bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannula to Femoral Artery Diameter Ratio Predicts Potential Lower-Limb Ischemia in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery With Femoral Cannulation
Authors: Nishijima Takuya , Ushijima Tomoki , Fuke Yoshifumi , Kan-o Meikun , Kimura Satoshi , Sonoda Hiromichi , Shiose Akira 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Lower-limb ischemia is a complication of minimally invasive cardiac surgery with femoral cannulation. Herein, we verified our strategy using distal perfusion cannulation (DPC) against this complication. Methods: We retrospectively assessed 91 cases of aortic valve replacement with femoral cannulation between January 2019 and March 2023. DPC was applied when lower-limb tissue oxygenation index declined by ≥20%. The cannula to femoral artery diameter ratio (C/FA) was calculated by dividing the cannula size (Fr) divided by 3 by the femoral artery inner diameter (mm). Postoperative maximum creatinine kinase (CKmax), lactate dehydrogenase (LDHmax), and lactate levels were analyzed, and univariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were employed to determine DPC predictors and the cutoff C/FA for DPC, respectively. Patients without DPC were divided into 2 subgroups based on the cutoff C/FA for further comparisons. Results: DPC was required in 9 patients. Symptomatic ischemia was not observed. All laboratory data were similar in the DPC and non-DPC groups. C/FA was significantly associated with DPC (odds ratio = 1.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.47, P = 0.002), and the cutoff C/FA was 0.70 (sensitivity = 0.89, specificity = 0.80). In the non-DPC group, CKmax ( P = 0.027) and LDHmax ( P = 0.041) were significantly higher in patients with C/FA ≥0.7 ( n = 16) than in those with C/FA <0.7 ( n = 66). Conclusions: Our strategy for preventing symptomatic ischemia is reasonable and could be almost achieved without DPC when C/FA is <0.7. C/FA also predicts asymptomatic potential ischemia, and proactive DPC is preferable when C/FA is ≥0.7.
The association between drugs and repeated treatment with budesonide in patients with microscopic colitis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Bjurström Oliver , Karling Pontus 
Published: March 2024

Background: Smoking and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and statins have been associated with microscopic colitis (MC). Objectives: We investigated whether these factors were associated with repeated budesonide treatments in patients diagnosed with MC. Design: Retrospective observational study. Methods: All patients with a histologically verified diagnosis of MC at our clinic between the years 2006 and 2022 were identified. Baseline factors and drugs prescribed before and after diagnosis were registered. The influence of risk factors on the odds of having a prescription of oral budesonide and the odds of having a second course of budesonide was studied. Results: Patients with MC ( n = 183) with a mean age of 62.3 years [standard deviation (SD): 13.3 years] were followed for a median of 5 years (25th–75th percentile 4–10 years) after diagnosis. In all, 138 patients (75%) had at least one prescription of budesonide after diagnosis, and 90 patients (49%) had at least one clinical relapse treated with budesonide. Patients who had been prescribed NSAIDs within 1 year before clinical relapse had higher odds for clinical relapse [odds ratio (OR): 3.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–12.9] but there was no increased risk for clinical relapse for the use of ASA (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.39–2.90), PPIs (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.45–2.63), SSRI (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.82–2.44), or statins (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.35–1.99). No association was seen between being a smoker and/or being prescribed NSAID, ASA, PPI, SSRI, and statins at baseline and the odds of having a prescription of oral budesonide within 1 year after diagnosis. Conclusion: The risk of being prescribed a second course of budesonide is associated with receiving a prescription of NSAIDs but not with the use of ASA, PPIs, SSRIs, and statins.
A prospective, randomized, blinded study on the efficacy of using corticosteroids in hydrodilatation as a treatment for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder
Authors: Gebellí-Jové Joan Tomàs , Buñuel-Viñau Antonio , Canela-Capdevila Marta , Camps Jordi , Sabench Fàtima , Iftimie-Iftimie Petrea 
Published: March 2024

Background This study aimed to compare hydrodilatation with or without corticosteroid administration on the outcomes of patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, blinded study of 82 patients with adhesive capsulitis treated with hydrodilatation with corticosteroids (HDC) or without corticosteroids (HDA). Assessments were performed at 48 h and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results Pain in HDC patients was significantly lower after 48 h of treatment than that of HDA, and the functional scales were better after the first month. These differences were maintained after 1 year. (visual analog scale: 0.8 vs. 1.6, p = 0.018; shoulder pain and disability index: 4.8 vs. 9.8, p = 0.003; simple shoulder test: 11.4 vs. 8.7, p = 0.008; subjective shoulder value: 96.6 vs. 90.1, p = 0.024). Conclusion We found that hydrodilatation with corticosteroids improved pain levels, shoulder function, and subjective perception of shoulder status compared to hydrodilatation without corticosteroids.
Advancing Diabetes Management: The Future of Enzyme-Less Nanoparticle-Based Glucose Sensors—A Review
Authors: Boucheta Hana , Zouaoui Emna , Ferkous Hana , Madaci Anis , Yadav Krishna Kumar , Benguerba Yacine 
Published: March 2024

Background: Glucose is vital for biological processes, requiring blood sugar levels to be maintained between 3.88 and 6.1 mmol/L, especially during fasting. Elevated levels signal diabetes, a global concern affecting 537 million people, necessitating effective glucose-monitoring devices. Method: Enzyme-based sensors, though selective, are sensitive to environmental factors. Nonenzymatic sensors, especially those with nanoparticles, offer stability, high surface area, and cost-effectiveness. Existing literature supports their immediate glucose oxidation, showcasing exceptional sensitivity. Results: This review details nonenzymatic sensors, highlighting materials, detection limits, and the promise of nanoparticle-based designs, which exhibit enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in glucose detection. Conclusion: Nanoparticle-based sensors, as reviewed, show potential for glucose monitoring, overcoming enzyme-based limitations. The conclusion suggests future directions for advancing these sensors, emphasizing ongoing innovation in this critical research area.
Low-Income, Poor Physical Health, Poor Mental Health, and Other Social Risk Factors Are Associated With Decreased Access to Care in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Boddu Sayi P. , Lin Eugenia , Gill Vikram S. , Hinckley Nathaniel B. , Lai Cara H. , Renfree Kevin J. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is associated with a significant personal and societal burden. Evaluating access to care can identify barriers, limitations, and disparities in the delivery of healthcare services in this population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate access to overall healthcare and healthcare utilization among patients with CTS. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted with the All of Us database. Patients diagnosed with CTS that completed the access to care survey were included and matched to a control group. The primary outcomes were access to care across 4 domains: (1) delayed care, (2) could not afford care, (3) skipped medications, and (4) over 1 year since seeing provider. Secondary analysis was then performed to identify patient-specific factors associated with reduced access to care. Results: In total, 7649 patients with CTS were included and control matched to 7649 patients without CTS. In the CTS group, 33.7% (n = 2577) had delayed care, 30.4% (n = 2323) could not afford care, 15.4% (n = 1180) skipped medications, and 1.6% (n = 123) had not seen a provider in more than 1 year. Within the CTS cohort, low-income, worse physical health, and worse mental health were associated with poor access to care. Conclusion: Patients experience notable challenges with delayed care, affordability of care, and medication adherence regardless of having a diagnosis of CTS. Targeted interventions on modifiable risk factors such as low income, poor mental health, and poor physical health are important opportunities to improve access to care in this population.
Inhaledversussystemic corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Papadopoulou Efthymia , Bin Safar Sulaiman , Khalil Ali , Hansel Jan , Wang Ran , Corlateanu Alexandru , Kostikas Konstantinos , Tryfon Stavros , Vestbo Jørgen , Mathioudakis Alexander G. 
Published: March 2024

This meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of inhaledversussystemic corticosteroids for COPD exacerbations.Following a pre-registered protocol, we appraised eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) according to Cochrane methodology, performed random-effects meta-analyses for all outcomes prioritised in the European Respiratory Society COPD core outcome set and rated the certainty of evidence as per Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology.We included 20 RCTs totalling 2140 participants with moderate or severe exacerbations. All trials were at high risk of methodological bias. Low-certainty evidence did not reveal significant differences between inhaled and systemic corticosteroids for treatment failure rate (relative risk 1.75, 95% CI 0.76–4.02, n=569 participants); breathlessness (mean change: standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.11, 95% CI −0.36–0.15, n=239; post-treatment scores: SMD −0.18, 95% CI −0.41–0.05, n=293); serious adverse events (relative risk 1.47, 95% CI 0.56–3.88, n=246); or any other efficacy outcomes. Moderate-certainty evidence implied a tendency for fewer adverse events with inhaled compared to systemic corticosteroids (relative risk 0.80, 95% CI 0.64–1.0, n=480). Hyperglycaemia and oral fungal infections were observed more frequently with systemic and inhaled corticosteroids, respectively.Limited available evidence suggests potential noninferiority of inhaled to systemic corticosteroids in COPD exacerbations. Appropriately designed and powered RCTs are warranted to confirm these findings.
Nocturnal oxygen therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Phyu Su Latt , Ercan Selin , Harriss Eli , Turnbull Christopher 
Published: March 2024

Obstructive sleep apnoea is characterised by recurrent reduction of airflow during sleep leading to intermittent hypoxia. Continuous positive airway pressure is the first-line treatment but is limited by poor adherence. Nocturnal oxygen therapy may be an alternative treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea but its effects remain unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates the effects of nocturnal oxygen therapy on both obstructive sleep apnoea severity and blood pressure.A literature search was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. Peer-reviewed, randomised studies that compared the effect of nocturnal oxygen therapy to sham in obstructive sleep apnoea patients were included. The main outcomes were the apnoea–hypopnoea index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.The search strategy yielded 1295 citations. Nine studies with 502 participants were included. When nocturnal oxygen therapy was compared to sham/air, it significantly reduced the apnoea–hypopnoea index (mean difference (MD) −15.17 events·h−1, 95% CI −19.95– −10.38 events·h−1, p<0.00001). Nocturnal oxygen therapy had no significant effect on blood pressure at follow-up without adjustment for baseline values, but did, where available, significantly attenuate the change in blood pressure from baseline to follow-up for both systolic blood pressure (MD −2.79 mmHg, 95% CI −5.45– −0.14 mmHg, p=0.040) and diastolic blood pressure (MD −2.20 mmHg, 95% CI −3.83– −0.57 mmHg, p=0.008).Nocturnal oxygen therapy reduced the apnoea–hypopnoea index severity and the change in (but not absolute) systolic and diastolic blood pressure, compared to sham. This suggests that nocturnal oxygen therapy may be a treatment option for obstructive sleep apnoea. Further studies with longer-term follow-up and standardised measurements are needed.
Copper-Free Resin-Based Braking Materials: A New Approach for Substituting Copper with Fly-Ash Cenospheres in Composites
Authors: Zheng Kaikui , Lin Youxi , You Shanmin , Ren Zhiying , Huang Jianmeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCopper particles emitted from braking have become a significant source of environmental pollution. However, copper plays a crucial role in resin-based braking materials. Developing high-performance braking materials without copper has become a significant challenge. In this paper, the resin-based braking materials were filled with fly-ash cenospheres to develop copper-free braking materials. The effects of fly-ash cenospheres on the physical properties, mechanical and friction and wear properties of braking materials were studied. Furthermore, the wear mechanism of copper-free resin-based braking materials filled with fly-ash cenospheres was discussed. The results indicate that the inclusion of fly-ash cenospheres in the braking materials improved their thermal stability, hardness and impact strength, reduced their density, effectively increased the friction coefficient at medium and high temperatures, and enhanced the heat-fade resistance of the braking materials. The inclusion of fly-ash cenospheres contributed to the formation of surface friction film during the friction process of the braking materials, and facilitated the transition of form from abrasive wear to adhesive wear. At 100–350 ℃, the friction coefficient of the optimal formulation is in the range of 0.57–0.61, and the wear rate is in the range (0.29–0.65) × 10−7 cm3·N−1·m−1, demonstrating excellent resistance to heat-fade and stability in friction coefficient. This research proposes the use of fly-ash cenospheres as a substitute for environmentally harmful and expensive copper in brake materials, which not only improves the performance of braking materials but also reduces their costs.
Comparative plastome analysis of the sister genera Ceratocephala and Myosurus (Ranunculaceae) reveals signals of adaptive evolution to arid and aquatic environments
Authors: Long Jing , He Wen-Chuang , Peng Huan-Wen , Erst Andrey S. , Wang Wei , Xiang Kun-Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Expansion and contraction of inverted repeats can cause considerable variation of plastid genomes (plastomes) in angiosperms. However, little is known about whether structural variations of plastomes are associated with adaptation to or occupancy of new environments. Moreover, adaptive evolution of angiosperm plastid genes remains poorly understood. Here, we sequenced the complete plastomes for four species of xerophytic Ceratocephala and hydrophytic Myosurus, as well as Ficaria verna. By an integration of phylogenomic, comparative genomic, and selection pressure analyses, we investigated evolutionary patterns of plastomes in Ranunculeae and their relationships with adaptation to dry and aquatic habitats.

Results
Owing to the significant contraction of the boundary of IRA/LSC towards the IRA, plastome sizes and IR lengths of Myosurus and Ceratocephala are smaller within Ranunculeae. Compared to other Ranunculeae, the Myosurus plastome lost clpP and rps16, one copy of rpl2 and rpl23, and one intron of rpoC1 and rpl16, and the Ceratocephala plastome added an infA gene and lost one copy of rpl2 and two introns of clpP. A total of 11 plastid genes (14%) showed positive selection, two genes common to Myosurus and Ceratocephala, seven in Ceratocephala only, and two in Myosurus only. Four genes showed strong signals of episodic positive selection. The rps7 gene of Ceratocephala and the rpl32 and ycf4 genes of Myosurus showed an increase in the rate of variation close to 3.3 Ma.

Conclusions
The plastomic structure variations as well as the positive selection of two plastid genes might be related to the colonization of new environments by the common ancestor of Ceratocephala and Myosurus. The seven and two genes under positive selection might be related to the adaptation to dry and aquatic habitats in Ceratocephala and Myosurus, respectively. Moreover, intensified aridity and frequent sea-level fluctuations, as well as global cooling, might have favored an increased rate of change in some genes at about 3.3 Ma, associated with adaptation to dry and aquatic environments, respectively. These findings suggest that changing environments might have influenced structural variations of plastomes and fixed new mutations arising on some plastid genes owing to adaptation to specific habitats.
Diabetes mellitus and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Kang Quou , Ren Jing , Cong Jinpeng , Yu Wencheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The question as to whether or not diabetes mellitus increases the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the causal association between type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and IPF using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods
We used two-sample univariate and multivariate MR (MVMR) analyses to investigate the causal relationship between T1D or T2D and IPF. We obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for T1D and T2D from the European Bioinformatics Institute, comprising 29,652 T1D samples and 101,101 T1D single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 655,666 T2D samples and 5,030,727 T2D SNPs. We also used IPF GWAS data from the FinnGen Biobank comprising 198,014 IPF samples and 16,380,413 IPF SNPs. All cases and controls in these datasets were derived exclusively from European populations. In the univariate MR analysis, we employed inverse variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger regression methods. For the MVMR analysis, we used the multivariate IVW method primarily, and supplemented it with multivariate MR-Egger and multivariate MR- least absolute shrinkage and selection operator methods. Heterogeneity tests were conducted using the MR-IVW and MR-Egger regression methods, whereas pleiotropic effects were assessed using the MR-Egger intercept. The results of MR and sensitivity analyses were visualized using forest, scatter, leave-one-out, and funnel plots.

Results
Univariate MR revealed a significant causal relationship between T1D and IPF (OR = 1.118, 95% CI = 1.021–1.225, P = 0.016); however, no significant causal relationship was found between T2D and IPF (OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.796–1.043, P = 0.178). MVMR analysis further confirmed a causal association between T1D and IPF (OR = 1.133, 95% CI = 1.011–1.270, P = 0.032), but no causal relationship between T2D and IPF (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 0.790–1.288, P = 0.950). Sensitivity analysis results validated the stability and reliability of our findings.

Conclusion
Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated a causal relationship between T1D and IPF, whereas no evidence was found to support a causal relationship between T2D and IPF. Therefore, in clinical practice, patients with T1D should undergo lung imaging for early detection of IPF.
Do women living in a deprived neighborhood have higher maternity care costs and worse pregnancy outcomes? A retrospective population-based study
Authors: Nanninga Eline K. , Menting Malou D. , van der Hijden Eric J. E. , Portrait France R. M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Living in a deprived neighborhood is associated with poorer health, due to factors such as lower socio-economic status and an adverse lifestyle. There is little insight into whether living in deprived neighborhood is associated with adverse maternity care outcomes and maternity health care costs. We expect women in a deprived neighborhood to experience a more complicated pregnancy, with more secondary obstetric care (as opposed to primary midwifery care) and higher maternity care costs. This study aimed to answer the following research question: to what extent are moment of referral from primary to secondary care, mode of delivery, (extreme or very) preterm delivery and maternity care costs associated with neighborhood deprivation?

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used a national Dutch database with healthcare claims processed by health insurers. All pregnancies that started in 2018 were included. The moment of referral from primary to secondary care, mode of delivery, (extreme or very) preterm delivery and maternity care costs were compared between women in deprived and non-deprived neighborhoods. We reported descriptive statistics, and results of ordinal logistic, multinomial and linear regressions to assess whether differences between the two groups exist.

Results
Women in deprived neighborhoods had higher odds of being referred from primary to secondary care during pregnancy (adjusted OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.41–1.57) and to start their pregnancy in secondary care (adjusted OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.44–1.66). Furthermore, women in deprived neighborhoods had lower odds of assisted delivery than women in non-deprived neighborhoods (adjusted OR 0.73, 95%CI 0.66–0.80), and they had higher odds of a cesarean section (adjusted OR 1.19, 95%CI 1.13–1.25). On average, women in a deprived neighborhood had higher maternity care costs worth 156 euros (95%CI 104–208).

Conclusion
This study showed that living in a deprived neighborhood is associated with more intensive maternal care and higher maternal care costs in the Netherlands. These findings support the needs for greater attention to socio-economic factors in maternity care in the Netherlands.