bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Multicenter Experience With DoubleNucleoside Therapy for Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus Infection During Pregnancy
Authors: Silverman N. S. , Watts D. H. , Hitti J. , Money D. M. , Livingston E. , Axelrod J. , Ernest J. M. , Robbins D. , DiVito M. M. 
Published: March 2007

Objective: To study maternal and neonatal effects of combination nucleoside analog therapy administered
to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected pregnant women for maternal indications.Methods: A multicenter, prospective observational study was undertaken at six perinatal centers
in the United States and Canada that supported regional referral programs for the treatment of
HIV‐infected pregnant women. Demographic, laboratory, and pregnancy outcome data were collected
for 39 women whose antiretroviral treatment regimens were expanded to include more than
one nucleoside analog for maternal indications. The 40 newborns were monitored at pediatric
referral centers through at least three months of age to ascertain their HIV infection status.Results: For all 39 women, zidovudine (ZDV) therapy was instituted at 13.4 ± 8.2 weeks, with
a second agent (lamivudine [3TC] in 85% of cases) being added at a mean gestational age of 17.6
weeks. Duration of therapy with two agents was 20.6±10.4 weeks overall, with no women stopping
medications because of side effects or toxicity. No significant changes in maternal laboratory values
were seen, except for an increase in mean corpuscular volume, over the course of pregnancy. No
clinically significant adverse neonatal outcomes were noted, with all but the three preterm newborns
leaving hospital with their mothers. Neonatal anemia (hematocrit < 50%) was seen in 62% of
newborns, with no children needing transfusion; mild elevations of liver function tests, primarily
aspartate aminotransferase, were noted in 58% of newborns tested, though none were clinically
jaundiced. Overall rate of neonatal HIV infection was 2.5% (95% confidence interval: 0.1–13.2%).Conclusion: Combination antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy with two nucleoside analogs
was well‐tolerated by mothers and newborns, with no significant short‐term toxicities or side effects
noted. Surveillance of exposed newborns’ hematologic and liver function appears warranted.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of 5-Fluorouracil for the Treatment of Cervicovaginal Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Holmes M. M. , Weaver II S. H. , Vermillion S. T. 
Published: March 2007

Objective:To compare intravaginal 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and placebo for the treatment of cervical and/or vaginal human papillomavirus (HPV).Methods:A randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed. Women with HPV detected visually or by Papanicolaou (Pap)test and confirmed by colposcopic biopsy were randomized to receive either intravaginal 5-FU cream or an intravaginal placebo cream. Women with cervical or vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia were excluded. The primary outcome measure was cytologic regression ofHPV as determined by Pap test screening 4 to 6 months after treatment. The secondary outcome was cytologic evidence of disease progression at both the 4–6-month and 12-month followup evaluations. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test with significance established atP< 0.05.Results:A total of forty patients were randomized, and thirty patients had a follow-up Pap test 4 to 6 months after treatment. Of those patients treated with 5-FU, 28% demonstrated regression of HPV on cytologic evaluation, compared with 69% of those treated with placebo (P< 0.05). Twelve-month follow-up cytology was available from 18 of the study participants. There were no significant differences in the frequency of cytologic progression or regression between groups at 12 months.Conclusion:Four to six months post treatment, the use of intravaginal 5-FU for the treatment of cervical or vaginal HPV is associated with a lower rate of regression than the use of placebo. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 7:186–189, 1999.
Evaluation of the Strep B OIA Test Compared to Standard Culture Methods for Detection of Group B Streptococci
Authors: Song J. Y. , Lin L. L. , Shott S. , Kimber N. , Tangora J. , Cohen A. , Wells A. , Maezes M. , Aroutcheva A. , Faro S. 
Published: March 2007

Objective:This study evaluated the accuracy of the commercial product Strep B OIA (optical immunoassay) compared to the standard agar and broth culture methods for detecting vaginal colonization with group B streptococcus (GBS).Methods:Preoperative vaginal cultures were obtained from 141 nonpregnant gynecological patients undergoing major gynecologic surgery. Major gynecologic surgery was defined as benign gynecologic, gyne-oncology, and urogynecologic procedures. The results of the Strep B OIA test were compared to the results obtained from SXT agar (selective for GBS), colistin-nalidixic acid (CNA) agar, and Todd-Hewitt broth cultures.Results:The prevalence of vaginal GBS colonization in this population was 20.6%. The sample sensitivity and specificity of the OIA method were 58.6% and 85.7%, respectively. These values are lower than the sensitivity and specificity of 85.4% and 91.5%, respectively, given in the OIA package insert. Although the sample negative predictive value was fairly high (88.9%), the positive predictive value was low (51.5%).Conclusion:Although a previous study stated that the product Strep B OIA reduces the time required to obtain results (30 minutes versus days) and can, therefore, function as a useful diagnostic tool in the management of early-onset GBS disease, the present study's finding of low sensitivity and low positive predictive value indicates that this test may have very limited clinical value. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 7:202–205, 1999.
Pattern of Parvovirus B19 Infection During Different Trimesters of Pregnancy in Kuwait
Authors: Makhseed Ma'asoumah , Pacsa Alexander , Ahmed Mohammad Abrar , Essa Sahar Sultan 
Published: March 2007

Objective:Aims of this study were to determine the IgG and IgM seropositivity to parvovirus B19 during the three trimesters of pregnancy.Methods:Initially, a total of 1,047 pregnant women were included in a prospective study. Blood samples were obtained from 343, 406 and 298 cases in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. To study the incidence of seroconversion, a second sample of blood was obtained 2–4 weeks later from the first 100 cases, who were IgG and IgM negative in the first trimester.Results:The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM was 53.3% and 2.2%, respectively. The incidence of seroconversion was 16.5%. The rate of fetal loss was 15.4% in patients with acute infection, all of which occurred in the first two trimesters.Conclusions:The percentage of IgG positive cases is significantly higher in first and second trimesters compared to the third trimester. The seroconversion rate was 16.5%. Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol. 7:287–292, 1999.
Beliefs and Community Responses to Mental Illness in Ghana: The Experiences of Family Carers
Authors: Quinn Neil 
Published: March 2007

Background: There is often a lack of agreement on how to understand mental illness in low-income countries and support those experiencing it. This article explores the debate on beliefs and the implications for how society responds. Material: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 80 family carers across four sites in Ghana to explore the themes of beliefs, attitudes, carer burden and support. Discussion and conclusions: There appears to be greater reliance on culturally specific explanations of mental illness in rural areas, combined with more acceptance and support, particularly in one rural area with strong traditional belief systems. This suggests the need to develop integrated mental health services, which reflect these differing beliefs.
Quality Of Life In Schizophrenia On Conventional Versus Atypical Antipsychotic Medication: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mortimer Ann M. , Ahmed Al-Agib Ahemed Omar 
Published: March 2007

Introduction: Atypical antipsychotic drugs, with superior tolerability and possibly superior efficacy, were expected to give schizophrenia patients better quality of life (QOL) than conventional treatment. Research findings are equivocal. Method: We evaluated QOL using three subjective measures – Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI); Sickness Impact Profile (SIP); Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) – in 126 routinely seen patients whose treatment was stable for six months, regardless of co-morbidity, current clinical status and concomitant medications. Severity of disorder was assessed with the Global Assessment Schedule (GAS). Results: Fifty patients were on conventional treatment and 76 on atypical treatment. Atypical patients were more likely to be abusing substances ( p = 0.02) and living independently ( p = 0.00). Conventionally treated patients were older than atypically treated patients. Conventionally treated patients suffered schizophrenia almost twice as long as atypically treated patients. Atypically treated patients enjoyed substantially better quality of life than conventionally treated patients on all measures. The effects of confounding variables, i.e. age, duration, accommodation, co-morbid substance misuse and time spent in hospital, were evaluated with the General Linear Model. This confirmed the status of drug treatment as the primary predictor of all aspects of QOL. Conclusion: We conclude that quality of life is genuinely superior on atypical treatment even allowing for the confounding effects of differential prescribing habits: atypical treatment tends to be reserved for younger, less seriously ill patients. There is no scientific or clinical rationale to support this practice.
A Reply to Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen’s Response
Authors: Richie Tony 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis reply to Veli-Matti Kärkkäinen further affirms the importance of work in the theology of religions for Pentecostals and Charismatics today that first prompted the author’s original inquiry into the views of a major early Pentecostal leader, Bishop J.H. King, concerning interfaith encounter and understanding. This dialogue with Kärkkäinen supports suggestions that an overall program of rediscovering, reclaiming, restoring, and revisioning our Pentecostal theology of religions heritage seems advisable. King’s obviously optimistic theology of religions, however, must be carefully distinguished from pluralism and set in the context of its Wesleyan roots and Evangelical emphases. Further development of what King provides in embryonic form is demanded. King represents an optimistic but still Christocentric strain shared by other Pentecostals within early stages of the movement. Not at all amounting to an uncritical approbation of world religions, this revolutionary discovery does decidedly enlarge understandings of Christ’s lordship beyond the pale of any particular religion. Careful terminology in order to avoid misunderstanding is called for and conceded. Pentecostal hypersensitivity regarding theology of religions highlights the need for constant clarification of contrariness to liberal religious pluralism. King’s legacy invalidates any assumption that earlier (older) Pentecostal resources on religions are exclusively pessimistic. Implications are immense for Christian mission and interreligious relations.
Why does Luke use Tongues as A Sign of the Spirit’s Empowerment?
Authors: Keener Craig 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLuke does not present tongues as a sign of Spirit baptism merely arbitrarily, but because it is logically connected to the purpose of baptism in the Spirit. Luke emphasizes baptism in the Spirit as power to testify for Christ cross-culturally; what better sign to evidence this particular empowerment of the Spirit than inspiration to speak in the languages of other cultures?
A Response to James Shelton concerning Jesus and Healing: Yesterday and Today
Authors: Warrington Keith 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis is a response to an article written by James Shelton (‘“Not Like It Used to Be?” Jesus, Miracles, and Today’, JPT 14.2 [April 2006], pp. 219-27) apparently in response to an article of mine, ‘Acts and the Healing Narratives: Why’, published in JPT 14.2 (April 2006), pp. 189-217. In it I sought to explore the purposes of Luke in selecting and presenting the healing miracles in the way that he did in the Acts of the Apostles whilst positing lessons for the readers then and now. This rejoinder to Professor Shelton relates to areas of debate concerning healing, only some of which are located in the original article.
Radically Orthodox, Reformed, and Pentecostal: Rethinking the Intersection of Post/Modernity and the Religions in Conversation with James K.A. Smith
Authors: Yong Amos 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Radical Orthodoxy [RO] movement has been gaining momentum in the theological academy. Its most recent spokesperson, James Smith, attempts to extend the RO vision in dialogue with the Dutch Reformed tradition. Clearly, the central features of ‘Reformed’ RO empower a kind of prophetic engagement with the various domains of late modern society. At another level, however, the globalizing features of our time mean that the dominant pagan deities are not just secularism, nihilism, or capitalism, but also those of other religions. At this level, even a ‘Reformed’ RO may be unable to sustain an engagement with the plurality of mythoi operative in the public square. Rather than undermining the Radically-Reformed project revisioned by Smith, I propose a ‘pneumatological assist’ and argue that a more robust pneumatological theology (suggested but undeveloped by Smith) enables the kind of engagement that is required in our religiously plural late modern world.
The Spirit, Religions, and the World as Sacrament: A Response to Amos Yong’s Pneumatological Assist
Authors: Smith James 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis article responds to Amos Yong’s critique of the author’s Introducing Radical Orthodoxy by focusing on two themes: (1) his analysis of the tension between my creational, participatory or sacramental ontology and my more antithetical assertions regarding the Church as a unique polis; and (2) the question of apologetics, dialogue, and interreligious engagements. In response, I develop an intensity account of participation that applies to both ontology and theology of culture.
Hsp72 up-regulates Epstein-Barr virus EBNALP coactivation with EBNA2
Authors: Peng Chih-Wen , Zhao Bo , Chen Hong-Chi , Chou Min-Luen , Lai Chiou-Yan , Lin Shinn-Zong , Hsu Hsue-Yin , Kieff Elliott 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transcriptional coactivator EBNALP specifically associates and colocalizes with Hsp72 in lymphoblastoid cell lines. We now find that overexpression of Hsp72 more than doubled EBNALP coactivation with EBNA2 of a transfected EBV LMP1 promoter in B lymphoblasts, did not affect EBNA2 or EBNALP protein levels, and strongly up-regulated EBNA2 and EBNALP coactivation of LMP1 protein expression from the endogenous EBV genome in latency I infected Akata cells. The Hsp72 ATP, protein binding, and the C-terminal regulatory domains were required for full activity. An EBNALP deletion mutant, EBNALPd45, which does not associate with Hsp72, coactivated with EBNA2, but was not affected by Hsp72 overexpression, despite Hsp72 up-regulation of wild-type EBNALP coactivation with EBNA2 at all levels of EBNALP expression, indicating the importance of Hsp72 association with EBNALP for Hsp72 up-regulation of coactivation. Of importance, a 90% RNAi knockdown of Hsp72 reduced EBNALP coactivation with EBNA2 of transfected EBV LMP1 and Cp promoters by approximately 50%. Overexpression of the Hsp72 C-terminal interacting and regulatory protein, CHIP, strongly down-regulated EBNALP coactivation, independently of CHIP ubiquitin ligase activity. CHIP effects were Hsp72 dependent, indicating a background downmodulating role for CHIP in Hsp72 augmentation of EBNA2 and EBNALP coactivation. Based on these and other cited data, we favor a model in which Hsp72 chaperones EBNALP shuttling of repressors from EBNA2-enhanced promoters.
Roles of RabGEF1/Rabex-5 domains in regulating FcϵRI surface expression and FcϵRI-dependent responses in mast cells
Authors: Kalesnikoff Janet , Rios Eon J. , Chen Ching-Cheng , Alejandro Barbieri M. , Tsai Mindy , Tam See-Ying , Galli Stephen J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractRabGEF1/Rabex-5, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the endocytic pathway regulator, Rab5, contains a Vps9 domain, an A20-like zinc finger (ZnF) domain, and a coiled coil domain. To investigate the importance of these domains in regulating receptor internalization and cell activation, we lentivirally delivered RabGEF1 mutants into RabGEF1-deficient (−/−) mast cells and examined FcϵRI-dependent responses. Wild-type RabGEF1 expression corrected phenotypic abnormalities in −/− mast cells, including decreased basal FcϵRI expression, slowed FcϵRI internalization, elevated IgE + Ag–induced degranulation and IL-6 production, and the decreased ability of −/− cytosol to support endosome fusion. We showed that RabGEF1's ZnF domain has ubiquitin ligase activity. Moreover, the coiled coil domain of RabGEF1 is required for Rabaptin-5 binding and for maintaining basal levels of Rabaptin-5 and surface FcϵRI. However, mutants lacking either of these domains normalized phenotypic abnormalities in IgE + antigen–activated −/− mast cells. By contrast, correction of these −/− phenotypes required a functional Vps9 domain. Thus, FcϵRI-mediated mast cell functional activation is dependent on RabGEF1's GEF activity.
SBMLeditor: effective creation of models in the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML)
Authors: Rodriguez Nicolas , Donizelli Marco , Le Novère Nicolas 
Published: March 2007

Abstract

Background
The need to build a tool to facilitate the quick creation and editing of models encoded in the Systems Biology Markup language (SBML) has been growing with the number of users and the increased complexity of the language. SBMLeditor tries to answer this need by providing a very simple, low level editor of SBML files. Users can create and remove all the necessary bits and pieces of SBML in a controlled way, that maintains the validity of the final SBML file.

Results
SBMLeditor is written in JAVA using JCompneur, a library providing interfaces to easily display an XML document as a tree. This decreases dramatically the development time for a new XML editor. The possibility to include custom dialogs for different tags allows a lot of freedom for the editing and validation of the document. In addition to Xerces, SBMLeditor uses libSBML to check the validity and consistency of SBML files. A graphical equation editor allows an easy manipulation of MathML. SBMLeditor can be used as a module of the Systems Biology Workbench.

Conclusion
SBMLeditor contains many improvements compared to a generic XML editor, and allow users to create an SBML model quickly and without syntactic errors.
ProCMD: a database and 3D web resource for protein C mutants
Authors: D'Ursi Pasqualina , Marino Francesca , Caprera Andrea , Milanesi Luciano , Faioni Elena M , Rovida Ermanna 
Published: March 2007

Abstract

Background
Activated Protein C (ProC) is an anticoagulant plasma serine protease which also plays an important role in controlling inflammation and cell proliferation. Several mutations of the gene are associated with phenotypic functional deficiency of protein C, and with the risk of developing venous thrombosis. Structure prediction and computational analysis of the mutants have proven to be a valuable aid in understanding the molecular aspects of clinical thrombophilia.

Results
We have built a specialized relational database and a search tool for natural mutants of protein C. It contains 195 entries that include 182 missense and 13 stop mutations. A menu driven search engine allows the user to retrieve stored information for each variant, that include genetic as well as structural data and a multiple alignment highlighting the substituted position. Molecular models of variants can be visualized with interactive tools; PDB coordinates of the models are also available for further analysis. Furthermore, an automatic modelling interface allows the user to generate multiple alignments and 3D models of new variants.

Conclusion
ProCMD is an up-to-date interactive mutant database that integrates phenotypical descriptions with functional and structural data obtained by computational approaches. It will be useful in the research and clinical fields to help elucidate the chain of events leading from a molecular defect to the related disease. It is available for academics at the URL http://www.itb.cnr.it/procmd/.
NF-κB mediates the transcription of mouse calsarcin-1 gene, but not calsarcin-2, in C2C12 cells
Authors: Wang Heng , Yang Shulin , Yang E , Zhu Zhengmao , Mu Yulian , Feng Shutang , Li Kui 
Published: March 2007

Abstract

Background
The calsarcins comprise a novel family of muscle-specific calcineurin-interaction proteins that play an important role in modulating both the function and substrate specificity of calcineurin in muscle cells. The expression of calsarcin-1 (CS-1) is restricted to slow-twitch skeletal muscle fibres, whereas that of both calsarcin-2 (CS-2) and calsarcin-3 (CS-3) is enriched in fast-twitch fibres. However, the transcriptional control of this selective expression has not been previously elucidated.

Results
Our real-time RT-PCR analyses suggest that the expression of CS-1 and CS-2 is increased during the myogenic differentiation of mouse C2C12 cells. Promoter deletion analysis further suggests that an NF-κB binding site within the CS-1 promoter is responsible for the up-regulation of CS-1 transcription, but no similar mechanism was evident for CS-2. These findings are further supported by the results of EMSA analysis, as well as by overexpression and inhibition experiments in which NF-κB function was blocked by treatment with its inhibitor, PDTC. In addition, the overexpression of NFATc4 induces both the CS-1 and CS-2 promoters, whereas MEF2C only activates CS-1.

Conclusion
Our present data suggest that NF-κB is required for the transcription of mouse CS-1 but not CS-2, and that the regulation of the calsarcins is mediated also by the NFAT and MEF2 transcription factors. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing transcription in specific muscle fibre cells. The calsarcins may also serve as a valuable mechanistic tool to better understand the regulation of calcineurin signalling during muscle differentiation.