bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the δ15N trophic offset in a cold-water scleractinian coral (CWC): implications for the CWC diet and coral δ15N as a marine N cycle proxy
Authors: Mottram Josie L. , Gothmann Anne M. , Prokopenko Maria G. , Cordova Austin , Rollinson Veronica , Dobkowski Katie , Granger Julie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The nitrogen (N) isotope composition (δ15N) of cold-water corals is a promising proxy for reconstructing past ocean N cycling, as a strong correlation was found between the δ15N of the organic nitrogen preserved in coral skeletons and the δ15N of particulate organic matter exported from the surface ocean. However, a large offset of 8 ‰–9 ‰ between the δ15N recorded by the coral and that of exported particulate organic matter remains unexplained. The 8 ‰–9 ‰ offset may signal a higher trophic level of coral dietary sources, an unusually large trophic isotope effect or a biosynthetic δ15N offset between the coral's soft tissue and skeletal organic matter, or some combinations of these factors. To understand the origin of the offset and further validate the proxy, we investigated the trophic ecology of the asymbiotic scleractinian cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans, both in a laboratory setting and in its natural habitat. A long-term incubation experiment of B. elegans fed on an isotopically controlled diet yielded a canonical trophic isotope effect of 3.0 ± 0.1 ‰ between coral soft tissue and the Artemia prey. The trophic isotope effect was not detectably influenced by sustained food limitation. A long N turnover of coral soft tissue, expressed as an e-folding time, of 291 ± 15 d in the well-fed incubations indicates that coral skeleton δ15N is not likely to track subannual (e.g., seasonal) variability in diet δ15N. Specimens of B. elegans from the subtidal zone near San Juan Channel (WA, USA) revealed a modest difference of 1.2 ± 0.6 ‰ between soft tissue and skeletal δ15N. The δ15N of the coral soft tissue was 12.0 ± 0.6 ‰, which was ∼6 ‰ higher than that of suspended organic material that was comprised dominantly of phytoplankton – suggesting that phytoplankton is not the primary component of B. elegans' diet. An analysis of size-fractionated net tow material suggests that B. elegans fed predominantly on a size class of zooplankton ≥500 µm, implicating a two-level trophic transfer between phytoplankton material and coral tissue. These results point to a feeding strategy that may result in an influence of the regional food web structure on the cold-water coral δ15N. This factor should be taken into consideration when applying the proxy to paleo-oceanographic studies of ocean N cycling.
Temperature effect on seawater ƒCO2 revisited: theoretical basis, uncertainty analysis, and implications for parameterising carbonic acid equilibrium constants
Authors: Humphreys Matthew P. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The sensitivity of the fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater (ƒCO2) to temperature (denoted υ, reported in % °C–1) is critical for the accurate ƒCO2 measurements needed to build global carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of air-sea CO2 flux variability across the global ocean. Yet understanding and computing this property have until now been restricted to either using purely empirical functions fitted to experimental data or determining it as an emergent property of a fully resolved marine carbonate system, and these two approaches are not consistent with each other. The lack of a theoretical basis and an uncertainty estimate for υ has hindered resolving this discrepancy. Here, we develop a new approach to calculating the temperature sensitivity of ƒCO2 based on the equations governing the marine carbonate system and the van ‘t Hoff equation. This shows that ln(ƒCO2) should be proportional to 1/tK (where tK is temperature in K) to first order, rather than to temperature as has previously been assumed. Our new approach is consistent with experimental data, although more measurements are needed to confirm this, particularly at temperatures above 25 °C. It is consistent with field data, performing better than any other approach for adjusting ƒCO2 data by up to 10 °C. It is also consistent with calculations from a fully resolved marine carbonate system, which we have incorporated into the PyCO2SYS software. The uncertainty in υ arising from only measurement uncertainty in the scarce experimental data with which υ has been directly measured is on the order of 0.04 % °C–1, which corresponds to a 0.04 % uncertainty in ƒCO2 adjusted by +1 °C. However, spatiotemporal variability in υ is several times greater than this, so the true uncertainty due to the temperature adjustment in ƒCO2 adjusted by +1 °C using the most widely used constant υ value is around 0.24 %. This can be reduced to around 0.06 % by using the new approach proposed here, and this could be further reduced with more measurements. The spatiotemporal variability in υ arises from the equilibrium constants for CO2 solubility and carbonic acid dissociation (K1* and K2*) and its magnitude varies significantly depending on which parameterisation is used for K1* and K2*. Seawater ƒCO2 can be measured accurately enough that additional experiments should be able to detect spatiotemporal variability in υ and distinguish between the different parameterisations for K1* and K2*. Because the most widely used constant υ was coincidentally measured from seawater with roughly global average υ, our results are unlikely to significantly affect global air-sea CO2 flux budgets, but may have more important implications for regional budgets and studies that adjust by larger temperature differences.
PANABIO: a point-referenced PAN-Arctic data collection of benthic BIOtas
Authors: Piepenburg Dieter , Brey Thomas , Teschke Katharina , Dannheim Jennifer , Kloss Paul , Rehage Marianne , Hansen Miriam L. S. , Kraan Casper 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Profound environmental changes, such as drastic sea-ice decline, leave large-scale ecological footprints on the distribution and composition of marine biota in the Arctic. Currently, the impact of such stressors is not sufficiently understood due to the lack of pan-Arctic data that allow for estimating ecological baselines as well as modelling current and forecast potential changes in benthic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Here, we introduce the PAN-Arctic data collection of benthic BIOtas (PANABIO) and discuss its timeliness, potential, and details of its further development. The data collection contains individual datasets with records (presence, counts, abundance, or biomass) of benthic fauna, usually at genus level or species level, which were identified in field samples obtained at point-referenced locations (stations) by means of grabs, towed gear, or seabed imaging. The data cover the entire pan-Arctic realm, i.e. the central Arctic Ocean, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Laptev Sea, Kara Sea, Barents Sea (including the White Sea), Svalbard waters, Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea, Canadian Archipelago, Beaufort Sea, and Bering Sea as well as some adjacent sub-Arctic regions (Sea of Japan, Gulf of Okhotsk). Currently (as of 14 December 2023), PANABIO includes 27 datasets with a total of 126 388 records of 2978 taxa collected from 11 555 samples taken at 10 596 stations during 1095 cruises between 1800 and 2014. These numbers will increase with more data becoming available over time through contributions from PANABIO users. The data collection is available in a PostgreSQL-based data warehouse that can be accessed and queried through an open-access front-end web service at https://critterbase.awi.de/panabio (last access: 27 February 2024). A snapshot of the current data collection and its 27 individual datasets is also available from the data publisher PANGAEA (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.963640, Piepenburg et al., 2023).
Velocity variations and hydrological drainage at Baltoro Glacier, Pakistan
Authors: Wendleder Anna , Bramboeck Jasmin , Izzard Jamie , Erbertseder Thilo , d'Angelo Pablo , Schmitt Andreas , Quincey Duncan J. , Mayer Christoph , Braun Matthias H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Glacial meltwater directly influences glacier dynamics. However, in the case of debris-covered glaciers, the drivers of glacier velocity and the influence of supraglacial lakes have not yet been sufficiently analysed and understood. We present a spatio-temporal analysis of key glacier characteristics for Baltoro Glacier in the Karakoram from October 2016 to September 2022 based on Earth observation data and climate parameters extracted from the High Asia Refined analysis (HAR) data set. For the glacier variables, we used surface velocity, supraglacial lake extent, melt of snow and ice, and proglacial run-off index. For climate variables, we focused on air temperature and precipitation. The surface velocity of Baltoro Glacier was characterized by a spring speed-up, summer peak, and fall speed-up with a relative increase in summer of 0.2–0.3 m d−1 (75 %–100 %) in relation to winter velocities, triggered by the onset of or an increase in basal sliding. Snow and ice melt have the largest impact on the spring speed-up, summer velocity peak, and the transition from inefficient to efficient subglacial drainage. The melt covered up to 64 % (353 km2) of the entirety (debris-covered and debris-free) of Baltoro Glacier and reached up to 4700 m a.s.l. during the first melt peak and up to 5600 m a.s.l. during summer. The temporal delay between the initial peak of seasonal melt and the first relative velocity maximum decreases downglacier. Drainage from supraglacial lakes (3.6–5.9 km2) contributed to the fall speed-up, which showed a 0.1–0.2 m d−1 (20 %–30 %) lower magnitude compared to the summer velocity peak. Most of the run-off can be attributed to the melt of snow and ice. However, from mid-June onward, the lakes play an increasing role, even though their contribution is estimated to be only about half of that of the melt. The observed increase in summer air temperatures leads to a greater extent of melt, as well as to a rise in the number and total area of supraglacial lakes. This tendency is expected to intensify in a future warming climate.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM RỐI LOẠN CHỨC NĂNG ĐƯỜNG DẪN KHÍ NHỎ Ở BỆNH NHI HEN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1
Authors: Tuấn Trần Anh , Trinh Huỳnh Thị Mộng 
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Rối loạn chức năng đường dẫn khí nhỏ ở bệnh nhân hen là yếu tố nguy cơ quan trọng làm tăng tần suất các cơn hen cấp cũng như sự mất kiểm soát hen. Dao động xung kí (IOS) là công cụ có độ nhạy, độ đặc hiệu cao trong khảo sát chức năng đường dẫn khí nhỏ.
Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm khảo sát đặc điểm rối loạn chức năng đường dẫn khí nhỏ và ảnh hưởng của nó đối với trẻ mắc bệnh hen thông qua xét nghiệm dao động xung ký.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, được thực hiện tại phòng khám Hô hấp, Bệnh viện Nhi đồng 1 từ tháng 9 năm 2020 đến tháng 4 năm 2021. Tất cả bệnh nhi hen (từ 3 -16 tuổi) có khả năng đo dao động xung kí được đánh giá trong nghiên cứu này.
Kết quả: Trong 118 trẻ tham gia nghiên cứu, 42,4% trẻ có tắc nghẽn đường dẫn khí nhỏ trên IOS. Trẻ béo phì có nguy cơ tắc nghẽn đường thở nhỏ cao hơn so với nhóm không béo phì (OR= 2,86 ; KTC 95%: 1,23-6,66). Trẻ có rối loạn chức năng đường dẫn khí nhỏ có nguy cơ xuất hiện triệu chứng ban ngày >2 lần/ tuần và triệu chứng ban đêm cao hơn so với nhóm còn lại, tỷ số chênh lần lượt là OR= 2,33 (KTC 95%: 1,11-4,93);OR= 2,28 (KTC 95%: 1,08-4,8). Giá trị X5 và AX trước đáp ứng giãn phế quản, ở điểm cắt lần lượt là -0,36 kPa/L/s và 2,8 kPa/L, là 2 chỉ số tốt nhất để đánh giá hen không kiểm soát (AUC=0,68) với giá trị tiên đoán dương cao gần 80%.
Kết luận: Rối loạn chức năng đường dẫn khí ngoại biên có mối liên quan mật thiết với tình trạng hen không kiểm soát. IOS là một phương tiện thăm dò chức năng hô hấp đáng tin cậy để khảo sát chức năng của vùng phổi này, nhất là ở trẻ em.
Electrical Engineering and its Aspects in the Modern Concept of Technical Education
Authors: Serafin Cestmir 
Published: March 2024

This paper focuses on some aspects in the concept of teaching electrical engineering in technical education. It is presented the issues of possible approaches and tools allowing to implement the teaching of electrical engineering in a demonstrative and entertaining way using contemporary means based on digital technologies. In this framework, the possibilities of motivating students are also presented and some findings from selected scientific papers, domestic and foreign research are also summarized.
The introductory part presents the issues related to the definition of subject or subject didactics of electrical engineering as a prerequisite for successful teaching by teachers. The next part is devoted to a research investigation focused on the application of new approaches to teaching electrical engineering in school practice, the possibility of linking virtual or augmented reality in a demonstrative approach to teaching, the use of online applications to solve electrical engineering problems and thus linking the practical form of electrical engineering with the theory presented in the classroom with the support of digital technologies.
The conclusion then summarizes the possibilities associated with the teaching of electrical engineering and the search for new paths that are common to both students preparing for the teaching profession and the students who will one day be guided by these teachers through the secrets of electrical engineering as one of the most important fields of human activity.
Inquérito sorológico para o diagnóstico de leptospiroses entre cortadores de cana de açúcar de alguns municípios do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Hiakutake Saburô , Oswaldo Alvares Corrêa Marcelo , Natale Vail , Da Costa Couto Moacyr , Mazzari Romeu , Pacheco Aninoel 
Published: March 2024

Os autores efetuaram um inquérito sorológico entre lavradores que trabalham no corte de cana de açúcar visando a pesquisar a possível ocorrência de leptospiroses, doenças que ocorrem em outros países como a Austrália, por exemplo, com características de doenças relacionadas às condições do trabalho. Como método diagnóstico foi utilizada a soro-aglutinação com antígeno formolado, em placas de porcelana escavadas, empregando-se como antígenos 20 sorotipos diferentes de leptospiras. Foram examinadas 210 amostras de soro de trabalhadores do município de Piracicaba, 114 amostras do município de Cosmópolis, 36 do município de Araraquara e 76 do município de Lins, perfazendo o total de 436 amostras; foram encontrados quatro casos de soro-aglutinação positiva: um para Leptospira andamana ao título de 1/400, um para L. icterohaemorrhagiae ao título de 1/800, um positivo para L. pyrogenes e L. saxkoebing; ao título de 1/400 e um positivo para L. djasiman a 1/1600 e para L. javanica a 1/800. A baixa incidência de leptospiroses assinalada, inferior a 11% das amostras examinadas, embora o inquérito tenha sido efetuado no decurso de estiagem excepcional (1964), autoriza a negar, na amostra examinada de cortadores de cana de açúcar, a ocorrência de leptospiroses com características de doenças correlacionadas à atividade profissional.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TEKNIK BERTUKAR PASANGAN SISWA KELAS X PADA MATA PELAJARAN EKONOMI
Authors: Ningsih Ekawati , Rooroh Agnes , Slat Ferry 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Pendidikan IPS diharapkan dapat menjadi wahana bagi peserta didik untuk mempelajari diri sendiri dan alam sekitar, serta prospek pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam menerapkannya di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Proses pembelajarannya menekankan pada pemberian pengalaman langsung untuk mengembangkan kompetensi agar menjelajahi dan memahami alam sekitar secara ilmiah. Pendidikan IPS diarahkan untuk inkuiri dan berbuat sehingga dapat membantu peserta didik untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang alam sekitar.
Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk Meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dengan Menggunakan Model Kooperatif Teknik Bertukar Pasangan Siswa Kelas X Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi.
Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan (action Research) yang terdiri dari 2 (dua) siklus, dan setiap siklus terdiri dari: Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Pengamatan, dan refleksi.
Penggunaan Model Kooperatif Teknik Bertukar Pasangan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa pada pembelajaran Ekonomi Kelas X SMAIT Harapan Bunda Manado yaitu pada siklus 1 sebesar 61,77 %, pada siklus 2 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 20,89 % menjadi 82,66 %.
Penggunaan Model Kooperatif Teknik Bertukar Pasangan mampu meningkatkan kinerja guru pada pembelajaran Ekonomi Kelas X SMAIT Harapan Bunda Manado yaitu pada siklus 1 nilai rata-rata kinerja guru melaksanakan pembelajaran sebesar 3,39 dengan kategori baik dan pada siklus 2 nilai rata-rata mengalami peningkatan sebesar 8.75% menjadi 3,74 dengan kategori baik sekali.
Kata Kunci : Aktivitas Belajar, Model Kooperatif Teknik Bertukar

ABSTRACT
It is hoped that social studies education can become a vehicle for students to learn about themselves and the natural world around them, as well as prospects for further development in applying it in everyday life. The learning process emphasizes providing direct experience to develop competencies to explore and understand the natural surroundings scientifically. Social studies education is directed at inquiry and action so that it can help students gain a deeper understanding of the natural environment.
The aim of this research is to increase learning activities by using a cooperative model of pair swapping techniques for Class X students in economics subjects.
The method used in this research is Action Research which consists of 2 (two) cycles, and each cycle consists of: Planning, Implementation, Observation and reflection.
The use of the Cooperative Model of Partner Swapping Techniques was able to increase student learning activity in Class
The use of the Cooperative Model of Partner Swapping Techniques is able to improve teacher performance in Class % to 3.74 in the very good category.
Keywords: Learning Activities, Cooperative Model of Exchange Techniques
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS TERPADU KELAS VIIB MELALUI METODE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT
Authors: Kada Muslim , Kambey Joseph 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu kelas VIIB Melalui metode Team Games Tournament di SMP negeri 6 Tolitoli.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, dengan setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XVIIB yang berjumlah 26 orang siswa. Sumber data berasal dari guru dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan wawancara, angket dan dokumenter.
Penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Games Tournament dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIIB. Aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat sejak pelaksanaan siklus pertama sampai siklus ketiga.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Games Tournament dapat meningkatkan motivas belajar siswa kelas XVIIB SMP Negeri 6 Tolitoli pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu. Hal ini tergambar dari keterlaksanaan dari siklus I mencapai rata-rata sebesar 75,00 %, dan siklus II mencapai rata-rata sebesar 92,86 %.
Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament, motivasi belajar.

ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to increase students' learning motivation in the Integrated Social Sciences subject class VIIB through the Team Games Tournament method at SMP Negeri 6 Tolitoli. This research is classroom action research (PTK). The research was carried out in three cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. The research subjects were 26 class XVIIB students. Data sources come from teachers and students. Data collection techniques are interviews, questionnaires and documentaries. This research is about the application of the Team Games Tournament type cooperative learning model which can increase the learning motivation of class VIIB students. Student learning activities increased from the implementation of the first cycle to the third cycle. The research results show that through the application of the Team Games Tournament type cooperative learning model, it can increase the learning motivation of class XVIIB students at SMP Negeri 6 Tolitoli in the Integrated Social Sciences subject. This is illustrated by the implementation of cycle I reaching an average of 75.00%, and cycle II reaching an average of 92.86%.
Keywords: Team Games Tournament learning model, learning motivation.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA DALAM PELAJARAN EKONOMI BISNIS MELALUI PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS 12 OTKP SMK N 4 BITUNG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Tendean Reynold Stenly , Wuisang Jerry , Rumbayan Linda 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar materi Titik Pulang Pokok pada siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 4 Batuputih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran PBL efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar materi Titik Pulang Pokok pada siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dari 71,94 pada pre-test menjadi 79,83 pada post-test. Peningkatan ini sebesar 7,89 poin. Penerapan model pembelajaran PBL dapat membantu siswa lebih mudah memahami konsep Titik Pulang Pokok. Hal ini dikarenakan model pembelajaran PBL mendorong siswa untuk berpikir kritis dalam memecahkan masalah, memahami teori dan praktik ekonomi bisnis secara mendalam, serta mendorong kerja sama dan komunikasi.
Kata kunci: Problem Based Learning, Titik Pulang Pokok, Hasil belajar

ABSTRACT
This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in improving learning outcomes in the Homecoming Point material for class XI students at SMK Negeri 4 Batuputih. The research results show that the application of the PBL learning model is effective in improving student learning outcomes on Homecoming Point material. This is proven by the increase in the average value of student learning outcomes from 71.94 on the pre-test to 79.83 on the post-test. This increase was 7.89 points. Applying the PBL learning model can help students more easily understand the concept of Homecoming Points. This is because the PBL learning model encourages students to think critically in solving problems, understand the theory and practice of business economics in depth, and encourage cooperation and communication.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Breaking Point, Learning Outcomes
Does service quality influence patient satisfaction?
Authors: Fakhri Rizqi 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasam pasien pada Poliklinik Satuan Brimop Pekanbaru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien Poliklinik Satuan Brimob Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 3.849 pasien. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 98 pasien dengan teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang bersumber dari kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan t hitung (10.045) > t tabel (1,984) dan nilai sig 0.000 < 0,05, maka kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan Poliklinik Satuan Brimop Pekanbaru.Dari hasil koefisien determinasi bahwa koefisien determinasi (R2) adalah sebesar 0,512 Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan pasien dipengaruhi sebesar 51,2 % oleh kualitas pelayanan sedangkan sisanya sebesar 48,8 % dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian ini.