bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arrestin‐centred interactions at the membrane and their conformational determinants
Authors: Underwood Owen , Haider Raphael Silvanus , Sanchez Julie , Canals Meritxell 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMore than 30 years after their discovery, arrestins are recognised multiprotein scaffolds that play essential roles in G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) regulation and signalling. Originally named for their capacity to hinder GPCR coupling to G proteins and facilitate receptor desensitisation, arrestins have emerged as key hubs for a myriad of other functions, including receptor internalisation and scaffolding of signalling complexes. Recent structural studies have started to provide snapshots of the complexes formed by GPCRs and arrestins, supporting a wealth of biochemical data delineating the molecular determinants of such interactions. Furthermore, biophysical techniques have also provided key information with regards to the basal and active conformations of arrestins, and how these are affected upon GPCR activation. Here, we review the most recent advances on our understanding of GPCR‐arrestin complexes, from structure to interactions of arrestins with the lipid bilayer and other proteins. We also present an updated view on the development of tools to study the conformational flexibility of arrestins, with the potential to provide experimental data to describe the dynamic models of arrestin activation.
Melatonin and its bioisosteres as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Osipova N. A. , Panova A. Y. , Efremov A. M. , Lozinskaya N. A. , Beznos O. V. , Katargina L. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe conducted a study on the impact of intraperitoneal injections of melatonin and its three bioisosteres (compounds1–3) on the development of oxygen‐induced retinopathy in newborn rats during a 21‐day experiment. It was demonstrated that melatonin and its analogues1–3effectively reduce the total protein concentration in the vitreous body of rat pups, decrease concentration of VEGF‐A, and lower the level of oxidative stress (as indicated by normalization of antioxidant activity in the vitreous body). Melatonin and its analogues1–3equally normalize the level of VEGF‐A. Analogues1and2even exceed melatonin in their ability to reduce protein influx into the vitreous body. However, analogue2had no effect on antioxidant activity, while analogues1and3caused a significant increase in this parameter, with analogue3even slightly exceeding melatonin. Thus, it can be concluded that analogues1–3are comparable to melatonin and can be utilized as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.
Probing the Representational Structure of Regular Polysemy via Sense Analogy Questions: Insights from Contextual Word Vectors
Authors: Li Jiangtian , Armstrong Blair C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRegular polysemes are sets of ambiguous words that all share the same relationship between their meanings, such as CHICKEN and LOBSTER both referring to an animal or its meat. To probe how a distributional semantic model, here exemplified by bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), represents regular polysemy, we analyzed whether its embeddings support answering sense analogy questions similar to “is the mapping between CHICKEN (as an animal) and CHICKEN (as a meat) similar to that which maps between LOBSTER (as an animal) to LOBSTER (as a meat)?” We did so using the LRcos model, which combines a logistic regression classifier of different categories (e.g., animal vs. meat) with a measure of cosine similarity. We found that (a) the model was sensitive to the shared structure within a given regular relationship; (b) the shared structure varies across different regular relationships (e.g., animal/meat vs. location/organization), potentially reflective of a “regularity continuum;” (c) some high‐order latent structure is shared across different regular relationships, suggestive of a similar latent structure across different types of relationships; and (d) there is a lack of evidence for the aforementioned effects being explained by meaning overlap. Lastly, we found that both components of the LRcos model made important contributions to accurate responding and that a variation of this method could yield an accuracy boost of 10% in answering sense analogy questions. These findings enrich previous theoretical work on regular polysemy with a computationally explicit theory and methods, and provide evidence for an important organizational principle for the mental lexicon and the broader conceptual knowledge system.
Determinants of hyperparathyroidism in children after kidney transplantation
Authors: Glaberson Wendy , Seeherunvong Wacharee , Gaynor Jeffrey J. , Katsoufis Chryso , Defreitas Marissa , Bao Yong , Freundlich Michael , Ciancio Gaetano , Abitbol Carolyn , Chandar Jayanthi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionHyperparathyroidism (HPT) can contribute to metabolic bone disease following kidney transplantation. We evaluated post‐transplant trends in intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and determined predictors of HPT in pediatric kidney transplant (KTx) recipients.MethodsIn this single‐center study, retrospective data were collected on 88 children from 2013 to 2019. Data collected included dialysis vintage, biochemical parameters, post‐transplant trends in iPTH, 25(OH)Vitamin D levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR ml/min/1.73 m2). Pre‐transplant treatment for HPT was quantified with a Treatment Burden score (TB, score range: 0‐100). After log‐transforming skewed variables (iPTH and eGFR), multivariable linear regression was performed to determine predictors of log {iPTH} at 6 and 36 months (mo) post‐transplant.ResultsMedian age was 12.8 (range: 1.9‐20.5) years, and dialysis vintage was 11.2 (range: 0.0‐112.9) months. The majority were of Hispanic and African Ancestry (77.3%). Median post‐transplant iPTH was 69.5 (range: 1.8‐306.8) pg/ml at 6 mo with a gradual downward trend to 59.0 (range: 28.0‐445.0) pg/ml at 36 mo. Significant multivariable predictors of higher log {iPTH} post‐transplant included longer dialysis vintage, higher TB, and lower log{eGFR} at 6 mo, and higher TB, lower log{eGFR}, and deceased donor transplant at 36 mo.ConclusionsRecognition of risk factors for HPT and monitoring iPTH post‐transplant may facilitate timely interventions to mitigate cardiovascular and bone disease in pediatric KTx recipients.Key Message
Describe serial trends in intact PTH after kidney transplantation.
Pre‐ and post‐transplant factors that contribute to persistence or re‐occurrence of hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation in children include longer dialysis vintage, high pre‐transplant treatment burden and decreased post‐transplant GFR.
Recognition of these factors, and monitoring intact PTH after kidney transplantation, could facilitate timely interventions to mitigate cardiovascular and bone disease in children.
Effects of home‐based exergaming on cardio‐metabolic and cognitive health in physically inactive individuals
Authors: Melmer Andreas , Martin‐Niedecken Anna Lisa , Wehrli Wanda , Lüchinger Patrick , Riederer Yanick , Scott Sam , Pickles Jordan , Niedecken Stephan , Flagmeier David , Villiger Stephan , Jurt Roman , Kind Nicole , Witthauer Lilian , Schättin Alexandra , Stettler Christoph 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsTo examine the effects of a home‐based exergame training over 6 weeks on cardio‐metabolic and cognitive health, as well as training adherence, in physically inactive individuals.Materials and MethodsTwenty participants were equipped with an exergame system specifically designed for use at home. Each participant performed at least three weekly exercise sessions at ≥80% of their individual maximum heart rate, over 6 weeks. Exercise duration increased biweekly until 75 min of vigorous exercise were performed in Weeks 5 and 6. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), cardio‐metabolic profiling, and neuro‐cognitive tests were performed at baseline and study end. Additionally, training adherence was assessed via training diaries.ResultsAfter 6 weeks of home‐based exergaming, VO2max increased significantly, while there was a significant decrease in heart rate (resting and maximum), blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Dynamic balance and reaction time improved after 6 weeks of exergaming. Training adherence was 88.4%.ConclusionsHome‐based exergaming induced a clinically relevant increase in VO2max, a determinant of cardiovascular health, accompanied by further improvements in cardiovascular, metabolic and neuro‐cognitive parameters. Exergaming may, therefore, offer an innovative approach to increasing regular physical activity, improving metabolic risk profile, and preventing chronic diseases.
Recognising the rights of nature: How have the courts fared?
Authors: Ogboru Tolulope N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Rights of Nature (RoN) concept is an evolving theory in environmental law. It advocates that natural objects be respected and allowed to exist, thrive and flourish for themselves and not for utilitarian purposes. However, attempts to apply the rights often result in litigation. The outcomes of these cases have grave implications for the impact of the RoN concept on the development of jurisprudence and environmental protection, which will further determine its acceptance or rejection by the international community. An examination of some key cases reveals some positive developments that can enhance the implementation of the concept, but it also demonstrates that there are some challenges in the approach adopted by the courts. The article concludes that the RoN can be a jurisprudential tool to enhance environmental protection only where, in addition to well‐written constitutional and legislative provisions, court decisions in these cases are of practical consequences.
Synergistic effects of epoxyazadiradione (EAD) and paclitaxel against triple‐negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Sijisha Kunnathully Sudhan , Anusha Rajitha , Priya Sulochana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and chemo‐resistant form of breast cancer subtype, and chemotherapy is a vital treatment option for that. Paclitaxel is an effective chemo drug for TNBC. However, in clinical settings, paclitaxel has adverse side effects. The synergistic combination is the most promising method for overcoming undesirable toxicity and achieving a beneficial therapeutic outcome. Previous reports, including our study, showed certain anticancer potential of epoxyazadiradione (EAD), the neem limonoid, in different types of cancer cells, including TNBC.ObjectiveThis study was designed to investigate the possible synergistic effects of EAD and paclitaxel against TNBC cells.MethodsWe examined the effects of EAD and paclitaxel alone and in combination in MDA‐MB 231 cells, and the percentage cytotoxicity was used to calculate synergism. Characteristic apoptotic changes were observed by visualizing cellular morphology, nuclear fragmentation and membrane integrity. We further estimated anti‐migratory potential of experimental compounds by wound healing assay. The reduction in inflammation during combinatorial treatment was evaluated by observing NF‐κB translocation.ResultsThe combined treatment with EAD (5 μM) and paclitaxel (5 nM), which were used at doses lower than their individual IC50 concentrations, showed a synergistic effect in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. This combination effectively induced apoptosis and antimigration and reduced the inflammatory reactions induced by the higher dose of paclitaxel.ConclusionTo conclude, EAD could be the drug of choice for combined treatment with paclitaxel in a chemotherapy regimen.
Delaware County, Ohio, domestic relations court programs designed to reduce family conflict and reach agreements
Authors: Fuller Randall D. , Armstrong Amy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFamilies experiencing separation and divorce often find it difficult to provide emotional stability for children as the parents struggle with financial, parenting, and relationship decisions. The effect on children can be especially precarious. Adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs, are risk factors that potentially affect children for the rest of their lives. Parental separation and divorce are identified as adverse childhood experiences and the experiences of stress and loss, reduced parental effectiveness, and exposure to parental conflict, among other stressors, may explain some of the negative outcomes often observed in children following divorce. It is essential that public institutions, including courts, are informed about the risks and protective factors associated with ACEs and resolve to mitigate the effects for children and families whom they serve. Domestic Relations Courts are uniquely equipped to address the effects that parental separation and divorce have on children, given the courts' authority to govern the legal divorce and custody process. The Domestic Relations Court in Delaware, Ohio, is committed to assisting families navigate separation and divorce in a way that is in the best interests of all, especially the children. The Court has created four specific programs to help litigants navigate their emotions, create new narratives, and explore solutions to conflict outside of trial. These innovative programs go beyond traditional court practices to treat the spouses and parents as unique individuals, giving them ample opportunities to address traumatic events and be validated for their lived experience. The suite of services includes Settlement Weeks, Neutral Evaluation, Co‐parent Coaching, and Brief Family Assessments. In the subsequent sections, we will delve into each program, exploring their promise for improving outcomes for the public, the litigants, and the court as a whole.
Decoding autumn phenology: Unraveling the link between observation methods and detected environmental cues
Authors: Kloos Simon , Klosterhalfen Anne , Knohl Alexander , Menzel Annette 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLeaf coloring and fall mark the end of the growing season (EOS), playing essential roles in nutrient cycling, resource allocation, ecological interactions, and as climate change indicators. However, understanding future changes in autumn phenology is challenging due to the multitude of likely environmental cues and substantial variations in timing caused by different derivation methods. Yet, it remains unclear whether these two factors are independent or if methodological uncertainties influence the environmental cues determined. We derived start of growing season (SOS) and EOS at a mixed beech forest in Central Germany for the period 2000–2020 based on four different derivation methods using a unique long‐term data set of in‐situ data, canopy imagery, eddy covariance measurements, and satellite remote sensing data and determined their influence on a predictor analysis of leaf senescence. Both SOS and EOS exhibited substantial ranges in mean onset dates (39.5 and 28.6 days, respectively) across the different methods, although inter‐annual variations and advancing SOS trends were similar across methods. Depending on the data, EOS trends were advanced or delayed, but inter‐annual patterns correlated well (mean r = .46). Overall, warm, dry, and less photosynthetically productive growing seasons were more likely to be associated with a delayed EOS, while colder, wetter, and more photosynthetically productive vegetation periods resulted in an earlier EOS. In addition, contrary to recent results, no clear influence of pre‐solstice vegetation activity on the timing of senescence was detected. However, most notable were the large differences in sign and strength of potential drivers both in the univariate and multivariate analyses when comparing derivation methodologies. The results suggest that an ensemble analysis of all available phenological data sources and derivation methods is needed for general statements on autumn phenology and its influencing variables and correct implementation of the senescence process in ecosystem models.
History of the Hanse: Construction and deconstruction
Authors: Sicking Louis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article explores 150 years of historiography of the Hanse, the premodern trade network of mainly Low German merchants and their towns. It focusses on the construction of its infrastructure (the Hanseatic History Association, its source publications and its journal) and on the deconstruction of viewing the history of the Hanse in terms of its rise, greatness and fall. Instead, it looks at three different ways to grasp and understand the Hanse: (1) The dynamics of the so‐called “formative” period, (2) The formalization of the Hanse, and (3) Recent critical re‐evaluations of the main source editions of the Hanse, and the use of discourse or political communication at the so‐called Hanse diets, the meetings of Hanse towns. Finally, the relevance of the Hanse for wider historical debates and its use for present‐day purposes is discussed.
You can go your own way: Conducting a signage audit in a health library
Authors: Wise Katie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Library and Knowledge Services at the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust has been at its current location since 1975 and, in September 2020, it was deemed necessary to examine the library environment and assess the signage.ObjectivesThe main objective was to conduct a methodical assessment of all the current library signage in order to improve the library environment, wayfinding, and clarity.MethodsA methodical signage audit was conducted by library staff, photographing signs, assigning them to categories, and creating a signage map.ResultsIn total, 58 different signs were counted in the library. Of these, 22 signs were deemed satisfactory, 4 should be moved to a more appropriate location, 15 should be updated with a branded design and better messaging, and 17 were recommended for removal.DiscussionThe results demonstrated that there were three main areas where signage could be improved: reducing the quantity of signs, updating the language and design, and the use of ad hoc signage.ConclusionBy assessing the signs and assigning categories and types, areas were identified as problem points that were impacting the library user's experience and small changes were implemented to improve the library environment.
When hidden politics become visible: Administrative burden experiences of older adults and professionals in home care
Authors: Benoit Maude , Marier Patrik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn the context of constraining services and support within public home care, this contribution analyses how older adults and home care workers experience and navigate administrative burdens. Relying on focus groups, interviews, and a survey conducted in the province of Québec (Canada), we demonstrate that older adults face an increasing number of administrative burdens designed to alter, delay, and restrict access to public services while homecare workers experience a loss of discretion in their practice due to the introduction of administrative requirements with dubious purposes. As such, administrative burdens play a vital role in the hidden politics of the welfare state and contribute to foster cynicism and a loss of faith in essential public services.
RETRACTED: Effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery on wound healing and pain in patients with high anal fistula: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xi Jie , Li Wei , Li Tao , Cao Shuai , Wei Sheng‐Chao , Xu Jia‐Cheng , Bi Yu‐He 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery on wound healing and pain in patients with high anal fistula, aiming to provide evidence‐based medical evidence for surgical method selection for these patients. A comprehensive computerized search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted to collect all relevant studies published up to November 2023, evaluating the effects of loose combined cutting seton surgery in treating patients with high anal fistulas. Two researchers independently screened, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the identified studies. RevMan 5.4 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 16 articles were included, comprising 1124 patients, with 567 undergoing loose combined cutting seton surgery and 557 undergoing simple cutting seton surgery. The analysis revealed patients undergoing loose combined cutting seton surgery had a higher rate of postoperative wound healing (97.44% vs. 81.69%, odds ratio [OR]: 7.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.29–13.10, p < 0.00001), shorter wound healing time (standardized mean differences [SMD]: −1.48, 95% CI: −1.89 to −1.08, p < 0.00001), lower postoperative wound pain scores (SMD: −2.51, 95% CI: −3.51 to −1.51, p < 0.00001), and a lower rate of postoperative complications (3.43% vs. 20.83%, OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05–0.31, p < 0.00001). The current evidence suggests that compared to simple cutting seton surgery, loose combined cutting seton surgery in treating high anal fistulas can promote postoperative wound healing, shorten wound healing time, alleviate pain, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, making it a worthy clinical practice for widespread application.
Effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty versus percutaneous kyphoplasty on post‐operative wound pain in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Si Xiaojing , Shan Dongli , Huo li , Hu Yongjun , Zou Chuanqi , Wang Boxin , Cao Junxiong , Wu Wenjie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis research is intended to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) versus percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), which is associated with post‐operative pain. Eligible studies were screened by searching multiple databases and sources such as PubMed, Cochrane and EMBASE for search terms updated to October 2023, and relevant literature sources were searched. Randomized, controlled, prospective or retrospective, and cohort studies were eligible. For the analysis of the primary results, an analysis of the data was carried out, such as mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). In the present research, 1933 research was screened in 4 databases, and 30 articles were chosen to be examined under strict exclusion criteria. No statistical significance was found in the use of bone cement in the PVP group and PKP (MD, −0.60; 95% CI, −1.40, 0.21, p = 0.15); PKP was associated with a reduced risk of cement leak compared with PVP group (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.38, 3.46, p = 0.0009); no statistical significance was found in the wound VAS score in PVP operation compared with that of PKP (MD, 0.16; 95% CI, −0.07, 0.40, p = 0.17); no statistical significance was found between the time of PVP operation and the time of PKP operation (MD, −2.65; 95% CI, −8.91, 3.60, p = 0.41). Compared with PVP technology, the PKP treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures reduces post‐operative cement leakage, but there is no significant difference in the number of operative cement and wound VAS after operation. Nor did there appear to be a statistically significant difference in time between the two operations.