bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between social determinants of health and pediatric traumatic brain injury outcomes
Authors: Parsons Kendall , Mulugeta Makda G. , Bailey Gabrielle , Gillespie Scott , Johnson Laura M. , Myers Hannah E. , Reisner Andrew , Blackwell Laura S. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionSocial determinants of health (SDH) are factors that may impact outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between race and functional outcomes in a diverse pediatric population. We further explored how this association may be modified by SDH factors, including insurance status, social vulnerability, and child opportunity.MethodsA cohort study (N = 401) of children aged 0–18 [median = 9.22 years (IQR: 3.56–13.59)] presenting to the Emergency Department at Level I and II Trauma Centers with mild to severe head injuries. Geocoded variables were used to evaluate SDH. The sample was described overall and by racial/ethnic group, which were adjusted for confounders using inverse propensity treatment weights (IPTW). Weighted and unweighted Firth logistic regression models (mortality) and generalized linear regression models (GOS-E scores) were reported without and then with potential effect modifiers.ResultsThe sample is majority male (65.84%); race/ethnicity are as follows: White (52.37%), Black/African Americans (35.91%), and Hispanic (11.72%). Black (31.25%) and Hispanic (27.66%) patients had higher rates of severe TBI. 35.89% of White patients were categorized as more socially vulnerable compared to 62.68% Black and 70.21% Hispanic patients. A total 63.64% of White patients were from higher opportunity neighborhoods, compared to 25.87% of Black and 51.06% of Hispanic patients. A total 50.95% of White patients, 25.87% of Black patients, and 17.02% of Hispanic patients were privately insured. There were no differences found between racial and ethnic groups on mortality or GOS-E scores.DiscussionPatients from minority backgrounds had more severe injuries, many resulting from pedestrian vs. motor vehicle accidents. Additionally, patients from minority backgrounds experience more social vulnerability and lower opportunity. Despite these discrepancies, we did not observe differences on rates of mortality or functional outcomes in either racial or ethnic groups. SDH were not found to impact outcomes. Further research is needed to determine how these complex social and environmental variables impact health outcomes.
The neurophysiological effect of mild hypothermia in gyrencephalic brains submitted to ischemic stroke and spreading depolarizations
Authors: Díaz-Peregrino Roberto , Kentar Modar , Trenado Carlos , Sánchez-Porras Renán , Albiña-Palmarola Pablo , Ramírez-Cuapio Francisco L. , San-Juan Daniel , Unterberg Andreas , Woitzik Johannes , Santos Edgar 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveCharacterize the neurophysiological effects of mild hypothermia on stroke and spreading depolarizations (SDs) in gyrencephalic brains.MethodsLeft middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of six hypothermic and six normothermic pigs were permanently occluded (MCAo). Hypothermia began 1 h after MCAo and continued throughout the experiment. ECoG signals from both frontoparietal cortices were recorded. Five-minute ECoG epochs were collected 5 min before, at 5 min, 4, 8, 12, and 16 h after MCAo, and before, during, and after SDs. Power spectra were decomposed into fast (alpha, beta, and gamma) and slow (delta and theta) frequency bands.ResultsIn the vascular insulted hemisphere under normothermia, electrodes near the ischemic core exhibited power decay across all frequency bands at 5 min and the 4th hour after MCAo. The same pattern was registered in the two furthest electrodes at the 12th and 16th hour. When mild hypothermia was applied in the vascular insulted hemispheres, the power decay was generalized and seen even in electrodes with uncompromised blood flow. During SD analysis, hypothermia maintained increased delta and beta power during the three phases of SDs in the furthest electrode from the ischemic core, followed by the second furthest and third electrode in the beta band during preSD and postSD segments. However, in hypothermic conditions, the third electrode showed lower delta, theta, and alpha power.ConclusionMild hypothermia attenuates all frequency bands in the vascularly compromised hemisphere, irrespective of the cortical location. During SD formation, it preserves power spectra more significantly in electrodes further from the ischemic core.
Ceftriaxone-induced severe hemolytic anemia, renal calculi, and cholecystolithiasis in a 3-year-old child: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tao Enfu , Zhou Huangjia , Zheng Meili , Zhao Yisha , Zhou Junfen , Yuan Junhui , Yuan Tianming , Zheng Changhua 
Published: March 2024

Ceftriaxone is widely used in pediatric outpatient care for its efficacy against respiratory and digestive system infections, yet its increasing association with severe immune hemolytic reactions requires heightened vigilance from pediatricians. This report details a rare and severe case of ceftriaxone-induced severe immune hemolytic anemia (IHA), hemolytic crisis, myocardial injury, liver injury, renal calculi, and cholecystolithiasis in a previously healthy 3-year-old child. The child, treated for bronchitis, experienced sudden pallor, limb stiffness, and altered consciousness following the fifth day of ceftriaxone infusion, with hemoglobin (Hb) levels precipitously dropping to 21 g/L. Immediate cessation of ceftriaxone and the administration of oxygen therapy, blood transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and corticosteroids led to a gradual recovery. Despite initial improvements, the patient’s condition necessitated extensive hospital care due to complications including myocardial injury, liver injury, renal calculi, and cholecystolithiasis. After a 12-day hospital stay and a 3-month follow-up, the child showed complete normalization of Hb and liver function and resolution of calculi. In children, ceftriaxone infusion may trigger severe, potentially fatal, hemolytic reactions. Pediatricians must promptly recognize symptoms such as pallor, limb stiffness, and unresponsiveness, indicative of ceftriaxone-induced severe IHA, and immediately discontinue the drug. Effective management includes timely blood transfusion, respiratory support, IVIG administration, and corticosteroids when necessary, along with rigorous vital signs monitoring. Continued vigilance is imperative, even after cessation of ceftriaxone, to promptly address any residual adverse effects.
Post-marketing safety evaluation of lurbinectedin: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the FAERS database
Authors: Li Zhao , Guo Changying , Liu Xingfei , Qiu Zhengzhou , Zhang Ruilin 
Published: March 2024

Background: On 15 June 2020, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved lurbinectedin for treating adult patients with metastatic small-cell lung cancer whose disease has progressed despite prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Following its market approval, safety data on lurbinectedin in large populations is currently lacking. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate adverse events (AEs) associated with lurbinectedin using the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)database.Methods: Data concerning lurbinectedin from the FAERS database were extracted for the period from June 2020 to September 2023. Four disproportionality analysis algorithms were utilized to assess potential AEs linked to lurbinectedin: reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, disproportionate multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker, and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network. These algorithms were applied to quantify signals of lurbinectedin-related AEs.Result: A total of 5,801,535 AE reports were retrieved from the FAERS database, with 511 related to lurbinectedin. These lurbinectedin-induced AEs were observed in 23 system organ classes (SOCs). After simultaneously applying the four algorithms, 47 lurbinectedin-induced AE signals were detected in 23 SOCs. At the SOC level, blood and lymphatic system disorders (ROR, 6.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.47–8.22) were the only SOC that met all four algorithms. Lurbinectedin’s most frequent adverse event was death (ROR: 6.11%, 95% CI: 4.86–7.68), while extravasation exhibited the strongest signal intensity in the ROR algorithm (ROR: 326.37%, 95% CI: 191.66–555.75). Notably, we identified a novel signals: tumor lysis syndrome (ROR: 63.22%, 95% CI: 33.87–117.99). The mean time of onset of AEs was 66 days, the median time of onset was 25 days (interquartile range: 8–64 days), and most AEs occurred within the first month of lurbinectedin treatment.Conclusion: Our study provided a comprehensive evaluation of lurbinectedin’s safety profile in the post-marketing setting. In addition to the adverse events consistent with the existing clinical trials and labeling information, we have also identified an unreported signal related to tumor lysis syndrome. This finding will better guide the clinical practice of lurbinectedin and provide valuable evidence for future research.
Theoretical investigation of the Co-occurrence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in iron-based high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Sherka Gebru Tesfaye , Shiferaw Dagne Atnafu 
Published: March 2024

In this research work, the Co-occurrence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in Ca0.74 1 La0.26 1 Fe1−xCox As2  iron-based high-temperature superconductors have been investigated. Based on the multi-band nature of Ca0.74 1 La0.26 1 Fe1−xCox As2  iron-based superconductors, a two-band model Hamiltonian that contains intra- and inter-bands is developed. By employing the matrix form of the temperature-dependent Green’s function formalism with the two-band Hamiltonian, the mathematical expressions of superconducting transition temperature as functions of the superconducting order parameter and antiferromagnetism translational temperature as a function of the magnetic order parameter are obtained, respectively. The plotted graph of the superconducting and magnetic temperature as a function of the magnetic order parameter indicates a clear possibility of Co-occurrence of superconductivity and the antiferromagnetism order parameter in Ca0.74 1 La0.26 1 Fe1−xCox As2  iron-based superconductors in the range of magnetic order parameters between 2.3 meV and 6.07 meV, which is in good agreement with experimental observations. This research contributes to understanding the complex behavior of high-temperature superconductors and provides valuable technological applications for other fields.
Impact of drought stress on vitamin C and anthocyanin content in cultivated lettuces (Lactuca sativa L.) and wild relatives (Lactuca spp.)
Authors: Medina-Lozano Inés , Bertolín Juan Ramón , Díaz Aurora 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionLettuce production and quality could be seriously affected by the increasingly limited water resources.MethodsThe effect of drought on the content of two antioxidant compounds, vitamin C and anthocyanins, in five cultivated lettuces and two wild relatives was assessed for 2 years.Results and discusionIn leaf samples, Lactuca wild species generally had a higher content of total vitamin C than the cultivated lettuces. In contrast, the commercial varieties usually contained more total anthocyanins than the wild species. Total vitamin C decreased with the drought stress in all accessions, commercial varieties, and lettuce wild relatives, with this tendency being consistent and reproducible across the 2 years. These differences were significant in the case of the green commercial varieties ‘Winter Crop’ (in 2020/2021) and ’Dolomiti G12’ (in 2021/2022) and very significant in the red commercial variety ’Red Sails’ (in 2020/2021). However, the only group in which the effect of drought was either significant or very significant in both years was the wild species, Lactuca homblei and Lactuca dregeana, and in the latter also in both tissues (leaf and stem) analyzed. Water stress resulted in an increase of the total anthocyanin content in the leaves from all the accessions, both red commercial varieties and wild relatives, in both years. The most significant enrichment and the only one being either significant or very significant in both years was observed in one of the wild relatives assayed (L. homblei). Stems (L. dregeana) contained more anthocyanins than leaves under control conditions, and it was exactly the opposite under drought. Changes in anthocyanins in the two tissues in response to drought stress were in opposite directions, increasing in leaves and decreasing in stems. This could suggest a translocation of anthocyanins as a first quick mechanism to cope with a severe lack of water. In conclusion, anthocyanins (unlike vitamin C) could play a role in the mechanisms deployed by the plant to tolerate drought stress. The wild species with a robust significant enrichment in anthocyanins as a response to drought (L. homblei) is a promising plant material to breed more resilient lettuces.
Uncovering the potential of evaluative conditioning in shaping attitudes toward sustainable product packaging
Authors: Leeuwis Nikki , van Bommel Tom , Tsakiris Manos , Alimardani Maryam 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionThe necessity to promote pro-environmental behavior change in individuals and society is increasingly evident. This study aimed to investigate the effect of evaluative conditioning on consumers’ perception of product packaging.MethodsWe first produced two stimulus sets: one including images of supermarket products with different packaging and the other containing affective images of healthy nature (positive) and climate change impact (negative). These images were then paired in an evaluative conditioning experiment where respondents were informed about the impact of product packaging.ResultsWe found an effect of conditioning depending on the initial sustainability perception that participants had toward product packaging. Pairing products for which participants were uncertain about their sustainability with negative or positive affective images had a significant effect on the sustainable associations of the consumers in a negative or positive direction, respectively. However, the impact of conditioning on products that clearly had (un)sustainable packaging was not that strong.DiscussionThese results provide new tools and evidence to further investigate the power of evaluative conditioning in pro-environmental attitude and behavior change.
Relationship among some coordinative and dynamic strength capabilities and constructive and conceptual thinking among preschool-age children
Authors: Malambo Chipo , Klepačová Adéla , Brodská Kateřina , Clark Cain Craig Truman , Musálek Martin 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundExisting research underscores the positive influence of consistent physical activity, fitness, and motor coordination on school-aged children’s cognitive and academic performance. However, a gap exists in fully understanding this relationship among preschoolers, a critical age group where the development of cognitive functions is significant. The study aims to expand upon existing evidence that connects motor and cognitive development by examining the correlation between specific motor coordination and physical fitness skills and the development of constructive and conceptual thinking in preschool-aged children.MethodsData from 56 children aged 4–5 years (mean age 4.5 ± 0.36y), comprising 30 girls and 26 boys, participated in this study. We assessed muscular strength (via standing long jump, wall toss test, flexibility), agility (4 × 5 m shuttle), cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m pacer test), and motor coordination (lateral jumping, platform shifting). Cognitive abilities were measured using the IDS-P.ResultsLinear regression models showed that significant predictors of constructive thinking scores were observed solely for flexibility (p = 0.02) and shifting platforms (p = 0.01). Notably, flexibility exhibited a negative relationship (β = −1.68). In the context of conceptual thinking, significant predictors (p &lt; 0.05) included standing long jump (p = 0.01), jumping laterally (p = 0.005), shifting platforms (p = 0.001), throwing (p = 0.02).ConclusionCoordination-demanding activities seem to be related considerably to conceptual thinking in preschoolers. Integrating such motor activities into preschool curricula that demand cognitive engagement can positively influence the development of cognitive functions.
Exploring subgroups of acceptance prediction for e-mental health among psychotherapists-in-training: a latent class analysis
Authors: Staeck Robert , Stüble Miriam , Drüge Marie 
Published: March 2024

Theoretical backgroundResearch of E-Mental Health (EMH) interventions remains a much-studied topic, as does its acceptance in different professional groups as psychotherapists-in-training (PiT). Acceptance among clinicians may vary and depend on several factors, including the characteristics of different EMH services and applications. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the factors that predict acceptance of EMH among a sample of PiT using a latent class analysis. The study will 1) determine how many acceptance prediction classes can be distinguished and 2) describe classes and differences between classes based on their characteristics.MethodsA secondary analysis of a cross-sectional online survey was conducted. N = 216 PiT (88.4% female) participated. In the study, participants were asked to rate their acceptance of EMH, as operationalized by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, along with its predictors, perceived barriers, perceived advantages and additional facilitators. Indicator variables for the LCA were eight items measuring the UTAUT-predictors.ResultsBest model fit emerged for a two-class solution; the first class showed high levels on all UTAUT-predictors, the second class revealed moderate levels on the UTAUT-predictors.ConclusionThis study was able to show that two classes of individuals can be identified based on the UTAUT-predictors. Differences between the classes regarding Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy were found. Interestingly, the two classes differed in theoretical orientation but not in age or gender. Latent class analysis could help to identify subgroups and possible starting points to foster acceptance of EMH.
An intersectionality framework for identifying relevant covariates in health equity research
Authors: Simkus Andrew , Holtz Kristen D. , Twombly Eric C. 
Published: March 2024

IntroductionHealth equity research uses impact evaluations to estimate the effectiveness of new interventions that aim to mitigate health inequities. Health inequities are influenced by many experiential factors and failure of research to account for such experiential factors and their potential interactions may jeopardize findings and lead to promoted methods that may unintentionally sustain or even worsen the targeted health inequity. Thus, it is imperative that health equity impact evaluations identify and include variables related to the circumstances, conditions, and experiences of the sample being studied in analyses. In this review, we promote intersectionality as a conceptual framework for brainstorming important yet often overlooked covariates in health equity related impact evaluations.MethodsWe briefly review and define concepts and terminology relevant to health equity, then detail four domains of experiential factors that often intersect in ways that may obscure findings: Biological, Social, Environmental, and Economic.ResultsWe provide examples of the framework’s application to lupus-related research and examples of covariates used in our own health equity impact evaluations with minority patients who have lupus.DiscussionApplying an intersectionality framework during covariate selection is an important component to actualizing precision prevention. While we do not provide an exhaustive list, our aim is to provide a springboard for brainstorming meaningful covariates for health equity evaluation that may further help unveil sustainable solutions to persisting health inequities.
Study protocol: Project 2VIDA! SARS-CoV-2 vaccine intervention delivery for adults in Southern California
Authors: Skaathun Britt , Salgin Linda , Muñoz Fatima A. , Talavera Gregory A. , Smith Davey M. , Stockman Jamila K. , O’Bryan Sophie E. , Ramirez Daniel , James-Price Cynthia , Servin Argentina E. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundTo date, the United States (US) leads the world in the number of infections and deaths due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are staggering. Age-adjusted data show that AA and Latino individuals have had higher rates of death over most of the pandemic and during surges. Project 2VIDA! is community-based participatory research (CBPR) that was developed to address individual, social, and contextual factors related to access and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among African American and Latino communities in Southern California. This paper describes the study protocol and overarching objectives.Methods and designProject 2VIDA! is a multilevel intervention that builds on the principals of CBPR and is designed to increase uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among African American and Latino individuals (≥16 years and older) in San Diego County. The intervention was developed with a working group comprised of representatives from community and academia and centers on targeted COVID-19 individual awareness and education, linkage to medical and supportive services, COVID-19 community outreach and health promotion and offering the COVID-19 vaccine through community pop-up clinics.DiscussionFindings from 2VIDA! will provide data on the impact, feasibility, and acceptability of the intervention which are all crucial for the adaptation, refinement, and improvement of vaccine outreach interventions for COVID-19 and other vaccine preventable infectious diseases that severely impact African American and Latino communities.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05022472?term=Project+2VIDA&amp;draw=2&amp;rank=1, NCT05022472.