bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A double‐blind comparison of oxatomide (R 35 443) and diphenhydramine in the treatment of hay fever
Authors: Van Der Bijl W. J. F. , Cordier E. , Van Dishoeck E. A. , De Proost W. , Vannieuwenhuyse E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNinety‐one hay fever patients received either 0.5 mg/kg oxatomide b.i.d. or 0.4 mg/kg diphenhydramine b.i.d. in a two‐month double‐blind study. If necessary this dose could be doubled. The results showed that fewer oxatomide patients needed to double this starting dose and to use a nasal spray. Oxatomide proved to be more effective than diphenhydramine in limiting the severity of the hay fever attacks, as evidenced by the findings that oxatomide patients had fewer complaint‐days, and that more of these patients were rated by the investigators to have excellent or good results. Apart from daytime fatigue, transient in several patients, no oxatomide‐induced side‐effects were found.
Surgical management of early epidermoid carcinoma of the anterior floor of the mouth
Authors: Schramm Victor L. , Myers Eugene N. , Sigler Barbara A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTherapy for early carcinoma of the floor of the mouth is difficult because of the tendency for local invasion of muscle and extension onto the mandible and alveolus. Nearly 100% local control of disease without mandibular complication has been possible with a wide local three‐dimensional resection including marginal mandibulectomy with split thickness skin grafting. The operative technique and special considerations including management of the mandible, submandibular ducts, and airway are detailed. Lymph node metastases have been uncommon. The primary disease and pathology are correlated with regional metastasis, and based on this a treatment plan is recommended.
An evaluation of revision stapes surgery
Authors: Crabtree James A. , Britton B. Hill , Powers W. Hugh 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe expected success rate in primary stapedectomy is well documented in recent literature, but few reports have commented on the difficulties or the expected results in revision stapes surgery. Reports have dealt with different techniques, but the surgeon and the patient should be aware of the problems and risks involved in revision stapedectomy.The records of 35 patients who had undergone revision stapedectomy were analyzed to determine the following: 1. cause of failure, 2. how to avoid these difficulties, 3. hearing results, and 4. possible identifying factors which might pinpoint those patients with a high risk for sensorineural hearing loss.A review of these cases demonstrates that the results of revision stapedectomy are different than those for primary stapedectomy.
Freedom from ototoxicity in aminoglycoside treated neonates: A mistaken notion
Authors: Bernard Philippe A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPediatricians commonly consider aminoglycoside antibiotics to be less ototoxic in neonates than in adults. This concept is based on the results of pure tone audiometry performed in children treated with aminoglycosides during the neonatal period. However, conflicting results were obtained when using brain stem response audiometry (BSRA) in a group of 26 aminoglycoside treated neonates and a control group of 20 treated neonates during their stays in intensive care units (mean gestational age: 34.6 weeks). Latencies of wave V significantly differed between the two groups indicating hearing alterations in the treated group. A statistical correlation was demonstrated between initial and final values of wave V and the total doses of antibiotic administered per kilogram of body weight (p < 0.01). Most neonates were premature with an immature hearing apparatus.To demonstrate the effect of aminoglycosides on the developing organ of Corti, neonate kittens were chosen as animal models — the onset of hearing occurs 10 days after birth. BSRA was performed every 3 days from birth for 20 days and thereafter every 6 days for the following 30 days. Five kittens treated with a low dose of gentamicin for 20 days were compared with a control group of 5 untreated kittens from the same litters and a group of S adult cats receiving the same antibiotic therapy. On the 50th day, all animals were sacrificed and their cochleas were prepared for electron microscopic evaluation. No ultrastructural modifications or BSRA alterations were noted in the adult group. The untreated kittens exhibited a normal pattern of BSRA maturation and their organs of Corti appeared normal. On the contrary, evidence of abnormal hearing maturation and of anatomical damage in the outer hair cells of the first coil of the cochlea was found in the treated kittens. Laboratory findings corroborate our clinical findings that aminoglycoside antibiotics are more ototoxic in neonates than in adult cats.
Surgery for snoring
Authors: Pelausa Edilberto O. , Tarshis Lome M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSnoring is a common obnoxious disturbance in human society. Although considered a mere nuisance by most, it can have significant social and medical effects. Snoring has caused marriage breakdown and murder. It can lead to hypertension, heart failure, and the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Since Ikematsu developed palatopharyngoplasty (PPP) in 1952 and Fujlta introduced it to North America in 1981, numerous reports have alluded to its efficacy in the management of snoring.From June 1986 to February 1988, 110 PPP operations were performed at The Wellesley Hospital, University of Toronto. Of these, 58 patients responded to review and questionnaire. Elimination or improvement of their snoring was reported by 75.9% of patients. Complications encountered are discussed.We conclude that palatopharyngoplasty (PPP) is a safe and effective technique in the treatment of problematic snoring.
Rhodamine‐123 as a new laser dye: In vivo study of dye effects on murine metabolism, histology and ultrastructure
Authors: Castro Dan J. , Saxton Romaine E. , Rodgerson Denis O. , Fu Yao Shi , Bhuta Sunita M. , Fetterman Harold R. , Castro Donna J. , Tartell Paul B. , Ward Paul H. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRhodamine‐123 (Rh‐123) is a mitochondrial‐specific dye that has recently proven to be an effective fluorochrome for photo‐dynamic therapy of squamous carcinoma cells and melanomas with the Argon laser. Complete eradication of heterotrans‐planted human tumors in nude mice was possible if tumors were first “sensitized” to Rh‐123 and then treated with the Argon laser. Prior to initiation of human testing of this technique, the toxicity and pathological changes in BALB/c mice were tested by an escalating dose schedule after systemic injection of Rh‐123. Animals' body weight, blood chemistry, enzymes and organ evaluation for histology, and ultrastructural changes were analyzed for 3 weeks after injection with Rh‐123. The results of this study demonstrate that Rh‐123 has significant systemic toxicity in BALB/c mice injected at doses of 10 μg/g of body weight and above, manifested by chronic weight loss and elevation of muscle enzymes with death of the animals injected at doses higher than 50 μg/g of body weight. At doses of 1 μg/g of Rh‐123, no local or systemic toxicity was observed even after a 3‐week follow‐up, suggesting that safe and effective tumor sensi‐tization might be possible in humans at this concentration. The high effectiveness of this new technique of photodynamic therapy and the low toxicity of this dye in this preclinical model system suggests that Rh‐123 and the Argon laser may represent a powerful new method for treatment of superficial malignancies.
Vocal cord paralysis and recovery with thyroid lymphoma
Authors: Sobol Steven M. , Jiu John B. , Grozea Petre N. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractVocal cord paralysis has been reported in 33 patients with thyroid lymphoma for an estimated overall incidence of 17%. There is little expectation of vocal cord function recovery, both because neoplastic invasion is believed irreversible and since surgery often necessitates sacrifice of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Unlike in most well differentiated thyroid malignancies, external radiation therapy plays a vital role in the treatment of thyroid lymphoma. The patient presented here had complete recovery of vocal cord function following radiation therapy for a large thyroid lymphoma associated with vocal cord paralysis. This is the first reported case of such recovery following treatment for a thyroid neoplasm. The rather rapid and complete recovery of neural function suggests that, at least in some, paralysis is caused by reversible compression rather than by neural invasion or tumor‐induced neurolysis.
Tracheal reconstruction with pedicled thyroid cartilage
Authors: Fischer Newton D. , Fry Terry L. , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractLimited areas of tracheal stenosis have been repaired with a variety of techniques. More extensive upper tracheal defects present a greater challenge with less predictable success. The following is the description of yet another technique for reconstruction of extensive upper tracheal defects. We report on the use of a muscle‐pedicled thyroid alar graft which carries its own blood supply and perichondrial covering, supplies a large, conveniently shaped graft, requires one operative site and one operative sitting, and has proven advantageous even in the compromised patient.
Clinical experience with a short‐acting caloric test
Authors: Proctor Leonard R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe prolonged labyrinthine slimulation produced by the conventional caloric irrigation is uncomfortable and fatiguing to patients and necessitates an undesirable waiting period between applications of the test. The present report describes the use of a short‐acting caloric test, and an analysis of all available data on 100 consecutive patients evaluated with this procedure.Because the labyrinthine stimulus produced by the new method is short‐acting and because the stimulus was applied at reduced intensity in patients who were more sensitive, the new procedure was well tolerated even when five or more irrigations were used. It was found convenient to repeat irrigations when results were uncertain, thereby ensuring a more reliable assessment of vestibular function.
Rotational testing in patients with bilateral peripheral vestibular disease
Authors: Baloh R. W. , Hess K. , Honrubia V. , Yee R. D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe performed quantitative low and high frequency rotational testing in 17 patients with bilateral peripheral vestibular deficits. A characteristic pattern of decreased gain and increased phase lead at low frequencies of sinusoidal stimulation and decreased time constant to impulsive stimulation was observed in most patients. The results of caloric testing correlated with the results of low frequency rotational testing but not with the results of high frequency testing. Only 2 patients complained of oscillopsia at the time of testing and both of these had decreased vestibulo‐ocular reflex gain at low and high frequencies of sinusoidal rotation.
Cervical thymic cysts: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Barat Michel , Sciubba James J. , Abramson Allan L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAn unusual case of cervical thymic cysts in a 4‐year‐old boy is presented. The embryology, histopathology, and clinical presentation is discussed. This entity should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses in the pediatric age group.
Granulomas of the vocal cords caused by sporothrix schenckii
Authors: Agger William A. , Seager Glenn M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA 42‐year‐old female acquired an acute respiratory infection one week after working in a sphagnum moss packing plant. Three and one half months later direct laryngoscopic examination, done because of persistent hoarseness, revealed granulomas of the left true cord. Initial biopsy showed noncaseating granulomas, and a repeat biopsy with fungal cultures grew Sporothrix schenekii. The patient was treated with an oral solution of saturated potassium iodide and gradually improved although mild hoarseness has persisted.
Management of perforations of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus
Authors: Tate John L. , Shockley William W. , Stucker Fred J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractComplications related to perforations of the upper aerodigestive system carry a 15% mortality. Nine cases of intraluminnl injuries to the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus are reviewed. Seven were related to iatrogenic causes and two associated with foreign bodies. This study details the cause and location of the injuries, associated signs and symptoms, and the resultant morbidity. A protocol for the management of suspected perforations is outlined.
Jet insufflation anesthesia for endolaryngeal laser surgery: A review of 318 consecutive cases
Authors: Rontal Eugene , Rontal Michael , Wenokur Milford E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA series of 318 patients utilizing the jet insufflation technique for laser laryngeal anesthesia was studied. The technique utilizes a foil wrapped catheter placed below the vocal cords and attached to the Sanders ventilating adapter. Two pneumothoraces in children, one dental injury and one tube ignition were noted — all without permanent sequelae. Subsequent modification in technique prevented recurrence of these complications. The results indicate that this is a safe technique for laryngeal laser surgery, providing excellent visualization of the larynx while maintaining good oxygenation and airway control.
Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss: Analysis of 200 consecutive cases
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Maudelonde Claire , Mafee Mahmood 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe spectrum of diseases diagnosed and the protocol used in the investigation of 200 consecutive patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is presented. The diagnostic tests found most useful in defining the site of the lesion were a combination of a well‐masked pure tone audiogram, speech discrimination score (SDS), acoustic reflex test (ART), and a vestibular evaluation using photoelectric nystagmography (PENG) and the Torok Monothermal Differential Caloric Test. With this protocol, the site of the lesion was correctly defined in 94% of patients with unilateral progressive SNHL. Laboratory and radiological studies confirmed a variety of lesions other than acoustic tumors. It is, therefore, felt that the primary objective of investigations should be to define the site of the lesion rather than aim to diagnose a specific disease entity.
Avoiding problems in tracheotomy
Authors: Kirchner John A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe surgeon can minimize postoperative problems that may develop after tracheotomy by 1. ligating the veins that cross the midline (over‐dependence on cautery often results in postoperative bleeding); 2. dividing and suture‐ligating the thyroid isthmus; 3. avoiding sharp dissection or blind clamping at the sternal notch; 4. leaving the deep layers of the wound open, to avoid subcutaneous or mediastinal emphysema; 5. avoiding a low horizontal skin incision; and 6. using guide sutures at tracheal opening in the infant.
Laser lingual tonsillectomy
Authors: Krespi Yosef P. , Har‐El Gady , Levine Toni M. , Ossoff Robert H. , Wurster Carl F. , Paulsen Jorgen W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDiseases of the lingual tonsils are generally overlooked in both clinical practice and medical literature. Infections of the lingual tonsils are usually treated medically, although in patients with symptomatic chronic inflammation or hyperplasia of the lingual tonsils, surgical intervention may be indicated.Eighty‐two patients with benign inflammatory problems of the lingual tonsils, who were not improved by medical management, underwent laser lingual tonsillectomy at four different medical centers, between 1984 and 1987. The procedure was tolerated well by all of the patients, with no significant operative complications. Short‐ and long‐term results were satisfactory. Laser surgery is an effective method for the treatment of benign hyperplastic and inflammatory diseases of the lingual tonsils.
A prospective randomized study of four commonly used tympanostomy tubes
Authors: Weigel Mark T. , Parker Michael Y. , Goldsmith Manning M. , Postma Duncan S. , Pillsbury Harold C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTympanostomy tube placement has clearly been shown to be an efficacious treatment for recurrent bouts of acute otitis media or chronic otitis media with effusion. However, there are few objective, prospective, randomized studies present in the literature to aid the clinical otolaryngologist with the proper tube choice for middle ear aeration.A prospective, randomized study was undertaken of four commonly used tympanostomy tubes. Shepard Teflon® grommet, Armstrong beveled tube, Reuter‐Bobbin tube, and Goode T‐tube. This study was undertaken to determine which of these tubes had the fewest number of postplacement complications, including otorrhea, plugging, residual perforation, or chronic persistence in the tympanic membrane. Average follow‐up was 17 months.The Shepard and Armstrong tubes showed a comparatively low rate of plugging and otorrhea. Both tubes had extrusion times that averaged less than 1 year. The Reuter‐Bobbin tube had a much greater rate of plugging, compared to the other tubes. The T‐tube had an increased incidence of otorrhea and persistence in the tympanic membrane well beyond 1 year. The T‐tube was also the only tube in this study associated with residual perforations.
Intentionally induced abnormalities in optokinetic pattern tests
Authors: Gyo Kiyofumi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAbnormalities of optokinetic nystagmus are easily detected by administering an optokinetic pattern test, in which optokinetic nystagmus responses to acceleration and deceleration of a series of optokinetic stimuli are recorded at slow paper speed, and the results are visually assessed based on the response pattern. Although optokinetic pattern tests ore regarded as valuable in diagnosing lesions of the nervous system that directly or indirectly relate to the reflex route of optokinetic nystagmus, these tests can be significantly influenced by the intention of the person being tested. The present study revealed that the majority of abnormal optokinetic patterns can be induced intentionally. This indicates that optokinetic pattern tests are of limited diagnostic value, and a definite diagnosis should not be made based solely on the optokinetic pattern test result.
Early alterations of cochlear function in experimental perilymph fistulas
Authors: Böhmer Andreas 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAlterations of cochlear function secondary to perforation of the round window membrane in guinea pigs were expected to reveal sensitive and/or specific audiometric parameters in perilymph fistulas. A perforation of the round window membrane either did not affect acoustic compound action potential thresholds, or induced a delayed, possibly conductive, inner ear hearing loss. Also, evoked supra‐threshold responses deteriorated progressively and independently of the increase of compound action potential thresholds. A sudden (conductive) hearing loss and a poor response to suprathreshold stimulation might indicate inner ear damage secondary to a perilymphatic fistula.
Endolaryngeal jet ventilation: A 10‐year review
Authors: Shikowitz Mark J. , Abramson Allan L. , Liberatore Lisa 
Published: October 2006

AbstractJet ventilation for microsurgery of the larynx has been in common use at our institution since 1978. There were 942 cases performed, with ages ranging from 7 days to 90 years. A specially modified laryngoscope with multiple ports into which a 14‐ or 16‐gauge ventilation needle can be advanced just distal to the vocal cords simplifies this form of anesthesia and ventilation.Jet ventilation has been advocated in place of conventional ventilation methods during carbon dioxide laser surgery because it eliminates the potential fire hazard of the endotracheal tube and allows superior visibility of the vocal cords. Despite these advantages, it is still not in common use. We will review the airway mechanics and special anesthesia considerations that make jet ventilation a safe and time‐proven technique.
Observation of the external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct using three‐dimensional surface reconstruction imaging
Authors: Yamamoto Etsuo , Mizukami Chikashi , Isono Michio , Ohmura Masaki , Hirono Yoshinobu 
Published: October 2006

AbstractObservation of the external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct was hitherto possible only in cadavers or dry temporal bones; however, by applying three‐dimensional surface reconstruction imaging, it is now possible to observe solid‐looking images of this structure in living humans. When the width of the external aperture of the vestibular aqueduct was measured in 58 people, it was found to be significantly narrower in the affected ears of patients with Meniere's disease than in normal ears.
Lipomas of the internal auditory canal
Authors: Saunders James E. , Kwartler Jed A. , Wolf Helmut K. , Brackmann Derald E. , Mcelveen John T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIntracranial lipomas are rare tumors which may occur in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) or internal auditory canal (IAC). Although seemingly innocuous in other parts of the body, lipomas within the CPA and IAC often involve the surrounding cranial nerves, making attempts at hearing conservation largely unsuccessful.In an attempt to differentiate the IAC lipoma from the more commonly found acoustic schwannoma, the preoperative imaging studies (magnetic resonance and computerized tomography) on five previously unreported cases of IAC lipomas were evaluated. Based on these studies, features were determined that may allow the surgeon to diagnose IAC lipomas preoperatively. These features will be discussed, as well as the surgical and pathological findings.
Response of the stria vascularis to corticosteroids
Authors: Rarey Kyle E. , Lohuis Peter J. F. M. , Ten Cate Wouter‐J. F. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractStructural changes in the cellular architecture of the stria vascularis in adrenalectomized rats were quantitated by stereological methods after the administration of either aldosterone or dexamethasone. The volume densities of the differing strial components from steroid‐administered animals were determined to approximate those of sham‐adrenalectomized animals in general. The increased volume density of intercellular space as was observed following adrenalectomy, however, was only restored after the administration of aldosterone. These data correlate a recovery of the cellular architecture of the stria vascularis in adrenalectomized animals with the restoration of endogenous levels of adrenal steroids. These findings provide further information with regard to the effects of varying serum levels of corticosteroids on inner ear morphology.
Experimental reconstruction of anterior and circumferential defects of the cervical trachea
Authors: Petroianu Andy , Barbosa Alfredo José Afonso 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDespite the variety of materials employable in the rehabilitation of the cervical trachea, long‐term success is rarely achieved. Both gross and microscopic postoperative developments were studied on 45 dogs submitted to nine different types of reconstruction of anterior and circumferential defects. In the majority of cases, the grafts and prostheses used for repairs, enveloped by connective and inflammatory tissue, were either absorbed or expelled. Only pedicled autologous grafts survived rejection. Failure of tracheal replacements appears to be confined to tracheal and local phenomena. Such events impaired the incorporation of any type of graft or prosthesis.