bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross talk among Notch3, pre-TCR, and Tal1 in T-cell development and leukemogenesis
Authors: Talora Claudio , Cialfi Samantha , Oliviero Christian , Palermo Rocco , Pascucci Monica , Frati Luigi , Vacca Alessandra , Gulino Alberto , Screpanti Isabella 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Integrated pathways are believed to determine hematopoietic cell fate and/or neoplastic transformation. Notch signaling has been shown to regulate T-cell differentiation and leukemogenesis. However, specific target genes and molecular partners are not fully elucidated. We show that Notch3 activation sustains aberrant SCL/Tal1 overexpression and phosphorylation in mature thymocytes. Furthermore, we define the role of SCL/Tal1 as a component of an activator complex, including phosphorylated Tal1 and Sp1, that specifically enhances cyclin D1 expression and demonstrate that Tal1/Sp1 specifically co-occupy the D1 promoter in vivo, only in the presence of pre-T-cell receptor (TCR). We therefore conclude not only that cyclin D1 is a target of the Tal1/Sp1 complex, but also that Notch3-dependent activation of pre-TCR/ERK signaling regulates SCL/Tal1 function.
Identifying a common molecular mechanism for inhibition of MITF and STAT3 by PIAS3
Authors: Levy Carmit , Lee Yu-Nee , Nechushtan Hovav , Schueler-Furman Ora , Sonnenblick Amir , Hacohen Shelley , Razin Ehud 
Published: December 2005

AbstractProtein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) functions in vivo as a key molecule in suppressing the transcriptional activity of both microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), 2 transcription factors that play a major role in the regulation of growth and function in mast cells and melanocytes. Previously, we have demonstrated binding of PIAS3 to MITF leading to the inhibition of MITF transcriptional activity. Following cellular activation, PIAS3 is released from MITF and binds to STAT3. Now we have localized a common binding motif in PIAS3 for MITF and STAT3. This motif (PIAS82-132), which contains 50 amino acids, is sufficient for the inhibition of both MITF and STAT3. Three-dimensional protein modeling demonstrated that this motif contains 2 alpha helices. Disruption of one of the helices led to the loss of PIAS3 inhibitory activity. In addition to contributing to our understanding of the mechanisms of PIAS3 activity, these results could pave the way toward the formulation of an antioncogenic agent for the inhibition of both STAT3 and MITF.
Frequent genomic alterations in epithelium measured by microsatellite instability following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in humans
Authors: Faber Philipp , Fisch Paul , Waterhouse Miguel , Schmitt-Gräff Annette , Bertz Hartmut , Finke Jürgen , Spyridonidis Alexandros 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Although typically found in cancers, frameshift mutations in microsatellites have also been detected in chronically inflamed tissues. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) may potentially produce chronic tissue stress through graft-versus-host reactions. We examined non-neoplastic epithelial tissues (colon, buccal) obtained 1 to 5061 days after human allogeneic HCT for the presence of genomic alterations at 3 tetranucleotide and 3 mononucleotide microsatellite loci. Novel bands indicative of microsatellite instability (MSI) at tetranucleotide repeats were detected in laser-microdissected colonic crypts and in buccal smears of 75% and 42% of patients who received an allograft, respectively. In contrast, no MSI was found in similar tissues from control subjects and from patients after intensive chemotherapy or in buccal cells from patients after autologous HCT. The MSI found in colon, which was often affected by graft-versus-host disease, was not due to loss of expression or nitrosylation of DNA repair proteins. MSI in clinically intact oral mucosa was more frequently found at later time points after HCT. MSI was also found in 3 posttransplant squamous cell cancers examined. Our data show that genomic alterations in epithelium regularly occur after allogeneic HCT and may be implicated in the evolution of posttransplantation diseases, including secondary cancer.
Alterations of renal phenotype and gene expression profiles due to protein overload in NOD-related mouse strains
Authors: Wilson Karen HS , McIndoe Richard A , Eckenrode Sarah , Morel Laurence , Agarwal Anupam , Croker Byron P , She Jin-Xiong 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Background
Despite multiple causes, Chronic Kidney Disease is commonly associated with proteinuria. A previous study on Non Obese Diabetic mice (NOD), which spontaneously develop type 1 diabetes, described histological and gene expression changes incurred by diabetes in the kidney. Because proteinuria is coincident to diabetes, the effects of proteinuria are difficult to distinguish from those of other factors such as hyperglycemia. Proteinuria can nevertheless be induced in mice by peritoneal injection of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). To gain more information on the specific effects of proteinuria, this study addresses renal changes in diabetes resistant NOD-related mouse strains (NON and NOD.B10) that were made to develop proteinuria by BSA overload.

Methods
Proteinuria was induced by protein overload on NON and NOD.B10 mouse strains and histology and microarray technology were used to follow the kidney response. The effects of proteinuria were assessed and subsequently compared to changes that were observed in a prior study on NOD diabetic nephropathy.

Results
Overload treatment significantly modified the renal phenotype and out of 5760 clones screened, 21 and 7 kidney transcripts were respectively altered in the NON and NOD.B10. Upregulated transcripts encoded signal transduction genes, as well as markers for inflammation (Calmodulin kinase beta). Down-regulated transcripts included FKBP52 which was also down-regulated in diabetic NOD kidney. Comparison of transcripts altered by proteinuria to those altered by diabetes identified mannosidase 2 alpha 1 as being more specifically induced by proteinuria.

Conclusion
By simulating a component of diabetes, and looking at the global response on mice resistant to the disease, by virtue of a small genetic difference, we were able to identify key factors in disease progression. This suggests the power of this approach in unraveling multifactorial disease processes.
Prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders: a chart review
Authors: Curtin Carol , Bandini Linda G , Perrin Ellen C , Tybor David J , Must Aviva 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe condition of obesity has become a significant public health problem in the United States. In children and adolescents, the prevalence of overweight has tripled in the last 20 years, with approximately 16.0% of children ages 6–19, and 10.3% of 2–5 year olds being considered overweight. Considerable research is underway to understand obesity in the general pediatric population, however little research is available on the prevalence of obesity in children with developmental disorders. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of overweight among a clinical population of children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).MethodsRetrospective chart review of 140 charts of children ages 3–18 years seen between 1992 and 2003 at a tertiary care clinic that specializes in the evaluation and treatment of children with developmental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders. Diagnostic, medical, and demographic information was extracted from the charts. Primary diagnoses of either ADHD or ASD were recorded, as was information on race/ethnicity, age, gender, height, and weight. Information was also collected on medications that the child was taking. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measures of height and weight recorded in the child's chart. The Center for Disease Control's BMI growth reference was used to determine an age- and gender-specific BMI z-score for the children.ResultsThe prevalence of at-risk-for-overweight (BMI >85th%ile) and overweight (BMI > 95th%ile) was 29% and 17.3% respectively in children with ADHD. Although the prevalence appeared highest in the 2–5 year old group (42.9%ile), differences among age groups were not statistically significant. Prevalence did not differ between boys and girls or across age groups (all p > 0.05). For children with ASD, the overall prevalence of at-risk-for-overweight was 35.7% and prevalence of overweight was 19%.ConclusionWhen compared to an age-matched reference population (NHANES 1999–2002), our estimates indicate that children with ADHD and with ASD have a prevalence of overweight that is similar to children in the general population.
Open field trial of genetically modified parthenocarpic tomato: seedlessness and fruit quality
Authors: Rotino Giuseppe Leonardo , Acciarri Nazareno , Sabatini Emidio , Mennella Giuseppe , Lo Scalzo Roberto , Maestrelli Andrea , Molesini Barbara , Pandolfini Tiziana , Scalzo Jessica , Mezzetti Bruno , Spena Angelo 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundParthenocarpic tomato lines transgenic for theDefH9-RI-iaaMgene have been cultivated under open field conditions to address some aspects of the equivalence of genetically modified (GM) fruit in comparison to controls (non-GM).ResultsUnder open field cultivation conditions, two tomato lines (UC 82) transgenic for theDefH9-RI-iaaMgene produced parthenocarpic fruits.DefH9-RI-iaaMfruits were either seedless or contained very few seeds. GM fruit quality, with the exception of a higher β-carotene level, did not show any difference, neither technological (colour, firmness, dry matter, °Brix, pH) nor chemical (titratable acidity, organic acids, lycopene, tomatine, total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity – TEAC), when compared to that of fruits from control line. Highly significant differences in quality traits exist between the tomato F1 commercial hybrid Allflesh and the three UC 82 genotypes tested, regardless of whether or not they are GM. Total yield per plant did not differ between GM and parental line UC 82. Fruit number was increased in GM lines, and GM fruit weight was decreased.ConclusionThe use in the diet of fruits from a new line or variety introduces much greater changes than the consumption of GM fruits in comparison to its genetic background. Parthenocarpic fruits, produced under open field conditions, contained 10-fold less seeds than control fruits. Thus parthenocarpy caused byDefH9-RI-iaaMgene represents also a tool for mitigating GM seeds dispersal in the environment.
Effects among healthy subjects of the duration of regularly practicing a guided imagery program
Authors: Watanabe Eri , Fukuda Sanae , Shirakawa Taro 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Background
We examined a large number of healthy adults in the general community who had individually participated in a guided imagery (GI) program daily and for various durations, to examine the psychophysiological effects of a GI program within a healthy group.

Methods
We studied 176 subjects who had participated in sessions that were part of a guided imagery program, and who had practiced GI at home for 20 minutes once daily in a quiet place after mastering GI in the group sessions. The average duration of GI practiced at home was 6.88 ± 14.06 months (n = 138, range: 0 to 72). The Multiple Mood Scale (MMS), Betts (1909) Shortened Questionnaire on Mental Imagery (QMI), and a visual analog scale (VAS) of imagery vividness, salivary cortisol (CS) levels, general stress and general health were used in the sessions.

Results
We examined the relationship between the duration of daily GI practiced at home and MMS, QMI, CS, general health, and general stress at baseline. The subjects who had practiced GI at home longer had lower negative mood scores at baseline and lower severity of stress, and higher positive mood at baseline (both at a session and at home), general health, and QMI scores at baseline. The MMS change during a session and the duration of daily GI practiced at home were not correlated. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance showed that the duration of daily GI practiced as the covariate was not associated with changes in the three CS levels.

Conclusion
Although regularly practicing a GI program daily for 20 min did not affect the CS level or mood during a GI session for several hours, it kept a good condition of the general mental, physical well-being and their overall stress of the practitioners as they had practiced it for long duration. We postulate that subjects who have the high ability of imaging vividness showed the better mood, health status and less stress than those subjects who have the low ability of it did. The ability of image vividness of the long-term regular practitioners of GI was higher than its short-term or inexperienced practitioners, which allowed practitioners to produce more comfortable imagery. Consequently, the longer the duration that they had practiced GI program once a day regularly, the lower scores of their stress were and the higher scores of their health were. We suggest that the regular daily practice of a GI program might be connected to less stress and better health.
Antimicrobial activities of Eugenol and Cinnamaldehyde against the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Ali Shaik Mahaboob , Khan Aleem A , Ahmed Irshad , Musaddiq M , Ahmed Khaja S , Polasa H , Rao L Venkateswar , Habibullah Chittoor M , Sechi Leonardo A , Ahmed Niyaz 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Background
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is an important objective in overcoming gastric diseases. Many regimens are currently available but none of them could achieve 100% success in eradication. Eugenol and cinnamaldehyde that are commonly used in various food preparations are known to possess antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of bacteria.

Aim
The present study was performed to assess the in vitro effects of eugenol and cinnamaldehyde against indigenous and standard H. pylori strains, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and time course lethal effects at various pH.

Methods
A total of 31 strains (29 indigenous and one standard strain of H. pylori ATCC 26695, one strain of E. coli NCIM 2089) were screened. Agar dilution method was used for the determination of drug sensitivity patterns of isolates to the commonly used antibiotics and broth dilution method for the test compounds.

Results
Eugenol and cinnamaldehyde inhibited the growth of all the 30 H. pylori strains tested, at a concentration of 2 μg/ml, in the 9th and 12th hours of incubation respectively. At acidic pH, increased activity was observed for both the compounds. Furthermore, the organism did not develop any resistance towards these compounds even after 10 passages grown at sub-inhibitory concentrations.

Conclusion
These results indicate that the two bioactive compounds we tested may prevent H. pylori growth in vitro, without acquiring any resistance.
C/EBPbeta-2 confers EGF-independent growth and disrupts the normal acinar architecture of human mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Bundy Linda , Wells Sam , Sealy Linda 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundThe transcription factor, C/EBPbeta, is a key regulator of growth and differentiation in the mammary gland. There are three different protein isoforms of C/EBPbeta. C/EBPbeta-1 and -2 are transactivators, and differ by only 23 N-terminal amino acids present in beta-1 only. C/EBPbeta-3 (LIP) lacks the transactivation domain and represses transcription. Elevated C/EBPbeta-2 expression causes MCF10A normal human mammary epithelial cells to become transformed, undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and acquire an invasive phenotype. C/EBPbeta is a downstream transcriptional target of Ras signaling pathways and is required for Ras transformation of some cell types. Ras signaling pathways are activated in mammary epithelial cells by the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family. Therefore, we considered whether elevated C/EBPbeta-2 expression would resemble ErbB RTK activation in MCF10A cells.ResultsWe show that elevated C/EBPbeta-2 expression confers EGF-independent growth in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. However, MCF10A cells expressing C/EBPbeta-3 are not EGF-independent, and high C/EBPbeta-3 or LIP expression is incompatible with growth. C/EBPbeta-2 overexpression disrupts the normal acinar architecture of MCF10A cells in basement membrane cultures and induces complex multiacinar structures with filled lumen, similar to the consequences of aberrant ErbB2 activation.ConclusionGiven the ability of C/EBPbeta-2 to confer EGF-independent growth to mammary epithelial cells as well as its capability for disrupting normal epithelial architecture and causing EMT, it is worth considering whether inhibitors which target ErbB family signaling pathways could be less effective in mammary epithelial cells with elevated nuclear C/EBPbeta-2 expression.
Cortactin and phagocytosis in isolated Sertoli cells
Authors: Wolski Katja M , Haller Edward , Cameron Don F 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundCortactin, an actin binding protein, has been associated with Sertoli cell ectoplasmic specializationsin vivo, based on its immunolocalization around the heads of elongated spermatids, but not previously identified in isolated Sertoli cells. In anin vitromodel of Sertoli cell-spermatid binding, cortactin was identified around debris and dead germ cells. Based on this observation, we hypothesized that this actin binding protein may be associated with a non-junction-related physiological function, such as phagocytosis. The purpose of this study was to identify the presence and distribution of cortactin in isolated rat Sertoli cells active in phagocytic activity following the addition of 0.8 μm latex beads.ResultsSertoli cell monocultures were incubated with or without follicle stimulating hormone (FSH; 0.1 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of cytochalasin D (2 μM), as an actin disrupter. Cortactin was identified by standard immunostaining with anti-cortactin, clone 4F11 (Upstate) after incubation times of 15 min, 2 hr, and 24 hr with or without beads. Cells exposed to no hormone and no beads appeared to have a ubiquitous distribution of cortactin throughout the cytoplasm. In the presence of cytochalasin D, cortactin immunostaining was punctate and distributed in a pattern similar to that reported for actin in cells exposed to cytochalasin D. Sertoli cells not exposed to FSH, but activated with beads, did not show cortactin immunostaining around the phagocytized beads at any of the time periods. FSH exposure did not alter the distribution of cortactin within Sertoli cells, even when phagocytic activity was upregulated by the presence of beads.ConclusionResults of this study suggest cortactin is not associated with peripheralized actin at junctional or phagocytic sites. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of cortactin in Sertoli cells.
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in 41 adults: the illness, the patients, and problems of management
Authors: Fleisher David R , Gornowicz Blake , Adams Kathleen , Burch Richard , Feldman Edward J 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundCyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by recurrent, stereotypic episodes of incapacitating nausea, vomiting and other symptoms, separated by intervals of comparative wellness. This report describes the clinical features, co-morbidities and problems encountered in management of 41 adult patients who met the diagnostic criteria for CVS.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of adults with CVS seen between 1994 and 2003. Follow-up data were obtained by mailed questionnaires.ResultsAge of onset ranged from 2 to 49 years. The duration of CVS at the time of consultation ranged from less than 1 year to 49 years. CVS episodes were stereotypic in respect of their hours of onset, symptomatology and length. Ninety-three percent of patients had recognizable prodromes. Half of the patients experienced a constellation of symptoms consisting of CVS episodes, migraine diathesis, inter-episodic dyspeptic nausea and a history of panic attacks. Deterioration in the course of CVS is indicated by coalescence of episodes in time. The prognosis of CVS is favorable in the majority of patients.ConclusionCVS is a disabling disorder affecting adults as well as children. Because its occurrence in adults is little known, patients experience delayed or mis-diagnosis and ineffectual, sometimes inappropriately invasive management.
A Global Workspace perspective on mental disorders
Authors: Wallace Rodrick 
Published: December 2005

AbstractBackgroundRecent developments in Global Workspace theory suggest that human consciousness can suffer interpenetrating dysfunctions of mutual and reciprocal interaction with embedding environments which will have early onset and often insidious staged developmental progression, possibly according to a cancer model, in which a set of long-evolved control strategies progressively fails.Methods and resultsA rate distortion argument implies that, if an external information source carries a damaging 'message', then sufficient exposure to it, particularly during critical developmental periods, is sure to write a sufficiently accurate image of it on mind and body in a punctuated manner so as to initiate or promote similarly progressively punctuated developmental disorder, in essence either a staged failure affecting large-scale brain connectivity, which is the sine qua non of human consciousness, or else damaging the ability of embedding goal contexts to contain conscious dynamics.ConclusionThe key intervention, at the population level, is clearly to limit exposure to factors triggering developmental disorders, a question of proper environmental sanitation, in a large sense, primarily a matter of social justice which has long been known to be determined almost entirely by the interactions of cultural trajectory, group power relations, and economic structure, with public policy. Intervention at the individual level appears limited to triggering or extending periods of remission, representing reestablishment of an extensive, but largely unexplored, spectrum of evolved control strategies, in contrast with the far better-understood case of cancer.
Excited State Energy Migration and Photochromic Reaction in 1,2-Bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene Single Crystal
Authors: Kobatake Seiya , Muto Hiroaki , Irie Masahiro 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
An excited state energy migration was found to compete with a photocyclization reaction in the single crystal of 1,2-bis(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)perfluorocyclopentene.
Luminescence of Tris(8-quinolinato)aluminum(III) (Alq3) Adsorbed into Mesoporous Silica
Authors: Tagaya Motohiro , Ogawa Makoto 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The adsorption of tris(8-quinolinato)aluminum(III) (Alq3) into mesoporous silica was investigated. Alq3 was easily occluded into the mesoporous silica from Alq3 solution and the luminescence altered with respect to the amount of adsorbed Alq3. This is the first report to effectively modify the luminescence properties of Alq3 by the host–guest and guest–guest interactions.
Synthesis and Structure of cis-trans-cis-1,3,5,7-Tetraisocyanato-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
Authors: Abe Yoshimoto , Suyama Ken-ichi , Gunji Takahiro 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
The controlled hydrolysis of 1,1,3,5,7,7-hexaisocyanato-1,3,5,7-tetramethyltetrasiloxane in tetrahydrofuran gave the desired cyclotetrasiloxane which is expected to be a building block for novel ladder oligosiloxanes with anti configuration, in contrast to the conventional ladder oligosiloxanes with syn configuration.