bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐appendectomy thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Robertson Mandy D. , Zumberg Marc 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a syndrome characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia with varying degrees of renal dysfunction, neurologic signs and symptoms, and fever. Evidence has supported that a large proportion of cases of acquired TTP are due to the accumulation of ultralarge von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers due to an acquired deficiency in the vWF cleaving protease, ADAMTS‐13. TTP is rare in the post‐surgical setting but is best described after cardiothoracic and vascular surgeries. We present a case of postoperative TTP first presenting with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia 9 days after emergent appendectomy for a ruptured appendix. ADAMTS‐13 and factor H levels returned normal and an ADAMTS‐13 inhibitor was not identified. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of postoperative TTP after an appendectomy and the first report with correlative ADAMTS‐13 data. Plasma exchange with fresh frozen plasma followed by cryopoor plasma, along with steroids resulted in eventual remission of TTP in our patient. Early postoperative diagnosis and aggressive management with consideration of initiation of plasma exchange is imperative to decrease the morbidity and morality associated with TTP. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mutation screen of the GAD2 gene and association study of alcoholism in three populations
Authors: Lappalainen Jaakko , Krupitsky Evgeny , Kranzler Henry R. , Luo Xingguang , Remizov Mikhail , Pchelina Sofia , Taraskina Anastaisa , Zvartau Edwin , Räsanen Pirkko , Makikyro Taru , Somberg Lucia K. , Krystal John H. , Stein Murray B. , Gelernter Joel 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSynaptic actions of γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA) have been implicated in many facets of ethanol's effects and risk for alcoholism. We examined whether variation in glutamate decarboxylase‐2 (GAD2), a gene encoding for a major enzyme in the synthesis of GABA, contributes to risk of alcohol dependence (AD). We screened GAD2 for sequence variants using dHPLC in a population of 96 individuals. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including four rare non‐synonymous polymorphisms, were identified. Thirteen SNPs located in the GAD2 gene were genotyped in a sample of 113 Russian males with AD and 100 Russian male controls. These analyses revealed a modest association between the functional GAD2 −243 A > G SNP (rs2236418) and AD (allele P = 0.038, genotype P = 0.008). An additional sample of 138 Russian males with AD were genotyped for the GAD2 −243 A > G. These analyses supported an association of this polymorphism with AD (combined sample allele P = 0.038, genotype P = 0.0009). We extended these findings to additional populations: a sample of 538 college students assessed using the AUDIT and a sample of European–American (EA) AD subjects (n = 235) and controls (n = 310). Analyses in these populations did not support a role for GAD2 in alcoholism. In summary, the results of an extensive search for an association of GAD2 with AD suggest that variation in GAD2 is not a major risk factor for AD in EAs. The functional promoter GAD2 −243 A > G variant may influence risk for AD in some populations, or its role may be limited to susceptibility to severe AD. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Schizotypal dimensions: An intermediate phenotype associated with the COMT high activity allele
Authors: Schürhoff Franck , Szöke Andrei , Chevalier Fabien , Roy Isabelle , Méary Alexandre , Bellivier Frank , Giros Bruno , Leboyer Marion 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackground: Although catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) has long been suggested to be implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, association studies have generated discrepant results concerning the involvement of the COMT gene in schizophrenia. As several studies have suggested that schizotypal traits might be genetically related to schizophrenia, increased statistical power to detect gene effects could be obtained by using dimensional personality traits in unaffected relatives. Methods: We tested the hypothesis that the functional Val158Met COMT polymorphism might contribute to the variance of self‐reported schizotypal scores in a sample of 106 unaffected subjects, composed of controls (N = 57), first‐degree relatives of schizophrenic (N = 27) and of bipolar (N = 22) probands. We also looked for specific associations between COMT polymorphisms and the three dimensions of schizotypy (positive, negative, disorganized) assessed by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Results: We found that self‐reported SPQ scores are related to COMT genotype (P = 0.01), with individuals homozygous for the high activity allele having the highest scores. This association is primarily due to specific associations with the positive (P = 0.001) and negative (P = 0.04) dimensions. Conclusions: Our data support the hypothesis that the functional COMT polymorphism could be involved in different psychotic dimensions. This confirms that studying specific schizotypal dimensions can help to identify the genes involved in the pathogenesis of psychosis. Copyright © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company
Ketoreduction in Mycolactone Biosynthesis: Insight into Substrate Specificity and Stereocontrol from Studies of Discrete Ketoreductase Domains in vitro
Authors: Bali Shilpa , Weissman Kira J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMycolactone, a polyketide toxin responsible for the extensive tissue destruction seen in Buruli ulcer, is assembled on a modular polyketide synthase (PKS). Despite operating on structurally different intermediates during synthesis, many of the ketoreductase (KR) domains of the mycolactone (MLS) PKS have identical sequences. This suggests that these enzymes might exhibit an unusually high level of substrate promiscuity. However, we show here that when recombinant mycolactone KR domains are tested with a range of surrogate substrates, their specificity closely matches that of KR domains derived from other PKS systems. In addition, our findings reinforce the role of substrate tethering for achieving stereochemical control in modular PKSs by affecting the delicate energetics of ketoreduction.
Synthesis and Characterization of Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing Naphthyridine:Imidazopyridopyrimidine Base Pairs at their Sticky Ends. Application as Thermally Stabilized Decoy Molecules
Authors: Hikishima Sadao , Minakawa Noriaki , Kuramoto Kazuyuki , Ogata Shintaro , Matsuda Akira 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe describe the synthesis and properties of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing 1,8‐naphthyridine C‐nucleoside (Na‐NO) and imidazo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine nucleoside (Im‐ON) at the termini. The modified ODNs were more resistant (6 to 40 times) than natural DNA to snake venom phosphodiesterase (SVPD). Although incorporation of one pair each of Na‐NO:Im‐ON on the sticky ends of the duplex was insufficient for thermal stabilization (+2.5 °C per pair relative to the G:C pair), the duplex containing two consecutive Na‐NO:Im‐ON pairs at its sticky ends was markedly stabilized thermally. The stabilizing effect of the incorporation of additional Na‐NO:Im‐ON pairs is estimated to be +7.8 °C per pair. Application as thermally stabilized decoy molecules to NF‐κB (p50) was also demonstrated. The DNA duplexes containing the Na‐NO:Im‐ON pairs (ODN I:ODN II and ODN III:ODN IV) acted as competitors to the natural NF‐κB‐binding duplex (ODN V: ODN VI), and the calculated IC50 values of ODN I:ODN II and ODN III:ODN IV were 20.1±13.3 and 10.9±4.8 nM, respectively, greater than that of ODN V:ODN VI.
Nanostructured Thermosensitive Polymers with Radical Scavenging Ability
Authors: Zhou Guangchang , Harruna Issifu I. , Zhou Weilie L. , Aicher Wilhelm K. , Geckeler Kurt E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe thermosensitive [60]fullerene end‐capped poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) was successfully synthesized by the reaction of C60 with dithiobenzoate‐terminated poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide), which was prepared by reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) polymerization in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN). Its structure was determined by FTIR, UV/Vis, and carbon and proton NMR spectroscopy as well as by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The novel fullerenated polymer retained the thermosensitivity of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide). Moreover, it is soluble in water and most of the common organic solvents. Interestingly, it was able to form nanoparticle clusters in methanol and exhibited significant radical scavenging ability in cell viability and metabolic activity tests with fibroblasts and NOR‐3 radicals.
The N‐soliton of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation for N large
Authors: Lyng Gregory D. , Miller Peter D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe present a detailed analysis of the solution of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation with initial condition ψ(x, 0) = N sech(x) in the limit N → ∞. We begin by presenting new and more accurate numerical reconstructions of the N‐soliton by inverse scattering (numerical linear algebra) for N = 5, 10, 20, and 40. We then recast the inverse‐scattering problem as a Riemann‐Hilbert problem and provide a rigorous asymptotic analysis of this problem in the large‐N limit. For those (x, t) where results have been obtained by other authors, we improve the error estimates from O(N−1/3) to O(N−1). We also analyze the Fourier power spectrum in this regime and relate the results to the optical phenomenon of supercontinuum generation. We then study the N‐soliton for values of (x, t) where analysis has not been carried out before, and we uncover new phenomena. The main discovery of this paper is the mathematical mechanism for a secondary caustic (phase transition), which turns out to differ from the mechanism that generates the primary caustic. The mechanism for the generation of the secondary caustic depends essentially on the discrete nature of the spectrum of the N‐soliton. Moreover, these results evidently cannot be recovered from an analysis of an ostensibly similar “condensed‐pole” Riemann‐Hilbert problem. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CCLRC Portal infrastructure to support research facilities
Authors: Akram Asif , Chohan Dharmesh , Meredith David , Allan Rob 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe emergence of portal technology is providing benefits in developing portlet interfaces to applications to meet the current and future requirements of CCLRC facilities support. Portlets can be reused by different projects, e.g. the high‐profile Integrative Biology project (with the University of Oxford), and in different Java Specification Request 168 Portlet Specification (JSR 168) compliant portal frameworks. Deployment and maintenance of applications developed as portlets becomes easier and manageable. A community process is already beginning and many portal frameworks come with free‐to‐use useful portlets. As rendering is carried out in the framework, applications can be easily accessible and internationalized. Portlets are compatible with J2EE, thus providing additional capabilities required in the service‐oriented architecture (SOA). We also describe how Web service gateways can be used to provide many of the functionalities encapsulated in a portal server in a way to support Grid applications. Portals used as a rich client can allow users to customize or personalize their user interfaces and even their workflow and application access. CCLRC facilities will be able to leverage the work so far carried out on the National Grid Service (NGS) and e‐HTPX portals, as they are fully functional and have received detailed user feedback. This demonstrates the usefulness of providing advanced capabilities for e‐Research and having the associated business logic in a SOA loosely coupled from the presentation layer for an Integrated e‐Science Environment. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HPC‐Europa single point of access as a framework for building science gateways
Authors: Oleksiak Ariel , Tullo Alisdair , Graham Paul , Kuczyński Tomasz , Nabrzyski Jarek , Szejnfeld Dawid , Sloan Terry 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne of the goals of the HPC‐Europa project is to provide users with a single point of access (SPA) to the resources of HPC centers in Europe. To this end, the HPC‐Europa portal is being built to provide transparent, uniform, flexible and intuitive user access to HPC‐Europa resources. This portal will hide the underlying complexity and heterogeneity of these resources and the services that provide access to them. Since the computational environment of HPC‐Europa is strongly heterogeneous, even in terms of the deployed Grid middleware, we need a mechanism that maps a uniform graphical user interface to the functionality provided by services available in the institutions belonging to the HPC‐Europa consortium. In addition, accounting information has to be stored and provided on demand for both limiting resource usage and charging purposes in the HPC‐Europa infrastructure. The important goal of the SPA is also to provide the means to support user access to specific applications. This should make access to Grid infrastructures easier for end‐users. Both mechanisms (generic and application‐specific interfaces), along with additional tools, will combine to provide flexible and efficient software for building science gateways for researchers in various domains. In this paper, we describe the architecture of the SPA, which is based on the GridSphere portal framework. We present a mechanism for enabling end‐users to transparently access services available in the HPC‐Europa environment. The uniform job submission interface that uses this mechanism and is based on the Job Specification Description Language (JSDL) is presented. The mechanism supporting development of application‐specific user interfaces is also described. Finally, we discuss relevant issues and interoperability problems connected with the development of the SPA, in particular those concerning job submission, security and accounting. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A component‐based nuclear power plant simulator kernel
Authors: Díaz Manuel , Garrido Daniel , Romero Sergio , Rubio Bartolomé , Soler Enrique , Troya José M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a nuclear power plant simulator kernel based on the high‐performance computing‐oriented Common Component Architecture (CCA). The approach takes advantage of both the component‐based software development and the efficient execution of parallel simulation models. The use of components improves the software life cycle and facilitates the development, maintenance and evolution of the simulator kernel, which can be adapted to different execution scenarios. Data dependencies among simulation models are resolved automatically by means of a novel algorithm, releasing the programmer from this tedious task and, as a result, making the development process easier. This work introduces the main features of the simulator kernel, describing concepts and the model on which it is based. Some preliminary results are shown that anticipate the feasibility and suitability of the proposal. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A AAAA model to support science gateways with community accounts
Authors: Welch Von , Barlow Jim , Basney James , Marcusiu Doru , Wilkins‐Diehr Nancy 
Published: October 2006

AbstractScience gateways have emerged as a concept for allowing large numbers of users in communities to easily access high‐performance computing resources which previously required a steep learning curve to utilize. In order to reduce the complexity of managing access for these communities, which can often be large and dynamic, the concept of community accounts is being considered. This paper proposes a security model for community accounts, organized by the four As of security: Authentication, Authorization, Auditing and Accounting. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Neutron Science TeraGrid Gateway: a TeraGrid science gateway to support the Spallation Neutron Source
Authors: Cobb John W. , Geist Al , Kohl James A. , Miller Stephen D. , Peterson Peter F. , Pike Gregory G. , Reuter Michael A. , Swain Tom , Vazhkudai Sudharshan S. , Vijayakumar Nithya N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe National Science Foundation's Extensible Terascale Facility (ETF), or TeraGrid (http://www.teragrid.org/), is entering its operational phase. An example of an ETF science gateway effort is the Neutron Science TeraGrid Gateway (NSTG). The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) resource provider effort (ORNL‐RP) now in operation is bridging the gap between a large‐scale experimental community and the TeraGrid as a large‐scale national cyberinfrastructure. Of particular importance here is the collaboration with the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at ORNL. The U.S. Department of Energy's SNS (http://www.sns.gov/) at ORNL will be commissioned in the spring of 2006 as the world's brightest source of neutrons. Neutron science users can run experiments, generate datasets, perform data reduction, analysis, visualize results, collaborate with remotes users, and archive long‐term data in repositories with curation services. The ORNL‐RP and the SNS data analysis group have spent 18 months developing and exploring user requirements, including the creation of prototypical services such as a facility portal, data, and application execution services. We describe results from these efforts and discuss implications for science gateway creation. Finally, we show incorporation into implementation planning for the NSTG and SNS architectures. The plan is for a primarily portal‐based user interaction supported by a service‐oriented architecture for functional implementation. Published in 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards an architecture for component‐oriented parallel programming
Authors: Carvalho Junior F. H. , Lins R. D. , Corrêa R. C. , Araújo G. A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe # component model was proposed to meet the growing demands of new complex applications of science and engineering that require productive and efficient use of high‐performance computing architectures. This paper presents the principles, intuition, and theories underlying the # component model, and the design of an architecture for programming frameworks that comply to the # component model. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pentacoordination at Germanium by Transannular Bonding of Sulfur or Oxygen in an Eight‐Membered Ring: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: González‐Montiel Simplicio , Andrade‐López Noemí , García‐Montalvo Verónica , Cogordan Juan Antonio , Alvarado‐Rodríguez José G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTreatment of LnGeCl4–n with D(C6H4SH)2 in the presence of nBuLi leads to the formation of the stable compounds D(C6H4S)2GeL1L2 (for D = S, L1 = Cl, L2 = Ph, 1 and L1 = L2 = Ph, 3; for D = O, L1 = Cl, L2 = Et, 4 and L1 = L2 = Ph, 5). The S(C6H4S)2Ge(Ph)Br compound (2) has been synthesised by halogen exchange from 1 and potassium bromide. X‐ray structure determinations of complexes 1–5 reveal that the germanium atom acts as an acceptor atom displaying an intramolecular transannular interaction with the chalcogen D atom. The geometry of the pentacoordinate Ge atom in the title compounds is described as distorted trigonal bipyramidal with a 64–31 % distortion displacement. The D→Ge (D = S, O) hypercoordinate interaction was studied by DFT methods using correlation consistent basis sets and relativistic ECP for Ge. NBO analysis showed that this interaction can be explained in terms of the interplay of covalent and Coulombic interactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
A Facile Hydrothermal Route to Flower‐Like Cobalt Hydroxide and Oxide
Authors: Yang Li‐Xia , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Li Liang , Zhang Ling , Tong Hua , Wang Wei‐Wei , Cheng Guo‐Feng , Zhu Jie‐Fang 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFlower‐like cobalt hydroxide [β‐Co(OH)2] consisting of nanosheet networks has been synthesized by a hydrothermal method from Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O in mixtures of water and glycerol/ethylene glycol at 200 °C. The morphology and phase of the cobalt hydroxide can be controlled by adjusting the experimental parameters that include cobalt acetate concentration and the volume ratio of water to glycerol/ethylene glycol. The possible formation mechanism of flower‐like cobalt hydroxide is discussed on the basis of experimental results. Cobalt oxide (Co3O4) flowers have also been obtained by thermal decomposition of cobalt hydroxide flowers in air at 400 °C. The products were characterized by powder XRD, TEM, selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), and field‐emission SEM (FESEM). (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Nickel Thiolate Complexes as Ligands for Copper and Zinc: Novel Additions to a Library of Binding Modes
Authors: Verhagen Johanna A. W. , Tock Christian , Lutz Martin , Spek Anthony L. , Bouwman Elisabeth 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe reactivity of the two nickel complexes [Ni(xbsms)] and [Ni(bsms)2] [H2xbsms = α,α′‐bis(4‐mercapto‐3,3‐dimethyl‐2‐thiabutyl)‐o‐xylene; Hbsms = 4‐mercapto‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐thiabutane] towards copper iodide and zinc bromide has been investigated. The reactions yield novel aggregates of higher nuclearity with topologies that are different from previous reports; the nickel complexes in all cases can be considered as didentate S ligands. The X‐ray structure of the novel octanuclear cluster [{Ni(bsms)2}3(CuI)5] shows a unique arrangement in which the cis‐NiS2S′2 units act as didentate ligands to a trigonal‐bipyramidal array of five CuI ions. The tetranuclear structure of [{Ni(xbsms)CuI}2] shows unprecedented asymmetric bridging of the thiolate sulfur atoms, with one of the thiolate groups binding to one copper ion and the other one μ3‐bridging to two copper ions. The complex is located on a crystallographic twofold axis and the complex in a single crystal is enantiomerically pure. The trinuclear complex [Ni2(bsms)3ZnBr3] is formed as a result of dissociation of the didentate bsms ligand from part of the mononuclear complex and reassembly to form a dinuclear core to which the ZnBr3– unit is coordinated to a single thiolate sulfur atom. A complex of stoichiometry [Ni3(xbsms)2(ZnBr3)2] has also been isolated and a structure proposal based on spectroscopic properties is given. All complexes have been characterised by analytical and spectroscopic methods. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Highly Diastereoselective [3+2] Cyclopenta[b]annulation of Indoles with2‐Arylcyclopropyl Ketones and Diesters
Authors: Venkatesh Chelvam , Singh Prabal P. , Ila Hiriyakkanavar , Junjappa Hiriyakkanavar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA highly diastereoselective Lewis acid (BF3·Et2O or TiCl4) induced [3+2] cycloaddition of substituted and unsubstituted indoles with 2‐arylcyclopropyl ketones/diesters yielding cyclopenta[b]indoles in high yields is reported. This methodology has also been extended to tetrahydrocarbazole, cyclopenta[b]‐ and cyclohepta[b]indoles affording tetracyclic propellane type frameworks in modest yields. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Reactions of Alkenyl Fischer Carbene Complexes with Ketene Acetals: Formation of Alkynes
Authors: Wang Siu Ling B. , Liu Xuejun , Ruiz Miriam C. , Gopalsamuthiram Vijay , Wulff William D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAlkenyl Fischer carbene complexes with an isopropoxy group on the carbene carbon will react with ketene acetals by 1,4‐addition to give a zwitterionic intermediate, which undergoes subsequent internal isopropoxide transfer to generate a vinylidene complex. Either a hydrogen or phenyl group on the vinylidene carbon will undergo a formal 1,2‐migration to give 4‐pentynoate esters after hydrolysis of the intermediate orthoester. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)