bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A classification of polarized manifolds by the sectional Betti number and the sectional Hodge number
Authors: Fukuma Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Let (X, L) be a polarized manifold of dimension n defined over the field of complex numbers. Assume that L is spanned. Then, in this paper, we will classify (X, L) by the second sectional Betti number b
2(X, L) and the second sectional Hodge number (X, L) of type (1, 1), which were defined by the author in a previous paper. Moreover, for the case where L is very ample, we will give a classification of (X, L) with b
4(X, L) = h
4(X, ℂ).
On reduced polytopes and antipodality
Authors: Averkov Gennadiy , Martini Horst 
Published: November 2008

AbstractLetBbe ano-symmetric convex body in ℝd, andMdbe the normed space with unit ballB. TheMd-thickness ΔB(K) of a convex bodyK⊆ ℝdis the smallest possibleMd-distance between two distinct parallel supporting hyperplanes ofK. Furthermore,Kis said to beMd-reduced if ΔB(K′) < ΔB(K) for every convex bodyK′ withK′ ⊆KandK′ ≠K. In our main theorems we describeMd-reduced polytopes as polytopes whose face lattices possess certain antipodality properties. As one of the consequences, we obtain that if the boundary ofBis regular, then ad-polytope withmfacets andnvertices is notMd-reduced providedm=d+ 2 orn=d+ 2 orn>m. The latter statement yields a new partial answer to Lassak's question on the existence of Euclidean reducedd-polytopes ford≥ 3.
Lastreduzierende Pitchregelung für Windenergieanlagen Load Reducing Pitch Control for Wind Turbines
Authors: Geyler Martin , Caselitz Peter 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt das Thema lastreduzierende Pitchregelung für Windenergieanlagen am Beispiel der aktiven Turmschwingungsdämpfung und der Nick- und Giermomentreduktion. Durch die Berücksichtigung zusätzlicher lastreduzierender Regelungsziele geht das klassische Drehzahlregelungsproblem in ein Mehrgrößenproblem über. Ein vereinfachtes Entwurfsmodell wird abgeleitet. Darauf basierend wird ein Reglerentwurf nach der Methode der
H
∞
-Norm-Minimierung beschrieben. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Regler für kollektiven und zyklischen Pitch unabhängig voneinander betrachtet werden dürfen. Die entworfenen Regler werden anhand von Simulationen mit einem detaillierten nichtlinearen Modell der Windenergieanlage verifiziert.
Kooperative Verhaltensentscheidung für Gruppen kognitiver Automobile auf Grundlage des gemeinsamen Lagebilds Cooperative Behavior of Groups of Cognitive Automobiles based on a Common Relevant Picture
Authors: Frese Christian , Batz Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Bildung kooperativer Gruppen von Fahrzeugen im Straßenverkehr und die gemeinsame Verhaltensentscheidung dieser Gruppe, um komplexere Gefahrensituationen entschärfen oder beherrschen zu können. Insbesondere ist dabei an plötzlich auftretende Situationen gedacht, in denen ein Fahrer aufgrund der sehr kurzen noch verbleibenden Reaktionszeit nicht angemessen reagieren kann oder bei denen nur ein komplexes, von mehreren Fahrzeugen verlässlich gemeinsam durchgeführtes Fahrmanöver von Erfolg ist.
LMI-Entwurf schneller Regler mit impliziten Ljapunov-Funktionen LMI Design of Fast Control Employing Implicit Lyapunov Functions
Authors: Yankulova Dilyana , Adamy Jürgen 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Weiche strukturvariable Regler mit impliziten Ljapunov-Funktionen sind nichtlineare Zustandsrückführungen für lineare Systeme mit Stellgrößenbeschränkung. Die Parameter des Reglers werden kontinuierlich abhängig vom Systemzustand verändert, sodass der Stellgrößenbereich möglichst gut ausgenutzt wird, ohne die Beschränkung zu verletzen. Dadurch kann ein fast zeitoptimales Verhalten bei einem verhältnismäßig geringen Entwurfsaufwand erreicht werden. Dieser Entwurf erfolgt durch die numerische Lösung eines Optimierungsproblems mittels eines Suchverfahrens, z.B. einer Evolutionsstrategie. Der Entwurfsaufwand wird in diesem Artikel durch Formulierung dieses Problems als LMI (lineare Matrixungleichung) basiertes Optimierungsproblem deutlich verringert.
Bürgerliche Kontinuitäten? Ein Vergleich deutsch-deutscher Selbstbilder und Realitäten seit 1945Continuities of 'Buergertum′ and 'Buergerlichkeit′. A Comparison of German Self-Images and Realities since 1945
Authors: Rauh Cornelia 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Bis Anfang der 1990er Jahre hatte unter Historikern Konsens darüber bestanden, daß mit dem langen 19. Jahrhundert auch die Geschichte des deutschen Bürgertums zu ihrem Ende gekommen sei. Als einigermaßen einheitliche politische Kraft, als Sozialformation ebenso wie als kulturprägende Größe schien das deutsche Bürgertum mit dem Ersten Weltkrieg in die Bedeutungslosigkeit entschwunden. Neuerdings jedoch wird vermehrt von einer neuen Bürgerlichkeit, teilweise sogar von einem Neuen Bürgertum gesprochen, das sich seit 1945 wieder formiert habe. Der vorliegende Aufsatz knüpft an diese Überlegungen an und fragt nach Kontinuitäten von Bürgerlichkeit im geteilten Deutschland. Dabei konzentriert sich die Darstellung auf zwei eng miteinander verbundene Problemkomplexe, die zunächst jeweils für die westdeutsche und anschließend für die ostdeutsche Gesellschaft untersucht werden. Zuerst wird nach der Kontinuität bürgerlicher Leitbilder in beiden deutschen Teilgesellschaften gefragt, sodann nach Kontinuitäten oder Relikten des Bürgertums als privilegierter und sich distinguierender Sozialformation. Das führt zu der Beobachtung, daß bürgerliche Leitbilder und bürgerlich-ständische Verhaltensweisen den Nationalsozialismus ebenso wie die Zeit der staatlichen Teilung Deutschlands überdauert haben. Mit einer Sozialformation, die nach ihrer gesamtgesellschaftlichen und kulturellen Stellung und Bedeutung dem Bürgertum des 19. Jahrhunderts auch nur von ferne ähnelt, haben wir es trotz dieser Leitwerte und Distinktionsbestrebungen dennoch wohl weder in West noch Ost zu tun. Aber hier wie da weisen die gesellschaftlichen Eliten Kulturmuster auf, die deutliche Übereinstimmungen mit den im 19. Jahrhundert anzutreffenden Formen von Bürgerlichkeit zeigen. Insbesondere hinsichtlich familiär tradierter Bildungseinstellungen und Karriereerwartungen sollten sich diese bürgerlichen Überreste als folgenreich erweisen. Die Familie erwies sich nämlich nicht nur als diejenige Institution, welche in Ostdeutschland die inneren Grenzen der Diktatur absteckte (Bessel/Jessen), die Familien waren vielmehr zugleich diejenige Instanz, die der sozialen Nivellierung beider deutschen Gesellschaften Grenzen setzte.
Westernisierung, Internationalisierung, Bürgerlichkeit? Zu einigen jüngeren Arbeiten der Ideengeschichte der alten BundesrepublikWesternization, Internationalization, "Buergerlichkeit"? About some Recent Studies on the History of Ideas in the Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Kießling Friedrich 
Published: November 2008

Zusammenfassung
Zugleich Besprechung von:

D. Geppert/U. Wengst (Hrsg.), Neutralität – Chance oder Chimäre? Konzepte des Dritten Weges für Deutschland und die Welt 1945–1990

A. Bauerkämper/K. H. Jarausch/M. M. Payk (Hrsg.), Demokratiewunder. Transatlantische Mittler und die kulturelle Öffnung Westdeutschlands 1945–1970

F.-L. Kroll (Hrsg.), Die kupierte Alternative. Konservatismus in Deutschland nach 1945

E. Rathgeb, Die engagierte Nation. Deutsche Debatten 1945–2005

J. Hacke, Philosophie der Bürgerlichkeit. Die liberalkonservative Begründung der Bundesrepublik

S. Kießling, Die antiautoritäre Revolte der 68er. Postindustrielle Konsumgesellschaft und säkulare Religionsgeschichte der Moderne
Laser Induced Potential Energy Surface Crossing in Ion-Molecule Reactions: Application to Li++CH4
Authors: El-Din Kamal M. Tag , Sedik El-Wallid S. , Talaat Hassan 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Laser ion-molecule reaction interaction through long range dipole moments leads to potential energy surface crossings. We will show here by using gauge representation (electric field gauge) for wave length λ = 20.6 μm, Intensity I = 5×1012 W/cm2, I = 1×1013 W/cm2, I = 3×1013 W/cm2, that we can create laser induced potential energy surface crossing in the virtual transition state region (4.a.u.) where the dipole moment changes sign. We illustrate such effects for the Li H + CH3
+ ↔ Li+ + CH4 reaction which takes the form of inverted Morse (without a barrier) using ab-initio methods for calculating the reaction path and the permanent dipole moment of this ion-molecule reaction.
The Effect of EDTA on the Deposition of ZnS Thin Film
Authors: Nagalingam Saravanan , Bee Teh Geok , Delon Alexis 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry studies in the presence of EDTA in aqueous solution were found to offer some noteworthy improvements in the electrodeposition synthesis of ZnS compound. EDTA has shown its capacity for improving the longevity of the deposition bath as well as adhesion of the deposited material on the substrate. The deposition condition of ZnS compound in the presence of EDTA was found to be favorable in low acidic medium. The process could be carried out at room temperature without the need to increase solution temperature.
Growth response to an individualized versus fixed dose GH treatment in short children born small for gestational age: the OPTIMA study
Authors: Jung Heike , Land Christof , Nicolay Claudia , De Schepper Jean , Blum Werner F , Schönau Eckhard 
Published: November 2008

ObjectiveInitial GH-induced catch up growth is highly variable in short children born small for gestational age (SGA) and mainly influenced by age at start of therapy and GH dose. This study compared the first year growth-promoting effect of an individually adjusted GH dose (IAD) versus a fixed high GH dose (FHD) in pre-pubertal children born SGA with severe short stature.DesignThis was a randomized, open-label, multi-center study.MethodsThe FHD group received 0.067 mg/kg per day GH throughout the 12-month study. The IAD group initially received 0.035 mg/kg per day GH; at 3 months the Cologne growth-prediction model for first year change in height SDS was applied; if predicted change was <0.75, GH was increased to 0.067 mg/kg per day for the remaining 9 months, otherwise the initial dose was continued.ResultsIn the IAD group, 38 out of the 80 patients required the higher GH dose from month 3. From an ANCOVA for non-inferiority, mean difference in change in height SDS between IAD and FHD groups was −0.24 (95% confidence interval (CI) −0.35: −0.12), the CI for height SDS being above the pre-defined non-inferiority margin of −0.5. GH dose reductions due to IGF-I SDS >0.5 and IGFBP-3 SDS <−0.5 were performed in 4/99 FHD patients, but none of the IAD group patients. Safety data were similar between groups.ConclusionWith a mean treatment group difference of 1 cm in 12-month growth response, although statistically significant, the IAD group was considered non-inferior compared with the FHD group. Early growth prediction can be used to tailor the dose to the individual patient's needs, resulting in lower overall GH dose.
Mn2+‐Doped CdSe Quantum Dots: New Inorganic Materials for Spin‐Electronics and Spin‐Photonics
Authors: Beaulac Rémi , Archer Paul I. , Ochsenbein Stefan T. , Gamelin Daniel R. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractRecent advances in the chemistry of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal doping have led to new materials showing fascinating physical properties of potential technological importance. This article provides an overview of efforts to dope one of the most widely studied colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal systems, CdSe quantum dots, with one of the most widely studied transition‐metal dopant ions, Mn2+, and describes the major new physical properties that have emerged following successful synthesis of this material. These properties include spin‐polarizable excitonic photoluminescence, magnetic circular dichroism, exciton storage, and excitonic magnetic polaron formation. A brief survey of parallel advances in the characterization of analogous self‐assembled Mn2+‐doped quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy is also presented, and the physical properties of the colloidal quantum dots are shown to compare favorably with those of the self‐assembled quantum dots. The rich variety of physical properties displayed by colloidal Mn2+‐doped CdSe quantum dots highlights the attractiveness of this material for future fundamental and applied research.
Enhancement of Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence and Radical Stability by Peripheral Multidonors on Alkynylpyrene Derivatives
Authors: Oh Jeong‐Wook , Lee Yeon Ok , Kim Tae Hyun , Ko Kyoung Chul , Lee Jin Yong , Kim Hasuck , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEin Hoch auf den Elektronenspender: Die Effizienz der Elektrochemilumineszenz (ECL) und die Beständigkeit des radikalischen Zustands stiegen für den schlechten ECL‐Luminophor Pyren mit der Zahl peripherer Donoreinheiten merklich (siehe Bild). Diese ECL‐Verstärkung, die zur Entwicklung neuer Lichtemittermaterialien führen könnte, wurde mithilfe von photophysikalischen und elektrochemischen Studien sowie durch Rechnungen untersucht.magnified image
Conversion of carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonates using diimine Ru(II) complexes as catalysts
Authors: Ulusoy Mahmut , Çetinkaya Engin , Çetinkaya Bekir 
Published: November 2008

AbstractCationic diimine Ru(II) complexes were synthesized and tested as catalysts for the formation of cyclic organic carbonates from CO2 and liquid epoxides (propylene oxide, epichlorohydrine, 1,2‐epoxybutane and styrene oxide) which served as both reactant and solvent. The reaction rates not only depended on the type of ligand, but also on reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, base, the epoxide substrates and the use of an additional solvent. Reaction rates in terms of turnover frequencies up to 4050 molproduct molcat.−1 h−1 at 99% selectivity were achieved by optimizing the diimine ligand as well as the reaction temperature and CO2 pressure. Consistent with CV measurements, the electron donating group on the p‐position of the aryl ring accelerated the reaction rate. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly compatible wood thermoplastic composites from lignocellulosic material modified in ionic liquids: Preparation and thermal properties
Authors: Xie Haibo , Jarvi Paula , Karesoja Mikko , King Alistair , Kilpelainen Ilkka , Argyropoulos Dimitris S. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA study of converting chemically modified wood into thermoplastic materials was undertaken to develop a new technology platform for the effective utilization of wood‐based lignocellulosic materials. Highly substituted benzoylated spruce thermomechanical pulp (TMP) and lauroylated spruce TMP were used as components for thermoplastic composites of poly(styrene) and poly(propylene). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were used to characterize the interfacial morphology and thermal properties of the resultant composite filaments. The coupling of the interfacial morphology effort and that of torque analysis applied during processing indicated that the thorough modification of wood fibers by benzoylation and/or lauroylation reactions can improve the compatibility between the wood‐based lignocellulosic materials and poly(styrene) and poly(propylene). Thermal analysis showed that, with the addition of wood derivatives into poly(styrene) and poly(propylene) matrices, a slight decrease in their Tgs was observed. Furthermore, all of the prepared composites showed improved thermal stability, as revealed by TGA. The resultant thermoplastic wood composites exhibited good melting properties and were readily extruded into filaments or sheets. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Reaction kinetics and thermal properties of cyanate ester‐cured epoxy resin with phenolphthalein poly(ether ketone)
Authors: Li Junyan , Chen Ping , Ma Zemin , Ma Keming , Wang Baichen 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis article describe the influence of phenolphthalein poly (ether ketone) (PEK‐C) on the cure behaviors and thermal properties of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin with cyanate ester as curing agent. The curing kinetics and reaction pathways were monitored using dynamic differential scanning calorimeter and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The dependence of activation energy on the conversion degree for all the studied systems was calculated in the light of Ozawa‐Flynn‐Wall method. Furthermore, the thermomechanical properties and the thermal stability of the cured resins were also evaluated by dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. Conclusions can be drawn as follows: the main reaction pathways did not vary with the inclusion of PEK‐C, but the reaction rate of the blend was found to be higher than that of the neat epoxy. The glass transition temperature of the blend was not changed by the addition of PEK‐C, while the initial decomposition temperature slightly decreased with increase in PEK‐C content. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Synthesis and characterization of high molecular weight side chain liquid crystalline/photoactive polymers
Authors: Murali M. , Sudhakar P. , Kumar B. Satish , Samui A. B. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractVarious liquid crystalline and photoactive azobenzene monomers were synthesized and attached to copoly(methyl methacrylate‐glycidyl methacrylate) [copoly (MMA‐GMA)] to get high molecular weight side chain liquid crystalline (LC)/photoactive copolymers. Further, spacers are generated in situ and reactive groups are obtained after the modification. All monomers and polymers were thoroughly characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV‐VIS spectrophotometry, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and polarized optical microscopy. All side chain LC polymers showed higher thermal stability than that of copoly(MMA‐GMA). Three LC and one azo monomer exhibited characteristic nematic mesophase where as one LC monomer has shown nematic and sanded smectic‐A texture. The rate of trans‐cis isomerization of polymer was lower than that of the monomer and both monomers and polymers showed slow back isomerization. Present approach offers convenient way to synthesize high/desired molecular weight photoactive LC polymers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Ammonia/acetylene plasma deposition: An alternative approach to the dyeing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics at low temperatures
Authors: Hossain M. M. , Müssig J. , Herrmann A. S. , Hegemann D. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractIt has long been recognized that dyes other than disperse dyes would play a much larger industrial role if they could be applied to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics at low temperatures. This research is related to a new process for the dyeing of hydrophobic PET with hydrophilic acid dyestuffs. The process is based on low‐pressure plasma polymerization using an ammonia/acetylene gaseous mixture, which provides a nanoporous plasma coating containing accessible amine groups. Surface functionalization and crosslinking have been analyzed with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The color strength (absorption coefficient/scattering coefficient) of dyed PET is evidently improved by the attachment of dye molecules to the plasma polymer coating. The dyeability strongly depends on the plasma exposure time, gaseous mixture, and energy input. The permanency of the bond between the dye molecules and the plasma film can be characterized as the fastness property of dyed PET. The stability of the plasma coating has been examined with an abrasion and pilling tester. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Plasticity structural analysis of polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zaikov G. E. , Kozlov G. V. , Aphashagova Z. K. , Mikitaev A. K. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractA structural analysis of an increasing plasticity effect for polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes was carried out. It was shown that this effect was due to densely packed interfacial layer formation on an atomic scale on the smooth nanotube surfaces, which resulted in changes in the polymer molecular matrix and structural characteristics. A prediction of the nanocomposite properties as a function of nanotube contents was obtained. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Higher taxa are effective surrogates for species in the selection of conservation reserves in estuaries
Authors: Shokri Mohammad Reza , Gladstone William 
Published: November 2008

Abstract
The lack of information about marine biodiversity is problematic for the selection of conservation reserves that aim to protect representative samples of biodiversity. A number of surrogate measures for biodiversity have been suggested as a potential solution to this problem.
The present study tested the effectiveness of using higher taxa of macroinvertebrates as a surrogate for species‐level identification to depict spatial variation in species richness and assemblage variation and to select conservation reserves in one estuary in south‐east Australia.
Spatial patterns of richness and assemblage variation for species were significantly correlated with patterns defined from genera, families, orders, classes, and phyla with a decline in the magnitude of correlation coefficients from finer to coarser resolutions. A network of reserves selected to include representatives of all phyla, classes, orders, families and genera coincidentally included 54%, 61.7%, 75%, 92.6%, 98.8% species in 8.3%, 13.9%, 17.7%, 44.4% and 58.3% of grid cells, respectively. However, only reserves selected for genera, families and orders performed significantly better than random selection.
Percentage of species represented by orders, families and genera in a realistic level of available grid cells for conservation (i.e. 13.9%) were very close ranging between 70 and 73.5%. A factor diminishing the performance of order as surrogate for species richness was related to the difficulty of identifying many macroinvertebrates to the order level. Therefore, it is concluded that genus‐ and family‐level identification is an effective surrogate for species‐level identification for conservation planning in estuaries.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A geophysical investigation of subsurface structures and Quaternary geology at San Marcos Pueblo, New Mexico
Authors: Hinz Emily A. , Ferguson John F. , Pellerin Louise , Ramenofsky Ann F. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractSan Marcos Pueblo site (LA 98), located in the Galisteo Basin south of Santa Fe, New Mexico, encompasses the remains of 43 identified room blocks, a Spanish mission and 20 middens. As part of ongoing field investigations at San Marcos, students and faculty from the Summer of Applied Geophysical Experience (SAGE) field programme are using multiple geophysical techniques to non‐invasively investigate the site. Modelling of the underlying Quaternary stream terrace geology and the detection of subsurface Pueblo‐era features were accomplished through the integrated interpretation of data from seismic refraction and reflection, electromagnetic, magnetic and ground‐penetrating radar methods. Although to date only a targeted spatially small extent of the site has been explored using these methods, the SAGE field programme has been able detect a variety of anthropogenic structures and debris. The SAGE field programme validated the presence of excavations in the natural stream terrace sequence over areas believed to contain kivas, mapped the geometry of walls over a closed room block, and detected an area of magnetized debris associated with smelting operations. Collectively, the data from the SAGE field programme demonstrate the value of using multiple, complementary, geophysical methods for archaeological prospection. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.