bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bionic blink improves real-time eye closure in unilateral facial paralysis
Authors: Cervera-Negueruela Mar , Chee Lauren , Cimolato Andrea , Valle Giacomo , Tschopp Markus , Menke Marcel , Papazoglou Anthia , Raspopovic Stanisa 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Facial paralysis is the inability to move facial muscles thereby impairing the ability to blink and make facial expressions. Depending on the localization of the nerve malfunction it is subcategorised into central or peripheral and is usually unilateral. This leads to health deficits stemming from corneal dryness and social ostracization. Objective: Electrical stimulation shows promise as a method through which to restore the blink function and as a result improve eye health. However, it is unknown whether a real-time, myoelectrically controlled, neurostimulating device can be used as assistance to this pathological condition. Approach: We developed NEURO-BLINK, a wearable robotic system, that can detect the volitional healthy contralateral blink through electromyography and electrically stimulate the impaired subcutaneous facial nerve and orbicularis oculi muscle to compensate for lost blink function. Alongside the system, we developed a method to evaluate optimal electrode placement through the relationship between blink amplitude and injected charge. Main results: Ten patients with unilateral facial palsy were enrolled in the NEURO-BLINK study, with eight completing testing under two conditions. (1) where the stimulation was cued with an auditory signal (i.e. paced controlled) and (2) synchronized with the natural blink (i.e. myoelectrically controlled). In both scenarios, overall eye closure (distance between eyelids) and cornea coverage measured with high FPS video were found to significantly improve when measured in real-time, while no significant clinical changes were found immediately after use. Significance: This work takes steps towards the development of a portable medical device for blink restoration and facial stimulation which has the potential to improve long-term ocular health.
3D bioprinting of stromal cells-laden artificial cornea based on visible light-crosslinkable bioinks forming multilength networks
Authors: Lee Gyeong Won , Chandrasekharan Ajeesh , Roy Subhadeep , Thamarappalli Akash , Mahaling Binapani , Lee Hyeseon , Seong Keum-Yong , Ghosh Sourabh , Yang Seung Yun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
3D bioprinting has the potential for the rapid and precise engineering of hydrogel constructs that can mimic the structural and optical complexity of a healthy cornea. However, the use of existing light-activated bioinks for corneal printing is limited by their poor cytocompatibility, use of cytotoxic photoinitiators (PIs), low photo-crosslinking efficiency, and opaque/colored surface of the printed material. Herein, we report a fast-curable, non-cytotoxic, optically transparent bioprinting system using a new water-soluble benzoyl phosphinate-based PI and photocrosslinkable methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA). Compared with commercially available PIs, the newly developed PI, lithium benzoyl (phenyl) phosphinate (BP), demonstrated increased photoinitiation efficiency under visible light and low cytotoxicity. Using a catalytic amount of BP, the HA-based bioinks quickly formed 3D hydrogel constructs under low-energy visible-light irradiation (405 nm, <1 J cm−2). The mechanical properties and printability of photocurable bioinks were further improved by blending low (10 kDa) and high (100 kDa) molecular weight (MW) HAMA by forming multilength networks. For potential applications as corneal scaffolds, stromal cell-laden dome-shaped constructs were fabricated using MW-blended HAMA/BP bioink and a digital light processing printer. The HA-based photocurable bioinks exhibited good cytocompatibility (80%–95%), fast curing kinetics (<5 s), and excellent optical transparency (>90% in the visible range), potentially making them suitable for corneal tissue engineering.
Modification of extended Oxley’s predictive machining theory and determination of Johnson-Cook material model constants by inverse approach
Authors: Dubey Aakash A , Lalwani D I 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Johnson-Cook (J-C) flow stress model, renowned for its consideration of the combined effect of strain, strain-rate, and temperature on material property, forms the cornerstone of this research. Its simplicity and applicability in numerical simulation render it widely popular. The study addresses two primary objectives: first, to modify extended Oxley’s predictive machining theory by eliminating the iterative loop for calculating the tool-chip interface temperature, and second, to utilize an inverse approach for determining J-C material model constants specific to medium carbon steel. The modified approach successfully eliminates the iterative loop, thereby streamlining the determination process and effectively reducing calculation time by 25%–40%, thereby enhancing overall efficiency. Concurrently, the study employs an inverse approach to accurately determine the J-C constants (A, B, n, C, and m). Notably, the research avoids the need for expensive and time-consuming Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests, instead opting for low-cost axial tensile tests and numerical optimization techniques to obtain the J-C constants. Thus, this study provides a practical method for determining J-C constants, pivotal for accurate material representation in numerical simulations and metal cutting applications. Standard materials and machines are employed, ensuring ease of understanding for a wider audience. The predicted values for the J-C constants are in proximity to the experimental values obtained by using SHPB test. Validated findings, achieved with precision under specified metal cutting conditions, highlight the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach, providing valuable insights for optimizing machining processes and improving efficiency.
The Nature of Theatre
Authors: Bennett Michael Y 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This chapter is concerned with the ontology of theatre. This chapter re-examines previously developed claims that theatrical characters (all the way up to theatrical worlds) are a type of abstract object called a “re-creation.” Re-creation explains the ontological status of theatre and is similar to D. M. Armstrong’s recombinatorial possibilia. But to these previous claims, this chapter adds another dimension, one that takes into account a larger range of performances: “re-positioned objects.” That is, re-creation does not do as adequate a job alone in explaining performances that are less story-book-like. Many theatrical performances (broadly conceived) only examine existent objects, but they do so from previously unexplored vantage points. This chapter examines this relational-recombinatorial view of theatre by thinking about metaphor, representation, and presentation.
Safety and Duration of Effect of 40-Unit PrabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Glabellar Lines in Adult Patients: A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Trial
Authors: Fagien Steven , Avelar Rui L , Cox Sue Ellen , Joseph John H , Kaufman-Janette Joely , Marcus Keith A 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Extending the duration of effect of botulinum toxins—by administering doses beyond those of the approved labels—has been an area of increasing interest in the field of aesthetics.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and duration of effect of 40-unit (U) prabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs (twice the approved dose and concentration) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines.

Methods
A total of 154 adult patients were randomized 1:1:1 to a single treatment of either 40 U prabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs (PRA 40, 5 injections of 8 U/0.05 mL), or 20 U of either prabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs (PRA 20) or onabotulinumtoxinA (ONA 20). Both 20-U controls were administered as 5 injections of 4 U/0.1 mL. Efficacy and safety were assessed on days 2, 7 (by telephone), 30, and every 30 days thereafter up to 365 days or until the patient had returned to baseline. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the duration of effect (estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis), defined as the number of days from treatment day (baseline) to the day that glabellar line severity at maximum frown by investigator assessment returned to the baseline value.

Results
Patients had a mean age of 47 years (20-72 years); 69.5% had severe glabellar lines at baseline. Of the 36 adverse events, 32 (88.9%) were mild and 4 (11.1%) were moderate in severity; none were serious. The median durations of effect were estimated to be 183, 149, and 148 days for PRA 40–, PRA 20–, and ONA 20–treated patients, respectively.

Conclusions
In this phase 2 pilot study, 40 U prabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs was observed to be safe and had a duration of 6 months.

Level of Evidence: 1
Picture Perfect: Standardizing and Safekeeping Clinical Photography in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Thornton Sarah M , Attaluri Pradeep K , Wirth Peter J , Shaffrey Ellen C , George Robert E , Carbullido M Kristine , Rao Venkat K 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Plastic surgery relies heavily on clinical photography to document preoperative and postoperative changes, visualize surgical approaches, and evaluate outcomes. However, the contemporary landscape of plastic surgery photography faces challenges, including a lapse in standards due to the prevalence of smartphones, social media platforms, and security concerns related to data storage and cyberattacks. In this comprehensive review, the authors aim to provide plastic surgeons with practical guidelines for achieving standardized, high-quality clinical photography while navigating the evolving landscape of technology, security, and ethical considerations. We explore the security challenges associated with storing clinical photographs, emphasizing the legal obligations under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). We also discuss various storage options, including HIPAA-compliant cloud services, electronic medical records, and emerging technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence.

Level of Evidence: 5
Stability of parallel evolution in shell traits between the littoral and sublittoral ecotypes of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna along a 17-year time series
Authors: Marek Ortiz Clarisa , Martínez Juan J , Sahade Ricardo , de Aranzamendi M Carla 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Ecotypes constitute valuable markers for understanding the phenotypic responses influenced by evolutionary forces and environmental variations. Assessing the role of these processes in establishing and maintaining ecotype divergence is essential for anticipating evolutionary responses to future climate shifts. We studied the evolutionary dynamics of phenotypic population structure between Nacella concinna ecotypes through a morphometric and temporal analysis (2004–2021) in Antarctica. This approach enables the assessment of contemporary evolutionary dynamics in the presence of biotic and abiotic factors, facilitating the inference of interactions between the acting forces. Using generalized Procrustes analysis, ecotypes were successfully discriminated by their lateral shell traits consistently persisting over the analysed period. Multivariate linear and univariate mixed models revealed a significant temporal effect on shell phenotypic variation, surpassing the effect of inter-ecotype differences. However, according to phenotypic trajectory analysis, this temporal effect did not alter the direction of the phenotypic trajectory of ecotype shell shape, which evolved in parallel during the time series. Despite the environmental variation, the evidence of parallel evolution might indicate the incidence of natural selection in ecotype divergence rather than relying solely on phenotypic plasticity. This work enhances our understanding of ecotype temporal changes and microevolution, underscoring the importance of long-term phenotypic monitoring.
Multi-trajectories of symptoms and their associations with unplanned 30-day hospital readmission among patients with heart failure: a longitudinal study
Authors: Lv Qingyun , Zhang Xiaonan , Wang Yaqi , Xu Xueying , He Yuan , Liu Jingwen , Chang Hairong , Zhao Yue , Zang Xiaoying 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to uncover hidden patterns and predictors of symptom multi-trajectories within 30 days after discharge in patients with heart failure and assess the risk of unplanned 30-day hospital readmission in different patterns.

Methods and results
The study was conducted from September 2022 to September 2023 in four third-class hospitals in Tianjin, China. A total of 301 patients with heart failure were enrolled in the cohort, and 248 patients completed a 30-day follow-up after discharge. Three multi-trajectory groups were identified: mild symptom status (24.19%), moderate symptom status (57.26%), and severe symptom status (18.55%). With the mild symptom status group as a reference, physical frailty, psychological frailty, and comorbid renal dysfunction were predictors of the moderate symptom status group. Physical frailty, psychological frailty, resilience, taking diuretics, and comorbid renal dysfunction were predictors of the severe symptom status group. Compared with the mild symptom status group, the severe symptom status group was significantly associated with high unplanned 30-day hospital readmission risks.

Conclusion
This study identified three distinct multi-trajectory groups among patients with heart failure within 30 days after discharge. The severe symptom status group was associated with a significantly increased risk of unplanned 30-day hospital readmission. Common and different factors predicted different symptom multi-trajectories. Healthcare providers should assess the physical and psychological frailty and renal dysfunction of patients with heart failure before discharge. Inpatient care aimed at alleviating physical and psychological frailty and enhancing resilience may be important to improve patients’ symptom development post-discharge.
Health-related quality of life 1 year after a large-scale industrial fire among exposed inhabitants of Rouen, France: ‘The Post Fire 76 Health’ study
Authors: El Haddad Maria , Zeghnoun Abdelkrim , Richard Jean-Baptiste , Saoudi Abdessattar , Pédrono Gaëlle , Perrine Anne-Laure , Motreff Yvon , Blanchard Myriam , Morel Pauline , Le Lay Emmanuelle , Golliot Franck , Empereur-Bissonnet Pascal 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
A large-scale industrial fire occurred in Rouen, France, in 2019. This study assessed the health-related quality of life of people exposed to its consequences 1 year later.

Methods
The study population comprised inhabitants of the exposed area and a non-exposed area. A representative sample was randomly selected using a stratified design. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire to describe fire exposure and to calculate three health-related quality of life scores according to the SF12-v2 scale. After adjustment, descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted.

Results
The sample comprised 4773 participants (response rate 47.7%). In the exposed area, the average mental, physical and overall health scores were 47.5, 52.0 and 73.8 out of 100, respectively. Mean mental and overall health scores were higher in the non-exposed area (49.0 and 76.0, respectively). After adjustment, a lower mental health score was associated with a higher number of perceived types of exposure, reaching −3.72 points [−5.41; −2.04] for five or more different types of perceived exposure. A lower mental health score was associated with soot deposits (−1.04 [−1.70; −0.39]), perceiving odours [(−2.04 [−3.22; −0.86]) up to the day of data collection], and having seen, heard or been awakened by the fire (−1.21 [−1.90; −0.52]). A slightly lower physical health score was associated with soot deposits (−0.57 [−1.07; −0.08]).

Conclusion
This study highlighted associations between exposure to the consequences of the industrial fire in Rouen and a deterioration of perceived health-related quality of life 1 year later, particularly the mental health dimension.
Naturally segregating genetic variants contribute to thermal tolerance in a Drosophila melanogaster model system
Authors: Williams-Simon Patricka A , Oster Camille , Moaton Jordyn A , Ghidey Ronel , Ng’oma Enoch , Middleton Kevin M , King Elizabeth G 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Thermal tolerance is a fundamental physiological complex trait for survival in many species. For example, everyday tasks such as foraging, finding a mate, and avoiding predation are highly dependent on how well an organism can tolerate extreme temperatures. Understanding the general architecture of the natural variants within the genes that control this trait is of high importance if we want to better comprehend thermal physiology. Here, we take a multipronged approach to further dissect the genetic architecture that controls thermal tolerance in natural populations using the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource as a model system. First, we used quantitative genetics and Quantitative Trait Loci mapping to identify major effect regions within the genome that influences thermal tolerance, then integrated RNA-sequencing to identify differences in gene expression, and lastly, we used the RNAi system to (1) alter tissue-specific gene expression and (2) functionally validate our findings. This powerful integration of approaches not only allows for the identification of the genetic basis of thermal tolerance but also the physiology of thermal tolerance in a natural population, which ultimately elucidates thermal tolerance through a fitness-associated lens.
Polygenic architecture of flowering time and its relationship with local environments in the grass Brachypodium distachyon
Authors: Minadakis Nikolaos , Kaderli Lars , Horvath Robert , Bourgeois Yann , Xu Wenbo , Thieme Michael , Woods Daniel P , Roulin Anne C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Synchronizing the timing of reproduction with the environment is crucial in the wild. Among the multiple mechanisms, annual plants evolved to sense their environment, the requirement of cold-mediated vernalization is a major process that prevents individuals from flowering during winter. In many annual plants including crops, both a long and short vernalization requirement can be observed within species, resulting in so-called early-(spring) and late-(winter) flowering genotypes. Here, using the grass model Brachypodium distachyon, we explored the link between flowering-time-related traits (vernalization requirement and flowering time), environmental variation, and diversity at flowering-time genes by combining measurements under greenhouse and outdoor conditions. These experiments confirmed that B. distachyon natural accessions display large differences regarding vernalization requirements and ultimately flowering time. We underline significant, albeit quantitative effects of current environmental conditions on flowering-time-related traits. While disentangling the confounding effects of population structure on flowering-time-related traits remains challenging, population genomics analyses indicate that well-characterized flowering-time genes may contribute significantly to flowering-time variation and display signs of polygenic selection. Flowering-time genes, however, do not colocalize with genome-wide association peaks obtained with outdoor measurements, suggesting that additional genetic factors contribute to flowering-time variation in the wild. Altogether, our study fosters our understanding of the polygenic architecture of flowering time in a natural grass system and opens new avenues of research to investigate the gene-by-environment interaction at play for this trait.
Plasticity and structural alterations of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic organelles in muscles of mice deficient in α-dystrobrevin, a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex
Authors: Malik Saad O , Wierenga Alissa , Gao Chenlang , Akaaboune Mohammed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of the plasma membrane and the neuromuscular junction. In this study, we investigated the impact of the deficiency of α-dystrobrevin (αdbn), a component of the DGC, on the homeostasis of intracellular organelles, specifically mitochondria and the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In αdbn deficient muscles, we observed a significant increase in the membrane-bound ATP synthase complex levels, a marker for mitochondria in oxidative muscle fiber types compared to wild-type. Furthermore, examination of muscle fibers deficient in αdbn using electron microscopy revealed profound alterations in the organization of mitochondria and the SR within certain myofibrils of muscle fibers. This included the formation of hyper-branched intermyofibrillar mitochondria with extended connections, an extensive network spanning several myofibrils, and a substantial increase in the number/density of subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Concurrently, in some cases, we observed significant structural alterations in mitochondria, such as cristae loss, fragmentation, swelling, and the formation of vacuoles and inclusions within the mitochondrial matrix cristae. Muscles deficient in αdbn also displayed notable alterations in the morphology of the SR, along with the formation of distinct anomalous concentric SR structures known as whorls. These whorls were prevalent in αdbn-deficient mice but were absent in wild-type muscles. These results suggest a crucial role of the DGC αdbn in regulating intracellular organelles, particularly mitochondria and the SR, within muscle cells. The remodeling of the SR and the formation of whorls may represent a novel mechanism of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in muscle cells.
Determinantal Representations and the Image of the Principal Minor Map
Authors: Al Ahmadieh Abeer , Vinzant Cynthia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this paper we explore determinantal representations of multiaffine polynomials and consequences for the image of various spaces of matrices under the principal minor map. We show that a real multiaffine polynomial has a definite Hermitian determinantal representation if and only if all of its so-called Rayleigh differences factor as Hermitian squares and use this characterization to conclude that the image of the space of Hermitian matrices under the principal minor map is cut out by the orbit of finitely many equations and inequalities under the action of $(\textrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{R}))^{n} \rtimes S_{n}$. We also study such representations over more general fields with quadratic extensions. Factorizations of Rayleigh differences prove an effective tool for capturing subtle behavior of the principal minor map. In contrast to the Hermitian case, we give examples to show for any field $\mathbb{F}$, there is no finite set of equations whose orbit under $(\textrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}))^{n} \rtimes S_{n}$ cuts out the image of $n\times n$ matrices over ${\mathbb{F}}$ under the principal minor map for every $n$.