bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acidity and DAG Content of Olive Oils Recently Produced on the Island of Mallorca
Authors: Shimizu Masao , Kudo Naoto , Nakajima Yoshinobu , Matsuo Noboru , Katsuragi Yoshihisa , Tokimitsu Ichiro , Barceló Isabel , Mateu Catalina , Barceló Francisca 
Published: September 2008

AbstractIn this study, the quality characteristics, i.e., the acidity and acylglycerols, of currently produced Mallorcan oil was analyzed by titration and gas‐chromatographic technique, respectively, in approximately 400 samples of monovarietal olive oil made from three genetic varieties (Arbequina, Empeltre, and Picual) on the island of Mallorca during the 2003/2004 and 2005/2006 seasons, and the differences in the compositions were discussed. Composition analysis showed that free fatty acids (FFAs) and DAGs were produced mainly by hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs). Fruit storage tests revealed that hydrolysis occurred during storage of olive fruits. The DAG content was higher in oil with higher acidity, but the maximal DAG content was only about 10 with 30% acidity, and the primary isomer found in Mallorcan oil was 1,3‐DAG. However, the chiral‐chromatographic study on the ratio of sn‐1,2‐DAG to the sum of sn‐1,2‐DAG and sn‐2,3‐DAG in a slightly hydrolyzed oil sample indicated that Empeltre and Picual fruits possess an sn‐3‐enantioselective lipase that leads to accumulation of sn‐1,2‐DAG. In currently produced Mallorcan oil, significant isomerization appears to occur and hydrolysis of the resulting 1,3‐DAGs seems to lessen DAG accumulation.
Brief report: Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and psychological adjustment in adolescents with a chronic disease
Authors: Garnefski Nadia , Koopman Hendrik , Kraaij Vivian , ten Cate Rebecca 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTObjective of the study was to examine how cognitive emotion regulation strategies were related to psychological maladjustment in adolescents with a chronic disease. The sample consisted of adolescents with a diagnosis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). A self‐report questionnaire was used to assess Internalizing problems and Quality of Life. The specific cognitive emotion regulation strategies that were used in response to the disease were measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Correlations and Multiple regression analyses showed that Rumination and Catastrophizing were the most important ‘predictors’ of psychological maladjustment in adolescents with JIA, suggesting that they should be considered as maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in response to a chronic disease such as JIA. Challenging these maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies may therefore play an important role in intervention strategies.
Coping styles as moderating the relationships between terrorist attacks and well‐being outcomes
Authors: Braun‐Lewensohn Orna , Celestin‐Westreich Smadar , Celestin Leon‐Patrice , Verleye Gino , Verté Dominique , Ponjaert‐Kristoffersen Ingrid 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThis study aims to explore use of coping strategies among adolescents and their relationships with well being in the context of ongoing terrorism. Furthermore, we aim to explore to what extent coping styles in addition to exposure variables explain well being of adolescents facing ongoing terror. During September 2003, after three years of ongoing terror attacks, 913 Israeli adolescents aged 12–18 years, completed the following questionnaires during regular class sessions: Demographics, Achenbach's Youth Self Report; Exposure to Terror and Post Traumatic Stress (PTS) questionnaire; Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS) and Brief Symptoms Inventory. Adolescents employed mainly problem solving strategies which mean they have the capacity to cope well in spite of stressful events. Emotional focused coping was associated with PTS and mental health problems. Regression analysis of different exposure and coping variables revealed that exposure, appraisal (subjective exposure) and coping styles explained 26–37% of the variance of different psychological problems.The findings highlight the importance of appraisal (subjective exposure) and coping strategies, for understanding adolescents' mental health outcomes. Moreover, these findings are relevant to the development of prevention/intervention programs that facilitate youth's cognitive and emotional adjustments to ongoing trauma risks and terror threats.
Natural Rubber Latex: A Matter of Concern for Nurses
Authors: Bundesen Ing‐Marie 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTDURING THE PAST 20 YEARS, the use of protective gloves in health care has increased, as have hypersensitivity reactions to the natural rubber latex (NRL) used in glove manufacture.A STUDY WAS CONDUCTED to determine what nurses who work in environments in which NRL is commonly used know about NRL, including their education about and experience with NRL‐related allergies.NURSES REPLIED TO A QUESTIONNAIRE with 20 statements pertaining to NRL and NRL‐related allergies. The results showed that the nurses had inadequate knowledge about NRL, but nurses in a specialty training program scored significantly higher than professionally active nurses. AORN J 88 (August 2008) 197–210. © AORN, Inc, 2008.
Pediatric Laparoscopy
Authors: Harrington Stella , Simmons Kristy , Thomas Cynthia , Scully Susan 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTSIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for the adult population have led to increased application of MIS techniques for pediatric patients.LAPAROSCOPY IS THE MOST COMMON MIS procedure used in pediatrics. Traditional surgical procedures that are now being performed laparoscopically include gastrostomy, pyloromyotomy, and repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and imperforate anus.ALL PERIOPERATIVE TEAM MEMBERS must be prepared to provide appropriately sized instruments and equipment to facilitate use of MIS techniques in the pediatric population and must ensure safe patient care to achieve optimal patient outcomes.AORN J88 (August 2008) 211–236. © AORN, Inc, 2008.
Annexin A6 at the cardiac myocyte sarcolemma—Evidence for self‐association and binding to actin
Authors: Locate Salma , Colyer John , Gawler Debra J. , Walker John H. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe plasma membrane of the heart muscle cell and its underlying cytoskeleton are vitally important to the function of the heart. Annexin A6 is a major cellular calcium and phospholipid binding protein. Here we show that annexin A6 copurifies with sarcolemma isolated from pig heart. Two pools of annexin A6 are present in the sarcolemma fraction, one dependent on calcium and one that resists extraction by the calcium chelator EGTA. Potential annexin A6 binding proteins in the sarcolemma fraction were identified using Far Western blotting. Two major annexin A6 binding proteins were identified as actin and annexin A6 itself. Annexin A6 bound to itself both in the presence and in the absence of calcium ions. Sites for self association were mapped by performing Western blots on proteolytic fragments of recombinant annexin A6. Annexin A6 bound preferentially not only to the N terminal fragment (domains I—IV, residues 1–352) but also to C‐terminal fragments corresponding to domains V + VI and domains VII + VIII. Actin binding to annexin A6 was calcium‐dependent and exclusively to the N‐terminal fragment of annexin A6. A calcium‐dependent complex of annexin A6 and actin may stabilize the cardiomyocyte sarcolemma during cell stimulation.
Release of cytokines/chemokines and cell death in UVB‐irradiated human keratinocytes, HaCaT
Authors: Yoshizumi Masakazu , Nakamura Tadashi , Kato Masahiko , Ishioka Taisei , Kozawa Kunihisa , Wakamatsu Kaori , Kimura Hirokazu 
Published: September 2008

AbstractUltraviolet (UV) B can lead to inflammatory responses such as sunburn, which involves the production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and the induction of cell death. Keratinocytes in the skin has one of the highest risks of exposure to UV. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying UVB irradiation‐induced inflammation and cell death are not well known. Thus, we investigated the effect of UVB irradiation on the production of various cytokines/chemokines and the induction of cell death in UVB‐irradiated human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). We evaluated 11 cytokines/chemokines in cell culture supernatants from HaCaT cells exposed to 0–400 mJ/cm2 UVB irradiation. UVB at a dose 400 mJ/cm2 induced the release of various cytokines; interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, interferon (IFN)‐γ, granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α. These results suggest that UVB irradiation‐induced the release of several cytokines/chemokines and led to cell death in human keratinocytes. UV exposure may be associated with multiple physiological events in the human skin.
Assessment of drug induced developmental toxicity using human embryonic stem cells
Authors: Mehta Ashish , Konala Vijay Bhaskar R. , Khanna Aparna , Majumdar Anish S. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractEmbryonic stem (ES) cells are unique as they have the potential to be generated in large numbers and the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers via embryoid body (EB) formation. This property could be utilized as an index to study initial mammalian development. We have investigated the utility of a comprehensively characterized human ES (hES) cell line (ReliCell®hES1) for testing the embryotoxic effects of compounds using cytotoxicity assays. Further, we performed real time gene expression analysis to check the alterations in germ layer markers expression upon drug treatment. The results show that assays using hES cells could serve as a reliable, sensitive and robust method to assess embryotoxic potential of compounds. They also provide a proof of concept that hES cells can be used as an in vitro model to demonstrate developmental toxicity, and to examine the germ layer‐specific effects on differentiating EBs.
Realgar‐induced differentiation is associated with MAPK pathways in HL‐60 cells
Authors: Wang Nan , Wang Li‐Wen , Gou Bao‐Di , Zhang Tian‐Lan , Wang Kui 
Published: September 2008

AbstractThe clinical efficacy and safety of realgar (arsenic sulfide, As4S4) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in China have given rise to an upsurge in research on the underlying mechanism. We prepared realgar nanoparticles (RNPs) to examine their effect on the differentiation of HL‐60 cells. Treatment with RNPs at 6 μM for 72 h induced cell differentiation that was assessed by morphological change, NBT reductive ability, and elevation of CD11b expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The RNP‐induced differentiation was synergized, enhanced and suppressed by the inhibition of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK pathways, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that MAPK signaling pathways are closely related to the RNP‐induced differentiation in HL‐60 cells.
Japanese encephalitis virus differentially modulates the induction of multiple pro‐inflammatory mediators in human astrocytoma and astroglioma cell‐lines
Authors: Mishra Manoj Kumar , Kumawat Kanhaiya Lal , Basu Anirban 
Published: September 2008

AbstractAstrocytes become activated in response to many CNS pathologies. The process of astrocyte activation remains rather enigmatic and results in so‐called reactive gliosis, a reaction with specific structural and functional characteristics. Astrocytes play a vital role in regulating aspects of inflammation and in the homeostatic maintenance of the CNS. However, the responses of different human astroglial cell‐lines in viral encephalitis mediated inflammation are not well documented. We have shown that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection causes morphological and functional changes in astrocytic cell‐lines. We have demonstrated that besides reactive oxygen species (ROS) JEV infection differentially regulated the induction pattern of IL‐6, IL‐1β and IL‐8. IP‐10, MCP‐1, MIG and RANTES secretions in different astroglial cell‐lines. The expression of different proteins such as astrocyte‐specific glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the glutamate aspartate transporter/essential amino acid transporter‐1 (GLAST/EAAT‐1), glutamate transporter‐1/essential amino acid transporter‐2 (GLT‐1/EAAT‐2), Ceruloplasmin and Thioredoxin (TRX) expression level also differ in different human astrocyte cell‐lines following infection.
Cadmium toxicity in cultured tomato cells—Role of ethylene, proteases and oxidative stress in cell death signaling
Authors: Iakimova Elena T. , Woltering Ernst J. , Kapchina‐Toteva Veneta M. , Harren Frans J.M. , Cristescu Simona M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractOur aim was to investigate the ability of cadmium to induce programmed cell death in tomato suspension cells and to determine the involvement of proteolysis, oxidative stress and ethylene. Tomato suspension cells were exposed to treatments with CdSO4 and cell death was calculated after fluorescein diacetate staining of the living cells. Ethylene was measured in a flow‐through system using a laser‐driven photo acoustic detector; hydrogen peroxide was determined by chemiluminescence in a ferricyanide‐catalysed oxidation of luminol. We have demonstrated that cadmium induces cell death in tomato suspension cells involving caspase‐like proteases, indicating that programmed cell death took place. Using range of inhibitors, we found that cysteine and serine peptidases, oxidative stress, calcium and ethylene are players in the cadmium‐induced cell death signaling. Cadmium‐induced cell death in tomato suspension cells exhibits morphological and biochemical similarities to plant hypersensitive response and to cadmium effects in animal systems.
2,4‐Dinitrophenol induces apoptosis in As4.1 juxtaglomerular cells through rapid depletion of GSH
Authors: Han Yong Hwan , Kim Sung Zoo , Kim Suhn Hee , Park Woo Hyun 
Published: September 2008

Abstract2,4‐Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Here, we investigated the in vitro effect of DNP on apoptosis and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in As4.1 juxtaglomerular cell death. Dose‐ and time‐dependent induction of apoptosis was evidenced by flow cytometric detection of sub‐G1 DNA content and annexin V binding assay. The intracellular H2O2 and O2− levels were markedly increased in DNP‐treated cells. However, the reduction of intracellular H2O2 level by Tiron and catalase did not prevent apoptosis induced by DNP. Moreover, DNP rapidly reduced intracellular GSH content in As4.1 cells. Taken together, apoptosis in DNP‐treated As4.1 cells is correlated with the rapid change of intracellular GSH levels rather than ROS levels.
Alcohol and smoking behavior in chronic pain patients: The role of opioids
Authors: Ekholm Ola , Grønbæk Morten , Peuckmann Vera , Sjøgren Per 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe primary aim of this epidemiological study was to investigate associations between chronic non‐cancer pain with or without opioid treatment and the alcohol and smoking behavior. The secondary aims were to investigate self‐reported quality of life, sleeping problems, oral health and the use of different health care providers.The Danish health survey of 2005 was based on a region‐stratified random sample of 10.916 individuals. Data were collected via personal interviews and self‐administrated questionnaires. Respondents suffering from chronic pain were identified through the question ‘Do you have chronic/long‐lasting pain lasting 6 months or more?’ The question concerning alcohol intake assessed the frequency of alcohol intake and binge drinking. Smoking behavior assessed the daily number of cigarettes. Individuals reporting chronic pain were stratified into two groups (opioid users and non‐opioid users).In all, 7275 individuals completed a personal interview and 5552 individuals completed and returned the self‐administrated questionnaire. Responders with a self‐reported earlier or present cancer diagnosis were excluded from the study. Hence, the final study population consisted of 5292 individuals.We found, that individuals suffering from chronic pain were less likely to drink alcohol. In opioid users alcohol consumption was further reduced. Cigarette smoking was significantly increased in individuals suffering from chronic pain and in opioid users smoking was further increased. Poor oral health, quality of life and sleep were markedly associated with chronic pain and opioid use. The use of opioids was associated with significantly more contacts to healthcare care providers.
Mental health treatment needs for medical students: a national longitudinal study
Authors: Midtgaard Mirim , Ekeberg Øivind , Vaglum Per , Tyssen Reidar 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to study the occurrence and predictors of medical students' mental health problems that required treatment.Subjects and methodsMedical students from all Norwegian universities (N = 421) were surveyed in their first term (T1), and 3 (T2) and 6 (T3) years later. The dependent variable was “Mental health problems in need of treatment”. Predictor variables included personality traits, medical school stress and negative life events.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of mental health problems was 15% at T1. At T2, of the 31% who reported problems during the first 3 years, a majority had not sought help. At T3, 14% reported problems during the preceding year. Adjusted predictors of problems at T2 were previous mental health problems (p < .001), low level of intensity personality trait (extraversion) (p < .01), reality weakness personality trait (p < .01), perceived medical school stress (p < .05) and negative life events (p < .05).DiscussionMental health problems during the first 3 years were predicted by previous problems, personality, medical school stress and negative life events.ConclusionA third of the students reported mental health problems during the first 3 years. Intervention should focus on both individual problems and contextual stress.
Axis V – Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), further evaluation of the self-report version
Authors: Ramirez A. , Ekselius L. , Ramklint M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to examine agreement between patients' and professional staff members' ratings on the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF).MethodsA total of 191 young adult psychiatric outpatients were included in a naturalistic, longitudinal study. Axis I and axis II disorders were assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Before and after treatment, patients and trained staff members did a GAF rating. Agreement between GAF ratings was analyzed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe overall intra-class correlation coefficients before and after treatment were 0.65 and 0.86, respectively. Agreement in different axis I diagnostic groups varied, but was generally lower before treatment as compared to after treatment (0.50–0.66 and 0.78–0.90, respectively). Excessive psychiatric co-morbidity was associated with the lowest inter-rater reliability. Agreement, with respect to change in GAF scores during treatment, was good to excellent in all groups.ConclusionOverall, agreement between patients' and professionals' ratings on the GAF scale was good before and excellent after treatment. The results support the usefulness of the self-report GAF instrument for measuring outcome in psychiatric care. However, more research is needed about the difficulties in rating severely disordered patients.
Psychiatric disorder in young adults born very preterm: Role of family history
Authors: Walshe M. , Rifkin L. , Rooney M. , Healy E. , Nosarti C. , Wyatt J. , Stahl D. , Murray R.M. , Allin M. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether young adults born very preterm (VPT) (<33 weeks) are at increased risk for psychiatric illness in adulthood and whether a family history of psychiatric disorder further increases this risk.MethodsWe assessed 169 VPT and 101 term born individuals using the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised.ResultsYoung adults born VPT had an increased risk for psychiatric disorder compared to controls (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1–8.6, p = 0.03). Those born VPT who had a history of psychiatric disorder in a first-degree relative, had an increase in risk for psychiatric disorder compared to those born VPT without a family history (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 1.8–14.9, p = 0.002).ConclusionIndividuals born VPT are at increased risk of psychiatric illness in young adulthood compared to controls. In addition, a family history of psychiatric disorder in a first-degree relative may leave young adults born VPT particularly vulnerable to psychiatric illness.
Capturing complexity: The case for a new classification system for mental disorders in primary care
Authors: Gask Linda , Klinkman Michael , Fortes Sandra , Dowrick Christopher 
Published: September 2008

AbstractPrimary care differs considerably from specialist mental health settings: problems are presented in undifferentiated forms, with consequent difficulties in distinguishing between distress and disorder, and a complex relationship between psychological, mental and social problems and their temporal variations.Existing psychiatric diagnostic systems, including ICD-10-PHC and DSM-IV-PC, are often difficult to apply in primary care. They do not adequately address co-morbidity, the substantial prevalence of sub-threshold disorders or problems with cross-cultural applications. Their focus on diagnosis may be too restrictive, with a need to consider severity and impairment separately.ICPC-2, a classification system created specifically for use in primary care, provides advantages in that it allows for simple linkage between reason for encounter, diagnosis and intervention.It is both necessary and feasible to develop a classification system for mental health in primary care that can meet four basic criteria: (1) characterized by simplicity; (2) addressing not only diagnosis but also severity, chronicity and disability; (3) feasible for routine data gathering in primary care as well as for training; and (4) enabling efficient communication between primary and specialty mental health care.
Does the degree of smoking effect the severity of tardive dyskinesia? A longitudinal clinical trial
Authors: Diehl A. , Reinhard I. , Schmitt A. , Mann K. , Gattaz W.F. 
Published: September 2008

AbstractBackgroundTardive dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder observed after chronic neuroleptic treatment. Smoking is presumed to increase the prevalence of TD. The question of a cause-effect-relationship between smoking and TD, however, remains to be answered. Purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the degree of smoking and the severity of TD with respect to differences caused by medication.MethodWe examined 60 patients suffering from schizophrenia and TD. We compared a clozapine-treated group with a group treated with typical neuroleptics. Movement disorders were assessed using the Abnormal-Involuntary-Movement-Scale and the technical device digital image processing, providing rater independent information on perioral movements.ResultsWe found a strong correlation (.80 < r < .90, always p < .0001) between the degree of smoking and severity of TD. Repeated measurements revealed a positive correlation between changes in cigarette consumption and changes of the severity of TD (p < .0001). Analyses of covariance indicated a significant group-effect with a lower severity of TD in the clozapine-group compared to the typical-neuroleptics-group (p = .010). Interaction-analyses indicated a higher impact of smoking on the severity of TD in the typical-neuroleptics-group compared to the clozapine-group (p = .033).ConclusionConcerning a possible cause-effect-relationship between smoking and TD, smoking is more of a general health hazard than neuroleptic exposure in terms of TD.