bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical decision analysis: Indications for tympanostomy tubes in RAOM by age at first episode
Authors: Higgins Thomas S. , McCabe Steven J. , Bumpous Jeffrey M. , Martinez Serge 
Published: September 2008

ObjectiveTo compare utility estimates between tympanostomy tubes (TT) and short‐courses of antibiotics in children with recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) stratified by age at first episode.Study Design and SettingFormal decision analysis.ResultsThe model recommended TT sooner in children with a history of a first episode of AOM occurring early in life. In children over 12 months old at onset, TT were recommended with seven episodes in 24 months, five episodes in 12 months, and three episodes in six months. In children under six months old at onset, TT were recommended with three episodes in 24 months and two episodes in a six‐month or 12‐month time span.ConclusionsEarlier TT may be indicated in children who developed a first episode of AOM at a very young age because of the higher risk of AOM recurrence.SignificanceThis study is the first formal decision analysis to compare tympanostomy tubes and short‐courses of antibiotics stratified by age at onset of the first AOM episode.
Radiation carotid blowout syndrome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Angiographic features and endovascular management
Authors: Luo Chao‐Bao , Teng Michael Mu‐Huo , Chang Feng‐Chi , Chang Cheng‐Yen , Guo Wan‐You 
Published: September 2008

ObjectiveTo report clinical manifestations, angiographic features, and outcomes of endovascular management in 14 patients with 15 radiation carotid blowout syndromes of nasopharyngeal carcinomas.Study Design and SubjectsRetrospective chart review of 14 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas (mean age 49 years) with 15 radiation carotid blowout syndromes who had undergone endovascular embolization to manage oronasal bleeding in the past 10 years.ResultsAverage radiation dose to affected carotid artery was 73 gray units (latent period: 33 months). Radiation carotid blowout syndrome was detected in internal (n = 10), external (n = 4), or common carotid artery (n = 1). Detachable balloons were used in 11 affecting arteries for vascular occlusion; 4 were treated by liquid adhesives or coil. Endovascular treatment was successful in all 15 radiation carotid blowout syndromes with cessation of hemorrhage. One patient had hemiparesis after embolization. Mean clinical follow‐up was 21 months.ConclusionRadiation carotid blowout syndrome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma may occur in various periods or arteries. Endovascular embolization provides both safe and effective management.
Socioeconomic factors in the diagnosis of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis
Authors: Wise Sarah K. , Ghegan Mark D. , Gorham Edward , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: September 2008

Objectives1) To investigate socioeconomic and demographic factors differentiating allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) from other chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) diagnostic groups. 2) To consider the potential impact of epidemiological differences on AFRS disease course.Study DesignRetrospective review.Study MethodsRetrospective review of AFRS patients, CRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) without AFRS, and CRS patients without polyps (CRSsNP). Analysis of group differences was performed for age at presentation, gender, ethnicity, insurance status, and socioeconomic measures with the use of medical records and a South Carolina demographic database.ResultsAFRS presentation age was lower than CRSwNP and CRSsNP (P < 0.001). The AFRS group had more African Americans (P < 0.001) and uninsured or Medicaid patients (P < 0.001) than expected. AFRS patients resided in counties with higher poverty percentage (P = 0.011), lower median income (P = 0.048), and more African American residents (P = 0.020) than CRSsNP patients. No group differences existed for gender or physicians per 1000 county residents.ConclusionDemographic and socioeconomic factors may affect AFRS presentation and treatment.
Etoricoxib for pain management during thyroid surgery–a prospective, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Smirnov Grigori , Terävä Markku , Tuomilehto Henri , Hujala Kimmo , Seppänen Marjatta , Kokki Hannu 
Published: September 2008

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of etoricoxib in pain treatment during thyroid surgery.DesignDouble‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized trial.SettingA secondary‐level central hospital in Finland.PatientsSixty‐nine consecutive patients (59 women) aged 18 to 70 years who underwent thyroid surgery.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive etoricoxib 120 mg (n = 34) or placebo (n = 35) by mouth 60 minutes before surgery. After surgery oxycodone 2 mg administered intravenously was provided for rescue analgesia.Main Outcome MeasuresOxycodone consumption during the first 6 (primary) and the 7 to 24 hours (secondary) after surgery.ResultsDuring the first 6 hours, all patients in the placebo group and 31 of 34 patients in the etoricoxib group were given oxycodone for rescue analgesia (P = 0.072). In the 7 to 24 postsurgical hours, 25 of 35 patients in the placebo group versus 16 of 34 patients in the etoricoxib group needed rescue analgesics (mean difference 24%, 95% CI −1 to 47%, P = 0.039).ConclusionEtoricoxib 120 mg reduced pain in the 7 to 24 postsurgical time period but did not have opioid‐sparing effect during the first 6 hours after surgery.
Strange brew: Global, regional and local factors behind the 1690 prohibition of Christian practice in Nguyễn Cochinchina
Authors: Cooke Nola 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn 1690, the previously sympathetic Nguyễn ruler of Cochinchina (located in south-central modern Vietnam) prohibited Christian religious practice in his state. Uniquely in the history of Catholicism in early modern Vietnam, however, the ban did not lead to a persecution of believers. The following article, based extensively on archival materials from the Missions-Étrangères of Paris, historicises this event and the steps leading up to it in 1688–89. It argues that to understand what was happening on the ground in Cochinchina, and why, we need to analyse the way global and regional factors intersected with local, and even personal, ones to cause a prohibition of Christian practice in early 1690, an event for which internal Catholic dissention was almost entirely responsible.
Contextualising fisheries policy in the Lower Mekong Basin
Authors: Bush Simon R. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDevelopment policies for fishery resources within the Mekong River Basin are increasingly divided between aquaculture and capture fisheries. The modern production orientation of aquaculture has been adopted by government and NGOs and justified by the rhetoric of poverty alleviation and rural development. In contrast, capture fisheries has been subjugated as an activity that reaffirms the dependency of the rural poor on natural resources. This paper critically analyses the division between aquaculture and capture fisheries in Cambodia, Thailand and Lao PDR by tracing the emergence and influence of ‘development narratives’ used to justify contemporary policy and practice.
Reconfiguring rural spaces and remaking rural lives in central Thailand
Authors: Rigg Jonathan , Veeravongs Suriya , Veeravongs Lalida , Rohitarachoon Piyawadee 
Published: September 2008

AbstractDrawing on fieldwork in the central plains of Thailand, the paper traces the transformation of the study villages from agricultural communities, to divided and often fractious dormitory settlements. Agriculture has been largely squeezed out of the local economy and local livelihoods by a raft of economic, environmental and social changes. At the same time, the rural spaces of Thailand have been infiltrated by a range of non-agricultural activities – in this instance, reflected in the arrival of an industrial park – and villagers as well as migrant sojourners from other parts of Thailand have taken up these new opportunities in the non-farm economy. The net result of these processes of agrarian transformation has been that the village, as a community, a unit of production, a site of identity, and a place with a common history, is evaporating.
How the parts relate to the whole: Frequency effects on children's interpretations of novel compounds
Authors: KROTT ANDREA , GAGNÉ CHRISTINA L. , NICOLADIS ELENA 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThis study explores different frequency effects on children's interpretations of novel noun–noun compounds (e.g.egg bagas ‘bag FOR eggs’). We investigated whether four- to five-year-olds and adults use their knowledge of related compounds and their modifier–head relations (e.g.sandwich bag (FOR) oregg white (PART-OF)) when explaining the meaning of novel compounds and/or whether they are affected by overall frequency of modifier–head relations in their vocabulary. Children's interpretations were affected by their experience with relations in compounds with the same head, but not by overall relation frequency. Adults' interpretations were affected by their experience with relations in compounds with the same modifier, suggesting that children and adults use similar but different knowledge to interpret compounds. Furthermore, only children's interpretations revealed an overuse of visually perceivable relations.
Bioinformatic approaches for the genetic and phenotypic characterization of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeast collection
Authors: Franco-Duarte Ricardo , Umek Lan , Zupan Blaz , Schuller Dorit 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to compare genetic and phenotypic variation of 103 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from winemaking environments. We used bioinformatics approaches to identify genetically similary strains with specific phenotypes and to estimate a strain's biotechnological potential. A S. cerevisiae collection, comprising 440 strains that were obtained from winemaking environments in Portugal has been constituted during the last years. All strains were genetically characterized by a set of eleven highly polymorphic microsatellites and showed unique allelic combinations. Using neural networks, a subset of 103 genetically most diverse strains was chosen for phenotypic analysis, that included growth in synthetic must media at various temperatures, utilization of carbon sources (glucose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, saccharose, galactose, rafinose, maltose, glycerol, potassium acetate and pyruvic acid), growth in ethanol containing media, evaluation of osmotic and oxidative stress resistance, H2S production and utilization of different nitrogen sources. Using supervised data mining approaches we have found that genotype represented with presence/absence of eleven microsatellites relates well with geographical location (performance evaluation using leave-out-out technique resulted in high performance scores; e.g., area under ROC curve was above 0.8 for a number of standard machine learning approaches tested). To find relations between phenotypes and genotypes, we used a two-step approach which first hierarchically clusters the strains according to their phenotype, and then tests if the resulting sub-clusters are identifiable using strain’s genetic data. Several groups of strains with similar phenotype profiles and common features in genotype were identified this way, and they are subject to further investigations. Financially supported by the programs POCI 2010 (FEDER/FCT, POCTI/AGR/56102/2004) and AGRO (ENOSAFE, Nº 762).
Drinking Water Is Associated With Weight Loss in Overweight Dieting Women Independent of Diet and Activity
Authors: Stookey Jodi D. , Constant Florence , Popkin Barry M. , Gardner Christopher D. 
Published: September 2008

Background: Data from short‐term experiments suggest that drinking water may promote weight loss by lowering total energy intake and/or altering metabolism. The long‐term effects of drinking water on change in body weight and composition are unknown, however.Objective: This study tested for associations between absolute and relative increases in drinking water and weight loss over 12 months.Methods and Procedures: Secondary analyses were conducted on data from the Stanford A TO Z weight loss intervention on 173 premenopausal overweight women (aged 25–50 years) who reported <1 l/day drinking water at baseline. Diet, physical activity, body weight, percent body fat (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry), and waist circumference were assessed at baseline, 2, 6, and 12 months. At each time point, mean daily intakes of drinking water, noncaloric, unsweetened caloric (e.g., 100% fruit juice, milk) and sweetened caloric beverages, and food energy and nutrients were estimated using three unannounced 24‐h diet recalls. Beverage intake was expressed in absolute (g) and relative terms (% of beverages). Mixed models were used to test for effects of absolute and relative increases in drinking water on changes in weight and body composition, controlling for baseline status, diet group, and changes in other beverage intake, the amount and composition of foods consumed and physical activity.Results: Absolute and relative increases in drinking water were associated with significant loss of body weight and fat over time, independent of covariates.Discussion: The results suggest that drinking water may promote weight loss in overweight dieting women.
Derivation and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Score for Isolation of Inpatients With Suspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Rakoczy Kara S. , Cohen Stuart H. , Nguyen Hien H. 
Published: September 2008

Background.The use of a clinical prediction score to improve the practice of instituting airborne-transmission precautions in patients with suspected tuberculosis holds promise for increasing appropriate isolation and decreasing unnecessary isolation. The objective of this study was to derive and validate a clinical prediction score for patients with suspected tuberculosis.Methods.We used a case—control study design to evaluate differences between patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis and those placed under airborne precautions who had negative culture results. We developed risk scores based on a multivariable analysis of independently significant factors associated with tuberculosis. Subsequently, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the score in a separate (validation) cohort of patients.Results.Within our population, we found 4 clinical factors associated with tuberculosis: chronic symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 10.2 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 2.95-35.4]), upper lobe disease on chest radiograph (OR, 5.27 [95% CI, 1.6-17.23]), foreign-born status (OR, 7.01 [95% CI, 2.1-23.8]), and immunocompromised state other than human immunodeficiency virus infection (OR, 8.14 [95% CI, 2.08-31.8]). Shortness of breath (OR, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.04-0.45]) was found to be associated with non-tuberculosis diagnoses and considered a negative predictor in the model. Using a cut-off point to maximize sensitivity, we applied the prediction rule to the validation cohort, resulting in a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 42%.Conclusion.The tuberculosis prediction rule derived from our patient population could improve utilization of airborne precautions. Clinical prediction rules continue to show their utility for improvement in isolation practices in different demographic areas.
F-Seq: a feature density estimator for high-throughput sequence tags
Authors: Boyle Alan P. , Guinney Justin , Crawford Gregory E. , Furey Terrence S. 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Summary: Tag sequencing using high-throughput sequencing technologies are now regularly employed to identify specific sequence features, such as transcription factor binding sites (ChIP-seq) or regions of open chromatin (DNase-seq). To intuitively summarize and display individual sequence data as an accurate and interpretable signal, we developed F-Seq, a software package that generates a continuous tag sequence density estimation allowing identification of biologically meaningful sites whose output can be displayed directly in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Availability: The software is written in the Java language and is available on all major computing platforms for download at http://www.genome.duke.edu/labs/furey/software/fseq.
Contact: terry.furey@duke.edu
The expression of secondary sexual characteristics in recruit- and repeat-spawning farmed and wild Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
Authors: Skjæraasen Jon Egil , Meager Justin J. , Karlsen Ørjan 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Skjæraasen, J. E., Meager, J. J., and Karlsen, Ø. 2008. The expression of secondary sexual characteristics in recruit- and repeat-spawning farmed and wild Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1710–1716. We examined the expression of the two known secondary sexual characteristics of Atlantic cod, the pelvic fin and the drumming muscle, in farmed and wild cod stemming from the same population. Farmed and wild males had longer pelvic fins and larger drumming muscles than females, but wild cod had longer fins than farmed cod. The size of the drumming muscle of males was similar among wild and farmed cod, but farmed females had smaller muscles than their wild counterparts. Repeat-spawning wild males tended to invest less in drumming-muscle mass and more in pelvic-fin growth than recruit-spawning fish, whereas the reverse was true for farmed males. Males use pelvic fins to embrace females during ventral mounts, a key mating behaviour, and display them to other males during agonistic interactions. The drumming muscle is used by males to produce sound during courtship and aggressive displays, whereas females only use sound outside the spawning season, for agonistic and defensive behaviours that are unlikely to be as important in the farming environment. The results are discussed in the context of the reproductive success of farmed escapees in the wild.
Effect of Southern Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita race 3) on Corn Yields in Alabama
Authors: Bowen K. L. , Hagan A. K. , Campbell H. L. , Nightengale S. 
Published: September 2008

In Alabama and other southeastern states, corn is frequently planted in rotation with cotton and peanut in order to minimize soil-borne pest problems. Even in areas where peanut is not grown, corn is increasingly being planted in rotation with cotton. However, one root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita race 3, causes damage to both cotton and corn. In this study, we determined levels of corn grain loss when southern root-knot nematodes are present in soil. Losses were 3.8 to 11.4% based on preceding years' counts and 2.2 to 7.0% with current years' counts for every 100 2nd-stage juvenile root-knot nematodes in 100 cm ≥ of soil. Knowledge of the percent loss in corn grain due to southern rootknot nematode populations can provide additional guidance for use of risk thresholds when growers are making management decisions. Accepted for publication 21 June 2008. Published 10 September 2008.
Functional Specialization of the TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 Network Allows Differential Hormonal Control of Laminal and Marginal Trichome Initiation in Arabidopsis Rosette Leaves
Authors: Maes Lies , Inzé Dirk , Goossens Alain 
Published: September 2008

AbstractTrichome initiation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is controlled by the TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) network that consists of R2R3- and R1-type MYB-related transcription factors, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, and the WD40 protein TTG1. An experimental method was designed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which jasmonates, cytokinins, and gibberellins modulate Arabidopsis leaf trichome formation. All three phytohormones provoked a seemingly common effect on cell patterning by promoting trichome initiation but caused strikingly distinct effects on cell and trichome maturation. The phytohormonal control was mediated by transcriptional regulation of the established TTG1 complex and depended on the R2R3-MYB factor GLABRA1. However, unsuspected degrees of functional specialization of the bHLH factors and a resultant differential molecular regulation of trichome initiation on leaf lamina and leaf margins were revealed. Trichome formation on leaf lamina relied entirely on GLABRA3 and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3. Conversely, TRANSPARENT TESTA8 (TT8) was particularly important for marginal trichome development. This hitherto unknown role for TT8 in trichome formation further underscored the functional redundancy between the three TTG1-dependent bHLH proteins.
Complex I Dysfunction Redirects Cellular and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Arabidopsis
Authors: Garmier Marie , Carroll Adam J. , Delannoy Etienne , Vallet Corinne , Day David A. , Small Ian D. , Millar A. Harvey 
Published: September 2008

Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I is a major avenue for reduced NAD oxidation linked to oxidative phosphorylation in plants. However, the plant enzyme has structural and functional features that set it apart from its counterparts in other organisms, raising questions about the physiological significance of this complex in plants. We have developed an experimental model in which rotenone, a classic complex I inhibitor, has been applied to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell suspension cultures in order to dissect early metabolic adjustments involved in cell acclimation to mitochondrial dysfunction. Rotenone induced a transitory decrease in cellular respiration (0–4 h after treatment). Cell respiration then progressively recovered and reached a steady state at 10 to 12 h after treatment. Complex I inhibition by rotenone did not induce obvious oxidative stress or cell death but affected longer term cell growth. Integrated analyses of gene expression, the mitochondrial proteome, and changes in primary metabolism indicated that rotenone treatment caused changes in mitochondrial function via alterations in specific components. A physical disengagement of glycolytic activities associated with the mitochondrial outer membrane was observed, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle was altered. Amino acid and organic acid pools were also modified by rotenone treatment, with a marked early decrease of 2-oxoglutarate, aspartate, and glutamine pools. These data demonstrate that, in Arabidopsis cells, complex I inhibition by rotenone induces significant remodeling of metabolic pathways involving the mitochondria and other compartments and point to early metabolic changes in response to mitochondrial dysfunction.