bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field evaluation of a canine parvovirus vaccination program, using feline origin modified live virus vaccine
Authors: Gordon John C. , Rogers William A. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Antibody titers measured by hemagglutination inhibition testing were determined in previously vaccinated dogs at the time of booster vaccination and 2 weeks later. All vaccines consisted of modified live panleukopenia virus. The booster injection was administered approximately 6 months after the initial parvovirus vaccination series was given. Fecal and serum specimens were collected immediately before and 2 weeks after administration of the booster vaccine for hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition testing, respectively. All dogs were privately owned and were from the Columbus, Ohio, area but were from environments with various exposure potentials to canine parvovirus.
Results of hemagglutination (ha) testing on feces were negative in all dogs before and after booster vaccination. Therefore, these vaccinations did not interfere with interpretation of ha testing of feces.
Results of serum hemagglutination inhibition (hi) testing indicated that 50% of the dogs had serum titers <1:80 prior to vaccination and that, of these dogs, 65.2% still had serum titers <1:80 2 weeks after the booster vaccination. Only 10.9% of all dogs had a marked increase in serum hi titer after the booster vaccination, indicating that overall serologic response to vaccination was poor. High hi titers (≥1:640) were associated with exposure to other dogs and cats in the neighborhood or to dogs suspected of having had parvovirus infection.
Chronic active hepatitis in Doberman Pinschers
Authors: Johnson Gerald F. , Zawie Dennis A. , Gilbertson Steven R. , Sternlieb Irmin 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Eleven Doberman Pinschers were affected with a disease that had clinical signs, serum biochemical abnormalities, and histologic features of chronic active hepatitis. Intrahepatic cholestasis and accumulations of excess hepatic copper were prominent features. Most of the dogs deteriorated within weeks to months, and 6 died within 9 months after the 1st signs of disease were noticed.
Skunk rabies surveillance in Illinois
Authors: Bartlett Paul C. , Martin Russell J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Surveillance data indicated that an increased incidence of skunk rabies in Illinois during 1979–1980 was not attributable to increased reporting or submission of skunks to the state laboratories for rabies examination. Available road-kill data suggested that the skunk population increased prior to the increase in skunk rabies incidence. An increased skunk population was hypothesized to have caused the increased incidence by facilitating transmission of the virus through increased skunk density. Analysis of the temporal distribution of skunk rabies revealed a bimodal seasonal cycle, with peak occurrence in the spring and fall, and the possible beginning of a secular cycle, with peak incidence every 6 to 8 years.
Generalized parvovirus disease in neonatal pups
Authors: Lenghaus Cornelis , Studdert Michael J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Generalized canine parvovirus disease was diagnosed in a litter of pups that died when 3 to 9 days old. Parvovirus was isolated from the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, and small intestine. Histologically, lesions were characterized by hemorrhage and necrosis in the brain, liver, lungs, kidneys, lymphoid tissues, and gastrointestinal mucosa. Intranuclear inclusions were found in vascular endothelium, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, adrenal cortex, and gastrointestinal tract.
Echocardiographic assessment of mitral valve motion, cardiac structures, and ventricular function in dogs with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wingfield Wayne E. , Boon June , Miller Charles W. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Eleven dogs with atrial fibrillation were examined echocardiographically. During atrial fibrillation, there was no evidence of atrial contraction in the left ventricle or aorta, or on the mitral valve leaflets. Measurement of cardiac structures in echocardiograms showed decreased sizes for the aorta	(P < 0.01), interventricular septum (P <0.01), and posterior left ventricular wall (P <0.02). Evidence of decreased contractility of the left ventricle was noticed with the decreased amplitude of motion of the posterior left ventricular wall (P <0.001) and decreased fractional shortening (P <0.01). Not every QRS resulted in systolic or diastolic motion in the mitral and aortic valve leaflets, thus helping to account for the pulse deficits normally seen during atrial fibrillation.
Renal amyloidosis in related Abyssinian cats
Authors: Chew D. J. , DiBartola S. P. , Boyce J. T , Gasper P. W. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Renal amyloidosis was diagnosed in 8 related Abyssinian cats. The kidneys were characterized pathologically by medullary interstitial and glomerular amyloid deposition, interstitial fibrosis, and papillary necrosis. Amyloid deposits were birefringent under polarized light after Congo red staining, were thioflavine-T positive, and lost Congo red staining after permanganate oxidation. Four of the cats were evaluated clinically. Two of these cats were terminally uremic, with nonregenerative anemia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis, mild hyperglycemia, isosthenuria, proteinuria, cylindruria, and mild hematuria. The remaining 2 cats were only moderately azotemic. Three of the cats had severe gingivitis and all 4 cats had hyperproteinemia due to hyperglobulinemia.
Acid-base and electrolyte disturbances in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus
Authors: Muir William W. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Blood samples from 57 dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus were analyzed for acid-base, blood gas Po2, Pco2), and electrolyte abnormalities. Although a variety of pH, blood gas, and electrolyte disturbances were recorded, metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia were common findings. Three dogs had hypochloremic-hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. Attempts to correlate the severity of pH, blood gas, and electrolyte derangements with duration of disease, heart rate, respiratory rate, or a mathematical index based on the sum of these variables were unsuccessful. It was included that acid-base and fluid therapy for dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus should be based on accurate determinations of blood pH and serum bicarbonate and electrolyte concentrations.
Use of a bone plate for repair of proximal physeal fractures of the tibia in two foals
Authors: White N. A. , Blackwell R. B. , Hoffman P. E. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Salter-Harris type II proximal tibial fractures were repaired in two 1-month-old foals, using a dynamic compression plate. The plate was placed on the medial aspect of the tibia, and a single cancellous bone screw was used to reduce the proximal fragment displacement. The plate provided fixation during healing and functioned as a transphyseal bridge, which induced a disparity in growth and corrected a slight lateral angulation of the limb. Limb growth after plate removal was normal.
Hepatic cirrhosis associated with long-term anticonvulsant drug therapy in dogs
Authors: Bunch S. E. , Castleman W. L. , Hornbuckle W. E. , Tennant B. C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Advanced chronic hepatic disease was observed in 5 dogs that had received anticonvulsant drug therapy for 2 to 3 years. Clinical signs included anorexia, weakness, and restlessness, and 2 dogs also had ascites. There were remarkable increases in the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transferase. The total serum bile acid concentration was high in 3 of 4 dogs that were tested. Sulfobromophthalein excretion was delayed in all dogs. Histologic examination of liver specimens from 4 of the dogs demonstrated macronodular or micronodular cirrhosis.
Seasonal variations in scrotal circumference, sperm quality, and sexual ability in rams
Authors: Mickelsen W. Duane , Paisley Larry G. , Dahmen Jerome J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Seasonal variations in scrotal circumference, spermatozoal motility, morphologically normal spermatozoa, libido, and serving capacity were studied in Suffolk, Lincoln, Columbia, and Polypay rams (5 of each breed). There were marked seasonal variations in the scrotal circumference, morphologically normal spermatozoa, libido, and serving capacity for each of the breed types. Mean scrotal circumference was highest from August through October and lowest in February. Spermatozoa that were morphologically normal were highest in proportion in September (82.3%) and lowest in proportion in February (57.8%). Libido and serving capacity scores were highest from September through November and lowest in March.
Endoscopic findings in the upper respiratory tract of 479 horses
Authors: Raphel Corinne F. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A flexible fiberoptic endoscope was used to examine the upper respiratory tract of 479 horses and 41 (8.6%) had abnormalities. Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (plh) was found in 141 horses (29.5%). Statistical analysis showed a relationship between the age of the horse and the prevalence of plh. Sixteen (3.3%), 10 (2.1%), and 6 (1.3%), of the horses had laryngeal hemiplegia, epiglottic entrapment, and dorsal displacement of the soft palate, respectively. There was no association between the age of the horse and the prevalence of any of these abnormalities; nor was there a positive correlation between the prevalence of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage and plh or laryngeal hemiplegia.
Antimicrobial resistance among Pasteurella spp recovered from Missouri and iowa cattle with bovine respiratory disease complex
Authors: Pales W. H. , Selby L. A. , Webber J. J. , Hoffman L. J. , Kintner L. D. , Nelson S. L. , Miller R. B. , Thorne J. G. , McGinity J. T. , Smith D. K. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Pasteurella spp recovered from cattle with bovine respiratory disease complex. The study extended from January 1976 through May 1980, and included a review of the necropsy records of 386 beef cattle. Susceptibility or resistance of the Pasteurella isolants was determined by using the standard disk diffusion susceptibility test. Each isolant was tested for susceptibility with 15 different antimicrobial agents. A high prevalence of resistance (> 80%) was found when Pasteurella was tested with triple sulfonamides. For P haemolytica isolants, 57% to 70% were resistant to ampicillin (56/97), penicillin (58/101), and streptomycin (70/100); for unidentified Pasteurella spp isolants, 64% to 91% were resistant to ampicillin (83/129), penicillin (89/129), and streptomycin (118/129). For P haemolytica (21/100) and P multocida (34/146) isolants, 21% to 23% were resistant to tetracycline. Most of the P multocida isolants did not show marked antimicrobial resistance to 9 of the 15 drugs tested. However, 58% of the P multocida isolants (84/145) were resistant to streptomycin and 88% of them were resistant to three combined sulfonamides (126/144).
Nutritional myodegeneration in a group of Chianina heifers
Authors: Hutchinson Lawrence J. , Scholz Richard W. , Drake Thomas R. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
A group of yearling Chianina heifers experienced abortion, stillbirth, and periparturient recumbency. Two heifers calved 3 to 4 weeks before their due date. Eight calves were stillborn or died within 48 hours after birth. Seven heifers died or were euthanatized.
Necropsy and blood and tissue analyses revealed myodegeneration and a combined deficiency of vitamin E and selenium. Rapid growth in these heifers coupled with the stresses of late pregnancy and parturition may have contributed to this episode of nutritional myodegeneration.
Treatment of canine epilepsy with primidone
Authors: Schwartz-Porsche Dorothea , Löscher W. , Frey H.-H. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Forty-seven dogs with a history of generalized recurrent seizures were treated with primidone at a daily oral dosage of 13 to 100 mg/kg of body weight, divided into 2 to 3 doses. During treatment, plasma concentrations of primidone and its metabolites, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide, were determined at irregular intervals. Of the 30 dogs that finally could be evaluated, 20 were brought to excellent or good control of their seizures by daily primidone dosages ranging from 13 to 17 mg/kg and at plasma phenobarbital concentrations of 6 to 37 μg/ml. Of the other 10 dogs, 5 improved to a minor extent and 5 did not improve at all.
It was concluded that treatment of seizures should start with a daily dosage of 10 to 15 mg/kg, with the dosage being increased to about 35 mg/kg within a few weeks. For dogs in which the seizures are not controlled by this dosage, a further increase should be tried until a plasma phenobarbital concentration of 30 to 40 μg/ml is reached or until signs of drug toxicosis develop. Monitoring of plasma phenobarbital concentrations is sufficient for the control of treatment with primidone.
Acute renal disorders in cattle: A retrospective study of 22 cases
Authors: Divers T. J. , Crowell W. A. , Duncan J. R. , Whitlock R. H. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Acute renal disorders were diagnosed in 22 cattle examined at the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Toxic tubular nephrosis caused by acorns, arsenic, sulfonamides, or neomycin was the most frequent renal disorder. Other acute renal disorders were renal infarction, renal vein thrombosis, and pyelonephritis caused by Corynebacterium renaleand Escherichia coli. Some disorders were associated with salmonellosis or ruminal distention.
The most common clinical signs were inappetence, diarrhea, and bleeding diathesis. Calcium-responsive recumbency occurred in 3 of the cattle. Polyuria was thought to be a consequence of acute tubular nephrosis in many cattle so affected.
Serum creatinine content was high in all cattle. Serum urea nitrogen content appeared to be comparable with serum creatinine content as an index of glomerular filtration rate. Other frequent biochemical findings were hypochloremia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperphosphatemia, hypermagnesemia, high plasma fibrinogen content, metabolic alkalosis, and prolonged partial thromboplastin time. Hematuria was found in cattle with renal infarction, renal vein thrombosis, sulfonamide nephrosis, and pyelonephritis. Marked proteinuria was found only in cattle with hematuria. Pyuria and bacteriuria were found only with pyelonephritis. Granular casts in the urine sediment were found in early cases of tubular nephrosis.
In 21 of the cattle, renal dysfunction was diagnosed on the basis of azotemia and urine specific gravity of less than 1.022. Seventeen renal biopsies were performed, with a major complication (hematuria) occurring in only 1 cow. In all of the cattle, renal disease was confirmed by means of microscopic examination of renal tissue obtained by renal biopsy or at necropsy. Successful treatment of toxic tubular nephrosis was accomplished in 4 cattle by removal of a toxic substance and by volume fluid replacements containing sodium, chloride, potassium, and calcium. Two cattle with septic renal disorders (pyelonephritis and renal infarction) recovered following parenteral administration of appropriate antimicrobial drugs and isotonic fluids. All cattle with renal vein thrombosis or Salmonella-associated tubular nephrosis died. In this series of cases, the site of the lesion and the cause and duration of the disease dictated the prognosis more accurately than did the degree of azotemia.
Hypercalcemia associated with hypoadrenocorticism in sixteen dogs
Authors: Peterson Mark E. , Feinman Jeffrey M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
During a 3-year-period, hypercalcemia was found in 16 (28%) of 62 dogs with hypoadrenocorticism. Thirteen of the dogs were hypercalcemic at the time of diagnosis, whereas hypercalcemia developed at relapse during maintenance corticosteroid therapy in 3 dogs. The severity of hypercalcemia correlated with the severity of hypoadrenocorticism. Clinical signs and biochemical disturbances were more severe and mean calcium concentration was significantly higher in the dogs that were hypercalcemic at time of diagnosis than in the dogs that became hypercalcemic while on therapy. In all dogs, the high calcium concentration promptly and completely resolved with adequate corticosteroid replacement therapy.
Middle ear infection in feedlot lambs
Authors: Jensen Rue , Pierson R. E. , Weibel J. L. , Tucker J. O. , Swift B. L. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Of 133 feedlot lambs that died and were necropsied, 67 had normal lungs and 66 had pneumonic lungs. The middle ears of all lambs were opened by a specified technique. Of the 67, 8 (12%) had otitis media, and of the 66, 26 (39%) had otitis media. The difference in prevalence in the 2 groups was highly significant (P< 0.005).
In acute stages, the mucosae of tympanic cavities and tympanic membranes were inflamed and the cavities contained fluid, whereas in later stages lumens were partially filled with exudate. In chronic stages, however, exudate remained in lumens and mucosae were thick and rough. None of the tympanic membranes was ruptured, and none of the external acoustic meatuses contained exudate.
The infected ears of 24 lambs were cultured and Pasteurella haemolytica was isolated from 18, and P multocida from 3. The infections probably ascended from the pharynx through the auditive tubes into the tympanic cavities.
Osteomyelitis and neoplasia associated with use of the Jonas intramedullary splint in small animals
Authors: Sinibaldi Kenneth R. , Pugh James , Rosen Howard , Liu Si-Kwang 
Published: February 2025

Summary
In 11 cases (10 dogs, 1 cat) in which fractures were repaired with the Jonas intramedullary splint, osteomyelitis developed in 6 and tumors developed in 5. In each case, the tumor originated in close proximity to the splint, at the midshaft of the femur or radius. All implants had been in place for 6 months to 6 years in the case of tumors, and for 4 months to 6 years in the cases involving osteomyelitis. Corrosion was evident in all retrieved implants. The corrosion was attributed to fabrication of the devices with a corrosion-susceptible stainless steel, AISI type 304. The corrosion was believed to have been accelerated by stress effect due to differences in cold work of the sleeve and pin and the difference in composition between the sleeve and spring of the splint. It was concluded that fixation of fractures in small animals should not be performed with the Jonas intramedullary splint.
Chemotherapeutic responses in dogs with lymphosarcoma and hypercalcemia
Authors: Weller R. E. , Theilen G. H. , Madewell B. R. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Twelve dogs with lymphosarcoma and hypercalcemia were treated over a period of 36 months. Signs and laboratory findings were referable to hypercalcemia and azotemia. All dogs were staged, classified histologically, and given cytoreductive chemotherapy, using 5 drugs (vincristine sulfate, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide, L-asparaginase, and prednisone). For azotemia, symptomatic therapy (0.9% NaCl solution and furosemide) was given. Seven dogs responded completely, with marked reduction of lymphadenopathy and return of serum calcium concentration to normal. Median duration of remission in this group was 48 days (range, 14 to 93), and median survival time was 112 days (range, 85 to 153). Five nonresponding dogs had less than 50% reduction in measurable tumor mass, although serum calcium concentration returned to normal. The median survival time for this group was 34 days (range, 23 to 68). Two of the nonresponders died from sepsis and another from disseminated intravascular coagulation. Response to therapy did not appear to be influenced by age, breed, sex, initial calcium concentration, degree of azotemia, or histologic classification.
Development of a modified live, canine origin parvovirus vaccine
Authors: Bass E. P. , Gill M. A. , Beckenhauer W. H. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A modified live, canine origin parvovirus vaccine was tested for safety, efficacy, and clinical performance. The vaccine protected dogs from challenge of immunity with canine parvovirus (cpv) that caused clinical illness in all nonvaccinated dogs. Vaccinates all developed cpv serum neutralization antibody titers, with a mean value of 1,664. Challenge virus was not isolated from vaccinates, but feces from nonvaccinated dogs were cpv-positive for up to 4 days following challenge. In a pathogenicity test, dogs inoculated orally with 10 times the label dose remained clinically normal. In a reversion-to-virulence test, the vaccine strain remained nonpathogenic through 6 passages in seronegative test dogs. An immunologic interference test demonstrated that test dogs developed antibodies for all antigens in a combined canine distemper virus-adenovirus 2-para-influenza virus-parvovirus vaccine and a Leptospira interrogans serovars canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae bacterin. A total of 1,796 doses of the multivalent preparation was administered in a field study, with veterinary practitioners reporting 36 local and 5 generalized reactions.
Hypercoagulable state in three dogs with nephrotic syndrome: Role of acquired antithrombin III deficiency
Authors: Green R. A. , Kabel A. L. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The hypercoagulable state accompanying nephrotic syndrome in 3 dogs was characterized by markedly increased fibrinogen and factor VIII concentrations. Antithrombin III was mildly reduced in 1 dog (74% of normal) and markedly reduced in the other 2 dogs (48% and 32% of normal). In the dog with the most severe antithrombin III deficiency, pulmonary thrombosis was a prominent clinical problem, ultimately leading to the dog's death.
Structure and function of the major histocompatibility complex in domestic animals
Authors: Antczak Douglas F. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a genetic region that has been intensively studied for the past 2 decades. Interest in the mhc has been high because of (i) the particular involvement of the mhcin transplantation reactions, including organ allograft rejection in human beings; and (ii) the more general role of mhc gene products in the genetic control of immune responses in all mammals.
The mhc has several remarkable properties that include a distinctive genetic structure which has been well-preserved through evolution, and the extreme plasticity of form of the principal mhc genes, which can coexist within a single species in 30 or more allelic forms. The genes of the mhc regulate cell-cell interactions of various types within the lymphoreticular system, and thus function as the so-called “immune response” genes that have been described in mice, rats, and guinea pigs. In human beings, the “disease associations” demonstrated between mhc alleles and various pathologic conditions are probably manifestations of abnormal functions of immune regulation governed by the mhc. Studies of the mhc in domestic species are still in their infancy. However, investigations of the mhc have been carried out in swine, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, dogs, and chickens. Further research on the mhc of domestic animals is merited, both for its contribution to the overall understanding of the biological significance of the mhc and for its practical application in clinical veterinary medicine.