bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Modifiable Risk Factors among Stroke Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka
Authors: Badiuzzaman Md , Mohammed Fazle Rabbi , Chowdhury Fazle Rabbi , Bari Md Shafiqul , Alam Md Billal , Ahasan HAM Nazmul 
Published: February 2009

Background: An event of stroke can be ignited by a number of risk factors, some of which are nonmodifiable and some are modifiable. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, different heart diseases, hyperlipidemia and smoking belong to the latter group and their prevalence shows immense diversity worldwide. In this study we tried to identify the most prevalent risk factor for stroke. Categorization of various types of stroke and history of noncompliance in medication has also been evaluated. Methods: This direct observational study was carried out on 400 patients of stroke admitted in different medicine units of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July to December, 2007. Only patients having clinical diagnosis of stroke, confirmed by CT scan or MRI, were recruited. Patients were grouped into ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke or sub arachnoid hemorrhage. Results: The male, female ratio was found 1.2:1. In the study cerebral infraction, intra cerebral hemorrhages (ICH) and sub arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were found in 56.25%, 38.25% and 5.5% patients respectively. In case of Ischemic stroke and ICH males were predominantly affected but in case of SAH females were predominant. Among patients, hypertension was found in 58.62% followed by smoking (53.79%), lipid disorder (48.01%), heart diseases (25.75%), diabetes mellitus (20.01%), and previous history of stroke (10.61%). 40% patients were on irregular use of antihypertensive drug and it was 17.5% in case of anti diabetic drugs. Major groups (42.44%) of patients have two modifiable risk factors. Conclusion: Stroke is better to prevent than to cure. Identification of risk factors is the only way to achieve this goal. Implementation of screening programme in community to identify risk factors and educate people about primary prevention should be initiated in this regard. This way, we can reduce morbidity and mortality among stroke patients and alleviate the burden of stroke. Â doi:10.3329/jom.v10i3.2011 Â J Medicine 2009; 10 (Supplement 1): 18-21
Disability Burden of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications
Authors: Islam Md Ziaul 
Published: February 2009

This specific analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at the Out Patient Department (OPD) of BIRDEM hospital to estimate and compare disability burden of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and its complications during the period of January-June 2003. Data was collected by face-to-face interview with a semi-structured questionnaire and a checklist. To estimate disability burden, Years lived with Disability (YLD) was calculated. Out of total 154 patients, 53% were female while 47% were male and their mean age was 47.02 (Â± 8.42) years. Around 48% patients claimed the onset age of 40-49 years. Average monthly family income of the patients was TK.16,488.27Â±6042.40 and 27% of them were illiterate. Out of all, 72% patients had diabetes with complications while the rest 28% had diabetes without complications. With regard to disability burden, total 473.43 YLDs was shared by the patients of which only 20.46% YLD was shared by diabetes itself while major part of YLD (79.54%) was shared by its complications and the discrepancy was statistically significant (ât'(152) =11.34, p < 0.01). It was revealed that the highest YLD was incurred by DM with cardiovascular diseases (37.56%) followed by DM with retinopathy (19.82%) and DM with nephropathy (12.98%). More YLD (52.65%) was shared by the patients with poor compliance with therapy while 34.27% and 13.08% YLD were incurred by the patients with moderate and good compliance with therapy respectively. Older patients shared more YLD than the younger patients and the disparity was statistically significant (ât'(152)=9.53, p < 0.01). More YLD was shared by the patients with long duration of the disease than the patients with short duration and this divergence was statistically significant (ât'(152)=8.71, p < 0.01). The study outcome will recommend for reduction of burden of DM by averting its major complications. Key Words: YLD, DM and Complications Â doi:10.3329/jom.v10i3.2012 J Medicine 2009; 10 (Supplement 1): 22-26
Quality of life in thalassemia major
Authors: Jafari H , Lahsaeizadeh S , Jafari P , Karimi M 
Published: February 2009

Aims:
The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the eight-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire translated into Persian for use in Iranian patients with thalassemia major.

Materials and Methods:
Using a standard "forward-backward" translation procedure, the English language version of the questionnaire was translated into Persian. Two hundred patients with thalassemia major following up at the Thalassemia Center, Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, were enrolled in this study.

Statistical Analysis:
The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman's correlation, respectively. Validity was assessed using convergent and discriminant validity.

Results:
The mean age of 200 subjects enrolled in the study was 19.81+/-4.07 years. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory results (Cronbach's a coefficient = 0.915). The factor analysis showed that all items were in the same groups as previous studies with the exception of role emotional and general health that had been substituted. Most of the patients were in lower range of normal for both mental and physical summary status.

Conclusions:
The study finding showed that the Persian version of SF-36 questionnaire has a good structural characteristic and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with thalassemia major.
Guided Cell Migration on Microtextured Substrates with Variable Local Density and Anisotropy
Authors: Kim Deok‐Ho , Seo Chang‐Ho , Han Karam , Kwon Keon Woo , Levchenko Andre , Suh Kahp‐Yang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis work reports the design of and experimentation with a topographically patterned cell culture substrate of variable local density and anisotropy as a facile and efficient platform to guide the organization and migration of cells in spatially desirable patterns. Using UV‐assisted capillary force lithography, an optically transparent microstructured layer of a UV curable poly(urethane acrylate) resin is fabricated and employed as a cell‐culture substrate after coating with fibronectin. With variable local pattern density and anisotropy present in a single cell‐culture substrate, the differential polarization of cell morphology and movement in a single experiment is quantitatively characterized. It is found that cell shape and velocity are exquisitely sensitive to variation in the local anisotropy of the two‐dimensional rectangular lattice arrays, with cell elongation and speed decreasing on symmetric lattice patterns. It is also found that cells could integrate orthogonal spatial cues when determining the direction of cell orientation and movement. Furthermore, cells preferentially migrate toward the topographically denser areas from sparser ones. Consistent with these results, it is demonstrated that systematic variation of local densities of rectangular lattice arrays enable a planar assembly of cells into a specified location. It is envisioned that lithographically defined substrates of variable local density and anisotropy not only provide a new route to tailoring the cell‐material interface but could serve as a template for advanced tissue engineering.
Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐co‐bithiophene) (F8T2)
Authors: Levermore Peter A. , Jin Rui , Wang Xuhua , de Mello John C. , Bradley Donal D. C. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA study of the optical properties of poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐co‐bithiophene) (F8T2) is reported, identifying this polymer as one that possesses a desirable combination of charge transport and light emission properties. The optical and morphological properties of a series of polymer blends with F8T2 dispersed in poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) (PFO) are described and almost pure‐green emission from light emitting diodes (LEDs) based thereon is demonstrated. High luminance green electroluminescence from LEDs using only a thin film of F8T2 for emission is also reported. The latter demonstration for a polymer previously primarily of interest for effective charge transport constitutes an important step in the development of emissive materials for applications where a union of efficient light emission and effective charge transport is required.
Luminescent Colloidal Dispersion of Silicon Quantum Dots from Microwave Plasma Synthesis: Exploring the Photoluminescence Behavior Across the Visible Spectrum
Authors: Gupta Anoop , Swihart Mark T. , Wiggers Hartmut 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAiming for a more practical route to highly stable visible photoluminescence (PL) from silicon, a novel approach to produce luminescent silicon nanoparticles (Si‐NPs) is developed. Single crystalline Si‐NPs are synthesized by pyrolysis of silane (SiH4) in a microwave plasma reactor at very high production rates (0.1–10 g h−1). The emission wavelength of the Si‐NPs is controlled by etching them in a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. Emission across the entire visible spectrum is obtained by varying the etching time. It is observed that the air oxidation of the etched Si‐NPs profoundly affects their optical properties, and causes their emission to blue‐shift and diminish in intensity with time. Modification of the silicon surface by UV‐induced hydrosilylation also causes a shift in the spectrum. The nature of the shift (red/blue) is dependent on the emission wavelength of the etched Si‐NPs. In addition, the amount of shift depends on the type of organic ligand on the silicon surface and the UV exposure time. The surface modification of Si‐NPs with different alkenes results in highly stable PL and allows their dispersion in a variety of organic solvents. This method of producing macroscopic quantities of Si‐NPs with very high PL stability opens new avenues to applications of silicon quantum dots in optoelectronic and biological fields, and paves the way towards their commercialization.
A Broad Substrate‐Scope Method for Fast, Efficient and Selective Hydrogen Peroxide‐Epoxidation
Authors: Garcia‐Bosch Isaac , Ribas Xavi , Costas Miquel 
Published: February 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe efficient epoxidation of a broad range of olefins using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the oxidant has been accomplished by a manganese catalyst that exhibits an uncommon chemoselectivity.
A twin concordance study of trichotillomania
Authors: Novak Carol E. , Keuthen Nancy J. , Stewart S. Evelyn , Pauls David L. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTrichotillomania (TTM) is a disorder with putative genetic underpinnings. Family studies report higher than expected rates of TTM among relatives of affected individuals, but no twin concordance studies have been completed to estimate heritability rates. Same‐sex twin pairs with hair pulling in at least one co‐twin were included. Subjects were recruited following phone screens and questionnaire completion for zygosity and hair pulling variables. Three sets of criteria were used to define hair pulling and TTM. Two other sets of criteria were widened to include skin picking and bothersome hair manipulation. Fisher exact tests assessed pairwise concordance rates for monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs and heritability estimates were calculated where significant differences existed. Among 34 identified twin pairs, 24 were monozygotic (MZ) and 10 were dizygotic (DZ). Respective concordance rates for MZ and DZ twin pairs were significantly different at 38.1% and 0% for DSM‐IV TTM criteria, 39.1% and 0% using modified DSM criteria, and 58.3% and 20% for noticeable non‐cosmetic hair pulling (heritability estimates 76.2%). MZ and DZ concordance rates were not significantly different when broadening hair pulling criteria to include skin picking or when including bothersome hair manipulation. Concordance rates from this study suggest that genetic factors play a significant role in the etiology of TTM. Given the reported discordance rates among the MZ twins, further research is required to fully understand contributory non‐genetic factors. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variants of the serotonin transporter gene and NEO‐PI‐R Neuroticism: No association in the BLSA and SardiNIA samples
Authors: Terracciano Antonio , Balaci Lenuta , Thayer Jason , Scally Matthew , Kokinos Sarah , Ferrucci Luigi , Tanaka Toshiko , Zonderman Alan B. , Sanna Serena , Olla Nazario , Zuncheddu Maria Antonietta , Naitza Silvia , Busonero Fabio , Uda Manuela , Schlessinger David , Abecasis Gonçalo R. , Costa Paul T. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene promoter region (5‐HTTLPR) is by far the most studied variant hypothesized to influence Neuroticism‐related personality traits. The results of previous studies have been mixed and appear moderated by the personality questionnaire used. Studies that used the TCI to assess Harm Avoidance or the EPQ to assess Neuroticism have found no association with the 5‐HTTLPR. However, studies that used the NEO‐PI‐R or related instruments (NEO‐PI, NEO‐FFI) to measure Neuroticism have found some evidence of association. This study examines the association of variants in the serotonin transporter gene in a sample from a genetically isolated population within Sardinia (Italy) that is several times larger than previous samples that used the NEO‐PI‐R (N = 3,913). The association was also tested in a sample (N = 548) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), in which repeated NEO‐PI‐R assessments were obtained. In the SardiNIA sample, we found no significant association of the 5‐HTTLPR genotypes with Neuroticism or its facets (Anxiety, Angry‐Hostility, Depression, Self‐Consciousness, Impulsiveness, and Vulnerability). In the BLSA sample, we found lower scores on Neuroticism traits for the heterozygous group, which is inconsistent with previous studies. We also examined eight SNPs in the SardiNIA (N = 3,972) and nine SNPs in the BLSA (N = 1,182) that map within or near the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), and found no association. Along with other large studies that used different phenotypic measures and found no association, this study substantially increases the evidence against a link between 5‐HTT variants and Neuroticism‐related traits. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing chimpanzee personality and subjective well‐being in Japan
Authors: Weiss Alexander , Inoue‐Murayama Miho , Hong Kyung‐Won , Inoue Eiji , Udono Toshifumi , Ochiai Tomomi , Matsuzawa Tetsuro , Hirata Satoshi , King James E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWe tested whether the cultural background of raters influenced ratings of chimpanzee personality. Our study involved comparing personality and subjective well‐being ratings of 146 chimpanzees in Japan that were housed in zoos, research institutes, and a retirement sanctuary to ratings of chimpanzees in US and Australian zoos. Personality ratings were made on a translated and expanded version of a questionnaire used to rate chimpanzees in the US and Australia. Subjective well‐being ratings were made on a translated version of a questionnaire used to rate chimpanzees in the US and Australia. The mean interrater reliabilities of the 43 original adjectives did not markedly differ between the present sample and the original sample of 100 zoo chimpanzees in the US. Interrater reliabilities of these samples were highly correlated, suggesting that their rank order was preserved. Comparison of the factor structures for the Japanese sample and for the original sample of chimpanzees in US zoos indicated that the overall structure was replicated and that the Dominance, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness domains clearly generalized. Consistent with earlier studies, older chimpanzees had higher Dominance and lower Extraversion and Openness scores. Correlations between the six domain scores and subjective well‐being were comparable to those for chimpanzees housed in the US and Australia. These findings suggest that chimpanzee personality ratings are not affected by the culture of the raters. Am. J. Primatol. 71:283–292, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthese von Azurin‐Poly(N‐Isopropylacrylamid)‐Konjugaten durch zielgerichtete Mutagenese und deren temperaturabhängiges Verhalten im Elektronentransferprozess
Authors: Rosenberger Nadine , Studer Armido , Takatani Nobuyuki , Nakajima Hiroshi , Watanabe Yoshihito 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAzurin‐PNIPAM‐Konjugate wurden durch zielgerichtete Mutagenese und Proteinrekonstitution mit Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamiden), die Imidazol‐Endgruppen tragen, hergestellt. Das polymergebundene Imidazol bindet an das aktive Zentrum des Kupferproteins Azurin. Die Biokonjugate zeigen temperaturabhängiges Verhalten in Elektronentransferprozessen mit reduziertem Cyctochrom c.magnified image
A Thermally and Hydrolytically Stable Microporous Framework Exhibiting Single‐Chain Magnetism: Structure and Properties of [Co2(H0.67bdt)3]⋅20 H2O
Authors: Ouellette Wayne , Prosvirin Andrey V. , Whitenack Kelly , Dunbar Kim R. , Zubieta Jon 
Published: February 2009

AbstractReichlich Stauraum: Ein hydrothermalchemischer Ansatz führte zu einem Material mit dreidimensionaler Netzwerkstruktur, das 48 % zugängliches Leervolumen enthält und bei 120 kPa Druck 1.5 Gew.‐% Wasserstoff aufnimmt (siehe Bild). Die Titelverbindung ist überdies ein Einzelkettenmagnet, dessen magnetische Eigenschaften sich bei Solvatisierung und Desolvatisierung reversibel verändern.magnified image
Raumtemperaturwachstum von Siliciumoxid‐Nanofilmen: neue Chancen für die Plastikelektronik
Authors: Hoffmann Helmuth 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEine neue Generation von Plastiktransistoren aus leichten, flexiblen organischen Materialien erfordert neue Fabrikationsmethoden auf Basis lösungschemischer Prozesse bei niedrigen Temperaturen, kombiniert mit einer präzisen Kontrolle der Bauteilabmessungen im nm‐Bereich. Ultradünne SiO‐Filme als Gate‐Dielektrika in diesen Transistoren wurden durch einen schichtweisen Abscheidungs‐/Oxidationsprozess aus Filmen einer Polymervorstufe hergestellt.magnified image
Incorporation of Tellurocysteine into Glutathione Transferase Generates High Glutathione Peroxidase Efficiency
Authors: Liu Xiaoman , Silks Louis A. , Liu Cuiping , Ollivault‐Shiflett Morgane , Huang Xin , Li Jing , Luo Guimin , Hou Ya‐Ming , Liu Junqiu , Shen Jiacong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractKonkurrenz für die natürliche Peroxidase: Eine existierende Bindungsstelle für Glutathion wurde mithilfe eines auxotrophen Expressionssystems mit dem katalytischen Aminosäurerest Tellurocystein versehen, um ein modifiziertes, als Glutathionperoxidase wirkendes Enzym zu erhalten (siehe Bild). Die katalytische Aktivität des Telluroenzyms in der Reduktion von Hydroperoxiden durch Glutathion ist mit der Aktivität der nativen Glutathionperoxidase vergleichbar.magnified image
Selectivity Control in Gold‐Mediated Esterification of Methanol
Authors: Xu Bingjun , Liu Xiaoying , Haubrich Jan , Madix Robert J. , Friend Cynthia M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMit Gold zum Erfolg: Atomarer Sauerstoff auf einem Goldsubstrat fördert die Umwandlung von Methanol in Methylformiat, Formaldehyd und Ameisensäure bei niedriger Temperatur (siehe Bild). Die Reaktionen laufen an O‐haltigen Au‐Nanopartikeln ab, die sich bei der Oxidation mit Ozon bei 200 K auf Au(111) bilden; die einfache Veresterung zu Methylformiat gelingt bereits deutlich unterhalb von Raumtemperatur.magnified image
Rhodium(I)‐katalysierte enantioselektive C‐C‐Bindungsaktivierung
Authors: Winter Christian , Krause Norbert 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEinen neuartigen Zugang zu hochsubstituierten Carbo‐ oder Heterocyclen eröffnet die Titelreaktion mit funktionalisierten Cyclobutanen. Besonders spannend ist die Differenzierung enantiotoper C‐C‐Bindungen, die zu hoch enantiomerenangereicherten Lactonen, Cyclopentanonen oder Cyclohexenonen führt (siehe Schema).magnified image
Engineering Bisquinolinium/Thiazole Orange Conjugates for Fluorescent Sensing of G‐Quadruplex DNA
Authors: Yang Peng , De Cian Anne , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule , Mergny Jean‐Louis , Monchaud David 
Published: February 2009

AbstractErhellend: Eine für G‐Quadruplexe spezifische Fluoreszenzsonde kombiniert die Spezifität des Pyridodicarboxamid‐Motivs für Guanin‐Quadruplexe mit der Fluoreszenz von Thiazolorange. Die Verknüpfung beider Komponenten mit einer flexiblen Brücke führt zu einer nichtselektiven Sonde, doch der Einbau in ein starres Gerüst resultiert in einem Farbstoff, der sich zum Nachweis von G‐Quadruplexen eignet.magnified image
Tuning the Supramolecular Chirality of Polyaniline by Methyl Substitution
Authors: Yan Yong , Deng Ke , Yu Zai , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDrehsinn nach Wunsch: Die induzierte Helizität und die supramolekularen Strukturen von Polyanilinen konnten über die Methylsubstitution des Comonomers eingestellt werden. Copolymer‐Nanofasern aus Anilin und m‐Toluidin (PMANI) wiesen die umgekehrte Helizität wie reine Polyanilin‐Nanofasern (PANI) auf, während mit o‐Toluidin (POANI) die gleiche Helizität wie bei den PANI‐Fasern resultierte (siehe Bild).magnified image
Selective CF Bond Activation of Tetrafluorobenzenes by Nickel(0) with a Nitrogen Donor Analogous to N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Doster Meghan E. , Johnson Samuel A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNHC? Nein, nur N! Ein neutraler, basischer und stark σ‐donierender Stickstoffligand mit ähnlichen Eigenschaften wie N‐heterocyclische Carbene (NHCs) ermöglicht oxidative Additionen schwieriger Substrate an späte Übergangsmetalle. Bei Raumtemperatur wurde für Hexa‐, Penta‐ und alle drei Isomere von Tetrafluorbenzol mit einer Nickel(0)‐Quelle in Gegenwart dieses Liganden eine selektive C‐F‐Aktivierung beobachtet.magnified image
The Proline‐Catalyzed Double Mannich Reaction of Acetaldehyde with N‐Boc Imines
Authors: Chandler Carley , Galzerano Patrizia , Michrowska Anna , List Benjamin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDoppelkreuz: Prolin katalysiert doppelte Mannich‐Reaktionen von Acetaldehyd mit N‐Boc‐Iminen, die ausgezeichnete Ausbeuten ergeben (bis 99 %; Boc=tert‐Butoxycarbonyl) und mit annähernd vollständigen Diastereo‐ und Enantioselektivitäten verlaufen. Je nach Wahl des Katalysators sind sowohl das chirale, pseudo‐C2‐symmetrische Diastereomer als auch die entsprechende meso‐Verbindung zugänglich. Gekreuzte doppelte Mannich‐Reaktionen von Acetaldehyd mit zwei unterschiedlichen Iminen werden ebenfalls präsentiert.magnified image
Asymmetrische Ringschlussmetathese mit Pfiff
Authors: Klare Hendrik F. T. , Oestreich Martin 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDoppelter Salto! Der gezeigte Katalysator mit Molybdän‐Stereozentrum und einzähnigen Liganden (Si=SitBuMe2) ermöglicht die asymmetrische Ringschlussmetathese einer breiten Substratpalette. Seine beispiellose Aktivität geht auf seine veränderliche Struktur zurück, die eine doppelte Inversion am Metallzentrum innerhalb eines Katalysezyklus zulässt. Der Katalysator wurde in einer Metathesereaktion auf dem Weg zu (+)‐Quebrachamin getestet.magnified image
Azurin–Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) Conjugates by Site‐Directed Mutagenesis and their Thermosensitive Behavior in Electron‐Transfer Processes
Authors: Rosenberger Nadine , Studer Armido , Takatani Nobuyuki , Nakajima Hiroshi , Watanabe Yoshihito 
Published: February 2009

AbstractSearching for “intelligence”: Azurin–PNIPAM conjugates were prepared by site‐directed mutagenesis followed by protein reconstitution by using imidazole‐conjugated poly(N‐isopropylacrylamides). The polymer‐bound imidazole acts as a ligand in the active site of the blue copper protein azurin. The bioconjugates showed thermosensitive behavior in electron‐transfer processes with reduced cytochrome c.magnified image