bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi-Empirical Configuration Interaction Studies on the π-Electron Spectra of Nonbenzenoid Molecules
Authors: Das Gupta N K , Birss F W 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A modification of the method of Yamaguchi et al. has been used to predict the π-electronic spectra of a number of nonbenzenoid molecules containing five- and seven-membered rings. Good correlation of the theoretical and experimental transition energies is found. The calculated intensities are also reasonably consistent with experiment, to the extent of raising questions as to the source of intensity in the bands of some molecules.
Unusual Products of the Leuckart Reaction of 1-Acenaphthenone
Authors: Tatsugi Jiro , Okumura Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the reaction between formamide and 1-acenaphthenone, 1,1′-biacenaphthenyliden-2-one was obtained instead of 1-acenaphthenamine which is expected to be formed by the Leuckart reaction. When formic acid was incorporated in the reaction, besides 1,1′-biacenaphthenyliden-2-one two new nitrogen-containing compounds were isolated; their structures were identified to be acenaphtho[1,2-d]pyrimidine and diacenaphtho[1,2-b: 1′,2′-d]pyridine by independent syntheses.
Micellar Effects on Base-Catalyzed Isomerization of Prostaglandin A1 and Prostaglandin A2
Authors: Uekama Kaneto , Hirayama Fumitoshi , Yamasaki Shyukou 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Micellar effects on base-catalyzed isomerization of A-type prostaglandins to B-type prostaglandins were studied. Cationic and non-ionic micellar systems increased the rate of isomerization, but anionic systems either decreased or had negligible effects on the rate constants. Incorporation of the prostaglandins into the hydrophobic interior of the micelles was suggested by circular dichroism spectra.
The Reactions of the (ZrO)2P2O7–NiO System and the ZrP2O7–NiO System
Authors: Kinoshita Makio , Baba Saburo , Kishioka Akira , Amagasa Michio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction between (ZrO)2P2O7 and NiO at elevated temperatures up to 1340 °C yielded Ni3(PO4)2 and ZrO2 over the whole composition. The reaction between ZrP2O7 and NiO yielded NiO·4ZrO2·3P2O5 and Ni3(PO4)2 in the molar ratios up to equimolarity.
The Nitrogen Oxide Complex of the Iron(II) Protoporphyrin IX Dimethyl Ester
Authors: Yoshimura Tetsuhiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A nitrogen oxide complex of the iron(II) protoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester was synthesized and characterized by means of its infrared spectrum and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra at the X- and Q-band frequencies. The EPR spectra in the glass state and in the polycrystalline powder state distinctly indicated the existence of three g-values, showing a rhombic symmetry.
The Concentration and Separation of a Trace Amount of Cobalt(II) in Sea Water as Its 1-Nitroso-2-naphtholate by Extraction Chromatography
Authors: Honjo Takaharu , Abe Shuhei , Kiba Toshiyasu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The behavior of a trace amount of cobalt(II) in extraction and back extraction has been examined with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol in carbon tetrachloride, and the results have also been applied to the concentration and separation of a trace amount of cobalt(II) in sea water as its 1-nitroso-2-naphtholate by extraction chromatography.
Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Dichloroacetates of Lanthanoids
Authors: Singh Megh , Bhutra M P , Vaishnava P P , Misra S N 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Dichloroacetates of lanthanoids (Pr, Nd, Sm, Ho, and Er) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, absorption and IR spectral data, and the X-ray power patterns. Magnetic moments of these derivatives have been measured. Molecular weights determined ebullioscopically in acetic acid showed them to be dimeric.
Asymmetric, Partial Acetylation of dl-1-Phenylethanol by Means of Chiral Polymers
Authors: Yamashita Tetsushi , Yasueda Hiroshi , Nakamura Nobuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The partial esterification of dl-1-phenylethanol with acetic anhydride was carried out in the presence of poly (O-acryloylquinine), poly (N-benzy 1-2-pyrrolidinylmethylacrylate), and poly(O-acryloyl-N-benzylephedrine). The propionyl esters of quinine, N-benzyl-2-pyrrolidinylmethanol and N-benzylephedrine were also used as low molecular weight catalysts. The above polymeric and monomeric catalysts showed poor, asymmetric efficiencies for this esterification.
Conformational Analysis of 9,14-Dihydrotribenzo[a,c,f]cyclooctene and Its Derivatives
Authors: Shigemitsu Yasuo , Juro Masayoshi , Mukuno Yuji , Odaira Yoshinobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
9,14-Dihydrotribenzo[a,c,f]cyclooctene, 9,14-dihydrotribenzo[a,c,f]cycloocten-9-one, and 9,14-dihydrotribenzo[a,c,f]cyclooctene-9,14-dione, which are all new bridged aroma tics containing a biphenyl moiety, have been prepared. Saddle conformations have been suggested for all of them on the basis of the spectra data.
New Synthetic Methods for Benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide, Benzoyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide, and Acetyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide
Authors: Somorin Oyin , Nishi Norio , Noguchi Junzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The optically active substrates for two peptidases, benzoyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride (l-BAPA·HCl) and acetyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide (l-AAPA·HCl), were readily prepared through the synthesis of benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine-p-nitroanilide hydrochloride (l-ZAPA·HCl). Benzyloxycarbonyl-l-arginine and p-nitroaniline were directly coupled without any racemization. The product, l-ZAPA·HCl, was quantitatively debenzyloxycarbonylated with hydrogen chloride in glacial acetic acid at 50 °C to l-arginine-p-nitroanilide dihydrochloride(l-APA·2HCl) which gave, on benzoylation or acetylation, l-BAPA·HCl or l-AAPA·HCl respectively.
Formation of (4S,5R)-4-(Nitrovinyl)-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl Formate from Methyl 4,6-O-Benzylidene-2-deoxy-2-nitro-β-d-glucopyranoside
Authors: Sakakibara Tohru , Sudoh Rokuro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetylation of methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-2-nitro-β-d-glucopyranoside with acetic anhydride–pyridine afforded a mixture of the expected 3-O-acetate and the title compound in a ca. 1:1 ratio; the structure of the latter compound was confirmed by conversion into an adduct with hydrazoic acid.
The Reaction of Benzeneseleninic Acid with Olefins in Acetic Acid. A New Method of Acetoxyselenation
Authors: Miyoshi Noritaka , Takai Yoshitsugu , Murai Shinji , Sonoda Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction of benzeneseleninic acid with olefins in acetic acid gave 2-acetoxyalkyl phenyl selenides in good yields.
Static and Kinetic Studies of the Interaction of Toluidine Blue with Ghondroitin-4-sulfate
Authors: Takahashi Kojiro , Horiuchi Zengo , Yasunaga Tatsuya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The binding of Toluidine Blue to chondroitin-4-sulfate was investigated by absorption spectra, titration curves, and temperature-jump relaxation spectra. The results were well interpreted by a basic model of binding to a linear lattice, where the cooperative interaction is restricted to the nearest-neighbor binding sites. The parameters g (number of binding sites per disaccharide repeating unit), K (cooperative binding constant), and q (strength factor of cooperativity) in 0.015 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) were determined to be 2, 1.02×105 M−1, and 270±60, respectively. The fastest process of the three relaxations observed in the system of Toluidine Blue-chondroitin-4-sulfate, could be interpreted as the aggregation process for cooperative binding. The rate constant \ ildekR was determined to be 1.6×108 M−1 s−1 at 28 °C.
Isotope Effect in Thermal Ionic Reactions of Isomeric Transition-Activated 80Br and 82Br in the HBr–CH4 System
Authors: Kondo Kenjiro , Yagi Masuo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of isomeric-transition activated 82Br were studied in the gaseous H82mBr–CH4(HBr/CH4=0.1±0.01) system. CH382Br and CH282BrBr were identified as the reaction products; their absolute yields were 0.8% for CH382Br and 3.7% for CH282BrBr respectively. The results were compared with those obtained in the H80mBr–CH4 and 80mBr2 (or 82mBr2)–CH4 systems. The effect of Krand Xe additives showed that these products were formed only through kinetic energy-independent (thermal-ionic) reactions, as opposed to the results obtained in the 80mBr2 (or 82mBr2)–CH4 system. This difference was explained on the basis of the kinetic energies initially acquired by the bromine atoms in the molecular-explosion process. In addition, an outstanding isotope effect resulting from the difference in the decay schemes of 80mBr and 82mBr was observed between the I. T.-activated 80Br and 82Br reactions in the H80mBr–CH4 and H82mBr–CH4 systems, and it was pointed out from the analysis of the 80mBr-data that the two successive internal conversions in the 80mBr decay were responsible for this isotope effect. It was considered that the second internal conversion started in a liquid-like condition such as ion-clusters containing the 80Br in the intermediate state; this idea is supported by the experimental results obtained in the condensed phase.
Synergistic Effect of Pyridine and Ammonia in the Extraction of Copper(II) Fixed on the Ion Exchange Resin with 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone
Authors: Ohzeki Kunio , Nozawa Katsunori , Kambara Tomihito 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The composition of hydrated copper(II), copper-pyridine, and -ammine species fixed on the cation exchange resin was determined by chemical and thermogravimetric analyses. Provided that all the water and bases were coordinated to copper(II) ion, the species on the resin were estimated to be [Cu(H2O)5]2+, [Cu(py)(H2O)3]2+, and [Cu(NH3)3(H2O)3]2+, respectively. The removal of copper(II) ion from the resin with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (Htta) was studied in various organic solvents. The rate of reaction was accelerated with the replacement of water molecules coordinated to the metal ion with pyridine or ammonia.
The Kinetics of the Radiation-induced Chain Dechlorination of Hexachloroethane in Alcohols
Authors: Sawai Takeshi , Ohara Naoki , Shimokawa Toshinari 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The kinetics of the radiation-induced dechlorination of hexachloroethane was investigated in deoxygenated alcohol solutions. The major products were hydrogen chloride, pentachloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, and aldehydes or acetone. No 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane was observed. The radiationchemical yields of these products and the disappearance of hexachloroethane were quite high; these facts indicate that a chain reaction is involved in these processes. After the hexachloroethane had effectively dechlorinated down to tetrachloro compounds, there were no marked changes in the lower chlorinated compound upon continuous irradiation. Tetrachloroethane was formed via pentachloroethane, but tetrachloroethylene was produced by means of C2Cl5→C2Cl4+Cl reaction and the yield was paticularly high in methanol compared with the other alcohols. The chain length of the dechlorination from hexachloroethane to pentachloroethane and from pentachloroethane to tetrachloroethane increased in the order of 2-propanol&gt;ethanol&gt;methanol. The G(−C2Cl6) and G(products) were proportional to (dose rate)−1⁄2, and the ratio of G(C2HCl5) to G(C2Cl4) was a constant in each alcohol solution, regardless of the dose rate. The α-hydroxy alkyl radical is the chain carrier for the dechlorination reaction of hexachloroethane in alcohol solutions. The relative rates of the dechlorination were found to be 1, 3, and 14 for \dotCH2OH, CH3\dotCHOH, and (CH3)2\dotCOH, respectively. The order in the rate is in agreement with that of the redox potential of these radicals. The effect of the irradiation temperature on the products yields was also examined.
Conductometric Studies on the Ion-pair Formations of [Cr(NH3)6]3+, [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Cr(en)3]3+, and [Co(en)3]3+ with Several Anions in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Takahashi Tatsuo , Koiso Takefumi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The thermodynamic ion-association constants (K) of [Cr(NH3)6]3+, [Co(NH3)6]3+, [Cr(en)3]3+, and [Co-(en)3]3+ with several anions in aqueous solutions were determined using the conductometric method. The logK values obtained at 25.0 °C are 1.17 for [Cr(NH3)6]3+–SCN−, 1.34 for [Cr(en)3]3+SCN−, 1.30 for [Co(NH3)6]3+–SCN−, 1.34 for [Co(en)3]3+–SCN−, 1.68 for [Co(en)3]3+–Br−, 1.46 for [Co(en)3]3+–I−, 1.37 for [Co(en)3]3+–ClO4−, 3.20 for [Cr(NH3)6]3+–C2O42−, and 2.97 for [Cr(en)3]3+–C2O42−. The results indicate that the SCN− ion has less of a tendency to associate with the complex cations than do other univalent anions, the K values of SCN− being of the same order of magnitude as those of ClO4−, and that the K values of chromium(III) complex cations with several anions are slightly smaller than those of the corresponding cobalt(III) complex cations.
Light Scattering Study of Local Structure in Solution. Double-Layered Structure Formation in Chloroform Solution of Surfactant
Authors: Kato Tadashi , Fujiyama Tsunetake 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Light scattering spectra have been observed for binary solutions of chloroform–tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBACl) and chloroform–hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HTACl) at various concentrations. The Rayleigh intensities have been reduced to concentration fluctuations. The observed concentration dependence of the concentration fluctuation was explained in terms of the existence of aggregates which were composed of a few surfactant molecules and several decades of chloroform molecules. Using the infrared data, the structures of the aggregates were demonstrated to be double-layered. In HTACl solution, a singular concentration dependence of concentration fluctuation was observed in the concentration range below 0.004 mole fraction.
The Reactions of Dichlorotriazinyl Reactive Dyes with Cellulose and Simultaneous Diffusion in Cellulose
Authors: Motomura Hiromi , Morita Zenzo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The diffusion coefficients and rate constants of the reactions of C. I. Reactive Yellow 4, Orange 1, and Red 1 were measured at 30 °C by means of a cylindrical cellophane film roll. The diffusion coefficients of the three hydrolyzed dyes were nearly constant at all the pH values examined. The apparent diffusion coefficients of all the active species of Orange 1 and Red 1 except Yellow 4 were gradually decreased with an increase in the pH of the dyebath; this decrease was due to the hydrolysis of the active species in the cellulose substrate. The rate constants of the reactions with cellulose were of a pseudo-first-order; i.e., the second-order rate constants of reactions with cellulose were constant up to a certain pH, and thereafter they decreased with an increase in the pH of the dyebath. The pH dependence of the reactivity with cellulose was similar to that of the hydrolysis reported previously. The concentration profiles of the removed and immobilized species in cellulose dyed from a weakly alkaline dyebath agreed with the theoretical profiles of active and reacted species respectively. From a highly alkaline dyebath, those of the immobilized species agreed with the theoretical profiles of reacted species, while those of the removed ones did not agree with theoretical profiles of active species because of hydrolysis.
Analysis of Tin Corrosion Products Using Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Transmission Mössbauer Spectroscopy, and X-Ray Diffractrometry
Authors: Shibuya Mamoru , Endo Kazutoyo , Sano Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Tin plates corroded by various acids were nondestructively analyzed by a 119Sn conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, a transmission Mössbauer spectroscopy, and an X-ray diffractometry. The conversion electron method was shown to be useful for analysis of some corrosion products which could not be easily observed by the transmission method. By using both the Mössbauer spectroscopy and the X-ray diffractometry, the corrosion products formed by 6.7M-HNO3, 5.7M-HCl, and 9.0M-H2SO4 were determined to be SnO2·nH2O, Sn4(OH)6Cl2, and SnSO4, respectively.
Raman and Infrared Spectra of μ-O2 Dicobalt(III) Complexes
Authors: Shibahara Takashi , Mori Masayasu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Raman and infrared spectra of μ-hyperoxo and μ-peroxo ammine and cyano dicobalt(III) complexes have been studied and isotopic shifts of ν(OO) and ν(CoO) examined using 18O. A μ-hyperoxo complex, [(NH3)5Co(O2)Co(NH3)5]X5 shows peaks around 1110, 620, and 440 cm−1 assignable to ν(OO), sν(CoO), and asν(CoO), respectively, whereas a μ-peroxo complex, [(NH3)5Co(O2)Co(NH3)5]X4 shows peaks around 805, 645, and 545 cm−1 assignable to ν(OO), sν(CoO), asν(CoO), respectively. These observed values are best reproduced, when the following force constants are assumed in the UBFF calculation: K(OO)=5.6, K(CoO)=1.40 mdyn/Å for μ-hyperoxo complexes and K(OO)=2.7, K(CoO)=2.15 mdyn/Å for μ-peroxo complexes. The calculated isotopic shifts are in good agreement with the observed ones. Raman and infrared spectra of dibridged μ-amido-μ-O2 (both peroxo and hyperoxo) dicobalt(III) complex have also been characterized. A linear relationship has been found between ν(OO) and the bond order of the O2 moiety in O2-complexes in different oxidation states including alkali hyperoxide, alkali peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, and O2+ species.
Relative Intensities of the Ligand-field Transition Bands in Tetragonal Chromium(III) and Cobalt(III) Complexes
Authors: Fujinami Shuhei , Shibata Muraji , Yamatera Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
On the basis of a tetragonal (D4h) model, the procedures for calculating the vibronically induced transition moment have been described, and a correlation in the band intensity between two nondegenerate transition components (A2 and B2) has been shown. The correlation has then been applied to understanding the characteristic absorption spectra of the trans-[CrClF(NH3)4]+ and trans-[CrF2(NH3)4]+ complexes. Furthermore, an effect upon the band intensity caused by the configuration interactions among the E states has been proposed in order to explain the characteristic spectra of the trans-[Co(C2O4)2(py)2]− and trans-[Co(CO3)2(py)2]− complexes. This treatment has been applied also to the spectra of cobalt(III) complexes with C4V symmetry.
ESR Studies of an Oxo-Bridged Manganese(III. IV) Complex of 2,2′-Bipyridine
Authors: Inoue Motomichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
ESR spectra were recorded on the single crystal of di-μ-oxo-tetrakis(2,2′-bipyridine)dimanganese(III,IV) perchlorate trihydrate. ESR signals attributable to the excited quartet state were observed in addition to an ESR signal due to the ground doublet state. From the temperature dependence of the signal intensities, the exchange integral was determined as J⁄k=−207 K. The spectrum of the quartet state exhibits a fine structure: |D| and |E| were estimated to be equal to 0.39 and 0.12 cm−1, respectively. The constants are interpreted in terms of the dipole-dipole interaction and the crystal-field effect; the anisotropic part of the exchange interaction is negligibly small. The hyperfine structure in the spectrum of the doublet state indicates that odd electrons are distributed unequally on two manganese atoms in the dimer. This is due to an odd e electron (in the t23-t23e1system) localized mostly on one of the paired manganese atoms.
Application of Electrochemical Recycle of Ti4+-Ti3+ to Additive Dimerization of Butadiene with Hydroxylamine
Authors: Chiba Toshiro , Takata Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electrolytic recycle of Ti4+-Ti3+ has been employed for a redox-system consisting of hydroxylamine and Ti3+ which can produce amino radicals. From electroanalytical measurements, it was found that titanium(IV) chloride in hydrochloric methanol was reducible to Ti3+ with a sufficient current efficiency at the platinum electrode and the reduction was speeded up by an addition of hydroxylamine. On macro-scale electrolysis using a small amount of titanium(IV) chloride in the presence of 1,3-butadiene and hydroxylamine, the generated amino radical undergoes additive dimerization with butadiene and gives diaminooctadienes in reasonable yields.
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Phenothiazine, Thianthrene, and Phenoxathiin
Authors: Nagai Masatoshi , Sakikawa Noriyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Catalytic hydrogenolysis of phenothiazine, thianthrene, and phenoxathiin as appropriate model reactants in the competing reactions of sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen removal over NH4Y zeolite, pre-sulfided Co–Mo–Al2O3, and Ni–W–SiO2Al2O3 catalysts has been carried out using the batch method. The cleavage patterns and the schemes in the hydrogenolysis of the three compounds and the active sites of an NH4Y zeolite for the hydrogenolysis are discussed. The C–S bond in phenoxathiin was more prone to cleavage than the C–O bond, and the C–N bond in phenothiazine was not broken in our experiments. Sulfur removal from the three compounds took place more than the removal of nitrogen or oxygen. The reactivity over the zeolite Y, pre-sulfided Co–Mo–Al2O3, and Ni–W–SiO2Al2O3 catalysts decreased in the order of phenothiazine&gt;phenoxathiin&gt;thianthrene, but in the absence of the catalyst the thermal stability was phenoxathiin&gt;thianthrene&gt;phenothiazine. In the hydrogenolysis of the three compounds over the NH4Y catalyst the desulfurization activity of the zeolite Y catalyst was maximized when calcined at 500 °C. The reaction of phenoxathiin was found to be accelerated by Brönsted acid, but this did not hold true in the case of phenothiazine and thianthrene.
Boron Trifluoride Hydrate-catalyzed Ethylation of Benzene with Ethyl-1-13C Fluoride and Ethyl-1,1-d2 Fluoride
Authors: Oyama Toshiyuki , Hamano Toshio , Nagumo Katsuyuki , Nakane Ryohei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the ethylation of benzene with ethyl-1-13C fluoride and ethyl-1-d2 fluoride in boron trifluoride hydrate, almost a 50% isotope position rearrangement in the ethyl group of ethylbenzene was found, whereas in the boron trifluoride-catalyzed ethylation in excess benzene no rearrangement was observed. Based on these results, it was suggested that an electrophile is an ethyl cation in the ethylation of benzene in excess boron trifluoride hydrate and a nonionized polar complex in the boron trifluoride-catalyzed ethylation in excess benzene.
A Monte Carlo Study of the Intrachain Reaction on a Poly(oxyethylene) Chain
Authors: Sisido Masahiko , Imanishi Yukio , Higashimura Toshinobu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Monte Carlo calculation was performed to estimate the ring-closure probability of a poly(oxyethylene) chain. The calculation was made for various chain lengths on the basis of a rotational isomeric state model in which the intrachain atomic overlaps were excluded in terms of the hard-sphere model. The chain-length dependence of the ring-closure probability thus obtained was compared with that of the rate-constant ratio of the intrachain reaction vs. the intermolecular reaction previously reported. For longer chains, the calculation agreed well with the experimental data. For shorter chains, the agreement was less satisfactory; this discrepancy was attributed to the effect of the bulky terminal groups of the poly(oxyethylene) chain. The thermodynamic parameters for the cyclization were determined, and it was found that the chain-length dependence of the ring-closure probability is mainly governed by the conformational enthalpy.