bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home Literacy and Mathematics in Bulgaria, Israel, Spain, and the U.S.: How Do Preschool Parents Socialize Academic Readiness?
Authors: Stites Michele L. , Sonnenschein Susan , Aram Dorit , Karabanov Galia Meoded , López-Escribano Carmen , Shtereva Katerina , Krasniqi Besjanë , Gursoy Hatice 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Previous research shows that preschool parents in the United States (U.S.) prioritize literacy over mathematics, despite the importance of both subjects for their child’s future academic success. However, less is known about how parents in other countries socialize the literacy and mathematics skills of young children. This paper examines the beliefs of preschool parents from Bulgaria (N = 103), Israel (N = 167), Spain (N = 138), and the U.S. (N = 183). These countries were selected due to differences in location, economics, religions, languages, and alphabet. Specifically, we examine the importance parents place on home literacy and mathematics, the time spent in the home on those activities, and parents’ confidence in supporting their child’s learning in both domains. We also examined the type of support and resources parents in each country would value receiving from their child’s teacher. The results indicated the importance of expanding research from just U.S. participants. Parents from all four countries valued home literacy and mathematics but viewed literacy as significantly more important. While parents from all four countries viewed literacy as more important, differences between countries were noted when it came to the time spent on different subjects, with Spain and the U.S. spending more time on literacy and Bulgaria and Israel spending more time on mathematics. Parents from the U.S. indicated significantly higher levels of confidence in supporting literacy than parents in the other three countries; however, no differences were noted in confidence for supporting mathematics. The types of resources that parents would like to receive also varied by country.
Testing the nature of compact objects and the black hole paradigm
Authors: De Laurentis Mariafelicia , Pani Paolo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Do compact objects other than black holes and neutron stars exist in the universe? Do all black holes conform with the predictions of Einstein’s General Relativity? Do classical black holes exist at all? Future gravitational-wave observations and black-hole imaging might shed light on these foundational questions and deepen our understanding of the dark cosmos.
Euler–Euler Numerical Model for Transport Phenomena Modeling in a Natural Circulation Loop Operated by Nanofluids
Authors: Kamenik Blaž , Vovk Nejc , Elcioglu Elif Begum , Sezgin Firat , Ozyurt Erdem , Karadeniz Ziya Haktan , Turgut Alpaslan , Ravnik Jure 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores a computational approach to model multiphase heat transfer and fluid flow in a natural circulation loop utilizing nanofluids. We propose and implement an Euler–Euler framework in a CFD environment, incorporating an innovative boundary condition to preserve mass conservation during thermophoretic particle flux. The model’s accuracy is verified through a one-dimensional example, by comparing results against both an Euler–Lagrange model and an in-house finite volume solution. Experimental validation is conducted with aluminum oxide nanofluids at varying nanoparticle concentrations. We prepared the nanofluids and measured their thermophysical properties up to

$$60^\circ$$

60
∘

C. We assess the thermal performance of the nanofluid in natural circulation loop at different heating powers via experiment and numerical simulations. The findings reveal that the heat transfer enhancement offered by the nanofluid is modest, with minimal differences observed between the proposed Euler–Euler approach and a simpler single-phase model. The results underscore that while the Euler–Euler model offers detailed particle–fluid interactions, its practical thermal advantage is limited in this context.
Thermophysical Properties of NbAlO4 and TaAlO4
Authors: Gebauer Julian , Rohde Magnus , Franke Peter , Seifert Hans Jürgen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Thermophysical properties of the ternary oxides NbAlO4 and TaAlO4 are experimentally determined. For NbAlO4, the molar heat capacity is 98.9 J (mol

$$\cdot$$

·

K)−1 at 0

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C up to 155.6 J (mol

$$\cdot$$

·

K)−1 at 950

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C and for TaAlO4 97.1 J (mol

$$\cdot$$

·

K)−1 at 0

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C up to 154.2 J (mol

$$\cdot$$

·

K)−1 at 950

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C, respectively. Maier-Kelley polynomials are provided for the molar heat capacities. Thermal diffusivities in the range from 20

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C to 700

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C (

$$\alpha _{NbAlO_{4}}$$

α

N
b
A
l

O
4

: from 0.009 to 0.004 cm2·s−1 and

$$\alpha _{TaAlO_{4}}$$

α

T
a
A
l

O
4

: from 0.017 to 0.005 cm2·s−1), bulk densities at 25

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C (

$$\rho _{NbAlO_{4}}$$

ρ

N
b
A
l

O
4

= 3.94 g

$$\cdot$$

·

cm−3 and

$$\rho _{TaAlO_{4}}$$

ρ

T
a
A
l

O
4

= 6.07 g·cm−3) and melting points of the oxides are measured, and the thermal conductivities are calculated from these properties. The thermal conductivity from 20

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C to 700

$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C of NbAlO4

$$\lambda _{ NbAlO_{4}}$$

λ

N
b
A
l

O
4

is in the range from 0.020 to 0.013 W·cm−1·K−1 and of TaAlO4

$$\lambda _{TaAlO_{4}}$$

λ

T
a
A
l

O
4

in the range from 0.039 to 0.015 W·cm−1·K−1, respectively. A porosity correction for thermal conductivities is applied, and with that, data for perfectly dense material are provided.
Benefiting from Wild Animals and Duties of Assistance: A Reply to Jalagania
Authors: Ishihara Ryota 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Beka Jalagania has recently argued that benefiting from wild animals generates special duties to assist them. To show this, Jalagania offers an argument that focuses on their contribution to the production of the benefits we receive, which he calls the contribution argument. In this paper I aim to show that this argument fails. One of the premises on which the contribution argument rests is that we ought to share the benefits we receive with whoever contributed to their production. However, the idea of contribution in this premise is somewhat ambiguous as it stands and can be further clarified in at least two ways: a counterfactual way and a causal way. I examine these two interpretations of contribution in turn, focusing mainly on their counterintuitive implications, and argue that under both interpretations, the contribution argument faces some difficulties. Therefore, unless a plausible interpretation of contribution is offered, we should conclude that this argument fails.
Beyond the Surface: Exploring Ancient Plant Food Processing through Confocal Microscopy and 3D Texture Analysis on Ground Stone Tools
Authors: Zupancich Andrea , Cristiani Emanuela , Di Fazio Melania , Medeghini Laura , Gopher Avi , Ibáñez Juan José 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ground stone tools are frequently found in archaeological contexts from early to late prehistoric times. These tools are key evidence for reconstructing past societies’ lifeways, technology and know-how, given their role in different tasks, including subsistence and craft activities. In recent years, the field of use-wear studies on ground stone tools showed an exponential growth in applying quantitative methods at all scales of observations, from macro to micro. These included using 3D models to measure and identify worked areas, spatial analyses for exploring trace and residue distribution, and confocal profilometers to analyse micro-polish texture. In this paper, we present results stemming from the application of confocal light microscopy and 3D surface texture analysis to identify and distinguish micro-polishes deriving from the processing of plant foods. We tested the potential of this method by analysing micro-polishes on modern limestone replicas used for grinding, pounding and dehusking wild and domestic cereal grains and legumes. Following a multi-level analysis, we demonstrate the efficacy of confocal microscopy and 3D surface texture analysis in correctly discriminating between different micro-polishes. We show how this method, integrated with the qualitative assessment of use-wear, may enhance functional interpretations of ground stone tools; we also discuss the current limits and future perspectives for their systematic application in the study of archaeological assemblages.
Reliability of in vitro data for the mechanistic prediction of brain extracellular fluid pharmacokinetics of P-glycoprotein substrates in vivo; are we scaling correctly?
Authors: van Valkengoed Daan W. , Hirasawa Makoto , Rottschäfer Vivi , de Lange Elizabeth C. M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plasma pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles often do not resemble the PK within the central nervous system (CNS) because of blood–brain-border (BBB) processes, like active efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Methods to predict CNS-PK are therefore desired. Here we investigate whether in vitro apparent permeability (Papp) and corrected efflux ratio (ERc) extracted from literature can be repurposed as input for the LeiCNS-PK3.4 physiologically-based PK model to confidently predict rat brain extracellular fluid (ECF) PK of P-gp substrates. Literature values of in vitro Caco-2, LLC-PK1-mdr1a/MDR1, and MDCKII-MDR1 cell line transport data were used to calculate P-gp efflux clearance (CLPgp). Subsequently, CLPgp was scaled from in vitro to in vivo through a relative expression factor (REF) based on P-gp expression differences. BrainECF PK was predicted well (within twofold error of the observed data) for 2 out of 4 P-gp substrates after short infusions and 3 out of 4 P-gp substrates after continuous infusions. Variability of in vitro parameters impacted both predicted rate and extent of drug distribution, reducing model applicability. Notably, use of transport data and in vitro P-gp expression obtained from a single study did not guarantee an accurate prediction; it often resulted in worse predictions than when using in vitro expression values reported by other labs. Overall, LeiCNS-PK3.4 shows promise in predicting brainECF PK, but this study highlights that the in vitro to in vivo translation is not yet robust. We conclude that more information is needed about context and drug dependency of in vitro data for robust brainECF PK predictions.
Evaluation of the thermo-hydraulic behavior of water-based graphene and Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids in a circular tube through CFD simulations
Authors: Oflaz Fatma 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study presents an in-depth computational investigation of the thermohydraulic performance of water-based hybrid nanofluids containing graphene and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, the research focused on understanding the behavior of these nanofluids under turbulent flow conditions in a circular tube. The analysis included examining how various parameters, including the Nusselt number, friction factor, and performance evaluation criteria, were influenced by the addition of nanoparticles. Five different nanoparticle volume concentrations, ranging from 0.1 to 1%, were analyzed. The simulation was conducted for turbulent flow regimes using Reynolds numbers between 20,000 and 80,000. A constant surface heat flux boundary condition was applied to the tube. The k-ε RNG (Renormalization Group) turbulence model was used as it is suitable for capturing turbulence effects in such flows. The thermophysical properties of the hybrid nanofluids were calculated using correlations available in the literature. The addition of graphene and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles significantly increased the Nusselt number, demonstrating enhanced heat transfer performance. The improvement in the Nusselt number was observed across all volume concentrations and Reynolds numbers. The maximum enhancement (28%) was recorded compared to pure water at 1% volume concentration. The friction factor increased with the addition of nanoparticles due to the higher viscosity of the hybrid nanofluids. The highest increase in the friction factor was 7.2% at the maximum volume concentration of 1%. The increase in viscosity contributed to an increased pressure drop in the system. However, the magnitude of this increase was relatively modest compared to the heat transfer benefits. The PEC (Performance Evaluation Criteria) value was found to be greater than 1 in most cases. The highest PEC value of 1.26 was achieved at the lowest Reynolds number (20,000) and the highest nanoparticle concentration (1%). This indicates that the use of the hybrid nanofluid is thermohydraulically advantageous under these conditions. The study concludes that water-based hybrid nanofluids containing graphene and Al₂O₃ nanoparticles enhance heat transfer performance significantly, making them suitable for applications requiring efficient thermal management. The slight increase in flow resistance was outweighed by the substantial heat transfer improvements, particularly at higher volume concentrations and lower Reynolds numbers, as reflected by the favorable PEC values.
Gluon scattering on the self-dual dyon
Authors: Adamo Tim , Bogna Giuseppe , Mason Lionel , Sharma Atul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The computation of scattering amplitudes in the presence of non-trivial background gauge fields is an important but extremely difficult problem in quantum field theory. In even the simplest backgrounds, obtaining explicit formulae for processes involving more than a few external particles is often intractable. Recently, it has been shown that remarkable progress can be made by considering background fields which are chiral in nature. In this paper, we obtain a compact expression for the tree-level, maximal helicity violating (MHV) scattering amplitude of an arbitrary number of gluons in the background of a self-dual dyon. This is a Cartan-valued, complex gauge field sourced by a point particle with equal electric and magnetic charges and can be viewed as the self-dual version of a Coulomb field. Twistor theory enables us to manifest the underlying integrability of the self-dual dyon, trivializing the perturbative expansion in the MHV sector. The formula contains a single position-space integral over a spatial slice, which can be evaluated explicitly in simple cases. As an application of the formula, we show that the holomorphic collinear splitting functions of gluons in the self-dual dyon background are un-deformed from a trivial background, meaning that holomorphic celestial OPE coefficients and the associated chiral algebra are similarly un-deformed. We also comment on extensions of our MHV formula to the full tree-level gluon S-matrix.
Inhibiting HSP90 changes the expression pattern of PINK1 and BNIP3 and induces oxidative stress in colon cancer cells
Authors: Abu-El-Rub Ejlal , Alzu’bi Ayman , Almahasneh Fatimah A. , Khaswaneh Ramada R. , Almazari Rawan , Kasasbeh Amani , Aldamen Ala A. , AI-jariri Heba F. , Alomari Amal , Yousef Tuqa , Al-Zoubi Raed M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Cancer cells can modulate the expression of many proteins that are essential for supporting their uncontrolled proliferation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is ubiquitously expressed in most cell types and participates in controlling many survival pathways. Cancer cells utilize HSP90 in order to prolong their survival, thus they tend to overexpress it. Based on its importance for cancer cells, we aim to investigate the molecular mechanisms that link HSP90 inhibition in colon cancer cells with oxidative stress and mitochondrial stress—related regulators.

Materials and methods
We used RKO colon cancer cells, blocking HSP90 with the inhibitor AT13387 and HSP90 siRNA. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured via CCK8 ELISA and Fluorescent Apoptosis Assays. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry assessed oxidative and mitochondrial stress markers BNIP3, PINK1, GP91/NOX2, and IRE1α in treated cells.

Results
Our findings reveal that inhibiting HSP90 with AT13387 reduces RKO cell viability by suppressing proliferation and enhancing Annexin-V expression, indicative of increased apoptosis. This rise in apoptosis is associated with PINK1 downregulation and BNIP3 upregulation, markers of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, respectively. Additionally, AT13387 treatment elevated the protein level of GP91, a marker of oxidative stress, and IRE1α, a marker of ER stress. Similarly, genetic knockdown of HSP90 in RKO cells produced comparable effects, including reduced cell survival and a decreased PINK1/BNIP3 ratio.

Conclusion
Targeting HSP90 in colon cancer cells disrupts their survival by decreasing PINK1 and increasing BNIP3, which activates oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, ultimately triggering apoptosis.
Definition by proxy
Authors: Elgin Samuel Z. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
I take some initial steps toward a theory of real definition, drawing upon recent developments in higher-order logic. The resulting account allows for extremely fine-grained distinctions (it can distinguish between any relata that differ in their syntactic structure, while avoiding the Russell-Myhill problem). It is the first account that can consistently embrace three desirable logical principles that initially appear to be incompatible: the Identification Hypothesis (if F is, by definition, G, then there is a sense in which F is the same as G), Irreflexivity (there are no reflexive definitions), and Leibniz’s Law. Additionally, it possesses the resources needed to resolve the paradox of analysis.
On notions of p-parabolic capacity and applications
Authors: Moring Kristian , Scheven Christoph 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider different notions of capacity related to the parabolic p-Laplace equation. Our focus is on a variational notion, which is consistent in the full range

$$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. For such a notion we show some basic properties as well as its connection to other notions of capacity presented in the literature, and to a certain parabolic version of the Hausdorff measure. As applications, we use the introduced variational notion of capacity to study polar sets and removability results for supersolutions.
European citizens and attitudes towards science and technology: what account for societal development and scientific knowledge?
Authors: Alaimo Leonardo Salvatore , Cagnoli Federica , Saiani Paolo Parra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In times of global challenges and transformations, such as emerging technologies, many researchers have strived to improve the laypeople-experts relationship to address them. Much research has been done on the attitudes that people have towards science and technology. However, the results are often contrasting: scientific knowledge can either have a positive or no role in more positive attitudes. In addition, more recent studies have begun to wonder whether institutional factors and social structures can influence such attitudes. By employing the post-materialist transformation in value, some researchers have found a negative association between country development and support for science and technology. Scientific knowledge in highly developed countries makes the relationship with attitudes towards science and technologies unpredictable. Although promising, this topic has not yet been adequately explored. This paper intends to shed light on this by analysing how and to what extent scientific knowledge and societal development influence attitudes towards science and technology. Using data from Eurobarometer 95.2, the paper follows two steps. First, it builds synthetic indices to analyse attitudes toward science and technology, societal development and scientific knowledge. In order to do so, it uses synthetic methodologies that respect the nature of the selected elementary indicators, in particular, the Counting Approach and the Partially Ordered Set (poset) Theory. Then, it identifies a model to analyse, according to the literature, the effects of different factors on attitudes towards science and technology. To do this, a finite mixture model of linear regressions is used in the paper, with the idea that the effect of independent variables can be different for different levels of the dependent variable. The results indicate that these factors significantly influence attitudes towards science and technology, with nuanced differences that merit further investigation.
Staying active, staying sharp: the relationship between physical activity and health-related quality of life for people living with cognitive impairment
Authors: Haque Rezwanul , Alam Khorshed , Gow Jeff , Neville Christine , Keramat Syed Afroz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Physical inactivity is a major global health concern and has been identified as a risk factor for cognitive impairment. In Australia, the long-term relationship between physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with cognitive impairment remains under researched. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by using data from a population-based longitudinal study.

Methods
We used data from two waves (wave 12 [2012] and wave 16 [2016]) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. Our final analytic sample consisted of 1,168 person-year observations from 985 unique individuals. To investigate the association between physical activity and HRQoL, we employed random-effects Generalized Least Squares (GLS) model.

Results
We found that participants engaging in physical activity, < 1 to 3 times per week, showed significant positive associations with the Physical Component Summary (PCS) score [β = 4.41, Standard Error (SE) = 0.68], Mental Component Summary (MCS) score (β = 2.55, SE = 0.74), and SF-6D utility value (β = 0.05, SE = 0.007) compared to those who did not perform any physical activity. Similarly, participants who engaged in physical activity more than three times per week to every day had notably higher scores in PCS (β = 7.28, SE = 0.82), MCS (β = 4.10, SE = 0.84), and SF-6D utility values (β = 0.07, SE = 0.009).

Conclusion
There is clear evidence that performing physical activity is positively associated with improved HRQoL in people with cognitive impairment. Our findings underscore the critical role of public health initiatives, such as health education and community-based programs, in promoting physical activity to enhance the HRQoL of older Australians living with cognitive impairment.
Complexity of CO2 Activation and Reaction on Surfaces in Relation to Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Review and Perspective
Authors: Presel F. , Paier J. , Calaza F. C. , Nilius N. , Sterrer M. , Freund H.-J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We discuss activation and reaction of CO2 on oxide-supported Au nanoparticles in connection with the preparation and characterization of model systems for heterogeneous catalysts, referring mostly to our own studies in the field. These systems are based on crystalline oxide thin films grown on metal substrates, which allows us to characterize them at the atomic scale. Depending on preparation conditions, the oxide-supported Au nanoparticles assume a particular morphology that is largely controlled by electron transfer from the metal substrate through the oxide film or from dopants in the oxide film. If such an electron transfer to the Au nanoparticles is possible, they assume a two-dimensional morphology and electrons can flow from the particle rim to attached CO2 molecules. This electron transfer leads to the formation of oxalate species that may spill over to the oxide substrate and are available for further reactions. The required structural parameters and the possibilities to monitor the spill-over process are discussed in detail in this paper.