bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximation and Interpolation of Singular Measures by Trigonometric Polynomials
Authors: Catala Paul , Hockmann Mathias , Kunis Stefan , Wageringel Markus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComplex valued measures of finite total variation are a powerful signal model in many applications. Restricting to the d-dimensional torus, finitely supported measures can be exactly recovered from their trigonometric moments up to some order if this order is large enough. Here, we consider the approximation of general measures, e.g., supported on a curve, by trigonometric polynomials of fixed degree with respect to the 1-Wasserstein distance. We prove sharp lower bounds for their best approximation and (almost) matching upper bounds for effectively computable approximations when the trigonometric moments of the measure are known. A second class of sum of squares polynomials is shown to interpolate the indicator function on the support of the measure and to converge to zero outside.
Determining N2O and N2 fluxes in relation to winter wheat and sugar beet growth and development using the improved 15N gas flux method on the field scale
Authors: Eckei Jonas , Well Reinhard , Maier Martin , Matson Amanda , Dittert Klaus , Rummel Pauline Sophie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe objectives of this field trial were to collect reliable measurement data on N2 emissions and N2O/(N2O + N2) ratios in typical German crops in relation to crop development and to provide a dataset to test and improve biogeochemical models. N2O and N2 emissions in winter wheat (WW, Triticum aestivum L.) and sugar beet (SB, Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) were measured using the improved 15N gas flux method with helium–oxygen flushing (80:20) to reduce the atmospheric N2 background to < 2%. To estimate total N2O and N2 production in soil, production-diffusion modelling was applied. Soil samples were taken in regular intervals and analyzed for mineral N (NO3− and NH4+) and water-extractable Corg content. In addition, we monitored soil moisture, crop development, plant N uptake, N transformation processes in soil, and N translocation to deeper soil layers. Our best estimates for cumulative N2O + N2 losses were 860.4 ± 220.9 mg N m−2 and 553.1 ± 96.3 mg N m−2 over the experimental period of 189 and 161 days with total N2O/(N2O + N2) ratios of 0.12 and 0.15 for WW and SB, respectively. Growing plants affected all controlling factors of denitrification, and dynamics clearly differed between crop species. Overall, N2O and N2 emissions were highest when plant N and water uptake were low, i.e., during early growth stages, ripening, and after harvest. We present the first dataset of a plot-scale field study employing the improved 15N gas flux method over a growing season showing that drivers for N2O and N2O + N2 fluxes differ between crop species and change throughout the growing season.
Potato yield and quality are linked to cover crop and soil microbiome, respectively
Authors: Hemkemeyer Michael , Schwalb Sanja A. , Berendonk Clara , Geisen Stefan , Heinze Stefanie , Joergensen Rainer Georg , Li Rong , Lövenich Peter , Xiong Wu , Wichern Florian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCrop-specific cultivation practices including crop rotation, cover cropping, and fertilisation are key measures for sustainable farming, for which soil microorganisms are important components. This study aims at identifying links between agronomic practices, potato yield and quality as well as soil microorganisms. We analysed the roles of cover crops and of the soil prokaryotic, fungal, and protistan communities in a long-term trial, differing in crop rotation, i.e. winter wheat or silage maize as pre-crop, presence and positioning of oil radish within the rotation, and fertilisation, i.e. mineral fertiliser, straw, manure, or slurry. Up to 16% higher yields were observed when oil radish grew directly before potatoes. Losses of potato quality due to infection with Rhizoctonia solani-induced diseases and common scab was 43–63% lower when wheat + oil radish was pre-crop under manure or straw + slurry fertilisation than for maize as pre-crop. This contrast was also reflected by 42% higher fungal abundance and differences in β-diversity of prokaryotes, fungi, and protists. Those amplicon sequence variants, which were found in the treatments with highest potato qualities and differed in their abundances from other treatments, belonged to Firmicutes (2.4% of the sequences) and Mortierellaceae (28%), which both comprise potential antagonists of phytopathogens. Among protists, Lobosa, especially Copromyxa, was 62% more abundant in the high potato quality plots compared to all others, suggesting that specific higher trophic organisms can improve crop performance. Our findings suggest that successful potato cultivation is related (1) to planting of oil radish before potatoes for increasing yield and (2) to fertilisation with manure or straw + slurry for enriching the microbiome with crop-beneficial taxa.
Tropical Atlantic variability in EC-EARTH: impact of the radiative forcing
Authors: Volpi Danila , García-Serrano Javier , Palmeiro Froila M. , Gil-Reyes Laura , Haarsma Reindert J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the impact of radiative forcing on climate variability and change in the Tropical Atlantic is crucial for different socio-economic sectors, given their substantial impacts in both local and remote regions. To properly evaluate the effect of a changing climate on the variability, the use of standard transient historical and scenario simulations requires very large ensembles. A computationally cheaper alternative implemented in this study consists of performing two 250-year-long atmosphere-ocean coupled simulations with EC-EARTH 3.3 (CMIP6 version) with fixed radiative forcing at the years 2000 and 2050, representative of present and future climate conditions, respectively. The changes in the leading modes of Tropical Atlantic variability (TAV), including the Atlantic Niño/Niña and the Subtropical North Atlantic pattern, have been assessed in three target seasons: spring (MAM), summer (JJ) and early winter (ND). While the change in sea surface temperature (SST) climatology shows homogeneous warming, the difference between future and present SST variability exhibits a distinct behaviour consistent along the seasonal cycle, with a decrease in the equatorial region and an increase at subtropical latitudes. This study explores the processes associated with the suppressed/enhanced TAV, with a particular focus on the less-explored early winter season. In agreement with previous studies, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) shows a weakening in strength, but the results also show an increase in variability. The AMOC-related deepening of the equatorial thermocline and the flattening linked to weakened trade winds are consistent with the suppressed SST variability of the Atlantic Niño/Niña. On the other hand, the enhanced SST variability at subtropical latitudes is mainly associated with an increase in turbulent heat flux variability, with a minor contribution of the mixed layer depth variability. Variability in turbulent heat flux is influenced primarily by latent heat flux, connected to changes in precipitation variability.
Hypoxia-inducible factor-driven glycolytic adaptations in host-microbe interactions
Authors: DeMichele Emily , Buret Andre G. , Taylor Cormac T. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMammalian cells utilize glucose as a primary carbon source to produce energy for most cellular functions. However, the bioenergetic homeostasis of cells can be perturbed by environmental alterations, such as changes in oxygen levels which can be associated with bacterial infection. Reduction in oxygen availability leads to a state of hypoxia, inducing numerous cellular responses that aim to combat this stress. Importantly, hypoxia strongly augments cellular glycolysis in most cell types to compensate for the loss of aerobic respiration. Understanding how this host cell metabolic adaptation to hypoxia impacts the course of bacterial infection will identify new anti-microbial targets. This review will highlight developments in our understanding of glycolytic substrate channeling and spatiotemporal enzymatic organization in response to hypoxia, shedding light on the integral role of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) during host–pathogen interactions. Furthermore, the ability of intracellular and extracellular bacteria (pathogens and commensals alike) to modulate host cellular glucose metabolism will be discussed.
The Number of Topological Types of Trees
Authors: Krill Thilo , Pitz Max 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTwo graphs are of the same topological type if they can be mutually embedded into each other topologically. We show that there are exactly $$\aleph _1$$

ℵ
1

distinct topological types of countable trees. In general, for any infinite cardinal $$\kappa $$
κ
there are exactly $$\kappa ^+$$

κ
+

distinct topological types of trees of size $$\kappa $$
κ
. This solves a problem of van der Holst from 2005.
Higher differentiability and integrability for some nonlinear elliptic systems with growth coefficients in BMO
Authors: Moscariello Gioconda , Pascale Giulio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider local solutions u of nonlinear elliptic systems of the type $$\begin{aligned} \text {div} \,A(x, Du) = \text {div} \, F \qquad \text {in} \quad \Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n, \end{aligned}$$

div

A

(
x
,
D
u
)

=
div

F

in

Ω
⊂

R

n

,

where $$u: \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R}^N$$

u
:
Ω
→

R

N

is in a weighted $$W^{1, p}_{loc}$$

W

loc

1
,
p

space, with $$p \ge 2$$

p
≥
2

, F is in a weighted $$W^{1, 2}_{loc}$$

W

loc

1
,
2

space and x$$\rightarrow $$
→
$$A(x, \xi )$$

A
(
x
,
ξ
)

has growth coefficients in the space of functions with bounded mean oscillation. We prove higher differentiability of u in the sense that the nonlinear expression of its gradient $$V_\mu (Du):=(\mu ^2 + |Du|^2)^{\frac{p - 2}{4}}Du$$

V
μ

(
D
u
)

:
=
(

μ
2

+

|
D
u
|

2

)

p
-
2

4

D
u

, with $$0 < \mu \le 1$$

0
<
μ
≤
1

, is weakly differentiable with $$D(V_\mu (Du))$$

D
(

V
μ

(
D
u
)

)

in a weighted $$L^2_{loc}$$

L

loc

2

space. Moreover we derive some local Calderón–Zygmund estimates when the source term is not necessarily differentiable. Global estimates for a suitable Dirichlet problem are also available.
Tackle your Tics, a brief intensive group-based exposure treatment for young people with tics: results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Heijerman-Holtgrefe A. P. , Huyser C. , Bus M. , Beljaars L. P. L. , van de Griendt J. M. T. M. , Verdellen C. W. J. , Kan K. J. , Zijlstra B. J. H. , Lindauer R. J. L. , Cath D. C. , Hoekstra P. J. , Utens E. M. W. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTics can have a serious impact on the quality of life of children and their families. Behavioural therapy is an evidence-based first line treatment for tic disorders. This randomised controlled trial studied the efficacy of a brief, condensed group-based programme for children with tics (Dutch Trial Registry NL8052, 27 September 2019). Tackle your Tics is a four-day group treatment, including exposure and response prevention and supporting components, delivered by therapists and ‘experts by experience’. We collected outcome measures at baseline (T1), directly post-treatment (T2), and at three- and 6-months follow-up (T3, T4) including tic severity (primary outcome measure), tic-related impairment, quality of life, tic-related cognitions, emotional/behavioural functioning, family functioning, treatment satisfaction and adherence. Outcomes directly post-treatment improved in both the treatment group (n = 52) and waiting list (n = 54), but showed no statistically significant differences between the conditions (differential change over time T1-T2) on tic severity (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale), quality of life (Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Quality of Life Scale), tic-related cognitions and family functioning. At longer term (T3), again no between-group difference was found on tic severity, but tic-related impairment, quality of life and emotional/behavioural functioning significantly improved in the treatment group compared to the waiting list. Mean treatment satisfaction scores were favourable for both children and parents. Directly posttreatment, Tackle your Tics showed no superior effect compared to waiting list. However, on longer term this brief four-day group treatment was effective in improving tic-related impairment, quality of life and emotional/behavioural functioning.
Tiny polyp detection from endoscopic video frames using vision transformers
Authors: Liu Entong , He Bishi , Zhu Darong , Chen Yuanjiao , Xu Zhe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeep learning techniques can be effective in helping doctors diagnose gastrointestinal polyps. Currently, processing video frame sequences containing a large amount of spurious noise in polyp detection suffers from elevated recall and mean average precision. Moreover, the mean average precision is also low when the polyp target in the video frame has large-scale variability. Therefore, we propose a tiny polyp detection from endoscopic video frames using Vision Transformers, named TPolyp. The proposed method uses a cross-stage Swin Transformer as a multi-scale feature extractor to extract deep feature representations of data samples, improves the bidirectional sampling feature pyramid, and integrates the prediction heads of multiple channel self-attention mechanisms. This approach focuses more on the feature information of the tiny object detection task than convolutional neural networks and retains relatively deeper semantic information. It additionally improves feature expression and discriminability without increasing the computational complexity. Experimental results show that TPolyp improves detection accuracy by 7%, recall by 7.3%, and average accuracy by 7.5% compared to the YOLOv5 model, and has better tiny object detection in scenarios with blurry artifacts.
Characterization of recycled nitrile butadiene rubber industrial scraps
Authors: Gobetti Anna , Marchesi Claudio , Depero Laura Eleonora , Ramorino Giorgio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe amount of rubber scraps derived from rubber goods production consists of about 20–30% of the processed material, so it is necessary to enhance this material by developing new recycling techniques as well as a new market for recycled rubber products. In the present research, nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) scraps are reprocessed via a calendering process acting with a mechanical devulcanization. Compounds were prepared with 20%, 80%, and 100% recycled rubber content and characterized. The experimental results highlighted that the compound prepared with 20% recycled rubber content via calendering and compression molding processes shows comparable mechanical properties to that of virgin NBR. The tensile properties are the most penalized by the increasing content of recycled material (100% recycled shows − 25% and − 50% stress and strain at break, respectively). Other properties remain comparable to the standard material up to 80% recycled material: 60 ± 5 Shore A, compression elastic modulus 8 MPa, compression set 20%. FTIR analysis revealed no changes in chemical structure from the recycling process. The results demonstrate that simple mechanical devulcanization can effectively reprocess industrial rubber waste while largely maintaining useful properties. This provides a potential pathway to enhance sustainability in rubber production through the valorization of process scraps.
Graphical Abstract
Waste silica sand as a possible pozzolanic filler to produce cement mortars: experimental investigation
Authors: Furlani E. , Zanocco M. , Tubaro E. , Rondinella A. , Maschio S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present paper discusses experimental results obtained on several mortars prepared using a commercial type1 OPC cement, a commercial limestone aggregate with maximum particles dimension below 5 mm, superplasticizer and water. Different amounts of a waste silica sand, in form of loose powder, derived from the industrial production of refractory blocks, were added to the above basic components. Several additional samples were also prepared using same basic commercial components added by different amounts of a fine limestone filler. This latter set of compositions was used to prepare samples to be used as reference materials. Waste silica sand and fine limestone filler were used as received from their producer. During preparation, pastes containing silica sand showed better workability compared to all the other blended components. All hydrated materials displayed fair compressive strength and low water absorption after curing, but those containing silica sand showed the best mechanical performances due to their low residual porosity and to the pozzolanic reaction which could enable application for the production of structures in direct contact with water or aggressive environments such as sewers or tanks suitable for the containment of organic substances.
Facilitatory effect of low-pulse repetition frequency ultrasound on release of extracellular vesicles from cultured myotubes
Authors: Ma Xiaoqi , Yamaguchi Atomu , Maeshige Noriaki , Tanida Kento , Uemura Mikiko , Lu Fuwen , Kondo Hiroyo , Fujino Hidemi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as carriers of intracellular factors with therapeutic effects, including tissue regeneration and attenuation of inflammatory responses. The majority of EVs in vivo are derived from skeletal muscle, which is reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. While high-intensity pulsed ultrasound (US) irradiation has been shown to promote EV secretion from myotubes, the impact of pulse repetition frequency, a US parameter affecting pulse length, on EV release remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pulse repetition frequency of US on the release of EVs from myotubes.

Methods
C2C12 myoblasts were used in this study. After differentiation into C2C12 myotubes, US was performed for 5 min at an intensity of 3.0 W/cm2, duty cycle of 20%, acoustic frequency of 1 MHz, and different pulse repetition frequencies (100 Hz, 10 Hz, or 1 Hz). After 12 h, EVs and cells were collected for subsequent analyses.

Results
US did not cause a reduction in cell viability across all US groups compared to the control. The concentration of EVs was significantly higher in all US groups compared to the control group. In particular, the highest increase was observed in the 1-Hz group on EV concentration as well as intracellular Ca2+ level.

Conclusion
This study investigated the effect of three different pulse repetition frequencies of US on the release of EVs from cultured myotubes. It is concluded that a low-pulse repetition frequency of 1 Hz is the most effective for enhancing EV release from cultured myotubes with pulsed ultrasound.
Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties
Authors: John A. S. , Mahanthesh B. , Lorenzini G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers, medical devices, various rheometric, and viscosimetry applications. In this study, we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag-MgO hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid properties. How the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds’s linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam’s model for variable thermal conductivity. The single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids, incorporating the experimental data. This model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations, encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy, in conjunction with an incompressibility condition. A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-group scaling transformations, and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved numerically. The influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling and non-swirling flow cases is analyzed. Additionally, the Nusselt number for the disk surface is calculated. It is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system, while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.
YTHDC1 promotes the malignant progression of gastric cancer by promoting ROD1 translocation to the nucleus
Authors: Dong Danhong , Wei Jiangpeng , Wang Weidong , Zhou Haikun , Hong Liu , Ji Gang , Yang Xisheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRNA-binding proteins (RBPs) make vital impacts on tumor progression and are important potential targets for tumor treatment. Previous studies have shown that RBP regulator of differentiation 1 (ROD1), enriched in the nucleus, is abnormally expressed and functions as a splicing factor in tumors; however, the mechanism underlying its involvement in gastric cancer (GC) is unknown. In this study, ROD1 is found to stimulate GC cell proliferation and metastasis and is related to poor patient prognosis. In vitro experiments showed that ROD1 influences GC proliferation and metastasis through modulating the imbalance of the level of the oncogenic gene OIP5 and the tumor suppressor gene GPD1L. Further studies showed that the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) “reader” protein YTHDC1 can interact with ROD1 and regulate the balance of the expression of the downstream molecules OIP5/GPD1L by promoting the nuclear enrichment of ROD1. Therefore, YTHDC1 stimulates GC development and progression through modulating nuclear enrichment of the splicing factor ROD1.
Graphical Abstract
Effectiveness of digital marketing and its value in new ventures
Authors: Tarazona-Montoya Raul , Devece Carlos , Llopis-Albert Carlos , García-Agreda Sergio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes the effect of digital marketing and cluster membership on the entrepreneurship and performance of dental clinics in Colombia. The use of different digital marketing tools in dental clinics is evaluated, and the effect of these tools on the creation of new markets, and clinics’ services and general performance, are analyzed. In addition, the cluster effect on the learning and implementation of digital tools in individual clinics is studied. The results show the most effective digital tools to create new markets, as well as the tools that improve clinics’ performance through the Internet image and online visibility. The combined use of corporate Facebook and Instagram, a robust website with wide online visibility and YouTube develops the image of companies on the Internet in the most effective way. In addition, the importance of belonging to a cluster in the learning and implementation of digital tools in individual clinics was verified.