bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stock market reaction to strategic investment decisions
Authors: Woolridge J. Randall , Snow Charles C. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study examines the stock market's reaction to public announcements of corporate strategic investment decisions. It includes a wide variety of strategic decisions: formation of joint ventures, research and development projects, major capital expenditures, and diversification into new products and/or markets. Three alternative hypotheses concerning the stock market's reaction to announcements of these decisions are tested. The Shareholder Value Maximization hypothesis predicts a positive reaction to corporate investments because the stock market rewards managers for developing strategies that increase shareholder wealth. The Rational Expectations hypothesis predicts no stock price reaction because investors expect managers to undertake periodic investments in order to maintain their firms' competitive fitness. The Institutional Investors hypothesis predicts a negative reaction to announcements of corporate investments. The U.S. capital markets are dominated by institutional investors who, in pursuit of superior quarterly performance, may disdain longterm investments because they reduce short‐term earnings. Analysis of 767 strategic investment decisions announced by 248 companies in 102 industries indicates that the stock market's reaction to strategic investments conforms most closely to the predictions of the Shareholder Value Maximization hypothesis. This overall finding holds for investments of varying size and duration. The implications of a positive reaction by the stock market to investment announcements are drawn for corporate strategy research and management practice.
The combined diversification breadth and mode dimensions and the performance of large diversified firms
Authors: Simmonds Paul G. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of the symbiotic relationship between diversification breadth and mode on firm performance. Seventy‐three Fortune 500 firms were classified by diversification breadth (related/unrelated) and mode (internal/external) and their performance during the period 1975–84 analyzed on four financial performance measures. The two related categories (related‐internal/related‐external) were generally higher performers than the two unrelated categories (unrelated‐internal/unrelated‐external) as hypothesized, but the differences were not significant on most performance measures. The unrelated‐external category appears to be the worst performer, which presents a dilema since this strategy has dominated the conglomerate movement.
R&D spending, domestic competition, and export performance of Japanese manufacturing firms
Authors: Ito Kiyohiko , Pucik Vladimir 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis paper examines three factors influencing the export performances of Japanese manufacturing firms: R&D spending, domestic competitive position, and firm size. Export sales are positively associated with (1) R&D expenditures, (2) size of a firm, and (3) average R&D intensity of an industry. A firm's export ratio is related to the size of the firm, but not to the firm's and the industry's R&D intensities. Follower firms are characterized by higher export ratios than market leaders. The results indicate a relationship between the patterns of domestic competition and the international competitiveness of Japanese firms.
Top management team turnover as an adaptation mechanism: The role of the environment
Authors: Wiersema Margarethe F. , Bantel Karen A. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractBased on an organizational adaptation framework, this study examines the influence of three environmental dimensions–munificence, stability, and complexity–on top management team turnover. In addition to investigating the direct influence of these environmental dimensions, indirect effects through firm performance and strategic change are also examined; the indirect effect of environmental complexity through demographic heterogeneity is also studied. Path analysis indicates that the direct effects of the three environmental dimensions predominate. Indirect effects were nonsignificant except for the effect of instability and munificence through strategic change. By expanding the team turnover context to include environmental and strategic dimensions, in addition to previously examined performance and heterogeneity factors, this study enhances our understanding of managerial turnover as a form of organizational adaptation.
Relating strategy and structure to flexible automation: A test of fit and performance implications
Authors: Parthasarthy Raghavan , Sethi S. Prakash 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThis study analyzed various strategy and structure choices to determine their fit relationship with flexible automation (FA). 1Using the moderator hypothesis, we proposed that the more strategy and structure choices complemented FA's competences, the higher would be the performance impact of FA. Data from 87 FA users indicate that quality and flexibility strategies, described as complementary to FA's strengths, interact positively with FA. Low cost strategy, described as conflicting with FA, interacts negatively. Organic structure, viewed as complementary to FA, has only main effects whereas a mechanistic structure interacts negatively. At the manufacturing level, skill diversity and team approaches, considered as complementary to FA, interact positively. While a subgroup analysis of high‐low performers lends additional support to these relationships, analysis of industry subgroups indicates that some relationships are industry specific. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice.
Foreign entrant survival and foreign market share: Canadian companies' experience in united states medical sector markets
Authors: Mitchell Will , Shaver J. Myles , Yeung Bernard 
Published: June 2007

AbstractWe show that successful foreign market entry is related to the extent of foreign presence in an industry at the time of entry. Survival of 31 Canadian‐based businesses that entered 24 U.S. medical sector markets between 1968 and 1989 tended to be somewhat longer in product markets in which foreign‐based businesses held a moderate market share when the Canadian businesses entered than in low and high foreign share product markets. The result controls several other industry and business‐level factors, including industry concentration, entry year, corporate size, related diversification, entry mode, and service sector status.
A note on international market leaders and networks of strategic technology partnering
Authors: Hagedoorn John 
Published: June 2007

AbstractInterfirm partnering has become a familiar aspect of corporate behavior as it is found in a large number of industries with many Companies participating in strategic alliances. This paper focuses on questions that are related to market structural issues of this phenomenon in an international context. It raises the question whether alliances establish stable networks of firms, and whether market leading firms dominate the world of strategic partnering. Our contribution stresses the need for a further understanding of cooperative behavior in terms of the increase of corporate flexibility and the extension of core competences of companies.
A classification system for selective intrauterine growth restriction in monochorionic pregnancies according to umbilical artery Doppler flow in the smaller twin
Authors: Gratacós E. , Lewi L. , Muñoz B. , Acosta‐Rojas R. , Hernandez‐Andrade E. , Martinez J. M. , Carreras E. , Deprest J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate a classification of selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) in monochorionic (MC) twins based on the characteristics of umbilical artery (UA) Doppler flow in the smaller twin, in terms of association with clinical outcome and with the pattern of placental anastomoses.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐four MC twins diagnosed with sIUGR at 18–26 weeks were classified as Type I (UA Doppler with positive diastolic flow, n = 39), Type II (persistent absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow, n = 30) and Type III (intermittent absent or reversed end‐diastolic flow, n = 65). Perinatal outcome, placental sharing and the pattern of anastomoses were compared with those in 76 uncomplicated MC twins.ResultsMean gestational age at delivery was 35.5 (range, 30–38) weeks in controls, 35.4 (range, 16–38) weeks in Type I, 30.7 (range, 27–40) weeks in Type II (P < 0.0001) and 31.6 (range, 23–39) weeks in Type III (P < 0.0001) pregnancies. Fetal weight discordance was significantly higher in Type II (38%) and Type III (36%) than in Type I (29%) (P < 0.0001) pregnancies. Deterioration of the growth‐restricted fetus occurred in 90% of Type II cases, compared with 0% and 10.8% of Types I and III, respectively (P < 0.001). Unexpected intrauterine fetal death of the smaller twin occurred in 15.4% of Type III cases, compared with 2.6% and 0% of Types I and II respectively (P < 0.05). Parenchymal brain lesions in the larger twin were observed in 19.7% of Type III cases and less than 5% in the other groups (P < 0.05). Placental discordance (larger/smaller) was 1.3 in controls, compared with 1.8, 2.6 and 4.4 in Types I, II and III, respectively (P < 0.01). The proportion of cases with arterioarterial anastomoses > 2 mm in diameter was 55% in controls, 70% in Type I, 18% in Type II (P < 0.01) and 98% in Type III (P < 0.01).ConclusionsIUGR can be classified on the basis of umbilical artery Doppler into three types that correlate with different clinical behavior and different patterns of placental anastomoses. This classification may be of help in clinical decision‐making and when comparing clinical studies. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crisis hospitalization in a psychiatric emergency service
Authors: Breslow Richard E. , Klinger Burton I. , Erickson Bonnie J. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractCrisis hospitalization has both an affirmative rationale in the community movement and a secondary rationale of cost containment. Brief hospitalization within the psychiatric emergency service offers intensive treatment and a rapid return to the community for the patient and is cost‐effective for the mental health system.
The chronic psychiatric patient as a “difficult” patient: A conceptual analysis
Authors: Bachrach Leona L. , Talbott John A. , Meyerson Arthur T. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn frankly focusing on the difficult patient qua patient, this chapter examines sociological and clinical correlates of a psychiatric treatment paradox: that the psychiatric service system often inappropriately serves or even fails to reach these patients who are typically desperately in need of care.
Chiral Coordination Polymers with Amino Acids: $\rm ^{2}_{\infty}[Cu_{2}(\mu-L-tryptophanato)_{2}(\mu-4,4\prime-bipyridine)(H_{2}O)_{2}](NO_{3})_{2}$
Authors: Wisser Barbara , Lu Yirong , Janiak Christoph 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe two‐dimensional mixed‐ligand network catena‐[(μ‐4,4′‐bipyridine)‐bis(μ‐L‐tryptophanato‐κ3N,O,O′)‐diaqua‐dicopper(II) dinitrate] is constructed through the bridging action of both the tridentate amino carboxylato and the bidentate 4,4′‐bipyridine ligand. The enantiomeric L‐tryptophanato ligand acts as an N,O chelate towards one copper atom and bridges through the second carboxylate oxygen atom to the adjacent copper ion. Stacking of the corrugated nets creates channels which are occupied by the hydrogen‐bonded and very weakly Cu‐coordinating nitrate ions.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of Novel Mixed Bridged Trinuclear Oxo‐Centered Iron(III), Chromium(III) Complexes Containing Terminal Unsaturated Carboxylato and Acrylic Acid Dimer Anion Ligands
Authors: Yazdanbakhsh Mohammad , Alizadeh M. H. , Khorramdel H. Zare , Frank W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThree new oxo‐centered trinuclear mixed‐bridged carboxylate complexes with terminal unsaturated ligands ([M2M′(μ3‐O)(μ‐O2C3H3)5(μ‐O4C6H7)(O2C3H3) (H2O)2]·2H2O [M = Fe, M′ = Fe (1); M = Fe, M′ = Cr (2); M = Cr, M′ = Fe (3)]) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analyses, IR spectra and crystal structure analyses. The compounds crystallize isotypically in the orthorhombic space group type Pbcn with a = 24.622(3) Å, b = 16.304(2) Å, c = 17.491(2) Å, V = 7021.5(15) Å3 (1), a = 24.708(5) Å, b = 16.290(2) Å, c = 17.394(2) Å, V = 7001.0(18) Å3 (2), a = 24.611(4) Å, b = 16.300(3) Å, c = 17.359(3) Å, V = 6964(2) Å3 (3), and Z = 8. The infrared spectra show resolved bands arising from νasym(OCO) and νsym(OCO) vibrations of monodentate and bridging carboxylate ligands along with those of νasym(M2M′O) vibrations in the complexes.
Anion Effect on Structure of Silver(I) Complexes with New Unsymmetrical Tripodal Ligand
Authors: Xie Jing , Huang Yong‐Qing , Okamura Taka‐aki , Sun Wei‐Yin , Ueyama Norikazu 
Published: June 2007

AbstractReactions of new unsymmetrical pyridyl‐ and imidazoyl‐containing tripodal ligand, 3‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)‐N,N‐bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)propan‐1‐amine (L), with varied silver(I) salts result in formation of three supramolecular architectures [Ag2L2](BF4)2·H2O (1), [Ag2L2](ClO4)2·H2O (2) and [Ag3L2](CF3SO3)3 (3). All the structures were established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. In the solid state, three complexes consist of one‐dimensional infinite chains, in which the conformation and the bridging mode of L for complexes 1 and 2 are the same but 3 different. There are Ag···Ag and π‐π interactions in 3. The results imply that the shape and size of the anion have great impact on the structure of the complexes. The complexes were also characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry.
M(H2O)2(4,4′‐bipy)[C6H4(COO)2]·2H2O (M = Mn2+, Co2+) – Zwei isotype Koordinationspolymere mit Schichtstruktur
Authors: Köferstein Roberto , Robl Christian 
Published: June 2007

AbstractM(H2O)2(4,4′‐bipy)[C6H4(COO)2]·2H2O (M = Mn2+, Co2+) – Two Isotypic Coordination Polymers with Layered StructureMonoclinic single crystals of Mn(H2O)2(4,4′‐bipy)[C6H4(COO)2]·2H2O (1) and Co(H2O)2(4,4′‐bipy)[C6H4(COO)2]· 2H2O (2) have been prepared in aqueous solution at 80 °C. Space group P2/n (no. 13), Z = 2; 1: a = 769.20(10), b = 1158.80(10), c = 1075.00(10) pm, β = 92.67(2)°, V = 0.9572(2) nm3; 2: a = 761.18(9), b = 1135.69(9), c = 1080.89(9) pm, β = 92.276(7)°, V = 0.9337(2) nm3. M2+ (M = Mn, Co), which is situated on a twofold crystallographic axis, is coordinated in a moderately distorted octahedral fashion by two water molecules, two oxygen atoms of the phthalate anions and two nitrogen atoms of 4,4′‐biypyridine (1: M–O 219.5(2), 220.1(2) pm, M–N 225.3(2), 227.2(2) pm; 2: Co–O 212.7(2), 213.7(2) pm, Co–N 213.5(3), 214.9(3) pm). M2+ and [C6H4(COO)2)]2− build up chains, which are linked by 4,4′‐biyridine molecules to yield a two‐dimensional coordination polymer with layers parallel to (001).Thermogravimetric analysis in air of 1 indicated a loss of water of crystallization between 154 and 212 °C and in 2 between 169 and 222 °C.
(Ph4P)2[Be2F6]·2CH3CN: Synthese, Schwingungsspektrum, Kristallstruktur und quantenchemische Rechnungen
Authors: Tonner Ralf , Frenking Gernot , Neumüller Bernhard , Dehnicke Kurt 
Published: June 2007

Abstract(Ph4P)2[Be2F6]·2CH3CN: Synthesis, IR Spectra, Crystal Structure, and Quantum Chemical CalculationsThe hexafluorodiberyllate (Ph4P)2[Be2F6]·2CH3CN (1) was prepared by the reaction of (Ph4P)2[Be2Cl6] with excess silver(I) fluoride in acetonitrile solution. According to the IR spectra and to the X‐ray crystal structure determination, 1 contains isolated [Be2F6]2− ions of symmetry Ci, which is very close to symmetry D2h. 1 crystallizes triclinically in space group $P{\bar 1}$ with one formula unit per unit cell. Lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 950.5(2), b = 1016.1(2), c = 1305.2(2) pm, α = 101.04(2)°, β = 110.83(2)°, γ = 96.85(2)°, R1 = 0.0354. DFT (BP86) and ab initio (CCSD(T)) calculations with large basis sets provide the picture of an intrinsically unstable molecule stabilized by solvent and solid state effects.
Synthesis, Characterization and Structure of Bis‐ and Tetrakis‐Aziridine‐Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Roedel J. Nicolas , Bobka Roman , Neumann Bernd , Weber Birgit , Mayer Peter , Lorenz Ingo‐Peter 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of mononuclear tetrakis‐aziridine nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes as well as of a dinuclear bis‐aziridine copper(II) complex are described. The reactions of anhydrous MCl2 (M = NiII, CuII) with aziridine (= az = C2H4NH, C2H3MeNH, CH2CMe2NH) in CH2Cl2 at room temperature in a 1:5 and 1:2 molar ratio, respectively, afforded the tetrakis‐aziridine complexes [M(az)4Cl2] (M = Ni, Cu) or the dimeric bis‐aziridine complex [Cu(az)2Cl2]2. After purification, all of the complexes were fully characterized. The single crystal structure analysis revealed two different coordination modes. Whereas both nickel(II) complexes can be classified as showing an elongated octahedral structure, copper(II) complexes show either an elongated octahedral or a square pyramidal arrangement forming dimers with chlorido bridges in axial positions. Furthermore, the results of magnetic measurements of the nickel(II) and copper(II) compounds are presented.
Strukturen ionischer Di(arensulfonyl)amide. 8. Natrium‐bis[di(4‐fluorbenzolsulfonyl)amido‐N]argentat: Ein Heterobimetallkomplex mit lamellarer Schichtstruktur und kurzen Zwischenschichtkontakten C–H···F–C
Authors: Zerbe Eva‐Maria , Jones Peter G. , Blaschette Armand 
Published: June 2007

AbstractStructures of Ionic Di(arenesulfonyl)amides. 8. Sodium Bis[di(4‐fluorobenzenesulfonyl)amido‐N]argentate: A Heterobimetallic Complex Exhibiting a Lamellar Layer Structure and Short C–H···F–C Interlayer ContactsNa[Ag{N(SO2–C6H4–4‐F)2}2] (monoclinic, C2/c, Z′ = 1/2) is the first heterobimetallic representative in a well‐documented class of layered inorgano‐organic solids where the inorganic component is comprised of metal cations and coordinating N(SO2)2 groups and the outer regions are formed by the aromatic rings of the di(arenesulfonyl)amide entities, which adopt a folded conformation approximating to mirror symmetry. The inversion‐symmetric bis(amido)argentate unit of the novel compound displays an exactly linear N–Ag–N core and short Ag–N bonds of 217.55(17) pm (at −140 °C); the coordination number of the silver ion is extended to 2 + 6 by four internal and two external Ag···O secondary interactions. The polar lamella is constructed from rows of Na+ ions located on twofold axes, alternating with bis(amido)argentate strands reinforced by Ag···O interactions and weak C–H···O hydrogen bonds; Na+ is embedded in an O6 environment. Adjacent layers are cross‐linked via short C–H···F–C contacts suggestive of weak hydrogen bonding enhanced by cooperativity.
Mehrpunktverfahren zur Auflösung von Gleichungssystemen
Authors: Bittner L. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDie vorliegende Arbeit behandelt gewisse Verfahren zur Lösung von Gleichungssystemen. Man gelang zu diesen Verfahren, wenn man die Funktionalmatrix beim Newton‐Verfahren durch einen aus Funktionswerten mehrerer Hilfspunkte gebildeten Näherungsausdruck ersetzt. Es werden daher zur Rechnung keine Ableitungen nach den gesuchten Variablen benötigt. Als Grundlage der hier angegebenen Konvergenzaussagen und als Grundlage von weiteren Sätzen für zahlreiche andere Hilfspunktwahlen dient das Lemma A bzw. A′.
Über gewisse singuläre Volterrasche Integralgleichungen vom Faltungstypus
Authors: Rühs F. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractEs werden mit Hilfe der Operatorenrechnung lineare singuläre Volterrasche Integralgleichungen vom Faltungstypus mit unendlicher unterer Grenze behandelt und ihre Lösungen angegeben. Die divergenten Integrale werden dabei als Hadamardscher “partie finie” interpretiert.
Elastic‐Plastic Transition in Torsion
Authors: Seth B. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractThe transition theory for elastic plastic deformation, developed in recent papers, has been applied to the torsion of a circulation cylinder. No yield condition is used. It is found that the secondary axial stresses in the fully plastic state have a longitudinal singularity on the axis of the cylinder, thus indicating that there is always a core of material, which remains elastic. The numerical results obtained show good agreement with the experimental results of Bader and Nadai, Poynting and Reiner.
On Discretionary Priority Queueing
Authors: Avi‐Itzhak B. , Brosh I. , Naor P. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA priority regime is envisaged for single queuing systems composed of two customer populations with Poisson arrivals which is intermediate between the two extreme doctrines: a) head of the line priority, b) pre‐emptive priority. The state of intermediacy is represented by discretionary powers vested in the server to interrupt recently initiated ‐ and not to interrupt almost completed ‐ service to a low priority customer upon the arrival of a high priority customer. For the case of constant service times the discretionary rule is defined and the ensuing queueing characteristics analyzed; in particular, the average total queue lengths of both high and low priority customers are derived for two different cases: a) the resume situation where service renewed to a low priority customer starts at the point of interruption; b) the repeat situation where service given to a low priority customer before an interruption, is completely lost. Optimisation procedures are outlined and for the resume situation a simple optimal discretionary rule is obtained.
The Effect of Permeability on the Slow Motion of a Porous Sphere in a Viscous Liquid
Authors: Joseph D. D. , Tao L. N. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractA technique is suggested by which the effects of permeable materials on the low Reynolds number flow of viscous liquids may be evaluated. In particular, we show that Darcy's law and the asymptotic equations (Re O) of Stokes may be used to formulate boundary value problems generating solutions valid for both porous and non‐porous regions and matched at common boundaries.The coupled problem of the streaming of a viscous liquid past a permeable sphere is considered and closed solutions which depend simply on the permeability on the sphere are derived. The drag on a permeable sphere is shown to be the same as the drag on an impermeable sphere of reduced radius.
Asymptotische Entwicklungen von Sphäroidfunktionen und ihre Verwandtschaft mit Kugelfunktionen
Authors: Müller Harald J. W. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractIn dieser Arbeit werden einfache asymptotische Entwicklungen für Sphäroidfunktionen großer Ordnung hergeleitet, die derart sind, daß ihr enger Zusammenhang mit Kugelfunktionen besonders klar zu erkennen ist. Für die Eigenwerte ergibt sich eine entsprechende asymptotische Entwicklung, für die mehrere Glieder berechnet werden.
Erweiterung des Hamiltonschen Prinzips in der Kontinuumsmechanik großer Deformationen
Authors: Rüdiger D. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractDas Hamiltonsche Prinzip für die Bewegung eines Kontinuums wird so modifiziert, daß sowohl die Anfangs‐als auch die Randbedingungen als natürliche Randbedingungen enthalten sind.
St. Venant Torsion of “Thick‐Walled” Cylindrical Tubes
Authors: Westbrook D. R. 
Published: June 2007

AbstractUse is made of the equations of cylindrical shell theory to obtain approximate expressions for the moments of the shears and for the shear stress at the boundary. Using these results, we are able to find approximate expressions for the torsional rigidity and the maximum shear stress which depend only on the geometrical properties of the cross‐section. ‐Some comparisons are made with exact solutions.