bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common genetic influences underlie comorbidity of migraine and endometriosis
Authors: Nyholt Dale R. , Gillespie Nathan G. , Merikangas Kathleen R. , Treloar Susan A. , Martin Nicholas G. , Montgomery Grant W. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe examined the co‐occurrence of migraine and endometriosis within the largest known collection of families containing multiple women with surgically confirmed endometriosis and in an independent sample of 815 monozygotic and 457 dizygotic female twin pairs. Within the endometriosis families, a significantly increased risk of migrainous headache was observed in women with endometriosis compared to women without endometriosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–2.21, P=0.009). Bivariate heritability analyses indicated no evidence for common environmental factors influencing either migraine or endometriosis but significant genetic components for both traits, with heritability estimates of 69 and 49%, respectively. Importantly, a significant additive genetic correlation (rG = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.06–0.47) and bivariate heritability (h2=0.17, 95% CI: 0.08–0.27) was observed between migraine and endometriosis. Controlling for the personality trait neuroticism made little impact on this association. These results confirm the previously reported comorbidity between migraine and endometriosis and indicate common genetic influences completely explain their co‐occurrence within individuals. Given pharmacological treatments for endometriosis typically target hormonal pathways and a number of findings provide support for a relationship between hormonal variations and migraine, hormone‐related genes and pathways are highly plausible candidates for both migraine and endometriosis. Therefore, taking into account the status of both migraine and endometriosis may provide a novel opportunity to identify the genes underlying them. Finally, we propose that the analysis of such genetically correlated comorbid traits can increase power to detect genetic risk loci through the use of more specific, homogenous and heritable phenotypes. Genet. Epidemiol. 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geochemistry and K‐Ar cooling ages of the Ilıca, Çataldağ (Balıkesir) and Kozak (İzmir) granitoids, west Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Boztuğ D. , Harlavan Y. , Jonckheere R. , Can İ. , Sari R. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe Ilıca, Çataldağ and Kozak granitoids, cropping out in the northern part of the İzmir‐Ankara (İA) suture zone in west Anatolia, Turkey, intrude metamorphic rocks of the Sakarya continent (SC) and Karakaya complex, and are unconformably overlain by Miocene volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The Ilıca and Kozak granitoids comprised granodioritic and granitic rocks and include mafic microgranular enclaves. The Çataldağ granitoid massif is subdivided into three lithological units: the Bozenköy granodiorite, Çataltepe biotite granite and Turfaldağ biotite granodiorite. Hornblende separates from the Ilıca granitoid yield K‐Ar cooling ages that range from Oligocene (29 Ma) to Early Miocene (21 Ma). Biotite separates from subunits of the Çataldağ granitoid massif yield K‐Ar cooling ages of 21−22 Ma. The Kozak granitoid possesses hornblende and biotite K‐Ar cooling ages ranging from 17 to 21 Ma. Fractional crystallization (FC), assimilation‐combined FC, magma mixing and crustal contamination were the main processes which modified the compositions of magmas during crystallization. The Ilıca, Çataldağ and Kozak granitoids were derived from different magma sources generated by the partial melting of various sources such as metasomatized mantle and crustal material in a post‐collisional extensional setting following continent–continent collision between the SC and Taurus‐Menderes Massif along the İA suture zone in west Anatolia, Turkey. Oligo−Miocene K‐Ar hornblende/biotite cooling ages seem to be driven with a rapid cooling and fast exhumation of a mid‐crustal section that can be resulted from a regional extensional geodynamic setting related to the subduction roll‐back of the present‐day Mediterranean oceanic lithosphere in the Aegean region in west and northwest Anatolia, Turkey. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of lesions in patients with unilateral tactile agnosia using cytoarchitectonic probabilistic maps
Authors: Hömke Lars , Amunts Katrin , Bönig Lutz , Fretz Christian , Binkofski Ferdinand , Zilles Karl , Weder Bruno 
Published: July 2008

AbstractWe propose a novel methodical approach to lesion analyses involving high‐resolution MR images in combination with probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps. 3D‐MR images of the whole brain and the manually segmented lesion mask are spatially normalized to the reference brain of a stereotaxic probabilistic cytoarchitectonic atlas using a multiscale registration algorithm based on an elastic model. The procedure is demonstrated in three patients suffering from aperceptive tactile agnosia of the right hand due to chronic infarction of the left parietal cortex. Patient 1 presents a lesion in areas of the postcentral sulcus, Patient 3 in areas of the superior parietal lobule and adjacent intraparietal sulcus, and Patient 2 lesions in both regions. On the basis of neurobehavioral data, we conjectured degradation of sequential elementary sensory information processing within the postcentral gyrus, impeding texture recognition in Patients 1 and 2, and disturbed kinaesthetic information processing in the posterior parietal lobe, causing degraded shape recognition in the patients 2 and 3. The involvement of Brodmann areas 4a, 4p, 3a, 3b, 1, 2, and areas IP1 and IP2 of the intraparietal sulcus was assessed in terms of the voxel overlap between the spatially transformed lesion masks and the 50%‐isocontours of the cytoarchitectonic maps. The disruption of the critical cytoarchitectonic areas and the impaired subfunctions, texture and shape recognition, relate as conjectured above. We conclude that the proposed method represents a promising approach to hypothesis‐driven lesion analyses, yielding lesion‐function correlates based on a cytoarchitectonic model. Finally, the lesion‐function correlates are validated by functional imaging reference data. Hum Brain Mapp 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Infant mortality and child nutrition in Bangladesh
Authors: Dancer Diane , Rammohan Anu , Smith Murray D. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe excess female infant mortality observed in South Asia has typically been attributed to gender discrimination in the intra‐household allocation of food and medical care. However, studies on child nutrition find no evidence of gender differences. A natural explanation could be that in environments of high infant mortality of females, the surviving children are healthier, so that child nutrition cannot be studied independently of mortality. In this paper, we use data from the 2004 Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey to investigate if there are any gender differences in survival probabilities and whether this leads to differences in child nutrition. We argue the importance of establishing whether or not there exists a dependence relationship between the two random variables – infant mortality and child nutrition – and in order to detect this we employ a copula approach to model specification. The results suggest, for example, that while male children have a significantly lower likelihood of surviving their first year relative to female children, should they survive they have significantly better height‐for‐age Z‐scores. From a policy perspective, household wealth and public health interventions such as vaccinations are found to be important predictors of better nutritional outcomes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hedgerow impacts on soil‐water transfer due to rainfall interception and root‐water uptake
Authors: Ghazavi G. , Thomas Z. , Hamon Y. , Marie J. C. , Corson M. , Merot P. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractHedgerow is one of the most important rural landscapes in the world, especially in Europe. Knowledge about the hydrological role of hedgerows is useful in many fields of study, such as hydrological modelling and rural landscape management. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a hedgerow on rainfall distribution, soil‐water potential gradient, lateral water transfer and water balance. A hillslope with a hedgerow perpendicular to the slope was monitored. To evaluate hedgerow rainfall interception, rainfall was measured (hourly, daily, and by rainfall event) both next to and up to 16 m upslope and 12 m downslope perpendicularly away from the hedgerow. The strongest correlation between rainfall next to the hedgerow and rainfall at more distant points was obtained using data measured per rainfall event. The average percentage of rainfall intercepted equalled 28% for the leafed period and 12% for the leafless period. The impact of the hedgerow on spatial rainfall distribution was related to distance from the hedgerow and rainfall amount. Annual distribution of soil‐water potential showed that the hedgerow influenced it up to 9 m upslope and 6 m downslope, the area in which most of the hedgerow's roots were observed. The soil was driest at the end of summer, which delayed soil rewetting during autumn in areas surrounding the hedgerow. Annual groundwater dynamics exhibited three distinct periods due to temporal rainfall distribution and, especially at the end of summer, root‐water uptake. In addition, the total potential gradient showed that unsaturated flow was directed towards the hedgerow in summer and autumn. These results indicate that at the local scale hedgerows influences (1) spatial rainfall distribution, (2) soil rewetting, and (3) groundwater recharge, often at distances well beyond the hedgerow's drip line. Consequently, the processes involved in soil‐water dynamics around hedgerows should be integrated into relevant hydrological models, especially for catchments with a dense hedgerow network. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interpretation of homogeneity in δ18O signatures of stream water in a nested sub‐catchment system in north‐east Scotland
Authors: Dunn S. M. , Bacon J. R. , Soulsby C. , Tetzlaff D. , Stutter M. I. , Waldron S. , Malcolm I. A. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe isotope hydrology of a set of nested sub‐catchments in the north‐east of Scotland has been studied to examine the mixing processes and residence times of water in the catchments. The measured δ18O in stream waters was found to be exceptionally uniform both temporally and spatially. Hydrochemical mixing analyses showed that groundwater contributes between 62 and 90% of the stream flow in all sub‐catchments. Model analysis indicated that the δ18O in stream water is indicative of a highly mixed system in which near surface runoff appears to be mixed with groundwater, within the soil profile, before being released from the catchment. Small fluctuations in the stream water δ18O response are generated by a small proportion (<10%) of less‐well mixed water in infiltration excess runoff during storm events. A comparative application of the model to a nearby catchment, which has a lower proportion of groundwater runoff, demonstrated contrasting behaviour, with significantly less mixing of waters occurring and a more distinct difference in the age of runoff generated by different flow paths. This highlighted that standard methods for characterization of mixing mechanisms are often insufficient and may not discriminate between systems that have retained quite distinct flow paths throughout catchment transit, and those which have been mixed at some stage. Model sensitivity analysis also indicated that the simulated mean residence time of water varies most strongly in response to different parameters compared with the δ18O response. This has implications for estimating water residence times from isotope data. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do both heterocyclic amines and omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids contribute to the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women of the Malmö diet and cancer cohort?
Authors: Sonestedt Emily , Ericson Ulrika , Gullberg Bo , Skog Kerstin , Olsson Håkan , Wirfält Elisabet 
Published: July 2008

AbstractHeterocyclic amines (HAs), formed when meat and fish are cooked at high temperatures, have been linked to mammary gland cancer in rats, and some epidemiological studies indicate increased breast cancer risk by consumption of well‐done meat. The epidemiological evidence linking HAs per se to breast cancer is however sparse, especially from prospective studies. Moreover, high‐fat diets rich in omega‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have produced higher frequencies of HA‐induced mammary gland tumors in rats compared to those fed low‐fat diets. The aim was to evaluate prospectively if intake of HAs is associated with breast cancer incidence, and if the association is independent of omega‐6 PUFA intakes. Among women 50 years or older at baseline from the population‐based prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (n = 11,699), 430 women were diagnosed with incident invasive breast cancer during a mean follow‐up of 10.4 years. Information on dietary habits was collected by a modified diet history method. Cox proportional hazards regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer associated with energy‐adjusted intakes of HAs and omega‐6 PUFA. Intakes of HAs were not associated with breast cancer incidence (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.69–1.28, for highest compared to lowest quintile). In individuals with low HA intakes, a significant increased risk was observed among those with high intakes of omega‐6 PUFAs. In conclusion, intakes of HAs are not associated with breast cancer incidence in this Swedish cohort, but dietary patterns very high in omega‐6 PUFA may promote breast cancer development. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The predicted impact of vaccination on human papillomavirus infections in Australia
Authors: Smith Megan A. , Canfell Karen , Brotherton Julia M.L. , Lew Jie‐Bin , Barnabas Ruanne V. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractVaccines based on human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 virus‐like particles have the potential to prevent ∼70% of cervical cancers. In Australia, public vaccination against HPV commenced in April 2007, and includes routine vaccination of females aged 12–13 years, and a 2‐year school and GP‐based catch‐up in females aged 12–26 years. The objectives of this study were to estimate initial vaccination coverage rates, to describe current patterns of sexual behavior in young females, and to predict the impact of vaccination on HPV16 infections. We reviewed early coverage data, estimating that coverage in 2007/2008 will reach 86% (feasible range 67–90%) for 12‐ to 13‐year‐old girls, with lower rates attained in older females. A review of survey data found that the median age of first intercourse in Australian females is 16 years, with ∼90% of women sexually active at 22 years. Using these data, we performed an analysis of HPV transmission to predict the impact of vaccination on HPV infection rates. The public program is predicted to result in a reduction in the age‐standardized incidence of HPV16 infections of 56% by 2010 (feasible range 48–61%), and 92% by 2050 (feasible range 76–95%). Elective vaccination of older women and vaccination of males may provide some incremental gains, but the benefits to women of vaccinating males will be less if coverage of females remains high. In conclusion, the current vaccination program is expected to result in a substantial and rapid reduction in the incidence of HPV16 in Australia. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The new tumor suppressor genes ING: Genomic structure and status in cancer
Authors: Ythier Damien , Larrieu Delphine , Brambilla Christian , Brambilla Elisabeth , Pedeux Rémy 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe Inhibitor of Growth 1 (ING1) gene has been identified and characterized as a Type‐II tumor suppressor gene (TSG). Subsequently, 4 additional members of the family were identified by homology search. ING proteins contain a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and a plant homeo domain (PHD) finger motif in their C‐terminus. These proteins are involved in numerous signaling pathways especially in 2 tumor suppressor pathways: apoptosis and senescence. In human tumors, several studies have shown that the expression of ING1 is frequently lost or downregulated. It occurs most frequently at the RNA level, and thus epigenetics mechanism could be involved. We summarize the current knowledge on ING proteins functions and their involvement in various signaling pathways. We also review the studies that have investigated the ING protein status in human tumors. The interest of ING proteins as biomarkers and their role in tumor initiation and progression is discussed. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thioredoxin and thioredoxin binding protein 2 in the liver
Authors: Okuyama Hiroaki , Son Aoi , Ahsan Md. Kaimul , Masutani Hiroshi , Nakamura Hajime , Yodoi Junji 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThioredoxin (TRX) is a 12‐kDa protein with redox‐active dithiol in the active site ‐Cys‐Gly‐Pro‐Cys‐ and constitutes a major thiol reducing system. TRX protects cells from stress‐induced damage through antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory effect. In animal models, thioacetamide (TAA)‐induced acute hepatitis and TAA‐induced liver fibrosis was attenuated in TRX transgenic (TRXTG) mice. Plasma level of TRX is a good marker for hepatitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in human patients. Recently, we identified TRX binding protein 2 (TBP2) in a yeast two‐hybrid screening. TBP2 regulates both the expression and reducing activity of TRX as well as cell growth. TBP2 knockout (TBP2KO) mice showed disorder in lipid metabolism. TBP2 plays a multiple role on cell growth and lipid and glucose metabolism. Thus, TRX and TBP2 play important roles in the pathophysiology of liver diseases, including NASH, indicating that ratio of TRX and TBP2 expression could be a novel marker of liver diseases like NASH. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(10): 656–660, 2008
The proteasome and its role in the degradation of oxidized proteins
Authors: Jung Tobias , Grune Tilman 
Published: July 2008

AbstractThe generation of free radicals and the resulting oxidative modification of cell structures are omnipresent in mammalian cells. This includes the permanent oxidation of proteins leading to the disruption of the protein structure and an impaired functionality. In consequence, these oxidized proteins have to be removed in order to prevent serious metabolic disturbances. The most important cellular proteolytic system responsible for the removal of oxidized proteins is the proteasomal system. For normal functioning, the proteasomal system needs the coordinated interaction of numerous components. This review describes the fundamental functions of the 20S “core” proteasome, its regulators, and the roles of the proteasomal system beyond the removal of oxidized proteins in mammalian cells. © 2008 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 60(11): 743–752, 2008
Blockage of NF‐κB by IKKβ‐ or RelA‐siRNA rather than the NF‐κB super‐suppressor IκBα mutant potentiates adriamycin‐induced cytotoxicity in lung cancer cells
Authors: Chen Wenshu , Wang Xia , Bai Lang , Liang Xiaomin , Zhuang Jianguo , Lin Yong 
Published: July 2008

AbstractAmbiguous roles of genotoxic anticancer therapeutic‐induced NF‐κB activation in regulating gene expression (activation or suppression) and apoptosis (anti‐ or pro‐apoptosis) have recently been suggested. In order to clarify this controversy and determine the usefulness of NF‐κB blockage for sensitizing anticancer therapy, we have systematically investigated the effect of distinct NF‐κB‐blocking approaches on lung cancer cells' responses to Adriamycin‐induced cytotoxicity. The results show that Adriamycin‐induced NF‐κB activation functions as a transcriptional activator triggering the expression of anti‐apoptotic genes. Blocking NF‐κB with IKKβ‐ or RelA siRNA substantially sensitized Adriamycin‐induced cytotoxicity, suggesting that the NF‐κB pathway could be a target for sensitizing lung cancer cells to Adriamycin's anticancer effect. Surprisingly, although it effectively blocks NF‐κB activation, the IκBα super‐suppressor (IκBαAA) antagonized Adriamycin‐induced cell death. Additionally, the induction of death receptor 5 (DR5), which contributes to Adriamycin‐induced cytotoxicity, was not affected by NF‐κB blockage. Thus, our results suggest that Adriamycin‐induced NF‐κB is a transcriptional activator that protects lung cancer cells against apoptosis, and IKKβ‐ or RelA siRNA rather than IκBαAA is an appropriate NF‐κB blocking approach for sensitizing lung cancer cells to Adriamycin‐induced cytotoxicity. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 554–561, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) during porcine gametogenesis and preimplantation embryo development
Authors: Antelman J. , Manandhar G. , Yi Y.‐J. , Li R. , Whitworth K.M. , Sutovsky M. , Agca C. , Prather R.S. , Sutovsky P. 
Published: July 2008

AbstractMitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is responsible for stability, maintenance, and transcriptional control of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We have studied the expression and distribution of TFAM in the gametes and preimplantation embryos of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa). We hypothesized that TFAM is not present in the boar sperm mitochondria to reduce the possibility of paternal mtDNA propagation in the progeny. In contrast, we anticipated that Tfam gene is expressed in a developmental stage‐dependent manner in porcine oocytes and embryos. The appropriate TFAM band of 25 kDa was detected by Western blotting in ejaculated boar spermatozoa, as well as in porcine oocytes and zygotes. Boar sperm extracts also displayed several bands >25 kDa suggestive of post‐translational modification by ubiquitination, confirmed by affinity purification of ubiquitinated proteins. TFAM immunoreactivity was relegated to the sperm tail principal piece and sperm head in fully differentiated spermatozoa. The content of Tfam mRNA increased considerably from the germinal vesicle to blastocyst stage and also between in vitro fertilized and cultured blastocysts compared to in vivo‐derived blastocysts. TFAM protein accumulated in the oocytes during maturation and was reduced by proteolysis after fertilization. This pattern was not mirrored in parthenogenetically activated oocytes and zygotes reconstructed by SCNT, suggesting deviant processing of TFAM protein and transcript after oocyte/embryo manipulation. Thus, TFAM may exert a critical role in porcine gametogenesis and preimplantation embryo development. Altogether, our data on the role of TFAM in mitochondrial function and inheritance have broad implications for cell physiology and evolutionary biology. J. Cell. Physiol. 217: 529–543, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.