bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 84-bp Indel Polymorphism of The Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1) Gene in Several Cattle Breeds in Indonesia
Authors: Anwar Saiful , Putra Widya Pintaka Bayu , Khaerunnisa Isyana , Wulandari Ari Sulistyo , Prihatin Koko Wisnu , Sutikno Sutikno 
Published: March 2024

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) gene is a gene that encodes SREBP1, a family of transcription factors that have a key role in lipid homeostasis as well as fatty acid metabolisms. The present study aimed to detect the 84-bp indel polymorphism in the intron 5 of the SREBP1 gene (84-bp indel) in several cattle breeds in Indonesia.Â A total of 740 cattle of six breeds (Limousin, Simmental, Holstein-Friesian, Bali, Sumbawa, and Pasundan) from two National Artificial Insemination Centers (NAICs) and smallholder farmers were used in this study. The detection of 84-bp indel polymorphism was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and visualized through a gel agarose electrophoresis system. The study showed that the L allele (insertion-type) was common and is fixed in Holstein-Friesian, Bali, and Sumbawa cattle (1.00). Meanwhile, the S allele (deletion-type) was found in Limousin, Simmental, and Pasundan cattle with a frequency of 0.24, 0.16, and 0.01, respectively. The presence of the S allele in Pasundan cattle was only found in the form of the heterozygous LS genotype (0.03). In conclusion, the 84-bp indel of the SREBP1 gene was found to be polymorphic in Limousin, Simmental, and Pasundan cattle, but monomorphic in Holstein-Friesian, Bali, and Sumbawa cattle.
Influence of Region on Some Reproductive Parameters in Ouled Djellal Sheep
Authors: Mohammed Titaouine , Gherissi D E , Moussa Chergui , Hanane Mohamdi 
Published: March 2024

The present study aims to assess the reproductive performance of Ouled Djellal ewes at four different Biskra locations: El Hadjeb, SidiOkba, Ouled Djellal, and Chaiba.Â All flocks were kept under extensive management.Â For this study, 357 clinically healthy and non-pregnant Ouled Djellal ewes have been used.Â Mating was practiced in an accessible mode, conducted over two months: May and June 2015 (61 days) for all herds. Â The total number of lambing ewes and lambs in all flocks was determined during the lambing period. We compared fertility, fecundity, and prolificacy rates using the Ï‡2 test to verify the relationshipbetween the measured rates and the four sites and multiple comparisons that revealed significant differences.Â The variables assessed in this study encompassed fecundity, prolificacy, and fertility.Â The overall mean values obtained were 78% for fecundity, 117% for prolificacy, and 92% for fertility. These averages were significantly lower than those observed in intensively managed herds. Â However, the lowest rates were recorded at site 4 (Chaiba), with65% for fertility, 109% for prolificacy, and 71% for fecundity.Â The results of this study clearly show that the region has a significant effect on fertility (P= 0.001) and fecundity (P= 0.0001) but no significant effect on the prolificacy rate (P= 0.074).
Rare FLG mutation associated with severe atopy
Authors: Al Shaqaq Azhar , Li Lucy Dong Xuan , Merico Daniele , Upton Julia E. M. 
Published: March 2024

Background: The prevalence of atopic disease, which consists of conditions such as atopic dermatitis, allergies, and asthma, has been on the rise in recent decades. In children, atopic dermatitis often acts as an initial manifestation of atopic disease and frequently precedes the development of food allergies, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Mutations in the FLG gene, encoding the fillagrin precursor profillagrin, serve as a genetic risk factor for these diseases. Approximately 25%–50% of individuals with atopic dermatitis carry FLG mutations. It has been proposed that FLG mutations exhibit variations specific to different populations, indicating distinct patterns within each population. Severe allergic symptoms could indicate the presence of an underlying immunodeficiency or immune dysregulation and in patients with severe, early-onset, or simultaneous allergic conditions, these could be suggestive of an underlying Primary Atopic Disorder. Specifically, the allergic triad characterized by elevated IgE levels, eosinophilia, and eczema is a common feature in various inborn errors of immunity that could be mistakenly diagnosed as severe allergic conditions. Method: Our patient’s medical record was analyzed retrospectively, including her medical history, as well as results from immune laboratory tests and genetic analyses. Results: We present a 9-year-old female of mixed ethnicity with a history severe eczematous rash diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Whole exome sequencing analysis revealed an initially novel heterozygous variant in the FLG gene (NM_002016: EXON3:c.C2218T: p.R740X). Conclusion: Healthcare providers caring for patients with atopic dermatitis and recurrent staphlococcus infections should be aware of the significant link between filaggrin gene mutations and the development of severe, persistent atopic dermatitis that begins in childhood, as well as its association with recurring staphlococcus infections. Additionally, they should keep in mind that certain inborn errors of immunity may predominantly manifest as severe and treatment-resistant atopic disorders. Statement of novelty: We have identified a rare variant in the FLG gene associated with severe atopic dermatitis and allergies.
Simulated microgravity increases CD226+Lin−CD117−Sca1+ mesenchymal stem cells in mice
Authors: Zhou Wenjing , Li Yi , Hou Yongli , Dan Wenli , Chen Lihua , Shi Fei , Zhao Fang , Fang Liang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicrogravity is one of the most common causes counting for the bone loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) contribute greatly to the differentiation and function of bone related cells. The development of novel MSCs biomarkers is critical for implementing effective therapies for microgravity induced bone loss. We aimed to find the new molecules involved in the differentiation and function of MSCs in mouse simulated microgravity model. We found CD226 was preferentially expressed on a subset of MSCs. Simulation of microgravity treatment significantly increased the proportion of CD226+Lin−CD117−Sca1+ MSCs. The CD226+ MSCs produced higher IL‐6, M‐CSF, RANKL and lower CD200 expression, and promoted osteoclast differentiation. This study provides pivotal information to understand the role of CD226 in MSCs, and inspires new ideas for prevention of bone loss related diseases.
The Turkish Constitutional Court and Turkey’s Democratic Breakdown: Judicial Politics Under Pressure
Authors: Oder Bertil Emrah 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Under Turkey’s democratic breakdown, the Turkish Constitutional Court offers a case study to identify the dynamics of judicial politics in electoral autocracies. Although the Court has been subject to criticism regarding its low commitment to the political pluralism and rights-based approach previously, the current situation presents itself differently. It is marked by a massive erosion in democratic qualities including an abuse of the judiciary against dissents in an unprecedented manner. Yet, the Court is still formally independent and empowered through constitutional norms such as the fixed tenure, retirement age, and jurisdiction in crucial matters. Since the institutional guarantees of the Constitutional Court are untouched, it has still the potential to become a major political player. Therefore, its study may also contribute to the comparative scholarship on the role of constitutional review under new pressures of the third wave autocratization that contraction and expansion dynamics of judiciaries can be better understood. The present study aims to feature the judicial politics of the Court under Turkey’s current democratic regression by conceptualizing a resistance-deference paradox on the ground politically significant cases.
Corrigendum to: Significance of entropy generation and the Coriolis force on the three-dimensional non-Darcy flow of ethylene-glycol conveying carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs)
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Hayat Tasawar , Aziz Arsalan , Alsaedi Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This corrigendum addresses some typographical mistakes and errors in published article “Significance of entropy generation and the Coriolis force on the three-dimensional non-Darcy flow of ethylene-glycol conveying carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs)”. Corrections about some typographical errors and plots of

g

η

$g\left(\eta \right)$

satisfying ambient condition in study (I. Ullah, T. Hayat, A. Aziz, and A. Alsaedi, “Significance of entropy generation and the coriolis force on the three-dimensional non-Darcy flow of ethylene-glycol conveying carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs),” J. Non-Equilibrium Thermodyn., vol. 47, pp. 61–75, 2022) are presented here.
The 34th German CFD network of competence meeting: numerical 3D simulation of reactor primary cooling circuit and containment flows
Authors: Papukchiev Angel , Schramm Berthold , Herb Joachim 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The 34th German CFD Network of Competence Meeting was held in March 2023 at the Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH in Garching, Germany. Twenty-one scientific presentations, distributed in the two sessions “Simulation of Reactor Cooling Circuit Flows” and “Simulation of Reactor Containment Flows” were presented. This paper gives a short summary of the different contributions.
Impact of fluvial discharge on 137Cs in the ocean following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident
Authors: Tsumune Daisuke , Tsubono Takaki , Misumi Kazuhiro , Sakuma Kazuyuki , Onda Yuichi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (F1NPS) accident, 137Cs activity concentrations have not yet decreased to pre-accident levels because of direct release from the site and fluvial discharges of 137Cs deposited on land. It is necessary to consider dispersion processes in the coastal area to understand the impact of multiple river discharges and direct release. To achieve this goal, we carried out oceanic dispersion simulations that considered direct release and fluvial discharges and compared the results with the annual averages of observed data. We assumed that particulate 137Cs discharged from rivers to the ocean quickly resuspended and re-leached after coagulation and precipitation, and that all of the 137Cs was dispersed. The reproducibility of results was improved by considering fluvial discharges of particulate 137Cs at all sites between 2013 and 2016, except near the F1NPS. In other words, particulate 137Cs discharged from rivers was found to influence the results of ocean surface activity concentrations within a relatively short period of time. The impact of direct release was dominant for the observed 137Cs activity concentrations adjacent to the F1NPS, which was used to estimate direct releases.
Convective flow of a magnetohydrodynamic second-grade fluid past a stretching surface with Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux model
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , Shahab Sana , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Raizah Zehba , Saeed Anwar 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This research delves into dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic second-grade fluid flow influenced by the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms on a stretching sheet. The study takes into account various factors such as thermal radiation, chemical reactivity, and activation energy, all of which contribute to the complex behavior of fluid flow in this system. The interaction between the magnetic field and the fluid, combined with the biological aspect introduced by gyrotactic microorganisms, adds complexity to the overall analysis. The mathematical model is presented in the form of partial differential equations (PDE)s. Using the similarity variables, the modeled PDEs are transformed into ordinary differential equations. Homotopy analysis method is used for the solution of the modeled equations. After a detailed insight into this investigation, it is established that the velocity distribution declined for growth in magnetic factor and second-grade fluid parameter. The thermal characteristics are augmented for the greater values of radiation, thermophoretic and Brownian motion factors, while these profiles are weakened for upsurge in thermal relaxation time factor and Prandtl number. The concentration characteristics declined with the enhancement in Schmidt number, mass relaxation time, chemical reaction, and Brownian motion factors, while they amplified with enhancement in activation energy and thermophoresis factors. The microorganisms’ profiles are the declining functions of bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers. This study included a comparative analysis, which aligns closely with existing research, demonstrating a strong concordance with established findings.
Analysis and development of a sensor concept for multistable actuators with passive magnetic shape memory alloy
Authors: Fleischmann Patrick , Happel Julius , Gundelsweiler Bernd 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Based on the current state of research, the aim of this paper is to develop a position sensor for actuators using passive magnetic shape memory alloys. The presented sensor concept converts the strain dependent permeability of the magnetic shape memory alloy into an inductance change by using a sensor coil arrangement. The change in inductance of the sensor coil is converted into a change in the resonant frequency of a parallel oscillating circuit. A microcontroller detects the resonant frequency of the circuit and converts it into a position sensor signal. To evaluate the functionality of the sensor, a test rig is developed that deforms the magnetic shape memory element under realistic application conditions. Experimental measurements in a climate chamber are used to evaluate the performance and characteristics of the sensor. The characteristic, temperature drift and hysteresis behavior are analyzed. It is proven that the presented sensor concept can be used to determine the position of passive magnetic shape memory alloy actuators.
PTPN11/Corkscrew activates local presynaptic MAPK signaling to regulate Synapsin, synaptic vesicle pools, and neurotransmission strength, with a dual requirement in neurons and glia
Authors: Leahy Shannon N. , Vita Dominic J. , Broadie Kendal 
Published: March 2024

Cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) andDrosophilahomolog Corkscrew (Csw) regulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway via a conserved autoinhibitory mechanism. Disease causing loss-of-function (LoF) and gain-of-function (GoF) mutations both disrupt this autoinhibition to potentiate MAPK signaling. At theDrosophilaneuromuscular junction (NMJ) glutamatergic synapse, LoF/GoF mutations elevate transmission strength and reduce activity-dependent synaptic depression. In both sexes of LoF/GoF mutations, the synaptic vesicles (SV) colocalized Synapsin phosphoprotein tether is highly elevated at rest, but quickly reduced with stimulation, suggesting a larger SV reserve pool with greatly heightened activity-dependent recruitment. Transmission electron microscopy of mutants reveals an elevated number of SVs clustered at the presynaptic active zones, suggesting that the increased vesicle availability is causative for the elevated neurotransmission. Direct neuron-targeted extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) GoF phenocopies both increased local presynaptic MAPK/ERK signaling and synaptic transmission strength in mutants, confirming the presynaptic regulatory mechanism. Synapsin loss blocks this elevation in both presynaptic PTPN11 and ERK mutants. However,cswnull mutants cannot be rescued by wildtype Csw in neurons: neurotransmission is only rescued by expressing Csw in both neurons and glia simultaneously. Nevertheless, targeted LoF/GoF mutations in either neurons or glia alone recapitulates the elevated neurotransmission. Thus, PTPN11/Csw mutations in either cell type is sufficient to upregulate presynaptic function, but a dual requirement in neurons and glia is necessary for neurotransmission. Taken together, we conclude PTPN11/Csw acts in both neurons and glia, with LoF and GoF similarly upregulating MAPK/ERK signaling to enhance presynaptic Synapsin-mediated SV trafficking.Significance statementNoonan syndrome (NS) is, by far, the most common RASopathy; a group of clinically-classified genetic syndromes caused by MAPK pathway alterations: it affects 1 in every 1000-2000 people. Patients present with cognitive deficits caused byPTPN11mutations; with gain-of-function the most common basis for NS, and loss-of-function resulting in NS with multiple lentigines (NSML). We find NS/NSML patient-derived LoF/GoFPTPN11mutations, as well asDrosophilahomologcorkscrewLoF/GoF mutations, all increase presynaptic MAPK signaling, Synapsin turnover, and synaptic vesicle availability at presynaptic release sites. Surprisingly, we findPTPN11/corkscrewto be required in both glia and neurons to control neurotransmission strength. These findings suggest disease interventions manipulating presynaptic vesicle trafficking mechanisms, as well as therapeutic strategies targeting both glia and neurons.
The Classification of Aflatoxin Contamination Level in Cocoa Beans using Fluorescence Imaging and Deep learning
Authors: Sadimantara Muhammad Syukri , Argo Bambang Dwi , Sucipto Sucipto , Al Riza Dimas Firmanda , Hendrawan Yusuf 
Published: March 2024

Aflatoxin contamination in cacao is a significant problem in terms of trade losses and health effects. This calls for the need for a non-invasive, precise, and effective detection strategy. This research contribution is to determine the best deep-learning model to classify the aflatoxin contamination level in cocoa beans based on fluorescence images and deep learning to improve performance in the classification. The process involved inoculating and incubating Aspergillus flavus (6mL/100g) to obtain aflatoxin-contaminated cocoa beans for 7 days during the incubation period. Liquid Mass Chromatography (LCMS) was used to quantify the aflatoxin in order to categorize the images into different levels including “free of aflatoxin”, “contaminated below the limit”, and “contaminated above the limit”. 300 images were acquired through a mini studio equipped with UV lamps. The aflatoxin level was classified using several pre-trained CNN approaches which has high accuracy such as GoogLeNet, SqueezeNet, AlexNet, and ResNet50. The sensitivity analysis showed that the highest classification accuracy was found in the GoogLeNet model with optimizer: Adam and learning rate: 0.0001 by 96.42%. The model was tested using a testing dataset and obtain accuracy of 96% based on the confusion matrix. The findings indicate that combining CNN with fluorescence images improved the ability to classify the amount of aflatoxin contamination in cacao beans. This method has the potential to be more accurate and economical than the current approach, which could be adapted to reduce aflatoxin's negative effects on food safety and cacao trade losses.
Cyberspace and women’s human rights in the international legal order
Authors: Estrada Tanck Dorothy 
Published: March 2024

Cyberspace has exacerbated certain transnational risks, such as cyber-discrimination, harassment, and aggression, particularly affecting women and girls on the basis of gender. Gender-based violence as a form of gender discrimination, including in its new forms, harms women and girls disproportionately, especially in their rights to equality, freedom from violence and freedom of expression. This article explores the contributions offered by different sources of law, in particular international human rights law, to address these gender-based risks and to prevent, eradicate and redress discrimination and gendered cyber-violations. It also analyses the opportunities that both the technological advancement concerning cyberspace, and the normative and interpretative standards developed to this effect, present for the construction of gender equality for women and girls worldwide.
Minimizing Fugitive Emissions in Post Fracturing Sand Separation Using A Vortex Separator
Authors: Johnston C. , Natarajan A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The drill-out, clean-up, and testing of a hydraulically fractured well is critical to ensure stimulation success. This period is important both for production and environmental reasons, due to the high risk of gas release. Most wells require a sand separator during clean-up, which are a source of fugitive emissions. These emissions often go unreported during flowback due to the challenge in their quantification.
This work improves on a study by Wasfy et al (SPE, 2019) which investigated sand separator fugitive emissions. The analysis is improved by categorizing the differences in draining mechanisms between four different separator styles: vertical cyclonic separators, horizontal separators, spherical separators, and vortex separators. A simple 3-stage mathematical model is presented to calculate emissions based on drain duration for online sand separators which are drained without isolating the vessel. A vortex separator was found to provide the lowest overall fugitive emissions release. Prior work was found to have significantly underestimated the emissions released by horizontal separators.
Field experiments were performed using freestanding atmospheric gas plume sensors to validate the model. Measured gas releases were within 6% of the volume predicted by the 3-stage model at field conditions. This model can be used by engineers to accurately assess different styles of sand separators in hydraulic fracturing, allowing for more accurate reporting and quantification of fugitive emissions.