bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: Cholangiocarcinoma in a choledochal cyst
Authors: Chaturvedi Arti , Singh JP , Rastogi Vikas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma is a dreaded complication of unresected choledochal cysts, with an incidence approaching 20-30% in early adulthood. The risk of cholangiocarcinoma remains high where an internal drainage procedure has been performed and the cyst has been partially resected or left unresected. We report a case of cholangiocarcinoma occurring in an unresected choledochal cyst following a drainage procedure in infancy and highlight the role of PET/CT in its diagnosis.
Interventional radiology in the management of portal hypertension
Authors: Punamiya Sundeep J 
Published: February 2009

AbstractFrom being a mere (though important) diagnostic tool, radiology has evolved to become an integral part of therapy in portal hypertension today. Various procedures are currently available, the choice depending on the etiology and location of disease, the pathoanatomy, and the symptomatology. The main aim of any procedure is to reduce the portal pressure by either direct or indirect methods. This can be achieved with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), recanalization of the hepatic vein outflow, recanalization of the portal vein and its tributaries, recanalization of dysfunctional portosystemic shunts, partial splenic embolization, and embolization of arterioportal shunts. When any of these procedures cannot be performed due to anatomical or physiological reasons, the symptoms can often be controlled effectively with embolization of varices or balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration of varices (BRTO). This article briefly describes the procedures, their results, and their current status in the treatment of portal hypertension.
Storage media for computers in radiology
Authors: Dandu Ravi Varma 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe introduction and wide acceptance of digital technology in medical imaging has resulted in an exponential increase in the amount of data produced by the radiology department. There is an insatiable need for storage space to archive this ever-growing volume of image data. Healthcare facilities should plan the type and size of the storage media that they needed, based not just on the volume of data but also on considerations such as the speed and ease of access, redundancy, security, costs, as well as the longevity of the archival technology. This article reviews the various digital storage media and compares their merits and demerits.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal syndromes
Authors: Rama Murthy BS 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA syndrome is a pattern of multiple anomalies arising due to a single known causative factor. Ultrasonography has enabled us to recognize many fetal anomalies and dysmorphic features. Recognition of the anomaly pattern leads to the diagnosis of a particular syndrome. This enables us to counsel prospective parents and aids in management. We present a selection of fetal syndromes in the form of a pictorial essay.
Role of cervical ultrasonography in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Shaheen Feroze , Chowdry Nisar , Gojwari Tariq , Wani Arshad Iqbal , Khan Showkat 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAim: To evaluate the role of USG in the preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas in patients with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism and to compare its usefulness with that of scintigraphy scan and postoperative findings.
Material and methods : Twenty-five patients with symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism were subjected to USG of the neck and nuclear scintigraphy, followed by surgery. The results were independently analyzed and compared with per-operative findings.
Results : The 25 patients had a total of 28 abnormal glands: 22 solitary adenomas, and 6 multiple adenomas (two each in three patients). USG detected 20 out of 22 solitary adenomas and three out of six multiple adenomas. USG missed five abnormal glands, two of which were in the neck and three in the mediastinum. Scintigraphy was positive in 26 abnormal glands, out of which 22 were single and four were multiple. Two abnormal glands were missed: one in the neck and one in the mediastinum.
Conclusion: As limited neck dissection for primary hyperparathyroidism becomes increasingly popular, USG has been found to be a sensitive, specific, and easily available noninvasive investigation for parathyroid localization. It can be easily offered to patients as a method for preoperative localization prior to limited parathyroid surgery outside tertiary care settings.
Case Report: Spontaneous aneurysm of ductus arteriosus: A rare cause of hoarseness of voice in adults
Authors: Gothi Rajesh , Ghonge Nitin P 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOrtner′s syndrome (left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy caused by cardiovascular pathology) is described in literature as occurring secondary to a variety of conditions. Spontaneous aneurysm of ductus arteriosus is a rare cause of this condition. We present a case where an adult patient with an aneurysm of the ductus arteriosus presented for the first time at the age of 62 years with hoarseness of voice secondary to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
Image-guided lumbar facet joint infiltration in nonradicular low back pain
Authors: Chaturvedi Arti , Chaturvedi Sunil , Sivasankar Rajiv 
Published: February 2009

Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of facet joint infiltrations for pain relief in 44 selected patients with chronic nonradicular low back pain (LBP). Materials and Methods: Forty-four patients with chronic LBP of more than 3 months′ duration were selected for facet joint infiltration. The majority (n = 24) had facetal pain with no evidence of significant facetal arthropathy on imaging. Fifteen patients had radiological evidence of facetal arthropathy, one had a facet joint synovial cyst, three were post-lumbar surgery patients, and two patients had spondylolysis. Facet joint injections were carried out under fluoroscopic guidance in 39 patients and under CT guidance in 5 cases. Pain relief was assessed using the visual analog scale at 1 h post-procedure and, thereafter, at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Results: A total of 141 facet joints were infiltrated in 44 patients over a 2-year period. There was significant pain relief in 81.8% patients 1 h after the procedure, in 86.3% after 1 week, in 93.3% after 4 weeks, in 85.7% after 12 weeks, and in 62.5% after 24 weeks. No major complications were encountered. Conclusions: Facet nerve block was found to be a simple, minimally invasive, and safe procedure. With meticulous patient selection, we achieved long-term success rates of over 60%. We conclude that this method represents an important alternative treatment for nonradicular back pain.
Three-dimensional imaging for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases: Emphasis on clinical utility
Authors: Kim Soo Jin , Choi Byung Ihn , Kim Se Hyung , Lee Jae Young 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) imaging allows disease processes and anatomy to be better understood, both by radiologists as well as physicians and surgeons. 3D imaging can be performed with USG, CT scan and MRI, using different modes or rendering that include surface-shaded display, volume-based rendering, multiplanar imaging, etc. All these techniques are used variably depending on the indications.
Monitor displays in radiology: Part 1
Authors: Indrajit IK , Verma B 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMonitor displays are an integral part of today′s radiology work environment, attached to workstations, USG, CT/MRI consoles and PACS terminals. For each modality and method of use, the correct display monitor needs to be deployed. It helps to have a basic understanding of how monitors work and what are the issues involved in their selection.
Pictorial essay: Coronary artery variants and anomalies
Authors: Rahalkar Anand M. , Rahalkar Mukund D. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractCT coronary angiography has helped radiologists understand the variations and anomalies of the anatomy of the coronary arteries and, thus, to alert the cardiologist whenever such an anomaly is present. This can be of immense help to the clinician planning interventional procedures such as stenting, balloon dilatation, or graft surgery, particularly when there are secondary changes of calcification, plaque formation and stenosis.
Fetal diastematomyelia: MR imaging: A case report
Authors: Kulkarni Makarand , Ruparel Mitosh , Redkar Rajeev 
Published: February 2009

AbstractMRI is increasingly being used in the diagnosis of fetal anomalies suspected on USG. The USG evaluation of fetal spinal anomalies is limited by acoustic shadowing, fetal position and the amount of liquor. Fetal MRI is able to show spinal anomalies well, as in our case of fetal diastematomyelia with a dorsal dermal sinus, suspected on USG at 28 weeks gestation.
Schnelle Synthese von Benzofluorenen durch selenvermittelte Carbocyclisierungen
Authors: Shahzad Sohail A. , Wirth Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractEin Ring ist nicht genug: Eine neuartige doppelte Cyclisierung führt ausgehend von Stilbenen über Dihydronaphthaline zu Benzo[b]fluorenen. Der entscheidende Schritt ist eine durch Selenelektrophile in Gegenwart von Lewis‐Säuren vermittelte intramolekulare Knüpfung von C‐C‐Bindungen.magnified image
Zeolitic Boron Imidazolate Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wu Tao , Zhou Cong , Chen Shumei , Feng Pingyun , Bu Xianhui 
Published: February 2009

AbstractB‐hive? A family of crystalline materials analogous to porous AlPO4 but based on boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs) can be formed by the crosslinking of various presynthesized boron imidazolates with monovalent cations (Li+ and Cu+, see picture). This synthetic method is capable of generating a large variety of open frameworks, ranging from the four‐connected zeolitic sodalite type to the three‐connected chiral (10,3)‐a type.magnified image
Fast Synthesis of Benzofluorenes by Selenium‐Mediated Carbocyclizations
Authors: Shahzad Sohail A. , Wirth Thomas 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWhen one ring is not enough: A new double cyclization of stilbene derivatives results in benzo[b]fluorenes via dihydronaphthalenes. The presence of a selenium electrophile and a Lewis acid are crucial for the formation of the CC bonds.magnified image
Total Synthesis of Sporolide B
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Tang Yefeng , Wang Jianhua 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAn ocean of discovery: The first total synthesis of the highly oxygenated, marine‐derived, natural product sporolide B has been achieved through a convergent strategy. The key steps involve a ruthenium‐catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition to assemble the indene structural motif and a thermally induced Diels–Alder‐type reaction to forge the macrocycle (see scheme).magnified image
VESGEN 2D: Automated, User‐Interactive Software for Quantification and Mapping of Angiogenic and Lymphangiogenic Trees and Networks
Authors: Vickerman Mary B. , Keith Patricia A. , McKay Terri L. , Gedeon Dan J. , Watanabe Michiko , Montano Monica , Karunamuni Ganga , Kaiser Peter K. , Sears Jonathan E. , Ebrahem Quteba , Ribita Daniela , Hylton Alan G. , Parsons‐Wingerter Patricia 
Published: February 2009

AbstractPseudocolor view of vascular branching generations in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of quail. Vascular architecture was analyzed using the automated, user‐interactive software, VESsel GENeration Analysis (VESGEN). See Vickerman, et al., on page 320, in this issue.
Comparative study of corn stover pretreated by dilute acid and cellulose solvent‐based lignocellulose fractionation: Enzymatic hydrolysis, supramolecular structure, and substrate accessibility
Authors: Zhu Zhiguang , Sathitsuksanoh Noppadon , Vinzant Todd , Schell Daniel J. , McMillan James D. , Zhang Y.‐H. Percival 
Published: February 2009

AbstractLiberation of fermentable sugars from recalcitrant biomass is among the most costly steps for emerging cellulosic ethanol production. Here we compared two pretreatment methods (dilute acid, DA, and cellulose solvent and organic solvent lignocellulose fractionation, COSLIF) for corn stover. At a high cellulase loading [15 filter paper units (FPUs) or 12.3 mg cellulase per gram of glucan], glucan digestibilities of the corn stover pretreated by DA and COSLIF were 84% at hour 72 and 97% at hour 24, respectively. At a low cellulase loading (5 FPUs per gram of glucan), digestibility remained as high as 93% at hour 24 for the COSLIF‐pretreated corn stover but reached only ∼60% for the DA‐pretreated biomass. Quantitative determinations of total substrate accessibility to cellulase (TSAC), cellulose accessibility to cellulase (CAC), and non‐cellulose accessibility to cellulase (NCAC) based on adsorption of a non‐hydrolytic recombinant protein TGC were measured for the first time. The COSLIF‐pretreated corn stover had a CAC of 11.57 m2/g, nearly twice that of the DA‐pretreated biomass (5.89 m2/g). These results, along with scanning electron microscopy images showing dramatic structural differences between the DA‐ and COSLIF‐pretreated samples, suggest that COSLIF treatment disrupts microfibrillar structures within biomass while DA treatment mainly removes hemicellulose. Under the tested conditions COSLIF treatment breaks down lignocellulose structure more extensively than DA treatment, producing a more enzymatically reactive material with a higher CAC accompanied by faster hydrolysis rates and higher enzymatic digestibility. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 715–724. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of uncertainties in pH, pMg, activity coefficients, metabolite concentrations, and other factors on the analysis of the thermodynamic feasibility of metabolic pathways
Authors: Vojinović Vojislav , von Stockar Urs 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThermodynamic feasibility analysis (TFA) has been used as a tool capable of providing additional constraints to the mass balance‐based methods of analysis of metabolic networks (e.g., flux balance analysis). Several publications have recently appeared in which TFA of different metabolic pathways from relatively simple to the genome‐scale networks was described as a means of detecting the possible metabolic control steps. However, in order to perform TFA, many simplifying assumptions were necessary. On the other hand, it has been shown by applying TFA to the well‐known pathway of glycolysis that erroneous simplifying assumptions may seriously bias the results of the analysis. A quantitative analysis of the influence of non‐ideality of the biochemical system, pH, temperature, and complexation of the metabolites with Mg2+ ions as well as a number of other factors on the TFA is reported. It is shown that the feasibility of glycolysis is very seriously limited by the reaction of oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde phosphate, and that the intracellular concentration of the main product of this reaction, biphosphoglycerate, must be anywhere from 10 to 100 times lower than published values. In addition, the driving force for this reaction, and consequently the feasibility of the entire pathway depend strongly on the intracellular pH and ionic strength and to a lesser extent on pMg and temperature. The analysis may also be influenced by uncertainties of the dissociation and magnesium complexation constants of glyceraldehyde phosphate. The analysis demonstrates the crucial importance of taking such factors into account when performing TFA. It also suggests an urgent need for experimental determinations of such factors as a prerequisite for sensible thermodynamic analysis of metabolism on a genome‐wide scale. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009;103: 780–795. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Behavioral and neurological foundations for the moral and legal implications of intoxication, addictive behaviors and disinhibition
Authors: Leeman Robert F. , Grant Jon E. , Potenza Marc N. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDisinhibition and addictive behaviors are related and carry moral implications. Both typically involve diminished consideration of negative consequences, which may result in harm to oneself or others. Disinhibition may occur on state and trait levels, and addictive substances may elicit disinhibitory states, particularly when intoxication is reached. Data suggest that trait disinhibition and addictions may be conceptualized as involving misdirected motivation with underlying biological bases including genetic factors, alterations in neurotransmitter systems and differences in regional brain function. The influences of intoxication on the brain share similarities with cognitive impairments in individuals with chronic substance abuse and those with trait disinhibition related to frontal lobe injuries. These findings raise questions about volitional impairment and morality. Although impaired volition related to disinhibition and addictive behaviors has been studied from multiple perspectives, additional research is needed to further characterize mechanisms of impairment. Such findings may have important implications in multiple legal and psychiatric domains. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dispersed Phantom Scatterer Technique Reveals Subtle Differences in Substrate Recognition by Phospholipase D Inactive Mutants
Authors: Morasso Carlo , Bellini Tommaso , Monti Daniela , Bassi Mattia , Prosperi Davide , Riva Sergio 
Published: February 2009

AbstractStretch out: An elastic light‐scattering‐based method that makes use of phantom nanoparticles as a substrate organizer (see illustration) allowed the quantitative evaluation of the molecular recognition events between a series of inactivated mutants of phospholipase D and lysophosphatidylcholine. The results highlight the remarkable effects on binding capability caused by single amino acid substitutions.magnified image
DNA and RNA‐Controlled Switching of Protein Kinase Activity
Authors: Röglin Lars , Altenbrunn Frank , Seitz Oliver 
Published: February 2009

AbstractConstrained: The readily programmable nucleic acid mediated recognition is used to constrain a phosphopeptide that was flanked by PNA segments. RNA‐based switching allows control over the activity of target enzymes such as the protein kinase Src. It might thus be feasible to transduce changes of the concentration of selected RNA molecules to changes of the activity of signal transduction proteins.magnified imageProtein switches use the binding energy gained upon recognition of ligands to modulate the conformation and binding properties of protein segments. We explored whether the programmable nucleic acid mediated recognition might be used to design or mimic constraints that limit the conformational freedom of peptide segments. The aim was to design nucleic acid–peptide conjugates in which the peptide portion of the conjugate would change the affinity for a protein target upon hybridization. This approach was used to control the affinity of a PNA–phosphopeptide conjugate for the signal transduction protein Src kinase, which binds the cognate phosphopeptides in a linear conformation. Peptide–nucleic acid arms were attached to known peptide binders. The chimeric molecules were studied in three modes: 1) as single strands, 2) constrained by intermolecular hybridization (duplex formation) and 3) constrained by intramolecular hybridization (hairpin formation). Of note, duplexes that were designed to accommodate bulged peptide structures (for example, in hairpins or bulges) had lower binding affinities than duplexes in which the peptide was allowed to adopt a more relaxed conformation. Greater than 90‐fold differences in binding affinities were observed. It was, thus, feasible to make use of DNA hybridization to reversibly switch from no to almost complete inhibition of Src‐SH2–peptide binding, and vice versa. A series of DNA and PNA‐based hybridization experiments revealed the importance of charges and conformational effects. Nucleic acid mediated switching was extended to the use of RNA; this enabled a regulation of the enzymatic activity of the Src kinase. The proof‐of‐principle results demonstrate for the first time that PNA–peptide chimeras can transduce changes of the concentration of a given RNA molecule to changes of the activity of a signal transduction enzyme.
Cover Picture: Screening for Cytochrome P450 Reactivity by Harnessing Catalase as Reporter Enzyme (ChemBioChem 4/2009)
Authors: Rabe Kersten S. , Spengler Mark , Erkelenz Michael , Müller Joachim , Gandubert Valerie J. , Hayen Heiko , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe cover picture shows a bacterial cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP152A1, blue protein) screening for new substrates, such as nifidepine (highlighted green). The identification of novel reactivities of P450 enzymes is of major importance for applications in biocatalysis, biosensing and metabolic engineering. In their contribution on p. 751 ff, Niemeyer et al. report a novel assay for the rapid and facile screening of substrate libraries for organic hydroperoxide‐mediated P450 reactivity. Peroxide depletion is monitored in a fluorescence microplate assay, by harnessing a previously undescribed reactivity of the enzyme catalase (orange protein structure). The assay thus connects the occurrence of P450 reactivity with a universal read‐out, thereby circumventing the need for substrate‐specific detection schemes.magnified image
Exponential data fitting using multilinear algebra: the decimative case
Authors: Papy Jean‐Michel , De Lathauwer Lieven , Van Huffel Sabine 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper presents a high‐precision method for the estimation of the parameters of a signal, modelled as a finite sum of complex damped exponentials, whose poles may be close. It is well known that increasing the sampling rate increases the accuracy of traditional methods, like total least squares (TLSs)‐ESPRIT and HTLS, in the case of closely spaced exponentials. However, in the case of long sequences, the computational complexity makes these methods hard to apply. To overcome this problem, the HTLSDstack and the HTLSDsum methods make use of decimated sequences. In this paper, we propose a higher order counterpart of HTLSDstack, based on concepts from multilinear algebra. Basically, it consists of decimating an oversampled signal by a factorD, making sure that no aliasing occurs. Each sequence is arranged in a Hankel matrix and theDHankel matrices are stacked in a third‐order tensor. A dimensionality reduction algorithm is applied to the tensor and the resulting subspace is used to retrieve the parameters of interest. The dimensionality reduction is possibly unsymmetric in the different modes of the tensor, which allows us to take into account ill conditioning when poles are close. The new method yields better results than HTLSDstack while its complexity stays fairly low compared to non‐decimative methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear regression checking via local polynomial smoothing with applications to thermogravimetric analysis
Authors: Cao Ricardo , Naya Salvador 
Published: February 2009

AbstractA goodness‐of‐fit test statistic for nonlinear regression models based on local polynomial estimation is proposed in this paper. The criterion used to construct the test is the distance between the parametric fit and the nonparametric regression estimation. The good performance of the test is shown via a simulation study. The method is applied to check a logistic mixture regression model for real data coming from a thermal analysis problem. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.