bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognition and management of left atrial dissection during mitral repair
Authors: Alshaabi Haya , Donaghue Jack F. , Franko Denise M. , McCullough Jock N. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Left atrial dissection (LAtD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of mitral valve surgery. Its management is not well stablished in the literature. However, early recognition through intraoperative TEE and attention to changes in the left atrial free wall during saline leak testing can lead to avoidance of severe complications.

Case presentation
We report a case of LAtD detected by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) following mitral valve repair for primary mitral valve regurgitation secondary to degenerative mitral valve disease with MAZE IV procedure for atrial fibrillation. LAtD was noted on TEE as an expanding double density along the wall of the left atrium with a jet originating at the posterior annulus flowing into the LAtD which was repaired. Separation from bypass following LAtD repair was complicated by severe biventricular dysfunction requiring significant inotropic support and placement of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). Patient’s post-operative course was further complicated by right sided heart failure requiring placement of a right sided impella which was subsequently removed on POD 4. Patient was discharged home on POD 17. Transthoracic echo at 1 month, 3 months demonstrated resolution of the LAtD. A follow up echo at 4 years showed complete resolution of the LAtD with an intact mitral repair, trace mitral regurgitation, and a mean gradient across the repair of 3 mm Hg.

Conclusions
Left atrial dissection is a rare but serious complication of mitral valve surgery. We provide a review of the current literature regarding LAtD, emphasizing the need to consider this complication early during mitral surgery to allow for uncomplicated repair.
The effects of manual therapy in pain and safety of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Bowen , Ba He , Kong Lingjun , Fu Yangyang , Ren Jun , Zhu Qingguang , Fang Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Manual therapy (MT) is frequently used in combination with management of osteoarthritis of the knee, but there is no consensus on the exact efficacy of this treatment strategy. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the pain relief and safety of MT for treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods
Randomized controlled trials evaluating MT in patients with KOA in major English and Chinese journals were searched in the following databases: Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP database), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases through June 2023. The methodological quality and quality of evidence of the included studies were assessed using Cochrane’s risk-of-bias 2 (ROB 2) tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Data analysis was performed using Stata version 15.0 software. After use of Galbraith plots to exclude studies that could lead to heterogeneity, random effects models were used to analyze the remaining data and test the consistency of the findings. We used meta-regression to assess the effect of treatment period, patient age, and sex ratio on outcomes. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to evaluate publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were used to determine the reliability of the results.

Results
A total of 25 studies, with 2376 participants, were included in this review. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was limited. Our findings suggest that MT has a positive impact on pain relief outcomes in KOA patients. The meta-analysis showed that MT was superior to usual care (SMD = 2.04, 95% CI 0.94, 3.14, I2 = 96.3%; low evidence quality) and exercise (SMD = 1.56, 95% CI 0.41, 2.71, I2 = 96.3%; low evidence quality) for reducing pain. In terms of improvement in visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, MT treatment beyond 4 weeks (SMD = 1.56, 95% CI 0.41, 2.71, I2 = 96.3%) may be superior to treatments less than or equal to 4 weeks (SMD = 1.24, 95% CI 0.56, 1.95, I2 = 94.7%). No serious adverse events associated with MT were reported.

Conclusions
MT may be effective at reducing pain in patients with KOA and may be more effective after a 4-week treatment period. Compared with usual care and exercise therapy, MT may be superior at reducing KOA pain in the short term (9 weeks), but its long-term efficacy requires careful consideration of evidence-based outcomes. MT appears to be safe for KOA patients, though clinicians should inform patients of the potential risk of MT-related adverse events.
Acute hepatitis A complicated by encephalitis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ashour Reham , Ibrahim Rahma , Muhammed Ammar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis A is the most common cause of acute hepatitis around the globe, especially in developing countries. It often presents with signs and symptoms related to the gastrointestinal system. However, it rarely presents extrahepatic manifestations, which can be more common in adults than in children.

Case presentation
We report a unique case of hepatitis A presenting with encephalitis that was resolved conservatively. Before attributing the neurological features to hepatitis A, we had to rule out other etiologies with similar presentations.

Clinical discussion
Many viruses cause encephalitis, such as herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus and enteroviruses. A few cases of hepatitis A complicated by encephalitis have been reported in the literature. In our case, developing a tonic-clonic seizure with no past seizure history demanded more investigations to exclude other etiologies. Ultimately, clinical signs and laboratory investigations led us to consider hepatitis A as the main cause of the patient’s symptoms of encephalitis.

Conclusion
Hepatitis A virus may present with extrahepatic manifestations more than expected, so more studies and research should be done to increase physicians’ knowledge of these manifestations, make early diagnosis, and administer the effective treatment.
Dissemination of clinical and scientific practice through social media: a SIAARTI consensus-based document
Authors: Cortegiani Andrea , Battaglini Denise , Amato Giovanna , Behr Astrid Ursula , Donadello Katia , Einav Sharon , Frigo Maria Grazia , Fullin Giorgio , Giannini Alberto , Ippolito Mariachiara , Marozzi Franco , Monzani Roberta , Monti Gianpaola , Schultz Marcus J. , Torrano Vito , Villa Gianluca , Giarratano Antonino 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Dissemination of medical practice and scientific information through social media (SoMe) by clinicians and researchers is increasing. Broad exposure of information can promote connectivity within the scientific community, overcome barriers to access to sources, increase debate, and reveal layperson perspectives and preferences. On the other hand, practices lacking scientific evidence may also be promoted, laypeople may misunderstand the professional message, and clinician may suffer erosion of professional status. The aim of this project was to enhance awareness and advise the anesthesia community and clinicians at large about the potential risks advocate for responsible use of SoMe to disseminate information related to medical practices and knowledge.

Methods
A modified Delphi process with prespecified consensus criteria was conducted among a multidisciplinary panel of experts, including anesthesiologists-intensivists, clinical psychologists, and forensic medicine specialists. Six items were identified: Ethics and deontological principles, the practice of sharing information via social media, legal aspects, psychological aspects, self-promotion, and criteria for appropriate dissemination. Statements and rationales were produced and subjected to blinded panelists’ votes. After reaching consensus, a document was written which then underwent external review by experts uninvolved in the consensus process. The project was promoted by the Italian Society of Anesthesia Analgesia Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI).

Results
Twelve statements were produced, and consensus was achieved for all. The panel concluded that the general principles guiding dissemination of professional information via SoMe must remain in line with the general principles of ethics, deontology, and scientific validity that guide the medical profession and science in general. Professional equity must be maintained while communicating via SoMe. Medical practices lacking support by scientific evidence should not be disseminated. Patients’ informed consent must be obtained before dissemination of information, images, or data. Self-promotion must not be prioritized over any of these principles.

Conclusions
When sharing medical practices and scientific information on SoMe, healthcare professionals are advised to act conscientiously and ethically. Local regulations should be adhered to. Institutional training on the potential risks and proper of SoMe for such purpose may contribute to preservation of professional integrity.
Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: ASCO Guideline Update
Authors: Gordan John D. , Kennedy Erin B. , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K. , Beal Eliza , Finn Richard S. , Gade Terence P. , Goff Laura , Gupta Shilpi , Guy Jennifer , Hoang Hang T. , Iyer Renuka , Jaiyesimi Ishmael , Jhawer Minaxi , Karippot Asha , Kaseb Ahmed O. , Kelley R. Kate , Kortmansky Jeremy , Leaf Andrea , Remak William M. , Sohal Davendra P.S. , Taddei Tamar H. , Wilson Woods Andrea , Yarchoan Mark , Rose Michal G. 
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE To update an evidence-based guideline to assist in clinical decision-making for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS ASCO convened an Expert Panel to update the 2020 guideline on systemic therapy for HCC. The panel updated the systematic review to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through October 2023 and updated recommendations. RESULTS Ten new RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were added to the evidence base. RECOMMENDATIONS Atezolizumab + bevacizumab (atezo + bev) or durvalumab + tremelimumab (durva + treme) may be offered first-line for patients with advanced HCC, Child-Pugh class A liver disease, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-1. Where there are contraindications to these therapies, sorafenib, lenvatinib, or durvalumab may be offered first-line. Following first-line treatment with atezo + bev, second-line therapy with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), ramucirumab (for patients with alpha-fetoprotein [AFP] ≥400 ng/mL), durva + treme, or nivolumab + ipilimumab (nivo + ipi) may be recommended for appropriate candidates. Following first-line therapy with durva + treme, second-line therapy with a TKI is recommended. Following first-line treatment with sorafenib or lenvatinib, second-line therapy options include cabozantinib, regorafenib for patients who previously tolerated sorafenib, ramucirumab (AFP ≥400 ng/mL), nivo + ipi, or durvalumab; atezo + bev or durva + treme may be considered for patients who did not have access to these therapies in the first-line setting, and do not have contraindications. Pembrolizumab or nivolumab are also options for appropriate patients following sorafenib or lenvatinib. Third-line therapy may be considered in Child-Pugh class A patients with good PS, using one of the agents listed previously that has a nonidentical mechanism of action with previously received therapy. A cautious approach to systemic therapy is recommended for patients with Child-Pugh class B advanced HCC. Further guidance on choosing between options is included within the guideline. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/gastrointestinal-cancer-guidelines .
A Great Refusal
Authors: Cremin Ciara 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Marcuse advocated for what he called a Great Refusal of the idea that there was no plausible alternative to capitalism. He rallied against what he called the performance principle, a passive submission to the logic of exchange, particularly in respect to alienated labor and consumption. This essay takes the idea of a great refusal and applies it to transgender people, and trans women in particular, who refuse to submit to the demands of society to conform in their identity and practices to the gender given at birth. There are manifold implications, both personal and collective, that this essay examines. Drawing on Marxist and psychoanalytic concepts, it describes how a generalized aversion and repudiation of femininity born of an androcentrism of the unconscious must be addressed and the institutions of today's reality principle radically recalibrated to favor the feminine.
“Waking to Dream”
Authors: Jesperson Jamey , Wesley Saylesh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In 2014, then doctoral student Saylesh Wesley published the now canonical TSQ article, “Twin-Spirited Woman: Sts'iyóye smestíyexw slhá:li,” gifting her story of “coming in” as a Stó:lō trans woman to all Two-Spirit people. Using similar “storywork” methods, the following oral history biography expands the written record of Saylesh's life before, during, and after her well-known narrative, as told by Saylesh to Jamey Jesperson, a trans historian who spent the summer of 2022 recording Saylesh's oral stories for the Stó:lō Library and Archives. Tracing Saylesh's multiplex life in seven parts, this biography provides a bird's-eye view of her birth, her complicated childhood and teen years, her early-twenties transition and foray into 1990s Vancouver nightlife, her infamous reception of the title Sts'iyóye smestíyexw slhá:li in 2012, and then her groundbreaking renaming ceremony four years later. The biography concludes with Saylesh's story today, as she is amid yet another grand transition: crystallizing into the Two-Spirit Elder she was always meant to be.
Cover Annotation
Authors: Sharron Kelly 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The inaugural issue of TSQ featured a selfie of Chelsea Manning, marking the way that Chelsea Manning, and the attendant and related controversies of treason and trans identity, began a newly formed figure in the trans imaginary. This tenth anniversary issue returns Manning to the cover in a multitude of forms, courtesy of Heather Dewey-Hagborg's Probably Chelsea (2017). This annotation explores the themes of Probably Chelsea and the larger collaborative efforts between Dewey-Hagborg and Manning, including Radical Love: Chelsea Manning (2015).
Unsettling the Conversation on Trans Rights
Authors: Laidlaw Leon , Stirrett Natasha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article argues that trans rights are trapped within settler frameworks of gender and rights, therefore making them incompatible with and in opposition to Indigenous lifeways. Starting with the premise that engagement with the settler state is not benign, the authors argue that trans rights-based organizing diverts and thwarts the potential for solidarity work with Indigenous struggles for freedom and is inherently limited in its potential to secure Indigenous futurity. The authors hope that trans studies and collective struggles organized around gender embrace anti-colonial and anti-racist praxis to result in tangible and discursive outcomes to bolster Indigenous cultural continuity and land-based connections. The authors use this article to call for a collective movement toward gender self-determination that is sensitive and reflexive of settler colonialism and produces tangible decolonial actions that will benefit the lives of Indigenous Two-Spirit, trans, and nonbinary people and align with movements for Indigenous self-determination. Queer and trans settlers are urged to begin a process of accountability and to engage a decolonial praxis to support Indigenous decolonization in all its forms—fighting for land claims, defending water and land rights, and supporting the resurgence of Indigenous erotics and gender formations. To be truly decolonial we suggest that trans political organizing moves beyond the settler framework of rights and toward Indigenous solidarity in politics, practices, and shared struggles, foregrounding anti-colonial, anti-racist, and pro-Indigenous values.
Analysis of human ABO Blood Group as a risk factor with knee osteoarthritis at tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Shazia Rahman , Atta Ur Rahman Aneela , Makhdoom Asadullah 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To investigate the association and risk estimation of ABO blood group distribution and clinical attributes in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.
Method: This was a hospital-based study conducted at, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad from December, 2019 to December, 2022 to investigate this least researched area of highly prevalent musculoskeletal disease in Pakistan. Non-Probability Convenience Sampling was used for selecting 190 cases of confirm Knee Osteoarthritis patients diagnosed by Orthopedic surgeon based on standard clinical and radiographic criteria. Data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 23.0. Percentages and frequencies were counted for categorical data. Pearson Chi Square test and fisher’s exact test were used to check the association and Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to estimate the risk for moderate and severe kellgren grading Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) cases with ABO blood grouping in comparison of mild Kellgren grading.
Results: A total of 190 cases of Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) were included in the study. Females (61.6%) and patients with age 50 and above were 40.5 % were found in greater proportion. Majority (41.6%) were classified radiologically as mild cases with O group (39.5%) and positive Rh antigen (95.8%). Strong association (p = <0.01) was found between gender, age group and ABO blood group with KOA radiological Kellgren and Lawrence score.
Conclusion: There is strong relation in between radiological grading of knee osteoarthritis severity and A blood group, gender and age.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8865
How to cite this: Shaikh SR, Atta Ur Rahman A, Makhdoom A. Analysis of human ABO Blood Group as a risk factor with knee osteoarthritis at tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8865
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cyber Insurance and Post-Breach Services: A Normative Analysis
Authors: Hui Wendy , Hui Kai-Lung , Yue Wei T. 
Published: March 2024

Cyber insurance is becoming an essential tool for managing cybersecurity risks. In this study, we analyze how having the option to subscribe to cyber insurance services affects firms’ risk prevention and mitigation decisions. We model the scenario where the firm purchases cyber insurance in a competitive insurance market and compare it against the case when it does not purchase cyber insurance. When there is a breach, cyber insurance can help cover mitigation expenses and breach losses. Consistent with the prior literature, we find that in most cases cyber insurance exacerbates ex ante moral hazard by decreasing expected risk prevention. However, it enhances ex post efforts by increasing expected risk mitigation, which can lead to more positive outcomes for the insured firm. The mechanism involves designing the contract with a delicate calibration of the coverage of breach losses and the coinsurance rate. Moreover, the findings highlight the importance of a healthy risk mitigation service market in managing cybersecurity risks. Funding: This research was supported in part by the Hong Kong SAR General Research Fund project [16502417]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2021.0120 .
If Everyone Returned, the Island Would Sink: Urbanisation and Migration in Vanuatu, Kirstie Petrou (2020)
Authors: Bessard Rudy 
Published: March 2024

Review of: If Everyone Returned, The Island Would Sink: Urbanisation and Migration in Vanuatu, Kirstie Petrou (2020)
New York and Oxford: Berghahn, 214 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 78920 621 0 (hbk), US$135
The New Port Moresby: Gender Space and Belonging in Urban Papua New Guinea, Ceridwen Spark (2020)
Authors: Quanchi Max 
Published: March 2024

Review of: The New Port Moresby: Gender, Space, and Belonging in Urban Papua New Guinea, Ceridwen Spark (2020)
Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i Press, 174 pp.,
ISBN 978 0 82488 180 1 (hbk), US$80
ISBN 978 0 82488 980 7 (pbk), US$30
Politics in a Pandemic: Jacinda Ardern and New Zealand’s 2020 Election, Stephen Levine (ed.) (2021)
Authors: Wilson John F. 
Published: March 2024

Review of: Politics in a Pandemic: Jacinda Ardern and New Zealand’s 2020 Election, Stephen Levine (ed.) (2021)
Wellington: Victoria University Press
(Te Herenga Waka University Press), 504 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 77656 433 0 (pbk), NZ$50
From Suffrage to a Seat in the House: The Path to Parliament for New Zealand Women, Jenny Coleman (2020)
Authors: Wilson John F. 
Published: March 2024

Review of: From Suffrage to a Seat in the House: The Path to Parliament for New Zealand Women, Jenny Coleman (2020)
Dunedin: Otago University Press, 338 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 98859 226 8 (pbk), NZ$45.00
Financial Inclusion, Per Capita Income and Human Development: Evidence from African Countries
Authors: Mani Paul , Nyamute Winnie , Ondigo Herick 
Published: March 2024

There is a growing consensus that financial inclusion is essential for economic growth and human development. Studies have shown that financial inclusion can lead to increased investment, productivity, and employment. It can also help to reduce poverty and inequality. A country’s prevailing macro-economic factors such as per capita is also thought to accelerate or slow down the effect of financial inclusion on human development. This study assessed the effect of per capita income on the relationship between financial inclusion and human development among African countries. To achieve the research objectives, the study employed a panel longitudinal research design that involved collecting secondary data for the period between 2011 and 2020 on an annual basis for each of the 54 African countries. Findings indicate that financial inclusion, measured by bank branches, ATMs, deposit accounts, and loan accounts, has a positive and significant effect on human development in African countries. Furthermore, per capita income was found to moderate the relationship between financial inclusion and human development. The study concludes that fostering financial inclusion and enhancing per capita income is crucial for promoting human development in African countries. The study emphasizes the need for policymakers to prioritize inclusive finance and implement targeted interventions to address the specific challenges and opportunities within each context.