bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Channeling and prevalence of cardiovascular contraindications in users of cyclooxygenase 2 selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
Authors: Mosis Georgio , Stijnen Theo , Castellsague Jordi , Dieleman Jeanne P. , van der Lei Johan , Stricker Bruno H. C. , Sturkenboom Miriam C. J. M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo assess use and channeling of cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitors (coxibs) over time and to estimate the percentage of coxib users with cardiovascular contraindications.MethodsThe study population comprised all coxib and nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) users in the Integrated Primary Care Information project between January 2000 and December 2004. The prevalence of risk factors for NSAID‐related upper gastrointestinal ulcer complications, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease at the start of treatment was compared between users of coxibs and users of nonselective NSAIDs.ResultsThe study population included 72,841 nonselective NSAID users and 10,739 coxib users. The prevalence of risk factors for NSAID‐related gastrointestinal complications was higher in coxib users than nonselective NSAID users (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.10–1.26). Similarly, the prevalence of prior cardiovascular disease was higher in coxib users than in nonselective NSAID users (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.28–1.43). Channeling of coxibs to patients with NSAID‐related gastrointestinal risk factors declined after 2001 but increased again in 2004, whereas the channeling of coxibs to patients with cardiovascular disease remained constant. Less than 15% of all coxib users had history of ischemic coronary or cerebrovascular disease. Among coxib users with increased risk for NSAID‐related gastrointestinal disorders, 27% had history of ischemic coronary or cerebrovascular disease.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that coxibs were preferentially prescribed to patients with risk factors for NSAID‐related gastrointestinal disorders and/or cardiovascular diseases. Only one‐quarter of coxib users with increased risk for NSAID‐related gastrointestinal complications had cardiovascular conditions compatible with recent European safety contraindications for coxibs.
Infliximab improves productivity and reduces workday loss in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Results from a randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: van der Heijde Désirée , Han Chenglong , DeVlam Kirt , Burmester Gerd , van den Bosch Filip , Williamson Paul , Bala Mohan , Han John , Braun Jürgen 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether clinical benefits observed after treatment with infliximab were accompanied by improvement in productivity and reduction in time lost from work in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter trial of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).MethodsAdults with active AS receiving standard antiinflammatory treatment were randomly assigned in a 3:8 ratio to receive infusions of placebo or 5 mg/kg infliximab at weeks 0, 2, 6, and every 6 weeks thereafter through week 24. Physical function was measured using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index. The impact of disease on productivity was measured using a visual analog scale (range 0–10). Self‐reported employment status and time lost at work before and during the trial were collected. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to examine factors associated with productivity.ResultsPatients treated with infliximab had a more significant reduction in limitations of work and daily activity due to physical or emotional problems than patients treated with placebo. Of the subset of patients employed full time, patients in the infliximab group had a significantly greater improvement in productivity as early as week 6 compared with the placebo group. The median change from baseline in the productivity score at week 24 was 0.7 (median percent change 11%) in the placebo group compared with 2.1 (62%) in the infliximab group (P< 0.05). Daily productivity was significantly correlated with physical function and disease activity at baseline and week 24.ConclusionThe daily productivity of patients with active AS was significantly associated with functional impairment and disease activity. Infliximab treatment significantly improved productivity and reduced workday loss among employed patients with AS.
Perceived exercise barriers, enablers, and benefits among exercising and nonexercising adults with arthritis: Results from a qualitative study
Authors: Wilcox Sara , Der Ananian Cheryl , Abbott Jill , Vrazel JoEllen , Ramsey Cornelia , Sharpe Patricia A. , Brady Teresa 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveRates of participation in regular exercise are lower among individuals with arthritis than those without arthritis. This study examined perceived exercise barriers, benefits, and enablers in exercising and nonexercising adults with arthritis.MethodsTwelve focus groups were conducted with 68 adults with arthritis. Groups were segmented by exercise status, socioeconomic status, and race. Focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and coded. NVivo software was used to extract themes for exercisers and nonexercisers.ResultsA wide range of physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors were perceived to influence exercise. Some of these factors were similar to those in general adult samples, whereas others were unique to individuals with chronic disease. Symptoms of arthritis were barriers to exercise, yet improvements in these outcomes were also seen as potential benefits of and motivations for exercise. Exercisers had experienced these benefits and were more likely to have adapted their exercise to accommodate the disease, whereas nonexercisers desired these benefits and were more likely to have stopped exercising since developing arthritis. Health care providers' advice to exercise and the availability of arthritis‐specific programs were identified as needs.ConclusionThis study has implications for how to market exercise to individuals with arthritis and how communities and health care professionals can facilitate the uptake of exercise. These implications are discussed.
Scleroderma lung: Initial forced vital capacity as predictor of pulmonary function decline
Authors: Plastiras Sotiris C. , Karadimitrakis Stylianos P. , Ziakas Panayiotis D. , Vlachoyiannopoulos Panayiotis G. , Moutsopoulos Haralampos M. , Tzelepis George E. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the ability of initial forced vital capacity (FVC) of patients with scleroderma to predict subsequent pulmonary function deterioration.MethodsData on 78 patients with scleroderma were retrospectively collected and analyzed. FVC (percent predicted), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (percent predicted), and various clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Pulmonary function decline (outcome) was defined as at least a 15‐point sustained decrease in FVC (percent predicted). Kaplan‐Meier analyses were performed separately for 60 patients initially assessed within the first 3 years from disease onset (group A) and 16 patients whose FVC values in the fourth or fifth year from disease onset were ascribed as baseline measurements (group B).ResultsBased on baseline FVC, patients in each group were categorized into those with normal FVC (≥80% predicted) and those with decreased FVC (<80% predicted). In group A, the percent‐predicted FVC of 89% of patients with normal initial FVC and of 75% of patients with reduced baseline FVC did not decrease by ≥15 points at 5 years (log rank P = 0.04). Four patients with decreased baseline FVC developed respiratory failure (FVC <50% predicted) versus none with normal initial FVC. Analysis of group B showed no difference between patients with normal baseline FVC and those with decreased FVC in the ability to further predict pulmonary function decline (log rank P = 0.13). Clinical and laboratory parameters (age, male sex, baseline diffusion capacity, anti–topoisomerase I, or duration of Raynaud's phenomenon preceding skin manifestations) were not associated with pulmonary function decline.ConclusionMeasured within the first 3 years from disease onset, baseline FVC (percent predicted) may predict deterioration of pulmonary function in patients with scleroderma. Patients with normal pulmonary function at initial assessment are at low risk to develop considerable impairment of pulmonary function.
Depression, fatigue, and pain in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Relationship to the American College of Rheumatology SLE neuropsychological battery
Authors: Kozora Elizabeth , Ellison Misoo C. , West Sterling 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the frequency and reliability of depression, fatigue, and pain self‐report measures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy controls, and to examine the relationship between a cognitive impairment index (CII) derived from the American College of Rheumatology neuropsychology research battery of tests for SLE (ACR‐SLE battery) and measures of depression, pain, fatigue, and perceived cognitive dysfunction.MethodsThirty‐one patients with SLE with a history of overt neuropsychiatric symptoms (neuropsychiatric SLE [NPSLE]), 22 patients with SLE without overt neuropsychiatric symptoms (non‐NPSLE), and 25 healthy controls completed the following measures at baseline and 1‐month followup: ACR‐SLE battery, perceived cognitive difficulties, depression, fatigue, and pain.ResultsPatients with SLE (both NPSLE and non‐NPSLE) showed higher symptoms of depression, higher levels of fatigue, greater pain, and more perceived cognitive problems. All measures except the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES‐D) demonstrated adequate reliability across the SLE groups at retest. Only patients with NPSLE had significant correlations between CII and depression, fatigue, and pain. Neither the non‐NPSLE patients nor the controls had significant relationships with the CII and these behavioral measures.ConclusionPatients with SLE report higher levels of cognitive difficulties, depression, pain, and fatigue compared with controls. Reliability for all measures, except the CES‐D, was established in the SLE group. Overall, results suggest that cognitive dysfunction, pain, fatigue, and depression in patients with NPSLE may represent global changes in the central nervous system that require ongoing evaluation and treatment.
Comparison between children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and their parents concerning perceived treatment adherence
Authors: April Karine Toupin , Feldman Debbie Ehrmann , Platt Robert W. , Duffy Ciarán M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjectiveAdherence to treatment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may be associated with better outcomes. Clinicians must be aware of possible divergence between parents and children regarding adherence, in order to gain a better understanding of adherence and factors associated with it. The objective was to determine the level of agreement between children with JIA and their parents concerning perception of the child's adherence to the treatment regimen (for both medications and exercises).MethodsFifty patients and their parents, who attended the JIA clinic at the Montreal Children's Hospital, completed the Child Adherence Report Questionnaire and the Parent Adherence Report Questionnaire. Paired t‐tests were used to compare parents' and children's scores for adherence questions and agreements were analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsParents reported that their children showed more negative reactions to taking medication and doing exercises, more helpfulness from the medication, and more difficulty to carry out the exercise program than their children reported. ICCs (95% confidence interval) for medications and exercises were, respectively, 0.32 (0.04, 0.56) and 0.77 (0.61, 0.87) for overall adherence, 0.33 (0.05, 0.57) and 0.39 (0.09, 0.62) for perceived difficulty to following treatment, and 0.37 (0.09, 0.60) and 0.45 (0.17, 0.67) for how often children had negative reactions following treatment. Levels of agreement for perceived helpfulness of treatments were quite low.ConclusionAgreement between parents and children concerning adherence was at best moderate, and generally better for the exercise program than for prescribed medications.
Protein analysis with terbium (III) and sodium dodecyl sulphonate by a second‐order scattering technique
Authors: Li Aiyun , Zhao Huichun , Jin Linpei 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThis is the first report of terbium(III) as a probe of second‐order scattering (SOS) for the determination of proteins in human serum at nanogram levels. A sensitive method has been developed using light scattering, based on the fact that the weak SOS of proteins can be enhanced in the presence of terbium(III) and sodium dodecyl sulphonate (SDS). With this method, 7.0 × 10−9–1.0 × 10−5 g/mL human serum albumin (HSA) and 5.0 × 10−9–5.0 × 10−6 g/mL γ‐globulin can be determined; the detection limits were 4.4 ng/mL for HSA and 3.1 ng/mL for γ‐globulin. The method has been applied to the detection of total proteins in human serum samples, and the results are consistent with those obtained by the Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) G‐250 assay. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of luminol in neutral and alkaline aqueous solutions on a silver nanoparticle self‐assembled gold electrode
Authors: Wang Cheng‐Ming , Cui Hua 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviour of luminol on a silver nanoparticle self‐assembled gold electrode in neutral and alkaline solutions was investigated using conventional cyclic voltammetry (CV). The silver nanoparticle self‐assembled gold electrode exhibited excellent ECL properties for the luminol ECL system. In neutral solutions, four ECL peaks (ECL‐1–ECL‐4) were observed at 0.73, 1.15, ‐0.46 and ‐1.35 V (vs. SCE), respectively. The intensities of these peaks were enhanced significantly compared with those on a bulk gold electrode and a gold nanoparticle self‐assembled gold electrode. It was found that ECL‐1 and ECL‐2 on a silver nanoparticle‐modified electrode were about 1000 and 1770 times stronger than those on a bare Au electrode and were about 17 and 15 times stronger than those on a gold nanoparticle‐modified electrode, respectively. In alkaline solutions, four ECL peaks were also observed that were much stronger than those in neutral solutions, and ECL‐1 and ECL‐2 were enhanced by about three orders and one order of magnitude compared with those on a bare Au electrode and on a gold nanoparticle self‐assembled electrode, respectively. Moreover, the silver nanoparticle‐modified electrode exhibited good stability and reproducibility for luminol ECL. These peaks were found to depend on a number of factors, including silver nanoparticles on the surface of the modified electrode, potential scan direction, scan rate, scan range, the presence of O2 or N2, pH values, the concentrations of NaBr and luminol, and buffer solutions. The emitter of the ECL was confirmed as 3‐aminophthalate by analysing the CL spectra. The surface state of the silver nanoparticle self‐assembled electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the interface property of the electrode was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A mechanism for the formation of these ECL peaks is proposed. The results demonstrate that luminol has excellent ECL properties, such as strong ECL intensity and good reproducibility on a silver nanoparticle‐modified gold electrode, in both neutral and alkaline solutions, which is of great potential in analytical applications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A concept for the standardized detection of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow from patients with primary breast cancer and its clinical implementation
Authors: Fehm Tanja , Braun Stephan , Muller Volkmar , Janni Wolfgang , Gebauer Gerhard , Marth Christian , Schindlbeck Christian , Wallwiener Diethelm , Borgen Elin , Naume Bjorn , Pantel Klaus , Solomayer Erich 
Published: July 2006

AbstractNumerous single‐institutional studies and a large pooled analysis have demonstrated that the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) from patients with primary, nonmetastatic breast cancer (Stages I‐III) is associated with impaired prognosis. To date, sampling of BM and assessment of DTCs is not considered a routine procedure in the clinical management of breast cancer patients; however, emerging data suggest a future role for risk stratification and monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. Because these clinical options need to be evaluated in trials to verify the principle of this concept in the clinical setting, agreement on the standardized detection of DTCs is necessary. Consequently, the German, Austrian, and Swiss Societies for Senology recently formed a panel 1) to review and discuss the existing methodologies, 2) to find a consensus for a standardized detection of DTCs, and 3) to explore the options for its clinical implementation. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
The addition of induction chemotherapy to preoperative, concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves tumor response in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Malaisrie S. Chris , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Correa Arlene M. , Ajani Jaffer A. , Komaki Ritsuko R. , Rice David C. , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Walsh Garrett L. , Roth Jack A. , Wu Tsung T. , Swisher Stephen G. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Tumor viability assessed by pathologic analysis of resected specimens in patients with preoperatively treated esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a prognostic indicator. The feasibility of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and surgery for patients with locoregionally advanced EAC has been demonstrated. In this study, the authors evaluated the efficacy of CCRT compared with traditional concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).METHODS.The authors retrospectively reviewed 247 consecutive patients with EAC who presented for planned surgery after treatment with either CCRT or CRT from January 1997 through August 2003. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and tumor characteristics were analyzed. Pathologic tumor response, overall survival, and disease‐free survival were assessed according to treatment.RESULTS.One hundred seventeen patients received CCRT, and 130 patients received CRT before planned surgical resection. CCRT resulted in a 64% tumor response rate compared with a 51% tumor response rate in the CRT group (odds ratio, 1.73; P = .035). In the CCRT group, the median overall survival was 55 months, and the 3‐year overall survival rate was 59%; in the CRT group, the median overall survival was 25 months, and the 3‐year overall survival rate was 41% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.69; P = .041). In the CCRT group, the median disease‐free survival was 43 months, and the 3‐year disease‐free survival rate was 54%; in the CRT group, the median disease‐free survival was 18 months, and the 3‐year disease‐free survival rate was 36% (HR, 0.72; P = .047). Subset analysis of patients with clinical Stage III/IVA disease showed a median overall survival of 51 months with a 3‐year overall survival rate of 58% in the CCRT group and a median overall survival of 20 months with a 3‐year overall survival rate of 28% in the CRT group (HR, 0.57; P = .019).CONCLUSIONS.In patients with EAC, CCRT improved tumor response significantly compared with traditional CRT alone. Overall survival and disease‐free survival were increased in patients who received CCRT, especially in the subset of patients who had more advanced disease. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Cellular composition and cytoarchitecture of the rabbit subventricular zone and its extensions in the forebrain
Authors: Ponti Giovanna , Aimar Patrizia , Bonfanti Luca 
Published: July 2006

AbstractPersistent neurogenic sites, harboring neurogenic progenitor cells, which give rise to neuronal precursors throughout life, occur in different mammals, including humans. The telencephalic subventricular zone (SVZ) is the most active adult neurogenic site. Despite remarkable knowledge of its anatomical and cellular composition in rodents, detailed arrangement of SVZ in other mammals is poorly understood, yet comparative studies suggest that differences might exist. Here, by analyzing the cellular composition/arrangement in the SVZ of postnatal, young, and adult rabbits, we found a remarkably heterogeneous distribution of its chain and glia compartments. Starting from postnatal stages, this heterogeneity leads to a distinction between a ventricular SVZ and an abventricular SVZ, whereby the former contains small chains and isolated neuroblasts and the latter is characterized by large chains and a loose astrocytic meshwork. In addition to analysis of the SVZ proper, attention has been focused on its extensions, called parenchymal chains. Anterior parenchymal chains are compact chains surrounded by axon bundles and frequently establish direct contact with blood vessels. Posterior parenchymal chains are less compact, being squeezed between gray and white matter. In the shift from neonatal to adult rabbit SVZ, chains occur very early, both in the SVZ and within the brain parenchyma. Comparison of these results with the pattern in rodents reveals different types of chains, displaying a variety of relationships with glia or other substrates in vivo, an issue that might be important in understanding differences in the adaptation of persistent germinative layers to different mammalian brain anatomies. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:491–507, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fate of endogenous stem/progenitor cells following spinal cord injury
Authors: Horky Laura L. , Galimi Francesco , Gage Fred H. , Horner Philip J. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractThe adult mammalian spinal cord contains neural stem and/or progenitor cells that slowly multiply throughout life and differentiate exclusively into glia. The contribution of adult progenitors to repair has been highlighted in recent studies, demonstrating extensive cell proliferation and gliogenesis following central nervous system (CNS) trauma. The present experiments aimed to determine the relative roles of endogenously dividing progenitor cells versus quiescent progenitor cells in posttraumatic gliogenesis. Using the mitotic indicator bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and a retroviral vector, we found that, in the adult female Fisher 344 rat, endogenously dividing neural progenitors are acutely vulnerable in response to T8 dorsal hemisection spinal cord injury. We then studied the population of cells that divide postinjury in the injury epicenter by delivering BrdU or retrovirus at 24 hours after spinal cord injury. Animals were euthanized at five timepoints postinjury, ranging from 6 hours to 9 weeks after BrdU delivery. At all timepoints, we observed extensive proliferation of ependymal and periependymal cells that immunohistochemically resembled stem/progenitor cells. BrdU+ incorporation was noted to be prominent in NG2‐immunoreactive progenitors that matured into oligodendrocytes, and in a transient population of microglia. Using a green fluorescence protein (GFP) hematopoietic chimeric mouse, we determined that 90% of the dividing cells in this early proliferation event originate from the spinal cord, whereas only 10% originate from the bone marrow. Our results suggest that dividing, NG2‐expressing progenitor cells are vulnerable to injury, but a separate, immature population of neural stem and/or progenitor cells is activated by injury and rapidly divides to replace this vulnerable population. J. Comp. Neurol. 498:525–538, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.