bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting discussions about cultural competence in an undergraduate health course
Authors: Brouse Corey H. 
Published: May 2007

Objective The objective of this study was to determine how themes expressed in The Spirit Catches You and Then You Fall, influenced Health Promotion and Wellness students in terms of cultural competence in future practice. Design This was a cross sectional, qualitative study. Setting The setting for this study was Oswego, New York in the United States. Method This study used qualitative methods to describe the ideas of 18 undergraduate students enrolled in Health Promotion Planning, a required class for health promotion majors. This report is based on their final reflection in which they were asked to write about the bearing this book will have on their future careers in health promotion. The results were determined using an inductive coding approach characteristic of Grounded Theory. The responses were read several times and main themes were extracted. They were then grouped according to themes and read again. At this point, specific quotations which illustrated each theme were extracted and recorded. Results The four main themes identified were: (1) importance of knowing your audience, (2) accepting differences, (3) importance of communication in education, and (4) value of learning together. Each of these themes is discussed and direct quotations from the students are used to illustrate different points. Conclusion Providing students with concrete examples of the importance of being culturally sensitive may assist them in reflecting on and appreciating different aspects of working with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. The Spirit Catches You and Then You Fall, by Anne Fadiman, is an example of why health educators need to put cultural sensitivity into practice. Discussing this book with a group of undergraduate health promotion majors led the students to several insights concerning cultural sensitivity. This book may be a useful tool for introducing the concept of cultural competence to undergraduate students enrolled in a health promotion course.
BioPP: a tool for web-publication of biological networks
Authors: Viswanathan Ganesh A , Nudelman German , Patil Sonali , Sealfon Stuart C 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBackgroundCellular processes depend on the function of intracellular molecular networks. The curation of the literature relevant to specific biological pathways is important for many theoretical and experimental research teams and communities. No current tool supports web publication or hosting of user-developed large scale annotated pathway diagrams. Sharing via web publication is needed to allow real-time access to the current literature pathway knowledgebase, both privately within a research team or publicly among the outside research community. Web publication also facilitates team and/or community input into the curation process while allowing centralized control of the curation and validation process. We have developed new tool to address these needs. Biological Pathway Publisher (BioPP) is a software suite for converting CellDesigner Systems Biology Markup Language (CD-SBML) formatted pathways into a web viewable format. The BioPP suite is available for private use and for depositing knowledgebases into a newly created public repository.ResultsBioPP suite is a web-based application that allows pathway knowledgebases stored in CD-SBML to be web published with an easily navigated user interface. The BioPP suite consists of four interrelated elements: a pathway publisher, an upload web-interface, a pathway repository for user-deposited knowledgebases and a pathway navigator. Users have the option to convert their CD-SBML files to HTML for restricted use or to allow their knowledgebase to be web-accessible to the scientific community. All entities in all knowledgebases in the repository are linked to public database entries as well as to a newly created public wiki which provides a discussion forum.ConclusionBioPP tools and the public repository facilitate sharing of pathway knowledgebases and interactive curation for research teams and scientific communities. BioPP suite is accessible athttp://tsb.mssm.edu/pathwayPublisher/broadcast/
Cdkn1c (p57
Kip2
) is the major regulator of embryonic growth within its imprinted domain on mouse distal chromosome 7
Authors: Andrews Stuart C , Wood Michelle D , Tunster Simon J , Barton Sheila C , Surani M Azim , John Rosalind M 
Published: May 2007

Abstract

Background

Cdkn1c encodes an embryonic cyclin-dependant kinase inhibitor that acts to negatively regulate cell proliferation and, in some tissues, to actively direct differentiation. This gene, which is an imprinted gene expressed only from the maternal allele, lies within a complex region on mouse distal chromosome 7, called the IC2 domain, which contains several other imprinted genes. Studies on mouse embryos suggest a key role for genomic imprinting in regulating embryonic growth and this has led to the proposal that imprinting evolved as a consequence of the mismatched contribution of parental resources in mammals.

Results
In this study, we characterised the phenotype of mice carrying different copy number integrations of a bacterial artificial chromosome spanning Cdkn1c. Excess Cdkn1c resulted in embryonic growth retardation that was dosage-dependent and also responsive to the genetic background. Two-fold expression of Cdkn1c in a subset of tissues caused a 10–30% reduction in embryonic weight, embryonic lethality and was associated with a reduction in the expression of the potent, non-imprinted embryonic growth factor, Igf1. Conversely, loss of expression of Cdkn1c resulted in embryos that were 11% heavier with a two-fold increase in Igf1.

Conclusion
We have shown that embryonic growth in mice is exquisitely sensitive to the precise dosage of Cdkn1c. Cdkn1c is a maternally expressed gene and our findings support the prediction of the parental conflict hypothesis that that the paternal genome silences genes that have an inhibitory role in embryonic growth. Within the IC2 imprinted domain, Cdkn1c encodes the major regulator of embryonic growth and we propose that Cdkn1c was the focal point of the selective pressure for imprinting of this domain.
The possible role of cell cycle regulators in multistep process of HPV-associated cervical carcinoma
Authors: Bahnassy Abeer A , Zekri Abdel Rahman N , Saleh Maha , Lotayef Mohammad , Moneir Manar , Shawki Osama 
Published: May 2007

Abstract

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 are associated with cervical carcinogenesis through an interaction between HPV oncogenic proteins and cell cycle regulatory genes. However, the exact pathogenetic mechanisms are not determined yet.

Methods
We investigated 43 invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC), 38 CIN III, 11 CINII and 18 CINI for cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, p53, mdm-2, p21

waf

, p27, p16

INK 4A
, Rb and Ki-67 aberrations using immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques. Twenty samples of normal cervical tissues (NCT) were taken as a control.

Results
There was a significant increase in the expression of Ki-67, cyclin E, CDK4, p16

INK 4A

, Rb (p= 0.003, 0.001, 0.001, 0.01) and a significant decrease in p27

KIP 1from NCT to ISCC (p = 0.003). Increased cyclin D1, p21

waf

, p53, mdm-2 expression, homozygous deletion (HZD) and promoter methylation (PM) of the Rb were detected in CINIII and ISCC only. On univariate analysis; tumor size, differentiation, lymph node status, FIGO stage, Ki- 67, cyclin D1, p53 and p27

KIP 1are significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) while on multivariate analysis; only FIGO stage, Ki-67, cyclin D1, p53 and p27

KIP 1were significant.

Conclusion
1) Aberrations involving p27

KIP 1, cyclin E, CDK4, p16

INK 4A
are considered early events in HPV 16 and 18-associated cervical carcinoma, whereas cyclin D1 and p53 pathway abnormalities are considered late events. 2) Immunohistochemical tests for p16

INK 4A

and cyclin E, could help in early diagnosis of cervical carcinoma. 3) Only FIGO stage p53, cyclin D1, p27

KIP 1and Ki-67 are independent prognostic factors that might help in predicting outcome of cervical cancer patients.
Adverse events among high-risk participants in a home-based walking study: a descriptive study
Authors: Goodrich David E , Larkin Angela R , Lowery Julie C , Holleman Robert G , Richardson Caroline R 
Published: May 2007

Abstract

Background
For high-risk individuals and their healthcare providers, finding the right balance between promoting physical activity and minimizing the risk of adverse events can be difficult. More information on the prevalence and influence of adverse events is needed to improve providers' ability to prescribe effective and safe exercise programs for their patients.

Methods
This study describes the type and severity of adverse events reported by participants with cardiovascular disease or at-risk for cardiovascular disease that occurred during an unsupervised, home-based walking study. This multi-site, randomized controlled trial tested the feasibility of a diet and lifestyle activity intervention over 1.5 years. At month 13, 274 eligible participants (male veterans) were recruited who were ambulatory, BMI > 28, and reporting one or more cardiovascular disease risk factors. All participants attended five, face-to-face dietitian-delivered counseling sessions during the six-month intervention. Participants were randomized to three study arms: 1) time-based walking goals, 2) simple pedometer-based walking goals, and 3) enhanced pedometer-based walking goals with Internet-mediated feedback. Two physicians verified adverse event symptom coding.

Results
Enrolled participants had an average of five medical comorbidities. During 1110 person months of observation, 87 of 274 participants reported 121 adverse events. One serious study-related adverse event (atrial fibrillation) was reported; the individual resumed study participation within three days. Non-serious, study related adverse events made up 12% of all symptoms – predominantly minor musculoskeletal events. Serious, non-study related adverse events represented 32% of all symptoms while non-serious, non-study related adverse events made up 56% of symptoms. Cardiovascular disease events represented over half of the non-study related adverse event symptoms followed by musculoskeletal complaints. Adverse events caused 50 temporary suspensions averaging 26 days in duration before physician medical clearance was obtained to resume walking.

Conclusion
Men at high risk for adverse cardiovascular events can safely be advised to start a progressive walking program. Results suggest that minor to serious medical problems unrelated to exercise are a major barrier to walking adherence. Helping individuals with chronic illness return to physical activity quickly but safely after an adverse event is an important component of any physical activity intervention targeting this population.
Impact of long-term treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin in Ecuador: potential for elimination of infection
Authors: Vieira Juan Carlos , Cooper Philip J , Lovato Raquel , Mancero Tamara , Rivera Jorge , Proaño Roberto , López Andrea A , Guderian Ronald H , Guzmán José Rumbea 
Published: May 2007

Abstract

Background
Onchocerciasis is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, hence elimination of the infection is an important health priority. Community-based treatment programs with ivermectin form the basis of control programs for the disease in Latin America. The long-term administration of ivermectin could eliminate Onchocerca volvulus infection from endemic areas in Latin America.

Methods
A strategy of annual to twice-annual treatments with ivermectin has been used for onchocerciasis in endemic communities in Ecuador for up to 14 years. The impact of ivermectin treatment on ocular morbidity, and O. volvulus infection and transmission was monitored in seven sentinel communities.

Results
Over the period 1990–2003, high rates of treatment coverage of the eligible population were maintained in endemic communities (mean 85.2% per treatment round). Ivermectin reduced the prevalence of anterior segment disease of the eye to 0% in sentinel communities and had a major impact on the prevalence and transmission of infection, with possible elimination of infection in some foci.

Conclusion
The distribution of ivermectin in endemic communities in Ecuador might have eliminated ocular morbidity and significant progress has been made towards elimination of the infection. A strategy of more frequent treatments with ivermectin may be required in communities where the infection persists to achieve the objective of elimination of the infection from Ecuador. The elimination of the infection from an endemic country in Latin America would be a major public health achievement and could stimulate the implementation of elimination strategies in other endemic countries.
Induction of serum IL-18 withPropionibacterium acnesand lipopolysaccharide in phagocytic macrophage-inactivated mice
Authors: Nishioka Takashi , Kuroishi Toshinobu , Sugawara Yumiko , Yu Zhiqian , Sasano Takashi , Endo Yasuo , Sugawara Shunji 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIL-18, an important regulator of immune responses, is expressed in activated macrophages and also in nonimmune cells, such as keratinocytes and epithelial cells. Increased levels of serum IL-18 are reported in patients with a wide variety of diseases, but it is unclear which type of cell is the major source of serum IL-18. Here, we showed that the administration of liposomes encapsulating clodronate (Clo-lip) in mice selectively depleted F4/80+ phagocytic macrophages in the liver and spleen. Serum levels of mature IL-18 with 18 kDa were increased markedly in mice treated with Propionibacterium acnes and LPS, whereas administration of Clo-lip and gadolinium chloride, another widely used macrophage inactivator, showed no obvious effect on serum IL-18 levels, which were marginal in the liver, lung, and spleen and more pronounced in the intestines, especially in the duodenum. Treatment with P. acnes alone induced IL-18 more than twofold in each organ, and P. acnes and LPS induced a marked increase in IL-18 levels in the liver and spleen but decreased in the intestines. The administration of Clo-lip showed only a marginal effect on the IL-18 levels in these organs. Furthermore, serum levels of liver enzymes and TNF-α and liver injury (necrotic change and granuloma formation) induced by P. acnes and LPS were reduced moderately by Clo-lip. These results suggest that phagocytic macrophages do not actively contribute to the induction of serum IL-18 and liver injury in mice treated with P. acnes and LPS.
Identifying Common Genetic Variants by High-Resolution Melting
Authors: Vandersteen Joshua G , Bayrak-Toydemir Pinar , Palais Robert A , Wittwer Carl T 
Published: May 2007

Abstract
Background: Heteroduplex scanning techniques usually detect all heterozygotes, including common variants not of clinical interest.
Methods: We conducted high-resolution melting analysis on the 24 exons of the ACVRL1 and ENG genes implicated in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). DNA in samples from 13 controls and 19 patients was PCR amplified in the presence of LCGreen® I, and all 768 exons melted in an HR-1® instrument. We used 10 wild-type controls to identify common variants, and the remaining samples were blinded, amplified, and analyzed by melting curve normalization and overlay. Unlabeled probes characterized the sequence of common variants.
Results: Eleven common variants were associated with 8 of the 24 HHT exons, and 96% of normal samples contained at least 1 variant. As a result, the positive predictive value (PPV) of a heterozygous exon was low (31%), even in a population of predominantly HHT patients. However, all common variants produced unique amplicon melting curves that, when considered and eliminated, resulted in a PPV of 100%. In our blinded study, 3 of 19 heterozygous disease-causing variants were missed; however, 2 were clerical errors, and the remaining false negative would have been identified by difference analysis.
Conclusions: High-resolution melting analysis is a highly accurate heteroduplex scanning technique. With many exons, however, use of single-sample instruments may lead to clerical errors, and routine use of difference analysis is recommended. Common variants can be identified by their melting curve profiles and genotyped with unlabeled probes, greatly reducing the false-positive results common with scanning techniques.
A Systematic Review of Early Prognostic Factors for Return to Work After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Nightingale Elizabeth J. , Soo Cheryl A. , Tate Robyn L. 
Published: May 2007

AbstractThis article presents a systematic review identifying variables and their prognostic value for return to work (RTW) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). RTW has been identified as being a key goal following TBI, with estimates ranging from 10% to 70%. Prediction of postinjury employment is important for planning rehabilitation and structuring individualised vocational services. Studies examining prognostic factors were identified by searching four electronic databases, until June 2006. Searches yielded 1948 studies of which 55 met inclusion criteria and were subsequently rated for methodological quality. Mean methodological score for included studies was 3.9/6 (SD0.9, range 1–6). Analysis focused on a subset of 27 studies which provided sampling from all three domains of preinjury, injury and early postinjury variables. Few studies considered preinjury variables, apart from simple demographics. Only five studies considered preinjury employment, which was a significant predictor in each case. Severity of injury variables were invariably examined, but were significant predictors in only 8/27 studies (30%). For early postinjury variables, 14/27 studies entered cognitive variables with 12/14 (86%) identifying them as significant predictors; 3/27 studies examined neurophysical variables, with 2/3 (67%) studies finding them significant; and 12/27 studies examined multidimensional/participation variables which were statistically significant individual predictors in 8/12 (67%) cases. The results are discussed in the context of methodological issues encountered during the course of the review that require addressing in future studies.
The Neurological Bases of Emotional Dys-Regulation Arising From Brain Injury in Childhood: A ‘When and Where’ Heuristic
Authors: Tonks James , Williams W. Huw , Frampton Ian , Yates Philip , Slater Alan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractLasting emotional and social communication deficits are common among children who have suffered brain injury. Concerns have been raised that current assessment and treatment methods are inadequate in addressing the needs of such children in rehabilitation. We advocate that a proportion of reported deficits occur as a result of compromise to emotion processing systems in the brain. In this article we review adult brain injury research, which indicates that dissociable subsystems are involved in distinguishing the nuances of emotional expression. Findings previously reported in the literature have been integrated into a dissociable heuristic framework, which offers a novel representation of subcomponents of the emotion processing system. In considering the development of the subcomponents of emotion processing, evidence indicates that intrinsic arousal systems are operational from birth, systems associated with sensory/spatial skills that are essential in reading emotional expression develop rapidly from birth, and systems utilised in executive system synthesis become increasingly sophisticated with development, stemming across childhood and into adulthood. In conclusion, it is proposed that the heuristic is a useful tool on which assessment measures may be based when considering the primary effects of brain injury in children.
Multiple Sclerosis-Related Dementia: Relatively Rare and Often Misunderstood
Authors: Longley Wendy Ann 
Published: May 2007

AbstractMS-related dementia is an under-recognised and misunderstood aspect of MS. It is relatively rare, occurring in approximately 10% of people with MS, while cognitive impairment in general occurs in 43% or more of people with MS. MS-related dementia is hard to detect on the basis of short social interactions or clinical interviews alone. There are very few clinically relevant scientific articles on this topic to help guide the management and support of people with MS-related dementia. This article was written in a preliminary attempt to address this problem: to describe the clinical presentation and characteristics of MS-related dementia, to alert health professionals to the sensitivities surrounding the use of dementia terminology within the MS community, and to outline the limited nature of the information, advice and support resources currently available in Australia for these middle-aged people with dementia.
Houston Stewart Chamberlain und Leo Spitzer – ein Linguist wehrt sich / Houston Stewart Chamberlain and Leo Spitzer – a linguist defends himself
Authors: Lobenstein-Reichmann Anja 
Published: May 2007

AbstractIn the year 1918, Leo Spitzer presented a lecture in the Viennese Urania, a lecture he also published during that same year, entitled: “Anti-Chamberlain”, or, more precisely: “Anti-Chamberlain: Reflections by a linguist on Houston Stewart Chamberlain's ‘War Essays’ and a general linguistic assessment by Dr. Leo Spitzer”. It is well know that Chamberlain was the prophet of racial anti-Semitism during the waning years of the 19
„Diskurslinguistik“ – Anmaßung oder disziplinäre Bündelung? Tagungsbericht: Symposion „Diskurslinguistik. Methoden – Gegenstände – Grenzen“ (1.–3. September 2004, Kassel) / Discourse Linguistics – Hubris or grouping neighboring disciplines?
Authors: Busch Albert 
Published: May 2007

AbstractBrauchen wir oder haben wir sogar bereits eine Diskurslinguistik? Dieser Frage ging das Symposion „Diskurslinguistik. Methoden – Gegenstände – Grenzen“ nach, zu dem sich vom 1.–3. September etwa 45 Vertreterinnen und Vertreter verschiedener Fächer (hauptsächlich aber Germanisten) zusammengefunden haben. Initiiert und organisiert worden ist es von
www-Ressourcen zum Bereich Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache / www-Resources in German as a Foreign / Second Language
Authors: Özdil Erkan 
Published: May 2007

AbstractDer vorliegende Artikel soll eine Orientierungshilfe geben, einen Überblick über einschlägige Eingangsportale verschaffen sowie eine Auswahl besonders nützlicher Einzelangebote vorstellen. Dabei können lediglich diejenigen Webangebote berücksichtigt werden, die sich insgesamt thematisch auf Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF) und Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ) spezialisieren; solitäre Inhalte wie vereinzelte Publikationen, die in einem thematisch anders angesiedelten Rahmen zur Verfügung gestellt werden, mussten aus Platzgründen unberücksichtigt bleiben.