bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mullins–Sekerka problem via the method of potentials
Authors: Escher Joachim , Matioc Anca‐Voichita , Matioc Bogdan‐Vasile 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIt is shown that the two‐dimensional Mullins–Sekerka problem is well‐posed in all subcritical Sobolev spaces with . This is the first result, where this issue is established in an unbounded geometry. The novelty of our approach is the use of the potential theory to formulate the model as an evolution problem with nonlinearities expressed by singular integral operators.
Epigenetic modifications in obesity‐associated diseases
Authors: Long Yiqian , Mao Chao , Liu Shuang , Tao Yongguang , Xiao Desheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe global prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic levels, significantly elevating the susceptibility to various cardiometabolic conditions and certain types of cancer. In addition to causing metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance (IR), elevated blood glucose and lipids, and ectopic fat deposition, obesity can also damage pancreatic islet cells, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes through chronic inflammation, and even promote the development of a microenvironment conducive to cancer initiation. Improper dietary habits and lack of physical exercise are important behavioral factors that increase the risk of obesity, which can affect gene expression through epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic alterations can occur in early stage of obesity, some of which are reversible, while others persist over time and lead to obesity‐related complications. Therefore, the dynamic adjustability of epigenetic modifications can be leveraged to reverse the development of obesity‐associated diseases through behavioral interventions, drugs, and bariatric surgery. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the impact of epigenetic regulation on the initiation and development of obesity‐associated cancers, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, establishing a theoretical basis for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions.
Autoimmune Movement Disorders Complicating Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Dinoto Alessandro , Trentinaglia Milena , Carta Sara , Mantovani Elisa , Ferrari Sergio , Tamburin Stefano , Tinazzi Michele , Mariotto Sara 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may trigger autoimmune neurological conditions, including movement disorders (MD).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterize MDs occurring as immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) of ICIs.MethodsA systematic literature review of case reports/series of MDs as irAEs of ICIs was performed.ResultsOf 5682 eligible papers, 26 articles with 28 patients were included. MDs occur as a rare complication of cancer immunotherapy with heterogeneous clinical presentations and in most cases in association with other irAEs. Inflammatory basal ganglia T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery abnormalities are rarely observed, but brain imaging is frequently unrevealing. Cerebrospinal fluid findings are frequently suggestive of inflammation. Half of cases are associated with a wide range of autoantibodies. Steroids and ICI withdrawal usually lead to improvement, even though some patients experienced relapses or a severe clinical course.ConclusionMDs are a rare complication of ICIs that should be promptly recognized to offer patients a correct diagnosis and treatment.
Tax incentives, common institutional ownership, and corporate ESG performance
Authors: Huang Chengjie , Zhou Hang , Norhayati Wan Ahmad , Saad Ram Al Jaffri , Zhang Xinrui 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of sustainable development, enterprises, the general public, and regulatory bodies are exhibiting an escalating level of concern regarding the performance in environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and corporate governance collectively referred to as ESG (Environmental, Social Responsibility, and Corporate Governance). This research, from the vantage point of external fiscal policy, investigates the examination of the impact of tax incentives on corporate ESG performance. Drawing upon panel data spanning from 2010 to 2021 at the level of China's A‐share listed companies and grounded in the context of accelerated depreciation policy for fixed assets, this study commitment to both identify and empirically test the presence of a significant positive correlation between tax incentives and corporate ESG performance. Our analysis of the financial mechanism and the Research and Development (R&D) mechanism reveals that tax incentives are instrumental in alleviating the financing constraints faced by corporations, thereby augmenting their financial performance. Furthermore, they serve to intensify R&D efforts, thereby fostering the generation of green innovations. In conclusion, our findings underscore that tax incentive policies significantly enhance the ESG performance of enterprises with common institutional shareholdings, an effect attributed to the presence of governance and synergy effects.
Interleaved Propofol‐Ketamine Maintains DBS Physiology and Hemodynamic Stability: A Double‐Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kornilov Evgeniya , Baker Erdman Halen , Kahana Eilat , Fireman Shlomo , Zarchi Omer , Israelashvili Michal , Reiner Johnathan , Glik Amir , Weiss Penina , Paz Rony , Bergman Hagai , Tamir Idit 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe gold standard anesthesia for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is the “awake” approach, using local anesthesia alone. Although it offers high‐quality microelectrode recordings and therapeutic‐window assessment, it potentially causes patients extreme stress and might result in suboptimal surgical outcomes. General anesthesia or deep sedation is an alternative, but may reduce physiological testing reliability and lead localization accuracy.ObjectivesThe aim is to investigate a novel anesthesia regimen of ketamine‐induced conscious sedation for the physiological testing phase of DBS surgery.MethodsParkinson's patients undergoing subthalamic DBS surgery were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. During physiological testing, the groups received 0.25 mg/kg/h ketamine infusion and normal saline, respectively. Both groups had moderate propofol sedation before and after physiological testing. The primary outcome was recording quality. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamic stability, lead accuracy, motor and cognitive outcome, patient satisfaction, and adverse events.ResultsThirty patients, 15 from each group, were included. Intraoperatively, the electrophysiological signature and lead localization were similar under ketamine and saline. Tremor amplitude was slightly lower under ketamine. Postoperatively, patients in the ketamine group reported significantly higher satisfaction with anesthesia. The improvement in Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale part‐III was similar between the groups. No negative effects of ketamine on hemodynamic stability or cognition were reported perioperatively.ConclusionsKetamine‐induced conscious sedation provided high quality microelectrode recordings comparable with awake conditions. Additionally, it seems to allow superior patient satisfaction and hemodynamic stability, while maintaining similar post‐operative outcomes. Therefore, it holds promise as a novel alternative anesthetic regimen for DBS. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A homozygous stop codon in HORMAD2 in a patient with recurrent digynic triploid miscarriage
Authors: Liang Manqi , Suresh Beena , Bareke Eric , Choufani Sanaa , Jagadeesh Sujatha , Weksberg Rosanna , Majewski Jacek , Slim Rima 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent miscarriage (RM) affects 1% to 5% of couples trying to conceive. Despite extensive clinical and laboratory testing, half of the RM cases remain unexplained. We report the genetic analysis of a couple with eight miscarriages and the search for their potential genetic etiology.MethodsShort tandem repeat (STR) markers, single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) microarray, and human DNA methylation microarray were used to analyze the genotypes of two miscarriages. Exomes sequencing was performed on DNA from the two partners and identified variants were validated by Sanger sequencing.ResultsSTR marker genotyping demonstrated that the two available miscarriages are triploid digynic and resulted from the failure of Meiosis II. SNP microarray analysis revealed an additional Meiosis I abnormality that is the segregation of the two maternal homologous chromosomes in one triploid miscarriage. Whole‐exome sequencing on DNA from the two partners identified candidate variants only in the female partner in two genes with roles in female reproduction, a missense in EIF4ENIF1 (OMIM 607445) and a stop gain in HORMAD2 (OMIM 618842). EIF4ENIF1 is a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E nuclear import factor required for the oocyte germinal vesicle breakdown, and HORMAD2 is part of the synaptonemal complex that was hypothesized to act as a checkpoint mechanism to eliminate oocytes with asynapsis during meiotic prophase I in mice.ConclusionWhile both genes may contribute to the phenotype, the Meiosis I abnormalities in the conceptions favor the causal role of HORMAD2 in the etiology of RM in this couple. This report illustrates the importance of comprehensively analyzing the products of conception to guide the search for the genetic causation of RM.
Metabolomic Investigation of Brain and Liver in Rats Fed Docosahexaenoic Acid in Regio‐ and Enantiopure Triacylglycerols
Authors: Pariyani Raghunath , Zhang Yumei , Haraldsson Gudmundur G. , Chen Kang , Linderborg Kaisa M. , Yang Baoru 
Published: February 2024

ScopeN‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs) play important roles in cognitive functions. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the metabolic impact of regio‐ and stereo‐specific positioning of n‐3 PUFAs in dietary triacylglycerols.Methods and resultsRats in a state of mild n‐3 PUFA deficiency are fed daily with 360 mg triacylglycerols containing DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) at sn (stereospecific numbering)‐1, 2, or 3 positions and 18:0 at remaining positions, or an equal amount of tristearin for 5 days. Groups fed with n‐3 deficient diet and normal n‐3 adequate diet are included as controls. The metabolic profiles of the brain and liver are studied using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance)‐based metabolomics. Several metabolites of significance in membrane integrity and neurotransmission, and glutamate, in particular, are significantly lower in the brain of the groups fed with sn‐1 and sn‐3 DHA compared to the sn‐2 DHA group. Further, the tristearin and DHA groups show a lower lactate level compared to the groups fed on normal or n‐3 deficient diet, suggesting a prominent role of C18:0 in regulating energy metabolism.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the impact of stereospecific positioning of DHA in triacylglycerols and the role of dietary stearic acid on metabolism in the brain and liver.
Hypolipidemic and Anti‐Obesity Effect of Anserine on Mice Orally Administered with High‐Fat Diet via Regulating SREBP‐1, NLRP3, and UCP‐1
Authors: Luo Jing , Chen Ming , Ji Hongwu , Su Weifeng , Song Wenkui , Zhang Di , Su Weiming , Liu Shucheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTo investigate the efficacy of anserine on antiobesity, C57BL/6 mice are orally administered with a high‐fat diet (HFD) and different doses of anserine (60, 120, and 240 mg/kg/day) for 16 weeks. Body weight, lipid, and epididymal fat content in mice are measured, and their liver damage is observed. The results display that the body weight, epididymal fat content, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) content in anserine groups are decreased by 4.36–18.71%, 7.57–35.12%, and 24.32–44.40%, respectively. To further investigate the antiobesity mechanism of anserine, the expression of SREBP‐1, NLRP3, NF‐κB p65 (p65), and p‐NF‐κB p65 (p‐p65) proteins in the liver and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1‐α) and UCP‐1 proteins in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is analyzed by Western blot. Results show that anserine can significantly decrease the expression of the NLRP3, p65, p‐p65, and the SREBP‐1 proteins and increase the expression of the PGC1‐α and UCP‐1 proteins. This study demonstrates that anserine lowered blood lipids and prevented obesity; its antiobesity mechanism may be related to the activation of brown fat by inflammation.
Multiscale simulation and prediction of mechanical properties for carbon fiber reinforced polymer orthotropic laminate
Authors: Song Qixuan , Xu Jinsheng , Chen Xiong , Huang Wei , Zeng Yi , Guo Zongtao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA multiscale analysis method based on numerical homogenization is presented for predicting the mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) orthogonally symmetric laminate. Initially, based on the structural characteristics of CFRP orthotropic symmetric laminate, the relational equations for calculating the mechanical engineering constants from the stiffness coefficient are proposed. Subsequently, the finite element model (FEM) of orthotropic laminate is established. Corresponding subroutines are developed through ABAQUS‐Python to extract and compute the simulation results and obtain the mechanical properties of the laminate. Next, the macroscale mechanical properties are estimated by combining the micro‐scale mechanical model, classical laminate theory (CLT), and volume averaging method. Ultimately, the accuracy of the proposed equations and the feasibility of the numerical homogenization method are demonstrated by comparing the results of numerical simulation predictions, theoretical predictions, and experiments.Highlights
Present the relational equations for calculating the mechanical engineering constants of CFRP orthotropic symmetric laminate from the stiffness coefficient.
Establish the FEM of orthotropic laminate and develop corresponding subroutines to obtain the mechanical properties of the laminate.
Analyze the mechanical properties of orthotropic laminate through microscopic modeling and CLT.
Temperature and strain rate effects on ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight‐polyethylene compression: An experimental and modeling approach
Authors: Kumar Manohar , Ravi Kesavan , Singh Sarthak S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aims to predict the compression behavior of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) at various temperatures (25, 40, and 55°C) and strain rates (~10−4/s and ~10−2/s) using a single set of three‐network (TN) viscoplastic model parameters. The TN model is made up of three parallel networks: networks A and B use nonlinear springs and dashpots to control the responses of the crystalline phase and confined amorphous phases, respectively, while network C captures the macromolecular amorphous networks using a single nonlinear spring. A single set of TN model parameters captures the yield and post‐yield hardening responses of the stress–strain curves at experimental temperatures and strain rates. When these TN model calibrated parameters are used as material property in a commercial finite element tool to simulate UHMWPE compression, the predicted and simulated results match well, showing the model's fidelity. Additionally, the model predicts experiments conducted at 40 and 70°C with loading rates of ~10−3/s and ~10−2/s, respectively. The study also correlates the deformations of UHMWPE's crystalline structure and macromolecular amorphous networks with its global stress versus strain response by extracting stresses from individual networks of the TN model at different strain rates and temperatures.Highlights
UHMWPE's mechanical behavior predicted by a single set of TN model parameters
TN model predicts mechanical response at various strain rates and temperatures.
TN model explains microstructural crystalline and amorphous phase deformations.
Development of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) composites with high thermal oxidation stability using Chrysanthemum morifolium extract as a natural additive
Authors: Kong Zhe , Li Yueqiu , Zhuang Tao , Zhang Jie , Wang Qidong , Yu Qing , Cheng Guiqing , Wang Zhongwei , Han Yuxi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractPoly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) is one of the solutions to the energy crisis and white pollution. However, the poor thermo‐oxidative stability limits its wide applications. In this work, Chrysanthemum morifolium extract (CME) as a natural additive was used to modify the PBAT. The oxidation onset temperature (OOT) results showed that the CME could provide PBAT with high thermal oxidation stability. By the presence of 2.5 wt% CME, the OOT value of PBAT‐CME2.5 increased by 52°C compared with the neat PBAT. The outstanding antioxidant capacity is attributed to the excellent free radical quenching capacity of CME, whose main components consist of six kinds of phenolic compounds. Moreover, the PBAT‐CME1.5 composite could achieve the balance between the mechanical property and thermo‐oxidative stability, the OOT result of PBAT‐CME1.5 increased by 42°C, the tensile strength reached 103.1%, and the elongation at break could retain 91.4% of that of neat PBAT. Besides, the processing property, degradation performance, and surface hydrophobic nature of modified PBAT samples were all improved. This work proposes a facile method to obtain completely natural biodegradable composites to expand the practical applications of PBAT.Highlights
The main components in CME are phenolic compounds.
CME showed high free radical scavenging efficiency.
CME improved the thermal oxidation stability of the PBAT matrix.
The addition of CME could still maintain good mechanical properties of PBAT.
The introduction of CME promoted the degradation of PBAT films.
Registration of USDA‐N6006 soybean germplasm combining high yield, flood tolerance, and elevated oil content
Authors: Mian M. A. Rouf , Cunicelli Mia J. , Carter Thomas E. , Villagarcia Margarita , Fallen Benjamin D. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUSDA‐N6006 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. no. GP‐527, PI 704140) is a conventional F4–derived early maturity group (MG) VI germplasm jointly released by USDA‐ARS and North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in 2023. USDA‐N6006 is the first MG VI, publicly released germplasm that combines flood tolerance with high‐yield lodging resistance, and elevated seed oil. Over 19 environments of the MG VI USDA Southern Uniform Soybean Trials (2017–2018), seed yield of USDA‐N6006 (3393 kg ha−1) was similar to high‐yielding lodging‐resistant check cultivars ‘NC‐Dunphy’ (3427 kg ha−1) and ‘NC‐Dilday’ (3475 kg ha−1). It matured 1 day earlier than NC‐Dunphy and exhibited similar lodging scores. Over 5 years of testing in North Carolina (2016–2019), USDA‐N6006 exhibited very robust flood tolerance. Mean flooding scores were numerically or statistically (p < 0.05) superior to the four flood‐tolerant controls at both V4 and R1 growth stages. USDA‐N6006 was not intentionally bred to be flood tolerant and identified as such only through an extensive screening of “in house” USDA breeding lines. USDA‐N6006 and most of its antecedents are unique in that they are derived from unreleased breeding lines developed at the flood prone Tidewater Research station in North Carolina. Inadvertent selection for flood tolerance may have been a part of the USDA's long‐term breeding effort to improve yield. Seed oil content of USDA‐N6006 (237 g kg−1) was similar to that of elevated seed oil cultivar NC‐Dilday, but significantly higher than NC‐Dunphy (228 g kg−1) in the Uniform Trials. Seed protein content and estimated meal protein contents of USDA‐N6006 (389 g kg−1 and 46.4%, respectively) were similar to that of NC‐Dunphy. USDA‐N6006 should be excellent parental stock for applied breeding in the southern United States.
Deep quantitative proteomics of North American Pacific coast star tunicate (Botryllus schlosseri)
Authors: Kültz Dietmar , Gardell Alison M. , DeTomaso Anthony , Stoney Greg , Rinkevich Baruch , Rinkevich Yuval , Qarri Andy , Dong Weizhen , Luu Brenda , Lin Mandy 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBotryllus schlosseri, is a model marine invertebrate for studying immunity, regeneration, and stress‐induced evolution. Conditions for validating its predicted proteome were optimized using nanoElute® 2 deep‐coverage LCMS, revealing up to 4930 protein groups and 20,984 unique peptides per sample. Spectral libraries were generated and filtered to remove interferences, low‐quality transitions, and only retain proteins with >3 unique peptides. The resulting DIA assay library enabled label‐free quantitation of 3426 protein groups represented by 22,593 unique peptides. Quantitative comparisons of single systems from a laboratory‐raised with two field‐collected populations revealed (1) a more unique proteome in the laboratory‐raised population, and (2) proteins with high/low individual variabilities in each population. DNA repair/replication, ion transport, and intracellular signaling processes were distinct in laboratory‐cultured colonies. Spliceosome and Wnt signaling proteins were the least variable (highly functionally constrained) in all populations. In conclusion, we present the first colonial tunicate's deep quantitative proteome analysis, identifying functional protein clusters associated with laboratory conditions, different habitats, and strong versus relaxed abundance constraints. These results empower research on B. schlosseri with proteomics resources and enable quantitative molecular phenotyping of changes associated with transfer from in situ to ex situ and from in vivo to in vitro culture conditions.
Dynamic co‐ordination networks in carboxylated nitrile rubber and development of self‐healing and recyclable rubber composites
Authors: Wajge Suraj W. , Basu Debdipta , Das Amit , Mandal Subhradeep , K. Maji Pradip , Singh Shiva , Das Chayan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMetal–ligand coordinated cross‐linked polymeric composites that can alter the network topology via a dynamic bond‐exchange mechanism have been recognized as very promising candidates to address the shortcomings of conventional cross‐linked composites, such as poor recyclability and self‐healing ability. This has led to much interest in the cross‐linking of elastomers via non‐covalent interactions with suitable metal ions. In this report, we present a simple but efficient approach to ferric ions (Fe3+) assisted crosslinking of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) in the presence of an aliphatic amine (Et3N). The dynamic coordination reaction via carboxylate functional group of nitrile rubber (XNBR) is employed to fulfill the coordination requirements of the central Fe3+ metal ion. This is confirmed by x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The crucial role of Et3N in partially hindering and regulating the extent of crosslinking is investigated and mechanistically interpreted by swelling, differential scanning calorimetry, and rheological study. The tensile strength of ferric crosslinked XNBR could be enhanced up to four times than that of pure XNBR. Furthermore, the dynamic coordination‐driven network of XNBR offers excellent self‐healing (90% efficiency) and recyclability features (80% efficiency) for a composite of appropriate formulations.