bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidepressant selection: Proceedings from a TCA/SSRI Consensus Conference
Authors: Mendlewicz J. , Lecrubie Y. 
Published: July 2007

Mendlewicz J, Lecrubier Y for the TCNSSRI Consensus Panel. Antidepressant selection: Proceedings from a TCNSSRI Consensus Conference.Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000: 101: 5–8. © Munksgaard 2000.Objective: Despite significant advances in treatment choice, the use of antidepressants in clinical practice remains far from optimal. One aspect of antidepressant use, initial antidepressant selection, is the most immediately influential way to improve clinical outcomes. The purpose of this conference was to review the available literature on the two most common classes of antidepressants — the tricylic antidepressants (TCAs) and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) — and come to consensus on recommendations for initial antidepressant selection.Method: A panel of experts in psychiatry and health services research was convened to systematically review and discuss the available literature on the TCAs and SSRIs in the treatment of depression and related affective disorders.Results: The consensus group concluded that growing evidence suggests that TCAs are no longer justified as first‐line antidepressant therapy in most settings. In addition, emerging differences in the tolerability profiles and breadth of indication of the SSRIs are important to consider when making an initial treatment choice.Conclusion: While the coming years will bring new treatment options, clinicians currently have the ability to improve clinical outcomes and the long‐term prognosis of depression. The following pages provide information to make informed antidepressant choices, thereby providing a higher quality of antidepressant treatment for the patient in actual clinical practice.
Tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: use during pregnancy, in children/adolescents and in the elderly
Authors: Emslie G. , Judge R. 
Published: July 2007

Emslie G, Judge R. Tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: use during pregnancy, in children/adolescents and in the elderly.Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000: 101: 26–34. © Munksgaard 2000.Objective: Depressive disorders can occur at any point in the lifespan. One way of differentiating antidepressants is by examining their efficacy and safety in the special patient populations that exist along the lifespan. Thus, we examine clinical data that is available regarding the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) at three distinct points in the lifespan: childhood and adolescence, pregnancy and late adulthood.Method: Literature regarding the use of antidepressants in children and adolescents, pregnancy and the elderly was reviewed.Results: Clinical data suggest that SSRIs should be first line treatment in children and adolescents as TCAs have questionable efficacy and definite safety issues. Similarly, although TCAs and SSRIs show equivalent efficacy in elderly patients, the safety profile of the SSRIs makes them a more prudent choice in this population. Finally, although there is no definitive data that contraindicates the use of a particular antidepressant in pregnancy, the bulk of reassuring pregnancy outcome data exists for the SSRIs, specifically for fluoxetine.Conclusion: Although no single antidepressant can ever be recommended for every patient, SSRIs should be considered the first‐line choice in the treatment of depression in special patient populations.
Economic outcomes associated with tricyclic antidepressant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatments Ior depression
Authors: Crown W. H. 
Published: July 2007

Crown WH. Economic outcomes associated with tricyclic antidepressant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatments for depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2000: 101: 62–66. © Munksgaard 2000.Objective: To compare the economic outcomes associated with the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of depression.Method: A literature review of pertinent studies was performed. The advantages and disadvantages of clinical trials versus observational studies are described, and the breadth of the economic outcome measure chosen for the conclusions reached is discussed. Results: The inclusion and exclusion criteria of clinical trials, in combination with their strict provider and patient study protocols, limit their generalizability to naturalistic treatment settings. Retrospective studies of patients can provide valuable information about the experiences and costs incurred by patients in actual treatment. However, confounding factors (both observable and unobservable) limit the amount of confidence that can be placed in inferences about treatment effects. Randomized prospective studies with naturalistic follow‐on may help to mitigate some of the concern about treatment confounders which has traditionally been associated with non‐randomized observational studies.Conclusion: Retrospective studies and one randomized prospective study of the economic outcomes of TCA versus SSRI treatment have found the SSRIs to be less expensive than TCAs when total direct medical expenditures are considered. However, additional studies are needed to address this issue.
Optical phenomenon of peri‐implant soft tissue. Part I. Spectrophotometric assessment of natural tooth gingiva and peri‐implant mucosa
Authors: Park Sang E. , Da Silva John D. , Weber Hans‐Peter , Ishikawa‐Nagai Shigemi 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in optical appearance of the soft tissues labial to dental implants and to analyze the effects of titanium implant neck colors transmitted through the marginal mucosa.Materials and methods: Fourteen patients with 15 Straumann® single implant replacements in the maxillary anterior region were recruited. Color measurements of the peri‐implant mucosa of test sites and the gingivae of contralateral or adjacent natural teeth as controls were made at the facial aspect of the teeth using a spectrophotometer. The color data (CIELAB color coordinates; L*, a*, b* and C*) in five incremental areas of 1 × 2 mm from the gingival margin toward the apical direction were obtained.Results: A significant difference existed (P<0.01) between the test site and the control site on the mean L* and b* values in all five incremental areas (area 1–5). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the mean a* values. Discrepancies between color distributions of soft tissues were stronger in areas close to the gingival margin and decreased toward the apical direction. The mean color difference ΔE between the test site and the control site was 7.7 in area 1 and decreased toward area 5 with a value of 6.5. However, there was no statistical difference in each of the mean values of differences in optical data, ΔL*, Δa* and Δb*, when five incremental areas of the control and the test sites were compared.Conclusion: It was observed that the color of soft tissue around the titanium implant was significantly different compared with the gingiva of natural teeth. Significantly lower values of CIELAB color coordinates, L* and b* were found in the peri‐implant soft tissue.
Should patients be informed about the risk of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia before prolonged low‐molecular‐weight heparin thromboprophylaxis post‐trauma/orthopedic surgery?
Authors: Lubenow Norbert , Hinz Peter , Ekkernkamp Axel , Greinacher Andreas 
Published: July 2007

AbstractObjectives:  Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune‐mediated prothrombotic adverse drug effect that occurs less frequently with low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) than with unfractionated heparin (UFH) in post‐trauma/orthopedic surgery patients. The life‐threatening nature of HIT raises the question whether informed consent for this treatment‐induced adverse effect should be obtained, particularly as LMWH is often continued during the outpatient period when clinical and platelet count monitoring become problematic. Paradoxically, refusal of thromboprophylaxis as a result of seeking informed consent could increase risk for thrombosis.Methods:  We evaluated in patients undergoing routine LMWH thromboprophylaxis post‐trauma/orthopedic surgery the feasibility of obtaining informed consent, using a standardized questionnaire to determine patient preferences. We also identified the proportion of HIT patients in our laboratory comprised of trauma/orthopedic surgery patients from 1995–1997 and 2002–2004 (time periods characterized, respectively, by UFH and LMWH thromboprophylaxis for this patient population).Results:  None of 460 patients in whom informed consent was administered rejected LMWH thromboprophylaxis. The patients’ perception of the informed consent process and the written information provided about the risk of HIT and its risk due to clinical consequences were highly favorable. From 1995–1997 to 2002–2004, the proportion of HIT identified among trauma/orthopedic surgery patients declined from 30.3% to 1.2% (P < 0.0001).Conclusions:  Obtaining informed consent about HIT is feasible in written form and does not cause refusal of LMWH thromboprophylaxis. Despite the uncommon occurrence of HIT during LMWH thromboprophylaxis, informed consent increases patient’s awareness of this potentially life‐threatening adverse drug effect, an outcome that could increase outpatient recognition of the diagnosis.
First clinical experience with simvastatin to overcome drug resistance in refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Schmidmaier Ralf , Baumann Philipp , Bumeder Irmgard , Meinhardt Gerold , Straka Christian , Emmerich Bertold 
Published: July 2007

Abstract In vitro statins overcome cell adhesion‐mediated drug resistance at non‐toxic concentrations that are achievable in humans by standard dose simvastatin. A pilot phase‐II trial was initiated to determine feasibility and antimyeloma efficacy. In six myeloma patients refractory to two cycles of bortezomib or bendamustine simvastatin was concomitantly administered during further two cycles. The therapy was well tolerated without grade 3/4 toxicity. Intrapatient (cycles I/II vs. III/IV) and interpatient comparison (vs. ten patients without simvastatin) showed reduction of drug resistance by inhibition of HMG‐CoA‐reductase. In summary, this is the first phase II experience to study antimyeloma activity of statins in humans.
Pretargeted antibody‐guided radioimmunotherapy in a child affected by resistant anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Palumbo Giuseppe , Grana Chiara M. , Cocca Francesca , De Santis Rita , Del Principe Domenico , Baio Silvia M. , Mei Riccardo , Paganelli Giovanni 
Published: July 2007

AbstractAnaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is characterized by preferential paracortical and intrasinusoidal lymph node involvement by large anaplastic tumor cells expressing the CD30 antigen. Up to 80% of pediatric patients with ALCL can be cured with multi‐agent chemotherapeutic regimens. Patients resistant to chemotherapy or suffering from early relapse have a poor prognosis and a poor chance of survival. In these cases, the highly aggressive clinical course of ALCL, associated with systemic symptoms and extranodal involvement, has been treated with different approaches in various cooperative trials, including conventional chemotherapy and human stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the optimal treatment has not yet been defined, in particular in cases of relapse.More recently, radioimmunotherapy has been studied with encouraging results in cancer patients, including non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Here we describe the case of a pediatric ALCL, relapsing after HSCT, treated with pretargeted antibody‐guided radioimmunotherapy, obtaining a complete remission, with excellent quality of life over the past 10 months.
Increased QT variability in young asymptomatic patients with β‐thalassemia major
Authors: Magrì Damiano , Sciomer Susanna , Fedele Francesco , Gualdi Gianfranco , Casciani Emanuele , Pugliese Pellegrina , Losardo Anna , Ferrazza Giancarlo , Pasquazzi Eleonora , Schifano Erika , Magnanti Marzia , Matera Sabrina , Marigliano Vincenzo , Piccirillo Gianfranco 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground:  Despite recent progress in iron chelation therapy, sudden cardiac death due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias remains a vexing, clinical problem in patients with β‐thalassemia major (TM). In this study we assessed whether the major indices of QT variability, emerging tools for risk stratification of sudden cardiac death, differ in young asymptomatic patients with TM and healthy persons.Methods: Thirty patients with TM and 30 healthy control subjects underwent a 5‐min electrocardiography recording to calculate the following variables: QT variance (QTv), QTv normalized for mean QT (QTVN) and QT variability index (QTVI). All subjects also underwent a two‐dimensional and Doppler echocardiography study and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine cardiac and hepatic T2* values.Results: No differences were observed in clinical and conventional echo‐Doppler findings in healthy control subjects and patients with TM whereas QTv, QTVN and QTVI values were significantly higher in patients than those in controls (QTv, P < 0.001; QTVN, P < 0.05 and QTVI, P < 0.001) and cardiac T2* and hepatic MRI T2* values were significantly lower in patients with TM (P < 0.001). The indices of temporal QT variability correlated significantly with MRI data.Conclusions: Young asymptomatic patients with TM have increased cardiac repolarization variability as assessed by QT variability indices, probably due to cardiac iron deposition. These easily assessed, non‐invasive markers could be used to identify increased myocardial repolarization lability early in asymptomatic patients with TM.
Biochemical and white blood cell profiles of baboon neonates consuming formulas with moderate and high dietary long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Hsieh A.T. , Anthony J.C. , Diersen‐Schade D.A. , Nathanielsz P.W. , Thomas Brenna J. 
Published: July 2007

AbstractBackground  Clinical chemistry and complete blood count (CBC) values were determined in 14 term baboons (Papio species) consuming formula with moderate or high levels of dietary long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from 2–12 weeks of age.Method  Neonates were randomized to three groups: C: Control, no LCPUFA; L: 0.33% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/0.67% arachidonic acid (ARA) (w/w); L3:1.00% DHA/0.67% ARA (w/w). Blood chemistries were assessed at 6 and 12 weeks and CBC parameters were measured at 2, 4, 8, 10, 12 weeks of age.Results  Dietary LCPUFA had significant effects on serum triglyceride (C > L,L3) and calcium (L > C,L3). No other significant effects of diet were detected; pooled values are presented for all other parameters.Conclusion  These data provide longitudinal biochemical and white cell/platelet/immunological data on LCPUFA‐fed baboons over the first 12 weeks of life. Data ranges are similar to reference data in cases for which values exist and hematological changes reflect trends observed during human neonatal development.
An in vivo study of the mechanical properties of facial skin and influence of aging using digital image speckle correlation
Authors: Staloff Isabelle Afriat , Guan E. , Katz Steven , Rafailovitch Miriam , Sokolov Aryeh , Sokolov Sara 
Published: July 2007

Background/purpose: The skin on the face is directly attached to the muscle through the superficial musculoaponeurotic system. We show that this can be used to probe skin mechanical properties, in vivo, using, digital image speckle correlation (DISC), a technique that measures the intrinsic cutaneous pore structure displacement following a natural facial deformation.Methods: We take a series of images, which are then analyzed with DISC to create a displacement vector diagram, from which we can obtain spatially resolved information regarding facial deformation. We then studied the functional form of the displacement as a function of age, location on the face, and skin treatment. Finally, through DISC vector field analysis we investigate the mechanism of wrinkle formation.Results: We first show that facial skin displacement follows the direction of muscular movement and reflects the magnitude of the applied forces. Using DISC vector field analysis, we find that as the skin ages the distribution of forces becomes more condensed, with a marked spatial asymmetry. Analysis of the data, in the perioral region, we find that the skin elasticity decreases exponentially with age, with a decay constant of approximately 32 years. Similar results, but with a larger amplitude, were also found for the periorbital region. Finally, DISC vector field analysis also shows that the location of maximal stress correlated with the location of existing facial wrinkles.Conclusion: The DISC method, as a non‐contact technique, is a potential clinical research tool for the diagnosis of facial skin condition and underlying muscular activity. We demonstrate how these factors can be used to monitor the effects of aging, formation of wrinkles, and the efficacy of topical applications of skin creams.
A nonlinear elastic behavior to identify the mechanical parameters of human skin in vivo
Authors: Delalleau A. , Josse G. , Lagarde J.‐M. , Zahouani H. , Bergheau J.‐M. 
Published: July 2007

Background/purpose: Various analyses have been performed to identify the mechanical properties of the human skin tissue in vivo. They generally use different approaches and hypotheses (behavior laws as well as mechanical tests) and the obtained results are consequently difficult to analyze and compare. In this paper, an inverse method that can be adapted to any kind of mechanical tests and behavior laws is presented.Method: A suction deformation performed on the volar aspect of the forearm of a subject is considered. This test is modeled with the finite element method to compare the experimental and simulated curves using an inverse method that allows the skin mechanical parameters identification. This process is based on two optimization algorithms, Kalman's filter and Gauss–Newton's methods. To account for the nonlinear behavior of the skin, a specific nonlinear elastic law, which is then compared with standard linear elastic and neo‐Hookean's mechanical behaviors, was developed.Results: The obtained results first prove that neither linear elasticity nor neo‐Hookean's laws can be used to model the skin. On the contrary, the nonlinear elastic model presents a relevant fit of the experimental curves. The skin thickness is also proved to be another key point to be taken into consideration.Conclusions: The obtained results are successfully compared with literature and the reliability of the proposed method is underlined with the identification of 300 additional experimental curves. The different works we are currently focusing on are finally introduced.
Confocal laser microscopic imaging of conspicuous facial pores in vivo: relation between the appearance and the internal structure of skin
Authors: Sugata Keiichi , Nishijima Takafumi , Kitahara Takashi , Takema Yoshinori 
Published: July 2007

Background/purpose: Conspicuous facial pores are one of the more serious esthetic defects of most concern to women. Previous microscopic observations of the skin surface around conspicuous pores have discovered large hollows and uneven skin tone. In this study, the observation area was extended from the skin surface to deeper skin to find the characteristic features of conspicuous pores in a wider spectrum.Methods: First, a magnified surface image of the cheek skin was obtained using a video microscope. Second, replicas were collected from the same area. Third, the horizontal cross‐sectioned images of the epidermis and papillary dermis in different depths were non‐invasively obtained using in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy. These images were compared with each other to find a correlation between features of the skin surface and those of deeper layers.Results: In cross‐sectioned images of conspicuous pores, a strongly undulated epidermal–dermal junction was commonly observed around a pore's opening. Areas with this feature correlated well to the areas with larger hollows and an uneven skin tone.Conclusion: Our results indicate that there is a positive correlation between the incidence of the characteristic feature at the epidermal–dermal junction and the visual appearance of a pore.
Fatty acid synthase expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: clinicopathological findings
Authors: Silva SD , Perez DE , Nishimoto IN , Alves FA , Pinto CAL , Kowalski LP , Graner E 
Published: July 2007

Background:  Overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FAS), the cytosolic enzyme responsible for the conversion of dietary carbohydrates to fatty acids, has been reported in several human malignancies and pointed as a potential prognostic marker for some tumors. This study investigated whether FAS immunohistochemical expression is correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Materials and methods:  The clinical features of 102 patients with OSCC of the tongue treated in a single institution were obtained from the medical records and all histopathological diagnoses were reviewed. The expression of FAS was determined by the standard immunoperoxidase technique in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded specimens and correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumors.Results:  Eighty‐one cases (79.41%) were positive for FAS. Microscopic characteristics such as histological grade (P < 0.05), lymphatic permeation (P < 0.001), perineural infiltration (P < 0.05), and nodal metastasis (P < 0.02) were associated with FAS status. A significantly lower survival probability for patients with advanced clinical stage (log‐rank test, P < 0.001), lymph nodes metastasis (log‐rank test, P < 0.001), presence of vascular permeation (log‐rank test, P = 0.05), and perineural invasion (log‐rank test, P = 0.01) was observed in the studied samples.Conclusion:  The expression of FAS in OSCC of the tongue is associated with the microscopic characteristics that determine disease progression and prognosis.
SHED repair critical‐size calvarial defects in mice
Authors: Seo BM , Sonoyama W , Yamaza T , Coppe C , Kikuiri T , Akiyama K , Lee JS , Shi S 
Published: July 2007

Objective:  Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a population of highly proliferative postnatal stem cells capable of differentiating into odontoblasts, adipocytes, neural cells, and osteo‐inductive cells. To examine whether SHED‐mediated bone regeneration can be utilized for therapeutic purposes, we used SHED to repair critical‐size calvarial defects in immunocompromised mice.Materials and methods:  We generated calvarial defects and transplanted SHED with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate as a carrier into the defect areas.Results:  SHED were able to repair the defects with substantial bone formation. Interestingly, SHED‐mediated osteogenesis failed to recruit hematopoietic marrow elements that are commonly seen in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell‐generated bone. Furthermore, SHED were found to co‐express mesenchymal stem cell marker, CC9/MUC18/CD146, with an array of growth factor receptors such as transforming growth factor β receptor I and II, fibroblast growth factor receptor I and III, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor I, implying their comprehensive differentiation potential.Conclusions:  Our data indicate that SHED, derived from neural crest cells, may select unique mechanisms to exert osteogenesis. SHED might be a suitable resource for orofacial bone regeneration.