bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Damsel in distress’‐ The tale of Miss Kerala, Puntius denisonii (Day), an endemic and endangered cyprinid of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot (South India)
Authors: Raghavan Rajeev , Prasad G. , Pereira Benno , Anvar Ali P.H. , Sujarittanonta L. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Denison's Barb, Puntius denisonii (Day) is an endemic and endangered cyprinid fish of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot in peninsular India, which is the focus of an organized yet undocumented fishery targeting juveniles for the international aquarium trade.
Research on P. denisonii has been very limited and there has been no systematic effort to assess and monitor their abundance, distribution and populations.
Anecdotal and circumstantial evidence indicates a highly restricted distribution, low abundance, declining populations, low catch per unit effort and increasing market prices, providing evidence of an impending conservation crisis and the need for urgent management of wild stocks.
This paper reviews current knowledge, provides results from the authors' field study and suggests priorities for conservation and management actions for P. denisonii in the streams of Kerala.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships between macro‐epibenthic communities and fish on the shelf grounds of the western Mediterranean
Authors: Ordines Francesc , Massutí Enric 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
The present study characterizes the macro‐epibenthic assemblages, and the relationships between demersal species and benthic habitats on the shelf trawl fishing grounds off the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean).
The data used were collected during experimental bottom trawl surveys from 2002 to 2005. A total of 157 samples from 38–255 m depth were analysed.
Three macro‐epibenthic assemblages were identified in both the shallow (at 38–91 m) and deep shelf (90–255 m). Macroalgae bathymetric distribution was identified as the main factor explaining the segregation between shallow and deep shelf assemblages.
Two especially sensitive habitats were identified: maërl and crinoid beds; a third habitat was identified as Peyssonnelia beds, which represented the highest biomass on the whole shelf, with a similar species richness to the maërl beds. On the deep shelf, crinoid beds represented the highest biomass.
Habitat type had a significant effect on the distribution of demersal commercial species, most of them being more abundant in the two sensitive habitats mentioned and in the Peyssonnelia beds. Some species showed size‐specific habitat preferences.
Fisheries management in the area should take into account the resilience of these benthic habitats, and their importance from both ecological and sustainable fisheries management perspectives.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Studies on Antidepressant and Anticonvulsant Activities of Some 3‐(2‐Thienyl)pyrazoline Derivatives
Authors: Ozdemir Zuhal , Kandilci H. Burak , Gumusel Bulent , Calis Unsal , Bilgin A. Altan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this study, the synthesis of twelve 3‐(2‐thienyl)pyrazoline derivatives are described. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by UV, IR, 1H‐NMR, mass spectral data, and microanalyses. In the pharmacological studies, antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities of these compounds have been screened. The antidepressant activities of the compounds were investigated by Porsolt's behavioral despair test (forced swimming) on albino mice and compared with tranylcypromine. Among the compounds examined, the compounds 9 and 12 showed significant antidepressant activity. Anticonvulsant activities of the compounds were determined by maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (metrazol) (scMet.) tests, neurotoxicities were determined by rotarod toxicity test on albino mice. Compound 8 was found to be protective against MES in the range of 30–300 mg/kg dose levels at four hours. None of the synthesized compounds showed neurotoxicity at 30–300 mg/kg dose levels.
Convenient Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New 3‐Substituted 5‐(Benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Bakr F. , Abdel‐Aziz Hatem A. , Ahmed Essam M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe reaction of ethyl 4‐(benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐2,4‐dioxobutanoate 2 with two moles of hydrazine hydrate afforded 5‐(benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carbohydrazide 4a, while its reaction with equimolar amount of phenylhydrazine gave ester 3b which then converted to 5‐(benzofuran‐2‐yl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carbohydrazide 4b. Various new compounds such as imides 5 and 6, acyl hydrazones 7 and 8, bi‐pyrazoles 9‐12, and 1,3‐thiazole derivatives 14 and 15 were prepared from carbohydrazide derivatives 4a, b. The new compounds are tested for their antimicrobial activity. Compounds 2, 5, 7, and 8 showed antifungal activities against C. albicans. Also, compounds 2, 6, 8, and 15 showed antibacterial activities.
Application of a lanthanide composite nanoparticle‐sensitized luminescence method for the determination of salicylic acid in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma
Authors: Karim Mohammad Mainul , Alam Seikh Mafiz , Lee Sang Hak 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTerbium‐acetylacetone (Tb–acac) composite nanoparticles were synthesized using the ultrasonic method. The nanoparticles are water‐soluble, stable and have extremely narrow emission bands and high internal quantum efficiencies. They were used as fluorimetric probes in the determination of salicylic acid (SA), based on the fluorescence enhancement of nanoparticles through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The influence of buffer solution was investigated. Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained over the SA concentration range 5 × 10–7–1 × 10–4 mol/L. The limit of detection was found to be 2.5 × 10–8 mol/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for six repeated measurements of 1 × 10–4 mol/LSA was 1.75%. The method was applied to the determination of SA in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. We believe that the proposed approach has great potential for clinical purposes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling and prediction of binding affinities between the human amphiphysin SH3 domain and its peptide ligands using genetic algorithm‐Gaussian processes
Authors: Zhou Peng , Tian Feifei , Chen Xiang , Shang Zhicai 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this article, we discuss the application of the Gaussian process (GP) and other statistical methods (PLS, ANN, and SVM) for the modeling and prediction of binding affinities between the human amphiphysin SH3 domain and its peptide ligands. Divided physicochemical property scores of amino acids, involving significant hydrogen bond, electronic, hydrophobic, and steric properties, was used to characterize the peptide structures, and quantitative structure‐affinity relationship models were then constructed by PLS, ANN, SVM, and GP coupled with genetic algorithm‐variable selection. The results show that: (i) since the significant flexibility and high complexity possessed in polypeptide structures, linear PLS method was incapable of fulfilling a satisfying behavior on SH3 domain binding peptide dataset; (ii) the overfitting involved in training process has decreased the predictive power of ANN model to some extent; (iii) both SVM and GP have a good performance for SH3 domain binding peptide dataset. Moreover, by combining linear and nonlinear terms in the covariance function, the GP is capable of handling linear and nonlinear‐hybrid relationship, and which thus obtained a more stable and predictable model than SVM. Analyses of GP models showed that diversified properties contribute remarkable effect to the interactions between the SH3 domain and the peptides. Particularly, steric property and hydrophobicity of P2, electronic property of P0, and electronic property and hydrogen bond property of P−3in decapeptide (P4P3P2P1P0P−1P−2P−3P−4P−5) significantly contribute to the binding affinities of SH3 domain‐peptide interactions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 90:792‐802, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Molecular interactions of isoxazolcurcumin with human serum albumin: Spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies
Authors: Sahoo Bijaya Ketan , Ghosh Kalyan Sundar , Dasgupta Swagata 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCurcumin is a nontoxic natural product with diverse pharmacological potencies. We report the interaction of a potent synthetic derivative of curcumin, isoxazolcurcumin (IOC) with human serum albumin (HSA) using various biophysical methods. The observed fluorescence quenching of HSA by IOC is due to a complex formation by a static quenching process with a quenching constant of the order of 105M−1. The binding affinity and the number of binding sites were obtained from a Scatchard analysis. Thermodynamics reveals that the interaction is entropy driven with predominantly hydrophobic forces. From the observed Förster‐type fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), the donor (Trp 214 in HSA) to acceptor (IOC) distance is calculated to be 3.2 nm. The conformational changes of HSA due to the interaction were investigated qualitatively from synchronous fluorescence spectra along with a quantitative estimation of the secondary structure from Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies. Molecular docking studies were performed to obtain information on the possible residues involved in the interaction process, and changes in accessible surface area of the interacting residues were calculated. The preferred binding site of IOC was analyzed by ligand displacement experiments with 1‐anilino‐8‐naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) and warfarin‐bound HSA. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 108–119, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Beyond the nearest‐neighbor Zimm–Bragg model for helix‐coil transition in peptides
Authors: Murza Adrian , Kubelka Jan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe nearest‐neighbor (μ = 1) variant of the Zimm and Bragg (ZB) model has been extensively used to describe the helix‐coil transition in biopolymers. In this work, we investigate the helix‐coil transition for a 21‐residue alanine peptide (AP) with the ZB model up to fourth nearest neighbor (μ = 1, 2, 3, and 4). We use a matrix approach that takes into account combinations of any number of helical stretches of any length and therefore gives the exact statistical weight of the chain within the assumptions of the ZB model. The parameters of the model are determined by fitting the temperature‐dependent circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared experimental spectra of the AP. All variants of the model fit the experimental data, thus giving similar results in terms of the macroscopic observables, such as temperature‐dependent fractional helicity. However, the resulting microscopic parameters, such as distributions of the individual residue helical probabilities and free energy surfaces, vary significantly depending on the variant of the model. Overall, the mean residue enthalpy and entropy (in the absolute value) both increase with μ, but combined yield essentially the same “effective” value of the ZB propagation parameters for all μ. Greater helical probabilities for individual residues are predicted for larger μ, in particular, near the center of the sequence. The ZB nucleation parameters increase with increasing μ, which results in a lower free energy barrier to helix nucleation and lower apparent “cooperativity” of the transition. The significance of the long‐range interactions for the predictions of ZB model for helix‐coil transition, the calculated model parameters and the limitations of the model are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 120–131, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Optimizing high‐performance liquid chromatography method for quantification of glucosamine using 6‐aminoquinolyl‐N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate derivatization in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Wang Xianhuo , Chen Xiang , Chen Lijuan , Wang Biqin , Peng Cheng , He Chunmei , Tang Minghai , Zhang Fan , Hu Jia , Li Rui , Zhao Xia , Wei Yuquan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA sensitive and reliable HPLC method with fluorescence detection based on the precolumn derivatization of glucosamine with 6‐aminoquinolyl–N–hydroxylsuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) was established for the quantitative determination of glucosamine in rat plasma. The plasma protein was precipitated by acetonitrile, followed by vortex mixing and centrifugation. The supernatant was divided into the organic layer and aqueous layer by adding sodium chloride, and then the aqueous layer was derivatized with AQC in 0.2mborate buffer of pH 8.8 before the HPLC analysis. An amino acid analysis column (3.9 × 150 mm, 4 µm) was applied, with 140 mmsodium acetate buffer (pH = 5.25) and acetonitrile as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. A linear correlation coefficient of 0.9987 was calculated within the range of 0.1–30 µg/mL of the standard curve for glucosamine. The limit of detection was 30 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (as RSD) were less than 7.38 and 12.72%, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy ranged from 91.8 to 110.0%. Extraction recoveries of glucosamine in plasma were more than 90%. The validated method was successfully applied for the quantitative determination of glucosamine in rat plasma and evaluation for pharmacokinetic study of glucosamine. It was also possible to be applied for the quantitative determination of other compounds containing amino group in biological samples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐performance liquid chromatography determination of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by indirect fluorescence detection
Authors: Al‐Kindy Salma M. , Miller James N. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the analysis of nitrated polcyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) is reported. NPAH mixtures were pre‐concentrated using solid‐phase extraction and well resolved on a C18 column. They were detected using an indirect method involving the quenching of the emission from the fluorophores 5,6,7,8‐tetrahydronaphthol (5,6,7,8‐THN‐1‐OH), 7‐amino‐4‐methyl coumarin (Coumarin 120, COU‐120) and 3‐hydroxy‐4‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐sulfo‐1‐naphthylazo)2‐naphthalene carboxylic acid (Calcon carboxylic acid, CCA). Linear calibration curves were obtained in the range 1.1 × 10−9 to 1.1 × 10−8 mol/L. Using COU 120 as the fluorophore, the detection limit was 2.9 × 10−10 mol/L for 1‐nitronaphthalene and 2.1 × 10−11 mol/L for 2‐nitrofluorene. Recoveries of NPAHs from spiked tap water samples were between 88 and 100%. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of serotonin, melatonin and metabolites in gastrointestinal tissue using high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection
Authors: Chau Rosanna M. W. , Patel Bhavik Anil 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this paper we show a simple isocratic chromatographic method for the detection of serotonin and its precursors and metabolites from various types of gastrointestinal tissue. The paper measures for the first time basal measurements of melatonin in the gastrointestinal tract, which has recently been shown to be released from the musosal lining of the gut. Tissue samples were stable following sample preparation in either 0.1 m perchloric acid or mobile phase. Analysis was carried out using a mobile phase consisting of 10% acetonitrile–90% acetate acid buffer pH 4.0 with 2 mm decane–sulfonic acid sodium salt at a column temperature of 50°C. Electrochemical detection was utilized at a potential of +850 mV vs Ag/AgCl reference electrode at 10 µA full‐scale deflection. The detection limit of 5‐HT and melatonin was 241 and 308 nm respectively for a 10 µL injection. As a result of the method optimization, total analysis was reduced to 30 min. Accurate responses of the tissue samples following sample preparation could be obtained following a week after storage at –80°C. This method is capable of preparing and analysing of samples from all regions of the gastrointestinal tract. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparative isolation and purification of alkannin/shikonin derivatives from natural products by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography
Authors: Assimopoulou Andreana N. , Sturm Sonja , Stuppner Hermann , Papageorgiou Vassilios P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAlkannin and shikonin (A/S) and their derivatives have been found in the roots of several Boraginaceous species and are also produced through plant tissue cultures. The chiral compounds A/S are potent pharmaceutical substances with a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities like wound healing, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activity. High‐speed counter‐current chromatography (HSCCC) was applied for the first time to the separation, preparative isolation and purification of A/S and their esters from extracts of Alkanna tinctoria roots, as well as commercial samples. The constituents of HSCCC fractions and their purity were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD‐MS), since DAD cannot detect oligomeric A/S derivatives that are present in most of the samples containing the respective monomeric derivatives. The purity of HSCCC fractions was compared with the one of fractions isolated by column chromatography (CC) using as stationary phases silica gel and Sephadex LH‐20. As shown, the purity of monomeric alkannin/shikonin was greater by HSCCC than CC separation of commercial A/S samples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid chromatographic method for the determination of sirolimus in blood using electrochemical detection
Authors: Mochizuki Nobuo , Suka Etsuko , Matsumoto Kunihiro , Akimoto Osamu , Ohno Keiko , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Furukawa Hiroyuki , Todo Satoru , Kishino Satoshi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTherapeutic drug monitoring of sirolimus (rapamycin) is important for immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation. We have developed a simple and reliable method for determining blood concentrations of sirolimus using reversed‐phase HPLC with electrochemical detection (ECD). The E2potential was set at +900 mV. The potential of guard cell was set at +950 mV and that of the E1cell at +400 mV. The method was linear for a concentration range of 1–50 ng/mL when 0.5 mL blood was used. The correlation coefficients of all standard curves were greater than or equal to 0.999. The limit of detection was 0.5 ng/mL. The inter‐assay precision ranged from 3.22 to 7.48%, and the coefficient of variation (CV) for a quality control sample at 10 ng/mL was 7.48% with a bias of 8.4% from the target value. The intra‐assay precision ranged from 0.72 to 3.71%, and the CV for a quality control sample at 10 ng/mL was 0.72% with a bias of 6.8% from the target value. In a solid organ transplant recipient, trough concentrations of sirolimus were well within the analytic range of the HPLC/ECD procedure. The method described here is suitable for management of sirolimus therapy in solid organ transplantation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Method validation for measurement of hair nicotine level in nonsmokers
Authors: Kim Sung Roul , Wipfli Heather , Avila‐Tang Erika , Samet Jonathan M. , Breysse Patrick N. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe development of strategies to address the growing worldwide burden of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) would be facilitated by sensitive and accurate methods for assessing SHS exposure. Hair provides a readily available matrix for assessing biomarkers of typical SHS exposure. We developed and applied an optimized analytical method using an isotope dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for hair nicotine measurement. The utility of this optimized method is illustrated by presenting data on SHS exposure of women and children from 31 countries. Using this isotope dilution method with spiked samples (3.3 ng/mg), we found that the greatest hair nicotine extraction efficiency was obtained with a 60 min shaking time. In the field study (n = 2400), a positive association was evident between hair nicotine concentrations from nonsmokers and higher numbers of cigarettes smoked per day in a household. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of 1‐Aminohydantoin in urine specimens
Authors: Xu Yi Ping , Liu Li Qiang , Li Qiu Shen , Peng Chi Fang , Chen Wei , Xu Chuan Lai 
Published: September 2008

AbstractA rapid immunochromatographic assay was developed and validated for detection of 1‐aminohydantoin (AHD) in urine specimens. Colloidal gold‐labeled polyclonal antibody specific to AHD derivative was used as the marker; based on the competitive reactivity theory, the metabolite of nitrofurantoin after derivatization with benzaldehyde would compete with carboxyphenyl AHD derivative‐conjugated ovalbumin. The test strip could efficaciously detect the novel analyte with a visual detection limit of 10 ng mL−1 and high specificity. The reliability of the assay was determined by testing 80 standard samples comparing with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The semi‐quantitative detection was accomplished in less than 15 min with low cost, especially for requirements of rapid and simple screening. This is the first publication of an immunochromatographic assay for detection of nitrofuran residues. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anatomical development of urinary bladder during the fetal period
Authors: Sulak O. , Cankara N. , Malas M.A. , Koyuncu E. , Desdicioglu K. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the development, location, and size of the urinary bladder during the fetal period. The study was performed on 149 human fetuses between 9 and 40 weeks of gestation. The location of the urinary bladder with respect to transverse plane between the highest point of pubic symphysis and the sacral promontory and median sagittal plane was first determined. The dimensions and the angle of the urinary bladder were measured, and bladder shapes were determined. In addition, the edges of the vesical trigone were measured. There was no significant difference between sexes for any of the parameters (P > 0.05). A significant correlation was observed between all parameters and gestational age (P < 0.001). The urinary bladder was located above the transverse plane in most of the cases (83%) and in the median sagittal plane in every case. It was determined that the angle of bladder did not change and the mean value of the angle was 151° during the fetal period. Bladder was categorized into four different shapes (ellipsoid, round, cuboid, and triangular), and the most common shape found during the fetal period was cuboid. The vesical trigone was an isosceles triangle during the fetal period. The new data provided by this study will enable evaluation of the development of the fetal urinary bladder, and should be useful in several fields such as anatomy, fetopathology, medical imaging, obstetrics, and pediatric urology. Clin. Anat. 21:683–690, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.