bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA SHOWING PITUITARY TUMOR WITH MASSIVE LEUKEMIC CELL INFILTRATION, AND SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF CLL
Authors: Nemoto Keiichi , Ohnishi* Yoshihisa , Tsukada** Tsuneyasu 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 33 years old doctor with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was reported. Two remissions were noted with chemotherapy and irradiation. The special characteristic of this case was the tumor formation in the sellar fossa similating a pituitary tumor which was considered as a type of meningeal leukemia, showing visual disturbance. Leukemic cell infiltration was hardly observed in any other organs.From the analysis of five cases of CLL, the author proposes that CLL may be classified into two types: the one is the severe type showing a short clinical course and the other is a mild one, showing a long clinical course. Details such as histopathological findings, cause of death and clinical findings were discussed.
VARIOUS EPITHELIAL AND NON‐EPITHELIAL TUMORS SPONTANEOUSLY OCCURRING IN LONG‐LIVED MICE OF A/St, CBA, C57BL/6 AND THEIR HYBRID MICE
Authors: Kawada Kenji , Ojima Akitsugu 
Published: December 2008

Various kinds of epithelial and non‐epithelial tumors, and tumor‐like lesions spontaeously developed in long‐lived mice of strains A/St, C57BL/6 and CBA, and of (C57BL/6 x CBA) F1, hybrids, all of which had been fed in the 2nd Department of Pathology, Gifu University School of Medicine.Some tumors were successfully transplanted into the same strain of mice. An interesting tumor line showing phagocytic activity and growing only in the liver even when inoculated subcutaneously, which was obtained from a reticulum cell neoplasm, Type A by Dunn, originated in the liver of a (C57BL/6 X CBA) F1 hybrid male mouse.
NECROTIZING MYOPATHY AS A REMOTE EFFECT OF GASTRIC CANCER ACCOMPANIED WITH HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS
Authors: Yutani Chikao , Matsuda Yoshimitsu , Murao Shigeo , Kamo Yasuji , Yoshida Hideo , Nakajima Toshio 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 74‐year‐old male who had shown clinically hypothyroidism due to chronic atrophic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), and pathologically necrotizing myopathy as a remote effect of gastric cancer was reported.Morphological features of this necrotizing myopathy was those of carcinomatous myopathy rather than those of hypothyroid or diabetic myopathy.As for the pathogenesis of the necrotizing myopathy (as a Group IV of polymyositis of Walton and Adams), the malignancy might have played an important role as a trigger of the secondary immunological abnormality upon a pre‐exizting longstanding immune disorder of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Pseudomembranous colitis, which was thought to be related to antibiotics (Lincomycin), was also briefly discussed.
CONGENITAL DILATATION OF INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCTS ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATIC FIBROSIS and MEDULLARY SPONGE KIDNEY —RECONSTRUCTION and MICRODISSECTION STUDY
Authors: Okada Eikichi , Shozawa Takeshi 
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a four‐year‐old female with congenital dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts with bilateral medullary sponge kidney is presented. The liver and kidney were investigated by reconstruction with serial sections and the kidney was also studied by microdissection.In this case the dilatations of collecting tubules and intra‐ and extra‐hepatic bile ducts were observed. We regard these lesions as developmental anomalies since these sites of both organs are excretory ducts derived from the endoderm. The liver cirrhosis observed at atuopsy had developed in the course of the disease because the liver architecture was well preserved in the biopsy material. The patient had fatal cholangitis without cholelithiasis.
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma
Authors: Ushigome Shinichiro , Hirota Teruyuki 
Published: December 2008

The histological diagnosis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) seems to have become recently fashionable among pathologists, although its histo‐genesis and diagnostic criteria are not entirely settled as yet. For practical purposes the differential diagnosis with other easily mistakable mesenchymal tumors should be strictly made with great caution, because of variable histological features of this tumor. The authors attempted to elucidate the differential points from other tumors in a review of 189 cases of malignant soft tissue tumors. Some cases of carcinoma mimicking MFH were also reviewed. No single criterion for making the histological diagnosis of MFH was obtained. Its histological features and differential points from pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma and fibrosarcoma were tabulated.The recognition of a true tumor osteoid was emphasized as a single differential point between osteosarcoma and MFH often with fibrous areas mimicking osteoid. Renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to bone, which was misinterpreted as MFH on biopsy tissue, was also described and its differential point was stated.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOPATHOLOGIC STUDIES OF THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA, HEMOLYTIC‐UREMIC SYNDROME AND DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION
Authors: Hayasaka Takashi , Yoshiki Takashi , Shirai Toshikazu , Ninomura Nobumasa , Itoh Tetsuo 
Published: December 2008

The vascular lesion of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura was characterized by two distinct types of changes in the arteriole of the heart and brain: (1) multiple incomplete vascular occlusions due to the subendothelial deposits composed of a homogeneous fibrin fibrinogen‐like substance and platelets without the formation of polymerized fibrin; (2) vascular wall thickening due to the intramural granular deposits of IgM and β1C.A patient with hemolytic‐uremic syndrome 9 days after the onset of the disease, exhibited (1) the formation of fibrin‐thrombi in the glomerular capillary lumens, and (2) the granular deposits of IgM and β1C along the glomerular capillary walls and in the mesangium. In contrast, the case in which the symptoms subsided five weeks after the onset exhibited neither fibrin‐thrombus formation nor the deposits of IgM and βC in the glomeruli. The vascular lesion of disseminated intravascular coagulation accompanied by pancreas carcinoma was located mainly in the capillaries, and were characterized by the formation of numerous fibrin‐thrombi. Although the glomeruli contained numerous thrombi, there was neitherendocapillary proliferation nor deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION OF TYPE I, II, III, AND IV COLLAGENS IN THE LUNG
Authors: Konomi Hiroshi , Hori Hisae , Sano Junjiro , Sunada Hironobu , Hata Ryu‐ichiro , Fujiwara Sakuhei , Nagai Yutaka 
Published: December 2008

Type specific rabbit antibodies to bovine type I, 11, 111, and IV (basement membrane) collagens showing no cross‐reaction with other types of collagen were prepared by cross‐adsorption and diethylamiuoethyl‐cellulose romatography. The antibodies to bovine type I and I11 collagens showed a high cross‐reaction with the corresponding human collagens, but those to type I1 and IV collagens did moderate and no cross‐reactions with human type I1 and IV collagens, respectively. By using these antibodies, tissue distribution of various types of collagen in normal bovine lung was examined by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Both type I and I11 collagens were found to distribute widely in the interstitium of bronchial tree, bronchiallamina propria and of interlobules as well as alveolar nipples and adventitia of pulmonary arteries. Type I1 collagen was located only in bronchial cartilage. The tissues mainly stained for type 11 collagen were the alveolar interstitium (also stained faintly for type I collagen) and the intima and media of the arteries. Type IV collagen was located in a membranous fashion in alveolar septa and bronchial smooth muscles and subepithelial layers as well as capillaries and the intima and media of arteries. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 31: 601–610, 1981.
Poorly differentiated (‘insular’) carcinoma of the thyroid
Authors: Mizukami Yuji , Nonomura Akitaka , Michigishi Takatoshi , Noguchi Masakuni , Ohmura Kenji , Nakamura Shinobu , Hoso Masahiro 
Published: December 2008

Three cases of unusual poorly differentiated (‘insular’) carcinoma of the thyroid gland are presented. These three thyroid carcinomas were large; the tumors from patients 1 and 3 were encapsulated, and that from patient 2 showed invasive growth. Microscopically the tumors were characterized by welldefined solid nests (insulae), which were composed of rather small and uniform tumor cells with round to oval nuclei. Formation of small and colloid‐containing follicles was associated with these nests to varying degrees. The tumors of patients 1 and 3 were composed entirely of insular components, but that of patient 2 was associated with small areas of welldifferentiated follicular carcinoma. The metastatic tumors of patients 1 and 2 were essentially similar to the primary with small foci of follicular carcinoma.Patient 1 is alive with local and mediastinal node recurrences, but patient 2 died of the disease with local recurrences and metastases to lungs, bones and skin. Patient 3 had no recurrences and died of unrelated disease 5 years after surgery. The present study indicates that insular carcinomas have characteristic histologic features and a less favorable prognosis, confirming the findings of previous studies.
Iron‐induced tissue damage and cancer: The role of reactive oxygen species‐free radicals
Authors: OKADA SHIGERU 
Published: December 2008

Oxygen is poisonous, but we cannot live without It. The high oxidizing potential of oxygen molecules (dioxygen) Is a valuable source of energy for the organism and its reactivity is low; that is, spin forbidden. However, the dioxygen itself is a ‘free radical’ and, especially in the presence of transition metals, K is a major promoter of radical reactions in the cell. Humans survive only by virtue of their elaborate defense mechanisms against oxygen toxicity.Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the human body‐ Because iron shows wide variation in redox potential with different co‐ordination ligands, it may be used as a redox intermediate in many biological mechanisms. However, it is precisely this redox activeness that makes iron a key participant in free radical production.The current research on the relationship between iron and cancer is briefly reviewed. Research results are reported here which indicate that iron, when bound to certain ligands, can cause free‐radical mediated tissue damage and become carcinogenic. The present study also suggests that iron may also have a significant role in spontaneous human cancer.
Role of lymph node density in predicting survival of patients with lymph node metastases after radical cystectomy: A multi‐institutional study
Authors: Osawa Takahiro , Abe Takashige , Shinohara Nobuo , Harabayashi Toru , Sazawa Ataru , Kubota Kanako , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Shibata Takeshi , Shinno Yuichiro , Kamota Shinji , Minami Keita , Sakashita Shigeo , Kumagai Akira , Mori Tatsuya , Nonomura Katsuya 
Published: December 2008

Objectives:  To evaluate the prognostic role of different clinico‐pathological parameters in node‐positive patients treated by radical cystectomy.Methods:  A retrospective multi‐institutional study of 435 patients who underwent radical cystectomy between 1990 and 2005 was carried out. Of them, pathological lymph node (LN) metastases were found in 83 patients. Sixty of these 83 patients, whose clinical information and follow‐up data were available, were included in the analysis. Twenty‐five patients had undergone adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas 35 had not. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the impact of the following clinico‐pathological parameters on patient survival: number of resected LNs, number of positive LNs, LN density (defined as the ratio of the number of positive LNs divided by the total number of resected LNs) and adjuvant chemotherapy.Results:  Median follow‐up for surviving patients was 41 months (range 4–138) after surgery. The median survival time for all patients was 22 months (95% confidence interval, 15–42 months). At multivariate analysis, LN density of 25% or less, adjuvant chemotherapy and pure urothelial carcinoma were independently significant predictors of survival.Conclusions:  Lymph node density predicts survival in patients with node‐positive bladder cancer.
Stage‐specific effect of nodal metastases on survival in patients with non‐metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Capitanio Umberto , Jeldres Claudio , Patard Jean‐Jacques , Perrotte Paul , Zini Laurent , De La Taille Alexandre , Ficarra Vincenzo , Cindolo Luca , Bensalah Karim , Artibani Walter , Tostain Jacques , Valeri Antoine , Zigeuner Richard , Méjean Arnaud , Descotes Jean Luc , Lechevallier Eric , Mulders Peter F. , Lang Herve , Jacqmin Didier , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVETo quantify the survival disadvantage related to the presence of exclusive nodal metastases (eNM) in patients with otherwise non‐metastatic (M0) renal cell carcinoma (RCC).PATIENTS AND METHODSData were retrieved from 12 institutional databases and yielded 3507 patients with T1‐3N1‐2M0 RCC treated with partial or radical nephrectomy. Cox regression analyses relied on T stage, Fuhrman grade and presence of eNM. Data were analysed using univariable, multivariable and stratified analyses.RESULTSOverall 165 (4.7%) patients had eNM; of 2023 patients of stage T1, 23 (1.1%) had eNM, vs 20 of 448 (4.5%) for T2 and 122 of 993 (12.3%) for T3. In univariable analyses the presence of eNM increased the rate of cancer specific mortality (CSM) by 7.1 times. After adjusting for T stage and Fuhrman grade, in all patients eNM increased the rate of CSM by 3.2 times. In stratified analyses adjusted for Fuhrman grade, the increase in CSM related to the presence of eNM was 28.9, 4.3 and 2.5 times (all P < 0.001) for stages T1, T2 and T3, respectively.CONCLUSIONSFrom the prognostic perspective, staging lymphadenectomy appears of most value in patients with T1‐2 RCC, but the low prevalence of eNM questions the practical applicability of nodal staging in those patients. Conversely, in patients with T3 RCC, the prevalence and the prognostic impact of eNM might make a staging lymphadenectomy worthwhile.
Efficiency of endoscopic treatment for vesico‐ureteric reflux in adults
Authors: Arce Jacobo , Angerri Oriol , Caffaratti Jorge , Garat José Maria , Villavicencio Humberto 
Published: December 2008

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the results of our experience with endoscopic management of vesico‐ureteric reflux (VUR) in adults, and to describe factors and complications that might contribute to the failure of the technique.PATIENTS AND METHODSBetween 1992 and 2006, 21 patients (17 women and four men; mean age 32.1 years, sd 15.6) had endoscopic treatment for VUR (14 unilateral and seven bilateral ureteric units, UU). Patients previously operated for VUR were excluded. The VUR grades were II, III, IV and V in 10, 12, five and one UUs, respectively. The main indication for treatment was a history of repeated episodes of acute pyelonephritis (61%). Complications after surgery were evaluated.RESULTSThe success rate of the first endoscopic treatment was 69%, and was 81% after the second. Two UUs with grade IV VUR were endoscopically managed for a third time with complete resolution. Only one UU with grade V VUR required open surgery. The success rate for VUR grades II, III and IV after the first treatment was five of eight, 12/12 and one of five, respectively. After the second treatment the success rate increased to seven of eight and two of five for grades II and IV, respectively. There were no complications related to the intervention. Factors related to a failure of technique were duplex ureter and dysfunctional voiding in eight UUs (seven patients).CONCLUSIONSThe endoscopic management of VUR in previously untreated adult patients is a simple and efficient technique, with low comorbidity.
A Geocomputational Heuristic for Coverage Maximization in Service Facility Siting
Authors: Murray Alan T , Matisziw Timothy C , Wei Hu , Tong Daoqin 
Published: December 2008

AbstractSiting service facilities in order to maximize regional coverage is important when budget resources are limited. Various approaches exist for addressing this particular planning problem for discrete or continuous representations of potential facility sites and demand to be served. In cases where both candidate facility sites and service demand are continuous, approaches for maximizing regional coverage have only examined the siting of a single facility. In this article, a geocomputational approach is proposed for addressing multiple facility siting when demand is continuously distributed and facilities may be located anywhere in the region. Emergency warning siren location is used to highlight the developed approach.
Determining Semantic Similarity of Behaviour Using Natural Semantic Metalanguage to Match User Objectives to Available Web Services
Authors: Stock Kristin 
Published: December 2008

AbstractNatural Semantic Metalanguage specifies a set of semantic primitives identified by linguists since the 1970s as being present in all analysed languages and not capable of further reduction. In this article, the 63 semantic primitives are used to define the semantics of user objectives and web services in the form of semantic explications, which are then compared to determine whether the web services are likely to be helpful in meeting the user objective. The comparison of the user objectives and web services is a two stage process. Firstly, the content is compared by classifying the semantic primitives from the candidate web service and user objective on the basis of whether the primitives are common or similar. On the basis of these classifications, the percentage match and semantic relationship (subset, superset, overlaps, disjoint, identical) are determined. Secondly, the order of the semantic primitives is compared and the edit distance determined as a measure of semantic similarity. The method is tested using two examples: a comparison of spatial relations and a comparison of a user objective and three geospatial web services. The results show that the method is able to determine which concepts are broadly semantically similar and which are not.
The Creation of a National Agricultural Land Use Dataset: Combining Pycnophylactic Interpolation with Dasymetric Mapping Techniques
Authors: Comber Alexis , Proctor Chris , Anthony Steve 
Published: December 2008

AbstractAgricultural Census data is summarised over spatially coarse reporting units for reasons of farm confidentiality. This is problematic for research at a local level. This article describes an approach combining dasymetric and volume preserving techniques to create a national land use dataset at 1 km2resolution. The results for an English county are compared with contemporaneous aggregated habitat data. The results show that the accurate estimates of local agricultural land use (Arable and Grass) patterns can be estimated when individual 1 km squares are combined into blocks of > 9 squares, thereby providing local estimates of agricultural land use. This in turn allows more detailed modelling of land uses related to specific livestock and cropping activities. The dataset created by this work has been subject to extensive external validation through its incorporation into a number of other national models: nitrate leaching (e.g. MAGPIE, NEAP‐N), waste, and pathogen modelling related to agricultural activity.
Developing a Performance Measurement System for University Central Administrative Services
Authors: Arena Marika , Arnaboldi Michela , Azzone Giovanni , Carlucci Paola 
Published: December 2008

AbstractCentral administrative services have recently received increasing attention from practitioners and academics due to the challenging need to both manage scarce resources and provide high‐quality services. In this context, performance measurement systems (PMSs) may assume a central role, although an unresolved debate remains on the claimed benefits of accountability and the difficulties that have emerged in defining and managing proper measures. This paper contributes to this debate by presenting the results of a study in which a PMS for central administrative services has been developed and tested through an action research approach drawing on actor network theory. The experiment was carried out in 15 Italian universities and five areas of services were dealt with: student support, research support, accounting, human resources, and logistics and procurement. The highly participative method resulted in a comparable system with a complete set of cost and quality indicators across the participating universities. These data proved to be useful at managerial and policy level, providing insights on the presence of scale effects and on the relative importance of quality dimensions for users of services. Participating in the project encouraged the university staff to use indicators in decision making.
Differential diagnosis of dementia in the field of learning disabilities: a case study
Authors: Bell Dorothy M. , Turnbull Allyson , Bruce Kidd W. 
Published: December 2008

Accessible summary

As people get older, many are not able to move as quickly as they used to and many find it harder to think about how to sort their problems.
Sometimes people develop what is called dementia. If someone has dementia then you may notice changes in their memory or how they behave.
There are a few kinds of dementia – one is called Alzheimer’s dementia; another is called vascular dementia; another is called Lewy Body dementia.
If people have these illnesses they find that gradually they are not as able to do the things they used to. They may forget more things like people’s names or how to make their tea.
There are other illnesses that can look a bit like these dementia illnesses and sometimes it is hard to tell if someone has a dementia illness or if they have some other illness instead of or as well as the dementia.
Many of these illnesses can be helped with medicine or with the right sort of support so it is important to sort out just what it is that is making the problem for the person.
If someone really does have a dementia illness then staff members need to know this so they can help the person. Sometimes this means moving into a different house or having different staff members who understand the difficulties.
Sometimes it is hard to find the right place for a person to live. This is because if they have dementia, then as they get older they may need more and more help.
The man in this paper was not able to speak to people but the writer used something called Talking Mats. When there is an important time in their life when they have to choose what they would like to do, Talking Mats is a way to find what a person wants without them speaking, by using pictures.

SummaryAssessment for a diagnosis of dementia is hard enough under the best possible conditions. There are possible alternative or concomitant diagnoses, such as depression, to consider. However, when the possible dementia concerns a gentleman with severe learning disabilities and with a severe communication disorder then this assessment becomes even more difficult. Still more complications may arise from practical pressures such as general changes in health and hence of support needs; changes in support staff; what housing options are available at the time; and what options are or may be available in anticipation of future needs. This brief case‐study highlights the difficulties and competing pressures that complicate further just such a differential diagnosis.