bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of platelet density subpopulations in splenectomized mongrel dogs
Authors: Mezzano Diego , Aranda Eduardo , Foradori Arnaldo , Rodríguez Soledad , Lira Pablo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAutologous 51Cr‐platelet kinetic studies were performed in splenectomized mongrel dogs. Mean survival time of PRP‐platelets was 5.4 ± 1.5 (SD) days (n = 6). The curves, though slightly curvilinear, showed mostly a linear type of decay, denoting that platelet removal from the circulation is mainly determined by aging of the cells. High‐density (HD) and low‐density (LD) platelet cohorts were isolated in Stractan gradients from samples drawn daily after infusion of labeled platelets. Specific radioactivity in HD cohorts declined rapidly postinfusion (T1/2 = 1.3 days), but specific radioactivity in LD platelets increased for 2 days and steadily declined for 4 days thereafter (n = 6). Labeled HD platelets, comprising 11.7% of the total population, lived significantly longer in circulation than LD platelets (19.1% of the total population) (n = 3). The patterns of decay of the radioactivity, however, do not have all the characteristics of pure age‐cohort survival curves; 3.7 days after the infusion of labeled HD platelets, the specific radioactivity in LD cohorts was six times higher than on day 1, but attained only 20% of the initial specific radioactivity in HD platelets. After the infusion of labeled LD platelets no radioactivity was recovered in circulating HD cohorts.These findings indicate that mongrel dog platelets decrease in density with aging, but also that platelet density heterogeneity is in part determined during the thrombopoietic process. These data are consistent with those of other authors in rabbits and rhesus monkeys, but contrast with the observations that platelets in humans, baboons, and Macaca fasicularis monkeys increase in density with age, suggesting that the displacement of platelets toward compartments of either higher or lower density depends on the species under study.
Successful treatment of chronic refractory pure red cell aplasia with antithymocyte globulin: Correlation with in vitro erythroid culture studies
Authors: Mangan Kenneth F. , Shadduck Richard K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo contrasting cases of chronic refractory pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) responsive to a commercial preparation of horse antihuman thymocyte globulin (ATG) are reported. Both cases were refractory to trials of cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids, and plasmapheresis. One patient developed a reticulocytosis after a single intravenous infusion of ATG; the other patient responded after administration of 14.7 g of ATG over a 28‐day course. At presentation, erythroid progenitors (CFU‐E and BFU‐E) in one patient were normal; in the second patient, the number of erythroid progenitors was severely reduced. Neither patient had a serum IgG inhibitor to progenitor cells as judged by in vitro erythroid colony studies. Both patients had increased numbers of marrow T‐cells and co‐culture studies in one case were consistent with T‐cell‐mediated suppression of erythropoiesis. These studies confirm that ATG is a useful agent in the treatment of refractory PRCA. However, ATG may not act by removal of T suppressor cells in all cases.
Spurious automated red cell values in warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Weiss Gary B. , Besman J. David 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with warm autoantibodies to their red cells had a mean cell volume artifactually elevated by red cell agglutination. Red cell size distribution histograms directly showed doublets and triplets of normal‐size red cells. This phenomenon is similar to the spurious macrocytosis previously reported due to cold agglutinins, but was not reversible by warming.
Erythrocyte membrane phosphorylation in aging rats
Authors: Kumar Raj 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), the protein profile and autophosphorylation of plasma membranes of red cells from 3‐, 9‐, 18‐, and 30‐month‐old rats was examined. No major changes in SDS‐PAGE protein profiles were noticeable. However, endogenous (auto) and exogenous phosphorylation in the presence of (γ−32P)ATP showed an age‐dependent increase in 32P utake. pH optimum was between 8.0 and 9.0 for all age groups. Cyclic AMP was without effect on either endogenous or exogenous phosphorylation. Further analysis of the autophosphorylation reaction by quantification of autoradiograms obtained from SDS‐PAGE gels displayed an age‐dependent increase in phosphorylation of bands 2, 3, 4.1, and 4.5 [nomenclature of Fairbanks et al. Biochemistry 10:2606, 1971] and of several other minor bands. The data imply that alteration in red cell membranes may occur during aging of rats causing an enhancement in endogenous kinase activity and possibly in the number of phosphate acceptor sites as well.
Reproducibility of the French‐American‐British classification of acute Leukemia: The southwest oncology group experience
Authors: Head David R. , Savage Richard A. , Cerezo Lizardo , Craven Catherine M. , Bickers John N. , Hartsock Robert , Hosty Thomas A. , Saiki John H. , Wilson Henry E. , Morrison Francis S. , Coltman Charles A. , Hutton John J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAfter initial French‐American‐British (FAB) diagnosis by a multiinstitutional Southwest Oncology Group panel, slides of acute leukemia cases were recirculated to panel members for second review. The reproducibility of the FAB classification is analyzed. The classification is reproducible in the 70% range in panel reviewer hands and allows remarkable reproducibility in the morphologic and cytochemical distinction of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) from acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The limitations of a morphologic and cytochemical classification of acute leukemia are discussed. A simplification of the FAB system, merging M1, M2, and M4 as M7, is proposed; this simplification improves the system's reproducibility.
Intravenous gammaglobulin in refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura: Efficacy with or without concomitant steroid therapy
Authors: Abrams Ross A. , Aster Richard , Anderson Tom 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) refractory to conventional management with steroids and splenectomy were treated with 5‐day courses of intravenous gamma globulin (Gamimune‐Cutter), 400 mg/kg/day. Improvement was observed in both cases even while steroids were being tapered. In each case when thrombocytopenia subsequently recurred or worsened, further therapy with IV gamma globulin without concomitant steroids was followed by definite increase in platelet numbers. These observations confirm that the Cutter preparation of IV gamma globulin is efficacious in the management of refractory ITP and suggest that in this clinical setting response to IV gamma globulins can occur without concomitant administration of corticosteroids.
Some studies with a monoclonal antibody directed against human fibrinogen
Authors: Francis Susan E. , Joshua Douglas E. , Exner Thomas , Kronenberg Harry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSome properties of a monoclonal antibody generated against the fibrinogen component of a factor VIII preparation were investigated. The antibody bound with equal affinity in solid phase radioimmunoassays to fibrinogens isolated from both normal patients and patients with von Willebrand disease. It reacted in a sensitive immunoassay of plasma fibrinogen. The specificity of the antibody was confined to the parent molecule with no significant inhibition of fibrinogen binding by the fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) X, Y, D, or E. The antibody had no significant effect on the activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time of normal plasma. However, it prolonged the thrombin time as determined by the Clauss chronometric fibrinogen method. During fibrinogen lysis by plasmin immunoreactivity of fibrinogen to the antibody was lost at the same rate as the clottable fibrinogen content determined by the Clauss assay. The lack of reactivity of the antibody with FDPs makes it a suitable reagent for investigating plasmin activity as well as studying fibrinogen and fibrin. These findings suggest that the epitope of the antibody lies within the polar protruberance of the carboxy terminal end of the Aα chain of fibrinogen and is destroyed by plasmin cleavage.
Botrocetin‐ and polybrene‐induced platelet aggregation in platelet‐type von willebrand disease
Authors: Takahashi Hoyu , Nagayama Reizo , Hattori Akira , Shibata Akira 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt has been reported that botrocetin, a Bothrops venom factor, induces platelet aggregation dependent on von Willebrand factor (vWF), and that platelet aggregation induced by Polybrene, a synthetic polycation, is enhanced by vWF. This report describes the platelet aggregability on stimulation with botrocetin and Polybrene in four patients with platelet‐type von Willebrand disease (vWD) who showed increased platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ristocetin as the result of a platelet abnormality. Enhanced platelet aggregability with botrocetin was observed in platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) from the patients. Platelet aggregation induced by botrocetin in a mixture of normal washed platelets and patient plasma was either decreased or normal, being dependent on the amount of plasma vWF. In contrast with ristocetin and botrocetin, Polybrene did not cause increased aggregation of patient PRP. Polybrene aggregated normal washed platelets less extensively in the presence of patient plasma than normal plasma. These studies demonstrated that botrocetin induced heightened interaction between platelets and vWF, but Polybrene did not, in platelet‐type vWD, and that the enhanced responsiveness of patient platelets to botrocetin is related to an intrinsic platelet abnormality.
Replacement therapy in platelet‐type von willebrand disease
Authors: Takahashi Hoyu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe response to infusions of cryoprecipitate and factor VIII concentrate was studied in a patient with platelet‐type von Willebrand disease (vWD) who showed lack of the large multimers of von Willebrand factor in plasma, increased platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ristocetin, and in vitro platelet aggregation by normal plasma. The cryoprecipitate and factor VIII concentrate to be infused induced platelet aggregation when added to patient platelet‐rich plasma at concentrations higher than 0.86 U/ml and 3 U/ml of factor VIII‐related antigen (VIIIR:Ag), respectively. Administration of cryoprecipitate (41.9 U VIIIR:Ag/kg body weight) was followed by a shortening of the bleeding time, and hemostasis was achieved during tooth extractions. Factor VIII concentrate (70.2 U VIIIR:Ag/kg) failed to correct the prolonged bleeding time and proved ineffective to control the gum bleeding. No significant diminution of the platelet count was observed following any infusion. These results indicate that cryoprecipitate is hemostatically effective and safe when infused in such a dosage, but factor VIII concentrate is not effective in platelet‐type vWD in analogy to what is observed in various types of vWD.
Interaction between a serum factor and T lymphocytes in gaucher disease
Authors: Bassan Renato , Montanelli Alessandro , Barbui Tiziano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA defective formation of E rosette from peripheral lymphocytes was observed in five patients with Gaucher disease. Evidence is shown that the reduction of E rosetting capacity is due to serum factors since it was induced in normal lymphocytes incubated with patients' sera. It is likely that ferritin, found elevated in the patients, might be involved in this inhibitory phenomenon. This disfunction might play a role in the high incidence of cancer in Gaucher patients.
Increased numbers of marrow basophils may be associated with a t(6;9) in ANLL
Authors: Pearson Marilyn G. , Vardiman James W. , Le Beau Michelle M. , Rowley Janet D. , Schwartz Stuart , Kerman Shelly L. , Cohen Maimon M. , Fleischman Elena W. , Prigogina Elena L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have characterized another subset of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) based on the cytogenetic and morphologic findings in a group of nine patients. Five patients had chromosomal analyses performed at the University of Chicago, two patients were studied at the All‐Union Cancer Research Center in Moscow, and one patient each was studied at the University of Maryland and at Fairfax Hospital in Fairfax, Virginia. All nine patients had a reciprocal translocation involving the short arm of chromosome 6 and the long arm of chromosome 9 [t(6;9)(p23;q34)]. The patients, four males and five females, ranged in age from 5 to 51 years; the median age of 38 years is lower than that typically seen in ANLL. Only two of eight treated patients entered a complete remission. Classification of bone marrow morphology according to FAB Cooperative Group criteria revealed AML‐M1 in one patient, AML‐M2 in four, and AMMoL‐M4 in three. One patient had refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) which evolved to AML‐M2. All bone marrow specimens showed severe myelodysplasia, with Auer rods present in seven of the nine cases. Of note was the particular prominence of bone marrow basophils (greater than 1%) in eight of the nine (89%) patients. Among 160 evaluable patients with ANLL de novo seen at the University of Chicago whose cells lacked a t(6;9), only five (3%) had greater than 1% basophils in the marrow aspirates. It is of interest that the breakpoint in 9q involves the same chromosomal band as that in the t(9;22) observed in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), in which increased basophils are a prominent feature. Thus, the association of the t(6;9) with increased bone marrow basophils in ANLL may provide additional insight into the chromosomal location of genes regulating the production and/or maturation of basophils.
Multiple myeloma with crystalline inclusions in most hemopoietic cells
Authors: Gabriel Laurence , Escribano Luis , Perales Jose , Bellas Carmen , Odriozola Jesus , Navarro Jose‐Luis 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIntracytoplasmic inclusions were observed at light and electron microscopy in the cells of most of the hemopoietic series, including erythroblasts, in a case of multiple myeloma IgG kappa. The inclusions were of crystalline nature, surrounded by smooth membrane. An indirect immunoperoxidase method on thick sections confirmed their immunoglobulin G kappa nature. The fact that crystals were observed in various hemopoietic series suggests that, except for the plasma cells, their presence is more likely due to phagocytosis than to synthesis and, therefore, that they are not a clone marker.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and recurrent thromboembolism in siblings
Authors: Kosfeld Rodney E. , Lansing Allan M. , Masri Zahi , Liu Yong K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo brothers with heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia and multiple arterial and venous thromboembolism affecting peripheral vessels are described. Heparin‐dependent antiplatelet antibody was detected using platelet aggregometry in both patients. Although these observations may be coincidental, the possibility of familial occurrence of this adverse reaction to heparin cannot be excluded with certainty.
Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following treatment of testicular cancer and gastric cancer with combination chemotherapy not including alkylating agents: Report of two cases
Authors: Pedersen‐Bjergaard Jens , Rørth Mikael , Avnstrøm Søren , Philip Preben , Hou‐Jensen Klaus 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAcute nonlymphocytic leukemia following combination chemotherapy not including alkylating agents or radiotherapy was observed in one patient treated for testicular cancer and in another treated for gastric cancer. Both patients presented clinical, cytologic, and cytogenetic findings uncharacteristic for secondary acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. It is discussed whether these two cases of leukemia indicate a risk of secondary leukemia following chemotherapy with cisplatinum and adriamycin.
Natural killer cells—toward clinical application
Authors: Schattner Ami , Duggan David B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are non‐B, non‐T lymphoid cells of uncertain lineage that rapidly recognize and lyse a large variety of tumor or virus‐infected cells, without the need for either prior sensitization or major histocompatability complex (MHC)‐dependent recognition. Though some essential problems in understanding NK cell function are still unsolved, considerable progress has been achieved in recent years following the identification of the characteristic large granular lymphocyte (LGL) morphology of NK cells and their purification, the study of their function at the single‐cell level, and the cloning of mouse and human NK cell lines. Activated mainly by interferon (IFN), as well as important producers of IFN, NK cells appear to have a distinct role in immunoregulation in addition to their postulated major role in “immune surveillance,” for which convincing in vivo data has accumulated. Future clinical applications may therefore include manipulations of the NK system through expansion and activation of patient's LGL or the use of cloned human NK cell lines.
A lymphoproliferative disorder of Tγ cells with the phenotype of cytotoxic suppressor T‐cell
Authors: Amagasaki Tatsuhiko , Shibata Junji , Yao Eiichi , Nishino Kenji , Yamada Yasuaki , Sadamori Naoki , Tomonaga Masao , Kinoshita Kenichiro , Ichimaru Michito 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 25‐yr‐old Japanese male showed unique Tγ cell proliferation different from cases reported previously. His clinical and hematological features were characterized by persistent high fever and the appearance of large lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm and azurophilic granules in the peripheral blood (11% of the leukocyte differential count) and the ascitic fluid. These lymphocytes showed the ability to bind the Fe portion of IgG and they beared the antigen of cytotoxic/suppressor T‐cell defined by monoclonal antibodies. T‐cells from this patient suppressed the immunoglobulin production of normal B‐cells by pokeweed mitogen, although a polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was observed in the serum. Chromosomal abnormality indicated the malignant nature of the proliferating Tγ cells in this patient. The clinical, hematological, and immunological findings characterized the disease of this patient as a distinct entity among the lymphoproliferative disorders of T‐cell origin.
Clinical manifestations and erythrocyte adhesion to endothelium in sickle cell syndrome
Authors: Wautier J. L. , Galacteros F. , Wautier M. P. , Pintigny D. , Beuzard Y. , Rosa J. , Caen J. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPainful vasocclusive episodes are one of the most prominent pathological features of sickle cell disease. In addition to abnormal shape and poor deformability, increased adhesion of red cells to endothelium has been reported. On several occasions, we have studied the adhesion of erythrocytes from 30 patients with mixed sickle cell syndromes to evaluate the influence of clinical conditions. The percentage of erythrocytes adhering was significantly higher when erythrocytes from sickle patients were compared with controls (p < 0.01). Furthermore, adhesion was significantly higher when the patients were in crises (p < 0.01), and the highest values of all were observed in patients with inflammatory conditions. To investigate the possibility that a limited population of red cells could be responsible for the increase in red cell adhesion, we have measured the HbS concentration in the different washes and found that the HbS concentration was higher in the last washes compared to the first washes. Sickle red cells capable of protein synthesis (young red cells) were labelled with [3H] leucine. The adhesion to endothelial cells of [3H] leucine‐labelled red cells was higher than that of the 51Cr‐labelled red cells from the same patient. On the other hand, the most dense sickle red cells separated by density gradient adhered to a greater extent than the light red cells. This apparent discrepancy could be partly explained by the presence of [3H] leucine‐labelled red cells in the dense fractions of sickle red cells separated by stractan gradient.
Erythrocyte (Ca+2+Mg+2)‐ATPase activity: Increased sensitivity to oxidative stress in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Shalev Oded , Lavi Vardiella , Hebbel Robert P. , Eaton John W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of the thiol‐oxidizing agent diamide on erythrocyte (Ca+2+Mg+2)‐ATPase activity was measured in normal and glucose‐6‐phosphate‐dehydrogenase‐deficient (G6PD−) cells. Although the enzyme activity before the oxidative stress was similar in both groups, diamide induced a markedly greater inhibition in the enzyme activity in the G6PD− cells than in the normal controls. These data indicate dependence of erythrocyte (Ca+2+Mg+2)‐ATPase, in part, on the redox status of the cell. The increased vulnerability of (Ca+2+Mg+2)ATPase to oxidative stress in G6PD− may be of pathophysiological relevance to their premature destruction in oxidant‐induced hemolysis.
Spleen irradiation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): Palliation in patients unfit for splenectomy
Authors: Aabo Kristian , Walbom‐Jorgensen Sven 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn 22 patients with CLL given 30 courses of spleen irradiation, 23 responses were observed (77%, 95% confidence limits, 58‐90%). Response was defined as reduction in palpable spleen size accompanied by relief of symptoms (pain, abdominal discomfort, and sweating) or improvement in hypersequestration or hemolytic anemia. Reduction in leukocyte count alone was not regarded as response. All responses were partial. The median response duration was 1 year. Subsequently, three patients underwent splenectomy. The median survival from the beginning of spleen irradiation was 2.5 years (range: 1 month‐>5 years). Only six patients had minor side effects from the gastrointestinal tract. The hematologic effect was most pronounced on the white blood cell count, but also the platelet count was affected. It is concluded that spleen irradiation is a gentle and effective alternative in CLL patients suffering from splenomegaly (pain and hypersplenism), refractory to chemotherapy and glucocorti‐costeroids and unfit for splenectomy. Splenic irradiation may also be used with benefit preoperatively before splenectomy in patients with excessive splenomegaly and hypersplenism.
Hb regina or α2β296(FG3)LEU → VAL: A high oxygen affinity variant discovered by cation‐exchange HPLC
Authors: Devaraj R. , Wilson J. B. , Huisman T. H. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults are reported of studies of the hemoglobin from one member of a Canadian family with a mild erythrocytosis. This variant, which accounted for about 40% of the hemoglobin, could be separated from Hb A and Hb A2 by cation‐exchange chromatography. Micro methodology allowed the characterization of a Leu → Val replacement at position β96(FG3). Hb Regina has an increased oxygen affinity, which adequately explains the hematological observations.
Stomatocytic transformation of red blood cells after marathon running
Authors: Reinhart Walter H. , Chien Shu 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied red blood cell morphology in two marathon runners before, immediately after, and 1 day after a marathon race. A discocyte‐stomatocyte transformation was found by light microscopy of wet preparations and also by scanning electron microscopy, with about one‐half the erythrocytes becoming cup‐shaped after the marathon. These changes were completely reversible within 18 hr after the race.