bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The midfacial degloving approach to sinonasal disease
Authors: Howard David J. , Lund Valerie J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe midfacial degloving approach was first described by Cassonet al.in 1974 but despite a number of papers in the American literature advocating its use, it has not gained popularity in Europe. The advantages and application of the technique are presented in 36 patients, ranging from 7–78 years of age. The approach is ideally suited for extensive benign lesions in the nasal cavity, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses and enables access to the nasopharynx and infratemporal fossa whilst avoiding an external incision. These lesions have included angiofibroma (13 cases), inverted papilloma (five cases), a variety of cysts (three cases) and six miscellaneous cases of benign pathology. Malignant lesions which have not breached the anterior cranial fossa may also be removed, up to and including bilateral maxillectomy (nine cases) and this can be combined with orbital clearance. The approach may be repeated if necessary and is associated with few significant complications though vestibular stenosis, oro-antral fistula, nasolacrimal damage and upward rotation of the nasal tip may occur. Strategies to avoid these problems can be undertaken and long-term cosmetic results are excellent.
A comparative study of calcium sodium alginate (Kaltostat®) and bismuth tribromophenate (xeroform®) packing in the management of epistaxis
Authors: McGlashan J. A. , Walsh R. , Dauod A. , Vowles A. , Gleeson M. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of calcium sodium alginate fibre (Kaltostat®) to petrolatum gauze impregnated with bismuth tribromophenate (Xeroform®) for the control of epistaxes that require hospital admission.Forty patients presenting with severe epistaxis requiring hospital admission were treated with either Kaltostat®r Xeroform® nasal packs. Allocation to either treatment group was made randomly. The composition of each group in terms of age, sex distribution, aetiology of epistaxis and severity of bleed was not significantly different.There was no significant difference in the efficacy or patient acceptability of either therapeutic agent. It is concluded that calcium sodium alginate fibre should be considered as an acceptable alternative to traditional gauze packing.
Early marked arytenoid calcification in a case of suspected foreign body
Authors: Barr G. D. , Barr J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA case of early marked calcification of the arytenoid cartilages is presented in a patient with a suspected pharyngeal foreign body. The calcification on X-ray had the appearance of the expected foreign body. Calcification of the arytenoid cartilages is discussed.
The value of head dressings for middle ear surgery
Authors: Rowe-Jones Julian M. , Leighton Susanna E. J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA prospective trial was performed to ascertain the value of head dressings in the post-operative management of patients undergoing middle ear and mastoid surgery. One hundred consecutive patients were randomly allocated to a head dressing or no head dressing group after wound closure.Nine patients in the head dressing group developed a wound complication as opposed to four patients in the no head dressing group.The application of a pressure dressing following middle ear and mastoid surgery is unnecessary and may contribute to increased wound morbidity.
Fatal massive upper respiratory tract haemorrhage: an unusual complication of localized amyloidosis of the larynx
Authors: Chow Louis Tsun-Cheung , Chow Wing-Hing , Shum Bobby Shui-fung 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLocalized amyloidosis of the larynx is usually described as a non-bleeding lesion. We report a patient with localized laryngeal amyloidosis who developed a massive upper respiratory tract haemorrhage and died. This potentially fatal complication of localized amyloidosis of the larynx merits recognition as the disease could be controlled in most instances by surgical excision of the amyloid deposit.
Ossifying fibromyxoid tumour (of soft parts) of the head and neck: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of nine cases
Authors: Williams Stephen B. , Ellis Gary L. , Meis Jeanne M. , Heffner Dennis K. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOssifying fibromyxoid tumour (OFT) is a recently described, mesenchymal neoplasm originally defined as a borderline or low-grade malignant lesion. Prior reports of OFT characterize it as a slow growing lesion with a propensity to occur in both the upper and lower extremities. Most OFTs have occurred within the deep subcutis or skeletal muscle. We report nine cases which arose in the head and neck region. Six of the nine tumours were classified as ossifying variants of OFT while two were non-ossifying variants that lacked a discernable shell of lamellar bone. One tumour was classified as a malignant OFT. Seven lesions occurred in a subcutaneous site while two lesions occurred intraorally beneath the gingival and palatal mucosa. The OFTs occurred in six men and three women (age range of 29–75 years). The tumours had histological features compatible with previously described OFTs and consisted of lobulated nests of small, cytologically bland round cells (with the exception of one malignant OFT), with a myxoid to hyalinized stroma and were surrounded in part by dense fibrous connective tissue. Six cases had an incomplete rim of lamellar bone with occasional perpendicularly orientated spicules of bone. Five lesions were immunostained. S-100 protein, neuron specific enolase, and Leu-7 were found in three out of five tumours. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and muscle specific actin (MSA) were detected in two out of five lesions, although staining for SMA and MSA was weak in reactivity. Staining for vimentin was strongly positive in all five cases tested. The tumours were not reactive with antibodies directed against cytokeratin, epithelial membrance antigen or neurofilament protein. Follow-up information, available in eight cases, revealed multiple local recurrences in the one tumour believed to be a malignant OFT. The histogenesis of these tumours is uncertain, although the preponderance of evidence suggests a Schwann cell origin.
Epidemic typhus fever and hearing loss: a histological study
Authors: Friedmann I. , Frohlich A. , Wright A. 
Published: November 2007

Hearing loss as a frequent complication of louse–bome epidemic typhus fever has been well documented in the reports of ENT specialists serving in both the Allied and the German armies in the last war. The present paper describes the characteristic histopathological features as noted in sections of the temporal bones from five British soldiers who died in 1944 of typhus fever during the last war in Eastern Asia. The VHIth nerve showed multiple ‘typhus nodules’ and there was extensive interstitial neuritis of the VHIth nerve and demyelination of the nerve fibres. There were also widely scattered aggregations of mononuclear cells in the inner ear.This unique study was based on the Hallpike collection of temporal bone sections.
Treatment of acoustic tumours in elderly patients: is surgery warranted?
Authors: Ramsay Hans A. W. , Luxford William M. 
Published: November 2007

Controversy regarding the best and safest treatment of acoustic tumours in elderly patients still exists. These patients may therefore end up having either microsurgical tumour removal, stereotactic radiosurgery or no treatment at all, depending on where the treatment decision is made. We evaluated the results of microsurgery for acoustic tumour removal in 65 patients who were 70 years of age or older. Surgery was performed between 1982 and 1989, using the translabyrinthine approach. Total tumour removal was achieved in 61 patients (94 per cent). No deaths due to surgery occurred. Other than one case of meningitis, there were no serious complications. Seven cases had post-operative CSF leaks, and three required surgery for correction of the problem. Facial nerve function pre-operatively, at the time of discharge and at one year or more post-operatively was compared to that in a younger age group. No differences between the groups were found. Nor was there any significant difference in mean operative time, blood loss, or hospital stay between the older and younger patients.We believe that total microsurgical tumour removal is the treatment of choice in patients who are in good health, regardless of age. Partial removal is acceptable only if the tumour is adherent to the facial nerve or if vital-sign changes occur during surgery. Other forms of treatment are reserved for cases where surgery is contraindicated or refused by the patient.
Mast cell quantitation in nasal polyps, sinus mucosa and nasal turbinate mucosa
Authors: Otsuka Hirokuni , Ohkubo Kimihiro , Seki Harumi , Ohnishi Masaki , Fujikura Terumichi 
Published: November 2007

The distribution and abundance of mast cells in nasal polyps, the maxillary sinus mucosa of patients with sinusitis and the turbinate mucosa of allergic rhinitis was microscopically examined using different methods of fixation. In the epithelium of the surface and the ducts of nasal polyps (n = 8), the mean number of mast cells was over 20,000 per mm3 using Mota's fixation and the increase was correlated with the epithelial thickness (P<0.05). On the other hand those of the maxillary sinus mucosa (n = 6) and the nasal turbinate mucosa (n = 7) were less than 6,000 per mm3. In the subepithelial layer or areas deeper than the area with the glands, however, mast cell counts were less than 3,200 per mm3 in all diseases. More than 70–90 per cent of all mast cells in the epithelium of the mucosal surface and the ducts of the polyp, the maxillary sinus mucosa and nasal turbinates were formalin sensitive. Most of the mast cells in the subepithelial and deeper areas were formalin resistant in all diseases.These results suggest that conditions for mast cell growth differ between polyps and the other diseases, and that the conditions which affect mast cells may contribute to polyp development.
A wooden orbital foreign body
Authors: Rajah V. 
Published: November 2007

AbstarctA case is reported in which a patient presented, 18 months after initial injury, with a progressive proptosis of the left eye. X-rays did not reveal a foreign body but a fracture of the lateral orbital wall and an area of soft tissue density were seen on the CT scan. Exploration of the orbit revealed a 2 cm wooden fragment in the floor of the orbit.
Osteoblastoma of the nasal cavity
Authors: Chen Karl T. K. , Weinberg Richard A. , Simpson Preston R. , Tschang Tai-Po 
Published: November 2007

AbstarctThe clinicopathological features of a rare case of osteoblastoma of the nasal cavity arising from the nasal turbinate are reported and compared with four reported cases of osteoblastoma with nasal cavity involvement. Two of the five tumours involved the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The remaining three tumours were confined in the nasal cavity; one arose from nasal bone and two from nasal turbinate periosteum. Four tumours were successfully treated with local excision. One tumour recurred locally after excision; the recurrence was apparently controlled by further local excision.
Palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus: an unusual cause of dysphagia and dysarthria
Authors: Drysdale A. J. , Ansell J. , Adeley J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstarctWe describe a case of palato-pharyngo-laryngeal myoclonus, an unusual variant of palatal myoclonus, which presented with dysphagia and dysarthna. The aetiology and presenting features of myoclonus are discussed. Various treatment options are considered.
Supraglottic laryngectomy: experience with 66 patients over 20 years
Authors: Nikolaou Angelos , Daniilidis John , Fountzilas George , Kouloulas Anthanasios , Sombolos Kostas , Velegrakis George 
Published: November 2007

AbstractWe reviewed the records of 66 consecutive patients with previously untreated supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma who underwent a supraglottic laryngectomy in our department between 1970 and 1989. There were 23 T1, 30 T2and 13 T3cases. Eight patients had neck metastases and underwent neck dissection also. Twentyfour (36 per cent) patients received post–operative radiotherapy. Two–year and five–year survival rates were 88.9 per cent and 82.2 per cent respectively. When the survival rates of the patients with T1, T2and T3lesions were calculated separately and compared with each other the differences were not statistically significant. Recurrences, post-operative complications, time to progression and indications for supraglottic laryngectomy are discussed.
Laryngeal closure at the level of the false cord for the treatment of aspiration
Authors: Kitahara Satoshi , Ikeda Makoto , Ohmae Yukio , Nakanoboh Manabu , Inouye Tetsuzo , Healy Gerald B. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA new procedure for aspiration which closes the larynx at the level of the false cords is reported. This method is not harmful to the vocal folds and maintains arytenoid movement, thus preserving phonatory function. With the advance of the operative technique for aspiration and swallowing rehabilitation, patients who have recovered from aspiration can be helped. Our procedure can be recommended for such cases.
Malignant schwannoma of the parapharyngeal space in von Recklinghausen's disease: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Elias M. M. , Balm A. J. M. , Peterse J. L. , Keus R. B. , Hilgers F. J. M. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractNeurofibromatosis (NF) or von Recklinghausen's disease is frequently accompanied by malignant tumours, which can occur at any site in the body. These malignancies are mainly of soft tissue origin. Of all head and neck malignancies, the number of soft tissue sarcomas is limited and in combination with NF this type of tumour is a rare event. In this report we describe the clinical course of a young female patient with NP, who presented with a massive malignant schwannoma in the parapharyngeal space, and review the pertinent literature.
Cochlear interdependence and micromechanics in Man and their relations with the activity of the medial olivocochlear efferent system (MOES)
Authors: Rossi G. , Actis R. , Solero P. , Rolando M. , Pejrone M. D. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFollowing stimulation of one ear with white noise (WN) or 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz tone bursts a statistically valid mean reduction in the amplitude of delayed evoked otoacoustic emissions (DEOE), elicited from the contralateral ear by bursts of the same frequencies, was observed in 10 people (19–23-years-old) with normal hearing. This reduction only appeared in response to a contralateral stimulus delivered 7, 8 and 9 ms earlier than that used to produce the DEOE. This inhibitory effect was just referable to the activity of the medial olivocochlear efferent system (MOES). This research has shown that: (i) the cochlear interdependence is linked to activation of the MOES; (ii) in man the activity of MOES is inhibitory and only appears for a stimulus of the same frequency or (for WN) including that used to elicit DEOE; (iii) the cochlear interdependence is frequency selective and the MOES thus establishes a direct functional interdependence between homologous sectors of the organs of Corti on the two sides; (iv) DEOE would appear to be no more than partly generated by outer hair cells (OHC) of the organ of Corti in relation to the frequency of the stimulus employed, thus substantiating the hypothesis that in their production the effects of an 'active' mechanism, represented by the 'slow' contractile activity of the OHC, is overlain by those of a 'passive' mechanism formed by the oscillations induced by the movements of the stapes in the basilar membrane (BM) or in the set of membranes and liquids of cochlear canal.
An in vitro comparison of the erbium: YAG laser and the carbon dioxide laser in laryngeal surgery
Authors: Herdman Rory C. D. , Charlton Andrew , Hinton Anthony E. , Freemont Anthony J. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study compares the relative thermal damage caused by a surgical CO2 laser and the Erbium: YAG laser when used to incise the human vocal fold in vitro. Results show that charring is completely eliminated when using the Erbium: YAG laser. The depth of coagulative necrosis adjacent to an incision is reduced from 510 ±m(µ 75) using the CO2 laser to 23 ±m(µ 12) using the Ebrium: YAG laser and at the base is reduced from 125 ±m (µ 45) using the CO2 laser to 12 ±m (µ 8 ) using the Erbium: YAG laser. The potential advantages regarding post-operative healing after laryngeal surgery are discussed.
Gastric pull-up by eversion stripping of oesophagus
Authors: Rajan Ranjit , Rajan Rajamma , Rajan N. , Pai U. Santhosh 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGastric pull-up is a reliable method of one-stage reconstruction following total laryngopharyngoesophagectomy (TLPE). However, the technique of blunt finger dissection for extrapleural extraction of the oesophagus is liable to produce chest complications like pneumothorax. We report a series of 45 patients who underwent gastric pull-up using the technique of oesophageal extraction by stripping which produced virtually no thoracic complications. This simple technique has greatly reduced morbidity associated with gastric pull-up.
Vascular malformation of the internal auditory canal
Authors: Saleh Essam , Naguib Maged , Russo Alessandra , Taibah Abdel Kader , Sanna Mario 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA report of a case with a vascular malformation of the internal auditory canal (IAC) is presented. A review of the literature of this rather rare lesion is also made in an attempt to outline its clinical features, radiological diagnosis and management. The differential diagnosis and distinction between vascular malformations and other internal auditory canal tumours are discussed.
Periorbital abscess due to ethmoiditis in a neonate
Authors: Saunders M. W. , Jones N. S. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractOrbital complications of ethmoiditis are not uncommon in children. They are, however, much rarer in the very young. A case is presented in which a neonate of gestational age 39 weeks developed a periorbital abscess. The relevant literature is reviewed with respect to embryology, aetiology and treatment.
Vomiting in pregnancy resulting in oesophageal perforation in a 15-year-old
Authors: Woolford T. J. , Birzgalis A. R. , Lundell C. , Farrington W. T. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSpontaneous perforation of the oesophagus is extremely rare in children, as is perforation due to vomiting in pregnancy. We report the case of a 15-year-old in whom vomiting inearly pregnancy resulted in oesophageal perforation with subcutaneous emphysema causing marked facial swelling in the absence of other signs. The more common clinical presentation of spontaneous oesophageal rupture (Boerhaave's syndrome) is discussed.
Primary synovial sarcoma of the middle ear
Authors: O'keei L. J. , Ramsden R. T. , Birzgalis A. R. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSynovial sarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy which most commonly affects the lower limbs of young adults and rarely occurs in the head and neck region. The term synovial sarcoma may be a misnomer as most of these tumours occur in tissues not known to contain synovial tissue. There has only been one previously reported case affecting the middle ear, which was metastatic, and we report the first case of primary synovial sarcoma of the middle ear.
Benign hamartomatous polyp of the palatine tonsil
Authors: Lupovitch Aaron , Salama Dafir , Batmanghelichit Olivia 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA rare and possibly unique benign polypoid tumour of the palatine tonsil is described. It contained the two basic tissue types of the tonsil–lymphoid and epithelial–in the characteristic close anatomical relationship of tonsillar tissue. The features of this rare lesion lend support to the hypothesis that benign tumours of the tonsil may be hamartomas of tonsil or branchiogenic remnants rather than true neoplasms.
Radical mastoidectomy: its place in otitic intracranial complications
Authors: Singh Bharath , Maharaj Tejprakash Jugpershad 
Published: November 2007

AbstractStandard recommended treatment for patients with intracranial complications from otitis media, has been radical mastoidectomy, whether cholesteatoma is present or not. This was established in the pre-antibiotic era to improve survival. Over a six-year period, from January 1985 to December 1990, 268 patients were admitted with intracranial and extracranial complications of otitis media. The prospective treatment consisted of antibiotics and surgery. Surgery entailed mastoidectomy and drainage of intracranial collections of pus in all patients.However, prospectively in these patients the ear pathology and not the complication dictated the type of mastoidectomy performed. Cortical mastoidectomy was performed in non-cholesteatomatous ears and radical mastoidectomy in cholesteatomatous ears.Recurrence of intracranial complications occurred in only four patients (two per cent), a temporal lobe cerebritis in the non-cholesteatomatous ear group, and, a temporal lobe abscess, posterior fossa abscess and subdural empyema in the cholesteatomatous ear group. The temporal lobe cerebritis settled on intravenous antibiotics whilst the temporal lobe abscess, posterior fossa abscess and subdural empyema required redrainage. In none of these was the ear surgery revised.There were 15 deaths (eight per cent), all occurring in patients with intracranial complications, 12 associated with brain abscess, two with subdural empyema and one with meningitis. Eight were from the non-cholesteatomatous group and seven from the cholesteatomatous group. The mortality was directly related to the patients consciousness level on admission and not to the type of ear pathology.It can therefore be concluded that radical mastoidectomy is unwarranted in the non-cholesteatomatous ear, even with an otogenic intracranial complication.
High-frequency jet ventilation – a review of its role in laryngology
Authors: Evans K. L. , Keene M. H. , Bristow A. S. E. 
Published: November 2007

High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is a safe, effective anaesthetic technique with a low risk of aspiration which has not yet gained wide acceptance in laryngology. Following anaesthesia and muscular relaxation the patient is intubated with a size 7FG infant feeding catheter and ventilation is achieved by delivering small bursts of anaesthetic gas at high frequency. The mechanisms of gas exchange are thought to be little different from those of conventional ventilation. We have found HFJV to be of value in laryngoscopy, laryngo-tracheal reconstruction, tracheoplasty, bronchoscopy and tonsillectomy.The advantages include:(a) ease of intubation, especially in the presence of a supraglottic mass;(b) improved surgical access compared with a conventional endotracheal tube; and(c) protection of the airway by the inherent ‘auto-PEEP’ effect. Care must be taken to ensure that conditions allow adequate exhaust of expired gas. Humidification of inspired gas is essential during prolonged procedures.