bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoption of Woodland Management Practices by Private Forest Owners in Virginia
Authors: Rasamoelina Maminiaina S. , Johnson James E. , Hull R. Bruce 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sustainable management of private forests is a key issue to ensure sound rural economics and a flow of ecosystem benefits. Logistic regression models for the adoption of woodland management practices by Virginia private forest owners were developed, and they correctly classified between 66 and 89% of the cases. Separate models were developed for specific practices that improve forest health and productivity or protection and general practices associated with any type of rural landownership, such as surveying property boundary lines. For specific practices, adoption was most influenced by the use of technical assistance, followed by use of a written management plan, economic motivations, and attendance at educational programs. Probabilities of adoption ranged from 3% for forest owners who did not have any technical assistance nor used a management plan and had low economic motivations to 70% for owners who had technical assistance, used a management plan, and had high economic motivation. The general management practices were adopted at a higher rate (from 51 to 99%) and were predicted by landowners’ use of financial assistance, recreational motivations, and economic motivations.
Property Value Impacts of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid in Residential Forests
Authors: Holmes Thomas P. , Murphy Elizabeth A. , Bell Kathleen P. , Royle Denise D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study estimates the economic losses attributable to a nonindigenous forest insect, the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsuga), using cross-sectional and difference-in-difference hedonic price models. The data span a decade of residential property value transactions in West Milford, New Jersey. Hemlock health in naturally regenerated hemlock stands was measured biannually over this period using remote sensing data and the image differencing technique. These data were linked with spatially referenced land use and land cover data, measured twice during the decade, and the locations and housing characteristics associated with parcels sold. Spatial dependence in the regression models was addressed using spatial error and fixed-effects panel data models. The empirical results demonstrated that hemlock decline consistently caused statistically significant reductions in property values both for parcels containing hemlock resources as well as for neighboring nonhemlock parcels. We conclude that failure to account for spatial spillover effects would downwardly bias estimates of economic losses and total economic losses on properties sold during the study period ranged from $0.64 million in the parcel level cross-section model to $2.2 million in the 0.5-km neighborhood difference-in-difference model.
Private Net Benefits from Afforesting Marginal Cropland and Shrubland with Cork Oaks in Spain
Authors: Ovando Paola , Campos Pablo , Oviedo José L. , Montero Gregorio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We estimate the private net benefits from afforesting marginal shrubland and cropland with cork oaks at two Spanish cork oak sites, Aljibe and Gavarres, in different time horizon frames. The analysis integrates market and nonmarket (landowner amenity) private capital incomes, including government afforestation grants. We apply cost-benefit analysis techniques for estimating the investment present value in the periods analyzed, taking residual values of cork oak woodland into account. The results show that the profitability rate of cork oak afforestation strongly depends on government subsidies. The value of private amenities, at least in Aljibe, seems to be positively affected by the forest area's share of the total estate surface. Thus, an increase in the afforested area would enhance the private amenity annual income with respect to maintaining the original property land's treeless uses. A higher level of private amenities attached to the forest area may imply a reduction in government grants for encouraging cork oak afforestation.
Simulating Fire and Forest Dynamics for a Landscape Fuel Treatment Project in the Sierra Nevada
Authors: Collins Brandon M. , Stephens Scott L. , Roller Gary B. , Battles John J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We evaluated an actual landscape fuel treatment project that was designed by local US Forest Service managers in the northern Sierra Nevada. We modeled the effects of this project on reducing landscape-level fire behavior at multiple time steps, up to nearly 30 years beyond treatment implementation. In addition, we modeled planned treatments under multiple diameter-limited thinning scenarios to assess potential impacts on fuel treatment effectiveness. The planned fuel treatments reduced modeled conditional burn probabilities substantially across the landscape relative to those for a scenario with no simulated treatments. This reduction relative to that for the no treatment landscape was evident approximately 20 years after simulated treatment implementation. Although diameter-limited thinning scenarios resulted in different residual forest stand structures, we detected no real differences in modeled landscape-level burn probabilities. The modeling adaptations we made with respect to fuel model selection and simulated ingrowth/regeneration over simulated time, as well as incorporation of variable winds in fire simulations, collectively contribute to a robust analysis of the study area.
Hunter Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Hunting Leases
Authors: Munn Ian , Hussain Anwar , Hudson Darren , West Ben C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Previous analyses of hunting leases need to be refined by addressing the decision to lease, incremental willingness to pay (WTP) for those already leasing, and number of leases purchased. Requisite data for this study were generated on the basis of a survey of Mississippi resident and nonresident hunters. Results suggested that a hunter decision to purchase a lease was influenced by hunting avidity, availability of alternative hunting access options, perceived hunter crowding on public lands relative to private lands, and household income, whereas the number of leases purchased was influenced by alternative access options and hunter perception of congestion on public lands compared with that on private land. Thus, factors influencing the decision whether or not to purchase a lease and number of leases purchased were not the same. Incremental median WTP ranged from $0.56 to $6.40 per acre, depending on alternative hunting access options, hunter perception of crowding on public lands, availability of game species on leased lands, and duration of the lease agreement. This result suggested that Mississippi landowners who currently allow hunting access may be able to enhance lease-related total gross annual financial returns by $800 to $9,200 if they improved management of their lands or modified their lease agreements consistent with hunters' genuine concerns.
Investigating the Utilization of Potassium Fertilizer in a Pinus patula Schiede Ex Schltdl. & Cham. Plantation
Authors: Crous Jacob W. , Morris Andrew R. , Scholes Mary C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Previous research indicated that the application of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizer to Mexican weeping pine (Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.) on gabbro-derived soils was necessary to correct a second rotation yield decline. To plan efficient fertilization of subsequent rotations, the fate and utilization of the applied K fertilizer was investigated using the rubidium (Rb)/K reverse tracer technique whereby the naturally occurring Rb in the soil was used as an indicator of native soil K. At the age of 15 years, samples from the soil, forest floor, bark, wood and live foliage were collected from a trial in which various amounts of P and K fertilizer were applied at different stages of stand development. No significant quantity of the applied K remained in the soil at the end of the 15-year rotation, but sufficient plant-available P remained on plots where 80 kg ha−1 P and K was applied. Significantly greater quantities of P per ha were found in the forest floor, wood, and foliage on the plots that received 40 or 80 kg ha−1 P and K compared with the control. The application of 80 kg ha−1 P and K increased the P content of the wood and foliage over that recorded in the 40 kg ha−1 P and K treatment. The application of 80 kg ha−1 P and K increased the K content of the forest floor and foliage compared with that of the control. Across all PK quantities, fertilizer K contributed 28, 17, and 8% to the quantity of K in the wood, bark, and foliage, respectively. The export of up to 52 kg K ha−1 from the site in wood and bark will necessitate the reapplication of at least 104 kg K ha−1 to the subsequent rotation to produce timber sustainably on the gabbro-derived soils at Usutu.
Kernel Regression of Directional Data with Application to Wind and Wildfire Data in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: Xu Haiyong , Nichols Kevin , Schoenberg Frederic P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article describes a method of kernel regression that can be used to investigate the relationship between a directional explanatory variable and a real-valued response variable. Cross-validation and bootstrap methods for obtaining sensible bandwidths and standard error estimates are also described. The proposed method is applied to wildfire and meteorological data from Los Angeles County, California, with the goal of summarizing and quantifying the impact of wind direction on the total area burned in wildfires ignited on a particular day. The results confirm that winds blowing from the northeast and east are associated with the ignition of wildfires of significantly larger burn areas than winds from other directions; the mean burn area of wildfires ignited on days with winds from the northeast is approximately 4.7 times that associated with the winds from the southwest. A major reason for this increase in burn area is confounding of wind direction with meteorological variables such as temperature, wind speed, and humidity, but even when generalized additive modeling is used to control for these meteorological variables, winds from the northeast are still associated with the ignition of fires of substantially larger burn areas.
Potential Influence of Forest Management on Regional Carbon Stocks: An Assessment of Alternative Scenarios in the Northern Lake States, USA
Authors: Bradford John B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Forest management affects stand age. In consideration of the strong link between stand age and carbon cycling, altering harvesting regimes can influence regional carbon stocks and sequestration. Recent research has quantified ecosystem carbon stocks across stand age in upland conifer and aspen–birch forests of the northern Lake States. This study applied those relationships to assess how forest management could influence carbon stocks in these two forest types. US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data were used to estimate current regional age structure and management intensity and state Gap Analysis Program data were used to assess forest type abundance. Across the region, current carbon stocks in aspen–birch and upland conifer forests are estimated to be 590 and 367 Tg C, respectively. Ceasing timber harvesting over the next century would increase the prevalence of older stands and increase ecosystem carbon stocks by 54% (31% in 50 years) and 30% (19% in 50 years) in aspen–birch and upland conifer forests, respectively. Harvesting aspen–birch stands would change ecosystem carbon stocks by +4% or −13% under annual harvesting of 1 or 2%, respectively. Harvesting upland conifer stands at a rate of 1 or 2% every year would decrease ecosystem carbon by 3 and 18%, respectively. Carbon from harvested material partly compensates for differences in total carbon stocks between no-harvest and harvest scenarios, suggesting a net positive carbon sequestration in all scenarios within 100 years. These results provide insight into the potential maximum impact of forest management on carbon stocks and sequestration in these two forest types.
Application of on-pack pH indicators to monitor freshness of modified atmospheric packaged raw beef
Authors: Bhadury Debarati , Nadeem Humayun , Lin Maoqi , Dyson Jennifer M , Tuck Kellie L , Tanner Joanne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To deveop on-pack visual indicators for the real-time monitoring of raw beef steaks in a modified atmospheric packaging (MAP).

Materials and Methods
Three indicators were prepared by spray deposition of a nanocellulose suspension (1.5%, in mass) with the desired concentration of the pH-sensitive indicators, either red cabbage (RC) extract, black carrot (BC) extract, or chlorophenol red (CPR). The responsiveness of the colorimetric pH indicators, assessed visually and by CIE-Lab quantitative analysis, to the freshness of raw beef steaks stored under MAP conditions at 4 °C or 20 °C, was analysed over 7 d.

Results
All the indicators showed a colour change for beef steak stored at 4 °C for 7 d that was noticeable with the naked eye and had a ΔE value&gt;12. The sensitivity of the RC pH indicator was superior to that of the BC and CPR pH indicators. A study linking total microbial count (aerobic+Escherichia coli+coliform) and the quantitative colorimetric response of the indicators (ΔE) revealed a strong linear correlation.

Conclusions
The developed colorimetric pH indicators could be used to monitor the freshness of raw beef and as an alternative to the best-before date commonly used in pre-packaged meat.
Understanding the barriers to integrating maternal and mental health at primary health care in Vietnam
Authors: Trang Do Thi Hanh , Ha Bui Thi Thu , Vui Le Thi , Chi Nguyen Thai Quynh , Thi Le Minh , Duong Doan Thi Thuy , Hung Dang The , Cronin de Chavez Anna , Manzano Ana , Lakin Kimberly , Kane Sumit , Mirzoev Tolib 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The prevalence of common perinatal mental disorders in Vietnam ranges from 16.9% to 39.9%, and substantial treatment gaps have been identified at all levels. This paper explores constraints to the integration of maternal and mental health services at the primary healthcare level and the implications for the health system’s responsiveness to the needs and expectations of pregnant women with mental health conditions in Vietnam. As part of the RESPONSE project, a three-phase realist evaluation study, we present Phase 1 findings, which employed systematic and scoping literature reviews and qualitative data collection (focus groups and interviews) with key health system actors in Bac Giang province, Vietnam, to understand the barriers to maternal mental healthcare provision, utilization and integration strategies. A four-level framing of the barriers to integrating perinatal mental health services in Vietnam was used in reporting findings, which comprised individual, sociocultural, organizational and structural levels. At the sociocultural and structural levels, these barriers included cultural beliefs about the holistic notion of physical and mental health, stigma towards mental health, biomedical approach to healthcare services, absence of comprehensive mental health policy and a lack of mental health workforce. At the organizational level, there was an absence of clinical guidelines on the integration of mental health in routine antenatal visits, a shortage of staff and poor health facilities. Finally, at the provider level, a lack of knowledge and training on mental health was identified. The integration of mental health into routine antenatal visits at the primary care level has the potential help to reduce stigma towards mental health and improve health system responsiveness by providing services closer to the local level, offering prompt attention, better choice of services and better communication while ensuring privacy and confidentiality of services. This can improve the demand for mental health services and help reduce the delay of care-seeking.
The Saavedra Lamas Peace: How a Norm Complex Evolved and Crystallized to Eliminate War in the Americas
Authors: Schenoni Luis L , Goertz Gary , Owsiak Andrew P , Diehl Paul F 
Published: April 2024

AbstractsAfter the Napoleonic Wars interstate war regularly occurred throughout the Western Hemisphere—until in matter of decades it disappeared. After the 1930s even low-level militarized interstate conflict became less frequent, shorter, and less severe over time. What explains the change in this specific region and historical jucture? We argue that leaders in the Americas identified territorial disputes and foreign intervention as interrelated problems that frequently caused the interstate war. In response, they developed a unique regional norm-complex that bundled together the norms of territorial integrity and non-intervention with the principle of peaceful conflict resolution. This norm complex emerged via Latin American entrepreneurship shortly after independence, cascaded with Pan-Americanism, and crystallized around the signature of the Saavedra Lamas Treaty in the early 1930s. We explain how, why, and when norm complexes develop. We then investigate the evolution and effects of the Latin American norm complex via statistics and within-case counterfactuals. We conclude that interstate war disappeared from the Americas with the acceptance and codification of this norm-complex.
Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis of IV fosfomycin for the treatment of MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections
Authors: Wangchinda Walaiporn , Pogue Jason M , Thamlikitkul Visanu , Leelawattanachai Pannee , Koomanachai Pornpan , Pai Manjunath P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
IV fosfomycin is used against MDR Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) but has dose-limiting side effects, especially in patients with impaired kidney function.

Objectives
To determine the optimal dosage of IV fosfomycin for patients with varying degrees of kidney function.

Methods
Adult patients receiving IV fosfomycin for treatment of GNB were eligible. Five serial blood samples were collected after at least three doses of fosfomycin; plasma was assayed by LC-MS/MS and modelled by population pharmacokinetic analysis. The PTA for AUC24/MIC of 98.9 for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 40.8 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were computed by Monte Carlo simulations. Cumulative fractions of response (CFR) were analysed for each pathogen using EUCAST MIC distributions.

Results
A total of 24 patients were included. Creatinine clearance (CLCR) and gender significantly influenced fosfomycin clearance. The kidney function-adjusted dosing regimens are proposed by using the lowest dose that can achieve ≥90% PTA for AUC24/MIC of 98.9 at an MIC of ≤32 mg/L (EUCAST v.13 susceptibility breakpoint for Enterobacterales). For patients with normal kidney function (CLCR 91–120 mL/min), a dosage of 15 g/day is suggested. This regimen achieved 97.1% CFR against E. coli, whereas CFR was 72.9% for K. pneumoniae and 76.7% for P. aeruginosa.

Conclusions
A fosfomycin dosage of 15 g/day with adjustment according to kidney function provided high PTA and CFR when treating E. coli. This dosage is lower than that used in current practice and may improve tolerability. Higher dosages may be needed for P. aeruginosa; however, safety data are limited.
PresRecST: a novel herbal prescription recommendation algorithm for real-world patients with integration of syndrome differentiation and treatment planning
Authors: Dong Xin , Zhao Chenxi , Song Xinpeng , Zhang Lei , Liu Yu , Wu Jun , Xu Yiran , Xu Ning , Liu Jialing , Yu Haibin , Yang Kuo , Zhou Xuezhong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Herbal prescription recommendation (HPR) is a hot topic and challenging issue in field of clinical decision support of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, almost all previous HPR methods have not adhered to the clinical principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment planning of TCM, which has resulted in suboptimal performance and difficulties in application to real-world clinical scenarios.

Materials and Methods
We emphasize the synergy among diagnosis and treatment procedure in real-world TCM clinical settings to propose the PresRecST model, which effectively combines the key components of symptom collection, syndrome differentiation, treatment method determination, and herb recommendation. This model integrates a self-curated TCM knowledge graph to learn the high-quality representations of TCM biomedical entities and performs 3 stages of clinical predictions to meet the principle of systematic sequential procedure of TCM decision making.

Results
To address the limitations of previous datasets, we constructed the TCM-Lung dataset, which is suitable for the simultaneous training of the syndrome differentiation, treatment method determination, and herb recommendation. Overall experimental results on 2 datasets demonstrate that the proposed PresRecST outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithm by significant improvements (eg, improvements of P@5 by 4.70%, P@10 by 5.37%, P@20 by 3.08% compared with the best baseline).

Discussion
The workflow of PresRecST effectively integrates the embedding vectors of the knowledge graph for progressive recommendation tasks, and it closely aligns with the actual diagnostic and treatment procedures followed by TCM doctors. A series of ablation experiments and case study show the availability and interpretability of PresRecST, indicating the proposed PresRecST can be beneficial for assisting the diagnosis and treatment in real-world TCM clinical settings.

Conclusion
Our technology can be applied in a progressive recommendation scenario, providing recommendations for related items in a progressive manner, which can assist in providing more reliable diagnoses and herbal therapies for TCM clinical task.
Specificities of Management of Perineal Burns
Authors: Boccara David , Chaouat Marc , Serror Kevin , Mimoun Maurice , Vairinho Alexandre 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
There is a paucity of articles addressing the management strategy for perineal burns. Pelvic floor burns present a multitude of problems. These relate to the management of stool, urine, areas of maceration, significant strain, and the risk of infection. The objective of this study was to analyze a consecutive series of perineal burns by studying their characteristics, treatment, and management of urine and feces. This was a retrospective study including 100 patients between January 2018 and December 2022. The patients had all been hospitalized after suffering burns to the perineum. In 28% of the patients, the perineal burn was complicated by infection. In 61% of cases, a cutaneous infection, in 32% of cases, a urinary tract infection, in 25% of cases, a respiratory tract infection, and in 7% of cases, an infection of the digestive tract. Superinfection is associated with an increased risk of poor engraftment. A total of 100% of the patients with poor or average engraftment had an infection in the aftermath of the burn, compared with 20% of the patients with excellent engraftment and 61% of the patients with good engraftment. In our series, the analysis revealed that, in 95% of cases, no specific procedures were implemented for stool management. Perianal involvement was associated with a risk of sub-excellent engraftment. The results were statistically significant, with P = .005 and an OR = 8.72 after multivariate analysis. We favor the least invasive approach to stool management. Indications for a rectal catheter arise in patients with the following characteristics: the patient must be sedated, the burns must be deep and close to the anal opening, and the stools must be watery and abundant. In 95% of cases, we do not install a stool management device. Colostomies should remain exceptional.