bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of intermittent theta-burst stimulation attenuating nerve injury after ischemic reperfusion in rats through endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis
Authors: Shen Xin-Ya , Zhang Xing-Yu , Han Ping-Ping , Zhao Yi-Ning , Xu Guo-Hui , Bi Xia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) exerts neuroprotective effects early in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Intermittent theta-brust stimulation (iTBS), a more time-efficient modality of rTMS, improves the efficiency without at least decreasing the efficacy of the therapy. iTBS elevates cortical excitability, and in recent years it has become increasingly common to apply iTBS to patients in the early post-IS period. However, little is known about the neuroprotective mechanisms of iTBS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and ferroptosis have been shown to be involved in the development of I/R injury. We aimed to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms by which iTBS attenuates neurological injury after I/R in rats.

Methods
Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated group, MCAO/R group, and MCAO/R + iTBS group, and were stimulated with iTBS 36 h after undergoing middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or sham-operated. The expression of ERS, ferroptosis, and apoptosis-related markers was subsequently detected by western blot assays. We also investigated the mechanism by which iTBS attenuates nerve injury after ischemic reperfusion in rats by using the modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and the balance beam test to measure nerve function.

Results
iTBS performed early in I/R injury attenuated the levels of ERS, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, and improved neurological function, including mNSS and balance beam experiments. It is suggested that this mode of stimulation reduces the cost per treatment by several times without compromising the efficacy of the treatment and could be a practical and less costly intervention.
Simultaneous control of head pose and expressions in 3D facial keypoint-based GAN
Authors: Hatakeyama Tomoyuki , Furuta Ryosuke , Sato Yoichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, we present a novel method for simultaneously controlling the head pose and the facial expressions of a given input image using a 3D keypoint-based GAN. Existing methods for controlling head pose and expressions simultaneously are not suitable for real images, or they generate unnatural results because it is not trivial to capture head pose (large changes) and expressions (small changes) simultaneously. In this work, we achieve simultaneous control of head pose and facial expressions by introducing 3D facial keypoints for GAN-based facial image synthesis, unlike the existing 2D landmark-based approach. As a result, our method can handle both large variations due to different head poses and subtle variations due to changing facial expressions faithfully. Furthermore, our model takes audio input as an additional modality for further enhancing the quality of generated images. Our model was evaluated on the VoxCeleb2 dataset to demonstrate its state-of-the-art performance for both facial reenactment and facial image manipulation tasks, and our model tends not to be affected by the driving images.
Midline invasion predicts poor prognosis in diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant: an individual participant data review
Authors: Kegoya Yasuhito , Otani Yoshihiro , Inoue Yohei , Mizuta Ryo , Higaki Fumiyo , Washio Kana , Koizumi Shinichiro , Kurozumi Kazuhiko , Ishida Joji , Fujii Kentaro , Yamamoto Norio , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Date Isao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant (DHGs), is a newly categorized tumor in pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas, World Health Organization grade 4, with a poor prognosis. Although prognostic factors associated with genetic abnormalities have been reported, few reports have examined the clinical presentation of DHGs, especially from the viewpoint of imaging findings. In this study, we investigated the relationship between clinical factors, including imaging findings, and prognosis in patients with DHGs.

Methods
We searched Medline through the PubMed database using two search terms: “G34” and “glioma”, between 1 April 2012 and 1 July 2023. We retrieved articles that described imaging findings and overall survival (OS), and added one DHG case from our institution. We defined midline invasion (MI) as invasion to the contralateral cerebrum, brainstem, corpus callosum, thalamus, and basal ganglia on magnetic resonance imaging. The primary outcome was 12-month survival, estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves and logistic regression.

Results
A total of 96 patients were included in this study. The median age was 22 years, and the proportion of male patients was 48.4%. Lesions were most frequently located in the frontal lobe (52.6%). MI was positive in 39.6% of all patients. The median OS was 14.4 months. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that OS was significantly worse in the MI-positive group compared with the MI-negative group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that MI was an independent prognostic factor in DHGs.

Conclusions
In this study, MI-positive cases had a worse prognosis compared with MI-negative cases.

Previous presentations
No portion of this study has been presented or published previously.
Breaking Time Invariance: Assorted-Time Normalization for RNNs
Authors: Pospisil Cole , Zadorozhnyy Vasily , Ye Qiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMethods such as Layer Normalization (LN) and Batch Normalization have proven to be effective in improving the training of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs). However, existing methods normalize using only the instantaneous information at one particular time step, and the result of the normalization is a preactivation state with a time-independent distribution. This implementation fails to account for certain temporal differences inherent in the inputs and the architecture of RNNs. Since these networks share weights across time steps, it may also be desirable to account for the connections between time steps in the normalization scheme. In this paper, we propose a normalization method called Assorted-Time Normalization (ATN), which preserves information from multiple consecutive time steps and normalizes using them. This setup allows us to introduce longer time dependencies into the traditional normalization methods without introducing any new trainable parameters. We present theoretical derivations for the gradient propagation and prove the weight scaling invariance property. Our experiments applying ATN to LN demonstrate consistent improvement on various tasks, such as Adding, Copying, and Denoise Problems and Language Modeling Problems.
Power analyses for measurement model misspecification and response shift detection with structural equation modeling
Authors: Verdam M. G. E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Statistical power for response shift detection with structural equation modeling (SEM) is currently underreported. The present paper addresses this issue by providing worked-out examples and syntaxes of power calculations relevant for the statistical tests associated with the SEM approach for response shift detection.

Methods
Power calculations and related sample-size requirements are illustrated for two modelling goals: (1) to detect misspecification in the measurement model, and (2) to detect response shift. Power analyses for hypotheses regarding (exact) overall model fit and the presence of response shift are demonstrated in a step-by-step manner. The freely available and user-friendly R-package lavaan and shiny-app ‘power4SEM’ are used for the calculations.

Results
Using the SF-36 as an example, we illustrate the specification of null-hypothesis (H0) and alternative hypothesis (H1) models to calculate chi-square based power for the test on overall model fit, the omnibus test on response shift, and the specific test on response shift. For example, we show that a sample size of 506 is needed to reject an incorrectly specified measurement model, when the actual model has two-medium sized cross loadings. We also illustrate power calculation based on the RMSEA index for approximate fit, where H0 and H1 are defined in terms of RMSEA-values.

Conclusion
By providing accessible resources to perform power analyses and emphasizing the different power analyses associated with different modeling goals, we hope to facilitate the uptake of power analyses for response shift detection with SEM and thereby enhance the stringency of response shift research.
Analysis on open data as a foundation for data-driven research
Authors: Numajiri Honami , Hayashi Takayuki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOpen Data, one of the key elements of Open Science, serves as a foundation for “data-driven research” and has been promoted in many countries. However, the current status of the use of publicly available data consisting of Open Data in new research styles and the impact of such use remains unclear. Following a comparative analysis in terms of the coverage with the OpenAIRE Graph, we analyzed the Data Citation Index, a comprehensive collection of research datasets and repositories with information of citation from articles. The results reveal that different countries and disciplines tend to show different trends in Open Data. In recent years, the number of data sets in repositories where researchers publish their data, regardless of the discipline, has increased dramatically, and researchers are publishing more data. Furthermore, there are some disciplines where data citation rates are not high, but the databases used are diverse.
Non-reflective Propagation of Kink Waves in Magnetic-Flux Tubes in the Solar Atmosphere
Authors: Ruderman M. S. , Petrukhin N. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study the non-reflective propagation of kink waves in inhomogeneous magnetic-flux tubes. We use the thin-tube and zero-beta plasma approximations. The wave equation with the variable velocity is reduced to the Euler–Poisson–Darboux equation. This equation contains one dimensionless parameter. There are two infinite sequences of this parameter, one monotonically increasing and the other monotonically decreasing, when exact analytical solutions for the Euler–Poisson–Darboux equation can be obtained. For the monotonically increasing sequences the Euler–Poisson–Darboux equation becomes the equation describing spherically symmetric waves in multi-dimensional spaces. The general results are applied to kink-wave propagation in coronal magnetic loops. We consider a coronal magnetic loop of a half-circular shape. We find that for a fixed loop height there is a one-parametric family of dependences of the loop cross-sectional radius on the coordinate along the loop corresponding to the non-reflective kink-wave propagation.
Urban sound classification using neural networks on embedded FPGAs
Authors: Belloch Jose A. , Coronado Raul , Valls Oscar , del Amor Rocío , Leon German , Naranjo Valery , Dolz Manuel F. , Amor-Martin Adrian , Piñero Gema 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSound classification using neural networks has recently produced very accurate results. A large number of different applications use this type of sound classifiers such as controlling and monitoring the type of activity in a city or identifying different types of animals in natural environments. While traditional acoustic processing applications have been developed on high-performance computing platforms equipped with expensive multi-channel audio interfaces, the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm requires the use of more flexible and energy-efficient systems. Although software-based platforms exist for implementing general-purpose neural networks, they are not optimized for sound classification, wasting energy and computational resources. In this work, we have used FPGAs to develop an ad hoc system where only the hardware needed for our application is synthesized, resulting in faster and more energy-efficient circuits. The results show that our developments are accelerated by a factor of 35 compared to a software-based implementation on a Raspberry Pi.
Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study on Atomic-Scale Adhesive Wear Mechanisms of Single Crystalline Body-Centered Cubic Iron
Authors: Ootani Yusuke , Tsuchiko Masaki , Kawaura Masayuki , Yokoi Mizuho , Chen Qian , Asano Yuta , Ozawa Nobuki , Kubo Momoji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe adhesive wear of steel is a crucial issue in many industrial fields because it can lead to serious machine failure. However, the adhesive wear mechanism is still under debate owing to its complexity. Therefore, in this work, we performed reactive molecular dynamics-based sliding simulations of single crystalline body-centered cubic iron and investigated the fundamental atomic-scale adhesive wear mechanism for improving the wear resistance of steel. The effects of surface orientation, sliding direction, and humid atmosphere on the adhesive wear property were analyzed. In the sliding simulation, we observed two adhesive wear types. One is the wear accompanying surface deformation, in which the surface asperities gradually deform by slip and adhere severely. The other is the wear accompanying surface fracture with crack generation. The former can lead to seizures, whereas the latter can lead to wear debris formation. We propose that the rubbing surface orientation and sliding direction alter the atomic-scale adhesive wear type. Wear with surface deformation occurred when the deformation by slip was favorable, whereas wear with surface fracture occurred when slip was not favorable. Understanding the adhesive wear mechanism of iron in humid atmospheres is also important in many industrial fields. When water molecules were present at the sliding interface, both types of adhesive wear were suppressed. At the sliding interface, Fe–OH and Fe–O–Fe groups were formed on the scars through the tribochemical reaction with water. These groups passivated the nascent Fe surfaces and suppressed adhesion to the counter surface, thereby reducing adhesive wear. Therefore, we conclude that the surface orientation and sliding direction determine the atomic-scale adhesive wear type, whereas a humid atmosphere affects the wear amount at the atomic scale.
Anaplasma capra: a new emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen
Authors: Altay Kursat , Erol Ufuk , Sahin Omer Faruk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe genus Anaplasma includes A. marginale, A. centrale, A. bovis, A. ovis, A. platys, and A. phagocytophilum transmitted by ticks, some of which are zoonotic and cause anaplasmosis in humans and animals. In 2012, a new species was discovered in goats in China. In 2015, the same agent was detected in humans in China, and it was provisionally named Anaplasma capra, referring to 2012. The studies conducted to date have revealed the existence of A. capra in humans, domestic animals, wild animals, and ticks from three different continents (Asia, Europe, and Africa). Phylogenetic analyses based on gltA and groEL sequences show that A. capra clearly includes two different genotypes (A. capra genotype-1 and A. capra genotype-2). Although A. capra human isolates are in the genotype-2 group, goat, sheep, and cattle isolates are in both groups, making it difficult to establish a host genotype-relationship. According to current data, it can be thought that human isolates are genotype-2 and while only genotype-1 is found in Europe, both genotypes are found in Asia. Anaplasma capra causes clinical disease in humans, but the situation is not yet sufficient to understand the zoonotic importance and pathogenicity in animals. In the present review, the history, hosts (vertebrates and ticks), molecular prevalence, pathogenic properties, and genetic diversity of A. capra were evaluated from a broad perspective.
Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacy of different inorganic and organic zinc forms against multidrug-resistant Escherichia, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas
Authors: Karahutová Lívia , Bujňáková Dobroslava 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn our study antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of 2 inorganics (Zn(II) sulphate monohydrate; Zn(II) sulphate heptahydrate) and 3 organic Zn(II) substances (Zn(II) chelate of protein hydrolysate: Zn-Bio; Zn(II) chelate of amino acid hydrate: Zn-AMK; Zn(II) chelate of glycine hydrate: Zn-Gly) were explored and compared against multidrug resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) using by the 96- wells microtiter plate-based resazurin and/or crystal violet assay. Our finding confirmed that Zn(II)-sulphates and Zn(II)-amino acid complexes exhibit dose and genus-based antibacterial and anti-biofilm potential. Organic compounds (Zn-AMK and Zn-Gly) were more effective against bacterial growth, except P. aeruginosa. Besides Zn-AMK, others organic and inorganic forms of Zn(II) caused predominantly statistically significant decrease of biofilm production in all of tested bacteria. Current data highlights that Zn(II) in various forms has a great potential to be developed as antibacterial and anti-biofilm agents.
An exploratory investigation of the CSF metabolic profile of HIV in a South African paediatric cohort using GCxGC-TOF/MS
Authors: Thirion Anicia , Loots Du Toit , Williams Monray E. , Solomons Regan , Mason Shayne 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroduction Because cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples are difficult to obtain for paediatric HIV, few studies have attempted to profile neurometabolic dysregulation.Aim and objectiveThe aim of this exploratory study was to profile the neurometabolic state of CSF from a South African paediatric cohort using GCxGC-TOF/MS. The study included 54 paediatric cases (< 12 years), 42 HIV-negative controls and 12 HIV-positive individuals.ResultsThe results revealed distinct metabolic alterations in the HIV-infected cohort. In the PLS-DA model, 18 metabolites significantly discriminated between HIV-infected and control groups. In addition, fold-change analysis, Mann–Whitney U tests, and effect size measurements verified these findings. Notably, lactose, myo-inositol, and glycerol, although not significant by p-value alone, demonstrated practical significance based on the effect size.ConclusionsThis study provided valuable insights on the impact of HIV on metabolic pathways, including damage to the gut and blood–brain barrier, disruption of bioenergetics processes, gliosis, and a potential marker for antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, the study recognized certain constraints, notably a limited sample size and the absence of a validation cohort. Despite these limitations, the rarity of the study’s focus on paediatric HIV research underscores the significance and unique contributions of its findings.
Aliphatic hydrocarbons in fin spines of adult sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) and their relationship with potentially toxic elements in the northern and southern regions of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Bakhshalizadeh Shima , Nasibulina Botagoz , Kurochkina Tatyana , Ali Attaala , Mora-Medina Rafael , Ayala-Soldado Nahúm 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCurrently, the pollution of the Caspian Sea by the oil industry is one of the highest problems in this area. Critically endangered species inhabit this sea, such as sturgeons, whose ecological value is incalculable. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the level of contamination of aliphatic hydrocarbons of petroleum and its relation with several toxic elements directly on sturgeons spines. A total of 40 adult starry sturgeons (Acipenser stellatus) were obtained within a repopulation programme in the northern and southern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea. The marginal pectoral fin was extracted from each fish to determine aliphatic hydrocarbons, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel, lead, and vanadium. Subsequently, the sturgeons were released. Clearly, the presence of hydrocarbons was evidenced in all the sampled areas finding higher concentrations in the northern areas (N1 = 1.35 ± 0.4; N2 = 1.65 ± 0.46; N3 = 1.27 ± 0.40; S1 = 0.61 ± 0.22; S2 = 0.85 ± 0.43 mg/kg). Furthermore, to a greater or lesser extent, some toxic elements, mainly Hg and As, have been linked to aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Paeoniflorin attenuates cuproptosis and ameliorates left ventricular remodeling after AMI in hypobaric hypoxia environments
Authors: Fang Xin , Ji Yaoxuan , Li Shuang , Wang Lei , He Bo , li Bo , Liang Boshen , Yin Hongke , Chen Haotian , Dingda Duojie , Wu Bing , Gao Fabao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the cardioprotective effects of Paeoniflorin (PF) on left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) under conditions of hypobaric hypoxia. Left ventricular remodeling post-AMI plays a pivotal role in exacerbating heart failure, especially at high altitudes. Using a rat model of AMI, the study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of PF under hypobaric hypoxia. Ninety male rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated controls under normoxia/hypobaria, an AMI model group, and a PF treatment group. PF was administered for 4 weeks after AMI induction. Left ventricular function was assessed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Biochemical assays of cuproptosis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis were performed. Results demonstrated PF significantly improved left ventricular function and remodeling after AMI under hypobaric hypoxia. Mechanistically, PF decreased FDX1/DLAT expression and serum copper while increasing pyruvate. It also attenuated apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, NLRP3, and oxidative stress markers. Thus, PF exhibits therapeutic potential for left ventricular remodeling post-AMI at high altitude by inhibiting cuproptosis, inflammation, apoptosis and fibrosis. Further studies are warranted to optimize dosage and duration and elucidate PF’s mechanisms of action.
Die Grenzen des Sagbaren
Authors: Niehr Thomas 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den im öffentlichen Diskurs oftmals kritisierten Grenzen des Sagbaren, die als Einschränkung der grundgesetzlich garantieren Meinungsfreiheit gesehen werden. Es wird die Auffassung vertreten, dass Meinungsfreiheit nicht mit dem Recht auf Äußerung jeglicher Meinungen verwechselt werden darf. Abgesehen von rechtlichen Bestimmungen wird auf gesellschaftliche Konventionen verwiesen, die ebenfalls eine wichtige Rolle dabei spielen, was als sagbar bzw. unsagbar in einer Gesellschaft gilt. Die Klage über Einschränkungen der Meinungsfreiheit geht häufig mit dem politisch motivierten Bestreben einher, sprachliche Konventionen in Bezug auf Minderheiten und die brisanten Themen Migration sowie Vergangenheitsbewältigung zu unterlaufen.