bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The MINDACT trial: The first prospective clinical validation of a genomic tool
Authors: Cardoso Fatima , Piccart-Gebhart Martine , Veer Laura Van't , Rutgers Emiel 
Published: October 2007

One of the main challenges in oncology today has become to distinguish accurately between those patients who need adjuvant treatment and those who do not. This, together with the identification of the best type of therapy for the individual patient and the development of drugs targeting specific characteristics of tumour cells, are the goals of treatment tailoring or personalized medicine.The MINDACT trial (Microarray In Node negative Disease may Avoid ChemoTherapy) was recently launched with the aim of prospectively validating the superior performance of a new prognostic RNA‐based tool – the Amsterdam 70‐gene profiler MammaPrint™, in order to implement its use in clinical practice later on. This manuscript shortly reviews the rational, design and logistics of MINDACT.
Man and machine: a miraculous partnership
Authors: Kam-mei Jacqueline Lam 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTIt was over 30 degrees centigrade on the 16th of June 2006, but hundreds of people from various backgrounds embraced the heat and patiently queued to enter the S. H. Ho Sports Hall at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST). Many had been waiting since early morning, because Professor Stephen Hawking – perhaps the best known and most influential living scientist – would be giving a lecture (‘The origin of the universe’) for the newly established Institute for Advanced Study. The IAS is dedicated to ‘the advancement of knowledge to meet the great challenges of the 21st century’, and will ‘bring together the world's most brilliant minds to drive cutting-edge discovery and scholarship for the betterment of mankind’ (IAS, 2006). The inaugural event was announced a month prior to the lecture and – despite its being broadcast live on both the TVB News Channel and Cable TV Live, as well as transmitted via an intranet relay to the seven other tertiary institutions in Hong Kong – the response for tickets was overwhelming.
English in Tamil: the language of advertising
Authors: Krishnasamy Kanthimathi 
Published: October 2007

ABSTRACTAdvertising has come a long way, from pedlars in the market square extolling their goods to glossy mags full of innuendo and making extensive use of verbal and non-verbal devices to attract consumers. In India, copywriters make extensive use of English words and phrases in advertisements in a variety of ways. This paper examines the use of English in television and print advertising in the Tamil language. A cursory examination of Tamil advertising shows that the language of advertising does not follow rigid rules: it makes optimal use of possible resources from a wide variety of styles.
Linear differential equations with coefficients in weighted Bergman and Hardy spaces
Authors: Heittokangas Janne , Korhonen Risto , Rättyä Jouni 
Published: October 2007

Complex linear differential equations of the form

(\dagger)

f

(
k
)

+

a

k
−
1

(
z
)

f

(
k
−
1
)

+
⋯
+

a
1

(
z
)

f
′

+

a
0

(
z
)
f
=
0

\begin{equation}\tag {\dagger } f^{(k)}+a_{k-1}(z)f^{(k-1)}+\cdots +a_1(z)f’+a_0(z)f=0 \end{equation}

with coefficients in weighted Bergman or Hardy spaces are studied. It is shown, for example, that if the coefficient

a
j

(
z
)

a_j(z)

of

(
†
)

(\dagger )

belongs to the weighted Bergman space

A
α

1

k
−
j

A^\frac {1}{k-j}_\alpha

, where

α
≥
0

\alpha \ge 0

, for all

j
=
0
,
…
,
k
−
1

j=0,\ldots ,k-1

, then all solutions are of order of growth at most

α
\alpha

, measured according to the Nevanlinna characteristic. In the case when

α
=
0

\alpha =0

all solutions are shown to be not only of order of growth zero, but of bounded characteristic. Conversely, if all solutions are of order of growth at most

α
≥
0

\alpha \ge 0

, then the coefficient

a
j

(
z
)

a_j(z)

is shown to belong to

A
α

p
j

A^{p_j}_\alpha

for all

p
j

∈
(
0
,

1

k
−
j

)

p_j\in (0,\frac {1}{k-j})

and

j
=
0
,
…
,
k
−
1

j=0,\ldots ,k-1

. Analogous results, when the coefficients belong to certain weighted Hardy spaces, are obtained. The non-homogeneous equation associated to

(
†
)

(\dagger )

is also briefly discussed.
A Minkowski-style theorem for focal functions of compact convex reflectors
Authors: Oliker Vladimir 
Published: October 2007

This paper continues the study of a class of compact convex hypersurfaces in

R

n

,

n
≥
1
,

\mathbf {R}^n, ~n \geq 1,

which are boundaries of compact convex bodies obtained by taking the intersection of (solid) confocal paraboloids of revolution. Such hypersurfaces are called reflectors. In

R

3

\mathbb {R}^3

reflectors arise naturally in geometrical optics and are used in design of light reflectors and reflector antennas. They are also important in rendering problems in computer graphics. The notion of a focal function for reflectors plays a central role similar to that of the Minkowski support function for convex bodies. In this paper the basic question of when a given function is a focal function of a convex reflector is answered by establishing necessary and sufficient conditions. In addition, some smoothness properties of reflectors and of the associated directrix hypersurfaces are also etablished.
Stress reaction of the humerus in tennis players
Authors: Silva Rogerio Teixeira , Hartmann Luis Guilherme , de Souza Laurino Cristiano Frota 
Published: October 2007

Background:Overuse injuries are a frequent occurrence among competitive athletes. When analysing the incidence of overuse injuries in tennis players, it has been determined that a significant number of these injures occur in the upper limb area. In this study, we describe five cases of a stress-induced injury to the middle and distal humerus occurring mainly due to repetitive serving.Methods:Athletes studied were competitive tennis players and elite junior players, two of whom played at international level. Four of the five were male. In all cases, diagnosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging examination. The treatment of middle and distal humeral stress reactions consisted of physical therapy, which focused on analgesia and muscle strengthening. In addition, we analysed each tennis player’s strokes in order to identify modifications that would decrease the amount of stress that the upper limbs were subjected to during the service motion.Results:The players in our study missed on average 3 weeks of play and at follow-up after 1 year were able to play symptom free.Conclusions:Our study highlights the need for coaches, physicians and players to be aware of distal humeral pain and understand treatment options in order to prevent further injury, including stress fractures.
The continuing story of nutritional supplements and doping infractions: Table 1
Authors: de Hon Olivier , Coumans Bart 
Published: October 2007

Nutritional supplements can be a source of positive doping cases as some supplements contain prohibited substances without showing this on their label. This problem has existed for some time and has been extensively studied in the past 8 years. The sport of tennis has played a particular role in this problem because of some peculiar doping cases within its community.This article focuses on this particular doping problem, explaining the background and reviewing the available literature. It presents the first 3 years of experience within the Netherlands Security System Nutritional Supplements Elite Sports (“Nederlands Zekerheidssysteem Voedingssupplementen Topsport” or NZVT) and explains the most extensive system established to combat this particular doping problem.The NZVT experience has shown that paper-based quality systems are still prone to possible contaminations, which leads to the conclusion that the best possible solution for athletes who wish to use nutritional supplements must include laboratory-based analysis for doping substances, preferably repeated for every new batch. The most important educational message, however, is to use a nutritional supplement only if it is deemed of benefit by a nutritional expert.
Microbial sulfate reduction and metal attenuation in pH 4 acid mine water
Authors: Church Clinton D , Wilkin Richard T , Alpers Charles N , Rye Robert O , McCleskey R Blaine 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSediments recovered from the flooded mine workings of the Penn Mine, a Cu-Zn mine abandoned since the early 1960s, were cultured for anaerobic bacteria over a range of pH (4.0 to 7.5). The molecular biology of sediments and cultures was studied to determine whether sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were active in moderately acidic conditions present in the underground mine workings. Here we document multiple, independent analyses and show evidence that sulfate reduction and associated metal attenuation are occurring in the pH-4 mine environment. Water-chemistry analyses of the mine water reveal: (1) preferential complexation and precipitation by H2S of Cu and Cd, relative to Zn; (2) stable isotope ratios of 34S/32S and 18O/16O in dissolved SO4 that are 2–3 ‰ heavier in the mine water, relative to those in surface waters; (3) reduction/oxidation conditions and dissolved gas concentrations consistent with conditions to support anaerobic processes such as sulfate reduction. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of sediment show 1.5-micrometer, spherical ZnS precipitates. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of Penn Mine sediment show a high biomass level with a moderately diverse community structure composed primarily of iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Cultures of sediment from the mine produced dissolved sulfide at pH values near 7 and near 4, forming precipitates of either iron sulfide or elemental sulfur. DGGE coupled with sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA gene segments showed populations of Desulfosporosinus and Desulfitobacterium in Penn Mine sediment and laboratory cultures.
The transcription of MGAT4A glycosyl transferase is increased in white cells of peripheral blood of Type 2 Diabetes patients
Authors: López-Orduña Eduardo , Cruz Miguel , García-Mena Jaime 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
Human glycosylase IV is involved in GLUT2 transporter regulation in pancreatic β cells. A KO of this gene along with a high fat diet in a mice model has been associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of this study were to measure and compare the MGAT4A mRNA levels in white blood cells (WBC) from T2D subjects and healthy subjects (T2NB), and to measure the half-life of the MGAT4A mRNA.

Results
We studied a sample of 73 individuals, 40 T2D subjects and 33 T2NB subjects. Anthropometrical and biochemical profiles were registered. The MGAT4A mRNA levels in WBC and the transcript half-life in Jurkat T cells were determined by Real-Time PCR. A blood differential cell counting was made for each individual. Cell counting showed T2D subjects exhibited an increased number of WBC compared to T2NB subjects (P = 0.0001). Biochemical parameters such as fasting glucose (P = 0.0001), and triglycerides (P = 0.002) were statistically significant. T2D subjects had 4.2-fold more MGAT4A transcript compared to T2NB subjects (P = 0.002). The MGAT4A mRNA had a half-life of 2.04 h in Jurkat T cells.

Conclusion
The results of this work suggest that in T2D subjects, high levels of glucose and triglycerides are accompanied by an increase on MGAT4A mRNA levels and WBC count; condition that suggests a pro-inflammatory state due to a chronic metabolic stress.
Five distinct biological processes and 14 differentially expressed genes characterize TEL/AML1-positive leukemia
Authors: Gandemer Virginie , Rio Anne-Gaëlle , de Tayrac Marie , Sibut Vonnick , Mottier Stéphanie , Ly Sunnaram Béatrice , Henry Catherine , Monnier Annabelle , Berthou Christian , Le Gall Edouard , Le Treut André , Schmitt Claudine , Le Gall Jean-Yves , Mosser Jean , Galibert Marie-Dominique 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
The t(12;21)(p13;q22) translocation is found in 20 to 25% of cases of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This rearrangement results in the fusion of ETV6 (TEL) and RUNX1 (AML1) genes and defines a relatively uniform category, although only some patients suffer very late relapse. TEL/AML1-positive patients are thus an interesting subgroup to study, and such studies should elucidate the biological processes underlying TEL/AML1 pathogenesis. We report an analysis of gene expression in 60 children with B-lineage ALL using Agilent whole genome oligo-chips (44K-G4112A) and/or real time RT-PCR.

Results
We compared the leukemia cell gene expression profiles of 16 TEL/AML1-positive ALL patients to those of 44 TEL/AML1-negative patients, whose blast cells did not contain any additional recurrent translocation. Microarray analyses of 26 samples allowed the identification of genes differentially expressed between the TEL/AML1-positive and negative ALL groups. Gene enrichment analysis defined five enriched GO categories: cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell motility and response to wounding, associated with 14 genes -RUNX1, TCFL5, TNFRSF7, CBFA2T3, CD9, SCARB1, TP53INP1, ACVR1C, PIK3C3, EGFL7, SEMA6A, CTGF, LSP1, TFPI – highlighting the biology of the TEL/AML1 sub-group. These results were first confirmed by the analysis of an additional microarray data-set (7 patient samples) and second by real-time RT-PCR quantification and clustering using an independent set (27 patient samples). Over-expression of RUNX1 (AML1) was further investigated and in one third of the patients correlated with cytogenetic findings.

Conclusion
Gene expression analyses of leukemia cells from 60 children with TEL/AML1-positive and -negative B-lineage ALL led to the identification of five biological processes, associated with 14 validated genes characterizing and highlighting the biology of the TEL/AML1-positive ALL sub-group.
The hematopoietic factor GM-CSF (Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) promotes neuronal differentiation of adult neural stem cells in vitro
Authors: Krüger Carola , Laage Rico , Pitzer Claudia , Schäbitz Wolf-Rüdiger , Schneider Armin 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor involved in the generation of granulocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells from hematopoietic progenitor cells. We have recently demonstrated that GM-CSF has anti-apoptotic functions on neurons, and is neuroprotective in animal stroke models.

Results
The GM-CSF receptor α is expressed on adult neural stem cells in the rodent brain, and in culture. Addition of GM-CSF to NSCs in vitro increased neuronal differentiation in a dose-dependent manner as determined by quantitative PCR, reporter gene assays, and FACS analysis.

Conclusion
Similar to the hematopoietic factor Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), GM-CSF stimulates neuronal differentiation of adult NSCs. These data highlight the astonishingly similar functions of major hematopoietic factors in the brain, and raise the clinical attractiveness of GM-CSF as a novel drug for neurological disorders.
Nuclear localization and cytosolic overexpression of LASP-1 correlates with tumor size and nodal-positivity of human breast carcinoma
Authors: Grunewald Thomas GP , Kammerer Ulrike , Kapp Michaela , Eck Matthias , Dietl Johannes , Butt Elke , Honig Arnd 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP-1), initially identified from human breast cancer, is a specific focal adhesion protein involved in cell proliferation and migration, which was reported to be overexpressed in 8–12 % of human breast cancers and thought to be exclusively located in cytoplasm.

Methods
In the present work we analyzed the cellular and histological expression pattern of LASP-1 and its involvement in biological behavior of human breast cancer through correlation with standard clinicopathological parameters and expression of c-erbB2 (HER-2/neu), estrogen- (ER) and progesterone-receptors (PR). For this purpose immunohistochemical staining intensity and percentage of stained cells were semi-quantitatively rated to define a LASP-1 immunoreactive score (LASP-1-IRS). LASP-1-IRS was determined in 83 cases of invasive ductal breast carcinomas, 25 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) and 18 fibroadenomas. Cellular LASP-1 distribution and expression pattern was visualized by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy and assessed through separate Western blots of nuclear and cytosol preparations of BT-20, MCF-7, MDA-MB231, and ZR-75/1 breast cancer cells.

Results
Statistical analysis revealed that the resulting LASP-1-IRS was significantly higher in invasive carcinomas compared to fibroadenomas (p = 0.0176). Strong cytoplasmatic expression of LASP-1 was detected in 55.4 % of the invasive carcinomas, which correlated significantly with nuclear LASP-1-positivity (p = 0.0014), increased tumor size (p = 0.0159) and rate of nodal-positivity (p = 0.0066). However, levels of LASP-1 expression did not correlate with average age at time point of diagnosis, histological tumor grading, c-erbB2-, ER- or PR-expression.
Increased nuclear localization and cytosolic expression of LASP-1 was found in breast cancer with higher tumor stage as well as in rapidly proliferating epidermal basal cells. Confocal microscopy and separate Western blots of cytosolic and nuclear preparations confirmed nuclear localization of LASP-1.

Conclusion
The current data provide evidence that LASP-1 is not exclusively a cytosolic protein, but is also detectable within the nucleus. Increased expression of LASP-1 in vivo is present in breast carcinomas with higher tumor stage and therefore may be related with worse prognosis concerning patients' overall survival.
Antimalarial activity of the anticancer and proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and its analog ZL3B
Authors: Reynolds Jennifer M , El Bissati Kamal , Brandenburg Jens , Günzl Arthur , Mamoun Choukri Ben 
Published: October 2007

Abstract

Background
The high rate of mortality due to malaria and the worldwide distribution of parasite resistance to the commonly used antimalarial drugs chloroquine and pyrimethamine emphasize the urgent need for the development of new antimalarial drugs. An alternative approach to the long and uncertain process of designing and developing new compounds is to identify among the armamentarium of drugs already approved for clinical treatment of various human diseases those that may have strong antimalarial activity.

Methods
Proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade™: [(1R)-3-methyl-1-[[(2S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-[(pyrazinylcarbonyl) amino]propyl]amino]butyl] boronic acid), which has been approved for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, and a second boronate analog Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-B(OH)2 (ZL3B), were tested against four different strains of P. falciparum (3D7, HB3, W2 and Dd2) that are either sensitive or have different levels of resistance to the antimalarial drugs pyrimethamine and chloroquine.

Results
Bortezomib and ZL3B are equally effective against drug-sensitive and -resistant parasites and block intraerythrocytic development prior to DNA synthesis, but have no effect on parasite egress or invasion.

Conclusion
The identification of bortezomib and its analog as potent antimalarial drugs will set the stage for the advancement of this class of compounds, either alone or in combination therapy, for treatment of malaria, and emphasize the need for large-scale screens to identify new antimalarials within the library of clinically approved compounds.
Health service utilization patterns of primary care patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Rosemann Thomas , Joos Stefanie , Szecsenyi Joachim , Laux Gunter , Wensing Michel 
Published: October 2007

Abstract
Background
To assess factors associated with visits to GPs, orthopaedists, and non-physician practitioners of complementary medicine (alternative practitioners) by primary care patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods
Cross-sectional survey among 1250 consecutively addressed patients from 75 primary care practices in Germany. All patients suffered from OA of the knee or hip according to ACR criteria. They received questionnaires collecting sociodemographic data, data about health service utilisation, prescriptions, comorbidities. They also included established instruments as the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS2-SF) to assess disease-specific quality of life and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression. Hierarchical stepwise multiple linear regression models were used to reveal significant factors influencing health service utilization.

Results
1021 of 1250 (81.6%) questionnaires were returned. Nonrespondents did not differ from participants. Factors associated with health service use (HSU) varied between providers of care. Not being in a partnership, achieving a high score on the PHQ-9, increased pain severity reflected in the “symptom” scale of the AIMS2-SF, and an increased number of drug prescriptions predicted a high frequency of GP visits. The PHQ-9 score was also a predictor for visits to orthopaedists, as were previous GP contacts, a high score in the "symptom" scale as well as a high score in the "lower limb scale" of the AIMS2-SF. Regarding visits to alternative practitioners, a high score in the AIMS -"social" scale was a positive predictor as older people were less likely to visit them.

Conclusion
Our results emphasize the need for awareness of psychological factors contributing to the use of health care providers. Addressing the revealed factors associated with HSU appropriately may lead to decreased health care utilization. But further research is needed to assess how this can be done successfully.
Team climate, intention to leave and turnover among hospital employees: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Kivimäki Mika , Vanhala Anna , Pentti Jaana , Länsisalmi Hannakaisa , Virtanen Marianna , Elovainio Marko , Vahtera Jussi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBackgroundIn hospitals, the costs of employee turnover are substantial and intentions to leave among staff may manifest as lowered performance. We examined whether team climate, as indicated by clear and shared goals, participation, task orientation and support for innovation, predicts intention to leave the job and actual turnover among hospital employees.MethodsProspective study with baseline and follow-up surveys (2–4 years apart). The participants were 6,441 (785 men, 5,656 women) hospital employees under the age of 55 at the time of follow-up survey. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used as an analysis method to include both individual and work unit level predictors in the models.ResultsAmong stayers with no intention to leave at baseline, lower self-reported team climate predicted higher likelihood of having intentions to leave at follow-up (odds ratio per 1 standard deviation decrease in team climate was 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.4–1.8). Lower co-worker assessed team climate at follow-up was also association with such intentions (odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.4–2.4). Among all participants, the likelihood of actually quitting the job was higher for those with poor self-reported team climate at baseline. This association disappeared after adjustment for intention to leave at baseline suggesting that such intentions may explain the greater turnover rate among employees with low team climate.ConclusionImproving team climate may reduce intentions to leave and turnover among hospital employees.