bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontal disease is associated with poor self‐rated oral health among Brazilian adults
Authors: Cascaes Andreia Morales , Peres Karen Glazer , Peres Marco Aurélio 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between periodontal disease and self‐rated oral health among Brazilian adults.Material and Methods: Data on 11,874 adults in 250 cities from all the Brazilian regions were analysed. The outcome investigated was self‐rated oral health (dichotomized into “Good” and “Poor”) and the main exposure was periodontal disease defined as the combination of periodontal pocket depth 4 mm and clinical attachment loss 4 mm. Demographic characteristics, socioeconomic conditions, clinical oral health conditions (dental caries, dental and gingival pain, tooth loss and use of prosthesis) and use of dental services were the other explanatory variables. Simple and multivariate Poisson regression was performed allowing the estimation of prevalence ratios (PRs). All analyses were adjusted for the cluster sampling design.Results: The prevalence of periodontal disease was 8.9% (95%CI 7.6–10.3) and poor self‐rated oral health was 23.6% (95%CI 21.9–25.2) which was significantly higher among those who presented periodontal disease (PR 1.4; 95%CI 1.2–1.5), after the adjustment for possible confounders.Conclusions: Periodontal disease was associated with poor self‐rated oral health. The results of this study should be considered by population health planners in order to assess and plan periodontal services.
AtMGT7: An Arabidopsis Gene Encoding a Low‐Affinity Magnesium Transporter
Authors: Mao Dan‐Dan , Tian Lian‐Fu , Li Le‐Gong , Chen Jian , Deng Pei‐Yi , Li Dong‐Ping , Luan Sheng 
Published: November 2008

Abstract Magnesium (Mg2+) is one of the essential cations in all cells. Although the Mg2+ transport mechanism has been well‐documented in bacteria, less is known about Mg2+ transporters in eukaryotes. The AtMGT gene family encoding putative magnesium transport proteins had been described previously. We report here that one of the Arabidopsis MGT family members, the AtMGT7 gene, encodes two mRNAs that have resulted from alternative splicing variants, designated AtMGT7a and AtMGT7b. Interestingly, the two mRNA variants were expressed with different patterns with AtMGT7a expressing in all organs, but AtMGT7b appearing only in root and flowers. The AtMGT7a variant functionally complemented a bacterial mutant lacking Mg2+ transport capacity, whereas AtMGT7b did not. The 63Ni2+ tracer uptake analysis in the bacterial model showed that AtMGT7a mediated low‐affinity transport of Mg2+. Consistent with the complementation assay result, 63Ni2+ tracer uptake analysis revealed that AtMGT7b did not transport Mg2+. This study therefore has identified from a higher plant the first low‐affinity Mg2+ transporter encoded by a gene with alternatively spliced transcripts that produce proteins with distinct functions.
THE COMPOSITION OF TWO SPANISH PEPPER VARIETIES (FRESNO DE LA VEGA AND BENAVENTE‐LOS VALLES) IN DIFFERENT RIPENING STAGES
Authors: BERNARDO ANA , MARTÍNEZ SIDONIA , ÁLVAREZ MARÍA , FERNÁNDEZ ANA , LÓPEZ MERCEDES 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT The chemical composition of two traditional varieties of Spanish peppers, “Fresno de la Vega” and “Benavente‐Los Valles” harvested in the provinces of León and Zamora, respectively, at different ripening stages (green mature, breaker and red) were evaluated. Herein we report the global composition, mineral and trace element contents, and the most relevant physicochemical parameters of each variety of pepper collected in 2 consecutive years. Both pepper varieties showed a similar chemical composition, except in vitamin C content, which resulted to be about 70% higher in Fresno de la Vega peppers. Red ripe fruits were high in total carbohydrates, fructose, glucose, sucrose, fat (64.5, 29.14, 25.57, 2.94, 1.79/100 g dry weight, respectively) and total soluble solids (6.83°Brix). Ascorbic acid content also increased progressively during ripening, reaching a mean value of 1.81 mg/100 g dry weight for Fresno de la Vega peppers. Potassium was the most abundant of the analyzed elements in the all samples, followed by phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and sodium. The order of the levels of the trace elements was iron > manganese > zinc > copper.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis report underscores the potential value of two traditional varieties of Spanish peppers and provides information on their composition during ripening to decide the proper harvesting time, which can be useful in the food industry.
AROMA COMPOUNDS AS MARKERS OF WINE QUALITY IN THE CASE OF MALVAZIJA ISTARSKA YOUNG WINE
Authors: LUKIĆ IGOR , PLAVŠA TOMISLAV , SLADONJA BARBARA , RADEKA SANJA , PERŠURIĆ ĐORDANO 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the relationship between sensory and gas chromatographic analysis data, and to establish if particular aroma compounds could be used as Malvazija istarska young wine quality markers, 30 samples of Malvazija istarska young wine were subjected to sensory evaluation and gas chromatographic analysis of aroma compounds. Linear regression and principal component analysis were applied in order to establish the relations between sensory evaluation scores and aroma compound concentrations in corresponding wines. The most important contributors to the characterization and differentiation of wines evaluated with higher sensory evaluation scores were isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid and decanoic acid. On the other hand, wines evaluated with lower sensory evaluation scores were characterized and differentiated by higher amounts of isoamyl alcohol and isobutanol. Mentioned esters and acids were also found to be the most important variables for the classification of these wines according to quality using stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SLDA). The evaluation of the SLDA model was performed by cross‐validation, obtaining an average percentage of correct classification of 100.0%, and of correct prediction of 89.3%. The results of this investigation suggest that above‐mentioned esters, acids and alcohols could be used as markers of Malvazija istarska young wine quality.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSWine aroma is one of the most important parameters responsible for its quality, and hence for consumer acceptance. Sensory evaluation is the most common technique for controlling the organoleptic quality of wine, but it is not always feasible, since it requires specific conditions, and a group of trained expert tasters that can only assess a relatively small number of wine samples for a day. Moreover, the subjectivity of panelists can affect the evaluation in a great measure. The approach proposed in this work suggests the use of a nonsubjective instrumental technique such as gas chromatography for the analysis of volatile aroma compounds as a complementary tool for wine quality control able to predict, confirm or to correct the results of Malvazija istarska young wine sensory evaluation. Although this model is yet far from being practically implemented, information obtained could be used as a starting ground. Moreover, it was assumed that the approach proposed in this work is likely to be applied successfully on the differentiation and classification of other types of wine according to quality.
°BRIX/ACID RATIO AS A PREDICTOR OF CONSUMER ACCEPTABILITY OF CRIMSON SEEDLESS TABLE GRAPES
Authors: JAYASENA V. , CAMERON I. 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT Harvesting at correct time is essential for the supply of quality grapes. There is no standard method to determine the proper time of harvesting for table grapes. The applicability of objective measurements such as soluble solids concentration (°Brix), acid contents (titratable acidity) and °Brix/acid ratio of Crimson Seedless table grapes were evaluated as predictors of quality in terms of consumer acceptability. Crimson Seedless table grapes were harvested from two locations in Western Australia at weekly intervals for 5 weeks. The samples were density sorted to get berries of different maturity levels. Objective measurements and sensory evaluation (panel of 63 judges) were conducted. There were significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences in the degree of liking among grapes of 16.0–17.0, 17.1–18.0 and 19.1–20.0°Brix. Consumer liking of grapes substantially changed with a change in acidity. The data revealed correlation coefficients of determination (r2) of 0.58, 0.79 and 0.85 between overall consumer acceptability and °Brix, acidity, and °Brix/acid ratio, respectively. °Brix/acid ratio was found to be the best objective measurement that reflected the consumer acceptability and can be used as a reliable tool to determine the optimum harvesting stage of Crimson Seedless table grapes.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSCrimson Seedless table grapes have been successfully grown in Australia since 1994, and they are gaining popularity with consumers day by day. However, means of determining proper time to harvest has not yet been established. This study, by examining the relationship between instrumental measurements and human perception of sensory characteristics of Crimson Seedless table grapes, will provide a simple but reliable instrumental method to predict the optimum harvest stage of Crimson Seedless table grapes. This will help in providing a quality product to the consumers while helping growers to get better return out of their produce.
EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT OF SUGAR WITH SUCRALOSE AND MALTODEXTRIN ON RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT FLOUR DOUGH AND QUALITY OF SOFT DOUGH BISCUITS
Authors: SAVITHA Y.S. , INDRANI D. , PRAKASH JAMUNA 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT The effect of replacement of 30% sugar with 0.05% sucralose and of different levels of maltodextrin (MD) on dough rheology and quality of biscuits was studied. The results showed that replacement of sugar with increasing amount of MD from 10 to 40% along with 0.05% sucralose influenced dough rheology. The farinograph water absorption increased up to 20% addition of MD and thereafter decreased. Objective evaluation of biscuits showed that the spread ratio of biscuits with 10% MD was 7.1, 20% MD was 7.8, 30% MD was 9.4 and 40% MD was 10.5, in comparison to control biscuits (9.9) with 30% sugar. The best overall quality score was reported for the control biscuits with 30% sugar, 69 out of the maximum score of 80, followed by 30% MD (65), 40% MD (60.5), 20% MD (54) and 10% MD (49.5). The results showed the possibility of replacing sugar in biscuit with sucralose and MD. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis article discusses the changes as a result of replacement of sugar with sucralose and maltodextrin (MD) in the rheological characteristics of wheat flour dough. The level of sucralose and MD required to replace sugar from control recipe in order to produce rheological characteristics of wheat flour dough comparable with that of the control has been highlighted in the article. This information will have a practical application in the production of sugar‐free soft dough biscuits.
RHEOLOGY AND TEXTURE OF SET YOGURT AS AFFECTED BY INULIN ADDITION
Authors: PASEEPHOL TATDAO , SMALL DARRYL M. , SHERKAT FRANK 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT The effect of inulin addition on rheology and texture of nonfat yogurt (NFY) was studied by the large (texture analyzer) and small (dynamic oscillatory rheometry) deformation tests. Skim milks (12% solids) were supplemented with three commercial chicory inulins with different chain lengths at 4% level and inoculated with mixed cultures of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Textural and rheological tests were conducted after an overnight storage at 4C and during a shelf life of 28 days. A good correlation was observed between the two tests. During storage, all inulin‐containing yogurts in comparison with the control NFY were characterized by lower values of firmness, apparent viscosity, yield stress, complex viscosity, storage modulus and loss modulus. NFYs supplemented with long‐chain inulin demonstrated a rheological behavior closer to that of control full‐fat yogurt.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe use of inulin and oligofructose in the food industry has grown recently because of their interesting nutritional and technological properties. In the work presented here, three commercial inulin products with different chemical composition and functions were added to yogurt milk, and changes in rheological properties of yogurt were investigated in comparison with nonsupplemented control yogurts. According to the manufacturer's specifications, Raftiline HP and Raftiline GR are suitable for fat replacement because of the presence of long‐chain inulins, while Raftilose P95, being rich in mono‐ and disaccharides, is highly recommended for sugar replacement. The knowledge obtained from this study may be applied for the development of nonfat yogurts to satisfy the nutritional expectations of ever‐increasing health conscious consumers and at the same time to match the sensory and textural characteristics of full‐fat yogurt.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SOY‐BASED CREAM CHEESE
Authors: ZULKURNAIN MUSFIRAH , GOH MEI‐HUANG , KARIM ABDUL ALIAS , LIONG MIN‐TZE 
Published: November 2008

ABSTRACT Various amounts of blended tofu, oil, salt, carrageenan, pectin and maltodextrin were used to develop soy cream cheese products that were trans fat free, with texture properties similar to those of commercial dairy cream cheese. Response surface methodology predicted three formulations with similar spreadability value of that obtained from commercial cheese. Carrageenan and salt were useful to impart the desired firmness, while maltodextrin provided body to the product. Pectin introduced viscous behavior to the final texture but was proven useful in preventing syneresis. Rheological study at 25 and 4C manifested that, although the developed products mimicked the texture of the commercial sample, they had less elasticity. Chemical analysis revealed that the soy cream cheeses had lower fat and higher protein and fiber contents than the commercial sample. They were also stable against syneresis and oil separation over storage of 20 days. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe production of soy‐based products as alternatives to dairy products has attracted much attention recently. In addition to their lactose‐free and reduced fat content, soy‐based products are also a good source of protein. There has yet to be any published data on the development of a soy‐derivative cream cheese. This paper emphasizes the rheological development of soy cream cheeses in the presence of food hydrocolloids. Their main and interaction effects on texture properties were assessed to mimic those of dairy cream cheese. A comprehensive and systematic approach of formulating the soy cream cheeses was applied by using response surface methodology. In addition, the chemical and nutritional properties of the products were also evaluated and compared with those of the commercial dairy counterpart.
Apical transportation: Two assessment methods
Authors: López Fernanda Ullmann , Travessas Juliana Andréa Corrêa , Fachin Elaine , Fontanella Vania , Grecca Fabiana 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRoot canal transportation can lead to treatment failure. A large number of methodologies for assessing root canal preparation have been tried in the past. This study compared two methods for apical transportation measurement: digitised images of longitudinal root sections and radiographs. Sixty upper molar mesiobuccal root canals prepared for endodontic treatment were assessed. The results did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between the two imaging methods used to evaluate root canal transportation. The two methods were proven to be equally reliable.
Modelled female sale options demonstrate improved profitability in northern beef herds
Authors: Niethe GE , Holmes WE 
Published: November 2008

Objective  To examine the impact of improving the average value of cows sold, the risk of decreasing the number weaned, and total sales on the profitability of northern Australian cattle breeding properties.Design  Gather, model and interpret breeder herd performances and production parameters on properties from six beef‐producing regions in northern Australia.Procedure  Production parameters, prices, costs and herd structure were entered into a herd simulation model for six northern Australian breeding properties that spay females to enhance their marketing options. After the data were validated by management, alternative management strategies were modelled using current market prices and most likely herd outcomes.Results  The model predicted a close relationship between the average sale value of cows, the total herd sales and the gross margin/adult equivalent. Keeping breeders out of the herd to fatten generally improves their sale value, and this can be cost‐effective, despite the lower number of progeny produced and the subsequent reduction in total herd sales. Furthermore, if the price of culled cows exceeds the price of culled heifers, provided there are sufficient replacement pregnant heifers available to maintain the breeder herd nucleus, substantial gains in profitability can be obtained by decreasing the age at which cows are culled from the herd.Conclusion  Generalised recommendations on improving reproductive performance are not necessarily the most cost‐effective strategy to improve breeder herd profitability. Judicious use of simulation models is essential to help develop the best turnoff strategies for females and to improve station profitability.
Histopathological findings after ultraselective transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Miyayama Shiro , Mitsui Takeshi , Zen Yoh , Sudo Yoshiko , Yamashiro Masashi , Okuda Miho , Yoshie Yuichi , Sanada Taku , Notsumata Kazuo , Tanaka Nobuyoshi , Matsui Osamu 
Published: November 2008

Aim:  To evaluate the histopathologic findings in the surgical specimen of hepatocelluar carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) at the most distal portion of the sub‐subsegmental artery of the liver (ultraselective TACE).Methods:  Histolopathologic findings from nine tumors with a mean diameter of 3.1 cm ± 1.7 from patients who underwent hepatectomy after ultraselective TACE were evaluated, especially with regard to the relationship between peritumoral liver parenchymal necrosis and portal vein visualization during TACE. Portal vein visualization was classified into three grades by a spot digital radiograph obtained just after TACE: 0, no obvious portal vein visualization; 1, visualization of the portal vein adjacent to the tumor; and 2, visualization in the whole embolized area or extending into the surrounding non‐embolized areas. Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) was obtained 1 week later and surgical resection was performed 37 ± 6.3 days after ultraselective TACE.Results:  Portal vein visualization during TACE was classed as grade 1 in 5 tumors and grade 2 in 4. Histopathologically, complete tumor necrosis was observed in 7 tumors (77.8%). In 2 tumors (1 of grade 1, the other grade 2), a small viable portion or viable daughter nodule was seen. Macroscopic parenchymal necrosis adjacent to the tumor was observed in all 4 grade 2 tumors including gas‐containing areas on CT obtained 1 week after TACE.Conclusions:  Ultraselective TACE induces not only complete tumor necrosis but also peritumoral parenchymal necrosis, similar to that after radiofrequency ablation, when the portal veins are markedly visualized during the TACE procedure.
Efficacy of platinum analogue for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma unresponsive to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with epirubicin
Authors: Kawamura Yusuke , Ikeda Kenji , Hirakawa Miharu , Hosaka Tetsuya , Kobayashi Masahiro , Saitoh Satoshi , Yatsuji Hiromi , Sezaki Hitomi , Akuta Norio , Suzuki Fumitaka , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Arase Yasuji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: November 2008

Aim:  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often shows resistance to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Such patients often have a poor prognosis and are unresponsive to other forms of therapy. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the response to TACE using platinum analogues in patients deemed resistant to TACE using epirubicin.Methods:  We studied 152 consecutive patients with advanced HCC resistant to TACE using epirubicin. All cases were treated with platinum analogue using transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with or without embolization.Results:  Computed tomography at 3 months after therapy showed complete response (CR) in 6 patients (4.0%), partial response (PR) in 28 (18%), stable disease (SD) in 35 (23%), and progressive disease (PD) in 83 (55%). The cumulative survival rates for PR/CR patients who received platinum analogue‐transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with or without embolization (81.8% at first year, 53.9% at second year, and 33.1% at third year) were significantly higher than those of SD/PD patients (36.6%, 17.5% and 7.4%, respectively) (P < 0.001). The 50% survival period was extended almost 1.4 year in PR/CR patients who received platinum analogue‐transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with or without embolization.Conclusion:  Our retrospective study is the first to report the efficacy of platinum analogues for advanced HCC unresponsive to TACE using epirubicin.
Exploiting the 1953 Agrarian Reform: Landlord Persistence in Northern Potosí, Bolivia
Authors: Goudsmit Into A. 
Published: November 2008

RESUMENLa Reforma Agraria de 1953 también afectó el valle de Toracari en el norte de Potosí, Bolivia. No obstante, las cuantiosas propiedades que aun conservan los patrones en el valle muestran que ellos fueron más hábiles que los campesinos para aprovechar las oportunidades que brindó ese cambio político y económico. A partir de una investigación etnográfica e histórica, se indaga las particularidades de la tenencia de la tierra en Toracari y la compleja relación entre los patrones y los ayllus campesinos antes y después de la reforma agraria. Se propone que la interdependencia histórica entre los patrones y los campesinos y, paradójicamente, la nacionalización de las minas en 1952, llevada a cabo por el mismo gobierno que hizo la reforma, son factores explicativos de la persistencia del poder de los patrones en el valle. Los hallazgos presentados en este trabajo, motivan a reconsiderar la lectura convencional de la reforma agraria boliviana la cual pone énfasis en las transformaciones “estructurales” del campo boliviano.The Bolivian Agrarian Reform of 1953, which had the aim of giving peasants title to land previously held by landlords, affected the valley of Toracari in Northern Potosí. The present scale of land owned by landlords in the valley shows, however, that they have been more successful than peasants in exploiting the changing political and economic environment. On the basis of ethnographic and archival research this study presents the details of landlord landholding and its complex relationship with peasantayllucommunities before and after the Reform. It argues that the mutual dependence between landlords and peasant households and, paradoxically, the nationalization of the mines in 1952 were key factors in explaining the persistence of landlords in the valley. This article puts into perspective the literature that highlights the “structural” changes brought about by the 1953 Agrarian Reform in the Bolivian countryside.