bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of the intensity distribution of optical rogue waves
Authors: Rácz Éva , Spasibko Kirill , Manceau Mathieu , Ruppert László , Chekhova Maria V. , Filip Radim 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe field of optical rogue waves is a rapidly expanding topic with a focus on explaining their emergence. To complement this research, instead of providing a microscopic model that generates extreme events, we concentrate on a general quantitative description of the observed behavior. We explore two complementary top-down approaches to estimating the exponent describing the power-law decaying distribution of optical rogue waves observed in supercontinuum generated in a single-mode fiber in the normal-dispersion regime by applying a highly fluctuating pump. The two distinct approaches provide consistent results, outperforming the standard Hill estimator. Further analysis of the distributions reveals the breakdown of power-law behavior due to pump depletion and detector saturation. Either of our methods is adaptable to analyze extreme-intensity events from arbitrary experimental data.
Tree growth and survival are more sensitive to high rainfall than drought in an aseasonal forest in Malaysia
Authors: O’Brien Michael J. , Hector Andy , Ong Robert , Philipson Christopher D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGlobal change research has largely focused on the effects of drought on forest dynamics while the importance of excessive rainfall that can cause waterlogged soils has largely been assessed in riparian zones or seasonally flooded sites. However, increased rainfall may also cause decreased growth and survival of tree species in lowland aseasonal tropical forests due to increased risk from potentially more extensive and frequent waterlogged soils. We used a Bayesian modelling approach on a tree dynamics dataset from 2004 to 2017 to test the concomitant effects of rainfall excess and deficit and dry period length on tree growth and survival across a network of experimentally planted trees in a primary aseasonal forest in Malaysia. Growth declined in 48% of the species and survival decreased in 92% of the species during periods of high rainfall while as little as 4% of species had decreased growth or survival with drought and long dry periods. Climate change is projected to cause more frequent and severe rainfall deficit and excess, and our results suggest increased rainfall may have stronger negative effects on aseasonal tropical forests than that of severe drought.
Limited oxygen in standard cell culture alters metabolism and function of differentiated cells
Authors: Tan Joycelyn , Virtue Sam , Norris Dougall M , Conway Olivia J , Yang Ming , Bidault Guillaume , Gribben Christopher , Lugtu Fatima , Kamzolas Ioannis , Krycer James R , Mills Richard J , Liang Lu , Pereira Conceição , Dale Martin , Shun-Shion Amber S , Baird Harry JM , Horscroft James A , Sowton Alice P , Ma Marcella , Carobbio Stefania , Petsalaki Evangelia , Murray Andrew J , Gershlick David C , Nathan James A , Hudson James E , Vallier Ludovic , Fisher-Wellman Kelsey H , Frezza Christian , Vidal-Puig Antonio , Fazakerley Daniel J 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe in vitro oxygen microenvironment profoundly affects the capacity of cell cultures to model physiological and pathophysiological states. Cell culture is often considered to be hyperoxic, but pericellular oxygen levels, which are affected by oxygen diffusivity and consumption, are rarely reported. Here, we provide evidence that several cell types in culture actually experience local hypoxia, with important implications for cell metabolism and function. We focused initially on adipocytes, as adipose tissue hypoxia is frequently observed in obesity and precedes diminished adipocyte function. Under standard conditions, cultured adipocytes are highly glycolytic and exhibit a transcriptional profile indicative of physiological hypoxia. Increasing pericellular oxygen diverted glucose flux toward mitochondria, lowered HIF1α activity, and resulted in widespread transcriptional rewiring. Functionally, adipocytes increased adipokine secretion and sensitivity to insulin and lipolytic stimuli, recapitulating a healthier adipocyte model. The functional benefits of increasing pericellular oxygen were also observed in macrophages, hPSC-derived hepatocytes and cardiac organoids. Our findings demonstrate that oxygen is limiting in many terminally-differentiated cell types, and that considering pericellular oxygen improves the quality, reproducibility and translatability of culture models.
Perioperative Considerations in Patients with Vein of Galen Malformation Undergoing Embolization–A Single-Institution Case Series
Authors: Patel Shivani , Diaz-Rodriguez Natalia , Steppan Jochen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractVein of Galen malformation (VOGM) is a congenital, intracranial vascular malformation, with an extracardiac shunt. Neonates can present with high output cardiac failure, pulmonary hypertension, or multiorgan failure and are at high risk of perioperative complications, especially in remote locations. We conducted a retrospective single-center analysis of the perioperative management of patients with VOGM presenting for embolization. Patients were identified by querying both the hospital billing dataset using International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis or billing code and the Neuro-interventional Radiology Database, from January 2011 to March 2020. As many as 14 patients were identified, 12 of which underwent definitive treatment. Six patients who underwent embolization in the neonatal period had pulmonary hypertension. Those children required varying degrees of hemodynamic and respiratory support preoperatively and experienced significant intraoperative events, including one intraoperative cardiac arrest. Caring for these critically ill patients in a remote location requires proper planning to prevent adverse outcomes.
Masculine enjoyment problematizing subjectification through norm critique as a response to climate change
Authors: Olsson Josefin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article problematizes subjectification through the practice of norm critique. The study builds on interviews with some of the key initiators and participants in a project working norm critically with men and masculinity in relation to gender equality and climate change in Sweden. Through the psychoanalytical framework of enjoyment and fantasy, I develop a perspective on how and why a certain understanding of the norm-critical subject emerges. The analysis makes visible how the practice of norm critique, while challenging hegemonic masculine norms such as emotional stoicism, reinforces neoliberal ideals of individualized self-emancipation and the quest for authenticity and wholeness, which risks de-politicizing the issue of climate change.
Assessment of the influence of flushing on the wear and morphological properties of the tool during electrical discharge machining
Authors: Das Shirsendu , Paul Rajdeep , Bhowmik Abhijit , Giri Jayant , Albaijan Ibrahim , Prakash Chander 
Published: April 2024

The present study is an integrated approach of experimental and simulation processes to investigate the influences of the flushing on the wear, textural feature, heat dissipation, tool-tip temperature, and elemental contents of the electrical discharge machining-tool. The general heat transfer equation in cylindrical coordinates is used to explain the thermal phenomenon through the tool, where the boundary conditions are influenced by convective interactions and dimensionless numbers. The inter-electrode flushing is considered a micro-channel flow, and the used model is conceptualized from “Hazen–Poiseuille observation.” It is observed that the adopted model has a prediction error of 8.503% and can accurately explain the thermal consequences of the process. The study reveals that tool wear is influenced by flushing velocity and flushing pressure. The tool-tip temperature reduces with the Reynolds number, and effectual expelling of the debris can be ensued with a flushing of a higher Reynolds number (Re). However, the increment of Re beyond 4500 provides rapid heat dissipation, which produces extensive residual stress and creates cracks on the surface.
The far infrared absorption spectrum of D216O, D217O, and D218O: Experimental line positions, empirical energy levels and recommended line lists
Authors: Mikhailenko S. N. , Karlovets E. V. , Koroleva A. O. , Campargue A. 
Published: April 2024

The far infrared absorption spectra of D216O, D217O, and D218O are analyzed with improved accuracy and sensitivity in the 50–720 cm−1 range corresponding to the rotational band. Four room-temperature absorption spectra of highly deuterated water vapor were recorded at the SOLEIL synchrotron by high-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy. Line centers are reported with a typical accuracy of 5 × 10−5 cm−1 for well isolated lines. The combined line list of about 9700 water lines was assigned to about 10 400 transitions of the nine stable water isotopologues (H2XO, HDXO, D2XO, with X = 16, 17, and 18). A total of 2885 transitions of eight bands involving the first five vibrational states were assigned to D216O. Among them, 2057 are newly reported. The obtained set of transition frequencies was merged with literature data to generate a new set of empirical energy levels for the first five vibrational states of D216O. A total of 1089 transitions of the (000)–(000) and (010)–(010) bands were measured for D217O. They were merged with literature sources to derive 724 empirical term values of seven vibrational states, up to 8088 cm−1. 348 D217O levels are newly determined. A set of 1150 transitions belonging to the (000)–(000) and (010)–(010) bands was measured for D218O. 3451 empirical energies of rotation–vibration levels up to 9222 cm−1 were retrieved using our observations and literature sources. The extension and accuracy of the derived empirical energy levels allow us to recommend new line lists with empirically corrected line positions for D216O, D217O, and D218O.
Artificial tactile system for pressure monitoring in extracorporeal circulation processes
Authors: Ji Zhenhua , Yang Shang , Shi Guoning , Wu Ting 
Published: April 2024

Current intraoperative pressure monitoring methods still face significant limitations in perception and feedback, struggling to strike a balance between precision and wearable flexibility. Inspired by biological skin, we propose a biomimetic tactile sensing system for pressure monitoring during extracorporeal circulation, comprising flexible pressure sensors and artificial synaptic transistors. Aimed at addressing the aforementioned issues, our system employs a pyramid-shaped elastic design for flexible pressure sensors, utilizing biocompatible materials polydimethylsiloxane and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the strain-sensitive layer. This configuration boasts ultra-high sensitivity and resolution (115 kPa−1), accurately detecting subtle pressure changes, such as blood circulation wall pressures. With artificial synaptic transistors as the information processing core, our system successfully simulates crucial neural processing functions, including excitatory post-synaptic currents and double-pulse facilitation, while providing alerts for abnormal blood pressure signals. This system facilitates real-time data processing at the device edge, reducing power consumption, improving efficiency, and better addressing the demands of large-scale physiological pressure data processing. It presents a significant reference for future developments in biomedical electronics and bionics.
How do I love thee? The five love attitudes people hold toward their pets
Authors: Guthrie Michelle F. , Marshall Philip H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Relationship processes in the human-pet relationship parallel those in the human romantic relationship. In this study, we sought to determine whether the six human romantic love styles – Eros (ideal), Storge (friendship), Ludus (game-playing), Pragma (practical), Mania (obsessive, dependent) and Agape (selfless), represented the human-pet relationship. We wrote 44 pet-human love style items, derived from the Love Attitudes Scale (Hendrick and Hendrick,
1986
). Participants (
N
= 254) completed these 44 pet love style items, along with measures of romantic love styles, general pet attitudes, and pet and romantic relationship satisfaction. We reduced the 44 items to the following five factors: Eros/Storge, Ludus, Pragma, Mania, and Agape. The pet love attitudes were modestly correlated with human romantic love attitudes suggesting people endorse different love attitudes in different relationships. Multiple regression results showed that Eros/Storge and Agape were positively correlated with pet relationship satisfaction, while Mania was negatively correlated. Eros/Storge was the strongest predictor of relationship satisfaction (
β
= 0.68). This is the first study to show that love attitudes apply to human-pet relationships and that certain love attitudes predict a happy relationship with one’s pet.
Long infrared detector based on Se-hyperdoped black silicon
Authors: Tansel T , Aydin O 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Infrared (IR) detectors play crucial roles in various applications. A significant milestone in advancing the next-generation low-cost silicon technology is the enhancement of hyperdoped black silicon (b-Si) photodetectors, particularly within the IR wavelength range. In this study, highly selenium (Se)-doped b-Si photodetectors. Through the optimization of laser parameters and the application of SiO2 passivation, significant enhancements were achieved in responsivity (R), external quantum efficiency, and specific detectivity (D*) within the long-wave IR range, culminating in a D* of 1.3 × 1012 Jones at 9.5 μm. Additionally, the Se: b-Si photodetectors maintain a D* of approximately 1.3 × 1011 Jones at critical optical telecommunications wavelengths of 1.3 μm and 1.5 μm. These results significantly contribute to the advancement of IR photodetector technology and provide a foundation for the development of highly efficient, low-cost, and broadband IR detectors for Si photonic applications.
Enhanced oxygen reduction activity of α-MnO2 by NH3 plasma treatment
Authors: Li Bing , Liu Xiang , Liu Yuling , Xu Tianjian , He Zhanglong , Liu Shan , Xie Jianan , Chen Yilong , Ning Xiaohui , He Hao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Oxygen vacancies and heteroatom doping play important role in oxygen reduction activity of metal oxides. Developing efficient modification method is one of the key issues in catalysts research. Room temperature plasma treatment, with the advantages of mild working conditions, no emissions and high efficiency, is a new catalyst modification method developed in recent years. In this work, hydrothermal synthesized α-MnO2 nanorods are treated in NH3 plasma at room temperature. In the reducing atmosphere, oxygen vacancies and N doping are achieved simultaneously on the surface. The NH3 plasma etched MnO2 demonstrate a significant enhanced oxygen reduction activity with half-wave potential of 0.84 V, limiting current density of 6.32 mA cm−2 and transferred electrons number of 3.9. The Mg–air battery with N-MnO2 display a maximum power density of 76.3 mW cm−2 as well as stable discharge performance. This work provides new ideas for preparing efficient and cost-effective method to boost the catalysts activity.
3D medical image encryption algorithm using biometric key and cubic S-box
Authors: Liu Yunhao , Xue Ru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Considering the scarcity of research on 3D medical image encryption, this paper proposes a novel 3D medical image encryption scheme based on biometric key and cubic S-box. To enhance the data security, biometric keys are utilized to overcome the limitations of traditional methods where secret keys with no practical meaning, fixed length, and finite key space, while cubic S-box is constructed to increase the nonlinearity of image cryptosystem. The proposed cryptosystem mainly consists of four phases: pseudo-random sequence generation, confusion, substitution, and diffusion. Firstly, the stepwise iterative algorithm based on coupled chaotic systems is utilized for generating pseudo-random sequences for confusion and diffusion. Secondly, the confusion algorithm based on multiple sorting can scramble pixel positions in 3D images. Thirdly, guided by the designed cubic S-box, pixel substitution is executed sequentially. Lastly, the diffusion algorithm based on ECA and finite field multiplication is capable of increasing the plaintext sensitivity of cryptosystem by concealing the statistical characteristics of plaintext. Simulation experiments performed on multiple 3D medical images demonstrate that the proposed encryption scheme exhibits favorable statistical performance, sufficiently large key space, strong system sensitivity and robustness, and can resist various typical cryptographic attacks.
Wave solutions in (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized fractional mKdV-ZK equation utilizing jacobi elliptic functions
Authors: Elsadany A A , Alshammari Fahad Sameer , Elboree Mohammed K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this research, we investigate the effects of fractional order on the (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized space-time fractional modified KdV-Zakharov-Kuznetsov (mKdV-ZK) equation. We approach the problem by utilizing the conformable fractional derivative. By reducing the mKdV-ZK equation to an integer order nonlinear ordinary differential equation, we apply the Jacobi elliptic function method to find exact solutions. These solutions are specifically tailored for the fractional order of the (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized mKdV-ZK equation, encompassing solitary waves, shock waves, and periodic waves. We also compare these exact solutions with fractional solutions to gain further insights. Notably, our approach demonstrates the feasibility of solving nonlinear time-fractional differential equations with conformable derivatives. Several diagrams have been included to visually depict the behavior of the solutions under fractional order when certain special parameter values are employed.
The Landé g factors of highly charged Sn47+ and Bi80+ ions
Authors: Liu Ming , Li Bing-Bing , Wu Lei , Jiang Jun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The wavefunctions and eigenvalues of the ground states of Sn47+, and Bi80+ ions are calculated using the fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method. Detailed investigation are carried out to study the effects of electron correlation, Breit interaction, quantum electrodynamics (QED), and nuclear recoil. Based on these calculations, the theoretical predictions for the g factors of the ground states of Sn47+ and Bi80+ ions are 1.980429 and 1.934759, respectively. The accuracy of these calculations is expected to be on the order of 10−5.
Comparison of optical absorption and diffuse reflectance spectra techniques for determining the optical energy band gap of dried and calcined Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoferrite
Authors: Ismail M I M , Faramawy A M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ultrafine particles of Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 were synthesized by coprecipitation technique to study the effect of both physical forms (ferrofluid and powder) and thermal treatment (drying at 100 °C and calcination at 600 °C for two hours) on the structural properties of Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoferrite. In addition, the work presents a comparison between using optical absorption and optical diffuse reflectance spectra in studying the optical direct energy band gap. x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the phase, size, and morphology of dried and calcined Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of the synthesized ferrite and provided further information on the functional groups. The optical absorption spectra were used to evaluate the optical direct energy band gap of dried and calcined Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoferrite as a ferrofluid, whereas, the optical diffuse reflectance spectra were used to evaluate the optical direct energy band gap of dried and calcined Ni0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 nanoferrite in powder form.
Multiple Fano resonator based on photonic crystal waveguide coupled with two micro-cavities for biomedical sensing application
Authors: Harhouz Ahlam , Tayoub Hadjira , Hocini Abdesselam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In order to acquire a miniature refractive index (RI) biosensor with high sensitivity, fast and selective for ultra-low concentrations of molecules, a new Photonic Crystal (PhC) biosensor based on a waveguide coupled to a Fano resonator is proposed for cancer cells detection. An optimized structure of the biosensor can detect cells cancers (Besal, Hela, Jurkat and PC12) in a biological solution deposited on the surface of the resonator. The detection mechanism uses the refractive index as a detection element. The performance of the proposed biosensor is studied by analyzing the variations in the transmission spectrum of different normal and cancer cells. The proposed structure is multimode PhC, with silica as a dielectric material. The finite element method (FEM) have been implemented for studying and investigating the numerical values. The simulation results display that the proposed biosensor attains spectral sensitivities of ‘513.12 nm RIU−1’, ‘587.28 nm RIU−1 ’, ‘702.35 nm RIU−1 ’ and ‘690.57 nm RIU−1 ’ corresponding to Hela cells, PC12 cells, Basal cells and Jurkat cells, respectively. And he qualilty factor Q of the Fano resonance mode can reach 3040.26. Our optimized design ensures easy fabrication with ongoing techniques. This study may open a new way for the development of integrated optical circuits and biosensing.
Electrical properties of epoxy/graphite flakes microcomposite at the percolation threshold concentration
Authors: AlSoud Ammar , Daradkeh Samer I , Shaheen Adel A , Al-Hroub Qasim Amjad , Knápek Alexandr , Mousa Marwan S , Sobola Dinara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The electrical properties and activation energy of epoxy/graphite flakes (GFs) micro-composite with different content of GFs (0.0625–1 wt%) were studied for electrical properties using Novocontrol Alpha Analyser (10−2 Hz—107 Hz). GFs sizes ranged from (100 nm to 10 μm). The analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), visible spectrum reflectance spectra (VIS) spectra, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FTIR) spectroscopy. Increasing GFs content caused multiple changes in electrical characteristics. At 0.0625 wt%, all electrical properties noticeably increased. But at 0.125 to 0.25 wt%, immobilized nanolayers were formed leading to decreased permittivity, dielectric loss (tan(δ)), quality factor (Q-factor), capacitance, conductivity, and figure of merit (F-factor). At 0.25 wt%, the epoxy microcomposite had lower permittivity, tan(δ), conductivity, and capacitance compared with unfilled epoxy. With 0.5 wt% of GFs, signified the percolation threshold, initiating a rise in permittivity, conductivity, capacitance, and tan(δ), accompanied by the closer proximity of grain boundaries, facilitating the formation of conductive channels. At a concentration of 1 wt% of GFs, the establishment of continuous interfacial conductive pathways resulted in a remarkable augmentation of all dielectric properties. The Cole-Cole analysis has been employed to investigate variations in epoxy/GFs microcomposites based on concentration levels.