bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isatuximab in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone in 1q21+ patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Long‐term outcomes in the Phase 3 IKEMA study
Authors: Facon Thierry , Moreau Philippe , Špicka Ivan , Suzuki Kenshi , Yong Kwee , Mikhael Joseph , Fukao Taro , Bisht Kamlesh , Armstrong Nicole M. , Macé Sandrine , Risse Marie‐Laure , Martin Thomas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGain/amplification of 1q21 (≥3 copies), a chromosomal abnormality frequently observed in multiple myeloma, can negatively affect prognosis, due to its involvement in resistance to anti‐myeloma therapy and disease progression. In this updated subgroup analysis of the randomized, Phase 3 IKEMA study (NCT03275285) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), we evaluated progression‐free survival (PFS) and depth of response with the anti‐CD38 antibody isatuximab plus carfilzomib‐dexamethasone (Isa‐Kd) versus Kd, in 1q21+ patients and related subgroups, at long‐term follow‐up (44.2 months). Our analysis included patients with 1q21+ (≥3 copies, with/without high‐risk chromosomal abnormality [HRCA]), isolated 1q21+ (≥3 copies, without HRCA), gain(1q21) (3 copies, with/without HRCA), and amp(1q21) (≥4 copies, with/without HRCA). PFS benefit was achieved with Isa‐Kd versus Kd in patients with 1q21+ (HR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37–0.92), with isolated 1q21+ (HR 0.49, 95% CI: 0.27–0.92), with gain(1q21), or amp(1q21), consistent with the overall population and prior interim 1q21+ subgroup analyses. Median PFS with Isa‐Kd versus Kd was 25.8 versus 16.2 months in 1q21+ patients and 38.2 versus 16.2 months in patients with isolated 1q21+. Clinically meaningful, higher rates of very good partial response or better, complete response or better (≥CR), minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity, and MRD negativity and ≥CR were reached with Isa‐Kd versus Kd in patients with 1q21+, isolated 1q21+, gain(1q21), or amp(1q21). In Isa‐Kd and Kd, the MRD negativity and ≥CR rate was 29.3% versus 15.4% in 1q21+ patients, 36.2% versus 12.9% in patients with isolated 1q21+, 27.9% versus 13.5% in patients with gain(1q21), and 31.3% versus 20.0% in patients with amp(1q21), respectively. In conclusion, addition of Isa to Kd in triplet combination therapy has shown PFS benefit and deeper responses, compared with Kd, in 1q21+ patients at higher risk of progression, including patients with isolated 1q21+, gain(1q21), and amp(1q21), thus supporting Isa‐Kd an effective treatment option for patients with RRMM.
The use of interpreter services and its barriers faced by hospital staff when accessing interpreters for patients with low English proficiency during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Tang Davina , Jawad Danielle , Dragoje Vesna , Wen Li Ming , Taki Sarah 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedPatients with low English proficiency (LEP) often require interpreter services in health care, however, their usage remains low. This study aimed to explore the barriers to accessing interpreter services and suggests ways services can be improved in hospitals.MethodsWe conducted focus groups with clinicians and a retrospective audit of patient records. The clinicians were recruited from the inpatient wards and Emergency Department in a Sydney hospital, August 2022. The focus group discussion explored clinicians' experiences using an interpreter, and ways to improve access to the service. It was recorded, transcribed and coded thematically using Braun and Clarke's (2006) 6‐step framework. The patient record data were linked with the interpreter service booking data to determine whether patients flagged as requiring an interpreter on admission were provided with the service.ResultsTwo focus groups were conducted with clinicians (N = 9 in total). Long wait times for telephone interpreters, an inflexible booking system, and low availability of in‐person interpreters were identified as the barriers. The COVID‐19 pandemic also impacted in‐person service provision.ConclusionSome systemic barriers including an inflexible booking process and long wait times for immediate interpreter services were identified. The low use of interpreter services is attributed to the difficulties accessing the service and poor documentation in patient records.So What?Greater availability of in‐person interpreter services, an upgraded booking system, and effective implementation the NSW Health Standard Procedures for Working with Health Care Interpreters will address some of these barriers.
Evaluation of the awareness of Western Australian SunSmart campaigns between 2008 and 2022
Authors: Feng Ying Ru , Ward Sarah , Lopez Derrick , Minto Carolyn , Blane Sally , Preen David B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedIt is unknown whether SunSmart health promotion campaigns in Western Australia are still effectively reaching their target audience of young people (under 45 years). This study examined trends over time in awareness, relevancy and believability of SunSmart advertisements and identified socio‐demographic characteristics and risk factors associated with campaign awareness.MethodLinear regression and log‐binomial modelling were undertaken using data from the annual SunSmart post‐campaign evaluation surveys between 2008/2009 and 2021/2022. SunSmart campaigns were analysed and categorised into the following themes: (1) personal real‐life stories; (2) daily activities/sun exposure leads to skin cancer; or (3) cartoon/animated.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2022, there were declines in total awareness (74.2% to 20.4%), unprompted awareness (33.7% to 4.9%) and relevancy (89.5% to 54.8%) of SunSmart advertisements (representing annual percent decreases of 3.6%, 3.1% and 1.8%, respectively). However, believability remained high over time (>94% in each annual survey). Trends were inconsistent between the awareness of campaign themes and socio‐demographic characteristics and risk factors. Several campaigns had greater awareness in their subsequent years, compared with the first campaign year.ConclusionIn more recent years, SunSmart advertisements and campaigns may not have reached their target audience. In addition to socio‐demographic characteristics, particularly age, advertisement factors may also affect the awareness of specific campaigns.So What?Given the changing advertising landscape and its rising costs, ongoing funding is pertinent to increase the reach of future SunSmart campaigns. Increasing advertisements on alternative platforms and designing campaigns which separately target adolescents and adults need to be considered.
Health literacy profiles of pregnant women and mothers in Tasmania: A cluster analysis
Authors: Melwani Satish , Cleland Verity , Patterson Kira , Nash Rosie 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedHealth literacy development can help to reduce the growing noncommunicable disease burden globally. However, less is known about the health literacy needs of pregnant women and mothers necessary to guide health literacy development in this priority population group. To enhance the understanding of the health literacy needs of pregnant women and mothers, this study aimed to develop data‐informed health literacy profiles of pregnant women and mothers with children (0–8 years) in Tasmania, as well as data‐informed vignettes describing the health literacy needs of women in the different health literacy profiles.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional survey was undertaken. The survey included demographic questions and the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ). The data were analysed using a cluster analysis to identify subgroups with varying health literacy needs. The clusters, in conjunction with demographic characteristics, were used to generate data‐informed vignettes representing various health literacy profiles.ResultsThe cluster analysis generated seven health literacy profiles and five vignettes representing diverse health literacy needs of pregnant women and mothers in Tasmania. Each vignette tells a data‐informed story of women in Tasmania experiencing diverse health literacy strengths and challenges influencing their access and use of health information and health services. This allowed deeper exploration of the health literacy needs of the subgroups within the target population.ConclusionA better understanding of the health literacy needs of pregnant women and mothers can provide policymakers and health care providers with the key insights needed to guide the planning and development of fit‐for‐purpose solutions. This understanding can also guide the tailoring of existing health and community services, to create a health literacy‐responsive environment that is more likely to meet the diverse health needs of pregnant women and mothers.So WhatWe must shift away from a ‘one size fits all’ approach and promote the development of a health literacy‐responsive environment to improve health and equity outcomes for pregnant women and mothers in Tasmania.
Can Modern Monetary Theory fit the post‐Crisis US facts? Evidence from a full DSGE model
Authors: Liu Chunping , Minford Patrick , Ou Zhirong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractModern Monetary Theory (MMT) claims that a monetarily sovereign government like the US is never confronted by a real budget constraint since it can always monetise any deficit by printing money; and this need not be inflationary since it can always drain excess money from circulation by taxing. MMT economists claim that their theory is in line with the behaviour of the US data since the Financial Crisis, and argue that policy in the post‐COVID recovery period should continue to be guided by MMT principles. We set out the MMT policy rules within a full DSGE model and test this model version against the data by indirect inference, side by side with a standard New Keynesian rival version, to evaluate these claims. We find that the MMT model is rejected by the data, while the standard model is not; and that the MMT policy rules imply a material loss of welfare compared to the standard ones.
Female adolescents’ early life stress and body mass index: Differential effects of anger and anxiety in response to rejection
Authors: Lee Sharon Y. , Jao Nancy C. , Gaffey Allison E. , Reid Brie M. , Vergara‐Lopez Chrystal , Bublitz Margaret H. , Stroud Laura R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionEarly life stress is linked to childhood obesity. As children enter adolescence, early life stress may be associated with increased rejection sensitivity, resulting in activation of behavioral and physiological changes that contribute to higher body mass index (BMI). Understanding the potential influence of rejection sensitivity on the association between early life stress and BMI is important to examine in female adolescents. For this secondary data analysis, we hypothesized that female adolescents with greater early life stress and greater rejection sensitivity would exhibit higher BMI‐for‐age 12 months later.MethodsSeventy‐eight adolescents (Mage = 13.1 years; 100% female sex; MBMI = 23.2 kg/m2) in the United States completed study procedures from 2012 to 2016. Among these procedures, the Psychosocial Schedule was used to assess cumulative early life stress and the Children's Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire was used to assess anger and anxiety in response to rejection. Twelve months later, height and weight were measured to derive BMI‐for‐age.ResultsHigher early life stress was associated with higher BMI‐for‐age among female adolescents with low rejection‐provoked anger (1 SD below the mean). However, this association was not observed among female adolescents with high rejection‐provoked anger (1 SD above the mean). Finally, there was no significant interaction between early life stress and rejection‐provoked anxiety in predicting BMI‐for‐age.ConclusionsExperiencing early life stress may interact with rejection‐provoked anger, but not anxiety, to predict BMI‐for‐age. Findings inform a developmental perspective of how rejection sensitivity may influence the association between early life stress and early cardiometabolic risk.
Perceived functions and importance of digital media use and adolescent depression and suicidal ideation
Authors: Boyd Simone Imani , Moore Adia , Moghaddas Serena , Hamilton Jessica L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlthough social media (SM) use is nearly ubiquitous among adolescents, there is a lack of clarity concerning the relationship between SM use and mental health outcomes like depression and suicidal ideation (SI), which increase during adolescence. Much of the previous literature has focused on the frequency of SM use; however, the current study examined the relationship between the perceived importance of three types of interactions and functions of SM use and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.MethodsA sample of 4057 adolescents (M age = 14.6; 47.0% girls; 69.0% Non‐Hispanic/Latine White) were recruited via an online survey manager between February and March 2019. Participants completed the Adolescent Digital Technology Interactions and Importance (ADTI) Scale, which assessed the perceived importance of bridging online and offline experiences (bridging), going outside one's identity or offline experience (identity), and facilitating social connections (social). Participants also completed measures of depressive symptoms and SI and a self‐report measure of SM use. A series of path analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between bridging, identity, social, and depressive symptoms and SI.ResultsAfter accounting for covariates (gender identity, racial identity, age, and SM use), bridging was negatively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas identity was positively associated with depressive symptoms. Bridging and social connection were negatively associated with SI, whereas identity was positively associated with SI. Gender moderated these relationships; however, racial identity did not.ConclusionThe results highlight the importance of understanding adolescent SM use beyond screen time in relation to depression and SI.
Serosurvey of anti‐rubella and anti‐measles IgG antibodies in young females in Jahrom, southern west Iran in 2012: A review of literature of the serological profile in Iran
Authors: Mojarad Najmeh , Forouzani Fatemeh , Mohammadi Zahra , Shahriarirad Reza 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundRubella and measles are two highly contagious viral childhood diseases. However, the high possibility of brutal effects of both microorganisms during pregnancy has kept them emerging as a major public health issue. The current study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of rubella and measles among 15–25‐year‐old females in southwest Iran.MethodThis descriptive study was performed in Jahrom, southern west Iran during 2012. Serum samples from female individuals with an age of 15–25 years visiting main laboratories in our study location were collected and evaluated by a commercial ELISA kit for anti‐rubella and measles IgG antibodies.ResultsAmong the 179 participants, regarding anti‐rubella antibodies, 171 (95.0%) were positive, 3 (1.7%) were negative, and 6 (3.3%) were borderline. Regarding anti‐measles antibodies, 166 (92.2%) of the subjects were positive, 1 (5.6%) was negative, and 13 (17.2%) were borderline. By assuming a positive value for the borderline cases, the ultimate findings demonstrated that 98.3% and 99.4% of the participants were immune against rubella and measles, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between measles and rubella immunity with age or the use of immunosuppressor medication.ConclusionImplementation of vaccine program has obtained significant immunity level in inhabitants, particularly women of childbearing age who play a more important role in herd immunity. Therefore, maintaining the national immune screening against rubella and measles is needed to take into consideration to maintain the current satisfactory level of immunization.
Comparison of clinical findings and subjective symptoms in a case of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS): A case report from a patient's perspective
Authors: Sugimoto Kotaro , Murakami Toshiki , Ojima Akira , Sekiryu Tetsuju 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA 38‐year‐old pathologist developed multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). He documented his visual impairment in detail utilizing a light microscope for pathological diagnosis. Notably, the subjective defects illustrated by the patient were in good spatiotemporal agreement with diagnostic outcomes. The present report enhances the understanding of visual impairment associated with MEWDS through a comparative analysis of subjective experiences and objective clinical findings.
Use of artificial hydration in patients diagnosed with senility as the cause of death by home care physicians: A cross₋sectional study
Authors: Imanaga Teruhiko 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, effectiveness, and reasons for the use of artificial hydration (AH) in senile patients in the last week, and patient‐related factors associated with its usage.MethodsBetween April and May 2023, I conducted a cross₋sectional study among medical institutions affiliated with the Japan Network of Home Care Supporting Clinics. Eligible cases included those in which senility was listed as the cause of death on the death certificate from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. The questions asked use of AH, reasons for AH, and symptoms that improved or worsened with AH. Patient characteristics, including age, gender, place of death, length of treatment, and complication of dementia, were also asked. Descriptive statistics were performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine the association between patient characteristics and the use of AH.ResultsEighty‐three medical institutions (12.5%) provided responses, contributing a total of 714 cases. AH was administered in 236 cases (33.1%). The most common reason was “due to family preference” in 110 cases (46.6%). One hundred thirty‐five cases (57.2%) reported “no improved symptoms,” while symptom worsening was reported as “no worsened symptoms” in 176 cases (74.6%). Multivariate analysis on 699 cases using complete‐case analysis identified age (risk ratio [RR]:0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96–0.99) and female (RR:0.73, 95% CI:0.58–0.92) as factors associated with the use of AH.ConclusionThis study revealed that AH was commonly used based on family preferences and to alleviate psychological burdens on the family.
Vulnerability to functional decline is associated with noncardiovascular cause of 90‐day readmission in hospitalized patients with heart failure
Authors: Trochez Ricardo J. , Barrett Jennifer B. , Shi Yaping , Schildcrout Jonathan S. , Rick Chelsea , Nair Devika , Welch Sarah A. , Kumar Anupam A. , Bell Susan P. , Kripalani Sunil 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospital readmission is common among patients with heart failure. Vulnerability to decline in physical function may increase the risk of noncardiovascular readmission for these patients, but the association between vulnerability and the cause of unplanned readmission is poorly understood, inhibiting the development of effective interventions.ObjectivesWe examined the association of vulnerability with the cause of readmission (cardiovascular vs. noncardiovascular) among hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure.Designs, Settings, and ParticipantsThis prospective longitudinal study is part of the Vanderbilt Inpatient Cohort Study.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the cause of unplanned readmission (cardiovascular vs. noncardiovascular). The primary independent variable was vulnerability, measured using the Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES‐13).ResultsAmong 804 hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure, 315 (39.2%) experienced an unplanned readmission within 90 days of discharge. In a multinomial logistic model with no readmission as the reference category, higher vulnerability was associated with readmission for noncardiovascular causes (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.75) in the first 90 days after discharge. The VES‐13 score was not associated with readmission for cardiovascular causes (RRR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.75–1.17).ConclusionsVulnerability to functional decline predicted noncardiovascular readmission risk among hospitalized patients with heart failure. The VES‐13 is a brief, validated, and freely available tool that should be considered in planning care transitions. Additional work is needed to examine the efficacy of interventions to monitor and mitigate noncardiovascular concerns among vulnerable patients with heart failure being discharged from the hospital.
A protectin DX (PDX) analog with in vitro activity against influenza A(H1N1) viruses
Authors: Fortin Nicolas , Hénaut Mathilde , Goyette Nathalie , Maltais René , Sancéau Jean‐Yves , Marette André , Poirier Donald , Abed Yacine , Boivin Guy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAntiviral therapy based on neuraminidase (oseltamivir) or polymerase (baloxavir marboxil) inhibitors plays an important role in the management of influenza infections. However, the emergence of drug resistance and the uncontrolled inflammatory response are major limitations in the treatment of severe influenza disease. Protectins D1 (PD1) and DX (PDX), part of a family of pro‐resolving mediators, have previously demonstrated anti‐influenza activity as well as anti‐inflammatory properties in various clinical contexts. Herein, we synthetized a series of simplified PDX analogs and assessed their in vitro antiviral activity against influenza A(H1N1) viruses, including oseltamivir‐ and baloxavir‐resistant variants. In ST6GalI‐MDCK cells, the PDX analog AN‐137B reduced viral replication in a dose‐dependent manner with IC50 values of 23.8 for A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) and between 32.6 and 36.7 µM for susceptible and resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. In MTS‐based cell viability experiments, AN‐137B showed a 50% cellular cytotoxicity (CC50) of 638.7 µM with a resulting selectivity index of 26.8. Of greater importance, the combination of AN‐137B with oseltamivir or baloxavir resulted in synergistic and additive in vitro effects, respectively. Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated macrophages with AN‐137B resulted in a decrease of iNOS activity as shown by the reduction of nitrite production, suggesting an anti‐inflammatory effect. In conclusion, our results indicate that the protectin analog AN‐137B constitutes an interesting therapeutic modality against influenza A virus, warranting further evaluation in animal models.