bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomewide Expression Profiling in the Zebrafish Embryo Identifies Target Genes Regulated by Hedgehog Signaling During Vertebrate Development
Authors: Xu Jun , Srinivas Bhylahalli P , Tay Shang Yew , Mak Alicia , Yu Xianwen , Lee Serene G P , Yang Henry , Govindarajan Kunde R , Leong Bernard , Bourque Guillaume , Mathavan Sinnakarupan , Roy Sudipto 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Hedgehog proteins play critical roles in organizing the embryonic development of animals, largely through modulation of target gene expression. Little is currently known, however, about the kinds and numbers of genes whose expression is controlled, directly or indirectly, by Hedgehog activity. Using techniques to globally repress or activate Hedgehog signaling in zebrafish embryos followed by microarray-based expression profiling, we have discovered a cohort of genes whose expression responds significantly to loss or gain of Hedgehog function. We have confirmed the Hedgehog responsiveness of a representative set of these genes with whole-mount in situ hybridization as well as real time PCR. In addition, we show that the consensus Gli-binding motif is enriched within the putative regulatory elements of a sizeable proportion of genes that showed positive regulation in our assay, indicating that their expression is directly induced by Hedgehog. Finally, we provide evidence that the Hedgehog-dependent spatially restricted transcription of one such gene, nkx2.9, is indeed mediated by Gli1 through a single Gli recognition site located within an evolutionarily conserved enhancer fragment. Taken together, this study represents the first comprehensive survey of target genes regulated by the Hedgehog pathway during vertebrate development. Our data also demonstrate for the first time the functionality of the Gli-binding motif in the control of Hedgehog signaling-induced gene expression in the zebrafish embryo.
Ltv1 Is Required for Efficient Nuclear Export of the Ribosomal Small Subunit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Seiser Robert M , Sundberg Alexandra E , Wollam Bethany J , Zobel-Thropp Pamela , Baldwin Katherine , Spector Maxwell D , Lycan Deborah E 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
In eukaryotes, 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits are assembled in the nucleus and exported to the cytoplasm independently of one another. Nuclear export of the 60S requires the adapter protein Nmd3, but no analogous adapter has been identified for the 40S. Ltv1 is a nonessential, nonribosomal protein that is required for 40S subunit biogenesis in yeast. Cells lacking LTV1 grow slowly, are hypersensitive to inhibitors of protein synthesis, and produce about half as many 40S subunits as do wild-type cells. Ltv1 interacts with Crm1, co-sediments in sucrose gradients with 43S/40S subunits, and copurifies with late 43S particles. Here we show that Ltv1 shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in a Crm1-dependent manner and that it contains a functional NES that is sufficient to direct the export of an NLS-containing reporter. Small subunit export is reduced in Δltv1 mutants, as judged by the altered distribution of the 5′-ITS1 rRNA and the 40S ribosomal protein RpS3. Finally, we show a genetic interaction between LTV1 and YRB2, a gene that encodes a Ran-GTP-, Crm1-binding protein that facilitates the small subunit export. We propose that Ltv1 functions as one of several possible adapter proteins that link the nuclear export machinery to the small subunit.
What Happened at the Workshop
Authors: Frisch Fay Templeton 
Published: August 2006

This Article, supplied by the National Committee on Piano Instruction in the Schools is published with the thought that many Journal readers are interested in plans, techniques and results having to do with the workshop or laboratory procedures in connection with in-service training for music teachers. The workshop described in the article was initiated at the University of Montana in 1948 by John B. Crowder, Northwest Division chairman of the MENC Piano Instruction Committee. Mrs. Frisch is the MENC Eastern Division chairman of the Committee. The classes comprising the laboratory material for the workshop were composed of children from the Missoula, Montana, public schools. Findings concerning the control groups in the first workshop were published in the February-March 1949 Music Educators Journal in an article entitled, “The Piano Teaching Workshop,” by John B. Crowder.
Investigative Activities in Music Education
Authors: Larson William S. 
Published: August 2006

In the last issue of the Journal, the first few of a series of abstracts of research studies in music education were reported by Dr. Larson, who is chairman of the Department of Music Education and school psychologist, Eastman School of Music, a member (1946-52) of the Music Education Research Council, and the compiler of the well-known “Bibliography of Research Studies in Music Education, 1932-48” published by the MENC under Research Council auspices. Here, Dr. Larson presents a general review of research activities in the music education field. An early issue of the Journal will continue the series of abstracts of special studies.
The National Music Camp
Authors: Browning Norma Lee 
Published: August 2006

There are many music camps throughout the United States. This article by Norma Lee Browning, although National Music Camp and its founder, Joseph E. Maddy, honors the purpose and spirit of all such enterprises. The summer music camp movement has spread across the country. Music study, recreation and outdoor life afford an ideal combination, especially attractive to those who are serious about their music studies. It can almost be said that wherever vou live there is in the area a music camp or similar institution which offers opportunity to high school students for summer music study. Mr. Maddy does not claim to have originated the music camp idea. But he and his co-workers, T. P. Giddings, C. M. Tremaine, and others who contributed hard work or hard money or both, had the imagination and confidence to spell out the idea in action. However, Mr. Maddy likes to give credit for the actual birth of the National Music Camp to the members of the National High School Orchestra, which had its second appearance' early in 1927 at the Dallas convention of the Department of Superintendence of the National Education Association-now called the American Association of School Administrators. (The National High School Orchestra was first organized by Mr. Maddy for the biennial national convention of the MENC at Detroit in 1926.) The students had a wonderful experience at Dallas in five days jammed with rehearsing, section coaching, and practicing alone and in groups between times-ending with a performance for a great audience of administrators, than which there is none more appreciative or responsive. Caine the tim1efor packing up to go home. Of course, nobody wanted to go home. It was sort of sad. The end had come so soon! Mr. Maddy dispelled the nostalgic gloom when he asked the group if they would like to get together again at a summer camp to practice, study and rehearse for a week or several weeks instead of a few days. You know the answer. C.V.B.
Early Events in the Professional Life of T. P. Giddings
Authors: Giddings T. P. 
Published: August 2006

THIS ARTICLE appeared in the February 1927 issue of the Music Supervisors Journal (Vol. XIII, No. 3). At the time he prepared the material T. P., as he was affectionately known by his friends, was supervisor of music in the Minneapolis, Minnesota, Public Schools. Editor Peter W. Dykema's introductory note follows: Mr. Giddings of Minneapolis continues our series of talks on early experiences. He is noted for two things: his music, and his fearlessness in saying and doing what he thinks best. He has more loyal friends and admirers than most of us, and at the same time more people violently disagree with him than with most of us; which is all to his good, for it takes a really big man to create real disagreement!
Why We Are Criticized: A Music Educator's Analysis
Authors: LaBach Parker 
Published: August 2006

“I HAVE READ with considerable interest William Schuman's MENC convention address, ‘The Responsibility of Music Education to Music,’ and Theodore F. Normann's reply, ‘The Responsibility of Music to Education.'” So wrote the author when he submitted this article to the Editorial Board of the Journal. His letter continued: “I congratulate you on publishing both of these thought-provoking, argumentative articles, and hope you will publish more in the same vein. While I am intensely interested Li composition and the theory and literature of music, I have also spent my entire career in music education, both in public schools and in music education departments of universities. Though I am far from complacent about the present state of school music, I speak as an ‘insider’ who believes whole-heartedly in the mission of the music educator and the fundamental principles of his work.” Readers will be interested to know that another article, also inspired by Mr. Schuman's convention address, written by Imogene Boyle, Director of Music, Hempstead Long Island Public Schools, will be published in a subsequent issue of the Journal.
The Responsibility of Music to Education
Authors: Normann Theodore F. 
Published: August 2006

“THE RESPONSIBILITY of Music Education to Music” was the subject of an address by William Schuman, president of the Juilliard School of Music, at a general session of the recent convention of the MENC at St. Louis, Missouri. Many in the audience were in agreement, at least in principle, with the speaker. Others, while in sympathy with Mr. Schuman's point of view, felt that it was not fully in accord with the common conception of the basic purpose of music instruction as part of the educational program. The address aroused so much discussion that it was published in the June-July 1956 issue of the official magazine to give a larger audience of music educators something to think about. The comments on Mr. Schuman's article here printed represent what the author believes to be the viewpoint of a great many persons who are concerned with music instruction in the schools as one of the important elements of public education. Mr. Normann, associate professor of music education in the University of Washington, Seattle, is chairman of the MENC Music Education Research Council, which has as one of its major current assignments the functions of MENC Music in American Life Commission I, “Basic Concepts in Music Education.” Mr. Normann stipulates his article presents his own personal understanding of the purpose and province of music teaching in the school curriculum as interpreted by most music educators. Others may have different ideas which they would like to express.
Nineteenth Century American Band Music: The Scala Library
Authors: Mayer Francis N. 
Published: August 2006

THIS is the first in a series of two articles on nineteenth century American band music. The second, “Early Band Music in the United States,” will appear in the February-March 1959 Music Educators Journal. The author is associate professor, Department of Music, College of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota. The article is based on research for a doctoral dissertation at the University of Minnesota.
Are Music and Science Compatible?
Authors: Novak Benjamin J. , Barnett Gladys R. 
Published: August 2006

A similar article to this one was published in 1956 in “The Science Teacher.” The same authors have now turned the coin and bring their combined experience in science vocational guidance and music education to present this article. One Editorial Board member remarked, “This should provide a foothold on a balanced set of values in music and science.” Another Editorial Board member considers this article effective material for any teacher who has a problem with guidance counselors recommending that their students drop music for one of the sciences
The Music Curriculum Present and Future: A Symposium from Albuquerque
Authors: Milton Robert W. 
Published: August 2006

OUTSTANDING among the events at the 1961 meeting of the MENC Southwestern Division at Albuquerque were two general sessions devoted to the music curriculum. At the first of these on Saturday morning, January 28, a panel of four discussed the present music curriculum and on the following day these same four persons turned their attention to the music curriculum of the future. The panel was composed of a supervisor (William C. Hartshorn, Los Angeles Public Schools), a layman (Cloyd Miller, president of New Mexico Western College), an administrator (William M. Lamers, assistant superintendent of the Milwaukee Public Schools), and a teacher (Augusta Spratt, Artesia, New Mexico Public Schools). The panel was charged with discussing the total school curriculum, kindergarten through twelfth grade. Presiding at the first session was F. Robert Hollowell of Wichita, Kansas, president of the Kansas Music Educators Association, and at the second, Albert H. Fitzgerrel of Ardmore, Oklahoma, immediate past-president of the Oklahoma Music Educators Association. Kenneth N. Cuthbert, dean of the North Texas State College School of Music, served as recorder and provided the transcripts from which the following selected extracts are taken.
Successful Administrative Relationships Make Successful Music Programs
Authors: Flora Frank E. 
Published: August 2006

VIRGINIA MUSIC EDUCATORS heard this article as an address when Mr. Flora spoke at the November 1960 meeting of VMEA which was held in conjunction with the Virginia Education Association in Richmond. The author, superintendent of the Radford City Schools, Radford, Virginia, so impressed his listeners that the VMEA president, Bernard W. Busse, made the speech available to Music Educators Journal, so that the talk “could be brought to the attention of a wider audience.”
The Mechanics Necessary to Preserve the Music Program in Education
Authors: Roberts John T. 
Published: August 2006

MUSIC EDUCATORS NATIONAL CONFERENCE sponsored a panel discussion at the March 1961 convention of the American Personnel and Guidance Association in Denver, Colorado. The purpose was to emphasize certain points necessary to preserve the creative arts in education. Chairman of the panel and first speaker was John T. Roberts, director, Department of Music Education, Denver Public Schools, and immediate past president of the MENC Southwestern Division. Appearing with him were Harold Keables and Edwin Stein. Mr. Keables teaches creative writing at South High School in Denver. An article about him entitled “A Dedicated Teacher's Pursuit of Excellence,” appeared in a June 1960 issue of Life magazine. Mr. Stein, until recently dean of the College of Fine Arts at the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, is now Dean of the College of Fine Arts at Boston University. Ralph Strouf, assistant professor of music at Denver University, was panel recorder.
To MENC Student Members: An Open Letter
Authors: Briggs Robert L. 
Published: August 2006

MENC STUDENT MEMBERS heard this article as an address at the Oklahoma Music Educators Association meeting in Oklahoma City in October 1960. Rather than the usual “Collegiate Newsletter,” this article is printed here so that other MENC student members will have the opportunity of sharing the excellent views of Mr. Briggs, who is Dean, School of Music, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma. The April-May issue of Music Educators Journal will carry chapter news and pictures.
The Emergence of a New Band Literature
Authors: Holvik Karl M. , Whitwell David 
Published: August 2006

Editor's Note: For about a century and a half after the first real works for band were composed in the 1790s-by Gossec, Catel, Jadin, and Méhul-there was relatively little composition originally intended for this medium. True, there was the band symphony by Berlioz, composed in 1840, another by Wagner four years later, and a smattering of works by such figures as Hummel and Spohr. But throughout the nineteenth century, most original concert band music consisted of marches (including ones by Tchaikovsky, Grieg, and Bruckner), dance pieces, and medleys; the remainder of the repertoire consisted of arrangements and transcriptions. A handful of important works emerged in the early part of the twentieth century. Grainger created his first Hill Song in 1902 (though it was published later), the Holst suites came along in 1909 and 1911, and Vaughan Williams composed his English Folk Song Suite in the 1920s. Around this time, Edwin Franko Goldman did much to promote original band composition, and by the late 1920s and early 1930s there were works available by Daniel Gregory Mason, Henry Hadley, Hindemith, Respighi, and Roussel. By the late 1930s, such composers as Miaskovsky, Prokofiev, Gliere, Weinberger, Honegger, and Cowell had contributed to the repertoire. It was not until the 1940s, however, that a real wave of interest and activity was apparent in the field. Since then, there has scarcely been a significant composer who has not composed something for the concert band, and a good number have contributed a substantial body of fine works to the repertoire. No longer need band directors rely heavily on music intended for other types of performance groups to give substance to their programs. With this in mind, MEJ asked Karl M. Holvik, professor of music at the University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls (and immediate past president of the College Band Directors National Association), and David Whitwell, professor of music at California State University at Northridge (and president of CBDNA), to discuss the current state of original literature for band. Although they have written from the standpoint of the college band director, many of their comments are equally pertinent to the high school band director.—M.E.B.
Social influences on the development of foraging behavior in free‐living common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Schiel Nicola , Huber Ludwig 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn this study we investigated the extent and pattern of social influences (i.e., the use of a conspecific as a model) on the foraging behavior of immature, wild common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) as a function of the age of individuals. We compared the foraging activities and interactions with subadult and adult group members (older than 15 months) of young infants (1–2 months old), older infants (3–4 months old), and juveniles (5–10 months old). In addition to measuring the intensities of model‐independent foraging (MIF) and merely paying attention to the model's foraging activities, we examined the frequencies of three types of model‐dependent foraging (MDF): “follow the model”, “manipulate the same object”, and “forage together”. We found that older infants were the most attentive and most socially‐influenced foragers among the three age categories in absolute terms, but were not more attentive than young infants given their low foraging activity. Juveniles, in contrast, tended to have reduced overall foraging intensity compared to infants, but showed relatively more MDF in cases in which they observed subadult or adult models. Female models appeared to be more attractive than male models. These findings suggest that infants are generally more attentive to the foraging behavior of subadults and adults than juveniles, with the latter being more influenced when they had observed a model before. These subtle age‐dependent effects of social foraging not only extend the assumption that young primates seek information from adults, they also suggest a complex interplay among physical and cognitive maturation, independence, and social dynamics. Am. J. Primatol. 68:1–11, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Disease risk analysis: a paradigm for using health‐based data to inform primate conservation and public health
Authors: Jones‐Engel Lisa , Engel Gregory A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractRisk analysis is a multidisciplinary process used to evaluate existing knowledge in order to prioritize risks associated with the spread of disease. A principle aim of risk analysis is to facilitate the development of cost‐effective management strategies. Risk analysis calls for a multidisciplinary approach to piece together and integrate the numerous factors that influence disease transmission. The seven papers included in this volume of AJP present current primatological research as viewed through the prism of risk analysis. Issues such as interspecies disease transmission, public health, and conservation of endangered species are addressed, and risk analysis is put forward as a possible paradigm to promote understanding of infectious disease and its impact on nonhuman primate and human populations. Am. J. Primatol. 68:851–854, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using retrospective health data from the Gombe chimpanzee study to inform future monitoring efforts
Authors: Lonsdorf E.V. , Travis D. , Pusey A.E. , Goodall J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractDisease outbreaks, either in isolation or in concert with other risk factors, can pose serious threats to the long‐term persistence of mammal populations, and these risks become elevated as population size decreases and/or population isolation increases. Many chimpanzee study sites are increasingly isolated by loss of habitat due to human encroachment, and managers of parks that contain chimpanzees perceive that disease outbreaks have been and continue to be significant causes of mortality for chimpanzees. Major epidemics at Gombe National Park include suspected polio in 1966; respiratory diseases in 1968, 1987, 1996, 2000, and 2002; and sarcoptic mange in 1997. These outbreaks have led park managers and researchers working in Gombe to conclude that disease poses a substantial risk to the long‐term survival of Gombe's chimpanzee population. We surveyed behavioral data records spanning 44 years for health‐related data and found a combination of standardized and nonstandardized data for the entire period. Here we present the types of data found during the survey, discuss the usefulness of these data in the context of risk assessment, and describe how our current monitoring effort at Gombe was designed based on our findings. Am. J. Primatol. 68:897–908, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anthrax in Western and Central African great apes
Authors: Leendertz Fabian H. , Lankester Felix , Guislain Patrick , Néel Cécile , Drori Ofir , Dupain Jef , Speede Sheri , Reed Patricia , Wolfe Nathan , Loul Severin , Mpoudi‐Ngole E. , Peeters Martine , Boesch Christophe , Pauli Georg , Ellerbrok Heinz , Leroy Eric M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractDuring the period of December 2004 to January 2005, Bacillus anthracis killed three wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and one gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in a tropical forest in Cameroon. While this is the second anthrax outbreak in wild chimpanzees, this is the first case of anthrax in gorillas ever reported. The number of great apes in Central Africa is dramatically declining and the populations are seriously threatened by diseases, mainly Ebola. Nevertheless, a considerable number of deaths cannot be attributed to Ebola virus and remained unexplained. Our results show that diseases other than Ebola may also threaten wild great apes, and indicate that the role of anthrax in great ape mortality may have been underestimated. These results suggest that risk identification, assessment, and management for the survival of the last great apes should be performed with an open mind, since various pathogens with distinct characteristics in epidemiology and pathogenicity may impact the populations. An animal mortality monitoring network covering the entire African tropical forest, with the dual aims of preventing both great ape extinction and human disease outbreaks, will create necessary baseline data for such risk assessments and management plans. Am. J. Primatol. 68:928–933, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.