bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin abnormalities in individuals with macrocephaly: Cowden disease from a dermatologist's point of view
Authors: Van Der Velden Jaap J. A. J. , Vreeburg Maaike , Smeets Eric E. J. , Schrander‐Stumpel Constance T. R. M. , Van Steensel Maurice A. M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCowden disease is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by multiple hamartomas and (malignant) tumors affecting major organs including the breast, thyroid, endometrium, brain, skin and mucosa. Diagnostic criteria as formulated by the International Cowden Consortium serve as a guideline to clinically identify patients in which Cowden disease is suspected.However, the spectrum of abnormalities associated with PTEN mutations is very broad, such that the term PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PTHS) is often used. The diagnostic criteria for Cowden disease do not always serve to reliably identify patients who fall within the PTHS spectrum. Therefore, it is important that clinicians are aware of features that should raise the suspicion of such a syndrome.To illustrate this point, we present three patients with clinical features of the PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome spectrum. These patients have macrocephaly in common. Two of them meet the criteria for Cowden disease; one patient refused mutation analysis, while mutation analysis in the other patient revealed no PTEN mutation. The third patient does not meet the criteria for Cowden disease; however, genetic analysis showed a pathogenic mutation in the PTEN gene.Dermatologists regularly encounter the (muco‐)cutaneous abnormalities that can be seen in PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome. These findings combined with a (family) history of internal malignancy or a macrocephaly should raise the suspicion of PTHS, even in the absence of classical Cowden criteria.
Tophi as first clinical sign of gout
Authors: Thissen Carleine A. C. B. , Frank Jorge , Lucker Georges P. H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractGout results from deposition of monosodium urate crystals in different body tissues, including the skin and soft tissues. With increasing prosperity a rising prevalence of the disease can be observed, especially in highly industrialized countries. Gout can present with acute and painful attacks of arthritis that can affect several joints. In addition, nodular masses of uric acid crystals can develop, which are referred to as tophi. Although tophaceous gout usually is a sign of long during and chronic disease tophi can also occur as first symptom of the disorder. Here, we report on an 85‐year‐old woman who was diagnosed with tophaceous gout devoid of a prior medical history of the disease.
Lymphedema–distichiasis syndrome: a distinct type of primary lymphedema caused by mutations in the FOXC2 gene
Authors: Vreeburg Maaike , Heitink Martijn V. , Damstra Robert J. , Moog Ute , Van Geel Michel , Van Steensel Maurice A. M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractLymphedema–distichiasis syndrome (LD, OMIM 153400) is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expression. It is caused by mutations in the FOXC2‐gene, which codes for a forkhead transcription factor involved in the development of the lymphatic and vascular system. LD is characterized by late childhood or pubertal onset lymphedema of the limbs and distichiasis (double row of eyelashes). While the latter is the most common expression of LD, venous insufficiency occurs in half of the patients. Other associations have been reported, including congenital heart disease, ptosis, cleft lip/palate and spinal extradural cysts.Here we describe a family with classical lymphedema–distichiasis syndrome caused by a duplication in the FOXC2‐gene.
Hydroid assemblages from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34–42° S)
Authors: Genzano Gabriel N. , Giberto Diego , Schejter Laura , Bremec Claudia , Meretta Pablo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper provides updated taxonomic knowledge about hydrozoan species and provides ecological information including geographical and bathymetric distributions and biological substrata for the various hydroid assemblages from the Sub‐Antarctic Biogeographical Region, mainly Buenos Aires and the Uruguayan coasts. Five of the 41 species found are new records for the study region. Thirty‐one species (75.6%), all found at depths of less than 80 m, have cosmopolitan distributions. Biodiversity decreased markedly below 80 m depth, where nine species (≈22%) distributed in the Southern hemisphere and one endemic species (2.4%) were found. Most species were non‐specific epizoites, occurring on diverse substrata. A non‐parametric multivariate similarity analysis revealed nine species groups that were correlated with large‐scale and local oceanographic patterns and with the availability of suitable substrata. The main hydroid substrata for eight of the groups were cnidarians, molluscs (mainly blue mussels), quartzite rocks and sponges. In a single group found in Patagonian scallop beds, the main biological substrata were polychaete tubes, other hydroids and scallops.
Diel vertical migration of medusae in the open Southern Adriatic Sea over a short time period (July 2003)
Authors: Lučić Davor , Benović Adam , Morović Mira , Batistić Mirna , Onofri Ivona 
Published: November 2008

AbstractDiel vertical migration (DVM) of medusae was investigated at a fixed station in the oligotrophic Southern Adriatic Sea at several depths during summer (July) 2003. We hypothesized that medusan DVM is considerably influenced by environmental variables such as hydrographic features, light intensities, and potential prey densities. We used short‐term repetitive sampling as an approach to detail these relationships. Of the 26 species collected, the highest abundance was in the layer between the thermocline (15 m) and 100 m depth, where Rhopalonema velatum predominated, reaching the maximum count of 93 individuals per 10 m3. Seven species were observed over a wide depth range: Solmissus albescens (15–1200 m), R. velatum (0–800 m), Persa incolorata (50–1200 m), Octophialucium funerarium (200–1200 m), Arctapodema australis (200–1200 m), Amphinema rubra (100–800 m), and Rhabdoon singulare (15–600). According to the medusan weighted mean depth (WMD) calculations, the longest DVMs were noted for the deep‐sea species S. albescens, O. funerarium, and A. australis. The shallowest species, Aglaura hemistoma, was primarily non‐migratory. Certain medusan assemblages were associated consistently with a particular depth layer characterized by a particular light intensity. The interplay of environmental factors and trophic relationships explains some of the features of medusan migratory patterns. These findings thus contribute to understanding the variables that determine patterns of medusan vertical migratory behavior.
Hydrological and biogeochemical features of the Northern Adriatic Sea in the period 2003–2006
Authors: Socal Giorgio , Acri Francesco , Bastianini Mauro , Bernardi Aubry Fabrizio , Bianchi Franco , Cassin Daniele , Coppola Joan , De Lazzari Amelia , Bandelj Vinko , Cossarini Gianpiero , Solidoro Cosimo 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper reports on the main biogeochemical properties of the Northern Adriatic Sea in the period May 2003–November 2006 within the framework of the European program INTERREG III Italy‐Slovenia. Spatial and temporal distributions of water density, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and silicon) and chlorophyll a are presented. Multivariate methods such as fuzzy k‐means, self‐organising maps and cluster analysis were used to identify the different water masses and to characterise the temporal and spatial variability of the main biogeochemical features present in the area. The results confirm that the Po River outflows and the meteorological forcing factors are the main components triggering the alternation of stratification and mixing of the water column and that strongly affect the trophic state of the basin. In general, oligotrophic conditions dominate, and were more pronounced offshore, but mesotrophy occurred episodically in May 2004 and July 2005, when phytoplankton blooms were observed concomitant with vertical stability of the water column. A marked interannual variability was also observed, supporting the importance of maintaining long‐term observations of the basin.
Immunohistochemistry Diagnosis of an Ovarian Dysgerminoma in One Bitch
Authors: Park JK , Goo MJ , Hong IH , Ki MR , Han JY , Jeong KS 
Published: November 2008

ContentsAn ovarian enlargement (diameter, 8 cm) was identified and surgically excised from a 5‐year‐old female dog. Microscopic examination of the multinodular neoplasm revealed sheets of polygonal neoplastic cells with large nuclei, frequent mitosis, necrosis and haemorrhage. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and alkaline phosphatase but were negative for CD3, CD79a, cytokeratin, alpha‐fetoprotein, inhibin‐α and S‐100. The histopathological diagnosis of the mass was unilateral ovarian dysgerminoma.
Impaired extinction of learned fear in rats selectively bred for high anxiety – evidence of altered neuronal processing in prefrontal‐amygdala pathways
Authors: Muigg Patrik , Hetzenauer Alfred , Hauer Gabriele , Hauschild Markus , Gaburro Stefano , Frank Elisabeth , Landgraf Rainer , Singewald Nicolas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe impaired extinction of acquired fear is a core symptom of anxiety disorders, such as post‐traumatic stress disorder, phobias or panic disorder, and is known to be particularly resistant to existing pharmacotherapy. We provide here evidence that a similar relationship between trait anxiety and resistance to extinction of fear memory can be mimicked in a psychopathologic animal model. Wistar rat lines selectively bred for high (HAB) or low (LAB) anxiety‐related behaviour were tested in a classical cued fear conditioning task utilizing freezing responses as a measure of fear. Fear acquisition was similar in both lines. In the extinction trial, however, HAB rats showed a marked deficit in the attenuation of freezing responses to repeated auditory conditioned stimulus presentations as compared with LAB rats, which exhibited rapid extinction. To gain information concerning the putatively altered neuronal processing associated with the differential behavioural response between HAB and LAB rats, c‐Fos expression was investigated in the main prefrontal‐amygdala pathways important for cued fear extinction. HAB compared to LAB rats showed an attenuated c‐Fos response to repeated conditioned stimulus presentations in infralimbic and cingulate cortices, as well as in the lateral amygdala, but facilitated the c‐Fos response in the medial part of the central amygdala. In conclusion, the present results support the notion that impaired extinction in high anxiety rats is accompanied by an aberrant activation profile in extinction‐relevant prefrontal‐amygdala circuits. Thus, HAB rats may represent a clinically relevant model to study the mechanisms and potential targets to accelerate delayed extinction processes in subjects with enhanced trait anxiety.
Light responses in the mouse retina are prolonged upon targeted deletion of the HCN1 channel gene
Authors: Knop Gabriel C. , Seeliger Mathias W. , Thiel Frank , Mataruga Anja , Kaupp U. Benjamin , Friedburg Christoph , Tanimoto Naoyuki , Müller Frank 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHyperpolarization‐activated and cyclic nucleotide‐gated (HCN) channels contribute to pacemaker activity, and co‐determine the integrative behaviour of neurons and shape their response to synaptic stimulation. Four channel isoforms, HCN1–4, have been described in mammals. Recent studies showed particularly strong expression of HCN1 channels in rods and cones of the rat retina, suggesting that HCN1 channels are involved in the shaping of light responses in both types of photoreceptors. Therefore, the loss of HCN1 channels should lead to pronounced changes in light‐induced electrical responses under both scotopic and photopic conditions. This was tested using a mouse transgenic approach. We used immunohistochemistry and patch‐clamp recording to study the distribution of HCN1 channels in the mouse retina. HCN1 channels were strongly expressed in rod and cone photoreceptors, as well as in some bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cell types. In electroretinograms (ERGs) from animals in which the HCN1 channel gene had been knocked out, the b‐wave amplitudes were unaltered (scotopic conditions) or somewhat reduced (photopic conditions), whereas the duration of both scotopic and photopic ERG responses was strikingly prolonged. Our data suggest that in visual information processing, shortening and shaping of light responses by activation of HCN1 at the level of the photoreceptors is an important step in both scotopic and photopic pathways.
Persistent behavioral impairments and neuroinflammation following global ischemia in the rat
Authors: Langdon Kristopher D. , Granter‐Button Shirley , Corbett Dale 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCognitive deficits associated with cardiac arrest have been well documented; however, the corresponding deficits in animal models of global ischemia have not been comprehensively assessed, particularly after long‐term, clinically relevant survival times. We exposed male Sprague–Dawley rats to 10 min of bilateral carotid artery occlusion + systemic hypotension (40–45 mmHg) or sham surgery, and used histopathological assessments for short‐term survival animals (16 days) and both behavioral and histopathological assessments for long‐term survival animals (270 days). Analyses revealed significant long‐term deficits in ischemic animals’ learning, memory (T‐maze, radial arm maze), working memory (radial arm maze), and reference memory (Morris water maze, radial arm maze) abilities that were not associated with a general cognitive decline. Histological results showed significant increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein, neuron glia 2, OX‐42 and ED‐1 staining, as well as significant decreases in microtubule‐associated protein 2 staining and cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) cell counts 16 days post‐ischemia. The pattern at 270 days was similar, but notably there was a persistent elevation of ED‐1 staining, suggesting recent cell death as well as significant atrophy of CA1. Whereas previous work has primarily reported transient changes in behavior after global ischemia, this study describes disturbances in several different functional domains following CA1 cell loss at clinically relevant survival times. Moreover, the histopathological outcome is suggestive of a spontaneous repopulation of CA1, but this was not sufficient to offset the behavioral impairments arising from the ischemic insult.
The Wage Effects of Computer Use: Evidence from WERS 2004
Authors: Dolton Peter , Pelkonen Panu 
Published: November 2008

AbstractComputers and ICT have changed the way we live and work. The latest Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS) 2004 provides a snapshot of how using ICT has revolutionized the workplace. Various studies have suggested that the use of a computer at work boosted earnings by as much as 20 per cent. Others suggest this reported impact is due to unobserved heterogeneity. Using excellent data from the WERS employer–employee matched sample, we compare ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates with those from alternative estimation methods and those which include controls for workplace and occupation interactions. We show that OLS estimates overstate the return to computer use but that including occupation and workplace controls, reduces the return to around 3 per cent. We explore the return on different IT skills and find a small return to the use of the ‘office IT function’ and the intensity of computer use as measured by the number of tasks a computer is used for.
The Influence of Stock Market Listing on Human Resource Management: Evidence for France and Britain
Authors: Conway Neil , Deakin Simon , Konzelmann Suzanne , Petit Héloïse , Rebérioux Antoine , Wilkinson Frank 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe use data from the Relations Professionnelles et Négociations d'Entreprise survey of 2004 and the Workplace Employment Relations Survey of 2004 to analyse how far approaches to human resource management differ according to whether an establishment is part of a company with a stock exchange listing. In both countries we find that listing is positively associated with teamworking and performance‐related pay, while in France, but not in Britain, it is also linked to worker autonomy and training. Our findings are inconsistent with the claim that shareholder pressure operates as a constraint on the adoption of high‐performance workplace practices. The pattern is similar in the two countries, but with a slightly stronger tendency for listing to be associated with high‐performance workplace practices in France.
Is There a Public Sector Training Advantage? Evidence from the Workplace Employment Relations Survey
Authors: Murphy Philip , Latreille Paul L. , Jones Melanie , Blackaby David 
Published: November 2008

AbstractUsing matched employer–employee data from the Workplace Employment Relations Survey (2004), we find a significant training ‘advantage’ exists for public sector workers over private sector workers even after accounting for differences in the composition of the two workforces. This finding is robust to all but one change in specification, designed to account for worker sorting effects which can lead to unobserved workplace‐based effects being correlated with individual worker characteristics. Using the average characteristics of workers within an establishment as a control for these sorting effects all but eliminates the estimated public sector training advantage, which has otherwise been an empirical regularity of many individual‐based training models.
How Does Workplace Monitoring Affect the Gender Wage Differential? Analysis of the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings and the 2004 Workplace Employment Relations Survey — A Research Note
Authors: Davies Rhys , Welpton Richard 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis paper outlines the development of a new data source that combines workplace information from the Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS) with employee data from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). Illustrative analysis of the gender wage differential demonstrates how the inclusion of additional workplace characteristics collected from WERS can be utilized to understand better‐observed patterns in earnings within ASHE. Analysis reveals that monitoring gender equality at the workplace is not associated with a reduction in the gender wage gap. Matching WERS/ASHE provides the opportunity to investigate a wider range of workplace phenomena than would be possible based only upon the WERS Survey of Employees.
Changing the subject – about cousin marriage, among other things*
Authors: Kuper Adam 
Published: November 2008

The original sin of anthropology was to divide the world into civilized and savage. The social systems of all those other peoples supposedly rested upon a foundation of blood relationships. Anthropologists therefore became at once the experts on the primitive and on kinship. In the 1970s Western kinship systems began to undergo radical change. Simultaneously, the old orthodoxies about kinship crumbled in anthropology. Young ethnographers generally lost interest in the topic. Kinship systems have nevertheless not gone away, out there in the world. But to understand them we must first abandon the opposition between the modern and the traditional, the West and the Rest.RésuméLe péché originel de l’anthropologie fut de diviser le monde en « civilisé » et « sauvage », en partant du principe que les systèmes sociaux des autres reposaient sur des fondations constituées par les liens du sang. Les anthropologues devinrent ainsi à la fois les experts des primitifs et de la parenté. Dans les années 1970, les systèmes de parenté occidentaux ont amorcé des changements radicaux. Dans le même temps, les vieilles orthodoxies anthropologiques relatives à la parenté ont commencéà s’effriter, et les jeunes ethnographes se sont pour la plupart désintéressés du sujet. Les systèmes de parenté n’ont pas disparu pour autant dans le monde mais il faut, pour les comprendre, renoncer d’abord à l’opposition entre modernité et tradition, entre l'Occident et le reste du monde.
Engaging the spirits of the dead: soul‐calling rituals and the performative construction of efficacy
Authors: Endres Kirsten W. 
Published: November 2008

Focusing on the issue of ritual efficacy in relation to the prior intentions (or agendas) of the ritual agents, this article probes the usefulness of Humphrey and Laidlaw's concept of ‘ritualized action as non‐intentional mode of behaviour’. The article describes and analyses a specific set of Vietnamese commemorative rites held with the purpose of communicating with the souls of the dead and smoothing the deification process of ten young heroines of the Vietnam War. The article contends that ritual efficacy emerges from the dialogic and interactive nature of ritual performance in which the enactment of the agents' intentions is a crucial factor.RésuméEn s’appuyant sur la question de l’efficacité des rituels par rapport aux intentions (ou programmes) préalables des agents rituels, l’auteure évalue ici l’utilité du concept « d’action ritualisée comme mode de comportement non intentionnel » de Humphrey et Laidlaw. Elle décrit et analyse un ensemble spécifique de rites commémoratifs vietnamiens, pratiqués dans le but de communiquer avec les âmes des morts et de faciliter le processus de déification de dix jeunes héroïnes de la guerre du Vietnam. L’auteure affirme que l’efficacitéémerge de la nature logique et dialogique des pratiques rituelles, dans lesquelles la mise en scène des intentions des agents est un facteur essentiel.
Divergent visions: localist and cosmopolitan identities in highland Sardinia
Authors: Sorge Antonio 
Published: November 2008

This article examines the distinctions between two polysemic social categories – localists and cosmopolitans – in the highland village of Orgosolo in Sardinia, Italy. The analysis proceeds from an assumption of the inherent internal contradictoriness and diversity of cultural systems, and focuses on how seemingly incommensurable norms and values are articulated, embodied, and symbolized in day‐to‐day practice. Following a presentation of the historical dimensions and numerous elements inherent in the distinction between the categories of localist and cosmopolitan, I argue that a partial rapprochement is achieved through a widely shared sense of village identity that centres upon an image of Orgosolo as inimitable and unique.RésuméL’auteur examine les distinctions entre deux catégories sociales polysémiques (localistes et cosmopolites) dans le village montagnard d’Orgosolo, en Sardaigne (Italie). Son analyse part de l’hypothèse que les systèmes culturels sont intrinsèquement contradictoires et divers, et se concentre sur la manière dont des normes apparemment incommensurables sont articulées, incarnées et symbolisées dans la pratique quotidienne. Après une présentation des dimensions historiques et de nombreux éléments inhérents à la distinction entre les catégories localiste et cosmopolite, l’auteur affirme qu’un rapprochement partiel est rendu possible par un sens largement partagé de l’identité du village, centré sur une image d’Orgosolo comme un lieu inimitable et unique.