bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amazonian aerosol size distributions in a lognormal phase space: characteristics and trajectories
Authors: Unfer Gabriela R. , Machado Luiz A. T. , Artaxo Paulo , Franco Marco A. , Kremper Leslie A. , Pöhlker Mira L. , Pöschl Ulrich , Pöhlker Christopher 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This study introduces a first glance at Amazonian aerosols in the N–Dg–σ phase space. Aerosol data, measured from May 2021 to April 2022 at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), were fitted by a multi-modal lognormal function and separated into three modes: the sub-50 nm, the Aitken (50–100 nm), and the accumulation modes. The fit results were then evaluated in the N–Dg–σ phase space, which represents a three-dimensional space based on the three lognormal fit parameters. These parameters represent, for a given mode i, the number concentration (Ni), the median geometric diameter (Dg,i), and the geometric standard deviation (σi). Each state of a particle number size distribution (PNSD) is represented by a single dot in this space, while a collection of dots shows the delimitation of all PNSD states under given conditions. The connections in ensembles of data points show trajectories caused by pseudo-forces, such as precipitation regimes and vertical movement. We showed that all three modes have a preferential arrangement in this space, reflecting their intrinsic behaviors in the atmosphere. These arrangements were interpreted as volumetric figures, elucidating the boundaries of each mode. Time trajectories in seasonal and diurnal cycles revealed that fits with the sub-20 nm mode are associated with rainfall events that happen in the morning and in the afternoon. But in the morning they grow rapidly into the Aitken mode, and in the afternoon they remain below 50 nm. Also, certain modes demonstrated well-defined curves in the space, e.g., the seasonal trajectory of the accumulation mode follows an ellipsoid, while the diurnal cycle of the sub-50 nm mode in the dry season follows a linear trajectory. As an effect of the precipitation on the PNSDs and vice versa, N and Dg were found to increase for the sub-50 nm mode and to decrease for the Aitken and accumulation modes after the precipitation peak. Afternoons with precipitation were preceded by mornings with larger particles of the accumulation mode, whose Dg was ∼ 10 nm larger than in days without precipitation. Nevertheless, this large Dg in the morning seems to influence subsequent rainfall only in the dry season, while in the wet season both N and Dg seem to have the same weight of influence. The observed patterns of the PNSDs in the N–Dg–σ phase space showed to be a promising tool for the characterization of atmospheric aerosols, to contribute to our understanding of the main processes in aerosol–cloud interactions, and to open new perspectives on aerosol parameterizations and model validation.
Early 20th century Southern Hemisphere cooling
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan , Brugnara Yuri , Wilkinson Clive 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Global surface air temperature increased by ca. 0.5 °C from the 1900s to the mid-1940s, also known as Early 20th Century Warming (ETCW). However, the ETCW started from a particularly cold phase, peaking in 1908–1911. The cold phase was global but more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere and most pronounced in the Southern Ocean, raising the question of whether uncertainties in the data might play a role. Here we analyse this period based on reanalysis data and reconstructions, complemented with newly digitised ship data from 1903–1916, as well as land observations. The cooling is seen consistently in different data sets, though with some differences. Results suggest that the cooling was related to a La-Niña-like pattern in the Pacific, a cold tropical and subtropical South Atlantic, a cold extratropical South Pacific, and cool southern midlatitude land areas. The Southern Annular Mode was positive, with a strengthened Amundsen–Bellingshausen seas low, although the spread of the data products is considerable. All results point to a real climatic phenomenon as the cause of this anomaly and not a data artefact. Atmospheric model simulations are able to reproduce temperature and pressure patterns, consistent with a real and perhaps ocean-forced signal. Together with two volcanic eruptions just before and after the 1908–1911 period, the early 1900s provided a cold start into the ETCW.
ICDP workshop on the Lake Victoria Drilling Project (LVDP): scientific drilling of the world's largest tropical lake
Authors: Berke Melissa A. , Peppe Daniel J. ,   the LVDP team
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Lake Victoria, which is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, and has a catchment that extends to Rwanda and Burundi, is home to the largest human population surrounding any lake in the world and provides critical resources across eastern Africa. Lake Victoria is also the world's largest tropical lake by surface area, but it is relatively shallow and without a major inlet, making it very sensitive to changes in climate, and especially hydroclimate. Furthermore, its size creates abundant habitats for aquatic fauna, including the iconic hyper-diverse cichlids, and serves as a major geographic barrier to terrestrial fauna across equatorial Africa. Given Lake Victoria's importance to the eastern African region, its sensitivity to climate, and its influences on terrestrial and aquatic faunal evolution and dispersal, it is vital to understand the connection between the lake and regional climate and how the lake size, shape, and depth have changed through its depositional history. This information can only be ascertained by collecting a complete archive of Lake Victoria's sedimentary record. To evaluate the Lake Victoria basin as a potential drilling target, ∼ 50 scientists from 10 countries met in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in July 2022 for the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-sponsored Lake Victoria Drilling Project (LVDP) workshop. Discussions of the main scientific objectives for a future drilling project included (1) recovering the Pleistocene and Holocene sedimentary records of Lake Victoria that document the dynamic nature of the lake, including multiple lacustrine and paleosol sequences; (2) establishing the chronology of recovered sediments, including using extensive tephra fingerprinting and other techniques from deposits in the region; (3) reconstructing past climate, environment, lacustrine conditions, and aquatic fauna, using an integrated multi-proxy approach, combined with climate and hydrologic modeling; and (4) connecting new records with existing sedimentary snapshots and fossils exposed in deposits around the lake, tying archaeological, paleontological, sedimentological, tectonic, and volcanic findings to new drilling results. The LVDP provides an innovative way to address critical geological, paleontological, climatological, and evolutionary biological questions about Quaternary to modern landscapes and ecosystems in eastern Africa. Importantly, this project affords an excellent opportunity to help develop conservation and management strategies for regional responses to current and future changes in climate, land use, fisheries, and resiliency of at-risk communities in equatorial Africa.
Paleogene Earth perturbations in the US Atlantic Coastal Plain (PEP-US): coring transects of hyperthermals to understand past carbon injections and ecosystem responses
Authors: Robinson Marci M. , Miller Kenneth G. , Babila Tali L. , Bralower Timothy J. , Browning James V. , Cramwinckel Marlow J. , Doubrawa Monika , Foster Gavin L. , Fung Megan K. , Kinney Sean , Makarova Maria , McLaughlin Peter P. , Pearson Paul N. , Röhl Ursula , Schaller Morgan F. , Self-Trail Jean M. , Sluijs Appy , Westerhold Thomas , Wright James D. , Zachos James C. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The release of over 4500 Gt (gigatonnes) of carbon at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary provides the closest geological analog to modern anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The cause(s) of and responses to the resulting Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and attendant carbon isotopic excursion (CIE) remain enigmatic and intriguing despite over 30 years of intense study. CIE records from the deep sea are generally thin due to its short duration and slow sedimentation rates, and they are truncated due to corrosive bottom waters dissolving carbonate sediments. In contrast, PETM coastal plain sections along the US mid-Atlantic margin are thick, generally having an expanded record of the CIE. Drilling here presents an opportunity to study the PETM onset to a level of detail that could transform our understanding of this important event. Previous drilling in this region provided important insights, but existing cores are either depleted or contain stratigraphic gaps. New core material is needed for well-resolved marine climate records. To plan new drilling, members of the international scientific community attended a multi-staged, hybrid scientific drilling workshop in 2022 designed to maximize not only scientifically and demographically diverse participation but also to protect participants' health and safety during the global pandemic and to reduce our carbon footprint. The resulting plan identified 10 sites for drill holes that would penetrate the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary, targeting the pre-onset excursion (POE), the CIE onset, the rapidly deposited Marlboro Clay that records a very thick CIE body, and other Eocene hyperthermals. The workshop participants developed several primary scientific objectives related to investigating the nature and the cause(s) of the CIE onset as well as the biotic effects of the PETM on the paleoshelf. Additional objectives focus on the evidence for widespread wildfires and changes in the hydrological cycle, shelf morphology, and sea level during the PETM as well as the desire to study both underlying K–Pg sediments and overlying post-Eocene records of extreme hyperthermal climate events. All objectives address our overarching research question: what was the Earth system response to a rapid carbon cycle perturbation?
Intencionalidad, casualidad e intermedialidad. Crítica a una historiografía de la recepción de Babel en Pieter Bruegel el Viejo y la escuela de Amberes.
Authors: Bendito María 
Published: April 2024

En el presente artículo se pretende cuestionar una gran parte de la literatura que la Historia del arte ha producido en torno al valor y significado de las dos torres de Babel de Pieter Bruegel el Viejo. Dicho cuestionamiento deriva de la advertencia de que los resultados son críticos e insuficientes cuando, en primer lugar, se someten a crisis los conceptos de semanticidad, autoría, tradición e intencionalidad; conceptos harto habituales en la disciplina de la Historia el arte y especialmente débiles cuando ésta intersecciona con metodologías propias de los Estudios Visuales o Culturales. En segundo lugar, cuando dichas torres se estudian en paralelo a otras imágenes consideradas tradicionalmente menores. Es decir, cuando se advierte que la historiografía ha considerado a Bruegel artífice de novedades en detrimento de otros artistas y medios de un aparente rango menor. Y, finalmente, cuando se reformula la perspectiva desde donde deberían estudiarse estas imágenes y, en consecuencia, las preguntas.
Геоморфологический фактор расселения и размещения населения на территории севера Чувашии
Authors: Харитонов Андрей Юрьевич , Никонорова Инна Витальевна , Александр Юрьевич Харитонов 
Published: April 2024

Чебоксарский возвышенно-равнинный район со зрелым эрозионным ландшафтом занимает примерно 1/5 территории на севере Чувашской Республики и простирается вдоль всей правобережной части реки Волги в пределах республики. При изучении системы расселения населения особую важность представляет анализ орографических характеристик территории. Работа отражает взаимосвязь основных физико-географических факторов при подборе населением территорий в ходе основания населенных пунктов. Это особенно важно в условиях распространения эрозионного ландшафта, который можно причислить к «зрелым», что говорит о переходе оврагов в стадию сформировавшихся балок. Исторически данная территория заселялась достаточно плотно, что обусловлено столичным фактором и обильным количеством торговых путей проходивших через нее, с особой ролью водного волжского пути. Актуальность данного исследования обусловлена малоизученностью физико-географического фактора в размещении и расселении населения на территории чувашской части рассматриваемого района. При составлении оценки анализировалась взаимосвязь исторических частей (центральных улиц) поселений с данными по экспозиции и крутизне склонов. В данной работе в качестве объекта исследования выступают населенные пункты, расположенные в вышеизложенном физико-географическом районе. Предметом исследования являются геоморфологические различия поселений, основанных в разные временные промежутки в зависимости от следующих факторов: положение крестьян, статус населенных пунктов при первом упоминании (околоток, выселок и др.), национальность. В рамках этого исследования в качестве основных геоморфологических факторов рассматриваются крутизна и экспозиция склонов.
ANÁLISE DOS CASOS DE TUBERCULOSE EM PESSOAS PRIVADAS DE LIBERDADE NO SISTEMA CARCERÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Caldas Ana Carolina Lisboa , Campos Ana Fabiola de Paiva Elias , Silva Giovanna Ferreira da , Moraes Luciana de Fátima da Costa , Morais Luciano Salazar , Carmo Luana Katellem Costa do , Andrade Luis Ricardo Ferreira , Almeida Maria Fernanda Brunetta Sant’Ana , Araújo Rafaela Cristina Marques de 
Published: April 2024

Introdução:A TB na População Privada de Liberdade (PPL) é uma questão de relevância na dispensação da assistência e é possível vislumbrar com clareza os fatores para a efetivação do direito à saúde ao caracterizar o perfil dos presos, as vulnerabilidades e as desigualdades presentes na população carcerária.Metodologia: Refere-se a um estudo bibliográfico de abordagem qualitativa do tipo de revisão de literatura. Com intuito de analisar os casos da tuberculose em pessoas privadas de liberdade no sistema carcerário brasileiro.Resultados e discussão : A partir dos resultados obtidos pode- se observar que grande parte das literaturas abordam sobre a disseminação dos casos de tuberculose em pessoas privadas de liberdade, devido às condições e super lotação dos sistemas penitenciários no Brasil e também a falta de políticas de saúde no atendimento aos detentos. A tuberculose nas prisões é muitas vezes ignorada e continua a ser um importante problema de saúde pública em muitos contextos, particularmente em países com alta incidência dessa doença (2).Conclusão : A prevalência de casos da doença nos sistemas penitenciários é alarmante, o que resulta no aumento do número de doentes devido as condições sub-humanas, superlotação, falta de acesso a uma saúde, cuidados médicos e educação em saude á respeito da doença.
Development Aid 2.0: Technology transfer and skill formation
Authors: Wang Jinjie 
Published: April 2024

This paper explains the growing importance of knowledge-based societies in driving industrial progress. It highlights the crucial need for technological and skill advancement, particularly among the expanding young populations in developing countries who lack essential work skills. This study scrutinizes the traditional Development Aid (DA) 1.0 model, which focuses mainly on financial aid and infrastructure projects but overlooks the importance of developing a skilled workforce that meets industry needs. Introducing the concept of DA 2.0 through the lens of the Triple Helix Theory, this paper suggests a sustainable approach that integrates government, academia, and industry to promote technology transfer and skill development. Through the policy analysis and case studies, it demonstrates how China leverages its technological expertise and skill advantage to enhance DA in African countries. The study concludes by advocating for DA 2.0 approach that is a government-supported, industry-driven approach to workforce development. By fostering collaboration among these sectors, China and Africa could optimize the impact of DA initiatives in addressing local challenges.
SOSIALISASI PENERAPAN GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE (GMP) DAN PENGOLAHAN PISANG BAGI SISWA SMK NEGERI I BAWEN
Authors: Putri Aldila Sagitaning , Larasati Dewi , Sani Elly Yuniarti 
Published: April 2024

One of the expertise programs at SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is the Agribusiness Expertise Program for Processing Agricultural products and Fisheries (APHPP) has one package of expertise, namely Agricultural Product Processing Technology (TPHP). Students of the Agribusiness Expertise Program in Processing Agricultural products and Fisheries (APHPP) SMK Negeri 1 Bawen are prepared to become intermediate skilled workers in the agricultural products processing industry. To accommodate some of the objectives of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is to equip students with knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be competent in carrying out good ways of production and carrying out the process of making various selected products, it is necessary to add knowledge and skills in terms of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) or in the Indonesian of Good Production Methods (CPB) and processing of food products (bananas). Knowledge about the application of GMP to the food industry for the general public and students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen in particular is still not given to subjects. So it is necessary to socialize the importance of knowledge about the application of GMP and banana processing for students of SmK Negeri Bawen as a provision of knowledge in work and entrepreneurship. To increase / increase knowledge about the application of GMP and banana processing for students of SmK Negeri Bawen, socialization is carried out by providing the flow of application of GMP and how to make banana flour, banana nuget and banana dodol. This community service activity aims to provide information to the community, especially for students at SMK Negeri 1 Bawen about the importance of handling post-harvest bananas and how to process them and providing engineering skills for handling fresh bananas and how to process them. From the results of the devotion, it can be seen that the response from the students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is very enthusiastic, this can be seen from the discussions conducted, many questions were given to us, even from the school asking to be given more similar trainings but with different raw materials
Análise do conhecimento de profissionais de saúde sobre eventos adversos em Unidades de Pronto Atendimento
Authors: Meriguette Sávia Aparecida , Portugal Flávia Batista 
Published: April 2024

Analisar o conhecimento de profissionais de saúde em unidades de pronto atendimento sobre a ocorrência de eventos adversos (EAs). Conduzida em abril e maio de 2022, pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, com 172 profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPAs) na capital do Espírito Santo. Coleta por questionários estruturados, desenvolvidos pelas autoras, analisados em frequências simples e absolutas. Associações entre variáveis dependentes e independentes feitas com teste qui-quadrado. O estudo aponta associações entre nível de ensino e EAs, outro vínculo empregatício e EAs, recursos insuficientes e falhas assistenciais, conhecimento sobre segurança do paciente e EAs, conhecimento de protocolos de segurança e EAs, e conhecimento de colegas que cometeram EAs. O estudo enfatizou a importância de ações para a segurança do paciente em UPAs, o reconhecimento de eventos adversos e melhores condições de trabalho.
Use of Sterile Materials and Soaking Time For Banana (Musa Spp) Explant
Authors: Nora Augustien  
Published: April 2024

NaOCl is often used in various sterilization techniques with various concentrations and soaking times. In addition to NaOCL which is used for explant sterilization, 70% alcohol is also often used for the explant sterilization process. Usually mushrooms or fungi will die if exposed to a 70% alcohol solution. The aim of the study was to determine the method of sterilization with NaOCl concentration followed by immersion in alcohol on the acquisition of sterile explants of kepok banana plant. The research was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN Veteran, East Java. The research design used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the treatment consisted of 6 sterilization treatments namely (S1), (S2), (S3), (S4), (S5), (S6). The results showed that there was no effect between the concentration of NaOCl sterilization and the duration of immersion in alcohol on the percentage of live explants and the percentage of contaminated explants, and the sterilization method used can produce live and sterile explants with an average yield of below 50%, but in treatment (S6) 25% NaOCl + 70% alcohol for 30 minutes is able to produce 30% live and sterile explants. Various sterilization methods used gave good results on the percentage of stagnant explants.
Tuning Vision-Language Models and Generative Models with Knowledge Graph
Authors: Khobragade Vaibhav 
Published: April 2024

Bridging Human Perception and AI’s Future: The Convergence of Visual Understanding and Semantic Networks Author · Vaibhav Khobragade (
<strong>
ORCID:
</strong>
0009–0009–8807–5982)
<strong>
Introduction
</strong>
The fusion of Vision-Language Models (
<strong>
VLMs
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), Generative Models, and Knowledge Graphs (
<strong>
KGs
</strong>
) is reshaping how artificial intelligence (AI) understands and interacts with the world.
Effectiveness of building envelope parameters and adopting PV panels to reduce reliance on local generators in hot-dry climate
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Jabar , Zangana Dnya Dlshad , Dehghanifarsani Laleh 
Published: April 2024

The growing energy demand, associated with the inability of the current infrastructure to satisfy this demand, has presented numerous challenges in Iraq's electricity sector. As a result, there has been an increased dependence on local diesel generators to mitigate power outages in homes. However, these generators raise environmental concerns and are associated with high operating CO₂ emissions. Here, using the DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus simulation software, the effectiveness of different building envelope modifications and photovoltaic panels as alternative energy sources was examined. Specifically, the impact of wall and roof insulation, window glazing, and shading devices on energy efficiency was analyzed. The results indicated that roof insulation is the most effective in reducing energy consumption by 28.8%, followed by wall insulation by 13.01%, while the effect of windows glazing and shading devices was insignificant. Furthermore, the installation of solar panels led to a significant reduction in energy demand by 53.6%, thereby decreasing operating carbon dioxide emissions and providing a practical alternative to the use of local generators. Our study offers valuable insights into the design of energy-efficient residential buildings in hot and dry climates. It highlights the importance of selecting appropriate building materials and integrating renewable energy sources, presenting a more environmentally effective solution to mitigate energy shortages.