bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stillwater Complex, southern Montana; A layered mafic intrusion
Authors: Atkinson W. W. , Derkey Robert E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Stillwater Complex is about 75 mi (120 km) southwest of Billings, Montana, and northeast of Yellowstone National Park (Fig. 1). Exposures of the NE-dipping complex extend over a 30-mi-long (48 km) strike along the north margin of the Beartooth Mountains. The Benbow and Mountain View areas southwest of Absarokee, Montana (Fig. 1), are readily accessible by passenger car. The Benbow area offers easy access to a variety of rocks from the ultramafic series and chromite deposits but only limited exposures of features from the banded series. The Mountain View area offers easy access to most of the banded series and the platinum deposits.
The Benbow and Mountain View areas are reached by exiting 1-90 at Columbus, Montana (Fig. 1), onto Montana 78 and proceeding south to Absarokee. County Highway 419 to both areas begins 2.5 mi (4.0 km) south of Absarokee. It is a narrow blacktop road that passes through Fishtail, where a small motel and restaurant are located. The Benbow turnoff at Dean, a collection of several houses, is 13.9 mi (22.4 km) from Montana 78. Turn left onto the gravel road marked “Benbow mine” if you wish to tour the Benbow area (Table 1). Continue on County Highway 419 if you wish to tour the Mountain View area (Table 2). The Nye Post Office and Carters Camp are located 20.4 mi (32.8 km) from the Montana 78 junction. Continuing ahead 5.4 mi (8.7 km) will bring you to the platinum mining operations at the end of the backtop road.
A study in contrasts
Authors: Mueller Paul A. , Locke William W. , Wooden Joseph L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Beartooth Highway (U.S. 212) lies southwest of Billings, Montana (Fig. 1). The section of highway discussed here extends from Red Lodge, Montana, to Cooke City, Montana. The road is paved and well maintained, but it may be temporarily closed by snow as early as Labor Day. It closes for the season by middle to late September, and remains closed until mid-May. The stops discussed here (Fig. 1) are pullouts (4 to 6 cars) on the highway and are accessible by two-wheel drive cars. Other than pullouts the road is narrow, with little possibility of overflow parking. Land ownership is largely National Forest (Gallatin and Custer in Montana, Shoshone in Wyoming) with the exception of private holdings along Rock Creek below the switchbacks.
Depositional surfaces in the Eagle Sandstone at Billings, Montana
Authors: Hansen William B. , Kendrick Kevin R. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The lower sandstone unit of the Upper Cretaceus Eagle Sandstone is extensively exposed in a 300-ft (100-m) high cliff which is dangerously sheer in places and rises above the north edge of Billings, Montana (Fig. 1). An excellent view of the cliffs from a distance can be seen from Rocky Mountain College. The safest and most accessible place to examine the outcrop is in Swords Park, a city park open to the public and accessible by two-wheel drive vehicles.
The Hebgen Lake Earthquake Area, Montana and Wyoming
Authors: Witkind Irving J. , Stickney Michael C. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Hebgen Lake Earthquake Area, in southwestern Montana, extends westward from the east edge of Hebgen Lake through the Madison River Canyon, a narrow, deep gorge cut through the Madison Range, to Missouri Flats, west of the range. Hebgen Lake, about 8 mi (13 km) north of West Yellowstone, Montana, lies at the base of the east flank of the Madison Range directly west of the northwest corner of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. The lake is used as a storage reservoir impounded behind Hebgen Dam, an earth-filled structure built by Montana Power Company in 1914.
The earthquake area is easily reached from almost any direction by major all-weather surfaced highways (inset map, Fig. 1). The area is accessible from the east through Yellowstone Park’s West Entrance, which leads directly into West Yellowstone; from the south by multi-lane U.S. 20, which also passes through West Yellowstone; from the north via U.S. 191, which threads then arrow, deeply forested and scenic Gallatin Canyon; and from the west via U.S. 287, which passes through Ennis, a ranching center that still retains the flavor of the old west. The West Yellowstone airport also gives access to the area.
The Hebgen Lake area is a favorite tourist and reort area. Lodging is available in West Yellowstone and at several motels along the north shore of Hebgen Lake. Excellent campsites, well maintained by the U.S. Forest Service, are along U.S. 191 north of West Yellowstone, and in Madison River Canyon (Montana 287) west of Hebgen Dam. Most services are available throughout the year in West Yellowstone, although many hotels and some restarants close for the winter soon after Labour Day.
Upper Cretaceus coastal plain sediments at Dinosaur Provincial Park, southeast Alberta
Authors: Koster Emlyn H. , Currie Philip J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Dinosaur Provincial Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site 112 mi (180 km) east of Calgary, Alberta, occupies part of a large tract of badlands along the Red Deer River valley in the semi-arid southeast Alberta plains (Fig. 1). Access is from the Trans-Canada Highway at Brooks (where all major services are available), northeastward 30 mi (48 km) on Alberta Highways 873, 554, and 551. The Park is fully operative from May 15 to September 15; camping facilities are limited with a small retail food outlet. Access to outcrop requires dry weather, and precautions should be taken for extreme heat, rough terrain and occasional rattlesnakes. Provincial regulations prohibit the extraction of any fossil material.
In terms of visitor access, the badlands are divided into two areas (Fig. 1). First, Dinosaur Park encloses 23 mi2 (60 km2) of crown land flanking the river for 16 mi(25 km) downstream from the Steveville bridge on Alberta Highway 876. It is subdivided into a small public area surrounding the campground and a Natural Preserve into which bus tours and hikes are regularly conducted by Park officials. Inquiries about further access to the Natural Preserve should be directed to Park officials (403/378-4587). Plans are underway to relocate the Park headquarters approximately 1.2 mi (2 km) upstream and to expand visitor services. Secondly, the extensive privately owned badlands that surround the Park continue eastward to the bridge crossing on Alberta Highway 884, north of Jenner. With arugged vehicle and local landowner permission, the prairie edge is reached by a network of dirt tracks
Surface faulting associated with the 1983 Borah Peak earthquake at Doublespring Pass road, east-central Idaho
Authors: Crone Anthony J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Doublespring Pass road site is an excellent location at which to examine the surface faulting and ground breakage that accompanied the 1983 Borah Peak earthquake. The site can be reached by traveling 23 mi (37 km) northwest from Mackay, Idaho, or 30 mi (48 km) southeast from Challis, Idaho (Fig. 1), on U.S. 93 to the Doublespring Pass road turnoff. The Doublespring Pass road heads northeast from the highway. The intersectionof the Doublespring Pass road with the highway is identified by a sign indicating the direction to the towns of May and Patterson. The turnoff is also identified at the intersection by a historical marker commemorating William E. Borah, after whom Borah Peak was named. The Doublespring Pass road crosses thefault scarps 2.5 mi (4 km) northeast of the intersection of U.S. 93 (Fig. 2).
Doublespring Pass road is a wide, well-maintained gravel road that can be safely traveled by passenger car and bus to the site (although the road is impassable at times in the winter and early spring when snow covers the area). The site lies within Challis National Forest and is open to the public.
Late Cenozoic stratigraphy and geomorphology, Fort Niobrara, Nebraska
Authors: Voorhies M. R. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The central Niobrara River valley in northern Nebraska(Fig. 1) has played an important role in the conceptual development of late Tertiary stratigraphy and vertebrate paleontology in the Great Plains. Much of our current understanding of the evolution of such mammals as horses, camels, and proboscideans is based on fossils collected from the Valentine and Ash Hollow Formations exposed in the deep (by Nebraska standards!)canyons of the Niobrara River and its tributaries in Brown, Cherry, and Keya Paha Counties. The Valentine-Ash Hollow sequence in this area represents the northernmost expression of a complex of alluvial deposits collectively known as the Ogallala (variously termed agroup or formation) which blankets much of the Great New Mexico.
The only paved road to traverse reasonably good exposures of the classic Ogallala sequence in the Niobrara valley is Nebraska 12 about 3 mi (4.8 km) northeast of Valentine. Two adjacent road cuts at the northwestern margin of Fort Niobrara National Wildlife Refuge (see. 22, T.34N., R.27W., Cornell Dam Quadrangle, Fig. 2) expose nearly the entire thickness of the Valentine Formation and the Cap Rock Member of the Ash Hollow Formation. Examination of the road cuts, combined with a tour of the Refuge, will provide the visiting geologist with an overview of the later Tertiary mantle of the Great Plains near the boundary between the latter physiographic province and the Central Lowlands Province to the east. Geomorphological relation ships are also exceptionally clear along this segment of the Niobrara River; the very late
Late Cenozoic geology along the summit to museum hiking trail, Scotts Bluff National Monument, western Nebrasak
Authors: Swinehart James B. , Loope David B. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Scotts Bluff National Monument is best reached by starting from the junction of Nebraska 71 and 92 in downtown Gering, Nebraska, and proceeding westward on Nebraska 92 for 2.4 mi(3.4 km) to the visitor center (Fig.1). The monument is open from 8 A.M. to 8 p. M. Memorial Day to Labor Day, 8 A.M. to 6 p. M. Labor Day to October 1, and 8 A.M. to 5 p. M. October 1 to Memorial Day. Educational groups are not charged the nominal usage fee for admittance to the summit road and parking(Fig.2). Please stay on the trails and note that collecting rocks or other items is prohibited without a permit from the National Park service.
Lover’s Leap, type section Hannibal Shale, Missouri
Authors: Thompson Thomas L. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
This is a major Mississippi River bluff exposure above a road next to the railroad yard on the southeast edge of Hannibal, Marion County, Missouri, just west of center of SE¼ Sec. 28, T.57N., R.4W., Hannibal East 7½-minute Quadrangle (Fig. 1).
Geology of the Circumferential Highway System at Kansas City, Missouri
Authors: Gentile Richard J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
This section is a roadcut at the 1-470 exit at Raytown Road(SW¼NW¼Sec.33, T.48N., R.32W., Jackson County, Missouri, Lees Summit 7½-minute Quadrangle (Figs. 1 and 2). Park along Raytown Road north of the bridge over 1–470 and walk east along the access road and onto the grassy strip of right-of-way about 200 ft (60 m) wide on the north side (westbound lane) of 1–470. The section, with faults, is exposed about 1000 ft (300 m) east of Raytown Road.
Hahatonka karst landform complex, Camden County, Missouri
Authors: Hebrank Arthur W. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Ha Ha Tonka State Park, Sec. 2 and W½SW¼Sec. 1, T.37N., R. 17 W., Camden County, Missouri;Hahatonka 7½-minute Quadrangle. Entrance to Ha Ha Tonka State Park is on State Road D (Fig. 1), about 2.3 mi (3.7 km) southeast of its junction with Missouri 54, west of Camdenton, Missouri. Well-designed and well-maintained trails within the park provide access to all major features of interest (Fig. 1). The site is on public land. Note: State park rules prohibit defacing or collecting rocks.
Potosi-Highway 8 Cambrian exposure, southeastern Missouri
Authors: Thompson Thomas L. , Palmer James 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
This composite section consists of a sequence of roadcuts on Missouri 8, between the town of Flat River and the bridge over Big River, St. Francois County, Missouri (Fig. 1). It comprises strata from upper Bonneterre Formation to basal Derby-Doerun Dolomite; the entire Davis Formation is represented. This exposure is within 3 mi (4.8 km) of the type section of the Davis Formation (SW¼Sec.7,T.36N.,R.5 E., to NE¼Sec.13,T.36N., R.4E.), where approximately 170 ft (52 m) of Davis strata have been described (Buckley, 1908)
Silver Mine district
Authors: Kisvarsanyi Eva B. , Hebrank Arthur W. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
NW¼SW¼SE¼Sec.12, T.33N., R.5E., Silver Mine Dam on St.Francis River, Madison County, Missouri; Rhodes Mountain 7½-minute quadrangle.From the junction of Missouri 72 and Missouri D at Oak Grove, follow Missouri D south and southwest for 3.3 mi (5.2 km) to the parking lot adjacent to the picnic area on the east side of the road, about 200 ft (60 m) south of the bridge across the St.Francis River (Fig. 1).Cross the road and walk uphill west then north onthe prominently marked foot trail leading to the historic Einstein Silver Mine and the Silver Mine Dam.The trail roughly parallels the river for about 2,000 ft (600 m) to the mine.About 1, 500 ft (450 m) Missouri D, the trail joins an old wagon road carved into bedrock; bear right and follow the old wagon road downhill to the mine and dam.To return to the parking lotretrace the trail to the mine or, if conditions permit, cross the St.Francis River at the dam and follow the trail along the eastern bluffs of the river.The site is on public land.
Taum Sauk Power Plant section
Authors: Kisvarsanyi Eva B. , Hebrank Arthur W. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
NE¼SE¼SW¼Sec.21, T.33N., R.2E., Taum Sauk Power Plant, Reynolds County, Missouri; Johnson Shut-ins 7½-minute Quadrangle. The site is 10.8 mi (17.3 km) west ofthe village of Hogan, in Iron County, and can be reached by Missouri AA or, from Lesterville, in Reynolds County, by Missouri U (Fig. 1).The site is owned by the Union Electric Company and is open daily to visitors.A small museum is in the nearbyVisitor Center.
Precambrian/Paleozoic unconformity at Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin
Authors: Ostrom M. E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Stream cut in east bank of Duncan Creek just northof first bridge south of Glen Lock Dam in Irvine Parknear north city limits of Chippewa Falls (Fig. 1) in the NW½, SW½, NE½, Sec.31, T.29N., R.8W., Chippewa County (Chippewa Falls 7¼-minute Quadrangle, 1972). Exposure can be reached by foot path from northeast side of bridge northward for about 300 ft (90 m).
Late Cambrian Eau Claire Formation at Strum, Wisconsin
Authors: Ostrom M. E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Abandoned quarry at east side of County Trunk Highway D 0.2 mi (0.3 km) north of its junction with U.S.10 at the north edge of the village of Strum in the NW¼, NE¼, SE¼, Sec.18, T.24N., R.8W., Trempealeau County, Wisconsin, Strum 7½-minute Quadrangle (Fig. 1).
Archean gneiss at Lake Arbutus Dam, Jackson County, Wisconsin
Authors: Maass R. S. , Brown B. A. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
SE¼, Sec.3, T.22N., R.3W., Hatfield 7½-minute Topographic Quadrangle.Outcrop along the Black River below the eastern half of Arbutus Dam (Fig. 1). Approach is on a 0.2-mi-long (0.3 km) gravel road that intersects Clay School Road 0.1 mi (0.2 km) west of the Green Bay and Western Railroad tracks.Additional outcrop occurs for 0.6 mi (1 km) downstream from dam.
Proterozoic quartzite at Hamilton Mound, central Wisconsin
Authors: Brown B. A. , Greenberg J. K. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The quarry at Hamilton Mound is in the NE¼, Sec.36, T.-20N., R.6E., Coloma NW 7½-minute Quadrangle. It can be reached by turning east from Wisconsin 13 on Archer Drive, just north of Dorro Couche Lake, and proceeding about 4 mi (6 km) to a turnoff leading south into the quarry in the middle of Hamilton Mound.The turnoff from Wisconsin 13 is about 15 mi (24 km) south of Wisconsin Rapids (Fig.1).
Middle Ordovician rocks at Potosi Hill, Wisconsin
Authors: Ostrom M. E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Roadcut at east side of U.S. 61 and Wisconsin 35 about 1 mi (1.6 km) northwest of bridge over Platte River and 4 mi (6.4 km) northwest of Dickeyville in the SE¼, NW¼, Sec.7, T.2N., R.2W., Grant County, Wisconsin in the Potosi 7½-minute Quadrangle (Fig. 1).
Middle Ordovician Platteville Formation, Hoadley Hill, Wisconsin
Authors: Ostrom M. E. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Exposure in roadcut at north side of U.S. 151 about 6.5 mi (10.8 km) southwest of Platteville in the W½, NE¼, Sec.12, and the W½, SE¼, Sec.1, T.2N., R.2W., Grant County, Wisconsin on the Dickeyville 7½-minute Quadrangle (Fig. 1).
The Silurian reef at Thornton, Illinois
Authors: Mikulic Donald G. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Thornton Reef is exposed in quarries owned by the Material Service Corporation and in roadcuts along 1-80 and 1-294, about 4.8mi(8km) west of the Illinois-Indiana boundary (Figs. 1 and 2), in the W¼,Sec.27,N¼Sec.33,T.36N.,R.13E,Harvey and Calumet City 7¼-minute Quadrangles, Thornton, Cook County, Illinois.
Wedron Section, Wedron, Illinois
Authors: Johnson W. Hilton , Hansel Ardith K. , Follmer Leon R. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Wedron Section is located in the Wedron Silica Quarry, Sees. 8, 9, 10, and 16, T. 34 N., R. 4 E., La Salle County, Illinois, 4 mi (6.4 km) north of 1-80 andjust west of the Fox River (Fig.1). From 1-80, exit north on Illinois 71 and continue northeast for 3 mi (4.8 km); turn west on Wedron Road and proceed 3 mi (4.8 km) to the entrance to the Wedron Silica Company in Wedron. To enter the quarry, permission must be obtained from the Wedron Silica Company (phone number 815– 433–2449). Exposures in the quarry are accessible by vehicle; high axle clearance is usually essential.
Starved Rock, Illinois
Authors: Kolata Dennis R. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
Starved Rock is on the south bank of the Illinois River, 1.5mi (2.4 km) southeast of Utica in La Salle County, Illinois (Sec.22, T.33N., R.2E.; Starved Rock 7½-minute Quadrangle). It ispart of Starved Rock State Park, which consists of 2, 630 acres(1, 052 ha) of wooded area along a7mi(11.2 km) stretch of theriver midway between La Salle-Peru and Ottawa (Fig. 1).
The main entrance to the park is accessible from 1-80 or U.S. 51. Leave 1-80 at exit81 and proceed south on Illinois 178through Utica and across the Illinois River. Turn left at the parkentrance 0.25 mi (0.4 km) south of the river. From U.S. 51 turnnortheast on Illinois 71 and proceed north through Oglesby. Turneast at Jonesville and continue along Illinois 71 to Illinois 178and turn left. The park entrance is on the right, 0.75 mi (1.2 km)north of the Illinois 71-178 intersection. Groups of 25 or morepeople must receive permission from the Site Superintendent, Starved Rock State Park, Box 116, Utica, Illinois 61373 (phone 815-667-4726). Starved Rock can be viewed and photographed on the north side of the Illinois River at the Starved Rock Lockand Dam.
Duer Ranch, Merrill County, Nebraska
Authors: Swinehart James B. , Diffendal R. F. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Duer Ranch locality is situated on either side of U.S. 26 in southeastern Merrill County, Nebraska, halfway between the villages of Lisco and Broadwater and about 54 mi (90 km)southeast of Scottsbluff, Nebraska. The Rush Creek Land and Livestock Company currentlyowns all of sections 28, 29, 33, 34, and 35 of T. 19 N., R.47 W., as well as parts of sections 2, 3, 4, 10, and 11 of T. 18N., R.47W. (Broadwater and Tar Valley SW, 7½-minute Quadrangles; Fig. 1). The owners have allowed geologists to study the exposures on ranch property providedthat visitors stop at the ranch headquarters (Fig. 1) and obtain permission from the ranch foreman. Vehicles shouldbe parked inside the gate on thenorth side of U.S. 26 in the SW¼ Sec. 3, T.18N., R47.W. (Fig. 1), and all study ofthe site should be done on foot.Be certain to closeany gates that you open, anddo not smoke on the property. Rattlesnakes are found on the ranch. If you have asmall group and wish to examine the exposures in the southeast corner of the locality, two vehicles can park safely along the north side of the road cut on U.S. 26 in the NE¼ NW¼ sec. 10, T.18N., R.47W.
Farm Creek, central Illinois
Authors: Follmer Leon R. , McKay E.Donald 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Farm Creek Section is located in central Illinois, nearthe late Wisconsinan glacial margin east of Peoria, Illinois(Fig. 1). The section is a cut bank along Farm Creek in the Farmdale Recreation Area, a public park adjacent to East Peoria(Fig. 2)It is about 5 mi (8.5 km) east of Peoria via I-74 and Illinois 8 to Robein or to Farmdale via Farmdale Road Fig. 3)Either route provides access to the west entrance of the park. Turn south on Summit Drive 1.5 mi (2.4 km) east of Robein. This roadturns into Bitter sweet Road and provides a scenic view of the parkin the valley on the way to the west entrance. Farmdale Road goesup Farm Creek Valley through Farmdale, a former station on the Toledo, Peoria, and Western Railroad. East of Farmdale, turn north on Summit Road to the west entrance of Farmdale Park.
The east entrance to the park is off School Road about 0.5 mi(0.8 km) east of Summit Drive. During good weather one can drive on a gravel road from one entrance to the other but mustcross three concrete-bottom fords. The main geologic section, on the south side of the creek near the middle ford can be seen from the road.
Farm Creek is subject to flash floods that sometimes bury the fords with gravel or cause structural damage. The bottomland road is usually closed for repairs following floods; at such time shiking from the east entrance along the railroad track to
Geologic features near Grand Tower, Illinois
Authors: Fraunfelter George H. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The Devil’s Backbone, the Devil’s Bake Oven, and Fountain Bluff are located in extreme southwestern Illinois in Jackson County, adjacent to the Mississippi River (Fig. 1). All three sites are shown along the southeastern edge of the Altenburg 7½-minute Quadrangle; the remainder of Fountain Bluff is shown on the Gorham 7½-minute Quadrangle. Locality 1, the Devil’s Backbone, and Locality 2, the Devil’s Bake Oven, are situated in Grant Tower City Park on the northwest side of town; Locality 3, Fountain Bluff, is about 1 mi (1.6 km) north of town. All sites are readily accessible via car and short walks.
Locality 1. The Devil’s Backbone: abandonedquarry on southeast end of ridge, SE¼SW¼SW¼Sec.24, T.10S., R.4W., 3rdp. M. (Fig. 2). Locality 2. TheDevil’s Bake Oven: center ofS½4NE¼Sec.23, T.10S., R.4W., 3rdp. M. Locality 3. Draw situatedalong the southwestern side of Fountain Bluff, SE¼NW¼-Sec.13, T.10S., R.4W., 3rdp. M. Access to the latter site may be gained by asking the owner, who lives in the white frame house just across theroad to the south of the draw, and less than 0.25 mi (0.4 km) northwest of the T-road intersection near the center of the NE¼SW¼Sec.13.