bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A panoramic view of the virosphere in three wastewater treatment plants by integrating viral‐like particle‐concentrated and traditional non‐concentrated metagenomic approaches
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Tang Aixi , Jin Tao , Sun Deshou , Guo Fangliang , Lei Huaxin , Lin Lin , Shu Wensheng , Yu Pingfeng , Li Xiaoyan , Li Bing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWastewater biotreatment systems harbor a rich diversity of microorganisms, and the effectiveness of biotreatment systems largely depends on the activity of these microorganisms. Specifically, viruses play a crucial role in altering microbial behavior and metabolic processes throughout their infection phases, an aspect that has recently attracted considerable interest. Two metagenomic approaches, viral‐like particle‐concentrated (VPC, representing free viral‐like particles) and non‐concentrated (NC, representing the cellular fraction), were employed to assess their efficacy in revealing virome characteristics, including taxonomy, diversity, host interactions, lifestyle, dynamics, and functional genes across processing units of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Our findings indicate that each approach offers unique insights into the viral community and functional composition. Their combined use proved effective in elucidating WWTP viromes. We identified nearly 50,000 viral contigs, with Cressdnaviricota and Uroviricota being the predominant phyla in the VPC and NC fractions, respectively. Notably, two pathogenic viral families, Asfarviridae and Adenoviridae, were commonly found in these WWTPs. We also observed significant differences in the viromes of WWTPs processing different types of wastewater. Additionally, various phage‐derived auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) were active at the RNA level, contributing to the metabolism of the microbial community, particularly in carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus cycling. Moreover, we identified 29 virus‐carried antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with potential for host transfer, highlighting the role of viruses in spreading ARGs in the environment. Overall, this study provides a detailed and integrated view of the virosphere in three WWTPs through the application of VPC and NC metagenomic approaches. Our findings enhance the understanding of viral communities, offering valuable insights for optimizing the operation and regulation of wastewater treatment systems.
Reliability of an ultrasound imaging acquisition procedure for examining osteoarthritis in the first metatarsophalangeal joint
Authors: Molyneux Prue , Bowen Catherine , Ellis Richard , Rome Keith , Fitzgerald Kate , Clark Phillip , Carroll Matthew 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveGiven the ability of ultrasound imaging (USI) to depict tissue‐specific morphological changes before the onset of pain and before the point of irreversible structural damage, USI could play a fundamental role in earlier detection and assessment of foot osteoarthritis (OA). The current guidelines require further refinement of anatomical landmarks to establish a standardized imaging procedure to improve the interpretability and reproducibility between studies evaluating the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ). The aims were to develop an USI acquisition procedure and grading system to examine OA features in the first MTPJ and to determine intra‐examiner and inter‐examiner reliability of a newly developed USI acquisition procedure.DesignThirty participants with first MTPJ OA confirmed radiographically with the use of the La Trobe Foot Atlas were included. An experienced sonographer applied a newly developed USI procedure to examine the following features: joint effusion, synovial hypertrophy, synovitis, joint space narrowing, osteophytes, and cartilage thickness. A semiquantitative grading system was applied to all features. A continuous measure was also examined for osteophyte size, joint space narrowing, and cartilage thickness. To determine the intra‐examiner and inter‐examiner reliability, an experienced radiologist and sonographer applied the developed grading system to the images acquired from two imaging sessions. Intra‐examiner and inter‐examiner reliability were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsICCs for intra‐examiner between session reliability ranged from 0.58 to 0.92 for semiquantitative grading and 0.39 to 0.94 for continuous measures. Joint effusion and osteophytes achieved the highest intra‐examiner reliability (ICC = 0.78–0.94). ICCs for session one inter‐examiner reliability ranged from 0.61 to 1.0 for semiquantitative grading; all continuous measures had an ICC of 1. ICCs for session two inter‐examiner reliability ranged from 0.55 to 1.0 for semiquantitative grading and 0.9 to 0.97 for continuous measures. Inter‐examiner reliability was good for grading joint effusion (ICC = 0.55–0.62) and was excellent for all other USI features (ICC = 0.77–1.0).ConclusionThe USI acquisition procedure and grading system are reliable in evaluating first MTPJ OA features in participants with radiologically confirmed OA. The study will inform the methodological development of an ultrasound atlas for grading the degree of osteoarthritic change in the first MTPJ.
Insights into the genomic features and lifestyle of B1 subcluster mycobacteriophages
Authors: Das Ritam , Arora Ritu , Nadar Kanika , Saroj Saroj , Singh Amit K. , Patil Shripad A. , Raman Sunil K. , Misra Amit , Bajpai Urmi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBacteriophages infecting Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155 are numerous and, hence, are classified into clusters based on nucleotide sequence similarity. Analyzing phages belonging to clusters/subclusters can help gain deeper insights into their biological features and potential therapeutic applications. In this study, for genomic characterization of B1 subcluster mycobacteriophages, a framework of online tools was developed, which enabled functional annotation of about 55% of the previously deemed hypothetical proteins in B1 phages. We also studied the phenotype, lysogeny status, and antimycobacterial activity of 10 B1 phages against biofilm and an antibiotic‐resistant M. smegmatis strain (4XR1). All 10 phages belonged to the Siphoviridae family, appeared temperate based on their spontaneous release from the putative lysogens and showed antibiofilm activity. The highest inhibitory and disruptive effects on biofilm were 64% and 46%, respectively. This systematic characterization using a combination of genomic and experimental tools is a promising approach to furthering our understanding of viral dark matter.
Leu promotes C2C12 cell differentiation by regulating the GSK3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway through facilitating the interaction between SESN2 and RPN2
Authors: Liu Yifan , Li Jinping , Ding Cong , Tong Huili , Yan Yunqin , Li Shuang , Li Shufeng , Cao Yunkao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDLeucine (Leu) is an essential amino acid that facilitates skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation, yet its mechanism remains underexplored. Sestrin2 (SESN2) serves as a Leu sensor, binding directly to Leu, while ribophorin II (RPN2) acts as a signaling factor in multiple pathways. This study aimed to elucidate Leu's impact on mouse C2C12 cell differentiation and skeletal muscle injury repair by modulating RPN2 expression through SESN2, offering a theoretical foundation for clinical skeletal muscle injury prevention and treatment.RESULTSLeu addition promoted C2C12 cell differentiation compared to the control, enhancing early differentiation via myogenic determinant (MYOD) up‐regulation. Sequencing revealed SESN2 binding to and interacting with RPN2. RPN2 overexpression up‐regulated MYOD, myogenin and myosin heavy chain 2, concurrently decreased p‐GSK3β and increased nuclear β‐catenin. Conversely, RPN2 knockdown yielded opposite results. Combining RPN2 knockdown with Leu rescued increased p‐GSK3β and decreased nuclear β‐catenin compared to Leu absence. Hematoxylin and eosin staining results showed that Leu addition accelerated mouse muscle damage repair, up‐regulating Pax7, MYOD and RPN2 in the cytoplasm, and nuclear β‐catenin, confirming that the role of Leu in muscle injury repair was consistent with the results for C2C12 cells.CONCLUSIONLeu, bound with SESN2, up‐regulated RPN2 expression, activated the GSK3β/β‐catenin pathway, enhanced C2C12 differentiation and expedited skeletal muscle damage repair. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Use of mushrooms as antioxidants in a lipid oxidation model under indirect and direct oxidation tests: ethanolic extracts of Ganoderma resinaceum and Phlebopus bruchii
Authors: Mariani Maria Elisa , Juncos Nicolle Stefani , Grosso Nelson Rubén , Olmedo Rubén Horacio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDFoods contain lipids that are easily susceptible to oxidation, which can modify their sensory properties. Although these compounds provide characteristic flavours and odours, there are also unwanted compounds, such as volatile secondary oxidation products, representing a recurring problem for both the industry and consumers. Synthetic antioxidants are often employed to prevent this but their chronic consumption can be detrimental to human health. The present study evaluates the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extracts from Ganoderma resinaceum and Phlebopus bruchii using an accelerated oxidation test.RESULTSThe composition profile of the extracts was investigated, identifying the presence of tryptophan, quinic acid, caffeic acid and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylglycol‐phenolic acid. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in sunflower oil that was oven‐heated at 60 °C. Chemical (peroxide value, p‐anisidine value and conjugated dienes) and volatile (2‐octenal, 2‐heptenal and 2,4‐decadienal) indicators were measured over 28 days. The peroxide value decreased for both extracts at a similar level to that of BHT 0.02% w/w, and conjugate dienes decreased in the presence of G. resinaceum 0.1% w/w. Meanwhile, p‐anisidine exhibited a slightly greater decrease for P. bruchii 0.1% w/w than for BHT. The sample with 0.1% w/w of extracts showed a reduction in volatile secondary oxidation compounds, indicating significant antioxidant activity.CONCLUSIONBased on these results, both extracts could be proposed as potential antioxidants in foods with a high lipid content. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Biochemical profiling and antioxidant activity analysis of commercially relevant seaweeds from northwest Europe
Authors: McDonnell Adam , Luck Tobias , Nash Róisín , Touzet Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe drive towards ensuring the sustainability of bioresources has been linked with better valorising primary materials and developing biorefinery pipelines. Seaweeds constitute valuable coastal resources with applications in the bioenergy, biofertiliser, nutrition, pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. Owing to the various sought‐after metabolites they possess, several seaweed species are commercially exploited throughout Western Europe, including Ireland. Here, four commercially relevant brown (Fucus serratus and Fucus vesiculosus) and red (Chondrus crispus and Mastocarpus stellatus) seaweed species were sampled during a spring tide in July 2021 on moderately exposed shores across three coastal regions in the west of Ireland.RESULTSSignificant regional differences were identified when specimens were analysed for carbohydrates (max. 80.3 μg glucose eq mg−1 DW), proteins (max. 431.3 μg BSA eq. mg−1 DW), lipids (max. 158.6 mg g−1 DW), pigment signature and antioxidant potential. Protein content for F. serratus recorded a twofold difference between northern and southern specimens. The antioxidant potential of F. vesiculosus and M. stellatus returned greater activity compared to F. serratus and C. crispus, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed a clear latitudinal pattern across the three western coastal regions (north, west and south) for both F. vesiculosus and F. serratus.CONCLUSIONF. vesiculosus thalli from the northwest were richer in pigment content while the F. serratus thalli from the northwest were richer in antioxidants. Such biogeographic patterns in the biochemical make‐up of seaweeds need consideration for the development of regional integrated aquaculture systems and the optimisation of the biomass content for targeted downstream applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Perioperative Delta Weight and Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Resolution after Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Dang Quynh‐Chi L. , Ulualp Seckin , Mitchell Ron B. , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: March 2024

Objective(s)The first‐line treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is adenotonsillectomy. Post‐operative weight gain is a well‐documented phenomenon. We hypothesized that higher peri‐adenotonsillectomy delta weight correlates with lower rates of OSA resolution in pediatric patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study consisting of 250 patients from 2 to 17 years of age at a tertiary academic medical center between January 2021 and December 2022. Polysomnography results and body mass index (BMI) changes were collected through the electronic health record. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analyses were performed, adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsPerioperative delta weight and pre‐operative baseline AHI values were significant predictors of residual OSA. For every 1‐kilogram gain in weight, the odds of residual OSA (AHI >5) increase by 6.0% (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.10, p < 0.002), and the odds of residual severe OSA (AHI > 10) increase by 8% (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04–1.12, p < 0.001). Increased AHI, Black/African American race, and male sex were also factors associated with incomplete OSA resolution.ConclusionsIncreased peri‐adenotonsillectomy delta weight is associated with higher rates of residual OSA in children. Patients and families should be counseled about appropriate weight loss and control methods before adenotonsillectomy.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 134:4141–4147, 2024
Peptide Sequence Variations Govern Hydrogel Stiffness: Insights from a Multi‐Scale Structural Analysis of H‐FQFQFK‐NH2Peptide Derivatives
Authors: De Maeseneer Tess , Cauwenbergh Thibault , Gardiner James , White Jacinta F. , Thielemans Wim , Martin Charlotte , Moldenaers Paula , Ballet Steven , Cardinaels Ruth 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThroughout the past decades, amphipathic peptide‐based hydrogels have proven to be promising materials for biomedical applications. Amphipathic peptides are known to adopt β‐sheet configurations that self‐assemble into fibers that then interact to form a hydrogel network. A fundamental understanding of how the peptide sequence alters the structural properties of the hydrogels would allow for a more rational design of novel peptides for a variety of biomedical applications in the future. Therefore, the current work investigates how changing the type of amino acid, the amphipathic pattern, and the peptide length affects the secondary structure, fiber characteristics, and stiffness of peptide‐based hydrogels. Hereto, seven amphipathic peptides of different sequence and length, four of which have not been previously reported, based on and including the hexapeptide H‐Phe‐Gln‐Phe‐Gln‐Phe‐Lys‐NH2, are synthesized and thoroughly characterized by circular dichroism (CD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Wide Angle X‐ray Scattering (WAXS), Small Angle X‐ray Scattering (SAXS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Thioflavin T (ThT) fibrillization assays. The results show that a high amount of regularly spaced β‐sheets, a high amount of fibers, and fiber bundling contribute to the stiffness of the hydrogel. Furthermore, a study of the time‐dependent fibril formation process reveals complex transient dynamics. The peptide strands structure through an intermediate helical state prior to β‐sheet formation, which is found to be concentration‐ and time‐dependent.
Drug procurement and coordination decision under non‐directed donation behavior
Authors: Shan Renbang , Luo Li 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe frequent occurrence of public emergencies seriously threatens human health. As the supplier of drugs, besides producing drugs, pharmaceutical manufacturers also actively launch drug donations. However, whether this donation will affect the procurement decisions of hospital pharmacies and help relieve the supply pressure is worthy of attention. This paper aims to analyze the procurement and donation decisions under non‐directed donation scenario. Besides, we extend the application of collaborative decisions in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Our results point out that donations made by the pharmaceutical manufacturer always benefit the hospital pharmacy and the pharmaceutical supply chain system, and only in certain circumstances can it make itself more profitable. In non‐directed donation scenario, drug donation and procurement quantities under centralized decision are always higher than that under decentralized decision. The social collaborative decision has more advantages in improving members' decisions and profits. The coordination effect of collaborative decisions is often better when there are significant fluctuations in the wholesale price. Through our analysis, it can provide a reference for pharmacies and pharmaceutical manufacturers to make appropriate procurement and donation decisions.
Genomic investigation and nationwide tracking of pediatric invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella in China
Authors: Ke Yefang , Teng Lin , Zhu Zhe , Lu Wenbo , Liu Wenyuan , Zhou Haiyang , Yu Qi , Ye Lina , Zhu Pan , Zhao Guoping , Yue Min 
Published: March 2024

Impact StatementInvasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) causes significant concern with ~15% morbidity, affecting populations mainly in African countries. However, iNTS infections among the Chinese pediatric population remain largely unknown. Here, we conducted a genomic investigation to study pediatric iNTS infections in a Chinese hospital. iNTS isolates accounted for 15.2% (18/119) of all nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) strains. Compared to non‐iNTS isolates, iNTS isolates harbored a lower prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant genes of fluoroquinolones and β‐lactams, as well as disinfectant determinants and plasmids, but carried a significantly higher prevalence of cdtB, faeCDE, and tcpC genes. Importantly, we detected an emerging serovar Goldcoast as the predominant iNTS serovar locally. By integrating 320 global Goldcoast genomes based on the One Health samplings, we conducted nationwide phylogenomic tracking and detected repeated human‐to‐human transmission events among iNTS cases caused by an underestimated serovar Goldcoast. Together, our exploratory genomic approach highlights a new trend in pediatric iNTS infections.
Wo befinden wir uns in der digitalen Transformation wirklich?
Authors: Ortmeyer Jochen , Hausen Daniela , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDamit der Übergang ins Zeitalter der digitalen Chemie gelingt, ist ein kultureller Wandel in der Community notwendig. Forschungsdaten entstehen zum Beispiel bei der Synthese von Substanzen, der Aufnahme von Spektren oder beim Anwenden quantenchemischer Methoden und müssen dokumentiert, archiviert und zur Nachnutzung verfügbar gemacht werden – doch wie behandeln Chemiker:innen ihre Forschungsdaten tatsächlich?
Nachruf: Jens Volker Kratz (1944 – 2024)
Authors: Walther Clemens 
Published: March 2024

AbstractJens Volker Kratz war Mitherausgeber des Fachorgans Radiochimica Acta. Er gehörte sieben Jahre dem Vorstand der Fachgruppe Nuklearchemie an, zwei davon als deren Vorsitzender.
Dynamic mobility and handover management in software‐defined networking‐based fifth‐generation heterogeneous networks
Authors: Khan Adil , Ahmad Shabeer , Ali Ihsan , Hayat Babar , Tian Yanan , Liu Weixing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe adoption and application of mobile communication technology have rapidly escalated, leading to a significant upsurge in the demand of data traffic. Ultra‐densification stands as one of the network solutions within the realm of 5G and beyond technologies, aimed to enhance data rates and network capacity. Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) are deployed with different types of small cells (SCs) in mobile networks to provide high capacity, data rate, throughput, and low latency communication. HetNet solves the problem of network densification at the expense of mobility management problems such as ping‐pong handover, unnecessary handovers, handover delay, and cell load. This paper introduces an enhanced optimal cell selection technique employing software‐defined networking (SDN) to tackle the challenges of handover and mobility management in 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) HetNet. The proposed SDN‐based cell selection scheme leverages linear programming (LP) to manage the mobility of users dynamically, facilitating the selection of the optimal cell for user equipment (UE) handover. This selection is based on multi‐attribute decision‐making criteria, which include user direction, received signal strength (RSS) value, cell load, and dwell time. By applying LP, computational overhead during cell selection is significantly reduced. The results indicate that the proposed scheme leads to a 39% reduction in number of handovers. This reduction signifies a substantial advancement in mitigating issues associated with frequent and unnecessary handovers, ultimately leading to minimized signaling overhead between UE and cells. Moreover, the proposed solution outperformed the existing scheme in terms of system's throughput and selects an optimal target cell with a lower cell load.
Collaborative transportation for attended home deliveries
Authors: Elting Steffen , Ehmke Jan Fabian , Gansterer Margaretha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAttended home deliveries (AHDs) are characterized by dynamic customer acceptance and narrow customer‐specific delivery time windows. Both impede efficient routing and thus make AHDs very costly. In this article, we explore how established horizontal collaborative transportation planning methods can be adapted to render AHDs more efficient. The general idea is to enable request reallocation between multiple collaborating carriers after the order capture phase. We use an established centralized reallocation framework that allows participating carriers to submit delivery requests for reallocation. We extend this framework for AHD specifics such as the dynamic arrival of customer requests and information about delivery time windows. Using realistic instances based on the city of Vienna, we quantify the collaboration savings by solving the underlying routing and reallocation problems. We show that narrow time windows can lower the savings obtainable by the reallocation by up to 15%. Therefore, we suggest enhancing the decision processes of request selection and request bundling using information about delivery time windows. Our findings demonstrate that adapting methods of request selection and bundle generation to environments with narrow time windows can increase collaboration savings by up to 25% and 35%, respectively in comparison to methods that work well only when no time windows are imposed.