bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Masking influences: A systematic review of placebo control and blinding in psychedelic studies
Authors: Barstowe Aleksandra , Kajonius Petri J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Psychedelic-assisted therapy is becoming increasingly acknowledged as an effective therapeutic intervention for various psychiatric illnesses. However, the evaluation of blinding success is rarely reported in trials. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate placebo-control and blinding in psychedelic-assisted therapy. Nine studies dating between January 2010 until March 2023 were retrieved following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results show that all studies had either poor or uncertain blinding success, and all studies that used an active placebo control had poor blinding success. In other words, we cannot exclude the possibility of masking influences. For instance, this may lead to those receiving placebo having less expectations of treatment, resulting in a smaller placebo effect, and in turn the appearance of a more effective treatment than is the case. We recommend care be taken to increase successful blinding procedures, and we discuss alternative treatment designs to better control for potential masking influences.
Liposome-lentivirus hybrid carriers for miRNA therapy of liver cancer stem cells with molecular mechanism study on tumor progression hamper effects
Authors: Sun Fen , Chen Huaqing , Dai Xiaoyong , Hou Yibo , Li Jing , Zhang Yinghe , Huang Laiqiang , Guo Bing , Yang Dongye 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in the occurrence, maintenance, and recurrence of solid tumors. Although, miR-145-5p can inhibit CSCs survival, poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms hamperes further therapeutic optimization for patients. Lentivirus with remarkable transduction efficiency is the most commonly used RNA carrier in research, but has shown limited tumor-targeting capability.
Methods: We have applied liposome to decorate lentivirus surface thereby yielding liposome-lentivirus hybrid-based carriers, termed miR-145-5p-lentivirus nanoliposome (MRL145), and systematically analyzed their potential therapeutic effects on liver CSCs (LCSCs).
Results: MRL145 exhibited high delivery efficiency and potent anti-tumor efficacy under in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the overexpressed miR-145-5p can significantly suppress the self-renewal, migration, and invasion abilities of LCSCs by targeting Collagen Type IV Alpha 3 Chain (COL4A3). Importantly, COL4A3 can promote phosphorylating GSK-3β at ser 9 (p-GSK-3β S9) to inactivate GSK3β, and facilitate translocation of β-catenin into the nucleus to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby promoting self-renewal, migration, and invasion of LCSCs. Interestingly, COL4A3 could attenuate the cellular autophagy through modulating GSK3β/Gli3/VMP1 axis to promote self-renewal, migration, and invasion of LCSCs.
Conclusions: These findings provide novel insights in mode of action of miR-145-5p in LCSCs therapy and indicates that liposome-virus hybrid carriers hold great promise in miRNA delivery.
Acquisition of a single stranded DNA plant virus differentially alters methylation patterns in two cryptic species of a hemipteran vector
Authors: Catto Michael , Ghosh Saptarshi , Pandey Sudeep , Mondal Banani , Simmons Alvin , Hunt Brendan , Sriniva Rajagopalbabu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Epigenetic patterns including DNA methylation are known to vary between distantly related species, but it is not clear how these patterns differ at an intraspecific level. The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Aleyrodidae; Hemiptera), encompasses several cryptic species. These cryptic species possess highly similar genomes but exhibit substantial biological and physiological differences. B. tabaci cryptic species are invasive, highly polyphagous, and transmit an array of plant infecting single stranded DNA viruses (ssDNA) –begomoviruses. In this study, DNA methylation patterns around genes and genomic features of two prominent B. tabaci cryptic species were investigated following acquisition of a monopartite ssDNA virus –tomato yellow curl virus. The cryptic species investigated included: B (also known as Middle East Asia Minor 1) and Q (also known as Mediterranean). Genomic features, such as promoters, gene bodies, and transposable elements were assessed for methylation levels in both B and Q cryptic species. Differentially methylated regions within predominantly unique genes were identified in B and Q cryptic species, respectively. All differentially methylated regions were assessed for differential gene expression and alternative splicing events with and without virus acquisition. The differentially expressed genes were further grouped into hyper- and hypomethylated clusters. These clusters included genes with implications for virus-vector interactions including immune functions and xenobiotics’ detoxification. The observed DNA methylation pattern differences within each cryptic species could, in part, explain some of the biological and physiological differences between them.
RETRACTED: Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Markers Offer Utility when Distinguishing Between Benign and Malignant Gallbladder Tumors: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Huang Long , Fan Ruizhi , Hao Tingting , Zhang Shuai , Sun Bin , Xu Yinhai , Li Shibao , Feng Yifan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A precise NRT plan is necessary when using snus as a smoking cessation medication
Authors: Li Peng , Zhou Jian , Zhang Jie , Zeng Shitong , Wang Dingzhong , Xu Xiujuan , Sun Shihao 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Introduction:
Snus, a smokeless tobacco product with low nitrosamine content, is used as one of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) treatments. How's the efficacy of snus for smoking cessation? Two factors affect the efficiency of quitting smoking. Internal factor is personal physical condition. External factor is the condition of snus. Usually, the bioavailable dose of nicotine from snus is considered as 100%. However, it's not. Actually, the bioavailable dose of nicotine differs significantly /extremely among different brands. A chemanalysis method makes the bioavailability evaluation of nicotine come true. Depending on the data of nicotine bioavailable dose, the general practitioner could make a precise plan for different quitter. Then, a precise NRT plan will lead to a higher effective in increasing quit rates.
Methods:
Nicotine bioavailability includes 3 parts: nicotine release amount (µg), nicotine instant release rate (µg/s) and nicotine release profile. All data of the bioavailable dose of nicotine from snus were detected on a nicotine dissolution analyzer. Also, total nicotine content, pH, un-ionised nicotine content were determined followed normal chemanalysis motheds.
Results:
We have generated new information on comparative nicotine release behavior from different snus. Although the measured nicotine content in 21 samples differed by about 5 times, the range of variation could be as great as 30-fold when estimate of nicotine bioavailability was calculated.
Conclusions:
Based on the differences in nicotine release behavior and bioavailability dose data of various brands of snus, combined with different individual needs, general practitioners can recommend smokers to use the most appropriate snus products and formulate an accurate personalized NRT plan.
Bodipy Based Iridium and Ruthenium Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical and Photochemical Properties
Authors: Cabir Beyza , Cetindere Seda 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The design, synthesis, and characterization of novel BODPY based iridium and ruthenium complexes were reported. The structures of new compounds were fully characterized by FT-IR, MALDI-TOF Mass analysis, 1H, and 19F NMR spectroscopies. Precursor BODIPY was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique for the first time. Photophysical properties including absorption and emission profiles and fluorescence lifetimes were investigated via UV–vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Photochemical properties were investigated via direct method and the singlet oxygen production capabilities of new complexes were determined by NIR phosphorescence methods. BODIPY-based ruthenium complex more efficient at producing 1O2 than that of the BODIPY-based iridium complex. Besides, both complexes showed more remarkable photosensitization ability than some commonly used photosensitizer based on BODIPY derivatives. This study points out that novel complexes are effective 1O2 photosensitizers that might be used for different application areas like as photodynamic therapy.
Primary ovarian lymphoma misdiagnosed as epithelial carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: sun mingjun , ma zhenqin , Jiang Chunmei , Zhang Shan , Zhang Meng , Guo Yuzhen 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary DLBCL of the ovary is an uncommon malignant ovarian tumor. Its pathogenesis is unclear. Clinical symptoms and auxiliary exams show little specificity. Diagnosis is difficult before surgery. It is frequently misdiagnosed as other malignant ovarian tumors. Misdiagnosis frequently leads to excessive therapy.
Patient presentation
A 51-year-old patient with abdominal pain for two months and an abdominal mass for one week was admitted to the hospital. The patient had no vaginal bleeding or fluid; no fever, chills, night sweats, or weight loss; and no obvious medical or family history. When a diagnosis of an ovarian malignant tumor was considered, we performed double adnexectomy plus adnexectomy, hysterectomy, greater omentectomy, and partial peritonectomy. Postoperative pathology revealed DLBCL of the ovary, an anaplastic center-like subtype. The patient subsequently received two cycles of chemotherapy with the R-CHOP regimen. The patient's condition improved after chemotherapy, with no signs of disease progression, and she was considered for continuation of chemotherapy with the original regimen.
Conclusions
We reviewed the patient’s clinical data and literature to improve practitioners' understanding of the disease and prevent misdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Deciphering the Coordinated Roles of Host Genome, Duodenal Mucosal Genes, and Microbiota in Regulating Complex Traits in Chicken
Authors: Lan Fangren , Zhou Qianqian , Li Xiaochang , Jin Jiaming , Zhang Wenxin , Wen Chaoliang , Wu Guiqin , Li Guangqi , Yan Yiyuan , Sun Congjiao , Yang Ning 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The complex interactions between host genetics and the gut microbiome are well recognized; however, the specific impact of gene expression pattern and microbial composition on each other remains to be further explored. Here we investigated this complex interplay within a sizable population of 705 hens, employing integrative analyses to examine the relationships among host genetics, mucosal gene expression, and the gut microbiota. Specific microbial taxa exhibited a strong adherence to the host genomic variants, particularly in the cecum such as the Christensenellaceae family with a heritability (h2) of 0.365. We proposed a novel concept regulatability (\({r}_{b}^{2}\)), which was derived from h2, to quantify the cumulative effects of gene expression on the given phenotypes. The duodenal mucosal transcriptome emerged as a potent influencer of duodenal microbial taxa, with exceptionally higher \({r}_{b}^{2}\) values (0.17 ± 0.01, mean ± SE) compared to h2 (0.02 ± 0.00). Through a comparative analysis of chickens and humans, we revealed similar average microbiability (m2) values of 0.18 and 0.20, and significant distinctions in average \({r}_{b}^{2}\) values (0.17 vs 0.04). Notably, cis heritability (\({h}_{cis}^{2}\)) quantifies the impact of genetic variations proximal to a gene on its expression, while trans heritability (\({h}_{trans}^{2}\)) assesses the influence of distant genetic variations. Higher \({h}_{trans}^{2}\) values compared to \({h}_{cis}^{2}\), and a greater prevalence of trans-regulated genes over cis-regulated ones underscored the significant role of loci outside the cis-window in shaping gene expression levels. Furthermore, our exploration into the regulation of duodenal mucosal genes and microbiota on 18 complex traits enhanced our understanding of their regulatory mechanism, in which gene CHST14 and its regulatory relationships with Lactobacillus salivarius jointly facilitated the deposition of abdominal fat. This study has enhanced our understanding of host-microbe dynamics, which helps to devise strategies to modulate host-microbe interactions for improving economic traits in chicken.
The ability of Arabidopsis to recover from Basta and its application in isolating Cas9-free mutants
Authors: Ahmed Shahbaz , Hulbert Anna K. , Xin Xin , Neff Michael M. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
After successfully performing Agrobacterium-mediated CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing in plants, isolation of the Cas9 T-DNA is essential for the stable inheritance of induced mutations.
Results
Here, we report a simple technique that allows the isolation of Cas9-free mutants, eliminating the need for outcrossing or other intricate methods such as grafting. This method is based on the ability of Basta-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, which generally perish, to recover and grow once transplanted to Basta-free growth media. By growing gene-edited heterozygous populations of single-locus insertion Basta-resistant plants on Basta selection media, plants lacking the Cas9 T-DNA can be identified. These necrotic-looking plants lacking Cas9 are then rescued on media lacking the Basta to recover Cas9-free plants. The ability of seedlings to recover from Basta selection was also studied in camelina, canola, and wheat. All three crops showed different recovery rates, with wheat demonstrating the highest recovery once transplanted from Basta to normal growth media.
Conclusion
In summary, our findings demonstrate that by harnessing the recovery capability of Basta-sensitive seedlings, we can effectively identify and rescue plants lacking the Cas9 T-DNA, enabling the isolation of Cas9-free mutants in Arabidopsis and potentially extending to other crops.
DeepLearning-EndoCancer: A Data Enhancement Framework Improved Endometrial Cancer Diagnostic Accuracy
Authors: Luo Yi , Yang Meiyi , Liu Xiaoying , Qin Liufeng , Yu Zhengjun , Gao Yunxia , Xu Xia , Cha Guofen , Zhu Xuehua , Chen Gang , Wang Xue , Cao Lulu , Zhou Yuwang , Fang Yun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study sought to enhance the precision of endometrial lesion categorization in ultrasound imagery via a data enhancement framework base on deep learning (DL), addressing diagnostic accuracy challenges and contributing to future research.
Materials and Methods
Our study gathered ultrasound image datasets from 734 patients across six hospitals. We devised a data enhancement framework including Image Features Cleaning and Soften Label, validated across multiple DL models including ResNet50, DenseNet169, DenseNet201, and ViT-B. For optimal performance, we proposed a hybrid model integrating convolutional neural network (CNN) and transformer architectures to predict lesion types.
Results
The implementation of our novel strategies resulted in a substantial accuracy enhancement in the model. The final model achieved an accuracy of 0.809 and a macro-AUC of 0.911, underscoring DL's potential in endometrial lesion ultrasound image classification.
Conclusion
We successfully developed a data enhancement framework to accurately classify endometrial lesion in ultrasound images. The integration of anomaly detection, data cleaning, and soften label strategies enhanced the model's comprehension of lesion image features, thereby boosting its classification capacity. Our research offers valuable insights for future studies and lays the foundation for the creation of more precise diagnostic tools.
LC-mHTT-AN2 oversees lactate transport, hypoxia, and glucose homeostasis through dual regulation of MCT-1/4 in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Yadav Sneha , Singh Jyoti , Kumar Rohit , Sonkar Archana Bharti , Kumar Anurag , Kumar Dharmendra , Alamoudi Mariam K. , Ansari Mohd Nazam , Saeedan Abdulaziz S. , Mukherjee Alok , Kaithwas Gaurav 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background
Cancer cells have accelerated glycolysis rate, resulting in excessive lactate generation, which is critical in rapidly growing cancerous cells. Lactate is primarily transported by MCT-1/MCT-4, the two H+/lactate transporters that promote cellular proliferation and growth. Through in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo investigation, we aimed to find new dual MCT-1 and MCT-4 inhibitor for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
Material and Methods
A library of 4098 natural product-like compounds (HY-L057L) was retrieved and screened based on structural similarity with Syrosingopine (above70%). Among them, we found LC-mHTT-AN2 as a potential molecule that inhibits MCT-1 and MCT-4 symporters through docking study, pharmacokinetic(ADMET) profiling.Further, compound was tested for the in-vitro cytotoxicity(via MTTassay) and antiapototic activity ( via DAPI, AO/EtBr,JC-1) against MCF-7 cells. we also examined the in-vivo anticancer activity against MNU (Methyl Nitrosourea) induced mammary gland carcinoma in Wistar rat through carmine staining, SEM,biochemical and western blotting analysis
Results
Our in-silico result revealed that LC-mHTT-AN2 has good docking score with both proteins( MCT-1 and MCT-4 ) and favourable ADMET profiling. Further ,in-vitro result demonstrated that LC-mHTT-AN2 has significant IC50 value (4.7µM) and antiapoptotic potential. Once scrutinized against MNU-induced mammary gland carcinoma, LC-mHTT-AN2 significantly restored the altered morphology and ameliorated histopathological, biochemical and lactate production. Furthermore, the western blotting analysis revealed that LC-mHTT-AN2 significantly regulate mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and has demarcating effect upon inhibition of lactate transport and hypoxic microenvironment, demonstrating the preclinical efficacy for treating breast cancer.
Conclusions
The overall findings from in -silico, in -vitro, and in -vivo support the pre-clinical efficacy of LC-mHTT-AN2 in the treatment of breast carcinoma by combined inhibition of MCT-1 and MCT-4. Further research is needed to verify its usefulness before clinical application.
Association between machine learning-assisted heavy metal exposures and diabetic kidney disease: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Zhao Ruiqi , Lin Sen , Han Mengyao , Lin Zhimei , Yu Mengjiao , Zhang Bei , Ma Lanyue , Li Danfei , Peng Lisheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background & objective: Heavy metals, ubiquitous in the environment, pose a global public health concern. The correlation between these and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear.
Methods: We analyzed data from the NHANES (2005–2020), using machine learning, and cross-sectional survey. Our study also involved a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Results: Machine learning reveals correlation coefficients of -0.5059 and − 0.6510 for urinary Ba and urinary Tl with DKD, respectively. Multifactorial logistic regression implicates urinary Ba, urinary Pb, blood Cd, and blood Pb as potential associates of DKD. When adjusted for all covariates, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are 0.87 (0.78, 0.98) (P = 0.023), 0.70 (0.53, 0.92) (P = 0.012), 0.53 (0.34, 0.82) (P = 0.005), and 0.76 (0.64, 0.90) (P = 0.002) in order. Furthermore, multiplicative interactions between urinary Ba and urinary Sb, urinary Cd and urinary Co, urinary Cd and urinary Pb, and blood Cd and blood Hg might be present. Among the diabetic population, the OR of urinary Tl with DKD is a mere 0.10, with a 95%CI of (0.01, 0.74), urinary Co 0.73 (0.54, 0.98) in Model 3, and urinary Pb 0.72 (0.55, 0.95) in Model 2. Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) indicate a linear linkage between blood Cd in the general population and urinary Co, urinary Pb, and urinary Tl with DKD among diabetics. An observable trend effect is present between urinary Pb and urinary Tl with DKD. MR analysis reveals odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 1.16 (1.03,1.32) (P = 0.018) and 1.17 (1.00,1.36) (P = 0.044) for blood Cd and blood Mn, respectively.
Conclusions: In the general population, urinary Ba demonstrates a nonlinear inverse association with DKD, whereas in the diabetic population, urinary Tl displays a linear inverse relationship with DKD.
Maximizing Efciency in Perovskite Solar Cells:The Impact of Plasmonic Nanoparticle Geometryon Absorption and Performance
Authors: MASHRAFI MD. , Anik M. Hussayeen Khan , ISRAT MST. FARHANA , Habib Ahsan , Islam Sharnali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

High transparency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to infrared light has resulted inlower efciency when compared to other technologies such as crystalline silicon. In recent years, the application of nanoparticles (NPs) to induce surface plasmonresonance has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the incident light harvesting in solar cells, resulting in improved performance and absorption efciency. However, the efcacy of this method is greatly inﬂuenced by the geometry of theplasmonic nanoparticle, and a considerable gap exists in the literature regardingthe optimization of this geometry and the coupled optical and electrical analysis ofthe perovskite solar cell embedded with such nanoparticles. Here, we compare theperformance of plasmonic nanoparticles of diﬀerent geometrical shapes implantedwithin PSCs, including cones, inverted cones, cylinders, and pyramids of plasmonic nanostructures arranged in an array. We examine the enhancement of theabsorption spectrum in PSCs using fnite element method (FEM) simulationsand found that the cylinder nanostructure has a maximum average absorptionof 52%, while the planar structure has only 27%. We perform numerical analysisusing the SCAPS-1D simulator to determine the efciency of proposed PSCs. Our simulations indicated that an optimum device with embedded cylinder nanostructures could achieve an unprecedented 37% efciency. Finally, we investigatethe impact of non-radiative heat and temperature due to metal nanoparticles inplasmon-enhanced solar cells. Our fndings indicate that the introduction of cylindrical plasmonic nanoparticles does not signifcantly increase non-radiative heatand temperature. Our fndings pave the way for a novel approach to designing perovskite cells that may outperform typical silicon cells currently used.