bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to oxidative balance score is inversely associated with the prevalence of stroke: results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018
Authors: Chen Jiarui , Liu Jianjian , Gu Zhaowen , Fan Jiayong , Lei Shuxin , Zhang Qia , Pan Kai , Wang Yongjie 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe relationship between oxidative balance score (OBS), an emerging integrative metric for assessing individual redox homeostasis, and the prevalence of stroke in the general population remains unknown. We aimed to explore these relationships in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We investigated the relationship between the oxidative balance score (OBS) and stroke prevalence using NHANES data from 1999–2018.MethodsWe included eligible individuals from NHANES 1999–2018. OBS calculations were based on previously validated methods, and stroke diagnoses were based on self-reports in questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine the independent associations of overall, dietary, and lifestyle OBS with stroke prevalence. In addition, restricted cubic spline (RCS), stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis were used.ResultsWe included 25,258 participants aged 20–85 years, in which the prevalence of stroke was 2.66%. After adjusting for all confounders, overall and dietary OBS, but not lifestyle OBS, were inversely associated with the prevalence of stroke [odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 0.97 (0.96, 0.99) and 0.98 (0.96, 0.99) for overall and dietary OBS, respectively, both p &lt; 0.05]. In addition, there was a dose-response relationship between overall and dietary OBS and stroke prevalence. The RCS showed that these relationships were linear. Stratified analyses indicated that socioeconomic status (SES) significantly influenced the relationship between all OBS and stroke prevalence.ConclusionDietary OBS, but not lifestyle OBS, had an inverse relationship with the prevalence of stroke in the general population. SES significantly influenced the protective effect of OBS against stroke. These findings emphasize the importance of integrated antioxidant properties from diet for stroke prevention.
Phytochemical analysis and biological investigation of Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.) Swartz
Authors: Juhi Umme Habiba , El-Nashar Heba A. S. , Al Faruq Abdullah , Bhuia Md. Shimul , Sultana Irin , Alam Syedul , Abuyousef Farah , Saleh Na’il , El-Shazly Mohamed , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:Cheilanthes tenuifolia is an evergreen ornamental small fern, belonging to the family Pteridaceae, that grows in warm and rocky regions worldwide. Many species of Cheilanthes genus are evidently endowed with important phytochemicals and bioactivities. This study aimed to perform a preliminary phytochemical analysis of Cheilanthes tenuifolia leaves alongside an evaluation of free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and clot lysis activities of extract fractions.Materials and methods: A preliminary phytochemical analysis was done after fractionation of ethanolic extract (ECT) with n-hexane (HCT) and chloroform (CCT). Then, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, egg albumin and RBC membrane stabilization tests, disc diffusion, and human blood clot lysis assays were performed.Results: Phytochemical investigations suggested that the plant is rich in alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and flavonoids. All obtained fractions exhibited concentration-dependent radical scavenging, inhibition of egg protein denaturation and RBC membrane lysis capacities. Except for antifungal tests, ECT exhibited better DPPH radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and clot lysis capacities than HCT and CCT fractions. However, all fractions exhibited a mild anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion:C. tenuifolia might be a good source of antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-atherothrombotic agents. Further studies are required to isolate and characterize the active principles liable for each bioactivity, along with possible molecular interactions.
Intracellular acidity impedes KCa3.1 activation by Riluzole and SKA-31
Authors: Cozzolino Marco , Panyi Gyorgy 
Published: April 2024

Background:The unique microenvironment in tumors inhibits the normal functioning of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, leading to immune evasion and cancer progression. Over-activation of KCa3.1 using positive modulators has been proposed to rescue the anti-tumor response. One of the key characteristics of the tumor microenvironment is extracellular acidity. Herein, we analyzed how intra- and extracellular pH affects K+ currents through KCa3.1 and if the potency of two of its positive modulators, Riluzole and SKA-31, is pH sensitive.Methods:Whole-cell patch-clamp was used to measure KCa3.1 currents either in activated human peripheral lymphocytes or in CHO cells transiently transfected with either the H192A mutant or wild-type hKCa3.1 in combination with T79D-Calmodulin, or with KCa2.2.Results:We found that changes in the intra- and extracellular pH minimally influenced the KCa3.1-mediated K+ current. Extracellular pH, in the range of 6.0–8.0, does not interfere with the capacity of Riluzole and SKA-31 to robustly activate the K+ currents through KCa3.1. Contrariwise, an acidic intracellular solution causes a slow, but irreversible loss of potency of both the activators. Using different protocols of perfusion and depolarization we demonstrated that the loss of potency is strictly time and pH-dependent and that this peculiar effect can be observed with a structurally similar channel KCa2.2. While two different point mutations of both KCa3.1 (H192A) and its associated protein Calmodulin (T79D) do not limit the effect of acidity, increasing the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration to saturating levels eliminated the loss-of-potency phenotype.Conclusion:Based on our data we conclude that KCa3.1 currents are not sensitive the either the intracellular or the extracellular pH in the physiological and pathophysiological range. However, intracellular acidosis in T cells residing in the tumor microenvironment could hinder the potentiating effect of KCa3.1 positive modulators administered to boost their activity. Further research is warranted both to clarify the molecular interactions between the modulators and KCa3.1 at different intracellular pH conditions and to define whether this loss of potency can be observed in cancer models as well.
BrTTG1 regulates seed coat proanthocyanidin formation through a direct interaction with structural gene promoters of flavonoid pathway and glutathione S-transferases in Brassica rapa L.
Authors: Zhao Wenju , Li Xiaojuan , Wen Junqin , Li Quanhui , Bian Shuanling , Ren Yanjing 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSeed coat color is a significant agronomic trait in horticultural crops such as Brassica rapa which is characterized by brown or yellow seed coat coloration. Previous Brassica rapa studies have shown that BrTTG1 is responsible for seed coat proanthocyanidin formation, which is dependent on the MYB-bHLH-WD40 complex, whereas some studies have reported that TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (TTG1) directly interacts with the structural gene promoters of the flavonoid pathway. MethodsHerein, the brown-seeded inbred B147 and ttg1 yellow-seeded inbred B80 mutants were used as plant materials for gene expression level analysis, gene promoter clone and transient overexpression.ResultsThe analysis identified eleven structural genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, which are potentially responsible for BrTTG1- dependent seed coat proanthocyanidin formation. The promoters of these genes were cloned and cis-acting elements were identified. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that BrTTG1 directly and independently interacted with proCHS-Bra008792, proDFR-Bra027457, proTT12-Bra003361, proTT19-Bra008570, proTT19-Bra023602 and proAHA10-Bra016610. A TTG1-binding motif (RTWWGTRGM) was also identified. Overexpression of TTG1 in the yellow-seed B. rapa inbred induced proanthocyanidin accumulation by increasing the expression levels of related genes. DiscussionOur study unveiled, for the first time, the direct interaction between TTG1 and the promoters of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway structural genes and glutathione S-transferases in Brassica rapa. Additionally, we have identified a novel TTG1-binding motif, providing a basis for further exploration into the function of TTG1 and the accumulation of proanthocyanidins in seed coats.
Effect of family resilience on subjective well-being in patients with advanced cancer: the chain mediating role of perceived social support and psychological resilience
Authors: Yang Yating , He Fei , Li Dongfang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Wang Ya , Zhang Haoran , Qiao Chan , Cui Yingfang , Lin Leyun , Guan Hao 
Published: April 2024

PurposesDomestic and international research has found that patients with advanced cancer prioritize increasing their quality of life above extending their lives with simple or intensive treatments. The current study investigates the pathways to improve patients’ sense of well-being from the family, social, and individual levels, that is to say, it investigates the mediating roles of comprehending social support as well as psychological resilience in the relationship between family resilience and subjective well-being, and it also provides references for future intervention.MethodThe Family Resilience Questionnaire (FRQ), General Well-being Schedule (GWB), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and the Chinese version of the Cornor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10-item (CD-RISC) were all completed by 338 patients with advanced cancer who took part in the study.ResultsThe study’s findings demonstrated a significant and positive correlation between family resilience, subjective well-being, perceived social support, and psychological resilience. Additionally, there was a significant direct effect of family resilience on subjective well-being as well as a mediating and chain mediating effect between perceived social support and psychological resilience. The findings of this study will be very helpful in the future when it comes to enhancing the quality of life for patients with advanced cancer through intervention.ConclusionSubjective well-being can be influenced directly by the family resilience of advanced cancer patients, or indirectly through the psychological resilience and perceived social support.
Coping as a resource to allow for psychosocial adjustment in fatal disease: results from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Finsel Julia , Rosenbohm Angela , Peter Raphael S. , Bäzner Hansjörg , Börtlein Axel , Dempewolf Silke , Schabet Martin , Hecht Martin , Kohler Andreas , Opherk Christian , Nägele Andrea , Sommer Norbert , Lindner Alfred , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Ludolph Albert C. , Nagel Gabriele , Lulé Dorothée E. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disorder, which imposes a severe emotional burden on patients. Appropriate coping mechanisms may alleviate this burden and facilitate wellbeing, with social support known to be a successful coping strategy. This observational study aimed to determine the interplay of general coping traits of hope for success and fear of failure, coping behavior of social activity, and patients' wellbeing.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, patients with ALS from a clinical-epidemiological registry in Southwestern Germany were interviewed regarding coping traits (achievement-motivated behavior: hope for success and fear of failure), coping behavior of social activity, and psychosocial adjustment, determined using measures of depressiveness, anxiety [both measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and quality of life [Anamnestic Comparative Self-Assessment (ACSA)]. Demographics, clinical [ALS Functional Rating Scale revised version (ALSFRS-R)], and survival data were recorded.ResultsA total of 868 patients [60.70% male patients, mean age: 64.70 (±10.83) years, mean ALSFRS-R: 37.36 ± 7.07] were interviewed. Anxiety in patients was found to be associated with a high fear of failure. In contrast, a generally positive attitude in patients exemplified in high hopes for success was associated with better wellbeing. Finally, coping behavior of social activity explained up to 65% of the variance of depressiveness among the patients with ALS.ConclusionIn this study, we present evidence that the wellbeing of patients with ALS is not an immediate fatalistic consequence of physical degradation but rather determined by coping traits and behavior, which may be trained to substantially increase the wellbeing of patients with ALS.
Family psychoeducation in schizophrenia and schizophrenia related disorder, treatment compliance, and suicidal risk reduction: questions about their relationship from a naturalistic observation
Authors: Hode Yann , Padovani Romain , Hikmat Wydad , Guillard-Bouhet Nathalie , Attal Jérome , Bralet Marie-Cecile , Biotteau Mélanie , Chereau Boudet Isabelle , Canceil Olivier , Montagne Larmurier Aurélie , Roussel Céline , Lemestré Stéphanie , Willard Dominique 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe Profamille V3.2 multi-family psycho-educational program directed at caregivers of relatives with schizophrenia or schizophrenia related disorder has been shown to decrease the annual prevalence of suicide attempts. It has been reported that psychoeducation of families can sometimes improve compliance with treatment. This study investigates whether the Profamille program improves compliance and thus reduces the risk of suicide among patients.MethodThis is a retrospective study of 179 groups of family caregivers, encompassing 1946 participants enrolled in Module 1 of the Profamille program and followed up one year after completion of the module. Evaluations were conducted using questionnaires filled out by family caregivers at three distinct times: prior to beginning the program, upon its completion, and again one year following its conclusion. The annual prevalence of suicide attempts was measured both before the program began and one year after its conclusion, while compliance to treatment was evaluated at the start and end of the program.ResultAfter the Profamille program, the annual prevalence of suicide attempts fell by a factor of 2 (p-value = 0.00002) and patient compliance improved (p-value &lt;0.000001). This reduction in suicide attempts was observed independently of improved compliance. Compliance seems to have an additional effect, but only after participation in the program.ConclusionThe Profamille program reduces patients' risk of suicide even when patients are not taking the treatment. When family psychoeducation is not proposed in schizophrenia or schizophrenia related disorder, this can represent a loss of chance for patients.
Disinfection and hand hygiene knowledge, attitude, and practices among childcare facilities staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Anhui, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Fang , Xu Qing Hua 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding disinfection and hand hygiene, along with associated influencing factors among childcare facilities staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Anhui, and to provide information for developing disinfection and hand hygiene strategies for childcare facilities.MethodsA web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Anhui Province residents in China in September 2020. In this study, 60 childcare facilities in two cities of Anhui Province were selected using the convenient sampling method for questionnaires. The questionnaires were distributed through a web-based platform. The disinfection and hand hygiene KAP scores among childcare facilities staff were calculated, and their influencing factors were analyzed. The accuracy rates of knowledge, attitude, and practice of behavior were calculated and analyzed.ResultsA total of 1,029 participants were included in the study. The disinfection and hand hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice ranged from approximately 5 to 23, 1 to 5, 3 to 13, respectively. The score of urban areas was higher than that of rural areas. Higher education levels and more years of working were associated with higher scores. Additionally, staff who received training or supervision had higher scores than those without. The categories with the lowest knowledge accuracy rate (46.3%), lowest attitude accuracy rate (4.2%), and “always” practice rate (5.3%) among childcare facility staff were all related to the question categories concerning the appropriate range of disinfectants for use. The accuracy rates of hand hygiene knowledge and attitude among the childcare facility staff were high (83.7%-99.6%), but the “always” practice rate was in the middle range (63.0%).ConclusionThe disinfection and hand hygiene knowledge among childcare facilities staff was inadequate during the COVID-19 pandemic in Anhui. Continuous implementation of education and training, particularly in rural areas, is essential. Establishing a monitoring system to assess usage effectiveness and adverse reactions in China is critical. Interventions should focus on increasing compliance with hand hygiene practices. Further research should explore the training and intervention of disinfection and hand hygiene, the safety of disinfection measures, and more operational hand hygiene methods in childcare facilities.
Heartbeats and high scores: esports triggers cardiovascular and autonomic stress response
Authors: Ketelhut Sascha , Nigg Claudio R. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionGaming is often labeled as sedentary behavior. However, competitive gaming, also known as esports, involves significant cognitive demands and may induce stress. This study aims to investigate whether the psychophysical demands during esports elicit a physiological stress response.MethodsFourteen FIFA 21 and thirteen League of Legends players (23.3 ± 2.8 years) were recruited for the study. Heart rate (HR), root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD), peripheral and central blood pressure (BP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and energy expenditure (EE) were assessed during supine rest, seated rest, and competitive FIFA or League of Legends matches.ResultsNo significant group × condition interactions were observed for any of the outcomes. However, there were significant increases in mean HR (p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.383), RMSSD (p = 0.019, ηp2 = 0.226), peripheral systolic BP (p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.588), peripheral diastolic BP (p = 0.005, ηp2 = 0.272), central systolic BP (p = 0.005; ηp2 = 0.369), central diastolic BP (p = 0.016, ηp2 = 0.313), PWV (p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.333), and EE (p &lt; 0.001, ηp2 = 0.721) during both games compared to the seated rest condition.ConclusionDespite the sedentary nature of esports, the psychophysical demands appear to elicit physiological responses. Interestingly, no significant differences were found between the different game genres.
Food safety risk assessment and countermeasures in China based on risk matrix method
Authors: Yu Huiqin , Song Yinghua , Lv Wei , Liu Dan , Huang Haining 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundFood safety has always been a major concern for people, and frequent food safety incidents pose a serious threat to people’s health and safety. To identify high-risk patterns in the field of food safety and assist regulatory authorities in scientifically managing food safety risks, this study aims to evaluate food safety risks from multiple dimensions and provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted food safety management measures.MethodsThe risk matrix method, along with the Borda method, is used to evaluate food safety risks. Based on the constructed food safety incident database, the risk matrix method is applied for static risk assessment from seven aspects: food categories, years, provinces, incident entities, causes, pollution sources, and links, and for dynamic risk assessment in different provinces.ResultsThe top five food categories in risk ranking are meat and meat products, fruits and vegetables, grain and grain products, other category, and aquatic products. Food safety risks show an increasing trend year by year, with the years 2006, 2012-2015 and 2019 having higher risk rankings. The top three provinces in risk ranking are Hunan, Guangdong, and Shaanxi. The top four entities in risk ranking are restaurants, enterprises, households, and canteens. The top four causes in risk ranking are human intention, human error, mismanagement, and production and social environment. The top four pollution sources in risk ranking include chemical pollution, other pollution, biological pollution, and food additives. The top three links in risk ranking include production and processing link, catering link, and agricultural production link. Across provinces, food safety risks in the years 2012-2015 are generally higher compared to other years, with the highest number of high-risk provinces in 2014.ImplicationThe findings of this study have significant implications for food safety management in China. By implementing food safety risk prevention and control countermeasures proposed, China can strengthen its food safety management framework, reduce the incidence of food safety incidents, and safeguard the health and well-being of its population.
Modification and Validation of the Soil–Snow Module in the INM RAS Climate Model
Authors: Chernenkov Alexey , Volodin Evgeny , Kostrykin Sergey , Tarasevich Maria , Vorobyeva Vasilisa 
Published: April 2024

This paper describes the modification of a simple land snow cover module of the INM RAS climate model. The possible liquid water and refreezing of meltwater in the snow layer are taken into account by the proposed parameterization. This is particularly important for modelling the transition season, as this phenomenon is mainly observed during the formation and melting of the snow cover when the surface temperature fluctuates around 0 °C. The snow density evolution simulation is also added. This parameterization is implemented in the INM-CM snow module and verified on observation data using the ESM-SnowMIP-like protocol. As a result, the INM-CM mean climate snow melt periods are refined, particularly in middle and high latitudes. The snow-covered area according to the model is also improved. In the future, a modified version of the land snow module can be used, coupled with a snow albedo model that takes into account snow metamorphism. This module can also be applied to sea ice snow.
Velocity Estimations in Blood Microflows via Machine Learning Symmetries
Authors: Alfonso Perez Gerardo , Colchero Paetz Jaime Virgilio 
Published: April 2024

Improving velocity forecasts of blood microflows could be useful in biomedical applications. We focus on estimating the velocity of the blood in capillaries. Modeling blood microflow in capillaries is a complex process. In this paper, we use artificial intelligence techniques for this modeling: more precisely, artificial neural networks (ANNs). The selected model is able to accurately forecast the velocity, with an R2 of 0.8992 comparing the forecast with the actual velocity. A key part of ANN model creation is selecting the appropriate parameters for the ANN, such as the number of neurons, the number of layers and the type of training algorithm used. A grid approach with 327,600 simulations was used. It is shown that there are substantial, statistically significant differences when different types of ANN structures are used. It is also shown that the proposed model is robust regarding the initial random initialization of weights in the ANN. Additionally, the sensitivity of the selected models to additional noise was also tested.