bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of chemotherapy in an MFD‐radiotherapy plan for advanced inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Corvo Renzo , Merlano Marco , Looney William B. , Benasso Marco , Bacigalupo Almalina , Margarino Giovanni 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFrom January 1987 to May 1988, 16 patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck received combined treatment, based on an alternating schedule of chemotherapy and multiple fractions per day (MFD)‐radiotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of cisplatin, 20 mg/m2, followed by 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), 200 mg/m2 i.v. push, from days 1 to 5 during weeks 1, 5, and 9. Radiotherapy was administered in two courses of 32 Gy each (total dose, 64 Gy) during weeks 2 and 3 and 6 and 7. Each course was given in two fractions per day, 5 days per week. The 16 patients were evaluated for toxicity and response. We observed 7 complete responders, 6 partial responders, and 3 nonresponders. The overall response rate was 81%. Toxicity was heavy: 44% of the patients developed grade III‐IV mucositis. Our results suggest that cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil alternating with MFD‐radiotherapy is effective; however, a new less toxic scheduling must be determinated.
Computed tomography of the clinically negative neck
Authors: Stern Wendy B. R. , Silver Carl E. , Zeifer Barbara A. , Persky Mark S. , Heller Keith S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMembers of the New York Head and Neck Society conducted a multi‐institutional review correlating preoperative computed tomography (CT) of the neck with postoperative pathology in 59 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, without palpable lymphadenopathy. All underwent CT followed by surgery that included partial or complete cervical lymphadenectomy. Sixteen (28%) patients had occult cervical metastases including 6 (17%) of 36 patients with “early stage” (T1 and T2) primary tumors and 10 (44%) of 23 patients with “advanced” (T3 or T4) lesions. There was agreement of CT scan findings with presence or absence of metastatic disease in 41 (69%) of 59 studies, with sensitivity 38%, and with specificity 81%. Findings of central lucency and nodal confluence were highly reliable indicators of malignancy, whereas nodal size bore a less direct relationship. Intravenous contrast medium was useful for anatomical delineation, but not for identification of malignancy. Review of films by a single radiologist did not produce greater diagnostic accuracy than the original interpretations. The authors conclude that while it is not possible to identify all instances of cervical node involvement, employment of CT in addition to physical examination and prognostication.
Spontaneous and nonspontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis
Authors: Chowdhury Khalid , Bloom Joseph , Black Martin J. , Al‐Noury Khaled 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNonspontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) is an uncommon condition historically associated with deep neck infections during the pre‐antibiotic era. Today, trauma to the internal jugular vein from catheterization and repeated intravenous injections by drug users are the leading causes of thrombosis, with direct extension of tumor being a rare cause. Spontaneous IJVT occurs when there are no apparent predisposing causes, although many of these patients may harbor an occult malignant neoplasm. Therefore, careful investigation and follow‐up are imperative in these patients. The diagnosis of IJVT is readily confirmed by contrast‐enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Management of IJVT involves anticoagulation, antibiotics, and with few indications for surgical intervention.
Unexpected lymph node pathology in neck dissection for head and neck cancer
Authors: Ratcliffe Robert J. , Soutar David S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe pathological findings in 62 patients with head and neck cancers who underwent neck dissection during a 12‐month period are presented. Histological confirmation of metastatic disease was obtained in 46 cases (74%). In the remaining 16 cases (26%), there was no evidence of metastasis from the primary tumor. In 7 cases (11%), there was unexpected pathology in the cervical lymph nodes which was not related to the primary tumor. Accurate clinical staging of head and neck tumors is made increasingly more difficult in such cases where unrelated or dual lymph node pathology exists.
Investigation of urinary transforming growth factor alpha levels as tumor markers in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Fazekas‐May Mary , Suen James Y. , Yeh Yun Chi , Yeh Hsing Wu , Milligan Lynda Beth 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine whether transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) levels could be used as nonspecific tumor markers in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck. Fourteen patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck were followed with serial urine TGF alpha levels, and the results were compared with the extent of cancer and the course of the disease. Based on the findings of this study further research is necessary before urine TGF levels can be recommended as a routine screening test for SCC of the head and neck.
Familial occurrence of carotid body tumors
Authors: Shedd Donald P. , Arias Joanna D. , Glunk Richard P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFour new cases of carotid body tumors are reported, all familial, including 2 patients with bilateral tumors. The embryology, physiology, pathology, natural history, and treatment of these rare tumors are reviewed. It is recommended that all carotid body tumors be excised unless there are contraindicating medical or technical reasons.
Arteriovenous malformation of the maxilla
Authors: Kennedy Kevin S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe highly vascular nature of the head and neck area provides a particularly enhanced challenge to the head and neck surgeon when a vascular lesion is encountered. Vascular malformations in this area are classified according to the microanatomical architecture and clinical appearance of the lesion. Although bleeding is a common presentation with vascular malformations, other local and systemic problems may be associated with this problem. An unusual case of an arteriovenous malformation of the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses which caused persistent and recurrent epistaxis is presented. A review of the current literature concerning vascular lesions of the head and neck area is included. Adequate treatment of this lesion presently includes angiographically controlled vascular embolization followed by complete surgical excision.
Preliminary trial of nonrecombinant interferon alpha in recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Vlock Daniel R. , Johnson Jonas , Myers Eugene , Day Roger , Gooding William E. , Whiteside Theresa , Pelch Karen , Sigler Barbara , Wagner Robin , Colao Denise , Rust Deborah 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFourteen patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) were treated with 10 × 106 U of nonrecombinant interferon alpha (IFN) intramuscularly (IM) daily for 3 days every 28 days. There were 11 men and 3 women, with ages ranging from 48 to 74 years. Patients had previously been treated with surgery (9 patients), radiotherapy (13 patients), or chemotherapy (8 patients). All patient had measurable disease by physical exam and radiologic evaluation and a performance status of ⩽2 (ECOG). Patients were treated for a minimum of 3 months and continued on therapy until disease progression. The dose and treatment schedule of IFN was well‐tolerated. Toxicities included low‐grade fever, mild anorexia, and malaise. Treatment was stopped in 1 patient due to the development of atrial fibrillation. One death occurred as a complication of aspiration pneumonia 2 weeks following the onset of therapy and was not felt to be related to IFN therapy. Of the 14 patients treated, there was 1 complete response (30+ months) of a base of tongue primary. Two patients had stabilization of disease (SD, 8 and 12 months). One patient had a mixed response with resolution of subcutaneous nodules. The remaining 10 patients died of progressive disease. Immunoogical assessment was performed on 8 patients. The 1 patient who has a complete response was noted to have markedly low pretreatment natural killer (NK) cell activity and subsequent sharp rise in activity after intial treatment. We conclude that low‐dose cyclic IFN is well‐tolerated in patients with recurrent SCCHN and has potential antitumor activity.
Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck
Authors: Stern Scott J. , Guillamondegui Oscar M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractForty‐two patients with mucosal melanoma of the head and neck were treated at the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1944‐1989. Their records were evaluated regarding: location of the primary, stage of the disease at presentation, type of treatment, location of recurrences, and overall survival. These patients received the majority of their therapy at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The treatment consisted of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these. The 5‐year survival rate was 40%. Twenty‐four of 27 patients who died with metastatic melanoma had local or regional disease concomitantly. Forty percent of patients were free of disease at 5 years; however, only 26% had long‐term survival. Although the majority of patients eventually succumbed to their disease, local and regional control was obtained initially in 92% of the group. These data indicate that prolonged survival is possible with mucosal melanoma of the head and neck; however, recurrence or metastasis remain possible many years after the initial diagnosis.
Neurofibroma of the vagus nerve in the head and neck: A case report
Authors: Peetermans Johan F. E. , Van de Heyning Paul H. , Parizel Paul M. , Martin Jean J. , Forton Glen E. J. , Vanmaele Rudolphe G. M. , Valcke Hélène H. D. , Marquet Jean F. E. , De Schepper Arthur M. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of a tumor of the vagus nerve, showing typical features of a neurofibroma, is presented. The natural history is reviewed, and several technical investigations, with particular reference to the contributions of magnetic resonance imaging and immuno‐histochemical techniques in the differential diagnosis, are discussed.
Congenital middle ear encephalocele initially seen with facial paresis
Authors: Uri Nechama , Shupak Avi , Greenberg Elhanan , Kelner Judith 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCongenital middle ear encephalocele (CMEE) is a rare entity, previously reported in only 29 patients. It might originate from dehiscence of the tegmen tympani or antri or the bony plate of the posterior fossa. The common presenting symptoms are spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea and/or rhinor‐rhea, persistent “serous otitis media,” conductive hearing loss, and, occasionally, recurrent meningitis. We report a case of CMEE initially seen with progressive facial paresis, review the previously reported cases of CMEE, and discuss the pathogenesis and surgical management.
Outpatient and short‐stay thyroid surgery
Authors: Gerfo Paul Lo , Gates Richard , Gazetas Polyxene 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWith the realization that simple thyroid procedures had a very low rate of complication and that patients often seemed well enough to go home from the recovery room, we began performing them in an ambulatory surgery setting. We review here 134 consecutive thyroid procedures performed at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center between July 1987 and July 1989. Patients undergoing reoperation, neck dissection, sternal splits, or other concomitant procedures were excluded. There were 105 women and 29 men with an average age of 47 years. Fifty percent of the operations were performed for benign disease, although the most common diagnosis was papillary cancer (44%). Twenty‐one operations (16%) were performed under local anesthesia. Most patients underwent surgery in our ambulatory surgery unit and 76 were discharged the day of surgery. Of these patients, 21 underwent total thyroidectomy, 13 subtotal thyroidectomy, and 42 simple thyroid lobectomy. Of the 58 patients who were admitted, 53 were discharged on the day following surgery. The average length of stay was 0.49 days. Extensive pre‐ and postoperative teaching was given regarding the signs and symptoms associated with the complications of thyroid surgery. All patients were felt to be reliable and capable of understanding the procedure and of complying with the postoperative plans. Postoperative complications included 8 patients (6%) with transient hypocalcemia and 1 patient (0.75%) with permanent unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. All complications occurred in patients who underwent total thyroidectomies. No patient had a postoperative complication requiring reoperation or readmission. We conclude that by using specific selection criteria, thyroid lobectomies and subtotal thyroidectomies can be performed safely in an ambulatory surgery setting without increase in morbidity or mortality.
Maxillary swing approach to the orbit
Authors: Lam Kam H. , Lau Wai F. , Yue Chung P. , Wei William I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new surgical approach to the inferior half of the orbit is described and 2 cases are presented. The approach involves releasing the roof and the anterior wall of the maxillary antrum by osteotomies, keeping their blood supply via the attached masseter muscle, and swinging the osteoplastic flap away from the orbit. With the wide exposure gained, the retrobulbar tumor or large orbital floor tumor is dealt with, and the mobilized bone is replaced and wired into position. There is no postoperative disturbance of cosmetic appearance.
Interleukin‐2 injected around tumor‐draining lymph nodes in head and neck cancer
Authors: Cortesina Giorgio , De Stefani Antonella , Galeazzi Emanuela , Cavallo Giovanni P. , Jemma Cristina , Giovarelli Mirella , Vai Stefania , Forni Guido 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty patients with recurrent, inoperable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma received perilymphatic injections of natural interleukin‐2 (nlL‐2) for 10 days. Ten patients received 200 units (U) of nlL‐2; five 1,000 U; and five 5,000 U. Irrespective of the location of the recurrence, the injections were always performed 1.5 cm below the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the mastoid. When the ipsilateral lymphatic chain was still present, they were performed on the same side as the tumor site, whereas when it had been stripped as a result of previous surgery, they were contralateral. Patients who had undergone bilateral neck dissection were injected on the tumor side. Whenever possible, the treatment was repeated after 45 day intervals. In 13 patients (65%) with bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, complete or partial disappearance of the lesion was observed. Despite these marked responses, the tumor always relapsed, and subsequent IL‐2 courses were poorly effective. There were no systemic disturbances during or after treatment, but only moderate local swelling and pain.
Laryngotracheal stenosis: A 5‐year review
Authors: Smith Richard J. H. , Catlin Francis L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty‐seven children with varying degrees of laryngotracheal stenosis were treated at Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) from January 1984 to January 1989. Nineteen children had a residual airway demonstrable preoperatively, and following laryngotra‐cheoplasty, 18 (95%) were successfully decannulated; all but 1 had a normal voice. Eight children had complete stenosis. Of these children, 6 could be decannulated, but 3 required a second laryngotracheoplasty. Four children now have voice abnormalities.
Bone contouring and fixation in functional, primary microvascular mandibular reconstruction
Authors: Buchbinder Daniel , Urken Mark L. , Vickery Carlin , Weinberg Hubert , Biller Hugh F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExperience in over 65 cases of microvascular mandibular reconstruction has resulted in the development of reliable techniques for bone fixation and contouring to achieve the best functional results. Methods of graft contouring and the application of rigid internal fixation are described in detail. Unusual situations in which the tumor extends through the buccal cortex of the mandible, and when condylar replacement is necessary, are presented. The options for managing these situations are discussed.
Ancient neurilemmoma of the infratemporal fossa: A case report
Authors: Ogren Frederic P. , Wisecarver James L. , Lydiatt Daniel D. , Linder James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAncient neurilemmoma (schwannoma) is a rare variant of the neurilemmoma. It is a slow‐growing, benign neoplasm with a favorable clinical course. Histologically, it can be confused with a sarcoma. A case of an ancient neurilemmoma of the infratemporal fossa is reported. The clinical, histologic, radiologic, and surgical aspects of this tumor are discussed with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment.
Toxic shock syndrome following functional endonasal sinus surgery: A case report
Authors: Younis Ramzi T. , Gross Charles W. , Lazar Rande H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractToxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a serious multisystem disease that was first described in 1978 by Todd. It occurs most often in menstruating women using superabsorbent tampons. The exact pathogenesis is not well understood, but it is felt to be due to the effects of an enterotoxin produced by certain strains of Staphyloccus aureus. The reported incidence of TSS following nasal surgery is 16/100,000. We report a case of TSS following endo‐nasal sinus surgery in which minimal packing was used. The nasal surgeon should be aware of this rare and possibly fatal entity, as TSS may occur following any nasal/sinus surgery, even where packing is minimal and of short duration and when the patient is receiving antibiotic therapy.
Carcinoma of the tonsillar fossa: A nonrandomized comparison of irradiation alone or combined with surgery: Long‐term results
Authors: Perez Carlos A. , Carmichael Thomas , Devineni Venkata R. , Simpson Joseph R. , Fredrickson John , Sessions Donald , Spector Gershon , Fineberg Barbara 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe results of therapy are reported in 296 patients with histologically proven epidermoid carcinoma of the tonsillar fossa; 127 were treated with irradiation alone (5,500 to 7,000 cGy), 133 with preoperative radiotherapy (2,000 to 3,000 cGy) or were initially planned for preoperative irradiation but treated with radiotherapy alone, and 36 with postoperative irradiation (5,000 to 6,000 cGy). The operation in all but 4 patients consisted of an en bloc radical tonsillectomy with ipsilateral lymph node dissection. Actuarial 5‐year no evidence of disease (NED) was as follows: survival rates for patients with T1 tumors, 76%; T2, 54%; T3, 45%; and T4, 20%. Patients with no cervical lymphadenopathy or with a small metastatic lymph node (N1) had better relapse‐free survival (60% to 70% at 5 years) than those with large or fixed lymph nodes (30% to 40%). Primary tumor recurrence rate in the T1‐T2 groups was about 20% in patients treated with irradiation and surgery and 30% for those treated with irradiation alone (difference not statistically significant), 30% in patients with stage T3 lesions in all treatment groups, and 33% in patients with T4 disease treated with surgery and postoperative irradiation compared to 52% with irradiation alone (p = 0.03). The overall recurrence rate in the neck was about 20% for the N0 patients, 25% for N1, and 30% for those with N2 and N3 cervical lymph nodes in the 4 treatment groups. The incidence of contralateral neck recurrences was about 8% with the various treatment modalities. Fatal complications were noted in 7 of 133 patients treated with preoperative irradiation in contrast to only 2 (1.5%) of 127 patients treated with radiotherapy alone. Other severe nonfatal sequelae were noted in 33.8% of the patients treated with preoperative irradiation and surgery, in 22% with postoperative irradiation, and in 18% with radiotherapy alone. We conclude that radiotherapy remains the treatment of choice for patients with stage T1‐T2 carcinoma of the tonsillar fossa. In selected T3‐T4 cases a combination of surgery and postoperative irradiation appears to offer better tumor control, but the possibility of greater morbidity must be considered.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in cranial base surgery
Authors: Carrau Ricardo L. , Snyderman Carl , Janecka Ivo P. , Sekhar Laligam , Sen Chandra , D'Amico Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis was investigated in 95 patients undergoing 100 clean‐contaminated cranial base surgeries. A variety of antibiotic regimens were employed. Potential risk factors for local infection were analyzed. Seven patients (7%) developed infections at the surgical site (meningitis, intracranial abscess, cellulitis/abscess, and osteomyelitis). Antibiotic prophylaxis for 24 hours or less was associated with a significantly increased risk of infection (p < 0.04). Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis (>48 hours) was not more efficacious than prophylaxis for 48 hours. The surgical approach, type of reconstruction, duration of surgery, and use of drains were not significantly correlated with wound infection. The risk of intracranial infection following cranial base surgery is low despite the presence of bacterial contamination intraoperatively. Broad‐spectrum coverage of gram‐positive and gram‐negative organisms for at least 48 hours is recommended. Attention to surgical technique is important in preventing infectious complications.
Laryngeal flap for hypopharynx reconstruction
Authors: Cook David W. , Canepa Clifford , Winek Thomas , Sasaki Truman M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHypopharynx repair following resection of a pyriform sinus carcinoma may be accomplished primarily or involve a more extensive procedure, such as a free intestinal graft. Described herein is a laryngeal flap which may be used to repair a hypopharyngeal defect when a strip of mucosa, too narrow for a primary repair, is left. This method has been used successfully in 4 patients and has saved these patients from more extensive repairs.
Swallowing recovery following anterior tongue and floor of mouth surgery
Authors: Hamlet Sandra , Jones Lewis , Patterson Robin , Michou Gina , Cislo Charlotte 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVideofluoroscopic and clinical data are presented for postsurgical recovery of tongue and hyoid activity during swallowing. Comparison is made to normal controls. Postsurgery, but prior to radiotherapy, both the lingual propulsive gesture and hyoid velocity were slower than normal. These features of the swallow had returned to the normal range following radiotherapy. The general sequencing of swallowing events, and the relationship of the end of the tongue propulsion to anterior hyoid motion were normal in those patients able to swallow. In this patient group, postsurgical radiotherapy did not prevent continued recovery of swalloging function sufficient for oral nutrition.