bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency Nurses’ Reasons for Not Recommending Their Hospital to Clinicians as a Good Place to Work
Authors: Muir K. Jane , Merchant Raina M. , Lasater Karen B. , Brooks Carthon J. Margo 
Published: April 2024

ImportanceHalf of emergency nurses report high burnout and intend to leave their job in the next year. Whether emergency nurses would recommend their workplace to other clinicians may be an important indicator of a hospital’s ability to recruit clinicians.ObjectiveTo examine why emergency nurses do not recommend their hospital to other clinicians as a good place to work.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used directed content analysis of open-text responses (n = 142) from the RN4CAST-NY/IL survey of registered nurses licensed in New York and Illinois between April 13 and June 22, 2021. Inductive and deductive analytic approaches guided study theme development informed by the Social Ecological Model. The collected data were analyzed from April to June 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNurses who answered “probably not” or “definitely not” to the survey question, “Would you recommend your place of employment as a good place to work?” were prompted to provide a rationale in an open-text response.ResultsIn this qualitative study of 142 emergency nurses (mean [SD] age, 43.5 [12.5] years; 113 [79.6%] female; mean [SD] experience, 14.0 [12.2] years), 94 (66.2%) were licensed to work in New York and the other 48 (33.8%) in Illinois. Five themes and associated subthemes emerged from the data. Themes conveyed understaffing of nurses and ancillary support (theme 1: unlimited patients with limited support); inadequate responsiveness from unit management to work environment safety concerns (theme 2: unanswered calls for help); perceptions that nurses’ licenses were in jeopardy given unsafe working conditions and compromised care quality (theme 3: license always on the line); workplace violence on a patient-to-nurse, clinician-to-nurse, and systems level (theme 4: multidimensional workplace violence); and nurse reports of being undervalued by hospital management and unfulfilled at work in delivering suboptimal care to patients in unsafe working conditions (theme 5: undervalued and unfulfilled).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that emergency department nurses did not recommend their workplace to other clinicians as a good place to work because of poor nurse and ancillary staffing, nonresponsive hospital leadership, unsafe working conditions, workplace violence, and a lack of feeling valued. These findings inform aspects of the work environment that employers can address to improve nurse recruitment and retention.
Metalized Plastic Current Collectors Incorporated with Halloysite Nanotubes toward Highly Safe Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Nuo , Zhao Jie , Long Zihan , Song Ruifeng , Cui Yanming , Lin Jiu , Xu Henghui , Huang Yunhui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMetalized plastic current collectors (MPCCs) have shown potential in improving the energy density and safety of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, the poor mechanical strength, weak interfacial adhesion force, and surface metal corrosion have impeded the practical application of MPCCs. Here, an innovative engineering of MPCCs is proposed by incorporating halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as fillers into polyimide (PI) polymer layer, which is further coated with two thin copper (Cu) layers. Because of the strong bonding between HNTs surface and the PI precursor, HNTs improve the mechanical strength of PI‐HNTs composite film, reinforce the interfacial adhesion force between the PI‐HNTs film and the coated Cu layer, and suppress the Cu corrosion by electrolyte. The prepared MPCCs exhibit a low mass density and only account about one‐fifth of the density of commercial Cu CCs. Furthermore, the PI‐HNTs‐Cu composite demonstrates significantly enhanced interfacial adhesion force doubled to 4 N cm−1 along with prolonged stability under electrolyte immersion and electrochemical reaction conditions, and delivers a high fracture strength of 125 MPa. LIBs assembled with MPCCs deliver a twice higher discharge capacity compared to battery with Cu CCs and reach a long‐term cycle capacity retention as high as 92.9% at 0.5 C after 500 cycles.
Light‐Induced Living Polymer Networks with Adaptive Functional Properties
Authors: Wei Shixuan , Smith‐Jones Julian , Lalisse Remy F. , Hestenes Julia C. , Chen Danyang , Danielsen Scott P. O. , Bell Rowina C. , Churchill Emily M. , Munich Naiara A. , Marbella Lauren E. , Gutierrez Osvaldo , Rubinstein Michael , Nelson Alshakim , Campos Luis M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advent of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) through the incorporation of dynamic covalent bonds has led to unprecedented properties of macromolecular systems, which can be engineered at the molecular level. Among the various types of stimuli that can be used to trigger chemical changes within polymer networks, light stands out for its remote and spatiotemporal control under ambient conditions. However, most examples of photoactive CANs need to be transparent and they exhibit slow response, side reactions, and limited light penetration. In this vein, it is interesting to understand how molecular engineering of optically active dynamic linkages that offer fast response to visible light can impart “living” characteristics to CANs, especially in opaque systems. Here, the use of carbazole‐based thiuram disulfides (CTDs) that offer dual reactivity as photoactivated reshuffling linkages and iniferters under visible light irradiation is reported. The fast response to visible light activation of the CTDs leads to temporal control of shape manipulation, healing, and chain extension in the polymer networks, despite the lack of optical transparency. This strategy charts a promising avenue for manipulating multifunctional photoactivated CANs in a controlled manner.
3D Woven Liquid Metals for Radio‐Frequency Stretchable Circuits
Authors: Rahman Md Saifur , Tiwari Anand P. , Agnew Simon A. , Scheideler William J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMechanically flexible and stretchable inductive coils are critical for enabling communication, sensing, and wireless power transfer capabilities in wearable electronics that conform to the body for healthcare and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Leading stretchable conductors such as liquid metals (LMs) offer conformability but sacrifice electromagnetic performance compared with Cu wires, leading to lossy radio‐frequency (RF) characteristics. Here, a strategy leveraging multistranded 3D woven ‘litz’ transmission lines is presented to amplify the resonant RF performance of LM inductors. Through comprehensive simulations and experiments, it is discovered that interwoven LM litz wires boost the Quality Factor (Q) by 80% compared to standard liquid metal wires. A fabrication methodology is also demonstrated for stretchable coils that retain high Q (>30), outperforming the previously reported LM coils and maintaining 98% of their wireless transmission efficiency under up to 30% biaxial strain. Moreover, the versatility of this approach is showcased by 3D printing four‐terminal ‘choke’ inductors optimized for RF filtering and inductance tunability, overcoming the fabrication limitations of traditional planar printed electronics. These results offer valuable insights into the design and implementation of 3D‐printed inductors for a diverse suite of electromagnetic device applications.
Coupling Exponential to Linear Amplification for Endpoint Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Kieffer Coline , Rondelez Yannick , Gines Guillaume 
Published: April 2024

AbstractExponential DNA amplification techniques are fundamental in ultrasensitive molecular diagnostics. These systems offer a wide dynamic range, but the quantification requires real‐time monitoring of the amplification reaction. Linear amplification schemes, despite their limited sensitivity, can achieve quantitative measurement from a single end‐point readout, suitable for low‐cost, point‐of‐care, or massive testing. Reconciling the sensitivity of exponential amplification with the simplicity of end‐point readout would thus break through a major design dilemma and open a route to a new generation of massively scalable quantitative bioassays. Here a hybrid nucleic acid‐based circuit design is introduced to compute a logarithmic function, therefore providing a wide dynamic range based on a single end‐point measurement. CELIA (Coupling Exponential amplification reaction to LInear Amplification) exploits a versatile biochemical circuit architecture to couple a tunable linear amplification stage – optionally embedding an inverter function – downstream of an exponential module in a one‐pot format. Applied to the detection of microRNAs, CELIA provides a limit of detection in the femtomolar range and a dynamic range of six decades. This isothermal approach bypasses thermocyclers without compromising sensitivity, thereby opening the way to applications in various diagnostic assays, and providing a simplified, cost‐efficient, and high throughput solution for quantitative nucleic acid analysis.
The aggregation effect of offshore mussel farming on pelagic fishes
Authors: Bridger Danielle , Attrill Martin J. , Rees Siân E. , Sheehan Emma V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increase in hard artificial structures in the marine environment is contributing to ocean sprawl. As well as adding hard structure to the seabed, mussel aquaculture adds rope droppers and anchor lines to the water column, where such structure would otherwise be absent. This paper aims to monitor the effects of mussel headlines on the pelagic fish community over time, as well as to investigate whether there is an interaction between the age of cultivated mussels with the number of epibiota species and the abundance of pelagic fishes. Two surveys were carried out: a time series monitoring survey to assess whether the mussel headlines change the surrounding fish species relative to control areas over time, and a fish aggregation device effect survey to investigate whether older and larger mussels support greater abundances of pelagic fishes and epibiota. The most abundant fish species was Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus, with significantly greater numbers recorded around ropes growing older mussels. Results from the surveys show that the physical farm infrastructure has provided a substrate for colonisation by a variety of epibiota: A total of 21 species were recorded growing on the mussel ropes. Furthermore, the older and larger the mussels become, the greater the numbers of epibiota taxa that can colonise, coupled with a greater abundance of pelagic fish recorded around the ropes. The sustainable development of offshore Blue Industries is essential to produce renewable resources. This study brings essential evidence for marine managers and regulators that offshore mussel farming can provide benefits for pelagic and benthic species of both conservation and commercial importance while producing sustainable protein to feed a growing population.
Data‐Driven Cz–Si Scale‐Up under Conditions of Partial Similarity
Authors: Dropka Natasha , Böttcher Klaus , Chappa Gagan Kumar , Holena Martin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn Cz–Si growth, the shape of the solid–liquid interface and the v/G ratio significantly impact crystal quality. This study utilizes a data‐driven approach, employing multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks and Bayesian optimization, to investigate the scale‐up process of Cz–Si under conditions of partial similarity. The focus is on exploring the influence of various process and furnace geometry parameters, as well as radiation shield material properties, on the critical measures of crystal quality. Axisymmetric CFD modeling produces 340 sets of 18D raw data, from which 14‐dimensionless derived data tuples are generated for the design and training of the MLP. The best MLP obtained demonstrates the ability to accurately assess the complex nonlinear dependencies among dimensionless numbers derived from CFD data and, on the output side, interface deflection and v/G. These relationships, crucial for scale‐up, are successfully generalized across a wide range of parameters.
Vision and hearing difficulty and effects of cognitive training in older adults
Authors: Huang Alison R. , Rebok George W. , Swenor Bonnielin K. , Deal Jennifer A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCognitive training is delivered visually and aurally. It is unknown whether self‐reported sensory difficulty modifies the effects of cognitive training on cognition.METHODSParticipants (N = 2788) in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Study were randomized to training in memory, reasoning, speed of processing, or control. Differences in the 10‐year effect of cognitive training on cognition by self‐reported vision and hearing difficulty were assessed using linear mixed effect models.RESULTSBenefit (intervention vs. control) of reasoning training was smaller among participants with versus without vision difficulty (difficulty: –0.25, 95% confidence interval: [–0.88, 0.39], no difficulty: 0.58 [0.28, 0.89]). Benefit of memory training was greater for participants with versus without hearing difficulty (difficulty: 0.17 [–0.37, 0.72], no difficulty: –0.20 [–0.65, 0.24]).DISCUSSIONOlder adults with sensory loss have increased risk for cognitive decline; benefits of cognitive training may be greater for these individuals. Sensory loss should be considered in training design.Highlights
Memory training was more beneficial for participants with hearing loss.
Participants with vision difficulties did not benefit as much from reasoning training.
Low accessibility in design and learned compensation strategies may contribute.
Consideration of sensory impairment in study design is needed.
Inclusion of older adults with sensory impairment in cognitive training is needed.
Exploring anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant‐related quality markers of Artemisia absinthium L. based on spectrum–effect relationship
Authors: Wubuli Ayixiamuguli , Abdulla Rahima , Zhao Jiangyu , Wu Tao , Aisa Haji Akber 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionArtemisia absinthium L. is a well‐known medicinal, aromatic, and edible plant with important medicinal and economic properties and a long history of use in treating liver inflammation and other diseases; however, there has been insufficient progress in quality control.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the quality markers for the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities of A. absinthium based on spectrum–effect relationship analysis.Materials and methodsEighteen batches of A. absinthium from different origins were used. Chemical fingerprints were obtained by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The chemical compositions were identified by quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Anti‐inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 and 15‐lipoxygenase in vitro and inhibition of nitric oxide release in lipopolysaccharide‐induced BV‐2 cells. Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The relationship between bioactivity and chemical fingerprints was then analyzed using chemometrics including gray relational analysis, bivariate correlation analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares analysis.ResultsDifferent batches of A. absinthium extracts possessed significant anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities to varying degrees. Eighty compounds were identified from A. absinthium, and 12 main common peaks were obtained from the UPLC fingerprints. P3 (chlorogenic acid), P5 (isochlorogenic acid A), and P6 (isochlorogenic acid C) were screened as the most promising active compounds by correlation analysis and further validated for their remarkable anti‐inflammatory effects.ConclusionThis is the first study to screen the quality markers of A. absinthium by establishing the spectrum–effect relationship, which can provide a reference for the development of quality standards and further research on A. absinthium.
Adaptive neural network fault‐tolerant control for uncertain non‐strict feedback nonlinear system with actuator faults and state constraints
Authors: Ma Lei , Wang Zhanshan , Huang Chao 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThis article studies a neural network (NN)‐based adaptive fault‐tolerant control (FTC) scheme for uncertain non‐strict feedback systems with time‐varying state constraints and actuator faults. The introduction of asymmetric Barrier‐Lyapunov function (BLF) makes controller design more difficult due to the emergence of actuator faults and state constraints. Therefore, this article designs a fault‐tolerant controller with constraint compensation information under the backstepping control design framework to solve the state constraint asymmetry problem caused by actuator failure. By designing an improved asymmetric time‐varying BLF, the design of the state‐constrained controller will become more realistic and the constraints will be weakened. In the design process, the characteristics of the radial basis function neural network are used to avoid the algebraic ring problem. Actuator failure in this article considers deviation failure and loss of effectiveness. Based on the properties of the exponential function, the improved BLF can make the bounds of the state constraints smaller and smaller, and the bounds of the constraints can change with the desired trajectory. Simulation verified the feasibility of this control method.
Multi‐Objective Optimization for Rapid Identification of Novel Compound Metals for Interconnect Applications
Authors: Ramdas Akash , Zhou Guanyu , Li Yansong , Lu Ping‐Lien , Antoniuk Evan R. , Reed Evan J. , Hinkle Christopher L. , da Jornada Felipe H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInterconnect materials play the critical role of routing energy and information in integrated circuits. However, established bulk conductors, such as copper, perform poorly when scaled down beyond 10 nm, limiting the scalability of logic devices. Here, a multi‐objective search is developed, combined with first‐principles calculations, to rapidly screen over 15,000 materials and discover new interconnect candidates. This approach simultaneously optimizes the bulk electronic conductivity, surface scattering time, and chemical stability using physically motivated surrogate properties accessible from materials databases. Promising local interconnects are identified that have the potential to outperform ruthenium, the current state‐of‐the‐art post‐Cu material, and also semi‐global interconnects with potentially large skin depths at the GHz operation frequency. The approach is validated on one of the identified candidates, CoPt, using both ab initio and experimental transport studies, showcasing its potential to supplant Ru and Cu for future local interconnects.
4D Printed Soft Microactuator for Particle Manipulation via Surrounding Medium Variation
Authors: Zheng Jianchen , Yu Haibo , Zhang Yuzhao , Wang Jingang , Guo Hongji , Luo Hao , Wang Xiaoduo , Qiu Ye , Liu Lianqing , Li Wen Jung 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSoft actuators have assumed vital roles in a diverse number of research and application fields, driving innovation and transformative advancements. Using 3D molding of smart materials and combining these materials through structural design strategies, a single soft actuator can achieve multiple functions. However, it is still challenging to realize soft actuators that possess high environmental adaptability while capable of different tasks. Here, the response threshold of a soft actuator is modulated by precisely tuning the ratio of stimulus‐responsive groups in hydrogels. By combining a heterogeneous bilayer membrane structure and in situ multimaterial printing, the obtained soft actuator deformed in response to changes in the surrounding medium. The response medium is suitable for both biotic and abiotic environments, and the response rate is fast. By changing the surrounding medium, the precise capture, manipulation, and release of micron‐sized particles of different diameters in 3D are realized. In addition, static capture of a single red blood cell is realized using biologically responsive medium changes. Finally, the experimental results are well predicted using finite element analysis. It is believed that with further optimization of the structure size and autonomous navigation platform, the proposed soft microactuator has significant potential to function as an easy‐to‐manipulate multifunctional robot.
Introduction
Authors: Cappello Gianna , Siino Marianna , Fernandes Natália , Arciniega-Cáceres Mittzy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis book presents the empirical findings collected during the case studies developed withing the Horizon 2020 research project SMOOTH—Educational Spaces. Passing through Enclosures and Reversing Inequalities through Educational Commons. The project involved a partnership of 12 entities (11 universities and one museum) located in 8 European countries: Belgium, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Sweden. Third Parties (schools, NGOs, and local authorities) were also included in the research fieldwork. The overarching goal of the SMOOTH project was to comprehend, foster, and expedite the potential influence of education in addressing and reversing inequalities, especially those experienced by people (young and adults) belonging to vulnerable groups at risk, hence preventing and reducing social isolation, marginalisation, political frustration, fundamentalism and extremism, insecurity, and fear among these groups. This was achieved by introducing the emerging concept of the commons as an alternative framework of values and actions within preschools, schools, and afterschool programs, focusing on the interactions among children and youth, as well as between children and youth and adults, within an utterly relational context.
Pulicaria gnaphalodes-assisted green synthesis of NiFe2O4@ZnO nanocomposites for sustainable remediation of an antibiotic from aqueous solution
Authors: Derakhshani Elham , Naghizadeh Ali , Mortazavi-Derazkola Sobhan , Yousefinia Ali 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, the NiFe2O4@ZnO nanocomposite was synthesized in a simple, accessible and affordable method using Pulicaria gnaphalodes plant extract as a reducing agent. The structural characteristics of this nanocomposite were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. TEM micrograph confirmed the formation of spherical and cubic spinel ferrite with average dimensions of 75–85 nm. Some parameters such as pH, dose of NiFe2O4@ZnO nanocomposite, concentration of penicillin G and reaction time to reach optimal conditions were investigated. According to the results of the present research, the photocatalyst process along with the use of NiFe2O4@ZnO nanocomposite as an oxidizing agent is an effective method in degradation of the penicillin G antibiotic from aqueous solutions.