bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of acute renal failure on the pharmacokinetics of DA‐7867, a new oxazolidinone, in rats
Authors: Bae Soo K. , Kwon Jong W. , Kim Won B. , Lee Inchul , Lee Myung G. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe pharmacokinetic parameters of DA‐7867 were compared after intravenous and oral administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg to control rats and rats with acute renal failure induced by uranyl nitrate (rats with U‐ARF). After intravenous administration in rats with U‐ARF, the time‐averaged total body clearance (Cl) was significantly faster (2.45 versus 0.932 ml/min/kg) than controls due to significantly faster nonrenal clearance (2.25 versus 0.855 ml/min/kg) in rats with U‐ARF. The faster nonrenal clearance could be due to significantly greater gastrointestinal (including biliary) excretion; the amount of unchanged DA‐7867 recovered from the entire gastrointestinal tract at 24 h was significantly greater (30.3% versus 9.38% of intravenous dose) in rats with U‐ARF. In rats with U‐ARF, the Vss was significantly larger (1420 ml/kg compared with 580 ml/kg), but this was not due to a difference in plasma protein binding; the values were comparable between the two groups of rats. After oral administration to rats with U‐ARF, the total area under the plasma concentration‐time from time zero to time infinity (AUC) of DA‐7867 was significantly smaller than the controls (2560 µg min/ml versus 7440 µg min/ml), and this was not due mainly to a decrease in absorption from the gastrointestinal tract in rats with U‐ARF. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pharmacokinetics of a ginseng saponin metabolite compound K in rats
Authors: Paek In Bok , Moon Ya , Kim John , Ji Hye Young , Kim Soon Ai , Sohn Dong Hwan , Kim Jae Baek , Lee Hye Suk 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe absorption, dose‐linearity and pharmacokinetics of compound K, a major intestinal bacterial metabolite of ginsenosides, were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Using the Caco‐2 cell monolayers, compound K showed moderate permeability with no directional effects, thus suggesting passive diffusion. After intravenous dose (i.v.; 1, 2, and 10 mg/kg), no significant dose‐dependency was found in Cl (17.3–31.3 ml/min/kg), Vss (1677–2744 ml/kg), dose‐normalized AUC (41.8–57.8 µg·min/ml based on 1 mg/kg) and t1/2. The extent of urinary excretion was minimal for both i.v. and oral doses. The extent of compound K recovered from the entire gastrointestinal tract at 24h were 24.4%–26.2% for i.v. doses and 54.3%–81.7% for oral doses. Following oral administration (doses 5–20 mg/kg), dose‐normalized AUC (based on 5 mg/kg) was increased at the 20 mg/kg dose (85.3 µg·min/ml) compared with those at lower doses (4.50–10.5 µg·min/ml). Subsequently, the absolute oral bioavailability (F) was increased from 1.8%–4.3% at the lower doses to 35.0% at the 20 mg/kg dose. The increased F could be related to the saturation of carrier‐mediated hepatic uptake and esterification of compound K with fatty acids in the liver. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stabilisation of Methylene Radicals by Cob(II)alamin in Coenzyme B12 Dependent Mutases
Authors: Buckel Wolfgang , Kratky Christoph , Golding Bernard T. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractCoenzyme B12 initiates radical chemistry in two types of enzymatic reactions, the irreversible eliminases (e.g., diol dehydratases) and the reversible mutases (e.g., methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase). Whereas eliminases that use radical generators other than coenzyme B12 are known, no alternative coenzyme B12 independent mutases have been detected for substrates in which a methyl group is reversibly converted to a methylene radical. We predict that such mutases do not exist. However, coenzyme B12 independent pathways have been detected that circumvent the need for glutamate, β‐lysine or methylmalonyl‐CoA mutases by proceeding via different intermediates. In humans the methylcitrate cycle, which is ostensibly an alternative to the coenzyme B12 dependent methylmalonyl‐CoA pathway for propionate oxidation, is not used because it would interfere with the Krebs cycle and thereby compromise the high‐energy requirement of the nervous system. In the diol dehydratases the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical generated by homolysis of the carbon–cobalt bond of coenzyme B12 moves about 10 Å away from the cobalt atom in cob(II)alamin. The substrate and product radicals are generated at a similar distance from cob(II)alamin, which acts solely as spectator of the catalysis. In glutamate and methylmalonyl‐CoA mutases the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical remains within 3–4 Å of the cobalt atom, with the substrate and product radicals approximately 3 Å further away. It is suggested that cob(II)alamin acts as a conductor by stabilising both the 5′‐deoxyadenosyl radical and the product‐related methylene radicals.
Enantioselective Phenyl Transfer to Aldehydes Using 1,1′‐Bi‐2‐Naphthol‐3,3′‐dicarboxamide as Chiral Auxiliary.
Authors: Ito Katsuji , Tomita Yuki , Katsuki Tsutomu 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Intermolecular Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 +2] Carbocyclization Reactions of 1,6‐Enynes with Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Alkynes.
Authors: Evans P. Andrew , Sawyer James R. , Lai Kwong Wah , Huffman John C. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactions of N‐ and C‐Alkenylanilines. Part 7. Synthesis of Indole Heterocycles from Products of Reaction Between N‐Mesyl‐2‐(1‐alken‐1‐yl)anilines and Halogens.
Authors: Gataullin R. R. , Sotnikov A. M. , Spirikhin L. V. , Abdrakhmanov I. B. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Novel One‐Step Synthesis of 2‐Substituted 6‐Azaindoles from 3‐Amino‐4‐picoline and Carboxylic Esters.
Authors: Song Jinhua J. , Tan Zhulin , Gallou Fabrice , Xu Jinghua , Yee Nathan K. , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Circumdatin H, a New Inhibitor of Mitochondrial NADH Oxidase, from Aspergillus ochraceus
Authors: Lopez‐Gresa M. Pilar , Gonzalez M. Carmen , Primo Jaime , Moya Pilar , Romero Vanessa , Estornell Ernesto 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and in vitro Study of Novel 7‐O‐Acyl Derivatives of Oroxylin A as Antibacterial Agents.
Authors: Suresh Babu K. , Hari Babu T. , Srinivas P. V. , Sastry B. S. , Hara Kishore K. , Murty U. S. N. , Madhusudana Rao J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Soft Functional Polynuclear Coordination Compounds Containing Pyrimidine Bridges
Authors: Navarro Jorge A. R. , Barea Elisa , Galindo Miguel A. , Salas Juan M. , Romero M. Angustias , Quiros Miguel , Masciocchi Norberto , Galli Simona , Sironi Angelo , Lippert Bernhard 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Effects of intracerebroventricular losartan on angiotensin II‐mediated pressor responses andc‐fosexpression in near‐term ovine fetus
Authors: Shi Lijun , Mao Caiping , Thornton Simon N. , Sun Wanping , Wu Jiawei , Yao Jiaming , Xu Zhice 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe renin‐angiotensin system plays an important role in cardiovascular control. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) angiotensin (ANG) II causes a reliable pressor response in the fetus at 90% gestation. To determine the roles of brain AT1and AT2receptors in this response, the effects of the central AT1and AT2receptor antagonists losartan and PD123319 were investigated in chronically prepared near‐term ovine fetuses. Losartan at 0.5 mg/kg (i.c.v.) abolished central ANG II‐induced pressor responses. High‐dose losartan (5 mg/kg, i.c.v.) showed a potentiation of the pressor response to i.c.v. ANG II, accompanied by bradycardia. Associated with the pressor responses,c‐fosexpression in the cardiovascular controlling areas was significantly different between the low and high doses of losartan. These areas included the subfornical organ, median preoptic nucleus, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, and paraventricular nuclei in the forebrain, and the tractus solitarius nuclei, lateral parabrachial nuclei in the hindbrain. Low‐dose losartan markedly reduced c‐fos in these areas after i.c.v. ANG II, while the high‐dose losartan together with ANG II elicited a much stronger FOS‐immunoreactivity in these areas than that induced by i.c.v. ANG II alone. This is a novel finding, thatc‐fosexpression in the brain can be both activated and inhibited under the same condition. Central ANG II‐induced fetal pressor responses were not altered by PD123319 (0.8 mg/kg). These results indicate that i.c.v. losartan at a high and a low dose has strikingly different effects on central ANG II‐induced pressor responses in fetuses at late gestation, and that the AT1mechanism plays an important role in fetal cardiovascular regulation. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:571–579, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Amino‐phosphanes in RhI‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation: Hemilabile Behavior of P,N Ligands under High CO Pressure and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Andrieu Jacques , Camus Jean‐Michel , Richard Philippe , Poli Rinaldo , Gonsalvi Luca , Vizza Francesco , Peruzzini Maurizio 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe catalytic properties of rhodium complexes containing the α‐, β‐, or γ‐amino‐phosphane ligands Ph2PCH2NEt2 (α‐P,N‐1), Ph2PCH(Ar)NHPh [α‐P,N‐2; Ar = η6(o‐C6H4Cl)Cr(CO)3], Ph2PCH2NPh2 (α‐P,N‐3), Ph2PCH2CH(Ph)NHPh (β‐P,N), Ph2PCH2(o‐C6H4–NMe2) (γ‐P,N‐1), Ph2PCH(o‐C6H4–CH2NHPh) (γ‐P,N‐2), and the α,β‐diamino‐phosphane ligand Et2NCH2P(Ph)CH2CH(Ph)NHPh (α,β‐N,P,N), in styrene hydroformylation have been examined. The results show that the activity increases when the number of backbone carbon atoms linking P and N decreases from 3 to 1. IR and 31P HPNMR studies in solution show that all P,N ligands adopt exclusively a κ1‐P coordination mode in rhodium chloride carbonyl complexes under high CO pressure. In the solid state a κ1‐P‐α‐amino‐phosphane coordination has been ascertained by X‐ray methods in trans‐[RhCl(CO)(γ‐P,N‐1)2]. In contrast, an equilibrium between the κ2‐P,N and κ1‐P‐coordination modes has been observed as a function of the CO pressure for the complex containing the β‐P,N ligand. The basicity of the dangling amino group also plays an important role on the catalytic activity and a mechanism involving the nitrogen function in the catalytic cycle is proposed.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
An Original Supramolecular Helicate from a Bipyridine–Bipyrazine Ligand Strand and NiII by Self‐Assembly
Authors: Mathieu Julien , Fraisse Bernard , Lacour Daniel , Ghermani Noureddine , Montaigne François , Marsura Alain 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA new discrete supramolecular pseudo‐helicate has been obtained from a saturated heterotopic methylbipyrazyl–methylbipyridyl ligand strand and NiCl2. The X‐ray structure of the dinuclear complex shows the 2‐oxapropylene bridge oxygen atoms are engaged in coordination to the octahedral metal centre and a selective ligand inter‐strand orientation is promoted in the complex. The crystal packing shows a perfect regular linear arrangement of the asymmetric units giving a packing of interacting molecules having well‐defined rectangular and polygonal open channels. Although a paramagnetic behaviour is observed above 10 K, below this temperature a significant deviation of this behaviour suggests the presence of an NiII–NiII magnetic coupling. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Dopamine and Ascorbic Acid on Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Nanosized Cobalt Phthalocyanine Particles: Simultaneous Determination in the Presence of CTAB
Authors: Yang Gong‐Jun , Xu Jing‐Juan , Wang Kun , Chen Hong‐Yuan 
Published: November 2005

AbstractMetallophthalocyanine (MPc) and its derivatives are well known as electrocatalysts to catalyze oxidation or reduction of some species, such as cysteine, nitric oxide. Their nanosized particles may display the potential optics, electronic, catalytic and structural properties. In this paper, carbon paste electrodes modified with nanosized cobalt phthalocyanine particles (denoted as Nano‐CoPc‐CPE) are fabricated. The electrocatalytic oxidation of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) on the Nano‐CoPc‐CPE was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. Nano‐CoPc particles perform good electrocatalytic activity to DA and AA. The anodic peak potentials of DA and AA were separated with good sensitivity in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The DA and AA can be simultaneously determined by using differential pulse voltammetry. On optimal conditions, the good linear response to DA and AA was observed in the range of 3.0×10−6–1.0×10−4 M and 5.0×10−6–3.0×10−4 M with the correlation coefficient of 0.9983 and 0.9978, respectively. Moreover, 100‐fold AA did not interfere in the determination of DA. This method has been used to simultaneously determine DA and AA concentration in mixed drug samples with satisfactory results.
A new single grating spectrograph for ultraviolet Raman scattering studies
Authors: Hecht Lutz , Clarkson John , Smith Brian J. E. , Springett Roger 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA state‐of‐the‐art single grating spectrograph for Raman scattering studies within the deep ultraviolet (DUV) region of the electromagnetic spectrum is discussed. It is based on a high throughput DUV version of a single‐stage monochromator originally designed for use in the visible spectral region. Its key components are two identical, newly designed calcium fluoride camera lenses each consisting of five different individual optical elements. The first of these lenses collimates the Raman scattered DUV radiation entering the spectrometer through its entrance slit. The second lens focuses the collimated beam of dispersed Raman scattered DUV radiation emerging from a high‐resolution reflection grating onto a charge coupled device (CCD) detector with enhanced DUV sensitivity. A novel high transmission edge filter is used as a blocking device for a sufficient rejection of the Rayleigh line generating a relatively sharp transmittance cutoff at a Stokes Raman wavenumber shift of about ∼450 cm−1 employing 257 nm DUV excitation. Overall, this new spectrograph enables rapid collection of Stokes DUV Raman scattered photons at f/2 wide apertures with sufficiently large signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) in relatively short acquisition times and with an effective spectral resolution of approximately ∼6 cm−1. Backscattered Raman spectra of the following chemicals are presented as typical results illustrating the excellent performance characteristics of this new DUV spectrograph for a variety of experimental conditions within different scattering scenarios and for a relatively wide range of commonly used sample preparation techniques: neat cyclohexane, laboratory air, polycrystalline D‐glucose, single crystal L‐alanine and a dilute aqueous solution of 2′‐deoxyadenosine. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Standardised load‐time histories – a contribution to durability issues under spectrum loading
Authors: Heuler P. , Bruder T. , Klätschke H. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIt is well established that the fatigue performance of materials and structures may be very sensitive to the specifics of the loading encountered. Beside constant amplitude testing, therefore, tests with realistic load sequences are often required in order to assess any susceptibility to the specifics of variable amplitude loading and to demonstrate the in‐service integrity for given materials and structures. For these purposes standardised load‐time histories (SLH’s) have been developed for 30 years since it has been recognised that the use of SLH’s a series of advantages – both for studies of a more generic nature and practical applications. Starting with Gassner’s block programme test, some features of standardised load‐time histories available at present and their relevance for fatigue behaviour of materials and structures are reviewed.
Fatigue of welded hybrid‐joints
Authors: Schliebner R. , Vormwald M. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractOnly for steels up to grade S690QL the well‐known fact is confirmed that the fatigue strength of welded joints is independent of the material. For higher strength steels a remarkable reduction of the fatigue strength is found. Some advice is given for designers in which situations the one or the other of the various approaches for the assessment of the fatigue strength of welds could be applied. In complex, real situations even the highly sophisticated effective notch stress approach might loose its applicability. A new alternative approach is proposed for these situations. It is based on stresses in real notches and an example is presented for the familiar case of a start‐stop position.
Modelling and fatigue life assessment of complex structures
Authors: Marquis G. , Samuelsson J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThis paper presents some of the motivations and main conclusions from a series of joint Nordic research initiatives in which an integrated research approach to the development of future generations of advanced fabricated structures have been employed. The integrated research approach includes coordinated efforts in several key technologies: high‐speed welding processes, high strength materials, cost‐effective NDE, post‐weld treatments and FE‐based design assessment tools. Traditionally, fatigue assessment methods for welded structures have been developed based on small‐scale test specimens and verification studies for large structures are rarely published. Applications on complex structures have led to several new assessment concepts and areas for future work. A modified structural stress method that proposes a multi‐linear stress distribution through the plate thickness is introduced. Also, a crack growth assessment method in which the constraint equations of a sub‐model are linked to the global model is presented. Both these new methods are promising for complex structures. The crucial role of boundary conditions for complex structures is highlighted as is the future challenge of understanding and making use of the residual stress state for welded structures.
Entwicklung eines praxisgeeigneten Prüfverfahrens zur Bewertung des Wasserstoffgefährdungspotenzials von Salzsäurebeizen und zum Vergleich der Wirksamkeit von Inhibitoren
Authors: Schröder‐Rentrop I. , Landgrebe R. , Berger C. , Hasselmann U. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBei der im Rahmen einer Feuerverzinkung notwendigen Beizbehandlung, die zumeist in Salzsäure vorgenommen wird, kann es zur Entwicklung von atomarem Wasserstoff an der Stahloberfläche kommen. Ziel der nachfolgend dargestellten Untersuchungen war, den Prozess der Feuerverzinkung von hochfesten Schrauben, die aufgrund der geforderten hohen Zugfestigkeiten in einem sprödbruchanfälligen Werkstoffzustand vorliegen können, insbesondere unter Aspekten der Qualitätssicherung beherrschbarer zu machen und möglichst zu verbessern.Es wurde ein praxistaugliches Versuchsverfahren zur Prozessüberwachung inhibierter Beizen entwickelt. Bei dem Verfahren handelt es sich um einen Verspannversuch, der an Wellensicherungsringen (WSR) nach DIN 471 in einer hierfür entwickelten Aufweitvorrichtung durchgeführt wird. Die Indikationssicherheit des Versuchsverfahrens wurde durch den Vergleich der Ergebnisse des Verspannversuches mit WSR mit den Ergebnissen aus anderen Untersuchungsverfahren, die mit den gleichen Salzsäurebeizen erzielt wurden, belegt. Die „Wiederholpräzision”︁ des Verspannversuches mit Wellensicherungsringen wurde durch übereinstimmende Ergebnisse, die mit WSR aus unterschiedlichen Fertigungslosen und Wärmebehandlungslosen erzielt wurden, belegt. Die Verspannversuche mit WSR eignen sich als praxistaugliches Prüfverfahren und zeichnen sich darüber hinaus durch einen geringen zeitlichen und materiellen Prüfaufwand, eine einfache Handhabung sowie einen robusten und fehlertoleranten Versuchsaufbau aus.Das im Rahmen des Projektes entwickelte, aus verschiedenen Versuchsführungen bestehende Untersuchungsprogramm, ermöglicht darüber hinaus die umfassende Bewertung geeigneter Inhibitoren für die Beizvorbehandlung hochfester vergüteter Verbindungselemente.
Zur Plausibilität der Methode der Zugdreiecke
Authors: Mattheck C. , Bethge K. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractDie im Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe entwickelte Formoptimierung von Bauteilen nach den Gestaltprinzipien der Natur [1] hat sich in den letzten 15 Jahren weit verbreitet und in der Industrie, insbesondere im Automobilbau bewährt. Die Grenzen der CAO‐Methode (Computer Aided Optimization) sind auch eher wirtschaftlicher Natur. Hier wird die Plausibilität einer neuen, rein graphischen Methode aufgezeigt, die ohne FEM und Optimierungssoftware auskommt.
Low temperature‐induced systems failure in Escherichia coli: Insights from rescue by cold‐adapted chaperones
Authors: Strocchi Massimo , Ferrer Manuel , Timmis Kenneth N. , Golyshin Peter N. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe growth of Escherichia coli cells is impaired at temperatures below 21°C and stops at 7.5°C; however, growth of a transgenic strain producing the cold‐adapted chaperones Cpn60 and Cpn10 from the psychrophilic bacterium Oleispira antarctica is good at low temperatures. The E. coli cpn+ transgene offers a novel opportunity for examining the essential protein for cell viability at low temperatures. By screening a large‐scale protein map (proteome) of cells of K‐12 and its Cpn+ transgene incubated at 4°C, we identified 22 housekeeping proteins involved in systems failure of E. coli when confronted with low temperature. Through co‐immunoprecipitation of Cpn60, Northern blot, and in vitro refolding, we systematically identified that protein–chaperone interactions are key determinants of their protein functions at low temperatures. Furthermore, chromosomal gene deletion experiments suggest that the mechanism of cold‐induced systems failure in E. coli is cold‐induced inactivation of the GroELS chaperonins and the resulting failure to refold cold‐inactivated Dps, ClpB, DnaK and RpsB proteins. These findings: (1) indicate the potential importance of chaperones in cold sensitivity, cold adaptation and cold tolerance in cellular systems, and (2) suggest the identity of a few key cold‐sensitive chaperone‐interacting proteins that get inactivated and ultimately cause systems failure in E. coli cells at low temperatures.
Proteomic investigation of the molecular pathophysiology of dysferlinopathy
Authors: De Palma Sara , Morandi Lucia , Mariani Elena , Begum Shajna , Cerretelli Paolo , Wait Robin , Gelfi Cecilia 
Published: November 2005

AbstractMutations in dysferlin gene cause several types of muscular dystrophy in humans, including the limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and the distal muscular dystrophy of Miyoshi. The dysferlin gene product is a membrane‐associated protein belonging to the ferlins family of proteins. The function of the dysferlin protein and the cause of deterioration and regression of muscle fibres in its absence, are incompletely known. A functional clue may be the presence of six hydrophilic domains, C2, that bind calcium and mediate the interaction of proteins with cellular membranes. Dysferlin seems to be involved in the membrane fusion or repair. Molecular diagnosis of dysferlinopathies is now possible and the types of gene alterations that have been characterized so far include missense mutations, deletions and insertions.