bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning, thinking, sharing, and working across boundaries in fisheries science
Authors: Cooke Steven J , Arlinghaus Robert 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Fisheries science and practice are challenging and require learning, thinking, and sharing across boundaries. The idea of boundary crossing can be described as some form of multiple disciplinarity (e.g. interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity), yet that inherently implies that the boundaries crossed are purely disciplinary in nature. After working across various other boundaries (i.e. realms, regions, disciplines, sectors, domains, and knowledge systems) for most of our educational journeys and professional careers, we reflect on our lived experiences with a focus on identifying the benefits and challenges of engaging in different types of boundary crossing. We submit that our personal and professional lives have been enriched by stepping outside of our immediate comfort zones and expertise (i.e. fish ecology) and engaging in active listening and learning with colleagues in other disciplines (i.e. various social sciences) and with stakeholders and policymakers. We have learned much from working across boundaries and encourage others, especially early career professionals, to do the same. What may superficially appear to be a bridge too far may in fact provide novel ways of thinking about a given issue or topic that generates actionable science for sustainable fisheries management and conservation. Many of the projects that we consider to be our greatest successes represent ones that involved boundary crossing, examples of which we provide in this essay. There is a need to prepare the next generation of problem solvers for engaging in boundary crossing and celebrating examples of where such efforts have led to meaningful advances in fisheries science and practice. Ensuring that institutional and cultural barriers that may constrain boundary crossing are addressed while also supporting those doing such work will be key to address the many fisheries and aquatic science challenges of today and tomorrow in both marine and freshwater systems.
Alcohol consumption and the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality—a linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Kassaw Nigussie Assefa , Zhou Ang , Mulugeta Anwar , Lee Sang Hong , Burgess Stephen , Hyppönen Elina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Many observational studies support light-to-moderate alcohol intake as potentially protective against premature death. We used a genetic approach to evaluate the linear and nonlinear relationships between alcohol consumption and mortality from different underlying causes.

Methods
We used data from 278 093 white-British UK Biobank participants, aged 37–73 years at recruitment and with data on alcohol intake, genetic variants, and mortality. Habitual alcohol consumption was instrumented by 94 variants. Linear Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted using five complementary approaches, and nonlinear MR analyses by the doubly-ranked method.

Results
There were 20 834 deaths during the follow-up (median 12.6 years). In conventional analysis, the association between alcohol consumption and mortality outcomes was ‘J-shaped’. In contrast, MR analyses supported a positive linear association with premature mortality, with no evidence for curvature (Pnonlinearity ≥ 0.21 for all outcomes). The odds ratio [OR] for each standard unit increase in alcohol intake was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–1.39) for all-cause mortality, 1.30 (95% CI 1.10–1.53) for cardiovascular disease, 1.20 (95% CI 1.08–1.33) for cancer, and 2.06 (95% CI 1.36–3.12) for digestive disease mortality. These results were consistent across pleiotropy-robust methods. There was no clear evidence for an association between alcohol consumption and mortality from respiratory diseases or COVID-19 (1.32, 95% CI 0.96–1.83 and 1.46, 95% CI 0.99–2.16, respectively; Pnonlinearity ≥ 0.21).

Conclusion
Higher levels of genetically predicted alcohol consumption had a strong linear association with an increased risk of premature mortality with no evidence for any protective benefit at modest intake levels.
Novel resveratrol smart lipids; design, formulation, and biological evaluation of anticancer activity
Authors: Diab Reem Fekry , Abdelghany Tamer M , Gad Shadeed , Elbakry Asmaa M 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Although resveratrol (RES) is an efficacious molecule, its therapeutic activity is impeded by significant limitations, such as rapid oral absorption, poor oral bioavailability, and low water solubility. Therefore, the preparation of RES in different pharmaceutical carriers represents an important tool to enhance its therapeutic applications. This study aims to potentiate the anti-cancer activity of RES by formulating it into a novel nanocarrier called Smart Lipid.

Methods
RES-loaded Smart Lipids were prepared by high-shear hot homogenization method utilizing a 21 × 32 factorial design with three factors at different levels: the total lipid concentration, the concentration of surfactant, and the type of surfactant. The responses were evaluated based on entrapment efficiency percentages and particle size.

Results
Our novel optimized RES-loaded Smart Lipid formula showed small particle size (288.63 ± 5.55 nm), good zeta potential (−16.44 ± 0.99 mV), and an entrapment efficiency of 86.346 ± 3.61% with spherical, clearly distinct, and no signs of fusion by transmission electron microscopy. Further characterization was done using differential scanning calorimetry, which showed no interaction between the drug and other components as the optimum lyophilized formula showed a peak at 54.75°C, which represents the lipid mixture, with an undetectable characteristic peak of the drug, which indicates entrapment of the drug, and the structure of the compounds was confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, in which the majority of the drug’s characteristic peaks disappeared when loaded into Smart Lipid, which may indicate Smart Lipid’s ability to reduce the stretching and bending between bonds in RES. In addition, the optimized formula showed a sustained release pattern compared to RES suspension. Finally, the cytotoxic activity of the optimized RES-loaded Smart Lipid on different cell lines (human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and human colon cancer cells (HT29)) was assessed through MTT assay (7-fold reduction in the IC50, from 3.7 ± 0.5 μM for free RES to 0.5 ± 0.033 μM for Smart Lipid loaded formula against MCF7, 3-fold reduction in the IC50 against HepG2 cells, from 10.01 ± 0.35 to 3.16 ± 0.21 μMm, and a more than 10-fold reduction in the IC50 from more than 100 to 10 ± 0.57 μM against HT-29 cells) and its effect on cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were assessed using flow cytometry and annexin V kit, respectively. Our results showed that RES-loaded Smart Lipid significantly reduced cell viability, induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and apoptosis compared to free formula and free RES suspension.

Conclusion
Loading RES into this novel kind of nanocarrier enhanced RES absorption, cellular accumulation, and improved its anticancer properties.
Critical Historical Geography
Authors: Clayton Dan 
Published: March 2024

This is an interesting entry to compile in that while most work in historical geography—the subdiscipline of geography concerned with the past and its relations with the present—might now be called “critical historical geography,” the term is scarcely defined. Its story involves changing geographies of environmental and social change (encompassing problems of capitalism, modernity, empire, nation, globalization, violence, and planetary peril, to name just the most prominent) and thus serves as a commentary on changing times and current predicaments from a specific (if eclectic) area of inquiry. This story has been integral to the journey of “critical geography” over the last sixty years: to fostering recognition that the questions and things the geographer studies are bound up with the past and have a history. Geographical interest in the past is not the preserve of historical geography (the boundaries of the subdiscipline are porous), and not all work referenced in this bibliography comes from researchers who identify themselves as historical geographers. Our term shall be annotated in three (overlapping) ways: to denote, first, work in historical geography that is informed by theory and philosophy (especially questions of power, knowledge, representation, materiality, identity, memory, difference, and human-animal-nature linkages) and has a normative concern not simply with understanding the world but also with trying to change it for the better; second, wider theoretical debates that have grappled with how questions of geography and space are critical (vital) to understanding time and history, and vice versa; and third, historical geographers’ instinctive sensitivity to methodological questions and how the times and spaces in which they live and work influence what they do—and with “the archive” a key material and social entity and relation (object, site, practice, and way of seeing and knowing). A general overview of this tripartite definition is followed by more detailed commentaries on the three facets, which are given the section headings “Critical of . . .”; “Critical to . . .”; and “Critical Reflexivity . . .” With over one hundred references, the first section is the mainstay of the entry. It recounts the growing and changing scope of critical historical geography by decade and theme (albeit with some intersecting threads), and chronicles from where new and different interests and bodies of work emanate. In all, the following attempt to “curate” this entry is just that: a selective and subjective story, a construct.
Phagocyte-expressed glycosaminoglycans promote capture of alphaviruses from the blood circulation in a host species-specific manner
Authors: Ander Stephanie E , Parks M Guston , Davenport Bennett J , Li Frances S , Bosco-Lauth Angela , Carpentier Kathryn S , Sun Chengqun , Lucas Cormac J , Klimstra William B , Ebel Gregory D , Morrison Thomas E 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The magnitude and duration of vertebrate viremia are critical determinants of arbovirus transmission, geographic spread, and disease severity—yet, mechanisms determining arbovirus viremia levels are poorly defined. Previous studies have drawn associations between in vitro virion-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) interactions and in vivo clearance kinetics of virions from blood circulation. From these observations, it is commonly hypothesized that GAG-binding virions are rapidly removed from circulation due to ubiquitous expression of GAGs by vascular endothelial cells, thereby limiting viremia. Using an in vivo model for viremia, we compared the vascular clearance of low and enhanced GAG-binding viral variants of chikungunya, eastern- (EEEV), and Venezuelan- (VEEV) equine encephalitis viruses. We find GAG-binding virions are more quickly removed from circulation than their non-GAG-binding variant; however individual clearance kinetics vary between GAG-binding viruses, from swift (VEEV) to slow removal from circulation (EEEV). Remarkably, we find phagocytes are required for efficient vascular clearance of some enhanced GAG-binding virions. Moreover, transient depletion of vascular heparan sulfate impedes vascular clearance of only some GAG-binding viral variants and in a phagocyte-dependent manner, implying phagocytes can mediate vascular GAG-virion interactions. Finally, in direct contrast to mice, we find enhanced GAG-binding EEEV is resistant to vascular clearance in avian hosts, suggesting the existence of species-specificity in virion-GAG interactions. In summary, these data support a role for GAG-mediated clearance of some viral particles from the blood circulation, illuminate the potential of blood-contacting phagocytes as a site for GAG-virion binding, and suggest a role for species-specific GAG structures in arbovirus ecology.
Tocilizumab discontinuation after remission achievement in patients with adult-onset Still’s disease
Authors: Tamai Hiroya , Kondo Yasushi , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Kaneko Yuko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Tocilizumab, an IL-6 inhibitor, has been proven effective in patients with adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD). This study aimed to clarify whether tocilizumab can be discontinued after achieving remission and to identify factors relevant to its successful discontinuation.

Methods
Consecutive patients with AOSD diagnosed according to Yamaguchi's criteria from April 2012 to July 2022, who were treated with tocilizumab, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results
Forty-eight patients with AOSD treated with intravenous tocilizumab, with sufficient information, were included. Thirty-eight patients (79.2%) achieved remission after 6 months of tocilizumab treatment, 12 of whom discontinued tocilizumab during remission. Within 1 year after tocilizumab discontinuation, six patients (50.0%) recurred at a mean of 5.5 months, while the other six (50.0%) remained in remission. Between the non-recurrence and recurrence groups, no difference was found in disease activity at tocilizumab discontinuation (systemic feature score, P = 0.24; ferritin, P = 0.46). While the duration of tocilizumab use was not different (P = 0.32), the interval of tocilizumab administration at tocilizumab discontinuation in the recurrence group was 21 (14–35) days, which tended to be shorter than 35 (28–53) days in the non-recurrence group (P = 0.08). Patients with prednisolone dose &lt;7 mg/day at last tocilizumab treatment had fewer recurrences than those without (P = 0.001). After recurrence, tocilizumab was resumed in half of the patients, resulting in successful disease control.

Conclusions
The recurrence rate after tocilizumab discontinuation was 50% in 1 year. Patients who remained in remission with a longer interval of tocilizumab administration and lower prednisolone dose were likely to succeed in the withdrawal of tocilizumab.
Reconstruction of Plantar Forefoot Area with Lateral Toe Pulp Flap: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Hung Chen-Ting , Lee Jiunn-Tat , Wu Meng-Si , Cheng Li-Fu 
Published: March 2024

Summary:
Reconstruction of the plantar forefoot area is challenging because it performs important functions, including carrying the body weight and balancing the ambulation gait, and lacks similar skin and soft tissues to manage the adjacent region. Herein, we shared our experience of using a lateral toe pulp flap and reviewed the relevant literature on this topic. A 33-year-old man presented with a large granuloma in the left plantar forefoot area after undergoing multiple operations owing to the diagnosis of callus. After tumor excision, the wound exhibited tendon exposure and a large infected dead space in the myofascial layer. After serial debridement with negative pressure wound therapy, the wound, which measured ~3.5 × 2.5 cm2, was reconstructed using a lateral toe pulp flap. The flap was transposed to obliterate the dead space; the remaining skin defect (size: ~2 × 2 cm2) was resurfaced with a full-thickness skin graft, harvested from the left inguinal region, followed by primary closure of the flap donor site. The flap completely survived. The lateral toe pulp flap is an easy, effective, and reliable option for reconstruction of the defects in the plantar forefoot area.
A Holistic Ecosystem for Clinical Protocols and Trials Management
Authors: Christopoulou Stella C. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThe proposed Holistic Ecosystem for clinical Protocols and Trials Management (clinicalNET) project aims to establish a human and technical network of healthcare researchers, business partners, and stakeholders. The consortium will include specialists from various fields, including healthcare management, medicine, computer engineering, marketing, publishing, and public relations. The project will design and implement a semantically enabled information system for representing data and knowledge gathered during clinical trials. The clinicalNET project will define specifications for healthcare management services and knowledge engineering techniques, creating an intelligent collaborative web tool for information production and provision in healthcare. It will follow EU health policies and promote participation from leading researchers, stakeholders, and organizations. The clinicalNET will provide a health holistic ecosystem approach with open standards, trusted networks, and co-creator networks.
Change in Striatal Functional Connectivity Networks Across Two Years Due to Stimulant Exposure in Childhood ADHD: Results from the ABCD Sample
Authors: Kaminski Adam , Xie Hua , Hawkins Brylee , Vaidya Chandan J. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTWidely prescribed for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate) have been studied for their chronic effects on the brain in prospective designs controlling dosage and adherence. While controlled approaches are essential, they do not approximate real-world stimulant exposure contexts where medication interruptions, dosage non-compliance, and polypharmacy are common. Brain changes in real-world conditions are largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we capitalized on the observational design of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to examine effects of stimulants on large-scale bilateral cortical networks’ resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) with 6 striatal regions (left and right caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens) across two years in children with ADHD. Bayesian hierarchical regressions revealed associations between stimulant exposure and change in rs-FC of multiple striatal-cortical networks, affiliated with executive and visuo-motor control, which were not driven by general psychotropic medication. Of these connections, three were selective to stimulants versus stimulant naive: reduced rs-FC between caudate and frontoparietal network, and between putamen and frontoparietal and visual networks. Comparison with typically developing children in the ABCD sample revealed stronger rs-FC reduction in stimulant-exposed children for putamen and frontoparietal and visual networks, suggesting a normalizing effect of stimulants. 14% of stimulant-exposed children demonstrated reliable reduction in ADHD symptoms, and were distinguished by stronger rs-FC reduction between right putamen and visual network. Thus, stimulant exposure for a two-year period under real-world conditions modulated striatal-cortical functional networks broadly, had a normalizing effect on a subset of networks, and was associated with potential therapeutic effects involving visual attentional control.
The Association of Advanced Care Planning and Good Death in Palliative Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Thailand
Authors: Tungjitviboonkun Songphol 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of treatment for elderly AML patients is palliative care rather than curative chemotherapy. Advanced care planning (ACP) plays a crucial role in good death. However, the factors associated with ACP and good death have not been well described.ObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the association between advanced care planning and the outcome of good death in elderly AML patients.MethodAML patients aged ≥60, who received less intensive treatment from August 2020 to December 2021, were interviewed and prospectively followed. All clinical data and potential factors related to ACP and good death were collected.ResultsSeventeen AML patients were included during the study period. The median age was 73 years (range 63-88). Twenty-five patients had passed away, with a median survival of 5.5 months. Thirteen patients had undergone ACP. Among them, twelve patients with ACP had passed away, and all had achieved good death, while six out of fifteen in the non-ACP group had achieved good death (p=0.003). Two-thirds of the ACP group initially expected to live for a year when undergoing ACP but later revised their expectations downward. In the non-ACP group, only two patients who achieved a good death were aware that AML would be the cause of death, whereas five out of six in the non-good death group were not aware of it. However, it was found that prognosis understanding alone did not correlate with successful end-of-life care. No other significant factors associated with patient outcomes were identified. Factors associated with the initiation of ACP discussions included decreased platelet count and increased blast count from baseline. Palliative performance status was not predictive when assessed too late. The median time from palliative consultation to death was 3.5 months, which appeared sufficient for patient preparation.ConclusionThe key factor associated with good death was the initiation of ACP discussions with the patient. Decreased platelet count and increased blast count from baseline could serve as warning signs.
Ischemic cerebral lesions after Carotid Stenting versus Carotid Endarterectomy: A Systematic review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Loufopoulos Georgios , Manaki Vasiliki , Tasoudis Panagiotis , Meintanopoulos Andreas Stylianos , Kouvelos George , Ntaios George , Spanos Konstantinos 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated similar outcomes in terms of ischemic stroke incidence after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) in asymptomatic carotid disease, while CEA seems to be the first option for symptomatic carotid disease. The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess incidence of silent cerebral microembolization detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) following these procedures.MethodsA systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases including comparative studies involving symptomatic or asymptomatic patients undergoing either CEA or CAS, and reporting on new cerebral ischemic lesions in post-operative MRI. The primary outcome was the newly detected cerebral ischemic lesions. Pooled effect estimates for all outcomes were calculated using the random-effects model. Pre-specified random effects meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to examine the impact of moderator variables on the presence of new cerebral ischemic lesions.Results25 studies reporting on total 1827 CEA and 1500 CAS interventions fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The incidence of new cerebral ischemic lesions was significantly lower after CEA comparing to CAS, regardless of the time of MRI assessment (first 24 hours; OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.17-0.64, p<0.001), (the first 72 hours, OR: 0.25, 95% CI 0.18-0.36, p<0.001), (generally within a week after the operation; OR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.17-0.34, p<0.001). Also, the rate of stroke (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23-0.63, p<0.001) and the presence of contralateral new cerebral ischemic lesions (OR: 0.16, 95% CI 0.08-0.32, p<0.001) were less frequent after CEA. Subgroup analysis based on the study design and the use of embolic protection device during CAS showed consistently lower rates of new lesions after CEA.ConclusionsCEA demonstrates significant lower rates of new silent cerebral microembolization, as detected by MRI in postoperative period, compared to CAS.