bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universe inflation and nonlinear electrodynamics
Authors: Kruglov S. I. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe analyse the inflation of the universe when the source of gravity is electromagnetic fields obeying nonlinear electrodynamics, with two parameters and without singularities. The cosmology of the universe with stochastic magnetic fields is considered, and the condition for universe inflation is obtained. It is demonstrated that singularities of energy density and pressure are absent as the scale factor approaches zero. When the scale factor goes to infinity, we have the equation of state for the ultra-relativistic case. The curvature invariants do not possess singularities. The evolution of the universe shows that at large time scales, the scale factor corresponds to the radiation era. The duration of universe inflation is also analysed. We study the classical stability and causality by computing the speed of sound. Cosmological parameters including the spectral index $$n_s$$

n
s

, the tensor-to-scalar ratio r, and the running of the spectral index $$\alpha _s$$

α
s

are evaluated.
Triple charmonium production in pQCD
Authors: Blok B. , Mehl J. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study the role of $$1\rightarrow 2$$

1
→
2

and $$1\rightarrow 3$$

1
→
3

processes in triple charmonium production in the leading logarithmic approximation (LLA). We see that the ratio of effective cross sections of TPS and DPS only moderately depends on charmonium transverse momenta, but the total DPS and TPS cross sections each separately may have rather strong dependence on charmonia transverse momenta in the central kinematics region that can be studied experimentally.
Automorphisms of the category of free non-associative algebras with unit
Authors: Aladova Elena , Sousa de Lima Oliveira Jéssica Stefanny 
Published: February 2024

The goal of this paper is to describe the group of strongly stable automorphisms of the category of free finitely generated non-associative algebras with unit. The motivation of this research comes from universal algebraic geometry. From this perspective, our main result tells us what are the non-associative algebras with unit geometrically similar to a given one. The characterization of strongly stable automorphisms is provided by the method of verbal operations. We also specify some facts related to behavior of nullary operations on arbitrary algebraic structures.
Computational Techniques in PET/CT Image Processing for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Mapping Review
Authors: Carrasco Karen , Tomalá Lenin , Ramírez Meza Eileen , Meza Bolaños Doris , Ramírez Montalvan Washington 
Published: February 2024

The problem arises from the lack of sufficient and comprehensive information about the necessary computer techniques. These techniques are crucial for developing information systems that assist doctors in diagnosing breast cancer, especially those related to positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT). Despite global efforts in breast cancer prevention and control, the scarcity of literature poses an obstacle to a complete understanding in this area of interest. The methodologies studied were systematic mapping and systematic literature review. For each article, the journal, conference, year of publication, dataset, breast cancer characteristics, PET/CT processing techniques, metrics and diagnostic yield results were identified. Sixty-four articles were analyzed, 44 (68.75%) belong to journals and 20 (31.25%) belong to the conference category. A total of 102 techniques were identified, which were distributed in preprocessing with 7 (6.86%), segmentation with 15 (14.71%), feature extraction with 15 (14.71%), and classification with 65 (63.73%). The techniques with the highest incidence identified in each stage are: Gaussian Filter, SLIC, Local Binary Pattern, and Support Vector Machine with 4, 2, 7, and 35 occurrences, respectively. Support Vector Machine is the predominant technique in the classification stage, due to the fact that Artificial Intelligence is emerging in medical image processing and health care to make expert systems increasingly intelligent and obtain favorable results.
Digital Activism in Transitional Democracies
Authors: Saka Luqman , Ojo Segun Emmanuel 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study examines the deployment of digital tools in pushing citizen activism on political accountability and empowerment using the 2018 #EndSARS campaign in Nigeria as point of reference. In so doing, the article explores the utility of digital activism and analyze the successes and challenges associated with the effectiveness of its use to advance citizens’ voices in transitional democracies. The study deployed Chorus Analytics to harvest and thematically analyze 13,000 tweets of Nigerians that relate to the 2018 #EndSARS campaign. The article argues that the campaign can be deemed successful given that it elicited and raised public discourse on police abuse in Nigeria. The study observes the absence of strong institutions as a challenge to digital activism in transitional democracies. The individuality of activism leaders also poses a significant danger to digital activism. The findings demonstrate the weaknesses associated with transitional democracies in the area of building strong institutions.
Social Capital, Import Competition, and Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Etzerodt Søren Frank 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This research note examines the relationship between social capital, economic globalization, and COVID-19 vaccines in U.S. counties. The author argues that the positive health benefits of community-level social capital can be undermined by import competition. Leveraging data from U.S. counties this note shows that the positive correlation between community social capital and vaccine uptake is lower in communities harder hit by import competition. This is however only the case for bridging and not for bonding social capital. These findings indicate that economic globalization can undermine the positive health impact of community social capital which has implications for inequalities in public health as well as responses to major health crises.
Elections, Type of Regime and Risks of Revolutionary Destabilization
Authors: Korotayev Andrey , Zhdanov Andrew , Krivenko Gleb 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This analysis finds that the impact of elections on risks of armed insurrections is not statistically significant, whereas unarmed uprisings/nonviolent revolutions are more likely to occur in the election year. It is also shown that the influence of elections on unarmed revolutionary destabilization had tended to grow with time. The election year became a significant factor of nonviolent revolutionary destabilization only after the end of the Cold War, and the impact of elections on the probability of unarmed revolutions has become particularly strong in this century (when elections in the given year increase the probability of an unarmed uprising more than three times). At the same time, holding elections primarily increases the risks of revolutionary destabilization in intermediate regimes (anocracies). But even among anocracies, open anocracies/partial democracies stand out, as here elections increase the probability of unarmed uprisings in an especially dramatic way.
“guhte Nacht du liebſter Ort”
Authors: Saar Lina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The night plays an important role in Sibylla Schwarz’ self-presentation as a female poet. On the one hand, she expresses her poetic skills by using the night as a literary motif which she combines with metaphors of farewell and death. On the other hand, she presents the night as the time and place of the creation of her poetry, thereby marking it as a secondary activity accepted within the gender discourse of early modern culture. Schwarz’ use of the motif of the night vividly illustrates the interplay of convention, strategy and lifeworld reference that is characteristic of her poetry.
“Warheit wil gesaget sein”
Authors: Sommer Julia 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article examines the link between politics and poetry in Sibylla Schwarz’ work. In various texts, the author negotiates socio-political discourses on the hierarchical society, the position and appreciation of poets, as well as on her self-image as a woman and as a female writer. Poetry and the creation of poetry permeate her texts on a thematic level. Literature, however, is also her tool and means of expression with which she challenges injustice and false values and thus inscribes herself in the discourses of her time.
Niederländische Dichterinnen als Vorbild und Anregung?
Authors: Bremer Kai 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Research has so far argued that Anna Maria van Schurman is the Dutch poet to whom Sibylla Schwarz alludes in her poem “Ein Gesang wieder den Neidt”. This article not only argues that Schwarz was rather alluding to the Dutch poet Anna Roemers Visscher; it also discusses what significance the openness of Dutch poetry towards female authors could have had for a young female poet in Germany.
The Origin of the Khanate of Karabakh
Authors: Maghalyan Artak 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the absence of the Armenian independent statehood, the Artsakh principalities (melikdoms) were the only force based on which, if possible, the Armenian state could revive. In general, the Artsakh principalities were free and sovereign, so long as the heart of the ruler of one of them was not captured with the sense of treachery. When in 1752 by the connivance of the governor Varanda Melik-Shahnazar II Panah Khan, the head of a tribe of nomadic Sarijallu, was firmed up in Artsakh, he and his son Ibrahim managed to significantly weaken the Armenian principalities. Inflicting great damage they could not change the situation in the province.
With the establishment of the Russian dominion in Karabakh the khanate was abolished because of its administrative and political failure and the lack of significant support among the local population.
Hydraulic Analysis and Cold-Air Pool Interaction of the Raco Gap Wind
Authors: Muñoz Ricardo C. , Armi Laurence 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Raco is a local wind occurring in central Chile where the Maipo River Canyon exits into the Santiago valley. The intensification of the easterly down-canyon flow starts at any time during some cold season nights, accompanied by increases in temperature and drops in humidity. The hypothesis of the raco being a gap wind controlled by the narrowest section in the 12-km canyon exit corridor is tested with data from two events in July 2018 and July 2019. The data are analyzed in the framework of hydraulic theory, and a subcritical-to-supercritical transition is documented to occur at the narrows of the gap where the Froude number is close to unity, confirmed by radiosondes launched in the narrows in 2019. For the raco flow, the sum of potential and kinetic energy is conserved upstream of the narrows, while the acceleration occurring farther downstream loses a large fraction of energy to frictional dissipation. The raco events occur under the influence of regional subsidence, but a differential nocturnal warming of the in-canyon air mass is responsible for a pressure gradient driving the raco. In the 2019 case, a ceilometer mounted on an instrumented pickup truck documented the structure and movement of the interface between the raco air and the cold-air pool (CAP) existing over the valley to the west. Together with a radiosonde launched near the CAP–raco surface front, the observations reveal the intense shear-driven mixing taking place at the interface and the factors supporting the establishment of a stationary front.
Impact of Extratropical Circulation in East Asia on Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Frequency and Intensity
Authors: Jin Rui , Yu Hui , Wu Zhiwei , Chan Johnny C. L. , Ying Ming , Zhang Peng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study examines the East Asia and western North Pacific (WNP) monsoon circulation patterns for strong and weak WNP tropical cyclone (TC) numbers in summer. It suggested that years with more intense TCs are coupled with the tropical monsoon circulations, including the northward cross-equatorial airflow and the extending tropical monsoon trough toward the central-eastern WNP. However, a higher frequency of weak TCs can be largely attributed to the mutual interactions among the tropical monsoon trough west of 140°E, the westward South Asia high, and the high pressure anomaly in Northeast Asia (NEA). Then the potential influence of the NEA extratropical system is focused on. The resultant local negative potential vorticity (PV) anomaly is carried southeastward by the prevailing flow. It stimulates a descending flow around 30°N, which favors the westward retreat of the South Asian high and the decreased zonal vertical wind shear around 20°N. The associated lower-level outflow converges in the tropical WNP and reinforces the ascending motion around 10°–20°N. Meanwhile, the warm air column in NEA also contributes to anomalous easterlies in a band around 30°N, intensifying the lower-level cyclonic vorticity in the northwestern WNP. Consequently, the ascending motion, cyclonic vorticity, and the weakened zonal vertical wind shear in northwestern WNP promote the WTC formation. A set of physically based empirical models is developed using various physically based predictors to reconstruct the number of intense and weak TCs. Cross-validated hindcasts suggest that the NEA extratropical circulation can serve as an additional source of predictability for the weak TC variability.

Significance Statement
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are a highly destructive type of natural disaster that have garnered widespread attention. By comparison with intense TCs (ITCs), weak TCs (WTCs) are much more numerous and often form closer to the coastal regions of East Asia, whose mechanism has not been fully understood. In this study, we suggest that more ITCs are controlled by tropical monsoon circulations, while the WTC variability is closely coupled with both tropical and extratropical monsoon systems. In addition to the tropical monsoon trough west of 140°E and the westward South Asian high, the Northeast Asian circulation can regulate the WTC number by changing the lower-level vorticity, vertical motion, and vertical wind shear in the WTC genesis-prone region, which can be applied to improve the seasonal prediction skill of WTCs.
Nonlinear Response of Summertime Synoptic-Scale Disturbance Intensity over the Tropical Western North Pacific to ENSO Amplitude
Authors: Gu Qinlu , Wu Renguang , Yeh Sang-Wook 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibits nonlinearity in its amplitude and impacts. This study investigates the dependence of summertime synoptic-scale disturbance (SSD) intensity over the tropical western North Pacific (TWNP) on the ENSO amplitude. A tendency of nonlinearity exists in the observed response of the TWNP SSD intensity to the amplitude of tropical central-eastern Pacific (CEP) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in boreal summer. Numerical experiments are conducted with an atmospheric general circulation model with linearly varying tropical CEP SST anomalies imposed to illustrate the nonlinearity exclusively induced by changes in the ENSO amplitude. A linear increase in the amplitude of El Niño–like SST anomalies results in a nonlinear enhancement of SSD intensity over the TWNP, manifested as the increase in SSD intensity at a rate larger than expected by linear response with an eastward shift. This is attributed to the nonlinear intensification of anomalous ascent over the TWNP induced by tropical convection response to positive tropical CEP SST anomalies and the nonlinear effect of anomalous convection on the synoptic-scale activity. In contrast, as La Niña–like SST anomalies increase linearly, the SSD intensity over the TWNP decreases at a rate slower than expected from a linear response and even reaches saturation with little longitudinal shift. Due to the thermodynamic control on the occurrence of deep convection in the tropics, enhanced negative SST anomalies do not induce additional changes in anomalous descent over the tropical CEP. Thus, the TWNP SSD intensity no longer decreases with further increase in tropical CEP cold SST anomalies.

Significance Statement
Synoptic-scale disturbances (SSDs) over the tropical western North Pacific (TWNP) play an important role in weather and climate over East and Southeast Asia. Impacts of those SSDs are contingent on their intensity. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has substantial impacts on weather and climate worldwide, including the SSDs over the TWNP. ENSO displays a diversity in amplitude, spatial pattern, and temporal evolution. The present study investigates the response of the TWNP SSD intensity to varying ENSO amplitude during boreal summer and reveals a distinctive nonlinear response of the TWNP SSD intensity to the amplitude of El Niño and La Niña, which has important implication for understanding the impacts of ENSO on climate over the TWNP and Asia.
Why Was the Weakening of Typhoon In-fa (2021) to the East of Taiwan Island Not Forecasted in the GFS?
Authors: Liang Jia , Wu Liguang , Xiang Chunyi , Liu Qingyuan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Typhoon In-fa (2021) experienced a weakening process on 22–23 July in a large-scale environment favorable for tropical cyclone (TC) intensification. All operational forecasts and the Global Forecast System (GFS) forecasts predicted a continuous intensification, which deviated significantly from the observation. The analysis of the GFS analysis product shows a coalescence process of Typhoon In-fa with an intraseasonal monsoon gyre during the period, resulting in an increased outer size of In-fa and well-organized convection to the east, which prevented transporting the mass and moisture into the inner-core area of In-fa, thus leading to the weakening. Nevertheless, this essential coalescence process was not captured in the GFS forecasts due to the poor prediction of the monsoon gyre. The analysis shows that the forecasted monsoon gyre on 20–22 July had an eastward location at 72- and 96-h lead times and a weaker intensity and outer circulation at 24- and 48-h lead times, leading to the forecasted TC always moving in its north and west, in agreement with numerical simulation results that the monsoon gyre with a weaker outer circulation is not conducive to the coalescence. Thus, the deep convection to the east of In-fa preventing the inward transportation of mass and moisture did not develop in the GFS forecasts. As a result, the GFS forecasted that In-fa would continue intensifying in a favorable environment on 22–23 July. The findings of this study would prompt forecasters to pay attention to the prediction of the monsoon gyre and its influence on the TC intensity in forecast products available to them.
Cultural Orientation, Racial-Ethnic Socialization, and Youth Adjustment Outcomes: Test of a Path Model With Asian American Parents
Authors: Kim Sei Eun , Fanta Annie , Tsai William , Huang Cindy Y. 
Published: February 2024

This study investigated how Asian American parents’ cultural orientation related to domains of racial-ethnic socialization (RES) and child internalizing and externalizing problems. The sample included 159 Asian American parents (Mage= 40.97 years; range = 25-33 years). Findings revealed that parent acculturation and enculturation levels were significantly associated with the child’s internalizing and externalizing problems through RES. These findings suggest that parents who were more acculturated to mainstream American culture were less likely to send messages about avoiding racial/ethnic groups, which in turn was associated with less child internalizing problems. Conversely, parents more enculturated to their culture of origin were more likely to send messages that included avoidance of outgroups, which was then linked to the child’s externalizing problems. The study provides important implications for how parents’ cultural orientations are reflected in their RES messages to their children, and the impact of these messages on child emotional and behavioral outcomes.
Clinical internship environment and caring behaviours among nursing students: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Huang Zhuo-er , Qiu Xing , Fu Ya-qian , Zhang Ai-di , Huang Hui , Liu Jia , Yan Jin , Yi Qi-Feng 
Published: February 2024

Background Caring behaviour is critical for nursing quality, and the clinical internship environment is a crucial setting for preparing nursing students for caring behaviours. Evidence about how to develop nursing students’ caring behaviour in the clinical environment is still emerging. However, the mechanism between the clinical internship environment and caring behaviour remains unclear, especially the mediating role of moral sensitivity and the moderating effect of self-efficacy. Research objective This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of moral sensitivity and the moderating function of self-efficacy on the association between the clinical internship environment and caring behaviours. Research design A cross-sectional design used acceptable validity scales. The hypothesised moderated mediation model was tested in the SPSS PROCESS macro. Participants and research context This survey collected data from 504 nursing students in an internship at a teaching hospital in Changsha, China. Ethical considerations This study was pre-approved by the ethics committee of the medical school (No. E2022210). Informed consent was obtained from all students. Results The clinical internship environment ( B = 0.450, 95% CI = [0.371, 0.530]) and moral sensitivity ( B = 1.352, 95% CI = [1.090, 1.615]) had positive direct effects on nursing students' caring behaviours. Clinical internship environment also indirectly influenced students’ caring behaviours via moral sensitivity ( B = 0.161, 95% CI = [0.115, 0.206]). In addition, self-efficacy played a moderating role between the clinical internship environment and caring behaviours ( B = 0.019, 95% CI = [0.007, 0.031]), as well as the relationship between the clinical internship environment and moral sensitivity ( B = 0.006, 95% CI = [0.003, 0.010]). Conclusion Moral sensitivity mediates the effect of the clinical internship environment on caring behaviour, and self-efficacy strengthens both direct and indirect effects. This study emphasises the importance of self-efficacy in developing moral sensitivity and caring behaviours in nursing students.