bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast all-optical second harmonic wavefront shaping
Authors: Sinelnik Artem , Lam Shiu Hei , Coviello Filippo , Klimmer Sebastian , Della Valle Giuseppe , Choi Duk-Yong , Pertsch Thomas , Soavi Giancarlo , Staude Isabelle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOptical communication can be revolutionized by encoding data into the orbital angular momentum of light beams. However, state-of-the-art approaches for dynamic control of complex optical wavefronts are mainly based on liquid crystal spatial light modulators or miniaturized mirrors, which suffer from intrinsically slow (µs-ms) response times. Here, we experimentally realize a hybrid meta-optical system that enables complex control of the wavefront of light with pulse-duration limited dynamics. Specifically, by combining ultrafast polarization switching in a WSe2 monolayer with a dielectric metasurface, we demonstrate second harmonic beam deflection and structuring of orbital angular momentum on the femtosecond timescale. Our results pave the way to robust encoding of information for free space optical links, while reaching response times compatible with real-world telecom applications.
Autologous cell transplantation for treatment of colorectal aganglionosis in mice
Authors: Pan Weikang , Rahman Ahmed A. , Ohkura Takahiro , Stavely Rhian , Ohishi Kensuke , Han Christopher Y. , Leavitt Abigail , Kashiwagi Aki , Burns Alan J. , Goldstein Allan M. , Hotta Ryo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeurointestinal diseases cause significant morbidity and effective treatments are lacking. This study aimes to test the feasibility of transplanting autologous enteric neural stem cells (ENSCs) to rescue the enteric nervous system (ENS) in a model of colonic aganglionosis. ENSCs are isolated from a segment of small intestine from Wnt1::Cre;R26iDTR mice in which focal colonic aganglionosis is simultaneously created by diphtheria toxin injection. Autologous ENSCs are isolated, expanded, labeled with lentiviral-GFP, and transplanted into the aganglionic segment in vivo. ENSCs differentiate into neurons and glia, cluster to form neo-ganglia, and restore colonic contractile activity as shown by electrical field stimulation and optogenetics. Using a non-lethal model of colonic aganglionosis, our results demonstrate the potential of autologous ENSC therapy to improve functional outcomes in neurointestinal disease, laying the groundwork for clinical application of this regenerative cell-based approach.
Locking the lattice oxygen in RuO2 to stabilize highly active Ru sites in acidic water oxidation
Authors: Ping Xinyu , Liu Yongduo , Zheng Lixia , Song Yang , Guo Lin , Chen Siguo , Wei Zidong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRuthenium dioxide is presently the most active catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media but suffers from severe Ru dissolution resulting from the high covalency of Ru-O bonds triggering lattice oxygen oxidation. Here, we report an interstitial silicon-doping strategy to stabilize the highly active Ru sites of RuO2 while suppressing lattice oxygen oxidation. The representative Si-RuO2−0.1 catalyst exhibits high activity and stability in acid with a negligible degradation rate of ~52 μV h−1 in an 800 h test and an overpotential of 226 mV at 10 mA cm−2. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) results demonstrate that the lattice oxygen oxidation pathway of the Si-RuO2−0.1 was suppressed by ∼95% compared to that of commercial RuO2, which is highly responsible for the extraordinary stability. This work supplied a unique mentality to guide future developments on Ru-based oxide catalysts’ stability in an acidic environment.
Dissecting the mechanism of atlastin-mediated homotypic membrane fusion at the single-molecule level
Authors: Shi Lijun , Yang Chenguang , Zhang Mingyuan , Li Kangning , Wang Keying , Jiao Li , Liu Ruming , Wang Yunyun , Li Ming , Wang Yong , Ma Lu , Hu Shuxin , Bian Xin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHomotypic membrane fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is mediated by dynamin-like GTPase atlastin (ATL). This fundamental process relies on GTP-dependent domain rearrangements in the N-terminal region of ATL (ATLcyto), including the GTPase domain and three-helix bundle (3HB). However, its conformational dynamics during the GTPase cycle remain elusive. Here, we combine single-molecule FRET imaging and molecular dynamics simulations to address this conundrum. Different from the prevailing model, ATLcytocan form a loose crossover dimer upon GTP binding, which is tightened by GTP hydrolysis for membrane fusion. Furthermore, the α-helical motif between the 3HB and transmembrane domain, which is embedded in the surface of the lipid bilayer and self-associates in the crossover dimer, is required for ATL function. To recycle the proteins, Pi release, which disassembles the dimer, activates frequent relative movements between the GTPase domain and 3HB, and subsequent GDP dissociation alters the conformational preference of the ATLcytomonomer for entering the next reaction cycle. Finally, we found that two disease-causing mutations affect human ATL1 activity by destabilizing GTP binding-induced loose crossover dimer formation and the membrane-embedded helix, respectively. These results provide insights into ATL-mediated homotypic membrane fusion and the pathological mechanisms of related disease.
Benchmarking highly entangled states on a 60-atom analogue quantum simulator
Authors: Shaw Adam L. , Chen Zhuo , Choi Joonhee , Mark Daniel K. , Scholl Pascal , Finkelstein Ran , Elben Andreas , Choi Soonwon , Endres Manuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuantum systems have entered a competitive regime in which classical computers must make approximations to represent highly entangled quantum states1,2. However, in this beyond-classically-exact regime, fidelity comparisons between quantum and classical systems have so far been limited to digital quantum devices2–5, and it remains unsolved how to estimate the actual entanglement content of experiments6. Here, we perform fidelity benchmarking and mixed-state entanglement estimation with a 60-atom analogue Rydberg quantum simulator, reaching a high-entanglement entropy regime in which exact classical simulation becomes impractical. Our benchmarking protocol involves extrapolation from comparisons against an approximate classical algorithm, introduced here, with varying entanglement limits. We then develop and demonstrate an estimator of the experimental mixed-state entanglement6, finding our experiment is competitive with state-of-the-art digital quantum devices performing random circuit evolution2–5. Finally, we compare the experimental fidelity against that achieved by various approximate classical algorithms, and find that only the algorithm we introduce is able to keep pace with the experiment on the classical hardware we use. Our results enable a new model for evaluating the ability of both analogue and digital quantum devices to generate entanglement in the beyond-classically-exact regime, and highlight the evolving divide between quantum and classical systems.
Transcription–replication conflicts underlie sensitivity to PARP inhibitors
Authors: Petropoulos Michalis , Karamichali Angeliki , Rossetti Giacomo G. , Freudenmann Alena , Iacovino Luca G. , Dionellis Vasilis S. , Sotiriou Sotirios K. , Halazonetis Thanos D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn important advance in cancer therapy has been the development of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cancers1–6. PARP inhibitors trap PARPs on DNA. The trapped PARPs are thought to block replisome progression, leading to formation of DNA double-strand breaks that require HR for repair7. Here we show that PARP1 functions together with TIMELESS and TIPIN to protect the replisome in early S phase from transcription–replication conflicts. Furthermore, the synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors with HR deficiency is due to an inability to repair DNA damage caused by transcription–replication conflicts, rather than by trapped PARPs. Along these lines, inhibiting transcription elongation in early S phase rendered HR-deficient cells resistant to PARP inhibitors and depleting PARP1 by small-interfering RNA was synthetic lethal with HR deficiency. Thus, inhibiting PARP1 enzymatic activity may suffice for treatment efficacy in HR-deficient settings.
SQANTI3: curation of long-read transcriptomes for accurate identification of known and novel isoforms
Authors: Pardo-Palacios Francisco J. , Arzalluz-Luque Angeles , Kondratova Liudmyla , Salguero Pedro , Mestre-Tomás Jorge , Amorín Rocío , Estevan-Morió Eva , Liu Tianyuan , Nanni Adalena , McIntyre Lauren , Tseng Elizabeth , Conesa Ana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSQANTI3 is a tool designed for the quality control, curation and annotation of long-read transcript models obtained with third-generation sequencing technologies. Leveraging its annotation framework, SQANTI3 calculates quality descriptors of transcript models, junctions and transcript ends. With this information, potential artifacts can be identified and replaced with reliable sequences. Furthermore, the integrated functional annotation feature enables subsequent functional iso-transcriptomics analyses.
MiRNA-296-5p promotes the sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to cisplatin via targeted inhibition of STAT3/KLF4 signaling axis
Authors: Luo Hai-qing , Wang Yan , Ren Jing , Zhang Quan-ying , Chen Yan , Chen Mei-hui , Huang Ning-xin , Wu Min-hua , Tang Xu-dong , Li Xiang-yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractImproving drug sensitivity is an important strategy in chemotherapy of cancer and accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of drug sensitivity, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Our previous study has found that miR-296-5p was significantly downregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here, we aim to explore whether miR-296-5p is involved in regulating cisplatin sensitivity in NPC by regulating STAT3/KLF4 signaling axis. The cell proliferation and clonogenic capacity of NPC cells were evaluated by CCK8 Assay and plate colony assay, respectively. The Annexin V-FITC staining kit was used to determine and quantify the apoptotic cells using flow cytometry. The drug efflux ability of NPC cells were determined by Rhodamine 123 efflux experiment. The expression of miR-296-5p, apoptosis-related genes and protein in NPC cell lines were detected by qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Animal study was used to evaluate the sensitivity of NPC cells to DDP treatment in vivo. Our results showed that elevated miR-296-5p expression obviously promoted the sensitivity of NPC cells to DDP by inhibiting cell proliferation and clonogenic capacity, and inducing apoptosis. In addition, we found that miR-296-5p inhibited the expression of STAT3 and KLF4 in NPC cells, while overexpression of exogenous STAT3 reversed miR-296-5p-mediated enhancement in cell death of DDP-treated NPC cells. In vivo studies further confirmed that miR-296-5p promotes the sensitivity of NPC cells to DDP treatment. miRNA-296-5p enhances the drug sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to cisplatin via STAT3/KLF4 signaling pathway.
Sex-specific associations of empirically derived dietary patterns with colorectal cancer risk in a Korean population: a case‒control study
Authors: Kim Minji , Gunathilake Madhawa , Lee Jeonghee , Oh Jae Hwan , Chang Hee Jin , Sohn Dae Kyung , Shin Aesun , Kim Jeongseon 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDietary patterns may be a crucial modifiable factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. This study aimed to examine the associations of dietary patterns derived from two methods with CRC risk in Korea. In a study of 1420 CRC patients and 2840 control participants, we obtained dietary patterns by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR) using 33 predefined food groups. The associations between dietary patterns and CRC risk were assessed using unconditional logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We identified two similar dietary patterns, derived from PCA 1 (prudent) and RRR (healthy), characterized by higher consumption of green/yellow vegetables, light-colored vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk in both men and women. In women, higher prudent and healthy pattern scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of CRC (prudent, ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.59, 95% CI 0.40–0.86, P for trend = 0.005; healthy, ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.62, 95% CI 0.43–0.89, P for trend = 0.007). In men, a significant inverse association between dietary pattern and risk of rectal cancer was found only for the healthy dietary pattern (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.66, 95% CI 0.45–0.97, P for trend = 0.036). Compared with the dietary pattern derived by PCA, the RRR dietary pattern had a slightly stronger association with a lower risk of distal colon cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.58, 95% CI 0.35–0.97, P for trend = 0.025) and rectal cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.29, 95% CI 0.15–0.57, P for trend < 0.001) in women. Our findings suggest cancer prevention strategies focusing on a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk. Moreover, the use of both PCA and RRR methods may be advantageous to explore the associations between dietary patterns and risk of CRC.
Electrospun network based on polyacrylonitrile-polyphenyl/titanium oxide nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitor device
Authors: Kenawy El-Refaie , Moharram Youssef I. , Abouharga Fatma S. , Elfiky Mona 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNanofibers and mat-like polyacrylonitrile-polyphenyl/titanium oxide (PAN-Pph./TiO2) with proper electrochemical properties were fabricated via a single-step electrospinning technique for supercapacitor application. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), thermogravimetry (TGA), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were conducted to characterize the morphological and chemical composition of all fabricated nanofibers. Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of the fabricated nanofibers for energy storage applications (supercapacitor) was probed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge–discharge (CD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The PAN-PPh./TiO2 nanofiber electrode revealed a proper specific capacitance of 484 F g−1 at a current density of 11.0 A g–1 compared with PAN (198 F g−1), and PAN-PPh. (352 F g−1) nanofibers using the charge–discharge technique. Furthermore, the PAN-PPh./TiO2 nanofiber electrode displayed a proper energy density of 16.8 Wh kg−1 at a power density (P) of 2749.1 Wkg−1. Moreover, the PAN-PPh./TiO2 nanofiber electrode has a low electrical resistance of 23.72 Ω, and outstanding cycling stability of 79.38% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles.
Open-label placebos enhance test performance and reduce anxiety in learner drivers: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schaefer Michael , Enge Sören 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPassing the driving school test can be very challenging, especially in big cities, where up to 52% of all students fail this test. Consequently, many learner drivers experience stress and anxiety. For some learner drivers these feelings can be extreme and negatively affect the performance in the driving test. Different strategies to face anxiety and stress are known, including, for example, psychological or pharmacological approaches and even placebo pills. Recent intriguing findings have also demonstrated that placebos without deception, so-called open-label placebos, successfully reduce anxiety. Here we aimed to test effects of this novel treatment for learner drivers. We investigated whether open-label placebos affect test performance and feelings of anxiety in learner drivers. Sixty-eight healthy participants (mean age 21.94 years, 26 females) were randomized into two groups. The open-label placebo group received placebo pills two weeks before the driving test (two pills each day). The control group received no treatment. Results revealed that the open-label placebo group experienced significantly less anxiety than the control group before the test (measured with the State-Trait-Anxiety-Inventory, STAI-S, and the German Test Anxiety Inventory, PAF). Moreover, in the open-label placebo group less learner drivers failed the driving test (29.41% vs. 52.95%). The results suggest that open-label placebos may provide an ethical unproblematic way to experience less anxiety and might also enhance the probability to pass the driving test. We discuss possible mechanisms of open-label placebos and limitations of our findings.
The E3 ligase TRIM7 suppresses the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by targeting SLC7A11
Authors: Chen Qishuai , Zhang Tongtong , Zeng Runzhi , Zhang Kunmiao , Li Bingjun , Zhu Zhenguo , Ma Xiaomin , Zhang Yun , Li Linchuan , Zhu Jiankang , Zhang Guangyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTripartite motif-containing protein 7 (TRIM7), as an E3 ligase, plays an important regulatory role in various physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of TRIM7 in gastric cancer (GC) is still undefined. Our study detected the expression of TRIM7 in clinical specimens and investigated the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of TRIM7 on GC progression through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our finding showed that TRIM7 was significantly downregulated in GC, and patients with high expression of TRIM7 showed long overall survival. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that TRIM7 dramatically suppressed the malignant progression of GC. Further investigation showed that ferroptosis was the major death type mediated by TRIM7. Mechanistically, TRIM7 interacted with SLC7A11 through its B30.2/SPRY domain and promoted Lys48-linked polyubiquitination of SLC7A11, which effectively suppressing SLC7A11/GPX4 axis and inducing ferroptosis in GC cells. In vivo experiments and correlation analysis based on clinical specimens further confirmed that TRIM7 inhibited tumor growth through suppressing SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. In conclusion, our investigation demonstrated for the first time that TRIM7, as a tumor suppressor, induced ferroptosis via targeting SLC7A11 in GC, which provided a new strategy for the molecular therapy of GC by upregulating TRIM7.
Impact of seed priming with Selenium nanoparticles on germination and seedlings growth of tomato
Authors: García-Locascio Ezequiel , Valenzuela Edgardo I. , Cervantes-Avilés Pabel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPoor germination and seedlings growth can lead to significant economic losses for farmers, therefore, sustainable agricultural strategies to improve germination and early growth of crops are urgently needed. The objective of this work was to evaluate selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) as nanopriming agents for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds germinated without stress conditions in both trays and Petri dishes. Germination quality, seedlings growth, synergism-antagonism of Se with other elements, and fate of Se NPs, were determined as function of different Se NPs concentrations (1, 10 and 50 ppm). Results indicated that the germination rate in Petri dishes improved with 10 ppm, while germination trays presented the best results at 1 ppm, increasing by 10 and 32.5%, respectively. Therefore, seedlings growth was measured only in germination trays. Proline content decreased up to 22.19% with 10 ppm, while for same treatment, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total chlorophyll content increased up to 38.97% and 21.28%, respectively. Antagonisms between Se with Mg, K, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mo in the seed were confirmed. In the case of seedlings, the N content decreased as the Se content increased. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) imaging confirmed that Se NPs surrounded the plastids of the seed cells. By this finding, it can be inferred that Se NPs can reach the embryo, which is supported by the antagonism of Se with important nutrients involved in embryogenesis, such as K, Mg and Fe, and resulted in a better germination quality. Moreover, the positive effect of Se NPs on total chlorophyll and TAC, and the negative correlation with proline content with Se content in the seed, can be explained by Se NPs interactions with proplastids and other organelles within the cells, resulting with the highest length and fresh weight when seeds were exposed to 1 ppm.
Enhancing the driving experience of smart city users based on content delivery framework for intelligent transportation systems
Authors: Alqubaysi Tariq , Yousef Amr 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntegration of several communication technologies that facilitate user access contributes to the rapid development of the smart city notion. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are introduced as part of smart city development to provide drivers with enhanced communication and information-sharing capabilities. The article introduces a novel ITS content delivery framework (CDF) that addresses communication outage issues. CDF-ITS uses End-to-end decision-making system modelling to examine factors such as communication, content distribution, and vehicle features. A suitable communication slot for vehicular users is determined by processing these characteristics based on outage time and variables. By allocating time-aware communication slots according to the classification of the propagation factor, outage problems may be reduced. End-to-end decision-making is used for classification and vehicle attribute balance, allowing immediate responses to user requests. The experimental outcomes show that the latency of 0.297 s, outage time of 0.0837, distributed messages of 276, and computing complexity of 11.87 are used to assess the proposed framework's efficiency across vehicle density and velocities.
Hybridization of graphene-gold plasmons for active control of mid-infrared radiation
Authors: Feinstein Matthew D. , Almeida Euclides 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany applications in environmental and biological sensing, standoff detection, and astronomy rely on devices that operate in the mid-infrared range, where active devices can play a critical role in advancing discovery and innovation. Nanostructured graphene has been proposed for active miniaturized mid-infrared devices via excitation of tunable surface plasmons, but typically present low efficiencies due to weak coupling with free-space radiation and plasmon damping. Here we present a strategy to enhance the light-graphene coupling efficiency, in which graphene plasmons couple with gold localized plasmons, creating novel hybridized plasmonic modes. We demonstrate a metasurface in which hybrid plasmons are excited with transmission modulation rates of 17% under moderate doping (0.35 eV) and in ambient conditions. We also evaluate the metasurface as a mid-infrared modulator, measuring switching speeds of up to 16 kHz. Finally, we propose a scheme in which we can excite strongly coupled gold-graphene gap plasmons in the thermal radiation range, with applications to nonlinear optics, slow light, and sensing.