bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling scale‐free neurodynamics using neuropercolation approach
Authors: Kozma Robert , Puljic Marko 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCritical properties of dynamical models of neural populations are studied. Based on the classical work of Renyi‐Erdos on the evolution of random graphs, a new class of random cellular automata models called neuropercolation has been introduced. We show the emergence of phase transitions in neuropercolation models at critical combination of several control parameters, including the level of external gain and noise, the density of long‐range axonal connections (small‐world phenomenon), and the sparseness of feedback between excitatory and inhibitory neural populations. Noise level and structural properties of the cortical tissue has been used to control the critical exponent, starting from white noise (slope 0) far away from criticality. The results show that scale‐free power spectral density characterizes the dynamics near criticality, where exponent with a power exponent approaching –2. The results are interpreted in the context of recent experimental findings on the dynamics and structure of the cortex. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Gradient second‐order interphase‐layer theory of continuous media with micro‐structures
Authors: Lurie S. , Tuchkova N. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn the paper the second‐order theory of the continuous media with conserved dislocations is developed to describe the spectrum of the cohesion and superficial phenomena. The general model of the continuous media proposed in this work is the rigorous theoretical model that allows to analyze the various particular scale effects, e.g., cohesive interactions, surface within the unified continuum description. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bidiagonal decomposition of totally positive Bernstein‐Vandermonde matrices
Authors: Martínez José‐Javier , Marco Ana 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe class of Bernstein‐Vandermonde matrices (a generalization of Vandermonde matrices arising when the monomial basis is replaced by the Bernstein basis) is considered. A convenient ordering of their rows makes these matrices strictly totally positive. By using results related to total positivity and Neville elimination, an algorithm for computing the bidiagonal decomposition of a Bernstein‐Vandermonde matrix is constructed. The use of explicit expressions for the determinants involved in the process serves to make the algorithm both fast and accurate. One of the applications of our algorithm is the design of fast and accurate algorithms for solving Lagrange interpolation problems when using the Bernstein basis, an approach useful for the field of Computer Aided Geometric Design since it avoids the stability problems involved with basis transformations between the Bernstein and the monomial bases. A different application consists of the use of the bidiagonal decomposition as an intermediate step of the computation of the eigenvalues and the singular value decomposition of a totally positive Bernstein‐Vandermonde matrix. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Efficient, process‐preserving modified Newton's method for solving reactive multicomponent transport problems in porous media
Authors: Prechtel Alecander 
Published: March 2008

AbstractIn the context of hydrogeochemical multicomponent transport problems coupled via reaction rates the fully implicit solution of the (discretized) problem can be computationally expensive, but it avoids the consistency errors inherent in the popular operator splitting approaches which separate transport and reaction operators.The efficiency of the globally implicit approach is enhanced however by using Newton's method, analysing the reaction network, and modifying the Jacobian to decouple species equations without deteriorating the performance of the Newton iteration. This is possible in the case of slow kinetics and/or small concentrations. A flexible componentwise sparse matrix linear solver can adapt and change the coupling strategy potentially in every iteration.Numerical results of academical and realistic case studies are presented that demonstrate the potential of the approach. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Morphogenetic lung defects of JSAP1‐deficient embryos proceeds via the disruptions of the normal expressions of cytoskeletal and chaperone proteins
Authors: Ha Hye‐Yeong , Kim Jung‐Bin , Cho Ik‐Hyun , Joo Hyo‐Jin , Kim Kyoung‐Shim , Lee Kang‐Woo , Sunwoo Hongjai , Im Joo‐Young , Lee Ja‐Kyeong , Hong Jang‐Hee , Han Pyung‐Lim 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRecent studies have shown that JNK/stress‐activated protein kinase‐associated protein 1 (JSAP1)‐deficient mice die from respiratory failure shortly after birth. To understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated the histological appearances and cell type changes in developing jsap1−/− lungs between E12.5 and E18.5. At the light microscopic level, no overt abnormality was detected in jsap1−/− until E16.5. However, alveoli and airway formations that normally occur after E16.5 were poorly advanced in jsap1−/−. Despite these morphological defects, surfactant secreting cells labeled by anti‐SP‐B or anti‐SP‐C were present in normal ranges in jsap1−/− lungs. Smooth muscle α‐actin expressing cells were also developed in jsap1−/− lungs, although actin expression was decreased. The expressions of transcriptional factors, such as, nuclear factor Ib (Nfib), N‐myc, and octamer transcriptional factor 1 (Oct‐1), which play a critical role in lung morphogenesis, were found to be down‐regulated, whereas signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), sonic hedgehog (Shh), and smoothened (Smo) were up‐regulated, in jsap1−/− lungs at E17.5‐E18.5 compared with those in jsap1+/+ lungs. Proteomics analysis of E17.5 lung identified 39 proteins with altered expressions, which included actin, tropomyosin, myosin light chain, vimentin, heat shock protein (Hsp27), and Hsp84. These results suggest that JSAP1 is required for the normal expressions of cytoskeletal and chaperone proteins in the developing lung, and that impaired expressions of these proteins might cause morphogenetic defects observed in jsap1−/− lungs.
Guided protein extraction from formalin‐fixed tissues for quantitative multiplex analysis avoids detrimental effects of histological stains
Authors: Becker Karl‐Friedrich , Schott Christina , Becker Ingrid , Höfler Heinz 
Published: March 2008

AbstractFormalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues are the basis for histopathological diagnosis of many diseases around the world. For translational research and routine diagnostics, protein analysis from FFPE tissues is very important. We evaluated the potential influence of six histological stains, including hematoxylin (Mayer and Gill), fast red, light green, methyl blue and toluidine blue, for yield, electrophoretic mobility in 1‐D gels, and immunoreactivity of proteins isolated from formalin‐fixed breast cancer tissues. Proteins extracted from stained FFPE tissues using a recently established technique were compared with proteins obtained from the same tissues but without prior histological staining. Western blot and quantitative protein lysate microarray analysis demonstrated that histological staining can result in decreased protein yield but may not have much influence on immunoreactivity and electrophoretic mobility. Interestingly, not all staining protocols tested are compatible with subsequent protein analysis. The commonly used hematoxylin staining was found to be suitable for multiplexed quantitative protein measurement technologies although protein extraction was less efficient. For best results we suggest a guided protein extraction method, in which an adjacent hematoxylin/eosin‐stained tissue section is used to control dissection of an unstained specimen for subsequent protein extraction and quantification for research and diagnosis.
Proteomic analysis of pericardial effusion: Characteristics of tuberculosis‐related proteins
Authors: Liu Yen‐Wen , Yang Ming‐Hui , Liu Ping‐Yen , Lee Cheng‐Han , Liao Pao‐Chi , Tyan Yu‐Chang 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study has been designed to identify the tuberculosis (TB)‐related proteins in pericardial effusion by proteomic approaches. TB is one of the major infectious diseases causing pericardial effusion. This study details protein profiles in pericardial effusion from three TB patients and three heart failure patients. Pericardial effusions were analyzed using 2‐DE combined with the nano‐HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Eleven protein spots with differential expression in pericardial effusion were identified between the two groups of TB and heart failure patients (the control group). Seven protein spots were upregulated and four were downregulated. The composition of the pericardial effusion proteome may reflect the pathophysiological conditions affecting the progression of tuberculous pericarditis. The proteins in the tuberculous pericardial effusion with differential expression may serve as new and direct indicators of drug treatment. A possible conclusion is indicated that fibrinogen may play an important role for fibrin assembly in tuberculous pericardial effusion.
Temperature dependence of the optical and kinetic properties of photochromic spirooxazine derivatives in sol‐gel thin films
Authors: Alvarez‐Herrero Alberto , Garranzo Daniel , Pardo Rosario , Zayat Marcos , Levy David 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe photochromic molecules (1,3,3,5,6‐pentamethyl‐spiro[indoline ‐2‐3′‐[quinolino]oxazine]) were embedded in a phenyl functionalized silica layer prepared by the sol‐gel method. The transparent film acquires a profound blue coloration upon irradiation with ultraviolet light (λ=365 nm) showing an absorption peak at 620 nm. The material recovers the colourless state by thermal bleaching or by irradiation with light at the wavelength of the absorption peak (in the visible). The kinetics of the photochromic transitions depends on the chemical environment of the molecule in the matrix (i.e. polarity), the irradiation intensity and the temperature. A particular set of conditions will determine the equilibrium balance, and hence, the optical constants for the specific steady state. The temperature dependence of the optical properties of photochromic thin films was studied using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry. The complex refractive index was analyzed from –30 °C to +70 °C, studying the correlation of the results with the change in the kinetics constants of the material. The main conclusion is that at –30 °C no thermal bleaching is observed, while at +70 °C the thermal kinetic constant is high enough to prevent the coloration of the film. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Product decompositions of experimentally determined non‐depolarizing Mueller matrices
Authors: Ossikovski R. , Garcia‐Caurel E. , Martino A. De 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe practical implementation of a recently proposed decomposition of non‐depolarizing Mueller matrices into a product of basic polarization devices, i.e. retarders and diattenuators, is demonstrated. In particular, the interest of factorizing a non‐depolarizing Mueller matrix into elementary optical components (two wave‐plates and a plane ellipsometric surface) allowing for its straightforward physical interpretation is outlined. The features of the novel decomposition are compared to those of the classic polar decomposition currently in use. Experimental spectroscopic Mueller matrices are factorized using the decomposition and interpreted in terms of meaningful physical parameters. An immediate practical application of the novel product decomposition is identified with the in situ measurement of the ellipsometric angles through birefringent windows. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ellipsometry characterization of bulk acoustic wave filters
Authors: Nolot E. , Lefevre A. , Hilfiker J. N. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA complete bulk acoustic wave (BAW) technology was developed to meet the needs of modern wireless communication equipment. Wide spectral range spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to characterize both the thin piezoelectric aluminum nitride film and the acoustic reflector within the tight specifications required by electrical functionality. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multi‐plate misalignment artifacts in rotating‐compensator ellipsometry: Analysis and data treatment
Authors: Marsik P. , Humlicek J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractRotating compensator ellipsometry using multi‐plate retarders can suffer from various artifacts. Our measurements in the range from 1.4 to 6.2 eV revealed spurious oscillations in ellipsometric parameters. We assign these oscillations to the angular misalignment between the individual plates of the retarder. A simple model using Mueller matrix framework is constructed to describe the observed effects and to elucidate the origin of the artifacts. The model is used to predict the impact of the artifacts on the results of signal analysis, and a calibration procedure is presented. Finally, the knowledge of the origin of the artifacts has been successfully used to reduce substantially the spurious oscillations in measured data. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Determination of linear birefringence of a multiple‐order wave plate using a phase‐sensitive ellipsometer
Authors: Wei H. C. , Hsieh C. H. , Tsai C. C. , Yu L. P. , Chou C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA phase‐sensitive interferometric ellipsometer is setup in order to characterize linearly birefringent parameters (no,ne,m) of a multiple‐order wave plate (MWP) precisely where no and ne are refractive indices of ordinary and extraordinary rays respectively while m is the number of the order of interference.In order to avoid multiple reflections in MWP during the phase retardation measurement at oblique incidence, two tilted phase retardations with respect to the oblique incident angle rotated along x‐axis and y‐axis are measured and then subtracted from each other. In the mean time, the spatial shifting effect of the emerging beams from MWP is reduced too. This results the accuracy of linear birefringence measurement. Finally, a multiple‐order quartz wave plate was tested. The experimental results verify that the phase‐sensitive interferometric ellipsometer is able to precisely measure linear birefringence and the order number of a MWP. In this measurement, the phase stability of the interferometric ellipsometer was 0.3°/hr. It implies the sensitivity on refractive index measurement at δn ∼ 10–6 was achieved in the experiment. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dynamics of UV degradation of PMPSi in vacuum and in the air using in‐situ ellipsometry
Authors: Zrzavecká O. Fikarová , Nebojsa A. , Navrátil K. , Nešpůrek S. , Humlíček J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe present a comparative study of UV degradation of poly[methyl(phenyl)silane] (PMPSi) thin films on Si substrate in HV and in the air. When exposed to UV light with energies around 3.6 eV, the Si backbone scission occurs. The degradation rate is influenced by the presence of oxygen, which is bonded to the Si atoms following the backbone scission. In our experiments, the samples were placed in an HV chamber and ellipsometric spectra were continuously recorded in the 3.3–5.0 eV range. The combined tungsten (halogen)‐deuterium source ensuring a proper level of light intensity used for both exposition and measurement. During 100 hours exposures at atmospheric pressure, the PMPSi film degraded completely and its optical response did not change further. Degradation of the sample exposed in vacuum (at the pressure of 5 × 10–6 Pa) is slower and stops earlier. Ellipsometric technique allowed us to perform detailed studies of the degradation dynamics. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Adsorption of rhodamine 6G at the water‐air interface
Authors: Greef R. , Frey J. G. , Robinson J. , Danos L. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractWe wanted to detect and quantify adsorption of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) at the air/water interface to supplement previous work using second harmonic generation [1–4]. We found that at incidence angles close to the Brewster angle this can be achieved, even at very low bulk concentration. Fitting to a single film model, we found that adsorption can be measured down to very low concentrations of 10–7 M. This is contrasted with the behaviour of other dyes and other solvents. Outside the wavelength range of the dye absorption band the refractive index of the surface approaches that of pure water. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigation of the optical properties of organic‐inorganic hybrid polymers by IR to Vis‐fUV spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: Logothetidis S. , Laskarakis A. , Georgiou D. , Amberg‐Schwab S. , Weber U. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractInorganic‐organic hybrid polymers are used as barrier coatings in order to protect flexible electronic devices from the permeation of atmospheric oxygen and water vapour that induce oxidation to the Flexible Electronic Device (FED) organic layers, reducing their operation, efficiency and stability. In this work, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE) in a wide spectral region, from the infrared (IR) (900–4000 cm–1) to the Vis‐far UV (1.5‐6.5 eV) has been implemented in order to investigate the optical properties of different types of hybrid polymers, which are synthesized via the sol–gel technique onto Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), SiOx/PET and AlOx/PET substrates. The analysis of the measured SE spectra revealed valuable information about the electronic and vibrational response as well as the cross‐linking mechanisms that control the interface and barrier properties of these materials. Finally, the correlation of the optical properties with the synthesis parameters and the barrier response of these materials will significantly contribute towards their optimization in order to be used as high barrier coatings. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new sub‐nanosecond spectral ellipsometer for shock physics applications
Authors: Seifter A. , Swift D. C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDetecting phase changes in dynamically loaded materials at pressures up into the megabar regime is among the top challenges in shock physics. Probing the electronic band structure by means of spectral ellipsometry is one of the possible solutions to this problem. For this purpose a fast spectral ellipsometer in the spectral range from 500 to 2000 nm is developed currently in the Physics Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. This paper discusses some of the most prominent difficulties associated with shock physics experiments, including sample movement, roughening of the sample surface after shock breakout and a change of index of refraction due to compression of transparent anvils often used in this kind of experiments. The layout of the instrument and its main components (light source, detectors and polarization measurement components) will be described as well as simulated spectra in order to get an understanding of the main contributions to measurement uncertainties. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical nanometrology of Au nanoparticles on a multilayer film
Authors: Chang Yia‐Chung , Hsu Shih‐Hsin , Wei Pei‐Kuen , Kim Young Dong 
Published: March 2008

AbstractEllipsometric measurements coupled with efficient theoretical modeling are used to determine the size and distribution density of Au nanoparticles on a multilayer film. The rigorous coupled‐wave analysis (RCWA) and finiteelement Green's function method were used to model the polarization‐dependent reflectivity, and the model calculations are in reasonable agreement with the measurements. This demonstrates that the spectroscopic ellipsometry could be a useful optical tool for nondestructive nanometrology. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
41lanthanum‐based dielectric films analyzed by spectroscopic ellipsometry, X‐ray reflectometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Edon V. , Gaillet M. , Hugon M.C. , Eypert C. , Durand O. , Cardinaud C. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractComposition and interfacial properties of LaAlO3/Si thick (50 nm) and thin (7 nm) films were accessed by Far Ultra‐Violet Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (FUV‐SE), X‐Ray Reflectometry (XRR) and X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). FUV‐SE correlated to XRR analysis shows that LaAlO3/Si thick and thin films should be modelled by three‐layer stacks using Tauc‐Lorentz dispersion law. Annealing effects of LaAlO3/Si thin films such as increase of interfacial layer thickness and intermixing between high‐κ oxide and Si were demonstrated by FUV‐SE, and confirmed by XRR and XPS measurements. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Decoupling Functionalization from Sensor Array Assembly Using Detachable Cantilevers
Authors: Mcbride Kevin W. , Snow David E. , Walters Stephanie , Jernigan Zack , Weeks Brandon L. , Dallas Tim 
Published: March 2008

AbstractCantilevers are useful as sensor devices with high sensitivity and have shown great promise for dense, multianalyte arrays. One of the difficulties has been the fabrication of multianalyte arrays that are capable of the simultaneous detection of a wide range of chemical and biological species. Functionalization procedures for one class of analytes are often incompatible with other classes and cross contamination is a significant concern when ink‐jet deposition processes are used. In this study, we used surface micromachined cantilevers designed and fabricated using Sandia National Laboratories SUMMiT V MEMS process. The cantilevers are fabricated with a base that can be detached from the parent substrate after functionalization and mounted into a daughter array. We have utilized an IBM‐fabricated 8‐cantilever array chip as our daughter substrate due to its compatibility with a Scentris 8‐cantilever readout system. Our initial work demonstrates that this is a feasible procedure for decoupling functionalization from array assembly. SCANNING 30: 000–000, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Description of an in situ method to measure the punch wear during blanking
Authors: Monteil G. , Roizard X. , Gréban F. , Makich H. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a new method in order to measure the punch wear on a real stamping press during blanking. This in situ measuring method has been used for measuring the wear of tungsten carbide punches during blanking of thin copper alloy sheet steels (approximately 1/10 mm). As the quality of the final parts is largely influenced by the dimensions of the punch, the wear of the punch as low as a few micrometers must be avoided and consequently measured.So the difficulties to measure such a small wear amount on a high speed real industrial process (800 p/min) associated with the small overall dimensions of the punch is a great challenge.None of the existing measuring techniques (mainly geometrical) can ensure a continuous wear measurement without dismantling the blanking punch. The wear measurement technique developed for this study is the thin layer activation technique. The working area of the punch has been activated by means of a particles beam. The decay of the activity of the punch allows the punch wear to be monitored. Care has been taken to obtain a precise measurement of the punch wear during blanking.The results of the measurements of punch wear on an industrial stamping press are presented for various working conditions. For example, the influence of the punched material and the amount of lubrication upon the wear kinetics are described. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.