bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blockade of natural killer cell‐mediated lysis by NCAM140 expressed on tumor cells
Authors: Jarahian Mostafa , Watzl Carsten , Issa Yasmin , Altevogt Peter , Momburg Frank 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExpression of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) on malignant cells of neuroendocrine, epithelial and hematopoeitic origin has been reported, but its role for tumor cell recognition by the immune system remained uncertain so far. We have studied the cytotoxicity of the natural killer (NK) cell line NK92 and polyclonal NK cells from different donors, against NCAM‐deficient and NCAM‐transfected tumors. While the pancreatic carcinoma PANC‐1 and the glioblastoma T98G showed no enhanced susceptibility to NK lysis after NCAM transfection, de novo NCAM expression in HeLa cervical carcinoma, SHEP neuroblastoma and the multiple myeloma lines RPMI‐8226 and LP‐1 was associated with significantly decreased lysis by NK cells. Binding of an NCAM‐specific monoclonal antibody to NCAM‐positive target cells was able to reverse the reduced lysis susceptibility. Conjugate formation of NCAM‐expressing tumor cells with NK cells was blocked and could be restored by anti‐NCAM. NK cell‐expressed NCAM molecules which might engage in homotypic cis‐ or trans‐interactions had no apparent inhibitory function. The known cis‐ligands of NCAM, heparan sulfate proteoglycan and L1‐CAM, were also not directly involved in NK inhibition. ICAM‐1 mRNA and cell surface expression was downmodulated in NCAM‐transfected HeLa cells. ICAM‐1 is involved in killer cell immune synapse formation. Its downmodulation may therefore contribute to the reduced lysis of NCAM‐expressing target cells. We conclude that aberrant expression of NCAM on tumor cells of different histogenetic origin can lead to inhibition of target cell recognition and lysis by NK cells. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrastructural and hormonal changes in the pineal–testicular axis following arecoline administration in rats
Authors: Saha Indraneel , Chatterji Urmi , Chaudhuri‐Sengupta Santasri , Nag Tapas C. , Nag Debabrata , Banerjee Samir , Maiti B.R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractArecoline is an alkaloid of betel nut of Areca catechu. Betel nut is chewed by millions of people in the world and it causes oral and hepatic cancers in human. It has therapeutic value for the treatment of Alzheimer and schizophrenia. Arecoline has immunosuppressive, mutagenic and genotoxic effects in laboratory animals. It also affects endocrine functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of arecoline on pineal–testicular axis in rats. Since pineal activity is different between day and night, the current study is undertaken in both the photophase and scotophase. The findings were evaluated by ultrastructural and hormonal studies of pineal and testicular Leydig cells, with quantitations of fructose and sialic acid of sex accessories. Arecoline treatment (10 mg/kg body weight daily for 10 days) caused suppression of pineal activity at ultrastructural level by showing dilatation of the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), large autophagosome‐like bodies with swollen mitochondrial cristae, numerous lysosomes, degenerated synaptic ribbons and reduced number of synaptic‐like microvesicles. Moreover, pineal and serum N‐acetylserotonin and melatonin levels were decreased with increased serotonin levels in both the gland and serum. In contrast, testicular Leydig cell activity was stimulated with abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), electron‐dense core vesicles and vacuolated secretory vesicles, and increased testosterone level in the arecoline recipients. Consequently, the testosterone target, like prostate, was ultrastructurally stimulated with abundance of RER and accumulation of secretory vesicles. Fructose and sialic acid concentrations were also significantly increased respectively in the coagulating gland and seminal vesicle. These results were more significant in the scotophase than the photophase. The findings suggest that arecoline inhibits pineal activity, but stimulates testicular function (testosterone level) and its target organs presumably via muscarinic cholinergic receptor in rats. J. Exp. Zool. 307A:187–198, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of breed‐specific DNA polymorphisms for a simple and unambiguous screening system in germline chimeric chickens
Authors: Choi Jin Won , Lee Eun Young , Shin Ji Hye , Zheng Yinghui , Cho Byung Wook , Kim Jin‐kyoo , Kim Heebal , Han Jae Yong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the chicken, Dominant white is one of the major loci affecting feather color. Germline chimeric chickens are identified by testcross analysis using this genetic marker. The testcross, however, is a time‐consuming and laborious procedure, resulting in the need for a faster and simpler molecular method. A recent study showed that Dominant white was exclusively associated with a 9‐bp insertion in the PMEL17 gene. We searched for breed‐specific sequence polymorphisms in the PMEL17 gene among White Leghorn (WL) (white feather), Korean Ogol Chicken (KOC) (black feather), and Barred Plymouth Rock (grayish‐white, each feather regularly crossed with parallel blue‐black bars). In addition to the 9‐bp insertion, WLs and KOCs have unique bases in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 1,777th and 3,118th bases in the PMEL17 gene. To detect these sequence polymorphisms, allele‐specific polymerase chain reaction (AS‐PCR) was performed, which successfully distinguished the different breeds. We confirmed the ability of the AS primers to detect germline chimerism. This simple method can be widely used for the screening of germline chimeric chickens. J. Exp. Zool. 307A:241–248, (2007). © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A quantitative and qualitative assessment of mung bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Wilczek) seed in response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide: potential changes in fatty acid composition
Authors: Ziska Lewis H , Palowsky Robert , Reed Danielle R 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) on seed production and the fatty acid profiles of mung bean (Vigna mungo L. Wilczek) were studied under field conditions. Increased [CO2] (ca 250 ppm above ambient) resulted in significant increases in pod number, pod weight and total seed weight, but also significantly increased the percentage of immature pods at harvest. Qualitatively, increased [CO2] significantly decreased the percentages of palmitic and omega‐6 fatty acids, but increased the percentage of omega‐3 fatty acids and the relative proportion of omega‐3 to omega‐6 fatty acids in mature seed. Overall, increased carbon dioxide may significantly increase quantity and alter quality in mung bean seed, a recognized alternative source of fatty acids in the human diet. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Oromandibular dystonia involving the lateral pterygoid muscles: Four cases with different complexity
Authors: Møller Eigild , Bakke Merete , Dalager Torben , Werdelin Lene M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe report describes oromandibular dystonia (OMD) in four women with involuntary activity of the lateral pterygoid muscles (LP), causing incapacitating protrusive and lateral jaw movements and displacements, and treatment with botulinum toxin type A (BTX). For initial survey and treatment control, OMD was analyzed with several, independent, and standardized methods. OMD severity and functional difficulties were evaluated subjectively and scored from videotapes. Jaw movements were assessed graphically with a magnetic tracking system, and electromyographical activity (EMG) of LP was recorded with needle electrodes using an intraoral approach, whereas activity of masseter muscles was recorded with surface electrodes. EMG‐guided BTX injections (25–40 units Botox per muscle) into the muscles were performed with cannula electrodes. Compared with reference values for LP, OMD was associated with a markedly increased level of spontaneous activity, but almost normal level of maximum voluntary activity. The central pattern generator for mastication seemed to override the dystonic activity, as all patients were able to chew despite some distortion. BTX reduced both the spontaneous and the maximum activity for 3–9 months. Concomitantly, a marked reduction of the OMD severity, mandibular movements and functional disturbances were also present with the best effect in localized OMD with late onset. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Higher nigrostriatal dopamine neuron loss in early than late onset Parkinson's disease?—A [99mTc]‐TRODAT‐1 SPECT study
Authors: Shih Ming Chi , Franco de Andrade Luiz Augusto , Amaro Edson , Felicio Andre Carvalho , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai , Wagner Jairo , Hoexter Marcelo Queiroz , Lin Li Fu , Fu Ying Kai , Mari Jair Jesus , Tufik Sergio , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEarly‐onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is distinct from the classic late‐onset PD (LOPD) because of its slower disease progression. The aim of this study was to compare dopamine neuronal loss in EOPD with that of LOPD with the same disease duration, through dopamine transporter (DAT) estimation. Fourteen patients, seven EOPD (<50 years) and seven LOPD, matched for disease duration were scanned with [99mTc]‐TRODAT‐1‐SPECT (INER‐Taiwan), and were assessed with standard PD scales. EOPD patients had 34% lower striatal DAT binding potential (BP) compared with that of LOPD patients (BP = 0.29 ± 0.12, BP = 0.44 ± 0.12, P < 0.02) with similar PD severity. These results suggest that EOPD patients have greater dopamine density loss than LOPD patients without motor‐symptom worsening. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome: Intrafamilial variability and the size of the FMR1 premutation CGG repeat
Authors: Capelli Leonardo P. , Gonçalves Márcia R. R. , Kok Fernando , Leite Cláudia C. , Nitrini Ricardo , Barbosa Egberto R. , Vianna‐Morgante Angela M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurological progressive disorder associated with the FMR1 gene premutation. We report on variable presentation of findings associated with FXTAS in 3 brothers aged 68, 74, and 73 years, carrying premutation alleles of (CGG)123, (CGG)109, and (CGG)91 triplets, respectively. Based on previously proposed diagnostic criteria for the syndrome, clinical and radiological data allowed establishing a “definite” diagnosis of FXTAS in the two carriers of the longest (CGG)n. The carrier of the (CGG)91 allele, although presenting a major radiological sign of the syndrome (symmetrical white‐matter lesions in the middle cerebellar peduncles), did not have any significant neurological manifestation at 73 years of age. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
The effect of injecting botulinum toxin type a into the calf muscles on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: A double blind placebo‐controlled pilot study
Authors: Gurevich Tanya , Peretz Chava , Moore Orna , Weizmann Nina , Giladi Nir 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect on freezing of gait (FOG) of botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) injections in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.MethodBTX‐A 150 IU or normal saline was injected into each leg's calf muscles by a blinded investigator. FOG severity was assessed at set intervals (6‐month follow‐up).ResultsEleven age‐ and disease severity‐matched PD patients with disabling FOG participated. Six patients received BTX‐A and 5 received saline. No improvement was observed in either group over time. Leg weakness and falls lead to early termination.ConclusionBTX‐A injections to the legs did not improve FOG and might increase fall risk. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society
Exploring Reaction Kinetics of a Multi‐Site Ziegler‐Natta Catalyst Using Deconvolution of Molecular Weight Distributions for Ethylene‐Hexene Copolymers
Authors: Thompson Duncan E. , McAuley Kim B. , McLellan P. James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIndustrial ethylene‐hexene copolymer samples produced using a supported Ti‐based Ziegler‐Natta catalyst were deconvoluted into five Flory molecular weight distributions (MWDs). Relationships between reactor operating conditions and deconvolution parameters confirmed that temperature and hydrogen and hexene concentrations influenced the MWD. The two sites that produced low‐molecular‐weight polymer responded similarly to changes in reactor operating conditions, as did the three sites that produce high‐molecular‐weight polymer. Increasing hexene concentration resulted in relatively more polymer being produced at the two low‐molecular‐weight sites and less at the high‐molecular‐weight sites. The information obtained will be useful for making simplifying assumptions during kinetic model development.magnified image
Recent Advances in the Study of Multifunctional Initiators in Free Radical Polymerizations
Authors: Scorah Matthew J. , Dhib Ramdhane , Penlidis Alexander 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAn overview of a systematic investigation of a tetrafunctional peroxide initiator's behaviour is presented. The study focuses on three main areas of research: kinetic experiments, polymer characterization and modelling efforts. The kinetic investigation compared the behaviour of the tetrafunctional initiator (JWEB50) to that of a monofunctional counterpart (TBEC) for a variety of monomers. Although higher rates of polymerization were generated with JWEB50 for all monomers investigated, switching from a mono‐ to a tetrafunctional initiator actually decreased the polymer molecular weight for methyl methacrylate. While chromatographic characterization methods were able to detect branching in polystyrene samples produced with JWEB50, this was not the case for poly(methyl methacrylate). However, evidence of branching was clearly observed for both polystyrene and PMMA when rheological methods were employed. In order to explain the experimental results, a mathematical model was developed. Through its use, the concentration and chain length of various polymer structures (i.e., linear, star or coupled stars) was found to depend upon monomer type and reaction conditions.
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Preparation and characterization of poly[(butylene succinate)‐co‐(butylene adipate)]/carbon nanotube‐coated silk fiber composites
Authors: Kim Hun‐Sik , Park Byung Hyun , Yoon Jin‐San , Jin Hyoung‐Joon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBiodegradable composites consisting of aliphatic polyesters (poly[(butylenes succinate)‐co‐(butylenes adipate)] (PBSA)) and Bombyx mori silk fibers coated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by melt compression molding. The mechanical properties of PBSA were enhanced by the incorporation of a small amount (3 wt%) of CNT‐coated silk fibers, while allowing its potential biodegradability to be retained, which could make these composites good candidates for commodity materials such as general‐purpose plastics. This improvement is attributed to the interactions between PBSA and CNT‐coated silk fibers in the composites. The average interfacial shear strength of the composites consisting of CNT‐coated silk fibers and PBSA matrix was 1.7 MPa, as measured by the microbond droplet test, while that of composites consisting of pure silk fibers and PBSA was only 1.1 MPa. The morphology of the CNT‐coated silk fiber‐reinforced composites was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Theoretical studies of ethylene addition to transition metal compounds with carbene and oxo groups LnM(CH2)(O)
Authors: Haunschild Robin , Loschen Christoph , Tüllmann Sandor , Cappel Daniel , Hölscher Markus , Holthausen Max C. , Frenking Gernot 
Published: February 2007

AbstractQuantum chemical calculations using density functional theory at the B3LYP level in combination with relativistic effective core potentials for the metals and TZ2P valence basis sets have been carried out for elucidating the reaction pathways of ethylene addition to MeReO2(CH2) (C1). The results are compared with our previous studies of ethylene addition to OsO2(CH2)2 (A1) and OsO3(CH2) (B1). Significant differences have been found between the ethylene additions to the osmium compounds A1 and B1 and the rhenium compound C1. Seven pathways for the reaction C1+C2H4 were studied, but only the [2+2]Re,C addition yielding rhenacyclobutane C5 is an exothermic process with a high activation barrier of 48.9 kcal mol−1. The lowest activation energy (27.7 kcal mol−1) is calculated for the [2+2]Re,C addition, which leads to the isomeric form C5′. Two further concerted reactions [3+2]O,C, [3+2]O,O, and [2+2]Re,O and the addition/hydrogen migration of ethylene to one oxo ligand are endothermic processes which have rather high activation barriers (>35 kcal mol−1). Four isomerization processes of C1 have very large activation energies of >65 kcal mol−1. The ethylene addition to the osmium compounds A1 and B1 are much more exothermic and have lower activation barriers than the C2H4 addition to C1. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A computational study into the reactivity of epichlorohydrin and epibromohydrin under basic conditions in the gas phase and solution
Authors: Merrill G. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAb initio molecular orbital calculations were carried out on epibromohydrin (EBH) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) in an attempt to elucidate their reactivity with respect to a hard nucleophile, hydroxide. These systems were modeled in both the gas phase and a polar solvent under basic conditions. In the gas phase, it was determined that a direct displacement mechanism (nucleophilic attack at the C1 position) was operative for EBH, while an indirect pathway (nucleophilic attack at the C3 position and subsequent intramolecular displacement) was followed for ECH. In an acetone solution, only the indirect displacement mechanism was found to occur. An electrostatic argument is advanced to account for this behavior in polar solution. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The anionic chain process mechanism for reactions of perchlorofluoroethanes with nucleophiles in solution: a theoretical study
Authors: Zhang Cheng‐Gen , Huang Ming‐Bao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnionic chain process mechanism (including reactions (1)–(4)) suggested by the experimental investigations for the reactions of nucleophile (CH3O−) with perchlorofluoroethanes CF2ClCCl3 (1), CF2ClCCl2F (2), and CF3CCl3 (3) in solution is examined by performing calculations using the B3LYP method and the SCIPCM (self‐consistent isodensity polarizable continuum) model for simulating solution effects. The SCIPCM‐B3LYP calculations indicate that anionic species have large solvation energies and solvation energy values for different kinds of anions are quite different, which effects changes in ΔH's for the reactions in solution. Competition between anionic hyperconjugation and solvation leads to negative ΔH values for reactions (2) from 1 and 2 in solution. Reactions (3) and (4) from 1, 2, and 3 in solution are predicted to be exothermic or highly exothermic. Since the ΔH values for reactions (1) and (2) from 1 and 2 in solution are negative or small positive values, the reactions of CH3O− with 1 and 2 in solution proceed via the anionic chain process. For 3 in solution, reactions (1) and (2) are endothermic while reactions (3) and (4) are exothermic or highly exothermic. The reactions of CH3O− with 3 in solution may proceed via the anionic chain process. All these conclusions are in agreement with the experimental indications for reactions of nucleophiles with 1, 2, and 3 in solution. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of ISO/TC 201 Standard: XXIX. ISO 20903: 2006—Surface chemical analysis—Auger electron spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy—methods used to determine peak intensities and information required when reporting results
Authors: Powell C. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis article is a brief summary of the ISO Standard 20903. This standard provides information on methods for the measurement of peak intensities in Auger electron and X‐ray photoelectron spectra and on uncertainties of the derived peak areas. It also specifies the necessary information required in a report of analytical results based on such measurements. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adsorption of genetically engineered proteins studied by time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS). Part A: data acquisition and principal component analysis (PCA)
Authors: Suzuki Noriaki , Gamble Lara , Tamerler Candan , Sarikaya Mehmet , Castner David G. , Ohuchi Fumio S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecent progress in the adaptation of combinatorial biology selection protocols to materials science has created a new class of polypeptides with specific affinity to inorganics. Here, we use one of the genetically engineered proteins, a gold binding protein (GBP‐1), to assess quantitatively its binding specificity to Au, Ag and Pd surfaces by using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF‐SIMS). The GBP‐1, originally selected using cell‐surface display techniques, consisting of 14 amino acids with a sequence of MHGKTQATSGTIQS, was used in this study. Three‐repeat and single‐repeat forms of GBP‐1 were prepared. In earlier studies, GBP‐1 was shown to bind to Au particles and self‐assemble on flat Au surfaces. Through the fingerprint analysis of these specific peptides, their role in binding can be investigated in terms of their contribution to surface interaction possibly forming the right molecular architecture for binding. To achieve this purpose, a large‐sized data matrix produced by TOF‐SIMS must be properly treated for analysis. In Part A, we use principal component analysis (PCA) to visualize the spectral variations for a variety of adsorption conditions and suggest possible contribution of the specific types of amino acids (binding site) to the interactions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New York City young adults' psychological reactions to 9/11: findings from the Reach for Health longitudinal study
Authors: Agronick Gail , Stueve Ann , Vargo Sue , O'Donnell Lydia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThis research examines psychological distress among 955 economically disadvantaged New York City residents surveyed during high school and again after the September 11th terrorist attacks (9/11), when they were young adults. As part of the longitudinal Reach for Health study, young adult surveys were conducted from 6–19 months post‐9/11 (average 8 months), providing opportunity to assess types of exposures and psychological distress, including symptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, hopelessness, and anger. Regressions of psychological distress on 9/11 exposure were performed, controlling for high school distress, prior exposure to violence victimization, and socio‐demographic characteristics. Exposure to 9/11 was positively associated with anger, hopelessness, and PTSD symptoms and a measure of global distress. The relationship was greater among women for PTSD symptoms. Although those who reported high school distress also reported more distress in young adulthood, prior psychological distress did not moderate the relationship between exposure and psychological outcomes. Greater exposure is related to distress among those who, during high school, reported lower distress, as well as among those who reported prior greater distress.