bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM FOR CANCELING POWER-LINE INTERFERENCE IN BIOPOTENTIAL MEASUREMENT
Authors: LIU YUN-LI , CHANG NIN-CHUN , HSU SHENG-FENG , LIN DONG-LONG , LIN YUE-DER 
Published: December 2008

Biopotential measurements are very important in clinical diagnosis. However, the signal amplitude of biopotenials is very small and there usually exists stray capacitance between the electrode leads (or the human body) and the power lines, biopotential measurements are easily contaminated by 60-Hz (or 50-Hz) power-line interference. Analog or digital notch filter has been the most popular technique used for power-line interference removal. However, the notch filter performs well only when the power frequency is kept exactly at the stop band of the notch filter. The adaptive filtering technique provides another promising approach, yet there needs another reference channel for interference recording. The price of signal measurement is thus increased. The authors present a simple LMS-style algorithm for canceling the power-line interference in biopotential measurement. No reference channel is needed for adaptive filtration in this proposed algorithm. Compared with another technique serving for the same purpose, the proposed algorithm can remove practical power-line interference more effectively, and can be a post-acquisition processing remedy for biosignals having corrupted by power-line interference.
TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF MONTMORILLONITE AS A DRUG CARRIER FOR PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS: YEAST AND RATS MODEL
Authors: LEE YUAN-HAUN , KUO TZONG-FU , CHEN BOR-YANN , FENG YI-KAI , WEN YU- REN , LIN WU-CHING , LIN F. H. 
Published: December 2008

Our previous study indicated that montmorillonite (MMT for short) was pharmaceutically feasible to be used as a carrier of an anticancer drug 5-FU. Emphasis of this study is thus placed on the toxicity of MMT to address whether it is clinically safe for practical use. Hematological data of rats model showed that the rats administered with oral MMT had significant increases in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, Hamatocrit and RBC count than those of oral PBS buffer (p<0.05). However, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC Count and WBC were not statistically significant different between experimental and control group (p>0.05). Hematological analysis for intravenous injection also showed no statistically significant differences between experimental and control group (p>0.05). Biochemical analysis pointed out that compared to oral PBS there was not only a significant decrease of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) ion (p<0.05) in plasma for oral MMT, but also an extremely significant decrease in the plasma calcium (Ca2+)(p<0.01). On the other hand, after intravenous injection of MMT compared to control group, a significant increase (p<0.05) in ALT (SGPT), and an extremely significant decease (p<0.01) in plasma potassium (K+) were observed. It is deserved to mention here that histochemical examinations were all normal, suggesting that montmorillonite may be considered non-toxic. Regarding histopathological sections of rats, there were all in normal ranges irrespective of experimental or control group. For bacterial model, a generally considered safe and non-pathological microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as the model yeast to be administrated with various extracellular doses of MMT, montmorillonite-K6Fe(CN)3 (MMTK), or montmorillonite-K6Fe(CN)3-sodium alginate (MMTK-SA) for toxicological assessments. Dose-response analysis indicated that the toxicity ranking as Lannate ≫ MMTK > MMTK-SA ≫ MMT-SA > MMT according to EC0 or EC50 line. These all suggested that MMT alone is much less toxic than Lannate and potassium hexacyanoferrate(III). Apparently, it was concluded that MMT alone could be considered non-toxic to S. cerevisiae and Wistar rat for myriads of applications.
F-VEP AND ALPHA-SUPPRESSED EEG-PHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF INNER-LIGHT PERCEPTION DURING ZEN MEDITATION
Authors: CHANG KANG-MING , LO PEI-CHEN 
Published: December 2008

This paper firstly reports the visual response to the inner light (a form of qi) and the outside stimulus during Zen meditation. It has been reported literally that inner light perception is the common experience for prayers or Zen-meditation practitioners. In this paper, we propose a method to quantify the EEG (electroencephalograph) and F-VEP (flash visual evoked potential) that characterize this experience. Based on wavelet analysis, we derived a set of parameters that effectively signify the alpha-suppressed EEG pattern. Furthermore, this paper presents our new results of analyzing the F-VEP data, mainly the peak amplitude. The observation of little variation in amplitude during Zen meditation reflects a more stable visual perceptive system during Zen meditation that is contrary to the visual response of the control subjects under eye-closed relaxation.
EFFECT OF CALCIUM ION CONCENTRATION ON KERATINOCYTE BEHAVIORS IN THE DEFINED MEDIA
Authors: HUANG YI-CHAU , WANG TZU-WEI , SUN JUI-SHENG , LIN FENG-HUEI 
Published: December 2008

Calcium ion concentration is proposed to be involved in the regulation of the proliferative capacity of keratinocytes, based on its significant actions in the skin. These actions are mediated by Ca2+ influx and inhibition of cell proliferation. To define Ca2+ action in the keratinocyte we investigated its effects on the proliferation and differentiation using the primary keratinocytes model. Primary keratinocytes were incubated in DMEM (containing 1.2mM calcium ion concentration) or DK11 medium (containing 0.4 mM calcium ion concentration) or K medium (containing 0.03mM calcium ion concentration). Cell viability was assessed with the MTT assay. Crystal violet assay was evaluated the proliferation rate and colony formation size of keratinocyte. Real-time PCR used to determine the terminal differentiated keratinocyte which expressed Caspase-14. Proliferation assays and real°Vtime PCR were correlated with either proliferation or differentiation in cultured human skin epidermal keratinocytes. High Ca2+ concentration was inhibited the cell viability and proliferation rate of keratinocyte. Ca2+ also increased caspases-14 expression, and inhibited cell viability, and cell colony forming efficiency. These results are consistent with Ca2+ induction of the keratinocyte differentiation. Thus, the overall Ca2+ actions connote protective functions for the epidermis that appear to include the triggering or acceleration of the differentiation.
WHEEZE RECOGNITION BASED ON 2D BILATERAL FILTERING OF SPECTROGRAM
Authors: LIN BOR-SHING , LIN BOR-SHYH , WU HUEY-DONG , CHONG FOK-CHING , CHEN SAO-JIE 
Published: December 2008

This paper describes the design of a low-cost and high performance wheeze recognition system. First, respiratory sounds are captured, amplified and filtered by an analog circuit; then digitized through a PC soundcard, and recorded in accordance with the Computerized Respiratory Sound Analysis (CORSA) standards. Since the proposed wheeze detection algorithm is based on the spectrogram processing of respiratory sounds, spectrograms generated from recorded sounds have to pass through a 2D bilateral filter for edge-preserving smoothing. Finally, the processed spectra go through an edge detection procedure to recognize wheeze sounds.Experiment results show a high sensitivity of 0.967 and a specificity of 0.909 in qualitative analysis of wheeze recognition. Due to its high efficiency, great performance and easy-to-implement features, this wheeze recognition system could be of interest in the clinical monitoring of asthma patients and the study of physiological mechanisms in the respiratory airways.
BOSENTAN, A NON-SPECIFIC ENDOTHELIN ANTAGONIST, STIMULATES FRACTURE HEALING
Authors: Muratli Hasan H. , Korkusuz Feza , Korkusuz Petek , Bicimoglu Ali , Sevim Ercan Z. 
Published: December 2008

It is assumed that bosentan, a non-selective ET-1 receptor antagonist, will enhance fracture healing. The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to investigate the effects of transcutaneous bosentan administration into diaphyseal bone fractures using radiology, histology, prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and leukotrien C4(LTC4) activity measurements.A closed diaphyseal fracture was created in the hind limbs following intramedullary rod fixation of Guinea pigs. Bosentan was administred by repetitive weekly 0.1 μg transcutaneous injections into the fracture site. The effects of bosentan were evaluated by radiology and histology on weeks 1, 2 and 4, whereas prostaglandin E2(PGE2)-like and leukotrien C4(LTC4)-like activity was assessed on weeks 1 and 2.The radiological degree of union (p = 0.001) at the fracture site and cortex-callus ratio (p = 0.02) was significantly better in the bosentan administered site at week 1 when compared to the control. Histology presented an initial stimulation of bone formation on weeks 1 and 2 in the experimental group. PGE2-like activity was significantly higher (p = 0.002) on week 1 and 2 in the bosentan-administered side. LTC4-like activity remained constant on week one and decreased on week two.Transcutaneous repetitive bosentan administration into the fracture site initially stimulated periosteal bone healing that resulted with extracellular matrix mineralization. The inflammatory mediators PGE2/LTC4played a significant role in this process.
STRAIN ANALYSIS OF PARS INTERARTICULARIS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN THE SPONDYLOLYSIS REHABILITATION STRATEGIES
Authors: Kuo Ya-Wen , Wang Jaw-Lin 
Published: December 2008

The rehabilitation and exercise strategy for spondylolysis is controversial. Both lordotic and anti-lordotic braces, and both flexion and extension oriented motions were advised for spondylolysis rehabilitation. However, the biomechanical outcomes of the two strategies were less understood. The objective of current study is to evaluate the effect of postural sway on the strain of pars interarticularis, and to find the mechanical mechanism of lordotic and anti-lordotic rehabilitation strategies for spondylolysis.Two-motion-segment porcine cervical spine model (C3-C5, C6-T1) was used to simulate human lumbar spine. The loadings induced by anterior, neutral, posterior, anterolateral, lateral and posterolateral sways were simulated by applying vertical eccentric pointed loadings. Two uni-axial strain gages were applied on the dorsal surface of bilateral pars interarticularis of middle vertebrae. It was revealed that the pars strains induced by posterior, lateral, posterolateral sways were significantly greater than those induced by anterior, neutral and anterolateral sways. The ipsilateral pars strains were higher than the contralateral pars strains during lateral and posterolateral sways. However, pars strains of ipsilateral and contralateral side were similar during anterolateral sway. These results proved that the postural sway affects the strain of pars interarticularis. The anti-lordotic braces and exercise are likely to reduce the strain of pars interarticularis.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PARALLEL SURGICAL ROBOT WITH AUTOMATIC BONE DRILLING CARRIAGE FOR STEREOTACTIC NEUROSURGERY
Authors: Tsai Tzung-Cheng , Hsu Yeh-Liang 
Published: December 2008

Robot-assisted surgery is an active interdisciplinary field. Conventional surgical robots are mostly serial architectures, which have the advantages of large workspace, high dexterity and maneuverability. The disadvantages are low stiffness and poor positioning accuracy compared to the parallel structure robots. This paper presents the development of a parallel surgical robot for precise skull drilling in stereotactic neurosurgical operations. The dimensions of this robot are 35 × 35 × 45 cm 3, and its weight is about 6 kg. This surgical robot has 6° of freedom. The feed carriage of the bone drilling device mounted the parallel surgical robot provides one additional translational degree of freedom. A master-slave microcontroller-based system is designed for pose control. In applications for neurosurgical operation, the workspace is on the surface of a skull located at one side of the robot. This work analyzed asymmetric workspace on the surface of a sphere representing the skull. A special socket joint design that enlarges the asymmetric workspace of the robot for about 30% is also proposed. This parallel surgical robot has been integrated with an automatic bone drilling carriage developed in our previous work to achieve completely automatic bone drilling.
Cerebral autoregulation in patients with acute lacunar infarction: a reliable predictor of outcome
Authors: Si Xiang‐Kun , Xue Song , Zhou Xin , Guo Ya‐Nan , Du Wen‐Yu , Qu Yang , Sun Xin , Guo Zhen‐Ni 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo further investigate the association between dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) and the outcomes in patients with acute lacunar infarction.MethodsPatients were prospectively and consecutively enrolled at The First Hospital of Jilin University between 2016 and 2023. dCA was monitored at 1–3 and 7–10 days after the stroke. The outcomes were evaluated using a 3‐month modified Rankin Scale score. Binary and ordered logistic regression were employed to analyze the relationship between dCA parameters and outcomes. dCA‐based nomogram models were also developed to assess the predictive value of dCA for these patients.ResultsOverall, 332 patients were included in analysis. dCA showed no significant differences between bilateral cerebral hemispheres, as well as two measurement time points (all P > 0.05). Regression analyses showed that dCA at 1–3 and 7–10 days were independently associated with the outcomes of patients with acute lacunar infarction after adjusting for confounders (all P < 0.05). Incorporating dCA parameters into conventional risk factors enhanced the risk‐predictive ability of a 3‐month unfavorable outcome, significantly improving the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.798(95% confidence interval [CI], 0.748‐0.848) to 0.829(95% CI, 0.783‐0.875) (P = 0.046).InterpretationdCA remained consistent in bilateral cerebral hemispheres within acute and subacute periods among patients with lacunar infarction. It was independently associated with 3‐month outcomes and could be regarded as a reliable predictor for discriminating outcome.
Optogenetics and Its Application in Nervous System Diseases
Authors: Mei Guocheng , Pan Huiqiong , Xu Hang , Chen Kepei , Zheng Weihong , Xu Hualin , Chen Yuetong , Lin Wei , Yang Jie , Lin Zhenlang , Liu Zhiming , Zhang Min 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOptogenetics is an emerging technology that uses the light‐responsive effects of photosensitive proteins to regulate the function of specific cells. This technique combines genetics with optics, allowing for the precise inhibition or activation of cell functions through the introduction of photosensitive proteins into target cells and subsequent light stimulation to activate these proteins. In recent years, numerous basic and clinical studies have demonstrated the unique advantages of this approach in the research and treatment of neurological disorders. This review aims to introduce the fundamental principles and techniques of optogenetics, as well as its applications in the research and treatment of neurological diseases.
Electro‐Driven Surface‐Plus PtIr Nanocatalyst Degradation and Ion Channel Activation for Enhanced Tumor Dynamic Metal‐ion Therapy with Minimal Toxicity
Authors: Qu Chang , Shao Xinyue , Jia Ran , Zhao Xiaoling , Wang Binghao , Zhang Xian , Wang Jinping , An Hailong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractElectrodynamic therapy (EDT), with its unique advantages, has demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in tumor treatment. However, its efficiency is often limited by the low concentration of chloride ions (Cl⁻) within tumor cells, and the non‐degradability of the noble metal nanomaterials necessarily used in this strategy gives rise to safety concerns. Here, we identify voltage‐gated chloride channels (CLC‐7) as a potential chloride‐regulation target in melanoma and report an enhanced electro‐driven dynamic therapy strategy utilizing surface‐enhanced PtIr@M nanocatalysts to address above challenges. Under an alternating electric field (AEF), the activation of CLC‐7 channel promotes a massive influx of Cl⁻ from the extracellular side and enhances the catalysis of water dissociation on PtIr@M nanocatalysts to generate toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Moreover, PtIr@M with large surface area provides abundant exposed active sites that facilitate electro‐driven self‐dissociation and followed release of metal Pt ions, thereby inducing the DNA damage. More importantly, this electrically controlled degradation also effectively minimizes the toxicity associated with heavy metal accumulation. It is believed that this electro‐propelled ·OH and Pt ions generation for synergetic tumor therapy based on surface‐plus PtIr nanocatalyst represents a promising therapeutic strategy characterized by high‐efficiency and biodegradability.
A Transition‐Metal‐Based Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Coupling Glucose Upgrade with Nitrate Reduction
Authors: Lu Kang , Shen Yi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe integration of glucose oxidation reaction (GOR) and nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) in an electrolyzer affords a sustainable approach to produce high value‐added products and remove nitrate pollutants. Herein, a 3D hierarchical architecture consisting of defect‐rich copper–cobalt nanosheets immobilized by a cobalt phosphide‐modified nickel foam (D‐CuCo/CoP/NF) is rationally designed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for GOR and NO3−RR. The resulting self‐standing electrode displayed remarkable GOR activity. Only 1.29 V vs. RHE is required to yield a current density of 100 mA cm−2. Glucose is efficiently converted into formate with a selectivity value of 93.4% and Faraday efficiency (FE) of 90.3%. The as‐prepared D‐CuCo/CoP/NF is also capable of transforming nitrates into valuable ammonia, leading to an FE value of 96.9% and a yield rate of 802.9 µmol cm−2 h−1. Such performance of D‐CuCo/CoP/NF renders it the best bifunctional electrocatalysts for GOR and NO3−RR. Mechanistic studies revealed that the defects in the catalyst greatly facilitated the adsorption of glucose and that both Cu(OH)2 and Co3+‐O/Co4+‐O species served as the active sites for the reaction. A GOR||NO3−RR hybrid flow cell is constructed using D‐CuCo/CoP/NF as a bifunctional electrode, resulting in a current density of 100 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 1.35 V.
Boron Phosphates In Situ Generated From Bilayer Coating Approach for Flame‐Retardant Applications
Authors: Ai Yuanfang , Chen Weixi , Wu Xi , Zheng Na , Tang Longcheng , Wang Dongqi , Tang Huang , Cao Kun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntumescent flame‐retardant coatings offer excellent passive fire protection for flammable materials and steel. However, a key challenge is the conflict between increased melt viscosity from additive catalyst and chemical foaming behavior. Herein, “interfacial autocatalytic” strategy‐guided design of a double dopant‐free epoxy coating is reported with a 100 µm boron‐rich upper layer and a 300 µm phosphorus‐rich bottom layer. This coating generates BPO4 catalyst in situ at the interface during combustion, synergistically catalyzing charcoal formation with the expansion process. BPO4, with its better lattice arrangement, is able to form a dense ceramic layer of 5.5 µm ceramic layer from a stack of 10–40 nm nanoparticles, encapsulating an underlying 1.8 cm intumescent char layer. The coating demonstrates the superior thermal insulation with the heat‐resistant time for up to 50 min, a 271% delay in ignition time, an ultra‐low fire growth rate with 58% reduction, and a 33% reduction in total heat release. In addition to high transparency, this coating presents easy self‐healing, good mechanical properties, and water resistance. This autocatalytic strategy in a confined space‐time introduces a new method for enhancing catalytic charring flame retardancy.
Undifferentiated Human Amniotic Fluid Progenitor Cells Promote Bone Regeneration in Vivo
Authors: Vallmajo‐Martin Queralt , Kiveliö Anna‐Sofia , Metzger Stéphanie , Milleret Vincent , Lienemann Philipp S. , Carrara Bianca M. , Millan Christopher , Ghayor Chafik , Ochsenbein‐Koelble Nicole , Ehrbar Martin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe treatment of large bone defects requires bone tissue substitutes. However, the lack of accessible autologous bone, especially in newborns with spina bifida or cleft palate conditions, severely limits therapeutic options involving bone grafts. Here, an engineering approach to reconstruct bone is presented by combining human amniocentesis‐derived amniotic fluid progenitor cells (hAFCs) and a biomimetic, injectable, and fully synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel that is crosslinked enzymatically by transglutaminase FXIII (TG‐PEG). hAFCs are isolated by their colony‐forming capacity, expanded in vitro, and undergo osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic differentiation under appropriate stimulation. When encapsulated in TG‐PEG hydrogels, hAFCs rapidly deposit endogenous extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro. hAFC‐laden TG‐PEG hydrogels containing low concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐2) promote formation of ectopic bone organoids in vivo in a murine model without requiring prior in vitro differentiation. Strikingly, hAFC‐induced constructs form as much bone in this model as adult bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (hBMSCs), and significantly more than adipose‐derived stromal cells (hASCs). Utilization of autologous hAFCs embedded in TG‐PEG hydrogels presents a promising therapeutic strategy for bone replacement, particularly in fetuses and newborns where limited stem cell availability can be overcome through minimally invasive harvest of amniotic fluid.
An Integrated Modular Vaccination System for Spatiotemporally Separated Perioperative Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Gao Feiyan , Liu Xinlong , Ma Zhongyi , Tang Mei , Tang Zhongjie , Wu Jin , Luo Min , Tang Yaqin , Wang Xiaoyou , Wang Bochu , Kim Betty Y.S. , Yang Zhaogang , Jiang Wen , Tang Peng , Li Chong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe perioperative period is crucial for determining postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis. Various factors in postoperative lesions can diminish the therapeutic effect of conventional chemoradiotherapy, while emerging immunotherapy is restricted. The combination use of inflammatory inhibitors during treatment is also controversial. Here, a modular microneedle prepared from engineered keratin proteins is reported, which spatially and temporally differentiates the microenvironment of immune cell activation required for immunotherapy from that of wound healing. The recombinant keratin‐84‐T‐based needle root layer, mainly retained in the epidermis, facilitated dendritic cell recruitment to achieve maximum antigen presentation of loaded vaccines. Meanwhile, the recombinant keratin‐81‐1Aα‐based needle tip layer, located within the dermis, rapidly mitigated inflammatory responses while promoting tissue repair and regeneration. Unlike simply mixing immunotherapy and wound treatment, this spatiotemporal segmentation approach maximized the efficacy of immune therapeutics while promoting wound healing, making it suitable for application throughout the perioperative period.