bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat (PXD101) in preclinical models of prostate cancer
Authors: Qian Xiaozhong , Ara Gulshan , Mills Evan , LaRochelle William J. , Lichenstein Henri S. , Jeffers Michael 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHistone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) represent a promising new class of anticancer agents. In the current investigation, we examined the activity of the HDACi belinostat in preclinical models of prostate cancer. In vitro proliferation assays demonstrated that belinostat potently inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cell lines (IC50 < 1.0 μM) and was cytotoxic to these cells. Washout experiments indicated that exposure to belinostat for relatively short periods of time (<12 hr) induced suboptimal growth‐inhibition and that cells exposed to 1.0 μM belinostat for 48 hr retained the capacity for regrowth following drug withdrawal, while cells exposed to 4.0 μM belinostat were irreversibly growth‐inhibited. Cell cycle analyses demonstrated that belinostat induced G2/M arrest and increased the percentage of cells with subG1 DNA content, thus confirming the growth‐inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of this compound. Normal prostate epithelial cells were generally less susceptible to the effects of belinostat than were prostate cancer cells. In an orthotopic prostate cancer tumor model, belinostat inhibited tumor growth by up to 43%. Moreover, metastatic lung lesions were present in 47% of vehicle‐treated animals but in none of the animals administered belinostat. Consistent with its observed antimetastatic activity, belinostat inhibited the migration of prostate tumor cells and increased the production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) by these cells, the latter effect being replicated by siRNA knockdown of HDAC3. Belinostat also increased the expression of p21 and decreased the expression of potentially oncogenic proteins (mutant p53 and ERG). These results support the clinical evaluation of belinostat for the treatment of prostate cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Germline hypermethylation of the APC promoter is not a frequent cause of familial adenomatous polyposis in APC/MUTYH mutation negative families
Authors: Romero‐Giménez Jordi , Dopeso Higinio , Blanco Ignacio , Guerra‐Moreno Angel , Gonzalez Sara , Vogt Stefanie , Aretz Stefan , Schwartz Simo , Capella Gabriel , Arango Diego 
Published: November 2007

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant syndrome predisposing to colorectal cancer and affects 1 in 5–10,000 births. Inheritance of a mutant allele of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is the cause of ∼80% of FAP and 20–30% of an attenuated form of FAP (AFAP), whereas mutations in MUTYH account for a small proportion of the remaining cases. However, the genetic cause of FAP/AFAP in a significant number of families is not known, and cancer risk for individual members of these families cannot be assessed. There is, therefore, an acute need to identify the underlying genetic cause responsible for FAP/AFAP in APC/MUTYH mutation negative families. Hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter of tumor suppressor genes can result in gene silencing, has been shown to be functionally equivalent to genetic mutations and can be inherited. Moreover, APC promoter hypermethylation is observed in ∼20% of sporadic colorectal tumors and correlates with the loss of gene expression. In our study, we used bisulfite treatment and direct sequencing of 2 regulatory regions of APC containing a total of 25 CpG dinucleotides, to investigate the possible role of germline hypermethylation of the APC promoter in FAP and AFAP families that were negative for APC and MUTYH mutations. Analysis of 21 FAP and 39 AFAP families did not identify signs of abnormal promoter methylation, indicating that this form of epigenetic silencing is not a common cause of FAP/AFAP. These results substantially contribute to clarify the potential role of germline epimutations as a cause of inherited predisposition to cancer. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CS‐706, a novel cyclooxygenase‐2 selective inhibitor, prolonged the survival of tumor‐bearing mice when treated alone or in combination with anti‐tumor chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Senzaki Michiyo , Ishida Saori , Yada Ayumi , Hanai Masaharu , Fujiwara Kosaku , Inoue Shin‐Ichi , Kimura Tomio , Kurakata Shinichi 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe potent chemopreventive activity of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitors has been demonstrated in a number of preclinical studies, but their potency in antitumor activity is still in dispute. In this report, we demonstrate the potent antitumor activity of a novel COX‐2 inhibitor, CS‐706 in mouse colorectal adenocarcinoma colon 26 tumor‐bearing mice treated with or without antitumor chemotherapeutic agents. Daily oral administration of CS‐706 at doses of 3–100 mg/kg from the day of tumor inoculation (Day 0) inhibited tumor growth dose‐dependently, and the maximal inhibition was 67% at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In contrast, celecoxib, a well‐known COX‐2 inhibitor, did not inhibit tumor growth at doses up to 100 mg/kg. Furthermore, CS‐706 at a dose of 1 mg/kg or above markedly prolonged the survival time of tumor‐bearing mice. Administration of 30 mg/kg CS‐706 from Day 7 combined with a single intravenous treatment of 10 mg/kg cisplatin on Day 7 completely regressed the tumors in all tumor‐bearing mice examined, whereas only in 1 of 10 mice tumor was regressed with cisplatin treatment. Similar combination effects were observed with 10 mg/kg CS‐706 and 60 mg/kg 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). Moreover, 10 mg/kg CS‐706 significantly inhibited angiogenesis induced by implanted chambers with colon 26 cells in a dorsal air sac assay in mice. Collectively, these results suggest that CS‐706 is a potent antitumor agent, especially in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents, and that the anti‐angiogenic activity of CS‐706 may contribute at least in part to its marked antitumor activity. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of tumor suppressive activity by irradiation microcell‐mediated chromosome transfer and involvement of alpha B‐crystallin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Lung Hong Lok , Lo Cathy Carfield , Wong Carmen Chak Lui , Cheung Arthur Kwok Leung , Cheong Ka Fu , Wong Nathalie , Kwong Fung Mei , Chan King Chi , Law Evan Wai Lok , Tsao Sai Wah , Chua Daniel , Sham Jonathan Shuntong , Cheng Yue , Stanbridge Eric J. , Robertson Gavin P. , Lung Maria Li 
Published: November 2007

AbstractIn previous studies, we successfully refined nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) critical regions (CRs) mapping to chromosome 11q13 and 11q22‐23. The chromosome 11 fragment containing the 1.8 Mb NPC CR at 11q13 (CR1), the CR at 11q22.3 mapped near D11S2000 (CR2), part of the CR at 11q23.1‐11q23.2 overlapping with D11S1300 and D11S1391 (CR3), and the CR at cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) locus (CR4), was chosen as the chromosome 11 donor cell line for the present study. Gamma irradiation was applied to cleave this truncated chromosome into smaller fragments and a new panel of donor cells containing further deleted fragments was produced. Subclones XMCH3.2 and XMCH3.4 were chosen for subsequent transfer to HONE1 cells; each contains a single copy of deleted chromosome 11 fragment with or without CR2 and the THY1 locus, previously shown to be involved in NPC. Both resultant chromosome 11 fragments in XMCH3.2 and XMCH3.4 caused tumor suppression. The association of alpha B‐crystallin (CRYAB), a gene identified as being differentially expressed by gene profiling of NPC and an immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line, and which is located near CR3, was found to be associated with tumor suppression in all the tumor‐suppressive hybrids. In addition, the expression level of this gene was down‐regulated in the 7 NPC cell lines and in 5 out of 14 normal/tumor tissue pairs in the present study. Both promoter hypermethylation and allelic loss may be involved in the inactivation of this gene, suggesting its possible role in NPC development. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interleukin‐6 activates PI3K/Akt pathway and regulates cyclin A1 to promote prostate cancer cell survival
Authors: Wegiel Barbara , Bjartell Anders , Culig Zoran , Persson Jenny Liao 
Published: November 2007

AbstractInterleukin‐6 (IL6) is a growth and survival factor in human prostate cancer (PCa) cells with aggressive phenotypes and has been implicated in the progression of hormone refractory PCas. In the present study, we characterized the IL6‐triggered PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signaling. We identified the A‐type cyclin, cyclin A1 as an important downstream target of PI3K/Akt. Treatment of cells with PI3K inhibitor or cotransfection with a vector expressing wild‐type PTEN decreased cyclin A1 promoter activity. Cyclin A1 promoter activity and its expression were upregulated by constitutively active myristoylated Akt and were downregulated by dominant negative Akt in response to IL6 stimulation. LNCaP cells overexpressing cyclin A1 are resistant to camptothecin‐induced apoptosis. Conversely, targeted knockdown of cyclin A1 via shRNA in LNCaP IL6+ cells resulted in decreased survival after treatment with camptothecin. This suggests that cyclin A1 is an important downstream target of PI3K/Akt that transduces survival signals in response to IL6 stimulation. Xenograft tumors generated from LNCaP‐IL6+ cells expressing IL6 had higher levels of cyclin A1 and had rapid tumor growth compared to LNCaP xenograft tumors. Taken together, IL6 might utilize PI3K/Akt and cyclin A1 to promote tumor cell survival in PCa. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oligodeoxynucleotide decoy therapy blocks type 1 procollagen transcription and the prolyl hydroxylase β subunit translation
Authors: Lok Chun‐Nam , Ehrlich H. Paul , White Sheryl L. , Buttolph Thomas R. , Cutroneo Kenneth R. , Chiu Jen‐Fu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPersistent transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) exposure to lungs increases type 1 collagen synthesis and deposition resulting in excess fibrosis which leads to morbidity and possibly death. We now report using human embryonic lung fibroblasts in the presence of TGF‐β1, a novel double‐stranded (ds) DNA decoy with phosphorothioate (PT) linkages, containing the TGF‐β cis‐element found in the distal promoter region of the COL1A1 gene which silences COL1A1 gene expression. In a cell‐free protein translation system, we have previously reported that collagen synthesis was inhibited by disulfide isomerase, the prolyl‐4‐hydroxylase (P‐4‐H) β subunit. By comparative proteomics dsdecoy therapy increased the levels of disulfide isomerase, the P‐4‐H β subunit. These findings taken together support the notion that the dsdecoy inhibits type 1 collagen synthesis at both the transcriptional and translational levels. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1066–1075, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low substratum rigidity of collagen gel promotes ERK phosphorylation via lipid raft to augment cell migration
Authors: Wei Wei‐Chun , Hsu Yu‐Chih , Chiu Wen‐Tai , Wang Chau‐Zen , Wu Ching‐Ming , Wang Yang‐Kao , Shen Meng‐Ru , Tang Ming‐Jer 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPrevious study demonstrated that low substratum rigidity down‐regulates focal adhesion proteins. In this study we found that cells cultured on collagen gel exhibited higher migration capacity than those cultured on collagen gel‐coated dishes. Low rigidity of collagen gel induced delayed but persistent phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Inhibition of collagen gel‐induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation by MEK inhibitors and ERK2 kinase mutant induced a rounding up of the cells and prevented collagen gel‐induced cell migration. Interestingly, phosphorylated ERK1/2 induced by low rigidity was present in focal adhesion sites and the lipid raft. MβCD (Methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin), a lipid raft inhibitor, inhibited collagen gel‐induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and cell migration. Overexpression of FAK C‐terminal fragment (FRNK) in MDCK cells triggered ERK phosphorylation. Meanwhile, low substratum rigidity induced degradation of FAK into a 35 kDa C‐terminal fragment. A calpain inhibitor that partially rescued FAK degradation also prevented low rigidity‐induced ERK phosphorylation. However, MβCD did not prevent low rigidity‐induced FAK degradation. Taken together, we demonstrate that the degradation product of FAK induced by collagen gel triggers activation of ERK1/2, which in turn facilitates cell spreading and migration through the lipid raft. J. Cell. Biochem. 103: 1111–1124, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glycogen synthase kinase‐3beta suppresses tumor necrosis factor‐alpha expression in cardiomyocytes during lipopolysaccharide stimulation
Authors: Shen E. , Fan Jue , Peng Tianqing 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThis study was to investigate the role of glycogen synthase kinase‐3beta (GSK‐3β) in cardiomyocyte tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) expression induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes, LPS induced TNF‐α expression and increased GSK‐3β activation. Inhibition of GSK‐3β by SB216763 or by over‐expression of a dominant negative mutant of GSK‐3β significantly enhanced TNF‐α expression in LPS‐stimulated cardiomyocytes, in association with an increase in p65 phosphorylation. In contrast, over‐expression of GSK‐3β by adenoviral vectors containing wild‐type GSK‐3β or a constitutively active GSK‐3β attenuated TNF‐α expression induced by LPS. Further evidence to support the inhibitory role of GSK‐3β in TNF‐α expression is that protein kinase B (Akt) signaling, an upstream inhibitor of GSK‐3β, promotes TNF‐α expression in LPS‐stimulated cardiomyocytes and this action of Akt signaling can be mimicked by GSK‐3β inactivation. Our study demonstrates that GSK‐3β plays an inhibitory role in cardiomyocyte TNF‐α expression during LPS stimulation, and it may be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis. J. Cell. Biochem. 104: 329–338, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serine dehydratase and tyrosine aminotransferase activities increased by long‐term starvation and recovery by refeeding in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Peragón Juan , Barroso Juan B. , De la Higuera M. , Lupiáñez José A. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractHere, we study a cycle of long‐term starvation followed by refeeding in relation to the kinetics of serine dehydratase (SerDH) and tyrosine aminotransferase (TyrAT) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We determine SerDH‐ and TyrAT‐ specific activity at different substrate concentrations in liver and white muscle of juvenile trout starved for 70 days and then refed for 6 hr, 32 hr, 4 days, and 9 days. SerDH showed a hyperbolic kinetic with a Km for L‐serine of 77.07±8.78 mM in the liver of control trout. After 70 days of starvation, the SerDH activity at saturate substrate concentration rose 100% over control. No significant changes were found in the Km values of the enzyme. After refeeding, the SerDH activity declined to control values. TyrAT also showed a hyperbolic kinetic with a Km for L‐tyrosine of 1.86±0.12 and 2.55±0.57 mM in liver and white muscle, respectively. In starved trout, TyrAT activity in liver and white muscle was about 64 and 267%, respectively, higher than control. After 9 days of refeeding, the control values recovered, although, at 6 hr of refeeding, hepatic TyrAT activity was higher than that for starvation. This work shows that SerDH and TyrAT are present in rainbow trout and that the two enzymes have regulatory functions in the catabolism of their respective amino acids in this species. J. Exp. Zool. 309:25–34, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Movers and shakers: evolution and development of the mesoderm
Authors: Davidson Brad 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGroundbreaking research in a wide variety of organisms has begun to address fundamental questions regarding the evolutionary origin of mesoderm and how patterning of this emergent tissue layer has played a central role in the diversification of metazoan body plans. However, attempts to synthesize this growing body of research have been limited. To address this perceived gap, a symposium entitled “Movers and Shakers: The Evolution and Development of Mesoderm” was held at the 2006 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology Conference in Orlando, Florida. The papers derived from this symposium cover a broad range of organisms and approaches. It was our intention that integration of the data and methodologies from these diverse research programs would generate new hypotheses and collaborative efforts to decipher fundamental questions of mesoderm development and evolution. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 310B:1–4, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An excluded minor theorem for the Octahedron plus an edge
Authors: Maharry John 
Published: November 2007

AbstractLet G be the unique 4‐connected simple graph obtained by adding an edge to the Octahedron. Every 4‐connected graph that does not contain a minor isomorphic to G is either planar or the square of an odd cycle. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 57: 124–130, 2008
Prism‐hamiltonicity of triangulations
Authors: Biebighauser Daniel P. , Ellingham M. N. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe prism over a graph G is the Cartesian product G □ K2 of G with the complete graph K2. If the prism over G is hamiltonian, we say that G is prism‐hamiltonian. We prove that triangulations of the plane, projective plane, torus, and Klein bottle are prism‐hamiltonian. We additionally show that every 4‐connected triangulation of a surface with sufficiently large representativity is prism‐hamiltonian, and that every 3‐connected planar bipartite graph is prism‐hamiltonian. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 57: 181–197, 2008
Relationship between Enzyme Adsorption and Enzyme‐Catalyzed Degradation of Polylactides
Authors: Zhao Zhenxian , Yang Liu , Hua Jiajie , Wei Jia , Gachet Sylvie , Ghzaoui Abdelslam El , Li Suming 
Published: November 2007

AbstractThe adsorption of proteinase K on PLLA and PDLA films was studied by CA, surface tension, and microscopic measurements. ESEM clearly shows that proteinase K can irreversibly adsorb on PLLA film. In contrast, no enzyme adsorption was detected on PDLA film under the same conditions. The CA of PLLA film rapidly decreases after immersion in Tris buffer containing proteinase K, whereas that of PDLA remains unchanged. These findings indicate that enzyme adsorption may be a prerequisite for enzymatic degradation of polylactide substrates. Surface tension measurements allow calculation of the average area occupied per proteinase K molecule. The results show that the enzyme molecules exhibit a more compact conformation at higher temperature.magnified image
Monitoring the Chemical Heterogeneity and the Crystallization Behavior of PP‐g‐PS Graft Copolymers Using SEC‐FTIR and CRYSTAF
Authors: Macko Tibor , Schulze Ulrich , Brüll Robert , Albrecht Andreas , Pasch Harald , Fónagy Tamás , Häussler Liane , Iván Béla 
Published: November 2007

AbstractGraft copolymers of propene with styrene were analyzed with regard to their chemical heterogeneity using both SEC coupled to FT‐IR spectroscopy and CRYSTAF. The SEC‐FTIR indicates chemical homogeneity of the copolymer samples. The decrease in crystallization temperature in CRYSTAF does not correlate with the concentration of PS in the samples but it correlates decisively with the branching frequency. The length of the PS branches does not influence the crystallization temperature in CRYSTAF, although the longest branches in the individual samples were 44 times longer than the shortest ones.magnified image
pH/Thermosensitive Hydrogels Formed at Low pH by a PMMA‐PAA‐P2VP‐PAA‐PMMA Pentablock Terpolymer
Authors: Stavrouli Nikoletta , Katsampas Ilias , Aggelopoulos Sotirios , Tsitsilianis Constantinos 
Published: November 2007

AbstractA poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(acrylic acid)‐block‐poly(2‐vinyl pyridine)‐block‐poly(acrylic acid)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA‐PAA‐P2VP‐PAA‐PMMA), pentablock terpolymer has been synthesized by anionic polymerization with sequential addition of monomers and studied in aqueous media at low pH. The system exhibits combined properties and adopts the behavior of ‘telechelic’ polyelectrolytes and that of double hydrophilic polyampholytes. This complex behavior leads to the pentablock terpolymer forming a pH and temperature sensitive reversible hydrogel at very low polymer concentration.magnified image
Sucrose‐Branched Polymer Synthesized by Protease from Bacillus Subtilis
Authors: Borges Maurício Rodrigues , Balaban Rosangela 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSummary: Vinyl sugar ester, 1′‐O‐vinyladipoyl‐sucrose, was synthesized using sucrose and DVA (divinyl adipate) in organic medium (dimethylformamide), catalyzed by protease from Bacillus subtilis. Several reaction conditions were examined by means of qualitative analysis (TLC). The monomer obtained has undergone chemical polymerization with potassium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide to produce an amphiphilic polymer having sugar branches. The monomer was characterized by 13C‐NMR and FTIR spectra. The IR analysis confirmed the synthesis of the poly (1′‐O‐vinyladipoyl‐sucrose).
Synthesis and Characterization of Dendronized Polymers
Authors: Calderón Marcelo , Martinelli Marisa , Froimowicz Pablo , Leiva Angel , Gargallo Ligia , Radic´ Deodato , Strumia Miriam C. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractSummary: This research aims at the synthesis of several dendrons with different functional groups on their surface, and their use as functionalizing agents of synthetic polymers. Two principal products were synthesized and characterized: dendronized MDI oligomers and dendronized PMMI. The results of the characterization studies of dendronized polymers demonstrated the influence of the polarity of dendrons and the dendronization pathway on the properties of the final products.
Reinforcement of Polyamide 6 with Nanoparticles
Authors: Giraldo Luis F. , Echeverri Mauricio , López Betty L. 
Published: November 2007

AbstractPolyamide 6 has been reinforced by in situ polymerization of ε‐caprolactam by using either 2 wt % of multiwall carbon nanotubes of two different diameters and length or 2 wt % functionalized nonporous Stöber silica. The carbon nanotubes were synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition of ethylene over two different supports: iron particles supported on MCM41 mesoporous silica and iron‐cobalt particles on CaCO3, in order to produce multiwall carbon nanotubes with average diameter of 32 and 58 nm respectively. The Stöber silica particles with diameters of 85 nm and 150 nm were functionalized with 3‐aminotrimethoxypropyl silane. The thermal stability of nanotubes/Polyamide 6 nanocomposites increases compared to the neat polyamide 6, and this increase is even larger when the functionalized silica nanoparticles are used as a filler. The crystallinity of polyamide is enhanced when carbon nanotubes are functionalized, but it decreases with or without functionalization of the silica particles. The nanotubes increase the temperature of crystallization in the nanocomposites due to the reduction in the mobility of polymer chains.