bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of surface hardness, thermostability, tribo-corrosion, and microstructural morphological properties of microwave-synthesized high entropy alloy FeCoNiMnCu coating claddings on steel
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Mohammed Kahtan A. , Kumar Abhinav , Awwad Fuad A. , Khan M. Ijaz , Ismail Emad A. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeposition of high entropy alloy FeCoNiMnCu on SS-304 was carried out by microwave energy for application in “solid oxide fuel-cell (SOFC) interconnects”. The ball-milling has been performed by taking “Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, and Cu” in equal 20 wt. % of before deposited on SS-304 substrate. The deposited steel with 20% Fe 20% Co 20% Ni 20% Mn 20% Cu high entropy alloy (HEA) was exposed to thermal-exposure in the air for up to 10 weeks at 800 °C. The uniform cladding distribution of 20% Fe 20% Co 20% Ni 20% Mn 20% Cu HEA particles can be apparently observed on SS-304 substrate by utilizing Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Optical microscopy analysis. Homogeneity in the interfacial layer was evident by employing Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) characterization. Results have indicated that after the thermal exposure of deposited steel with 20% Fe 20% Co 20% Ni 20% Mn 20% Cu in the air for up to ten weeks at 800 °C, a “protective Cr2O3layer”, and “high-entropy spinel coating” of (Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cu)3O4have been formed. During microwave cladding, the emergence of harder-phases has contributed to the raised hardness. The wear behavior after coating of 20% Fe 20% Co 20% Ni 20% Mn 20% Cu HEA on SS-304 substrate has significantly enhanced due to the strengthened wear resistance and hardness of the coatings. Findings have exhibited that the formation of (Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cu)3O4phase is a potential coating material for “SOFC interconnects” applications. Moreover, the cladding of SS304 with a composition of 20% Fe, 20% Co, 20% Ni, 20% Mn, and 20% Cu has demonstrated remarkable stability under thermal expansion studies. As the findings have revealed that the composite cladding has efficiently withstand significant variations in volume when subjected to elevated temperatures for a prolonged period of time, thus, exhibiting its superior thermal stability for SOFC-interconnect applications. Furthermore, the SEM images of the cladding surface, surface hardness, and tribocorrosion behavior of the coated material have been observed to identify the 20% Fe 20% Co 20% Ni 20% Mn 20% Cu HEA coating effect on SS-304 steel-substrate.
Characterisation, prevalence and severity of skin lesions caused by ophidiomycosis in a population of wild snakes
Authors: Allain Steven J. R. , Leech David I. , Hopkins Kevin , Seilern-Moy Katharina , Rodriguez-Ramos Fernandez Julia , Griffiths Richard A. , Lawson Becki 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOphidiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease affecting wild snakes in the Northern Hemisphere. Recently confirmed in Great Britain, the prevalence, severity and significance of ophidiomycosis has yet to be characterised in free-living snakes at a population level in Europe. Therefore, a population of barred grass snakes (Natrix helvetica) in eastern England was monitored for three seasons (May 2019 to October 2021), to investigate the prevalence (25.5%; 191/750 snakes) and severity of skin lesions and their aetiology. The most frequently observed skin lesion characteristics were changes in scale colour, crusting, and scale margin erosion. The majority of such lesions (96.9%; 185/191 snakes) was observed on the ventral surface along the length of the body. The severity of skin lesions was considered mild in more than half of the cases (53.1%; 98/191 snakes). Predominantly, skin lesions were observed in adult snakes (72.8%; 139/191 snakes). Combined histological examinations and qPCR tests of skin lesions from N. helvetica sloughs and/or carcasses confirmed a diagnosis of ophidiomycosis. Further targeted surveillance, supported by molecular and histological examinations to confirm skin lesion aetiology, is required to determine the extent to which our findings reflect the occurrence of ophidiomycosis in populations within wider landscapes.
IInception-CBAM-IBiGRU based fault diagnosis method for asynchronous motors
Authors: Li Zhengting , Wang Peiliang , yang Zeyu , Li Xiangyang , Jia Ruining 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAiming at the problems of insufficient extraction of asynchronous motor fault features by traditional deep learning algorithms and poor diagnosis of asynchronous motor faults in robust noise environments, this paper proposes an end-to-end fault diagnosis method for asynchronous motors based on IInception-CBAM-IBiGRU. The method first uses a signal-to-grayscale image conversion method to convert one-dimensional vibration signals into two-dimensional images and initially extracts shallow features through two-dimensional convolution; then the Improved Inception (IInception) module is used as a residual block to learning features at different scales with a residual structure, and extracts its important feature information through the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to extract important feature information and adjust the weight parameters; then the feature information is input to the Improved Bi-directional Gate Recurrent Unit (IBiGRU) to extract its timing features further; finally, the fault identification is achieved by the SoftMax function. The primary hyperparameters in the model are optimized by the Weighted Mean Of Vectors Algorithm (INFO). The experimental results show that the method is effective in fault diagnosis of asynchronous motors, with an accuracy rate close to 100%, and can still maintain a high accuracy rate under the condition of low noise ratio, with good robustness and generalization ability.
Jewelry rock discrimination as interpretable data using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and a convolutional LSTM deep learning algorithm
Authors: Khalilian Pouriya , Rezaei Fatemeh , Darkhal Nazli , Karimi Parvin , Safi Ali , Palleschi Vincenzo , Melikechi Noureddine , Tavassoli Seyed Hassan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, the deep learning algorithm of Convolutional Neural Network long short-term memory (CNN–LSTM) is used to classify various jewelry rocks such as agate, turquoise, calcites, and azure from various historical periods and styles related to Shahr-e Sokhteh. Here, the CNN–LSTM architecture includes utilizing CNN layers for the extraction of features from input data mixed with LSTMs for supporting sequence forecasting. It should be mentioned that interpretable deep learning-assisted laser induced breakdown spectroscopy helped achieve excellent performance. For the first time, this paper interprets the Convolutional LSTM effectiveness layer by layer in self-adaptively obtaining LIBS features and the quantitative data of major chemical elements in jewelry rocks. Moreover, Lasso method is applied on data as a factor for investigation of interoperability. The results demonstrated that LIBS can be essentially combined with a deep learning algorithm for the classification of different jewelry songs. The proposed methodology yielded high accuracy, confirming the effectiveness and suitability of the approach in the discrimination process.
Development of high performance microwave absorption modified epoxy coatings based on nano-ferrites
Authors: Abd El-Gawad W. M. , Eldesouki E. M. , Abd El-Ghany W. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith the rapid spread of wireless technologies and increasing electromagnetic energy, electromagnetic waves (EMW) have become a severe threat to human health. Therefore, minimizing the harmful effects of electromagnetic wave radiation is possible through the development of high-efficiency EMW absorption coatings. The aim of this work was to generate microwave absorbance coatings containing synthesized nano-CuFe2O4 and nano-CaFe2O4. Firstly, nano-CuFe2O4 and nano-CaFe2O4 were synthesized using the sol–gel method. Then, their structure, electrical, dielectric, and magnetic properties were investigated to find out the possibility of using these materials in high-frequency applications (e.g., microwave absorbance coatings). After that, two dosages (2.5 wt% and 5 wt%) of nano-CuFe2O4 and nano-CaFe2O4 were incorporated into epoxy resin to prepare modified epoxy resin as microwave coatings. The dielectric studies show that the AC conductivity of the prepared samples is high at high frequencies. Additionally, the magnetic properties reveal a low coercivity value, making these samples suitable for high-frequency devices. The microwave results illustrate that adding nano-ferrites with high content enhances the absorption characteristics of the tested films. The results showed that the two films have two absorption bands with RL < –10 dB ranging from 10.61 to 10.97 GHz and from 10.25 to 11.2 GHz. The minimum return loss achieved for the two cases is −13 and −16 dB, respectively. Indicating that the film coated with CuFe has a better absorption value than the one coated with CaFe.
Periodic stub implementation with plasmonic waveguide as a slow-wave coupled cavity for optical refractive index sensing
Authors: Tabatabaeian Zahra Sadat , Kazemi Fatemeh , Zarrabi Ferdows B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOptical biosensors based on plasmonic nanostructures have attracted great interest due to their ability to detect small refractive index changes with high sensitivity. In this work, a novel plasmonic coupled cavity waveguide is proposed for refractive index sensing applications. The structure consists of a metal–insulator–metal waveguide side coupled to an array of asymmetric H-shape element, designed to provide dual-band resonances. The sharp transmission dips and large field enhancements associated with dual-band resonances can enable sensitive detection of material under test. The resonator array creates a slow light effect to improve light-matter interactions. The structure was simulated using the finite integration technique as the full-wave technique, and the sensitivity and figure of merit were extracted for different ambient refractive indices. The maximum sensitivity of 1774 nm/RIU and high figure of merit of 2 × 104 RIU−1 for the basic model and 1.15 × 105 RIU−1 for the modified model were achieved, demonstrating the potential for high-performance sensing. The unique transmission characteristics also allow for combined spectral shaping and detection over a broad bandwidth. The simple, compact geometry makes the design suitable for on-chip integration. This work demonstrates a promising refractive index sensor based on coupled dual-band resonators in a plasmonic waveguide.
Rising sea levels and the increase of shoreline wave energy at American Samoa
Authors: Barnes Austin T. , Becker Janet M. , Tagarino Kelley A. , O’Reilly William C. , Siegelman Mika , Thompson Philip R. , Merrifield Mark A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAmerican Samoa is experiencing rapid relative sea level rise due to increases in global sea level and significant post-2009 earthquake land subsidence, endangering homes and critical infrastructure. Wave and water-level observations collected over a fringing reef at Faga‘itua Bay, American Samoa, in 2017 reveal depth-limited shoreline sea-swell wave heights over the range of conditions sampled. Using field data to calibrate a one-dimensional, phase-resolving nonhydrostatic wave model (SWASH), we examine the influence of water level on wave heights over the reef for a range of current and future sea levels. Assuming a fixed reef bathymetry, model results predict rising sea levels will escalate nearshore extreme water levels that are dominated by an increase in nearshore sea-swell wave heights. Model results provide insight into how and at what reef depths rising sea levels reduce reef capacity to dissipate wave energy, compounding shoreline threats. This study aims to bring increased attention to the immediate threats to American Samoa’s way of life, and to demonstrate the utility of SWASH for extrapolating wave transformation to future sea level.
A technique for repeated blood and cerebrospinal fluid sampling from individual rats over time without the need for repeated anesthesia
Authors: Santandrea Erin , Aliakbari Farhang , Truscott Emily , McCaig Lynda , Donison Neil S. , Graham Danielle , Strong Michael J. , Volkening Kathryn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEthical animal use follows the 3R’s: Replacement, Reduction and Refinement. Here, we present the use of simultaneous jugular vein and cisterna magna catheterization via a port system in rats for repeated fluid sampling for 14 consecutive days without loss of catheter patency. This technique allows repeated intra-animal sampling without anesthesia and, if used with pooling samples from a cohort of animals, replaces the need for terminal collections for sufficient sample volumes.
Hypoxia suppresses glucose-induced increases in collective cell migration in vascular endothelial cell monolayers
Authors: Sone Kazuki , Sakamaki Yuka , Hirose Satomi , Inagaki Mai , Tachikawa Masanori , Yoshino Daisuke , Funamoto Kenichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBlood glucose levels fluctuate during daily life, and the oxygen concentration is low compared to the atmosphere. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) maintain vascular homeostasis by sensing changes in glucose and oxygen concentrations, resulting in collective migration. However, the behaviors of ECs in response to high-glucose and hypoxic environments and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the collective migration of ECs simultaneously stimulated by changes in glucose and oxygen concentrations. Cell migration in EC monolayer formed inside the media channels of microfluidic devices was observed while varying the glucose and oxygen concentrations. The cell migration increased with increasing glucose concentration under normoxic condition but decreased under hypoxic condition, even in the presence of high glucose levels. In addition, inhibition of mitochondrial function reduced the cell migration regardless of glucose and oxygen concentrations. Thus, oxygen had a greater impact on cell migration than glucose, and aerobic energy production in mitochondria plays an important mechanistic role. These results provide new insights regarding vascular homeostasis relative to glucose and oxygen concentration changes.
The effect of quiet eye training on golf putting performance in pressure situation
Authors: He Qiao , Liu Yunzhou , Yang Yongtao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo explores the effect and mechanism of quiet eye training on the accuracy of golfers´ putts in pressure situations and provides methods and basis for targeted attention training and control. 22 young golfers in China golf team aged from 13 to 18 were randomly assigned to the experimental group (quiet eye training group) and the control group (technical guidance group) according to gender. Both groups of participants underwent two consecutive weeks of push training (3 sets per day, 20 golf putts per set, rest for 3 min between sets) separately in accordance with the guidance of a professional psychological research group and an expert coach. Eye tracking technology, biofeedback technology, and subjective evaluation methods were used to test and analyze the push process of the two groups of participants before and after training under pressure situations (Eye movement behaviors and the heart rate were recorded by ASL Mobile Eye-XG and NeXus-2 biofeedback, pressure and state anxiety were evaluated by self-rating pressure scale and S-AI. Golf putting performance was recorded by a research graduate assistant). A higher hit ratio as well as lower pressure and SAI level was founded in quiet eye training group in the pressure situation, the quiet eye movement time and total fixation time was longer than technical group. The quiet eye training group has a better putting performance. Quiet eye training can improve the golf putting performance in pressure situations. After quiet eye training, the state anxiety decreased, the quiet eye movement time and the total fixation time increased in pressure situations.
Muscle-inspired bi-planar cable routing: a novel framework for designing cable driven lower limb rehabilitation exoskeletons (C-LREX)
Authors: Prasad Rajan , El-Rich Marwan , Awad Mohammad I. , Agrawal Sunil K. , Khalaf Kinda 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the research and development of Cable Driven Rehabilitation Devices (CDRDs) due to multiple inherent features attractive to clinical applications, including low inertia, lightweight, high payload-to-weight ratio, large workspace, and modular design. However, previous CDRDs have mainly focused on modifying motor impairment in the sagittal plane, despite the fact that neurological disorders, such as stroke, often involve postural control and gait impairment in multiple planes. To address this gap, this work introduces a novel framework for designing a cable-driven lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton which can assist with bi-planar impaired posture and gait. The framework used a lower limb model to analyze different cable routings inspired by human muscle architecture and attachment schemes to identify optimal routing and associated parameters. The selected cable routings were safeguarded for non-interference with the human body while generating bi-directional joint moments. The subsequent optimal cable routing model was then implemented in simulations of tracking reference healthy trajectory with bi-planar impaired gait (both in the sagittal and frontal planes). The results showed that controlling joints independently via cables yielded better performance compared to dependent control. Routing long cables through intermediate hinges reduced the peak tensions in the cables, however, at a cost of induced additional joint forces. Overall, this study provides a systematic and quantitative in silico approach, featured with accessible graphical user interface (GUI), for designing subject-specific, safe, and effective lower limb cable-driven exoskeletons for rehabilitation with options for multi-planar personalized impairment-specific features.
A road data assets revenue allocation model based on a modified Shapley value approach considering contribution evaluation
Authors: Li Shiwei , Chu Lei , Wang Jisen , Zhang Yuzhao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper constructs a two-layer road data asset revenue allocation model based on a modified Shapley value approach. The first layer allocates revenue to three roles in the data value realization process: the original data collectors, the data processors, and the data product producers. It fully considers and appropriately adjusts the revenue allocation to each role based on data risk factors. The second layer determines the correction factors for different roles to distribute revenue among the participants within those roles. Finally, the revenue values of the participants within each role are synthesized to obtain a consolidated revenue distribution for each participant. Compared to the traditional Shapley value method, this model establishes a revenue allocation evaluation index system, uses entropy weighting and rough set theory to determine the weights, and adopts a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and numerical analysis to assess the degree of contribution of participants. It fully accounts for differences in both the qualitative and quantitative contributions of participants, enabling a fairer and more reasonable distribution of revenues. This study provides new perspectives and methodologies for the benefit distribution mechanism in road data assets, which aid in promoting the market-based use of road data assets, and it serves as an important reference for the application of data assetization in the road transportation industry.
Population characteristics and diagnosis rate of chronic kidney disease by eGFR and proteinuria in Japanese clinical practice: an observational database study
Authors: Tanaka Tetsuhiro , Maruyama Shoichi , Chishima Noriharu , Akiyama Hiroki , Shimamoto Koji , Inokuchi Shoichiro , Yokota Keiji , Ozaki Asuka 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) guidelines recommend early identification and intervention to delay the progression of CKD. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) heatmap is widely used for risk evaluation in CKD management; however, real-world evidence on clinical characteristics based on the KDIGO heatmap remains limited worldwide including Japan. In order to understand the management of CKD including its diagnostic rates in a Japanese clinical setting on the basis of KDIGO heatmap, we utilized a medical record database that contains estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine protein data. Adult individuals (≥ 18 years) with two eGFR results of < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2, 90–360 days apart, were included. Approximately half of patients (452,996/788,059) had proteinuria test results and 6.9% (54,073) had quantitative results. CKD diagnosis rate in patients without proteinuria data was 5.9%, with a lower rate (2.9%) in stage G2; the corresponding rates with quantitative test results were 43.5% and 31.3%, respectively. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and their prevalence increased as the eGFR and proteinuria stages progressed. This study revealed a low rate of proteinuria assessment, especially using quantitative methods, and diagnosis in individuals with suspected CKD. With emerging treatment options to prevent CKD progression and complication onset, there is a need for early evaluation and diagnosis of CKD.
Comparison of blood loss between intra-articular microporous polysaccharide hemospheres powder and tranexamic acid following primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Jeon Young-Dae , Cha Jae-Ryong , Oh Jae-Min , Kim Sang-Gon , Park Ki-Bong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with substantial blood loss and tranexamic acid (TXA) effectively reduces postoperative bleeding. Although it is known that there is no difference between intravenous or intra-articular (IA) injection, the general interest is directed towards topical hemostatic agents regarding thromboembolic events in high-risk patients. This study aimed to compare the blood conservation effects of IA MPH powder and TXA in patients undergoing primary TKA. We retrospectively analyzed 103 patients who underwent primary TKA between June 2020 and December 2021. MPH powder was applied to the IA space before capsule closure (MPH group, n = 51). TXA (3 g) was injected via the drain after wound closure (TXA group, n = 52). All patients underwent drain clamping for three postoperative hours. The primary outcome was the drain output, and the secondary outcomes were the postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels during the hospitalization period and the perioperative blood transfusion rates. An independent Student’s t-test was used to determine differences between the two groups. The drain output in the first 24 h after surgery was significantly higher in the MPH group than in the TXA group. The postoperative Hb levels were significantly lower in the MPH group than in the TXA group. In patients with simultaneous bilateral TKA, there was a significant difference in the blood transfusion volumes and the rates between groups. It is considered that IA MPH powder cannot replace IA TXA because of an inferior efficacy in reducing blood loss and maintaining postoperative Hb levels in the early postoperative period after primary TKA. Moreover, in the case of simultaneous bilateral TKA, we do not recommend the use of IA MPH powder because it was notably less effective in the field of transfusion volume and rate.