bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review article: Recent advances in ascites and acute kidney injury management in cirrhosis
Authors: Adebayo Danielle , Wong Florence 
Published: March 2024

SummaryBackgroundBetter understanding of disease pathophysiology has led to advances in managing ascites and its associated complications including hepatorenal syndrome‐acute kidney Injury (HRS‐AKI), especially medicinal and interventional advances.AimTo review the latest changes in the management of ascites and HRS‐AKI.MethodsA literature search was conducted in Pubmed, using the keywords cirrhosis, ascites, renal dysfunction, acute kidney injury, hepatorenal syndrome, beta‐blockers, albumin, TIPS and vasoconstrictors, including only publications in English.ResultsThe medicinal advances include earlier treatment of clinically significant portal hypertension to delay the onset of ascites and the use of human albumin solution to attenuate systemic inflammation thus improving the haemodynamic changes associated with cirrhosis. Furthermore, new classes of drugs such as sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 are being investigated for use in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. For HRS‐AKI management, newer pharmacological agents such as vasopressin partial agonists and relaxin are being studied. Interventional advances include the refinement of TIPS technique and patient selection to improve outcomes in patients with refractory ascites. The development of the alfa pump system and the study of outcomes associated with the use of long‐term palliative abdominal drain will also serve to improve the quality of life in patients with refractory ascites.ConclusionsNew treatment strategies emerged from better understanding of the pathophysiology of ascites and HRS‐AKI have shown improved prognosis in these patients. The future will see many of these approaches confirmed in large multi‐centre clinical trials with the aim to benefit the patients with ascites and HRS‐AKI.
Does the proliferation of smartphones reduce consumer search costs? The case of the Korean gasoline market
Authors: Choi Bongseok , Kim Donghun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study treats the introduction of smartphones and access to the Korean gasoline market as a natural experiment, investigating how they affect consumer search costs. We estimate consumer search costs in different regional districts in Seoul and examine how smartphone proliferation affects search costs. Our findings indicate that the widespread use of smartphones reduced consumer search costs, and this reduction was more significant in districts with higher competition across firms. We can also infer that reduced search costs narrowed the market's dispersion of prices and markups.
Intergenerational consequences of racism in the United Kingdom: a qualitative investigation into parents' exposure to racism and offspring mental health and well‐being
Authors: Simela Carl , Akanbi‐Akinlolu Tolúwalàse , Okundi Malaika , Abdalla Hannah , McAdams Tom A. , Harris Androulla , Augustine Alex , Le Huong , Abdinasir Kadra , Ayorech Ziada , Ahmadzadeh Yasmin I. 
Published: March 2024

BackgroundExperiences of racism are linked to negative physical and mental health outcomes among those exposed. According to quantitative research derived mainly from the United States, these negative outcomes can have cascading effects in families, when parents' experiences of racism indirectly impact offspring. New research is warranted for families in the United Kingdom, informed by a qualitative approach to canvassing community knowledge and perspectives, exploring how existing findings relate to lived experiences.MethodWe conducted four online focus groups with 14 parents of school‐aged children and 14 adolescents who had experienced racism in the United Kingdom. Participants were asked what children know of parents' experiences of racism, and how these experiences can impact parent–child interactions, mental health and well‐being. Focus group recordings were transcribed, data coded and analysed through iterative categorisation.ResultsAnalyses drew four themes from participants' insights. Together, themes illuminated the pervasive nature of racism experienced by some families in the United Kingdom. Parent and child experiences of racism were connected and co‐occurring, with indirect effects impacting mental health and well‐being in both generations. These experiences were linked to both positive and negative changes in parenting behaviour and parent–child relationships, which could be moderated by intersecting identities such as the parent's generational status for immigration to the United Kingdom. Social cohesion, safe spaces and education programmes were highlighted for future intervention.ConclusionsFindings corroborate existing literature, while further emphasising a broader bidirectional picture, requiring a family system and intersectional approach to understanding the mental health impact of racism in families. Avenues for future research are discussed to support development of equitable intervention and support strategies to prevent racism and support those affected.
Visualizing the invisible tie: Linking parent–child neural synchrony to parents’ and children's attachment representations
Authors: Nguyen Trinh , Kungl Melanie T. , Hoehl Stefanie , White Lars O. , Vrtička Pascal 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIt is a central tenet of attachment theory that individual differences in attachment representations organize behavior during social interactions. Secure attachment representations also facilitate behavioral synchrony, a key component of adaptive parent–child interactions. Yet, the dynamic neural processes underlying these interactions and the potential role of attachment representations remain largely unknown. A growing body of research indicates that interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) could be a potential neurobiological correlate of high interaction and relationship quality. In this study, we examined whether interpersonal neural and behavioral synchrony during parent–child interaction is associated with parent and child attachment representations. In total, 140 parents (74 mothers and 66 fathers) and their children (age 5–6 years; 60 girls and 80 boys) engaged in cooperative versus individual problem‐solving. INS in frontal and temporal regions was assessed with functional near‐infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning. Attachment representations were ascertained by means of the Adult Attachment Interview in parents and a story‐completion task in children, alongside video‐coded behavioral synchrony. Findings revealed increased INS during cooperative versus individual problem solving across all dyads (𝛸2(2) = 9.37, p = 0.009). Remarkably, individual differences in attachment representations were associated with INS but not behavioral synchrony (p > 0.159) during cooperation. More specifically, insecure maternal attachment representations were related to higher mother–child INS in frontal regions (𝛸2(3) = 9.18, p = 0.027). Conversely, secure daughter attachment representations were related to higher daughter–parent INS within temporal regions (𝛸2(3) = 12.58, p = 0.006). Our data thus provide further indication for INS as a promising correlate to probe the neurobiological underpinnings of attachment representations in the context of early parent–child interactions.Research Highlights
We assessed attachment representations using narrative measures and interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) during parent‐child problem‐solving.
Dyads including mothers with insecure attachment representations showed higher INS in left prefrontal regions.
Dyads including daughters with secure attachment representations showed higher INS in right temporo‐parietal regions.
INS is a promising correlate to probe the neurobiological underpinnings of attachment representations in the context of parent‐child interactions, especially within the mutual prediction framework.
Hospital‐based surveillance of children with cerebral palsy in Suriname: The Suriname cerebral palsy register
Authors: Declerck Marlies H. P. , Jahan Israt , Lissone Neirude P. A. , Walhain Fenna , Chin A Fat Ruby , Fleurkens Marianne , Muradin Sarfaraz H. J. , Cruden Rhea , Ortibus Els , Badawi Nadia , Khandaker Gulam 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimTo describe the aetiological risk factors, clinical characteristics, access to rehabilitation, and educational status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Suriname.MethodHospital‐based surveillance of children with CP aged younger than 18 years was conducted at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo, Suriname (known as the Suriname CP Register [SUR‐CPR]). Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, aetiological risk factors, clinical characteristics, rehabilitation, and educational status. Registry data on aetiological risk factors were compared with available national prevalence rates in Suriname. Descriptive statistics were reported.ResultsBetween August 2018 and March 2020, 82 children with CP (mean [SD] age 5 years 10 months [3 years 10 months]) attending the Academic Hospital Paramaribo were registered in the SUR‐CPR. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 5 years 5 months (4 years 1 month). Spastic CP was predominant in 90.8% of children and 58.8% were classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels III to V. Overall, 43.9% had preterm birth compared with 13.9% reported nationally (p < 0.001) and 61.6% had birth‐related complications compared with 15% reported nationally (p < 0.001). Additionally, 39.1% had birth asphyxia and 23.2% had early feeding difficulties. Sixty‐two percent were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, 54.0% of whom required ventilation. Most children (82.5%) had CP acquired pre‐ or perinatally and 17.5% had CP acquired postneonatally. Seventeen percent had never received any rehabilitation services, and 31.9% of the school‐aged children were not enrolled in any education system.Interpretation: The high burden of known aetiological risk factors, delayed diagnosis, and severe functional impairment among children with CP registered at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo is concerning. Public health interventions targeting early diagnosis and early intervention could improve the functional outcome of children with CP in Suriname.What this paper adds

Almost half of the children with cerebral palsy (CP) had preterm birth, low birthweight, and signs of birth asphyxia.

Most of the children were diagnosed after 5 years of age.

Overall, 52.5% of children had severe forms of CP of whom only 36.6% received any assistive devices.
Sociocultural barriers to outsourcing housework: Unraveling the non‐use of domestic services
Authors: Trübner Miriam , Nisic Natascha 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe outsourcing of housework is broadly recognized as providing an impetus for increasing women's participation in the labor market and relieving the burdens of households with children and dual earners. Despite an objective need, demand for paid domestic services is low, even for households with sufficient financial resources. By drawing on a German survey of cohabiting couples aged between 30 and 60, we analyze households that have, to date, not used domestic services (N = 1479). Based on items about attitudes toward domestic services, we identify five distinct attitude profiles defined by diverse combinations and levels of sociocultural barriers to outsourcing housework, including gendered expectations, privacy concerns, aversion toward a servant culture, and trust and control issues. Our results establish that half of the sample exhibits scarcely any sociocultural aversion to the employment of domestic help. While some of these households report preferring to do housework within the family, households of higher social strata, in particular, express a need for external support, but are hindered by an insufficient supply of and access to appropriate paid domestic services. In contrast, the other half of the sample consists of subgroups of rejectors, revealing different levels of disapproval and normative‐moral profiles concerning outsourcing. Interestingly, complete rejectors are often found in low‐income households, indicating a strong connection between socioeconomic and sociocultural characteristics. The results highlight the potential for future developments within the domestic service sector to meet customers' normative and moral concerns.
Global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus without dementia
Authors: Nagasawa Kaoru , Matsumura Kimio , Uchida Takayasu , Suzuki Yuya , Nishimura Akihiro , Okubo Minoru , Igeta Yukifusa , Kobayashi Tetsuro , Sakurai Takashi , Mori Yasumichi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionThis study aimed to characterize the global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in comparison with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThis study included 37 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus aged ≥65 years and 37 age‐ and sex‐matched patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with dementia scoring <24 on the Mini‐Mental State Examination were excluded. General cognition, memory, classic, and practical executive function were investigated.ResultsPatients with type 1 diabetes mellitus demonstrated lower psychomotor speed scores on Trail Making Tests A and B (P < 0.001, P < 0.013) than those with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The dysexecutive syndrome behavioral assessment revealed similar results in patients with types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. The Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised verbal episodic memory and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version were similar in terms of general cognition, but worse delayed recall subset on the latter was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.038). A worse Trail Making Test‐A performance was associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus and age (P < 0.004, P < 0.029).ConclusionsExecutive function of psychomotor speed was worse in older outpatient adults without dementia with type 1 diabetes mellitus than in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus but with no significant differences in the comprehensive and practical behavioral assessment of dysexecutive syndrome. Patients with type 1 diabetes had more severely impaired executive function, whereas those with type 2 had greater impaired memory than executive function.
Voltinism and life‐history traits of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on corn
Authors: Huang Li‐Li , Xue Fang‐Sen , Tang Jian‐Jun , Wu Shao‐Hui , He Hai‐Min 
Published: March 2024

AbstractVoltinism and life‐history traits of the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda were investigated under semi‐natural conditions for a period of 2 years. The FAW invaded the corn field in the suburbs of Nanchang (28°46′ N, 115°50′ E) in early summer and produced six complete generations. FAW had the characteristics of short developmental time, high survival rates and strong fecundity. The development time of female pupae was significantly faster than that of male pupae, resulting in the emergence of female pupae earlier than male pupae. Except for the sixth generation in 2021, there was no significant difference between female and male sex ratio, which was close to 1:1. FAW showed male‐bias sexual size dimorphism with male pupae being significantly larger than female pupae. Unlike pupal weight, in most generations, male adult weighed significantly less than females, because the weight loss of male pupae during metamorphosis was significantly greater than that of female pupae. The temporal variation of pupal weight did not conform to the temperature–size rule. Compared with 22.8°C, the 29.2°C high temperature not only significantly reduced the development time of larvae but also significantly increased pupal weight. The adult fecundity feeding on fresh corn leaves was higher than that feeding on live corn plants in most generations. In most generations, pupal weight was positively correlated with larval development time and adult weight was positively correlated with fecundity. In conclusion, climate differences between generations and years have significant effects on developmental time, body weight, sexual size dimorphism and fecundity of the FAW. These results add to the understanding of the evolution of life‐history traits in the FAW and may have important implications for predicting population dynamics of the FAW and optimising control strategies.
Testing the Relationship of Linguistic Complexity to Second Language Learners’ Comparative Judgment on Text Difficulty
Authors: Zhang Xiaopeng , Lu Xiaofei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study examined the relationship of linguistic complexity, captured using a set of lexical richness, syntactic complexity, and discoursal complexity indices, to second language (L2) learners’ perception of text difficulty, captured using L2 raters’ comparative judgment on text comprehensibility and reading speed. Testing materials were 180 texts abridged from college English coursebooks, and raters were 90 advanced Chinese learners of L2 English. Forty‐five raters read paired texts and determined which text was harder to understand in each pair, and another 45 raters read paired texts and determined which text they read faster in each pair. Two stepwise linear regression models containing lexical, syntactic, and discoursal features explained 48.1% and 54.6% of the variance in L2 learners’ estimates of text comprehensibility and reading speed, respectively, outperforming four commonly used language readability models. These findings contribute useful insights into the relationship between linguistic complexity and L2 learners’ perception of text difficulty.
Autoencoder‐based method to assess bridge health monitoring data quality
Authors: Xiao Bowen , Di Jin , Wang Jie , Wu Guanliang , Shi Jiapeng , Wang Xiaohai , Fan Jiuhong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe data quality determines the reliability of big data‐based bridge condition assessments. However, rapidly discerning data conditions and identifying low‐quality data segments pose considerable challenges. This study introduces a transformer‐based autoencoder neural network for rapid data quality assessment in bridge health monitoring. The average Euclidean distance was used to quantify the dispersion of multiple hidden variables, and the overall quality of the multiple data fragments was quantitatively evaluated. Moreover, a method was introduced to calculate the adaptive thresholds based on the Euclidean distance. The application to the acceleration data of a cable‐stayed bridge demonstrates that the proposed method can extract hidden variables from acceleration data segments of length 3000. The network achieves a high compression rate of 1/1500, and the extracted hidden variables retain pertinent information regarding data quality. The proposed approach is data‐driven and exhibits significant advantages in efficiency, accuracy, and user‐friendliness.
Regulation of late‐acting operons by three transcription factors and a CRISPR‐Cas component during Myxococcus xanthus development
Authors: Saha Shreya , Kroos Lee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractUpon starvation, rod‐shaped Myxococcus xanthus bacteria form mounds and then differentiate into round, stress‐resistant spores. Little is known about the regulation of late‐acting operons important for spore formation. C‐signaling has been proposed to activate FruA, which binds DNA cooperatively with MrpC to stimulate transcription of developmental genes. We report that this model can explain regulation of the fadIJ operon involved in spore metabolism, but not that of the spore coat biogenesis operons exoA‐I, exoL‐P, and nfsA‐H. Rather, a mutation in fruA increased the transcript levels from these operons early in development, suggesting negative regulation by FruA, and a mutation in mrpC affected transcript levels from each operon differently. FruA bound to all four promoter regions in vitro, but strikingly each promoter region was unique in terms of whether or not MrpC and/or the DNA‐binding domain of Nla6 bound, and in terms of cooperative binding. Furthermore, the DevI component of a CRISPR‐Cas system is a negative regulator of all four operons, based on transcript measurements. Our results demonstrate complex regulation of sporulation genes by three transcription factors and a CRISPR‐Cas component, which we propose produces spores suited to withstand starvation and environmental insults.
BALTIC AMBER IN HISPANIA DURING LATE ANTIQUITY. CONTACTS, NETWORKS AND EXCHANGE
Authors: Vallejo‐Casas Elena , Ripoll Gisela , Sánchez Romero Margarita , Murillo‐Barroso Mercedes 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAmber is a material of great social value that has been identified at various archaeological sites on the Iberian peninsula dating to Late Antiquity. The objects, mostly necklace beads, have been discussed to date with limited results in relation to a small number of studies. This article presents the characterization by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) of 52 amber beads from four Late Antique necropolises in the province of Granada (south‐eastern Iberian peninsula): Cortijo del Chopo (Colomera), El Castillón (Montefrío), Marugán (Atarfe) and Fuente Santa (Loja). The results obtained demonstrate the Baltic origin of the amber at these sites and advance our knowledge of this type of product in Hispanic Late Antique funerary contexts.
Meta‐analysis of pulsed‐field ablation versus cryoablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Hehua , Zhang Hua , Lu Heng , Mao Yinjun , Chen Jianxing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeThe available data on the treatment strategy of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited. This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of the efficacy, safety, and procedural efficiency between PFA and cryoballoon ablation (CBA) for AF.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases to identify trials comparing PFA with CBA for AF from their inception until December 2023. The odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD), along with a 95% confidence interval (CI), were utilized as measures of treatment effect.ResultsThe analysis included 15 eligible trials with a total enrollment of 1880 patients. No significant differences were found in recurrent atrial arrhythmia (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.64, 1.07) or periprocedural complications (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.46, 1.30) between the two ablation techniques examined in this study. However, the PFA technique demonstrated a significantly shorter procedure time (MD ‐7.17, 95% CI ‐13.60, ‐0.73), but a longer fluoroscopy time (MD 2.53, 95% CI 0.87, 4.19). Similarly, PFA was found to be significantly associated with a decreased incidence of phrenic nerve palsy (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07, 0.59), but an increased incidence of cardiac tamponade (OR 4.07, 95% CI 1.15, 14.39). Moreover, there was a significantly higher release of troponin with PFA compared to CBA (MD 470.28, 95% CI 18.89, 921.67), while the increase in S100 protein and heart rate was significantly lower with PFA than with CBA (MD ‐64.41, 95% CI ‐105.46, ‐17.36), (MD ‐8.76, 95% CI ‐15.12, ‐2.40).ConclusionThe utilization of PFA provides a safer, time‐saving, and tissue‐specific procedure compared to CBA, while maintaining comparable success rates. This has the potential to enhance procedural efficiency and optimize resource utilization in clinical practice. These findings underscore the feasibility and promise of PFA as an alternative technique for PVI in patients with AF.