bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electro‐Conductive Ti3C2 MXene Multilayered Membranes: Dye Removal and Antifouling Performance
Authors: Zandi Zahra , Rastgar Masoud , Mohseni Mojtaba , Firouzjaei Mostafa Dadashi , Dilokekunakul Waralee , Anasori Babak , Vecitis Chad D. , Keller Robert , Wessling Matthias , Elliott Mark , Rahimpour Ahmad , Sadrzadeh Mohtada 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis work describes the fabrication of a novel electroconductive membrane made of Ti3C2Tx (MXene) nanosheet coating through a one‐step pressure‐assisted technique. Ti3C2‐MXene is firmly attached over a polyamide–imide (PAI) microfilter by employing a binder composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/glutaraldehyde (GA). Through coating a proper amount of multilayer Ti3C2‐MXene, the electrical conductivity of 174 ± 0.16 S m−1 is achieved. The rejection rates of reactive red 120 (RR120), reactive black (RB), and methyl orange (MO) by the pristine PAI membrane are 45.2%, 40.81%, and 33.65%, respectively. However, rejection rates significantly improve with the Ti3C2 MXene coating to over 99.71%, 97.95%, and 68.91% for RR120, RB, and MO. Applying a 4 V cathodic potential resulted in a flux recovery ratio (FRR) of 99.83% and a flux decline rate (FDR) of less than 1% during humic acid (HA) filtration. Without applying voltage, the MXene‐coated membrane shows an FRR and FDR of 92.51% and 45.56%, respectively. Surface energy analysis reveals strong repulsive interactions between foulants and the membrane surface. Moreover, the surface free energy indicates that foulants such as sodium alginate (SA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) exhibit stronger adhesion to the membrane than HA, consistent with the fouling experiment results.
STING Membrane Prevents Post‐Surgery Tissue Adhesion and Tumor Recurrence of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Li Jianlin , Yu Haiwang , Kang Yan , Niu Kun , Wang Ming , Jiang Yitong , Jiang Ni , Ding Zhenshan , Gan Zhihua , Yu Qingsong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSurgery is the standard treatment regimen for resectable colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is very hard to completely remove all cancer cells in clinical practice, leading to the high recurrence rates of the disease. Moreover, the post‐surgery tissue adhesion greatly prevents the possibility of reoperation, significantly limiting the long‐term surviving of CRC patients. To overcome CRC recurrence and avoid the post‐surgery tissue adhesion, this work develops a novel stimulator of interferon genes “STING” membrane based on the coaxial electrospinning technology and hyaluronic acid modification. A reactive oxygen species responsive prodrug of gambogic acid (GB) and a potent STING agonist (CDN) are coloaded in the core–shell structure of the membrane, which endows the loaded drug with sustained and sequential release patterns. The localized delivery of GB and CDN can selectively induce efficient immunogenic cell death of cancer cells and then evoke the systemic anticancer immunity by activating the Cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) synthase/STING pathway. As‐designed “STING” membrane not only safely prevents tumor recurrence through the synergistic chemoimmunotherapy but also efficiently avoids the post‐surgery tissue adhesion, facilitating the clinical intervention of CRC.
Advanced Dielectric Materials for Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Principles, Methods, and Applications
Authors: Li Yi , Luo Yi , Deng Haocheng , Shi Shengyao , Tian Shuangshuang , Wu Haoying , Tang Ju , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Xiaoxing , Zha Jun‐Wei , Xiao Song 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) manifests distinct advantages such as multiple structural selectivity, diverse selection of materials, environmental adaptability, low cost, and remarkable conversion efficiency, which becomes a promising technology for micro‐nano energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing. Tribo‐dielectric materials are the fundamental and core components for high‐performance TENGs. In particular, the charge generation, dissipation, storage, migration of the dielectrics, and dynamic equilibrium behaviors determine the overall performance. Herein, a comprehensive summary is presented to elucidate the dielectric charge transport mechanism and tribo‐dielectric material modification principle toward high‐performance TENGs. The contact electrification and charge transport mechanism of dielectric materials is started first, followed by introducing the basic principle and dielectric materials of TENGs. Subsequently, modification mechanisms and strategies for high‐performance tribo‐dielectric materials are highlighted regarding physical/chemical, surface/bulk, dielectric coupling, and structure optimization. Furthermore, representative applications of dielectric materials based TENGs as power sources, self‐powered sensors are demonstrated. The existing challenges and promising potential opportunities for advanced tribo‐dielectric materials are outlined, guiding the design, fabrication, and applications of tribo‐dielectric materials.
Laser‐Synthesized Germanium Nanoparticles as Biodegradable Material for Near‐Infrared Photoacoustic Imaging and Cancer Phototherapy
Authors: Belyaev Iaroslav B. , Zelepukin Ivan V. , Kotelnikova Polina A. , Tikhonowski Gleb V. , Popov Anton A. , Kapitannikova Alina Yu. , Barman Jugal , Kopylov Alexey N. , Bratashov Daniil N. , Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina S. , Kabashin Andrei V. , Deyev Sergey M. , Zvyagin Andrei V. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiodegradable nanomaterials can significantly improve the safety profile of nanomedicine. Germanium nanoparticles (Ge NPs) with a safe biodegradation pathway are developed as efficient photothermal converters for biomedical applications. Ge NPs synthesized by femtosecond‐laser ablation in liquids rapidly dissolve in physiological‐like environment through the oxidation mechanism. The biodegradation of Ge nanoparticles is preserved in tumor cells in vitro and in normal tissues in mice with a half‐life as short as 3.5 days. Biocompatibility of Ge NPs is confirmed in vivo by hematological, biochemical, and histological analyses. Strong optical absorption of Ge in the near‐infrared spectral range enables photothermal treatment of engrafted tumors in vivo, following intravenous injection of Ge NPs. The photothermal therapy results in a 3.9‐fold reduction of the EMT6/P adenocarcinoma tumor growth with significant prolongation of the mice survival. Excellent mass‐extinction of Ge NPs (7.9 L g−1 cm−1 at 808 nm) enables photoacoustic imaging of bones and tumors, following intravenous and intratumoral administrations of the nanomaterial. As such, strongly absorbing near‐infrared‐light biodegradable Ge nanomaterial holds promise for advanced theranostics.
Decline in pubertal timing and its relationship with excess weight. A study of the secular trend in age at menarche in girls from La Plata district (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Torres María Fernanda , Garraza Mariela , Quintero Fabián Aníbal , Luna María Eugenia , Navazo Bárbara , Cesani María Florencia 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo provide information on the secular trend in age at menarche (AgM) in Argentinean girls in relation to excess weight (EW) and body adiposity.MethodsTwo cohorts (C) (C1, 2005–2007 and C2, 2015–2019) of children aged 8–14 years from La Plata district were studied using identical methodological criteria. Each participating child was asked about menarche (M) status: M presence (MP) or absence (MA). The AgM was estimated using the status quo method and logistic regression analysis. Body weight, height, and tricipital and subscapular skinfolds were collected to estimate EW (overweight + obesity) according to WHO criteria, and body adiposity (sum of skinfolds, SSK = [tricipital + subscapular]). The prevalence of EW by C was estimated and compared using the Chi‐square test. The MP probability in relation to age, C, and EW was analyzed by applying logistic regression. Parents completed a questionnaire to assess family socioeconomic conditions. Data were compared using the Chi‐square test.ResultsDifferences in MP prevalence between C were significant (C1: 21.1% vs. C2: 28.7%). Median AgM was 12.81 years in C1 and 12.22 in C2. The prevalence of EW was higher in C2 (35.3%) than in C1 (24.6%). The probability of MP was higher in C2 than in C1 and children with EW. Both BMI and SSK showed inter‐cohort increases. Socioeconomic conditions were substantially deteriorated between C.ConclusionIn an obesogenic context marked by the significant increase in body adiposity and EW, M prevalence exhibited a positive secular trend and AgM reduced by nearly seven months between the cohorts studied.
Intrinsic RNA Targeting Triggers Indiscriminate DNase Activity of CRISPR‐Cas12a
Authors: Zhang Jiongyu , Li Ziyue , Guo Chong , Guan Xin , Avery Lori , Banach David , Liu Changchun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe CRISPR‐Cas12a system has emerged as a powerful tool for next‐generation nucleic acid‐based molecular diagnostics. However, it has long been believed to be effective only on DNA targets. Here, we investigate the intrinsic RNA‐enabled trans‐cleavage activity of AsCas12a and LbCas12a and discover that they can be directly activated by full‐size RNA targets, although LbCas12a exhibits weaker trans‐cleavage activity than AsCas12a on both single‐stranded DNA and RNA substrates. Remarkably, we find that the RNA‐activated Cas12a possesses higher specificity in recognizing mutated target sequences compared to DNA activation. Based on these findings, we develop the “Universal Nuclease for Identification of Virus Empowered by RNA‐Sensing” (UNIVERSE) assay for nucleic acid testing. We incorporate a T7 transcription step into this assay, thereby eliminating the requirement for a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence in the target. Additionally, we successfully detect multiple PAM‐less targets in HIV clinical samples that are undetectable by the conventional Cas12a assay based on double‐stranded DNA activation, demonstrating unrestricted target selection with the UNIVERSE assay. We further validate the clinical utility of the UNIVERSE assay by testing both HIV RNA and HPV 16 DNA in clinical samples. We envision that the intrinsic RNA targeting capability may bring a paradigm shift in Cas12a‐based nucleic acid detection and further enhance the understanding of CRISPR‐Cas biochemistry.
Modulation der Steifigkeit und Pulsierende Freisetzung in Dual‐Responsiven Hydrogelen
Authors: Jain Mehak , Trapani Giuseppe , Trappmann Britta , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNach dem Vorbild der Natur kann Selbstregulierung synthetischer Hydrogele durch chemomechanische Signale oder chemische Reaktionsnetzwerke eingebaut werden, um die physikochemischen Eigenschaften des Materials aufrecht zu erhalten oder anzupassen, wenn sie externen Stimuli ausgesetzt werden. In dieser Arbeit stellen wir Hydrogele vor, welche auf Redox‐ und Lichtstimuli reagieren und in der Lage sind, das polymere Netzwerk schnell zu verändern und gleichzeitig die Stabilität des Hydrogels zu erhalten. Bei Bestrahlung mit UV‐Licht zeigen die Polymerhydrogele, welche redoxresponsiv über Disulfide quervernetzt sind und lichtresponsive ortho‐Nitrobenzyleinheiten tragen, eine Freisetzung ihrer Ladung mit gleichzeitiger Anpassung des Hydrogelnetzwerks zu höherer Steifigkeit aufgrund der in situ Vernetzung durch S‐Nitrosylierung. Während das Hydrogeldesign es ermöglicht, dass das Netzwerk entweder in Gegenwart des Reduktionsmittels Glutathion weicher oder bei UV‐Bestrahlung steifer wird, führt die gleichzeitige Anwendung beider Stimuli zu einer Selbstregulierung des Netzwerks, was zu einer pulsierenden Freisetzung der Ladung der Hydrogele führt. Schließlich wurde die adaptive Steifigkeit genutzt, um einstellbare Hydrogele als Substrate für verschiedene Zelllinien herzustellen.
Dividing‐wall column for separating wide boiling mixture: Optimal design and servo control strategy
Authors: Aurangzeb Md , Banerjee Sudip , Roy Subhankar , Tejasvi Ravi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe dividing‐wall column (DWC) stands as an energy‐efficient distillation technology designed to efficiently separate ternary systems into their pure components within a single column. Despite its efficiency, integrating two towers into a DWC poses challenges in controllability. Published studies have focused on developing controllers for disturbance rejection but have not addressed the issue of servo control. Addressing this, our study proposes a servo controller problem and a methodical approach to strategically select controlled variables that undergo consecutive set point step changes, aiming to track the purity of key products obtained from the DWC. To achieve this goal, we developed a dynamic model specifically tailored to the DWC. Determining the design parameters involved employing a genetic algorithm optimization technique, minimizing the total annual cost. Subsequently, we implemented three servo parallel proportional‐integral (PI) feedback controllers for three distinct product streams. The fine‐tuning of their controller gain and reset time is carried out by minimizing the integrated square error while adhering to valve opening constraints. Our investigation revealed a limitation: the introduction of simultaneous step changes in all three controlled variables proved unfeasible with the three active PI controllers. As an alternative, our findings recommend prioritizing two variables: the lightest (distillate) and heaviest (bottom) key components, alongside the middle component (side stream) and either the lightest or heaviest key component. This research underscores the complexities of implementing step changes in multiple controlled variables within a DWC, offering insights into optimal control strategies for enhancing the efficiency of this innovative distillation technology.
Inspired anatomy education: Might God be relevant?
Authors: Sullivan Sean P. , Barnes Jonathan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAnatomy education is essential for developing healthcare professionals, and discussion continues about factors that impact and improve the anatomy learning environment. Neglected in this discussion is a consideration of the diverse religious assumptions and beliefs that college students bring to anatomy learning. Surveys of religion among United States college students indicate that many identify as religious and Christian. This viewpoint commentary summarizes main elements of Christian theology and anthropology, discusses the holistic and positive view of the body presented in Christian scripture, and outlines how these Christian beliefs inform and impact student preparation for anatomy education and human body dissection, address ethical issues in body donation, and support professionalism for future career practice.
Light Responsive DNA Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Aqib Raja Muhammad , Umer Arsalan , Li Jialin , Liu Jianbing , Ding Baoquan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDNA nanomaterials have been widely employed for various biomedical applications. With rapid development of chemical modification of nucleic acid, serials of stimuli‐responsive elements are included in the multifunctional DNA nanomaterials. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in light responsive DNA nanomaterials based on photocleavage/photodecage, photoisomerization, and photocrosslinking for efficient bioimaging (including imaging of small molecule, microRNA, and protein) and drug delivery (including delivery of small molecule, nucleic acid, and gene editing system). We also discuss the remaining challenges and future perspectives of the light responsive DNA nanomaterials in biomedical applications.
The effect of thyme essential oil and endothelial progenitor stem cells on lipopolysaccharide‐induced sepsis in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Soltan Dallal Mohammad Mehdi , Siavashi Maryam , Karimaei Samira , Siavashi Vahid , Abdi Milad , Yaseri Mehdi , Razavi Seyed Alireza , Bakhtiari Ronak 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSepsis is a potentially fatal syndrome related to severe systemic inflammation developed by infection. Despite different antimicrobial therapies, morbidity and mortality rates remain high. Herbs along with cell therapy have been introduced as a promising option to improve the symptoms of sepsis. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of simultaneous administration of thyme essential oil (TEO) and endothelial progenitor stem cells (EPCs) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced sepsis in C57BL/6 mice. Sepsis was induced in C57Bl/6J mice by intraperitoneal injection of LPS, followed 2 h later by an intravenous injection of EPCs or oral administration of TEO or simultaneous administration of TEO and EPCs. After 10 days, the complete blood cell, renal and liver factors, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, and angiogenic factors were measured. Simultaneous treatment with EPCs and TEO significantly increased the survival of mice with sepsis and modulated the inflammatory response by reducing the serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, this treatment significantly reduced the level of white blood cells and neutrophils and increased the number of red blood cells, the percentage of hematocrit, and hemoglobin. The combination of TEO with EPCs decreased organ injuries and was assessed by lower levels of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase compared to the sepsis group. Administration of EPCs and TEO also significantly improved angiogenic factors, lung function, and toll‐like receptor 4 expression. EPCs in combination with TEO increase survival in the LPS‐induced sepsis mice model by acting on several targets. Thus, the combination of TEO with EPCs can be a feasible approach for the future clinical treatment and control of sepsis.
Stereotypes and unconscious bias in institutional child sexual abuse: Barriers to identification, reporting and prevention
Authors: Arnold Suzanne , Jeglic Elizabeth L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChild sexual abuse within institutional settings has been a major concern for governments around the world for many years. Consequently, prevention policies have been developed, and institutional child abuse laws have been strengthened in many jurisdictions. Legislation is important to prevent reoffending, however, the majority of childhood sexual abuse remains unreported and undetected. While awareness of the failings of institutions to properly identify and respond to child abuse has grown in recent years, barriers to reporting institutional abuse remain understudied, impacting the ability to prevent abuse. One possible reason that prevents workers from identifying and reporting child sexual abuse is that their judgements are vulnerable to stereotypes and unconscious biases about who perpetrates and is victimised by sexual crimes and what constitutes warning signs of sexually abusive behaviours. Research in psychology provides key insights into human reasoning processes that can lead to bias, so workers fail to identify, respond and prevent grooming and child abuse in an organisational context. This paper reviews what is known about the development and maintenance of stereotypes and unconscious bias, their role in institutional sexual abuse, and concludes with a discussion of measures that can be taken to mitigate unconscious bias to prevent child abuse.
Sudden onset of symptoms in concurrent Takayasu arteritis and Ulcerative colitis: A case report with neurological complications
Authors: Khalaji Amirreza , Mahdian Taha , Eftekharsadat Amir Taher , Jafarpour Mehdi 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe rare co‐occurrence of takayasu arteritis (TAK) and ulcerative colitis (UC), presenting with asymptomatic onset and neurological complications, highlights the importance of an integrated diagnostic approach for overlapping autoimmune conditions.AbstractWe present a rare case of a 44‐year‐old female diagnosed with both UC and TAK, characterized by an unusual acute asymptomatic onset accompanied by neurological manifestations. The patient exhibited symptoms of acute ischemic stroke along with vascular abnormalities, as well as colon inflammation associated with UC. The patient's asymptomatic presentation at the onset differs from previously reported cases. The presence of additional complications, such as hepatocellular adenoma and primary sclerosing cholangitis, further complicated the diagnostic challenges. The patient's treatment involved a combination of methylprednisolone, azathioprine, and prednisolone leading to improved clinical outcomes. This case emphasizes the complexity involved in diagnosing overlapping conditions and highlights the significance of TAK in presenting atypical manifestations in relation to UC. Furthermore, this case contributes to the limited literature, underscoring the need for early detection and comprehensive treatment approaches.
Asymptomatic paroxysmal ventricular standstill in an elderly male following revascularization of multivessel coronary disease: A case report and literature review
Authors: Sagalov Andrew , Maryala Shashi , Kulkarni Abhishek , Hegde Shruti , Labedi Mohamed 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageVentricular standstill is a dangerous arrhythmia that requires prompt diagnosis and intervention, especially in patients with structural heart disease. Clinicians should recognize ventricular standstill as a complication of cardiac revascularization and be cognizant of asymptomatic cases necessitating intervention. Early evaluation to facilitate pacemaker implantation portends good outcomes in this patient subgroup.
Abdominal migraine with acute watery diarrhea and dehydration: Successful treatment with Valproic acid in a pediatric case
Authors: Amin Mohammad Ashraful , Manna Ridwana Maher , Nahin Sabrina , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageAbdominal migraine (AM) is a prevalent pediatric condition that rarely affects adults. Multiple diagnostic criteria have been established, but in general, AM is characterized by unprovoked episodes of acute central abdominal pain with migrainous characteristics and periods of respite. Recurrent stomach pain is a prevalent symptom globally, with a significant portion of cases falling under the category of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) due to the absence of identified biological causes. There is a notable prevalence of migraines among individuals with a family history of the condition, indicating a genetic predisposition. A descriptive report has been prepared on the participant who had AM associated with acute watery diarrhea (AWD) on January 2023. The patient's parents had given written informed consent for publishing this case report. In this case report, we present the clinical scenario of a 12‐year‐old male child who experienced AM symptoms alongside a history of absence seizures. The child presented with episodes of abdominal pain and AWD. Despite extensive investigation and treatment, there was no improvement in abdominal pain. However, after 1 week of oral valproic acid administration, the patient remained symptom‐free during the follow‐up period. Dehydration, along with other factors, has been identified as a triggering factor for AM. Acute watery diarrhea has the potential to disrupt the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal system, and dehydration may lead to subsequent abdominal symptoms.
Confinement Effects in Catalysis: Steering the Product Selectivity in Cannabidiol Isomerization by the Resorcinarene Supramolecular Capsule
Authors: Bordignon Francesca , Calmanti Roberto , Perosa Alvise , Fabris Fabrizio , Scarso Alessandro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe supramolecular hydrogen‐bonded self‐assembled resorcinarene hexameric capsule promotes the ring closing isomerization of cannabidiol through encapsulation of the intermediate carbocation species formed by protonation with HCl. The confinement effect imparted by the capsule steers product selectivity towards the uncommon products Δ8‐iso‐THC, Δ4(8)‐iso‐THC, together with the hydrated 8‐Hydroxy‐iso‐THC.