bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage: An International Cohort Study
Authors: Senff Jasper R. , Singh Sanjula D. , Pasi Marco , Jolink Wilmar M.T. , Rodrigues Mark A. , Schreuder Floris H.B.M. , Staals Julie , Schreuder Tobien , Douwes Jules P.J. , Talsma Jelmer , McKaig Brenna N. , Kourkoulis Christina , Yechoor Nirupama , Anderson Christopher D. , Puy Laurent , Cordonnier Charlotte , Wermer Marieke J.H. , Rothwell Peter M. , Rosand Jonathan , Klijn Catharina J.M. , Al-Shahi Salman Rustam , Rinkel Gabriël J.E. , Viswanathan Anand , Goldstein Joshua N. , Brouwers H. Bart 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the cerebellum has a poor short-term prognosis, whereas data on the long-term case fatality and recurrent vascular events are sparse. Herewith, we aimed to assess the long-term case fatality and recurrence rate of vascular events after a first cerebellar ICH.

METHODS:
In this international cohort study, we included patients from 10 hospitals (the United States and Europe from 1997 to 2017) aged ≥18 years with a first spontaneous cerebellar ICH who were discharged alive. Data on long-term case fatality and recurrence of vascular events (recurrent ICH [supratentoria or infratentorial], ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or major vascular surgery) were collected for survival analysis and absolute event rate calculation.

RESULTS:
We included 405 patients with cerebellar ICH (mean age [SD], 72 [13] years, 49% female). The median survival time was 67 months (interquartile range, 23–100 months), with a cumulative survival rate of 34% at 10-year follow-up (median follow-up time per center ranged: 15–80 months). In the 347 patients with data on vascular events 92 events occurred in 78 patients, after initial cerebellar ICH: 31 (8.9%) patients had a recurrent ICH (absolute event rate, 1.8 per 100 patient-years [95% CI, 1.2–2.6]), 39 (11%) had an ischemic stroke (absolute event rate, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.6–3.2]), 13 (3.7%) had a myocardial infarction (absolute event rate, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.4–1.3]), and 5 (1.4%) underwent major vascular surgery (absolute event rate, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.1–0.7]). The median time to a first vascular event during follow-up was 27 months (interquartile range, 8.7–50 months), with a cumulative hazard of 47% at 10 years.

CONCLUSIONS:
The long-term prognosis of patients who survive a first spontaneous cerebellar ICH is poor and comparable to that of patients who survive a first supratentorial ICH. Further identification of patients at high risk of vascular events following the initial cerebellar ICH is needed. Including patients with cerebellar ICH in randomized controlled trials on secondary prevention of patients with ICH is warranted.
Moving From CT to MRI Paradigm in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Feasibility, Effects on Stroke Diagnosis and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Rapillo Costanza Maria , Dunet Vincent , Pistocchi Silvia , Salerno Alexander , Darioli Vincent , Bartolini Bruno , Hajdu Steven David , Michel Patrik , Strambo Davide 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:
The relative value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is debated. In May 2018, our center transitioned from using CT to MRI as first-line imaging for AIS. This retrospective study aims to assess the effects of this paradigm change on diagnosis and disability outcomes.

METHODS:
We compared all consecutive patients with confirmed diagnosis of AIS admitted to our center during the MRI-period (May 2018–August 2022) and an identical number of patients from the preceding CT-period (December 2012–April 2018). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate outcomes, including the number and delay of imaging exams, the rate of missed strokes, stroke mimics treated with thrombolysis, undetermined stroke mechanisms, length of hospitalization, and 3-month disability.

RESULTS:

The median age of the 2972 included patients was 76 years (interquartile range, 65–84), and 46% were female. In the MRI-period, 80% underwent MRI as first acute imaging. The proportion of patients requiring a second acute imaging modality for diagnostic ± revascularization reasons increased from 2.1% to 5% (
P
unadj
<0.05), but it decreased in the subacute phase from 79.0% to 60.1% (
P
adj
<0.05). In thrombolysis candidates, there was a 2-minute increase in door-to-imaging delay (
P
adj
<0.05). The rates of initially missed AIS diagnosis was similar (3.8% versus 4.4%,
P
adj
=0.32) and thrombolysis in stroke mimics decreased by half (8.6% versus 4.3%;
P
adj
<0.05). Rates of unidentified stroke mechanism at hospital discharge were similar (22.8% versus 28.1%;
P
adj
=0.99). The length of hospitalization decreased from 9 (interquartile range, 6–14) to 7 (interquartile range, 4–12) days (
P
adj
=0.62). Disability at 3 months was similar (common adjusted odds ratio for favorable Rankin shift, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.71–1.36];
P
adj
=0.91), as well as mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage.

CONCLUSIONS:
A paradigm shift from CT to MRI as first-line imaging for AIS seems feasible in a comprehensive stroke center, with a minimally increased delay to imaging in thrombolysis candidates. MRI was associated with reduced thrombolysis rates of stroke mimics and subacute neuroimaging needs.
Indian Citizenship Revisited
Authors: Majumdar Manabi 
Published: March 2024

Sukumar Muralidharan, The Nation and Its Citizens: Tales of Bondage and Belonging, Rupa Publications, 2022, 263 pp., ₹395, ISBN: 9789355206381 (Paperback). Anupama Roy, Citizenship Regimes, Law and Belonging: The CAA and the NRC, Oxford University Press, 2022, 280 pp., ₹1495, ISBN: 9780192859082 (Hardcover). Harsh Mander and Navsharan Singh (Eds.), This Land Is Mine, I am Not of This Land: CAA-NRC and the Manufacture of Statelessness, Speaking Tiger Books, 2021, 421 pp., ₹499, ISBN: 9789390477180 (Paperback).
The association between cerebral blood flow variations during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and postoperative delirium
Authors: Sampaolesi Caterina , Casarotta Erika , Gresti Giacomo , Mariotti Giulia , Pisani Leonardo , Veccia Diego , Di Eusanio Marco , Malvindi Pietro Giorgio , Donati Abele , Münch Christopher Maria 
Published: March 2024

Introduction Postoperative delirium (POD) has a major impact on patient recovery after cardiac surgery. Although its pathophysiology remains unclear, there could be a correlation between cerebral blood flow (CBF) variations during cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) and POD. Our study aimed to evaluate whether variations in on-pump CBF, compared to pre-anesthesia and pre-CPB values, are associated with POD following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Methods This prospective observational cohort study included 95 adult patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG surgery. Right middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAV) was assessed using Transcranial Doppler before anesthesia induction, before CPB and every fifteen minutes during CPB. Pre-anesthesia and pre-CPB values were chosen as baselines. Individual values, measured during CPB, were converted as percentage changes relative to these baselines and named as %MCAV0 and %MCAV1, respectively. POD was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for ICU (CAM-ICU) during the first 48 post-operative hours and with the 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM) on the fifth post-surgical day. Results Overall POD incidence was 17.9%. At 30 minutes of CPB, %MCAV0 was higher in POD group than in no-POD group ( p = .05). %MCAV0 at 45 minutes of CPB was significantly higher in POD group (87 (±17) %) than in no-POD group (68 (±24) %), p = .04. %MCAV1 at 30 and 45 minutes of CPB were higher in POD group than in no-POD group, at the limit of statistical significance. We found %MCAV1 > 100% in POD group, but not in no-POD group. Conclusions Significant differences in %MCAV0 became evident after 30 minutes of CPB, whereas differences in %MCAV1 at 45 minutes of CPB were at limit of statistical significance. In POD group %MCAV1 was higher than 100% at 30 and 45 minutes of CPB, which is supposed to be a sign of cerebral hyperperfusion. Monitoring CBF during CPB could have prognostic value for POD.
Picroside II Inhibits Glycolysis and Migration in HepG2 Cells
Authors: Lei Xia , Yang Si-Cheng , Peng Kang-Bo , Wang Meng-Fan , Wu He-Zhen , Yang Yan-Fang 
Published: March 2024

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts and mechanisms of Picroside II on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods The GeneCards database was mined for HCC-related targets. The targets of Picroside Ⅱ were predicted using PharmMapper and SwissTarget Prediction. The molecular complex detection (MCODE) plugin in Cytoscape was used to screen core genes. The DAVID database was subsequently used to enrich the core targets by Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), which was used to determine the possible mode of action of Picroside II on HCC. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) examined core targets and patient mortality. Auto Dock 4.2.6 was used to simulate the docking of potential targets with Picroside II. Then, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to validate the targets’ docking ability. Finally, Western blotting and in vitro experiments were used to evaluate the effect of Picroside II on HepG2 cells. Results The result of network pharmacology showed that 94 genes may be possible targets for Picroside II treating of HCC, with GPI, LGALS3, SRC, HRAS, HSP90AA1, MMP9, PPARG, SERPINE1, and VEGFA being the most promising. GPI and Picroside II have strong virtual docking capabilities, and SPR tests verified their binding ability. In vitro studies revealed that Picroside II could suppress HepG2 cell migration. It has been demonstrated that Picroside II can stop tumors from migrating by attaching to the glycolytic proteins GPI and suppressing the downstream glycolytic pathway proteins ALDOA and GAPDH. Picroside II’s potential new target for treating tumors is GPI. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that Picroside Ⅱ can affect glucose metabolism by binding to glycolytic protein GPI and that this protein is a potential new target for Picroside Ⅱ in the treatment of tumors.
Is There Utility in Preoperative Testing of Hemoglobin Before Primary Cheiloplasty?
Authors: Shay Aryan , Gaffey Megan , Roe Roger , Robbins Alexa , Zaniletti Isabella , Johnson Adam , Hartzell Larry 
Published: March 2024

Objective To examine whether a preoperative hemoglobin of less than 10 g/dL is associated with a higher rate of perioperative complications. Design Retrospective review. Setting Tertiary academic hospital at Arkansas Children's Hospital of Little Rock, Arkansas. Patients A retrospective chart review evaluated patients undergoing primary cleft lip surgery from 2012 to 2017. Interventions No prospective intervention was performed for this study care. Main Outcome Measures Age, sex, medical history, weight, and perioperative complications. Hemoglobin level was collected in the preoperative area. The primary outcome was rate of perioperative complications including infection, dehiscence, return to the operating room, unplanned admission, and emergency department visit within two weeks postoperatively. Results 105 patients undergoing primary cheiloplasty met inclusion criteria. Hemoglobin levels were obtained on all patients. 93.3% (n = 98) of patients had a hemoglobin of >10 g/dL before surgery, and 6.6% (n = 7) had levels <10 g/dL. 1 of 7 patients with a hemoglobin of <10 g/dL experienced a postoperative complication (Tet spell) and one patient with a hemoglobin of >10 g/dL experienced a postoperative complication (unplanned intensive care admission for respiratory distress). Conclusions Post-operative complications are rare after primary cheiloplasty in patients with low or normal hemoglobin levels. The results of this study show that a preoperative hemoglobin of <10 g/dL does not predict perioperative complications in patients undergoing primary cheiloplasty.
The Effect of Albumin Replacement on Vasopressor Duration in Septic Shock in Patients With Hypoalbuminemia
Authors: Counts Jacob P. , Arnold Joshua , Atyia Sara , Ogake Stella , Smith Rachel M. , Doepker Bruce 
Published: March 2024

Background: The use of albumin resuscitation in septic shock is only recommended in patients who have received large volumes of crystalloid resuscitation regardless of serum albumin concentration. The role of albumin is still largely debated and evidence to support its use still lacking. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether albumin replacement increases the number of vasopressor-free days in patients with septic shock and hypoalbuminemia. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to assess the effect of albumin replacement in septic shock. Hypoalbuminemic patients with septic shock who received albumin were retrospectively compared with a cohort who did not. The primary outcome was number of vasopressor-free days at day 14 from shock presentation, which was analyzed using an adjusted linear regression model to adjust for confounders. Results: There was no difference in vasopressor-free days at day 14 in patients who received albumin versus those who did not, after adjusting for confounders of exposure (0.50, 95% CI = −0.97 to 1.97; P = 0.502). There also was no difference in secondary outcomes except for need for invasive mechanical ventilation (MV), which was significantly lower in patients who received albumin (61 [54.4%] vs 88 [67.7%]; P = 0.035). Conclusions and Relevance: We observed no difference in vasopressor-free days at day 14 in patients with hypoalbuminemia who received albumin compared with those who did not. However, patients who received albumin required significantly less MV although further studies are warranted to assess this effect.
Hyphema and vitreous hemorrhage after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation a case report
Authors: Shah Megh K , Syal Sapna , Desai Rajen U , Khouri Albert S 
Published: March 2024

Introduction We present two cases of vitreous hemorrhage after micropulse cyclophotocoagulation one of which had concurrent hyphema. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first cases of vitreous hemorrhage due to micropulse CPC in the United States. Case description The first case is an 82-year-old woman with bilateral severe primary open angle glaucoma. BCVA in the right eye was 20/25, and 10-2 Humphrey visual field showed severe peripheral defects. The patient underwent MPCPC of the right eye and at one week, a settled 2 mm hyphema and vitreous hemorrhage confirmed by B-scan were noted. At three months, the patient had a BCVA of 20/80 with an IOP of 12 and retina consultation deferred a PPV. The second case is of a patient with bilateral moderate stage POAG who underwent MPCPC in both eyes. His original VA was 20/200 bilaterally. At 2 weeks, RE VA was count fingers at one foot and LE was 20/150-1. At two months, a RE B scan revealed dense vitreous opacities. Retina consultation revealed vitreous hemorrhage but a PPV was deferred. Conclusion Clinicians should be aware of the risks of bleeding and the potential need for additional surgical interventions after MPCPC.
A Review of 1228 In-Office Hand Surgery Procedures With Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) at a Single Private Practice
Authors: Coffman Jason R. , Dela Cruz Jeffrey A. , Stein Brandon A. , Bagg Mark R. , Person David W. , Desai Kunj K. , Srinivasan Ramesh C. 
Published: March 2024

Background: This study examined the complication rate of Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) technique in the clinic setting with field sterility at a single private practice. We hypothesized that WALANT is safe and effective with a low complication rate. Methods: This retrospective chart review included 1228 patients who underwent in-office WALANT hand procedures at a single private practice between 2015 and 2022. Patients were divided into groups based on type of procedure: carpal tunnel release, A1 pulley release, first dorsal compartment release, extensor tendon repair, mass excision, foreign body removal, and needle aponeurotomy. Patient demographics and complications were recorded; statistical comparisons of cohort demographics and risk factors for complications were completed, and P < .05 was considered significant for all statistical comparisons. Results: The overall complication rate for all procedures was 2.77% for 1228 patients including A1 pulley release (n = 962, 2.7%), mass excision (n = 137, 3.7%), extensor tendon repair (n = 23, 4.3%), and first dorsal compartment release (n = 22, 8.3%). Carpal tunnel release, foreign body removal, and needle aponeurotomy groups experienced no complications. No adverse events (e.g. vasovagal reactions, digital ischemia, local anesthetic toxicity, inadequate vasoconstriction) were observed in any group. Patients with known autoimmune disorders and those who were currently smoking had a statistically significant higher complication rate. Conclusions: Office-based WALANT procedures with field sterility are safe and effective for treating common hand maladies and have a similar complication profile when compared to historical controls from the standard operating room in an ambulatory center or hospital.
Vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet ratio as a potential biomarker for preeclampsia: A study of angiogenic markers in Pakistani patients
Authors: Khidri Feriha Fatima , Waryah Yar Muhammad , Nigar Roohi , Mughal Zaib-Un-Nisa , Zai Jawaid Ahmed , Rao Ali Raza , Ujjan Ikram Din , Waryah Ali Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

Objectives To determine the levels of angiogenic biomarkers: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sVEGFR1 or sFlt-1), platelet count, and the VEGF/platelet ratio in preeclampsia. Methods Forty-four cases of preeclampsia and 44 controls were recruited. Results The serum VEGF, sVEGFR1, and VEGF/platelet ratio were significantly higher and platelet counts lower in preeclampsia in comparison to controls (VEGF: median = 178 vs. 97 pg/mL, p < 0.0001, sVEGFR1: 1634 vs. 627 pg/mL, p < 0.0001, VEGF/platelet ratio: 1.148 vs. 0.417, and platelet count: 178 × 103/µL vs. 232 × 103/µL, p = 0.0006). The VEGF and VEGF/platelet ratio showed better diagnostic accuracy for differentiating preeclampsia, with an area under the curve of 97.47% (95% CI: 0.95–1.00) and 89.46% (95% CI: 0.82–0.96), respectively. VEGFA: c.-2055A>C (rs699947) AA genotype exhibited higher serum VEGF levels associated with preeclampsia. Conclusion The higher levels of angiogenic biomarkers in preeclampsia, suggest a role in the pathogenesis and potential diagnosis.
Associated injuries and complications in pediatric pelvic fractures requiring hospitalization: A series of 315 cases
Authors: Song Baojian , Wang Qiang , Feng Wei , Zhu Danjiang , Yao Ziming , Zhang Xuejun 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Pediatric pelvic fractures are uncommon. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric pelvic fractures requiring hospitalization and analyze their correlation with associated injuries and complications. Methods: Data from 315 pediatric pelvic fracture patients admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Sex, age, modified Torode–Zieg classification, abbreviated injury scale score, injury severity score, mortality, and concomitant injuries were analyzed. Results: Of the 285 (90.5%) cases of combined injuries, most injuries occurred in the abdomen (64.8%) and lower extremities (47.6%), followed by the chest (45.4%) and head (34.6%). A total of 78 patients (24.8%) were transferred to the intensive care unit. In total, 94 patients (29.8%) had complications during hospitalization. There were differences based on injury mechanism ( p = 0.001), with the highest complication rate in the fall injury group (32 cases (46.4%)). Approximately 51.4% of patients received surgical treatment for problems that were not related to pelvic fractures. Among these, 30.2% necessitated surgical intervention on the lower limbs. Abdominal surgery was necessary in 19.0% of patients. Conclusions: Children who have pelvic fractures frequently require hospitalization due to the presence of severe injuries in other areas of their bodies. IIIB pelvic fractures frequently occur in conjunction with more severe abdominal injuries; therefore, the prompt management of cavity and organ injuries is of particular importance. Blood transfusion and injury severity score were associated risk factors for intensive care unit admission.
Predictors of seizure outcomes in stereo-electroencephalography-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulation for MRI-negative epilepsy
Authors: Huang Qi , Xie Pandeng , Zhou Jian , Ding Haoran , Liu Zhao , Li Tianfu , Guan Yuguang , Wang Mengyang , Wang Jing , Teng Pengfei , Zhu Mingwang , Ma Kaiqiang , Wu Han , Luan Guoming , Zhai Feng 
Published: March 2024

Background: One-third of intractable epilepsy patients have no visually identifiable focus for neurosurgery based on imaging tests [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative cases]. Stereo-electroencephalography-guided radio-frequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) is utilized in the clinical treatment of epilepsy to lower the incidence of complications post-open surgery. Objective: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and long-term seizure outcomes in SEEG-guided RF-TC for patients with MRI-negative epilepsy. Design: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Methods: We included 30 patients who had undergone SEEG-guided RF-TC at Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, from April 2015 to December 2019. The probability of remaining seizure-free and the plotted survival curves were analyzed. Prognostic factors were analyzed using log-rank tests in univariate analysis and the Cox regression model in multivariate analysis. Results: With a mean time of 31.07 ± 2.64 months (median 30.00, interquartile range: 18.00–40.00 months), 11 out of 30 patients (36.7%) were classified as International League Against Epilepsy class 1 in the last follow-up. The mean time of remaining seizure-free was 21.33 ± 4.55 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.41–30.25], and the median time was 3.00 ± 0.54 months (95% CI 1.94–4.06). Despite falling in the initial year, the probability of remaining seizure-free gradually stabilizes in the subsequent years. The patients were more likely to obtain seizure freedom when the epileptogenic zone was located in the insular lobe or with one focus on the limbic system ( p = 0.034, hazard ratio 5.019, 95% CI 1.125–22.387). Conclusion: Our findings may be applied to guide individualized surgical interventions and help clinicians make better decisions.