bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The physician's disease: The impact of medical knowledge on personal illness
Authors: TUTTLE JEFFREY P. 
Published: February 2007

Objective: When physicians confront a personal illness of a serious nature, they may discover that the transition to the sick role is challenging, and the inability to relinquish their stethoscope may cause undo anxiety. The physician–patient relationship is intrinsically asymmetrical, and the role of the physician is to regulate the amount of information patients need in order to become educated about their illness and to make informed decisions about their treatment plan. This article explores the challenges in the physician–patient relationship when the patient is also a physician.Methods: This article is a literature review of publications involving the unique challenges physician–patients experience when suffering from serious personal illness.Results: The medical knowledge physician–patients harbor has the potential to complicate their ability to cope with difficult or terminal diagnoses. Paradoxically, knowledge about a condition may fuel anxiety instead of alleviating the fear associated with the unknown. Medical knowledge therefore may entail a certain loss of innocence, and physicians are often unable to revert to being “mere” patients. Furthermore, managing this anxiety in physician–patients may prove to be challenging to the treating physician.Significance of results: From a medical perspective, physician–patients need to be addressed like any other patient. Psychologically, however, these patients are unique, and the specific challenges their education and experience bring into the consultation room needs to be explicitly addressed.
The Rediscovery of the Human: Basic Texts of Viktor E. Frankl
Authors: KISSANE DAVID 
Published: February 2007

The Rediscovery of the Human: Basic Texts of Viktor E. Frankl.
Translated by Rabbi Dr. Shimon Cowen and Liesl Kosma. Monographs in
Judaism and Civilization. Melbourne: Institute for Judaism and
Civilization, 2006. ISBN 0-9585933-5-3, 74 pages.Three seminal essays by Viktor Frankl highlight the deep spirituality
that he believed to be at the heart of man's search for meaning and
purpose in this world. Humanity returns consciously or unconsciously to
this universal spirituality in its quest for a fulfilling existence.
Foucault and the Iranian Revolution: Gender and the Seductions of
Islamism
Authors: Moghadam Valentine M. 
Published: February 2007

Foucault and the Iranian Revolution: Gender and the Seductions of
Islamism. By Janet Afary and Kevin B. Anderson. Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 2005. 312p. $60.00 cloth, $24.00 paper.Michel Foucault is the man who gave us trenchant critiques of
modernity in books such as Madness and Civilization, Discipline and
Punish, and The History of Sexuality. His arguments about
the body, power, and knowledge have influenced a number of
interdisciplinary studies and created a generation of
“Foucauldians.” However, one set of his writings has been
decidedly uninfluential: the set pertaining to the Iranian Revolution of
1978–79. Those journalistic essays—written for the Italian and
French press (Corriere della serra and Nouvel
Observateur)—are the subject of this fascinating and
comprehensive volume by Janet Afary and Kevin B. Anderson.
Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory
Democracy and Citizen Speak: The Democratic Imagination in
American Life
Authors: Leib Ethan J. 
Published: February 2007

Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory
Democracy. By Diana C. Mutz. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
184p. $60.00 cloth, $20.99 paper.Citizen Speak: The Democratic Imagination in American Life.
By Andrew J. Perrin. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006. 208p.
$45.00 cloth, $19.00 paper.Deliberative democracy is no longer reserved for the theorists.
Empiricists now want a part of the action. With their various tools,
social scientists are testing and considering both deliberative democratic
institutions (e.g., juries, town hall meetings, deliberative polls, and
other fora for citizen discussion) and the preconditions of context and
character that theorists have proposed are necessary to make deliberative
democracy work. Political scientist Diana Mutz and sociologist Andrew
Perrin have written new books purporting to bring empirical work to bear
on the claims of deliberative democratic theory. Both books are short and
illuminating, though their postures as serious challenges to deliberative
democratic theory are overstated and potentially misplaced. This failure
to undermine the enterprise of deliberative democracy, however, does not
prevent each from making a serious contribution to helping us understand
how citizens engage in political debate and discussion among themselves in
their everyday environments.
Madison's Managers: Public Administration and the Constitution
and The Politics of Crisis Management: Public Leadership Under
Pressure
Authors: Hale Dennis 
Published: February 2007

Madison's Managers: Public Administration and the
Constitution. By Anthony M. Bertelli and Laurence E. Lynn, Jr.
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. 240p. $60.00 cloth,
$25.00 paper.The Politics of Crisis Management: Public Leadership Under
Pressure. By Arjen Boin, Paul 't Hart, Eric Stern, and Bengt
Sundelius. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 182p. $70.00 cloth,
$27.99 paper.No undergraduate public administration course would be complete
without at least a perfunctory attempt to summarize the never-ending
debate about what public administration is. From Woodrow Wilson to
“scientific management” to the Brownlow Committee to the
Willowbrook Conference and beyond, the position papers and studies pile
up; yet the debate (which often seems more like a monologue) continues.
Students find this debate unsatisfying, and it is easy to see why. For a
craft that prides itself above all on its relevance to practical affairs
(as Woodrow Wilson put it, administration is “government in
action”), the arguments that students are most often exposed to have
the arid scholasticism of medieval disputes about angels dancing on pins.
If public administration is so practical, students must be thinking, why
cannot its theorists just cut to the chase and tell us how to do it? Or
even what it is?
The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary India
Authors: Thakar Milind 
Published: February 2007

The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary
India. By Paul R. Brass. Seattle: University of Washington Press,
2003. 448p. $50.00 cloth, $35.00 paper.Rioting in South Asia is commonly understood as a form of political
activity, and the idea that it may not be spontaneous but planned is not a
novel one. However, in The Production of Hindu Muslim Violence in
Contemporary India, Paul Brass makes the more interesting claim that
riot-prone cities are those that are marked by institutionalized systems
that create, control, and direct the course of riots. He bases these
ideas—developed in his earlier work Theft of an
Idol—on four decades of research carried out in the northern
Indian town of Aligarh, home to a sizable and historic Muslim community.
Brass argues that polarizing issues or incidents by themselves do not lead
to riots, but that a toxic mix of interested politicians, an existing
discourse of communalism, an ineffective administration, and a specialized
network that “produces” riots enhances the likelihood that
such incidents will eventuate in riots. In describing this social
construction of rioting, Brass highlights interesting features, such as
the need for a group to dominate the narrative describing the riot, which
establishes it as a defensive rather than offensive measure, thereby
creating legitimacy for the violence.
Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences
Authors: Berman Sheri 
Published: February 2007

Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences.
By Alexander L. George and Andrew Bennett. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005.
331p. $50.00 cloth, $20.00 paper.In recent years, there has been a surge in work on what has come to be
known as “qualitative methods.” The trend is essentially
reactive, developing as a response to the outpouring of work on
quantitative and formal methods and the assertions by scholars in those
areas that case studies and historical work are impressionistic,
unscientific, and noncumulative. To counter such claims, some of the
field's most distinguished qualitative scholars (e.g., Stephan Van
Evera, Guide to Methods for Students of Political Science, 1997;
James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer, eds., Historical Analysis in
the Social Sciences, 2003; and Marc Trachtenberg, The Craft of
International History, 2006) have spent much time and ink to show
that researchers who eschew regressions or game theory can be just as
methodologically aware and sophisticated as those who embrace them.
Alexander George and Andrew Bennett's Case Studies and Theory
Development in the Social Sciences is an impressive and welcome
addition to this literature.
Social Movements and State Power: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia,
Ecuador
Authors: Goldfrank Benjamin 
Published: February 2007

Social Movements and State Power: Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia,
Ecuador. By James Petras and Henry Veltmeyer. Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto
Press, 2005. 288p. $90.00 cloth, $29.95 paper.Anyone interested in the recent renewal of social movement activity
and the rise of ostensibly left or center-left governments in Latin
America might be tempted to pick up this book, with its provocative jacket
photo and appealing title. Unfortunately, the book cover is nearly the
only thing going for this sectarian jeremiad from James Petras and Henry
Veltmeyer. If one is looking for serious scholarship, or even solid
journalism, neither can be found here. Instead, one finds a poorly
organized collage, including descriptions of recent history, critiques of
government policies, and tendentious and contradictory evaluations of left
strategy. Despite the promise of the title, the authors do not engage the
literature on social movements, nor do they contribute much in the way of
new analytical perspectives. The class analysis announced in the
introduction only emerges occasionally in the subsequent chapters, and
even then it is applied mechanically and reductively, yielding an
extremely limited capacity to help us understand the character and
trajectory of social movements or the nuances of political behavior in
diverse contexts. Important cross-national differences in terms of
political institutions, ethnic composition, and international constraints
are not addressed, much less systematically compared. Furthermore, the
book lacks consistent citations of sources, and serious empirical and
orthographic errors are sprinkled throughout. Those knowledgeable about
the countries in question might be amused by the almost congenital
inability to spell correctly the names of politicians, political parties,
and labor confederations; those without such knowledge, especially
undergraduate students, will only be confused or misinformed.
Commission 14: Atomic & Molecular Data
Authors: Johansson Sveneric , Federman Steven R. , Wahlgren Glenn M. , Adelman Saul J. , Biémont Emile , Federman Steve R. , Johansson Sveneric , Lawler Jim , Mickelson Michael , Morton Donald , Ryabchikova Tanya , Smith Peter L. , Stehle Chantal , Wahlgren Glenn M. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThis triennial report from Comm. 14 covers the topics Atomic Spectra and Wave-length Standards, Atomic Transition Probabilities, Collision Processes, and Line Broadening.
Why are cooperatives important in agriculture? An organizational economics perspective
Authors: VALENTINOV VLADISLAV 
Published: February 2007

Abstract:This paper develops an organizational economics explanation for agricultural cooperatives by building upon the transaction cost theory of family farms. According to this theory, the importance of family farms in Western agriculture is a result of the low feasibility of hierarchical organization in agricultural production due to supervision and monitoring difficulties. This paper argues that the transaction cost-economizing effect of family farms has a price in the form of their limited ability to realize economies of scale and to develop market power comparable to that of their up- and downstream trading partners. The role of agricultural cooperatives is shown to help overcome these limitations in order to take advantage of the transaction-cost economizing properties of family farms. This explanation of agricultural cooperatives is sector-specific in the sense that it traces the benefits of cooperative organization back to the organizational attributes of agricultural production.
Enabling high-throughput data management for systems biology: The Bioinformatics Resource Manager
Authors: Shah Anuj R. , Singhal Mudita , Klicker Kyle R. , Stephan Eric G. , Wiley H. Steven , Waters Katrina M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSummary: The Bioinformatics Resource Manager (BRM) is a software environment that provides the user with data management, retrieval and integration capabilities. Designed in collaboration with biologists, BRM simplifies mundane analysis tasks of merging microarray and proteomic data across platforms, facilitates integration of users’ data with functional annotation and interaction data from public sources and provides connectivity to visual analytic tools through reformatting of the data for easy import or dynamic launching capability. BRM is developed using Java™ and other open-source technologies for free distribution.Availability: BRM, sample data sets and a user manual can be downloaded from http://www.sysbio.org/dataresources/brm.stmContact: anuj.shah@pnl.gov, brm@pnl.gov
The Navigation‐Controlled Drill in Temporal Bone Surgery: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Strauss Gero , Koulechov Kirill , Hofer Mathias , Dittrich Elmar , Grunert Ronny , Moeckel Hendrick , Müller Eva , Korb Werner , Trantakis Christos , Schulz Thomas , Meixensberger Juergen , Dietz Andreas , Lueth Tim 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackground: This study examines the feasibility of a navigation‐controlled (NC) drill for surgery on the petrosal bone in an experimental environment. According to the principle of NC, the drill is to be switched off automatically once the borders of the workspace are exceeded during a mastoidectomy.Materials and Methods: The registration is based on an optical navigation system with navigation software (MiMed). As surgery engine, the Unidrive‐system (Karl Storz GmbH & CO. Kg, Tuttlingen, Germany) was integrated. The definition of the workspace was performed manually in axial computed tomography (CT) slices of the petrosal bone phantom. The mastoidectomy on the model was accomplished in three runs with 10 trial surgeons altogether (5 experienced [exp.] in otologic (ear) surgery, 5 inexperienced [nonexp.]). During each run, the following were logged: the total length of time for the procedure as well as the number and extent of injuries to the risk structures (facial nerve, horizontal semicircular canal, sigmoid sinus). The resultant petrosal bone cavities were measured on the CT.Results: The time for the segmentation of the workspace for the mastoidectomy amounted to 17 minutes. The mean value of the drilling (e.g., milling) performance ranges from 6.61 mm3/s (group 1 [nonexp. + NC]), 9.62 mm3/s (group 2 [exp. w/o NC]), to 10.08 mm3/s (group 3 [exp. + NC]). The relative deviation to the segmented volume amounts to +7.4% (794.3 mm3) for group 1, –39.9% for group 2, and –34% (3,647.0 mm3) for group 3. In the groups with NC guidance of the drill, no damage to a risk structure could be logged. In the group of exp. ear surgeons without NC assistance, one injury to the facial nerve in the petrosal bone phantom occurred.Discussion: The results that follow prove the fundamental feasibility of an NC drill for surgery of the petrosal bone using the example of the simple mastoidectomy in the laboratory test. When using NC, tissue resection is faster, more precise, and has fewer related complications than the same procedure without. The results offer a very promising basis for the introduction of a newly conceived system to the procedure of NC surgery on the petrosal bone. The device configuration used here was originally conceived for NC guidance of a shaver in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Individual errors will have to be mitigated through the new version of the control unit presently in development.
Medium‐Term Symptom Outcomes After Paranasal Sinus Surgery in Children and Young Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Keck Tilman , Rozsasi Ajnacska 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjective: To determine the effectiveness of paranasal sinus surgery (PSS) for individual symptoms and recurrence of nasal polyposis in children and young adults with cystic fibrosis and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).Design: Nonrandomized, prospective, clinical trial.Intervention: Children and young adults with medically refractory CRS were examined before and after PSS. The extend of nasal polyposis was graded endoscopically and on computed tomography images. The severity of symptoms of CRS was recorded on a 6‐point Likert scale by the investigator.Results: In 26 patients, a complete rhinosinusitis symptom score (RSS) before and after surgery was available. The mean follow‐up time after surgery was 23 months. Postoperatively, no polyp recurrence was seen in eight patients (of 26 patients). An improved polyp score was found in 14 patients. In four patients, polyp recurrence to the same extent as before surgery was seen. The mean RSS was significantly improved after surgery. Before surgery, “nasal obstruction” was the most common complaint. “Headache” was the second most common complaint before PSS. After PSS, although improved, “headache” was the most common complaint. During further follow‐up, in two patients, endocranial complications caused by recurrent frontal mucopyoceles (1 frontal abscess, 1 subacute meningitis) were observed. After transfrontal revision surgery, both patients recovered without neurologic damage.Conclusions: Even in cases of polyp recurrence, PSS provides significant symptom relief for nasal and facial symptoms associated with CRS. The symptom “headache” requires special attention because it improves least after surgery and may indicate recurrence of frontoethmoidal mucopyoceles or endocranial complication of CRS.
Microvascular Flap Reconstruction by Otolaryngologists: Prevalence, Postoperative Care, and Monitoring Techniques
Authors: Spiegel Jeffrey H. , Polat Julia K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackground/Objectives: Microvascular “free flap” transplants have become the preferred method of reconstruction for a great variety of complicated head and neck defects. As recently as 10 years ago, having a microvascular surgeon within a department of otolaryngology was the exception rather than the rule, whereas it is our impression that today most academic programs have one or more microvascularly trained head and neck surgeons. Among microvascular surgeons, postoperative care and management regimens vary greatly. Through informal conversations, we discerned that some surgeons take a very aggressive approach to monitoring, perhaps including prolonged stays in an intensive care setting with implanted Doppler devices to monitor flap blood flow and intravenous administration of dextran or other pharmaceutical projects. Others report that patients are quickly discharged from the hospital after just aspirin and subcutaneous heparin for a few days. Some physicians perform “flap checks” hourly, whereas others have residents check only once daily.Design/Methods: We surveyed academic otolaryngology–head and neck surgery departments that sponsor residency programs in the United States to 1) determine the prevalence of microvascular trained otolaryngologists within training programs and 2) assess variations in postoperative and monitoring regimens.Results: We found that on average, 12.2% of otolaryngologists per department perform free flap transplants, and 71.6% of microvascular trained surgeons continue to do free flaps. The surgeons self reported a 96.4% average success rate and a 6.88% return rate to the operating room for complications. Monitoring methods used included flap color (used by 79.4% of surgeons), Doppler signal (79.4%), pin prick and bleeding rate (67.6%), capillary refill (61.8%), skin surface temperature (11.8%), and implanted Doppler (8.8%). Anticoagulants used included aspirin (used by 76.5% of microvascular surgeons), low‐molecular‐weight dextran (35.3%), and subcutaneous heparin (26.5%).Conclusions: Microvascular training has become commonplace in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery training programs, with more than one in eight of these academic physicians reporting microvascular training. There was no self‐reported difference in flap failure rates on the basis of postoperative care and monitoring regimen. The results of this survey suggest that a simplified consensus postoperative regimen can be recommended.
Cold Dissection Versus Coblation‐Assisted Adenotonsillectomy in Children
Authors: Shapiro Nina L. , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: March 2007

AbstractObjective: To compare intraoperative efficiency and postoperative recovery between cold dissection adenotonsillectomy (CDA) and coblation‐assisted adenotonsillectomy (CAA).Methods: A prospective, randomized, single‐blind trial of pediatric patients aged 2 to 16 years undergoing adenotonsillectomy was conducted. Patients were randomized to undergo either CDA or CAA. Measured intraoperative parameters included surgical duration and intraoperative blood loss. Measured postoperative parameters included a 14 day caregiver questionnaire that recorded a daily pain rating using the Wong‐Baker FACES pain scale, pain medication use, days to return to a normal diet, and days to return to a normal caregiver routine. Postoperative complications were also recorded. Intraoperative and postoperative measures were statistically compared between groups.Results: Forty‐six children with a mean age of 6.7 years (23 CDA and 23 CAA) were randomized and completed the study. Mean age and sex distributions were similar between groups (P > .05). Surgical times were significantly shorter for the CAA group versus the CDA group (11.2 min vs. 17.0 min, P < .001). Intraoperative blood loss was statistically lower for both the adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy portions of the procedure for the CAA group versus the CDA group (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in reported daily pain scores between groups (P = .296, analysis of variance). Both groups returned to normal diet (P = .982), and caregivers returned to their normal routine on similar postoperative days (P = .631).Conclusions: CAA offers better operative speed and intraoperative hemostasis as compared with CDA. However, CAA does not result in poorer postoperative pain scores or recoveries despite these intraoperative advantages.