bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steroid responsive meningitis‐arteritis in dogs: Long‐term study of 32 cases
Authors: Tipold A. , Jaggy A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSteroid responsive meningitis‐arteritis in 32 cases was studied. Two forms were recognised: The typical form showing cervical rigidity and pain, fever and pleocytosis with polymorphonuclear cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); and the atypical form, a more protracted type characterised by additional neurological deficits and lack of typical CSF changes. Both groups responded to steroid application. Several ancillary laboratory procedures were applied in an attempt to improve the diagnosis. Electroencephalography was found to be helpful in detecting an inflammatory process. Measuring IgA levels in the serum and CSF was also another useful technique for detecting atypical cases. Long‐term treatment with prednisolone was undertaken in 20 dogs. The treatment was monitored by rigorous control examinations of the blood and CSF at regular intervals. Twelve dogs were considered cured after this treatment. Thirteen dogs were euthanased; five of these in the acute stage of the disease and eight because of progressive neurological disease. In all these cases histopathological examination was performed. The data are compared to reports in the literature on meningitis and arteritis in dogs and the pathogenesis of the disease is briefly discussed.
Clinic accessions to Maiduguri Veterinary Teaching Hospital: 1986 to 1990
Authors: Ambali A. G. , Mohammed A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA survey of disease conditions of dogs presented to the small animal unit of the University of Maiduguri Veterinary Teaching Hospital, between January 1986 and December 1990, was undertaken. A total of 559 cases was recorded during this period and these were divided into 13 groups according to the distribution of the following conditions: Ectoparasitism 21.1 per cent, helminthiasis 20.4 per cent, vaccination requests 13.4 per cent, trauma 11.1 per cent, orthopaedic problems 7.9 per cent, protozoan infections 6.3 per cent, castration 3.9 per cent, dermatitis 3.6 per cent, pneumonia 3.6 per cent, obstetrical problems 3.2 per cent, viral infections 2.5 per cent, cosmetic surgery 1.6 per cent and neoplasm (transmissible venereal tumour) 1.4 per cent.
Iatrogenic enterovaginal fistula following hysterectomy
Authors: Grassi F. , Romagnoli S. , Camillo F. , Rombai M. , Frateschi C. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA four‐year‐old toy poodle was presented with a recurrent foul smelling vulval discharge of faecal origin following hysterectomy. A contrast radiograph revealed an iatrogenic enterovaginal fistula. After confirming the clinical and radiographic diagnosis by exploratory laparotomy, the defect was surgically repaired by separating the adhesions and closing the communicating tracts between the jejunum and the vaginal stump. The fistula may have developed after hysterectomy when parts of the jejunum became trapped in the ligature of the vaginal stump.
Canine transmissible venereal tumour and ovarian papillary cystadeno‐carcinoma in a bitch
Authors: Booth M. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA young German shepherd dog was presented for a protruding vaginal mass of one month's duration. Clinical appearance of the mass was suggestive of a canine transmissible venereal tumour. Diagnosis was confirmed by cytology; a single drug chemotherapy regimen using vincristine was instituted. Regression was evident within seven days after the first treatment. Bilateral ovarian papillary cystadenocarcinoma was an incidental finding after an elective ovariohysterectomy was performed.
Thoracic and abdominal wall swellings in dogs caused by foreign bodies
Authors: Frendin J. , Greko C. , Hellmén E. , Iwarsson M. , Gunnarsson A. , Chryssantou E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTwenty‐seven hunting dogs with local swellings on the thoracic and, or, abdominal wall, were treated mainly by radical surgery supported by chemotherapy. The lesions were characterised histopathologically as pyogranulomatous inflammation. One of the dogs died during surgery because of a technical accident. Four of the dogs underwent further surgery because of relapse. Treatment was successful in 26 cases, with a mean observation period of 3.3 years (range, 0.6 to 6.5 years) without signs of disease. In 12 of the 26 dogs which underwent surgery, parts of grasses (Poaceae family), usually the floret, were found in the lesions. Predominantly anaerobic bacteria (including actinomyces) common to the oropharyngeal tract were isolated from lesions. It is proposed that the plant material is inhaled during open‐mouth breathing and, after migration through the lungs to the peripheral attachment of the diaphragm, causes productive inflammation by synergism with endogenous microorganisms of mucous membrane origin.
Histiocytic ulcerative colitis in boxer dogs in the UK
Authors: Hall E. J. , Rutgers H. C. , Scholes S. F. E. , Middleton D. J. , Tennant B. J. , King N. M. , Kelly D. F. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTHistiocytic ulcerative colitis is an uncommon cause of canine large bowel diarrhoea that is generally refractory to standard treatment for idiopathic colitis. It is characterised pathologically by mucosal ulceration with a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, in which periodic acid‐Schiff positive histiocytes are a dominant feature. The disease is well recognised in young boxer dogs in the USA, Australasia and mainland Europe. This paper reports the occurrence of seven cases of histiocytic ulcerative colitis seen recently in the UK, along with the clinical signs, histopathology, treatment and post mortem findings.
Borrelia burgdorferiinfection in cats in the UK
Authors: May C. , Carter S. D. , Barnes A. , McLean C. , Bennett D. , Coutts A. , Grant C. K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTUsing an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting techniques, cats from the north west of England and North Wales were tested for antibodies toBorrelia burgdorferi.Seropositivity toB burgdorferiin these cats was similar (4.8 per cent) to that found in dogs and horses in the UK from non‐endemic areas. Cross‐reactive antibodies toLeptospira interrogansserovars did not affect the catB burgdorferiELISA data. Clinical signs of Lyme disease were generally absent; lameness was rarely reported. As in other species, it must be considered that high levels of serum anti‐borrelia antibodies are not diagnostic for clinical Lyme disease.
Efficacy of a pimaricin suspension for treating otitis externa associated with M pachydermatis
Authors: Uchida Y. , Nakade T. , Otomo K. , Yamane Y. , Higasitsutsumi M. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a 1 per cent pimaricin suspension in the treatment of canine otitis externa associated with Malassezia pachydermatis. Of 40 dogs examined, M pachydermatis was the sole infection in five ears and was commensal with other organisms in 35 ears. Pimaricin in a 1 per cent suspension was administered twice a day for two weeks. Employing continuous therapy, signs accompanying otitis externa were ameliorated steadily, and satisfactory results were achieved in 33 of the dogs. No noticeable side effects were observed with the pimaricin suspension.
Sulphanilamide toxicity and crystalluria in a dog after suspected ingestion of a wound treatment ointment
Authors: Frank A. , Egenvall A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA dog was presented in a comatose state with spastic convulsions. Five to six hours before admission the dog had been in a stableyard for some time. The dog recovered within three days, after symptomatic treatment with barbiturates and sodium bicarbonate. During the first day of observation, urinary examination revealed crystalluria, and the urinary precipitate consisted of sulphanilamide as identified by mass and infrared spectrometry. Sulphanilamide toxicity was diagnosed on the basis of the neurological disturbances and the concomitant presence of sulphanilamide crystals in the urine. The most plausible explanation of the accidental poisoning and unusual case of crystalluria was ingestion of a sulphanilamide‐containing ointment used in the topical treatment of wounds and fetlock eczema in horses, to which the dog had access.
Common difficulties with myelographic diagnosis of acute intervertebral disc prolapse in the dog
Authors: Lamb C. R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTSurgical treatment of acute intervertebral disc prolapse (Hansen type 1) normally requires myelography to accurately localise the lesion. When performing or interpreting myelograms in dogs with this condition, a number of problems may arise that have not been emphasised by existing radiology texts. Technical problems include difficulties injecting the contrast medium, poor distribution of contrast medium and incorrect radiographic views; pathoanatomical problems include atypical displacement of disc material and spinal cord swelling. These problems, and ways of avoiding them, are described.
Food intake and growth of German shepherd puppies
Authors: Schroeder G. E. , Smith G. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe nutritional programme followed during the growth and development of the German shepherd puppy may have a significant influence on the dog's value as a potential working or breeding animal. Limited research has been undertaken on the nutrition of the dog from birth until four to five weeks of age. The objective of this study was to establish a baseline in terms of food intake and growth, which can be used in a nutritional and managerial programme in a commercial breeding unit. The food intake and growth of 10 German shepherd dog litters, with an average of six puppies per litter, were monitored from birth to 12 weeks of age. Both food intake and growth was described by regression equations. A commercially available diet was fed throughout the study. Performance criteria, namely food intake and bodyweight, were established which could be used in a commercial German shepherd dog breeding unit.
New ideas for the dietary management of gastrointestinal tract disease
Authors: Guilford W. G. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTDrugs are often given inappropriate precedence in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract diseases. Diet has a marked influence on gastrointestinal tract function and the manipulation of dietary composition provides clinicians with a powerful therapeutic tool. During acute gastroenteritis, a short period of fasting is recommended. ‘Feeding through’ diarrhoea (without a period of fasting) is recommended in human infants but has limited applicability in dogs and cats, primarily because different types of diarrhoea are commonly treated by veterinary surgeons compared to physicians. Following the fast, a change from the animal's regular food to a diet containing novel protein sources is advisable. This minimises the likelihood of acquired food allergies to staple proteins. Allergy avoidance may require special techniques such as rotation diets or protein hydrolysates. Dietary fat is usually kept to a minimum during gastrointestinal dysfunction as malabsorbed fatty acids and bile acids promote secretory diarrhoea in the large bowel. Recommendations to feed high fat rather than high carbohydrate diets to cats with diarrhoea need to be objectively examined. The type of fat fed may also prove to be an important consideration. Incorporation of omega‐3 fatty acids into the diet has been shown to have anti‐inflammatory effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa. In diseases of the small bowel, it is traditional to use low fibre diets. This recommendation needs re‐examination because the binding and gelling properties of fibre are of potential benefit in the treatment of small bowel diarrhoea. High fibre diets are useful in most large bowel diseases. Soluble (fermentable) fibres (eg, psyllium, oat bran and fibrim) rather than insoluble (non‐fermentable) fibres (eg, wheat bran) give better results in treating colitis. The benefits from soluble fibre probably relates to the binding of irritant bile acids and the generation of volatile fatty acids, such as butyrate, that nourish the colonic epithelium and encourage growth of normal bacterial flora.
Microsporum canis:Inapparent carriage by cats and the viability of arthrospores
Authors: Sparkes A. H. , Werrett G. , Stokes C. R. , Gruffydd‐Jones T. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA total of 181 dermatologically healthy pet cats from 177 different households, attending a veterinary clinic, were sampled for the presence of dermatophytes by a modified MacKenzie hair brush technique.Microsporum caniswas the only dermatophyte recovered and was isolated from four cats (2.2 per cent) from four different households. In addition to clinical details, owners were questioned about the environment and management of all the cats sampled. The data regarding the cats from whichM caniswas recovered showed little variation from that of the culture‐negative cats except that all four cats were from multi‐cat (more than two cats) households, whereas only 35 per cent of the culture‐negative cats were from a similar environment. The viability ofM canisin infected feline hairs stored at room temperature was maintained for between 13 and 18 months.
Use of antihistamines to control pruritus in atopic dogs
Authors: Paterson S. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTIn an open uncontrolled study, 30 dogs with atopy were given six different antihistamines over a period of 10 weeks. During the first six weeks the dogs were given each of the antihistamines, hydroxyzine, trimeprazine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, promethazine and cyproheptadine for a seven‐day period. The order of drug administration was randomised in each case. After assessment of clinical improvement, based on the drug's ability to control pruritus, the most successful drug was given for a further four weeks. Where several drugs performed equally well in the control of signs, the second drug was selected on cost, ease of administration and lack of side effects. More than 60 per cent of the dogs benefited from antihistamine therapy and few side effects were noted. Hydroxyzine in this trial, proved to be the most effective antihistamine in controlling pruritus, although all of the drugs were shown to have the ability to control pruritus in some dogs.
Unusual ultrasonographic presentation of cholecystolithiasis in a dog
Authors: Jensen A. L. , Koch J. , Snekvik K. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe ultrasonographic artifact referred to as acoustic shadowing is the main finding that allows for an ultrasonographic distinction between canine cholecystolithiasis and other space‐occupying masses inside the gall bladder. This report describes a case of canine cholecystolithiasis where acoustic shadowing was not detected on ultrasonographic examination of the gall bladder. Therefore, canine cholecystolithiasis cannot always be ultrasonographically distinguished from other space‐occupying masses inside the gall bladder solely by the presence of acoustic shadowing.
Chronic diarrhoea in a dog with regional granulomatous enteritis
Authors: Bright R. M. , Jenkins C. , DeNovo R. , McCrackin M. A. , Toal R. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA seven‐year‐old, male, intact samoyed with chronic diarrhoea was diagnosed as having a regional granulomatous enterocolitis confined primarily to the distal ileum and caecum. Radiographic and histopathological findings revealed that the most severe inflammatory changes involved the caecum. Long‐term corticosteroid management, a short course of metronidazole, and a three‐month period of treatment with azathioprine failed to adequately control the diarrhoea. Surgical resection of the caecum eventually helped resolve the condition.
Multifocal necrotising steatites associated with pancreatic carcinoma in three dogs
Authors: Brown P. J. , Mason K. V. , Merrett D. J. , Mirchandani S. , Miller R. I. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTMultiple subcutaneous swellings and discharging sinuses were a result of steatitis in three dogs. The steatitis in each case was thought to be associated with a pancreatic carcinoma. The association with pancreatic neoplasia had been suspected in life in only one dog but was confirmed at necropsy in each case. Circulating levels of pancreatic enzymes were increased in the one dog in which they were measured.
Gastrointestinal aspects of food allergy: A review
Authors: Hall E. J. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTFood allergy in dogs and cats, although rare, is a well recognised cause of skin disease. However, despite reports of conditions responding to dietary manipulation, evidence for gastrointestinal manifestations of food allergy is scarce. Difficulties involved in reaching a clinical diagnosis of food allergy are discussed in an attempt to explain this enigma. The distinction between food allergy and intolerance, the complexity of the gastrointestinal immune system and the limited understanding of the mechanisms by which food allergy develops are reviewed.
Traumatic injuries associated with the short lateral collateral ligaments of the talocrural joint of the dog
Authors: Sjöström L. , Håkanson N. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTTraumatic ruptures of the short parts of the lateral collateral ligament complex of the talocrural joint in the dog, or avulsion fractures of the origins of insertions of these ligaments on the distal fibula or the lateral talar trochlea are reported in six cases. The anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of injuries to these ligaments and related structures are discussed. This type of injury has specific clinical and, or, radiographic features. Minor rotational instability can be detected if the fibulocalcanear or both ligaments are ruptured, while disruption of only the fibulotalar ligament or its insertions cause no apparent instability. Clinical diagnosis of ligamentar ruptures often requires manual examination of the stressed joint under general anaesthesia. Radiographic diagnosis of avulsion fractures requires inclusion of oblique views. Avulsion fractures of the lateral talar trochlea produced relatively large loose fragments situated proximally. Any possible relation between osteochondritis dissecans and the avulsion fractures could not be evaluated. Reconstructive surgical therapy is advocated. Prognosis for return to full function seems fair to good.
Bacterial aortic valvular endocarditis associated with subaortic stenosis
Authors: Roth L. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical and pathological findings in four young adult rottweiler dogs with subaortic stenosis and secondary bacterial endocarditis of the aortic valve are described. The four dogs, two males and two females, ranged in age from 18 months to three years. Three had three‐ to four‐week histories of lethargy, anorexia, weight loss and intermittent coughing that progressively worsened. Bacterial aortic valvular endocarditis was diagnosed on the basis of physical examination and radiographic and ultrasound findings. Subaortic stenosis was not suspected clinically, but was found at necropsy. The fourth dog was known to have a subaortic stenotic ring at six months of age and developed clinical signs similar to the other dogs four weeks before euthanasia. Bacterial aortic valvular endocarditis and a subaortic stenotic ring were found at necropsy. It is suspected that the turbulence in blood flow caused by the stenotic rings damages the endocardium of the aortic valve, predisposing to the development of endocarditis.
Disease conditions of canine anal sacs
Authors: van Duijkeren E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTThe literature about the anal sacs of healthy dogs and the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of anal sac impaction and sacculitis are reviewed. Knowledge about the physiological role of the anal sacs is still confusing. The colour and consistency of the anal sac contents are variable in healthy dogs and there are no pathognomonic signs of anal sac impaction or sacculitis. The wide variation in macroscopic detail of anal sac secretions may give rise to misinterpretation and thus overdiagnosis of sacculitis. Other diseases such as vaginitis, flea allergy, atopy, proctitis, parasites and perianal fistulae can lead to similar signs and must be eliminated from the differential diagnosis before the anal sacs are incited as the cause of the signs. Further research is necessary on the morphological, physical and biochemical aspects of the anal sacs and their secretions to define more precise criteria for the diagnosis of impaction and sacculitis. It is imperative that controlled therapeutic trials should be performed, and such studies are indispensable for the rational therapy of anal sac disease.
Portosystemic communications: Follow‐up of 32 cases
Authors: Smith K. R. , Bauer M. , Monnet E. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA multicentre retrospective study of dogs that underwent surgical attenuation of portosystemic communications (PSC) was conducted. These dogs were followed from three months after surgery to evaluate the long term effect of surgery on their life span, disease‐free interval, and owner assessment of postoperative quality of life of the dogs. Seventy‐five per cent of the dogs in this study had no long term postoperative recurrence of clinical signs. Of the 25 per cent of dogs that showed recurrent clinical signs, all but one had partial attenuation of the PSC. The location of the PSC was the only factor that correlated with whether the dogs were still alive. All owners were pleased with the postoperative quality of life of their dogs.
Caecal impaction in a dog
Authors: Wells K. L. , Bright R. M. , Wright K. N. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA seven‐year‐old, intact male dobermann with a four‐week history of anorexia was diagnosed as having impaction of the caecum with inspissated faeces. Radiographic and histopathological findings revealed impaction of the caecum and a mild subacute locally extensive typhlitis. Typhlectomy was curative and no further problems have been reported.
A wire loop technique for ligation of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Downs M. O. , Stampley A. R. , Rawlings C. A. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTA novel, yet simple and inexpensive, technique is described for the safe passage of suture material for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in small animals. The risk of haemorrhage is reduced by minimising dissection with forceps and by preventing inadvertent grasping of perivascular connective tissue.
Investigation of heart rate variability in a dog with upper respiratory tract obstruction
Authors: Little C. J. L. , Julu P. O. O. 
Published: April 2008

ABSTRACTAn eight‐year‐old bull mastiff presented with respiratory obstruction caused by a tumour dorsolateral to the larynx. Removal of the tumour was attempted but the dog died. A novel noninvasive measurement of heart rate variability and cardiac parasympathetic activity, recorded real‐time from an electrocardiograph signal, was used to investigate cardiac rhythm in the dog. A simultaneous record of heart rate and cardiac parasympathetic activity showed severe sinus arrhythmia caused by the parasympathetic tone, in which the inspiratory heart rate exceeded 140 beats per minute (bpm) and the expiratory heart rate fell to below 60 bpm. The extent of respiratory modulation of the cardiac parasympathetic activity (vagal tone) has not been reported before using this technique on‐line in a conscious, freely‐behaving and spontaneously breathing animal. Non‐invasive measurements of cardiac parasympathetic tone show great potential for the assessment of animals with systemic and cardiac disease including cardiac failure.