bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficits in Prosodic Speech-in-Noise Recognition in Schizophrenia Patients and Its Association with Psychiatric Symptoms
Authors: She Shenglin , Gong Bingyan , Li Qiuhong , Xia Yu , Lu Xiaohua , Liu Yi , Wu Huawang , Zheng Yingjun , Wu Chao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Uncertainty in speech perception and emotional disturbances are intertwined with psychiatric symptoms. How prosody embedded in target speech affects speech-in-noise recognition (SR) and is related to psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the neural substrates of prosodic SR deficits and their associations with psychiatric symptom dimensions in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
Fifty-four schizophrenia patients (SCHs) and 59 healthy control participants (HPs) completed the SR task (the target pseudosentences were uttered in neutral, happy, sad, angry, fear, and disgust prosody), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging scanning. We examined the deficits of the six prosodic SRs in schizophrenia patients and examined their associations with brain gray matter volume (GMV) reduction and psychiatric symptoms.
Results
Negative prosody worsened SR and reduced SR change rates across groups. SCHs had lower rates of change in prosodic SR and SR than HPs. Prosodic SR was associated with acoustic features. The GMV PLS component (covering 47 brain regions with group differences) was related to group differences in the six prosodic SRs. A happy SR was associated with the PANSS total, negative, and general scores after adjusting for covariates.
Conclusions
A better prosodic SR was related to better emotional salience, shorter duration, and lower shimmer (local) of the target sentences. The prosodic SR abnormalities in SCHs were associated with brain GMV reductions in the regions involved in sensorimotor, speech, and emotion processing. These findings suggest the possibility of improving negative symptoms by improving a happy SR in schizophrenia patients based on neuroplasticity.
The SEMA3F-NRP1/NRP2 axis is a key factor in the acquisition of invasive traits in in situ breast ductal carcinoma
Authors: Moragas Núria , Fernandez-Nogueira Patricia , Recalde-Percaz Leire , Inman Jamie L. , López-Plana Anna , Bergholtz Helga , Noguera-Castells Aleix , Burgo Pedro J. del , Chen Xieng , Sorlie Therese , Gascón Pere , Bragado Paloma , Bissell Mina , Carbó Neus , Fuster Gemma 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: A better understanding of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is urgently needed to identify these preinvasive lesions as distinct clinical entities. Semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F) is a soluble axonal guidance molecule, and its coreceptors Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and NRP2 are strongly expressed in invasive epithelial BC cells.
Methods: We utilized two cell line models to represent the progression from a healthy state to the mild-aggressive or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) stage and, ultimately, to invasive cell lines. Additionally, we employed in vivo models and conducted analyses on patient databases to ensure the translational relevance of our results.
Results: We revealed SEMA3F as a promoter of invasion during the DCIS-to-invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) transition in breast cancer (BC) through the action of NRP1 and NRP2. In epithelial cells, SEMA3F activates epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas it promotes extracellular matrix degradation and basal membrane and myoepithelial cell layer breakdown.
Conclusions:Together with our patient database data, these proof-of-concept results reveal new SEMA3F-mediated mechanisms occurring in the most common preinvasive BC lesion, DCIS, and represent potent and direct activation of its transition to invasion. Moreover, and of clinical and therapeutic relevance, the effects of SEMA3F can be blocked directly through both its receptors and coreceptors, thus preventing invasion and keeping DCIS lesions in the preinvasive state.
Low genetic variation among trees in cocoa hand pollination in the Offinso Municipality of Ghana revealed by SSR markers
Authors: Dompreh Daniel , Kuranchie Pearl , Prempeh Ruth Naa Ashiokai , Acquah Emmanuel , Sevor Dora 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Cocobod introduced nationwide artificial hand pollination in Ghana in 2017 to supplement natural pollination of Theobroma cacao L. (cocoa) by insects (Forcipomyia midges) to increase yield. Hybrid farms of 8-20years old are mostly selected. Pollen donor and receiver trees are selected based on morphological characteristics. This study analyzed the genetic diversity among donor and recipient trees of cocoa hand pollination in three farms in the Offinso Municipality of Ghana using SSR markers. Twelve forward and reverse primer pairs out of fifteen primers screened were used to evaluate genetic intraspecific and interspecific diversity among twenty-five accessions based on clear amplification and reproducible scorable bands. A total of 115 polymorphic bands were detected which ranged between 5.00 and 17.00 with a mean of 9.58 alleles per locus. Cluster analysis showed similarity coefficient range of 0.10 to 0.83. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed13% genetic variation between populations and 87% within populations of T. cacao. PhiPT value of 0.130 recorded showed weak genetic differentiation between populations. Gene diversity varied from 0.64 to 0.88 with primers MTcCIR33 and MTcCIR07 respectively. Highest observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 0.60 and least Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.57 were recorded. Pollen donor and recipient trees selected from the same or nearby farms accounts for present genetic structure of low genetic diversity between populations. Though hand pollination designs focus much on high yields, improving genetic diversity to prevent inbreeding in cocoa is recommended.
A novel approach to electroactivation: Designing of an electroactivated reactor to constrain the growth of MDR Salmonella strains by sodium caprylate solutions
Authors: Rawat Pallavi , Chauhan Vidya , Chaudhary Juhi , Singh Chhaya , Rawat Pramod , Singh Yashaswi , Chauhan Neha 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The present research explored the antimicrobial efficacy of different solutions of the electroactivated salt of organic acid (sodium caprylate) against four multidrug-resistant strains of nontyphoidal Salmonella (Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae, Salmonella Newport, Salmonella enterica ser. Typhi, Salmonella enterica ser. Paratyphi. The tested solutions were electroactivated in an electrochemical cell with three sections (anodic, central, and cathodic) partitioned by anionic and cationic exchange membranes. Electric current strengths of 100 mA, 150 mA, 200 mA, and 250 mA were applied for a total of 45 minutes. The salt solutions had concentrations of 0.5 M/L, 0.25 M/L, 0.125 M/L, 0.0625 M/L, and 0.0312 M/L. Antibacterial efficacy was tested at three concentrations, i.e., 1%, 3%, and 5%, in which 5% of the solutions showed superior inhibitory activity against all strains. In the course of the whole experimental test, four different membrane locations and solution amounts were investigated. All the current intensities showed the maximum inhibition by sodium caprylate for the MTCC 660. However, in combination with conjugated caprylic acid, its inactivating power was considerably greater. Principally, this study unambiguously showed that electroactivation can create exceptionally reactive organic acids from conjugated salts. These electroactivated solutions have the potential to be effective antimicrobial and sporicidal compounds in the food preparation industry.
The Effect of Symmetry Breaking In Coupled Cavity Photonic Crystal Waveguide on Dispersion Characteristics
Authors: Oguz Hasan , Yuksel Zekeriya Mehmet , Karakilinc Ozgur Onder , Berberoglu Halil , Turduev Mirbek , Kart Sevgi Ozdemir , Adak Muzaffer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, we explore the effect of integrated auxiliary rods at varying angles to the primary cavity rod on the dispersion characteristics of the photonic crystal coupled cavity waveguide (PC CCW). Here, it is intended to break the symmetry of the cavity region by introducing auxiliary rods which gives the degree of freedom for tuning effective index of the PC waveguide. Furthermore, rotational angle variations of auxiliary rods reveal slow light operation of the PC CCW where the group index is maximized and group velocity dispersion, as well as the third-order dispersion, are minimized. In addition, auxiliary rods with a broken symmetry increase not only group index but also operating bandwidth and accordingly increase group bandwidth product by 675\%. Leveraging these results, we demonstrate effective rainbow trapping by manipulating the auxiliary rod angles in photonic crystal coupled cavity waveguides. Our results have encouraging implications for optical buffering, multiplexing, demultiplexing, advanced time-domain and spatial signal processing.
Numerical solution of the first kind Fredholm integral equations using a regularized projection method.
Authors: Bechouat Tahar , Boussetila Nadjib 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, we utilize the Tikhonov regularization method in conjunction with projection methods, aiming to obtain an optimal approximate solution for the first kind of Fredholm integral equations. Our analysis encompasses a comprehensive discussion on convergence, wherein we establish convergence rates by employing an a priori parameter choice strategy. Additionally, we explore the application of the Engl-type discrepancy principle as a posteriori parameter strategy for determining the regularization parameter, and we assess the resulting convergence rate, which exhibits an optimal order. To validate our theoretical findings, we present numerical experiments.
MSC Classification: 47A52 , 65R30
The impact of histological subtype on postoperative recurrence pattern and timing in locally advanced esophagogastric junction cancer
Authors: Maeda Shinsuke , Ota Masaho , Ito Shunichi , Hosoda Kei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The differences of tumoral behavior between histological subtypes of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer have yet to be well investigated. The purpose of this study is to gain insights that can contribute to the tailored treatments and follow-up strategies by analyzing correlation between histological subtypes and oncological outcomes.
Methods
Retrospective analysis was used to determine the characteristics of the histological subtype of EGJ cancer by comparing the appearance of postoperative recurrences. A total of 102 consecutive cases of pathological Stage IIA to IVA EGJ cancer, who underwent R0 surgery in our department from 2004 to 2020, were enrolled. The recurrence pattern, timing, survival, and potential prognostic factors were compared.
Results
After a median follow-up time of 70.1 months, the AC group demonstrated a comparable lymph node metastasis-free survival (P = 0.291) and a significantly worse non-lymphogenous failure-free survival (P = 0.035) than the SCC group. A significantly longer period from surgery to recurrence in the AC group was also observed (P = 0.029). Multivariate analysis indicated that histological subtype (P = 0.015, 95% CI = 1.24–7.28) was significantly correlated with the incidence of non-lymphogenous recurrence.
Conclusions
The pattern and timing of postoperative recurrence for EGJ cancer were found to be significantly different between the histological subtypes. EGJ AC may have a stronger tendency of non-lymphogenous progression and a propensity for longer surgery-to-recurrence periods compared to EGJ SCC.
Can Large Language Models be sensitive to Culture Suicide Risk Assessment?
Authors: Levkovich Inbar , Shinan-Altman Shiri , Elyoseph Zohar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Suicide remains a pressing global public health issue. Previous studies have shown the promise of Generative Intelligent (GenAI) Large Language Models (LLMs) in assessing suicide risk in relation to professionals. But the considerations and risk factors that the models use to assess the risk remain as a black box. This study investigates if ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 integrate cultural factors in assessing suicide risks (probability of suicidal ideation, potential for suicide attempt, likelihood of severe suicide attempt, and risk of mortality from a suicidal act) by vignette methodology. The vignettes examined were of individuals from Greece and South Korea, representing countries with low and high suicide rates, respectively. The contribution of this research is to examine risk assessment from an international perspective, as large language models are expected to provide culturally-tailored responses. However, there is a concern regarding cultural biases and racism, making this study crucial. In the evaluation conducted via ChatGPT-4, only the risks associated with a severe suicide attempt and potential mortality from a suicidal act were rated higher for the South Korean characters than for their Greek counterparts. Furthermore, only within the ChatGPT-4 framework was male gender identified as a significant risk factor, leading to a heightened risk evaluation across all variables. ChatGPT models exhibit significant sensitivity to cultural nuances. ChatGPT-4, in particular, offers increased sensitivity and reduced bias, highlighting the importance of gender differences in suicide risk assessment.
Optimizing the NGS-based discrimination of multiple lung cancers from the perspective of evolution
Authors: Wang Ziyang , Yuan Xiaoqiu , Liu Ke , Sun Kunkun , Chervova Olga , Nie Yuntao , Yang Airong , Jin Yichen , Li Jing , Li Yun , Yang Fan , Wang Jun , Beck Stephan , Carbone David , Chen Kezhong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can help differentiate multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) from intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM), but remains vague in panel choice and clonal relatedness interpretation.
Methods: First, cases with definite diagnosis of MPLC or IPM were simulatedusing the whole-exome sequencing (WES)data from 80 single lung cancer, samples from different tumors mimicking MPLC while those from the same tumor simulating IPM. Different panels were modeled by gene subsampling. Two interpretation methods of clonal relatedness were compared: counting the shared mutations (MoleA) versus probability calculation based on all the mutations (MoleB). We drew ROC curves for each panel and interpretation method with reference to the definite diagnosis, and selected the optimal combinations according to area under the ROC curve (AUCs) and inconclusive rate.
Results: MoleB outperformed MoleA with all panels. The AUCs plateaued at high levels when applying NCCNplus MoleB (9 driver genes recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network [NCCN] plus TP53) (AUC = 0.950±0.002) or pancancer MoleA (363-genes) (AUC = 0.792±0.004). Then the superiority of selected strategies was validated in two independent cohorts of multiple lung cancers. All NGS-based methodologies significantly separated the disease-free survival in the WES cohort (N = 42), and NCCNplus MoleB also successfully stratified the prognosis in the non-WES cohort (N = 94). Further phylogenetic analysis and timing of driver alterations revealed the evolutionary differences between MPLC and IPM.
Conclusions: These findings have established the first modified panel and corresponding NGS-based procedures to discriminate multiple lung cancers (MLCs).
Temporal and spatial satellite data augmentation for deep learning-based rainfall nowcasting
Authors: Baydaroğlu Özlem , Demir Ibrahim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The significance of improving rainfall prediction methods has escalated due to climate change-induced flash floods and severe flooding. In this study, rainfall nowcasting has been studied utilizing NASA Giovanni satellite-derived precipitation products and the convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) approach. The goal of the study is to assess the impact of data augmentation on flood nowcasting. Due to data requirements of deep learning-based prediction methods, data augmentation is performed using eight different interpolation techniques. Spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal interpolated rainfall data are used to conduct a comparative analysis of the results obtained through nowcasting rainfall. This research examines two catastrophic floods that transpired in Türkiye Marmara Region in 2009 and the Central Black Sea Region in 2021, which are selected as the focal case studies. The Marmara and Black Sea regions are prone to frequent flooding, which, due to the dense population, has devastating consequences. Furthermore, these regions exhibit distinct topographical characteristics and precipitation patterns, and the frontal systems that impact them are also dissimilar. The nowcast results for the two regions exhibit a significant difference. Although data augmentation significantly reduced the error values by 59% for one region, it did not yield the same effectiveness for the other region.
Implementable Prediction of Pressure Injuries in Hospitalized Adults: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Reese Thomas J , Domenico Henry J , Hernandez Antonio , Byrne Daniel W , Moore Ryan P , Williams Jessica B , Douthit Brian J , Russo Elise , McCoy Allison B , Ivory Catherine H , Steitz Bryan D , Wright Adam 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Numerous pressure injury prediction models have been developed using electronic health record data, yet hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) are increasing, which demonstrates the critical challenge of implementing these models in routine care.

Objective
To help bridge the gap between development and implementation, we sought to create a model that was feasible, broadly applicable, dynamic, actionable, and rigorously validated and then compare its performance to usual care (ie, the Braden scale).

Methods
We extracted electronic health record data from 197,991 adult hospital admissions with 51 candidate features. For risk prediction and feature selection, we used logistic regression with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) approach. To compare the model with usual care, we used the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), Brier score, slope, intercept, and integrated calibration index. The model was validated using a temporally staggered cohort.

Results
A total of 5458 HAPIs were identified between January 2018 and July 2022. We determined 22 features were necessary to achieve a parsimonious and highly accurate model. The top 5 features included tracheostomy, edema, central line, first albumin measure, and age. Our model achieved higher discrimination than the Braden scale (AUC 0.897, 95% CI 0.893-0.901 vs AUC 0.798, 95% CI 0.791-0.803).

Conclusions
We developed and validated an accurate prediction model for HAPIs that surpassed the standard-of-care risk assessment and fulfilled necessary elements for implementation. Future work includes a pragmatic randomized trial to assess whether our model improves patient outcomes.
Privacy Barriers in Health Monitoring: Scoping Review
Authors: Sun Luyi , Yang Bian , Kindt Els , Chu Jingyi 
Published: March 2024

Background
Health monitoring technologies help patients and older adults live better and stay longer in their own homes. However, there are many factors influencing their adoption of these technologies. Privacy is one of them.

Objective
The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the privacy barriers in health monitoring from current research, analyze the factors that influence patients to adopt assisted living technologies, provide a social psychological explanation, and propose suggestions for mitigating these barriers in future research.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted, and web-based literature databases were searched for published studies to explore the available research on privacy barriers in a health monitoring environment.

Results
In total, 65 articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected and analyzed. Contradictory findings and results were found in some of the included articles. We analyzed the contradictory findings and provided possible explanations for current barriers, such as demographic differences, information asymmetry, researchers’ conceptual confusion, inducible experiment design and its psychological impacts on participants, researchers’ confirmation bias, and a lack of distinction among different user roles. We found that few exploratory studies have been conducted so far to collect privacy-related legal norms in a health monitoring environment. Four research questions related to privacy barriers were raised, and an attempt was made to provide answers.

Conclusions
This review highlights the problems of some research, summarizes patients’ privacy concerns and legal concerns from the studies conducted, and lists the factors that should be considered when gathering and analyzing people’s privacy attitudes.
Pembentukan Kepemimpinan dalam Organisasi Keagamaan: Analisis Latihan Kader Utama Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama, Yogyakarta
Authors: Alghozali Ahmad Mirshad 
Published: March 2024

This article aims to discuss how the Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama (IPNU) in Yogyakarta instills leadership qualities in its members through Primary Cadre Training. The study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and content analysis conducted during the sessions of the Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama (IPNU) Primary Cadre Training. The study indicates that IPNU Primary Cadre Training emphasizes self-analysis, organizational understanding, and the development of ideology while instilling values of patriotism, nationalism, and Islamic ideology. The study concludes that leadership training in IPNU is grounded in Max Weber's theory of authority, emphasizing a combination of technical expertise and moral integrity. Although Primary Cadre Training does not guarantee charismatic authority, it serves as a crucial foundation for IPNU cadres to assume leadership responsibilities in the future.
Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan tentang bagaimana Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama (IPNU) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menanamkan kualitas kepemimpinan pada anggotanya melalui Latihan Kader Utama. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan analisis konten selama sesi Latihan Kader Utama Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama (IPNU). Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa latihan Kader Utama IPNU menitikberatkan pada analisis diri, pemahaman organisasi, dan pengembangan ideologi, serta menanamkan nilai cinta tanah air, nasionalisme, dan ideologi keislaman. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa latihan kepemimpinan di IPNU memiliki dasar pada teori otoritas Max Weber yang menekankan pada kombinasi keahlian teknis dan integritas moral. Meskipun Lakut tidak menjamin otoritas karismatik, tetapi sebagai tahap akhir pengkaderan Lakut memberikan landasan penting bagi kader IPNU untuk mengemban tanggung jawab kepemimpinan di masa depan.