bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of targeted therapies in the adjuvant setting of early breast cancer in men: real-world data from a population-based registry
Authors: Frevert M. L. , Dannehl D. , Jansen L. , Hermann S. , Schäffler H. , Huwer S. , Janni W. , Juhasz-Böss I. , Hartkopf A. D. , Taran F.-A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Following the positive iDFS and OS results of the phase III clinical trials monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA, new oral anticancer agents (the CDK4/6 inhibitors abemaciclib, ribociclib as well as the PARP inhibitor olaparib) have recently been introduced into the treatment of high-risk early breast cancer (eBC). However, only few male patients were included in these trials (0.4%, 0.6% and 0.3%, respectively). The objective of this real-world analysis was to determine the proportion of male patients with eBC fulfilling the clinical high-risk criteria of above-mentioned trials.

Patients and methods
We conducted a data inquiry and analysis with the Cancer Registry of Baden-Württemberg of men with breast cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2021. Men with eBC were identified and the number of patients at clinical high-risk according to the inclusion criteria of monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA was assessed.

Results
Of 397 men with eBC, 354 (89.1%) had a HR + /Her2− and 4 (1.0%) a triple-negative subtype. 84 patients (21.2%) met the clinical high-risk criteria according to the monarchE, 189 (47.6%) those according to the NATALEE and 50 (12.6%) those according to the OlympiA trial.

Conclusion
In a large real-world sample, more men with eBC are at clinical high risk according to the inclusion criteria of monarchE, NATALEE and OlympiA than would be expected in women. This is most likely due to more advanced stages at initial diagnosis in men. To evaluate whether CDK4/6 and PARP inhibitors improve prognosis also in men should be the topic of future real- world analyses.
Occurrence of hyperoxia during iNO treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a cohort study
Authors: de Jager Justine , Brouwer Fleur , Reijman Jeroen , van der Palen Roel L. F. , Steggerda Sylke J. , Visser Remco , te Pas Arjan B. , Dekker Janneke 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigh concentrations of oxygen are often needed to optimize oxygenation in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), but this can also increase the risk of hyperoxemia. We determined the occurrence of hyperoxemia in infants treated for PPHN. Medical records of infants ≥ 34 + 0 weeks gestational age (GA) who received inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) were retrospectively reviewed for oxygenation parameters during iNO therapy. Oxygen was manually titrated to target arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) 10–13 kPa and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) 92–98%. The main study outcomes were the incidence and duration of hyperoxemia and hypoxemia and the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2). A total of 181 infants were included. The median FiO2 was 0.43 (IQR 0.34–0.56) and the maximum FiO2 was 1.0 in 156/181 (86%) infants, resulting in at least one PaO2 > 13 kPa in 149/181 (82%) infants, of which 46/149 (31%) infants had minimal one PaO2 > 30 kPa. SpO2 was > 98% in 179/181 (99%) infants for 17.7% (8.2–35.6%) of the iNO time. PaO2 < 10 kPa occurred in 160/181 (88%) infants, of which 81/160 (51%) infants had minimal one PaO2 < 6.7 kPa. SpO2 was < 92% in 169/181 (93%) infants for 1.6% (0.5–4.3%) of the iNO time. Conclusion: While treatment of PPHN is focused on preventing and reversing hypoxemia, hyperoxemia occurs inadvertently in most patients.

What is Known:• High concentrations of oxygen are often needed to prevent hypoxemia-induced deterioration of PPHN, but this can also increase the risk of hyperoxemia.• Infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension may be particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of oxygen, and hyperoxemia could further induce pulmonary vasoconstriction, potentially worsening the condition.

What is New:• Hyperoxemia occurs in the majority of infants with PPHN during treatment with iNO.• Infants with PPHN spent a considerably longer period with saturations above the target range compared to saturations below the target range.
Differences Between Farmers and Crop Protection Service Providers in the Use of Pesticides
Authors: Heinzl Andreas , Braun Roman , Köppl Hubert , Pöchtrager Siegfried , Steinkellner Siegrid 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEU-wide statistics on the use of pesticides in agriculture are available on the quantities placed on the market, but data on actual use in practice are limited. In this study, comparative data on pesticide use and resistance management were collected for a region with mixed agriculture (arable and animal husbandry) in Austria. Based on individual pesticide records of 30 farmers and 10 service providers who perform plant protection tasks for 30 farms, the average application rates of pesticides, the change of the active substance group as well as the shortfalls and exceedances of the maximum permissible application rate were compared. Most farmers and service providers usually make a well-considered change in the group of active substances to avoid the development of resistance. Exceedances and underdosing of authorised application rates were found for both groups of people, with farmers tending to deviate more often. The applications amounts were largely in compliance with the law, however, in 3.69% of the 2387 evaluated uses of pesticides, the authorised application rate was exceeded. This excess was found somewhat more frequently among farmers than service providers. The application rate excesses can be attributed to technical overruns due to differences between actually farmed and formally declared area, confusion caused by complex application instructions but also by intention. To avoid inadequate information on authorised application rates and to simplify information gathering, the development of databases and apps that take into account not only the indisputably essential aspect of correct registration, but especially the user and user-friendliness, would be of great benefit and value. Packaging sizes adapted to different requirements and farm sizes would also be advantageous. High priority should be given to the technical training of users and sales personnel. This can contribute to higher professionalism in the use of pesticides in terms of compliance and resistance management, but also to the reduction of pesticides.
Economic keywords in political communications and financial markets
Authors: Ficcadenti Valerio , Cerqueti Roy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the interplay between the use of economically significant keywords in political speeches—indicative of their economic content—and observed trends in financial markets. To this end, we implement a statistical/bibliometric study on the speeches stated by the US Presidents and the Standard and Poor’s 500 index (S &P 500). The corpus covers 1951-2017, including 376 discourses. The S &P 500 daily returns, prices, and volumes are considered in the same period. Our analysis utilises Kendall’s $$\tau $$
τ
correlation to assess the relationship between S &P 500 variables and the frequency of economic terms in the speeches. Additionally, four distance measures are applied to evaluate the similarities among these time series. Lastly, we compare Shannon entropies computed for each variable. The values of the index are observed the day before, the same day, and the day after the Presidents conducted their speeches. The joint evaluation of the results shows that the speeches’ economic content and the S &P 500 volume have the most meaningful relationship. In particular, the volume shows some changes interrelated to the speeches before and after the days of the talks. The price has similar behaviour but with a lighter magnitude than volume. The daily returns are poorly responsive to the speeches’ economic content, but entropy suggests that they present some distributional similarities.
Teacher educators’ use of mind mapping in the development of TPACK in a technology-rich learning environment
Authors: Theodorio Adedayo Olayinka , Mataka Tawanda Wallace , Shambare Brian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSince 2020, teaching has gone through substantive transformation. Teacher educators have been compelled to reevaluate their instructional strategies and the use of technology to deliver effective training for pre-service teachers. The year 2020 escalated the use of teaching strategies that relied on technology as a crucial tool in all teaching processes. Moreover, from the year 2020 and onwards, teacher educators’ knowledge of teaching, curriculum, and technology has been transformed to align with the new teaching and learning requirements for creating and delivering instruction in teacher education. However, little is mentioned in studies on how teacher educators think about lesson activities, especially how they map out instructional pathways and technology integration in a technology-rich environment. It is against this backdrop that this study uses qualitative and interpretive paradigms to investigate teacher educators’ use of mind-mapping for instructional practices in a technology-rich environment. The objective was to understand how they develop or prioritize the development of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Six participants were purposively selected based on the criteria that the participants must use mind-mapping to plan lesson activities and integrate technology into the lesson, reflect on the instructional process, and allow the researchers to observe their classroom teaching engagements. Data was generated and collected using journal reflections, observations, and document analysis. The findings showed that the teacher educators made use of mind-mapping in the preparation of lesson activities and created rubrics using mind-mapping. They also used self-made video podcasts and integrated videos in lesson activities and mind-mapped assessment pathways with technology. From the narrations shared by the participants, the use of mind-mapping opened new strategies of planning, teaching, and assessing instruction with technology to develop technological pedagogical content knowledge.
Firms’ Bond Market Access and Impact on Bank Borrowing Costs
Authors: Thia Jang Ping , Kong Xinyu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper documents that companies with bond issuance are larger, are more leveraged, and have higher financing needs, but have lower observed syndicated loan spreads. Using endogenous treatment and outcome estimations, we find that companies would potentially face an average of 114 to 185 basis points (bps) higher loan spreads in counterfactual absence of bond market access, significantly larger than observational difference (57 bps) or existing estimates in the literature. This finding underscores the importance of bond markets for corporate financing and overcoming lending constraints or market power of banks, and also casts doubt on valued banking services as the explanation why loans are more costly to bonds. We also find bond issuance as information release a partial explanation only.
Cuticular Hydrocarbon Profiles of Himalayan Bumble Bees (Hymenoptera: Bombus Latreille) are Species-Specific and Show Elevational Variation
Authors: Narah Jaya , Streinzer Martin , Chakravorty Jharna , Megu Karsing , Spaethe Johannes , Brockmann Axel , Schmitt Thomas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBumble bees are important pollinators in natural environments and agricultural farmlands, and they are in particular adapted to harsh environments like high mountain habitats. In these environments, animals are exposed to low temperature and face the risk of desiccation. The Eastern Himalayas are one of the recognized biodiversity hotspots worldwide. The area covers subtropical rainforest with warm temperature and high precipitation as well as high mountain ranges with peaks reaching up to 7,000 m, shaping a diverse floral and faunal community at the different elevational zones. To identify possible adaptation strategies, we investigated the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of four bumble bee species occurring at different elevational ranges in Arunachal Pradesh, the northeastern most state in India. At 17 locations along an elevational gradient, we collected workers of two species from lower elevations (B. albopleuralis and B. breviceps; ~ 100 m − 3,000 m asl) and two species from higher elevations (B. prshewalskyi and B. mirus; ~ 2,800 m − 4,500 m asl). The CHC profiles of all four species showed a significant degree of variation in the composition of hydrocarbons, indicating species specificity. We also found clear correlation with elevation. The weighted mean chain length of the hydrocarbons significantly differed between the low and high elevation species, and the proportion of saturated hydrocarbons in CHC profiles significantly increased with the elevational range of the bumble bee species. Our results indicate that bumble bees living at high elevations reduce the risk of water loss by adapting their CHC composition on their cuticle, a phenomenon that has also been found in other insects like ants and fruit flies.
Sustainable Institutions: How to Secure Values
Authors: Hindriks Frank 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSocial sustainability plays a prominent role in the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals, but a proper analysis of the concept is still lacking. According to a widespread conception, a system is sustainable when it is preserved or developed in a robust manner. I argue, however, that social sustainability is best understood in explicitly normative terms. Formulating suitable development goals requires a conception of the kind of society that is worth sustaining. I propose that, for a system to be socially sustainable is for it to secure a range of values, including justice. Furthermore, I argue that social sustainability is first and foremost a property of institutions. I go on to ask what it takes for an institution to secure values and why justice is so important for institutions. The answers culminate in a social sustainability framework, which explains why making institutions more sustainable is so challenging.
Vortex Depinning in a Two-Dimensional Superfluid
Authors: Liu I.-Kang , Prasad Srivatsa B. , Baggaley Andrew W. , Barenghi Carlo F. , Wood Toby S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe employ the Gross–Pitaevskii theory to model a quantized vortex depinning from a small obstacle in a two-dimensional superfluid due to an imposed background superfluid flow. We find that, when the flow’s velocity exceeds a critical value, the vortex drifts orthogonally to the flow before subsequently moving parallel to it away from the pinning site. The motion of the vortex around the pinning site is also accompanied by an emission of a spiral-shaped sound pulse. Through simulations, we present a phase diagram of the critical flow velocity for vortex depinning together with an empirical formula that illustrates how the critical velocity increases with the height and width of the pinning site. By employing a variety of choices of initial and boundary conditions, we are able to obtain lower and upper bounds on the critical velocity and demonstrate the robustness of these results.
KP solitons and the Riemann theta functions
Authors: Kodama Yuji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe show that the $$\tau $$
τ
-functions of the regular KP solitons from the totally nonnegative Grassmannians can be expressed by the Riemann theta functions on singular curves. We explicitly write the parameters in the Riemann theta function in terms of those of the KP soliton. We give a short remark on the Prym theta function on a double covering of singular curves. We also discuss the KP soliton on quasi-periodic background, which is obtained by applying the vertex operators to the Riemann theta function.
Calculating High-Pressure PAO4 Viscosity with Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Kruse Lars B. , Falk Kerstin , Moseler Michael 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of optimized lubricants is hindered by missing knowledge of fluid properties, in particular the viscosity, in the range of extreme pressures and temperatures relevant for application. Molecular dynamics simulations can be used to calculate viscosity, but the necessary computational effort imposes practical limits for high viscosities. In this study, the viscosity of PAO4 oil was extracted from equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations as a function of pressure and temperature reaching viscosities up to 20 Pas. Three calculation methods based on different microscopic expressions for the viscosity were used. The methods exhibit considerably different performance with respect to preciseness and computational efficiency. The highest viscosities were found to be calculated most efficiently via the Stokes–Einstein relation, by computing the diffusion coefficient from the velocity correlation function. This offers a new, more effective route to push viscosity calculations in equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to higher pressure systems.
Graphical Abstract
Waste Viscose for Optically pure Lactic acid Production
Authors: Campos Joana , Bågenholm-Ruuth Edvin , Sanchis-Sebastiá Miguel , Bao Jie , Wallberg Ola 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecycling of textile fibers is a mandatory step in the life-cycle of fabrics to avoid incineration or landfilling. After fiber-to-fiber recycling, cellulose fiber saccharification opens the door to the production of biochemical building blocks through microbial fermentation. This study documents for the first time the production of optically pure D-lactic acid (D-LA), one of the precursors of polylactic acid (PLA), from post-consumer waste viscose. Enzymatic hydrolysis was applied to white and colored waste viscose to produce two glucose-rich solutions that were used as carbon source for the genetically modified Pediococcus acidilactici ZP26. Afterward, batch and fed-batch cultivations were conducted with very similar results for the control and both waste viscose hydrolysates (white and colored). The strain was able to produce D-LA without any signs of inhibition by possibly toxic compounds present in the recycled textiles (additives, dyes, and other contaminants). The highest D-LA concentration and yield was reached in the batch reactors with colored waste viscose at 42.4 g/L and 0.97 g/g, respectively. In the fed-batch cultivations, the best result was achieved with the white waste solution, with 59.5 g of D-LA (40.8 g/L), and a yield on total glucose of 0.70 g/g. Notwithstanding the need for more research in the utilization of saccharified waste viscose as carbon source for bioprocesses, this is an important proof of concept of an application of streams from tertiary recycling of cellulosic fibers in the production of platform biochemicals.
Graphical Abstract
Cyclosporin A-loaded dissolving microneedles for dermatitis therapy: Development, characterisation and efficacy in a delayed-type hypersensitivity in vivo model
Authors: Martínez-Navarrete Miquel , Guillot Antonio José , Lobita Maria C. , Recio María Carmen , Giner Rosa , Aparicio-Blanco Juan , Montesinos María Carmen , Santos Hélder A. , Melero Ana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSeveral drugs can be used for treating inflammatory skin pathologies like dermatitis and psoriasis. However, for the management of chronic and long-term cases, topical administration is preferred over oral delivery since it prevents certain issues due to systemic side effects from occurring. Cyclosporin A (CsA) has been used for this purpose; however, its high molecular weight (1202 Da) restricts the diffusion through the skin structure. Here, we developed a nano-in-micro device combining lipid vesicles (LVs) and dissolving microneedle array patches (DMAPs) for targeted skin delivery. CsA-LVs allowed the effective incorporation of CsA in the hydrophilic DMAP matrix despite the hydrophobicity of the drug. Polymeric matrix composed of poly (vinyl alcohol) (5% w/v), poly (vinyl pyrrolidine) (15% w/v) and CsA-LV dispersion (10% v/v) led to the formation of CsA-LVs@DMAPs with adequate mechanical properties to penetrate the stratum corneum barrier. The safety and biocompatibility were ensured in an in vitro viability test using HaCaT keratinocytes and L929 fibroblast cell lines. Ex vivo permeability studies in a Franz-diffusion cell setup showed effective drug retention in the skin structure. Finally, CsA-LVs@DMAPs were challenged in an in vivo murine model of delayed-type hypersensitivity to corroborate their potential to ameliorate skin inflammatory conditions. Different findings like photon emission reduction in bioluminescence study, normalisation of histological damage and decrease of inflammatory cytokines point out the effectivity of CsA-LVs@DMAPs to treat these conditions. Overall, our study demonstrates that CsA-LVs@DMAPs can downregulate the skin inflammatory environment which paves the way for their clinical translation and their use as an alternative to corticosteroid-based therapies.
Graphical Abstract
Generalized Cesàro operators in weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions with sup-norms
Authors: Albanese Angela A. , Bonet José , Ricker Werner J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn investigation is made of the generalized Cesàro operators $$C_t$$

C
t

, for $$t\in [0,1]$$

t
∈
[
0
,
1
]

, when they act on the space $$H({{\mathbb {D}}})$$

H
(
D
)

of holomorphic functions on the open unit disc $${{\mathbb {D}}}$$
D
, on the Banach space $$H^\infty $$

H
∞

of bounded analytic functions and on the weighted Banach spaces $$H_v^\infty $$

H
v
∞

and $$H_v^0$$

H
v
0

with their sup-norms. Of particular interest are the continuity, compactness, spectrum and point spectrum of $$C_t$$

C
t

as well as their linear dynamics and mean ergodicity.
An Updated View of the Effect of Probiotic Supplement on Sports Performance: A Detailed Review
Authors: Aykut Miray Nur , Erdoğan Esma Nur , Çelik Menşure Nur , Gürbüz Murat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Modulation of the host microbiota through probiotics has been shown to have beneficial effects on health in the growing body of research. Exercise increases the amount and diversity of beneficial microorganisms in the host microbiome. Although low- and moderate-intensity exercise has been shown to reduce physiological stress and improve immune function, high-intensity prolonged exercise can suppress immune function and reduce microbial diversity due to intestinal hypoperfusion. The effect of probiotic supplementation on sports performance is still being studied; however, questions remain regarding the mechanisms of action, strain used, and dose. In this review, the aim was to investigate the effects of probiotic supplements on exercise performance through modulation of gut microbiota and alleviation of GI symptoms, promotion of the immune system, bioavailability of nutrients, and aerobic metabolism.

Recent Findings
Probiotic supplementation may improve sports performance by reducing the adverse effects of prolonged high-intensity exercise.

Summary
Although probiotics have been reported to have positive effects on sports performance, information about the microbiome and nutrition of athletes has not been considered in most current studies. This may have limited the evaluation of the effects of probiotic supplementation on sports performance.