bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Lower Limb Alignment with Mensical Meniscal Extrusion in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: da-hui Shen , shou-kang Sun , yang Song , xiang-jun Xu , chao Wang , zhi-fang Mu , dong-sheng Guo , yue-fu Dong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
[Objective] This study aims to explore the relationship between Lower limb alignment parameters and the degree of Meniscal Medial Extrusion (MME) in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA), in hopes of providing new reference data for the prevention and treatment of KOA. [Methods] A retrospective study design was employed, analyzing 623 KOA patients treated at our hospital from 2022 to 2023, with 307 patients' information collected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into mild and severe groups based on the degree of MME, and differences in Lower limb alignment parameters between the two groups were compared, including AMA, JLCA, mLDFA, MPTA, FKJL, FTA, and mHKA. Univariate analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were used, along with ROC curve assessment to evaluate the predictive value of Lower limb alignment parameters on the degree of MME. [Results] Univariate analysis showed significant correlations between AMA, JLCA, mLDFA, MPTA, and the degree of MME (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis further confirmed the positive correlations between these parameters and the degree of MME. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that AMA, JLCA, and mLDFA are significant independent predictors of the severity of MME. ROC analysis suggested that the combination of AMA, JLCA, and mLDFA could better predict severe MME. When the values of AMA, JLCA, and mLDFA exceed 6.33°, 3.55°, and 86.34°, respectively, MME ≥ 0.3cm, significantly increasing the risk of MME. [Conclusion] AMA, JLCA, and mLDFA are closely related to the degree of MME in KOA patients and can serve as important parameters for assessing the severity of MME, holding significant implications for the early prevention and treatment of KOA.
An outcome space branch and bound algorithm for affine multiplicative problems using piecewise linear approximation technique
Authors: Hu Peng , Wu Zhiyou , Gu Hengyang , Liu Jia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an efficient algorithm for solving a class of affine multiplication programs(AMP). In order to obtain the global optimal solution of the problem, we first transform the problem into an equivalent problem by introducing auxiliary variables. Secondly, we utilize a new piecewise linear approximation technology to systematically transform the problem into a series of linear relaxation programming problems to obtain a reliable lower bound of the optimal value of the problem. Hence, according to the characteristics of the problem and the structure of the branch-and-bound framework, some outer space acceleration techniques are constructed to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. In addition, by analyzing the computational complexity of the algorithm, an estimate of the maximum number of iterations of the algorithm is given. Finally, numerical results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the algorithm.
Characterizing Parameter Equivalence and Approximation in 1D FEM and ReLU NNs
Authors: Katende Ronald , Oleynik Anna , Kasumba Henry , Kakuba Godwin , Mango John 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces a novel methodology for characterizing parameter equivalence between Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) Neural Networks (NNs) and 1D Finite Element Models (FEMs). By expressing the FEM solution equation in terms of neural networks and employing a hybrid scheme involving partially trained nested neural networks, we bridge the gap between these two computational paradigms. Our approach offers a promising avenue to leverage the flexibility of neural networks while retaining the established principles of FEM. Through extensive numerical experiments, we demonstrate the efficacy of our scheme in function interpolation and solving partial differential equations (PDEs). In function interpolation tasks, our hybrid scheme consistently outperforms fully trainable ReLU NNs, achieving significantly lower error factors across various scenarios. Similarly, in solving PDEs, our approach exhibits superior accuracy compared to fully trainable ReLU NNs, as evidenced by lower L2-error factors. We further extend the application of our hybrid scheme to diverse PDEs including the heat, Poisson, and wave equations, showcasing its versatility and effectiveness across different problem domains. This work not only presents a significant advancement in computational methods but also lays the groundwork for redefining the FEM algorithm within an algorithmic framework. These findings have implications for a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines, and we believe they warrant consideration for publication in high-impact journals.
The impact of economic growth and international economy on income inequality: Evidence from method of moments quantile regression
Authors: TARCHOUN Monaem , Ghraieb Ikram 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
the relationship between inequality and economic growth and international economy is one of the most studied topics and is seen as a major problem to be solved. what is new is that researchers and policy makers have shifted their attention from conventional inequality at a single mean coefficient to divisible inequality at levels of its value. In this context, our article contributes to examine the link between inequality and economic growth by taking into account the international economic relations of three panels of countries grouped according to their income levels during the period 1990 to 2020. The study used an econometric quantile regression model (Method of moments quantile regression) to examine these variables at different levels of inequality. The estimates for quantiles 0.05 to 0.95 in 135 countries yielded the following findings: The empirical results showed heterogeneous effects of the international economy, economic growth and financial development on inequalities between different quantiles in each country of the three panels (HIC, MIC, LIC).Our findings have several implications and offer valuable insights for policy makers to address inequality based on financial development or/and economic growth or/and international economic variables
Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium carrying the shSTAT3/shPD-L1 recombinant plasmid for colorectal cancer treatment
Authors: Yang Mei , Xu Libo , Wei Xiaodong , Yang Jiaying , Wang Ding , Liu Jixuan , Shi Shuxin , Chen Xuyang , Li Mengxin , Wang Yingtong , Luo Qian , Tian Yong , Zhu Hongquan , Kalvakolanu Dhan V. , Liu Ying , Zhang Ling , Guo Baofeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract; however, surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy have limited effects, and targeted therapy and immunotherapy have become novel options for prolonging the survival of patients with colorectal cancer. STAT3, a transcription factor, regulates the expression of various proteins and participates in multiple biological processes in tumors, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. PD-L1 are essential immune checkpoint molecules that regulate the tumor microenvironment and immune escape of tumor cells. The increased expression of PD-L1 induce the internal compositional changes of tumor cells, and regulate multiple processes of tumor cell progression. Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium can target tumor tissue to deliver plasmids and preferentially colonize hypoxic areas within the tumor, helping mount an anti-tumor immune response. Therefore, we constructed a double-interfering plasmid shSTAT3/shPD-L1 to reduce the expression of STAT3 and PD-L1 simultaneously and used attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium carrying the plasmid to improve tumor tissue targeting and anti-tumor immune effects to explore the anti-tumor effects of double-interfering RNA at multiple levels in vivo and in vitro and to demonstrate its potential application in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
Design and Fabrication of a Portable App-controlled Mobile Robot for Towing Vehicles
Authors: Muhieitheen Mahmood Khaja , S. Seshaarajesh , S. Shiyam Sankar , S. Chandrasekaran A. , A. Alifia Sabreen , V. Nithish , B. Mohamed Jalaludeen M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
With vehicular traffic on the rise and a significant increase in the frequency of breakdowns, comes the need for more efficient and timely towing assistance. The global towing market exceeded USD 7 billion in the year 2021, and, according to forecasts, will hit USD 20 billion by 2030. It is crucial to ensure that vehicles experiencing breakdown are towed away to safety, to reduce chances of accidents and prevent collisions with other vehicles that use the same roads. However, commercial towing services remain prone to human error, delays in arrival, and cost their customers significantly. The aim of this paper is to present the ProTow Bot, a smartphone-controlled portable vehicle tow, which can be operated by vehicle owners with ease. This is a compact and lightweight tank-style robot designed to lift and push forward consumer automobiles, in accordance with the owner’s directions issued via a phone app. This paper details the relevant traction calculations, mechanical and electrical design, programming, assembly, and testing of the ProTow Bot. Applications for the bot include individual ownership, support for supply chain companies relying on road transport, airplane movers, and warehouse inventory management.
Associations Between Phenotypes of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity and Incident Hypertension in Young Adulthood
Authors: Fleur Ruth St , Tanofsky-Kraff Marian , Yanovski Jack , Horton Nicholas , Reich Laura , chavarro Jorge , Hirschhorn Joel , Ziobrowski Hannah , Field Alison 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated whether empirically derived childhood obesity phenotypes were differentially associated with risk of hypertension in young adulthood, and whether these associations differed by sex.
Methods
Data came from 11,404 participants in the Growing Up Today Study, a prospective cohort study in the US established in 1996. We used a childhood obesity phenotype variable that was previously empirically derived using latent class analysis. The childhood obesity phenotypes included an early puberty phenotype (females only), a mothers with obesity phenotype, a high weight concerns phenotype, and a mixed phenotype. Participants without overweight or obesity in childhood or adolescence were the reference group. We then used logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations to examine associations of childhood obesity phenotypes with incident hypertension between ages 20–35 years. All analyses were stratified by sex.
Results
Among females, participants in all of the empirically derived childhood obesity phenotypes were more likely than their peers without childhood overweight/obesity to develop hypertension in young adulthood (early puberty subtype odds ratio (OR) = 2.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.75, 3.62; mothers with obesity (MO) subtype OR = 2.98; 95% CI = 1.93, 4.59; high weight concerns (WC) subtype OR = 2.33; 95% CI = 1.65, 3.28; mixed subtype OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.25, 2.20). Among males, the childhood obesity phenotypes were associated with a higher risk of developing hypertension, although males in the MO (OR = 2.65; 95% CI = 1.82, 3.87) and WC phenotypes (OR = 3.52; 95% CI = 2.38, 5.20) had a greater risk of developing hypertension than the mixed subtype (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.23, 1.86) (p = 0.004).
Conclusion
Risk for incident hypertension in young adulthood varied by childhood obesity phenotypes, as well as by biological sex. If replicated, these results may suggest that increased surveillance of specific childhood obesity phenotypes might help in targeting those at highest risk for hypertension.
Efficacy and safety of different oral prednisone tapering course in adult anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Cai Linjun , Li Gaowei , Abdulaziz Ammar T. , Gong Xue , Liu Xu , Guo Kundian , Li Aiqing , Kong Xueying , Li Jinmei , Zhou Dong , Hong Zhen 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background In adult N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis, corticosteroids are commonly used as first-line treatment. However, the optimal oral prednisone tapering (OPT) following intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy remains unclear. We aim to compare the efficacy and safety of different OPT course in NMDAR encephalitis. Methods The CHASE study, a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, enrolled patients diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis from October 2011 to March 2023. Patients were divided into three groups based on the duration of oral prednisone tapering: ≤3 months (Group ≤ 3 mo), 3–6 months (Group 3–6 mo), and > 6 months (Group>6 mo). Kaplan-Meier plots were generated for time-to-event endpoints, including the first relapse within 2 years and total recovery within 2 years, with sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses conducted to assess estimate robustness. Results Among 666 screened patients, 171 (median [IQR] age was 27 [21.0-36.5] years, 55.0% were female) met selection criteria. The proportion of responders at 3 months was higher in Group ≤ 3 mo (OR, 9.404 [95% CI 2.741 to 32.257]) and Group 3–6 mo (OR, 5.360 [95% CI 1.477–19.453]) than in Group > 6 mo. Clinical Assessment Scale for Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE) scores at 12 months after treatment were higher in Group >6 mo than in Group ≤ 3 mo and Group 3–6 mo (2.5 [IQR: 1.0–4.0] vs. 1 [IQR: 0.0–2.0] vs 1 [IQR: 0.0–2.0]). However, after propensity score matching, these differences disappeared. Weight gain was more frequent in the Group > 6 months than in Group ≤ 3 months (80.0% [95% CI 61.6–98.4%] vs. 33.3% [95% CI 14.1–52.6%]). No significant differences were found in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, relapse rates within 2 years, full recovery within 2 years, time to recovery, impact of residual symptoms, or CASE score changes. Conclusions Extending oral prednisone beyond 3 months did not significantly improve outcomes but increased the risk of adverse events, particularly weight gain. This recommends evaluating the possibility of shortening the duration of oral prednisone after a thorough patient assessment. Trial Registration: The trial was registered on Cinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800019762).
Eltrombopag in Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia With Severe Thrombocytopenia. A Gfm Study
Authors: Itzykson Raphael , Rabian Florence , Chevret Sylvie , Gruson Bérengère , Thepot Sylvain , Walter-Petrich Anouk , Braun Thorsten , Vey Norbert , Diaz Jose Miguel Torregrosa , Peterlin Pierre , TOMA Andrea , D'Aveni Maud , Delaunay Jacques , Legros Laurence , Droin Nathalie , Chermat Fatiha , Adès Lionel , Sapena Rosa , Solary Eric , Fenaux Pierre , Lusina Daniel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

We conducted a multicenter single-arm phase II trial evaluating the oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist eltrombopag in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patients without blast excess and with platelets < 50 x109/L. CMML patients naïve of hypomethylating agents, with bone marrow blasts ≤ 5%, platelets < 50 x109/L and with lower-risk disease received eltrombopag for at least 12 weeks including an 8-week titration. The primary endpoint was platelet response at 12 weeks (IWG 2006 criteria). Twenty-nine patients were enrolled (median age 78 years). Median platelet count was 29 x109/L. CPSS risk was low or intermediate-1 in 55% and 31% of patients respectively.RUNX1was mutated in 56% of patients. Eight patients dropped out the trial before 12 weeks (including 3 for early progression). A platelet response was achieved in 14 (48.3%, 95% CI 29.4–67.5) patients at 12 weeks, and in 21 (72.4%) at any time on study. Median response duration was 2.6 months, with 10 (34.5%) patients experiencing responses lasting ≥ 6 months. Grade 3 hepatobiliary adverse events occurred in 3 (10%) patients. Two-year progression-free and overall survival were 23% and 47%, respectively. Carefully escalated eltrombopag induces frequent but transient platelet responses in CMML patients with thrombocytopenia.
Enhancing Broiler Chicken Growth and Carcass With Cassava Leaf Meal (Manihot esculenta)
Authors: Valdez Marco Felix Sangco , Rafon Glesia Kresta O. , Samlero Wezel A. , Nicdao Eden C. , Jose Willy A. San , Bonagua Edwin D. , Daoa Romuel A. , Mendoza Fernando D. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Poultry meat production, particularly broiler chicken, plays a vital role in the Asian region. However, increasing feed costs pose significant challenges to the broiler chicken industry. The search for locally available and affordable feed ingredients becomes crucial to address this issue. Cassava, a versatile and abundant crop in the region, holds great promise as a potential alternative. Cassava leaves, in particular, possess high nutritional value, including protein, minerals, and vitamins. However, they also contain hydrocyanic acid (HCN), which can be toxic. Sun drying is an effective method for reducing the cyanide content in cassava leaves. Previous studies have shown that supplementing cassava leaf meal (CLM) in broiler diets improves growth performance without adverse effects. This study investigated the impact of different levels of CLM as a supplemental feed on broiler growth parameters, carcass yield, and meat cut-up yield. It found out that including 3% and 5% CLM positively influences growth parameters, feed efficiency, carcass yield, and meat cut-up yield. These findings highlight the potential of CLM as a sustainable and locally available feed resource for broiler production in the Asian region. Further research is needed to determine the optimal level of CLM inclusion and evaluate its economic feasibility and environmental impact.
Iatrogenic Dislocation of the Temporomandibular Joint due to General Anaesthesia
Authors: Alam Munir 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a modified hinge joint with the condyle of the mandible resting in a shallow glenoid fossa, predisposing it to be easily dislocated without extreme force. Anterior dislocation of TMJ is the most common type of dislocation. It can occur due to excessive opening of the mouth, trauma, or seizures. Iatrogenic cases of TMJ dislocation have been reported with 5% incidence during anaesthesia induction, intubation, and upper endoscopic procedures (1,2). However, it has not been reported while the surgeon working around the head & neck area. In this case report while the surgeon operating on facial nerve, the dislocation of TMJ was missed or not identified in the immediate post operative period, may be due to the patient symptoms of previous facial nerve branches damage.
Case Presentation: This is a case report of 23 years old female in which post-intubation complication of TMJ dislocation occurred while the patient had facial surgery.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis of iatrogenic TMJ dislocation is required to prevent delays in treatment, whether the surgery in the head & neck region or remote area.
Room-temperature power generation of Ge-sensitized thermal cells with interdigitated array electrodes
Authors: Matsushita Sachiko , Kohata Haruki , Obinata Mitsugu , Isobe Toshihiro , Nakajima Akira 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A semiconductor-sensitized thermal cell (STC) is a new thermal energy conversion technology that generates electricity using the redox reactions of electrolyte ions with thermally excited carriers in semiconductors. A characteristic feature of STC is the restoration phenomena of battery characteristics in heat due to the electrolyte ion diffusion. This study employed interdigitated array electrodes with extremely narrow electrode distances (several micro m) to clarify the role of ion diffusion, leading to electric power generation at an ambient temperature of 30℃.
Influences of Policy, School, Family, and Community Environmental Factors on Physical Activity and Fitness Among Children and Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Wang Junyu , Wu Shengyong , Chen Xuhui , Yang Yong , Ruan Weiqi , Xu Bingjie , Xie Ting , Wang Jianfeng , Wu Jun , Zhuang Jie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Investigating environmental factors' impact on youth physical activity (PA) and fitness (PF) is crucial for healthy lifestyle promotion. This study examines policy, school, family, and community influences on Chinese children and adolescents' PA and PF.
Methods: In a cross-sectional analysis involving 2,747 Chinese children and adolescents (mean age 12.90 ± 2.49; 48.2% male) from 17 schools, environmental factors—policy, school, family, and community—were assessed through questionnaires, while PA levels were gauged using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. PF metrics—BMI, waist-to-height ratio, grip strength, vertical jump, and 20-mSRT—were measured onsite. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) explored relationships between environmental influences and PA/PF outcomes.
Results: School environment ranked highest (78.0±9.5), with community environment lowest (38.7±18.0). Family environment significantly positively influenced low-intensity PA (LPA) (β=0.102, P<0.001) but negative effect on moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (β=-0.055, P=0.035). Community and policy environment positively impacted MVPA (β=0.216, P<0.001; β=0.072, P=0.009, respectively). Family environment positively affected BMI reduction (β=-0.103, P<0.001) but negatively grip strength (β=-0.063, P=0.018). Community environment significantly improved grip strength and 20-mSRT performance (β=0.088, P=0.002; β=0.065, P=0.027).
Conclusions: This study reveals that policy environment directly and positively influence MVPA among Chinese youth. Although school environment score highest, they show no significant association with PA or PF. Family environment is conducive to LPA but inversely related to MVPA, while positively impacting BMI reduction and negatively affecting grip strength development. In contrast, community environment, despite scoring the lowest, positively affect MVPA, grip strength, and 20-mSRT outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of policy, family, and community environments in influencing youth PA and PF, advocating for the improvement of community sports infrastructure and the promotion of MVPA benefits within families.