bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revised taxon definition in European Cortinarius subgenus Dermocybe based on phylogeny, chemotaxonomy, and morphology
Authors: Huymann Lesley Rosina , Hannecker Anna , Giovanni Turrini , Liimatainen Kare , Niskanen Tuula , Probst Maraike , Peintner Ursula , Siewert Bianka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCortinarius (Fr.) Fr. is one of the most species-rich genera in the Agaricales (Basidiomycota). Cortinarius subgen. Dermocybe (Fr.) Trog includes brightly coloured Cortinarii with anthraquinone pigments. The chemotaxonomic approach has always been as important as classical methods for species definition of Dermocybe and helped to improve overall species concepts. However, some species concepts within this group remain unclear. We therefore address this topic based on a combined phylogenetic, morphological, and pigment-chemical approach. For this, sequence data, HPLC–MS pigment profiles and spore sizes were included were included to obtain a better resolution of taxa. The study was based on 173 recent collections and 12 type specimens. A total of 117 rDNA ITS sequences were produced from the collections in this study, 102 sequences were retrieved from databases. We could detect and clearly delimit 19 Dermocybe species occurring in central European habitats, from which 16 are discussed in detail. Additionally, we grouped the detected anthraquinone pigments into four groups. This detailed analysis of dermocyboid Cortinarius species occurring in a restricted number of habitat types confirmed our hypothesis that species diversity is much higher than currently assumed. This high diversity is blurred by too wide and incorrect species concepts of several classical species like C. croceus and C. cinnamomeus. Molecular and chemotaxonomical studies carried out together with careful phenotypical analyses resulted in a good differentiation of species. A key is presented for these taxa to allow a better identification of Cortinarius subgenus Dermocybe spp. occurring in Central Europe mainly in the alpine range.
The incidence and effects of decentralized wage bargaining in Finland
Authors: Kauhanen Antti , Maczulskij Terhi , Riukula Krista 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThere was a strong push from employers to decentralize wage setting in Finland in the early 2000s. We analyze the incidence of decentralization and its effect on the level and dispersion of wages by using nationally representative panel data. The results show that wage setting was more likely decentralized in collective agreements where a high share of employees worked in manufacturing or real estate industries than in other industries, such as in education and human health and social work activities. Decentralization was, for the most part, quite short-lived. Using recent difference-in-differences methods that allow for heterogeneous treatment effects and differences in the timing of treatment, we show that decentralization had modest positive effects on the level and dispersion of wages in manufacturing.
The role of political fit and self-censorship at work for job satisfaction, social belonging, burnout, and turnover intentions
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , Nilsson Artur , Holm Kristoffer 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examined whether employees (N = 710) who experience low levels of political fit and who self-censor their political opinions at work, are more likely to display lower job satisfaction and perceived social community, and higher turnover intentions, burnout, and fear of social isolation. The results largely confirmed these associations and showed that the associations between perceived political fit and job satisfaction, social community, turnover intentions, and burnout were statistically mediated by willingness to self-censor. This suggests that employees who experience lower levels of person-organization fit with regards to their political ideology have a higher tendency to censure themselves, which is negatively related to their well-being, perceived social belonging, and job satisfaction. Furthermore, we found that the willingness to self-censor political opinions at work was slightly higher on average among those who were politically to the left, female, younger, and less educated. The findings point to the complexity of navigating political ideologies in the workplace.
Metal (loid) Exposure and Overweight and Obesity in 6–12-Year-Old Spanish Children
Authors: Salcedo-Bellido Inmaculada , Castillo Bueno Helga , Olmedo Pablo , Gil Fernando , Ocaña-Peinado Francisco M. , Rodrigo Lourdes , Rivas Ana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEpidemiological studies focusing on metal(oid) exposure and excess body weight among children show inconsistent results and the influence of metal(loid) mixtures has been little studied. We aimed to explore the effect of 10 metal(loid)s, individually and in combinations, on overweight and obesity among children aged 6–12. Urinary levels of these metal(oid)s from 92 controls and 51 cases with overweight and obesity were analyzed. Metal(loid) levels were log-transformed and categorized into tertiles according to the control group cutoff points. Two logistic regression models and weighted quantile sum regressions (WQS) were run: model 1 adjusting for age, sex, creatinine, energy intake and physical activity and model 2 additionally adjusting for maternal education, rice and fish consumption. In the single metal(oid) exposure model, there was a trend of significant negative association for urinary cobalt (Co), where children in the third tertile had lower odds of present overweight and obesity than those in the first (Odds Ratio, OR = 0.43; 95% Confidence Interval, CI = 0.20–0.93). Urinary chromium (Cr) levels were borderline-significant negatively associated with overweight and obesity (ORa = 1.70; 95% CI = 0.97–2.98). Molybdemun, Cr and Co had a major contribution to the inverse association between metal(loid) mixture and overweight and obesity as well as lead, cadmium and total arsenic in the positive relationship. Our findings in this explorative study suggested an inverse association of high urinary Co levels with overweight and obesity. Moreover, metal(loid) mixture exposure may have influence on overweight and obesity with an important contribution of Co in the potential negative effect.
Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls
Authors: Wiechers Cornelia , Sowula Julian , Kreutzer Karen , Schwarz Christoph E. , Weismann Christina , Krimmel Michael , Poets Christian F. , Koos Bernd 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence (RS), but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear. A functional treatment concept, used in our centre for 25 years, includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding training.

Methods
We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above concept. Infants with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov 2019. Infants with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated visits. Healthy controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 months. The digitally measured jaw index (JI), defined as alveolar overjet (O) x maxillary arch (U)/mandibular arch (L), and the soft tissue reference points A’-point, Nasion’, B’-point angle (ANB’), describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible, were evaluated. Linear mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.

Results
A total of 207 3D images, obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls, were analysed. JI and ANB’ decreased over time in both groups [for JI − 0.18 (95% CI − 0.25 to − 0.10); for ANB’: − 0.40° per month [(95% CI − 0.48 to − 0.32)]] but remained lower in controls [for JI − 2.5 (95% CI − 3.2 to − 1.8); for ANB’-1.7° (95% CI − 2.4 to − 1.0)]. Also, the ANB’ model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x age.

Conclusions
Based on longitudinal 3D images, we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of life. Our findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.
MF-MNER: Multi-models Fusion for MNER in Chinese Clinical Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Du Haoze , Xu Jiahao , Du Zhiyong , Chen Lihui , Ma Shaohui , Wei Dongqing , Wang Xianfang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo address the problem of poor entity recognition performance caused by the lack of Chinese annotation in clinical electronic medical records, this paper proposes a multi-medical entity recognition method F-MNER using a fusion technique combining BART, Bi-LSTM, and CRF. First, after cleaning, encoding, and segmenting the electronic medical records, the obtained semantic representations are dynamically fused using a bidirectional autoregressive transformer (BART) model. Then, sequential information is captured using a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network. Finally, the conditional random field (CRF) is used to decode and output multi-task entity recognition. Experiments are performed on the CCKS2019 dataset, with micro avg Precision, macro avg Recall, weighted avg Precision reaching 0.880, 0.887, and 0.883, and micro avg F1-score, macro avg F1-score, weighted avg F1-score reaching 0.875, 0.876, and 0.876 respectively. Compared with existing models, our method outperforms the existing literature in three evaluation metrics (micro average, macro average, weighted average) under the same dataset conditions. In the case of weighted average, the Precision, Recall, and F1-score are 19.64%, 15.67%, and 17.58% higher than the existing BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model respectively. Experiments are performed on the actual clinical dataset with our MF-MNER, the Precision, Recall, and F1-score are 0.638, 0.825, and 0.719 under the micro-avg evaluation mechanism. The Precision, Recall, and F1-score are 0.685, 0.800, and 0.733 under the macro-avg evaluation mechanism. The Precision, Recall, and F1-score are 0.647, 0.825, and 0.722 under the weighted avg evaluation mechanism. The above results show that our method MF-MNER can integrate the advantages of BART, Bi-LSTM, and CRF layers, significantly improving the performance of downstream named entity recognition tasks with a small amount of annotation, and achieving excellent performance in terms of recall score, which has certain practical significance. Source code and datasets to reproduce the results in this paper are available at https://github.com/xfwang1969/MF-MNER.
Graphical Abstract
Illustration of the proposed MF-MNER. The method mainly includes four steps: (1) medical electronic medical records need to be cleared, coded, and segmented. (2) The semantic representation obtained by dynamic fusion of the bidirectional autoregressive converter (BART) model. (3) The sequence information is captured by a bi-directional short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network. (4) the multi-task entity recognition is decoded and output by conditional random field (CRF).
Nomina anatomica-unde venient et quo vaditis?
Authors: Pretterklieber Michael L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs the title indicates, this article deals with the origins of anatomic terminology and its development up to the present day. The first attempt to name anatomical structures in animals and humans date back to Alkmaion, i.e. to the fifth century BC. Further work has been done at the same time by the Hippocratics and about 100 years later by Aristotle. As the Alexandrians Erasistratos and Herophilos first in history dissected human bodies, they expanded the anatomical terms. Until Celsus (around Christ’s birth) and even later on, anatomical terminology was almost exclusively based on the Greek language. Thus, Celsus and not—as frequently done—Galenos has to be called the father of Latin-based anatomical terminology. Due to several translations including Arabic, first periods of proverbial Bable resulted. Return to systematic order was achieved finally by Andreas Vesal (1514/15–1564) and Caspar Bauhin (1560–1624). But again due to translations into several national languages, the uniformity of the anatomical nomenclature was undermined. Thus, by the end of the nineteenth century, in 1895 the newly founded Anatomische Gesellschaft created a uniform terminology, the Basle Nomina Anatomica (BNA). Although it has been revised several times, it is still the very basic of human anatomical terminology. Recently, an attempt was made to replace it by English translations of the original Latin (and also still Greek) terms to mainly get machine-readable denominations. As this will result again in non-uniformity of terminology, the Anatomische Gesellschaft proposes a version of the latest, generally accepted terminology, based on the Latin terms but incorporating recent developments.
New strategy for anti-loop formulations
Authors: García Jose Manuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a strategy based on binary labelling of nodes for the creation of anti-loop formulations from existing strategies. This strategy prevents by default the formation of odd cycles, therefore it can have important role in iterative procedures based on generating subtour elimination constraints. It can also be used to modify the classic strategies used in problems associated to graphs. In this paper we focus on this last application. The behavior of this strategy is analyzed with two problems associated with graphs, the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (ATSP) and the Steiner Problem, where two configurations that modify the Miller-Tucking-Zemlig proposal to avoid cycles are compared. The experimental analysis shows that this strategy keep a good convergence, highlighting its use for the Steiner problem.
Metabolic re-programming in confrontations of Colletotrichum graminicola and Aspergillus nidulans with Bacillus biocontrol agents
Authors: Fernando Devasahayam Bennet Rohan , Barrera Adame Diana Astrid , Uthe Henriette , Pöschl-Grau Yvonne , Niedermeyer Timo H. J. , Deising Holger B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe established confrontations between two different fungi, i.e., the maize anthracnose and stalk rot pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola, and the ubiquitous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, and different biocontrol species, i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus velezensis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. In all fungus–bacterium confrontations tested, growth arrest and, thus, distance inhibition was observed on solid substrata. LC–MS/MS analyses of culture filtrates suggested formation of several metabolites only synthesized in confrontations. Interestingly, microscopy of fungal hyphae grown in liquid medium showed protrusions and color changes occurred only in media harboring fungus-bacterium confrontations. These observations indicate metabolic re-programming and suggest formation of putative secondary metabolites in interactions involving microbial biocontrol agents.
Building Natural Product–Based Libraries for Drug Discovery: Challenges and Opportunities from a Brazilian Pharmaceutical Industry Perspective
Authors: Conrado Gabrielly Galdino , da Rosa Rafael , Reis Romulo Dragani , Pessa Lisandra Ravanelli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNatural products represent an important source of new leads in drug discovery research. Several drugs currently used as therapeutic agents have been developed from natural sources, bioactive crude extracts and their plant secondary metabolites being specifically important. The screening of natural products can provide greater structural diversity than standard synthetic chemistry and offer significant opportunities for finding novel low molecular weight lead compounds. However, research with natural products also presents challenges for drug discovery, such as access and use of biological resources, technical barriers to screening, isolation, characterization, and resupply. Therefore, different strategies are presented as possible for a natural product-based drug discovery process. This review leads the reader through the main processes necessary to develop a modern natural product-based drug discovery program by summarizing the methods and strategies used to assemble and manage natural product libraries of plant origin. In addition, it brings insightful comments from a pharmaceutical industry perspective and presents original content, such as a curation of commercially available natural product libraries.
Graphical Abstract
Sensitivity of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Salento-1 to light at 410 nm
Authors: Bleve Gianluca , Trivellin Nicola , Chirizzi Daniela , Tarantini Annamaria , Orlandi Viviana Teresa , Milano Francesco 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAll over the world, from America to the Mediterranean Sea, the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa represents one of the most difficult challenges with many implications at ecological, agricultural, and economic levels. X. fastidiosa is a rod-shaped Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family of Xanthomonadaceae. It grows at very low rates and infects a wide range of plants thanks to different vectors. Insects, through their stylets, suck a sap rich in nutrients and inject bacteria into xylem vessels. Since, until now, no antimicrobial treatment has been successfully applied to kill X. fastidiosa and/or prevent its diffusion, in this study, antimicrobial blue light (aBL) was explored as a potential anti-Xylella tool. Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca Salento-1, chosen as a model strain, showed a certain degree of sensitivity to light at 410 nm. The killing effect was light dose dependent and bacterial concentration dependent. These preliminary results support the potential of blue light in decontamination of agricultural equipment and/or plant surface; however, further investigations are needed for in vivo applications.
Behavioural evidence to inform the COVID-19 pandemic response: Ireland's Social Activity Measure (SAM)
Authors: Lunn Peter D. , Timmons Shane , Robertson Deirdre A. , Julienne Hannah , Lavin Ciarán , Barjaková Martina , Poluektova Olga , Mohr Kieran , Andersson Ylva , McGowan Féidhlim P. , Papadopoulos Alexandros 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHumankind's main defence against the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), besides vaccine development, was co-ordinated behaviour change. In many countries, co-ordination was assisted by tracking surveys designed to measure self-reported behaviour and attitudes. This paper describes an alternative, complementary approach, which was undertaken in close collaboration with officials in the Department of the Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister). We adapted the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) to develop the ‘Social Activity Measure’ (SAM). The study was conducted fortnightly for 18 months, with findings delivered directly to the Department. This paper describes the method and shows how SAM generated a detailed picture of where and why transmission risk occurred. By using the DRM, we built aggregate measures from narrative accounts of how individuals spent their previous day. SAM recorded the amount, location and type of social activity, including the incidence of close contact and mask-wearing, as well as compliance with public health restrictions by shops and businesses. The method also permitted a detailed analysis of how public perceptions and comprehension are related to behaviour. The results informed government communications and strategies for lifting public health restrictions. The method could be applied to other future situations that might require co-ordinated public behaviour over an extended period.
Identifying and addressing social determinants of health to improve patient-centered care
Authors: Kalsi Neil , Gordon Denai , Geske Jenenne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this clinical improvement project was to instill a streamlined process of identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) in our clinic’s diverse patient population and provide resources that address these barriers to health and well-being. At each clinic visit, patients self-identified SDOH through an easy-to-use Social Assessment Form. Using an online database, Community Relay (CR), providers had access to location-based community resources. In addition to accomplishing the above-mentioned goals, we were left with a more well-rounded understanding of our patients. Unique struggles were identified and barriers to care were revealed, allowing for more patient-centered medical care.
Immediate Injury Deaths Related to the Remnants From Hurricane Ida in New York City, September 1-2, 2021
Authors: Yuan Ariel , Spira-Cohen Ariel , Olson Carolyn , Lane Kathryn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The remnants from Hurricane Ida in September 2021 caused unprecedented rainfall and inland flooding in New York City (NYC) and resulted in many immediate deaths. We reviewed death records (electronic death certificates and medical examiner reports) to systematically document the circumstances of death and demographics of decedents to inform injury prevention and climate adaptation actions for future extreme precipitation events. There were 14 Ida-related injury deaths in NYC, of which 13 (93%) were directly caused by Ida, and 1 (7%) was indirectly related. Most decedents were Asian (71%) and foreign-born (71%). The most common circumstance of death was drowning in unregulated basement apartments (71%). Themes that emerged from the death records review included the suddenness of flooding, inadequate exits, nighttime risks, and multiple household members were sometimes affected. These deaths reflect interacting housing and climate crises, and their disproportionate impact on disadvantaged populations needing safe and affordable housing. Climate adaptation actions, such as improving stormwater management infrastructure, informing residents about flood risk, implementing Federal Emergency Management Agency recommendations to make basements safer, and expanding emergency notification measures can mitigate risk. As climate change increases extreme precipitation events, multi-layered efforts are needed to keep residents safe.
Pension policies and early retirement: New evidence from a counterfactual analysis in Iran
Authors: Malek Sadati Saeed , Khandan Abbas , Hadadmoghadam Maliheh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCompared to the global average, the exit rate of old-aged Iranian labourers is significantly higher than that of middle-aged, raising the hypothesis that social security generosity pulls older workers into early retirement. We used a unique individual dataset of Iran’s Social Security Organization (ISSO), including 267, 000 newly retired in 2016 and 2018, to assess the impact of ISSO’s pension policies on employees’ retirement age. In a counterfactual evaluation design, this study first estimated the implicit tax on work continuation and then applied the Heckman two-stage selection model. The findings show that ISSO’s retirement rules determining the age of exit and benefit eligibilities significantly increase the retirement probability and simultaneously decline the retirement age. Moreover, the implicit tax on work continuation, which reflects ISSO’s benefit formula, has a significant positive effect on retirement probability. The replacement rate also has a significant negative impact on retirement age. The retirement probability in hazardous jobs is higher than in normal ones, while exemptions significantly fall the outflow age of hazardous job holders. To maintain the scheme’s sustainability, reforms have to target an increase in the statutory retirement age, a reduction in the accrual rate, the calculation of reference salary for more extended periods, and the decline of the exemption coefficient for hazardous jobs.