bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Azimuthal Scanning Excitation Surface Plasmon Resonance Holographic Microscopy
Authors: Zhang Jiwei , Wang Shuqi , Li Wenrui , Luo Xiangyuan , Wang Lingke , Mi Jingyu , Dou Jiazhen , Dai Siqing , Lu Fanfan , Li Peng , Zhao Jianlin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurface plasmon resonance (SPR) holographic microscopy exploits surface plasmon wave as illumination and acquires both SPR intensity and phase images. It detects extremely tiny variations of weakly interacting objects owing to high sensitivity and has been applied in cell biology, material science, surface chemistry, etc. However, it is very challenging to solve the problem of poor spatial resolution due to the transverse propagation of surface plasmon wave. In this paper, an azimuthal scanning excitation method is proposed in SPR holographic microscopy to improve the spatial resolution by engineering the Fourier spectra of SPR images from dual‐arc to circular shape. The study modulates the light field with spatial position, wavevector, and polarization to realize azimuthal scanning excitation of SPR. Systematic experiments of dielectric spheres, nanowires, two‐dimension materials, and complex nanostructure are conducted to show the resolution improvement with one order of magnitude, the higher detection sensitivity of SPR phase than that of SPR intensity, and the necessities of both of high‐resolution SPR intensity and phase images to retrieve sample information in certain scenarios. Benefiting from the high detection sensitivity and spatial resolution, the proposed microscopy will find wide applications in nanoparticle analysis, low‐dimensional material characterization, and imaging extremely thin or transparent samples.
Moisture‐Resistant Orange Emitters with Near‐Unity Quantum Yield from Mn2+ Alloyed Vacancy‐Ordered Quadruple Perovskites
Authors: Dang Peipei , Gu Qianqian , Zhang Guodong , Lian Hongzhou , Li Guogang , Lin Jun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMn2+‐doped metal halide perovskites present remarkable optical properties in optoelectronic applications, although the realization of high efficiency and stability is still a challenge. In this work, a series of highly efficient and stable orange‐emitting Mn2+ alloyed Cs4Cd1‐xMnxBi2Cl12 single crystals are successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal reaction. Combined with the crystal structure and spectral characterization at 7 K, the site occupation of Mn2+ and defect emission are systematically discussed. Benefiting from the effective [BiCl6]3−→[MnCl6]4− energy transfer and lattice distortion, these single crystals exhibit a maximum internal and external quantum yield of ≈97% and ≈65% at 35% heavy doping level. Interestingly, these Mn2+‐alloyed single crystals exhibit remarkably waterproof stability, no decrease in emission intensity is observed after immersion in deionized water for 4 h. After soaking in deionized water for 100 days, the internal quantum yield can still maintain 44%, implying good chemical stability and moisture resistance due to the formation of protective BiOCl layer. This work provides new insights into the optimization mechanism for Mn2+ luminescence and overcoming the downside of their waterproofing in humid conditions.
PVDF‐Based Electrospun Nanofibers for Oil/Water Separation: A Review
Authors: Matabola Kgabo P. , Mokhena Teboho C. , Bambo Mokae F. , Mokhothu Thabang H. , Modise Joe S. , Mochane Mokgaotsa J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe rising widespread oil‐impacted wastewater warrants an urgent call for innovative approaches to the handling of oily wastewater. A variety of techniques has been investigated to treat oil‐impacted water, and they are found to be inefficient. Electrospun nanofibers emerge as the viable technique to treat oily wastewater precisely owing to their high specific surface areas and interconnected nanoscale pore structures. In this review, a brief background on the study is provided followed by the environmental pollution by the oily wastewater. Subsequent to that, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) modification methods are also presented followed by the physicochemical properties of both the electrospun PVDF blends and the PVDF‐based composites. Furthermore, the performances of the PVDF‐based composites in oil/water separation are described. It is concluded with the future prospects for using PVDF‐based composites for oil/water separation.
Controllable Blue Shift and Enhancement Emission during the Gradually Increasing Molecular Weight of Polyacrylamide
Authors: Zhou Qing , Xu Haiyan , Chen Wang , Jin Feng , Lei Xiaoping , Zhang Yuanchao , Yang Lei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNonconventional luminescent polymers have become research hotspots due to their advantages such as persistent room temperature phosphorescence (p‐RTP) emission and strong film‐forming properties. It is proven that the molecular weight (MW) of such luminescent polymers has a significant impact on their emission over a large range, generally with a red shift as the MW increases. Herein, four controllable MW polyacrylamides are prepared via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT), and their photoluminescence quantum yield and p‐RTP lifetimes gradually increase with the increasing MW. The emission of p‐RTP gradually shifts blue with increasing MW, which is likely due to the gradually changing interactions between the electron‐rich portion in RAFT reagent and the increasing acrylamide (AM) units in the molecular chain. These can be reasonably explained through small angle X‐ray scattering, the clustering‐triggered emission (CTE) mechanism, and supported by theoretical calculations. Powder with controllable p‐RTP capability has the potential for strategic anti‐counterfeiting encryption. The above results not only promote the development of the CTE mechanism toward more precise explanations but also provide new ideas for the preparation of nonconventional luminescent polymers with controllable p‐RTP emission performance.
Biosynthetic potential of the sediment microbial subcommunities of an unexplored karst ecosystem and its ecological implications
Authors: Suárez‐Moo Pablo , Prieto‐Davó Alejandra 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicrobial communities from various environments have been studied in the quest for new natural products with a broad range of applications in medicine and biotechnology. We employed an enrichment method and genome mining tools to examine the biosynthetic potential of microbial communities in the sediments of a coastal sinkhole within the karst ecosystem of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Our investigation led to the detection of 203 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and 55 secondary metabolites (SMs) within 35 high‐quality metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs) derived from these subcommunities. The most abundant types of BGCs were Terpene, Nonribosomal peptide‐synthetase, and Type III polyketide synthase. Some of the in silico identified BGCs and SMs have been previously reported to exhibit biological activities against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Others could play significant roles in the sinkhole ecosystem, such as iron solubilization and osmotic stress protection. Interestingly, 75% of the BGCs showed no sequence homology with bacterial BGCs previously reported in the MiBIG database. This suggests that the microbial communities in this environment could be an untapped source of genes encoding novel specialized compounds. The majority of the BGCs were identified in pathways found in the genus Virgibacillus, followed by Sporosarcina, Siminovitchia, Rhodococcus, and Halomonas. The latter, along with Paraclostridium and Lysinibacillus, had the highest number of identified BGC types. This study offers fresh insights into the potential ecological role of SMs from sediment microbial communities in an unexplored environment, underscoring their value as a source of novel natural products.
How perceived risks in interorganizational collaboration shape disaster response strategies
Authors: Song Minsun , Hwang Joungyoon , Ki Namhoon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInterorganizational collaboration is a means, through which governments to effectively respond to disasters. However, the extent to which collaboration risks embedded in interorganizational relationships shape such collaborative arrangements largely remains unanswered. This study examined the impact of collaboration risks as perceived by organizational representatives with regard to emergency management (EM). To this end, we conducted an EM survey in Seoul in 2015 and analyzed the data using a quadratic assignment procedure logistic regression. The dyadic network analytic results demonstrated that the aggregate risks as perceived by paired organizations are negatively associated with the establishment of collaboration ties. In contrast, a significant disparity in the perceived risk levels between paired organizations promotes collaborative network arrangements; when one party perceives substantially lower collaboration risks relative to the other, it can create a favorable condition for both parties to initiate interorganizational collaboration.
Novel sulfonated calixarenes derived crosslinker for reinforcing and toughening collagen: Relevance between structure and properties
Authors: Zhou Yongxiang , Zhao Jiamin , Ma Jianzhong , Gao Dangge , Zhang Xinyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCollagen is widely used in the development of new functional materials due to its high structural stability, good biocompatibility, and excellent hydrophilicity, but the collagen protein denatures easily, which makes its thermal stability and mechanical strength difficult to reach some of the parameters required in the application. To solve this, protein crosslinking is an effective way to better use collagen. In this paper, we compared the thermal stability and morphological stability of three kinds of sulfonated calixarenes crosslinked collagen before and after the treatment. The results showed that sulfonated calixarenes could significantly improve the thermal stability and morphological stability of dermal collagen. The reinforcing and toughening mechanism of the sulfonated calixarenes was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), ultraviolet–visible–near‐infrared (UV–vis–NIR) spectrometer, X‐ray diffraction detection (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and circular dichroism (CD) detection. The results showed that sulfonated calixarenes were evenly distributed in collagen fibers and formed hydrogen bonds or electrovalent bonds with amino groups, peptide groups, or amide groups in collagen to improve the thermal stability of the collagen. Three kinds of sulfonated calixarenes enter collagen fiber to support the collagen, increase the three‐dimensional weave angle of collagen, and improve the physical and mechanical properties of collagen, thereby toughening and enhancing the collagen. Based on the above studies, the reinforcing and toughening mechanism of the sulfonated calixarenes crosslinked collagen was established. Confirmed the existence of hydrogen bonds between the three sulfonated calixarenes and collagen, and the nonchemical bond energy of the system was proportional to the molecular size of sulfonated calixarenes.
Effect of geometric structure and fiber orientation on crashworthiness of honeycomb‐inspired composite thin‐walled tubes
Authors: Feng Kangyi , Wei Guangyan , Yu Hang , Yao Lu , Wang Wei , Shen Yue , Yan Xuefeng , Ma Yan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the crashworthiness of biomimetic composite thin‐walled tubes under quasi‐static axial crushing, focusing on the effects of geometric structure and fiber orientation. The thin‐walled tubes, inspired by honeycomb structures, were manufactured using carbon fiber composites through multi‐cavity preform mold method. Quasi‐static crushing tests and CT scanning observation were conducted to characterize the mechanical response, crashworthiness mechanisms and energy absorption capacity of the thin‐walled tubes. Results demonstrated excellent energy absorption capacities across all configurations, with the C‐0/45 configuration achieving the highest specific energy absorption at 115.03 kJ/kg. The optimal crushing energy absorption process for thin‐walled tubes involves achieving high peak loads and maintaining high load levels. Sustaining high loads requires progressive and stable damage without the formation of extensive intermediate cracks between different plies (indicative of strong interlaminar shear strength). The structural integrity of the uncrushed sections must remain intact without significant damage during the crushing process. Fiber orientation parallel to the loading direction enhances peak load levels and interlaminar shear strength between plies, but may compromise circumferential stiffness and structural stability. The influence of geometric configuration is primarily manifested in the progressive and stable crushing phase, where the tube requires sufficient space to accumulate its own debris without causing damage to the uncrushed thin‐walled structure.Highlights
Structures and fiber orientation boost crashworthiness in biomimetic composite tubes.
Biomimetic structures were produced using a multi‐cavity preform mold method.
CT scans were conducted to characterize the energy absorption mechanisms.
Composite tubes demonstrated excellent energy absorption capacity of 115 kJ/kg.
Effect of nanosecond laser pulse width and energy on damage characteristics in carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates
Authors: Qu Meijiao , Song Yuheng , Wen Jinjun , He Weifeng , Zhu Hanrui , Liu Kai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explores the effects of laser pulse width and energy on CFRP laminates damage in laser bond inspection technology. Three testing programs were used, including varying laser energy while keeping pulse width constant, altering pulse width while maintaining constant power density, and modifying pulse width while keeping energy constant. The results show that when the pulse width remains constant, increased laser energy has a minimal effect on the initial damage location but leads to gradual interlayer delamination and fiber fracture propagation toward the impact surface. With constant laser energy, a specific threshold for pulse width is observed. When the laser pulse width is below this threshold, it exhibits a positive correlation with the damage characteristics of CFRP laminates, whereas when it exceeds this threshold, it shows a negative correlation. Power density correlates with damage when pulse width is constant, but there is no direct correlation when pulse width varies.Highlights
CFRP laminates underwent laser shock tests with varying pulse widths.
Power density is positively correlated with damage under specific conditions.
There exists a specific threshold for laser pulse width.
In single‐sided laser shock, initial damage spreads within a specified range.
Prenatal cardiac findings and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Fetal detection and evaluation
Authors: Goldmuntz Elizabeth , Bassett Anne S. , Boot Erik , Marino Bruno , Moldenhauer Julie S. , Óskarsdóttir Sólveig , Putotto Carolina , Rychik Jack , Schindewolf Erica , McDonald‐McGinn Donna M. , Blagowidow Natalie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClinical features of 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) are highly variable between affected individuals and frequently include a subset of conotruncal and aortic arch anomalies. Many are diagnosed with 22q11.2DS when they present as a fetus, newborn or infant with characteristic cardiac findings and subsequently undergo genetic testing. The presence of an aortic arch anomaly with characteristic intracardiac anomalies increases the likelihood that the patient has 22q11.2 DS, but those with an aortic arch anomaly and normal intracardiac anatomy are also at risk. It is particularly important to identify the fetus at risk for 22q11.2DS in order to prepare the expectant parents and plan postnatal care for optimal outcomes. Fetal anatomy scans now readily identify aortic arch anomalies (aberrant right subclavian artery, right sided aortic arch or double aortic arch) in the three‐vessel tracheal view. Given the association of 22q11.2DS with aortic arch anomalies with and without intracardiac defects, this review highlights the importance of recognizing the fetus at risk for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome with an aortic arch anomaly and details current methods for genetic testing. To assist in the prenatal diagnosis of 22q11.2DS, this review summarizes the seminal features of 22q11.2DS, its prenatal presentation and current methods for genetic testing.
Does health insurance participation matter in shaping African immigrants' physical health in Guangzhou, China? The role of mental health
Authors: Du Haitao , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChina is a burgeoning immigrant‐receiving country, and policies on immigration are just beginning to be developed. While African immigration to China was uncommon 30 years ago, China has gradually become a major destination for African immigrants due to its robust economy, welcoming universities, and low cost of living. Currently, there are increasing numbers of African students and professionals who are migrating to China to study or work. The health status of African migrants in China shapes their wellbeing, which plays a key role in strengthening long‐term cooperative relations between China and African countries. Although previous literature has examined the socioeconomic status of these African immigrants, the role of health insurance participation in shaping the health status of African immigrants remains obscure in China. Using data from the 2019 questionnaire‐survey in Guangzhou, China, this paper investigates the underlying mechanism driving African immigrants' health insurance participation as critical to their physical and mental health. Our results demonstrate that health insurance participation is a pivotal factor in the overall health of African immigrants; specifically, purchasing health insurance and one's mental and physical health can be characterised as a feedback loop. Purchasing health insurance can positively impact mental health, and consequently, better mental health can improve physical health. Good physical health also tends to bolster mental health. Therefore, policies aimed at improving African immigrants' mental and physical health are expected to encourage them to purchase health insurance above their present low level of insurance participation. The proposal here is that health policymaking for immigrants should include the interaction mechanism between physical and mental health rather than focus only on physical health conditions.
Three‐dimensionalized feature‐based LiDAR‐visual odometry for online mapping of unpaved road surfaces
Authors: Lee Junwoon , Kurisu Masamitsu , Kuriyama Kazuya 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAutomated maintenance and motion planning for unpaved roads are research areas of great interest in the field robotics. Constructing such systems necessitates the development of surface maps for unpaved roads. However, the lack of distinctive features on unpaved roads degrades the performance of light detection and ranging (LiDAR)‐based mapping. To address this problem, this paper proposes three‐dimensionalized feature‐based LiDAR‐visual odometry (TFB odometry) for the online mapping of unpaved road surfaces. TFB odometry introduces a novel interpolation concept to directly estimate the three‐dimensional coordinates of the image features using LiDAR. Furthermore, LiDAR intensity‐weighted motion estimation is proposed to effectively mitigate the effects of dust, which significantly impact the performance of LiDAR. Finally, TFB odometry includes pose graph optimization to efficiently fuse global navigation satellite system data and poses estimated from motion estimation. Through field experiments on unpaved roads, TFB odometry demonstrated successful online full mapping and outperformed other simultaneous localization and mapping methods. Additionally, it demonstrated remarkable performance in accurately mapping road surface anomalies, even in dusty regions.
Manure fertilizer divergently affects organic and inorganic carbon in a dryland agricultural soil
Authors: Su Fuyuan , Kong Weibo , Qiu Liping , Wu Qifan , Zhu Hansong , Wei Xin , Wu Yonghong , Hao Mingde , Ni Huaqian , Wei Xiaorong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoil carbon (C) is important to support sustainable agriculture, affect global C cycling, and influence the climate system. Manure fertilization is an important and widely used practice to increase agricultural productivity and soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, whereas its effect on soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and total C in deep soils is not reported. This knowledge gap restricts our ability to accurately evaluate C budget in agricultural soils because SIC in deep soils accounts for more than half of the global soil C pools, while current earth system models rarely take them into account. Herein, we examined changes of soil C along 0‐ to 3.0‐m depth after 35 years of application of manure in a dryland agricultural ecosystem. We also measured C concentrations in soil samples (0–0.2 m) from 1985 to 2019 to evaluate C dynamics in topsoils. The objective was to understand how SIC and SOC in deep soils respond to manure fertilization in semiarid ecosystem, where SIC accounts for a large fraction of total C. We showed a divergent effect of 35 years of manure application on SOC and SIC in 0–3.0 m soil from a dryland agricultural ecosystem. Either within or across the two cropping systems examined, manure increased SOC in top 0.8 m layer but decreased SIC in 0.8–3.0 m layer, which offset SOC increase and resulted in 63.8 Mg ha−1 decrease of total C in 0–3.0 m soil layer. Given the importance of soil C for sustainable agriculture and that drylands contain 80% of the global SIC and ∼50% of world cropland, immediate attention should be paid to such divergent effects in both mechanisms understanding and model prediction.