bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting collage elicitation research online: what happens when we remove the scissors and glue?
Authors: McMillan-Chabot Jo 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThis autoethnographic article presents the adaptation of collage—an arts-based method traditionally used in face-to-face settings—into an online research tool. It emphasizes the increased relevance of such a transition in the wake of the digital shift and the Covid-19 pandemic. The work aims to reveal how digital collages can facilitate in-depth participant responses in a time when conventional research settings are inaccessible.Design/methodology/approachThe article incorporates autoethnographic vignettes, which are identified in italics, that offer insights into my personal reflections on the transition and adaptation to an online mode. Firstly, I review how collage can be a valuable tool to include in focus groups and for elicitation during semi-structured interviews. Secondly, I review the challenges I experienced when conducting focus groups online to create the collages. Thirdly, I explore, in more detail, three examples of collages that reflect the diverse ranges that were produced and the insightful discussions that emerged from the participants describing the visual elements of their collages. Finally, the reflective nature of my autoethnographic vignettes provides an insight into the world of the researcher during this turbulent time.FindingsFindings show that collage, whether physical or digital, remains an effective tool for eliciting nuanced understandings from participants. The research contributes to the arts-based research narrative by showcasing how the digital adaptation of collage methods can yield profound insights into participants' perspectives, therefore enriching the data beyond what traditional interviews could unveil.Originality/valueThese observations can provide support for other researchers who are contemplating the adoption of online arts-based research methods. Understanding how traditionally face-to-face arts-based research methods can be adapted for the digitally evolving landscape is important for shaping the future of online research.
Conveying the learning self to others: doctoral candidates conceptualising and communicating the complexion of development
Authors: Holbrook Allyson , Spray Erika , Burke Rachel , Shaw Kylie M. , Carruthers Jayne 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Highly developed and agile learners who can clearly convey and call on their skills are sought in all walks of life. Diverse demand for these capacities has called attention to how the skills and knowledge gained during doctoral study can be conveyed, translated and leveraged in non-academic settings; however, the complex learning reality underneath doctoral development is challenging to convey.

Design/methodology/approach
The data set for this particular analysis was obtained from 245 in-depth telephone interviews with PhD candidates collected prior to COVID-19. Candidates were asked about learning processes, challenges and changes, and both the questions and thematic analysis were guided by theories of doctoral development and transformational learning.

Findings
For many participants, learning and development were not familiar topics, while a small proportion deflected questions about learning altogether. One fifth of participants presented rich and lucid accounts of learning in which cognisance of complexity, metacognitive processes and transformational experiences were embedded and multiple avenues of development were in evidence. They were well-placed to convey the complexion of doctoral development. Candidates more deeply engaged in learning also commented more about changes they noticed in themselves. The most identified avenue of development was in understanding and approach to knowledge.

Originality/value
Candidate communication about learning and development is an under-explored dimension of doctoral experience and skill that is relevant to advancing knowledge about doctoral development and illuminating graduate potential both within and outside academe. This must constitute a key element of the re-vitalisation of the doctorate post-pandemic. The salience of framing transferable skills within a learning development perspective is discussed.
Individual behaviour shapes patterns of bird‐mediated seed dispersal
Authors: Graf Valentin , Müller Thomas , Grüebler Martin U. , Kormann Urs G. , Albrecht Jörg , Hertel Anne G. , Sorensen Marjorie C. , Tschumi Matthias , Neuschulz Eike Lena 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSeed dispersal is a key component in a plant's life cycle, allowing the colonization of new habitat and eventually enabling range shifts. For animal‐dispersed plants, the behaviour of seed‐dispersing animals has direct consequences for the fate of a seed. However, there is little empirical evidence on how individual behaviour of animals affects seed dispersal.Here we investigated the effects of individual behaviour on seed dispersal distance and location by analysing movement data of spotted nutcrackers (Nucifraga caryocatactes) during harvest and scatter‐hoarding of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra) seeds. To assess individual variation in seed dispersal patterns, we compared daytime hourly displacement patterns across individuals. We further identified seed caching locations of individual birds and analysed their potential for pine regeneration.We found that nutcrackers showed one of two distinct behaviours: short‐distance seed dispersal and long‐distance seed dispersal. The caching locations resulting from the two behaviours differed markedly in the regeneration potential of Swiss stone pine: seeds transported over short distances were cached at high elevations with high regeneration potential within the pine's current habitat, while seeds transported over long distances were cached at low elevations with low regeneration potential outside of the pine's habitat. The behaviours were not associated with bird body mass, relative wing length or sex.Our results emphasize that intraspecific individual behaviours of seed‐dispersing animals can have far‐reaching consequences for ecosystem functions. As a major determinant of seed dispersal dynamics, individual behaviour should be taken into account for a better understanding of ecosystem functions under current and future environmental conditions.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Different selection regimes explain morphological evolution in fossorial lizards
Authors: Anelli Vinicius , Bars‐Closel Melissa , Herrel Anthony , Kohlsdorf Tiana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Independent origins of similar phenotypes are ubiquitous to the evolutionary process and evoke strong and recurrent environmental associations. Snakelike lizards evolved multiple times and are often portrayed as limb‐reduced and body‐elongated outcomes from shared selection associated with fossoriality.

However, a refined evaluation including specific head traits and subtle differences in subterranean microhabitats unveils some degree of uniqueness even among lineages traditionally interpreted as phenotypically similar. Here, we address regimes of selection in fossorial lizards accounting for differences in the burrowing substrate and emphasizing head shape in addition to body and limbs.

We assembled an ecomorphological database comprising 213 species from all major lizard clades, and then characterized contemporary morphological diversity and modelled phenotypic evolution to test the hypothesis that fossoriality encompasses at least two distinct selection regimes.

We identified two ecomorphological groups within the fossorial lizards: moist‐soil fossorial and dry‐soil fossorial. Both groups evolved towards distinct adaptive optima concerning head shape and limb size. Despite some degree of uniqueness, these groups also share similar patterns in specific traits. Dry‐soil fossorial lizards present less morphological variation than moist‐soil fossorial, possibly due to the combination of distinct sets of selective pressures with shared ancestry.

Our study provides evidence that an often‐interpreted general adaptive regime (e.g. fossoriality) may in fact comprise enough ecological and functional diversity to elicit several distinct ecomorphological associations despite overall convergence among phenotypic traits.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Species motif participation provides unique information about species risk of extinction
Authors: Cirtwill Alyssa R. , Åkesson Anna , Wootton Kate L. , Eklöf Anna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Loss of species in food webs can set in motion a cascade of additional (secondary) extinctions.

A species' position in a food web (e.g. its trophic level or number of interactions) is known to affect its ability to persist following disturbance.

These simple measures, however, offer only a coarse description of how species fit into their community.

One would therefore expect that more detailed structural measures such as participation in three‐species motifs (meso‐scale structures which provide information on a species' direct and indirect interactions) will also be related to probability of persistence.

Disturbances affecting the basal resources have particularly strong effects on the rest of the food web.

However, how disturbances branch out and affect consumer persistence depends on the structural pattern of species interactions in several steps.

The magnitude, for example, the proportion of basal resources lost, will likely also affect the outcome.

Here, we analyse whether a consumer's risk of secondary extinction after the removal of basal resources depends on the consumer's motif participation and how this relationship varies with the severity of disturbance.

We show that consumer species which participate more frequently in the direct competition motif and less frequently in the omnivory motif generally have higher probability of persistence following disturbance to basal resources.

However, both the strength of the disturbance and the overall network structure (i.e. connectance) affect the strength and direction of relationships between motif participation and persistence.

Motif participation therefore captures important trends in species persistence and provides a rich description of species' structural roles in their communities, but must be considered in the context of network structure as a whole and of the specific disturbance applied.
Selenosugar, selenopolysaccharide, and putative selenoflavonoid in plants
Authors: Qi Ziqi , Duan Alex , Ng Ken 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSelenium (Se) is a naturally occurring essential micronutrient that is required for human health. Selenium supports cellular antioxidant defense and possesses bioeffects such as anti‐inflammation, anti‐cancer, anti‐diabetic, and cardiovascular and liver protective effects arising from Se‐enhanced cellular antioxidant activity. Past studies on Se have focused on elucidating Se speciation in foods, biofortification strategies to produce Se‐enriched foods to address Se deficiency in the population, and the biochemical activities of Se in health. The bioavailability and toxicity of Se are closely correlated to its chemical forms and may exhibit varying effects on body physiology. Selenium exists in inorganic and organic forms, in which inorganic Se such as sodium selenite and sodium selenate is more widely available. However, it is a challenge for safe and effective supplementation considering inorganic Se low bioavailability and high cytotoxicity. Organic Se, by contrast, exhibits higher bioavailability and lower toxicity and has a more diverse composition and structure. Organic Se exists as selenoamino acids and selenoproteins, but recent research has provided evidence that it also exists as selenosugars, selenopolysaccharides, and possibly as selenoflavonoids. Different food categories contain various Se compounds, and their Se profiles vary significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to delineate Se speciation in foods to understand their impact on health. This comprehensive review documents our knowledge of the recent uncovering of the existence of selenosugars and selenopolysaccharides and the putative evidence for selenoflavonoids. The bioavailability and bioactivities of these food‐derived organic Se compounds are highlighted, in addition to their composition, structural features, and structure–activity relationships.
Empirical carbapenems or piperacillin/tazobactam for infections in intensive care: An international retrospective cohort study
Authors: Meier Nick , Munch Marie Warrer , Granholm Anders , Perner Anders , Hertz Frederik Boëtius , Venkatesh Balasubramanian , Hammond Naomi E. , Li Qiang , De Bus Liesbet , De Waele Jan , Kauzonas Evaldas , Sjövall Fredrik , Møller Morten Hylander , Helleberg Marie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundCritically ill patients in intensive care units (ICU) are frequently administered broad‐spectrum antibiotics (e.g., carbapenems or piperacillin/tazobactam) for suspected or confirmed infections. This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the use of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam in two international, prospectively collected datasets.MethodsWe conducted a post hoc analysis of data from the “Adjunctive Glucocorticoid Therapy in Patients with Septic Shock” (ADRENAL) trial (n = 3713) and the “Antimicrobial de‐escalation in the critically ill patient and assessment of clinical cure” (DIANA) study (n = 1488). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving initial antibiotic treatment with carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam. Secondary outcomes included mortality, days alive and out of ICU and ICU length of stay at 28 days.ResultsIn the ADRENAL trial, carbapenems were used in 648 out of 3713 (17%), whereas piperacillin/tazobactam was used in 1804 out of 3713 (49%) participants. In the DIANA study, carbapenems were used in 380 out of 1480 (26%), while piperacillin/tazobactam was used in 433 out of 1488 (29%) participants. Mortality at 28 days was 23% for patients receiving carbapenems and 24% for those receiving piperacillin/tazobactam in ADRENAL and 23% and 19%, respectively, in DIANA. We noted variations in secondary outcomes; in DIANA, patients receiving carbapenems had a median of 13 days alive and out of ICU compared with 18 days among those receiving piperacillin/tazobactam. In ADRENAL, the median hospital length of stay was 27 days for patients receiving carbapenems and 21 days for those receiving piperacillin/tazobactam.ConclusionsIn this post hoc analysis of ICU patients with infections, we found widespread initial use of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam in international ICUs, with the latter being more frequently used. Randomized clinical trials are needed to assess if the observed variations in outcomes may be drug‐related effects or due to confounders.
Implementing a group‐based online mental well‐being program for women living with and beyond breast cancer – A mixed methods study
Authors: Tuckey Natalie , Agteren Joep van , Chur‐Hansen Anna , Ali Kathina , Fassnacht Daniel B. , Beatty Lisa , Bareham Monique , Wardill Hannah , Iasiello Matthew 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThere is a gap in available mental well‐being services in Australia for women diagnosed with breast cancer. This pilot mixed‐methods uncontrolled study aimed to assess the feasibility of an online mental health and well‐being intervention, the Be Well Plan (BWP), which enables participants to create a personalized, flexible well‐being strategy.MethodsWomen diagnosed with stages I‐IV breast cancer were recruited into 4 asynchronous groups to participate in the BWP, a 5‐week facilitator‐led group‐based mental health and well‐being program. Psychological measures used at baseline and post‐intervention included: the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well‐Being Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, Self‐compassion Scale, 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7‐item General Anxiety Disorder scale, and EORC QLQ‐C30. Multivariate analysis of variance and effect sizes were calculated on pre‐ and post‐psychological measures, followed by qualitative content analysis on post‐completion interviews with participants.ResultsNineteen women (mean age 45.7, standard deviation = 7.74) were included in the study. Large effect sizes were reported for mental well‐being, depressive symptoms, and anxiety (partial ω2 = 0.28, 0.21, and 0.20, respectively). Self‐compassion, resilience, and quality of life results were not statistically significant. Qualitative content analysis provided insight into experiences with Program Delivery Experience, Application of the BWP, Mental Health Improvements, Supporter Involvement, Adopted Interventions, and Recruitment. Participants reported benefits in mindfulness, grounding techniques, and physical activities.ConclusionThe BWP has the potential to be an effective intervention to support the mental health and well‐being of breast cancer survivors.Implications for cancer survivorsThis study highlights flexible interventions that accommodate the diverse needs of breast cancer survivors to improve mental well‐being and alleviate psychological distress.
Liquid lines: Exploring the Moselle River between France, Luxembourg and Germany
Authors: Kanesu Rebekka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRivers are hydrological and social entities, which complicates their use as borders but offers new conceptual possibilities for understanding border spaces. Rivers as borders challenge common understandings of seemingly static political borderlines. Moving away from simple cartographic abstractions, river borders are more than lines for territorial separation. Rivers have a material agency; they are constantly in motion and shift shape according to seasonal changes and hydromorphology. In this paper, I show how rivers through their specific characteristics, namely their materiality, movement and directionality, can challenge but also enable attempts to fix territories. Drawing on doctoral fieldwork between 2019 and 2022 along the Moselle River that crosses and builds the borders between France, Luxembourg and Germany, I argue for a dynamic and ample perspective on river borders that conceptualises them as simultaneously bounded and in motion. Using examples of contingent forms of riverine bordering this paper adds a riverine perspective to current understandings of border geographies. Seeing like a river border makes it possible to examine the relationships between territory, society and environment, and to consider material flows as fundamental to the constitution of rivers and borders.
Anti‐manic effect of deep brain stimulation of the ventral tegmental area in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine
Authors: Varela Roger B. , Boschen Suelen L. , Yates Nathanael , Houghton Tristan , Blaha Charles D. , Lee Kendall H. , Bennet Kevin E. , Kouzani Abbas Z. , Berk Michael , Quevedo João , Valvassori Samira S. , Tye Susannah J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of refractory bipolar disorder (BD) is extremely challenging. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds promise as an effective treatment intervention. However, we still understand very little about the mechanisms of DBS and its application on BD.AimThe present study aimed to investigate the behavioural and neurochemical effects of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DBS in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine (m‐amph).MethodsWistar rats were given 14 days of m‐amph injections, and on the last day, animals were submitted to 20 min of VTA DBS in two different patterns: intermittent low‐frequency stimulation (LFS) or continuous high‐frequency stimulation (HFS). Immediately after DBS, manic‐like behaviour and nucleus accumbens (NAc) phasic dopamine (DA) release were evaluated in different groups of animals through open‐field tests and fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry. Levels of NAc dopaminergic markers were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsM‐amph induced hyperlocomotion in the animals and both DBS parameters reversed this alteration. M‐amph increased DA reuptake time post‐sham compared to baseline levels, and both LFS and HFS were able to block this alteration. LFS was also able to reduce phasic DA release when compared to baseline. LFS was able to increase dopamine transporter (DAT) expression in the NAc.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that both VTA LFS and HFS DBS exert anti‐manic effects and modulation of DA dynamics in the NAc. More specifically the increase in DA reuptake driven by increased DAT expression may serve as a potential mechanism by which VTA DBS exerts its anti‐manic effects.
Canadian Crown corporations and social procurement: Trade commitments and institutional bricolage
Authors: Fry Noah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobalization has introduced insecurities to individuals and businesses. Countries are pressed to respond to these insecurities with more inclusive visions of globalization. One policy response is social procurement—public purchasing geared to create social value. Canada is embracing this response but faces barriers of its own making. Through the institutional bricolage of procurement trade rules, Canada has constrained its capacity to use social procurement. This is acutely felt by Crown corporations, which are increasingly under the scope of trade treaties. This article details this phenomenon through textual analysis of Canadian procurement trade rules and state enterprise attempts at social procurement.
Immediate versus early implant placement for single tooth replacement in the aesthetic area: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ickroth Axelle , Seyssens Lorenz , Christiaens Véronique , Pitman Jeremy , Cosyn Jan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo compare immediate implant placement (IIP) with early implant placement (EIP) for single tooth replacement in the aesthetic area in terms of aesthetic, clinical, and patient‐reported outcomes.Materials and MethodsTwo independent reviewers conducted an electronic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases as well as a manual search to identify eligible clinical studies up to February 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) comparing IIP with EIP were included for a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The primary outcome was vertical midfacial soft tissue change. Secondary outcomes were horizontal midfacial soft tissue change, vertical papillary change, pink esthetic score (PES), implant survival, buccal bone thickness, marginal bone level change, patient discomfort, chair time, and patient satisfaction.ResultsOut of 1185 records, 6 RCTs were selected, reporting on 222 patients who received 222 single implants (IIP: 112 implants in 112 patients; EIP: 110 implants in 110 patients) in the anterior maxilla or mandible. Patients had a mean age ranging from 35.6 to 52.6 years and were followed between 8 and 24 months. Two RCTs showed some concerns, and four showed a high risk of bias. Four studies could be included in a meta‐analysis on the primary outcome and three only considered cases with an intact buccal bone wall. Meta‐analysis failed to demonstrate a significant difference in terms of vertical midfacial soft tissue change between IIP and EIP (mean difference: 0.31 mm, 95% CI [−0.23; 0.86], p = .260; I2 = 83%, p < .001). No significant differences were found for PES (standardized mean difference: 0.92, 95% CI [−0.23; 2.07], p = .120; I2 = 89%, p < .001), implant survival (RR: 0.98, 95% CI [0.93, 1.03], p = .480; I2 = 0%, p = .980), and marginal bone level change (mean difference: 0.03 mm, 95% CI [−0.12, 0.17], p = .700; I2 = 0%, p = .470). Insufficient data were available for meta‐analyses of other secondary outcomes.ConclusionIn low‐risk patients with an intact buccal bone wall, there seems to be no difference between IIP and EIP in terms of aesthetic and clinical outcomes. The strength of this conclusion is rated as low since studies showed an unclear or high risk of bias. In addition, state‐of‐the‐art therapy was only delivered in a minority of studies. Future RCTs should also provide data on patient‐reported outcomes since these have been underreported.