bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bedrock morphology influences rock barrens turtle nesting habitat energy dynamics
Authors: Van Huizen Brandon , Markle Chantel E. , Moore Paul A. , Waddington James M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnergy absorption and flow through a nest is an important aspect of embryonic development in many reptile species including turtles. To date, few studies have explicitly attempted to quantify the energy flow through turtle nests, opting instead for the simplified approach offered by temperature index models. However, the quantification of the energy can provide an explicit abiotic link that can link biological models to biometeorological and ecohydrological processes and models. We investigated the energy flow through turtle nests occupying different bedrock morphologies within a Canadian Shield Rock Barren landscape, in Ontario, Canada. The taxons studied were Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guttata), Midland Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta marginata), and Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii). Nest temperature and soil moisture were measured in 2018 and 2019 using sensors placed in the soil adjacent to 12 turtle nest cavities. Three main rock morphologies were identified for each nest location, Crevice, Ledge, and Flat types, that are in order of decreasing bedrock percentage contact with the nest site. Ground heat flux and change in heat storage were determined using the calorimetric method for each nest, while the direction of energy flux between the atmosphere and the underlying rock was also determined. The Crevice nest morphology experienced the lowest ground heat flux on average (1.56 × 10−1 W m−2) and lowest cumulative heat storage (230 MJ) compared to the Flat (440 MJ) and Ledge (331 MJ) nests. However, over the diurnal cycle, large heat gains by Flat nests were mostly balanced out by nighttime heat losses. While Crevice nests saw the lowest daily heat storage gains, they experienced much lower heat losses over the evening period compared to the other nest types. Furthermore, we found that 59% of the energy is directed from the underlying bedrock into the Crevice nest, highlighting the importance of the bedrock in controlling thermal dynamics in the turtle nesting habitat. The lower variability in energy parameters for Crevice nest types can be attributed to higher amounts of nest‐to‐bedrock contact, compared to the flat nest types. Our results indicate that Crevice morphology may be ideal for turtles nesting at their northern limits because minimal heat loss during the evening can result in a more stable thermal incubation environment. Future conservation and habitat restoration efforts should consider the importance of bedrock morphology and prioritize the protection of Crevice nest sites. Furthermore, this work highlights important opportunities for potential interdisciplinary work between ecologists, climatologists, biologists, and hydrologists, specifically the integration of ecohydrological and biological models. This work also underscores the potential uncertainty of climate change impacts on turtle egg hatching success and nest sex ratios.
Natural mating ability is associated with gut microbiota composition and function in captive male giant pandas
Authors: Yan Zheng , Lei Yinghu , Zhao Pengpeng , Zhang Danhui , Shen Jiena , Zhang Guiquan , Wei Rongping , Liu Haoqiu , Liu Xiaoyan , He Yan , Shen Sijia , Liu Dingzhen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe issue of poor sexual performance of some male giant pandas seriously impairs the growth and the genetic diversity of the captive population, yet there is still no clear understanding of the cause of the loss of this ability and its underlying mechanism. In this study, we analyzed the gut microbiota and its function in 72 fecal samples obtained from 20 captive male giant pandas, with an equal allocation between individuals capable and incapable of natural mating. Additionally, we investigated fecal hormone levels and behavioral differences between the two groups. A correlation analysis was then conducted among these factors to explore the influencing factors of their natural mating ability. The results showed significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between the two groups of male pandas. The capable group had significantly higher abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 (padjusted = .0021, GLMM), which was positively correlated with fatty acid degradation and two‐component system functions (Spearman, padjusted < .05). Additionally, the capable group showed higher gene abundance in gut microbiota function including purine and pyrimidine metabolism and galactose metabolism, as well as pathways related to biological processes such as ribosome and homologous recombination (DEseq2, padjusted < .05). We found no significant differences in fecal cortisol and testosterone levels between the two groups, and no difference was found in their behavior either. Our study provides a theoretical and practical basis for further studying the behavioral degradation mechanisms of giant pandas and other endangered mammal species.
Tonic immobility behaviour does not differ between fire salamander larvae from ponds and streams
Authors: Schulte Laura , Caspers Barbara A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTonic immobility is an antipredator defence in which the prey animal remains motionless after physical contact with the predator, pretending to be dead. This behaviour has been observed among a variety of taxa but has received only little attention in amphibian larvae. During our field studies with fire salamander larvae, we observed that larvae from different habitats display tonic immobility after handling. In our study site, we find larvae in pond and stream habitats, that differ in several aspects such as their stress response and their risk‐taking behaviour, likely caused by the very different habitat conditions. We measured the time that the tonic immobility behaviour was displayed but found no difference between larvae from the two habitat types. Likewise, we also found no correlation between the size of the larvae and the duration of displaying the behaviour. In conclusion, we found that fire salamander larvae show tonic immobility, but found no evidence that the different habitat conditions influence the tonic immobility behaviour.
Optimised PCR assays for detecting elusive waterfowl from environmental DNA
Authors: Honka Johanna , Kvist Laura , Olli Suvi , Laaksonen Toni , Aspi Jouni 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFor many aquatic and semiaquatic mammal, amphibian and fish species, environmental DNA (eDNA) methods are employed to detect species distribution and to monitor their presence, but eDNA is much less employed for avian species. Here, we developed primers for the detection of true geese and swan species using eDNA and optimised a PCR protocol for eDNA. We selected taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis fabalis) as our focal (sub)species and sampled water from lakes, from which the presence of taiga bean goose was visually confirmed. To test, if taiga bean goose DNA could be detected among DNA of other goose species, we similarly sampled eDNA from a zoo pond housing several Anatidae species. We were able to detect taiga bean goose DNA in all but one of the tested lakes, including the zoo pond. The primers developed are not species‐specific, but rather specific to the genus Anser, due to the close relatedness of Anser species, which prevented the development of species‐specific primers and the use of, for example, quantitative PCR. We also developed eDNA primers for Branta species and Cygnus species and tested these primers using the same samples. Canada goose (B. canadensis) and barnacle goose (B. leucopsis) DNA were only detected in the zoo pond (in which they were present), as the sampled natural lakes fall outside the range of these species. We detected whooper swan (C. cygnus) DNA in three lakes and the zoo pond (in which the species was present). The eDNA method presented here provides a potential means to monitor elusive goose species and to study the co‐occurrence of large waterfowl.
Alkynyl Gold(I) Phosphine Complexes: Evaluation of Structure–Activity Relationships for the Alkynyl Ligands on Luminescence and Cytotoxicity
Authors: Lin Tingting , Lin Yanyan , Yao Junfei , Wu Zhongwei , Fu Nanyan , Wei Qiaohua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA series of gold (I) phoshpine complexes with diverse alkynyl ligands [Au(C≡CR)(PTA)] (R=C6H11OH, 1; C5H9OH, 2; C15H11OH, 3; C19H27O2, 4; C18H23O2, 5; C9H12N, 6; CH2OCH2C6H5, 7; C6H4OCH3, 8; PTA=1,3,5‐Triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) have been synthesized and characterized using a range of spectroscopic techniques. Complex 1 and 3 show an infinite one–dimensional S–type and zigzag aurophilic chain, respectively, whereas complex 2 containing 1‐ethynyl‐1‐cyclohexanol gives an approximate linear two–dimensional aurophilic chain, through intra/intermolecular Au(I)⋯Au(I) interactions as well as hydrogen bonding interactions between hydroxy groups of alkynyl ligands and PTA. Solid complexes 1–8 display strongly room/low–temperature emissive of 477–613 nm with the emission lifetime of 0.40–14.0 μs. All the complexes display higher cytotoxicities against MCF‐7, with the cytotoxicity decreasing in the following order 4>8>5>3>7>6>2>1. Complex 4 and 5 stand out for the highest selectivity towards MCF–7 (IC50=0.63–0.78 μM) compared with normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts (helf) (IC50=14.85–18.13 μM), which makes those complexes attractive for breast cancer therapy.
Application of DNA‐Conjugated Aryl Diazonium Intermediates in DNA‐Encoded Libraries
Authors: Fan Xiaohong , Li Xianfeng , Li Yangfeng , Li Yizhou 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAryl diazonium intermediates have emerged as highly versatile intermediates in modern organic synthesis and chemical biology, demonstrating remarkable reactivity under mild reaction conditions. Their significance has extended to DNA‐encoded libraries (DELs), where they serve as valuable alternatives to traditional aryl halide‐based cross‐coupling reactions. Aryl diazonium intermediates as N2‐annulation synthons can efficiently transform into benzotriazinone core on DNA besides C−C coupling. This concept paper illuminates recent advances in this field, emphasizing their applications and potential across various facets of DELs, off‐DNA chemistry, DELs selection, and DNA‐based probes. It is anticipated that these developments will propel the broader utilization of DNA‐conjugated aryl diazonium salt intermediates in DELs, protein labeling, hit discovery, and other interdisciplinary fields.
Dielectrophilic Approach to Sequential Heterofunctionalization of Ethylene from Vinylthianthrenium Salt
Authors: Magagnano Giandomenico , Poirier Valentin , Romoli Filippo , Corbisiero Dario , Calogero Francesco , Cozzi Pier Giorgio , Gualandi Andrea 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVinyl thianthrenium salt is a compound with interesting electrophilic properties capable of reacting with two distinct nucleophiles. By using β‐keto esters as one of the reaction partners, it is possible to insert a chain of two carbon atoms with a further functionalization under mild conditions. We have studied this new methodology which involves the stepwise formation of a C−C and a C−X bond (with X=N, O, etc.) in one step without the use of metals. Depending on the reaction conditions and the starting ketoester, a varied reactivity has been observed and described.
Kinetic Resolution of Cyclic Tertiary Alcohols with Lipase A from Candida Antarctica
Authors: Horino Satoshi , Wagner Karla , Hummel Anke , Kanomata Kyohei , Gröger Harald , Akai Shuji 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEnzyme‐catalyzed acylative kinetic resolution (KR) and dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of racemic primary and secondary alcohols have been widely reported to produce esters with high enantiomeric purity. In contrast, similar KRs of tertiary alcohols have been reported for only a limited range of substrates and require prolonged reaction times of several days. To gain deeper insight into the substrate scope and increase the process efficiency, we examined the reaction conditions using commercially available immobilized lipase A from Candida antarctica and found that the addition of the heterogeneous, inorganic base sodium carbonate significantly increased the reaction rate while maintaining high enantioselectivity. The use of vinyl hexanoate as the acyl donor provided esters that were stable during chromatography purification. The optimized reaction conditions were then successfully applied to a range of cyclic tertiary alcohols containing tetralin, dihydroindene, chromane, and thiochromane skeletons having, in part, a substituent on the aromatic ring. In this study on the structure–reactivity relationship of enzymatic KR‐type reactions, we achieved >30 % conversion for various tertiary alcohols in 24 h at 25 °C, producing optically active esters with 88–99 % ee.
Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)—Looking beyond the eating disorder lens?
Authors: Duffy Fiona , Willmott Emma , Nimbley Emy , Lawton Andrew , Sharpe Helen , Buchan Kyle , Gillespie‐Smith Karri 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAvoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) was first included as a diagnostic category in 2013, and over the past 10 years has been adopted by the international eating disorder community. While greater awareness of these difficulties has increased identification, demand and enabled advocacy for clinical services, the heterogeneous nature of ARFID poses unique challenges for eating disorder clinicians and researchers. This commentary aims to reflect on some of these challenges, focussing specifically on the risk of viewing ARFID through an eating disorder lens. This includes potential biases in the literature as most recent research has been conducted in specialist child and adolescent eating disorder clinic settings, bringing in to question the generalisability of findings to the broad spectrum of individuals affected by ARFID. We also consider whether viewing ARFID predominantly through an eating disorder lens risks us as a field being blinkered to the range of effective skills our multi‐disciplinary feeding colleagues may bring. There are opportunities that may come with the eating disorder field navigating treatment pathways for ARFID, including more joined up working with multi‐disciplinary colleagues, the ability to transfer skills used in ARFID treatment to individuals with eating disorder presentations, and most notably an opportunity to provide more effective treatment and service pathways for individuals with ARFID and their families. However, these opportunities will only be realised if eating disorder clinicians and researchers step out of their current silos.
The association between endometrial cancer and subsequent diabetic retinopathy severity: A retrospective nationwide study
Authors: Lee Chung‐Yuan , Lin Chiao‐Wen , Sun Yi‐Hung , Wang Po‐Hui , Lee Chia‐Yi , Huang Jing‐Yang , Yang Shun‐Fa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe endometrial cancer is a disorder with elevated oxidative stress. The high oxidative stress resulting from hyperglycemia can lead to diabetic retinopathy (DR) development which is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, we aim to evaluate the potential relationship between the endometrial cancer and following DR development.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Individuals diagnosed with endometrial cancer were matched to the non‐endometrial cancer patients in a 1:4 ratio. The major outcomes are the presence of DR, diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) according to diagnostic codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to show the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of major outcomes between groups.ResultsThere were 99 (2.3%), 20 (0.5%), and 14 (0.3%) cases with DR, DME and PDR in the endometrial cancer group, respectively. Another 303 (1.8%), 35 (0.2%), and 27 (0.2%) with DR, DME and PDR were observed in the control group, respectively. The endometrial cancer group revealed a significantly higher incidence of DR compared with the control group (aHR 1.51, 95% CI 1.20–1.90, P < 0.001). The cumulative probability of DR was also higher in the endometrial cancer group than in the control group (P < 0.001). The relationship between endometrial cancer and DR was significantly higher in patients aged over 70 years (P = 0.008). In addition, a higher incidence of DR was found during the first 5 years after the endometrial cancer diagnosis (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe endometrial cancer correlates to a higher incidence of subsequent DR, especially within first 5 years of endometrial cancer diagnosis.
Segmentation of the left atrium and proximal pulmonary veins based on dimensional decomposition attention
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Liang Tingyu , Li Yanlin , Liang Kaichao , Gong Zhaoxuan , Guo Wei , Zhang Zhuoning , Ju Ronghui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPulmonary vein anatomical structure typing plays a crucial role in the preoperative assessment and postoperative evaluation of lung tumor resection, atrial fibrillation radio frequency ablation, and other medical procedures. The accuracy of such typing relies heavily on the segmentation results of the left atrium and proximal pulmonary veins. However, due to the similarities in intensity between the left atrium, proximal pulmonary veins, and adjacent tissues in CT images, segmentation errors often occur, leading to subsequent inaccuracies in pulmonary vein classification. To address this issue, we propose an attention module called Dimensional Decomposition Attention (DDA), which combines Dimensional Decomposition Spatial Attention (DDSA) and Dimensional Decomposition Channel Attention (DDCA). DDA effectively leverages the spatial and channel information of 3D images to enhance the segmentation accuracy of the left atrium and proximal pulmonary veins. In DDSA, the input features are decomposed into three one‐dimensional directional features (height, width, and depth) and fused to generate weights that emphasize spatial shape features and focus on the region of interest. On the other hand, DDCA encodes the input features into dimensional channel features, fuses them with one‐dimensional directional features, and utilizes position encoding to reinforce the channel features and prioritize channels with relevant information. The performance of DDA was evaluated using a two‐stage experimental approach on datasets provided by The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province and the MM‐WHS CT dataset, yielding average Dice values of 93.93% and 90.80%, respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of DDA.
BDD efficiency: Survey of BDD edge ordering algorithms in network reliability
Authors: Chauhan Aakash , Verma Gourav 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNetwork reliability analysis is vital for ensuring efficient and error‐free communication within networking and communication applications. Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) have emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing and optimizing complex network infrastructures. The objective of this research paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of edge‐ordering algorithms for network reliability using BDDs the study aims to evaluate and compare existing algorithms, providing valuable insights for selecting suitable edge‐ordering algorithms that enhance network reliability. The paper concludes that snooker is outperforming among selected algorithms.
Effects of silencing hsa_circ_0015326 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Cui‐Ying , Liu Wei , Wang Jia , Zhang Wen‐Wen , Huang Jing‐Lin , Huang Xi‐Yue , Zhang Ying‐Feng , Li Chang‐Jiang , Wang Ting‐Ting , Mao Yan‐Hua , Wang Wen‐Min , Sun Cong‐Cong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlthough the treatment of ovarian cancer has made great progress, there are still many patients who are not timely detected and given targeted therapy due to unknown pathogenesis. Recent studies have found that hsa_circ_0015326 is upregulated in ovarian cancer and is involved in the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ovarian cancer cells. However, whether hsa_circ_0015326 can be used as a new target of ovarian cancer needs further investigation. Therefore, the effect of hsa_circ_0015326 on epithelial ovarian cancer was investigated in this study. At first, si‐hsa_circ_0015326 lentivirus was transfected into epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Then real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect hsa_circ_0015326 level. The proliferation of ovarian cancer cells was detected by CCK‐8 assay. The horizontal and vertical migration abilities of the cells were detected by wound‐healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Transwell assay was also used to determine the invasion rate. As for the apoptosis rate, it was assessed by flow cytometry. As a result, the expression level of hsa_circ_0015326 in A2780 and SKOV3 was found to be higher than that in IOSE‐80. However, after transfecting si‐hsa_circ_0015326 and si‐NC into the cells, the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of A2780 and SKOV3 cells in the si‐hsa_circ_0015326 group were significantly reduced in comparison to those in the si‐NC and mock groups, while their apoptosis rates were elevated. Collectively, silencing hsa_circ_0015326 bears the capability of inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells while increasing apoptosis rate. It can be concluded that hsa_circ_0015326 promotes the malignant biological activities of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.
Assessing social determinants of mental health: Client experiences and counselor practices
Authors: Gantt‐Howrey Alexandra , Lin Mickey , Shaikh Afroze , Johnson Kaprea F. , Preston Judith W. , Wilson Liz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIncreasing socioeconomic challenges and their impacts on mental health support the importance of assessing clients’ social determinants of mental health (SDMH) challenges. We examined counseling clients’ (N = 390) experiences with SDMH assessment in counseling using the Client Perceptions of SDMH Assessment Scale (CP‐SDMH). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three‐factor structure for the CP‐SDMH. Results suggest potential biases in SDMH assessment practices. Clients reported that SDMH assessment most often occurred verbally and in relation to health and economic issues. Disparities emerged, indicating higher assessment frequency for Black/African American clients compared to White clients, and lower SDMH assessment rates for clients in specific settings, such as private practices. Furthermore, results indicate a significant positive correlation between assessment of SDMH challenges and client satisfaction. Implications for counseling and future research are discussed.