bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Green Card Clinic: Overview of a Brief Patient-Centred Intervention Following Deliberate Self-Harm
Authors: Wilhelm Kay , Finch Adam , Kotze Beth , Arnold Karen , McDonald Geoff , Sternhell Peter , Hudson Beaver 
Published: March 2007

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present an overview of the Green Card Clinic, a novel brief intervention service for patients presenting to the emergency department following deliberate self-harm (DSH) or with suicidal ideation, to examine its effectiveness in terms of service utilization, and patient and clinician feedback, and to explore the correlates of repeated DSH. Method: The aims and structure of the Green Card Clinic are described. We highlight our patient-centred approach involving self-identification of difficulties from a list of problem areas, coupled with tailored intervention strategies. Relevant data are presented and characteristics of repeat DSH patients are compared to the first-episode group. Results: Between 1998 and 2005, 456 DSH patients were referred to the clinic. Of these, 75% (n = 344) attended the first session, 43% (n = 197) the second session, 26% (n = 117) the third session, and 16% (n = 73) completed a 3–15 month follow-up. Clinic attenders (mean age 31.6 years, 57% female) reported a diverse range of self-identified problems and repeat DSH patients reported worse depression, poorer health-related behaviours, and a greater number of problems than those presenting after first-episode DSH. Conclusions: The clinic achieved high rates of first session attendance. This may have been attributable to the use of a few specific strategies aimed at increasing compliance, such as the green card, next-day appointments and assertive follow-up of non-attenders. For repeat self-harmers, we advocate an approach aimed at ‘lifestyle change’ rather than based on current psychological stressors. The Green Card Clinic service, involving a range of interventions tailored to meet the multitude of presenting needs, appears to be an acceptable and flexible approach to brief intervention for DSH.
Hallucinations in Adolescents With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychotic Disorder
Authors: Scott James Graham , Nurcombe Barry , Sheridan Judith , McFarland Margaret 
Published: March 2007

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the phenomenology of hallucinations in hospitalized adolescents diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychotic disorder. Methods: Diagnoses were ascertained in 66 adolescents consecutively admitted to an acute adolescent unit in Australia. Hallucinations were examined to compare their phenomenology in PTSD with psychotic disorder. Results: On most measures, hallucinations did not differ significantly in form or content between those adolescents with PTSD and those with psychotic disorder. In a minority of patients with PTSD, the hallucinations reflected a previous traumatic experience. Conclusions: Hallucinations were found to be unreliable in distinguishing adolescent inpatients with PTSD from those with psychotic disorder.
A Possible Behavioural and Cognitive Phenotype for the 47,XYY Karyotype in a Pre-Pubertal Child
Authors: Davey Chris , Vance Alasdair 
Published: March 2007

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the case of a 9-year-old boy with 47,XYY genotype and possible behavioural phenotype involving ‘internalizing’ and ‘externalizing’ symptoms and cognitive phenotype of deficient spatial memory. Conclusions: Longitudinal study of 47,XYY cases recognized prenatally are needed to confirm the preliminary findings described in this report.
Bipolar Disorder: From Psychoeducational to Existential Group Therapy
Authors: Goldner-Vukov Mila , Moore Laurie-Jo , Cupina Denise 
Published: March 2007

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the importance of addressing psychoeducational and existential issues in group therapy for patients with bipolar disorder. Method: The group consisted of 10 bipolar patients. Group sessions were held for 2 hours weekly for 3 months and then monthly up to 2 years. Group topics focused on psychoeducation, cognition and existential issues. Results: Over 2 years, two members had a minor relapse that did not require hospitalization. Adherence with pharmacotherapy and follow up was 100%. All members reported significant improvements in family and social function and nine members remained employed in full-time jobs. There was a high level of satisfaction with the group process. Conclusion: Addressing existential and psychosocial issues in bipolar disorder group therapy may improve outcome. This approach deserves further thorough investigation.
The Top End Mental Health Services General Practice Clinic: An Initiative for Patients with Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Symonds Diana , Parker Robert 
Published: March 2007

Objective: The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of the benefits of establishing a general practice clinic within a community mental health service. The clinic was established via collaboration between the Division of General Practice and the Mental Health Service. Methods: Data collected over 19 months during the operation of the General Practice Clinic were compared to national benchmarks for similar general practice data. Results: The clinic was able to offer much longer appointments than would normally be available in most general practices. This allowed for comprehensive screening of serious illness as well as health promotion activities. Conclusions: The General Practice Clinic was able to address the significant health needs for patients with serious mental illness in a manner that was ahead of national benchmarks for this patient group. Barriers to care in the patient group, such as stigma and non-attendance, were overcome by coordination between the general practitioners staffing the clinic and their collaboration with the case managers and reception staff of the service.
A Tale of Two Cities: A Neuroimaging Investigation of Melbourne–Sydney Rivalry Comparing Cortical Thickness in Healthy Adults
Authors: Velakoulis Dennis , Fornito Alex , Walterfang Mark , Malhi Gin , Yucel Murat , Pantelis Christos 
Published: March 2007

Objective: We sought to identify neurobiological correlates of Melbourne–Sydney rivalry through neuroimaging measures of a key brain region involved in cognitive and emotional regulation. Method: Twenty subjects from each city were recruited from two large neuroimaging databases, and were scanned on a GE Signa 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Cortical thickness of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was measured using a tessellated mesh method, after image segmentation. These measures were compared with key sporting, financial and academic variables. Results: Residents of Melbourne had a significantly thicker ACC (p < 0.0001) than Sydney residents, and this difference remained significant when age and intracranial volume were controlled for (p = 0.001). This difference mirrored that in variables measuring wealth, sporting and academic success. Conclusions: The thinner ACC seen in Sydney-siders may reflect the effects of increased stress due to elevated property prices, relative lack of sporting success and other variables. An alternative explanation is that a thinner ACC is the result of increasing cortical refinement and efficiency, and a marker of a more mature city. However, if these findings are a result of latitudinal effects, this may have significant implications for residents of more northern regions of the Australian continent.
A Recovery-Based Outreach Program in Rural Victoria
Authors: Prabhu Radha , Oakley Browne Mark 
Published: March 2007

Objective: A recovery-based outreach program for people with severe mental illness in regional Victoria is described. The paper covers a description of the program, the services provided and outcomes achieved. The program emphasized active collaboration between patients and clinicians as outlined in the collaborative recovery model and recognized that recovery from mental illness is an individual, personal process. Conclusions: The program provided service to 108 people over 3 years and had a positive impact on clinicians, patients and carers. The benefits of recovery orientation, multidisciplinary teams, collaborative relationships and carer involvement are discussed. The paper highlights the need for a focus on recovery and comprehensive care for people with severe mental illness.
Aboriginal Child and Adolescent Mental Health: A Rural Worker Training Model
Authors: Bartik Warren , Dixon Angela , Dart Katrina 
Published: March 2007

Objective: The Third National Mental Health Plan places a strong emphasis on the development of an Aboriginal mental health workforce. This paper documents the establishment, implementation and initial evaluation of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Child and Adolescent Mental Health Traineeship Program, a partnership initiative involving Hunter New England Area Health Service (HNEAHS), Hunter New England Aboriginal Mental Health (HNEAMH) and the Department of Psychological Medicine at the Children's Hospital at Westmead (CHW), with guidance and input from additional collaborators. Conclusions: The program includes: (i) employment as a child and adolescent mental health worker and professional support and supervision through HNEAHS; (ii) a mentoring program provided through HNEAMH; (iii) formal academic studies in Aboriginal Mental Health; and (iv) a clinical education and supervision program conducted through the Department of Psychological Medicine, CHW. Initial feedback suggests that this is a promising program to train Aboriginal child and adolescent mental health workers. Further evaluation will provide information about its viability and effectiveness in providing an integrated, collaborative child and adolescent mental health service for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and their families.
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis: Marijuana Puts Patients in Hot Water
Authors: Wallace Duncan , Martin Ana-Louise , Park Bianca 
Published: March 2007

Objective: This paper describes a case of cannabinoid hyperemesis, a curious, emerging condition associated with long-term cannabis abuse. The authors wish to facilitate its recognition and management by clinicians. Conclusions: Cannabinoid hyperemesis is a cluster of symptoms characterized by chronic cannabis abuse, cyclical vomiting and compulsive bathing behaviours. The condition can be missed unless an adequate history is taken of illicit drug ingestion. It can be confused with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The treatment consists of supportive measures in the acute phase, followed by complete abstinence from cannabis.
Physiology and Pathobiology of the Pericyte‐Containing Retinal Microvasculature: New Developments
Authors: PURO DONALD G. 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACTEvidence is accumulating that pericyte‐containing microvessels, which constitute the largest component of the circulatory system, actively regulate capillary perfusion. Because the retinal vasculature is highly specialized for the local control of blood flow, experimental study of its microvessels is proving useful in the quest to elucidate the mechanisms by which local perfusion is regulated. The microcirculation of the retina is also a focus of considerable attention due to its vulnerability to diabetes, which is a leading cause of vision loss. Based on the premise that the transmembrane movement of ions plays a critical role in regulating the function of pericytes, investigators are using the patch‐clamp technique to study these contractile mural cells. This review highlights recent progress made in understanding how ion channels and transporters mediate responses of the retinal microvasculature to vasoactive signals.
Blood Flow in Snake Infrared Organs: Response‐Induced Changes in Individual Vessels
Authors: GORIS RICHARD C. , ATOBE YOSHITOSHI , NAKANO MASATO , FUNAKOSHI KENGO , TERADA KOKI 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACTObjective: In the past the microkinetics of blood flow in the infrared pit organs of pit vipers has been studied with Doppler flowmetry using various infrared stimuli such as a human hand or soldering iron at various distances, lasers of various wavelengths, etc. Quick‐acting variations in blood flow were recorded, and interpreted as a cooling mechanism for avoiding afterimage in the infrared receptors. However, the Doppler measurements provided only the summation of blood flow in a number of vessels covered by the sensing probe, but did not give data on flow in individual vessels.Methods: In the present work the authors introduced into the bloodstream of Gloydius and Trimeresurus pit vipers fluorescent microspheres labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) contained in a solution of FITC‐dextran in physiological saline. They observed the passage of the microspheres through individual pit organ vessels with a fluorescent microscope to which was attached a high‐speed video camera and image intensifier. Output of the camera was recorded before, during, and after stimulus with a 810‐nm diode laser. Recording was done at 250 frames/s on high‐speed video apparatus and downloaded to a hard disk. Disk files were loaded into proprietary software and particles were tracked and average velocities calculated. The data were then tested for significance by ANOVA with post hoc tests.Results: A significant (p < .05) increase in blood velocity was found at the focal point of the stimulus laser, but not anywhere removed from this point. Proximal severing of the pit sensory nerves caused degeneration of the pit receptor terminals and abolished stimulus‐induced blood flow changes, but did not affect normal blood flow.Conclusions: The authors conclude that the receptors themselves are directly and locally controlling the smooth muscle elements of the blood vessels, in response to heating of the receptors by infrared radiation. They speculate that the heavy vascularization constitutes a cooling system for the radiation‐encoding receptors, and further that the agent of control may be a volatile neuromediator such as nitric oxide.
Excessive Erythrocytosis Does Not Elevate Capillary Oxygen Delivery in Subcutaneous Mouse Tissue
Authors: FRIETSCH THOMAS , GASSMANN MAX , GROTH GESINE , Waschke KLAUS F. , VOGEL JOHANNES , CABRALES PEDRO , VAJKOCZI PETER , DORN‐BEINEKE ALEXANDRA , INTAGLIETTA MARCOS , KERGER HEINZ 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACTObjective: Acclimatization to reduced environmental oxygen includes erythropoietin‐regulated increase in erythrocytes enhancing the blood's oxygen content. However, increased hematocrit levels result in elevated blood viscosity that might impair microcirculation and tissue oxygenation. To assess this oxygen supply to the skin, the authors used erythropoietin overexpressing transgenic mice (tg6) that develop excessive erythrocytosis in an oxygen‐independent manner. These animals have been previously reported to elevate their blood viscosity 4‐fold.Methods: The partial oxygen pressure (pO2) distribution was evaluated in microvessels as well as in subcutaneous interstitial tissue within a dorsal skinfold chamber of resting conscious mice using automated phosphorescence quenching.Results: Compared to wildtype (wt) animals, transgenic blood viscosity increased 4‐fold but microvessel diameter was not altered. Despite sharing similar blood pO2 as the wt siblings, tg6 animals nearly doubled their oxygen content. Moreover, tg6 erythrocytes reduced hemoglobin's oxygen affinity by decreased 2,3‐DPG levels and an increased Hill number. Transgenic arterioles and venules showed increased pO2 compared to wt controls whereas capillary and tissue pO2 were not altered.Conclusions: Excessive erythrocytosis does not elevate capillary oxygen delivery.
Exogenous Wild‐Type p53 Gene Improved Survival of Nude Mice Injected with Murine Erythroleukemia Cell Line Through Amelioration of Hemorheological Changes
Authors: ZHANG YINGYU , YAO WEIJUAN , ZENG ZHU , WANG XIANWEI , SUN DAGONG , KA WEIBO , ZHOU SHUPEI , HE DONGQI , WEN ZONGYAO , CHIEN SHU 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACTObjectives: Previous investigations have shown that human wild‐type p53 gene (WTp53) inhibits the growth of leukemia and tumor cells in vitro. In the present study, the authors used nude mice and examined the therapeutic role of p53 gene for erythroleukemia in vivo in the absence of MHC effects.Methods: The nude mice were injected with murine erythroleukemia cells (MEL), MEL cells transfected with wild‐type p53 gene (MEL‐W), and MEL cells transfected with mutated p53 gene (MEL‐M). Abnormalities were found in the hemorheological and biophysical properties of red blood cells in all 3 groups of animals, but the abnormalities were lesser in degree and later in appearance in MEL‐W group than in MEL and MEL‐M groups. Furthermore, the nude mice in MEL‐W group lived longer than those in MEL and MEL‐M groups.Results: The results showed that WTp53 restrained the growth of erythroleukemia cells in vivo and reduced the erythroleukemia tumorigenesis in the microcirculation by improving the hemorheological and biophysical properties of MEL cells, which helped to prolong the life span of nude mice suffering from erythroleukemia.Conclusion: These results contribute to our knowledge on the use of wild‐type p53 gene for the treatment of erythroleukemia disease.
Development of phonological representations and phonological awareness in children with speech impairment
Authors: Sutherland Dean , Gillon Gail T. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBackground: Children with speech impairment are more likely to have difficulty learning to read compared with children with typical speech development. Researchers have hypothesized that a difficulty in accessing good‐quality phonological representations of words stored in the memory may constrain these children's performance on phonological awareness tasks and subsequent early reading acquisition.Aims: The study investigated the following research questions. (1) Do preschool children with moderate or severe speech impairment show persistent difficulty on tasks designed to tap underlying phonological representations? (2) What is the relationship between performance on phonological representation tasks and measures of speech production, phonological awareness and early print decoding?Methods & Procedures: Utilizing a longitudinal design, the performance of nine children (aged 3;09–5;03 years at initial assessment) with moderate or severe speech impairment and of 17 children of the same age with typical speech development were assessed on three occasions over a 12‐month period. Assessments included receptive‐based tasks designed to tap underlying phonological representations, speech production and phonological awareness measures.Outcomes & Results: Children with speech impairment had greater difficulty judging correct and incorrect productions of words, and had difficulty in reflecting on the accuracy of newly learned non‐words. Moderate correlations were observed between performance on phonological representation and phonological awareness tasks.Conclusions: Poorly specified underlying phonological representations will result in difficulties during listening, speaking and phonological awareness tasks, as well as create additional challenges during the decoding of written words for some children.
NEW MORAL ECONOMIES OF WELFARE: THE CASE OF DOMICILIARY ELDER CARE IN GERMANY, FRANCE AND BRITAIN
Authors: Bode Ingo 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT
Currently, deregulation of social welfare provision is underway throughout Western Europe. The major tendency is for disorganisation, together with the emergence of welfare markets. This is also changing the way elderly people are provided with personal and socio-medical services. Focusing on domiciliary eldercare, the paper explores if this is accompanied by a change in what Kohli has termed the moral economy of old age welfare. Departing from a general reflection on the organisation of social services in modern welfare capitalism the paper sketches evolutions in the eldercare system of three major European countries, with a special focus on the role of civic rationales and professional norms in the organisational field under consideration. It is argued that the moral economy of eldercare has become fluid, thus implying a broader transformation in the societal treatment of old age.
RELATIVE TO WHAT?: CROSS-NATIONAL PICTURE OF EUROPEAN POVERTY MEASURED BY REGIONAL, NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Authors: Kangas Olli E. , Ritakallio Veli-Matti 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT
In this paper three methods of relativizations are used: (1) we apply the conventional poverty approach: the poor are those whose income remains below 60 percent of the national equivalent disposable income, (2) we collapse nations together into one data pool and calculate a poverty line for the EU, and (3) we decompose nation states into smaller units representing the poorest and richest areas. Within-nation differences seem to be more pronounced than differences between nations. In the Nordic countries incomes between regions as well as between individuals are more evenly distributed and, consequently, the national means are more representative for the whole countries. Moreover, the Nordic cluster, together with central Europe, is robust against the method of comparison. The method affects the Mediterranean countries. The use of the European poverty line leads to poverty rates two to three times higher than analyses based on national data. The regional variation in these countries is the widest. For this reason, conclusions based on national means may be misleading and national means obscure more than they reveal. In societies with large socio-economic and regional variation in income, and consequently in consumption capacities, purchasing power parities implicitly assuming homogeneous consumption patterns over society may give a distorted picture of the price levels in the country in question.
THE NORWEGIAN FIELD OF POWER ANNO 2000
Authors: Hjellbrekke Johs. , Le Roux Brigitte , Korsnes Olav , Lebaron Frédéric , Rosenlund Lennart , Rouanet Henry 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT
This article, in the line of Bourdieu (1989), belongs to the research domain about elites and the field of power. Using data from the Norwegian Power & Democracy survey on elites, conducted in 2000, it specifically seeks to uncover the main dimensions and fractions in the Norwegian field of power. Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) has been used to address this issue. The three main findings are these: firstly, our results show that the three most important principal dimensions in the field are an economic capital axis, then an educational and social capital axis, and then an axis separating the judicial positions from positions in culture, organizations and politics. Secondly, the political positions are the most accessible. Thirdly, the public judicial group is the most homogeneous.
SOLIDARITY WITHIN EUROPE/SOLIDARITY WITHOUT EUROPE
Authors: Karagiannis Nathalie 
Published: March 2007

ABSTRACT
Both in EU policy discourse and in theoretical interventions on Europe, a dilemma was constructed, which has remained implicit. The dilemma in question concerns on the one hand, European solidarity, that is, solidarity within Europe and, on the other hand, solidarity of Europe with ‘the rest of the world’. It is posed in the usual either/or form: either Europe creates and strengthens its social solidarity (its society) or it creates and strengthens its human solidarity (or solidarity in the name of humanity or humanity); it cannot do both. The dilemma is the wrong way of putting the issue, since it is not only based on an asymmetry between the specificity of ‘social’ Europe and the indeterminacy of ‘the rest of the world’ but it also separates Europe's colonial history from the relevant present. The two solidarities need to be brought back together, both for conceptual and for pragmatic reasons.