bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The morphology of the nasal septum in identical twins
Authors: Grymer Luisa F. , Melsen Birte 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA comparison was made of the nasal septums of 41 pairs of identical twins to assess the impact of genetic and environmental factors on the formation of deformities of the nasal septum. Deformities of the anterior nasal septum (cartilaginous septum) were present in 22% of all the individuals studied, and in the posterior nasal septum (bony septum), some deformity was present in 74% of the persons studied. The distribution of deformities within pairs suggests that anterior deformities might be of external origin (e.g., traumatic), and posterior deformities may be considered to be part of a normal developmental process of the maxillary complex, where both genetic and epigenetic factors may play a role.
Artificial agonist/antagonist coupling in paralyzed muscles: Electronic balance of reinnervated straps from facial activity in the rabbit
Authors: Broniatowski Michael , Grundfest‐Broniatowski Sharon , Davies Charles R. , Jacobs Gordon B. , Nosé Yukihiko , Tucker Harvey M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractNormal striated muscular contraction such as occurs in the face is the result of finely balanced activities monitored by the central nervous system. Previous approaches to rehabilitation have been limited to restoring only motor function, ignoring the proprioceptive input that normally originates at the level of each muscle. In this pilot study, proprioceptive information originating in facial muscles (considered as agonists) is artificially channeled to nerve pedicles, reinnervating straps in the rabbit to produce antagonist action. Further development of this concept can lead to finer control of reinnervated muscles of the face or elsewhere.
Preoperative therapeutic considerations in chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Papastavros Theodore , Giamarellou Helen , Varlejidea Stratos 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe present randomized, prospective study of 119 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media compares the effectiveness of inexpensive, atoxic, nonallergenic disinfectants applied locally, to that of a number of occasionally toxic antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents, administered systemically. Systemic treatment resulted in a cure rate of 53.5% (SEp=5.9%) while ototopical treatment resulted in a 39.5% cure rate (SEp=7%). Eradication of pathogens or colonization by a nonpathogen occurred in 50.7% (SEp=5.9%) with systemic treatment, and in 39.5% (SEp=7%) with ototopical treatment. Bacteriological modification was 2.5 times more frequent with systemic treatment than with ototopical treatment. No recurrences were noted with ototopical treatment, while 13% to 36% recurrence rates were noted in various subgroups of cases treated systemically. Cure rates achieved with particular drug regimens (administration based on sensitivity tests in vitro) were: Azactam 25% (5%‐57% confidence limits), sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim 58.6% (38%‐76%), ciprofloxacin 87.5% (47%‐99%), ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole 90% (55%‐99%). Cure rates with other drugs were inconclusive because of the limited number of observations.
Allergic aspergillosis: A newly recognized form of sinusitis in the pediatric population
Authors: Manning Scott C. , Brown Orval E. , Vuitch Frank , Weinberg Arthur G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn 1983, Katzenstein, et al. first described a form of noninvasive sinusitis in adults, which was histologically identical to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, with mucin‐containing eosinophils, Charcot‐Leyden crystals, and fungal elements resembling Aspergillus species. The authors have treated six pediatric patients ages 8 to 16 who had findings typical of allergic Aspergillus sinusitis. All patients presented with nasal polyposis and progressive facial deformity. All patients had computed tomography findings of diffuse expansile sinus disease and four patients had evidence of bony erosion, raising the suspicion of malignancy. At surgery, all were found to have multiple sinuses densely packed with greenish‐black inspissated mucin. Therapy consisted of wide surgical drainage with careful follow‐up and nasal steroids.
Advantages of pectoralis musculocutaneous flap pharyngeal reconstruction
Authors: Stein David W. , Schuller David. E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPharyngeal reconstruction commonly involves grafts or flaps. Recent reports have emphasized the advantages of skin graft reconstruction. The purpose of this paper is to assess the results of pharyngeal reconstruction with the pectoralis musculocutaneous flap following composite resection and neck dissection. Thirty‐five patients who had predominantly advanced disease (88% stage IV) were treated in the Department of Otolaryngology at The Ohio State University. Oral diet was tolerated by 73.5% of the patients at the time of discharge. Of these, 80% were on a soft diet. Ultimately, 91% of the patients were able to tolerate an oral diet. The median hospital stay was 13 days. The estimated blood loss, blood replacement, complications, days to decannulation, and surgical time were analyzed. These results suggest that flap reconstruction leads to short hospitalization and provides an excellent opportunity for an oral diet.
Glottal closure in the hemiparalyzed canine larynx
Authors: Regenbogen Elliot 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAlthough compensation of voice with unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis is commonly held to be the result of the unaffected vocal fold crossing past midline, or overcrossing, this mechanism of compensation has rarely been documented accurately. Beagle dogs were used to create a model of another proposed mechanism of compensation, known as midline drift. Six animals underwent sectioning of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. One week later, three of the dogs underwent removal of the left posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles. The effects of these procedures were studied by subjective assessment, direct laryngoscopy, and sound spectrographic analysis. Results indicate that glottal closure was improved after the second surgical procedure. The clinical implications of the results are discussed and compared with other manners of compensation hypothesized in the literature.
Reconstruction of circumferential defect of the hypopharynx: Experimental studies and clinical application of a new method
Authors: Chang Shyue‐Yih 
Published: October 2006

AbstractReconstruction of circumferential defect of the hypopharynx is a challenging problem in head and neck surgery. Reconstruction with a totally tubed pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMCF) has been advocated in recent years, but this procedure has the disadvantage of excessive bulkiness. In order to solve this problem, the author experimented with a partially tubed platysma myocutaneous flap and an inner surface of apron skin flap of the anterior neck in the reconstruction of the circumferential defect of the hypopharynx in ten dogs. Subsequently, the same surgical technique using PMMCF instead of the platysma myocutaneous flap was used for reconstruction following total laryngopharyngectomy in eight patients. The new partially tubed flap was successful in solving the problem of excessive bulkiness of the totally tubed PMMCF.
Wound healing: Relationship of wound closing tension to tensile strength in rats
Authors: Morin Garrison , Burgess Lawrence P.A. , Rand Michael , Graeber Geoffrey M. , Voussoughi Jafar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA study was conducted to better define the relationship between closing tension and the resulting tensile strength of scars in incisional wounds. Five groups consisting of ten hairless rats were studied. Transverse wounds were created and closed on the back of each rat, with closing tension varied by excising amounts of skin in widths of 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, and 60 mm. The tensile strengths were determined at 28 days. Higher mean tensile strengths were demonstrated in the two groups requiring the highest closing tensions (45 mm and 60 mm of skin excision) with P=0.0028 and P=0.00016, respectively. A logarithmic relationship between closing tension and tensile strength was demonstrated using linear regression analysis with t=6.18, p<.0001, and R2=.44.
Delayed diagnosis and treatment of acoustic neuroma
Authors: Traquina Diana N. , Guttenberg Irving , Sasaki Clarence T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe records of 25 patients who underwent excision of acoustic neuroma between 1980 and 1987 were reviewed. All patients originated from southern New England. Facial nerve function was preserved in 92% of all patients, and 42% of patients with tumors less than 2.0 cm retained residual hearing postoperatively. These rates compare favorably with those found in larger series.1‐3Our series demonstrated that 60% of patients complained of hearing loss for longer than 2 years prior to tumor diagnosis. The mean duration of hearing loss prior to diagnosis was 4.2 years. Although sophisticated diagnostic methods were generally available, early detection of tumors did not occur, despite the early onset of auditory symptoms. The emergence of sophisticated computer‐assisted diagnostic tests and the development of technologically advanced operative methods have reduced operative morbidity, but interestingly, have had little influence on early tumor diagnosis. Late detection of acoustic neuroma in an otherwise medically sophisticated community suggests the need for improved awareness among patients and their primary care providers. Failure of early detection may occur more commonly than generally appreciated, despite the availability of technologically advanced methods of diagnosis.
Cutaneous malignant melanoma of the head and neck
Authors: Fisher Samuel R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA computer‐aided analysis of 5,109 patients with malignant melanoma was performed. Patient population characteristics according to body site (head and neck, extremity, and trunk) were determined for the following parameters: sex, histologic type of melanoma, Clark's level, Breslow thickness, age, clinical status of regional nodes, presence or absence of ulceration, and recurrence. Head and neck melanomas accounted for 17% of the total population (N=877). A detailed analysis of general population characteristics according to subsites within the head and neck region (ear, face, neck, nose, and scalp) was performed. Survival characteristics were determined for head and neck patients according to lymph node surgery, histologic type of tumor, and tumor thickness. The effect on survival of lymph node dissection (elective for stage I disease and therapeutic for stage II disease) was analyzed by univariate and multivariate methods. Elective lymph node dissection (ELND) was performed on 77 patients and 39 patients underwent therapeutic nodal dissection (TLND). Overall, survival was significantly improved following ELND as compared to TLND; however, multivariate analysis indicated the improved survival was related to variations of age within the population rather than the beneficial effect of lymph node surgery. Elective lymph node dissection did significantly reduce the incidence of recurrence for head and neck patients (p=0.002). Since recurrence was demonstrated to be directly related to survival, the trend toward improved survival following ELND after 5 years was felt to be important. There was no difference in survival according to the histologic type of melanoma.
Sleep‐related laryngeal obstruction presenting as snoring or sleep apnea
Authors: Kavey Neil B. , Whyte Jamie , Blitzer Andrew , Gidro‐Frank Stephen 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe difference between snoring (with or without sleep apnea) and laryngeal stridor resulting from laryngeal dysfunction may not be readily apparent. Two cases of Shy‐Drager syndrome and one undiagnosed case in which laryngeal dysfunction was exacerbated by sleep are reported. Such dysfunction might create life‐threatening situations for which emergency tracheostomy should be considered. The importance of differentiating stridor from snoring is discussed.
Auditory perceptual problems in non‐organic hearing disorder
Authors: Hasbrouck Jon M. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA series of 22 patients who presented with non‐organic hearing disorder were examined for auditory perceptual problems. A test battery that examined eight areas of auditory perception revealed significant auditory perceptual problems in each of the 22 patients. The results indicate a view that differs from the traditional view of non‐organic hearing disorder as either conscious feigning of a hearing disorder or an unconscious symptom of an unidentified emotional disorder. The information presented here indicates that specific auditory processing disorders could adversely affect patients' hearing and that auditory perceptual disorders could be diagnosed and treated.
Brain herniation into the middle ear: Two idiopathic cases treated by a combined intracranial‐mastoid approach
Authors: Iurato Salvatore , Ettorre Giovanni Carlo , Selvini Cristian 
Published: October 2006

AbstractOne hundred thirty‐nine cases of brain herniation into the middle ear and mastoid have been reported in the world literature during the last 40 years. In 29 cases the herniation was idiopathic. In idiopathic cases, intermittent CSF otorhinorrhea, a history of intermittent “serous otitis media,” and a conductive hearing loss were the main clinical findings. Polytomography or CT‐scan revealed a tegmen antri or tympani defect in some patients. There are three surgical approaches for treatment of brain herniation into the middle ear: neurosurgical, otological, and combined.Two new idiopathic cases were successfully treated by the combined approach.
A method for ossicular reconstruction with tragal cartilage autografts
Authors: Mundada Pandharinath S. , Jaiswal Subhalaxmi J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractReconstruction of the ossicular mechanism using a tragal cartilage autograft frequently presents problems, including displacement of the cartilage graft, maintenance of firm and accurate contact between the graft and ossicular remnants, and loss of stiffness of the graft.To avoid these problems, we have used the cartilage graft and overlying perichondrium of appropriate size, with a tunnel made between the outer perichondrium and the cartilage to accomo‐date remnants of the incus or handle of the malleus. The graft has a small perichondrial flap on the other end for firm anchorage to the arch of the stapes or the footplate. This allows the cartilage graft to be firmly anchored with the adjacent ossicular remnants. The presence of perichondrium with the graft helps to maintain nutrition, stiffness, and the configuration of the cartilage. With minor modifications, we have used this technique in 115 patients to reconstruct different types of ossicular defects, with commendable hearing results.Of the 115 operated ears, an air‐bone gap closure within 10 dB was found in 14.8%, within 15 dB in 34.8%, and within 20 dB in 24.4% of ears. In another 20.8% of cases, the air‐bone gap closure remained in the range of 25 dB or less. The longest follow‐up was 13 years 7 months.The presented technique is easy and effective and solves most of the problems of cartilage ossiculoplasty.
Autologous and homologous fibrinogen sealants: Adhesive strength
Authors: Laitakari Kyösti , Luotonen Jukka 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe adhesive strength of autologous fibrinogen sealants prepared from the individual patient's blood with the help of ammonium sulphate or polyethylene glycol was compared to that of a homologous commercial fibrinogen sealant. The concentration of the fibrinogen harvested by each method was measured. The bonding power measurements were carried out by gluing pieces of human dura, rat skin, or cotton cloth together. The commercial fibrinogen sealant yielded the highest concentration of fibrinogen and also proved to be the strongest of the glues tested. The PEG glue was better than the AS glue. Humidity did not have a significant influence on adhesive strength, nor did deep‐freezing worsen the properties of the fibrinogen sealants. In addition to the commercial products, the self‐made fibrinogen glues, especially the PEG glue, were also strong enough for oto‐laryngologicnl use.
Trachea stoma vent voice prosthesis
Authors: Shapiro Myron J. , Ramanathan Vadakkencherry R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractHaving been in use for the past couple of years, the “duckbill” valved Silastic® tube developed by Blom and Singer is well established as a device for vocal rehabilitation of the laryngectomee. The newer “voice button” prosthesis developed by Panje incorporates a similar valve in Silastic®. Neither of these devices can be used with tracheal stomal stenosis or with a deep tracheal stoma behind prominent sternomastoid muscles.The ritual of taping the Blom‐Singer prosthesis and the frequent failure of the tape to hold are other distinct disadvantages. Limitations are imposed on patient selection with the Panje prosthesis because of the rigid dimensions and the possibility of aspiration of the device, as well as the necessity for manual dexterity on the part of the patient.A new device has been fashioned utilizing the “duckbill” Silastic® tube as a valve attached to a new type of trachea stoma button. This appears to have universal application, is not difficult to change, requires no taping, and is self‐maintaining. There is no possibility of aspiration. The device is simple and appears to overcome many of the disadvantages of the other two.The tracheal esophageal puncture must be made in a cephalad direction so that the tracheal air diverted through the prosthesis will be directed toward the pharynx and not toward the esophagus. Prostheses directed caudad will not function and those patients should be repunctured.
Raeder's syndrome associated with internal carotid artery dilation and sinusitis
Authors: Nolph Michael B. , Dion Mark W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractRaeder's syndrome consists of ipsilateral ptosis, miosis and facial pain with intact facial sweating. When not associated with other neurologic signs, the clinical course of this condition is self‐limited. Patients will have resolution of facial pain but persistence of miosis and ptosis. Treatment is symptomatic with arteriography reserved for those patients with protracted symptoms or atypical presentations. A case of Raedcr's paratrigeminal syndrome is presented with abnormal dilation of the subcavernous portion of the internal carotid artery thought to be secondary to inflammation of the adjacent sphenoid sinus. Facial pain and the abnormal dilation of the carotid artery resolved, but miosis and ptosis persisted. Because of the therapeutic indication and prognostic value, an awareness of Raeder's syndrome is stressed when evaluating patients with facial pain or possible Horner's syndrome.
Inverted papilloma: An analysis of 87 cases
Authors: Lawson William , Le Benger Jeffrey , Bernard Peter J. , Biller Hugh F. , Som Peter 
Published: October 2006

AbstractA group of 87 patients with inverted papilloma, a locally aggressive benign sinonasol tumor, were treated over the past 15 years. Selection of therapy depends on an accurate radiographic assessment of the extent of tumor. The tumor's local aggressiveness, high rate of recurrence, associated malignancy, and multicentric tendency have led most workers to advocate radical surgical removal of the tumor by lateral rhinotomy and en bloc resection of the ethmoid labyrinth. Radiographic evaluation by computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging permits identification of a small group of patients who have limited lesions and may be candidates for conservative tumor resection by intranasal or transantral sphenoethmoidectomy.Among our ten patients treated with conservative surgery, there was recurrence in one case (10%). Seventy‐five patients underwent rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy, with seven cases recurring (9%). The overall recurrence rate was 9% (8 of 87). Among the 87 cases, 5 patients had carcinoma (6%).The literature is reviewed and the principles of case selection and management are discussed.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses: The cleveland clinic experience 1977–1986
Authors: Lavertu Pierre , Roberts Jay K. , Kraus Dennis H. , Levine Howard L. , Wood Benjamin G. , Tucker Harvey M. , Medendorp Sharon V. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractFifty‐four of 103 malignancies of the paranasal sinuses treated at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation between 1977 and 1986 were squamous cell carcinomas. Six arose from the ethmoid sinus and 48 from the maxillary sinus. Of the maxillary sinus patients, 11 presented with Tl or T2 lesions, 20 with T3, 16 with T4, and 7 of these had nodal disease. Treatment was surgery and/or radiation therapy. There was local recurrence in 25 of 48 maxillary sinus patients and in 1 of 6 ethmoid patients. Overall 5‐year survival was 38.2% in the maxillary sinus group: Tl, 100.0%; T2, 85.7%; T3, 31.8%; and T4, 6.7%. Three of six patients with ethmoid tumors were cured. There was a statistical trend for better prognosis in those patients presenting with ethmoid primaries, with early lesions, treated with both radiation and surgery, and with history of inverting papilloma. There were complications of treatment in 10 patients, four of which resulted in death. Local control was the major problem for these patients; therefore, early detection and aggressive local treatment are desirable.
Hearing levels of railroad trainmen
Authors: Clark William W. , Popelka Gerald R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe hearing sensitivity of 9427 railroad train crew members, determined during the first year of a company‐wide hearing conservation program, was compared with hearing sensitivity in a control population not exposed to occupational noise. The hearing sensitivity of the trainmen did not differ significantly from that of the control population. Multiple regression analysis, which considered separately the effects of age and years of service, showed significant differences in hearing levels due to age, but no differences in hearing levels due to years of service. Evaluation of the data by risk categories developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health indicate that this group of trainmen had no risk of occupational noise‐induced hearing loss. These analyses, combined with studies of locomotive cab noise, show clearly that trainmen ore not typically exposed to hazardous occupational noise.
Acoustic characteristics of speech following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Authors: Murry Thomas , Bone Robert C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSelective uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has resulted in the improved management of sleep apnea; however, the effect of the surgery on speech has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, the speaking fundamental frequency, reading rate, and first and second formants of the vowels of four patients were measured acoustically presurgically and postsurgically. The results indicate that the length of time needed to read a passage was reduced in all four patients 2 weeks following surgery compared to the presurgical duration.In addition, the second formant of nine vowels studied was lower postsurgically. No changes in speaking fundamental frequency were found in three of the four patients; in the fourth, the speaking fundamental frequency was lower by approximately one semitone. Based on the reduced reading rates from the presurgical to the postsurgical conditions, changes in respiratory parameters in addition to vocal tract parameters warrant assessment when evaluating the speech of individuals prior to and following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.