bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undernutrition and associated factors among incarcerated people in Bahir Dar and Finote Selam prison sites, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tarekegn Alemayehu , Alemayehu Mulunesh , Temesgen Habtamu , Derseh Hunegnaw Almaw , Tesfa Hiwot 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPrison is designed with punishment, correction and rehabilitation to the community in mind and these goals may conflict with the aims of healthcare. Incarcerated peoples’ dependency on the prison-limited food menu, inadequate meal provision and poor-quality food increases the risk of malnutrition.ObjectiveTo assess the magnitude of undernutrition and associated factors among incarcerated people, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bahir Dar and Finote Selam prison sites, in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsThis study was conducted from 18 March 2019 to 18 April 2019. 475 systematically selected incarcerated people from each prison site were included in this study. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify the associated factors.ResultsThe magnitude of undernutrition among incarcerated people was 19.4%. Not getting family support (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.05, 95% CI=(1.56, 5.96)), not involving with income-generating activities (AOR=2.68, 95% CI=(1.33, 5.40)), diarrhoeal disease (AOR=4.60, 95% CI=(2.14, 9.87)), food allergy (AOR=2.83, 95% CI=(1.47, 5.45)) and chewing khat (AOR=2.93, 95% CI=(1.07, 7.99)) were shown to have a statistically significant association with undernutrition among incarcerated people.ConclusionThe burden of undernutrition was high. Various factors contribute to undernutrition such as lack of family support, limited involvement in income-generating activities, diarrhoeal disease, food allergy and a history of chewing khat.
Women’s experiences of gender-based violence supports through an intersectional lens: a global scoping review
Authors: Essue Beverley M , Chadambuka Cyndirela , Perez-Brumer Amaya , Arruda-Caycho Isabel , Tocallino Danielle , Balasa Rebecca , Namyalo Prossy Kiddu , Ravanera Carmina , Kaplan Sarah 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo apply an intersectional lens to explore how the interconnected social identities of women across global settings impact access experiences for gender-based violence (GBV) supports.DesignA scoping review.Data sourcesWe systematically searched seven databases to identify studies published in English from the database inception to January 2023.Inclusion criteriaWe included peer-reviewed studies with a primary objective of examining the access experiences of populations who self-identify as women (aged 15 years or older) who have experienced GBV, have intersecting identities (ie, racialisation, poverty, etc) that can further contribute to marginalisation and utilised or sought support services.MethodsTwo reviewers independently completed title/abstract, full-text screening and data charting. Integrating intersectionality theory and the McIntyre access framework, we analysed support service access and utilisation across social identities, axes of marginalisation and geographic contexts.Results210 papers (195 distinct studies) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (60%) were published since 2015 and used qualitative methods (63%). Findings reflected intersectional differences in women’s experiences of accessing GBV services across contexts and lived experiences. Common findings indicate that seeking GBV support was motivated and enabled by informal supports and positive prior experiences in accessing services. However, findings highlight that structural and systemic constraints in existing support systems (in all study settings) impact access to necessary support services and their alignment with women's needs. Few studies examined health and non-health outcomes associated with unhindered access to care.ConclusionsWomen’s experiences with GBV support systems in different geopolitical contexts highlight barriers across axes of racialisation, poverty, multidimensional violence and other systemic factors, which are often eclipsed in generic one-size-fits-all models of support. This research can inform transformational policy development and tailored interventions to improve outcomes for all women who experience GBV and thus advance gender equality and equity goals.
Risk factors associated with degenerative glenohumeral osteoarthritis
Authors: Prakash Ravi , Pathak Rashmi , Chen Ziyi , Tai Daniel , BezanPetric Ursa , Rapp Estefanie Garduno , Atem Folefac D , Khazzam Michael S , Jain Nitin B 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveGlenohumeral (GH) osteoarthritis (OA) is the third most common large joint disease, after hip and knee OA. This study aimed to identify risk factors for GH OA.MethodsWe used data from the Dallas Shoulder cohort, including individuals aged 40–85. Those with confirmed GH OA based on X-ray were cases, and those without were controls. Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate analyses identified risk factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), sex, work-related shoulder problems, shoulder disability, dislocation, previous trauma, surgery, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, depression, heart disease, OA, night pain and overall sleep quality.ResultsA total of 1827 cases and 1556 controls were identified for GH OA. In univariate analysis, significant associations with GH OA were found for increasing age (>40 to ≤50: OR 3.29, 95% CI 2.44 to 4.45; >50 to ≤60: OR 5.90, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.77; >60 to ≤70: OR 12.18, 95% CI 9.22 to 16.08 and >70: OR 16.54, 95% CI 12.47 to 21.94), higher BMI (≤19: OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.04; >25 to ≤30: OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.86; >30 to ≤35: OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.22 and >35: OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.45), prior shoulder injury (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.50), shoulder surgery history (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.87), shoulder pain at night (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.70) and hypertension (OR 0.70; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.81). In multivariate analysis, significant associations remained for age (>40 to ≤50: OR 2.99, 95% CI 2.21 to 4.06; >50 to ≤60: OR 5.48, 95% CI 4.14 to 7.23; >60 to ≤70: OR 11.22, 95% CI 8.44 to 14.88 and >70: OR 16.65, 95% CI 12.45 to 22.17), BMI (≤19: OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.20; >25 to ≤30: OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.77; >30 to ≤35: OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.09 and >35: OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.55) and previous shoulder trauma (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.94).ConclusionWe identified increasing age and higher BMI as factors associated with GH OA. Due to the large sample size, many risk factors were assessed. Since the shoulder is not a weight-bearing joint, the BMI-GH OA link is likely molecular and systemic, warranting further investigation.Level of evidencePrognostic level III.
Anticoagulants or antiplatelets for secondary prevention of cryptogenic stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chi Kuan-Yu , El Zarif Talal , Varrias Dimitrios , Lee Pei-Lun , Chang Yu-Cheng , Song Junmin , Osabutey Anita , Borkowski Pawel , Chiang Cho-Han , Chang Yu , Lin Yu-Shiuan , Nanna Michele , Nanna Michael G 
Published: February 2025

Background
Patients with cryptogenic stroke or embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) face a high risk of recurrent ischaemic stroke, but the optimal antithrombotic strategy remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the effectiveness and safety of oral anticoagulants (OACs) versus antiplatelets in these populations, with a focus on subgroup effects by key clinical characteristics.

Methods
Six databases were searched through March 2024 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing OACs and antiplatelets in patients with cryptogenic stroke or ESUS. The primary outcome was recurrent ischaemic stroke. Subgroup analyses evaluated treatment effects based on supracardiac atherosclerosis risk, presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and signs or risk factors for atrial cardiopathy. Meta-regression with interaction p values was employed to assess differences in treatment effects between subgroups.

Results

Nine RCTs comprising 15 451 participants were included. In the overall population, there was no significant difference in recurrent ischaemic stroke risk between OACs and antiplatelets (relative risk (RR) 0.90, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.02; I
2
=0%). Subgroup analyses showed that OACs reduced ischaemic stroke risk in patients with low-risk supracardiac atherosclerosis (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.80; I
2
=0%) compared with those with high-risk supracardiac atherosclerosis (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.06; I
2
=0%) and evidence of supracardiac atherosclerosis (RR 1.13, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.53; I
2
=0%) (p interaction=0.0002). Similarly, OACs were more effective in patients with signs or risk factors for atrial cardiopathy (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.99; I
2
=0%) than in those without atrial cardiopathy (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.30; I
2
=0%) (p interaction=0.02). There was no significant interaction by PFO status (p interaction=0.28). While the risk of major bleeding risk was comparable between groups (RR 1.34, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.44; I
2
=65%), a significantly higher risk of major bleeding other than intracerebral haemorrhage was observed in patients taking OACs compared with antiplatelets (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.43; I
2
=0%).

Conclusions
OACs are more effective than antiplatelets for preventing ischaemic stroke in patients who had a cryptogenic stroke or ESUS with low-risk supracardiac atherosclerosis or atrial cardiopathy. The findings highlight the need for personalised treatment strategies and further trials in these subgroups.

PROSPERO registration number
CRD42024518903.
OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Schremmer Tobias , Dejaco Christian , Recker Florian , Aschwanden Markus , Boumans Dennis , Bruyn George A , Chrysidis Stavros , Daikeler Thomas , Nielsen Berit , De Miguel Eugenio , Diamantopoulos Andreas P , Dohn Uffe Moller , Duftner Christina , Germano Giuseppe , Haagsma Cees , Hartung Wolfgang , Hocevar Alojzija , Iagnocco Annamaria , Juche Aaron , Karakostas Pantelis , Karalilova Rositsa , Keller Kresten Krarup , Sarker Borsha , Smith Kate , Tischler Verena , Macchioni Pierluigi , Milchert Marcin , Monti Sara , Mukhtyar Chetan , Naredo Esperanza , Schmidt Wolfgang A , Seitz Luca , Terslev Lene , Wakefield Richard J , Schäfer Valentin Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveUltrasonography is crucial for diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA); however, training opportunities are rare. This study tested the reliability of ultrasonography findings and measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) among ultrasonography experts by using phantoms of the axillary (AA) and temporal arteries (TA) created with high-resolution 3D printing.MethodsTwenty-eight participants from 12 European countries received eight sets of phantoms of the AA and the superficial TA (including common, frontal and parietal branches), which were examined in a blinded fashion according to a predefined protocol and evaluated based on Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) GCA ultrasound definitions. Due to difficulties with the delineation of the intima-media complex, the parietal branch of the phantoms was modified, and a second round was conducted. The IMT was measured, and phantoms were classified as normal or vasculitic.ResultsIn both rounds, the phantoms were correctly classified as normal/abnormal in >81% of cases yielding a Fleiss’ kappa of 0.80 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.81) in round 1 and 0.74 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.75) in round 2. IMT measurements revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 1.1) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.98 to 0.99) in both rounds. Intrarater reliability was good with a median Cohens Kappa of 0.83 and median ICC of 0.78.ConclusionThe study demonstrated high reliability among ultrasound experts in applying the OMERACT ultrasound definitions for GCA and in measuring the IMT using a 3D-printed phantom of the AA and TA. This phantom could assist clinicians in training to assess the large arteries of patients with suspected or established GCA.
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)ompA-subvariants of the Portuguese collection ofChlamydia trachomatis, 2007–2023
Authors: Lodhia Zohra , Cordeiro Dora , Correia Cristina , João Inês , Carreira Teresa , Nunes Alexandra , Ferreira Rita , Schäfer Sandra , Aliyeva Elzara , Portugal Clara , Monge Isabel , Gonçalves Elsa , Matos Susana , Dias Ana Paula , Corte-Real Rita , Vieira Luís , Gomes Joao Paulo , Borges Vítor , Jose Borrego Maria 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundLymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused byChlamydia trachomatis ompA-genotypes L1–L3, with increasing numbers of detected cases across Europe. Here, we analysed diversity and temporal distribution of the LGVompA-subvariants detected in Portugal between 2007 and 2023, in order to better understand the dissemination and diversification landscape of LGV strains.MethodsThe collection of the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory includes 1188 LGVompA-genotyped samples between 2007 and 2023. In-depth analysis of the diversity of LGVompA-subvariants circulating in Portugal across the years was performed, identifying newly described subvariants and integrating this data in a comprehensive compilation with all representative LGVompA-subvariants described globally.ResultsL2ompA-variant (L2/434/Bu) was consistently the most frequently detected in our collection, with annual proportions ranging from 34.0% to 82.9%, between 2016 and 2023. L2bV5 was the second most frequent followed by L2b, ranging from 5.0% to 27.9% and 2.6% to 23.7% across the years, respectively, from 2017 to 2023. We highlighted the emergence and considerable increase in circulation of L1-likeompA-subvariants in recent years, representing 13.7% of LGV sequences in 2023. We also identified 13 novel LGVompA-subvariants that had not been described before, differing by up to three mutations from the respective genotype reference sequences.ConclusionsThis study contributes to the worldwide picture of the LGV molecular epidemiology, highlighting the importance of long-term molecular surveillance to monitor the circulation and geographical spread of LGV and to timely identify and track new strains, such as the recently emerging L1-likeompA-subvariants.
Isovector properties of effective finite-range nuclear interactions
Authors: Davesne D. , Navarro J. , Pastore A. , Lallouet Y. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We discuss several properties of two families of finite-range interactions in infinite nuclear matter, aiming in particular to their isovector properties. We find that the recent parameterisations of both Gogny and Nakada provide a reasonable description of the properties of the infinite medium as well as an equation of state capable of sustaining a two solar mass neutron star. We also discuss the pairing properties in the spin-singlet channel for both families of interactions.
Inclusive photoproduction of vector quarkonium in ultra-peripheral collisions at the LHC
Authors: Lansberg Jean-Philippe , Lynch Kate , Van Hulse Charlotte , McNulty Ronan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We explore the possibility of using ultra-periphe- ral proton-lead collisions at the LHC to study inclusive vector-quarkonium photoproduction, that occurs when a quasi-real photon emitted by a fully stripped lead ion breaks a proton to produce a vector quarkonium. Owing to the extremely large energies of the colliding hadrons circulating in the LHC, the range of accessible photon-nucleon centre-of-mass energies,

$$W_{\gamma p}$$

W

γ
p

, largely exceeds what has been and will be studied at lepton-hadron colliders, HERA and the EIC. We perform a tune to HERA photoproduction data, use this tune to predict the yields of photoproduced

$$J/\psi $$

J
/
ψ

, and estimate the corresponding transverse-momentum reach at LHC experiments. We also model the hadroproduction background and demonstrate that inclusive photoproduction can be isolated at the LHC from such background by imposing constraints on the hadronic activity in the lead-going direction at mid, forward, or far-forward rapidities depending on the capability of the detector under consideration. We find that the resulting cross sections are large enough to be measured by ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb. We estimate the background-to-signal ratio after isolation to be of the order of 0.001 and 0.1 in the low and large transverse-momentum regions, respectively. In addition, we propose and assess the Jacquet–Blondel method to reconstruct the photon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy and the fractional energy of the quarkonium with respect to the photon.
Overturning and cracking of stellar objects in modified $$f(R, \varphi )$$ gravity
Authors: Malik Adnan , Shafaq Attiya , Mofarreh Fatemah , Shamir M. Farasat , Albalawi Wedad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study extends the concept of cracking to self-gravitating, spherically symmetric compact objects in modified

$$f(R, \varphi )$$

f
(
R
,
φ
)

theory of gravity, where R represents the Ricci scalar, and

$$\varphi $$

φ

is the scalar potential. In this regard, we consider spherically symmetric spacetime characterized with an anisotropic matter to detect the instabilities of self-gravitating compact objects via cracking and overturning. Further, we construct the general framework to observe the cracking and overturning points by applying the local density perturbation technique to the configuration governed by barotropic equation of state. The effectiveness of this approach is assessed by analyzing its results on the data of Her X-1, SAX J1808.4-3658, and 4U 1820-30 respectively. It is concluded that cracking points appear in the different interior regions of these three stars. Significantly, this study illustrates the effectiveness of the cracking approach by highlighting the regions sensitive to localized density disruptions, offering valuable insights into the structural behavior of compact stars within a modified gravity framework.
PAX8 Interacts with the SWI/SNF Complex at Enhancers to Drive Proliferation in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Sereti Kostianna , Russo Anna E. , Raisner Ryan , Ma Taylur P. , Gascoigne Karen E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Activation of lineage-specific gene expression programs is mediated by the recruitment of lineage-specific transcription factors and their coactivators to chromatin. The lineage factor PAX8 drives essential gene expression in ovarian cancer cells and is required for tumor proliferation. However, the molecular details surrounding cofactor recruitment and specific activation of transcription by PAX8 remain unknown. Here, we identify an important functional interaction between PAX8 and the switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex. We show that PAX8 can recruit SWI/SNF complexes to DNA, in which they function to open chromatin and facilitate the expression of PAX8 target genes. Genetic deletion of PAX8 results in loss of SWI/SNF from PAX8-bound enhancers, loss of expression of associated target genes, and reduced proliferation. These results can be phenocopied by pharmacological inhibition of SWI/SNF ATPase activity. These data indicate that PAX8 mediates the expression of an essential ovarian cancer proliferative program in part by the recruitment of the SWI/SNF complex, highlighting a novel vulnerability in PAX8-dependent ovarian cancer.
Implications: PAX8 recruits SWI/SNF complexes to enhancers to mediate the expression of genes essential for ovarian cancer proliferation.
Patients Residing in Rural Areas Transferred for Mechanical Thrombectomy Undergo Decreased Catheter‐Based Treatment
Authors: Jagolino‐Cole Amanda L. , Dongarwar Deepa , Aroor Sushanth , Sheth Sunil A. , Sharrief Anjail , Zachrison Kori S. , Yavagal Dileep , Asif Kaiz S. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Nearly one fifth of the US population resides in rural areas. Although endovascular therapy can substantially improve clinical outcomes in patients treated with large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke, the penetration and outcomes of this therapy in rural US populations remain incompletely characterized.

METHODS
From the nationwide Get With The Guidelines Stroke registry, incorporating select social determinants of health (SDOH) by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation registry (2016–2019), we identified patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack who were transferred from their presenting hospitals to other hospitals with the intention of thrombectomy evaluation, for patients residing in rural and nonrural areas. The primary outcome was the likelihood of undergoing intra‐arterial catheter‐based therapy after transfer, adjusted for stroke severity, age, baseline ambulatory status, and select SDOH, by multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS

Among 24 620 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 5.1% resided in rural areas. Patients residing in rural areas transferred for endovascular therapy evaluation experienced less favorable SDOH than patients residing in nonrural areas (
P
<0.01, each, for education, income, homeownership, poverty, and unemployment). Patients in both groups presented with moderate/severe stroke and similar vascular risk factors. Patients residing in rural areas were 15% less likely to undergo endovascular therapy, when adjusting for stroke severity, age, baseline ambulatory status, and select SDOH (40.8% versus 49.4%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.85 [95% CI, 0.74–0.99]). Patients residing in rural areas experienced similar incidence of reported transfer delays as patients residing in non‐rural areas (0.1%, each; aOR, 1.36 [95% CI, 0.56–6.84]).

CONCLUSION
In this nationwide cohort study, patients living in rural areas with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemicattack who were transferred to other hospitals for endovascular therapy evaluation were less likely to undergo intra‐arterial catheter‐based therapy, despite similar incidence of transfer delays, and when adjusting for select SDOH commonly associated with rurality.
Salient, Unexpected Omissions of Sounds Can Involuntarily Distract Attention
Authors: Baragona Valeria , Schröger Erich , Widmann Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Salient unexpected and task-irrelevant sounds can act as distractors by capturing attention away from a task. Consequently, a performance impairment (e.g., prolonged RTs) is typically observed along with a pupil dilation response (PDR) and the P3a ERP component. Previous results showed prolonged RTs in response to task-relevant visual stimuli also following unexpected sound omissions. However, it was unclear whether this was due to the absence of the sound's warning effect or to distraction caused by the violation of a sensory prediction. In our paradigm, participants initiated a trial through a button press that elicited either a regular sound (80%), a deviant sound (10%), or no sound (10%). Thereafter, a digit was presented visually, and the participant had to classify it as even or odd. To dissociate warning and distraction effects, we additionally included a control condition in which a button press never generated a sound, and therefore no sound was expected. Results show that, compared with expected events, unexpected deviants and omissions lead to prolonged RTs (distraction effect), enlarged PDR, and a P3a-like ERP effect. Moreover, sound events, compared with no sound events, yielded faster RTs (warning effect), larger PDR, and increased P3a. Overall, we observed a co-occurrence of warning and distraction effects. This suggests that not only unexpected sounds but also unexpected sound omissions can act as salient distractors. This finding supports theories claiming that involuntary attention is based on prediction violation.