bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of OTA‐C filters with weakly nonlinear transconductors
Authors: Koziel Slawomir 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAn efficient approach for analysis of nonlinear distortion in OTA‐C filters with weakly nonlinear transconductors is presented. The procedure is developed based on an algebraic description of a general OTA‐C filter structure and, therefore, the results are valid for any filter architecture within OTA‐C class. On the basis of the proposed method, explicit formulas for calculating a gain compression/expansion ratio in an arbitrary OTA‐C filter are developed. The formulas are easy to implement and use in computer‐aided filter design tools. For illustration purposes, several filter structures are considered. The accuracy of the method is verified by comparing the results with the exact values of gain compression/expansion ratio achieved by integrating the differential system that determines the time response of OTA‐C filter. The presented approach can be generalized in order to consider other nonlinear parameters. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth of Dysprosium‐, Scandium‐, and Hafnium‐based Third Generation High‐κ Dielectrics by Atomic Vapor Deposition
Authors: Adelmann C. , Lehnen P. , Van Elshocht S. , Zhao C. , Brijs B. , Franquet A. , Conard T. , Roeckerath M. , Schubert J. , Boissière O. , Lohe C. , De Gendt S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThin dysprosium‐, scandium‐, and hafnium‐based oxide dielectric films are deposited by atomic vapor deposition (AVD) using tris(6‐ethyl‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐decanedionato) dysprosium [Dy(EDMDD)3], tris(6‐ethyl‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐decanedionato) scandium [Sc(EDMDD)3], and bis(tert‐butoxide) bis(methoxymethyl propanoxide) hafnium [Hf(OtBu)2(mmp)2] as precursors. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), Rutherford backscattering (RBS) spectrometry, and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrate good control of the thickness and composition of the films. In particular, ternary and quaternary oxide alloys of any desired composition are grown. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the (Dy0.5Sc0.5)2O3 films are amorphous as grown, whereas the (Dy0.5Hf0.5)4O7 and (Sc0.5Hf0.5)4O7 films are crystalline. The crystal structures of DyxHf1–xOy and ScxHf1–xOy change from monoclinic to cubic around x∼0.1.
Coating of Ceramic SiC, SiBNC, and Al2O3 Fibers with SiBN Using a Continuous CVD Process – Influence of Stoichiometry on Stability against Oxidation and Hydrolysis
Authors: Stöckel S. , Marx G. , Goedel W. A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSiBN coatings are deposited onto various endless ceramic fibers via CVD in a continuous process under ambient pressure using N,N,N‐trimethylborazine (TMB), tetramethylsilane (TMS), and ammonia. Oxidation behavior and hydrolytic stability correspond to two regimes of the coating stoichiometry that depend upon the silicon concentration. Above 7 % silicon the stoichiometry can be approximated by BN(Si3N4)y and below 7 % data can be interpreted as BN(Si3N4)y and/or BNSix. Annealing at 1400 °C improves the hydrolytic stability to such an extend that SiBN might qualify as an interphase for ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) even up to 1100 °C.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Gadolinium Oxide Films
Authors: Kukli K. , Hatanpää T. , Ritala M. , Leskelä M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThin cubic Gd2O3 films are grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD), in the temperature range 300–400 °C, using a novel tris(2,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butoxy)gadolinium(III) precursor, Gd[OC(CH3)2CH(CH3)2]3, and water. The films are crystalline in their as‐deposited state. The films contain some residual hydrogen and carbon, and are probably oxygen‐deficient in the as‐deposited state, causing flat‐band shifts in Gd2O3‐based metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) capacitor structures. On the other hand, the permittivity of Gd2O3 dielectric layers reaches 16, approximately, when calculated from the relationship between equivalent and physical oxide thicknesses, and breakdown fields as high as 8 MV cm–1.
Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Thermal Properties of New ZnBr2(pyrimidine) Coordination Compounds
Authors: Näther Christian , Bhosekar Gaurav , Jeß Inke 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFour new bromidozinc(II) coordination compounds with pyrimidine as a ligand were prepared, either in solution or by thermal decomposition reactions, and the thermal reactivity and thermodynamic stability of these compounds were investigated. These results are compared with those for the corresponding ZnI2(pyrimidine) compounds. The ligand‐rich 1:2 compound dibromidobis(pyrimidine‐N)zinc(II) (I) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n. In this structure the zinc atoms are coordinated by two bromido ligands and two pyrimidine ligands within distorted tetrahedra. On heating, compound I is transformed into the ligand‐deficient 2:3 intermediate bis(dibromido)bis(pyrimidine‐N)(μ2‐pyrimidine‐N,N′)dizinc(II) (II), which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c. The crystal structure consists of two ZnBr2(pyrimidine) subunits, which are connected by an additional pyrimidine ligand through μ‐N,N′ coordination. Thermal decomposition of compound II leads to the formation of the ligand‐deficient 1:1 compound dibromido(μ2‐pyrimidine‐N,N′)zinc(II) (III), which crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmma. In compound III, the zinc atoms are coordinated by four bromine atoms and two pyrimidine ligands within distorted octahedra. The ZnBr2 units are connected through common edges into chains, which are linked by the pyrimidine ligands into layers. On heating, compound III is transformed into the ligand‐deficient 2:1 compound (ZnBr2)2(pyrimidine) (IV), which decomposes to give ZnBr2. Solvent‐mediated conversion experiments in solution show that not all of the compounds can be prepared by treating ZnBr2 and pyrimidine in the molar ratio given by the formula of the final product. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Synthesis, Characterization and Quantum Mechanical Calculations of [Au18Se8(dppthph)6]Cl2
Authors: Sevillano Paloma , Fuhr Olaf , Hampe Oliver , Lebedkin Sergej , Neiss Christian , Ahlrichs Reinhart , Fenske Dieter , Kappes Manfred M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe reaction of [Au(tht)Cl] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene) with 2,5‐bis(diphenylphophanyl)thiophene (dppthph) and Se(SiMe3)2 leads to the formation of [Au18Se8(dppthph)6]Cl2. This compound crystallizes in two modifications, both containing a cluster dication with nearly identical gold–selenium cores. The dication consists of two subunits only connected by six aurophilic interactions. ESI MS demonstrates that these facilitate cohesion of the cluster subunits even in the gaseous state. SCS‐MP2 calculations show that the dimer is a metasable species, which is ultimately prevented from dissociation by a Coulomb barrier. In addition, photoluminescene measurements demonstrate that the small differences in the ligand shell of the cluster molecules lead to different photoluminescene properties of the two modifications. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Reactivity of Dehydroamino Acids and Dehydrodipeptides TowardsN‐Bromosuccinimide: Synthesis of β‐Bromo‐ and β,β‐Dibromodehydroamino Acid Derivatives and of Substituted 4‐Imidazolidinones
Authors: Ferreira Paula M. T. , Monteiro Luís S. , Pereira Goreti , Ribeiro Liliana , Sacramento Joana , Silva Liseta 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe have developed a modification of our previously reported high‐yielding method for the synthesis ofN,N‐diacyldehydroamino acid derivatives to prepareN‐monoprotected dehydroamino acids and dehydrodipeptides. Thus, several dehydroalanine, dehydroaminobutyric acid and dehydrophenylalanine derivatives have been prepared by treating the correspondingL‐serine,L‐threonine andD,L‐3‐phenylserine (threo‐type) derivatives with 1 equiv. of di‐tert‐butyl dicarbonate and 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine. The reaction proceeded with the initial formation of anO‐tert‐butyl carbonate which, by treament withN,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylguanidine, underwent β elimination to give the corresponding dehydroamino acid derivative. This two‐step method can be carried out as a one‐pot procedure and is stereoselective, giving only theZisomer. TheN‐monoprotected dehydroamino acids were treated withN‐bromosuccinimide and thereafter with triethylamine to afford several β,β‐dibromodehydroalanines or β‐bromo‐, β‐alkyl‐ or β‐aryldehydroalanines. The latter were obtained as mixtures ofEandZisomers. An increased stereoselectivity towards the formation of theZisomer was observed with dehydrophenylalanine and when 4‐tolylsulfonyl was used as theN‐protecting group. In the case of dehydrodipeptides, the reaction with NBS and triethylamine afforded the corresponding brominated dehydrodipeptides when theN‐protecting group was other than 4‐tolylsulfonyl. However, when the reagent was a peptide with a dehydroamino acid as the second residue and anN‐(4‐tolylsulfonyl) group the corresponding 2,2‐disubstituted 1‐(4‐tolylsulfonyl)imidazolidin‐4‐ones were obtained in good‐to‐high yields. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Ultra‐fast simultaneous analysis of genetically modified organisms in maize by microchip electrophoresis with LIF detector
Authors: Kumar Kailasa Suresh , Kang Seong Ho 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study examined the potential of microchip electrophoresis (ME) with a LIF detector using a programmed field strength gradient (PFSG) in a conventional glass double‐T microchip for the ultra‐fast detection and simultaneous analysis of genetically modified (GM) maize. The separation efficiency and sensitivity at various sieving gels (poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, Mr 8 000 000) and 2‐hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) (Mr 250 000)) and fluorescent dye concentrations were investigated. The PCR products of both the GM and non‐GM maize were analyzed within 30 s under the PFSG (470.6 V/cm for 20 s, 117.6 V/cm for 12 s, and 470.6 V/cm for 30 s) with a 2.5% HEC sieving matrix in the running buffer, 1×Tris‐borate EDTA (TBE) (pH 8.30) and 0.5 ppm ethidium bromide. The five transgenic maize varieties (Event176, MON810, Bt11, GA21, and T25) examined in this study were also clearly differentiated by ME‐PFSG within 30 s in a single run without any loss of resolution. The ME‐PFSG technique is a powerful tool for the ultra‐fast detection and simultaneous analysis of GMOs in a variety of foods including maize.
Generation of turbulent inflow and initial conditions based on multi‐correlated random fields
Authors: Fathali M. , Klein M. , Broeckhoven T. , Lacor C. , Baelmans M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDirect or large eddy simulation of a turbulent flow field is strongly influenced by its initial or inflow boundary condition. This paper presents a new stochastic approach to generate an artificial turbulent velocity field for initial or inflow boundary condition based on digital filtering. Each velocity component of the artificial turbulent velocity field is generated by linear combination of individual uncorrelated random fields. These uncorrelated random fields are obtained by filtering random white‐noise fields. Using common elements in these linear combinations results in multi‐correlation among different velocity components. The generated velocity field reproduces locally desired Reynolds stress components and integral length scales including cross‐integral length scales. The method appears to be simple, flexible and more accurate in comparison with previously developed methods. The accuracy and performance of the method are demonstrated by numerical simulation of a homogeneous turbulent shear flow with high and low shear rates. To assess the accuracy and performance of the method, simulation results are compared with a reference simulation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Approximate Gauss–Newton methods for optimal state estimation using reduced‐order models
Authors: Lawless A. S. , Nichols N. K. , Boess C. , Bunse‐Gerstner A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe Gauss–Newton (GN) method is a well‐known iterative technique for solving nonlinear least‐squares problems subject to dynamical system constraints. Such problems arise commonly in optimal state estimation where the systems may be stochastic. Variational data assimilation techniques for state estimation in weather, ocean and climate systems currently use approximate GN methods. The GN method solves a sequence of linear least‐squares problems subject to linearized system constraints. For very large systems, low‐resolution linear approximations to the model dynamics are used to improve the efficiency of the algorithm. We propose a new method for deriving low‐order system approximations based on model reduction techniques from control theory. We show how this technique can be combined with the GN method to retain the response of the dynamical system more accurately and improve the performance of the approximate GN method. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A groupware system for virtual product innovation management
Authors: Cormican Kathryn , O'Sullivan David 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe are experiencing a radical shift in the way organizations are designed, structured, and organized. New organizational forms such as virtual strategic partnerships and networks are replacing traditional bureaucratic, hierarchical organizations. This is particularly evident in the area of product innovation, where organizations are adopting new approaches or ways of working in order to compete. Product innovation management is a complex process because of the range of technical issues that must be addressed and the variety of competencies that must be employed over the life of the development effort. Such initiatives require a substantial investment in terms of resources such as time, money, and effort, all of which are limited. This article focuses on product innovation management in a distributed or virtual environment. It reports on a qualitative case study targeted at product managers. The challenges are identified and discussed. From this analysis, a Web‐enabled groupware system is presented. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 499–510, 2007.
Retracted: The manufacturing enterprise diagnostic instrument: A tool for assessment of enterprise system manufacturers
Authors: Genaidy Ash , Karwowski Waldemar 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSmall‐ to medium‐size manufacturers constitute the bulk of the U.S. manufacturing sector and are in a dire need of a tool that will help them face the challenges of globalization and increasing costs of manufacturing in the United States. The objectives were to develop and validate a diagnostic tool for manufacturing firms to evaluate their enterprise system performance to eliminate trial‐and‐error decisions and allow quick and informed actions. A pilot version was developed and tested in a small manufacturer. A revised version was then developed and further tested in another firm. Testing of the tool's pilot version provided invaluable feedback for developing the main tool. When tested in a small manufacturing firm, the results demonstrated management's misalignment and identified the root causes hindering performance. The tool demonstrated a quick and effective way to evaluate the manufacturing system's performance and to develop an aligned improvement action plan to guide the managerial team in devising a winning business strategy. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Hum Factors Man 17: 521–574, 2007.
Epinephrine converts long‐term potentiation from transient to durable form in awake rats
Authors: Korol D.L. , Gold P.E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNeuroendocrine responses to an emotional or arousing experience modulate memory for the event. Extensive evidence suggests that epinephrine plays an important role in the regulation of memory formation by emotions and arousal. Some forms of synaptic plasticity are similarly responsive to modulation by stress and arousal. The present experiment examined the effects of epinephrine on induction and maintenance of long‐term potentiation (LTP) in awake rats. Rats were prepared with bilaterally implanted electrodes for recording evoked field potentials in dentate granule cells following perforant pathway stimulation. LTP was induced with high‐frequency stimulation parameters that resulted in modest early potentiation of the EPSP that decayed within 20 min. Epinephrine enhanced the magnitude of early LTP induction and also extended the durability of LTP from minutes to at least several days. Epinephrine did not alter baseline responses or modulate pre‐LTP input‐output curves. The enhancement of LTP by epinephrine was dose‐dependent, following an inverted‐U dose–response curve similar to that seen in memory enhancement experiments, suggesting considerable convergence of epinephrine modulation of memory and LTP. In extending substantially the maintenance of LTP after induction, the present finding offer potential means to study the neurobiology of rapid forgetting seen in aged rodents and other animals and the neurobiology of the impaired forgetting seen in post‐traumatic stress disorder. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of a chitosan‐based hemostatic dressing in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Authors: Xie Hua , Khajanchee Yashodhan S. , Teach Jeffrey S. , Shaffer Brian S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectives: An external chitosan‐based hemostatic bandage has been used to control aggressive bleeding from traumatic injuries. This study was to evaluate the feasibility of using an internal chitosan dressing based on the external platform to control hemorrhage and urinary leakage by sealing off the parenchymal wound following Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) in a porcine model. Methods: Nine heparinized domestic swine underwent bilateral laparoscopic partial nephrectomies involving either a polar (N = 13) or wedge resection (N = 5) followed by treatment with the chitosan dressing. Estimated blood loss, hemostatic score, urinary leakage, operative time, and adhesion score of the chitosan dressing were recorded. Results: Of the 18 procedures, 17 achieved complete hemostasis after deployment of the chitosan dressing. The hemostasis score improved significantly after the deployment in both polar (p < 0.001) and wedge (p = 0.017) resections. The rate of successful pyelocaliceal sealing was 85% (11/13) in polar resections and 60% (3/5) in wedge resections. Conclusion: The chitosan‐based hemostatic dressing is effective as a primary or supplemental material for controlling parenchymal hemorrhage and sealing the renal collecting system following LPN in the animal model. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Self‐injury: A research review for the practitioner
Authors: Klonsky E. David , Muehlenkamp Jennifer J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNon‐suicidal self‐injury is the intentional destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent and for purposes not socially sanctioned. In this practice‐friendly review, the authors summarize the empirical research on who self‐injures, why people self‐injure, and what treatments have demonstrated effectiveness. Self‐injury is more common in adolescents and young adults as compared to adults. Common forms include cutting, severe scratching, burning, and banging or hitting; most individuals who self‐injure have used more than one method. Although diagnostically heterogeneous, self‐injurers typically exhibit two prominent characteristics: negative emotionality and self‐derogation. Self‐injury is most often performed to temporarily alleviate intense negative emotions, but may also serve to express self‐directed anger or disgust, influence or seek help from others, end periods of dissociation or depersonalization, and help resist suicidal thoughts. Psychotherapies that emphasize emotion regulation, functional assessment, and problem solving appear to be most effective in treating self‐injury. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 1045–1056, 2007.
Clinical assessment of self‐injury: A practical guide
Authors: Walsh Barent 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article, the author provides a practice‐friendly guide to the psychological assessment of self‐injury, such as self‐inflicted cutting, burning, hitting, and excoriation of wounds. The crucial distinction between self‐injury and suicide is emphasized. The author presents a structure for the assessment of self‐injury that focuses first on the therapeutic relationship, and thereafter on the history and specifics of the behavior, its intrapersonal and interpersonal functions, and its antecedents and consequences. Types of self‐injury that are atypical, and especially alarming, are identified. A case example illustrates both the style and content of a thorough assessment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 1057–1068, 2007.
Developing and maintaining the therapeutic alliance with self‐injuring patients
Authors: Nafisi Nira , Stanley Barbara 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article, the authors outline methods of strengthening the therapist–patient bond with individuals who self‐injure. Self‐injuring patients present with a host of challenges that differ from other patient populations and therefore certain approaches may be more effective than others. Among the strategies described are validation, checking in, working collaboratively toward goals, providing support, and repairing a ruptured alliance. Potential pitfalls (e.g., reinforcing maladaptive behavior, negative judging, and the fundamental attribution error) to which psychotherapists often fall prey are discussed as well. Self‐injury is explained as functional rather than manipulative behavior and detailed clinical guidelines and examples are provided to better illustrate approaches that will improve the therapeutic alliance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 1069–1079, 2007.
Psychological treatment of self‐injury among adolescents
Authors: Nock Matthew K. , Teper Romi , Hollander Michael 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSelf‐injury is a dangerous and pervasive behavior problem among adolescents. Clinical trials testing the effectiveness of psychological treatments for this behavior problem among adolescents are lacking; however, several treatments have shown promise, such as those focused on teaching emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills. The authors provide a case illustration of the use of dialectical behavior therapy, which is one of the most promising treatments for adolescent self‐injury. They then discuss several important considerations in the treatment of self‐injury, such as the use of strategies to increase treatment participation and the assessment of self‐injury and related target behaviors over the course of treatment to determine its effectiveness and to manage risk of self‐injury. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 1081–1089, 2007.
Feminist therapy with people who self‐inflict violence
Authors: Brown Laura S. , Bryan Tracy C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article, the authors describe how a feminist therapist approaches work with clients who practice self‐inflicted violence (SIV). They begin by discussing feminist therapy, with its focus on empowerment of clients and the use of noncoercive strategies. The feminist perspective on understanding SIV behaviors is described, with SIV being defined as a coping strategy used by survivors of complex trauma as a means of self‐care. Feminist therapy is illustrated with a case example of a woman who used SIV, and the challenges to a therapist wishing to promote client safety while empowering the client. Practice recommendations and cautions are advanced. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 63: 1121–1133, 2007.