bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Knowledge Level, Consumption Habits, Sugar and Calories Content in Ice Cream on the Nutritional Status of Depok Students
Authors: Habieb Salsabila Firdausiyah Nur , Ilmi Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul , Nasrulloh Nanang , Marjan Avliya Quratul 
Published: March 2024

Background: Obesity is a nutritional problem in Indonesia. A factor that influences the incidence of obesity is a high-sugar diet (ex., ice cream products). The consumption rate of ice cream increases every year and is also accompanied by an increasing number of outlets providing ice cream products. Added sugar in ice cream contributes to an increased intake of high-calorie foods that leads to obesity.
Objectives: To analyze level of knowledge, consumption habits, sugar and calorie content of ice cream on the nutritional status of Depok students.
Methods: Observational research with cross-sectional design, analyzed with frequency distribution and chi-square test. Data were obtained using online questionnaire. The research was conducted in the city of Depok, involving 939 samples of Depok students selected with purposive sampling methods.
Results: 667 (71,0%) students have a good level of nutritional knowledge and 578 (61,6%) students unusually eat ice cream. There is no relationship between the level of nutritional knowledge (p-value: 0,609) and ice cream consumption habits (p-value: 0,211) on the nutritional status of students. Vanilla ice cream cup with cookies and cream topping is the most preferred ice cream, containing 13,28 grams of sugar and 154,11 kcal calories.
Conclusions: Depok students have good nutritional knowledge and unusually eat ice cream. The sugar and calorie content of the ice cream are high.
MANAJEMEN PROGRAM STANDARI SASI DAN SERTIFIKASI KOMPETENSI DI BADAN PENGEMBANGAN SDM KEMENTERIAN DALAM NEGERI
Authors: Sari Dewi Listina , Rochanah Siti , Muhammad Amril 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan data yang berhubungan dengan Manajemen Program Standarisasi dan Sertifikasi Kompetensi di Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kementerian Dalam Negeri. Seperti yang dijelaskan oleh Semiawan, dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif diharapkan peneliti dapat memperoleh data dan informasi yang dibutuhkan.
Penelitian ini Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian kualitatif karena informasi yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil pengamatan terhadap proses yang terjadi di lapangan. Tetapi tetap berorientasi pada teori yang sudah ada yang disajikan sebagai bahan penjelasan.
.Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1). Perencanaan standarisasi dilakukan di Pusat 1 yaitu pusat standarisasi dan sertifikasi kompetensi yaang memiliki beberapa fungsi salah satunya yaitu penyusunan kebijakan teknis dan rencana standarisasi dan kependidikan, kurikulum, dan pengembangan teknologi pembelajaran di bidang Kementerian Dalam Negeri dan Pemerintah Daerah. (2) Pelaksanaan sertifikasi kompetensi dilakukan setelah standar ditetapkan, karena standar dipergunakan sebagai acuan serta tolak ukur kompetensi yang akan dicapai pada bidang-bidang atau profesi yang akan di sertifikasi agar dapat memperoleh kesamaan seluruh Indonesia serta tidak adanya perbedaan diantara lembaga-lembaga lainnya.
Kata kunci: Manajemen, Program, Standarisasi dan Sertifikasi kompetensi
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS MATERI TEKS NARATIF SISWA SMK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW
Authors: Unipa Supadi 
Published: March 2024

This article aims to describe: 1) student learning activities, 2) teacher teaching activities, 3) increasing of English learning outcomes was by using cooperative learning of jigsaw type. This class action research was conducted in 2 (two) cycles, with the research subject of accounting student of the grade X at SMK Pembangunan Jaya Jakarta which was registered in the even semester of school year 2018/2019, which amounted 42 students. This research object was the teachers teaching activities and students learning activities in English learning of narrative text materials. Data collection was obtained through twice of study observation and learning result was obtained through tests. The results showed that the cooperative learning of jigsaw types could significantly increase 1) Students learning activities were from an average of 3.2 in the first cycle to reach 3.82; 2) Teachers teaching activities were the average score of teacher teaching activity in the first cycle of 3.2 then in the second cycle reaches 3.91; and 3) students who mastered the first cycle as many as 24 students (57%) and did not master 18 students (43%) with an average score of 66, while on the second cycle increased 34 students (80%) who mastered and 8 students (20%) did not master with an average score of 76
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBM) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir lancar Siswa Pada Materi Reaksi Redoks
Authors: Perdana Ryzal 
Published: March 2024

Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBM) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir Lancar Siswa Pada Materi Reaksi Redoks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBM) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir lancar siswa pada materi reaksi redoks. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA yang ada di SMA Negeri 1 Tulangbawang pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah clauster random sampling dan diperoleh sampel kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI IPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Pengaruh model PBM diukur berdasarkan rata-rata nilai n-Gain keterampilan berpikir lancar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelas eksperimen rata-rata nilai n-Gain keterampilan berpikir lancar siswa sebesar 0,88 (kriteria tinggi). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran PBM efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir lancar siswa pada materi reaksi redoks.
Metode pengajaran matematika pada anak berkebutuhan khusus tuna grahita dan autis di SLB YKK pacitan
Authors: Sutarman  
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat metode mengajar Matematika pada siswa berkebutuhan khusus tuna grahita dan autis di SLB YKK Pacitan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data diambil dengan melakukan wawancara kepada lima guru Matematika di SLB YKK Pacitan. Peneliti menggunakan instrumen panduan wawancara dengan penekanan pada penggalian metode mengajar Matematika bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus tuna grahita dan autis. Selain itu, peneliti juga melakukan observasi. Setelah data terkumpul, peneliti menganalisis data dengan tahapan membuat coding data/klasifikasi data, menyajikan dan menguraikan data, dan membuat kesimpulan. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan Juni-Juli tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru harus memahami prinsip pengajaran tuna grahita dan autis sebelum mengajar. Prinsip pengajaran pada anak tuna grahita mencakup pengembangan potensi, tidak berbasis kelas, kolaborasi dengan orang tua, modifikasi kurikulum, modifikasi perilaku, dan proses evaluasi belajar yang runtut. Metode pengajaran anak tuna grahita menggunakan benda konkrit, pembelajaran langsung dengan instruksi langsung, pembelajaran kooperatif, dan metode pengulangan. Sedangkan prinsip pengajaran anak autis meliputi efikasi orang tua, membangun konsentrasi, dan memetakan gangguan. Metode yang dipakai guru meliputi metode Lovaas atau ABA, TEACCH, Son-Rise Program, PEC (Picture Exchange Communication), dan terapi sensori integrasi.
Kata kunci: Autis, Belajar Matematika, Metode Matematika, Tuna Grahita
Vertical root fracture resistance and crack formation of root filled teeth treated with or without minimally invasive endodontic shaping
Authors: Rathke Andreas , Frehse Henry , Muche Rainer 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The aim was to investigate the vertical root fracture (VRF) resistance and crack formation of root filled teeth treated with (+) or without (–) minimally invasive endodontic (MIE) preparation. Human maxillary central incisors of similar size were decoronated, randomized into six groups (n = 18, power = 0.9) and embedded in acrylic blocks with artificial periodontal ligament. In the +MIE group, root canals were prepared with nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files up to size #40, taper 0.04 and filled with conventional cement (C) or adhesive (A) sealers in single-cone obturation. Preparations of the –MIE group were enlarged with NiTi rotary and K-files up to ISO size #80 and filled according to C or A. Controls either received no treatment or left unfilled after preparation. After thermocycling and staircase loading in a chewing simulator, the crack formation on the root surface was microscopically examined and classified as no defect, craze line, vertical crack, and horizontal crack. Subsequently, the samples were loaded until root fracture. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction. Post hoc analysis revealed no significant difference in the incidence of defects between the groups (P ≥0.0772). VRF resistance was significantly higher in untreated teeth than in +MIE/C (P = 0.0202), but not significantly different between other groups (P ≥ 0.0680). Both VRF resistance and crack formation of root filled teeth were statistically indistinguishable with or without MIE preparation. Most dentin defects were vertical root cracks.
Volatile organic compounds from garlic (Allium sativum L.)/mustard (Brassica nigra L.) oil macerate enhances antibiotic killing by inhibiting the staphyloxanthin biosynthesis against Staphylococcus aureus: An In-vitro and In-silico study
Authors: Singha Joydeep , Dutta Nipu , Saikia Jyoti Prasad 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In the present research volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of garlic/mustard oil macerate (GMM) (garlic clove and mustard oil in the ratio of 1:4, heated at 80 OC for 4 h) was found to enhance the antibacterial activity of antibiotics (gentamycin, 41.17%; kanamycin, 38.89%, and streptomycin, 43.75%) against S. aureus. The mechanism behind the enhancement of S. aureus's sensitivity to antibiotics may be due to reduction of antibiotics resistance. On evaluating one of the well-known antibiotic resistance mechanisms of S. aureus, the ability to produce staphyloxanthin, it has been observed that the VOCs of GMM alone can decrease staphyloxanthin (44.23 ± 0.14%) production. This decrease of staphyloxanthin production and thereby increasing sensitivity to antibiotic, may be assigned to the compounds present in the VOCs of GMM. The major VOCs present in the of GMM were identified as allicin, ajoene, vinyl dithiin, allyl isothiocynate and sinigrin. The order of binding of VOCs with dehydroxysqualene synthase (crtM) protein, which is important in staphyloxanthin production of S. aureus, was found to be sinigrin > ajoene > allicin > dithiin > AITC. Further, decrease in staphyloxanthin production found to increase the membrane fluidity of S. aureus as validated by fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy and this may allow antibiotics to enter inside the bacterial cell more rapidly.
Impact of early preeclampsia prediction on medication adherence and behavior change: a survey of pregnant and recently-delivered individuals
Authors: Cowan Alison , Haverty Carrie , MacDonald Reece , Khodursky Arkady 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background: Behavior change and medication adherence represent potential barriers to optimal prevention of pregnancy complications including preeclampsia. We sought to evaluate baseline sentiments on pregnancy care and medication amenability, and how these measures would be impacted by early predictive testing for preeclampsia.
Methods: We developed a digital survey to query participants’ baseline sentiments on pregnancy care, knowledge about pregnancy complications, and views on a hypothetical test to predict preeclampsia. The survey was administered online to pregnant and recently-delivered individuals in the United States. Survey data were analyzed using pooled two-sample proportion z-tests with adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Results: 1022 people completed the survey. 84% reported they were satisfied with their pregnancy care. Self-assessed knowledge about preeclampsia was high, with 75% of respondents reporting they have a “good understanding” of preeclampsia, but measured knowledge was low, with only 10% able to identify five common signs/symptoms of preeclampsia. Notably, 40% of participants with prior preeclampsia believed they were at average or below-average risk for recurrence. 91% of participants desired early pregnancy predictive testing for preeclampsia. If found to be at high risk for preeclampsia, 88% reported they would be more motivated to follow their provider’s medication recommendations and 94% reported they would desire home blood pressure monitoring. Increased motivation to follow clinicians’ medication and monitoring recommendations was observed across the full spectrum of medication amenability. Individuals who are more medication-hesitant still reported high rates of motivation to change behavior and adhere to medication recommendations if predictive testing showed a high risk of preeclampsia. Importantly, a high proportion of medication-hesitant individuals reported that if a predictive test demonstrated they were at high risk of preeclampsia, they would feel more motivated to take medications (83.0%) and aspirin (75.9%) if recommended.
Conclusion: While satisfaction with care is high, participants desire more information about their pregnancy health, would value predictive testing for preeclampsia, and report they would act on this information. Improved detection of at-risk individuals through objective testing combined with increased adherence to their recommended care plan may be an important step to remedy the growing gap in prevention.
Atmospheric circulation to constrain subtropical precipitation projections
Authors: Chemke Rei , Yuval Janni 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Accurately assessing future changes in precipitation presents one of the greatest challenges of climate change. A leading source of uncertainty in precipitation predictions stems from potential future changes in atmospheric circulation. Specifically, in the tropics, changes in the Hadley circulation are expected to considerably affect precipitation in dry subtropical and wet equatorial regions. However, while climate models project a robust weakening of the Northern Hemisphere circulation in the coming decades, currently, we have low confi-dence in the magnitude of such weakening and its impact on regional precipitation patterns. Here, using emergent constraint analyses and observation-based Hadley circulation strength changes, we show that the Hadley circulation is expected to undergo substantially stronger weakening in the coming decades, relative to current predictions. The more pronounced pro-jected weakening of the flow is found to yield a considerable increase in regional subtropical precipitation compared to current forecasts, specifically over Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Ocean. Our findings not only provide more accurate tropical circulation and precipitation projections but also have significant societal impacts, given the scarcity of water in subtropi-cal regions.
Synthesis of Nano-Liposomes Loaded with Essential Oil Pistaciaatlantica fruit and gum, and Camellia sinensis Extract (NLPACS) and Evaluation of Macroscopic Effects on Healing and Purification of Pseudomonasaeruginosa Infection in Incised Wounds in Wistar Rats
Authors: Bahrami Shabnam , Fooladi Abbas Ali Imani , Bayat Mansour , Chehelcheraghi Farzaneh , Soroush Setareh 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Wounds provide a suitable environment for microbial attacks and infections, which are among the most significant obstacles to wound healing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common wound infection agents, known for its high antibiotic resistance. The use of herbal antimicrobial agents in traditional methods of treatment poses certain challenges. Nano-liposomes are considered a novel strategy to overcome these challenges. Nano-liposomes were loaded with a combination of thin-layer hydration and ultrasonic waves using lecithin, cholesterol, pistacia atlantica fruit and gum essential oil, and Camellia sinensis (green tea) extract in an inactive form. The physicochemical properties of NLPACS, including size, zeta potential, loading capacity, and drug release profile, were evaluated. The antibacterial property was assessed using microdilution, and the healing property of NLPACS in the form of a wound ointment was evaluated on infected incised wounds in Wistar rats. The research results indicated that NLPACS, with a capsule efficiency of 81%, a size of 109 nm, a zeta potential of -7.23 mV, and controlled release at 37 degrees Celsius, exhibited an acceptable structure. Its MIC and MBC were 156 and 312.5 µg.mL, respectively. The use of NLPACS in ointment form on infected wounds in Wistar rats confirmed its healing and antibacterial properties. The results showed that NLPACS has suitable physicochemical, antimicrobial, and healing properties, making it a potential drug for the healing of incised wounds contaminated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Prebiotic Asymmetric Synthesis of Ribose by CO2 Reduction in Hydrodynamic Cavitation with Vortex
Authors: Fang Yuxi , Ding Wei , Ying Diwen , Zhang Wendi , Jia Jinping 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Prebiotic synthesis is a critical aspect in the origin of life. Especially, D-ribose plays a fundamental role in the RNA world theory as the exclusive sugar for RNA1-3. CO2 is known to be predominant in the primitive atmosphere4-6. However, prebiotic synthesis of ribose from CO2 has never been reported, leaving origin of D-ribose as an unsolved conundrum. Herein, we propose the enantiomeric formation of D-ribose by hydrodynamic cavitation with vortex in the prebiotic world, which was supported by the formation of enantiomeric ribose under the simulated prebiotic condition in the opposite vortices of a Venturi reactor equipped with antipodal oblique blades. Various sugars with total concentration of ~2.46 μM were achieved in the presence of Ca2+, in which ribose is the main component, with an enantiomeric excess (ee) in the range of 30.2-40.2%. Formaldehyde and CH2OH· were formed from CO2 by high temperature and high pressure in hydrodynamic cavitation. Ribose was predicted to be formed by the reaction involving addition of CH2OH· starting from formaldehyde in the presence of Ca2+. Vortex is speculated to be initiating symmetry breaking of ribose due to different yield of each enantiomer, induced by geometric coefficient interaction between the chiral intermediate and vortex. Our findings provide a prevalent possibility for the enantiomeric formation of D-ribose by cavitation with specific vortex in the prebiotic ocean, which implies hydrodynamic cavitation would be one of the important driving forces for origin of life.
Research on the effect of rubber powder on asphalt adhesion and resistance to ultraviolet aging
Authors: Hu Jinxuan , Yu Yang , Chen Meizhu , Liu Quantao , Song Shiyu , Chen Yuyi , Deng Hongyang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The utilization of rubber powder as a waste material can enhance the performance of asphalt, thereby prolonging the pavement's service life. In this article, the properties of matrix asphalt, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) modified asphalt, rubber modified asphalt and SBS/ rubber composite modified asphalt under ultraviolet aging were studied. Various characterization methods were employed to evaluate surface free energy and rheological properties. The UV aging mechanism were explored through changes in functional groups. The experimental results reveal that asphalt with the addition of rubber powder shows better resistance to ultraviolet aging. UV radiation significantly influenced the adhesion properties of aged asphalt by increasing its polar component of surface free energy while decreasing its dispersion component. Notably, 2 to 4 days of UV aging improve adhesion properties with a remarkable 164.6% increase in surface free energy for rubber powder-modified asphalt. The complex modulus of modified asphalt is also enhanced by the short-term UV aging. However, long-term exposure to UV radiation results in reduced non-recoverable creep compliance compared to control samples. Furthermore, carbonyl groups in both rubber powder-modified and SBS-modified asphalt exhibit minimal changes due to UV aging effects. For matrix asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, the rubber powder shows the ability to improve adhesion and delay ultraviolet aging. The findings provide valuable theoretical insights into utilizing rubber powder for enhancing the ultraviolet aging resistance of asphalt.
Effective use of models in intelligence-to-decision workflows within and across One Health sectors
Authors: Pepin Kim , Carlisle Keith , Chipman Richard , Cole Dana , Anderson Dean , Baker Michael , Benschop Jackie , Bunce Michael , Binny Rachelle , French Nigel , Greenhalgh Suzie , O'Neale Dion , McDougall Scott , Morgan Fraser , Muellner Petra , Murphy Emil , Plank Michael , Tompkins Daniel , Hayman David 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Decision-makers in public service face uncertainty. Operational management or policy decisions need to be made about system-level ecological and sociological processes that are complex, poorly understood, and change over time. Relying on intuition, evidence, and experience for robust decision-making is challenging without a formal assimilation of these elements (a model), especially when the decision needs to consider potential impacts if an action is or is not taken. Models can provide assistance to this challenge, but effective use of modeling tools in decision-making can be difficult due to lack of trust, expertise, and transparency and consistency in modeling methods and results. We conducted 41 semi-structured interviews of researchers, operational managers, and policy decision-makers with direct experience in intelligence-to-decision workflows involving models within and across human health, animal health, or environmental sectors (One Health sectors). Qualitative analysis of the interview data reveals important ingredients for effective development and use of quantitative models in informing management or policy decisions in One Health sectors. Two of the priorities we identified for implementing improved workflows include establishing different standards for development of modeling intelligence before or after decisions are made and investment in knowledge brokers with modeling expertise working in teams with decision-makers. These and other priorities we identified are important considerations for developers and users of modeling intelligence in a broad range of institutional contexts.