bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effet des rayons x sur la leucémogénèse dbs souris akr: Role dǒune lésion généralisée du système hémopoïétique
Authors: Jullien Pierre , Rudali Georges 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAKR mice were irradiated 1, 8, 15 and 22 days after birth (175 R total irradiation). In these animals, lymphoid leukemias appeared at the age of 5 months, as opposed to 8 months in unirradiated mice. Injection ofisologous bone marrow after the last irradiation had no influence on the accelerated appearance of the leukemias. Irradiation of the anterior half of the body only was also capable of accelerating the appearance of lymphoid leukemias.In contradiction, in C3H mice, the injection ofisologous bone marrow after a series of irradiations did prevent the appearance of leukemia, and partial body irradiation was not leukemogenic. Injection of either C3H or AKR bone marrow to F1 hybrid mice (AKR × C3H), irradiated under the same conditions as AKR mice, diminished the appearance of leukemias to a limited extent at the age of 5 months. Those F1 hybrids which, after irradiation and subsequent injection of AKR bone marrow, did not become leukemic at the age of 5 months, developed leukemia originating from the AKR cells at a later age. Some newborn (AKR × C3H) F1 hybrids were injected with AKR bone marrow after the irradiation (175 R); the three following irradiations were carried out after the bone marrow preparation had been administered. In these animals, leukemia, originating from the injected AKR cells, appeared at the age of 5 months.
Uptake of sodium fluorene‐2‐selenonate‐75Se by spleen and of sodium n‐7‐fluorenylacetamido‐2‐selenonate‐75Se by tumor in mice
Authors: Agrawal Krishna C. , Ray F. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo new radioactive compounds, sodium fluorene‐2‐selenonate‐75Se, (II), and sodium N‐7‐fluorenylacetamido‐2‐selenonate‐75Se, (V), have been synthesized. The tissue distribution of these compounds in tumor‐bearing mice has been studied at different time intervals. The first compound localized itself in spleen, and its distribution was also studied in tumor‐free mice. This compound gave quite favorable ratios of concentration in spleen to the concentration in tissues. The use of this compound in splenic scanning is suggested. The second compound was concentrated in tumor to a greater extent than in the vital organs, from which it was eliminated later, showing the affinity of the compound for the tumor tissue.
Summarizing indices for comparison of cancer incidence data
Authors: Doll Richard , Cook Paula 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe desirability of achieving agreement on a method of summarizing cancer incidence is emphasized, and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the traditional standardized incidence rates are discussed.It is concluded that:

No single index is capable of replacing the individual sex‐ and age‐specific incidence rates, and these should always be presented when basic cancer incidence data are published.
For aetiological studies age‐specific incidence rates can usefully be summarized in two indices, one (a truncated standardized incidence) showing a standardized incidence over a restricted age range, and the other indicating the rate at which cancer incidence increases with age.
An appropriate truncated rate for most epithelial cancers is one for the age range of 35 to 64 years, using weights of 6, 6, 6, 5, 4 and 4 for the individual 5‐year age groups, derived from Segi's (1960) world standard population. For other cancers, age ranges of 0 to 14 years and of 0 to 44 years would be more suitable, with weights of 12, 10 and 9, and 12, 10, 9, 9, 8, 8, 6, 6 and 6 for the corresponding 5‐year age groups.
An indication of the general character of a given set of incidence data may be obtained by calculating the ratio of the rates at ages 55 to 64 years and at 35 to 44 years for a combined group of cancers that normally increase rapidly in incidence with age.
Further research on practicable ways of indicating the shape of the age‐incidence curve for individual types of cancer is required.
Relationship between DNA synthesis and cell density in normal and virus‐transformed cells
Authors: Macieira‐Coelho A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThree normal human and two normal bovine fibroblastic lines were compared with one of the human lines transformed with Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), one human line transformed by Simian virus (SV 40) and the two bovine lines transformed with RSV, with respect to DNA synthesis between subcultivation and cell crowding. It was found that the rate of DNA synthesis during a 24‐hour period was higher in the transformed cells at the terminal cell density of the respective normal lines. The results gave further support to the previous suggestion that “unrestrained growth transformation” can be expressed by comparing DNA synthesis with cell density. In one of the transformed cultures DNA synthesis stopped at a cell density twice that of the controls. In the three other transformed cultures DNA synthesis never stopped. This difference in behaviour can be explained by a loss of cell cycle inhibition combined with different affinities of the cells towards their substrate.
Mitotic cycle and cell differentiation in squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Frankfurt O. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mitotic cycle and cell differentiation in the second generation of transplanted squamous cell carcinomas were studied autoradiographically with the aid of thymidine‐3H. The results obtained were compared with those reported earlier on normal squamous epithelium of the mouse forestomach, from which these carcinomas originated.Proliferation in squamous cell carcinomas was significantly accelerated, mainly as a result of shortening of the G1 phase. The rate of cell differentiation changes less significantly when measured by the duration of the maturation phase or of cell lifetimes in the differentiated state. The percentage of cells which were destined to differentiate was 17–34% out of all cells in the mitotic cycle in tumors. This value, which in a normal steady state is 50%, characterizes the extent of disturbance of balance between cell proliferation and differentiation.The most significant difference in the cell cycle for normal and tumor cells is observed in the phase at which cells that will differentiate get out of the mitotic cycle; this is the presynthetic phase for normal cells and premitotic phase for cancer cells. The significance of this qualitative difference in the life cycles of normal and cancer cells is discussed with respect to disturbance of steady state and progressive growth.
Structural and metabolic distinction between Morris Hepatoma 5123 A and normal rat liver
Authors: Fiala Silvio , Fiala Anna E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEvidence is presented to show that Morris Hepatoma 5123 A differs strikingly from homologous normal tissue in its metabolic and structural aspects.The succinoxidase activity of Hepatoma 5123 A is only 40% that of liver, while anaerobic glycolysis, although relatively low, is nevertheless some 100% higher than in normal liver. The mitochondrial content of Hepatoma 5123 A is about 40% that of the normal liver cell. The amount of material in the microsomal fraction is reduced in the hepatoma and there is a pronounced shift in the distribution of RNA in favor of the RNA in the nuclear and supernatant fractions. Hepatoma 5123 A shares all of these characteristics with other known tumors.In distinction to rapidly growing tumor and proliferating tissue, Hepatoma 5123 A has about the same or higher dCMP‐ase activity as normal liver, while dCMP‐deaminase is about 20 times as high as in normal rat liver.In addition to the quantitative depletion of mitochondria, Hepatoma 5123 A shows also a depletion in the flavin and cytochrome c content of the mitochondrial soluble matrix. In contrast to normal mitochondria, in which the administration of 3,3',5‐tri‐iodothyronine led to a an increase several times the normal value, in the activity of α‐glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, the level of this enzyme in tumor mitochondria remained unchanged following the administration of triiodothyronine.In contrast to normal liver, Hepatoma 5123 A has shown in all subcellular fractions the presence of polarographically active, non‐protein SH‐compounds. In normal rat liver these compounds appear only in the mitochondrial fraction and their level is much lower than in Hepatoma 5123 A.It is suggested that the Warburg type of metabolism in Hepatoma 5123 A may be a manifestation of structural and functional insufficiency of preformed cytoplasmic elements.
Tumour‐specific antigenicity of aminoazo‐dye‐induced rat hepatomas
Authors: Baldwin R. W. , Barker C. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTumour‐specific transplantation antigens have been demonstrated in rat hepatomas induced with 4‐dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB). Resistance to these tumours was induced in syngeneic hosts either by destruction of developing tumour grafts or by implantation of heavily irradiated tumour. These rat hepatomas were shown to possess individual antigenicities so that induction of immunity against one hepatoma did not confer on the treated rat any resistance to a second hepatoma also induced by DAB.Resistance could be passively transferred to normal rats with peritoneal exudate cells from immune donors. These peritoneal exudate cells, containing approximately equal proportions of macrophages and lymphocytes, carried the same specificity as the immunizing tumour in that they were without influence on the growth of other DAB‐induced hepatomas.
Erythropoietic stimulating factor (ESF) effects on induced and spontaneous murine leukemia
Authors: Leaders Floyd E. , Chapman A. L. , Kornhaus Barbara , Nielsen Anne H. , Werder Alvar A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractErythropoietin (ESF) has been found to increase the incidence of leukemia and mammary tumors in female conventional CFWw mice during a 19‐month observation period after administration of a single dose of ESF and leukemia extract. ESF alone also increased the number of leukemias in female conventional mice. These increases apparently were sex‐related. The increase in the incidence of leukemia is postulated to be through a mechanism of “activation” of endogenous virus since a similar enhancement was not recorded in ex‐axenic animals receiving similar treatment. Instead, in the ex‐axenic group ESF produced an apparent decrease in the incidence of leukemia. These observations have been related to the relative number of virus‐like particles in the tissues of the conventional and ex‐axenic CFWw mice.
Tritium uptake, half‐lives and radiation doses in tissues of cancer patients treated with tritiated 2‐methyl‐1: 4‐naphthaquinol diphosphate
Authors: Chipperfield Barbara 
Published: February 2007

AbstractComparisons of the uptake into tumour biopsies 30 min after intravenous or intra‐arterial injections showed that tumours of gastrointestinal origin took up significantly greater amounts of the tritiated drugs than did any other group of tumours, and with other types of tumours some individual biopsies showed very high tumour specific activities after intra‐arterial injections. The tritium in the tumour disappeared by two exponential decay processes, one with a half‐life of 1.35 days and the other with a half‐life of 14.4 days. The ratio of the concentration of the long‐lived component to that of the short‐lived component was 0.33.Tritium estimations on normal tissues taken at autopsy from patients who received only one injection of the tritiated drug showed that the biological half‐life in normal tissues ranged from 5.7 days (heart) to 34.5 days (long‐lived component in brain). The initial specific activity in μc/g for each c/kg injected ranged from 71 (long‐lived component in brain) to 505 (kidney).After a single injection of 1 c of the drug per kg body weight, the greatest doses of radiation were received by the kidney (1,600 R), testis (1,300 R), liver (1,050 R) and brain (990 R). The lowest doses were received by skeletal muscle (395 R) and bone marrow (604 R).The radiation dose in the tumour depends on the initial concentration and the half‐life in the tumour. Initial tumour concentrations of 5–8 mc/g wet tissue should give radiation doses in the therapeutic range after a single injection.
Excretion of tritium after therapeutic injections of tritiated 2‐methyl‐1: 4‐naphthaquinol diphosphate in cancer patients
Authors: Chipperfield Barbara 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis paper describes investigations on the excretion of tritium in the urine, breath and faeces after therapeutic injections of tritiated tetra‐sodium 2‐methyl‐1 :4‐naphthaquinol diphosphate in patients suffering from advanced malignant disease. Most of the tritiated material is excreted in the urine, a very small percentage appears in the breath as tritiated water, and an even smaller percentage appears in the faeces in the first three days after an injection.The percentage in the urine seemed to be related to the weight of compound injected in small doses, but larger doses were followed by the excretion of a disproportionately high percentage of the injected tritium. A few people also excreted an extremely high percentage in the urine even after comparatively small doses. This may be a result of alterations in liver metabolism.Examination of the urinary excretion products by chromatography showed that, during the first 24 hours, most of the tritium was in a glucuronic acid conjugate of menadiol. There were also varying quantities of other substances, including menadiol sulphate, menadione or 1 :4‐naphthaquinone, menadiol disphosphate and an unknown compound which appeared to be another conjugate of menadione or 1 :4‐naphthaquinone. After the first 24 hours the urinary excretion products were only menadiol disphosphate and the conjugate of menadione or 1 :4‐naphthaquinone.The specific activity of water in the breath was greatest in the first 24 hours and was roughly proportional to the dose injected. On average, 3% of the injected tritium was present in the body as tritiated water.The precautions taken in nursing these patients are discussed.
Comparaison des actions hépatocancérogènes de la diéthylnitrosamine et du p‐diméthylaminoazobenzène
Authors: Lacassagne A. , Buu‐Hoï N. P. , Giao N. B. , Et R. Ferrando L. Hurst 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEarlier experiments carried out with the liver carcinogen p‐dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) have been repeated with another liver carcinogen, diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Nine different experiments were performed, using 84 male Wistar rats. The results were the reverse of those obtained with DAB. With the latter, a protein‐poor diet or a simultaneous administration of reserpine accelerates the process of cancerization, while addition to the carcinogen of certain phenolic ketones or of o,p'‐dichlorodiphenyl‐dichloroethane (o,p'‐DDD) inhibits it. With DEN, neither variations in the diet nor reserpine have any marked effect on the cancerization process, while the phenolic ketones and o,p'‐DDD accelerate it.DAB is far more toxic to the hepatocytes, whereas DEN is more toxic to the cells of the connective‐vascular system of the liver.As is the case with DAB, the carcinomas produced by DEN have their origin in biliary stem‐cells, the different histological types of the tumours merely representing varying degrees of cellular differentiation.
Étude ultrastructurale d'un virus murin sarcomatogéne (MSV)
Authors: Leclerc J. C. , Silvestre D. , Lévy J. P. , Oppenheim S. , Varet B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe structure of tumours induced in mice and rats by the mouse sarcoma virus was studied with the electron microscope. Cultures of whole mouse embryo cells infected in vitro by this virus and subsequently transformed, as well as non‐transformed cultures, were also examined. All the tumours and cultures were carrying a large amount of viral particles whose distribution and structure inside the cells were investigated.
Induction of cancer of the glandular stomach in rats by 20‐methylcholanthrene
Authors: Arkhipov G. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of 20‐methylcholanthrene (Experiment No. I) and the combined action of ephedrine hydrochloride and 20‐methylcholanthrene (Experiment No. 2) on the mucosa of the glandular stomach was studied in 25 rats. The application of the two chemicals was carried out by means of specially constructed containers which were inserted into the wall of the glandular stomach. Polyethylene‐encased wicks led from the container, touching the gastric mucosa with their tips. The chemicals were slowly pumped by stomach action through the wicks on to the mucosa. The experiments lasted from 14 to 20 months. In Experiment No. 1 (32 rats) stomach tumours developed in 5 rats, in Experiment No. 2 (21 rats), in 7 rats. Most of the tumours were adenocarcinomas. The tumours were large and invaded the serosa of the stomach. In Experiment No. 2 five tumours out of seven showed metastasis in various organs and tissues of the abdomen.
The carcinogenic activities in mice of compounds related to benz[a]anthracene
Authors: Boyland E. , Sims P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe carcinogenic activities of a number of aromatic hydrocarbons have been compared with some metabolic intermediates by subcutaneous injection into C57 black mice. The monohydroxymethyl derivatives of 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene and some related compounds were found to be active carcinogens, but were much less so than the parent hydrocarbon. Epoxides formed at the K‐region ofchrysene, benz[a]anthracene, 7‐methylbenz[a]antnracene and dibenz[a,h]anthracene produced tumours when given at highdose levels, but were not as active as the parent hydrocarbons. The epoxide derived from phenanthrene was inactive.
The carcinogenic activities in mice of compounds related to 3‐methylcholanthrene
Authors: Sims P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA number of derivatives of 3‐methylcholanthrene have been tested for carcinogenic action by injection into C57 black mice. 1‐ and 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylcholanthrene and 3‐methylcholanthrene‐1‐ and 2‐one were active carcinogens, but cis‐1,2‐dihydroxy‐3‐methylcholanthrene showed only weak activity. The hydrocarbon, 3‐methylcholanthrylene (1,2‐dehydro‐3‐methylcholanthrene). was an active carcinogen. 11,12‐Epoxy‐11,12‐dihydro‐3‐methylcholanthrene showed weak carcinogenic activity whereas cis‐11,12‐dihydro‐11,12‐dihydroxy‐3‐methylcholanthrene was inactive.
Attempts to produce carcinogenesis in organ cultures of mouse prostate with polycyclic hydrocarbons
Authors: Röller Manuela R. , Heidelberger Charles 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPieces of C3H mouse prostate were maintained in organ culture with Eagle's MEMAbbreviations used: 20‐(3)Methylcholanthrene, MCA; 1,2,3,4,‐dibenzanthracene, 1,2,3,4‐DBA; 1,2,5,6‐dibenzanthracene, 1,2,5,6‐DBA; 9,10‐dimethyl‐1,2‐benzanthracene, DMBA; minimal essential medium, MEM.
medium and 10 % horse serum in the presence and absence ofpolycyclic hydrocarbons, stilbestrol, and testosterone. With 1,2,5,6‐dibenzanthracene, methylcholanthrene, and 9,10‐dimethyl‐1,2‐benzanthracene massive hyperplasia, anaplasia, abnormal mitoses, and invasion of pleomorphic epithelial cells through the basement membrane were observed. Similar observations were made, but to a lesser degree, with stilbestrol. With the controls there was moderate hyperplasia and little anaplasia, while testosterone promoted normal differentiation. With the non‐carcinogenic 1,2,3,4‐dibenzanthracene, considerable hyperplasia but little anaplasia was produced. In all cases the viabilities were good and comparable. Prostate pieces from organ cultures treated with the three carcinogenic hydrocarbons were implanted into 872 C3H mice under a variety of conditions, but no tumors were induced. Nevertheless, this system served as the foundation for the subsequent achievement of carcinogenesis in vitro.
DNA, RNA and hemoglobin cytophotometry of maturing erythroid cells from liver nodules in rauscher virus infected mice
Authors: Sundelin Pär , Adams Lawrence R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCytophotometrically estimated cellular amounts of DNA, RNA and hemoglobin were compared in erythroid cells from liver nodules of Rauscher virus infected mice and from bone marrow of mice made anemic with phenylhydrazine. Atypical erythroblastoid cells with small amounts of hemoglobin from Rauscher virus infected animals had greater amounts of RNA per cell than cells with similar amounts of hemoglobin from phenylhydrazine treated mice. Heavily hemoglobinized cells from virus treated animals tended to have postmitotic amounts of DNA, less cellular RNA and poorer correlation between cellular amounts of RNA and hemoglobin, than phenylhydrazine stimulated bone marrow cells. The cytochemical data support the concept that some Rauscher leukemia cells may contain small amounts of hemoglobin and have a certain capacity for maturation.
Isolation of echovirus type 11 from two cases of Burkitt's tumour and three cases of other tumours
Authors: Munube Germano M. R. , Bell Thomas M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEchovirus type 11 was isolated from two cases of Burkitt's tumour and three non‐Burkitt tumour case. Clinical and serological findings indicate that the virus was not aetiologically related to the tumours from which it was isolated, but that it represented a concurrent infection in the patients. The importance of these negative findings in strengthening the candidacy of reovirus type 3 as a possible causative agent of Burkitt's tumour is discussed.
The pathological effects of subcutaneous injections of asbestos fibres in mice: Migration of fibres to submesothelial tissues and induction of mesotheliomata
Authors: Roe F. J. C. , Carter R. L. , Walters M. A. , Harington J. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGroups of 20 female CBA mice were injected subcutaneously in two sites with suspensions of crocidolite, amosite or chrysotile asbestos. Each injection consisted of 10 mg fibre suspended in 0.4 ml saline and each animal received 3 injections into each flank at sites well distant from the thorax. For comparison, two groups were similarly treated with crocidolite and amosite from which natural and contaminant oils had been removed by solvent extraction. The most remarkable feature of the results were, first, the apparently specific transport of asbestos fibres of all three types to the submesothelial tissues of the thorax and abdomen; and secondly, the development of extensive inflammatory and proliferative changes in these regions culminating, in 10 instances, in the formation of mesotheliomata. Six animals developed sarcomas at the injection site but, in most mice, there was little cellular response to asbestos in the subcutaneous tissues in contrast to the vigorous reactions seen in serosal membranes. All three types of asbestos induced both injection‐site tumours and distant mesothelial changes and the removal of oils from amosite and crocidolite did not abolish—though it may have reduced—these manifestations of carcinogenic activity.