bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge management for corporate entrepreneurship and growth: a case study
Authors: Guadamillas Fátima , Donate Mario J. , Pablo Jesús D. Sánchez de 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study presents a case of corporate entrepreneurship analyzed from a Knowledge‐based perspective as an extension of the Resource‐based View (RBV) of the firm. This approach proposes that the development of knowledge can underpin the growth of the firm through corporate entrepreneurship. Following this perspective, we analyze the way an established firm uses resources and capabilities, especially its accumulated knowledge, as a foundation on which to develop a growth strategy through diversification to related businesses in the fields of electronics and Information Technology (IT). Moreover, we identify some of the most important factors contributing to the success of this strategy, such as the internal development and integration of relevant technological knowledge, human resources (HR) policies, organizational flexibility, knowledge management tools based on IT, and purchase of companies and cooperation agreements for the acquisition of external knowledge. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Susceptibility of pRb‐deficient epidermis to chemical skin carcinogenesis is dependent on the p107 allele dosage
Authors: Santos Mirentxu , Ruiz Sergio , Lara M. Fernanda , Segrelles Carmen , Moral Marta , Martínez‐Cruz Ana Belén , Ballestín Claudio , Lorz Corina , García‐Escudero Ramón , Paramio Jesús M. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFunctional inactivation of the pRb‐dependent pathway is a general feature of human cancer. However, only a reduced spectrum of tumors displays inactivation of the Rb gene. This can be attributed, at least partially, to the possible overlapping functions carried out by the related retinoblastoma family members p107 and p130. We observed that loss of pRb in epidermis, using the Cre/LoxP technology, results in proliferation and differentiation defects. These alterations are partially compensated by the elevation in the levels of p107. Moreover, epidermis lacking pRb and p107, but not pRb alone, develops spontaneous tumors, and double deficient primary keratinocytes are highly susceptible to Ha‐ras‐induced transformation. Two‐stage chemical carcinogenesis experiments in mice lacking pRb in epidermis revealed a reduced susceptibility in papilloma formation and an increase in the malignant conversion. We have now explored whether the loss of one p107 allele, inducing a decrease in the levels of p107 up to normal levels could restore the susceptibility of pRb‐deficient skin to two‐stage protocol. We observed partial restoration in the incidence, number, and size of tumors. However, there is no increased malignancy despite sustained p53 activation. We also observed a partial reduction in the levels of proapoptotic proteins in benign papillomas. These data confirm our previous suggestions on the role of p107 as a tumor suppressor in epidermis in the absence of pRb. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Emotional speech in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Möbes Janine , Joppich Gregor , Stiebritz Frank , Dengler Reinhard , Schröder Christine 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPatients with Parkinson's disease (PD) tend to speak monotonously with minor modulation of pitch and intensity. The goal of this study was to find out whether these speech changes can be explained mainly by motor impairment, i.e. akinesia and rigidity of the articulatory apparatus, or whether alterations of emotional processing play an additional role. Sixteen patients with mild PD and 16 healthy controls (HC) were compared. Fundamental frequencies (pitch) and intensities (loudness) were determined as (1) maximal upper and lower values achieved in nonemotional speech (phonation capacity), (2) upper and lower values used when speaking “Anna” in emotional intonation (neutral, sad, happy) as requested (production task), or (3) when imitating a professional speaker (imitation task). Although groups did not significantly differ in their phonation capacity, patients showed a significantly smaller pitch and intensity range than HC in the production task. In the imitation task, however, ranges were again similar. These results suggest that alterations of emotional processing contribute to speech changes in PD, especially regarding emotional prosody, in addition to motor impairment. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Validation of the “QUICK” questionnaire—A tool for diagnosis of “wearing‐off” in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Tolosa Eduardo , Hernandez Basilio , Badia Xavier ,   ValidQUICK Study Group
Published: February 2008

AbstractThe main objective of the present study was to test the validity of a 19‐items instrument (QUICK Questionnaire, QQ) as a tool for screening of WO. Two hundred twenty‐two patients (36.0% without WO; 64.0% with mild or moderate/severe WO) were included. Diagnosis of WO by the participant neurologist was considered the “gold standard.” The complete Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale battery, the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale‐Geriatrics, and a form about WO presence and severity were completed by the neurologist. Patients independently completed the QQ just before the clinical assessment. As a whole, patients with WO were more disabled than patients without and patients with moderate/severe WO were in worse condition than patients with mild WO. The number of QQ symptoms declared to improve usually after the following dose of medication was 1.0 ± 1.8 in the group without WO, but 6.0 ± 3.8 in patients with WO (P < 0.001). A two QQ positive symptoms cut‐off showed the following attributes: sensitivity, 88%; specificity, 80%; positive predictive value, 88.7%; negative predictive value, 79%; diagnostic accuracy, 85%; positive and negative likelihood ratios 4.4 and 0.15, respectively. The area under the ROC curve resulted 0.90 (CI95%: 0.86–0.94%). In summary, the QQ proved to be a valid screening tool to identify WO in PD patients. To our knowledge, the QQ is the only validated tool for diagnosis of WO. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Huntington's disease as caused by 34 CAG repeats
Authors: Andrich Jürgen , Arning Larissa , Wieczorek Stefan , Kraus Peter H. , Gold Ralf , Saft Carsten 
Published: February 2008

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an abnormal expansion of a polymorphic stretch of CAG repeats in the coding 5′ part of the HD gene on chromosome 4p. Expansions of CAG blocks beyond 35 repeats are associated with the clinical presentation of HD. There is an intermediate range of rare alleles between 27 and 35 CAG repeats with a higher risk for further expansion in subsequent generations. Here, we report a 75‐year‐old male with clinical features of HD and 34 CAG repeat units. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
Discriminating raining from non‐raining cloud areas at mid‐latitudes using meteosat second generation SEVIRI night‐time data
Authors: Thies B. , Nauss T. , Bendix J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractA new method for the delineation of precipitation during night‐time using multispectral satellite data is proposed. The approach is not only applicable to the detection of mainly convective precipitation by means of the commonly used relation between infrared cloud‐top temperature and rainfall probability but enables also the detection of stratiform precipitation (e.g. in connection with mid‐latitude frontal systems).The presented scheme is based on the conceptual model that precipitating clouds are characterized by a combination of particles large enough to fall, an adequate vertical extension [both represented by the cloud water path (CWP)], and the existence of ice particles in the upper part of the cloud. As no operational retrieval exists for Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) to compute the CWP during night‐time, suitable combinations of brightness temperature differences (ΔT) between the thermal bands of Meteosat Second Generation‐Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (MSG SEVIRI, ΔT3.9–10.8, ΔT3.9–7.3, ΔT8.7–10.8, ΔT10.8–12.1) are used to infer implicit information about the CWP and to compute a rainfall confidence level. ΔT8.7–10.8 and ΔT10.8–12.1 are particularly considered to supply information about the cloud phase.Rain area delineation is realized by using a minimum threshold of the rainfall confidence. To obtain a statistical transfer function between the rainfall confidence and the channel differences, the value combination of the channel differences is compared with ground‐based radar data. The retrieval is validated against independent radar data not used for deriving the transfer function and shows an encouraging performance as well as clear improvements compared to existing optical retrieval techniques using only IR thresholds for cloud‐top temperature. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Ultra‐fast and accurate assessment of cardiac function in rats using accelerated MRI at 9.4 Tesla
Authors: Schneider Jürgen E. , Lanz Titus , Barnes Hannah , Medway Debra , Stork Lee‐Anne , Lygate Craig A. , Smart Sean , Griswold Mark A. , Neubauer Stefan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractMRI can accurately and reproducibly assess cardiac function in rodents but requires relatively long imaging times. Therefore, parallel imaging techniques using a 4‐element RF‐coil array and MR sequences for cardiac MRI in rats were implemented at ultra‐high magnetic fields (9.4 Tesla [T]). The hypothesis that these developments would result in a major reduction in imaging time without loss of accuracy was tested on female Wistar rats under isoflurane anesthesia. High‐resolution, contiguous short‐axis slices (thickness 1.5 mm) were acquired covering the entire heart. Two interleaved data sets (i) with the volume coil (eight averages) and (ii) with the four‐element coil array (one average) were obtained. In addition, two‐, three‐, and fourfold accelerated data sets were generated through postprocessing of the coil array data, followed by a TGRAPPA reconstruction, resulting in five data sets per rat (in‐plane voxel size 100 × 100 μm). Using a single blinded operator, excellent agreement was obtained between volume coil (acquisition time: 88 min) and the fourfold accelerated (<3 min) data sets (e.g., LV mass 436 ± 21 mg vs 433 ± 19 mg; ejection fraction 74 ± 5% vs 75 ± 4%). This finding demonstrates that it is possible to complete a rat cine‐MRI study under 3 min with low variability and without losing temporal or spatial resolution, making high throughput screening programs feasible. Magn Reson Med 59:636–641, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metabolic markers of neuronal injury correlate with SIV CNS disease severity and inoculum in the macaque model of neuroAIDS
Authors: Lentz Margaret R. , Westmoreland Susan V. , Lee Vallent , Ratai Eva‐Maria , Halpern Elkan F. , González R. Gilberto 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn vivo MR spectroscopy (MRS) studies have shown reductions in NAA/Cr levels in patients with severe neurocognitive deficits due to AIDS dementia complex (ADC), also known as neuroAIDS. The relationship between the cellular changes within the brain during neuroAIDS and the role of NAA/Cr as a metabolic marker remains unclear. In order to clarify the relationship between NAA/Cr and disease severity we utilized the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)/macaque model of encephalitis. High‐field proton MRS was performed on extracted metabolites from frontal cortex tissue samples of 29 rhesus macaques (6 healthy, 23 moribund with AIDS). Neuropathologic determination of encephalitis severity for each animal was completed and was found to correlate with NAA/Cr levels. Decreases in Glu/Cr and GABA/Cr may indicate that both excitatory and inhibitory neurons are affected. Highly significant correlations between NAA/Cr, Glu/Cr, and GABA/Cr were observed. These neuronal metabolites were also decreased in the absence of classical SIV encephalitis (SIVE). At any disease classification, animals inoculated with SIVmac251 were found to have lower levels of NAA/Cr than animals inoculated with SIVmac239. In considering therapy for neuroAIDS the findings here support prevention of the encephalitic process, but suggest that suppressing the formation of multinucleated giant cells alone would be insufficient to prevent neuronal injury. Magn Reson Med 59:475–484, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decontamination of hypercubes by mobile agents
Authors: Flocchini Paola , Huang Miao Jun , Luccio Flaminia L. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractIn this article we consider the decontamination problem in a hypercube network of size n. The nodes of the network are assumed to be contaminated and they have to be decontaminated by a sufficient number of agents. An agent is a mobile entity that asynchronously moves along the network links and decontaminates all the nodes it touches. A decontaminated node that is not occupied by an agent is re‐contaminated if it has a contaminated neighbor. We consider some variations of the model based on the capabilities of mobile agents: locality, where the agents can only access local information; visibility, where they can “see” the state of their neighbors; and cloning, where they can create copies of themselves. We also consider synchronicity as an alternative system requirement. For each model, we design a decontamination strategy and we make several observations. For agents with locality, our strategy is based on the use of a coordinator that leads the other agents. Our strategy results in an optimal number of agents, $\Theta ({n \over \sqrt{\log n}})$, and requires O(n log n) moves and O(n log n) time steps. For agents with visibility, we assume that the agents can move autonomously. In this setting, our decontamination strategy achieves an optimal time complexity (log n time steps), but the number of agents increases to $ {n \over 2}$. Finally, we show that when the agents have the capability to clone combined with either visibility or synchronicity, we can reduce the move complexity—which becomes optimal—at the expense of an increase in the number of agents. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
Cyclic sums, network sharing, and restricted edge cuts in graphs with long cycles
Authors: Rautenbach Dieter , Volkmann Lutz 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe study graphs G = (V,E) containing a long cycle which for given integers a1, a2,…,ak ∈
\input amssym ${\Bbb N}$
have an edge cut whose removal results in k components with vertex sets V1,V2,…,Vk such that |Vi| ≥ ai for 1 ≤ i ≤ k. Our results closely relate to problems and recent research in network sharing and network reliability. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
An efficient reduced‐order modeling approach for non‐linear parametrized partial differential equations
Authors: Nguyen N. C. , Peraire J. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractFor general non‐linear parametrized partial differential equations (PDEs), the standard Galerkin projection is no longer efficient to generate reduced‐order models. This is because the evaluation of the integrals involving the non‐linear terms has a high computational complexity and cannot be pre‐computed. This situation also occurs for linear equations when the parametric dependence is nonaffine. In this paper, we propose an efficient approach to generate reduced‐order models for large‐scale systems derived from PDEs, which may involve non‐linear terms and nonaffine parametric dependence. The main idea is to replace the non‐linear and nonaffine terms with a coefficient‐function approximation consisting of a linear combination of pre‐computed basis functions with parameter‐dependent coefficients. The coefficients are determined efficiently by an inexpensive and stable interpolation at some pre‐computed points. The efficiency and accuracy of this method are demonstrated on several test cases, which show significant computational savings relative to the standard Galerkin projection reduced‐order approach. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trends in treatment‐related deaths (TRDs) in childhood cancer and leukemia over time: A follow‐up of patients included in the childhood cancer registry of the Rhône‐Alpes region in France (ARCERRA)
Authors: Freycon Fernand , Trombert‐Paviot Béatrice , Casagranda Léonie , Bertrand Yves , Plantaz Dominique , Marec‐Bérard Perrine 
Published: February 2008

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed the number and causes of treatment‐related deaths (TRDs) in childhood cancer over time and correlated them with adherence to therapeutic guidelines.ProcedureWe compared two cohorts of children of the Childhood Cancer Registry of the Rhône‐Alpes Region: Cohort I (1987–1992, 909 patients) and Cohort II (1996–1999, 648 patients).ResultsIn all cancers together, 75 TRDs were reported in Cohort I and 24 in Cohort II (P = 0.001). Cumulative incidence at 5 years declined from 7.9% to 4.1%, and overall survival (OS) increased from 71.0% to 77.2%. TRDs declined by nearly 10‐fold in patients with solid malignant tumors (P = 0.02) and central nervous system tumors (P = 0.001), but OS improved for patients with solid malignant tumors only (P = 0.01). No difference was observed in treatment‐ and transplantation‐related deaths in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), but OS was better in patients with AML (P = 0.02). Between the two cohorts, transplantation‐related mortality did not decrease and was higher at 5 years in patients with ALL who received unrelated‐matched donor transplants (41.3%) than in those receiving sibling‐matched donor transplants (18.7%). OS improved in the respective transplant groups (37.0% and 64.2%). Severe graft‐versus‐host disease was also observed among patients with ALL (P = 0.036). The decrease in TRDs was correlated with compliance to therapeutic guidelines.ConclusionAlthough mortality declined, improved adherence to therapeutic guidelines and more restricted indications of allograft are needed to preclude further treatment‐ and transplantation‐related deaths, particularly among those with leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:1213–1220. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hyperleukocytosis from arsenic trioxide
Authors: Levy Michael , Wofford Marcia M. , Powell Bayard L. , McLean Thomas W. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractWe report the case of a 14‐year‐old male treated with arsenic trioxide for recurrent acute promyelocytic leukemia. He developed hyperleukocytosis (WBC 111.6 × 109/L) which then resolved while continuing daily arsenic. Hyperleukocytosis without other complications may not be an indication for adding cytotoxic therapy or steroids, nor for discontinuing arsenic trioxide therapy in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:1265–1267. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simulation of the residual stresses in the contour laser welding of thermoplastics
Authors: Potente H. , Wilke L. , Ridder H. , Mahnken R. , Shaban A. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article presents the influence of the process parameters in laser transmission welding for plastics on the residual stress in the welded part. The contour welding process is modeled by means of finite element (FE) simulation. In this process, the weld seam is only partially heated, i.e., only part of it melts. The calculations are performed using a material model that describes the time‐dependent temperature and stress development in a plate geometry, making allowance for the material's asymmetric compressive‐tensile behavior. Experimental data were measured under different load cases to present the time‐dependent material behavior, and then implemented in numerical terms by formulating the necessary constitutive equations. The calculations to simulate the influence of process parameters on the residual stress behavior were performed using a finite element model that was developed. The simulation covers the entire welding process, including the heating and cooling stages. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Mixed methods research in school psychology: A mixed methods investigation of trends in the literature
Authors: Powell Heather , Mihalas Stephanie , Onwuegbuzie Anthony J. , Suldo Shannon , Daley Christine E. 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis article illustrates the utility of mixed methods research (i.e., combining quantitative and qualitative techniques) to the field of school psychology. First, the use of mixed methods approaches in school psychology practice is discussed. Second, the mixed methods research process is described in terms of school psychology research. Third, the current state of affairs with respect to mixed methods designs in school psychology research is illustrated through a mixed methods analysis of the types of empirical studies published in the four leading school psychology journals between 2001 and 2005. Only 13.7% of these studies were classified as representing mixed methods research. We conclude that this relatively small proportion likely reflects the fact that only 3.5% of graduate‐level school psychology programs appear to require that students enroll in one or more qualitative and/or mixed methods research courses, and only 19.3% appear to offer one or more qualitative courses as an elective. Finally, the utility of mixed methods research is illustrated by critiquing select monomethod (i.e., qualitative or quantitative) and mixed methods studies conducted on the increasingly important topic of bullying. We demonstrate how using mixed methods techniques results in richer data being collected, leading to a greater understanding of underlying phenomena. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender matters in transition to adulthood: A survey study of adolescents with disabilities and their families
Authors: Powers Kristin , Hogansen Jennifer , Geenen Sarah , Powers Laurie E. , Gil‐Kashiwabara Eleanor 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis survey study explored gender differences in transition imperatives and opportunities for youth with disabilities (N = 521). Results indicated that males and females differ in terms of the adult outcomes they hope to achieve, transition training opportunities they have received, and their access to teachers and other nonfamilial adults to assist them. Youth and parents who responded to the survey indicated that gender stereotypes continue to exist and that these stereotypes result in lowered expectations for girls. Gender stereotypes were found to vary by ethnicity. Access to health insurance and a good doctor were rated as top priorities for all youth transitioning to adulthood. Implications for educators, psychologists, and counselors are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationships among stress, coping, and mental health in high‐achieving high school students
Authors: Suldo Shannon M. , Shaunessy Elizabeth , Hardesty Robin 
Published: February 2008

AbstractThis study investigates the relationships among stress, coping, and mental health in 139 students participating in an International Baccalaureate (IB) high school diploma program. Mental health was assessed using both positive indicators (life satisfaction, academic achievement, academic self‐efficacy) and negative indicators (psychopathology) of adolescent social‐emotional and school functioning. Findings include that students in an IB program perceive significantly more stress than a sample of 168 of their general education peers, and that specific coping styles are differentially related to mental health outcomes in this subgroup of high‐achieving high school students. Furthermore, coping styles (specifically, anger and positive appraisal) moderate the influence of stress on global life satisfaction and internalizing symptoms of psychopathology. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemische Reaktion perfekt kontrolliert
Authors: Dürr Stephan 
Published: February 2008

AbstractPhysiker am Max‐Planck‐Institut für Quantenoptik können das Zustandekommen einer chemischen Bindung zwischen zwei Atomen voll kontrollieren. Dabei kommt es zu quantenmechanischen Oszillationen zwischen ungebundenen Atompaaren und gebundenen Molekülen.