bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Update: The Operative Experience in Adrenal, Pancreatic, and Other Less Common Endocrine Diseases of U.S. General Surgery Residents
Authors: Le David , Karmali Shahzeer , Harness Jay K. , Sheppard Brett C. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundA prior study that examined the operative experience of general surgery residents in endocrine surgery for the academic years 1986–1987 to 1993–1994 found this training to be inadequate due to low operative volume.MethodsTo evaluate how the development of minimally invasive endocrine surgery might alter this outcome, we reviewed more recent data from the Resident Statistic Summaries (Report C) of the Residency Review Committee from 1994–1995 to 2003–2004.ResultsThe main outcome measures were total number of residents and programs and the volume and distribution of operations performed. For adrenalectomy, the average number of cases per resident was 1.46; for endocrine pancreas, the average was 0.14. The most common number of any of these procedures performed by U.S. graduates was zero.ConclusionReports from postgraduate training in laparoscopic or endocrine surgery suggest that these fellowships may provide the necessary additional operative experience.
Thoracoscopic Removal of Mediastinal Hyperfunctioning Parathyroid Glands: Personal Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Alesina P. F. , Moka D. , Mahlstedt J. , Walz M. K. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of a mediastinal hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland is a rare condition that occurs in about 1% to 2% of cases. We present our experience with video‐endoscopic parathyroidectomy and a review of the literature.MethodsIn seven patients (four male, three female; age 28–67 years) mediastinal hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands were removed by the thoracoscopic route (VATS). Six patients suffered from primary hyperpathyroidism and one woman from recurrent secondary hyperparathyroidism. Additionally, articles concerning endoscopic treatment of mediastinal parathyroid glands were collected from the medical databases. A total of 58 patients were found in the English and French literature.ResultsNeither intraoperative nor postoperative complications occurred in our patients. Operating time was 90 minutes (range 40–180 minutes). After a mean follow‐up of 29 ± 12 months (range 3–64), all patients are biochemically cured. The cases in the literature showed healing in 57 of 58 cases. Their mean operating time was 112 minutes (range 40–240 minutes). One perioperative death due to myocardial infarction and a major complications rate of 7% are described.ConclusionThe thoracoscopic approach to mediastinal parathyroidectomy is a safe, feasible technique with a low complication rate and good cosmetic outcome. It should become the standard surgical access for mediastinal hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Cirrhotic Patients with Symptomatic Cholelithiasis: A Case‐control Study
Authors: Mancero Jorge Marcelo Padilla , D’Albuquerque Luiz Augusto Carneiro , Gonzalez Adriano Miziara , Larrea Frans Ivan Serpa , de Oliveira e Silva Adavio 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundIn this study we retrospectively evaluated a group of symptomatic cirrhotic (n = 30) and non‐cirrhotic (n = 60) patients submitted to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in a public hospital in Brazil.MethodsThe groups were compared for surgical time, duration of hospitalization after surgery, period of permanence in the intensive care unit (ICU), use of blood derivatives, mortality rates, and transoperative and post‐surgery complications. Other parameters, such as hepatic reserve capacity and presence of ascites, were also analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐three (76.7%) of the patients of the cirrhosis group (CG) were classified as Child‐Pugh A, and seven (23.3%) were Child‐Pugh B. Six of them (20%) had ascites. Differences between the two groups included surgery time (p = 0.008), duration of hospitalization (p = 0.014), and post‐surgery (p = 0.000) or ambulatory (p = 0.008) complications. The worst results were observed among Child B patients and in those with ascites. Blood derivatives were used in only 3.3% of the CG patients. No cases of conversion to laparotomy were observed among the two groups of patients included in this study, nor were there any deaths.ConclusionsThese results indicate that videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy may be safely performed in public hospitals in Brazil, with low levels of complications, no associated mortality, and no need for blood derivatives.
Proton Pump Inhibitors Relieve and Prevent Symptoms Related to Gastric Acidity after Esophagectomy
Authors: Okuyama Manabu , Motoyama Satoru , Maruyama Kiyotomi , Sasaki Kenji , Sato Yusuke , Ogawa Jun‐ichi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundDenervated stomach used as an esophageal substitute after esophagectomy often retains or spontaneously recovers acid production. The aims of the present study were to assess the relationship between esophageal acid exposure or gastric acidity and reflux‐related symptoms after esophagectomy, and to assess the ability of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to relieve gastroesophageal reflux‐related symptoms.MethodsForty‐four patients underwent esophageal and gastric 24‐h pH monitoring early after esophagectomy with gastric reconstruction. Initially, patients with both gastric acidity and reflux symptoms were treated with PPIs (Treatment group), then all patients with gastric acidity, whether symptomatic or not, were treated (Prevention group). Reflux‐related symptoms were correlated with esophageal acid exposure and postoperative gastric acidity. Gastric acidity was then correlated with serum anti‐Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers and preoperative endoscopic findingsResultsSixteen patients (36.4%) reporting reflux and showing gastric acid production were treated with PPIs, which provided relief to 13 (81.3%). Although symptoms did not correlate with the esophageal acid exposure, postoperative gastric acidity was significantly greater among patients who were symptomatic than among those who were not. Overall, acid production was lower in older patients (> 64 years of age), although older patients who were H. pylori‐negative and without chronic atrophic gastritis also showed high levels of gastric acidity.ConclusionsProton pump inhibitors should be administered prophylactically early after esophagectomy to relieve and prevent reflux‐related symptoms. Candidates for preventive therapy include those less than 64 years of age or older patients who are H. pylori‐negative and without chronic atrophic gastritis.
Safety of Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in Patients with Large Pheochromocytomas: A Single Institution Review
Authors: Ippolito Giuseppe , Palazzo Fausto F. , Sebag Frederic , Thakur Abhijit , Cherenko Mariya , Henry Jean‐François 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic adrenalectomy is the procedure of choice for small adrenal tumors, but some concerns have been voiced when this approach is adopted for larger tumors and pheochromocytomas. The aim of this study was to examine the results of the laparoscopic resection of large pheochromocytomas.MethodsA retrospective review of adrenalectomies performed for adrenal pheochromocytomas >6 cm in diameter. We compiled and analyzed the early operative complications, histologic findings, and cure rates with a minimum of 1 year of follow‐up after surgery.ResultsFrom 1996 to 2005, a total of 445 laparoscopic adrenalectomies were performed in our institution using the anterolateral transperitoneal approach. From this series we identified 18 procedures for pheochromocytomas with an average diameter on imaging of 78.2 mm (range 60–130 mm). All patients were rendered safe with a standard departmental protocol involving calcium‐channel blockade initiated at least 2 weeks prior to surgery. The average peak intraoperative blood pressure was 187 mmHg. Capsular disruption occurred in two cases. One patient required an intraoperative blood transfusion due to intraoperative blood loss. No immediate conversions to an open procedure were required, but one patient underwent a delayed laparotomy for hematoma formation. Histologically, four of the adrenal tumors displayed evidence of vascular invasion. Biochemical cure was achieved in all patients after a median follow‐up of 58 months (16–122 months).ConclusionsLaparoscopic adrenalectomy appears to be a safe and effective approach for large pheochromocytomas when no preoperative or intraoperative evidence of local invasion is present.
A 3‐year Study on Quality, Nutritional and Organoleptic Evaluation of Organic and Conventional Extra‐Virgin Olive Oils
Authors: Ninfali Paolino , Bacchiocca Mara , Biagiotti Enrica , Esposto Sonia , Servili Maurizio , Rosati Adolfo , Montedoro Gianfrancesco 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe quality of extra‐virgin olive oils (EVOO) from organic and conventional farming was investigated in this 3‐year (2001–2003) study. The oils were extracted from Leccino and Frantoio olive (Olea europaea) cultivars, grown in the same geographical area under either organic or conventional methods. Extra‐virgin olive oils (EVOO) were produced with the same technology and samples were analyzed for nutritional and quality parameters. Volatile compounds were measured with solid‐phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (SPME–GC–MS). Sensory evaluation was also completed by a trained panel. Significant differences were found in these parameters between organic and conventional oils in some years, but no consistent trends across the 3 years were found. The acidity of organic Leccino oils was higher than conventional oils in 2001 and 2002 but not in 2003; Frantoio oils were never different. Organic Leccino oils had higher peroxide index than conventional oils in 2001 and 2002 but it was the reverse in 2003. Organic Frantoio oils had lower peroxide index in 2001, but values were not statistically different in the other years. The concentrations of phenols, o‐diphenols, tocopherols, the antioxidant capacity and the volatile compounds showed differences in some years and no difference, or opposite differences, in others. Sensory analysis showed only slight differences in few aromatic notes. Our results showed that organic versus conventional cultivation did not affect consistently the quality of the high quality EVOO considered in this study, at least in the measured parameters. Genotype and year‐to‐year changes in climate, instead, had more marked effects.
Tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐6 are not correlated with the characteristics of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 in 66 patients
Authors: Wesseldijk Feikje , Huygen Frank J. , Heijmans‐Antonissen Claudia , Niehof Sjoerd P. , Zijlstra Freek J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIt was previously shown in a group of 9 patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) that levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) are higher in blister fluid from the involved side. We hypothesize that local inflammation is responsible for the characteristics of CRPS1. The aim of this study was to confirm the previous observation in a large group of CRPS1 patients, repeating the measurement of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in blister fluid. Furthermore, we sought to determine whether these cytokines are responsible for the characteristics of CRPS1 and characterize the relationship between cytokine levels and duration of the disease. Sixty‐six patients with CRPS1 participated. Skin blisters were artificially induced for measurement of cytokines in both extremities. The following disease characteristics were assessed: pain and differences in temperature, volume, and mobility between the extremities. TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in blister fluid from the involved side. However, cytokine levels did not correlate with the characteristics or duration of the disease. Our findings confirm the presence of local inflammation in a population of 66 patients in the first 2 years of CRPS1. Proinflammatory cytokines seem to be only partly involved in the pathophysiology of CRPS1, as indicated by the lack of coherence between TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels and the signs and symptoms of inflammation and disease duration. Other inflammatory mediators and mechanisms, such as central sensitization, are probably involved in the early stages of CRPS1.
Seismic stimulation of oil reservoirs
Authors: Serdyukov S.V. , Kurlenya M.V. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract
Experimental studies of energy balance in low-field seismic stimulation of oil recovery show that producing formations can change their properties at the expense of internal energy activated by the applied seismic load. The suggested stimulation mechanism is based on the effect of low-amplitude waves on plastic strain in the formation as the latter becomes moved off its thermodynamic equilibrium by the production process. The suggested model explains many effects known from experiments which result from interplay of different physical processes.
Coffee consumption and mortality in a 14-year follow-up of an elderly northern Finnish population
Authors: Happonen Pertti , Läärä Esa , Hiltunen Liisa , Luukinen Heikki 
Published: December 2007

The present study assessed the relationship between coffee consumption and mortality in a home-dwelling elderly population. A population-based cohort of 817 men and women born in 1920 or earlier and living in northern Finland provided complete data on daily coffee consumption and other variables at the baseline examination in 1991–1992. Deaths were monitored through to the end of 2005 by national death certificates, resulting in 6960 person-years of follow-up. Hazard rate ratios for mortality by daily coffee intake were estimated by Poisson regression models adjusted for some known predictors of mortality. During 14·5 years of follow-up, 623 deaths occurred. The total mortality rate was inversely related to the number of cups (average volume, 125 ml) of coffee consumed daily. After adjustment for age, sub-period of follow-up, sex, marital status, basic educational level, previous occupational group, current smoking, BMI, history of myocardial infarction, self-rated health and presence of diabetes, cognitive impairment or physical disability, the estimated relative risk reduction of total mortality per an increment of one more cup of coffee per d reported at baseline was 4 (95 % CI 0, 8) %. The observed associations between coffee consumption and mortality from CVD, cancer, and other or unknown causes, respectively, were qualitatively similar to that of total mortality but the estimates were less precise. The effect of coffee consumption at baseline appeared to attenuate after 10 years since the start of follow-up. The present study provides evidence for daily (caffeine-containing) coffee intake being inversely associated with mortality in the elderly.
Association of folate intake with the occurrence of depressive episodes in middle-aged French men and women
Authors: Astorg Pierre , Couthouis Aline , de Courcy Geneviève Potier , Bertrais Sandrine , Arnault Nathalie , Meneton Pierre , Galan Pilar , Hercberg Serge 
Published: December 2007

A low folate intake or a low folate status have been found to be associated with a higher frequency of depression in populations, but the existence and the direction of a causal link between folate intake or status and depression is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to seek the relation between the habitual folate intake in middle-aged men and women and the occurrence of depressive episodes. In a subsample of 1864 subjects (809 men and 1055 women) from the French SU.VI.MAX cohort, dietary habits have been measured at the beginning of the follow-up (six 24 h records) and declarations of antidepressant prescription, taken as markers of depressive episodes, have been recorded during the 8-year follow-up. No significant association was observed between folate intake and the risk of any depressive episode or of a single depressive episode during the follow-up, in both men and women. In contrast, the risk of experiencing recurrent depressive episodes (two or more) during the follow-up was strongly reduced in men with high folate intake (OR 0·25 (95 % CI 0·06, 0·98) for the highest tertilev.the lowest,Pfor trend 0·046). This association was not observed in women. These results suggest that a low folate intake may increase the risk of recurrent depression in men.
Lipid peroxidative stress and antioxidant defence status during ontogeny of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Fontagné Stéphanie , Lataillade Emilie , Brèque Janine , Kaushik Sadasivam 
Published: December 2007

The objective of the present study was to characterise some important antioxidant enzymes and their relationships with retinoids and lipid peroxidation during rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) early development. Eggs were incubated at 7°C until the swim-up stage whereupon fry were fed two semi-purified diets with 0 % (CO) and 8 % (OX) oxidised lipid respectively for 2 months at 17°C. The activities and gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined as well as the levels of retinoids, F2-isoprostanes and lipid-soluble fluorescent products (LSFP) at various developmental stages. Only SOD had a detectable activity in embryos which increased during development and was linked with an increase of mitochondrial (SOD2) and cytosolic (SOD1) gene expression. SOD1 and SOD2 mRNA were more abundant in fry fed OX than in fry fed CO. CAT activity and gene expression also increased during development and were higher in fry fed OX compared with fry fed CO. Activity of Se-dependent GPX (Se-GPX) increased during development. The gene expression of cytosolic Se-GPX (GPX1) increased from hatching to 2-month-fed fry. Both phospholipid-hydroperoxide GPX and GPX1 genes were more expressed in fry fed OX than in fry fed CO. Retinoids decreased during development and, by 2 months, were lowered in fry fed OX compared with those fed CO. The levels of LSFP were higher in fry fed OX compared with fry fed CO. The present study demonstrates that antioxidant defence systems are active all through the development of rainbow trout and modulated by feeding oxidised lipid.
Response of cell cycle/stress-related protein expression and DNA damage upon treatment of CaCo2 cells with anthocyanins
Authors: Renis Marcella , Calandra Laura , Scifo Christian , Tomasello Barbara , Cardile Venera , Vanella Luca , Bei Roberto , Fauci Luca La , Galvano Fabio 
Published: December 2007

Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids, widely spread throughout the plant kingdom, exhibiting important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions as well as chemotherapeutic effects; nonetheless, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which these activities are exerted. The present study is aimed at investigating molecular mechanisms involved in the chemotherapeutic effects induced by both cyanidin-3-O-β glucopyranoside (CY3G) and its aglycon form, cyanidin chloride (CY), in human colon cancer cells (CaCo2). The effect on cell growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cell cycle/stress proteins modification, including ataxia teleangectasia mutated protein (ATM), p53, p21, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) and topoisomerase IIβ, as well as on DNA fragmentation, was determined. CY and CY3G treatment affect cell growth and cell proliferation, this latter in a moderately dose-dependent way. Interestingly, ROS level is decreased by any concentration of CY and, only at the lowest concentration, by CY3G. Moreover, the two molecules exert their activities increasing ATM, topoisomerase II, HSP70 and p53 expression. The analysis of DNA fragmentation by Comet assay evidences: (1) a dose-dependent increase in DNA damage only after treatment with CY3G; (2) a more evident trend in the DNA fragmentation when the treatment is performed on agarose embedded cells (cellular atypical Comet); (3) a highly dose-dependent DNA fragmentation induced by CY when the treatment is carried out on agarose embedded naked DNA (acellular atypical Comet). The present findings substantiate a possible chemotherapeutic role of anthocyanins and suggest that CY and CY3G act on CaCo2 by different mechanisms, respectively, ROS-dependent and ROS-independent.
Effect of long-term selenium yeast intervention on activity and gene expression of antioxidant and xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in healthy elderly volunteers from the Danish Prevention of Cancer by Intervention by Selenium (PRECISE) Pilot Study
Authors: Ravn-Haren Gitte , Krath Britta N. , Overvad Kim , Cold Søren , Moesgaard Sven , Larsen Erik H. , Dragsted Lars O. 
Published: December 2007

Numerous mechanisms have been proposed to explain the anti-carcinogenic effects of Se, among them altered carcinogen metabolism. We investigated the effect of Se supplementation on activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathioneS-transferase (GST) in different blood compartments, and expression of selected phase 1 and phase 2 genes in leucocytes (GPX1,γ-glutamylcysteine ligasecatalytic subunit (GCLC), AP-1 transcription factorFos-related antigen 1(Fra1),NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase(NQO1), andaryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor(AhRR)). Healthy elderly Danes (n105; age 71·3 (sd4·26) years; 36 % reporting use of multivitamin/mineral supplements) participated and were supplemented daily for 5 years with placebo, 100 μg, 200 μg or 300 μg Se as Se-enriched yeast (SelenoPrecise®). Blood samples were collected after 5 years of intervention. When all four groups were compared we found no effect of Se supplementation on plasma GPX or GR, on erythrocyte GPX, GR or GST, or on thrombocyte GR or GST. We found increased thrombocyte GPX activity at the two highest dosage levels in women only, but not in men. No effects onGPX1,NQO1orAhRRgene expression were found. When all Se-supplemented groups were pooled we found significant down regulation of the expression of some phase 2 genes (GCLC,Fra1). A significant increase inAhRRgene expression with smoking was found but was independent of Se supplementation. Down regulation of phase 2 genes could increase the risk of cancer. However, further studies are needed to establish whether the observed effect in leucocytes reflects a similar expression pattern in target tissues.
Effect of selenium and Ascaridia galli infection on antioxidant biomarkers in broiler chickens: a mathematical model for parasite reduction and host growth
Authors: Gabrashanska M. , Galvez-Morros M. , Teodorova S.E. , Ermidou-Pollet S. , Pollet S. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GPX), liver concentration of vitamin E, and plasma and liver selenium levels were used for estimation of the antioxidant status of broiler chickens infected with Ascaridia galli. These biomarkers were recorded in an experiment covering 70 days p.i. At the same time the establishment rate of A. galli in chicken intestines, gain in the host body weight and chicken survival were studied. Broiler chickens (Cobb hybrids) were infected with 1450 embryonated A. galli eggs and treated with Sel-plex. A mathematical model was applied to determine the rate of nematode reduction and the relative rate of gain of host body weight, which are essential kinetic parameters of parasite–host interaction. The activity of GPX increased with both elevated selenium and reduced infection levels. The concentrations of selenium and vitamin E, and the GPX activity in the infected chickens demonstrated a similar pattern of change with time after day 30 p.i. The supplementation of the broilers with dietary selenium in the form of Sel-plex improved their antioxidant status. Increases by 29% in vitamin E concentration, 15% in GPX activity, and 22% in liver selenium concentration, respectively, were recorded in the infected and treated, compared to infected and untreated broilers.