bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Consolidation of Polling Locations
Authors: Schmidt Adam P. , Buell Duncan , Albert Laura A. 
Published: March 2024

Problem definition: Many logistical and financial challenges of facilitating an election lead election officials to consolidate polling locations. However, determining when it is appropriate to consolidate polling locations and how to consolidate polling locations, if necessary, is a difficult and high-stakes decision that influences voter participation. Methodology/results: We formalize the set of constraints and criteria that election officials should follow as the polling location consolidation problem (PLCP), which is formulated as an integer programming model. The PLCP simultaneously selects which polling locations will be used in the upcoming election, reassigns voter precincts to polling locations, and allocates critical resources to the selected polling locations. The PLCP minimizes the increased distance that voters must travel to their updated polling location. Because empirical research also demonstrates the importance of reducing the voters’ wait times, we require that most voters do not wait longer than a prespecified limit, such as 30 minutes, using a chance constraint. We prove that identifying a feasible solution to PLCP is NP-complete, which demonstrates the difficulty in making consolidation decisions, as well as the importance of optimization for this problem. Managerial implications: This paper introduces a structured and transparent approach to support election officials in making informed, data-driven decisions regarding how and when to consolidate polling locations that minimally impact voters and encourage voter participation. The approach could be used to develop preapproved contingency plans that could be employed if there are major disruptions to an election. Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0497 .
Determinants of pressure injury development in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kilmer Lee H , Samuel Ankita , Forster Grace L , Stranix John T , Black Jonathan S , Campbell Christopher A , DeGeorge Brent R 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Pressure injuries (PIs) often develop in critically ill patients due to immobility, and underlying comorbidities that decrease tissue perfusion and wound healing capacity. This study sought to provide epidemiological data on determinants and current managements practices of PI in patients with COVID-19. Method: A US national insurance-based database consisting of patients with coronavirus or COVID-19 diagnoses was used for data collection. Patients were filtered by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes corresponding to coronavirus or COVID-19 diagnosis between 2019–2020. Diagnosis of PI following COVID-19 diagnosis was queried. Demographic data and comorbidity information was compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors for both PI development and likelihood of operative debridement. Results: A total of 1,477,851 patients with COVID-19 were identified. Of these, 15,613 (1.06%) subsequently developed a PI, and 8074 (51.7%) of these patients had an intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The average and median time between diagnosis of COVID-19 and PI was 39.4 and 26 days, respectively. PI was more likely to occur in patients with COVID-19 with: diabetes (odds ratio (OR): 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29–1.49; p<0.001); coronary artery disease (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18, p=0.002), hypertension (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.26–1.64; p<0.001); chronic kidney disease (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10–1.26; p<0.001); depression (OR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.36–1.54; p<0.001); and long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.40; p=0.007). They were also more likely in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.31–1.48; p<0.001); and patients requiring vasopressors (OR:1.25, 95% CI: 1.13–1.38; p<0.001), intubation (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.07–1.39; p=0.004), or with a diagnosis of sepsis (OR: 2.38, 95% CI 2.22–2.55; p<0.001). ICU admission, sepsis, buttock and lower back PI along with increasing Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (OR: 1.04, 95% CI 1.00–1.08; p=0.043) was associated with surgical debridement. The vast majority of patients with COVID-19 did not undergo operative debridement or wound coverage. Conclusion: PIs are widely prevalent in patients with COVID-19, especially in those who are critically ill, yet the vast majority do not undergo operative procedures. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Surface profile measurement and parameter analysis of silicon wafers in the upright state
Authors: Yang Ying , Han Sen , Zhang Ling-Hua , Shen Yu-Hang , Xu Chun-Feng 
Published: March 2024

A novel approach, to the best of our knowledge, is presented for assessing silicon wafer surface profiles using an interferometer and vertically rotatable wafer holder. This approach significantly enhances precision and reduces costs, and outperforms traditional techniques in measurement consistency and accuracy. It effectively reduces sample distortion and positional shifts owing to the removal and reinstallation of the wafers. Using this method, a global backsurface-referenced ideal range of 0.385 µm, warp of 0.193 µm, and other parameters were obtained, demonstrating its practicality in efficiently capturing key surface profile metrics for silicon wafers. This innovation promises substantial improvements in high-volume wafer surface profile testing, overcoming prevalent technological challenges in this industry.
Questioning the “Ease” in disease: Was living with HIV a burden or boost during the first wave of Covid-19 in France? A qualitative study (COVIDHIV)
Authors: Roucoux Guillaume , Thonon Frédérique , Zucman David , Rey David , Abgrall Sophie , Eriksson Lars E. , Préau Marie , Michels David , Chéret Antoine , Duracinsky Martin 
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Clinical research has focused on risk factors and treatment for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), particularly in people with a comorbidity including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but little attention has been paid to the care pathway. This article aims to show how living with HIV may have been a biopsychosocial burden or boost in care pathways for Covid-19.

Method
People living with HIV (PLHIV) from 9 clinical centers were invited to participate in this qualitative study. The sampling was purposive with a maximum variation in their sociodemographic profiles. Semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation, then coded for thematic analysis, using an inductive general approach.

Results
We interviewed 34 PLHIV of which 20 had SARS-COV-2 once. They were 24 males, 26 born in France; median age: 55. Twenty had a CD4 number above 500, and all were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV appeared as a burden when Covid-19 symptoms reminded HIV seroconversion, fear of contamination, and triggered questions about ART effectiveness. HIV was not considered relevant when diagnosing Covid-19, caused fear of disclosure when participants sought SARS-COV-2 testing, and its care in hospitals was disrupted by the pandemic. ART-pill fatigue caused avoidance for Covid-19 treatment. As a boost, living with HIV led participants to observe symptoms, to get advice from healthcare professionals, and screening access through them. Some participants could accept the result of screening or a clinical diagnosis out of resilience. Some could consider ART or another drug prescribed by their HIV specialist help them to recover from Covid-19.

Conclusion
Living with HIV could function as a burden and/or a boost in the care pathways for Covid-19, according to patients’ relationship to their HIV history, comorbidities and representation of ART. Covid-19 in PLHIV needs further qualitative study to gain a more comprehensive assessment of the pandemic’s consequences on their lives and coping strategies.
Tongue feature dataset construction and real-time detection
Authors: Chang Wen-Hsien , Chen Chih-Chieh , Wu Han-Kuei , Hsu Po-Chi , Lo Lun-Chien , Chu Hsueh-Ting , Chang Hen-Hong 
Published: March 2024

Background
Tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides clinically important, objective evidence from direct observation of specific features that assist with diagnosis. However, the current interpretation of tongue features requires a significant amount of manpower and time. TCM physicians may have different interpretations of features displayed by the same tongue. An automated interpretation system that interprets tongue features would expedite the interpretation process and yield more consistent results.

Materials and methods
This study applied deep learning visualization to tongue diagnosis. After collecting tongue images and corresponding interpretation reports by TCM physicians in a single teaching hospital, various tongue features such as fissures, tooth marks, and different types of coatings were annotated manually with rectangles. These annotated data and images were used to train a deep learning object detection model. Upon completion of training, the position of each tongue feature was dynamically marked.

Results
A large high-quality manually annotated tongue feature dataset was constructed and analyzed. A detection model was trained with average precision (AP) 47.67%, 58.94%, 71.25% and 59.78% for fissures, tooth marks, thick and yellow coatings, respectively. At over 40 frames per second on a NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060, the model was capable of detecting tongue features from any viewpoint in real time.

Conclusions/Significance
This study constructed a tongue feature dataset and trained a deep learning object detection model to locate tongue features in real time. The model provided interpretability and intuitiveness that are often lacking in general neural network models and implies good feasibility for clinical application.
CHAMPP4KIDS: Mixed methods study protocol to evaluate acceptability and feasibility of Parenting for Lifelong Health materials in a Canadian context
Authors: Gonzalez Andrea , Jack Susan M. , Sim Amanda , Ratcliffe Jenna , Dumbaugh Mari , Bennett Teresa , MacMillan Harriet L. 
Published: March 2024

Background
Parents and caregivers play a key role in children’s healthy development and well-being. Traditional parenting interventions promote positive parenting practices and are key to preventing child maltreatment. However, numerous barriers can limit access to programs, barriers which were further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Parenting for Lifelong Health group developed mass media and public health communication materials to promote positive caregiving behaviours on a population level. The Champions of Positive Parenting 4 Kids (CHAMPP4KIDS) study will examine the acceptability and feasibility of these materials for service providers and caregivers of children aged 2–6 years in Ontario, Canada.

Methods
This study will use a convergent mixed-methods design. Consenting service providers (n = 200) and caregivers (n = 100) will complete a quantitative survey to rate, rank and give feedback on Parenting for Lifelong Health tip sheets and social media ads. Caregivers will also complete self-report scales measuring depression and anxiety. We will hold focus group discussions with a sub-sample of surveyed providers (n = 40) and caregivers (n = 25). An adapted Trials of Improved Practices methodology will explore caregiver perspectives after implementing the tip sheets. Primary quantitative outcomes will be descriptive statistics of rankings, Likert Scale scores and descriptive analysis of caregiver depression and anxiety. Qualitative data will be analyzed using Rapid Qualitative Inquiry and triangulated through a convergent coding matrix.

Discussion
The Parenting for Lifelong Health COVID-19 parenting materials offer succinct, engaging parenting information in a mass media format that addresses some challenges associated with accessing in-person programming. The CHAMPP4KIDS study will provide mixed methods insights on the materials’ acceptability and feasibility from different groups in a Canadian context, with a focus on marginalized families. The use of Trials of Improved Practices methodology could prove a useful tool for participant-led adaptation of existing parenting, early childhood development and other health intervention materials.
Aspects to consider regarding breast cancer risk in trans men: A systematic review and risk management approach
Authors: Wahlström Edvin , Audisio Riccardo A. , Selvaggi Gennaro 
Published: March 2024

Background
The risk of breast cancer in trans men is currently a poorly understood subject and trans men likely carries a different level of risk from that of cis women.

Aim
This review aims to review several aspects that affects breast cancer risk in trans men and to apply the Swiss cheese model to highlight these risks. The study takes its cue from a systematic review of all described breast cancer cases in trans men following medical or surgical intervention because of gender dysphoria.

Methods
PubMed was systematically searched on the 14th of March 2023 to find all published cases of breast cancer following chest contouring surgery in trans men. Included articles had to involve trans men, the diagnosis of breast cancer had to be preceded by either a medical or surgical intervention related to gender dysphoria, and cases needed to involve invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ. Articles were excluded if gender identity in the case subject was unclear and/or a full English version of the report was unavailable. Quality and risk of bias was evaluated using the GRADE protocol. A literature review of specific risk altering aspects in this population followed. The Swiss cheese model was employed to present a risk analysis and to propose ways of managing this risk.

Results
28 cases of breast cancer in trans men have been published. The Swiss cheese model identified several weaknesses associated with methods of preventing breast cancer in trans men.

Clinical implications
This study may highlight the difficulties with managing risk factors concerning breast cancer in trans men to clinicians not encountering this patient group frequently.

Conclusion
This review finds that evidence for most aspects concerning breast cancer in trans men are inadequate, which supports the establishment of a risk-management approach to breast cancer in trans men.
COVID-19 and flu vaccination in Romania, post pandemic lessons in healthcare workers and general population
Authors: Malița Mădălina Adriana , Manolescu Loredana Sabina Cornelia , Perieanu Viorel Ștefan , Babiuc Iuliana , Marcov Elena Cristina , Ionescu Camelia , Beuran Irina Adriana , Prasacu Irina , Perieanu Mădălina Violeta , Voinescu Ioana , Radu Mihaela Corina , Burlibasa Liliana , Dumitrescu Anca Irina , Burlibasa Mihai 
Published: March 2024

Background
Influenza and corona viruses generate vaccine preventable diseases and have pandemic potential, frequently dramatic. A co-infection with these viruses, may be a new worldwide threat, researchers name it flurona. The aim of our study is to assess flu and COVID-19 Romanian vaccination for 2022–2023 season and the factor associated with higher odds to receive flu and COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods
An analytical cross-sectional observational survey was conducted in the general population; a self-administered questionnaire was used.

Results
1056 responders were analyzed, mean age 32.08 ±13.36 years (limits:18–76), majority, 880 (83.33%), from urban areas, 608 (57.58%), high school graduated, 400 (37.88%) parents. More than half of the responders were healthcare workers, 582 (55.11%), also considered study population. In the study group, 796 (73.37%) responders consider flurona vaccination useful; and 872 (82.57%) responders consider that no sanctions are needed for not flurona vaccinating. In the 2022–2023 season, 162 (15.34%) responders vaccinated against the flu and 300 (28.41%) against COVID-19. The factor associated with higher odds to receive flu and COVID-19 vaccine was the habit of flu vaccination: for flu (OR = 58.43; 95% CI: (34.95–97.67)) and for COVID-19 (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: (1.21–2.31)). Other factors such as having university degree (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: (1.08–1.98)) and being a healthcare worker, (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: (1.07–1.87)) were influencing factors only for adult COVID-19 vaccination in the 2022–2023 season. In the parents’ group, in 2022–2023 season, only 48 (12%) vaccinated their children against the flu and 68 (17%) against COVID-19, mostly parents that vaccinated themselves, p<0.001. In the 2022–2023 season, there were only 82 (7.65%) responders vaccinated against both diseases. Logistic regression analysis showed that no factor analyzed influenced the flurona vaccinated parent’s decision to vaccinate their children for flu and for COVID-19.

Conclusions
In the season 2022–2023, in Romania, the vaccination against flu and COVOD-19 is low, in adults and children as well. More efforts must be done to increase flurona vaccination, public health educational programs are strongly needed. Children, that are at greater risk when co-infecting with these viruses, must be vaccinated, school vaccination programs should be considered.
Successful Suture-Free Repair of Left Ventricular Rupture Using the EVARREST Patch
Authors: Miller Paighton C. , Schulte Linda J. , Kotkar Kunal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Left ventricular free wall rupture is a lethal complication of myocardial infarction. Although emergent surgical repair is the treatment of choice, the method of repair remains highly individualized. This report presents a case of spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a patient with Turner syndrome that led to left ventricular free wall rupture and was successfully repaired on cardiopulmonary bypass using a suture-free technique with the EVARREST Fibrin Sealant Patch.
Structural EEG signal analysis for sleep apnea classification
Authors: Kocak Onur , Ficici Cansel , Firat Hikmet , Telatar Ziya 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Diagnosing the sleep apnea can be critical in preventing the person having sleep disorder from unhealthy results. The aim of this study is to obtain a sleep apnea scoring approach by comparing parametric and non-parametric power spectral density (PSD) estimation methods from EEG signals recorded from different brain regions (C4–M1 and O2–M1) for transient signal analysis of sleep apnea patients.

Methods
Power Spectral Density (PSD) methods (Burg, Yule–Walker, periodogram, Welch and multi-taper) are examined for the detection of apnea transition states including pre-apnea, intra-apnea and post-apnea together with statistical methods.

Results
In the experimental studies, EEG recordings available in the database were analyzed with PSD methods. Results showed that there are statistically significant differences between parametric and non-parametric methods applied for PSD analysis of apnea transition states in delta, theta, alpha and beta bands. Moreover, it was also revealed that PSD of EEG signals obtained from C4–M1 and O2–M1 channels were also found statistically different as proved by classification using the K-nearest neighbour (KNN) method.

Conclusions
It was concluded that not only applying different PSD methods, but also EEG signals from different brain regions provided different statistical results in terms of apnea transition states as obtained from KNN classification.
The impact of physiological variations on personalized reference intervals and decision limits: an in-depth analysis
Authors: Coskun Abdurrahman , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The interpretation of laboratory data is a comparative procedure. Physicians typically need reference values to compare patients’ laboratory data for clinical decisions. Therefore, establishing reliable reference data is essential for accurate diagnosis and patient monitoring. Human metabolism is a dynamic process. Various types of systematic and random fluctuations in the concentration/activity of biomolecules are observed in response to internal and external factors. In the human body, several biomolecules are under the influence of physiological rhythms and are therefore subject to ultradian, circadian and infradian fluctuations. In addition, most biomolecules are also characterized by random biological variations, which are referred to as biological fluctuations between subjects and within subjects/individuals. In routine practice, reference intervals based on population data are used, which by nature are not designed to capture physiological rhythms and random biological variations. To ensure safe and appropriate interpretation of patient laboratory data, reference intervals should be personalized and estimated using individual data in accordance with systematic and random variations. In this opinion paper, we outline (i) the main variations that contribute to the generation of personalized reference intervals (prRIs), (ii) the theoretical background of prRIs and (iii) propose new methods on how to harmonize prRIs with the systematic and random variations observed in metabolic activity, based on individuals’ demography.
China’s Crackdown on Crypto Mining from a Climate Perspective: Unified Efforts from Administrative Authorities and the Judiciary
Authors: Cheng Kwan Yiu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This article presents an examination of the unified efforts by China’s central authorities and the judiciary in the crackdown on crypto mining within the country. It discusses the environmental ramifications of crypto mining and traces its development in China, highlighting the resource-intensive nature of the process. Crypto mining risks China’s national objectives of promoting high-quality economic and social development, as well as industrial optimisation, energy conservation and emissions reduction. The central government’s commitment to climate goals and ecological civilisation, coupled with the perceived minimal economic benefits and substantial environmental damage caused by crypto mining, led to the issuance of the Notice on Rectifying Mining Activities of Virtual Currencies in September 2021. This article discusses the implications of the Notice and how it has been implemented at both national and local levels by the administrative authorities. With reference to typical cases, it examines how the judiciary in delivering judgments has kept in line with the spirit of the Notice by analysing mining-related civil disputes as they arise in courts and reflects on the interplay of legal and administrative measures in shaping a sustainable and environmentally conscious approach to emerging technologies in China and beyond.
Representation zeta function of a family of maximal class groups: Non-exceptional primes
Authors: Ezzat Shannon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We use a constructive method to obtain all but finitely many 𝑝-local representation zeta functions of a family of finitely generated nilpotent groups

M
n

M_{n}

with maximal nilpotency class.
For representation dimensions coprime to all primes

p
<
n

p<n

, we construct all irreducible representations of

M
n

M_{n}

by defining a standard form for the matrices of these representations.