bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisal of skin tests with food extracts for diagnosis of food hypersensitivity
Authors: BOCK S. A. , LEE W.‐Y. , REMIGIO L. , HOLST A. , MAY C. D. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySeventy‐six children aged 5 months to 15 years who exhibited a net weal of 3.0 mm or greater to a puncture skin test with one or more of fourteen foods were subjected to double‐blind food challenge. Confirmed reactions to double‐blind food challenge were found to occur only with peanut, milk, egg and soybean. Puncture skin tests with 1:20 w/v concentration of food extracts identified all subjects who exhibited an adverse reaction during the double‐blind food challenge. Performance of intradermal skin tests did not identify any additional subjects who reacted clinically to double‐blind food challenge.
Extraction and analysis of coffee bean allergens
Authors: LEHRER S. B. , KARR R. M. , SALVAGGIO J. E. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWorkers in the coffee industry can develop occupational allergic disease upon exposure to dust associated with coffee manufacturing. Since controversy exists as to the source or chemical nature of these allergens, the mouse model of reaginic antibody production was used to assess the potential sources of allergens in samples obtained from a local coffee manufacturing plant. Mice were immunized with extracts of coffee dust and beans and the resulting reaginic antibody response determined by the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. Cross‐reacting allergens were detected in samples of coffee dust, cleaner can debris and green coffee beans, but not in chaff or roasted coffee beans. None of the allergens detected in coffee samples cross‐reacted with extracts of castor beans, although these extracts contained the potent castor bean allergen. Green coffee bean allergens partially purified by gel filtration were heterogeneous with respect to molecular size, although quite similar in their reactivity with reaginic antiserum. These results suggest that the green coffee bean is the major source of allergen in coffee manufacturing plants. This allergen is heterogeneous with respect to size and heat lability, and is immunochemically different from the castor bean allergen.
Microbiological and serological studies of farmers' lung in Finland
Authors: TERHO E. O. , LACEY J. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySera from few Finnish patients with clinical farmers' lung react in precipitin tests with extracts of the thermophilic actinomycetes that commonly cause the disease elsewhere. Hays associated with the disease in Finland showed less evidence of spontaneous heating and contained fewer actinomycete spores than British hays. Only Thermoactinomyces vulgaris was sometimes abundant. Some species of mesophilic fungi were more abundant than in Britain and one, Aspergillus umbrosus, reacted with most sera from farmers' lung patients in precipitin tests. A panel of antigens, including thermophilic actinomycetes, A. umbrosus and other species of the Aspergillus glaucus group, is recommended for screening farmers' lung sera.
RAST in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to dog and cat allergens A comparison of different extract preparations with clinical history, skin test and provocation tests
Authors: WÜTHRICH B. , ARRENDAL H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA comparison was made of clinical signs and provocation tests with the RAST for allergy to dog in eight and cat in twenty patients. Twenty‐two had high IgE levels and all gave positive reactions to provocation tests. A commercially available dog epithelium extract gave more positive RASTs than five other dog allergen preparations, and there were no positive reactions to dog serum. The RAST was negative in patients with a low degree of sensitivity. All twenty patients allergic to cat gave positive intracutaneous test reactions and in the RAST the cat epithelial allergen showed 90% agreement with the in vivo findings.
Ketotifen in childhood asthma: a double‐blind placebo controlled trial
Authors: TAYLOR BRENT , FORD RODNEY 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIn a three week double‐blind cross‐over controlled trial in twenty asthmatic children, ketotifen (HC 20‐511, ‘Zaditen’, Sandoz) showed no significant difference from placebo, although there was a consistent trend in favour of the active drug.
Prevalence of precipitins in groups at risk of developing hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: SCRIBNER GERTRUDE H. , BARBORIAK J. J. , FINK J. N. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA study was made of the prevalence of serum precipitins to Micropolyspora faeni, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Aspergillus fumigatus, and pigeon serum in population groups suspected to be at high risk for the development of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Pigeon breeders' sera contained precipitins mainly to pigeon serum (38%) and A. fumigatus (18%). Occupants of homes in which forced air heating systems were investigated for the presence of microorganisms reacted mostly with M. faeni (13%) and A. fumigatus (8%). Individuals from environments where several cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis were discovered reacted largely with M. faeni (28%) and T. vulgaris (21%). Sera supplied by physicians from patients with respiratory symptoms reacted primarily to A. fumigatus (24%) and to a lesser extent to M. faeni (16%) and T. vulgaris (9%). The results indicate that the prevalence of precipitins to the tested antigens is not uniform and may be influenced by the environment. Furthermore, the prevalence of precipitins in groups at risk is greater than previously reported for the normal population.
Predictable clinical disorders related to serum and saliva Ig‐levels and the number of circulating T cells in asthmatic children
Authors: ØSTERGAARD P. A. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryAn examination was made of 221 children with bronchial asthma, who were divided into six groups according to serum and saliva Ig levels and the number of circulating T cells. Absence or small amounts of IgA and low or low‐normal numbers of T cells were associated with (1) atopic dermatitis, (2) hypersensitivity to house dust mite and animal danders, (3) previous hospital admissions due to respiratory tract infections with pathogenic bacteria and (4) a high family incidence of allergic diseases. In a group of patients with IgA deficiency and elevated serum and saliva IgM, respiratory tract infections were not common, and furthermore, in another group of IgA‐deficient patients with normal numbers of circulating T cells, atopic dermatitis was rare. In the latter patients, allergic rhinitis occurred very frequently, and in that respect they resembled a group of patients with combined high IgM/high IgE levels. Another group of asthmatic children with normal Ig levels represented an intermediate type of patient with regard to hypersensitivity to different allergens and family incidence of allergy on the one hand, and the occurrence of atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis on the other. Investigations on Ig levels and circulating T cells in asthmatic children may provide important clues into disease classification and mechanisms of such patients.
The human basophil degranulation test as an invitro method for the diagnosis of allergies
Authors: BENVENISTE J. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryWe have designed a human basophil degranulation test based on a one‐step method of basophil staining after exposure to a specific allergen. This very simple test is now commercially available as a ready‐to‐use kit. It explores the allergic sensitivity at the cellular level, probably through IgE‐dependent sensilization of the basophil. It positively correlates with histamine release and radioallergosorbent test (RAST). It detects sensitivity to common allergens and to chemical and food products as well. In its present state, the test provides a simple, inexpensive specific means for in vitro diagnosis of allergic diseases, Recently, it has been further developed to be performed on the automatic Hemalog D Technicon machine.
Effect of nasal and oral breathing on exercise‐induced asthma
Authors: MANGLA P. K. , MENON M. P. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe effect of nasal as well as oral breathing during level‐ground running for 6 min on the post exercise bronchial response was studied in fifteen people (five asthmatics with exercise liability, five asthmatics with no such liability and five normals). Each patient did the exercise twice; once with the nose clipped and once with the mouth closed. FEV1 was measured before exercise, immediately after exercise and at 5,10, 15,20and 30 min thereafter. A fall in FEV1 of 20% or more from the basal level was taken as evidence of bronchoconstriction. When the patients were required to breath only through the nose during the exercise, the post‐exercise bronchoconstrictive response was markedly reduced as compared with the response obtained by oral breathing during exercise, indicating a beneficial effect of nasal breathing. Nasal breathing was beneficial as compared with oral breathing in normals as well. In the five asthmatics with no exercise liability no appreciable difference was observed. This study suggests that the oropharynx and nasopharynx play important roles in the causation of exercise‐induced asthma.
Radioallergosorbent test with conjugates specific for ‘minor’ haptenic determinants in the diagnosis of IgE‐mediated penicillin allergy in man
Authors: KRAFT D. , BERGLUND A. , RUMPOLD H. , ROTH A. , EBNER H. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPenicillamine‐polylysine, benzylpenicillanyl‐human serum albumin and ampicillin‐polymers were coupled to CNBr‐activated paper discs and used in addition to penicilloyl G and penicilloyl V discs in RAST investigations. Sera from sixty patients with case histories of penicillin allergy and with positive or negative skin tests to different penicillin determinants and from seventeen subjects with atopic diseases caused by allergens other than penicillin were tested. The penicilloyl‐(‘major’ determinant) specific RAST (Phadebas RAST® Penicilloyl G and V) was positive in twenty out of twenty‐four patients with positive skin tests to penicilloyl‐polylysine, in eight out of twelve patients with sole skin reactivity to ‘minor’ determinants, and in five out of twenty‐four patients with negative skin tests to all antigens used. The penicillamine‐specific RAST was the only positive in vitro test in four patients with negative skin tests (two) or sole positive skin reactivity to ‘minor’ determinants (two), whereas benzylpenicillanyl and ampicillin‐polymer discs added no more information than the penicilloyl structures in all patients tested. Antibodies specific to ‘minor’ determinants apparently show strong in vitro cross‐reactivity with the penicilloyl determinant. It is, therefore, concluded that ‘minor’ determinant specific conjugates are of marginal importance for in vitro diagnosis of penicillin‐allergic patients.
An immunofluorescent study of the ampicillin rash
Authors: GATTER K. C. , BELL J. I. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe aetiology of the ampicillin rash is uncertain although numerous theories have been proposed–mainly immunological. One such concerns the presence of anti‐epithelial antibodies which have received conflicting reports in the literature. In this study, skin biopsies from three patients with a maculopapular ampicillin‐rash were studied by immunofluorescence to investigate the presence of anti‐epithelial antibodies. However immunofluorescence for IgG, IgM, IgA and C3 was completely negative so that we were unable to provide any support for this particular hypothesis.
Reaginic and non‐reaginic antibodies against mammalian danders
Authors: KUULIALA OUTI , AHO K. , JÄRVINEN K. A. J. , PALOSUO T. 
Published: April 2006

SummarySolid phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and passive haemagglutination techniques were used to study the occurrence of IgG‐type antibodies against feline and bovine epithelial extracts among RAST‐positive patients, senior veterinary students, cat fanciers (representing exposed subjects) and healthy controls. In most groups both techniques exhibited equal sensitivity being positive in about half of the RAST‐positive cases. The levels of both EIA‐reactive IgG‐class and IgA‐class antibodies were increased in most of the sera (> mean + 2 s.d. of controls), while only a few sera showed increased IgM values.
Clinical significance of specific IgE determination on nasal secretion
Authors: MIADONNA A. , LEGGIERI E. , TEDESCHI A. , ZANUSSI C. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThe clinical use of RAST on the nasal secretions was investigated in seventeen atopic patients, with asthma or rhinitis, who had shown at a first diagnostic screening, some difficulties in the identification of the responsible allergen(s). The results of the skin tests, of the RAST on the serum and on the nasal secretions and of the specific provocation test (bronchial or nasal) were compared. In some cases the basophil degranulation test was performed. The results of the RAST on the nasal secretions were in perfect agreement with the provocation test. The skin tests and the RAST on the serum showed many discrepancies, particularly for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives of cat and dog and moulds, and less frequently for Graminaceae and other pollens. It is concluded that RAST analysis on nasal secretions is useful in clinical diagnosis of allergy especially for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives and moulds. Most false positive results were observed with the RAST on serum; in fifteen cases it was positive, while all the other tests, basophil degranulation test included, were negative. The data suggest that IgE may have a low affinity for basophil receptors.
Plasma histamine concentrations and complement activation during house dust mite‐provoked bronchia] obstructive reactions
Authors: KAUFFMAN H. F. , van der HEIDE S. , de MONCHY J. G. R. , de VRIES K. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryLung function and histamine levels in peripheral venous plasma samples were followed after challenge with house dust mite allergen. In eight patients the mean maximal histamine concentration showed a significant rise during the early obstructive reaction when compared with the concentrations at similar time intervals after inhalation of a control solution. In nine other patients treatment with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) caused a significant fall in plasma histamine concentrations indicating that histamine liberation plays u role during the early obstructive reaction and was released from the lung compartment. Histamine during early obstructive reactions compared with the pre‐inhalation values did show a rise in mean maximal histamine concentration (1.5‐4.1 ng/ml) but this was statistically not significant. During the late reaction neither significant increase in histamine nor inhibition by DSCG was found. Measurement of complement degradation products did not support the role of complement activation during cither early or lute bronchial obstructive reactions.
A clinical and immunological study of allergy to hen's egg white
Authors: LANGELAND T. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryVarious clinical features of eighty‐four atopic patients, with clinical hypersensitivity to egg and positive RAST to egg white, were studied. Some of the clinical data were compared with data from a control group of atopic patients without egg allergy. Atopic diseases and certain food allergies in the families of the egg‐allergic patients and atopic controls were also studied. This was done in order to investigate the extent to which differences between the egg allergy group and the atopic control group were reflected in their respective families.
Prevalence and diagnosis of laboratory animal allergy
Authors: BEESON M. F. , DEWDNEY J. M. , EDWARDS R. G. , LEE D. , ORR R. G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryA survey of the prevalence of laboratory animal allergy to rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits among sixty‐nine animal workers and 308 other subjects on a pharmaceutical research site revealed a 22% prevalence of laboratory animal allergy among the animal workers. The overall prevalence of atopy was 67% in persons with allergy to laboratory animals. This was significantly greater than the 31% prevalence in other animal workers. Skin‐prick tests and specific IgG and IgE assays to urinary protein extracts strongly correlated with the occurrence of laboratory‐animal allergy and would appear to have diagnostic value. However, a number of clinically diagnosed laboratory‐ani‐mal‐allergy subjects gave no evidence of immunological response to the urinary allergens and wider diagnoses may have to be applied in these cases.
Precipitins to inhaled avian antigens: Results of an inter‐laboratory study
Authors: BERGMANN K.‐CH. , AIACHE J. M. , BARTMANN K. , FOOKE‐ACHTERRATH M. , KRAFT D. , LONGBOTTOM J. L. , WICHERT P. V. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryPrecipitins against avian antigens in sera from patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis, asymptomatic pigeon and chicken breeders and from control individuals were tested with different antigen extracts in six laboratories by a variety of different methods. Eighty percent of the results coincided in identifying the positive sera from patients and 90% in identifying the controls. It seems possible therefore to exchange results among experienced laboratories with fair confidence.
Asthma in merchant seamen and laboratory workers caused by allergy to castor beans: analysis of allergens
Authors: DAVISON A. G. , BRITTON M. G. , FORRESTER J. A. , DAVIES R. J. , HUGHES D. T. D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryThree merchant seamen and two laboratory workers who developed allergic symptoms following exposure to castor beans have been investigated. Bronchial‐provocation testing with castor beans in the merchant seamen demonstrated a late reaction in two. Specific IgE against whole castor‐bean extract and ricin, ricinus agglutinin and dericinated extracts of castor bean were found in the patients' sera using radioallergo‐sorbent tests (RAST). RAST inhibition, toxocological and haemagglutination tests suggest that the ricin and dericinated extracts contain distinct allergens.
Adrenocortical function during high‐dose beclomethasone aerosol therapy
Authors: FRANCIS R. S. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryProlonged observation of eight steroid‐dependent asthmatics show that the dose of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol may be increased in some cases up to 2000 μg daily without significant impairment in the results of serial tetracosactrin tests of adrenocortical function. These findings contrast sharply with the results of such tests during oral prednisolone therapy.
Recurrent nocturnal asthma after bronchoprovocation with Western Red Cedar sawdust: association with acute increase in non‐allergic bronchial responsiveness
Authors: COCKCROFT D. W. , HOEPPNER V. H. , WERNER G. D. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryRecurrent nocturnal asthma following a single exposure to Western Red Cedar sawdust was documented by measurements of peak flow rates in two sensitized subjects. The nocturnal asthma followed a dual asthmatic response in the first subject and a late (non‐immediate) asthmatic response in the second. Both subjects developed a 10‐fold reduction in the dose of histamine required to decrease the FEV1 by 20%. This cedar‐induced increase in non‐specific bronchial reactivity was maximal at the time of the recurrent nocturnal asthma, and persisted after nocturnal asthma had ceased and after FEV1 had returned to normal. We hypothesize that the enhanced non‐specific bronchial reactivity which occurs following late asthmatic responses to bronchial challenge is the cause of recurrent nocturnal asthma following single exposure to a sensitizing agent.
Aspergillus fumigatus spore concentration in outside air: Cardiff and St Louis compared
Authors: MULLINS J. , HUTCHESON PATRICIA S. , SLAVIN R. G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryIntermittent sampling of the atmosphere 3 days/week over a 12‐month period using Andersen samplers in Cardiff, Wales, U.K. and St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A., indicated average A. fumigatus spore concentrations of 13.5/m3 in St Louis and 11.3/m3 in Cardiff. Both sites showed seasonal variations with highest concentrations during winter.
Bronchial asthma due to spiramycin and adipic acid
Authors: MOSCATO G. , NALDI L. , CANDURA F. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryTwo cases of bronchial asthma due to spiramycin in workers of a pharmaceutical factory are reported. The subjects complained of cough, breathlessness and symptoms of asthma at work when coming into contact with spiramycin's powder. The symptoms cleared when away from work for more than 3 or 4 days.Inhalation challenge tests by aerosolization of solutions of spiramycin reproduced asthmatic reactions dual in type in both patients, the immediate component of the response has not been previously described for this antibiotic.Furthermore, one of the patients developed an immediate asthmatic reaction also after inhalation of a solution of adipic acid, and additive to bind spiramycin and diminish its irritant action. The reaction was obtained at a non‐irritant concentration of the acid, was reproducible and inhibited by previous administration of sodium cromoglycate: this finding and the failure to elicit the reaction in the other patient suggest a hypersensitivity reaction to this substance.
Lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors in asthmatic and control subjects
Authors: TSAI B. S. , WATT G. , KOESNADI K. , TOWNLEY R. G. 
Published: April 2006

SummaryGlucocorticoid hormones, which are widely used in the treatment of asthma, have been shown to potentiate physiological and biochemical beta‐adrenergic responsiveness in asthmatics. These effects are presumably mediated through glucocorticoid receptors. In order to better understand glucocorticoid pharmacology in asthmatics, we assayed glucocorticoid receptors by directly binding a radioactively labelled glucocorticoid hormone, dexamethasone, to intact lymphocytes prepared from the peripheral blood of asthmatics and control subjects. Binding studies were performed with dexamethasone at 100 nm and 5 nm concentrations. At 100 nm dexamethasone, the mean number of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors (per cell) in control subjects (7191 ± 385. n= 9) was not significantly different from that in asthmatic subjects (7772 ± 437, n = 9). At 5 nm dexamethasone, the mean number of glucocorticoid receptors in control subjects (1177 ± 194, n= 5) was not significantly different from that in asthmatic subjects (1215 ± 108. n= 8). At 100 nm dexamethasone, males had significantly more receptors (7939 ± 360. n= 11) than females (6764 ± 72, n= 7). Our results suggest that the number of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors and the apparent affinity of dexamethasone for receptors are not related to the presence or severity of asthma; however, a significant sex effect exists which should be corrected for in future studies of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors.
A study on the reproducibility of specific bronchial provocation testing in children
Authors: RUFIN P. , BENOIST M. R. , SCHEINMANN P. , PAUPE L 
Published: April 2006

SummaryBronchial provocation tests with housedust were carried out on thirty‐five asthmatic children aged 4‐13. Each patient was tested twice. Subjects were studied with two different doses of allergen: 1200 and 3600/μg.There was reproducibility in 80% of the seventy tests performed, allowing confirmation of the reliability of the test. Furthermore, reproducibility was better when lower doses of allergen were inhaled.The intensity of the bronchial response sometimes varied in the same subject. These variations were greater when the inhaled volume increased.Immediate and delayed reactions together and delayed reactions alone were frequent (60% of cases); this should therefore be taken into account when studying the reproducibility of specific bronchial provocation test.