bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Interior Design Career Information for Dissemination to Students in Grades Six through Eight
Authors: Clemons Stephanie 
Published: June 2008

Issue The profession of interior design is not well represented in the K–12 grade levels. There is a need to foster a greater awareness of interior design as a possible career during the years when exploration of potential career paths are encouraged and investigated. Goal The goal of this project was to develop a method for educating sixth–through eighth– grade students, potential interior designers, and the future general public, about the role an interior designer plays in the built environment. The focus was on residential design, one career path available as an interior design professional. Application A pictorial storybook illustrates the design process and construction of a private residence for sixth–through eighth–grade students to use while investigating careers concerning the built environment. Description A storybook was developed on the computer and transferred to compact disk (CD) for dissemination by career counselors and media specialists to sixth– through eighth–grade students. Over 35 careers in the building and construction industry, including interior design, were highlighted in the design and construction of a private residence. Conclusion Often, the interior design profession is not well represented or accurately portrayed for K–12 audiences. Elementary and secondary education students are the future consumers in society, the clients in higher education, and the future educators and leaders of the profession. Interested interior design educators and practitioners can provide materials for use in the K–12 communities.
Collaborative Design: “Forming, Storming, and Norming”
Authors: Russ Randall , Dickinson Joan 
Published: June 2008

Issue A lack of collaboration with other design disciplines is a problem encountered by many interior design education programs across the country. Goal The goal was to broaden interior design student's exposure to two other design disciplines: architecture and landscape architecture. Application Students and faculty can no longer afford to work in isolation as companies are increasingly seeking collaborative efforts to solve their problems. In response to this need, students from architecture, interior design, and landscape architecture were grouped in interdisciplinary teams in a collaborative design course. Description The literature on the advantages and disadvantages of collaborative teamwork are reviewed. Given the advantages associated with teamwork, the development of the collaborative design course is described along with student reactions upon completion of the course. Conclusion Student responses reiterated the advantages and disadvantages of working in teams. More importantly, students understood the importance of being exposed to collaborative design efforts.
Stories of Co–Op: Reflections in a Professional Practice Course
Authors: Black Ann L. 
Published: June 2008

Teaching professional practice courses can be successful when students have co–ops, internships, or professional work experiences on which to reflect. The unique co–op system at the University of Cincinnati means students bring one and a half years of work experience in professional offices to the course for reflection and analysis through the co–op story and analysis assignment. The goal of the assignment, and the course in general, is to look at key business issues through the students’ experiences and to share those experiences with the class. The class covers a range of business topics. During each class meeting students are encouraged to share their co–op experiences and the assignment requires that they focus on one particular situation to cover more deeply through narrative methods. Using the co–op experience for reflection in the academic setting affords students the opportunity to fully explore those ill–structured situations in which they find themselves. Educators employing narrative assignments can help students process and learn from their experiences. As a result, students are better equipped to analyze and respond to the workplace as they move from academia to the interior design profession.
The Relationship between Learning Styles and Visualization Skills among Interior Design Students
Authors: Nussbaumer Linda L. , Guerin Denise A. 
Published: June 2008

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine if learning styles were an influencing factor on visualization skills among interior design students. Research Design A sample of 578 interior design students from thirteen universities who were enrolled in interior design courses between fall of 1997 and spring of 1999 completed a biographical data sheet, Kolb's Learning Style Inventory, and Isham's visualization skills test. Analysis Frequencies, means, and percentages were used to analyze the data. A two–way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test these hypotheses: (a) there is a relationship between students’ learning styles and visualization skills, and (b) factors that influence students’ visualization skills are their year in current major, preprofessional experience, and cultural background. Key Findings Results of this study revealed that there is a relationship between learning styles and visualization skills. Converger and Assimilator learning styles scored the highest on visualization tests. Year in major and cultural background were significant factors influencing skills. As students progress through their courses, visualization skills significantly improve, and the greatest improvement occurs between the second and fourth years. Asian/Asian American students scored highest on the visualization test. Conclusions Teaching methods need to be developed to enhance visualization skills for all learning styles for interior design students.
Sole Practitioner: Self–Employed or Contingent Worker? Investigating Worker Misclassification and Its Implications to Commercial Interior Design
Authors: Vollmer John L. 
Published: June 2008

Issue Sole practitioners in the area of contract design can be subject to compromise in their employer relationships. Designers who do not take stands against improper and illegal employer demands jeopardize their self–employed status and may become exploited workers. The employing firm, in turn, puts itself at risk with an IRS audit of worker classification. Goal Abuse of worker classification is recognized to be a general practice in many fields and professions nationwide. The goal was to examine this accommodative and destructive work pattern. Application Forfeiture through cooperation of the self–employed status has detrimental personal and financial results for the individual, creates adverse federal tax and employment benefit effects for both participants, denies self–employment, denigrates the interior design profession, and erodes all workers’ rights. Description Revelation of employment practices common in other industries and professions and knowledge of federal law provide a basis of understanding that can stop such illegal work behavior. Conclusion Industry acknowledgment of the exploitation will go a long way toward correction. However, sole practitioners themselves must reject employer requests to misrepresent their employment status. Federal enforcement of the law is helping, but professional associations, industry leaders, and design educators need to become strong advocates for conducting business the right way.
Collaborative Design Using the Internet: A Case Study
Authors: Matthews David , Weigand John 
Published: June 2008

Advances in Internet communication are redefining interior design education and suggest new and exciting potentials for collaboration and the sharing of knowledge. The goal of this project was to explore issues related to collaborative work using Internet communication to resolve a complex design problem. Interior design and architecture students at two universities participated in an exploratory studio project which took place over a seven–week time period. Students developed a working knowledge of several distance communications technologies as required to complete the detailed studio problem. Use of the Internet as a communication device for collaborative design allowed students, as future professionals, to challenge ways in which collaborative design is accomplished in the workplace. Just as importantly, new communications technologies suggest exciting possibilities for interuniversity, interdisciplinary, and student/professional partnering. As universities scramble to implement new technologies, it is incumbent on interior design educators to envision the potential of this technology and to construct learning experiences which challenge existing models for design and communication processes.
Effects of Hand–Drawing and CAD Techniques on Design Development: A Comparison of Design Merit Ratings
Authors: Brandon Lynn , McLain–Kark Joan 
Published: June 2008

This exploratory study examined interior design projects developed using traditional hand–drawing and computer–aided design (CAD) techniques to determine if differences exist on seven aspects of design merit in the resulting design solutions. Junior–level, interior design students (N=40) were matched into two groups based on their preference for hand–drawing or CAD design technique and a baseline creativity rating taken on a previous project. Groups completed the same project with one group using hand–drawing and the second group using CAD. Interior design educators used a previously developed instrument to rate each project on seven aspects of design merit: appropriateness, complexity, creativity, liking, novelty, originality, and thematic expression. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested each of the seven design merits to determine if significant differences in design merits existed for projects generated by the two groups. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) determined if differences existed between the hand–drawing and CAD groups when the seven design merits were analyzed simultaneously. The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed no significant differences between the two design techniques on the seven aspects of design merit when they were used in developing an interior solution. Both hand–drawn and CAD techniques were used effectively to generate viable design solutions. However, additional research examining the effects of these techniques is necessary before assumptions can be completely formulated regarding their impact on the design process.
Creativity Defined: Implicit Theories in the Professions of Interior Design, Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and Engineering
Authors: Portillo Margaret 
Published: June 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine implicit theories of creativity in related fields through a mail survey of 3 1 3 professors randomly selected from accredited programs in interior design, architecture, landscape architecture, and engineering. To describe a highly creative practitioner in their respective fields, the respondents completed the Gough Adjective Check List (ACL), scored with the Domino creativity scale (Cr). The interior design professors generated a profile of the creative practitioner that obtained a significantly higher mean score than did the architecture or engineering groups on the ACL–Cr scale. No other significant differences on the creativity scale appeared between groups. Exploratory analyses of individual ACL–Cr items found considerable agreement as to what constituted creativeness in implicit theories. At least 75 percent of the respondents in each group described the creative practitioner in their respective fields as imaginative, inventive, and adventurous. Disciplinary differences among groups surfaced in 21 traits on the ACL–Cr scale that were statistically significant in areas of artistic creativity, scientific creativity, intelligence, self–confidence, and task orientation. Further, the creative interior design practitioner was perceived as significantly more individualistic and original than in the other three fields, and sixteen other traits significantly differentiated interior design profiles from those posited in architecture, landscape architecture, or engineering. By promoting a scholarship of integration, findings reveal perceived traits of the creative practitioner in allied fields and advance interdisciplinary understanding. Design educators are encouraged to reflect on their own implicit theories of creativity and those of their students to acknowledge underlying assumptions about creativity that can influence innovation and collaboration.
Looking through the Lens of Gender: A Postmodern Critique of a Modern Housing Paradigm
Authors: Havenband Lucinda Kaukas 
Published: June 2008

The shift from a modern to postmodern paradigm has dramatically impacted the nature and content of academic inquiry and has opened new categories and methods for research. Interior design has been traditionally critiqued on the basis of aesthetics, formal qualities, function, health and safety, and social/behavioral factors. A postmodern critique expands that criteria to include analysis of how designs may be inscribed with particular ideologies and meanings and consideration of how these meanings may empower or disempower certain groups, or philosophies. In a feminist critique, that analysis considers specifically the ideology of gender. This paper will demonstrate the use of the postmodern deconstructive method of “close reading” in a feminist critique of the Case Study program, a paradigm for modern housing in postwar America. A close reading makes the assumption that the text is not neutral and attempts to discover its biases by thoroughly examining how information has been edited, framed, explained, and constructed. Through this method every aspect of the design process as it has been documented will be scrutinized as texts to examine ideas about roles for women that are constructed through this method; it will not only demonstrate how ideological issues, specifically in this case about gender, can be inscribed within our designs for built spaces, but also provide a greater awareness of our ability as designers to perpetuate, create, or eliminate stereotypes.
Interior Design Faculty Intentions to Adopt Distance Education
Authors: Bender Diane M. , Good Linda 
Published: June 2008

The purpose of this study was to assess whether behavioral modeling (via CD–ROM demonstration) could affect a change in interior design educators’ perceptions of distance education. The diffusion of innovations conceptual framework suggests that perceptions of an innovation's attributes will predict an individual's intent to adopt that innovation; using the diffusion of innovations framework suggest a manner to assess the acceptability and adoption of distance education by faculty members teaching in the arts. Little research has been conducted to assess distance education, or to better understand the limited participation in distance education efforts by faculty members in the arts (Abacus Associates, 2000). The sample for this study included 67 self–selected interior design faculty members from across the United States who had no previous experience with distance education. A Solomon four–group experimental design was used with a questionnaire that addressed the attributes (i.e., relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, complexify, and observability) of an innovation (i.e., distance education) and assessed intent to adopt that innovation. A 15–minute CD–ROM presentation demonstrating Web–based studio instruction served as the experimental treatment. Findings indicated that four components of this study—relative advantage, compatibility, trialability, and intent to adopt—have significant impact on interior design educators’ perceptions of distance education. Changes and strategies that may reduce educators’ resistance to adopt distance education into interior design curricula are suggested.
The Career Cycle Approach to Defining the Interior Design Profession's Body of Knowledge
Authors: Guerin Denise A. , Martin Caren S. 
Published: June 2008

The purpose of this study was to define and document the interior design profession's body of knowledge at a single point in time. This was done using a career cycle approach and a health, safety, and welfare framework. The method and framework used to define the body of knowledge are presented in the article. The body of knowledge was defined from a career cycle approach using the four stages of a professional interior designer's career cycle: education, experience, examination, and legal regulation (NCIDQa, 2003). A content analysis was conducted of the written documents of the organizations that represent each stage in the cycle. Eighty–one knowledge areas were identified from this content analysis and placed into one of seven categories: Codes; Communication; Design; Furnishings, Fixtures, and Equipment; Human Needs; Interior Building Construction; and Professional Practice. These categories and knowledge areas are what defined the interior design profession's body of knowledge based on this approach. Next, each knowledge area was analyzed using a health, safety, and welfare framework to determine its benefit to the public. Finally, a review of literature was conducted to document that the knowledge areas comprise the specialized knowledge necessary for the professional interior designer to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare. The method used to define the interior design profession's body of knowledge assessed several limited bodies of knowledge that had been developed for a specific purpose, such as education or examination. While this comprehensive body of knowledge reflects a single point in time, it provides a venue for dialogue from which revision can occur and updating can continue, leading to further development of the profession.
Hospital Birthing Room Design: A Study of Mothers’ Perception of Hominess
Authors: Shin Jung–Hye , Maxwell Lorraine E. , Eshelman Paul 
Published: June 2008

The objective of this research is to examine a select set of interior design elements for their contribution to the perception of hominess in a birthing environment. Seven interior design elements were studied. Seven line drawings were generated to illustrate variability in the manipulation level of each design element, resulting in a total of 49 line drawings. Subjects were asked to rate each of the 49 drawings with three different outcome measures: the degree of hominess perceived, the likeliness of using the setting as their birthing place (preference), and the perception of personal control. Researchers employed multiple comparisons with analysis of variance to investigate the contribution of each interior design element to each of the three outcomes. Relationships among the three outcomes were then investigated through coefficient correlation analysis. Finally, a General Linear Model was utilized to further investigate degree of impact of each design element. The findings indicate that perceived hominess in the birthing place is important to women. Furthermore, there is agreement about the use and manipulation of interior design in enhancing the perception of hominess. Successful design in hospital birthing settings can contribute to women's feeling of hominess by providing personal control over visual access, patient exposure, family visitation, and the immediate environment.
Nursing Home Design: A Student Challenge and Call for Change
Authors: Dickinson Joan I. 
Published: June 2008

Nursing homes are a major provider of long–term and healthcare services in the United States. Over 1.4 million people reside in a nursing home at any given point in time. Despite this growth, many nursing homes today resemble small hospitals due to cumbersome code regulations, functional requirements, and budget restraints. With the cging of America, interior design educators and students can play a proactive role in designing nursing homes that are more residential in nature but meet stringent codes and functional requirements. This report presents a nursing home project given to junior–level interior design students in a FlDERaccredited program and describes how students were encouraged to avoid the hospital image through the use of specific instructional tools. Students proposed change in the design of the nursing home by implementing residentially–oriented solutions that were appropriate for the facility and its residents. The literature on federal funding of nursing homes, along with code and budget requirements for new nursing home construction, is reviewed. The teaching precedents, instructional tools, project components, learning experiences, and student work ore described, along with student reactions to the project. The project successfully engaged students in creotive change in the design of residential nursing homes. In the future, however, more emphasis on the meaning of home, economic restraints, and exploration of other models of design should occur.
Pohjoinen Valo Museo: Visualizing Light through a Virtual Museum
Authors: Hedgecock Ericka M. 
Published: June 2008

This paper describes a design project that investigates exhibition design within the virtual environment. Pohjoinen Valo Museo, translated from Finnish as the Museum of Nordic Light, is an interactive, virtual museum environment that presents virtual exhibitions as a way to visualize unique lighting phenomena that occur in the Nordic region. The virtual museum is the product of an architectonic formula, one that combines metaphors of physical space and enclosure with the principles of contemporary exhibition design. A virtual exhibition can be defined as an experience that removes visitors from physical space, inviting them to interact with a world of information, display, and sensorial stimulation facilitated by digital technology. Visitors may access this new venue of interactive exhibits using any computer in the world. The Pohjoinen Valo Museo project seeks to explore the potential of designing an exhibition for the virtual environment using a metaphor for building in virtual space (e.g., for spatial definition, orientation, and navigation). Figure 1 illustrates the Pohjoinen Valo Museo's Light of Day Gallery on the autumnal equinox. The entire Pohjoinen Valo Museo virtual museum environment can be viewed at the following URL: http://www.orangehaus.com/pvm . Flash Player 5 or higher is required to view the site. A free download is available at http://www.macromedia.com