bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal genetic and non-genetic effects on the development of exploration and anxiety-like behaviours in a native Australian rodent, the fawn-footed mosaic-tailed rat Melomys cervinipes
Authors: Rowell Misha K. , Rymer Tasmin L. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Personality in non-human animals has been a popular area of research; however, it is still unknown how genetic and non-genetic factors influence the development of personality in many species. Therefore, we investigated how maternal genetic and non-genetic effects influenced adult offspring personality (exploration and anxiety) in the fawn-footed mosaic-tailed rat Melomys cervinipes. We first measured the amount of maternal care mothers provided to their offspring. Later, we assessed mothers and adult offspring over two testing sessions for exploratory behaviour using open field and novel object tests, and anxiety behaviour in a light/dark test. We calculated repeatability of behaviours and used parent–offspring regressions to assess heritability of behaviours. No measure of maternal care significantly influenced offspring personality. However, exploration of new spaces was constrained by maternal genetic effects. In contrast, anxiety and exploration of novel objects was more flexible, suggesting these behaviours may be more influenced by an individual’s experiences during development.
Celebrating Australian native foods through hospital foodservices: Engaging patients, staff and the broader community
Authors: Utter Jennifer , McRae Rebecca , Mole Frances , Brennan Kaitlin , McCray Sally 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The modern Australian diet is largely characterised by too few fruits and vegetables and too many discretionary foods. This is very different to how Indigenous Australians ate prior to colonisation. Native plants and seeds like bush tomatoes, warrigal greens, Kakadu plum and wattleseed are not common features of the contemporary Australian diet. We developed an initiative to incorporate native plants and seeds into a hospital inpatient menu to normalise their use and provide nutrition education to patients, staff and the community of the nutrition and sustainability benefits of native ingredients. Design: Between May and August 2022, the Chef’s Special menu (for privately funded patients) featured Australian native ingredients in all dishes. The nutritional benefits of native foods were communicated to patients through a printed brochure delivered with the menu, to foodservices staff through in-service training, and to the broader community through social media. Setting: Urban hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Method: Data were collected on acceptability, engagement and reach of the education initiative. Results: The initiative was successfully delivered, with more than 8,000 patient brochures distributed, 45 staff attending training, and social media reaching approximately 10,000 people. The most frequently ordered main meal on the menu was grilled snapper (fish) with macadamia Asian herb salad and finger lime. Conclusion: The work highlighted how the patient menu in hospital can serve as a useful tool to communicate nutrition education to patients, staff and the broader community. In addition, we reflect on the many opportunities to continue to celebrate the nutritional benefits of Australian native foods in healthcare settings.
Educating vulnerable communities about diabetes: Can a fotonovela work?
Authors: Davis Burt , Jansen Carel 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of reading different versions of a fotonovela about diabetes in resource-poor settings in South Africa. Design: An experimental study was conducted with 411 participants, comparing a fotonovela with a younger protagonist, a similar fotonovela version with an older protagonist and a no message control condition. Differences between the two fotonovela versions were analysed for two age groups of readers (25–49 years, and 50 years and older). Setting: Community centres in vulnerable communities in the South African provinces of the Western Cape, the Northern Cape and Gauteng. Method: In the experimental conditions, participants completed a questionnaire after reading one of the fotonovela versions. Participants in the control condition answered similar questions without having read a fotonovela. Results: Both fotonovela versions resulted in more diabetes knowledge than the control condition. Limited positive effects were found for attitudes and behavioural intentions. In the younger participant group, age similarity between the protagonist and readers resulted in knowledge gain, while in the older participant group, no such effect was found. In both age groups, no age similarity effects were found for attitudes or behavioural intentions. Conclusion: This study confirms that fotonovelas can be an effective means of health communication. Furthermore, for a narrative on a health topic for which age is relevant, it can be beneficial to choose a young protagonist. For readers from the same age group, the impact of the story on knowledge acquisition may then be greatest, while for older readers, the age of the protagonist does not seem to influence the knowledge effects of the story.
Linking Methods for Multidimensional Forced Choice Tests Using the Multi-Unidimensional Pairwise Preference Model
Authors: Tu Naidan , Kumar Lavanya S. , Joo Sean , Stark Stephen 
Published: March 2024

Applications of multidimensional forced choice (MFC) testing have increased considerably over the last 20 years. Yet there has been little, if any, research on methods for linking the parameter estimates from different samples. This research addressed that important need by extending four widely used methods for unidimensional linking and comparing the efficacy of new estimation algorithms for MFC linking coefficients based on the Multi-Unidimensional Pairwise Preference model (MUPP). More specifically, we compared the efficacy of multidimensional test characteristic curve (TCC), item characteristic curve (ICC; Haebara, 1980), mean/mean (M/M), and mean/sigma (M/S) methods in a Monte Carlo study that also manipulated test length, test dimensionality, sample size, percentage of anchor items, and linking scenarios. Results indicated that the ICC method outperformed the M/M method, which was better than the M/S method, with the TCC method being the least effective. However, as the number of items “per dimension” and the percentage of anchor items increased, the differences between the ICC, M/M, and M/S methods decreased. Study implications and practical recommendations for MUPP linking, as well as limitations, are discussed.
Supporting best practice in reflexive thematic analysis reporting in Palliative Medicine: A review of published research and introduction to the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (RTARG)
Authors: Braun Virginia , Clarke Victoria 
Published: March 2024

Background: Reflexive thematic analysis is widely used in qualitative research published in Palliative Medicine, and in the broader field of health research. However, this approach is often not used well. Common problems in published reflexive thematic analysis in general include assuming thematic analysis is a singular approach, rather than a family of methods, confusing themes and topics, and treating and reporting reflexive thematic analysis as if it is atheoretical. Purpose: We reviewed 20 papers published in Palliative Medicine between 2014 and 2022 that cited Braun and Clarke, identified using the search term ‘thematic analysis’ and the default ‘relevance’ setting on the journal webpage. The aim of the review was to identify common problems and instances of good practice. Problems centred around a lack of methodological coherence, and a lack of reflexive openness, clarity and detail in reporting. We considered contributors to these common problems, including the use of reporting checklists that are not coherent with the values of reflexive thematic analysis. To support qualitative researchers in producing coherent and reflexively open reports of reflexive thematic analysis we have developed the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (the RTARG; in Supplemental Materials ) informed by this review, other reviews we have done and our values and experience as qualitative researchers. The RTARG is also intended for use by peer reviewers to encourage methodologically coherent reviewing. Key learning points: Methodological incoherence and a lack of transparency are common problems in reflexive thematic analysis research published in Palliative Medicine. Coherence can be facilitated by researchers and reviewers striving to be knowing – thoughtful, deliberative, reflexive and theoretically aware – practitioners and appraisers of reflexive thematic analysis and developing an understanding of the diversity within the thematic analysis family of methods.
Influence of FeCoNiMnCr high-entropy alloy particulate fillers on morphology and mechanical behaviour of epoxy composites
Authors: Mane Praveen J , Murthy R Venkatesh , Shantharaja M , S Prakrathi 
Published: March 2024

High-entropy alloys due to their tunable properties, superior corrosion resistance, and exceptional strength can be used as potential reinforcements in composites. In the present study, FeCoNiMnCr HEA sub-micron particles were used as fillers in the epoxy matrix to fabricate epoxy-HEA composites. These novel composite combinations were studied for their density, water absorption, microhardness and tensile properties. Metal powders of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn and Cr were mechanically alloyed in an equi-atomic ratio for 15 h to produce face-centred cubic (FCC) structured HEA particulates. The epoxy-HEA composites of different HEA concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 HEA wt. %) were prepared using hand lay-up process. The fabricated composites had good structural integrity with void content below 3%. The electron microscopy images showed sub-micron HEA particles homogenously dispersed in the epoxy matrix. Epoxy composite with 4 wt% HEA filler concentration showed an absorption rate of 0.86% for 192-h immersion. The composites showed improved mechanical properties as compared to neat epoxy. For the addition of 4 wt% HEA filler, the microhardness and tensile strength of the epoxy composite improved by 158% and 54%, respectively.
Adversity Quotient as Determining Factor of Mental Health and Professional Quality of Life Among Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saxena Swati , Rathore Bhanupriya 
Published: March 2024

Background Adversity quotient (AQ) is an individual’s ability to persist during the phase of constant alteration within one’s context, privation and response is measured by assessing AQ. It is a measure of resilience including four components which are ‘control’, ‘ownership’, ‘reach’ and ‘endurance’. Healthcare professionals face regularly changing adversities and new challenges, yet perform with optimal functioning. This also sometimes results in anxiety, depression, burnout and poor professional quality of life (ProQOL). Summary The current systematic review’s aim is to explore the existing literature on AQ and the ProQOL of doctors, counsellors, psychologists, nurses, nursing students, psychiatric social workers and other healthcare professionals. Electronic databases of PubMed, NIH and Scopus were searched and authors conducted a systematic review of 23 published, unpublished studies and dissertations on the impact of workplace adversities on AQ and ProQOL of healthcare professionals, medical students and other helping professionals, up to 2024. Key Message Showed a significant relationship between AQ, ProQOL, anxiety, depression and burnout among healthcare professionals and other helping professions. It was also observed that healthcare professionals with high AQ were able to experience a better ProQOL and improved well-being at the workplace.
Study of nycthemeral variations in blood pressure in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Gaillard-Groleas Claire , Ormezzano Olivier , Pollet-Villard Frédéric , Vignal Catherine , Gohier Philippe , Thuret Gilles , Rougier Marie-Bénédicte , Pepin Jean-Louis , Chiquet Christophe 
Published: March 2024

Purpose The objective of this study was to analyze the nycthemeral variations in blood pressure (BP) in individuals who presented with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Methods BP was recorded for 24 h (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ABPM) in 65 patients with acute NAION. Three definitions of nighttime periods were used: definition 1, 1 a.m.–6 a.m.; definition 2, 10 p.m.–7 a.m.; and definition 3, 10 p.m.–8 a.m. For each of these definitions, patients were classified according to the value of nocturnal reduction in BP into dippers (10–20%), mild dippers (0–10%), reverse dippers (< 0%), and extreme dippers (> 20%). Results The proportions of dippers, mild dippers, reverse dippers, and extreme dippers varied significantly depending on the definition chosen. We found the highest number of patients with extreme dipping (23%) when using the strictest definition of nighttime period (definition 1, 1 a.m.–6 a.m.), as compared with 6.2% and 1.5% for the other definitions, respectively. Overall, 13 of 33 patients without known systemic hypertension (39%) were diagnosed with hypertension after ABPM. No risk factor for NAION was associated with the extreme-dipping profile. Finally, the prevalence of systemic hypertension was high (69%). Conclusion In our population of patients who had an episode of NAION, the proportion of extreme dippers was higher than that usually found in the literature. However, extreme dipping is not a frequent feature of patients with NAION as compared to patients with systemic hypertension. ABPM is recommended for all patients with NAION and unknown history of systemic hypertension.
“Stuck in the middle”: the missing lumbosacral link in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Scanlon Christopher M , Christensen Thomas , Bieganowski Thomas , Buehring Weston , Meftah Morteza , Hepinstall Matthew S 
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Spinopelvic mobility drives functional acetabular position, influencing dislocation risk after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients have been described as “stuck sitting” or “stuck standing” based on pelvic tilt (PT). We hypothesised that some patients are “stuck in the middle,” meaning their PT changes minimally from sitting to standing – increasing their risk of dislocation. Methods: We reviewed 195 patients with standing and sitting whole body radiographs prior to THA. Standing anterior pelvic plane tilt (APPT) and standing and sitting sacral slope (SS) were measured and used to calculate sitting APPT. Normal standing and sitting were defined as APPT >−10° and <−20°, respectively. Spinal stiffness was classified as <10° change in sacral slope between sitting and standing. Patients were categorised as: (A) able to fully sit and stand; (B) “stuck sitting” - able to fully sit; unable to fully stand; (C) “stuck standing” - able to fully stand; unable to fully sit; or (D) “stuck in the middle” - unable to sit or stand fully. Results: 84 patients could sit and stand normally (A), 22 patients were stuck sitting (B), 76 patients were stuck standing (C), and 13 patients were stuck in the middle (D). While 111 patients (56.9%) were considered stuck, only 58 patients (29.7%) met criteria for spinal stiffness. Discussion: We identified a subset of patients with stiff spines and abnormal PT in both sitting and standing, including 37.1% of patients who would be classified as “stuck sitting” based only on standing radiographs. Placing acetabular components in less than anatomic anteversion in these patients may increase posterior dislocation risk.
Genome-wide Analysis Identified SEMA4D, Novel Candidate Gene for Temperature Sensitivity in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Park Jung-Hyang , Kwag Eunbin , Jeong Mi-Kyung , Park So-Jung , Lee Sanghun , Yoo Hwa-Seung 
Published: March 2024

Background: In the era of precision medicine, individual temperature sensitivity has been highlighted. This trait has traditionally been used for cold-heat pattern identification to understand the inherent physical characteristics, which are influenced by genetic factors, of an individual. However, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on this trait are limited. Methods: Using genotype data from 90 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, we performed a GWAS to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and temperature sensitivity, such as cold and heat scores. The score of each participant was evaluated using self-administered questionnaires on common symptoms and a 15-item symptom-based cold-heat pattern identification questionnaire. Results: The GWAS was adjusted for confounding factors, including age and sex, and significant associations were identified for cold and heat scores: SNP rs145814326, located on the intron of SORCS2 at chromosome 4p16.1, had a P-value of 1.86 × 10−7; and SNP rs79297667, located upstream from SEMA4D at chromosome 9q22.2, had a P-value of 8.97 × 10−8. We also found that the genetic variant regulates the expression level of SEMA4D in the main tissues, including the lungs and white blood cells, in NSCLC. Conclusions: SEMA4D was found to be significantly associated with temperature sensitivity in patients with NSCLC, suggesting an increased expression of SEMA4D in patients with higher heat scores. The potential role of temperature sensitivity as a prognostic or predictive marker of immune response in NSCLC should be further studied.
Efficacy and Safety of Huachansu as an Adjuvant Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Wu Caixian , Li Peicong , Zhong Yuetong , Wu Wanyin , Wang Sumei , Yang Xiaobing 
Published: March 2024

Objective: The purpose of this overview is to assess systematic reviews (SRs)/ meta-analyses (MAs) of Huachansu (HCS) combination chemotherapy for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and provide summarized evidence for clinical decision making. Methods: From the creation of the database to JUNE 2023, 8 databases in English and Chinese were searched. SRs/MAs that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Two reviewers independently screened research, extracted data and assessed methodological quality, risk of bias, report quality and evidence quality by using relevant criteria from AMSTAR-2, ROBIS scale, PRISMA, and GRADE system. Results: The short-term effect, long-term effect, quality of life improvement, safety and pain relief effect in 8 included SRs/MAs were assessed in this overview according to quantitative synthesis. Results assessed by AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and ROBIS were generally unsatisfactory, with the results of the AMSTAR-2 assessment showing that all of them were of low or critically low quality; the number of items in the included research that were fully reported (compliance was 100%) by the PRISMA checklist was only 50%, while there were 38.10% of the research reporting less than 60% completeness; the ROBIS assessment showed a small number of systems to be low risk of bias. In addition, 26 items were rated as moderate quality, while 50.94% of items were rated as low or critically low quality by GRADE. Conclusion: HCS may be a promising adjuvant therapy for NSCLC. However, high-quality SRs/MAs and randomized control trials (RCTs) should be conducted to provide sufficient evidence so as to draw a definitive conclusion.
Mental health, chronic and infectious conditions among pregnant persons in US state prisons and local jails 2016–2017
Authors: Hendricks Caitlin A , Rajagopal Karissa M , Sufrin Carolyn B , Kramer Camille , Jiménez Monik C 
Published: March 2024

Background: Pregnant individuals in incarcerated settings have unique healthcare needs. Rates of mental health, infectious diseases, and chronic disease are higher among nonpregnant incarcerated women compared with those who are not, but the prevalence of these conditions among pregnant people in custody has not been documented. Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of metabolic, infectious, and mental health conditions in pregnant people to identify the medical needs of high-risk pregnancies in US state prisons and local jails. Study Design: This was a prospective epidemiologic surveillance of a convenience sample of state prisons ( n = 20) and local jails ( n = 3). Methods: We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit a national sample of prisons and jails of a range of sizes and geographies. Reporters submitted to our study database monthly data on selected pregnancy comorbidities for 6 months between 2016 and 2017. Screening, diagnosis, and tracking of these conditions are derived from each facility’s medical record and health care delivery systems. Results: Of the 445 newly admitted pregnant people in prisons and 243 in jails, the most prevalent conditions were mental health conditions and hepatitis C. Specifically, 34.1% ( n = 152) in prison and 23.5% ( n = 57) in jail had a substance use disorder, and 27.4% ( n = 122) of those in prison and 17.7% ( n = 43) in jail had a psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, 20.2% ( n = 91) in prison and 6.6% ( n = 16) in jail had hepatitis C. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that chronic medical and mental health conditions are prevalent among pregnant people in US prisons and jails. However, significant variability in the reported number of cases of these conditions from state to state and between facility types implies a lack of or inadequate screening practices. These data indicate the need for comprehensive screening and appropriate care for the complex needs of pregnant incarcerated people.
Hospital Environment and Medical Sociology: User-Centered Environmental Sociology Model Based on a Systematic Review
Authors: Ghaffari Faezeh 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between environmental quality and medical sociology in hospitals and suggests a conceptual framework for understanding their interrelation. Background: Despite the importance of environmental properties in the sociological approach to users’ health and the role of medical sociology research in the design of hospital environments, few studies have been conducted in the field of hospital environments and medical sociology interrelation. Therefore, this article attempts to fill this gap in our knowledge. Methods: A systematic review was carried out in five databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect) based on PRISMA guidelines to survey how environmental quality and medical sociology factors are related in the medical/environmental sociology research and the hospital design. Results: The search yielded the final 17 potentially relevant articles after finding 3,840 records, screening 1,295 nonduplicate articles, and reviewing 158 full-text articles. The findings revealed that four main aspects of medical sociology (physical–biological, psychological, social, and economic) and hospital environmental quality (physical, social, and psychological dimensions) influence users’ health and disease status. The hospital environment includes various social issues in medical sociology (like interactions, behavior patterns, lifestyle, work motivation, and culture). The physical and psychosocial factors of the hospital environment (such as spatial configuration, aesthetics, scale, privacy, and collective spaces) are associated with psychosocial aspects of medical sociology (like social class, behavior patterns, culture, and lifestyle). Conclusion: Environmental features and psychosocial issues should be considered to improve users’ health and experience in hospitals and to create a user-centered health-promoting environment.