bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Return predictability via an long short‐term memory‐based cross‐section factor model: Evidence from Chinese stock market
Authors: Yao Haixiang , Xia Shenghao , Liu Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a cross‐section long short‐term memory (CS‐LSTM) factor model to explore the possibility of estimating expected returns in the Chinese stock market. In contrast to previous machine‐learning‐based asset pricing models that make predictions directly on equity returns, CS‐LSTM estimates are based on predictions of slope terms from Fama–MacBeth cross‐section regressions using 16 stock characteristics as factor loadings. In line with previous studies in the context of the Chinese market, we find illiquidity and short‐term momentum to be the most important factors in describing asset returns. By using 274 value‐weighted portfolios as test assets, we systematically compare the performances of CS‐LSTM and three other candidate models. Our CS‐LSTM model consistently delivers better performance than the candidate models and beats the market at all different levels of transaction costs. In addition, we observe that assets with smaller cap are favored by the model. By repeating the empirical analysis based on the top 70% of stocks, our CS‐LSTM model remains robust and consistently provides significant market‐beating performance. Our findings from the CS‐LSTM model have practical implications for the future development of the Chinese stock market and other emerging markets.
Effect of the combined intervention of low‐FODMAPs diet and probiotics on IBS symptoms in Western China: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Yingying , Jin Di , He Tian , Liao Xinyi , Shao Limei , Shi Lei , Liu Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effect of low‐FODMAPs diet on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Western China has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the effect of low‐FODMAPs diet on IBS patients in the area and whether low‐FODMAPs diet‐induced alterations of microbiota could be improved through probiotics. IBS patients were randomized to the control group, low‐FODMAPs diet group, probiotics group, or combined group. IBS Symptom Severity Score questionnaire (IBS‐SSS) and IBS Quality of Life Score questionnaire (IBS‐QOL) were completed at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks to evaluate the severity of symptoms. Fresh feces were collected for analyses of gut microbiota and short‐chain fatty acids at baseline and 4 weeks after intervention. Seventy‐three patients were included in the per protocol analysis. After intervention, there was significant improvement in IBS‐SSS in the low‐FODMAPs group (37.5%, 44.2%), probiotics group (51.4%, 62.0%), and combined group (34.1%, 40.4%) at both 2 weeks and 4 weeks, compared with the baseline (p < .05). In the low‐FODMAPs group, the abundance of several microbiota (Lachnoclostridium, Enterococcus, etc.) was significantly decreased. Furthermore, after the supplementation of probiotics in the combined group, the abundance of Genus_Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, Acidaminococcus, Ruminiclostridium, Akkermansia, Eggerthella, and Oxalobacter was significantly increased, which was associated with the improvements of symptoms score in the Pearson correlation analysis. Our study confirmed the effectiveness and safety of short‐term low‐FODMAPs diet in IBS symptoms based on the Chinese diet in Western China. The combination of low‐FODMAPs and probiotics plays a beneficial role in gut microbiota in IBS.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium and risk factors among pregnant women in Brazil: Results from the national molecular diagnosis implementation project
Authors: Miranda Angélica Espinosa , Gaspar Pâmela Cristina , Schörner Marcos André , Barazzetti Fernando Hartmann , Dias Guilherme Borges , Bigolin Alisson , Pascom Ana Roberta Pati , Barreira Dráurio , Bazzo Maria Luiza ,   Brazilian Surveillance for STIs in Pregnant Women Group
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health problem. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with at least one STI (Chlamydia trachomatis [CT], Neisseria gonorrhoeae [NG], Trichomonas vaginalis [TV], and Mycoplasma genitalium [MG]) in Brazil.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the pilot implementation of the National Service for molecular diagnosis of CT, NG, TV, and MG in pregnancy. We obtained Ministry of Health surveillance data from the implementation project. Data encompassing pregnant women aged 15–49 years from public antenatal clinics in Brazil in 2022 were included.ResultsA total of 2728 data of pregnant women were analyzed. The prevalence of at least one infection was 21.0% (573), with the highest prevalence in the Southeast region (23.3%) and the lowest in the Center‐West region (15.4%). The prevalence of CT was 9.9% (270), NG 0.6% (16), TV 6.7% (184), and MG 7.8% (212). Factors associated with any infection were from 15 to 24 years (AOR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.58–2.35); reported family income up to US$400 (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.03–3.34); declared not living maritally with their partners (AOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.52–2.37) and had more than one sexual partner in their lifetime (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.55–2.86).ConclusionThis study showed a high prevalence of at least one STI among pregnant women in Brazil, particularly among younger women. It also provides up‐to‐date national data on CT, NG, TV, and MG infections in this population. These findings underscore the importance of enhancing access to STI screening for young pregnant women within the Brazilian public health system.
Comparison of two cancellation strategies to lower the risk of multiple pregnancies in gonadotropin stimulated intrauterine insemination cycles
Authors: Berdin Aurélie , Bellaïche Kevin , El Hachem Hady , Vielle Bruno , Legendre Guillaume , Descamps Philippe , May‐Panloup Pascale , Prevost Sarah , Bouet Pierre‐Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare two cancellation policies in controlled ovarian stimulation‐intrauterine insemination (COS‐IUI) cycles to lower the risk of multiple pregnancies (MP).DesignWe performed a bicentric retrospective cohort study in two academic medical centers: Angers (group A) and Besançon (group B) University Hospitals. We included 7056 COS‐IUI cycles between 2011 and 2019. In group A, cancellation strategy was based on an algorithm taking into account the woman's age, the serum estradiol level, and the number of follicles of 14 mm or greater on ovulation trigger day. In group B, cancellation strategy was case‐by‐case and physician‐dependent, based on the woman's age, number of follicles of 15 mm or greater, and the previous number of failed COS‐IUI cycles, without any predefined cut‐off. Our main outcome measures were the MP rate (MPR) and the live‐birth rate (LBR).ResultsWe included 884 clinical pregnancies (790 singletons, 86 twins, and 8 triplets) obtained from 6582 COS‐IUI cycles. MPR was significantly lower in group A compared with group B (8.1% vs 13.3%, P = 0.01), but LBR were comparable (10.8% vs 11.8%, P = 0.19). Multivariate logistic regression found the following to be risk factors for MP: the “cancellation strategy” effect (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–2.60) and the number of follicles of 14 mm or greater (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16–1.66). Cycle cancellation rate for excessive response was significantly lower in group A compared with group B (1.3% vs 2.4%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe use of an algorithm based on the woman's age, serum estradiol level and number of follicles of at least 14 mm on trigger day allows the MPR to be reduced without impacting the LBR.
The association between interpregnancy interval and gestational diabetes mellitus: A nationwide register‐based study in Finland
Authors: Vaajala Matias , Liukkonen Rasmus , Tarkiainen Jeremias , Mattila Ville M. , Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivePrevious results on the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been contradictory. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the association between IPI and GDM using high‐quality nationwide register data.MethodsAll women with first and second pregnancies during our study period from the National Medical Birth Register during 2004–2018 were considered. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between the length of the IPI and development of the GDM in the second pregnancy. Women were divided into three groups based on the length of the IPI: short IPI (0–11 months), normal IPI (12–47 months), and long IPI (48+ months). Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% CI were compared between the groups.ResultsA total of 47 078 women were included in the study. We found no evidence of difference when women with short IPI were compared with women with normal IPI (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93–1.05). Women with long IPI had increased odds for the development of GDM when compared with women with normal IPI (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.19–1.38). In the logistic regression model for continuous IPI, the total odds for the development of GDM increased as the IPI increased (aOR 1.05 per year, 95% CI 1.03–1.06).ConclusionThe odds for the development of GDM increased as the IPI increased. This study's results serve as a clarion call for proactive measures in GDM prevention. Moreover, they advocate for intensified investigation into the underlying factors contributing to GDM among women with extended IPI. It is imperative that these insights inform both clinical practice and further research agendas, as we strive to safeguard maternal health and well‐being.
The Brief Evaluation of Adolescents and Children Online (BEACON): Psychometric development of a mental health screening measure for school students
Authors: Rapee Ronald M. , Kuhnert Rebecca , Spence Susan H. , Bowsher Ian , Burns John , Coen Jennifer , Dixon Julie , Kotselas Pauline , Lourey Catherine , McLellan Lauren F. , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Peters Lorna , Prendergast Traci , Roos Tiffany , Thomas Danielle , Wuthrich Viviana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper describes the development and psychometric evaluation of a brief self‐report measure (BEACON) to inform universal mental health screening in schools. Items assess symptoms and impairment associated with anxiety and attention/hyperactivity problems (grades 4–11) as well as depression and eating difficulties (grades 6–11), with optional items for suicidality and self‐harm (grades 7–11). Initial item examination based on Item Response Theory (IRT) and classical test theory involved 3844 students in grades 4 through 11 (Study 1) and identified 18 items for grades 4–5 and 31 items for grades 6–11 that fulfilled pre‐set criteria. Study 2 extended testing with 10,479 students in grades 4–11 and added an additional four items assessing impairment associated with eating difficulties for older students (grades 6–11) creating a total of 35 items for grades 6–11. All items, for both grade‐level versions, met the pre‐set criteria for IRT and classical test theory analysis supporting their strength in the measurement of the dimensions of concern. The measure showed good reliability (subscale alphas .87 to .95). Validity was also demonstrated against standard symptom measures, school grades, school absenteeism, and help‐seeking. The BEACON appears to be a psychometrically sound measure to use in the first stage of school‐based screening for mental health problems.
Human antigen R: Exploring its inflammatory response impact and significance in cardiometabolic disorders
Authors: Abdelsam Shahenda Salah , Ghanem Sarah Khalaf , Zahid Muhammad Ammar , Abunada Hanan H. , Bader Loulia , Raïq Hicham , Khan Abbas , Parray Aijaz , Djouhri Laiche , Agouni Abdelali 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) play a crucial role in the regulation of posttranscriptional RNA networks, which can undergo dysregulation in many pathological conditions. Human antigen R (HuR) is a highly researched RBP that plays a crucial role as a posttranscriptional regulator. HuR plays a crucial role in the amplification of inflammatory signals by stabilizing the messenger RNA of diverse inflammatory mediators and key molecular players. The noteworthy correlations between HuR and its target molecules, coupled with the remarkable impacts reported on the pathogenesis and advancement of multiple diseases, position HuR as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in diverse inflammatory conditions. This review article examines the significance of HuR as a member of the RBP family, its regulatory mechanisms, and its implications in the pathophysiology of inflammation and cardiometabolic illnesses. Our objective is to illuminate potential directions for future research and drug development by conducting a comprehensive analysis of the existing body of research on HuR.
Application of Model‐Informed Drug Development in Dose Selection and Optimization for siRNA Therapies
Authors: Yuan Ye , Li Liang , Earp Justin , Ma Lian , Bhattaram Venkatesh Atul , Sharma Vishnu , Tong Alexander , Wang Yaning , Liu Jiang , Zhu Hao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe application of model‐informed drug development (MIDD) has revolutionized drug development and regulatory decision making, transforming the process into one that is more efficient, effective, and patient centered. A critical application of MIDD is to facilitate dose selection and optimization, which play a pivotal role in improving efficacy, safety, and tolerability profiles of a candidate drug. With the surge of interest in small interfering RNA (siRNA) drugs as a promising class of therapeutics, their applications in various disease areas have been extensively studied preclinically. However, dosing selection and optimization experience for siRNA in humans is limited. Unique challenges exist for the dose evaluation of siRNA due to the temporal discordance between pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, as well as limited available clinical experience and considerable interindividual variability. This review highlights the pivotal role of MIDD in facilitating dose selection and optimization for siRNA therapeutics. Based on past experiences with approved siRNA products, MIDD has demonstrated its ability to aid in dose selection for clinical trials and enabling optimal dosing for the general patient population. In addition, MIDD presents an opportunity for dose individualization based on patient characteristics, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of siRNA therapeutics. In conclusion, the integration of MIDD offers substantial advantages in navigating the complex challenges of dose selection and optimization in siRNA drug development, which in turn accelerates the development process, supports regulatory decision making, and ultimately improves the clinical outcomes of siRNA‐based therapies, fostering advancements in precision medicine across a diverse range of diseases.
Termination counseling among US perinatal genetic counselors in the setting of second trimester fetal anomalies
Authors: Rankin Holly A. , Voegtline Kristin , Olson Sarah , Sufrin Carolyn 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMany pregnant people learn of fetal anomalies in the second trimester and subsequently present to prenatal genetic counselors (PGCs) for counseling, including but not limited to a nuanced discussion about whether to continue or terminate pregnancy. In those who choose to terminate, the decision between dilation and evacuation (D&E) or induction is often one of patient preference and as such, is heavily influenced by the quality of counseling received. PGCs are expertly trained to provide values‐based counseling, yet little is known about their termination counseling practices, referral practice patterns, and perceived responsibilities in caring for this group of pregnant people. To gain this knowledge, we surveyed a national sample of PGCs in early 2022 and received 70 completed responses. The survey contained open‐ and closed‐ended questions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and free response data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Eighty percent (n = 56) of respondents reported that <50% of their patients had previously received termination options counseling. Most strikingly, 15% of respondents provided termination counseling that was beyond their self‐identified comfort level. Scenario‐based questions assessed respondents' counseling practice patterns in seven real‐world situations, presented in order of decreasing severity for the fetus. Respondents were 50% less likely to provide termination options counseling to patients between the most lethal to the least lethal proposed fetal anomaly. The scenario‐based analysis revealed two distinct termination counseling approaches: (1) all options counseling with an explicit discussion of options to continue or terminate and (2) discretionary options counseling focused on identifying patient preferences to guide counseling and not explicitly stating all available options. This study highlights the need to ensure PGCs feel well‐trained to discuss the general features of second trimester pregnancy termination and, if unable to do so, to practice in systems with timely referral to providers well‐versed in the counseling about all methods of termination.
Descriptive epidemiology of prevalence of exercise habits among participants with hypertension: The National Health and Nutrition Survey 2013–2018
Authors: Fukushima Noritoshi , Amagasa Shiho , Kikuchi Hiroyuki , Sawada Susumu S. , Machida Masaki , Inoue Shigeru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe current Japanese hypertension management guidelines (2019) recommend regular exercise for all patients with hypertension. However, limited evidence is available regarding the prevalence of exercise habits in these patients. Therefore, we examined the proportion of participants who met the recommendations on exercise in the Japanese hypertension management guidelines (2019) using a nationally representative sample.MethodsParticipants aged ≥20 years from the Japanese National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2013 to 2018 were included. Participants with hypertension were defined as those with blood pressure level ≥140/90 mmHg or those who used antihypertensive drugs. Adherence to the guideline recommendations, stratified by gender, age category, blood pressure level, and medication status, was examined.ResultsThis study included 13,414 participants with hypertension (age 68.2 ± 11.7 years, 48.1% men). Among them, 31.8% of participants with hypertension (36.8% of men and 27.3% of women) met the guidelines. Regarding age, the 20–64 years age group had the lowest proportion of patients who met the guidelines (22.4%), followed by those in the 65–74 (37.7%) and ≥75 years age groups (34.5%). Adherence to the guidelines did not significantly differ according to blood pressure levels (<120/<80, 120–129/<80, 130–139/80–89, 140–159/90–99, and 160–179/100–109 mmHg) and presence of antihypertensive medications.ConclusionOne‐third of participants with hypertension engaged in exercise as recommended by the current hypertension management guidelines. Promotion of exercise therapy and monitoring exercise habits among participants with hypertension is warranted.
The Crocodylian proatlas functions to redistribute venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Swords Annelise , Cramberg Michael , Parker Seth , Scott Anchal , Sopko Stephanie , Taylor Ethan , Young Bruce A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe proatlas, a bone located between the skull and the neural spines of the cervical vertebrae, is best known from reptiles. Most previous studies of the proatlas have centered on its developmental, debating the relationship between the proatlas and the cervical neural arches. The present study was intended as a description of the proatlas in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and an experimental test of its hypothesized role in venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) distribution. In Alligator, the proatlas is chevron‐shaped; ventrally it has a loose connection to the dorsal surface of the first cervical vertebrae, dorsally it has a robust elastic tissue tether on the otoccipital and supraoccipital bones. The ventral surface of the proatlas parallels the dorsal margin of the foramen magnum and rests on the dorsal surface of the spinal venous sinus. Experimental manipulation of the proatlas demonstrated that displacement of the proatlas causes pressure changes in both the spinal venous sinus and the enclosed spinal CSF. The results of this study represent the first demonstration of an explicit functional role for the proatlas, the circulation of fluids between the cranial and spinal compartments of the central nervous system.
A subunit‐based influenza/SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron combined vaccine induced potent protective immunity in BALB/c mice
Authors: Zhang Naru , Ye Zihui , Li Cun , Zhou Jie , Xue Wei , Xiang Luying , Chen Yuewen , Chen Shuchang , Ye Rouhan , Dong Jingyin , Zhou Jie , Jiang Shibo , Han Haijun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInfection with influenza A virus (IAV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) poses a significant risk to human life, health, and the global economy. Vaccination is one of the most effective strategies in the fight against infectious viruses. In this study, we, for the first time, have evaluated the immunogenicity and protective effect of an influenza/SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron subunit combined vaccine adjuvanted with MF59 and administered to BALB/c mice. Results showed that the combined vaccine induced high levels of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies, as well as influenza A H1N1/California/2009 virus‐specific hemagglutination‐inhibiting antibodies in BALB/c mice. Moreover, this subunit combined vaccine induced high titers of neutralization antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron sublineage BA.5 pseudovirus and effectively reduced the viral load of authentic SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron sublineage BA.5.2 in the cell culture supernatants. These results suggested that this subunit combined vaccine achieved protective effect against both H1N1 A/California/07/2009 strain and SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron BA.5.2 variant. It is therefore expected that this study will establish the scientific foundation for the next‐step development of combined vaccines against other strains or variants of IAV and SARS‐CoV‐2.
A multiphysics SET modeling method based on machine learning
Authors: Xu Ting , Guo Yanping , Chen Jiaxin , Bu Jianhui , Gao Libo , Ni Tao , Li Bo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWith continuous downscaling of transistor sizes, the sensitivity to single event effect (SET) has become one of the most important reliability issues for aerospace integrated circuits. Besides the SET, integrated circuits will be affected by multiphysics such as temperature and voltage when working in space. Currently, the commonly used modeling methods are based on physical mechanisms and the double exponential pulse current. However, both methods are hard to build an accurate SET current model when various variables are considered. In this article, a novel machine learning modeling method of multiphysics SET is proposed, using intelligent algorithms to optimize the network also. With this method, we can obtain a reasonable and accurate multiphysics SET model based on neural network with single hidden layer, and there is no need to consider complex physical mechanisms. The model data is collected from TCAD simulation. Ant colony algorithm was used to optimize the initial values of the network. The RMS (root mean square error) of modeling result is less than 2%.