bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of Phosphotyrosyl Mimetic 4‐(Phosphonodifluoromethyl)phenyl Alanine (F2Pmp) into Signal Transduction‐Directed Peptides
Authors: Yao Zhu‐Jun , Lee Kyeong , Burke Terrence R. Jr. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electron‐Molecular‐Vibration Interactions and Jahn‐Teller Effects in Charged Nanosized Molecules
Authors: Kato Takashi , Yamabe Tokio 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Spontaneous Ionization and Electron Transfer of Polyaromatics by Sorption in ZSM‐5 Zeolites
Authors: Marquis Severine , Moissette Alain , Vezin Herve , Bremard Claude 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Scaffolds, Stem Cells, and Tissue Engineering: A Potent Combination!
Authors: Cao Yang , Croll Tristan I. , Lees Justin G. , Tuch Bernard E. , Cooper‐White Justin J. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Neurotoxins and Medicinals for the Treatment of Parkinson′s Disease. Part 3. Drugs Indirectly Influencing the Dopaminergic System
Authors: Kadieva M. G. , Oganesyan E. T. , Mutsueva S. Kh. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Polymeric Nanoparticles from Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Fluid Solution
Authors: Sun Ya‐Ping , Meziani Mohammed J. , Pathak Pankaj , Qu Liangwei 
Published: February 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Chemie kontra Papierzerfall. Papierkonservierung
Authors: Roth Klaus 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPapier ist geduldig, aber vergänglich. In den wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Deutschlands sind 200 Millionen Bücher gefährdet. Ein großer Teil davon kann heute schon nicht mehr normal benutzt werden. Um das Archivgut, d.h. unsere ganze amtliche Geschichte, steht es genauso schlecht: allein im Bundesarchiv warten 300 laufende Kilometer (!) Unterlagen auf eine Konservierung. Verfahren zur Konservierung sind in den letzten Jahren entwickelt worden, kommen aber für viele Akten bereits zu spät. Ein Blick in die Chemie des Zerfalls und der Konservierung von altem Papier.
Halfen vulkanische Gase bei der Entstehung des Lebens mit?
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: February 2006

AbstractDer Ursprung des Lebens – also die Frage, wie aus den kleinen organischen Molekülen, die sich vermutlich in der “Ursuppe” befanden, hinreichend komplexe Makromoleküle entstehen konnten, die dann den Evolutionsprozess starteten – gehört zu den schwierigsten Problemen der Biowissenschaften. Die Aktivierung von Aminosäuren durch ein von Vulkanen ausgestoßenes Gas bietet plausible Erklärungen, wie zwei wichtige Prozesse in der Urzeit – ohne “moderne” Enzyme – stattgefunden haben könnten.
Highly Potent and Specific GSK‐3β Inhibitors That Block Tau Phosphorylation and Decrease α‐Synuclein Protein Expression in a Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kozikowski Alan P. , Gaisina Irina N. , Petukhov Pavel A. , Sridhar Jayalakshmi , King LaShaunda T. , Blond Sylvie Y. , Duka Tetyana , Rusnak Milan , Sidhu Anita 
Published: February 2006

AbstractResearch by Klein and co‐workers suggests that the inhibition of GSK‐3β by small molecules may offer an important strategy in the treatment of a number of central nervous system (CNS) disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and bipolar disorders. Based on results from kinase‐screening assays that identified a staurosporine analogue as a modest inhibitor of GSK‐3β, a series of 3‐indolyl‐4‐indazolylmaleimides was prepared for study in both enzymatic and cell‐based assays. Most strikingly, whereas we identified ligands having poor to high potency for GSK‐3β inhibition, only ligands with a Ki value of less than 8 nM, namely maleimides 18 and 22, were found to inhibit Tau phosphorylation at a GSK‐3β‐specific site (Ser 396/404). Accordingly, maleimides 18 and 22 may protect neuronal cells against cell death by decreasing the level of α‐Syn protein expression. We conclude that the GSK‐3β inhibitors described herein offer promise in defending cells against MPP+‐induced neurotoxicity and that such compounds will be valuable to explore in animal models of Parkinson's disease as well as in other Tau‐related neurodegenerative disease states.
Structural Basis for the Exceptional in vivo Efficacy of Bisphosphonate Drugs
Authors: Rondeau Jean‐Michel , Bitsch Francis , Bourgier Emmanuelle , Geiser Martin , Hemmig Rene , Kroemer Markus , Lehmann Sylvie , Ramage Paul , Rieffel Sebastien , Strauss André , Green Jonathan R. , Jahnke Wolfgang 
Published: February 2006

AbstractTo understand the structural basis for bisphosphonate therapy of bone diseases, we solved the crystal structures of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) in its unliganded state, in complex with the nitrogen‐containing bisphosphonate (N‐BP) drugs zoledronate, pamidronate, alendronate, and ibandronate, and in the ternary complex with zoledronate and the substrate isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP). By revealing three structural snapshots of the enzyme catalytic cycle, each associated with a distinct conformational state, and details about the interactions with N‐BPs, these structures provide a novel understanding of the mechanism of FPPS catalysis and inhibition. In particular, the accumulating substrate, IPP, was found to bind to and stabilize the FPPS–N‐BP complexes rather than to compete with and displace the N‐BP inhibitor. Stabilization of the FPPS–N‐BP complex through IPP binding is supported by differential scanning calorimetry analyses of a set of representative N‐BPs. Among other factors such as high binding affinity for bone mineral, this particular mode of FPPS inhibition contributes to the exceptional in vivo efficacy of N‐BP drugs. Moreover, our data form the basis for structure‐guided design of optimized N‐BPs with improved pharmacological properties.
The number of lymph nodes with metastasis predicts survival in patients with esophageal or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma who receive preoperative chemoradiation
Authors: Gu Yan , Swisher Stephen G. , Ajani Jaffer A. , Correa Arlene M. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Liao Zhongxing , Komaki Ritsuko R. , Rashid Asif , Hamilton Stanley R. , Wu Tsung‐Teh 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe survival of patients with locoregional adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) who receive preoperative chemoradiation is reported to be better among patients who achieve a pathologic complete response than among patients who have residual tumor, including lymph node (LN) metastasis. However, the prognostic significance of the number of LNs with residual metastasis remains unclear.METHODSThe authors studied 187 consecutive patients who received chemoradiation followed by an esophagectomy. The number of positive LNs and the size of metastatic tumor in each positive LN were examined with regard to overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).RESULTSA pathologic complete response was achieved by 29% of patients. No LN metastasis (posttherapy pathologic negative LN status [ypN0]) was present in 49% of patients who had residual carcinoma, and LN metastasis (ypN1) was present in 51% of patients. The 5‐year OS and 2‐year RFS rates achieved by patients who had 1 positive LN (34% and 45%, respectively) were similar to the rates achieved by patients in the ypN0 group (38% [P = 0.84] and 50% [P = 0.77], respectively) but were significantly better than the rates achieved by patients who had ≥ 2 positive LNs (6% [P = 0.02] and 18% [P = 0.01], respectively). The size of metastatic tumor in LNs among patients who had 1 positive LN was a prognostic factor (≥ 4 mm vs. < 4 mm; P = 0.04). In multivariate analysis, OS was better in patients who had 1 LN metastasis among patients in the ypN1 group (P = 0.02) independent of their posttherapy pathologic tumor status.CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggested that the number of LNs with metastasis is an independent prognostic factor in patients with residual adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or the EGJ after preoperative chemoradiation. The authors suggest modification of the tumor‐lymph node‐metastasis (TNM) staging classification (ypTNM) to include the number of positive LNs in the ypN1 category. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
First‐ and second‐line chemotherapy with docetaxel or mitoxantrone in patients with hormone‐refractory prostate cancer
Authors: Michels Jorg , Montemurro Trina , Murray Nevin , Kollmannsberger Christian , Nguyen Chi Kim 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDDocetaxel and mitoxantrone are considered first‐line chemotherapeutic options in patients with hormone‐refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), but their clinical effectiveness in a second‐line setting is unknown. Therefore, the authors conducted a population‐based retrospective study to establish activity and tolerability of second‐line docetaxel or mitoxantrone in HRPC.METHODSThe study included 68 patients who had failed androgen ablation therapy and who received docetaxel and mitoxantrone in either sequence. Clinical efficacy in terms of median overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), posttreatment prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) decline of ≥ 50% and treatment‐related toxicity were evaluated.RESULTSOf 68 patients, 35 received docetaxel followed by mitoxantrone, and 33 received mitoxantrone followed by docetaxel. Both groups were comparable for recognized pretreatment prognostic factors. Patients who received docetaxel first‐line had a trend toward longer median OS compared with patients treated with second‐line docetaxel after mitoxantrone failure (22 mos, 95% confidence interval [CI], 17.2–26.8 mos vs. 15 mos, 95% CI, 10.4–19.6 mos). Median number of second‐line chemotherapy cycles was 3 and median PFS survival was 2–3 months in both groups. Second‐line docetaxel produced a higher PSA response compared with mitoxantrone (38% vs. 12%, P = 0.012), but this did not translate to a survival benefit. Both second‐line docetaxel and mitoxantrone were associated with a high frequency of treatment‐related adverse events that resulted in dose reduction, delay, or discontinuation (64% and 46% of patients, respectively).CONCLUSIONSStudy results favored docetaxel given up‐front for patients with HRPC considered suitable for further chemotherapy. Second‐line docetaxel or mitoxantrone had limited efficacy and tolerability. Patients who are candidates for second‐line chemotherapy, should be enrolled into clinical trials. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Cytoreductive surgery followed by intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion
Authors: Kusamura Shigeki , Younan Rami , Baratti Dario , Costanzo Pasqualina , Favaro Myriam , Gavazzi Cecilia , Deraco Marcello 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe purpose of this prospective Phase II study was to analyze morbidity and mortality of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP) in the treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies.METHODSA total of 205 patients (50 with peritoneal mesothelioma, 49 with pseudomyxoma peritonei, 41 with ovarian cancer, 32 with abdominal sarcomatosis, 13 with colon cancer, 12 with gastric cancer, and 8 with carcinomatosis from other origins) underwent 209 consecutive procedures. Four patients underwent the intervention twice because of disease relapse. There were 70 men and 135 women. Mean age was 52 years (range, 22–76 yrs). CRS was performed by using peritonectomy procedures. IPHP through the closed abdomen technique was conducted with a preheated (42.5 °C) perfusate containing cisplatin + mitomycin C or cisplatin + doxorubicin.RESULTSMajor morbidity rate was 12%. The most significant complications were 23 anastomotic leaks or bowel perforations, 4 abdominal bleeds, and 4 sepses. Operative mortality rate was 0.9%. On logistic regression model multivariate analysis, extent of cytoreduction (odds ratio [OR], 2.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–6.40) and dose of cisplatin for IPHP ≥ 240 mg (OR, 3.13; 95% CI, 1.24–7.90) were independent risk factors for major morbidity. Ten patients presented with Grade 3 to 4 toxicity.CONCLUSIONSCRS + IPHP presented acceptable morbidity, toxicity, and mortality rates, all of which support prospective Phase III clinical trials. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Magnetic resonance‐guided, vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy
Authors: Perlet Claudia , Heywang‐Kobrunner Sylvia H. , Heinig Anke , Sittek Harald , Casselman Jan , Anderson Ingvar , Taourel Patrick 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the accuracy, reproducibility, and clinical value of magnetic resonance (MR)‐guided, vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy (MR‐VAB) in a prospective, multicenter study.METHODSIn 5 European centers, MR‐VAB was performed or attempted on 538 suspicious lesions that were visible or could targeted only by MR imaging (MRI). Verification of malignant or borderline lesions included reexcision of the biopsy cavity. Benign biopsy results were verified by retrospective correlation of histology with preinterventional and postinterventional MRI studies. Follow‐up of 24–48 months (median, 32 months) was available for 491 of 538 patients.RESULTSMR‐VAB was unsuccessful or was not completed in 21 of 538 patients, for which an immediate repeat biopsy was recommended. Five hundred seventeen of 538 performed VAB procedures (96%) were successful. Histology yielded 138 (27%) malignancies, 17 (3%) atypical ductal hyperplasias, and 362 (70%) benign entities. No false‐negative diagnoses occurred among the 517 successful MR‐VAB procedures. The positive predictive value of VAB depended on patient preselection, which differed according to the indication for the initial MRI study.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study indicated that MR‐VAB offers excellent accuracy. Small lesion size did not prove to be a limitation. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
K‐ras mutations in incident sporadic colorectal adenomas
Authors: Barry Elizabeth L. R. , Baron John A. , Grau Maria V. , Wallace Kristin , Haile Robert W. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough K‐ras is the most frequently mutated protooncogene in colorectal carcinoma, the specific role and timing of K‐ras mutations in colorectal carcinogenesis remains controversial. In the current study, the authors investigated associations with K‐ras mutation in incident sporadic colorectal adenomas that occurred during a chemoprevention trial of calcium supplementation.METHODSK‐ras genotyping was performed on 303 colorectal adenomas that were removed from 207 participants during the follow‐up phase of the Calcium Polyp Prevention Study. Mutations in codons 12 or 13 of K‐ras were detected by denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography and were confirmed by direct sequencing.RESULTSThe adenomas analyzed had a mean estimated size of 0.5 cm, and 3.0% were identified with mutations (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.3–4.4%). These mutations were more common in larger adenomas (risk ratio [RR], 12.7 for tumors that measured > 0.5 cm vs. ≤ 0.5 cm; 95% CI, 2.7–59.7), in adenomas with more advanced histology (RR, 20.6 for tubulovillous/villous vs. tubular; 95% CI, 4.4–96.0), and in adenomas that were located in the rectum compared with the colon (RR, 8.4; 95% CI, 2.3–30.5).CONCLUSIONSCompared with previous studies, the current analysis was novel, because it focused on incident adenomas that were diagnosed within a few years of a previous “clean” colonoscopy. The results provided evidence for a very low rate of K‐ras mutation among these small, early adenomas and strong support for a role of K‐ras mutations in adenoma progression. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 promoter polymorphism predicts the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity and fatigue induced by irinotecan‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Massacesi Cristian , Terrazzino Salvatore , Marcucci Fabiana , Rocchi Marco B. , Lippe Paolo , Bisonni Renato , Lombardo Marco , Pilone Alberta , Mattioli Rodolfo , Leon Alberta 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the current Phase II study, the authors evaluated the association between genomic polymorphic variants in uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase (UGT1A1), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and thymidylate synthase (TS) genes, and the incidence of the adverse effects of irinotecan and raltitrexed in previously heavily treated patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma.METHODSFifty‐six patients received irinotecan (at a dose of 80 mg/m2 on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 every 5 wks), combined with raltitrexed (at a dose of 3 mg/m2 every 3 wks). Genotyping for the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, the TATA box region in the UGT1A1 promoter, and tandem repeats in the TS promoter was performed on genomic DNA extracted from blood. Nineteen variables related to patient, disease, and treatment characteristics, together with genotypes, were analyzed using a binary logistic regression model with stepwise selection to evaluate their correlation with adverse reactions.RESULTSToxicities (determined according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria) were evaluated in 169 cycles. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was reported to occur in 2% of cycles, Grade 2–4 nausea was reported to occur in 19% of cycles, Grade 2–4 emesis was reported to occur in 9% of cycles, Grade 2–4 diarrhea was reported to occur in 20% of cycles, Grade 2/3 fatigue was reported to occur in 11% of cycles, and Grade 3/4 hepatic toxicity was reported to occur in 7% of cycles. Homozygosis for six TA repeats in the promoter region of the UGT1A1 gene was found to be the main predictive factor for diarrhea (P < 0.00005), emesis (P = 0.0001), and fatigue (P = 0.007). Homozygosis for two tandem repeats in the TS promoter was found to be predictive of a reduced incidence of fatigue (P = 0.044). MTHFR C677T polymorphism was not found to be associated with any adverse reaction.CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, UGT1A1 promoter polymorphism was found to be predictive of the risk of diarrhea, emesis, and fatigue caused by chemotherapy with irinotecan and raltitrexed. Screening for UGT1A1 promoter polymorphism may be clinically useful for identifying patients at a higher risk of developing a severe or potentially life‐threatening toxicity after irinotecan‐based chemotherapy. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
The Leading Role of Association in Framework Modification of Highly Siliceous Zeolites with Adsorbed Methylamine
Authors: Han Ai‐Jie , Guo Juan , Yu Hui , Zeng Yu , Huang Yue‐Fang , He He‐Yong , Long Ying‐Cai 
Published: February 2006

AbstractAffinity index (AT value), adsorption heat, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and 13C and 29Si magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopies were used to study the interaction of highly siliceous MFI‐, FAU‐, and FER‐type zeolites with adsorbed methylamine (MA). Compared with the data for methanol, the much higher AT values and adsorption heats, and significant changes in XRD patterns, 29Si MAS NMR spectra, and FTIR spectra for the zeolites after adsorption of MA, revealed a strong hydrogen‐bonding interaction between the perfect framework of the zeolites and the adsorbed MAs. This interaction results from the fact that the H atom of the amine group attacks the [SiO] framework to form a SiO⋅⋅⋅H⋅⋅⋅N bond, which leads to the appearance of SiN bonds in the zeolites at 323 K. Therefore, the zeolite framework can be modified with MA under mild conditions. The highly siliceous MFI zeolite and the H‐ZSM‐5 zeolite with SiO2 /Al2O3=31:1 were modified with MA and investigated by temperature‐programmed desorption of CO2. The modified zeolites exhibited greatly enhanced basic properties in comparison with those of the raw materials. The influence of defects in the zeolite on the adsorption and the interaction with MA is discussed.
Flow cytometric measurement of circulating endothelial cells: The effect of age and peripheral arterial disease on baseline levels of mature and progenitor populations
Authors: Shaffer Rebecca Gusic , Greene Sam , Arshi Arash , Supple Greg , Bantly Andrew , Moore Jonni S. , Mohler Emile R. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractBackground:Age and cardiovascular disease status appear to alter numbers and function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Despite no universal phenotypic definition, numerous studies have implicated progenitors with apparent endothelial potential in local responses to vascular injury and with cardiovascular disease in general. To further define the role of this lineage in peripheral artery disease (PAD), we developed a multiparameter flow cytometry assay to analyze multiple phenotypic definitions of progenitor cells (PCs), EPCs, and mature endothelial cells (ECs) and evaluate effects of age and PAD on baseline levels of each subset.Methods:Blood was collected from young healthy subjects (N = 9, mean age 33 ± 8 years), older healthy subjects (N = 13, mean age 66 ± 8 years), and older subjects with PAD (N = 15, mean age 69 ± 8 years). After ammonium chloride lysis, cells were stained and analyzed on a Becton‐Dickinson LSR II with a 5‐color antibody panel: FITC‐anti‐CD31, PE‐anti‐CD146, PE‐anti‐CD133, PerCP‐Cy5.5‐anti‐CD3,‐CD19,‐CD33 (lineage panel), PE‐Cy7‐anti‐CD34, and APC‐anti‐VEGF‐R2. Viability was assessed by propidium iodide exclusion, and only viable, low to medium side scatter lineage‐negative singlets were analyzed. In some studies, cells were sorted for morphological studies. Subsets were defined as indicated later.Results:Our results, using a comprehensive flow cytometric panel, indicate that CD133+, CD34+, and CD133+/CD34+ PCs are elevated in younger healthy individuals compared to older individuals, both healthy and with PAD. However, the number of EPCs and mature ECs did not significantly differ among the three groups. Assessment of endothelial colony forming units and dual acLDL‐lectin staining supported the flow cytometric findings.Conclusions:We describe a comprehensive flow cytometric method to detect circulating mature and progenitor endothelial populations confirmed by conventional morphological and functional assays. Our findings suggest that aging may influence circulating levels of PCs, but not EPCs or ECs; PAD had no effect on baseline levels of any populations investigated. This study provides the basis for evaluating the potential effects of acute stress and therapeutic intervention on circulating progenitor and endothelial populations as a biomarker for cardiovascular status. © 2005 International Society for Analytical Cytology