bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight Into Designing High‐Performance Polythiophenes for Reduced Urbach Energy and Nonradiative Recombination in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Sun Zhe , Ma Hayoung , Yang Sangjin , Cho Yongjoon , Lee Seunglok , Park Jaeyeong , Mai Thi Le Huyen , Kim Wonjun , Jeong Seonghun , Kim Seoyoung , Yang Changduk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of high‐efficiency polythiophene (PT) organic solar cells (OSCs), a critical challenge is the reduction of nonradiative recombination. This study comprehensively explores polydithienylthiazolothiazole (PTTz)‐based PT terpolymers: PTTz‐Tz and PTTz‐TzT, in which it is demonstrate that molecular structure alterations greatly influence the aggregation kinetics and orientation of these polymers. Specifically, PTTz‐TzT achieves rapid ordering aggregation during spin coating, effectively suppressing excessive polymer aggregation and facilitating appropriate phase separation upon mixing with the acceptor. Meanwhile, PTTz‐TzT inherently adopts a face‐on orientation, resulting in more structured π–π stacking in the vertical direction after acceptor integration, compared to the intrinsic edge‐on orientation of PTTz‐Tz. These factors collectively contribute to lower Urbach energy and a substantial reduction of nonradiative recombination in PTTz‐TzT‐based OSCs, culminating in a high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 16%. Furthermore, a prominent PCE of 19.11% is obtained by PTTz‐TzT via ternary blend strategy, which is among the highest values reported for the OSCs. This investigation underscores the significance of aggregation kinetics and orientation in PT‐based polymers, especially regarding Urbach energy and nonradiative recombination, and offers novel insights for designing high‐performance polythiophene donors.
Room Temperature Polariton Condensation from Whispering Gallery Modes in CsPbBr3 Microplatelets
Authors: Polimeno Laura , Coriolano Annalisa , Mastria Rosanna , Todisco Francesco , De Giorgi Milena , Fieramosca Antonio , Pugliese Marco , Prontera Carmela T. , Rizzo Aurora , De Marco Luisa , Ballarini Dario , Gigli Giuseppe , Sanvitto Daniele 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRoom temperature (RT) polariton condensate holds exceptional promise for revolutionizing various fields of science and technology, encompassing optoelectronics devices to quantum information processing. Using perovskite materials, like all‐inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) single crystal, provides additional advantages, such as ease of synthesis, cost‐effectiveness, and compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. In this work, the formation of whispering gallery modes (WGM) in CsPbBr3 single crystals with controlled geometry is shown, synthesized using a low‐cost and efficient capillary bridge method. Through the implementation of microplatelets geometry, enhanced optical properties and performance are achieved due to the presence of sharp edges and a uniform surface, effectively avoiding non‐radiative scattering losses caused by defects. This allows not only to observe strong light matter coupling and formation of whispering gallery polaritons, but also to demonstrate the onset of polariton condensation at RT. This investigation not only contributes to the advancement of the knowledge concerning the exceptional optical properties of perovskite‐based polariton systems, but also unveils prospects for the exploration of WGM polariton condensation within the framework of a 3D perovskite‐based platform, working at RT. The unique characteristics of polariton condensate, including low excitation thresholds and ultrafast dynamics, open up unique opportunities for advancements in photonics and optoelectronics devices.
A Versatile Synthesis Platform Based on Polymer Cubosomes for a Library of Highly Ordered Nanoporous Metal Oxides Particles
Authors: Xie Wenhe , Huang Xinyu , Zhu Chengcheng , Jiang Fengluan , Deng Yu , Yu Bingjie , Wu Limin , Yue Qin , Deng Yonghui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPolymer cubosomes (PCs) have well‐defined inverse bicontinuous cubic mesophases formed by amphiphilic block copolymer bilayers. The open hydrophilic channels, large periods, and robust physical properties of PCs are advantageous to many host–guest interactions and yet not fully exploited, especially in the fields of functional nanomaterials. Here, the self‐assembly of poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐polystyrene block copolymers is systematically investigated and a series of robust PCs is developed via a cosolvent method. Ordered nanoporous metal oxide particles are obtained by selectively filling the hydrophilic channels of PCs via an impregnation strategy, followed by a two‐step thermal treatment. Based on this versatile PC platform, the general synthesis of a library of ordered porous particles with different pore structures , tunable large pore size (18–78 nm), high specific surface areas (up to 123.3 m2 g−1 for WO3) and diverse framework compositions, such as transition and non‐transition metal oxides, rare earth chloride oxides, perovskite, pyrochlore, and high‐entropy metal oxides is demonstrated. As typical materials obtained via this method, ordered porous WO3 particles have the advantages of open continuous structure and semiconducting properties, thus showing superior gas sensing performances toward hydrogen sulfide.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps‐Inhibiting and Fouling‐Resistant Polysulfoxides Potently Prevent Postoperative Adhesion, Tumor Recurrence, and Metastasis
Authors: Wang Jiafeng , Wang Yechun , Li Junjun , Ying Jiajia , Mu Yongli , Zhang Xuanhao , Zhou Xuefei , Sun Leimin , Jiang Haiping , Zhuo Wei , Shen Youqing , Zhou Tianhua , Liu Xiangrui , Zhou Quan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeritoneal metastasis (PM) is considered one of the most dreaded forms of cancer metastases for both patients and physicians. Aggressive cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is the primary treatment for peritoneal metastasis. Unfortunately, this intensive treatment frequently causes clinical complications, such as postoperative recurrence, metastasis, and adhesion formation. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by inflammatory neutrophils contribute to these complications. Effective NET‐targeting strategies thus show considerable potential in counteracting these complications but remain challenging. Here, one type of sulfoxide‐containing homopolymer, PMeSEA, with potent fouling‐resistant and NET‐inhibiting capabilities, is synthesized and screened. Hydrating sulfoxide groups endow PMeSEA with superior nonfouling ability, significantly inhibiting protein/cell adhesion. Besides, the polysulfoxides can be selectively oxidized by ClO− which is required to stabilize the NETs rather than H2O2, and ClO− scavenging effectively inhibits NETs formation without disturbing redox homeostasis in tumor cells and quiescent neutrophils. As a result, PMeSEA potently prevents postoperative adhesions, significantly suppresses peritoneal metastasis, and shows synergetic antitumor activity with chemotherapeutic 5‐Fluorouracil. Moreover, coupling CRS with PMeSEA potently inhibits CRS‐induced tumor metastatic relapse and postoperative adhesions. Notably, PMeSEA exhibits low in vivo acute and subacute toxicities, implying significant potential for clinical postoperative adjuvant treatment.
Symmetry Evolution Induced 2D Pt Single Atom Catalyst with High Density for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Haoran , Wu Feng , Huang Rui , Liu Xiaokang , Zhang Zhiwen , Yao Tao , Zhang Yu , Wu Yuen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe performance of single‐atom catalysts is greatly influenced by the chemical environment surrounding the central atom. Here, a salt‐assisted method is employed to transform the tetrahedral coordination structure of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks ‐ 8 (ZIF‐8) into a planar square coordination structure without altering the ligands. During the subsequent carbonization process, concurrent with the evaporation of zinc atoms, the structure of the nitrogen and carbon carriers (NC carriers) undergoes a transition from five‐membered rings to six‐membered rings to preserve the 2D structure. This transition results in the generation of additional defect sites on the 2D‐NC substrates. Hence, the Pt single‐atom catalysts with planar square coordination symmetries can be precisely prepared via electrodeposition (denoted as 2D‐Pt SAC). The Pt loading of 2D‐Pt SAC is 0.49 ± 0.03 µg cm−2, higher than that of 3D‐Pt SAC (0.37 ± 0.04 µg cm−2). In the context of the hydrogen oxidation reaction electrocatalysis, under an overpotential of 50 mV, these single‐atom catalysts with 2D coordination exhibit mass activities of 2396 A gPt−1 (32 times higher than commercial Pt/C catalyst, 2 times higher than 3D‐PtNC).
Sustainable Thermal Regulation of Electronics via Mitigated Supercooling of Porous Gallium‐Based Phase Change Materials
Authors: Ki Seokkan , Shin Seongjong , Cho Sumin , Bang Soosik , Choi Dongwhi , Nam Youngsuk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGallium liquid metal is one of the promising phase change materials for passive thermal management of electronics due to their high thermal conductivity and latent heat per volume. However, it suffers from severe supercooling, in which molten gallium does not return to solid due to the lack of nucleation. It may require 28.2 °C lower temperature than the original freezing point to address supercooling, leading to unstable thermal regulation performance along fluctuations of cooling condition. Here, gallium is infused into porous copper in an oxide‐free environment, forming intermetallic compound impurities at the interfaces to reduce the activation energy for heterogeneous nucleation. The porous‐shaped gallium provides ≈63% smaller supercooling than that of the bulk type due to large specific surface area (≈9,070 cm2 per cm3) and high wetting characteristics (≈16° of contact angle) on CuGa2 intermetallic layer. During repetitive heating‐cooling cycles, porous‐shaped gallium consistently shows propagation of crystallization at even near room temperature (≈25 °C) while maintaining stable performance as thermal buffer, whereas droplet‐shaped gallium is gradually degraded due to partial‐supercooled state. The findings will improve the responsive thermal regulation performance to relieve a rapid increase in temperature of semiconductors/batteries, and also have a potential for energy storage applications.
Spatiotemporally Controlled T‐Cell Combination Therapy for Solid Tumor
Authors: Hao Meixi , Zhou Ying , Chen Sijia , Jin Yu , Li Xiuqi , Xue Lingjing , Shen Mingxuan , Li Weishuo , Zhang Can 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to multidimensional complexity of solid tumor, development of rational T‐cell combinations and corresponding formulations is still challenging. Herein, a triple combination of T cells are developed with Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase inhibitors (IDOi) and Cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). To maximize synergism, a spatiotemporally controlled T‐cell engineering technology to formulate triple drugs into one cell therapeutic, is established. Specifically, a sequentially responsive core‐shell nanoparticle (SRN) encapsulating IDOi and CDK4/6i is anchored onto T cells. The yielded SRN‐T cells migrated into solid tumor, and achieved a 1st release of IDOi in acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). Released IDOi restored tryptophan supply in TME, which activated effector T cells and inhibited Tregs. Meanwhile, 1st released core is internalized by tumor cells and degraded by glutathione (GSH), to realize a 2nd release of CDK4/6i, which induced up‐regulated expression of C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and C‐C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and thus significantly increased tumor infiltration of T cells. Together, with an enhanced recruitment and activation, T cells significantly suppressed tumor growth, and prolonged survival of tumor‐bearing mice. This study demonstrated rationality and superiority of a tri‐drug combination mediated by spatiotemporally controlled cell‐engineering technology, which provides a new treatment regimen for solid tumor.
A simple “spraying” fluorescence‐guided surgery by AIE probes for liver tumor resection through configuration‐induced cross‐identification
Authors: Chen Didi , Xiao Tian , Wang Liangjie , Chen Sijie , Kam Chuen , Zeng Guoping , Peng Li , Zhang Jinxiang , Li Min , Dong Yuping 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSurgical resection is the preferred option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but surgical navigation technology using indocyanine green still has some drawbacks such as non‐specific imaging, thus it is very important to develop new fluorescence imaging technology. All‐cis hexaphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene derivative (ZZ‐HPB‐NC) with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) feature has been reported to be quickly turned‐on fluorescent response in the intraoperative frozen‐section slides of HCC. However, the probe did not respond to normal liver tissue around HCC. In order to enhance the diagnostic rate and elucidate the response mechanism, all‐trans configuration EE‐HPB‐NC, was furtherly synthesized. Within two minutes, non‐cancer tissues could be fluorescently labeled by EE‐HPB‐NC by spraying, showing the same effect with ZZ‐HPB‐NC to HCC. The results indicated that the configuration‐induced cross‐identification fluorescence imaging strategy was achieved through the combination of ZZ‐ and EE‐HPB‐NC. Then the mechanism of HPB‐NC localization in HCC lesions was explored, and the binding of HPB‐NC with specific proteins in cells resulted in the AIE effect to label HCC cells. On this basis, the accuracy of specific fluorescence imaging for HCC was further verified on the mouse hepatic neoplasm models, indicating that it has clinical application potential for surgical fluorescence real‐time navigation.
Adsorption weakening mechanism and regulation strategy of aluminum‐based lithium adsorbents in carbonate‐style brines
Authors: Chen Jun , Jin Jiaqi , Yu Jianguo , Lin Sen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn efficient adsorption‐strengthening regulation was developed for aluminum‐based lithium adsorbents (Li/Al‐LDHs) in carbonate‐type salt lakes based on reasons for adsorption performance degradation. It was confirmed by adsorption–desorption experiments and density functional theory (DFT) that CO32− in brines preferentially entered Li/Al‐LDH interlayers with a tighter binding energy to the laminates, resulting in the decreasing sharply cyclic re‐adsorption capacity. Intercalated CO32− was effectively removed by high concentration of Cl− to enhance Li+ re‐adsorption, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) demonstrated that this process had no impact on the host laminate integrity. On this basis, an innovative strategy of incorporating interlayer anion regulation into lithium extraction process was proposed and employed for the continuous extraction of Li+ from carbonate‐type brines, bringing about a completely restored re‐adsorption capacity with cyclic stability, and the lithium extraction capacity per unit time could be exceeded by about double compared with the conventional process, assuring the efficiency of lithium extraction from carbonate‐type brines by Li/Al‐LDHs.
Water‐Promoted Metal‐Free Aerobic Oxidative Annulation for the Multicomponent Synthesis of Acridine‐1,8‐Diones Derivatives and Their Photophysical Studies
Authors: Reicha  , Puhazhendhi Arulmozhi , Sivalingam Soumya , Yamajala Rajesh B. R. D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmong the optimistic areas of research, is the creation of novel C−C, C−N, and C−O bonds by replacing toxic and waste‐generating chemicals with alcohols as more sustainable and greener reagents. The co‐existence of molecular oxygen and TBHP was admired by its capacity to oxidize and cyclize to form biologically active acridine‐1,8‐dione derivatives from alcohol, aniline and dimedone without any metal catalyst. The decomposition of TBHP and aeration of molecular oxygen on the surface of water was the key factor for effective catalytic outcome. The current method exhibits tolerance for diverse substrates to afford acridine‐1,8‐dione derivatives (18 compounds) with high yield (up to 95 %). Additionally, the photophysical properties of the acridine‐1,8‐dione derivatives were also studied, and found that few of the acridine‐1,8‐dione derivatives have shown appreciable Aggregation Induced Emission Enhancement (AIEE) behaviour.
Efficacy of antithrombin administration for patients with sepsis: A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
Authors: Tsuchida Takumi , Makino Yuto , Wada Takeshi , Ushio Noritaka , Totoki Takaaki , Fujie Naoki , Yasuo Shunsuke , Matsuoka Tadashi , Koami Hiroyuki , Yamakawa Kazuma , Iba Toshiaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsThere have been inconsistent reports regarding the effect of antithrombin on sepsis; furthermore, there are limited reports on how dosage affects therapeutic efficacy. Thus, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the use of antithrombin for sepsis and a meta‐regression analysis of antithrombin dosage.MethodsWe included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of adult patients with sepsis who received antithrombin. Outcomes included all‐cause mortality and serious bleeding complications. Statistical analyses and data synthesis were performed using a random‐effects model; further, meta‐regression and funnel plots were used to explore heterogeneity and biases.ResultsSeven RCTs and six observational studies were included. Most patients in the RCTs and observational studies had severe sepsis and septic‐disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), respectively. A meta‐analysis using RCTs showed no significant differences in mortality between the antithrombin and control groups. However, the meta‐analysis of observational studies indicated a trend of decreasing mortality rates with antithrombin administration (odds ratio [OR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68–0.92; p = 0.002). Bleeding complications were significantly higher in the antithrombin group than in the control group in both study types (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.52–2.37; p < 0.01). The meta‐regression analysis showed no correlation between antithrombin dosage and mortality.ConclusionA meta‐analysis of RCTs confirmed no survival benefit of antithrombin, whereas that of observational studies, which mostly focused on septic DIC, showed a significant beneficial effect on improving outcomes. Indications of antithrombin should be considered based on its beneficial and harmful effects.
Photogeneration of Chlorine Radical from a Self‐Assembled Fluorous 4CzIPN•Chloride Complex: Application in C−H Bond Functionalization
Authors: Carré Victor , Godard Pascale , Méreau Raphaël , Jacquot de Rouville Henri‐Pierre , Jonusauskas Gediminas , McClenaghan Nathan , Tassaing Thierry , Vincent Jean‐Marc 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chlorine radical is a strong HAT (Hydrogen Atom Transfer) agent that is very useful for the functionalization of C(sp3)−H bonds. Albeit highly attractive, its generation from the poorly oxidizable chloride ion mediated by an excited photoredox catalyst is a difficult task. We now report that 8Rf8‐4CzIPN, an electron‐deficient fluorous derivative of the benchmark 4CzIPN photoredox catalyst belonging to the donor‐acceptor carbazole‐cyanoarene family, is not only a better photooxidant than 4CzIPN, but also becomes an excellent host for the chloride ion. Combining these two properties ultimately makes the self‐assembled 8Rf8‐4CzIPN•Cl− dual catalyst highly reactive in redox‐neutral Giese‐type C(sp3)−H bond alkylation reactions promoted by the chlorine radical. Additionally, because of its fluorous character, the efficient separation/recovery of 8Rf8‐4CzIPN could be envisioned.
An MBene Modulating the Buried SnO2/Perovskite Interface in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Yu Bo , Sun Yapeng , Zhang Jiankai , Su Zhan , Yu Huangzhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) plays an important role in transferring and collecting charges. Interface defects are important factors affecting the efficiency and stability of PSCs. Here, the buried interface between SnO2 and the perovskite layer is bridged by two‐dimensional (2D) MBene, which improves charge transfer. MBene can deposit additional electrons on the surface of SnO2, passivate its surface defects and facilitate the charge collection. Moreover, the dipole moment formed at the interface increases the electron transfer ability in the PSCs. MBene also regulates the growth of perovskite crystals, improves the quality of perovskite films, and reduces its grain boundary defects. As a result, PSCs based on FA0.2MA0.8PbI3 and (FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05 get the enhanced efficiencies of 22.34 % and 24.32 % with negligible hysteresis. Furthermore, the optimized device exhibits better stability. This work opens up the application of MBene materials in PSCs, reveals a deeper understanding of the mechanism behind using 2D materials as an interface modification layer, and shows opportunities for using MBene as potential material in photoelectric devices.
Organometallic Chirality Sensing via “Click”‐Like η6‐Arene Coordination with an Achiral Cp*Ru(II) Piano Stool Complex
Authors: Nelson Eryn , Bertke Jeffery A. , Thanzeel F. Yushra , Wolf Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPiano stool complexes have been studied over many years and found widespread applications in organic synthesis, catalysis, materials and drug development. We now report the first examples of quantitative chiroptical molecular recognition of chiral compounds through click‐like η6‐arene coordination with readily available half sandwich complexes. This conceptually new approach to chirality sensing is based on irreversible acetonitrile displacement of [Cp*Ru(CH3CN)3]PF6 by an aromatic target molecule, a process that is fast and complete within a few minutes at room temperature. The metal coordination coincides with characteristic circular dichroism inductions that can be easily correlated to the absolute configuration and enantiomeric ratio of the bound molecule. A relay assay that decouples the determination of the enantiomeric composition and of the total sample amount by a practical CD/UV measurement protocol was developed and successfully tested. The introduction of piano stool complexes to the chiroptical sensing realm is mechanistically unique and extends the scope of currently known methods with small‐molecule probes that require the presence of amino, alcohol, carboxylate or other privileged functional groups for binding of the target compound. A broad application range including pharmaceutically relevant multifunctional molecules and the use in chromatography‐free asymmetric reaction analysis are also demonstrated.