bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinant factors and coping strategies for depression among pregnant women: An intervention-based qualitative study in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Ahsan Quratulain , Saleem Javeria , Ishaq Muhammad , Zakar Rubeena , Abbas Saira , Shahzad Ruhma , Khan Sohail Mahmood , Fischer Florian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:The present study is an intervention-based qualitative study that explores the factors causing depression among antenatal women and analysescoping strategies based on the Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) intervention in the urban setting of Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative evaluation approach was used in the present study. The study comprises four phases, i.e., the screening phase, exploratory phase, intervention phase, and evaluation phase. During the first phase, pregnant women aged 18-45 years were screened for anxiety and depression by using the Urdu-translated Patient Health Care Questionnaire-9. In thesecond phase, identified women were interviewed to explore the factors responsible for depression. In the third phase, theintervention was administered via the THP intervention. In the last phase, the same women were reinterviewed to analyse the outcomes of the intervention. Thematic analysis was performed for the analysis of the interviews.
Results: Three main themes emerged in the preintervention phase: 1) the impact of adverse life events on the mental health of pregnant women, 2) the adverse effects of marital relationship issues on pregnant women, and 3) depression-causing factors due to the joint family system. Furthermore, four themes emerged in the postintervention stage: 1) development of positivity in thinking and attitude, 2) learning about stress management through the provision of compassion and sharing avenues, 3) gaining self-esteem to address matters positively, and 4) improving relationships with the unborn child and family. Numerous pregnant women praised the THP project and recommended that hospitals adopt it to assist pregnant patients in the Pakistani health system.
Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that depression during pregnancy is a serious problem among women for diverse cultural and personal reasons. However, THP can be a valuable tool for helping many pregnant women who are experiencing prenatal depression recover.
AM fungi and pathogen dissimilarity predicting plant-microbial interactions strength in graminoids and forbs
Authors: Ding Zijian , Bai Long , Ren Baihui , Qin Sijun , Li Jiahuan , Guo Lizhu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Plant-microbial interactions (PMI) play a crucial role in plant growth, fitness and productivity, primarily through the mutualism and antagonism interactions between plants and soil microorganisms. The colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and pathogen are often used to speculate on the effects of microorganisms on plant growth, i.e. plant-microbial interactions (PMI). However, empirical studies demonstrate the relationship between AM fungi or pathogen and PMI effects remains limited, especially under different biotic and abiotic conditions. Here, we evaluated the colonization rates of AM fungi and pathogen across 13 grassland species under individual or communal conditions, in both overgrazed and restored soil. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between AM fungi or pathogen and PMI. Our results showed that forbs exhibited significantly higher rates of AM fungal colonization compared to graminoids in community condition and overgrazed soil while graminoid roots showed higher pathogen infestation compared to forbs in individual condition and overgrazed soil. Generally, there was a positive correlation between PMI and AM fungal colonization but a negative correlation between PMI and pathogen disease. The PMI of graminoids exhibited a negative correlation with pathogen disease in individual condition and overgrazed soil, but showed no correlation with AM fungal colonization. On the other hand, the PMI of forbs showed a positive correlation with AM colonization in both restored and overgrazed soil, as well as in both individual and community experiments. However, there was no correlation between PMI of forbs and pathogen disease. The PMI of graminoids and forbs in grassland ecosystems can be driven by distinct soil microorganisms. These insights enable us to better understand how soil mutualists and pathogen mediate PMI effects on plant growth, with implications for grassland management and restoration.
Clinical features analysis of 105 children with liver failure
Authors: Chen Leilei , Zheng Yucan , Hu Guorui , leilei chen , Lu Yan , Liu Zhi-feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective To study the clinical features of pediatric liver failure and provide reference for diagnosis and prevention. Methods Clinical data of children diagnosed with liver failure at XX Hospital from 2012 to 2023 were collected and statistically analyzed.
Results Among 105 cases of liver failure in children, the age ranged from 1 day to 14 years and 11 months, with a median age of 1 year and 9 months. There were 67 males and 38 females, with acute and subacute liver failure accounting for 82.8%. The most common causes were hereditary metabolic diseases (24 cases, 22.9%), followed by infection factors (12 cases, 11.4%), and biliary diseases (10 cases, 9.5%). However, the cause remained unknown in 34.3% of cases. The most common clinical manifestations were poor appetite, fever, and jaundice. The main complications were hepatic encephalopathy, electrolyte disorders, and infection. There was no statistically significant difference in age, albumin, blood ammonia, presence of hepatic encephalopathy, ALT, and GGT between the survival group and the 28-day mortality group (P>0.05). The survival group had lower PELD/MELD scores, total bilirubin, and INR, and higher platelet count compared to the 28-day mortality group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).
Conclusion Hereditary metabolic diseases, infection, and biliary diseases are common causes of pediatric liver failure. MELD/PELD scores can predict the prognosis of liver failure. Clinical feature analysis and MELD/PELD scores are helpful in guiding clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment.
CD59 Protects Primary Human Cerebrovascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Cytolytic Membrane Attack Complex
Authors: Whinnery Carson , Nie Ying , Boskovic Danilo S. , Soriano Salvador , Kirsch Wolff M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is characterized by a weakening of the small and medium sized cerebral arteries, as their smooth muscle cells are progressively replaced with acellular amyloid β, increasing vessel fragility and vulnerability to microhemorrhage. In this context, an aberrant overactivation of the complement system would further aggravate this process. The surface protein CD59 protects most cells from complement-induced cytotoxicity, but expression levels can fluctuate due to disease and vary between cell types. The degree to which CD59 protects human cerebral vascular smooth muscle (HCSM) cells from complement-induced cytotoxicity has not yet been determined. To address this shortcoming, we selectively blocked the activity of HCSM-expressed CD59 with an antibody and challenged the cells with complement, then measured cellular viability. Unblocked HCSM cells proved resistant to all tested concentrations of complement, and this resistance decreased progressively with increasing concentrations of anti-CD59 antibody. Complete CD59 blockage, however, did not result in total loss of cellular viability, suggesting that additional factors may have some protective functions. Taken together, this implies that CD59 plays a predominant role in HCSM cellular protection against complement-induced cytotoxicity. Over-expression of CD59 could be an effective means of protecting these cells from excessive complement system activity, with consequent reduction in the incidence of microhemorrhage. The precise extent to which cellular repair mechanisms and other complement repair proteins contribute to this resistance has yet to be fully elucidated.
Assessing the Complexity of Cloud Pricing Policies: A Comparative Market Analysis
Authors: Liagkou Vasilliki , Fragiadakis George , Filiopoulou Evangelia , Michalakelis Christos , Tsadimas Anargyros , Nikolaidou Mara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cloud computing has gained popularity at a breakneck pace over the last few years. It has revolutionised the way businesses operate by providing a flexible and scalable infrastructure for their computing needs. Cloud providers offer a range of services with a variety of pricing schemes. Cloud pricing schemes are based on functional factors like CPU, RAM and storage, combined with different payment options, such as pay-per-use, subscription-based and non-functional aspects, such as scalability and availability. While cloud pricing can be complicated, it is critical for businesses to thoroughly assess and compare pricing policies along with technical requirements to ensure they design an investment strategy. This paper evaluates current pricing strategies for IaaS, CaaS and PaaS cloud services and also focuses on the top leading cloud providers, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google. To compare pricing policies between different services and providers, a hedonic price index is constructed for each service category based on data set collected in 2022. Using the hedonic price index a comparative analysis between them becomes feasible. The results revealed that providers follow the very same pricing pattern for IaaS and CaaS, with CPU being the main driver of cloud pricing schemes, whereas PaaS pricing fluctuates among cloud providers.
Cyanobacterial inoculation promotes growth of the aquatic plant Salvinia auriculata
Authors: Pimenta Larissa Langsdorff , Souza Grécia Andrade , Pereira Luis Carlos , Vaz Marcelo Gomes , Coelho Flávia Freitas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Clonal plants, like cyanobacteria, are widespread and perform important ecosystem functions, influencing the structure and composition of the habitats in which they occur. Some cyanobacteria perform biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and can affect plant growth as nitrogen (N) is a limiting nutrient. Therefore, to investigate whether heterocystous cyanobacteria favour individual growth and reproductive strategies (sexual reproduction and clonal growth) of Salvinia auriculata, we carried out a greenhouse experiment with the inoculation of two strains of cyanobacteria, Desmonostoc (UFLA 12) and Cronbergia (UFLA 35). S. auriculata ramets were grown in plastic pots with the following treatments: (D) Desmonostoc (UFLA 12) inoculum; (C) Cronbergia (UFLA 35) inoculum; (D + C) Cronbergia (UFLA 35) + Desmonostoc (UFLA 12) inoculum, and (Co) control, absence of cyanobacteria. Treatments (D) and (D + C) positively influenced the clonal growth of S. auriculata. Desmonostoc inoculation contributed to numerical increase in shoots, biomass gain, and shoot size. Cronbergia (UFLA 35) alone was not able to promote the growth of S. auriculata, only in consortium with Desmonostoc (UFLA 12). We conclude that the inoculation of Desmonostoc (UFLA 12) and Cronbergia (UFLA 35) favours the clonal growth of S. auriculata contributing to its more vigorous spread. The fact that Desmonostoc (UFLA 12) and Cronbergia (UFLA 35) favoured the clonal growth of S. auriculata may serve as a tool to assist in understanding the excessive growth of these plants in aquatic environments, for acting as a potential biofertiliser.
Prevalence of Aedes Mosquitoes During the Dengue Transmission Season in Haridwar City of Uttarakhand State, India
Authors: Singh R. K. , Akhtar Nasreen , Siddiqui Nida , Singh Sangeeta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
An entomological investigation was conducted in the dengue-affected regions of Haridwar city, Uttarakhand, during the dengue transmission season. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of Aedesmosquitoes and identify high-risk areas in Haridwar city for the control of dengue disease. Out of 1922 residential premises, commercial establishments, and public places only 244 localities were found positive for Aedesbreeding. The House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), and Breteau Index (BI) in residential areas were 12.40, 8.08, and 20.68, respectively, while the CI in commercial and public places was 33.50. Aedes aegypti followed by Ae. albopictus and Ae. vittatus was the most dominating species and found in peri-domestic habitats. Larvae of Ae. aegypti was collected from junk materials, cemented tanks, pots, seepage water tanks, mud pots, discarded tires, tree holes, desert coolers, mani pots, plastic containers, tray of the domestic refrigerator, and flower pots. The average Man Hour Density (MHD) of Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Ae. vittatusin residential areas were 10.77, 6.81, and 0.52, while in commercial/official areas, they were 4.75, 7.95, and 1.68. Five species of Aedes mosquitoes, namely Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. vittatus, Ae. pseudotaeniatus, and Ae. thomsoni, were recorded during the study.
The examining on DNA binding activities of tetrakis-(4-tritylphenoxy)-phthalocyanine copper (II) phthalocyanine complex
Authors: Arslantaş Ali , Ağırtaş Mehmet Salih , Solğun Derya Güngördü 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cu (II) phthalocyanine complex had been previously synthesized by reacting 4-(4-tritylphenoxy)phthalonitrile compound. The structure of obtained CuPc complex had been analyzed by absorption titration, infrared and NMR spectroscopies techniques. The DNA interacting property for the complex was analyzed in various concentration of CT-DNA utilizing elctronic absorption, emission spectroscopy, gel agarose electrophoresis and thermal melting procedures. In this report, the binding constant value for the complex was also estimated. Absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic processes proved that CuPc interacts by CT-DNA. At the the same time, the thermal melting and electrophoresis technics were practiced to analyze the intercating property of CuPc by DNA. The thermal melting and electrophoresis assays supported that CuPc combines with DNA via an intercalative interacting mechanism. The obtained findings demonstrated that the complex connects to DNA by an intercalative interacting mode. Therefore, CuPc complex may have potential cancer therapeutic agent.
On the evaluation of synthetic longitudinal electronic health records
Authors: Achterberg Jim L. , Haas Marcel R. , Spruit Marco R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:: Synthetic Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are becoming increasingly popular as a privacy enhancing technology. However, for longitudinal EHRs specifically, little research has been done into how to properly evaluate synthetically generated samples. In this article, we provide a discussion on existing methods and recommendations when evaluating the quality of synthetic longitudinal EHRs.
Methods:: We recommend to assess synthetic EHR quality through similarity to real EHRs in low-dimensional projections, accuracy of a classifier discriminating synthetic from real samples, performance of synthetic versus real trained algorithms in clinical tasks, and privacy risk through risk of attribute inference. For each metric we discuss strengths and weaknesses, next to showing how it can be applied on a longitudinal dataset.
Results:: To support the discussion on evaluation metrics, we apply discussed metrics on a dataset of synthetic EHRs generated from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) repository.
Conclusions:: The discussion on evaluation metrics provide guidance for researchers on how to use and interpret different metrics when evaluating the quality of synthetic longitudinal EHRs.
The relationship between immune cells and prostate cancer, and the mediating role of metabolites: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wu Xipeng , Zou Wenda , Liu Ziwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Research has demonstrated the significant involvement of immune cells in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). However, the precise causal relationship between immune cells and PCa remains unclear.
Methods
This study utilized bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis to investigate the causal link between immune cells and PCa. Additionally, employed mediation MR design to ascertain the potential mediating role of metabolites in the connection between immune cells and PCa outcomes.
Results
Unswitched memory B cell % lymphocyte and CD24 + CD27 + B cell % lymphocyte were positively related to PCa risk, while CD62L − monocyte absolute count and CD62L − monocyte % monocyte were negatively associated with PCa risk. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate these results. The mediation MR results indicate that 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate (CMPF) levels may be an independent risk factor for PCa, while the succinate to acetoacetate ratio (SA ratio) was found to be a mediator for the effect of CD62L − monocyte % monocyte on PCa, with a mediation proportion of 16.6% (mediation percentage: 16.6%, 95%CI = -163% -196%).
Conclusion
The research validates the genetic causality between particular immune cells and PCa, and has emphasized the potential intermediary function of SA ratio. These noteworthy discoveries provide fresh perspectives for the clinical management of PCa.
WAPT: a friendly interactive web application for performance assessment in interlaboratory comparisons
Authors: Leal Luiz Henrique da Conceição , Rocha Werickson Fortunato de Carvalho 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

A free and user-friendly web application for performance assessment in interlaboratory comparisons (IC) was developed to aid IC providers with statistical analysis of results reported by participants. WAPT has three modules that can deal with univariate, categorical, and multivariate data sets. Each module provides well-established statistical methods and recent approaches to proficiency testing assessment. This brief communication presents some features of WAPT using data sets examples from: (i) proficiency testing to evaluate the performance of food and beverage analysis laboratories in the determination of benzoic acid in orange juice; (ii) proficiency testing to verify the ability of participating laboratories to correctly identify 19 salmonella serotypes; (iii) interlaboratory comparison to evaluate the effectiveness of $^1$H NMR metabolomics to generate comparable data sets from environmentally derived samples. WAPT graphs and tables are used in all examples.
Research on seismic performance and improvement of rural self-built houses
Authors: Zhang jian xiong , Liu De Wen , Sun Rui , Ding Yong , Zhao Yunlong , Wang Jia , Sun Weiwei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The traditional self-built houses with a bottom frame structure, still prevalent in rural areas, pose a significant risk of damage during earthquakes due to the structural weaknesses of the first and second floors. Despite this vulnerability, many residents continue to construct such houses due to their structural convenience. This study focuses on a rural self-built house with a frame bottom layer and three masonry upper layers. By subjecting the structure to seven seismic waves, we analyze the seismic responses of traditional seismic structures, bottom shear wall structures, foundation isolation structures, and storey separation structures. A comparative assessment of the seismic performance of these four structures under earthquake conditions is conducted. The study confirms the advantages and feasibility of implementing base shear wall and isolation technologies in rural self-built bottom frame structures. The findings reveal that bottom shear walls can mitigate seismic damage to some extent. Additionally, the implementation of isolation technology can effectively extend the structure's period and prevent site-specific vulnerabilities. When foundation isolation is applied, structural acceleration, interstory shear, interstory displacement, and base shear can be reduced from 18.261–32.098% of those observed in traditional seismic structures, indicating a significant improvement in seismic resilience. Moreover, the seismic performance of storey separation surpasses that of bottom shear walls, while foundation isolation outperforms both storey separation and bottom shear walls in terms of seismic performance.
The Effects of Fenugreek Seed on Glycemic Parameters: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta- analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chehregosha Fatemeh , Fakhr Laleh , Tarighat-Esfanjani Ali , Maghsoumi-Norouzabad Leila 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The presented comprehensive review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials aimed to analyze the effectiveness of fenugreek on fasting blood glucose (FBS), 2h postprandial glucose (2hPPG), Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), Insulin and Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
Methods
A systematic literature search of the several databases was performed from inception to 30 October 2023, for controlled clinical trials. Data were analysed using the random-effect model, and presented as weighted (WMD) or standardized (SMD) mean difference and associated 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity between studies assessed using the Cochrane χ2 test. To identify the source of heterogeneity, meta-regression, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis used. Funnel plot, Egger's and Begg's tests also used to evaluate publication bias.
Results
A total of 26 RCTs met the eligibility criteria. The results indicated signifcant improving effects of fenugreek on FBS (WMD: − 16.75 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 23.36, − 10.15; P < 0.001), PPG (WMD: − 22.28 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 34.42 to − 10.15; P < 0.001; I² (%): 95.1%, P < 0.001), HbA1C levels (WMD: − 0.63 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.76 to − 0.51; P < 0.001), and insulin (SMD: − 0.42; 95% CI: − 0.79 to − 0.05; P = 0.026). However, the effect on HOMA-IR was not significant (WMD: -22.28 mg/dL; 95% CI: − 0.84 to 0.02; P = 0.061).
Conclusion
The overall results support possible protective and therapeutic effects of fenugreek on glycemic parameters. Future studies with higher quality are necessary to confirm the results of the present meta-analyses.