bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Latent Class Analysis of COVID-19 Deaths by Comorbidities— United States, February-May 2020
Authors: Siegel David A. , Bentley William A. , Li Rongxia , Gould Carolyn V. , McCormick David W. , McLaughlin Joseph , Vyas Anjali , Clark Charles R. , Richardson Gillian , Krueger Anna , Holzbauer Stacy , Kollmann Leslie , Thomas Deepam , Ojo Mojisola , Paladini Marc , Reilly Kathleen H. , McLafferty Meagan , Sidelinger Dean E. , Chambers Laura C. , Read Jennifer S. , Saraiya Mona , Young Paul R , Wortham Jonathan M. , Koumans Emilia H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeRisk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality include older age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other comorbidities. Latent class analysis (LCA) can identify unrecognized morbidity patterns for decedents with COVID-19.MethodsData were collected from 23 U.S. jurisdictions about decedents with COVID-19 early in the COVID-19 pandemic (February 12–May 12, 2020). LCA identified groups of individuals based upon pre-existing comorbidities: cardiovascular, renal, lung, neurologic, and liver disease; obesity; diabetes; and immunocompromised state. Results were stratified by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and location of death.ResultsOf 12,340 decedents, LCA identified three classes, which included classes with prominent cardiovascular disease and diabetes (32%), prominent cardiovascular disease without diabetes (19%), and a “minimal prevalence” class (49%) with a low frequency of comorbidities. Individuals in the “minimal prevalence” class had risk factors in <2 comorbidity groups, where cardiovascular disease was the most common for individuals with a single comorbidity.ConclusionsLCA analysis reaffirms the importance of diabetes and cardiovascular disease as risk factors for COVID-19 mortality and indicates that about half of decedents were in the “minimal prevalence” group. Results could guide vaccination and treatment messaging to groups with no or few underlying conditions.DisclaimerThe conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the offical position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the authors’ affililated institutions.
Prevalence of physical and mental health problems among internally displaced persons in white nile state, sudan 2023
Authors: Ali Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed , Adam Omran aldoma Mohammed , Salem Sarah Altayeb Mustafa , Hamad Sara Hamad Ibrahim , Ahmed Nosiba Elnair Musa , Ali Hassan Mohamed Ahmed , Abass Aseel Abass Mohamed , Abass Hiba-Allah Abass Mohamed , Albasher Abubaker Izz-Eldein , Yousif Mawada Eltagi Elsayid , Abdalla Fadwa Elfadil Ahmed , Abd-alaziz Osman AlShazly Osman , Ahmed Samar Bushra Mohammed , Al-Obaid Shaima Abdelbagi Ahmed , Osman Abdelgadir H. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONDespite efforts globally, internally displaced persons (IDPs) face poor living conditions and limited healthcare access compared to refugees. They commonly suffer from malaria, malnutrition, diarrhoea, and respiratory infections, along with mental health issues like depression and PTSD. Severe malnutrition poses significant health risks in the short and long term, especially in developing countries.METHODSTo assess IDPs’ health, we conducted interviews. Out of 574 participants aged 10 and above, many reported physical and mental health problems using questionnaires. Additionally, 226 children under five were surveyed for malnutrition using a questionnaire and measurements of mid-upper arm circumference.RESULTSThe findings revealed that 45% of IDPs experienced poor physical health, with prevalent ailments among adults including minor colds (67%), respiratory infections (43%), prolonged flu episodes (36%), insomnia (38%), headaches (42%), upset stomachs (44%), nausea (35%), and gastrointestinal issues (40%). Depression, PTSD, and anxiety were prevalent among adults at rates of 18%, 20%, and 14% respectively. Moreover, a staggering 72% of children under five suffered from malnutrition, with males accounting for 44% and females 56%.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the well-being of IDPs residing in camps is detrimentally impacted by the inadequate management, treatment, and prevention of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Government authorities must recognise and address the complexities associated with multiple agencies involved in delivering healthcare services to IDPs. The implementation of efficient systems to monitor, track, and support IDP healthcare could represent a cost-effective strategy to enhance overall health outcomes.
Telehealth Equity and Access Communication Skills Pilot Simulation for Practicing Clinicians
Authors: Nash Christopher J. , Farrell Susan E. , Carreras Tartak Jossie A. , Wagner Alexei , Brandt Lea C. , Hayden Emily M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis pilot study evaluated a telehealth training simulation program for practicing clinicians, specifically focused on addressing patient issues of equity and access to healthcare via improving telehealth communication.MethodsParticipants participated in a one-hour simulation experience with two cases. Performance was assessed pre- and post-intervention using a checklist measuring communication domains related to equity and access in telehealth. Participant satisfaction was secondarily measured via survey.ResultsResults showed measurable gains in clinicians’ abilities to effectively incorporate equity and access communication skills. Participants found the session useful and recommended the training experience.ConclusionsThe findings of this pilot study highlight the potential of simulation-based telehealth training for practicing clinicians, emphasizing clinicians’ attention to patients’ equitable access to healthcare. Future studies should aim to explore the durability of learning and investigate the generalizability of this training approach to other telehealth competencies and settings.
Multi-Omics after O-GlcNAc Alteration Identifies Cellular Processes Working Synergistically to Promote Aneuploidy
Authors: Boyd Samuel S. , Robarts Dakota R. , Nguyen Khue , Villar Maite , Alghusen Ibtihal , Kotulkar Manasi , Denson Aspin , Fedosyuk Halyna , Whelan Stephen A. , Lee Norman C.Y. , Hanover John , Dias Wagner B. , Tan Ee Phie , McGreal Steven R. , Artigues Antonio , Swerdlow Russell H. , Thompson Jeffrey A. , Apte Udayan , Slawson Chad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPharmacologic or genetic manipulation of O-GlcNAcylation, an intracellular, single sugar post-translational modification, are difficult to interpret due to the pleotropic nature of O-GlcNAc and the vast signaling pathways it regulates. To address this issue, we employed either OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase), OGA (O-GlcNAcase) liver knockouts, or pharmacological inhibition of OGA coupled with multi-Omics analysis and bioinformatics. We identified numerous genes, proteins, phospho-proteins, or metabolites that were either inversely or equivalently changed between conditions. Moreover, we identified pathways in OGT knockout samples associated with increased aneuploidy. To test and validate these pathways, we induced liver growth in OGT knockouts by partial hepatectomy. OGT knockout livers showed a robust aneuploidy phenotype with disruptions in mitosis, nutrient sensing, protein metabolism/amino acid metabolism, stress response, and HIPPO signaling demonstrating how OGT is essential in controlling aneuploidy pathways. Moreover, these data show how a multi-Omics platform can discern how OGT can synergistically fine-tune multiple cellular pathways.
Utility of Cellular Measurements of Non-Specific Endocytosis to Assess the Target-Independent Clearance of Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Bryniarski Mark A. , Tuhin Md Tariqul Haque , Shomin Carolyn D. , Nasrollahi Fatemeh , Ko Eunkyung Clare , Soto Marcus , Chung Kyu , Poon-Andersen Carrie , Primack Ronya , Wong Diana , Ojeda Esperanza , Chung John , Cook Kevin D. , Conner Kip P. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPast studies have demonstrated higher clearance for monoclonal antibodies possessing increased rates of non-specific endocytosis. However, this metric is oftentimes evaluated indirectly using biophysical techniques or cell surface binding studies that may not provide insight into the specific rates of cellular turnover. Furthermore, few examples evaluating non-specific endocytosis have been reported for a therapeutic antibody that reached clinical assessment. In the current report, we evaluated a therapeutic human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal antibody targeted against the interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Rα) that exhibited elevated target independent clearance in previous Phase 1 and 2 studies. We confirmed high non-specific clearance of the anti-IL-4Rα antibody as compared to a reference antibody during pharmacokinetic assessments in wild type mice where target-mediated disposition was absent. We then developed a cell-based method capable of measuring cellular protein endocytosis and demonstrated the anti-IL-4Rα antibody exhibited marked non-specific uptake relative to the reference compound. Antibody homology modeling identified the anti-IL-4Rα antibody possessed positive charge patches whose removal via targeted mutations substantially reduced its non-specific endocytosis. We then expanded the scope of the study by evaluating a panel of consisting of both preclinical and clinical monoclonal antibodies and demonstrate those with the highest rates of non-specific uptakein vitroexhibit elevated target independent clearance, low subcutaneous bioavailability, or both. Our results support the observation that high non-specific endocytosis is a negative attribute in monoclonal antibody development and demonstrate the utility of a generic cell-based screen as a quantitative tool to measure non-specific endocytosis of protein therapeutics at the single-cell level.Highlights- Developed a novel, reproducible cellular assay to directly quantify non-specific endocytosis of therapeutic proteins.- A previous clinical candidate monoclonal antibody with rapid target-independent clearance in mice and humans possessed extensive non-specific endocytosis that was due to exposed positive charge features.- Demonstration of distinct rates of endocytosis into mammalian cells for disparate monoclonal antibodies, even those with common specificity for targets or isoelectric points.- Cell-based assay to quantify the potential impact of non-specific endocytosis on target-independent clearance and/or subcutaneous bioavailability of monoclonal antibodies.
Default prediction modeling (DPM) with machine learning algorithms: case of non-financial listed companies in Pakistan
Authors: Alvi Jahanzaib , Arif Imtiaz 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe crux of this paper is to unveil efficient features and practical tools that can predict credit default.Design/methodology/approachAnnual data of non-financial listed companies were taken from 2000 to 2020, along with 71 financial ratios. The dataset was bifurcated into three panels with three default assumptions. Logistic regression (LR) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) binary classification algorithms were used to estimate credit default in this research.FindingsThe study’s findings revealed that features used in Model 3 (Case 3) were the efficient and best features comparatively. Results also showcased that KNN exposed higher accuracy than LR, which proves the supremacy of KNN on LR.Research limitations/implicationsUsing only two classifiers limits this research for a comprehensive comparison of results; this research was based on only financial data, which exhibits a sizeable room for including non-financial parameters in default estimation. Both limitations may be a direction for future research in this domain.Originality/valueThis study introduces efficient features and tools for credit default prediction using financial data, demonstrating KNN’s superior accuracy over LR and suggesting future research directions.
Determinants of residential land value – a study of Delhi, India
Authors: Sharma Sumant , Bajaj Deepak , Tirumala Raghu Dharmapuri 
Published: April 2024

PurposeLand value in urban areas in India is influenced by regulations, bylaws and the amenities associated with them. Planning interventions play a significant role in enhancing the quality of the neighbourhood, thereby resulting in a change in its value. Land is a distinct commodity due to its fixed location, and planning interventions are also specific to certain locations. Consequently, the factors influencing land value will vary across different areas. While recent literature has explored some determinants of land value individually, conducting a comprehensive study specific to each location would be more beneficial for making informed policy decisions. Therefore, this article aims to examine and identify the critical factors that impact the value of residential land in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a combination of semi-structured and structured interview methods to construct a Relative Importance Index (RII) and ascertain the critical determinants affecting residential land value. A sample of 36 experts, comprising property valuers, urban planners and real estate professionals operating within the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India, were selected using snowball sampling techniques. Subsequently, rank correlation and ANOVA methods were employed to evaluate the obtained results.FindingsLocation and stage of urban development are the most critical determinants in determining residential land values in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, India. The study identifies a total of 13 critical determinants.Practical implicationsA scenario planning approach can be developed to achieve an equitable distribution of values and land use entropy. A land value assessment model can also be developed to assist professional valuers.Originality/valueThere has been a lack of emphasis on assessing the impact of planning interventions and territorial regulation on land values in the context of Delhi. This study will contribute to policy decision-making by developing a rank list of planning-based determinants of land value.
Exploring the utilities of rice straw black liquor (Part X): biomass-derived copper (lignin/silica/fatty acids) complex as a natural antioxidant for EPDM composites (Part V)
Authors: Sabry Othman Hoda Sabry , El-Sabbagh Salwa H. , Nawwar Galal A. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the behavior of the green biomass-derived copper (lignin/silica/fatty acids) complex, copper lignin/silica/fatty acids (Cu-LSF) complex, when incorporated into the nonpolar ethylene propylene diene (EPDFM) rubber matrix, focusing on its reinforcing and antioxidant effect on the resulting EPDM composites.

Design/methodology/approach
The structure of the prepared EPDM composites was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the dispersion of the additive fillers and antioxidants in the EPDM matrix was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Also, the rheometric characteristics, mechanical properties, swelling behavior and thermal gravimetric analysis of all the prepared EPDM composites were explored as well.

Findings
Results revealed that the Cu-LSF complex dispersed well in the nonpolar EPDM rubber matrix, in thepresence of coupling system, with enhanced Cu-LSF-rubber interactions and increased cross-linking density, which reflected on the improved rheological and mechanical properties of the resulting EPDM composites. From the various investigations performed in the current study, the authors can suggest 7–11 phr is the optimal effective concentration of Cu-LSF complex loading. Interestingly, EPDM composites containing Cu-LSF complex showed better antiaging performance, thermal stability and fluid resistance, when compared with those containing the commercial antioxidants (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and N-isopropyl-N’-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine). These findings are in good agreement with our previous study on polar nitrile butadiene rubber.

Originality/value
The current study suggests the green biomass-derived Cu-LSF complex to be a promising low-cost and environmentally safe alternative filler and antioxidant to the hazardous commercial ones.
Nickelophilic root foraging by the nickel hyperaccumulator, Streptanthus polygaloides subsp. undulatus (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Mincey Katherine A. , Boyd Robert S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRoot foraging may allow hyperaccumulator plants to enhance element accumulation. This study compared root proliferation of two annual serpentine endemics: Streptanthus polygaloides (Ni hyperaccumulator) and Streptanthus insignis (nonhyperaccumulator). In a greenhouse experiment, pots were divided by a sealed partition, Ni‐amended soil (800 mg kg −1) in one half, unamended soil in the other. Seeds were germinated over the partition, allowing roots to explore both soils. After 5 months, roots from each side of each pot were harvested, washed, dried, and weighed. Streptanthus polygaloides root biomass was significantly (twofold) greater in Ni‐amended soil whereas S. insignis root biomass was similar in the two soils. In a lab experiment, seedlings were grown in vertical agar‐filled petri dishes to determine if Ni affected seedling root growth. Seedlings were placed on either side of a central filter paper strip soaked in either NiCl2 solution or deionized water. Growth direction of the primary root (toward, away, neutral) and lateral root numbers and lengths were recorded. For seedlings, primary root direction and lateral root numbers/lengths were significantly increased toward Ni‐soaked filter paper only for S. polygaloides. We conclude that S. polygaloides exhibited positive root foraging responses. These may enhance Ni uptake and we suggest the term “nickelophilic root foraging” be applied to this behavior.
Post‐COVID anxiety, depression, and quality of life among Egyptian hemodialysis patients
Authors: Shaban Rehab AlSayed , Abdulgalil Ahmed E. , Bahie Ahmed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis study examined the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on anxiety, depression, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) among Egyptian hemodialysis (HD) patients.MethodsThis multicenter cross‐sectional study was carried out in Egypt in the years 2021–2022, where 300 HD patients from four HD centers were allocated into two groups: post‐COVID and non‐COVID. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Kidney Disease QOL‐36 questionnaire were used to assess anxiety, depression, and QOL of the included patients.ResultsIn the post‐COVID group, abnormal and borderline cases of anxiety and depression were detected in 38.6% and 62.5% of patients, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. The post‐COVID group showed higher work status and lower sexual and physical functioning, which correlated negatively with anxiety and depression scores.ConclusionPast‐COVID infection did not influence depression and anxiety symptoms in HD patients. Sexual and physical functioning were more affected among COVID‐survivors.
Differences in cancer clinical trial activity and trial characteristics at metropolitan and rural trial sites in Victoria, Australia
Authors: McPhee Narelle J. , Leach Michael , Nightingale Claire E. , Harris Samuel J. , Segelov Eva , Ristevski Eli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveCancer clinical trials (CCTs) provide access to emerging therapies and extra clinical care. We aimed to describe the volume and characteristics of CCTs available across Victoria, Australia, and identify factors associated with rural trial location.MethodsQuantitative analysis of secondary data from Cancer Council Victoria's Clinical Trials Management Scheme dataset.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was used.SettingCCTs were available Victoria‐wide in 2018.ParticipantsThere were 1669 CCTs and 5909 CCT participants.Main Outcome MeasuresRural CCT location was assessed as a binary variable with categories of ‘yes’ (modified Monash [MM] categories 2–7) and ‘no’ (MM category 1). MM categories were determined from postcodes. The highest (‘least rural’) MM category was used for postcodes with multiple MM categories.ResultsOf 1669 CCTs, 168 (10.1%) were conducted in rural areas. Of 5909 CCT participants, 315 (5.3%) participated in rural CCTs. There were 526 CCTs (31.5%) with 1907 (32.3%) newly enrolled participants. Of 1892 newly enrolled participants with postcode data, 488 (25.8%) were rural residents. Of them, 368 (75.4%) participated in metropolitan CCTs. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis for all 1669 CCTs, odds of a rural rather than metropolitan CCT location were significantly (p‐value <0.05) lower for early‐phase than late‐phase trials and non‐solid than solid tumour trials but significantly (p‐value <0.05) higher for non‐industry than industry‐sponsored trials.ConclusionsIn Victoria, 10% of CCTs are at rural sites. Most rural‐residing CCT participants travel to metropolitan sites, where there are more late‐phase, non‐solid‐tumour and industry‐sponsored trials. Approaches to increase the volume and variety of rural CCTs should be considered.
Use of portable single‐lead electrocardiogram device as an alternative for QTc monitoring in critically ill patients
Authors: Rebolledo‐Del Toro Martin , Carvajalino‐Galeano Ana Beatriz , Pinto‐Brito Clarena , Muñoz‐Velandia Oscar Mauricio , García‐Peña Ángel Alberto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeAcquired QT prolongation is frequent and leads to a higher mortality rate in critically ill patients. KardiaMobile 1L® (KM1L) is a portable, user‐friendly single lead, mobile alternative to conventional 12‐lead electrocardiogram (12‐L ECG) that could be more readily available, potentially facilitating more frequent QTc assessments in intensive care units (ICU); however, there is currently no evidence to validate this potential use.MethodsWe conducted a prospective diagnostic test study comparing QT interval measurement using KM1L with conventional 12‐L ECG ordered for any reason in patients admitted to an ICU. We compared the mean difference using a paired t‐test, agreement using Bland–Altman analysis, and Lin's concordance coefficient, numerical precision (proportion of QT measurements with <10 ms difference between KM1L and conventional 12‐L ECG), and clinical precision (concordance for adequate discrimination of prolonged QTc).ResultsWe included 114 patients (61.4% men, 60% cardiovascular etiology of hospitalization) with 131 12‐L ECG traces. We found no statistical difference between corrected QT measurements (427 ms vs. 428 ms, p = .308). Lin's concordance coefficient was 0.848 (95% CI 0.801–0.894, p = .001). Clinical precision was excellent in males and substantial in females (Kappa 0.837 and 0.781, respectively). Numerical precision was lower in patients with vasoactive drugs (−13.99 ms), QT‐prolonging drugs (13.84 ms), antiarrhythmic drugs (−12.87 ms), and a heart rate (HR) difference of ≥5 beats per minute (bpm) between devices (−11.26 ms).ConclusionOur study validates the clinical viability of KM1L, a single‐lead mobile ECG device, for identifying prolonged QT intervals in ICU patients. Caution is warranted in patients with certain medical conditions that may affect numerical precision.