bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Property and the end of Empire in International Zones, 1919–1947
Authors: Ross Anna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
At the end of the First World War, defeated European empires ceded a wealth of imperial patronage, including palaces, government buildings and offices, to newly forming states in central Europe. While we know a great deal about these property transfers, the fate of ceded property in mandates and other newly emerging sovereign spaces, such as international zones, is less well known. This article traces the ways in which central European properties were reallocated and sold in international zones, with special reference to the International Zone of Tangier. While the remains of central European imperialism in Tangier were integrated into the international administration, this process encouraged erstwhile imperial powers to vie ever harder to reclaim ‘their’ former property, including private property portfolios. Meanwhile, it encouraged existing imperial powers to support private property purchases in order to secure advantages in the administration. In other words, internationalization entailed widespread competition for property that is omitted from the usual accounts of these spaces. Drawing attention to this phenomenon is important as it reveals the new forms imperial rivalries took on within the international structures created after the war.
Littoral phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in a tropical reservoir: Pantabangan Reservoir, the Philippines
Authors: Alpecho Bryan C , Duya Mariano R M , Mendoza Nikki Y B , Magbanua Francis S 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Littoral phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity are influenced by the water quality parameters and their trophic interactions. In the largest reservoir of the Philippines, this study examined the water quality and plankton community composition in the littoral zone across three sampling sites and four depths. Of the three sites, one is located near active fish cages, one near the mouth of a tributary and one near an outlet of an upstream dam. A total of 36 phytoplankton and 34 zooplankton taxa were identified, with most taxa belonging to Chlorophyta and Cyclopoida. The most abundant phytoplankton and zooplankton taxa were Aulacoseira and Microcyclops, respectively. The three most abundant phytoplankton (Aulacoseira, Oscillatoria, Volvox) were most positively correlated with the nutrient levels [total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and TN:TP ratio]. A significant interaction of sampling site and depth was recorded for the phytoplankton’s Shannon diversity index and community composition. The decreased zooplankton diversity amidst decreased phytoplankton diversity in the aquaculture site aligns with the effect of lowered resource heterogeneity on zooplankton. The increased phytoplankton diversity and decreased zooplankton density and taxon richness at shallower depths were probably linked with the light availability.
Large Order Behavior Near the AD Point: The Case of 𝒩 = 2, su(2), Nf = 2
Authors: Chan Chuan-Tsung , Itoyama H , Yoshioka R 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A non-perturbative effect in κ (renormalized string coupling) obtained from the large order behavior in the vicinity of the prototypical Argyres–Douglas critical point of su(2), Nf = 2, $\mathcal {N} =2$ supersymmetric gauge theory can be studied in the Gross–Witten–Wadia unitary matrix model with the log term: one as the work done against the barrier of the effective potential by a single eigenvalue lifted from the sea and the other as a non-perturbative function contained in the solutions of the nonlinear differential Painlevé II equation that goes beyond the asymptotic series. The leading behaviors are of the form $\exp \{[-({4}/{3})({1}/{\kappa })] \, [1, \left({s}/{K}\right)^{{3}/{2}}]\}$. We make comments on their agreement.
A simple spacecraft – vector intersection methodology and applications
Authors: Xystouris Georgios , Shebanits Oleg , Arridge Christopher S 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Observations with spacecraft-mounted instruments are usually limited by their field-of-view and are often affected by the spacecraft's shadow or wake. Their extent though can be derived from the spacecraft's geometry. In this work we present a robust method for calculating the field-of-view as well as the extent of a spacecraft shadow and wake from readily available spacecraft CAD models. We demonstrate these principles on Cassini, where we give examples of vector-spacecraft intersection for the Cassini Langmuir Probe, as well the field-of-view of the Langmuir Probe and the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer.
Triple-layered core-shell fiber dressings with enduring platelet conservation and sustained growth factor release abilities for chronic wound healing
Authors: Lai Simin , Wu Tingbin , Shi Chenxi , Wang Xiaojing , Liu Pengbi , Wang Lihuan , Yu Hui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is one of the most popular biomaterials in regenerative medicine. However, the difficulties encountered in its preservation, and the requirement for on-demand preparation severely limit its application. In addition, its rapid degradation in the wound microenvironment makes the sustained release of growth factors impossible and finally reduces the therapeutic effect on chronic wounds. Here, a multifunctional dressing based on triple-layered core-shell fibers for loading and enduring preservation of PRP was developed using a one-step coaxial bioprinting technique combined with freeze-drying. The platelets were effectively dispersed and immobilized in the core layer of the fiber, leading to a sustained release of growth factors from the PRP. The rate of release can be controlled by adjusting the triple-layered core-shell structure. Simultaneously, the triple-layered core-shell structure can reduce the deactivation of PRP during freezing and storage. The experimental findings suggest that PRP exhibits sustained activity, facilitating the process of wound healing even after a storage period of 180 days. Furthermore, the protective mechanism of PRP by the triple-layered core-shell fiber was investigated, and the conditions for freeze-drying and storage were optimized, further enhancing the long-term storability of PRP. As a result, the multifunctional core-shell fiber dressings developed in this study offer a novel approach for sustained growth factor release and the enduring preservation of active PRP.
Skilled Immigration, R&D Concentration, and Industry Consolidation
Authors: Aggarwal Rajesh K , Baxamusa Mufaddal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate a novel link between skilled immigration restrictions, corporate innovation, and industry consolidation. Binding restrictions on H1B visas are a shock to firms’ R&D labor supply, leading firms to shift R&D expenditures and employees overseas. Organizationally and financially constrained firms are less able to adjust to the restrictions. They reduce basic research and patenting, are less able to acquire other firms for intellectual property, and are more likely to exit. Industry concentration and firm-level markups increase when firms are better able to adjust. This increase in market power is an unintended consequence of skilled immigration restrictions.
Intensive Longitudinal Social Sensing in Patients With Psychosis Spectrum Disorders: An Exploratory Pilot Study
Authors: von Heyden Moritz , Grube Paul , Sack Markus , Wiesner Johannes , Frank Oliver , Becker Kathrin , Heintz Stefan , Reinhard Iris , Hohmann Sarah , Hirjak Dusan , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Braun Urs 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Psychosis spectrum disorders are characterized by significant alterations in social functioning, which is a major factor for patient recovery. Despite its importance, objectively quantifying the complex day-to-day social behavior in real-life settings has rarely been attempted. Here, we conducted a pilot study with wearable sensors that passively and continuously register interactions with other participants. We hypothesized that the amount and pattern of social interaction was associated with the severity of psychotic symptoms.

Study Design
We recruited 7 patients with psychosis spectrum disorders and 18 team members from a Soteria-style ward. Each participant wore a radio frequency identification badge, sending and receiving signals from nearby badges, allowing passive quantification of social interactions. In addition, symptom severity was assessed weekly by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).

Study Results
During an 11-week period, we identified 17 970 interactions among patients and staff. On average, patients spent 2.6 h per day interacting, capturing relevant aspects of daily social life. Relative daily interaction time, average interaction duration, and clustering coefficient, a measure of local network integration, were significantly associated with lower PANSS scores. Self-reported interaction time did not correlate with measured interaction time or with PANSS, indicating the importance of objective markers.

Conclusions
This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of passively recording social interaction of patients and staff at high resolution and for a long observation period in a real-life setting in a psychiatric department. We show links between quantified social interaction and psychopathology that may facilitate development and personalization of targeted treatments.
Beneficial role of amygdalin extracts against animal growth regulator Boldjan induced cardiac toxicity, injury and oxidative stress in male rats
Authors: Hussain Eman M , Alkadhimy Sura M , Neamah Asmaa M , Tousson Ehab 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Millions of individuals have used illicit anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), but the long-term cardiovascular associations of these drugs remain incompletely understood. Boldjan is AAS medication which is used in veterinary medicine and by young adults aiming to have a better appearance improving their self-esteem. Therefore; the objective of the current investigation was to examine any potential preventative effects of amygdalin extract against anabolic steroid Boldjan induced cardic toxicity, injury and oxidative stress in male rat. Forty adult male Wistar rats were classified into five groups (Gp1, Control Gp; Gp2, Amygdalin Gp in which rats treated with amygdalin (100 mg/kg body weight/day) daily for 2 weeks; Gp3, Boldjan Gp in which rats treated with Boldjan (10 mg/Kg BW/week) for 4 weeks; Gp4, Boldjan + Amygdalin). Boldjan induced a significant rises in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase MB (CK MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and very-low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (VLDL-C), cardiac injury, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a significant depletion in serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), cardiac reduced glutathione (GSH), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (Cat) activities as compared to control Gp. In contrast, Amygdalin significantly reversed the Boldjan induced cardiac toxicity in post treated rats Gp (Boldjan + Amygdalin). Amygdalin could be an efficient preventive supplement for mitigating Boldjan induced cardiac toxicity, possibly via controlling oxidative stress events.
The avatar law and (cyber) transnational contracts
Authors: Kozuka Souichirou 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The virtual world, often referred to as “Metaverse”, has recently emerged as the forum for people to communicate and socialise with each other. It will not be long before economic activities take place in the Metaverse, booming the Metaverse economy. To provide legal certainties to such activities, the law on the subjects of such activities, namely avatars, needs to be explored, besides the law on the objects in the virtual world, or digital assets, which have already been extensively discussed. There can be three possible approaches to the law of avatars. They are to treat an avatar either as a device (thing) deployed by a person or corporation in the real world, as an agent of the latter, or as an entity with distinct legal personality. Depending on which approach is to be followed, the existing laws of identity management and trust services, those of agency or those of mutual recognition of legal personalities may be useful in forming the law on avatars. When choosing the approach to the issue, law-makers have to make a policy decision, carefully examining the economic and social benefits and problems that each approach will entail. In doing so, the functional analysis of the corporate law will be helpful.
A mysterious treasure originated from Africa: evolutionary history of the endangered spoon-winged lacewings (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae) from China
Authors: Zheng Yuchen , Liu Xingyue 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The spoon-winged lacewings (Neuroptera: Nemopteridae: Nemopterinae) are a group of charismatic insects with morphological and biological specializations. Among the known 105 species of Nemopterinae worldwide, only one species, namely Nemopistha sinica Yang, 1986, is recorded from East Asia. However, the morphology, taxonomic status, and evolutionary history of this rare species are poorly known. Here, we present a systematic revision of the Chinese Nemopterinae and establish a new genus, Sinonemoptera, that comprises Sinonemoptera sinica (Yang, 1986) comb. nov. from western Yunnan and a new species, Sinonemoptera tibetana sp. nov., from southeastern Tibet. Based on the phylogeny of Nemopterinae combining morphological and molecular evidence, Nemopterinae are divided into two major clades by the length of the adult abdomen, and Sinonemoptera gen. nov. together with some Afrotropical genera constitute a monophyletic lineage characterized by a long abdomen. Our results suggest a Late Cretaceous African origin and three Tertiary transcontinental dispersals in shaping the global distribution of Nemopterinae. Our ecological niche modelling demonstrates the specific requirement for warm and dry habitats in nemopterines and highlights the urgent need for protection of the savannah-like habitat along the Nujiang valley for the Chinese Nemopterinae.
DNA hypomethylation of Syk induces oxidative stress and apoptosis via the PKCβ/P66shc signaling pathway in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Zhang Rui , Qin Chunmei , Zhang Junlin , HonghongRen  , Wang Yiting , Wu Yucheng , Zhao Lijun , Wang Jiali , Zhang Jie , Liu Fang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpigenetic alterations, especially DNA methylation, have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is known to be involved in immune and inflammatory disorders. We, therefore, investigated the possible involvement of Syk promoter methylation in DKD, and the mechanisms underlying this process. Kidney tissues were obtained from renal biopsies of patients with early and advanced DKD. A diabetic mouse model (ApoE−/− DM) was generated from ApoE knockout (ApoE−/−) mice using a high‐fat and high‐glucose diet combined with low‐dose streptozocin intraperitoneal injection. We also established an in vitro model using HK2 cells. A marked elevation in the expression levels of Syk, PKCβ, and P66shc in renal tubules was observed in patients with DKD. In ApoE−/− DM mice, Syk expression and the binding of Sp1 to the Syk gene promoter were both increased in the kidney. In addition, the promoter region of the Syk gene exhibited hypomethylation. Syk inhibitor (R788) intervention improved renal function and alleviated pathologic changes in ApoE−/− DM mice. Moreover, R788 intervention alleviated oxidative stress and apoptosis and downregulated the expression of PKCβ/P66shc signaling pathway proteins. In HK2 cells, oxLDL combined with high‐glucose stimulation upregulated Sp1 expression in the nucleus (compared with control and oxLDL groups), and this was accompanied by an increase in the binding of Sp1 to the Syk gene promoter. SP1 silencing downregulated the expression of Syk and inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species and cell apoptosis. Finally, PKC agonist intervention reversed the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by Syk inhibitor (R406). In DKD, hypomethylation at the Syk gene promoter was accompanied by an increase in Sp1 binding at the promoter. As a consequence of this enhanced Sp1 binding, Syk gene expression was upregulated. Syk inhibitors could attenuate DKD‐associated oxidative stress and apoptosis via downregulation of PKCβ/P66shc signaling pathway proteins. Together, our results identify Syk as a promising target for intervention in DKD.
A Comparative Study on the Superiority of AOS DP3-7 Over 5-ALA in Facilitating Pigment Change in Peppers
Authors: Chen Xingqiang , Chen Haidong , Shang Zheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of Alginate Oligosaccharides (AOS) and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) on the maturation process of red peppers, focusing on color transformation, weight gain, seed density, and skin thickness. Treatments included foliar applications of 100 ppm solutions of AOS and 5-ALA, compared with a control group, over a period of two weeks in a controlled environment. Results indicated that AOS and 5-ALA treatments accelerated the ripening process, as evidenced by increased uniformity in color transformation and significant weight gain in treated groups. Further examination revealed notable differences in seed distribution and skin thickness, with AOS and 5-ALA peppers exhibiting a denser seed population and variations in skin thickness. Biochemical pathway analysis suggested that these biostimulants could modulate ethylene signaling and other ripening-related processes, influencing both external fruit characteristics and internal development. This comprehensive study offers valuable insights into the complex mechanisms of fruit ripening and the application of biostimulants to enhance crop quality and market value.
A candidate reference method for the quantification of α-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid using an SI traceable primary calibrator and multiple reaction monitoring
Authors: Zhang Leran , Illes-Toth Eva , Cryar Adam , Drinkwater Giles , Di Vagno Lucia , Pons Marie-Laure , Mateyka Julia , McCullough Bryan , Achtar Eli , Clarkson Cailean , Göschel Laura , Körtvélyessy Peter , Mussell Chris , Hopley Christopher J. , Flöel Agnes , Hirtz Christophe , Lehmann Sylvain , Quaglia Milena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesα-synuclein aggregation is an indicator of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and recent advances have suggested that this protein could serve as a potential biomarker. It has been indicated that soluble and oligomeric α-synuclein in biological fluids could have diagnostic applications for PD. Clinical laboratories currently rely on antibody-based assays to detect α-synuclein. These assays have limited specificity, low sensitivity and poor inter-lab reproducibility, which prevents the validation of α-synuclein as a biomarkers. This study aims to fill the unmet need for the standardisation of clinical measurements for α-synuclein.MethodsWe report the first candidate reference method for α-synuclein, using an SI traceable primary calibrator for α-synuclein and isotope dilution mass spectrometry. The primary calibrator was traceably quantified utilising a combination of amino acid analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance. A targeted sample clean-up procedure involving a non-denaturing Lys-C digestion and solid-phase extraction allowed for the sensitive detection of multiple proteotypic α-synuclein peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples.ResultsThe candidate reference method procedure showed linearity across three orders of magnitude, covering the physiological levels of α-synuclein in CSF (LOQ = 0.1 ng/g). The method was used to quantify a cohort of CSF samples and the measurements were correlated with immunoassay-based quantifications.ConclusionsThe SI traceable quantification of α-synuclein in complex biological matrices means that the role of this protein can be further elucidated in synucleinopathies. This candidate reference method would lead to the harmonisation of α-synuclein measurements, which may allow for development of high throughput clinical tests.
Searching Post-translational Modifications in Cross-linking Mass Spectrometry Data
Authors: Zhou Chen , Lai Shengzhi , Dai Shuaijian , Zhao Peize , Li Ning , Yu Weichuan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) is a technique for investigating protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and protein structures. In the realm of biology, post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a critical role in regulating PPIs and reshaping protein structures. However, the identification of PTMs in XL-MS data poses a great computational challenge and thus remains unexplored. In this study, we introduce SeaPIC, the first XL-MS tool that enables biologists to investigate PTMs in PPIs and protein structures. Our experiments demonstrate the successful identification of PTMs within cross-linked peptides, which were previously undiscovered.
Physics-informed machine learning for automatic model reduction in chemical reaction networks
Authors: Pateras Joseph , Zhang Colin , Majumdar Shriya , Pal Ayush , Ghosh Preetam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhysics-informed machine learning emerges as a transformative approach, bridging the gap between the high fidelity of mechanistic models and the adaptive, data-driven insights afforded by artificial intelligence and machine learning. In the realm of chemical reaction network modeling, this synergy is particularly valuable. It offers a solution to the pro-hibitive computational costs associated with detailed mechanistic models, while also capitalizing on the predictive power and flexibility of machine learning algorithms. This study exemplifies this innovative fusion by applying it to the critical biomedical challenge of Aβfibril aggregation, shedding light on the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer’s disease. A corner-stone of this research is the introduction of an automatic reaction order model reduction framework, tailored to optimize the scale of reduced order kinetic models. This framework is not merely a technical enhancement; it represents a paradigm shift in how models are constructed and refined. By automatically determining the most appropriate level of detail for modeling reaction networks, our proposed approach significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of simulations. This is particularly crucial for systems like Aβaggregation, where the precise characterization of nucleation and growth kinetics can provide insights into potential therapeutic targets. The potential generalizability of this automatic model reduction technique to other network models is a key highlight of this study. The methodology developed here has far-reaching implications, offering a scalable and adaptable tool for a wide range of applications beyond biomedical research. The ability to dynamically adjust model complexity in response to the specific demands of the system under study is a powerful asset. This flexibility ensures that the models remain both computationally feasible and scientifically relevant, capable of accommodating new data and evolving understandings of complex phenomena.