bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermosolutal Stationary and Oscillatory Convection under Hall Currents of a Rivlin- Ericksen Nanofluid Confined between Horizontal Planes
Authors: Bishnoi Jaimala , Kumar Shubham 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The goal of this research is to investigate the combined impact of Hall currents and Salt gradient on an elastico-viscous nanofluid saturated in a continuous medium. To characterize the rheological behavior of an elastico-viscous nanofluid, the Rivlin-Ericksen type fluid model is used. The presence of nanoparticles enhances the thermal conductivity of the fluid, and the model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. For the linear stability analysis, the Galerkin-type weighted residual approach has been applied. The effect of non-dimensional parameters such as concentration Rayleigh number, solutal Rayleigh number, Lewis number, modified diffusion ratio, magnetic number, and Hall parameter is explored numerically. It has been observed that the Hall currents have a dual effect on the system in the presence of salt. It is also analyzed that oscillatory convection exists for aluminum nanoparticles. The results are shown graphically and numerically.
WITHDRAWN: A recent perspective on the potential of grid-connected renewable energy systems including optimal design for the pharmaceutical industry of North Indian Himalayan, India
Authors: Gupta Ankush , Suhag Prof. Sathans 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The objective of the research is to assess the techno-economic potential of a structure designed to meet the energy requirements of the Indian pharmaceutical industry (PMI) for the North Indian Himalayan (NIH) region, India, and the same structure is implemented for one site in each state and each union territory of the NIH. Besides, several grid-connected and off-grid hybrid renewable energy system (RES) configurations are evaluated using the HOMER software for the sake to figure out which configuration has the most technical and economic potential. Grid-WECS-PV has been found to be the optimal configuration for each NIH site, and it has been recognised that hybrid RESs have a substantial impact on the economic aspect, the cost of electricity (COE) of this configuration for the sites in Solan, Samba, Kargil, and Jadhang is lower than their respective grid tariff, and the difference between COE and the corresponding grid tariff varies based on the climate of site. As therefore, this investigation explores the potential to develop dynamic behaviour for energy utilization for PMI building in NIH, India, with a decline in overall manufacturing costs, which also adheres to the target of "Promotion of Bulk Drug Parks" that has been announced by the Indian government and promotes hybrid industrialization.
Protective effect of lactic acid bacteria intervention on copper-induced liver injury
Authors: Guo Xiaoyin , Liu Yuncai , Zheng Jiahong , Jiang Menghui , Zhao Yanjie , Piao Jinmei 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Although copper (Cu) is an essential trace element, health damages caused by Cu overdose have occurred with the widespread use of Cu in industry and agriculture, among others. Excessive exposure to Cu can lead to liver accumulation and cytotoxicity. To address the growing risk of Cu exposure, a safe and effective method to remove Cu is needed. Recent studies have shown that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are effective in binding and removing heavy metals from liquids. The aim of this study was to investigate the damaging effects of long-term low-dose Cu exposure on the liver and the protective effects of LAB intervention on the liver.
Methods
we exposed Wistar rats to different Cu concentrations and intervened with LAB. Results demonstrated that Cu exposure caused liver tissue damage and impaired liver function, which were partially alleviated by LAB intervention.
Results
Cu exposure increased liver inflammation and oxidative stress, evidenced by elevated IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA levels, and reduced SOD and MDA expression. LAB intervention mitigated these effects, reducing Nrf2 downstream gene expression (Keap-1, GCLC, HO-1, TrxR, NQO1), indicative of hepatocyte oxidative stress protection. Cu exposure altered upstream (PP65, PJNK) and downstream (Bax, Bcl-2) Nrf2 pathway genes, implicating oxidative stress and apoptosis. LAB intervention attenuated these effects, suggesting a protective role against Cu-induced liver damage via Nrf2 pathway modulation.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that Cu exposure impairs the structure and function of rat liver, whereas Nrf2 regulates Cu exposure-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. LAB intervention effectively protects the liver and mitigates Cu-induced damage.
Association between Sputum Culture Conversion and Body Mass Index among Multidrug- Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Punjab, Pakistan: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Akhtar Abdul Majeed , Khan Iqra Hamid , Shah Fatima Iftikhar , Kanwal Shamsa , Majeed Sufia , Aremu Abdulmujeeb Babatunde 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background:The global challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) presents a substantial public health concern, requiring extended and complex treatment regimens. It is crucial to understand the factors impacting treatment results, particularly sputum culture conversion and body mass index (BMI). This retrospective cohort investigation conducted in Punjab, Pakistan, sought to explore the correlation between BMI and sputum culture conversion in individuals diagnosed with MDR-TB.
Material and Methodology: Data from 2663 confirmed MDR-TB patients across multiple Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis PMDT sites in Punjab, Pakistan, were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, BMI, comorbidities, previous TB treatments, and drug resistance were evaluated. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the association between time to sputum culture conversion and patient characteristics.
Results: The study compared MDR-TB treatment outcomes based on BMI categories (≥18.5 vs. <18.5 Kg/m^2). It involved 1626 employed patients, with a mean age of 33 ± 15 years, displaying baseline body weights averaging 48±7 kg (normal weight) and 37±6 kg (underweight). On average, sputum culture conversion occurred at 4 months, with approximately 37% achieving conversion within this period. Among several factors studied, univariate analysis identified BMI <18.5 Kg/m^2, prior first-line drug treatment, and comorbidities as significantly associated with failure to achieve sputum culture conversion within 6 months. In multivariate analysis, failure to achieve conversion was notably linked to BMI <18.5 Kg/m^2, previous first-line drug treatment, and resistance to fluoroquinolone drugs.
Conclusion: This study provided valuable insights between sputum culture conversion, BMI, and drug resistance among MDR-TB patients. While around half of the patients achieved sputum culture conversion within six months, factors such as comorbidities, previous TB treatment, and drug resistance significantly influenced treatment outcomes.
Patterns of Internet Addiction in an Italian sample: 100% of the sample experience Nomophobia
Authors: Marcolini Federica , Buffa Gabriele , Valenta Silvia Tempia , De Ronchi Diana , Atti Anna Rita 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Internet Addiction Disorder, a concept introduced for the first time by Ivan Goldberg in 1995, is one of the most recently identified forms of addiction, but already considered a real psychosocial phenomenon, capable of having a profound impact on different aspects of social and psychological life of individuals. One of its most recently identified manifestations is Nomophobia, a neologism formed from the combination of terms such as "no mobile", "phone" and "phobia”, that can be understood as the fear of feeling disconnected. It is today considered a situational phobia, characteristic of contemporary times. The most common symptoms include excessive cell phone use, and constant anxiety at the thought of losing the internet connection. Others are, for example, the “Ringxiety”, or ringing anxiety, or the “phantom vibration syndrome”.
This study aims to examine the spread of Nomophobia in the Italian population, evaluating psychopathological correlations that can explain its diffusion.
Methods: Between January and May 2023, an anonymous online questionnaire was randomly sent to the general population. Alongside with tests to evaluate psycho-social features, the instrument used to study Nomophobia was the Nomophobia Questionnaire(NMP-Q), in its Italian version.
Results: The sample consists of 253 people (145 F, 108 M), with an average age 33.5 years (sd 14). In our sample, 100% of the subjects tested positive for Nomophobia. Values indicating a state of severe Nomophobia are found in 11.5% of the sample (F 57.9%, M 24.1%). The young population, between 18 and 25 years old, represents 46.6% of the affected population, but more than 55.2% of severe cases. The severe cases correlate positively (p<0,05) with findings of high impulsiveness. There are no other studies that investigate the psychopathological correlates of Nomophobia among Italians.
Conclusions: Despite possible biases, the data obtained are an alarming sign of the spread of internet addiction that characterizes our times, of which the excessive use of cell phones in the form of Nomophobia is an expression. Despite their now undisputed usefulness, mobile devices are capable of causing the onset of serious health problems, starting from exposure to radiation capable of causing dermatitis. Furthermore, they dramatically interfere with driving safety, becoming a major cause of road accidents. Considering these consequences, it appears to be extremely important to characterize the phenomenon, as well as its psychosocial determinants, in order to proceed with its better definition and prevention.
Comparability of NARX Model to SWAT Model in Simulating Future Water Resources Scenarios using CMIP6 Climate Model Outputs over UASB, Ethiopia
Authors: Balcha Yonas Abebe , Kaveh Kevian , Alamirew Tena , Malcherek Andreas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Quantifying water resource potential is crucial for making well-informed decisions in planning, managing, and developing water resources within a given study area. This study utilizes an ensemble of climate variables derived from five CMIP6 climate models (ECEARTH3, GFDL-ESM4, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MRIESM2, and INM-CM5-0) to simulate future monthly streamflow conditions over the Upper-Awash Sub-Basin (UASB) for three Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenarios (SSP1.26, SSP2.45, & SSP5.85) until the end of the 21st century. Streamflow simulations are conducted using both a non-linear data-driven model, NARX, and a physically based model, SWAT. These models are trained and validated using observed streamflow data from a gauging station at the outlet of the sub-basin. During training, the NARX model exhibits a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 94%, while the SWAT model achieves 88%. In validation, NARX maintains a high NSE of 92%, compared to SWAT's 82%. Overall, the NARX model demonstrated superior performance and applicability for quick streamflow simulation with fewer input variables. However, it struggles with peak flow simulations due to its sensitivity to outliers in the training phase. Despite differences in their capabilities, both models project an increase in future monthly streamflow across all scenarios and time periods. Seasonal projections indicate a rise in streamflow during the rainy seasons of spring and summer, while dry periods (Dec-Jan-Feb) experience a decrease. The anticipated increase in streamflow during rainy seasons may exacerbate flood incidences, especially when combined with escalating industrialization and population growth within the sub-basin.
Impact of Extraction Method on the Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced with Natural Fiber from Agave Americana L
Authors: Mansouri Afef , Nasr Jalel Ben , Hentati Fatma , Amar Mohamed Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

In this study, we introduce a novel extraction technique involving burying lignocellulosic fibers from the leaves of Agave Americana L in soil. These fibers are then used to reinforce a polymer epoxy, aiming to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of the composite material. The aim is to valorize Agave Americana L, which is abundant and available in large quantities in Tunisia. The fiber content for the composites was chosen (0%, 10%, and 20%) to enhance the properties of the polymer composite. The mechanical, physical, and morphological properties of the composites were evaluated using SEM and EDX. Results showed that the flexural properties of the composites, based on biological and raw fibers (RFE10, FE10, RFE20, and BFE20), increased with the higher content of agave fibers. Furthermore, the mechanical findings revealed flexural strength varying between 141.74 and 161.92 MPa, and a modulus strength ranging between 8902 and 13674 MPa for biological fiber weights of 10% and 20%, respectively.
In Silico Investigation of Mandibular Reconstruction: Tissue Differentiation Dynamics with Particulate-Cancellous Bone Marrow Grafts under Varied Bite Forces and Implant Elastic Moduli
Authors: Sulaiman Muhammad Yusril , Wicaksono Satrio , Dirgantara Tatacipta , Mahyuddin Andi Isra , Sadputranto Seto Adiantoro , Oli'I Eka Marwansyah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Mandibular defects caused by disease, congenital, or other causes affect the patient's quality of life, and mandibular reconstruction is important to restore the functional and aesthetic aspects. Particulate-cancellous bone marrow (PCBM) as the grafting material of the reconstruction offers promising outcomes with fewer surgical complication risks. However, a stable mechanical environment is required for effective healing, while implant failures are still encountered. This paper explores tissue differentiation during mandibular reconstruction with PCBM graft healing using biphasic mechanoregulation theory under four bite force magnitudes and four implant elastic moduli to examine its implication on healing rate, implant stress distribution, and various biomechanical properties. The numerical model used in this study was a half Canis lupus mandible, symmetrical about the midsagittal plane, with two marginal defects in which filled by PCBM graft and stabilized by porous implants. The results showed bone tissue origin and propagation to the experimental findings, where it propagates from the superior side and the buccal and lingual sides in contact with the native bone, starting from the outer regions and progressing inward. Faster healing and quicker development of bone graft elastic modulus and mandible equivalent stiffness were observed in the variants with lower bite force magnitude and or larger implant elastic modulus. A load-sharing condition was found as the healing progressed. This study has implications for a better understanding of mandibular reconstruction mechanobiology and demonstrated a novel in silico framework that can be used for post-operative planning and implant design.
Generating Attribute Similarity Graphs: A User Behavior-Based Approach from Real- Time Microblogging Data on Platform X
Authors: Hasan Md Ahsan Ul , Bakar Azuraliza Abu , Yaakub Mohd Ridzwan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Social network analysis is a powerful tool for understanding various phenomena, but it requires data with explicit connections among users. However, such data is hard to obtain in real-time, especially from platforms like X, commonly known as Twitter, where users share topic-related content rather than personal connections. Therefore, this paper tackles a new problem of building a social network graph in real-time where explicit connections are unavailable. Our methodology is centred around the concept of user similarity as the fundamental basis for establishing connections, suggesting that users with similar characteristics are more likely to form connections. To implement this concept, we extracted easily accessible attributes from the Twitter platform and proposed a novel graph model based on similarity. We also introduce an Attribute-Weighted Euclidean Distance (AWED) to calculate user similarities. We compare the proposed graph with synthetic graphs based on network properties, online social network characteristics, and predictive analysis. The results suggest that the AWED graph provides a more precise representation of the dynamic connections that exist in real-world online social networks, surpassing the inherent constraints of synthetic graphs. We demonstrate that the proposed method of graph construction is simple, flexible, and effective for network analysis tasks.
Lessons learned from the launch and implementation of the COVID-19 contact tracing program in New York City: a qualitative study
Authors: Paul Margaret , Kwok Lorraine , Massar Rachel E. , Chau Michelle , Larson Rita , Bendik Stefanie , Thorpe Lorna E. , Bershteyn Anna , Islam Nadia , Berry Carolyn A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

On June 1, 2020, NYC Health + Hospitals, in partnership with the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, other city agencies, and a large network of community partners, launched the New York City Test & Trace (T2) COVID-19 response program to identify and isolate cases, reduce transmission through contact tracing, and provide support to residents during isolation or quarantine periods. In this paper, we describe lessons learned with respect to planning and implemention of case notification and contact tracing. Our findings are based on extensive document review and analysis of 74 key informant interviews with T2 leadership and frontline staff, cases, and contacts conducted between January and September 2022. Interviews elicited respondent background, history of program development, program leadership and structure, goals of the program, program evolution, staffing, data systems, elements of community engagement, trust with community, program reach, timeliness, equity, general barriers and challenges, general facilitators and best practices, and recommendations/improvement for the program. Facilitators and barriers revealed in the interviews primarily revolved around hiring and managing staff, data and technology, and quality of interactions with the public. Based on these facilitators and barriers, we identify suggestions to support effective planning and response for future case notification and contact tracing programs, including recommendations for planning during latent periods, case management and data systems, and processes for outreach to cases and contacts.
Exploring the Correlation Between Varied Serum Iodine Nutritional Levels and Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies
Authors: Song Qiuyi , Xu Tingting , Wang Yu , Wei Hongyan , Chen Yanting , Fang Fang , Cui Tingkai , Pan Ziyun , Guo Xiaohui , Chen Wen , Shen Jun , Zhang Wanqi , Tan Long 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Objective
Iodine deficiency results in elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations, with high iodine Tg being more immunogenic than low iodine Tg. The study investigated the correlation between serum iodine concentration and thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) levels across diverse iodine nutritional statuses as determined by urine iodine concentration (UIC).
Methods
Demographic information was collected from 1,482 participants through a questionnaire. Blood and spot urine were collected to measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TgAb, thyroid anti-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), serum iodine (SIC), serum non-protein-bound iodine (snPBI), urine iodine (UIC), creatinine (UCr).
Results
The median UIC and SIC were 146.5 µg/L and 74.9 µg/L, respectively. A linear relationship was observed between SIC, snPBI, and serum-protein-bound iodine (sPBI) (P < 0.001). The 90% reference intervals for SIC, snPBI, and sPBI were 50.7-120.7 µg/L, 21.9–52.9 µg/L, and 19.7–77.9 µg/L, respectively. The prevalence of elevated TgAb levels was significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Both low and high levels of snPBI and sPBI were associated with an increased risk of elevated TgAb levels. In women, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of snPBI (OR = 2.079, 95%CI: 1.166, 3.705) and sPBI (OR = 2.578, 95%CI: 1.419, 4.684) was higher. In men, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of StI was higher (OR = 3.395, 95%CI: 1.286, 8.962).
Conclusion
Iodine might exert an influence on TgAb levels through its binding to proteins, primarily Tg, thereby altering the iodine content of Tg. The interplay of gender factors further enhanced the risk of TgAb emergence.
Development of a disease diagnostic model to predict the occurrence of central precocious puberty of female
Authors: Zhao Manman , Feng Guoshuang , Cao Bingyan , Zheng Yannan , Gong Chunxiu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective
To develop a clinical model for predicting the occurrence of Central Precocious Puberty based on the breast development outcomes in chinese girls.
Methods
We established a retrospective cohort of girls with early breast development aged 6–9 years who visited the outpatient clinic of Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2017 to October 2022. Based on their breast development outcomes, the patients were divided into a pubertal development(PD) group and a premature thelarche (PT) group. Anthropometry, clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables ascertained were screened using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and logistic regression to construct a disease diagnostic model. Accuracy of the model was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Results
The development cohort included 1001 girls aged 6–9 years. The mean (SD) age of patients was 7.86 (0.54) years, 36.4% of patients were finally diagnosed with PD, the other 63.6% were diagnosed with PT. From 14 potential predictors, 4 variables (bone age (BA)/chronological age (CA), basal luteinizing hormone (LH) level, uterine diameter and ovarian volume) were independent predictive factors. Body mass index (BMI) were considered to have some clinical significance. So the 5 variables included in the disease diagnostic model. BA/CA (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 0.80–4.56; P < 0.001), basal LH level (OR, 8.08; 95% CI, 3.63–11.03; P < 0.001), uterine diameter (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.34–1.22; P = .0006), ovarian volume (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.03–1.09; P = 0.07), BMI (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, -0.06-0.15; P = 0.27), The mean AUC in the development cohort was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.88–1.05) and the AUC in the validation cohort was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.79–1.08).
Conclusions : In this study, a disease diagnostic model was developed that may help predict a girl’s risk of diagnosing central precocious puberty.