bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Legionella pneumophila by Bacillus sp.
Authors: Temmerman R. , Vervaeren H. , Noseda B. , Boon N. , Verstraete W. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis study presents the potential of a biological control of Legionella pneumophila. It was verified to what extent the enrichment of various Bacillus species in water may decrease or prevent L. pneumophila from growing in water. During in vitro tests, B. subtilis BS104 was able to induce an average decrease in L. pneumophila numbers of 1.9 + 0.2 log units after 120 h. Furthermore, the spore and cell free filtrate of B. subtilis BS104 also decreased L. pneumophila by 2.6 + 0.4 log units after 120 h. An addition of Bacillus BS104 to a cooling tower test system with a water volume of 8 m3 resulted in a L. pneumophila level below 1000 CFU/L after 3 weeks, whereas the starting point was 5.3 × 104 CFU/L. Further experiments also indicated that B. subtilis BS104 might inhibit the internal replication of L. pneumophila in Acanthamoeba castellanii. This paper demonstrates that certain strains of Bacillus have the potential of reducing the number of viable L. pneumophila in water, or at least prevent its increase. These results are the first indication that a biological abatement of L. pneumophila could be possible.
Thymol derivatives from essential oil of Doronicum corsicum L.
Authors: Paolini Julien , Muselli Alain , Bernardini Antoine‐François , Bighelli Ange , Casanova Joseph , Costa Jean 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe essential oil of Doronicum corsicum L. (Asteraceae), an endemic species from Corsica, has been studied by GC, GC–MS(EI and CI), 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR; 129 components were identified, representing 80.4% of the total amount. The essential oil was dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.2%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (36.7%). The major components were modhephene (11.6%), (E)‐β‐caryophyllene (9.8%), 10‐isobutyryloxy‐8,9‐epoxythymyl angelate (9.9%) and thymyl angelate (8.7%). The structures of the two thymol derivatives, the 13C‐NMR data of four other thymol derivatives and the chemical composition of the essential oil of D. corsicum were reported for the first time. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two easy photochemical methods for the conversion of commercial ionone alpha into regioisomerically enriched γ‐ionone and γ‐dihydroionone
Authors: Serra Stefano , Fuganti Claudio , Brenna Elisabetta 
Published: October 2007

AbstractCommercial ionone alpha was converted into regioisomerically enriched γ‐ionone and γ‐dihydroionone by mean of two synthetic routes, each involving a photochemical reaction as a key step. Using visible light, oxygen and methylene blue as photosensitizer, ionone alpha was transformed in 4‐hydroxy‐γ‐ionone isomers, which were deoxygenated to afford γ‐ionone by mean of triethylammonium formate in the presence of (Ph3P)2PdCl2 as catalyst. Irradiation of dihydro‐α‐ionol acetate, using high‐pressure mercury lamps and xylene as photosensitizer afforded γ‐dihydroionol acetate, which, after purification by crystallization of the corresponding p‐nitrobenzoyl ester, was converted to pure γ‐dihydroionone. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mississippian Platform and Basin Successions from the Todrha Valley (northeastern Anti‐Atlas), southern Morocco
Authors: Graham John R. , Sevastopulo George D. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractCarboniferous rocks of Mississippian age are exposed in Jebel Asdaf and Jebel Tisdafine, south and north respectively of the fault‐controlled Todrha Valley, between the towns of Tinerhir and Tinejdad in the Anti‐Atlas of southern Morocco. The age, as determined by microfossils, and facies of the dominantly siliciclastic successions of the two areas are different. The Jebel Asdaf Formation (245 m exposed; base and top not seen) is a shallow shelf sequence of late Tournaisian age. The Jebel Tisdafine Formation is a succession of turbidites (at least 1500 m thick), which rests unconformably on Devonian limestones and is of late Viséan age. Limestone beds in each formation have different origins. Skeletal grainstones and packstones in the Jebel Asdaf Formation formed when sand supply to the shelf was episodically reduced. Ooid‐rich skeletal packstones and grainstones in the Jebel Tisdafine Formation, characterized also by the presence of well‐rounded, coarse‐sand grade quartz grains, were derived from a contemporary carbonate platform. Individual beds in the Jebel Tisdafine Formation are essentially tabular and can be followed for long distances. Channelling is very rare. The turbidites, which are quartz‐rich, were transported from west to east across a basin floor with low slopes. Jebel Azguine, northwest of Tinejdad, is separated from Jebel Tisdafine by a major shear zone. It is made up of quartz sandstones that differ from those of both the Jebel Asdaf and Jebel Tisdafine formations in not containing any carbonate or body fossils, in its trace fossil assemblage dominated by vertical burrows, and in the presence of very thick beds. It is tentatively suggested that the Jebel Azguine sandstones are older than Carboniferous, to which they are assigned on some geological maps. The conclusions of this research are markedly different from accounts of the geology of the area published previously. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study on color space selection for detecting cast shadows in video surveillance
Authors: Benedek Csaba , Szirányi Tamás 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this article, the authors address the color modeling problem of cast shadows in video sequences. It is illustrated that the performance of shadow detection can be improved significantly through appropriate color space selection, if for practical purposes, the number of free parameters of the method should be kept low. Hence, the authors compare several well known color spaces with a six‐parameter shadow model embedded into a globally optimal MRF framework. Experimental results are shown regarding the following questions: (1) What is the gain of using color images instead of grayscale ones? (2) What is the gain of using uncorrelated spaces instead of the standard RGB? (3) Chrominance (illumination invariant), luminance, or mixed spaces are more effective? (4) In which scenes are the differences significant? The authors qualified the metrics both in color based clustering of the individual pixels and in the case of Bayesian foreground‐background‐shadow segmentation. Experimental results on real‐life videos show that CIE L*u*v* color space is the most efficient. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 190–201, 2007
Serine racemase suppresses chondrogenic differentiation in cartilage in a Sox9‐dependent manner
Authors: Takarada Takeshi , Hinoi Eiichi , Takahata Yoshifumi , Yoneda Yukio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSerine racemase (SR) is responsible for the biosynthesis of D‐serine (D‐Ser), an endogenous co‐agonist for N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, from L‐serine (L‐Ser) in the central nervous system. In the present study, we investigated the role of SR in the regulation of chondrogenic differentiation in cartilage. On in situ hybridization analysis of tibia from neonatal rats, SR mRNA was ubiquitously expressed in all cell layers of proliferating to hypertrophic chondrocytes. In the pre‐chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells, mRNA expression was seen with SR irrespective of the cellular maturity, with no mRNA expression of the NR1 subunit essential for the heteromeric assembly of functional NMDA receptor channels. In ATDC5 cells stably overexpressing SR, significant inhibition was found with the maturation‐dependent temporal increases in Alcian blue staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA expression of type II and type X collagens. Stable overexpression of SR significantly impaired the sry‐type HMG box 9 (Sox9) transcriptinal activity in ATDC5 cells, while Sox9 transcriptional activity was significantly inhibited in COS7 cells with co‐introduction of SR and Sox9. However, no significant inhibition was seen with Sox9 transcriptional activity in COS7 cells co‐introduced of either SRK56G defective of D‐Ser formation ability or 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase essential for D‐Ser biosynthesis. The co‐introduction of SR with Sox9 significantly decreased the Sox9 protein level with that of Sox9 mRNA being unchanged. These results suggest that SR may negatively regulate cellular differentiation through the inhibition of Sox9 transcriptional activity in chondrocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 320–328, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Equine umbilical cord blood contains a population of stem cells that express Oct4 and differentiate into mesodermal and endodermal cell types
Authors: Reed Sarah A. , Johnson Sally E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer promise as therapeutic aids in the repair of tendon, ligament, and bone damage suffered by sport horses. The objective of the study was to identify and characterize stem‐like cells from newborn foal umbilical cord blood (UCB). UCB was collected and MSC isolated using human reagents. The cells exhibit a fibroblast‐like morphology and express the stem cell markers Oct4, SSEA‐1, Tra1‐60 and Tra1‐81. Culture of the cells in tissue‐specific differentiation media leads to the formation of cell types characteristic of mesodermal and endodermal origins. Chondrogenic differentiation reveals proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis as measured histochemically and Sox9 and collagen 2A1 gene transcription. Osteocytes capable of mineral deposition, osteonectin and Runx2 transcription were evident. Hepatogenic cells formed from UCBs express albumin and cytokeratin 18. Multinucleated myofibers that express desmin were observed indicating partial differentiation into mature muscle cells. Interestingly, conventional human protocols for UCB differentiation into adipocytes were unsuccessful in foal UCB and adult horse adipose‐derived MSC. These results demonstrate that equine UCB can be induced to form multiple cell types that underlie their value for regenerative medicine in injured horses. In addition, this work suggests that subtle differences exist between equine and human UCB stem cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 329–336, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resveratrol and quercetin, two natural polyphenols, reduce apoptotic neuronal cell death induced by neuroinflammation
Authors: Bureau Genevieve , Longpré Fanny , Martinoli M.‐G. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder characterized by a progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Microglia activation and neuroinflammation have been associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Indeed, cytokines have been proposed as candidates that mediate the apoptotic cell death of dopaminergic neurons seen in PD. In this study, we investigated the effect of two natural polyphenols, resveratrol and quercetin, on neuroinflammation. For glial cells, we observed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced mRNA levels of two proinflammatory genes, interleukin 1‐α and tumor necrosis factor‐α, are strongly decreased by treatments with resveratrol or quercetin. We also undertook microglial‐neuronal coculture to examine the influence of resveratrol and quercetin on dopaminergic neuronal cell death evoked by LPS‐activated microglia. Cytotoxicity assays were performed to evaluate the percentage of cell death, with apoptotic cells identified by both the TdT‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling technique and the detection of cleaved caspase‐3. We report that treatment of N9 microglial cells with resveratrol or quercetin successfully reduced the inflammation‐mediated apoptotic death of neuronal cells in our coculture system. Altogether our results demonstrate that resveratrol and quercetin diminished apoptotic neuronal cell death induced by microglial activation and suggest that these two phytoestrogens may be potent antiinflammatory compounds. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Up‐regulated neuronal COX‐2 expression after cortical spreading depression is involved in non‐REM sleep induction in rats
Authors: Cui Yilong , Kataoka Yosky , Inui Takashi , Mochizuki Takatoshi , Onoe Hirotaka , Matsumura Kiyoshi , Urade Yoshihiro , Yamada Hisao , Watanabe Yasuyoshi 
Published: October 2007

AbstractCortical spreading depression is an excitatory wave of depolarization spreading throughout cerebral cortex at a rate of 2–5 mm/min and has been implicated in various neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, migraine aura, and trauma. Although sleepiness or sleep is often induced by these neurological disorders, the cellular and molecular mechanism has remained unclear. To investigate whether and how the sleep‐wake behavior is altered by such aberrant brain activity, we induced cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats, monitoring REM and non‐REM (NREM) sleep and sleep‐associated changes in cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 and prostaglandins (PGs). In such a model for aberrant neuronal excitation in the cerebral cortex, the amount of NREM sleep, but not of REM sleep, increased subsequently for several hours, with an up‐regulated expression of COX‐2 in cortical neurons and considerable production of PGs. A specific inhibitor of COX‐2 completely arrested the increase in NREM sleep. These results indicate that up‐regulated neuronal COX‐2 would be involved in aberrant brain excitation‐induced NREM sleep via production of PGs. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of catechol‐thioether‐induced apoptosis in human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Mosca Luciana , Tempera Italo , Lendaro Eugenio , Di Francesco Laura , d'Erme Maria 
Published: October 2007

AbstractRecent work has highlighted the involvement of a dopamine derivative, 5‐S‐cysteinyl‐dopamine (CysDA), in neurodegeneration and apoptotic cell death. In this paper we study in further detail the apoptotic process activated by this catechol‐thioether derivative of dopamine in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. CysDA activates a cascade of events by an initial perturbation of Calcium homeostasis in the cell. Cell treatment with the catechol‐thioether induces an immediate rise in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, as demonstrated by a shift in the indo‐1 dye emission spectrum, and a sustained high calcium concentration at long times of incubation. Fluorescence microscopy data show that the treatment of cells induces mitochondrial transmembrane potential depolarization, a clear evidence of the onset of apoptotic process. Programmed cell death activation is also demonstrated by cytochrome c release from the mitochondria, by an increased activity of both caspase‐8 and ‐9 and by the poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase (PARP‐1) cleavage, yielding the typical 86 kDa fragment due to caspase‐3 activity. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that CysDA may induce apoptotic death in neuronal cells, via an initial perturbation of calcium homeostasis in the cytosol. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relative populations and toxin production by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in artificially inoculated corn at various stages of development under field conditions
Authors: Zorzete Patricia , Castro Rosimar S , Pozzi Claudia R , Israel Ana Lia M , Fonseca Homero , Yanaguibashi Gianni , Corrêa Benedito 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe presence, development and production of mycotoxins by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides were studied in corn ears under field conditions after artificial contamination of corn silks. The planted area was divided into five treatments: T1, inoculated with A. flavus solution containing 1 × 108 spores, ears covered; T2, inoculated with F. verticillioides solution containing 1 × 108 spores, ears covered; T3, inoculated with F. verticillioides plus A. flavus solution containing 1 × 108 spores of each, ears covered; T4, sprayed with sterile phosphate‐buffered saline, ears covered; T5, non‐sprayed silks, uncovered ears. Soil and air samples were also collected and analysed for the occurrence of fungi. Water activity, relative air humidity, rainfall and temperature were determined to assess the correlation between abiotic factors and the presence of fungi in the samples. Contamination with the inoculated fungus predominated in T1 and T2. In the other treatments, F. verticillioides was the most frequently isolated contaminant irrespective of treatment. Considering the production of mycotoxins, a positive relation between the production of fumonisins B1 and B2 and the frequency of F. verticillioides was statistically verified in all treatments. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
The fate of Cry1Ac Bt toxin during oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation on transgenic Bt cottonseed hulls
Authors: Jiang Linjian , Tian Xiaoli , Duan Liusheng , Li Zhaohu 
Published: October 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: In China, mushrooms are often cultivated on cottonseed hulls, and spent substrates from their cultivation are used as cattle feed. As the area planted to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton in China increases, hulls from transgenic Bt cottonseed are being increasingly used as a substrate for edible mushroom cultivation. The objective of this research was to determine whether Bt toxin was transmitted to mushrooms cultivated on transgenic Bt cottonseed hulls or retained in the spent substrate.RESULTS: Bt toxin was still present in transgenic Bt cottonseed hulls after chemical (carbendazol) treatment but not after heat (100 °C) treatment before mushroom fungus inoculation. When mushroom was cultivated on carbendazol‐treated substrates, Bt toxin level in the substrates fell below the detection limit (1.5 ng Cry1Ac per g fresh weight) in 15 days.CONCLUSION: Bt toxin was not transmitted to mushrooms during cultivation on transgenic Bt cottonseed hulls. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
A Prospective longitudinal evaluation of quality of life after abdominoperineal resection
Authors: Gervaz Pascal , Bucher Pascal , Konrad Béatrice , Morel Philippe , Beyeler Sonia , Lataillade Laurence , Allal Abdelkarim 
Published: October 2007

AbstractObjectiveAbdominoperineal resection (APR) is a disfiguring procedure, frequently associated with significant urogenital dysfunction. The aim of this prospective study was to repeatedly assess quality of life (QoL) 1, 6, and 12 months after APR.MethodsTwenty patients who underwent APR between June 2002 and September 2005 were considered for analysis. QoL was assessed using two self‐rating validated questionnaires developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC).ResultsAll patients were free of recurrence at time of last interview. At 1‐year follow‐up patients reported significant improvement in global QoL [scores: 53 ± 23 (1 month) vs. 70 ± 15 (1 year), P = 0.01], and physical function (74 ± 16 vs. 91 ± 12, P = 0.001). Patients also reported significant improvement in symptoms such as fatigue (39 ± 30 vs. 15 ± 19, P = 0.01); and pain (33 ± 31 vs. 10 ± 14, P = 0.01). By contrast, there was no improvement at 1 year for the following items: body image (75 ± 33 vs. 75 ± 30, P = 0.99), sexual dysfunction (10 ± 21 vs. 21 ± 27, P = 0.40); and stoma‐related problems (19 ± 14 vs. 11 ± 28, P = 0.34).ConclusionOne year after APR, patients demonstrated significant improvement in global QoL and tumor‐related symptoms, while body image remained significantly altered. Similarly, treatment‐related side effects did not improve over the time period considered. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:14–19. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analytical strategies to determine antibiotic residues in fish
Authors: Samanidou Victoria F. , Evaggelopoulou Evaggelia N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe accelerated growth of aquaculture has resulted in a series of harmful effects to human health. The widespread and unrestricted use of antibiotics in this industry, to prevent bacterial infections, leads to remaining amounts in the aquatic environment. This has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria in aquaculture environments, in the increase in antibiotic resistance in fish pathogens as well as in the transfer of these resistance determinants to human pathogens. Moreover, the use of large amounts of antibiotics may lead to the presence of residual antibiotics in fish tissue and fish products. Fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins, sulphonamides and other antibiotics, exhibiting activity against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, are widely used for the treatment and prevention of diseases in fish. An extended and comprehensive review on the recent analytical methodologies concerning antibiotic residues in fish reported in the literature is provided in the present article. Emphasis is given on sample preparation regarding isolation and purification, chromatographic conditions and method validation according to legislation. Results of published assays are comparatively presented and criticised.
Simultaneous LC‐MS/MS quantitation of a highly hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound and its metabolite in urine using online monolithic phase‐based extraction
Authors: Xu Raymond Naxing , Boyd Brian , Rieser Matthew J. , El‐Shourbagy Tawakol A. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThis article describes the use of monolithic material as extraction support in simultaneous LC‐MS/MS quantitation of a highly hydrophobic pharmaceutical compound and its hydroxylated metabolite in urinary matrix. DMSO was added to urine samples to aid the solubilization of analytes during storage and transfer. Samples were then diluted and injected onto an online extraction system for high‐throughput analysis in an automated fashion. A linear range of 1.03–103 ng/mL was validated for the parent compound and 7.02–1400 ng/mL for the metabolite. The accuracy (%bias) at the lower LOQ (LLOQ) for the parent compound was –2.9% and the precision (%CV) at the LLOQ was 5.4%, while the accuracy at LLOQ for the metabolite was 6.3% and the precision at LLOQ was 5.5%. The results show that quantitative LC‐MS/MS analysis by online extraction using the monolithic support is reproducible, sensitive, and accurate enough to satisfy bioanalytical testing requirements in a good laboratory practice (GLP) regulated environment. Monolithic phase based online extraction provided efficient sample cleanup, which was evidenced in matrix effect testing against multiple lots of urinary matrix. The method described within can be a generic approach for quantitative analysis of analytes with poor solubility in aqueous matrix.
Evaporation Structures of Solvent Drops Evaporating from Polymer Surfaces: Influence of Molar Mass
Authors: Li Guangfen , Graf Karlheinz , Bonaccurso Elmar , Golovko Dmytro S. , Best Andreas , Butt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: October 2007

AbstractWhen a solvent drop evaporates from a polymer surface, a characteristic structure remains. To analyze the structure formation during evaporation we deposited microdrops of ethyl acetate on planar PEMA and toluene on PS. The shape of the evaporation structures depends on the molar mass of the polymer, the number of droplets deposited, and the specific polymer/solvent combination. Crater‐like structures with a flat bottom were observed for PEMA. With PS, dot‐like protrusions were observed for low and intermediate molar masses; for $\overline M _{\rm w}z$ ≥ 210 kDa, crater‐like rims with a depression in the center were formed. These structures are interpreted based on four different processes occurring during evaporation.magnified image