bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Multipath Underwater Acoustic Time-Delay Detection Algorithm Based on Dual-Delta Correlators
Authors: Yue Yang , Zheng Cuie , Han Yunfeng , Ouyang Yujie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
For the underwater acoustic (UAC) positioning system based on continuous waveform signal, the time-delay estimation of the Line-of-sight (Los) is not robust under the UAC strongly time-varying multipath channel. So an anti-multipath time-delay detection algorithm based on dual-delta (DD) correlators is proposed in this paper to address the issue. The algorithm uses a differential processing code-phase discriminator model to improve the traditional delay-locked-loop (DLL) time-delay detection algorithm, and combines it with the signal tracking loop adapted to the UAC channel condition to estimate time-delay. Theoretical analysis indicates that due to the reduction of local code interval and the differential processing operation, the proposed algorithm effectively mitigates the effect of time-varying multipath signals on time-delay estimation compared with conventional methods. Simulation analysis further demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can robustly detect the Los and achieve high-precision time-delay estimation under the time-varying multipath channel. The algorithm shows great potential for practical applications.
Research on FPGA-based dual-channel time synchronization system
Authors: Gao Ang , Gao Junxia , Zhang Yiming , Wang Xuhong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
As geological exploration progresses in depth and scope, the distance between transmitting and receiving systems also increases. Consequently, the synchronization of time between the two becomes an increasingly critical issue. In response, this paper presents a proposed design for a time synchronization system that is suitable for use between transmitting and receiving equipment. The system uses GPS as the main clock source. The information within the GPS system will be encoded and decoded using the FPGA. This allows us to obtain both UTC time and the time of the IRIG-B code format, enabling compatibility with the various system interfaces. Our experiments have confirmed that the system has a time error at the microsecond level, and the precision satisfies the design requirements. This verifies the validity and reliability of the system.
Design of control system for six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm
Authors: Chen Chaoda , Lv Zhisheng , Wu Siyang , Li Kangxing , Chen Ziyang , Huang Zhixing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To study the robotic arm trajectory planning and motion, the six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm control system design is proposed. In this paper, we choose a multi-joint type of robotic arm. We analyze the design of the robotic arm at home and abroad and determine the specific servomotor model and the specific robotic arm mechanism. We analyze the torque relationship of each joint and the size of the servomotor. Using SolidWorks and Robot Studios, we carry out the three-dimensional design modeling and simulation of the robotic arm, design the whole set of robotic arms, and use the Arduino Uno development board for precise control of the servo motor. The control program was written using C language, and various control tests were carried out on the robotic arm to make sure that the system could satisfy the debugging and research of trajectory planning type.
Design of fault degree diagnosis algorithm for circuit breaker spring based on fuzzy clustering
Authors: Zhang Xibo , Ying Jianguo , Wang Junhua , Zhang Rongwei , Hong Zhou , Bi Haibo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a design of a fault diagnosis algorithm for circuit breaker springs based on fuzzy clustering. The features of the fault state signal are extracted by combining the methods of Intrinsic Time-Scale Decomposition and Singular Spectrum Analysis. Using the fuzzy clustering method, this study classifies circuit breaker spring faults, extracts fault features, and achieves fault degree diagnosis. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high accuracy in fault diagnosis.
Prediction of milling surface roughness based on DGLCM and neural network
Authors: Zhang Chenghui , Fang Zaojun , Lian Hongyuan , Zhang Qiping , Zhang Chi , Yang Guilin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With the manufacturing industry’s increasingly automated and intelligent development, traditional workpiece roughness measurement methods can no longer meet the requirements for short time, high efficiency, and online measurement. Therefore, this article proposes a roughness evaluation model for vertical milling workpiece roughness measurement and improves upon the traditional Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method to achieve high accuracy and robustness in measuring milling surface roughness. First, the milled surface is illuminated by a coaxial light source, and an image is captured using an industrial camera and a telecentric lens. Then, four features of the image are extracted using the Direction Measure-based Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (DGLCM) to construct a feature descriptor. Finally, Finally, create an RBF network to predict surface roughness. Through experimental comparison with traditional GLCM feature extraction methods, our proposed feature extraction method has a prediction error of only 2.01%, which is superior to traditional methods.
Rapid determination of impurities in carbon dioxide for food by gas chromatography
Authors: Hu Delong , Ren Tingting , Yang Xuemei , Li Xianghong , Zou Qian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article describes the experimental principle and method of rapid determination of carbon monoxide, methane, propane, total hydrocarbon, methanol, ethylene oxide, acetaldehyde, vinyl chloride, benzene, and other common impurities in carbon dioxide by gas chromatograph. By using food additive carbon dioxide as a sample, the rapid analysis conditions, such as chromatographic column, valve switching time, and column box temperature control, were optimized. The retention time of impurity components in food additive carbon dioxide was determined using the external standard method. The relative standard uncertainty of CH4, C3H8, CO, CH3OH, CH2CH2O, CH3CHO, CH2CHCl, and C6H6 analysis is within 3% by using the established analytical method proposed in this article, which is equivalent to the national standard GB 1886.228-2016. The linear correlation coefficient r is greater than 0.9995, and the linear error is not greater than 2.0, indicating excellent linearity. In the meantime, in the case of 6 consecutive sample injections, the detection time is shortened by nearly three times. The experimental results show that the analytical method established in this article is suitable for the rapid determination of impurities in carbon dioxide for food, which can improve the accuracy of experimental results and work efficiency.
Real-time analysis of star sensor attitude accuracy
Authors: Fu Jingneng , Luo Wen , Zhang Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the conventional methods of star sensor accuracy evaluation, neither the accuracy calculation formula nor the Monte Carlo method can comprehensively reflect the attitude measurement accuracy of star sensors in real-time. In this paper, a real-time analysis and calculation model for the attitude measurement accuracy of star sensors is proposed. Firstly, the basic attitude measurement model of the star sensor is established through the pinhole imaging model. Moreover, a moving frame of star sensor attitude measurement is established to avoid the defects of attitude representation by the Euler angle in the star sensor accuracy analysis. Then, combined with the error transfer of implicit overdetermined equations proposed in this paper, the error transfers of starspot extraction random error, star catalog random error, and intrinsic parameter system error are provided. Finally, simulation and field experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed error analysis theory. The experimental results show that the attitude measurement accuracy of star sensors can be accurately estimated by using single-frame data of guide stars.
Surface Contamination Measurement by Combining Detectors and Robots
Authors: Wang Qiang , Sheng Yifa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Against the background of the rapid development of nuclear energy and nuclear technology, the number of places with radioactivity has gradually risen, which poses a significant safety hazard to human beings. Aiming at indoor radioactive places, this paper designs a detector that can be mounted on a robot, and experiments prove that this detector can accurately detect α-surface contamination and β-surface contamination. The surface contamination is measured using a combination of a remote-controlled robot and a detector.
Experimental and numerical study on wet steam flow metering overreading characteristics in venturi tube
Authors: Wu Fang , Xing Zhaokai , Ma Yuanhua , Hu Rongyuan , Cheng Zhao , Xie Hongjun , Wang Shanshan , Yang Jinfeng , Qu Shanliang , Zhao Cuilian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The precise measurement of wet-steam flow is of great importance in various industrial systems, including nuclear reactors, oil and gas transportation, and cogeneration systems. However, the measurement accuracy of wet-steam flow can be affected by overreading (OR) when using venturi meters. This paper presents a systematic numerical simulation using the DPM model and an experimental study on the characteristics of overreading in wet-steam flow metering. The experiments are carried out on a two-phase flow liquid and steam platform. Firstly, the OR characteristics of a venturi structure with fixed dimensions (a throttling ratio of 0.6, a divergence angle of 15°, and a venturi diameter of 20 mm) are quantitatively analyzed at different flow rates (0.14-0.32 kg/s) and qualities (ranging from 0.14 to 0.90). It is found that the Lockhart-Martinelli parameter (XLM) plays a more significant role than the gas Froude number (Frg) in determining the overreading (OR) characteristics of a venturi under a given temperature, pressure, and venturi structure. Secondly, a venturi overreading prediction model based on XLM is proposed, and its ability to predict overreading for larger mass flow rates and venturi diameters is verified by numerical simulation data. As evaluated through numerical simulation data, the proposed model’s maximum relative error and average deviation are below 15% and 10%, respectively. This study provides valuable insights into developing an overreading model for industrial applications under large flow and venturi diameter conditions.
Accurate measurement method of contact angle within a small angle
Authors: Wang Shuhui , Liu Xiaoting , Wang Tao , Luo Jing , Yao Jian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The wetting phenomenon of liquid on a solid surface is a fundamental natural phenomenon in nature. It has a significant impact on people’s production and life. This paper solves the problem that small-angle wetting cannot be accurately measured by changing the imaging direction and complete auxiliary methods.
Absolute attitude measurement based on multi-sensor fusion
Authors: He Xuran , Xiong Kun , Li Jiabin , Zhou Yingmin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the field of positioning and navigation, the measurement and transmission of absolute attitude are often used in the initial calibration process of positioning and navigation equipment. This requires higher absolute attitude measurement accuracy and lower measurement complexity. In order to solve the problems of high complexity and time-consuming of traditional absolute attitude measurement, a multi-sensor fusion absolute attitude measurement method is proposed. This method uses an optical camera to calculate the angle offset, employs a biaxial inclination sensor to measure horizontal angles, and utilizes GNSS differential positioning to introduce true azimuth angle. The experimental results of the prototype show that under the condition of 60 m baseline length, the max uncertainty of yaw, pitch, and roll angle measurement is 14.13”, 4.41”, and 3.53” respectively, and the average single measurement time consumption is 2.73 minutes.
Circuit design of a high scanning frequence and fast response laser methane remote sensor
Authors: Yang Yuanjin , Wu Qi , Xu Yang , Wang Wenlong , men Chao , Yang Bingxiong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To solve the problem of slow detection of laser methane sensors based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), a methane detection system with a high detection rate was proposed. Focusing on the hardware circuit design of the system which consists of a laser driver circuit, laser temperature control circuit, optical amplifier and filter circuit and main control circuit based on FPGA+ARM, this circuit is designed to achieve a laser scanning frequency of 50 kHz. A voltage-controlled current source is designed to drive the laser diode (LD). A TEC controller is designed to keep the operating temperature of the laser diode stable. Since the photocurrent can be very weak, to ensure the quality of signals from the photodiode (PD), a signal collection circuit consisting of the transimpedance amplifier, gain-controlled amplifier and low-pass filter was designed. An experiment is carried out to test system measurement capabilities. The results show the circuit can reach a response time of 2.5 ms while ensuring a measurement error of less than 4.3%.
Pointer instrument positioning and indication recognition algorithm based on YOLOV5s
Authors: Li Fei , Zhang Wenliang , He Bo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The substation inspection robot has low accuracy in positioning and indication reading of the pointer instrument. An algorithm design for indicator recognition is proposed. The algorithm mainly includes dial area extraction, scale line extraction and dial center determination, zero scale line determination, and indicator recognition. An experimental system for pointer instrument positioning and indication recognition is constructed to verify the proposed algorithm. The results indicate that the positioning accuracy of the two instruments is 90.5% and 100% respectively. Ten positioned instruments are selected, and the reading recognition error is 0.126. It shows that the proposed pointer instrument positioning and indication recognition algorithm can improve the efficiency of substation instrument recognition.
Study on the measuring device of medical centrifuges
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Xiang Mengdie , Deng Bowen , Wu Yongdong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper designs a measuring and detecting device for medical centrifuges. The device integrates the measurement of rotational speed, temperature, and time. The photoelectric tachometer was transformed into a laser speed detection module to adapt to the rotational speed measurement of the closed centrifuge and a wireless temperature detection module could be inserted into the slot of the centrifuge tube to measure the temperature of the tube position when the centrifuge rotates at a high speed. This method achieved reliable and accurate measurement of the speed, temperature, and time of various centrifuges with low costs.
Optical Slot-Assisted Metasurface for IgG Protein Detection
Authors: Brunetti Giuseppe , Saha Nabarun , Colapietro Paola , Ciminelli Caterina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The sensing of antigens plays a pivotal role in the early diagnosis of tumors by potentially revealing specific biomarkers associated with them. Early detection of tumors can facilitate targeted and less invasive therapeutic strategies. In the realm of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein detection, a high concentration may indicate tumor lesions or the presence of symptoms commonly detectable just through invasive diagnostic methods. IgG detection is feasible in blood samples or other biological fluids like saliva or urine. These non-invasive tests offer the advantage of being repeatable over time, reducing the need for invasive or painful procedures. In the pursuit of next-generation medical technologies aimed at flexible and compact sensing platforms, we proposed a refractometric system mainly based on a dielectric metasurface, operating at about 780 nm, featuring a 2D distribution of cells composed of dimers that support the optical slot effect. This effect allows for a large Q-factor, with a small footprint, and strong spatial confinement. Specifically, a Q-factor of 3.19 × 103 with a significant amplitude (> 0.7 a.u.) enables a sensitivity of 25 nm/RIU for IgG protein detection.
Which data assimilation method to use and when: unlocking the potential of observations in shoreline modelling
Authors: Alvarez-Cuesta M , Toimil A , Losada I J 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Shoreline predictions are essential for coastal management. In this era of increasing amounts of data from different sources, it is imperative to use observations to ensure the reliability of shoreline forecasts. Data assimilation has emerged as a powerful tool to bridge the gap between episodic and imprecise spatiotemporal observations and the incomplete mathematical equations describing the physics of coastal dynamics. This research seeks to maximize this potential by assessing the effectiveness of different data assimilation algorithms considering different observational data characteristics and initial system knowledge to guide shoreline models towards delivering results as close as possible to the real world. Two statistical algorithms (stochastic ensemble and extended Kalman filters) and one variational algorithm (4D-Var) are incorporated into an equilibrium cross-shore model and a one-line longshore model. A twin experimental procedure is conducted to determine the observation requirements for these assimilation algorithms in terms of accuracy, length of the data collection campaign and sampling frequency. Similarly, the initial system knowledge needed and the ability of the assimilation methods to track the system nonstationarity are evaluated under synthetic scenarios. The results indicate that with noisy observations, the Kalman filter variants outperform 4D-Var. However, 4D-Var is less restrictive in terms of initial system knowledge and tracks nonstationary parametrizations more accurately for cross-shore processes. The findings are demonstrated at two real beaches governed by different processes with different data sources used for calibration. In this contribution, the coastal processes assimilated thus far in shoreline modelling are extended, the 4D-Var algorithm is applied for the first time in the field of shoreline modelling, and guidelines on which assimilation method can be most beneficial in terms of the available observational data and system knowledge are provided.
Southern Hemispheric jet swing linked to Arctic stratospheric polar vortex
Authors: Xie Fei , Ma Xuan , Li Yanjie , Li Jianping , Chen Xiaosong , Tian Wenshou , Sun Cheng , Xu Mian , Zhang Jiankai , Gui Ke , Ding Ruiqiang , Xia Yan , Niu Yingli 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Our study reframes our understanding of stratosphere–troposphere interactions, traditionally thought to be confined within individual hemispheres, by introducing a novel cross-hemispheric link. We demonstrate that strong boreal winter Arctic stratospheric polar vortex (APV) boosts the transmission of upper tropospheric waves from Northern Hemisphere’s mid-high latitudes to the equator. Facilitated by the tropical central and eastern Pacific’s ‘westerly bridge’, these waves reach Southern Hemisphere’s mid-high latitudes. The entire process shows a ‘semicircular road’. Waves reaching the Southern Hemisphere affect the circulation through wave-flow interaction, causing a southward swing of the Southern Hemispheric westerly jet center. This displacement weakens the subtropical jet and strengthens the polar jet, resulting in increased subtropical precipitation and decreased mid-latitude precipitation in the Southern Hemisphere during austral summer. Correspondingly, a weak APV may lead to the opposite result. Our findings underscore APV’s broader impact on the tropospheric atmosphere, extending beyond prior knowledge.
Fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles by cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet in the presence of Au+ ions and a capping agent
Authors: HABIB Tatiana , CAIUT José Mauricio A. , CAILLIER Bruno 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Homogeneous gold nanoparticles were synthesized under atmospheric pressure using a non-thermal helium plasma jet in a single-step process. A current power supply was used to generate the plasma discharge rich in diverse reactive species. These species induce rapid chemical reactions responsible for the reduction of the gold salts upon contact with the liquid solution. In this study, spherical and monodispersed gold nanoparticles were obtained within 5 min of plasma exposure using a solution containing gold (III) chloride hydrate (HAuCl4) as a precursor and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent to inhibit agglomerations. The formation of these metal nanoparticles was initially perceptible through a visible change in the sample’s color, transitioning from light yellow to a red/pink color. This was subsequently corroborated by UV-vis spectroscopy, which revealed an optical absorption in the 520‒550 nm range for Au NPs, corresponding to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band. An investigation into the impact of various parameters, including plasma discharge duration, precursor and capping agent concentrations, was carried out to optimize conditions for the formation of well-separated, spherical gold nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to measure the size of these nanoparticles, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe their morphology and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was also employed to determine their crystallographic structure. The results confirm that homogeneous spherical gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of 13 nm can be easily synthesized through a rapid, straightforward, and environmentally friendly approach utilizing a helium atmospheric pressure plasma.
‘Against Civilisation’
Authors: Herold-Zanker Katharina 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the fluidity of boundaries between cosmopolitanism and Orientalism in Arthur Symons’s travelogue of Constantinople and Violet Fane’s poetry, composed during her stay in Constantinople as the wife of the British ambassador. Taking Wilde’s archaeological interest in the East one step further, Symons and Fane sought the everyday, live engagement with the East. The chapter argues that while Constantinople and the decline of the Ottoman Empire leave Symons as Western flanêur disoriented, it equally provided Symons with a symbolic space to revise his definition of decadence into the notion of symbolism and to formulate his conservative critique against a decaying Western civilization in an increasingly sober modernity. Symons’s explicit focus on race and cultural difference, which protrude in his observations on Eastern dance and religious ritual, are an integral part of his Orientalism, as well as his attempt to defend alternative forms of living, especially those of the Romani cultures which he admired in England and the Middle East. Moving in the same literary circles as Symons in the 1880s, Fane’s decadent poetry produced in Constantinople absorbs ‘The Eastern Crisis’ and reflects her humanitarian yet Orientalist imperial gaze. Similar to Symons’s advocacy for the ‘Gypsies’, her pronounced activism for Christian Armenian minorities, threatened by the flourishing of Ottoman nationalism, hovers between imperial protectionism and anti-imperial critique. Both authors use of the East to turn their decadent writing into a politicized commentary on modern progress and the increasing Westernization of Ottoman Turkey.