bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heteroleptic Cu(I) complex with vapochromism and its application as electrochromic material
Authors: Kharabe Laxman Sarjerao , Ghosh Tanushree , Pandey Dilip , Kumar Rajesh , Raghuvanshi Abhinav 
Published: April 2024

Cu(I) complexes have garnered substantial attention in recent years because of their intriguing photophysical properties and their applications in different fields. Herein, we have reported a new four‐coordinated heteroleptic Cu(I) complex using dicnq, a 1,10‐phenanthroline‐based cyno‐substituted ligand, and Xantphos, a bulky as well as rigid chelating diphosphine ligand. The synthesized complex is characterized by multinuclear NMR and HRMS and described as [Cu (Xantphos)(dicnq)]PF6 (1). Complex 1 exhibits absorption within the range of 380–500 nm and emits around 700 nm, attributed to the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer transition. Theoretical calculations suggest that the HOMO is predominantly located on the Cu(I) center, whereas LUMO is associated with the dicnq ligand. Further, 1 was found to show vapochromic behavior and blue‐shifted emission was observed in the presence of solvent vapors which can show π–π interaction with dicnq. Notably, the complex demonstrates electrochromic activity, prompting the fabrication of a device (ITO/P3HT/Cu complex/ITO) for an in‐depth exploration of its electrochromic properties. The working potential range for the device was found to be ±3 V. On and Off states show the device has an impressive contrast ratio of ~40% and 38% at 520 and 800 nm, respectively. In addition to this, the device shows rapid coloration and bleaching times of 0.8 and 0.5 s, respectively. In terms of contrast, switching speed, stability, and efficiency values at two different wavelengths, the device shows good electrochromic results.
Determination of phase diagram of polyolefin blend nanocomposites by rheological approach: Influence of rheological method and nanoparticles on shifting the phase transition boundary
Authors: Hosseiny Seyed Majid , Jafari Seyed Hassan , Hemmati Farkhondeh , Kalaee Mohammad Reza , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this research, by using different rheometric methods, the temperatures of phase transition for upper critical solution temperature phase diagram of polyethylene (PE) and poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends and filled systems with organically‐modified nanoclay (ONC) were measured. Since the PE/EVA‐based mixtures are widely applied in the film and foam industries, the evaluation of the phase behavior of these mixtures is of great importance. Microscopic observations show that ONC nanoparticles have a compatibilization role on the biphasic microstructure of PE/EVA. ONC nanoparticles have a remarkable impact on the viscoelastic properties of the EVA phase, leading to a reduction in the asymmetry of the viscoelastic properties of the two polymeric phases. The findings of this work focused on the isochronal dynamic temperature sweep tests on the well‐mixed and phase‐separated nanofiller‐filled systems with different cooling/heating rates indicated that these series of experiments did not have the necessary efficiency to determine the phase separation boundary and spinodal temperatures in thermodynamically equilibrium conditions. By using Han plot and dynamic temperature sweep tests at the minimum possible heating rate, 0.25 K/min, it was proved that by adding nanoparticles to PE/EVA blends, the area of well‐mixed region of the phase diagram did not show a significant increment. The pinning effects of nanoparticles on the polymeric chains and correspondingly, the reduction of molecular dynamics mainly affect the phase separation phenomenon.
Evaluation of PET recyclability and characterization of modified reprocessed‐PET for industrial application
Authors: Kim Do Yeop , Park Tae Hyeong , Choo Ji Eun , Hwang Sung Wook 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used in a variety of packaging applications, such as bottles, films, fibers, for its cost‐effective and excellent physical properties. However, the increase in plastic usage and packaging waste has become major global problems. Therefore, the importance of plastic recycling is being emphasized. In this study, the bottle‐grade PET was repeatedly melt processed up to three times to evaluate of PET recyclability. Intrinsic viscosity (IV) and mechanical properties have significantly decreased due to chain scission during the melt reprocessing. In particular, the IV of 3rP (reprocessing three times) decreased to 0.582 dL/g, and the mechanical properties decreased more than twice compared with 0rP. To enhance the physical properties of reprocessed PET (rP‐PET), it was modified using two chain extenders. The IV of the modified 3rP‐PET increased from 0.645 to 0.737 dL/g. And the tensile strength was improved up to approximately 93% of the 0rP properties, confirming the chain extension effect. Additionally, a biaxial orientation process was applied to confirm the feasibility of modified rP‐PET to various industrial packaging applications. Consequently, as the stretching ratio increased, the physical properties of modified rP‐PET improved, confirming the feasibility of rP‐PET in various packaging fields.
Melamine‐imprinted quartz crystal microbalance sensor for its detection in milk
Authors: Tiwari Mohit , Pattanayek Sudip K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA unique and selective molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was fabricated to detect melamine using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) surface. The MIP was synthesized by sol–gel technique utilizing 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) as the functional monomer bearing the methacrylate head group. To identify the melamine, we applied a coating of the as‐synthesized MIP over the silicon crystal of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) detector. High‐affinity adsorption of template molecules from the aqueous solution is the basis of the detection. Adsorption experiments performed in real‐time on MIP surfaces indicate that melamine forms strong bonds with its template molecule. We have evaluated the MIP surface using contact angle, BET, RAMAN and AFM investigations regarding wettability, reactivity, surface area, and smoothness. The real‐time adsorption experiments of template molecules on the MIP substrate reveal enhanced attachments with MIP, whereas the NIP demonstrates no interactions with the template molecules. Melamine detection in tainted milk samples further validated the MIP QCM sensor effectiveness. Melamine at a concentration ranging from 1–20 mg/L is tested. Findings conclude that the polymerization method and the QCM nanosensor for selective melamine detection were adequate substitutes for the technologies currently used for detecting melamine.
Alkane molecularly imprinted nanofiber membranes used to enhance the diesel degradation process
Authors: Yang Bo , Ying Xiaoguang , Zhang Weiying , Li Xiao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCombining molecular imprinting technology with electrostatic spinning technology, a molecularly imprinted nanofiber membrane material with memory and recognition of specific imprinted molecules is thus produced. It has the advantages of high efficiency, reusability, easy amplification, and simple operation. In this study, alkane molecularly imprinted nanofibrous membranes are prepared as a carrier for immobilize Bacillus cereus LY‐1 for the degradation of diesel in oil–water system. The adsorption capacity of the molecularly imprinted material for diesel oil with n‐decyl alcohol as the template molecule reach 120.25 mg g−1, the adsorption capacity of alkane molecularly imprint nanofiber membrane prepared using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the membrane substrate material is 41.37 mg g−1. After 4 days, the immobilized LY‐1 cells eliminate roughly 80.7% of the diesel at a starting concentration of 3 g L−1. The results show that imprinted structures in MINM enhance degradation by loaded microorganisms.
Evaluating wildlife tourism exposure to Florida manatees using citizen science, public interviews, and trail cameras
Authors: Brady Beth , Carroll Gabrielle , Costa Giulia , Ramos Eric Angel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wildlife tourism often focuses on marine mammals, and the growing frequency of human interactions raises concerns about the sustainability of these activities and their impact on aquatic species. Tourists have the opportunity to view the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in various locations; however, the level of tourist activity in some areas and their effects on manatees are unknown. Preliminary studies are essential to assess whether these areas warrant additional regulatory and mitigation strategies based on tourism impact.
Here, we investigated tourism activity on a site often visited by small aggregations of Florida manatees. From 2022 to 2023, interviews, citizen science, and trail cameras were used to assess watercraft activity, tourist knowledge, and the educational practices offered by watercraft rental businesses at Portosueno Park, Florida, USA.
Both trail cameras and citizen science revealed that boats were the most common visitors to the park, averaging 23 watercraft visits per week. Interviews indicated that the majority of the public did not observe the posted signs addressing manatee harassment and were unaware of the prohibition against chasing manatees, the most frequently observed form of harassment at the park.
The methods used complemented each other to elucidate tourism activity and has the potential to inform outreach efforts and mitigation strategies.
An inexpensive and lightweight dynamic cone penetrometer for the characterization of shallow submerged sediments
Authors: Parada José Manuel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sediment compaction is an indicator of the health of benthic communities. At the same time, many of the extractive or cultivation activities on the coast take place in areas of special environmental interest and remove or compact the sediment by their own activity or simply by access on foot.
Measurements of compaction or penetration resistance of marine or river sediments are not common, especially in submerged environments. Although there are devices, such as vane testers, that can be used in non‐submerged sediments, lightweight and inexpensive devices for measuring compaction in submerged sediments are rare.
An apparatus for measuring sediment penetration resistance based on the dynamic cone penetrometers used in terrestrial environments is described and tested. The device is lightweight and inexpensive, and although it is intended for use in submerged sediments, it can also be used manually in sediments accessible by foot.
In the process of testing the apparatus, the penetration resistance values of surfaced sediments have been compared with those obtained with a vane tester to estimate compaction.
This new lightweight penetrometer provides inexpensive penetration resistance values as a measure of compaction in the sediment layer of greatest interest for the management of habitats and communities and makes it possible to establish criteria for action and to measure its effectiveness.
Effect of Secukinumab Versus Adalimumab Biosimilar on Radiographic Progression in Patients With Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: Results From a Head‐to‐Head Randomized Phase IIIb Study
Authors: Baraliakos Xenofon , Østergaard Mikkel , Poddubnyy Denis , van der Heijde Désirée , Deodhar Atul , Machado Pedro M. , Navarro‐Compán Victoria , Hermann Kay Geert A. , Kishimoto Mitsumasa , Lee Eun Young , Gensler Lianne S. , Kiltz Uta , Eigenmann Marco F. , Pertel Patricia , Readie Aimee , Richards Hanno B. , Porter Brian , Braun Juergen 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveSpinal radiographic progression is an important outcome in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). The objective of the phase IIIb SURPASS study was to compare spinal radiographic progression in patients with radiographic axial SpA treated with secukinumab (interleukin‐17A inhibitor) versus adalimumab biosimilar (Sandoz adalimumab [SDZ‐ADL]; tumor necrosis factor inhibitor).MethodsBiologic‐naive patients with active radiographic axial SpA, at high risk of radiographic progression (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [hsCRP] ≥5 mg/L and/or ≥1 syndesmophyte[s] on spinal radiographs), were randomized (1:1:1) to secukinumab (150/300 mg) or SDZ‐ADL (40 mg). The proportion of patients with no radiographic progression (change from baseline [CFB] in modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score [mSASSS] ≤0.5) on secukinumab versus SDZ‐ADL at week 104 (primary endpoint), mean CFB‐mSASSS, proportion of patients with ≥1 syndesmophyte(s) at baseline with no new syndesmophyte(s), and safety were evaluated.ResultsOverall, 859 patients (78.5% male, mSASSS 16.6, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index 7.1, hsCRP 20.4 mg/L, and 73.0% with ≥1 syndesmophyte[s]) received secukinumab 150 mg (n = 287), secukinumab 300 mg (n = 286), or SDZ‐ADL (n = 286). At week 104, the proportion of patients with no radiographic progression was 66.1%, 66.9%, and 65.6% (P = not significant, both secukinumab doses) and mean CFB‐mSASSS was 0.54, 0.55, and 0.72 in secukinumab 150 mg, secukinumab 300 mg, and SDZ‐ADL arms, respectively. Overall, 56.9%, 53.8%, and 53.3% of patients on secukinumab 150 mg, secukinumab 300 mg, and SDZ‐ADL, respectively, with ≥1 syndesmophyte(s) at baseline did not develop new syndesmophyte(s) by week 104. There were no unexpected safety findings.ConclusionSpinal radiographic progression over two years was low with no significant difference between secukinumab and SDZ‐ADL arms. The safety of both treatments was consistent with previous reports.
CB‐0821, a novel CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) inhibitor with improved binding efficacy proposed as anti‐HIV candidate: Computational and in vitro approach
Authors: Kumar Ashish 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) serves a pivotal role in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV‐1) infection by acting as a co‐receptor and facilitating the binding of the viral envelope glycoprotein (env). Maraviroc (MVC), a Food and Drug Administration‐approved monocarboxylic acid amide, is one of the CCR5 inhibitors employed in HIV treatment. Despite the existence of approved drugs, the emergence of drug resistance underscores the necessity for novel compounds to combat resistance and enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, CB‐0821, identified from the ChemBridge library, emerged as a promising CCR5 inhibitor. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate comparable dynamic properties for CB‐0821 and MVC. In silico comparisons with other CCR5 inhibitors emphasize CB‐0821's superior binding affinity, positioning it as a potential lead compound. Evaluations of the dissociation constant (Ki) and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion predictions suggest CB‐0821 as a well‐tolerated drug. Furthermore, the dose‐dependent inhibition of CCR5 by CB‐0821 in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (ranging from 10 to 200 nM) demonstrates efficacy, coupled with nontoxicity to Vero cells at concentrations up to 500 nM. These results underscore the potential of CB‐0821 in HIV antiviral therapy, calling for additional preclinical validations before advancing to clinical considerations.
Sustainable production of biofuels using different microbial consortia: the state of the art
Authors: Medina Jesús David Coral , Bolaños Fabio , Magalhães Antonio Irineudo , Woiciechowski Adenise Lorenci , de Carvalho Julio , Soccol Carlos Ricardo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPopulation growth has generated an enormous increase in demand for energy and chemicals to supply goods and services and to maintain quality of life. Oil, coal, and natural gas are the primary sources of the chemicals and energy that directly impact the economy. However, the reserves of these resources are continuously reducing. New alternatives have emerged, including biotechnological tools such as microbial consortia (MC) to produce biofuels, chemicals such as organic acids, and processed foods. The diversity of MC as a biotechnological tool allows it to be used in complex substrates, opening the possibility of using other solid waste to implement consolidated bioprocesses (CPs). This review presents an overview of the uses of MC and CP for producing biofuels using different feedstocks.
New structural–optical effect in LiF–Li2B4O7 thin‐film structures in the crystallization
Authors: Maslyuk Volodymyr , Pop Oksana , Holovey Vadym , Loya Vasyl , Svatiuk Natalia , Birov Mykhailo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe effect of optical radiation during the phase transition from the amorphous to the crystalline state of matter was investigated for the first time. The results were obtained on nanoscale films of (LiF)x(Li2B4O7)1‐x compositions by sputtering on cold Ni substrates. The starting materials for films were chosen due to their wide use for tissue‐equivalent ionizing radiation dosimetry. It is shown that the detected thermoluminescence effect is sensitive to the thickness of the films. The paper compares the results of these studies with the study of the thermoluminescence characteristics of films irradiated by an M‐30 microtron with bremsstrahlung radiation with a maximum energy of 6 MeV. The absorbed radiation dose was 1 kGy. Differences in the luminescence characteristics of irradiated and nonirradiated films were revealed. The nature of the demonstrated structural–optical effect is discussed.
Optimizing glutamine concentration enhances ex vivo expansion of natural killer cells through improved redox status
Authors: Ying Danni , Zhang Guofeng , Huang Huimin , Tan Wen‐song , Cai Haibo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmino acids are vital components of the serum‐free medium that influence the expansion and function of NK cells. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between amino acid metabolism and expansion and cytotoxicity of NK cells. Based on analyzing the mino acid metabolism of NK‐92 cells and Design of Experiments (DOE), we optimized the combinations and concentrations of amino acids in NK‐92 cells culture medium. The results demonstrated that NK‐92 cells showed a pronounced demand for glutamine, serine, leucine, and arginine, in which glutamine played a central role. Significantly, at a glutamine concentration of 13 mM, NK‐92 cells expansion reached 161.9 folds, which was significantly higher than 55.5 folds at 2.5 mM. Additionally, under higher glutamine concentrations, NK‐92 cells expressed elevated levels of cytotoxic molecules, the level of cytotoxic molecules expressed by NK‐92 cells was increased and the cytotoxic rate was 68.42%, significantly higher than that of 58.08% under low concentration. In view of the close relationship between glutamine metabolism and intracellular redox state, we investigated the redox status within the cells. This study demonstrated that intracellular ROS levels in higher glutamine concentrations were significantly lower than those under lower concentration cultures with decreased intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio, NADPH/NADP+ ratio, and apoptosis rate. These findings indicate that NK‐92 cells exhibit improved redox status when cultured at higher glutamine concentrations. Overall, our research provides valuable insights into the development of serum‐free culture medium for ex vivo expansion of NK‐92 cells.
Tumor analysis of MMR genes in Lynch‐like syndrome: Challenges associated with results interpretation
Authors: Rofes Paula , Dueñas Núria , del Valle Jesús , Navarro Matilde , Balmaña Judith , Ramón y Cajal Teresa , Tuset Noemí , Castillo Carmen , González Sara , Brunet Joan , Capellá Gabriel , Lázaro Conxi , Pineda Marta 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundUp to 70% of suspected Lynch syndrome patients harboring MMR deficient tumors lack identifiable germline pathogenic variants in MMR genes, being referred to as Lynch‐like syndrome (LLS). Previous studies have reported biallelic somatic MMR inactivation in a variable range of LLS‐associated tumors. Moreover, translating tumor testing results into patient management remains controversial. Our aim is to assess the challenges associated with the implementation of tumoral MMR gene testing in routine workflows.MethodsHere, we present the clinical characterization of 229 LLS patients. MMR gene testing was performed in 39 available tumors, and results were analyzed using two variant allele frequency (VAF) thresholds (≥5% and ≥10%).Results and DiscussionMore biallelic somatic events were identified at VAF ≥ 5% than ≥10% (35.9% vs. 25.6%), although the rate of nonconcordant results regarding immunohistochemical pattern increased (30.8% vs. 20.5%). Interpretation difficulties question the current utility of the identification of MMR somatic hits in the diagnostic algorithm of suspected LS cases.
Characterization and impact of non‐canonical WNT signaling on outcomes of urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Meagher Margaret , Krause Harris , Elliott Andrew , Farrell Alex , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Bastos Bruno , Heath Elisabeth I. , Jamieson Christina , Stewart Tyler F. , Bagrodia Aditya , Nabhan Chadi , Oberley Matt , McKay Rana R. , Salmasi Amirali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundNon‐canonical WNT family (WNT5A pathway) signaling via WNT5A through ROR1 and its partner, ROR2, or Frizzled2 (FZD2) is linked to processes driving tumorigenesis and therapy resistance. We utilized a large dataset of urothelial carcinoma (UC) tumors to characterize non‐canonical WNT signaling through WNT5A, ROR1, ROR2, or FZD2 expression.MethodsNextGen Sequencing of DNA (592 genes or WES)/RNA (WTS) was performed for 4125 UC tumors submitted to Caris Life Sciences. High and low expression of WNT5A, ROR1, ROR2, and FZD2 was defined as ≥ top and <bottom quartile of transcripts per million (TPM), respectively. Gene expression profiles were analyzed for a transcriptional signature predictive of response to immunotherapy. Mann–Whitney U and X2/Fisher Exact tests were applied where appropriate, with p‐values adjusted for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). Real‐world overall survival (OS) was obtained from insurance claims data.ResultsWNT5A pathway gene expression varied significantly between primary versus metastatic sites: WNT5A (25.2 vs. 16.8 TPM), FZD2 (3.2 vs. 4.05), ROR1 (1.7 vs. 2.1), and ROR2 (2.4 vs. 2.6) p < 0.05 for all. Comparison of high‐ and low‐expression subgroups revealed variation in the prevalence of TP53, FGFR3, and RB1 pathogenic mutations, as well as increasing T cell‐inflamed scores as expression of the target gene increased. High gene expression for ROR2 (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.15–1.50, p < 0.001) and FZD2 (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02–1.32, p = 0.024) was associated with worse OS.ConclusionDistinct genomic and immune landscapes for the four investigated WNT5A pathway components were observed in patients with UC. External validation studies are needed.