bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole‐genome resequencing reveals novel sex‐related markers and candidate gene in the Chinese soft‐shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)
Authors: Zeng Dan , Chen Mengying , Zeng Jiawei , Tu Yangyang , Zhang Yucheng , Tan Meiling , Wang Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn apparent sexual dimorphism, such as growth rate and immunocompetence, is observed in the Chinese soft‐shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). The identification of sex‐related markers and candidate genes holds significance for the sex‐controlled breeding of P. sinensis. In this study, through an integration of whole‐genome resequencing and Sanger sequencing, 21 female‐specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Based on these SNPs, the rapid and cost‐effective molecular methodologies for genetic sex identification in P. sinensis were established. Of note, 19 validated SNPs are located within the zinc and ring finger 3 (ZNRF3) gene, which has been reported to be testis‐determining in mammals. Cloning of the ZNRF3 gene from P. sinensis (PsZNRF3) and analysis of its expression profile in tissues and in response to sex steroid hormone treatment demonstrated exhibiting a female‐biased expression pattern. These findings not only provide molecular markers for sex‐controlled breeding in P. sinensis but also open up a solid basis for revealing the sex‐determination mechanism of this species.
Prevalence and clinical implications of heightened plastic chemical exposure in pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Guerrelli Devon , Desai Manan , Semaan Youssef , Essa Yasin , Zurakowski David , Cendali Francesca , Reisz Julie , D'Alessandro Angelo , Luban Naomi , Posnack Nikki Gillum 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhthalate chemicals are used to manufacture plastic medical products, including many components of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits. We aimed to quantify iatrogenic phthalate exposure in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery and examine the link between phthalate exposure and postoperative outcomes.Study Design and MethodsThe study included pediatric patients undergoing (n=122) unique cardiac surgeries at Children's National Hospital. For each patient, a single plasma sample was collected preoperatively and two additional samples were collected postoperatively upon return from the operating room and the morning after surgery. Concentrations of di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its metabolites were quantified using ultra high‐pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.ResultsPatients were subdivided into three groups, according to surgical procedure: (1) cardiac surgery not requiring CPB support, (2) cardiac surgery requiring CPB with a crystalloid prime, and (3) cardiac surgery requiring CPB with red blood cells (RBCs) to prime the circuit. Phthalate metabolites were detected in all patients, and postoperative phthalate levels were highest in patients undergoing CPB with an RBC‐based prime. Age‐matched (<1 year) CPB patients with elevated phthalate exposure were more likely to experience postoperative complications. RBC washing was an effective strategy to reduce phthalate levels in CPB prime.DiscussionPediatric cardiac surgery patients are exposed to phthalate chemicals from plastic medical products, and the degree of exposure increases in the context of CPB with an RBC‐based prime. Additional studies are warranted to measure the direct effect of phthalates on patient health outcomes and investigate mitigation strategies to reduce exposure.
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial correlates of critical power and W' in healthy active individuals
Authors: Peden Donald L. , Rogers Robert , Mitchell Emma A. , Taylor Suzanne M. , Bailey Stephen J. , Ferguson Richard A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe asymptote (critical power; CP) and curvature constant (W') of the hyperbolic power–duration relationship can predict performance within the severe‐intensity exercise domain. However, the extent to which these parameters relate to skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and respiratory function is not known. Fifteen males (peak O2 uptake, 52.2 ± 8.7 mL kg−1 min−1; peak work rate, 366 ± 40 W; and gas exchange threshold, 162 ± 41 W) performed three to five constant‐load tests to task failure for the determination of CP (246 ± 44 W) and W' (18.6 ± 4.1 kJ). Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis to determine citrate synthase (CS) activity, as a marker of mitochondrial content, and the ADP‐stimulated respiration (P) and maximal electron transfer (E) through mitochondrial complexes (C) I–IV. The CP was positively correlated with CS activity (absolute CP, r = 0.881, P < 0.001; relative CP, r = 0.751, P = 0.001). The W' was not correlated with CS activity (P > 0.05). Relative CP was positively correlated with mass‐corrected CI + IIE (r = 0.659, P = 0.038), with absolute CP being inversely correlated with CS activity‐corrected CIVE (r = −0.701, P = 0.024). Relative W' was positively correlated with CS activity‐corrected CI + IIP (r = 0.713, P = 0.021) and the phosphorylation control ratio (r = 0.661, P = 0.038). There were no further correlations between CP or W' and mitochondrial respiratory variables. These findings support the assertion that skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity is positively associated with CP and that this relationship is strongly determined by mitochondrial content.
Recombinant bivalent subunit vaccine combining truncated VP4 from P[7] and P[23] induces protective immunity against prevalent porcine rotaviruses
Authors: Tang Xuechao , Li Sufen , Zhou Jinzhu , Bian Xianyu , Wang Jianxin , Han Nan , Zhu Xuejiao , Tao Ran , Wang Wei , Sun Min , Li Peng , Zhang Xuehan , Li Bin 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Porcine rotaviruses (PoRVs) cause severe economic losses in the swine industry. P[7] and P[23] are the predominant genotypes circulating on farms, but no vaccine is yet available. Here, we developed a bivalent subunit PoRV vaccine using truncated versions (VP4*) of the VP4 proteins from P[7] and P[23]. The vaccination of mice with the bivalent subunit vaccine elicited more robust neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and cellular immune responses than its components, even at high doses. The bivalent subunit vaccine and inactivated bivalent vaccine prepared from strains PoRVs G9P[7] and G9P[23] were used to examine their protective efficacy in sows and suckling piglets after passive immunization. The immunized sows showed significantly elevated NAbs in the serum and colostrum, and the suckling piglets acquired high levels of sIgA antibodies from the colostrum. Challenging subunit-vaccinated or inactivated-vaccinated piglets with homologous virulent strains did not induce diarrhea, except in one or two piglets, which had mild diarrhea. Immunization with the bivalent subunit vaccine and inactivated vaccine also alleviated the microscopic lesions in the intestinal tissues caused by the challenge with the corresponding homologous virulent strain. However, all the piglets in the challenged group displayed mild to watery diarrhea and high levels of viral shedding, whereas the feces and intestines of the piglets in the bivalent subunit vaccine and inactivated vaccine groups had lower viral loads. In summary, our data show for the first time that a bivalent subunit vaccine combining VP4*P[7] and VP4*P[23] effectively protects piglets against the diarrhea caused by homologous virulent strains.

IMPORTANCE
PoRVs are the main causes of diarrhea in piglets worldwide. The multisegmented genome of PoRVs allows the reassortment of VP4 and VP7 genes from different RV species and strains. The P[7] and P[23] are the predominant genotypes circulating in pig farms, but no vaccine is available at present in China. Subunit vaccines, as nonreplicating vaccines, are an option to cope with variable genotypes. Here, we have developed a bivalent subunit candidate vaccine based on a truncated VP4 protein, which induced robust humoral and cellular immune responses and protected piglets against challenge with homologous PoRV. It also appears to be safe. These data show that the truncated VP4-protein-based subunit vaccine is a promising candidate for the prevention of PoRV diarrhea.
Renal calculus composition analysis using dual-energy CT: a prospective observational study
Authors: Johnson Jithin P. , Dhall Arushi , Chawla Arun , Prakashini K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
To analyze preoperatively the composition of renal calculi using dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and compare it with reference standard biochemical stone analysis.

Methods
Eighty-one participants who were diagnosed with renal calculi underwent DECT at 80 kVp and 140 kVp. Spectral analysis was performed, and the energy map generated was used to classify the calculus based on available preset data. Average Hounsfield units (HU) were calculated for the two energy levels, and ratio of HU was derived (DE ratio) and calculus was categorized into different stone compositions. Hounsfield units of each calculus was measured at 120 kVp standard dose CT, and Hounsfield density (HU/largest transverse diameter) was derived. Comparison of results of spectral analysis and DE ratio was done and correlated with the biochemical laboratory analysis as reference standard wherever available.

Results
Spectral analysis and CT prediction of stone were performed for all 81 patients. CT prediction of stone based on DE ratio into “uric acid,” “struvite,” “calcium oxalate” and “calcium carbonate apatite” was performed. Assessment of stone composition by biochemical analysis was done for 65 patients who eventually underwent PCNL for stone extraction.
Both DE ratio and spectral analysis were able to differentiate calculus into various types based on composition with statistically significant p values. However, spectral analysis proved to be marginally better in renal stone characterization particularly for mixed stones. The DE ratio for uric acid stones was derived as 0.9–1.1, 0.9–2.3 for mixed stones and 1.0–2.4 for calcium stones.

Conclusions
Spectral analysis promises a practical approach to predicting calculus composition preoperatively, thereby avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention.
Genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the HD-ZIP gene family in kiwifruit
Authors: Ye Kai-yu , Li Jie-wei , Wang Fa-ming , Gao Jian-you , Liu Cui-xia , Gong Hong-juan , Qi Bei-bei , Liu Ping-ping , Jiang Qiao-sheng , Tang Jian-min , Mo Quan-hui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) gene family plays a pivotal role in plant development and stress responses. Nevertheless, a comprehensive characterization of the HD-Zip gene family in kiwifruit has been lacking. In this study, we have systematically identified 70 HD-Zip genes in the Actinidia chinensis (Ac) genome and 55 in the Actinidia eriantha (Ae) genome. These genes have been categorized into four subfamilies (HD-Zip I, II, III, and IV) through rigorous phylogenetic analysis. Analysis of synteny patterns and selection pressures has provided insights into how whole-genome duplication (WGD) or segmental may have contributed to the divergence in gene numbers between these two kiwifruit species, with duplicated gene pairs undergoing purifying selection. Furthermore, our study has unveiled tissue-specific expression patterns among kiwifruit HD-Zip genes, with some genes identified as key regulators of kiwifruit responses to bacterial canker disease and postharvest processes. These findings not only offer valuable insights into the evolutionary and functional characteristics of kiwifruit HD-Zips but also shed light on their potential roles in plant growth and development.
Vineyard microclimate alterations induced by black inter-row mulch through transcriptome reshaped the flavoromics of cabernet sauvignon grapes
Authors: Tian Meng-Bo , Wang Yu , Gao Xiao-Tong , Lu Hao-Cheng , Zhang Qi , Han Xiao , Li Hui-Qing , Shi Ning , Duan Chang-Qing , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Weed control is essential for agricultural floor management in vineyards and the inter-row mulching is an eco-friendly practice to inhibit weed growth via filtering out photosynthetically active radiation. Besides weed suppression, inter-row mulching can influence grapevine growth and the accumulation of metabolites in grape berries. However, the complex interaction of multiple factors in the field challenges the understanding of molecular mechanisms on the regulated metabolites. In the current study, black geotextile inter-row mulch (M) was applied for two vintages (2016–2017) from anthesis to harvest. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis were conducted in two vintages, aiming to provide insights into metabolic and molecular responses of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes to M in a semi-arid climate.

Results
Upregulation of genes related to photosynthesis and heat shock proteins confirmed that M weakened the total light exposure and grapes suffered heat stress, resulting in lower sugar-acid ratio at harvest. Key genes responsible for enhancements in phenylalanine, glutamine, ornithine, arginine, and C6 alcohol concentrations, and the downward trend in ε-viniferin, anthocyanins, flavonols, terpenes, and norisoprenoids in M grapes were identified. In addition, several modules significantly correlated with the metabolic biomarkers through weighted correlation network analysis, and the potential key transcription factors regulating the above metabolites including VviGATA11, VviHSFA6B, and VviWRKY03 were also identified.

Conclusion
This study provides a valuable overview of metabolic and transcriptomic responses of M grapes in semi-arid climates, which could facilitate understanding the complex regulatory network of metabolites in response to microclimate changes.
Focal ischemic myocardial fibrosis assessed by late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhi Yang , Gui Fu-dan , Xue Meng , Long Yi-tian , Miao Wen , Yi You , Gao Liang-chao , Bing Fu , Pan Shu-yue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), ischemic myocardial fibrosis assessed by late gadolinium enhancement (I-LGE) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have been reported. However, the clinical significance of I-LGE has not been completely understood. We aim to evaluate the I-LGE differ phenotypically from HCM without LGE or nonischemic myocardial fibrosis assessed by late gadolinium enhancement (NI-LGE) in the left ventricle (LV).

Methods
The patients with HCM whom was underwent CMR were enrolled, using cine cardiac magnetic resonance to evaluate LV function and LGE to detect the myocardial fibrosis. Three groups were assorted: 1) HCM without LGE; 2) HCM with LGE involved the subendocardial layer was defined as I-LGE; 3) HCM with LGE not involved the subendocardial layer was defined as NI-LGE.

Results
We enrolled 122 patients with HCM in the present study. LGE was detected in 58 of 122 (48%) patients with HCM, and 22 (18%) of patients reported I-LGE. HCM with I-LGE had increased higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (P < 0.0001) than HCM with NI-LGE or without LGE. In addition, HCM with I-LGE had a larger LV end- systolic volume (P = 0.045), lower LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (P = 0.026), higher LV myocardial mass (P < 0.001) and thicker LV wall (P < 0.001) more than HCM without LGE alone. The I-LGE were significantly associated with LVEF (OR: 0.961; P = 0.016), LV mass (OR: 1.028; P < 0.001), and maximal end-diastolic LVWT (OR: 1.567; P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, LVEF (OR: 0.948; P = 0.013) and maximal end-diastolic LVWT (OR: 1.548; P = 0.001) were associated with higher risk for I-LGE compared to HCM without LGE. Noticeably, the maximal end-diastolic LVWT (OR: 1.316; P = 0.011) was the only associated with NI-LGE compared to HCM without LGE.

Conclusions
I-LGE is not uncommon in patients with HCM. HCM with I-LGE was associated with significant LV hypertrophy, extensive LGE and poor LV ejection fraction. We should consider focal ischemic myocardial fibrosis when applying LGE to risk stratification for HCM.
Impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and interventions on hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou, China, 2014–2022: a retrospective study
Authors: Jia Wanyu , Zhang Xue , Sun Ruiyang , Li Peng , Song Chunlan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Since December 2019, COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world, and studies have shown that measures to prevent COVID-19 can largely reduce the spread of other infectious diseases. This study explored the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and interventions on the incidence of HFMD.

Methods
We gathered data on the prevalence of HFMD from the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University. An autoregressive integrated moving average model was constructed using HFMD incidence data from 2014 to 2019, the number of cases predicted from 2020 to 2022 was predicted, and the predicted values were compared with the actual measurements.

Results
From January 2014 to October 2022, the Children’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University admitted 103,995 children with HFMD. The average number of cases of HFMD from 2020 to 2022 was 4,946, a significant decrease from 14,859 cases from 2014 to 2019. We confirmed the best ARIMA (2,0,0) (1,1,0)12 model. From 2020 to 2022, the yearly number of cases decreased by 46.58%, 75.54%, and 66.16%, respectively, compared with the forecasted incidence. Trends in incidence across sexes and ages displayed patterns similar to those overall.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 outbreak and interventions reduced the incidence of HFMD compared to that before the outbreak. Strengthening public health interventions remains a priority in the prevention of HFMD.
Correlation of negative emotion, fatigue level and internet addiction in college students: implication for coping strategies
Authors: Gu Shanshan , Min Xue , Xu Jing , Chen Shu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Internet addiction has an important influence on the development of physical and mental health of college students. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current status and the correlation between college students’ negative emotion, fatigue level and Internet addiction disorder, and to provide reference for the care and management of college students.

Methods
We conducted a questionnaire survey on a cluster sample of college students from October to November 15, 2022. Internet addiction scale, fatigue assessment scale and positive and negative emotion scale were used for survey. Pearson correlation analysis and mediating effect test were performed to analyze the correlation and effects.

Results
A total of 1546 valid questionnaires were collected. The incidence of internet addiction in college student was 20.38%. The total score of internet addiction was 52.94 ± 12.47, the total fatigue score was 69.27 ± 3.19, the score of positive emotion of college students was 31. 41 ± 5.09, and the negative emotion score was 18.54 ± 5.68. The total score of internet addiction were positively correlated with score of negative emotion (all P < 0. 05). The total score of internet addiction scale of college students were positively correlated and each factor score of with the score of fatigue severity (all P < 0. 05). Fatigue played an intermediary role in the prediction of negative emotion and internet addiction of college students, with an intermediary role of-0.433, accounting for 76.35% of the total effect.

Conclusion
The college students’ positive emotion may be strengthened to reduce their fatigue level and negative emotion so as to reduce internet addiction.
Cannabis use and dependence among festival attendees: results from the French OCTOPUS survey
Authors: Chaaban Sarah , Istvan Marion , Schreck Benoit , Laigo Pauline , Rousselet Morgane , Grall-Bronnec Marie , Pain Stéphanie , Victorri-Vigneau Caroline 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic use of cannabis is associated with an increased risk of psychosocial, mental and physical health impairments. Sociohealth institutions reach a very limited proportion of cannabis users in need of treatment. Using data collected from festival attendees, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dependent cannabis users and to characterize cannabis dependence.

Methods
We used data from the cross-sectional OCTOPUS survey carried out at 13 music events in the French department of Loire-Atlantique between July 2017 and July 2018. 383 participants aged 18 or older underwent a face-to-face interview about their basic sociodemographics, tobacco use, alcohol use and past-year substance use. Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, we estimated the prevalence of dependent cannabis users and characterized their dependence.

Results
More than two-thirds of participants reported that they had used cannabis in the past 12 months. Among 194 regular cannabis users (at least monthly), 63.4% were dependent. At least 40% of regular users reported health and/or social consequences of cannabis use. Compared to nondependent cannabis users, dependent cannabis users were more likely to be stimulant users and hallucinogen users.

Conclusions
Dependent cannabis use is common among festival attendees, especially among stimulant or hallucinogen users. Festival settings may be important arenas for i) implementing efficient harm reduction measures to prevent dependence and ii) providing information on care structures and promoting the use of care to dependent users. In addition, healthcare professionals should be aware of trends in polysubstance use among dependent cannabis users.