bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth analysis of chickpea cv. Bari chhola-6 as affected by foliar spray of growth regulators
Authors: Karim Md Fazlul , Fattah Quazi Abdul 
Published: October 2008

Leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and above ground dry matter accumulation (AGDM) of a cultivar of chickpea (Cicer arietenum) were studied with the application of potassium naphthenate (KNap) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) as foliar spray in 2001-2002. The growth regulators had greater influence on plants which showed comparable values of LAI, LAD, CGR, NAR and TDM over control plants. Out of the growth regulator treatment, 1500 ppm KNap produced 26.7 to 37.5% more TDM at different stages of growth than those of control, and it was superior to other treatments with NAA. Other growth parameters also increased following 1500 ppm KNap treatment. LAI, CGR, NAR and AGDM had a significant linear relationship with seed yield. The combination treatments of KNap and NAA concentrations did not show any cumulative influence on any of the parameters. Â Key words: Growth analysis, Chickpea, Foliar spray, Growth regulators DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1497 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 105-110, 2007 (December)
Survival of <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> (Sacc.) Shoemaker in soil and residue of wheat
Authors: Malaker PK , Mian LH , Khandaker MD Maniruzzaman , Reza MMA 
Published: October 2008

Off-season survival of Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker in sterilized and unsterilized soils, and in residues of wheat spread on soil surface were determined. Population of viable propagules of the fungus per gram of soil or residue was determined at monthly interval using dilution plate technique. It was found that the population of B. sorokiniana increased initially for two months in both soils and residues and declined thereafter. The decline was very sharp up to four months of survival and then onwards a gradual decline was observed. In case of free residue, a gradual decline in population was observed from the beginning of the pathogen survival. The pathogen could be recovered up to eight and ten months from the unsterilized and sterilized soil, respectively. It was not possible to recover the pathogen from the residues in unsterilized and sterilized soil after seven and eight months. The pathogen could survive for 12 months in free residue stored at room temperature. Â Â Key words: Bipolaris sorokiniana, Survival, Soil, Residue, Wheat DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1501 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 133-137, 2007 (December)
Rediscovery of <i>Scorzonera amasiana</i> Hausskn. and Bornm. - A threatened endemic species in Turkey
Authors: Karaer Fergan , Celep Ferhat 
Published: October 2008

Scorzonera amasiana Hausskn. and Bornm. was described from type specimens collected by J.F.N. Bornmueller in 1889 but it was not collected again until 1993, when it was found near Amasya, Turkey. Populations of S. amasiana were quite small at that limited locations and were vulnerable to human impacts. Therefore, suitable conservation strategies should be developed immediately in order to protect the species from probable extinction. Here, an additional three small populations are reported. Brief history, morphology, habitat and ecology of this endemic species have been discussed. Its current conservation status was reevaluated with respect to the latest IUCN criteria. A key to distinguish it from the other closely related Turkish species is also provided and its distribution map is appended. Â Key words: Endangered, Rediscovery, Scorzonera, Turkey DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1502 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 139-144, 2007 (December)
Some aspects of mechanisms of NaCl stress tolerance in the seedlings of four rice genotypes
Authors: Alamgir ANM , Musa Mohammad , Ali Mohammad Yousuf 
Published: October 2008

Biomass production under salt stress decreased with the sequence: IRATOM-24 > BR 9 > Nonabokra > Pokkali. In Pokkali root-shoot dry wt. was less affected and it maintained high root to shoot ratio (R/S) and their tolerance indices (TI). Salinity stress increased Na+, Cl- and decreased K+ and Ca+ contents and consequently their ratios in both root and shoot of the seedlings. Under stress proline level was increased in both root and shoot of the seedlings in all genotypes, the highest was observed in the root of Pokkali and in the shoot of IRATOM-24. Excepting BR 9 salinity increased protein content in other genotypes and among them Nonabokra maintained the highest protein level. Salinity inhibited the root ATPase activity in all except Pokkali. Efficiency of the maintenance of relatively high dry matter, R/S ratio, essential ions, K+ - Ca2+/ Na+ ion ratios, proline and protein contents in the seedlings including the root ATPase activity may be imp ortant aspects of NaCl stress tolerance mechanism as found in one or another rice genotype of the present work. Â Key words: Salinity, Stress tolerance, Proline, Protein, ATPase activity DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1510 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 181-184, 2007 (December)
Determination of pollen viability and <i>in vitro</i> pollen germination of <i>Rosa dumalis</i> and <i>Rosa villosa</i>
Authors: Ercisli Sezai 
Published: October 2008

Pollen quantity, viability and germination of four genotypes of Rosa dumalis and R. villosa were investigated. The number of anthers per flower were 90.3 in genotype 4 (Rosa villosa) and 116.4 in genotype 1 (Rosa dumalis). Genotype 1 showed the highest pollen viability on the basis of both TTC and IKI tests. Â Key words: Dogrose, Pollen germination, Pollen viability, Rosa spp. DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1511 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 185-187, 2007 (December)
Relative importance of gene effects in bitter gourd (<i>Momordica charantia</i> L.)
Authors: Shafiullah M , Sikdar B 
Published: October 2008

Full diallel set was made in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) involving six genetically divergent parents, namely BGGB1, BGGB4, BGGB6, BGGB12, BGGB13 and BGGB14 and their inheritance pattern of yield and yield contributing traits were studied. Â Key words: Diallel cross, Gene effect, Bitter gourd DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1512 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 189-191, 2007 (December)
Chemical composition of leaf essential oil of <i>Lantana camara</i> L. from Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Jasim Uddin , Nandi Nemai Chandra , Bhuiyan Md Nazrul Islam 
Published: October 2008

Essential oil of fresh matured leaves of Lantana camara L. growing in Bangladesh were analyzed by GC-MS technique. Sixty two compounds were identified in the oil. The major constituents identified include caryophyllene (13.57%), α-caryophyllene (11.76%), germacrene D (10.88%), isocaryo-phyllene (9.59%), Î³- muurolene (6.85%) and Î³-elemene (5.65%). Â Key words: Lantana camara, Essential oil, Caryophyllene DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1513 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 193-194, 2007 (December)
Recent Activities in the Field of Thermal Barrier Coatings Including Burner Rig Testing in the European Union
Authors: Vaßen R. , Cernuschi F. , Rizzi G. , Scrivani A. , Markocsan N. , Östergren L. , Kloosterman A. , Mevrel R. , Feist J. , Nicholls J. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAlthough thermal barrier coatings are used in industry for several decades there is still considerable demand for a further improvement of this coating system. Present research projects are for example dealing with the improvement of temperature capability and lifetime, developing of lifetime models, new processing technologies, or incorporating of additional functional properties in the coating. The present paper tries to give an overview on these recent research activities. In addition, it will also try to describe the different burner rig test facilities in Europe, which serve as an important test bed of thermal barrier coating systems.
Functional Fatigue of Shape Memory Polymers
Authors: Schmidt C. , Neuking K. , Eggeler G. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn the present study the functional fatigue in the commercial SMP Veriflex® which is associated with repeating up to 20 programming/1‐WE cycles has been examined. The material is characterized by a glass temperature Tg of 67 °C, above which it looses all its strength. During tensile testing at 21 °C (T < Tg), stresses steadily increase to 26 MPa as strains approach the rupture strain of 7.6 %. At 80 °C (T > Tg) the material can be strained up to 225 % before rupture occurs while stresses slowly increase to values as low as 0.4 MPa. Thermomechanical cycles including programming, cooling and unloading and heating to trigger the one way effect result in an increase of irreversible strain associated with a corresponding decrease of recovery ratio at the beginning of thermomechanical cycling. In parallel a wavy surface structure evolves during cycling.
Clinical and molecular cytogenetic characterization of four patients with unbalanced translocation der(1)t(1;22)(p36;q13)
Authors: Gajecka Marzena , Saadeh Reem , Mackay Katherine L. , Glotzbach Caron D. , Spodar Krystyna , Chitayat David , Shaffer Lisa G. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDeletion of chromosome 1p36 is the most commonly observed terminal deletion in humans with a frequency of 1 in 5,000 in the general population. In contrast, 22q13 duplications are rare and only a few cases have been reported. Unbalanced translocations resulting in monosomy 1p36 and a trisomy of 22q13.3 are, thus far, unreported in the literature. Here we present the clinical data and the results of array CGH and FISH analysis of four patients with unbalanced translocations t(1;22)(p36;q13) inherited from unrelated balanced translocation carrier parents. The sizes of the imbalances ranged from 0.12 Mb to nearly 10 Mb. One balanced translocation carrier parent had disruption of the period homolog 3 (PER3) gene and reported sleep disturbances. Overall, patients tended to have more features consistent with deletion of 1p36 than duplication of 22q. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of mapping resolution on assessments of stream and streamside conditions: lessons from coastal Oregon, USA
Authors: Vance‐Borland Ken , Burnett Kelly , Clarke Sharon 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDigital hydrographic data are commonly employed in research, planning, and monitoring for freshwater conservation, but hydrographic datasets differ in spatial resolution and accuracy of spatial representation, possibly leading to inaccurate conclusions or unsuitable policies for streams and streamside areas.To examine and illustrate the potential for different hydrographic datasets to influence in‐channel and streamside characterizations, a study area in the US Pacific Northwest was chosen because 1:100 000, 1:24 000, and densified 1:24 000 hydrography are available and widely used in research and management for several species of Pacific salmon and trout at risk. The potential was examined for differences among the digital hydrographic datasets in: (1) spatial extent to influence estimated abundances of fish habitat, streamside buffer conditions, and fish distributions; and (2) spatial position to influence estimated streamside buffer conditions and estimated stream gradient.The analysis of spatial extent found the total stream length represented by the 1:100 000 hydrography was approximately one half that of 1:24 000 hydrography and only one fifth that of densified 1:24 000 hydrography. The 1:100 000 and 1:24 000 networks differed significantly for 13 out of 18 fish habitat attributes, and the three hydrographic datasets differed significantly for many characteristics in streamside buffers; fish distributions mapped at 1:24 000 added 6–14% of stream length to 1:100 000 distributions. The analysis of spatial position found few differences between the 1:100 000 and 1:24 000 hydrography in streamside buffer characteristics but significant differences in channel gradient.Overall, hydrographic datasets differed only slightly in spatial position but differed in spatial extent to the point of representing different populations of streams. If species inhabiting larger streams (greater mean annual discharge) are of interest, then results derived from studies based on 1:100 000 hydrography should prove useful. However, higher‐resolution hydrography can be critical when designing and implementing strategies to protect fish and other aquatic species at risk in smaller streams.Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors influencing densities of non‐indigenous species in the ballast water of ships arriving at ports in Puget Sound, Washington, United States
Authors: Cordell Jeffery R. , Lawrence David J. , Ferm Nissa C. , Tear Lucinda M. , Smith Scott S. , Herwig Russell P. 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Oceanographic characteristics and the presence of international shipping in Puget Sound, Washington, USA contribute to its vulnerability to non‐indigenous species (NIS) invasions. To evaluate NIS arriving in ballast water, zooplankton was sampled in 380 ballast tanks of ships after they entered Puget Sound.
Taxa were classified into a higher risk group of coastal organisms (including known NIS), and a lower risk group of largely oceanic species. Most ships reported conducting mid‐ocean ballast water exchange (BWE). However, despite state regulations requiring BWE, and apparent compliance by ship operators, most sampled tanks from both transpacific and coastal routes had coastal zooplankton densities exceeding internationally proposed discharge standards.
BWE efficiency models and controlled before‐and‐after BWE experiments indicate that BWE consistently removes most coastal zooplankton. However, this study found that although the empty–refill method of BWE significantly reduced coastal plankton compared with un‐exchanged tanks, the flow‐through method did not, and in either case remaining coastal plankton densities presented appreciable risks of introducing NIS.
Densities of high risk taxa were consistently and significantly higher from US domestic trips dominated by tank ships carrying ballast water from California, and lower in samples from trans‐Pacific trips dominated by container ships and bulk carriers with ballast from Asia. These findings are probably a result of the dense and diverse NIS assemblages present in California and other US west coast estuaries and the comparatively short transit times between them and Puget Sound.
While it appears that BWE can effectively replace NIS with less risky ocean species, new reporting, verification, and operational procedures may be necessary to enhance BWE efficacy. In the long‐term, the introduction of ballast water treatment technologies may be required to significantly reduce the discharge of risky organisms from commercial ships if BWE practices do not become more effective.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The identification, characterization and conservation value of isoetid lakes in Ireland
Authors: Free Gary , Bowman Jim , McGarrigle Martin , Caroni Rossana , Donnelly Karol , Tierney Deirdre , Trodd Wayne , Little Ruth 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSoft‐water, oligotrophic isoetid lakes are vulnerable to eutrophication, acidification and alkalinization. As a result of these pressures a large proportion have undergone substantial deterioration in several European countries. The understanding of these systems has been limited by either a lack of lakes close to natural conditions or through receiving less focus in broader scale macrophyte surveys. This has resulted in a dearth of information on specific lake types in their natural condition. Sixty‐eight soft‐water lakes in Ireland were studied in order to achieve a better understanding of the biological and environmental conditions defining such lakes.Eight groups of lakes were identified using cluster analysis and indicator species analysis. Three groups were representative of isoetid‐rich lakes displaying a high frequency of occurrence ofIsoetes lacustris,Lobelia dortmannaorEriocaulon aquaticumtogether with the almost ubiquitousLittorella uniflora. Canonical variates analysis indicated that alkalinity, total phosphorus (TP), catchment area, altitude, moors and heathlands, mean transect depth, colour and lake area were significant variables discriminating among the eight groups. Soft‐water lakes with high amounts of isoetids tended to be less exposed, have broad shallow littoral zones with a high transparency and be situated in smaller catchments. Total phosphorus and alkalinity were typically low, although one group of isoetid‐rich lakes had higher mean TP and alkalinity values. This group may contain lakes under threat from nutrient enrichment and alkalinization and also lakes that have higher TP and alkalinity naturally.Lakes with a prevalence of isoetids supported a greater diversity of macrophytes and chironomids indicating that such lakes may represent suitable conservation targets as they act as surrogates for soft‐water lakes of high biodiversity. Other factors favouring a focus on isoetids in conservation strategies are their importance as a functional component in soft‐water lakes and their sensitivity to lake and catchment environmental change.Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diversity, conservation status and threats to native oysters (Ostreidae) around the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts of South America
Authors: Carranza Alvar , Defeo Omar , Beck Mike 
Published: October 2008

Abstract
Despite the extensive literature on the ecology, systematics and culture of oysters worldwide, an assessment of their diversity, distribution and conservation status for the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts (i.e. depth <50 m) of South America is lacking. Such information is crucial because of the increasing coastal development that threatens most nearshore habitats throughout the region.
The available information on oysters on Atlantic and Caribbean coasts is reviewed with a focus on identifying regional conservation priorities based on ecological and socio‐economic importance, as well as the magnitude of current or potential threats faced by oyster populations. The current status of α‐ taxonomy within the Ostreidae was also examined.
Ten species of native Ostreidae (plus three introduced species) inhabit the coastal waters of the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts of South America.
Oyster species were ranked according to their biological/ecological and socio‐economic value and conservation status within 10 distinct ecoregions. Crassostrea gasar in the Eastern Brazil ecoregion, C. rhizophorae in the Central Caribbean ecoregion and Ostrea puelchana in the North Patagonian Gulfs ecoregion should receive the highest priority for immediate conservation action due to extensive loss of mangrove habitat in the two former regions and evidence of decline of one of the most important populations for the latter. The need for a standardized methodology to assess the status of oyster populations throughout the ecoregions is identified.
On a local scale, the allocation of territorial use rights for fisheries under a collaborative/voluntary community framework is strongly advocated to fulfil management, conservation and poverty alleviation goals in these developing countries.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Homophily in MySpace
Authors: Thelwall Mike 
Published: October 2008

AbstractSocial network sites like MySpace are increasingly important environments for expressing and maintaining interpersonal connections, but does online communication exacerbate or ameliorate the known tendency for offline friendships to form between similar people (homophily)? This article reports an exploratory study of the similarity between the reported attributes of pairs of active MySpace Friends based upon a systematic sample of 2,567 members joining on June 18, 2007 and Friends who commented on their profile. The results showed no evidence of gender homophily but significant evidence of homophily for ethnicity, religion, age, country, marital status, attitude towards children, sexual orientation, and reason for joining MySpace. There were also some imbalances: women and the young were disproportionately commenters, and commenters tended to have more Friends than commentees. Overall, it seems that although traditional sources of homophily are thriving in MySpace networks of active public connections, gender homophily has completely disappeared. Finally, the method used has wide potential for investigating and partially tracking homophily in society, providing early warning of socially divisive trends.
Advances and Prospects of Gold Nanorods
Authors: Yang Da‐Peng , Cui Da‐Xiang 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWith the development of nanotechnology, many novel nanomaterials with unique properties such as magnetic, electronics, and photonics are increasingly being exploited. Gold nanorods, which are rod‐shaped nanomaterials, show powerful potential in biological/biomedical fields, especially photothermal therapy, biosensing, imaging, and gene delivery for the treatment of cancer. Many scientific groups have shown strong interests in gold nanorods and have attempted to push them towards possible clinical applications. However, owing to the quantum‐size effects of nanomaterials, people have also raised some concerns about the potential toxicity hazards. Therefore, it is becoming urgent to study and exploit the biological effects of gold nanorods for benefit in the near future.
Solid‐State Structures and Solution Analyses of a Phenylpropylpyridine N‐Oxide and an N‐Methyl Phenylpropylpyridine
Authors: Richter Isabella , Warren Mark R. , Minari Jusaku , Elfeky Souad A. , Chen Wenbo , Mahon Mary F. , Raithby Paul R. , James Tony D. , Sakurai Kazuo , Teat Simon J. , Bull Steven D. , Fossey John S. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe crystal structures of phenylpropylpyridine‐N‐oxide and N‐methyl‐phenylpropylpyridinium iodide are compared, revealing that hydrogen bonding with the solvent molecule plays an important role in the N‐oxide compound, whilst electrostatic interactions are predominant in controlling the solid‐state orientation of the N‐methylated compound. Fluorescence spectroscopy and NOESY indicate that in contrast to the previously reported pyridinium iodide, the N‐oxide is not subject to intramolecular π‐stacking, as judged by excimer emission and a lack of corresponding cross peaks, respectively.
Flankenübertragung bei Massivholzkonstruktionen – Teil 2: Einfluss von Befestigungsmitteln auf die Verbesserung durch den Einbau elastischer Zwischenschichten
Authors: Dolezal Franz , Bednar Thomas , Teibinger Martin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDieses Thema wird in zwei Aufsätzen zur Flankenübertragung abgehandelt. In Teil 1 wurde die Verbesserung der Flankendämmung durch den Einbau elastischer Zwischenschichten untersucht und die Anwendbarkeit der EN 12354 verifiziert. Während elastische Zwischenschichten, wie in Teil 1 erläutert, zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung der Flankendämmung führen, wird diese jedoch durch die Anordnung von statisch erforderlichen Befestigungsmitteln massiv beeinträchtigt. Mittels Schall‐ und Schwingungsmessungen wird deren Einfluss quantifiziert und der jeweiligen Befestigungsmaßnahme zugeordnet. Schalltechnisch optimierte Befestigungsmittel werden präsentiert und deren akusti‐sches Verbesserungspotential ausgelotet.