bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrostatic Self‐Assembly Heterostructured MXenes/ Wasted PET‐Derived Carbon for Superior Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Hou Xin , Ren Penggang , Tian Wenhui , Xue Runzhuo , Tong Wu , Chen Zhengyan , Ren Fang , Jin Yanling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon materials have become a focal point in supercapacitors (SCs) due to their perfect charge–discharge behavior, relatively low cost, and excellent electrochemical stability, but the limited electrochemical activity restricts their further development. MXenes (Ti3C2Tx) combine high electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and abundance surface functional groups, which contribute to high energy density when compounded with carbon materials. In this work, carbon material derived from mineral water bottles is modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) that spontaneously forms into porous heterogeneous structures with Ti3C2Tx under electrostatic interactions. The carbon material hinders the reaggregation of Ti3C2Tx, while Ti3C2Tx increases the electrochemical activity on the surface of the carbon material. A hierarchical porous carbon with a large specific surface area of 1754.3 m2 g−1, promoting the electrolyte migration kinetics and high specific capacitance in 6 m KOH electrolyte (404.1 F g−1 at 1 A g−1). The symmetric SC made as‐prepared carbon electrode shows an extended voltage window (1.8 V), an optimal energy density (31.19 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 450 W kg−1) and a low capacitance decay (1% after 15 000 cycles) in 1.5 m Na2SO4. The preparation of electrode material with a unique structure provides a practical and innovative strategy for the value‐added utilization of waste plastics.
Upconversion Nano‐Composites for Orthogonal Trichromatic Luminescence Aiming at High Color Purity Volume Display
Authors: Zhang Nianfeng , Zheng Song , Lin Shisheng , Pang Tao , Zeng Lingwei , Huang Ping , Huang Feng , Chen Daqin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrthogonal three‐color luminescence materials designed based on lanthanide doping multi‐component nano‐systems have exhibited great potential in volume display technology. Previous studies devoted to integrate the different color emitters within a single core‐shell nanoparticle, which suffers complexity in synthesis and difficulty in repeatability. In this work, an alternative is proposed. Three kinds of upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) with relatively simple configurations are prepared separately. Each kind of nanocrystals takes charge of emit a specific color upon one particular excitation (i.e., 808, 980, and 1540 nm pumps). Luminescent property of the mixture containing these nanocrystals are investigated. Excitation wavelength driven orthogonal three‐color luminescence property is found in this mixture. With the combination excitation, the emission color can be modulated, covering a gamut with its aera of 110% sRGB, superior to the previous reports. In addition, a quantized strategy to evaluate the orthogonality of the luminescence is also proposed, which will be useful for the further investigation and development of remote‐type controlled luminescent materials. Finally, the demonstration of colored 3D display application is conducted and presented in this work.
Flexible Throat Patch for Phonetic Recognition and Ingestion Monitoring via Sensory Transition based on Machine Learning
Authors: Hong Wonki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe throat is an organ that includes the larynx, esophagus, and bronchi. Vocalization or deglutition triggers micro‐movements of muscles around the throat. In this study, based on machine learning using a flexible patch, pronunciation is identified by analyzing the vibration and movement of the laryngeal muscles, and the type of food consumed is determined through peristalsis analysis. Previously, voices are recognized through cochlea hair cells, and the type of food intake is identified through taste receptors. However, this study converted auditory or gustatory senses to tactile stage through sensory transition and finally visualized. Using a customized throat patch with segmented nodes, the pronunciation of [a], [e], [i], [o], and [u], representative vowels of languages worldwide, are distinguished with an accuracy of 85.9% based on the polynomial kernel algorithm. In addition, cookies, water, gummies, and chocolate are distinguished with 91.1% accuracy by detecting differences in the esophagus's peristalsis. Transformation of auditory or gustatory sensations to tactile information and visualization is expected to be used for communication in noisy environments or soundless environments such as outer space. This approach can also provide significant potential for determining the type of ingestion for users who have lost their sense of taste.
Intermolecular Interaction Between BODIPY and TPE Enhances Phototherapy
Authors: Gong Zhichao , Kang Guangbo , Shi Ruijie , Jiang Xu , Rong Xuejiao , Du Xiaobing , Wu Jiang , Huang He , Meng Shuxian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFluoroborodipyrrole (BODIPY) and Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) are well‐known molecules in the realm of optical materials, celebrated for their exceptional properties. Recent research increasingly focuses on their combined use. In this study, a novel non‐synthetic method is taken to harness the synergistic therapeutic potential stemming from intermolecular interactions by employing nanoparticle encapsulation and core–shell structure. In vitro and in vivo experiments results show that the nanoparticles encapsulating BODIPY and TPE exhibit low cytotoxicity, efficient antitumor properties, and excellent visualization, achieving remarkable 1+1>2 effects. This innovative method not only provides high therapeutic efficacy, but also reduces time and economic costs, providing a novel perspective for exploring the combination of BODIPY and TPE as well as similar molecules in the field of optical materials.
Efficient Quantum Dot Infrared Photovoltaic with Enhanced Charge Extraction via Applying Gradient Electron Transport Layers
Authors: Liu Sisi , Deng Chengjie , Wang Meng , Wei Aoshen , Luo Tianyu , Lu Haifei , Wen Xiaoyan , Li Ming‐Yu , Zhang Jianbing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPbS quantum dot (QD) infrared (IR) solar cells that can absorb low‐energy photons are promising photovoltaic devices to improve utilization of sunlight energy by broadening absorption range of the sunlight spectrum to short‐wave infrared region. For PbS QD photovoltaics, depleted heterojunction established between photoactive layer and ZnO electron transport layer (ETL) is critical to determine the performance of devices. However, undesired defects in ZnO films and mismatched energy levels have limited the improvement of device properties. Herein, a novel and simple gradient ZnO ETL is developed for achieving high‐performance QD IR solar cells by depositing a Cs‐doped ZnO thin layer on the pristine ZnO film. The resulting gradient ETL exhibits significantly suppressive trap states and a much smoother surface, efficiently reducing the trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination at the interfaces. Meanwhile, realigned energy levels of the gradient ZnO ETL facilitate the transport and extraction of photogenerated carriers. As a result, the champion device shows a high IR open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.446 V and IR power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.27% under 1100 nm filtered illumination. The VOC and PCE are 0.507 V and 11.04% under AM1.5 illumination, respectively. These results demonstrate a promising strategy for exploiting high‐performance infrared optoelectronic devices.
Voltage‐Driven Molecular Orientation with Optical Synergy in Rare Earth Doped Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals
Authors: Sang Xu , Khan Adnan , Xu Rui , Zhang Kang , Tian Ye , Li Yan , Feng Ming , Liu Lisa , Song Feng , Huang Wei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAchieving reversible large‐span photoluminescence regulation still faces difficulties due to limitations in the design or preparation conditions of related materials. Herein, a universal strategy that combines voltage‐driven molecular orientation with optical synergy between rare earth (RE) doped materials and polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) is proposed to achieve large‐span reversible opto‐electrically synergistic induced multi‐response photoluminescence regulation. The obtained Eu(tta)3phen/PDLC composites can exhibit different emission colors reversible transform from purple to purplish‐pink depending on the excitation wavelength and the applied electric voltage. The interaction between PDLC and Eu(tta)3phen is analyzed and the field distribution of internal microstructures is simulated using the finite‐difference time‐domain method, providing a theoretical basis for the voltage‐dependent photon interactions. The potential applications of Eu(tta)3phen/PDLC composites for anticounterfeiting is suggested by demonstrating a proof‐of‐concept anticounterfeiting system based on the composites. The strategy of opto‐electrically synergistic induced multi‐response photoluminescence regulation, with general applicability, can be easily extended to other RE doped materials and PDLC systems, opening up new possibilities for photoluminescence regulation research.
An Electrochemically Driven Oxidative Strecker Reaction via the Unique Hydroxymethyl Radical Intermediate
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Cen‐Xuan , Zhang Guo‐Wei , Wu Ming‐Yu , Feng Shun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlfa‐aminonitriles are versatile and valuable intermediates in pharmaceutical chemistry. Until now, the Strecker reaction has remained the most efficient tool for synthesizing these compounds. Nevertheless, it is only applicable to aldehyde/imine systems and generally needs metal catalysts and external additives. Herein, an electrochemically driven oxidative Strecker reaction strategy was designed and accomplished for the synthesis of α‐aminonitriles with alcohol as the alkylation reagent. The strategy is environmentally friendly, scalable, and compatible with a wide range of functional groups, encompassing aromatic primary amines, secondary amines, and even alkylamine. Utilizing the merits of electro‐organic synthesis, it can be readily magnified from milligram to gram scale by simply adjusting the electrochemical parameters. Emphasized, it testified that a unique intermediate CH2*OH well‐established in fuel cells was involved in the reaction.
A Performance Comparison Between Organic Electrochemical Transistor and Electrode Configurations for Enzymatic Sensing
Authors: Saleh Abdulelah , Wustoni Shofarul , Salvigni Luca , Koklu Anil , Druet Victor , Surgailis Jokubas , Nayak Prem D. , Inal Sahika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) excel at biosensing due to their high amplification factor, which allows for detecting low analyte concentrations and picking up weak physiological signals. One prominent use of OECT is in enzymatic metabolite sensing, with the OECT claimed to have a superior low limit of detection and enhanced sensitivity compared to conventional two or three electrode‐based setups. However, there has yet to be a direct comparative study on the performance metrics of these sensor configurations under unified conditions. Here, the glucose sensing performance of an enzyme‐immobilized electrode is systematically examined in two types of devices that have the same geometrical relations: the first one is a traditional 2‐ or 3‐electrode configuration where the sensing electrode is the working electrode, and in the second one, the enzymatic electrode serves as the gate electrode of an OECT. While benchmarking the performance of OECT technology for enzyme‐based metabolite sensing, this study provides insights into the operation mechanism of OECT‐based enzymatic sensors. These results can help to design more efficient OECT‐based circuits to transduce biological events that involve redox reactions.
Numerical Simulation of the Passive Radiative Cooling Fabric Based on Fiber‐Yarn‐Texture‐Doping Particle 3D Model
Authors: Niu Tianye , Guo Hongyu , Yu Jianyong , Wang Xueli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping passive radiative cooling fabrics could effectively prevent the harmful consequences of global warming, including heat stress and other related illnesses. By enhancing the material compositions and optimizing the structural parameters of conventional fabrics, the creation of radiative cooling fabric that offers both comfort and durability holds great potential. However, the researched simulation models are over‐simplistic, rendering it challenging to precisely portray the fine fabric's structure with the low accuracy of optical properties prediction. In this work, a high‐fidelity model is developed for fabric structure, which allows for precise control of structural parameters of fiber, yarn, texture, and doping particles. Subsequently, by utilizing the FDTD Solutions software, the optical performance of the fabric model is successfully addressed. Furthermore, the coupled heat transfer equation is employed to determine the actual cooling effect of the fabric. It is observed that doping 1% TiO2 nanoparticles and increasing the number of fibers significantly enhances the solar reflectivity, resulting in a cooling effect of approximately 2 °C. To maintain the skin temperature of 34°C, the additional cooling energy required would be reduced by 36 W m−2. These findings are expected to provide crucial guidance and predictions for the development of passive radiative cooling fabrics.
Grinding Surface Roughness Measurement Combined with Simulation Data and Transfer Learning
Authors: Yi Huaian , Feng Ziqiang , Shu Aihua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe surface‐roughness machine vision measurement method requires training numerous samples with uniform roughness values to construct a prediction model. Insufficient actual sample size will make the model lack generalization ability. So, a grinding surface‐roughness measurement method combined with simulation data and transfer learning is proposed. First, through surface simulation, inverse fitting, and three‐dimensional (3D) modeling, more realistic simulation samples are obtained, real samples are prepared, and a simulation imaging system and an actual imaging experiment to acquire surface images are designed. Second, the data distribution difference between the simulation domain and the actual domain through transfer component analysis and the use of the adjusted simulation‐domain data and its label to train a support vector regression model is adjusted. Finally, the model predicts the surface roughness of the uncalibrated actual‐domain sample. For shared features of transferable simulation images and actual images, using the high sensitivity of color information, image features are enhanced and a proportion of pure color region index is designed, strongly correlated within the domain but less differentiated between domains. The results show that the transfer learning prediction accuracy based on this index exceeds 90%, verifying the feasibility of the proposed method and providing a new improvement strategy for sample expansion in visual roughness measurement.
Large‐Scale Numerical Simulation of the Solid Lubricant Behavior in the Leg Joints of Insects
Authors: Filippov Alexander E. , Nadein Konstantin , Gorb Stanislav N. , Kovalev Alexander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSemi‐solid lubricant in the leg joints of insects is represented by tiny cylindrical fragments. The dynamics of lubricant behavior between contact surfaces at the joint scale are investigated using numerical simulation. Results of modeling show that lubricant fragments tend to stick together and form clots of varying shapes and sizes under the influence of shear motion. Formation of such clots, accompanied by constant loss and reproduction of the lubricant, allows maintaining of fluctuating clearance between contact surfaces and helps to reduce friction. Foreign contaminant particles penetrating an open insect joint are removed by the lubricant, to which they stick, reducing abrasive wear.
Pressure Effects and Countermeasures in Solid‐State Batteries: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Xu Hongfei , Yang Shubin , Li Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSolid‐state batteries (SSBs) have garnered significant attention as promising and safe electrochemical solutions for high‐energy storage. Despite their advantageous characteristics, the widespread adoption of SSBs encounters significant obstacles. Foremost among these challenges is the inadequate solid‐state electrolyte (SSE)‐electrode contact, particularly under typical operating conditions with moderate pressures. Consequently, substantial external pressures are conventionally applied to establish a tightly bonded and low‐impedance interfacial connection. Unfortunately, high pressure concurrently precipitates detrimental effects, such as SSE structural fractures and premature short circuits. Moreover, the pressure parameters that are currently employed in laboratory‐scale research lack consistency and far exceed the current industrial requirement (< 1 MPa), which undermines the objective evaluation of SSBs’ actual performance and hampers the practical utilization. This review aims to construct a comprehensive perspective on the effect of pressure on SSBs, with a specific focus on decoupling the interfacial/bulk electrochemo‐mechanical dynamics. In particular, the adverse consequences and fundamental causes of the highly‐pressure‐reliance behavior in SSBs are scrutinized, followed by a systematic summarization of the current strategies toward low‐pressure SSBs. Based on these insights, it is put forth promising directions for better disentangling the electrochemo‐mechanical interplay within SSBs and inspiring the development of pressure‐independent SSBs.
Unveiling the Microscopic Origin of Irreversible Capacity Loss of Hard Carbon for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Jingqiang , Guan Chaohong , Li Huangxu , Wang Danjun , Lai Yanqing , Li Simin , Li Jie , Zhang Zhian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe primary bottleneck hindering the application of hard carbon in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) anodes lies in its inadequate initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Unclear causes of capacity loss at the microscopic level restrict the improvement of hard carbon anodes. Here, two pivotal stages that influence the structure and composition of hard carbon, namely synthesis, and storage are evaluated; subsequently identifying crucial determinants contributing to irreversible capacity loss. The results suggest that undergrown carbon layers allowing the intrusion of solvent molecules into the interior of the hard carbon is a key factor during the synthesis stage, while the gradual formation of oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface of the hard carbon is another factor leading to irreversible loss of capacity during storage stage. This research microscopically clarifies the irreversible capacity loss mechanism on hard carbon and provides guidelines for designing and applying high ICE hard carbon for SIBs.
A Highly‐Flexible and Breathable Photo‐Thermo‐Electric Membrane for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Ma Xiaolu , Zhao Jin , Shou Dahua , Liu Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhoto‐thermo‐electric (PTE) technology is a simple but sustainable method that directly converts solar energy into electricity. However, the manufacturing of flexible and breathable PTE generators for practical applications, such as intelligent wearable and self‐powered sensors, poses significant challenges due to the rigid thermoelectric materials and unbreathable substrates. Here, a highly‐flexible and breathable photo‐thermal‐electric membrane (FB‐PTEM) is developed by magnetron sputtering (MS) on a photo‐thermal nanofiber membrane. A single unit of FB‐PTEM produced an open‐circuit voltage of 0.52 V under 1 sun (100 mW cm−2) and 0.2 V under LED illumination, making it suitable for all‐weather use. The photo‐thermal nanofiber membrane exhibited high photo‐thermal conversion capacity of reaching 70 °C within 50 s under 1 sun irradiation. The FB‐PTEM with a thickness of 0.35 mm achieved a self‐temperature difference of 20.6 °C under 1 sun with the low thermal conductivity of the nanofiber membrane. Furthermore, it has a vapor permeability of 14.6 kg m−2 d−1 due to the inherent high porosity of the nanofiber membranes. The FB‐PTEM demonstrates great potential for the development of highly flexible thermoelectric materials, as it encompasses various advantageous features such as self‐temperature difference, lightweight design, high breathability, and all‐weather suitability.
Atomic Co─P Catalytic Pair Drives Efficient Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Ni Jiaqi , Yan Jing , Li Fuhua , Qi Haifeng , Xu Qingzhu , Su Chenliang , Sun Like , Sun Hongli , Ding Jie , Liu Bin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractElectrochemically reducing nitrate (NO3−), a common water pollutant, to valuable ammonia (NH3) offers a green, sustainable, and decentralized route for ammonia synthesis. Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) involves two crucial reaction steps: nitrate deoxygenation followed by nitrite hydrogenation; in particular, the nitrite hydrogenation reaction is the rate‐determining step (RDS) for NO3−RR. In this work, an atomically dispersed cobalt‐phosphorus (Co─P) catalytic pair (CP) with strong electronic coupling is reported. The Co site in Co─P CP effectively activates NO3−, while the P site in Co─P CP facilitates water dissociation to release H+, synergistically enhancing the thermodynamic and kinetic performance of electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia.
Catalytic Solid‐State Sulfur Conversion Confined in Micropores toward Superhigh Coulombic Efficiency Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Yang Haotian , Wang Li , Geng Chuannan , Zhao Yufei , Li Qiang , Jiang Xin , Tian Zhangliu , Wang Meng , Jiang Chonglai , Sun Zejun , Cui Baihua , He Yan‐Bing , Chen Wei , Lv Wei , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAchieving the solid–solid conversion of sulfur is a fundamental solution to eliminating the shuttling of soluble polysulfides and improving the cycling stability of lithium‐sulfur batteries. However, the sluggish solid reaction kinetics seriously challenge the battery performance. In this work, a micropore‐confined catalysis strategy to achieve the smooth solid–solid conversion of sulfur is proposed. It is realized by storing sulfur in a microporous carbon host with narrow pore size and uniformly distributed single‐atom Co catalytic sites. The microporous structure avoids the contact of electrolyte solvents with the inner sulfur, preventing the formation and dissolution of polysulfides and efficiently suppressing sulfur loss during cycling. The introduced single‐atom Co catalytic sites promote the charge transfer to accelerate the solid–solid conversion of sulfur. When coupled with a liquid carbonate electrolyte, the battery exhibits a remarkably high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ≈99.88% and a minimal capacity decay rate of ≈0.016% per cycle for 1000 cycles at 0.5 C. Even when coupled with the solid‐state electrolyte, the battery still delivers a significantly high capacity of 1100 mAh g−1 and a remarkably high CE of ≈99.83% over 200 cycles. This work reveals a promising solution for developing practical stable Li─S batteries.