bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2‐D protein maps of rat gastrocnemius and soleus muscles: A tool for muscle plasticity assessment
Authors: Gelfi Cecilia , Viganò Agnese , De Palma Sara , Ripamonti Marilena , Begum Shajna , Cerretelli Paolo , Wait Robin 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFunctional characterization of muscle fibers relies on ATPase activity and on differential measurements of metabolic proteins, including mitochondrial and glycolytic enzymes, glucose, lactate and lactic acid transporters, calcium cycling proteins and components of the contractile machinery. The recent introduction of microarray technology has enabled detailed gene expression studies under different physiological and pathological conditions, thus generating novel hypotheses on muscle function. However, microarray approaches are limited by the incomplete genome coverage of currently available chips, and by poor correlation between mRNA concentration and protein expression level. We have used 2‐DE and MS to build a reference map of proteins from rat mixed gastrocnemius and soleus muscle, and to assess qualitative and quantitative differences in protein distribution between these two functionally dissimilar muscles. More than 800 spots on each gel were detected by silver staining, of which 167 were excised, digested in‐gel with trypsin and analyzed by ESI‐MS/MS. One hundred and twenty eight distinct gene products were identified, including metabolic, transport and contractile proteins. Forty one spots displayed differences in relative expression level between mixed gastrocnemius and soleus samples. These data not only enable differentiation of functionally distinct slow‐twitch and fast‐twitch fiber types, but also provide tools for investigating muscle plasticity in response to physiological and environmental conditions such as aging or hypoxia.
Cancer‐related beliefs and health behavior change among breast cancer survivors and their first‐degree relatives
Authors: Rabin Carolyn , Pinto Bernardine 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIt is unclear why some cancer survivors and their relatives are motivated by the (personal or vicarious) cancer experience to make positive health behavior changes while others are not. Consistent with Leventhal's Commonsense Model, we hypothesized that breast cancer survivors and their first‐degree relatives (FDRs) would change behaviors they believed: (1) had caused the survivor's cancer or (2) could prevent a future cancer incidence. Sixty‐five breast cancer survivors (stages 0–III) and 33 FDRs were recruited. Assessments occurred within three months of the survivor completing treatment (i.e. all surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation) and again three months later. Findings indicate that survivors who believed that unhealthy diet, insufficient exercise, or alcohol consumption contributed to their cancer were more likely to modify the relevant behavior. Likewise, survivors were more likely to implement healthy changes they believed would ward off a recurrence. Findings were similar when data from FDRs was added to the sample. Thus, healthy lifestyle changes after a personal (and possibly a vicarious) cancer diagnosis are tied to whether individuals believe changes can affect cancer outcomes. Given the role of health behavior change in reducing medical risks, these findings have important implications for maintaining the health of cancer survivors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Requests for information by family and friends of cancer patients calling the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service
Authors: Rutten Lila J. Finney , Squiers Linda , Treiman Katherine 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPurpose: To characterize their information needs, we examined the main topics of inquiry and discussion (subjects of interaction, SOI) of calls made by family and friends of cancer patients to the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Information Service's (CIS) 1‐800‐4‐CANCER telephone information service and summarized differences by sociodemographic characteristics.Design and analysis: Data from 26 789 family or friends of cancer patients calling the CIS between September 2002 and August 2003 were analyzed. Frequencies, χ2's, and logistic regressions were conducted to ascertain sample characteristics and sociodemographic correlates of each SOI.Results and conclusions: The greatest proportion of calls concerned specific treatment information (54.9%) and general cancer site information (36.9%). Calls about specific treatment information were more likely among Asians, Hawaiian Natives, and Pacific Islanders (OR=1.23, 1.04–1.45), and those with higher education (OR=1.21, 1.18–1.25). As age increased, the odds of calls about specific treatment information also increased (OR=1.05, 1.03–1.07). Females (OR=0.78, 0.72–0.84), Hispanics (OR=0.77, 0.67–0.89), African‐Americans (OR=0.68, 0.61–0.76), and American‐Indians and Alaskan Natives (OR=0.74, 0.58–0.93) were less likely to inquire about specific treatment information. Inquiries about general cancer site information were more likely among females (OR=1.14, 1.06–1.23) and less likely among younger callers (OR=0.95, 0.93–0.97) and African‐Americans (OR=0.87, 0.78–0.98). Differences in inquiries made by sociodemographic subgroups can inform the CIS' and other cancer‐related organizations' efforts to develop and disseminate cancer information for family and friends of cancer patients. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Child Presenting with Acute Hemoptysis
Authors: Teeratakulpisarn Jamaree , Srinakarin Jiraporn , Tontisirin Cherdchai , Lumbiganon Pagakrong , Mitchai Jumphol 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWe report on a tuberculous child whose only presenting symptom was acute hemoptysis. His chest radiograph revealed a mass‐like lesion occupying the posterior basal segment of the right lower lung field. Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) of the chest showed a hypodense mass supplied by the bronchial artery and drained by the pulmonary vein. Surgical specimens revealed caseating granulomatous inflammation, positive for acid‐fast bacilli. The child was successfully treated with a short‐course (6‐month) regimen of antituberculous drugs. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A preliminary analysis and model of prostate injection distributions
Authors: Chowning Scott L. , Susil Robert C. , Krieger Axel , Fichtinger Gabor , Whitcomb Louis L. , Atalar Ergin 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPURPOSEUnderstanding the internal dynamics of prostate injections, particularly injection pattern distribution is a key step to developing new therapies for prostate disease that may be best served with a direct injection approach. Due to excellent properties involving liquid contrast agents, MRI can be used for targeting and monitoring of injections into organs and tissues.MATERIALS AND METHODSEleven intraprostatic injections were performed in vivo with canines using a custom transrectal guiding and imaging system for use in a standard 1.5 T MR scanner. In addition, 25 injections were performed on excised cadaveric human prostates, using a MedRad Spectris™ injector system. MRI was used to guide the injections and monitor intraparenchymal injection distribution.RESULTST1 and T2‐weighted MR images were correlated with histology to produce three‐dimensional data sets that can be used to analyze trends in injection patterns. This analysis was used to develop strategies for injection prediction such as gadolinium preinjections and diffusion‐weighted imaging guidance. In addition, a rough model of prostate injections is described, and a preliminary injection guide is developed that takes into account the individual clinician's goals for therapy.CONCLUSIONSMR visualization of injected therapeutic agents allows for prediction and monitoring of drug distributions, possibly improving efficacy and reducing side effects. Injection analysis and modeling may be used to assist in optimizing clinical treatments that require or would benefit from focal parenchymal injections into the prostate. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms in genes involved in sex hormone metabolism may increase risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Roberts Rosebud O. , Bergstralh Erik J. , Farmer Sara A. , Jacobson Debra J. , Hebbring Scott J. , Cunningham Julie M. , Thibodeau Stephen N. , Lieber Michael M. , Jacobsen Steven J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigates associations between polymorphisms in genes involved in sex hormone metabolism and measures of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsCommunity‐dwelling Caucasian men (n = 510, median age 60 years in 2000) from the Olmsted County, MN, participated in a longitudinal study of BPH. From 1990 through 2000, urologic measures of BPH were assessed biennially from lower urinary tract symptom severity, peak flow rates, prostate volume, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, acute urinary retention, and treatment for BPH. Men were genotyped for polymorphisms in genes involved in sex hormone metabolism.ResultsWith the wildtype genotype as reference, men with HSD3B1 (c.1100 A/C) heterozygous genotype (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.7, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.6, 0.9) were at decreased risk of an enlarged prostate and men with CYP19 (TTTA)n genotype homozygous for ≥175 TTTA repeats (HR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1, 2.1), and CYP19 (c.1531 C/T) homozygous T variant (HR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1, 2.2) were at increased risk of an enlarged prostate. The homozygous A variant of the PSA gene (g.‐252 G/A), was associated with treatment for BPH (HR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.2, 4.4). In multivariate analyses, the homozygous variant genotypes of AKR1C3 (c.15 G/A and c.90 G/A) were associated with a decreased risk of an enlarged prostate (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35, 0.90 and HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.33, 0.98).ConclusionsPolymorphisms in HSD3B1, CYP19, AKR1C3 genes may be associated with an enlarged prostate in older men. These data provide insights into genes that should be examined further for their potential role in the pathogenesis of BPH. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allelotyping analysis at chromosome 13q of high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and clinically insignificant and significant prostate cancers
Authors: Lu Wei , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Furusato Masakuni , Maekawa Suguru , Nakano Masataka , Meng Chenxi , Kikuchi Yasushi , Sudo Akemi , Hano Hiroshi 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBACKGROUNDLoss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 13q is one of the most common chromosomal alterations in high‐stage prostate cancer, yet little is known about genetic changes in earlier‐stage prostate cancer.METHODSWe used five microsatellite markers at 13q14, 21, and 33 to compare LOH frequencies in 51 lesions of high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), 21 cases of incidental prostate cancers (IPCs), 31 cases of latent prostate cancers (LPCs), and 102 cases of clinical prostate cancers (CPCs).RESULTSThe frequency of LOH at 13q with at least 1 marker was 0%, 38%, 56%, and 49% in HGPIN, IPCs, LPCs, and CPCs, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the types of prostate cancer. Allelic loss at 13q14 was significantly more frequent in pT4 tumors than in earlier‐stage tumors (P = 0.011).CONCLUSIONSAllelic loss at 13q is not only an important event in the metastasis of prostate cancer, but also associated with the initiation of the tumor. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The androgen receptor pathway is by‐passed in prostate cancer cells generated after prolonged treatment with bicalutamide
Authors: Hobisch Alfred , Fritzer Andreas , Comuzzi Barbara , Fiechtl Matthias , Malinowska Kamilla , Steiner Hannes , Bartsch Georg , Culig Zoran 
Published: November 2005

AbstractBackgroundExperimental work in various prostate cancer models revealed that the androgen receptor is frequently upregulated and implicated in tumor progression. However, little attention has been paid to the androgen receptor‐signaling pathway in the development of therapy resistance in patients who receive chronic treatment with a non‐steroidal anti‐androgen.MethodsWe have generated a novel subline, LNCaP‐Bic, after prolonged treatment with androgen and bicalutamide in vitro. Proliferation of LNCaP‐Bic cells in the absence or presence of androgen, tocopherol succinate, and/or bicalutamide was assessed by cell counting. Androgen receptor expression was determined by Western blot. Luciferase activity was measured in cells transfected with an androgen‐responsive reporter.ResultsIn basal conditions, proliferation of LNCaP‐Bic cells increased more than threefold over that of control LNCaP cells. Neither synthetic androgen R1881 nor bicalutamide showed any effect on LNCaP‐Bic growth in vitro. Androgen receptor expression did not differ between the cell subline generated in the presence of bicalutamide and parental LNCaP cells. The ability of R1881 to induce reporter gene activity in LNCaP‐Bic cells was reduced by 56%. Tocopherol succinate caused inhibition of proliferation only in the parental cell line although the androgen receptor and prostate‐specific antigen were downregulated by the vitamin E derivative in both parental LNCaP and LNCaP‐Bic cells.ConclusionsAndrogen receptor‐mediated signal transaction is not enhanced in cells selected in the presence of bicalutamide. Our data may suggest that a more differentiated approach in targeting the androgen receptor is needed in prostate cancers that become resistant to classic endocrine treatment. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An architectural pattern for designing component‐based application frameworks
Authors: Parsons David , Rashid Awais , Telea Alexandru , Speck Andreas 
Published: November 2005

AbstractA widely used architecture for the development of software systems is the component‐based application framework. Such frameworks offer two mechanisms. First, they provide component integration and interoperability services which make it possible to extend the framework with various third‐party components. Second, they provide mechanisms to customize the integrated components to the specific needs of applications to be built using the framework. This paper describes an architectural pattern for designing such frameworks so that the appropriate mix of fixed and flexible elements can be integrated into architectures that maximize scalability and extensibility. The pattern is illustrated by frameworks developed for three different application domains: electronic design automation, scientific visualization and numerical simulation, and industrial control systems. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Applying a framework for the improvement of software process maturity
Authors: Canfora Gerardo , García Félix , Piattini Mario , Ruiz Francisco , Visaggio C. A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThis article presents the results and lessons learned in the application of the Framework for the Modelling and Measurement of Software Processes (FMESP) in a software company dedicated to the development and maintenance of software for information systems. The aim of FMESP is to provide companies with a conceptual and technological framework for the management of their process models and measurement models in an integrated way. Modelling and measurement are two key factors to promote continuous process improvement. As a result, important benefits were obtained. The company improved the maturity of its processes which allowed it to obtain the ISO 9000 certification. From a research point of view, Action‐Research was successfully applied and as a result the framework was improved and important feedback was obtained, bringing to light new important issues which will be tacked in future work. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Psychosocial and demographic factors associated with response to prophylactic lithium. A systematic review for bipolar disorders
Authors: KLEINDIENST N. , ENGEL R. R. , GREIL W. 
Published: November 2005

Background. The aim was to systematically integrate the available evidence on psychosocial and demographic factors associated with response prediction to prophylactic lithium.Method. Each psychosocial or demographic variable that was related to lithium response in at least one study was examined with respect to response prediction. If several studies were located for the same variable results were integrated using a meta-analytical approach. To account for heterogeneity of primary studies aggregation of results was based on a random-effects model.Results. Out of 27 psychosocial and demographic variables investigated in this review, nine variables were identified as significantly related to outcome under to prophylactic lithium: (1) high social status, (2) social support, (3) good compliance, and (4) dominance may be protective against a recurrence under lithium. In contrast, (5) stress, (6) high expressed emotions, (7) neurotic personality traits, (8) unemployment, and (9) a high number of life events were identified as possible risk factors for poor response.Conclusions. This systematic review shows a surprisingly high number of psychosocial variables to be related to lithium response. Effect sizes were, however, small to moderate. Many variables should, therefore, be considered simultaneously to predict response.
Outpatient treatment with corticosteroids and antibiotics for acalculous cholecystitis in chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: ROJO PABLO , RUIZ‐CONTRERAS JESUS , GONZALEZ‐TOME MARIBEL , SERRANO CARMELO , MARIN MIGUEL A. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWe report the outpatient management of acalculous colecistitis in an 18‐y‐old male with X‐linked chronic granulomatous disease. The patient complained of abdominal pain and the initial ultrasound showed a gallbladder with a thickened wall.Conclusion: In chronic granulomatous disease, pain from a thickened gallbladder disappears after oral treatment with glucocorticoids and antibiotics.
Iron supplements reduce erythrocyte copper‐zinc superoxide dismutase activity in term, breastfed infants
Authors: DOMELLÖF MAGNUS , DEWEY KATHRYN G. , COHEN ROBERTA J. , LÖNNERDAL BO , HERNELL OLLE 
Published: November 2005

AbstractAim: To investigate whether iron supplements compromise copper status in infants.Methods: 214 healthy, term, breastfed Swedish and Honduran infants were randomized to (1) iron supplements (1 mg/kg/d) from 4–9 mo of age, (2) iron supplements from 6–9 mo, or (3) placebo. Blood samples were obtained at 4, 6, and 9 mo and analyzed for plasma copper (p‐Cu) and, at 9 mo, for copper/zinc‐dependent superoxide dismutase (CuZn‐SOD) activity.Results: P‐Cu increased with infant age. At 9 mo, Honduran infants had significantly higher p‐Cu (1.40 ± 0.29 vs 1.09 ± 0.22 mg/1, p < 0.001) and CuZn‐SOD activity (1.09 ± 0.29 vs 0.93 ± 0.21 U/mg Hb, p < 0.001) than Swedish infants. Infants receiving iron supplements from 4–9 mo had significantly lower CuZn‐SOD at 9 mo of age (0.95 ± 0.27 vs 1.08 ± 0.24 U/mg Hb,p = 0.023) than those receiving placebo.Conclusion: There is a physiologic increase in p‐Cu during the first 9 mo of life. Differences in copper status between Swedish and Honduran infants may be due to genetic or nutritional differences. Iron supplementation decreases CuZn‐SOD activity, probably due to a negative effect on copper status. Possible clinical implications remain to be elucidated.
The global obesity epidemic: Snacking and obesity may start with free meals during infant feeding
Authors: ERLANSON‐ALBERTSSON CHARLOTTE , ZETTERSTRÖM ROLF 
Published: November 2005

AbstractFeeding is vital for survival. The brain has strong hunger and reward mechanisms that ensure optimal food intake for adequate nutrition. The drive for feeding is particularly strong in humans whose large brains require large energy support. This starts immediately after birth; the newborn child being able to taste sucrose and suck the sweet and fat from its mother's milk. At present, mothers are generally advised to breastfeed children as often as they like, which may be up to 15 times a day. At the same time, childhood obesity is rapidly developing. One reason for the rapidly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity may be overfeeding with snack food.Conclusion: We hypothesize that non‐rule breastfeeding favours the development of snacking throughout the day during childhood, a habit which in turn favours the development of obesity.
When newborn infants are bound to die
Authors: SAUGSTAD OLA DIDRIK 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWithholding and withdrawing of intensive care of severely ill newborns may occasionally be needed when there is severe injury and extremely poor prognosis. In such cases, strict guidelines and procedures should be followed. In this issue of Acta Paediatrica, Arlettaz et al. describe such guidelines and report practice from the University Hospital in Zürich. To ensure an unbiased discussion, it is important that those who make decisions regularly receive input from external sources regarding indications of viability. This may be the case if, for instance, a unit has decided that the limit of viability is < 26 wk, and many children with good life expectancy would in such units be denied intensive care. Does a liberal view on withholding or withdrawing treatment lead to poorer overall outcome results even for babies above the threshold of viability specified by the institution?Conclusion: Strict procedures should be followed in the case of withholding or withdrawing intensive care of severely ill newborn infants. In every institution, the indications for ending life should be discussed on a regular basis, preferably with external input. However, euthanasia of newborn infants is not compatible with Western cultural traditions and should be abandoned.
LC‐PUFA content in human milk: Is it always optimal?
Authors: AGOSTONI CARLO 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe content of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC‐PUFAs) in human milk has been connected with infant growth and developmental indices. The LC‐PUFA content of human milk usually reflects the dietary habits of mothers, so questions have been raised regarding the possibility of enriching maternal diet with LC‐PUFAs during lactation (or even before) in order to improve infant outcome. Nevertheless, environmental and genetic factors have independent roles in affecting both maternal milk composition and infant development.Conclusion: Diet‐related differences in the LC‐PUFA composition of human milk are under active investigation for their possible contribution to infant development, but environment‐ and gene‐related differences in both human milk composition and maternal diet should be considered in evaluating the adaptive mechanisms of infants and the effects of specific LC‐PUFA dietary supplementations.