bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Location of collateral sprouting of donor nerve following end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy
Authors: Zhu Qing‐Tang , Zhu Jia‐Kai , Chen Gary Y. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractVarious studies have demonstrated collateral regeneration of the donor nerve following end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy, but the location of collateral sprouting remains controversial. In a rat end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy model we isolated nerve fibers from the donor nerve at the neurorrhaphy site utilizing a micro‐tease technique. We found that axons sprouted collaterally from a myelinated nerve fiber at the node of Ranvier. Based on this preliminary result we conclude that myelinated nerve fibers could sprout collateral branches at the node of Ranvier at an end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy site. These findings show that end‐to‐side neurorrhaphy may be an alternative for peripheral nerve repair. Muscle Nerve, 2008.
Fatigue‐induced changes in tonic vibration response (TVR) in humans: Relationships between electromyographic and biochemical events
Authors: Brerro‐Saby Christelle , Delliaux Stéphane , Steinberg Jean Guillaume , Jammes Yves 
Published: September 2008

AbstractFatigue‐induced changes in the proprioceptive reflex loop were explored in humans by using the tonic electromyographic (EMG) response to vibration (TVR) and relating it to lactic acidosis (LA) and oxidative stress. TVR was measured in flexor digitorum superficialis before and after sustained or intermittent handgrip at maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). TVR variations were compared with the changes in EMG power spectrum preceding contractile fatigue, the Hoffman reflex (H‐reflex), and plasma concentrations of LA and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). After both sustained and intermittent handgrips, TVR amplitude first declined then increased, independently from the changes in EMG power spectrum and H‐reflex. TVR depression and facilitation were respectively concomitant with increases in LA and TBARS. The TVR depression was proportional to the increased LA level. The origin of TVR changes after muscle fatigue is questioned because the relationship between TVR depression and LA accumulation might be temporal, not causal, and changes in muscle stiffness were not explored. Muscle Nerve, 2008.
Recessive CLCN1 mutation presenting as thomsen disease
Authors: Thomas Judy , Tarleton Jack , Baker Steven K. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis case report describes a young man referred for electrodiagnostic evaluation for hand stiffness and intermittent numbness. His needle electromyography revealed diffusely increased insertional and spontaneous motor activity in the form of myotonic discharges. Given the finding of symptomatic myotonia also in his mother, Thomsen myotonia was suspected. Investigations not only confirmed Thomsen myotonia, but also led to the identification of a previously reported heterozygous Becker mutation in both the proband and his mother. Muscle Nerve, 2008.
Adaptive and nonadaptive responses to voluntary wheel running by mdx mice
Authors: Landisch Rachel M. , Kosir Allison M. , Nelson Steven A. , Baltgalvis Kristen A. , Lowe Dawn A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which hindlimb muscles of mdx mice adapt to a voluntary endurance type of exercise. mdx and C57BL mice engaged in 8 weeks of wheel running or maintained normal cage activities. Beneficial adaptations that occurred in mdx mice included changes in muscle mass, fiber size, and fiber types based on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression. These adaptations occurred without increases in fiber central nuclei and embryonic MHC expression. An undesirable outcome, however, was that muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities did not improve with exercise in mdx mice as they did in C57BL mice. Cellular remodeling of dystrophic muscle following exercise has not been studied adequately. In this study we found that some, but not all, of the expected adaptations occurred in mdx mouse muscle. We must better understand these (non)adaptations in order to inform individuals with DMD about the benefits of exercise. Muscle Nerve 38: 1290–1303, 2008
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the satellite cell response following muscle lengthening contractions in humans
Authors: O'Reilly Ciara , McKay Bryon , Phillips Stuart , Tarnopolsky Mark , Parise Gianni 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe time‐courses of satellite cell (SC) activation and protein expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), HGF activator (HGFA), HGFA inhibitor‐1 (HAI‐1), and HGFA inhibitor‐2 (HAI‐2) in human skeletal muscle, as well as serum HGF following a single bout of muscle lengthening contractions, were determined. Eight recreationally active participants were recruited for the study. Subjects performed 300 lengthening contractions involving the quadriceps femoris muscles of a single leg at a fixed velocity of 180°/s. Percutaneous muscle biopsies were taken before (PRE) and at 4 h (T4), 24 h (T24), 72 h (T72), and 120 h (T120) following the exercise. The protocol resulted in an increase in the number of SCs [neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)‐labeled cells] expressed relative to total myonuclei, at T24, compared with both PRE and T4 (P < 0.05), and peaked at T72 (∽80% increase vs. PRE, P < 0.05). HGF protein increased significantly in serum from baseline (PRE) to T4 (P < 0.05). Active HGF protein was detected in skeletal muscle at rest [14.4 ± 1.3 average integrated density value (IDV)/actin average IDV] and tended to increase at early time‐points (P = 0.12). HGFA protein increased significantly from PRE to T24 (P < 0.05). HAI‐1 protein increased significantly from PRE to T24 (P < 0.05). HAI‐2 (32 kDa) increased significantly from baseline (PRE) by T24 (P < 0.05), and also by T72 and T120 (P < 0.05). We conclude that a single bout of lengthening muscle contractions is sufficient to activate SCs, which may involve both a local and systemic HGF response to contraction‐induced injury. Muscle Nerve, 2008
Citicoline enhances frontal lobe bioenergetics as measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Silveri M. M. , Dikan J. , Ross A. J. , Jensen J. E. , Kamiya T. , Kawada Y. , Renshaw P. F. , Yurgelun‐Todd D. A. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractCiticoline supplementation has been used to ameliorate memory disturbances in older people and those with Alzheimer's disease. This study used MRS to characterize the effects of citicoline on high‐energy phosphate metabolites and constituents of membrane synthesis in the frontal lobe. Phosphorus (31P) metabolite data were acquired using a three‐dimensional chemical‐shift imaging protocol at 4 T from 16 healthy men and women (mean ± SD age 47.3 ± 5.4 years) who orally self‐administered 500 mg or 2000 mg Cognizin® Citicoline (Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan) for 6 weeks. Individual 31P metabolites were quantified in the frontal lobe (anterior cingulate cortex) and a comparison region (parieto‐occipital cortex). Significant increases in phosphocreatine (+7%), β‐nucleoside triphosphates (largely ATP in brain, +14%) and the ratio of phosphocreatine to inorganic phosphate (+32%), as well as significant changes in membrane phospholipids, were observed in the anterior cingulate cortex after 6 weeks of citicoline treatment. These treatment‐related alterations in phosphorus metabolites were not only regionally specific, but tended to be of greater magnitude in subjects who received the lower dose. These data show that citicoline improves frontal lobe bioenergetics and alters phospholipid membrane turnover. Citicoline supplementation may therefore help to mitigate cognitive declines associated with aging by increasing energy reserves and utilization, as well as increasing the amount of essential phospholipid membrane components needed to synthesize and maintain cell membranes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Symmetric low‐rank corrections to quadratic models
Authors: Qian Jiang , Xu Shu‐Fang , Bai Feng‐Shan 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we study the quadratic model updating problems by using symmetric low‐rank correcting, which incorporates the measured model data into the analytical quadratic model to produce an adjusted model that matches the experimental model data, and minimizes the distance between the analytical and updated models. We give a necessary and sufficient condition on the existence of solutions to the symmetric low‐rank correcting problems under some mild conditions, and propose two algorithms for finding approximate solutions to the corresponding optimization problems. The good performance of the two algorithms is illustrated by numerical examples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A moving Kriging interpolation‐based meshless method for numerical simulation of Kirchhoff plate problems
Authors: Bui Tinh Quoc , Nguyen Tan Nhat , Nguyen‐Dang Hung 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis paper mainly proposes an alternative way for numerical implementation of thin plates bending based on a new improvement of meshless method, which is combined between the standard element‐free Galerkin method and one different shape functions building technique. The moving Kriging (MK) interpolation is applied instead of the traditional moving least‐square approximation in order to overcome Kronecker's delta property where the standard method does not satisfy. Obviously, the deflection of the thin plates is approximated via the MK interpolation. To illustrate this approach, numerical analysis is examined in both regular and irregular systems. Three examples with different geometric shapes of thin plates undergoing a simply supported boundary are performed. In addition, two important parameters of the present method are also analyzed. A good agreement can be found among the proposed, analytical and finite element methods. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical modelling of elastic wave scattering in frequency domain by the partition of unity finite element method
Authors: El Kacimi A. , Laghrouche O. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate a numerical approach based on the partition of unity finite element method, for the time‐harmonic elastic wave equations. The aim of the proposed work is to accurately model two‐dimensional elastic wave problems with fewer elements, capable of containing many wavelengths per nodal spacing, and without refining the mesh at each frequency. The approximation of the displacement field is performed via the standard finite element shape functions, enriched by superimposing pressure and shear plane wave basis, which incorporate knowledge of the wave propagation. A variational framework able to handle mixed boundary conditions is described. Numerical examples dealing with the radiation and the scattering of elastic waves by a circular body are presented. The results show the performance of the proposed method in both accuracy and efficiency. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Isolated central nervous system recurrence of acute promyelocytic leukemia in children
Authors: Chow Jessica , Feusner James 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe incidence of isolated central nervous system (iCNS) relapse in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is debated. We analyzed the literature, focusing on clinical trials reported since the advent of ATRA use. Only 2/218 (0.92%) good risk patients (diagnostic WBC <10,000/µl) had truly iCNS relapse. This incidence does not support the use of intrathecal CNS prophylaxis for all children with APL. We also identified multiple deficiencies in these reports. Additional reporting of these events could provide insight into the true incidence and pathogenesis of iCNS relapse and might allow for identification of risk factors associated with such extramedullary relapse. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:11–13. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Health‐care providers' compliance with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia protocol in Indonesia
Authors: Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Mostert Saskia , Gundy Chad M. , Sutaryo  , Veerman Anjo J.P. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundNon‐compliance with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) protocol is an important determinant of poor treatment outcome. Non‐compliance with protocol may not only concern parents or patients, but may also concern health‐care providers (HCP). Our study examines the accuracy of leukemia risk classification and attitude of HCP toward protocol compliance in Indonesia.ProcedureA combined retrospective study of medical records (MR) and a cross‐sectional questionnaire study with HCP were conducted. Accurate ALL risk classification in MR was assessed. HCP' knowledge of risk classification and their attitude toward protocol compliance were examined.ResultsA total of 164 MR patients with ALL were assessed and 97 HCP were interviewed. The protocol criteria for high‐risk (HR) were not complete in 82 MR (50%). Of 97 HCP, 95% did not mention all five protocol criteria for HR. Both in the MR as well as in the questionnaires lymphoblast count on day 8 of chemotherapy, as early response to treatment, was the most frequently missed item (missing in 35% of MR and 85% of questionnaires). Only 14% of respondents actually checked with parents whether they administered the prescribed medicines.ConclusionsOur study shows that HCP should improve their knowledge and assessment of childhood ALL risk classification, especially lymphoblast count on day 8 of chemotherapy. Proper risk classification and subsequent correct treatment may enable more children to be cured of leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:732–736. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Progressive cracking mastercurves of the transverse ply in a laminate
Authors: Andersons J. , Joffe R. , Spārniņš E. , Rubenis O. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this study, progressive cracking of a transverse layer in a cross‐ply composite laminate subjected to tensile loading is considered. Using the results of a probabilistic cracking model, approximate relations for crack density as a function of stress are derived for initiation‐controlled and propagation‐controlled cracking. It is shown that the crack density evolution in the transverse ply can be represented by a mastercurve in suitably normalized coordinates. The mastercurve approach is applied to progressive cracking in glass/epoxy laminates. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Artificial intelligence techniques in simulation of viscoplasticity of polymeric composites
Authors: Al‐Haik M.S. , Hussaini M.Y. , Rogan C.S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe viscoplastic behavior of a carbon fiber/polymer matrix composite is investigated via different modeling schemes. The first model is phenomenological in nature based on the overstress‐viscoplasticity. The second model utilizes neural networks paradigms. Genetic algorithm‐based strategies are used to prune the proposed neural network. Several optimization algorithms are implemented for training the network. In comparison, the neurocomputational model is found to outperform the phenomenological model. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Enhanced degradation of poly(L‐lactide) containing arginine, tryptophan and lysine
Authors: Zhao Na , Xiong Zuochun , Yang Dejuan , Xu Liang , Bai Wei , Xiong Chengdong 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAddition of arginine, tryptophan and lysine to poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) has resulted in a new series of enhanced degradation biomaterials. Degradation was performed at 70°C and degradation behavior was studied using water uptake, mass loss, pH value change, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile properties. The results indicated that PLLA containing amino acids degraded more quickly than pure PLLA. In PLLA containing arginine, lysine, or tryptophan, crystallinity of the latter decreased after 8 days degradation while crystallinities of the other two composites increased. Destroying crystallites assists with deeper degradation and in vivo assimilation. Initial tensile strengths of all undegraded bars were almost the same. Furthermore, pH value changes indicated that additive amino acids could neutralize acidic degradation products, which may be a solution to the bacteria‐free inflammation induced by the acidic products. The results indicate that the composite biomaterials may be useful for future clinical application. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
A facile preparation of composites composed of cellulose and polymeric ionic liquids by in situ polymerization of ionic liquids having acrylate groups
Authors: Takegawa Akihiko , Murakami Masa‐aki , Kaneko Yoshiro , Kadokawa Jun‐ichi 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this study, a facile preparation of the composites composed of cellulose and the polyacrylate‐type polymeric ionic liquids was carried out by the in situ polymerization of the polymerizable ionic liquids. The two polymerizable ionic liquids were employed, which had one polymerizable group (acrylate) and two polymerizable groups (acrylate and vinyl). First, the pretreatment of cellulose in the mixtures of the two ionic liquids were performed, resulting in disrupting most crystalline structure of cellulose. Then, the radical polymerization of the ionic liquids in the pretreated mixtures was carried out by AIBN to obtain the composites. The analytical data of the composites indicated the good compatibility between cellulose and the polymeric ionic liquids. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the composites were measured by a tensile tester. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Nanostructured polyaniline reinforced sustainable resource (soy oil alkyd) based composites
Authors: Alam Javed , Riaz Ufana , Ahmad Sharif 
Published: September 2008

AbstractStudies on composites and blends based on nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) have become the subject of scientific curiosity with regard to their morphology, stability, and electronic properties. Nanocomposites of conducting polymers display improved mechanical, electrical, optical, and catalytic properties owing to their remarkable nanostructure. The present study reports the synthesis of nanostructured PANI and its composites based on soy oil alkyd. The effect of loading of nanostructured PANI on the physiochemical, physicomechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the composite has been analyzed. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Visualization study of foaming process for polyimide foams and its reinforced foams
Authors: Pan Ling‐Ying , Shen Yan‐Xia , Zhan Mao‐Sheng , Wang Kai , Gao Da‐Li 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this article, the foaming processes of polyimide foams and its reinforced foams were observed by a self‐made visualization device at different heating rates ranging from 10°C/min to 120°C/min. Contributing factors such as chemical structure of polyimide, fillers, and heating rate were investigated to determine the effects on the inflation onset temperature and morphological change of polyimide foam precursor powders. The results showed that the powder might grow into a single bubble mesostructure at a lower heating rate or a multibubble mesostructure at a higher heating rate. Because of the filling of reinforcing fillers, the inflation morphology of reinforced polyimide foam precursor powders show a different change trend with the increase of temperature compared to the pure polyimide foam precursor powders. For all kinds of polyimide foam precursor powders investigated in this article, the inflation morphologies showed a similar variation trend with different heating rates, and the final inflation degrees were slightly different. The inflation onset temperatures of all polyimide foam precursor powders studied decreased with increasing heating rate. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
Medicine utilisation review in selected non‐governmental organisations primary healthcare clinics in the West Bank in Palestine
Authors: Khatib R. , Daoud A. , Abu‐Rmeileh N.M.E. , Mataria A. , McCaig D. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundInformation on prescribing practices in Palestine is lacking, however, still essential for strategic planning.PurposeTo characterise prescribing patterns and specific medicine use indicators in selected non‐governmental organisations' (NGO) primary healthcare clinics/centres (PHC) in the West Bank (WB) in Palestine.MethodologyA prospective cross‐sectional survey of prescribing practices based on medical records of 6032 patients with acute symptoms frequenting 41 NGO PHCs in the WB, between July and September 2004. A systematic random sample of every 10th patient appearing on the patient registration list was selected. Direct observation of consultation and dispensing practices and times in a sub‐group of patients was completed utilising special forms.ResultsRespiratory tract infections were the most commonly occurring conditions. On average, 1.9 drugs were prescribed per encounter and antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed medications, followed by Analgesics and NSAIDs accounting for 46 and 20% of the total medications expenditures, respectively. Injections and combined medications use per encounter was 16 and 8%, respectively. Most commonly prescribed medications were of local production. Consultation (6.4 ± 4.6 minutes) and dispensing times (1.6 ± 1.5 minutes) were short with inadequate labelling. Provision of reference sources and treatment guidelines implementation were also inadequate.ConclusionThe results suggest that prescribing practices could be improved through wider implementation of treatment guidelines, a review of antibiotic prescribing, and increased time spent with patients to promote concordance. Strategies aimed at improving prescribing and dispensing practices should be addressed through new innovative capacity building models based on problem solving and feedback mechanisms. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reactions of 1,2,5‐thiadiazole 1,1‐dioxide derivatives with nitrogen nucleophiles. Part IV. Addition of α‐diamines
Authors: Mirífico María Virginia , Caram José Alberto , Vasini Enrique Julio , Piro Oscar Enrique , Castellano Eduardo E. 
Published: September 2008

Abstractα‐diamines, such as ethylendiamine and o‐phenylendiamine, add to 3,4‐aryl‐disubstituted 1,2,5‐thiadiazole 1,1‐dioxides to give dihydropyrazines or quinoxalines, respectively and sulfamide. The new compound acenaphtho [5,6‐b]‐2,3‐dihydropyrazine was synthesized and characterized. The addition of ethylendiamine to 3,4‐diphenyl‐ 1,2,5‐thiadiazoline 1,1‐dioxide gives 3,4‐disubstituted thiadiazolidine 1,1‐dioxide, dihydropyrazines, or pyrazines, depending on the reaction condition used. The reactions were followed by cyclic voltammetry and NMR spectroscopy which, in some cases, allowed the detection of the thiadiazolidine intermediate. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.