bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in prevalence of unmet need for family planning in India: patterns of change across 36 States and Union Territories, 1993–2021
Authors: Devaraj Kirtana , Gausman Jewel , Mishra Raman , Kumar Akhil , Kim Rockli , Subramanian S. V. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Eliminating unmet need for family planning by 2030 is a global priority for ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages. We estimate the sub-national trends in prevalence of unmet need for family planning over 30 years in India and study differences based on socio-economic and demographic factors.

Methods
We used data from five National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) conducted between 1993 to 2021 for the 36 states/Union Territories (UTs) of India. The study population included women of ages 15–49 years who were married or in a union at the time of the survey. The outcome was unmet need for family planning which captures the prevalence of fecund and sexually active women not using contraception, who want to delay or limit childbearing. We calculated the standardized absolute change to estimate the change in prevalence on an annual basis across all states/UTs. We examined the patterning of prevalence of across demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and estimated the headcount of women with unmet need in 2021.

Results
The prevalence of unmet need in India decreased from 20·6% (95% CI: 20·1– 21·2%) in 1993, to 9·4% (95% CI: 9·3–9·6%) in 2021. Median unmet need prevalence across states/UTs decreased from 17·80% in 1993 to 8·95% in 2021. The north-eastern states of Meghalaya (26·9%, 95% CI: 25·3–28·6%) and Mizoram (18·9%, 95% CI: 17·2–20·6%), followed by the northern states of Bihar (13·6%, 95% CI: 13·1–14·1%) and Uttar Pradesh (12·9%, 95% CI: 12·5–13·2%), had the highest unmet need prevalence in 2021. As of 2021, the estimated number of women with an unmet need for family planning was 24,194,428. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, and West Bengal accounted for half of this headcount. Women of ages 15–19 and those belonging the poorest wealth quintile had a relatively high prevalence of unmet need in 2021.

Conclusions
The existing initiatives under the National Family Planning Programme should be strengthened, and new policies should be developed with a focus on states/UTs with high prevalence, to ensure unmet need for family planning is eliminated by 2030.
Validation of the predictive value of BDNF -87 methylation for antidepressant treatment success in severely depressed patients—a randomized rater-blinded trial
Authors: Maier Hannah Benedictine , Neyazi Alexandra , Bundies Gabriel L. , Meyer-Bockenkamp Fiona , Bleich Stefan , Pathak Hansi , Ziert Yvonne , Neuhaus Barbara , Müller Franz-Josef , Pollmann Iris , Illig Thomas , Mücke Stefanie , Müller Meike , Möller Brinja Kira , Oeltze-Jafra Steffen , Kacprowski Tim , Voges Jan , Müntefering Fabian , Scheiber Josef , Reif Andreas , Aichholzer Mareike , Reif-Leonhard Christine , Schmidt-Kassow Maren , Hegerl Ulrich , Reich Hanna , Unterecker Stefan , Weber Heike , Deckert Jürgen , Bössel-Debbert Nicole , Grabe Hans J. , Lucht Michael , Frieling Helge 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for antidepressant treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Our repeated studies suggest that DNA methylation of a specific CpG site in the promoter region of exon IV of the BDNF gene (CpG -87) might be predictive of the efficacy of monoaminergic antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and others. This trial aims to evaluate whether knowing the biomarker is non-inferior to treatment-as-usual (TAU) regarding remission rates while exhibiting significantly fewer adverse events (AE).

Methods
The BDNF trial is a prospective, randomized, rater-blinded diagnostic study conducted at five university hospitals in Germany. The study’s main hypothesis is that {1} knowing the methylation status of CpG -87 is non-inferior to not knowing it with respect to the remission rate while it significantly reduces the AE rate in patients experiencing at least one AE. The baseline assessment will occur upon hospitalization and a follow-up assessment on day 49 (± 3). A telephone follow-up will be conducted on day 70 (± 3). A total of 256 patients will be recruited, and methylation will be evaluated in all participants. They will be randomly assigned to either the marker or the TAU group. In the marker group, the methylation results will be shared with both the patient and their treating physician. In the TAU group, neither the patients nor their treating physicians will receive the marker status. The primary endpoints include the rate of patients achieving remission on day 49 (± 3), defined as a score of ≤ 10 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-24), and the occurrence of AE.

Ethics and dissemination
The trial protocol has received approval from the Institutional Review Boards at the five participating universities. This trial holds significance in generating valuable data on a predictive biomarker for antidepressant treatment in patients with MDD. The findings will be shared with study participants, disseminated through professional society meetings, and published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00032503. Registered on 17 August 2023.
Occludin and collagen IV degradation mediated by the T9SS effector SspA contributes to blood–brain barrier damage in ducks during Riemerella anatipestifer infection
Authors: Chen Zongchao , Zhu Min , Liu Dan , Wu Mengsi , Niu Pengfei , Yu Yang , Ding Chan , Yu Shengqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRiemerella anatipestifer infection is characterized by meningitis with neurological symptoms in ducklings and has adversely affected the poultry industry. R. anatipestifer strains can invade the duck brain to cause meningitis and neurological symptoms, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we showed that obvious clinical symptoms, an increase in blood‒brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines occurred after intravenous infection with the Yb2 strain but not the mutant strain Yb2ΔsspA, indicating that Yb2 infection can lead to cerebrovascular dysfunction and that the type IX secretion system (T9SS) effector SspA plays a critical role in this pathological process. In addition, we showed that Yb2 infection led to rapid degradation of occludin (a tight junction protein) and collagen IV (a basement membrane protein), which contributed to endothelial barrier disruption. The interaction between SspA and occludin was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. Furthermore, we found that SspA was the main enzyme mediating occludin and collagen IV degradation. These data indicate that R. anatipestifer SspA mediates occludin and collagen IV degradation, which functions in BBB disruption in R. anatipestifer-infected ducks. These findings establish the molecular mechanisms by which R. anatipestifer targets duckling endothelial cell junctions and provide new perspectives for the treatment and prevention of R. anatipestifer infection.
Emergence and genomic characterization of Proteus mirabilis harboring blaNDM-1 in Korean companion dogs
Authors: Kyung Su Min , Lee Jun Ho , Lee Eun-Seo , Xiang Xi-Rui , Yoo Han Sang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProteus mirabilis is a commensal bacterium dwelling in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of humans and animals. Although New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) producing P. mirabilis is emerging as a threat, its epidemiology in our society remains largely unknown. LHPm1, the first P. mirabilis isolate harboring NDM-1, was detected from a companion dog that resides with a human owner. The whole-genome study revealed 20 different antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes against various classes of antimicrobial agents, which corresponded to the MIC results. Genomic regions, including MDR genes, were identified with multiple variations and visualized in a comparative manner. In the whole-genome epidemiological analysis, multiple phylogroups were identified, revealing the genetic relationship of LHPm1 with other P. mirabilis strains carrying various AMR genes. These genetic findings offer comprehensive insights into NDM-1-producing P. mirabilis, underscoring the need for urgent control measures and surveillance programs using a “one health approach”.
Hesperidin ameliorates H2O2-induced bovine mammary epithelial cell oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Qi , Liu Jiashuo , Peng Can , Han Xuefeng , Tan Zhiliang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been elucidated.

Results
In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in bMECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H2O2-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increasing catalase (CAT) activity, and improving cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, hesperidin activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by inducing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of its downstream genes NQO1 and HO-1, which are antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS scavenging and cellular redox balance. The protective effects of hesperidin were blocked by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, indicating that they were Nrf2 dependent.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that hesperidin could protect bMECs from oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that hesperidin as a natural antioxidant has positive potential as a feed additive or plant drug to promote the health benefits of bovine mammary.

Graphical Abstract
Spatial characteristics of non-communicable diseases and their associations to social conditions in a large urban cohort in Germany—Results from the Hamburg City Health Study
Authors: Andrees Valerie , Bei der Kellen Ramona , Augustin Matthias , Gallinat Jürgen , Harth Volker , Hoven Hanno , Kühn Simone , Lautenbach Anne , Magnussen Christina , Mohr Nicole , Twerenbold Raphael , Schäfer Ines , Waschki Benjamin , Zyriax Birgit-Christiane , Augustin Jobst 
Published: April 2024

Background
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for many deaths. They are associated with several modifiable and metabolic risk factors and are therefore prone to significant regional variations on different scales. However, only few intra-urban studies examined spatial variation in NCDs and its association with social circumstances, especially in Germany. Thus, the present study aimed to identify associations of personal risk factors and local social conditions with NCDs in a large German city.

Methods
This study is based on a population-based cohort of the Hamburg City Health Study including 10,000 probands. Six NCDs were analyzed (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], coronary heart disease [CHD], diabetes mellitus, heart failure, depression, and hypertension) in 68 city district clusters. As risk factors, we considered socio-demographic variables (age, sex, education) and risk behaviour variables (smoking, alcohol consumption). Logistic regression analyses identified associations between the district clusters and the prevalence rates for each NCD. Regional variation was detected by Gini coefficients and spatial cluster analyses. Local social condition indexes were correlated with prevalence rates of NCDs on city district level and hot-spot analyses were performed for significant high or low values.

Results
The analyses included 7,308 participants with a mean age of 63.1 years (51.5% female). The prevalence of hypertension (67.6%) was the highest. Risk factor associations were identified between smoking, alcohol consumption and education and the prevalence of NCDs (hypertension, diabetes, and COPD). Significant regional variations were detected and persisted after adjusting for personal risk factors. Correlations for prevalence rates with the local social conditions were significant for hypertension (r = 0.294, p < 0.02), diabetes (r = 0.259, p = 0.03), and COPD (r = 0.360, p < 0.01).

Conclusions
The study shows that regional differences in NCD prevalence persist even after adjusting for personal risk factors. This highlights the central role of both personal socio-economic status and behaviors such as alcohol and tobacco consumption. It also highlights the importance of other potential regional factors (e.g. the environment) in shaping NCD prevalence. This knowledge helps policy- and decision-makers to develop intervention strategies.
Mit GO:AL in die Alma-Cloud in NRW – ein interner Praxisbericht aus Bibliothekssicht
Authors: Summann Friedrich 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das GO:AL-Projekt zur Einführung des cloudbasierten Bibliothekssystems Alma an den nordrhein-westfälischen Hochschulen hat im Zeitraum von 2019 bis 2023 erfolgreich und ohne zeitliche Verzögerung die Migration von 45 Bibliotheken (42 aus Nordrhein-Westfalen) in das Alma-System durchgeführt und damit die Grundlagen für eine modernisierte Verbundstruktur gelegt. Ablauf, Herausforderungen, Probleme und auch die Ergebnisse dieses umfangreichen Projektes werden aus einer internen Bibliotheksicht zusammen mit den im Projektverlauf gesammelten Erfahrungen umfassend dargestellt.
Synthesis of new analogs of N-substituted(benzoylamino)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines
Authors: Gedeon Shasline , Boyd Laila M. , Avril Marlee , Gangapuram Madhavi , Redda Kinfe K. , Ardley Tiffany W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The tetrahydropyridine (THP) moiety is notably present in synthetic and natural products, playing a cardinal role in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. The THP structure is an instrumental constituent and is widely found in alkaloids that have therapeutic properties against inflammation, cancer, the nervous system, and bacterial infections. The use of THPs has gained traction, so it is imperative to increase the structural database through the synthesis of THP derivatives. The focus of this study is to make structural modifications to the benzene ring portion of the lead compound while keeping the pyridine ring constant. Eleven novel THP analogs were synthesized using a four-step synthetic approach involving partial reduction of N-substituted ylides into 1,2,3,6-THPs. The results illustrate that 11 THPs were successfully synthesized in low to moderate yields. Flash chromatography was utilized for purification. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, deuterium oxide exchange, carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and CHN elemental analysis were utilized to characterize the THP analogs. This study aids in contributing knowledge to the THP database.
Assessing the ecological security of tourism in Northeast China
Authors: Shi Dan , Guan Jingwen , Wan Daiji , Liu Jiping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The ecological security of tourism provides an important guarantee of the sustainable development of regional tourism. In this study, the authors use the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response model to construct a system to assess the ecological security of tourism in three provinces of Northeast China. We analyze the characteristics of the dynamic spatiotemporal evolution of the ecological security of tourism in 34 prefecture-level cities, one prefecture, and one region in three provinces of Northeast China from 2010 to 2019 and identify obstacles to this evolution. The results show the following: (1) The ecological security of tourism in Northeast China fluctuated and grew during the study period. Significant changes were observed in the rankings of the provinces in the ecological security of tourism. The pattern of spatial distribution has gradually shifted, from “high in the west and low in the middle” in 2010 to “slightly high in the middle-east and slightly low in the west” in 2019. (2) The ecological security of tourism exhibited prominent characteristics of spatial agglomeration on the whole, where the degree of agglomeration has gradually decreased over time. Economically developed cities in Central China exhibited strong local autocorrelation, and the majority had the characteristics of spatial agglomeration and dependence. (3) There were significant differences in obstacles to the ecological security of tourism among the cities (prefectures and regions) and provinces. Industrial sulfur dioxide emissions and urban population density are the main obstacles to the ecological security of tourism, while the pressure system has emerged as the main hindrance to improvements in it in the three provinces considered here. These results provide insights into the ecological security of tourism in the three provinces of Northeast China, as well as a theoretical reference for formulating and implementing the relevant measures of risk prevention and control. This study shows that increasing the protection of the tourism ecological environment and the construction of new energy sources, building complete tourism infrastructure, coordinating the relationship between tourists and the natural environment, adopting differentiated tourism development measures, and overcoming the obstacles will help to gradually improve the level of tourism ecological security in three provinces of Northeast China.
Acerola byproducts microencapsulated by spray and freeze-drying: the effect of carrier agent and drying method on the production of bioactive powder
Authors: Gomes Bárbara Teixeira , Araújo Cintia da Silva , Aguiar Lara Louzada , Costa André Gustavo Vasconcelos , de Souza Carneiro Joel Camilo , Silva Pollyanna Ibrahim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bagasse, peels and seeds from fruits are usually discarded as byproducts. However, these byproducts contain high levels of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to microencapsulate bioactive compounds from acerola byproducts by spray drying (SD) and freeze-drying (FD) using maltodextrin (MD), gum arabic (GA), and whey protein isolate (WPI) as carrier agents and then evaluate their stability in a gelatin food-model system. Moisture, solubility, and hygroscopicity of the powders were 5.02–10.05 %, 78.83–92 %, and 7.64–14.76 %, respectively. The best method for obtaining phenolic compounds and flavonoids was SD/GA, which yielded 1855.11 mg GAE/100 g and 289.38 μg/g of quercetin. The best method for obtaining anthocyanins was FD/GA, which yielded 33.85 mg of cy-3-glu/100 g. Powder dried by SD/MD could be used as a natural dye. Our results show that acerola byproducts has potential for reuse, and microencapsulation is a good technique for generating stable extracts.
Exploring learner-related variables in child collaborative writing: interaction mindset, willingness to communicate and proficiency
Authors: Calzada Asier , Azkarai Agurtzane 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Collaborative writing (CW) tasks have been shown to generate interactional moves conducive to L2 learning. However, recent studies have demonstrated that learner-related variables, including interaction mindset (IM), willingness to communicate (WTC), and proficiency may explain the extent to which L2 learners notice errors or interact in these tasks. This study explores the impact of these individual differences on the interactional behaviours of child EFL learners, a population where this topic has been barely investigated. Fifty-seven children (ages 11–12) took part in the study and completed a CW task. Their proficiency was measured through a standardized test, and IM and WTC were measured from a trait-like and situation-specific perspective using a questionnaire and focal interviews. The dependent variable, L1/L2 oral task-based production, was quantified in words and turns. The multiple regression analyses failed to show any significant contribution of IM and WTC to learners’ L1/L2 use, while proficiency significantly impacted their L1 use: more proficiency led to less L1 use. Participants’ responses from the post-task interview highlighted the situational nature of IM and WTC. These findings shed light on the effects of child individual variables on CW tasks and suggest that future studies can test whether amount of learner talk in L1/L2 as mediated by proficiency determines ultimate learning.
Electrochemically prepared ultrathin two-dimensional graphitic nanosheets as cathodes for advanced Zn-based energy storage devices
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Yahya , Ahmad Tauqeer , Usman Muhammad , Fatima Areena , Zhang Wenshuo , Gong Zilin , Al-Kahtani Abdullah A. , Tighezza Ammar M. , Akkinepally Bhargav , Ahn Dahoon , Choi Dongwhi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Zinc-ion supercapacitors (ZISCs) exhibit great potential to store energy owing to the benefits of high power density and environmentally friendly features. However, solving the drawbacks of low specific energy and poor cyclic performance at high current rates is necessary. Thus, developing better cathode materials is a practical and efficient way to overcome these limitations. This work presents an encouraging design of two-dimensional (2D) graphite ultrathin nanosheets (GUNSs) as a cathode material for ZISCs. The experimental results show that the GUNSs-based cathode material exhibits a wide surface area and rapid charge transformation features. The 2D GUNS as a cathode was tested in three-electrode systems, and it provided an exceptionally high capacitance of 641 F/g at 1 A/g in an aqueous ZnSO4 electrolyte, better than GUNS-N2 (462 F/g at 1 A/g) and pristine graphite (225.8 F/g at 1 A/g). The 2D GUNS has a rate performance of 43.8% at a current density of 20 A/g, better than GUNS-N2 (35.6%) and pristine graphite (8.4%) at the same conditions. Furthermore, a ZISC device was fabricated using GUNSs as cathode and Zn-foil as anode with 1 M ZnSO4 electrolyte (denoted as GUNSs//Zn). The as-fabricated GUNSs//Zn device exhibits an excellent capacitance of 182.5 F/g at 1 A/g with good capacitance retention of 97.2%, which is better than pristine graphite (94.6%), and nitrogen-doped GUNS (GUNS-N2) cathode (95.7%). In addition, the GUNSs//Zn device demonstrated an ultrahigh cyclic life of 10,000 cycles, and 96.76% of capacitance was maintained. Furthermore, the GUNSs//Zn device delivers a specific energy of 64.88 W h/kg at an ultrahigh specific power of 802.67 W/kg and can run a light-emitting diode for practical applications.