bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health‐State Utility Values in Patients Affected by Flaccid and Non‐Flaccid Facial Paralysis
Authors: Valencia‐Sanchez Bastien A. , Bartho Murray J. , Krippaehne Elise , Mace Jess C. , Loyo Myriam 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe primary goal of this study was to measure health‐state utility values (HUVs) in patients with facial paralysis before and after treatment. A secondary objective was to compare these values with those of other chronic diseases and currently available treatments.Study DesignA retrospective chart review.SettingA tertiary medical center.MethodsAdults with flaccid and non‐flaccid facial paralysis were included. Baseline demographics, medical comorbidities, facial paralysis history, treatment details, and disease‐specific quality‐of‐life scores were collected. Utility values were derived using the Short‐Form 6D health index at baseline and after treatment.ResultsThe mean baseline Short‐Form 6D utility value for patients with facial paralysis (n = 134) was 0.73 (± 0.14) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71‐0.75). Baseline utility values significantly correlated with disease‐specific quality of life as measured by the Facial Clinimetric Evaluation Scale (r = 0.400; P < .001), but not with Sunnybrook Facial Grading Scale or Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire scores. Post‐treatment utility values showed a mean improvement of 0.03 (95% CI: −0.01 to 0.08; P = .14) in the overall cohort. The flaccid group showed a greater average improvement compared to the non‐flaccid group (0.05 [± 0.17] vs 0.02 [± 0.17]; P = .62).ConclusionPatients with flaccid and non‐flaccid facial paralysis reported HUVs that were significantly lower than the US population norm. Treatment improved utility values in both groups. These findings provide initial data for future cost‐effectiveness analyses of surgical and non‐surgical treatment options for facial paralysis.
Prediction mechanical properties of carbon fiber‐reinforced composites: A multiscale simulation framework based on bicomponent resin curing characteristics and interfacial properties
Authors: Ai Fanrong , Xie Yangdong , Liu Donglei , Gu Shuojun , Chen Jiangwen , Evsyukov Sergei Alexandrovich , Luo Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study develops a multiscale simulation framework that integrates molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with the finite element method (FEM) to predict the mechanical properties of bicomponent (DGEBA/BDDE) resin/carbon fiber composites. The curing characteristics of the bicomponent resin were determined through MD modeling and simulations, and the influence of BDDE content on the interfacial energy of the resin/carbon fiber system was investigated. The interfacial vacuum layer between the resin and carbon fiber was modeled as a transversely isotropic elastomer, and its elastic constants were computed. These values were incorporated into the representative volume element (RVE) model to analyze the effects of varying interfacial thicknesses and fiber volume fractions on the macroscopic mechanical properties of the composites. Results indicate that increasing BDDE content decreases the mechanical performance of the resin system, with the 15wt% BDDE system achieving optimal interfacial energy. The computed elastic constants revealed significant modulus variations, ranging from the lowest out‐of‐plane shear modulus of 190 MPa (G13) to the highest in‐plane Young's modulus of 191 GPa (E2), spanning three orders of magnitude. The predicted Young's modulus from the multiscale framework showed an acceptable deviation from experimental data, confirming the framework's accuracy. This study presents an effective multiscale simulation framework for bicomponent resin, offering insights into interfacial property simulation and macroscopic elastic parameter prediction.Highlights
The crosslinking model of bicomponent resin was constructed by MD.
Consider the interface vacuum layer as a transversely isotropic elastomer.
RVE finite element simulation parameters obtained from microscopic simulations.
The system containing 15wt% BDDE showed the highest interfacial energy.
The multiscale simulation framework can predict the elastic properties of CFRP.
Cold Water Immersion, Heart Rate Variability and Post‐Exercise Recovery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Galvez‐Rodriguez Cristian , Valenzuela‐Reyes Pedro , Fuentealba‐Sepúlveda Soledad , Farias‐Valenzuela Claudio , Salinas Alexis Espinoza 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPhysiological and psychological recovery, i.e., the balance between fatigue/stress and recovery and evaluated through heart rate variability (HRV), is essential for the good performance of athletes in all their activities. Cold water immersion (CWI) has been shown to reduce the negative effects of fatigue/stress by inducing physiological and biochemical changes that promote faster recovery. This study aims to analyze the scientific literature on the effects of CWI on post‐exercise recovery, as measured by HRV in athletes.MethodsA systematic review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were included it. The risk of bias of each study selected was assessed using Cochrane's guidelines for RCT.ResultsTwelve articles were included. All studies reported parasympathetic reactivation with CWI after physical exertion. Six studies demonstrated statistically significant results (p < 0.05) compared to a passive recovery, while eight studies reported moderate to large effect sizes.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that CWI after exercise may have a positive acute effect on parasympathetic reactivation, as measured by HRV.
Pubescenoside D Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury via Preventing the Dissociation of HK2 and Promoting Mitophagy by Targeting GSK‐3β
Authors: Xiao Juanlan , Wu Peng , Wang Lili , Luo Jianmin , Wang Ying , Cheng Yuanyuan , Zhang Rong , Liu Zhongqiu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMyocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is a critical challenge for acute myocardial infarction therapy, as there is currently no ideal drug available. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK‐3β) serves as an promising therapeutic target for treating MI/RI. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Ilex pubescens ameliorates MI/RI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of the screened GSK‐3β inhibitor from Ilex pubescens against MI/RI. Three‐dimensional‐quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D‐QSAR) modeling, molecular docking, the oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation‐induced MI/RI mice model, and western blotting analysis were used to screen and investigate the myocardial protective efficacy and mechanism. Here, we screened Pubescenoside D (PBD) as a GSK‐3β inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.3769 μM from Ilex pubescens, using 3D‐QSAR modeling, molecular docking, and kinase assay verification. Ile217, Leu88, Phe93, and Phe67 are the key binding sites for PBD and GSK‐3β. PBD protects cardiomyocytes against MI/RI in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanism studies show that PBD inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening by preventing GSK‐3β‐mediated the dissociation of hexokinase2 (HK2) from the outer membrane of the mitochondria and enhances mitophagy by suppressing GSK‐3β activity, subsequently reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our findings shed light on the efficacy of PBD as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of MI/RI targeting GSK‐3β.
Tracking Developmental Changes in the Use of Syllables as Segmental and Prelexical Reading Units: A Longitudinal Approach in French Children
Authors: Maïonchi‐Pino Norbert , Runge Élise , Chabanal Damien 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCross‐sectional studies have already addressed the question of the syllable's role in the first steps of reading acquisition—though with mixed results. To determine whether and when (1) syllables become units that drive the segmentation of and access to words and how (2) sublexical orthographic and phonological syllable frequency mediate the syllable effects, we conducted a short‐term longitudinal study in French‐speaking typically developing children who are learning to read (N = 50). We assumed that children early refer to orthographic regularities and sublexical orthographic and phonological frequency and structural properties of syllables to segment and access words. A lexical decision task in a visual masked priming paradigm was used to assess the automatic activation of syllables in good and poor readers at five different timepoints from Grade 1 to Grade 3. Our results confirmed a gradual use and reading level‐dependent availability of phonological syllables. Good readers with good qualitative and quantitative phonological representations early automated and generalized the access and use of phonological syllables compared with poor readers who struggled with distributional and structural properties to access and use phonological syllables. Although high‐frequency orthographic syllables consistently facilitated access to words in both good and poor readers, this was the phonological syllable frequency that modulated the expression, the direction, and the amplitude of the syllable effects, particularly in good readers. For the first time, our data provided a longitudinal overview of syllable effects at the first steps of learning to read in French‐speaking children. These have implications for understanding reading acquisition and, by extension, set syllable‐based reading interventions for children with reading difficulties.
Method for Determining Chymotrypsin Inhibitor Activity: Investigations Into Sample Blank Measurements, Factors Involved, and Further Improvement
Authors: Liu Keshun , Woolman Mike 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAn optimized method for determining chymotrypsin inhibitor activity (CIA) for legume and cereal products was recently developed. As a follow‐up, the present study focused on sample blank (SB) measurement and further method improvement for the previously developed CIA assay. It started with an observation that the reagent addition sequence (RAS) had profound effects on SB with soybean samples but not with purified inhibitors. Several hypotheses were proposed, including that the effect of RAS on SB results from differential interactions between other components (including other proteins) in sample extracts with those in the substrate working solution in the presence and absence of acetic acid. Several factors were investigated for their effects and interactions with RAS on SB measurements. These included the duration between adding the second and third reagents, the absorbance at each step of the measurement, the effects of presence and absence of calcium (Ca2+), Ca2+ concentration, method of sample extraction and post‐extraction storage, post‐reaction centrifugation, wavelength for absorbance measurement, sample type, and volumes of diluted sample extracts. The experiments validated the hypotheses and showed that among the different RAS, the sequence of adding Inhibitor, Acid, Substrate and Enzyme (the IASE sequence) was least affected by most factors and overnight refrigeration of sample extracts had little effect. It was concluded that the RAS effect on SB was unavoidable. Recommendations include using an assay buffer containing 20 mM Ca2+, using the IASE sequence with 0.8 mL sample volume for SB measurements, and centrifuging all reaction mixtures before absorbance measurements.
A Calibrated Sensitivity Analysis for Weighted Causal Decompositions
Authors: Shen Andy A. , Visoki Elina , Barzilay Ran , Pimentel Samuel D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDisparities in health or well‐being experienced by minority groups can be difficult to study using the traditional exposure‐outcome paradigm in causal inference, since potential outcomes in variables such as race or sexual minority status are challenging to interpret. Causal decomposition analysis addresses this gap by positing causal effects on disparities under interventions to other intervenable exposures that may play a mediating role in the disparity. While invoking weaker assumptions than causal mediation approaches, decomposition analyses are often conducted in observational settings and require uncheckable assumptions that eliminate unmeasured confounders. Leveraging the marginal sensitivity model, we develop a sensitivity analysis for weighted causal decomposition estimators and use the percentile bootstrap to construct valid confidence intervals for causal effects on disparities. We also propose a two‐parameter reformulation that enhances interpretability and facilitates an intuitive understanding of the plausibility of unmeasured confounders and their effects. We illustrate our framework on a study examining the effect of parental support on disparities in suicidal ideation among sexual minority youth. We find that the effect is small and sensitive to unmeasured confounding, suggesting that further screening studies are needed to identify mitigating interventions in this vulnerable population.
3D Printing of Solid Electrolyte and the Application in All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Tu Zhantong , Chen Kaiqi , Liu Sijie , Wu Xin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe inherent risks of fluid leakage, combustion, and explosive reactions constitute major impediments to the widespread commercial deployment of lithium battery technologies. To solve these problems, solid‐state electrolytes presenting the advantages of non‐leakage, good thermal stability, non‐volatilization, low spontaneous combustion or explosion risk have been proposed. However, one of the key issues for solid electrolytes is the ultra‐low ionic conductivity. To improve the ionic conductivity, new materials are being developed with complex procedures or more exotic, high‐cost materials. Actually, the performance of solid electrolytes can be strategically enhanced through rational structural design and customized fabrication strategies. Recently, the combination of 3D printing techniques with solid‐state batteries has been regarded as an efficient solution for the future energy crisis, and therefore, much research effort has been spent on it. This article reviewed the research advances around the integration of 3D printing with solid electrolytes. The advantages of various solid electrolytes and major 3D printing techniques are summarized at first. Subsequently, this review examines the integration of 3D printing technologies in the fabrication of diverse solid electrolytes, analyzing their implementation through case studies of solid‐state battery applications. Finally, the challenges and prospective for future 3D printing of solid electrolytes are outlined.
Identification of Full‐Field Wind Loads on Buildings Using Displacement Measurements and Smoothing Kalman Filter Under Unknown Input Without Direct Feedthrough
Authors: Yin Chang , Yang Xiongjun , Liu Lijun , Yang Sen , Lei Ying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCurrent wind load identification methods are mainly based on structural acceleration responses, which require the installation of many accelerometers on structures, to identify fluctuating wind loads that are assumed as independent white noise processes. With the development of machine vision, structural displacement responses under wind loads can be noncontact observed. In this paper, an identification method is proposed for full‐field wind loads including both the fluctuating and mean wind components on buildings using only structural displacement observations. Wind loads are treated as unknown forces on buildings without the assumptions of independent white noise processes of fluctuating wind loads in current identification methods. To reduce the number of independent unknown wind loads to be identified, the spatial correlations of wind loads are first analyzed. Then, as displacement observation equation does not contain the unknown forces, the smoothing Kalman filter under unknown input without direct feedback (Smoothing KF‐UI‐WDF) algorithm is used for wind load identification. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, both stationary and nonstationary wind loads on a 20‐floor shearing building are identified, and the identification results are validated in both time and frequency domains.
Charcot Marie Tooth disease pathology is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and lower glutathione production
Authors: Komilova Nafisa R. , Angelova Plamena R. , Cali Elisa , Scardamaglia Annarita , Mirkhodjaev Ulugbek Z. , Houlden Henry , Esteras Noemi , Abramov Andrey Y. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) or hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy is a heterogeneous neurological disorder leading to nerve damage and muscle weakness. Although multiple mutations associated with CMT were identified, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this pathology are still unclear, although most of the subtype of this disease involve mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the mechanism of pathology. Using patients’ fibroblasts of autosomal recessive, predominantly demyelinating form of CMT—CMT4B3 subtype, we studied the effect of these mutations on mitochondrial metabolism and redox balance. We have found that CMT4B3-associated mutations decrease mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial NADH redox index suggesting an increase rate of mitochondrial respiration in these cells. However, mitochondrial dysfunction had no profound effect on the overall levels of ATP and on the energy capacity of these cells. Although the rate of reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria and cytosol in fibroblasts with CMT4B3 pathology was not significantly higher than in control, the level of GSH was significantly lower. Lower level of glutathione was most likely induced by the lower level of NADPH production, which was used for a GSH cycling, however, expression levels and activity of the major NADPH producing enzyme Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was not altered. Low level of GSH renders the fibroblast with CMT4B3 pathology more sensitive to oxidative stress and further treatment of cells with hydroperoxide increases CMT patients’ fibroblast death rates compared to control. Thus, CMT4B3 pathology makes cells vulnerable to oxidative stress due to the lack of major endogenous antioxidant GSH.
Weight 2 cohomology of graph complexes of cyclic operads and the handlebody group
Authors: Borinsky Michael , Brück Benjamin , Willwacher Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We compute the weight 2 cohomology of the Feynman transforms of the cyclic (co)operads

$$\textsf{BV}$$

BV

and

$$\textsf{HyCom}$$

HyCom

, and the top

$$-2$$

-
2

weight cohomology of the Feynman transforms of

$$D\textsf{BV}$$

D
BV

and

$$\textsf{Grav}$$

Grav

. Using a result of Giansiracusa, we compute, in particular, the top

$$-2$$

-
2

weight cohomology of the handlebody group. We compare the result to the top

$$-2$$

-
2

weight cohomology of the moduli space of curves

$$\mathcal {M}_{g,n}$$

M

g
,
n

, recently computed by Payne and the last-named author. We also provide another proof of a recent result of Hainaut–Petersen identifying the top weight cohomology of the handlebody group with the Kontsevich graph cohomology.
Charakterisierung der Patienten mit Synkope in der Notaufnahme – Nebendiagnosen und Laborparameter bei stationärer und ambulanter Versorgung
Authors: Becker von Rose Aaron , Patenge Adrian , Haller Bernhard , Mehraein Niel , Schmid Lisa , Pförringer Dominik , Dommasch Michael 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Insgesamt 1391 Patienten stellten sich in den Jahren 2019–2022 in der Notaufnahme des Klinikums rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München mit der Hauptdiagnose Synkope vor. In dieser Studie wurden diejenigen Patienten analysiert, die sich in einer interdisziplinären Notaufnahme vorgestellt haben. Patienten, die über den Schockraum oder über die Chest Pain Unit aufgenommen wurden, sind in diesem Kollektiv nicht enthalten. Ziel dieser monozentrischen retrospektiven Studie ist die Charakterisierung im Hinblick auf Nebendiagnosen und Laborparametern. Besonderer Fokus lag hierbei auf der Differenzierung zwischen stationären (n = 190; 13,7 %) und ambulanten (n = 1201; 86,3 %) Patienten. Die häufigsten Nebendiagnosen waren Kopfverletzung (n = 188; 13,5 %), Infektion (n = 126; 9,1 %), sonstige Verletzung des Körpers (n = 124; 8,9 %), neurologische Erkrankung (n = 85; 6,1 %), rhythmogene Herzinsuffizienz (n = 76; 5,5 %), kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren (n = 75; 5,4 %), metabolische/nephrologische Erkrankung (n = 69; 5,0 %) und strukturelle Herzerkrankungen (n = 68; 4,9 %). Operative Interventionen erfolgten mittels Herzkatheter (n = 16; 1,2 %), perkutaner Koronarintervention (n = 15; 1,1 %) und Schrittmacher/Defibrillator/Ereignisrekorder (n = 12; 0,9 %). Patienten, die stationär versorgt wurden, wiesen im Vergleich zu ambulanten Patienten im Durchschnitt deutlich mehr Nebendiagnosen (3,5 vs. 0,3) und höhere Inzidenzen pathologischer Laborparameter auf. Häufigere Nebendiagnosen bei stationären Patienten waren kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren (37,9 % vs. 0,2 %), rhythmogene Herzinsuffizienz (35,3 % vs. 0,7 %), Infektion (57,9 % vs. 1,3 %) und Lungenerkrankung (6,3 % vs. 0,2 %). Bei stationären Patienten zeigten sich häufig abnormale Blutwerte wie erhöhte Laborparameter für „high sensitive“ (hs) Troponin T (58,8 % vs. 25,7 %), Kreatinin (36,2 % vs. 14,8 %) und Leukozyten (43,4 % vs. 36,3 %) sowie erniedrigte Werte für Hämoglobin (33,3 % vs. 16,0 %), Kalium (5,3 % vs. 1,2 %) und Natrium (2,1 % vs. 0,6 %).
The optimal timing for definitive operative stabilization of pelvic fractures in polytrauma patients: effects on clinical outcomes – a systematic review
Authors: Dormann Julia , Horst Klemens , Dahms Karolina , Steinfeld Eva , Ansems Kelly , Janka Heidrun , Metzendorf Maria-Inti , Breuer Thomas , Benstoem Carina , Hildebrand Frank , Bolierakis Eftychios 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The optimal timing for definitive surgical treatment of pelvic fractures in polytrauma patients remains a topic of ongoing discussion due to the complexity of these injuries. This analysis therefore aims to systematically compare early versus late definitive operative stabilization of pelvic fractures on outcome in polytrauma patients.

Methods
PubMed, CENTRAL and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify relevant completed and ongoing studies from the inception of each database to March 13, 2023. Systematic reviews, randomized control trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing early (< 24 h) versus late (> 24 h) definitive operative stabilization in adult polytrauma patients admitted to the ICU were included.

Results
Since no systematic reviews and RCTs were available on this subject, one observational study was identified, including a total of 418 polytrauma patients (nearly = 165, nlate = 253), median age: 40.3 years (early 40.1 years, late 40.4 years). Early definitive stabilization was associated with a decreased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) compared to late stabilization of unstable pelvis and acetabulum fractures (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.81; RD 78 fewer per 1000, 95% CI 104 fewer to 24 fewer; 1 study, 418 participants; very low certainty of evidence). Furthermore, early definitive stabilization may decrease the risk of pneumonia compared to late stabilization of unstable pelvis and acetabulum fractures (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.88; RD 85 fewer per 1000, 95% CI 122 fewer to 20 fewer); 1 study, 418 participants; very low certainty of evidence).

Conclusion
There is limited evidence regarding early definitive fracture repair (≤ 24 h) compared to late repair of pelvic fractures in polytrauma patients. One observational study showed a reduced incidence of septic respiratory complications, ARDS, and multi-organ failure (MOF) in polytrauma patients who received early definitive fracture repair.