bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting High Physical Function in People With Fibromyalgia
Authors: Rutledge Dana N. , Jones Kim , Jones C. Jessie 
Published: November 2007

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of high physical function in people with fibromyalgia (FM).
Design:
Cross‐sectional descriptive, correlational study of 2,580 persons with FM who responded to an online survey during fall 2005.
Methods:
The survey indicated self‐reported physical activity levels, functional abilities, symptoms, health care costs, employment status, work productivity, self management strategies. It had adequate validity and reliability. A significant binary logistic regression model of predictors of physical function (individual factors, symptoms, self management strategies) was validated using backwards logistic regression.
Findings:
Significant explanatory variables of high physical function were: men, greater education, younger age, lower intensity fatigue, spasticity, and balance problems, not using prescription pain medications, using aerobic or strength training exercise, and not using relaxation methods.
Conclusions:
People with FM suffer from multiple symptoms and use many modalities to control symptoms to remain functional. Given knowledge of predictors of physical function in FM, health care providers might be able to develop strategies to promote better functioning. Prospective trials are needed to track the natural course of study variables, measuring their effect on function, and to test effects of interventions to maximize function.
Determinants of Self‐Reported Physical Activity Among Jordanian Adults
Authors: Ammouri Ali A. , Neuberger Geri , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Al‐Haj Ahmad M. 
Published: November 2007

Purpose: To assess health‐promoting behaviors among adult Jordanians and examine relationships among individual characteristics (age, gender, income, and education), perceptual factors (perceived self‐efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers), competing demands, and self‐reported physical activity.
Design: A cross‐sectional, correlational design with self‐administered questionnaires was conducted in three major cities in Jordan.
Methods: Descriptive statistics and path analysis were used to examine the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on adults' physical activity.
Findings: Men scored higher than did women on physical activity, and women scored higher than did men on health responsibility. Total variance in self‐reported physical activity accounted for by independent variables was 30%. Self‐efficacy had the strongest direct effects, followed by perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and competing demands on physical activity. Age had the strongest indirect effect on physical activity participation via perceptual factors.
Conclusions: Counseling these adults for physical activity should include application of behavior change strategies suitable to age and focused on increasing self‐efficacy, decreasing barriers, increasing perception of benefits, and decreasing sedentary activities.
Perimetric sensitivity and response variability in glaucoma with single‐stimulus automated perimetry and multiple‐stimulus perimetry with verbal feedback
Authors: Miranda Marco A. , Henson David B. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract.Purpose:  To measure perimetric sensitivity and response variability of glaucomatous patients with single‐stimulus automated perimetry (SSAP) and multiple‐stimulus perimetry (MSP) with verbal feedback.Methods:  Frequency‐of‐seeing (FOS) data were collected from the same four visual field locations (normal and reduced sensitivity) in one eye of 10 glaucoma patients, using SSAP and MSP. The SSAP technique was similar to that used in routine clinical perimetry while the MSP technique required the patient to verbally report the positions of the seen stimuli (0–4, with no more than 1 in each quadrant) after each presentation. At each test location, stimuli (0.5°, 200 ms) were repeatedly presented at five or more intensities around the estimated threshold. FOS curves (logistic) were determined using a maximum likelihood method and the threshold sensitivity (50% seen) and response variability (20–80% seen range) were compared between the two perimetric techniques.Results:  There was an increase in sensitivity (mean = 1.9 dB, P < 0.01, Wilcoxon) and reduction in variability (mean range reduced from 3.7 to 2.5 dB, P < 0.01, Wilcoxon) with MSP. The increase in sensitivity with MSP varied between patients (P < 0.001, one‐way anova) with the mean MSP–SSAP sensitivity per eye ranging from 0.1 to 4.8 dB.Conclusion:  Patients have a higher sensitivity and less variability in their visual field when tested with MSP with verbal feedback than with SSAP. These differences vary between patients and a likely explanation is the better maintenance of attention with MSP and verbal feedback. This finding demonstrates how the variability found in routine clinical perimetry can be reduced through changes to the way in which the stimuli are presented and the way in which the patient responds.
Pseudoexfoliation in the Reykjavik Eye Study: prevalence and related ophthalmological variables
Authors: Arnarsson Arsaell , Damji Karim F. , Sverrisson Thordur , Sasaki Hiroshi , Jonasson Fridbert 
Published: November 2007

Abstract.Purpose: To examine the age and sex‐specific prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) and its relationship with some ophthalmological variables.Methods: We carried out a population‐based study using a random sample taken from the national population census for citizens of Reykjavik, aged ≥ 50 years. A total of 1045 individuals participated in all parts of the study. Pseudoexfoliation was established by slit‐lamp examination with a maximally dilated pupil carried out by two experienced ophthalmologists, who were masked to one another’s results except in cases of disagreement where they had to reach a consensus.Results: In all, 108 (10.7%) persons were found to have PEX in at least one eye. Prevalence increased from 2.5% in those aged 50–59 years to 40.6% in those aged ≥ 80 years. Women were more frequently affected than men (12.3% versus 8.7%). This difference remained statistically significant after controlling for the effect of age (p < 0.001). Eyes with PEX were found to have higher intraocular pressure (IOP) than eyes without PEX (p < 0.05). However, PEX was not found to be related to central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, nuclear lens opacifications or optic disc morphology in a multivariate model.Conclusions: Pseudoexfoliation is an age‐related phenomenon commonly found in Iceland. It is more commonly found in women than in men and is associated with elevated IOP.
Hospital‐treated psychosis and suicide in a rural community (1877–2005). Part 2: Genetic founder effects
Authors: Andersen J. E. , Hynnekleiv T. 
Published: November 2007

Objective: To demonstrate the existence of genetic founder effects in hospital‐treated cases of psychosis and self‐harm in historical cohorts of a small rural population.Method: These cohorts consist of named persons born after 1845. The cumulative case registers were linked to the purported pedigrees of three presumed mentally ill founders living in the community in the 17th and 18th centuries. We compared the incidence of psychosis and self‐harm in the genetically unexposed population and in three exposed founder populations.Results: We found a preponderance of organic mental disorders and schizophrenia in the twice‐exposed founder population and of other non‐organic psychosis and self‐harm in the thrice‐exposed founder population.Conclusion: The genetic impact of the founders seems to have affected the incidence rates of severe psychiatric disorders of their descendants in two ways. A founder effect is detected in organic mental disorders and schizophrenia, and it seems to run independently of that detected in affective psychotic disorders and intentional self‐harm.
Asepsis during periodontal surgery involving oral implants and the usefulness of peri‐operative antibiotics: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Abu‐Ta'a Mahmoud , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim , Van Steenberghe Daniel 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjectives: This randomized clinical trial compares the usefulness of pre‐ and post‐operative antibiotics while strict asepsis was followed during periodontal surgery.Material and Methods: Two groups of 40 consecutive patients each with fully or partially edentulous jaws were enrolled. Antibiotics group (GrAB+): 23 men, mean age 60, 128 implants, received oral amoxicillin 1 g, 1 h pre‐operatively and 2 g for 2 days post‐operatively. Non‐antibiotics group (GrAB−): 20 men, mean age 57, 119 implants, received no antibiotics. Bacterial samples were taken from the peri‐oral skin before and at the end of surgery. In 12 patients in each group, samples were also taken from the nares. A VAS questionnaire evaluated symptoms of infection/inflammation by both the patient and the periodontologist at suture removal.Results: There were no significant differences between both groups, neither for the clinical parameters nor for the microbiota. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in the nares of one patient only. The patients' subjective perception of post‐operative discomfort was significantly smaller in the group receiving antibiotics. Three patients lost one or two implants.Conclusions: Antibiotics do not provide significant advantages concerning post‐operative infections in case of proper asepsis. It also does not reduce peri‐oral microbial contamination. It does on the other hand reduce post‐operative discomfort.
Relationship between betel quid additives and established periodontitis among Bangladeshi subjects
Authors: Akhter Rahena , Hassan Nur Mohammad Monsur , Aida Jun , Takinami Shuichi , Morita Manabu 
Published: November 2007

AbstractAim: To determine the relationship between betel quid chewing additives and established periodontitis in Bangladeshi subjects.Material and Methods: A total of 864 subjects participated in this study. Among them, 140 pairs of sex‐ and age‐matched case subjects and control subjects were selected. A case was defined as a person who had at least two sites with a clinical attachment level (CAL)6 mm and at least one site with probing depth (PD)5 mm. Subjects who did not fulfill these criteria were considered as controls. Information on sociodemographic variables, psychological stress, dental health behaviour, smoking and betel quid chewing habits was obtained.Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that current betel quid chewers had greater probabilities of having established periodontal disease than did non‐chewers (odds ratio=3.97, p<0.05). Mean PD, mean CAL, mean percentage of bleeding on probing and number of missing teeth were significantly higher in chewers of betel quid with tobacco and masala than in chewers of betel quid without such additives adjusting for age, sex, smoking habit, body mass index, dental visit pattern, stress and plaque index. Higher frequency and longer duration of betel quid chewing showed a significant relation to an increase in periodontal parameters.Conclusion: The results indicate that betel quid additives might significantly enhance periodontitis in the population studied.
Hemangiopoietin supports animal survival and accelerates hematopoietic recovery of chemotherapy‐suppressed mice
Authors: Xu Zi Liang , Zhou Bin , Cong Xiu Li , Liu Yong Jun , Xu Bin , Li Yan Han , Gu Jie , Han Zhong Chao 
Published: November 2007

AbstractObjective:  To determine if recombinant human hemangiopoietin (HAPO), a novel growth factor for primitive cells of hematopoietic and endothelial cell lineages, accelerates hematopoietic reconstitution after high‐dose chemotherapy in vivo in mice.Methods:  Male Balb/c mice after treatment of 5‐flourouracil were subcutaneously injected with HAPO or its dilution for consecutive 10 d. Their survival and body weight together with peripheral blood were routinely tested. At day 7 and 14, the numbers of bone marrow (BM) cells as well as colony‐forming units (CFU) after in vitro colony culture were counted. The peripheral blood CFU and the percentage of CD34+CD117+ cells in BM were analyzed. Transwell chamber was used for cell migratory assay.Results:  HAPO at different doses significantly increased the survival rate and body weight, with an optimal effect in the HAPO 10 μg/d group. The number of BM cells and the percentage of CD34+CD117+ cells were also increased after HAPO administration. The number of granulocyte/macrophage CFU and granulocyte, erythroid, macrophage and megakaryocyte CFU in BM after HAPO treatment was greater than that from the HAPO dilution group. More circulating CFU could be observed after injection of HAPO. In addition, this novel cytokine had a chemotactic effect on the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.Conclusion:  HAPO improves animal survival and accelerates hematopoietic reconstitution of mice after high‐dose chemotherapy.
Differential regulation of innate immune response genes in gingival epithelial cells stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Laube D. M. , Dongari‐Bagtzoglou A. , Kashleva H. , Eskdale J. , Gallagher G. , Diamond G. 
Published: November 2007

Background and Objective:  The gingival epithelium provides the first line of defense against colonization by periodontal pathogens, both as a physical barrier and by the production of inducible innate immune mediators such as β‐defensins and pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The gram‐negative bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is implicated in the pathogenesis of localized aggressive periodontitis, although the bacterium is found widely in the healthy population. We hypothesized that gingival epithelial cell‐derived innate immune mediators triggered in response to A. actinomycetemcomitans infection may play an important role in increased susceptibility to infection.Material and Methods:  Primary cultures of human gingival epithelial cells were cultured in the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Total mRNA was examined for the presence of innate immune markers using RT‐PCR.Results:  We show here that the mRNA levels of human β‐defensin 2 and interleukin‐8 are elevated by live cultures of a clinical isolate of A. actinomycetemcomitans in cultured gingival epithelial cells from healthy individuals, but not by A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide. Cells from a patient with localized aggressive periodontitis, however, did not respond to this bacterial stimulation. In contrast, the pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐19 was induced in cells from both localized aggressive periodontitis and healthy subjects. Examination of Toll‐like receptors and associated adapter molecules indicated lower levels of Toll‐like receptor 2 mRNA in the localized aggressive periodontitis patient‐derived cells compared with cells from healthy subjects.Conclusion:  These results suggest that a differential expression of innate immune response genes to A. actinomycetemcomitans in the gingival epithelium could be an underlying factor of susceptibility to localized aggressive periodontitis.
Quality of life and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Goracci Arianna , Martinucci Mirko , Kaperoni Anastassia , Fagiolini Andrea , Sbaragli Chiara , Corsi Eleonora , Castrogiovanni Paolo 
Published: November 2007

Objective:This study investigates the relationship between subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and quality of life (QoL) in a sample from the Italian general population.Methods:A sample of 202 psychiatrically healthy (defined as absence of current axis I and axis II disorders) subjects was recruited by word of mouth from the residential population in the Siena, Salerno and Milano municipalities (Italy). All study subjects completed the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) and the Questionnaire for Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum (OBS-SR), which explore a wide array of threshold and subthreshold OCD symptoms, behaviours and traits. A diagnostic assessment was conducted to exclude the presence of DSM-IV axis I and axis II disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders, respectively.Results:A statistically significant correlation was found between the OBS-SR total score and the Q-LES-Q domains of physical health, subjective feelings, work, school, social relationships and general activities. There was also a statistically significant correlation between several Q-LES-Q and OBS-SR domains.Conclusions:The presence of subthreshold OCD is correlated with poorer QoL. More research is needed to evaluate if specific therapeutic interventions targeting subthreshold obsessive-compulsive symptoms can lead to a significant improvement in the QoL of the affected individuals.
Accurate Transfer of Peri‐implant Soft Tissue Emergence Profile from the Provisional Crown to the Final Prosthesis Using an Emergence Profile Cast
Authors: ELIAN NICOLAS , TABOURIAN GERARD , JALBOUT ZIAD N. , CLASSI ANTHONY , CHO SANG‐CHOON , FROUM STUART , TARNOW DENNIS P. 
Published: November 2007

ABSTRACTBackground:  The use of impression copings to make the final impression results in a master cast in which the soft tissue configuration around the implant platform is circular. Therefore, any soft tissue sculpting developed clinically by the provisional restoration is squandered.Purpose:  The purpose of this report was to present a method for the precise transfer of the peri‐implant soft‐tissue developed by a customized provisional restoration to an emergence profile cast.Materials and Methods:  The emergence profile cast is obtained from an impression of the implant‐supported provisional restoration and poured with a soft tissue model material. It is used for the fabrication of the emergence profile of the implant abutment and the cervical section of the crown.Conclusion:  The technique described is simple, accurate, predictable, and does not require additional chair time for the customization of the impression coping or the fabrication of a new provisional restoration.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThis article describes a technique that results in an implant restoration that mimics accurately in its emergence profile that of the carefully crafted and customized provisional restoration. The reproduction of the soft tissue contour from the provisional to the final restoration results in an improved esthetic outcome of the final restoration.(J Esthet Restor Dent 19:306–315, 2007)
Make your Best Guess: An updated method for paediatric weight estimation in emergencies
Authors: Tinning Katie , Acworth Jason 
Published: November 2007

AbstractBackground:  For children requiring weight‐based resuscitative measures, it is often difficult to obtain an accurate weight. In these cases, it is common practice to estimate the weight based on age. As the average weight of Australian children has increased over the last two decades, the widely used advanced paediatric life support (APLS) method might systematically underestimate weight in paediatric patients.Objective:  To devise a simple age‐based method for estimating weight that is more accurate than the APLS method.Methods:  A retrospective observational study of all patients (aged 0–14 years) presenting to a tertiary paediatric ED over a 3 year period was performed. Presentations were divided into infants (<12 months), preschool‐aged (1–4 years) and school‐aged children (5–14 years). Weight measurements performed at triage were recorded and regression analysis performed to produce equations describing the relationship between weight and age for each group.Results:  There were 70 181 presentations suitable for inclusion in the present study. Mean weight for age (±2 SD) is presented in tabular form. Three simplified linear equations were derived to calculate mean weight for age.
image

image

image
Conclusion:  The present study devised an age‐based method for paediatric weight estimation which should more accurately predict weight than the widely used APLS formula.
Down‐Regulation of α1‐Adrenoceptor Expression by Lipid‐Soluble Smoke Particles through Transcriptional Factor Nuclear Factor‐κB Pathway
Authors: Zhang Wei , Cao Yong‐Xiao , He Jian‐Yu , Xu Cang‐Bao 
Published: November 2007

Abstract:  Smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease that is a leading cause of death and disability in Western countries. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of lipid‐soluble smoke particles (DSP) on α‐adrenoceptor expression in organ culture of rat mesenteric arteries and human epiploon arteries. Myograph and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction were employed to assess vascular smooth muscle contractibility and the receptor mRNA expression in the smooth muscle cells. Organ culture of the arterial segments in the presence of DSP (0.2 µl/ml) resulted in a significantly decreased contractile response to norepinephrine, compared to control (i.e. in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide) (P < 0.05). This was in parallel with a down‐regulation of α1A‐adrenoceptor mRNA expression in the smooth muscle, while α2‐adrenoceptor mRNA expression remained unchanged. General transcription inhibitor actinomycin D (10−5.4 M), but not the translational inhibitor cycloheximide (10−5 M), significantly abolished the DSP‐induced depressed contraction to norepinephrine. IMD‐0354 (10−7.5 M), a specific nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway inhibitor, markedly reversed the DSP‐induced down‐regulation of α1A‐adrenoceptor expression in the smooth muscle at both functional and mRNA levels. Thus, we have demonstrated that smoking‐induced down‐regulation of α1A‐adrenoceptor expression was via the transcriptional factor NF‐κB pathway.
Diffuse interstellar bands in z &lt; 0.6 Ca ii absorbers
Authors: Ellison Sara L. , York Brian A. , Murphy Michael T. , Zych Berkeley J. , Smith Arfon M. , Sarre Peter J. 
Published: November 2007

Abstract
The diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) probably arise from complex organic molecules whose strength in local galaxies correlates with neutral hydrogen column density, N(H i), and dust reddening, E(B−V). Because Ca ii absorbers in quasar (QSO) spectra are posited to have high N(H i) and significant E(B−V), they represent promising sites for the detection of DIBs at cosmological distances. Here we present the results from the first search for DIBs in nine Ca ii-selected absorbers at 0.07 &gt; zabs &gt; 0.55. We detect the 5780-Å DIB in one line of sight at zabs= 0.1556; this is only the second QSO absorber in which a DIB has been detected. Unlike the majority of local DIB sight-lines, both QSO absorbers with detected DIBs show weak 6284-Å absorption compared with the 5780-Å band. This may be indicative of different physical conditions in intermediate redshift QSO absorbers compared with local galaxies. Assuming that local relations between the 5780-Å DIB strength and N(H i) and E(B−V) apply in QSO absorbers, DIB detections and limits can be used to derive N(H i) and E(B−V). For the one absorber in this study with a detected DIB, we derive E(B−V) = 0.23 mag and log N(H i) ≥ 20.9, consistent with previous conclusions that Ca ii systems have high H i column densities and significant reddening. For the remaining eight Ca ii-selected absorbers with 5780-Å DIB non-detections, we derive E(B−V) upper limits of 0.1–0.3 mag.