bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An interactive atlas of genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic biomarkers promotes the potential of proteins to predict complex diseases
Authors: Benson Mikael , Smelik Martin , Li Xinxiu , Loscalzo Joseph , Sysoev Oleg , Mahmud Firoj , Aly Dina Mansour , Zhao Yelin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Multiomics analyses have identified multiple potential biomarkers of the incidence and prevalence of complex diseases. However, it is not known which type of biomarker is optimal for clinical purposes. Here, we make a systematic comparison of 90 million genetic variants, 1,453 proteins, and 325 metabolites from 500,000 individuals with complex diseases from the UK Biobank. A machine learning pipeline consisting of data cleaning, data imputation, feature selection, and model training using cross-validation and comparison of the results on holdout test sets showed that proteins were most predictive, followed by metabolites, and genetic variants. Only five proteins per disease resulted in median (min-max) areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for incidence of 0.79 (0.65–0.86) and 0.84 (0.70–0.91) for prevalence. In summary, our work suggests the potential of predicting complex diseases based on a limited number of proteins. We provide an interactive atlas (macd.shinyapps.io/ShinyApp/) to find genomic, proteomic, or metabolomic biomarkers for different complex diseases.
Peripheral blood TCRβ repertoire, IL15, IL2 and soluble ligands for NKG2D activating receptor predict efficacy of ICI in lung cancer
Authors: Sesma Andrea , Pardo Julián , Isla Dolores , Gálvez Eva M. , Gascón-Ruiz Marta , Martínez-Lostao Luis , Moratiel Alba , Paño-Pardo J. Ramón , Quílez Elisa , Torres-Ramón Irene , Yubero Alfonso , Zapata-García María , Domingo María Pilar , Esteban Patricia , Lastra Rodrigo , Ramírez-Labrada Ariel , Pamplona Rebeca Sanz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The development of immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the therapeutic paradigm of lung cancer (LC), becoming the standard of treatment for previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without actionable mutations. It has allowed the achievement of durable responses and resulted in significant survival benefits. However, not all patients respond, hence molecular biomarkers are needed to help us predict which patients will respond. With this objective, a prospective observational study was designed, including a cohort of 55 patients with NSCLC who received ICIs. We studied whether biomarkers such as TCRβ and specific cytokines involved in the regulation of T cell activity were related to the immunotherapy response. In the survival analysis, it was found that patients with higher TCRβ clonality, lower TCRβ evenness, higher TCRβ Shannon diversity and lower TCRβ convergence, had higher overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). However, no statistically significant association was observed. Regarding cytokines, those patients with higher levels of IL-2 and IL-15 presented statistically significantly shorter OS and PFS, respectively. In fact, in the multivariable analysis, the high IL-15 level increased the risk of death three times. Although the sample size was small and more studies are needed to confirm it, our study reveals promising markers of response to ICIs.
Investigating and Analyzing the Stress Distribution in Flexible Adherend for Peel-Loaded Adhesive Joints
Authors: Al-Sabur Raheem , Khalaf Hassanein I. , Kubit Andrzej , Święch Łukasz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In engineering applications, the significance of the adhesive joint geometry lies in its direct consequence on load distribution, stress concentration, and durability of the bonded structure. In this study, two homogenous rectangular bodies were adhesively joined along a 12.5 mm. The focus of this study is to investigate the distribution of normal stresses in an adhesive joint subjected to peel load. The upper body represents the flexible adherent, and the lower body represents the rigid adherent. Six points on the upper body and three points in the adhesive joint were selected to investigate displacement and strain. The obtained results were valuable and showed changes in displacement gradually reduced from the rigid and flexible adherents to the adhesive joint. Notably, the displacement reached zero at the adhesive joint on point 5, meaning the stiffness of the adhesive layer bonding was effective. On the other hand, the study examined the adhesive layer deformation according to the uniformity of displacements across vertically aligned points. The adhesive layer's consistent response to the applied load at various locations confirmed the uniform deformation properties inside. This study's experimental data gave important insight into the deformation of adhesive joints and how stresses are distributed in them.
Analyzing Temporal Variations in Radon Concentrations: Identifying Trends and Changes
Authors: Ichedef Mutlu , Sapmaz İlayda , Taşköprü Caner 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Radon is a well-known precursor for geodynamic events such as earthquakes and volcanic tremors. Radon concentration variations in soil gas have been monitored worldwide, and extreme radon values have been identified as radon anomalies associated with geodynamic events. A radon time series contains many noise signals, primarily based on meteorological effects. Therefore, detecting anomalies from values outside the mean plus a few standard deviations or from values outside the average distribution threshold may not always yield good results. Instead of analyzing specific radon anomalies, an alternative method can be used to analyze the trend changes in the radon time series. This study examines locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) to identify changes in the trend of the radon time series. During the two-year period of measurements, two separate groups with radon concentration anomalies and anomaly mechanisms were identified. In the first group, radon increases before the earthquake and decreases after the earthquake, while in the second group it shows the opposite behavior.
Activin signaling pathway specialization during embryonic and skeletal muscle development in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Richman Jasmine , Phelps Michael 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Activin signaling is essential for proper embryonic, skeletal muscle, and reproductive development. Duplication of the pathway in teleost fish has enabled diversification of gene function across the pathway but how gene duplication influences the function of activin signaling in non-mammalian species is poorly understood. Full characterization of activin receptor signaling pathway expression was performed across embryonic development and during early skeletal muscle growth in rainbow trout (RBT, Oncorhynhus mykiss). Rainbow trout are a model salmonid species that have undergone two additional rounds of whole genome duplication. There was limited expression of activin Ab in RBT embryos despite these genes exhibiting significantly elevated expression in post-hatch skeletal muscle. Divergent expression patterns were also observed for activin receptor type IIB ohnologs. CRISPR targeting of activin Aa2 and activin Ab2 did not identify any developmental or growth phenotypes in edited RBT, however, a high percentage of in-frame alleles were identified in activin Aa2 targeted fish. The research identifies mechanisms of specialization among the duplicated activin ohnologs across embryonic development and during periods of high muscle growth in larval and juvenile fish. The knowledge gained provides critical insights into viable gene-targeting approaches for engineering the activin receptor signaling pathway to improve physiological performance in salmonid species.
Machine-Learning Based Prediction of Generator Runtime: A predictive maintenance solution for a telecommunications site
Authors: Muhammed Mariam , Yinka-Banjo Chika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The telecommunications industry has experienced significant growth and trans- formation in recent years, driven by technological advancements and the increasing demand for seamless connectivity. Maintaining the infrastructure that supports them becomes a critical challenge as communication networks expand and become more complex. There is a growing trend towards designing and implementing machine learning-based predictive maintenance solutions for telecommunications infrastructure to address this challenge. This study aims to develop and implement predictive models that can accurately predict the run- time of generators on telecommunication sites. This information is crucial for efficient planning and cost estimation purposes. The research collected data over three months and split it into training and testing datasets, with the training data accounting for 70% and the testing data accounting for 30%. Three models were used for prediction: the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, the log- linear method, and the Vector Autoregression (VAR) model. The models were evaluated, and their fit was calculated. In this paper, a new model was proposed, namely the OLS model with negative clipping, to address the limitations of the OLS model. The results showed that the OLS model with negative clipping pro- vided the best prediction accuracy, with a root mean square error of 0.09. On the other hand, the Vector Autoregression model exhibited the least accuracy, with a root mean square error of 9.3385. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed predictive maintenance solution in accurately predicting generator runtime on telecommunication sites.
Spectrum of Genetic Variants Associated with Maple Syrup Urine Disease in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region: A Systematic Review
Authors: Younes Salma , Elkahlout Razan , Kilani Houda , Okashah Sarah , Sharshani Hussain Al , Rezoug Zoulikha , Zayed Hatem , Al-Dewik Nader 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background:Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a hereditary metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) enzymatic complex. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has witnessed a significant rise in the prevalence of MSUD due to high rates of consanguinity. Despite numerous genetic association studies, the complex relationships between genotype and phenotype in MSUD remain elusive.Aim:This study aimed to systematically review the variants significantly associated with MSUD in the MENA region.Methods:We systematically searched four literature databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct) from inception until December 2023 to gather all reported genetic data pertaining to MSUD in the MENA region. Quality assessment and data extraction were diligently performed by a team of six investigators.Results:A total of 16 studies, involving patients, were included in this systematic review. Among them, 291 patients presented with 105 variants located within genes known to be associated with MSUD. The majority of the identified MSUD variants were found inBCKDHA(38%), followed byBCKDHB(38%),DBT(23%), andPPM1K(1%). Notably, 71% of the captured variants were unique to the MENA region.Conclusion:Our systematic review reveals a distinctive genetic and clinical susceptibility profile of MSUD among individuals from the MENA region. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the specific genetic landscape of MSUD in this population. Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex genotype-phenotype relationships in MSUD in the MENA region.
Measuring the Oxygen Flow Rate and Purity in an Optimal Portable Oxygen Concentrator Performance with an Air Pressure Sensor
Authors: sivalingam vijai , Jayaraj Jayakumar , Paul Subha Hency Jose 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease results from a collection of lung illnesses that restrict airflow, causing breathing difficulty. Pulmonary fibrosis result from scarring of the lung tissue that causes difficulty breathing,Emphysema is a lung illness that causes the destruction of the lungs air sacs in the lungs. Oxygen concentrator can assist Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in staying active and enhancing their quality of life. Oxygen concentrators are medical devices that extract from ambient air and deliver it to patients requiring supplemental oxygen therapy. Monitoring and optimizing their performance is crucial for ensuring patient safety and delivery of the correct amount of oxygen. Air pressure sensors play a vital role in this process by providing data on various aspects of the Portable Oxygen concentrator's operation Flow rate, pressure, purity of portable oxygen concentrator. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of employing an oxygen concentrator as a platform to measure airflow with airflow sensors. By incorporating airflow sensors into an oxygen concentrator system, a non-intrusive and cost-effective approach for monitoring airflow in a variety of environments,including medical, environmental, and industrial can be developed. To investigate the feasibility of employing an Arduino Uno microcontroller and an air pressure sensor to monitor the oxygen flow rate and purity in an oxygen concentrator in order to optimize its performance. Portable oxygen concentrators are medical devices that supply extra oxygen to people who have low blood oxygen levels. These devices are smaller and lighter than fixed oxygen concentrators are, making them perfect for those who must be mobile. Portable oxygen concentrators are an extremely useful tool for individual with low blood oxygen levels. They can help people remain active, improve their quality of life, and lessen their need for oxygen tanks. A portable oxygen Concentrator with pressure swing adsorption and HX710B air pressure sensor for health monitoring has been constructed.
Reconfigurable spintronic logic gate utilizing precessional magnetization switching
Authors: Li Xiaoguang , Liu Ting , An Hongyu , Chen Shi , Zhao Yuelei , Yang Sheng , Xu Xiaohong , Zhou Cangtao , Zhang Hua , Zhou Yan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In traditional von Neumann computing architecture, the efficiency of the system is often hindered by the data transmission bottleneck between the processor and memory. A prevalent approach to mitigate this limitation is the use of non-volatile memory for in-memory computing, with spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) being a leading area of research. In our study, we numerically demonstrate that a precise combination of damping-like and field-like spin-orbit torques can facilitate precessional magnetization switching. This mechanism enables the binary memristivity of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) through the modulation of the amplitude and width of input current pulses. Building on this foundation, we have developed a scheme for a reconfigurable spintronic logic gate capable of directly implementing Boolean functions such as AND, OR, and XOR. This work is anticipated to leverage the sub-nanosecond dynamics of SOT-MRAM cells, potentially catalyzing further experimental developments in spintronic devices for in-memory computing.
Comparative Clinical Assessment and Risk Stratification of COVID-19 and Influenza Infections in Adults and Children: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zaki Hany , Elgassim Mohamed , Shaban Eman , Ahmed Amina , Ameen Amin Wafer , Abdurabu Mohammed , Basharat Kaleem , Shaban Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background and objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease that rapidly spread over the world, prompting to it to be declared a global pandemic. Since the illness exhibits similar symptoms as influenza, it can be challenging to tell the two diseases apart, especially during the influenza season. Therefore, it was necessary to carry out a comparative study to assess the clinical risks and outcomes of COVID-19 and influenza.
Methods
The search for relevant articles was carried out through the database search method and a manual search which involved going through the reference lists of articles related to the topic for additional studies. The Quality appraisal was carried out using the Newcastle Ottawa tool, while data analysis was done using the Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.4.1).
Results
The meta-analysis results show that COVID-19 patients had similar lengths of hospital stay (SMD: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.60 to 0.11; p = 0.17). However, COVID-19 patients had significantly higher mortality rates (RR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.37; p < 0.0001), in-hospital complications (RR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.65; p < 0.00001), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.61; p < 0.00001), length of ICU stay (SMD: -0.45; 95% CI: -0.83 to 0.06; p = 0.02), and mechanical ventilation use (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.46; p < 0.00001).
Conclusion
The findings suggest that COVID-19 is more severe than influenza. Therefore, “flu-like” symptoms should not be dismissed without a clear diagnosis, especially during the winter seasons when influenza is more common.
The relationship between home-school cooperation and parenting self-efficacy : the Mediating Role of parental psychological flexibility and the Moderating Role of work-family conflict
Authors: Lei Tianyang , Li Shuchao , Du Simiao , Xiang Silin , Yuan Xiaojiao 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background.
parenting self-efficacy has become a prevalent issue among Chinese parents, and home-school cooperation can to some extent enhance parents' parenting capabilities, aiding them in adopting positive parenting methods. However, there has been limited research on the underlying mechanisms of this interaction.
Aims.
This cross-sectional study aims to examine the process through which home-school cooperation enhances parenting self-efficacy among Chinese parents, with the goal of revealing practical pathways for effectively improving parenting self-efficacy.
Sample.
The participants in this study were parents of students from two primary and secondary schools in Shandong, China (n = 1328).
Methods.
We evaluated parents’ home-school cooperation, parenting self-efficacy, parental psychological flexibility, and work-family conflict.
Results.
The results indicate that (1) home-school cooperation significantly and positively predicts parenting self-efficacy; (2) parental psychological flexibility acts as a mediator between home-school cooperation and parenting self-efficacy; (3) work-family conflict moderates the relationship between home-school cooperation and parental psychological flexibility, as well as the relationship between parental psychological flexibility and parenting self-efficacy.
Conclusions.
These findings suggest the existence of a pathway from home-school cooperation to parental psychological flexibility, which subsequently influences parenting self-efficacy. This pathway is dependent on the level of work-family conflict.
An improved simulation of temperature field in Laser–low current
Authors: Xu Shixiang , Sun Zhenbang , Han Yongquan , Sun Haotian , Xing Yucheng , Zhang Shiquan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to achieve efficient and precise connection of thin steel sheets for vehicles by analyzing the thermal process of Laser-MAG hybrid high-speed welding lap of thin galvanized steel sheets. A high-speed camera combined with an NI AD data acquisition system were used, and the transition behavior and electrical signals of low-current MAG and Laser-MAG hybrid welding were examined. The thin sheet MAG welding droplet transition method mainly comprised short-circuit transfer. During the short-circuit phase, the voltage decreased and the current increased sharply, forming a short-circuit liquid column. When current increased to a certain level, the liquid bridge burst, the droplets carried heat and kinetic energy to the weld pool, the arc voltage returned to a no-load state, and the arc was re-ignited. In the arcing phase, the current first decreased steeply and then slowly, while the voltage decreased slowly and smoothly. According to the different heat source characteristics of the arc combustion and short-circuit stages during short-circuit transition, a new MAG heat source for low-current short-circuit transition was developed. This study employed a double-ellipse heat source with different powers for the arc combustion stage as well as a uniform body heat source that considered the thermal and kinetic energies of the melt droplets for the short-circuit stage. The thermal input of low current MAG welding was described by double-ellipse and uniform body heat source periodic loading. Moreover, the laser exerted an attraction and compression influence over the arc during the hybrid welding, which promoted the droplet transfer. Therefore, based on the novel MAG heat source, a hybrid Laser-MAG heat source in the short-circuit transition mode was developed. The laser beam heat source was described using a three-dimensional column heat source, the arc attraction and compression by the laser were considered indirectly through distribution parameter tuning for the double-ellipse model, and the laser-promoted transition effects of the droplets were described through the cycle frequency alterations of a double ellipsoid and homogeneous heat source. this heat source model was used to determine the MAG welding and hybrid welding temperature fields. Using hybrid Laser-MAG welding, a weld with a high depth-to-width ratio and complete penetration was obtained. The weld geometry and weld pool length were determined through welding tests, and the test results coincided with the fusion line trend and shape of the weld obtained by simulation, proving the rationality of the developed heat source model.
Comparison of upper body posture, shoulder range of motion of volleyball players with and without scapular dyskinesia
Authors: Pashaie Fazel , Roshani Sajad , Mahmoudi Hamed 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Repetitive movement patterns and continuous use of the upper limb in volleyball cause scapular movement disorders. The aim of the present study was to compare upper body posture, shoulder range of motion of volleyball players with and without scapular dyskinesia.
Methods
50 volleyball players (25 volleyball players with scapular dyskinesia and 25 healthy volleyball players) were selected in a targeted manner from volleyball clubs in Urmia city. Head and shoulder posture were evaluated using photography. The thoracic spine was assessed by a flexible ruler; internal and external rotation of the shoulder using a goniometer. In order to compare the means of the two groups, independent t-test was used.
Results
The results showed a significant difference in forward head (P = 0.047), forward shoulder (P = 0.007) and thoracic spine posture (P = 0.037), and shoulder external rotation (P = 0.001) between healthy volleyball players and volleyball players with scapular dyskinesia. However, there was no significant difference in internal rotation of the shoulder (P = 0.148) between the two groups.
Conclusion
shoulder girdle posture of volleyball players with scapular dyskinesia seems to be poorer than that of volleyball players without scapular dyskinesia. Players with scapular dyskinesia had limited external rotation range compared to the healthy group. This issue may be affected by the position of the shoulder, which itself can be caused by a poor posture.