bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of transportation in freshwater and brackish water on Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) resistance
Authors: El-Galil Mohamed Abd El Aziz Ahmed Abd , Hassan Hala Ali Alsagheer Abd-Elaal , Ahmed Fatma Elzahraa Abd Alhamed , Mousa Mohamed Abd Allah , Emam Arafah M. , Osman Ahmed Elsayed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Oreochromis niloticus has great economic value and potential for farming and development. Transportation of fish was done for breeding or trading purpose and it is a challenging aspect of aquaculture. This study aimed to investigate the effect of transportation in freshwater and brackish water on the resistance of O. niloticus as well as transportation stress mitigation effect of NaCl. Four equal groups were used; each of 50 fish, the 1st group served as the control (P 1), while the 2nd group (PT 2) was transported in water without salt, the 3rd (PT 3) and 4th (PT 4) groups were transported in water containing 5 gL− 1 and 10 gL− 1 salt respectively. PT 2, PT 3 and PT 4 were transported for 5 hours without any rest or sedative drugs.
Results
The serum cortisol of O. niloticus significantly increased at 0 h and then decreased at 12 and 24 h post transportation in the PT 2 group and non significantly increased at all point times in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups comparing to P 1 group. Mucin2 gene expression was non-significantly up regulated in the PT 2 group and down regulated in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 0 h comparing with P 1 group, but at 12 and 24 h it was significantly up regulated in the PT 2, PT 3 and PT 4 groups. The β Defensin-1 and 2 genes expression was non-significantly down-regulated in the PT 2 group and significantly up regulated in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 0 h., while at 12 and 24 h was significantly down regulated in the PT 2 group and non-significantly down regulated in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups, it significantly down regulated in the PT 2 and PT 3 group and non significantly down regulated in the PT 4 group at 24 h. Non significant up regulation in interleukin − 1β gene expression was reported in the PT 2 group and non significant down regulation in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 0 h. However, significant up regulation was recorded in the PT 2, PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 12 and 24 h. The Tumor necrosis factor- alpha gene expression was non-significantly up regulated in the PT 2 group and non-significantly down regulated in the PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 0h. However, it was significantly up regulated in the PT 2, PT 3 and PT 4 groups at 12 and 24 h.
Conclusion
The results of this study confirmed the stressful effect of transportation on O. niloticus as well as the transportation stress mitigation effect of NaCl.
A prediction nomogram for uncomplicated appendicitis and complicated appendicitis: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Yi , Chen Yingdan , Wang Yang , Zhang Wei , Gao Hengyi , He Gengsheng , Li Hailiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
It has been proven that nonoperative therapy of uncomplicated appendicitis (UA) is safe and effective. In comparison, complicated appendicitis(CA) requires surgical treatment. Because of this, it's crucial to differentiate between UA and complicated appendicitis (CA). The aim of our study was to investigate preoperative variables associated with patients with acute appendicitis (AA) and to create a scoring system that would predict CA.
Methods
A prediction model was created using 256 patients with AA admitted to the People's Hospital of Longhua in Shenzhen between January 1 and December 31, 2022. One hundred ten patients who received medical care at the Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2022, were considered for external validation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to find independent factors and create a nomogram to forecast the occurrence of CA.
Results
Multivariate logistic regression showed that CA was independently predicted by fever (P = 0.022 OR = 2.46), WBC (P = 0.049 OR = 1.08), NLR (P = 0.02 OR = 1.05), TB (P = 0.003 OR = 1.05), FIB (P = 0.001 OR = 0.84), and appendix diameter on imaging (P = 0.024 OR = 1.13). The nomogram created from the previously mentioned six parameters had an area under the curve of 0.804. According to the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the model had a decent fit (P = 0.475). The nomogram's calibration curve was rather near the ideal diagonal line. The decision curve analysis also showed that the model's net benefit was substantially higher. The prediction nomogram's reliability was validated externally.
Conclusion
We were the first to create a nomogram based on preoperative variables to distinguish patients with CA from those with AA. It gives medical professionals a simple and precise tool for diagnosing CA early.
Weak Pulse Signal Distributed Fusion Detection with Multidimensional Nonlinear Correlation Subjected to Broad Learning
Authors: Su Liyun , Long Xuelian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Due to highly complex distributed sensors chaotic environments in sea monitoring, machinery fault diagnosis, and EEG weak signal detection, the data available to realize the effective detecting tasks of neural networks are often insufficient. Compared with machine learning models, a statistical approach with multidimensional nonlinear correlation exhibits a unique and extraordinary signal pattern predicting capacity and has a simple and powerful framework for signal processing. However, the application of multidimensional nonlinear correlation directly to weak pulse signal detection remains limited. To overcome these limitations and reach highly precision signal detection, a novel multidimensional nonlinear correlation (MNC) based on phase reconstructing and manifold broad learning is investigated for distributed sensor fusion detection under chaotic noise. Firstly, the distributed observation data is reconstructed into fixed-size arrays with phase space reconstructing, and the high dimensional sequence of the manifold broad learning of these tuples is used as an input of nonlinear correlation for extracting spatio-temporal features. Subsequently, a multidimensional nonlinear correlation with a QRS detector layer is developed to predict and classify the existence of a weak pulse signal. The MNC is integrated in the high feature enhanced space of the source domain and the detection fusion of distributed sensors is realized through the majority principle. Simulation experiments results show illustrates the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed MNC method combined with phase reconstructing and manifold broad learning strategy for distributed sensors weak pulse signal fusion detection in a chaotic background.
Masking Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials Elicited by Vertical-Axis Vibrations through Speech Noises or Random Interstimulus-Interval Tone-Bursts
Authors: Lee Guo-She , Dai Wei-Ting , Lee Shao-Hsuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) can be elicited using bone-conduction vibration (BCV) and air-conduction sound (ACS), with BCV VEMP conventionally linked to bilateral vestibular pathways. We employed a new method to obscure BCV VEMP using acoustic maskings, aiming to contribute to the possibility of unilateral BCV VEMP testings. Twenty healthy adults (20–37 years, 10 males10 females) were enrolled. The vertical-axis vibrations (VAVs) of 500-Hz short tone burst (STB500) and 750-Hz short tone burst (STB750) were used to induce cervical VEMP through a Mini-Shaker (model 4810, Bruel & Kjaer) placed at vertex without acoustic masking (NOM), with 100-dBSPL speech noise masking (SNM), or with random interstimulus-interval tone burst (rISITB) were applied binaurally during VEMP testing. While response rates of STB500 were relatively less affected by SNM or rISITB (92.5% for NOM, 85.0% for SNM, and 75.0% for ISITB), response rates of STB750 were significantly reduced from 90.0% (NOM) to 17.5% (SNM) and 45.0% (rISITB) (p < 0.001, Fisher’s exact test). The response amplitude and p13 latency of STB750 were also significantly different from those of STB500 (p < 0.01, two-way repeated measures ANOVA). VAVs of STB750 elicited a >90% response rate of cervical VEMP and had 80% diminish of response rate by SNM. SNM demonstrated superior masking efficacy to rISITB. Although further research is warranted for possibilities of clinical application, our results indicate the methodology here provides potential of conducting VEMP tests on an individual ear and/or a specific organ using BCV VEMP.
A 900y Annual Temperature Reconstruction for the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau from Tree Ring Width of Juniperus saltuaria
Authors: Xu Shanshan , Shang Zhiyuan , Zheng Chaogang , Zhang Zhigang , Kong Xinggong , Zhao Zhijun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Two annually resolved and absolutely dated Juniperus saltuaria (JS) tree ring width chronologies from the Haizi mountain, southeastern TP were reported in here. We sampled two sites in different landscapes, one is located at the forest line at ca. 4200 m above sea level beside an incised valley, and the other at the plateau surface, ca. 4500 m in elevation. Comparisons of statistical parameters between two sites and their tree ring index correlation coefficient with meteorologic data of DaoCheng shows that the latter site exhibits higher value than the former one. These indicate that those trees growing along the valley side may be more susceptible to local environment, and those on the plateau surface can provide reliable record for regional climate. Based on the latter chronology, a 903a long annual mean temperature (Tmean) series (1115-2017 CE) was reconstructed. It is the longest width chronology reconstructed by JS at present. The entire sequence shows consistent warm-cold patterns with other temperature reconstructions of the TP, Asia, and Northern Hemisphere. The warmest (coldest) period occurred at 1998-2017 CE (1115-1145 CE), respectively. There was no doubt that temperature raised sharply since the end of the 20th century. In addition, the sequence demonstrates multi-decadal, decadal and inter-decadal variations, further multi-taper method reveals dominant periodicities are 147, 36, 18, 7 and 2-2.6a, likely been affected by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and solar activity. The forcing of volcanic eruptions resulted to subsequent 1-3 years temperature drops.
TERT Promoter Mutations Contribute to Adverse Clinical Outcomes and Poor Prognosis in Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Tan Gongxun , Jin Bingquan , Qian Xiaoqin , Zhang Guoliang , Agyekum Enock Adjei , Wang Feng , Shi Liang , Zhang Yue , Mao Zhenwei , Shi Chunhe , Xu Ying , Li Xiuying , Zhang Lele , Li Shaohua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations are associated with non-radioiodine avidity. However, the role of these mutations in the clinical outcomes of patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) remains unknown. Herein, we aimed to analyze gene mutations and clinical manifestations to verify TERTp’s role in driving disease progression to RAIR-DTC and clinical outcomes. Next-generation sequencing data and clinical data were obtained from 243 patients with DTC. Of the 25 patients with TERTp mutations, 80% (20/25) had RAIR-DTC. RAIR-DTC was significantly less prevalent in patients with BRAFV600E (9/143, 6.3%) than those with both BRAFV600E and TERTp mutations (14/17, 82.4%). Patients with RAIR-DTC harboring both BRAFV600E and TERTp mutations had a higher rate of having >3 distant metastatic sites (71.4%, 10/14) than those with BRAFV600E alone (11.1%, 1/9). Only one patient with both BRAFV600E and TERTp mutations had non-RAIR-DTC. Time from initial radioactive iodine therapy to RAIR-DTC diagnosis was significantly shorter in patients with TERTp mutations than in those without. Patients with BRAFV600E and TERTp mutations progressed faster to RAIR-DTC than those with BRAFV600E alone (p<0.01). Our findings suggest that molecular testing for TERTp and other mutations like BRAFV600E may inform early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies before progression to RAIR-DTC.
Novel resistance loci for quantitative resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in Asian wheat (Triticum aestivum) via genome-wide association study
Authors: Patial Madhu , He Xinyao , Navathe Sudhir , Kamble Umesh , Kumar Manjeet , Joshi Arun Kumar , Singh Pawan Kumar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, poses severe challenges to wheat cultivation worldwide. Deployment of resistant cultivars renders a practical way to control this disease. Therefore, the identification of resistant sources and genes/QTLs is imperative. We attempted to elucidate the genomic architecture for adult-plant STB resistance in a Septoria Association Mapping Panel (SAMP), which has 181 cultivars and advanced breeding genotypes from bread wheat breeding programs in India and Bangladesh. Field experiments identified several accessions such as BGD52 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), BGD54 (CHIR7/ANB//CHIR1), IND92 (WH 1218), IND8 (DBW 168) and IND75 (PBW 800) possessing high levels of resistance. Genetic analysis indicated 21 stable quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) for STB resistance on all wheat chromosomes except 2D, 3A, 3D, 4A, 4D, 5D, 6B, 6D and 7A, most of which were found on previously identified chromosome regions for STB resistance. Three QTNs exhibited bigger phenotypic effects and were identified in all three experiments, including Q.STB.5A.1, Q.STB.5B.1and Q.STB.5B.3. Additionally, QTNs on chromosomes 1A (Q.STB.1A.1), 2A (Q.STB_DH.2A.1, Q.STB.2A.3), 2B (Q.STB.2B.4), 5A (Q.STB.5A.1, Q.STB.5A.2) and 7B (Q.STB.7B.2) might represent novel resistance QTL. The resistant genotypes and molecular markers identified in the present study could be used for STB resistance breeding programmes around the globe.
Background
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease causes yield losses of up to 50 per cent in susceptible wheat cultivars and can pose serious threat to wheat production. In this study, genomic architecture for adult-plant STB resistance in a Septoria Association Mapping Panel (SAMP) having 181 cultivars and genomic regions governing STB resistance in a South Asian wheat panel were looked for.
Results
The study found STB resistance sources, genomic regions, QTLs, haplotypes, pleiotropic SNPs, and candidate genes in Asian bread wheat genotypes. Five of the discovered QTNs i.e. on chromosomes 1A (Q.STB.1A.1), 2A (Q.STB_DH.2A.1, Q.STB.2A.3), 2B (Q.STB.2B.4), 5A (Q.STB.5A.1, Q.STB.5A.2) and 7B (Q.STB.7B.2) were potentially unique.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate the importance of Asian bread wheat as a source of STB resistance alleles and novel stable QTNs for wheat breeding initiatives to generate durable and broad-spectrum Z. tritici-resistant wheat cultivars.
Heat transfer characteristics resembling thermal semiconductor of expressway embankment with ventilation and open-block layer in warm and high-altitude permafrost regions
Authors: Yuan Chang , Yu Qihao , Li Dongwei , Guo Lei , Lei Lele , Zhenhua Wang , Lai Yuanming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Active cooling measures has been widely used to protect the underlying permafrost and maintain the embankment stability. Based on the measured data of high-grade highway experimental demonstration engineering in the Beiluhe area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the heat transfer process and ground temperature response have been analyzed to reveal the thermal control mechanism of the expressway embankment with ventilation and open block layer. (1) Heat was transferred through the block layer in both horizontal and vertical directions by different driving modes. In the horizontal direction, heat was transferred by forced convection under the driving of the local prevailing wind. In the vertical direction, heat was transferred upward by natural convection in the cold season and downward by heat conduction in the warm season under the driving of temperature gradient between the upper and lower boundaries of the block layer. (2) The expressway embankment structure showed the thermal semiconductor effect in both directions. The horizontal and vertical equivalent heat conductivity in the cold period was approximately 6.25 times and 3.5 times of that in the warm period. (3) The underlying frozen soil foundation was provided a net heat released state, and the total released heat was approximately 1.2 times of the total heat absorption. As the result, thick and wide cold permafrost layer (T<-1.0℃) was generated gradually, permafrost table increased and ground temperature decreased generally. This expressway embankment with ventilation duct and block layer contributed to protect the underlying permafrost layer and improve the stability of the frozen soil foundation in the warm and high-altitude permafrost regions.
Estimation of Smallholder Farmers’ Demand for Certified Seed: Evidence From Wheat and Tef Seed Systems in Ethiopia
Authors: Gemechu Abera , Gemechu Bekele , Kaske Karta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The previous studies conducted in Ethiopia have mainly concentrated on the adoption of tef and wheat crops, along with complementary inputs. However, there has been a notable gap in research when it comes to examining the factors that influence the demand for certified seeds in the country. The study aimed to assess the factors that influence farmers' decisions to purchase certified seeds and the quantity of certified seeds purchased by tef and wheat farmers. Data were collected from 186 randomly selected sample farmers using a multistage sampling approach. A double hurdle model was used to analyze the data, considering that the decisions to participate in certified seed purchase and the quantity of purchased are influenced by different factors. The results showed that household size, tef farming experience, and proximity to cooperative office, age, and land size had a significant effect on the likelihood of purchasing certified tef seeds. Education level, distance to extension office, certified wheat seed price, and extension contacts were found to significantly influenced the decision to purchase certified wheat seeds. Furthermore, education level, land size, certified tef and wheat seed price, livestock ownership were significantly influenced both quantity of certified tef and wheat seeds purchased. In conclusion, enhancing farmers' skills, ensuring local seed availability through collective actions, and implementing a seed price subsidy program could enhance crop productivity for farmers with limited resources. The study suggests that farmers' seed producer cooperatives and private seed suppliers should be encouraged to increase their involvement in producing certified self-pollinated seeds.
Broadband nonlinear phonon-laser frequency comb
Authors: Xiao Guangzong , Feng Zijian , Kuang Tengfang , Huang Ran , He Yutong , Chen Xinlin , Zuo Yunlan , Han Xiang , Xiong Wei , Tan Zhongqi , Ganesan Adarsh , Nori Franco , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Luo Hui , Jing Hui 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Optical frequency combs have received increasing attention, thanks to their fundamental importance in optical computing, communication, sensing and metrology. Recently, thermal phonon counterparts of frequency combs have shown ~102 comb teeth and ~103 teeth spacing, and limited to the high-frequency range over 100 kHz. In contrast, we report the first truly coherent acoustic frequency comb (AFC), with simultaneous giant enhancements in comb teeth number and teeth spacing, reaching the record teeth number of 10^4, covering six orders of magnitude in frequency; thus enabling a wide range of typical applications as force sensing, deep-sea monitoring or biomedical ultrasonics. In such a single device, two kinds of nonlinear couplings can emerge, i.e., the gain-assisted light-motion coupling and the mechanical wave mixing, the interplay of which can be flexibly tuned by rotating the angle of the membrane. Therefore, a single device could achieve a coherent switch from the multi-color phonon lasing regime to the coherent AFC regime, with almost perfectly uniform comb teeth. This work presents the first example merging phonon lasers and AFCs, and can stimulate more efforts on making and operating high-quality coherent AFC chips for diverse applications, by using phonon lasers already achieved in such diverse systems as membranes, levitated spheres, photonic crystals, semiconductor lattices, and cold ions.
Extraction of lineaments using satellite imagery for a seismic zone of the Sarpol Zahab Region
Authors: Ali Randa , Elubid Basheer A. , Dafalla Dafalla S. , Kamran Muhammad , Aldoud Abdelmottaleb A. , Wu Xiyong , Chen Qiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The work focused on the results of the automated extraction of lineaments and the study of geology and structural geology in the Sarpol Zahab region. Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used to extract faults and structural geology. We used principal component analysis (PCA) and directional filtering techniques applied to the Landsat 8 OLI satellite image to extract lineaments and structural geology in the study area. The shading was used to create a lineament map and a map of the structural geology of the research region. The predominant direction of the faults and lineaments is NW-SE. The density maps show a large concentration in the northwest, Southeast, and southern parts of the Sarpol Zahab area (near the MFF). We have validated these results by comparing them with geological maps and two validation criteria. First, the lithological component shows that the lineaments are often concentrated on rocks, as in the NW-SE trending surface anticlines of limestones in the Southeast and the Oligocene to Miocene sandstones and conglomerates in the West. Another component is the overlay of the lineaments on the slope map. This shows a conspicuous concentration of lineaments where the slopes are steep, and the sudden slope change is most likely the result of faulting activity. The structural lineament extraction method is acknowledged as a benefit for this kind of study and is thought to be a utility reference method with accuracy in striatal lineament selection.