bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upcycling of polyamides through chemical hydrolysis and engineered Pseudomonas putida
Authors: de Witt Jan , Luthe Tom , Wiechert Johanna , Jensen Kenneth , Polen Tino , Wirtz Astrid , Thies Stephan , Frunzke Julia , Wynands Benedikt , Wierckx Nick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aliphatic polyamides, or nylons, are widely used in the textile and automotive industry due to their high durability and tensile strength, but recycling rates are below 5%. Chemical recycling of polyamides is possible but typically yields mixtures of monomers and oligomers which hinders downstream purification. Here, Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was engineered to metabolize C6-polyamide monomers such as 6-aminohexanoic acid, ε-caprolactam and 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, guided by adaptive laboratory evolution. Heterologous expression of nylonases also enabled P. putida to metabolize linear and cyclic nylon oligomers derived from chemical polyamide hydrolysis. RNA sequencing and reverse engineering revealed the metabolic pathways for these non-natural substrates. To demonstrate microbial upcycling, the phaCAB operon from Cupriavidus necator was heterologously expressed to enable production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from PA6 hydrolysates. This study presents a microbial host for the biological conversion, in combination with chemical hydrolysis, of polyamide monomers and mixed polyamids hydrolysates to a value-added product.
An integrated workflow combining machine learning and wavelet transform for automated characterization of heterogeneous groundwater systems
Authors: Mohammed Musaab A. A. , Szabó Norbert P. , Eltijani Abdelrhim , Szűcs Péter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Groundwater aquifers are complex systems that require accurate lithological and hydrogeological characterization for effective development and management. Traditional methods, such as core analysis and pumping tests provide precise results but are expensive, time-consuming, and impractical for large-scale investigations. Geophysical well logging data offers an efficient and continuous alternative, though manual interpretation of well logs can be challenging and may result in ambiguous outcomes. This research introduces an automated approach using machine learning and signal processing techniques to enhance the aquifer characterization, focusing on the Quaternary system in the Debrecen area, Eastern Hungary. The proposed methodology is initiated with the imputation of missing deep resistivity logs from spontaneous potential, natural gamma ray, and medium resistivity logs utilizing a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network. This preprocessing step significantly improved the data quality for subsequent analyses. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are then applied to the preprocessed well logs to map the distribution of the lithological units across the groundwater system. Considering the mathematical and geological aspects, the SOMs delineated three primary lithological units: shale, shaly sand, and sand and gravel which aligned closely with drilling data. Continuous wavelet transform analysis further refined the mapping of lithological and hydrostratigraphical boundaries. The integrated methods effectively mapped the subsurface aquifer generating a 3D lithological model that simplifies the aquifer into four major hydrostratigraphical zones. The delineated lithology aligned closely with the deterministically estimated shale volume and permeability, revealing higher permeability and lower shale volume in the sandy and gravelly layers. This model provides a robust foundation for groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling and can be extended to other regions for improved aquifer management and development.
Revisiting search methods for the bounded-diameter minimum spanning tree problem
Authors: Rosseti Isabel , Nepomuceno Rogério M. , Mafort Rodrigo L. , Protti Fábio , Simonetti Luidi , Vallim Edoarda 
Published: February 2025

The Bounded-Di\-am\-e\-ter Minimum Spanning Tree Problem (BDMSTP) is defined as follows: Given a graph $G$ where each edge $xy$ has a positive cost $w_{xy}$, the goal is to find an optimal spanning tree of $G$ whose diameter does not exceed a prescribed positive integer $D\geq 2$. Applications of the BDMSTP appear in telecommunication network and fiber optic projects, data compression problems, and distributed systems design. This work revisits search methods for the BDMSTP and proposes alternative combinations of local search moves, intending to select efficient sets of moves and improve the quality of the solutions found in the literature. For small 50- and 100-node instances from the widely-used OR-Library, we obtain exact solutions whose optimal values were so far unknown. Having solved these easier cases, we can then concentrate our efforts on solving more challenging OR-Library graph instances with 250, 500, and 1000 nodes. The process of selecting efficient sets of search moves is done by encapsulating different local search versions (based on the Variable Neighborhood Descent method) in an ILS approach. Some new neighborhoods are also proposed. Computational tests show that these neighborhoods allowed the proposed ILS approach to obtain better results than those presented in the literature.
Limited accuracy of transtibial aiming for anatomical femoral tunnel positioning in ACL reconstruction
Authors: Mastrokalos Dimitrios , Roustemis Anastasios G. , Koulalis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2025

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common knee injury, and with advancements in knee arthroscopy, ACL reconstruction has become common. Techniques like single-double bundle and femoral tunnel drilling via transtibial or anteromedial portal approaches are available. This study evaluates the accuracy of femoral tunnel placement via these approaches in single-bundle ACL reconstruction. Materials and methods: Forty-three ACL reconstructions using hamstring grafts were analyzed. Initially, femoral tunnels were drilled via the anteromedial portal from 09:30 to 10:00 (14:00 to 14:30 for left knees). Tibial tunnels (mean anteroposterior angle: 63.5°, sagittal: 64.2°) were then created with the same diameter, accompanied by radiological documentation. A femoral aiming device was used to place a K-wire at the center of the femoral tunnel, recorded photographically. Tunnel diameters included 7 mm (20 cases), 7.5 mm (11 cases), 8 mm (7 cases), 8.5 mm (3 cases), and 9 mm (1 case). Two observers evaluated all radiological and photographic data, focusing on the deviation of the transtibial K-wire from the femoral tunnel center. Results: Of 38 evaluated cases, the transtibial K-wire was within the femoral tunnel in 11 cases (28.9%) – 7 cases with 7 mm, 2 cases each with 7.5 mm and 8 mm diameters. In 23 cases (60.5%), the K-wire was at the perimeter or outside the femoral tunnel – 11 cases with 7 mm, 8 with 7.5 mm, 4 with 8 mm, 3 with 8.5 mm, and 1 with 9 mm diameters. Conclusion: Transtibial aiming for anatomical femoral tunnel positioning is challenging. No significant correlation was found between the transtibial deviation and the tibial tunnel diameter.
Vergleich qualitativer Resultate von vier Farbsehtests der Schweizer Luftwaffe
Authors: Mathieu Yannic , Roy Sylvain , von Wattenwyl Robert , Theiler Lorenz , Bron Denis 
Published: February 2025

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUm das Farbsehen von Piloten- und Fluglotsenanwärtern zu testen, verwendet die Schweizer Luftwaffe 4 von der Europäischen Agentur für Flugsicherheit (EASA) zugelassene Farbsehtests: die pseudoisochromatischen Ishiharaplatten, den Spectrolux Lampentest, das Heidelberger Multicolor Anomaloskop und den Color Assessment and Diagnosis Test. Durch diverse Studien ist bekannt, dass diese Tests nicht immer einheitliche Ergebnisse liefern. Daher ist es wichtig, auch etablierte Farbsehtestverfahren kritisch zu hinterfragen. Denn von der Zuverlässigkeit dieser Farbsehtests hängen nicht nur viele individuelle Berufskarrieren ab, vielmehr haben die Resultate weitreichende flugsicherheitsrelevante Auswirkungen. Ziel dieser Studie ist es daher, das etablierte Farbsehtestverfahren der Schweizer Luftwaffe auf die Anforderungen der EASA zu überprüfen. Werden Fluglotsenanwärter zuverlässig als normale Trichromaten und Pilotenanwärter verlässlich als farbsicher identifiziert, wie es die EASA fordert?
Nicht nur schüchtern: Was Pädiater über Selektiven Mutimus wissen
sollten
Authors: Gensthaler Angelika , Röse Carolin 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDer Selektive Mutismus (SM) ist eine Angsterkrankung, die etwa 1 % aller Kinder betrifft; mehrsprachige
Kinder erkranken mit einer Prävalenz von 2–3 % noch häufiger. Etwa 30–50 % der Betroffenen zeigen
Sprachentwicklungsauffälligkeiten. Kernsymptom ist ein situationsspezifisches Unvermögen zu sprechen,
während die Kinder in anderen Situationen ihre Sprachkompetenz weitgehend ungehemmt zeigen. Mutistisches
Verhalten wird oft von einer psychomotorischen Gehemmtheit, bis hin zu Freezing-Phänomenen, begleitet.
Der SM beginnt in der Regel mit 2–4 Jahren, fällt aber oft erst nach Eintritt in Kindergarten oder Schule
auf. Aufgrund der starken Tendenz zur Chronifizierung, der schweren psychosozialen und
schulisch-beruflichen Funktionseinschränkungen und der mit steigendem Alter zunehmenden
Behandlungsresistenz sind ein pädiatrisches Screening im Kindergartenalter und sofortige diagnostische
und ggf. therapeutische Maßnahmen für die Prognose entscheidend.
Problematische Mediennutzung in der Adoleszenz – Dark Patterns und mediale
Bindungsfaktoren
Authors: Wiedemann Hanna , Busch Katharina , Thomasius Rainer , Paschke Kerstin 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDigitale-Medien-Nutzungsstörungen (DMNS) im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen in der heutigen
mediatisierten Gesellschaft, insbesondere nach der COVID-19-Pandemie, ein ernstzunehmendes
Gesundheitsproblem dar. In der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von DMNS bestehen viele Parallelen zu
Substanzgebrauchsstörungen. Neben individuellen und sozialen Risikofaktoren rückt zunehmend auch die
Rolle von suchtfördernden Mechanismen in digitalen Medien in der Entstehung von DMNS in den öffentlichen
Diskurs. Mit dem Ziel Nutzungsintensität und –frequenz zu erhöhen, bedienen sich Plattform- und
Spieleanbieter manipulativer Designelemente zur Verstärkung der Nutzungsbindung, die Jugendlichen ein
selbstbestimmtes Nutzungsverhalten erschweren. In dieser narrativen Übersicht wird neben einer kurzen
Übersicht zu Epidemiologie und Diagnostik der DMNS schwerpunktmäßig auf die Rolle von sog. Dark
Patterns in digitalen Medien in der Suchtentstehung eingegangen sowie Implikationen für die
Suchtprävention diskutiert.
Schulabsentismus und psychische Erkrankungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Reissner Volker , Fabis Lisa , Bowi Ulrike , Asceric Senka , Knollmann Martin 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDer Begriff „Schulabsentismus“ beschreibt das Fernbleiben aus der Schule unabhängig von einem entsprechenden Grund. Die spezifische Klassifikation des Schulabsentismus kann nach Dauer der Fehlzeiten, nach Symptomatik/Verhalten im Rahmen des Absentismus, nach Schulrecht oder nach Art des Vermeidungsverhaltens eingeteilt werden. Das „Multi-tiered, multi-domain system of supports“ (MT-MDSS) repräsentiert ein praktisches Rahmenmodell für Diagnostik und Interventionen. Präventive, schulweite Maßnahmen sind bei leichtgradigem Absentismus indiziert. Individuelle schulische und psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutische Maßnahmen kommen bei mittelgradigem Ausmaß der Fehlzeiten und gleichzeitiger psychischen Störungen zur Anwendung. Schwergradiger, chronischer Schulabsentismus der zusätzlich mit Multi-problemlagen einhergeht, benötigt koordinierte Interventionen in einem Netzwerk aus verschiedenen Institutionen. Die Prognose von mit einer psychischen Störung einhergehendem Schulabsentismus stellt sich in Hinblick auf die psychische Belastung sowie die Schulreintegration als gut dar.
Outcomes after Acute Perilunate Injuries: A Single-Center Experience Over 30 Years
Authors: Mitchell Eric C. , Kadar Assaf , Chambers Spencer , Grewal Ruby 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Perilunate fracture-dislocations represent a spectrum of devastating wrist injuries. They typically involve high-energy mechanisms, occur in young patients and are relatively uncommon. Our current knowledge on this rare wrist pathology is limited as most studies involve small retrospective case series and limited follow-up.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the functional, radiographic, and patient reported outcomes after perilunate injuries and evaluate surgical practice trends over time.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review identified 123 patients who had open reduction and internal fixation of an acute perilunate injury at a single academic centre over a 30-year study period. Post-operative functional, patient-reported, and radiographic outcomes were assessed. The association of various surgical and injury-related variables on outcomes was examined using independent t-tests and ANOVA testing, with post-hoc analysis. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results Fourty-seven patients participated with a mean follow-up of 14 years. All patients underwent urgent or semi-urgent operative intervention with a dorsal or combined approach. At final follow-up, mean patient-rated wrist evaluation score was 24.2, visual analogue scale pain score was 2.4, flexion-extension arc was 56% of the contralateral side and grip strength was 76%. Patients who underwent re-operation or injured their dominant hand had worse outcomes. Only 9% of patients were unable to return to their same job or a similar job as a result of their injury.
Conclusions Overall, patients retain a relatively high level of function and report low pain scores long-term after perilunate injuries. Multi-centre, prospective studies are required going forward.
Free Triiodothyronine Concentrations and Gestational Diabetes
Mellitus: Unveiling the Correlation and Implications
Authors: Zha Hongying , Li Shasha , Sun Lu , Yu Lin , Yuan Qingxin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThyroid disease and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are frequent
complications during pregnancy. We observed the relationship between thyroid
indicators and blood glucose to analyze whether thyroid function is associated
with the development of GDM. We enrolled a total of 575 pregnant women diagnosed
with GDM and 573 pregnant women without GDM. The correlation between thyroid
indicators and blood glucose levels was established through correlation
analysis. In addition, stratified analysis and restricted cubic spline curves
were employed to describe the association between thyroid indicators and the
incidence of GDM. We found no significant difference in urine iodine levels
between the GDM and non-GDM groups throughout the second trimester. The levels
of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and both fasting blood glucose and post-load
blood glucose showed a robust positive connection. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), on the other hand, showed a weakly positive
connection with these glucose values. A nonlinear correlation between FT3 and
the risk of GDM was also found (pNonlinear=0.0007, p<0.0001). Particularly,
those in the top quartile of FT3 had a 6.99-fold greater risk than those in the
lowest. Notably, FT3 levels below 4.04 pmol/l were linked to a decreased chance
of developing GDM, but levels over 4.04 pmol/l were linked to a greater risk.
Our study successfully established the correlation between thyroid indicators
and the risk of GDM. Notably, we discovered a non-linear association between FT3
levels and GDM. The study suggests that ensuring optimal thyroid function during
pregnancy may decrease the likelihood of developing GDM.
Unspezifische Effekte in der Physiotherapie
Authors: Luomajoki Hannu , Schwertfellner Christoph 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Moderne Physiotherapie ist im besten Fall evidenzbasiert und orientiert sich an den Bedürfnissen der
Patient*innen. Neben der Fachkompetenz der Therapeut*innen tragen sogenannte Kontextfaktoren zum
Behandlungserfolg bei.
Measuring social media customer engagement with brands based on information entropy: an application case of luxury brand
Authors: Xiao Siwei , Chen Xiaoyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Customer engagement (CE) within social media has emerged as a focal point in marketing research due to its significant impact on brand and firm-related outcomes. However, effective measurement methodologies for CE behaviours remain underexplored in this context. Building upon the existing concept of CE behaviour proposed by Brodie et al. (J Serv Res 14(3):252–271, 2013), and the CE cycle theory, this paper introduces an operational definition that supports an entropy-based CE behaviour measurement framework, offering a nuanced reflection of social media dynamics. The proposed measurement approach, among the initial attempts to integrate the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) weighting method into brand marketing analytics, ensures a reliable and rigorous assessment of CE performance with brands. Additionally, a range of analytical methods, including regression modelling using dummy variables, sentiment analysis, and hierarchical clustering algorithm, were synthesized to assist the objective evaluation of brands’ impacts on CE behaviour outcomes. A peer group of six luxury brands were chosen to analyse their impacts on engagement performance independently. Key findings from this application demonstrate the approach’s ability to compare the engagement performance of different brands, offering a significant tool to differentiate engagement behaviour levels while providing actionable insights for brand marketing initiatives.
Keeping political science relevant: an argument for reinvigorating and internationalizing the pedagogy of the US-based civic engagement movement
Authors: Strachan J. Cherie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite the normative origins of our discipline, political scientists often embrace our role as objective scholars, to the point of teaching our students to undertake research without also helping them to become public-spirited citizens. This essay argues that this restrained approach is inadequate to maintain political science’s relevance in an era characterized by heightened partisan polarization, rising authoritarianism, and democratic backsliding. To help our students sustain democratic systems of government going forward, political scientists must not only recognize our normative roots, but must also extend our normative agenda to a reinvigorated civic engagement pedagogy that is timely, intersectional, and internationalized. In short, how and what we teach our students is the key to our discipline’s relevance in difficult political times.
Effect of foliar application of lithium on biofortification, physiological components, and production of irrigated rice
Authors: Ramos Danilo Pereira , Chan Guillermo Arturo Herrera , de Souza Wanessa Rocha , Silva Dayara Vieira , Rodrigues Larissa Urzêdo , Fernandes Patrícia Sumara Moreira , Cavazzini Paulo Henrique , Dias Danyllo Santos , Martinez Roberto Antonio Savelli , da Silva Damiana Beatriz , Guarda Patrícia Martins , Guarda Emerson Adriano , Nascimento Vitor L. , Sarmento Renato de Almeida , Fidelis Rodrigo Ribeiro 
Published: February 2025

Context Lithium (Li) is an essential trace element for human health. Although the biofortification of rice (Oryza sativa) with Li is a promising strategy to overcome its deficiency, little is known about its biological activity in plants. Aims We determined the effect of sources and doses of Li applied via the leaves on the biofortification, physiological components, and production of irrigated rice. Methods The experimental design consisted of randomised blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The factors consisted of five doses of Li (0, 50, 100 150, and 200 g ha−1) and three sources (lithium sulfate, Li2SO4·H2O; lithium hydroxide, LiOH·H2O; and lithium chloride, LiCl). Key results Regardless of the source used, foliar application of Li allowed bioaccumulation in rice grains without influencing the development and grain yield of the crop. Supplying Li to rice plants in the form of Li2SO4·H2O increased the photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency. Moreover, regardless of the source used, the consumption of rice grains biofortified with Li at a dose of 200 g ha−1 can supply more than 50% of the minimum recommended daily intake of the element. Conclusions Foliar spraying of Li is effective for agronomic biofortification of rice. Implications Biofortification of rice with Li can contribute to reducing its deficiency in naturally poor regions.
Multiple sexual partners and condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in southern China: investigating the role of receiving HIV serostatus disclosure from partners before sex
Authors: Mo Jinli , Tian Weiyi , Wang Min , Zhang Yun , Liang Yinxia , Peng Hongbin , Luo Xia , Huang Haimei , Tan Sumin , Zhu Jiawen , Cen Ping , Lan Guanghua , Wang Hao , Jiang Li , Ning Chuanyi 
Published: February 2025

Background The impact of receiving HIV serostatus disclosure from partners before sex on number of sexual partners and condomless anal intercourse (CAI) among men who have sex with men (MSM) remains unclear. We aimed to determine the association between receiving this disclosure and engaging in risky sexual behaviors and its impact on HIV incidence rates. Methods HIV-negative MSM were followed with questionnaires every 3 months for 12 months. Generalized estimation equations models were used to assessed the factors associated with receiving serostatus disclosure and its impact on multiple sexual partners and CAI. Results Of the 363 participants, those tested for HIV in the past 3 months were more likely to receive serostatus disclosure than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.145, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.109–4.691, P < 0.001). Receiving disclosure from all partners in the past 3 months was linked to fewer sexual partners (aOR = 0.468, 95% CI: 0.347–0.632, P < 0.001). However, receiving this disclosure from all partners was not associated with engaging in CAI with any one partner (OR = 1.128, 95% CI: 0.876–1.453, P = 0.351). Subgroup analysis revealed that MSM with casual partners who received serostatus disclosure were more likely to engage in CAI (aOR = 1.646, 95% CI: 1.06–2.556, P = 0.027). Conclusions HIV testing promotes serostatus disclosure and disclosure of HIV serostatus correlated with fewer sexual partners. However, among MSM with casual partners, disclosure was associated with a higher likelihood of CAI. These findings encourage regular HIV testing and HIV serostatus disclosure.