bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical leadership behaviors of senior managers perceived by the junior managers working in public hospitals in Hail, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Badr K. Aldhmadi  , Kumar Rakesh , Bilesha Perera  , Mohammad A. Algarni  , Sage Mesias Raguindin  , Ammar A. Attar  , Guidoume Ahmed  
Published: April 2024

Objective: To examine junior managers experiences of ethical leadership behaviors exhibited by their senior managers.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 263 junior health care managers working in public hospitals in Hail, Saudi Arabia were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire between 20 November, 2022 and 15 February, 2023. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were employed in the analysis. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used to conduct statistical analyses.
Results: The sample consisted of 118 men (44.9%) and the majority (66.6%) of the respondents were below the age of 36 years. In case of working environment, nearly 84% of the participants were satisfied with the relationships that they have had with their supervisors. Regression analysis indicate that women were more likely than men to experience healthy ethical leadership behaviors of their seniors (β = -0.163, p < 0.05). Ethical leadership behaviors of senior health care managers would not influence by the age or work experience of their juniors.
Conclusion: Ethical leadership behavior of senior health care managers was satisfactory. Longitudinal research is needed to investigate how cultural and environmental factors affect the ethical leadership behavior of healthcare managers in Saudi Arabia.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8996
How to cite this: Aldhmadi BK, Kumar R, Perera B, Algarni MA, Raguindin SM, Attar AA, et al. Ethical leadership behaviors of senior managers perceived by the junior managers working in public hospitals in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.8996
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Wars, Conflicts & Mental Health
Authors: Javed Afzal 
Published: April 2024

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9505
How to cite this: Javed A. Wars, Conflicts & Mental Health. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9505
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transverse Myelitis as a Presenting Symptom of Celiac Disease
Authors: Moore Megan Elizabeth , Talat Fawad , Talanian Michael , Allison Harmony 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Celiac disease (CD) is associated with several neurological diseases. We report a case of a 25-year-old man with CD that was discovered during hospitalization for acute transverse myelitis. The diagnosis of CD was suspected after positive serological tests and was confirmed with duodenal biopsy. Steroid pulse therapy and plasma exchange stabilized the patient's condition. The patient started a gluten-free diet and rituximab therapy before discharge. Although the association of CD with various neurological diseases is well established, this case report describes a less explored association between CD and transverse myelitis.
Recommendations for blood sampling in emergency departments from the European Society for Emergency Medicine (EUSEM), European Society for Emergency Nursing (EuSEN), and European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase. Executive summary
Authors: Garcia-Castrillo Luis , Cadamuro Janne , Dodt Christoph , Lauwaert Door , Hachimi-Idrissi Said , Van Der Linden Christien , Bergs Jochen , Costelloe Sean , Grossmann Florian , Koca Ayca , Palomäki Ari , Ruiz Jose Luis , Stonys Ricardas , Thorsteinsdottir Thordís Katrín , von Meyer Alexander , Vermeersch Pieter , Abellas Alvarez Maria Concepción , Eker Pinar , Golea Adela , Kurland Lisa , Lippi Giuseppe , Zhilenkova Yulia , Sehmi Kawaldip 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Aim
Blood Sampling Guidelines have been developed to target European emergency medicine-related professionals involved in the blood sampling process (e.g. physicians, nurses, phlebotomists working in the ED), as well as laboratory physicians and other related professionals. The guidelines population focus on adult patients. The development of these blood sampling guidelines for the ED setting is based on the collaboration of three European scientific societies that have a role to play in the preanalytical phase process: EuSEN, EFLM, and EUSEM. The elaboration of the questions was done using the PICO procedure, literature search and appraisal was based on the GRADE methodology. The final recommendations were reviewed by an international multidisciplinary external review group.

Results
The document includes the elaborated recommendations for the selected sixteen questions. Three in pre-sampling, eight regarding sampling, three post-sampling, and two focus on quality assurance. In general, the quality of the evidence is very low, and the strength of the recommendation in all the questions has been rated as weak. The working group in four questions elaborate the recommendations, based mainly on group experience, rating as good practice.

Conclusions
The multidisciplinary working group was considered one of the major contributors to this guideline. The lack of quality information highlights the need for research in this area of the patient care process. The peculiarities of the emergency medical areas need specific considerations to minimise the possibility of errors in the preanalytical phase.
Energy management system for a small town to enhance quality of life
Authors: Elbarassi Fatma , Alouri Yara , Qusef Abdallah D. , Alsalhi Najeh Rajeh , Murad Sharefa , Al-Dawoodi Aras 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The study proposes a simplified energy management system (EMS) that can be a useful tool for small towns with a majority of middle-class residents who are looking to improve their quality of life while lowering energy expenditures and having a smaller environmental effect. This article examines the advantages of setting up an EMS in a small community and offers guidance on how to do so. The system is composed of a wind turbine and a gas turbine. The latter can be fueled either from natural gas or from biogas. The system has been implemented in Matlab/Simulink and executed with real-world data that is publicly available. The research presented in this article can assist small towns in developing an environmentally friendly EMS that will improve citizens’ quality of life, where the results have shown continuity of service for the system over many hours with cheap or even free electricity.
Seismic analysis of RC building with plan irregularity in Baghdad/Iraq to obtain the optimal behavior
Authors: Hasan Hussein Hakim , Arif Weaam Majeed , Sulaiman Emadaldeen Abdulameer 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A study was conducted for four-story reinforced concrete (RC) structure existing in Baghdad-Iraq (residential building) to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the equivalent lateral force procedure (ELFP) analysis and the response spectrum model (RSA) according to Iraqi seismic code (ISC 2016) for designing and analyzing irregular buildings. The building was classified as an irregular in plan according to American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE 7-16). The seismic behavior of the building was investigated by verifying many parameters: the ratio of shear demand to shear strength on the columns (

V

V

/

V

n

{V}_{n}

), internal force (bending moment, shear force, and axial force) for beams and columns, and the inter-story drift ratio (IDR) obtained from the (ELFP and RSA); then, the results were compared with the nonlinear static procedure (NSP) and the nonlinear dynamic procedure (NDP) according to ASCE 7-16. Also, this study investigated the effects of the higher modes in the plan (roof plan displacement). From the results, it can be concluded that ELFP and RSA are not a suitable analysis for asymmetric structures and should use appropriate methods such as the NSP and NDP.
Couple effects of multi-impact damage and CAI capability on NCF composites
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Yan Shi , Jiang Lili , Fan Tiancong , Zhai Junjun , Li Hanhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, the mechanical properties of non-crimp fabric (NCF) composite laminates under low-velocity impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests were studied by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. The impact response under different impact times, impact angles, and impact distance is studied. Similarly, in CAI test, DIC technique is used to reveal the whole process of NCF composite compression failure, and SEM is used to reveal the microscopic failure form. The experimental results show that the impact damage process of NCF composites has strong directivity. The concrete manifestation is that the internal failure will extend along the paving direction at the failure layer. The peak load generated under 20 J impact energy is about 1/2 of that under 40 J impact energy. The impact distance is one of the important factors affecting the coupling effect of multiple impacts, and the impact angle has little effect on the internal damage extension. The proportion of internal damage area also supports the relevant view, that is, the average difference in the proportion of internal damage area under different impact distance is about 5%, while the average difference in the proportion of internal damage area under different impact angles is about 3%. During the compression process, the main failure mode is shear failure and the failure mode is brittle fracture. The oblique fracture occurs only when the oblique is 45° and the impact distance is large (50 mm). The impact angle has little effect on the residual compression performance of NCF.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel ternary magnetic composite for the enhanced adsorption capacity to remove organic dyes
Authors: Osman Haitham , Alsaiari Norah Salem , Amari Abdelfattah , Tahoon Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Using an easy mechanical agitation process at room temperature, a metal–organic framework (MOF) based on metallic Zn(ii), organic linker benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (Zn-BTC), Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and nanocellulose are combined to create a novel composite material called Fe3O4/NC/MOF. Various tools were used to characterize the created composite. Congo red, Basic Blue 54 (BB 54), Basic Violet 14 (BV 14), and Acid red 88 (AR 88) dyes were effectively eliminated from water using Fe3O4/NC/MOF. A number of variables were investigated, including pH, temperature, contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dosage. To understand the specific adsorption process, a number of kinetic models were used, including the intra-particle diffusion model, Elovich’s kinetic model, pseudo-first-order, and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The most accurate description of dye sorption kinetics comes from the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also, the Langmuir model is more accurate to describe isotherms than Freundlich and Temkin models. Furthermore, thermodynamic parameters were obtained and examined, including enthalpy (ΔH), Gibbs free energy (ΔG), and entropy (ΔS). After four cycles, the Fe3O4/NC/MOF demonstrated good recyclability. According to experimental research, this adsorbent is promising to enhance the quality of environmental water that has been tainted with organic dyes.
Cerebral autoregulation, spreading depolarization, and implications for targeted therapy in brain injury and ischemia
Authors: Carlson Andrew P. , Mayer Andrew R. , Cole Chad , van der Horn Harm J. , Marquez Joshua , Stevenson Taylor C. , Shuttleworth C. William 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Cerebral autoregulation is an intrinsic myogenic response of cerebral vasculature that allows for preservation of stable cerebral blood flow levels in response to changing systemic blood pressure. It is effective across a broad range of blood pressure levels through precapillary vasoconstriction and dilation. Autoregulation is difficult to directly measure and methods to indirectly ascertain cerebral autoregulation status inherently require certain assumptions. Patients with impaired cerebral autoregulation may be at risk of brain ischemia. One of the central mechanisms of ischemia in patients with metabolically compromised states is likely the triggering of spreading depolarization (SD) events and ultimately, terminal (or anoxic) depolarization. Cerebral autoregulation and SD are therefore linked when considering the risk of ischemia. In this scoping review, we will discuss the range of methods to measure cerebral autoregulation, their theoretical strengths and weaknesses, and the available clinical evidence to support their utility. We will then discuss the emerging link between impaired cerebral autoregulation and the occurrence of SD events. Such an approach offers the opportunity to better understand an individual patient’s physiology and provide targeted treatments.
Un camp éducatif estival pour élèves allophones récemment immigré·e·s : échos d’une expérience en milieu communautaire à Montréal
Authors: Lafortune Gina , Amireault Valérie , Gauthier Charles , Dutil Rachelle , Dorcelus Cetoute Célimène 
Published: April 2024

Cet article présente l’expérience d’un camp d’été éducatif pour élèves allophones récemment immigré·e·s mis en œuvre par l’organisme communautaire le Centre Lasallien St-Michel à Montréal durant l’été 2021. Partant du constat que ces élèves perdaient certains acquis linguistiques durant la période estivale, le camp avait pour objectif de les soutenir durant l’été afin qu’ils et elles soient mieux préparé·e·s pour les apprentissages au retour en classe et que leur intégration scolaire et sociale soit facilitée. L’équipe de recherche a accompagné le Centre Lasallien durant le projet et a cherché à mettre en lumière les pratiques et les activités linguistiques et socioculturelles les plus efficientes pour les élèves.
Shared service centers in the Central and Eastern Europe: Theoretical framework
Authors: Ferencikova Sonia , Grachová Dagmar 
Published: April 2024

Shared services centers (SSC) are widely used by multinational corporations as a part of their business strategies. The attention of researchers in international business has increased along with the growth of SSCs and this topic is currently being studied by a number of authors. In this article we focused on the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in order to construct a structured evaluation of the extremely dispersed literature on SSCs in this region. A meta-analysis of the relevant literature sources has been the fundamental technique employed in this paper based on the analysis of the WoS, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, and Emerald Insights databases. The results show that Poland is the most researched country, with Central Europe being studied more thoroughly than Eastern Europe. Relevant literature study shows that the researchers systematically investigated the motivations of foreign companies to create SSCs in CEE and focused frequently on human resources management part of their activities. They use a variety of techniques in their articles, including both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Based on this study, the authors of this paper formulate the conclusions and outline possible future prospects of the research of this phenomenon.
Navigating fintech innovation: Performance, trust, and risk factors in UAE's banking sector
Authors: Elsaman Hosam , Dayanandan Ramya , Dawood Zulkiflee , Al Akrabi Saleh 
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to identify the determinants of fintech adoption in UAE financial service firms, specifically in the banking sector. Towards this direction, the study identified a set of factors such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, perceived trust, and perceived risk as the factors affecting fintech innovation adoption. The data for this study was primary in nature; the sample used consisted of 330 managers from UAE financial services firms. Factor analysis and regression analysis were performed to arrive at the study results, which confirmed that fintech adoption has a significant positive impact on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and perceived trust, but it has a significant negative impact on perceived risk. The results of the study recommend training employees and engaging customers for better adoption of fintech technology.
Maternal blood lead level and its impact on cord blood hematological parameters
Authors: Gorgadze N. T. , Ungiadze Ju. Yu. , Akhvlediani L. T. , Ungiadze D. D. , Baziari V. O. , Lomauri Kh. N. , Kokaia N. Zh. , Giorgobiani M. Sh. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. More than 13 annual million deaths are caused by environmental pollutants worldwide. Urbanization, population growth, industrialization and globalization affect our lives both positively and negatively. Women can become lead exposed through occupational and environmental sources. Once lead enters the body, it is mainly deposited in diverse organs: brain, kidneys, liver and bones. The body stores lead mainly in the bones, where it accumulates over time that may be further released into the bloodstream during pregnancy, thus posing a threat to growing fetus. Aim: to examine a lead impact on newborn hematological parameters during perinatal period. Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study with 306 pregnant women and paired newborns was carried out. Peripheral blood lead level (BLL) in pregnant and postpartum women was analyzed by using the atomic-absorption spectrophotometry method. Blood specimens were collected for analysis in the third trimester of pregnancy. Newborns hemoglobin concentration (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCHC) in erythrocytes was also assessed. Results. We have detected a statistically significant decrease of MCHC in babies born to mothers with BLL > 0.24 µmol/L vs. BLL < 0.24 µmol/L. This difference may indicate a decline in hemoglobin fetal production caused by lead intoxication. Conclusion. Study corroborates an idea that pregnant women with occupational or environmental lead exposure should be monitored for BLL, which should not exceed 0.24 µmol/L during pregnancy.
Reviewing the mechanism of action and results of clinical studies on the antifungal drug ibrexafungerp
Authors: Tagirova L. I. , Farvazova K. R. , Valeeva D. R. , Orlova M. D. , Gubaidullin I. A. , Tulyabaeva A. M. , Abdulmanova A. R. , Tryapko R. V. , Shelyginsky D. A. , Khanafieva A. R. , Semenova N. G. , Takiullin E. M. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an extremely common pathology of the female genital organs, leading to a long-term recurrent course and multiple complications. Although currently it is widely known about developing antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens, it is necessary to remember about similar phenomenon observed in other groups of infectious agents. In this regard, fungal infection also requires development of new therapeutic techniques and medicinal antifungal drugs, such as ibrexafungerp. Aim: to analyze available publications revealing the mechanism of action, efficacy, antifungal spectrum and results of clinical trials for a new oral antifungal drug ibrexafungerp. Materials and Methods. A search for publications in the electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary and ClinicalTrials.gov, published over the last 25 years was conducted using the following keywords in Russian and English: “candidiasis”, “vulvovaginal candidiasis”, “antifungal drugs”, “ibrexafungerp”, “clinical trials”, “mechanism of action”. Articles were assessed according to PRISMA guidelines. The titles and abstracts of identified publications were independently reviewed to retrieve relevant full text studies. After the selection procedure, 46 articles were included in the review. Results. This review provides information on the creation of the drug ibrexafungerp, its mechanism of action, the activity against a relatively wide range of pathogens, as well as the results from 13 ongoing and completed clinical trials in patients with fungal infection. Conclusion. The analysis of ibrexafungerp-related clinical studies showed its good oral bioavailability, high antifungal efficacy, so that its one-day dosage may further eliminate a need for unnecessarily long hospitalization and complex dosing schedules, thereby increasing adherence to therapy and odds for treatment success.
Human capital spillovers and plant productivity in ASEAN: Evidence from the plant panel data
Authors: Rindimajangga Muhammad Arditya 
Published: April 2024

This paper examines whether local human capital spillovers can affect plant productivity in three Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries using panel data from the World Bank enterprise survey between 2009 and 2015. According to the literature, spillovers in the form of human capital are critical for economic growth. The spillovers exist if plants can produce more in the region with the abundant number of skilled workers given their inputs. This study uses the augmented Cobb-Douglas production function to evaluate the influence of the non-production worker proportion outside the plant which serves as a proxy for skilled workers. The findings indicate that plant production is impacted by spillovers of human capital. This study finds that a 1 percentage point increase in the proportion of nonproduction workers within a region will enhance the productivity of plants in all regions by roughly 7.1–8.9 percent. Moreover, productivity rises are found to be higher for low-tech plants. According to the economic significance of these spillover effects, the value-added per plant will rise by US$ 330,000 or US$ 866.75 million for the manufacturing sector as a whole. According to the findings, policymakers should encourage plants to provide workers with additional training and raise the level of human capital through education.
Nutritional evaluation and GC–MS analysis of bioactive compounds present in methanol extracts of dried fruit pericarp of garcinia pedunculata Roxb
Authors: Brahma Jonali , Islary Anuck , Ray Subhajit 
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to assess the nutritional and phytochemical properties of methanol extracts derived from the dried fruit pericarp of Garcinia pedunculata. Samples of the plant were obtained from the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR), Assam, India due to the lack of study findings on Garcinia pedunculata from this region in the existing literature. Nutritional evaluation has revealed that Garcinia pedunculata is a notable source of various nutrients including fibre (15.67 ± 0.05 g/100g), protein (3.97 ± 0.06 g/100g), carbohydrates (80.10 ± 2.48 g/100g) and ascorbic acid (98.16 ± 4.46 mg/100g). Furthermore, the results of the gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) of the methanol extract revealed a diverse range of chemical compounds with both high and low molecular weight. GC-MS analysis showed bioactive compounds like cyclopentanecarboxylicacid, 2-oxo-, ethyl ester with a peak area of 23.60%followed by 1,3- dioxepane, 2-pentadecyl- with a peak area of 22.39%followed by N-[Carboxymethyl ]maleamic acid with a peak area of 10.37%and butanedioic acid,3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl, dimethyl ester, (R) with a peak area of 10.91%. The extracts exhibit significant amount of various naturally occurring bioactive compounds. Therefore, the existence of potential bioactive compounds and nutritional constituents can be suitably exploited for future studies.