bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of employee psychological well‐being in cardiovascular health: when the twain shall meet
Authors: Wright Thomas A. , Cropanzano Russell , Bonett Douglas G. , Diamond W. John 
Published: January 2009

AbstractConsistent with the emerging positive agenda in organizations, the present research examines the role of psychological well‐being (PWB) in predicting employee cardiovascular health. We tested this possibility in a sample of 113 supervisory level personnel employed by a medium‐sized (500 employees) public sector organization in California. More specifically, while neither diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = .09, ns, 95%CI = −0.11 to 0.28) or systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r = −.11, ns, 95%CI = −0.30 to 0.09) were related to PWB, two composite cardiovascular measures, pulse pressure (r = −.21, p < .05, 95%CI = −0.39 to −0.02) and pulse product (r = −.27, p < .01, 95%CI = −0.44 to −0.08) were related to PWB. In addition, regression analysis found PWB to be predictive of the composite cardiovascular health measure of pulse product (ΔR2 = 0.04, p < .05), but not pulse pressure, after controlling for age, gender, employee smoking behavior, education level, ethnicity, weight, job satisfaction, and anxiety. Research implications and further suggestions for organizational scholars interested in employee health and betterment are introduced. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Copolymer with Oligoaniline and Anthracene Units in the Main Chain: Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Chao Danming , Cui Lili , Liu Xincai , Zhang Wanjin 
Published: January 2009

AbstractA functional alternating copolymer with well‐defined oligoaniline (phenyl‐capped aniline tetramer) and anthracene units in the main chains has been prepared by a novel oxidative coupling polymerization. The molecular structure of the copolymer was characterized by FT‐IR, 1H NMR, GPC, and XRD. The electrochemical activity was checked by CV and the thermal characteristics were evaluated by TGA. Moreover, the optical properties of the copolymer in DMF were studied by UV‐vis and fluorescence spectra. The copolymer exhibited a blue emission at 426 nm, and the fluorescence intensity depended on the oxidation state of the copolymer. When excited at the maximum absorption wavelength (290 nm) of the oligoaniline units, the copolymer showed the same emission band, indicating efficient energy transfer between oligoaniline and anthracene units.magnified image
Ethical issues in pro‐social advertising: the Australian 2006 White Ribbon Day campaign
Authors: Donovan Robert John , Jalleh Geoffrey , Fielder Lynda , Ouschan Robyn 
Published: January 2009

Abstract

The Australian White Ribbon Day 2006 campaign was severely criticized by mental health professionals and those working in the family and domestic violence sector because of depictions of suicide and self‐harm in the television advertisement and accompanying promotional materials. The White Ribbon Day (WRD) National Leadership Group (NLG) rejected all requests by concerned groups to not use these campaign materials. They and their apologists claimed that such violent imagery was necessary to attract men's attention and was being misinterpreted as depicting suicide attempts.
With preliminary ethics approval we set out to assess reactions to the television advertisement. After 24 interviews, the testing was terminated by the university research ethics officer after two male respondents demonstrated significant distress after viewing the ad. Furthermore, the results by that stage showed that there were perceived messages of suicide in the ad. These results were sent to the WRD NLG with a request to reconsider proceeding with the television advertisement and associated materials. Mental health and domestic violence organizations lodged similar requests. All requests were rejected. The case raises a number of ethical issues for pro‐social organizations when dealing with sensitive issues and using execution techniques that may impact negatively on vulnerable audiences.
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selling Hitler: propaganda and the Nazi brand
Authors: O'Shaughnessy Nicholas 
Published: January 2009

AbstractIn this article we argue that Nazism functioned as a brand, and that this is key to our understanding of the extraordinary success of the Hitler regime in galvanising German public opinion. Nazis understood and manipulated the power of the brand, creating what amounts to a parallel universe of imagery and symbolism. The integuments of this brand strategy were the idea of Hitler himself and his projection, the stress on solidarity, the proclamation of a modernist Utopia with ancient accents, and the construction of an existential threat to the German way of life. But underpinning these were the deployment of what have become classic marketing concepts, such as targeting and segmentation, and a perceptive comprehension of the idea of packaging. Beyond this the regime was anchored in a kind of banality of ordinariness, it looked, at many levels, like a normal Western society and this element was made more credible by the promotion of a vigorous consumer culture. In many ways the Nazis were ahead of their time, masters of such political marketing arts as spin and rapid rebuttal. The fact that all this was done in the service of the most monstrous empire that was ever created, whose lasting legacy to the human race was its unique pictography of genocide, must alert us to the more sinister ends to which political marketing can be perverted.Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do we see what we think we see? The complexities of morphological assessment
Authors: Hamilton Peter W , van Diest Paul J , Williams Richard , Gallagher Anthony G 
Published: January 2009

AbstractReliable pathological interpretation is vital to so many aspects of tissue‐based research as well as being central to patient care. Understanding the complex processes involved in decision‐making is the starting point to improve both diagnostic reproducibility and the definition of diagnostic groups that underpin our experiments. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of research in this field and it is encouraging to see The Journal of Pathology publishing work in this area. This review attempts to highlight the opportunities that exist in this field and the technologies that are now available to support this type of research. Key amongst these are the use of decision analysis tools such as inference networks, and virtual microscopy that allows us to simulate diagnostic decision‐making. These tools have roles, not only in studying the subtleties of diagnostic decision‐making, but also in delivering new methods of training and proficiency testing. Research which helps us to better understand what we see, why we see it, and standardizing interpretative reasoning in pathological classification is essential for improving the wide range of activities that pathologists support, including clinical diagnosis, teaching, training, and experimental research. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Osteopontin stimulates invasion of NCI‐h295 cells but is not associated with survival in adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Weismann Dirk , Briese Juliane , Niemann Joscha , Grüneberger Matthias , Adam Patrick , Hahner Stefanie , Johanssen Sarah , Liu Wei , Ezzat Shereen , Saeger Wolfgang , Bamberger Ana‐Maria , Fassnacht Martin , Schulte Heinrich M , Asa Sylvia L , Allolio Bruno , Bamberger Christoph M 
Published: January 2009

Abstract Gene array studies indicated that osteopontin (OPN) mRNA is highly expressed in adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs). OPN enhances invasiveness, proliferation, and metastasis formation, and is associated with poor survival in some malignant diseases. Integrin αvβ3 has been shown to mediate OPN effects on invasion. In this study, we demonstrated OPN and integrin αvβ3 expression in normal adrenal glands and benign adenomas, with staining seen exclusively in adrenocortical cells as well as even stronger staining in ACC. Western blot analysis confirmed overexpression of OPN in ACC (p < 0.01). With Matrigel invasion assays, we have shown that OPN greatly stimulates the invasiveness of NCI‐h295 cells (>six‐fold increase, p < 0.001). Transfection with integrin αvβ3 further increased invasiveness after OPN stimulation (p < 0.001). This increase was reversed by the addition of an anti‐integrin β3 antibody, indicating a functional relationship of OPN and integrin αvβ3 in ACC. With tissue arrays, we confirmed high OPN expression in 147 ACC samples. However, no association with survival was seen in Kaplan‐Meier analysis including 111 patients with primary tumours graded for OPN staining and follow‐up data available. In conclusion, our in vitro data indicate that OPN and integrin αvβ3 may act as a functional complex facilitating the invasiveness of adrenocortical tumours. This relationship remains of relevance to our understanding of carcinogenesis, but further studies are needed to address the physiological and pathological function of OPN in adrenal tissue. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The attitude of women toward current and future possibilities of diagnostic testing in maternal blood using fetal DNA
Authors: Kooij Loes , Tymstra Tjeerd , Berg Paul van den 
Published: January 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the opinions of women about the new developments in the field of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD).MethodProspective study using questionnaires in two groups of women: women visiting the University Medical Centre Groningen and the Martini Hospital Groningen for the routine fetal anomaly ultrasound scan at 20 weeks' gestation and female medical master students.ResultsBoth groups consider NIPD an important asset in the reliable diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy and gender‐determined genetic disorders, with the exception of disorders manifesting themselves later in life. There is a negative response as to its application for family balancing. Eighty‐two percent of the pregnant women and 79% of the medical students responded positively to the question whether they consider NIPD an important asset in prenatal care. The statement that it is an asset because it enables pregnant women to bear an ‘optimal child’ is strongly rejected by both groups.ConclusionsNIPD paves the way for screening on a large scale. Our survey shows that women feel positive about these new possibilities, but find it hard to fully realize the consequences and new choices they will be confronted with. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolution of drug consumption in a sample of French workers since 1986: the ‘Drugs and Work’ study
Authors: Boeuf‐Cazou O. , Lapeyre‐Mestre M. , Niezborala M. , Montastruc J.L. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractPurposeFrance is known to have a relatively high prescription rate for medicines. Few studies have investigated drug use among a healthy worker population. The aim of this study was to describe the changing patterns of drug use in French workers since 1986 and to evaluate the impact of programs developed to reduce drug consumption.MethodA cross‐sectional survey has been performed every 10 years since 1986 among workers from the Toulouse metropolitan area (Southwestern, France) using an anonymous questionnaire given to workers during their compulsory annual medical visit. Results of the 2006 survey (2213 workers) were compared to those obtained in 1986 and 1996. A multivariate analysis was performed to investigate factors associated to the modification of drug use with time.ResultsDuring the last ten years, prevalence of overall drug consumption decreased (40.7% in 2006 vs. 46.7% in 1996, p < 0.001) in contrast to the increase observed between 1986 and 1996. Since 1986, patterns of drug use have been modified with a decrease in anti‐infectious (OR = 0.24) digestive (OR = 0.54), psychotropic (OR = 0.54), endocrine (OR = 0.57) and cardiotropic (OR = 0.68) drug use. In contrast, there was a significant increase in musculosqueletic (OR = 2.16) drug use. Whatever the period, overall drug consumption was related to age, gender or extraprofessional problems.ConclusionsThis study illustrates the changing patterns of drug use in a population of workers during the last 20 years and underlines the importance of awareness raising campaigns on prescription patterns. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A 2‐DE MALDI‐TOF study to identify disease regulated serum proteins in lung cancer of c‐myc transgenic mice
Authors: Chatterji Bijon , Borlak Jürgen 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe previously reported targeted overexpression of c‐myc to alveolar epithelium to cause lung cancer. We now extended our studies to the serum proteome of tumor bearing mice. Proteins were extracted with a thiourea‐containing lysis buffer and separated by 2‐DE at pH 4–7 and 3−10 followed by MALDI‐TOF/TOF analysis. Forty‐six proteins were identified in tumor bearing mice of which n = 9 were statistically significant. This included disease regulated expression of orosomucoid‐8, α‐2‐macroglobulin, apolipoprotein‐A1, apolipoprotein‐C3, glutathione peroxidase‐3, plasma retinol‐binding protein, and transthyretin, while expression of apolipoprotein‐E was decreased at late stages of disease. Moreover, serum amyloid P component was uniquely expressed at late stages of cancer. It is of considerable importance that most disease regulated proteins carried the E‐Box sequence (CACGTG) in the promoter of the coding gene, therefore providing evidence for their regulation by c‐myc. Notably, expression of α‐2‐macroglobulin, transthyretin, α‐1‐antitrypsin, and properdin was in common in different lung tumor models, but regulation of orosomucoid‐8, apolipoprotein‐A1, apolipoprotein‐C3, apolipoprotein‐E, glutathione peroxidase‐3, plasma retinol‐binding protein, and serum amyloid P component was unique when the serum proteomes of c‐myc and c‐raf tumor bearing mice were compared. Therefore, candidate biomarkers to differentiate between atypical adenomatous hyperplasias (AAH) and bronchiolo‐alveolar carcinomas (BAC)/papillary adenocarcinomas (PLAC) can be proposed.
Diophantine analysis complements electrospray‐Q‐TOF data for structure elucidation of transferrin glycoforms used for clinical diagnosis in human serum and cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: del Castillo Busto M. Estela , Meija Juris , Montes‐Bayón María , Sanz‐Medel Alfredo 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThe use of ESI‐Q‐TOF in combination with theoretical mapping of possible glycan variants by Diophantine mass analysis allows identification of transferrin (Tf) glycoforms in different biological fluids including human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In order to restrict the structural variations, a chromatographic separation (HPLC) of the forms with different number of sialic acids is initially conducted. The individual fractions are purified, preconcentrated, and analyzed by ESI‐Q‐TOF. The results obtained experimentally are compared with those predicted by Diophantine calculations and the structures proposed. Each one of the found masses can be ascribed to a single Tf glycoform with a mass difference that ranged between −1 and −26 Da (average masses). Thus, the methodology can be used for structural characterization of Tf glycoforms relevant for clinical diagnosis without enzymatic digestion.
Proteomics of skeletal muscle aging
Authors: Doran Philip , Donoghue Pamela , O'Connell Kathleen , Gannon Joan , Ohlendieck Kay 
Published: January 2009

AbstractExtended human longevity has resulted in increasing numbers of elderly persons in the general population. However, old age is also associated with a variety of serious physical disorders. Frailty among sedentary elderly patients is related to the impaired structure and function of contractile fibers. Biochemical research into cellular mechanisms that underlie sarcopenia promises to acquire the scientific basis of evidence to aid the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The recent application of MS‐based proteomic methodology has identified a large cohort of disease‐specific markers of sarcopenia. This review critically examines the biomedical implications of the results obtained from the proteomic screening of both aged human muscle and established animal models of sarcopenia. Substantial alterations in proteins involved in key metabolic pathways, regulatory and contractile elements of the actomyosin apparatus, myofibrillar remodeling and the cellular stress response are discussed. A multi‐factorial etiology appears to be the basis for a slower‐twitching aged fiber population, which exhibits a shift to more aerobic‐oxidative metabolism. It is hoped that the detailed biomedical characterization of the newly identified biomarkers of sarcopenia will translate into better treatment options for reversing age‐dependent muscle degeneration, which could improve the standard of living for a large portion of society.
Genome‐wide analysis and proteomic studies reveal APE1/Ref‐1 multifunctional role in mammalian cells
Authors: Vascotto Carlo , Cesaratto Laura , Zeef Leo A. H. , Deganuto Marta , D'Ambrosio Chiara , Scaloni Andrea , Romanello Milena , Damante Giuseppe , Taglialatela Giulio , Delneri Daniela , Kelley Mark R. , Mitra Sankar , Quadrifoglio Franco , Tell Gianluca 
Published: January 2009

AbstractApurinic apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox effector factor 1 (APE1/Ref‐1) protects cells from oxidative stress by acting as a central enzyme in base excision repair pathways of DNA lesions and through its independent activity as a redox transcriptional co‐activator. Dysregulation of this protein has been associated with cancer development. At present, contrasting data have been published regarding the biological relevance of the two functions as well as the molecular mechanisms involved. Here, we combined both mRNA expression profiling and proteomic analysis to determine the molecular changes associated with APE1 loss‐of‐expression induced by siRNA technology. This approach identified a role of APE1 in cell growth, apoptosis, intracellular redox state, mitochondrial function, and cytoskeletal structure. Overall, our data show that APE1 acts as a hub in coordinating different and vital functions in mammalian cells, highlighting the molecular determinants of the multifunctional nature of APE1 protein.
Quality of life issues and second‐generation migration: the case of ‘Bajan‐Brit returnees’
Authors: Phillips Joan , Potter Rob B. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper forms part of research that is investigating the migration of young Bajan‐Brits to Barbados. Specifically, it explores the role of quality of life issues in the decision‐making processes of young Bajan‐Brits as they negotiate their ‘return’ to Barbados. The research, based on 51 in‐depth qualitative interviews conducted with an under‐researched cohort of young Bajan‐Brits living in Barbados, argues from a ‘lure of home’ conceptualisation that the return of young Bajan‐Brits to Barbados can best be understood from the context of a search for a better quality of life in the face of social and economic disenfranchisement in the UK context. Subsequently, the paper examines the extent to which the quality of life factors which formed the basis of return to Barbados have in fact been realised on the part of young Bajan‐Brits in their adjustment to life in Barbados. The paper ultimately argues that despite problems of adjustment, young Bajan‐Brits have generally been successful in actualising a better quality of life in Barbados. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is gateway city clustering behind Canada's declining immigrant home‐ownership rates?
Authors: Haan Michael 
Published: January 2009

AbstractRecently, home‐ownership rates have been dropping for Canadian immigrants. These declines, although substantial in their own right, are particularly striking when read alongside the trends of the Canadian‐born, who've experienced a comparative surge in recent years. Given that immigrants overwhelmingly cluster in Canada's ‘gateway’ census metropolitan areas (CMAs) of Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver, this paper uses 2‐stage least squares regression techniques and the 2001 Census of Canada to identify whether a shift out of Canada's gateway CMAs would improve immigrant home‐ownership rates. The results show that although home‐ownership propensities are higher for those who live outside of gateway cities, these differences dissolve once the endogeneity of location choice is considered. This suggests that relocation policies are unlikely to yield dramatic national gains. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The progress of AlN bulk growth and epitaxy for electronic applications
Authors: Mueller Stephan G. , Bondokov Robert T. , Morgan Kenneth E. , Slack Glen A. , Schujman Sandra B. , Grandusky James , Smart Joseph A. , Schowalter Leo J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractWe report on the progress of high quality AlN bulk crystal growth by the sublimation‐recondensation technique and present a theoretical model for optimizing the growth conditions. The theoretical model is consistent with our experimental findings and projects a path to maximize the growth rate by adjusting the growth temperature, external nitrogen pressure and source‐to‐seed distance. The growth of large AlN boules has resulted in the demonstration of crack‐free AlN wafers up to 2‐inch diameter. The crystallinity of these AlN boules and wafers has been characterized by X‐ray techniques and etch pit density (EPD) measurements. The AlN wafers exhibited X‐ray rocking curves with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) close to 30 arcsec for both symmetric and asymmetric curves with a corresponding EPD of <104 cm–2. High quality homoepitaxial and graded AlGaN layers have been grown on these AlN substrates by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy (OMVPE). We have demonstrated pseudomorphic growth of graded Al1–x Gax N layers with a thickness of one order of magnitude higher than the expected critical thickness from the classical Matthews–Blakeslee theory. This achievement has resulted in low dislocation density AlGaN epi‐layers with both symmetric and asymmetric rocking curves routinely below 100 arcsec. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Performance and degradation characteristics of blue–violet laser diodes grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Tan W. S. , Kauer M. , Hooper S. E. , Smeeton T. M. , Bousquet V. , Rossetti M. , Heffernan J. , Xiu H. , Humphreys C. J. 
Published: January 2009

AbstractThis paper reports the state of the art performance for blue–violet laser diodes (LD) grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Improvements in device design and growth have resulted in a threshold current density of 3.6 kA/cm2, which translates into improved cw lifetime of up to 42 hours. Reducing the internal loss resulted in a high cw slope efficiency of 1.08 W/A and a maximum cw output power of 145 mW. To obtain a better understanding of the LD failure mechanism, degraded LDs were analysed using surface mapping techniques such as photoluminescence and electroluminescence on a micrometric scale, which allows the identification of failure regions. These measurements revealed increased nonradiative recombination in localized regions and increased current injection non‐uniformities as possible mechanisms for LD performance degradation after aging. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)