bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photo‐chemotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Jacobs John R. , Weaver Arthur , Ahmed Khurshid , Crissman John , Ensley John F. , Kish Julie A. , Cummings Glen , Al‐Sarraf Muhyi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInduction (proto) chemotherapy consisting of 3 courses of ci‐splatin and 120‐hour 5‐fluorouracil infusion was administered to 88 patients who had locally advanced, previously untreated head and neck cancer. The majority (81%) of these patients were classified as stage IV, and 17% had second primary carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. An overall response rate of 94% was observed, with a 54% incidence of complete clinical response. The toxicity of the chemotherapy was judged acceptable, and no life‐threatening or fatal drug‐related side effects occurred. Twenty‐four percent of the patients failed to comply with recommended standard treatment. In patients achieving a complete clinical response, 47% refused recommended surgery. Any response less than a complete clinical response to induction chemotherapy was not associated with any survival advantage. We conclude that future research efforts should be directed toward the identification of chemotherapeutic regimins that maximize the incidence of complete clinical response. In addition, any large‐scale chemotherapy trial in patients with re‐sectable disease should avoid the use of an induction sequence to minimize compliance problems with standard treatment.
Value of postoperative radiotherapy for thyroid cancer
Authors: Wu Xue Lin , Hu Yu Hua , Li Qing Hong , Guo Jin Rong , Sun Duo , Van Jie Hua , Xu Guo Zhen , Qin De Xing , Ha Xian Wen , Gu Xian Zhi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 405 patients with thyroid cancer treated by surgery with or without postoperative radiotherapy from February 1958 through 1979 is reported. The immediate evaluation of the operation was that it was either incomplete or complete. Incomplete surgery implied that there was (1) possible residual tumor in the operative field, the result of difficult dissection of the tumor off the neighboring organs or tissues, as assessed by the surgeon; (2) multiple (more than five) lymph nodes involved; (3) positive border of the removed lesions; or (4) microscopic evidence of tumor in the operative field. Complete surgery implied thorough extirepation of cancer grossly and microscopically. In 297 patients who had complete surgery, 238 patients treated by surgery alone had a 5‐year survival rate of 92% (218/238), while 59 patients who received postoperative radiotherapy had a 5‐year survival rate of 78% (46/59). The optimum dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 50–70 Gy in 5 to 8 weeks, with the spinal dose kept under 40 Gy. Our experience shows that postoperative radiotherapy did not improve the survival of patients who had had complete surgery. Yet, in 108 patients who had incomplete surgery, surgery alone yielded a 5‐year survival rate of 33% (19/57), while surgery plus radiotherapy yielded a 5‐year survival of 71% (36/51). Our observation shows a remarkable benefit with postoperative radiotherapy in patients who have had incomplete surgery (P < 0.05). According to pathologic criteria, postoperative radiotherapy was more effective in well‐differentiated cancers than in poorly differentiated ones. It was equally effective in untreated as well as recurrent lesions. The prognosis for younger patients was better, but the sex of the patients did not affect prognosis.
Chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint: Case report
Authors: Morris Michael R. , Clark Stephen K. , Porter Bruce A. , Delbecq Ronald J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractChondrosarcoma of the head and neck region is a rarely encountered tumor. Aggressive surgical excision offers the best chance for cure. In our case, combined diagnostic techniques consisting of fine needle aspiration (FNA), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) made an accurate preoperative assessment possible and greatly influenced the treatment provided.
Rationale for elective modified neck dissection
Authors: Byers Robert M. , Wolf Patricia F. , Ballantyne Alando J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA retrospective study was conducted to give surgeons direction in deciding which type of modified neck dissection is proper elective treatment for the patient with a clinically negative neck. The medical records of 428 previously untreated patients (seen between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 1979) whose necks (i.e., NO) were electively dissected and who had had a primary squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, or hypopharynx were included. The three major types of modified neck dissections studied were the supraomohyoid, the anterior, and the functional. Sixteen percent (70 of 428) of the patients had multiple positive nodes and 6% (28 of 428) had evidence of extracapsular invasion. A unilateral supraomohyoid dissection was most often used for primaries of the oral cavity. Bilateral anterior dissection was common for cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx, and functional neck dissection was equally distributed among the primary sites. None of the patients with primaries of the larynx or hypopharynx had pathologically positive nodes in the submental or submaxillary triangles. Advanced T‐stage was generally associated with a greater incidence of subclinically positive nodes. Thirty percent of the patients received postoperative radiotherapy. The total number of nodes removed, the number of positive nodes with or without extracapsular invasion, and the anatomic location of the positive nodes were correlated with the type of dissection, the stage and site of the primary cancer, the degree of histologic differentiation of the primary cancer, the use of postoperative radiotherapy, the regional (neck) failure, and survival. An elective modified neck dissection appeared to be an appropriate part of the initial surgical treatment for patients with primaries of the oral tongue, floor of the mouth, retromolar trigone, pharyngeal wall, base of the tongue, pyriform sinus, and glottic and supraglottic larynx. Adjunctive postoperative radiotherapy appeared to have a statistically significant effect for only those patients who had pathologically multiple positive nodes and extracapsular invasion.
Characterization of epimyoepithelial islands in benign lymphoepithelial lesions of major salivary gland: An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study
Authors: Dardick Irving , Van Nostrand A. W. Peter , Rippstein Peter , Skimming Linda , Hoppe Dianne , Dairkee Shahnaz H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractKnowledge of the processes leading to the development of epimyoepithelial islands bears on histogenetic and morphogenetic processes in salivary gland tumors. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations of the cellular composition of epimyoepithelial islands were carried out on three examples of benign lymphoepithelial lesions with varying histologic features. The monoclonal anti‐keratin antibody 312C8‐1, which specifically decorates myoepithelial cells of the normal salivary gland, also stains the myoepithelial cells surrounding residual acini and intercalated ducts in benign lymphoepithelial lesions and the cell population of epimyoepithelial islands, with the exception of persisting luminal epithelial cells. Ultrastructurally, the myoepithelial cells of involuting acini and ducts and the modified myoepithelial cells of epimyoepithelial islands, identified in both locations by the monoclonal antibody 312C8‐1, show an increasing complement of tonofilament bundles. In addition, persisting lumens (often distended with lymphocytes) and definite luminal eipithelial cells can be seen in electron micrographs of some epimyoepithelial islands. The designation for this characteristic epithelial feature of benign lymphoepithelial lesions is therefore appropriate.
Invasive aspergillosis in a patient with aplastic anemia receiving amphotericin B
Authors: Antoine Grogory A. , Gates Robert H. , Park Alfred O. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInvasive mycotic infections are becoming more commonplace in immune‐compromised hosts. Aspergillus species is the most commonly encountered fungal genus in our environment causing paranasal sinus fungal infection. Aspergillus paranasal sinus infections in the healthy host are readily treated and controlled. In the immune‐compromised host this common organism can rapidly become fatal even if recognized and treated appropriately. We present a case history of a patient who died from her disease despite radical surgery and antifungicidal therapy. Recent methods for early diagnosis will be reviewed. Only one other case has been reported in the literature of a patient developing fulminant aspergillosis sinusitis while receiving amphotericin B.
Intramuscular hemangioma of the head and neck: Report of a case involving the prevertebral muscles
Authors: Beecham James E. , Behrens Hans W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntramuscular hemangioma, a distinctive type of hemangioma occurring within skeletal muscle, accounts for approximately 1% of all hemangiomas. Most occur in the trunk and extremities, perhaps due to the relatively larger muscle mass in those areas. This report describes the first case of an intramuscular hemangioma of the prevertebral muscles. Intramuscular hemangioma is seldom diagnosed preoperatively, perhaps due to unfamiliarity with this uncommon lesion. Preoperative diagnosis is important, however, to properly evaluate feeding arterial blood supply and prevent potential operative morbidity. Surgical excision represents the treatment of choice. Intramuscular hemangioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of deep head and neck masses.
Malignant oncocytoma of the maxillary sinus— An ultrastructural study
Authors: Mikhail Raouf A. , Reed Donald N. , Bybee David B. , Okoye Matthias I. , Dodds Max E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA unique case of a malignant oncocytoma of the maxillary sinus is reviewed in detail. The ultrastructural findings are presented. The histologic and ultrastructural criteria that characterize onco‐cytes and the clinicopathologic features of benign and malignant oncocytomas are discussed. This case represents the eleventh reported case that would truly qualify as a malignant oncocytoma of the paranasal sinuses.
A Novel Synthesis of Highly Substituted Perhydropyrrolizines, Perhydroindolizines, and Pyrrolidines: Inhibition of the Peptidyl‐Prolyl cis/trans Isomerase (PPIase) Pin1
Authors: Siegrist Romain , Zürcher Martina , Baumgartner Corinne , Seiler Paul , Diederich François , Daum Sebastian , Fischer Gunter , Klein Christian , Dangl Markus , Schwaiger Manfred 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of highly substituted perhydropyrrolizines that inhibit the peptidyl‐prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) Pin1, an oncogenic target. The enzyme selectively catalyzes the cis/trans isomerization of peptide bonds between a phosphorylated serine or threonine, and proline, thereby inducing a conformational change. Such structural modifications play an important role in many cellular events, such as cell‐cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, RNA processing, as well as cell proliferation and differentiation. Based on computer modeling (Fig. 2), the new perhydropyrrolizinone derivatives (−)‐1a,b, decorated with two substituents, were selected and synthesized (Schemes 1–3). While enzymatic assays showed no biological activity, 15N,1H‐HSQC‐NMR spectroscopy revealed that (−)‐1a,b bind to the WW recognition domain of Pin1, apparently in a mode that does not inhibit PPIase activity. To enforce complexation into the larger active site rather than into the tighter WW domain of Pin1 and to enhance the overall binding affinity, we designed a perhydropyrrolizine scaffold substituted with additional aromatic residues (Fig. 5). A novel, straightforward synthesis towards this class of compounds was developed (Schemes 4 and 5), and the racemic compounds (±)‐22a–22d were found to inhibit Pin1 with Ki values (Ki = inhibition constant) in the micromolar range (Table 2). To further enhance the potency of these inhibitors, the optically pure ligands (+)‐22a and (+)‐33b,c were prepared (Schemes 6 and 7) and shown to inhibit Pin1 with Ki values down to the single‐digit micromolar range. According to 15N,1H‐HSQC‐NMR spectroscopy and enzymatic activity assays, binding occurs at both the WW domain and the active site of Pin1. Furthermore, the new synthetic protocol towards perhydropyrrolizines was extended to the preparation of highly substituted perhydroindolizine ((±)‐43; Scheme 8) and pyrrolidine ((±)‐48a,b; Scheme 9) derivatives, illustrating a new, potentially general access to these highly substituted heterocycles.
New Triterpenoidal Saponins from Gypsophila repens
Authors: Elbandy Mohamed , Miyamoto Tomofumi , Lacaille‐Dubois Marie‐Aleth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSix new triterpene glycosides, repensosides A–F (1–6, resp.), were isolated from the roots of Gypsophila repens L. Their structures, established by extensive 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopic experiments as well as MS analyses, were found to be based on gypsogenic acid (or gypsogenin) as aglycone, with three to nine branched or unbranched sugar moieties.
Semisynthesis of 3′(2′)‐O‐(Aminoacyl)‐tRNA Derivatives as Ribosomal Substrate
Authors: Cui Zhiyong , Zhang Biliang 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of (3′‐terminally) 3′(2′)‐O‐aminoacylated pCpA derivatives is described, which could lead to the production of (aminoacyl)‐tRNAs following T4 RNA ligase mediated ligation. The tetrahydrofuranyl (thf) group was used as a permanent protective group for the 2′‐OH of the cytidine moiety which can be removed during the purification of the 3′(2′)‐O‐aminoacylated‐pCpA. This approach allowed for a general synthesis of (3′‐terminally) 3′(2′)‐O‐aminoacylated oligonucleotides. The fully protected pCpA 14 was synthesized by phosphoramidite chemistry and treated with NH3 solution to remove the 2‐cyanoethyl and benzoyl groups (→ 15; Schemes 1 and 2). The 2′‐O‐thf‐protected‐pCpA 15 was coupled with α‐amino acid cyanomethyl esters, and the products 20a–c were deprotected and purified with AcOH buffer to afford 3′(2′)‐O‐aminoacylated pCpA 21a–c in high yields. The 3′(2′)‐O‐aminoacylated pCpA were efficiently ligated with tRNA(− CA) to yield (aminoacyl)‐tRNA which was an active substrate for the ribosome.
Asymmetric Catalytic Hydroamination of Activated Olefins in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Fadini Luca , Togni Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe addition of a series of both aliphatic and aromatic amines to electron‐poor olefins was investigated using [Ni(Pigiphos)(THF)]2+ as catalyst (with different counterions) in various ionic liquids based on imidazolium‐ and picolinium‐salt derivatives. The catalysts gave rise to selectivities comparable to those obtained when the reaction was conducted in neat organic solvents (ee up to 66%), but significant higher activities, with a total turnover number (TON) of up to 300.
Bubble behavior during boiling of subcooled binary mixtures on very thin wires
Authors: Wang Zhen , Peng Xiao‐Feng , Wang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExperimental investigations were conducted to explore the characteristics of subcooled nucleate boiling of binary mixtures composed of water and ethanol on very thin wires, and an emphasis was addressed to observe bubble movement and bubble jet flow. The experiments exhibited many different bubble jet flows, such as continuous, discontinuous, diverged, bifurcate jet flows, and small bubble spraying, corresponding to different vapor bubble sizes and bubble‐moving modes such as bubble initial momentum and bubble‐generating frequency. The bubble movement within the jet flow also was analyzed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 105–111, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20142
Lattice Boltzmann simulation on flow fields connected with multiple side‐channels
Authors: Tsushima Shohji , Moriyama Koji , Hirai Shuichiro 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor this study, using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), we conducted flow‐field analyses in which two straight channels were mutually connected with multiple side‐channels. Results showed that calculated flow fields can be categorized into three types of flow pattern depending on flow field geometry and flow conditions. The following typical flow patterns were identified: case 1, the incoming flow passes uniformly through the side channels; case 2, the flow passes preferentially through the side channel in the inlet and the outlet; and case 3, the flow passes mainly through the side channel of the outlet side. Results also indicate that these flow patterns depend on two dimensionless parameters: the ratio of permeability of the side channels to the channel width, and the Reynolds number. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 96–104, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20143
Experimental research of boiling heat transfer of smooth and screwed tube
Authors: Li Maode , Chen Huier , Xiong Lihong , Lu Xihong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, based on the analog theory of heat transfer research, we performed an analog experiment on boiling heat transfer in smooth tube and screwed tubes. These are widely used in the high pressure generator of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration. From the experimental research, we obtained a series of results on the boiling heat transfer of a single smooth tube and three screwed tubes. The working condition is near the zone of bubble boiling and the overheat wall temperature ranges from 2–7 °C, with a fluid medium of pure water and salt water solution. These results agreed well with the known results, and are significant for the practical design and application of a high pressure generator of lithium bromide absorption for refrigeration. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 74–84, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20145
Exergy transfer analysis of convection heat transfer
Authors: Li Maode , Chen Huier 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper, based on the fundamentals of thermodynamics and heat transfer, an analysis is made of the exergy transfer of convection heat transfer. Some exergy transfer differential equations are derived under constant thermophysical property and uncompressible laminar flow in the convection heat transfer process. Taking one‐ and two‐dimensional convection heat transfer as examples, respectively, the exergy functions are solved and calculated. Their results agree well with those results from thermodynamic analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 66–73, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20146
Three‐dimensional hydrodynamic and salinity transport modelling of Danshuei River estuarine system and adjacent coastal sea, Taiwan
Authors: Liu Wen‐Cheng , Hsu Ming‐Hsi , Kuo Albert Y. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA three‐dimensional, time‐dependent hydrodynamic and salinity model was applied to the Danshuei River estuarine system and adjacent coastal sea in Taiwan. The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundary and freshwater flows from the main stem and tributaries in the Danshuei River system. The bottom roughness height was calibrated and verified with model simulation of barotropic flow, and the turbulent diffusivities were calibrated through comparison of time‐series of salinity distributions. The overall model verification was achieved with comparisons of residual current and salinity distribution. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the available field data.The model was then used to investigate the tidal current, residual current, and salinity patterns under the low freshwater flow condition in the modelling domain. The results reveal that the extensive intrusion of saline water imposes a significant baroclinic forcing and induces a strong residual circulation in the estuary. The downriver net velocity in the upper layer increases seaward despite the enlargement of the river cross‐section in that direction. Strong residual circulation can be found near the Kuan‐Du station. This may be the result of the deep bathymetric features there. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimates of spatial variation in evaporation using satellite‐derived surface temperature and a water balance model
Authors: Bouwer Laurens M. , Biggs Trent W. , Aerts Jeroen C. J. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEvaporation dominates the water balance in arid and semi‐arid areas. The estimation of evaporation by land‐cover type is important for proper management of scarce water resources. Here, we present a method to assess spatial and temporal patterns of actual evaporation by relating water balance evaporation estimates to satellite‐derived radiometric surface temperature. The method is applied to a heterogeneous landscape in the Krishna River basin in south India using 10‐day composites of NOAA advanced very high‐resolution radiometer satellite imagery. The surface temperature predicts the difference between reference evaporation and modelled actual evaporation well in the four catchments (r2 = 0·85 to r2 = 0·88). Spatial and temporal variations in evaporation are linked to vegetation type and irrigation. During the monsoon season (June–September), evaporation occurs quite uniformly over the case‐study area (1·7–2·1 mm day−1), since precipitation is in excess of soil moisture holding capacity, but it is higher in irrigated areas (2·2–2·7 mm day−1). In the post‐monsoon season (December–March) evaporation is highest in irrigated areas (2·4 mm day−1). A seemingly reasonable estimate of temporal and spatial patterns of evaporation can be made without the use of more complex and data‐intensive methods; the method also constrains satellite estimates of evaporation by the annual water balance, thereby assuring accuracy at the seasonal and annual time‐scales. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Telomerase expression in lung preneoplasia and neoplasia
Authors: Lantuéjoul Sylvie , Salon Caroline , Soria Jean‐Charles , Brambilla Elisabeth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTelomeres are specialized structures at eukaryotic chromosomes ends, which role is to prevent them from degradation, end to‐end fusion and rearrangement. However, they shorten after each cellular division because of an incomplete DNA replication, acting in normal somatic cells as a mitotic clock for permanent proliferation arrest or senescence entry. Short telomeres are perceived as damaged DNA leading to p53/ATM pathway activation. In tumoral cells, a ribonucleoprotein complex termed telomerase enables telomere elongation. This complex, composed of 2 main components, the telomerase RNA component or hTR, the RNA template for telomere synthesis, and telomerase reverse transcriptase, the catalytic subunit, is reactivated in the majority of cancers, including those of the lung. In this review, we briefly present the main results on telomerase expression in various histological types of lung carcinoma and in bronchial carcinogenesis along with telomere attrition. Inhibition of one of the main components of the enzyme or limitation of telomere access by telomerase represent novel targets for cancer therapies and chemoprevention in high risk patients of lung cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.