bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancements and challenges in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays: diagnostic, pathophysiological, and clinical perspectives
Authors: Clerico Aldo , Zaninotto Martina , Aimo Alberto , Padoan Andrea , Passino Claudio , Fortunato Antonio , Galli Claudio , Plebani Mario 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in recent years, some important questions remain regarding the analytical performance, pathophysiological interpretation and clinical use of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and T (cTnT) measurements. Several recent studies have shown that a progressive and continuous increase in circulating levels of cTnI and cTnT below the cut-off value (i.e. the 99th percentile upper reference limit) may play a relevant role in cardiovascular risk assessment both in the general population and in patients with cardiovascular or extra-cardiac disease. International guidelines recommend the use of standardized clinical algorithms based on temporal changes in circulating cTnI and cTnT levels measured by high-sensitivity (hs) methods to detect myocardial injury progressing to acute myocardial infarction. Some recent studies have shown that some point-of-care assays for cTnI with hs performance ensure a faster diagnostic turnaround time and thus significantly reduce the length of stay of patients admitted to emergency departments with chest pain. However, several confounding factors need to be considered in this setting. A novel approach may be the combined assessment of laboratory methods (including hs-cTn assay) and other clinical data, possibly using machine learning methods. In the present document of the Italian Study Group on Cardiac Biomarkers, the authors aimed to discuss these new trends regarding the analytical, pathophysiological and clinical issues related to the measurement of cardiac troponins using hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT methods.
Analytical and clinical evaluations of Snibe Maglumi® S100B assay
Authors: Kahouadji Samy , Picard Laure , Bailly Defrance Valentin , Pereira Bruno , Bouvier Damien , Bouillon-Minois Jean-Baptiste , Sapin Vincent 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the analytical performances of Snibe Maglumi® S100 assay and compare it with the Roche Elecsys® S100B assay in adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) focusing on reducing unnecessary cranial computed tomography (CT) scans per Scandinavian and French guidelines.

Methods
Analytical performance of the Maglumi® S100 kit was assessed using quality controls from both Snibe and Roche, as well as pooled serums. Clinical performances were assessed using serum from 89 adult mTBI patients presenting to the adult emergency department of Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14–15. CT scans were performed according to the Elecsys® S100 measurement, with a decision threshold of 0.10 μg/L.

Results
Repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation determined using Elecsys® S100B, Maglumi® S100 controls and pooled serums were below 8 %. Six (7 %) mTBI patients included had clinically relevant intracranial lesions observed on CT scan (CT+), and eighty-three (93 %) patients had no lesions (CT-). S100B medians in CT- and CT+ patients were significantly different: 0.125 (0.085–0.219) vs. 0.368 (0.231–0.489) (p=0.006) for Elecsys®, and 0.073 (0.046–0.140) vs. 0.327 (0.230–0.353) for Maglumi® (p=0.004). The areas under the ROC curves for intracranial lesion detection were similar: 0.82 (0.73–0.91; p=0.0084) and 0.83 (0.75–0.92; p=0.0063) for Elecsys® and Maglumi®, respectively.

Conclusions
The Maglumi® S100B assay can be used in the management of mTBI patients to exclude unnecessary CT scans. Further studies are needed to validate a clinical decision threshold for CT scan decisions.
Effect of pH and Yb3+ doping concentration on the structure and upconversion luminescence properties of GdPO4:Er3+,Yb3+
Authors: Li Yanhong , Qi Jiaxing , Ma Jing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Upconversion luminescence materials hold significant promise for various applications, including lasers, solar cells, anti-counterfeiting technology, biological labeling, and sensor technology. GdPO4 stands out as a highly promising upconversion host material thanks to its exceptional chemical and thermal stability. While the upconversion luminescence properties of Er3+ and Yb3+ co-doped materials are indeed influenced by the crystal environment of rare earth ions within the matrix, the fundamental understanding of how pH and the high concentration of Yb3+ can ultimately affect these luminescence properties is still lacking. In this paper, we synthesized a series of GdPO4:Er3+, Yb3+ upconversion phosphors by a hydrothermal process followed by heat treatments at 900 °C for 2 h. The results of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy indicate that pH of the initial solution and doping concentration of Yb3+ can indeed affect crystal growth of samples. Spectroscopic studies reveal that the structure, size and morphology can influence the properties of upconversion emission in GdPO4:Er3+, Yb3+ by affecting the local environment of rare earth ions, the surface of sample and the relaxation processes in the samples. The color coordinates calculation illustrates that these implications can ultimately alter the emission color of the samples. This research enhances our comprehension of the role played by the pH of initial solution and the concentration of Yb3+ ions in the synthesis of Er3+, Yb3+ ions co-doped upconversion materials, specifically in fine-tuning the emission color for the final upconversion materials.
Serum PM20D1 levels are associated with nutritional status and inflammatory factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing early enteral nutrition
Authors: Jin Zhengyu , Chen Yuning 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and objective
Early nutritional support holds paramount importance for postoperative gastric cancer (GC) patients. Peptidase M20 domain containing 1 (PM20D1) is a secretory enzyme associated with glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is a dearth of clinical studies delving into the connection between PM20D1, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors in GC patients who have received enteral nutrition (EN). This research aimed to investigate the serum levels of PM20D1 in GC patients following early EN and their potential associations with lipid metabolism, nutritional markers, and inflammatory factors.

Methods
This prospective observational study enrolled 180 GC patients between May 2020 and July 2022. On the first postoperative day, all patients received EN support, which was maintained for a duration of 5 days. Serum levels of PM20D1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and C-reactive protein were measured on the sixth day after surgery using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data on demographics, clinical statistics, lipid metabolism, nutritional parameters, and the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were collected. Patients were followed up for 12 months, and both overall survival and disease-free survival were recorded.

Results
In the low PNI group, the serum levels of PM20D1, albumin (ALB), and blood lymphocytes (BL) showed significant reductions. Pearson analysis revealed a negative correlation between PM20D1 and IL-6 levels, whereas a positive correlation emerged between PM20D1 and ALB and BL levels. Furthermore, PM20D1 demonstrated potential as a biomarker for diagnosing poor nutritional status (PNI < 43) in GC patients and was a risk factor for poor nutritional status in GC patients.

Conclusion
Serum PM20D1 remarkably declined in GC patients after early EN and was associated with poor nutritional status.
Hydromorphone reduced the incidence of emergence agitation after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized, double-blind study
Authors: Huang Qiyuan , Chen Yang , Sun Xiaohui , Su Yongwei , Zhou Ruihao , Chen Guo , Zhu Tao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Emergence agitation (EA) after (adeno)tonsillectomy (AT) surgery impairs recovery in children. Adequate analgesia plays a crucial role in reducing EA incidence. This study investigated whether hydromorphone infusion (30 μg/kg) during anesthesia induction could reduce EA following AT surgery for obstructive sleep apnea in children.

Patients and methods
A total of 186 ASA I–III children aged 3–7 years undergoing AT surgery were enrolled in a blinded randomized trial comparing hydromorphone (30 μg/kg) to fentanyl (4 μg/kg). The primary outcome was EA incidence within 30 min post-extubation. Secondary outcomes included pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED), face, legs, activity, crying, consolability (FLACC), Ramsay sedation scores, extubation time, rescue analgesia incidence, and adverse events.

Results
The incidence of EA was significantly lower in the hydromorphone group [48.4% (45/93) vs 64.5% (60/93); absolute difference: 16.1%; 95% CI: 18.9–29.5%; P = 0.027]. Hydromorphone improved PAED, FLACC, and Ramsay scores and reduced moderate-to-severe pain and rescue analgesia. No postoperative complications occurred in either group.

Conclusion
Hydromorphone at 30 μg/kg effectively reduces the incidence of EA within 30 min post-extubation in children after AT surgery compared to fentanyl. It shows superior analgesia and has a low incidence of adverse effects.
Scaled transverse translation by planar optical elements for sub-pixel sampling and remote super-resolution imaging
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xu Xin , Guo Yinghui , Lu Yuran , He Qiong , Pu Mingbo , Li Xiaoyin , Xu Mingfeng , Zhang Fei , Luo Xiangang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High resolution imaging represents a relentless pursuit within the field of optical system. Multi-frame super-resolution (SR) is an effective method for enhancing sampling density, while it heavily relies on sub-pixel scale displacement of a bulky camera. Based on the symmetric transformation of quadratic-phase metasurface, we propose scaled transverse translation (STT) utilizing planar optical elements (POEs) to facilitate sub-pixel sampling and remote super-resolution imaging. The STT module composed of a pair of planar optical elements with conjugated quadratic phase profile is fabricated and experimentally verified. By displacing POE within a millimeter-level range, we achieve sub-micron in imaging shift accuracy. Furthermore, the results of SR and SR enhanced Fourier ptychography imaging demonstrate significant compatibility and effectiveness of this module. The resolution improvement in FP imaging increases from 2× to 2.8× by sub-pixel sampling using this module. Moreover, defect reduction and contrast enhancement are obtained. With its advantages of light-weight, simple structure and ease of implementation, this method shows considerable potential for numerous imaging applications.
Electrodynamics of photo-carriers in multiferroic Eu0.75Y0.25MnO3
Authors: Huang Yue , Aguilar Rolando V. , Trugman Stuart A. , Cheong Sang-Wook , Long Yuan , Lee Min-Cheol , Zhu Jian-Xin , Rosa Priscila F.S. , Prasankumar Rohit P. , Yarotski Dmitry A. , Azad Abul , Sirica Nicholas S. , Taylor Antoinette J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding and controlling the antiferromagnetic order in multiferroic materials on an ultrafast time scale is a long standing area of interest, due to their potential applications in spintronics and ultrafast magnetoelectric switching. We present an optical pump-terahertz (THz) probe study on multiferroic Eu0.75Y0.25MnO3. The optical pump predominantly excites the d-d transitions of the Mn3+ ions, and the temporal evolution of the pump-induced transient conductivity is measured with a subsequent THz pulse. Two distinct, temperature-dependent decay times are revealed. The shorter relaxation time corresponds to spin-lattice thermalization, while the longer one is ascribed to electron-hole recombination. A spin-selection rule in the relaxation process is proposed in the magnetic phase. Slight suppression of the electromagnons was observed after the optical pump pulse within the spin-lattice thermalization time scale. These observed fundamental magnetic processes can shed light on ultrafast control of magnetism and photoinduced phase transitions in multiferroics.
The association between maternal perfluoroalkylated substances exposure and neonatal birth weight: a system review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fu Zeyuan , Sun Xiaoyi , Yang Xupu , Li Xiaoqian , Zhang Yizhe , Zhang Xiaolin , Guo Huicai , Liu Yi , Liu Xuehui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Some studies have shown that maternal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may be related to the neonatal birth weight. The purpose of this study was to explore this relationship between maternal exposure to PFAS and neonatal birth weight. All papers published before March 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases. A thorough meta-analysis was carried out, involving data extracted from 1,673 samples obtained from a total of 24 articles. Our study found a significantly negative association between maternal PFOS exposure and neonatal birth weight (β= −71.55; 95 %CI= −114.47, −28.62), with high heterogeneity (I

2
=64.15 %, p<0.0001). Similarly, there was a significant negative correlation between maternal PFOA exposure and neonatal birth weight (β= −81.26; 95 %CI= −126.08, −36.43), with high heterogeneity (I

2
=67.23 %, p<0.0001). Subunit analysis showed that there was a significantly negative correlation between PFOS exposure and neonatal birth weight in mid-to-late pregnancy and after delivery (β= −97.87; 95 %CI= −181.83, −13.92, β= −138.06; 95 %CI= −255.91, −20.20), PFOA exposure showed a negative correlation with neonatal birth weight in mid-to-late pregnancy (β= −85.89; 95 %CI= −139.31, −32.47), while PFNA exposure also showed a negative correlation with neonatal birth weight in mid-to-late pregnancy (β= −90.39; 95 %CI= −152.90, −27.88). However, no significant correlation was observed for PFNA exposure (β=3.95; 95% CI= −10.41, 18.31), with medium heterogeneity (I

2
=40.56 %, p=0.0574), or for PFHxS exposure (β=4.61; 95 %CI= −10.60, 19.81), with medium heterogeneity (I

2
=29.27 %, p=0.1368). Further research is needed to better understand the implications of these findings on maternal and neonatal health.
TIGAR suppresses ER stress-induced neuronal injury through targeting ATF4-signaling in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Chen Lei , Tang Jie , Liu Xue-Qing , Li Qi-Qi , Li Jia-Ying , Li Yan-Yan , Zheng Wen-Hua , Qin Zheng-Hong , Sheng Rui 
Published: February 2025

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is crucial in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by triggering cellular apoptosis and exacerbating neuronal damage. This study elucidates the dynamics of TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) translocation and its role in regulating neural fate during cerebral ischemia-induced ER stress, specifically in male mice. We found enhanced nuclear localization of TIGAR in neurons after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) in male mice, as well as oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and treatment with ER stress inducer (tunicamycin and thapsigargin) in neuronal cells. Conditional neuronal knockdown ofTigaraggravated the injury following ischemia-reperfusion, whereas overexpression ofTigarattenuated cerebral ischemic injury and ameliorated intra-neuronal ER stress. Additionally, TIGAR overexpression reduced the elevation of ATF4 target genes and attenuated ER stress-induced cell death. Notably, TIGAR co-localized and interacted with ATF4 in the nucleus, inhibiting its downstream pro-apoptotic gene transcription, consequently protecting against ischemic injury. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that ATF4 overexpression reversed the protective effects of TIGAR against cerebral ischemic injury. Intriguingly, our study identified the Q141/K145 residues of TIGAR, crucial for its nuclear translocation and interaction with ATF4, highlighting a novel aspect of TIGAR's function distinct from its known phosphatase activity or mitochondrial localization domains. These findings reveal a novel neuroprotective mechanism of TIGAR in regulating ER stress through ATF4-mediated signaling pathways. These insights may guide targeted therapeutic strategies to protect neuronal function and alleviate the deleterious effects of cerebral ischemic injury.Significance statementTIGAR(TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) is one of the downstream target genes of p53, and its encoded protein exerts Fru-2, 6-BPase activity to promote glucose metabolic flux to pentose phosphate pathway. However, the non-enzymatic function of TIGAR has been gradually discovered. Here, we demonstrate that TIGAR translocates to the nucleus to interact with ATF4 in neurons after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induced ER stress via its Q141/K145 residues. Then TIGAR inhibits ATF4’s downstream pro-apoptotic genes expression, reduces ER stress-dependent apoptosis, consequently alleviating neuronal damage. This study uncovered a novel neuroprotective mechanism of TIGAR by regulating ER stress via ATF4-mediated signaling pathway. The Q141/K145 residues of TIGAR are critical for its interaction with ATF4 and inhibition of ATF4 target genes.
Projection motifs and wiring logic of medial pulvinar thalamocortical axons in the marmoset monkey
Authors: Córdoba-Claros María Angélica , Rubio-Garrido Pablo , de Lima Ruthnaldo R.M. , Morais Paulo Leonardo AG. , do Nascimento Expedito S. , Cavalcante Jeferson S. , Clascá Francisco 
Published: February 2025

The medial pulvinar thalamic nucleus (MPu) is an evolutionary novelty of the primate thalamus, prominently expanded in humans. Piecemeal data from studies in various monkey species indicates that MPu axons reach prefrontal, inferior parietal, cingulate, insular or temporal areas; however, the precise wiring and functional logic of such brain-wide connections remain obscure. In marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) of both sexes, we visualized the axons originated from specific pulvinar domains by means of biotinylated dextranamine (BDA) microinjections and compared them across multiple cases. In addition, by injecting retrograde tracers in the cortical areas targeted by the pulvinar axons, we investigated the organization of projection cells within MPu and the existence of long-range branched axons. Specific projection motifs reveal a caudal MPu subnucleus that innervates inferior and ventral temporal areas, and a rostral MPu subnucleus that innervates temporal, ventral prefrontal, premotor, inferior posterior parietal and cingulate areas. We demonstrate numerous MPu neurons that innervate through branched axons prefrontal and parietal or prefrontal and temporal areas; other cells with different projection patterns are closely intermingled with them. Our findings support the notion that MPu is a hub of the brain-wide networks that support complex visual and social cognition, sensory-guided reaching, working memory, and attention. Moreover, the finding of long-range branching MPu axons and dense terminal arborizations suggest that MPu cells may regulate functional connectivity among high-level cortical areas at widely different spatial scales. Besides, the anatomical “ground truth” provided by our study is relevant for functional imaging and distributed network modelling studies.Significance statementThe medial nucleus of the pulvinar complex is an evolutionary novelty of the primate thalamus and is uniquely expanded in humans. However, its functions are poorly understood, as data on its connections remain incomplete and fragmentary. Using high-resolution connection-labeling methods in marmoset monkeys, we mapped in full the thalamocortical axons arising from specific medial pulvinar domains and analyzed their branching patterns. Projection motifs reveal two main subnuclei, each targeting specific cortical networks. Moreover, we show that some pulvinar neurons simultaneously innervate distant prefrontal and parietal areas or prefrontal and temporal areas. Their connection patterns might allow medial pulvinar cells modulate, at different scales, functional connectivity in the cortical networks supporting object vision, social cognition, attention sensory-guided reaching and working memory.
Structural and transport properties of La tungstate and its composite with nickel (II) and copper (II) oxides
Authors: Eremeev Nikita , Bespalko Yulia , Sadovskaya Ekaterina , Krieger Tamara , Cherepanova Svetlana , Suprun Evgeny , Ishchenko Arcady , Mikhailenko Mikhail , Korobeynikov Mikhail , Sadykov Vladislav 
Published: February 2025

La tungstates possessing a high protonic conductivity (~10–4 S/cm at 600 °C) are state-of-the-art materials for hydrogen separation membranes. A promising approach in design of new materials for this application is creation of triple-conductive materials on their basis. The current work aims at studying structural, textural and transport properties of La27W5O55.5–δ and the composite of La27W5O55.5–δ with NiO and CuO obtained via the mechanical activation and sintered either in a furnace or by radiation thermal sintering using electron beam. The oxide material obtained is distorted double fluorite, while the composites consist of LaNi0.8W0.2O3–δ, NiO and CuO phases. As compared to the oxide sintered in furnace, the electron beam sintered La27W5O55.5–δ demonstrates a lower occupancy of 24f sites by W, higher La:W ratio and larger grain size. Extended defects including grain boundaries are observed in TEM images. La27W5O55.5–δ possesses moderate oxygen transport properties (oxygen tracer diffusion coefficient ~10–10 cm2/s at 800 °C). Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that the materials exhibit the hydration behavior typical of proton conductors. The oxygen mobility is demonstrated to decline in the composites, which can be caused by a lower oxygen mobility of the LaNi0.8W0.2O3–δ phase compared to the La27W5O55.5–δ one and the diffusion hindered by nanoparticles of NiO and CuO. Reduction followed by reoxidation of the composites leads to increasing oxygen diffusivity, which can be related to partial unblocking of fast diffusion pathways.