bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To repair or to replace in mitral valve infective endocarditis? an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Awad Ahmed K. , Wilson Karim , Elnagar Mahmoud A. , Elbadawy Merihan A. , Fathy Mohamed H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Valve infective endocarditis (IE) is a potentially life-threatening condition that affects patients’ livelihoods. Current surgical options in mitral valve IE include mitral valve repair (MVr) or replacement (MVR). While each procedure boasts its merits, doubt remains as to which type of surgery is superior.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane literature databases for studies comparing MVR and MVr in mitral valve IE. Any randomized controlled trial (RCT) or observational studies that compare MVR vs. MVr in mitral valve IE were eligible. Our dichotomous outcomes were extracted in the form of event and total, and risk and hazard ratio (RR)(HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and were pooled and calculated using RevMan 5.0.

Results
Our study included 23 studies with a total population of 11,802 patients. Compared to MVR, MVr had statistically significant lower risks of both early mortality with RR [0.44; 95% CI, 0.38–0.51; p < 0.001] and long-term follow-up mortality with HR [0.70; 95% CI, 0.58–0.85; p = 0.0004]. Moreover, MVr was associated with a statistically significant lower risk of IE recurrence with RR [0.43; 95% CI, 0.32–0.58; p < 0.001]; however, no statistically significant differences between both groups in terms of re-operations with RR [0.83; 95% CI, 0.41–1.67; p = 0.60].

Conclusion
Our results suggest that MVr was superior in terms of in-hospital mortality, long-term survival, and risk of recurrence without significance in valve reoperation. Therefore, MVr is appropriate as a primary treatment choice and should be considered whenever possible in most IE patients.
Recent advances in nanomaterial-based biosensor for periodontitis detection
Authors: Hooshiar Mohammad Hosseini , Moghaddam Masoud Amiri , Kiarashi Mohammad , Al-Hijazi Athraa Y. , Hussein Abbas Fadel , A.Alrikabi Hareth , Salari Sara , Esmaelian Samar , Mesgari Hassan , Yasamineh Saman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeriodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition caused by bacteria, often causes gradual destruction of the components that support teeth, such as the alveolar bone, cementum, periodontal ligament, and gingiva. This ultimately results in teeth becoming loose and eventually falling out. Timely identification has a crucial role in preventing and controlling its progression. Clinical measures are used to diagnose periodontitis. However, now, there is a hunt for alternative diagnostic and monitoring methods due to the progress of technology. Various biomarkers have been assessed using multiple bodily fluids as sample sources. Furthermore, conventional periodontal categorization factors do not provide significant insights into the present disease activity, severity and amount of tissue damage, future development, and responsiveness to treatment. In recent times, there has been a growing utilization of nanoparticle (NP)-based detection strategies to create quick and efficient detection assays. Every single one of these platforms leverages the distinct characteristics of NPs to identify periodontitis. Plasmonic NPs include metal NPs, quantum dots (QDs), carbon base NPs, and nanozymes, exceptionally potent light absorbers and scatterers. These find application in labeling, surface-enhanced spectroscopy, and color-changing sensors. Fluorescent NPs function as photostable and sensitive instruments capable of labeling various biological targets. This article presents a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the effective utilization of various NPs to detect periodontitis.
Graphical Abstract
The correlation between ultrasonographic findings and clinical symptoms of pelvic endometriosis
Authors: Mostafavi Seyed Reza Saadat , Kor Elham , Sakhaei Seyyed Mohammad , Kor Anis 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
Considering the importance of endometriosis and its relatively high prevalence among women, this study sought to investigate clinical and Transrectal and transvaginal ultrasounds (TVS) findings of disease.

Methods
This descriptive-analytical study was performed based on medical records of 155 women with endometriosis admitted to Rasool-e Akram Hospital in Tehran for a TVS. All the sonography data and patients’ information were collected into checklists and analyzed in SPSS-25 software (IBM).

Results
The mean age of participants was 32.4 ± 6.1 years, ranging from 18 to 50 years. Endometrioma was prevalent in 129 patients (84.8%). Size of endometrioma (diameter) was more than 3 cm in 79.9% of patients, and 3 cm or fewer in 20.1% of cases. Bladder, intestinal, vaginal, and rectosigmoid involvements with endometriosis implants were observed in 4 (2.6%), 54 (35.5), 3 (0.2%), and 51 (33.5) of patients, respectively. A total of 64.5% of patients were diagnosed with incomplete stenosis of the Douglas pouch and 35.5% had complete stenosis. Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) was less than 1 cm in 20.7%, 1 to 3 cm in 42.3%, and over 3 cm in 37% of patients. The most common manifestations of endometriosis Obliteration of the Douglas pouch, endometrioma, and DIE. In addition, imaging modalities have shown promising results, indicating the necessity to use transvaginal ultrasound as the first line of diagnosis in patients with clinically suspected endometriosis.
Genomic Landscape of Circulating Tumor DNA in Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2–Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer Treated With Abemaciclib: Data From the SCRUM-Japan Cancer Genome Screening Project
Authors: Hattori Masaya , Serelli-Lee Victoria , Naito Yoichi , Yamanaka Takashi , Yasojima Hiroyuki , Nakamura Rikiya , Fujisawa Takao , Imai Mitsuho , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Bando Hideaki , Kawaguchi Tsutomu , Yoshino Takayuki , Iwata Hiroji 
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE To understand the mutational landscape of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor tissue of patients with hormone receptor–positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–negative (HER2–) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treated with abemaciclib + endocrine therapy (ET). METHODS Blood samples for ctDNA and/or tissue samples were collected from abemaciclib-treated patients with HR+/HER2– MBC enrolled in the SCRUM-Japan MONSTAR-SCREEN project. Blood samples were collected before abemaciclib initiation (baseline) and at disease progression/abemaciclib discontinuation (post abemaciclib treatment). Clinical and genomic characteristics including neoplastic burden (measured by shedding rate and maximum variant allele frequency [VAF]) were assessed at baseline. Genomic alterations in ctDNA were compared in paired baseline and post abemaciclib treatment samples. RESULTS All patients (N = 97) were female (median age, 57 years [IQR, 50-67]). In baseline ctDNA (n = 77), PIK3CA (37%), TP53 (28%), ESR1 (16%), and GATA3 (11%) were the most frequently mutated genes. Baseline tissue samples (n = 79) showed similar alteration frequencies. Among patients with baseline ctDNA data, 30% had received previous ET. ESR1 alteration frequency (35% v 8%; P < .01), median shedding rate (3 v 2), and maximum somatic VAF (4 v 0.8; both P < .05) were significantly higher in ctDNA from patients with previous ET than those without previous ET. In paired ctDNA samples (n = 33), PIK3CA and ESR1 alteration frequencies were higher after abemaciclib treatment than at baseline, though not statistically significant. Among the post-treatment alterations, those newly acquired were detected most frequently in FGF3/4/19 (18%); PIK3CA, TP53, CCND1, and RB1 (all 15%); and ESR1 (12%). CONCLUSION We summarized the ctDNA and cancer tissue mutational landscape, including overall neoplastic burden and PIK3CA and ESR1 hotspot mutations in abemaciclib-treated patients with HR+/HER2– MBC. The data provide insights that could help optimize treatment strategies in this population.
Strategy-Proof Multi-Issue Mediation: An Application to Online Dispute Resolution
Authors: Kesten Onur , Özyurt Selçuk 
Published: April 2024

Mediation (assisted negotiation) is the preferred alternative dispute resolution approach that has given rise to a multibillion-dollar industry worldwide. Online dispute resolution (ODR) providers rely heavily on mechanized e-negotiation systems. Inspired by their structured negotiation systems, we follow a market design approach and develop a tractable framework in search of strategy-proof, efficient, and individually rational mediation mechanisms. We characterize the full family of such mechanisms and the domains of preferences in which they exist. A necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such protocols is the so-called quid pro quo property; a weak condition that formulates preferences for compromise solutions. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: S. Özyurt is grateful for the support he received from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council and the European Commission [Grant 659780]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00383 .
It’s About What Happens in the Meantime: The Temporal Interplay of Individual and Collective Creativity
Authors: Schiemer Benjamin 
Published: April 2024

In creativity research, time is rarely conceptualized as a multidimensional phenomenon. Instead, it is conceived either as an external variable, for coordinating successive phases of an idea journey, interaction patterns, and moments of insight—or as an individual experience, encompassing aspects like stress or timelessness. Based on an ethnography of a music studio, I show how these temporalities coexist and how time is organized as a linear coordination process as well as an experience to enable and align individual and collective creativity. Time is thereby available in three dimensions, as planned time for linear sequencing of collective work steps, as assigned meantime for the spontaneous and parallel allocation of tasks to free time slots, and as idle meantime for indeterminate waiting periods afforded by the material temporality of artifacts and bodies. My findings elucidate that organizing the interplay of all three temporal dimensions favors both individual ideation in indeterminate situations of idleness and collective creative work on predefined tasks in planned phases and ad hoc structured situations. Importantly, I found how the time afforded by artifacts and bodies in creative work is key to enabling and aligning individual creative processes by providing opportunities for relaxation, defocusing, and humor during collective creative processes, based on coordinated interaction. My findings contribute to a social process perspective on creativity by reconsidering the role of individual experiences in creative collaboration from a temporal perspective. Funding: This research was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Grant 10.55776/I4884].
Preoperative prediction for periprosthetic bone loss and individual evaluation of bisphosphonate effect after total hip arthroplasty using artificial intelligence
Authors: Morita Akira , Iida Yuta , Inaba Yutaka , Tezuka Taro , Kobayashi Naomi , Choe Hyonmin , Ike Hiroyuki , Kawakami Eiryo 
Published: April 2024

AimsThis study was designed to develop a model for predicting bone mineral density (BMD) loss of the femur after total hip arthroplasty (THA) using artificial intelligence (AI), and to identify factors that influence the prediction. Additionally, we virtually examined the efficacy of administration of bisphosphonate for cases with severe BMD loss based on the predictive model.MethodsThe study included 538 joints that underwent primary THA. The patients were divided into groups using unsupervised time series clustering for five-year BMD loss of Gruen zone 7 postoperatively, and a machine-learning model to predict the BMD loss was developed. Additionally, the predictor for BMD loss was extracted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). The patient-specific efficacy of bisphosphonate, which is the most important categorical predictor for BMD loss, was examined by calculating the change in predictive probability when hypothetically switching between the inclusion and exclusion of bisphosphonate.ResultsTime series clustering allowed us to divide the patients into two groups, and the predictive factors were identified including patient- and operation-related factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for the BMD loss prediction averaged 0.734. Virtual administration of bisphosphonate showed on average 14% efficacy in preventing BMD loss of zone 7. Additionally, stem types and preoperative triglyceride (TG), creatinine (Cr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and creatine kinase (CK) showed significant association with the estimated patient-specific efficacy of bisphosphonate.ConclusionPeriprosthetic BMD loss after THA is predictable based on patient- and operation-related factors, and optimal prescription of bisphosphonate based on the prediction may prevent BMD loss.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(4):184–192.
3D-printed modular prostheses for reconstruction of intercalary bone defects after joint-sparing limb salvage surgery for femoral diaphyseal tumours
Authors: Zhu Xiaojun , Hu Jinxin , Lin Jiaming , Song Guohui , Xu Huaiyuan , Lu Jinchang , Tang Qinglian , Wang Jin 
Published: April 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of 3D-printed modular prostheses in patients who underwent joint-sparing limb salvage surgery (JSLSS) for malignant femoral diaphyseal bone tumours.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 17 patients (13 males and four females) with femoral diaphyseal tumours who underwent JSLSS in our hospital.ResultsIn all, 17 patients with locally aggressive bone tumours (Enneking stage IIB) located in the femoral shaft underwent JSLSS and reconstruction with 3D-printed modular prostheses between January 2020 and June 2022. The median surgical time was 153 minutes (interquartile range (IQR) 117 to 248), and the median estimated blood loss was 200ml (IQR 125 to 400). Osteosarcoma was the most common pathological type (n = 12; 70.6%). The mean osteotomy length was 197.53 mm (SD 12.34), and the median follow-up was 25 months (IQR 19 to 38). Two patients experienced local recurrence and three developed distant metastases. Postoperative complications included wound infection in one patient and screw loosening in another, both of which were treated successfully with revision surgery. The median Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score at the final follow-up was 28 (IQR 27 to 28).ConclusionThe 3D-printed modular prosthesis is a reliable and feasible reconstruction option for patients with malignant femoral diaphyseal tumours. It helps to improve the limb salvage rate, restore limb function, and achieve better short-term effectiveness.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(4):317–323.
Mathematical analysis of left ventricular elastance with respect to afterload change during ejection phase
Authors: Kato Shiro , Himeno Yukiko , Amano Akira 
Published: April 2024

Since the left ventricle (LV) has pressure (Plv) and volume (Vlv), we can define LV elastance from the ratio between Plv and Vlv, termed as “instantaneous elastance.” On the other hand, end-systolic elastance (Emax) is known to be a good index of LV contractility, which is measured by the slope of several end-systolic Plv—Vlv points obtained by using different loads. The word Emax originates from the assumption that LV elastance increases during the ejection phase and attains its maximum at the end-systole. From this concept, we can define another elastance determined by the slope of isochronous Plv—Vlv points, that is Plv—Vlv points at a certain time after the ejection onset time by using different loads. We refer to this elastance as “load-dependent elastance.”
To reveal the relation between these two elastances, we used a hemodynamic model that included a detailed ventricular myocyte contraction model. From the simulation results, we found that the isochronous Plv—Vlv points lay in one line and that the line slope corresponding to the load-dependent elastance slightly decreased during the ejection phase, which is quite different from the instantaneous elastance.
Subsequently, we analyzed the mechanism determining these elastances from the model equations. We found that instantaneous elastance is directly related to contraction force generated by the ventricular myocyte, but the load-dependent elastance is determined by two factors: one is the transient characteristics of the cardiac cell, i.e., the velocity–dependent force drops characteristics in instantaneous shortening. The other is the force–velocity relation of the cardiac cell. We also found that the linear isochronous pressure–volume relation is based on the approximately linear relation between the time derivative of the cellular contraction force and the cellular shortening velocity that results from the combined characteristics of LV and aortic compliances.
Impact of conflict on the elimination targets of lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in Cabo Delgado province, Mozambique
Authors: Badia-Rius Xavier , Sitoe Henis Mior , Lopes Sergio , Kelly-Hope Louise A. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Mozambique has one of the highest burdens of neglected tropical diseases in Africa. Lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths are being targeted for elimination as part of integrated mass drug administration campaigns. The progress made towards interruption of transmission has been affected by recent conflict in Cabo Delgado province. The aim of this paper was to determine the potential impact of this crisis on the neglected tropical diseases programme and the challenges in reaching the elimination goals of 2030.

Methodology
A desk-based secondary data analysis was conducted on publicly available sources of neglected tropical diseases, conflict incidents, internally displaced persons and geographical access between 2020 and 2022. Data were summarised and mapped using GIS software. A combined risk stratified assessment at district level was developed with five classifications i) Very high-risk; ii) High-risk; iii) Medium to high-risk; iv) Medium risk; and v) Not at risk due to conflict absence but co-endemic.

Results
Lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths were co-endemic in 115 out of 156 (74%) districts. Between 2020 and 2022 a total of 1,653 conflict-related incidents were reported, most of them in Cabo Delgado province (n = 1,397, 85%). A five-fold increase of internally displaced persons was recorded from April 2020 (n = 172,186) to November 2022 (n = 935,130). Geographical accessibility also deteriorated across the province with an increase from five (29%) in 2021 to seven (41%) districts in 2022 classified as hard-to-reach. The combined risk stratification identified that most districts in Cabo Delgado province had medium to high-risk (n = 7; 41%); very high-risk (n = 5, 29%); medium risk (n = 3, 18%); high-risk (n = 2, 12%).

Conclusion
Most of the districts of Cabo Delgado were considered to be at risk of not meeting the neglected tropical diseases road map 2030 targets due to the humanitarian crisis ongoing. There is the need for practical strategies and funding to overcome these hostile challenges.
Can routine antenatal data be used to assess HIV antiretroviral therapy coverage among pregnant women? Evaluating the validity of different data sources in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Jacob Nisha , Rice Brian , Heekes Alexa , Johnson Leigh F. , Brinkmann Samantha , Kufa Tendesayi , Boulle Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Background
Accurate measurement of antenatal antiretroviral treatment (ART) coverage in pregnancy is imperative in tracking progress towards elimination of vertical HIV transmission. In the Western Cape, South Africa, public-sector individual-level routine data are consolidated from multiple sources, enabling the description of temporal changes in population-wide antenatal antiretroviral coverage. We evaluated the validity of different methods for measuring ART coverage among pregnant women.

Methods
We compared self-reported ART data from a 2014 antenatal survey with laboratory assay data from a sub-sample within the survey population. Thereafter, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of all pregnancies consolidated in the Provincial Health Data Centre (PHDC) from January 2011 to December 2020. Evidence of antenatal and HIV care from electronic platforms were linked using a unique patient identifier. ART coverage estimates were triangulated with available antenatal survey estimates, aggregated programmatic data from registers recorded in the District Health Information System (DHIS) and Thembisa modelling estimates.

Results
Self-reported ART in the 2014 sentinel antenatal survey (n = 1434) had high sensitivity (83.5%), specificity (94.5%) and agreement (k = 0.8) with the gold standard of laboratory analysis of ART. Based on linked routine data, ART coverage by the time of delivery in mothers of live births increased from 67.4% in 2011 to 94.7% by 2019. This pattern of increasing antenatal ART coverage was also seen in the DHIS data, and estimated by the Thembisa model, but was less consistent in the antenatal survey data.

Conclusion
This study is the first in a high-burden HIV setting to compare sentinel ART surveillance data with consolidated individuated administrative data. Although self-report in survey conditions showed high validity, more recent data sources based on self-report and medical records may be uncertain with increasing ART coverage over time. Linked individuated data may offer a promising option for ART coverage estimation with greater granularity and efficiency.