bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The significance of Lakiya Negev Bedouin heritage weave – a way of knowing Israel's cultural costume
Authors: Kottangal Achuthy , Purohit Deepika 
Published: March 2024

PurposeThis study aims to analyze how conventional Bedouin weaving techniques have changed through the history of Israel, offering knowledge on the craft’s cultural relevance and historical development among the Bedouin people and how their weaving and embroidery differ based on the three main geographic characteristics. It tries to comprehend the causes of the transition from organic to synthetic materials and the part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s cooperative in maintaining this legacy.Design/methodology/approachThe main goal of this study is to trace the emergence of Bedouin weaving traditions in the Negev Desert using a qualitative research methodology that combines historical analysis and ethnographic investigation. A thorough grasp of the subject’s significance is provided through the data gathering, which consists of interviews, archival research and field observations.FindingsThrough the years, Bedouin weaving techniques have significantly shifted away from using traditional organic materials in favor of synthetic replacements, according to the research. It emphasizes the crucial part played by the Lakiya Negev Bedouin Weaving women’s organization in safeguarding this traditional legacy and giving Bedouin women access to economic prospects.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the study includes its emphasis on the Negev region and the Israeli Bedouin community, which may not accurately reflect all Bedouin weaving techniques. Greater regional settings may be explored in future studies.Practical implicationsThe investigation emphasizes the value of investing in initiatives for cultural preservation and the empowerment of underprivileged groups through economic possibilities.Social implicationsBy preserving ancient weaving techniques, this research enables Bedouin women in the Negev Desert to maintain their cultural identity and socioeconomic well-being.Originality/valueBy emphasizing the socio-cultural dimensions and the organization’s role in preserving traditional craftsmanship in a changing socio-economic environment, this research presents a unique investigation of the evolution of Bedouin weaving techniques in Israel.
Challenges and perspectives for humanitarian logistics: a comparative study between the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic and the Republic of South Sudan
Authors: Grigoli Guilherme de Araujo , Silva Júnior Maurilio Ferreira Da , Pedra Diego Pereira 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to identify the main challenges to achieving humanitarian logistics in the context of United Nations peace missions in sub-Saharan Africa and to present suggestions for overcoming the logistical gaps encountered.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodological approach of the work focuses on the comparative case study of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan, the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in the Central African Republic and The United Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2014 to 2021. The approach combined a systematic literature review with the authors’ empirical experience as participant observers in each mission, combining theory and practice.

Findings
As a result, six common challenges were identified for carrying out humanitarian logistics in the three peace missions. Each challenge revealed a logistical gap for which an appropriate solution was suggested based on the best practices found in the case study of each mission.

Research limitations/implications
This paper presents limitations when addressing the logistical analysis based on only three countries under the UN mission as a case study, as well as conceiving that certain flaws in the system, in the observed period, are already in the process of correction with the adoption of the 2016–2021 strategy by the UN Global Logistic Cluster. The authors suggest that further studies can be carried out by expanding the number of cases or using countries where other bodies (AU, NATO or EU) work.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first comparative case study of humanitarian logistics on the three principal missions of the UN conducted by academics and practitioners.
Intellectual capital and financial performance: does board size and independent directors matter? An empirical enquiry
Authors: Shah Syed Quaid Ali , Lai Fong Woon , Tahir Muhammad , Shad Muhammad Kashif , Hamad Salaheldin , Ali Syed Emad Azhar 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Intellectual capital (IC) is a paramount resource for competitiveness in the knowledge-based financial sectors of the economy. As financial technology advances, specifically in the banking industry, it is vital to understand the effect of IC on financial performance. This study aims to investigate the effect of IC on return on equity (ROE), with a unique emphasis on the moderating role of board attributes. Previous studies have overlooked this moderating role.

Design/methodology/approach
The study sample consists of 17 banks and a panel data set spanning 2016–2021, extracted from annual reports. Antel Pulic’s value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model is used to compute IC. To analyze the data, a generalized least squares analysis is conducted. The robustness of the analysis is ensured by using the two-stage least squares (2SLS) econometric technique.

Findings
The findings indicate that both the VAIC and human capital efficiency (HCE) have a significant impact on the ROE of banks. In terms of moderation, it is observed that board size (BS) exerts a negative effect on the association between VAIC, HCE, structural capital efficiency and ROE. Additionally, BS positively compounds the connection between capital employed efficiency and ROE. Similarly, the presence of independent directors (IND) significantly moderates the effects of VAIC and its components on the ROE of banks in Pakistan.

Practical implications
Banks should focus on the HCE for a higher ROE. Moreover, banks ought to prioritize appointing more independent directors in the boardroom for effective utilization of IC and greater ROE.

Originality/value
The findings of the study, which analyzed data from Pakistan’s banking sector, are original and provide additional insights into the literature on IC and board attributes.
Enhanced fracture toughness and tensile strength of 3D printed recycled ABS composites reinforced with continuous metallic fiber for load-bearing application
Authors: Mishra Vishal , Ror Ch Kapil , Negi Sushant , Kar Simanchal 
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study aims to present an experimental approach to develop a high-strength 3D-printed recycled polymer composite reinforced with continuous metal fiber.

Design/methodology/approach
The continuous metal fiber composite was 3D printed using recycled and virgin acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-blended filament (RABS-B) in the ratio of 60:40 and postused continuous brass wire (CBW). The 3D printing was done using an in-nozzle impregnation technique using an FFF printer installed with a self-modified nozzle. The tensile and single-edge notch bend (SENB) test samples are fabricated to evaluate the tensile and fracture toughness properties compared with VABS and RABS-B samples.

Findings
The tensile and SENB tests revealed that RABS-B/CBW composite 3D printed with 0.7 mm layer spacing exhibited a notable improvement in Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, elongation at maximum load and fracture toughness by 51.47%, 18.67% and 107.3% and 22.75% compared to VABS, respectively.

Social implications
This novel approach of integrating CBW with recycled thermoplastic represents a significant leap forward in material science, delivering superior strength and unlocking the potential for advanced, sustainable composites in demanding engineering fields.

Originality/value
Limited research has been conducted on the in-nozzle impregnation technique for 3D printing metal fiber-reinforced recycled thermoplastic composites. Adopting this method holds the potential to create durable and high-strength sustainable composites suitable for engineering applications, thereby diminishing dependence on virgin materials.
Biodiversity promotes resistance but dominant species shape recovery of grasslands under extreme drought
Authors: Bazzichetto Manuele , Sperandii Marta Gaia , Penone Caterina , Keil Petr , Allan Eric , Lepš Jan , Prati Daniel , Fischer Markus , Bolliger Ralph , Gossner Martin M. , de Bello Francesco 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

How biodiversity underpins ecosystem resistance (i.e. ability to withstand environmental perturbations) and recovery (i.e. ability to return to a pre‐perturbation state), and thus, stability under extreme climatic events is a timely question in ecology. To date, most studies have focussed on the role of taxonomic diversity, neglecting how community functional composition and diversity beget stability under exceptional climatic conditions. In addition, land use potentially modulates how biodiversity and ecosystem functions respond to extreme climatic conditions.

Using an 11‐year time‐series of plant biomass from 150 permanent grassland plots spanning a gradient of land‐use intensity, we examined how taxonomic and functional components of biodiversity affected resistance and recovery of biomass under extreme drought.

The association between biodiversity, land use and biomass varied across years, especially in the driest years. Species‐rich or functionally diverse communities (associated with low land‐use intensity) buffered extreme droughts better, while species‐poor communities or those dominated by fast‐growing species (associated with high land‐use intensity) had higher recovery capabilities after a moderate‐to‐extreme drought.

Synthesis. Our results show that plant community functional and taxonomic components determine grasslands resistance and recovery under moderate‐to‐extreme drought. In turn, this points to the importance of designing landscapes with both extensively and intensively managed grasslands. Functionally or taxonomically rich communities (favoured under low land‐use intensity) would preserve biomass under extreme droughts, whereas species‐poor or fast‐growing communities (favoured by high land‐use intensity) would restore biomass after extreme droughts.
Isolation and characterization of reference standard candidates for cocaine and benzoylecgonine obtained from illicit substances seized
Authors: Macrino Clebson de Jesus , dos Santos Nayara A. , Conceição Nathália dos S. , Baptista Clara S. D. , Neto Alvaro Cunha , Romão Wanderson 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe area of forensic chemistry has been growing and developing as a line of research due to the high demands of public safety that require increasingly reliable results due to their importance in criminalistics. In this way, the development of new technologies that help this area, whether in the identification and quantification of drugs or the fight against fraud, becomes promising. In this context, the present work explored the production of reference standards from the purification of cocaine/crack samples seized by the Civil Police of the State of Espírito Santo. Cocaine was purified using chromatographic techniques, and benzoylecgonine was synthesized from purified cocaine. All substances were characterized by ultra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Homogeneity and stability studies were also performed with benzoylecgonine, and the results were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Cocaine and benzoylecgonine showed purities of 98.37% and 96.34%, respectively. The homogeneity of the batch, short‐term stability, and other parameters were also evaluated, which together indicate this proposal as promising in the development of reference standards for drugs of abuse from samples seized by the Brazilian forensic police.
Population structure and genomic diversity of the Einsiedler horse
Authors: Gmel Annik , Ricard Anne , Gerber Vinzenz , Neuditschko Markus 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe breeding history of the Einsiedler horse is closely connected with the Benedictine cloister Einsiedeln. In the mid‐nineteenth century, it was decided to use European Warmblood stallions for cross‐breeding and to abandon the selection of stallions. Since that time, it has only been possible to trace back the origin of Einsiedler horses using maternal ancestry information. Here, we collected high‐density genotype data for European Warmblood horses (Selle Français, Swiss Warmblood and Einsiedler) and Franches‐Montagnes horses, the last native Swiss horse breed, to unravel the current population structure of the Einsiedler horse. Using commonly applied methods to ascertain fine‐scale population structures, it was not possible to clearly differentiate the Einsiedler from other European Warmblood horses. However, by means of runs of homozygosity (ROH) we were able to detect breed‐specific ROH islands for the Einsiedler horse, including genes involved in domestication and adaptation to high altitude. Therefore, future breeding activities should involve the screening of these breed‐specific ROH segments, the revival of cryopreserved sperm and the selection of Einsiedler stallions.
Preliminary study on cranial measurements and sexual dimorphism in skull bones of gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus, Smith 1827)
Authors: Vishwakarma Ritesh , Sharma Chandra Prakash , Mondol Samrat , Habib Bilal , Bhandari Bhaskar , Mishra Rajiv , Gupta Nitin , Chauhan Jasbir Singh , Nigam Parag 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCranial measurements have been widely used in various studies in wildlife sciences, ranging from understanding predator ecology to wildlife forensics. However, detailed description of morphometry and sexual dimorphism of the skull of gaur Bos gaurus gaurus is lacking. The present study was undertaken to determine the sexual dimorphism based on the cranial measurements of gaur. A total of 12 individual gaur skulls of male (n = 6) and female (n = 6) were studied in the field from the naturally deceased animals between January 2018 and December 2021 in different ranges of Bandhavgarh tiger reserve (BTR), Madhya Pradesh, India. The skull measurements were analysed using univariate and multivariate statistics to determine whether cranial dimensions could be used to differentiate male and female skulls reliably. A total of 43 morphometrical parameters grouped into nine indices were calculated. Select morphometrical parameters viz PL, GFL, AKI, LBB, LFB, GBEE, GBAN, BPOP and GTCH were significantly different (p < 0.05) between sexes, whereas GBAN were significantly higher in female skulls. The measurements demonstrated that the skull of the gaur was dolichocephalic as the profile length and the otion to otion breath in both male and female were <75% of the length. Overall, 28 linear measurements of both the sexes were statistically significant (p < 0.05; <0.01). The calculated indices revealed that the foramen magnum index in the female gaur were significantly higher. In calculated cranial indices the facial index (a) was higher in female and facial index (b) were higher in males. The two important parameters, facial breadth in facial index (a) and the greatest breadth in facial index (b) were positively correlated, though facial index (a) was statistically not significant between the sexes. The greater inner length of the foramen magnum in female skull resulted in foramen being oval whereas it was circular in males. These parameters were decisive for sexual dimorphism, skull comparison and craniological studies. This study ascertained that the frontal index and skull index had no significant influence and were not good indices for discriminating skulls between male and female. Based on the Principal Component Analysis, it was found that skull of male and female gaurs exhibits differences in cranial morphology viz. cranial profile length or total length (PL) and the least inner height of the temporal groove (LIHT). The findings of the present study provide baseline information on various craniometrical measurements of skull of gaur, indices and parameters for sex identification that can be effectively used in understanding sex biased predation ecology, provide base line information to describe variation across its geographic range, and in identifying skulls recovered in wildlife offence cases.
Orbital shape in goat and sheep: Symmetric analysis
Authors: Gürbüz İftar , Demiraslan Yasin , Demircioğlu İsmail , Karaavci Funda Aksünger , Özgel Özcan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate orbital symmetry in goat and sheep skulls. For this purpose, a total of 83 skulls, including 50 sheep and 33 goat skulls, were used in the study. Geometric morphometry method was applied. For symmetric analysis, one side of each orbit was photographed twice and mirror images were created. There were 36 landmards marked to determine the outer limit of the orbita. As a result of the study, asymmetric components (fluctuating asymmetry and directional asymmetry) for shape were statistically significant in both goats and sheep (p < 0.0001). The first three principal components explained 52.558% of the total shape variation in goats and 61.245% in sheep. This value for symmetric components was 59.095% and 67.742% for goats and sheep, respectively, and 66.791% and 71.154% for asymmetric components. As a result of discriminant function analysis, right and left orbital shapes showed grouping characteristics with similar success rates according to species. Although limited, the right orbit in goats (100%) and the left orbit in sheep (96.5%) were grouped more accurately.
Time‐savoring moderates associations of solitude with depressive mood, loneliness, and somatic symptoms in older adults' daily life
Authors: Wallimann Miriam , Peleg Shira , Pauly Theresa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEpisodes of solitude (being alone and without social interaction) are common in older age and can relate to decreased well‐being. Identifying everyday resources that help maintain older adults' well‐being in states of solitude is thus important. We investigated associations of daily solitude with subjective and physical well‐being under consideration of time‐savoring (i.e., attending to positive experiences and upregulating positive emotions). 108 older adults aged 65–92 years (M = 73.11, SD = 5.93; 58% women; 85% born in Switzerland) took part in an app‐based daily diary study in 2022. Over 14 consecutive days, participants reported daily solitude, time‐savoring, depressive mood, loneliness, and somatic symptoms in an end‐of‐day diary. Multilevel models revealed that participants reported higher depressive mood and loneliness, but not higher somatic symptoms on days on which they spent more time in solitude than usual. Higher‐than‐usual daily time‐savoring was associated with lower depressive mood, loneliness, and somatic symptoms. Associations of solitude with depressive mood, loneliness, and somatic symptoms were weaker on days on which higher time‐savoring than usual was reported. Findings highlight the potential of everyday time‐savoring as a resource in older adults in the context of increased solitude.
Prevalence of non‐neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms after kidney transplantation
Authors: Costa Silva Alberto , Pina‐Vaz Teresa , Morgado Afonso , Martins‐Silva Carlos , Antunes‐Lopes Tiago , Alturas Silva João 
Published: March 2024

ObjectiveThis review investigates the prevalence of male non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after renal transplant, as kidney transplantation is a transformative intervention for patients with end‐stage renal disease significantly enhancing quality of life that might be diminished by LUTS.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were followed. A systematic search in the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed using specific terms. Inclusion criteria considered male kidney transplant recipients, analysing outcomes in English‐language studies. Discrepancies were resolved by consultation.ResultsAmong 18 studies involving 29 086 recipients, the prevalence of non‐neurogenic LUTS ranged from 5.8% to 33.0%. Studies predominantly used the International Prostate Symptom Score for evaluation. Surgical interventions, mostly for benign prostatic obstruction, ranged from 2.5% to 20.0%. Voiding and post‐micturition symptoms were under‐represented.ConclusionThis review found varied non‐neurogenic LUTS prevalence and characteristics in male kidney transplant recipients, emphasising the need for standardised assessments, prospective studies, and improved understanding of LUTS mechanisms. Enhanced knowledge can guide interventions, additionally benefiting recipient quality of life.
Poor people's money during times of uncertainty: Uses, meanings and negotiation of monetary aid measures in the pandemic context
Authors: Perez‐Roa Lorena 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study sought to explore the uses meanings and negotiation that female heads of household from low‐income areas gave to the transferred money in the COVID health emergency period. Our specific interest is in the withdrawal of 10% of pension funds and the Emergency Family Income (IFE) due to the monetary relevance of both programs. Based on a 10th‐month follow‐up of 14 female heads of household from low‐income areas of Santiago, Chile, this qualitative study examines how the participating women “mark,” in Zelizer's sense, the money they received. Thus, we seek to account for how, based on the source of money, its forms of access and the amounts received, women determine how to use it and assign meaning to its value.
Design and synthesis of Fsp3‐enriched spirocyclic‐substituted diarylpyrimidine derivatives as novel HIV‐1 NNRTIs
Authors: Sang Zihao , Zhang Tao , Wang Zhao , De Clercq Erik , Pannecouque Christophe , Kang Dongwei , Zhan Peng , Liu Xinyong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel series of diarylpyrimidine derivatives with Fsp3‐enriched spirocycles were designed and synthesized to further explore the chemical space of the hydrophobic channel of the NNRTI‐binding pocket. The biological evaluation results showed that most of the compounds displayed effective inhibitory potency against the HIV‐1 wild‐type strain, with EC50 values ranging from micromolar to submicromolar levels. Among them, TT6 turned out to be the most effective inhibitor with an EC50 value of 0.17 μM, demonstrating up to 47 times more active than that of reference drug 3TC (EC50 = 8.01 μM). More encouragingly, TT6 was found to potently inhibit the HIV‐1 mutant strain K103N with an EC50 value of 0.69 μM, being about 6‐fold more potent than 3TC (EC50 = 3.68 μM) and NVP (EC50 = 4.62 μM). Furthermore, TT6 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity toward HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase with an IC50 value of 0.33 μM. Additionally, molecular simulation studies were conducted to investigate the binding modes between TT6 and NNRTI‐binding pocket, which may provide valuable clues for the follow‐up structural optimizations.