bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New syndromic form of benign hereditary chorea is associated with a deletion of TITF‐1 and PAX‐9 contiguous genes
Authors: Devos David , Vuillaume Isabelle , De Becdelievre Alix , De Martinville Berengère , Dhaenens Claire‐Marie , Cuvellier Jean‐Christophe , Cuisset Jean‐Marie , Vallée Louis , Lemaitre Marie‐Pierre , Bourteel Hélène , Hachulla Eric , Wallaert Benoit , Destée Alain , Defebvre Luc , Sablonnière Bernard 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBenign hereditary chorea is a rare autosomal dominant disorder presenting with a childhood‐onset and slowly progressive chorea. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and genetic features of 3 patients who developed childhood‐onset chorea. Three affected patients from three generations of a family with benign hereditary chorea associated with a multisystemic disorder of the basal ganglia, thyroid, lungs, salivary glands, bowels, and teeth. The TITF‐1 gene was screened by microsatellite analysis, gene sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genetic analysis revealed a novel 0.9‐Mb deletion on chromosome 14, which includes the TITF‐1 and PAX9 genes. We have identified a novel deletion responsible for a new syndrome of benign hereditary chorea, including symptoms of brain–thyroid–lung syndrome associated with bowels, salivary glands, and teeth disorders. Associated signs, sometimes of slight expression, remain of high interest for the clinical and genetic diagnosis of benign hereditary chorea. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Family‐based case–control study of MAOA and MAOB polymorphisms in Parkinson disease
Authors: Kang Sun J. , Scott William K. , Li Yi‐Ju , Hauser Michael A. , van der Walt Joelle M. , Fujiwara Kenichiro , Mayhew Gregory M. , West Sandra G. , Vance Jeffery M. , Martin Eden R. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMonoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme regulating metabolism of neurotransmitters such as dopamine. Two distinct forms of enzyme, encoded by genes MAOA and MAOB located on the X chromosome, have been considered as possible factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). Previous association studies of PD and MAO genes reported inconsistent results. In this study, we used a large family‐based data set to test associations between MAO genes and a risk of PD. The data set includes 298 female discordant sibpairs and 348 male discordant sibpairs. For this study, all subjects analyzed were white and families with known parkin mutations were removed. We analyzed 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and a dinucleotide repeat marker in the MAO genes. Association was found with the intron 13 SNP of MAOB in the female subset (P = 0.02). No significant association was found in the male subset. Our results add to the evidence of involvement of MAOB in PD and suggest that the effect may be stronger in women. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society
On the L2 and the H1 couplings for an overlapping domain decomposition method using Lagrange multipliers
Authors: Guidault P.‐A. , Belytschko T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this paper, a comparison of the L2 and the H1 couplings is made for an overlapping domain decomposition method using Lagrange multipliers. The analysis of the local equations arising from the formulation of the coupling of two mechanical models shows that continuous weight functions are required for the L2 coupling term whereas both discontinuous and continuous weight functions can be used for the H1 coupling. The choice of the Lagrange multiplier space is discussed and numerically studied. The paper ends with some numerical examples of an end‐loaded cantilever beam and a cracked plate under tension and shear. It is shown that the continuity enforced with the H1 coupling leads to a link with a flexibility that can be beneficial for coupling a very coarse mesh with a very fine one. To limit the effect of the volume coupling on the global response, a narrow coupling zone is recommended. In this case, volume coupling tends to a surface coupling, especially with a L2 coupling. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A role for neurotensin in bicalutamide resistant prostate cancer cells
Authors: Vias Maria , Burtt Glyn , Culig Zoran , Veerakumarasivam Abhi , Neal David E. , Mills Ian G. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnti‐androgens are administered as a principal treatment for prostate cancer. Aggressive hormone refractory disease is characterized in some cases by the development of a neuroendocrine phenotype. However little attention has been paid to resistance pathways selected for by long‐term treatment with non‐steroidal anti‐androgens.METHODSUsing a resistant sub‐line, LNCaP‐Bic, we performed a comparative gene expression profiling using cDNA microarrays and target validation by qRT‐PCR. Targets were then explored using cell proliferation, cell cycle analysis and in vitro invasion assays using siRNA technology.RESULTSNeurotensin/Neuromedin N (NTS) was upregulated in the LNCaP‐Bic line at both the transcript and protein level. The resistant line was found to have an increased proliferation rate, more rapid cell cycle progression and increased invasiveness through Matrigel. Each phenotypic difference could be reduced using siRNA knockdown of NT.CONCLUSIONIncreased expression of NT in bicalutamide resistant prostate cancer cells induces cell proliferation and invasion suggesting that this peptide may contribute to the development of bicalutamide resistant prostate cancer. Prostate © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Towards the molecular understanding of glycogen elongation by amylosucrase
Authors: Albenne Cécile , Skov Lars K. , Tran Vinh , Gajhede Michael , Monsan Pierre , Remaud‐Siméon Magali , André‐Leroux Gwénaëlle 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAmylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea (AS) is a transglucosidase from the glycoside‐hydrolase family 13 that catalyzes the synthesis of an amylose‐like polymer from sucrose, without any primer. Its affinity towards glycogen is particularly noteworthy since glycogen is the best D‐glucosyl unit acceptor and the most efficient activator (98‐fold kcat increase) known for this enzyme. Glycogen–enzyme interactions were modeled starting from the crystallographic AS: maltoheptaose complex, where two key oligosaccharide binding sites, OB1 and OB2, were identified. Two maltoheptaose molecules were connected by an α‐1,6 branch by molecular modeling to mimic a glycogen branching. Among the various docking positions obtained, four models were chosen based on geometry and energy criteria. Robotics calculations enabled us to describe a back and forth motion of a hairpin loop of the AS specific B′‐domain, a movement that assists the elongation of glycogen branches. Modeling data combined with site‐directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that the OB2 surface site provides an anchoring platform at the enzyme surface to capture the polymer and direct the branches towards the OB1 acceptor site for elongation. On the basis of the data obtained, a semiprocessive glycogen elongation mechanism can be proposed. Proteins 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of Mn‐doped (K,Na)0.96Sr0.02NbO3 ceramics
Authors: Liu T. , Ding A. L. , He X.Y. , Zheng X. S. , Qiu P. S. , Cheng W. X. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractDense, lead‐free ceramics with composition of (K0.5Na0.5)0.96Sr0.02Nb1–x Mnx O3 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04) were successfully prepared by a conventional mixed‐oxide method. The X‐ray diffraction patterns revealed pure peroveskite structure after Mn doping as compared to the original composition. This was attributed to the inhibition of K+ volatility during the sintering process. A dielectric anomaly was observed and explained by a multiple‐cell structure resulting from Mn‐induced lattice distortion. Low loss tangent and relatively high planar electromechanical coupling factor were obtained at x = 0.02. The main parameters for the composition of x = 0.02 are: ε T 33/ε0 = 479, d 33 = 121 pC/N, K p = 41%, Q m = 298, tan δ = 1.6%, T c = 391 °C. The rates of resonant frequency variation, α , and planar coupling factor variation, α , with a temperature of 80 °C are –1.85% and +1.19%, respectively. This material may be suitable for applica‐ tions in ultrasonic transducers. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A 15N‐aided artificial atmosphere gas flow technique for online determination of soil N2 release using the zeolite Köstrolith SX6®
Authors: Spott Oliver , Russow Rolf , Apelt Bernd , Stange C. Florian 
Published: October 2006

AbstractN2 is one of the major gaseous nitrogen compounds released by soils due to N‐transformation processes. Since it is also the major constituent of the earth's atmosphere (78.08% vol.), the determination of soil N2 release is still one of the main methodological challenges with respect to a complete evaluation of the gaseous N‐loss of soils. Commonly used approaches are based either on a C2H2 inhibition technique, an artificial atmosphere or a 15N‐tracer technique, and are designed either as closed systems (non‐steady state) or gas flow systems (steady state). The intention of this work has been to upgrade the current gas flow technique using an artificial atmosphere for a 15N‐aided determination of the soil N2 release simultaneously with N2O. A 15N‐aided artificial atmosphere gas flow approach has been developed, which allows a simultaneous online determination of N2 as well as N2O fluxes from an open soil system (steady state). Fluxes of both gases can be determined continuously over long incubation periods and with high sampling frequency. The N2 selective molecular sieve Köstrolith SX6® was tested successfully for the first time for dinitrogen collection. The presented paper mainly focuses on N2 flux determination. For validation purposes soil aggregates of a Haplic Phaeozem were incubated under aerobic (21 and 6 vol.% O2) and anaerobic conditions. Significant amounts of N2 were released only during anaerobic incubation (0.4 and 640.2 pmol N2 h−1 g−1 dry soil). However, some N2 formation also occurred during aerobic incubation. It was also found that, during ongoing denitrification, introduced [NO3]− will be more strongly delivered to microorganisms than the original soil [NO3]−. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microbial degradation of t‐butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate: A comparative microcosm study among five diverse ecosystems
Authors: Heitkamp Michael A. , Cerniglia Carl E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractMicrocosms containing sediment and water from lacustrine, riverine and estuarine ecosystems were used to determine the rate of mineralization of t‐butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate (BPDP), a triaryl phosphate ester which is commonly used as a flame‐retardent plasticizer. Mineralization of BPDP ranged from 1.7% up to 37.2% after 8 weeks and the rate of degradation was related to the nutrient level and contaminant history of each ecosystem. Total heterotrophic populations as well as populations of microorganisms capable of utilizing BPDP as a sole source of carbon and energy varied but were greatest in sediments with higher BPDP mineralization rates. Phosphodi‐ and phosphotriesterase enzyme activities varied in each sediment according to BPDP mineralization rates. Adaptive increases in enzymatic activities and microbial populations were observed in some microcosms after exposure to BPDP. Volatile and nonvolatile organic‐solvent extractable 14C‐residues were quantitated by liquid scintillation spectrometry. Extractable 14C‐residues were separated by thin‐layer chromatography into polar and non‐polar compounds. Our results indicate that the rate of BPDP biodegradation varied among ecosystems and was highest in water and sediment from eutrophic ecosystems which have been previously exposed to xenobiotics. Therefore, microcosm components should be collected from ecosystems which have physical, chemical, and biological characteristics which are similar to the ecosystems most likely to be contaminated by a xenobiotic.
The application of luminescent bacteria for monitoring the toxicity of a biocide‐inhibitor
Authors: Barton A. P. , Delhaize A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn this study bacterial luminescent toxicity tests (LTT) were used to monitor the residual toxicity concentration of a biocide‐inhibitor after several months storage. The study was completed in two parts. The first study investigated the relationship between the chemical and toxicity concentrations of a biocide‐inhibitor stored in mild steel containers and glass containers. After three months storage in the mild steel containers there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) between the chemically assayed level of the biocide‐inhibitor and the toxicity level determined by the LTT. The results of the laboratory studies were confirmed in the second part of the study when the biocide‐inhibitor was incorporated in the sea water used to flood a large undersea pipeline during the pressure testing programme. The disparity between the chemical and toxic assayed concentrations was not as great when the biocide‐inhibitor was stored in glass containers. The influence of the container used for biocide testing plus the failure of the chemical analysis to reflect the toxicity level of this biocide‐inhibitor demonstrates a different application of LTT. The results of this study also illustrate the usefulness and relevance of LTT in testing the effectiveness of some biocides and indicate that LTT could be useful in monitoring the efficiency of biocides during their industrial application.
Effect of cobalt‐magnesium interaction on growth of saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Aoyama Isao , Kudo Akira , Veliky I. A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe physiological and biochemical role of magnesium in viable cell is well established. The toxicity of higher concentrations of cobalt has been recognized for many years. In this study the interaction of the two elements has been investigated and its effect demonstrated on growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRCC#202036 in batch culture.Magnesium stimulated the growth rate of yeast while higher concentrations (over 0.01 mM) of cobalt were inhibitory. Addition of magnesium to the medium reduced the toxicity of cobalt. Calculations based on experimental data indicate a hyperbolic relationship between growth inhibition rate and the concentration of cobalt in the medium.The cells in their early growth phase are more sensitive to cobalt concentrations. Magnesium can repair, to a certain extent, the damage to cells caused by cobalt. The extent of such a repair depends on the cobalt concentration in the medium, the physiological state of the cells during the exposure and on the concentration of magnesium supplement. There is a linear relation between the exposure time of cell to cobalt and the growth rate or cell density. Longer exposure of cells to cobalt concentrations caused higher irreversible damage reflected in cell growth. However, magnesium addition to the medium reduced the effect of the exposure time on the yeast as indicated by cell density. The accumulation of magnesium in cells was independent of the magnesium and cobalt concentrations in the medium. However, cobalt accumulation by cells was related to its concentration in the medium. The high concentrations of magnesium in medium repressed the uptake of cobalt by the yeast.
Chemical structure‐biodegradation inhibition and fish acute toxicity relationships for narcotic industrial chemicals
Authors: Vaishnav Dinesh D. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractBiodegradation of each primary alcohol from methanol (C1. OH) to 1‐dodecanol (1–C12. OH) was manometrically measured as a function of alcohol concentration. The study employed resting cells prepared from the growth of a mixed microbial culture on the respective alcohol substrate. Biodegradation rates at each alcohol concentration were calculated in terms of μmol oxygen consumed/μg cell protein/h. Maximum biodegradation rates of all alcohols were correlated with the concentrations of respective alcohols. Gaussian curves were obtained for all alcohols, except 1‐undecanol and 1‐dodecanol. From the rate inhibition data, concentrations that reduced maximum observed biodegradation rates by 50% (experimental EC50) were statistically derived for 10 alcohols (C1. OH to 1‐C10. OH). The logarithms of 1‐octanol/water partition coefficients (Log P) and EC50 values of these alcohols were correlated. This relationship was parabolic and defined by the polynomial regression equation: Log EC50 (mol/L) = –0.88 (Log P) + 0.07 (Log P)2–0.23. This equation was used for predicting EC50 values of 19 narcotic industrial chemicals based on their Log P values. Experimental EC50 values of these test chemicals were derived in the same manner as described for alcohols. The EC50 values were compared for each test chemical by taking a ratio of predicted to experimental EC50 (mol/L). The mean value of these ratios was 1.16 ± 0.35.The logarithms of microbial respirometric EC50 and fathead minnow acute toxicity (96‐h LC50) values of 7 primary alcohols were correlated. This relationship was linear and defined by the exponential equation: LC50 (mg/L) = 0.0001 (EC50 mg/L)1.76. This equation was used for predicting LC50 values of 12 narcotic chemicals. Predicted and experimental (from literature) LC50 values of each chemical were compared by appropriately taking a ratio. The average of these ratios was about 1.2.
Development of a microbial toxicity monitor
Authors: Shieh Wen K. , Yee Carl J. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn context of the current state of microbial toxicity monitoring systems, a need was recognized for further work on dissolved oxygen (DO) monitoring technique to establish the concept's validity and to improve upon both sensitivity and design using the experience of existing variations covered in the literature. Higher flow velocity, no moving parts, removal of the DO probe from direct contact with the aeration chamber, and a packed bed biofilter were the design features incorporated into the microbial toxicity monitor (MTM) described herein.Results obtained from testing five heavy metals, four organics and pH indicated that there was a direct relationship between concentration of contaminants and MTM response. The MTM can be useful as a primary tier monitoring system because of its continuous flow operation, automation, low cost, and ease of maintenance.
Ecotoxicological effects of creosote contamination on benthic microbial populations in an estuarine environment†
Authors: Koepfler Eric T. , Kator Howard I. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractEcotoxicological effects of creosote contamination on benthic bacterial communities in the Elizabeth River, Virginia were investigated using both structural and functional microbial parameters. Parameters included direct counts, viable counts of heterotrophs and “cresol‐utilizers”, and bacterial production determined using the tritiated thymidine uptake method. Ancillary data included temperature, salinity, Eh profiles, concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sediment granulometry and total organic carbon. Two reference stations in relatively nonpolluted areas were sampled for comparative data. Results indicated that cell specific and total heterotrophic bacterial production were depressed in a dose‐dependent manner with increasing sediment PAH concentrations. Sediment properties and seasonal changes in temperature appeared to modify the effects of PAHs on bacterial production. Direct bacterial counts and viable counts of total heterotrophs were depressed in the most contaminated sediments. Evidence of creosote adaptation was equivocal, with cresol‐utilizer densities not significantly elevated at contaminated stations. The presence of creosote was associated with shifts of Eh toward more negative values compared to nonpolluted sediments. Toxicants which reduce benthic bacterial production may indirectly impact other trophic groups through aberrant cycling of carbon or nutrients. Of the parameters examined, the tritiated thymidine production assay was found to be the most sensitive for detection of ecotoxicological effects.
Metals and microbes in toxicity testing
Authors: Cooney J. J. , Pettibone G. W. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe use of microorganisms can be a valuable and powerful tool in assessing the toxicity of metals, but a number of factors must be considered if meaningful results are to be obtained. In many instances natural assemblages of microorganisms are preferred to pure cultures as test systems. Similarly, effects on microbial processes such as primary production, respiration, or nitrogen fixation can provide better evaluations of toxicity than are provided by measurements of viability on pure cultures. When possible, more than one measure of activity or viability should be used. In a large number of cases, the toxicity of a metal is influenced by the chemical species of the metal. The chemical species and the availability of a metal can be influenced markedly by physical and chemical conditions, which include conditions in the field and conditions of the assay itself. Thus, those using microorganisms to assay the toxicity of metals should take care to specify the assay conditions in detail, and they should be sure that the assay conditions are as close as possible to in situ conditions. Moreover, caution should be used when extrapolating from laboratory to field situations, or from one field situation to another.
Cadmium uptake by pseudomonas fluorescens cells
Authors: Bauda P. , Garsot P. , Block J. C. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAccumulation of 109Cd by Ps. fluorescens has been investigated using the metabolic inhibitors: 1 mM dinitrophenol (DNP) and 100 μM NN′dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD). Although bacterial uptake of cadmium was reduced by DNP and DCCD, the ability of these inhibitors to complex 109Cd was thought to be the cause, rather than a reduction in metabolic activity. This was substantiated by the absence of effects due to temperature and nutrient conditions. Experiments undertaken with Ca, Mg, Zn, and Mn ions have proven the competitive action of Ca, Mg, and Mn ions on cadmium uptake.
Photobacterium phosphoreumtoxicity bioassay. I. Test procedures and applications
Authors: Ribo Juan M. , Kaiser Klaus L. E. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThis review ofPhotobacterium phosphoreumtoxicity bioassay, commonly known as the MicrotoxTMtests, consists of two parts. The first part, I. Test Procedures and Applications, is a selective literature review which describes the principle, methodology, experimental conditions and procedures, and the applications of the MicrotoxTMtest. It includes a list of relevant references and tables showing comparisons of Microtox test results with those of various other acute toxicity assays for selected compounds and complex industrial effluents. The second part of this review deals with toxicity data compilation.
Lead, tin, and multiple antibiotic resistant Pseudomonas spp. isolated from polluted sediment
Authors: Belliveau B. H. , Wong P. T. S. , Trevors J. T. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwo Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from freshwater sediment by enrichment in nutrient broth amended with either 1000 μg/mL lead or tin. Both organisms also displayed multiple antiobiotic resistance. The tin‐resistant pseudomonad was also resistant to 1000 μg/mL lead, whereas the Iead‐resistant Pseudomonas sp. was not resistant to 1000 μg/mL tin. Vertical and horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis of cleared cell lysates revealed that plasmids were not present in either strain. It therefore appears that lead, tin, and antiobiotic resistance is not plasmid encoded in these organisms.