bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of padma 28 in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Korwin‐Piotrowska T. , Nocoń D. , Stańkowska‐Chomicz A. , Starkiewicz A. , Wójcicki J. , Samochowiec L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne hundred subjects suffering from a chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group 1 received Padma 28, two tablets three times a day, and group 2, the control, were treated only symptomatically. Treatment and observation lasted for 1 year. Examinations performed directly prior to the study and in the course of observation included: neurological state, visual and auditory evoked potentials, basic laboratory tests. A positive effect of Padma 28 was observed in 44% of patients with multiple sclerosis in the form of improvement of general condition, increase of muscle strength, decrease or disappearance of disorders affecting sphincters. In 41% of patients with initially an abnormal tracing of visual evoked potentials, an improvement or normalization was achieved. Of patients, who did not receive Padma 28 none felt better, moreover, 40% of them showed a deterioration. Tolerance of the drug was excellent.
Effects of naringenin and quercetin on experimental chronic gastric ulcer in rat. Studies on the histological findings
Authors: Motilva V. , Alarc de la Lastra C. Ón , Mart Calero M. J. Ín , Torreblanca J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of chronic intragastric administration of the flavonoid derivatives naringenin and quercetin (100 mg/kg body weight) on mucosal lesion induced by acetic acid were studied in the rat. The evolution of the healing process of the ulcer by histological measurement was also investigated. Ranitidine was used as a positive reference drug. Compounds were consecutively administered to different groups of rats for 8, 21 and 50 days. The values for the histological mucosa regeneration index as well as the morphological results, indicated that the naringenin cure potential in prolonged treatments was higher than that of the other drugs.
Modulation of microsomal activity by potential chemopreventive agents of plant origin
Authors: Teel R. W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTen compounds with potential chemopreventive activity were studied to determine their effects on microsomal mixed‐function oxidase and epoxide hydratase activity. In these studies, the highest nontoxic concentration of each compound was incubated with 1 mg rat liver microsomal protein and either [H3]benzo[a]pyrene 4,5‐oxide or [H3]benzo[a]pyrene 7,8‐dihydrodiol. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the metabolites was used to determine the ratio of metabolites to unmetabolized parent compound and then compared with control samples. Three of the ten compounds affected epoxide hydratase activity. Capsaicin inhibited; whereas, catechin and esculetin enhanced EH activity. Seven of the compounds tested inhibited microsomal mixed‐function oxidase activity. In order of potency, these seven compounds were tannic acid, d‐limonene, capsaicin, ellagic acid, propyl gallate, esculetin and catechin. Since the mutagenic and/or carcinogenic action of many chemicals is dependent upon the metabolic activity of microsomal mixed‐function oxidase and epoxide hydrase, the modulation of this activity by these chemicals provides further evidence in support of their potential chemopreventive properties.
Pharmacological studies of the antiinflammatory profile of Mikania cordata (Burm) B. L. robinson root extract in rodents
Authors: Bhattacharya S. , Pal S. , Chaudhuri A. K. Nag 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe methanolic fraction of the root extract of Mikania cordata was found to possess an inhibitory effect on carrageenin and other mediator—induced oedema; there was a significant inhibition of protein exudation, an increase in peritoneal capillary permeability and leucocyte migration in inflammatory conditions. The extract significantly inhibited both cotton pellet and carrageenin—induced granuloma formation, was effective in experimentally induced arthritic conditions and turpentine—induced joint oedema. The extract also possessed inhibitory effects on sodium urate‐induced experimental gout. A significant reduction of pyrexia was also found to occur when rats were treated with the extract. Thus it may be concluded that the methanolic fraction of M. cordata root extract possessed significant antiinflammatory effects in exudative, proliferative and chronic phases of inflammation and demonstrated an antipyretic activity.
Hypocholesterolaemic and antiatherosclerotic effects of solasodine (C27H42O2N) in cholesterol fed rabbits
Authors: Dixit V. P. , Varma M. , Mathur N. T. , Mathur R. , Sharma S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSolasodine (C27H42O2N), a nitrogen analogue of diosgenin reduced serum cholesterol and LDL cholesterol by 73.3% and 73.5% and prevented atherogenesis (Atherogenic index‐control: 1.99; athero‐ group: 3.12; solasodine treatment 2.12–2.32). The cholesterol/phospholipid ratio was decreased by 42.02% while the HDL ratio was raised significantly. Solasodine treatment prevented the accumulation of cholesterol in the liver and aorta and regressed plaque size in the thoracic and abdominal aorta. Faecal excretion of cholesterol and phospholipids was significantly (p>0.001) increased suggesting that modulation of absorption was affected.
An evaluation of the toxicity of the oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus medica in rats
Authors: Mishra A. K. , Kishore N. , Dubey N. K. , Chansouria J. P. N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn the present study the effect of chronic ingestion of a diet treated with different concentrations of essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus medica on body weight, diet consumption, haemoglobin, total and differential leucocyte count, blood glucose, protein, cholesterol and urea levels and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase activity has been investigated in albino rats. Rats in the treated groups showed a more pronounced increase in body weight in comparison to control rats after 60 days. The rats of the treated group consumed more diet than those of the control group. The haemoglobin percentage, total and differential leucocyte count, blood glucose, protein, cholesterol, urea, SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase did not differ significantly between the rats of control and treated groups.
Antitumour activity of Ganoderma lucidum, an edible mushroom, on intraperitoneally implanted lewis lung carcinoma in synergenic mice
Authors: Furusawa E. , Chou S. C. , Furusawa S. , Hirazumi A. , Dang Y. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe antitumour activity of Ganoderma lucidum, called ‘Ling‐Zhi or holy mushroom’in Chinese traditional medicine, was investigated on intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. An aqueous extract of Ling‐Zhi significantly increased the life span of tumour‐implanted mice, when administered intraperitoneally alone or in combination with cytotoxic antitumour drugs (Adriamycin, fluorouracil, thioguanine, methotrexate, Cisplatin) or a synthetic immunomodulator (Imexon). The aqueous extract was not cytotoxic in cell cultures and the antitumour activity was abolished by pretreatment of mice with cyclosporine. The active principle(s) was found to be present predominantly in the ethanol precipitable fraction of the aqueous extract.
Oligo‐ and macrocyclic diterpenes in thymelaeaceae and euphorbiaceae occurring and utilized in yunnan (Southwest China) 3. Two new daphnane type 9,13,14‐orthoesters from Wikstroemia mekongenia
Authors: Dagang Wu , Sorg B. , Adolf W. , Seip E. H. , Hecker E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFrom the roots of Wikstroemia mekongenia W. W. Sm. two new isomeric diterpene esters, Wikstroemia factors M1 and M2, were isolated. They are polyfunctional 9,13,14‐orthobenzoates of the daphnane type 3‐deoxo‐1, 2α‐dihydro‐3β,5β‐dihydroxyresiniferonol‐6α,7α‐oxide carrying 3‐O‐(2,4‐decadienoyl) residues. The latter acyl groups are geometrically isomeric in M1 and M2. M1 and M2 are highly active as irritants on the mouse ear.
An extract from Spirulina platensis is a selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 penetration into HeLa cells
Authors: Hayashi K. , Hayashi T. , Morita N. , Kojima Ichiro 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe water‐soluble extract of Spirulina platensis achieved a dose‐dependent inhibition of the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) in HeLa cells within the concentration range of 0.08–50 mg/mL. This extract proved to have no virucidal activity and did not interfere with adsorption to host cells. However, the extract affected viral penetration in a dose‐dependent manner. At 1 mg/mL the extract was found to inhibit virus‐specific protein synthesis without suppressing host cell protein synthesis if added to the cells 3 h before infection. In an in vivo experiment food containing the extract effectively prolonged the survival time of infected hamsters at doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg per day.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of different samples of Thymus baeticus boiss
Authors: Cruz T. , Cabo M. M. , Castillo M. J. , Jimenez J. , Ruiz C. , Ramos‐Cormenzana A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGas chromatography was used to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of female and hermaphrodite Thymus baeticus Boiss. collected in Ugijar (province of Granada, Spain). The results were compared with the chemical composition of other samples of the same species, collected in Lanjarón. These comparisons showed some qualitative differences, and more obvious quantitative differences, in the compositions of the essential oils. We also investigated the antimicrobial activity of all samples. This activity, although marked in all samples, was greater in essential oils containing larger amounts of geraniol.
Liver protecting and lipid lowering effects of Sempervivum tectorum extract in the rat
Authors: Blázovics A. , Fehér J. , Fehér E. , Kéry A. , Petri G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLiver protecting, lipid level lowering and HDL‐cholesterol enhancing activities of a lyophilized extract of Sempervivum tectorum L. were examined in experimental hyperlipidaemia, in the pathomechanism of steatotic liver of rats. Diffuse hepatocellular degeneration caused by a fat rich diet was improved after treatment with this extract.
Activation of peritoneal macrophages by mangiferin, a naturally occurring xanthone
Authors: Guha S. , Chattopadhyay U. , Ghosal S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMangiferin, a C‐glucosylxanthone (1,3,6,7‐tetrahydroxyxanthone‐C2‐β‐D‐glucoside), isolated from several plant sources, was shown to be effective in activating murine peritoneal macrophages. It acted as a strong inducing agent with a peak elicitation response at 48 h interval of treatment (10 μg mangiferin/g body weight, g b.w). The mangiferin‐elicited, as well as in vitro mangiferin‐treated, macrophages showed increased lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase activity and enhanced cytotoxicity, and phagocytosis against ascitic fibrosarcoma (AFS) cells. The augmented tumour killing activities were associated with enhanced tumour target binding by the macrophages. However, the in vivo effect of mangiferin in activating macrophages was of short duration.
Specific stimulation of human endothelial cells by Triticum vulgare extract and its biologically active fraction
Authors: Vanden Berghe D. A. , Yang Q. R. , Totté J. , Vlietinck A. J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of an active fraction, prepared by bioassay‐guided isolation from the aqueous extract derived from Triticum vulgare, the common wheat plant, on cell stimulation and DNA‐synthesis of different cell lines was investigated. This active fraction contained one or more non‐proteinous small molecules, which stimulate the growth of human endothelial cells and/or interfere with the incorporation of thymidine in DNA without affecting growth stimulation. They also enhanced the growth and DNA synthesis of fetal bovine aortic endothelial and baby hamster kidney cells clone 21, but not that of human retinal pigment epithelial cells and human fibroblasts.
Effect of Saussurea lappa alcoholic extract on different endocrine glands in relation to glucose metabolism in the rat
Authors: Chaturvedi P. , Tripathi P. , Pandey S. , Singh U. , Tripathi Y. B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this report the alcoholic extract of the root of Saussurea lappa C. B. Clarke (Compositae) has been used on albino rats to investigate the response on the histology of the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas and liver. Its effect on liver glycogen, blood glucose and plasma insulin has also been investigated. Treatment up to 7 days shows a significant hypoglycaemic response without an increase in plasma insulin. The acute response shows the accumulation of glycogen in the liver followed by its depletion. The histology of the thyroid shows stimulation. Liver sections do not show any toxic effects up to 400 mg/kg body weight. No change was observed in sections of adrenal gland and pancreas.
The effect of autoxidation of lemon‐grass oil on its antibacterial activity
Authors: Orafidiya Lara O. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of autoxidation of lemon‐grass oil on its antibacterial activity has been studied. Using the Active Oxygen method, the oil was found to undergo rapid oxidation under accelerated test conditions. The oxidized oil samples were found to have reduced activity against bacteria. This activity was completely lost in extensively oxidized oil samples. Inclusion of antioxidants in the oil samples reduced the rate of oxidation and enhanced the antibacterial activity of the oil. The effects of the antioxidants were concentration dependent, and at their effective concentrations, oxidation was completely prevented for the period of the test.
Effects of flavonoids isolated from licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.) On degranulation in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils
Authors: Kimura Yoshiyuki , Okuda Takuo , Okuda Hiromichi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of chalcones and flavanone isolated from licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat.) on human polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) degranulation were investigated. Licochalcone A (2‐methoxy‐4,4′‐dihydroxy‐5‐α,α‐dimethylallylchalcone) and licochalcone B (2‐methoxy 3,4,4′‐trihydroxychalcone), at concentrations of 10−6M to 10−3M, inhibited calcium ionophore A 23187 (A 23187)‐, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) plus cytochalasin B (cyto B)‐, platelet activating factor (PAF) plus cyto B‐ and N‐formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (fMLP) plus cyto B‐induced lysosomal enzyme release from human PMNs. Isoliquiritigenin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin and liquiritin had no effects on PMN degranulation induced by various stimuli. In addition, licochalcones A and B, at high concentrations (10−4M–10−3M), increased cyclic AMP in human PMNs. Furthermore, licochalcones A and B, at concentrations of 10−6M to 10−3M, reduced the elevation of cytosolic free calcium concentration induced by calcium ionophore ionomycine (ionomycine), fMLP, PAF and LTB4.
Analgesic and anti‐inflammatory activities of the crude hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the bark of Hymenaea martiana
Authors: Neves Maria C. A. , Neves Paulo C. A. , Zanini José C. , Medeiros Yara S. , Yunes Rosendo A. , Calixto Joäo B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractExperiments were designed to examine the analgesic and anti‐inflammatory activities of the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CE) of Hymenaea martiana. The CE of H. martiana (25‐200 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a graded inhibition of hindpaw oedema induced by carrageenan, PAF‐acether (PAF), serotonin (5‐HT), dextran and histamine (HIS). However, the CE given orally up to 500 mg/kg had no effect on the agonist‐induced hindpaw oedema. The CE given intraperitoneally, but not orally, caused a graded and pronounced inhibition of His, 5‐HT, bradykinin (BK) and PAF‐induced increase of vascular permeability. When the CE was given orally (300 mg/kg) once a day for 15 days it caused a significant increase of agonist‐induced increase of vascular permeability. The CE given either by p.o. or by i.p. routes (100‐800 mg/kg) dose‐dependently inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)‐induced ear oedema in mice, being significantly more potent when it was given by the latter route. In contrast, CE at the same doses, failed to inhibit croton‐oil‐induced ear oedema in mice. The CE of H. martiana given by either i.p. or p.o. routes caused a marked and dose‐dependent antinociceptive activity as revealed by its antagonistic action against acetylcholine, acetic acid or AA‐induced writhing responses in mice, being more effective when given intraperitoneally. These results, and those previously reported with the CE of H. martiana in the isolated preparations, provide strong experimental support which argues in favour of the beneficial use of this plant extract in folk medicine. The exact mechanism that underlies its analgesic and anti‐inflammatory profiles remains unclear, but may result from its ability to inhibit the generation of lipoxygenase and/or cyclooxygenase products of the arachidonic acid pathway.
A clinical evaluation of the chinese herbal mixture ‘Aden‐I’ for treating respiratory infections
Authors: Houghton Peter J. , Boxu Zhou , Xisheng Zhao 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn intravenous injection of the Chinese herbal preparation Aden‐I, a mixture of aqueous extracts of Lonicera japonica flower buds and Forsythia suspensa fruits with the crude flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis, was tested in a group with severe respiratory disease. A comparable group were subjected to standard antibiotic therapy. The group treated with Aden‐I responded as well as the group on antibiotic therapy. Evidence is presented to show that ‘Aden‐I’ has both an antibacterial and antiviral effect.
An overview of Kampo medicine: Toki‐Shakuyaku‐San (TJ‐23)
Authors: Hagino Nobuyoshi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractToki‐Shakuyaku‐San (TJ‐23) is one of the most popular Kampo medicines in Japan and it is used for the treatment of ovarian dysfunction and menopausal syndrome in women. We have demonstrated that TJ‐23 has a neuroendocrine effect and facilitates hypothalamic‐controlled pituitary and ovarian functions. Furthermore, we have also observed that TJ‐23 has a stimulatory effect for the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, dopamine and norepinephrine by activating related enzymes in the brain. Furthermore, TJ‐23 increases the synthesis of nicotine acetylcholine receptors in the brain. Administration of TJ‐23 facilitates memory related behaviour in experimental animals. In addition TJ‐23 has a neuroprotective effect for neuron death. The clinical application of TJ‐23 in open trials for patients with Alzheimer's disease improved their memory related behaviour and intellectual function. Moreover, treatment with TJ‐23 provides motivation for daily life in Alzheimer‐type patients with dementia.Basic research and clinical trials suggest strongly that TJ‐23 has a therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer type.
Inhibitory effects of monomeric and dimeric phenylpropanoids from mace on lipid peroxidation In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Hattori Masao , Yang Xiu‐Wei , Miyashiro Hirotsugu , Namba Tsuneo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRepeated p.o. administration of myristicin and dehydrodiisoeugenol, monomeric and dimeric phenylpropanoids from mace, resulted in suppression of the lipid peroxidation in the liver of mice, which was induced by repeated i.p. injection of FeCl2–ascorbic acid–ADP. In addition, a slight decrease of SOD activity by treatment with FeCl2–ascorbic acid–ADP was recovered by administration of these compounds.Various constituents isolated from mace inhibited the lipid peroxidation in a rat liver homogenate, which was induced by FeCl2–ascorbic acid, CCl4–NADPH or ADP–NADPH. Of these compounds, 2,3‐dihydro‐7‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐2‐ (3,4‐methylenedioxyphenyl)‐5‐propenylbenzofuran, myristicanol‐B and 7‐hydroxymyristicin strongly inhibited the FeCl2–ascorbic acid‐induced lipid peroxidation by 70%–100% at 0.1–0.2 mM, and most of the constituents also strongly inhibited the ADP–NADPH‐induced lipid peroxidation at the same concentrations. On the other hand, these compounds weakly inhibited the CCl4–NADPH‐induced lipid peroxidation.On the basis of the above findings, myristicin and dehydrodiisoeugenol administered to mice may inhibit the lipid peroxidation in the liver possibly by scavenging free radicals or active oxygen species directly.
Effect of Shilajit on Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
Authors: Bhaumik Sraboni , Chattopadhyay Sukumar , Ghosal Shibnath 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of processed shilajit (SJ‐P) was evaluated on murine peritoneal macrophages and on the cohabiting fibroblasts. The study revealed a dynamic aspect of modulation of the peritoneal cells by SJ‐P (200–600 mcg/mouse), when administered intraperitoneally. The findings further suggested that by carefully determining the dose, SJ‐P can be used in wound healing and in related inflammatory disease states.
Antigastric ulcer effects in rats of Aloe arborescens Miller var. natalensis Berger extract
Authors: Teradaira R. , Shinzato M. , Beppu H. , Fujita K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe antigastric effects of Aloe arborescens Miller var. natalensis Berger extract with high molecular weight components ((A) MW over 5000 and (B) MW over 50 000)) were examined by changes of ulcer index with three different experimental models in rats. The suppressive effects were evaluated under (1) stress (immobilization in water) and (2) ligation of pylorus, and the healing effects were likewise examined with the (3) acetic acid test. Both fractions showed a slight suppressive effect on the stressed animals. However, in the groups with pylorus ligation, Aloe extract (A) significantly disclosed suppressive effects. Furthermore, the same Aloe fraction heated at 100°C for 15 min also demonstrated a significant effect on animals with pylorus ligation. Rats induced with acetic acid exhibited a significant healing effect. However, fraction (B) produced only a slight beneficial effect.These results suggest the existence of both suppressive and healing substances on gastric ulcer in the Aloe extract within the range of MW 5000–50 000. These effects were confirmed by micro‐ and macroscopic findings.
Antitrichomonal activity of matrine, an active substance from Sophora flavescens
Authors: Wang Hwang‐Huei , Cheng Juei‐Tang 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn an attempt to develop an antitrichomonal agent, the present study investigated the effect of matrine, one of the active principles isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait. (Leguminoae), on the pathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis in two model system. First, it reduced the cytotoxic effect of this parasite towards mammalian cells in culture: at concentration lower than 1 mM it prevented the decrease of rate astrocytic cells in mixed culture with trichomonads. Second, it delayed the development of subcutaneous abscesses due to this parasite infection. It cured the intravaginal infection of trichomonads in mice. However, the antitrichomonal action of matrine was observed only with a combined intravaginal suppository and subcutanmeous injection, and it failed to produce the same activity through oral administration. The results suggest a potential for matrine as an antitrichomonal drug.