bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative albumin-bilirubin score and liver resection percentage determine postoperative liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiro , Gosho Masahiko , Miyazaki Yoshihiro , Nakahashi Hiromitsu , Shimomura Osamu , Furuya Kinji , Doi Manami , Owada Yohei , Ogawa Koichi , Ohara Yusuke , Akashi Yoshimasa , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Shinji , Oda Tatsuya 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND
The success of liver resection relies on the ability of the remnant liver to regenerate. Most of the knowledge regarding the pathophysiological basis of liver regeneration comes from rodent studies, and data on humans are scarce. Additionally, there is limited knowledge about the preoperative factors that influence postoperative regeneration.
AIM
To quantify postoperative remnant liver volume by the latest volumetric software and investigate perioperative factors that affect posthepatectomy liver regeneration.
METHODS
A total of 268 patients who received partial hepatectomy were enrolled. Patients were grouped into right hepatectomy/trisegmentectomy (RH/Tri), left hepatectomy (LH), segmentectomy (Seg), and subsegmentectomy/nonanatomical hepatectomy (Sub/Non) groups. The regeneration index (RI) and late regeneration rate were defined as (postoperative liver volume)/[total functional liver volume (TFLV)] × 100 and (RI at 6-months - RI at 3-months)/RI at 6-months, respectively. The lower 25th percentile of RI and the higher 25th percentile of late regeneration rate in each group were defined as “low regeneration” and “delayed regeneration”. “Restoration to the original size” was defined as regeneration of the liver volume by more than 90% of the TFLV at 12 months postsurgery.
RESULTS
The numbers of patients in the RH/Tri, LH, Seg, and Sub/Non groups were 41, 53, 99 and 75, respectively. The RI plateaued at 3 months in the LH, Seg, and Sub/Non groups, whereas the RI increased until 12 months in the RH/Tri group. According to our multivariate analysis, the preoperative albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score was an independent factor for low regeneration at 3 months [odds ratio (OR) 95%CI = 2.80 (1.17-6.69), P = 0.02; per 1.0 up] and 12 months [OR = 2.27 (1.01-5.09), P = 0.04; per 1.0 up]. Multivariate analysis revealed that only liver resection percentage [OR = 1.03 (1.00-1.05), P = 0.04] was associated with delayed regeneration. Furthermore, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the preoperative ALBI score [OR = 2.63 (1.00-1.05), P = 0.02; per 1.0 up] and liver resection percentage [OR = 1.02 (1.00-1.05), P = 0.04; per 1.0 up] were found to be independent risk factors associated with volume restoration failure.
CONCLUSION
Liver regeneration posthepatectomy was determined by the resection percentage and preoperative ALBI score. This knowledge helps surgeons decide the timing and type of rehepatectomy for recurrent cases.
IMPROVEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF SECURITY DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Сакаева Р.Р. 
Published: April 2024

С каждым годом уровень преступности в системе исполнения наказаний повышается, что обуславливает необходимость в высокопрофессиональных специалистах. В связи с этим актуальна проблема профессиональной подготовки сотрудников отделов безопасности исправительных учреждений. В статье рассматривается система повышения профессионального уровня сотрудников отделов безопасности исправительных учреждений, выделяется высшее профессиональное образование (бакалавриат и специалитет), дополнительное образование (профессиональная переподготовка и повышение квалификации). Автором выделяется ряд организационно-правовых проблем, возникающих в ходе обучения и снижающих ее результативность: отсутствие средне-специального образования во ФСИН России; недостаточное практическое обучение; трудоустройство существенной части выпускников не по полученному в вузе направлению подготовки (специализации); краткий срок обучения по программам первоначального обучения и др. Предложены пути решения рассмотренных проблем. Совершенствование организационно-правовых основ и содержания профессиональной подготовки сотрудников отделов безопасности является важным аспектом повышения эффективности работы исправительных учреждений. От уровня их профессионализма зависит оптимальное реагирование на возникающие угрозы и риски, а также качество обеспечения безопасности и законности в уголовно-исполнительной системе.
Every year, the crime rate in the penitentiary system is increasing, which necessitates the need for highly professional specialists. In this regard, the problem of professional training of security departments employees of correctional institutions is urgent. The article examines the system of professional development of security departments employees, identifies higher professional education (bachelor's degree and specialty), additional education (professional retraining and advanced training). The author identifies a number of organizational and legal problems that arise during training and reduce its effectiveness: the lack of secondary special education in the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia; insufficient practical training; employment of a significant part of graduates not in the direction of training (specialization) received at the university; a short period of study under initial education programs, etc. The ways of solving the considered problems are proposed. Improving the organizational and legal foundations and the content of professional training for employees of security departments is an important aspect of improving the efficiency of government agencies. The optimal response to emerging threats and risks, as well as the quality of ensuring security and legality in the penal system, depends on the level of their professionalism
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR IPA MODEL P3E BERORIENTASI METODE EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Khasna Fenny Tanalinal , Fatmawati Agustin 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan bahan ajar dengan model P3E berorientasi metode eksperimen untuk melatihkan keterampilan proses sains dan critical thinking skills siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada kelas IV di Sd Gmit no.7 Oebufu Kota Kupang. Penelitian ini menggunakan model 4D yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan yaitu pendefinisian (difine), perencanaan (design), pengembangan (develop), dan penyebaran (desiminate). Teknik analisis data yang digunakn adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) bahan ajar berada pada kategori layak dengan rata-rata setiap aspek antara 3.1 sampai 3.8, (2) bahan ajar berada pada kategori sangat praktis berdasarkan respon guru dengan rata-rata 90%, dan respon siswa 93%, dan (3) efektif berdasarkan perolehan rata-rata N-gain dapat diketahui perolehan rata-rata untuk data N-gain keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 0,80, sedangkan keterampilan proses sains sebesar 0,72 dengan kategori tinggi.
Absolute Calibration. IV. Use of G-type Stars as Primary Calibrators
Authors: Rieke G. H. , Schlawin Everett , Proffitt Charles R. , Willmer Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate an approach to determine spectral energy distribution (SED) templates that are accurate to the 1% level from the visible through the infrared for nearby (unextincted) solar-type stars. Our approach is based only on measurements of T
eff, log(g), and M/H and the use of standard theoretical SED models. The success of this approach confirms that the existing absolute calibration is likely to be accurate to this level throughout this spectral range. We then demonstrate how to measure and correct for extinction, allowing extension of this calibration approach to faint levels (and more distant stars). We provide template SEDs in digital form for 11 G-dwarf stellar calibrators.
Velocity Dispersion of the Open Cluster NGC 2571 by Radial Velocities and Proper Motions
Authors: Kulesh Maxim V. , Samirkhanova Aleksandra E. , Carraro Giovanni , Sales-Silva Joao V. , Capuzzo Dolcetta Roberto , Seleznev Anton F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We use a kernel density estimator method to evaluate the stellar velocity dispersion in the open cluster NGC 2571. We derive the 3D velocity dispersion using both proper motions as extracted from Gaia Data Release 3 and single-epoch radial velocities as obtained with the instrument FLAMES at ESO's Very Large Telescope. The mean-square velocity along the line of sight is found to be larger than the one in the tangential direction by a factor of 6–8. We argue that the most likely explanation for such an occurrence is the presence of a significant quantity of unresolved binary and multiple stars in the radial velocity sample. Special attention should be paid to single-line spectroscopic binaries (SB1) since in this case we observe the spectral lines of the primary component only, and therefore the derived radial velocity is not the velocity of the binary system center of mass. To investigate this scenario, we performed numerical experiments varying the fractional abundance of SB1 in the observed sample. These experiments show that the increase of the mean-square radial velocity depends on the fractional abundance of SB1 to a power in the range [0.39, 0.45]. We used the 3D velocity dispersion obtained by the dispersions in the tangential directions and the assumption that the radial velocity dispersion is the same as a tangential one to estimate the virial cluster mass and the cluster mass, taking into account the gravitational field of the Galaxy and the nonstationarity of the cluster. These estimates are 650 ± 30 M
⊙ and 310 ± 80 M
⊙, respectively, in substantial agreement with the photometric cluster mass.
Data-driven Discovery of Diffuse Interstellar Bands with APOGEE Spectra
Authors: McKinnon Kevin A. , Ness Melissa K. , Rockosi Constance M. , Guhathakurta Puragra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Data-driven models of stellar spectra are useful tools to study nonstellar information, such as the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) caused by intervening interstellar material. Using ∼55,000 spectra of ∼17,000 red clump stars from the APOGEE DR16 data set, we create second-order polynomial models of the continuum-normalized flux as a function of stellar parameters (T
eff,

log
g

, [Fe/H], [α/Fe], and age). The model and data show good agreement within uncertainties across the APOGEE wavelength range, although many regions reveal residuals that are not in the stellar rest-frame. We show that many of these residual features—having average extrema at the level of ∼3% in stellar flux on average—can be attributed to incompletely removed spectral lines from the Earth’s atmosphere and DIBs from the interstellar medium (ISM). After removing most of the remaining contamination from Earth’s sky, we identify 84 absorption features not seen in unreddened sightlights that have <50% probability of being noise artifacts—with 25 of these features having <5% probability of being noise artifacts—including all 10 previously known DIBs in the APOGEE wavelength range. Because many of these features occur in the wavelength windows that APOGEE uses to measure chemical abundances, note that characterization and removal of this nonstellar contamination establish an important step in reaching the precision required for chemical tagging experiments. Proper characterization of these features will benefit Galactic ISM science and the currently ongoing Milky Way Mapper program of Sloan Digital Sky Survey V, which relies on the APOGEE spectrograph.
A Geometric Neutron Star Model of Repeating and Nonrepeating Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Liu Ze-Nan , Xia Zhao-Yang , Zhong Shu-Qing , Wang Fa-Yin , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration extragalactic radio transients. They fall into the categories of repeaters and apparent nonrepeaters. However, such a classification causes a lack of motivation to investigate the physical picture. Here, we propose a unified geometric model to distinguish between repeaters and apparent nonrepeaters, in which the quasi-tangential (QT) propagation effect within the magnetosphere of a neutron star is considered. In this model, apparent nonrepeaters arise from sources whose emitting region has a smaller impact angle with respect to the magnetic axis, while repeaters come from sources whose emitting region has a larger impact angle. The observational discriminant polarization properties between repeaters and apparent nonrepeaters are an important clue for verifying this unified geometric model since the polarization is sensitive to the QT propagation effect. Moreover, our model effectively explains all of the other discriminant properties, including bandwidth, duration, peak luminosity, energy, brightness temperature, time–frequency downward drifting, and repetition rate, providing compelling evidence for the magnetospheric origin of FRBs.
Compton Scattering of Electrons in the Intergalactic Medium
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Long Heyang , Hirata Christopher M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the distribution and implications of cosmic-ray electrons within the intergalactic medium (IGM). Utilizing a synthesis model of the extragalactic background, we evolve the spectrum of Compton-included cosmic rays. The energy density distribution of cosmic-ray electrons peaks at redshift z ≈ 2, and peaks in the ∼MeV range. The fractional contribution of cosmic-ray pressure to the general IGM pressure progressively increases toward lower redshift. At mean density, the ratio of cosmic-ray electron to thermal pressure in the IGM

P

CRe

/

P

th

is 0.3% at z = 2, rising to 1.0% at z = 1, and 1.8% at z = 0.1 (considering only the cosmic rays produced locally by Compton scattering). We compute the linear Landau damping rate of plasma oscillations in the IGM caused by the ∼MeV cosmic-ray electrons, and find it to be of order ∼10−6 s−1 for wavenumbers 1.2 ≲ ck/ω
p ≲ 5 at z = 2 and mean density (where ω
p is the plasma frequency). This strongly affects the fate of TeV e
+
e
− pair beams produced by blazars, which are potentially unstable to oblique instabilities involving plasma oscillations with wavenumber

ck

/

ω

p

≈
sec
θ

(θ being the angle between the beam and wavevector). Linear Landau damping is at least thousands of times faster than either pair beam instability growth or collisional effects; it thus turns off the pair beam instability except for modes with very small θ (ck/ω
p → 1, where linear Landau damping is kinematically suppressed). This leaves open the question of whether the pair beam instability is turned off entirely, or can still proceed via the small-θ modes.
Observability of Substructures in the Planet-forming Disk in the (Sub)centimeter Wavelength with SKA and ngVLA
Authors: Wu 吴 Yinhao 寅昊 , Liu 刘 Shang-Fei 尚飞 , Jiang 蒋 Haochang 昊昌 , Nayakshin Sergei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Current imaging observations of protoplanetary disks using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) primarily focus on the submillimeter wavelength, leaving a gap in effective observational approaches for centimeter-sized dust, which is crucial to the issue of planet formation. The forthcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and ngVLA may rectify this deficiency. In this paper, we employ multifluid hydrodynamic numerical simulations and radiative transfer calculations to investigate the potential of SKA1-Mid, ngVLA, and SKA2 for imaging protoplanetary disks at subcentimeter/centimeter wavelengths. We create mock images with ALMA/SKA/ngVLA at multiwavelengths based on the hydrodynamical simulation output and test different sensitivity and spatial resolutions. We discover that both SKA and ngVLA will serve as excellent supplements to the existing observational range of ALMA, and their high resolution enables them to image substructures in the disk’s inner region (∼5 au from the stellar). Our results indicate that SKA and ngVLA can be utilized for more extended monitoring programs in the centimeter wave band. While in the subcentimeter range, ngVLA possesses the capability to produce high-fidelity images within shorter observation times (∼1 hr on source time) than previous research, holding potential for future survey observations. We also discuss for the first time the potential of SKA2 for observing protoplanetary disks at a 0.7 cm wavelength.
An Exactly Energy-conserving Electromagnetic Particle-in-cell Method in Curvilinear Coordinates
Authors: Croonen J. , Pezzini L. , Bacchini F. , Lapenta G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce and discuss an exactly energy-conserving particle-in-cell method for arbitrary curvilinear coordinates. The flexibility provided by curvilinear coordinates enables the study of plasmas in complex-shaped domains by aligning the grid to the given geometry or by focusing grid resolution on regions of interest without overresolving the surrounding, potentially uninteresting domain. We have achieved this through the introduction of the metric tensor, the Jacobian matrix, and contravariant operators combined with an energy-conserving fully implicit solver. We demonstrate the method’s capabilities using a Python implementation to study several one- and two-dimensional test cases: the electrostatic two-stream instability, the electromagnetic Weibel instability, and the geomagnetic environment modeling reconnection challenge. The test results confirm the capability of our new method to reproduce theoretical expectations (e.g., instability growth rates) and the corresponding results obtained with a Cartesian uniform grid when using curvilinear grids. Simultaneously, we show that the method conserves energy to machine precision in all cases.
Les éternelles questions existentielles
Authors: Citot Vincent 
Published: April 2024

La philosophie, dans toutes ses dimensions et spécialités, est une activité qui s’exerce en contexte (historique, culturel et sociopolitique) en même temps qu’elle ambitionne de s’élever à l’universel et au transculturel. Mais le poids du contexte n’affecte pas identiquement tous les champs de la discipline. Dans le domaine cognitif, il est écrasant ; dans le domaine axiologique, il est modéré ; dans le domaine pratique, il est léger. Les questionnements existentiels, qui relèvent de la philosophie pratique, sont particulièrement peu contextualisés. Ils sont presque invariables, parce que l’existence humaine est, au fond, assez semblable à elle-même par-delà la diversité des existants. L’universalisme existentiel est d’un autre ordre que l’universalisme théorique.
Transgressions
Authors: Dechaud-Ferbus Monique 
Published: April 2024

Le recours au corps, notamment au toucher, dans la PPC, a pu apparaître transgressif et a souvent éveillé la suspicion concernant la séduction, l’érotisation et la suggestion ; il se révèle cependant nécessaire pour revenir aux fondements de l’appareil psychique. L’élaboration du contre-transfert de l’analyste permet à ce dernier d’en éviter les écueils. Au stade du passage par l’acte qu’est le toucher prégénital, les manifestations du vécu échotactile redynamisent le fonctionnement psychique pour aboutir au double interdit du toucher œdipien.
Facteurs socio-familiaux liés à l’abus de consommation de cannabis vus au service de psychiatrie de Morafeno Antsiranana
Authors: Barihely Bienvenido , Tonina Roxane , Ravonirina Eric Alson , Zanadaory  , Andriamiakatsoa Raobelle Evah Norotiana , Raharivelo Adeline 
Published: April 2024

Introduction : Le cannabis est la substance illicite la plus consommée dans le monde, et intéresse la population jeune. L’objectif de cette étude était de décrire les facteurs socio-familiaux liés à l’abus de consommation de cannabis. Méthodologie : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective, descriptive et monocentrique des patients consommateurs de cannabis admis au service de psychiatrie de Morafeno Antsiranana, sur une période de 3 ans. Résultats : Parmi les 551 patients hospitalisés, et 88 ont été sélectionnés. L’âge moyen a été 24,43 ans, majoritairement de genre masculin (96,6 %) dont 93,2 % ont fumé en groupe, 80, 7 % ont été célibataire et 63,6 % ont été vécu dans d’une famille monoparentale. L’influence de groupe (62,5 %) a dominé le motif de consommation. Conclusion : Cette substance intéresse un certain nombre d’individus. La connaissance des facteurs liés à cette consommation pourrait contribuer à freiner sa progression.
Adapter l’intervention sociale à l’exclusion rurale
Authors: Maisin Charlotte 
Published: April 2024

Comment le travail social s’organise-t-il au sein des territoires wallons ruraux ? Comment envisager et organiser la couverture de quartiers situés hors des villes et des agglomérations, peu desservis en transports en commun ? Comment y détecte-t-on les situations de fragilité, de désaffiliation, de stigmatisation ? Cet article propose un récit des savoirs professionnels, donnant à voir les difficultés et les leviers de dispositifs de terrain dans l’accompagnement de la parentalité et des familles précarisées et marginalisées vivant au sein des territoires isolés de Wallonie.
Christian Baudelot. Un sociologue collectif
Authors: Serre Delphine 
Published: April 2024

Christian Baudelot est l’auteur d’ouvrages majeurs sur l’école, co-écrits avec Roger Establet ( L’école capitaliste en France, Le niveau monte , Allez les filles ! ) et de nombreux autres explorant l’ampleur des inégalités dans des domaines divers (salaires, suicides, lecture des jeunes, travail, greffe avec donneur vivant, etc.). Né en 1938, il découvre la sociologie dans le contexte intellectuel des années 1960 et se familiarise avec l’enquête statistique dont il restera un fervent adepte et pédagogue toute sa carrière. Dans son parcours, il revient sur sa formation, sa carrière, sa pratique collective de la sociologie et sur les expériences conjugales et pédagogiques qui l’ont conduit à s’intéresser aux inégalités entre femmes et hommes et plus seulement aux inégalités de classe.
Pecto-intercostal Fascial Plane Block: A Novel Technique for Analgesia in Patients with Sternal Dehiscence
Authors: Joshi Pooja , Borde Deepak , Apsingekar Pramod , Pande Swati , Tandale Mangesh , Deodhar Anand , Jangle Sachin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Sternal wound complications following sternotomy need a multidisciplinary approach in high-risk postoperative cardiac surgical patients. Poorly controlled pain during surgical management of such wounds increases cardiovascular stress and respiratory complications. Multimodal analgesia including intravenous opioids, non-opioid analgesics, and regional anesthesia techniques, like central neuraxial blocks and fascial plane blocks, have been described. Pecto-intercostal fascial plane block (PIFB), a novel technique, has been effectively used in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Under ultrasound (US) guidance PIFB is performed with the aim of depositing local anesthetic between two superficial muscles, namely the pectoralis major muscle and the external intercostal muscle. The authors report a series of five cases where US-guided bilateral PIFB was used in patients undergoing sternal wound debridement. Patients had excellent analgesia intraoperatively as well as postoperatively for 24 hours with minimal requirement of supplemental analgesia. None of the patients experienced complications due to PIFB administration. The authors concluded that bilateral PIFB can be effectively used as an adjunct to multimodal analgesia with general anesthesia and as a sole anesthesia technique in selected cases of sternal wound debridement.