bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Random Cayley graphs and expanders
Authors: Alon Noga , Roichman Yuval 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFor every 1 > δ > 0 there exists ac=c(δ) > 0 such that for every groupGof ordern, and for a setSofc(δ) lognrandom elements in the group, the expected value of the second largest eigenvalue of the normalized adjacency matrix of the Cayley graphX(G, S)is at most (1 ‐ δ). This implies that almost every such a graph is an ϵ(δ)‐expander. For Abelian groups this is essentially tight, and explicit constructions can be given in some cases. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Approximating the permanent: A simple approach
Authors: Rasmussen Lars Eilstrup 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn this article, we present an efficient and very simple unbiased estimator for the Permanent of square (0–1) matrices. As the main result, we prove that our estimator, even though its worst case behavior is provably very bad, runs in time polynomial in the size of the input matrix for almost all matrices. We also generalize our technique and apply it to another enumeration problem, that of counting Hamilton cycles in directed graphs. The ease with which this was done suggests that the basic technique may have wide applicability. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Finding hidden hamiltonian cycles
Authors: Broder Andrei Z. , Frieze Alan M. , Shamir Eli 
Published: June 2007

AbstractConsider a random graph G composed of a Hamiltonian cycle on n labeled vertices and dn random edges that “high” the cycle. Is it possible to unravel the structures, that is, to efficiently find a Himiltonian cycle in G? We describe an O(n3 log n)‐step algorithm A for this purpose, and prove that it succeeds almost surely. Part one of A properly covers the “trouble spots” of G by a collection of disjoint paths. (This is the hard part to analyze). Part two of A extends this cover to a full cycle by the rotation‐extension technique which is already classical for such problems. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Brownian bridge asymptotics for random mappings
Authors: Aldous David J. , Pitman Jim 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUniform random mappings of an n‐element set to itself have been much studied in the combinatorial literature. We introduce a new technique, which starts by specifying a coding of mappings as walks with ± 1 steps. The uniform random mapping is thereby coded as a nonuniform random walk, and our main result is that as n→∞ the random walk rescales to reflecting Brownian bridge. This result encompasses a large number of limit theorems for “global” characteristics of uniform random mappings. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Physicochemical and Morphological Characteristics of Nixtamalized Maize Starch
Authors: Méndez‐Montealvo Guadalupe , Trejo‐Espino José L. , Paredes‐López Octavio , Bello‐Pérez Luis A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe effect of nixtamalization on physicochemical and morphological characteristics of starch was studied. Determination of total starch, ash and amylose content, of swelling and solubility, gelatinization characteristics and morphological studies were carried out in starch isolated from native (S) and nixtamalized (NS) maize flours. Thermal analysis showed that nixtamalization produced starch annealing due to the higher gelatinization temperature obtained for NS. However, S had slightly lower enthalpy values. The swelling profile was similar for both starches, but the solubility values at the temperatures assessed were slightly higher in the NS samples. At temperatures below gelatinization, the granules showed the Maltese cross while at higher temperatures only ghost of granules were observed. The nixtamalized starch had larger granule sizes than the native starch, due to the partial swelling produced in the heating during the nixtamalization process. Larger granule sizes were also observed by image analysis, because major axis and area parameters were higher in NS samples than in S samples. The nixtamalization process produced changes in chemical, thermal and morphological characteristics, becoming important in products obtained from nixtamalized maize.
Synergetically Acting new Flocculants on the Basis of Starch‐graft‐Poly(acrylamide)‐co‐Sodium Xanthate
Authors: Hao Xuekui , Chang Qing , Duan Lili , Zhang Yongzhi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA synergetically acting new flocculant on the basis of starch‐graft‐poly(acrylamide)‐co‐sodium xanthate (CSAX) was synthesized by grafting copolymerization of crosslinked corn starch, acrylamide (AM), and sodium xanthate, using epichlorohydrin (EPI) as cross‐linking agent and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as polymerization initiator in aqueous solution. The effects of some factors, such as crosslinker, initiator, AM, NaOH, on the %Tr (turbidity removal rate), %Trd (turbidity removal rate of a water sample which has both turbidity and heavy metal ions %Hr (heavy metal ion removal rate) and %Hrd (heavy metal ions removal rate of water which has both heavy metal ions and turbidity), are investigated. As proven by FTIR and elemental analysis, the CSAX can be successfully synthesized and can remove both turbidity‐causing substances and heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Under optimum synthesis conditions CSAX exhibits excellent performance, i.e. %Tr = 98%, %Trd = 98.4%, %Hrd = 99% and %Hr = 91.6%, respectively.
Effects of Osmotic Pressure on the Crosslinking Reaction of Tapioca Starch
Authors: Varavinit Saiyavit , Paisanjit Worachat , Tukomane Tuangporn , Pukkahuta Chirdchan 
Published: June 2007

AbstractTapioca starch was crosslinked with 0.1 % sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) in the presence of alkali and of osmotic pressure enhancing salts such as sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. The addition of various percentages of sodium sulfate to the crosslinking reaction mixture changed the pasting properties of the product starch as measured in the RVA (Rapid Visco Analyser). Peak viscosity (PV) and final viscosity (FV) are first increased with the increase in osmotic pressure followed by a decrease of the viscosities after further pressure increase. Breakdown (BD) is decreased in line with the increase of the osmotic pressure with very good correlation (R2 = 0.96). These pasting characteristics are attributed to the inhibited swelling without disruption of the starch granules due to the crosslinking reaction. If sodium chloride is used as an osmotic pressure enhancer of the crosslinking reaction, both pasting properties (PV, FV) decrease linearly with the increase in osmotic pressure with very good correlation (R2 = 0.98 and 0.99, respectively). The BD is dramatically decreased to zero (no breakdown) after applying the osmotic pressure and remains zero after further increase in osmotic pressure. These properties are also attributed to the pasting characteristics of the crosslinked starch. The increase in pasting temperature (PT) with increasing osmotic pressure for both sodium sulfate and sodium chloride demonstrates the increase of the gelatinization temperature of the starch granules. The enhancement of the osmotic pressure can promote the activity of the crosslinking agent.
Optimal drug and behavior therapy for treatment‐refractory institutionalized schizophrenics
Authors: Kuehnel Timothy G. , Liberman Robert P. , Marshall Barringer D. , Bowen Linda 
Published: June 2007

AbstractInstitutionalized persons with a deteriorating form of schizophrenia that was refractory to neuroleptic medication were titrated downward in their haloperidol dose. Based on ratings of their clinical status, an optimal dose was reached that was an average 66 percent reduction from their initial levels. Patients then participated in a personalized, intensive behavior therapy program to remediate their extreme, persisting deficits and disturbances in behavior.
LAMP in L.A.'s skid row: A model for community‐based support services
Authors: Lowery Mollie 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn most states, we reneged on our promise to provide communitybased program support to persons deinstitutionalized from psychiatric hospitals. Now many people are blaming those with mental illness for their failure to thrive and have begun creating new laws and methods for reinstitutionalization. This chapter describes a community‐based program that is demonstrably effective. It involves the full participation of homeless people diagnosed with mental illness and attests to what can work.
Prevention of violence
Authors: Bell Caul C. , Fink Paul Jay 
Published: June 2007

AbstractRebuilding the village, increasing access to health, improving bonding and attachment dynamics, providing opportunities to increase self‐esteem and social shills enhancing the adult protective shield, and minimizing the impact of trauma are presented as basic principles to change health behavior: The intent of putting these principles into practice is to strengthen the two hey support systems of children, the family and the school, so that they can provide primary prevention of violence.
Community treatment of severely mentally ill offenders under the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system: A review
Authors: Lamb H. Richard , Weinberger Linda E. , Gross Bruce H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCommunity treatment of severely mentally ill offenders who fall under the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system has important differences from treatment of non‐offenders. It is critical to identify a treatment philosophy that strikes a balance between individual rights and public safety and includes clear treatment goals.
X–ray Single Crystal Structure and Raman Spectrum of Ammonium Hexafluoroarsenate
Authors: Goreshnik E. , Mazej Z. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe structure of ammonium hexafluoroarsenate, NH4AsF6, has been determined by X‐ray diffraction using a single crystal grown from saturated solution in anhydrous HF. NH4AsF6 crystallizes rhombohedral with the KOsF6 structure type, with a = 7.459(3) Å, c = 7.543(3) Å (at 200 K), Z = 3, space group $R{\bar 3}$ (No. 148). No phase transition was observed in the 100 K–296 K temperature range. The structure is dominated by regular AsF6 octahedra and disordered NH4+ cations. Raman spectrum of a single crystal of NH4AsF6 shows the bands at 372 cm−1, 572 cm−1, 687 cm−1 (AsF6−) and at 3240 cm−1 and 3360 cm−1 (NH4+).
The Intrinsic Shape of the cubic cP124 Clathrate Structure
Authors: von Schnering Hans Georg , Zürn Anke , Chang Jen‐Hui , Baitinger Michael , Grin Yuri 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIt is shown how the Periodic Nodal Surface PNS D*&Y** separates perfectly the two partial structures of the cubic cP124 type. Condensed metal‐centered [M@E20] pentagonal dodecahedra of covalently bonded E atoms form a 3‐connected net. This partial structure is embedded in a zeolite‐type labyrinth containing chains of the remaining metal atoms. The shape of this ensemble represents the principle of the intrinsic curvature of solids. The relations of the structure to the β‐manganese structure are discussed in detail. Furthermore, some details concerning the electron balance in the covalent E100 net are reported.
Organoalkoxochlorogallane
Authors: Chamazi Navabeeh Nami , Heravi Majid M. , Neumüller Bernhard 
Published: June 2007

AbstractOrganoalkoxochlorogallanesMe2GaCl was treated with nBuOH and iBuOH in a molar ration of 1:2, respectively. However, only one equivalent of the alcohol reacted with MeGaCl2 to give [MeGa(Cl)OnBu]3 (1) or [MeGa(Cl)OiBu]3 (2). 1 and 2 were characterized by NMR and IR techniques as well as by X‐ray structure determinations. According to that 1 and 2 form trimers in solution and the solid state. In solution both isomers Cs and C3v were observed while the trimers exist only as Cs isomers in the solid state which exhibit strongly distorted boat conformations with a disorder of the Cl/Me position at one of the gallium atoms.
Reaktion von (R,R)‐(N,N′)‐Diisopropylcyclohexyl‐1,2‐diamin mit Me2MCl (M = Ga, In)
Authors: Chamazi Navabeeh Nami , Heravi Majid M. , Breyhan Thees , Neumüller Bernhard 
Published: June 2007

AbstractReaction of (R,R)‐(N,N′)‐Diisopropylcyclohexyl‐1,2‐diamine with Me2MCl (M = Ga, In)(R,R)‐(N,N′)‐Diisopropylcyclohexyl‐1,2‐diamine (H2L) was reacted with Me2GaCl and Me2InCl in boiling toluene, respectively. In both cases the salt [Me2M(H2L)][Me2MCl2] [M = Ga (1), In (2)] was formed. 1 and 2 were characterized by NMR and vibrational spectroscopy. In addition, an X‐ray structure determination was applied on 2. According to the spectroscopical and structural findings 1 and 2 consist of cations [Me2M(H2L)]+ and anions [Me2MCl2]−.
Single Crystal of a Prussian Blue Analog based on Rubidium Manganese Hexacyanoferrate
Authors: Tokoro Hiroko , Shiro Motoo , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA dark brown single crystal of rubidium manganese hexacyanoferrate, Rb0.61Mn[Fe(CN)6]0.87·1.7H2O, was obtained by the slow diffusion method. X‐ray single crystal analysis showed that this compound crystallized in the cubic system of space group $Fm{\bar 3}m$ with cell constants of a = b = c = 10.5354(4) Å, Z = 4, and R1 = 0.0449. The CN groups bridge octahedral FeC6 and MnN0.87O0.13. Rb and non‐coordinated water (so‐called zeolitic water) exist in the interstitial sites of the cubic lattice.
Characterization and Crystal Structure of some Schiff Base Copper(II) Complexes derived from Enantiomeric Pairs of Chiral Amines
Authors: Fernández‐G. Juan M. , Ausbun‐Valdés Cecilia , González‐Guerrero Erika E. , Toscano Rubén A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCopper(II) complexes of three chiral enantiomeric pairs of o‐hydroxy Schiff bases derived from (R)‐(+)‐1‐phenylethylamine and (S)‐(‐)‐1‐phenylethylamine, were prepared and characterized. Elemental analyses, specific rotation, i.r., electronic, cd and mass spectra,and some X‐ray crystal structures were obtained. The X‐ray study of four complexes shows that the geometry around the metal atom is distorted square planar. Epr studies of all these complexes in DMF solution at 77 K suggest that their geometries in solution are slightly different to that observed in the solid state by X‐ray crystallography. Although, cd spectra only show charge transfer absorptions, the data confirm the enantiomeric character of the three pairs of the obtained complexes.
Synthesis, Structure and Selective Chlorination of Bis(N‐borane‐dimethylaminopropyl)telluride
Authors: Beckmann Jens , Fleige Emanuel , Schnurbusch Nicolai 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe reaction of Te powder, NaBH4 and Me2N(CH2)3Cl·HCl provided the title compound [H3BNMe2(CH2)3]2Te (1), whose selective chlorination with SO2Cl2 lead to the formation of [ClH2BNMe2(CH2)3]2TeCl2 (2) and [Cl3BNMe2(CH2)3]2TeCl2 (3), respectively. Compounds 1–3 were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
The Response of Laminar Skin Friction, Temperature and Heat Transfer to Fluctuations in the Stream Velocity in the Presence of a Transverse Magnetic Field I
Authors: Suryaprakasarao U. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractExact solutions are obtained for the flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid in the presence of a transverse magnetic field under the following conditions: (1) the fluid flows past an infinite porous flat plate subjected to uniform suction; (2) the free stream velocity oscillates in magnitude but not in direction; and (3) the magnetic Reynolds number is small. The response of the skin friction, temperature and heat transfer to the fluctuating stream is studied for variations in the magnetic field as well as the frequency of the fluctuating stream. The limiting cases of large frequencies of the fluctuating stream and large magnetic fields are also discussed. It is found that the magnitudes of the skin friction, the wall temperature and the heat flux at the wall increase both with the increase in the magnetic field and the increase in the frequency of the fluctuating stream.
Über Eindeutigkeit und praktische Berechnung der Lösungen von Randwertaufgaben in der Theorie der orthogonal‐anisotropen Platten
Authors: Töpfer Hans‐Joachim 
Published: June 2007

AbstractFür die Differentialgleichung der orthogonal‐anisotropen Platte

wird die Eindeutigkeit der Lösungen gewisser gemischter Randwertaufgaben bewiesen. Das Hilfsmittel ist eine Greensche Formel erster Art.Des weiteren werden Aussagen über die Strucktur einer allgemeinen regulären Lösung gemacht und eine singuläre Grundlösung hergeleitet, die der Definition Greenscher Funktionen zugrunde gelegt wird und mit deren Hilfe man eine Integraldarstellung der Lösungen von Randwertaufgaben bekommt.Ein erprobtes numerisches Verfahren zur Konstruktion regulärer Lösungen von Randwertaufgaben wird beschrieben, das von der Entwickelbarkeit solcher Lösungen nach einem System von Lösungspolynomen Gebrauch macht. Zur Bestimmung der Entwicklungskoeffizienten wird das Verfahren der Randkollokation angewandt.
Instationäre Wärmeleitungsvorgänge in stückweise homogenen Medien
Authors: Engl Walter 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDer Temperatursprung an der Oberfläche von konzentrischen Kugeln und geschichteten Platten wird mit der Methode der Laplace‐Transformation behandelt. Zur Lösung der physikalisch allein interessierenden Frage nach der Zeitdauer des Ausgleichvorganges ist die vollständige Kenntnis des räumlichen Temperaturfeldes nicht erforderlich. Vielmehr braucht man nur die Funktion anzugeben, die das Anwachsen der Temperatur im Kugel‐bzw. Plattenmittelpunkt beschreibt. Diese Spezialisierung kann schon an der Unterfunktion durchgeführt werden, worin der besondere Vorteil der Laplace‐Transformation liegt. Durch eine Messung des Ausgleichsprozesses an geschichteten Platten wird das theoretische Ergebnis gut bestätigt.
Eine einheitliche Darstellung der Lösungen der Tricomischen Gleichung
Authors: Lanckau Eberhard 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie Tricomische Differentialgleichung ist als einfache Differentialgleichung von gemischtem Typ sowohl für rein mathematische Untersuchungen als auch für die näherungsweise Berechnung von Strömungen mit Schalldurchgang bedeutungsvoll. Mit Hilfe der Bergmanschen Operatorenmethode läßt sich aus einer analytischen Funktion („Grundfunktion”︁) durch geeignete Integralausdrücke eine Lösung der Tricomischen Gleichung herstellen. Die bereits in großer Anzahl bekannten Partikularlösungen der Tricomischen Gleichung erweisen sich als einfache Spezialfälle dieser Lösung.
Fehlerabschätzungen mit Hilfe eines Vergleichssatzes
Authors: Schmidt Jochen W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractZur näherungsweisen Lösung der Fixpunktaufgabe wird ein allgemeiner Vergleichssatz formuliert und auf das Polygonzugverfahren bei gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen und auf ein Analogon dazu für das charakteristische Anfangswertproblem bei hyperbolischen Differentialgleichungen angewendet. Es ergeben sich Fehlerabschätzungen [(3.17) und (4.16)], welche nur Größen enthalten, die sich aus der rechten Seite und der Näherungslösung ermitteln lassen.
Das Verhalten wellenförmiger Störungen einer ebenen Poiseuilleschen Strömung bei kleinem Parameter Re α
Authors: Szablewski W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIm Rahmen einer Entwicklung der Lösung der Störungsdifferentialgleichung nach Potenzen des Parameters Re α wird die in Re α lineare Lösung explizit angegeben. Es ergeben sich u. a. das Spektrum der Eigenwerte bzw. der Dämpfung und Phasengeschwindigkeit der Wellen, ferner die mittlere induzierte Schubspannung und die mittlere Verformung des Grundprofils der Strömung.
Rayleigh‐Näherungen für Simultan‐Iteration an betragsgleichen Eigenwerten einer Matrix
Authors: Zurmühl R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBei Iteration an betragsgleichen oder betragsnahen Eigenwerten (Simultan‐Iteration) einer reellen Matrix lassen sich Näherungswerte der dominanten Eigenwerte als Lösungen gewisser Normalgleichungen gewinnen. Für diese Näherungen wird gezeigt, daß sie Rayleigh‐Charakter haben in dem Sinne, daß ihre Fehler von zweiter Ordnung klein sind gegenüber den Vektor‐Verunreinigungen.
General Stability Analysis of Orthotropic Sandwich Panels for four Different Boundary Conditions (Extension of the March‐Ericksen Approach)
Authors: Chang C. C. , Ebcioglu I. K. , Haight C. H. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis work contains a general stability analysis of orthotropic sandwich panels including a revised formulation of the March‐Ericksen energy method as well as the more exact differential equation method. Certain special cases are formulated using the revised March‐Ericksen method and some approximations applicable to this method are indicated. Buckling coefficient curves are plotted for various boundary conditions using the energy method. The appendices give a detailed derivation of the differential equations of the problem and a solution of these equations for the buckling coefficient of a simply‐supported panel.
On a Functional Equation in Finite Deformation
Authors: Seth B. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe finite deformation of a rectangular plate into a cylindrical shell gives rise to a functional equation whose general solution gives a variety of shapes into which the plate can be bent. Particular cases include the known forms which are circular, parabolic and one given by rn cos n θ = an, n = (3 – 2 σ)−1. The elliptic and hyperbolic forms are found possible only for incompressible plates. An incompressible plate can therefore be bent into a cylinder whose section is any given conic. Five new shapes are obtained in terms of elliptic integrals and three in terms of hyperelliptic integrals. It is found that tractions have to be applied to the curved surfaces in addition to the edge forces and couples in all cases except when the form is circular.
The Response of Laminar Skin Friction, Temperature and Heat Transfer to Fluctuations in the Stream Velocity in the Presence of a Transverse Magnetic Field‐II
Authors: Suryaprakasarao U. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractExact solutions are obtained for the flow of a viscous incompressible and electrically conducting fluid in the presence of a transverse magnetic field under the following conditions: (1) the fluid flows past an infinite porous flat plate subjected to uniform suction; (2) the free stream velocity oscillates in magnitude but not in direction; (3) the magnetic Reynolds number is equal to the viscous Reynold number; and (4) the Alfvén velocity is less than the suction velocity. The response of the skin friction, temperature and heat transfer at the plate to the fluctuating stream is studied for the variations in the frequency of the fluctuating stream. It is found that there is an increase in the magnitudes of the skin friction, wall temperature and heat flux at the wall due to an increase in the frequency of the fluctuating stream.
Two Dimensional Flow of Power Law Fluids in the Inlet Length of a Straight Channel
Authors: Kapur J. N. , Gupta R. C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe method of Goldstein [1], Bogue [2] and Schiller [3] has been extended to discuss the two dimensional flow of both pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids in the inlet length of a straight channel. The pressure drop has been obtained and compared with that obtained from kinetic energy end‐correction. Analytical expressions have been obtained for the inlet length and the boundary layer thickness. For certain values of the flow behaviour index, all the results have been illustrated by graphs.
Die Hohlplatte, eine schubweiche Platte
Authors: Giencke Ernst 
Published: June 2007

AbstractAm Beispiel der Hohlplatte wird gezeigt, wie weit die Schubsteifigkeit quer zur Haupttragrichtung das Kräftespiel in einer Platte beeinflußt. Es wird die ringsum gelagerte und die seitlich freie Platte behandelt.