bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunocytochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in fine‐needle aspirates from patients with diverse breast diseases
Authors: Alexiev Borislav A. , Valkov Ivan N. , Popov Alexander A. , Marinov Vasil S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspirates and paraffin‐embedded tissue sections from 91 cases with diverse breast diseases were immunostained with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody using a BioGenex StrAviGen kit based on the biotin‐streptavidin amplified methodology. The results were compared with histopathologic tumor type and tumor stage. CEA was not expressed in fibrocystic changes with mild or florid epithelial hyperplasia (n = 23) and fibroadenomas (n = 8). On the other hand, 90% (56/60) of primary breast carcinomas showed positive cytoplasmic staining for CEA. No correlation was found between CEA expression, histopathologic tumor type, and tumor stage. We suggest that CEA immunocytochemistry will help in the accurate diagnosis of primary breast carcinoma in fine‐needle aspirates in addition to the usual cytological criteria.
Specimen adequacy evaluation in gynecologic cytopathology: Current laboratory practice in the college of american pathologists interlaboratory comparison program and tentative guidelines for future practice
Authors: Nielsen Mary L. , Davey Diane D. , Kline Tilde S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRoutine specimen adequacy evaluation, as advocated by The Bethesda System (TBS), can play an important role in improving the sensitivity and accuracy of cervical cytopathology screening. The effectiveness of this measure, however, has been limited by the lack of uniform criteria for adequacy. Practice parameters are now emerging, through TBS development of tentative criteria and interlaboratory comparison of adequacy practices. This study reviews 1 nationwide responses to surveys of laboratory practices in the College of American Pathologists Interlaboratory Comparison Program in Cervicovaginal Cytology (CAP PAP); 2 the definitions of adequacy based on TBS; and 3 the results of implementation of these criteria in a private independent laboratory, university hospital laboratory, and private nonprofit hospital laboratory. In the initial CAP PAP survey in 1990, 35% of responding laboratories routinely reported specimen adequacy, increasing to 66% in 1991 and 85% in 1992. Interlaboratory variations in adequacy practices were observed, however, underscoring the need for consensus criteria. The experience in the authors' laboratories indicates that TBS criteria can serve as a sound guideline. Effective implementation of adequacy assessment in the individual laboratory requires careful attention to ensuring the quality of adequacy ratings, correlating clinical and prior laboratory information, issuing clear and concise reports, and giving recommendations judiciously. Through interlaboratory comparison and consistent intralaboratory emphasis on specimen adequacy, greater uniformity of adequacy assessment can be achieved, and adequacy evaluation can achieve its promise of improving the quality of cervical cytopathology.
Reactive change and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in papanicolaou smears: A cytohistologic correlation
Authors: Sidawy Mary K. , Tabbara Sana O. , Wilbur David C. , Bonfiglio Thomas A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to delineate morphologic criteria for the terms reactive/reparative change (RC) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), which were proposed by the Bethesda System, and to evaluate the impact of the new terminology on patient management. Using criteria defined in this article, 88 cervical smears originally reported as “atypia” were reclassified as RC (57) and ASCUS (31). Correlation with the colposcopically directed biopsies was as follows: 3/57 RC showed condyloma and 19/31 ASCUS had squamous lesions (14 condyloma, four mild, and one moderate dysplasia). The remainder of the cases had either cervicitis or no significant abnormality histologically. Using the proposed criteria, 61.3% of ASCUS correlated with positive biopsies, compared to 5.2% of the RC cases. Our results indicate that patients with smears showing RC are significantly less likely to have a squamous lesion as compared to those showing ASCUS, and therefore may be managed more conservatively.
Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal diseases: Rapid identification by endoscopic brush cytology
Authors: Francesco F. , Nicòtina P. A. , Picciotto M. , Martines F. , Ferlazzo G. , D'aquino A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious reports showed Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in type B gastritis‐affected stomachs. This study was carried out to compare H. pylori staining effectiveness on biopsy to brush cytology. Tissue and brush parallel samples of gastric mucosa with abnormal or normal appearances were examined: 57.6% H. pylori‐positive pieces from the antrum and 19.2% from the body were found, versus 65.3% and 25% H. pylori‐positive brush smears, respectively. H. pylori resembling organisms were mainly related to chronic and acute antral inflammations and were often associated with higher amounts of round‐shaped cocco‐bacteria. In addition, H. pylori direct stain on brushing is proposed as the most rapid and reliable method for the routine diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, in both ulcer or nonulcer gastritis.
Spindle cell lipoma of the breast: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lew W. Y. C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNA) was performed on a breast lump in a 66‐year‐old female, clinically thought to be a carcinoma. The cytological findings were reported as suspicious of malignancy. Subsequent histological examination showed a tumour macroscopically and microscopically identical with six other cases previously described as benign spindle cell tumours of the breast. This report highlights yet another diagnostic pitfall in FNA cytology of the breast. The presence of floret cells in this case has not been previously reported but supports the concept that this lesion is the same as a spindle cell lipoma, from which it is virtually indistinguishable on light microscopy. The lesion affects both mate and female breast, is predominantly single but may be multiple, and follows a benign course. Local excision is curative.
Primary mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid: Diagnosis by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Larson Richard S. , Wick Mark R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has been recognized as a safe and reliable procedure in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. We herein report a case of a low‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid that was diagnosed with this technique. Examination of an intra‐operative FNAB showed cohesive clusters of polygonal squamoid cells with distinct cellular borders, uniform round nuclei, distinct nucleoli, and homogeneous amphophilic to cyanophilic cytoplasm. Focal keratin “pearl” formation was apparent, along with extracellular, lightly basophilic mucin deposits mantled by squamoid cells. These cytologic features are characteristic of low‐grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, as seen in other anatomic sites. This impression was confirmed by examination of paraffin sections. Previous reports have indicated that mucoepidermoid thyroid carcinoma is an indolent, locally recurring lesion. However, in spite of low‐grade histology in our case, the neoplasm presented with distant metastases to bones, pleura, and lung.
Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (kikuchi's disease): Cytologic diagnosis by fine‐needle biopsy
Authors: Greenberg Merle L. , Cartwright Lyn , McDonald David A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA cytologic diagnosis of histiocytic nerotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's lymphadenitis) was made in a 14‐yr‐old female with cervical lymphadenopathy, Fever, neutropenia, and hepatosplenomegaly. A predominance of reticulum cells, foamy macrophages, and karyorrhectic debirs are cluse to the diagnosis in the fine‐needle biopsy smears. Subsequent histology confirmed the diagnosis of Kikuchi's lymphadenitis. The differential diagnoses are discussed including malignant lymphoma, which was excluded by morphology as well as flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies.
Fine‐needle aspiration of histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease)
Authors: Hsueh Erh‐Jueng , Ko Wang‐Shen , Hwang Wei‐Shou , Yam Lung T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the lymph node was done in five patients with histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease). In four patients, the aspirates were found to have many small and large atypical lymphocytes, some reactive, phagocytic histiocytes, and intense extracellular debris. Neutrophils, plasma cells, or multinucleated giant cells were not seen. These cytologic findings were considered diagnostic for Kikuchi's disease. In one patient, the aspirate did not show significant histiocytosis or tissue necrosis and was considered nondiagnostic. In patients with both typical clinical features and characteristic cytologic findings in the lymph node aspirates, FNA of the lymph node alone will suffice for diagnosis. In those patients with typical clinical features but nondiagnostic findings in the FNA aspirates, the diagnosis of Kikuchi's disease may have to be established either on repeated nodal FNA or on lymph node biopsy.
Nucleolar organiser regions of mesothelial and carcinomatous cells in effusions
Authors: Trevisan Miriam S. , Souza M. InêS , Magna Luís A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe AgNor reaction was performed on effusions and peritoneal washings, and the silver dots were counted on normal or reactive mesothelial cells vs. carcinomatous cells, ascertained by previous HE staining. The mean values were 1.64 for the former (n=20) and 4.90 for the latter (n=10). The intersection between the two group distributions was 2.78, leaving a chance of only 0.65% for a false‐positive result. The method may thus be helpful in the interpretation of doubtful cytological cases.
Cervical cytology findings in women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Henry‐Stanley Michelle J. , Simpson Margaret , Stanley Michael W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt has been suggested that immunocompromised, HIV‐infected patients are at risk of developing HPV infection and SIL. The well documented role of HPV and SIL in cervical carcinogenesis should lead to frequent, careful evaluation of HIV infected women. Forty‐four cervical smears from 23 patients (20 HIV and 3 AIDS) were reviewed. While 11 of the 23 patients produced negative smears, 11 had abnormal cytological findings on at least one occasion. Sixteen smears (36 percent) from 10 patients (43%) showed evidence of HPV and/or SIL Two smears (two patients) were assigned to the benign epithelial atypia category. (One of these showed keratosis which may indicate HPV infection.) Six smears (three patients) represented either a severe Trichomonas, fungal (Candida sp.), or Herpes infection. Three smears were deemed unsatisfactory for diagnosis due to severe acute inflammation or obscuring blood. Five biopsies were available. In four, histologic findings supported the original cytologic diagnosis. One patient with a negative smear had a biopsy showing condyloma. This study further supports an association of HPV and/or cervical dysplasia with HIV. Careful evaluation and follow‐up of HIV‐infected women is essential.
Fine‐needle aspiration of six carotid body paragangliomas
Authors: Fleming Marian V. , Oertel Yolanda C. , Ren Rodríguez E. É , Fidler William J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report six carotid body paragangliomas diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in five patients. A total of eight aspirations were performed. The cytologic findings are characteristic: hemorrhagic background, hypo‐ to hypercellular smears (depending on the skill of the aspirator) with cells having delicate, illdefined, vacuolated cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei with distinct nucleoli, rare intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, and prominent rosette formation. No complications arose in any of the eight aspirations. FNA is a safe, accurate means of diagnosing carotid body paragangliomas. It can provide essential information for treatment planning and patient management.
Utility of BER‐EP4 in the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in effusions: An immunocytochemical study of 232 cases
Authors: Diaz‐Arias Alberto A. , Loy Timothy S. , Bickel John T. , Chapman Robert K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe usefulness of a new commercially available monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BER‐EP4 was evaluated. This MoAb is directed against a cell surface glycoprotein reported to be present in most epithelial cells and epithelial tumors but not in mesothelial cells. Cell block sections from 103 adenocarcinomatous and 129 benign effusions were studied. Positive staining was seen in 85 of the 103 (83%) malignant effusions. Immunoreactivity was seen in 73‐93% of adenocarcinomas from the ovary, gastrointestinal tract, lung, and breast. Mesothelial cells from 3 of the 129 (2%) benign effusions showed positive staining. It is concluded that immunocytochemical staining with MoAb BER‐EP4 is a sensitive and specific aid in distinguishing reactive mesothelial cells from adenocarcinoma cells in body fluids.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of extramedullary hematopoiesis (myeloid metaplasia)
Authors: Raab Stephen S. , Silverman Jan F. , McLeod Darryl L. , Geisinger Kim R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMyeloproliferative disease may be associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis (EH). Clinically, however, the differential diagnosis of solid masses in these patients includes not only EH but also inflammatory lesions and malignant neoplasms, including granulocytic sarcoma. We report the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of extramedullary hematopoiesis in five patients with a history of myeloproliferative disease. All of the masses developed subsequent to the diagnosis of myeloproliferative disease. Two of the patients had chronic myelogenous leukemia, one had essential thrombocythemia, and two had an unspecified chronic myeloproliferative disorder. The patients ranged in age from 50 to 88 years, and all presented with solid masses involving the kidney (two aspirates), liver (one aspirate), and lymph nodes (three aspirates). One of the lymph node aspirates was from a paratracheal lymph node. Cytologically, the lesions were composed of varying numbers of hematopoietic cells from all three hematologic cell lines. The Diff‐Quik stain was especially helpful in the recognition of the hematopoietic cells such as granulocytic precursors, eosinophils, and megakaryocytes. In several cases, the megakaryocytic component was particularly prominent. In one case, the Factor VIII immunoperoxidase stain was used to confirm the megakaryocytic lineage of the multinucleated cells. The cytologic differential diagnosis, which includes granulocytic sarcoma, inflammatory disorders, and other lesions containing multinucleated giant cells, is discussed.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of langerhans histiocytosis (histiocytosis‐x)
Authors: Akhtar Mohammed , Ali Muhammad Ashraf , Bakry Mohammed , Sackey Kwesi , Sabbah Rajeh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA series of 14 fine‐needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) from histologically proven cases of histiocytosis‐x (Hx) were renewed. The smears revealed a variable mixture of Langerhan cells, eosinophils, macrophages, polymorphonuclear cells, and giant cells. Based on the predominant cells present, the cases were further categorized as Langerhan cell predominant (nine cases), eosinophil predominant (two cases), and macrophage predominant (three cases). Langerhan cells were usually polygonal without significant evidence of phagocytosis and frequently contained indented nuclei. In three cases, several Langerhan cells showed prominent dendritic processes. Electron microscopy in 10 cases revealed Langerhan cells with varying degrees of morphologic differentiation. All cases studied revealed Birbeck granules. These findings indicate that FNAB may be an effective technique for diagnosing Hx.
Solid and papillary epithelial tumour of the pancreas: Cytological case study with ultrastructural and flow cytometric evaluation
Authors: Greenberg Merle L. , Rennie Yvonne , Grierson Jean M. , Quin John W. , Boadle Ross A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn intraoperative cytological diagnosis of a rare solid and papillary epithelial tumor of the pancreas was made at laparotomy in a 15‐year‐old Indian female. The characteristic cytological features were the presence of numerous large branching papillary clusters with central vascular stalks lined by multiple layers of uniform bland cells. Perivascular metachromatic material was prominent on Romanovsky stain. Ultrastructural identification of endocrine and exocrine features supports a multipotential cell origin in small pancreatic ductules. DNA analysis, not previously reported for this tumour, demonstrated a diploid population of tumour cells with a low S‐phase fraction (0.4%). This would explain the bland nuclear morphology and favourable prognosis with a high rate of surgical cure for this neoplasm.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of multiple myeloma in a patient with renal‐cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Cooper Gary L. , Shaffer Don W. , Raval Hansa B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of multiple myeloma diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and confirmed by laboratory studies in a patient with a history of renal‐cell carcinoma is presented. The patient was diagnosed with renal‐cell carcinoma of the right kidney and a radical nephrectomy was performed. Eighteen months after this diagnosis was made, the patient developed chest wall pain and was found to have osteolytic bone lesions of the ribs and vertebral bodies. FNA of an osteolytic rib lesion disclosed multiple myeloma. Additional laboratory studies confirmed the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. This case report demonstrates the value of FNA as a diagnostic tool for the follow‐up of cancer patients, the subsequent discrimination between metatastic lesions and a second primary malignancy, and the cytology of multiple myeloma.
Pleomorphic adenoma of the breast: Cytology of fine‐needle aspiration and its differential diagnosis
Authors: Kanter Michael H. , Sedeghi Masood 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic findings of a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the breast are presented. This rare tumor appeared identical to pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands. It presented diagnostic difficulties, however, because of its rarity and the fact that its associated clinical findings suggested a malignancy. The cytologic differential diagnosis includes a phyllodes tumor, fibroadenoma, and metaplastic carcinoma. Awareness of this entity should permit a definitive diagnosis by aspiration biopsy.
Malakoplakia of the vagina diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Saad A. Joe , Donovan Teresa M. , Truong Luan D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMalakoplakia is an uncommon chronic granulomatous process that most commonly affects the urinary tract, but it may rarely recur in the female genital tract. It appears to result from a defect in macrophage function resulting in an inability to destroy ingested bacteria. We describe the fine needle aspiration cytology of malakoplakia in an 84‐yr‐old woman presenting with a large pelvic mass involving the apex of the vagina. The patient's history was significant for cervical squamous cell carcinoma in the remote past. CT‐guided needle aspiration yielded cellular smears with large numbers of isolated histiocytes, as well as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells. The histiocytes had central nuclei and abundant granular cytoplasm containing target‐shaped, laminated bodies (Michaelis‐Gutmann bodies). These bodies were PAS positive and focally von Kossa positive. Large numbers of intracellular and extracellular bacteria were also seen on the smears. The characteristic cytologic findings obtained by needle aspiration were diagnostic of malakoplakia with a rare and unusual clinical presentation.
Renal splenic heterotopia, a rare mimic of renal neoplasia: Case report of imaging and fine‐needle aspiration biopsy
Authors: Forino Michael , Davis Gustave L. , Zins Jonathan H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRenal splenic heterotopia, a very rare benign occurrence of splenic tissue within the renal capsule, mimics organizing capsular hemorrhage, adenomyolipoma and renal cortical adenoma or carcinoma. It is found incidentally as a result of imaging assymptomatic kidneys for other reasons or may cause signs and symptoms due to mass effect and hypersplenism. When occurring in patients who had had splenectomy it has been classified as splenosis. When found in patients with intact spleens it is called splenorenal fusion and considered to be a developmental heterotopia. Renal splenic heterotopia can be diagnosed by 99mTc‐sulfur colloid scan and confirmed with fine needle aspiration biopsy cell block preparations. Unnecessary nephrectomy can be avoided if splenic heterotopia is included in the differential diagnosis of renal lesions, particularly in splenectomized patients.
Localized primary amyloid tumor associated with osseous metaplasia presenting as bilateral breast masses: Cytologic and radiologic features
Authors: Lynch Lori A. , Moriarty Ann T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report details the cytologic features of primary localized amyloid tumor of the breast presenting as bilateral breast masses in a 72‐yr‐old woman. Clinically and radiographically, the masses simulated metastatic or multifocal carcinoma. Fine‐needle aspiration revealed irregular globules of acellular amorphous material and numerous multinucleated giant cells resembling granulomatous inflammation. Histology confirmed amyloid tumors with a foreign‐body giant cell reaction in response to amyloid and foci of osseous metaplasia. Subsequent clinical workup included a serum electrophoresis and immunofixation which showed a small IgG k monoclonal protein. Urine immunofixation was negative for Bence Jones protein. Bone marrow examination revealed no evidence of a plasma cell dyscrasia. To date the patient has not developed clinical or laboratory evidence of systemic amyloidosis or multiple myeloma. Amyloidosis involving the breast and specifically localized primary amyloid tumors of the breast are rare and infrequently reported entities. To our knowledge, osseous metaplasia within isolated primary amyloid tumors of the breast has not been reported. We present this unusual case to illustrate the intratumoral calcification patterns mimicking carcinoma and to characterize the cytologic features. Emphasis is placed on the inclusion of amyloidosis in the differential diagnosis of breast masses.
Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous malakoplakia
Authors: Chan Alexander C. L. , Lorentz Theo G. , Ma Lily , Cheung Annie N. Y. , Tse Simon K. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 99‐yr‐old Chinese woman with cutaneous malakoplakia and concomitant urinary tract infection was reported. The patient presented with an ulcerated right lower quadrant mass and computerized tomography showed that it was limited to the skin and subcutaneous tissue with no extension to the pelvic or abdominal structures. The patient also suffered from urinary tract infection and was treated with oral norfloxacin. The ulcerated subcutaneous mass disappeared on follow‐up visit 6 months after presentation. The cytologic (fine‐needle aspiration), histologic (trucut biopsy) and ultrastructural features of cutaneous malakoplakia were described. The possible usefulness of fine‐needle aspiration in the diagnosis of this condition was discussed.