bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Damage Localization in Photovoltaic Solar Panels Using Impedance-Based Shm with Neural Networks
Authors: SAKHRIA Billel , HAMAIDI Brahim , DJEMANA Mohamed , BENHASSINE Naamane 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The accurate fault detection and monitoring system is necessary and essential to maintain the optimal performance of the photovoltaic (PV) system, the literature on this topic has identified most of the case detection methods that focused only on the system (PV). The gap found is the main problem of the most previous studies and research and duplication of research in the detection of defects (structure and system). This paper presents the results of electromechanical impedance (EMI) analysis performed for a 36-cell silicon photovoltaic module with bonded piezoelectric transducer (PZT). Utilizing ANSYS software, a comprehensive three-dimensional coupled field finite element model is constructed, facilitating harmonic analysis in the context of high-frequency impedance analysis procedures. However, the conventional examination of electromagnetic impedances proves inadequate in offering a comprehensive understanding of damage localization. This study offers valuable perspectives on the formulation and application of a concise electromagnetic (E/M) impedance technique designed for high-frequency impedance analysis. Moreover, it underscores the inherent limitations associated with relying solely on electromagnetic impedances for accurate damage localization. This study provides useful insights into the development and implementation of the compact E/M impedance method for high-frequency impedance analysis and highlights the limitations of using EMIs for damage localization. The model's training process is undertaken using simulation data to encompass a broad spectrum of scenarios. Subsequently, its validation is executed on a photovoltaic (PV) panel model to establish its viability and demonstrate the model's practical applicability. The extreme learning machine (ELM) based algorithm has been devised to predict damage locations using data from piezoelectric sensors. The trained model demonstrated heightened predictive accuracy in comparison to alternative classification methodologies within the realm of machine learning. The outcomes underscore the superior efficacy of the ELM algorithm in defect detection, boasting an impressive overall accuracy rate of 85%.
Effect of incision location and type of fistula on postoperative urinary retention after radical surgery for anal fistula: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Chen , Liu Ningyuan , Huang Zichen , Wei Zijian , Li Keyi , Hou Wenxiao , Ye Sangyu , Zheng Lihua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) refers to the postoperative symptom of bladder fullness without the ability to urinate autonomously. The etiology of POUR in proctology surgery remains unclear, and the underlying causes are multifactorial. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for POUR after radical surgery for anal fistula.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 511 patients who underwent radical surgery for anal fistula under general anesthesia at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital from August 2022 to December 2023. Risk factors for POUR were determined using binary logistic regression analyses.
Results
57 patients (11.2%) experienced urinary retention within 48 hours after surgery, while the majority of whom were male (84.4%). Multivariate logistic stepwise regression revealed that a history of urological disease (OR = 6.048; P < 0.001), incisions at position 1 (OR = 2.228; P = 0.046), the presence of high anal fistula (OR = 4.768; P < 0.001), a VAS score ≥ 7 (OR = 2.805; P = 0.010), and a GAD-7 score ≥ 5 (OR = 2.405; P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for POUR after radical surgery for anal fistula.
Conclusion
POUR is a common complication following radical surgery for anal fistula. Patients with urological disease or high anal fistula or incisions at position 1 are more likely to develop POUR. Surgeons should pay more attention to the surgical techniques of fistulas in the anterior rectum. Better postoperative pain and anxiety management strategies should be provided to reduce the incidence of POUR and avoid irreversible damage caused by persistent bladder overdistension.
Classification of MRI-only suspicious breast lesions: Development and validation of a nomogram combining MRI features and apparent diffusion coefficient histogram
Authors: Li Xue , Jiang Lei , Gao Jiayin , Zheng Dandan , Wang Hong , Chen Min 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram combining clinicoradiologic features and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based histogram parameters for MRI-only suspicious lesions.
Methods
Ninety patients who underwent breast MRI between May 2017 and August 2023 and were found to have MRI-only suspicious lesions were retrospectively included and randomly divided into training (n = 62) and validation (n = 28) cohorts. The clinical information and MRI features of each patient were reviewed and analyzed. The ADC maps of each patient were subjected to histogram analysis, and then 17 histogram parameters were extracted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant variables associated with predicting MRI-only malignant lesions, which were then included in the nomogram. The diagnostic performances of significant variables and the nomogram were evaluated and compared in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and DeLong’s test.
Results
The kinetic pattern in clinicoradiologic features (P = 0.004, odds ratio [OR] = 2.268) and ADC entropy in histogram parameters (P = 0.003, OR = 6.49) were significant variables associated with the classification of MRI-only suspicious lesions. The C-index values for the nomogram combining ADC entropy and kinetic pattern were 0.820 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.702–0.906) for the training cohort and 0.728 (95% CI: 0.528–0.878) for the validation cohort.
Conclusions
The nomogram combining kinetic pattern and ADC entropy can be used as a simple and noninvasive tool for classifying MRI-only suspicious lesions.
Somalia’s Medical Education and Regulation: A Review of the Health Regulatory Landscape
Authors: Hassan Mulki Mukhtar , Ali Amal Naleye , Ali Ifrah , Mohamed Zeinab Omar , Abdullahi Hamza Mohamed , Ahmed Mohamed Mustaf , Mohamud Abdirahman Khalif , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo , Okesanya Olalekan John , III Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Medical education and regulations are pivotal to achieving universal health coverage and Sustainable Development Goals, contributing significantly to health outcomes and public trust in the healthcare workforce. However, low- and middle-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, face challenges, such as inadequate resources, outdated curricula, and weak governance. Somalia in particular grapples with a fragmented health system and a critical shortage of skilled health professionals, exacerbated by decades of civil war and political instability.
Methods: This study employed a mixed-method approach that incorporated both qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, along with semi-structured interviews with 44 key informants, including representatives from professional health schools and officials from the Ministry of Health. Additionally, five focus group discussions were held with young professionals and an online survey was administered to students enrolled in professional health courses. The data analysis employed descriptive for quantitative data, and thematic analysis for qualitative data, guided by the HRH maturity model framework.
Results: This study identified 94 medical schools across Somalia, with a significant concentration in urban areas, particularly in Benadir. However, only 25 of these schools are internationally accredited, raising concerns about the quality of medical education. The health workforce analysis revealed a pronounced urban-rural disparity and a density of health professionals below the WHO's recommended threshold. Focus group discussions and surveys highlighted the employment challenges faced by young physicians and students' perceptions of their training and future employment opportunities.
Conclusion: The proliferation of medical schools without adequate quality control, the critical shortage and maldistribution of skilled health professionals, and the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework are significant challenges facing Somalia's healthcare system. The establishment of the National Health Professionals' Council (NHPC) Act in 2020 marks a step towards addressing these issues. This study emphasizes the need for accreditation of medical schools, capacity building of HRH teams, and collaboration among stakeholders to improve healthcare workforce development and regulation. Addressing urban-rural disparities and combating professional misconduct are also crucial for achieving universal health coverage and improving health outcomes in Somalia.
Cross-cultural differences in gastrointestinal symptoms and sensory response in individuals with autism: A comparison of Spain and Colombia.
Authors: Rodríguez-Jiménez Tíscar , Martínez-González Agustín E. , Riaño-Hernández Diana 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose. Between 40 and 70% of the population with autism have been found to suffer from functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). The emergence of FGIDs is related with lower quality of life, and greater medical resources, somatization and emotional instability. There is a paucity of research available that examines gastrointestinal symptoms and sensory responses in individuals with autism in different countries and cultures. Methods. The present study analyses differences in gastrointestinal symptoms and sensory response between individuals with autism from Spain (n=65; mean age = 8.91, SD = 4.02) and Colombia (n=62; mean age = 10.16, SD = 5.31). Results. No differences were found as a function of age, sex and autism severity between Spanish and Colombian participants. More severe functional nausea and vomiting was reported by the Colombian sample when compared with the Spanish sample. Similarly, greater sensory reactivity emerged in Colombian individuals with autism relative to Spanish individuals with autism. Conclusions. Identified differences may suggest that the impact of nutritional and epigenetic factors is dependent on the cultural context. Present findings are of huge relevance to the application of treatments in different cultures based on probiotics, prebiotics and nutrition.
Effects of Therapeutic Dosing through Enriched Environment on Gross Motor Function in Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Safa Saleem  , Samia Sarmad  , Mian Ali Raza  , Kamran Hanif  , Syed Asadullah  
Published: April 2024

Background: Cerebral palsy differs in every child in terms of impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions, so intervention should be designed in a way which is specific to every child and is constantly adjusted according to the needs of the child. Level appropriate selection of dosage (frequency, type, time, intensity) of treatment plays a vital role in treatment efficacy.
Objective: To investigate the effects of therapeutic dosing through age-appropriate enriched environment on gross motor function in spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy.
Methods: In this RCT, 82 spastic cerebral palsy children were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A received level appropriate enriched environmental inputs consisting of motor and sensory enriched play environment with therapeutic dosing (20-25 minutes intermittently, 5 hours per day, 5 days a week for 24 weeks) along with Neurodevelopmental Technique. The goal was to promote participant’s self-generated movements, exploration of the environment and successful task completion. Group B received clinical based regular physical therapy consisting of NDT. Guidance was given to parents on how to carry out a home program. Data was collected at the end of 5 months on GMFM scale to check improvement in gross motor function.
Results: The data was analyzed using Mann Whitney U test. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups. Group A showed improvement in gross motor function (p value<0.05) whereas improvement in group B was not as significant (p-value>0.05).
Conclusion: This study concluded that optimal dosage of an intervention along with parent/caregiver education started at an early age resulted in significant functional improvements in spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy children. These improvements were observed not only in body functions but also in active involvement and participation of the child.
Reynolds number effect on the parameters of turbulent flows over open channels
Authors: Kumar Pritam , Sharma Anurag 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Experimental investigations were conducted to analyze the effect of Reynolds numbers on turbulent flow properties in a nonuniform sand bed channel. Steady flow simulations were performed over the nonuniform sand bed channel, considering five Reynolds numbers within the range of 36500–53886. This article endeavors to delineate the influence of Reynolds number on turbulent flow properties through meticulous laboratory studies. Observations revealed that higher Reynolds numbers corresponded to increased longitudinal velocity. As the Reynolds number increases by 10 to 47%, various turbulent flow properties exhibit distinct trends. Specifically, the longitudinal velocity, longitudinal turbulent intensity, vertical turbulent intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, Reynolds shear stress, and Taylor scale show increases ranging from 5 to 30%, 15 to 25%, 15 to 20%, 25 to 60%, 20 to 40%, and 35 to 45%, respectively. Taylor scale analysis indicated higher magnitudes associated with higher Reynolds numbers. In-depth examinations of turbulent anisotropy, third-order moments of velocity fluctuations, kurtosis, turbulent kinetic energy production, and dissipation provided additional insights into flow behavior across different Reynolds numbers. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of flow dynamics in nonuniform sand bed channels under varying Reynolds number conditions, bridging the gap between laboratory studies and real-world scenarios.
Evaluation and projection of extreme precipitation using CMIP6 model simulations in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Xiao Heng , Zhuo Yue , Jiang Peng , Zhao Yan , Pang Kaiwen , Zhang Xiuyu 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The capabilities of 23 global climate models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 were evaluated for six extreme precipitation indices from 1961 to 2010 using interannual variability and Taylor skill scores in the Yellow River Basin and its eight subregions. The temporal variations and spatial distributions of extreme precipitation indices were projected from 2021 to 2050 under the shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios (SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5). The results show that most GCMs perform well in simulating extreme values (1-day maximum precipitation (RX1day) and 5-day maximum precipitation (RX5day)), duration (consecutive dry days), and intensity index (simple daily intensity index (SDII)), and perform poor in simulating the threshold indices (precipitation on very wet days (R95p) and number of heavy precipitation days (R10mm)). The projected changes in extreme precipitation indicate that under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, future extreme precipitation will increase by 15.7% (RX1day), 15.8% (RX5day), 30.3% (R95p), 1d (R10mm), and 6.6% (SDII), respectively, decrease by 2.1d (CDD). The aforementioned changes are further enhanced under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. Extreme precipitation changes widely in Hekou Town to Longmen, in the northeastern part of the region from Longmen to Sanmenxia, below Huayuankou, and in the interflow basin.
Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacology Study of RC98: A
Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Monoclonal Antibody in Cynomolgus
Monkeys
Authors: Wang Ling , Li Qiaoning , Deng Chenglian , Liu Zhihao , Wang Fang , Li Shenjun , Dong Lihou , Jiang Jing 
Published: April 2024

Introduction::
RC98 is the monoclonal antibody against Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1).
Relevant reports have confirmed that the influence of PD-L1 expressed by tumor cells on antitumor CD8+ T
cell responses is well characterized, but the impact of PD-L1 expressed by immune cells has not been well
defined.

Objective::
This study aimed to design a Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacology (PK/PD) study of RC98 in normal
cynomolgus monkeys to research the effect on the immune system.

Methods::
RC98 and vehicle were administered to cynomolgus monkeys at 15 mg/kg via intravenous infusion
once a week for 4 weeks to evaluate the relationship between PK and PD. The pharmacodynamic activity was
measured by the PD-L1 receptor occupancy (RO) in CD3+ T cells, A T-cell-dependent antibody response (TDAR),
and the concentration of soluble PD-L1.

Results::
The pharmacokinetic result showed that the exposure from the last administration was lower than that
of the first administration, probably due to immunogenicity production. There was a strong correlation between
systemic exposure and RO in CD3+ T cells but decreased RO levels after the last dose, which indirectly
reflected the activation of T cells. The keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-induced TDAR in the RC98 group
was higher than in the vehicle group. The concentration of soluble PD-L1 had increased feedback with RC98,
and the concentration of soluble PD-L1 was maintained at a higher level after multiple doses than before dosing.

Conclusion::
These data indicate that the immune system was clearly activated. In addition, the non-clinical data
could provide a basis for its efficacy evaluation in clinical trials.
Zn[L-proline]2 as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Dihydro Pyrano Thiazole
Derivatives via Cycloaddition Reaction in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Abd El-Lateef Hany M. , Eskander Thomas Nady A. , Hussein Alzubi Mohammad Saleh , Khalaf Mai M. , El Aleem Ali Ali El-Remaily Mahmoud Abd 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
In the current study, a zinc-linked amino acid complex was successfully synthesized
as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the synthesis of dihydro pyrano thiazole
derivatives via the reaction of an aromatic aldehyde with malononitrile and rhodanine in
one-pot, three-component reaction under green conditions. The structures of the new compounds
were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses. Environmental friendliness, low
cost, operational simplicity, extensive reusability and applicability, and easy recovery of the
catalyst using simple methods are the critical features of this methodology. Moreover, a
series of dihydro pyrano thiazole derivatives were synthesized. This new procedure has
presented remarkable advantages in terms of safety, simplicity, stability, mild conditions,
short reaction time, excellent yields, and high purity without using any hazardous solvents.
Exploring the Constituents and Mechanisms of Polygonum multiflorum
Thunb. in Mitigating Ischemic Stroke: A Network Pharmacology and
Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Ruan Lingyu , Zheng Mengyun , Xia Xinru , Pang Chaofan , Wang Yating , Fan Zhiwei , Yang Jingtian , Qing Qing , Lin Hongyan , Tao Yuheng , Wang Junsong , Wang Liqun 
Published: April 2024

Backgound::
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PMT) has shown promise in exerting
cerebrovascular protective effects, and its potential for treating ischemic stroke (IS) has garnered
attention. However, the lack of clarity regarding its chemical constituents and mechanisms has
significantly hindered its clinical application.

Methods::
In this study, we employed network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques
for the first time to elucidate the potential compounds and targets of PMT in treating IS. The databases
CTD, DrugBank, DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, PGKB, NCBI, TCMIP, CNKI,
PubMed, ZINC, STITCH, BATMAN, ETCM and Swiss provided information on targets related
to IS and components of PMT, along with their associated targets. We constructed “compoundtarget”
and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks sourced from the STRING database using
the Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis
were conducted using the DAVID database. Molecular docking between core targets and active
compounds was conducted using Autodock4 software. Experiments were performed in an oxygen-
glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model to validate the anti-IS activity of compounds
isolated from PMT preliminarily. Network pharmacological analysis revealed 16 core
compounds, including resveratrol, polydatin, TSG, ω-hydroxyemodin, emodin anthrone, tricin,
moupinamide, and others, along with 11 high-degree targets, such as PTGS1, PTGS2, ADORA1,
ADORA2, CA1, EGFR, ESR1, ESR2, SRC, MMP3 and MMP9.

Results::
GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed the involvement of HIF-1, Akt signaling
pathway and energy metabolism-related signaling pathways. Molecular docking results emphasized
eight key compounds and confirmed their interactions with corresponding targets. In vitro
OGD/R model experiments identified TSG and tricin as the primary active substances within
PMT for its anti-stroke activity.

Conclusion::
This study contributes new insights into the potential development of PMT for
stroke prevention and treatment.
A Review of Traditional Use, Constituent Analysis, Bioactivity, and
Application of Volatile Oils from Elsholtzia
Authors: Dram Dul , Guo Jia-Zeng , Wei Rong-Rui , Ma Qin-Ge 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Elsholtzia belongs to the Labiatae family, which consists of herbaceous
subshrubs and shrubs. Among them, volatile oils are an important chemical component in
Elsholtzia, which have various bioactive medicinal and developmental values

Methods:
The references about volatile oils of Elsholtzia in this review were obtained from
Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Willy, Elsevier, SpringLink, ACS publications, Google
Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Scopus, and CNKI. The other information about Elsholtzia was obtained
from classical works or ancient books.

Results:
Traditionally, the volatile oils from Elsholtzia were used in Chinese medicine to treat
cholera, abdominal pain, vomiting, and scattered edema. Relevant research revealed that
Elsholtzia contains many different types of volatile oils, and most of them display bioactivities,
including anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, hypolipidemic, insecticidal, and antiinflammatory
activities, treating spleen and stomach. Furthermore, the applications of volatile
oils were summarized and analyzed in this paper.

Conclusion:
The contents of traditional use, constituent analysis, bioactivity, and application of
volatile oils from Elsholtzia were reviewed in this paper. This will provide important research
value and a scientific basis for the in-depth study of the plants of Elsholtzia in the future.