bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The participation of the Na+–Ca2+ exchanger in primary cardiac myofibroblast migration, contraction, and proliferation
Authors: Raizman Joshua E. , Komljenovic Jelena , Chang Rose , Deng Cicie , Bedosky Kristen M. , Rattan Sunil G. , Cunnington Ryan H. , Freed Darren H. , Dixon Ian M.C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractCardiac ventricular myofibroblast motility, proliferation, and contraction contribute to post‐myocardial infarct wound healing, infarct scar formation, and remodeling of the ventricle remote to the site of infarction. The Na+–Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) is involved in altered calcium handling in cardiac myocytes during cardiac remodeling associated with heart failure, however, its role in cardiac myofibroblast cell function is unexplored. In this study we investigated the involvement of NCX1 as well as the role of non‐selective‐cation channels (NSCC) in cardiac myofibroblast cell function in vitro. Immunofluorescence and Western blots revealed that P1 cells upregulate α‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and embryonic smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMemb) expression. NCX1 mRNA and proteins as well as Cav1.2a protein are also expressed in P1 myofibroblasts. Myofibroblast motility in the presence of 50 ng/ml PDGF‐BB was blocked with AG1296. Myofibroblast motility, contraction, and proliferation were sensitive to KB‐R7943, a specific NCX1 reverse‐mode inhibitor. In contrast, only proliferation and contraction, but not motility were sensitive to nifedipine, while gadolinium (NSCC blocker) was only associated with decreased motility. ML‐7 treatment was associated with inhibition of the chemotactic response and contraction. Thus cardiac myofibroblast chemotaxis, contraction, and proliferation were sensitive to different pharmacologic treatments suggesting that regulation of transplasmalemmal calcium movements may be important in growth factor receptor‐mediated processes. NCX1 may represent an important moiety in suppression of myofibroblast functions. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 540–551, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
In vitro generation of superoxide anion by the hemocytes of Macrobrachium rosenbergii: possible mechanism and pathways
Authors: Vidya Natarajan , Thiagarajan Raman , Arumugam Munusamy 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe hemocytes from the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii were examined for their ability to generate superoxide anion (O2−) in vitro upon exposure to various components derived from microbial cell wall components. Among the test molecules, laminarin (a polymer of β‐1, 3 glucans), mannan and LPS from five different bacterial species produced a differential response in terms of stimulated O2− production in prawn hemocytes, suggesting the ability of the hemocytes to differentiate non‐self. This response was almost completely inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) suggesting SOD‐inhibitable O2− generation by prawn hemocytes. Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) and Ca ionophore led to enhanced O2− generation by the hemocytes and this suggests the possible role of protein kinase C and Ca2+ ions in such generation. Cytochemical analysis using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)‐staining revealed the importance of granular hemocytes in O2− generation in these prawns. Inhibition of O2− generation by inhibitors of NADPH‐oxidase and phenoloxidase pathways clearly reveal the involvement of two different pathways in non‐self stimulated O2− generation by the prawn hemocytes. These findings demonstrate the importance of O2− generation and role of possible pathways in hemocyte mediated cellular immune response of a crustacean. J. Exp. Zool. 307A:383–396, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of a new chiral stationary phase for HPLC based on the (R)‐ 1‐phenyl‐2‐(4‐methylphenyl)ethylamine amide derivative of (S)‐valine and 2‐chloro‐3,5‐dinitrobenzoic acid: Enantioseparation of amino acid derivatives and pyrethroid insecticides
Authors: Tan Xulin , Hou Shicong , Jiang Jingli , Wang Min 
Published: May 2007

AbstractA novel chiral stationary phase (CSP) for HPLC was prepared by bonding (R)‐1‐phenyl‐2‐(4‐methylphenyl)ethylamine amide derivative of (S)‐valine to aminopropyl silica gel through a 2‐amino‐3,5‐dinitro‐1‐carboxamido‐benzene unit. The CSP was used for the separation of some amino acid derivatives and pyrethroid insecticides by chiral HPLC. Satisfactory baseline separation required optimization of the variables of mobile phase composition. Use of dichloromethane as modifier in the mobile phase gave baseline separations of amino acid derivatives. The two enantiomers of fenpropathrin and four stereoisomers of fenvalerate were baseline separated using hexane‐dichloromethane‐ethanol as mobile phase. The results show that the enantioselectivity of the new CSP is better than Pirkle type 1‐A column for these compounds. Only partial separations were observed for the stereoisomers of cypermethrin and cyfluthrin, which gave even and eight peaks, respectively.
Volumetric Changes of Randomly Crosslinked Model Networks
Authors: Hörstermann Henning , Hentschke Reinhard 
Published: May 2007

AbstractEquilibrium P–V–T properties of randomly crosslinked amorphous polymer networks are modeled via molecular dynamics simulation for connectivity ratios between 1.0 and 1.5. The relation between connectivity ratio and network shrinkage is studied over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. The simulation results are compared to a mean‐field Flory–Huggins lattice model.magnified image
Employee involvement programs: Will “win/win” work?
Authors: Clark Susan G. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractManagers see participatory quality circles as a productivity booster; unions and employee activists view them as a morale and job‐satisfaction enhancer. Although productivity and quality improvement are the responsibility of management, employee‐involvement approaches — such as quality circles — place much of that burden in the laps of employees. What's in it for employees? The answer to that question will determine whether “win/win” will work.
Local organizations and community development: energizing the system
Authors: Gittell Marilyn , Rogowsky Edward T. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe American political process has long been marked by the active role of community and grass‐roots organizations. In spite of continued concentration of power at formal levels of government, local and community institutions remain 1) the focus of citizen Involvement 2) the direct providers of services and the advocates of local interests, and 3) frequently the only representatives of lowincome and minority populations, and women. Their record must be preserved and their role reinvigorated.
Overview: Rethinking politics
Authors: Boyte Harry C. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractReflection on the traditional role of the town commons as a focal point of public Involvement for citizens underscores the crisis our democratic institutions face: A too restrictive definition of citizenship has reduced public involvement to the mere casting of ballots, and the political role of the citizen to the mere consumption of campaign rhetoric. We must restore institutions of public involvement and strengthen the connections between individual citizens and the broader community.
Beyond the melting pot. Preserving culture, building community
Authors: Derienzo Harold 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe notion of assimilation is antithetical to participatory self‐government in that it denies the potential contributions of diverse cultural perspectives, submerging them within the broader context of political majorities and stripping them of meaning. The key of inter‐cultural co‐existence through participatory democracy is the recognition of culture as the essence of human endeavor, expressed in respect, recognition of differences, and inclusion.
Whither or whether the american dream?
Authors: Kaplan Marshall 
Published: May 2007

AbstractTraditional American values — among them equality, fellowship and commitment to the common good — however illusory or idealistic they may at tiems have seemed, nonetheless constituted the “social glue” that has permitted us to mobilize as a people throughout our history. Our collective future is thretaenedby our inability to speak responsibly of the public interest.
Structure and properties of α‐cyclo[N]thiophenes as potential electronic materials – a theoretical study
Authors: Fabian Jürgen , Hartmann Horst 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations of ring‐shaped α‐cyclo[N]thiophenes with N = 2 to N = 18 have been performed for ideal structures of high symmetry (point groups Cnv and Dnh) and for optimum energy structures of lower symmetry (D2d, Cs, C2v, Ci or C1). Whereas the first three members of the series behave exceptionally the higher members are typical cyclothiophenes consisting of weakly interacting thiophene rings. In contrast to neutral compounds, cations and dications of cyclothiophenes with N ≥5 exhibit pronounced electron delocalizations along the carbon backbone. However, if the functional B3LYP is replaced by BH cations of large ring‐size cations show polaron‐type charge defects. According to broken symmetry DFT calculations dications with N = 14 and N = 18 have biradical character. These structures correspond to two‐polaron‐type structures rather than to dipolarons. The calculated vertical ionization energies of cyclo[N]thiophene are comparable with those of oligo[N]thiophenes of the same number of thiophene rings but the calculated absolute energies are probably too low at large ring size. Cyclothiophenes absorb light of lower energies than the related oligothiophenes. Cyclothiophenes belong to the strongly absorbing organic chromophores. In case of high molecular symmetry some of the excited states of cyclothiophenes are degenerate. The degeneracy is lifted with lower symmetries but the general absorption feature remains. The theoretical results are discussed with respect to recent experimental findings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and properties of fluorine‐containing poly(aryl ether oxadiazole)s
Authors: Sato Natsuko , Tanaka Ken , Masaki Shunsuke , Yamazaki Shinichi , Kimura Kunio , Nishichi Ai 
Published: May 2007

AbstractFluorine‐containing poly(aryl ether 1,3,4‐ozadiazole)s were synthesized by the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of 2,5‐bis(2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorophenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole and various bisphenols in the presence of potassium carbonate. The polymerizations were carried out at 30 °C in 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone to avoid the gelation caused by a crosslinking reaction atparaandorthocarbons to the 1,3,4‐oxidiazole ring. The obtained polymers were allpara‐connected linear structures. The obtained fluorine‐containing poly(aryl ether 1,3,4‐ozadiazole)s showed excellent solubility and afforded tough, transparent films by the solution‐casting method. They also exhibited a high glass transition temperature depending on the molecular structure, and the glass transition temperature could be controlled by the bisphenols in the range of 157–257 °C. They showed good thermal stability and excellent hydrophobicity due to the incorporation of the 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐1,4‐phenylene moiety. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2855–2866, 2007
Magnetic properties of screen‐printed (Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 magnet arrays
Authors: Bueno‐Baques D. , Maldonado‐Chavéz L. , Hidalgo‐González J. L. , Corral‐Flores V. , Matutes‐Aquino J. A. 
Published: May 2007

Abstract(Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 magnet arrays of square μdots of 300 μm were prepared by screen printing. A well controlled paste like ink prepared with the (Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 nanoparticles and a mixture of organic solvent and polymer was used to print different pattern arrays. (Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 nanoparticles were obtained by mechanical milling starting from arc melted ingots and heat treated in Ar atmosphere. Two different heat treatment were considered, resulting in powders with different magnetic properties. The microstructure of the magnet arrays was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An isotropic homogeneous distribution of the nanoparticles inside the μdots was observed. The final shape of the μdots in the array was found to be highly dependent on the squeeze pressure and speed over the mesh. Magnetic properties were studied by pulsed field magnetometry and vibrating sample magnetometry at room temperature. The micro size arrays showed lower saturation magnetization and a slightly increase in the coercive field. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Complete matchings in random subgraphs of the cube
Authors: Bollobás Béla 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn this article it is shown that for almost every random cube process the hitting time of a complete matching equals the hitting time of having minimal degree (at least) one and also the hitting time of connectedness. It follows from this that if t = (n + c + o(1))2n−2 for some constant c, then the probability that a random subgraph of the n‐cube having precisely t edges has a complete matching tends to e.
The number of spanning trees in regular graphs
Authors: Alon Noga 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLet C(G) denote the number of spanning trees of a graph G. It is shown that there is a function ϵ(k) that tends to zero as k tends to infinity such that for every connected, k‐regular simple graph G on n vertices C(G) = {k[1 − δ(G)]}n. where 0 ≤ δ(G) ≤ ϵ(k).
Estimates for distributions of the Voronoi polygon's geometric characteristics
Authors: Zuyev S. A. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractAn exponential upper bound on the distribution of the Voronoi polygon having n hyperfaces is proved. Using a new integral formula for the Poisson process, the conditional distribution of volume of the fundamental region given n is found to be gamma distribution. This yields an upper bound on distribution of the polygon's volume.
Rainbow subgraphs in properly edge‐colored graphs
Authors: Rödl Vojtech , Tuza Zsolt 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe prove that there exist graphs G with arbitrarily large girth such that every proper edge coloring of G contains a rainbow cycle (i.e., a cycle having no pair of monochromatic edges). This answers a problem raised by J. Spencer more than 10 years ago.
Multidimensional digital searching—alternative data structures
Authors: Kirschenhofer Peter , Prodinger Helmut 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe analyze the average cost of partial match queries in M‐dimensional Digital Search Trees and Patricia Tries. Our results allow a precise comparison of the average behavior of these data structures with the M‐dimensional Tries studied by Flajolet and Puech [J. Assoc. Comput. Mach., 33, 371–407 (1986)]. It turns out that Patricia is superior to Digital Search Tres, the latter ones being superior to Tries. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Expected hitting and cover times of random walks on some special graphs
Authors: Palacios José Luis 
Published: May 2007

AbstractWe give general bounds (and in some cases exact values) for the expected hitting and cover times of the simple random walk on some special undirected connected graphs using symmetry and properties of electrical networks. In particular we give easy proofs for an N–1HN‐1 lower bound and an N2 upper bound for the cover time of symmetric graphs and for the fact that the cover time of the unit cube is Φ(NlogN). We giver a counterexample to a conjecture of Freidland about a general bound for hitting times. Using the electric approach, we provide some genral upper and lower bounds for the expected cover times in terms of the diameter of the graph. These bounds are tight in many instances, particularly when the graph is a tree. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Über die Faktorisation von Matrizen und ihre Anwendung auf die Lösung von linearen Gleichungssystemen
Authors: Egerváry E. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractJedes homogene lineare Gleichungssystem kann dadurch auf ein äquivalentes System von linear unabhängigen Gleichungen zurückgeführt werden, daß man die Koeffizientenmatrix in zwei Basisfaktoren zerlegt. In der Arbeit wird ein praktisch durchführbarer Faktorisationsalgorithmus entwickelt, welcher die Koeffizientenmatrix des reduzierten Gleichungssystems in dreieckiger Form liefert.
Effect of fatty acid positional distribution and triacylglycerol composition on lipid by‐products formation during heat treatment: III—Cyclic fatty acid monomers study
Authors: Martin J. C. , Lavillonnière F. , Nour M. , Sébédio J. L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe influence of isomeric triacylglycerols (TG) containing 18:3n‐3 and 18:2n‐6 on the formation of cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) after heat treatment was assessed. Diacid TG, containing linoleic acid (L) or linolenic acid (α‐Ln) along with palmitic acid (P), and positioned either in the central position (PLP and PLnP, respectively), or in one of the two outer positions (PPL and PPLn, respectively) were synthesized. Monoacid TG of trilinolein and trilinolenin mixed with tripalmitin were also prepared. The CFAM formed after heating were analyzed after total hydrogenation. The results obtained with the model TG were compared to another model consisting of a canola oil and its randomized counterpart. In diacid TG, the location of α‐Ln in the central position of the TG molecule (PLnP) greatly enhanced the formation of the CFAM upon heating at temperatures below 240°C. On the other hand, 18:3n‐3 in monoacid TG (LnLnLn) was highly resistant to CFAM formation within the same range of temperatures (180–220°C). The TG structure, more than the TG composition, seemed to explain the differences in the CFAM formation between the original canola oil and its interesterified counterpart. Like α‐Ln, 18:2n‐6 was more prone to cyclization when attached at the central position of the model TG. Conversely, the influence of the TG composition on the cyclization rate was less important for L than for α‐Ln. It was concluded that positioning the C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the central position of TG rendered the oils much more sensitive to the cyclization reaction upon heat treatment.
Nondestructive estimation of fatty acid composition in seeds of Brassica napus L. by near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Sato Tetsuo , Uezono Ichiro , Morishita Toshikazu , Tetsuka Takahisa 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe feasibility of near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the nondestructive determination of fatty acid composition in rapeseed was examined. NIR spectra were measured on extracted oil, intact rapeseed kernels, and an intact signle rapeseed with an InfraAlyzer 500 in a syrup cup or a single‐grain cup. NIR spectra were scanned from 1100 to 2500 nm at 2‐nm intervals. As the percentage of linoleic acid increased, the spectral values in the region 1696–1724 nm, where linoleic acid has its absorption band, became always stronger downward in second‐derivative NIR spectra. As the percentage of erucic acid increased the spectral value at 1728 nm, where erucic acid has its absorption band, became always a little bit stronger downward in the second‐derivative NIR spectra. On the basis of their NIR spectral patterns, linoleic acid and erucic acid could be successfully determined in both intact seed kernels and in a single seed of rape without damaging them.
A rapid and simple approach to identify different sunflower oil types by means of near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Velasco Leonardo , Pérez‐Vich BegoɁa , Fernández‐Martínez José M. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThe potential of near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to perform an easy and rapid classification of different sunflower oil types was investigated. A total of 118 oil samples showing large variation in their fatty acid compositions were analyzed by both NIRS and gas‐liquid chromatography (GLC). They were classified into five classes, characterized by (i) high palmitic acid content (>29%), (ii) high palmitic acid in high oleic acid background (>27 and >51%, respectively), (iii) high stearic acid content (>22%), (iv) high oleic acid content (>83%), and (v) standard oil type. Second‐derivative transformation and scatter corrections were applied to the original log (1/R) spectra, and the correlation coefficients between NIRS spectral information and GLC fatty acid values were studied to identify the wavelengths with the best discriminating ability. The use of the spectral data at 2134 nm permitted all the samles with high levels of total saturated fatty acids (>29%, classes i, ii, and iii) to be discriminated from the samples with standard levels (<22%, classes iv and v). The use of a second wavelength, 2192 nm, led to a further separation of the samples with high C18:1 content within each group (classes ii and iv, respectively). Therefore, an accurate discrimination of four of the five sunflower oil types was achieved by using the spectral information at two wavelengths exclusively. The oil samples belonging to classes i and iii could not be separated with this approach, which was explained on the basis of the small spectral differences observed between the two classes.
Parameters affecting diacylglycerol formation during the production of specific‐structured lipids by lipase‐catalyzed interesterification
Authors: Xu X. , Mu H. , Skands A. R. H. , Høy C. E. , Adler‐Nissen J. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDiacylglycerols (DAG) are important intermediates in lipase‐catalyzed interesterification, but a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture results in a high DAG content in the final product. We have previously shown that a high DAG concentration in the reaction mixture increases the degree of acyl migration, thus adding to the formation of by‐products. In the present study we examined the influence of water content, reaction temperature, enzyme load, substrate molar ratio (oil/capric acid), and reaction time on the formation of DAG in batch reactors. We used response surface methodology (RSM) to minimize the numbers of experiments. The DAG content of the product was dependent on all parameters examined except reaction time. DAG formation increased with increasing water content, enzyme load, reaction temperature, and substrate ratio. The content of sn‐1,3‐DAG was higher than that of sn‐1,2‐DAG under all conditions tested, and the ratio between the contents of the former compounds and the latter increased with increasing temperature and reaction time. The water content, enzyme load, and substrate ratio had no significant effect on this ratio. The DAG content was positively correlated with both the incorporation of acyl donors and the degree of acyl migration.