bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Satisfaction and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Individuals According to Exercise Preferences of Outdoor and Indoor
Authors: Avsar Fatma , Kizilaslan Nildem 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivePreference for outdoor and indoor exercises is essential when choosing a place to exercise. This study compared adults' healthy lifestyle behaviors and life satisfaction according to physical activity location preferences.Subject and MethodsThe study is conducted using a cross‐sectional design between May and October 2023, with visitors to a gym (n = 270). The study sample included participants in the activities of two outdoor sports groups and two gyms operating. Study. The questionnaire for data collection consists of demographic characteristics, Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), Life Satisfaction Scale (SLS), Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire‐R (TFEQ). Percentage, mean, standard deviation, t‐test, ANOVA posthoc analysis, and Chi‐square tests were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 25.87 ± 8.59 years. The rate of people doing indoor activity is 67.4%. The rate of those who prefer outdoor exercise is 87.8%. Many parameters were significant for indoor and outdoor exercisers compared to those in a single location (p < 0.05).ConclusionHealthy lifestyle behaviors are better for those who prefer both locations for exercise. A fuller picture of this study is that balance is important for the preference of outdoor and indoor exercises. Individuals should be encouraged to exercise outdoors and indoors.
The changing nature of Brescia's Romanitas: political rhetoric and material culture in the early modern Venetian mainland☆
Authors: Valseriati Enrico 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBrescia, a city of Roman origins, became in 1426 a part of the Republic of Venice. Throughout the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, during both war‐ and peacetime, the ruling class enacted deliberate strategies to re‐functionalize the city's Roman material heritage to convey political meanings that negotiated republican and imperial identities depending on current needs and shifts in the relationship with the Venetian rettori. Public spaces provided the perfect canvas to articulate political messages that helped Brescia find its place in the terraferma state without giving up assertions of its autonomy; in this sense, antiquarianism was configured not just as a cultural phenomenon, but (especially in times of warfare) as instrumental to defining the contours of the city's political identity. The graphic signs of this communicative policy can still be ‘read’ and deciphered today, having left the most visible evidence in the Platea Magna (now Piazza della Loggia). This article aims to analyse how epigraphs, frescoes, sculptures, and the urban fabric in general came to serve as the material tools through which Brescian civic identity was negotiated in public spaces, in constant conversation with the Republic of Venice.
Fenlong tillage accelerates the enrichment of the host‐specific rhizosphere bacterial community of cassava
Authors: Huang Yuanhang , Li Liangwu , Li Guilong , Peng Xiaohui , Ou Guining , Zhou Jia , Qin Fengyan , Yang Weixian , Wei Maogui , Shen Zhangyou 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs a starch and biofuel feedstock in China, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is continuously cultivated on marginal land in the south, predominantly in red and yellow soil types. With the prolonged application of conventional tillage (CT) method (mouldboard ploughing once at a depth of 30–35 cm and then raked twice at a depth of 18 cm), the soil became increasingly compact, while the cassava yield decreased year after year. The previous study reported that the cassava yield was significantly increased by Fenlong (FL) tillage, which implements the use of spiral drill bits to replace traditional ploughshares. Thus, the current study aimed to reveal how FL combined with N application affects the bacterial community diversity of cassava rhizosphere soil. The results indicated that Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes were the most abundant phyla in cassava rhizosphere soil. The relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes of the CT group were generally higher than the FL group in 2019, while the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetota in the FL treatments were higher than those in the CT treatments in 2020. In addition, the abundance of the phylum Acidobacteria decreased with the N application rate, and its abundance was generally higher in the FL group than in the CT group in 2019. Genera norank_o__Gaiellales, Bryobacter, Pseudolabrys, Acidothermus, Rhodoplanes, Conexibacter, and Paenibacillus were also found higher enriched in the FL treatment than in the CT treatment. These results indicate that FL tillage exhibited stronger abilities than CT for recruiting host‐specific bacteria of cassava by creating better conditions for roots and thus boosting more exudates based on the developed root system.
Effect of Warpage Pattern of Printed Circuit Board on Solder Paste Volume in Stencil Printing Process
Authors: Mohammadhosseinzadeh Majid , Kim Hyeongtae , Ghorbani-Menghari Hossein , Park Jungbin , Kang Namhyun , Jung Myung Keun , Na Seung Ryul , Kim Ji Hoon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study examines the influence of printed circuit board (PCB) warpage patterns on solder paste distribution during the stencil printing process (SPP). A multi-stage numerical model was developed and validated with experimental data, showing a deviation of less than 4%, to simulate the SPP with various warped PCB configurations. Various warpage patterns, including horizontal, vertical, spherical, and diagonal warpage, were analyzed along with key process parameters such as stopper load, squeegee load, and the positioning of clamping plates to identify the conditions that most significantly affect solder paste distribution. Results indicate that increasing the stopper load to 170 N can reduce PCB warpage by approximately 60%, leading to a more even solder paste volume distribution. The squeegee load had minimal impact on gap reduction due to the constraints imposed by the side-clamping plates. Among the warpage patterns, diagonal warpage yielded the most uniform solder paste distribution, with up to 43% better consistency compared to horizontal warpage, which exhibited the greatest variation.
Methan-o-poly: a giant collaborative game to “digest” the microbiology of green biogas production
Authors: Porras-Socias Pau , Mattiussi Raffaello , Silveira Kris Anthony , O'Flaherty Vincent 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

In an era of rapid change and global challenges, impactful educational experiences about sustainability become imperative. Especially in organic waste conversion bioprocess such as anaerobic digestion (AD). Here proposed, is a gamified approach to learn AD and hidden microbial interactions, bringing to real-life size an invisible phenomenon. In Methan-o-poly, participants roleplay cooperating microbes within a bioreactor engaged in four sequential mini-games to mimic organic waste degradation and methane production. Perturbations in the activity simulate real challenges, enhancing adaptability and problem-solving skills. Overall, this cooperative game promotes motivation, collaboration, and experiential learning. Its initial implementation received positive feedback across various age groups, enhancing green education initiatives.
A group-forming course content-focused icebreaker for life science classrooms
Authors: Kleinschmit Adam J. , Sparks-Thissen Rebecca L. , Pandey Sumali 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Collaboration and communication are important competencies for undergraduate life science education, as noted in the
Vision and Change in Undergraduate Biology Education
report. However, initiating collaboration and communication in the classroom can be an anxiety-inducing experience for many students. In contrast to traditional-style icebreakers, we introduce a course content-focused icebreaker activity that served as a group-forming undertaking on the first day of class. We developed four sets of handouts (icebreaker tickets), each having a common course theme (e.g., microbiology, cell biology, physiological system infections/disorders, virology). Students were randomly provided with a ticket at the beginning of the course, and they worked to establish groups with their peers, based on their own interpretation of the ticket’s content and rationalization of a grouping scheme. Student feedback and engagement data collected from implementation at three independent institutions were largely positive, where students reported the activity to be an effective tool for building a course content-focused community of learners. The icebreaker tickets and instructor’s notes disseminated in this manuscript can be adapted to fit educators’ course goals and help set the tone for the first day of the class and beyond that fosters communication and collaboration among students.
Contrasting roles of PSGL-1 and PD-1 in regulating T-cell exhaustion and function during chronic viral infection
Authors: Viramontes Karla M. , Thone Melissa N. , De La Torre Jamie-Jean , Neubert Emily N. , DeRogatis Julia M. , Garcia Chris , Henriquez Monique L. , Tinoco Roberto 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Immune checkpoints are critical regulators of T-cell exhaustion, impairing their ability to eliminate antigens present during chronic viral infections. Current immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in the clinic aim to reinvigorate exhausted T cells; yet, most patients fail to respond or develop resistance to these therapies, underscoring the need to better understand these immunosuppressive pathways. PSGL-1 (
Selplg
), a recently discovered immune checkpoint, negatively regulates T-cell function. We investigated the cell-intrinsic effects of PSGL-1, PD-1, and combined deletion on CD8
+
T cells during chronic viral infection. We found that combined PSGL-1 and PD-1 (

Selplg
-/-
Pdcd1
-/-

) deficiency in CD8
+
T cells increased their frequencies and numbers throughout chronic infection compared to the wild type. This phenotype was primarily driven by PD-1 deficiency. Furthermore, while PD-1 deletion increased virus-specific T-cell frequencies, it was detrimental to their function. Conversely, PSGL-1 deletion improved T-cell function but resulted in lower frequencies and numbers. The primary mechanism behind these differences in cell maintenance was driven by proliferation rather than survival. Combined PSGL-1 and PD-1 deletion resulted in defective T-cell differentiation, driving cells from a progenitor self-renewal state to a more terminal dysfunctional state. These findings suggest that PD-1 and PSGL-1 have distinct, yet complementary, roles in regulating T-cell exhaustion and differentiation during chronic viral infection. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the individual and combined roles of PSGL-1 and PD-1 in CD8
+
T-cell exhaustion. It underscores the potential of targeting these checkpoints in a more dynamic and sequential manner to optimize virus-specific T-cell responses, offering critical perspectives for improving therapeutic strategies aimed at reinvigorating exhausted CD8
+
T cells.

IMPORTANCE

Our findings provide a comprehensive analysis of how the dual deletion of PD-1 and PSGL-1 impacts the response and function of virus-specific CD8
+
T cells, revealing novel insights into their roles in chronic infection. Notably, our findings show that while PD-1 deletion enhances T-cell frequencies, it paradoxically reduces T-cell functionality. Conversely, PSGL-1 deletion improves T-cell function but reduces their survival. Whereas the combined deletion of PSGL-1 and PD-1 in CD8
+
T cells improved their survival but decreased their function and progenitor-exhausted phenotypes during infection. We believe our study advances the understanding of immune checkpoint regulation in chronic infections and has significant implications for developing more effective immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies.
Complete genome sequence of the
Staphylococcus aureus
NCCP 11854 isolated from a food-poisoning patient in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Joon Ki , Choi Chi-Hwan , Yun Mi-ran , Ahn YeWon , Choi Young Sill , Kim Su Yeon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is the etiological agent of skin diseases and food poisoning. In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of
S. aureus
NCCP 11854, which was originally isolated from the pus of a food-poisoning patient in the Republic of Korea in 2009.
Predictors of ATF inspections of FFLs and subsequent violations
Authors: Reeping Paul , Killian Grace , Gobaud Ariana N , Mehranbod Christina , Rajan Sonali 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) conducts inspections of Federal Firearms Licensees (FFLs) to ensure compliance with federal laws in an effort to keep the public safe from firearm violence. However, the criteria for which FFLs are inspected lacks transparency, potentially signalling inefficiencies or biases.MethodsWe extracted data on FFL inspections and violations (2016–2017) requiring remedial action from theGun Store Transparency Projectdatabase and the ATF’s FFLs listings. Using a generalised linear mixed model with a random effect for states and robust SE, we estimated the census tract and state level predictors of 1) the likelihood of the ATF inspecting an FFL and 2) among those inspected, the likelihood of a violation.ResultsOf the 93,420 FFLs, 22 921 were inspected and 2392 had violations requiring remedial action. Increased likelihood of inspection was statistically significantly associated with higher levels of poverty, lower median income, greater non-White population percentages, and older census tract median ages. The sole predictor of an FFL receiving a violation requiring remedial action was the state’s firearm law permissiveness.DiscussionATF inspections disproportionately targeted communities with higher poverty, lower median income, larger non-White populations, and older demographics. This indicates potential racial and socioeconomic biases, diverting attention from jurisdictions with more lenient firearm laws where violations were more likely to occur.ConclusionThe ATF needs to reassess the influence of potential biases on its strategies for selecting FFLs for inspections and instead focus on risk-based assessments in order to promote public safety.
Unraveling the Impact of Drug Metabolism on Tamoxifen Response in Breast Cancer
Authors: Schroth Werner , Mürdter Thomas E. , Schwab Matthias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen is a mainstay of endocrine breast cancer therapy. However, the clinical response rates of tamoxifen are inferior to those of aromatase inhibitors, which may be partially explained by variable drug exposure due to the pharmacogenetics of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. Clinical trials investigating the association between CYP2D6 impairment and tamoxifen outcomes have yielded conflicting results. The results of a comprehensive meta-analysis of 33 single-center tamoxifen trials reported here address this inconsistency by adjusting for two biases that may affect the validity of previous association studies: allele coverage of CYP2D6 genotyping and loss of heterozygosity of the CYP2D6 locus in tumor-derived DNA. After adjustment for bias, meta-analyses show significantly reduced study heterogeneity and a higher risk of recurrence or death in patients with impaired CYP2D6 metabolism compared with those with normal activity. These data may support the use of pharmacogenetics-guided tamoxifen therapy to improve outcomes in patients with CYP2D6-compromised breast cancer. Prospective studies should be considered.
See related article by MacLehose et al., p. 224
A Curious Observation of a Solar Eclipse in 1630
Authors: Deias Dalia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
How and where did people observe a solar eclipse in Paris in 1630? This study will analyze the content of a letter describing in detail a collective observation of the eclipse that occurred on June 10, 1630. We will then take a closer look at how this celestial phenomenon was studied, both from a material and practical (instruments, techniques, general organization) point of view. Having identified the main observer as a Capuchin friar prognosticator, the study of the material culture of this event will allow us to delve into observational knowledge concerning the Capuchin religious order via a case study. This letter demonstrates well how focusing on places, instruments, and practices of observation can lead to a better understanding of the historical actors making observations, as well as their beliefs touching the objects observed.
Sacrificing the Qazaqs: The Stalinist Hierarchy of Consumption and the Great Famine of 1931–33 in Kazakhstan
Authors: Pianciola Niccolò 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The article focuses on why the famine, which began in some regions of Kazakhstan as early as 1930 due to grain and livestock requisitions carried out in the previous two years, in 1931 turned into the largest mass death event in the history of Central Asia, and a great famine comparable in the USSR only to the Ukrainian Holodomor. On the basis of archival documents from the funds of the state agency in charge of requisitioning and distributing meat and livestock, the study claims that the decisive factor in multiplying starvation deaths to such a level as to kill every third Qazaq was the Stalinist leadership’s choice to make up for Soviet livestock losses caused by the chaos of collectivization by requisitioning, between the summer of 1930 and the summer of 1932, a unsustainable portion of the livestock of the Qazaqs, who at the time were by far the largest Soviet pastoral nomadic population. The article shows that the livestock taken from the Qazaqs was used primarily to feed the population of Moscow and Leningrad, thus linking the two areas and social groups of the USSR at opposite poles of the Stalinist “hierarchy of consumption”. It follows that the specificity of the Qazaqs in the 1930s is not that they were just victims of the policies of communist “modernization” (collectivization and sedentarization of Soviet nomadic populations, none of which were devastated to a comparable degree), but that they were a group consciously sacrificed to the raison d’état of a new (in terms of political logic and degree of ruthlessness) imperial hierarchy.
Effects of Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire thresholds and gender on spatiotemporal parameters during walking in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Delpierre Yannick , Michaud Sophie , Brayer Arnaud 
Published: February 2025

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the threshold value of Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Subscales on quantified movement as a function of gender. Design study Retrospective cohort study. Settings Single center study. Participants One hundred forty patients (aged 38.4) with chronic low back pain and referred to functional restauration program. Intervention Patients participated in a five-week multidisciplinary Functional Restoration Program between 1 April 2013 and 1 April 2019, evaluated with clinical scales, psychosocial care and objective gait analysis. This study was a noninterventional retrospective study. Main measures Objective gait analysis with the Vicon Motion Systems (Ltd, Oxford, UK), Fear-Avoidance Belief Scale, Visual Analog Scale, the DALLAS Pain Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results Data from 131 patients were studied. Patients with significant Fear-Avoidance Beliefs scores walked with significantly higher cadence. Patients with higher work subscale values presented significantly lower cadence, without effects on step length and self-selected speed. Women with significant fear-avoidance belief score walked with higher step length (0.58 m (0.05)) than men with significant fear-avoidance belief score (0.61 m (0.05). Correlations between Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and spatiotemporal parameters were gender-dependent but nonsignificant or low. Conclusions The threshold values depicted in the literature on psychometric analysis reveal low but quantitative effect of fear-avoidance on spatiotemporal parameters. These threshold values can be used by clinicians to evaluate the significance of the clinical scale. Considering gait, cadence should help the clinician to assess the fear-avoidance, particularly for patients are not able to complete all clinical scale items.
Evaluation of concomitant treatment for Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome
Authors: Valipour Reza , Narouie Behzad , Rastgou Arash , Dadpour Mehdi , Radpour Negar , Momeni Hamidreza , Momeni Amirreza , Ahmadzade Mohadese , Rouientan Hamidreza , Jadidi Sajedeh , Saygin Sara 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Chronic prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common and challenging condition with no consensus on the best treatment. Also, based on a search in reputable scientific databases, it was found that so far, no study has been conducted to evaluate the response to treatment with concomitant use of tamsulosin, levofloxacin, and celecoxib in chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men. Methods: Ninety six male patients under 40 years of age with chronic pelvic pain syndrome who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients (there was only one group of patients in this study) were treated simultaneously with 3 drugs tamsulosin (0.4 mg), levofloxacin (500 mg), and celecoxib (200 mg) for 1 month and after 1 month of treatment response to treatment (pain relief) according to age factors. Weight, underlying disease, smoking, BMI, prostatitis family history, and education were recorded by the researcher in preprepared data collection forms. The results and information obtained were entered into statistical software and analyzed. Results: About 42.7% of patients experienced pain relief after treatment. Age, smoking, and family history of prostatitis showed significant relationships with pain reduction. Weight gain decreased the chances of pain reduction (OR = 0.303), while increased BMI (OR = 0.476) and smoking (OR = 0.801) also negatively influenced pain relief. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the concomitant use of tamsulosin, levofloxacin and celecoxib in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome had acceptable results in reducing the symptoms of patients.