bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Cell Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity and Interactions Between Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts in Post‐ESD Oesophageal Stricture
Authors: Tao Lulong , Xia Junjun , Hu Die , Zhang Guoxin , Gong Yaoyao , Yan Jin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTOesophageal stricture, especially circumferential lesions, is a common complication of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the exact mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear. Consequently, understanding tissue microenvironment changes is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets. To address this, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) was performed on oesophageal stricture samples and normal controls. Alterations in cellular composition were observed, particularly in epithelial, endothelial, fibroblast and immune cells. A notable increase was observed in the number of differentiating suprabasal cell_2 (DFSC_2), which displayed pro‐keratinizing traits. Detailed investigations revealed augmentation in a subset of these cells, characterised by elevated FTH1 and ECM1 expression, indicating their role in epithelial remodelling. Furthermore, fibroblast heterogeneity was demonstrated, with significant activation of myofibroblasts within stricture tissues. MDK–NCL, CXCL5/6‐CXCR2, and TGFA–EGFR ligand–receptor pairs were enhanced in stricture tissues, mediating epithelial–stromal interactions. This study dissected the transcriptional landscape of postoperative oesophageal stricture tissues, providing valuable insights into stricture mechanisms and potential preventive strategies.
Monosodium glutamate: A hidden risk factor for obesity?
Authors: Kahe Ka , Laferrère Blandine , Castellanos Francisco X. , Zhang Yijia , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: February 2025

SummaryMonosodium glutamate (MSG) has become one of the most widely used food additives in the global food supply. Although it has been classified for decades as a food ingredient that is generally recognized as safe, concerns about the health impacts of chronic MSG use, especially its potential effect on weight, are still ongoing. This comprehensive review summarizes the available human and animal evidence, highlighting potential mechanisms linking MSG use to weight gain or obesity, and discusses challenges and future research directions. Because of MSG intake worldwide as well as hidden MSG in food labeling, there is a pressing need for a mechanistic understanding of the health impacts of MSG use especially on weight. To generate robust scientific evidence and to clarify public concerns, rigorous mechanistic studies and randomized controlled clinical trials are warranted.
The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Nitrate and Nitrite Metabolism of Oral Actinomyces and Schaalia Species
Authors: Otake Tomona , Washio Jumpei , Ezoe Kazuko , Sato Satoko , Abiko Yuki , Igarashi Kaoru , Takahashi Nobuhiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTActinomyces naeslundii and Schaalia odontolytica belong to the most predominant nitrite‐producing bacteria in the oral microbiome. Nitrite has antibacterial and vasodilatory effects that may contribute to maintaining oral and systemic health. We have previously elucidated the metabolic characteristics of the nitrite‐producing activity of oral Veillonella species and the effects of oral environmental factors. However, this is still unknown for Actinomyces and Schaalia species. Furthermore, these bacteria are thought to degrade nitrite. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively elucidate the effects of environmental factors (pH, oxygen concentration, glucose, lactate, and the presence of nitrate/nitrite during growth) on nitrate and nitrite metabolism of these bacterial species using the type strains. Nitrite was quantified by Griess reagent, and final metabolites were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The nitrite‐producing activity of A. naeslundii and S. odontolytica was affected variously by environmental factors. Especially in A. naeslundii, under anaerobic conditions, the activity increased in a concentration‐dependent manner with the addition of glucose or lactate and was higher at lower pH when lactate was added. The nitrite‐degrading activity of both bacteria was lower than the nitrite‐producing activity and was less affected by environmental factors. Metabolites from glucose by A. naeslundii were different with and without nitrate, suggesting that nitrate altered metabolic pathways. The growth was inhibited under anaerobic conditions but promoted under aerobic conditions. These results indicate that the nitrite‐producing capacity of the oral microflora must take into account not only the composition and abundance of bacteria but also the variation in metabolic activity due to various environmental factors.
Advanced Atrioventricular Block in a Young Patient: Pacemaker Implantation Is No Longer the Only Choice
Authors: May Bruna Miers , Bartholomay Eduardo , Kochi Adriano Nunes , de Andrade Karina , Nicola Thaís Coutinho , Reichert Giulia Bonatto 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA 40‐year‐old woman with symptomatic advanced atrioventricular (AV) block underwent cardioneuroablation (CNA) for the treatment of functional bradyarrhythmia, following the exclusion of reversible causes and intrinsic disease of the conduction system. Selective ablation of ganglia related to the AV node, performed exclusively in the left atrium, restored AV conduction, which has remained unchanged with 2 years of follow‐up. CNA is a viable and effective option with low risk for the treatment of functional bradyarrhythmias, regardless of their severity.
Progressed Atrioventricular Block in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Myocarditis: A Case Report
Authors: Xie Dongmei , Yan Ting , Zhang Xin , Liu Xingbin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has demonstrated promising results in treating various cancers, but its associated cardiotoxicity, especially ICI‐associated myocarditis, presents a serious concern. We reported a case of a 63‐year‐old male who complained of progressive dyspnea after tislelizumab, a novel humanized anti‐PD‐1 monoclonal antibody, for hepatocellular carcinoma. Upon diagnosing ICI‐related myocarditis, corticosteroid therapy was initiated immediately. The elevated biomarkers quickly decreased, but the atrioventricular block progressed from first‐degree to third‐degree, necessitating pacemaker implantation. This is the first report of complete AVB consecutive to tislelizumab‐induced myocarditis, highlighting the importance of early corticosteroid therapy and continuous electrocardiography monitoring.
Modeling renewable energy market performance under climate policy uncertainty: A novel multivariate quantile causality analysis
Authors: Sinha Avik , Murshed Muntasir , Das Narasingha , Saha Tanaya 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe renewable energy market in the United States of America (USA) has experienced several crests and troughs owing to the changes in the climate policies. These changes in the climate policies have impacted the climate risk management scenario in the USA. This impact has changed the behavioral pattern of the renewable energy drivers, and a supply‐side analysis of this aspect is largely ignored in the literature. In this pursuit, the present study aims at analyzing the moderating role of climate policy uncertainty in shaping the behavior of renewable energy drivers in the USA. Given the risk analysis perspective, a novel multivariate quantile‐on‐quantile causality test is introduced in the present study to address five aspects of risk analysis, i.e., tail dependence, co‐movement, predictability, multivariate, and asymmetric impact. Moreover, this test also addresses the omitted variable bias and absence of ortho‐partiality distribution, which were inherent to Granger causality test. Along with the analysis at the national level, a firm‐level analysis is also done by taking the top‐5 renewable energy generation firms of the USA. The results show that the climate policy uncertainty has a dampening effect on the renewable energy drivers, and this effect differs at the firm level. These impacts show a significant policy dimension for addressing the climatic risk management concerns in the USA, while achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 objectives.
Market Integration in Nordic Online Retail Markets: Do Cross‐Border Transaction Costs Still Matter?
Authors: Carling Kenneth , Lindgren Charlie , Rudholm Niklas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIf online retail markets are integrated, in that cost shocks in one country also affect pricing in other countries, asymmetric shocks to any one country in the region will spill over to neighboring countries as well. Using web‐scraped product‐level prices from a group of retail firms selling identical products in at least two of the four Nordic markets under study, we investigate if national markets are segmented at the borders. Contrary to previous studies, we use differences in product characteristics to divide the data into products that are easily transported across borders and those that are not. At the extreme end of the transportability spectrum, we investigate market integration for four types of games for computers or game consoles that are delivered via downloads, where the cross‐border transaction costs should be close to zero. Our results show that markets for product categories where cross‐border transaction costs are high are also segmented at the border, while markets for product categories that can easily be traded and transported between countries are not. As such, cross‐border transaction costs still matter for market segmentation, but only for the subset of products where such costs are high.
Neuromuscular Fatigue Induced by Cycling at a Fixed Level of Perceived Effort: Effects of Different Purported Hypoxic Methods
Authors: Beaume Jean‐Baptiste , Di Domenico Hervé , Bowen Maximilien , Hintzy Frédérique , Millet Guillaume Y. , Pageaux Benjamin , Debevec Tadej , Rupp Thomas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWe compared neuromuscular fatigue induced by cycling at a fixed perceived effort in normoxic condition (NOR) and three purported hypoxia modalities: systemic hypoxia (SyH, FiO2 = 0.13), blood flow restriction (BFR, 50% arterial occlusion pressure) and airflow restriction mask (ARM, calibrated to ~3500 m). Seventeen healthy young participants cycled for 20 min at a self‐selected power output corresponding to a hard effort (15/20, Borg scale) on an innovative cycle ergometer allowing immediate neuromuscular evaluation. Isometric maximum voluntary contraction of the knee extensors (IMVC), central (voluntary activation, VA) and peripheral fatigue were measured before and every 5 min during cycling. Power output, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), quadriceps oxygenation (near‐infrared spectroscopy, TSI) and pain were assessed throughout cycling. Power output was lower in BFR and SyH compared to NOR and ARM and was lower in BFR compared to SyH. SpO2 was reduced only in SyH (mean 77% ± 4%). In all conditions, IMVC decreased from minute 5 and subsequently plateaued (~−10% to −20%), except in BFR, wherein it further declined to −40% ± 14% at minute 20 in the presence of lowered VA and exacerbated muscle pain compared to other conditions. Muscle TSI was further decreased in SyH compared to other conditions. Our results confirm the inability of ARM to induce hypoxia. Compared to other conditions, BFR showed a greater reduction in IMVC and VA, in the presence of a higher quadriceps pain and no greater muscle deoxygenation. These results underline the psychophysiological impact of quadriceps pain on both maximal and submaximal motor output.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*29:200N Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐A*29:200N differs from HLA‐A*29:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 255 in exon 4.
Proteomic reprogramming underlying anatomical and physiological characteristics of poplar wood in acclimation to changing light and nitrogen availabilities
Authors: Lu Yan , Deng Shurong , Wu Jiangting , Li Hong , Zhou Jing , Shi Wenguang , Fayyaz Payam , Luo Zhi‐Bin 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYTo explore the proteomic regulation that underlies the physiological, anatomical, and chemical characteristics of wood in acclimation to changing light and nitrogen (N), saplings of Populus × canescens were treated with control or high irradiance in combination with low, control or high N for 4 months. High irradiance led to elevated levels of starch, sucrose, glucose, and fructose, decreased concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, most amino acids and total N, wider xylem, more xylem cell layers, narrower vessel lumina, longer fiber cells, greater fiber wall thickness, and more cellulose and hemicellulose but less lignin deposition in poplar wood. Limiting N resulted in increased levels of starch and sucrose, reduced levels of glucose, fructose, ammonium, nitrate, amino acids and total N, narrower xylem, fewer xylem cell layers, reduced vessel lumen diameter, thicker fiber walls, and less cellulose and more hemicellulose and lignin accumulation, whereas high N had the opposite effects on poplar wood. Correspondingly, numerous differentially abundant proteins, which are related mainly to the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids, cell division and expansion, and deposition of secondary cell walls, such as sucrose synthase 6 (SUS6), cell division cycle protein 48 (CDC48) and laccases (LACs), were identified in poplar cambiums in response to changes in light intensity and N availability. These results suggest that proteomic relays play essential roles in regulating the physiological characteristics and anatomical and chemical properties of poplar wood in acclimation to changing light and N availabilities.
Phosphate deficiency inducible OsGDPD5 affects root growth by regulating sugar‐auxin crosstalk
Authors: Verma Lokesh , Pandey Mandavi , Bhatia Chitra , Mehra Poonam , Singh Bhagat , Giri Jitender 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYGlycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GDPDs) enzymes are known to be involved in phospholipids degradation pathways, where glycerophosphodiesters are hydrolyzed to glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P) and corresponding alcohol. In plants, GDPDs are involved in phosphate deficiency adaptive responses and have been shown to impact root length, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. This study focuses on the rice GDPD5 gene and its role in regulating primary root growth. Our research demonstrates that OsGDPD5 encodes a functional GDPD enzyme and could hydrolyze glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphorylethanolamine. At transcriptional levels, OsGDPD5 is preferentially expressed in the root tip and regulated by transcription factor OsPHR2. We have used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate OsGDPD5 knock‐out lines, allowing us to explore its role in root growth. Our findings show that osgdpd5 mutants had a shorter primary root, which could be restored to a normal level by the exogenous application of sugar or G3P. Further, knocking out OsGDPD5 alters endogenous levels of G3P and sugars, affecting auxin biosynthesis in the root and, ultimately, primary root growth. In this manner, OsGDPD5 has a crucial role in regulating physiological processes, specifically sugar and auxin signaling, which are known to be involved in root growth regulation in rice. Our research thus unraveled a link between rice phosphate deficiency‐responsive lipid remodeling and root growth via sugar‐hormone signaling.
Conformal classes of Lorentzian surfaces with Killing fields
Authors: Mounoud Pierre 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe study the conformal classes of two‐dimensional Lorentzian tori with (nonzero) Killing fields. We define a map that associate to such a class a vector field on the circle (up to a scalar factor). This map is not injective but has finite‐dimensional fiber. It allows us to characterize the conformal classes of tori with Killing field satisfying a condition related to the existence of conjugate points given by Mehidi.
A Study on Dynamic Response and Stability of Conductor Pipe in Shallow-Water Field
Authors: Yang Jin , Abimbola Fatai Akorede , Adetowubo Adenike Yeside 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Maintaining the vertical position of the conductor pipe during drilling and nondrilling operations remains a challenge in shallow-water fields. In Tianjin’s shallow-water field, a conductor pipe left for evacuation was found displaced on resumption for drilling operation. This prompts the need to address the problem by investigating the stability of the conductor pipe and to prevent its future occurrence. In this work, a governing equation is presented to study the mechanical behavior of a conductor pipe in a shallow-water field under the combined effect of soil, waves, current, and wind. The displacement response equation of the conductor pipe was solved numerically from which other responses were obtained. Various influencing factors such as internal fluid, top weight, and wall thickness are analyzed for the conductor pipe. Modal analysis carried out shows that the part of the conductor pipe in soil tends to vibrate for higher modes, thus threatening the stability of the conductor. Results show that significant displacement occurs for the conductor part in water, which indicates that the combination of waves and current on the conductor prevails over the top free-boundary condition effect. Analysis results also show that drilling mud of higher density in a conductor with applied top weight on it improves the stability of the conductor. The results have been validated using abaqus simulation.
Who Are We Excluding From Physical Activity Research? Examining the Potential for Exclusion Bias in Pedometer Data Processing
Authors: Smith Melody , Cavadino Alana , Narayanan Anantha 
Published: February 2025

Background: Pedometers are a useful measure of physical activity (PA) but whether systematic bias exists when using differing inclusion criterion for pedometer-derived PA data is unknown. We undertake an exploration of previously published criteria for pedometer data cleaning and examine the impact of different inclusion criteria on sample size retention and participant exclusion by key sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Data were drawn from a community survey in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Sociodemographic information and self-reported PA were collected via face-to-face surveys; participants were asked to wear a Yamax CW300 pedometer for 7 days. Analyses involved removing extreme outliers and determining minimum steps per day for inclusion, determining whether day 1 removal was required, examining risk of bias using different inclusion criteria, and examining convergent and concurrent validity of criteria with the lowest bias potential. Results: Pedometer data were available for 895 participants. A threshold of 100 steps/day was deemed appropriate to define a valid day. All days were correlated with each other; intraclass correlation coefficients were low and did not change meaningfully with removal of the first day of data. Participant retention reduced, and bias in participant inclusion increased, with increasing stringency of data inclusion criterion applied. Evidence for convergent and concurrent validity in the 2 models with the lowest risk of exclusion bias was demonstrated. Conclusion: Increasing stringency in pedometer data inclusion criteria can result in significant and biased loss of sample size. Clear reporting of data cleaning methods and rationale (including consideration of potential for bias) is needed in pedometer-based PA research.
mSphere of Influence: Lighting up organellar communication in protozoan parasites
Authors: Huet Diego 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Diego Huet works in molecular parasitology, focusing on the organellar biology of
Toxoplasma gondii
. In this mSphere of Influence article, he reflects on how the article “Efficient proximity labeling in living cells and organisms with turboID” (Branon et al., 2018) impacted his research and the strategies used to dissect inter-organellar interactions in
T. gondii
.
SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in lions, tigers, and hyenas at Denver Zoo
Authors: Gallichotte Emily N. , Bashor Laura , Erbeck Katelyn , Croft Lara , Stache Katelyn , Long Jessica , VandeWoude Sue , Johnson James C. , Pabilonia Kristy L. , Ebel Gregory D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

In late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 spilled over from an animal host into humans, where it efficiently spread, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. Through both natural and experimental infections, we learned that many animal species are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, animals in close proximity to humans, including companion, farmed, and those at zoos and aquariums, became infected, and many studies demonstrated transmission to/from humans in these settings. In this study, we first review the literature of SARS-CoV-2 infections in tigers and lions and compare species, sex, age, virus and antibody detection assay, and types, frequency, and length of clinical signs, demonstrating broad heterogeneity among infections. We then describe a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in lions, tigers, and hyenas at Denver Zoo in late 2021. Animals were tested for viral RNA (vRNA) for 4 months. Lions had significantly more vRNA in nasal swabs than both tigers and hyenas, and many individual lions experienced viral recrudescence after weeks of undetectable vRNA. Infectious virus was correlated with high levels of vRNA and was more likely to be detected earlier during infection. Four months post-infection, all tested animals generated robust neutralizing antibody titers. Animals were infected with Delta lineage AY.20 identical to a variant circulating at less than 1% in Colorado humans at that time, suggesting a single spillover event from an infected human spread within and between species housed at the zoo. Better understanding of epidemiology and susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals is critical to limit the current and future spread and protect animal and human health.

IMPORTANCE
Surveillance and experimental testing have shown many animal species, including companion, wildlife, and conservatory, are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, big cats at zoological institutions were among the first documented cases of naturally infected animals; however, challenges in the ability to collect longitudinal samples in zoo animals have limited our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 kinetics and clearance in these settings. We measured SARS-CoV-2 infections over 4 months in lions, tigers, and hyenas at Denver Zoo and detected viral RNA, infectious virus, neutralizing antibodies, and recrudescence after initial clearance. We found lions had longer and higher levels of virus compared to the other species. All animals were infected by a rare viral lineage circulating in the human population, suggesting a single spillover followed by interspecies transmission. These data are important in better understanding natural SARS-CoV-2 spillover, spread, and infection kinetics within multiple species of zoo animals.