bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aminoäthylierung mit Aziridinen. 6. Mitt.: 3‐Alkoxycarbonyl‐2‐pyrrolidon‐Verbindungen aus Aziridinbasen und Malonestern
Authors: Stamm H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNach dem bereits beschriebenen Verfahren werden weitere 1‐substituierte und teilweise 3‐substituierte 3‐Alkoxycarbonyl‐2‐pyrrolidon‐Verbindungen hergestellt, darunter ein spiro‐Pyrrolidon‐butyrolacton. Die früher bereits beschriebene Wechselwirkung des die Umsetzung katalysierenden Lithiumjodids mit Malonester gibt sich auch kernresonanzspektrographisch zu erkennen. Der partielle bis vollständige hydrolytische Abbau einiger der erhaltenen Verbindungen und einige Aminolysereaktionen werden beschrieben.
Über Thiocyansäure‐Derivate aktivierter Methylenverbindungen. 14. Mitt. über Untersuchungen an Acyl‐enaminen
Authors: Eiden F. , Gauglitz G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDarstellung und Eigenschaften der Thiocyansäureester von Barbitursäure‐ und Dioxopyrazolidin‐Derivaten werden beschrieben. Diese Verbindungen sind mit entsprechenden Halogen‐Derivaten vergleichbar, sie können als Oxydationsmittel oder Thiocyangruppen‐Überträger reagieren.
Umsetzungen des 1,2‐Dihydro‐2‐methyl‐papaverinols in verdünnter Essigsäure
Authors: Wiegrebe W. , Roesel E. 
Published: October 2006

Abstract1,2‐Dihydro‐2‐methyl‐papaverinol (II) liefert bei der Behandlung mit 2proz. Essigsäure 3,4‐Dihydro‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐3‐(3,4‐dimethoxy‐α‐hydroxy‐benzyl)‐2‐methylisochinolinium‐ion (IX), 9‐Hydroxylaudanosin (I), 6,7‐Dimethoxy‐2‐methyl‐isochinolinium‐ion (III b)In allen Formelbildern kennzeichnet der Buchstabe „a”︁ an C‐6 und C‐7 unsubstituierte Isochinolinderivate, der Buchstabe „b”︁ 6,7‐Dimethoxy‐isochinolin‐Abkömmlinge.
und Veratrumaldehyd (IV).
Pharmacochemistry of Novel Aminoketone Phthalimide, Δ4‐Tetrahydrophthalimide, and Arylsuccinimide Derivatives with Local Anaesthetic Activity
Authors: Sotiropoulou Eleni , Kourounakis Panos N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA number of aminoketones with prospective local anaesthetic activity were prepared. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analyses. The physicochemical parameters (pka and logP) were also investigated. The local anaesthetic activity was determined in vitro on sciatic frog's nerve by the compound action potential technique: the phthalimide derivatives possess considerable local anaesthetic activity equal to that of lidocaine and higher than that of procaine.
Non‐Steroidal Anti‐inflammatory Agents: Novel Pyrazolyl‐, 1,2‐Oxazolyl‐, and 1,3‐Diazinyl Derivatives of 4(3H)‐Quinazolinones
Authors: Khalil M. A. , Soliman R. , Farghaly A. M. , Bekhit A. A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFour novel series of 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives have been prepared by cyclization of the key intermediates 3‐aryl‐2‐(3‐aryl‐3‐oxopropenyl)‐4‐(3H)‐quinazolinones with different reagents: 3‐aryl‐1‐iminocarbamoyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl)‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones, 3‐aryl‐2‐(3‐aryl‐1‐thiocarbamoyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl)‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones, 3‐aryl‐2‐(3‐aryl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1,2‐oxazol‐5‐yl)‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones, and 3‐aryl‐2‐(4‐aryl‐2‐thioxo‐1,2,5,6‐tetrahydro‐1,3‐diazin‐6‐yl)‐4(3H)‐quinazolinones. The anti‐inflammatory activity of representatives of these compounds is comparable to or higher than that of proquazone.
Aminosäuren, 15. Mitt.: Synthese enantiomerenreiner DAVA‐Derivate (5‐Amino‐4‐hydroxypentansäuren) aus (S)‐Glutaminsäure
Authors: Herdeis Claus , Lütsch Karen , Waibel Dagmar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDas aus (S)‐Glutaminsäure zugängliche Hydroxymethyllacton 1 wird als TBDPS‐Ether 2 geschützt. Die Alkylierung des Lithiumenolats von 2 liefert die Lactone 3a,b in hohem Diastereomerenüberschuß. Andererseits erhält man durch 1,4‐Addition der Gilman‐Cuprate an 10 und Abspaltung der Schutzgruppe die Alkohole 12a,b. Die Umsetzung der Alkohole 4,12 über die Mesylate 5,13 und die Azide 6,14 liefert nach katalytischer Hydrierung in Anwesenheit von Boc2O die Boc‐geschützten Amine 7,15. Durch Behandlung mit methanolischer HCl erhält man die kristallinen Hydrochloride 8,16, die durch Ringöffnung in die DAVA‐Derivate (δ‐Aminovaleriansäurederivate) 9,17 umgewandelt werden.
On the Mechanism of the Reaction of o‐Benzenesulfonamido‐p‐benzoquinone with Ammonia and Amines
Authors: Gündisch Daniela , Kovar Karl‐Artur 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn the determination of ammonia in sera using o‐benzenesulfonamido‐p‐benzoquinone proteins cause false positive results. These findings contradict the reaction mechanism postulated in lit., according to which a dimer is formed through an NH‐bridge. As deduced by 1H‐NMR‐, IR‐, UV‐, and mass spectroscopic investigations of the reaction product and by semi‐empirical MO‐calculations, charge transfer (CT)‐complexes 3a are formed with ammonia as well as with proteins, amino acids, and amines. These CT‐complexes are in a solvent dependent equilibrium with their salts 3b. Depending on the electron density of the amine compound, different subsequent products may be formed.
Crystalline Vanadium Pentoxide with Hierarchical Mesopores and Its Capacitive Behavior
Authors: Liu Hongtao , He Ping , Li Zhiying , Sun Danzi , Huang Haiping , Li Jinghong , Zhu Guoyi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractCrystalline vanadium pentoxide with hierarchical mesopores was synthesized by using a CTAB/BMIC cotemplate (CTAB=cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, BMIC=1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride). The material was fully characterized by SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, XPS, and CV methods. By elaborate adjustment of the template proportions, the distribution and size of the hierarchical pores were tuned successfully. CTAB cationic surfactant contributed more to the larger mesopores, whereas BMIC ionic liquid was beneficial in forming the smaller nanopores. The vanadium‐containing anions combined with CTA+ micelles and BMI+ rings through electrostatic interactions. The CTA+–O(VO)O−–BMI+ entities built up an orderly array, which finally formed the hierarchical mesoporous framework during thermal treatment. The mesoporous vanadium pentoxide directed by the cotemplate of CTAB/BMIC=1:1 showed many orderly crystalline structures and demonstrated a large capacitance (225 F g−1); it is thus a promising material for electrochemical capacitors. Two alternative solutions to the disappearance of capacitance due to insertion of K+ are proposed in view of possible future applications.
Anions and Polyanions of Oligoindenopyrenes: Modes of Electron Delocalization and Dimerization
Authors: Aprahamian Ivan , Wegner Hermann A. , Sternfeld Tamar , Rauch Karsten , de Meijere Armin , Sheradsky Tuvia , Scott Lawrence T. , Rabinovitz Mordecai 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA series of pyrene‐based polycyclic aromatic compounds, indeno[cd]pyrene, diindeno[cd,fg]pyrene, diindeno[cd,jk]pyrene, tris‐(tert‐butylindeno[cd,fg,jk])pyrene, and tetrakis‐(tert‐butylindeno[cd,fg,jk,mn])pyrene, were reduced with alkali metals in [D8]tetrahydrofuran, and the resulting anions were studied by NMR spectroscopy. It was found that the diatropic character of the dianions obtained depends on the number of annulated indeno groups. When one such group is present, a paratropic dianion is obtained, which is similar to the dianion of the parent pyrene; the effect, however, is weak. When more indeno groups are annulated, the dianions become diatropic owing to the greater number of five‐membered rings that can acquire aromatic character as a result of reduction. The 1H NMR chemical shifts of tetrakis‐(tert‐butylindeno[cd,fg,jk,mn])pyrene in the neutral state show an interesting dependence on concentration that reflects an association of the molecules in solution by π stacking. This phenomenon was not observed for the reduced species. The trianion radicals of tris‐(tert‐butylindeno[cd,fg,jk])pyrene and tetrakis‐(tert‐butylindeno[cd,fg,jk,mn])pyrene undergo reductive dimerization and form bilayered hexaanions.
Single oral dose pharmacokinetics and comparative bioavailability of danazol in humans
Authors: Hooper W. D. , Eadie M. J. , Dickinson R. G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA comparative bioavailability study was conducted with two capsule formulations of danazol (200 mg) in 16 healthy adult male volunteers. Fasting subjects received single doses (400 mg) of each formulation on separate occasions 1 week apart. Blood samples were drawn at specified times up to 32 h after the dose and danazol concentrations in plasma were determined by a specific and sensitive HPLC method. The results for one subject were excluded as outlier values. The data from the other 15 subjects showed small differences, which did not achieve statistical significance between the formulations with respect to Cmax, Tpeak and AUC0–∞. The mean elimination half‐life for danazol was 9·44 ± SD 2·74 h and the mean apparent total body clearance was 710 ± SD 2161 h−1. These data differed from previously published results, probably as a result of the more sensitive and specific assay method used in the present work. It is likely that a high proportion of the oral dose of danazol is eliminated by presystemic metabolism.
Acecainide pharmacokinetics in normal subjects of known acetylator phenotype
Authors: Coyle James D. , Boudoulas Harisios , Lima John J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of acecainide (formerly N‐acetylprocainamide) in six normal subjects of known acetylator phenotype. Three subjects were fast acetylators and three slow acetylators by sulfapyridine phenotyping criteria. Each subject received a 20‐min, 3 mg kg−1 intravenous acecainide infusion. Concentrations of acecainide, procainamide, and their deethylated metabolites were measured in serum and urine samples using HPLC. Acecainide renal clearance, nonrenal clearance, steady‐state volume of distribution, and other pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using standard approaches. Acecainide renal clearance and steady‐state volume of distribution were (mean ± SD) 13·6 ± 1·581 h−1 and 135 ± 20·31, respectively, and were not significantly different in fast and slow acetylators. Acecainide nonrenal clearance in the six subjects was 3·0 ± 1·01 h−1, however, nonrenal clearance in slow acetylators was 1·8 times that in fast acetylators (3·9 vs 2·21 h−1, p = 0·012) with clear separation of the subjects into two groups when the data were grouped by acetylator phenotype. The nonrenal clearance of acecainide was inversely correlated with percentage sulfapyridine acetylation. Computer simulations were conducted to explore possible explanations for the observed difference in nonrenal clearance.
The effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of pentisomide
Authors: Holt D. W. , Walker S. , Johnston A. , Jones R. W. , Howse N. L. , Darragh A. , Caffrey E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of age on the pharmacokinetics of pentisomide (CM7857), an orally effective antiarrhythmic agent, were studied in two groups of volunteers. Sixteen young volunteers (mean age 26·4 years) and 10 elderly volunteers (mean age 67·8 years) received a single 200 mg oral dose of pentisomide. Mean AUC was larger and terminal elimination half‐life longer in the elderly subjects, due to a decrease in total plasma clearance of pentisomide in the elderly. This decrease was due to a reduction in renal clearance of the drug which was paralleled by a significantly lower creatinine clearance in the elderly subjects. Dosage reduction, or a reduced frequency of dosing of pentisomide would be necessary in the elderly or those with impaired renal function.
Erfahrung, Weltbild und Erkenntnis bei Nikolaus Cusanus
Authors: Blum Paul Richard 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTo explain the interaction of stillness and motion of thought, Nicholas Cusanus formulated his renowned comparison with a cosmographer, which through five gateways, corresponding to the five senses, receives information about the world in the form of messages. What follows therefrom is not directly an analysis of the world but of the Creator, whom the philosopher mirrors in himself as a creator of scientific symbols.Cusanus was repeatedly suspected of Pantheism. What is crucial, however, for the critique of reasonning is the parallelism, that God's omnipresence in his creation corresponds to a universal capacity of the human mind to perceive everything by means of a hypothetical otherness (alteritate coniecturali). Therefrom proceeds the general projection that everything can be seen in mathematical terms. Mathematical calculating, working with figures, reducing to units, leads Cusanus to God's creative power as much as to the functioning of the intellect.However, his renowned mental experiments on the minimum and maximum were purely in pursuit of the goal of describing the fluid frontiers of defined thought. This is also true of his cosmology. Cusanus argued mathematically in order to prove the non‐mathematical and the non‐realistic.
Shaping federal policy to maximize institutional impact
Authors: Cosand Joseph P , Calais Mary Jane 
Published: October 2006

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of federal policies and programs on community colleges and a statement of the benefits of community college programs to the community, the state, and the nation are prerequisites for shaping federal policies to meet institutional needs. State boards, trustees and administrators, and national organizations must work together to improve community college impact through expanded awareness of institutional needs.
The piedmont Virginia community college experience in general education
Authors: Dicroce Deborah M. , Perkins David R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe authors address the institutional context, goals, philosophy,external constraints, and assessment implications of the general education program at Piedmont Virginia Community College.
They offer four pieces of advice for institutions beginning their work in general education– namely, owneship, turf, larger external connections, and curricular restructuring.
Reproducible microvascular dysfunction with dobutamine infusion in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy presenting with ST segment elevation
Authors: Brewington Stacy D. , Abbas Amr A. , Dixon Simon R. , Grines Cindy L. , O'Neill William W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTakotsubo (ampulla) cardiomyopathy, or broken heart syndrome, is an underrecognized cardiac illness that usually presents as an acute coronary syndrome in postmenopausal females. The disorder is frequently associated with episodes of mental or physical stress, implicating an abnormal cardiac response to increased catecholamines. Although death has been reported during the index event, the long‐term prognosis is good with full recovery of left ventricular function. We present a case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy mimicking anterior ST segment elevation myocardial infarction precipitated by dobutamine stress testing. Reinfusion of dobutamine in the catheterization laboratory reproduced symptoms with angiography and intravascular ultrasound supporting the theory of abnormal microvascular circulation as the etiology of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Acute and delayed magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no infarction with complete recovery of ventricular function. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial transcatheter palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Chan K.C. , Mashburn C. , Boucek M.M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractInitial percutaneous transcatheter palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome is now feasible. The primary procedures for palliation include stenting of the ductus arteriosus with a self expanding nitinol stent to secure an adequate systemic blood flow, placement of an internal pulmonary arterial band to protect the pulmonary vascular bed and to prevent pulmonary overcirculation, and widening of the interatrial communication by blade and balloon septostomy or static balloon dilation to decompress the left atrium. Anatomic variations of the ductus arteriosus have important implications for technical success with ductal stenting. Patients who have undergone complete transcatheter palliation with the internal pulmonary band appear to have less immediate morbidity at the time of transplant, with preserved integrity and growth of the branch pulmonary arteries at one year follow‐up. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Failure of cutting balloon angioplasty to prevent restenosis in childhood pulmonary venous stenosis
Authors: McMahon Colin J. , McDermott Michael , Walsh Kevin P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe describe bilateral pulmonary vein stenosis in a 5‐year‐old boy. He initially presented with haemoptysis secondary to left upper lobe pulmonary vein atresia and left lower lobe stenosis and subsequently he underwent left‐sided pneumonectomy. He underwent repeat cardiac catheterizations with repeated balloon angioplasty of the right‐sided venous stenoses using a cutting balloon. Despite satisfactory initial results the pulmonary venous stenosis reoccurred as early as 2 months following balloon angioplasty. Although cutting balloon angioplasty has demonstrated effective immediate alleviation of pulmonary venous stenosis its utility in providing sustained improvement in pulmonary vein stenosis is limited. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An 84‐year‐old patient with an atrial septal defect rescued using the amplatzer septal occluder device
Authors: Sato Tetsuya , Hioka Toru , Akagi Teiji 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe report the case of a rescued 84‐year‐old patient with atrial septal defect (ASD) who was emergently admitted to our intensive care unit with progressive dyspnea requiring mechanical ventilation for severe anoxia and respiratory arrest. She had no history of congenital heart diseases. ECG and chest X‐ray revealed overload of the right atrium and ventricle, and severe increase in pulmonary vascular markings. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a moderately large size ASD (18 x 23 mm2). Hemodynamic evaluation documented an increase in PA pressure of 37/16 mm Hg and Qp/Qs of 2.33. Her systemic condition did not improve following diuretics, cathecholamine, and afterload‐reducing substances. She required mechanical ventilation for severe hypoxia. She underwent successful closure of the ASD using an Amplatzer septal occluder on day 17. Hemodynamics and findings on chest X‐ray dramatically improved after this procedure. She was discharged from the hospital on foot. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suture‐mediated closure of a patent foramen ovale during surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Lee Tobias T. , De la Torre Ralph , Carrozza Joseph P. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA patent foramen ovale (PFO) is associated with an increased risk of recurrent ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks due to paradoxical emboli in patients with prior neurological events. We report a case of a surgical suture‐mediated of a PFO closure without cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with recurrent cerebral ischemic events, who was intolerant of medical therapy, was a poor candidate for catheter‐based PFO closure, and presented as a potentially high risk for poor wound healing from traditional surgical closure. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The StarClose® vascular closure system: Interventional results from the CLIP study
Authors: Hermiller J.B. , Simonton C. , Hinohara T. , Lee D. , Cannon L. , Mooney M. , O'Shaughnessy C. , Carlson H. , Fortuna R. , Zapien M. , Fletcher D.R. , DiDonato K. , Chou T.M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBackground: The StarClose® Vascular Closure System is a femoral access site closure technology that uses a flexible nitinol clip to complete a circumferential, extravascular arteriotomy close. The Clip CLosure In Percutaneous Procedures study was initiated to study the safety and efficacy of the StarClose device in subjects undergoing diagnostic and interventional catheterization procedures. Methods: A total of 17 U.S. sites enrolled 596 subjects, with 483 subjects randomized at a 2:1 ratio to receive StarClose or standard compression of the arteriotomy after the percutaneous procedure. The study included roll‐in (n = 113), diagnostic (n = 208), and interventional (n = 275) arms with a primary safety endpoint of major vascular complications through 30 days and a primary efficacy endpoint of postprocedure time to hemostasis. Results: The results of the diagnostic StarClose cohort have been reported separately. Results for the interventional arm revealed major vascular complications occurring in 1.1% of StarClose subjects (2/184) and 1.1% in manual compression subjects (1/91; P = 1.00). No infections were seen in either cohort. Minor complications in the StarClose interventional group occurred at a rate of 4.3% (8/184) and with compression at 9.9% (9/91; P = 0.107). Pseudoaneurysm or arteriovenous fistula was not seen with StarClose. With StarClose, procedural success was 100% (136/136) for the diagnostic group and 98.9% (181/183) in the interventional group. Device success for the treatment group was 86.8%. In the interventional cohort, 87.3% (158/181) of StarClose subjects reported a pain scale of 0–3 compared with 93.3% (84/90) in the compression group, which was not statistically different. Conclusions: The clinical results of this study demonstrate that the StarClose Vascular Closure System is noninferior to manual compression with respect to the primary safety endpoint of major vascular events in subjects who undergo percutaneous interventional procedures. StarClose significantly reduced time to hemostasis, ambulation, and dischargeability when compared with compression. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct Catalytic Enantioselective α‐Aminomethylation of Aldehydes
Authors: Ibrahem Ismail , Zhao Gui‐Ling , Córdova Armando 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe direct catalytic asymmetric α‐aminomethylation of aldehydes is presented. The chiral amine and amino acid catalyzed reactions between unmodified aldehydes and a formaldehyde‐derived imine precursor were fast and proceeded with high chemo‐ and enantioselectivities. The corresponding dibenzyl‐protected γ‐amino alcohols were isolated in high yields with up to 98 % ee after in situ reduction. The reaction is a novel entry to valuable β2‐amino acid derivatives.