bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eutopic expression of placental‐like alkaline phosphatase in testicular tumors
Authors: Jeppsson A. , Wahren B. , Brehmer‐Andersson E. , Silfverswärd C. , Stigbrand T. , Millén J. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractVery high levels of placental‐like alkaline phosphatases (PLAP‐like enzymes) were observed in tissues from 13 typical seminomas. Four tumors with seminoma components contained these enzymes to varying degrees, and other testicular tumors had them in smaller or non‐detectable amounts. Analysis using monoclonal antibodies produced against the common placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) phenotypes and enzyme inhibition studies with amino acids and peptides showed the PLAP‐like enzymes present in seminoma to be similar to those PLAP‐like enzymes which are expressed in lower amounts in two embryonal carcinomas and in trace amounts in normal testicular tissue. These similarities suggest that the increased expression of PLAP‐like enzymes in seminomas results from enhanced eutopic expression of enzymes found in normal testis.
Detection of the tumour‐associated antigens recognized by the monoclonal antibodies hmfg‐1 and 2 in serum from patients with breast cancer
Authors: Burchell Joy , Wang Dennis , Taylor‐Papadimitriou Joyce 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe levels of the human milk fat globule 1 and 2 antigens have been measured in the sera of patients with advanced breast cancer, using a “sandwich” type radioimmune assay which exploits the carbohydrate nature of the antigenic determinants. In the series studied, 30% of sera from advanced breast cancer patients contained elevated levels of the HMFG‐1 antigen as compared with 6% of sera from healthy control women, whereas 53% of the advanced breast cancer patients showed elevated levels of HMFG‐2 antigen compared with 16,6% of the controls. By means of the immune blotting technique, the components carrying the antigenic determinants in sera have been identified and compared for size with those molecules expressing the determinants in primary and secondary breast tumours. Both antibodies react with similar molecular weight components of 320kd and 280kd which are present in serum and tumour samples, although lower molecular weight bands of 230kd and 190kd can be seen in some tumours. These components are much smaller than the glycoprotein (>400kd) present in the human milk fat globule, which carries the antigenic determinants recognized by HMFG‐1 and 2.
Human tumor cell membrane glycoprotein associated with protein kinase activity
Authors: Seehafer Jutta , Longenecker B. Michael , Shaw Andrew R. E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA mouse MAb3 50H.19 raised against the human melanoma cell line MEL‐T binds to carcinoma cell lines, carcinoma biopsy material, and certain epithelia of normal tissues. It immunoprecipitates two components from carcinoma cell lines, a major component of 22 kd which is Oglycosylated and a minor one of 24 kd which is additionally N‐glycosylated. The immunocomplexed 50H.19 antigen exhibits protein kinase activity with substrate‐specificity for casein and phosvitin, but not for histones. It phosphorylates on serine and threonine, but not tyrosine residues. Enzyme activity is cyclic AMP‐independent.
Effects of DL‐alpha‐tocopheryl succinate in combination with sodium butyrate and camp stimulating agent on neuroblastoma cells in culture
Authors: Rama Bhola N. , Prasad Kedar N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of dl‐alpha‐tocopheryl (vitamin E) succinate in combination with Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) and sodium butyrate on mouse neuroblastoma cells (NBP2) in culture, according to the criteria of growth inhibition and morphological differentiation (neurite formation), was studied. Results showed that PGA2 and sodium butyrate inhibited the growth of NB cells in a dose‐dependent manner. The combined effects of vitamin E succinate with PGA2 or sodium butyrate, according to the criterion of growth inhibition, were additive. Vitamin E succinate by itself did not induce morphological differentiation, but it enhanced PGA2‐induced morphological differentiation. Sodium butyrate alone or in combination with vitamin E succinate did not significantly increase the level of morphological differentiation. Sodium succinate and an equal amount of solvent (ethanol) failed to modify the effect of PGA2 or sodium butyrate. This suggests that the effect of vitamin E succinate in modifying the response of PGA2 and sodium butyrate on NB cells is due to the effect of vitamin E rather than to that of succinate.
Establishment of the amsalem T‐cell line from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expression of E‐receptor‐associated antigens in cells incapable of forming E‐rosettes
Authors: Bassat H. Ben , Rabinowitz R. , Polliack A. , Hadar R. , Schlesinger M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new T‐cell line (Amsalem) was established from the peripheral blood of a patient with pre‐T leukemia. Amsalem cells are unique in that they possess antigenic determinants associated with the E‐receptor, yet fail to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Amsalem cells were found to possess morphological and cytochemical features characteristic of T‐lymphocytes, and were sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of rabbit antisera specific for T‐cell antigens. In immunofluorescent tests with monoclonal antibodies, Amsalem cells showed a strong reactivity with the OKT‐11A and A‐22 antibodies, specific for the E‐receptor. The cells were reactive with OKT‐4 and showed a very weak reactivity with OKT‐6 and OKT‐8. No reactivity was found with the OKT‐3, Leu 7, Leu II, and OKMI antibodies. Amsalem cells failed to form rosettes with SRBC; however, mouse anti‐Amsalem serum inhibited the formation of E‐rosettes. It is concluded that the Amsalem cell line is a line of pre‐T leukemia cells characterized by a dissociation between its inability to form E‐rosettes and the presence of antigenic constituents of the E‐receptor.
Independent regulation of myeloid cell growth and differentiation inducing proteins: In vivo regulation by compounds that induce inflammation
Authors: Lotem Joseph , Sachs Leo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRegulation of the in vivo production of myeloid cell growth‐inducing (MGI‐I) and differentiation‐inducing (MGI‐2) proteins has been studied in mice injected with the inflammation‐inducing compounds sodium caseinate, thioglycollate and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The results indicate that these inflammation inducing compounds can induce in vivo production of MGI‐1 and MGI‐2; that different inducing agents can cause a different body‐distribution of MGI‐1 and MGI‐2; and that there is a granulocyte growth‐inducing protein (MGI‐IG = G‐CSF) that is not identical to the differentiation‐inducing protein (MGI‐2). Resident peritoneal macrophages produce MGI‐1 and MGI‐2 in vitro, but inflammatory macrophages show a reduced ability to spontaneously produce these proteins after in vivo injection of caseinate or thioglycollate. The results thus also indicate that macrophage activation can affect the ability of macrophages to produce the myeloid cell regulatory proteins MGI‐1 and MGI‐2.
Effect of leukocyte activation on the formation of heterotypic tumor‐cell aggregates in vitro
Authors: Orr F. W. , Mokashi S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWalker tumor cells (1 × 106 cells/ml) were incubated at 37° C in a stirred cuvette with rat peritoneal exudate cells (9 × 106 cells/ml) with or without the synthetic leukocyte chemo‐attractant fMLP (2 × 106M) or biologically active concentrations of the major endogenous chemo‐attractant, CSa. Aggregation, induced by the chemo‐attractants, was detected after 3 min by a platelet aggregometer and by studying cytocentrifuge preparations. The response was amplified in the presence of cytochalasin B (5μg/ml).Tumor cells could be identified in the aggregates by their morphology or by autoradiography after labelling with 3H‐thymidine. Although tumor cells were incorporated into the leukocyte aggregates, there was no appreciable change in the number of aggregates formed between tumor cells themselves. Levine III human breast tumor cells (1 × 106/ml) in heparinized human blood were incorporated into leukocyte aggregates within 30 min of adding 50 U cobra venom factor to activate complement. Aggregation correlated with a decrease in complement hemolytic activity (CH50). The aggregation reaction was not cytotoxic to tumor cells when evaluated by Trypan blue exclusion or by 51Cr release. We conclude that local tumor cells can be incorporated into aggregates formed when leukocytes are stimulated by chemo‐attractants. We postulate that intravascular activation of neutrophils might affect the localization of circulating tumor cells by incorporating them into microembolic cell aggregates and by causing damage to the pulmonary endothelium.
Use of irradiated mouse fibroblasts to improve the cloning and adaptation to culture of human melanoma cells
Authors: Vessiére‐Louveaux Franloise , Darville Martine , Knuth Alex , Boon Thierry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBy using irradiated BALB/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts as feeder cells, we obtained a marked increase in the cloning efficiency of the 9 human melanoma cell lines that were tested. Four of these melanoma lines had a cloning efficiency that was lower than 0.0007 in the absence of feeder cells. In the presence of irradiated 3T3 cells, their cloning efficiency ranged from 0.017 to 0.26. For most melanoma cell lines the growth rate of cultures that were seeded at a low cell density was also increased by the use of 3T3 feeder cells. In highdensity cultures, no effect was observed with most cell lines. The 3T3 effect was reversible. The pattern of surface antigens expressed by melanoma cells grown in the presence of 3T3 was similar to that observed without 3T3. The effect of feeder cells on the adaptation to culture of 5 primary melanomas was also tested. A definite improvement in cell yield was obtained with 4 of these melanomas.
Rat yolk‐sac antigen‐2 defined by monoclonal antibodies
Authors: van Hove L. , Sobis H. , Lu Y. L. , Vandeputte M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe distribution of the rat yolk‐sac antigen‐2 (Rat YSA‐2) as defined by a monoclonal antibody raised against rat yolk‐sac carcinoma cells is described. The antigen is present on rat yolk‐sac carcinoma, on parietal yolk‐sac endoderm and on the epithelium of fetal and adult gut and of the adult proximal kidney tubules. It is not present on a variety of rat tumors other than yolk‐sac carcinomas and not detectable on preimplantation and post‐implantation embryos. Rat YSA‐2 differs from YSA‐1, other stage‐specific embryonic antigens, basement membrane antigens, intestinal and tubular antigens.
Biochemical characterization and cellular localization of a formalin‐resistant melanoma‐associated antigen reacting with monoclonal antibody NKI/C‐3
Authors: Vennegoor C. , Calafat J. , Hageman Ph. , van Buitenen F. , Janssen H. , Kolk A. , Rümke Ph. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA monoclonal antibody (MAb NKI/C‐3) produced against a purified membrane preparation of human melanoma cells reacts preferentially with sections of formaldehyde‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissues of melanoma, nevocellular nevi, carcinoids and medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. NKI/C‐3 did not react with basal‐cell carcinoma, brain tissue or brain tumors, and in only 14/196 other tumors was a clear cross‐reactivity observed, e. g. with prostate carcinomas and a minority of primary breast, ovarian, lung and clear‐cell carcinomas. This antibody was used in an immuno‐electron microscopic study for the cellular localization of the antigen. The antigen was dispersed in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells, and more concentrated inside vacuoles and sometimes also on the melanosomes. Occasionally, the antigen was seen on the cell surface.The nature of the antigen was determined in an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). It was found that the antigen is a glycoprotein with a disulfide‐dependent configuration that is essential for recognition by the MAb. The antigen was distributed heterogeneously during gel filtration as well as during SDS‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the region of 25–110 kd proteins. A purified antigen preparation that was obtained after affinity chromatography on a column of MAb NKI/C‐3 linked to Sepharose 4B contained a carbohydrate:protein ratio of 1:3.5.
The plasmin system in human colonic tumors: An immunofluorescence study
Authors: Burtin P. , Chavanel G. , Andre J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied the plasmin system with specific antisera to plasminogen, its 2 activators (urokinase‐type and tissue‐type) and the 2 plasmin inhibitors, α2 anti‐plasmin and α2 macroglobulin on sections of 34 human colonic tumors by immunofluorescence. Anti‐plasmin ogen serum showed a clear‐cut reactivity at the surface of tumor cells, as it stained the contour of tumor glandular structures, foci, and isolated tumor cells. Intratumoral deposits and necrotic areas were stained as well, often strongly. Localization of plasminogen was quite different from that of fibrinogen, which was found only in peritumoral stroma, and never on tumor cells. Traces of both types of plasminogen activator were found, mainly on invasive tumor cells for urokinase type and on large tumor foci for tissue type. Images were weak and inconstant. Large amounts of both plasmin inhibitors were characterized in tumor stroma. Alpha‐2 anti‐plasmin was also found in intratumoral deposits and necrotic areas.It seems likely that plasminogen exudes from blood capillaries (since anti‐plasminogen serum often stained the whole capillary wall), diffuses in the stroma and binds to tumor cells. Once formed, plasmin is likely to play a role in the invasion of surrounding tissues by tumor cells, in the dissociation of tumor cells from tumor glands and in the production of necrosis inside tumor areas.
Insulin binding by normal and neoplastic colon tissue
Authors: Wong M. , Holdaway I. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInsulin receptors in human colon tumours, normal colon tissue and mesenteric fat removed at surgery have been identified by measuring the binding of labelled insulin to cell membrane preparations. Insulin binding sites were readily detected in all tissues, with mean ± SD binding site concentrations of 43 ± 41, 44 ± 39, and 44 ± 35fmol/mg membrane protein, and dissociation constants of 0.73 ± 0.61, 0.66 ± 0.41, and 0.78 ± 0.58nM for microsomal plasma membrane preparations of tumour (n = 25), normal colon (n = 25) and fat (n = 23) respectively. The specificity of binding of labelled insulin was similar in tumour and normal colon samples. Binding in normal colon preparations was highest in the epithelium (84fmol/mg membrane protein) and lower in lamina propria (19fmol/mg), submucosa (26fmol/mg) and muscle wall (13fmol/mg). Degradation of labelled insulin was similar in tumour and normal colon preparations. Mean receptor levels were not significantly different between microsomal membrane preparations and plasma membranes partially purified on discontinuous sucrose gradients, quantitated against either unit membrane protein or unit 5′‐nucleotidase specific activity. There was a significant negative correlation between insulin binding to fat membranes and fasting serum insulin levels, but no significant relationship was seen between serum insulin and receptor levels in either colon tumour or tissue preparations from full‐thickness normal colon wall. An inverse correlation between serum insulin and receptor levels was, however, apparent in preparations of colonic musosa. These data indicate that although insulin receptors in colon tumours share the same biochemical characteristics as those present in the normal colon, receptors in tumour tissue are less sensitive to down‐regulation by ambient insulin than receptors in mesenteric fat cells and normal colonic mucosa.
Natural killer cell resistance in K‐562 cell sublines
Authors: Foster J. S. , Wust C. J. , Lozzio C. B. , Bamberger E. G. , Ichiki A. T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSublines of the hematopoietic stem cell line K‐562 were tested for their susceptibility to human natural killer (NK) cell activity. A correlation was found between the degree of NK‐mediated lysis and the presence or absence of particular chromosomal markers. K‐562 sublines susceptible to lysis by NK were found to express karyotypically a deletion 9‐ and a marker 8(tl : 18), whereas resistant sublines did not express these markers. A cloned K‐562 subline BIV was chosen as representative of a resistant subline. This subline was resistant to lysis even after prolonged incubation and activation of the NK cells with interferon. However, it was found that BIV was lysed by both antibody‐dependent, complement‐mediated and antibody‐dependent cellular mechanisms at levels comparable to those seen with NK‐sensitive K‐562 sublines. Subline BIV did compete poorly with NK‐sensitive K‐562 in cold‐target inhibition; however, conjugate‐formation assays demonstrated that the binding of NK cells to BIV cells is comparable to that of NK‐sensitive K‐562 cells. We suggest that cells of the cloned line BIV are recognized normally by NK cells but do not activate the lytic mechanism of the bound NK cell.Treatment of the resistant clone BIV with neura minidase did not lead to enhanced levels of lysis. Protein extracts of NK‐sensitive K‐562 sublines efficiently inhibited lysis by NK cells but extracts of the resistant clone, BIV, did not inhibit lysis, suggesting that the clone lacks cell surface determinants involved in the post‐recognitive activation of the NK cytolytic mechanism.
Characterization of a second Epstein‐Barr virus‐determined nuclear antigen associated with the BamHI WYH region of EBV DNA
Authors: Dillner Joakim , Kallin Bengt , Ehlin‐Henriksson Barbro , Timar Laszlo , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Epstein‐Barr virus‐determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) is the only known virally‐determined compoment that is regularly associated with EBV‐transformed cells. A main component of EBNA, herein designated EBNA‐1, has been conclusively localized to the BamHI K fragment of the viral genome. EBNA‐1 is present in all EBV carrying cell lines so far studied. Our current study deals with a second component. We have found that the EBNA reaction detected by anticomplement immunofluorescence (ACIF) in Burkitt lymphoma lines Daudi, Jijoye, and P3HR‐1 could be completely removed by preabsorption of sera with any one of these 3 lines, when tested against any other of them. The same absorbed sera still gave a brilliant nuclear staining against other EBV‐carrying lines, e. g. Raji or B95‐8. The 3 lines in the first category carry EBV genomes that have delections in the BamHI WYH region of the EBV genome. This region is intact in the second group of lines. This result is interpreted as showing the existence of 2 different ACIF‐stainable EBV‐determined nuclear antigens, one of which is associated with the BamHI WYH region. We designate this antigen as EBNA‐2. We found that the two different EBNAs are different with regard to their association with metaphase chromosomes. In lines positive for both EBNA subtypes, metaphase chromosomes gave brilliant EBNA‐1 staining, but could not be stained for EBNA‐2, indicating differences in chromatin association of the two EBNAs. An 86 kd polypeptide was identified by immunoblotting of DNA‐binding proteins from EBV‐transformed lymphoid cell lines. EBV‐specificity of the polypeptide was demonstrated by the presence of antibodies against this polypeptide in antisera from a population of EBV‐seropositive donors, but not from seronegative donors, by the presence of the polypeptide itself in EBV‐carrying but not in EBV‐negative cell lines and by the appearance of antibodies against this polypeptide during the course of infectious mononucleosis (IM). The polypeptide was absent from the EBV‐carrying P3HR‐1, Daudi and Jijoye cell lines, which suggested that it may be encoded by the BamHI WYH region that is deleted from the viral substrains carried by these lines.
Isolation of simian retroviruses closely related to human T‐cell leukemia virus by establishment of lymphoid cell lines from various non‐human primates
Authors: Tsujimoto Hajime , Komuro Atsumi , Iijima Kumiko , Miyamoto Junko , Ishikawa Koh‐Ichi , Hayami Masanori 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSimian retroviruses closely related to human T‐cell leukemia virus (HTLV) were isolated by establishing virus‐producing lymphoid cell lines from 7 species of non‐human primates. By co‐cultivation with human umbilical cord‐blood cells and/or in the presence of interleukin‐2, lymphoid cell lines were successfully established from the chimpanzee, African green monkey, pig‐tailed macaque, red‐faced macaque, Formosan monkey, Japanese monkey and bonnet monkey that had antibodies against HTLV antigens. These cell lines reacted with human sera of ATL patients and monoclonal antibodies against p19 and p24 of HTLV antigens. Cellular DNAs contained the provirus sequences homologous to HTLV‐I by Southern blot hybridization. Moreover, they produced extracellular type‐C virus particles and RNA‐dependent DNA polymerase. All of these lymphoid line cells had Tac antigen, interleukin‐2 receptor, and those of chimpanzee and red‐faced macaque had helper/inducer T‐cell markers, while those derived from African green monkey had suppressor/cytotoxic T‐cell markers. Furthermore, simian HTLV‐related viruses of pig‐tailed macaque, red‐faced macaque and Japanese monkey were transmitted to human lymphocytes on co‐cultivation.
Cutaneous melanoma in relation to intermittent and constant sun exposure—the western canada melanoma study
Authors: Elwood J. M. , Gallagher R. P. , Hill G. B. , Pearson J. C. G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe histories of exposure to sun through occupational, recreational and vacation activities of 595 patients with newly incident cutaneous melanoma excluding lentigo maligna and acral lentiginous melanoma, were compared to those of comparison subjects drawn randomly from the same population and matched for age, sex and province of residence in Western Canada. Significant increases in risk were seen with increasing amount of sun exposure through outdoor activities associated with recreation and vacations; activities likely to involve more intense sun exposure were associated with greater increases in risk. While a moderate amount of occupational exposure was associated with increased risk, greater occupational exposure resulted in no further increase; in men a decrease in risk was seen. These findings were independent of the effects of hair and skin colour, freckles, ethnic origin and socio‐economic status. The results suggest that short‐term exposure to unusually intense sunlight increases the risk of melanoma, while long‐term constant exposure has no effect or may decrease risk. No simple relationship was seen between melanoma risk and total sunlight exposure. This study introduces new methods of assessing different types of sun exposure from retrospective data.