bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rescuing aging space physics data sets
Authors: Waite J. Hunter 
Published: October 2006

Enormous amounts of valuable data have been collected from the rocket and spacecraft missions conducted by NASA and other federal agencies over the past 35 years, as well as from collaborations with groundbased experiments and international space missions. What do we now do with all these perishable data?Many of the NASA data sets have been archived in the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. Most of the data sets from spacecraft operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are archived in the National Geophysical Data Center in Boulder, Colo., and other data sets are archived at various regional data centers. Yet there are undoubtedly many data sets that reside with the instrument's principal investigators or associate researchers at various universities, colleges, and aerospace laboratories—data that are not now included in the national archiving effort. Many of these data sets include highly reduced, value‐added data, which required significant resources to acquire and reduce.
ODP Leg 148 barely misses deepest layer
Authors:   ODP Leg 148 Shipboard Scientific Party
Published: October 2006

The deepest scientific oceanic borehole to date, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 504B, has penetrated 2111 m below the sea‐floor (mbsf) and over 1800 m subbasement, bringing it near the bottom layer of the oceanic crust. The site is located in 5.9‐m.y.‐old crust 200 km south of the Costa Rica Rift in the eastern Pacific (Figure 1). To continue testing the accuracy of seismic and pertrologic models for the layered structure of oceanic crust, the ODP scientific party returned to Hole 504 in January 1993, commencing Leg 148 of the project to retrieve samples from the borehole beyond the depths reached by previous drilling legs.Earlier drilling in Hole 504 confirmed models for the structure of the uppermost 2 km of oceanic crust, and the site became a reference section for upper crustal petrology, geochemistry, hydrothermal alteration, and magnetic and physical properties [Becker et al., 1989] Results obtained during Leg 140, along with seismic evidence, had suggested that the next drilling leg could penetrate into the top of the deepest layer of crust [Dick et al., 1992]. Leg 148 drilling results indicate that Hole 504B has now penetrated into the seismic transition to layer 3—the deepest layer of crust; however, actual penetration into the gabbros, coarse‐grained basaltic rocks that crystallized from the slowly cooled magma, and determination of how the lithologic and seismic transitions are related were prevented when the drill bit hit a fault and was left at the bottom of the hole.
NOAA environmental satellite to be launched
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Through a joint effort of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA, an environmental satellite for monitoring Earth's oceans and atmosphere is set for launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., July 13.NOAA‐1, to be named NOAA‐13 once in orbit, will observe a different portion of the Earth's surface on its orbit every 102 minutes. The satellite will view Earth's entire surface and cloud cover once every 12 hours, collecting meteorological and ocean data jointly with NOAA‐11 and ‐12 for direct transmission to users worldwide and to central data processing centers.
Global Younger Dryas?
Authors: Alley R. , Bond G. , Chappellaz J. , Clapperton C. , Del Genio A. , Keigwin L. , Peteet D. 
Published: October 2006

Researchers examining the Younger Dryas (YD) paleoclimatic oscillation were brought together at an international, interdisciplinary workshop sponsored by PAGES (Past Global Climate Changes) and the Lamont‐ GISS (Goddard Institute for Space Studies) Climate Center and organized by D. Peteet. The workshop was held April 29–30 at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, N.Y.The YD event was a major return to cold conditions that occurred approximately 11‐10,000 radiocarbon years B.P., after the warming trend following the last ice age. This pronounced and rapid cooling, identified almost a century ago in terrestrial records, continues to challenge our thinking about how various components of the biosphere, ocean, atmosphere, and cryosphere interact on short time scales. Because it is clearly evident in terrestrial, marine, and ice core repositories, the evidence provides an intriguing example of past climate fluctuation that is relevant for future climate change.
Workshop on geophysical grain flows
Authors: Hanes Daniel M. 
Published: October 2006

“Geophysical Grain Flows: Fluid‐Grain Interactions in Coastal Sand Transport” was the focus of a workshop held from March 10 to 14 on Amelia Island, Fla. The workshop was sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the University of Florida. Approximately thirty‐five participants from ten different countries attended, representing universities, government laboratories, and private companies.During the workshop, one of the largest and strongest storms in the recorded history of North America impacted the eastern half of the United States. The local response of the beach at Amelia Island to this storm was striking and somewhat surprising. There was substantial accretion and widening of the beach. While the morphological changes in the beach profile were of medium to large scale, it is intriguing to realize that the changes resulted from the integrated motion of an uncountable number of sand grains, each moving more or less independently, yet cumulatively producing a wider beach.
Local detection of tropospheric OH and HO2
Authors: Crosley David R. 
Published: October 2006

As the primary oxidizing agent responsible for the removal of most trace gases, including CH4 and other hydrocarbons, CO, H2, and hydrogenated halocarbons, the hydroxyl radical, OH, is central to the chemistry of the troposphere. OH oxidizes SO2 to sulfuric acid, NH3 to NO, and NO2 into the inactive HNO3 reservoir. OH is formed primarily following O3 photolysis by sunlight at wavelengths below 315 nm, producing O(1D) atoms that react with H2O to make OH. It is destroyed largely by reaction by CO and CH4 in the clean troposphere, although other reactants play roles near forests or in polluted areas.A simple balance between approximate production and destruction rates indicates a chemical lifetime for an individual OH molecule of about 1 s and a typical daytime concentration of about 3×106 molecules/cm3. OH is also closely linked to the HO2 radical through reactions with NO, O3, and hydrocarbons, and the two form the so‐called HOx family. HO2 is present typically at concentrations about a hundred times that of OH and has a chemical lifetime of a few minutes; this is the effective lifetime of the HOx family because of the rapid cycling between the two radicals.
ROV technical specifications outlined
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

An information and technical specifications document (Version 1.0, July 22, 1993) describing their remotely operated and towed vehicle facilities available for deep ocean research has been prepared by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.The current WHOI suite of ROV and towed systems for use in scientific field data acquisition consists of Jason‐Medea, ARGOII, and the high‐frequency (120 kHz, 200 kHz), side‐looking sonars. The document provides an overview of each of these systems along with detailed specifications and at‐sea manpower requirements. It also describes the various data products available to science parties who use these systems. Guidelines for preparation of science proposals that use the WHOI ROV or towed systems are provided as Appendix B to the document.
AGU Front Range Branch Meeting
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU's 1993 Front Range Branch Meeting was held at the Colorado School of Mines, Golden, in February. The 2‐½‐day meeting emphasized research relating to the Rocky Mountains, the Front Range, the High Plains, and other research done by geophysicists from this region. The meeting traditionally has a plenary format, with no concurrent sessions, which fosters interdisciplinary cooperation.The speaker at the evening function was Richard Kerr, senior writer for Science. His talk, “Science and the Media Consider What Killed the Dinosaurs,” combined the ever‐popular subject of dinosaurs with the ever‐present concern of media representation.
Arctic research vessel design would expand science prospects
Authors: Elsner Robert , Kristensen Dirk 
Published: October 2006

The U.S. polar marine science community has long declared the need for an arctic research vessel dedicated to advancing the study of northern ice‐dominated seas. Planning for such a vessel began 2 decades ago, but competition for funding has prevented construction. A new design program is underway, and it shows promise of opening up exciting possibilities for new research initiatives in arctic marine science.With its latest design, the Arctic Research Vessel (ARV) has grown to a size and capability that will make it the first U.S. academic research vessel able to provide access to the Arctic Ocean. This ship would open a vast arena for new studies in the least known of the world's seas. These studies promise to rank high in national priority because of the importance of the Arctic Ocean as a source of data relating to global climate change. Other issues that demand attention in the Arctic include its contributions to the world's heat budget, the climate history buried in its sediments, pollution monitoring, and the influence of arctic conditions on marine renewable resources.
Milestones in Geospace Environment Modeling
Authors: Lotko William 
Published: October 2006

This article, the first of a series of three on the GEM program to appear in Eos, provides an overview of the program organization and current scientific activities. The second article by George Siscoe will report on GGCM development, and the third article by Larry Lyons will report on the GEM observing campaigns and data/model comparisons.The Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) Program is now in its third year as one of the U.S. global change programs receiving core support from the Geosciences Directorate of the National Science Foundation. The GEM program is contributing to progress in space environment forecasting and to the fundamental understanding of geospace in general by enabling the construction of a Geospace General Circulation Model (GGCM) with predictive capabilities. The observational component of the program provides for the deployment and intercalibration of a worldwide network of ground‐based instruments that are used to monitor the dynamical state of the magnetosphere and ionosphere, as well as statistical trends in their variations. Because the scope of both the modeling and observing efforts are ambitious and global, GEM participants are making use of resources within both the U.S. and international space and atmospheric science communities that effectively leverage the modest resources that are currently available for the program from NSF.
AGU helps award grants to Former Soviet scientists
Authors: Holmes John 
Published: October 2006

AGU has agreed to help the International Science Foundation distribute up to $100 million in awards and grants to scientists in the former Soviet Union over the next 2 years.As part of ISF's new Long‐Term Research Grants Program, AGU has been asked to put together two expert panels to review proposals. Earth Sciences Panel I will cover geology, geophysics, and geochemistry. Earth Sciences Panel II will cover geography, soil science, meteorology, atmospheric sciences, and what the Russians call “oceanology.” Hydrology is expected to be included in the meteorology section.
1993 Spring Meeting attendance hits a new high
Authors: Furlong Kevin P. 
Published: October 2006

The 1993 Spring Meeting, held from May 24 to 28 in Baltimore, Md., and jointly sponsored by AGU, the Mineralogical Society of America, and the Geochemical Society, was the largest Spring Meeting. Approximately 2,288 papers were presented and 3,154 scientists attended.In addition to the breadth and quality of the scientific sessions, attendees seemed to appreciate the spaciousness of the Baltimore Convention Center, the superb weather, and the Sunday afternoon ballgame at the new Orioles Park at Camden Yards.
McPhee receives Sullivan Award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

John McPhee is the recipient of AGU's 1993 Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Scientific Journalism. He was honored for his series “Annals of the Former World: Assembling California,” which appeared in The New Yorker last September and is now available as a book.“This is the most concise and accurate portrayal of plate tectonics for the general public,” said Don Anderson, a member of the Sullivan judging panel and the citationist for this year's award. “It offers complex ideas in a literary and enjoyable, understandable fashion.”
AGU forms Global Change Committee
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

AGU is creating a new committee on global environmental change, announced AGU President Ralph Cicerone. The idea was proposed by several AGU members and section officers, he said. They convinced him that AGU's efforts are needed for the science of human‐accelerated environmental change to progress well. In addition, Cicerone noted that the focus on this topic will challenge and broaden AGU and many of its members.Volunteers are encouraged to serve on this new committee. Interested AGU members should contact Cicerone, AGU Executive Director Fred Spilhaus, or AGU Director of Education and Research Gene Bierly at AGU Headquarters no later than September 15.
New approach to technology advocated at House briefing
Authors: White Catherine 
Published: October 2006

At a House Committee on Science, Space and Technology briefing on July 26, witnesses from the Institute for Policy Studies testified in support of a new approach to technology emphasizing science and technology for the public good and focusing on small, widely distributed projects.The testimony was based on the institute's recently published book, Technology for the Common Good, which concludes that in the wake of the Cold War era, technology policy should advance the broad public good over the narrow interests of a few businesses and budget‐hungry agencies. The book echoes a report released by the Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government several weeks ago.
Key science legislation awaits final action
Authors: Jones Richard M. 
Published: October 2006

Congress is now in recess and will return to work on September 7, leaving only 4 weeks to complete action on a number of key science funding bills. Fiscal year 1994 begins on October 1.On the “must‐do” list for Congress upon its return is Senate consideration and final House and Senate passage of HR2491, the VA, HUD, Independent Agencies Appropriations bill. Both the National Science Foundation and NASA are independent agencies funded under HR2491.
Nominations sought for AAAS award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The American Association for the Advancement of Science seeks nominations for its Award for International Scientific Cooperation, which recognizes an individual or small group for outstanding contributions to furthering international cooperation in science or engineering.AAAS presents this award in collaboration with its affiliated organizations in the AAAS Consortium of Affiliates for International Programs. A prize of $2,500, a certificate of citation, and travel expenses to the AAAS annual meeting to receive the award are included.
Brown continues crusade against earmarking
Authors: Leath Audrey T. 
Published: October 2006

House Science Committee Chairman George Brown (D‐Calif.), a crusader against earmarking of academic research and facilities, continues his efforts to raise the subject's visibility with a new report that was released on August 9.“Academic Earmarks: An Interim Report by the Chairman of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology” includes preliminary results of a survey of about fifty institutions receiving recent earmarks and offers a trio of recommendations to help stem the flood of unauthorized projects.
Weather satellite activity mixed
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

On August 21 at 7:15 P.M. EDT, controllers lost contact with the NOAA‐13 weather satellite due to a power system failure aboard the craft. Almost simultaneously, however, representatives of U.S. and European agencies signed an agreement promising mutual cooperation and backup of one another's geostationary weather satellites, effective when both agencies have systems in place, expected in 1995.The newest in a series of polar‐orbiting weather satellites, NOAA‐13 was launched on August 9 from Vandenburg Air Force Base, Calif., to monitor the Earth's ocean and atmosphere, collecting data for direct transmission to users around the world and to central data‐processing centers. According to officials at NASA and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, the spacecraft showed steadily decreasing battery voltages and currents during ground passes after 3:45 EDT on August 21, although output from the solar panels remained normal. Charles E. Thienel, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., stated that these circumstances indicate a failure in the circuitry between the solar arrays and the batteries.
Senate committee trims NSF, increases NASA funding
Authors: Jones Richard M. 
Published: October 2006

By a vote of 25‐0 on September 9, the full Senate Appropriations Committee sent to the floor its version of HR2491, the VA, HUD, Independent Agencies Appropriations bill for fiscal year 1994. The bill funds the National Science Foundation and NASA, among others.The Senate bill reduces NSF's fiscal 1994 budget by $39.3 million, or 1%, from the House version of HR2491. Under the Senate bill, NSF would receive a 9% increase over the current year, rising to $2981.9 million (current year: $2733.6 million; fiscal 1994 request: $3180.2 million.)
Committee makes NASA recommendations
Authors: Jones Richard , Leath Audrey 
Published: October 2006

A 208‐page report specifying the Senate Appropriations Committee's recommendations regarding NASA accompanied HR2491, the VA, HUD, Independent Agencies Appropriations Bill for fiscal year 1994.To help NASA regain its focus, the committee recommended that the agency reconvene the Augustine Commission panel to update its findings in light of new budget realities that the federal government now faces and to evaluate how successfully the agency has implemented its recommendations. The committee also recommended that independent panels be established to consider creating, within NASA, distinct national institutes for space science and aeronautical technology.
AGU's position on role of NSF
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

The following is AGU's position statement on the role of the National Science Foundation, adopted by the Executive Council on May 27.The National Science Foundation currently is authorized and directed to initiate and support basic scientific research and programs to strengthen scientific research potential and science education at all levels. All technical progress is built upon basic scientific research. Development of technology resulting from that basic science and transfer of that technology to industry are also vitally important to the United States but are the role of other agencies and the private sector rather than the NSF. The role of NSF in technology development and transfer should not be broadened, even if funds are added to NSF's budget.
Outstanding student paper awards
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2006

Two presentations in the Atmospheric Sciences Section were named “Outstanding Student Papers” at AGU's 1993 Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md.Teri L. Quin presented “Dry Deposition of Trace Element Aerosols Depositing on the Chesapeake Bay.” She is a doctoral candidate at the University of Maryland at College Park. Quin received a B.S. in chemistry from Jackson State University, Jackson, Miss. Her research interests include the characterization of sources of atmospheric particles and their effect on climate regimes, and her dissertation research focuses on the dry deposition of major, minor, and trace element aerosols to the Chesapeake Bay as a function of particle size and composition.
U.S./Russia to merge space efforts
Authors: Susan Bush 
Published: October 2006

The United States and Russia have put years of cold war rivalry in space behind them and agreed to merge some of their space programs. The joint statements on space, aeronautics, and scientific cooperation were signed on September 2 by Vice President Al Gore and Russian Prime Minister Victor Chernomyrdin.NASA Administrator Daniel S. Goldin is optimistic that this new agreement will mark the beginning of a new era of peace and cooperation among nations. “Our ability to study the Earth, to improve our talents as space explorers, and to ply the sea of space is improved dramatically by this new cooperative adventure,” he said.
Battle escalates against pork‐barrel politics
Authors: White M. Catherine 
Published: October 2006

Science, Space and Technology Committee Chairman George E. Brown, Jr., (D‐Calif.) has stepped up his fight against congressional earmarking and is now waging his battle on two fronts—in Congress and at the executive level. Earmarking targets funds for a specific unauthorized, unpeer‐reviewed project or facility in an appropriations bill or its accompanying report.While Congress has a long history of ear‐marking for public works projects, it has only been within the last decade that earmarking invaded the research arena. The practice has become widespread because of the increasing costs of research and the enormous need for funds to repair and renovate aging academic buildings.
Landsat 6 appears to be lost
Authors: White M. Catherine 
Published: October 2006

Earth resources satellite Landsat 6 was launched aboard a Titan II space launch vehicle from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., on October 5. But a week after what experts had thought was a successful launch, the $220 million satellite has not yet been contacted.“Initially, we thought the satellite went into the wrong orbit, but now we don't know if it ever went into orbit,” said Earth Observation Satellite Co. spokesperson Carla Adams on October 13. Angela Calos, spokesperson for NOAA, verified that contact has not been made with Landsat 6, adding “It is hard to tell right now whether the loss is permanent.”
Bond issue is boon to AGU
Authors: Burke Dennis 
Published: October 2006

A stable home in Washington, D.C., for AGU and a firm foundation upon which worldwide communication in the geophysical sciences can continue to evolve have been assured by the successful issuance of tax‐exempt District of Columbia municipal bonds. Approximately $11 million in lowinterest financing has recently been obtained by AGU through this bond issuance for the construction of the new headquarters. The building will have over 60,000 square‐feet of floor space and will include a modern conference facility that will seat up to 300 people.According to the bond underwriters, investors liked the AGU story and responded promptly to the offering. A large fraction of the bonds was sold within the first hour on September 15. Nearly 3% of the total purchase was by AGU members, an unusually high response level in the experience of the underwriters.