bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural comparison of rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid synovial fibroblasts grown in tissue culture
Authors: Wynne‐Roberts C. Rosales , Castor C. William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen rheumatoid and seven nonrheumatoid tissue culture strains of synovial fibroblasts were studied biochemically and by electron microscopy. No obvious differences in the ultrastructure of the rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid cell strains were detected. Acid phosphatase and β‐glucuronidase measurements were similar in the two groups. No morphologic evidence of an infectious agent was found in any of the cell strains. The diverse morphology found in both groups of cells is described.
Serum anti‐immunoglobulins in psoriatic arthritis as compared with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tapanes Francisco J. , Rawson Arnold J. , Hollander Joseph L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum anti‐immunoglobulins of IgG, IgA and IgM types were measured in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, patients with psoriatic arthritis, and normal subjects by absorption on cross‐linked IgG, with subsequent elution. Relatively elevated values of all three types of serum anti‐immunoglobulins were found in seropositive rheumatoids, and elevated values of anti‐immunoglobulins of the IgG type were found in seronegative rheumatoids. Values in patients with psoriatic arthritis fell within the normal range.
Development of malignant cerebral lymphoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with immunosuppression
Authors: Lipsmeyer Eleanor A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA young woman with a clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was treated with corticosteroids and azathioprine. Within nine months, she died of a cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma. Previous reports of lymphoma in patients with systemic rheumatic or “autoimmune disease” and in homograft patients undergoing immunosuppression are discussed. A mechanism of recording cases of malignancy in systemic rheumatic disease occurring both with and without immunosuppression is advocated.
Therapeutic studies in NZB/W mice. II. Relative efficacy of azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone
Authors: Gelfand Michael C. , Steinberg Alfred D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFive‐month‐old female NZB/W mice were treated with daily injections of azathioprine, cyclophosphamide or methylprednisolone. Treatment was continued for 2 or 3 months at different dosages. Renal histology, proteinuria, antibodies to DNA and survival were studied. All drugs were found to modify the disease favorably. At low doses (1.5 mg/kg/day) azathioprine was most effective. Cyclophosphamide was superior at higher doses (4.5 mg/kg/day). Different two‐drug combinations were also compared. The combination of cyclophosphamide plus methylprednisolone was most effective. Combined therapy increased survival without increasing toxicity.
Epidemiologic studies of serum uric acid levels among micronesians
Authors: Reed Dwayne , Labarthe Darwin , Stallones Reuel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractData from epidemiologic studies of Chamorro and Palauan populations of Micronesia were analyzed for associations of serum uric acid levels with other characteristics of the populations. The mean serum uric acid levels for those groups were significantly higher than those reported for Western populations, but the frequency distribution patterns were similar, being unimodal and slightly skewed toward higher values. Analysis by geographic subgroups showed differences in mean serum uric acid levels, but those differences did not follow any pattern of association with sociocultural indices. There was a general association of serum uric acid levels with total daily caloric intakes. Correlation analysis of individual characteristics indicated that serum uric acid levels were positively associated with measures of blood pressure, obesity and serum triglyceride levels. There was no consistent association with serum cholesterol or glucose levels, electrocardiogram abnormalities, smoking habits or measures of occupation, education or sociocultural attitudes. The overall impression was that, except for a possible dietary influence, the risk of hyperuricemia was more strongly associated with being a Micronesian than with geographic residence or life style.
Azathioprine in Rheumatoid Arthritis A Double‐Blind, Cross‐Over Study
Authors: Urowitz Murray B. , Gordon Duncan A. , Smythe Hugh A. , Pruzanski Waldemar , Ogryzlo Metro A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis resistant to conventional therapy were treated in a double‐blind, cross‐over study with azathioprine (2.0 to 2.5 mg/kg/day) and placebo for two 16‐week periods. Patients receiving azathioprine showed significant improvement in articular index, joint count, grip strength and effusions, manifest by 6 weeks but greater at 16 weeks. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and latex titer did not change. White blood cell counts decreased on azathioprine, but normal counts did not preclude a response. Rash, nausea and hair thinning occurred in only 4 patients.
Inhibition of mixed leukocyte culture responses by serum and γ‐globulin fractions from certain patients with connective tissue disorders
Authors: Williams Ralph C. , Lies Richard B. , Messner Ronald P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera and IgG fractions from normal subjects as well as patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus were added to mixed leukocyte reactions (MLC) in an attempt to study the effects on cell‐to‐cell interactions in such systems. Seven and seven‐tenths percent of 52 RA sera and 26% of 27 SLE sera showed suppression of MLC reactivity. MLC suppression appeared to be localized to IgG serum fractions separated by DEAE chromatography. This suppressive effect showed a strong correlation with presence of lymphocytotoxic antibody in individual sera.
IV. Joint erosion in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Krane Stephen M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn rheumatoid arthritis, destruction of the collagenous structures that comprise the joint is associated with proliferation of synovial lining cells. Erosion of cartilage, bone, and soft connective tissue occurs predominantly in areas adjacent to these cells and the collagen of these tissues is susceptible to degradation at neutral pH by collagenase from the proliferating cells. The collagen fragments thus solubilized are further broken down by other proteases. Cartilage collagen is attacked more slowly by synovial collagenase than are soft tissue collagens, presumably due to its particular primary structure and post‐translational modifications of this primary structure. Proteoglycans are degraded probably by proteolytic attack on the protein backbone. The inorganic mineral phase of bone prevents collagenolytic attack on bone matrix; mechanisms of mineral dissolution may include a local decrease in pH and release of substances such as prostaglandins from the inflammatory cells. The degradation of each structural component results in specific alterations in form and function of the joint.
Gonococcal arthritis. Clinical features correlated with blood, synovial fluid and genitourinary cultures
Authors: Brandt Kenneth D. , Cathcart Edgar S. , Cohen Alan S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe clinical picture was analyzed in 31 patients with acute arthritis and proven gonococcal infection. Patients with positive blood cultures and those with positive synovial fluid cultures were mutually exclusive. However, these two groups were indistinguishable on the basis of mean duration of illness prior to initial examination, the number of joints involved or the magnitude of synovial fluid leukocytosis. Notably, features that have been particularly associated with gonococcemia—eg, chills, a migratory polyarticular prodrome and typical skin lesions, were present in most cases. Thus, on clinical grounds none of the patients in the present series could be clearly categorized into either the bacteremic or septic joint syndromes of gonococcal arthritis.
Hemarthrosis as the presenting manifestation of myeloproliferative disease
Authors: Harris Benjamin K. , Ross H. Arlene 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn evaluating a patient with hemarthrosis, it is customary to consider trauma, neoplasm (1,2), infection, and coagulation abnormalities in the differential diagnosis. Hemorrhagic effusions are also seen with neuropathic joints (3), and recent reports have linked hemarthrosis to the pseudogout syndrome (4), sickle trait (5), and metallic joint prostheses (6). We have just had the opportunity to study 2 patients in whom painful hemarthrosis was the presenting manifestation of a myeloproliferative syndrome.
Vasculitis of the breast. An unusual manifestation of polyarteritis
Authors: Dega Francis J. , Hunder Gene G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 72‐year‐old woman had a tender breast mass due to arteritis. A diagnosis of polyarteritis rather than cranial or focal arteritis (as suspected in previously reported similar cases) was indicated by a muscle biopsy, which showed arteritis, and a temporal artery biopsy, which was normal.
Chondrocalcinosis in elderly persons
Authors: Ellman Michael H. , Levin Bertram 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐eight elderly people were surveyed for chondrocalcinosis with knee, hip and pelvic roent‐genograms using Type M industrial x‐ray film. Chondrocalcinosis was found in 16 subjects (27.6%), an incidence greater than reported in previous studies. Roentgenograms of the knees alone showed the presence of chondrocalcinosis in 15 subjects. Varus deformity of the knees, increased wrist complaints and wrist involvement with clinical arthritis were significantly more common in subjects with chondrocalcinosis. Symptoms associated with acute inflammatory arthritis were not more common in people with chondrocalcinosis.
The effect of cyclophosphamide on b and t lymphocytes in patients with connective tissue diseases
Authors: Hurd Eric R. , Giuliano V. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAbsolute numbers of B (IgG‐, IgM‐, and IgA‐staining) and T lymphocytes (sheep erythrocyte rosette‐forming cells) were determined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases in cyclophosphamide‐treated and noncyclo‐phosphamide‐treated patients and in control subjects. In patients receiving cyclophosphamide, all three types of immunoglobulin‐staining varieties of circulating B lymphocytes were significantly decreased. At the same time the circulating T lymphocytes were also significantly reduced. In patients with scleroderma trcated with therapeutic doses of cyclophosphamide and studied sequentially, the reduction in B lymphocytes oc‐curred first, with eventual depletion of both cell types. In 2 patients, an early rebound increase in T cells occurred followed by a marked reduction. These data indicate that the immunosuppressive effects of cyclophosphamide may be associated with a reduction in both cell types.
Hydralazine therapy in hypertensive patients with idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Reza Michael J. , Dornfeld Leslie , Goldberg Leonard S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeven hypertensive patients with idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus were treated with hydralazine. They received a mean daily dose of 203 mg for a mean duration of 21 months. All were taking prednisone alone or in combination with azathioprine. During therapy with hydralazine, there were no new symptoms nor exacerbation of pre‐existing symptoms attributable to systemic lupus. Laboratory parameters, including antinuclear antibody titers and complement levels, either improved or remained stable. The results indicate that hydralazine can be safely used in hypertensive patients with systemic lupus who are receiving concomitant immunosuppressive therapy.
Connective tissue activation
Authors: Castor C. William , Scott Mary E. , Ritchie James C. , Harnsberger Sandra C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlpha‐ and beta‐adrenergic blocking agents and imipramine inhibit the increased hyaluronate synthesis that may be induced in human synovial cultures by connective tissue activating peptide (CTAP). Considerations of drug concentration requirements, actions of analogues, and time studies all indicate that the adrenergic blockers do not act in this circumstance as conventional blockers of alpha or beta receptor sites. It is suggested that the membrane‐stabilizing properties of these agents may be the important determinant for their limited “antiactivation” effect. Ethacrynic acid, a potent and more complete inhibitor of connective tissue activation, appears to act via a different mechanism.
Electron microscopic studies of the cartilage‐pannus junction in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kobayashi Ikuo , Ziff Morris 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe junction between pannus and cartilage was examined in the rheumatoid joint. Three types of cartilage‐pannus junction were observed. In one, proliferating small blood vessels, surrounded by highly cellular infiltrates, penetrated deeply into the cartilage. Degeneration of the cartilage was observed around the cellular accumulations. In the second, phagocytic and fibroblastic cells invaded the cartilage. In the third, fibrous pannus overlay the cartilage. Lysis of cartilage by infiltrating cells appeared to be a major cause of cartilage erosion in rheumatoid arthritis.
Effect of topical administration of antiinflammatory drugs to rats with adjuvant arthritis
Authors: Heilman Richard D. , Reo Richard R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOral or intramuscular administration of antiinflammatory agents produces numerous undesirable side effects. This work explores the hypothesis that topical administration of such agents directly to the site of inflammation would have beneficial antiinflammatory effects. Topical administration of steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs to rats with adjuvant arthritis was as effective as oral or intramuscular administration. Peak blood levels of radioactivity following administration of equal doses of hydrocortisone‐3H were considerably lower after topical administration than after oral administration.
Effect of complement and polymorphonuclear leukocyte depletion on experimental skin lesions resembling systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Natali P. G. , Mottolese M. , Nicotra M. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractImmunopathologic cutaneous lesions resembling human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be induced in mice sensitized to ultraviolet (UV)‐irradiated DNA following whole body irradiation with UV light. The lesions are characterized by the formation of immune complexes at different skin sites. The role played by cellular and humoral mediators in the pathogenesis of this experimental model was investigated. The results obtained suggest that inflammation that follows UV radiation is the major factor responsible for this pathology. Accordingly mice that were rendered neutrophil (PMN) deficient did not manifest skin lesions, and depletion of C3 complement component left them unchanged. In addition time course studies showed that PMN depletion did not prevent a delayed skin involvement. Thus multiple factors seem to mediate the onset of the immunopathologic changes previously described.
Detection by counterimmunoelectrophoresis of pneumococcal antigen in synovial fluid from septic arthritis
Authors: Dorff Gerald J. , Ziolkowski James S. , Rytel Michael W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPneumococcal antigen type 20 has been identified by counterimmunoelectrophoresis in synovial fluid of a case of septic arthritis in a patient with underlying rheumatoid arthritis. The titer of antigen was high: 1:400. Implications of this finding in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of septic arthritis are discussed.
Specific detection and semiquantitation of microorganisms in tissue by nucleic acid hybridization. II. Investigation of synovia from pigs with chronic erysipelothrix arthritis
Authors: Steinman Charles R. , Hsu Konrad 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial tissues from animals with chronic Erysipelothrix arthritis were examined by a technique based on RNA‐DNA hybridization in an attempt to detect the inducing organism, Erysipelothrix insidiosa (EI). Twelve synovial specimens from 5 animals whose joints lacked culturable EI also lacked EI detectable by this technique. Because the technique is capable of detecting approximately one organism per 50 mammalian cells, it is concluded that no more than this number were present in the involved tissue. Implications of these results for proposed pathogenetic mechanisms in this disorder and in human rheumatoid arthritis are discussed.
Induction of peripheral blood lymphocyte transformation by autologous synovial fluid lymphocytes and synovial fluid
Authors: Crout James E. , McDuffie Frederic C. , Ritts Roy E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSynovial fluid lymphocytes and synovial fluid from most patients with rheumatoid arthritis induced blastogenesis of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes. In vitro transfer of the mitogenic activity of the synovial fluid to peripheral blood lymphocytes was not accomplished, but diminished response of the peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin stimulation after incubation in synovial fluid was demonstrated. These findings suggest that a similar blastogenic response in vivo may induce the lymphoid hyperplasia regularly observed in rheumatoid arthritis.
Mixed leukocyte reaction in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Keystone Edward C. , Gladman Dafna D. , Urowitz Murray B. , Clarke David A. , Falk Judy A. , Osoba David , Gordon Duncan A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) responses of 29 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were compared with those of 24 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Pools of stimulating cells were selected to include the major cross‐reacting HL‐A specificities. In pooled human serum the MLR response of the RA lymphocytes was significantly enhanced relative to the response controls (P < 0.05). In autologous serum there was suppression of the MLR response in patients with RA which correlated with disease activity. The data suggest the presence of an intrinsically enhanced cellular reactivity of RA lymphocytes suppressed by serologic factor(s). The mechanisms of this enhancement of suppression are discussed.
Immunologic observations on 9 sets of twins either concordant or discordant for SLE
Authors: Block Sidney R. , Lockshin Michael D. , Winfield John B. , Weksler Marc E. , Imamura Masakatsu , Winchester Robert J. , Mellors Robert C. , Christian Charles L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe influence of genetic and nongenetic factors on abnormalities of the immune response in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied in 9 sets of twins in which one or both twins had SLE. Particular emphasis was placed on contrasting the results between the sibs of 3 monozygotic pairs discordant for clinical SLE. Depression of cell‐mediated immunity, determined by lymphocyte blastogenic response to mitogens, was associated with the clinical expression of illness. In contrast, auto‐reactive antilymphocyte antibodies and lymphocyte tubuloreticular structures were found in both clinically affected and unaffected subjects and were more prominently associated with the presence of other serologic abnormalities. No evidence of antigens or cell surface determinants unique to affected sibs was encountered.
Articular manifestations of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in bronchogenic carcinoma. A clinical and pathologic study
Authors: Schumacher H. Ralph 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEight patients with bronchogenic carcinoma presented with painful joint effusions as part of the syndrome of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Elevated sedimentation rates and symptomatic relief with aspirin were common, but synovial fluids all had leukocyte counts less than 500/mm3. Synovial microvascular injury was found in all patients, and electron‐dense deposits in synovial vessel walls were identified in 5 cases. These vascular deposits suggest a role for circulating materials in pathogenesis.
Significance Of Persisting Serologic Abnormalities In SLE
Authors: Lightfoot Robert W. , Hughes Graham R. V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe significance of abnormal serum anti‐DNA and complement levels persisting in SLE patients on treatment has been explored. Instances when serologic abnormalities returned to normal were followed by a significantly longer mean duration of remission. When anti‐DNA persisted at abnormal levels, a more severe exacerbation was likely to follow, although this result was not the case for persisting hypocomplementemia. These data did not result from two variants of SLE, one mild and one severe, because duration of remission correlated directly with dosage of steroid. Randomly discovered abnormalities in anti‐DNA and complement levels were of limited predictive value, because they frequently persisted for over 1 year before exacerbations occurred. Hypocomplementemia resolved spontaneously without recognizable exacerbation in nearly half the observed instances.
Association between hla and cutaneous necrotizing venulitis
Authors: Glass David , Soter Nicholas A. , Gibson David , Carpenter C. B. , Schur Peter H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA group of patients has been identified with cutaneous necrotizing venulitis (vasculitis). These patients, some with concomitant connective tissue disorders, have skin lesions that separate them from the arteritis commonly described as rheumatoid vasculitis. HLA typing has been performed on 31 of these unrelated patients with cutaneous necrotizing venulitis, including 19 with associated chronic disorders. The antigen pair A11,BW35 was found in 5 of these 19 patients and in 11 of 346 controls. This difference in frequency is statistically significant. Because HLA genes appear to be linked to immune response genes, these data suggest that such genes may exist in patients with this form of cutaneous necrotizing venulitis with associated connective tissue disease.
Histochemical investigation of adjuvant‐induced arthritis
Authors: Nusbickel Fred R. , Troyer Henry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRats with adjuvant‐induced arthritis were observed to have increased alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase (two isozymes), and ATPase activity in the radial zone of articular cartilage, at the osteochondral junction, and in the bone marrow elements. A qualitative and quantitative reduction of azure A, PAS, colloidal iron, alcian blue critical electrolyte concentration staining (0.4 and 0.9 M (mg Cl2) was also observed in corresponding areas. These findings suggest the degradation of the articular cartilage matrix with possible simultaneous or resultant calcification.
Effect of sodium salicylate on human and mouse granulopoiesis in vitro
Authors: Gabourel J. D. , Moore M. A. S. , Bagby G. C. , Davies G. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSodium salicylate inhibited generation of granulocyte and macrophage colonies when added to soft agar cultures of mouse or human bone marrow cells (CFUc) containing colony‐stimulating factor (CSF). This effect was dose‐dependent with over 90% inhibition at 48 mg%. The salicylate effect was not decreased with increasing concentrations of CSF, but inhibition was reversed when salicylate‐treated CFUc were washed with drug‐free medium before plating. CSF production was not inhibited by salicylate.