bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unpacking the influence of foreignness on employment prospects within a multinational enterprise: an examination of gender, professional experience and duration of stay
Authors: Nowinska Agnieszka , Solheim Marte C.W. 
Published: February 2024

PurposeThe purposes of this paper are to delve into the “liability of foreignness” among immigrants and to explore factors that may enhance or moderate such liability while obtaining jobs in host countries. We explore the competition for jobs in a host country among foreign-born individuals from various backgrounds and local residents, by examining such factors as their human capital, as well as, for the foreign-born, their duration of residence in the host country.Design/methodology/approachApplying configurational theorizing, we propose that the presence of specific human capital can help reduce the challenges associated with the “liability of foreignness” for migrants who have shorter durations of stay in the host country, and, to a lesser extent, for female migrants. Our study draws upon extensive career data spanning several decades and involving 249 employees within a Danish multinational enterprise.FindingsWe find that specific human capital helps established immigrants in general, although female immigrants are more vulnerable. We furthermore find a strong “gender liability” in the industry even for local females, including returnees in the host countries. Our findings suggest that for immigrants, including returnees, career building requires a mix of right human capital and tenure in the host country, and that career building is especially challenging for female immigrants.Originality/valueWhile the concept of “liability of foreignness” – focussing on discrimination faced by immigrants in the labour market – has been brought to the fore, a notable gap exists in empirical research pertaining to studies aiming at disentangling potential means to overcome such liability, as well as in studies seeking to explore this issue from a stance of gendered experience.
Direct slicing of microcellular structures for digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing
Authors: Oh Seo-Hyeon , Park Keun 
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Additive Manufacturing (AM) conventionally necessitates an intermediary slicing procedure using the standard tessellation language (STL) data, which can be computationally burdensome, especially for intricate microcellular architectures. This study aims to propose a direct slicing method tailored for digital light processing-type AM processes for the efficient generation of slicing data for microcellular structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors proposed a direct slicing method designed for microcellular structures, encompassing micro-lattice and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures. The sliced data of these structures were represented mathematically and then convert into 2D monochromatic images, bypassing the time-consuming slicing procedures required by 3D STL data. The efficiency of the proposed method was validated through data preparations for lattice-based nasopharyngeal swabs and TPMS-based ellipsoid components. Furthermore, its adaptability was highlighted by incorporating 2D images of additional features, eliminating the requirement for complex 3D Boolean operations.

Findings
The direct slicing method offered significant benefits upon implementation for microcellular structures. For lattice-based nasopharyngeal swabs, it reduced data size by a factor of 1/300 and data preparation time by a factor of 1/8. Similarly, for TPMS-based ellipsoid components, it reduced data size by a factor of 1/60 and preparation time by a factor of 1/16.

Originality/value
The direct slicing method allows for bypasses the computational burdens associated with traditional indirect slicing from 3D STL data, by directly translating complex cellular structures into 2D sliced images. This method not only reduces data volume and processing time significantly but also demonstrates the versatility of sliced data preparation by integrating supplementary features using 2D operations.
Recent tree diversity increase in NE Iberian forests following intense management release: A task for animal‐dispersed and drought‐tolerant species
Authors: Selwyn Miriam , Pino Joan , Espelta Josep Maria 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Under increasing human‐related threats to forests, many studies suggest that increasing tree species diversity may boost forest resilience by enhancing the range of species' responses to disturbances. However, it remains unclear whether passive or active forest management strategies should be applied to increase tree diversity. This issue would benefit from investigating which management and environmental factors, together with species' functional traits, influence temporal changes in tree species diversity.

We explored the influence of the bioclimatic region, land‐use history, forest cover, protection, management, forest structure and changes in temperature and precipitation, to explain tree species diversity changes in NE Iberian forests, by comparing 3141 plots from the Spanish National Forest Inventory sampled between 1989 and 2016. Moreover, we assessed which species' functional traits (dispersal habit, drought and shade tolerance) were most relevant for diversity changes.

After 27 years, tree species richness and diversity moderately increased in the tree and regeneration layers. This trend occurred mostly in long‐established, non‐recently managed forests and in those with a lower initial basal area. Increasing temperature had negative effects for diversity increase in the tree layer but positive for the regeneration compartment, while decreasing precipitation showed the opposite effects.

Tree species with higher drought tolerance, and especially those animal‐dispersed ones arriving from the regional pool, mostly contributed to the local diversity increase. This pattern occurred in all forest types, although the taxonomic array of species varied.

Synthesis and applications. The main drivers influencing the passive increase in tree species diversity suggest a primary role of diminishing forest exploitation in this recovery process, fine‐tuned by climatic changes. This ecological scenario has particularly favoured animal‐dispersed tree species with higher drought tolerance, which mostly led the diversity increase. A higher presence of such highly mobile and drought‐tolerant species can be crucial to increase functional diversity and, ultimately, increase forest resilience under future scenarios of greater aridity. In light of these results, management strategies should continue fostering the restoration of diversity in once intensively exploited forests while ensuring the maintenance of the already gained tree species diversity.
Affix Not Clitic‐Based Vowel Shortening in Modern Arabic Varieties
Authors: Lindsay‐Smith Emily 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWord formation in most languages is inextricably linked to a distinction between clitics and affixes. Although famous for its templatic morphological structure, Arabic also contains concatenative formatives some of whose status as clitics or affixes is controversial. It is well known that Arabic varieties exhibit a range of interacting shortening and lengthening processes. Some of the shortening processes have been linked to the clitic/affix distinction in the Arabic literature. In this paper, I discuss two vowel shortening processes, CSS‐Morph and CSS‐Phon, that are often conflated as the same Closed Syllable Shortening process. Based on evidence from 16 modern Arabic varieties, I show that these CSS processes are in fact two independent processes. While CSS‐Morph is a phonological alternation within a morphophonological context, CSS‐Phon is purely phonological. Neither provides evidence to classify any formative as a clitic or indeed differentiate between formatives as suffixes or clitics.
Enhanced capacity of a leaf beetle to combat dual stress from entomopathogens and herbicides mediated by associated microbiota
Authors: ZHANG Yuxin , XU Handan , TU Chengjie , HAN Runhua , LUO Jing , XU Letian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHerbicides have demonstrated their impact on insect fitness by affecting their associated microbiota or altering the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi toward insects. However, limited research has explored the implications of herbicide stress on the intricate tripartite interaction among insects, associated bacterial communities, and entomopathogens. In this study, we initially demonstrated that associated bacteria confer a leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora, with the capability to resist the entomopathogenic fungus Aspergillus nomius infection, a capability sustained even under herbicide glyphosate stress. Further analysis of the associated microbiota revealed a significant alteration in abundance and composition due to glyphosate treatment. The dominant bacterium, post A. nomius infection or following a combination of glyphosate treatments, exhibited strong suppressive effects on fungal growth. Additionally, glyphosate markedly inhibited the pathogenic associated bacterium Pseudomonas though it inhibited P. versicolora’s immunity, ultimately enhancing the beetle's tolerance to A. nomius. In summary, our findings suggest that the leaf beetle's associated microbiota bestow an augmented resilience against the dual stressors of both the entomopathogen and glyphosate. These results provide insight into the effects of herbicide residues on interactions among insects, associated bacteria, and entomopathogenic fungi, holding significant implications for pest control and ecosystem assessment.
Facile synthesis of gold nanostars for the duplex detection of pesticide residues in grapes using SERS
Authors: Zhai Kairui , Sun Lin , Nguyen Trang H. D. , Lin Mengshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn recent years, concerns have been raised regarding the contamination of grapes with pesticide residues. As consumer demand for safer food products grows, regular monitoring of pesticide residues in food has become essential. This study sought to develop a rapid and sensitive technique for detecting two specific pesticides (phosmet and paraquat) present on the grape surface using the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method. Gold nanostars (AuNS) particles were synthesized, featuring spiky tips that act as hot spots for localized surface plasmon resonance, thereby enhancing Raman signals. Additionally, the roughened surface of AuNS increases the surface area, resulting in improved interactions between the substrate and analyte molecules. Prominent Raman peaks of mixed contaminants were acquired and used to characterize and quantify the pesticides. It was observed that the SERS intensity of the Raman peaks changed in proportion to the concentration ratio of phosmet and paraquat. Moreover, AuNS exhibited superior SERS enhancement compared to gold nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that the lowest detectable concentration for both pesticides on grape surfaces is 0.5 mg/kg. These findings suggest that SERS coupled with AuNS constitutes a practical and promising approach for detecting and quantifying trace contaminants in food.Practical ApplicationThis research established a novel surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method coupled with a simplified extraction protocol and gold nanostar substrates to detect trace levels of pesticides in fresh produce. The detection limits meet the maximum residue limits set by the EPA. This substrate has great potential for rapid measurements of chemical contaminants in foods.
Metabolomic age and risk of 50 chronic diseases in community‐dwelling adults: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Shang Xianwen , Liu Jiahao , Zhu Zhuoting , Zhang Xueli , Huang Yu , Liu Shunming , Wang Wei , Zhang Xiayin , Ma Shuo , Tang Shulin , Hu Yijun , Ge Zongyuan , Yu Honghua , He Mingguang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is unclear how metabolomic age is associated with the risk of a wide range of chronic diseases. Our analysis included 110,692 participants (training: n = 27,673; testing: n = 27,673; validating: n = 55,346) aged 39–71 years at baseline (2006–2010) from the UK Biobank. Incident chronic diseases were identified using inpatient records, or death registers until January 2021. Predicted metabolomic age was trained and tested based on 168 metabolomics. Metabolomic age was linked to the risk of 50 diseases in the validation dataset. The median follow‐up duration for individual diseases ranged from 11.2 years to 11.9 years. After controlling for false discovery rate, chronological age‐adjusted age gap (CAAG) was significantly associated with the incidence of 25 out of 50 chronic diseases. After adjustment for full covariates, associations with 15 chronic diseases remained significant. Greater CAAG was associated with increased risk of eight cardiometabolic disorders (including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes), some cancers, alcohol use disorder, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease and age‐related macular degeneration. The association between CAAG and risk of peripheral vascular disease, other cardiac diseases, fracture, cataract and thyroid disorder was stronger among individuals with unhealthy diet than in those with healthy diet. The association between CAAG and risk of some conditions was stronger in younger individuals, those with metabolic disorders or low education. Metabolomic age plays an important role in the development of multiple chronic diseases. Healthy diet and high education may mitigate the risk for some chronic diseases due to metabolomic age acceleration.
EHMT2/G9a and EZH2: Epimarkers in testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Estevão‐Pereira Helena , Guimarães‐Teixeira Catarina , Flores Bianca C. T. , Moreira‐Silva Filipa , Tavares Nuno Tiago , Guimarães Rita , Braga Isaac , Maurício Joaquina , Henrique Rui , Jerónimo Carmen , Lobo João 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors remain the most frequent solid malignancies in young males. Despite excellent prognosis, the fact that only 60% of patients at diagnosis have elevated serum tumor markers (dependent on stage and histology) and the poor quality of life of patients who develop resistance to chemotherapy cannot be neglected. Consequently, it is mandatory to bring out novel biomarkers.ObjectivesThe main goal was to evaluate EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a immunoexpression in a well‐characterized patients’ cohort of primary and metastatic testicular germ cell tumors, seeking associations with clinicopathological features and discovering differential immunoexpression patterns among specific subtypes.Materials and methodsFirst, an in silico analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas database was performed regarding EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a. Then, immunohistochemistry for EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a was carried out in a cohort of testicular germ cell tumor patients, comprising 155 chemo‐naïve primary tumors and 11 chemo‐treated metastases. Immunoexpression was evaluated using a digital pathology analysis software.ResultsHigher EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a expression levels were found in non‐seminoma in the in silico analysis, particularly in embryonal carcinoma. Through digital pathology analysis, non‐seminomas showed significantly higher EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a immunoexpression, with embryonal carcinoma showing higher expression. Moreover, mixed tumors with 50% or more of embryonal carcinoma component revealed the highest nuclei positivity for both biomarkers. Cisplatin‐exposed metastases demonstrated a higher EZH2‐positive nuclei and H‐score, as well as higher EHMT2/G9a‐positive nuclei.Discussion and conclusionOverall, our data suggest that EZH2 and EHMT2/G9a might be associated with greater aggressiveness and, eventually, involved in the metastatic setting, paving the way for testing targeted therapies.
Effective reduction of anxiety in hospitalised children through bibliotherapy
Authors: Lawrence Edwin Jose , Lazer Jerly 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThe process of being admitted to a hospital is widely recognised as a distressing encounter for children, frequently resulting in notable levels of anxiety. The main aim was to assess the effectiveness of bibliotherapy in reducing anxiety and to associate anxiety levels with demographic and clinical variables.MethodsThis study was conducted at a paediatric ward in a tertiary care hospital located in Tamil Nadu, India, for 3 months from 1 August 2023–30 October 2023. In this study, a one‐group pre‐test and post‐test design was employed. A sample of 60 children, aged between 5 and 12 years, was recruited using a convenience sampling method. Spence Children Anxiety Scale was used for assessing anxiety levels.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 8.46 ± 1.91 years, and the majority, comprising 57%, were male. Following bibliotherapy, 72% of children showed mild anxiety, 28% showed moderate anxiety and no individual had considerable anxiety. Anxiety scores dropped 27%. Significant associations were found between anxiety reduction and variables such as age, educational status, and type of family.ConclusionBibliotherapy was notably effective in substantially reducing anxiety levels among children aged 5–12 years who were admitted to hospitals.
A novel single‐port robot for total gastrectomy to treat gastric cancer: A case report (with video)
Authors: Luo Yuncheng , Yang Zhangwei , Bao Dandan , Wang Pengwei , Li Min , Wu Bo , Zheng Huachao , Hu Yiren 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMultiport robots are now widely used for total gastrectomy for gastric cancer, while there is almost a void of research on whether single‐port (SP) robots can be used for total gastrectomy. Here, we report a case of a 75‐year‐old female patient who was diagnosed with gastric cardia adenocarcinoma by gastroscopy and underwent total gastrectomy assisted by the SHURUI SP robot. We successfully accomplished total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection using the novel SP robotic platform. The patient was discharged from the hospital successfully with no complications during or after the surgery. Pathologic diagnosis showed adenocarcinoma of the gastric mucosa with partial signet‐ring cell carcinoma, and no metastasis was found in the 29 cleared lymph nodes. The use of the SHURUI SP robot for total gastrectomy in treating gastric cancer is both technically feasible and safe.
IGF2BP3 loss inhibits cell progression by upregulating has_circRNA_103820, and hsa_circRNA_103820‐encoded peptide inhibits cell progression by inactivating the AKT pathway in lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Jinrong , Yao Lixia , Su Yuan , Tian Lili 
Published: February 2024

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification and m6A‐related RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) play vital roles in various aspects of circRNA metabolism. Hsa_circRNA_103820 is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers, including lung cancer (LC). Moreover, bioinformatics analysis has suggested that hsa_circRNA_103820 possesses potential peptide‐coding ability. Thus, we aimed to investigate the function and peptide‐coding potential of hsa_circRNA_103820 in this study. Cell viability, apoptosis rate, and migratory and invasive abilities were assessed using CCK‐8, flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Hsa_circRNA_103820 level was measured using RT‐qPCR assay, and the interaction between hsa_circRNA_103820 and IGF2BP3 was examined through RIP and RT‐qPCR assays. The coding ability of hsa_circRNA_103820 and protein levels were determined through western blot assay. The results showed that hsa_circRNA_103820 reduced cell viability, attenuated cell migratory and invasive abilities, and promoted cell apoptosis in LC. IGF2BP3 negatively regulated hsa_circRNA_103820 expression and interacted with it. Hsa_circRNA_103820 knockdown alleviated si‐IGF2BP3‐mediated anti‐viability, anti‐migration, anti‐invasion, and pro‐apoptosis effects in LC cells. Moreover, a 188‐amino acid (aa) peptide encoded by hsa_circRNA_103820 decreased cell viability, facilitated cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell migration and invasion in LC. Collectively, hsa_circRNA_103820, regulated by IGF2BP3, encodes a 188‐aa peptide and inhibits the malignant progression of LC cells by inhibiting the AKT pathway.
Causes and management of sight threatening complications of dermal filler injections: A review
Authors: Botha Verona E. , Insull Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInjectable dermal fillers continue to increase in popularity in aesthetic medicine. Although rare, vision loss secondary to filler injections is a devastating complication associated with a poor visual prognosis. The mechanism for vision loss is thought to be related to retrograde embolization of the dermal filler from peripheral vessels in the face into the ophthalmic arterial system. Early recognition and prompt management are essential if vision is to be salvaged. The use of retrobulbar hyaluronidase is still contentious, however when administered by a specialist, this treatment gives the best chance at visual recovery and should be considered for all cases.
Evaluation of buccal bone resorption in immediate implant placement in thin versus thick buccal bone plates: An 18‐month follow‐up prospective cohort study
Authors: ElNahass Hani , Tawfik Omnia K. , Naiem Suzy N. , Zazou Nada , Moussa Mahmoud 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe current guidelines recommend that immediate implants be placed in patients with thick (>1 mm) buccal bone due to the inevitable tissue remodeling that follows tooth extraction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of buccal bone thickness on bone resorption in immediate implant placement and compare two measuring techniques of the aforementioned resorption.MaterialsThe present study was designed as a prospective nonrandomized, controlled clinical trial. A total of 30 implants were split between the two study arms, thin buccal bone and thick buccal bone. The primary outcome was to assess vertical bone changes radiographically by cone beam scans preoperatively, at 2 months and 18 months after implant placement in patients with thin and thick buccal plate. Secondary outcomes included the change in the thickness of the buccal bony plate, marginal bone loss, and pink esthetic score.ResultsOnly 26 implants were statistically analyzed as one early failure was observed in each group. Furthermore, 2 patients of the thick group withdrew from the study. Cone beam computed tomography measurements revealed that at 2 months the vertical bone loss was 1.09 for the thin group and 0.85 for the thick group. The buccal bone plate resorption of the thin group was 0.39 mm while it was 0.52 mm for the thick group. The buccal bone plate was 1.25 mm in the thin group and 1.88 mm in the thick group. The PES did not show any significant difference with very good esthetic results.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the current study, the amount of buccal bone plate resorption and the subsequent thickness obtained after implantation in both groups suggest successful long‐term results. The two measuring techniques have proven to be comparable and reliable in the measurement of buccal bony plate changes.https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT04731545&cntry=EG&state=&city=&dist=