bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Intramedullary Calcar Support Plate and Lateral Locking Plate in Elderly Patients with Neer 3 and 4-Part Fractures of Proximal Humerus Through a Deltoid Splitting Approach
Authors: Wang Yijun , Zhao Liang , Liu Can , Qin Kang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The reduction and fixation of Medial humeral calcar is difficult in the treatment of elderly proximal humerus Neer 3 and 4-part fractures with a single lateral locking plate. Our study investigated the efficacy of an intramedullary calcar supporting plate combined with a lateral locking plate for the treatment of 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly through a deltoid splitting approach.

Methods
From June 2022 to December 2022, we treated six elderly patients with Neer 3 and 4-part fractures using proximal humeral intramedullary calcar support plate in combination with lateral locking plate through a deltoid splitting approach. Follow-up time was 6–12 months. Assessment indicators included fracture union, quality of reduction, and complication rate. The Constant-Murley score was used to record shoulder function at 6 months postoperatively.

Results
All 6 patients showed fracture union and anatomic reduction. Constant-Murley score was 79.5 (70–90) at 6 months postoperatively. There was no incision non-healing, internal fixation failure, bone non-union or surgical site infection, secondary surgery, or death. Shoulder impingement occurred in 1 case.

Conclusion
Proximal humeral intramedullary calcar support plate combined with lateral locking plate fixation through a deltoid splitting approach can effectively maintain fracture reduction, prevent inversion collapse of humeral head and internal fixation failure, and provide satisfactory clinical results at an early stage.
Depth-First Search Performance in a Random Digraph with Geometric Outdegree Distribution
Authors: Jacquet Philippe , Janson Svante 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe present an analysis of the depth-first search algorithm in a random digraph model with independent outdegrees having a geometric distribution. The results include asymptotic results for the depth profile of vertices, the height (maximum depth) and average depth, the number of trees in the forest, the size of the largest and second-largest trees, and the numbers of arcs of different types in the depth-first jungle. Most results are first order. For the height, we show an asymptotic normal distribution. This analysis, proposed by Donald Knuth in his next to appear volume of The Art of Computer Programming, gives interesting insight in one of the most elegant and efficient algorithm for graph analysis due to Tarjan.
Working condition recognition of fused magnesium furnace based on stochastic configuration networks and reinforcement learning
Authors: Li Weitao , Guan Shuzhi , Zhang Qian , Sun Wei , Li Qiyue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAutomatic and accurate recognition of abnormal working conditions of fused magnesia furnace is of great significance to the safe and reliable production of fused magnesia. Aiming at the defects of manual judgment of abnormal working conditions in the production process of fused magnesium furnace and the existing recognition method of abnormal working conditions based on machine learning, this paper proposes a working condition recognition model for fused magnesium furnace based on stochastic configuration networks and reinforcement learning. Firstly, a hybrid data augmentation method of generative and non-generative is used to obtain high-quality sample data with salient features. Secondly, based on ResNeXt, multi-scale local features are extracted under the condition of limited parameter quantity by controlling the cardinality. Combining a mixed model that enjoys the benefit of both self-attention and convolution (ACmix) and bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN), the extracted local feature maps of different scales are cross-scale fused and focused, and more differentiated detailed feature information of the region of interest is retained. Thirdly, based on Transformer, the working condition recognition network of fused magnesium furnace is constructed to improve the global correlation between adjacent local features in the spatial dimension. The fused features are sent to stochastic configuration networks to establish a classification criterion for working condition recognition of fused magnesium furnace with generalization ability. Finally, reinforcement learning is used to evaluate the credibility of uncertain recognition results of samples in real time, and a self-optimizing adjustment action strategy at the Transformer encoding layer is defined. Build a library of Transformer models with different encoding layers, which is adapt to the different feature extraction requirements of multi-modal working samples. The experimental results show that the method in this paper has better recognition performance and generalization ability than other algorithms.
Strategies to increase the robustness of microbial cell factories
Authors: Xu Pei , Lin Nuo-Qiao , Zhang Zhi-Qian , Liu Jian-Zhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEngineering microbial cell factories have achieved much progress in producing fuels, natural products and bulk chemicals. However, in industrial fermentation, microbial cells often face various predictable and stochastic disturbances resulting from intermediate metabolites or end product toxicity, metabolic burden and harsh environment. These perturbances can potentially decrease productivity and titer. Therefore, strain robustness is essential to ensure reliable and sustainable production efficiency. In this review, the current strategies to improve host robustness were summarized, including knowledge-based engineering approaches, such as transcription factors, membrane/transporters and stress proteins, and the traditional adaptive laboratory evolution based on natural selection. Computation-assisted (e.g. GEMs, deep learning and machine learning) design of robust industrial hosts was also introduced. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives on engineering microbial host robustness are proposed to promote the development of green, efficient and sustainable biomanufacturers.
Instructing the Young and Comforting the Aged in the Norwich and Norfolk Institution for the Indigent Blind, ca. 1805–55
Authors: Ottaway Susannah , Smart Adam , Schultz Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article considers the ways that Enlightenment ideas and practices shaped the founding of the Norwich and Norfolk Institution for the Indigent Blind, and then analyzes the disparate approaches to the aged versus the working-age blind in its first half-century (ca. 1805–55). While we see change over time, we also find distinctive continuity in the ongoing close connections inmates kept with Norwich civic life and family and friends; this was emphatically not a closed asylum. The institution demonstrated consistent commitment to helping its pupils towards self-sufficiency, with optimism about what the blind could (literally) turn their hands to. Nonetheless, the Norwich Institution was disciplinary, actively seeking to produce docile, productive bodies among its blind pupils, both through education and through work habits. Time, labor, and moral discipline increased for pupils over the course of its first half-century, and girls and women were pushed into less economically rewarding work practices. Equally important, while it had an unwavering, humanitarian commitment to providing for the aged blind, its insistent characterization of these inmates as helpless and pitiable limited the potential of the institution to facilitate the well-being of its older residents.
DID EURIPIDES’ ANDROMACHE PREMIERE OUTSIDE ATHENS?
Authors: Meccariello Chiara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article re-examines the scholium on Euripides, Andromache 445, which several scholars have used to support the claim that Andromache premiered outside Athens, and concludes that both the scholium itself and a remark in the play's hypothesis rather suggest that the play was produced in Athens as part of a dramatic competition.
CAERULEAN HOUNDS AND PUPPY-LIKE VOICES: THE CANINE ASPECTS OF ANCIENT SEA MONSTERS
Authors: Denson Ryan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article examines the dog-like aspects and associations of two marine monsters of Graeco-Roman antiquity: Scylla and the κῆτος. Both harbour recognizably canine features in their depictions in ancient art, as well as being referenced as dogs or possessing dog-like attributes in ancient texts. The article argues that such distinctly canine elements are related to, and probably an extension of, the conceptualization of certain marine animals, most prominently sharks, as ‘sea dogs’. Accordingly, we should understand these two sea monsters and the sea dogs as being interrelated in the ancient imagination. Such a canine resonance to certain sea creatures offers a valuable insight into the Graeco-Roman imagination of the marine element as being the abode of creatures reminiscent of terrestrial dogs.
Reproduction of Marphysa sanguinea Annelida, Polychaeta (Eunicidae), at Mount Edgecombe, Plymouth, near the type locality in Southwest England
Authors: Olive Peter J.W. , Karageorgopoulos Perikles , Hutchings Pat A. , Lavesque Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The reproductive cycle of Marphysa sanguinea is described for a population at Mount Edgecombe, Plymouth, near the type location in Southwest England, using a data set obtained previously (October 1999 to September 2000). The species is iteroparous without schizogamy, spawning prior to October 1999 and during a short breeding season in 2000 from end August through September. The sexes are separate with a sex ratio of 1:1. Mature oocytes and spawned eggs are 215 μm in diameter and spermatozoa of the ectaqua sperm type. Mature gametes of both sexes are discharged through paired coelomoducts, and the diploid chromosome number is 28. Proliferation of new coelomic gametes from paired gonads began within a month of spawning and continued for 8–9 months but ovulation was suppressed in June and July. Attempts to undertake fertilisation using spawned oocytes and active spermatozoa were unsuccessful. The size of discharged oocytes suggests a short pelagic larval duration of a few days. This is the first publication about the reproduction of this species, and our results suggest that M. sanguinea is restricted to intertidal areas in SW England, NW France and southern North Sea. The highly synchronised pattern of reproduction observed is not compatible with a quasi-cosmopolitan species range indicating that this species has been mistakenly reported from around the world. Future studies of the genus should combine rigorous taxonomy with observations of reproduction to facilitate comparison among Marphysa spp.
New geographical records of 15 reef fish species from Lakshadweep, India
Authors: Anto Alvin , Babu Sandra , Sreeram Miriam Paul , Ramanathan Sreenath K. , Fricke Ronald 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present study, 15 new records from Kavaratti Atoll are added to the ichthyofaunal diversity of the Lakshadweep Archipelago and six to the Indian fish fauna based on underwater photographs and videos. Fishes were recorded from both lagoon and forereef areas off Kavaratti. The new records include Cirripectes auritus (Blackflap blenny), Cirripectes polyzona (Barred blenny), Ecsenius bicolor (Bicolor blenny), Glyptoparus delicatulus (Delicate blenny), Amblyeleotris wheeleri (Gorgeous prawn-goby), Eviota punyit (Punyit dwarfgoby), Eviota cf. teresae (Viridescent dwarfgoby), Cirrhitichthys falco (Dwarf hawkfish), Halichoeres leucoxanthus (Canarytop wrasse), Pseudocheilinus evanidus (Disappearing wrasse), Coris latifasciata (Broad banded wrasse), Pomacentrus xanthocercus (Yellowtail damsel), Plectroglyphidodon luteobrunneus (Indian gregory), Pomacentrus indicus (Indian damsel) and Synodus dermatogenys (Sand lizardfish). Six species, G. delicatulus, E. cf. teresae, E. punyit, P. xanthocercus, P. evanidus and C. latifasciata represent new records for Indian waters. The genus Amblyeleotris is recorded for the first time from Lakshadweep.
Reproductive biology and sperm storage characters in two bobtail squid species (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae)
Authors: Sato Noriyosi , Tanabe Ryohei , Uezu Takeru , Matsuoka Toshiki , Nakajima Asuka 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Bobtail squids (Family Sepiolidae) have a variety of sperm storage patterns, but their reproductive biology has not been studied in many species, especially those in Japanese waters. Two species, Austrorossia bipapillata (Subfamily Rossiinae) and Sepiolina nipponensis (Subfamily Heteroteuthinae) inhabit Suruga Bay in Japan. These were sampled approximately bimonthly by trawling at around 500 m between the end of September, 2020 and May, 2022. They were measured for body size (dorsal mantle length) and weighed for gonadosomatic index (GSI) calculation, and their sperm storage mechanism was investigated. The reproductive season occurs from May to October in A. bipapillata and from December to February in S. nipponensis. In both species, spermatangia were deposited inside the mantle cavity as implanted spermatangia. In A. bipapillata, 5.7 ± 6.5 spermatangia were deeply implanted in the opening of the oviduct, and in S. nipponensis 62.7 ± 61.5 spermatangia were attached to the left gill and surface of the connective-tissue capsule enclosing the digestive gland. The GSI was lower and there were fewer spermatophores stored in the spermatophoric sac of A. bipapillata males compared to S. nipponensis, leading us to suggest that it is exposed to weaker sperm competition than S. nipponensis, irrespective of similar sperm storage mechanism in the two species.
‘I'm a fighter and I do not give up’ – Socially isolated older adults' experiences with meaning in life
Authors: Machielse Anja 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Positively experienced relationships with family, partners and friends are the most important source of meaning in life for older persons. At the same time, Western countries are confronted with a growing number of socially isolated older adults who lack those relationships. This study aims to explore whether and how older adults who live in social isolation experience meaning in life. Data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 24 socially isolated older adults, ranging in age from 62 to 94, all living in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The criterion-based sampling of participants took place in close consultation with social workers of a mentoring project for socially isolated older adults. Follow-up interviews with 22 participants improved the credibility of findings and contributed to the breadth and depth of the researched casuistry. Data were analysed using an analytical framework based on seven needs of meaning identified by Baumeister (purpose, values, efficacy, self-worth) and Derkx (coherence, excitement, connectedness). The study demonstrates that isolated older adults may find anchors for meaning in life, although not all needs for meaning are satisfied, and there can also be tension between different needs. The needs-based model provides concrete distinctions for enabling care-givers to recognise elements of meaning.
Post-migration HIV acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mann Simran , Mougammadou Zeenathnisa , Wohlfahrt Jan , Elmahdi Rahma 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Migrants in Europe face a disproportionate burden of HIV infection; however, it remains unclear if this can be prevented through public health interventions in host countries. We undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate post-migration HIV acquisition (PMHA) as a proportion of all HIV cases in European migrants. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, HMIC, and Cochrane Library were searched with terms capturing ‘HIV’, ‘migration’, and ‘Europe’. Data relating to the proportion of HIV acquired following migration were extracted and random-effects model (REM) meta-analysis was undertaken to calculate a pooled estimate for the proportion of PMHA in European countries. Subgroup meta-analysis was undertaken for PMHA by migrant demographic characteristics and host country. Fifteen articles were included for systematic review following retrieval and screening of 2,320 articles. A total of 47,182 migrants in 11 European countries were included in REM meta-analysis, showing an overall PMHA proportion of 0.30 (95% CI: 0.23–0.38). Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in PMHA between host country and migrant demographic characteristics. This work illustrates that migrants continue to be at high risk of HIV acquisition in Europe. This indicates the need for targeted screening and HIV prevention interventions, ensuring resources are appropriately directed to combat the spread of HIV.
Temperament and sex as moderating factors of the effects of exposure to maternal depression on telomere length in early childhood
Authors: Bosquet Enlow Michelle , De Vivo Immaculata , Petty Carter R. , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Individual differences in sensitivity to context are posited to emerge early in development and to influence the effects of environmental exposures on a range of developmental outcomes. The goal of the current study was to examine the hypothesis that temperament characteristics and biological sex confer differential vulnerability to the effects of exposure to maternal depression on telomere length in early childhood. Telomere length has emerged as a potentially important biomarker of current and future health, with possible mechanistic involvement in the onset of various disease states. Participants comprised a community sample of children followed from infancy to age 3 years. Relative telomere length was assessed from DNA in saliva samples collected at infancy, 2 years, and 3 years. Maternal depressive symptoms and the child temperament traits of negative affectivity, surgency/extraversion, and regulation/effortful control were assessed via maternal report at each timepoint. Analyses revealed a 3-way interaction among surgency/extraversion, sex, and maternal depressive symptoms, such that higher surgency/extraversion was associated with shorter telomere length specifically among males exposed to elevated maternal depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that temperament and sex influence children’s susceptibility to the effects of maternal depression on telomere dynamics in early life.
Kant, the Nation-State, and Immigration
Authors: Miller David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Kant is invariably read by his followers as antipathetic to all forms of nationalism. Yet he was interested in differences of national character and used an organic metaphor to explain why states should not be broken up or annexed (unfortunately he never commented explicitly on the dismemberment of Poland by Prussia and its allies). He favoured a plural world in which national differences of language and religion prevented the emergence of despotic world government. So his acknowledgement of a limited obligation to provide refuge to vulnerable people should not be amplified into an acceptance of culturally disruptive mass migration.
Parallel Electron Beams at Io: Numerical Simulations of the Dense Plasma Wake
Authors: Dols V. , Paterson W. R. , Bagenal F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn 1995, the Galileo spacecraft traversed the wake of Io at ∼900 km altitude. The instruments onboard detected intense bi‐directional field‐aligned electron beams (∼140 eV–150 keV), embedded in a dense, cold and slow plasma wake (Nel ∼ 35,000 cm−3, Ti < 10 eV, V < 3 km/s). Similar electron beams were also detected along subsequent Galileo flybys. Using numerical simulations, we show that these electron beams are responsible for the formation of Io's dense plasma wake. We prescribe the composition of Io's atmosphere in S, O, SO and SO2, compute the atmospheric ionization by the beams with a parameterization adapted from study of auroral electrons at Earth, the plasma flow into Io's atmosphere with a Magneto‐Hydro‐Dynamic code, and the ion composition and temperature with a multi‐species physical chemistry code. Results reveal contrasting chemistries between the upstream and wake regions, leading to different ion compositions. The upstream chemistry is driven by the torus thermal electrons at 5 eV with SO2+ becoming the dominant ion because of electron‐impact ionization of the SO2 atmosphere. The wake chemistry is driven by the high‐energy electrons in the beams with S+ and SO+ becoming the dominant ions produced by dissociative‐ionization of SO2. We show that the wake ion composition is highly sensitive to the atmospheric composition. Juno, in its extended mission, will traverse Io's wake and determine its ion composition, which, compared with our numerical simulations will enable us to infer the detailed composition of the atmosphere.
Passive Optical Observation of Mesosphere and Thermosphere Wind Over Three Stations in China
Authors: Wei Yafei , Gu Sheng‐Yang , Li Na , Qin Yusong , Sun Ruidi , Wang Dong , Hu Guoyuan , Le Huijun , Yuan Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFabry Perot interferometer (FPI) is an essential ground‐based passive optical observation device to detect middle and upper atmospheric information. Three FPIs are located at Kunming (103.8°E, 25.6°N), Xinglong (117.4°E, 40.2°N), and Mohe (122.3°E, 53.5°N), China. The diurnal and annual variation of night wind at 87, 97, and 250 km are investigated from 2019 to 2021, compared to Horizontal Wind Model 14 (HWM14) to check the prediction accuracy for the local wind field. Our results are as follows: (a) At 87 km, the zonal winds are similar in Kunming and Xinglong, but the meridional winds are generally stronger in Kunming. The zonal and meridional winds in both locations are dominated by semidiurnal variations. (b) At 97 km, the duration of semidiurnal variation of zonal winds and diurnal variation of meridional winds in Kunming is long, which is opposite to that of Xinglong. (c) At 250 km, the wind speed increases with latitude for both zonal and meridional winds, which are both dominated by diurnal variations for all the three sites. Unlike 87 and 97 km, the entire wind field at 250 km is dominated by annual variation, except for a significant semiannual variation at midnight in Mohe. (d) Overall, the HWM14 predictions are stronger than the FPI measurements at peak wind speeds and similar at 87 and 97 km, which surpasses the performance at 250 km. Especially at 250 km, the model results are worse for the zonal winds of Kunming and the meridional winds of Mohe. These results will help to understand the wind field in the middle and upper atmosphere and improve the accuracy of the model.