bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beware the Winner's Curse
Authors: Anandalingam G. , Lucas Henry C. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
In the case of an acquisition or a merger, it is very often the case that when an individual or company perceives itself to be the winner, subsequent events will show that the victory was overvalued. Both psychological and market based forces often lead managers to greatly overestimate what they are buying, resulting in the “winner’s curse”. In an effort to grow their companies, competitive and overly confident managers with high compensation packages make rash decisions. The pressure put on values by the stock market, stock analysts, and investment bankers is coupled with the presence of a bidding psychology. When senior management experiences “buyer’s remorse”, having made overly optimistic forecasts about the future of the company, a true financial “curse” often ensues. In the event that a company does “win” by making it to the top of its industry, complacency or hubris caused by a sense of invulnerability often conspire to move the company out of the winner’s column. This book examines the phenomenon of the “winner’s curse”. It presents a number of cases illustrating the curse, and examines the reasons for it in each instance. It also looks at situations where CEOs decided to walk away from “winning” because of their sober ability to trade-off the risks of winning versus the real returns. In particular, the last chapter presents a series of “take-aways” for any manager to follow to avoid the winner’s curse.
Darwinian Detectives
Authors: Johnson Norman A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractSome six million years ago, two branches of the evolutionary tree diverged: one that led to chimpanzees and bonobos, and one that led to us. Extraordinary advances in our ability to obtain and process DNA sequence information permits scientists to address fundamental questions about the evolutionary histories of varied species, including our own. Ascertaining the sequence of the genome — the complete complement of DNA information — from both humans and chimpanzees allows scientists to address such questions as: which genes were subjected to natural selection along our evolutionary branch? Are these the genetic changes that made us human? The book addresses these and other questions about human evolutionary history, including our domestication of other animals and of plants. It also explores how researchers use the tools of molecular genetics and population genetics theory to unravel the secrets of the natural histories of genes and genomes. Much like detectives looking to ascertain the circumstances behind a crime, these scientists can develop and test inferences about the nature of the natural selection and other evolutionary pressures that have shaped the organisms that harbor these genes.
An Introduction to the Challenge of Difference
Authors: Kamitsuka Margaret D. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Feminist theology, with relatively new institutional standing within the field of Christian theology, has become divided and enriched (from it's white feminist author's perspective) by difference — especially in light of womanist, mujerista, lesbian, two-thirds-world, and other self-named women's theologies. This chapter introduces the challenge of difference by examining one of the most historically central yet hotly contested feminist methodological themes today — the appeal to women's experience. This is followed by a discussion of two markers of difference (and sites of privilege) that will be an ongoing focus: race and sexuality. Illustrations are given of how white racial privilege and heterosexist privilege can manifest even in contexts of collegial feminist theological dialogue.
Parent–Offspring Conflict
Authors: Salmon Catherine A. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
At first glance, the relationship between parent and child seems to begin in perfect harmony. The image of parents' devotion to their infant is one that has been depicted in art for thousands of years. It often seems like a sharp contrast to the modern image of the typical adolescent-parent relationship, usually portrayed as full of strife. But are either really accurate? What factors shape the degree of conflict between parent and child? And are there particular stages in the life of a child or parent that attenuate or exaggerate the degree of conflict? An evolutionary perspective on the family can provide useful insight through the consideration of factors that influence parental investment, parent-offspring conflict theory, and maternal-fetal conflict.
Grandparental and Extended Kin Relationships
Authors: Euler Harald A. , Michalski Richard L. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter argues that grandparenthood may trigger psychological adaptations with relationship-specific features. Grandparental investment cannot be understood adequately without consideration of its Darwinian fitness consequences. Relationships with aunts/uncles and nieces/nephews also cannot be understood without such a consideration. Because parents are mediators of grandparent and grandchild relationships, the evolutionary analysis of grandparenthood sheds light on the seemingly universal plight of in-law relationships, most conspicuous in the conflict between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. Investment in progeny and emotional closeness of intergenerational dyads is highly and robustly structured. This structure is parsimoniously and to a considerable extent accounted for by a few basic reproductively relevant variables including sex-specific reproductive strategy and relationship uncertainty.
God's Irishmen
Authors: Gribben Crawford 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This book is the first comprehensive description of some of the many kinds of Protestantism that competed for the souls of Cromwellian Ireland. Its principal purpose is to document the period's most important theological debates, arguing that they were both a cause and consequence of protestant experiences in that turbulent period and that they illustrate surprising contests between and within several English, Scottish, and Irish varieties of protestant identity. Cromwellian protestants were sometimes less puritan, and often much less united by religious convictions, than has often been supposed. Even their resolute opposition to Roman Catholicism has, at times, been exaggerated. The military campaign and its aftermath have been associated with eschatological stringency and anti‐Catholic rhetoric, but this rhetoric is largely absent from the treatises that survived the 1650s. In fact, where Antichrist does appear, it is almost always within the community of the godly. His presence marks the constantly shifting boundaries of projected systems of truth. These shifting boundaries reflect a sustained introspection that allows historians to trace the evolution of religious identities throughout this period. That introspection provides a key to our understanding of the period's events, for the Cromwellian regime had an evidently religious base, and its exponents worked self‐consciously for a second reformation. Nevertheless, the state failed to endorse an ecclesiastical ideal, and that failure made sectarian disagreements inevitable. This book documents the tenor and impact of these debates.
Stealing the Gold
Authors: Sherrington David 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
The collection of trails blazed by Sam Edwards during half a century of fundamental research in theoretical physics is truly astonishing. He led theoretical physics into uncharted territories from his roots in quantum field theory — beginning with his seminal work on the transport properties of disordered metals, and continuing to the present day with his ground-breaking efforts to create a statistical mechanics of granular materials. Along the way, he and his collaborators developed the first modern theory of polymers in solution and in the rubbery state; created and explored the tube concept, which has had momentous implications for understanding the viscoelasticity of polymer melts; formulated the spin-glass problem and provided its first solutions using the method of replicas — work that has had profound implications in areas as diverse as combinatorial optimization, neural networks, as well as glassy systems; made important contributions to the still-unsolved problem of Navier-Stokes turbulence; and initiated the recent explosion of activity in the dynamics of growing interfaces. This book celebrates Sam's impact by collecting together and reprinting eleven of his papers, each of which played a seminal role and started a new field of study, each followed by one or more original articles by experts in the relevant fields demonstrating how the topics Sam started have developed to the modern day.
Pattern and process in food webs: evidence from running waters
Authors: Woodward Guy , Thompson Ross , Townsend Colin R. , Hildrew Alan G. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Studies on streams provide some of the most detailed and best resolved webs yet available, and provide a means to test food web theory. These systems can be used to test patterns in connectance webs and the effect of sampling on the patterns evident. The role of body-size in stream webs is reviewed. This chapter deals with attempts to quantify food webs by measures of energy flow and interaction strengths, and to characterize the circumstances leading to the presence or absence of trophic cascades in food webs. Streams are strongly linked through their food webs with surrounding systems, such as ground water and flood plains, and such cross-system subsidies is considered. The effect of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on food web attributes is addressed. Finally, the relationship between biodiversity/ecosystem functions in stream webs is addressed in the context of environmental stress.
12 Better than Speech: Some Advantages of the Letter in the Second Sophistic
Authors: Hodkinson Owen 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter suggests some ways of thinking about the epistolary genre and its development in Greek literature, focusing on some particular examples from ‘Second Sophistic’ epistolographers who built upon and added to these developments. Taking examples from fictional letters in which there seems to be no obstacle to verbal communication, this chapter argues that they do not constitute lapses in verisimilitude on the author's part; rather, such letters add variety to the imagined situations of their letter-writers, allowing the reader to reconstruct possible motives for writing where none is mentioned. The authors thus illustrate some potential advantages of the letter over verbal communication.
The Investment Committee
Authors: Acharya Shanta , Dimson Elroy 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Colleges in Oxford and Cambridge appoint an Investment Committee to oversee the management of endowment assets and related investments. The main tasks of this committee are determining strategic asset allocation, return and risk objectives, spending policy, the selection of fund managers, and an investment consultant; and in the case of the universities, determining the dividend. Investment Committees are therefore the key drivers of investment policy; their decisions directly influence an institution's intergenerational equity. The management structure, membership, demographics, and other characteristics of investment committees are discussed.
4 The ecology of malaria in Italy
Authors: Sallares Robert 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe first section of this chapter discusses the mosquito vectors of malaria. Attention is drawn to the phenomenon of anophelism without malaria, and ancient knowledge of mosquitoes is considered a prelude to ancient concepts of malaria. The second section investigates the various environments of central Italy that were notorious for malaria in the past, including the seasonality of malaria and its relationships to altitude and wetlands; the requirements (such as the degree of salinity of the water) of mosquito larvae for breeding purposes; and the effects of drainage schemes. This section includes case studies of malaria in antiquity at Lugnano in Umbria, Ostia, and Ravenna. The third section discusses malaria on Sardinia in antiquity. The fourth section assesses the effects on malaria of man-made factors, such as roads and housing. The fifth section analyses the effects of climate change on malaria, a temperature-dependent disease. The sixth section considers the role of deforestation and agricultural change.
Digressive Voices in Early Modern English Literature
Authors: Cotterill Anne 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This book begins and ends with the intellectual and imaginative pleasures of narrative wandering. ‘To digress’ in early modern England carried a range of associations with authority and gender, from amplitude and escape to deviance and transgression. The book argues that writers classically trained in verbal contest used the liberty of digression to create a complex form of underground writing and self-definition in some of the richest non-dramatic texts of 17th-century England; such a pointed use of digressiveness in the period has not been recognized. Within these textual mazes writers captured the ambiguities of political occasion and patronage, while they anatomized enemies and mourned personal loss. The narrator of each text addresses a specter of speechlessness as well as loss of self through a figurative descent to an unstable underworld associated with a female or effeminate weakness. In fresh readings of Donne's Anniversaries, Marvell's Upon Appleton House, Sir Thomas Browne's The Garden of Cyrus, Milton's Paradise Lost, Dryden's The Hind and the Panther and A Discourse of Satire, and Swift's A Tale of a Tub, the book draws attention to the expansiveness of many of the period's literary forms, such as country-house poem, literary anatomy, dedicatory epistle, beast fable, and epic. Turning current sensitivity toward the silenced voice in a new direction, the book argues that rhetorical amplitude might suggest anxieties about speech and silence for early modern men forced to be competitive yet circumspect to make their voices heard.
Modularization in the Car Industry
Authors: Takeishi Akira , Fujimoto Takahiro 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter analyses modularization in the world automotive industry. Modularization has involved architectural changes in product, production, and supplier systems in the industry. As an attempt to understand such multi-faceted, complex processes, this chapter proposes a conceptual framework that sees development/production activities as multiple hierarchies of products, processes, and inter-firm boundaries that are interlinked. Using this framework and drawing on case studies and questionnaire survey data, the chapter examines the ongoing processes of modularization in the industry and argues that tensions exist among the three hierarchies. Such tensions may lead to further changes in product, production, and supplier-system architectures.
Gellius and Fronto on Loanwords and Literary Models
Authors: Garcea Alessandro , Lomanto Valeria 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter considers the linguistic categories ‘Latin’, ‘Greek’, and ‘barbarian’, with particular reference to the debate in Gellius 19.13 over the status in Latin of the word, nanus (dwarf), thought barbarian by Fronto but proved Greek by Sulpicius Apollinaris. As such, it is admissible in Latin (where indeed it had been used by Helvius Cinna in relation to ponies); but even if not, use by Fronto would have conferred on it a higher standing than the vulgarisms introduced by Laberius enjoyed. It is demonstrated that grammatical tradition treats Latin as a form of Aeolic Greek, so that Greek loanwords are not intruders as barbarian words are. The chapter also considers the difference between the historical Fronto's approval for Laberius' word-choices and Gellius' own, on the whole unfavourable judgement on them.
Educational Values
Authors: Morgan Teresa 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
The chapter shows how despite being an unsystematic miscellany, the Attic Nights can be seen as an educational and ethical text. Taken as a whole, Gellius' collection of pieces of knowledge and anecdotes presents education as worth having, enjoyable, social, useful, and moral in a world in which belonging to a group is one of the prime rewards of education. In particular, grammar, rhetoric, philosophy, and law are all socially functional and worth having because they make good citizens in both public and private life. Using intuitions of modern Practical Ethics, the chapter shows how a collection of stories, exempla, etc., can exhibit a set of values, some of which are more prominent than others, and a general concept of ethics in which being good means being good of one's kind, the kind being defined by belonging to three main groups: Roman state, friends, and family.
Gellius in the French Renaissance
Authors: Heath Michael 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter traces the editorial tradition of Gellius in France from 1508 down to Carrio's edition of 1585, with extensive paratextual matter by Henri Estienne, in particular the essays named in homage Noctes Parisinae. It then notes the use made of Gellius by scholars such as Guillaume Budé and Julius Caesar Scaliger, and in literature at large. He provided miscellanists with engaging anecdotes, presenting a framework and some ready-made chapters for such widely read compilations as Simon Goulart's Histoires admirables and Laurent Joubert's Erreurs populaires. Through such authors but also directly, he supplied material for Rabelais, for the anonymous satirist who wrote the controversial Cymbalum mundi, and above all for Montaigne, who makes continual use of Gellius while reworking him as he sees fit. The chapter ends by considering the affinities between the two authors.
The Metahistory of Denial: The Irving/Lipstadt Libel Case and Holocaust Denial
Authors: Eaglestone Robert 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
This chapter looks at the significance of metahistory in combating Holocaust Denial, and takes as its case study the Irving/Lipstadt Libel Case from 2000. After describing the metahistorical commitments of denial, the chapter outlines a postmodern understanding of historical writing as a genre, developing the ideas of Jean-François Lyotard in The Differend, with generic rules, including conventions about evidence, context, and reasonable argument. It then argues that the trial showed that David Irving did not follow these conventions, and that, as the Judge made clear — it was this that showed Irving to be no historian. This analysis of the trial is then used to illuminate problems in empiricist defences of history, and to defend postmodern thought against the charge that it allows Holocaust denial.
Language in the Confessions of Augustine
Authors: Burton Philip 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis book argues that Augustine's Confessions may fruitfully be read as a series of encounters with language and signs: as a baby learning to speak, as a schoolboy orator, student, professor of rhetoric, and Christian exegete. While language is a universal human characteristic, the fact of languages tends to divide humans into arbitrary and uncomprehending communities; and even in individual communities, language can be manipulated or simply misunderstood. On the theological level, Augustine faces question of how to describe (and invoke) an absolute and immutable God in language that is necessary arbitrary and mutable. This book seeks to explore these questions through a close analysis of specific linguistic features of the work, such as his use of the language of Roman comedy, his attitudes towards Greek, or his use of biblical Latin. Consideration is given also to such ‘paralinguistic’ activities as singing or laughing, and to the relationship between the spoken and the written word.
The Worldwide Diffusion of Codes of Good Governance
Authors: Cuervo-Cazurra Alvaro , Aguilera Ruth V. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis chapter goes beyond the convergence/divergence dilemma by analysing change in CG practice in terms of the adoption of some codes of good governance rather than as the adoption of one particular model. It considers the speed of adoption of a code as a process of knowledge transfer across countries, driven by a mixture of effectiveness and legitimization reasons. The empirical study considers fifteen common-law countries and twenty civil-law countries, and finds that the development of a first code of CG was faster in countries with greater exposure to foreign investment (but not to foreign trade) and with a common law system.
Denmark, 1513–1660
Authors: Lockhart Paul Douglas 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
One of the largest states in Europe and the greatest of the Protestant powers, Denmark, in the 16th and 17th centuries was at the height of its influence. Embracing Norway, Iceland, portions of southern Sweden, and northern Germany, the Danish monarchy dominated the vital Baltic trade. However, its geopolitical importance far exceeded its modest resources. This book examines the short and perhaps unlikely career of Denmark as the major power of northern Europe, exploring its rise to the forefront of European affairs and its subsequent decline in fortunes following its disastrous involvement in the Thirty Years' War. The book focuses on key issues, from the dynamic role of the Oldenburg monarchy in bringing about Denmark's ‘European integration’, to the impact of the Protestant Reformation on Danish culture. The multi-national character of the Danish monarchy is explored in-depth, in particular how the Oldenburg kings of Denmark sought to establish their authority over their sizable — and oftentimes contentious — Norwegian, Icelandic, and German minorities. Denmark's participation in international politics and commerce is also investigated, along with the power struggle between Denmark and its rival Sweden over Baltic dominion, and the Danes' unique approach to internal governance.
Athens in Paris
Authors: Leonard Miriam 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWhy was Derrida reading Plato as students stormed the Sorbonne in May '68? Why was Foucault writing about Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus while fighting for the rights of prisoners with Vidal-Naquet? What has Vernant the resistance fighter to do with Vernant theorist of the ancient polis? This book investigates how post-war France turned to ancient Greece to formulate a new interrogation of the political. It investigates why a group of highly influential Parisian thinkers rediscovered ancient Athens to debate the role of political subjectivity and ethical choice in the life of the modern citizen. The book explores the ways in which the writings of the ancient Greeks played a decisive part in shaping the intellectual projects of structuralism and post-structuralism — arguably the most significant currents of thought of the post-war era. The authors investigated, including Lacan, Derrida, Foucault, Irigaray, and Vernant, have had an incalculable influence on the direction of classical studies over the last thirty years, but classicists have yet to give due attention to the crucial role of the ancient world in the development of their philosophy.