bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue experience and coping strategies in Taiwanese lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Yun‐Hsiang , Tsai Yun‐Fang , Lai Yeur‐Hur , Tsai Chun‐Ming 
Published: March 2008

Aims.  The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to explore fatigue levels and fatigue‐coping strategies in Taiwanese lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Background.  Lung cancer is now recognized as one of the most common cancers in Taiwan, with a high prevalence of mortality. As chemotherapy progresses, fatigue is a common cause of symptom distress.Methods.  Data on demographic and disease‐related characteristics were gathered from the medical record, and data on fatigue and coping strategies were gathered by questionnaires administered to 101 lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Results.  The mean fatigue score for the total sample was 8·0 (SD = 5·0, range = 0–20), indicating light‐to‐moderate fatigue. The majority of patients (n = 76, 75·2%) had a baseline haemoglobin level of ≤12 g/dl and a significantly greater (t = 2·7, p < 0·01) mean fatigue score (8·5 SD 4·6) than patients with haemoglobin >12 g/dl (6·2 SD 5·7). Fatigue levels were significantly higher in patients receiving a third course of chemotherapy than in those receiving a first course (F = 3·7, p = 0·03). The most commonly used management category was energy conservation (n = 659), and the most commonly used strategy was sitting (n = 101) and lying down (n = 98). However, participants rated exercise (mean = 3·9), sleep (mean = 3·8) and walking (mean = 3·6) as the most effective.Conclusion.  This study highlighted the management of fatigue problems in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, especially in respecting patients’ self‐report of fatigue‐management strategies.Relevance to clinical practice.  Health care providers should carefully assess patients for fatigue while they are receiving chemotherapy. These patients and their caregivers should be taught to notice fatigue and encouraged to choose coping strategies that reduce fatigue level, thus improving their quality of life.
Community‐based epidemiological study on breastfeeding and associated factors with respect to postpartum periods in Taiwan
Authors: Kuo Su‐Chen , Hsu Chi‐Ho , Li Chung‐Yi , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Chen Chao‐Huei , Gau Meei‐Ling , Chou Yi‐Hung 
Published: March 2008

Aims.  To explore the prevalence of breastfeeding in different geographical areas and identify the factors influencing breastfeeding practices during in‐hospital stay and at one, four and six months postpartum in Taiwan.Background.  The national data on prevalence for breastfeeding patterns are still unknown.Design.  Community‐based epidemiological survey design.Methods.  A total of 12,201 women were sampled from the birth registration and surveyed between June–October 2004. Data were collected through a computer‐assisted telephone interview at four different postpartum periods. Logistic regression modelling was applied to determine factors influencing breastfeeding patterns and postpartum time‐specific odds ratios.Results.  Rates of breastfeeding practices were 29·4, 33·2, 16·9 and 13·1% for in‐hospital stay, the first‐, fourth‐ and sixth‐month postpartum respectively. Mother's intention to breastfeed was the most important factor to lengthen breastfeeding practices over time. The effect of an advocate programme in the hospital was significantly associated with breastfeeding only at the time of in‐hospital stay. Age, family support and singleton were found to be significantly related to the continuation of breastfeeding at the fourth month postpartum. Employment status was significantly associated with the termination of breastfeeding, particularly at the later postpartum period. Geographical variation in breastfeeding practices within the first month postpartum was identified. In contrast, ethnic variation was more apparent at the later postpartum period.Conclusions.  This large‐scale study revealed a significantly decreasing trend after one month postpartum of breastfeeding rate in each geographical area of Taiwan. Factors associated with women's decision and continuation on breastfeeding patterns tended to be dependent on the time‐specific postpartum period and varied between geographical areas.Relevance to clinical practice.  If breastfeeding rates are to increase, more attention should be paid to establish early breastfeeding and counter the negative influences of factors within the social environment.
Evaluating screening performances of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire, the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence and the heavy smoking index among Taiwanese male smokers
Authors: Huang Chih‐Ling , Lin Hsi‐Hui , Wang Hsiu‐Hung 
Published: March 2008

Aim. To compare screening performances of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and the Heavy Smoking Index (HSI) with a view to determining the optimum cutoff scores using biomarkers as standards.Background. Previous studies proposed inconsistent cutoff scores for the FTQ, the FTND as signalling nicotine dependence and these scores were established by applying diverse standards.Method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used in pursuit of the study's objectives. Two hundred and forty‐five male smokers were recruited in 2005 from among those attending public health stations in southern Taiwan. The three self‐report measures of nicotine dependence were compared with the saliva cotinine and expired carbon monoxide (CO). The expired CO level was tested by means of a Micro Smokerlyzer, while salivary cotinine was analysed using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results. The areas under the ROC curves for the FTQ, the FTND and the HSI were 0·71, 0·76 and 0·76 for the salivary cotinine and 0·71, 0·79 and 0·80 for the exhaled CO respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FTND and the HSI were slightly greater than those for the FTQ. The optimum cutoff scores for the FTQ, the FTND and the HSI as screening tools to establish nicotine dependence would be 5+, 4+ and 3+ respectively.Conclusion. The results indicate that the FTND and the HSI may be more efficacious than the FTQ in assessing nicotine dependence. Further research is needed to confirm these findings, especially among female smokers and for nicotine substitution trials.Relevance to clinical practice. To decrease tobacco‐attributable morbidity and mortality, nurses and healthcare professionals need to implement effective smoking cessation interventions. The FTND and the HSI as well as their cutoff scores will be suitably used to assess nicotine dependence in these interventions.
Developing an instrument for evaluating implementation of clinical practice guidelines: a test‐retest study
Authors: Bahtsevani Christel , Willman Ania , Khalaf Azzam , Östman Margareta 
Published: March 2008

Abstract
Rationale and aims  This study focuses on the development of an instrument for the evaluation of clinical practice guidelines and is one part of a research project about the implementation and use of such guidelines among hospitals in the southern region of Sweden. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the test‐retest reliability of a questionnaire.
Method  A questionnaire was designed to gather data about guidelines that have been implemented as well as information about factors, which, according to the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS)‐model, influence the success of implementation. Thirty‐nine health professionals at one of the hospitals included in the survey completed the questionnaire on two occasions within a mean time of 5.5 weeks. The test‐retest reliability was analysed by means of Cohen's Kappa and percentage concordance.
Results  Eight items had good agreement in terms of strength and high percentage concordance. With regard to the Kappa values, 13 items show moderate and two fair agreement.
Conclusions  The test‐retest reliability scores show mainly acceptable results indicating a reasonable stability, thus suggesting the possibility of further developing the instrument. The factors described in the PARIHS‐model seem relevant for use in evaluating implementation and use of guidelines. The instrument could benefit from a revision of the language in order to enhance clarity and make it less abstract.
Characterization of an acyl‐CoA: carboxylate CoA‐transferase from Aspergillus nidulans involved in propionyl‐CoA detoxification
Authors: Fleck Christian B. , Brock Matthias 
Published: March 2008

SummaryFilamentous fungi metabolize toxic propionyl‐CoA via the methylcitrate cycle. Disruption of the methylcitrate synthase gene leads to an accumulation of propionyl‐CoA and attenuates virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus. However, addition of acetate, but not ethanol, to propionate‐containing medium strongly reduces the accumulation of propionyl‐CoA and restores growth of the methylcitrate synthase mutant. Therefore, the existence of a CoA‐transferase was postulated, which transfers the CoASH moiety from propionyl‐CoA to acetate and, thereby, detoxifying the cell. In this study, we purified the responsible protein from Aspergillus nidulans and characterized its biochemical properties. The enzyme used succinyl‐, propionyl‐ and acetyl‐CoA as CoASH donors and the corresponding acids as acceptor molecules. Although the protein displayed high sequence similarity to acetyl‐CoA hydrolases this activity was hardly detectable. We additionally identified and deleted the coding DNA sequence of the CoA‐transferase. The mutant displayed weak phenotypes in the presence of propionate and behaved like the wild type when no propionate was present. However, when a double‐deletion mutant defective in both methylcitrate synthase and CoA‐transferase was constructed, the resulting strain was unable to grow on media containing acetate and propionate as sole carbon sources, which confirmed the in vivo activity of the CoA‐transferase.
RosE represses Std fimbrial expression in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium
Authors: Chessa Daniela , Winter Maria G. , Nuccio Sean‐Paul , Tükel Çagla , Bäumler Andreas J. 
Published: March 2008

SummaryThe Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) genome contains a large repertoire of putative fimbrial operons that remain poorly characterized because they are not expressed in vitro. In this study, insertions that induced expression of the putative stdABCD fimbrial operon were identified from a random bank of transposon mutants by screening with immuno‐magnetic particles for ligand expression (SIMPLE). Transposon insertions upstream of csgC and lrhA or within dam, setB and STM4463 (renamed rosE) resulted in expression of StdA and its assembly into fimbrial filaments on the cell surface. RosE is a novel negative regulator of Std fimbrial expression as indicated by its repression of a std::lacZ reporter construct and by binding of the purified protein to a DNA region upstream of the stdA start codon. Expression of Std fimbriae in the rosE mutant resulted in increased attachment of S. typhimurium to human colonic epithelial cell lines (T‐84 and CaCo‐2). A rosE mutant exhibited a reduced ability to compete with virulent S. typhimurium for colonization of murine organs, while no defect was observed when both competing strains carried a stdAB deletion. These data suggest that a tight control of Std fimbrial expression mediated by RosE is required during host pathogen interaction.
Functional‐genomics‐based identification of genes that regulate Arabidopsis responses to multiple abiotic stresses
Authors: KANT PRAGYA , GORDON MICHAL , KANT SURYA , ZOLLA GASTON , DAVYDOV OLGA , HEIMER YAIR M. , CHALIFA‐CASPI VERED , SHAKED RUTH , BARAK SIMON 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTAbiotic stresses are a primary cause of crop loss worldwide. The convergence of stress signalling pathways to a common set of transcription factors suggests the existence of upstream regulatory genes that control plant responses to multiple abiotic stresses. To identify such genes, data from published Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress microarray analyses were combined with our presented global analysis of early heat stress‐responsive gene expression, in a relational database. A set of Multiple Stress (MST) genes was identified by scoring each gene for the number of abiotic stresses affecting expression of that gene. ErmineJ over‐representation analysis of the MST gene set identified significantly enriched gene ontology biological processes for multiple abiotic stresses and regulatory genes, particularly transcription factors. A subset of MST genes including only regulatory genes that were designated ‘Multiple Stress Regulatory’ (MSTR) genes, was identified. To validate this strategy for identifying MSTR genes, mutants of the highest‐scoring MSTR gene encoding the circadian clock protein CCA1, were tested for altered sensitivity to stress. A double mutant of CCA1 and its structural and functional homolog, LATE ELONGLATED HYPOCOTYL, exhibited greater sensitivity to salt, osmotic and heat stress than wild‐type plants. This work provides a reference data set for further study of MSTR genes.
PIGMENTED FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE OF THE TONGUE: A COMMON VARIANT OF ORAL PIGMENTATION
Authors: HOLZWANGER JAY MARC , RUDOLPH ROBERT I. , HEATON CHARLES L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Pigmented fungiform papillae of the tongue are a common, yet infrequently considered, variant of normal oral pigmentation. The clinical and histologic features of this entity are described. A random survey of 300 individuals revealed this finding in 30% of Negro women, 25% of Negro men and in several members of other deeply pigmented races. Once the condition is recognized, the clinician need not concern himself nor his patient with a long list of potentially ominous diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE IMMUNOFLUORESCENT PATTERN IN DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS
Authors: CHORZELSKI TADEUSZ P. , JABLONSKA STEFANIA 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Despite significant clinical, histologic, immunopathologic and other differences between typical cases of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and bullous pemphigoid (BP), the differential diagnosis may be difficult.Our direct immunofluorescent studies in 59 cases of DH and 134 cases of BP indicate the diagnostic value of immunopathologic studies.
PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY (PUVA) AND PSORIASIS: COMPARISON OF 8‐MOP AND 8‐MQP/5‐MOP
Authors: LANGNER A. , WOLSKA H. , KOWALSKI J. , DURALSKA H. , MURAWSKA E. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Twenty‐eight psoriatic patients received PUVA treatment (psoraien and long ultraviolet irradiations. Two preparations were used; 8‐methoxypsoralen and a mixture of 5‐methoxypsoralen and 8‐meth‐oxypsoralen. Both gave considerable improvement, but in 6 cases the lesions reappeared after 2 to 8 weeks, in spite of maintenance treatment.In this report, photochemotherapy of psoriasis was compared, using a UVA emitting lamp, 8‐MOP, and a mixture of 8–MOP and 5 methoxypsoralen (5‐MOP)1–7.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviewed in this article: MALIGNANT MELANOMA, CLINICAL AND HIS‐TOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS. Vincent J. McGovern. LA LEBBRA IN ITALIA. S. D. Randazzo, B. Guar‐neri, A. Giardina. CANCER OF THE SKIN: BIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT. Rafael Andrade, Stephen L. Gumport, George L. Popkin, Thomas D. Rees. CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. 16th Annual Revision. Marcus A. Krupp and Milton J. Chatton. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON GENITAL INFECTIONS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS. Edited by D. Danielsson, L. Juhlin, P‐A Mardh.
THE QUEENSLAND MELANOMA PROJECT
Authors: BEARDMORE GRAEME L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The fate of over 1,500 patients treated for malignant melanoma in Queensland, Australia, between 1963 and 1969 has been followed by the Queensland Melanoma Project (QMP). Aspects which have been studied and reported include yearly incidence (16 per 100,000), sex incidence (females 55%, males 45%), size of melanomas (73% less than 2.0 cm), prognosis related to sex, site and histological features, multiple primary cutaneous melanomas (more than 1 in 4.8% of patients), hereditary and immunological aspects and value of frozen section diagnosis in management. Continued education of the public and medical practitioners is essential to insure early diagnosis and appropriate management of patients with melanoma.
PUSTULAR BLASTOMYCOSIS
Authors: HASHIMOTO KEN , KAPLAN ROBERT J. , DAMAN LAUREN A. , STUART JOHN M. , BERNHARDT HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:A 53‐year‐old Negro man had North American blastomycosis with acute onset of widespread pustular eruptions. Several tests suggested that the patient might have had a deficiency of delayed hypersensitivity.
ROLE OF SOCIOCULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE CAUSE OF SCABIES
Authors: GULATI P.V. , SINGH K.P. , BRAGANZA C. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:A house‐to‐house survey for scabies was done in a semiurban area with a population of 1727 from 273 families in 253 households, to study the sociocultural and environmental factors in families with scabies. It was found that sleeping habits, overcrowding for sleeping space and sharing of clothes, towel, etc, were significantly associated with scabies. There was no significant correlation between the size of family and the number of persons infected with scabies per family. The prevalence of scabies within the families was almost the same either with good hygiene, satisfactory hygiene or unsatisfactory hygiene. The factors significantly associated with the disease were observed to be more frequent among Christian families than among Hindus and were thought to be responsible for higher prevalence of the disease within the Christian families.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OE HUMAN PEDICULOSIS IN ETHIOPIA. L. L. Sholdt, M. L. Holloway, W. D. Fonk. DERMATOLOGY. Hans Rorsman. Second Edition TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS Manuel R. Gomez, M.D. DERMATOLOGY UPDATE: REVIEWS EOR PHYSICIANS, 1979 EDITION. Samuel L. Moschella, M.D., Editor in Chief.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: CLINICAL METHODS IN DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY. 2nd ed. J. S. Pasricha. THE 1979 YEAR BOOK OF DERMATOLOGY. Richard L. Dobson, M.D. GENETIC DISORDERS AMONG THE JEWISH PEOPLE. Richard M. Goodman THE GENETICS OF THE JEWS. A. E. Mourant, A. C. Kopeć and K. Domaniewska‐Sobczak.
Liver Biopsies in Psoriatics Complications and Evaluation
Authors: Creswell S. N. , Burrows D. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT: Thirty‐one liver biopsies were performed on twenty‐two psoriatics on treatment or considered for treatment with methotrexate. Three developed serious morbidity after biopsy. Of twenty‐one attempted pre‐methotrexate biopsies, four were abnormal, and one failed. Five of ten post‐methotrexate biopsies were abnormal. Histological abnormalities were mild and cirrhosis was not seen.Liver function tests were not found to be a reliable indicator of hepatic damage and it is felt that in spite of our relatively high complication rate, liver biopsy is a useful method for monitoring liver damage due to methotrexate and should be performed.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: OFFICE TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSING SKIN DISEASE. William H. Eaglstein, David M. Pariser. GENETIC DISEASES OF THE SKIN. V. M. Der Kaloustian and A. K. Kurban. TECHNIQUES IN SKIN SURGERY. Ervin Epstein and Ervin Epstein, Jr. MORPHOLOGICAL DERMATOLOGY. Robert Jackson, M.D. LEPROSY. Anthony Bryceson and Roy E. Pfaltzgraff.
Diagnosis of Neurotic Excoriations
Authors: Fruensgaard Kjeld , Hjortshøj Anders 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The diagnosis of neurotic excoriations (n.ex.) is evaluated on the background of a multifactorial controlled investigation, covering 68 patients with the primary form of this disease. Demographic, dermatologic, and clinical psychiatric characteristics of n.ex. may be exclusive but in far the greatest number of cases can only be recognized by “broad‐spectrum” evaluation of anamnestic and clinical data. Patch testing seems to be the most relevant supplementary laboratory test, while determination of IgE in serum can have a directive value.
Bachelor Scurvy
Authors: Connelly Thomas J. , Becker Andera , McDonald John W. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Scurvy occurred in an elderly man with fatigue, dyspnea on exertion, and extensive ecchymoses and brawny edema of the legs. Platelet count, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplasm time were normal, but serum ascorbic acid level was very low. Other signs considered to be classic and almost pathognomonic for were absent: bleeding gums, hyperkeratotic follicles, coiled hairs, and perifollicular hermorrhages. Reliance on these well‐known feature of scurvy may obscure or delay diagnosis of an easily curved disorder. Severe scurvy is most commonly suggested by tenderness, extensive ecchymoses, and brawny edema of the lower extremities.
Book Reviews
Authors: BEERMAN HERMAN 
Published: March 2008

Book reviews in this article: PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY—NEW DIRECTIONS IN THERAPY. William P. Coleman III and Elizabeth I. McBurney. RECENT ADVANCES IN DERMATOLOGY—NUMBER 5. Arthur Rook and John Savin, Editors. MANUAL OF DERMATOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. Jeffrey P. Callen, Marek A. Stawiski, and John J. Voorhees, with a foreword by Walter B. Shelley. EXPERIMENTAL SKIN GRAETS AND TRANSPLANTATION IMMUNITY. Donald L. Ballantyne and John Marquis Converse. DERMATOLOGY: PROCEEDINGS OE THE XV INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OE DERMATOLOGY. Antonio Gonzalez‐Ochoa, Luciano Dominguez‐Soto, Yolanda Ortiz, eds. HOW TO WRITE AND PUBLISH A SCIENTIEIC PAPER. Robert A. Day. CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. M. A. Krupp, M.D., and M. J. Chatton, M.D.
Prognostic Implications of Cutaneous Immunoglobulin Deposits In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bernstein Joel E. , Soltani Keyoumars , Cristancho Nersa , Aronson Andrew J. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:The class of immunoglobulin (Ig) deposited at the dermal‐epidermal junction (DEI) of the skin in patients With systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been proposed to have prognostic implications. The authors studied disease activity in 51 SLE patients with a positive lupus band. Patients with cutaneous IgM deposits had significantly more severe disease than those with only IgG or with mixed immunoglobulin deposits. While their data suggest an association between IgM depostis, severe disease and a poor prognosis, they urge caution in utilizing Ig deposits as a prognostic indicator.
Pellagra Probably Due to Pyrazinamide: Development during Combined Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis
Authors: Jørgensen Jørgen 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Pellagra secondary to antituherculous chemotherapy can result from isoniazide therapy, as well as from pyrazinamide treatment. Because of the similarity in strucutral formulas between pyrazinamide, isoniazide, and nicotinamide, the substrate competition is the mechanism most likely involved. The patient was cured by administration of nicotinamide during continued unchanged chemotherapy of her tuberculosis.
A Surgical Approach for Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra
Authors: Kauh Young C. , McDonald John W. , Rapaport Jeffrey A. , Ruschak Paul J. , Luscombe Herbert A. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) is a disorder commonly encountered in the adult black population. We describe 20 cases of clinicopathologically confirmed DPN cases treated with light abrasive curettage without local anesthesia. We found this procedure to be an effective therapy, which did not cause postoperative scarring or significant postoperative pigmentary change.
Scabies and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ting H. C. , Wang F. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACT:There is little information in the literature concerning scabies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Scabies in our five patients appeared to be more severe than usual, and two of them developed crusted scabies, probably on an immunologic basis.