bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ictal vocalizations occur more often in temporal lobe epilepsy with dominant (left‐sided) epileptogenic zone
Authors: Horvath Reka A. , Fogarasi Andras , Schulz Reinhard , Perlaki Gabor , Kalmar Zsuzsa , Tóth Vanda , Kovács Norbert , Ebner Alois , Janszky Jozsef 
Published: December 2008

SummaryObjective: To investigate the lateralization value of ictal vocalizations in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).Methods: We reviewed video‐recordings of 97 patients who had undergone presurgical evaluation programs with video‐EEG (electroencephalography)–recorded complex partial seizures (CPS) and high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients had surgery due to TLE and became seizure‐free. In 57 patients, determination of speech dominance was necessary by using Wada tests or functional MRI (fMRI). To reevaluate the archived seizures, we reviewed one to three consecutively recorded CPS of each patient. Altogether 223 archived seizures were analyzed. Ictal vocalization was considered to be present in a particular patient if it occurred in at least one of the recorded seizures.Results: Ictal vocalizations occurred in 22 patients. They occurred in 37% of left‐sided and in 11% of right‐sided patients with TLE (p = 0.003). In patients with determined speech lateralization, ictal vocalizations occurred in 37% of the dominant and in 14% in patients with nondominant epileptogenic zone (p = 0.04). In patients with ictal vocalizations, epilepsy began at age 8.7 ± 6, whereas in the remaining patients, epilepsy started at age 14.0 ± 9 (p = 0.017). Logistic regression showed that both hemispheric dominance and age at onset were independently associated with pure ictal vocalization (PIV).Conclusions: Ictal vocalization is a frequent phenomenon, occurring in 23% of patients with TLE. It is more often associated with left‐sided and early onset TLE. Our results may improve the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone and suggest that nonspeech vocalizations in humans are related to the dominant (left‐sided) hemisphere. Our study is a further argument that there are different subtypes of TLE depending on the age at onset.
Coexistence of Unverricht‐Lundborg disease and congenital deafness: Molecular resolution of a complex comorbidity
Authors: Kecmanović Miljana , Ristić Aleksandar J. , Sokić Dragoslav , Keckarević‐Marković Milica , Vojvodić Nikola , Ercegovac Marko , Janković Slavko , Keckarević Dušan , Savić‐Pavićević Dušanka , Romac Stanka 
Published: December 2008

SummaryPurpose:  We report on genetic analysis of a complex condition in a Serbian family of four siblings, wherein two had progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) and congenital deafness (CD), one had isolated congenital deafness (ICD), and one was healthy.Methods and Results:  Molecular diagnosis performed by Southern blotting confirmed Unverricht‐Lundborg disease in the available sibling with PME/CD. In the sibling with ICD (heterozygote for expansion mutation in CSTB) we demonstrated recombination event between the D21S2040 marker and the CSTB gene and identified c.207delC (p.T70Xfs) mutation in the fourth exon of the transmembrane protease, serine‐3 (TMPRSS3) gene (maps in close proximity to CSTB), responsible for nonsyndromic deafness in the sibling with PME/CD as well.Discussion:  To the best of our knowledge this is the first genetic confirmation of the coexistence of these two mutations.
Erectile Dysfunction Might Be Associated with Chronic Periodontal Disease: Two Ends of the Cardiovascular Spectrum
Authors: Zadik Yehuda , Bechor Ron , Galor Shay , Justo Dan , Heruti Rafi J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Both chronic periodontal disease (CPD) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are associated with cardiovascular disease and its risk factors, including smoking and diabetes mellitus. However, the association between ED and CPD has never been studied.

Aim
To study the association between ED and CPD.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of ED, prevalence of CPD, ED severity.

Methods:
The study population consisted of 305 men who filled the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) questionnaire in order to detect ED and assess its severity, and underwent a pair of standardized posterior dental bitewing radiographs in order to detect CPD. SHIM questionnaire scores 21 or less represented ED. Alveolar bone loss of ≥6 mm represented CPD.

Results
The mean age of included men was 39.5 ± 6.7 years. Overall, 70 (22.9%) men had ED and 13 (4.3%) had CPD. CPD was significantly more prevalent among men with mild ED (P = 0.004) and moderate to severe ED (P = 0.007) in comparison to men without ED.

Conclusions
ED might be associated with CPD. These preliminary findings are consistent with theories that associate these conditions with systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.
Plasmids Imparting Sulfonamide Resistance in
Escherichia coli
: Implications for Persistence
Authors: Bean David C. , Livermore David M. , Hall Lucinda M. C. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

Sulfonamide resistance remains prevalent among clinical isolates of
Escherichia coli
in the United Kingdom, despite a dramatic (>97%) national decline in the rate of prescription of sulfonamides in the 1990s. To investigate potential mechanisms accounting for this persistence, we characterized plasmids carrying
sul2
, the most prevalent determinant of sulfonamide resistance. Among 33 conjugative and 5 nonconjugative plasmids carrying
sul2
, resistance to other antimicrobial agents was common, but the spectrum of resistance profiles was diverse: 82%, 74%, and 45% carried resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, and trimethoprim, respectively. Resistance to mercury was carried by 33% of the plasmids, but none conferred significant resistance to silver or to any of three disinfectants tested. The potential virulence genes
iutA
(aerobactin system) and
traT
(serum survival) were carried by 21% and 36% of the plasmids, respectively. The 33 conjugative plasmids belonged to five different incompatibility groups, FIB, B/O, I1, K/B, and P (42%, 33%, 9%, 3% and 3%, respectively), with 3 plasmids being unassigned, and to 19 similarity groups on the basis of their restriction profiles. The sequences flanking
sul2
were diverse and suggested more than one mechanism of genetic mobility. The five nonconjugative plasmids were all related to p9123 (pBP1), which was previously found to confer a fitness advantage on its host. We propose that the persistence of
sul2
, despite the reduced rate of prescription of sulfonamides, is due to a combination of coselection by antibiotics still in common use, a lack of a selective disadvantage in
sul2
carriage, and the genetic mobility of
sul2
.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Caspofungin in Neonates and Infants Less than 3 Months of Age
Authors: Sáez-Llorens Xavier , Macias Mercedes , Maiya Padmanabha , Pineros Juan , Jafri Hasan S. , Chatterjee Archana , Ruiz Gloria , Raghavan Janaki , Bradshaw Susan K. , Kartsonis Nicholas A. , Sun Peng , Strohmaier Kim M. , Fallon Marissa , Bi Sheng , Stone Julie A. , Chow Joseph W. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTCandidainfections represent a major threat in neonatal intensive care units. This is the first prospective study to obtain caspofungin plasma levels and safety data for neonates and very young infants. Patients of <3 months of age receiving intravenous amphotericin B for documented or highly suspected candidiasis were enrolled in a single-dose (n= 6) or subsequent multiple-dose (n= 12) panel; all received caspofungin at 25 mg/m2once daily as a 1-hour infusion. Caspofungin plasma levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and compared to historical data from adults. Patient chronological ages ranged from 1 to 11 weeks, and weights ranged from 0.68 to 3.8 kg. Gestational ages ranged from 24 to 41 weeks. Geometric mean (GM) peak (C1 h) and trough (C24 h) caspofungin levels were 8.2 and 1.8 μg/ml, respectively, on day 1, and 11.1 and 2.4 μg/ml, respectively, on day 4. GM ratios forC1 handC24 hfor neonates/infants relative to adults receiving caspofungin at 50 mg/day were 1.07 and 1.36, respectively, on day 1, and 1.18 and 1.21, respectively, on day 4. Clinical and laboratory adverse events occurred in 17 (94%) and 8 (44%) patients, respectively. Five patients (28%) had serious adverse events, none of which were considered drug related. Caspofungin at 25 mg/m2once daily was well tolerated in this group of neonates/infants of <3 months of age and appears to provide relatively similar plasma exposure to that obtained in adults receiving 50 mg/day. However, the small number of patients studied precludes any definitive recommendations about caspofungin dosing for this group comprising a broad range of ages and weights.
Selection of
Plasmodium falciparum
Multidrug Resistance Gene 1 Alleles in Asexual Stages and Gametocytes by Artemether-Lumefantrine in Nigerian Children with Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria
Authors: Happi C. T. , Gbotosho G. O. , Folarin O. A. , Sowunmi A. , Hudson T. , O'Neil M. , Milhous W. , Wirth D. F. , Oduola A. M. J. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

We assessed
Plasmodium falciparum mdr1
(Pf
mdr1
) gene polymorphisms and copy numbers as well as
P. falciparum
Ca
2+
ATPase (Pf
ATPase6
) gene polymorphisms in 90 Nigerian children presenting with uncomplicated falciparum malaria and enrolled in a study of the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (AL). The nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the quantitative real-time PCR methodologies were used to determine the alleles of the Pf
mdr1
and Pf
ATPase6
genes and the Pf
mdr1
copy number variation, respectively, in patients samples collected prior to treatment and at the reoccurrence of parasites during a 42-day follow-up. The Pf
mdr1
haplotype
86N-184F-1246D
was significantly associated (
P
< 0.00001) with treatment failures and was selected for among posttreatment samples obtained from patients with newly acquired or recrudescing infections (
P
< 0.00001; χ
2
= 36.5) and in gametocytes (log rank statistic = 5;
P
= 0.0253) after treatment with AL. All pre- and posttreatment samples as well as gametocytes harbored a single copy of the Pf
mdr1
gene and the wild-type allele (L89) at codon 89 of the Pf
ATPase6
gene. These findings suggest that polymorphisms in the Pf
mdr1
gene are under AL selection pressure. Pf
mdr1
polymorphisms may result in reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of this newly adopted combination treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Saharan countries of Africa.
Mobilization of
qnrB2
and IS
CR1
in Plasmids
Authors: Chen Ying-Tsong , Liao Tsai-Lien , Liu Yen-Ming , Lauderdale Tsai-Ling , Yan Jing-Jou , Tsai Shih-Feng 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT

The DNA sequences of two IncHI2 plasmids, pEC-IMP and pEC-IMPQ, from metallo-β-lactamase-producing
Enterobacter cloacae
clinical isolates were determined. The two conjugative plasmids are almost identical, but pEC-IMPQ carries an additional segment containing an
orf513
(IS
CR1
), a truncated 3′ conserved sequence, and a
qnrB2
. Comparative analyses provide support for the proposed IS
CR1
-mediated gene mobilization.
Virologic Failure in First-Line Human Immunodeficiency Virus Therapy with a CCR5 Entry Inhibitor, Aplaviroc, plus a Fixed-Dose Combination of Lamivudine-Zidovudine: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance Regardless of Envelope Tropism
Authors: Demarest James F. , Amrine-Madsen Heather , Irlbeck David M. , Kitrinos Kathryn M. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTThe CCR102881 (ASCENT) study evaluated the antiviral activity of the novel CCR5 entry inhibitor aplaviroc plus a fixed-dose combination of lamivudine-zidovudine (Combivir) in drug-naïve human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects with only CCR5-tropic virus detected in plasma. Although the trial was stopped prematurely due to idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity, eight subjects met protocol-defined virologic failure criteria. Clonal analyses of the viral envelope tropism, aplaviroc susceptibility, andenvsequencing were performed on plasma at baseline and at the time of virologic failure. Molecular evolutionary analyses were also performed. The majority of the subjects with virologic failure (six of eight) acquired the lamivudine resistance-associated mutation M184V, and none had evidence of reduced susceptibility to aplaviroc at the time of virologic failure, even at the clonal level. Six subjects with virologic failure maintained CCR5 tropism, while two exhibited a change in population tropism readout to dual/mixed-tropic with R5X4-tropic clones detected prior to therapy. Two evolutionary patterns were observed: five subjects had no evidence of population turnover, while three subjects had multiple lines of evidence forenvpopulation turnover. The acquisition of the M184V mutation is the primary characteristic of virologic failure in first-line therapy with aplaviroc plus lamivudine-zidovudine, regardless of the envelope tropism.
The Host Defense Peptide LL-37 Selectively Permeabilizes Apoptotic Leukocytes
Authors: Björstad Åse , Askarieh Galia , Brown Kelly L. , Christenson Karin , Forsman Huamei , Önnheim Karin , Li Hsin-Ni , Teneberg Susann , Maier Olaf , Hoekstra Dick , Dahlgren Claes , Davidson Donald J. , Bylund Johan 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTLL-37 is a cationic host defense peptide that is highly expressed during acute inflammation and that kills bacteria by poorly defined mechanisms, resulting in permeabilization of microbial membranes. High concentrations of LL-37 have also been reported to have cytotoxic effects against eukaryotic cells, but the peptide is clearly capable of differentiating between membranes with different compositions (eukaryotic versus bacterial membranes). Eukaryotic cells such as leukocytes change their membrane composition during apoptotic cell death, when they are turned into nonfunctional but structurally intact entities. We tested whether LL-37 exerted specific activity on apoptotic cells and found that the peptide selectively permeabilized the membranes of apoptotic human leukocytes, leaving viable cells unaffected. This activity was seemingly analogous to the direct microbicidal effect of LL-37, in that it was rapid, independent of known surface receptors and/or active cell signaling, and inhibitable by serum components such as high-density lipoprotein. A similar selective permeabilization of apoptotic cells was recorded for both NK cells and neutrophils. In the latter cell type, LL-37 permeabilized both the plasma and granule membranes, resulting in the release of both lactate dehydrogenase and myeloperoxidase. Apoptosis is a way for inflammatory cells to die silently and minimize collateral tissue damage by retaining tissue-damaging and proinflammatory substances within intact membranes. Permeabilization of apoptotic leukocytes by LL-37, accompanied by the leakage of cytoplasmic as well as intragranular molecules, may thus shift the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory signals and in this way be of importance for the termination of acute inflammation.
PHYSICAL FITNESS AND FLYING
Authors: Koch A. 
Published: December 2008

“Fitness” is a word wellknown in the countries of the English language, especially in U.S.A. In Europe we used and use more for the same conception, words like “die Kondition, die Eignung, die Tauglichkeit, die Form” (Germany) or “la condition, la performance, le rendement” (France) or “la forma” (Italy, Spain). Problems of the performance or fitness belong to the sport science as long as we have the modern Olympic Games. Here will be used the word “fitness”. What are we imagining if we are talking about fitness? The definition of “fitness” is very different, there are many. For example: “Fitness is a state which characterizes the degree to which the organism is able to function” (LARSON). Which are the components of the fitness?Fitness has many spectrums. It means aptitude for a certain task, for a job, for a game, for a profession? What does physical fitness mean? How can we measure fitness? Which are the factors that impair, which are the factors which improve fitness?These are the questions discussed in which are included as well the basic idea of the special point of view in relation to flying personnel.
Physical Fitness of Canadian Physical Education Students with a Note on International Differences
Authors: Shephard Roy J. , Pimm Peter 
Published: December 2008

Measurements of physical fitness have been carried out on 161 University of Toronto physical and health education students, 78 men and 83 women; 144 of the students were non-smokers, and the remainder had a relatively light cigarette consumption, 10 men averaging 12.3 cigarettes/day and 7 women 8.7 cigarettes/day.The more fit members of the group tended to volunteer for maximum testing, while less fit subjects elected sub-maximum test procedures. Allowing for this factor, the average V̇O2(max) was 49.0 ml./kg. min in the male non-smokers, 37.7 ml./kg. min in the female non-smokers, 51.8 ml./kg. min for male smokers and 42.9 ml./kg. min for female smokers. Measurements of skinfold thicknesses (average readings for four groups 12.2, 13.3, 19.5 and 15.3 mm) with estimates of body fat (18.0, 28.5, 21.9 and 27.7%), muscle strength and lean mass support the view that although most students perceive themselves as fit, neither the men nor the women have an exceptional capacity for endurance work.Despite a recent and fairly light cigarette habit, lung volumes are poorer in the smokers than in the non-smokers.Even at the first laboratory visit, bicycle ergometer predictions of V̇O2(max) over-estimate direct treadmill readings for this group, the discrepancy being 5-6% for the men and 8-9% for the women.Results are compared with published information on physical education students from other nations. There seem national differences between endurance-oriented Scandinavian students and heavy, contact-sport oriented North Americans.
Educational benefits of international experiential learning in an MSW program
Authors: Gilin Barbara , Young Tom 
Published: December 2008

English Providing an international study experience for MSW students in schools of social work in the USA has become more important in the context of globalization. The authors describe how a brief international study course enhanced the learning experiences of 16 MSW students along four dimensions, including cross-cultural sensitivity and professional identity development. French Sous l’impulsion de la mondialisation, l’importance d’offrir une expérience internationale aux étudiants de maîtrise en travail social dans les écoles de travail social américaines s’est accrue. Les auteurs décrivent la façon dont un cours sommaire d’étude internationale a enrichi l’apprentissage de 16 étudiants à la maîtrise, notamment au chapitre de la sensibilité interculturelle et du développement de l’identité professionnelle. Spanish La provisión de un estudio experiencial internacional para estudiantes de MSW en escuelas de trabajo social en los Estados Unidos, se ha vuelto más importante en el contexto de la globalización. Los autores describen cómo un breve curso internacional aumentó las experiencias de aprendizaje de 16 estudiantes de MSW a lo largo de cuatro dimensiones, incluyendo sensibilidad transcultural y desarrollo de la identidad profesional.
Japanese students' perceptions of international perspectives in social work
Authors: Saito Yoshihiko , Johns Robert 
Published: December 2008

English This article reports on a small-scale enquiry into the value for Japanese social work students of learning about international social work. The study highlights a number of practice-related benefits for students, linking these to contemporary Japanese and UK social work education and practice. French Cet article présente le rapport d’une enquête à échelle restreinte sur les valeurs des étudiants Japonais en travail social qui étudient le travail social international. L’étude souligne nombre d’avantages relatifs à la pratique pour les étudiants, en lien avec la formation et les pratiques de travail social contemporaines japonaises et britanniques. Spanish Este es el reporte de una investigación a pequeña escala sobre el valor que para los estudiantes japoneses de trabajo social tiene el aprender acerca del trabajo social internacional. El estudio subraya primero un número de beneficios relacionados con la práctica que alcanzarán los estudiantes, y después muestra la conexión que existe entre tales beneficios a la práctica y educación del trabajo social contemporáneos en el Japón y en el Reino Unido.
Corra: Computational framework and tools for LC-MS discovery and targeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics
Authors: Brusniak Mi-Youn , Bodenmiller Bernd , Campbell David , Cooke Kelly , Eddes James , Garbutt Andrew , Lau Hollis , Letarte Simon , Mueller Lukas N , Sharma Vagisha , Vitek Olga , Zhang Ning , Aebersold Ruedi , Watts Julian D 
Published: December 2008

Abstract

Background
Quantitative proteomics holds great promise for identifying proteins that are differentially abundant between populations representing different physiological or disease states. A range of computational tools is now available for both isotopically labeled and label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based quantitative proteomics. However, they are generally not comparable to each other in terms of functionality, user interfaces, information input/output, and do not readily facilitate appropriate statistical data analysis. These limitations, along with the array of choices, present a daunting prospect for biologists, and other researchers not trained in bioinformatics, who wish to use LC-MS-based quantitative proteomics.

Results
We have developed Corra, a computational framework and tools for discovery-based LC-MS proteomics. Corra extends and adapts existing algorithms used for LC-MS-based proteomics, and statistical algorithms, originally developed for microarray data analyses, appropriate for LC-MS data analysis. Corra also adapts software engineering technologies (e.g. Google Web Toolkit, distributed processing) so that computationally intense data processing and statistical analyses can run on a remote server, while the user controls and manages the process from their own computer via a simple web interface. Corra also allows the user to output significantly differentially abundant LC-MS-detected peptide features in a form compatible with subsequent sequence identification via tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). We present two case studies to illustrate the application of Corra to commonly performed LC-MS-based biological workflows: a pilot biomarker discovery study of glycoproteins isolated from human plasma samples relevant to type 2 diabetes, and a study in yeast to identify in vivo targets of the protein kinase Ark1 via phosphopeptide profiling.

Conclusion
The Corra computational framework leverages computational innovation to enable biologists or other researchers to process, analyze and visualize LC-MS data with what would otherwise be a complex and not user-friendly suite of tools. Corra enables appropriate statistical analyses, with controlled false-discovery rates, ultimately to inform subsequent targeted identification of differentially abundant peptides by MS/MS. For the user not trained in bioinformatics, Corra represents a complete, customizable, free and open source computational platform enabling LC-MS-based proteomic workflows, and as such, addresses an unmet need in the LC-MS proteomics field.