bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study for the Relative Importance of Characters Contributing to Seed‐Cotton Yield in American and Egyptian Cottons
Authors: Ismail F. M. , Al‐Enani F. A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe path coefficient analysis was employed to determine the contribution of boll number per plant, boll weight and seed index characters to the variation in seed‐cotton yield per plant, in the American and Egyptian cotton varieties; McNair 220 and Giza 75 respectively. Data obtained from yield trials carried out at Fayoum Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, in two growing seasons, 1982 and 1983, were used in this analysis.It was found that boll number per plant had the greatest contribution to seed cotton yield in both American and Egyptian cotton varieties. Selection for number of bolls/plant and boll weight in American Upland cotton accounts for about 75% of the yield. While in Egyptian cotton, number of bolls/plant and boll weight account for about 60% only of yield.The arrangement of the components contributing to plant yield, according to their relative importance in McNair 220 variety was:(1) The direct effect of bolls/plant. (2) The direct effect of boll weight. (3) The joint effect of number of bolls with boll weight. While in Giza 75 variety the arrangement was as follows:(1) The direct effect of number of bolls per plant. (2) The joint effect of number of bolls with boll weight. (3) The direct effect of boll weight.
Studies on some Drought Resistant Traits of Pearl Millet Cultivars and their Association with Grain Production under Natural Drought
Authors: Ali Masood , Patil B. D. , Sinha N. C. , Rawat C. R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of hybrid (BJ 104, MBH 110, CM 46 and GHB 27) and composites (PSB 3, PSB 8, WCC 75 and Local) of pearl‐millet on the soils (pH 7.1, Organic carbon 0.5 %, P2O5 9.6 kg/ha, K2O 80 kg/ha, soil depth 65 cm and profile moisture 8.6 cm) of Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi under extreme drought condition (340 mm total precipitation during the crop season). It was observed that hybrids, by and large, gave higher production than composites and local variety even failed to bloom. Further the highest yield from hybrid MBH 110 was due to its drought escaping character (earliness), drought enduring capacity (CSI‐12), efficient translocation and better sink strength. BJ 104 and CM 46, though were also drought escaping and possessed capacity to endure drought but inferior to MBH 110 in sink strength which was ultimately reflected in production.An appraisal of the various agro‐physiological traits revealed that earliness, high harvest index, low CSI value (chlorophyll stability index) and high sink strength were directly correlated with productivity of cultivars under drought condition which could be used as a guide lines for breeding drought resistant cultivars of pearl millet.
Anbau schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb – Voraussetzungen, Leistungen, Perspektiven*)
Authors: Weisgerber H. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCultivation of fast growing tree species in short rotations — requirements, results, prospectsSince 1976 tests have been carried out to examine the growing behaviour of different tree species in short rotation periods. The object is to achieve the greatest possible biomass production in a period of 2 to roughly 12 years by using fully mechanized work methods and the regenerative ability of the plants (coppice, suckers) for the subsequent rotations. In view of overproduction of foodstuffs and serious agricultural marketing problems the new form of land use might be regarded by the landowner as an attractive supplement or alternative to classical agriculture for any chosen length of time.All aspects which are important for the practical use of the biomass production method are discussed and results so far available are given: site and clone specific suitability, planting, tending and harvesting measures, use of the raw material created and management calculations. First analysis of Yield and costs show promising results. Particularly in the field of energy economy the biomass production seems to be profitable and could be of high benefit for agriculture.
Effects of Limited Border and Harvest Rows and Interplanting Cultivars on Yields of Field‐Grown Soybeans*
Authors: Evans L. S. , Lewin K. F. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractUnder some experimental conditions it may be necessary to limit the area of field experimentation but still provide a large number of treatment replicates. This situation is germane when relatively expensive facilities for treatment application are necessary. Under such conditions researchers may want to (1) restrict the number of border and treatment rows and (2) combine several cultivars of one crop within the same treatment plot. Results of experiments conducted to test the effect of these actions on seed yields of commercial soybean cultivars indicate that with narrow row spacing at least two border rows are necessary to reduce border effects on yield to less than 10%. Also, it is shown that when rows of different varieties are placed adjacent to each other in the same plot, yield interactions may occur. These results suggest that there are practical limits to how small an individual plot may be and that preliminary studies to determine cultivar interactions should be performed prior to implementation of experimental designs which incorporate cultivar interplanting procedures. Nevertheless, the use of small plots and interplanting may be effective methods of experimentation when space is limited.
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Production under Mulch and Trickle Irrigation in the Jordan Valley
Authors: Ghawi I. , Battikhi A. M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWatermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) is one of the major irrigated vegetables in the Jordan Valley. Watermelon production has increased in the last few years with the introduction of trickle irrigation and plastic mulching, especially in the highlands.In this experiment it is intended to study the effects of different plastic mulching on crop water use and on yields of watermelon. Soil temperature data was also collected in an attempt to study its fluctuation and degree of change under different mulching. Also studied were the root density and distribution.Results indicate significant differences in water applied and in yields between treatments. Highest yield (average = 55.3 MT/HA) was obtained under transparent mulch and with average total water supply of 44.3 cm. Whereas under black mulch an average yield of 13.3 MT/HA was obtained although 40.1 cm total water was applied. Under no mulch, only 10.4 MT/HA was obtained with a highest total water supply of 51.2 cm. Root distribution and density did not show any significant differences.Soil temperature under mulched treatments were higher than those non‐mulched. Heat units determined showed no big difference between transparent and black mulched treatments.
Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus Fertilization and Growth Regulators on Cotton Yield and Fiber Properties
Authors: Sawan Z. M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTwo experiments were carried out at Giza Agric. Res. St., Agric. Res. Centre, Mins. of Agric., Egypt, during 1981 and 1982 seasons on cotton cultivar Giza 75 (Gossypium barbadense L.), to investigate the influence of nitrogen rates (72, 144 or 216 kg N/ha), phosphorus rates (36 or 72 kg P2O5/ha) and three growth regulators, i.e. indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) or 1 naphthalen acetic acid (NAA), each was sprayed with 10 ppm at three times 70, 85 and 100 days after sowing, on yield components, cotton yield and fiber properties. The design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks with four replications.The data obtained showed that, the number of bolls/plant, boll weight, seed index, seed cotton yield/plant and seed cotton and lint yield/ha increased by increasing N rates and under the application of IAA, IBA or NAA. Lint index increased by applying the growth regulators, while it was not affected by N rates. Lint percentage decreased by raising N level, whereas it was not affected by the growth regulators. The number of bolls and seed cotton yield/plant, seed cotton and lint yield/ha increased, while the other yield components were not affected with the increase in the added P. In general, all the fiber properties tended to improve slightly by applying the three growth regulators.
Der Einfluß des Nutzungszeitpunktes auf die Effizienz von Mähweidenachsaaten
Authors: von Boberfeld W. Opitz 
Published: April 2008

Abstract Efficiency of pasture overseedings as influenced by the date of utilization Lolieten have a wide range of distribution. High intensity of fertilization lowers the persistence of Lolium perenne. Therefore in intensive pasture management the overseeding of Lolium perenne has gained importance. Many of the aspects with overseeding have been experimentally treated. However, up to now the influence of the date utilization overseeding on the efficiency has not been investigated thoroughly polyfactorial approach. For this reason experiments related to this subject were initiated. They demonstrated that the date of utilization of overseeded Lolieten are of profound importance for the success of overseeding. The alteration within the species‐specific yield fractions anticipated by overseeding will require a period of more than one season.
Yield Variation of Soybeans in Hawaii
Authors: Beard B. H. , Geng Shu , Hartmann R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIn Hawaii, soybeans planted in November through January will produce yields of 25 to 50 percent compared with those planted through June. Yield components were studied for several soybean cultivars to determine which one was the most sensitive to planting dates and if there were differences between cultivars.Soybean cultivars, Amsoy 71, Davis, Forrest, Kahala, P.I. 297,550, and Williams were planted each month for two years. One November planting was lost, so there were 23 tests representing different environments. Each test consisted of 24 plots, six cultivars in four replications in a randomized block.Analysis of variance of combined tests indicated significant differences between number of plants, pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight, yield of seed, plant height, and oil content of the seed that were due to data of planting, cultivar, and date × cultivar interaction.Regression analysis indicated a closer relationship between pods per plant and yield during stress conditions (November through January plantings), whereas number of seeds per pod was more closely associated with yield during non‐stress environments (April through June plantings).
Competition between Grasses during Establishment and Early Growth II. Effects of Early Germination in Determining Competition Relationships
Authors: Sangakkara U. R. , Roberts E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe effect of early germination in determining the competitive relationships between Grasslands Nui perennial ryegrass, Grasslands Matua prairie grass and Grasslands Apanui cocksfoot was determined by making up micro swards with seedlings obtained from seeds sown at the same time transplanted according to the replacement series principle. The results illustrated that early emergence had no apparent effect in determining the competitive hierarchy established between these species. The competitive relationships seem to be determined by initial seedling size and the capacity to accumulate greater quantities of dry matter. The species were also seen to compete for similar growth resources during the establishment phase.
Chlorophyll Content, Hill Reaction and PEPcase Activity in Relation to Hybrid Vigour in Pearl Millet during Early Seedling Growth
Authors: Joshi A. K. , Chanda S. V. , Krishnan P. N. , Vaishnav P. P. , Singh Y. D. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThree hybrids of Pennisetum americanum L. Leeke were analyzed for growth and photosynthetic components during early growth and compared with their respective parents. Growth in terms of shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight along with the chlorophylls, and Hill activity revealed better parental and/or mid parental heterosis in all the hybrids over their respective parents. However, PEPcase activity displayed heterosis only in BJ‐104. In other two hybrids no heterosis over the parents could be observed indicating thereby that the activity of this enzyme may not be rate limiting in parental lines.Nevertheless, it appears that in pearl millet hybrids improved photosynthetic apparatus as observed in chlorophyll contents and Hill reaction may be one of the early expressions of hybrid vigour.
Effect of Sources and Levels of Zinc on the Yield and Composition of Rice (Oryza sativa) on Alfisol under Field Condition
Authors: Bansal K. N. , Patel K. C. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSignificant increase in yield of rice and straw was obtained with zinc application during two years of experimentation. Among different sources tried, zinc sulphate proved better. An increase in the concentration and uptake of zinc and nitrogen was found with the application of zinc, whereas there was a reverse trend in the concentration and uptake of phosphorus and potassium.
Sensitivity of Corn, Oats, Peanuts, Rice, Rye, Sorghum, Soybean and Tobacco to UV‐B Radiation under Growth Chamber Conditions
Authors: Basiouny Fouad M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractSensitivity of different agronomic crops to UV‐B radiation was studied under environmentally controlled conditions. UV‐B radiation reduced plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and ash contents. The reduction varied among the different species tested. Narrow‐leaved plants (mainly C4) were less sensitive to UV‐B than broad‐leaved plants (mainly C3).
Effects of Population on Physiological Growth Parameters of Pigeonpea Genotypes in Sole and Intercropped Stand with Sorghum CO 22
Authors: Madhavan M. , Shanmugasundaram V. S. , Palaniappan Sp. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA field experiment was conducted during khariff 1984 in sandy clay loam soil under irrigated condition at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, with a view (i) to find out the possibility of introducing short duration dwarf variety of sorghum CO 22 as an intercrop with pigeonpea genotypes, (ii) to study the effect of different plant population levels and intercropping of sorghum CO 22 on pigeonpea genotypes, and (iii) to find out compatible pigeonpea genotypes and plant population level for pigeonpea based intercropping system with sorghum CO 22.It was observed that increased plant density significantly increased the dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) during early stages and reduced the net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR) and CCR during later part of the growth. Intercropping of sorghum CO 22 significantly reduced the dry matter production LAI, CGR, NAR and RGR. Plants in the intercropped stands recorded higher CGR, NAR and RGR during later part of the growth. Among pigeonpea genotypes CO 5 was much affected due to intercropping with sorghum CO 22.
Multivariate Extension of Griffing's Diallel Analysis
Authors: Lin Deguang , Geng Shu 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDiallel‐cross designs have been used extensively in plant and animal breeding programs. In most cases, multiple traits are measured in the study, but the analyses are performed on each trait separately. The objective of this paper is to provide an alternative multivariate procedure so that the combining abilities among traits can be evaluated simultaneously and the interaction of combining ability and traits can be tested statistically.Numerical example is provided from data of a rice study. Three characters, panicles per plant, percent sterility, and 100 kernel weight were used in the analysis. Results showed that some parental lines with greater combining abilities in one trait may not be so good in another trait. Also certain crosses may be better for one trait but not necessarily as good for other traits.
Morphogenetic Effects of Different Mineral N‐compounds on Roots of Maize (Zea mays L.), Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.)
Authors: Geisler G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPlants of maize (Zea mays L.), spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and broad bean (Vicia faba L.) were raised in tubes filled with a soil‐sand mixture and supplied with nutrient solution. The nutrient supply was varied with regard to concentration and typ of compound of “N”. Due to the relatively high concentrations of “N”, dry matter of shoots and roots was reduced in comparison to the control; root morphology was affected in terms of root length and root thickness. The N‐compounds, used in the experiment, exerted quantitatively different influences on dry matter production and root morphology, NH4NO3 being the N‐form which had the weakest detrimental effects. There was no specific response to NH+4 or NO−3 but a strong influence could be shown for NH4Cl and NaNO3. Probably not only the concentration of “N” and the form of “N” have a specific influence, but also the cations and anions associated with the N‐containing ion are effective.
Effect of Foliar Fertilizers on the Growth of Soybean Cultivars1
Authors: Woon C. K. , Porter O. A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFoliar fertilizers (FF) applied at the reproductive growth stage was reported to increase soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) yield in field trials. But yield increases have not been consistent. Field experiments were conducted on Calloway silt loam soil in 1981—1982 to determine the effect of two foliar fertilizer (FF) formulations, 16N + 4P + 4K + 1 S (Hanway) and 12 N + 4 P + 4 K + 0.5 S (Folian), and time of application, 0800‐ and 1900‐h, on the growth of seven soybean cultivars from maturity groups V, VI, and VII. Foliar fertilizers were applied at a rate of 187 L/ha−1 in water by a backpack CO2 pressure sprayer at R5 to R6 growth stages. Foliar fertilizers caused no crop injury (leaf burn) when applied at 1900‐h but caused moderate injury at 0800‐h, which caused a yield reduction. The most significant crop injury was caused by Hanway formulation when applied at 0800‐h. Yields were significantly reduced by FF in 1981 but not in 1982. Generally, Folian formulation treatments had higher yields than Hanway formulation treatments, but neither formulation increased yield above that of the untreated plants. The Bragg cultivar exhibited the least amount of crop injury and the most positive yield response to FF. Plant height, 100‐seed weight and lodging rates were not adversely affected by the foliar applications. Due to the general lack of consistent yield increases or in some instances yield reduction from FF applications, the formulations used cannot be recommended for use by soybean producers.
Studies on Blended Urea for Nitrogen Economy in Grain Sorghum
Authors: More S. D. , Birajdar K. B. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA field experiment was conducted with sorghum variety CSH‐9 in kharif season of 1983 and 1984 to find out the efficiency of coated urea fertilizers over urea alone. The coated urea fertilizers used were neem cake coated urea, neem extract coated urea, coaltar coated urea, 10% didin coated urea along with ordinary urea. Four rates of urea application viz 50, 100, 125 kg N/ha were used along with control in single and split application.The dry matter yield was recorded to be higher with ordinary urea at initial growth stage of sorghum. However the coated urea fertilizers recorded more dry matter at advancing growth stages. The dry matter accumulation increased with increasing N rates. Split application of N registered higher dry matter. The grain yield was increased due to coating of fertilizers. The neem cake coated urea and 10 % didin coated urea produced highest grain yield which was about 1.5 times more over urea alone. The grain and fodder yields were increased with increasing N rates, the highest yields being with 120 kg N/ha application. N concentration in plant was decreased with advancing growth stage. The concentration, uptake and N recovery were highest with 10% didin coated urea in 1984 and with neem cake urea in 1983. Coated urea fertilizers and split application of N resulted in increasing the N use efficiency over single application.
Futterqualität und Leistung von Napier‐und Paragras (Pennisetum purpureum bzw. Brachiaria mutica) unter Schnittnutzung und Beweidung mit Sahiwal‐und Kreuzungsrindern auf “upland” im District Dacca/Bangladesh
Authors: Krischke H. , Voigtländer G. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract Forage quality and performance of Napier and Para grass (Pennisetum purpureum and Brachiaria mutica, resp.) cut or grazed with Sahiwal and crossed cattle on upland in the Dacca district, Bangladesh Napier and Para grass were compared with respect to important quality parameters for two years and in a rotational grazing experiment using 30 two‐years‐old heifers.Napier grass had a higher in‐vitro‐digestibility of organic matter (IVDOM) than Para grass. 77% of IVDOM variance was explained by the lignin contents, 88 % by lignin and ash contents. Accordingly a high correlation existed between lignin contents and IVDOM (r =−0.86; p 0,001).The estimation of starch units resulted in higher precision by including the lignin contents in the regression equations compared with crude fibre contents alone.Crude protein, crude fibre and magnesium contents were similar, while Napier grass contained substantially more P, K and Ca, but far less Na.In the grazing experiment on average of both years Napier grass produced 64 % of the plant yield of Para grass, but reached 80 % of the animal production. Of the forage offered by Napier grass and Para grass 85 and 67,5 %, respectively, was converted into animal production. Therefore the weight increase (kg/ha) produced by Napier grass amounted to 90 % of the groups grazing Para grass. Daily gain averaged over both grass species and experimental years reached 440 g/heifer in the Holstein‐Friesian group, 410 g with Sahiwal and 370 g with Jersey cattle.
Effect of Boll Age and Harvesting Period on Fiber Properties of Egyptian and Upland Cotton Cultivars
Authors: Ismail F. M. , Hegab A. A. T. , Mahgoub M. A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe physical properties of cotton fibers for the successive age of development were studied in three different periods. Three cultivars of Egyptian and Upland cottons; Giza 75, McNair 220 and Tamcot H. 37, were planted at Fayoum Experiment Farm, Faculty of Agriculture in 1984 season. Fiber properties were studied on samples obtained from five successive stages of boll development in three different periods. Data obtained revealed that fibers from both Egyptian and Upland cultivars showed substantial increment in micronaire reading up to 42 days after flowering. Micronaire reading showed a trend similar to fiber maturity percentage in studied cultivars.Within each period, fibers tended to be stronger, more extensible, tougher and have higher stiffness with the increase in boll age. The rate of increment in the successive boll ages for fiber strength and elongation characters were markedly higher in the Egyptian cultivar than the American upland cultivars, especially in the younger boll ages. Fiber length was slightly affected by the environment growth conditions. However, the increase in fiber length was progressive from the age of 21 days up to the age of 35 days.