bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental plasticity and variability in the formation of egg‐spots, a pigmentation ornament in the cichlid Astatotilapia calliptera
Authors: Clark Bethan , Hickey Aaron , Marconi Aleksandra , Fischer Bettina , Elkin Joel , Mateus Rita , Santos M. Emília 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVertebrate pigmentation patterns are highly diverse, yet we have a limited understanding of how evolutionary changes to genetic, cellular, and developmental mechanisms generate variation. To address this, we examine the formation of a sexually‐selected male ornament exhibiting inter‐ and intraspecific variation, the egg‐spot pattern, consisting of circular yellow‐orange markings on the male anal fins of haplochromine cichlid fishes. We focus on Astatotilapia calliptera, the ancestor‐type species of the Malawi cichlid adaptive radiation of over 850 species. We identify a key role for iridophores in initializing egg‐spot aggregations composed of iridophore‐xanthophore associations. Despite adult sexual dimorphism, aggregations initially form in both males and females, with development only diverging between the sexes at later stages. Unexpectedly, we found that the timing of egg‐spot initialization is plastic. The earlier individuals are socially isolated, the earlier the aggregations form, with iridophores being the cell type that responds to changes to the social environment. Furthermore, we observe apparent competitive interactions between adjacent egg‐spot aggregations, which strongly suggests that egg‐spot patterning results mostly from cell‐autonomous cellular interactions. Together, these results demonstrate that A. calliptera egg‐spot development is an exciting model for investigating pigment pattern formation at the cellular level in a system with developmental plasticity, sexual dimorphism, and intraspecific variation. As A. calliptera represents the ancestral bauplan for egg‐spots, these findings provide a baseline for informed comparisons across the incredibly diverse Malawi cichlid radiation.
Anti‐obesity potential of Polygonum minus Huds.: in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Arshad Zulika , Sofian‐Seng Noor‐Soffalina , Afzan Adlin , Misnan Norazlan Mohmad , Alias Norsyuhada , Kamal Nurkhalida , Mediani Ahmed , Rahman Hafeedza Abdul 
Published: March 2024

SummaryPolygonum minus (PM) has a rich traditional usage for health benefits, yet its potential as a natural‐based solution for obesity management remains unexplored. This study evaluated the antioxidant properties, inhibition of pancreatic lipase and α‐glucosidase activities, and metabolite profiles of PM aerial extracts harvested at 8, 10, and 12 weeks using 1H NMR‐based metabolomics. PM harvested at 12 weeks exhibited significant antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities. NMR metabolomics unveiled nine major metabolites correlated to the bioactivities of 12‐week PM. LC–MS/MS profiling enabled the identification of flavonoids and phenolic acids, with the majority having sulfate, gallate, and glycoside moieties. Notably, in vivo experiments demonstrated that rats treated with 200 mg kg−1 and 400 mg kg−1 PM exhibited significantly lower (P < 0.05) total body weight gain (39.03% and 52.59%, respectively) compared to negative control rats (69.95%), with the lower dose group also exhibiting reduced (P < 0.05) fasting blood glucose levels. This study highlights the potential of 12‐week PM as a natural‐based solution in obesity management.
Effects of grilling conditions on heterocyclic amines and quality attributes of grilled grass carp
Authors: Wang Bin , Gao Siqi , Chen Zhe , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe effects of different grilling temperatures (220 °C, 250 °C, 280 °C, 310 °C) reaching the central temperature of 70 °C on heterocyclic amines (HAs) formation, moisture content, cooking loss, texture, colour, and sensory properties of grilled grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were investigated. The grilling condition significantly (P < 0.05) affected cooking loss, moisture content, heterocyclic amines (HAs) formation, texture, colour and sensory properties. The results showed that 5 kinds of free and 9 kinds of protein‐bound heterocyclic amines were detected. The total amount of protein‐bound heterocyclic amines was much higher than that of the free state. Harman and Norharman, belonging to β‐carboline, constituted over 80% of the total content of heterocyclic amines. Considering the HAs formation and quality attributes, when the grilling condition was 280 °C for 10 min, the total content of HAs was the lowest, and the fish had moderate moisture content, firm texture, bright colour, and high sensory evaluation score.
Comparative transcriptome analysis explored the molecular mechanisms of a luxR‐type regulator regulating intracellular survival of Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Chen Weiqin , Mao Leilei , Yan Qingpi , Zhao Lingmin , Huang Lixing , Zhang Jiaonan , Qin Yingxue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAeromonas hydrophila is not a traditional intracellular bacterium. However, previous studies revealed that pathogenic A. hydrophila B11 could temporarily survive for at least 24 h in fish phagocytes, and the regulation of intracellular survival in bacteria was associated with regulators of the LuxR‐type. The mechanisms of luxR08110 on the A. hydrophila's survival in macrophages were investigated using comprehensive transcriptome analysis and biological phenotype analysis in this study. The results showed that after luxR08110 was silenced, the intracellular survival ability of bacteria was significantly diminished. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that luxR08110 was a critical regulator of A. hydrophila, which regulated the expression of over 1200 genes, involving in bacterial flagellar assembly and chemotaxis, ribosome, sulphur metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and other mechanisms. Further studies confirmed that after the inhibition of expression of luxR08110, the motility, chemotaxis and adhesion of A. hydrophila significantly decreased. Moreover, compared with the wild‐type strain, the survival rates of silencing strain were all considerably reduced under both H2O2 and low pH stress conditions. According to both transcriptome analysis and phenotypic tests, the luxR08110 of A. hydrophila could act as global regulator in bacteria intracellular survival. This regulator regulated intracellular survival of A. hydrophila mainly through two ways. One way is to regulate bacterial flagellar synthesis and further affects the motility, chemotaxis and adhesion of bacteria. The other way is to regulate sulphur and glycerolipid metabolisms, thus affecting bacterial energy production and the ability to resist environmental stress.
Happy families? Insight into the coexistence between the curled octopus (Eledone cirrhosa) and common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) in waters around the UK
Authors: Barrett C. J. , Brazier A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis case study investigated the co‐occurrence of the curled octopus (Eledone cirrhosa) and common octopus (Octopus vulgaris), in waters around the United Kingdom. The findings suggest that coexistence may be maintained because of the lack of competition for E. cirrhosa against the seemingly declining O. vulgaris populations, and that habitat and temporal partitioning are the likely mechanisms. It is contemplated whether species misidentification may an important factor in masking the accuracy of population dynamics of co‐occurring octopus species, and, as such, potential uncertainty in octopus coexistence and any future fishery management decisions. It is confidently suggested that, currently, only two octopus species are resident to UK waters. Now, further studies should include diet partitioning to determine whether diet partitioning is a mechanism for E. cirrhosa and O. vulgaris coexistence, and monitoring may make us understand their population dynamics.
Low voltage resistance switching characteristics of Cu/MoS2/Cu/ITO devices
Authors: Li Shichang , He Chaotao , Shu Haiyan , Chen Peng 
Published: March 2024

The resistive switching behavior is observed in the Cu/MoS2/Cu/ITO structures, which has been deposited by magnetron sputtering. With the increase in MoS2 thickness, the resistive switching behavior is gradually weakened. The optimal device with a MoS2 thickness of 120[Formula: see text]nm has a lower Set voltage and Reset voltage, where Set voltage is 0.14–0.3[Formula: see text]V and Reset voltage is −0.24[Formula: see text]V to −0.08[Formula: see text]V. The device also has a resistive switching ratio of up to 105 high resistance state/low resistance state, a data retention time over 104[Formula: see text]s, and can endure more than 103 cycles. As the limiting current increases, the resistance switching (RS) characteristics of devices with MoS2 thickness of 200[Formula: see text]nm at both positive and negative biases are improved. There is no RS behavior in ITO/MoS2/ITO devices fabricated by the same method, which indicates that sulfur vacancies have little effect on the RS characteristics of Cu/MoS2/Cu/ITO devices. Moreover, since the migration barrier and diffusion activation energy of Cu in MoS2 are lower than those of sulfur vacancy, combined with the data fitting structure, it is shown that the RS behavior is formed because Cu ions control the connectivity and fracture of conductive filaments through the diffusion and migration of MoS2 layer.
Inyección local de toxina botulínica para la prevención de cicatrices hipertróficas y queloides: un protocolo para una revisión panorámica
Authors: Silva Ruz Iván , Ramos Rojas José Tomás , Rada Giacaman Gabriel , Peña Alvarez Javiera , Novillo Meza Francisco 
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las cicatrices hipertróficas (CH) y queloides (QU) corresponden al resultado de una cicatrización patológica en la piel, que afectan la calidad de vida de quienes las presentan. Su tratamiento considera diversas intervenciones, muchas de las cuales son de alto costo y/o poco predecibles. Entre ellas, la toxina botulínica (TB) podría tener un efecto a nivel preventivo, aunque los resúmenes de evidencia presentan resultados disímiles. Por esto, proponemos sintetizar la evidencia proveniente de revisiones sistemáticas (RS) y metaanálisis (MA) de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) sobre los efectos de la inyección local de TB en la prevención de CH y QU en pacientes que recibieron o recibirán un trauma quirúrgico en la piel.
MÉTODOS Y ANÁLISIS: Revisión panorámica siguiendo una adaptación de la Declaración PRISMA-P. Ejecutaremos búsquedas sensibles en L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence), un repositorio y plataforma de clasificación que utiliza la base de datos Epistemonikos. Realizaremos la selección de estudios, extracción de datos y evaluación de la calidad de las RS por duplicado. Compararemos las revisiones a través de matrices de evidencia, incluyendo las RS que aborden una pregunta similar y los ECA incluidos en estas. Estimaremos la superposición entre revisiones mediante el método de área cubierta y área cubierta corregida.
ÉTICA Y DIFUSIÓN: No se requiere aprobación ética. Esta revisión se publicará después de un proceso de revisión por pares. Sus resultados podrían ser utilizados por personal de salud para informar decisiones individuales y por tomadores de decisión de servicios de salud para guiar la asignación de recursos.
PROSPERO ID: CRD42023431093
Consideraciones para el uso de tramadol en dolor crónico no oncológico en APS
Authors: Martínez Moscoso Francia , León Sther Paula , Peñaloza Hidalgo Blanca , Céspedes Patricio 
Published: March 2024

Introducción. Tramadol es un analgésico opioide usado frecuentemente para el manejo del dolor crónico no oncológico (DCNO). En Chile, es parte del arsenal farmacológico de los centros de atención primaria para el tratamiento de patologías como artrosis de cadera y rodilla. Es considerado seguro y efectivo, sin embargo, existen reportes de efectos adversos serios por polimorfismos hepáticos, interacciones farmacológicas, intoxicaciones, adicción y muerte. La dosis óptima de tramadol es paciente dependiente. Por esto, es necesario contar con orientaciones específicas para prescribir tramadol de manera segura y eficaz según las características de cada paciente.
Materiales y Métodos. Se revisaron guías actualizadas, revisiones sistemáticas y guías de sociedades internacionales sobre el uso de opioides en DCNO y el uso de tramadol en patologías de DCNO como artrosis, lumbago crónico, dolor neuropático y fibromialgia.
Resultados. Tramadol no está indicado en el tratamiento de cuadros de dolor primario como fibromialgia y en DCNO secundario es un fármaco de segunda línea o no está recomendado. En dolor crónico neuropático (DCN) es segunda línea de tratamiento. En osteoartritis de cadera, rodilla y mano, se reporta efecto analgésico modesto. Sopesar riesgos versus beneficios en estos pacientes. En artritis reumatoide y lumbago crónico se desaconseja su uso.
Conclusiones. Tramadol es un medicamento seguro y efectivo si se indica, administra, supervisa y descontinúa adecuadamente. Sin embargo, puede asociarse a interacciones farmacológicas, efectos secundarios serios, conductas de abuso y usos ilícitos, por lo que es necesario conocer y manejar adecuadamente su farmacología e indicaciones.
Incorporation of Drone Technology Into the Chain of Survival for OHCA: Estimation of Time Needed for Bystander Treatment of OHCA and CPR Performance
Authors: Starks Monique A. , Blewer Audrey L. , Chow Christine , Sharpe Edward , Van Vleet Lee , Arnold Evan , Buckland Daniel M. , Joiner Anjni , Simmons Denise , Green Cynthia L. , Mark Daniel B. 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Drone-delivered automated external defibrillators (AEDs) hold promises in the treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Our objective was to estimate the time needed to perform resuscitation with a drone-delivered AED and to measure cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality.

METHODS:
Mock out-of-hospital cardiac arrest simulations that included a 9-1-1 call, CPR, and drone-delivered AED were conducted. Each simulation was timed and video-recorded. CPR performance metrics were recorded by a Laerdal Resusci Anne Quality Feedback System. Multivariable regression modeling examined factors associated with time from 9-1-1 call to AED shock and CPR quality metrics (compression rate, depth, recoil, and chest compression fraction). Comparisons were made among those with recent CPR training (≤2 years) versus no recent (>2 years) or prior CPR training.

RESULTS:

We recruited 51 research participants between September 2019 and March 2020. The median age was 34 (Q1–Q3, 23–54) years, 56.9% were female, and 41.2% had recent CPR training. The median time from 9-1-1 call to initiation of CPR was 1:19 (Q1–Q3, 1:06–1:26) minutes. A median time of 1:59 (Q1–Q3, 01:50–02:20) minutes was needed to retrieve a drone-delivered AED and deliver a shock. The median CPR compression rate was 115 (Q1–Q3, 109–124) beats per minute, the correct compression depth percentage was 92% (Q1–Q3, 25–98), and the chest compression fraction was 46.7% (Q1–Q3, 39.9%–50.6%). Recent CPR training was not associated with CPR quality or time from 9-1-1 call to AED shock. Younger age (per 10-year increase; β, 9.97 [95% CI, 4.63–15.31] s;
P
<0.001) and prior experience with AED (β, −30.0 [95% CI, −50.1 to −10.0] s;
P
=0.004) were associated with more rapid time from 9-1-1 call to AED shock. Prior AED use (β, 6.71 [95% CI, 1.62–11.79];
P
=0.011) was associated with improved chest compression fraction percentage.

CONCLUSION:
Research participants were able to rapidly retrieve an AED from a drone while largely maintaining CPR quality according to American Heart Association guidelines. Chest compression fraction was lower than expected.
Association of Traditional and Nontraditional Risk Factors in the Development of Strokes Among Young Adults by Sex and Age Group: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Leppert Michelle H. , Poisson Sharon N. , Scarbro Sharon , Suresh Krithika , Lisabeth Lynda D. , Putaala Jukka , Schwamm Lee H. , Daugherty Stacie L. , Bradley Cathy J. , Burke James F. , Ho P. Michael 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Despite women having fewer traditional risk factors (eg, hypertension, diabetes), strokes are more common in women than men aged ≤45 years. This study examined the contributions of traditional and nontraditional risk factors (eg, migraine, thrombophilia) in the development of strokes among young adults.

METHODS:
This retrospective case-control study used Colorado’s All Payer Claims Database (2012–2019). We identified index stroke events in young adults (aged 18–55 years), matched 1:3 to stroke-free controls, by (1) sex, (2) age±2 years, (3) insurance type, and (4) prestroke period. All traditional and nontraditional risk factors were identified from enrollment until a stroke or proxy-stroke date (defined as the prestroke period). Conditional logistic regression models stratified by sex and age group first assessed the association of stroke with counts of risk factors by type and then computed their individual and aggregated population attributable risks.

RESULTS:
We included 2618 cases (52% women; 73.3% ischemic strokes) and 7827 controls. Each additional traditional and nontraditional risk factors were associated with an increased risk of stroke in all sex and age groups. In adults aged 18 to 34 years, more strokes were associated with nontraditional (population attributable risk: 31.4% men and 42.7% women) than traditional risk factors (25.3% men and 33.3% women). The contribution of nontraditional risk factors declined with age (19.4% men and 27.9% women aged 45–55 years). The contribution of traditional risk factors peaked among patients aged 35 to 44 years (32.8% men and 39.7% women). Hypertension was the most important traditional risk factor and increased in contribution with age (population attributable risk: 27.8% men and 26.7% women aged 45 to 55 years). Migraine was the most important nontraditional risk factor and decreased in contribution with age (population attributable risk: 20.1% men and 34.5% women aged 18–35 years).

CONCLUSIONS:
Nontraditional risk factors were as important as traditional risk factors in the development of strokes for both young men and women and have a stronger association with the development of strokes in adults younger than 35 years of age.
Repeated Measurement of the Novel Atrial Biomarker BMP10 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 10) Refines Risk Stratification in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the ARISTOTLE Trial
Authors: Gkarmiris Konstantinos I. , Lindbäck Johan , Alexander John H. , Granger Christopher B. , Kastner Peter , Lopes Renato D. , Ziegler André , Oldgren Jonas , Siegbahn Agneta , Wallentin Lars , Hijazi Ziad 
Published: March 2024

Background
BMP10 (bone morphogenic protein 10) has emerged as a novel biomarker associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and other outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The study aimed to determine if repeated BMP10 measurements improve prognostication of cardiovascular events in patients with AF.

Methods and Results

BMP10 was measured using a prototype Elecsys immunoassay in plasma samples collected at randomization and after 2 months in patients with AF randomized to apixaban or warfarin in the ARISTOTLE (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation) trial (n=2878). Adjusted Cox‐regression models were used to evaluate the association between 2‐month BMP10 levels and outcomes. BMP10 levels increased by 7.8% (
P
<0.001) over 2 months. The baseline variables most strongly associated with BMP10 levels at 2 months were baseline BMP10 levels, body mass index, sex, age, creatinine, diabetes, warfarin treatment, and AF‐rhythm. During median 1.8 years follow‐up, 34 ischemic strokes/systemic embolism, 155 deaths, and 99 heart failure hospitalizations occurred. Comparing the third with the first sample quartile, higher BMP10 levels at 2 months were associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 1.33 [95% CI, 0.67–2.63],
P
=0.037), heart failure (HR, 1.91 [95% CI, 1.17–3.12],
P
=0.012) and all‐cause death (HR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.17–2.21],
P
<0.001). Adding BMP10 levels at 2 months on top of established risk factors and baseline BMP10 levels improved the C‐indices for ischemic stroke/systemic embolism (from 0.73 to 0.75), heart failure hospitalization (0.76–0.77), and all‐cause mortality (0.70–0.72), all
P
<0.05.

Conclusions
Elevated levels of BMP10 at 2 months strengthened the associations with the risk of ischemic stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and all‐cause mortality. Repeated measurements of BMP10 may further refine risk stratification in patients with AF.
Information Processing Biases and Attachment Styles in Adolescents with Dissociative Disorders
Authors: Nag Ritwika , Goyal Nishant , Bhattacharyya Madhumita 
Published: March 2024

Background: Dissociative disorders invade and interfere with the person’s continuity of normal psychological functioning and exhibit slower or impaired processing of threat-related information and attachment styles play a significant role in their psychopathology. The present study assessed the type of attachment style and information processing biases and their relationship in adolescents with dissociative disorders. Methods: This was a hospital-based study, with a cross-sectional design based on purposive sampling. The study consisted of 50 participants between 11 and 17 years of age. Twenty-five of them were adolescents diagnosed with dissociative disorders and 25 were healthy adolescent controls. The Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale was used to assess the severity of dissociative disorders in adolescents. Emotional Stroop, Emotion Face dot-probe task and attachment style questionnaires were administered. Results: Findings suggested an association between the scores in the attachment style dimension of discomfort with closeness and information-processing biases in both the dot-probe and emotional Stroop tasks. There was also an association between the processing bias in the dot-probe task and relationships as a secondary attachment dimension. There was a difference in the two groups of adolescents with dissociative disorders and matched healthy adolescents with respect to the discomfort with closeness attachment style and information-processing bias scores of the dot-probe task. Conclusion: The study provides interesting insights into how information-processing biases correlate to attachment styles in adolescents with dissociative disorders. Results indicate extensive resources for future management.