bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing breastfeeding rates in south‐western Sydney
Authors: Yeoh Berlinda H , Eastwood John , Phung Hai , Woolfenden Sue 
Published: April 2007

Aim:  To explore the socio‐demographic factors and other maternal characteristics that influence breastfeeding initiation rates. In particular, this paper aims to (i) estimate the rate of breastfeeding by maternal socio‐demographic factors and other maternal characteristics at first well‐baby visit; and (ii) investigate the relationship between breastfeeding rates and these maternal factors.Methods:  Cross‐sectional data were obtained for 9618 babies in south‐western Sydney in New South Wales from the Ingleburn Baby Information Systems database from January 2000 to June 2004 and included information on breastfeeding status, socio‐demographic factors and other maternal characteristics.Results:  At first visit, 59.8% of mothers were breastfeeding. The factors that increased the risk for NOT breastfeeding on multivariate analysis were being Australian‐born (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.45–1.89, P < 0.001), unmarried (OR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.52–2.11, P < 0.001), living in disadvantaged accommodation (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.60–2.26, P < 0.001), having lower levels of education (OR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.38–2.54, P < 0.001) and current smoking (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.51–1.96, P < 0.001).Conclusion:  The results from this large population‐based study suggest that breastfeeding rates are significantly influenced by socio‐demographic factors and maternal characteristics. Consequently, subgroups of the population ‘at risk’ for not breastfeeding can be identified and targeted for further strategies to promote breastfeeding.
Feasibility of neonatal hearing screening program with two‐stage transient otoacoustic emissions in Turkey
Authors: MANSUR TATLI M. , BULENT SERBETCIOGLU M. , DUMAN NURAY , KUMRAL ABDULLAH , KIRKIM GUNAY , OGUN BASAK , ÖZKAN HASAN 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground: The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of hearing loss in neonates and evaluate the feasibility of a two‐stage Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (TEOAE) screening test. Maternal concerns about hearing screening were also studied.Methods: Neonatal intensive care patients and well babies were screened using a two‐stage TEOAE test, which was followed by an Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test for those babies who failed the first test twice.Results: In total, 711 neonates were screened. At the end of the two TEOAE tests, the cumulative pass rate was 99.3% and false–positive rate was 0.3%. Five neonates (0.7%) were referred for the ABR test. Sensorineural hearing loss was found in three of them (0.4%). Of these three neonates, one was from the well baby nursery and two were from the NICU population. Families generally welcomed the screening program, with no refusals. Positive test results have not caused important maternal concerns.Conclusions: Congenital hearing impairment is a prevalent disease in Turkey. The two‐stage TEOAE program is suitable for the neonatal hearing screening program. In general, hearing screening tests do not cause notable maternal concerns.
Ionized and total magnesium concentration in patients with severe preeclampsia‐eclampsia undergoing magnesium sulfate therapy
Authors: Aali Bibi Shahnaz , Khazaeli Payam , Ghasemi Fatemeh 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAim:  As ionized magnesium is the active form of magnesium and exerts a therapeutic effect, the present study was performed to determine the levels and correlations between ionized and total magnesium under baseline and therapeutic conditions in patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia receiving magnesium sulfate.Methods:  Fifty singleton patients with severe preeclampsia received a loading dose of 4 g of magnesium sulfate, followed by 2 g per hour as maintenance dose until 24 h after delivery, or 24 h after the last seizure in case of postpartum convulsions. Serial blood samples were taken before magnesium sulfate infusion, 30 min and 240 min after the initiation of the infusion and 4 h after the discontinuation of the drug. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA and paired t‐test.Results:  Baseline levels of total and ionized magnesium were 2.4 ± 0.6 mEq/L and 1.3 ± 0.5 mEq/L (mean ± SD), respectively. Putative level of 4 mEq/L of total magnesium was not obtained in up to 42% of patients during the treatment. There was not any significant correlation between the two forms of magnesium under baseline and therapeutic conditions.Conclusion:  Despite the effectiveness of the standard regimen of magnesium sulfate in the treatment and prevention of eclamptic seizures, it can not provide the proposed therapeutic level of magnesium in all patients. With respect to the lack of correlation between ionized and total magnesium, further studies are necessary to investigate the superiority of measurement of ionized, rather than total magnesium, for titration of therapeutic magnesium sulfate infusion.
Paclitaxel and carboplatin for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix
Authors: Tangjitgamol Siriwan , Manusirivithaya Sumonmal , Choomchuay Nantana , Leelahakorn Surawute , Thawaramara Thaowalai , Pataradool Kamol , Suekwatana Pacheun 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe prognosis of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the uterine cervix is generally poor despite multimodality of treatments. We report a case of advanced stage cervical LCNEC that showed definite response to paclitaxel/carboplatin, resulting in years of survival. The patient was referred to our institution after undergoing a simple hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy in her local hospital because of a ruptured metastatic ovarian mass. She declined pelvic radiation treatment, so adjuvant chemotherapy (six cycles of paclitaxel/carboplatin) was given for the residual pelvic nodal diseases. Clinical complete remission was obtained, with a disease‐free period of 19 months. Systemic recurrent diseases also showed partial response to the same drug regimen for months with only minimal toxicity. However, she subsequently had progressive diseases in the liver and brain and finally died at 44 months after primary diagnosis and 19 months after recurrent diseases.
Angiographic uterine artery embolization followed by immediate curettage: An efficient treatment for controlling heavy bleeding and avoiding recurrent bleeding in cervical pregnancy
Authors: Xu Bing , Wang Yan‐Kui , Zhang Yong‐Hua , Wang Song , Yang Ling , Dai Shu‐Zhen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractTwo cases of cervical pregnancy with heavy bleeding successfully treated by uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by immediate curettage are described in this report. Case 1 demonstrated intermittent bleeding after serious bleeding was successfully controlled by UAE. Serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) level rose remarkably after a short time decline. Transvaginal sonography consistently revealed a heterogeneous mass in the cervix. Repeated UAE followed by immediate curettage was performed and complete resolution was achieved. Case 2 was also successfully managed by UAE followed by immediate curettage after failure of medical treatment. This report suggests that UAE followed by immediate curettage is a safe and efficient procedure for controlling heavy bleeding and avoiding recurrent bleeding when fertility capacity is desired in cases of cervical pregnancy with fetal cardiac activity and high β‐hCG concentration.
Phonetic Typology and Positional Allophones for Alveolar Rhotics in Catalan
Authors: Recasens Daniel , Espinosa Aina 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
The present study reports electropalatographic and acoustic data on the positionaland contextual characteristics of alveolar taps and trills in Majorcan,Valencian and Eastern Catalan. The two consonant classes are invariably opposedby degree of tongue dorsum contact and F2, but only differentiated by place ofarticulation when constriction location for the trill is sufficiently retracted. Trillsare produced with less than three contacts and may exhibit a single contact inutterance-initial position and, less often, in /Cr, VrV/ sequences. Word-final and, toa lesser extent, preconsonantal rhotics are implemented as taps in Majorcan andValencian, and strengthened into trills in Eastern Catalan. Moreover, thereappears to be an inverse relationship between initial strengthening, and intervocalicweakening and the absence of syllable-final strengthening, for Valencianrhotics, which could be indicative of a pattern of intersegmental organization.Shortening and articulatory reduction turned out not to be necessarily related forextremely short Valencian taps, which undergo much undershoot intervocalicallybut are highly constricted in /Cɾ , rC/ sequences. Other research aspects suchas devoicing and intergestural timing for Catalan alveolar rhotics are alsoinvestigated.
An Estimation of Buoyancy Flux for a Mixture of Turbulence and Double Diffusion
Authors: Inoue Ryuichiro , Yamazaki Hidekatsu , Wolk Fabian , Kono Tokihiro , Yoshida Jiro 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Microstructure measurements were made in the Mixed Water Region of the Oyashio/Kuroshio/Tsugaru currents system where both turbulence and double diffusion are involved in mixing. While intense turbulence is observed near the front between the Oyashio and the Tsugaru Current, double diffusion occupies a noticeable fraction in both the Tsugaru Water and the Mixed Water between the Oyashio and the Kuroshio. After determining a criterion to distinguish double diffusion from turbulence, vertical diffusivities and buoyancy fluxes are estimated using microstructure data. When turbulence is weak, double diffusion is observed around temperature and salinity anomalies, partly due to interleaving, and dominates the buoyancy flux. Vertical diffusivities due to double diffusion are parameterized as a function of the 10-m-scale density ratio. The 10-m-scale diffusivity estimates are consistent with the microstructure data when an appropriate criterion to reproduce a probability density function for the Turner angle is applied. A weighted-average diffusivity model is proposed to account properly for turbulence and double diffusion simultaneously.
Creation of Fullerene-Based Artificial Photosynthetic Systems
Authors: Imahori Hiroshi 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Various porphyrin–fullerene-linked systems have been prepared to elucidate the intrinsic electron-transfer properties of fullerenes. Photodynamical studies on porphyrin–fullerene-linked systems showed that spherical fullerenes accelerated photoinduced electron transfer and charge-shift, but slowed down charge recombination, which is in sharp contrast with those of conventional planar acceptors such as quinones and imides. For the first time, it was shown that the unique electron-transfer properties result from the small reorganization energies of fullerenes arising from the delocalized π system on the sphere together with the rigid structure. The small reorganization energies make it possible to produce a long-lived charge-separated state with a high quantum yield in donor–fullerene systems. The finding also will allow us to construct light energy conversion systems as well as artificial photosynthetic models. Highly efficient photoinduced energy and electron transfer were achieved on gold and ITO electrodes modified with self-assembled monolayers of the porphyrin–fullerene-linked systems. We also developed dye-sensitized bulk heterojunction solar cell possessing both characteristics of dye-sensitized and bulk heterojunction solar cells. These results showed the advantages of fullerenes as electron acceptors in artificial photosynthetic model, photonic molecular devices and machines, and organic molecular electronics including solar cells.
Synthesis and Acid- or Base-Catalyzed Cyclization of Various 4-Pentyne-1,3-dione Derivatives
Authors: Kuroda Hirofumi , Izawa Hironori 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
4-Pentyne-1,3-dione derivatives having various substituents were conveniently synthesized from ynals and silyl enol ethers in two steps. The cyclization behaviors of the obtained 4-pentyne-1,3-diones were studied. γ-Pyrones and 3(2H)-furanones were obtained by cyclization in the presence of an acid or base as a catalyst. The selectivity of the cyclization was moderately influenced by the substituents at the acetylenic moiety.
Biosensor Analysis of β2-Glycoprotein I–Reactive Autoantibodies: Evidence for Isotype-Specific Binding and Differentiation of Pathogenic from Infection-Induced Antibodies
Authors: Metzger Jochen , von Landenberg Philipp , Kehrel Marcus , Buhl Alexander , Lackner Karl J , Luppa Peter B 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Background: For the laboratory diagnosis of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) we developed a biosensor with the ability to distinguish between disease-relevant anti-β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) autoantibodies (anti-β2GPI) and pathogen-specific β2GPI cross-reactive antibodies that occur transiently during infections.
Methods: We used a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor device. For the detection of anti-β2GPI in serum samples, affinity-purified human β2GPI was covalently attached to a functionalized n-alkanethiol self-assembling monolayer on the biosensor chip. After verifying the specificity of the biosensor system with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to β2GPI, we analyzed sera from healthy donors and patients suffering from APS, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), syphilis, or parvovirus B19 infections. The SPR results were compared with β2GPI-specific ELISA.
Results: Using the SPR biosensor, we recorded antigen binding curves with response levels in the range of 50–500, resonance units (RU) for anti-β2GPI ELISA-positive APS patient sera. The amplitudes of the antiphospholipid antibody (APL) responses in the biosensor correlated with the overall IgG and IgM anti-β2GPI ELISA titers with a correlation coefficient of 0.87. Moreover, we observed immunoglobulin isotype-specific association and dissociation profiles for APL binding of different APS patient sera to the biosensor-immobilized β2GPI. In contrast to APS patient samples, no significant anti-β2GPI binding (response levels &lt;35 RU) was observed in samples from healthy individuals or from patients suffering from SLE, syphilis, or parvovirus B19 infection.
Conclusions: The SPR biosensor system enables specific detection of APS-associated β2GPI-reactive APL and differentiation from β2GPI cross-reactive antibodies that occur frequently during acute infections. The established association/dissociation plot for anti-β2GPI responses in APS patient sera gives additional information regarding the influence of anti-β2GPI IgG and IgM isotype distribution.
Bone Formation Markers in Adults with Mild Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Cundy Tim , Horne Anne , Bolland Mark , Gamble Greg , Davidson James 
Published: April 2007

Abstract
Background: Plasma concentrations of procollagen peptides are decreased in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), whereas other bone formation markers may be increased. We examined the utility of combining these markers in the diagnosis of OI in adults.
Methods: We measured plasma concentrations of procollagen-1 N-peptide (P1NP), osteocalcin, and bone alkaline phosphatase in 24 patients with nondeforming OI, 25 patients with low bone mass due to other causes, and 38 age- and sex-matched controls. The discriminant ability of various test combinations was assessed by the construction of ROC curves.
Results: The median (range) ratio of osteocalcin to P1NP was significantly greater in patients with type I OI [1.75 (0.80–3.86)] than in controls [0.59 (0.34–0.90)] and patients with other causes of low bone mass [0.48 (0.05–1.38); P &lt;0.0001]. This ratio allowed nearly complete differentiation between healthy controls and patients with type I OI, but not patients with type IV OI. With a cutoff of 0.97 for osteocalcin:P1NP, the sensitivity and specificity were maximized at 95% (95% CI 76%–100%) and 88% (69%–97%), respectively, for patients with other causes of low bone mass vs those with type I OI only. For patients with other causes of low bone mass vs all OI patients, sensitivity and specificity were 83% (63%–95%) and 88% (69%–97%), respectively. The addition of bone alkaline phosphatase data did not improve the discriminant ability of the osteocalcin:P1NP ratio.
Conclusions: The osteocalcin:P1NP ratio is a sensitive and specific test for type I OI in adults, but it has less utility in the diagnosis of other types of nondeforming OI.
Skin Biopsy Detection of Phosphorylated α-Synuclein in Patients With Synucleinopathies
Authors: Gibbons Christopher H. , Levine Todd , Adler Charles , Bellaire Bailey , Wang Ningshan , Stohl Jade , Agarwal Pinky , Aldridge Georgina M. , Barboi Alexandru , Evidente Virgilio G. H. , Galasko Douglas , Geschwind Michael D. , Gonzalez-Duarte Alejandra , Gil Ramon , Gudesblatt Mark , Isaacson Stuart H. , Kaufmann Horacio , Khemani Pravin , Kumar Rajeev , Lamotte Guillaume , Liu Andy J. , McFarland Nikolaus R. , Miglis Mitchell , Reynolds Adam , Sahagian Gregory A. , Saint-Hillaire Marie-Helene , Schwartzbard Julie B. , Singer Wolfgang , Soileau Michael J. , Vernino Steven , Yerstein Oleg , Freeman Roy 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceFinding a reliable diagnostic biomarker for the disorders collectively known as synucleinopathies (Parkinson disease [PD], dementia with Lewy bodies [DLB], multiple system atrophy [MSA], and pure autonomic failure [PAF]) is an urgent unmet need. Immunohistochemical detection of cutaneous phosphorylated α-synuclein may be a sensitive and specific clinical test for the diagnosis of synucleinopathies.ObjectiveTo evaluate the positivity rate of cutaneous α-synuclein deposition in patients with PD, DLB, MSA, and PAF.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis blinded, 30-site, cross-sectional study of academic and community-based neurology practices conducted from February 2021 through March 2023 included patients aged 40 to 99 years with a clinical diagnosis of PD, DLB, MSA, or PAF based on clinical consensus criteria and confirmed by an expert review panel and control participants aged 40 to 99 years with no history of examination findings or symptoms suggestive of a synucleinopathy or neurodegenerative disease. All participants completed detailed neurologic examinations and disease-specific questionnaires and underwent skin biopsy for detection of phosphorylated α-synuclein. An expert review panel blinded to pathologic data determined the final participant diagnosis.ExposureSkin biopsy for detection of phosphorylated α-synuclein.Main OutcomesRates of detection of cutaneous α-synuclein in patients with PD, MSA, DLB, and PAF and controls without synucleinopathy.ResultsOf 428 enrolled participants, 343 were included in the primary analysis (mean [SD] age, 69.5 [9.1] years; 175 [51.0%] male); 223 met the consensus criteria for a synucleinopathy and 120 met criteria as controls after expert panel review. The proportions of individuals with cutaneous phosphorylated α-synuclein detected by skin biopsy were 92.7% (89 of 96) with PD, 98.2% (54 of 55) with MSA, 96.0% (48 of 50) with DLB, and 100% (22 of 22) with PAF; 3.3% (4 of 120) of controls had cutaneous phosphorylated α-synuclein detected.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, a high proportion of individuals meeting clinical consensus criteria for PD, DLB, MSA, and PAF had phosphorylated α-synuclein detected by skin biopsy. Further research is needed in unselected clinical populations to externally validate the findings and fully characterize the potential role of skin biopsy detection of phosphorylated α-synuclein in clinical care.
Adrenal-Permissive Germline HSD3B1 Allele and Prostate Cancer Outcomes
Authors: McKay Rana R. , Nelson Tyler J. , Pagadala Meghana S. , Teerlink Craig C. , Gao Anthony , Bryant Alex K. , Agiri Fatai Y. , Guram Kripa , Thompson Reid F. , Pridgen Kathryn M. , Seibert Tyler M. , Lee Kyung Min , Carter Hannah , Lynch Julie A. , Hauger Richard L. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceThe adrenal androgen–metabolizing 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 enzyme, encoded by the HSD3B1 gene, catalyzes the rate-limiting step necessary for synthesizing nontesticular testosterone and dihydrotestosterone production. The common adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) allele is responsible for encoding the 3β-HSD1 protein with decreased susceptibility to degradation resulting in higher extragonadal androgen synthesis. Retrospective studies have suggested an association of the HSD3B1 adrenal-permissive homozygous genotype with androgen deprivation therapy resistance in prostate cancer.ObjectiveTo evaluate differences in mortality outcomes by HSD3B1 genetic status among men with prostate cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study of patients with prostate cancer who were enrolled in the Million Veteran Program within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system between 2011 and 2023 collected genotyping and phenotyping information.ExposureHSD3B1 genotype status was categorized as AA (homozygous adrenal-restrictive), AC (heterozygous adrenal-restrictive), or CC (homozygous adrenal-permissive).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome of this study was prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM), defined as the time from diagnosis to death from prostate cancer, censored at the date of last VHA follow-up. Secondary outcomes included incidence of metastases and PCSM in predefined subgroups.ResultsOf the 5287 participants (median [IQR] age, 69 [64-74] years), 402 (7.6%) had the CC genotype, 1970 (37.3%) had the AC genotype, and 2915 (55.1%) had the AA genotype. Overall, the primary cause of death for 91 patients (1.7%) was prostate cancer. Cumulative incidence of PCSM at 5 years after prostate cancer diagnosis was higher among men with the CC genotype (4.0%; 95% CI, 1.7%-6.2%) compared with the AC genotype (2.1%; 95% CI, 1.3%-2.8%) and AA genotype (1.9%; 95% CI, 1.3%-2.4%) (P = .02). In the 619 patients who developed metastatic disease at any time, the cumulative incidence of PCSM at 5 years was higher among patients with the CC genotype (36.0%; 95% CI, 16.7%-50.8%) compared with the AC genotype (17.9%; 95% CI, 10.5%-24.7%) and AA genotype (18.5%; 95% CI, 12.0%-24.6%) (P = .01).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of US veterans undergoing treatment for prostate cancer at the VHA, the HSD3B1 CC genotype was associated with inferior outcomes. The HSD3B1 biomarker may help identify patients who may benefit from therapeutic targeting of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 and the androgen-signaling axis.
Recurrent ATP1A1 variant Gly903Arg causes developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism
Authors: Dohrn Maike F. , Bademci Guney , Rebelo Adriana P. , Jeanne Médéric , Borja Nicholas A. , Beijer Danique , Danzi Matt C. , Bivona Stephanie A. , Gueguen Paul , Zafeer Mohammad F. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Tekin Mustafa , Züchner Stephan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractATP1A1 encodes a sodium‐potassium ATPase that has been linked to several neurological diseases. Using exome and genome sequencing, we identified the heterozygous ATP1A1 variant NM_000701.8: c.2707G>A;p.(Gly903Arg) in two unrelated children presenting with delayed motor and speech development and autism. While absent in controls, the variant occurred de novo in one proband and co‐segregated in two affected half‐siblings, with mosaicism in the healthy mother. Using a specific ouabain resistance assay in mutant transfected HEK cells, we found significantly reduced cell viability. Demonstrating loss of ATPase function, we conclude that this novel variant is pathogenic, expanding the phenotype spectrum of ATP1A1.