bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sympathies for Putin Within the German Public: A Consequence of Political Alienation?
Authors: Hoffeller Lucca , Steiner Nils D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWhy do individuals in democratic nations sympathize with autocratic leaders from abroad? In this article, we address this general question with regard to Germans’ attitudes toward Vladimir Putin in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Building on the intuition that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend” and its formalization in balance theory, our study focuses on the role of political alienation at home. To study this role comprehensively, we consider several facets of political alienation: a lack of trust in political institutions, low support for democracy as a regime, a sense of estrangement from public discourse, and an inclination toward conspiracy thinking. Using longitudinal analyses on data from the German Longitudinal Election Study panel, we provide empirical evidence consistent with our argument that political alienation—particularly in terms of low political trust and a proclivity for conspiracy thinking—drives sympathies for Putin and his regime. Against the backdrop of mounting attempts by Russia and other autocratic powers to influence discourses in Western societies via some segments of society, our findings illuminate one important source of sympathy for Putin and, potentially, foreign autocrats more broadly.
Anaphylaxis: first clinical presentation, subsequent referral practise, and suspected elicitor—an observational study
Authors: Gudichsen Julie Holst , Bækdal Emil Aggerholm , Jessen Frederik Bloch , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Bindslev-Jensen Carsten , Mortz Charlotte G. , Mikkelsen Søren 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnaphylaxis is an allergic manifestation characterised by rapid onset and progression. Rapid treatment may be challenging in patients with atypical symptoms or no previous history of anaphylaxis. This study aimed to describe the clinical prehospital presentation of first-time anaphylactic patients. To help target educational initiatives, we sought to identify which groups of medical professionals are most likely to encounter first-time anaphylactic patients and investigated the referral pattern for suspected anaphylactic patients for specialised treatment. A retrospective register-based study from the Region of Southern Denmark. Patients referred to the Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, from 2019 to 2021 were included. The medical records were manually reviewed for first contact with the emergency departments or the emergency medical service. 444 patients with suspected anaphylaxis were referred. 226 patients had grade 3–5 systemic allergic reactions as classified by the World Allergy Organisation; 90% had cutaneous symptoms, 63% symptoms from the central nervous system, 42% gastrointestinal symptoms, 40% cardiovascular symptoms, 36% had upper-airway symptoms, and 36% had lower-airway symptoms. Patients treated prehospitally had a significantly more severe degree of anaphylaxis than patients only treated within the hospital. More than half of the patients with suspected anaphylaxis were referred to the Allergy Centre from the emergency departments. Patients with allergies progressing to severe anaphylaxis most often are treated prehospitally before transport to emergency departments. From the emergency departments, they are referred to the allergy centre. Education concerning the immediate treatment of severe anaphylaxis should primarily be targeted towards prehospital care providers.
Machine learning implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises: insights and recommendations from a quantitative study
Authors: Burggräf Peter , Steinberg Fabian , Sauer Carl René , Nettesheim Philipp 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) offers high potential in manufacturing industry; moreover, for example the effectiveness of quality prediction and evaluation can be greatly improved using Machine Learning, which can generate significant competitive advantages. However, the potentials of ML are not fully exploited by small and medium-sized enterprises. A qualitative empirical study was conducted with 60 companies from different industry sectors to determine when SMEs are more likely to use ML. Here, it is shown that the willingness to invest in applications is substantial for the implementation of ML. Also, the availability of sufficient qualitative data within the SME is imperative for applying ML. Furthermore, recommendations for action for SMEs are established to close the technology adoption gap in SMEs and to leverage the benefits of ML.
SME’s bond issuance and access to bank credit: evidence from Italy
Authors: Croce Annalisa , Quas Anita , Tenca Francesca 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we rely on the information asymmetries framework and relationship lending theory to study how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)’s access to bank credit improves after the issuance of a Minibond. Minibonds are fixed-income securities issued by SMEs aimed at supporting growth projects and refinancing operations. They were introduced by different European countries only recently, in response to the European sovereign debt crisis, which considerably constrained bank credit for SMEs.
Using a representative sample of Italian companies that issued Minibonds in the 2012–2020 period, we find support to our hypotheses. Issuing Minibonds helps SMEs access higher amounts of debt and improves credit conditions in terms of cost of debt and debt maturity, but with some caveats: only Minibonds issued with lower interest rates and longer maturities lead to better access to credit. Moreover, we find that some companies more exposed to information asymmetries (i.e. younger), with better access to transaction lending (depending on their location) and with larger amounts of collateral available (i.e., tangible assets) benefit more from Minibond issuance.
A Descriptive Analysis of Nasal Polyposis in HIV Positive Versus HIV Negative Patients
Authors: Molokomme Thobile , Maharaj Shivesh , Motakef Shahpar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNasal polyposis (NP) represents a benign proliferation of soft tissue tumors within the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, characterized by chronic inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa. This phenomenon, attributed to various environmental and physiological factors, presents clinically as semi-transparent masses with variable morphology, often obstructing nasal passages and causing respiratory compromise, olfactory dysfunction, and recurrent infections. Predominantly associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), NP poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management, particularly in the context of comorbid conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. HIV infection, known for its debilitating effects on the immune system, is theorized to exacerbate NP development and manifestation through mechanisms involving CD4 cell depletion and dysregulation of immune responses. Despite extensive research, elucidating potential pathways linking HIV infection to NP, comprehensive understanding remains elusive. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by conducting a retrospective chart review of patients presenting with NP at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020. The primary objective is to investigate the influence of HIV status on the clinical, radiological, and histological features of NP. Data collection, encompassing patient demographics, HIV status, clinical presentations, radiological findings, and histopathological characteristics, will be conducted between March 2021 and August 2022. Preliminary analysis of collected data reveals a cohort of 41 patients meeting inclusion criteria, with notable exclusions based on undisclosed HIV status and incomplete documentation. Initial findings suggest a nuanced interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and HIV status in NP pathogenesis, underscoring the need for further research to validate these observations. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of elucidating the complex relationship between HIV infection and NP to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, particularly in regions with a high HIV prevalence such as South Africa. By comprehensively assessing the clinical, radiological, and histological features of NP in HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations, this research endeavours to enhance our understanding of NP pathophysiology and improve patient outcomes.
ECLIM-SEHOP: how to develop a platform to conduct academic trials for childhood cancer
Authors: Juan-Ribelles Antonio , Bautista Francisco , Cañete Adela , Rubio-San-Simón Alba , Alonso-Saladrigues Anna , Hladun Raquel , Rives Susana , Dapena Jose Luís , Fernández Jose María , Lassaletta Álvaro , Cruz Ofelia , Ramírez-Villar Gemma , Fuster Jose Luís , de Heredia Cristina Diaz , García-Ariza Miguel , Quiroga Eduardo , del Mar Andrés María , Verdú-Amorós Jaime , Molinés Antonio , Herrero Blanca , López Mónica , Márquez Catalina , Toboso María , Lendínez Frencisco , Sirvent Jose Gómez , Tallón María , Rodríguez Guiomar , Acha Tomás , Moreno Lucas , Fernández-Teijeiro Ana ,   the Sociedad Española de Hematología y Oncología Pediátrica (SEHOP)
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction
ECLIM-SEHOP platform was created in 2017. Its main objective is to establish the infrastructure to allow Spanish participation into international academic collaborative clinical trials, observational studies, and registries in pediatric oncology. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the activity conducted by ECLIM-SEHOP since its creation.

Methods
The platform’s database was queried to provide an overview of the studies integrally and partially supported by the organization. Data on trial recruitment and set-up/conduct metrics since its creation until November 2023 were extracted.

Results
ECLIM-SEHOP has supported 47 studies: 29 clinical trials and 18 observational studies/registries that have recruited a total of 5250 patients. Integral support has been given to 25 studies: 16 trials recruiting 584 patients and nine observational studies/registries recruiting 278 patients. The trials include front-line studies for leukemia, lymphoma, brain and solid extracranial tumors, and other key transversal topics such as off-label use of targeted therapies and survivorship. The mean time from regulatory authority submission to first patient recruited was 12.2 months and from first international site open to first Spanish site open was 31.3 months.

Discussion
ECLIM-SEHOP platform has remarkably improved the availability and accessibility of international academic clinical trials and has facilitated the centralization of resources in childhood cancer treatment. Despite the progressive improvement on clinical trial set-up metrics, timings should still be improved. The program has contributed to leveling survival rates in Spain with those of other European countries that presented major differences in the past.
Mumford representation and Riemann-Roch space of a divisor on a hyperelliptic curve
Authors: Falcone Giovanni , Filippone Giuseppe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor an (imaginary) hyperelliptic curve $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
of genus g, with a Weierstrass point $$\Omega $$
Ω
, taken as the point at infinity, we determine a basis of the Riemann-Roch space $$\mathcal {L}(\Delta + m \Omega )$$

L
(
Δ
+
m
Ω
)

, where $$\Delta $$
Δ
is of degree zero, directly from the Mumford representation of $$\Delta $$
Δ
. This provides in turn a generating matrix of a Goppa code.
The Public Role of Italian Sociology: Among Institutions, Universities and Social Engagement
Authors: Sorice Michele , Viviani Lorenzo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSociology has played an important role in Italy, although its centrality in public debate has fluctuated, and it has been supported or opposed by political power at different historical moments. Contemporary Italian sociology has developed since the 1950s and has been influenced in various ways by European and American sociological theories. Sociology has played an important role in Italian public debate and has offered a critical and scientific perspective on the country’s social reality. However, this role should be understood in the context of the different stages of development that have accompanied the academic growth of the discipline and the presence of sociologists in ‘policy making’ processes. In the latter sense, Italian sociology has played an important role in the formation of public policies, as it offers a scientific analysis of social problems and proposes solutions based on empirical research. Within this framework, the training processes also need to be situated within what has been defined—albeit with conceptual ambiguity—as ‘professional sociology’, which involves important figures such as social workers, psychologists, and health workers. However, sociology has also played an important political role both in supporting the actions of policy makers and in analysing the contradictions of the capitalist system. This article also analyses the emergence of a ‘transformative’ positional sociology alongside the traditional public sociology. The goal of this transformative approach is to counteract the public role of Italian sociology, which seems to have lost its critical-explanatory vocation without ever having truly acquired a propositional function in the social context.
Sacituzumab govitecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients treated at Institut Curie Hospitals: efficacy, safety, and impact of brain metastases
Authors: De Moura Alexandre , Loirat Delphine , Vaillant Sarah , Korbi Sinen , Kiavue Nicolas , Bello Roufai Diana , Escalup Laurence , Desmaris Romain , Vaflard Pauline , Cottu Paul , Pierga Jean-Yves , Bidard François-Clément , Cabel Luc , Acramel Alexandre 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) has been approved by FDA in April 2021 for pre-treated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), following the ASCENT trial results.

Methods
We set up an ambispective bicentric cohort study to assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of SG in patients with mTNBC treated at Institut Curie Hospitals, with a focus on patients with brain metastases.

Results
This study included 99 patients treated through the French Early Access Program to SG from May 2021 to January 2023. Median age was 55 years [26–89], N = 8 patients (8%) had BRCA1/2 mutation, N = 12 (12%) de novo stage IV disease and N = 31 (31%) brain metastases. Patients had previously received a median of two [1–10] lines of treatment in advanced setting. After a median follow-up of 9.7 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.9 months (95%CI[3.4–5.0]) and 8.6 months (95%CI[7.1–11.9]), respectively, while objective response rate was 29% (95%CI[21–39]). Among patients with brain metastases, median PFS and OS were 3.7 months (95%CI[2.6–6.2]) and 6.7 months (95%CI[6.3–NR]), respectively, with intracranial tumor responses. Dose reductions were required in N = 17 patients (17%) within a median of three [2–11] cycles, due to gastrointestinal toxicity (N = 6; 6%), hematological toxicity (N = 9; 9%) including febrile neutropenia (N = 2; 2%), liver enzyme elevation (N = 1; 1%), and physical deterioration (N = 1; 1%). There was no related death to SG.

Conclusions
The observed response rate and safety of SG are consistent with the results of the ASCENT trial, with efficacy observed in patients with brain metastases, but observed PFS and OS are numerically shorter.
Numerical simulation of friction extrusion: process characteristics and material deformation due to friction
Authors: Diyoke George , Rath Lars , Chafle Rupesh , Ben Khalifa Noomane , Klusemann Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study employs a finite element thermo-mechanical model, using a Lagrangian incremental setting to investigate friction extrusion (FE) under varying process conditions. The incorporation of rotation in FE generates substantial frictional heat, leading to significantly reduced process forces in comparison to conventional extrusion (CE). The model reveals the interplay between temperature, strain, and strain rate across different microstructural zones of the resulting wire. Specifically, the sticking friction condition in FE enhances initial shear deformation, aligning with a homogeneous spatial strain distribution and predicting complete grain refinement in the extruded wire, as per Zener-Hollomon calculations. On the other hand, under the sliding friction condition in FE, the shear deformation is reduced which results in an inhomogeneous microstructure in the extruded wire. The analysis of material flow in the workpiece reveals distinct transitions from the base material to the thermo-mechanically affected zones. The simulated process force, thermal history, and microstructure during sliding friction conditions align well with the findings from performed friction extrusion experiments.
Identifying alternative stops for first and last-mile urban travel planning
Authors: Horstmannshoff Thomas , Redmond Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractUrban travelers today are seeking increasingly more information to plan their optimal trip, based on additional factors other than scheduled departure times. Still, some route planning applications provide a simple approach with a few parameter settings (e.g. to minimize travel time between two specific places at a certain time) and without any multimodal solutions. Our approach provides travelers with a set of non-dominated nearby stops that presents a number of traveler preferences in an easily comprehensible and quickly calculable manner. We display first and last-mile stops that fall on a Pareto front based on multiple criteria such as travel time, number of transfers, and frequency of service. Our algorithm combines stop and route-based information to quickly present the traveler with numerous nearby quality options for their itinerary decision making. We expand this algorithm to include multimodal itineraries with the incorporation of free-floating scooters to investigate the change in stop and itinerary characteristics. We then analyze the results on the star-shaped public transportation network of Göttingen, Germany, to show what advantages stops on the Pareto front have as well as demonstrate the increased effect on frequency and service lines when incorporating a broadened multimodal approach.
Lehren und Lernen mit und über Medien im Sportunterricht
Authors: Rehlinghaus Konstantin 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungKinder und Jugendliche wachsen in einer digital geprägten Lebenswelt auf. Dies verleiht medienpädagogischen Zielen und Inhalten in der Schule eine wachsende Bedeutung. Dahingehend hat die Kultusministerkonferenz (KMK) in der Strategie „Bildung in der digitalen Welt“ bereits 2016 beschlossen, dass digitale Lehr- und Lernformate im Unterricht integriert sowie Medienkompetenzen in allen Fächern gefördert werden sollen. Dies gilt auch für den Sportunterricht. Lehrkräfte können hier als zentrale Akteur*innen bei der Inszenierung angesehen werden. Deshalb ist es notwendig, mehr über deren Sichtweisen auf ein Lehren mit und über (digitale) Medien im Sportunterricht zu erfahren. In diesem thematischen Rahmen wurden im Zeitraum Juli bis Dezember 2022 in einer leitfadengestützten Interviewstudie nordrhein-westfälische Sportlehrkräfte (N = 20) von Gesamtschulen (n = 7) und Gymnasien (n = 13) befragt. Die Ergebnisse verweisen darauf, dass Sportlehrkräfte ambivalent auf medienpädagogische Aufgaben blicken. Es zeigt sich zudem, dass bereits bekannte fachkulturelle Vorstellungen von Sportlehrkräften bezüglich der Inszenierung medienpädagogischer Aufgaben zu einer Vernachlässigung eines Lehrens und Lernens über Medien im Sportunterricht aus Sicht der interviewten Lehrkräfte führen.
Trajectories of socio-ecological systems: A case study in the tropical Andes
Authors: Berrio-Giraldo Linda , Villegas-Palacio Clara , Arango-Aramburo Santiago , Berrouet Lina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractScenario and policy assessments in socioeconomic and environmental studies face significant challenges in socio-ecological systems (SES). There are a limited number of studies that have looked at the impact of different scenarios within integrated approaches, and many have used a static approach with a single driver of change. The present work analyzes the SES dynamics for a strategic basin in the Colombian Andes when implementing and analyzing scenarios and policies related to land cover and land use change using a system dynamics simulation model. The model includes natural, ecosystem services, sociocultural, and economic components. Scenarios and policy options are analyzed both individually and jointly to identify synergies or trade-off effects between the different SES components. The results showed the different trajectories of the socio-ecological system according to the cases studied, and its impact on different variables in the analyzed components. Some counterintuitive effects were also identified, such as the importance of intrinsic motivations in decision-making processes, and determinants in land management and policy design.
Effects of a Learning Trajectory for statistical inference on 9th-grade students’ statistical literacy
Authors: van Dijke-Droogers Marianne , Drijvers Paul , Bakker Arthur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In our data-driven society, it is essential for students to become statistically literate. A core domain within Statistical Literacy is Statistical Inference, the ability to draw inferences from sample data. Acquiring and applying inferences is difficult for students and, therefore, usually not included in the pre-10th-grade curriculum. However, recent studies suggest that developing a good understanding of key statistical concepts at an early age facilitates the understanding of Statistical Inference later on. This study evaluates the effects of a Learning Trajectory for Statistical Inference on Dutch 9th-grade students’ Statistical Literacy. Theories on informal Statistical Inference and repeated sampling guided the Learning Trajectory’s design. For the evaluation, we used a pre-post research design with an intervention group (n = 267). The results indicated that students made significant progress on Statistical Literacy and on the ability to make inferences in particular, but also on the other domains of Statistical Literacy. To further interpret the learning gains of this group, we compared students’ results with national baseline achievements from a comparison group (n = 217) who followed the regular 9th-grade curriculum, and with international studies using similar test items. Both comparisons confirmed a significant positive effect on all domains of Statistical Literacy. These findings suggest that current statistics curricula for grades 7–9, usually with a strong descriptive focus, can be enriched with an inferential focus.