bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
J.C. Ameisen, D. Hervieu-Léger, and E. Hirsh (Eds.). Qu'est-ce que mourir?Paris: Le Pommier/Cité des sciences et de l'industrie, 2003.
Authors: Aulniers Luce Des 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTResearchers in the fields of biology, religious studies, history, medical ethics, philosophy, and sociology offer a popularized interpretation of “what is death and dying.” This book is divided into three sections, each beginning with a relevant discussion on the contexts of the issue of death and dying. The work proposes three insights into the subject. First, the image of “the dead and the living,” as presented in art history, is revisited through the genetics and biology discourses that have recently challenged the traditional concepts of aging, as well as the very definition of “clinical” death. Second, the “experience of death” is based on new ideologies that reassess the solitude and individualistic nature of the dying and the necessity of reestablishing the links between the dying and the living, as reiterating the cultural norm. Finally, the “good death” establishes a virtual breach between two types of mythical figures – the heroes and the saints – and the relational singularity of palliative care.
Hétérogénéité des déficits cognitifs dans la démence de type Alzheimer et prise en charge cognitive de la mémoire: particularités et enjeux méthodologiques
Authors: Bier Nathalie , Gagnon Lise , Desrosiers Johanne 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTNumerous studies suggest that the clinical presentation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is varied and that AD is thus a heterogeneous disorder. Evidence of this inter-individual variability has had an important impact on the approaches to the cognitive rehabilitation of AD, particularly in the early stages of the disease. Research has shown that, despite variable cognitive profiles, many preserved capabilities are observed in the first stages of AD and that the disease does not affect all cognitive functions globally. These preserved capabilities make it possible to apply cognitive interventions. However, numerous methodological difficulties are encountered in evaluating the effectiveness of these interventions, many of which are related to the heterogeneity of the deficits. The purpose of this article is to discuss this heterogeneity and its impact on methodological characteristics, especially participant selection and research design.
Comparison of Provincial and Territorial Legislation Governing Substitute Consent for Research
Authors: Bravo Gina , Gagnon Michaël , Wildeman Sheila , Marshall David T. , Pâquet Mariane , Dubois Marie-France 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTIn Canada, provincial and territorial laws address circumstances in which a substitute decision-maker may be appointed for an adult deemed legally incapable of making decisions in one or more areas of life. We searched for provincial and territorial laws that explicitly address substitute decision-making about research participation, and found significant differences among Canadian jurisdictions. In some provinces and territories there is no direct statutory guidance on the issue. Differences among jurisdictions that address substitute decision-making about research in legislation include whether judicial intervention is required to authorize the substitute decision-maker, whether any advance directive in place must explicitly authorize the decision about research in order for a proxy to consent, and how risk and benefit thresholds beyond which substitute consent to research is prohibited are articulated. It is imperative that government, researchers, and the Canadian public revisit the principles underpinning substitute decision-making about research in light of national and international norms, in order to lend clarity and consistency to this area of law and research practice.
The Role of Social Support in the Relationship between Urinary Incontinence and Psychological Distress in Older Adults
Authors: Corna Laurie M. , Cairney John 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTWhile an association between UI and psychological distress among older adults has been established in the literature, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain less clear. Using a sample of 4,689 older adults from the Canadian Community Health Survey (1.1), we test the potential mediating and moderating effects of four dimensions of social support on the UI–distress relationship. Incontinent older adults are significantly more likely to report higher levels of distress than continent adults. Although we do not find support for a mediating effect of any of the dimensions of social support, we do report a significant interaction between one dimension of social support (tangible support) and UI. A buffering effect of tangible support is evident for continent – but not incontinent – respondents. These findings emphasize the need to assess the types of social support and the context in which they operate.
Patient Outcomes after Discharge from a Geriatric Day Hospital
Authors: Crilly Richard G. , Lylwynec Sonya , Kloseck Marita , Smith Jan M. , Olsen Tyler , Gold Bill , Masse Shelley 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTEvidence suggests that frailer older patients benefit from a continuum of care rather than the admit/discharge model of our health system. This study examined patient outcomes after discharge from a geriatric day hospital (GDH) to determine what proportion continues to do well, what proportion declines, how the two groups differ, and if factors predictive of deterioration can be identified. Using telephone survey and Goal Attainment Scaling methodologies, the goals of 151 patients discharged from a GDH between 6 and 18 months previously were examined to determine whether GDH achievements were maintained or lost. All but 5 patients improved between GDH admission and discharge; after discharge, 39 per cent deteriorated. The need for more support in the community was predictive of deterioration, probably reflecting patient frailty. Number of medical diagnoses or medications were not predictive. Frailer older patients tend not to maintain goals achieved in a GDH after discharge and may benefit from ongoing maintenance.
Competence, Capacity, and Informed Consent: Beyond the Cognitive-Competence Model
Authors: Kluge Eike-Henner W. 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTOnly competent persons can give informed consent to health care. Current approaches define competence in essentially cognitive terms, thereby ignoring the fact that someone may be cognitively competent yet lack the capacity to give a valid consent. I outline a more robust theory of competence that includes not only cognitive but also emotional and valuational parameters. I then distinguish competence from capacity, and indicate the role this distinction can usefully play in the extended and continuing care setting. I also show how this distinction is consistent with several recent Canadian legal decisions, and outline its usefulness in interpreting and applying relevant provincial statutes.
Translating Evidence into Practice: The Case of Dementia Guidelines in Specialized Geriatric Services
Authors: Lewis David L. , Jewell David , Turpie Irene , Patterson Christopher , McCoy Barbara , Baxter Julia 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a process of identifying best practice guidelines for non-pharmacological management for individuals with dementia and disseminating them to a group of frontline practitioners in specialized geriatric services. Our dissemination plan involved early participation of practitioners, development of a chart summarizing five guidelines showing commonalities, contrasts, and gaps in the guidelines, and their interpretation, colour-coded for the strength of the evidence on which they were based. Two sequential workshops were held in which recommendations for action were developed. Outcomes of the process included a resource manual, a network of practitioners, and action recommendations based upon survey data. An early follow-up evaluation showed increased adoption of guidelines.
Patterns of Paid and Unpaid Work: The Influence of Power, Social Context, and Family Background
Authors: McMullin Julie Ann 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTOver the last several decades there have been changes in how paid and unpaid labour is divided between men and women: The rate of women's participation in the labour force women has increased as has men's participation in household labour. Although a plethora of research has addressed these changes by analysing couple and individual data, few have examined them within the context of multi-generational families. Using a case study analysis of a three-generation family, this paper shows that gender, class, social context, and family background influence how paid and unpaid work is divided within families. The case study shows that the social context of a given time conditions the options women and men have available to them in negotiating the balance of work and family responsibilities. Yet within this context, family background also matters. Negative childhood experiences were an impetus for adult children negotiating patterns of paid and unpaid labour that were different from those of their parents.
Julie McMullin. Understanding Social Inequality: Intersections of Class, Age, Gender, Ethnicity, and Race in Canada. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Authors: Moore Spencer 
Published: December 2005

RÉSUMÉDans Understanding Social Inequality, Julie McMullin présente une discussion utile et provocatrice des différentes approches et théories utilisées pour l'analyse des inégalités sociales. Quoique l'approche de McMullin soit ancrée dans une perspective critique de l'inégalité sociale, elle présente un cadre exhaustif pour comprendre la manière dont la classe, le sexe, l'âge, l'ethnicité et la race interagissent pour produire des inégalités sociales au Canada. La discussion et l'analyse sont à la fois fines et informatives. Bien que l'auteure examine des positions théoriques complexes, elle émaille sa présentation d'illustrations concrètes, lesquelles constituent des exemples pratiques à des fins de formation. Les glossaires, questions et lectures complétant chaque chapitre faciliteront les discussions en classe. Compte tenu de la finesse des arguments de McMullin, le texte semble être destiné à des personnes familières avec les théories sociales et les méthodes sociologiques.
Personality, Cognitive Adaptation, and Marital Satisfaction as Predictors of Well-Being among Older Married Adults
Authors: O'Rourke Norm 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTThe current study examines constructs that contribute to the well-being of an international sample of older married adults. A convenience sample of 208 participants was recruited through an Internet site as well as more traditional means such as newspaper advertisements and contact with community groups. The resulting structural equation model provides further support for the revised theory of cognitive adaptation. Within this model, the direct and indirect contributions of personality, marital satisfaction, and cognitive adaptation are examined in relation to well-being. Contrary to previous findings, personality appears to have an indirect effect upon both marital satisfaction and well-being. Cognitive adaptation, in contrast, has both a direct and indirect effect upon the well-being of older adults. Limitations of use of the Internet as a vehicle for data collection are considered as well as directions for future study.
Karl Pillemer and Kurt Lüscher (Eds.). Intergenerational Ambivalences: New Perspectives on Parent–Child Relations in Later Life. Contemporary Perspectives in Family Research, 4. Amsterdam: JAI Press (Elsevier), 2003.
Authors: Phillips Judith 
Published: December 2005

RÉSUMÉDirigé par Karl Pillemer et Kurt Lüscher, cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans le débat sur le concept de l'ambivalence dans les relations intergénérationnelles. Bien conçu et structuré, il est le produit de la collaboration de chercheurs provenant de plusieurs pays. Une force de cet ouvrage est certes de soulever des perspectives conceptuelles et méthodologiques tout en fournissant des exemples empiriques illustrant le concept de l'ambivalence. Ce livre, indispensable pour ceux intéressés par ce concept, constituera une ressource importante pour les étudiants en gérontologie, en psychologie ou en sociologie ainsi que pour les professionnels oeuvrant dans le domaine de la thérapie familiale, des services sociaux et des soins de santé.
Risk Factors for Falling among Community-Dwelling Veterans and Their Caregivers
Authors: Speechley Mark , Belfry Shannon , Borrie Michael J. , Jenkyn Krista Bray , Crilly Richard , Gill Dawn P. , McLean Sarena , Stolee Paul , Vandervoort Anthony A. , Jones Gareth R. 
Published: December 2005

ABSTRACTPurpose: To assess the prevalence and strength of association of risk factors for falling in Canadian veterans of World War II and Korea and their caregivers.Methods: Questionnaires were sent to addresses of 3,000 Canadian veterans (response rate = 70%). Risk factors for falls and the frequency of falls and injurious falls in the past 12 months were collected.Results: Veterans had more risk factors than did caregivers, and more had fallen in the past year (39.8% vs. 29.7%). Risk factors in the logistic model for veterans included lower extremity disability (odds ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.5–2.6); lower extremity weakness (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.3–2.3); worse memory than peers (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.1–2.5); one or more visits to the family doctor in the past month (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.2–2.0); and worse memory than 5 years ago (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.0–1.8).Conclusions: Veterans appear more frail and prone to falling than their caregivers.
Soluble Donor DNA Concentrations in Recipient Serum Correlate with Pancreas-Kidney Rejection
Authors: Gadi Vijayakrishna K , Nelson J Lee , Boespflug Nicholas D , Guthrie Katherine A , Kuhr Christian S 
Published: January 2006

Abstract
Background: There is no reliable serum marker available to monitor incipient pancreas or islet-cell rejection. We tested the hypothesis that quantification of donor-specific genomic DNA in serum (from tissue damage) can serve as a marker of rejection.
Methods: Using a recently developed panel of HLA-specific quantitative PCR assays (Q-PCR), we tested 158 sera from 42 pancreas-kidney transplant recipients. Temporally related biopsies for 65 sera permitted analysis for correlation of donor DNA concentrations with rejection.
Results: Donor DNA concentrations were higher in sera from recipients who had experienced allograft rejection (n = 31) than from those who had not (n = 34). Median concentrations, expressed as the genome-equivalent (gEq) number of donor cells per 106 host cells, were 2613 and 59 gEq/106, respectively (P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Q-PCR for donor-specific genetic polymorphisms merits further investigation as a noninvasive approach to monitor pancreas-kidney as well as other types of allograft rejection.
NASBA: a novel approach to assess hormonal receptors and ERBB2 status in breast cancer
Authors: Lamy Pierre-Jean , Verjat Thibault , Paye Malick , Servanton Anne-Claire , Grenier Jean , Leissner Philippe , Mougin Bruno 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIn human breast cancer, estrogen receptor-α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (ERBB2) status are currently determined using different techniques. We propose to assess the mRNA expression of these three clinically relevant markers using a unique technique, real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA). Gene expression of hormone receptors was analyzed and compared to the cytosolic functional protein content as determined with a ligand binding assay (LBA), while
Bivariate statistical approach to evaluate laboratory performance by analysis of standard curves in an External Quality Assurance program for quantitative assays based on real-time PCR with Taq-Man™ probes
Authors: Reina Giuseppe , Orlando Claudio , Rebora Paola , Ambrogi Federico , Casini Raggi Claudia , Verderio Paolo , Marubini Ettore 
Published: December 2005

AbstractRecently a revolutionary technique for quantitative PCR determination was introduced in diagnostic laboratories. To determine the influence of technical variability on the reliability of the quantitative assay, it is crucial to use External Quality Assurance (EQA) programs. An EQA program was developed in Italy to check the analytical performance of real-time PCR procedures based on Taq-Man™ probes. This article suggests a new statistical approach to discriminate, using a bivariate technique, laboratory performance that appears to be questionable, by separately considering the two main features of the standard curve: analytical sensitivity and efficiency. Furthermore, specific indexes to evaluate the impact of these two features on the determination of the initial number of molecules are given to help to improve the assay procedure.
Erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase activity in subjects with MTHFR 677C→T genotype
Authors: Tsakiris Stylianos , Schulpis Kleopatra H. , Papaconstantinou Evangelos D. , Tsakiris Theodore , Tjamouranis Ioanna , Giannoulia-Karantana Aglaia 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Plasma levels of tumor M2-pyruvate kinase should not be used as a tumor marker for hematological malignancies and solid tumors
Authors: Staib Peter , Hoffmann Melanie , Schinköthe Timo 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIt has been reported that the dimeric isoform of the enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 was overexpressed in various solid tumor cells. Hence, it was suggested that circulating levels of the so-called tumor M2-pyruvate kinase (Tu M2-PK) could be used as a tumor marker for monitoring systemic therapies of various solid tumors. We analyzed its validity as a tumor marker by comparing plasma levels of Tu M2-PK in patients with different non-malignant diseases to levels in healthy individuals and in patients with hematological diseases. Plasma levels of Tu M2-PK were measured using an ELISA assay in a total of 284 patients. The mean Tu M2-PK concentration of 32 U/mL was significantly higher in the group of patients with hematological malignancies (n=121) (p<0.001). However, 37% of healthy individuals (n=63) and 44% of patients with non-malignant diseases (n=100), especially patients with an acute inflammatory reaction (67%), were found to have elevated levels of Tu M2-PK using a cutoff level of 15U/mL. The specificity was 59% and the sensitivity was 51%. There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of a hematological malignancy and positive Tu M2-PK result. Thus, our data imply that Tu M2-PK is not a useful tumor marker for hematological malignancies and solid tumors, as a significant number of false positive results were detected in healthy individuals and patients with non-malignant diseases.
APO A-V–1131T→C polymorphism frequency and its association with morbidity in a Brazilian elderly population
Authors: Chen Elizabeth S. , Cendoroglo Maysa S. , Ramos Luiz R. , Araujo Lara M.Q. , Carvalheira Gianna M.G. , de Lábio Roger W. , Burbano Rommel R. , Payão Spencer L.M. , Smith Marília de A.C. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractIdentification of genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for complex diseases affecting older people can be relevant for their prevention, diagnosis and management. The –1131T→C polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A-V gene (
Association study between fibronectin and coronary heart disease
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhou Xin , Krepinsky Joan C. , Wang Chunhong , Segbo Julien , Zheng Fang 
Published: December 2005

AbstractFibronectin is a known chemoattractant for several cell types that play a role in the wound healing process, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages. It also generates a scaffold that allows attachment of other extracellular matrix components. Large amounts of fibronectin have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques, suggesting that it may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. To examine the possible involvement of fibronectin in the etiology of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease, we analyzed four polymorphisms in the human fibronectin gene and determined the plasma fibronectin levels in patients with coronary heart disease (n=109) and age- and gender-matched controls (n=123) in Chinese Han people. No significant positive association was observed between these polymorphisms and coronary heart disease. The levels of circulating plasma fibronectin, however, were significantly lower in patients with coronary heart disease (mean±SD 245±87mg/L) compared with controls (354±88 mg/L) (p<0.001). The odds ratio (OR) for plasma fibronectin was 0.94 in a multivariate unconditional logistic regression model (OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.91–0.96, p<0.001). We conclude that, in our population, the four fibronectin gene polymorphisms detected are not associated with clinical coronary heart disease. Our data suggest that low circulating fibronectin levels might be a new marker of coronary heart disease.
Serum calcium and phosphorus associate with the occurrence and severity of angiographically documented coronary heart disease, possibly through correlation with atherogenic (apo)lipoproteins
Authors: Rasouli Mehdi , Mohseni Kiasari Asadollah 
Published: December 2005

AbstractThe associations of serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations as well as other cardiovascular risk factors were investigated in relation to the existence and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in 260 clinically stable, angiographically defined CHD patients aged 40–70years. The subjects were classified as CHD
Urinary calcium excretion in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia
Authors: Ingec Metin , Nazik Hakan , Kadanali Sedat 
Published: December 2005

AbstractUrinary calcium levels in women with mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia were evaluated in this study. We collected 24-h urine samples from 35 mild preeclamptic (Group 1), 30 severe preeclamptic (Group 2), and 17 eclamptic patients (Group 3). The control group (Group 4) consisted of 35 healthy pregnant women. Serum levels of total calcium and creatinine, and urinary calcium were measured. These values were compared in the four groups. The mean maternal age and parity were similar in all groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the serum levels of total calcium and creatinine (p>0.05). Urinary calcium excretion in patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia was significantly lower than in controls (p<0.0001). Urinary calcium levels between mild preeclampsia and severe pre-eclampsia, and severe preeclampsia and eclampsia were similar (p>0.05), but were lower in eclampsia than in mild preeclampsia (p<0.05). In conclusion, urinary calcium excretion is reduced in patients with severe preeclampsia or eclampsia. However, the decrease in urinary calcium excretion cannot be used to identify the severity of preeclampsia, or to predict impending eclampsia.