bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Aortic Wall Parameters on Multidetector Computed Tomography and Ruptured Plaques By Nonobstructive General Angioscopy
Authors: Miyagawa Masatsugu , Kojima Keisuke , Takahashi Kurara , Nakajima Yuki , Migita Shohei , Mizobuchi Saki , Tanaka Yudai , Fukumoto Katsunori , Arai Riku , Morikawa Tomoyuki , Mineki Takashi , Murata Nobuhiro , Sudo Mitsumasa , Fukamachi Daisuke , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: March 2024

Background
Nonobstructive general angioscopy (NOGA) can identify vulnerable plaques in the aortic lumen that serve as potential risk factors for cardiovascular events such as embolism. However, the association between computed tomography (CT) images and vulnerable plaques detected on NOGA remains unknown.

Methods and Results

We investigated 101 patients (67±11 years; women, 13.8%) who underwent NOGA and contrast‐enhanced CT before or after 90 days in our hospital. On CT images, the aortic wall thickness, aortic wall area (AWA), and AWA in the vascular area were measured at the thickest point from the 6th to the 12th thoracic vertebral levels. Furthermore, the association between these measurements and the presence or absence of NOGA‐derived aortic plaque ruptures (PRs) at the same vertebral level was assessed. NOGA detected aortic PRs in the aortic lumens at 145 (22.1%) of the 656 vertebral levels. The presence of PRs was significantly associated with greater aortic wall thickness (3.3±1.7 mm versus 2.1±1.2 mm), AWA (1.33±0.68 cm
2
versus 0.89±0.49 cm
2
), and AWA in the vascular area (23.2%±9.3% versus 17.2%±7.6%) (
P
<0.001 for all) on the CT scans compared with the absence of PRs. The frequency of PRs significantly increased as the aortic wall thickness increased. Notably, a few NOGA‐derived PRs were detected on CT in near‐normal intima.

Conclusions
The presence of NOGA‐derived PRs was strongly associated with increased aortic wall thickness, AWA, and AWA in the vascular area, measured using CT. NOGA can detect PRs in the intima that appear almost normal on CT scans.
Human Capital and Climate Change
Authors: Angrist Noam , Winseck Kevin , Patrinos Harry Anthony , Zivin Joshua Graff 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Addressing climate change requires individual behavior change and voter support for proclimate policies, yet surprisingly little is known about how to achieve these outcomes. In this paper, we estimate causal effects of additional education on pro-climate outcomes using new compulsory schooling law data across 20 European countries. We analyze effects on proclimate beliefs and behaviors, as well as novel data on policy preferences and voting for green parties. Results show that a year of education substantially increases pro-climate beliefs, behaviors, and policy preferences.
Rediscovery and redescription of Hybocodon chilensis Hartlaub, 1905 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Comau Fiord, southern Chile
Authors: GALEA HORIA R. 
Published: March 2024

Hybocodon chilensis Hartlaub, 1905, a poorly known species considered as of doubtful validity, is redescribed. Material examined was collected in Comau Fiord (Chile), situated a short distance from Calbuco, the original site where the type material was collected. Morphological features of living specimens of H. chilensis are fully described and illustrated, and data are provided on the cnidome. A table that compares polyp and medusa stages of species assigned to the genus Hybocodon L. Agassiz, 1862 is presented. The systematic position of H. chilensis amongst the other members is discussed, and an identification key for the medusae is given.
African Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Atyidae): redescriptions of C. africana Kingsley, 1882, C. togoensisHilgendorf, 1893, C. natalensis Bouvier, 1925 and C. roubaudiBouvier, 1925 with descriptions of 14 new species
Authors: RICHARD JASMINE , CLARK PAUL F. 
Published: March 2024

Caridina africana Kingsley, 1882 and C. togoensis Hilgendorf, 1893 are redescribed. The distribution of C. africana is restricted to Zululand, its type locality and the adjacent area, while the distribution of C. togoensis is extended to new localities on the African continent. The subspecies, C. africana natalensis Bouvier, 1925 and C. africana var. roubaudi Bouvier, 1925, are redescribed and given species status. Fourteen new African species are described from specimens previously identified as C. africana, C. nilotica, C. near nilotica and Caridina sp. in various museum collections. These new species are described, illustrated and a key is provided to facilitate identification.
On the Local Available Potential Energy Perspective of Baroclinic Wave Development
Authors: Federer Marc , Papritz Lukas , Sprenger Michael , Grams Christian M. , Wenta Marta 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Extratropical cyclones convert available potential energy (APE) to kinetic energy. However, our current understanding of APE conversion on synoptic scales is limited, as the well-established Lorenz APE framework is only applicable in a global, volume-integrated sense. Here, we employ a recently developed local APE framework to investigate APE and its tendencies in a highly idealized, dispersive baroclinic wave, which leads to the formation of a primary and a downstream cyclone. By utilizing a Lagrangian approach, we demonstrate that locally the downstream cyclone not only consumes APE but also generates it. Initially, APE is transported from both poleward and equatorward reservoirs into the baroclinic zone, where it is then consumed by the vertical displacement of air parcels associated with the developing cyclone. To a lesser extent, APE is also created within the cyclone when air parcels overshoot their reference state; i.e., air colder than its reference state is lifted and air warmer than its reference state is lowered. The volume integral of the APE tendency is dominated by slow vertical displacements of large air masses, whereas the dry intrusion (DI) and warm conveyor belt (WCB) of the cyclone are responsible for the largest local APE tendencies. Diabatic effects within the DI and WCB contribute to the generation of APE in regions where it is consumed adiabatically, thereby enhancing baroclinic conversion in situ. Our findings provide a comprehensive and mechanistic understanding of the local APE tendency on synoptic scales within an idealized setting and complement existing frameworks explaining the energetics of cyclone intensification.
Evaluating Critical Thinking Disposition, Emotional Intelligence, and Learning Environment of Nursing Students: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Christodoulakis Antonios , Kritsotakis George , Linardakis Manolis , Sourtzi Panayota , Tsiligianni Ioanna 
Published: March 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic may have inhibited the development of critical thinking and emotional intelligence of nursing students due to the transition from traditional to online learning environments. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the development of critical thinking, emotional intelligence, and the perceived learning environment of nursing students during the pandemic from their first to second year. Methods: This was a longitudinal study of 82 nursing students from 2 universities in Greece. We measured critical thinking disposition, emotional intelligence, and the students’ perceptions of the learning environment in 2 phases, separated by a 10 month interval, before and during the pandemic. Results: Students had moderate-to-high critical thinking and emotional intelligence and perceived the learning environment as more positive than negative in both phases. However, there were no statistically significant changes between phases in critical thinking disposition (mean score 44.3 vs 45.1, p = .224) and emotional intelligence (mean score 5.05 vs 5.06, p = .950) between the 2 phases. Nevertheless, students rated the online learning environment (phase 2) higher than the traditional (mean score 137.8 vs 132.2, p = .005). Conclusions: Critical thinking and emotional intelligence did not change, but students favored the online learning environment over the traditional. These findings suggest that nurse educators persevered, adapted, and maintained the quality of the learning environment despite the pandemic. Moreover, the utilization of an online learning environment may have led to enhanced enjoyment and engagement for students, which could potentially result in improved learning outcomes.
A Single Institution 19 Year Comparison of Furlow and Straight Line Palatoplasty Techniques in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Trotter Collean , Choi Dylan G. , Roohani Idean , Alfeerawi Sarah , Naidu Priyanka , Shakoori Pasha , Fahradyan Artur , Lee Jessica A. , Magee William P. , Urata Mark M. , Hammoudeh Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare patients’ speech correcting surgery and fistula rates between the Furlow and Straight Line (SLR) palatoplasty techniques when combined with greater palatine flaps for complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) repair.DesignThis was a single-center IRB approved retrospective cohort study.SettingThis study took place at an urban tertiary academic center.Patients, ParticipantsAll patients with BCLP anomalies that underwent repair between January 2003 and August 2022 were included. Patients with index operations at an outside institution or incomplete medical charting were excluded.InterventionsA total of 1552 patients underwent palatoplasty during the study period. Of these, 192 (12.4%) met inclusion criteria with a diagnosis of BCLP.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcomes of this study included rate of fistula and incidence of speech correcting surgery. Secondary outcomes included rate of surgical fistula repair.ResultsOne hundred patients underwent SLR (52.1%) and 92 Furlow repair (47.9%). There was no significant difference in fistula rates between the SLR and Furlow repair cohorts (20.7% vs. 15.0%; p = 0.403). However, SLR was associated with lower rates of speech correcting surgery when compared to the Furlow repair (12.5% vs. 29.6%; p = 0.011).ConclusionsThis study compares the effect of Furlow and SLR on speech outcomes and fistula rates in patients with BCLP. Our findings suggest that SLR resulted in an almost three times lower rate of velopharyngeal dysfunction requiring surgical intervention in patients with BCLP, while fistula rates remained similar.
An Achilles Tendinopathy Educational Intervention for Generalist Physicians Raises Awareness and Improves Knowledge for Treating Ballet Dancers
Authors: Coates Wendy C. , Sims Leroy 
Published: March 2024

Background: Achilles tendinopathy can be a devastating condition in ballet dancers. Initial medical evaluation is frequently conducted by generalist physicians, who may lack the perspective of dance and sports medicine focused training and often prescribe complete rest for chronic overuse injuries. In order to provide targeted information about Achilles tendinopathy and the unique needs of elite athletes, such as ballet dancers, we designed an educational intervention that covers relevant anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, clinical presentation and evaluation, and recommendations for initial treatment and sub-specialty referral. The objectives of this study were to determine baseline understanding of Achilles tendinopathy by generalist physicians and to evaluate the efficacy of an educational intervention on their knowledge. Methods: This was a prospective pre- post-test study, to measure improvement in knowledge about Achilles tendinopathy. Emergency Medicine and Primary Care physicians participated in an educational intervention with didactic and hands-on components. Data were analyzed using a two-tailed t-test. Results: Twenty generalist physicians participated. There was significant improvement in their knowledge of Achilles tendinopathy for all our educational objectives (Pre-test: 59% correct answers; post-test: 79% correct answers; P < .0001; 95% CI: 6.32-10.78.). Conclusions: A brief educational intervention leads to increased knowledge of Achilles tendinopathy in generalist physicians. By increasing awareness of Achilles tendinopathy through a standard educational model, we propose that our curriculum can be portable and accessible to all health care providers who encounter dancers and other athletes with Achilles tendinopathy and may serve as a model for expanded education to generalists about other conditions commonly encountered in ballet dancers.
Quite a Pickle: A 10-Year Increase in Pickleball-Related Hand Injuries
Authors: Firouzbakht Peter K. , Bagdady Kazimir , Gupta Rohun , Lu Stephen M. , Chen Kevin 
Published: March 2024

Background: Pickleball popularity has significantly increased in the United States. Wrist, hand, and finger injuries are commonly seen among pickleball players and are on the rise. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried from 2013 to 2022 tennis- and pickleball-related injuries in the United States. Data were filtered to include wrist, hand, and finger injuries only. Results: There were a total of 12 021 estimated pickleball injuries between 2013 and 2022, most commonly in white women greater than 55 years old. The most common mechanism of injury (90.5%) was a fall. The number of injuries increased by 765.6% between 2013 and 2022. The growth in the number of pickleball-related injuries was found to be statistically significant ( P < .05), whereas the growth for tennis-related injuries was found to be not statistically different from 0. There was a statistical difference between the growth of the number of pickleball injuries per year and the number of tennis injuries. The wrist was the most common location of injury (70.0%) compared with the hand (10.5%) and fingers (19.5%). The most common injury diagnosis was fracture (60.3%). Overall, the most common injury was wrist fracture (50.0%). Conclusions: Hand surgeons should be aware of the increasing prevalence of pickleball-related injuries as an alternative mechanism of injury, particularly among the elderly.
Soft Tissue Stabilization of the Hinge Position for Lateral Closing-Wedge Distal Femoral Osteotomy: An Anatomic Study
Authors: Oda Taiga , Maeyama Akira , Ishimatsu Tetsuro , Tachibana Katsuro , Yoshimitsu Kengo , Yamamoto Takuaki 
Published: March 2024

Background: Soft tissue plays an important role in stabilizing the hinge point for osteotomy around the knee. However, insufficient data are available on the anatomic features of the soft tissue around the hinge position for lateral closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy (LCWDFO). Purpose: To (1) anatomically analyze the soft tissue around the hinge position for LCWDFO, (2) histologically analyze the soft tissue based on the anatomic analysis results, and (3) radiologically define the appropriate hinge point to prevent unstable hinge fracture based on the results of the anatomic and histological analyses. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: In 20 cadaveric knees (age, 82.7 ± 7.8 years; range, 60-96 years), the soft tissue of the distal medial side of the femur was anatomically analyzed. The thicknesses of the periosteum and direct insertion of the adductor tendon (AT) were histologically examined and measured using an electron microscope. The thickness of the periosteum was visualized graphically, and the graph of the periosteum and radiograph of the knee were overlaid using image editing software. The appropriate hinge position was determined based on the periosteal thickness and attachment of the AT. Results: The mean thickness of the periosteum of the metaphysis was 352.7 ± 58.6 µm (range, 213.6-503.4 µm). The overlaid graph and radiograph revealed that the thickness of the periosteum changed at the part corresponding to the transition between the diaphyseal and metaphyseal ends of the femur. The mean width of the AT attached to the distal medial femur from the adductor tubercle toward the distal direction was 7.9 ± 1.3 mm (range, 6.3-9.7 mm). Conclusion: Results indicated that the periosteum and AT support the hinge for LCWDFO within the area surrounded by the apex of the adductor tubercle and the upper border of the posterior part of the lateral femoral condyle. Clinical Relevance: When the hinge point is located within the area surrounded by the apex of the adductor tubercle and the upper border of the posterior part of the lateral femoral condyle, these soft tissues work as stabilizers, and there is no risk of cutting into the joint space.
CAR19 monitoring by peripheral blood immunophenotyping reveals histology-specific expansion and toxicity
Authors: Hamilton Mark P. , Craig Erin , Gentille Sanchez Cesar , Mina Alain , Tamaresis John , Kirmani Nadia , Ehlinger Zachary , Syal Shriya , Good Zinaida , Sworder Brian , Schroers-Martin Joseph , Lu Ying , Muffly Lori , Negrin Robert S. , Arai Sally , Lowsky Robert , Meyer Everett , Rezvani Andrew R. , Shizuru Judith , Weng Wen-Kai , Shiraz Parveen , Sidana Surbhi , Bharadwaj Sushma , Smith Melody , Dahiya Saurabh , Sahaf Bita , Kurtz David M. , Mackall Crystal L. , Tibshirani Robert , Alizadeh Ash A. , Frank Matthew J. , Miklos David B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells directed against CD19 (CAR19) are a revolutionary treatment for B-cell lymphomas (BCLs). CAR19 cell expansion is necessary for CAR19 function but is also associated with toxicity. To define the impact of CAR19 expansion on patient outcomes, we prospectively followed a cohort of 236 patients treated with CAR19 (brexucabtagene autoleucel or axicabtagene ciloleucel) for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma, and large BCL (LBCL) over the course of 5 years and obtained CAR19 expansion data using peripheral blood immunophenotyping for 188 of these patients. CAR19 expansion was higher in patients with MCL than other lymphoma histologic subtypes. Notably, patients with MCL had increased toxicity and required fourfold higher cumulative steroid doses than patients with LBCL. CAR19 expansion was associated with the development of cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome, and the requirement for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 14 days after infusion. Younger patients and those with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) had significantly higher CAR19 expansion. In general, no association between CAR19 expansion and LBCL treatment response was observed. However, when controlling for tumor burden, we found that lower CAR19 expansion in conjunction with low LDH was associated with improved outcomes in LBCL. In sum, this study finds CAR19 expansion principally associates with CAR-related toxicity. Additionally, CAR19 expansion as measured by peripheral blood immunophenotyping may be dispensable to favorable outcomes in LBCL.
Development and psychometric testing of the Aesthetics of Everyday Life Scale in Aging (AELSA)
Authors: Izadi-Avanji Fatemeh Sadat , Zamani Nafise , Azizi-Fini Ismail , Mohammadnejad Esmaeil 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The aesthetics of everyday life improves physical and mental health and social communication. This study aims to develop and test a novel instrument that assesses the aesthetics of the everyday life of older adults.

Methods
A mixed-methods study with a sequential exploratory approach was conducted from November 2021 to December 2022. Item generation and questionnaire formation were developed through interviews with older adults and a literature review (stage 1). A cross-sectional study was then conducted to test the psychometric properties of the novel scale among 380 older adults referred to Urban Comprehensive Health Service Centers (stage 2). The construct validity was tested via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and with the principal component analysis method. Internal consistency and reliability of the scale were evaluated with Cronbach's alpha and test–retest with a 2-week interval.

Results
The initial scale was prepared with 39 items. In stage 2, EFA revealed a seven-factor model with 34 items. Internal consistency was acceptable for extracted sub-scales (Cronbach's alpha range: 0.67- 0.93) and the total score (0.926). The intra-class correlation coefficient for test–retest reliability was 0.90.

Conclusions
The AELSA is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the aesthetics of everyday life in older adults. the scale will help policymakers in formulating interventions to improve mental health and well-being in older adults. Moreover, Further studies is need to provide more support of construct validity.
Difficult-to-treat HIV in Sweden: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elvstam Olof , Dahl Viktor , Weibull Wärnberg Anna , von Stockenström Susanne , Yilmaz Aylin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Our aim was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of difficult-to-treat HIV in the current Swedish HIV cohort and to compare treatment outcomes between people with difficult and non-difficult-to-treat HIV.

Methods
In this cross-sectional analysis of the Swedish HIV cohort, we identified all people with HIV currently in active care in 2023 from the national register InfCareHIV. We defined five categories of difficult-to-treat HIV: 1) advanced resistance, 2) four-drug regimen, 3) salvage therapy, 4) virologic failure within the past 12 months, and 5) ≥ 2 regimen switches following virologic failure since 2008. People classified as having difficult-to-treat HIV were compared with non-difficult for background characteristics as well as treatment outcomes (viral suppression and self-reported physical and psychological health).

Results
Nine percent of the Swedish HIV cohort in 2023 (n = 8531) met at least one criterion for difficult-to-treat HIV. Most of them had ≥ 2 regimen switches (6%), and the other categories of difficult-to-treat HIV were rare (1–2% of the entire cohort). Compared with non-difficult, people with difficult-to-treat HIV were older, had an earlier first year of positive HIV test and lower CD4 counts, and were more often female. The viral suppression rate among people with difficult-to-treat HIV was 84% compared with 95% for non-difficult (p = 0.001). People with difficult-to-treat HIV reported worse physical (but not psychological) health, and this remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, sex, and transmission group.

Conclusions
Although 9% of the HIV cohort in Sweden in 2023 were classified as having difficult-to-treat HIV, a large proportion of these were virally suppressed, and challenges such as advanced resistance and need for salvage therapy are rare in the current Swedish cohort.