bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flare phenomenon visualized by 99mTc-bone scintigraphy has prognostic value for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Zhang Xue , Nakajima Kenichi , Mizokami Atsushi , Horikoshi Hiroyuki , Nishimoto Koshiro , Hashine Katsuyoshi , Matsuyama Hideyasu , Takahashi Satoru , Wakabayashi Hiroshi , Kinuya Seigo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the flare phenomenon in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using the bone scan index (BSI) derived from 99mTc-methylenediphosphonate (MDP) bone scintigraphy images.

Methods
We categorized 72 patients from the PROSTAT-BSI registry with mCRPC who were followed-up for 2 years after starting docetaxel chemotherapy to groups based on pre-chemotherapy BSI values of < 1, 1–4, and > 4. We assessed the effects of the flare phenomenon (defined as a > 10% increase in the BSI within 3 months of starting chemotherapy, followed by > 10% improvement within the next 3 months) on survival using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard analyses.

Results
The flare phenomenon was found in 26 (36%) of the 72 patients. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels steadily increased, then deteriorated in patients with and without flare, respectively. Elevated BSI and PSA values at 3 months after starting therapy and the absence of abiraterone or/and enzalutamide therapy led to poor 2-year overall survival (OS) in the group without flare. In contrast, no influence was noticeable in the group with flare. The results of multivariable analyses that included only factors associated with PSA and BSI showed that increased baseline BSI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.86; P = 0.023) and PSA (HR, 7.15; 95% CI 2.13–24.04; P = 0.0015) values could be independent risk factors for patients with mCRPC without flare. However, these factors lost significance during flare. The risk for all-cause death was significantly higher among patients with BSI > 4 without, than with flare. The results of univariable analyses indicated that flare positively impacted survival (HR, 0.24; 95% CI 0.06‒0.91; P = 0.035). Multivariable analysis did not identify any factors that could predict outcomes.

Conclusion
Favorable prognosis, with fewer disturbances from other factors such as the use of abiraterone or/and enzalutamide, PSA changes, and BSI, was attainable in cases when the mCRPC patient demonstrated flare phenomenon. Follow-up bone scintigraphy at least every 3 months could help to determine the prognosis of patients with bone metastasis of mCRPC.
Influence of the Keystone Grazer, Sesarma reticulatum, on the Hydrology and Organic Matter Cycling in Salt Marshes of the Southeastern USA
Authors: Morrison Elise S. , Bianchi Thomas S. , Kenney William F. , Brenner Mark , Prince Kimberly , Williams Sydney , Ortals Collin , Cordero Orlando , Crotty Sinéad M. , Angelini Christine 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn salt marshes of the Southeastern USA, purple marsh crabs (Sesarma reticulatum), hereafter Sesarma, aggregate in grazing and burrowing fronts at the heads of tidal creeks, accelerating creek incision into marsh platforms. We explored the effects of this keystone grazer and sediment engineer on salt marsh sediment accumulation, hydrology, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turnover using radionuclides (210Pb and 7Be), total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA), and C and N stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in sediment from paired Sesarma-grazed and un-grazed creeks. Sesarma-grazed-creek sediments exhibited greater bioturbation and tidal inundation compared to sediments in un-grazed creeks, as indicated by larger 210Pb and 7Be inventories. Total organic carbon (TOC) to total nitrogen (TN) weight ratios (C:N) were higher and δ15N values were lower in grazed-creek sediments than in un-grazed-creek sediments, suggesting Sesarma remove and assimilate N in their tissues, and excrete N with lower δ15N values into sediments. In support of this inference, the percent total carbon (TC) and percent TOC declined by nearly half, percent TN decreased by ~ 80%, and the C:N ratio exhibited a ~ threefold increase between Sesarma fore-gut and hind-gut contents. An estimated 91% of Sesarma’s diet was derived from Spartina alterniflora, the region’s dominant salt marsh plant. We found that, as Sesarma grazing fronts progress across marsh landscapes, they enhance the decay of Spartina-derived organic matter and prolong marsh tidal inundation. These findings highlight the need to better account for the effects of keystone grazers and sediment engineers, like Sesarma, in estimates of the stability and size of blue C stores in coastal wetlands.
Point-of-Care Capillary Compared to Venous Bilirubin Measurement in Neonates
Authors: Rallis Dimitrios , Baltogianni Maria , Maragoudaki Elena , Tseklazi Paschalina , Kapetaniou Konstantina , Giapros Vasileios 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the agreement between the point-of-care (POC) capillary bilirubin measurement with POC venous samples and the reference laboratory measurement. We conducted a prospective comparative study, including neonates  ≥ 34 weeks of gestational age, and ≥ 72 h of age. The agreement between POC (Calmark Neo-Bilirubin, Sommargatan, Karlstad, Sweden) capillary, POC venous, and laboratory venous bilirubin was examined with the Bland–Altman plot and the Passing-Bablok regression analyses. The mean bilirubin was 13.54 (2.79) mg/dL in the POC capillary samples, 13.45 (2.69) mg/dL in the POC venous samples, and 12.68 (2.33) mg/dL in reference samples. Bland–Altman plots showed optimal agreement between the POC capillary and venous methods, and with the reference venous method. The bias between the POC capillary and venous methods was 0.094 [levels of agreement (− 3.118)− 3.306], between the POC capillary and the reference venous methods 0.865 [levels of agreement (− 2.283)− 4.014], and between the POC venous and the reference venous methods 0.771 [levels of agreement (− 1.814)− 3.357]. The POC capillary and venous bilirubin levels were in optimal agreement with each other, and with the reference venous measurements, supporting the POC Calmark Neo-Bilirubin capillary measurement as an alternative for a less-invasive, more rapid evaluation of bilirubin.
Scoping review of kindergarten research involving the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) in Mainland China
Authors: Gao Xiaozi , Li Echo , Bautista Alfredo , Lee Kerry , Sun Jin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLike many countries, Mainland China is committed to improving process quality in kindergartens (children aged 3 to 6), specifically the quality of teacher–child interactions. The Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS; Pianta, 2008, in Classroom Assessment Scoring System™: Manual K-3, Paul H Brookes Publishing, Baltimore) is a widely used tool to assess and potentially improve interactional quality. While CLASS has been increasingly used by researchers in China, much of the literature has been published in the Chinese language and, thus, is inaccessible to international readers. To overcome this barrier, this scoping review analyzes existing empirical research involving CLASS in Chinese kindergartens. Publications in English and Chinese were considered. Fifty-five peer-reviewed articles published between 2008 and 2023 were included. Most studies were conducted in public kindergartens in urban areas and developed regions of China, adopting quantitative research designs with relatively small sample sizes. We identified six different types of research purposes. Many of the available studies did not follow established CLASS procedures. We conclude that the evidence available for enhancing teacher–child interactional quality and supporting policy reforms in China remains somewhat weak. We encourage Chinese researchers and policymakers to implement CLASS in large-scale teacher performance evaluations and professional development studies.
New Oscillation Criteria for Higher Order Nonlinear Dynamic Equations
Authors: Grace Said R. , Chhatria G. N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with some new criteria for the oscillation of higher-order nonlinear dynamic equations with mixed deviating arguments. The purpose of the present paper is the linearization of the equation under consideration. Specifically, we will infer the oscillation of the studied equation from its linear form and establish new oscillation criteria by comparing it with first-order equations whose oscillatory behaviour is known. The obtained results are new, improve, and correlate many of the known oscillation criteria appearing in the literature. The results are illustrated by two examples.
GALNT2 targeted by miR-139-5p promotes proliferation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via inhibition of LATS2 activation
Authors: Yi Haisheng , Liu Lingyun , Zhang Jingshun , Guo Kaimin , Cao Yin , Sun Penghao , Wang Hongliang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolypeptide N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GALNTs) are critical enzymes that initiate mucin type-O glycosylation, and are closely associated with the occurrence and development of multiple cancers. However, the significance of GALNT2 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression remains largely undetermined. Based on public multi-omics analysis, GALNT2 was strongly elevated in ccRCC versus adjoining nontumor tissues, and it displayed a relationship with poor overall survival (OS) of ccRCC patients. In addition, GALNT2 over-expression accelerated proliferation of renal cancer cell (RCC) lines. In contrast, GALNT2 knockdown using shRNAs suppressed cell proliferation, and this was rescued by LATS2 knockdown. Similarly, GALNT2 deficiency enhanced p-LATS2/LATS2 expression. LATS2 is activated by phosphorylation (p-LATS2) and, in turn, phosphorylate the downstream substrate protein YAP. Phosphorylated YAP (p-YAP) stimulated its degradation and cytoplasmic retention, as it was unable to translocate to the nucleus. This resulted in reduced cell proliferation. Subsequently, we explored the upstream miRNAs of GALNT2. Using dual luciferase reporter assay, we revealed that miR-139-5p interacted with the 3ʹ UTR of GALNT2. Low miR-139-5p expression was associated with worse ccRCC patient outcome. Based on our experiments, miR-139-5p overexpression inhibited RCC proliferation, and this phenotype was rescued by GALNT2 overexpression. Given these evidences, the miR-139-5p-GALNT2-LATS2 axis is critical for RCC proliferation, and it is an excellent candidate for a new therapeutic target in ccRCC.
Manufacturing plant-based non-dairy and probiotic frozen desserts and their impact on physicochemical, sensory and functional aspects
Authors: Akalın Hayriye , Kınık Özer , Şatır Gülçin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study aimed to produce frozen dessert containing plant-based milk (almond, hazelnut, and lupine) and the probiotic Lb. acidophilus bacteria and to evaluate the chemical, microbiological and sensory properties during the 90 day-storage. Frozen dessert antioxidant capacity at day 0 and 90 of evaluation and changes in the phenolic compounds based on variations between different species were significant (p < 0.05). The differences in Lb. acidophilus counts between storage days were significant and values ranged from 4.15–8.99 log CFU/mL on the first day of storage to 3.61–7.06 at the end of the storage. Regarding the results of general acceptability in sensory evaluation, the highest color, taste and aroma scores was determined on day 0 in the hazelnut-lupine milk frozen dessert sample whereas the lowest was determined on day 30 in the almond-lupine milk frozen dessert sample. The samples with the highest antioxidant capacity were found on day 90 day in lupine frozen dessert (87.28 ± 0.007 mM) whereas the samples with the lowest antioxidant capacity were found on day 0 in the almond-hazelnut-lupine frozen dessert (18.83 ± 4.56 mM). Plant-based milk is considered suitable for the main ingredients in ice cream production, due to its health benefits its potential to be consumed as frozen dessert.
Investigation of MASnIxBr3−x (x = 3, 2, 1, 0) Perovskite Thin Films Produced by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Şen Esra , Kaleli Murat , Aldemir Durmuş Ali , Lapa Havva Elif 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMethylammonium iodide (MAI) and methylammonium bromide (MABr) reactants were synthesized in powder form. Tin-based perovskites (MASnIxBr3−x (x = 3, 2, 1, 0)) were deposited as a thin film on glass substrates using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to examine the crystallographic characteristics of the synthesized MAI/MABr powders and perovskite thin films. A shift occurred in the XRD peaks by changing the I/Br ratios. Morphological analysis of the MAI and MABr were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). While the average particle size was calculated a ~ 94 μm for MAI, it was obtained as ~ 188 μm for MABr. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy peaks observed for synthesized MAI and MABr were found to be compatible with commercial MAI and MABr FTIR peaks. Elemental analysis of MASnIxBr3−x (x = 3, 2, 1, 0) perovskite thin films was performed energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Forbidden band gap (Eg) values of perovskite thin films were obtained from Tauc curves. The Eg value increased with an increasing I/Br ratio. The deposition of highly stoichiometric MASnIxBr3–x perovskites thin films was achieved by the USP method. This method has many parameters need to be optimized. This study gives optimum parameters that are difficult to determine.
Learning from a dilemma: The opportunities online teaching provided for teacher growth and development
Authors: Smith Kathy , Mansfield Jennifer , Adams Megan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The global 2020 COVID-19 pandemic impacted teaching and learning in all education institutions. The unprecedented and rapid shift from classroom based to fully online teaching raised unfamiliar dilemmas for educators, requiring immediate operational and pedagogical changes to meet previously unimagined demands. This study reports how an Australian school harnessed this experience and the teacher professional learning which ensued. Online focus groups were conducted with 50 teachers. The theoretical lens of Pedagogical equilibrium was used to explain the sense of unrest, curiosity, uncertainty and perplexity evident in teachers’ responses as they began to address unfamiliar challenges. Data analysis revealed such disequilibrium provided opportunity for teachers to work together to socially construct new professional knowledge in three key areas: teacher agency, community collaboration and teacher well-being. The findings demonstrate the importance of positioning such disruptions as opportunities for teacher professional growth and strategically encouraging teachers to reflect, articulate and share their learnings. When done effectively, these processes can embody a dynamic, collaborative community culture based on respect, reciprocity and trust. Such a culture shift not only supports the construction of both individual and collective professional knowledge but also enhances teacher well-being.
$$L^\infty $$ a-priori estimates for subcritical p-laplacian equations with a Carathéodory non-linearity
Authors: Pardo Rosa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLet us consider a quasi-linear boundary value problem $$ -\Delta _p u= f(x,u),$$

-

Δ
p

u
=
f

(
x
,
u
)

,

in $$\Omega ,$$

Ω
,

with Dirichlet boundary conditions, where $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^N $$

Ω
⊂

R

N

, with $$p<N,$$

p
<
N
,

is a bounded smooth domain strictly convex, and the non-linearity f is a Carathéodory function p-super-linear and subcritical. We provide $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

a priori estimates for weak solutions, in terms of their $$L^{p^*}$$

L

p
∗

-norm, where $$p^*= \frac{Np}{N-p}\ $$

p
∗

=

Np

N
-
p

is the critical Sobolev exponent. No hypotheses on the sign of the solutions, neither of the non-linearities are required. This method is based in elliptic regularity for the p-Laplacian combined either with Gagliardo–Nirenberg or with Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg interpolation inequalities. By a subcritical non-linearity we mean, for instance, $$|f(x,s)|\le |x|^{-\mu }\, \tilde{f}(s),$$

|
f

(
x
,
s
)

|

≤

|
x
|

-
μ

f
~

(
s
)

,

where $$\mu \in (0,p),$$

μ
∈
(
0
,
p
)
,

and $$\tilde{f}(s)/|s|^{p_{\mu }^*-1}\rightarrow 0$$

f
~

(
s
)

/

|
s
|

p

μ

∗

-
1

→
0

as $$|s|\rightarrow \infty $$

|
s
|
→
∞

, here $$p^*_{\mu }:=\frac{p(N-\mu )}{N-p}$$

p
μ
∗

:
=

p
(
N
-
μ
)

N
-
p

is the critical Hardy–Sobolev exponent. Our non-linearities includes non-power non-linearities. In particular we prove that when $$f(x,s)=|x|^{-\mu }\,\frac{|s|^{p^*_{\mu }-2}s}{\big [\log (e+|s|)\big ]^\alpha },$$

f

(
x
,
s
)

=

|
x
|

-
μ

|
s
|

p
μ
∗

-
2

s

[

log

(
e
+
|
s
|
)

]

α

,

with $$\mu \in [1,p),$$

μ
∈
[
1
,
p
)
,

then, for any $$\varepsilon >0$$

ε
>
0

there exists a constant $$C_\varepsilon >0$$

C
ε

>
0

such that for any solution $$u\in H^1_0(\Omega )$$

u
∈

H
0
1

(
Ω
)

, the following holds $$\begin{aligned} \Big [\log \big (e+\Vert u\Vert _{\infty }\big )\Big ]^\alpha \le C_\varepsilon \, \Big (1+\Vert u\Vert _{p^*}\Big )^{\, (p^*_{\mu }-p)(1+\varepsilon )}\,, \end{aligned}$$

[

log

(

e
+

‖
u
‖

∞

)

]

α

≤

C
ε

(

1
+

‖
u
‖

p
∗

)

(

p
μ
∗

-
p
)

(
1
+
ε
)

,

where $$C_\varepsilon $$

C
ε

is independent of the solution u.
Het patroon van lokaal recidief na prostatectomie op PSMA PET/CT-scan
Authors: Staal Floor H. E. , Noordzij Walter , Janssen Jorinde , Oprea-Lager Daniëla E. , Engelen Antoine M. , van Limbergen Evert J. , Smeenk Robert Jan , de Jong Marianne A. A. , Budiharto Tom C. G. , Jacobs Inge , Haverkort M. A. Dorien , Brouwer Charlotte L. , Wei Siang Kelvin Ng , Langendijk Johannes A. , Verzijlbergen J. Fred , de Jong Igle Jan , Aluwini Shafak 
Published: March 2024

SamenvattingDeze studie onderzocht het patroon van lokaal recidief (LR) na prostatectomie met behulp van prostaatspecifieke membraanantigeen (PSMA) positronemissietomografie/computertomografie (PET/CT)-scans. In totaal werden retrospectief 103 PSMA PET/CT-scans verzameld van patiënten met verdenking op LR in negen behandelcentra. Een ervaren nucleaire geneeskundige beoordeelde de geanonimiseerde scans opnieuw en identificeerde op 83 PSMA PET/CT-scans 93 laesies als verdacht voor LR. De meest voorkomende locatie van LR (56%) was binnen 2 cm craniaal van de bulbus. Daarnaast werden 24 LR (26%) waargenomen > 2 cm craniaal van de bulbus en caudaal van de top van de symfyse. Slechts 17 LR (18%) werden craniaal van de symfyse gezien. Deze bevindingen dragen bij aan de kennis van het patroon van LR na prostatectomie en kunnen in de toekomst leiden tot gerichtere bestraling van de prostaatloge.
Requiring good governance from private regulators: what about the rest of us after ESL and ISU?
Authors: Lindholm Johan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOn January 21, 2023, the Court of Justice of the European Union issued two judgments on European Union (EU) law as a check on the regulatory power of sport governing bodies: European Super League (ESL) and International Skating Union (ISU). These judgments clarify that private entities who wield regulatory power are under EU law subject to what can be characterized as good governance requirements. After examining how ESL and ISU enhance substantive and procedural good governance, this article explores who benefits—and more importantly who does not benefit—from these good governance requirements. While there is some ambiguity in the judgments regarding the scope of the good governance requirements, the article argues that they both can and ought to be applied broadly to all who enjoy rights under EU law.
Beginner’s guide to aggregation-diffusion equations
Authors: Gómez-Castro David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this survey is to serve as an introduction to the different techniques available in the broad field of aggregation-diffusion equations. We aim to provide historical context, key literature, and main ideas in the field. We start by discussing the modelling and famous particular cases: heat equation, Fokker–Plank, Porous medium, Keller–Segel, Chapman–Rubinstein–Schatzman, Newtonian vortex, Caffarelli–Vázquez, McKean–Vlasov, Kuramoto, and one-layer neural networks. In Sect. 4 we present the well-posedness frameworks given as PDEs in Sobolev spaces, and gradient-flow in Wasserstein. Then we discuss the asymptotic behaviour in time, for which we need to understand minimisers of a free energy. We then present some numerical methods which have been developed. We conclude the paper mentioning some related problems.
High temperature lubrication performance of chlorophenyl silicone oil
Authors: Meng Yan , Wen Xiangli , Cheng Jie , Bai Pengpeng , Meng Yonggang , Tian Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMost studies of liquid lubricants were carried out at temperatures below 200 °C. However, the service temperature of lubricants for aerospace and aeroengine has reached above 300 °C. In order to investigate the friction mechanism and provide data for high temperature lubrication, the friction and wear properties of chlorophenyl silicone oil (CPSO)-lubricated M50 steel and Si3N4 friction pairs were investigated herein. Ball-on-disk experimental results show that the lubrication performance of CPSO varies significantly with temperature. Below 150 °C, coefficient of friction (COF) remains at 0.13–0.15 after the short running-in stage (600 s), while the COF in the running-in stage is 0.2–0.3. At 200 °C and above, the running-in time is much longer (1,200 s), and the initial instantaneous maximum COF can reach 0.5. Under this condition, the COF gradually decreases and finally stabilizes at around 0.16–0.17 afterwards. This phenomenon is mainly due to the different thickness of boundary adsorption film. More importantly, the wear rate of M50 steel increases significantly with the temperature, while the wear rate barely changes at temperatures above 200 °C. The anti-wear mechanism is explained as tribochemical reactions are more likely to occur between CPSO and steel surface with the increased temperature, generating the FeCl2 protective film on the metal surface. Accordingly, FeCl2 tribochemical film improves the lubrication and anti-wear capacity of the system. At high temperatures (200–350 °C), FeCl2 film becomes thicker, and the contact region pressure becomes lower due to the larger wear scar size, so the wear rate growth of M50 steel is much smaller compared with that of low temperatures (22–150 °C). The main findings in this study demonstrate that CPSO lubricant has good anti-wear and lubrication capacity, which is capable of working under temperatures up to 350 °C.
Homotopy type through homology groups
Authors: Carnero Bravo Andrés , Antolín Camarena Omar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe show that for certain pairs of nonnegative integers, if the reduced integral homology groups of a space are nonzero only in that pair of degrees and those groups are finitely generated free abelian groups, then the space must have the weak homotopy type of a wedge of spheres of whose dimensions belong to the pair.