonly to define cancer‐related racial disparities. In the US, and particularly in South Carolina, these largely disfavor African Americans (AAs). Computed from readily available data sources, the mortality‐to‐incidence rate ratio (MIR) provides a population‐based indicator of survival.METHODS:South Carolina Central Cancer Registry incidence data and Vital Registry death data were used to construct MIRs. ArcGIS 9.2 mapping software was used to map cancer MIRs by sex and race for 8 Health Regions within South Carolina for all cancers combined and for breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, oral, and prostate cancers.RESULTS:Racial differences in cancer MIRs were observed for both sexes for all cancers combined and for most individual sites. The largest racial differences were observed for female breast, prostate, and oral cancers, and AAs had MIRs nearly twice those of European Americans (EAs).CONCLUSIONS:Comparing and mapping race‐ and sex‐specific cancer MIRs provides a powerful way to observe the scope of the cancer problem. By using these methods, in the current study, AAs had much higher cancer MIRs compared with EAs for most cancer sites in nearly all regions of South Carolina. Future work must be directed at explaining and addressing the underlying differences in cancer outcomes by region and race. MIR mapping allows for pinpointing areas where future research has the greatest likelihood of identifying the causes of large, persistent, cancer‐related disparities. Other regions with access to high‐quality data may find it useful to compare MIRs and conduct MIR mapping. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.