bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐resolution continuously acquired peripheral MR angiography featuring partial parallel imaging GRAPPA
Authors: Zenge Michael O. , Vogt Florian M. , Brauck Katja , Jökel Michaela , Barkhausen Joerg , Kannengiesser Stephan , Ladd Mark E. , Quick Harald H. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractContinuously‐moving‐table MRI, in contrast to traditional multistation techniques, potentially can improve the scan time efficiency of whole‐body applications and provide seamless images of an extended field of view (FOV). Contrast‐enhanced MR angiography (CE‐MRA) in particular requires high spatial resolution and at the same time has rigid scan time constraints due to the limited arterial contrast window. In this study a reconstruction method for continuously acquired 3D data sets during table movement was combined with a self‐calibrated partial parallel imaging algorithm (generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA)). The method was applied to peripheral CE‐MRA and compared with a standard continuously‐moving‐table MRA protocol. The gain in scan time was used to increase the data acquisition matrix and decrease the slice thickness. The method was evaluated in five healthy volunteers and applied to one patient with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). The protocols were intraindividually compared with respect to the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) in selected vessel segments, as well as overall vessel depiction. The combination of the continuously‐moving‐table technique with parallel imaging enabled the acquisition of seamless peripheral 3D MRA with increased resolution and an overall crisper appearance. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the enforcing energy conservation of time finite elements for discrete elasto‐dynamics problems
Authors: Bui Q. V. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractIn the context of the time‐finite element method, algorithmic stresses, which enable the conservation of energy, are designed for temporal integrators derived from the midpoint and trapezoidal schemes. This is achieved through an appropriate modification of the standard midpoint and trapezoidal quadrature rules used for the numerical integration of time integrals. Either scalar scaling or vectorial adjustments can be employed for the modification, and well‐designed simple tests allow to investigate the quality of these different strategies of energy‐conserving enforcements. Numerical examples with semi‐discrete elasto‐dynamics problems are presented to show the superior stability of energy‐conserving schemes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Load balance in total knee arthroplasty: an in vitro analysis
Authors: El‐Hawary Ron , Roth Sandra E. , King Graham J. W. , Chess David G. , Johnson James A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBackgroundOne of the goals of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to balance the loads between the compartments of the knee. An instrumented load cell that measures compartment loads in real time is utilized to evaluate conventional, qualitative methods of achieving this balance.MethodsTKA was performed on 10 cadaveric knees. Prior to and after load balancing, compartment forces were measured at flexion angles of 0–90°. Knees were randomly assigned into one of two groups, based upon whether or not the surgeons could visualize the load cell's output during balancing.ResultsPrior to attempting load balance, there were significant differences between the medial and lateral compartment loads for all knees (p < 0.05). After attempting balance with the aid of the load cell, there was equal load balance at all angles studied. Without the aid of the load cell, balance was not consistently achieved at every angle.ConclusionsConventional load balancing techniques in TKA are not perfect. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relationship between psychopathic traits measured by the Youth Psychopathic trait Inventory and psychopathology in a UK sample of conduct disordered boys
Authors: Dolan Mairead C. , Rennie Charlotte E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe Youth Psychopathy traits Inventory (YPI) is a newly developed self‐report measure of psychopathy. There are no studies looking at the validity of this measure in UK samples. We assessed 115 male adolescents (mean age 16.22 years) with DSM‐IV conduct disorder on a range of measures including the YPI, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and the Impulsivity‐Venturesomeness‐Empathy Questionnaire (IVE). The YPI had showed the expected positive correlations with aggression, delinquency and impulsivity. The YPI was able to identify a “psychopathic‐like” subgroup with higher impulsive/aggressive and delinquent scores and lower empathy. The YPI may be of value as a screening tool for cases that require further assessment and evaluation using interview based measures of psychopathic traits.
Effects of edaravone on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA)‐mediated cytochrome c release and apoptosis in neonatal rat cerebrocortical slices
Authors: Nakano‐Okuda Yumi , Hasegawa Koh , Hirai Kiyoshi , Kanai‐Ochiai Rika , Morimoto Masafumi , Sugimoto Toru 
Published: September 2006

AbstractN‐Methyl‐d‐aspartate‐mediated neurotoxicity is known to involve nitric oxide production and to be augmented in an environment of reactive oxygen species. We used TUNEL staining and homogenous cytosolic immunoreactivity of cytochrome c in an acute brain slice preparation to investigate the influence of edaravone (3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazolin‐5‐one), a free radical scavenger, on N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate‐induced apoptosis. Cerebrocortical slices were obtained from parietal lobes of 7‐day‐old Sprague‐Dawley rats, superfused with well‐oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid, and metabolically recovered. Subsequent 30‐min exposures to 10 μM N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate in treated and untreated slices were followed by 4 h of recovery superfusion with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Outcomes were compared for three groups of slices: “the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate‐only group”; “the edaravone treatment group”, which had 20 μM edaravone present throughout and subsequent to N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate exposure; the “control group”, in which slices were superfused only with oxygenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid. At the conclusion of recovery (t = 4 h), the percentage of TUNEL‐positive cells in the edaravone treatment group (7.0 ± 3.3%) was significantly reduced from the percentage for the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate‐only group (21.9 ± 4.1%), and insignificantly greater than the percentage for the control group (3.4 ± 2.1%). Percentages of cytochrome c positive cells at t = 1 h were significantly increased (p < 0.01) in the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate‐only group (30.6 ± 1.9%) compared to percentages for both the control group (11.4 ± 2.6%) and the edaravone treatment group (15.2 ± 2.1%). Edaravone's reduction in TUNEL staining and cytochrome c release provides evidence of reactive oxygen species mechanisms and antioxidant benefits in cytochrome c‐mediated apoptosis during N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate excitotoxicity.
Analysing homœopathic prescribing using the READ Classification and information technology
Authors: Fisher Peter , Van Haselen R.A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSome practical results of computerized data collection are presented. Use was made of the ABIES relational database which supports a medical nomenclature called the READ classification. The Glasgow, Royal London and Bristol Homœopathic Hospitals have been working together on this project.For practical purposes the main focus in this study has been rheumatoid arthritis. The broader objective, however, is to show the potential of systematic computerized data collection for homœopathy in general.
A study of antibody formation by Baptisia tinctoria Ø in experimental animals
Authors: Vakil A.E. , Engineer L.S. , Engineer S.J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractInjections of Baptisia tinctoria Ø (Wild Indigo) were administered i.m. to two healthy rabbits six times at weekly intervals. Blood samples were collected before, during and at the conclusion of the trial. Blood was analysed for antibodies against Salmonella typhosa, using the Widal reaction. A total leucocyte count was also carried out. A third rabbit was kept as control and was injected only with normal saline i.m. Its blood samples were also collected according to the above schedule. No formation of antibodies against Salmonella typhosa was observed in any experimental animal or control whereas marked leucopenia was observed in both experimental rabbits.
Thiosinaminum in the treatment of plantar fasciitis with calcaneal spurs
Authors: Pai P.N. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract43 patients with plantar fasciitis and calcaneal spurs were studied. Rhus tox. has been recommended for this condition but gave disappointing results. Most patients with relatively recent symptoms responded to Thiosinaminum 3x. Patients with longer standing symptoms responded to Thiosinaminum 3x combined with Mercurius corrosivus 30c or Mercurius biniodatus 6c. After resolution of symptoms patients were treated with placebo and followed up for at least 8 months.
A pilot study of the attitudes and awareness of homœopathy shown by patients in three Manchester pharmacies
Authors: Alton Sarah , Kayne Steven 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis pilot study was designed to determine public awareness of, and attitudes to, homœopathy by distributing a questionnaire to a random sample of patients attending three pharmacies in different areas of Greater Manchester.It was found that 78% of the people had some degree of knowledge of homœopathy, but a significant number of these were adjudged as being from social classes A, B and C1. Attitudes did not appear to differ between those who had used homœopathy and those who had not, there being a positive view in general.A need for a continuing homœopathic education programme for prescribers and the provision of more information for potential patients was identified.
Scientific support for electrodiagnosis
Authors: Royal Daniel F. , Royal F. Fuller 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe use of acupuncture, homœopathy and electrodermal instruments is increasing among physicians. Federal and state regulatory agencies have recently stepped up their investigations into the use of electrodiagnostic devices. A review of the history of medicine, the advent of electrodiagnosis and how it relates to acupuncture and homœopathy, past and present research, scientific support and future possibilities is presented. Scientific concepts of holism and nonlinear physics provide a new medical paradigm, quantum morphodynamics.
Homœopathy in the treatment of haemophilia
Authors: Hunton Mollie 
Published: September 2006

AbstractSix patients with haemophilia were treated with homœopathic medicines. A rational attempt has been made to improve their general health, cope with side effects of Factor VIII, cut down the bleeding episodes and reduce the amount of Factor VIII needed. This has necessitated a search of the homœopathic literature (British Homœopathic Journal) and a study of the repertories and materia medicas. Each patient treated has had aspects of his health improved, and the overall impression is that less Factor VIII was needed.
Hahnemann's legacy—the Q (LM) potencies
Authors: Barthel P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe methods of pharmaceutical preparation evolved by Hahnemann between 1801 and 1842 are clearly defined and reproducible. The Q (50th millesimal) potencies offer the shortest, most reliable and ‘most harmless way’ to ‘rapid, gentle and permanent’ restoration to health. An unbiased look at the existing source documents enables us now—150 years later, and after innumerable misunderstandings—to produce and prescribe these highly effective potencies as originally intended. The empirical rule demands: ‘Follow it, but follow it exactly.’
Dose-dependent effect of Baryta carbonicum and Baryta muriaticum in homœopathic trituration on experimentally induced high serum lipid concentration in chickens
Authors: Raha D. , Nandi M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractConcentration of various serum lipids was experimentally increased in chickens. Feeding Baryta carbonicum and Baryta muriaticum resulted in reduction of serum total cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride, total lipids and total cholesterol and phospholipid ratio (c/p). Results obtained with various doses of Baryta carbonicum and Baryta muriaticum were compared with a standard hypocholesterolaemic drug, clofibrate.
Effects of homœopathic dilutions of China rubra on intradialytic symptomatology in patients treated with chronic haemodialysis
Authors: Corghi Enzo , Saruggia Massimo 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe effect of the homœopathic medicine China rubra 9CH on symptoms reported by 35 patients with end stage renal failure on regular haemodialysis was investigated. The trial was double-blind, placebo-controlled with a run-in phase and crossover. Assessment was by a questionnaire of symptoms. Statistically significant improvements of asthenia, lethargy and headache were detected on active treatment compared to placebo. There was no significant change in nausea and vomiting.
Hahnemann's legacy
Authors: Barthel P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractWhen Hahnemann published the provings of Bryonia alba in the first edition of the Materia Medica Pura, he knew exactly which species of Bryonia he had been using. After his death, the plant gradually came to be replaced with another species of the same genus, with no distinction made and the second species practically unproven.Today, Bryonia dioica, a practically unproven species, is widely sold as ‘Bryonia’, and customers are not informed about this inadmissible exchange. Hahnemann made it very clear that every plant species is unique and cannot be exchanged for any other.At the same time his improvements to the manufacturing process, based on experience, have not been adopted by pharmaceutical firms, nor in the German Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia (GHP). Instead, they have been adopting less labour intensive methods, though these have not been properly validated.
The effect of potentized histamine on serum cortisol
Authors: Ward Adam A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe results of a pilot study to assess the effect of potentized histamine on serum cortisol levels in healthy volunteers suggest that there may be a subgroup of people who are particularly sensitive to potentized histamine. It is suggested that a larger double-blind study would provide a useful and easily reproducible way of evaluating the effect of potentized histamine on serum cortisol in vivo using standard laboratory investigations.
Provings of Alloxan
Authors: Templeton W. Lees 
Published: September 2006

SummaryAlloxan in doses of the order of 300 to 400 mg. per kg. body-weight introduced subcutaneously or intra-muscularly in rats, unsually caused severe acute damage of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. In some cases, though not invariably, there was also necrosis in renal tubules.In five rats which survived a series of doses, glycosuria developed. Two of these animals exhibited almost all the signs and symptoms of severe diabetes mellitus. A third had symptoms of moderate severity and appeared to be recovering after two months. The glycosuria could be abolished by injections of insulin. Pathological alterations of varying severity, but extreme in two cases, were found in the pancreatic islets in these diabetic rats.We have much pleasure in acknowledging our indebtedness to Dr. E. Duffy for blood-sugar estimations, to Mr. J. Kirkpatrick for photomicrographs, and to the works department of the University of Glasgow for making metabolism cages at short notice. The work was supproted by a grant from the Rankin Medical Research Found of the University of Glasgow, and continuation of it has received generous assistance from the Medical Research Council.
New toxicology: Carcinogenesis I
Authors: Fisher Peter 
Published: September 2006

“Aude Sapere” “Dare to Know—HoraceThe first part of this three-part series deals with the history of the recognition of the origins of cancer in specific, mainly chemical, environmental factors; and the rapid advances made this century in identifying carcinogens and elucidating their modes of action. I will then go on to review, briefly, the most important groups of carcinogenic chemicals, their in-vivo activation and common mode of action.The second article will start with the cytotoxic drugs and demonstrate that the distinction between them and chemical carcinogens is arbitrary. I will also consider co-carcinogens and the carcinogenic action of UV light and the importance of these phenomena in understanding the genesis of cancer.Finally, I will look at the linked processes of resistance to cytotoxic drugs, defences against carcinogens and DNA repair processes which it may be possible to turn to therapeutic advantage.
An experimental double-blind clinical trial method in homoeopathy
Authors: Fisher Peter 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA small number of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of homœopathic treatment in rheumatological conditions have been carried out. These have used differing methodologies, leading to varying results. This paper describes a novel approach in the treatment of fibrositis, a syndrome which lacks a pathological definition, but is defined solely in terms of its symptomatology.24 patients were prescribed for 3 months, according to indication, one of three homœopathic remedies (Arnica, Bryonia, Rhus tox.), each patient remaining on the same remedy throughout. They were followed monthly on the following parameters: pain, number of tender spots and sleep. An ‘indication score’ was allotted to each prescription. The results were analyzed by non-parametric statistical methods, showing that homœopathy produced a statistically significant improvement, but only when the prescribed remedy was well indicated.
The bowel nosodes
Authors: Kennedy C. Oliver 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPaterson demonstrated that drugs homœopathic to a patient can induce a mutation of E Coli to non lactose fermenters associated with clinical relief, after a latent period of 10 to 14 days. This change may last from a few days to many months.He was the first to provide experimental evidence of the effectiveness of the homœopathic remedies. (An altered diet may change the flora, but this is only for the duration of the diet.) A definite relationship was demonstrated between homœopathic remedies, non-lactose fermenting organisms and clinical syndrome.It is ironic that this clinico-pathological hypothesis, which is now being confirmed, has been so neglected by his homœopathic colleagues. I have attempted to show that so far it provides the only rational grounds for the management of our present-day difficult clinical problems.It is time that homœopathic physicians and bacteriologists combined to review his work.May I remind you that to date homœopathy provides the sole solution to the two pharmacological barriers to the cure of patients—toxic side effects and tolerance?
Differentiation of potencies of Agaricus muscarius by experimental catalepsy
Authors: Bhattacharyya Bhudev , Bala Sujan K. , Sukul Nirmal C. 
Published: September 2006

Abstract
Agaricus m., administered orally to rats subjected to restraint to induce catalepsy, enhanced the cataleptic state. The higher the potency the longer its duration of peak action and the longer did it take to reach the peak effect. The action of atropine sulphate which diminishes catalepsy, was suppressed by Agaricus m. The degree of suppresion increased with the increase in potency of Agaricus m. Since restraint-induced catalepsy is mediated by cholinergic-dopaminergic interactions in the brain, Agaricus m. is thought to produce its effect by influencing those systems. The work provides a scientific proof for the action of potentized homœopathic drugs and for the principle of the minimum dose. Further, it introduces an animal model for testing homœopathic drugs.
The effect of homœopathic medicines on yeast growth
Authors: Hagelberg E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA reproducible method for testing the effect of homœopathic medicines on yeast cultures is described. Potencies of Sulphur, Arnica montana, Chamomilla, Bryonia alba, Euphrasia officinalis, and Pulsatilla were tested for their effect on the rate of growth of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. No significant differences were found between the growth rate of test and control samples.
Emotions and expressions
Authors: Risquez Fernando 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe author presents a semantic study of the words Vexation, Mortification and Indignation and the psychiatric implications of these terms in the official nosology. The psychological significance of emotions is analyzed and the current psychosomatic significance of the concept considered. The clinical difficulties of emotional investigation are touched on, and the historical differences in the cultural approach to vexation, mortification and indignation between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are explored, as are peculiarities of northern and southern style. Finally the expression of those emotions is considered and the thwarted manner of Staphisagria patients that accounts for so much in the shaping of the clinical picture.
Systemic contagious pustular dermatitis or orf
Authors: Shuttleworth V.S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe infectivity of the CPD viral infection in humans and sheep is reviewed over the period 1837 to 1987. Attention is drawn to the prevalence of invasive, systemic, complicated orf in humans, and the consistent symptomatology is described. A simple system of treating humans, sheep and goats homœopathically is outlined. This system was successfully used on the first 100 patients in a continuing series, and also on several hundred sheep.
Psychiatry and homoeopathy
Authors: Davidson Jonathan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA comparison is made between psychiatry and homoeopathy, with reference to five homoeopathic principles. These are the law of similars, the self-healing principle, the microdose effect, Hering's Law and diagnosis through pattern recognition. There is evidence that all of these have been incorporated into contemporary psychiatry, and that recent neurobiological research provides a measure of validation to these age-old teachings. Some testable research questions are also proposed.
Control of subclinical bovine mastitis
Authors: Reyes O. , Guajardo G. , Searcy R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA clinical trial was conducted on a dairy farm. 26 animals were divided into 2 groups of 13 each, pairing on clinical and subclinical mastitis status, milk production and number of lactations, assigning both animals and treatments by a systematic random method. One group received homoeopathic treatment, the other placebo. Monthly milk production was carefully recorded for each animal, as were the results of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) performed on each quarter of the udder. The proportion of affected quarters according to CMT was 32% in the treated group, and 68% in the control group. The odds ratio of the difference shows that animals receiving placebo presented 4.5 (1.78–11.73) times more subclinical mastitis than those under homoeopathic treatment (p<0.05). Average milk production in the treated group did not differ significantly from that of the control group (p>0.05). The study confirms previous observations of the benefit the homoeopathic method can provide in disease control in animal populations.