bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General Semi‐Solid Freeze Casting for Uniform Large‐Scale Isotropic Porous Scaffolds: An Application for Extensive Oral Mucosal Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Jinlin , Zhang Tianyu , Liu Dan , Yang Fan , Feng Yuan , Wang Ao , Wang Yanchao , He Xueling , Luo Feng , Li Jiehua , Tan Hong , Jiang Lu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIce‐templated porous biomaterials possess transformative potential in regenerative medicine; yet, scaling up ice‐templating processes for broader applications—owing to inconsistent pore formation—remains challenging. This study reports an innovative semi‐solid freeze‐casting technique that draws inspiration from semi‐solid metal processing (SSMP) combined with ice cream‐production routines. This versatile approach allows for the large‐scale assembly of various materials, from polymers to inorganic particles, into isotropic 3D scaffolds featuring uniformly equiaxed pores throughout the centimeter scale. Through (cryo‐)electron microscopy, X‐ray tomography, and finite element modeling, the structural evolution of ice grains/pores is elucidated, demonstrating how the method increases the initial ice nucleus density by pre‐fabricating a semi‐frozen slurry, which facilitates a transition from columnar to equiaxed grain structures. For a practical demonstration, as‐prepared scaffolds are integrated into a bilayer tissue patch using biodegradable waterborne polyurethane (WPU) for large‐scale oral mucosal reconstruction in minipigs. Systematic analyses, including histology and RNA sequencing, prove that the patch modulates the healing process toward near‐scarless mucosal remodeling via innate and adaptive immunomodulation and activation of pro‐healing genes converging on matrix synthesis and epithelialization. This study not only advances the field of ice‐templating fabrication but sets a promising precedent for scaffold‐based large‐scale tissue regeneration.
Ultrasound Assisted Aqueous Two‐Phase Extraction of Polysaccharides from Ophiopogon japonicus: Process Optimization, Structure Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Tian Yanhua , Luo Aiguo , Yang Zhaoyan , Zhang Ling , Zhang Xuanping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUltrasound assisted aqueous two‐phase extraction (UATPE) is used to extract polysaccharides from Ophiopogon japonicus (OJPs). Experimental factors in UATPE process are optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal extraction conditions are obtained as follows: the ethanol concentration of 34%, ammonium sulfate concentration of 23%, solid‐to‐liquid ratio of 1:17 g/mL, and ultrasound power of 480 W, and the yield of OJPs is 9.41% ± 0.12%, and then the crude OJPs are further purified by different column chromatography to obtain a homogenous fraction (OJPs‐2‐SG), and identified its structure via different methods. OJPs‐2‐SG with a molecular weight of 1.25 × 105 Da is comprised of mannose (Man), galactose (Gal), glucose (Glc), and rhamnose (Rha) with a molar ratio of 5.15: 26.39: 68.72:8.41. Moreover, OJPs‐2‐SG contained α and β glycosidic bonds, and didn't showed a triple helix structure. Furthermore, OJPs‐2‐SG described irregular structures, and cylindrical and conical block like features. The IC50 values of scavenging 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), and superoxide (O2‐) radicals for OJPs‐2‐SG achieved 3.72 mg/mL, 3.89 mg/mL, and 8.71 mg/mL, respectively. These results provide important references for the extraction and application of polysaccharides.
Value of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors as a combination therapy for treating erectile dysfunction: A literature review
Authors: Owen Christopher K. , Khalafalla Kareim , Wang Run 
Published: March 2024

AbstractErectile dysfunction (ED) is increasing in prevalence, with estimates that 50% of men between 40 and 70 years of age suffer from the disease. Due to a wide array of available medical interventions, significant focus has been put on combination therapies that can treat ED refractory to first‐line treatments such as phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5is). However, reviews evaluating monotherapy noninferiority and patient satisfaction of monotherapy versus combination therapy are lacking. A thorough PubMed search was performed to evaluate combination therapy in ED treatment. Articles published between January 2008 and June 2023 were reviewed, including randomized control trials, retrospective analyses, and cohort studies. Combination therapies included PDE5i plus another PDE5i, testosterone supplementation, α‐blockers, vacuum erectile devices, intracavernosal injections, and low‐intensity shockwave therapy. Based on this review, PDE5i monotherapy is not inferior to combination therapy and has increased satisfaction, convenience, and ease of use for patients with ED. Limitations of current literature on combination therapy include small sample size, limited data on patient satisfaction, possible biases, and limited follow‐up time. Further studies will need larger randomized control trials with follow‐up times greater than 1 year.
Situated Knowledge and Energy Transformations: A Socio-Anthropological Exploration
Authors: Cappello Elena Apostoli 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis chapter focuses on San Pietro island case study and uses an ethnographic, micro and qualitative approach. San Pietro island is facing Sulcis, the southwestern corner of the Sardinia, a region of coal-mining and industrial vocation currently involved in a challenging energy transition. San Pietro local residents claim their ethnic difference as descendants of the eighteenth century settlers from Liguria. Today, contrary to Sulcis, the island benefits from several EU grants aiming to improve energy efficiency and renewables. I explore if the orientation of the community towards a shared idea of its past and future could be a determining factor in triggering a positive and stable tipping point towards decarbonization. I use energyscape framework to understand the spatial dimension and ethnography to explore local imaginaries on renewables as context for examination of social agency. I find that the attempt at deep transformations driven by policy plans may experience implementation difficulties, since local residents’ futures and horizons do not align to the timescales, worldviews on humans or technology, or many other dimensions and narratives arriving “from outside” the community.
Tipping Points Emerge in the Interaction Between Narrative and Reality
Authors: van der Leeuw Sander 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe paper considers narratives as dynamic memory banks and shifts understanding from emphasizing the origins of the present to the emergence of the present. In the construction of reality, imagined futures articulate with knowledge obtained in the past.In another inversion, rather than explain change and consider stability as the norm, it focuses on change as the norm and investigates the creation of stability to explain, for example, why our societies are so slow in acting on climate change.The creation of meaning is the result of an interaction between thinking and experience, like the interaction between a map and the territory it represents. It reduces the complexity of the territory to the simplicity of the map, shaping simultaneously the cognitive map and the territory it represents. Such cognitive structures evolve into dense networks of cognitive dimensions.Tipping points emerge as a particular cognitive structure is no longer enabling a society to deal with its changing environment because it does not fully trace the logical and functional nature of the relationship between the two. To facilitate that, we need to understanding noise as signals for which no interpretative conceptual and cognitive structure has yet been identified.
Social Tipping Processes in the Transformation of Civitavecchia’s Socio-energy System
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel Delatin , Grasso Marco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe chapter introduces the notion of ‘social tipping processes’, an interdisciplinary framework for the analysis of complex transformation processes which helps to identify the sequence of, broadly understood, socio-political events that can trigger positive or negative dynamics of transformations of current social-ecological systems. Social tipping processes are first framed and delineated, then this category is applied to a spatially and temporally delimited empirical case, the long-standing Italian energy city of Civitavecchia—near Rome—to investigate the transformation to renewables of the local socio-energy systems as a dynamic and relational process. The chapter concludes by outlining the main paths forward for a sustainable future, as advocated by the social tipping processes perspective put into action in the case under scrutiny.
Increasing Accessibility of Online Board Games to Visually Impaired People via Machine Learning and Textual/Audio Feedback: The Case of “Quantik”
Authors: Gnecco Giorgio , Battaglini Chiara , Biancalani Francesco , Bottari Davide , Camurri Antonio , Leporini Barbara 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPlaying board games is commonly recognized as an effective way to promote the integration and socialization of their participants. However, visually impaired people may encounter accessibility issues when playing online versions of board games, for instance, because such versions may have been designed having initially sighted people in mind. Given this premise, the aim of this work is to design an interface aimed to help visually impaired people play board games online, via an improved interaction with a normal or touch screen. This goal is achieved by means of automatic recognition of the portion of the screen one’s finger or the cursor is pointing to, its classification via machine learning, and the use of either textual or audio feedback. In this way, a visually impaired person could explore the screen in quite a natural way, obtaining information, e.g., about the positions of the various pieces on the board. As a case study, a preliminary version of the interface is developed to address accessibility of the online version of a carefully selected pure strategy abstract board game, namely “Quantik” from Gigamic.
Chiral magnetic waves in strongly coupled Weyl semimetals
Authors: Ahn Yong jun , Baggioli Matteo , Liu Yan , Wu Xin-Meng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Propagating chiral magnetic waves (CMW) are expected to exist in chiral plasmas due to the interplay between the chiral magnetic and chiral separation effects induced by the presence of a chiral anomaly. Unfortunately, it was pointed out that, because of the effects of electric conductivity and dissipation, CMW are overdamped and therefore their signatures are unlikely to be seen in heavy-ion collision experiments and in the quark gluon plasma. Nonetheless, the chiral anomaly plays a fundamental role in Weyl semimetals and their anomalous transport properties as well. Hence, CMW could be potentially observed in topological semimetals using table-top experiments. By using a holographic model for strongly coupled Weyl semimetals, we investigate in detail the nature of CMW in presence of Coulomb interactions and axial charge relaxation and estimate whether, and in which regimes, CMW could be observed as underdamped collective excitations in topological materials.
On running coupling in the JIMWLK evolution and its Langevin formulation
Authors: Altinoluk Tolga , Beuf Guillaume , Lublinsky Michael , Skokov Vladimir V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Various conventional running coupling prescriptions reproducing β0-dependent terms of NLO JIMWLK are reviewed and found to be theoretically inconsistent: the JIMWLK evolution Hamiltonian with running coupling violates the requirement of positive semidefiniteness. This requirement appears to be tightly related to the possibility of having a Langevin formulation for the evolution.We also review the scheme that attributes a part of β0-dependent terms to the DGLAP evolution of the projectile. The remaining β0-dependent contributions sum up into so-called “daughter dipole” prescription, which leads to a manifestly positive semidefinite Hamiltonian.
Deep learning reconstruction for high-resolution computed tomography images of the temporal bone: comparison with hybrid iterative reconstruction
Authors: Fujita Nana , Yasaka Koichiro , Hatano Sosuke , Sakamoto Naoya , Kurokawa Ryo , Abe Osamu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We investigated whether the quality of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) images of the temporal bone improves with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR).

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 36 patients (15 men, 21 women; age, 53.9 ± 19.5 years) who had undergone high-resolution CT of the temporal bone. Axial and coronal images were reconstructed using DLR, HIR, and filtered back projection (FBP). In qualitative image analyses, two radiologists independently compared the DLR and HIR images with FBP in terms of depiction of structures, image noise, and overall quality, using a 5-point scale (5 = better than FBP, 1 = poorer than FBP) to evaluate image quality. The other two radiologists placed regions of interest on the tympanic cavity and measured the standard deviation of CT attenuation (i.e., quantitative image noise). Scores from the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the DLR and HIR images were compared using, respectively, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the paired t-test.

Results
Qualitative and quantitative image noise was significantly reduced in DLR images compared with HIR images (all comparisons, p ≤ 0.016). Depiction of the otic capsule, auditory ossicles, and tympanic membrane was significantly improved in DLR images compared with HIR images (both readers, p ≤ 0.003). Overall image quality was significantly superior in DLR images compared with HIR images (both readers, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Compared with HIR, DLR provided significantly better-quality high-resolution CT images of the temporal bone.
Impact of 4D-Flow CMR Parameters on Functional Evaluation of Fontan Circulation
Authors: Ait Ali Lamia , Martini Nicola , Listo Elisa , Valenti Elisa , Sotelo Julio , Salvadori Stefano , Passino Claudio , Monteleone Angelo , Stagnaro Nicola , Trocchio Gianluca , Marrone Chiara , Raimondi Francesca , Catapano Giosuè , Festa Pierluigi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe sought to evaluate the potential clinical role of 4D-flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived energetics and flow parameters in a cohort of patients’ post-Fontan palliation. In patients with Fontan circulation who underwent 4D-Flow CMR, streamlines distribution was evaluated, as well a 4D-flow CMR-derived energetics parameters as kinetic energy (KE) and energy loss (EL) normalized by volume. EL/KE index as a marker of flow efficiency was also calculated. Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was also performed in a subgroup of patients. The population study included 55 patients (mean age 22 ± 11 years). The analysis of the streamlines revealed a preferential distribution of the right superior vena cava flow for the right pulmonary artery (62.5 ± 35.4%) and a mild preferential flow for the left pulmonary artery (52.3 ± 40.6%) of the inferior vena cave-pulmonary arteries (IVC-PA) conduit. Patients with heart failure (HF) presented lower IVC/PA-conduit flow (0.75 ± 0.5 vs 1.3 ± 0.5 l/min/m2, p = 0.004) and a higher mean flow-jet angle of the IVC-PA conduit (39.2 ± 22.8 vs 15.2 ± 8.9, p < 0.001) than the remaining patients. EL/KE index correlates inversely with VO2/kg/min: R: − 0.45, p = 0.01 peak, minute ventilation (VE) R: − 0.466, p < 0.01, maximal voluntary ventilation: R:0.44, p = 0.001 and positively with the physiological dead space to the tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) peak: R: 0.58, p < 0.01. From our data, lower blood flow in IVC/PA conduit and eccentric flow was associated with HF whereas higher EL/KE index was associated with reduced functional capacity and impaired lung function. Larger studies are needed to confirm our results and to further improve the prognostic role of the 4D-Flow CMR in this challenging population.
Advanced Facial Rejuvenation: Synergistic Effects of Lower Blepharoplasty and Ultrasound Guided Mid-Face Lift Using Polydioxanone (PDO) Threads
Authors: Park Jun Ho , Jeong Ji Won , Park Ji-Ung 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Traditional facial aging surgeries have risks and extended recovery times, leading to a demand for minimally invasive alternatives. PDO (polydioxanone) threads, which are absorbable sutures that stimulate collagen production and tissue contraction, offer improved aesthetic outcomes. This paper evaluates the combined use of PDO thread mid-cheek lift and lower blepharoplasty for facial rejuvenation.

Methods
This retrospective study compared outcomes in patients undergoing lower blepharoplasty combined with a mid-face lift using PDO threads versus those undergoing only lower blepharoplasty. Focused on individuals with baggy lower eyelids and pronounced nasolabial folds, outcome measures included the Modified Fitzpatrick wrinkle scale, Allergan® midface volume deficit scale, Width of inter zygomatic distance, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and patient satisfaction questionnaires, assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

Results
The combined procedure demonstrated superior aesthetic outcomes and higher patient satisfaction compared to lower blepharoplasty alone. Improvements were more significant in wrinkle reduction, midface volume, and inter-zygomatic distance in the combined procedure group. Although the combined procedure had a longer mean operation time, scar assessment scores were similar between both groups, with no complications reported.

Conclusion
The combination of lower blepharoplasty and mid-face lift using PDO threads is a comprehensive and effective approach for facial rejuvenation. It significantly enhances wrinkle reduction, mid-face lifting, and patient satisfaction. Ultrasound-guided thread lifting, a method of assessing and performing mid-face lifting, proves to be safe and efficient. This approach holds promise as a future option in cosmetic anti-aging surgery, presenting a minimally invasive alternative with natural-looking results and reduced downtime.

Level of Evidence II
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://link.springer.com/journal/00266.
The effectiveness of virtual reality exercise games on balance functions and fear of falling in women with osteoporosis
Authors: Yilmaz Nihal , Kösehasanoğulları Meryem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo investigate and compare the effectiveness of Nintendo Wii games and home exercises on balance functions in patients with osteoporosis, an important disease adversely affecting balance functions. The patients included in the study were randomized into two groups the Wii exercise group (n = 30) and the home exercise group (n = 30). Wii exercise group performed balance exercises with a Nintendo Wii device and balance board three times a week for 12 weeks under the supervision of a physiotherapist in the hospital, and home exercise group was prescribed home exercises three days a week for 12 weeks. Balance functions were evaluated with the timed up-and-go-test and Berg Balance Scale, and the fall risk was evaluated with the Falls Efficacy Scale at the beginning and end of 12 weeks of treatment. Comparison of pre- and post-treatment timed up-and-go-test, Berg Balance Scale, and Falls Efficacy Scale results in both groups revealed statistically significant improvements (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Furthermore, post-treatment test scores between the two groups demonstrated a significant enhancement in Wii exercise group regarding the Berg Balance Scale score (Mean ± SD 52.9 ± 3.63) (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Within the osteoporotic population, balance functions serve as robust predictors of fall risk. Improvement in balance functions is crucial for the prevention of falls and subsequent osteoporotic fractures. In our study, we found that balance exercises performed with Wii games are effective in improving balance functions in patients with osteoporosis.
Patients undergoing double J substitution with a pigtail suture stent report a significant decrease of stent-related symptoms. Results from a prospective multicenter longitudinal trial
Authors: Bosio Andrea , Ferretti Stefania , Alessandria Eugenio , Vitiello Federico , Vercelli Eugenia , Campobasso Davide , Micai Luca , Gozzo Claudia , Bertello Glauco , Guarino Giulio Gaetano , Alice Claudia , Bisconti Alessandro , Fop Fabrizio , Gontero Paolo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare stent-related symptoms (SRS) in patients with double J (DJ) undergoing substitution with a pigtail suture stent (PSS) after ureteroscopy (URS), through the Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ).

Materials and methods
Patients with DJ undergoing URS for stone treatment were enrolled in this prospective multicenter longitudinal study. The USSQ was submitted thrice: 2 weeks after DJ, 2 weeks after PSS and 4 weeks after PSS removal (baseline). Primary endpoint: to compare Urinary Symptom Index Score and the rate of patients with pain 2 weeks after DJ and PSS. Secondary endpoints: to compare other USSQ scores and single answers 2 weeks after DJ and PSS, and DJ and PSS USSQ scores with baseline.

Results
93 patients were enrolled. 2 weeks Urinary Symptom Index Score (p < 0.001) and the percentage of patients complaining of pain (60.2% vs 88.2%, p < 0.001) were significantly in favour of PSS compared to DJ. 2 weeks scores were significantly improved with PSS compared to DJ: Pain Index (p < 0.001), VAS (p < 0.001), General Health Index (p < 0.001) and Work Performance Index (p < 0.001). All urinary symptoms were significantly decreased with PSS, including renal pain during micturition and pain interfering with life. Pain Index Score (p = 0.622) and VAS (p = 0.169) were comparable to baseline with PSS, while differed with DJ.

Conclusions
Patients undergoing DJ substitution with PSS after URS report a significant decrease of SRS. Urologists may consider positioning PSS after URS in pre-stented patients to reduce the impact of SRS.