bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Earthquake Source Durations along the Sumatra–Andaman Subduction System to Examine Fault-Zone Variations
Authors: Bilek Susan L. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The 26 December 2004 great Sumatran–Andaman earthquake in the Indian Ocean caused extensive damage and loss of life from intense shaking and the resulting tsunami. Several studies of this earthquake suggest that portions of the fault ruptured at variable speeds, with both fast and slow rupture velocities observed along the 1200 km long rupture length. Variations in rupture velocity during the earthquake may indicate along-strike variations in megathrust frictional conditions that may influence other earthquakes along the zone. Previous work on global subduction zone systems suggests depth-dependent frictional conditions arising from heterogeneous conditions along the fault. In many of the circum-Pacific subduction zones, shallow earthquakes along the subduction megathrust have longer scaled source durations than deeper earthquakes, possibly resulting from variations in frictional conditions with depth. This study focuses on thrust mechanism earthquakes on the Sumatra– Andaman megathrust, examining aftershocks with Mw &gt;6.0 of the 2004 earthquake, as well as earthquakes that occurred in the region between 1992 and 2004. Source duration, depth, and slip distribution are determined for this set of earthquakes to explore the possibility of both along-strike and depth-dependent variations in source parameters and frictional conditions. There is evidence of depth-dependent source parameters for these events, with longer scaled durations for the shallower earthquakes, consistent with previous global studies. No temporal change is apparent in this relationship, as source parameters for previous large earthquakes are similar to those after the earthquake. Along-strike patterns suggest long-duration character for several earthquakes in the southern portion of the rupture zone but no strong evidence of slow character in the northern portion of the rupture zone. It appears unlikely that any long-term variations in the fault-zone character influenced possible slow rupture of the 2004 earthquake.
New late Pleistocene seismites in a shoreline series including eolianites, north of Rabat (Morocco)
Authors: Plaziat Jean-Claude , Aberkan M’hamed , Reyss Jean-Louis 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The high coastal cliffs of Sidi Moussa reveal a complex, reliably dated coastal series of Late Pleistocene age. The lagoon, beach and dunes sequence shows repeated seismically induced deformation. These seismites range from the classic hydroplastic load-casts and convolute laminations to a new type of seismite, which corresponds to an oblique fracturation with respect to the horizontal substratum, parallel to the leeside bedding (avalanche foresets) of the overlying dune sequence. Three major earthquakes are thus identified in two high sea-level deposits (lagoonal and paleocliff foot beach), both related to Eemian sea-level peaks (Marine Isotope Stages, MIS 5.53; 5.51), associated with shoreline dune complexes (MIS 5.52; 5.54). The most destructive historical earthquake to affect this Moroccan coast is the so-called Lisbon, 1755 megaseism , the 350 km eastward Atlantic origin of which must be excluded because stratigraphic analysis locally demonstrates repeated co-seismic subsidence. Rather, the tectonic history of the Gharb foreland basin (basement faults reactivation) accounts for the location of major seismicity changing from the Neogene to Pleistocene to the recent times activity.
This example of paleo-earthquake reconstruction demonstrates the need for precise chronology and environmental interpretation of the host sedimentary sequence. The discovery of a new structure-type also exemplifies the unbounded diversity of syn-diagenetic seismites, including those found in early lithified eolianites.
Transient Behavior of Annular Pressure Build-up in HP/HT Wells
Authors: Oudeman P. , Kerem M. 
Published: January 2007

Summary
Pressure buildup, caused by fluid thermal expansion in sealed annuli of high-presure/high-temperature (HP/HT) wells, can have serious consequences such as casing failure or tubing collapse. To determine whether mitigation was required for a HP/HT development, annular pressures in an appraisal well were studied with a dedicated field test, which consisted of running a pressure/temperature memory gauge in a casing/casing annulus of a well, and testing the well several times during a 3-month period, after which the gauge was retrieved, and the data were read out.
First of all, comparison of the magnitude of the observed annular pressures with the burst and collapse ratings of the casings shows that annular pressure buildup is a serious consideration in casing design. Such design is to be based on theoretical models for annular pressure buildup. The data acquired with the test serve to validate these models.
The data demonstrate that, in general, the theoretical models overpredicted pressure buildup in the annulus. This overprediction was more pronounced at higher temperatures (and pressures) than at lower temperatures, which could not be explained by mechanical factors such as casing ballooning. The influence of these factors was quantified by analyzing the transient pressure response of the annulus. Neither could permanent leakoff of completion fluids explain the discrepancy between theory and test. Leakoff of the annular fluids, which was seen to dominate pressure development during a previous test in a well with a cement shortfall between casings, does not play a significant role in this fully cemented and sealed annulus. This left (1) the properties of the completion fluids differing from the properties of the base fluid (water), and (2) temporary leakoff to near-wellbore fracture systems through the microannuli between cement sheaths and casings as explanations for the observed overprediction. Therefore, estimates on the basis of pure water properties, considering the annulus to be a perfectly pressure-tight vessel, can be considered a worst-case estimate for pressure buildup and a safe basis for design.
True Hybrid Operations Combining Coiled-Tubing Drilling and Conventional Rig Workover Techniques and Practices
Authors: Cassee Udo , Rock Devin , Kara Dan , McLaughlin Sean 
Published: January 2007

SummaryThis paper documents the results of a new stage of development in the application of coiled-tubing drilling (CTD). Combining CTD technology with a conventional jointed-pipe workover capability represents the next-step change in providing low-cost reserves access solutions through selection of the most efficient tool for the application.Drilling sidetracks using coiled tubing is an established practice in Alaska's North Slope oil fields. During these operations, the use of jointed pipe was avoided, except for running liners, with the CTD rig. A conventional workover rig was the preferred approach to prepare the coiled-tubing candidate well when it required a changeout of production tubing or other workover activity.In 2001, a North Slope operator evaluated the opportunity to utilize one rig to perform both operations. In 2002, a workover rig was modified to fit the need.Integrating two established technologies presented many challenges. Specialized equipment, multidisciplinary personnel, and control of overall well cost are just a few of the many parts of the operation to be planned. This paper details the results, problems encountered, solutions, and a quantification of the real benefits achieved combining CTD with a jointed pipe workover.
New Water-Based Mud Balances High-Performance Drilling and Environmental Compliance
Authors: Dye William , d'Augereau Ken , Hansen Nels , Otto Michael , Shoults Larry , Leaper Richard , Clapper Dennis , Xiang Tao 
Published: January 2007

SummaryA new water-based mud system was successfully introduced as a high-performance, environmentally compliant alternative to oil and synthetic emulsion-based muds (OBM/SBM). Historically, emulsion muds have been the systems of choice when drilling challenging onshore, continental shelf, and deepwater wells to minimize risk, maximize drilling performance, and reduce costs. However, environmental constraints, a high frequency of lost circulation, and the high unit cost of emulsion systems sometimes negate the benefits of their use. Conventional water-based muds (WBM) offer the benefits of environmental compliance, attractive logistics, and a relatively low unit cost but consistently fail to approach the drilling performance of OBM and SBM.The new high-performance, water-based mud (HPWBM) is designed to close the significant drilling performance gap between conventional WBM and emulsion-based mud systems. The system has undergone extensive field testing on very challenging onshore, deepwater, and continental shelf wells that would otherwise have been drilled with oil or synthetic-based muds. This paper provides a detailed, technical overview of the new system, discusses its inherent environmental advantages, and presents case histories comparing performance to offset wells drilled with emulsion and conventional WBM systems.
Well-Control Procedures for Dual Gradient Drilling as Compared to Conventional Riser Drilling
Authors: Schubert J. J. , Juvkam-Wold H. C. , Choe J. 
Published: January 2007

SummaryTo meet the world's increasing demand for energy, petroleum-producing companies must search for oil and gas in increasingly hostile environments. One area showing great promise is in the deepwater areas of the US Gulf of Mexico. This is evidenced by increased lease sales and drilling activity that have occurred there within the recent years. As drilling moves into deeper waters, new technologies must be developed for safe and successful operations.Around 1996, four projects were initiated to develop dual-gradient drilling (DGD) technology for use in water depths greater than 5,000 ft. The four projects are Shell Oil Co.'s project (Gonzalez 2000), the SubSea MudLift Drilling Joint Industry Project (Smith 2000) (SMD), the Deep Vision project (Sjoberg 2000), and Maurer Technology's Hollow Glass Spheres project (Maurer 2000). Several publications have discussed the advantages that DGD technology has over conventional deepwater drilling in ultradeepwaters (Gault 1996; Schubert 1999; Smith et al. 1999).Although the advantages of the dual-gradient projects are well documented, there has been little published on one of the major concerns expressed by all four projects. That is, how does well control differ for Dual-Gradient Drilling as compared to conventional riser drilling (Schubert 1999; Juvkam-Wold and Schubert 2000; Weddle and Schubert 2000)? This paper reports on a comparison of the well-control aspects of DGD to those of conventional riser drilling. It is based on the work that the authors performed as part of the SMD project.
Serial Logic: Folklore and Difference in the Age of Feel-Good Multiculturalism
Authors: Lau Kimberly J. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The serialization of products and events appeals to consumer desires in ways that also influence folkloristic paradigms for sharing cultural knowledges and presenting cultural arts. This article seeks to identify the logic of serialization and to problematize its relationship to our marketing of folk practices in the social context of feel-good multiculturalism.
Digression and Insertion in a Belizean Folktale
Authors: Thomas Chad Ryan 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
In folk stories, digressions and insertions can embody information about the narrator’s storytelling strategy. A recently collected Belizean folktale demonstrates this. In a digression, the narrator leaves the narrative context. An insertion is where one part of the narrative intrudes on another. A digression may clarify the narrator’s job, provide commentary, or explain the story. An insertion may reinforce a point or increase suspense while elaborating on setting.
Go-between: The Roles of Native American Women and Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in Southern Texas in the 16th Century
Authors: Wade Mariah 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca’s Naufragios y Comentarios con Dos Cartas y Relación de Hernando de Ribera is unique because it is the first document about contact between Europeans and Native Americans in Texas, and it is the only document, for this area, in which the rules of the game were reversed and the colonizer became Other to those he came to colonize. This 1540s narrative is rich in cultural material about the native groups encountered and particularly the roles of Native American women.
Powwow Patter: Indian Emcee Discourse on Power and Identity
Authors: Gelo Daniel J. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEmcees of southern Plains Indian powwows are distinctive verbal artists and agents in the continuing negotiation of Indian identity. Their formal announcements and jovial patter construct an overtly "Indian" space and time while fostering discourse on ethnicity, a discourse that carries over into other settings through traditional transmission of the emcee’s jokes and observations. Examples are drawn from 15 years of fieldwork at Comanche, Kiowa, Pawnee, and Alabama-Coushatta events.
The Carriacou Mas’ as "Syncretic Artifact"
Authors: Fayer Joan M. , McMurray Joan F. 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Competitive performances of speeches from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar at village crossroads by pairs of costumed men are part of the carnival celebrations in Carriacou. Poor or inaccurate recitations result in the whipping of one mas’ player by his opponent and a challenge for additional recitations by another player. These performances, which are similar to those that once existed on other Anglophone West Indian islands, combine English mummers, European carnival, and West African traditions.
The Uses of Folklore by the Franco Regime
Authors: Ortiz Carmen 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe role that popular tradition, invented or "genuine" but presented from a privileged position, plays in nationalist political movements is well known. Similar to other totalitarian systems, the Spanish Francoist regime (1939-75) appropriated and misused folklore in various ways. In this article I survey several of these uses, such as the strengthening of political legitimacy—actually enforced through a coup and a bloody civil war—by resorting to some supposedly pristine, spiritual values of the Spanish people, as symbolized by the peasantry. Other uses of folklore were the practical exploitation of models, symbols, and characters of traditional poetry to present an epic image of Franco and his regime and the recourse to folk music presentations abroad with diplomatic and propagandistic purposes.
"Do Unto Others as You Would Have Them Do Unto You": Frederick Douglass’s Proverbial Struggle for Civil Rights
Authors: Mieder Wolfgang 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAs a deeply religious person, Frederick Douglass (1818-95) relied heavily on biblical proverbs to strengthen the social and moral statements in his debates, lectures, and writings. But while the biblical proverbs provided religious authority to Douglass’s deliberations, he was also very much aware of the social significance of folk proverbs in his fight against slavery and for civil rights. The proverbs function as authoritative and collective statements, and they serve as important social and moral messages. As such, proverbs show themselves to be traditional wisdom well suited to becoming verbal weapons in the fight for freedom, democracy, and civil rights.
Otomí Rituals and Celebrations: Crosses, Ancestors, and Resurrection
Authors: Correa Phyllis M. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn the case presented in this article, an elderly resident from a rural community inundated by a large dam built in the late 1960s in central Mexico continues to celebrate a variety of rituals and ceremonies throughout the year. With his family and a few close friends, he venerates the community’s founding ancestors and sacred images in his home on the outskirts of San Miguel de Allende. As a result, despite the loss of the original community and the dispersal of its inhabitants, the traditions, values, and beliefs conforming to a general Mesoamerican pattern with a particular Otomí configuration--which emphasizes the worship of crosses, Saint Michael the Archangel, Saint James, the four cardinal directions and winds, sacrifice, military conquest, and the ancestors--are transmitted to the extended family members who reside together. The article proposes, therefore, that popular religion in Mexico, while retaining a central core of prehispanic elements and beliefs that forms the basis for its ideology and cosmology, is not necessarily conservative or static. It is continually created and re-created as traditions are transmitted both orally and through participation in rituals and ceremonies, while it simultaneously responds and adjusts to changes caused by external and internal factors that constantly restructure the relationships and patterns of participation of individuals and groups throughout the region.
Chinese Funerals in San Francisco Chinatown: American Chinese Expressions in Mortuary Ritual Performance
Authors: Crowder Linda Sun 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
The public performance of funeral rituals in San Francisco Chinatown is a viewing lens through which the cultural identity of this famous ethnic community and tourist attraction is exposed. While the varied range of mortuary performances reveals the heterogeneous composition of a multiethnic Chinese place, the majority of funerals are of a standard ritual type that identifies the self-image of Chinatown as being modernized, urban Chinese. Modified and formulated in the U.S. context, the Chinatown funeral is a hybrid composite of traditional Chinese and Western cultural and religious elements. Crafted and constituted by Chinatown, these syncretic, Americanized funerals are American Chinese cultural expressions of a localized Chinatown culture.
Food Gifts: Ritual Exchange and the Production of Excess Meaning
Authors: Shuman Amy 
Published: January 2007

AbstractFood exchanges often produce excesses of meaning, and those excesses can be spaces for maintaining or renegotiating social relationships. The Jewish festival of Purim enacts symbolic inversions of everyday cultural practices that produce excesses of food and food exchanges that symbolically threaten religious, social, and interpersonal social categories. Building on theories of gift exchange, from Marcel Mauss to Annette Weiner, I explore the limits and capacities of reciprocity to negotiate social relationships.
Politics on the Pavement: Haitian Rara as a Traditionalizing Process
Authors: Largey Michael 
Published: January 2007

Abstract
Rara is a Haitian Lenten festival that features exuberant dancing and singing as well as strong connections to the Haitian traditional religion known as Vodou. This article examines Rara as a traditionalizing process that creates discursive space for lower-class Haitians to include themselves as agents in Haitian history and politics. By analyzing the products of Rara performances--song texts, street performances, and narratives about past Rara celebrations--in their complex social and historical contexts, it is possible to see Rara performances not merely as entertaining diversions but as shaping influences on Haitians’ understanding of their political reality.
"Authentic Audience" inP’ansori, a Korean Storytelling Tradition
Authors: Park Chan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn labor and in leisure, the concept of p’an is an imagined frame of wholehearted participation, where "performance" is sublimated as a processual ritual of "flow." P’ansori, a storytelling tradition of folk origin, is a p’an whereby performer and audience engage in a mutually reflexive communion of performance and reception. Removed from its cultural context and designated as "national treasure," its theater assumes a ritual of tradition making.
Fluctuating asymmetry and stress in a medieval Nubian population
Authors: DeLeon Valerie B. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractFluctuating asymmetry is commonly used as a bioindicator of developmental stress. This study addresses asymmetry under nutritional/systemic stress in the human craniofacial skeleton and its utility as an indicator of developmental instability. Crania from the diachronic Christian cemeteries at Kulubnarti (Sudanese Nubia) were chosen as a model for nutrition/systemic stress. Previous studies indicate that individuals from the Early Christian cemetery were subjected to greater developmental stress when compared with individuals from the Late Christian cemetery. Therefore, crania from the Early Christian cemetery should display a greater magnitude of fluctuating asymmetry than crania from the Late Christian cemetery. Thirty adult crania of comparable age and sex were selected from each population. Landmark coordinates were digitized in two separate trials and averaged to minimize error. Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA) was used to measure and compare the magnitude of fluctuating asymmetry in each sample. Results indicate that crania from the Early Christian cemetery display greater amounts of fluctuating asymmetry than those from the Late Christian cemetery, as predicted. The degree of fluctuating asymmetry for each linear distance is highly correlated between the cemeteries, suggesting that all humans may share common patterns of fluctuating asymmetry in the skull. In contrast, there is little correlation between magnitude of fluctuating asymmetry and length of linear distance, between‐subject variability, or measurement error. These results support the hypothesis that poor nutrition/systemic stress increases developmental instability in the human skull and that increased fluctuating asymmetry constitutes morphological evidence of this stress. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interfacial properties of highly oriented coextruded polypropylene tapes for the creation of recyclable all‐polypropylene composites
Authors: Alcock B. , Cabrera N. O. , Barkoula N.‐M. , Loos J. , Peijs T. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe creation of highly oriented, coextruded polypropylene (PP) tapes allows the production of novel, wholly thermoplastic, recyclable “all‐polypropylene” (all‐PP) composites, which possess both a large temperature processing window (>30°C) and a high volume fraction of reinforcement phase (highly oriented PP tapes: >90%). This large processing window is achieved by using coextruded, highly drawn PP tapes. To achieve coherent all‐PP composites the interfacial characteristics following consolidation must be understood. This article investigates the interfacial characteristics of these coextruded tapes by using microcomposite models to create interfaces between tapes of varying draw ratios, drawing temperatures, skin/core ratios, and skin layer thicknesses. The tape drawing parameters are seen to control the interfacial properties in subsequent microcomposite models. The failure mode of these specimens, and hence bond strength, varies with consolidation temperature, and a model is proposed describing and explaining this behavior. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 118–129, 2007