bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian function following the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Wallace W. Hamish B. , Shalet Stephen M. , Tetlow Lesley J. , Morris‐Jones Pat H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOvarian function was assessed in 40 long term survivors who had received standard United Kingdom Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (UKALL) protocols and were in first clinical and haematological remission.A menstrual and pregnancy history was taken (median age at assessment: 18.8 (12–34.7) years) and the acquisition of adult secondary sexual characteristics confirmed in each patient. Basal bloods were taken for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and serum oestradiol estimations. Serum progesterone concentration was measured in those patients who were in the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle at assessment. In addition, menstrual cycle profiles of salivary progesterone concentrations were derived from daily samples in 12 patients.All patients achieved adult sexual development; median age at menarche was early at 12.4 (9.0–14.6) years and 37 of them have regular menses. Ten patients have had 14 live births, and evidence of ovulation was seen in a further 11 patients assessed in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Four patients had damaged ovaries, two of whom show evidence of ovulation; three of the four received craniospinal irradiation and one received cyclophosphamide as part of her chemotherapy regimen. None of these patients has yet developed total ovarian failure or required sex steroid replacement therapy.The medium term outlook for ovarian function is good for the majority of childhood ALL survivors. The spinal component of craniospinal irradiation is a major risk factor for ovarian damage, and cyclophosphamide may be a contributory factor. A premature menopause remains a possibility if significant follicular depletion has occurred at the time of cytotoxic treatment. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
False‐positive MRI detection of recurrent or metastatic pediatric infratentorial tumors
Authors: Nelson Stephen C. , Friedman Henry S. , Hockenberger Beverly , Vandersteenhoven Jacob J. , Gray Linda , Touri Susan L. , Oakes W. Jerry 
Published: February 2007

AbstractGadolinium‐DTPA enhanced MRI is the modality of choice when imaging central nervous system infratentorial tumors in the pediatric population. The detection of a new enhancing lesion following initiation of therapy is typically considered pathognomonic for recurrent or metastatic tumor. We report two pediatric patients with infratentorial central nervous system tumors who demonstrated new areas of enhancement with gadolinium‐DTPA enhanced MRI following initiation of multimodality therapy. Both patients had surgical biopsy of the new lesions with histologic review failing to demonstrate viable tumor. These studies suggest caution in considering new enhancing lesions detected by MRI in a child with a brain tumor pathognomonic for new sites of active tumor. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fever and granulocytopenia in children with cancer: A study of 299 episodes with two treatment protocols in Brazil
Authors: Petrilli Antonio Sergio , Bianchi Alois , Kusano Eliza , Melaragno Renato , Naspitz Charles , da Silva Mendonça João , Pizzo Philip A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn Brazil, 226 children with cancer presenting 299 episodes of fever and neutropenia (⩽500/mm3) were treated with two consecutive empirical regimens. Regimen I—Cefoxitin Amikacin‐Carbenicillin; and Regimen II Ceftriaxone‐Amikacin. 67.0% of the patients had leukemias or lymphomas, documented infections occurred in 47.2%, superinfections occurred in 18.7% (Reg. 1) and 17.8% (Reg. II) of the episodes. The most common agents identified in Reg. 1 and Reg. II were, respectively, Gram negative rods (55.0%) and Gram positive cocci (52.6%). The overall rate of success with modifications (Amphotericin B, Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole) was higher in Reg. II (93.0%) than in Reg. I (84.0%). This study shows that the appropriate formula to maximize the successful treatment of children with cancer, fever and neutropenia in developing nations includes adherence to established principles of supportive care, utilizing the optimal antibiotic agents available in the country. It is important to promote the necessary modifications along the treatment having in mind the high index of resistent agents. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Resection of a solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas following treatment with Cis‐platinum and 5‐fluorouracil: A case report
Authors: Strauss James F. , Hirsch Victor J. , Rubey Charles N. , Pollock Mark 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 15‐year‐old female was found at laparotomy to have an unresecteable 15 cm solid and papillary epithelial neoplasm of the pancreas invading the superior mesenteric vein. The tumor regressed when treated with cis‐platinum and 5‐fluorouracil for 6 months leaving a 3.5 cm mass which was resected at reoperation. Response to chemotherapy has not been previously documented for this tumor histology and may contribute to the management of this locally invasive tumor. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Treatment of non‐metastatic, non‐seminomatous malignant germ‐cell tumours in childhood: Experience of the “Société Française D'oncologie Pédiatrique” MGCT 1985–1989 study
Authors: Baranzelli Marie Christine , Flamant Françoise , De Lumley Lionel , Le Gall Edouard , Lejars Odile 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe members of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology treated, between January 1985 and June 1989, 67 cases of non‐metastatic, non‐seminomatous malignant germ cell tumours (nSGCT) in sites other than the brain. They used a clinical pre‐ and post‐surgical TNM‐type classification in order to standardize the treatment regardless of tumour site. The intensity of the treatment was decreased in comparison with the previous regimen (elimination of adriamycin, reduction in the length of treatment). The actuarial 2‐year disease‐free survival rate is 80%; results are excellent for patients with clinical stage I and II tumours and permit cure with moderate chemotherapy, avoiding undesirable late effects. On the other hand it is inadequate for patients with stage III suggesting that the initial chemotherapy should be intensified for these latter patients in future protocols. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of hypertension in neuroblastoma during therapy: A case report
Authors: Wolff Johannes E. A. , Bauch Hans Jochen , Roessner Albert , Boos Joachim , Gressner‐Brocks Veronika , Ritter Jörg , Jürgens Herbert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of stage 4 neuroblastoma that developed excessive hypertension on day 120 of chemotherapy is presented. The tumor initially had responded well to chemotherapy; however, while the tumor mass decreased, plasma and urine catecholamines and the blood pressure increased. The plasma concentrations of noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine increased to 26.4, 1.8, and 36.2 μg/l, respectively. The profile of catecholamine metabolites changed: on day 150 of therapy, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine levels were increased, whereas HVA and VMA levels were decreased when compared to day 1 of therapy. The only residual neuroblastoma tissue visible on MIBG scintigraphy on day 150 of treatment was a metastasis in the left tibia which was irradiated with 24 Gy. The adrenaline concentration in the left femoral vein was twice as high compared to the right femoral vein. A treatment, possibly radiation‐associated tumor cell alteration resulting in a different catecholamine production, is discussed. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
When is the optimum time to harvest peripheral blood stem cells in children following standard dose chemotherapy?
Authors: Fernandez Jose Maria , Shepherd Valerie , Millar John , Powles Ray , Pinkerton C. Ross 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe optimal time for peripheral stem cell harvest may be predicted by recovery of blood count following priming doses of chemotherapy. Bone marrow growth factors have also been used to enhance yield. Both these manoeuvres may necessitate alterations to standard treatment programmes. In order to determine whether adequate peripheral stem cell yields could be obtained without altering chemotherapy regimens, 18 children with either leukaemia or solid tumours were studied. Circulating bone marrow progenitor cells were estimated by CFU‐GM cultures in soft agar. There were 8 males and 10 females, median age 5.6 years (range 2–13 years). Six out of 13 studies in leukaemia patients were done when the bone marrow contained significant leukaemic blasts, and in 2 of 9 studies in patients with solid tumours, there was active infiltration of the bone marrow. In 15 of 23 studies, a rise in CFU‐GM levels to greater than 1,000 × 103/l were observed following postchemotherapy aplasia. Maximum CFU‐GM levels were maintained for only 1–2 days and could be predicted by the achievement of a total white cell count in the region of 2 × 109/l and platelet count around 100 × 109/l. Neutrophil recovery did not predict the rise in CFU‐GM levels. A rapid rise in monocyte levels also preceded maximum CFU‐GM levels. Predictably, the CFU‐GM counts were lower in patients who were heavily pretreated, but in several children, the counts were sufficient to predict an adequate harvest to be used in conjunction with bone marrow autotransplantation.It is concluded that in children with active bone marrow recovery, chemotherapy priming or the use of bone marrow growth factors may not be necessary to achieve useful stem cell harvests. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectopic neuroblastoma of the thoracic wall: A case report
Authors: Cavallaro Sebastiano , Pineschi Alberto , Bardini Tomaso , Prever Adalberto Brach Del , Forni Marco 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of thoracic neuroblastoma arising at the anterior mammillary line from the inner surface of the second and third right rib in a 17‐month‐old male child is reported. Primary surgery allowed excision of the mass. According to the histologic, histochemical, and molecular features of the tumor, all consistent with the diagnosis of neuroblastoma stage 2, the patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy and, after 2 years, he is alive and disease free at follow‐up. In view of different clinical and therapeutical approaches, only a strict adherence to histopathologic criteria allows differentiation of neuroblastoma, even in a very unusual anatomical site, from other small‐cell, peripheral neoplasms presumably arising from the embryonic neural crest, such as Askin's tumor, neuroepithelioma, and ectomesenchymoma. The site of origin of these tumors is an important diagnostic clue but can be misleading: only careful microscopic evaluation and molecular analysis lead to incontrovertible diagnosis and yield correct clinical management.
Incidence and etiology of ifosfamide nephrotoxicity: Report of a meeting held in Rhodes, Greece, October 3, 1991, sponsored by Asta Medica, Frankfurt, Germany
Authors: Stevens Michael C. G. , Brandis Matthias 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe nephrotoxic potential of Ifosfamide is now clearly recognized but the true incidence is unknown and risk factors are uncertain. There are, as yet, few studies which systematically explore these issues although many centers have collected data from patients receiving Ifosfamide. These support the need for collaborative studies to look at the influence of probable risk factors such as age, cumulative dose, schedule, and exposure to other nephrotoxic drugs. The ability to detect acute subclinical changes in renal function may provide the opportunity to predict subsequent clinical toxicity. The consensus of opinion recorded so far provides the basis of recommendations for future studies. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anterior pituitary function and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in patients with langerhans cell histiocytosis and diabetes insipidus
Authors: Broadbent Valerie , Dunger David B. , Yeomans Elizabeth , Kendall Brian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn order to document anterior pituitary dysfunction in patients with biopsy‐proven Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and diabetes insipidus and to correlate this with structural changes on imaging, we performed an insulin tolerance test, enhanced computed tomography (CT), and unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in nine patients. Six of the nine patients had growth hormone deficiency, which in two patients was part of panhypopituitarism and in one was associated with poor cortisol response to insulin hypoglycemia. One patient had an exaggerated growth hormone response and one who had had neck irradiation as an infant, had a high resting thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suggesting compensated primary hypothyroidism. All enhanced CTs were abnormal, bony defects being the only abnormality in two patients and opaque mastoids in one. The remaining six patients all had structural changes in the hypothalamic/pituitary region.Unenhanced MRI confirmed the CT findings except in one child who had been treated with radiotherapy in the intervening period, but, in addition, confirmed diabetes insipidus by showing absence of the posterior pituitary bright signal and picked up white matter changes in a child with clinical neurological dysfunction.Our findings indicate that the development of diabetes insipidus in LCH is commonly associated with anterior pituitary dysfunction and is usually associated with structural changes in the hypothalamic/pituitary axis. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Favorable response of pediatric AIDS‐related Burkitt's lymphoma treated by aggressive chemotherapy
Authors: Neumann Yoram , Toren Amos , Mandel Matilda , Martinowitz Uri , Varon David , Ramot Bracha , Ben‐Bassat Isaac , Rechavi Gideon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe 4 male children infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who developed Burkitt's lymphoma during their disease. The clinical picture was characterized by an insidious appearance of symptoms. All the children suffered for several months from abdominal discomfort and a gradual elevation of their blood lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level prior to diagnosis. Bone marrow involvement was found in 2 of the patients and jaw involvement in the other 2. After confirming the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma, they were treated according to conventional protocols, with no need to reduce the dose intensity. They all went into complete remission and did not suffer from major opportunistic infections during chemotherapy. None of them relapsed. Two patients died from opportunistic infections 1 and 3 years after diagnosis. The other 2 are alive, 7 years and 6 months after diagnosis. The various characteristics of this unique pediatric group are described and the comparison of the clinical picture in adults is made, together with a review of the relevant literature. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone‐secreting ganglioneuroblastoma associated with opsomyoclonic encephalopathy: A case report with immunohistochemical study
Authors: Clerico Anna , Tenore Alfred , Bartolozzi Silvia , Remotti Daniele , Ruco Luigi , Dominici Carlo , Properzi Enrico , Castello Manuel A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis report describes a case of a 3‐year‐old female with Cushing's syndrome associated with ganglioneuroblastoma and opsomyoclonic encephalopathy. Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor to be adrenocorticotropic hormone‐secreting. At autopsy, a cerebellar degenerative lesion was also demonstrated. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Second malignant tumors following treatment during childhood and adolescence for cancer
Authors: Green Daniel M. , Zevon Michael A. , Reese Peter A. , Lowrie Geoffrey S. , Gaeta John F. , Pearce John I. , Michalek Arthur M. , Stephens Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMany pediatric and adolescent cancer patients are treated with carcinogenic chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy to achieve permanent control of their malignancy. These modalities may induce a new cancer in the successfully treated patient. To identify disease and treatment factors which increased the risk of occurrence of a second malignant tumor following modern treatment for cancer during childhood or adolescence, we reviewed the courses of 1,406 previously untreated patients who were less than 20 years of age at diagnosis and were treated at Roswell Park Cancer Institute between January 1, 1960 and December 31, 1989. Eighteen patients developed a second malignant tumor, including two meningiomas, 2.65‐25.65 years after diagnosis of the first cancer. The actuarial risk of a second malignant tumor was 5.6% at 25 years after diagnosis. Using Cox proportional hazards modelling, we identified prior therapy with BCNU (P = 0.0055) and doxorubicin (P = 0.0254) as the only factors that were significantly associated with the risk of a second malignant tumor. Three second malignant tumors of the central nervous system occurred following treatment with a nitrosourea. Successfully treated patients must be carefully followed to identify treatment related malignant tumors at an early Stage. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bone and gallium scintigraphy in children with rhabdomyosarcoma: A 10‐year review
Authors: Cogswell Arthur , Howman‐Giles Robert , Bergin Mary 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTechnetium‐99m bone and Gallium‐67 scintigraphy has been widely used in the management of children with solid tumors. A retrospective review of all patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) from January 1980 to December 1989 was undertaken in order to determine the sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphy in detection of metastatic disease and to determine optimum frequency of serial scans in follow up. Over the 10‐year period, 40 patients were diagnosed and treated for RMS: 22 were newly diagnosed from 1980‐1984 and of these 16 had a minmum 5‐year disease‐free period whilst 6 died of the disease, giving a cure rate of 73%. A total of 271 bone and 236 Gallium‐67 scans were performed. With respect to detection of metastatic disease in all tissues, Gallium‐67 scans had a sensitivity of 84%, specificity 95% and bone scans had a sensitivity of 70% and specificity 95%. Bone scan sensitivity and specificity for skeletal metastases were 100% and 95%, respectively. Considering only patients with Gallium avid primary tumors, the Gallium‐67 scan sensitivity was 94%. Ten patients developed new metastatic disease or primary recurrence after starting therapy, 8/10 within 12 months of diagnosis. Frequent surveillance scanning in the treatment phase, 2 years post‐diagnosis, is of value in the early detection of metastases and monitoring disease response to therapy. Surveillance scanning after completion of treatment is more difficult to justify.
Wilms' tumor involving the inferior vena cava: Preoperative evaluation and management
Authors: Federici Silvana , Galli Giacomo , Ceccarelli Pier Luca , Rosito Pasquale , Sciutti Rita , Dòmini Remigio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractNeoplastic invasion of the inferior vena cava due to renal tumors (especially Wilms' tumor) is uncommon in children. The tumor thrombus, according to the aggressiveness of the original neoplasm, can extend in diverse ways, obliterate the vascular lumen completely, and even reach the right atrium. The luminal thrombus might be accompanied by the involvement of the caval wall, which requires wide vascular resection. The purpose of this paper is to present our experience with 7 children, aged 18 months and 6 years, affected by caval invasion due to Wilms' tumor. Furthermore, the diagnostic techniques and the surgical treatment in simple caval thrombosis and in associated invasion of the caval wall are described.
Thymic cyst appearing after treatment of mediastinal non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Borgna‐Pignatti Caterina , Andreis Ivo Bergamo , Rugolotto Simone , Balter Rita , Bontempini Lamberto 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report the first case of a thymic cyst appearing in the course of treatment for non‐Hodgkin lymphoma of the anterior mediastinum. The patient was a 9‐year‐old child in whom an abnormal contour of the left cardiac border persisted after chemotherapy, suggesting residual disease. The mass was found at thoracotomy to be a benign thymic cyst. The lesion was not present 2 years previously, and most likely represented cystic degeneration of the thymus, secondary to lymphomatous involvement. CT scan was not helpful in distinguishing the cystic lesion from residual lymphoma.
Ifosfamide‐induced renal tubular defect
Authors: Valdivieso María José Torres , Pérez Jesús López , Melero Carmen , Vivanco José Luis , Muley Rafael , Vara Julia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe 2 cases of proximal tubular defects induced by the administration of ifosfamide at a dosage of 6 g/m2/course over 2 days in children with a diagnosis of malignant mesenchymal tumors. This adverse effect could be minimized dividing dosage of the drug. However at present it is not clear if divided doses are completely safe.
Pubertal growth in response to testosterone replacement therapy for radiation‐induced leydig cell failure
Authors: Didi Mohamed , Morris‐Jones Patricia H. , Gattamaneni Hanumantha R. , Shalet Stephen M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe adolescent growth pattern of eight boys, who had puberty induced with androgen replacement therapy following radiation‐induced Leydig cell failure, was studied from induction of puberty at a mean age of 13.1 years (range 11.6‐14.5) to final height at mean age of 18.8 years (range 17.7‐20.3).The mean gains during puberty (SD) for standing height, sitting height, and sub‐is‐chial leg length were 18.56 cm (3.98), 10.46 cm (2.39), and 8.1 cm (2.01) respectively, which were significantly reduced compared with normal Tanner standards (P <.001). The peak velocity for each parameter occurred in the 1st year of induced puberty in contrast to the pattern in normal adolescence, although the mean peak velocity for each auxological parameter was not significantly different from the normal Tanner standards.The mean adult standing height (SD), 167.5 cm (9.88), and mean adult leg length (SD), 80.8 cm (6.19), were not significantly different from the normal Tanner standards, whereas the mean adult sitting height (SD), 86.7 cm (4.78), was shorter (P < .001). Three of the eight patients had a leg length standard deviation score less sitting height standard deviation score in excess of +2.96 suggesting the presence of significant skeletal disproportion. Seven of the eight boys reached target genetic height, though in six, the final height was below mid‐parental height (P < .05).The modest loss in height potential was mainly due to radiation‐induced skeletal dysplasia attenuating the growth of the spine.The families of boys with radiation‐induced Leydig cell failure requiring androgen replacement therapy can be reasonably optimistic about height prognosis as seven of the eight boys reached target genetic height. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
B19 parvovirus infection in children with malignant solid tumors receiving chemotherapy
Authors: Rao Sreedhar P. , Miller Scott T. , Cohen Bernard J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo children with rhabdomyosarcoma developed severe anemia following chemotherapy; anemia was more severe compared to that observed following earlier chemotherapy cycles. While one patient had a brisk reticulocytosis, the other had no demonstrable reticulocytes. Both patients had evidence of acute B19 parvovirus infection and subsequently developed appropriate antibody response. A diagnosis of B19 parvovirus infection should be considered in any patient who develops persistent or severe anemia while on chemotherapy. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.