bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimising wound monitoring: Can digital tools improve healing outcomes and clinic efficiency
Authors: Kivity Sara , Rajuan Ella , Arbeli Sima , Alcalay Tamar , Shiri Lior , Orvieto Noam , Alon Yaniv , Saban Mor 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic wounds present significant challenges for patients and nursing care teams worldwide. Digital health tools offer potential for more standardised and efficient nursing care pathways but require further rigorous evaluation.ObjectiveThis retrospective matched cohort study aimed to compare the impacts of a digital tracking application for wound documentation versus traditional manual nursing assessments.MethodsData from 5236 patients with various wound types were analysed. Propensity score matching balanced groups, and bivariate tests, correlation analyses, linear regression, and Hayes' Process Macro Model 15 were utilised for a mediation‐moderation model.ResultsDigital wound tracking was associated with significantly shorter healing durations (15 vs. 35 days) and fewer clinic nursing visits (3 vs. 5.8 visits) compared to standard nursing monitoring. Digital tracking demonstrated improved wound size reduction over time. Laboratory values tested did not consistently predict healing outcomes. Digital tracking exhibited moderate negative correlations with the total number of nursing visits. Regression analysis identified wound complexity, hospitalizations, and initial wound size as clinical predictors for more nursing visits in patients with diabetes mellitus (p < .01). Digital tracking significantly reduced the number of associated nursing visits for patients with peripheral vascular disease.ConclusionThese findings suggest that digital wound management may streamline nursing care and provide advantages, particularly for comorbid populations facing treatment burdens.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to STROBE guidelines in reporting this observational research.Relevance to Clinical PracticeBy streamlining documentation and potentially shortening healing times, digital wound tracking could help optimise nursing resources, enhance wound care standards, and improve patient experiences. This supports further exploration of digital health innovations to advance evidence‐based nursing practice.Patient or public contributionThis study involved retrospective analysis of existing patient records and did not directly include patients or the public in the design, conduct, or reporting of the research.
The contribution of community service during the transition to adulthood to health in adulthood
Authors: Wray‐Lake Laura , Dunn Danielle , Freund Valerie , Kloska Deborah D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPrior studies have linked young people's community service to indicators of health, yet little research takes the long view by connecting youth's community service to health in the next decade of life. Using a lifespan developmental lens, this study examined community service over the transition to adulthood and uses change over time in community service to predict indicators of behavioral, physical, and psychological health at ages 35 and 40. Data were taken from Monitoring the Future U.S. national multi‐cohort data spanning ages 18–40 in high school cohorts from 1976 to 1995 for age 40 (N = 4300) and 1976 to 2000 for age 35 (N = 5879). Models estimated a growth curve model for community service from ages 18 to 30 and found that the slope for community service was associated with alcohol use, binge drinking, marijuana use, healthy behaviors, and life satisfaction at ages 35 and 40, with cigarette use at age 35 only, and with self‐esteem and depressive symptoms at age 40 only. Less decline in community service over the transition to adulthood was associated with lower substance use, more healthy behaviors, and higher psychological well‐being in adulthood. This study contributes evidence that community service and health are linked across the lifespan and suggests the value of examining the long‐term implications of developmental change across adolescence and the transition to adulthood.
Association between perioperative self‐reported sleep disturbances and delirium risk in elderly patients following total joint arthroplasty: a cohort study
Authors: Chen Hao , Fang Zheng , Wu Yang‐yang , Zhao Cheng‐hui , Wang Yu‐jie , Zhu Xiao‐he , Cheng Xin‐qi 
Published: February 2024

SummaryPerioperative sleep disturbance may increase delirium risk. However, the role of perioperative sleep disturbance in delirium following total joint arthroplasty remains unclear. This prospective cohort study aimed to observe the delirium risk in patients with sleep disturbances. After excluding pre‐existing sleep disturbances, older patients scheduled for total joint arthroplasty from July 17, 2022, to January 12, 2023, were recruited. Preoperative sleep disturbance or postoperative sleep disturbance was defined as a Chinese version of the Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) score of <50 during hospitalisation. A cut‐off score of 25 was used to classify the severity of sleep disturbance. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative delirium. In all, 11.6% of cohort patients (34/294) developed delirium. After multivariate analysis, a preoperative Day 1 RCSQ score of ≤25 (odds ratio [OR] 3.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–10.92; p = 0.02), occurrence of sleep disturbances (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.19–6.38; p = 0.02) and RCSQ score of ≤25(OR 2.91, 95% CI 1.33–6.37; p = 0.007) postoperatively were strong independent predictors of delirium. After sensitivity analysis for daily delirium, a postoperative Day 1 RCSQ score of ≤25 (OR 9.27, 95% CI 2.72–36.15; p < 0.001) was associated with a greater risk of delirium on postoperative Day 1, with a reasonable discriminative area under the curve of 0.730. We concluded that postoperative but not preoperative sleep disturbances may be an independent factor for delirium risk. Sleep disturbance on the first night after surgery was a good predictor of subsequent delirium, no matter the nature of self‐reported sleep disturbance.
The U.S. Supreme Court and democratic backsliding
Authors: Keck Thomas M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper assesses the performance of the Supreme Court as democratic guardrail during five prior periods of democratic crisis in the United States. It finds that most such periods witnessed efforts by the governing regime to entrench themselves in power, and that the Court has rarely provided an effective check on such democratic abuses. Rather than serving as a reliable democratic guardrail, the Court has regularly exercised what Dixon and Landau call “weak‐form abusive judicial review”; that is, it has declined to check attacks on democracy emerging from other centers of power. On one occasion, the Court has undermined democracy even more directly via “strong‐form abusive judicial review”; that is, the Court itself attacked key democratic guardrails. This historical record provides a helpful baseline for evaluating the Court's performance during the Trump era, when it has taken actions that both protect and undermine democratic health. Conflicting signs indicate that the Court is playing a more democracy‐protective role than most of its predecessors in some respects, but a more democracy‐undermining role in others. As such, it is too soon to say with confidence whether the contemporary Court will be remembered, on balance, for resolving or exacerbating a system‐threatening constitutional crisis.
Biofloc technology: A sustainable approach towards wastewater utilization and fish production
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Srivastava Praveen Kumar , Kumar Vineet , Seth Chandra Shekhar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBiofloc technology (BFT) has gained popularity recently as the aquaculture industry faces significant economic losses due to water pollution creating various pathogens. Many bacterial, viral and fungal diseases in fish cause a decrease in annual world fish production. Therefore, owing to a growing demand for healthy fish, zero‐water exchange is widely practiced in fish and shellfish production. It minimizes the release of aquaculture wastewater into the aquatic ecosystem, which contains nutrients, organic matter and pathogens. It uses a minimal amount of land, which provides an impartial cost–benefit ratio to maintain socio‐economic sustainability. Besides sustainability, fish cultured in the BFT have also expressed better health status after being challenged by different pathogens. However, this review explores the use of BFT as a sustainable approach to wastewater utilization and fish and shellfish production. Apart from this, the review highlights the potential of BFT to enhance fish production in aquaculture systems and discusses various factors that affect the performance of systems, such as carbon‐to‐nitrogen ratios, aeration and the use of probiotics. It also investigates the role of biofloc in improving water quality, fish and shellfish health prophylactic properties, and its effect on gut microflora. The review further examines the economic feasibility of BFT and discusses about the cost‐effectiveness of implementing systems and the potential for generating additional revenue through the sale of bioflocs as a value‐added product. Overall, this review highlights the potential of BFT as a sustainable solution for wastewater utilization and increasing fish production. It provides valuable insights into the factors affecting the performance of BFT systems and suggests areas for further research and development in this field.
An overview of the current status of Lake Jipe and its biodiversity dilemma
Authors: Orina Paul Sagwe , Chepkirui Mercy , Orina Tonny , Akwany Leonard , Joseph Rasowo , Matuma Mercy , Kyule Domitilah , Okechi John , Munguti Jonathan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLake Jipe, is a shared water resource between Kenya and Tanzania located at the East African Coast is under multiple pressures. The present study assessed the current state of Lake Jipe and its biodiversity dilemma. Random sampling was conducted at 14 sampling points set at equidistant parallel to each other. Sampling depths and location coordinates were measured using Solar Transducer and GPSMAPS® 65 s. In situ water quality parameters were measured using YSI Pro Plus multiparameter; water samples for nutrients analysis were collected and preserved in cooler boxes prior transportation to Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI) laboratory for analysis according to ALPHA 2005. Socio‐economic data in relation to status of Lake Jipe ecology were generated using Key Informants Interviews at identified beaches along Kenya and Tanzania. Present findings indicated that the lake has receded from the original 108.72 Km2 to 27.32 Km2 with annual temperatures, dissolved oxygen and conductivity of 28.58 ± 0.95, 5.19 ± 00 and 799.24 ± 69.41, respectively, for dry season. Wet season recorded 31.21 ± 0.31, 4.16 ± 0.01 and 882.44 ± 57.41 for temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity, respectively. Agricultural activities have significantly (90%) contributed to the lake levels decline and further affected the lakes' aquatic biodiversity. Among the most affected are the commercially important endemic fish species of the lake of which Oreochromis jipe has experienced the greatest decline. Overfishing, use of illegal unreported and unregulated fishing gears, intensified fishing along protected fish breeding areas as well as poor management and uncoordinated conservation efforts have significantly contributed to the decline of fish catches from 348 kg of O. jipe in 2016 to 90 kg daily catches in 2022. Consequently, the lake is in the verge of extinction if no action is taken. This calls for awareness on the significance of the L. Jipe ecosystems and its immediate and long‐term benefits. Further, there is need to revive and promote alternative economic activities including sustainable aquaculture and agriculture to local communities.
The protein phosphorylation landscape in photosystem I of the desert algae Chlorella sp.
Authors: Levin Guy , Yasmin Michael , Pieńko Tomasz , Yehishalom Nitsan , Hanna Rawad , Kleifeld Oded , Glaser Fabian , Schuster Gadi 
Published: February 2024

Summary
The phosphorylation of photosystem II (PSII) and its antenna (LHCII) proteins has been studied, and its involvement in state transitions and PSII repair is known. Yet, little is known about the phosphorylation of photosystem I (PSI) and its antenna (LHCI) proteins.
Here, we applied proteomics analysis to generate a map of the phosphorylation sites of the PSI–LHCI proteins in Chlorella ohadii cells that were grown under low or extreme high‐light intensities (LL and HL). Furthermore, we analyzed the content of oxidized tryptophans and PSI–LHCI protein degradation products in these cells, to estimate the light‐induced damage to PSI–LHCI.
Our work revealed the phosphorylation of 17 of 22 PSI–LHCI subunits. The analyses detected the extensive phosphorylation of the LHCI subunits Lhca6 and Lhca7, which is modulated by growth light intensity. Other PSI–LHCI subunits were phosphorylated to a lesser extent, including PsaE, where molecular dynamic simulation proposed that a phosphoserine stabilizes ferredoxin binding. Additionally, we show that HL‐grown cells accumulate less oxidative damage and degradation products of PSI–LHCI proteins, compared with LL‐grown cells.
The significant phosphorylation of Lhca6 and Lhca7 at the interface with other LHCI subunits suggests a physiological role during photosynthesis, possibly by altering light‐harvesting characteristics and binding of other subunits.
Member duality and policy tourism: Learning in interlocal policy networks
Authors: Liu Ivy S. , Yi Hongtao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOrganizational learning has long been recognized as a key determinant of success, yet research often overlooks how individual mechanisms initiate and drive collective learning over time. Utilizing policy tourism as an indicator of intercity learning, we construct an interlocal learning network among US cities from 2009 to 2016. Employing a temporal exponential random graph model, our findings suggest that the member duality of local managers can initiate and facilitate self‐organizing learning interactions among US cities through preferential attachment. Consequently, a core group of influential cities with member duality of local managers can control entry into the learning network and strategically promote the transmission of innovative management practices in particular cities. This study (1) underscores the significance of member duality in local managers for facilitating interorganizational learning, (2) incorporates the aspect of temporality in understanding interorganizational learning, and (3) highlights broader practical implications for collaborative governance in diverse network settings.
Management of civil services and the supply of civil servants
Authors: Yang Wenhui , Zhao Siyuan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study proposes an organization–person framework and examines whether management of public officials shapes capable young elites' preferences of government jobs. Using a conjoint experiment in China, we find that monetary and nonmonetary traits of governments jobs alter capable young elites' motivations to engage in public service. In particular, merit‐based selection rule and high wages attract more capable young elites to serve in public services. In contrast, campaign‐style corruption investigation may deter them from serving in government. Furthermore, the effects of civil service management are contingent upon individuals' attributes. Individuals with political connections are less likely to prefer merit‐based selection rules and more likely care about the economic return on government jobs, but intensive corruption investigation is more likely to crowd out those with weak public service motivation.
Gait biomechanics do not differ between adolescents with and without patellofemoral pain
Authors: Mazzella Natalie , Trowell Danielle , Fox Aaron , Saunders Natalie , Vicenzino Bill , Bonacci Jason 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if adolescents with patellofemoral pain exhibit different biomechanical characteristics to asymptomatic adolescents during walking and running.MethodsTwenty‐eight adolescents with patellofemoral pain (16 male, 12 female, mean [SD] age: 14.3 [1.7] years) and 24 asymptomatic adolescents (13 male, 11 female, mean [SD] age: 14.1 [1.6] years) participated. Participants walked and ran on an instrumented treadmill in a standardized athletic shoe. Continuous hip, knee, and ankle joint angles and moments, and frontal plane pelvic motion were compared between groups using one‐dimensional statistical parametric mapping independent t‐tests (alpha <0.05). Cadence and stride length were compared between groups using independent t‐tests.ResultsDuring walking, adolescents with patellofemoral pain had a higher hip extension moment at 7%–8% of the gait cycle (p = 0.04) and walked with a shorter stride length (mean difference [95% confidence interval] = −0.07 [−0.1, −0.01] m). There were no other differences between groups during walking. During running, adolescents with patellofemoral pain had greater knee flexion than asymptomatic adolescents at 35%–40% of the gait cycle (p = 0.04) and ran with a higher cadence (mean difference [95% confidence interval] = 5.8 [2.0, 9.5] steps/min). There were no other statistically significant differences between groups during running.ConclusionsAdolescents with patellofemoral pain demonstrate few biomechanical differences to asymptomatic adolescents during walking and running. The identified differences are likely of limited clinical importance. Biomechanical alterations which have been previously associated with patellofemoral pain in adults, may not need to be the target of management of adolescent patellofemoral pain.
Traumatic subcutaneous emphysema following blood donation: A case report
Authors: Singh Pallavi , Nair K Revathy , Batra Akshay , Singh Satyendra Narayan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundSubcutaneous emphysema is a condition where air becomes trapped under the skin, typically resulting from surgery or skin trauma. It is mostly localized and its occurrence in blood donors is exceedingly rare. Phlebotomy poses minimal risk of subcutaneous emphysema, but procedural errors may lead to such complications.Study Design and MethodThis is a case report of 29‐year‐old repeat blood donor who experienced subcutaneous emphysema following blood donation. The donor was vigorously squeezing sponge ball during donation resulting in displacement of the needle which required readjustment. Post‐donation, the donor reported a crackling sensation and mild swelling near phlebotomy site. Non‐contrast computed tomography (NCCT) scans confirmed subcutaneous emphysema, attributing its development to air trapping in subcutaneous plane due to ball valve mechanism.ResultsComputed tomography (CT) imaging revealed subcutaneous emphysematous changes in the right cubital region and no evidence of hematoma. The swelling spontaneously subsided in 10–12 days without any intervention. The case underscores the importance of differentiating subcutaneous emphysema from common complications like hematoma.DiscussionSubcutaneous emphysema in blood donors is exceptionally rare but should be managed with clear communication. Donors should be reassured that the condition, although rare, is benign and self‐resolving. Healthcare providers should be equipped to handle such rare complications, offering appropriate care and documenting incidents for future prevention.
Influence of screw configuration on reduction and stabilization of simulated complete lateral condylar fracture in equine limbs
Authors: Brabon Ashley , Hughes Kristopher James , Jensen Kelsey , Xie Gang , Labens Raphael 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of screw configuration on the reduction and stabilization of simulated complete lateral condylar fracture.Study designRandomized experimental crossover study.MethodsA lateral condylar fracture was simulated in 18 cadaver limbs from nine horses. Each limb underwent repair with 4.5 mm diameter cortex screws, tightened to 4 Nm, in a linear and triangular configuration. Computed tomography (CT) of each repair was performed with the limbs in unloaded and loaded conditions. Fracture gaps were measured at the dorsal, palmar, and middle locations of the third metacarpal condyle. Fracture gap measurements were graded 0–4, based on voxels. Following descriptive analysis, a Bayesian network (BN) model was fitted to the data.ResultsThe median fracture grade was 0 (range: 0–4) for unloaded linear repairs and 2 (0–4) for loaded linear repairs. The median fracture grade was 0 (0–3) for unloaded triangular repairs and 1 (0–3) for loaded triangular repairs. Bayesian network sensitivity analysis showed that the construct configuration reduced the uncertainty in the measured fracture outcome by 0.8%.ConclusionTriangular screw configuration resulted in better fracture reduction and stability in comparison with linear screw configuration. However, the BN sensitivity analysis results showed that the effect of construct configuration on fracture outcome was weak.Clinical significanceThese findings indicate a low probability that triangular repair of lateral condylar fracture will result in improved outcomes, when compared with linear repair.
Exceptional biases in counting primes over function fields
Authors: Bailleul Alexandre , Devin Lucile , Keliher Daniel , Li Wanlin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe study how often exceptional configurations of irreducible polynomials over finite fields occur in the context of prime number races and Chebyshev's bias. In particular, we show that three types of biases, which we call “complete bias,” “lower order bias,” and “reversed bias,” occur with probability going to zero among the family of all squarefree monic polynomials of a given degree in as , a power of a fixed prime, goes to infinity. The bounds given extend a previous result of Kowalski, who studied a similar question along particular one‐parameter families of reducible polynomials. The tools used are the large sieve for Frobenius developed by Kowalski, an improvement of it due to Perret–Gentil and considerations from the theory of linear recurrence sequences and arithmetic geometry.