bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No Effect of Transfer Factor on Immunodeficiency with Short‐Limbed Dwarfism
Authors: Iseki Mikiro , Bamba Masahiro , Kato Tatsuo , Kuratsuji Tadatoshi , Nakazawa Shimpel , Osano Mitsuru 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA four year old immunodeficient girl with short‐limbed dwarfism is reported and her treatment with Transfer Factor is evaluated.She was admitted to the hospital because of frequent respiratory infections and growth retardation.Physical examination revealed short stature for her age and moist rales in both lung fields. Immunological examination disclosed lymphopenia, low E‐RFC, normal EAC‐RFC, normal level of serum immunoglobulin and normal response to DTP vaccine. Negative delayed typ hypersensitivity skin reaction to PPD, Candida and SK‐SD, very low 3H‐TdR incorporation of the patient lymphocytes stimulated by PHA, PWM, ConA and alloantigens were observed. PMN function tests were normal. The diagnosis of type II immunodeficiency with short‐limbed dwarfism was established. Transfer Factor (T.F.) treatment was given for 10 weeks. The clinical picture and the immunological parameters did not change as a result of T.F. therapy.
Coronary Blood Flow Changes in Acute Left Ventricular Obstruction in Anesthetized Dogs
Authors: Lagarashi Katsuro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractShort term studies were carried out analyzing the degree of ischemia, based on coronary blood flow, associated with infravalvular obstruction in relation to increments in leftventricular peak systolic pressure overload. In these experiments a double lumen balloon catheter was placed in the infravalvular region of the left ventricle through the apex; the balloon was then inflated slowly with saline solution to make systolic pressure gradients between left ventricle and aorta gradually up to 60mmHg. There was an inverse relationship between coronary blood flow and the gradient between left ventricular peak systolicpressure(Plv)and aortic pressure (Pao); when the Plv–Pao gradient was plotted as a function of coronary blood flow a linear regression slope with a value of ‐0.3 was obtained. At a maximal Plv–Pao gradient pressure of 60mmHg, coronary blood flow decreased 20%. When coronary blood flow was plotted as a function of PLV the linear regression slope was –0.4 and as a function of Pao the value for the slope was 0.79. (P <u.05). There is also an inverse relationship between percent shortening and Plv–Pao gradient; as the latter increased, segment shortening decreased. Similarly, there was a corresponding decreased in stroke volume with the increase in left ventricular obstruction.
Hepatitis‐apalstic anemia‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A case report.
Authors: Miyata H. , Yamamoto T. , Murata R. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA 5‐year‐old boy had fever, hepatomegaly, liver function abnormalities and sever pancytopenia. After spontaneous recovery from these signs and symptomes of one month's duration, acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed.He responded well to induction therapy started with prednisolone and vincristine, and went into complete remission state. He is still in complete remission state after discontinuation of maintenance therapy with 6‐mercaptopurine continued for a period of 2 years and 3 months.
Changes in Aerobic Pharyngeal Flora Related to Parenteral Ampicillin with Particular Reference to the Emergence of Gram‐Negative Bacilli
Authors: Fujita Kozo , Yoshioka Hajime 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe pharyngeal flora was evaluated semiquantitatively by differentiating the grown colonies on blood agar plates, in 7 patients undergoing intravenous ampicillin treatment.Intravenous ampicillin in larger daily doses of 200 to 300 mg/kg caused marked changes that eradicated α‐streptococci in most cases, and gram‐negative bacilli appeared in 13 out of 14 cultures with high prevalences. Changes observed by smaller daily doses were less extensive, which indicated a does reponse reltionship. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated with high prevalences in 3 of the total of 12 cultures in the course of ampicillin.Since these changes denote suppression of the normal flora and overgrowth af ampicillin‐resistant organisms in the respiratiory tract, which potentiate the development of supernifection, expected advantages must be weighed against these undesired effects, particularly when ampicillin is prescribed for long periods and larger doses. Culture of the pharyngeal swab would be a useful guide for the check of the bacterial overgrowth.
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica in Breast‐Fed Infant
Authors: Matsuura Shinro , Yasuoka Chikai , Yamashita Fumio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA four‐month‐old male premature infant fed by mother's milk caused symptomatic zinc deficiency (acrodermatitis enteropathica). The prematurity and low zinc concentration in mother's milk were speculated as the main factors of the condition in this patient.
Development of Bile Acid Metabolism in Neonates during Perinatal Period | Part 2. Mass screening of congenital biliary atresia by radioimmunoassay using dried blood spot
Authors: Sasaki Hidekuni 
Published: October 2007

AbstratInour country, congenital biliary atresia (CBA) has occurred in approximately 1 of 10,000 live births, but its prognosis has been extremely poor. In the mass screening of this disease, glycocholic acid (GCA) or chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) level in dried blood spots on filter paper in5‐day‐old neonates was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).To determine GCA in dried blood spots on filter paper, the procedures in this experiment were modified using commercial kit for serum.The mean GCA level of controls (n=391) was 5.88±4.28 nM/ml and that of CBA (n=22) was 14.1 ±3.1 nM/ml. On the other hand the mean CDCA level of controls (n=86) was 5.86 ±3.07 pM/l disc that of CBA (n=22) was 30.0 ±35.9 pM/l disc. When the criterion is assumed to be more than 16 nM/ml of GCA level or 10 pM/l disc of CDCA level, false negative diagnoses of CBA are 31.8% and 18.2% respectively. On the other hand false positive diagnoses of CBA are 6.9% and 3.5% respectively. It was thought that false negative diagnosis on mass screening with GCA level would decrease using fresh dried blood spot within 2 weeks after taking blood.In 22 CBA cases, the GCA levels in dried blood spots on filter paper were not always parallel with the CDCA levels.
Neutralization Test by New Isolates of Human Rotavirus
Authors: Shinozaki Tatsuhiko , Araki Kazuko , Tajima Takeshi , Ushijima Hiroshi , Kim Bosu , Fujii Ryochi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThre newly isolated human rotaviruses in MA104 cells were used as antigens in the neutralization test of paired sera of infants and young children with acute gastroenteritis during three epidemic seasons. Twenty‐three of 41 paired sera (56%) from outpatients with acute gastroenteritis responded with development of NT antibody to one, two, or three antigens. Of 23 paired sera which showed significant rises of antibody to any strain, 20 paired sera (87%) responded to strain Hochi, 15 cases (65%) to strain Ito, and 16 cases (70%) to strain Nemoto. Ten of 14 cases that were seronegative to any isolated strain at onset of illness showed significant rises of antibodies to three strains. Three strains were determined to be subgroup 2 by RNA pattern and were recently found to be similar if not identical to serotype 3 and 4 by Wyatt et al. The neutralization test showed extensive immunologic cross‐reativity among these strains. The rate of acquisition of serum antibody by age was similar with the three antigens.
Growth Failure as the Presenting Symptom of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Shinohara Osamu , Morishima Akira 
Published: October 2007

AbstractShort stature is a common symptom of Crohn's disease in children, but it is rarely the chief complaint. We have encountered 5 patiȩnts whose major complaint was stunted growth and poor weight gain. Only one patient had moderately severe diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss, while the remaining patients exhibited mild abdominal symptoms elicited only by probing questions. Bone age was retarded in all. Sedimentation rate was elevated in 3 patients, and 4 had anemia. Small bowel series revealed typical findings of Crohn's disease in all. Two patients had surgical treatment, and 3 received nutritional supplement and steroid therapy.It is concluded that in the patient with stunted growth, careful history taking is essential. A work‐up to rule out inflammatory bowel disease is indicated, especially if an elevated sedimentation rate and/or anemia are present, even in the absence of clear‐cut abdominal compliants.
Autoimmunity of Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes in Japan
Authors: Hirata Yukimasa , Nakazawa Michio , Shinjo Takamichi , Nagai Naoko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper some findings concerning autoimmunity have been studied in young Japanese patients with diabetes. Patients diagnosed before 30 years old were classified carefully into new categories recommended by WHO in 1980: insulin‐dependent (IDDM), non‐insulin‐dependent (NIDDM) and other types of diabetes. HLA antigen types, islet cell antibodies (ICA) and islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were checked in the sera. HLA‐Bw54 and ‐DR4 were found in a significantly high percentage of IDDM patients, especially in those with Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes Mellitus with Special Reference to acute onset of the disease. Positivity of ICA was remarkably high in IDDM Viral Infections patients within one year after the onset, and then decreased very rapidly. ICSA had the same tendency, but the rate of decrease of positivity seemed slower than that of ICAApparent autoimmune diseases were rare among our patients, and persistent positivity of ICA was found only in a few cases. At this time we have notenough evidence concerning autoimmunity as a major cause of IDDM.
Psychological Problems in the Families of Japanese Insulin‐Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) Patients
Authors: Takaki Shunichiro , Issiki Gen , Ikuno Teruko , Aono Shigeo , Kokui Yuko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEmotional stability of insulin‐dependent diabetics is closely related to their metabolic control. We have already presented the psychological features of diabetic children at the 5 th International Beilinson Symposium. These results indicate that psychological problems are usually interactions with the patient's family. Family troubles derived from impaired interrelation are significant. From these points of view, counselling with the family based on a proper understanding of their relationship is absolutely necessary. We have had regular meetings for mothers with diabetic children in our clinic to discuss their psychological troubles. In this study we examined the frequency of poorly controlled patients in our clinic and analyzed the nature of their problems. We further summarized the opinion of family members which had been discussed in the above‐mentioned meeting. Frequency of constantly poorly controlled patient was 8.1% (3/37) in male and 16.3% (8/49) in female. We report on our method' of approach to them.
Psychological Aspects of Childhood Diabetes
Authors: Laron Zvi , Amir Shoshana , Gil Ruth , Karp Moshe , Beth‐Halachmi Zesia , Kaplan Yael , Galatzer Avinoam 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, a life‐long disease with many possible complications, has a dramatic impact upon the entire family, precipitating a state of “shock.” We have studied for 17 years various psycho‐social aspects of “having diabetes mellitus” or having “a child with diabetes mellitus” in 550 families. The findings led to changes in the therapeutic approach and structure of the treating team. The psychological problems in diabetes should be divided in 3 periods: at diagnosis (other diseases or tension existing in the family and not related to diabetes, socioeconomic state); initial adaptation period (acceptance to be “different,” adjustment to rules of control such as daily injection of insulin, self blood glucose monitoring or urine testing, changing of nutritional habits, etc.), and long‐term coping (self image, family dynamics, social activities, school achievements, vocational rehabilitation and continuing compliance). Counselling of the psychological problems is an ongoing need and is best delivered when the treating team includes psychologists and social workers. We found evidence that this approach imptoves the quality of diabetes control, permits the young diabetic to live a normal life and diminishes the development of complications.
Social Aspect of Insulin‐Dependen Diabetes Mellitus in Japan
Authors: Takeda Akira 
Published: October 2007

AbstractI investigated the problems of occupation and marriage which are two of the biggest obstacles of insulin‐treated childhood diabetics in their life in society.Diabetic Patients and Occupations: The enquiry which was conducted on 48 diabetics who participated in our Summer Camp for Diabetic Children revealed that both parents and children preferred and wanted to be engaged in medical and co‐medical occupations such as pharmacist, doctor, nurse, dietitian and so on. It also revealed that those high school students who were to choose their occupation in the near future picked out rather realistic occupations for them such as white‐collar worker, goverment officer, teacher and so on. Those who had higher education actually were engaged in medical and co‐medical occupations or such occupations which require special qualifications.Diabetic Patients and Marriage: Out of fifteen married insulin‐dependent diabetics, four were divorced simply because they were diabetics.The present research concludes that diabetics have to control themselves so that they are in such good condition as to pursue their life in society without being seized with any complications; and unless we medical staff provide positive aid for them, childhood diabetics will have much difficulty in attaining any independent life in society.
Identification and Management of Psycholocial Aspects of diabetes
Authors: Etzwiler Donnell D. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDiabetes occurring in childhood has a rapid onset frequently with severe physical consequences. This diagnosis is often difficult to accept by both the parents and the child. Kubler‐Ross has described the five stages individuals go through when they are first informed of a terminal illness and these are often mimicked in the families of children with diabetes. At first these families experience a state of disbelief: As insulin therapy is initiated, blood tests obtained, diet prescribed, etc., anger begins to build and may be expressed or more frequently withheld and pent‐up inside. Bargaining may then begin on questions such as, if I take good care of it, will it go away? If I am good will it go away, or even making commitments to God in exchange for “taking away” the disease. As the family begins to realize that the condition won't go away, they become depressed as all of the limitations and demands become apparent. Many patients and their families never progress beyond this stage. With appropriate inter‐strength and support acceptance can be achieved and the enormous burden of disease management and adaptation are lifted. An awareness and expectation of these various stages by health professionals can be of major assistance and reassurance to these patients and their families.
Deep Sensation in the Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Authors: Tokugawa Ken , Ueda Kohji 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSixty‐three deaf children with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and 61 non‐ CRS deaf children were studied for their sensations of vibration and position. Both groups showed normal responses in the sensation of vibration. However, 35 CRS and 22 non‐CRS deaf children revealed abnormal responses in the sense of position. This gave a significantly higher ratio in the CRS deaf children.
Type IIB von Willebrand's Disease: Report on the First Case in Japan
Authors: Fukui Hiromu , Yasui Motoshi , Takahashi Yukihiro , Niinomi Kou , Takase Toshio , Yoshioka Akira 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThree members of a family are reported with type IIB von Willebrand's disease (vWD), characterized by prolonged bleeding time, increased ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation, fast anodal migration of factor VIII‐related antigen on crossed immunoelectrophoresis and an absence in plasma and presence in platelets of the larger multimers of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (FVIII/vWF). Binding ability of the patient's FVIII/vWF to washed normal platelets is significantly increased in the presence of low concentrations of ristocetin, whereas binding ability of the patient's platelets to normal FVIII/vWF is not increased. These later findings are contrary to those in patients with pseudo‐vWD or platelet type vWD. The administration of DDAVP gives a shortening of bleeding time and an increase in plasma levels of factor VIII‐related activities. In addition, there is a transitory appearance of the larger multimers and a moderate diminution of the platelet count.
Allergy: Bronchial Sensitivity and Course of Asthma in Children
Authors: Teramich Yoshiaki , Kurihara Kasuyuki , Sugiuchi Masami , Nemoto Toshihiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWe conducted the study on factors affecsting progonsis of bronchial asthama, clinical course and bronchial sensitivity to acetycholine 127 children with asthma, who received acetylcholine inhalation test and were subjected to observation for at least 3 years in Kanagawa children's Medical Center. First, the children were divided into two groups on the basis of asthmatic attacks. Those without asthamatic attacks for over 2 years were classified into the remission group and those with recent asthamtic episodes, the non‐remission group. A further calssification was based on bronchial sensitivity of acetylcholine. The two groups derived were the hypersensitivity group and the low sensitivity group.The following conclusion were drawn from the long‐term onservation of the patients. 1) One‐rank change in acetylcholine threshold does not correspond to a change in bronchial sensitivity. 2) Imporovement in brochial sensittivity to acetylcholine accompanies the disapperance of asthamtic attacks. 3) Bronchial hypersensitvity to acetylcholine is maintained by the presence of asthmatic attacks. 4) Significant change in brochial sensitivity to acetylcholine does not appear within 2 years of the presence or absence of asthmatic episodes.
Allergy: The Development of Bronchial Asthma in Infancy
Authors: Mukouyama Tokuko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood eosinophils, nasal eosinophils, serum immunoglobulin G,A,M,E, allergic skin tests, RAST tests, viral antibody and secretory IgA levels were studied in one hundred asthmatic children who had had their first asthma attack before 24 months of age.Viral and bacterial infections were detected in 26 of 79 episodes of attacks. Parainfluenza was most frequently associated, and next in frequency were respiratory syncycial virus, mycoplasma pneumoniae and measles. The serum IgE and IgM level was higher than the normal range for age.In 16.9% serum IgA showed a lower level than in normal children. The allergic skin test by scratch method was positive in 47.6% to egg white, 39.7% to house dust, 44.1% to Dermatophagoides farinae. The RAST test showed similar results.Secretory IgA in saliva was examined by the method of enzyme linked immunoassay. Secretory IgA in infants with egg allergy was lower than in normal healthy children. The predisposition to the development of atopic disease with, maturationally related decreases in secretory IgA could be explained by the ingress of allergic materials.
Infection and Immunity: Neonatal Immunology
Authors: Stiehm E. Richard 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEach limb of the immune system is partially functional, partially non‐functional at the time of birth. Newborns are unusually susceptible to infection, and feeding practices, immunization schedules and certain congenital conditions are all affected by the state of the infants immune system. I shall review each of these systems.The granulocytes are slow to chemotax but can phagocytise well, and have only a modest reduction of bactericidal activity; however this latter ability may be compromised severely in the presence of stress or infection.The mononuclear phagocytes (monocytes) are also slow to chemotax, but their bactericidal and cytotoxic functions are normal. The fixed mononuclear cells may have diminished phagocytosis and killing capacity. The monocytes may also have a defect in antigen processing with decreased expression of DR antigen.Complement activity is about 25–50% of the maternal level but this is usually sufficient to prevent infection in the term infant. In the presence of prematurity complement components may be reduced sufficiently so as to produce a clinically significant opsonic deficiency. This can be corrected by plasma or gamma globulin. Certain Gram (‐) organisms need alternative complement pathway activation to affect opsonization the newborn may have decreased ability to activate this pathway.The antibody synthetic system is essentially inoperative at birth despite adequate B‐cells, as a result of intrinsic B‐cell inactivity and enhanced T‐cell suppression. Passive maternal IgG usually but not always, compensates for this deficit in the term infant. Local secretory IgA antibody synthesis is also absent for the first 6 to 8 weeks of life; this is compensated for in part by the ingestion of breast milk, The first antibody responses noted are IgA antibody responses, while IgG responses are initially sluggish and delayed. Poor IgG antibody responses to certain antigens, particularly polysaccharides, may persist for a prolonged period.Neonatal T‐cells show good recognition and proliferative responses but T‐cell cytotoxicity is compromised and certain lymphokines (e.g. MIF, immune interferon) are markedly deficient. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity is also deficient. Natural killer activity is also reduced. Thymus size and hormonalactivity is increased.Taken as a whole, the immature immune system does not have the capacity to fully respond to an invading organism, and the result is frequent, severe, and occasionally fatal infection.
Metabolism: Enzymatic Diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis and Lipidosis
Authors: Yabuuchi Hyakuji , Yutaka Tohru , Okada Shintaro 
Published: October 2007

AbstractNew radiolabeled oligosaccharides were prepared from various glycosaminogly‐cans for the purpose of diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis and glycosphingoli‐pidosis and of differentiation of enzymatic heterogeneity. Hunter syndrome hemizygote and heterozygote could be successfully diagnosed using hair roots as an enzyme source. The deficiency of galactose‐6‐sulfate sulfatase was observed in Morquio syndrome in addition to the deficiency of N‐acetyl‐galactosamine‐6‐sulfate sulfatase. Tay‐Sachs disease was diagnosed without separation of hexosaminidase using hyaluronic acid‐derived trisaccharide as sub‐strate, Trisaccharide substrate derived from keratan sulfate could be used for the diganosis of GM1‐gangliosidosis, however, it was not useful for the dif‐ferentiation of type 1 and type 2.