bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of help‐seeking behaviour in subjects with subjective memory complaints at a memory clinic: a case‐control study
Authors: Ramakers Inez H. G. B. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Bittermann Arnold J. N. , Ponds Rudolf W. H. M. , van Boxtel Martin P. J. , Verhey Frans R. J. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractObjectiveMemory complaints in the absence of objective test impairments are common. Only a subset of these subjects seeks medical attention for these complaints. The aim of the present study was to investigate which factors determine why people with subjective memory complaints (SMC) seek medical attention.MethodsThirty‐three cases with SMC from a memory clinic were compared to 85 control subjects with SMC from a population‐based study who did not seek help for their complaints. We investigated whether cases differed from controls with respect to the following: depressive and anxiety symptoms (SCL‐90), extraversion and neuroticism (EPQ), meta‐memory (MIA), quality of life (SF‐36), changes in memory and daily functioning according to a relative (DECO), life‐changing events, and a family history of dementia.ResultsCases with SMC who seek medical attention, scored lower on memory self‐efficacy and quality of life. They were more often worried due to a positive family history of dementia by comparison to the control subjects. Relatives of cases reported more deterioration in daily functioning than relatives of controls. Both the cases and control subjects had similar levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as levels of extraversion and neuroticism.ConclusionLower memory self‐efficacy and quality of life, deterioration in daily functioning, and worries due to a positive family history for dementia are factors that determine why subjects with SMC seek medical attention. This information may be useful for the development of interventions for these subjects. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selenoprotein P expression is controlled through interaction of the coactivator PGC-1α with FoxO1a and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α transcription factors
Authors: Speckmann Bodo , Walter Philippe L. , Alili Lirija , Reinehr Roland , Sies Helmut , Klotz Lars-Oliver , Steinbrenner Holger 
Published: July 2008

Abstract

Selenoprotein P (SeP), the major selenoprotein in plasma, is produced mainly by the liver, although SeP expression is detected in many organs. Recently, we reported stimulation of SeP promoter activity by the forkhead box transcription factor FoxO1a in hepatoma cells and its attenuation by insulin. Here, we demonstrate that this translates into fine-tuning of SeP production and secretion by insulin. Overexpression of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) enhanced the stimulatory effect of FoxO1a on SeP promoter activity. We identified a novel functional binding site for hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α, termed hepatocyte nuclear factor binding element 1, in the human SeP promoter directly upstream of the FoxO-responsive element daf16-binding element 2 (DBE2). Point mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor binding element 1 alone or together with DBE2 decreased basal activity and responsiveness of the SeP promoter to PGC-1α. Moreover, the PGC-1α-inducing glucocorticoid dexamethasone strongly enhanced SeP messenger RNA levels and protein secretion in cultured rat hepatocytes, whereas insulin suppressed the stimulation of both PGC-1α and SeP caused by dexamethasone treatment. In a brain-derived neuroblastoma cell line with low basal SeP expression, SeP transcription was stimulated by PGC-1α together with FoxO1a, and overexpression of HNF-4α potentiated this effect.

Conclusion:

High-level expression of SeP in liver is ensured by concerted action of the coactivator PGC-1α and the transcription factors FoxO1a and HNF-4α. Hence, the production of SeP is regulated similarly to that of the gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. As hepatic SeP production is crucial for selenium distribution throughout the body, the present study establishes PGC-1α as a key regulator of selenium homeostasis. (Hepatology 2008;48:1998-2006.)
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells depend on mannose receptor-mediated recruitment of lysosomal enzymes for normal degradation capacity
Authors: Elvevold Kjetil , Simon-Santamaria Jaione , Hasvold Hege , McCourt Peter , Smedsrφd Bård , Sφrensen Karen Kristine 
Published: July 2008

Abstract

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are largely responsible for the removal of circulating lysosomal enzymes (LE) via mannose receptor (MR)-mediated endocytosis. We hypothesized that LSECs rely on this uptake to maintain their extraordinarily high degradation capacity for other endocytosed material. Circulatory half-life studies of 125I-cathepsin-D in MR knockout (MR−/−) and wild-type mice, and endocytosis studies in LSEC cultures, showed a total dependence on the MR for effective clearance of cathepsin-D. Radioiodinated formaldehyde-treated serum albumin, a ligand for the LSEC scavenger receptors, was used to study catabolism of endocytosed material in MR−/− and wild-type mice. The plasma clearance, liver uptake, and the starting point for release of degradation products to blood, were similar in both experimental groups, indicating normal endocytosis and intracellular transport of scavenger receptor ligands in MR−/− mice. However, the rate of formaldehyde-treated serum albumin catabolism in the liver of the MR deficient animals was reduced to approximately 50% of wild-type values. A similar reduction in intracellular degradation was recorded in LSEC cultures from MR−/− mice compared to wild-type controls. In accordance with this, MR−/− LSECs had markedly and significantly reduced enzyme activities for four out of five LE tested, i.e., cathepsin-D, α-mannosidase, β-hexosaminidase and arylsulfatase, but not acid phosphatase, compared to wild-type controls. Immunoblot analysis showed that the content of pro-cathepsin-D relative to total cathepsin-D in wild-type LSECs was less than one-fifth of that in hepatocytes, indicating lower endogenous LE production in the LSECs.

Conclusion:

We show for the first time that LSEC depend on MR-mediated recruitment of LE from their surroundings for effective catabolism of endocytosed macromolecules. (Hepatology 2008;48:2007–2015.)
Rationale for folate receptor alpha targeted therapy in “high risk” endometrial carcinomas
Authors: Brown Jones Monica , Neuper Christina , Clayton Amy , Mariani Andrea , Konecny Gottfried , Thomas M. Bijoy , Keeney Gary , Hartmann Lynn , Podratz Karl C. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAdvanced and recurrent endometrial cancers account for the majority of deaths from this disease with limited therapeutic options. High grade, and nonendometrioid histology, pathologically characterize the endometrial tumors associated with adverse outcome and are classified as “high risk”. The identification of molecular prognostic factors that might be targeted for therapy among “high risk” endometrial cancers is an active area of investigation. We hypothesize that the FRα, highly expressed in endometrial cancer cells, is a potential target for this disease. Our objectives were to determine if FRα overexpression is associated with adverse prognostic factors and worse outcome. Three hundred and thirty‐two endometrial cancer cores were arrayed onto a tissue microarray and stained using a FRα‐specific monoclonal antibody. Staining was scored as absent or weak and moderate or strong. Forty‐one percent of 310 evaluable cases stained moderate/strong. Moderate/strong FRα staining was significantly associated with other poor prognostic factors including: advanced stage, nonendometrioid histology and high grade. An association was observed between moderate/strong FRα staining and recurrence (p < 0.0014). These findings support further exploring a role for FRα targeted approaches for therapy and diagnostics in endometrial cancer. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular characteristics and predictors of survival in patients with malignant neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Arnold Christian N. , Nagasaka Takeshi , Goel Ajay , Scharf Iris , Grabowski Patricia , Sosnowski Andrea , Schmitt‐Gräff Annette , Boland C. Richard , Arnold Rudolf , Blum Hubert E. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractTo better understand the molecular pathogenesis of neuroendocrine tumors (NET), we investigated the molecular and clinical characteristics of malignant poorly differentiated colorectal NET and compared these findings with sporadic CRC and well‐differentiated benign and malignant fore‐/midgut NET. Tumors were analyzed and correlated for microsatellite instability (MSI) and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). NET were scored for proliferation using Ki‐67. A total of 34 malignant poorly differentiated colorectal NET, 38 well‐differentiated benign and malignant fore‐/midgut‐NET and 150 sporadic colorectal cancers (CRC) with known MSI status were investigated. Among the sporadic CRC, CIMP was significantly correlated with MSI‐high (MSI‐H) (p < 0.001). Of the 34 colorectal NET, 0/1 of the MSI‐H, 3/5 (60%) of the MSI‐L and 13/19 (68%) of the MSS tumors were CIMP+ (p = 0.17). Of the fore‐/midgut‐NET, none was MSI‐H. 20/34 (59%) colorectal NET vs. 11/38 (29%) fore‐/midgut‐NET were CIMP+ (p = 0.01). The Ki‐67 index was significantly higher in poorly differentiated colorectal NET compared to the less malignant fore‐/midgut‐NET (p < 0.0001). Besides the location in the colon, Ki‐67 predicted poor outcome in NET (p < 0.0001). CIMP status did not affect survival. In NET, p16 methylation predicted a poor outcome (p = 0.0004). We conclude that molecular pathogenesis in sporadic CRC and poorly differentiated colorectal NET is different despite some similarities. Main differences between malignant well‐differentiated and poorly differentiated NET are the Ki‐67 proliferation rate and differential methylation in tumor‐associated genes. Predictors of a poor outcome in patients with NET are poor differentiation, a high Ki‐67 index and p16 methylation. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cancer testis antigen expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: New markers for early recurrence
Authors: Perez Daniel , Herrmann Thomas , Jungbluth Achim A. , Samartzis Pierre , Spagnoli Giulio , Demartines Nicolas , Clavien Pierre‐Alain , Marino Silvia , Seifert Burkhardt , Jaeger Dirk 
Published: July 2008

AbstractCancer testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in a variety of malignant tumors but not in any normal adult tissues except germ cells and occasionally placenta. Because of this tumor‐associated pattern of expression, CTAs are regarded as potential vaccine targets. The expression of CTAs in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) has not been analyzed systematically previously. The present study was performed to analyze the expression of CTA in GIST and to determine if CTA expression correlates with prognosis. Thirty‐five GIST patients were retrospectively analyzed for their expression of CTAs by immunohistochemistry using the followingmonoclonal antibodies (mAb/antigen): MA454/MAGE‐A1, M3H67/MAGE‐A3, 57B/MAGE‐A4, CT7‐33/MAGE‐C1 and E978/NY‐ESO‐1. Fourteen tumors (40%) expressed 1 or more of the 5 CTAs tested. Fourteen percent (n = 5/35) were positive for MAGE‐A1, MAGE‐A3 or MAGE‐A4, respectively. Twenty‐six percent (n = 9/35) stained positive for MAGE‐C1 and 20% (n = 7/35) for NY‐ESO‐1. A highly significant correlation between CTA expression and tumor recurrence risk was observed (71% vs. 29%; p = 0.027). In our study population, the high‐risk GIST expressed CTAs more frequently than low‐risk GIST (p = 0.012). High‐risk GISTs which stained positive for at least 1 CTA, recurred in 100% (n = 25) of the cases. This is the first study analyzing CTA expression in GIST and its prognostic value for recurrence. The CTA staining could add information to the individual patient prognosis and represent an interesting target for future treatment strategies. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytocompatibility of a free machining titanium alloy containing lanthanum
Authors: Feyerabend Frank , Siemers Carsten , Willumeit Regine , Rösler Joachim 
Published: July 2008

AbstractTitanium alloys like Ti6Al4V are widely used in medical engineering. However, the mechanical and chemical properties of titanium alloys lead to poor machinability, resulting in high production costs of medical products. To improve the machinability of Ti6Al4V, 0.9% of the rare earth element lanthanum (La) was added. The microstructure, the mechanical, and the corrosion properties were determined. Lanthanum containing alloys exhibited discrete particles of cubic lanthanum. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were slightly decreased but are still sufficient for many applications in the field of medical engineering. In vitro experiments with mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) and human bone‐derived cells (MG‐63, HBDC) were performed and revealed that macrophages showed a dose response below and above a LaCl3 concentration of 200 μM, while MG‐63 and HBDC tolerated three times higher concentrations without reduction of viability. The viability of cells cultured on disks of the materials showed no differences between the reference and the lanthanum containing alloy. We therefore propose that lanthanum containing alloy appears to be a good alternative for biomedical applications, where machining of parts is necessary. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Surfaces having dual fibrinolytic and protein resistant properties by immobilization of lysine on polyurethane through a PEG spacer
Authors: Chen Hong , Zhang Yanxia , Li Dan , Hu Xiaoyang , Wang Liang , McClung W. Glenn , Brash John L. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe objective of this work is to develop a blood contacting surface that possesses both resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption and clot lysing properties. Chemical modification of a polyurethane (PU) surface with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG); and lysine was used to create a plasminogen‐binding potentially fibrinolytic surface. The preparation involves modification of the PU surface with dihydroxy PEG, reaction of the unreacted distal OH with N,N′‐disuccinimidyl carbonate (DSC) to produce a PU‐PEG‐NHS surface, followed by conjugation of ε‐amino‐protected lysine (H‐Lys(t‐BOC)‐OH) by reaction of the α‐amino group with the NHS and deprotection. The result is a lysine‐derivatized surface in which the ε‐amino groups of the lysine are free to participate in binding plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator (t‐PA). Surfaces were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements. Protein adsorption experiments showed that nonspecific protein adsorption was greatly reduced on these surfaces and that they adsorbed significant quantities of plasminogen from plasma. After incubation with plasma and treatment with t‐PA the surfaces were able to dissolve nascent plasma clots formed around them. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Mono‐functional aminosilanes as primers for peptide functionalization
Authors: Pegg Elise C. , Walker Gavin S. , Scotchford Colin A. , Farrar David , Grant David 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWhen covalently attaching biomolecules to surfaces such as titanium, trifunctional silanes are commonly used as primers to produce surface amine groups. However, these primed surfaces are rarely uniform in structure due to networking of the silane. Mono‐functional aminosilanes may result in more uniform structures, although their long‐term stability and effect on osteoblast cell responses are possible issues for orthopedic applications. This study examines for the first time the optimization of peptide coupling to titanium using mono‐functional aminosilane reaction chemistry. The resultant surface topography, chemistry, and thicknesses were characterized showing improved surface uniformity compared with trifunctional silanized surfaces. The stability of the coatings was examined over a period of 8 days in environments of varying pH, temperature, and humidity. In addition, human osteosarcoma (HOS) cell adhesion and spreading on the samples was examined; adhesion was minimal on silanized surfaces, but after functionalization with cysteine the cell density was greater than the titanium control and showed no overall detrimental effect on initial cell responses. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009
Genetic characterization of captive Cuban crocodiles (Crocodylus rhombifer) and evidence of hybridization with the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus)
Authors: Weaver Jeremy P. , Rodriguez David , Venegas‐Anaya Miryam , Cedeño‐Vázquez José Rogelio , Forstner Michael R.J. , Densmore Llewellyn D. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThere is a surprising lack of genetic data for the Cuban crocodile (Crocodylus rhombifer), especially given its status as a critically endangered species. Samples from captive individuals were used to genetically characterize this species in comparison with other New World crocodilians. Partial mitochondrial sequence data were generated from cyt‐b (843 bp) and the tRNAPro‐ tRNAPhe‐D‐loop region (442 bp). Phylogenetic analyses were performed by generating maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian‐based topologies. In addition, in an effort to identify species‐specific alleles, ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were genotyped. Distance and model‐based clustering analyses were performed on microsatellite data, in addition to a model‐based assignment of hybrid types. Both mitochondrial and nuclear markers identified two distinct C. rhombifer genetic sub‐clades (α and β); and microsatellite analyses revealed that most admixed individuals were F2 hybrids between C. rhombifer‐α and the American crocodile (C. acutus). All individuals in the C. rhombifer‐β group were morphologically identified as C. acutus and formed a distinct genetic assemblage. J. Exp. Zool. 309A:649–660, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of endosomal escape peptides on in vitro gene delivery of polyethylene glycol‐based vehicles
Authors: Moore Nicole M. , Sheppard Clayton L. , Barbour Tiffany R. , Sakiyama‐Elbert Shelly E. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractBackgroundWith recent progress in gene therapy clinical trials, there is an even greater demand to advance the development of nonviral gene delivery vehicles. We have previously developed poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based vehicles with transfection efficiency similar to polyethyleneimine and low cytotoxicity. It was hypothesized that conjugating endosomal escape peptides (EEPs) to PEG‐based vehicles would further increase their transfection efficiency. The present study aimed to determine how two different EEPs, INF7 and H5WYG, which destabilize the endosomal membrane at different pHs, affect the efficiency of PEG‐based vehicles.MethodsINF7 and H5WYG were conjugated to PEG‐tetraacrylate (PEG‐TA) via a Michael‐type addition at the desired molar ratios. The pH‐dependent membrane lytic activity, transfection efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, and endosomal escape kinetic rate constants were determined.ResultsFusogenic peptides, INF7 and H5WYG, showed pH‐dependent membrane lytic activity when conjugated to PEG‐TA. The highest membrane lytic activity of PEG‐INF7 and PEG‐H5WYG conjugates occurred at pH 5 and 5.5, respectively. Coupling one INF7 peptide to PEG‐DNA binding peptide (DBP) vehicles increased the transfection efficiency ten‐fold and showed greater transfection efficiency than PEG‐DBP vehicles coupled with H5WYG peptide. Fitting a first‐order kinetic model to the average intracellular pH of the vehicle/DNA particles over time determined that coupling EEPs to PEG‐DBP vehicles increased the endosomal escape rate constant by two orders of magnitude.ConclusionsEndosomal escape is a key step in nonviral cellular trafficking and thus the transfection efficiency of nonviral vehicles can be increased by targeting release of DNA from the endosome with EEPs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization of a door seal structure of a microwave oven using a FDTD method
Authors: Rocha Ana Maria , Facão Margarida , Sousa João Pedro , Viegas António 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe optimum door seal configuration to prevent radiation leakage from a microwave oven is still a manufacturing concern. Here, we propose a numerical algorithm to simulate the radiation propagation along a door seal structure using the finite‐difference time domain method, which is used for a priori shielding efficiency tests. The results agree with experimental data. The critical dimensions of the choke structure were found and high shielding is anticipated for a simpler choke structure. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of the autumn Iberian precipitation from long‐term datasets: comparison between observed and hindcasted data
Authors: Valero F. , Martín M. L. , Sotillo M. G. , Morata A. , Luna M. Y. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe present paper is focused on the analysis of the characterization of the autumn precipitation regime over the Iberian Peninsula. To this aim, different long‐term, observed, hindcasted and reanalysed datasets are used to analyse the 41‐year (1961–2001) time period. A long‐term high‐resolution precipitation database, derived from more than 4000 in situ observational stations, is used to characterize the rainfall regime. This observational data, used as a reference, allows the verification of the realism of different existing long‐term hindcasted and reanalysed products. These verification and comparison exercises were carried out with the autumn monthly hindcasted data derived from the high‐resolution Mediterranean Hindcast of Dynamic Processes of the Ocean and Coastal Areas of Europe (HIPOCAS) database, as well as the NCEP and ERA global reanalysis data. The characterization of autumn Iberian rainfall is carried out, both in terms of spatial and time variability, by means of spatial distribution of different statistics and a principal component analysis (PCA), as well as through an analysis based on wavelet methodology. The statistical comparative analysis between the HIPOCAS and the observed precipitation data shows a noticeable agreement existing between both datasets, highlighting that the Mediterranean HIPOCAS hindcast database is a useful tool that is able to accurately reproduce and largely capture the main spatial and time features that regionally configure the Iberian rainfall regime along the studied 41‐year period. Moreover, it is verified that the hindcasted HIPOCAS data notably improves the characterization of the autumn Iberian precipitation provided by the aforementioned global reanalysis products, asserting that the HIPOCAS precipitation dataset can well be used in regional studies related to hydrometeorology, statistical downscaling and climate variability. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Raman spectroscopic study of the tellurite minerals: emmonsite Fe23+Te34+O9·2H2O and zemannite Mg0.5[Zn2+Fe3+(TeO3)3]4.5H2O
Authors: Frost Ray L. , Dickfos Marilla J. , Keeffe Eloise C. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractRaman spectroscopy has been used to study zemannite Mg0.5[Zn2+Fe3+(TeO3)3]4.5H2O and emmonsite Fe23+Te34+O9·2H2O. Raman bands for zemannite and emmonsite, observed at 740 and 650 cm−1 and at 764 and 788 cm−1, respectively, are attributed to the ν1 (TeO3)2− symmetric stretching mode. The splitting of the symmetric stretching mode for emmonsite is in harmony with the results of X‐ray crystallography which shows three non‐equivalent TeO3 units in the crystal structure. Two bands at 658 and 688 cm−1 are assigned to ν3 (TeO3)2− anti‐symmetric stretching modes. Raman bands observed at 372 and 408 cm−1 for zemannite and 397 and 414 cm−1 for emmonsite are attributed to the (TeO3)2−ν2(A1) bending mode. The two Raman bands at 400 and 440 cm−1 for emmonsite are ascribed to the ν4(E) bending modes, while the band at 326 cm−1 is due to the ν2(A1) bending vibration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.