bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehending Health of the Transgender Population in India Through Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Raj Papia , Dubey Ashwani 
Published: April 2024

Objective: In India research on health issues of transgender populations are very recent and limited though transgenders are an important sub-group of the population. Hence, this study attempts to understand the state of transgender health research in India through a systematic review of literature.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using bibliometric analysis. Initially, 132 studies were identified, and only 37 articles meeting selection criteria were subsequently selected for review using PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The research landscape was examined with tools such as Biblioshiny, Arc-GIS (10.1), and Vos-Viewer.Results: The review highlights that existing literature on transgender health in India mainly focuses on sexual health while neglecting their overall health status. It also emphasises the skewed geographical coverage of these studies. Based on the analysis, the interdisciplinary nature of the subject is illustrated in a three-field plot and through term co-occurrence. These indicate the need for culture-specific gender-affirmative services promoting a holistic approach to comprehend the health of transgender populations in India.Conclusion: In India research on transgender health is lopsided and at an initial stage. There is a need to develop diverse research focus on various health issues of transgenders that should also be geographically representative. Future in-depth research on this subject will enable optimizing resource allocation, developing effective gender-inclusive policies, and support holistic planning for better health status of transgender people in India, and other countries with similar socio-cultural background.
Research on the Exposure Risk Analysis of Wildfires with a Spatiotemporal Knowledge Graph
Authors: Ge Xingtong , Peng Ling , Yang Yi , Wang Yinda , Chen Deyue , Yang Lina , Li Weichao , Chen Jiahui 
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on constructions that are vulnerable to fire hazards during wildfire events, and these constructions are known as ‘exposures’, which are an increasingly significant area of disaster research. A key challenge lies in estimating dynamically and comprehensively the risk that individuals are exposed to during wildfire spread. Here, ‘exposure risk’ denotes the potential threat to exposed constructions from fires within a future timeframe. This paper introduces a novel method that integrates a spatiotemporal knowledge graph with wildfire spread data and an exposure risk analysis model to address this issue. This approach enables the semantic integration of varied and heterogeneous spatiotemporal data, capturing the dynamic nature of wildfire propagation for precise risk analysis. Empirical tests are employed for the study area of Xichang, Sichuan Province, using real-world data to validate the method’s efficacy in merging multiple data sources and enhancing the accuracy of exposure risk analysis. Notably, this approach also reduces the time complexity from O (m×n×p) to O (m×n).
A New Bacillus velezensis Strain CML532 Improves Chicken Growth Performance and Reduces Intestinal Clostridium perfringens Colonization
Authors: Zhu La A La Teng , Wen Qiu , Xiao Yuxuan , Hu Die , Liu Dan , Guo Yuming , Hu Yongfei 
Published: April 2024

Bacillus velezensis has gained increasing recognition as a probiotic for improving animal growth performance and gut health. We identified six B. velezensis strains from sixty Bacillus isolates that were isolated from the cecal samples of fifteen different chicken breeds. We characterized the probiotic properties of these six B. velezensis strains. The effect of a selected strain (B. velezensis CML532) on chicken growth performance under normal feeding and Clostridium perfringens challenge conditions was also evaluated. The results revealed that the six B. velezensis strains differed in their probiotic properties, with strain CML532 exhibiting the highest bile salt and acid tolerance and high-yield enzyme and antibacterial activities. Genomic analyses showed that genes related to amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as genes related to starch and cellulose hydrolysis, were abundant in strain CML532. Dietary supplementation with strain CML532 promoted chicken growth, improved the gut barrier and absorption function, and modulated the gut microbiota. Under the C. perfringens challenge condition, strain CML532 alleviated intestinal damage, reduced ileal colonization of C. perfringens, and also improved chicken growth performance. Collectively, this study demonstrated that the newly isolated B. velezensis strain is a promising probiotic with beneficial effects on chicken growth performance and gut health.
The Probiotic Properties and Safety of Limosilactobacillus mucosae NK41 and Bifidobacterium longum NK46
Authors: Lee Jaekoo , Jo Jaehyun , Seo Hanseul , Han Seung-Won , Kim Dong-Hyun 
Published: April 2024

Probiotics should possess specific properties to exert beneficial effects, and their safety must be ensured for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probiotic properties and safety of Limosilactobacillus mucosae NK41 and Bifidobacterium longum NK46 isolated from human feces in vitro. Both strains exhibited high resistance to simulated gastrointestinal fluid. Furthermore, probiotic-related cell surface characteristics including auto-aggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity were assessed by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength of 600 nm, which demonstrated good auto-aggregation ability and affinity for xylene, indicating their effective adhesion to Caco-2 cells. In addition, hemolytic, gelatinase, and β-glucuronidase activities were found to be negative in both strains. The susceptibility to nine commonly used antibiotics was assessed using the broth macrodilution method, which demonstrated that both strains were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Furthermore, L. mucosae NK41 and B. longum NK46 produced significantly higher levels of L-lactate (71.8 ± 0.7% and 97.8 ± 0.4%) than D-lactate (28.2 ± 0.7% and 2.2 ± 0.4%, respectively). Using PCR amplification to investigate genes associated with virulence factors, we found that neither strain harbored any virulence genes. These findings suggest that L. mucosae NK41 and B. longum NK46 have the potential to be used as probiotics and are considered safe for human consumption.
Entrevistas como ferramenta para pesquisa de novas populações de Crax blumenbachii (Aves: Cracidae)
Authors: Nunes Oberdan Coutinho , Ferreira Paulo Roberto Bahiano , Patrial Leonardo Weffort 
Published: April 2024

Populações naturais do mutum-de-bico-vermelho, Crax blumenbachii, estão restritas Ã s formações de baixada da Mata Atlântica do sul da Bahia ao Espírito Santo e leste de Minas Gerais, estimando-se menos de 250 adultos ocorrendo naturalmente, em cerca de 0,85% da área original. Essa espécie foi a primeira contemplada com um plano de ação nacional para a conservação, em que consta a busca por novas populações entre as ações previstas. O presente trabalho objetivou demonstrar que entrevistas com comunidades tradicionais representam uma ferramenta eficiente para a definição de áreas prioritárias para a conservação e o monitoramento da espécie. Foram realizadas 69 entrevistas semiestruturadas no entorno do Parque Estadual Serra do Conduru, na Bahia, Brasil, ao longo de 10 campanhas amostrais, entre 2012 e 2021. Obteve-se afirmação de ocorrência da espécie em 42% das entrevistas, e a interpolação dos dados permitiu a modelagem de um mapa preditivo de potencialidade de distribuição da espécie, que associou sua presença aos grandes maciços de florestas ombrófilas densas e corpos d'água, e ausência nas regiões com propriedades rurais e estruturas destinadas ao turismo. A ocorrência da espécie foi confirmada em dois locais inseridos em áreas com predições de ocorrência estimadas entre 80% e 100%, validando o uso da ferramenta e estabelecendo a região de inserção do Parque como prioritária para o emprego de esforços direcionados Ã investigação dos padrões de distribuição da espécie.
tdescore: An Accurate Photometric Classifier for Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Stein Robert , Mahabal Ashish , Reusch Simeon , Graham Matthew , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kowalski Marek , Gezari Suvi , Hammerstein Erica , Nakoneczny Szymon J. , Nicholl Matt , Sollerman Jesper , van Velzen Sjoert , Yao Yuhan , Laher Russ R. , Rusholme Ben 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Optical surveys have become increasingly adept at identifying candidate tidal disruption events (TDEs) in large numbers, but classifying these generally requires extensive spectroscopic resources. Here we present tdescore, a simple binary photometric classifier that is trained using a systematic census of ∼3000 nuclear transients from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). The sample is highly imbalanced, with TDEs representing ∼2% of the total. tdescore is nonetheless able to reject non-TDEs with 99.6% accuracy, yielding a sample of probable TDEs with recall of 77.5% for a precision of 80.2%. tdescore is thus substantially better than any available TDE photometric classifier scheme in the literature, with performance not far from spectroscopy as a method for classifying ZTF nuclear transients, despite relying solely on ZTF data and multiwavelength catalog cross matching. In a novel extension, we use “Shapley additive explanations” to provide a human-readable justification for each individual tdescore classification, enabling users to understand and form opinions about the underlying classifier reasoning. tdescore can serve as a model for photometric identification of TDEs with time-domain surveys, such as the upcoming Rubin observatory.
A Candidate Supermassive Black Hole in a Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy at Z ≈ 10
Authors: Kovács Orsolya E. , Bogdán Ákos , Natarajan Priyamvada , Werner Norbert , Azadi Mojegan , Volonteri Marta , Tremblay Grant R. , Chadayammuri Urmila , Forman William R. , Jones Christine , Kraft Ralph P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
While supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are widely observed in the nearby and distant Universe, their origin remains debated with two viable formation scenarios with light and heavy seeds. In the light seeding model, the seed of the first SMBHs form from the collapse of massive stars with masses of 10–100 M
⊙, while the heavy seeding model posits the formation of 104–5
M
⊙ seeds from direct collapse. The detection of SMBHs at redshifts z ≳ 10, edging closer to their formation epoch, provides critical observational discrimination between these scenarios. Here, we focus on the JWST-detected galaxy, GHZ 9, at z ≈ 10 that is lensed by the foreground cluster, A2744. Based on 2.1 Ms deep Chandra observations, we detect a candidate X-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN), which is spatially coincident with the high-redshift galaxy, GHZ 9. The SMBH candidate is inferred to have a bolometric luminosity of

(

1.0

−
0.4

+
0.5

)
×

10

46

erg

s

−
1

, which corresponds to a black hole (BH) mass of

(

8.0

−
3.2

+
3.7

)
×

10

7

M

⊙

assuming Eddington-limited accretion. This extreme mass at such an early cosmic epoch suggests the heavy seed origin for this BH candidate. Based on the Chandra and JWST discoveries of extremely high-redshift quasars, we have constructed the first simple AGN luminosity function extending to z ≈ 10. Comparison of this luminosity function with theoretical models indicates an overabundant z ≈ 10 SMBH population, consistent with a higher-than-expected seed formation efficiency.
Discovery of the Longest-period Classical Cepheid in the Milky Way
Authors: Soszyński I. , Skowron D. M. , Udalski A. , Pietrukowicz P. , Gromadzki M. , Szymański M. K. , Skowron J. , Mróz P. , Poleski R. , Kozłowski S. , Iwanek P. , Wrona M. , Ulaczyk K. , Rybicki K. , Mróz M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We report the discovery of the classical Cepheid OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 (= GDS_J1535467-555656) with the longest pulsation period known in our Galaxy. The period of 78.14 days is nearly 10 days longer than that of the previous record-holding Cepheid, S Vulpeculae, and thus, OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 can be categorized as the first ultra-long-period Cepheid in the Milky Way. This star is present in the ASAS-SN and Gaia DR3 catalogs of variable stars, but it has been classified as a long-period variable in those catalogs. Based on more than 10 yr of the photometric monitoring of this star carried out by the OGLE project in the I and V bands and a radial velocity curve from the Gaia Focused Product Release, we unequivocally demonstrate that this object is a fundamental-mode classical Cepheid. By employing the mid-infrared period–luminosity relation, we determine the distance to OGLE-GD-CEP-1884 (4.47 ± 0.34 kpc) and place it on the Milky Way map, along with about 2400 other classical Cepheids. We also discuss the potential of finding additional ultra-long-period Cepheids in our Galaxy.
Cold Dark Matter and Self-interacting Dark Matter Interpretations of the Strong Gravitational Lensing Object JWST-ER1
Authors: Kong Demao , Yang Daneng , Yu Hai-Bo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
van Dokkum et al. reported the discovery of JWST-ER1, a strong lensing object at redshift z ≈ 2, using data from the James Webb Space Telescope. The lens mass within the Einstein ring is 5.9 times higher than the expected stellar mass from a Chabrier initial mass function, indicating a high dark matter density. In this work, we show that a cold dark matter halo, influenced by gas-driven adiabatic contraction, can account for the observed lens mass. We interpret the measurement of JWST-ER1 in the self-interacting dark matter scenario and show that the cross section per particle mass σ/m ≈ 0.1 cm2 g−1 is generally favored. Intriguingly, σ/m ≈ 0.1 cm2 g−1 can also be consistent with the strong lensing observations of early-type galaxies at redshift z ≈ 0.2, where adiabatic contraction is not observed overall.
“Spiders” on the Moon: Morphological Evidence for Geologically Recent Regolith Drainage into Subsurface Voids
Authors: Kreslavsky Mikhail A. , Head James W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
On the Moon, the surface morphology at the scale of meters and tens of meters is typically smooth and subdued due to regolith gardening. Sharp, “crisp,” meter-scale morphologic features are observed only where the regolith is either thin or recently disturbed. Such crisp morphologies are typically created by geologically recent meteoritic impacts of different scales. The prominent exception is so-called irregular mare patches (IMPs), rare small features of debated origin. We report here on the discovery of previously unknown crisp immature morphological features (named “spiders” due to their central circular region and radiating “legs”) not related to impacts and even more rare. The spiders are meters-deep depressions with near-radial chutes open toward the center which make an incipient dendritic pattern 50–80 m in diameter. All spiders found thus far occur in clusters in the same region in Mare Tranquillitatis in the immediate proximity to small IMPs. We interpret spiders as the result of an energetic granular flow of the regolith draining into shallow subsurface voids following the sudden collapse of the roofs of the voids. Regolith gardening destroys the spiders’ legs rapidly, on a timescale of a million years. If the entrance into the subsurface void remains unclogged, a spider appears to evolve into a pit; otherwise it evolves into a gentle depression and finally disappears. Our interpretation of spiders provides a consistent explanation of all of their features, occurrence settings, and associations.
Challenges in Identifying Artificial Objects in the Near-Earth Object Population: Spectral Characterization of 2020 SO
Authors: Battle Adam , Reddy Vishnu , Sanchez Juan A. , Sharkey Benjamin , Campbell Tanner , Chodas Paul , Conrad Al , Engelhart Daniel P. , Frith James , Furfaro Roberto , Farnocchia Davide , Kuhn Olga , Pearson Neil , Rothberg Barry , Veillet Christian , Wainscoat Richard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Since the dawn of the Space Age, hundreds of payloads have been launched into heliocentric space. As near-Earth object (NEO) surveys search deeper for small asteroids, more artificial objects in heliocentric orbits are being discovered. We now face a challenge to identify the true nature of these objects and avoid contaminating the NEO catalog. Here, we present the methods used to characterize one such object. 2020 SO was discovered by the Pan-STARRS1 survey on 2020 September 17. Originally classified as a NEO, the object’s artificial nature became evident due to its low velocity relative to Earth and solar radiation pressure affecting its orbit about the Sun. Based on a backward propagation of its orbit, 2020 SO is thought to be a Centaur rocket body (R/B) from the launch of the Surveyor 2 mission to the Moon. We characterized 2020 SO using a range of ground-based optical and near-infrared telescopes to constrain its true nature. We find that its reflectance spectrum is consistent with that of other Centaur R/B launched during a similar time frame, and we identify 1.4, 1.7, and 2.3 μm absorption bands consistent with polyvinyl fluoride used on the aft bulkhead radiation shield exterior of Centaur-D R/B at the time.
Deux propositions de loi relancent au Parlement le débat sur le partage des droits de pension au sein du couple – Analyse
Authors: Delogne Florence 
Published: April 2024

Au cours de cette législature, des propositions de loi 1 visant à prévoir le partage des droits de pension au sein du couple ont été déposées. Ce faisant, les auteurs de ces propositions se font l’écho d’un débat qui existe depuis de nombreuses années. L’accord de gouvernement prévoit d’ailleurs que : « le principe du splitting des droits de pension sera étudié » 2 . La volonté est de tenir compte du fait qu’au sein d’un couple, l’un des partenaires est parfois amené à diminuer volontairement son temps de travail, voire à ne plus travailler pour s’occuper des tâches ménagères, ce qui peut avoir pour effet de diminuer ses droits à la pension, qu’il s’agisse de la pension légale ou de la pension complémentaire. Les réponses que l’on a tenté d’apporter à ce constat étaient variées. Aucune n’a jusqu’à présent pu aboutir car, si l’on peut comprendre l’objectif poursuivi, la mise en œuvre est techniquement très complexe. Par ailleurs, un partage des droits de pension qui ne serait pas bien pensé pourrait créer de nouvelles situations injustes. La prudence est par conséquent de mise. La présente contribution analyse les réponses apportées par ces propositions de loi .
Comparative evaluation of self-pressurized Air-Q® and Proseal™ LMA® in patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rana Savita , Anand Lakesh Kumar , Singh Manpreet , Kapoor Dheeraj , Gupta Deepika , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Intra-cuff pressure of Air-Q self-pressurized laryngeal airways (Air-Q SP) balances airway pressure and adapts to patient’s pharyngeal and periglottic structures, thus improves oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP).This study was performed to compare efficacy of Air-Q SP with Proseal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Material and Methods:
The study design was prospective, randomized and controlled. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to Air-Q SP or PLMA group. All patients were premedicated and shifted to operation theatre. Monitoring was instituted. After securing IV-line, induction with inj. Morphine + Propofol, relaxation with inj. Vecuronium was done. Supraglottic was inserted according to group allocation. Outcome measures were OLP, fibreoptic view of larynx, success rate, device insertion parameters, haemodynamic and respiratory parameters and post-operative laryngopharyngeal complications. Neostigmine + glycopyrrolate were given, device was extubated.

Results:
All supraglottic airway devices (SADs) were successfully placed in two attempts. The mean initial OLP, OLP at 10 minutes, and device insertion time were significantly lower in Air-Q SP group. Fiber-optic laryngeal view grading was significantly better with Air-Q SP. No significant difference was observed with respect to rate of successful insertion in first attempt, ease of insertion, and manipulations required. The hemodynamic/respiratory parameters and post-operative sore throat in the two both groups were similar.

Conclusions:
Proseal LMA has a higher OLP than Air-Q SP but average insertion time was better, and fiber-optic grading of laryngeal view was shorter with Air-Q SP. However, Air-Q SP and Proseal LMA were both effective for lung ventilation.
Effect of age on the median effective dose and 95% effective dose of intravenous fentanyl for blunting the hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation: A double-blind, up-and-down sequential method trial
Authors: Eiamcharoenwit Jatuporn , Akavipat Phuping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Control of the hemodynamic response during intubation is essential. To assess the effect of age on the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% effective dose (ED95) of fentanyl for blunting the hemodynamic response to intubation.

Material and Methods:
Patients (n = 86) undergoing general anesthesia were randomly stratified according to age (groups 1–4); fentanyl was administered to each patient according to the Dixon and Massey method, starting at 2 μg/kg. The dose was increased or decreased by 0.5 μg/kg for the subsequent patient, depending on the failure or success of blunting of the hemodynamic response, respectively. Success was defined as a change in heart rate and blood pressure by <20% below the baseline at 1, 3, and 5 min after intubation. ED50 and ED95 were analyzed using R statistical software.

Results:
ED50s of fentanyl in groups 1 (20–35 years), 2 (36–50 years), 3 (51–65 years), and 4 (66–80 years) were 2 μg/kg (90% confidence interval, 1.50–2.50), 2.25 μg/kg (2.00–2.50), 1.89 μg/kg (1.54–2.21), and 1.27 μg/kg (0.72–1.82), respectively. ED95s in groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 2.45 μg/kg (2.32–2.96), 2.79 μg/kg (2.58–4.38), 2.44 μg/kg (2.33–3.06), and 2.70 μg/kg (2.30–5.18), respectively. There was a statistically significant incidence of cough in group 2.

Conclusions:
Patients aged 65–80 years required the lowest ED50 of fentanyl dose, whereas patients aged 36–50 years required the highest ED50 and ED95 dose to blunt the hemodynamic response during intubation.