bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Singularity swap quadrature for nearly singular line integrals on closed curves in two dimensions
Authors: af Klinteberg Ludvig 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a quadrature method for evaluating layer potentials in two dimensions close to periodic boundaries, discretized using the trapezoidal rule. It is an extension of the method of singularity swap quadrature, which recently was introduced for boundaries discretized using composite Gauss–Legendre quadrature. The original method builds on swapping the target singularity for its preimage in the complexified space of the curve parametrization, where the source panel is flat. This allows the integral to be efficiently evaluated using an interpolatory quadrature with a monomial basis. In this extension, we use the target preimage to swap the singularity to a point close to the unit circle. This allows us to evaluate the integral using an interpolatory quadrature with complex exponential basis functions. This is well-conditioned, and can be efficiently evaluated using the fast Fourier transform. The resulting method has exponential convergence, and can be used to accurately evaluate layer potentials close to the source geometry. We report experimental results on a simple test geometry, and provide a baseline Julia implementation that can be used for further experimentation.
Comparing the antimicrobial properties of propolis and silver particle-doped cotton fabric
Authors: Yaman Turan Necla , Korcan Elif , Aydin Büşra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study aims to examine the antimicrobial properties and washing resistance of cotton fabrics coated with propolis-doped hydrogel. More specifically, we compared the hygienic properties of AgNO3 (a common antimicrobial agent in textile materials), and the antimicrobial properties of propolis for the first time. We used PVA and NaCMC for hydrogel production because they are biocompatible and non-toxic. Later, we looked at how effective the propolis or AgNO3-doped hydrogel-coated cotton fabrics are against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and Candida albicans fungus, and compared their findings. Our results demonstrated that propolis could be a natural antibacterial alternative to AgNO3. The more active substance content there was, the more antibacterial and washing resistant it became. We used SEM images of the hydrogel coating and SEM–EDX images to how much silver the silver-doped layers contained. ATR–FTIR results also supported flavonoids and phenol in the structure of propolis itself. The changes in the basic comfort properties of the products were at acceptable levels.
Graphical abstract
Leveraging the Potential of Large Language Models in Education Through Playful and Game-Based Learning
Authors: Huber Stefan E. , Kiili Kristian , Nebel Steve , Ryan Richard M. , Sailer Michael , Ninaus Manuel 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis perspective piece explores the transformative potential and associated challenges of large language models (LLMs) in education and how those challenges might be addressed utilizing playful and game-based learning. While providing many opportunities, the stochastic elements incorporated in how present LLMs process text, requires domain expertise for a critical evaluation and responsible use of the generated output. Yet, due to their low opportunity cost, LLMs in education may pose some risk of over-reliance, potentially and unintendedly limiting the development of such expertise. Education is thus faced with the challenge of preserving reliable expertise development while not losing out on emergent opportunities. To address this challenge, we first propose a playful approach focusing on skill practice and human judgment. Drawing from game-based learning research, we then go beyond this playful account by reflecting on the potential of well-designed games to foster a willingness to practice, and thus nurturing domain-specific expertise. We finally give some perspective on how a new pedagogy of learning with AI might utilize LLMs for learning by generating games and gamifying learning materials, leveraging the full potential of human-AI interaction in education.
How judicial efficiency impacts trade credit and doubtful receivables
Authors: Aguiar-Díaz Inmaculada , Mruk Ewelina , Ruiz-Mallorquí María Victoria 
Published: February 2024

AbstractJudicial efficiency has been widely identified as a factor that has an impact on credit markets and firms’ financial decisions. In this paper, we study the relationship between judicial efficiency and trade credit granted by firms to their customers, as well as how the judicial system influences the proportion of those credits that are deemed ‘doubtful’. We test our assumption by analysing a sample of 1526 listed, ‘non-financial’ firms located in countries in the eurozone, during the period 2011–2021. The proxies of judicial efficiency are the length of judicial proceedings and rule of law, obtained from the World Bank’s ‘Doing Business’ and the World Bank Governance Indicators (WGI) databases, respectively. The empirical findings confirm our hypotheses that efficient justice allows for increased supplier confidence when extending financing to their customers and reduces doubtful trade credit.
Finite Additivity, Complete Additivity, and the Comparative Principle
Authors: Seidenfeld Teddy , Kadane Joseph B. , Schervish Mark J. , Stern Rafael B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn the longstanding foundational debate whether to require that probability is countably additive, in addition to being finitely additive, those who resist the added condition raise two concerns that we take up in this paper. (1) Existence: Settings where no countably additive probability exists though finitely additive probabilities do. (2) Complete Additivity: Where reasons for countable additivity don’t stop there. Those reasons entail complete additivity—the (measurable) union of probability 0 sets has probability 0, regardless the cardinality of that union. Then probability distributions are discrete, not continuous. We use Easwaran’s (Easwaran, Thought 2:53–61, 2013) advocacy of the Comparative principle to illustrate these two concerns. Easwaran supports countable additivity, both for numerical probabilities and for finer, qualitative probabilities, by defending a condition he calls the Comparative principle [$${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
]. For numerical probabilities, principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
contrasts pairs, P1 and P2, defined over a common partition $$\prod$$
∏
= {ai: i ∈ I} of measurable events. $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
requires that no P1 may be pointwise dominated, i.e., no (finitely additive) probability P2 exists such that for each i ∈ I, P2(ai) > P1(ai). By design, the cardinality of $$\prod$$
∏
is not limited in $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
, which Easwaran asserts is important when arguing that the principle does not require more, or less, than that probability is countably additive. We agree that a numerical probability P satisfies principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
in all partitions just in case P is countably additive. However, we show that for numerical probabilities, by considering the size of the algebra of events to which probability is applied, principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
is subject to each of the above concerns, (1) and (2). Also, Easwaran considers principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
with non-numerical, qualitative probabilities, where a qualitative probability may be finer than an almost agreeing numerical probability P. A qualitative probability is regular if possible events are strictly more likely than impossible events. Easwaran motivates and illustrates regular qualitative probabilities using a continuous, almost agreeing quantitative probability that is uniform on the unit interval. We make explicit the conditions for applying principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
with qualitative probabilities and show that $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
restricts regular qualitative probabilities to those whose almost agreeing quantitative probabilities are completely additive. For instance, Easwaran’s motivating example of a regular qualitative probability is precluded by principle $${\mathcal{C}}$$
C
.
Helmuth Plessner’s Schellingian Reconciliation of Idealism and Realism About the Psyche
Authors: Dornbach Márton 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWhile Schelling’s anticipation of Freudian psychoanalysis is well established, it has thus far gone unnoticed that Schelling’s ideas also proved fruitful in the context of a distinctively philosophical theory of the psyche developed by a younger contemporary of Freud. During the 1920s Helmuth Plessner, a key figure of philosophical anthropology, outlined a complex conception of the psyche as an individualized, inner region of reality. Although Plessner did not present his philosophical psychology in a systematic form, its building blocks can be found in The Unity of the Senses, The Limits of Community, and Levels of Organic Life and the Human, among other writings. Moreover, Plessner left a clue as to how these building blocks fit together, which suggests that Plessner viewed his philosophical psychology as structurally analogous to the model of personality outlined in Schelling’s 1809 treatise on human freedom. I propose that Plessner sought to formulate an alternative to both idealism and realism about the psyche that might reconcile the insights motivating these rival positions. Schelling provided Plessner with a workable model for such a reconciliation. After reviewing textual evidence for my hypothesis, I sketch Schelling’s predecessor theory. Based on the Schellingian template, I then reconstruct Plessner’s non-reductively naturalistic theory of the psyche, which aligns the real bodily ground of the psyche with its ideal existence. Highlighting the strengths of Plessner’s philosophical psychology against the foil of Paul Ricoeur’s and John McDowell’s relevant arguments, I argue that the theory reconstructed here deserves contemporary consideration as a plausible contender.
Teachers’ noticing of proportional reasoning
Authors: Amador Julie M. , Glassmeyer David , Brakoniecki Aaron 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe importance of understanding what and how mathematics teachers notice is well documented, but more research is needed on content-specific noticing. In particular, knowing how teachers notice proportional reasoning, a vital topic spanning all grades of mathematics, could inform measures that support students’ proportional reasoning. We examined how teachers noticed when responding to two prompts (one student-focused and one teacher–student-interaction-focused) after watching a video of a middle grades proportional reasoning lesson. We analyzed the proportional reasoning reported from 13 elementary and 20 secondary prospective teachers and used cooccurrences along with noticing practices to describe how teachers noticed proportional reasoning and what aspects of proportional reasoning they noticed. Results indicate: (a) the two prompts resulted in differences in what and how participants noticed proportional reasoning, (b) participants were primarily descriptive and not interpretative when describing the proportional reasoning they noticed, and (c) the elementary and secondary prospective teachers both noticed similar aspects of proportional reasoning but showed differences in how the proportional reasoning cooccurred with the noticing practices. These findings reiterate the importance of the prompts used with teachers, the potential of using video to advance teachers’ noticing of proportional reasoning, and the methodological potential of using cooccurrences to examine teachers’ content-specific noticing.
Psychosocial Evaluation of Adults with Primary Immunodeficiency
Authors: Gumusburun Reyhan , Altay Sevgi , Cengiz Hasancan , Hakverdioglu Yont Gulendam , Kuman Tuncel Ozlem , Ardeniz Omur 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by immune dysregulation and increased susceptibility to infections, with various cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social effects on patients. This study aimed to evaluate loneliness, social adaptation, anxiety, and depression and to identify associated factors in adults with immunodeficiency.

Methods
A cross-sectional study in Turkey (Feb-Aug 2022) obtained sociodemographic data from patient records. The Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale (SASS), UCLA-Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were administered in individual patient interviews. HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-Depression (HADS-D) scores were assessed using cut-offs of 10 and 7, respectively; SASS cut-offs for social imbalance and normalcy were < 25 and > 35, respectively.

Results
A total of 104 patients (60 women, 44 men) with a median age of 34 years (range: 18–89) were included in the study. Mean scores were SASS: 34.46 ± 8.11, UCLA-LS: 44.89 ± 12.66, HADS-A: 9.87 ± 4.77, and HADS-D: 9.12 ± 4.80. SASS score was negatively correlated with HADS-A, HADS-D, and UCLA-LS scores. There were positive correlations between UCLA-LS and HADS-A (r = -0.355, p < 0.01) and HADS-D (r = -0.614, p < 0.01) and between HADS-A and HADS-D (r = -0.454, p < 0.01). Low-income level was associated with higher HADS-A, HADS-D, and UCLA-LS scores and lower SASS score (p = 0.012, p = 0.041, p = 0.008, and p = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
Adults with PID are at risk for depression and experience high levels of loneliness. Social maladjustment and loneliness contribute to anxiety and depression, and loneliness is correlated with impaired social functioning. These findings emphasize the importance of biopsychosocial evaluation of individuals diagnosed with PID.
Psychiatrists’ Perceptions of the Role of Journalists in Suicide Reporting and Prejudices about Mental Illnesses in Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Eudora , Granado António 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInternational studies and the World Health Organization call for collaboration between media and mental health professionals to reduce the risk of imitative suicidal behaviour after suicide reporting – known as the Werther effect – and encourage individuals at risk to seek help. This study explores Portuguese psychiatrists’ perceptions of the practices of journalists, their interaction with those professionals, and their perspectives on the national suicide coverage through an anonymous online questionnaire and ten semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire received 128 responses. Only about 24% of the Portuguese psychiatrists characterized their relationship with journalists as cooperative, and most of them considered suicide reporting to be sensationalist and irresponsible. More than 80% of the participants expressed the view that journalists do not know the guidelines for responsible suicide reporting, but more than 95% considered that they can contribute to suicide prevention. These findings suggest that there is a long way to go to build a constructive partnership for suicide prevention between psychiatrists and journalists in Portugal, focused on improving the quality of suicide reporting. We hope this study may inspire similar studies in other countries, since suicide is an international public health problem and collaboration between media and mental health professionals can help to prevent it on a global scale.
Nanoindentation Hardness and Modulus of Al2O3–SiO2–CaO and MnO–SiO2–FeO Inclusions in Iron
Authors: Slagter Alejandra , Setyadji Jonathan Aristya , Vogt Eva Luisa , Hernández-Escobar David , Deillon Léa , Mortensen Andreas 
Published: February 2024

AbstractOxide inclusions appear in steel as a subproduct of steelmaking. These are generally detrimental to alloy properties; however, variations exist in the extent to which different inclusions are harmful because their properties vary as a function of their chemical composition. We use nanoindentation to measure the local elastic modulus and hardness of individual oxide particles, produced by precipitation within liquid iron, that belong to the systems Al2O3–SiO2–CaO and MnO–SiO2–FeO. Measured inclusion hardness values are typically in the range of 8 to 13 GPa and can reach 26 GPa for alumina-rich inclusions. Calcium aluminates rich in alumina are significantly stiffer than iron, with elastic moduli that can reach 350 GPa. On the contrary, calcium aluminates that are expected as a result of successful calcium treatment (i.e., with less than about 80 wt pct Al2O3 content) have elastic moduli below that of iron. This is also the case for the wide range of calcium aluminosilicates and of manganese silicates studied here. In addition, silicates containing about 70 to 80 wt pct MnO are observed to have a fine multiphase structure and an elastic modulus of ≈ 180 GPa. Those inclusions thus emerge as possible candidates if one aims to minimise, in loaded steel, stress concentrations associated with matrix-inclusion elastic mismatch.
Optimizing Interfaces in Laser-Brazed Ceramic-Stainless Steel Joints for Hydrothermal Sensors through Finite-Element Modeling
Authors: Feng Jian , Herrmann Marion , Reinecke Anne-Maria , Hurtado Antonio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe development of reliable joining techniques for ceramics and metals is crucial for energy applications, such as fuel cells, nuclear reactors, and high-temperature sensors, most especially for the sealing of hydrothermal sensors to study multiphase flows. However, during one-step active laser brazing it is a serious problem that a high thermal stress concentration can occur at the joint interfaces or on the ceramic side of the joint due to mismatches between the CTEs (coefficients of thermal expansion) and/or elastic constants. The uncontrolled thermal residual stress can lead to cracks and defects in the brazement. In the present work, an elastoplastic finite element method/numerical model was formulated to study the thermal residual stresses developed in the brazement between ceramics and austenitic stainless steel during cooling in active laser brazing. Calculations and comparison experiments were conducted to validate the simulated stress distribution in un-patterned ceramics. Stress analyses were conducted for planar and cylindrical specimen geometries (lab joints) relevant for miniaturized energy sensors. Laser interface patterning was employed to create micro-scale features on ceramic interfaces that reduce thermal stress concentrations. The optimization of the interface designing parameters including hatch size, structure width, pattern depth and metal/ceramic thickness ratio was performed using the Taguchi method with orthogonal arrays. The study suggests that laser interface structuring can modify thermal residual stresses in ceramic-to-metal brazements, thereby increasing the reliability of active brazing joints.
New Evidence of Neolithic Funerary Monuments from the Eastern Margins of the Long Barrows Territory in Central Europe
Authors: Krištuf Petr , Turek Jan , Fišer Jan , Gojda Martin , Chimalová Eliška , Křivánek Roman 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLate Neolithic long barrows are commonly found throughout Central and Northwestern Europe, within the Funnel Beaker Culture territory. The sites of this Culture are known from Bohemia covering a period between 3900 and 3400 BC. However, long barrows have not been detected in Bohemia for a long time. The main reason is that they are located in areas where they were affected by modern ploughing. A significant contribution to their recognition was the remote sensing of modern fields, especially aerial archaeology. Current research in Bohemia provided new evidence of dozens of long barrows of several types, significantly expanding our knowledge of this phenomenon in the southeastern margins of its distribution. A new type of long barrow has been identified in Bohemia using remote sensing and current excavation data. The characteristic parameters of the long barrows in Bohemia are an east-west orientation with the ceremonial place in the eastern front and the delineation of the perimeter by a palisade trough or a ditch. The mounds can be divided into at least two structural and chronological forms. The first is the narrow and sometimes extremely long mound with perimeter defined by a palisade trough dating to the 3900–3800 BC. The second type of barrow is enclosed by a trapezoidal ditch. Based on radiocarbon dating, these structures were constructed during the 3700–3600 BC. This type of monument is currently known exclusively from Bohemia.
Global Leadership Dynamics: Refining Executive Selection in Multinational Corporations
Authors: Liu Weng Shih-Kun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis research addresses a critical gap in the field of multinational corporations (MNCs) by exploring the decision-making processes involved in selecting senior executives for international assignments. The study acknowledges the escalating competition in global trade and the strategic establishment of overseas subsidiaries by MNCs. Central to the success of these ventures is the effective management of human resources, specifically the recruitment of senior executives, an area currently lacking comprehensive research. Our investigation offers a novel approach by identifying key management competencies, convening expert focus groups, and employing advanced methodologies such as FDM, DEMATEL, DANP, and VIKOR to analyze, prioritize, and rank selection factors. This study transcends academic interests, aiming to revolutionize how MNCs navigate the complexities of global leadership. It proposes a data-driven framework to enhance the understanding of managerial competencies required for successful international business operations. The research methodology includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses, focusing on technical proficiency, social skills, conceptual thinking, individual motivation, and personality as integral components of managerial competence. Particularly, it highlights the importance of “Individual Personality” as a pivotal dimension in the competency framework. Our findings provide MNCs with a structured framework for executive selection, emphasizing comprehensive assessments to ensure candidates possess a balanced mix of skills necessary for global leadership. This research bridges theoretical knowledge and practical requirements, empowering MNCs with tools to succeed in the competitive global marketplace and manage the dynamic landscape of international business effectively.
Can EU competition law save sports governance?
Authors: Zglinski Jan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe three December rulings of the Court of Justice of the European Union—European Superleague, International Skating Union, and Royal Antwerp—are important milestones in the development of EU sports law and policy. This article focuses on what is perhaps their most striking feature: the prominent place accorded to competition law. The judgments make several important changes and clarifications to how EU competition rules apply in the sporting context. This paper argues that the new legal framework paves the way for a more active use of competition law in sports cases. Although this is likely to have some positive effects on the quality of sports governance, it also carries the risk of exposing the field to an ill-fitting set of rules which follow a predominantly economic and de-regulatory rationale. Ultimately, even enhanced competition law will not be able to solve the manifold problems marring the world of sports—and is a poor substitute for sports regulation through legislative means.