bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“If a girl doesn't say ‘no’…”: young men, rape and claims of ‘insufficient knowledge’
Authors: O'Byrne Rachael , Hansen Susan , Rapley Mark 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMost psychological theories of rape tend to stress factors internal to both rapists and their victims in accounting for the phenomenon. Unlike such theories, social psychological and feminist accounts have drawn attention to social and cultural factors as productive of rape, and have criticized psychological accounts on the grounds that they often serve, paradoxically, to cement pre‐existing ‘common‐sense’. In this paper we examine the ways in which young Australian men draw upon widely culturally shared accounts, or interpretative repertoires, of rape to exculpate rapists. In particular, we discuss the reliance placed on a ‘lay’ version of Tannen's 1992 ‘miscommunication model’ of (acquaintance) rape and detail the use of this account—the claim that rape is a consequence of men's ‘not knowing’—as a device to accomplish exculpation. Implications of our methods for capturing young people's understanding of sexual coercion, rape and consent, and for the design of ‘rape prevention’ programmes, are discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hemodynamic and intravascular ultrasound assessment of an ambiguous left main coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Leesar Massoud A. , Mintz Gary S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe assessment of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis by angiography is not reliable, and noninvasive tests are incapable of discriminating ischemia caused by LMCA versus other stenoses. Among patients with LMCA stenosis, both fractional flow reserve and intravascular ultrasound parameters would determine the severity of stenosis and predict the event rates. This review outlines the evidence in support of their routine use for the assessment of an ambiguous LMCA stenosis. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The safety and efficacy of an extravascular, water‐soluble sealant for vascular closure: Initial clinical results for Mynx™
Authors: Scheinert D. , Sievert H. , Turco M.A. , Schmidt A. , Hauptmann K.E. , Mueller R. , Dadourian D. , Krankenberg H. , Grube E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and safety of the Mynx extravascular sealant for femoral artery closure. Background: The Mynx device is an extra‐arterial vascular closure technology utilizing a water‐soluble, porous, polyethylene glycol matrix that immediately seals the arteriotomy by rapidly absorbing subcutaneous fluids and expanding in the tissue tract and then, resorbs within 30 days. Methods: The Mynx study was a prospective, multicenter, single‐arm clinical investigation conducted at five European centers. The safety and effectiveness of the Mynx device was evaluated in patients following diagnostic or interventional endovascular procedures performed through 5 Fr, 6 Fr, or 7 Fr introducer sheaths in the common femoral artery. The primary safety endpoint was the combined rate of major complications within 30 days (±7 days). The primary efficacy endpoints were time to hemostasis and time to ambulation. Results: Patient enrollment included 190 patients with 50% having undergone diagnostic catheterization and 50% interventional procedures with a mean activated clotting time of 221 sec. One (0.5%) major vascular complication (transfusion) occurred in one patient. No device‐precipitated complications associated with serious clinical sequelae were reported. Mean (± standard deviation) times to hemostasis and ambulation were 1.3 ± 2.3 min and 2.6 ± 2.6 hr, respectively. There was no significant difference in median times to hemostasis between diagnostic and interventional patients (0.5 vs. 0.6 min). Conclusions: The initial experience with the extra‐arterial Mynx closure technology supports hemostatic safety and efficacy in patients undergoing diagnostic and interventional catheterization procedures. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chiral resolutions of (9‐anthryl)methoxyacetic acid and (9‐anthryl)hydroxyacetic acid by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Li Bao‐Lin , Zhang Zhen‐Guo , Du Li‐Li , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe resolutions of (9‐anthryl)methoxyacetic acid (9AMAA) and (9‐anthryl)hydroxyacetic acid (9AHAA) were performed by capillary electrophoresis using hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HP‐β‐CD) as a chiral selector. Various factors affecting migration time and resolutions of these compounds were investigated with a run voltage of 20 kV, column temperature 20°C and 20 mM Tris‐H3PO4 buffer (pH 6.5) containing 5 mM HP‐β‐CD for 9AMAA, or 10 mM HP‐β‐CD for 9AHAA, (±)‐9AMAA and (±)‐9AHAA were successfully separated at Rs 3.27 and 1.92, respectively. Chirality, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carbon nanotube‐enhanced thermal destruction of cancer cells in a noninvasive radiofrequency field
Authors: Gannon Christopher J. , Cherukuri Paul , Yakobson Boris I. , Cognet Laurent , Kanzius John S. , Kittrell Carter , Weisman R. Bruce , Pasquali Matteo , Schmidt Howard K. , Smalley Richard E. , Curley Steven A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have remarkable physicochemical properties that may have several medical applications. The authors have discovered a novel property of SWNTs—heat release in a radiofrequency (RF) field—that they hypothesized may be used to produce thermal cytotoxicity in malignant cells.METHODS.Functionalized, water‐soluble SWNTs were exposed to a noninvasive, 13.56‐megahertz RF field, and heating characteristics were measured with infrared thermography. Three human cancer cell lines were incubated with various concentrations of SWNTs and then treated in the RF field. Cytotoxicity was measured by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. Hepatic VX2 tumors in rabbits were injected with SWNTs or with control solutions and were treated in the RF field. Tumors were harvested 48 hours later to assess viability.RESULTS.The RF field induced efficient heating of aqueous suspensions of SWNTs. This phenomenon was used to produce a noninvasive, selective, and SWNT concentration‐dependent thermal destruction in vitro of human cancer cells that contained internalized SWNTs. Direct intratumoral injection of SWNTs in vivo followed by immediate RF field treatment was tolerated well by rabbits bearing hepatic VX2 tumors. At 48 hours, all SWNT‐treated tumors demonstrated complete necrosis, whereas control tumors that were treated with RF without SWNTs remained completely viable. Tumors that were injected with SWNTs but were not treated with RF also were viable.CONCLUSIONS.The current results suggested that SWNTs targeted to cancer cells may allow noninvasive RF field treatments to produce lethal thermal injury to the malignant cells. Now, the authors are developing SWNTs coupled with cancer cell‐targeting agents to enhance SWNT uptake by cancer cells while limiting uptake by normal cells. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
2‐Arylimino‐9‐phenyl‐1,10‐phenanthrolinyl‐iron, ‐cobalt and ‐nickel Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Ethylene Oligomerization Behavior
Authors: Jie Suyun , Zhang Shu , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA series of 2‐imino‐9‐phenyl‐1,10‐phenanthrolines 1–6 has been prepared and investigated as new tridentate N3 ligands in coordination with metal chlorides. Their iron(II) (1a–6a), cobalt(II) (1b–6b), and nickel(II) (1c–6c) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental and spectroscopic analysis in conjunction with single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Some of the iron complexes show good activities in the selective dimerization of ethylene upon treatment with MAO or MMAO, while the cobalt complexes show higher activities than their iron analogues and lead to the formation of C6 and C8 oligomers. The nickel complexes display high catalytic activities toward ethylene oligomerization in the presence of Et2AlCl and an auxiliary ligand (PPh3).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A non‐extractable condensed‐tannins fiber reduces thermal oxidation in oils at frying temperature
Authors: Sánchez‐Muniz Francisco J. , Botega Daniele Zulim , di Lorenzo Laura , Marmesat Susana , Bastida Sara , Pérez‐Olleros Lourdes , Ruiz‐Roso Baltasar 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSeveral compounds presenting antioxidant properties have been tested in frying oils to delay thermal oxidation of the triglycerides containing unsaturated fatty acids. The present study was designed to evaluate, for the first time, the antioxidant and antipolymerizing effects of addition of Exxenterol®, a denatured carob fiber very rich in non‐extractable tannins, on olive oil (OO), sunflower oil (SO) and a homogeneous blend of both oils. Exxenterol was added to the three oils in amounts of 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg oil before heating. After 36 h of heating at 180 °C, there was a large and relevant increase of the polar material and the polymer contents, but tocopherol decreased to non‐detectable levels in all three oils. Polar content, polymer and thermal oxidation formation (p ≤0.004) and tocopherol degradation (p ≤0.022) were significantly and dose‐dependently inhibited by Exxenterol. Both polar material and polymer formation were inhibited (at least by 44%) in OO and SO and at least by 27% in the oil blend when 1000 mg/kg oil of this product was added. Small but detectable amounts of tocopherol were found in the oil blend containing 50 mg Exxenterol/kg. The results clearly show that this non‐extractable tannin‐rich fiber can be successfully employed as an additive to prolong oil shelf life at frying temperature.
Electrocatalytic Reduction of Dioxygen on the Surface of Glassy Carbon Electrodes Modified with Cobalt Porphyrin Complexes
Authors: Ardakani Mohammad Mazloum , Rahimi Parvaneh , Dehghani Hossein , Karami Payam Ebrahimi , Zare Hamid Reza , Karami Somayeh 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe preparation and electrocatalytic behavior of glassy carbon electrodes modified with three different cobalt porphyrin complexes were investigated. The electrocatalytic ability of the modified electrodes for the reduction of dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide and water in air‐saturated aqueous solutions was examined by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. The porphyrin‐adsorbed glassy carbon electrodes possess excellent electrocatalytic abilities for dioxygen reduction with overpotential about 0.5 V lower than that at a plain glassy carbon electrode. The experimental parameters were optimized and the mechanism of the catalytic process was discussed. The possible effects of the electron‐donating properties of groups in the meso‐position of the porphyrin ring were investigated.
Salmonella choleraesuis as an anticancer agent in a syngeneic model of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lee Che‐Hsin , Wu Chao‐Liang , Shiau Ai‐Li 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSome anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria represent novel therapeutic agents that have been recently applied in cancer therapy. Previously, we found that Salmonella choleraesuis in combination with cisplatin could retard tumor growth in the murine subsutaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. In this regard, we investigated the antitumor activity of S. choleraesuis in the ML‐1 orthotopic tumor model. Systemically administered S. choleraesuis accumulated within not only subcutaneous but also orthotopic tumors for at least 30 days, forming tumor‐to‐normal tissue ratios exceeding 1,000–10,000 to 1. The antitumor effects of S. choleraesuis were evaluated in mice bearing subcutaneous and orthotopic ML‐1 tumors. Compared with the control treatment, S. choleraesuis significantly prolonged the animal survival, reduced the tumor size, as well as upregulated interferon (IFN)‐γ and induced IFN‐inducible chemokines CXCL10 (IP‐10) productions. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of the tumors revealed decreased intratumoral microvessel density, increased infiltration of neutrophils, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and induced cell death in tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, these results suggest that tumor‐targeted therapy using S. choleraesuis, which exerts tumoricidal and antiangiogenic activities, represents a potential strategy for the treatment of HCC. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dietary supplementation with carbonate increases expression of ornithine decarboxylase and proliferation in gastric mucosa in a rat model of gastric cancer
Authors: Ehrnström Roy A. , Bjursten Lars Magnus , Ljungberg Otto , Veress Béla , Haglund Monica E. , Lindström Clas G. , Andersson Tommy 
Published: October 2007

AbstractDietary factors play essential roles in gastric carcinogenesis. We recently found that dietary supplementation with NaHCO3significantly increased the development of gastric cancer in a rat gastric stump model. Here, we analysed nontransformed gastric mucosa for expression of the cancer‐related proteins cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and we examined the relationship between expression levels of those proteins and mucosal proliferation. Research has shown that COX‐2 is upregulated in gastric mucosal inflammation and is strongly associated with gastrointestinal cancer. ODC is the key enzyme in polyamine synthesis and a regulator of cell proliferation. We performed gastric resections on 48 Wistar rats to induce spontaneous gastric cancer; half of these animals were given a normal diet, and the other half received a diet supplemented with NaHCO3. Twenty‐four unoperated rats served as a control group. The surgical procedure per se led to a significant rise in mucosal expression of COX‐2 and an associated increase in cell proliferation. However, the COX‐2 level in gastric mucosa was not further affected by dietary supplementation of carbonate. Interestingly, nontransformed gastric mucosa in the operated rats receiving a carbonate‐supplemented diet showed a pronounced increase in ODC expression that was strongly correlated with a further enhanced cell proliferation. These results indicate that carbonate ions, which represent a major constituent of intestinal reflux into the stomach, increase the expression of ODC and thereby enhance cell proliferation in nontransformed mucosa, and consequently elevate the risk of gastric cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Promoter hypermethylation in circulating blood cells identifies prostate cancer progression
Authors: Rouprêt Morgan , Hupertan Vincent , Catto James W.F. , Yates David R. , Rehman Ishtiaq , Proctor Laura M. , Phillips Joshua , Meuth Mark , Cussenot Olivier , Hamdy Freddie C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPromoter hypermethylation of circulating cell DNA has been advocated as a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer, but its prognostic use is currently unclear. To assess this role, we compared hypermethylation of circulating cell DNA from prostate cancer patients with (Group 1, n = 20) and without (Group 2, n = 22) disease progression and age‐matched controls (benign prostatic hyperplasia, Group 3, n = 22). We measured hypermethylation of 10 gene promoters in 2 sequential venous samples, obtained at diagnosis and during disease progression (median time, 15 months later). Matched time samples were obtained in the nonprogressing patients. We found that more hypermethylation was detected in the diagnostic sample from the patients with cancer than in controls for GSTP1, RASSF1a, APC and RARβ (p < 0.0001). Patients undergoing disease progression had a significant increase in methylation levels of these 4 genes when compared to the other patients (p < 0.001). Patients at risk of disease progression have higher detectable concentrations of circulating cell hypermethylation, than those without progression. The extent of this hypermethylation increases during disease progression and can be used to identify the extent and duration of treatment response in prostate cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A cancer‐predisposing “hot spot” mutation of the fumarase gene creates a dominant negative protein
Authors: Lorenzato Annalisa , Olivero Martina , Perro Mario , Brière Jean Jacques , Rustin Pierre , Renzo Maria Flavia Di 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe Fumarase (Fumarate Hydratase, FH) is a tumor suppressor gene whose germline heterozygous mutations predispose to hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC). The FH gene encodes an enzyme of the Krebs cycle, functioning as a homotetramer and catalyzing the hydration of fumarate to malate. Among the numerous FH mutations reported so far, the R190H missense mutation is the most frequent in HLRCC patients. Here we show the functional analyses of the R190H, in comparison to the better characterized E319Q mutation. We first expressed wild‐type and mutated proteins in FH deficient human skin fibroblasts, using lentiviral vectors. The wild‐type transgene was able to restore the FH enzymatic activity in cells, while the R190H‐ and E319Q‐FH were not. More interestingly, when the same transgenes were expressed in normal, FH‐proficient cells, only the R190H‐FH reduced the endogenous FH enzymatic activity. By enforcing the expression of equal amount of wild‐type and R190H‐FH in the same cell, we showed that the mutated FH protein directly inhibited enzymatic activity by nearly abrogating the FH homotetramer formation. These data demonstrate the dominant negative effect of the R190H missense mutation in the FH gene and suggest that the FH tumor‐suppressing activity might be impaired in cells carrying a heterozygous mutation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gene expression profiling to identify markers associated with deregulated hTERT in HPV‐transformed keratinocytes and cervical cancer
Authors: de Wilde Jillian , Wilting Saskia M. , Meijer Chris J.L.M. , van de Wiel Mark A. , Ylstra Bauke , Snijders Peter J.F. , Steenbergen Renske D.M. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractAlthough high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays a major role in the development of cervical cancer, additive oncogenic events are involved as well. One key event involves increased activity of telomerase resulting from a deregulated expression of its catalytic subunit hTERT. Our previous microcell‐mediated chromosome transfer studies revealed that introduction of human chromosome 6 in the HPV16‐immortalized keratinocyte cell line FK16A and in the HPV16‐containing cervical cancer cell line SiHa induced growth arrest, resulting from a repression of hTERT mRNA expression and telomerase activity. Here, this model was used to analyze expression profiles associated with hTERT deregulation in HPV‐transformed cells. Microarray expression analysis of 12 FK16A/chromosome 6 hybrids, 4 of which were negative for endogenous hTERT and 8 of which were positive for endogenous hTERT, resulted in the identification of 164 differentially expressed genes. Differential expression of a selection of 5 genes was verified by real‐time RT‐PCR. Of these 164 genes, 32 were also differentially expressed in other HPV transformed cells with deregulated hTERT. For 2 of these genes, encoding AQP3 and MGP, altered expression in hTERT positive cervical carcinomas was confirmed by real‐time RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Moreover, increased MGP protein expression was significantly more frequent in high‐grade cervical premalignant lesions with elevated hTERT mRNA expression compared to those without. In summary, we identified 32 candidate biomarkers for deregulated hTERT mRNA expression, which may enable the identification of cervical premalignant lesions that are at highest risk to progress to invasive cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
p68 (Ddx5) interacts with Runx2 and regulates osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Jensen Eric D. , Niu Lingling , Caretti Giuseppina , Nicol Samantha M. , Teplyuk Nadiya , Stein Gary S. , Sartorelli Vittorio , van Wijnen Andre J. , Fuller‐Pace Frances V. , Westendorf Jennifer J. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractRunx2 is an essential transcription factor for osteoblast development from mesenchymal progenitors. Runx2 regulates gene expression by interacting with numerous transcription factors and co‐activators to integrate signaling events within the nucleus. In this study we used affinity purification and proteomic techniques to identify novel Runx2 interacting proteins. One of these proteins is the DEAD box RNA helicase, p68 (Ddx5). p68 regulates many aspects of RNA expression, including transcription and splicing. p68 co‐localized with Runx2 in punctate foci within the nucleus. In transcription assays, p68 functioned as a co‐activator of Runx2, but its helicase activity was not essential for co‐activation. In accordance, Runx2 transcriptional activity was muted in p68‐suppressed cells. Surprisingly, osteoblast differentiation of the multipotent progenitor C2C12 cell line was accelerated by p68 suppression and Runx2 suppressed p68 expression in calvarial progenitor cells. Together these data demonstrate that p68 is a novel co‐activator for Runx2, but it inhibits osteogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. Moreover Runx2 has an active role in regulating p68 levels in osteoblast precursors. Thus, crosstalk between Runx2 and p68 controls osteoblast specification and maturation at multiple levels. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1438–1451, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chondroitin sulfate prevents platelet derived growth factor‐mediated phosphorylation of PDGF‐Rβ in normal human fibroblasts severely impairing mitogenic responses
Authors: Fthenou E. , Zafiropoulos A. , Katonis P. , Tsatsakis A. , Karamanos N.K. , Tzanakakis G.N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractPlatelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major polypeptide mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin such as fibroblasts. Chondroitin sulfate chains (CS), which are abundant in the extracellular matrix have been shown to physically interact with PDGF‐BB modulating its biological function. The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of CS on PDGF‐BB induced proliferative responses and receptor activation in human lung fibroblasts. The addition of exogenous free CS chains caused a significant downregulation of the PDGF‐BB mediated mitogenic and chemotactic responses. Similar results were obtained by the increase of endogenous CS biosynthesis after β‐D‐xyloside treatment. Furthermore, removal of the membrane‐bound CS chains by selective enzymatic treatment significantly increased the proliferative capacity of human fibroblasts. Analysis of PDGF‐R phosphorylation in the presence of CS or β‐D‐xyloside, revealed a reduction of PDGF‐Rβ phosphorylation in the tyrosine residue 1021. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that CS either soluble or surface bound downregulates the mitogenic responses of PDGF‐BB in normal human lung fibroblasts through the reduction of PDGF‐Rβ phosphorylation. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1866–1876, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.