bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dependency of diversity-productivity relationships on ecotypes of the dominant species across a precipitation gradient
Authors: Gibson David , Barfknecht David F. , Baer Sara G. , Galliart Matthew , Ren Zhe , Sytsma Jack , Johnson Loretta C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Locally dominant and highly productive species affect diversity through competitive interactions with subordinate species. The relationship between diversity and productivity is commonly unimodal and referred to as the ‘humped-back model’ (HBM). The effect of local adaptation in dominant species on occurrence of the HBM is unknown, particularly among the different aspects of diversity. A reciprocal transplant experiment established across a precipitation gradient in the U.S. Great Plains was used to investigate the effect of variation among ecotypes of the dominant prairie grasses Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass) on expression of the HBM. The information from taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity metrics on diversity–productivity relationships was compared. The HBM was most common for taxonomic diversity (57% of tests), and when locally sourced (compared with distantly sourced) ecotypes were established in the transplant experiment, reflecting a home-site advantage (local adaptation), especially at the extreme ends of the precipitation gradient. Phylogenetic and functional trait diversity exhibited a less frequent humped-back relationship with productivity (26% and 13%, respectively). The HBM has value in providing insights into diversity-productivity relationships in grasslands restored with different ecotypes of a foundation species but is contingent on local environmental conditions and the ecotype of the dominant grass.
Post-COVID-19 Manifestations Among College Students: Shedding the Light on Young Adults’ Health
Authors: Alkhormani Areej Abed , Alghamdi Reema Abdullah , Damdam Yara Abdulaziz , Almaghrabi Maria Eissa , Alamri Faisal F. , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Hakami Alqassem Y. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Post-COVID-19 syndrome refers to a variety of symptoms that affect different organs in the body and can persist 28 days following exposure to COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that COVID-19 affects not only elderly individuals but also young adults. However, the influence of post-COVID-19 syndrome on young adults has not been studied sufficiently. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of post-COVID-19 manifestations in young adults.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional online questionnaire was distributed from July 2022 to July 2023 to health sciences students in Saudi Arabia. The study used a non-probability convenience sampling technique, and the sample size was calculated to be 464. The survey included questions about the participants’ demographics, health records, COVID-19 results, duration of infection, and previous and current COVID-19 symptoms. Illness severity and management were evaluated using the COVID Experiences (COVEX) Symptoms and Diagnoses module, and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression.
Results: According to the inclusion criteria, 428 participants were divided into three groups: those who fully recovered within 14 days of the acute phase (76.4%), those with prolonged symptoms that resolved within 28 days (16.8%), and those with persistent symptoms for more than 28 days (6.8%). The symptom development frequency during the acute phase significantly differed among the three groups: headache (p=0.038), loss of smell and taste (p=<0.001), and fatigue (p=0.009). The symptoms that significantly differed between the prolonged group and persistent group during the post-COVID-19 syndrome phase were loss of smell and taste (p=<0.001) and shortness of breath (p=<0.001). The study results revealed that females are susceptible to long-COVID-19. This study revealed that the overall severity of post-COVID-19 symptoms was mild in this age group. The PHQ-9 score when comparing the three groups showed a significant association with depression (p=0.035).
Conclusion: The study results support the perception that not only can the geriatric population suffer from post-COVID-19 syndrome but also that young adults are prone to persistent symptoms such as loss of smell and taste, which may affect their mental health status.
Stability analysis of T-S fuzzy state-dependent impulsive nonlinear systems via an extended functional-based approach
Authors: Chang Fei , Li Chuandong , Zhou Yinghua , Hao Deng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the authors propose an extended functional-based approach and construct two new extended functionals to investigate the stability of T-S fuzzy state-dependent impulsive system (TSFSIS). Firstly, the conversion of a nonlinear system characterized by state-dependent impulsive inputs is accomplished by employing the B-equivalence method, resulting in fixed-time impulsive system (FIS). Following this, a novel extended functional-based approach that relies on bilateral looped functional (BLF) and Lyapunov function is proposed. In contrast to conventional methods, the extended functionals not only alleviate the constraints on positivity of the Lyapunov function but also encompass a greater wealth of information during impulsive events. By combining the extended functional and some inequalities, sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the asymptotic stability of TSFSIS. The efficacy of these conditions is validated through two numerical examples.
Risk Prioritization and Case Study in the Pharmaceutical Sector with Fine-Kinney, Fuzzy Fine Kinney and Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping Approach
Authors: Tüylü Duygu , Ekşi Selda , Topçu İsmail , Güneri Ali Fuat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The globalizing and shrinking world, technology, and mechanization rates have caused a rapid increase. With increasing mechanization, studies on occupational health and safety and risk analysis are increasing day by day. This process is being closely followed by companies in the pharmaceutical industry, and studies on the subject are increasing. Risk analysis and prevention studies make a significant contribution to reducing occupational accidents and errors. In the studies carried out, it is necessary to know and correctly analyze the sector, the company, the culture, and the employees. After the correct analysis, it is extremely important to determine the most appropriate method for the sector and the company. In this study, the risk situation was analyzed for a pharmaceutical company in the pharmaceutical industry. After Fine-Kinney analysis, a transition to fuzzy Fine-Kinney analysis was made in order to avoid the uncertainty in the method. The analysis performed was to determine the risk, the current situation, and the risk score. After the analysis, the risks identified by the Fuzzy Fine-Kinney method were prioritized using the Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping method. The aim was to show the difference between the two methods by blurring the values obtained in the Fine Kinney analysis and switching to the Fuzzy Fine Kinney method. A recommendation is given for the risks that may occur during the risk prioritization of an application. The aim of the study is to reveal hidden risks in the pharmaceutical industry and to guide future studies.
Response of Endogenous Hormones in Radix Glehniae Seeds to Stratification and Their Relationship with Seed Germination
Authors: Yang LingZhen , Hu Hong Yan , Zhang Suyalatu , Wang De-Xin , Ren Yuan-Yuan , Fu Ming-Hai , Xin Ying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study examines the fluctuations in endogenous hormone levels of Radix Glehniae and their relationship to low-temperature stratification and seed germination. Seeds were germinated with weekly sampling, and endogenous hormone levels (GA3, IAA, ABA, CTK, ETH, Br) were measured using ELISA. Results demonstrated that a six week low-temperature stratification alleviated seed dormancy and improved germination rates. Hormone levels of GA3, IAA, CTK, and Br showed varying trends, while ETH levels increased and decreased, and ABA levels initially rose and then fell. Ratios of GA3/ABA, IAA/ABA, CTK/ABA, ETH/ABA, and Br/ABA peaked after germination. A positive correlation was found between seed germination rates and GA3, IAA, CTK, ETH, Br levels, and various hormone ratios, while a negative correlation was observed with ABA levels. In conclusion, a six-week low-temperature stratification effectively reduces seed dormancy and enhances germination rates. Additionally, ABA levels decrease, and GA3, IAA, CTK, and Br levels increase, promoting germination. Higher hormone ratios help break seed dormancy and improve germination rates.
Sexual Harassment of Women During Medical Internships: Association with Knowledge of Protective Laws in Lima, Peru
Authors: Brandão Gabriela Campos Rosa Antunes , Meira Keyla Rocha , Moreno Anderson N. Soriano 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background: Sexual harassment against women in work and study environments remains highly prevalent today despite the existence of various laws that punish such behavior. This study seeks to understand the mechanisms behind this high prevalence by determining the association between sexual harassment of female medical students and graduates during their hospital internships in Lima, Peru, and their knowledge of laws and preventive measures against sexual harassment. Additionally, it examines the prevalence of sexual harassment and awareness of current regulations.Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among female medical students and graduates of hospital internships at various hospitals in Lima, Peru, between 2022 and 2023. Data were collected through a 43-question survey on sexual harassment and Peruvian Anti-Harassment Law No. 27942 knowledge. Associations were analyzed using the chi-square test, and frequencies and percentages were evaluated.Results: A total of 99 women participated, of whom 81.8% were medical students and 18.2% had already graduated. In the hospital, sexual harassment was reported by 70% of the participants. Among these victims, 57.6% were aged 22 to 25, and 74% held Peruvian nationality. Only 1% of the affected women filed complaints. A total of 67% of the respondents expressed that they would probably have reported incidents of sexual harassment if they had access to information about Law 23733. Among the aggressors, 71% were men, and 39% were teaching staff at hospital internships. The study found no direct association between law knowledge and sexual harassment. However, there was a significant association between lack of knowledge of the law's effects and applicability and sexual harassment.Conclusions: A lack of knowledge about the effects and consequences of noncompliance with the Anti-Harassment Law is associated with more cases of sexual harassment. A high prevalence of sexual harassment above the average reported in previous studies was found. A better propagation of the law is necessary to increase awareness of the subject and possibly decrease the prevalence of sexual harassment in this population.
Development of hydrophobic and monolithic MTES /Water glass Based Silica Aerogels for an efficient organic pollutant adsorption
Authors: yaballoie Davod , Daneshfar Zahra , Shirazi Mohammad Javad Sarraf 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, silica aerogels were synthesized employing a co-precursor approach involving water glass (WG) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) through the sol-gel method, followed by ambient pressure drying as an efficient adsorbent for organic pollutant. The microstructure, hydrophobicity, and adsorption property were studied as a function of the MTES/WG molar ratio. The aerogel achieved commendable characteristics, including a low density of 0.088 g/cm³, a high contact angle of 160°, and an elevated surface area of 636 m²/g, when maintaining a molar ratio of MTES to WG at 3.5. The adsorption intensity of the aerogel towards toluene, n-hexane, crude oil, gasoline, and ethanol was 9.58, 8.4, 10.2, 12, and 14 gr/gr, respectively. Finally, the reproducible absorption feature showed that the aerogel kept its original shape, and adsorption property until the fourth cycle, which can be a promising candidate for crude oil clean-up application.
Bioinformatics based analysis of the underlying comorbidity mechanisms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Min Zhou , Chuanrong Zhu , Xuan Chen , Min Chen , Lianhua Chen , Jinwen Zhao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objective To identify the common key genes and potential comorbidity mechanisms in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) by bioinformatics technology.
Methods The NASH and PBC chip datasets were downloaded from GEO database, common differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) were screened and studied by Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed, hub genes and target miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs) were screened. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of hub genes. Finally, immune infiltration analysisand the relationship between immune cells and hub genes were performed by CIBERSORT algorithm.
Results There were a total of 25 comorbid genes between NASH and PBC. They were mainly involved in cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, granulocyte chemotaxis and migration, inflammatory response and lipid metabolic process. A total of 9 hub genes were screened, among them TNFRSF1A, CXCL2, IL-1RAP were the key comorbid genes, hsa-miR-141-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p were among the key comorbid miRNAs, CEBPA, CEBPB were the key TFs. All these hub genes had good diagnostic value. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that M1 macrophage occupies an important position and positively correlated with CXCL9.
Conclusion Inflammation cytokines, macrophages and inflammatory responses play important roles in the progression of NASH and PBC. The hub genes screened in our study might become diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets, while further basic and clinical studies are needed to validate.
Identification of marophage-related biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by bioinformatic analysis and clinical validation
Authors: Xi Xiangwen , Chen Yu , Qian Zhipeng , Xie Xianwei , Tian Jiangtian , Fu Qiang , Gu Xia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Although reperfusion therapy is widely performed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the residual risk of poor prognosis remains substantial. As important immune cells involved in the body's inflammatory response, macrophages are differentiated from monocytes that have been recruited to tissues, and their polarisation status has a significant impact on the development and prognosis of AMI. There are no recognised macrophage-associated key regulators that play an important role in the development of AMI.
Objective
The study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with macrophages for the early recognition and intervention of AMI.
Methods and results
Three datasets which can be obtained publicly (GSE48060, GSE66360, and GSE97320 datasets) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analysed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using peripheral blood tissue samples from 83 AMI patients and 74 normal individuals. Subsequent WGCNA analysis was performed and 387 genes with the most significant correlations with macrophages were identified. Then, intersecting 192 DEGs with 387 genes from WGCNA, a total of 151 overlapping genes were found. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed to identify the hub genes. Further we recruited 44 individuals and colleted blood samples to validate the stability and reliability of the predicted hub tragets toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR4), toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and tyrosine kinase binding protein (TYROBP) using qRT-PCR assay. As a result, TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, MMP9 and TYROBP were identified as the marophage-related biomarkers in AMI.
Conclusions
The macrophage-related genes TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, MMP9 and TYROBP may enable timely detection of AMI, leading to prompt intervention and better prognosis.
Utilisation of Evidence-Based Therapies and prescribing patterns among patients receiving anti-hypertensive agents in Hospital Serdang
Authors: Marzouk Menna , Hisham Shairyzah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension is recognized as a major global problem. It affects every aspect of the patient’s quality of life, and employment and can even cause premature death. Its growing prevalence and poor control represent a huge health challenge worldwide. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the utilization of evidence-based anti-hypertensive agents in the management of hypertensive patients in Hospital Serdang. This study was conducted retrospectively from July 2019 to August 2019.
Methodology: The study subjects were screened and reemitted using a random sampling method according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected patient data was retrieved from Hospital Serdang's online eHIS Live system.
Results: Out of 106 patients, 14 patients were excluded due to incomplete information on medical records, patients following up at other hospitals, and pregnant women. The study results showed that adherence to the guidelines when prescribing combination therapies was seen more than in monotherapy. The majority of subjects did not receive antihypertensive treatment according to co-morbidities. However, only stroke showed high adherence to the guideline. Most of the subjects adhered to guidelines when there was a presence of contraindications. The median (IQR) GAI score was 40. In this study, GAI score was divided into 3 categories, 13 (15.9%) of the patients have a good adherence (80-100%), 23 (28%) have moderate adherence (50-79%) and 46 (56.11%) have poor adherence (0-49%) to the guideline.
Conclusion: Among 82 studied patients, more than half of the patients were not treated according to guidelines, while only 13 of the subjects were categorized as having good adherence to guidelines. This study indicated that there is a need to introduce an educational program for prescribers in hospitals and collaborative interventions between clinical pharmacist and physicians.
Mechanical ventilation settings during weaning from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Passarelli Maria Teresa , Petit Matthieu , Garberi Roberta , Lebreton Guillaume , Luyt Charles Edouard , De Chambrun Marc Pineton , Chommeloux Juliette , Hékimian Guillaume , Rezoagli Emanuele , Foti Giuseppe , Combes Alain , Giani Marco , Schmidt Matthieu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Objectives: To describe clinical characteristics, mechanical ventilation strategies, and outcomes in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) during weaning from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO).
Design: Retrospective, multicenter cohort study over 7 years.
Settings: Two tertiary ICUs, high-volume ECMO centers in France and Italy.
Patients: Patients with ARDS on ECMO and successfully weaned from VV ECMO.
Measurements and main results: Patients were classified based on their mechanical ventilation modality during the sweep gas-off trial (SGOT) with either controlled mechanical ventilation or spontaneous breathing (i.e. pressure support ventilation). The primary endpoint was the time to successful weaning from mechanical ventilation within 90 days post-ECMO weaning. Among 393 adult patients with severe ARDS successfully weaned from ECMO, 292 were on controlled ventilation, and 101 were on spontaneous breathing during SGOT. The 90-day probability of successful weaning from mechanical ventilation was not significantly different between the two groups (sHR [95%CI], 1.23[0.84-1.82]). However, spontaneous breathing during SGOT was associated with a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay after ECMO discontinuation, without an increase of ECMO-related complications, such as severe bleeding or pneumothorax, compared to controlled ventilation. After adjusting for covariates, older age, higher pre-ECMO sequential organ failure assessment score, pneumothorax, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and renal replacement therapy were independently associated with a lower probability of successful weaning from mechanical ventilation after ECMO weaning. Contrarily, mechanical ventilation modalities during SGOT did not demonstrate an independent association with the likelihood of successful weaning.
Conclusions: A weaning ECMO strategy incorporating spontaneous breathing during SGOT appears safe and is associated with favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to assess the optimal ventilation strategy during weaning off VV ECMO and its impact on short- and long-term outcomes.
Transcriptional responses and secondary metabolites variation of tomato plant in response to tobacco mosaic virus infestation
Authors: Rabie Mona , Aseel Dalia G. , Younes Hosny A. , Behiry Said I. , Abdelkhalek Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The present study focused on the impact of infection with the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) Specifically, changes in phytochemicals and gene activity related to pathogenesis-related and the phenylpropanoid pathway genes in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during a period of 2-to-14-day post inoculation (dpi). According to TEM investigation and coat protein sequence analysis, the purified TMV Egyptian AM isolate (PP133743) has a rod-shaped structure with a diameter of around 110 nm. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PR-1 showed an initial increase after TMV infection, as seen in the time-course analysis. In contrast, PR-2 was consistently elevated throughout the infection, suggesting a stronger reaction to the virus and suppressing PAL expression at 6 to 14 dpi. The expression levels of HQT and CHS transcripts exhibited alternating patterns of upregulation and downregulation at different time intervals. The HPLC and GC-MS analysis of control and TMV-infected tomato extracts revealed that different phenolic, flavonoid, and fatty acid compounds could be increased (such as naringenin, rutin, flavone, ferulic acid, and pyrogallol) or decreased (such as salicylic acid and chlorogenic acid) after TMV infection. The ability of TMV to inhibit most polyphenolic compounds could potentially accelerate the viral life cycle. Consequently, working to increase such suppressed compounds in tomato plants could be important for developing the management of plant viral infections.