bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Generation of Metal String Complexes: Structure, Magnetism, Spectroscopy, Theoretical Analysis, and Single Molecular Conductance of an Unusual Mixed‐Valence Linear [Ni5]8+ Complex
Authors: Liu Isiah Po‐Chun , Bénard Marc , Hasanov Hasan , Chen I‐Wen Peter , Tseng Wei‐Hsiang , Fu Ming‐Dung , Rohmer Marie‐Madeleine , Chen Chun‐hsien , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Peng Shie‐Ming 
Published: September 2007

AbstractTwo new linear pentanickel complexes [Ni5(bna)4(Cl)2][PF6]2 (1) and [Ni5(bna)4(Cl)2][PF6]4 (2; bna=binaphthyridylamide), were synthesized and structurally characterized. A derivative of 1, [Ni5(bna)4(NCS)2][NCS]2 (3), was also isolated for the purpose of the conductance experiments carried out in comparison with [Ni5(tpda)4(NCS)2] (4; tpda=tripyridyldiamide). The metal framework of complex 2 is a standard [Ni5]10+ core, isoelectronic with that of [Ni5(tpda)4Cl2] (5). Also as in 5, complex 2 has an antiferromagnetic ground state (J=−15.86 cm−1) resulting from a coupling between the terminal nickel atoms, both in high‐spin sate (S=1). Complex 1 displays the first characterized linear nickel framework in which the usual sequence of NiII atoms has been reduced by two electrons. Each dinickel unit attached to the naphthyridyl moieties is assumed to undergo a one‐electron reduction, whereas the central nickel formally remains NiII. DFT calculations suggest that the metal framework of the mixed‐valence complex 1 should be described as intermediate between a localized picture corresponding to NiII‐NiI‐NiII‐NiI‐NiII and a fully delocalized model represented as (Ni2)3+‐NiII‐(Ni2)3+. Assuming the latter model, the ground state of 1 results from an antiferromagnetic coupling (J=−34.03 cm−1) between the two (Ni2)3+ fragments, considered each as a single magnetic centre (S=3/2). An intervalence charge‐transfer band is observed in the NIR spectrum of 1 at 1186 nm, suggesting, in accordance with DFT calculations, that 1 should be assigned to Robin–Day class II of mixed‐valent complexes. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) methodology was used to assess the conductance of single molecules of 3 and 4. Compound 3 was found ≈40 % more conductive than 4, a result that could be assigned to the electron mobility induced by mixed‐valency in the naphthyridyl fragments.
Supramolecular Circular Helicates Formed by Destabilisation of Supramolecular Dimers
Authors: Hamblin Jacqueline , Tuna Floriana , Bunce Siona , Childs Laura J. , Jackson Alexander , Errington William , Alcock Nathaniel W. , Nierengarten Helene , Van Dorsselaer Alain , Leize‐Wagner Emmanuelle , Hannon Michael J. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe effect of changes in the angles at the connection points of linear/circular helicates is explored as a route to control the nuclearity and architecture of metallo‐supramolecular arrays. This effect is probed by changing the geometry of the metal centre used to assemble bis‐pyridylimine ligands that contain a 1,3‐bis(aminomethyl) benzene spacer group. Tetrahedral metal ions favour linear dimers, whereas octahedral nickel(II) predominantly gives a triangular circular helicate. Five‐coordinate copper(II) falls in the middle of these extremes and results in the formation of solvent‐dependent mixtures of dimer and trimer. The trinuclear, triangular, circular helicate structures, which result from coordination to copper(II) and nickel(II), are structurally characterised by X‐ray crystallography and reveal that the units can aggregate into hexagonal arrays that contain anion‐filled tube‐like channels in the solid state.
The Role of Lipid‐lowering Therapy in Preventing Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Karalis Dean G. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCoronary heart disease is the most common cause of death among diabetic patients. The increased risk of coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes is due, in part, to lipid abnormalities often present in the diabetic patient. Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by elevated triglycerides, low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and an increased preponderance of small, dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) particles. Current guidelines for the prevention of coronary heart disease in diabetic patients identify elevated LDL‐C as the primary target of lipid‐lowering therapy, and recommend statins as the first‐line treatment for diabetic dyslipidemia. This review evaluates the large statin trials that have included diabetic patients, and discusses the role of combination therapy in managing dyslipidemia in diabetic patients. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Homology Modeling of NR2B Modulatory Domain of NMDA Receptor and Analysis of Ifenprodil Binding
Authors: Marinelli Luciana , Cosconati Sandro , Steinbrecher Thomas , Limongelli Vittorio , Bertamino Alessia , Novellino Ettore , Case David A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractNMDA receptors are glutamate‐gated ion channels (iGluRs) that are involved in several important physiological functions such as neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Among iGluRs, NMDA receptors have been perhaps the most actively investigated for their role in chronic neurodegeneration such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. Recent studies have shown that the NTD of subunit NR2B modulates ion channel gating through the binding of allosteric modulators such as the prototypical compound ifenprodil. In the present paper, the construction of a three‐dimensional model for the NR2B modulatory domain is described and docking calculations allow, for the first time, definition of the ifenprodil binding pose at an atomic level and fully explain all the available structure–activity relationships. Moreover, in an attempt to add further insight into the ifenprodil mechanism of action, as it is not completely clear if it binds and stabilizes an open or a closed conformation of the NR2B modulatory domain, a matter, which is fundamental for the rational design of NMDA antagonists, MD simulations followed by an MM‐PBSA analysis were performed. These calculations reveal that the closed conformation of the R1‐R2 domain, rather than the open, constitutes the high affinity binding site for ifenprodil and that a profound stabilization of the closed conformation upon ifenprodil binding occurs. Thus, for a rational design and/or for virtual screening experiments, the closed conformation of the R1‐R2 domain should be taken into account and our 3D model can provide valuable hints for the design of NR2B‐selective antagonists.
Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Glutamic Acid Homologues and Investigation of Their Pharmacological Profiles
Authors: Conti Paola , Pinto Andrea , Tamborini Lucia , Grazioso Giovanni , De Sarro Giovambattista , Bräuner‐Osborne Hans , Szabo Geza , Gábor Hársing László , De Micheli Carlo 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHomologation of the glutamic acid chain together with conformational constraint is a commonly used strategy to achieve selectivity towards different types of glutamate receptors. We investigated the effects of a further increase in the distance between the amino acid moiety and the distal carboxylate group of model compounds (±)‐1 and (±)‐2 on their activity/selectivity profiles. We therefore synthesized new derivatives (±)‐3–(±)‐6, which are homologues of glutamic acid containing three additional carbon units. Moreover, because the potency of NMDA antagonists can be markedly increased by replacing the distal carboxylate with the bioisosteric phosphonate group, we also prepared the corresponding phosphonate derivatives (±)‐7–(±)‐10. All new compounds were submitted to binding assays with iGluRs, and derivatives (±)‐3–(±)‐6 were also tested in second messenger assays at representative mGluR subtypes. All the applied structural modifications were detrimental to the interaction with NMDA receptors. Conversely, structural variation of the nonselective mGluR ligand (±)‐2 led to derivative (±)‐5, which behaved as a selective group I metabotropic receptor antagonist. Notably, upon i.c.v. administration in DBA/2 mice, amino acid (±)‐5 produced a significant protection against audiogenic seizures, whereas it was inactive after i.p. administration.
Phase 1 study of tipifarnib in combination with imatinib for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase after imatinib failure
Authors: Cortes Jorge , Quintás‐Cardama Alfonso , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , O'Brien Susan , Jones Dan , Faderl Stefan , Ebarb Theresa , Giles Francis , Thomas Deborah , Kantarjian Hagop 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The tolerability and efficacy of the combination of tipifarnib, an orally bioavailable nonpeptidomimetic farnesyl transferase inhibitor, and imatinib was investigated in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase who had failed imatinib.METHODS.Twenty‐six patients (13 [50%] with Abl kinase domain mutations) were treated. The initial dose level was tipifarnib at a dose of 300 mg twice daily and imatinib at a dose of 300 mg daily. Therapy was escalated following a ‘3 + 3’ phase 1 design and the maximum tolerated dose was defined as tipifarnib at a dose of 400 mg twice daily and imatinib at a dose of 400 mg daily. Therapy was administered for a median of 26 weeks (range, 3–150 weeks).RESULTS.Adverse events included diarrhea in 21 patients (81%) and nausea in 18 patients (69%), but were generally grade 2 or less (using the revised National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria). Grade 3–4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 11 patients (42%) and 8 patients (31%), respectively. Sixteen patients discontinued therapy (5 due to toxicity and 11 due to lack of response or disease progression). Hematologic responses were attained by 17 (68%) of 25 assessable patients. Nine patients (36%) also achieved a cytogenetic response (3 complete responses, 4 partial responses, and 2 minimal responses), including 4 patients harboring mutant Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinases. One patient bearing the highly imatinib‐resistant T315I mutant achieved a partial cytogenetic response. The median response duration was 3 months (range, 2–30+ months).CONCLUSIONS.The combination of tipifarnib and imatinib is well tolerated and has activity against several Abl kinase domain mutants. Combinations of tipifarnib with more potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors warrant further investigation. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Biologic significance of receptor‐binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) as a pivotal regulator of tumor growth through angiogenesis in human uterine cancer
Authors: Sonoda Kenzo , Miyamoto Shingo , Yamazaki Ayano , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Nakashima Manabu , Mekada Eisuke , Wake Norio 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.The expression of receptor‐binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is related significantly to the overall survival of patients with various cancers. RCAS1 reportedly induces apoptotic cell death in peripheral lymphocytes, which may contribute to the escape of tumor cells from immune surveillance. RCAS1 expression also has been related to tumor invasiveness and size in uterine cervical cancer. To clarify whether RCAS1 exacerbates tumor progression, the authors investigated the association between RCAS1 expression and tumor growth potential.METHODS.The authors constructed small interfering ribonucleic acid (RNA) (siRNA) to target RCAS1. After transfection of siRNA and the RCAS1‐encoding gene, growth of tumor cells was assessed in vitro and in vivo. The correlation between RCAS1 expression and angiogenesis was investigated in the transfected cells and in inoculated tumors from nude mice. In addition, the same association was investigated immunohistochemically with tissue samples from patients with uterine cervical cancer.RESULTS.Knockdown of RCAS1 expression by siRNA significantly suppressed the in vivo growth of SiSo and HOUA tumor cells (P < .005); however, in vitro cell growth was not affected significantly. Enhanced RCAS1 expression significantly promoted in vivo growth, but not in vitro growth, of tumors derived from COS‐7 cells (P = .0039). Introduction of the RCAS1‐encoding gene increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In uterine cervical cancer, RCAS1 expression was associated significantly with VEGF expression (P = .0407) and with microvessel density (P = .0108).CONCLUSIONS.RCAS1 may be a pivotal regulator of tumor growth through angiogenesis. Continued exploration of the biologic function of RCAS1 may allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies for uterine cancer. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b therapy in BCR‐ABL–negative myeloproliferative disorders
Authors: Jabbour Elias , Kantarjian Hagop , Cortes Jorge , Thomas Deborah , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Faderl Stefan , Richie Mary Ann , Beran Miloslav , Giles Francis , Verstovsek Srdan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND.Interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α) has shown significant activity in the treatment of BCR‐ABL–negative myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs), particularly essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV). PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b is a pegylated IFN‐α‐2b with a significant advantage over nonpegylated form in that it is administered once a week.METHODS.Thirty‐eight patients with BCR‐ABL–negative MPDs were treated with PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b, given subcutaneously weekly, at the starting dose of 3 μg/kg/wk for the first 14 patients and then 2 μg/kg/wk for the next 24 patients, with intent to treat patients as long as they benefited from the therapy.RESULTS.Median age was 54 years. Patient diagnoses were: 13 (34%) ET; 11 (29%) primary myelofibrosis (PMF); 5 (13%) BCR‐ABL–negative chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); 4 (10.5%) hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES); 4 (10.5%) PV; and 1 (3%) unclassified myeloproliferative disease (uMPD). Recorded grade 3–4 toxicities were related to fatigue, myelosuppression, and musculoskeletal pain. Ten (26%) patients stopped treatment because of toxicity. Thirteen (34%) patients achieved a complete remission, and 4 (11%) achieved a partial response. Only 1 patient with PMF responded. Median time to response was 5 months. Median duration of response was 20 months. Three patients had a sustained response for >24 months.CONCLUSIONS.PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b, with proper dose modifications, is effective in controlling disease in a significant proportion of BCR‐ABL–negative MPD patients, particularly ET and PV. However, toxicities encountered with PEG‐IFN‐α‐2b therapy are similar to those obtained with conventional IFN‐α, thus limiting the duration of therapy. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
PASSing the provenance challenge
Authors: Holland David A. , Seltzer Margo I. , Braun Uri , Muniswamy‐Reddy Kiran‐Kumar 
Published: September 2007

AbstractProvenance‐aware storage systems (PASS) are a new class of storage system treating provenance as a first‐class object, providing automatic collection, storage, and management of provenance as well as query capabilities. We developed the first PASS prototype between 2005 and 2006, targeting scientific end users. Prior to undertaking the provenance challenge, we had focused on provenance collection and storage, without much emphasis on a query model or language. The challenge forced us to (quickly) develop a query model and infrastructure implementing this model. We present a brief overview of the PASS prototype and a discussion of the evolution of the query model that we developed for the challenge. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Al2O3 Atomic Layer Deposition on ZrO2 Nanoparticles in a Rotary Reactor
Authors: McCormick J. A. , Rice K. P. , Paul D. F. , Weimer A. W. , George S. M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAl2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) is analyzed on ZrO2 nanoparticles in a rotary reactor. This rotary reactor allows for static exposures and efficiently utilizes the reactants for ALD on high surface area nanoparticles. The Al2O3 ALD is performed using exposures to Al(CH3)3 and H2O reactants. The pressure transients during these exposures are examined using a sequence of reactant micropulses. These micropulses are less than the required exposures for the ALD surface chemistry to reach completion. The pressure transients during identical sequential Al(CH3)3 and H2O micropulses change as the surface chemistry progresses to completion. These pressure transients allow the required saturation reactant exposure to be determined to maximize reactant usage. The ZrO2 nanoparticles are coated using various numbers of Al(CH3)3 and H2O reactant exposures. The Al2O3 ALD‐coated ZrO2 nanoparticles are subsequently analyzed using a number of techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), scanning AES (SAES), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The TEM images reveal very conformal Al2O3 ALD on the ZrO2 nanoparticles. The Al2O3 ALD thicknesses versus number of Al(CH3)3 and H2O reactant exposures yielded an Al2O3 ALD growth rate of 2.0 Å per reactant cycle. The AES and XPS results are consistent with an Al2O3 ALD film that completely and conformally covered the underlying ZrO2 nanoparticle. The SAES measurements show that the Al2O3 ALD films are continuous and homogeneous on the ZrO2 nanoparticles. These results demonstrate that a rotary reactor can successfully perform ALD with high reactant efficiency on high surface area nanoparticles.
CVD and Powders: A Great Potential to Create New Materials
Authors: Caussat B. , Vahlas C. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPowders play a major role in modern industrial activity, a role further increased by the development of nanomaterials and especially of nanoparticles. In this Editorial, Guest Editors Brigitte Caussat and Constantin Vahlas give an overview of the role played by CVD in the synthesis and functionalization of powder materials and introduce the papers in this Special Issue reporting on the current state of the art.
Dll3 and Notch1 genetic interactions model axial segmental and craniofacial malformations of human birth defects
Authors: Loomes Kathleen M. , Stevens Stacey A. , O'Brien Megan L. , Gonzalez Dorian M. , Ryan Matthew J. , Segalov Michelle , Dormans Nicholas J. , Mimoto Mizuho S. , Gibson Joshua D. , Sewell William , Schaffer Alyssa A. , Nah Hyun‐Duck , Rappaport Eric F. , Pratt Stephen C. , Dunwoodie Sally L. , Kusumi Kenro 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMutations in the Notch1 receptor and delta‐like 3 (Dll3) ligand cause global disruptions in axial segmental patterning. Genetic interactions between members of the notch pathway have previously been shown to cause patterning defects not observed in single gene disruptions. We examined Dll3‐Notch1 compound mouse mutants to screen for potential gene interactions. While mice heterozygous at either locus appeared normal, 30% of Dll3‐Notch1 double heterozygous animals exhibited localized, segmental anomalies similar to human congenital vertebral defects. Unexpectedly, double heterozygous mice also displayed statistically significant reduction of mandibular height and elongation of maxillary hard palate. Examination of somite‐stage embryos and perinatal anatomy and histology did not reveal any organ defects, so we used microarray‐based analysis of Dll3 and Notch1 mutant embryos to identify gene targets that may be involved in notch‐regulated segmental or craniofacial development. Thus, Dll3‐Notch1 double heterozygous mice model human congenital scoliosis and craniofacial disorders. Developmental Dynamics 236:2943–2951, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by tunicamycin disables germ layer formation in Xenopus laevis embryos
Authors: Yuan Li , Cao Ying , Knöchel Walter 
Published: September 2007

AbstractMaintenance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is essential for correct protein targeting and secretion. ER stress caused by accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins leads to disruption of cellular functions. We have investigated the effect of ER stress on Xenopus embryogenesis. ER stress induced by tunicamycin (TM) treatment of embryos resulted in defects affecting germ layer formation. We observed up‐regulation of ER stress response genes, enhanced cytoplasmic splicing of xXBP1 RNA, and increased rate of apoptosis. In animal cap assays, TM treatment inhibited mesoderm formation induced by overexpression of activin/nodal RNA but did not affect mesoderm formation induced by functional activin protein, suggesting that dysfunction of ER caused a failure in activin/nodal processing and/or secretion. The observation that activin protein renders mesoderm formation under ER stress strengthens the role of activin/nodal for mesoderm induction. The results underline the functional significance of ER homeostasis in germ layer formation during Xenopus embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 236:2844–2851, 2007 © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Is your “gene of interest” interesting?
Authors: Kiefer Julie C. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHas a large‐scale screen turned up a potential gene‐of‐interest that you know nothing about? Your computer is a portal to a wealth of information that can save you valuable time and resources. Freely available data can help to determine whether a particular gene is worthy of further research, and what direction that research should take. Presented here are approaches to mining the Internet, including searching popular model organism databases. The primer covers two typical scenarios: the gene of interest is well characterized, or mostly uncharacterized. Also featured are interviews with Monte Westerfield, PhD, Director of the Zebrafish Information Network (ZFIN) online database, and Principal Investigator of the Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) project, Akhilesh Pandey, MD, PhD. Developmental Dynamics 236:2962–2969, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression of the murine retinol dehydrogenase 10 (Rdh10) gene correlates with many sites of retinoid signalling during embryogenesis and organ differentiation
Authors: Cammas Laura , Romand Raymond , Fraulob Valérie , Mura Carole , Dollé Pascal 
Published: September 2007

AbstractRetinoic acid acts as a signalling molecule regulating many developmental events in vertebrates. As this molecule directly influences gene expression by activating nuclear receptors, its patterns of synthesis have to be tightly regulated, and it is well established that at least three retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (RALDHs) are involved in such tissue‐specific synthesis. Whereas embryos from oviparous species can obtain retinaldehyde by metabolizing carotenoids stored in the yolk, placental embryos rely on retinol transferred from the maternal circulation. Here, we show that the gene encoding one of the murine retinol dehydrogenases, Rdh10, is expressed according to complex profiles both during early embryogenesis and organ differentiation. Many of its expression sites correlate with regions of active retinoid signalling and Raldh gene expression, especially with Raldh2 in the early presomitic and somitic mesoderm, retrocardiac and posterior branchial arch region, or later in the pleural mesothelium and kidney cortical region. Rdh10 also shows cell‐type and/or regional specificity during development of the palate, teeth, and olfactory system. During limb bud development, it may participate in retinoic acid production in proximal/posterior cells, and eventually in interdigital mesenchyme. These data implicate the retinol to retinaldehyde conversion as the first step in the tissue‐specific regulation of retinoic acid synthesis, at least in mammalian embryos. Developmental Dynamics 236:2899–2908, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.