bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Playing with Art
Authors: Bullivant Lucy 
Published: July 2007

AbstractDuring the last decade and a half, a revolution has been under way in London's public museums and galleries. Lucy Bullivant explains how the digital has emancipated institutions from their previous physical constrictions, enabling artworks to break out from behind glass and liberating artefacts from their sealed cabinets. The perception of permanent collections is being transformed, as visitors are encouraged to make new connections between objects and break down physical distances between separate gallery spaces. Another new level of interaction is being encouraged by specially commissioned installations that encourage the user to physically engage with art. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Otherwise Engaged: New Projects in Interactive Design
Authors: Garcia Mark 
Published: July 2007

AbstractWhat are the possibilities of interactive technologies delivering a new level of social engagement in architecture? Taking 2002, with the ETH Ada project and Diller & Scofidio's Braincoat project, as an important watershed, Mark Garcia reviews the advances that have been made per se, and with four projects in particular, in socially interactive spatial design. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shadow Play: The Participative Art of Scott Snibbe
Authors: Bullivant Lucy 
Published: July 2007

AbstractScott Snibbe aspires to an art that aids people to abandon their bodily inhibitions and ‘get out of their sense of their selves’. Lucy Bullivant profiles the work of this Californian artist and computer scientist, who is realising the potential of the ancient Chinese tradition of shadow play through an interactive digital media. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
I am a Camera: Electroland
Authors: Hart Hugh 
Published: July 2007

AbstractHugh Hart describes how West Coast practice Electroland has repurposed surveillance technology in an interactive installation in Top of the Rock ‐ the observation platform on top of Rockefeller Center, which has become one of New York's premier visitor attractions. This playful, seemingly whimsical public art is the product of a creative partnership between architect‐trained Cameron McNall and programmer Damon Seeley. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modular Mountain Retreat
Authors: Merkel Jayne 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThis prefabricated tree house in the Catskill Mountains two hours north of New York City nestles into its evergreen site. Designed by Joseph Tanney and Robert Luntz of Resolution: 4 Architecture, it combines two types of existing prefabricated components and two prototypes that the architects have developed out of their own research. Jayne Merkel explains how the design supports the owner's rugged outdoor lifestyle with an airy refined retreat that is tailored to the bachelor art director's particular needs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The US Solar Decathlon 2007
Authors: Yeang Ken 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAs the focus in the UK turns to the London Olympics in 2012, the Eco‐Maestro Ken Yeang brings our attention to an event on the other side of the Atlantic ‐ the US Solar Decathlon ‐ that offers teams of young designers the opportunity to flex their ecological muscles. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alternative approaches in detecting asymmetry in farm‐retail price transmission of fluid milk
Authors: Capps Oral , Sherwell Pablo 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTesting for asymmetric price transmission and calculating elasticities of price transmission are important areas of research for providing insights into market efficiency issues. We analyze the behavior of tests for asymmetry according to the conventional Houck approach and to the von Cramon‐Taubadel and Loy error correction model (ECM) approach. We also estimate the short‐run and long‐run elasticities of price transmission between the farm and retail levels of the marketing channel for whole milk and 2% milk for seven U.S. cities by model specification. We employ monthly data over the period from January 1994 to October 2002. Consistent with the extant literature, empirical results suggest that the farm‐retail price transmission process for milk is asymmetric. Price transmission elasticities, in conjunction with rising farm prices, are generally larger than corresponding elasticities associated with falling farm prices, but they all are quite inelastic. [JEL Classification: Q11, Q13]. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 23: 313–331, 2007.
Theoretical analysis of laminar flow of power‐law fluids in coiled tubing
Authors: Zhou Y. , Shah S. N. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA comprehensive theoretical study of the flow of power‐law fluid in coiled tubing by using the boundary layer approximation method is presented. First, a boundary layer approximation analysis was applied to the governing equations of continuity and motion of a power law fluid in the curved tubing flow geometry. Momentum integral equations for the boundary layer flow were then derived and solved numerically. The resulting solutions of the velocity field were used to develop a new friction factor correlation in terms of generalized Dean number, coiled tubing curvature ratio, and flow behavior index of the power law fluid model. The new correlation of this study and a previous correlation by Mashelkar and Devarajan were evaluated using experimental data obtained from full‐scale coiled tubing flow experiments. An excellent agreement was found between the new correlation and the experimental results. The Mashelkar and Devarajan correlation did not result in any acceptable agreement with the experimental data, nor did it match the Ito correlation for the limiting case of Newtonian fluids (n = 1). This work extends the range of applicability of the new correlation to fluids with flow behavior indices as low as 0.25, which would cover most fluids used for coiled tubing operations in the oil and gas industry as well as fluids used in other industries. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007
Basal ganglia neurotransmitter concentrations in rhesus monkeys following subchronic manganese sulfate inhalation
Authors: Struve Melanie F. , McManus Brian E. , Wong Brian A. , Dorman David C. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackgroundManganese neurotoxicity in humans is recognized as a form of parkinsonism with lesions occurring predominantly within the globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, putamen, and caudate nucleus.MethodsThis study evaluated dopamine, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, serotonin, norepinephrine, 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glutamate concentrations in the globus pallidus, caudate, and putamen of male rhesus monkeys exposed subchronically to either air or manganese sulfate (MnSO4) at 0.06, 0.3, or 1.5 mg Mn/m3.ResultsAn approximate 1.5–6‐fold increase (vs. air‐exposed controls) in mean brain manganese concentration was observed following subchronic MnSO4 exposure. A marginally significant (P < 0.1) decrease in pallidal GABA and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration and caudate norepinephrine concentration occurred in monkeys exposed to MnSO4 at 1.5 mg Mn/m3.ConclusionsDespite the presence of increased tissue manganese concentrations, high‐dose exposure to MnSO4 was associated with relatively few changes in basal ganglial neurotransmitter concentrations. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:772–778, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of temperature‐dependent moisture diffusivity in PMR‐15 resin
Authors: Yu Yunn‐Tzu , Pochiraju Kishore 
Published: July 2007

AbstractThe temperature‐dependent moisture diffusion behavior of high‐temperature polyimide resin, PMR‐15, is presented. Adsorption and high temperature desorption tests are used to experimentally determine moisture diffusivity at several temperatures. Diffusivity is determined from the weight change based on the initial slope and using a nonlinear regression technique with Fickian diffusion assumption. The basic test procedures and diffusivity values are presented in this study. The results also include the relative humidity (RH) dependent equilibrium moisture concentration and a relationship between the RH and equilibrium moisture concentration. As direct measurement at typical operating temperature may be precluded by blistering, an Arrhenius‐type temperature‐diffusivity relationship is used to estimate the temperature‐dependent moisture diffusivity for the PMR‐15 resin. The moisture diffusivity of PMR‐15 tested is estimated to be 6.64 E −10 m2/s at 288°C. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Synthesis and characterization of poly(butylene terephthalate)/mica nanocomposite fibers via in situ interlayer polymerization
Authors: Chang Jin‐Hae , Mun Mu Kyung , Kim Jeong‐Cheol 
Published: July 2007

AbstractIntercalated nanocomposites consisting of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) incorporated between mica layers were synthesized from dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and 1,4‐butanediol (BD) by in situ interlayer polymerization. PBT nanocomposites of varying organoclay content were melt‐spun to produce monofilaments. The samples were characterized using wide angle X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and tensile testing. Some of the clay particles were found to be well dispersed in the PBT matrix, but other clay particles were agglomerated at a size level greater than approximately 20 nm. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) and the thermal degradation properties (TDi) of undrawn PBT hybrid fibers were found to improve with increases in the clay content. At draw ratio (DR) = 1, the ultimate tensile strengths of the hybrid fibers increased with the addition of clay up to a critical content and then decreased. However, the initial moduli monotonically increased with increases in the amount of organoclay in the PBT matrix. The ultimate strengths were found to decrease linearly with increases in DR from 1 to 18. In contrast to the trend for the tensile strengths, the initial moduli of the hybrid fibers increased only slightly with increases in DR up to 18. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Flame‐retardant polyesters. II. Polyester polymers
Authors: Yang Seung‐Cheol , Kim Jae Pil 
Published: July 2007

AbstractTwo flame‐retardant polyesters were polymerized with two types of phosphorous flame retardants. 3‐(Hydroxyphenyl phosphinyl)propanoic acid (HPP) was used as a main‐chain type, and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐2,3‐dicarbonylpropyl‐10‐phosphophenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DI) was used as a pendant type. Polymerization was accomplished on a commercial scale with a three‐reactor system to exclude the compositional variation of oligomeric ethylene terephthalate. A longer polycondensation time and a higher dosage of the catalyst were necessary for DI with respect to HPP because of the high content and relatively low reactivity of the flame retardant. However, the content of diethylene glycol (DEG) in the polyester, which formed during the polymerization, was much higher in the case of HPP. The produced polyesters had almost the same molecular weight, but the DEG contents in the polyesters were quite different. The higher DEG content in the HPP polyester reduced the thermal stability. The greater flexibility of the HPP polyester chain resulted in easier crystallization and a lower crystalline temperature. The HPP polyester had higher susceptibility to thermal degradation because of low resistance to thermal chain scission, degraded at a lower temperature, and was more easily degraded because of a weak PO bond linkage in the main chain. The DI polyester, whose phosphorous atom was highly sterically hindered, showed better alkaline resistance than the HPP polyester because of the lower acidity and lower hydrophilic DEG content. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007
Production of biodiesel: possibilities and challenges
Authors: Al‐Zuhair Sulaiman 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBiodiesel, defined as monoalkyl fatty acid ester (preferentially methyl and ethyl esters), represents a promising alternative fuel for use in compression‐ignition (diesel) engines. Biodiesel fuel comes from renewable sources as it is plant‐ not petroleum‐derived and as such it is biodegradable and less toxic. In addition, relative to conventional diesel, its combustion products have reduced levels of particulates, carbon oxides, sulphur oxides and, under some conditions, nitrogen oxides. Enzymatic production of biodiesel has been proposed to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional chemically catalyzed processes. The main obstacle facing full exploitation of the enzyme, lipase, potential is its cost. Therefore, reuse of lipase is essential from the economic point of view, which can be achieved by using the lipase in immobilized form. In addition, immobilized lipase displays improved stability and activity. Common immobilization techniques include attachment to solid supports and entrapment within the matrix of a polymer. This article presents a comparison between conventional processes and enzymatic processes and different possible feedstocks for biodiesel production. In addition, possible ways to overcome the problems facing the use of lipase are described. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Cancer genome sequencing: The challenges ahead
Authors: Heng Henry H.Q. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractA major challenge for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Project is solving the high level of genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity of cancer. For the majority of solid tumors, evolution patterns are stochastic and the end products are unpredictable, in contrast to the relatively predictable stepwise patterns classically described in many hematological cancers. Further, it is genome aberrations, rather than gene mutations, that are the dominant factor in generating abnormal levels of system heterogeneity in cancers. These features of cancer could significantly reduce the impact of the sequencing approach, as it is only when mutated genes are the main cause of cancer that directly sequencing them is justified. Many biological factors (genetic and epigenetic variations, metabolic processes) and environmental influences can increase the probability of cancer formation, depending on the given circumstances. The common link between these factors is the stochastic genome variations that provide the driving force behind the cancer evolutionary process within multiple levels of a biological system. This analysis suggests that cancer is a disease of probability and the most‐challenging issue to the TCGA project, as well as the development of general strategies for fighting cancer, lie at the conceptual level. BioEssays 29:783–794, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A theoretical framework for CNS arousal
Authors: Pfaff Donald , Banavar Jayanth R. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractRapid changes of state in central nervous systems (CNS), as required following stimuli that must arouse the CNS from a quiescent state in order to activate a behavioral response, constitute a particularly appropriate application of non‐linear dynamics. Chaotic dynamics would provide tremendous amplification of neuronal activity needed for CNS arousal, sensitively dependent on the initial state of the CNS. This theoretical approach is attractive because it supposes dynamics that are deterministic and it links the elegant mathematics of chaos to the conception of a fundamental property of the CNS. However, a living system must be able to exit from chaotic dynamics in order to avoid widely divergent, biologically impossible outcomes. We hypothesize that, analogous to phase transitions in a liquid crystal, CNS arousal systems, having ‘woken up the brain’ to activate behavior, go through a phase transition and emerge under the control of orderly movement control systems. BioEssays 29:803–810, 2007. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cerebral ischemia, cell cycle elements and Cdk5
Authors: Timsit Serge , Menn Bénédicte 
Published: July 2007

AbstractStroke is a devastating disorder that significantly contributes to death, disability, and healthcare costs. New therapeutic strategies have been recently focusing on the development of neuroprotective agents that could halt the underlying mechanisms of neuronal death leading to brain damage. Accumulating evidence implicates proteins that are normally involved in the regulation of the cell cycle to neuronal death following ischemic insult, suggesting that these proteins could be suitable targets for stroke therapy. In this brief review, we present in vitro and in vivo arguments linking cell cycle molecules, i.e., cyclins, mitotic cyclin‐dependent kinases (Cdks), as well as non‐mitotic Cdk5, to ischemic neuronal death. We also report the evaluation of the potential of Cdk inhibitors as neuroprotective strategy for ischemic injury.
Facets of psychopathy, Axis II traits, and behavioral dysregulation among jail detainees
Authors: Rogers Richard , Jordan Mandy J. , Harrison Kimberly S. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractForensic evaluations of offender populations often consider psychopathy as an integral component of these consultations. Vexing issues remain of whether psychopathic traits should be evaluated consistently irrespective of demographic characteristics (e.g. gender), comorbidity (e.g. other Axis II pathology), or setting (e.g. jail or community). The current study examined gender differences for psychopathy and Axis II traits in a nonreferred jail sample of predominantly nonviolent offenders. Participants with moderate to high levels of psychopathy evidenced substantial comorbidity, especially with Cluster B personality disorders. Facets of psychopathy and Axis II traits varied substantially across both genders. In addition, the research evaluated Lynam's Hyperactivity, Impulsivity, and Attention difficulties (HIA) model of psychopathy. These initial data found little support for the HIA model in this jail sample. In testing competing hypotheses, the HIA model was substantially better at predicting Cluster B traits than psychopathy per se. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The place and function of power in community psychology: philosophical and practical issues
Authors: Fisher Adrian T. , Sonn Christopher C. , Evans Scot D. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractMuch of the training of psychologists in the western world follows a logical positivist, scientist‐practitioner model based in scientific objectivity and removed from politics. In this paper, we explore issues around alternative understandings of the role and place of psychologists and psychological actions. In so doing, we discuss a number of issues of ontology, epistemology and pragmatics to demonstrate that the role and function of power in our society need to be addressed more directly and more politically in order for us to successfully achieve our roles as community psychologists. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term outcome of simultaneous kissing stenting technique with sirolimus‐eluting stent for large bifurcation coronary lesions
Authors: Kim Young‐Hak , Park Duk‐Woo , Suh Il‐Woo , Jang Jae‐Sik , Hwang Eui‐Seock , Jeong Young‐Hoon , Lee Se‐Whan , Lee Seung‐Whan , Lee Cheol Whan , Hong Myeong‐Ki , Kim Jae‐Joong , Park Seong‐Wook , Park Seung‐Jung 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives:This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of simultaneous kissing stenting with sirolimus‐eluting stent (SES).Background:Percutaneous intervention for bifurcation coronary lesions is still challenging.Methods:This study was designed to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of 36 consecutive patients with large bifurcation coronary lesions who underwent simultaneous kissing stenting with SES.Results:Lesion location was unprotected left main in 29 patients (81%) and anterior descending artery in 7 (19%). The patients received a combination of aspirin and clopidogrel for 6 months and cilostazol for 1 month. Mean proximal reference diameter was 4.05 ± 0.68 mm. Compared with the side branch (SB), the main vessel (MV) involved longer lesions (25.8 ± 17.0 mm vs. 10.2 ± 10.8 mm, P < 0.001) and smaller preprocedural minimal lumen diameters (1.02 ± 0.53 mm vs. 1.46 ± 0.78 mm, P = 0.006) and was treated with larger stents (3.1 ± 0.3 mm vs. 3.0 ± 0.3 mm, P = 0.006). Angiographic success rate was 100%. Over the follow‐up of 26.7 ± 8.6 months, no deaths, myocardial infarctions or stent thromboses occurred. Target lesion revascularization was performed in five patients (14%). Overall angiographic restenosis occurred in 5/30 patients (17%), consisting of 4 (13%) at MV and 3 (10%) at SB. At follow‐up angiography, a membranous diaphragm at the carina was identified in 14 patients (47%), but only one of whom was associated with angiographic restenosis.Conclusion:Simultaneous kissing stenting with SES appears a feasible stenting technique in large bifurcation coronary lesions. However, a new angiographic structure of carinal membrane developed in a half of patients at follow‐up and its influence needs to be further investigated. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New transcatheter techniques for creation or enlargement of atrial septal defects in infants with complex congenital heart disease
Authors: Pedra Carlos A.C. , Neves Juliana R. , Pedra Simone R.F. , Ferreiro Carlos R. , Jatene Ieda , Cortez Tâmara M. , Jatene Marcelo , Souza Luis Carlos B. , Assad Renato , Fontes Valmir F. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives:To describe a series of 8 consecutive infants (5 with transposition of the great arteries [TGA] and 3 with hypoplastic left heart syndrome [HLHS]) who underwent nonconventional septostomy techniques.Background:For some complex congenital heart defects, an unrestrictive atrial septal defect (ASD) is essential to achieve an adequate cardiac output and/or systemic saturation. In some scenarios, the use of conventional septostomy techniques may be technically difficult, hazardous, and/or ineffective.Methods:Use of transhepatic approach, cutting balloons, and radiofrequency perforation with stenting of the atrial septum.Results:The size of the ASD and the oxygen saturation increased in all patients with no major complications. In those with TGA, the ASDs were considered to be of good size at the arterial switch operation. Two of the 3 patients with hybrid palliation for HLHS have developed some degree of obstruction within the interatrial stent over 2–3 months. At surgery, the stents were found to be secured within the septum with one showing significant fibrous ingrowth after uneventful removal. The other had some nonobstructive ingrowth.Conclusions:Creation or enlargement of ASDs in infants using new nonconventional transcatheter techniques is feasible, safe, and effective, at least in the short‐to‐mid‐term follow‐up. Infants with TGA seem to benefit the most because the procedure results in satisfactory clinical stability for subsequent early surgical intervention. In infants with HLHS palliated by a hybrid approach, stent implantation to the atrial septum seems to buy enough time to bring them to the phase II safely despite progressive in‐stent obstruction. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.