bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of downhole throttling technology to mitigate sustained casing pressure
Authors: Wang Faqing , Qin Deyou , Zhang Bao , Wang Fangzhi , Zhong Ting , Shang Zhengkai , Cui Hangbo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSustained casing pressure (SCP) and/or annular pressure build-up (APB) can pose severe threats to the safe operation of high-pressure, high-production gas wells, leading to premature well abandonment, unplanned workovers, significant production losses, and exorbitant detection costs. The techniques for addressing these issues broadly fall into two categories of rig-based and rig-less workovers. The rig-less workovers are the most cost-effective, outperforming surefooted rig-based workovers because there are many techniques for detecting downhole leaks, especially those utilizing rig-less data. As an established technique used elsewhere in the petroleum industry, downhole chokes have been proposed to mitigate SCP. However, some critical questions remain unanswered. For this reason and to facilitate field applicability, essential parameters, such as choke depth, are optimized in this work under various leaking circumstances in the tubing string. By using commercial software, the evolution of the annulus pressure with one single leak is analysed under the influences of certain parameters, such as leakage depth, casing pressure relief, production shifts, and initial gas column height in the tubing/casing annulus; then, the patterns of fluid exchange between the tubing and casing string and the annular pressure rise are investigated for two successive leaks. Finally, based on the resulting insights, the adaptability levels of downhole throttling technology for mitigating SCP are investigated under various scenarios with either single or double leaks. The results show that the key to success is to land below the leak for a single leak and below the lower leak for double leaks. The conclusions provide a low-cost, rigid measure for abating SCP.
Threatened and Priority listed Melaleuca species from Western Australia display high susceptibility to Austropuccinia psidii in controlled inoculations
Authors: Martino Alyssa M. , Park Robert F. , Tobias Peri A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAustropuccinia psidii causes rust disease on species within the family Myrtaceae. It was first detected in Australia in 2010, with the first detection in Western Australia in 2022. While species within the genus Melaleuca from eastern Australia show variable responses to the pathogen, little is known of the response of species from Western Australia. This study established that 13 previously unscreened species of Melaleuca, including Threatened and Priority listed species that were grown from seeds sourced from Western Australian populations, were susceptible four months post-germination to the pandemic strain of the pathogen. The proportion of highly susceptible plants within a single species ranged from 2 to 94%, with several species displaying highly variable levels of resistance to A. psidii. These results highlight the importance of disease screening and may direct conservation efforts.
Microstructured Cantilever Probe on Optical Fiber Tip for Microforce Sensor
Authors: Wang Famei , Liao Changrui , Zou Mengqiang , Liu Dejun , Huang Haoqiang , Liu Chao , Wang Yiping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBenefiting from the great advances of the femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization (TPP) technology, customized microcantilever probes can be accurately 3-dimensional (3D) manufactured at the nanoscale size and thus have exhibited considerable potentials in the fields of microforce, micro-vibration, and microforce sensors. In this work, a controllable microstructured cantilever probe on an optical fiber tip for microforce detection is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. The static performances of the probe are firstly investigated based on the finite element method (FEM), which provides the basis for the structural design. The proposed cantilever probe is then 3D printed by means of the TPP technology. The experimental results show that the elastic constant k of the proposed cantilever probe can be actively tuned from 2.46 N/m to 62.35 N/m. The force sensitivity is 2.5 nm/µN, the Q-factor is 368.93, and the detection limit is 57.43 nN. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the cantilever probe can be flexibly adjusted by the geometric configuration of the cantilever. Thus, it has an enormous potential for matching the mechanical properties of biological samples in the direct contact mode.
Cognitive ability and the house money effect in public goods games
Authors: Hackinger Julian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractI experimentally investigate the relation of endowment origin, cognitive abilities (as measured by the Cognitive Reflection Test, CRT), and co-operation in a one-shot linear public goods game. The results show that subjects’ contributions depend on an interplay of cognitive abilities and endowment origin. A house money effect exists only for subjects with low CRT scores. They contribute more when income was allocated to them and less when income was obtained by effort. In contrast, subjects with high CRT scores contribute the same amount independent of income type. The findings have implications for redistribution, team production, and experimental designs.
Tri-chalcogenides (Sb2S3/Bi2S3) solar cells with double electron transport layers: design and simulation
Authors: Saifee Md Amanullah , Latief Urosa , Ali Javid , Khan Mohd. Shahid 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo make technology accessible to everyone, it is essential to focus on affordability and durability of the devices. Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) and bismuth (III) sulfide (Bi2S3) are low-cost and stable materials that are commonly used in photovoltaic devices due to their non-toxic nature and abundance. These materials are particularly promising for photovoltaic applications as they are effective light-absorbing materials. In this study, we utilized the Solar cell Capacitance Simulator- One-Dimensional (SCAPS-1D) software to investigate the parameters of a double electron transport layer (ETL) solar cell based on Sb2S3/ Bi2S3. The parameters examined included thickness of the absorber layer, overall defect density, density of acceptors, radiative recombination coefficient, series and shunt resistance, and work function of the back contact. The solar cell structure studied was FTO/SnO2/CdS/ Sb2S3 and Bi2S3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au. By incorporating a SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL) into the double ETL structure of Sb2S3 and Bi2S3 solar cells, we observed a significant enhancement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Specifically, the PCE increased to 19.71% for the Sb2S3 solar cell and 24.05% for the Bi2S3 solar cell. In contrast, without SnO2, the single ETL-based CdS solar cell achieved a maximum PCE of 18.27 and 23.05% for Sb2S3 and Bi2S3, respectively.
Team science competencies for clinical research professionals: A multileveled Delphi approach
Authors: Mendell Angela , Fritter Jessica , Helm Shirley , Capili Bernadette , Hildreth Laura , Johnson Kathryn , Varnadoe Christa , Kopras Elizabeth , Sprecher Jen , Summerside Nicole , Carter Karen , Ronning Andrea , Exe Nicole , Kolb H. Robert , Jones Carolynn T. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
The knowledge, skills, and abilities needed for clinical research professionals (CRPs) are described in the Joint Task Force (JTF) for Clinical Trial Competencies Framework as a basis for leveled educational programs, training curricula, and certification. There is a paucity of literature addressing team science competencies tailored to CRPs. Gaps in training, research, and education can restrict their capability to effectively contribute to team science.

Materials/Methods:
The CRP Team Science team consisted of 18 members from 7 clinical and translational science awarded institutions. We employed a multi-stage, modified Delphi approach to define “Smart Skills” and leveled team science skills examples using individual and team science competencies identified by Lotrecchiano et al.

Results:
Overall, 59 team science Smart Skills were identified resulting in 177 skills examples across three levels: fundamental, skilled, and advanced. Two examples of the leveled skillsets for individual and team competencies are illustrated. Two vignettes were created to illustrate application for training.

Discussion:
This work provides a first-ever application of team science for CRPs by defining specific individual and team science competencies for each level of the CRP career life course. This work will enhance the JTF Domains 7 (Leadership and Professionalism) and 8 (Communication and Teamwork) which are often lacking in CRP training programs. The supplement provides a full set of skills and examples from this work.

Conclusion:
Developing team science skills for CRPs may contribute to more effective collaborations across interdisciplinary clinical research teams. These skills may also improve research outcomes and stabilize the CRP workforce.
Taxonomies of exclusion: Storytelling, naming and classification in an age of extinction
Authors: Tabak Eline D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmong the stories on individual examples of charismatic fauna, there are also extinction stories that evoke databases and their aesthetics in how they list endangered species. At the same time, these different stories grapple with a legacy of taxonomy that, while necessary in conservation, also carries a history of exclusion. This paper turns to the poetry of Claire Wahmanholm and Juliana Spahr to consider some of the ways extinction stories can be told outside of the relatively narrow scope of charismatic species. To begin, I reflect on extinction storytelling and the classificatory impulse in some of these stories, including poetry. Then, I consider scientific practices of naming before I turn back to Wahmanholm and Spahr and explore practices of naming and classification in their poetry. Following that, I dwell on the influence of scientific classification on the ways people including poets can engage with extinction. The poems in this paper are not merely an object for analysis; they should be considered an invitation to come to terms with and move beyond complicated histories and practices of naming and classification in storytelling.
Evaluation of autism awareness and knowledge levels among Syrian migrants living in Türkiye
Authors: Davun Selin , Sezerol Mehmet Akif 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the autism knowledge level and awareness of individuals over the age of 18 who applied to immigrant health centers in Istanbul, Gaziantep and Kilis, where the Syrian immigrant population is dense. This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2022 and April 2023 in 896 immigrants. The sample of the research consists of immigrants residing in Türkiye and who applied to the immigrant health centers in Istanbul, Gaziantep and Kilis for any reason at the time of the research. A questionnaire consisting of three parts was applied to the immigrant people face-to-face. While 38.4% of the participants were female, 61.6% were male. The mean age of the participants is 34.63 ± 10.74. It was determined that people’s place of residence, whether they have children, marital status and income status have significant effects on autism knowledge levels (p < 0.001). Since the importance of early diagnosis in autism is known, it is of great importance for people to have knowledge and awareness on this issue. This study will investigate the awareness of the immigrant population, who are faced with traumatic events such as war and migration, and will shed light on future intervention studies.
High-energy laser facility PHELIX at GSI: latest advances and extended capabilities
Authors: Major Zs. , Eisenbarth U. , Zielbauer B. , Brabetz C. , Ohland J. B. , Zobus Y. , Roeder S. , Reemts D. , Kunzer S. , Götte S. , Neidherr D. , Hornung J. , Kewes P. , Schumacher D. , Beck D. , Hesselbach P. , Malki M. , Neumayer P. , Weyrich K. , Tauschwitz A. , Bagnoud V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The high-energy/high-intensity laser facility PHELIX of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany, has been in operation since 2008. Here, we review the current system performance, which is the result of continuous development and further improvement. Through its versatile frontend architecture, PHELIX can be operated in both long- and short-pulse modes, corresponding to ns-pulses with up to 1 kJ pulse energy and sub-ps, 200 J pulses, respectively. In the short-pulse mode, the excellent temporal contrast and the control over the wavefront make PHELIX an ideal driver for secondary sources of high-energy ions, neutrons, electrons and X-rays. The long-pulse mode is mainly used for plasma heating, which can then be probed by the heavy-ion beam of the linear accelerator of GSI. In addition, PHELIX can now be used to generate X-rays for studying exotic states of matter created by heavy-ion heating using the ion beam of the heavy-ion synchrotron of GSI.
WHEN IS THE SILTING-DISCRETENESS INHERITED?
Authors: AIHARA TAKUMA , HONMA TAKAHIRO 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe explore when the silting-discreteness is inherited. As a result, one obtains that taking idempotent truncations and homological epimorphisms of algebras transmit the silting-discreteness. We also study classification of silting-discrete simply-connected tensor algebras and silting-indiscrete self-injective Nakayama algebras. This paper contains two appendices; one states that every derived-discrete algebra is silting-discrete, and the other is about triangulated categories whose silting objects are tilting.
Classification of compact radio sources in the Galactic plane with supervised machine learning
Authors: Riggi S. , Umana G. , Trigilio C. , Bordiu C. , Bufano F. , Ingallinera A. , Cavallaro F. , Gordon Y. , Norris R.P. , Gürkan G. , Leto P. , Buemi C. , Loru S. , Hopkins A.M. , Filipović M.D. , Cecconello T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeneration of science-ready data from processed data products is one of the major challenges in next-generation radio continuum surveys with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and its precursors, due to the expected data volume and the need to achieve a high degree of automated processing. Source extraction, characterization, and classification are the major stages involved in this process. In this work we focus on the classification of compact radio sources in the Galactic plane using both radio and infrared images as inputs. To this aim, we produced a curated dataset of$\sim$20 000 images of compact sources of different astronomical classes, obtained from past radio and infrared surveys, and novel radio data from pilot surveys carried out with the Australian SKA Pathfinder. Radio spectral index information was also obtained for a subset of the data. We then trained two different classifiers on the produced dataset. The first model uses gradient-boosted decision trees and is trained on a set of pre-computed features derived from the data, which include radio-infrared colour indices and the radio spectral index. The second model is trained directly on multi-channel images, employing convolutional neural networks. Using a completely supervised procedure, we obtained a high classification accuracy (F1-score > 90%) for separating Galactic objects from the extragalactic background. Individual class discrimination performances, ranging from 60% to 75%, increased by 10% when adding far-infrared and spectral index information, with extragalactic objects, PNe and Hiiregions identified with higher accuracies. The implemented tools and trained models were publicly released and made available to the radioastronomical community for future application on new radio data.
Paleoclimate Proxies and the Benefits of Disunity
Authors: Watkins Aja 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMeasuring the climates of the deep past requires the use of paleoclimate proxies. I describe two proxy data and measurement practices, regarding proxy calibration and proxy data infrastructure. I document how at least some data and measurement practices in paleoclimatology are disunified: these practices do not involve intercalibration or otherwise statistical combination of multiple proxy records, and metadata necessary for proxy data to be reused or intercompared is often not provided. I argue that, perhaps counterintuitively, this lack of standardization and unification of proxy data and measurements has several benefits, especially related to the management of error and uncertainty.
Titratable residues that drive RND efflux: Insights from molecular simulations
Authors: Clark Robert , Newman Kahlan E. , Khalid Syma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The resistance–nodulation–division efflux machinery confers antimicrobial resistance to Gram-negative bacteria by actively pumping antibiotics out of the cell. The protein complex is powered by proton motive force; however, the proton transfer mechanism itself and indeed even its stoichiometry is still unclear. Here we review computational studies from the last decade that focus on elucidating the number of protons transferred per conformational cycle of the pump. Given the difficulties in studying proton movement using even state-of-the-art structural biology methods, the contributions from computational studies have been invaluable from a mechanistic perspective.
CHARACTERISATION OF PRIMES DIVIDING THE INDEX OF A CLASS OF POLYNOMIALS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Authors: JAKHAR ANUJ 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet
${\mathbb {Z}}_{K}$
denote the ring of algebraic integers of an algebraic number field
$K = {\mathbb Q}(\theta )$
, where
$\theta $
is a root of a monic irreducible polynomial
$f(x) = x^n + a(bx+c)^m \in {\mathbb {Z}}[x]$
,
$1\leq m<n$
. We say
$f(x)$
is monogenic if
$\{1, \theta , \ldots , \theta ^{n-1}\}$
is a basis for
${\mathbb {Z}}_K$
. We give necessary and sufficient conditions involving only
$a, b, c, m, n$
for
$f(x)$
to be monogenic. Moreover, we characterise all the primes dividing the index of the subgroup
${\mathbb {Z}}[\theta ]$
in
${\mathbb {Z}}_K$
. As an application, we also provide a class of monogenic polynomials having non square-free discriminant and Galois group
$S_n$
, the symmetric group on n letters.
Application of computer vision and deep learning models to automatically classify medically important mosquitoes in North Borneo, Malaysia
Authors: Ong Song-Quan , Ab Majid Abdul Hafiz , Li Wei-Jun , Wang Jian-Guo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMosquito-borne diseases have emerged in North Borneo in Malaysia due to rapid changes in the forest landscape, and mosquito surveillance is key to understanding disease transmission. However, surveillance programmes involving sampling and taxonomic identification require well-trained personnel, are time-consuming and labour-intensive. In this study, we aim to use a deep leaning model (DL) to develop an application capable of automatically detecting mosquito vectors collected from urban and suburban areas in North Borneo, Malaysia. Specifically, a DL model called MobileNetV2 was developed using a total of 4880 images of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, which are widely distributed in Malaysia. More importantly, the model was deployed as an application that can be used in the field. The model was fine-tuned with hyperparameters of learning rate 0.0001, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.01 and the performance of the model was tested for accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score. Inference time was also considered during development to assess the feasibility of the model as an app in the real world. The model showed an accuracy of at least 97%, a precision of 96% and a recall of 97% on the test set. When used as an app in the field to detect mosquitoes with the elements of different background environments, the model was able to achieve an accuracy of 76% with an inference time of 47.33 ms. Our result demonstrates the practicality of computer vision and DL in the real world of vector and pest surveillance programmes. In the future, more image data and robust DL architecture can be explored to improve the prediction result.
Recovering the Dalit Public Sphere: Vernacular Liberalism in Late Colonial North India
Authors: Rawat Ramnarayan S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDrawing from publications by Swami Achutanand and the Adi-Hindu Mahasabha press between 1916 and 1940, this article examines the role of this north Indian Dalit organization in creating language and categories of liberalism in the Hindi vernacular. The Mahasabha poet-activists published numerous song-booklets in a variety of Hindi song genres to intervene in ongoing discussions on the subjects of representation and equality which they characterized as mulki-haq and unch-niche. Histories of liberties in late colonial India have typically examined its emergence within dominant Hindu and Muslim middle-class groups. This article uncovers the unique contributions of Dalit poet-activists who recognized the value of liberal ideas and institutions in challenging caste and abolishing “Manu’s Kanun” (lawgiver Manu’s Hindu law codes). It highlights the methodological importance of mohalla (neighborhood) sources usually located in Dalit activists’ houses in untouchable quarters. The chapbooks found in mohalla collections have enabled the writing of a new history of the Mahasabha’s activism and of the initiatives taken by poet-activists in founding a new Dalit politics in northern India. I explore the emergence of a Dalit literate public which sustained the activities of the Mahasabha and which responded with enthusiasm to its articulation of the new social identity of Achut (untouched) and a new political identity of Adi-Hindus—original inhabitants of Hindustan (India). Offering a new methodological approach in using mohalla sources and song-booklets composed in praise of liberal institutions, this essay makes a significant contribution to the recovery of a forgotten Dalit public sphere in early twentieth-century India.
Of Rule not Revenue: South Sudan’s Revenue Complex from Colonial, Rebel, to Independent Rule, 1899 to 2023
Authors: Benson Matthew Sterling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article analyses taxation practices in colonial, post-colonial rebel-led, and independent South Sudan and argues that the ethos of taxation in the region has been and remains primarily oriented around predatory and coercive strategies of rule. This overarching pattern endures because the fundamental structure and rationale of revenue-raising practices, which collectively constitute South Sudan’s revenue complex, have not changed since at least Anglo-Egyptian occupation of the region in 1899. The paper explains how tax collecting as predation began when the first colonial administration deployed taxes to acquire loyalty from customary authorities such as chiefs and sheikhs, who personally benefitted from their taxation powers. From the early 1960s to 2005, armed groups in the region periodically fought against Khartoum-led rule, and rebels extorted taxes from the population to help fuel their war efforts. Taxes in today’s South Sudan, which acquired independence in 2011, are not collected to raise revenue except to pay off the individuals collecting them, and they continue to generate predation. The rise of international aid and windfalls from oil revenues have further diminished taxation’s financial significance for the national government and have altered local authorities’ coercive demands for payment. The portrait that emerges from the practices of South Sudan’s successive war-makers and state-makers is one of taxation wielded as a technology of rule, one of coercion and often extortion, to fulfil the self-interests of tax collectors. The article is based on archival research in Sudanese and South Sudanese national archives, British colonial archives, and 205 interviews conducted in South Sudan.