bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanin variant P3S is associated with longevity in APOE4 carriers and resists APOE4‐induced brain pathology
Authors: Miller Brendan , Kim Su‐Jeong , Cao Kevin , Mehta Hemal H. , Thumaty Neehar , Kumagai Hiroshi , Iida Tomomitsu , McGill Cassandra , Pike Christian J. , Nurmakova Kamila , Levine Zachary A. , Sullivan Patrick M. , Yen Kelvin , Ertekin‐Taner Nilüfer , Atzmon Gil , Barzilai Nir , Cohen Pinchas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe APOE4 allele is recognized as a significant genetic risk factor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and influences longevity. Nonetheless, some APOE4 carriers exhibit resistance to AD even in advanced age. Humanin, a mitochondrial‐derived peptide comprising 24 amino acids, has variants linked to cognitive resilience and longevity. Our research uncovered a unique humanin variant, P3S, specifically enriched in centenarians with the APOE4 allele. Through in silico analyses and subsequent experimental validation, we demonstrated a strong affinity between humanin P3S and APOE4. Utilizing an APOE4‐centric mouse model of amyloidosis (APP/PS1/APOE4), we observed that humanin P3S significantly attenuated brain amyloid‐beta accumulation compared to the wild‐type humanin. Transcriptomic assessments of mice treated with humanin P3S highlighted its potential mechanism involving the enhancement of amyloid beta phagocytosis. Additionally, in vitro studies corroborated humanin P3S's efficacy in promoting amyloid‐beta clearance. Notably, in the temporal cortex of APOE4 carriers, humanin expression is correlated with genes associated with phagocytosis. Our findings suggest a role of the rare humanin variant P3S, especially prevalent among individuals of Ashkenazi descent, in mitigating amyloid beta pathology and facilitating phagocytosis in APOE4‐linked amyloidosis, underscoring its significance in longevity and cognitive health among APOE4 carriers.
Regional differences in fatal drug overdose deaths among Black and White individuals in the United States, 2012–2021
Authors: Jones Abenaa A. , Waghmare Shashim A. , Segel Joel E. , Harrison Eric D. , Apsley Hannah B. , Santos‐Lozada Alexis R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe current study examines regional differences in Black/White fatal drug overdoses.MethodsBlack/White overdose mortality data (2012–2021; N = 537,085) were retrieved from CDC WONDER. We used death counts and corresponding Census Bureau population estimates by the decedent's age and race/ethnicity to calculate mortality rate ratios.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021, there were 537,085 reported overdose deaths among White (85%) and Black (15%) individuals in the United States. In the South, Black individuals had lower fatal drug overdose deaths than their same‐aged White counterparts. In the Northeast, Midwest, and West regions, Black individuals had around 10%–60% lower likelihood of overdoses among younger ages (15–24, 25–34, 35–44) but about 60%–300% higher likelihood of overdoses among older adults (55–64). Increases in overdose deaths during the pandemic (2020–2021) led to changes in Black/White overdose death patterns, whereas Black individuals of all ages in the Midwest and West regions had approximately 15%–425% higher likelihood of fatal overdoses than their same‐aged White counterparts. Sex‐stratified analysis suggests that Black females in the South had overdose death rates around 50% lower than same‐aged White females, and overdose deaths were relatively equal for Black and White females in the Midwest—patterns not seen among males.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceThe findings indicate that the Black/White overdose mortality gap changed after the COVID‐19 pandemic across all regions and age cohorts, with state and regional variations in magnitude. Behavioral interventions and policies to curb drug overdose deaths among populations most impacted should consider regional, sex, and age‐related differences.
The endometrial transcriptome of infertile women with and without implantation failure
Authors: Bui Bich Ngoc , Kukushkina Viktorija , Meltsov Alvin , Olsen Catharina , van Hoogenhuijze Nienke , Altmäe Signe , Mol Femke , Teklenburg Gijs , de Bruin Jan‐Peter , Besselink Dagmar , Stevens Brentjens Linda , Obukhova Darina , Zamani Esteki Masoud , van Golde Ron , Romano Andrea , Laisk Triin , Steba Gaby , Mackens Shari , Salumets Andres , Broekmans Frank 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionImplantation failure after transferring morphologically “good‐quality” embryos in in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) may be explained by impaired endometrial receptivity. Analyzing the endometrial transcriptome analysis may reveal the underlying processes and could help in guiding prognosis and using targeted interventions for infertility. This exploratory study investigated whether the endometrial transcriptome profile was associated with short‐term or long‐term implantation outcomes (ie success or failure).Material and methodsMid‐luteal phase endometrial biopsies of 107 infertile women with one full failed IVF/ICSI cycle, obtained within an endometrial scratching trial, were subjected to RNA‐sequencing and differentially expressed genes analysis with covariate adjustment (age, body mass index, luteinizing hormone [LH]‐day). Endometrial transcriptomes were compared between implantation failure and success groups in the short term (after the second fresh IVF/ICSI cycle) and long term (including all fresh and frozen cycles within 12 months). The short‐term analysis included 85/107 women (33 ongoing pregnancy vs 52 no pregnancy), excluding 22/107 women. The long‐term analysis included 46/107 women (23 ‘fertile’ group, ie infertile women with a live birth after ≤3 embryos transferred vs 23 recurrent implantation failure group, ie no live birth after ≥3 good quality embryos transferred), excluding 61/107 women not fitting these categories. As both analyses drew from the same pool of 107 samples, there was some sample overlap. Additionally, cell type enrichment scores and endometrial receptivity were analyzed, and an endometrial development pseudo‐timeline was constructed to estimate transcriptomic deviations from the optimum receptivity day (LH + 7), denoted as ΔWOI (window of implantation).ResultsThere were no significantly differentially expressed genes between implantation failure and success groups in either the short‐term or long‐term analyses. Principal component analysis initially showed two clusters in the long‐term analysis, unrelated to clinical phenotype and no longer distinct following covariate adjustment. Cell type enrichment scores did not differ significantly between groups in both analyses. However, endometrial receptivity analysis demonstrated a potentially significant displacement of the WOI in the non‐pregnant group compared with the ongoing pregnant group in the short‐term analysis.ConclusionsNo distinct endometrial transcriptome profile was associated with either implantation failure or success in infertile women. However, there may be differences in the extent to which the WOI is displaced.
Management and outcomes of women with low fibrinogen concentration during pregnancy or immediately postpartum: A UK national population‐based cohort study
Authors: Diguisto Caroline , Baker Elfreda , Stanworth Simon , Collins Peter W. , Collis Rachel E. , Knight Marian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionPregnant women with a fibrinogen level <2 g/L represent a high‐risk group that is associated with severe postpartum hemorrhage and other complications. Women who would qualify for fibrinogen therapy are not yet identified.Material and methodsA population‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted using the UK Obstetric Surveillance System between November 2017 and October 2018 in any UK hospital with a consultant‐led maternity unit. Any woman pregnant or immediately postpartum with a fibrinogen <2 g/L was included. Our aims were to determine the incidence of fibrinogen <2 g/L in pregnancy, and to describe its causes, management and outcomes.ResultsOver the study period 124 women with fibrinogen <2 g/L were identified (1.7 per 10 000 maternities; 95% confidence interval 1.4–2.0 per 10 000 maternities). Less than 5% of cases of low fibrinogen were due to preexisting inherited dysfibrinogenemia or hypofibrinogenemia. Sixty percent of cases were due to postpartum hemorrhage caused by placental abruption, atony, or trauma. Amniotic fluid embolism and placental causes other than abruption (previa, accreta, retention) were associated with the highest estimated blood loss (median 4400 mL) and lowest levels of fibrinogen. Mortality was high with two maternal deaths due to massive postpartum hemorrhage, 27 stillbirths, and two neonatal deaths.ConclusionsFibrinogen <2 g/L often, but not exclusively, affected women with postpartum hemorrhage due to placental abruption, atony, or trauma. Other more rare and catastrophic obstetrical events such as amniotic fluid embolism and placenta accreta also led to low levels of fibrinogen. Maternal and perinatal mortality was extremely high in our cohort.
Gender, caste, and street vending in India: Towards an intersectional geography
Authors: Saxena Saanchi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThrough an analysis of the available literature on women street vendors in the Global South, and then specifically in India, this paper identifies several knowledge gaps and future directions for research. The paper makes three broad claims: (1) street vending spaces are fundamentally gendered spaces; (2) the intersectional identities and caste‐based locations of women street vendors shape their spatial experiences, material realities and access to power; and (3) gender and caste are co‐constituted categories that produce a spatiality unique to the Indian subcontinent. While the geographical approach towards street vending recognises the importance of space and considers vendors as spatial practitioners, vendors are often assumed to belong to a homogenous (male) category with differentials such as gender, race, age, ethnicity and caste invisibilised. This research gap is of even more critical importance in India where caste intersects with gender to produce space. Examining the literature on gender and street vending reveals three broad analytical themes—socio‐spatial disparities, politics of space, and strategies of control. What seems to be missing is a critical, qualitative focus on the experiences of women street vendors, the gendering of vending spaces, the recognition of caste as a dynamic factor, and a spatial analysis grounded in the Southern urban context. Ultimately, this paper makes the case for a situated and postcolonial feminist geography approach to street vending in India, and calls for an intersectional research agenda that is attentive to the co‐constitution of caste and gender in the production of urban space.
Dimetindene—Is the minimum toxic dose for children too strict?
Authors: Čečrle Michal , Pelclová Daniela , Tomáš Navrátil , Zacharov Sergej 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDimetindene is a sedating antihistamine indicated for the symptomatic treatment of allergic conditions. Dimetindene is marketed among others under the trade name Fenistil (oral solution). Toxicity data are limited, and there is no consensus on the dose at which children require hospitalization. Objective is to determine the potentially toxic dose in children. Data in children with age up to 15 years were obtained from hospital discharge reports. Of 139 paediatric hospital discharge reports, 23 cases (16.5%) were excluded because of uncertain ingestion. In 116 children (46 boys and 70 girls, mean age 2 years and 9 months ± 1 year and 1 month), the majority of children developed no symptoms (87 children, 75%, mean age 3 years±1 year) and the remaining 29 children (25%, mean age 2 years and 11 months ± 1 year and 3 months) developed only mild and spontaneously resolving symptoms of poisoning after a dose of 0.82 ± 0.32 mg/kg b.w. (range 0.26–1.82 mg/kg). In 98% of all cases, hospitalized children were observed for a maximum 24 h, and their condition did not require specific treatment. In conclusion, the prognosis for accidental dimetindene poisoning in children appears to be good and the minimum toxic dose has been determined to be 0.5 mg/kg b.w.
Artificial intelligence algorithm accurately assesses oestrogen receptor immunohistochemistry in metastatic breast cancer cytology specimens: A pilot study
Authors: Li Brenna C. , Hammond Scott , Parwani Anil V. , Shen Rulong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Visiopharm artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for oestrogen receptor (ER) immunohistochemistry (IHC) in whole slide images (WSIs) has been successfully validated in surgical pathology. This study aimed to assess its efficacy in cytology specimens.MethodsThe study cohort comprised 105 consecutive cytology specimens with metastatic breast carcinoma. ER IHC WSIs were seamlessly integrated into the Visiopharm platform from the Image Management System (IMS) during our routine digital workflow, and an AI algorithm was employed for analysis. ER AI scores were compared with pathologists' manual consensus scores. Optimization steps were implemented and evaluated to reduce discordance.ResultsThe overall concordance between pathologists' scores and AI scores was excellent (99/105, 94.3%). Six cases exhibited discordant results, including two false‐negative (FN) cases due to abundant histiocytes incorrectly counted as negatively stained tumour cells by AI, two FN cases owing to weak staining, and two false‐positive (FP) cases where pigmented macrophages were erroneously counted as positively stained tumour cells by AI. The Pearson correlation coefficient of ER‐positive percentages between pathologists' and AI scores was 0.8483. Optimization steps, such as lowering the cut‐off threshold and additional training using higher input magnification, significantly improved accuracy.ConclusionsThe automated ER AI algorithm demonstrated excellent concordance with pathologists' assessments and accurately differentiated ER‐positive from ER‐negative metastatic breast carcinoma cytology cases. However, precision in identifying tumour cells in cytology specimens requires further enhancement.
Enhancing patient outcomes: Integrating electronic cardiology consultation in primary care for cancer patients
Authors: Cinza‐Sanjurjo Sergio , Mazón‐Ramos Pilar , Rey‐Aldana Daniel , Garcia‐Vega David , Portela‐Romero Manuel , Rodríguez‐Mañero Moisés , Sestayo‐Fernández Manuela , Lage‐Fernández Ricardo , López‐López Rafael , González‐Juanatey José R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of cancer patients with concomitant cardiovascular (CV) disease is on the rise due to improved cancer prognoses. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of cancer patients referred to a cardiology department (CD) via primary care using e‐consultation.MethodsWe analysed data from cancer patients with prior referrals to a CD between 2010 and 2021 (n = 6889) and compared two care models: traditional in‐person consultations and e‐consultations. In e‐consultation model, cardiologists reviewed electronic health records (e‐consultation) to determine whether the demand could be addressed remotely or necessitated an in‐person consultation. We used an interrupted time series regression model to assess outcomes during the two periods: (1) time to cardiology consultation, (2) rates of all‐cause and CV related hospital admissions and (3) rates of all‐cause and CV‐related mortality within the first year after the initial consultation or e‐consultation at the CD.ResultsIntroduction of e‐consultation for cancer patients referred to cardiology care led to a 51.8% reduction (95%CI: 51.7%–51.9%) in waiting times. Furthermore, we observed decreased 1‐year incidence rates, with incidence rate ratios (iRRs) [IC95%] of .75 [.73–.77] for CV‐related hospitalizations, .43 [.42–.44] for all‐cause hospitalizations, and .87 [.86–.88] for all‐cause mortality.ConclusionsCompared to traditional in‐person consultations, an outpatient care program incorporating e‐consultation for cancer patients significantly reduced waiting times for cardiology care and demonstrated safety, associated with lower rates of hospital admissions.
Ex situ conservation of two rare oak species using microsatellite and SNP markers
Authors: Koontz Austin C. , Schumacher Emily K. , Spence Emma S. , Hoban Sean M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlant collections held by botanic gardens and arboreta are key components of ex situ conservation. Maintaining genetic diversity in such collections allows them to be used as resources for supplementing wild populations. However, most recommended minimum sample sizes for sufficient ex situ genetic diversity are based on microsatellite markers, and it remains unknown whether these sample sizes remain valid in light of more recently developed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. To address this knowledge gap, we examine how ex situ conservation status and sampling recommendations differ when derived from microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in garden and wild samples of two threatened oak species. For Quercus acerifolia, SNPs show lower ex situ representation of wild allelic diversity and slightly lower minimum sample size estimates than microsatellites, while results for each marker are largely similar for Q. boyntonii. The application of missing data filters tends to lead to higher ex situ representation, while the impact of different SNP calling approaches is dependent on the species being analyzed. Measures of population differentiation within species are broadly similar between markers, but larger numbers of SNP loci allow for greater resolution of population structure and clearer assignment of ex situ individuals to wild source populations. Our results offer guidance for future ex situ conservation assessments utilizing SNP data, such as the application of missing data filters and the usage of a reference genome, and illustrate that both microsatellites and SNPs remain viable options for botanic gardens and arboreta seeking to ensure the genetic diversity of their collections.
A retrospective analysis of 65 patients with acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau
Authors: Chularojanamontri Leena , Silpa‐Archa Narumol , Pattamadilok Bensachee , Julanon Narachai , Chuamanochan Mati , Pongcharoen Padcha , Lertphanichkul Chotinij , Asawanonda Pravit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere are limited data on acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH), particularly among Asian populations. The primary aim was to evaluate the clinical features of ACH and treatment approaches in a sizeable multicentre Asian cohort. We analysed data from adult patients diagnosed with ACH. Of 65 patients with ACH, seven patients had ACH with GPP. Females were more frequently affected in both conditions. Five (71.4%) developed GPP 5–33 years after ACH onset, while two (28.6%) developed GPP concurrently with ACH. The onset age for ACH with GPP (27.9 ± 13.6 years) was earlier than that of isolated ACH (39.8 ± 17.3 years). Metabolic comorbidities were common. ACH exhibited a chronic persistent course. Among systemic non‐biologics, acitretin was the most frequently prescribed, followed by ciclosporin and methotrexate. Acitretin and ciclosporin demonstrated similar marked response rates, which surpassed that of methotrexate. Regarding biologics, a marked response was more commonly observed with interleukin‐17 inhibitors than with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors. Females are predominant in both conditions. The onset age for ACH among Asian patients is earlier (late 30s) than that for Caucasian patients (late 40s). Interleukin‐17 inhibitors may be more effective than tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in managing ACH.
A case–control study to differentiate parents' personality traits on anorexia nervosa and affective disorders
Authors: Rodríguez‐Mondragón L. , Moreno‐Encinas A. , Graell M. , Román F. J. , Sepúlveda A. R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEating disorders (ED) and affective disorders (AD) in adolescent population and several investigations have pointed out that specific family dynamics play a major role in the onset, course, and maintenance of both disorders. The aim of this study was to extend the literature of this topic by exploring differences between parents' personality traits, coping strategies, and expressed emotion comparing groups of adolescents with different mental conditions (anorexia nervosa vs. affective disorder vs. control group) with a case–control study design. A total of 50 mothers and 50 fathers of 50 girls with anorexia nervosa (AN), 40 mothers and 40 fathers of 40 girls with affective disorder (AD), and 50 mothers and 50 fathers of 50 girls with no pathology that conformed the control group (CG) were measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the COPE Inventory, the Family Questionnaire (FQ), and psychopathology variables, anxiety, and depression. Both parents of girls with AN showed a significant difference in personality, coping strategies, and expressed emotion compared to both parents in the CG, while they presented more similarities to parents of girls in the AD group. Identifying personality traits, expressed emotion, coping strategies, and psychopathology of parents and their daughters will allow improvements in the interventions with the adolescents, parents, and families.