bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative exploration of the contribution of blue space to well‐being in the lives of people with severe mental illness
Authors: Wright Kim , Eden Samantha , Hancox Anna , Windget Danielle , Elliott Lewis , Glossop Zoe , Johnston Gordon , Johnston Rose I. , Lobban Fiona , Lodge Christopher , Palmier‐Claus Jasper , Parkin Sally , White Piran C. L. , Bell Sarah L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The majority of research into the mental health benefits of blue space (outdoor places where water is a central feature) has focussed on the associations between neighbourhood exposure to these spaces and population‐level incidence of unipolar depression or anxiety disorder. There has been little exploration of the therapeutic use of blue space by those navigating bipolar, schizophrenia or other psychotic conditions. Knowledge arising from such an exploration could assist in the design and optimisation of nature‐based care for people with these conditions, as well as with self‐management.

We conducted semi‐structured online and telephone interviews with 19 adults who self‐reported experience of these conditions. Interviews were conducted in the United Kingdom from August to December 2021.

We describe four of the key interpretive themes identified via an in‐depth inductive thematic analysis of the interview transcripts to highlight how participants sought out moments of affective sanctuary through their blue encounters. Blue spaces were described as having the potential to reset the mind, emotions and body. This was in part due to their socially undemanding nature, and ability to provide respite from a socially stressful world.

Participants described developing a blue identity, whereby a sense of attachment to and shared history with these places was articulated as well as incorporating blue spaces into self‐ and emotion‐regulation practices. Finally, participants described experiences of and recommendations for a therapeutic blue intervention. The role of biodiversity in contributing to the benefits of blue spaces was implied primarily in terms of perceived soundscapes, but also through visual observations.

Synthesis and applications. Blue care for people with bipolar, schizophrenia or other psychotic conditions should consider the need that some individuals have for solitude and proximity to their home when they visit blue spaces, as well as individual differences in the features of blue space interactions that provide the greatest benefit.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Post‐hip‐fracture knee pain in older adults prolongs their hospital stays: A retrospective analysis using propensity score matching
Authors: Kaizu Yoichi , Miyata Kazuhiro , Arii Hironori 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposePost‐hip‐fracture knee pain (PHFKP) occurs in ∼28%–37% of patients and contributes to a prolonged length of hospital stay (LOS). Analyses of LOS prolongation due to PHFKP have been limited to univariate analyses that do not consider important confounding factors. After adjusting for important confounding factors, we investigated whether the presence or absence of PHFKP makes a difference in LOS in patients with hip fractures.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of patients who had undergone postoperative rehabilitation after surgery for a hip fracture. Demographic and clinical information, discharge parameters, and PHFKP development information were collected from the medical records. Using propensity score matching, we performed a two‐group comparison of LOS, the functional independence measure (FIM) motor score (FIMm), FIMm gain, and FIMm effectiveness in patients with and without PHFKP. Six variables were included in the calculation of propensity scores: age, sex, body mass index, fracture type, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, and independence in activities of daily living at discharge. One‐way analysis of variance was used to examine the details of the relationships between LOS and (i) the time of PHFKP development and (ii) pain intensity.ResultsWe analyzed the cases of 261 patients, of whom 87 (33.3%) developed PHFKP. In propensity score matching, 80 patients were each matched to a patient in the PHFKP or non‐PHFKP group. After propensity score matching, a between‐group comparison revealed that the PHFKP group had a longer LOS (+11 days) than the non‐PHFKP group, and there were no differences in FIMm gain or FIMm effectiveness. The timing of PHFKP development and pain intensity were not related to the LOS.DiscussionEven after adjusting for confounders, the development of PHFKP was found to prolong LOS. Clinicians should be aware of possible LOS prolongation in hip fracture patients with PHFKP.
Proteomics techniques in protein biomarker discovery
Authors: Babaei Mahsa , Kashanian Soheila , Lee Huang‐Teck , Harding Frances 
Published: March 2024

AbstractProtein biomarkers represent specific biological activities and processes, so they have had a critical role in cancer diagnosis and medical care for more than 50 years. With the recent improvement in proteomics technologies, thousands of protein biomarker candidates have been developed for diverse disease states. Studies have used different types of samples for proteomics diagnosis. Samples were pretreated with appropriate techniques to increase the selectivity and sensitivity of the downstream analysis and purified to remove the contaminants. The purified samples were analyzed by several principal proteomics techniques to identify the specific protein. In this study, recent improvements in protein biomarker discovery, verification, and validation are investigated. Furthermore, the advantages, and disadvantages of conventional techniques, are discussed. Studies have used mass spectroscopy (MS) as a critical technique in the identification and quantification of candidate biomarkers. Nevertheless, after protein biomarker discovery, verification and validation have been required to reduce the false‐positive rate where there have been higher number of samples. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and selected reaction monitoring (SRM), in combination with stable isotope‐labeled internal standards, have been examined as options for biomarker verification, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for validation.
Contraceptive choice and decision‐making among college students in a Southeastern US state
Authors: Kimiecik Clare , Maness Sarah B. , Sundstrom Beth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionChoosing the right contraception can be a daunting process and it is important that people feel in control of their bodies during this decision‐making process.Materials and MethodsThis study investigates who college‐aged students talk to about their hormonal contraceptive choice and how that impacts their feeling of control during their decision‐making process.ResultsThe study found participants spoke to a variety of sources about this decision, like their healthcare providers when they wanted a clinical point of view, their mothers when they wanted a more personal and caring point a view, their overall social networks when they wanted multiple point of views, and some participants ultimately felt the most control when just referring to themselves and their own feelings.ConclusionsMore research can be done on how specific beliefs among figures in college‐aged students' lives impact these contraceptive discussions, the choices they feel they can make, and how in control of themselves they feel.
Comprehensive Characterization of Starch from Diverse Sources: Physicochemical, and Functional Properties
Authors: Sinhmar Archana , Sharma Somesh , Pathera Ashok Kumar , Nehra Manju , Thory Rahul , Nain Vikash , Godara Sachin Kumar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present study is based on the comprehensive characterization of starches from pearl millet, sorghum, mango kernel, and water chestnut. The starches are analyzed to observe the difference in physicochemical, pasting, rheological, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) properties. The amylose content from diverse sources ranges from 17.3 to 26.3%. The swelling power and solubility of the starches are influenced by the increase in temperature. It is observed that an increase in temperature results in increased swelling power and solubility. At 90 °C, mango kernel starch shows the highest swelling power while pearl millet starch shows the lowest. The botanical sources influence the pasting and rheological properties, and a significant difference (p < 0.05) is observed in all the parameters recorded. The peak viscosity (PV) of starches ranges from 1256 to 2101 cP. All the starches possess almost similar and typical starch FTIR spectra. The starches from all sources show prominent peaks at 15.2, 17, 18.3, and 23 (2θ), corresponding to a typical A‐type starch crystallinity organization.
Improving the potential of BDF@SPS to search for new physics with liquid argon time projection chambers
Authors: Ferrillo Martina , Ovchynnikov Maksym , Resnati Filippo , De Roeck Albert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Beam dump experiments proposed at the SPS are perfectly suited to explore the parameter space of models with long-lived particles, thanks to the combination of a large intensity with a high proton beam energy. In this paper, we study how the exploration power may be augmented further by installing a detector based on liquid argon time projection chamber technology. In particular, we consider several signatures of new physics particles that may be uniquely searched for with such a detector, including double bang events with heavy neutral leptons, inelastic light dark matter, and millicharged particles.
Intermediate charge-breaking phases and symmetry non-restoration in the 2-Higgs-Doublet Model
Authors: Aoki Mayumi , Biermann Lisa , Borschensky Christoph , Ivanov Igor P. , Mühlleitner Margarete , Shibuya Hiroto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Higgs potentials of extended Higgs sectors exhibit a complex and interesting vacuum structure. When travelling back in time, i.e. going to higher temperatures, the structure may change and exhibit interesting phase patterns and sequences of phases related to the respective minima of the potential. The investigation of the vacuum structure can give us indirect insights in beyond-Standard-Model physics and the evolution of the Universe. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of an intermediate charge-breaking (CB) phase in the 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) type I. The existence has been reported previously by using a simple potential setup. We here confirm that the intermediate CB phase can still exist when using the one-loop corrected effective potential including thermal masses. We discuss its features and the relation with SU(2) symmetry (non-)restoration as well as its consistency with the current experimental data. Lastly, we show for some selected benchmark points the rich and interesting phase patterns and sequences that the 2HDM can undergo during its evolution from the early Universe to today’s electroweak vacuum.
Evaluation of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation in pigs using handless Doppler carotid artery ultrasound
Authors: Zhao Xiaoli , Yuan Wei , Wang Shuo , Wu Junyuan , Li Chunsheng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to utilize a hemorrhagic shock pig model to compare two hemodynamic monitoring methods, pulse index continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) and spectral carotid artery Doppler ultrasound (CDU). Additionally, we sought to explore the feasibility of employing CDU as a non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring tool in the context of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation.

Design
Animal experiments.

Setting and subjects
Female pigs were selected, and hemorrhagic shock was induced by rapid bleeding through an arterial sheath.

Interventions
Hemodynamic monitoring was conducted using both PiCCO and CDU during episodes of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation.

Measurements and main results
Among the 10 female pigs studied, CDU measurements revealed a significant decrease in carotid velocity time integral (cVTI) compared to baseline values under shock conditions. During the resuscitation phase, after the mean arterial pressure (MAP) returned to its baseline level, there was no significant difference between cVTI and baseline values. A similar trend was observed for carotid peak velocity (cPV). The corrected flow time (FTc) exhibited a significant difference only at the time of shock compared to baseline values. In comparison to PiCCO, there was a significant correlation between cVTI and MAP (r = 0.616, P < 0.001), stroke volume (SV) (r = 0.821, P < 0.001), and cardiac index (CI) (r = 0.698, P < 0.001). The carotid Doppler shock index (cDSI) displayed negative correlations with MAP (r =  − 0.593, P < 0.001), SV (r =  − 0.761, P < 0.001), and CI (r =  − 0.548, P < 0.001), while showing a positive correlation with the shock index (SI) (r = 0.647, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Compared to PiCCO, CDU monitoring can reliably reflect the volume status of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation. CDU offers the advantages of being non-invasive, providing real-time data, and being operationally straightforward. These characteristics make it a valuable tool for assessing and managing hemorrhagic shock, especially in resource-limited settings.
Steigende Inzidenzen bei Mastoidektomien im Kindesalter
Authors: Gehrke Thomas , Scherzad Agmal 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In den Jahren 2022 und 2023 wurde eine steigende Anzahl an Mastoiditiden bei Kindern und damit auch ein Anstieg der Mastoidektomien bei Kindern beobachtet.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, den Anstieg der Anzahl an Patienten mit Mastoiditis und folgender Mastoidektomie zu analysieren, Korrelationen mit vorheriger Antibiotikatherapie und COVID-Infektionen zu untersuchen und einen Überblick über Keimspektrum, Krankheitsverlauf und Therapie zu geben.

Material und Methoden
Dazu wurde eine retrospektive Analyse aller seit 2012 behandelten Patienten mit Mastoiditis durchgeführt, bei denen eine Mastoidektomie durchgeführt werden musste. Evaluiert wurden Art und Dauer vorangegangener Symptome und einer vorherigen Antibiotikatherapie, Diagnostik und Krankheitsverlauf sowie Keimspektrum, Dauer des Krankenhausaufenthalts und Komplikationen.

Ergebnisse
Es wurde ein hoch signifikanter Anstieg an Mastoiditiden und somit auch an Mastoidektomien ab 2022 gezeigt. Weder Keimspektrum noch Krankheitsverlauf oder Komplikationsrate unterschieden sich von den vorherigen Jahren mit niedrigerer Inzidenz. Eher konnte eine Zunahme bereits ambulant antibiotisch vortherapierter Patienten gezeigt werden. Etwa die Hälfte der seit Herbst 2022 erkrankten Patienten hatte eine positive COVID-Anamnese. Adenoidhyperplasie spielte ursächlich eine deutlich geringere Rolle als in den Jahren zuvor.

Schlussfolgerung
Eine Korrelation zu reduzierter ambulanter Antibiotikagabe erscheint bei in diesem Kollektiv eher steigender Anzahl somit kausal als unwahrscheinlich. Ob ein Zusammenhang mit einer durchgemachten COVID-Infektion besteht, kann aufgrund der hohen Dunkelziffer bei asymptomatischen und nicht nachgewiesenen Fällen nicht abschließend beurteilt werden.
Circular usage of waste cooking oil towards green electrical discharge machining process with lower carbon emissions
Authors: Ishfaq Kashif , Sana Muhammad , Waseem Muhammad Umair , Anwar Saqib , Zia Abdul Wasy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA global manufacturing community is dedicatedly striving to implement the concept of NetZero in precision cutting of difficult-to-machine materials, specifically, Inconel 617 (IN617) with due consideration to environmental protocols. The fast strain hardening issue of the said alloy during conventional processing rationalizes the application of electric discharge machining (EDM). However, EDM has been criticized for its high energy consumption and limited cutting efficiency. Moreover, conventional dielectric (kerosene) employed in EDM has drastic environmental and operator health concerns. To address the abovementioned issues, waste cooking oil (WCO) has been employed in this study which enhances the reusability of resources and minimizes the cost of the dielectric. Making the process sustainable is imperative along with continuously escalating scarcity of engineering resources. Therefore, the potential of shallow and deep cryogenically treated electrodes (SCT and DCT) has been comprehensively examined against nanofilled WCO to achieve the aforementioned objective. Three different concentrations of powder (Cp) and surfactant (Cs) to uplift the machining responses are investigated through a detailed parametric experimental design. Core machining factors such as material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), and specific energy consumption (SEC) are examined through optical and electron microscopy studies and 3D surface profilometry. Hereafter, machining factors are modelled using the artificial neural network (ANN) technique. An exceptional improvement of 80%, 25.3%, and 75.16% has been achieved in MRR, SR, and SEC respectively using nanopowder-mixed WCO against SCT brass compared to the responses’ values obtained against conventionally used kerosene. Furthermore, compared to kerosene, the maximum CO2 reduction of 79.97 ± 11.2% is achieved with WCO.
Entwicklung und Fortschritte des Nationalen Obduktionsnetzwerks (NATON)
Authors: Windeck Svenja , Allgoewer Kristina , von Stillfried Saskia , Triefenbach Lucas , Nienaber Ulrike , Bülow Roman David , Röhrig Rainer , Ondruschka Benjamin , Boor Peter ,   NATON
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Obduktionen gelten seit langem als der Goldstandard für die Qualitätssicherung in der Medizin. Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat ihr Potenzial für das Verständnis der Pathophysiologie, Therapie und Krankheitsbewältigung wieder in den Fokus gerückt. Im April 2020 wurde das Deutsche Register für COVID-19-Obduktionen (DeRegCOVID) eingerichtet, gefolgt vom Konsortium DEFEAT PANDEMIcs (2020–2021), das sich zum Nationalen Obduktionsnetzwerk (NATON) entwickelte.

DeRegCOVID
DeRegCOVID sammelte und analysierte über 3 Jahre hinweg Obduktionsdaten von COVID-19-Verstorbenen in Deutschland und ist damit die größte nationale multizentrische Obduktionsstudie. Die Ergebnisse identifizierten entscheidende Faktoren für schwere/tödliche Fälle, wie z. B. pulmonale vaskuläre Thromboembolien, und das komplizierte Zusammenspiel von Virus und Immunsystem. DeRegCOVID diente als zentraler Hub für die Datenanalyse, Forschungsanfragen und öffentliche Kommunikation und spielte eine wichtige Rolle im Austausch mit Politik und öffentlichem Gesundheitswesen.

NATON
NATON wurde vom Netzwerk Universitätsmedizin (NUM) initiiert und entwickelte sich zu einer nachhaltigen Infrastruktur für autopsiebasierte Forschung. Ziel ist die Bereitstellung einer Daten- und Methodenplattform, die die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Pathologie, Neuropathologie und Rechtsmedizin fördert. Die Struktur unterstützt eine rasche Rückkopplung zwischen Forschung, Patientenversorgung und Pandemiemanagement.

Schlussfolgerung
DeRegCOVID hat wesentlich zum Verständnis der COVID-19-Pathophysiologie beigetragen. Durch seinen modularen Aufbau will das Nationale Obduktionsregister (NAREG) nun die Zusammenarbeit auf nationaler sowie internationaler Ebene weiter verbessern.
Even short-term training improves the skills of novice exoscope users: a prospective laboratory experiment
Authors: Vasankari Ville , Hafez Ahmad , Pohjola Anni , Auricchio Anna Maria , Calvanese Francesco , Rossmann Tobias , Veldeman Michael , Badic Ines , Netti Eliisa , Rautalin Ilari , Nurminen Ville , Raj Rahul , Niemelä Mika , Lehecka Martin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
The surgical 3D exoscopes have recently been introduced as an alternative to the surgical microscopes in microneurosurgery. Since the exoscope availability is still limited, it is relevant to know whether even a short-term exoscope training develops the skills needed for performing exoscope-assisted surgeries.

Methods
Ten participants (six consultants, four residents) performed two laboratory bypass test tasks with a 3D exoscope (Aesculap Aeos®). Six training sessions (6 h) were performed in between (interval of 2–5 weeks) on artificial models. The participants were divided into two groups: test group (n = 6) trained with the exoscope and control group (n = 4) with a surgical microscope. The test task was an artificial end-to-side microsurgical anastomosis model, using 12 interrupted 9–0 sutures and recorded on video. We compared the individual as well as group performance among the test subjects based on suturing time, anastomosis quality, and manual dexterity.

Results
Altogether, 20 bypass tasks were performed (baseline n = 10, follow-up n = 10). The median duration decreased by 28 min and 44% in the exoscope training group. The decrease was steeper (29 min, 45%) among the participants with less than 6 years of microneurosurgery experience compared to the more experienced participants (13 min, 24%). After training, the participants with at least 1-year experience of using the exoscope did not improve their task duration. The training with the exoscope led to a greater time reduction than the training with the microscope (44% vs 17%).

Conclusions
Even short-term training with the exoscope led to marked improvements in exoscope-assisted bypass suturing among novice microneurosurgeons. For the more experienced participants, a plateau in the initial learning curve was reached quickly. A much longer-term effort might be needed to witness further improvement in this user group.
Losses from horizontal merger and collusion
Authors: Beladi Hamid , Mukherjee Arijit 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe show that the implications of a merger on collusion sustainability change significantly from the extant literature if merger is not profitable in the punishment subgame where firms play non-cooperative Cournot–Nash game. Merger either does not affect collusion sustainability or it may decrease or increase collusion sustainability, depending on the output allocation for the merged firm. Our paper has the following implication for antitrust policies. If merger is observed, the authority will expect an industry-wide collusion, since merger will occur in our analysis provided it increases collusion sustainability.