bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juxtaposition of N‐myc and Igk through a reciprocal t(6;12) translocation in a mouse plasmacytoma
Authors: Axelson Håkan , Wang Yisong , Silva Santiago , Mattei Marie‐Geneniève , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNearly all mouse plasmacytomas (MPCs) carry an Ig/myc translocation. Any one of the three lg loci may participate, while the myc contribution has been limited to c‐myc, excluding other members of the myc gene family. The same is true for the other two known lg/myc translocation‐carrying tumors, Burkitt's lymphoma and rat immunocytoma. It is believed that the lg/myc juxtaposition plays a decisive, rate limiting role in the genesis of the three tumors, acting through the constitutive activation of myc that makes it refractory to normal regulation. Here we describe the molecular analysis of a unique t(6;12)(CI;B) translocation that we previously identified in an exceptional MPC that expressed N‐myc but not c‐myc. We now show that the translocation led to the juxtaposition of N‐myc and lgx. This is the first case of an lg/myc‐carrying tumor that involves N‐myc rather than c‐myc. These findings suggest that the translocation may already have occurred at the pro‐ or pre‐B cell stage at which N‐myc is open for transcription. According to this interpretation, constitutive activation of N‐myc would suppress the expression of c‐myc, but would not interfere with the differentiation of the pro‐B cell into a fully mature plasma cell. Its tumorigenic influence would become manifest only at the time when the cell would normally be programmed to leave the cycling compartment, in connection with its terminal differentiation.
Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with t(10;11)(p13;q23): Heterogeneity of breakpoints at 11q23 and association with recombinase activation
Authors: Height Susan E. , Dainton Melissa G. , Kearney Lyndal , Swansbury G. John , Matutes Estella , Dyer Martin J. S. , Treleaven Jennie G. , Powles Ray L. , Catovsky Daniel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe human trithorax homolog gene (MLL) is directly involved in over 90% of cases of acute leukemia with abnormalities of 11q23. However, involvement of other genes at 11q23 both centromeric and telomeric of MLL has been identified in different subtypes of leukemia and lymphoma. We describe a case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML; FAB type M4) with t(10;11)(p13;q23) in which the breakpoint at 11q23 was centromeric to the MLL gene and distinct from the breakpoint seen in promyelocytic leukemias with t(11;17)(q23;q22), thus providing further evidence of heterogeneity of breakpoints in 11q23 in acute leukemia. Rearrangements of immunoglobulin (IG) and T‐cell receptor (TCR) genes were also observed, with no immunophenotypic evidence for commitment to the lymphoid lineages, indicating that inappropriate activation of the recombinases may be a feature of this particular variant translocation.
Aneusomy of chromosomes 7 and 17 detected by fish in prostate cancer and the effects of selection in vitro
Authors: Jones Emma , Zhu Xiao Lin , Rohr L. Ralph , Stephenson Robert A. , Brothman Arthur R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty prostate tumor specimens, obtained from radical prostatectomies, and two lymph node metastases were examined by classical and molecular cytogenetic methods. A sample from each tumor was analyzed histologically and used for touch preparations. Adjacent samples were used for preparation of single‐cell suspensions before cell culture (DirFISH) and for establishing cell cultures, which were subsequently harvested for classical G‐banding analysis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on touch preparations, DirFISH, and cells obtained from tissue culture. Biotinylated pericentromeric probes for chromosomes 7 and 17, in addition to a digoxigenin‐labeled X‐chromosome probe, were used in a dual‐color FISH assay. The results indicated that, in uncultured tumor cells, chromosome 17 was lost in 55% of specimens, chromosome 7 was gained in 16% of specimens, and 9% of specimens showed large tetraploid populations. After cell culture, 23% of specimens showed loss of chromosome 17, no specimens showed gain of chromosome 7, and no tetraploid populations were present. This study suggests that loss of chromosome 17 may play an important role in the development of prostate cancer, and that genetic changes observed after selection in vitro may not represent those in the original tumor.
Trisomy 2, trisomy 20, and del(17p) as sole chromosomal abnormalities in three cases of hepatoblastoma
Authors: Tonk Vijay S. , Wilson Kathleen S. , Timmons Charles F. , Schneider Nancy R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractShort‐term cultures of three hepatoblastomas were analyzed cytogenetically. Trisomy 2, trisomy 20, and a deletion of 17p were found as the sole abnormalities, yielding the karyotypes 47,XY, + 2; 47,XX, + 20; and 46,XX,del(17)(p12)/46,XX. This is the first reported case of deletion of 17p as the sole chromosomal abnormality in a hepatoblastoma and the first reported case of trisomy 20 without double minute chromosomes as a sole chromosomal abnormality in hepatoblastoma.
Nonrandom loss of human chromosome 3 fragments from mouse‐human microcell hybrids following progressive growth in SCID mice
Authors: Imreh Stephan , Kholodnyuk Irina , Allikmetts Rando , Stanbridge Eric J. , Zabarovsky Eugene R. , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMicrocell hybrid lines of A9 mouse fibrosarcoma containing complete or partially deleted human chromosomes 3 (chr. 3) were inoculated into SCID mice. Cell lines derived from the tumors were examined by fluorescent in situ hybridization for the status of the transferred human chromosome and by PCR for marker loss. The SCID tumors arising after the inoculation of 105 cells were passaged serially in vivo and regularly showed loss of four markers; D3S1029 (3p21.3–21.2), AP20R (3p22–21.3.) D3S32 (3p21.3‐p21.2), and THRB (3p24). This regularly deleted region is bordered by markers GNA12 (3p21.1‐p21.3) and VHL (3p25) that were maintained in a fraction of tumors. Fragments derived from the long arm of chromosome 3 and corresponding markers in the 3q26‐q28 region were retained in all tumors. Our findings may be related to the postulated presence of tumor suppressor genes in the 3p24‐p21 region as indicated by the frequent deletion of this region in renal and small cell lung carcinomas and other solid tumors. The technically cumbersome identification of suppressor genes may be supplemented by an “elimination test” based on analogous principles.
Management of attentional resources in within‐modal and cross‐modal divided attention tasks: An fMRI study
Authors: Vohn Rene , Fimm Bruno , Weber Jochen , Schnitker Ralph , Thron Armin , Spijkers Will , Willmes Klaus , Sturm Walter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present study, we were interested in distinguishing the cortical representations of within‐modal and cross‐modal divided attention tasks by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Sixteen healthy male subjects aged between 21 and 30 years underwent two within‐modal (auditory/auditory, visual/visual) and one cross‐modal (auditory/visual) divided attention task, as well as related selective attention control conditions. After subtraction of the corresponding control task the three divided attention tasks, irrespective of sensory modality, revealed significant activation in a predominantly right hemisphere network involving the prefrontal cortex, the inferior parietal cortex, and the claustrum. Under the cross‐modal condition, however, the frontal and parietal activation was more extended and more bilateral and there also was stronger right hemisphere activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and the thalamus. In comparison to the within‐modal conditions additional bilateral frontal and left inferior parietal activation was found for the cross‐modal condition. The supplementary fronto‐parietal, anterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus activation in the auditory/visual condition could be argued to reflect an additional demand for coordination of two ongoing cross‐modal cognitive processes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early experience with a hybrid accelerated radiotherapy schedule for locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Nuyts Sandra , Dirix Piet , Hermans Robert , Poorten Vincent Vander , Delaere Pierre , Weltens Caroline , Van den Bogaert Walter 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground.Our aim was to determine feasibility and efficacy of a hybrid radiotherapy schedule in locally advanced head and neck cancer.Methods.Seventy‐three patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer were irradiated according to a hybrid accelerated schedule consisting of 20 fractions of 2 Gy (once daily), followed by 20 fractions of 1.6 Gy (twice daily), to a total dose of 72 Gy.Results.Locoregional control was 55% after 2 years. Overall survival was 59%, disease‐specific survival was 63%, and disease‐free survival was 46%. Acute toxicity was prospectively scored in all 73 patients: the most frequent toxicities were mucositis (50.7%, grade 3), dysphagia (47.9%, grade 3), and dermatitis (34.5%, grade 3). All patients were treated to full dose, without treatment interruption.Conclusion.With this regimen, acceptable locoregional control and survival rates are achieved. Toxicity was well manageable, suggesting that a combination of this schedule with concomitant chemotherapy is possible and could lead to further improvement in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2007
Bilobed fibula flap for reconstruction of through‐and‐through oromandibular defects
Authors: Said Meena , Heffelfinger Ryan , Sercarz Joel A. , Abemayor Elliot , Head Christian , Blackwell Keith E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBackground.The role of fibula free flaps for reconstruction of through‐and‐through oromandibular defects is examined.Methods.Thirty‐four patients underwent reconstruction of through‐and‐through oromandibular defects using fibula free flaps that contain large, bilobed skin paddles for simultaneous reconstruction of intraoral mucosa and external skin. We examined the incidence of wound healing complications, the need for revision reconstructive surgery, and factors affecting the incidence of complications.Results.Wound healing complications occurred in 50% of patients. There was a relatively high incidence of partial flap necrosis (26%) and revision surgery (41%). The area of the flap skin paddle was significantly associated with the risk of partial flap necrosis and the need for revision surgery.Conclusions.Many through‐and‐through oromandibular defects can be successfully reconstructed using a fibula free flap that contains a large, bilobed skin paddle. However, wound healing complications are increased when the flap skin paddle area exceeds 300 cm2. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2007.
Ethical dilemmas in head and neck cancer
Authors: Frank Hugh A. , Davidson Terence M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEthical dilemmas in head and neck cancer daily confront physicians, patients, families, and society at large. For every situation there are potential benefits and real burdens, as well as risks. There are no “right” answers for any given situation, but there are processes for assisting the primary decision makers involved in reaching meaningful and appropriate decisions. This paper asks some pertinent ethical questions and suggests some ways of responding to the issues.
Effect of prior radiotherapy on postsurgical wound infection
Authors: Johnson Jonas T. , Bloomer William D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRadiotherapy causes both epithelial and endothelial damage acutely with the subsequent development of interstitial and perivascular fibrosis. These effects may lead to decreased blood flow, delayed wound healing, and a delay in achieving normal wound tensile strength. In a retrospective study of wound infections that developed in 23 of 354 patients (6%) accrued in a series of prospective, randomized antibiotic trials, the incidence of wound infection in patients receiving prior radiotherapy (7.6%) was not statistically different from the incidence of wound infection observed in patients who had had no prior radiotherapy (6.3%). Wound infection that developed in patients after radiotherapy tended to be associated with increased hospitalization, an increased rate of fistulization, and more frequently required secondary surgical repair. It is concluded that major head and neck procedures can be accomplished without an absolute increase in the incidence of wound infection. However, when postoperative complications occur, it may result in a significant increase in morbidity.
Lateral arm free flap in oral cavity reconstruction: A functional evaluation
Authors: Matloub Hani S. , Larson David L. , Kuhn Joan C. , Yousif N. John , Sanger James R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy use of sophisticated techniques now available from the science of Speech Pathology, we can now document, quantify, and critically analyze the surgeon's reconstructive efforts in the oral cavity. Using these methods, we have evaluated the neurotized lateral arm free flap in six patients receiving oral reconstruction. Two of these are reported in detail. This study has provided a protocol that results in the objective analysis of swallowing, articulation, and range of tongue motion and sensation. All of these tests can be routinely performed by a speech pathologist to document both operative performance as well as patient progress in speech and swallowing. It would appear that we have quantified evidence that the neurotized lateral arm free flap may represent a significant step forward in reducing the morbidity of total and subtotal glossectomy by providing a truly functional reconstruction.
Hereditary carcinoma syndromes associated with benign head and neck tumors
Authors: Smith Dale B. , Arnold James E. , Fox Barbara , Blakeslee Don B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHereditary forms of carcinoma may be associated with benign head and neck tumors. Many of these hereditary carcinoma syndromes present first to the otolaryngologist. Two unusual cases of Gardner's and Muir‐Torre's syndromes illustrate the hereditary carcinoma syndromes associated with head and neck lesions. We describe the use of new genetic markers and propose a diagnostic algorithm.
Carcinoma of the lip in Auckland, New Zealand, 1969‐1987
Authors: Grover Rosalind , Douglas Richard G. , Shaw James H. F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe have retrospectively reviewed the case notes of 180 pa tients with carcinoma of the lip seen in Auckland between 1969 and 1987. The greater Auckland region is a geographically unique area as it comprises a modest European population (800,000 people) coupled with the largest Maori and Pacific Is lander populations in the world (each of approximately 70,000 people). There were 158 patients with T1 lesions, 20 with T2 lesions, and 1 with T3 disease. Only one patient had nodal me tastases at presentation. Management was primarily surgical in 138 patients, primarily radiotherapy in 25, and 14 patients re ceived adjuvant radiotherapy after surgical excision. Primary surgical excision was associated with a 20% treatment failure rate (local recurrence and/or development of nodal metastases). Radiotherapy alone as primary therapy was followed by an 80% recurrence rate. When adjuvant radiotherapy was used after ex cision the failure rate was 21%. In those patients treated with local excision, the major factor predisposing to disease recur rence was the presence of a positive margin, and recurrence in cervical lymph nodes markedly worsened the prognosis. Over all, 83% of patients were alive and well at the time of the review, 7% were either dead of disease or alive with recurrent disease, and 10% were dead of other causes. We conclude from our data that good results can be achieved after surgery for lip can cer, providing negative margins are obtained, and that positive margins require early re‐excision. Regional nodal disease infre quently follows complete excision of the primary lesion, but when it occurs it has an ominous significance.
Botryomycosis of the oral cavity
Authors: Maves Michael D. , Aguiar Susan W. , Massanari R. Michael , Robinson Robert A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBotryomycosis is a bacterial infection characterized histologically by granules containing bacteria. Usually there is surrounding granulomatous inflammation with occasional extension into muscle or bone. While there are several hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of botryomycosis, the exact mechanism is unclear. Botryomycosis has been associated with a variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, usually endogenous flora and low virulence organisms. Oral lesions appear to be uncommon despite continuous exposure to endogenous oral flora. Treatment should include surgical excision and antibiotic therapy.
Reversible visual loss due to impacted lateral orbital wall fractures
Authors: Funk Gerry F. , Stanley Robert B. , Becker Terry S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImpaction of the sharp medial edge of the orbital plate of the greater sphenoid wing into the orbital apex is a unique type of lateral orbital wall fracture that can produce a potentially reversible optic neuropathy. Two patients in whom the lateral or temporal approach to the orbit was used to reduce this type of fracture will be presented. In both patients, improvement in vision appeared to be related to removal of a bone fragment compressing the optic nerve in the orbital apex.
Squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as focal myositis of the tongue
Authors: McLendon Christopher L. , Levine Paul A. , Mills Stacey E. , Black William C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is not usually a problem for the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon. However, we describe a patient whose ultimate diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma required 16 months and eluded several clinicians, despite an aggressive diagnostic regimen. The diagnostic difficulty was due to the fact that the small, centrally located tumor was surrounded by an intense inflammatory reaction that histologically mimicked a recently described rare entity of the head and neck, focal myositis. Our purpose is to make the otolaryngologist/head and neck surgeon aware of this previously unreported presentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue; to review the pertinent findings associated with focal myositis; and to reinforce the need to maintain a constant vigil for the diagnosis of cancer, in spite of negative pathologic confirmation, when dictated by the clinical situation.
Palliative surgery in patients with bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Short Steven O. , Hillel Allen D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPatients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, commonly develop bulbar symptoms including dysphagia, dysarthria, and defective airway protection. Otolaryngologists/head and neck surgeons are frequently asked to assist in the management of these problems. We reviewed our experience of 13 surgical procedures in 7 patients with advanced bulbar ALS. In spite of technically good surgery, 3 patients died within 1 week of hospitalization. Four patients appeared to benefit from the surgery. Patients with bulbar ALS are a high risk group because of chronic malnutrition and dehydration, covert aspiration and pneumonitis, and diminished ventilation. A team approach to these problems is stressed. Perioperative morbidity can be reduced with careful preoperative preparation and patient selection.
Lateral neck mass as the initial manifestation of thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Park Cheong Soo , Min Jin Sik 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf 238 thyroid cancer patients, 24 exhibited a lateral neck mass as the initial presentation. Twenty four (77.4%) of 31 metastatic masses were located at the midjugular and lower jugular lymph chains. The average number of histologically proven metastatic nodes was 6.5. Histologically, 22 cases were diagnosed as papillary carcinoma, 1 as follicular carcinoma, and the remaining case as medullary carcinoma. Fifteen thyroid glands were found to have a single primary focus, while 9 others had multiple foci. The mean diameter of the primary foci was 1.2 cm. The rates of detection of primary foci by thyroid scan and ultrasonography were 60% and 37.5%, respectively. Surgical procedures for the thyroid lesions included total or near‐total thyroidectomy in 18 cases and lobectomy in 6 cases; for metastatic neck nodes, 13 were treated by modified neck dissection, 5 by standard radical neck dissection, and six by partial neck dissection. All 24 patients were followed for a mean duration of 4.5 years with a range of 2.0 to 7.5 years, and all except 1 are still living. In the presence of a lateral neck mass as the initial manifestation of thyroid carcinoma, no matter what size the primary tumor foci, a total or near‐total thyroidectomy appears to be justified in addition to an appropriate neck dissection.
Risk factors for simultaneous carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Hsairi Mohamed , Luce Danièle , Point Daniel , Rodriguez Joseph , Brugère Jacques , Leclerc Annette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe upper aerodigestive tract is a preferential site for multiple primary cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of patients presenting with at least two simultaneous cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract compared with patients with a single location. Men patients (2,738) with squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in the study. Of these, 120 (4.4%) presented with at least 2 simultaneous cancers (cancers detected within a 6‐month period). The group of patients with simultaneous cancers was compared with a group presenting with a single location. Two factors (the mean daily alcohol consumption and employment as a “blue‐collar” worker at any time during the working life) seem to be related to the occurrence of simultaneous cancers.
Radiologic assessment of tumor and the carotid artery: Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and computed tomography with surgical findings
Authors: Langman Alan W. , Kaplan Michael J. , Dillon William P. , Gooding Gretchen A. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarotid artery fixation is an extremely poor prognostic sign in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Methods more precise than physical exam are necessary to determine whether a neck dissection is sufficient, to exclude patients from surgery, or to plan a carotid artery resection. Thirty‐three patients with a suspicion of carotid wall attachment by physical examination or computed tomography (CT) were further evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US). The criterion for possible carotid involvement on CT was effacement of greater than 25% of the circumference of the artery. On MRI, the criterion that we proposed was any loss of the fascial plane around the internal or common carotid artery. This was considered effacement of the carotid artery wall. For US, the criterion we used was the loss of the echogeneity along the carotid wall. Histopathological correlation was available in 23 patients (24 necks) who either underwent surgery or necropsy (1 patient); 11 patients were felt not to be surgical candidates or declined surgery, though 1 of these 11 patients did undergo surgical resection after radiotherapy. MRI accurately predicted an uninvolved carotid artery in 13 of 15 cases; US accurately predicted an uninvolved carotid artery in 15 of 20 cases. Demonstration by either MRI or US that the carotid artery is free of tumor had a high degree of reliability. Both US and MRI appear superior to CT and physical examination in assessing the carotid wall in suspicious cases. Individually and in combination, MRI and US offer advantages in selecting patients for possible surgery when the issue of carotid artery fixation is raised.