bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence‐Enhanced Waveguide “Photonic Nose”‐ Augmented Sensing Platform for VOC Gases in Mid‐Infrared
Authors: Liu Xinmiao , Zhang Zixuan , Zhou Jingkai , Liu Weixin , Zhou Guangya , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn‐chip nanophotonic waveguide sensor is a promising solution for miniaturization and label‐free detection of gas mixtures utilizing the absorption fingerprints in the mid‐infrared (MIR) region. However, the quantitative detection and analysis of organic gas mixtures is still challenging and less reported due to the overlapping of the absorption spectrum. Here,an Artificial‐Intelligence (AI) assisted waveguide “Photonic nose” is presented as an augmented sensing platform for gas mixture analysis in MIR. With the subwavelength grating cladding supported waveguide design and the help of machine learning algorithms, the MIR absorption spectrum of the binary organic gas mixture is distinguished from arbitrary mixing ratio and decomposed to the single‐component spectra for concentration prediction. As a result, the classification of 93.57% for 19 mixing ratios is realized. In addition, the gas mixture spectrum decomposition and concentration prediction show an average root‐mean‐square error of 2.44 vol%. The work proves the potential for broader sensing and analytical capabilities of the MIR waveguide platform for multiple organic gas components toward MIR on‐chip spectroscopy.
miR‐29b‐3p targetedly regulates VEGF to inhibit tumor progression and cisplatin resistance through Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Sun Zhen , Ren Mingming , Niu Jieting , Tang Guojie , Li Yanguang , Kong Fanyi , Song Xiang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundsNon‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a common type of lung cancer. Prior investigations have elucidated the pivotal role of miR‐29b‐3p in restraining tumor growth and metastasis. Nonetheless, it remains to be determined whether miR‐29b‐3p can effectively suppress NSCLC progression and enhance the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin. This investigation sought to determine the mechanism by which miR‐29b‐3p inhibited the advancement of NSCLC and mitigated resistance to cisplatin.MethodsWe initially assessed miR‐29b‐3p and VEGF levels in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Next, miR‐29b‐3p expression was elevated in NSCLC cell lines H1975 and A549 by overexpression plasmid transfection. Following this, a sequence of molecular biology experiments was conducted to evaluate the impact of miR‐29b‐3p on the biological behaviors of NSCLC cells and their resistance to cisplatin. Additionally, we predicted VEGF was a target gene of miR‐29b‐3p by bioinformatics analysis. We next employed western blot to evaluate the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO‐1 in NSCLC cells. Finally, we elucidated the effects of VEGF and Nrf2/HO‐1pathway on NSCLC progression and cisplatin resistance by in vitro assays.ResultsIn comparison to paracancerous tissues and human normal lung epithelial cells, the expression of miR‐29b‐3p was notably reduced and VEGF expression was clearly elevated in NSCLC tissues and cells. Moreover, miR‐29b‐3p upregulated obviously suppressed the biological activities of NSCLC cells and increased their sensitivity to cisplatin. Furthermore, in NSCLC cells, miR‐29b‐3p bound to VEGF and negatively regulate its transcription. Additionally, miR‐29b‐3p overexpression also inhibited the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway. Finally, the overexpression of VEGF and the activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway reversed miR‐29b‐3p‐mediated inhibitory effect on biological behaviors of NSCLC cells and increased the cisplatin resistance.ConclusionOur findings indicate that miR‐29b‐3p impedes NSCLC cells' biological behaviors and augments their sensitivity to cisplatin by targeting VEGF to modulate the Nfr2/HO‐1 signaling pathway.
Drinking water quality in Cooch Behar Municipality, West Bengal, India: Assessment using WQI and public perception
Authors: Karmakar Dilip , Sarkar Bappa , Islam Nazrul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEffective assessment and management of groundwater quality are essential for safeguarding the integrity of freshwater resources. Cooch Behar Municipality of West Bengal has been chosen for the present study due to its reliance primarily on groundwater for drinking water. The study focuses on assessing groundwater quality in the study area, a planned city with a long history of urbanization. The primary objective is to analyze various parameters relevant to drinking water and compute the Water Quality Index (WQI) with the residents' perception. Forty water samples were collected from Cooch Behar Municipality's Public Health Engineering (PHE) department, encompassing all 20 wards. Each ward provided one sample from a Deep Tube Well (DTW) and a Shallow Tube Well (STW). EC, Fe, TH, Mn, pH, TDS, Turbidity, Ca, and Mg levels were determined using standard instruments and methods, and analyzed geospatial techniques and statistical methods were employed. Results revealed concerning levels of manganese (Mn) and total hardness (TH), exceeding permissible limits in 82.5% and 75% of samples, respectively. While some parameters remained within acceptable limits, computed WQI values ranged from 63.28 to 162.67, indicating significant overall water quality concerns. Alarmingly, 45% of samples were unsuitable for drinking, with an additional 40% classified as very poor. Notably, demographic factors such as household income and education level correlated with perceptions of poor water quality. Policy implications suggest the urgent need for a well‐structured management system to address these findings and ensure safe drinking water for residents.
Rhes, a striatal enriched protein, regulates post-translational small-ubiquitin-like-modifier (SUMO) modification of nuclear proteins and alters gene expression
Authors: Rivera Oscar , Sharma Manish , Dagar Sunayana , Shahani Neelam , Ramĺrez-Jarquĺn Uri Nimrod , Crynen Gogce , Karunadharma Pabalu , McManus Francis , Bonneil Eric , Pierre Thibault , Subramaniam Srinivasa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRhes (Ras homolog enriched in the striatum), a multifunctional protein that regulates striatal functions associated with motor behaviors and neurological diseases, can shuttle from cell to cell via the formation of tunneling-like nanotubes (TNTs). However, the mechanisms by which Rhes mediates diverse functions remain unclear. Rhes is a small GTPase family member which contains a unique C-terminal Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) E3-like domain that promotes SUMO post-translational modification of proteins (SUMOylation) by promoting “cross-SUMOylation” of the SUMO enzyme SUMO E1 (Aos1/Uba2) and SUMO E2 ligase (Ubc-9). Nevertheless, the identity of the SUMO substrates of Rhes remains largely unknown. Here, by combining high throughput interactome and SUMO proteomics, we report that Rhes regulates the SUMOylation of nuclear proteins that are involved in the regulation of gene expression. Rhes increased the SUMOylation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and histone 2B, while decreasing SUMOylation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (HNRNPM), protein polybromo-1 (PBRM1) and E3 SUMO-protein ligase (PIASy). We also found that Rhes itself is SUMOylated at 6 different lysine residues (K32, K110, K114, K120, K124, and K245). Furthermore, Rhes regulated the expression of genes involved in cellular morphogenesis and differentiation in the striatum, in a SUMO-dependent manner. Our findings thus provide evidence for a previously undescribed role for Rhes in regulating the SUMOylation of nuclear targets and in orchestrating striatal gene expression via SUMOylation.
Resolvent model for aeroacoustics of trailing edge noise
Authors: Demange S. , Yuan Z. , Jekosch S. , Hanifi A. , Cavalieri A. V. G. , Sarradj E. , Kaiser T. L. , Oberleithner K. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study presents a physics-based, low-order model for the trailing edge (TE) noise generated by an airfoil at low angle of attack. The approach employs incompressible resolvent analysis of the mean flow to extract relevant spanwise-coherent structures in the transitional boundary layer and near wake. These structures are integrated into Curle’s solution to Lighthill’s acoustic analogy to obtain the scattered acoustic field. The model has the advantage of predicting surface pressure fluctuations from first principles, avoiding reliance on empirical models, but with a free amplitude set by simulation data. The model is evaluated for the transitional flow ($$\text {Re} = 5e4$$

Re
=
5
e
4

) around a NACA0012 airfoil at 3 deg angle of attack, which features TE noise with multiple tones. The mean flow is obtained from a compressible large eddy simulation, and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is employed to extract the main hydrodynamic and acoustic features of the flow. Comparisons between resolvent and SPOD demonstrate that the physics-based model accurately captures the leading coherent structures at the main tones’ frequencies, resulting in a good agreement of the reconstructed acoustic power with that of the SPOD (within 4 dB). Discrepancies are observed at high frequencies, likely linked to nonlinearities that are not considered in the resolvent analysis. The model’s directivity aligns well with the data at low Helmholtz numbers, but it fails at high frequencies where the back-scattered pressure plays a significant role in directivity. This modeling approach opens the way for efficient optimization of airfoil shapes in combination with low-fidelity mean flow solvers to reduce TE noise.

Graphical abstract
Interaction of the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib with the organic cation transporter 2
Authors: Ahmed Eltayeb Sara , Dressler Julia M. , Schlatt Lukas , Pernecker Moritz , Neugebauer Ute , Karst Uwe , Ciarimboli Giuliano 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOxaliplatin (OHP) is effective in colorectal cancer treatment but induces peripheral neurotoxicity (OHP-induced peripheral neurotoxicity, OIPN), diminishing survivor quality of life. Organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) is a key OHP uptake pathway in dorsal root ganglia. Competing for OCT2-mediated OHP uptake, such as with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib, may mitigate OHP side effects. We investigated OHP and dasatinib interaction with OCT2 in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells expressing OCT2 within a 10–3 to 10–7 M concentration range. Uptake competition experiments using fluorescent organic cation 4-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-N-methylpyridinium (ASP+, 1 µM) and mass spectrometry (MS) to determine cellular platinum content indicated that OHP (100 µM) is an OCT2 substrate, mediating OHP cellular toxicity. ASP+ and MS analysis revealed dasatinib as a non-transported inhibitor of hOCT2 (IC50 = 5.9 µM) and as a regulator of OCT2 activity. Dasatinib reduced transporter Vmax, potentially via Y544 phosphorylation suppression. MS analysis showed cellular dasatinib accumulation independent of hOCT2. Although 3 µM dasatinib reduced 100 µM OHP accumulation in hOCT2-HEK293 cells, co-incubation with dasatinib and OHP did not prevent OHP toxicity, possibly due to dasatinib-induced cell viability reduction. In summary, this study demonstrates OHP as an OCT2 substrate and dasatinib as a non-transported inhibitor and regulator of OCT2, offering potential for OIPN mitigation.
Spectrally separated dual-label upconversion luminescence lateral flow assay for cancer-specific STn-glycosylation in CA125 and CA15-3
Authors: Ekman Miikka , Salminen Teppo , Raiko Kirsti , Soukka Tero , Gidwani Kamlesh , Martiskainen Iida 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultiplexed lateral flow assays (LFAs) offer efficient on-site testing by simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers from a single sample, reducing costs. In cancer diagnostics, where biomarkers can lack specificity, multiparameter detection provides more information at the point-of-care. Our research focuses on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), where STn-glycosylated forms of CA125 and CA15-3 antigens can better discriminate cancer from benign conditions. We have developed a dual-label LFA that detects both CA125-STn and CA15-3-STn within a single anti-STn antibody test line. This utilizes spectral separation of green (540 nm) and blue (450 nm) emitting erbium (NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+)- and thulium (NaYF4: Yb3+, Tm3+)-doped upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP) reporters conjugated with antibodies against the protein epitopes in CA125 or CA15-3. This technology allows the simultaneous detection of different antigen variants from a single test line. The developed proof-of-concept dual-label LFA was able to distinguish between the ascites fluid samples from diagnosed ovarian cancer patients (n = 10) and liver cirrhosis ascites fluid samples (n = 3) used as a negative control. The analytical sensitivity of CA125-STn for the dual-label LFA was 1.8 U/ml in buffer and 3.6 U/ml in ascites fluid matrix. Here we demonstrate a novel approach of spectrally separated measurement of STn-glycosylated forms of two different cancer-associated protein biomarkers by using UCNP reporter technology.
Graphical Abstract
On the Existence of Global Weak Solutions to the 3D Electrically Conductive Rosensweig System and Their Convergence Towards Quasi-Equilibrium
Authors: Ndongmo Ngana A. , Razafimandimby P. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study an electrically conductive Rosensweig model for ferrofluids, whose Bloch–Torrey regularization was studied by Hamdache and Hamroun (Appl Math Optim 81(2):479–509, 2020). We mainly prove the global existence of weak solutions to the non-regularized model under a certain smallness condition on the electric conductivity. Hence, our result not only solves a problem that was left open by Hamdache and Hamroun, but it can also serve as a confirmation that ferrofluids are naturally poor conductors of electric current. The proof, which is interesting in itself, is quite involved and relies on the Helmohltz–Leray decomposition of the magnetic fields and the use of renormalized solutions for the magnetization. We also give a rigorous and detailed description of the convergence of the global weak solutions towards the quasi-equilibrium in the relaxation time limit regime $$\tau \rightarrow 0$$

τ
→
0

.
A physics-informed deep learning approach for solving strongly degenerate parabolic problems
Authors: Ambrosio Pasquale , Cuomo Salvatore , De Rosa Mariapia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn recent years, Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) methods for solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) have gained increasing popularity. Within such a paradigm, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are novel deep learning frameworks for solving initial-boundary value problems involving nonlinear PDEs. Recently, PINNs have shown promising results in several application fields. Motivated by applications to gas filtration problems, here we present and evaluate a PINN-based approach to predict solutions to strongly degenerate parabolic problems with asymptotic structure of Laplacian type. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first papers demonstrating the efficacy of the PINN framework for solving such kind of problems. In particular, we estimate an appropriate approximation error for some test problems whose analytical solutions are fortunately known. The numerical experiments discussed include two and three-dimensional spatial domains, emphasizing the effectiveness of this approach in predicting accurate solutions.
Stable fixation using absorbable sutures in craniofacial surgery in patients over 24 months of age—a retrospective study
Authors: Faber Julian , Linz Christian , Böhm Hartmut , Kunz Felix , Schweitzer Tilmann 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In craniofacial surgery, the stable fixation of transposed bone segments is crucial in order to ensure good long-term results. The use of absorbable material in fixation avoids the need for a second surgery, which would otherwise be required to remove osteosynthesis material. The authors of the present manuscript have already demonstrated that absorbable sutures ensure the stable fixation of bone segments in patients up to 24 months of age. However, it has thus far remained unclear whether stable fixation is possible in older patients by using only absorbable sutures due to the slower bone remodelling and prolonged healing time in this cohort.

Method
For the present study, osteosynthesis was performed in 50 patients ranging from 25.7 to 192.1 months of age (mean, 61.4 ± 21.7 months) using solely absorbable sutures (PDS II®, Ethicon, Germany). Post-operative stability and possible restrictions—such as foreign body reactions—were evaluated within clinical and radiological routine follow-ups.

Results
All children demonstrated clinically and radiologically stable osteosynthesis both directly post-operatively and in follow-ups. No significant foreign body reaction could be seen.

Conclusion
The present study demonstrates—for the first time—that absorbable sutures with a longer absorption period are also very well suited for the fixation of bone segments in patients over 24 months of age. The sole use of absorbable sutures in children over 24 months of age is a safe procedure with nearly no foreign body reactions. The procedure enables stable and highly cost-effective osteosynthesis without altering the osteotomy design.
Association of an impaired GH-IGF-I axis with cardiac wasting in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Fröhlich Ann-Kathrin , Porthun Jan , Talha Khawaja M. , Lena Alessia , Hadzibegovic Sara , Wilkenshoff Ursula , Sonntag Frederike , Nikolski Anja , Ramer Luisa Valentina , Zeller Tanja , Keller Ulrich , Bullinger Lars , Anker Stefan D. , Haverkamp Wilhelm , von Haehling Stephan , Doehner Wolfram , Rauch Ursula , Skurk Carsten , Cleland John G. F. , Butler Javed , Coats Andrew J. S. , Landmesser Ulf , Karakas Mahir , Anker Markus S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Growth hormone (GH) resistance is characterized by high GH levels but low levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) and, for patients with chronic disease, is associated with the development of cachexia.

Objectives
We investigated whether GH resistance is associated with changes in left ventricular (LV) mass (cardiac wasting) in patients with cancer.

Methods
We measured plasma IGF-I, GH, and GHBP in 159 women and 148 men with cancer (83% stage III/IV). Patients were grouped by tertile of echocardiographic LVmass/height2 (women, < 50, 50–61, > 61 g/m2; men, < 60, 60–74, > 74 g/m2) and by presence of wasting syndrome with unintentional weight loss (BMI < 24 kg/m2 and weight loss ≥ 5% in the prior 12 months). Repeat echocardiograms were obtained usually within 3–6 months for 85 patients.

Results
Patients in the lowest LVmass/height2 tertile had higher plasma GH (median (IQR) for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tertile women, 1.8 (0.9–4.2), 0.8 (0.2–2.2), 0.5 (0.3–1.6) ng/mL, p = 0.029; men, 2.1 (0.8–3.2), 0.6 (0.1–1.7), 0.7 (0.2–1.9) ng/mL, p = 0.003). Among women, lower LVmass was associated with higher plasma IGF-I (68 (48–116), 72 (48–95), 49 (35–76) ng/mL, p = 0.007), whereas such association did not exist for men. Patients with lower LVmass had lower log IGF-I/GH ratio (women, 1.60 ± 0.09, 2.02 ± 0.09, 1.88 ± 0.09, p = 0.004; men, 1.64 ± 0.09, 2.14 ± 0.11, 2.04 ± 0.11, p = 0.002). GHBP was not associated with LVmass. Patients with wasting syndrome with unintentional weight loss had higher plasma GH and GHBP, lower log IGF-I/GH ratio, and similar IGF-I. Overall, GHBP correlated inversely with log IGF-I/GH ratio (women, r =  − 0.591, p < 0.001; men, r =  − 0.575, p < 0.001). Additionally, higher baseline IGF-I was associated with a decline in LVmass during follow-up (r =  − 0.318, p = 0.003).

Conclusion
In advanced cancer, reduced LVmass is associated with increased plasma GH and reduced IGF-I/GH ratio, suggesting increasing GH resistance, especially for patients with wasting syndrome with unintentional weight loss. Higher baseline IGF-I was associated with a decrease in relative LVmass during follow-up.

Graphical abstract
Detection sensitivity of fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy for laser-induced selective damage of retinal pigment epithelium
Authors: Sonntag Svenja Rebecca , Hamann Maximilian , Seifert Eric , Grisanti Salvatore , Brinkmann Ralf , Miura Yoko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the sensitivity of fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) to detect retinal laser spots by comparative analysis with other imaging modalities.

Methods
A diode laser with a wavelength of 514 nm was applied with pulse durations of 5.2, 12, 20, and 50 µs. The laser pulse energy was increased so that the visibility of the laser spot by slit-lamp fundus examination (SL) under the irradiator’s observation covers from the subvisible to visible range immediately after irradiation. The irradiated areas were then examined by fundus color photography (FC), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (AF), FLIO, and fluorescein angiography (FA). The visibility of a total of over 2200 laser spots was evaluated by two independent researchers, and effective dose (ED) 50 laser pulse energy values were calculated for each imaging modality and compared.

Results
Among examined modalities, FA showed the lowest mean of ED50 energy value and SL the highest, that is, they had the highest and lowest sensitivity to detect retinal pigment epithalium (RPE)-selective laser spots, respectively. FLIO also detected spots significantly more sensitively than SL at most laser pulse durations and was not significantly inferior to FA. AF was also often more sensitive than SL, but the difference was slightly less significant than FLIO.

Conclusion
Considering its high sensitivity in detecting laser spots and previously reported potential of indicating local wound healing and metabolic changes around laser spots, FLIO may be useful as a non-invasive monitoring tool during and after minimally invasive retinal laser treatment.
The time course of spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes
Authors: Neubauer Jonas , Gelisken Faik , Ozturk Taylan , Bartz-Schmidt Karl-Ulrich , Dimopoulos Spyridon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (iFTMH) has been reported regularly. However, little is known about its probability and timeline.

Methods
In this retrospective study all consecutive patients who presented between August 2008 and August 2019 were screened for the presence of a macular hole and only iFTMHs were included. The primary outcome measure was the spontaneous closure of the iFTMH.

Results
Of 1256 eyes with macular holes, 338 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Spontaneous closure of the iFTMH was detected in 31 eyes (9.2%) with a median time of 44 days after diagnosis. Eyes exhibiting spontaneous closure demonstrated a higher baseline best-corrected visual-acuity (BCVA) and smaller iFTMH diameter (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The mean BCVA improved from 0.4 logMAR (SD ± 0.21) to 0.29 logMAR (SD ± 0.20) after spontaneous closure (p = 0.031). The iFTMH diameter was positively correlated with the time to spontaneous closure (Pearson-r = 0.37, p = 0.0377). Spontaneously closed iFTMHs reopened in 16% (n = 5) of cases, with a median of 136 days after closure. A logistic regression model showed the hole diameter was associated with spontaneous closure (odds-Ratio 0.97, 95%CI [0.96, 0.98]). The Kaplan–Meier-Curve revealed that approximately 25% of small-iFTMH (n = 124) and 55% of iFTMH with a diameter < 150µm (n = 48) closed spontaneously within two months.

Conclusion
The established gold-standard for the treatment of iFTMHs is macular surgery. However, the potential for spontaneous closure of small iFTMHs must be acknowledged. Therefore, if surgical treatment is delayed in individual cases, close observation is recommended.