bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracavitary bleomycin and tetracycline in the management of malignant pleural effusions: A randomized study
Authors: Kessinger Anne , Wigton Robert S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBoth bleomycin and tetracycline have been suggested as the sclerosing agent of choice in the management of malignant pleural effusions. To determine if one drug is superior to the other in this role, patients with malignant pleural effusions were randomly assigned to receive either bleomycin or tetracylcine in the previously evacuated pleural space through a thoracostomy tube. Following instillation of the assigned agent, the tube was clamped for 8 hours and then reattached to suction. When the chest tube drainage had slowed to less than 40 ml in a 24‐hour period or if 7 days had passed, the tube was removed. Pleural sclerosis was attempted 42 times in 34 patients. No statistically significant differences were found between the two treatment groups when prevention of effusion reaccumulation and time to removal of the chest tube (efficiency) were compared. Side effects including pleural pain and fever, occurred with both agents, but were manageable. Since one drug was not clearly superior to the other, and bleomycin is more costly, we suggest that tetracycline rather than bleomycin be used when pleural sclerosis is needed to manage malignant pleural effusions.
Surgical treatment of intestinal radiation injury
Authors: Mäkelä Jyrki , Nevasaari Kaisu , Kairaluoma Matti I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA review of 43 consecutive patients requiring operation for serious intestinal radiation injury was undertaken to elucidate the efficacy of surgical treatment. The most common site of radiation injury was the rectum (19 cases), followed by the small bowel (13 cases), the colon (7 cases), and the combination of these (4 cases). The overall operative mortality was 14%; morbidity, 47%; and the postoperative symptom‐free period, 18 ± 30 months. Colostomy (N = 20) carried the lowest risk of mortality, 0%, as compared with resection (N = 17) and bypass procedure (N = 6), which were accompanied by the mortalities of 24% and 33%, respectively. During the follow‐up (3–13 years) 12 patients (28%) died or recurrent cancer and 9 patients (21%) of persistent radiation injury, which yielded an overall mortality of 65% after resection and 50% and 65% after bypass and colostomy procedures, respectively. Continuing radiation damage led to 15 late reoperations. Ten of these were performed after colostomy, four after resection, and one after bypass. We conclude that colostomy cannot be regarded as a preferred operative method, because it does not prevent the progression of radiation injury and because it is, for this reason, associated with a higher late‐complication‐rate. A more radical surgery is recommended but with the limitation that the operative method must be adapted to the operative finding.
Primate endocrine function after pancreatico‐duodenal‐splenic allotransplantation
Authors: Du Toit Don F. , Heydenrych Jacobus J. , Smit Ben , Louw Gabriel , Zuurmond Theuns , Els Daniel , Weideman André , Wolfe‐Coote Sonja , Toit Lorraine Du , Gonin René , Davids Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this study the endocrine function following intraperitoneal hetero‐ and orthotopic pancreatico‐duodenal‐splenic allotransplantation (PDS) in hemipancreatectomized, non‐immune‐suppressed chacma baboons was assessed. Significantly reduced K‐values and insulin release together with glucose intolerance during IVGTT were observed in hemipancreatectomized recipients (HPS) without grafts. Orthotopic and heterotopic PDS transplantation improved the glucose intolerance of HPS recipients; orthotopically sited grafts rendering the best curves. Normal glucose tolerance was not achieved. Both orthotopic and heterotopic PDS transplantation rendered suboptimal insulin release during IVGTT; heterotopically draining grafts released significantly more insulin than orthotopic grafts. Hyperglucagonaemia during IVGTT was a constant feature in both groups, heterotopic grafts releasing the most glucagon during stimulation. C‐peptide release was significantly lower in orthotopic grafts compared to normal animals or heterotopically drained insulin. It is concluded that glucose tolerance was not directly related to insulin or glucagon release in this study as orthotopic grafts rendered near‐normal IVGTT curves in the presence of hypoinsulinaemia, hyperglucagonaemia, and reduced C‐peptide values. The hormonal response after PDS transplantation was variable and the advantages of portal vs systemic insulin drainage remain to be defined.
Improved survival of patients with stage II melanoma of the extremity using hyperthermic isolation perfusion with 1‐phenylalanine mustard
Authors: Hartley Jack W. , Fletcher William S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1964 and 1983, 65 patients with Stage II extremity melanoma were treated in a nonrandomized fashion with wide local excision, lymph node dissection, and hyperthermic perfusion with 1‐phenylalanine mustard at 1.0–1.5 mg/kg. Southwest Oncology Group Stage II criteria were used, including IIA (node positive), IIB/C (recurrent local/regional), or both. During the study interval, literature reports of 5‐year survival for Stage II melanoma ranged from 6% to 50% and averaged approximately 26% to 30%. In this study group, 40% of patients had recurrent disease confined to regional lymph nodes, 33% had recurrent cutaneous disease, and 26% had recurrent disease in both locations. Survival for all Stage II patients at 5 years was 56.6%, and 40% at 10 years. When recurrent disease was confined to regional nodes only (IIA), survival at 5 years was 70.5%, and 40% at 10 years. Survival for patients with Stage IIB/C disease at 5 and 10 years was 58% and 43.7%. When recurrent melanomà was present in both skin and nodes, 5‐year survival was 29%. The present study indicates that aggressive treatment of Stage II extremity melanoma, which includes hyperthermic isolation perfusion, can prolong survival in these high‐risk patients.
Mesenteric artery embolization by an unsuspected aortic tumor: Diagnostic evaluation and operative management
Authors: Guyton Daniel P. , Grosen Elizabeth , Al‐Moasses Ghassan , Archer Bernard , York Charles , Peralta Modesto , Schreiber Helmut , Foulis Philip 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMalignant tumor embolus recovered at the time of superior mesenteric artery embolectomy is an uncommon experience. A report of such a case is presented and the literature is reviewed. In this clinical setting, guidelines for further diagnostic evaluation are not well defined. We suggest an algorithm for the evaluation and management of these patients. In the near future, use of intraoperative angioscopy and the intravascular laser to eradicate the tumor may represent the optimal method of treatment.
Adjuvant treatment of malignant melanoma with DTIC + estracyt or BCG
Authors: Karakousis Constantine P. , Emrich Lawrence J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEighty‐two patients with invasive malignant melanoma and no distant metastases were prospectively randomized following their surgical treatment to 1) observation; 2) chemotherapy with Dacarbazine (DTIC) 200 mg/M2 I. V. daily x5 every 4 weeks and Estracyt 15 mg/kg orally daily for 1 year; and 3) immunotherapy with TICE BCG 1 ml to an area of scarification near the primary site, every 4 weeks for 1 year. At a median follow‐up of 73.4 months 31 patients (38%) have relapsed. There was no significant difference in survival according to the treatment, but a weak effect on the course of the disease by either of the treatment protocols cannot be ruled out due to the small sample of patients. Survival and disease‐free interval varied significantly according to the histologic status of the regional nodes. The estimated 5‐year disease‐free rate of patients with negative nodes was 85% and for those with positive nodes it was 35% (P <0.0001).
A genetic influence on alveolar cell carcinoma
Authors: Paul Sindy M. , Bacharach Benjamin , Goepp Carla 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnalysis of three siblings with alveolar carcinoma is presented. HLA markers were performed on the index cases and on a normal sibling control. The three affected patients shared HLA‐A 28, which was absent in the control sibling. A familial recessive trait may have contributed to the development of alveolar cell carcinoma in this family. This family represents the first reported group of three siblings with alveolar carcinoma.
Flow cytometric analysis for assessing the malignant potential of breast cancer
Authors: Abe Rikiya , Ueki Hamaichi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFlow cytometric analysis was performed on 60 patients with breast cancer to investigate the relationship between DNA histogram and the malignant potential of breast cancer. DNA aneuploidy of breast cancer tended to increase with increasing stage and degree of nodal metastasis. The percent of cells in the S phase was significantly increased in the patients with metastasis compared to those without metastasis. Patients exhibiting percent S phase value of more than 20% showed a high frequency of metastasis even when breast tumors were small (T1, < 2.0 cm in diameter). Thus, flow cytometric analysis may give additional information on biological characteristics and may be useful for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer in some patients.
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas presenting as gastric carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and ultrastructural findings
Authors: Cresson David H. , Reddick Robert L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinicopathologic and ultrastructural features of a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas presenting initially as gastric carcinoma are described. By light microscopy, the tumor contained cellular patterns similar to those present in tumors of mesenchymal origin. Spindle cell areas arranged in a storiform pattern were present. Ultrastructurally, bundles of cytoplasmic microfilaments were present in the cell cytoplasm and were similar in distribution to those found on fine structural examination in tumors of mesenchymal origin. Rows of desmosomes were found between cells supporting an epithelial origin for this tumor. Following initial therapy, metastatic tumor produced polypoid lesions in the small intestine resulting in recurrent small bowel intussuceptions. Our findings indicate that sarcomatoid carcinoma of the pancreas, by both light and ultrastructural examination, is a heterogenous tumor at the cellular level and may be a cause of repeated intussuception when intraluminal compromise occurs.
Preoperative chemotherapy for fungating breast cancer
Authors: Kumar Anand , Shah L. L. , Khanna Sushila , Khanna N. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThirty cases of fungating breast cancer (stages III and IV) were treated preoperatively by combination chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide (Endoxan), methotrexate, 5‐fluorouracil, and prednisone. Mastectomy was performed after 2 cycles of preoperative chemotherapy followed by 6 more cycles postoperatively. Of 30 patients, 25 (83.3%) were made operable and had better disease‐free survival. Preoperative chemotherapy has an advantage as regards improvement in quality and longevity without much toxicity, and provides a better palliation.
Phase II evaluation of sequential hepatic artery infusion of 5‐fluorouracil and hepatic irradiation in metastatic colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Miller Robin L. , Bukowski Ronald M. , Andresen Steve , Gahbauer R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐seven patients with measurable with measurable liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma were entered on a protocol of intermittent hepaticartery infusion (HAI) of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) followed by consolidation with hepatic irradiation. Five partial responses were observed in 23 evaluable patients. Median duration of response was 3.5 months. A response was evident after chemotherapy alone in four of five responders. Hepatic irradiation converted one patient with stable disease after chemotherapy to a partial responder. Median survival for all patients was 9.0 months (range 1.5–34.0). Combined modality treatment with HAI of 5‐FU followed hepatic irradiation was well tolerated but did not appear to be synergistic.
Inhibition of macrophage‐ and neutrophil‐mediated cytotoxicity by verapamil
Authors: Cameron Deborah J. , Majeski James A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPeripheral blood monocyte‐derived macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) obtained from normal donors kill tumor cells in vitro. However, if verapamil is added to the macrophages or neutrophil tumor cell suspensions in microgram concentrations (0.1 μg to 0.1 mg), there is marked inhibition of tumor cell killing. The inhibitory effect for the macrophages resulted from an effect of verapamil on both the effector and target cells. When either the effector cells or target cells were preincubated with verapamil, they became resistant to the effects of the cytotoxic macrophages. Cytotoxicity was also inhibited when 0.1 mg of verapamil was added to the macrophages monolayers either at the time of addition of the tumor cells or 15–30 min after addition of the tumor cells, whereas no inhibition of cytotoxicity occurred when verapamil was added more than 30 min after the initiation of the cytotoxic reaction. For the neutrophils it was observed that the inhibitory activity resulted from and effect of verapamil on the effector cells rather than the target cells. When the effector cells were preincubated with verapamil they became incapable of killing the tumor cells, whereas preincubation of the target cells with verapamil had no effect on their ability to be killed by the neutrophils. Cytotoxicity was also inhibited when 0.1 mg of verapamil was added to the neutrophil monolayers either at the time of addition of the tumor cells or 15–60 min after addition of the tumor cells, whereas no inhibition of cytotoxicity occurred when verapamil was added more than 60 min after the initiation of the cytotoxic reaction.
Immunohistochemical study of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in gastric tumors: Correlation with preoperative serum levels, histologic type, and grade of anaplasia of the tumor
Authors: Santeusanio Giuseppe , Peronace Laura , Castagna Giancarlo , De Muro Giancarlo , Santi Donatella , D'Orazio Alfonso , Amanti Claudio , Midiri Giuseppe , Campisi Costantino , D'Ambra Giancarlo , Paola Manuele Di 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe occurrence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was studied in 45 cases of gastric tumors by the immunoperoxidase technique. CEA‐positive staining was found in 48.8% of tumors. A correlation was found between preoperative CEA values and tumor CEA staining. All patients with serum CEA values below 2.5 ng/ml showed CEA‐negative staining of tumor. In patients with serum CEA values between 2.6 and 10 ng/ml, the tumors showed a minority of CEA‐positive cells; but in patients with serum CEA values above 10 ng/ml, the tumors contained a majority of CEA‐positive cells. CEA‐positive staining was found in 34.4% of tumors of the diffuse type, and in 75% of tumors of the intestinal type. A high percentage of CEA positivity was seen in well‐differentiated tumors (87.7%) compared to the moderately differentiated (69.2%), and to the undifferentiated (28.7%). A faint CEA‐positivity was observed in intestinal metaplasia, while normal gastric mucosa was CEA‐negative.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the chest wall
Authors: Stefanko Jerome , Turnbull Alan D. , Helson Larry , Lieberman Philip , Martini Nael 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrimitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare, highly malignant small‐cell neoplasm that most often arises from the chest wall or paravertebral region. A patient is described from whom resection, intensive chemotherapy, and bone marrow transplant were unsuccessful. Eleven patients were treated between 1975 and 1985; there was only one long term survivor (48 months) despite intensive multidisciplinary treatment. The median survival of 49 published cases was 9 months. Conservative resection minimizing disability, radiotherapy, and intensive chemotherapy remain valid options, but use of experimental agents as part of intial therapy seems justified. The role of autologous marrow transplant remains unclear.
Influence of surgery on the responsiveness of blood lymphocytes in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Grzelak I. , Olszewski W. L. , Engeset A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of surgery on peripheral blood mononuclear cell responsiveness to mitogens and supressor cell (SC) activity assessed in a concanavalin A (ConA) assay were studied in patients with stage O and stage III‐IV cancer. Patients were exposed to a similar surgical trauma the same type of anaesthesia, and to no pre‐ and early postoperative radio‐or chemotherapy. A more pronounced postoperative decrease in the lymphocyte count, responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and ConA, and in the SC activity was found in the nonadvanced than advanced cancer group. These findings point to an impaired mobilization and distribution capacity of circulating lymphocytes in patients with advanced neoplastic disease.
Primary breast cancer in patients with previous endometrial or ovarian cancer
Authors: Doberneck Raymond C. , Garcia Joseph E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe incidence of primary breast cancer is known to be increased in patients with previous endometrial or ovarian cancer, but the behavior of the breast cancer and the ultimate outlook for such patients is unknown. To provide data concerning these two questions, a group of 123 patients treated for breast cancer alone (Group I) served as a control for comparison with ten patients who had endometrial cancer (Group II) and six patients who had ovarian cancer (Group III) prior to diagnosis of breast cancer. The interval between the diagnosis of endometrial cancer and breast cancer averaged 4.6 yr, and between ovarian cancer and breast cancer averaged 4.6 yr, and between ovarian cancer and breast cancer, 5.4 yr, Age at diagnosis of breast cancer in Groups I, II, and III was 56, 66 (P = 0.05) and 56 yr, respectively. The incidence of patients with stage I, II, and III breast cancer was similar in Groups I, II, and III as was tumor size and number of metastatic nodes in each stage in each of the three groups. Average duration of follow‐up after diagnosis of breast cancer was 3, 3.1, and 2.8 yr in Groups I, II, and III, respectively, with 70%, 60%, and 33% of patients living and free of either breast cancer, endometrial cancer, or ovarian cancer. Two of four deaths in Group II were due to endometrial cancer, and all four deaths in Group III were due to ovarian cancer. The remaining two deaths or recurrences in Group II were due to breast cancer. We conclude that 1) the behavior of breast cancer is similar in patients with or without previous endometrial or ovarian cancer; 2) breast cancer develops at an older age in patients with previous endometrial cancer than in patients with or without previous ovarian cancer and 3) death or recurrent cancer in patients with breast cancer and previous ovarian cancer is due to ovarian cancer, whereas, death or recurrent cancer in patients with breast cancer and previous endometrial cancer is due equally to breast cancer and endometrial cancer.
Histopathological effects of intraoperative radiotherapy on pancreas and adjacent tissues: A postmortem analysis
Authors: Hoekstra Harald J. , Restrepo Carlos , Kinsella Timothy J. , Sindelar William F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) has been utilized in the treatment of resectable and unresectable pancreatic carcinoma at the National Cancer Institute. Detailed autopsy analyses of the radiation effects on the pancreas and adjacent tissues were performed on 13 patients dying at various times following therapy. IORT can induce a progressive retroperitoneal fibrosis and fibrosis of the porta hepatis in patients with resectable pancreatic carcinoma. In unresectable pancreatic carcinoma, the major expression of intraoperative irradiation with external beam irradiation is a progressive fibrosis of the pancreas with vascular sclerosis, nerve degeneration, atrophy of acinar cells, and atypical changes in the ducts of the pancreas, as well as degenerative changes of the pancreatic tumor.
Surgical implications of hepatic venocclusive disease following bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Gottesman Lester , Turnbull Alan D. , O'Reilly Richard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatic venocclusive disease occurs with a spectrum of severity in an estimated 21% of bone marrow transplant patients. Clinical features include severe right upper quadrant pain, ascites, weight gain and initially minimal derangement of liver function. In contrast to hepatic graft versus host disease, venocclusive disease usually occurs within the first three weeks of engraftment and in autologous grafts. Urgent surgical consultation is requested when these features are prominent enough to mimic common acute processes requiring laparotomy. This condition must be included in the differential diagnosis in order to avoid an unnecessary laparotomy in this select group of patients who are usually severely thrombocytopenic and leukopenic. Clinical diagnosis alone is very reliable.
Late recurrence of benign pheochromocytomas: The necessity for long term follow‐up
Authors: Sparagana Mario 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients who had removal of seemingly benign pheochromocytomas had recurrences 10 and 14 years later despite normal catecholamine excretion for 7 and 9 years postoperatively. The first patient returned with a myocardial infarction and an apparently solitary recurrence; the second patient with a stroke and metastatic disease. Both patients had recurrence of hypertension and increased catecholamine excretion. They were given phenoxybenzamine and are doing satisfactorily 7 and 9 years after their recurrences. Such patients should be followed after surgery for 15 or more years for early detection of recurrences. Prompt therapy should reduce the risk of undesirable complications.
Surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma: A review of 730 patients
Authors: Høie Johan , Stenwig Anna Elisabeth , Brennhovd Ivar Olav 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBetween 1956 and 1978, 1143 patients with thyroid cancer, nearly half of all patients with thyroid carcinomas in Norway in this period, were seen in our hospital. Of 730 papillary cancer patients, 447 were operated with total thyroidectomy (TT), 179 with hemi‐thyroidectomy (HT), while 104 patients had minor thyroid resections (RT). Survival and recurrence rates were similar in the TT‐ and HT‐groups. Local recurrences were seen in 15.2% of the patients following total thyroidectomy and in 16.2% following hemi‐thyroidectomy; distant metastases were seen in 10.7% and 11.2%, respectively. Beyond the seventh year of follow‐up the cumulative survival was similar following total thyroidectomies, hemi‐thyroidectomies, and thyroid resections. Unless grossly malignant residues were left behind, the impact of the surgical procedure on prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer seems minor.
Pilomatrix carcinoma
Authors: Lineaweaver William C. , Wang To‐Nao , Leboit Philip L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPilomatrixomas are uncommon tumors of hair matrix origin. They are characteristically benign, calcifying lesions. Eleven cases of aggressively invasive pilomatrixomas have been reported, and this variant has been termed pilomatrix carcinoma. This report presents the first known case of a cervical pilomatrix carcinoma. Modified radical neck dissection was necessary for tumor extirpation. Pilomatrix carcinoma behaves similarly to an aggressive basal cell carcinoma. These lesions require definitive, anatomic resection, careful histological examination of margins, and systematic follow‐up examinations.