bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide risk in patients with a current depressive episode during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zinchuk Mikhail , Kustov Georgii , Beghi Massimiliano , Bryzgalova Yulia , Sviatskaia Ekaterina , Popova Sofya , Voinova Nadezhda , Terentieva Marina , Yakovlev Alexander , Guekht Alla 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on suicidality in these patients during the pandemic period remain scarce. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and variables associated with serious suicide risk in Russian inpatients with MDD during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional cohort study with consecutive sampling was conducted from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. All patients completed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) (including the suicidality module), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and underwent a semi-structured interview to collect relevant demographic and clinical data. Effect sizes for all independent variables and covariates were calculated using partial eta-squared (ηp2).ResultsOf the 6757 patients with non-psychotic mental disorders assessed, 1605 (23.7%) had MDD confirmed by the M.I.N.I., of whom 17.8% were at serious risk for suicide according to the M.I.N.I. suicidality module. Factors independently associated with serious suicide risk in Russian inpatients with MDD during the pandemic were younger age (ηp2 = 0.021), greater severity of depression (0.038), higher state anxiety (0.003), and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) (0.066). The same variables, except for state anxiety, were independently associated with suicide risk in the subgroup of MDD patients previously infected with SARS-CoV2.ConclusionIn the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of patients with MDD at serious risk of suicide was similar to pre-pandemic data. No associations were found between suicidality in patients with MDD and COVID-related factors. Younger age, greater severity of depression, and especially NSSI were the most significant risk factors for suicide in patients with MDD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Predictors of recovery from severe acute malnutrition among 6–59 months children admitted to a hospital
Authors: Andargie Assefa , Zewdie Segenet 
Published: April 2024

Background and aimSevere acute malnutrition is a threat to child survival as mortality rates in children with severe malnutrition are nine times higher. Globally, about 19 million children are severely malnourished. This study looked at children aged 6–59 months admitted to hospital to see how quickly they recovered from severe acute malnutrition as well as what factors predicted their recovery.MethodsThe study included 543 systematically chosen children with severe acute malnutrition who were admitted to the stabilization center of a hospital. Data from the patient registry were gathered using a retrospective follow-up study design. In order to find predictors of recovery, the Cox proportional hazard model was applied.ResultsFrom 543 children, 425 (78.27%) were recovered. The median survival time was 8 days. Having grade II edema, grade III edema, and pneumonia were negatively associated with recovery. Similarly, taking ceftriaxone, cloxacillin, and being on a nasogastric tube were associated with poor recovery. Conversely, better recovery rates were linked to exclusive breastfeeding and vitamin A supplementation.ConclusionBoth the recovery rate and the median survival time fell within acceptable bounds. To boost the recovery rate, efforts are needed to lessen comorbidities.
Understanding the gap between guidelines and influenza vaccination coverage in people with diabetes: a scoping review
Authors: Mastrovito Brice , Lardon Alexia , Dubromel Amelie , Nave Viviane , Beny Karen , Dussart Claude 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundDiabetes affects millions of people worldwide, making them more vulnerable to infections, including seasonal influenza. It is therefore particularly important for those suffering from diabetes to be vaccinated against influenza each year. However, influenza vaccination coverage remains low in this population. This review primarily aims to identify the determinants of influenza vaccination in people with diabetes (T1D or T2D). Secondly, it aims to assess main recommendations for influenza vaccination, vaccine effectiveness, vaccination coverage, and how education and pharmacists can encourage uptake of the vaccine in the diabetic population.MethodsA scoping review was conducted in January 2022 to systematically review evidence on influenza vaccination in people with diabetes using data from PubMed, Science Direct, and EM Premium with terms such as “Diabetes mellitus,” “Immunization Programs,” “Vaccination,” and “Influenza Vaccines.” Quality assessment and data extraction were independently conducted by two authors. Disagreements between the authors were resolved through discussion and consensus, and if necessary, by consulting a third author.ResultsOf the 333 records identified, 55 studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this review. Influenza vaccination was recommended for people ≥6 months. Despite effectiveness evidence showing a reduction in mortality and hospitalizations in people with diabetes vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated ones, very few studies reported a coverage rate ≥ 75%, which is WHO’s target objective. Determinants such as advanced age, presence of comorbidities and healthcare givers’ advice were associated with increased vaccination uptake. On the contrary, fear of adverse reactions and concerns about vaccine effectiveness were significant barriers. Finally, education and pharmacists’ intervention played a key role in promoting vaccination and increasing vaccination uptake.ConclusionInfluenza vaccination coverage in people with diabetes remains low despite recommendations and evidence on vaccine effectiveness. Motivators and barriers as well as several socio-demographic and clinical factors have been identified to explain this trend. Efforts are now needed to increase the number of diabetics vaccinated against influenza, mainly through education and the involvement of healthcare givers.
Dynamic assessment of community resilience in China: empirical surveys from three provinces
Authors: Yan Cunling , Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Ning , Liu Ying , Wang Bingjie , Sun Caihong , Tang Yunli , Qi Yue , Yu Bingyan , Zhang Luhao , Ning Ning 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundStrengthening the construction of community resilience and reducing disaster impacts are on the agenda of the Chinese government. The COVID-19 pandemic could alter the existing community resilience. This study aims to explore the dynamic change trends of community resilience in China and analyze the primary influencing factors of community resilience in the context of COVID-19, as well as construct Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China.MethodsA community advancing resilience toolkit (CART) was used to conduct surveys in Guangdong, Sichuan, and Heilongjiang provinces in China in 2015 and 2022, with community resilience data and information on disaster risk awareness and disaster risk reduction behaviors of residents collected. The qualitative (in-depth interview) data from staffs of government agencies and communities (n = 15) were pooled to explore Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China. Descriptive statistics analysis and t-tests were used to investigate the dynamic development of community resilience in China. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to explore the main influencing factors of residential community resilience with such socio-demographic characteristics as gender and age being controlled.ResultsThe results indicate that community resilience in China has improved significantly, presenting differences with statistical significance (p &lt; 0.05). In 2015, connection and caring achieved the highest score, while disaster management achieved the highest score in 2022, with resources and transformative potential ranking the lowest in their scores in both years. Generally, residents presented a high awareness of disaster risks. However, only a small proportion of residents that were surveyed had participated in any “community-organized epidemic prevention and control voluntary services” (34.9%). Analysis shows that core influencing factors of community resilience include: High sensitivity towards major epidemic-related information, particular attention to various kinds of epidemic prevention and control warning messages, participation in epidemic prevention and control voluntary services, and formulation of epidemic response plans. In this study, we have constructed Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China, which included community resilience risk awareness, community resilience governance bodies, community resilience mechanisms and systems.ConclusionDuring the pandemic, community resilience in China underwent significant changes. However, community capital was, is, and will be a weak link to community resilience. It is suggested that multi-stages assessments of dynamic change trends of community resilience should be further performed to analyze acting points and core influencing factors of community resilience establishment at different stages.
Willingness to pay for National Health Insurance Services and Associated Factors in Africa and Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bayked Ewunetie Mekashaw , Assfaw Abebe Kibret , Toleha Husien Nurahmed , Zewdie Segenet , Biset Gebeyaw , Ibirongbe Demilade Olusola , Kahissay Mesfin Haile 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundUniversal health coverage (UHC) is crucial for public health, poverty eradication, and economic growth. However, 97% of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly Africa and Asia, lack it, relying on out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure. National Health Insurance (NHI) guarantees equity and priorities aligned with medical needs, for which we aimed to determine the pooled willingness to pay (WTP) and its influencing factors from the available literature in Africa and Asia.MethodsDatabase searches were conducted on Scopus, HINARI, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar from March 31 to April 4, 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI’s) tools and the “preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement” were used to evaluate bias and frame the review, respectively. The data were analyzed using Stata 17. To assess heterogeneity, we conducted sensitivity and subgroup analyses, calculated the Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index, and used a random model to determine the effect estimates (proportions and odds ratios) with a p value less than 0.05 and a 95% CI.ResultsNineteen studies were included in the review. The pooled WTP on the continents was 66.0% (95% CI, 54.0–77.0%) before outlier studies were not excluded, but increased to 71.0% (95% CI, 68–75%) after excluding them. The factors influencing the WTP were categorized as socio-demographic factors, income and economic issues, information level and sources, illness and illness expenditure, health service factors, factors related to financing schemes, as well as social capital and solidarity. Age has been found to be consistently and negatively related to the WTP for NHI, while income level was an almost consistent positive predictor of it.ConclusionThe WTP for NHI was moderate, while it was slightly higher in Africa than Asia and was found to be affected by various factors, with age being reported to be consistently and negatively related to it, while an increase in income level was almost a positive determinant of it.
Efficacy and Safety of Vaccines After Conventional Treatments for Survival of Gliomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Amanzadeh Jajin Elnaz , Oraee Yazdani Saeed , Zali Alireza , Esmaeili Abolghasem 
Published: April 2024

Background:Malignant gliomas are known with poor prognosis and low rate of survival among brain tumors. Resection surgery is followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy in treatment of gliomas which is known as the conventional treatment. However, this treatment method results in low survival rate. Vaccination has been suggested as a type of immunotherapy to increase survival rate of glioma patients. Different types of vaccines have been developed that are mainly classified in two groups including peptide vaccines and cell-based vaccines. However, there are still conflicts about which type of vaccines is more efficient for malignant glioma treatment.Methods:Phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ clinical trials which compared the efficacy and safety of various vaccines with conventional treatments were searched in databases through November 2022. Overall survival (OS) rate, progression free survival (PFS), and OS duration were used for calculation of pooled risk ratio (RR). In addition, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, and flu-like syndrome were used for evaluating the safety of vaccines therapy in glioma patients.Results:A total of twelve articles were included in the present meta-analysis. Comparison of OS rate between vaccinated groups and control groups who underwent only conventional treatments showed a significant increase in OS rate in vaccinated patients (I2 = 0%, RR = 11.17, 95% CI: 2.460–50.225). PFS rate was better in vaccinated glioma patients (I2 = 83%, RR = 2.87, 95% CI: 1.63–5.03). Assessment of safety demonstrated that skin reaction (I2 = 0.0%, RR = 3.654; 95% CI: 1.711–7.801, p-value = 0.0058) and flu-like syndrome were significantly more frequent adverse effects win vaccinated groups compared to the control group. Subgroup analysis also showed that vaccination leads to better OS duration in recurrent gliomas than primary gliomas, and in LGG than HGG (p-value = 0). On the other hand, personalized vaccines showed better OS duration than non-personalized vaccines (p-value = 0).Conclusion:Vaccination is a type of immunotherapy which shows promising efficacy in treatment of malignant glioma patients in terms of OS, PFS and duration of survival. In addition, AFTV, peptide, and dendritic cell-based vaccines are among the most efficient vaccines for gliomas. Personalized vaccines also showed considerable efficacy for glioma treatments.
Some Issues of Rational Antibiotic Therapy for Acute Sinusitis
Authors: Маймур А.В. , Сачек М.М. , Пацикалик М.В. 
Published: April 2024

Цель. Оценить знания врачей общей практики по диагностике и антибактериальной терапии острых синуситов. Методы. Проведено анкетирование 200 врачей общей практики. Большинство врачей (88%) работали в городских поселениях. Результаты. Обязательные диагностические мероприятия при оказании медицинской помощи в амбулаторных условиях при остром синусите правильно указали 70,5% респондентов. Каждый третий указал и дополнительное обследование, которое необходимо проводить при наличии определенных показаний, что является избыточным. К первой линии системной антибактериальной терапии в амбулаторных условиях при остром синусите анкетируемые отнесли ингибиторозащищенный аминопенициллин – амоксициллин / клавулановая кислота (69,5%) и амоксициллин (40,0%), а врачи, работающие в сельских поселениях, защищенный амоксициллин выбрали в 83,3% случаев. Каждый десятый считает, что стартовать необходимо с антибиотиков, которые в соответствии с нормативными документами относятся к альтернативным. Заключение. Установлен недостаточный уровень знаний врачей общей практики о диагностике и антибактериальной терапии острого синусита. Требуется совершенствование программ повышения квалификации врачей общей практики с акцентом на рациональное применение антибиотиков, что может стать реальным инструментом в борьбе с антибиотикорезистентностью.
Purpose. To assess the knowledge of general practitioners and local therapists in the diagnosis and antibacterial therapy of acute sinusitis. Research methods. A survey was conducted of 200 general practitioners. Most doctors (88%) worked in urban areas. Results: Mandatory diagnostic measures when providing medical care in an outpatient setting for acute sinusitis were correctly indicated by 70.5% of respondents. Every third person also indicated an additional examination that needs to be carried out if there are certain indications, which is redundant. The first line of systemic antibacterial therapy in an outpatient setting for acute sinusitis was considered to be inhibitor-protected aminopenicillin – amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (69.5%) and amoxicillin (40.0%), and doctors working in rural areas chose protected amoxicillin in 83.3% of cases. Every tenth person believes that it is necessary to start with antibiotics, which, in accordance with regulatory documents, are considered alternative. Conclusion. An insufficient level of knowledge of general practitioners about the diagnosis and antibacterial therapy of acute sinusitis has been established. It is necessary to improve training programs for general practitioners with an emphasis on the rational use of antibiotics, which can serve as a real tool in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Cognitive Impairment without Dementia in Clinical Practice
Authors: Павловская Т.С. , Астапенко А.В. 
Published: April 2024

Во всем мире наблюдается неуклонный рост количества пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями, что является значимой медико-социальной проблемой. Деменция представляет собой конечный этап сосудистых, дегенеративных и других заболеваний головного мозга, сопровождающихся когнитивным дефицитом. В настоящее время деменция является неизлечимым состоянием, поэтому особое внимание следует уделять недементным формам когнитивного снижения, своевременная диагностика которых расширяет потенциальные возможности терапевтического воздействия и в ряде случаев позволяет замедлить или приостановить прогрессирование когнитивного дефицита. В статье приведен обзор современных представлений о терминологии недементных когнитивных нарушений, их клинических особенностях, рассмотрены принципы классификации, подходы к диагностике, а также описаны основные аспекты ведения пациентов с данной патологией. В связи с низкой осведомленностью врачей различного профиля о самых ранних проявлениях когнитивного дефицита особое внимание уделено проблеме субъективных когнитивных нарушений.
There is a steady increase in the number of patients with cognitive impairments all over the world, which is a significant medical and social problem. Dementia is the final stage of vascular, degenerative and other brain diseases accompanied by cognitive deficits. Currently, dementia is an incurable condition, therefore, special attention should be paid to cognitive decline without dementia, the timely diagnosis of which expands the potential for therapeutic effects and, in some cases, allows you to slow down or suspend the progression of cognitive deficits. The article provides an overview of modern ideas about the terminology of cognitive impairment without dementia, their clinical features, discusses the principles of classification, approaches to diagnosis, and describes the main aspects of managing patients with this pathology. Due to the low awareness of doctors of various profiles about the earliest manifestations of cognitive deficits, special attention is paid to the problem of subjective cognitive decline.
Clinical and Pharmacological Characteristics of the Drug Modafinil
Authors: Кевра М.К. , Гавриленко Л.Н. , Попов А.С. 
Published: April 2024

В Республике Беларусь зарегистрирована субстанция лекарственного вещества модафинил. До настоящего времени это первая субстанция данного вещества, произведенного на территории государств постсоветского пространства. Представлены результаты анализа литературных источников, и дана клинико-фармакологическая характеристика лекарственного вещества модафинил. Отражены данные клинических исследований использования модафинила, его эффектов, показаний, противопоказаний, а также результаты исследований воздействия модафинила на когнитивные функции, психическую работоспособность и способность повышать концентрацию внимания.
The substance of the medicinal substance modafinil is registered in the Republic of Belarus. To date, this is the first substance of this substance produced on the territory of the post-Soviet states. The results of the analysis of literary sources are presented and the clinical and pharmacological characteristics of the medicinal substance modafinil are given. The data of clinical studies of the use of modafinil, its effects, indications, contraindications, as well as the results of studies of the effects of modafinil on cognitive functions, mental performance and the ability to increase concentration are reflected.
Hallazgos morfoanatómicos de tridactília en espécimen humanoide de Nasca-Perú
Authors: Hernández-Huaripaucar Hernández-Huaripaucar Edgar , Becerra-Canales Bladimir , Ybaseta-Medina Jorge 
Published: April 2024

En la actualidad este hallazgo de trascendencia global, ha despertado el interés de científicos y académicos de diversos países del mundo, donde ya se han realizado estudios preliminares (2,5). El cuerpo encontrado, por sus rasgos anatómicos y estructurales a nivel de la pelvis correspondería a un espécimen femenino, denominada la momia “María” y fue codificada como M001. Tiene una morfología general y un biotipo similar al humano y muestra entre otras características, rasgos morfológicos y anatómicos peculiares como la tridactília (presencia de tres dedos) en ambas manos y pies, los cuales al análisis radiológico y tomográfico evidencian una congruencia estructural, morfológica y anatómica, sin huellas de haber sido manipulados intencionalmente.
Al examen macroscópico y con magnificación en ambas manos se observa una morfología natural y rasgos cutáneos y topográficos uniformes, así como una transición uniforme y armonía volumétrica entre el ancho de la región del carpo y el ancho del metacarpo y de este con el ancho de los tres dedos de la mano. En el pie se evidencia similares características morfológicas, es decir una transición uniforme y armonía volumétrica entre el ancho de la región del tarso y el ancho del metatarso y de este con el ancho de los tres dedos del pie.