bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tantalum Particles Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization and Regulate Local Bone Metabolism via Macrophage‐Derived Exosomes Influencing the Fates of BMSCs
Authors: Yang Junjun , Gong Xiaoyuan , Li Tao , Xia Zengzilu , He Rui , Song Xiongbo , Wang Xin , Wu Jiangyi , Chen Jiajia , Wang Fangzheng , Xiong Ran , Lin Yangjing , Chen Guangxing , Yang Liu , Cai Kaiyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, the regulatory role and mechanisms of tantalum (Ta) particles in the bone tissue microenvironment are explored. Ta particle deposition occurs in both clinical samples and animal tissues following porous Ta implantation. Unlike titanium (Ti) particles promoting M1 macrophage (Mϕ) polarization, Ta particles regulating calcium signaling pathways and promoting M2 Mϕ polarization. Ta‐induced M2 Mϕ enhances bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation through exosomes (Exo) by upregulating miR‐378a‐3p/miR‐221‐5p and downregulating miR‐155‐5p/miR‐212‐5p. Ta particles suppress the pro‐inflammatory and bone resorption effects of Ti particles in vivo and in vitro. In a rat femoral condyle bone defect model, artificial bone loaded with Ta particles promotes endogenous Mϕ polarization toward M2 differentiation at the defect site, accelerating bone repair. In conclusion, Ta particles modulate Mϕ polarization toward M2 and influence BMSCs osteogenic capacity through Exo secreted by M2 Mϕ, providing insights for potential bone repair applications.
An Electro‐Optical Kerr Device Based on 2D Boron Nitride Liquid Crystals for Solar‐Blind Communications
Authors: Xu Youan , Huang Ziyang , Zhang Zehao , Ding Baofu , Li Peixuan , Liu Jiarong , Hao Yugan , Dai Lixin , Zhang Hao , Zhu Caizhen , Cai Wei , Liu Bilu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAchieving light modulation in the spectral range of 200–280 nm is a prerequisite for solar‐blind ultraviolet communication, where current technologies are mainly based on the electro‐luminescent self‐modulation of the ultraviolet source. External light modulation through the electro‐birefringence control of liquid crystal (LC) devices has shown success in the visible‐to‐infrared regions. However, the poor stability of conventional LCs against ultraviolet irradiation and their weak electro‐optical response make it challenging to modulate ultraviolet light. Here, an external ultraviolet light modulator is demonstrated using two‐dimensional boron nitride LC. It exhibits robust ultraviolet stability and a record‐high specific electro‐optical Kerr coefficient of 5.1 × 10⁻2 m V−2, being three orders of magnitude higher than those of other known electro‐optical media that are transparent (or potentially transparent) in the ultraviolent spectral range. The sensitive response enables fabricating transmissive and stable ultraviolet‐C electro‐optical Kerr modulators for solar‐blind ultraviolet light. An M‐ary coding array with high transmission density is also demonstrated for solar‐blind ultraviolet communication.
Materials in Radiative Cooling Technologies
Authors: Liu Rong , Wang Shancheng , Zhou Zhengui , Zhang Keyi , Wang Guanya , Chen Changyuan , Long Yi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRadiative cooling (RC) is a carbon‐neutral cooling technology that utilizes thermal radiation to dissipate heat from the Earth's surface to the cold outer space. Research in the field of RC has garnered increasing interest from both academia and industry due to its potential to drive sustainable economic and environmental benefits to human society by reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from conventional cooling systems. Materials innovation is the key to fully exploit the potential of RC. This review aims to elucidate the materials development with a focus on the design strategy including their intrinsic properties, structural formations, and performance improvement. The main types of RC materials, i.e., static‐homogeneous, static‐composite, dynamic, and multifunctional materials, are systematically overviewed. Future trends, possible challenges, and potential solutions are presented with perspectives in the concluding part, aiming to provide a roadmap for the future development of advanced RC materials.
Single‐ and Double‐Layer Embedded Metal Meshes for Flexible, Highly Transparent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Zarei Mehdi , Li Mingxuan , Papazekos Ekaterini , Su Yang‐Duan , Sinha Sneh , Walker S. Brett , LeMieux Melbs , Ohodnicki Paul R. , Leu Paul W 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSimulation and experimental studies are carried out on single‐layer and double‐layer embedded metal meshes (SLEMM and DLEMM) to assess their performance as transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The structures consist of silver meshes embedded in polyethylene terephthalate (PET). As a transparent electrode, SLEMMs exhibit a transparency of 82.7% and a sheet resistance of 0.61 Ωsq−1 as well as 91.0% and 1.49 Ωsq−1. This performance corresponds to figures of merit of 3101 and 2620, respectively. The SLEMMs achieve 48.0 dB EMI shielding efficiency (SE) in the frequency range of 8–18 GHz (X‐ and Ku‐bands) with 91% visible transmission and 56.2 dB EMI SE with 82.7% visible transmission. Samples exhibit stable performance after 1000 bending cycles with a radius of curvature of 4 mm and 60 tape test cycles. DLEMMs consist of fabricating SLEMM on opposite sides of the substrate where the distance can be varied using a spacer. Simulations are performed to investigate how varying spacer distance between two layers of metal meshes influences the EMI SE. DLEMMs are fabricated and achieved an EMI SE of 77.7 dB with 81.7% visible transmission. SLEMMs and DLEMMs may have a wide variety of applications in aerospace, medical, and military applications.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionally Rich Spirooctahydroquinoline Oxindoles via Enynamide Cycloisomerisation/[4+2]‐Addition Sequence
Authors: Prasad Madavi S. , Kumar Jha Aman , Bharani Sankar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCreating an expedient method for synthesizing biologically significant functionally rich octahydroquinoline is a highly sought‐after yet challenging endeavour. In this report, we document an unprecedented approach to the construction of novel spirooctahydroquinoline oxindole architectures. The reaction proceeds through Pd (II) catalyzed cycloisomerisation and quinine catalyzed [4+2]‐addition sequence to afford the desired adduct in moderate to excellent yield (up to 89%) in a single diastereomer with three contiguous stereocenters including one spirocenter. An overwhelming number of libraries were generated (35 examples) reflecting the synthetic versatility and functional groups/substituents tolerance. Further, the adduct is transformed into medicinally important fluoro‐decahydroepoxyethanoquinoline spirooxindole scaffold with five contiguous stereocenters in excellent yield and selectivity (95% yield and >99:1 dr) through a three steps sequence which signifies the synthetic utility of the developed methodology.
Constructing Amorphous‐Crystalline Interfacial Bifunctional Site Island‐Sea Synergy by Morphology Engineering Boosts Alkaline Seawater Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Sun Pengliang , Zheng Xiong , Chen Anran , Zheng Guanghong , Wu Yang , Long Min , Zhang Qingran , Chen Yinguang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient and durable non‐precious hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts for scaling up alkaline water/seawater electrolysis is highly desirable but challenging. Amorphous‐crystalline (A‐C) heterostructures have garnered attention due to their unusual atomic arrangements at hetero‐interfaces, highly exposed active sites, and excellent stability. Here, a heterogeneous synthesis strategy for constructing A‐C non‐homogeneous interfacial centers of electrocatalysts on nanocages is presented. Isolated PdCo clusters on nanoscale islands in conjunction with Co3S4 A‐C, functioning as a bifunctional site “island‐sea” synergy, enable the dynamic confinement design of metal active atoms, resulting in excellent HER catalytic activity and durability. The hierarchical structure of hollow porous nanocages and nanoclusters, along with their large surface area and multi‐dimensional A‐C boundaries and defects, provides the catalyst with abundant active centers. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the combination of PdCo and Co3S4 regulates the redistribution of interface electrons effectively, promoting the sluggish water‐dissociation kinetics at the cluster Co sites. Additionally, PdCo‐Co3S4 heterostructure nanocages exhibit outstanding HER activity in alkaline seawater and long‐term stability for 100 h, which can be powered by commercial silicon solar cells. This finding significantly advances the development of alkaline seawater electrolysis for large‐scale hydrogen production.
Human Body Electrode Enabled Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Powered Wireless Human Motion and Environment Monitoring
Authors: Xia Lianbin , Zhou Hao , Chen Jinkai , Liu Fuhai , Chang Shiyuan , Huang Yuhuai , Jiang Jingyang , Dong Kang , Wu Yun , Zhang Chenhao , Xuan Weipeng , Dong Shurong , Luo Jikui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising technology, which can convert biokinetic energy into electricity and be utilized as self‐powered sensors and power sources for wearable electronics. The existing designs of conventional TENGs require complex fabrication processes and device structures, and they need to be attached on human body for wearable application, which is uncomfortable and may lead to malfunction under intense body moment. Here, a direct current TENG is proposed by utilizing natural human body, basketball, shoes, and ground floor. A unidirectional peak voltage and current output up to 700 V and 23 µA can be generated when a player plays a basketball, which can lighten up an array of 240 LEDs, and charge a 100 µF capacitor to 3.2 V in 1 min. The output of TENG is utilized to identify different movements of a basketball player using machine learning algorithm with an accuracy up to 96.7%. Moreover, the human body enabled direct current TENG (HBDC‐TENG) is used as a self‐powered sensor and an energy harvester for a wireless sensing system, which can collect human motion and environmental information, and transmit them wirelessly. The HBDC‐TENG has a great significance for self‐powered wearable electronics, providing a viable solution for human motion status and ambient environment monitoring.
The Topological Hall Effect in CoGd Films Controlled by Hydrogen Migration under Gate Voltage
Authors: Ren Xue , Liu Liang , Cui Bin , Cheng Bin , Zhao Xiangxiang , An Taiyu , Chu Ruiyue , Zhang Mingfang , Liu Weikang , Zhou Guangjun , Kuai Weijie , Hu Jifan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe topological Hall effect (THE) presents hump signals in the Hall resistance versus magnetic field hysteresis loop, showing promise for future spintronics due to its robust chiral magnetic textures. Here, it is shown that solid‐state protonic gating can control possible topological magnetic structures in CoGd thin films. Injecting H+ leads to sizable hump signals in the film. Magneto‐optical Kerr microscopy shows that induced hump signals in transporting measurements do not scale with magnetization, supporting topological magnetism. Successive hydrogen ion extraction completely erases the effect. Thus, topological magnetism manipulations are reversible, nonvolatile, and effective. Ab inito calculations and effective chiral spin models demonstrate that hydrogen injection remarkably enhances the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction over fourfold, stabilizing chiral structures contributing to the large THE. These findings reveal the vital role of hydrogen ions in topological magnetism and suggest that amorphous ferrimagnetic CoGd thin films are outstanding platforms for realizing controllable topological spintronics at room temperature.
Is multidisciplinary treatment effective for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma?
Authors: Hirono Seiko , Higuchi Ryota , Honda Goro , Nara Satoshi , Esaki Minoru , Gotohda Naoto , Takami Hideki , Unno Michiaki , Sugiura Teiichi , Ohtsuka Masayuki , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Matsumoto Ippei , Kin Toshifumi , Isayama Hiroyuki , Hashimoto Daisuke , Seyama Yasuji , Nagano Hiroaki , Hakamada Kenichi , Hirano Satoshi , Nagakawa Yuichi , Mizuno Shugo , Takahashi Hidenori , Shibuya Kazuto , Sasanuma Hideki , Aoki Taku , Kohara Yuichiro , Rikiyama Toshiki , Nakamura Masafumi , Endo Itaru , Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Horiguchi Akihiko , Hatori Takashi , Akita Hirofumi , Ueki Toshiharu , Idichi Tetsuya , Hanada Keiji , Suzuki Shuji , Okano Keiichi , Maehira Hiromitsu , Motoi Fuyuhiko , Fujino Yasuhiro , Tanno Satoshi , Yanagisawa Akio , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Okazaki Kazuichi , Satoi Sohei , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgical resection is standard treatment for invasive intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC); however, impact of multidisciplinary treatment on survival including postoperative adjuvant therapy (AT), neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), and treatment for recurrent lesions is unclear. We investigated the effectiveness of multidisciplinary treatment in prolonging survival of patients with invasive IPMC.MethodsThis retrospective multi‐institutional study included 1183 patients with invasive IPMC undergoing surgery at 40 academic institutions. We analyzed the effects of AT, NAT, and treatment for recurrence on survival of patients with invasive IPMC.ResultsCompletion of the planned postoperative AT for 6 months improved the overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival (DSS), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) of patients with stage IIB and stage III resected invasive IPMC, elevated preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19–9 level, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, serosal invasion, and lymph node metastasis on un‐matched and matched analyses. Of the patients with borderline resectable (BR) invasive IPMC, the OS (p = 0.001), DSS (p = 0.001), and RFS (p = 0.001) of patients undergoing NAT was longer than that of those without on the matched analysis. Of the 484 invasive IPMC patients (40.9%) who developed recurrence after surgery, the OS of 365 patients who received any treatment for recurrence was longer than that of those without treatment (40.6 vs. 22.4 months, p < 0.001).ConclusionPostoperative AT might benefit selected patients with invasive IPMC, especially those at high risk of poor survival. NAT might improve the survivability of BR invasive IPMC. Any treatment for recurrence after surgery for invasive IPMC might improve survival.
Physics‐informed learning of chemical reactor systems using decoupling–coupling training framework
Authors: Wu Zhiyong , Li Mingjian , He Chang , Zhang Bingjian , Ren Jingzheng , Yu Haoshui , Chen Qinglin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt is known that physics‐informed learning become a new learning philosophy that has been applied in many scientific domains. However, this approach often struggles to achieve optimal performance in addressing the issue of multiphysics coupling. Here, for the first time, we extend this approach to modeling chemical reactor systems. We design a new decoupling–coupling training framework, which consists of decoupling pre‐training and multiphysics coupling training steps. With decoupling pre‐training, the complex physical domain is decomposed into subdomains of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer combined with reaction kinetics. Each subdomain is represented by a specialized neural network that can provide a coarse but reasonable distribution of network parameters for initializing the sub‐networks for the subsequent multiphysics coupling training. The capabilities of this approach, in comparison with the traditional CFD simulation, are demonstrated through an example of a plate reactor system with a heating cylinder.
Experimental study on the differences between bubble and drop breakages in agitated turbulent flows
Authors: Zhang Ling , Huang Zaifen , Fu Yuyu , Song Runci , Yi Zhengming , Zhou Yefeng , Han Luchang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe available experimental data focusing on the differences between bubble and drop breakages are still scarce in the literature. This work conducts the experiments of single bubble and single drop breakages in agitated turbulent flows. The effects of fluid particle size and agitation speed on daughter fragment number, breakage time, breakage probability, breakage frequency, and daughter size distribution (DSD) are analyzed. The breakage frequencies of bubble and drop show the monotonic and non‐monotonic variation trends with increasing fluid particle size, respectively. The variations of bubble and drop DSDs exhibit opposite trends, the probability of equal‐sized breakage of bubble increases while that of drop decreases when agitation speed or fluid particle size increases. These different trends cannot be predicted by most of the existing models simultaneously. The processes of elongation and internal flow redistribution during deformation may be the important factors causing these differences.
Mentorship for young gay men in Hong Kong: A pilot mixed‐methods randomized controlled trial
Authors: Huang Yu‐Te , Chong Eddie S. K. , Lau Chi‐Chung , Chow Leo Z. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined whether mentorship could promote young gay men's identities and well‐being, and whether a mentor's sexual orientation matters. A randomized control trial compared outcomes across three conditions: Arm A (a mentee matched with a sexual minority mentor), Arm B (a mentee matched with a heterosexual mentor), and a control arm receiving psychoeducation only. A community sample of 60 mentees aged 18–25 years was randomly allocated to the three arms and completed questionnaires at baseline, 3 months into the intervention, and at the end of the 6‐month program. Fifteen mentees recounted their mentoring experiences through in‐depth interviews. Linear mixed effects models showed that for both intervention and control conditions, internalized homonegativity declined while resilience, loneliness, and body acceptance improved over time. No time and group interactions were found. Meanwhile, a mentor's sexual orientation did not drive differential quality and outcomes of mentorship. Interviewees cited various benefits of mentorship, including providing companionship, enriching connection with lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) communities, and adding knowledge and perspectives of LGB lives and identities. Although quantitative data did not support any exclusive benefits of mentorship, most mentees recognized mentorship as a vital source of affirmation and companionship. Implications for research and mentoring programs are discussed.
Deriving life‐course residential histories in brain bank cohorts: A feasibility study
Authors: Melcher Eleanna M. , Vilen Leigha , Pfaff Aly , Lim Sarah , DeWitt Amanda , Powell W. Ryan , Bendlin Barbara B. , Kind Amy J. H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe exposome is theorized to interact with biological mechanisms to influence risk for Alzheimer's disease but is not well‐integrated into existing Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) brain bank data collection.METHODSWe apply public data tracing, an iterative, dual abstraction and validation process rooted in rigorous historic archival methods, to develop life‐course residential histories for 1254 ADRC decedents.RESULTSThe median percentage of the life course with an address is 78.1% (IQR 24.9); 56.5% of the sample has an address for at least 75% of their life course. Archivists had 89.7% agreement at the address level. This method matched current residential survey methodology 97.4% on average.DISCUSSIONThis novel method demonstrates feasibility, reproducibility, and rigor for historic data collection. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that public data tracing methods for brain bank decedent residential history development can be used to better integrate the social exposome with biobank specimens.Highlights
Public data tracing compares favorably to survey‐based residential history.
Public data tracing is feasible and reproducible between archivists.
Archivists achieved 89.7% agreement at the address level.
This method identifies residences for nearly 80% of life‐years, on average.
This novel method enables brain banks to add social characterizations.
Elective surgery for liver injury and misinserted tube into the inferior vena cava associated with chest tube replacement: A case report
Authors: Homma Hiroshi , Uchibori Kenichiro , Kobori Fumimasa , Kawai Kentaro , Azuma Kazunari , Suzuki Shoji , Uchida Kotaro , Oda Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSeveral reports on organ injury and death due to incorrect chest tube insertion exist; however, reports on the chest tube penetrating the liver and reaching the inferior vena cava are limited.Case PresentationA 79‐year‐old man presented with a clamped tube because of massive bleeding from the tube following right chest tube replacement in the hospital of origin. The tube entered the inferior vena cava from the hepatic parenchyma via the right hepatic vein and was removed 15 h later because his hemodynamics stabilized. A ruptured pseudoaneurysm necessitated further transcatheter arterial embolism on the second hospitalization day, and the patient was transferred back to the referring hospital on day 17.ConclusionLiver injury caused by an inferior vena cava misinsertion‐associated chest tube can be treated with elective surgery in anticipation of the tube's tamponade effect. However, due to the risk of rebleeding, imaging follow‐up is necessary soon after surgery.
Das Zöliakie‐Superantigen Oligomerisiert und Erhöht die Permeabilität in einem Enterozyten‐Zellmodell
Authors: Herrera Maria G. , Amundarain Maria J. , Dörfler Philipp W. , Dodero Veronica I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractZöliakie (CeD) ist eine Autoimmunerkrankung, die durch Glutenproteine ausgelöst wird und von der etwa 1 % der Weltbevölkerung betroffen ist. Das 33‐mer deamidierte Gliadinpeptid (DGP) ist ein metabolisch modifiziertes Weizengluten‐Superantigen für CeD. Hier zeigen wir, dass das 33‐mer DGP spontan zu Oligomeren mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 24 nm aggregiert. Die 33‐mer‐DGP‐Oligomere weisen zwei sekundäre Hauptstrukturmotive auf: Eine große Polyprolin‐II‐Helix und eine kleine β‐Faltblattstruktur. Wichtig ist, dass in Anwesenheit von 33‐mer‐DGP‐Oligomeren eine statistisch signifikante Erhöhung der Permeabilität im Caco‐2 Darmepithelzellmodell auftritt, begleitet von einer Umverteilung von Zonula occludens‐1, einem Haupt‐Tight‐Junction‐Protein. Diese Ergebnisse bieten neue molekulare und supramolekulare Einblicke in die Auswirkungen von 33‐mer DGP bei CeD und unterstreichen die Bedeutung der Gliadin‐Peptid‐Oligomerisierung.
Radikalisierung von CO durch einkerniges Palladium(I)
Authors: Bruckhoff Tim , Ballmann Joachim , Gade Lutz H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEin einkerniges, T‐förmiges Palladium(I)‐d9‐ Metalloradikal (3), stabilisiert durch einen sterisch anspruchsvollen PNP‐Liganden mit Carbazolgerüst, wurde durch die Reduktion des Chloridokomplexes oder thermische Pd−C‐Bindungshomolyse des entsprechenden Neopentylkomplexes erhalten. Unter CO‐Druck bildete sich der Pd(I)‐Carbonylkomplex, der durch Röntgenbeugung strukturell charakterisiert wurde. Die Delokalisierung des ungepaarten Elektrons zum Carbonylkohlenstoff hin wurde durch EPR‐Spektroskopie nachgewiesen und durch DFT‐ und ab initio Methoden theoretisch modelliert. Das teilweise reduzierte und radikalisierte CO reagierte langsam mit Di(tert‐butyl)disulfid unter homolytischer S−S‐Spaltung und C−S‐Bindungsbildung zu dem entsprechenden Metallothioester.