bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of a resiliency intervention program on indicators of resiliency and burnout in psychiatry residents
Authors: Riese Amy , McGrady Angele , Brennan Julie , Lynch Denis , Valentine Daniel , Nowak Jordin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStudies have documented the stress and burnout related to medical residency and the need to design programs to reduce burnout. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention for psychiatric residents to improve resiliency and reduce burnout. A six-session program was offered that included mindfulness, self-regulation, and coping strategies. The program was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Standardized assessment tools measuring perceived stress, mindfulness, professional quality of life, burnout and resiliency were used pre and post program. Burnout was defined based on any one of the three criteria for burnout: high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization or low personal accomplishment. Six one-hour sessions were offered to residents during protected time during the academic year. Analysis compared residents who met and did not meet criteria for burnout pre and post program. Twenty-seven residents provided informed consent, and 23 had complete data on the indicators of burnout. Seven of 23 met criteria for burnout and those significantly reduced their perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, burnout and increased their mindfulness scores post program (p < 0.05). The residents who improved their mindfulness scores post program significantly improved resiliency, reduced secondary traumatic stress and perceived stress (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the scores of residents who did not meet criteria for burnout. Residents experiencing burnout significantly improved indicators of burnout, while those not reporting burnout did not worsen. Mindfulness was an important component of this program since residents gaining in mindfulness skills also reduced scores on indicators of burnout post program.
Spatial structures of different particles in helicon plasma
Authors: Zhang Zun , Zhang Jikun , Sun Yuzhe 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe spatial density structures of different particles (high-energy electron excited ionic and low-energy electron excited neutral particles) in both discharge and plume plasmas of a helicon source were characterized by an optical emission spectroscope (OES) and a Langmuir probe. Filters of 480 nm band pass and 600 nm high pass were used to distinguish the ionic and the excited neutral particles, respectively. The ion energy distributions at the outlet of the discharge tube with different magnetic field were obtained by a four-grid retarding field energy analyzer (RFEA). Results show that as RF input power increased, the helicon discharge modes change from a capacitive (E mode) to an inductive (H mode) to a wave coupling or a helicon discharge (W mode). After reaching the W mode, neutral particles are basically saturated, but ions will experience another growth as the power increases. Moreover, the reversed applied magnetic field can change the axial distribution of ion density (ionization region). The IEDF test results show that the maximum (most probable) ion energy increases with increasing input power. Meanwhile, the reversed magnetic field (+ 50 A) can increase the maximum ion energy by about 15 eV, which is believed to be the ionization/acceleration zone is close to the ion energy test point. Therefore, the directed ion energy is more correlated with the ion density distribution excited by high-energy electrons.
The dynamic impact of non-renewable and renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint in Indonesia
Authors: Idroes Ghalieb Mutig , Hardi Irsan , Rahman Md. Hasanur , Afjal Mohd , Noviandy Teuku Rizky , Idroes Rinaldi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe global trend of environmental degradation, marked by escalating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and expanding ecological footprints, poses a significant risk to the planet and leads to global warming. This decline in the environment is primarily attributed to the extensive use of non-renewable energy sources and substantial economic activities. This study investigates the dynamic impact of non-renewable energy (coal, gas, and oil), renewable energy, economic growth, and capital formation on CO2 emissions and the ecological footprint in Indonesia spanning from 1965–2022. Employing Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and a robustness test with Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) techniques, we seek to establish long-term associations among the studied variables. Preliminary findings, supported by our primary models, reveal that every increase in coal and gas directly results in higher CO2 emissions but does not affect ecological footprints. Conversely, every increase in oil affects the rise of ecological footprints but not CO2 emissions. Meanwhile, the rise in renewable energy will reduce both CO2 emissions and ecological footprints, consequently enhancing Indonesia's environmental quality. Furthermore, increasing economic growth will increase both CO2 emissions and ecological footprint, while the rise in capital formation reduces the ecological footprint. The Granger causality test showed unidirectional causality from CO2 emissions to renewable energy and also revealed bidirectional causality between ecological footprint and renewable energy. This study clarifies the patterns of energy emissions in Indonesia and provides policymakers with recommendations for maintaining environmental sustainability, including investing in renewable energy use and transitioning away from non-renewable energy, given the pressing climate challenges and the goal of achieving carbon neutrality.
Abnormal frequency of the memory B cell subsets and plasmablasts in patients with congenital severe hemophilia A: correlation with “Inhibitor” formation
Authors: Zekavat Omid Reza , Movahednezhad Yasaman , Shahsavani Amin , Haghpanah Sezaneh , Shokrgozar Negin , Golmoghaddam Hossein , Kalani Mehdi , Bordbar Mohammad Reza , Arandi Nargess 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Development of antibodies against infused Factor VIII (FVIII) or "inhibitors" represents a major challenge following FVIII replacement therapy in patients with hemophilia A (HA). Recent studies have shown that certain cellular compartments of the immune system contribute to the production of such antibodies. Herein, we determined the frequency of class-switched CD19+IgD−CD27+/non-class-switched CD19+IgD+CD27+ memory B cell subsets and CD19+CD27hiCD38hi plasmablasts in patients with severe HA and their association with the development of inhibitors in these patients.

Methods
This cross-sectional case–control study enrolled 32 patients with severe HA, including 8 with and 24 without inhibitors, and 24 healthy individuals. The frequencies of the memory B cell subsets and plasmablasts were determined using flow cytometry.

Results
The frequency of CD19+IgD+CD27+ non-class-switched memory B cells was significantly lower in patients with HA (including both patients with and without inhibitors) than in healthy controls. The percentages of both CD19+IgD−CD27+ class-switched and CD19+IgD+CD27+ non-class-switched memory B cells did not differ significantly between patients with and without inhibitors. HA patients with inhibitors had significantly higher proportions of CD19+CD27hiCD38hi plasmablasts than the control group as well as the inhibitor (-) ones. No significant correlation was observed between the inhibitor levels with the percentages of memory B cell subsets and plasmablasts.

Conclusion
This study is the first to demonstrate a dysregulated proportion of CD19+IgD+CD27+ non-class-switched memory B cells and CD19+CD27hiCD38hi plasmablasts in patients with severe HA. Therefore, strategies targeting memory B-cell/plasmablast differentiation may have promising outcomes in the management of inhibitor formation in patients with severe HA.
Aerodynamic characteristics of different configurations of mechanically deployable aerodynamic decelerator in subsonic region
Authors: Yun C. , Liu D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe deceleration effect of the deployable aerodynamic decelerator is not as good as a parachute in the subsonic region. This paper proposes a novel concept of using a parachute-like configuration (PLC) to enhance the deceleration performance of the mechanically deployable aerodynamic decelerator (MDAD) through structural transformation. The MDAD turned into the PLC from the sphere cone configuration (SCC) at Ma 0.8. The aerodynamic characteristics of the two configurations are analysed deeply. Compared to the SCC, the results show that the drag coefficient increases effectively, and the maximum increases is about 10% in the PLC. The airflow is altered by the MDAD configuration, which can affect the surface pressure and temperature. During the transformation process, the axial and normal force coefficients tend to stabilise. However, the static stability of the PLC deteriorates sharply compared to the SCC when the angle-of-attack exceeds 45°.
The challenges of implementing infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship programs in resource-constrained settings
Authors: Abbas Salma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is disproportionately high in low and middle-income countries. Barriers to implementing effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention programs include the lack of a structural framework, consensus guidelines, educational opportunities, trained personnel, funding, and access to resources such as manpower, information technology, and diagnostics. Socioeconomic instability with supply chain interruptions, poor skilled staff retention, absence of mandates, and inadequate support to enforce existing policies further aggravates the situation. Failure to implement measures to tackle AMR and HAIs effectively will result in repercussions globally.
Positive effects of audit and feedback on antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients limited to audited patients
Authors: Engel-Dettmers Elske M. , Al Naiemi Nashwan , Dijkema Hero E. , Braakman-Jansen Annemarie L.M.A. , van Gemert-Pijnen Lisette J.E.W.C. , Sinha Bhanu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Audit and feedback is an antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategy, with the potential to also optimize antimicrobial use in non-audited patients. This study aimed to determine whether audit and feedback reduce antimicrobial use in both audited and non-audited patients.

Design:
Before-after trial with a 1-year intervention period and 2.5-year historical cohort.

Setting:
750-bed community hospital in the Netherlands.

Patients:
All patients admitted to the urology wards during the 3.5-year study period were observed. Patients were classified as using antimicrobials if any antimicrobial was used for therapeutic reasons. Patients using antimicrobials prophylactically were excluded from measurements.

Intervention:
The AMS team provided audit and feedback on antimicrobial use for patients using antimicrobials for 2 days. Retrospectively, antimicrobial use and length of stay (LOS) were compared with the historical cohort.

Results:
Audits modified antimicrobial treatment in 52.8% of the cases. De-escalating, stopping, and switching from intravenous to oral treatment accounted for 72% of these modifications. Compared to patients from the cohort, who also used antimicrobials for 2 days, antimicrobial use decreased from 14.21 DDD/patient (95% CI, 13.08–15.34) to 11.45 DDD/patient (95% CI, 8.26–14.64; P = .047) for audited patients. Furthermore, mean LOS decreased from 7.42 days (95% CI, 6.79–8.06) to 6.13 days (95% CI, 5.38–6.89; P = .031). However, looking at all patients admitted to the urology wards, the percentage of patients using antimicrobials and total antimicrobial use remained unchanged.

Conclusions:
Audit and feedback reduce antimicrobial use and LOS, but only for audited patients. Positive effects are not automatically transferred to patients for whom no audits have been performed.
Novel radiation and targeted therapy combinations for improving rectal cancer outcomes
Authors: Pennel Kathryn , Dutton Louise , Melissourgou-Syka Lydia , Roxburgh Campbell , Birch Joanna , Edwards Joanne 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is commonly used as standard treatment for rectal cancer. However, response rates are variable and survival outcomes remain poor, highlighting the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Research is focused on identifying novel methods for sensitising rectal tumours to RT to enhance responses and improve patient outcomes. This can be achieved through harnessing tumour promoting effects of radiation or preventing development of radio-resistance in cancer cells. Many of the approaches being investigated involve targeting the recently published new dimensions of cancer hallmarks. This review article will discuss key radiation and targeted therapy combination strategies being investigated in the rectal cancer setting, with a focus on exploitation of mechanisms which target the hallmarks of cancer.
COUNTING IN UNCOUNTABLY CATEGORICAL PSEUDOFINITE STRUCTURES
Authors: VAN ABEL ALEXANDER 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We show that every definable subset of an uncountably categorical pseudofinite structure has pseudofinite cardinality which is polynomial (over the rationals) in the size of any strongly minimal subset, with the degree of the polynomial equal to the Morley rank of the subset. From this fact, we show that classes of finite structures whose ultraproducts all satisfy the same uncountably categorical theory are polynomial R-mecs as well as N-dimensional asymptotic classes, where N is the Morley rank of the theory.
Caches, Memory, and Ritual at the Maya City of Cival
Authors: Ahern Kaitlin R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article examines Middle and Late Preclassic period ritual activity and caches discovered in the Central E Group complex at the ancient Maya site of Cival, which is located in northeastern Peten, Guatemala. It focuses on a series of excavations conducted in 2013 and 2014 at Structure 9, the E Group's western radial pyramid and uses theories of social memory and sacred place to provide insight into the recently discovered caches, termination rituals, and the deliberate destruction of architectural features found there. It also draws on previous ritual activity conducted in the Central E Group plaza and the site's broader history to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the role of this complex as a sacred place and hub of memory at Cival for more than 1,000 years.
Comparison of quality of life in vestibular schwannoma patients managed with observation, radiotherapy or microsurgery
Authors: Ball Jessica F , Low Jacob C M , Kasbekar Anand V , Lesser Tristram H 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesIn decision making regarding the management of vestibular schwannomas, alongside clinical outcomes, an understanding of patient reported health-related quality of life measures is key. Therefore, the aim of this research is to compare health-related quality of life in vestibular schwannoma patients treated with active observation, stereotactic radiotherapy and microsurgical excision.MethodsA cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with unilateral sporadic vestibular schwannomas between 1995 and 2015 at a specialist tertiary centre was conducted. Patients completed the Penn Acoustic Neuroma Quality of Life questionnaire and handicap inventories for dizziness, hearing and tinnitus.ResultsOf 234 patients, 136 responded (58.1 per cent). Management modality was: 86 observation, 23 stereotactic radiotherapy and 25 microsurgery. Females reported significantly worse dizziness; males reported significantly worse physical disability. Patients less than 65 years old reported significantly worse tinnitus and pain scores. Overall, quality of life was higher in the observation group.ConclusionConservative management, where appropriate, is favourable with higher quality-of-life outcomes in this cohort. This must be weighed against the risks of a growing tumour.
The distribution of the red-throated ascidian Herdmania momus shifts northwards in association with ocean warming in the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Hwang Choul-Hee , Lee Su Jin , Seok Hyeong Ju , Kim Hyun-Jung , Hwang InSeo , Kang Min Gu , Park Joo Myun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Climate change poses a major threat to marine ecosystems, with its effects felt worldwide. A major effect of climate change on marine ecosystems is the rise in water temperature, leading to a northward expansion of habitats for marine organisms. Herdmania momus, a species of ascidians (sea squirts), originally found in tropical and subtropical regions, was introduced to the Korean Peninsula. In this study, we examined the habitat of H. momus along the southeastern coast of the Korean Peninsula between 2016 and 2022. We found that H. momus settlements were observed across the entire survey area, with confirmed habitation in Busan in 2016, Ulsan in 2021, and Gyeongju (the northernmost location) in 2022. The observed habitation trend indicates a rapid geographical expansion, occurring approximately 79 years earlier than previously predicted. These observations demonstrate that marine organisms are undergoing a more rapid geographical expansion than previously projected. These unexpected findings should inform government policies related to proactive measures and strategies for managing the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems.
Developing the WE BEAT Well-Being Education Programme to foster resilience and build connection in paediatric heart disease
Authors: Cousino Melissa K. , Dusing Catherine R. , Rea Kelly E. , Glenn Thomas , Armstrong Blake , Les Andrea S. , Hansen Jesse E. , Pasquali Sara K. , Schumacher Kurt R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground:The study of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes is of increasing focus in cardiovascular research. Despite the critical importance of psychological well-being and related resilient outcomes in promoting optimal cardiac health, there have been very few psychological interventions directed towards children with heart disease. This paper describes the development and theoretical framework of the WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program, a group-based psychoeducation and coping skills training intervention designed to improve psychological well-being and resilience in adolescents with paediatric heart disease.Methods:Program development was informed by patient and family needs and input gathered via large, international survey methods as well as qualitative investigation, a theoretical framework, and related resilience intervention research.Results:An overview of the WE BEAT intervention components and structure of the programme is provided.Conclusions:The WE BEAT Wellbeing Education Program was developed as one of the first resiliency-focused interventions in paediatric heart disease with an overall objective to foster positive psychological well-being and resilient outcomes through a health promotion and prevention lens in an accessible format while providing access to safe, peer-to-peer community building. Feasibility pilot results are forthcoming. Future directions include mobile app-based delivery and larger-scale efficacy and implementation trials.
A flexible choice of comrades: the dynamic identity of the Muslim Huis of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Authors: Nakanishi Tatsuya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates how Hui scholars imagined the membership of their community during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries as sharing communal religious duties, such as Islamic education and funeral rites, which were correctively imposed by an Islamic doctrine on all Muslims. The analysis is mainly based on two texts. One is an inscriptive text drafted in Arabic and Persian by Ma Minglong in A.H. 1079 (1668–1669) and inscribed by his son in 1673 in Wuchang, Hubei province. The other is Tianfang dianli (Commentary on Rites of Islam), written in Chinese by Liu Zhi (d. after 1724) based on Arabic and Persian Islamic books. The analysis shows that these Hui scholars have flexibly demarcated their communities from those whom they regarded as “other” Muslims, depending on various situations. Additionally, this paper illuminates how Hui scholars’ various and flexible delineations of “us” facilitated their negotiations for advantageous positions toward Muslim rivals, as well as non-Muslims who suspected their orthodoxy. This relativizes the argument that Hui scholars understood themselves as being simultaneously Chinese and Muslim when they situated themselves vis-à-vis Chinese literati—an argument that has been often repeated in the study of Hui Muslims.
Geologic Provinces Beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet Constrained by Geophysical Data Synthesis
Authors: MacGregor Joseph A. , Colgan William T. , Paxman Guy J. G. , Tinto Kirsty J. , Csathó Beáta , Darbyshire Fiona A. , Fahnestock Mark A. , Kokfelt Thomas F. , MacKie Emma J. , Morlighem Mathieu , Sergienko Olga V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPresent understanding of Greenland's subglacial geology is derived mostly from interpolation of geologic mapping of its ice‐free margins and unconstrained by geophysical data. Here we refine the extent of its geologic provinces by synthesizing geophysical constraints on subglacial geology from seismic, gravity, magnetic and topographic data. North of 72°N, no province clearly extends across the whole island, leaving three distinct subglacial regions yet to be reconciled with margin geology. Geophysically coherent anomalies and apparent province boundaries are adjacent to the onset of faster ice flow at both Petermann Glacier and the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream. Separately, based on their subaerial expression, dozens of unusually long, straight and sub‐parallel subglacial valleys cross Greenland's interior and are not yet resolved by current syntheses of its subglacial topography.
A Tilted Broad Plume Underneath the Greenland Cratonic Keels
Authors: Wang Dan , Gao Stephen S. , Liao Yangyang , Liu Kelly H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTo advance our comprehension of the complex geological history and mantle dynamics in the North Atlantic region, we employ all available broadband seismic data recorded in Greenland to reveal an abnormal mantle transition zone (MTZ) structure. Central and eastern Greenland exhibits depressed 410 and 660 km discontinuities (d410 and d660, respectively) bordering the MTZ, indicative of a substantial thermal anomaly associated with an underlying plume, surpassing the 1,800°C threshold for post‐garnet phase transitions at the d660. Variations in MTZ thickness across Greenland stem from differing temperature anomalies at the d410 and d660, possibly linked to a tilted plume within the MTZ. These findings corroborate geodynamic models, elucidating the interaction between post‐garnet phase transitions and upwelling plumes. The results shed light on the origin of the enigmatic Icelandic hotspot track and its influence on the thermal and lithospheric structures beneath Greenland.