bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tellurium Polycations Stabilized by Halogenobismutates – Syntheses and Crystal Structure of te4[bi6Cl20] and te4[bi2br8]
Authors: Beck Johannes , Kasper Martin , Stankowski Alexander 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe reaction of Te, TeX4 and BiX3 [X = Cl, Br] in sealed, evacuated glass ampoules in the temperature range 170° 100°C yields a variety of compounds composed of tellurium polycations and halobismutate anions. Two of these have been identified by crystal structure analyses as Te4[Bi6Cl20] (triclinic, P., a = 738.8(2), b = 875.1(2), c = 1389.1(6) pm, α = 87.89(2), β = 82.87(4), γ = 87.89(2) ·, Z = 1) and Te4[Bi2Nr8 (triclinic, P., a = 726.0(4), b = 773.7(4), c = 901.8(5) pm, α = 92.95(2), β = 102.23(2), γ = 92.87(2)., Z = 1). Both compounds were obtained as black crystals with a violet lustre and contain square‐planar Te42+ cations. Te4[Bi6Cl20] contains a two‐dimensional polymeric anion [Bi6Cl20]2− made up of corner‐ and edge‐sharing BiCl6 octahedra with attached BiCl3 groups. The Bi–Cl distances vary over a very wide range from 245 to 334 pm. Te4[Bi2Br8] consists of a onedimensional chain [BiBr2Br4/2−[n of cis‐edge‐connected BiBr6 octahedra with Bi–Br distances ranging from 264 to 318 pm.
Tris‐Chelating Oxygen Ligands: New Synthetic Routes to Sterically Demanding Ligands
Authors: Kläui Wolfgang , Schramm Georg , Asbahr Hark‐Oluf , Englert Ulli 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe lithium and sodium compounds A[P(O)R2] (A+ = Li+, Na+; R = OPh, OiPr) have been prepared in situ from Hp(O)R2 and butyllithium or sodium hydride. They react with the cyclopentadienyl complexes [(C5H5)MI2(CO)] (M = Co, Rh), [(C5Me5)CoCl2]2, and [(C5H5)CoI2]n to yield alkali metal salts AL of tridentate oxygen ligands (A+ = Li+, Na+; L− = [(C5R′5]M{P(O)R2}3]−, R′ = H, Me; M = Co, Rh; R = OPh, OiPr) (2). For the ligand LCo, OPh = [(C5H5)‐Co{P(O)(OPh)2}3]−, an alternative synthesis has been developed, starting from [(C5H5)2Co]PF6. The structure of the sodium salt NaLCo, OPh (2d) has been determined by X‐ray diffraction. The ligand LCo, Oph−, with a cone angle TH of about 200°, completely blocks one half of the coordination sphere around the sodium centre. The ligand profile has been calculated to allow appraisal of the angular encumbrance of the ligand.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of the First Enantiomerically Pure (Triazolinylidene)ruthenium(ii) and ‐rhodium(iii) Chelate Complexes
Authors: Enders Diter , Gielen Heike , Raabe Gerhard , Runsink Jan , Henrique Teles H. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe chloro bridges of the dinuclear complexes [(.65‐cymene)‐RuCl2]2 and [(.5‐C5Me5)RhCl2]2 can be cleaved by reaction wht an N‐phenyltriazolium perchlorate (1) and a base, resulting in the formation of (carbene)metal complexes. In this manner, abstraction of one ortho‐proton of the phenyl group and elimination of HCl leads to pseudo‐tetrahedral ruthenium (2) and rhodium (3) complexes, thereby creating a stereogenic center at the transition metal. By using enantiomerically pure triazolium perchlorates, the diastereoselective synthesis of these complexes with diastereomeric excesses of up to 95% can be achieved, with the possibility of separating the two diastereomers by column chromatography. The relative, and therefore also the absolute configuration of the ruthenium complex (RRu)‐2b could be determined by X‐ray structure analysis. A stereospecific substitution of chlorine by iodine or acetonitrile to form the diastereomerically pure complexes 4, 5 and 6 (the latter as cationic ruthenium complexes) allows a further variation of the ligands.
A Density Functional Study of the Systems [MH3(PMe3)4]+ (M = FE, RU, OS)
Authors: Jacobsen Heiko , Berke Heinz 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe structures and relative energies of various isomers of [FeH3(PMe3)4)+ (1), [RuH3(PMe3)4]. (2) and [OsH3(PMe3)4]. (3) have been studies by density functional theory. The stereoisomers considered are derived from a tetrahedral (T), square planar (P), and C2v‐butterfly (C) arrangement of the phosphane ligands. For the latter two, classical trihydride (I) and nonclassical hydride/dihydrogen (II) geometries have been considered 1 and 2 prefer coordination mode II, whereas 3 favours coordination mode I. This trend is explained by relativistic effects. For Fe and Os, the C and T type structures are preferred over a P geometry. for Ru, the C and P structures are close in energy, and the T arrangement represents the highest energy isomer.
New Borylene Complexes of the Type [μ‐BX{.5‐C5H4Me)MN(CO)2}2]: Substitution Reactions at the Metal‐Coordinated Borylene Moiety
Authors: Braunschweig Holget , Müller Matthias 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe reaction of the air‐ and water‐stable borylene complex [μ‐BNMe2{.5‐C5H4Me)Mn(CO)2}2] (1a) with a solution of Hcl in Et2O affords the correspondin chloroborylene complex [μ‐Chloroborylenebis{dicarbonyl(.5‐methylcyclopentadienyl)manganese}(Mn–Mn)] (2). This compound easily undergoes further substitution reactions with protic reagents such as primary amines, alcohols and water at the metal coordinated borylene moiety with elimination of HCl, giving new products of the type [μ‐BX{.4‐C5H4ME)Mn(CO)2}2] (3a, ab: X=NHtBu, NHPh; 4a, b: × = OMe, OEt; 5: X= Oh}. All borylene complexes were isolated as crystalline solids in good yield and characterized by multinuclear NMR methods and IR spectroscopy in solution. In addition, the structure of 4b in the crystalline state was determined by a single‐crystal X‐ray study.
Palladium — Catalyzed Reactions, 1 Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrophenylation and Hydrohetarylation of Bicyclo[2.2.1]Hept‐2‐ene: Influence of the Chiral Ligand, the Leaving Group, and the Solvent
Authors: Namyslo Jan Christoph , Kaufmann Dieter E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe use of optically active biaryl bisphosphanes 10–12, a diphenylphosphanylphenyloxazoline 8, and a (β‐N‐sulfonyl‐aminomethyl)bisdiphenylphosphane 7 as ligands in the Pd‐catalyzed Heck‐type hydroarylation of norbornene (1) with phenyl 2 and various hetaryl derivaties 3–5 leads exclusively to the formation of exo‐2(het)arylnorbornanes 6 with asymmetric inductions of up to 86.4% ee. In addition to an investigation into the effects of different chiral ligands, a systematic study has been made of the influence of various (het)aryl compounds, leaving groups, and solvents on the chemical and optical yields of this reductive arylation.
Nanoscale Metal Coordination Macrocycles Fabricated by Using “Dimeric” Dipyrrins
Authors: Maeda Hiromitsu , Hashimoto Takashi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractCovalently linked dipyrrin (dipyrromethene) dimers have afforded nanoscale [2+2]‐type neutral coordination macrocycles with a diagonal of about 1.6 nm. Two moieties of the achiral dipyrrin–ZnII complex yield the chiral coordination macrocycles as minor species, as well as major meso stereoisomers by the covalent linkages. Tetrahedral ZnII coordination by using acyclic ligands enables the dipyrrin–metal complex units to readily rotate and pass through the cavity of the nanorings in order to reveal the transitions between the chiral and achiral isomers.
ST‐segment elevation in lead aVR greater than that in lead V1, secondary to diffuse myocardial ischemia from prolonged hypotension
Authors: Habibzadeh, Mohammad Reza , Ewy, Gordon A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe prediction of significant left main or diffuse three‐vessel coronary artery disease is crucial in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome. ST‐segment elevation in aVR has been reported to be associated with left main coronary artery obstruction or severe diffuse coronary artery disease in acute coronary syndrome. Herein we report another cause for this ECG finding, that is diffuse ischemia not due to left main coronary artery obstruction or diffuse coronary artery disease but secondary to prolonged hypotension. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Derivation of a mouse model for conditional inactivation of Pax9
Authors: Kist Ralf , Greally Elizabeth , Peters Heiko 
Published: July 2007

AbstractPax9 is required for the formation of a variety of organs during mouse development. The function of Pax9 at postnatal stages is unknown since homozygosity of the null allele (Pax9lacZ) causes neonatal lethality. Recently, we have generated a hypomorphic Pax9 allele, Pax9neo, which contains a removable neomycin resistance cassette (neo) and loxP sites flanking the first two exons of Pax9. Here we show that FLP‐mediated in vivo excision of neo generates phenotypically normal Pax9flox mice. Crossing Pax9flox mice to PGK‐Cre mice leads to efficient recombination of loxP sites and neonatal lethality in the resulting Pax9del/del offspring. Inactivation of Pax9 using Wnt1‐Cre mice causes cleft secondary palate and tooth agenesis and reveals that the Pax9 expressing mesenchymal cells of the nose, palate, and teeth are derived from neural crest cells. The conditional Pax9 allele will be a valuable tool to study Pax9 function in specific tissues of adult mice. genesis 45:460–464, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Readiness for change and short‐term outcomes of female adolescents in residential treatment for anorexia nervosa
Authors: McHugh Matthew D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:To determine if readiness for change (RFC) at admission predicted length of stay (LOS) and short‐term outcomes among female adolescents in residential treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN).Method:Using a prospective cohort design to collect data from participants (N = 65) at admission and discharge, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression tested whether RFC on admission predicted time in LOS to a favorable short‐term outcome—a composite endpoint based on minimum criteria for weight gain, drive for thinness, depression, anxiety, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).Results:Participants with low RFC had a mean survival time to a favorable short‐term outcome of 59.4 days compared to 34.1 days for those with high RFC (log rank = 8.44, df = 1, p = .003). The probability of a favorable short‐term outcome was 5.30 times greater for participants with high RFC.Conclusion:Readiness for change is a useful predictor of a favorable short‐term outcome and should be considered in the assessment profile of patients with AN. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
I know what you did last summer (and it was not CBT): A factor analytic model of international psychotherapeutic practice in the eating disorders
Authors: Tobin David L. , Banker Judith D. , Weisberg Laura , Bowers Wayne 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:Although several studies have shown that eating disorders clinicians do not generally use treatment manuals, findings regarding what they do use have typically been vague, or closely linked to a particular theoretical approach. Our goal was to identify what eating disorder clinicians do with their patients in a more theoretically neutral context. We also sought to describe an empirically defined approach to psychotherapeutic practice as defined by clinicians via factor analysis.Method:A survey developed for this study was administered to 265 clinicians recruited online and at regional and international meetings for eating disorders professionals.Results:Only 6% of respondents reported they adhered closely to treatment manuals and 98% of the respondents indicated they used both behavioral and dynamically informed interventions. Factor analysis of clinicians' use of 32 therapeutic strategies suggested seven dimensions: Psychodynamic Interventions, Coping Skills Training, Family History, CBT, Contracts, Therapist Disclosure, and Patient Feelings.Conclusion:The findings of this study suggest that most clinicians use a wide array of eating disorder treatment interventions drawn from empirically supported treatments, such as CBT‐BN, and from treatments that have no randomized controlled trial support. Factor analysis suggested theoretically linked dimensions of treatment, but also dimensions that are common across models. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Poor social comparison and the tendency to submissive behavior in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Connan Frances , Troop Nick , Landau Sabine , Campbell Iain C. , Treasure Janet 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to confirm an association between low social rank (SR) and anorexia nervosa (AN), and to test the hypotheses that low SR is (a) present after recovery from the illness, (b) mediates an association between increased childhood interpersonal adversity (CIA) and AN.Method:Participants were 18 women with active AN, 13 recovered women, and 16 healthy controls. General and specific psychopathology, childhood adversity, and indices of SR were assessed using self‐report measures.Results:Low SR was observed in both the active and the recovered AN groups and was a significant mediator in the relationship between CIA and AN status.Conclusion:CIA may contribute to the risk of developing AN via its impact on the development of low SR. The latter may be a shared risk factor for AN and affective disorder, and could be a useful therapeutic target. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2007
Uronic Acids in Oligosaccharide Synthesis
Authors: van den Bos Leendert J. , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Litjens Remy E. J. N. , Dinkelaar Jasper , Overkleeft Herman S. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis Microreview covers some general strategies for the preparation of uronic acid residues and their incorporation into anionically charged oligosaccharides. Two distinct strategies can be recognized: (1) glycosylation followed by oxidation, and (2) oxidation of the monosaccharide building blocks followed by glycosylation. Examples of both strategies are discussed, with a focus on the advantages and disadvantages of the respective strategies. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
A Two‐Step, Three‐Component Queuing Cascade Leading to Dihydrobenzoxepine and Dihydrobenzazepine Derivatives
Authors: Yucel Baris , Valentić Nataša , Noltemeyer Mathias , de Meijere Armin 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed reaction of methylenespiropentane (11) with iodobenzene (12) under typical Heck conditions [Pd(OAc)2, PPh3, Et3N, DMF] produced a mixture of the unstable [3]dendralene 13 and allylidenecyclopropane 14 in 38 % yield. When an analogous reaction with iodobenzene was carried out in the presence of morpholine (25) and of tris(2‐furyl)phosphane (TFP) instead of triphenylphosphane, the dienes 26, 28 and 31 were generated by nucleophilic trapping of π‐allylpalladium intermediates 30 and 32. The cross coupling of methylenespiropentane (11) with the functionalized aryl iodides 33a–g in the presence of a palladium precatalyst [Pd(OAc)2, TFP, Et3N, DMF] at 80 °C, 3 h, provided the seven‐membered 3,4‐dimethylene‐substituted heterocycles 34a–g and 35b which, upon addition of dimethyl fumarate (19), underwent Diels–Alder reactions to furnish bicyclic and higher oligocyclic dihydrobenzoxepine and‐benzazepine derivatives 36a–g and 37b, yet in rather moderate yields of 18–29 % only. The overall process constitutes a one‐pot, two‐step, three‐component queuing cascade.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
Evaluation of carbon nanostructures as chiral selectors for direct enantiomeric separation of ephedrines by EKC
Authors: Moliner‐Martínez Yolanda , Cárdenas Soledad , Valcárcel Miguel 
Published: July 2007

AbstractSingle‐walled nanotubes and multi‐walled nanotubes (MWNTs) have been evaluated as chiral selectors for the enantiomeric separation of ephedrines by using EKC with surfactant‐coated carbon nanotubes. The analysed compounds were (±)‐ephedrine, (±)‐norephedrine and (±)‐N‐methylephedrine. The potential of those carbon nanostructures as chiral selectors has been evaluated by changing different experimental variables such as pH, addition of organic modifiers, potential and injection time. The capability of MWNTs to resolve enantiomeric mixtures was demonstrated by using partial filling of the capillary with concentrated surfactant‐coated MWNTs. Differences in the enantioselectivity were discussed.
Synthesis and NMR characterization of β‐alanine‐bridged hemispherodextrin, a very efficient chiral selector in EKC
Authors: Cucinotta Vincenzo , Giuffrida Alessandro , Maccarrone Giuseppe , Messina Marianna , Puglisi Antonino , Vecchio Graziella 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA capped derivative of β‐CD (THALAH) was synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy at different pH values. A trehalose moiety, bonded through β‐alanine bridges to the CD cavity, is included in the capping unit, giving peculiar properties to this molecule. The hemispherodextrin thus obtained was tested as a chiral selector in EKC. At neutral pH, the monocationic species of THALAH behaves as a very efficient selector separating successfully all the 11 tested enantiomeric pairs of dansyl‐derivatives of amino acids, some of them even at concentrations as low as 0.15 mM. The differences observed in the migration order among the different systems give suggestions about the mechanism of molecular recognition between the selector and the analytes.
Wood storage in three mountain streams of the Southern Andes and its hydro‐morphological effects
Authors: Comiti Francesco , Andreoli Andrea , Mao Luca , Lenzi Mario Aristide 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis study analyses large wood (LW) storage and the associated effects on channel morphology and flow hydraulics in three third‐order mountain basins (drainage area 9–12 km2) covered in old‐growth Nothofagus forests, ranging from the temperate warm Chilean Andean Cordillera to the sub‐Antarctic Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Amount, characteristics and dimensions of large wood (>10 cm diameter, >1 m long) were recorded, as well as their effects on stream morphology, hydraulics and sediment storage. Results show that major differences in LW abundance exist even between adjacent basins, as a result of different disturbance histories and basin dissection. Massive LW volumes (i.e. >1000 m3 ha−1) can be reached in basins disturbed by fires followed by mass movements and debris flows. Potential energy dissipation resulting from wood dams is about a quarter of the total elevation drop in two streams, with a gross sediment volume stored behind wood dams of around 1000 m3 km−1, which appears to be of the same order as the annual sediment yield. Finally, the presence of wood dams may increase flow resistance by up to one order of magnitude. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Forest age, wood and nutrient dynamics in headwater streams of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH
Authors: Warren Dana R. , Bernhardt Emily S. , Hall Robert O. , Likens Gene E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractInstream processing may substantially alter nutrient export from forested watersheds. This study tested how instream uptake of N and P were affected by successional differences in the accumulation of large wood and debris dams in a 66‐year chronosequence formed by five watersheds within the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), NH. Nutrient enrichment releases in summer 1998 were used to measure the uptake velocities of phosphate, nitrate and ammonium for five streams within HBEF, and results indicated that uptake of PO43− was closely associated with forest age. In 2004, we quantified volume and abundance of large wood in each stream to test whether large wood abundance could be linked to nitrate uptake as well as phosphate. The volume of instream wood increased with forest age, at an apparent rate of 0·03 m3 (100 m)−1 per year for these early to mid‐successional forests (r2 = 0.95); however, debris dam frequency did not. Instead, debris dam frequency, when controlled for stream size, followed a U‐shaped distribution, with high dam frequency in very young forests, low frequency in forests around 20–30 years of age and increasing dam frequency again as forests matured. Phosphate uptake velocity increased strongly with both forest age and large wood volume (r2 = 0·99; p < 0·001 in both cases); however, nitrate and ammonium uptake were not related to either factor. We attribute the positive relationship between phosphate uptake velocity and forest age/large wood volume to increased abiotic adsorption of phosphate by the inorganic sediments retained by wood. Nitrogen uptake in these streams is primarily biologically driven and did not vary predictably with these structural features of channels. We expect wood abundance to increase in HBEF streams as the forest matures, with a subsequent increase in stream phosphate uptake capacity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geomorphic changes upstream of beaver dams in Bridge Creek, an incised stream channel in the interior Columbia River basin, eastern Oregon
Authors: Pollock Michael M. , Beechie Timothy J. , Jordan Chris E. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractChannel incision is a widespread phenomenon throughout the dry interior Columbia River basin and other semi‐arid regions of the world, which degrades stream habitat by fundamentally altering natural ecological, geomorphological and hydrological processes. We examined the extent of localized aggradation behind beaver dams on an incised stream in the interior Columbia River basin to assess the potential for using beaver, Castor canadensis, dams to restore such channels, and the effect of the aggradation on riparian habitat. We estimated aggradation rates behind 13 beaver dams between 1 and 6 years old on Bridge Creek, a tributary to the John Day River in eastern Oregon. Vertical aggradation rates are initially rapid, as high as 0·47 m yr−1, as the entrenched channel fills, then level off to 0·075 m yr−1 by year six, as the sediment begins accumulating on adjacent terraces. We found that a 0·5 m elevation contour above the stream channel approximately coincided with the extent of new riparian vegetation establishment. Therefore, we compared the area surrounding reaches upstream of beaver dams that were within 0·5 m elevation of the stream channel with adjacent reaches where no dams existed. We found that there was five times more area within 0·5 m elevation of the channel upstream of beaver dams, presumably because sediment accumulation had aggraded the channel. Our results suggest that restoration strategies that encourage the recolonization of streams by beaver can rapidly expand riparian habitat along incised streams. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictive power and unbiasedness of implied forward charter rates
Authors: Alizadeh Amir H. , Ådland Roar Os , Koekebakker Steen 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis paper examines the efficiency and predictive power of implied forward shipping charter rates. In particular, we examine whether implied forward 6‐month time‐charter rates, which are derived through the difference between time‐charters with different maturities based on the term structure model, are efficient and unbiased predictors of actual future time‐charter rates. Using a dataset for the period January 1989 to June 2003, results of different statistical tests, including the cointegration approach, suggest that implied forward rates are in fact unbiased predictors of future time‐charter rates in the dry bulk freight market. In addition, it is found that implied forward rates yield superior forecasts compared to alternative univariate and multivariate time series models. However, while the unbiasedness hypothesis is found to hold, on average, we find that chartering strategies based on simple trend‐following trading rules in this cyclical market are able to generate economic profits even out‐of‐sample. This highlights how standard tests for unbiasedness do not always capture cyclical predictable components in the market behaviour.  Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.