bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of apheresis in children
Authors: Michon Bruno , Moghrabi Albert , Winikoff Rochelle , Barrette Stéphane , Bernstein Mark L. , Champagne Josette , David Michèle , Duval Michel , Hume Heather A. , Robitaille Nancy , Bélisle André , Champagne Martin A. 
Published: September 2007

BACKGROUND: Although the frequency of complications in adults undergoing therapeutic apheresis is low, there are little data in children.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 186 children who had undergone a total of 1632 apheresis procedures between 1994 and 2002 was conducted. Adverse reactions were prospectively documented. The procedures were plasma exchange (67%), hematopoietic progenitor cell collection (18%), red blood cell exchange (6.9%), leukodepletion (0.7%), and plasma exchange with immunoadsorption (6.7%).RESULTS: Adverse reactions, most minor, were reported in 55 percent of procedures in 82 percent of patients. The most frequent complications, per procedure and per patient during an entire course of therapy, were hypotension (14 and 48.4%), hypotension requiring fluid bolus (4.8 and 26.9%), symptomatic hypocalcemia (9.7 and 28.5%), allergic reactions (4.4 and 5.9%), catheter‐related thrombosis (1.7 and 12.4%), catheter‐related infection (2.1 and 16.1%), and severe anemia (hemoglobin [Hb] level, <7 g/dL; 2.5 and 17.2%). There were two deaths (1% of patients). Risk factors for complications by multivariate analysis were lower body weight, lower preapheresis Hb level, apheresis in a critical care unit, and number of procedures per patient. The 55 percent incidence of complications per procedure in our pediatric cohort is much higher than the 4.3 to 28 percent incidence reported in adults. The excess of adverse reactions in children are mostly related to citrate toxicity, higher relative vascular volume shifts, and the need for vascular access.CONCLUSION: Pediatric apheresis presents unique challenges and is associated with higher complication rate compared to adults. It is recommended that this procedure be performed in specialized centers.
Determinants of return behavior: a comparison of current and lapsed donors
Authors: Germain Marc , Glynn Simone A. , Schreiber George B. , Gélinas Stéphanie , King Melissa , Jones Mike , Bethel James , Tu Yongling 
Published: September 2007

BACKGROUND: There is a need to identify factors explaining why some people stop donating blood.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A random mail survey of first‐time (FT) and repeat (RPT) current (donating within 6 months before survey) and lapsed (donating >2 years prior) donors was conducted. The self‐administered questionnaire included questions on personal, social, and behavioral characteristics.RESULTS: Among 1280 current and 1672 lapsed donors with valid addresses, the participation rate was 66.8 and 39.2 percent, respectively. In FT donors, the odds of lapsing increased with education (odds ratio [OR], 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34‐3.55 for college or higher vs. Grade 12 or less education). Lapsed FT donors were more often asked to donate (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.32‐2.70) and had less interest in incentives (p < 0.001) than current FT donors. In RPT donors, lapsed status was associated with being younger (p < 0.001) and female (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.42). Lapsed status was inversely associated with satisfaction with the last donation experience in both FT (p = 0.043) and RPT (p < 0.001) donors. Lapsed and current donors did not differ in perceived need for blood, personal transfusion experience, or mean reported altruistic behavior score.CONCLUSION: A positive donation experience appears to be a major determinant of donor return behavior. Lapsed donors do not appear, on average, to engage in fewer altruistic behaviors than currently active donors. Retention marketing strategies that appeal solely to altruistic values need to be further evaluated for their effectiveness.
Influences of general and traditional Chinese beliefs on the decision to donate blood among employer‐organized and volunteer donors in Beijing, China
Authors: Tison Geoffrey H. , Liu Changli , Ren Furong , Nelson Kenrad , Shan Hua 
Published: September 2007

BACKGROUND: For the past several decades, Chinese blood centers have relied on blood donations from employer‐organized donors (blood donors who donate blood in groups with coworkers as prearranged by the employer and the local blood center). Recently the government has decided to phase out employer‐organized donors and transition to the use of only volunteer donors (blood donors who donate individually independent of employers). Evaluating the beliefs and attitudes of employer‐organized and volunteer donors is critical to maintain an adequate blood supply after this transition.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 431 volunteer donors and 527 employer‐organized donors who completed a structured questionnaire in July 2005.RESULTS: Employer‐organized donors tended to be older, male, and married, with higher education and higher income compared to volunteer donors. Volunteer donors were more often motivated by altruism (p < 0.001) and more likely to donate larger volumes (400 mL vs. 200 mL) of blood (volunteer 70.5% vs. employer‐organized 7%; p < 0.001). Employer‐organized donors were more inhibited by factors related to traditional Chinese beliefs, such as the belief that blood donation affects life energy “Qi” (volunteer 3.1% vs. employer‐organized 12.7%; p < 0.001), and requested more time off from work after donating. Employer‐organized donors also express a greater concern about contracting disease from donating blood.CONCLUSION: To recruit voluntary donors effectively in China and other countries with traditional cultures, efforts need to counteract traditional beliefs and perceptions of risk that discourage donation by emphasizing the benefits, safety mechanisms, physiology, and epidemiology of blood donation. In China, there is a rich opportunity to convert prior employer‐organized donors into volunteer donors, and the institution of a confidential predonation screening system may help to facilitate truthful risk factor disclosure.
Influence of pH on stored human platelets
Authors: Dekkers David W.C. , De Cuyper Iris M. , Van Der Meer Pieter F. , Verhoeven Arthur J. , De Korte Dirk 
Published: September 2007

BACKGROUND: During storage at room temperature, platelets (PLTs) undergo several changes, a process known as PLT storage lesion. The pH is one of the variables changing and has been suggested to be a good surrogate marker for the quality of PLT concentrates. It is unknown whether the pH decrease as such induces the PLT storage lesion or that the deterioration of the PLTs results in the pH decrease. In this study, the responses of PLTs to applied pH values were investigated.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PLTs were washed three times in PLT additive solution (PAS‐IIIM) and were resuspended in PAS‐IIIM buffers with or without 30 percent plasma with different pH values over a range from 6.0 to 7.5 (at 37°C). The PLTs were stored in 50‐mL culture flasks at 22°C.RESULTS: During 3 days of storage in 100 percent additive solution (AS), the extracellular pH did not affect in vitro quality measures. Both at the lower and at the higher end of the pH range, we observed an increased glycolytic flux, accelerated at Day 6. Also in the presence of 30 percent plasma, the effect of extracellular pH was very limited, but all variables indicated better PLT quality with stable values up to Day 6 of storage.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that PLTs stored in 100 percent AS are able to cope with high and low pH values without a strong deterioration within 3 days. PLTs stored in 30 percent plasma‐70 percent AS are more capable in dealing with different pH values than PLTs stored in AS and remained stable for 6 days. We suggest that the pH decrease is a result of the PLT storage lesion and not the cause.
Short‐term benefits and risks of intravenous iron: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Notebaert Éric , Chauny Jean‐Marc , Albert Martin , Fortier Simon , Leblanc Nancy , Williamson David R. 
Published: September 2007

BACKGROUND:Intravenous (IV) iron may correct anemia more efficiently than oral iron, but it has been associated with allergic and hemodynamic reactions, and it may increase the risks of infectious complications. The objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to clarify these controversial issues.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Studies evaluating the use of IV iron compared to enteral or no iron with outcomes within 2 months of treatment initiation were identified. Only randomized controlled trials were included. When a meta‐analysis was possible, studies were combined with the Review Manager of the Cochrane Collaboration Group 2003. Statistics were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMDs), with a random‐effect model.RESULTS:Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis revealed a significant increase in the reticulocyte count (SMD, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10‐1.29; p = 0.02) and in ferritin levels (SMD, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.69‐1.68; p = 0.00001), but it also showed that in such a short period of time, IV iron does not correct hemoglobin (Hb)‐hematocrit (Hct) better than enteral or no iron. In a sensitivity analysis, however, the increase in Hb‐Hct became significant in the nondextran group (SMD, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.04‐0.51; p = 0.02). No increase in transferrin saturation was observed. Meta‐analysis of the allergic and hemodynamic reactions was not possible as most studies did not clearly describe these outcomes.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that treatment with nondextran IV iron may benefit a wide variety of patients. Randomized controlled studies are definitively needed to further evaluate the usefulness and safety of IV iron.
Root coverage assessment: validity and reproducibility of an image analysis system
Authors: Kerner Stéphane , Etienne Daniel , Malet Jacques , Mora Francis , Monnet‐Corti Virginie , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAim: The aim of this methodological study was to validate a new method for root coverage evaluation following periodontal plastic surgery.Material and Methods: Thirty recessions were treated in 21 consecutive patients, using a subepithelial connective tissue graft technique. Clinical measurements and photographs were taken at baseline and 12±6 months after treatment. The mean percentage of root coverage for linear and surface area measurements was calculated using conventional clinical evaluation, and compared with ImageJ, a public domain Java image processing program. Bland–Altman plots were used for assessing repeatability and agreement between clinical and ImageJ measurements. The strength of the relationship was calculated using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.Results: The repeatability of ImageJ was excellent for both linear and surface area measurements. The agreement between clinical and ImageJ measurements was good for the linear evaluation, showing lower and upper limits of −13.14% and 17.42%, respectively. Significant correlations (p<0.001) were found between clinical and ImageJ measurements, ranging from 0.93 to 0.94 for linear evaluation, and from 0.89 to 0.90 for surface evaluation.Conclusions: The outcomes of this study show that the ImageJ analysis is a reliable, reproducible method to evaluate the percentage of root coverage after periodontal plastic surgery, when a midfacial linear measurement is used.
Development of a questionnaire measuring treatment concerns in regular dental patients
Authors: Klages U. , Sadjadi Z. , Lojek L. D. , Rust G. , Wehrbein H. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract –  Objectives:  The aim of this study was to develop an instrument measuring core concerns about dental treatment guided by Reiss’ expectancy theory of fear. This would include the content domains of injury, somatic reaction and interpersonal concerns, to study the underlying factorial structure, and to determine the test quality of the resulting subscales.Methods:  A total of 555 regular dental patients answered the item pool. Subsamples filled in the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) (n = 346) and the Anxiety‐Present Scale of the state‐form of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI‐S) (n = 187). A second sample (n = 89) was used to determine test‐retest reliability and bias for social desirability [Self Disclosure Scale of the Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI)].Results:  Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses identified a stable three‐dimensional structure underlying the items convergent to the content domains of interpersonal, injury and somatic reaction concerns. Internal consistencies of the resulting subscales were between α = 0.84 and α = 0.87, test‐retest reliabilities were from rtt = 0.72–0.78. No evidence for a social desirability response bias was found. All subscales discriminated between patients with low and high dental trait anxiety at a level of P < 0.00001. Dental treatment concerns predicted 36% of variations in actual anxiety during treatment.Conclusions:  The results suggest that the proposed instrument, namely the Dental Treatment Concerns Inventory, shows good test qualities according to construct, discriminant and predictive validity, and may be a promising tool for research and clinical applications.
Relationship between caregiver’s and child’s caries prevalence among disadvantaged African Americans
Authors: Reisine S. , Tellez M. , Willem J. , Sohn W. , Ismail A. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract –  Objective:  To assess the relationship between African‐American caregivers’ and children’s caries levels adjusting for sociodemographic factors.Methods:  A representative sample of 1021 children (0–5 years) and their caregivers were recruited using a stratified two‐stage area probability sample of households in Detroit. The response rate was 73.7%. Caries was measured using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Caries was defined as D1S/d1s (noncavitated) or D2S/d2s (cavitated lesions) for both caregivers and children. Sociodemographic data included caregivers’ employment status, sex, age, income and education. Negative binomial regression techniques were used for the multivariable analyses because of the highly skewed distribution of caries among the children.Results:  48% of the children were male, 39% had employed caregivers, 46% had caregivers with less than a high school education and 44% had family incomes less than $10 000. A total of 47% of the children had at least one noncavitated lesion and 31% had a cavitated lesion. Younger children (ages 0–3 years) had lower caries rates with 24% having one or more noncavitated lesion,18% having a cavitated lesion and 31% with any lesion compared with 78%, 51% and 81%, respectively, among the 4‐ to 5‐year olds. Because of these differences in prevalence in the age groups, subsequent analyses were conducted separately for the two age groups. Multivariable analyses found that the number of cavitated surfaces among the caregivers was significantly related to the number of cavitated and noncavitated lesions among their children for both age groups. The prevalence of children’s caries increased with increasing caregivers’ caries score when demographic characteristics of caregivers were controlled. Younger children with family incomes of less than $10 000 had a significantly increased risk of higher caries prevalence compared with children in families with incomes greater than or equal to $20 000.Conclusions:  Caregivers’ caries levels were modestly correlated with children’s caries. However, higher caries prevalence among caregivers significantly increased the risk of caries prevalence among their children. Thus, efforts aimed at improving caregiver’s oral health could result in reducing caries risk among their children, regardless of whether the mechanism was biologically or behaviorally based. Efforts also should be aimed directly at reducing caries risk among children by increasing fluoride exposure among children and improving access to preventive dental care. Finally, even the poorest of the poor experienced additional health disadvantages associated with income suggesting even small increases in family income raising families could have a significant effect on reducing caries risk among young children.
Testing the applicability of a conceptual model of oral health in housebound edentulous older people
Authors: Baker Sarah R. , Pearson Nicola K. , Robinson Peter G. 
Published: September 2007

Abstract –  Objectives:  The aim of the study was to test prospectively Wilson and Cleary’s (1) conceptual model of the direct and mediated pathways between symptom burden, functional status and health perceptions in relation to the oral health of housebound elderly edentulous people.Methods:  The data were collected as part of a community based randomized control trial of a domiciliary denture service for older people. Measures of self‐reported symptoms, functional status and global oral and general health perceptions were collected from 133 participants prior to treatment and at 3‐month follow‐up.Results:  The results indicated support for the dominant direct and indirect pathways within the model; worse patient reported symptoms predicted a lower functional status; worse daily functioning predicted lower global oral health perceptions. In addition, the impact of symptom status on oral health perceptions was mediated by patient reported functioning. The treatment (domiciliary denture service) significantly improved functional status and global oral health perceptions. All relationships were significant prospectively that is, from baseline, prior to the intervention, to 3‐month follow‐up, with the exception of between symptoms functioning.Conclusion:  The results support Wilson and Cleary’s conceptual model of patient outcomes as applied to elderly edentulous people. They highlight the importance of assessing a range of patient‐orientated variables in order to help gain a greater understanding of how oral health impacts on individuals’ daily lives and well‐being. Further conceptual development of the model is discussed, particularly the role of individual difference factors.
Oral health‐related quality of life in a birth cohort of 32‐year olds
Authors: Lawrence Herenia P. , Thomson W. Murray , Broadbent Jonathan M. , Poulton Richie 
Published: September 2007

Abstract –  Objectives:  To describe oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) among New Zealand adults and assess the relationship between clinical measures of oral health status and a well‐established OHRQoL measure, controlling for sex, socioeconomic status (SES) and use of dental services.Methods:  A birth cohort of 924 dentate adults (participants in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study) was systematically examined for dental caries, tooth loss, and periodontal attachment loss (CAL) at age 32 years. OHRQoL was measured using the 14‐item Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP‐14). The questionnaire also collected data on each study member’s occupation, self‐rated oral health and reasons for seeing a dental care provider. SES was determined from each individual’s occupation at age 32 years.Results:  The mean total OHIP‐14 score was 8.0 (SD 8.1); 23.4% of the cohort reported one or more OHIP problems ‘fairly often’ or ‘very often’. When the prevalence of impacts ‘fairly/very often’ was modeled using logistic regression, having untreated caries, two or more sites with CAL of 4+ mm and 1 or more teeth missing by age 32 years remained significantly associated with OHRQoL, after adjusting for sex and ‘episodic’ dental care. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression determined that being in the low SES group was also associated with the mean number of impacts (extent) and the rated severity of impacts.Conclusions:  OHIP‐14 scores were significantly associated with clinical oral health status indicators, independently of sex and socioeconomic inequalities in oral health. The prevalence of impacts (23.4%) in the cohort was significantly greater than age‐ and sex‐standardized estimates from Australia (18.2%) and the UK (15.9%).
Preliminary development and validation of the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale*
Authors: Ohrbach Richard , Granger Carl , List Thomas , Dworkin Samuel 
Published: September 2007

Abstract –  Objective:  Functional limitation is a construct distinct from disability, but the distinction between these constructs is often blurred when measuring jaw status because of content overlap in measurement instruments that include items pertaining to mechanical jaw functions, jaw functions that have obvious social implications, and only social functions. We describe analyses in support of assessing functional limitation as distinct from disability by using both factor analysis and the Rasch measurement model in reanalyzing two existing instruments and then create a preliminary version of a new instrument that has excellent psychometric properties.Study Design and Setting:  Subjects in three separate studies from two university settings completed two existing self‐report instruments (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and Mandibular Functional Impairment Questionnaire). Rasch methodology, factor analysis, and the combination of both were used in these analyses. Unidimensionality, in support of an instrument assessing a single construct, was also assessed.Results:  Problems identified in the existing instruments included scaling, internal reliability, length, unidimensionality, and content validity; the preliminary version of the Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) resolves these problems critical to delineating functional limitation and it exhibits internal reliability coefficients of 0.82 for persons and 0.99 for items. Construct validity, via convergent and discriminant validity with other associated constructs, of the JFLS was established via low correlations with depression, anxiety, somatization, pain interference, pain‐free opening, and palpation sensitivity, and via moderate correlations with pain and jaw symptoms.Conclusion:  While areas of further development are outlined, we conclude that this preliminary version of the JFLS is a valid instrument for the measurement of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)‐related functional limitation, and consequently delineates functional limitation from disability.