bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Atomic Layer Deposition Processes with Nanowire‐Assisted TEM Analysis
Authors: Schweizer Peter , Vogl Lilian M. , Maeder Xavier , Utke Ivo , Michler Johann 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAtomic layer deposition (ALD) is one of the premier methods to synthesize ultra‐thin materials on complex surfaces. The technique allows for precise control of the thickness down to single atomic layers, while at the same time providing uniform coverage even for structures with extreme aspect ratios such as deep trenches or wires. While many materials can be readily deposited using ALD there is still a lot of research going on to make other materials more accessible. When establishing a new process or adapting an existing process to a new reactor, precise optimization of the deposition parameters is necessary. However, characterizing the parameters of deposition rate, uniformity, composition, and structure is a challenging and time‐consuming task. Here a method is presented to optimize these process parameters during ALD deposition using high‐aspect ratio nanowires and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Nanowire samples are prepared directly on TEM grids that are put into the ALD reactor during deposition. Within min of the process the coated nanowires can be analyzed by TEM to obtain the thickness of the layers, chemical composition, crystallinity, and conformality of the coating. This allows for a high testing throughput and subsequently a rapid optimization of deposition parameters.
Ribbontail Stingray Skin Employs a Core–Shell Photonic Glass Ultrastructure to Make Blue Structural Color
Authors: Surapaneni Venkata A. , Blumer Michael J. , Tadayon Kian , McIvor Ashlie J. , Redl Stefan , Honis Hanne‐Rose , Mollen Frederik H. , Amini Shahrouz , Dean Mason N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractStructural blue colors are common in animals, with the tissue nanostructures and material systems that produce them—especially bright blues—typically based on highly ordered nano‐architectures. In this study, we describe an unusually bright and angle‐independent structural blue from the skin of ribbontail stingray, arising from a more disordered array of scattering elements with a previously undescribed core–shell ultrastructure, involving nano‐vesicles enclosing guanine nano‐platelets. We show that this skin architecture functions as an intracellular photonic glass, coherently scattering blue, while broadband absorption from closely associated melanophores obviates the low color saturation typical for photonic glasses. Our characterization of skin ultrastructure and color in a stingray demonstrates how disordered systems can be harnessed to produce brilliant hues while illustrating that the capacity for guanine‐based colors likely arose extremely early in vertebrate evolution. Moreover, the material‐structure‐function associations underlying ribbontail stingray coloration, employing two distinct photonic phenomena, illustrate how the evolution of nanoscale architectures can have profound effects at much larger size scales (e.g., in visual ecology and communication), and provide fundamental guidelines for color‐saturated manmade photonic glasses.
Photopolymerized 3D Printing Materials for Optical Elements
Authors: Chen Yundong , Ye Piaoran , Huang Long , Zhao Shaoqing , Zhang Han , Wang Zhi , Liu Yuqing , Liu Hua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe optical element is a key part of manufacturing optoelectronic systems, which can realize functions such as imaging, spectroscopy, image transmission, filtering, and more. The design and manufacture of optical elements is a key issue that restricts its development, and the traditional optical component preparation method is less capable of preparing optical elements with complex structures and multiple materials. As a mature advanced manufacturing technology, photopolymerization 3D printing technology has the advantages of high printing precision and small layer thickness, which plays an important role in the preparation of optical elements. This review paper briefly provides a concise overview of the benefits and applications of photopolymerization 3D printing technology in optical element preparation The development overview and research progress of materials used for the preparation of optical elements by photopolymerization 3D printing are discussed. Finally, it summarizes the current limitations, challenges, future development prospects, and potential applications in the realm of optical element manufacturing.
Retraction: Organic Cocrystal Design to Promote Absorption and Triplet Excitons Formation for Sensitive Scintillator
Authors: Lei Yutian , Peng Guoqiang , Xu Youkui , Wang Haoxu , Li ZhenHua , Jin Zhiwen 
Published: March 2024

Adv. Optical Mater. 2024, 12, 2302068https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202302068The above article, published online on 23 November 2023 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, Anja Wecker, and Wiley‐VCH GmbH. The authors reported that time‐resolved fs‐TA spectroscopy test results presented in Figure 4a–c were not replicable in further experiments and determined that the discussions and conclusions are not reliable, and so the paper must be retracted. The authors agree to this retraction.
Visible Light Catalyzed Stannylation of Aryl Halides
Authors: Qiu Di , Ren Qianhang , Yue Guanglu , Chen Meng , Fagnoni Maurizio , Protti Stefano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA visible light‐mediated strategy for the preparation of aromatic stannanes from aryl halides (mostly aryl bromides) is presented herein. The reaction proceeds under metal‐ and additive‐free conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope. The products obtained have been employed in the C−C bond formation via Stille cross‐coupling reactions. Mechanistic investigation evidenced the key role of both aryl radical and trimethylstannyl radical in Ar−Sn bond formation.
Advancing Emergency Supplies Management: A Blockchain‐Based Traceability System for Cold‐Chain Medicine Logistics
Authors: Zeng Wang , Wang Yuzhi , Liang Kaibo , Li Jianlan , Niu Xinyue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdvancing cold‐chain medicine logistics and emergency supplies management necessitates a robust blockchain‐based traceability system. This specialized information system is essential for enhancing quality control and operational efficiency. Despite challenges like insufficient supplies, ineffective distribution, and delays, blockchain's transparency and traceability offer significant potential to revolutionize national emergency management. This paper presents a blockchain‐based traceability system tailored for cold‐chain medicine logistics. This system achieves traceability and automatic medicine quality assessment by integrating blockchain principles and leveraging hazard analysis theory combined with IoT technology. This system also enhances data reliability with a multi‐sensor data fusion algorithm, improving temperature accuracy beyond conventional methods. Additionally, the feasibility and necessity of integrating blockchain into cold‐chain pharmaceutical traceability processes is thoroughly examined. The proposed system fulfills traceability needs for emergency cold‐chain medicine while addressing industry challenges.
Bayesian Optimization with Experience for Fast Development of Monolithic Tandem Solar Cells: Simulation Case Study
Authors: Tsoi Konstantin , Yerci Selçuk 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) is gaining more attention in photovoltaic research and will be a vital tool in reaching record‐high power conversion efficiencies (PCE) in the near future. One area, where ML is significantly beneficial is reducing the number of experiments needed to find the optimum combination of parameters in solar cell fabrication. Bayesian optimization (BO) provides routes for quickly identifying optimum parameters in problems with large parameter space. In this work, BO algorithms utilizing previous knowledge are demonstrated to result in faster optimization of tandem solar cells, a technology rapidly gaining more interest due to its potential to deliver record‐high performance. Namely, it is shown that in the space of all possible parameter combinations that take ≈88 years to evaluate, optimum PCE can be obtained in 20 min. Moreover, it is demonstrated that methods utilizing previous knowledge outperform those that do not by yielding an increase of ≈8.9%abs. in the 1st iteration and requiring 5× less time to reach a target PCE of 38.5% across 20 different trials. Results from this work help accelerate the development of tandem solar cells by removing the need for large numbers of experiments in identifying optimum parameters.
Multivalent Aptamer‐Based Lysosome‐Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) Platform for Mono‐ or Dual‐Targeted Proteins Degradation on Cell Surface
Authors: Duan Qiao , Jia Hao‐Ran , Chen Weichang , Qin Chunhong , Zhang Kejing , Jia Fei , Fu Ting , Wei Yong , Fan Mengyang , Wu Qin , Tan Weihong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSelective protein degradation platforms have opened novel avenues in therapeutic development and biological inquiry. Antibody‐based lysosome‐targeting chimeras (LYTACs) have emerged as a promising technology that extends the scope of targeted protein degradation to extracellular targets. Aptamers offer an advantageous alternative owing to their potential for modification and manipulation toward a multivalent state. In this study, a chemically engineered platform of multivalent aptamer‐based LYTACs (AptLYTACs) is established for the targeted degradation of either single or dual protein targets. Leveraging the biotin‐streptavidin system as a molecular scaffold, this investigation reveals that trivalently mono‐targeted AptLYTACs demonstrate optimum efficiency in degrading membrane proteins. The development of this multivalent AptLYTACs platform provides a principle of concept for mono‐/dual‐targets degradation, expanding the possibilities of targeted protein degradation.
Active Dual‐Protein Coating Assisted by Stepwise Protein–Protein Interactions Assembly Reduces Thrombosis and Infection
Authors: Zhang Wentai , Zhang Jiangling , Hu Fangkun , Wang Wenxuan , Du Zeyu , Ke You , Ma Qing , Mou Xiaohui , Lu Jing , Yang Zhilu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUniversal protein coatings have recently gained wide interest in medical applications due to their biocompatibility and ease of fabrication. However, the challenge persists in protein activity preservation, significantly complicating the functional design of these coatings. Herein, an active dual‐protein surface engineering strategy assisted by a facile stepwise protein–protein interactions assembly (SPPIA) method for catheters to reduce clot formation and infection is proposed. This strategy is realized first by the partial oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LZM) for creating stable nucleation platforms via hydrophobic interaction, followed by the assembly of nonoxidized BSA (pI, the isoelectric point, ≈4.7) and LZM (pI ≈11) through electrostatic interaction owing to their opposite charge under neutral conditions. The SPPIA method effectively preserves the conformation and functionality of both BSA and LZM, thus endowing the resultant coating with potent antithrombotic and bactericidal properties. Furthermore, the stable nucleation platform ensures the adhesion and durability of the coating, resisting thrombosis and bacterial proliferation even after 15 days of PBS immersion. Overall, the SPPIA approach not only provides a new strategy for the fabrication of active protein coatings but also shows promise for the surface engineering technology of catheters.
Integrating Full‐Color 2D Optical Waveguide and Heterojunction Engineering in Halide Microsheets for Multichannel Photonic Logical Gates
Authors: Xing Chang , Zhou Bo , Yan Dongpeng , Fang Wei‐Hai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnsuring information security has emerged as a paramount concern in contemporary human society. Substantial advancements in this regard can be achieved by leveraging photonic signals as the primary information carriers, utilizing photonic logical gates capable of wavelength tunability across various time and spatial domains. However, the challenge remains in the rational design of materials possessing space‐time‐color multiple‐resolution capabilities. In this work, a facile approach is proposed for crafting metal‐organic halides (MOHs) that offer space‐time‐color resolution. These MOHs integrate time‐resolved room temperature phosphorescence and color‐resolved excitation wavelength dependencies with both space‐resolved ex situ optical waveguides and in situ heterojunctions. Capitalizing on these multifaceted properties, MOHs‐based two‐dimensional (2D) optical waveguides and heterojunctions exhibit the ability to tune full‐color emissions across the spectra from blue to red, operating within different spatial and temporal scales. Therefore, this work introduces an effective methodology for engineering space‐time‐color resolved MOH microstructures, holding significant promise for the development of high‐density photonic logical devices.
Synergistic Regulation of Intrinsic Lithiophilicity and Mass Transport Kinetics of Non‐Lithium‐Alloying Nucleation Sites for Stable Operation of Low N/P Ratio Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Bae Minjun , Park Sung‐Joon , Kim Minki , Kwon Eunji , Yu Seungho , Choi Juhyung , Chang Yujin , Kim Yonghwan , Choi Yoon Jeong , Hong Hwichan , Lin Liwei , Zhang Wang , Park Seungman , Maeng Ji Young , Park Jungjin , Lee Seung‐Yong , Yu Seung‐Ho , Piao Yuanzhe 
Published: March 2024

AbstractConstructing functional materials on a 3D host is an efficient strategy to tackle issues of lithium (Li) metal anodes. Although non‐Li‐alloying materials provide structural stability during cycling due to reduced lattice distortions, low lithiophilicity and sluggish mass transport kinetics limit their functionality. Herein, a synergistic strategy is proposed to improve intrinsic lithiophilicity and mass transport kinetics of non‐Li‐alloying nucleation sites and demonstrate its remarkable efficacy. Two carbon fiber (CF) hosts coated by non‐Li‐alloying nanosheets with and without oxygen‐enriched carbon filler (OCF) as lithiophilicity and mass transport booster (OCF‐DSC@CF and DSC@CF, respectively) are constructed and their physiochemical properties are systematically evaluated to reveal the efficacy of OCF. By advanced characterization techniques, including 3D tomography and location‐dependent electron energy loss spectroscopies, the complex heterostructure of OCF‐DSC@CF with distinctive roles of each constituent is clearly identified. As verified by theoretical and electrochemical analyses, the incorporation of OCF endows OCF‐DSC@CF with substantially improved lithiophilicity and mass transport kinetics. Moreover, OCF‐DSC@CF induces a multifunctional SEI enriched with LiF and LiCx, which exhibits well‐balanced electrical resistivity and ionic conductivity. Benefiting from these attributes, OCF‐DSC@CF exhibits an unprecedented cyclability under a low N/P ratio of 1.8, achieving 700 cycles at 0.5C with an exceptional capacity retention of 97.8%.
A mixed methods assessment of technical and financial assistance to small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises in Kenya's food sector
Authors: Nakasone Eduardo , Porter Maria , Maredia Mywish K. , Jones Andrew , Tschirley David 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe study the impact of providing consulting services and major capital infusions to small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food sector in Kenya. We exploit a quasi‐experimental design that matches treated firms with comparable firms that applied for the same support but were just short of scoring sufficient points to receive this support. Using mixed methods, this quantitative analysis is supplemented by in‐depth qualitative interviews, which provide further insights into the workings of the program. The program helped SMEs launch new products and increased numbers of employees. Interviewees described higher sales resulting from the major capital infusions they received.
An efficient photothermal conversion material based on D‐A type luminophore for solar‐driven desalination
Authors: Yang Jun‐Cheng , Wu Lin , Wang Le , Ren Runhua , Chen Pu , Qi Chunxuan , Feng Hai‐Tao , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for desalination. The photothermal conversion materials are at the core and play a key role in this field. Design of photothermal conversion materials based on organic dyes for desalination is still a challenge due to lack of efficient guiding strategy. Herein, a new D (donor)‐A (acceptor) type conjugated tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP) luminophore (namely TPP‐2IND) was prepared as a photothermal conversion molecule. It exhibited a broad absorption spectrum and strong π–π stacking in the solid state, resulting in efficient sunlight harvesting and boosting nonradiative decay. TPP‐2IND powder exhibited high photothermal efficiency upon 660 nm laser irradiation (0.9 W cm−2), and the surface temperature can reach to 200°C. Then, an interfacial heating system based on TPP‐2IND is established successfully. The water evaporation rate and the solar‐driven water evaporation efficiency were evaluated up to 1.04 kg m−2 h−1 and 65.8% under 1 sunlight, respectively. Thus, this novel solar‐driven heating system shows high potential for desalination and stimulates the development of advanced photothermal conversion materials.
Investigating the impact of hypertension with and without diabetes on Alzheimer's disease risk: A clinico‐pathological study
Authors: Ruthirakuhan Myuri , Swardfager Walter , Xiong Lisa , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Rabin Jennifer S. , Lanctôt Krista L. , Ottoy Julie , Ramirez Joel , Keith Julia , Black Sandra E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHypertension and diabetes are common cardiovascular risk factors that increase Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. However, it is unclear whether AD risk differs in hypertensive individuals with and without diabetes.METHODSCognitively normal individuals (N = 11,074) from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) were categorized as having (1) hypertension with diabetes (HTN+/DM+), (2) hypertension without diabetes (HTN+/DM‐), or (3) neither (HTN‐/DM‐). AD risk in HTN+/DM+ and HTN+/DM‐ was compared to HTN‐/DM‐. This risk was then investigated in those with AD neuropathology (ADNP), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), cerebrovascular neuropathology (CVNP), arteriolosclerosis, and atherosclerosis. Finally, AD risk in HTN‐/DM+ was compared to HTN‐/DM‐.RESULTSSeven percent (N = 830) of individuals developed AD. HTN+/DM+ (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.31 [1.19–1.44]) and HTN+/DM‐ (HR = 1.24 [1.17–1.32]) increased AD risk compared to HTN‐/DM‐. AD risk was greater in HTN+/DM+ with ADNP (HR = 2.10 [1.16–3.79]) and CAA (HR = 1.52 [1.09–2.12]), and in HTN+/DM‐ with CVNP (HR = 1.54 [1.17–2.03]). HTN‐/DM+ also increased AD risk (HR = 1.88 [1.30–2.72]) compared to HTN‐/DM‐.DISCUSSIONHTN+/DM+ and HTN+/DM‐ increased AD risk compared to HTN‐/DM‐, but pathological differences between groups suggest targeted therapies may be warranted based on cardiovascular risk profiles.Highlights
AD risk was studied in hypertensive (HTN+) individuals with/without diabetes (DM+/‐).
HTN+/DM+ and HTN+/DM‐ both had an increased risk of AD compared to HTN‐/DM‐.
Post mortem analysis identified neuropathological differences between HTN+/DM+ and HTN+/DM‐.
In HTN+/DM+, AD risk was greater in those with AD neuropathology and CAA.
In HTN+/DM‐, AD risk was greater in those with cerebrovascular neuropathology.
Analysis of agreement between measures of subjective cognitive impairment and probable dementia in the National Health and Aging Trends Study
Authors: Chyr Linda C. , Wolff Jennifer L. , Zissimopoulos Julie M. , Drabo Emmanuel F. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSubjective cognitive impairment (SCI) measures in population‐based surveys offer potential for dementia surveillance, yet their validation against established dementia measures is lacking.METHODSWe assessed agreement between SCI and a validated probable dementia algorithm in a random one‐third sample (n = 1936) of participants in the 2012 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS).RESULTSSCI was more prevalent than probable dementia (12.2% vs 8.4%). Agreement between measures was 90.0% and of substantial strength. Misclassification rates were higher among older and less‐educated subgroups due to higher prevalence of false‐positive misclassification but did not vary by sex or race and ethnicity.DISCUSSIONSCI sensitivity (63.4%) and specificity (92.5%) against dementia were comparable with similar metrics for the NHATS probable dementia measure against the “gold‐standard” Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study–based dementia criteria, implying that population‐based surveys may afford cost‐effective opportunities for dementia surveillance to assess risk and inform policy.Highlights
The prevalence of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) is generally higher than that of a validated measure of probable dementia, particularly within the youngest age group, females, Whites, and persons with a college or higher degree.
Percent agreement between SCI and a validated measure of probable dementia was 90.0% and of substantial strength (prevalence‐ and bias‐adjusted kappa, 0.80). Agreement rates were higher in older and less‐educated subgroups, driven by the higher prevalence of false‐positive disagreement, but did not vary significantly by sex or race and ethnicity.
SCI's overall sensitivity and specificity were 63.4% and 92.5%, respectively, against a validated measure of probable dementia, suggesting utility as a low‐cost option for dementia surveillance. Heterogeneity in agreement quality across subpopulations warrants caution in its use for subgroup analyses.
Metal‐Oxo Electronic Tuning via In Situ CO Decoration for Promoting Methane Conversion to Oxygenates over Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Xu Weibin , Liu Han‐Xuan , Hu Yue , Wang Zhen , Huang Zheng‐Qing , Huang Chuande , Lin Jian , Chang Chun‐Ran , Wang Aiqin , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Tao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDirect methane conversion (DMC) to oxygenates at low temperature is of great value but remains challenging due to the high energy barrier for C−H bond activation. Here, we report that in situ decoration of Pd1‐ZSM‐5 single atom catalyst (SAC) by CO molecules significantly promoted the DMC reaction, giving the highest turnover frequency of 207 h−1 ever reported at room temperature and ~100 % oxygenates selectivity with H2O2 as oxidant. Combined characterizations and DFT calculations illustrate that the C‐atom of CO prefers to coordinate with Pd1, which donates electrons to the Pd1−O active center (L−Pd1−O, L=CO) generated by H2O2 oxidation. The correspondingly improved electron density over Pd−O pair renders a favorable heterolytic dissociation of C−H bond with low energy barrier of 0.48 eV. Applying CO decoration strategy to M1‐ZSM‐5 (M=Pd, Rh, Ru, Fe) enables improvement of oxygenates productivity by 3.2–11.3 times, highlighting the generalizability of this method in tuning metal‐oxo electronic structure of SACs for efficient DMC process.