bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effect of radiation and natural convection in a rectangular enclosure discreetly heated from one side
Authors: Bahlaoui A. , Raji A. , Hasnaoui M. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe aim of this work consists of studying numerically the coupling between natural convection and radiation in a tall rectangular cavity by examining the effect of the emissivity of the walls, ε, the Rayleigh number, Ra, and the inclination of the cavity, θ, on the flow characteristics and the existence ranges of the multiple solutions obtained.Design/methodology/approachThe Navier‐Stokes equations were discretized by using a finite difference technique. The vorticity and energy equations were solved by the alternating direction implicit method. Values of the stream function were obtained by using the point successive over‐relaxation method. The calculation of the radiative heat exchange between the walls of the cavity is based on the radiosity method.FindingsFor an inclined cavity (θ=45°), up to four different solutions are obtained and their range of existence is found to be strongly dependent on the Rayleigh number and the emissivity of the cavity walls. In the case of a vertical cavity (θ=90°), the weak reduction of the convection effect due to radiation is largely compensated for by the contribution of the radiation which enhances the overall heat transfer through the cold surface of the cavity and favours the appearance of secondary cells.Originality/valueThe existence of multiple steady‐state solutions in an inclined cavity (θ=45°) and the number of the obtained solutions are affected by the presence of radiation. In face, the increase of the emissivity reduces the number of solutions for weak values of the Rayleigh number. Also, the increase of this parameter favours the multiplicity of solutions for all the considered values of the emissivity. For a vertical cavity (θ=90°), the effect of radiation generates an oscillatory convection for large values of the Rayleigh number.
Transient buoyant convection in a 45°‐inclined enclosure heated and cooled on adjacent walls
Authors: Aydin Orhan , Ünal Ahmet 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo conduct a numerical study on two‐dimensional, transient, buoyant flow inside an air‐filled 45°‐inclined enclosure, heated and cooled on adjacent walls.Design/methodology/approachThe governing equations obtained through the stream function‐vorticity formulation are solved using finite differences. Flow characteristics have been investigated for an aspect ratio of 1. Calculations are carried out for the Rayleigh numbers in the range of 103≤Ra≤5×107.FindingsWith the increasing Rayleigh number, four distinct flow regimes were identified based on the time variations of the mid‐point stream function and the mean Nusselt number at the heated wall as well as those of flow and temperature fields: steady flow with symmetric two cells at low Ra; steady flow with asymmetric two cells at lower moderate Ra; oscillatory flow with the periodic nature at upper moderate Ra; and oscillatory flow in chaotic nature at higher Ra range.Originality/valueThe distinct flow regimes are observed only at ϕ=45°; a small deviation of the tilting angle from ϕ=45° results in the disappearance of the distinction.
An advanced impingement/film cooling scheme for gas turbines – numerical study
Authors: Immarigeon A. , Hassan I. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe present study aims to conduct a numerical investigation of a novel film cooling scheme combining in‐hole impingement cooling and flow turbulators with traditional downstream film cooling, and was originally proposed by Pratt & Whitney Canada for high temperature gas turbine applications.Design/methodology/approachSteady‐state simulations were performed and the flow was considered incompressible and turbulent. The CFD package FLUENT 6.1 was used to solve the Navier‐Stokes equations numerically, and the preprocessor, Gambit, was used to generate the required grid.FindingsIt was determined that the proposed scheme geometry can prevent coolant lift‐off much better than standard round holes, since the cooling jet remains attached to the surface at much higher blowing rates, indicating a superior performance for the proposed scheme.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study was concerned only with the downstream effectiveness aspect of performance. The performance related to the heat transfer coefficient is a prospective topic for future studies.Practical implicationsAdvanced and innovative cooling techniques are essential in order to improve the efficiency and power output of gas turbines. This scheme combines in‐hole impingement cooling and flow turbulators with traditional downstream film cooling for improved cooling capabilities.Originality/valueThis new advanced cooling scheme both combines the advantages of traditional film cooling with those of impingement cooling, and provides greater airfoil protection than traditional film cooling. This study is of value for those interested in gas turbine cooling.
Effect of aspect ratio on the similarity between developing laminar flows in orthogonally rotating ducts and stationary curved ducts
Authors: Hee Lee Gong , Hyun Baek Je 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo investigate the effect of aspect ratio on the quantitative analogy between developing laminar flows in orthogonally rotating straight ducts and stationary curved ductsDesign/methodology/approachA fractional step method is used to obtain the numerical solution of the governing equations by decoupling the solution of the momentum equations from the solution of the continuity equation. In order to clarify the similarity of the two flows, dimensionless parameters KLR and Rossby number, Ro, in a rotating straight duct were used as a set corresponding to Dean number, KLC, and curvature ratio, λ, in a stationary curved duct.FindingsUnder the condition that the aspect ratio was larger than one and that the magnitude of Ro or λ was large enough to satisfy the “asymptotic invariance property” the quantitative analogy between the two flows was established clearly.Research limitations/implicationsAs the aspect ratio decreased below one, the difference between the secondary flow intensities of these two flows increased, and therefore, the analogy between the two flows was not as evident as that for the larger aspect ratios.Practical implicationsBased on this methodology, the characteristics of the developing flow in orthogonally rotating ducts of higher aspect ratio can be predicted by considering the flow in stationary curved ducts, and vice versa.Originality/valueThe results obtained in this study will suggest an optimal criterion for the application of this approach to the flow similarity analysis in rectangular ducts with arbitrary aspect ratios.
Numerical simulations of three‐dimensional transitional compressible flows in turbomachinery cascades
Authors: De Palma P. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a validation of a state‐of‐the‐art methodology for computing three‐dimensional transitional flows in turbomachinery.Design/methodology/approachThe Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations for compressible flows are solved. Turbulence is modeled using an explicit algebraic stress model and k−ω turbulence closure. A numerical method has been developed, based on a cell‐centered finite volume approach with Roe's approximate Riemann solver and formally second‐order‐accurate MUSCL extrapolation. The method is validated versus two severe test cases, namely, the subsonic flow through a turbine cascade with separated‐flow transition; and the transonic flow through a compressor cascade with transitional boundary layers, shock‐induced separation and corner stall. For the first test case, the transition model of Mayle for separated flow has been employed, whereas, for the second one, the transition has been modeled employing the Abu‐Ghannam and Shaw correlation.FindingsThe comparison of numerical results with the experimental data available in the literature shows that, for such complex flow configurations, an improved numerical solution could be achieved by employing transition models. Unfortunately, the available models are case‐dependent, each of them being suitable for specific applications.Originality/valueA state‐of‐the‐art numerical methodology has been developed and applied to compute very complex flows in turbomachinery. Through an original analysis of the results, the merits and limits of the considered approach have been assessed. The paper points up the fundamental role of transition modeling for turbomachinery flow simulations.
Meshless local radial basis function collocation method for convective‐diffusive solid‐liquid phase change problems
Authors: Vertnik Robert , Šarler Božidar 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a new local radial basis function collocation method (LRBFCM) for one‐domain solving of the non‐linear convection‐diffusion equation, as it appears in mixture continuum formulation of the energy transport in solid‐liquid phase change systems.Design/methodology/approachThe method is structured on multiquadrics radial basis functions. The collocation is made locally over a set of overlapping domains of influence and the time stepping is performed in an explicit way. Only small systems of linear equations with the dimension of the number of nodes in the domain of influence have to be solved for each node. The method does not require polygonisation (meshing). The solution is found only on a set of nodes.FindingsThe computational effort grows roughly linearly with the number of the nodes. Results are compared with the existing steady analytical solutions for one‐dimensional convective‐diffusive problem with and without phase change. Regular and randomly displaced node arrangements have been employed. The solution is compared with the results of the classical finite volume method. Excellent agreement with analytical solution and reference numerical method has been found.Practical implicationsA realistic two‐dimensional non‐linear industrial test associated with direct‐chill, continuously cast aluminium alloy slab is presented.Originality/valueA new meshless method is presented which is simple, efficient, accurate, and applicable in industrial convective‐diffusive solid‐liquid phase‐change problems with non‐linear material properties.
Career advancement in Australian middle managers: a follow‐up study
Authors: Wood Glenice J. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe current study followed up middle managers who had participated in a survey on attitudes to promotion in 1996. The vast majority of the original sample had responded favourably to the question: “Do you want to obtain a senior management position during your managerial career?” In addition, respondents were asked “How confident are you that this will happen?” and “How soon do you feel this will happen?” The aim of this follow up qualitative study is to contact as many of these individuals as possible, to explore the outcome to these questions, and to track what has happened to them in their management careers over the past eight years.Design/methodology/approachInterviews were conducted with 19 male and 11 female managers. Outcomes of promotion aspirations were sought, and factors that contributed to success and personal strategies that may have been set in place were explored, as were factors that had hindered their progress. In addition, views were sought on future aspirations for promotion.FindingsResults indicated gender differences in outcome of promotion, in both proportions of women achieving senior roles, and the time it took for males and females to obtain these promotions with more male middle managers achieving their promotion to senior roles, in less time, than their female colleagues.Practical implicationsThe findings were considered in relation to the ongoing career advancement of men and women in management, and in particular, the continuing disproportionate numbers of men and women in senior management roles.Originality/valueAs a follow‐up study, confirms that fewer female managers are being promoted to senior roles despite an obvious desire on their part such promotion and their confidence in obtaining it fairly quickly.
Comprehensive planning and the role of SDSS in flood disaster management in Malaysia
Authors: Billa Lawal , Shattri Mansor , Rodzi Mahmud Ahmad , Halim Ghazali Abdul 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo present a comprehensive flood management plan for Malaysia, the various planning stages and the proponents of the plan. It is also to expound and highlight the importance of spatial information technology in the strategy and to outline the critical decision‐making at various levels of the plan.Design/methodology/approachA review of flood disaster management aimed at providing an insight into the strategies for a comprehensive flood disaster management for Malaysia. Discussion of the framework of a spatial decision support system (SDSS) and its role in decision‐making in a comprehensive disaster management plan.FindingsProvides information about a proposed comprehensive disaster management program for Malaysia and highlight the role of SDSS in improving decision‐making. It recognizes the strength of SDSS in the collection and processing of information to speed up communication between the proponents of the disaster management program. A well‐design SDSS for flood disaster management should present a balance among capabilities of dialog, data and modeling.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has outlined the links and components of SDSS and not its development processes; this may limit the used of this paper in in‐depth study of the development if SDSS. Some source for detail study of the development of SDSS have, however, been cited.Practical implicationsThis paper is a very useful source of information about the preparation of a comprehensive disaster management program. It also sheds light on the role of SDSS in improving and speeding up communication between the various proponents of the program. Researcher and students will fine, it provides general guidelines and framework for disaster planning and management.Originality/valueThis paper fulfills flood disaster study need for developing a comprehensive disaster management program. It presents the framework of SDSS, the interrelationship between their various components and how they play a role in decision‐making.
Disaster and prevention management for the NASA shuttle during lift‐off
Authors: Rabelo Luis , Sepulveda Jose , Compton Jeppie , Moraga Reinaldo , Turner Robert 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe main objective of this paper is to introduce the development of a decision‐support environment for space range safety. Simulation modeling can provide a good environment to support disaster and prevention management.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the different models and the processes to find the different knowledge sources. This will help determine emergency management procedures.FindingsThis case study provides guidance and an example to follow for other problems in aerospace. There are important factors to consider in order to implement risk management in NASA.Research limitations/implicationsThere are several limitations; first debris effects need to be added.Practical implicationsFirst, the paper provides a guide in order to persuade managers of the utilization of decision support systems based on geographical information systems. Second, it shows that there is open source software which can be used and integrated to make a more comprehensive environment. Validation is a big issue.Originality/valueThis is the first implementation of a virtual range. This will be valuable to other safety managers not only aerospace but also environmentalists and homeland security managers.
Coordinating disaster prevention and management in Hawaii
Authors: Prizzia Ross 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo advance knowledge and application of public and private coordination in the field of homeland security, disaster prevention and management.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach is utilized combined with a meta‐analysis and general literature review of relevant studies and secondary sources.FindingsHawaii's unique topography and geography has provided opportunities to experiment with new disaster prevention and management technologies and strategies of public and private sector coordination applicable to the Asia and Pacific region.Originality/valueThe analysis and synthesis of relevant studies relevant and sources from the Department of Defense (DoD) and federal, state and local agencies provide a comprehensive as well as unique context to explore and implement new strategies and improved methods of coordination in disaster prevention and management at the state, national and international level.
A chronology of high‐magnitude snow avalanches reconstructed from archived newspapers
Authors: Sawyer Carol F. , Butler David R. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeUsing local historical data, the purpose of this paper is to compile a chronology of high‐magnitude snow avalanches to illustrate the effectiveness of information published in newspapers in assisting the management of natural hazards.Design/methodology/approachMajor transportation lines parallel the southern boundary of Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, an area where snow avalanches occur frequently and occasionally block transportation corridors. A 1986 study presented an avalanche chronology for the study area based on information collected from the 1946 to 1982 issues of a local weekly newspaper. We extend that existing data set here by using the same newspaper, recording avalanche occurrences and impacts reported in the newspaper from 1982 to 2005.FindingsThe newly updated chronology is presented, with trends and temporal patterns for the entire 1946‐2005 data set analyzed. A decrease in reported avalanches, from the 1960s onward, is noted. Additionally, reported avalanches shifted from occurring most frequently in February to January in the last 20 years.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of this research illustrate the use of newspaper reports as an inexpensive, but effective, way to compile a chronology of high‐magnitude snow avalanches. This research method tends to underreport smaller magnitude events that do not affect the transportation linkages.Practical implicationsSnow avalanche managers could use this method to compile a chronology of events when other, more traditional techniques, are not available or too expensive.Originality/valueThis paper uses a rarely utilized but inexpensive and widely available data source to construct a 59‐year avalanche chronology in an area constantly threatened by snow avalanches.
Drugs education: sitting still on the Circle Line …
Authors: Joyce Ruth 
Published: July 2006

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the development of drug education and its evaluation in England over the last 20 years.Design/methodology/approachOutlines key developments.FindingsMost of the approaches to drug education which have been tried have failed to change young people's drug‐related behaviour, but there is reason to feel optimistic about more informed, evidence based, multi‐component approaches, such as the English “Blueprint” programme.Originality/valueProvides an overview of drug education and its evaluation, so is therefore useful for policy makers and practitioners.
Investing in inclusion
Authors: Burnett Tony 
Published: July 2006

PurposeAims to explain why the genuine inclusion of workers, regardless of sex, race, age, religion or nationality, will become a business imperative in the years ahead.Design/methodology/approachHighlights the differences between diversity and inclusion, defines a truly inclusive organization and outlines the steps that must be taken to become one.FindingsContends that organizations that fail to put processes in place to encourage, train, motivate and give responsibility to employees from minority groups will find themselves at a serious disadvantage.Practical implicationsDemonstrates that becoming an inclusive organization covers not only hiring and firing, but also training and development, and has trade‐union and other contractual consequences.Originality/valueTargets managers who seek to make their organizations more inclusive, but do not know how to go about it.
Cesky Telecom dials up HR help
Authors: Beal Brian 
Published: July 2006

PurposeAnalyses the effects on human‐resource management of the privatization of the Czech Republic's former state‐owned telecommunication monopoly, Cesky Telecom.Design/methodology/approachA review of an article based on a research that used a qualitative approach that supported an in‐depth case‐study analysis.FindingsFinds that management strategies at Cesky Telecom exhibited some similarities with those of western telecommunication companies facing similar deregulation issues, but these processes were tempered by country‐specific historical and institutional factors.Practical implicationsConstitutes a useful source of information for human‐resource management (HRM) specialists who wish to manage workers in the Czech Republic.Originality/valueProvides a case study in an important strategic sector that has undergone large‐scale change.
Using enablers of the EFQM model to manage institutions of higher education
Authors: Calvo‐Mora Arturo , Leal Antonio , Roldán José L. 
Published: July 2006

PurposeTo analyse the implicit relationships among enabler agents of the European excellence model to serve as a framework for the management and improvement of the quality in higher education institutions.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses set out are based on the structure and meaning of the EFQM model and a review of the TQM literature. The empirical study was developed in 111 Spanish public university centres, and used the partial least squares (PLS) technique to test these hypotheses.FindingsThe results achieved support the relationships hypothesized and indicate the role of enabler agents as a basis for establishing a management model that leads universities towards excellence.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation is related to the notion of causality. Our study has considered a soft modelling approach directed more towards prediction than causality.Practical implicationsThe role of senior management stands out among the key activities. The top management leads the excellence development of key processes in the university through appropriate leadership, strategy formulation, establishment of partnerships, resource allocation, and human resources management.Originality/valueThe current work is one of the first studies dealing with the testing of implicit relationships set out by the EFQM model among enablers. The comprehension of these relationships provides a guide to implement, develop, assess and improve higher education institutions.