bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of the transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: A population‐based study
Authors: Zheng Wenshuai , Liu Mingjuan , Guan Lixun , Wang Shenyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundHistological transformation (HT) to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common complication of follicular lymphoma (FL) and is usually associated with a dismal outcome. However, the survival rate of these patients has improved over the last 20 years with the introduction of rituximab. This study aimed to access the outcome of transformation to DLBCL (t‐DLBCL) from FL in a retrospective series that began after the widespread use of rituximab use. In addition, we also compared survival between t‐DLBCL and primary DLBCL (p‐DLBCL) in the same timeframe.MethodsWe utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify patients with primary FL and patients with p‐DLBCL between 2000 and 2020. Patients who had a subsequent diagnosis of DLBCL at least 2 months after FL diagnosis were identified as t‐DLBCL.ResultsFinally, we identified 50,332 FL and 95,933 p‐DLBCL. With a median follow‐up of 119 months, 1631 patients developed t‐DLBCL. The median time from FL diagnosis to t‐DLBCL was approximately 4 years. The post‐transformation survival (PTS) rate at 5 years was 49.6%, with a median PTS of 56 months. Older age, advanced stage, and early transformation were associated with worse PTS. Furthermore, t‐DLBCL receiving chemotherapy or combined modality as initial therapy before HT was also associated with worse PTS, while the result was inverse when taking the impact of initial management strategy at HT into account. Taking t‐DLBCL and p‐DLBCL as a whole, comparable survival was observed between p‐DLBCL and t‐DLBCL receiving radiation or watch‐and‐wait as initial therapy prior to HT.ConclusionThe outcome of t‐DLBCL in the rituximab era was better than historical series before the rituximab era. Due to the good prognosis, we did not recommend autologous stem cell transplantation for t‐DLBCL receiving watch‐and‐wait or radiation as initial therapy before HT.
Surufatinib combined with transarterial embolization versus surufatinib monotherapy in patients with liver metastatic neuroendocrine tumors: Study protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Li Ruizhen , Li Xiaofen , You Xin , Su Minggang , Liu Yuzhi , Ke Nengwen , Cao Dan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMore than half of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) patients will experience liver metastasis, and interventional therapy represented by transarterial embolization (TAE) is the main local treatment method. Surufatinib is recommended as a standard systemic treatment for advanced NETs. The efficacy and safety of surufatinib combined with TAE in the treatment of liver metastasis are undetermined. This study was conducted to compare the clinical outcome of surufatinib combined with TAE versus surufatinib monotherapy in liver metastatic NETs.MethodsThis is a prospective, multicenter, open‐label, and randomized controlled trial. Patients diagnosed with liver metastatic NETs will be enrolled. Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the experimental group or the control group. Patients will be treated with surufatinib plus TAE in the experimental group, while patients in the control group will receive surufatinib monotherapy. The primary endpoint is progression‐free survival (PFS) assessed by a blinded independent image review committee (BIIRC). The secondary endpoints are investigator‐assessed PFS, liver‐specific objective response rate (ORR), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and incidence of adverse events.DiscussionThis is the first prospective study to investigate the efficacy of surufatinib combined with TAE. We expect this trial to propose a new and effective treatment strategy for liver metastatic NETs.
Off‐label prescribing of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy at a single pediatric cancer center
Authors: Gikandi Ajami , Chi Susan N. , Yeo Kee Kiat , O'Neill Allison F. , Shulman David S. , DuBois Steven G. , Collins Natalie B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved outcomes in a variety of adult cancers and are prescribed with increasing frequency across oncology. However, patterns of off‐label use of ICI in pediatrics remain unclear.MethodsThis is a single‐institution, retrospective cohort study evaluating off‐label ICI use in pediatric and young adult patients with cancer treated at our institution from 2014 to 2022. Response was based on clinician assessment derived from clinical records. Immune‐related adverse events (iRAEs) were classified according to CTCAE v5.0.ResultsWe identified 50 unique patients treated with off‐label ICI (28 with solid tumors, 20 with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, 2 with hematologic malignancies). At time of ICI initiation, only five patients (10%) had localized disease, and all but one patient was treated in the relapsed/refractory setting. All patients were treated with the FDA‐approved weight‐based dosing recommendations. Overall, there was disease control in 21 patients (42%), with best response including one complete response (melanoma), two partial responses (high‐grade glioma, CNS nongerminomatous germ cell tumor), and 18 patients with stable disease. Forty‐four patients (88%) eventually experienced disease progression. Among 22 patients (44%) experiencing iRAEs, 10 (20%) had a grade ≥3 irAE, 12 (24%) required corticosteroids, and 14 (28%) required ICI discontinuation. irAE occurrence was associated with significantly improved progression‐free survival (HR 0.35; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.68; p = 0.002) and overall survival (HR 0.33; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.66; p = 0.002).ConclusionsAt our institution, ICI was most commonly prescribed in the relapsed/refractory setting to patients with metastatic disease. The treatment was generally well‐tolerated in the pediatric population. The overall response rate was low, and the majority of patients eventually experienced disease progression. A few patients, however, had durable treatment responses. Further studies are needed to identify which pediatric patients are most likely to benefit from ICI.
Impact of immune‐related adverse events on survival outcomes in extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Nishimura Tadashi , Fujimoto Hajime , Fujiwara Takumi , Ito Kentaro , Fujiwara Atsushi , Yuda Hisamichi , Itani Hidetoshi , Naito Masahiro , Kodama Shuji , Furuhashi Kazuki , Yagi Akihiko , Saiki Haruko , Yasuma Taro , Okano Tomohito , Tomaru Atsushi , Tanigawa Motoaki , Yoshida Masamichi , Hataji Osamu , Ibata Hidenori , D'Alessandro‐Gabazza Corina N. , Gabazza Esteban C. , Kobayashi Tetsu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors have recently become the standard of care in the first‐line treatment of extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer. Although immune‐related adverse events have been reported to influence prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer patients, few studies have investigated the prognostic value of immune‐related adverse events in small cell lung cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated the prognosis of patients who developed immune‐related adverse events after first‐line treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor‐based chemotherapy for extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer.MethodsWe enrolled 90 patients with extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer who received immune checkpoint inhibitor‐based chemotherapy as first‐line treatment from September 2019 to December 2022 in six hospitals in Japan. The patients were categorized into groups with and without immune‐related adverse events.ResultsThere were 23 patients with and 67 without immune‐related adverse events. Seventeen patients had grade 1–2 immune‐related adverse events, and nine (including overlapping cases) had grade ≥3. The most frequent immune‐related adverse event was a skin rash. The median survival time was 22 months in patients with immune‐related adverse events and 9.3 months in patients without immune‐related adverse events. The hazard ratio was 0.40 (95% confidence interval: 0.19–0.83, p = 0.013).ConclusionsThe results of this study show that immune‐related adverse events are associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer.
Respiratory distress in a neonate: Inflation of a third branchial anomaly with positive airway pressure
Authors: Li Chantal , Siu Jennifer M. , Woodward Mary‐Angela , Wolter Nikolaus E. 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessagePositive airway pressure from noninvasive ventilation is an essential tool for many pediatric patients with respiratory distress. We present a case of an unknown third branchial anomaly that was diagnosed following inflation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which exacerbated the infant's respiratory distress.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis complicated by infectious mononucleosis caused by cytomegalovirus
Authors: Ide Noriko , Hirata Risa , Motomura So , Tago Masaki 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageWhen seeing patients who present with atypical lymphocytes and abdominal pain without accompanying symptoms of pharyngitis or lymphadenopathy, acalculous cholecystitis caused by CMV infection should be considered as a differential diagnosis.AbstractA teenage man presented with a fever and epigastric pain. The patient tested positive for cytomegalovirus IgG and IgM. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast‐enhanced CT revealed hepatosplenomegaly and gallbladder wall thickening. MRI did not identify gallstones or tumorous lesions. He was diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis and acalculous cholecystitis caused by cytomegalovirus.
Understanding the Remarkable Stability of Well‐Defined Dinuclear Copper(I) Carbene Complexes
Authors: Bienenmann Roel L. M. , de Vries Marianne R. , Lutz Martin , Broere Daniël L. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of a well‐defined dicopper carbene complex supported by the PNNP (2,7‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphaneyl)methyl‐1,8‐naphthyridine) expanded pincer ligand is reported. This carbene complex is remarkably stable, even in the presence of air and water. The reactivity of this complex was explored towards typical carbene transfer substrates and its electronic structure was investigated. Using a combination of experiments and DFT calculations, the principles that underly the stability of dinuclear carbene complexes are probed.
Directly‐Fused Ni(II)Porphyrin Conjugated Polymers with Blocked meso‐Positions: Impact on Electrocatalytic Properties
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Ghahramanzadehasl Hadi , Cardenas‐Morcoso Drialys , Desport Jessica , Frache Gilles , Bengasi Giuseppe , Boscher Nicolas D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe oxidative coupling reaction of two Ni(II) porphyrins meso‐substituted with three and four phenyl groups, Ni(II) 5,10,15‐(triphenyl)porphyrin (NiPh3P) and Ni(II) 5,10,15,20‐(tetraphenyl)porphyrin (NiPh4P) respectively, was investigated in a oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) process. Irrespective of the number of meso‐substituents, high‐resolution mass spectrometry evidences the formation of oligomeric species containing up to five porphyrin units. UV‐Vis‐NIR and XPS analyses of the oCVD films highlighted a strong dependence of the intermolecular coupling reaction with the substrate temperature. Specifically, higher substrate temperatures yield lowering of valence band maxima and reduction of the band gap. The formation of conjugated polymeric assemblies results in increased conductivities as compared to their sublimed counterparts. Yet, electrocatalytic measurements exhibit water oxidation onset overpotentials (308 mV for pNiPh3P and 343 mV for pNiPh4P) comparatively higher than the onset overpotential measured for the oCVD film from Ni(II) 5,15‐(diphenyl)porphyrin (pNiPh2P), i. e. 283 mV. Although DFT and comparative oCVD studies suggest the formation of directly fused porphyrins involving ‘phenyl‐mediated’ and β‐β linkages when reacting tetra‐meso‐substituted porphyrins, the present findings highlight that multiple direct fusion (β‐β/meso‐meso/β‐β or meso‐β/β‐meso) is essential for Ni(II) porphyrin‐based conjugated polymers to enable a dinuclear radical oxo‐coupling operating mechanism for water oxidation at low overpotential and durable catalytic activity.
Structural Chemistry of Titanium (IV) Oxo Clusters, Part 2: Clusters without Carboxylate or Phosphonate Ligands
Authors: Schubert Ulrich , Stöger Berthold 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHomometallic titanium oxo clusters (TOC) are one of the most important groups of metal oxo clusters. In a previous article, TOC structures with carboxylato and phosphonato ligands were reviewed and categorized. This work is now extended to clusters with other ligands. Comparison of the different cluster types shows how the interplay between condensation of the titanium polyhedra by means of bridging oxygen atoms and the coordination characteristics of the ligands influences the cluster structures and allows working out basic construction principles of the cluster core.
Continuous Kolbe Electrolysis Using an Electrochemical Microreactor, Product Separation, and Electrolyte Recycling
Authors: Baumgarten Nils , Etzold Bastian J. M. , Löb Patrick , Magomajew Juri , Ziogas Athanassios 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith our electrochemical microreactor and the use of an aqueous electrolyte it was possible to realize continuous Kolbe electrolysis including separation of the organic product phase, recycling of the aqueous electrolyte, and automated reconcentration of fatty acids based on inline Raman measurements. Electrolysis experiments revealed that the addition of aqueous KOH is essential to decrease the KHCO3 concentration and to stabilize the pH value of the electrolyte. Stable conversion (63–58 %) and Kolbe selectivity (90–92 %) could be achieved within 75 min. Removal of KHCO3 before reconcentration was provided as possible solution to maintain performance for increased electrolysis times.
BF3 Complexing Phosphate/Phosphonate Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Characterization and Thermophysical Properties
Authors: Zeng Ji‐Jun , Liao Yuan‐Hao , An Yu , Zhao Bo , Tang Xiao‐Bo , Han Sheng , Zhang Wei , Lu Jian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA new group of BF3 complexing phosphate/phosphonate ionic liquids (ILs) [Emim][X(BF3)2] (X=dimethyl phosphate, diethyl phosphate, methyl phosphonate, and ethyl phosphonate) were synthesized and characterized. Key thermophysical properties of the new complex ionic liquids, including density, viscosity, conductivity, surface tension, solid‐liquid phase transition, and thermal stability were determined and compared with those of [Emim][X]. Some other important thermophysical properties such as isobaric thermal expansion coefficient, molecular volume, standard molar entropy, and lattice potential energy were obtained from measured density data, and the free volume was estimated by a linear equation presented in this article, while critical temperature, normal boiling temperature, and enthalpy of vaporization were estimated from measured surface tension and density data. Furthermore, Fragility study shows that [Emim][X(BF3)2] should be considered as fragile liquids, while [Emim][X] could be considered as extremely fragile liquids. The ionicity of [Emim][X(BF3)2] was predicted by Walden rule, and the result shows that these ILs fit well with Walden law. The key features of these complex ILs are their extremely low glass transition (−95.33~−98.46 °C) without melting, considerably low viscosities (33.876~58.117 mPa ⋅ s), and high values of free volume fraction (comparable to [Omim][BF4], [Emim][NTf2], and [Emim][TCB]).
Low‐lying Negative Ion States Probed in Potassium – Ethanol Collisions
Authors: Lozano Ana Isabel , Kumar Sarvesh , Pereira Pedro J. S. , Kerkeni Boutheïna , García Gustavo , Limão‐Vieira Paulo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDissociative electron transfer in collisions between neutral potassium atoms and neutral ethanol molecules yields mainly OH−, followed by C2H5O−, O−, CH3− and CH2−. The dynamics of negative ions have been investigated by recording time‐of‐flight mass spectra in a wide range of collision energies from 17.5 to 350 eV in the lab frame, where the branching ratios show a relevant energy dependence for low/intermediate collision energies. The dominant fragmentation channel in the whole energy range investigated has been assigned to the hydroxyl anion in contrast to oxygen anion from dissociative electron attachment (DEA) experiments. This result shows the relevant role of the electron donor in the vicinity of the temporary negative ion formed allowing access to reactions which are not thermodynamically attained in DEA experiments. The electronic state spectroscopy of such negative ions, was obtained from potassium cation energy loss spectra in the forward scattering direction at 205 eV impact energy, showing a prevalent Feshbach resonance at 9.36±0.10 eV with
character, while a less pronounced
contribution assigned to a shape resonance has been obtained at 3.16±0.10 eV. Quantum chemical calculations for the lowest‐lying unoccupied molecular orbitals in the presence of a potassium atom have been performed to support the experimental findings.
Implications of Defect Density and Polymer Interactions for CO2 Capture on Amine‐Functionalized MIL‐101(Cr)
Authors: Yang Rachel A. , Cho Stanley , Hughes Sydney N. , Sarazen Michele L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRising anthropogenic carbon emissions have dire environmental consequences, necessitating remediative approaches, which includes use of solid sorbents. Here, aminopolymers (poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and poly(propylene imine) (PPI)) are supported within solid mesoporous MIL‐101(Cr) to examine effects of support defect density on aminopolymer‐MOF interactions for CO2 uptake and stability during uptake‐regeneration cycles. Using simulated flue gas (10 % CO2 in He), MIL‐101(Cr)‐ρhigh (higher defect density) shows 33 % higher uptake capacity per gram adsorbent than MIL‐101(Cr)‐ρlow (lower defect density) at 308 K, consistent with increased availability of undercoordinated Cr adsorption sites at missing linker defects. Increasing aminopolymer weight loadings (10–50 wt.%) within MIL‐101(Cr)‐ρlow and MIL‐101(Cr)‐ρhigh increases amine efficiencies and CO2 uptake capacities relative to bare MOFs, though both incur CO2 diffusion limitations through confined, viscous polymer phases at higher (40–50 wt.%) loadings. Benchmarked against SBA‐15, lower polymer packing densities (PPI>PEI), weaker and less abundant van der Waals interactions between aminopolymers and pore walls, and open framework topology increase amine efficiencies. Interactions between amines and Cr defect sites incur amine efficiency losses but grant higher thermal and oxidative stability during uptake‐regeneration cycling. Finally, >25 % higher CO2 uptake capacities are achieved for aminopolymer/MIL‐101(Cr)‐ρhigh under humid conditions, demonstrating promise for realistic applications.
Effectiveness of population‐based recovery actions for threatened southern mountain caribou
Authors: Lamb Clayton T. , Williams Sara , Boutin Stan , Bridger Michael , Cichowski Deborah , Cornhill Kristina , DeMars Craig , Dickie Melanie , Ernst Bevan , Ford Adam , Gillingham Michael P. , Greene Laura , Heard Douglas C. , Hebblewhite Mark , Hervieux Dave , Klaczek Mike , McLellan Bruce N. , McNay R. Scott , Neufeld Lalenia , Nobert Barry , Nowak J. Joshua , Pelletier Agnès , Reid Aaron , Roberts Anne‐Marie , Russell Mike , Seip Dale , Seip Caroline , Shores Carolyn , Steenweg Robin , White Shane , Wittmer Heiko U. , Wong Mark , Zimmerman Kathryn L. , Serrouya Robert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHabitat loss is affecting many species, including the southern mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) population in western North America. Over the last half century, this threatened caribou population's range and abundance have dramatically contracted. An integrated population model was used to analyze 51 years (1973–2023) of demographic data from 40 southern mountain caribou subpopulations to assess the effectiveness of population‐based recovery actions at increasing population growth. Reducing potential limiting factors on threatened caribou populations offered a rare opportunity to identify the causes of decline and assess methods of recovery. Southern mountain caribou abundance declined by 51% between 1991 and 2023, and 37% of subpopulations were functionally extirpated. Wolf reduction was the only recovery action that consistently increased population growth when applied in isolation, and combinations of wolf reductions with maternal penning or supplemental feeding provided rapid growth but were applied to only four subpopulations. As of 2023, recovery actions have increased the abundance of southern mountain caribou by 52%, compared to a simulation with no interventions. When predation pressure was reduced, rapid population growth was observed, even under contemporary climate change and high levels of habitat loss. Unless predation is reduced, caribou subpopulations will continue to be extirpated well before habitat conservation and restoration can become effective.
Wolbachia infection status and molecular diversity in the species of tribe Tagiadini Mabille, 1878 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) collected in China
Authors: Wei Xiaoying , Zhu Jianqing , Hoffmann Ary A. , Jia Jiqin , Xiao Mengqi , Duan Feiyu , Zhang Yimin , Zhong Huimin , Ge Jingyan , Yu Weidong , Zhang Lei , Jiang Weibin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWolbachia, one of the most ubiquitous heritable symbionts in lepidopteran insects, can cause mitochondrial introgression in related host species. We recently found mito‐nuclear discordance in the Lepidopteran tribe Tagiadini Mabille 1878 from which Wolbachia has not been reported. In this study, we found that 13 of the 46 species of Tagiadini species tested were positive for Wolbachia. Overall, 14% (15/110) of Tagiadini specimens were infected with Wolbachia and nine new STs were found from 15 isolates. A co‐phylogenetic comparison, divergence time estimation and Wolbachia recombination analysis revealed that mito‐nuclear discordance in Tagiadini species is not mediated by Wolbachia, but Wolbachia acquisition in Tagiadini appears to have occurred mainly through horizontal transmission rather than codivergence.