bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower extremity arterial disease
Authors: Antignani Pier Luigi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract:Lower Limbs Arterial Disease (LEAD) affects over 40 million people in Europe and appears to be 2-4 times more prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes (PWT2D) than in the general population. LEAD patients need intensive prevention and management of risk factors. Cigarette smoking is one of the most important risk factors for peripheral arterial disease as well as hyperlipoproteinemia and hypertension. Diabetic metabolic disorders are the most important risk factors for LEAD progression. The antiplatelet drugs represent one of the basic options for the management of patients with various atherosclerotic diseases. Aspirin is the oldest and most often prescribed antiplatelet drug. Lifestyle management remains the cornerstones of LEAD patients management.
Predicting Academic Success: A Comparative Study of Machine Learning and Clustering-Based Subject Recommendation Models
Authors: Kinjal  , Parida Sagar Mousam , Suthar Jayesh , Pande Sagar Dhanraj 
Published: March 2024

The study of students' academic performance is a significant endeavor for higher education schools and universities since it is essential to the design and management of instructional strategies. The efficacy of the current educational system must be monitored by evaluating student achievement. For this research, we used multiple Machine Learning algorithms and Neural Networks to analyze the learning quality. This study investigates the real results of university examinations for B.Tech (Bachelor in Technology) students, a four-year undergraduate programme in Computer Science and Technology. The K-means clustering approach is used to recommend courses, highlighting those that would challenge students and those that will improve their GPA. The Linear Regression method is used to make a prediction of a student’s rank among their batchmates. Academic planners might base operational choices and future planning on the findings of this study.
Chinese herbal medicine decreases incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in diabetes mellitus patients with regular insulin management
Authors: Lai Hsiang-Chun , Cheng Ju-Chien , Yip Hei-Tung , Jeng Long-Bin , Huang Sheng-Teng 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while insulin is a potent mitogen. Identifying a new therapeutic modality for preventing insulin users from developing HCC is a critical goal for researchers.
AIM
To investigate whether regular herbal medicine use can decrease HCC risk in DM patients with regular insulin control.
METHODS
We used data acquired from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance research database between 2000 and 2017. We identified patients with DM who were prescribed insulin for > 3 months. The herb user group was further defined as patients prescribed herbal medication for DM for > 3 months per annum during follow-up. We matched the herb users to nonusers at a 1:3 ratio according to age, sex, comorbidities and index year by propensity score matching. We analyzed HCC incidence, HCC survival rates, and the herbal prescriptions involved.
RESULTS
We initially enrolled 657144 DM patients with regular insulin use from 2000 to 2017. Among these, 46849 patients had used a herbal treatment for DM, and 140547 patients were included as the matched control group. The baseline variables were similar between the herb users and nonusers. DM patients with regular herb use had a 12% decreased risk of HCC compared with the control group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.80–0.97]. The cumulative incidence of HCC in the herb users was significantly lower than that of the nonusers. Patients with a herb use of > 5 years cumulatively exhibited a protective effect against development of HCC (aHR = 0.82, P < 0.05). Of patients who developed HCC, herb users exhibited a longer survival time than nonusers (aHR = 0.78, P = 0.0001). Additionally, we report the top 10 herbs and formulas in prescriptions and summarize the potential pharmacological effects of the constituents. Our analysis indicated that Astragalus propinquus (Huang Qi) plus Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Dan Shen), and Astragalus propinquus (Huang Qi) plus Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. (Tian Hua Fen) were the most frequent combination of single herbs. Meanwhile, Ji Sheng Shen Qi Wan plus Dan Shen was the most frequent combination of herbs and formulas.
CONCLUSION
This large-scale retrospective cohort study reveals that herbal medicine may decrease HCC risk by 12% in DM patients with regular insulin use.
‘Bottom-up securitization’: A visual turn in security studies
Authors: Kucherov M. A. , Kharkevich M. V. 
Published: March 2024

In the digital age, images have pervaded almost all spheres of public life and politics. International relations are no exception. The visual dimension of world politics attracts increasing attention which resulted in the emergence of the so-called visual turn in the theory of international relations. It gained particular prominence within the framework of constructivism and particularly within one of the central and most widespread constructivist theories, i.e. the securitization theory. The first section of the paper examines the concept of ‘visual turn’. The second section considers the current state of art of the securitization theory. The third section outlines key features and possible implications of ‘visual securitization’ to the study of international relations. To this end, the authors refer to a resonant case of a Syrian migrant boy Aylan Kurdi, who died in 2015 while trying to immigrate to Europe. The fourth section examines some limitations of the ‘visual securitization’ theory. The authors conclude that the ‘visual turn’ has led to a certain democratization of securitization practices by opening up new opportunities for the ‘bottom-up securitization’, or ‘people’s securitization’. Thus, it questions the traditional monopoly of political elites on the molding of a security narrative. At the same time, the ‘visual turn’ extends the list of possible reference objects of securitization, which comes to include not only domestic audiences, but also other communities. As a result, ‘visual securitization’ raises a number of new issues. In contrast to a traditional ‘speech act’, an image can be open to various interpretations and as such would make the process of interaction with the audience too complicated and inconsistent. The possibility of incorrect interpretation places increased demands on the communicative context and hinders the use of an image as an independent securitization tool. The authors argue that the key to addressing these issues lies in a more active use of artificial intelligence technologies and social networks.
Cinemas of Therapeutic Activism
Authors: Szymanski Adam 
Published: March 2024

The hegemonic meaning of depression as a universal mental illness embodied by an individualized subject is propped up by psychiatry’s clinical gaze. Cinemas of Therapeutic Activism turns to the work of contemporary filmmakers who express a shared concern for mental health under global capitalism to explore how else depression can be perceived. In taking their critical visions as intercessors for thought, Adam Szymanski proposes a thoroughly relational understanding of depression attentive to eventful, collective and contingent qualities of subjectivity. What emerges is a melancholy aesthetics attuned to the existential contours and political stakes of health.
Cinemas of Therapeutic Activism adventurously builds affinities across the lines of national, linguistic and cultural difference. The films of Angela Schanelec, Kelly Reichardt, Apichatpong Weerasethakul and Kanakan Balintagos are grouped together for the first time, constituting a polystylistic common front of artist-physicians who live, work, and create on the belief that life can be more liveable.
Andexanet Alfa (Ondexxya)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: March 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses andexanet alfa (Ondexxya), 200 mg, powder for solution for infusion, IV infusion.
Indication: For adult patients treated with FXa inhibitors (rivaroxaban or apixaban) when rapid reversal of anticoagulation is needed due to life-threatening or uncontrolled bleeding.
Open Fractures in National Football League Athletes: Analyzing Performance and Return to Sport
Authors: Nudelman Brandon , Gardner Brandon B , Bryant Stewart A , Lansdown Drew A , Feeley Brian T , Pandya Nirav K 
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION Open fractures are potentially devastating injuries for the professional athlete. We sought to compare return to sports (RTS) and performance in National Football League (NFL) athletes sustaining open versus closed fractures. METHODS NFL athletes with surgically treated open and closed fractures of the forearm, tibial shaft, and ankle from 2009-2018 were identified through publicly available reports and records. Data including demographics, RTS, career duration, and the approximate value performance metric before and after injury were collected. Statistical analyses were performed comparing open to closed injuries. Continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney U or two sample t- tests while categorical variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS Ninety-five athletes met inclusion criteria (10 open and 85 closed fractures). Overall, 90% (n = 9) returned to sport after an open injury and 83.5% (n = 71) returned after closed injury with a median time missed of 48.9 (range 35.1 – 117.4) weeks and 43.0 (range 2.4 – 108.0) weeks, respectively. Athletes undergoing forearm surgery were able to return sooner, at around 20.8 weeks, and ankle fractures conferred the lowest return rate at 80% (n = 48). There were no significant differences in career duration and post-injury performance between open or closed fracture cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Although open fractures are relatively uncommon injuries seen in NFL athletes, our study suggests RTS for these players is high. Athletes undergoing surgical treatment for open fractures had similar RTS rates, performance metrics, and career durations compared to those with comparable closed fractures. This information can provide guidance for providers counseling elite athletes on postoperative expectations.
PyRTlib: an educational Python-based library for non-scattering atmospheric microwave radiative transfer computations
Authors: Larosa Salvatore , Cimini Domenico , Gallucci Donatello , Nilo Saverio Teodosio , Romano Filomena 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. This article introduces PyRTlib, a new standalone Python package for non-scattering line-by-line microwave radiative transfer simulations. PyRTlib is a flexible and user-friendly tool for computing down- and upwelling brightness temperatures and related quantities (e.g., atmospheric absorption, optical depth, opacity, mean radiating temperature) written in Python, a language commonly used nowadays for scientific software development, especially by students and early-career scientists. PyRTlib allows for simulating observations from ground-based, airborne, and satellite microwave sensors in clear-sky and in cloudy conditions (under non-scattering Rayleigh approximation). The intention for PyRTlib is not to be a competitor to state-of-the-art atmospheric radiative transfer codes that excel in speed and/or versatility (e.g., ARTS, Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator; RTTOV, Radiative Transfer for TOVS (Television Infrared Observation Satellite (TIROS) Operational Vertical Sounder)). The intention is to provide an educational tool, completely written in Python, to readily simulate atmospheric microwave radiative transfer from a variety of input profiles, including predefined climatologies, global radiosonde archives, and model reanalysis. The paper presents quick examples for the built-in modules to access popular open data archives. The paper also presents examples for computing the simulated brightness temperature for different platforms (ground-based, airborne, and satellite), using various input profiles, showing how to easily modify other relevant parameters, such as the observing angle (zenith, nadir, slant), surface emissivity, and gas absorption model. PyRTlib can be easily embedded in other Python codes needing atmospheric microwave radiative transfer (e.g., surface emissivity models and retrievals). Despite its simplicity, PyRTlib can be readily used to produce present-day scientific results, as demonstrated by two examples showing (i) an absorption model comparison and validation with ground-based radiometric observations and (ii) uncertainty propagation of spectroscopic parameters through the radiative transfer calculations following a rigorous approach. To our knowledge, the uncertainty estimate is not provided by any other currently available microwave radiative transfer code, making PyRTlib unique for this aspect in the atmospheric microwave radiative transfer code scenario.
Increasing frequency and lengthening season of western disturbances are linked to increasing strength and delayed northward migration of the subtropical jet
Authors: Hunt Kieran M. R. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Western disturbances (WDs) are cyclonic storms that travel along the subtropical jet, bringing the majority of seasonal and extreme precipitation to the Hindu Kush, Karakoram, and western Himalaya in the winter months. They are a vital component of the region's water security. Although typically most common in the winter, WDs can also interact with the summer monsoon, leading to catastrophic consequences. These seem to be happening more frequently, and along with increasingly harsh winter seasons, questions are now being asked about how climate change is affecting WD frequency and intensity in both summer and winter seasons. An analysis of 17 previous studies assessing trends in WD frequency revealed no consensus, at least in part because they quantified trends in different regions, seasons, and time periods. In this study, a more robust approach is used, quantifying trends in WD frequency and intensity by region and month using a track catalogue derived from 70 years of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5) data. Winter WDs have increased significantly over the western and central Himalaya and the Hindu Kush in the last 70 years. This trend is attributed to a strengthening of the subtropical jet. The WD season has also significantly lengthened with WDs becoming far more common in May, June, and July, months where they were previously rare. For example, WDs have been twice as common in June in the last 20 years than during the previous 50. This is attributed to a delayed northward retreat of the subtropical jet, which historically has occurred before the onset of the summer monsoon. The most important implication is that the frequency of “monsoonal” WDs is increasing significantly, and therefore, due to climate change, catastrophic events like the 2013 Uttarakhand floods and the 2023 north India floods are becoming much more frequent.
A critical review of challenges and opportunities for the design and operation of offshore structures supporting renewable hydrogen production, storage, and transport
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Claudio Alexis , Yeter Baran , Li Shen , Brennan Feargal , Collu Maurizio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The climate emergency has prompted rapid and intensive research into sustainable, reliable, and affordable energy alternatives. Offshore wind has developed and exceeded all expectations over the last 2 decades and is now a central pillar of the UK and other international strategies to decarbonise energy systems. As the dependence on variable renewable energy resources increases, so does the importance of the necessity to develop energy storage and nonelectric energy vectors to ensure a resilient whole-energy system, also enabling difficult-to-decarbonise applications, e.g. heavy industry, heat, and certain areas of transport. Offshore wind and marine renewables have enormous potential that can never be completely utilised by the electricity system, and so green hydrogen has become a topic of increasing interest. Although numerous offshore and marine technologies are possible, the most appropriate combinations of power generation, materials and supporting structures, electrolysers, and support infrastructure and equipment depend on a wide range of factors, including the potential to maximise the use of local resources. This paper presents a critical review of contemporary offshore engineering tools and methodologies developed over many years for upstream oil and gas (O&amp;G), maritime, and more recently offshore wind and renewable energy applications and examines how these along with recent developments in modelling and digitalisation might provide a platform to optimise green hydrogen offshore infrastructure. The key drivers and characteristics of future offshore green hydrogen systems are considered, and a SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, and threat) analysis is provided to aid the discussion of the challenges and opportunities for the offshore green hydrogen production sector.
17. KHẢO SÁT Ý KIẾN NGƯỜI CHĂM SÓC VỀ SỰ PHÙ HỢP CÁC KHUYẾN NGHỊ THỰC HÀNH TỐT NHẤT CỦA TỔ CHỨC LIÊN KẾT CỘNG ĐỒNG MẤT NGÔN NGỮ TOÀN CẦU TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Thanh Phạm Đình Ngân , An Phạm Lê , Wallace Sarah J. , Hoàng Trần Nguyễn Bính Minh 
Published: March 2024

Mất ngôn ngữ (MNN) làm ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng cuộc sống của bệnh nhân và những người chăm sóc (NCS) họ.
Mục tiêu: Xác định (1) sự phù hợp về nội dung của các khuyến nghị (KN) thực hành tốt nhất hiện có cho chứng MNN của Tổ Chức Liên Kết Cộng Đồng Mất Ngôn Ngữ Toàn Cầu từ quan điểm của NCS tại Việt Nam (VN); và (2) các KN cần bổ sung phù hợp với thực tế tại VN.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Định lượng kết hợp định tính dưới dạng kỹ thuật nhóm danh định và lấy mẫu đa dạng tối đa.
Kết quả: 17 NCS cho người MNN sau đột quỵ tham gia vào 1 trong 6 nhóm danh định. Hầu hết các KN hiện có đều đạt tỉ lệ đồng ý cao (88,24 – 100%). Những KN bổ sung ưu tiên được tổng hợp thành 5 chủ đề và sắp thứ tự theo tầm quan trọng tương đối. KN được ưu tiên hàng đầu là “Người MNN và NCS nên được hỗ trợ về tâm lý” (42,16%); kế đến là “Người MNN nên được tiếp cận dễ dàng với Ngôn ngữ trị liệu” (34,31%).
Kết luận: Các KN hiện có phù hợp với nhu cầu của người MNN và người liên quan trong bối cảnh ở VN theo quan điểm của NCS. Bên cạnh đó, các KN bổ sung góp phần nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ cho chứng MNN.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Perempuan terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan melalui Pemberdayaan Manusia sebagai Variabel Intervening (Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung)
Authors: Nuraeni Sherly Trifuji , Jaya Rama Chandra , Natigor Dayan Hakim , Karamang Ezra 
Published: March 2024

Pengambilan kepututusan merupakan suatu proses menetapkan alternative yang terbaik yang dilakukan secara komprehensif untuk memecahkan suatu masalah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan alisisis Jalur (Path analysis). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel total dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung dalam kategori kurang tepat. (2) Kepemimpinan perempuan Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung. dalam kategori kurang baik (3) Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung dalam kategori Kurang tepat. (4) Secara parsial Kepemimpinan perempuan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung. (5) Secara parsial Pengambilan Keputusan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung. (6) Secara parsial Kepemimpinan perempuan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung (7) Secara simultan Kepemimpinan perempuan dan Pengambilan Keputusan mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap Pemberdayaan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Perusahaan Wisata Bandung.
Fragmented Urbanisation in Accra
Authors: Trassinelli Michele 
Published: March 2024

This paper contributes to increasing and updating the level of knowledge about the Agbogbloshie site in Accra.
Starting from the most recent decongestion activity that led to the demolition of the main e-waste recycling site, the paper aims to reconstruct the main global and local dynamics that have contributed to the construction, shaping and now reconfiguring the urban space of the site. Trough the comparison of ethnographic studies conducted on the site and the review of literature on African urbanisation, the paper identifies characteristic traits belonging to the process of urban space formation and urbanisation on the continent within the site's history. The paper concludes that the development of Agbogbloscie can be traced both within the long-term trends of the fragmentary colonial and post-colonial urbanisation process in Accra as well as to the influence of external elements attributable to the current phase of globalisation.
With reference to the formation of the scrapyards, the paper analyses the factors that have established links between the local and global dimensions by making Agbogbloshie one of the main hubs for international e-waste traffic. Lastly, the paper traces the dynamics that led to the recent demolition of the recycling site and invites future research to reflect on the possible instrumental use by urban political authorities of the issue of environmental sustainability and economic development to re-appropriate urban spaces to the detriment of the most vulnerable citizens belonging to the informal living and working dimensions.
Effectiveness of Cordia verbenacea and Propolis as Irrigation Solution on the Bond Strength of Filling Material to the Root Dentin: In vitro Study
Authors: Barroso Gabriel Kennedy , Soares Kaio Henrique , Silva Ângelo Fonseca , Fonseca-Silva Thiago , Santos Carolina Carvalho de Oliveira 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Endodontic treatment aims to eliminate pathological microbiota from root canals to prevent or treat infections in periapical tissues. Irrigation is a crucial step in this process, serving important mechanical, chemical, and biological functions.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of irrigation with Cordia verbenacea and propolis solutions compared to chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite on the bond strength of the filling material to the root dentin.
Materials and Methods: This In vitro experimental study involved 40 healthy human premolars subjected to the push-out test. The teeth underwent decoronation, followed by biomechanical endodontic preparation using mechanized files. The teeth were then divided into four groups according to the irrigating solution: NaOCl 5.25%, chlorhexidine 2%, aqueous extract of Cordia verbenacea and aqueous extract of propolis. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and the Post-Hoc Bonferroni test.
Results: The group irrigated with propolis showed greater resistance to the push-out test in the middle and apical thirds when compared to the other groups (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the other groups.
Conclusion: Irrigation with propolis extract resulted in higher bond strength of the obturating material to the root canal, while irrigation with Cordia verbenacea showed similar results to chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite.