bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrared study of the oxidation of porous silicon: evidence of surface modes
Authors: Acquaroli L. N. , Brondino A. , Schmidt J. A. , Arce R. D. , Koropecki R. R. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe evolution of FTIR spectra of PS during oxidation is studied in the range 450‐1300 cm–1. We show that the small scale of the PS structure leads to a significant scattering cross section for Fröhlich surface modes associated to stretching modes in siloxane bridges. The kinetics of the evolution of both bulk‐ and surface‐related modes are studied using Principal Component Analysis. As a result, two independent components are found, one of them related to TO modes associated to silicon oxide covering large structures and the other one associated to the oxidation of a distribution of prolate ellipsoids with nanoscopic size. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Detection and light enhancement of glucose oxidase adsorbed on porous silicon microcavities
Authors: Palestino Gabriela , Martin Marta , Agarwal Vivechana , Legros René , Cloitre Thierry , Zimányi László , Gergely Csilla 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPorous silicon (PSi) structure is used as support material to detect protein infiltration and to induce fluorescence and second harmonic light enhancement from glucose oxidase (GOX). Functionalization and protein infiltration is monitored by specular reflectometry. Optical response enhancement of PSi microcavity structures compared to PSi single layers or Bragg mirrors is observed, when GOX is impregnated. Penetration of organic molecules along the PSi microcavity structure is demonstrated by energy dispersive X‐ray profile. Enhanced fluorescence emission of GOX when adsorbed on PSi microcavity is evidenced by multi‐photon microscopy (MPM). Second harmonic light generation is observed at some particular pores of PSi and subsequent resonance enhancement of the signal arising from the GOX adsorbed within the pores is detected. Our work evidences an improved device functionality of GOX‐PSi microcavities due to strongly confined and localized light emission within these structures. This opens the way towards the application of PSi microcavity structures as amended biosensors based on their locally enhanced optical response. The second main achievement lies in the novelty of the used techniques. In contrast to the specular reflectometry used to monitor the macroscopic optical response of PSi structures, MPM presents a valuable alternative microscopic technique probing individual pores. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Pore growth on n‐type InP investigated by in‐situ FFT impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Leisner Malte , Carstensen Jürgen , Cojocaru Ala , Föll Helmut 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn this work in‐situ FFT impedance spectroscopy is applied to analyze the growth of current‐line oriented pores in (100) oriented n‐type InP. A fitting model based on standard electrical equivalent elements is developed, which yields very consistent and good results during the course of long‐time etching experiments. An analysis based on the time and parameter dependence of the fitting parameters, as well as a measurement of the pore depth as a function of etching time, allows to identify the physico‐chemical reactions and processes related to the different parts of the impedance. The interface (reaction) at the pore tips, a mass transfer phenomenon inside the pores, as well as a third process located outside the pores are observed. The characteristic behavior of these processes under variations of the electrolyte concentration or the applied external potential yields a deep insight into the total pore formation process: The potential drop over the interface at the pore tips could be identified to be independent of the HCl concentration or applied external potential. The mass transfer process is directly responsible for the total current flowing, and thus for the growth rate of the pores. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Evolution of nanoporous silicon phase composition and electron energy structure under natural ageing
Authors: Turishchev Sergey , Lenshin Alexander , Domashevskaya Evelina , Kashkarov Vladimir , Terekhov Vladimir , Pankov Konstantin , Khoviv Dmitry 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNanoporous silicon layers were obtained on different types of single crystalline silicon substrates by standard electrochemical etching in HF solution. Investigations of electron structure, surface layers phase composition and photoluminescence evolution in nanoporous silicon during natural ageing for the time period for up to one year were performed with the use of the ultrasoft X‐ray emission spectroscopy (USXES), X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and photoluminescence. USXES and XANES spectra represent local partial density of states in valence and conduction band, correspondingly. The presence of the elementary silicon together with different silicon suboxides in surface layers is shown. Considerable differences in the kinetics of ageing can explain different photoluminescence properties of nanoporous silicon doped with P and Sb. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transition metals specifically electrodeposited into porous silicon
Authors: Rumpf Klemens , Granitzer Petra , Poelt Peter , Krenn Heinz 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPorous silicon (PS) is fabricated by anodization in aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution in the transition region between meso and macro pores. In the employed process the pore‐diameters are adjustable from 30 nm up to 100 nm using the same electrolyte as well as the same doping density of the wafer. Furthermore the self‐assembled pore‐arrangements show a quasi‐regular three‐dimensional nano‐architecture. These achieved PS‐membranes offering oriented pores with an aspect ratio around 1000 are filled with a transition metal in a galvanic deposition process. The use of different metals (Ni, Co, NiCo, Cu) together with the proper variation of the deposition parameters (e.g. current density and pulse duration) as well as the employment of different morphologies of the templates allow to tune the shape of the metal precipitations as well as their spatial distribution within the channels and therefore the possibility arises to influence the physical properties of the specimens. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Microstructure and optical properties of porous silicon after plasma assisted nitridation
Authors: Frascella F. , Mandracci P. , Venturello A. , Sciacca B. , Giorgis F. , Geobaldo F. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPorous silicon samples have been subjected to plasma treatments under ammonia atmosphere. The samples were characterized by IR, UV‐Visible reflectance and stationary photoluminescence spectroscopies. A deep modification concerning both surface and bulk properties of silicon nanocrystals is clearly observed. In particular, the nanocrystals surface is covered by amino groups, as checked by IR spectroscopy, whilst bulk modification can be inferred by UV‐Visible reflectance and luminescence characterizations, in particular for high porosity. The results demonstrate that plasma assisted nitridation yields to a controllable modification of the optical and chemical properties of porous silicon, without need of thermal annealing and/or wet chemical processes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Protein‐mesoporous silicon matrix obtained by S‐layer technology
Authors: Kleps Irina , Ignat Teodora , Miu Mihaela , Simion Monica , Popescu Gabriela Teodosiu , Enache Madalin , Dumitru Lucia 
Published: February 2009

AbstractProtein layers on porous silicon (PS) substrates were prepared using haloarchaea strain Haloferax sp. as S‐layer subunits. The attaching of S‐layer at PS samples was performed by immersing the PS samples in S‐layer solution in sterile conditions, followed by 24 hours incubation at two temperatures, 4 and 24 °C. Spectrophotometric determination of the S‐layer attachment on the porous silicon substrate was performed at 280 nm wavelength by measuring the protein concentration in solution before and after the incubation of PS samples. The protein layer morphology on the PS substrate was investigated by electron microscopy. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Atomic simulation of the 30° partial dislocation interaction with divacancy in silicon
Authors: Wang Chaoying , Meng Qingyuan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe interactions of the 30° partial dislocation with a divacancy (V2) in silicon are investigated by the molecular dynamics simulation method. The results under different temperature and shear stress conditions show that the 30° partial dislocation is pinned when the dislocation encounters V2. When the shear stress approaches a critical value τc, the dislocation can overcome the pin. As the temperature increases, τc decreases approximately as a linear function. Moreover, it is found that τc is mainly determined by the migration barrier of the corresponding kink. Finally, V2 can make the 30° partial dislocation move faster once the dislocation overcomes the pin. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Correlation of pre‐breakdown sites and bulk defects in multicrystalline silicon solar cells
Authors: Lausch Dominik , Petter Kai , Wenckstern Holger von , Grundmann Marius 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStrong correlation between the pre‐breakdown sites visible in dark lock‐in thermography due to local heating and the intensity of spatially resolved electroluminescence of reverse‐biased solar cells was observed. By comparing differently texturised solar cells we could show that the pre‐breakdown sites are not correlated to the surface morphology, e.g. etch pits resulting in local field enhancement. The positions of the pre‐breakdown sites are identical for acidic and alkaline texturised solar cells and therefore are directly related to bulk defects in the wafer. Nevertheless, the breakdown voltage is lower for acidic texturised solar cells; the parameters of breakdown are influenced by the texture in contrast to the position. Also pre‐breakdown sites are observed in areas without specific surface features for alkaline texturised solar cells. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Identification of new trace triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Panax notoginseng by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Yuanyan , Li Jianbei , He Jiuming , Abliz Zeper , Qu Jing , Yu Shishan , Ma Shuanggang , Liu Jing , Du Dan 
Published: February 2009

AbstractTriterpenoid saponins are the major bioactive constituents of Panax notoginseng. In the study reported here, the fragmentation behavior of triterpenoid saponins from P. notoginseng was investigated by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MSn)and high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐MSn). Analyses revealed that product ions from glycosidic and cross‐ring cleavages can give a wealth of structural information regarding the nature of the aglycone, sugar types, the sequence and linkage information of sugar units. It is noted that different glycosylation positions remarkably influenced the fragmentation behaviors, which could assist in the differentiation of saponin analogues. To rationalize this characteristic, the collision energy required for various glycosidic cleavages was investigated. According to the summarized fragmentation rules, identification of triterpenoid saponins from the roots of P. notoginseng could be fulfilled, even when reference standards were unavailable. Furthermore, minor and trace constituents were enriched and detected by eliminating the major constituents in one of the saponin fractions. As a result, a total of 151 saponins, including 56 new trace ones, were identified or tentatively characterized from saponin fractions based on their retention times, HPLC/HRMS, HPLC/ESI‐MSn fragmentation behaviors and comparison with literature data. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Equitable coloring of random graphs
Authors: Krivelevich Michael , Patkós Balázs 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAn equitable coloring of a graph is a proper vertex coloring such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. The least positive integer k for which there exists an equitable coloring of a graph G with k colors is said to be the equitable chromatic number of G and is denoted by χ=(G). The least positive integer k such that for any k′ ≥ k there exists an equitable coloring of a graph G with k′ colors is said to be the equitable chromatic threshold of G and is denoted by χ=*(G). In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of these coloring parameters in the probability space G(n,p) of random graphs. We prove that if n−1/5+ϵ < p < 0.99 for some 0 < ϵ, then almost surely χ(G(n,p)) ≤ χ=(G(n,p)) = (1 + o(1))χ(G(n,p)) holds (where χ(G(n,p)) is the ordinary chromatic number of G(n,p)). We also show that there exists a constant C such that if C/n < p < 0.99, then almost surely χ(G(n,p)) ≤ χ=(G(n,p)) ≤ (2 + o(1))χ(G(n,p)). Concerning the equitable chromatic threshold, we prove that if n−(1−ϵ) < p < 0.99 for some 0 < ϵ, then almost surely χ(G(n,p)) ≤ χ=* (G(n,p)) ≤ (2 + o(1))χ(G(n,p)) holds, and if ${{\log^{1+\epsilon}n}\over {n}}$ < p < 0.99 for some 0 < ϵ, then almost surely we have χ(G(n,p)) ≤ χ=*(G(n,p)) = Oϵ(χ(G(n,p))). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2009
Peer and inmate aggression, type D‐personality and post‐traumatic stress among Dutch prison workers
Authors: Kunst Maarten J. J. , Bogaerts Stefan , Winkel Frans W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study investigated the adverse effects of exposure to inmate or peer aggression, type D‐personality and their interactions on post‐traumatic stress reactions among a sample of prison workers. The basic tenet of type D‐personality is that not so much the experience of negative emotions per se is responsible for negative health consequences, but rather the way individuals cope with such emotions. Many studies have revealed diverse adverse health outcomes of type D‐personality, particularly among cardiac patients. However, the moderating effect of social inhibition has never been statistically examined in other populations. Participants (111 men, 40 women) were recruited in 10 Dutch correctional institutions. The results showed that victims of aggression are more prone to develop Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms than non‐victims, although this particularly applied to victims of peer aggression. Furthermore, an interaction effect was observed between inmate aggression and type D‐personality. Finally, both peer aggression and type D‐personality contributed to the development of PTSD. The results were discussed together with recommendations for future research. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Life context and the experience of chronic illness: is the stress of life associated with illness perceptions and coping?
Authors: Karademas Evangelos C. , Karamvakalis Nikolaos , Zarogiannos Aristides 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStress resulting from the broader life context (life stress) is involved in the development and progress of many diseases, as well as in the adjustment to chronic illness. It may also be associated with the specific ways patients perceive and respond to illness. In this respect, the purpose of this study was to examine the possible relationships between life stress, and illness‐related perceptions and coping. A cross‐sectional design was employed. Participants completed measures regarding life stress, illness perceptions, illness‐related coping and restrictions imposed by the illness. One hundred and one chronically ill outpatients participated in the study. Their mean age was 51.10 years (SD = 12.88), and the mean time elapsed since initial diagnosis was 12.74 years (SD = 9.32). According to the results, life stress was associated with certain illness perceptions (i.e. personal control over illness, illness consequences) and illness‐related coping strategies (i.e. palliative coping, emotional reactions), even after controlling for sociodemographic variables and illness‐associated factors. Moreover, illness consequences mediated the effects of life stress on the two coping strategies. These results underline the significance of the broader life context regarding the experience of chronic illness. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Systematic Nomenclature for Codifying Engineered Nanostructures
Authors: Gentleman Darcy J. , Chan Warren C. W. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractNanotechnology's growing applications are fueled by the synthesis and engineering of a myriad nanostructures, yet there is no systematic naming or classification scheme for such materials. This lack of a coherent nomenclature is confusing the interpretation of data sets and threatens to hamper the pace of progress and risk assessment. A systematic nomenclature that encodes the overall composition, size, shape, core and ligand chemistry, and solubility of nanostructures is presented. A typographic string of minimalist field codes facilitates digital archiving and searches for desired properties. This nomenclature system could also be used for nanomaterial hazard labeling.
Toward a framework of innovation management in logistics firms: A systems perspective
Authors: Shen Hao , Wang Longwei , Xu Qiang , Li Yuan , Liu Xunfeng 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWith the rapid circumstance changes, innovation has become a strategic choice for many logistics firms in the 21st century. In this paper, we will see innovation as a system which is composed of six elements. We will also look at the relationships among these elements in the context of the systems theory. Finally, we will suggest how to manage the enterprise innovation system (EIS) to achieve systematic innovation and sustained innovation to attain competitive advantages with strategic perspectives for logistics firms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An extension of technology acceptance model: Analysis of the adoption of mobile data services in China
Authors: Qi Jiayin , Li Ling , Li Yuanquan , Shu Huaying 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMobile data services are entering into all aspects of people's life and are expected to be an important revenue source of telecom carriers. Nevertheless, the acceptance pace of mobile data services is slower than the expected level projected by the telecommunication industry. This research investigated the reason that people use mobile data services in China. Combined with subscribers' experience factors, an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) for mobile data services was presented. The model was tested using data collected from 802 mobile subscribers. The findings of the study indicate that mobile voice service and innovation experience of mobile data services affect subscribers' consumption intention greatly; subscribers' perceived ease‐of‐use and brand experience influence subscribers' attitude towards mobile data services largely. Promotion of mobile data services is most effective when it is promoted with perfect voice service experience. Additionally, our findings suggest that mobile service carriers need to enhance their investments in mobile data services' R&D. Collaboration among the value chain members of mobile data services will promise cutting‐edge new products and services. Using system methodology, a mobile data service infusion system model was constructed to explain the general adoption rules of mobile data services. The adoption of mobile data services in mobile logistics area was also discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A system dynamics approach to competitive strategy in mobile telecommunication industry
Authors: Qi Jiayin , Li Ling , Ai Hua 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper analyses the mobile carriers' competition strategies by using balanced scorecard and system dynamics (SD) modelling. Four indexes are used to evaluate two major Chinese mobile telecom carriers, which are Internal Business Index, Financial Index, Market and Customer Index and Innovation and Learning Index. With these four indexes, a SD model is developed based on systems methodology, which includes eight sub‐systems and 80 variables. Considering the government's regulation policy, the two carriers' competitive strategies are studied through modelling and simulaton. The result shows that for carrier B, improving the investment efficiency is more important; while for carrier A, the product innovation is an essential issue. This research explores an effective way to construct an analytical framework for dynamic competitive strategy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In‐Situ‐Charakterisierung optischer Mehrschichtsysteme in Großflächen‐ Produktionsanlagen
Authors: Deus Carsten , Prö Holger 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBei der industriellen Produktion komplexer optischer Schichtstapel wie Spiegel‐, Antireflex‐und LowE‐Beschichtungen auf großen Substraten sind in die Beschichtungsanlage integrierte optische Analysesysteme unverzichtbare Hilfsmittel, um eine stabile Produktion innerhalb der oft engen Produkttoleranzen gewährleisten zu können. Diese stellen im Idealfall nicht nur die zur Qualitätskontrolle erforderlichen spektralen Informationen und daraus abgeleitete Gütekriterien zur Verfügung, sondern unterstützen das Bedienpersonal mit Informationen zur Dicke der Einzelschichten bei der schnellen Erkennung und Korrektur von Abweichungen vom Zielschichtsystem. Es werden Lösungsansätze auf der Basis von in‐situ gemessenen Reflexions‐, Transmissions‐und Ellipsometriespektren vorgestellt, die zur Schichtdickenberechnung nicht nur die Spektren des kompletten Schichtstapels, sondern auch während der Abscheidung aufgenommene Spektren von Teilstapeln berücksichtigen. Dabei werden Genauigkeit, Robustheit und Stabilität verschiedener Mess‐und Auswertestrategien miteinander verglichen.
Die patentierten Erfindungen von Wolfgang Gaede aus der Zeit von 1905 bis 1945
Authors: Henning Hinrich 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDie Liste von Gaedes Patenten ist ein Beispiel aus früher Zeit für eine fruchtbare Zusammenarbeit zwischen Industrie und Wissenschaft, aus der mehrere bis in unsere Zeit wichtige Erfindungen hervorgegangen sind. Die Verbindung hat schwere Zeiten überdauert und hielt selbst dann, als Gaede von den Nazis widerrechtlich zum Verzicht auf seinen Lehrstuhl gezwungen wurde.
Anlagen für die Solarzellen‐Schichterzeugung benötigen hervorragend ausgelegte Vakuumsysteme
Authors: Kuhn Monika 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDie Auslegung geeigneter Vakuumlösungen für die Produktion von Solarzellen mittels Dünnschichttechnologie ist eine der großen Herausforderungen für die Hersteller von Vakuumpumpen.Eine exakte Abstimmung des Systems auf die jeweiligen Einsatzfälle in Hinblick auf Sicherheit, Korrosion, Gefahrenpotential und Robustheit ist nur durch Einsatz unterschiedlicher Pumptechnologien in Verbindung mit umfangreichem Applikationswissen und geeignetem Zubehör möglich. Die Herausforderungen werden in den kommenden Jahren wachsen, da die Produktionsprozesse ständigen Veränderungen unterliegen und die Erfahrung auf Seiten der Betreiber begrenzt ist.Eine ständige Produktanpassung an geänderte Prozessbedingungen ist unumgänglich, um langfristig die Kosten zu senken und die Zuverlässigkeit der Systeme zu erhöhen.