bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Trial of CHOP Chemotherapy Followed by Tositumomab/Iodine I-131 Tositumomab for Previously Untreated Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Five-Year Follow-Up of Southwest Oncology Group Protocol S9911
Authors: Press Oliver W. , Unger Joseph M. , Braziel Rita M. , Maloney David G. , Miller Thomas P. , LeBlanc Michael , Fisher Richard I. 
Published: August 2006

Purpose Advanced follicular lymphoma (FL) is incurable with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and optimal front-line management is controversial. This study was performed to determine the efficacy of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy followed by tositumomab/iodine I-131 tositumomab. Patients and Methods From 1999 to 2000, the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) conducted a phase II trial (S9911) to test a novel new regimen consisting of six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy followed 4 to 8 weeks later by tositumomab/iodine I-131 tositumomab in 90 eligible patients with previously untreated, advanced-stage FL. Results The overall response rate was 91%, including a 69% complete remission (CR) rate. After a median follow-up time of 5.1 years, the estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 87%, and the progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 67%. The 5-year estimates of OS and PFS were each 23% better (absolute difference) than the corresponding figures for patients treated on previous SWOG protocols with CHOP alone. An analysis according to the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index showed that 21% of patients had high-risk features, 44% had intermediate-risk features, and 34% had low-risk features. High-risk patients had worse OS than lower risk patients (P = .05), but differences in PFS were not statistically significant (P = .21). Serial monitoring of the t(14;18) translocation in bone marrow by polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that 32 of 38 informative patients obtained molecular CRs, including seven patients (18%) after CHOP and 24 additional patients (63%) after tositumomab/iodine I-131 tositumomab. (The timing of conversion of one patient was unclear.) Conclusion A prospective, phase III, randomized Intergroup Trial is currently underway comparing the efficacy of the promising CHOP + tositumomab/iodine I-131 tositumomab regimen with the efficacy of CHOP + rituximab.
DNA-Repair Gene Polymorphisms Predict Favorable Clinical Outcome Among Patients With Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Treated With Cisplatin-Based Induction Chemotherapy
Authors: Quintela-Fandino Miguel , Hitt Ricardo , Medina Pedro P. , Gamarra Soledad , Manso Luis , Cortes-Funes Hernan , Sanchez-Cespedes Montserrat 
Published: August 2006

Purpose Cisplatin kills tumor cells through DNA cross linking. Alterations in the function of DNA repair genes may affect DNA repair proficiency and influence cancer patients' response to cisplatin. We studied whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DNA repair genes predict the response to cisplatin or prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Methods A polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) approach was used to determine the frequency of the SNPs: XPD-Asp312Asn, XPD-Lys751Gln, ERCC1-C8092A, and XRCC1-Arg399Gln in DNA from peripheral lymphocytes of 103 stage IV SCCHN patients. Results The frequencies of the distinct genotypes were, respectively, for the homozygous common allele, heterozygous and homozygous polymorphic variant: 53%, 40%, and 7% for ERCC1; 50%, 42%, and 8% for XPD-312; 35%, 57%, and 8% for XPD751; and 35%, 51%, and 13% for XRCC1. Patients with only common alleles at all the SNPs tested had a median overall survival of 5.1 months (range, 4.3 to 6.0 months) as compared with not reached for patients with at least one polymorphic variant (P < .001). Estimates from Cox's multivariate analysis suggest that the accumulation of each polymorphic variant decreases the probability of dying by a factor of 2.1 (P < .001; the presence of seven polymorphic variants confers a 175-fold protection). The accumulation of polymorphic variants increases by 2.94-fold the probability of achieving a complete response to treatment (P = .041). Conclusion Using a multivariate model, the presence of polymorphic variants in DNA-repair genes are powerful prognosis factors and response to cisplatin predictors among SCCHN patients.
99mTc-Depreotide Scintigraphy Versus18F-FDG-PET in the Diagnosis of Radioiodine-Negative Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Rodrigues Margarida , Li Shuren , Gabriel Michael , Heute Dirk , Greifeneder Michaela , Virgolini Irene 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Background: Papillary and follicular thyroid cancer were found recently to express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). 99mTc-depreotide binds with high affinity to SSTRs 2, 3, and 5.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy to search for radioiodine-negative thyroid cancer; comparison is made to a standard approach using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET).
Patients and Methods: Ten radioiodine-negative patients with suspicion of recurrent or metastatic thyroid cancer were investigated with 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy and 18F-FDG-PET, performed with a time interval that ranged from 1–8 wk. Locoregional recurrence and metastases were confirmed by ultrasonography and/or computed tomography, together with cytology or histological examination in selected cases.
Results: True-positive results were obtained in nine patients (90%) with 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy and in seven patients (70%) with 18F-FDG-PET. 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy gave better results in terms of detection of recurrent or metastatic disease compared with 18F-FDG-PET in three patients, whereas 18F-FDG-PET identified metastatic disease that was not seen with 99mTc-depreotide in only one patient. 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy portrayed lesions in three patients with negative morphological imaging.
Conclusions: Results indicate a potential value of 99mTc-depreotide scintigraphy for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer in the setting of detectable thyroglobulin and negative radioiodine scan. Furthermore, 99mTc-depreotide adds complementary information regarding the SSTR status of lesions, which may be helpful for individual therapy planning in this group of patients, which is hard to manage clinically.
Midkine, a Heparin-Binding Growth Factor, Selectively Stimulates Proliferation of Definitive Zone Cells of the Human Fetal Adrenal Gland
Authors: Ishimoto Hitoshi , Muench Marcus O. , Higuchi Takayuki , Minegishi Kazuhiro , Tanaka Mamoru , Yoshimura Yasunori , Jaffe Robert B. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractContext: In the human fetal adrenal gland (HFA), the inner fetal zone (FZ) secretes dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. The function of the outer definitive zone (DZ) is less clear; however, the DZ phenotype is that of a reservoir of progenitor cells, many of which are mitotically active. Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor with various bioactivities.Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate expression, proliferative effects, and ACTH regulation of MK in the HFA.Design and Setting: RNA, cryosections, and primary cell cultures from HFAs (14–24 wk) and adult adrenal RNA were used.Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were MK mRNA levels (measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR); MK localization (measured by immunostaining); MK proliferative effects and mechanism (measured by proliferation assays, flow cytometry, pharmacological interventions); and ACTH regulation (measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR).Results: HFA MK mRNA levels were 4-fold higher than in adult adrenals (P &lt; 0.05) and were comparable to levels in fetal and adult brains (positive controls). MK immunoreactivity was abundant throughout the HFA. Exogenous MK caused proliferation of isolated DZ cells but not FZ cells (72 h, P &lt; 0.05). In contrast, basic fibroblast growth factor induced proliferation of cells from both zones. Pharmacological interventions indicated that MK-induced DZ cell proliferation may be mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, MAPK kinase, and Src family kinases. ACTH (1 nm) increased MK mRNA by 3.5-fold (48 h, P &lt; 0.01) in isolated FZ cells.Conclusions: MK likely plays a key role in HFA development. MK’s selective in vitro mitotic effects on DZ cells may provide insights into the mechanism underlying the distinct in vivo differences in mitotic activity between the DZ and FZ.
The Synthesis of Poly[N-(p-vinylbenzylidene)-t-butylamine N-oxide] and Characterizations of Reaction with Nitrogen Dioxide
Authors: Ren Jingzhu , Sakakibara Kazuhisa , Hirota Minoru 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Polymer-supported spin trap, poly[N-(p-vinylbenzylidene)-t-butylamine N-oxide] (polyPBN), was prepared by using p-chlorostyrene as a starting material, followed by Grignard reaction, condensation with t-butylamine, reduction, polymerization, and oxidation. The adsorption ability of NO2 by polyPBN was investigated in a closed-circulation system. PolyPBN maintains its original NO2 adsorbing ability in the mixed gas of nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide saturated with water vapor even after repeated (5 times) use. However, when the gaseous phase is freed from water, polyPBN exhibits less efficiency to adsorb NO2 and its adsorbing ability decreases gradually with the repeated use.
ESR Studies of the Displacement Adsorption Behavior of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Polystyrene System at the Solid–Liquid Interface
Authors: Kobayashi Kazutoshi , Dochi Atsuko , Yajima Hirofumi , Endo Ryuichi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The displacement adsorption behavior of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) system onto a nonporous silica surface from a carbon tetrachloride solution was studied by utilizing the ESR method. The fractions of train segments for these polymers were determined from ESR spectra analyses; these values were compared with those of the individual adsorption. When PS was preadsorbed onto silica surface and PMMA solutions of various concentrations were added, the amount of PS desorbed from silica surface was proportional to an increase in the initial concentration of the PMMA solution; at the final concentration, PS was completely replaced by PMMA. This phenomenon was due to the stronger interaction of PMMA with the silica surface arising from its polar character, and the greater hydrogen bonding ability. The amount of adsorption for PMMA, which saturated the silica surface, was lower than that when adsorbed on silica surface individually. The adsorbed PMMA formed a more compressed polymer layer compared with that for the case in which PMMA was adsorbed alone. The amount and conformation of the adsorbed PMMA were affected by the presence of PS in the solution.
127I Mössbauer Spectra of Diphenyliodonium Halides
Authors: Ikezawa Hidenori , Takahashi Masashi , Takeda Masuo , Ito Yasuo 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The 127I Mössbauer spectra have been obtained at 20 K for the diphenyliodonium halides, Ph2IX (X = Cl, Br) and their derivatives, (p-R–C6H4) IPhBr (R = CH3, CH3O, Cl, COOH and NO2). The valence electron populations of iodine are determined by the interactions with carbon atoms but not with bridging halogen atoms. The iodine–carbon bonds, having large p-character, are affected scarcely by the substituents at the para-position of the phenyl group. The large ηvalues for those compounds are explained in terms of a lone pair electrons on iodine(III) atoms.
Preparation, Crystal and Electronic Structures, and Electrical Resistivity of (BEDT-TTF)3Cl2.5(H5O2)
Authors: Mori Hatsumi , Hirabayashi Izumi , Tanaka Shoji , Maruyama Yusei 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The crystal and electronic structures and electrical resistivity of new chlorine complex, (BEDT-TTF)3Cl2.5(H5O2), were investigated. The two-dimensional donor sheet and the anion layer stack alternately along the b-axis. The packing pattern of donors is similar to that of (BEDT-TTF)3(ClO4)2 and the sharp metal-insulator transition was observed at 170 K. It is interesting that not only donor and anion but also the third component cation, H+, determines the 3/4-filled band structure.
Formation of SrSO4·1/2H2O in an SrSO4–H2O System and Its Solid Solution in a CaSO4–SrSO4–H2O System
Authors: Takahashi Satoshi , Seki Masanobu , Setoyama Katsumi 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In an SrSO4–H2O system the formation of a new compound of SrSO4·1/2H2O has been found by coprecipitation from solutions of Sr2+ and SO42−. This was found to have a similar crystal structure to CaSO4·1/2H2O of a hexagonal crystal system. The lattice constants thereof were calculated. It was also found that SrSO4·1/2H2O is not stable in water, but changes to a stable well-known orthorhombic anhydrous strontium sulfate. For a CaSO4–SrSO4–H2O system, a series of solid solutions of CaSO4·1/2H2O and SrSO4·1/2H2O was prepared, which had similar X-ray diffraction patterns to SrSO4·1/2H2O. These solid solutions were unstable in water, and converted with time to a mixture of stable anhydrous SrSO4 and CaSO4·2H2O.
Calatytic Mechanism and Activity of Bis(2,2′ : 6′,2″-terpyridine) rhodium(III) for the Reduction of NAD+ into NADH in a Photosensitized Reaction System
Authors: Umeda Keisuke , Nakamura Asao , Toda Fujio 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Rh(terpy)23+ was used as a reduction catalyst for NAD+ into NADH in a photosensitized reaction system containing Ru(bpy)32+ (as a photosensitizer) and TEOA (triethanolamine) (as an electron donor). At pH 7.7, an effective NADH-formation (1.04 mM (1 M = 1 mol dm−3)) was observed after 90 min of light-irradiation, whereas a low yield of NADH at pH 6.5 or pH 10.0 (0.1 and 0.21 mM respectively) was obtained after 90 min of irradiation. Although the electron donor activity of TEOA is likely to be dependent on the pH conditions, the photosensitized reaction in the TEOA–Ru(bpy)32+–Rh(terpy)23+ system showed little pH influence in that growth in the absorbance at 440 nm, since the reduction of Rh(terpy)23+ at pH 7.7 is ca. 1.5-fold as large as at pH 6.3. The main reason for the NADH-formation dependence on the pH was found to be caused by the dependence of the catalytic activity of the reduced form of Rh(terpy)23+ on the pH conditions. In addition, the IR spectrum of Rh(terpy)23+ reduced at pH 8.0 shows a peak due to rhodium-hydride stretching (2100 cm−1), whereas that Rh(terpy)23+ reduced at pH 10.0 and/or pH 6.5 shows no peak in that region of wavenumbers. These results indicate that the reduction of NAD+ into NADH in the photosensitized reaction system is catalyzed by Rh(terpy)23+ according to hydride-transfer route.
Synthesis of Cyclopent[a]azulenes and 1(3)-Methylenecyclopent[a]azulene Derivatives Having an Electron Withdrawing Group at the 9-Position
Authors: Yasunami Masafumi , Hioki Takanori , Kitamori Yoichiro , Kikuchi Ikue , Takase Kahei 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
1H- and 3H-Cyclopent[a]azulenes having an electron withdrawing group, such as a methoxycarbonyl or a cyano group, at the 9-position were synthesized from their dihydro compounds by means of bromination with NBS and succeeding dehydrobromination by refluxing in chloroform. Base-catalyzed condensation of these cyclopent[a]azulenes with carbonyl compounds afforded 1-methylene-1H- and 3-methylene-3H-cyclopent[a]azulene derivatives having an electron withdrawing group at the 9-position. The physical properties of these methylenecyclopent[a]azulenes are also discussed.
Efficient Preparation of (Z)-2-(5-Amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-[(fluoromethoxy)imino]acetic Acid
Authors: Kanai Takeo , Kai Yasunobu , Sato Nobuaki , Naito Toshihiko , Kamiya Takashi , Nakamura Takaharu , Ogura Katsuyuki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
(Z)-2-(5-Amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-[(fluoromethoxy)imino]acetic acid (2), a useful chemical modifier of cephalosporin antibiotics, was efficiently synthesized from 2-[(fluoromethoxy)imino]-1,3-propanedinitrile. The stereochemical structure of 2 was unambiguously determined by X-ray crystallography.
Synergistic Effects of 2,2′-Bipyridyl and Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(II) on Electroless Copper Plating from Triethanolamine Bath
Authors: Kondo Koji , Kojima Katsuaki , Ishida Nobumasa , Irie Masahiro 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The synergistic effects of 2,2′-bipyridyl and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) on the plating rate and the deposit quality were examined in the triethanolamine (TEA) electroless copper bath. The simultaneous addition of 2,2′-bipyridyl and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) enhanced not only the plating rate but also the foil quality. The elongation of the foil produced in the TEA bath containing these two additives was 10 times larger than that produced in the bath containing only 2,2′-bipyridyl. The analysis based on the adsorption model revealed that the simultaneous addition of 2,2′-bipyridyl and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) increases the respective adsorption equilibrium constants. From the analysis, the synergistic effects was attributed to the adsorption of 2,2′-bipyridyl and potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) on the surface with mutual interactions.
A Soap Bubble Model for Coalescence, Rearrangement, and Splitting Reactions of Fullerenes
Authors: Ohmae Takayuki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Coalescence, rearrangement, and splitting reactions of fullerenes are examined by use of a soap bubble model, where fullerenes are replaced by soap bubbles of a perfectly elastic body, to yield the predictions of the modes of these processes.
Formation of Uniform Lanthanum(III) Carbonate Hydroxide Particles in the Presence of 1,2-Ethanediamine and Their Conversion into Oxides
Authors: Hamada Shuichi , Kudo Yoshiyuki , Matsuda Hiroaki 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Uniform spherical particles of crystalline lanthanum(III) carbonate hydroxide were prepared by aging at 100 °C the corresponding 1,2-ethanediamine complex solution in the presence of carbonate ion under specified conditions. The latter anions were generated from a mild oxidation of the ligand with nitrate ions present. The carbonate hydroxide particles were completely converted into the oxides at 900 °C without deformation.
Molecular Electrostatic Potential Map Analysis of Metal Cation Interaction with Nucleophilic Molecules
Authors: Kikuchi Osamu , Yamaguchi Kaoru , Morihashi Kenji , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Nakayama Mitsunobu 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The interactions between metal cations, Li+, Na+, K+, Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Al3+ and nuleophilic molecules, NH3, H2O, HF, PH3, H2S, and HCl were calculated by the ab initio method with the MIDI-4 basis set and were analyzed on the basis of the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps of the nucleophilic molecules. The position where each cation is expected to be trapped by the nucleophilic molecule can fairly be estimated as the distance from the MEP minimum point using the ionic radius of the cation, irrespective of the nucleophiles and cations.
Hyponatremia Associated with Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitors in Older Adults
Authors: Jacob Susan , Spinier Sarah A 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To review the incidence, risk factors, mechanism, times of onset and resolution, and treatment of hyponatremia associated with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Data Sources: An English-language literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (1966–December 2005) using the search terms selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, hyponatremia, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline. Additional references were identified by reviewing bibliographies of articles retrieved. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant data were extracted from published reports, letters, and studies of humans with hyponatremia and/or syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secondary to SSRIs. All articles identified from data sources were reviewed for relevant information. Applicable information was included in this review. Data Synthesis: Numerous case reports, observational studies, and case-controlled studies, as well as one prospective clinical trial, have reported hyponatremia associated with SSRI use, with the incidence varying from 0.5% to 32%. Risk factors for the development of hyponatremia with SSRIs include older age, female gender, concomitant use of diuretics, low body weight, and lower baseline serum sodium concentration. In published reports, hyponatremia developed within the first few weeks of treatment and resolved within 2 weeks after therapy was discontinued. The mechanism by which SSRIs cause hyponatremia is thought to be secondary to development of SIADH. Treatment of isovolemia hypotonic hyponatremia associated with SSRI use includes water restriction and mild diuresis with a loop diuretic. More severe cases may be treated with higher doses of loop diuretics and hypertonic saline. There have been few reports of rechallenge with the same or another SSRI or substitution of another agent from a different therapeutic class. In some, but not all, cases hyponatremia recurred. Conclusions: Practitioners should be on the alert for this potentially life-threatening adverse event, especially in older adults with other risk factors for developing hyponatremia.
Drug Therapy Recommendations from the 2005 ACC/AHA Guidelines for Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Howard Patricia A , Cheng Judy WM , Crouch Michael A , Colucci Vincent J , Kalus James S , Spinier Sarah A , Munger Mark 
Published: August 2006

Objective: To review and discuss key aspects of the drug therapy recommendations in the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure (HF) in the Adult. Data Sources: Data were obtained from the ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for Chronic HF. English-language clinical trials, observational studies, and pertinent review articles evaluating the pharmacotherapy of chronic HF were identified, based on MEDLINE searches through January 2006. Study Selection: Articles presenting information that impacts the evidence base for recommendations regarding the use of various drug therapies in patients with chronic HF were evaluated. Data Synthesis: The ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for HF provides revised, evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of chronic HF. The new guidelines are based on a staging system that recognizes both the development and progression of HF. Recommendations are provided for 2 stages of patients (A and B) who do not yet have clinical HF but are clearly at risk and 2 stages (C and D) that include patients with symptomatic HF. The guidelines continue to emphasize the important role of neurohormonal blockade with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and aldosterone antagonists. Based on recent trials, updated recommendations address the roles of combination therapy and the selective addition of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate. Along with specific drug recommendations, information on the practical use of various drugs is provided. Although the guidelines primarily focus on HF due to systolic dysfunction, general recommendations are also provided for patients with preserved systolic function. Conclusions: The ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update provides evidence-based recommendations for healthcare professionals involved in the care of adults with chronic HF. Recent clinical trial findings have further clarified the evolving role of neurohormonal-blocking drugs in the prevention and treatment of HF.