bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of critical process control parameters in MEX additive manufacturing of high-performance polyethylenimine: energy expenditure, mechanical expectations, and productivity aspects
Authors: Vidakis Nectarios , Petousis Markos , Spiridaki Mariza , Mountakis Nikolaos , Moutsopoulou Amalia , Kymakis Emmanuel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe demand for 3D-printed high-performance polymers (HPPs) is on the rise across sectors such as the defense, aerospace, and automotive industries. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) exhibits exceptional mechanical performance, thermal stability, and wear resistance. Herein, six generic and device-independent control parameters, that is, the infill percentage, deposition angle, layer height, travel speed, nozzle temperature, and bed temperature, were quantitatively evaluated for their impact on multiple response metrics related to energy consumption and mechanical strength. The balance between energy consumption and mechanical strength was investigated for the first time, contributing to the sustainability of the PEI material in 3D printing. This is critical considering that HPPs require high temperatures to be built using the 3D printing method. PEI filaments were fabricated and utilized in material extrusion 3D printing of 125 specimens for 25 different experimental runs (five replicates per run). The divergent impacts of the control parameters on the response metrics throughout the experimental course have been reported. The real weight of the samples varies from 1.06 to 1.82 g (71%), the real printing time from 214 to 2841 s (~ 1300%), the ultimate tensile strength from 15.17 up to 80.73 MPa (530%), and the consumed energy from 0.094 to 1.44 MJ (1500%). The regression and reduced quadratic equations were validated through confirmation runs (10 additional specimens). These outcomes have excessive engineering and industrial merit in determining the optimum control parameters, ensuring the sustainability of the process, and the desired functionality of the products.
Graphical Abstract
Global Hyperbolicity through the Eyes of the Null Distance
Authors: Burtscher Annegret , García-Heveling Leonardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNo Hopf–Rinow Theorem is possible in Lorentzian Geometry. Nonetheless, we prove that a spacetime is globally hyperbolic if and only if it is metrically complete with respect to the null distance of a time function. Our approach is based on the observation that null distances behave particularly well for weak temporal functions in terms of regularity and causality. Specifically, we also show that the null distances of Cauchy temporal functions and regular cosmological time functions encode causality globally.
Gaussian Fluctuations for the Stochastic Burgers Equation in Dimension $$d\ge 2$$
Authors: Cannizzaro Giuseppe , Gubinelli Massimiliano , Toninelli Fabio 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe goal of the present paper is to establish a framework which allows to rigorously determine the large-scale Gaussian fluctuations for a class of singular SPDEs at and above criticality, and therefore beyond the range of applicability of pathwise techniques, such as the theory of Regularity Structures. To this purpose, we focus on a d-dimensional generalization of the Stochastic Burgers equation (SBE) introduced in van Beijeren et al. (Phys Rev Lett 54(18):2026–2029, 1985. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.2026). In both the critical $$d=2$$

d
=
2

and super-critical $$d\ge 3$$

d
≥
3

cases, we show that the scaling limit of (the regularised) SBE is given by a stochastic heat equation with non-trivially renormalised coefficient, introducing a set of tools that we expect to be applicable more widely. For $$d\ge 3$$

d
≥
3

the scaling adopted is the classical diffusive one, while in $$d=2$$

d
=
2

it is the so-called weak coupling scaling which corresponds to tuning down the strength of the interaction in a scale-dependent way.
Geriatric chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) mimicking multifocal multiple myeloma: a first in an octogenarian
Authors: Sgaglione Jonathan , Muran Andrew , Rhode Matthew , Goodman Howard J. , Edelman Morris C. , Shah Suhail Ahmed , Greenberg Andrew S. , Kenan Shachar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), an autoinflammatory bone disorder characterized by non-bacterial osteomyelitis causing recurrent multifocal bone lesions, is a well-known, yet uncommon pediatric condition that rarely affects adults; to date, it has never been diagnosed over the age of 75. The following report will discuss the first octogenarian diagnosed with CRMO and therefore represents an exceptionally rare presentation of a rare disease. An 83-year-old woman presented with progressive right shoulder, forearm, and hip pain, with associated weight loss and global weakness, requiring a wheelchair for mobility. Imaging revealed a pathologic right ulna fracture in addition to lytic lesions of the right proximal humerus and proximal femur. The clinical picture was thus that of a patient with probable multiple myeloma versus metastatic disease. After an extensive workup, however, the lesions were not malignant; histologic findings were instead suggestive of chronic osteomyelitis with negative cultures. Given the multifocal nature of this condition, combined with a lack of clinical symptoms of infection, a diagnosis of CRMO was rendered. The patient underwent intramedullary nailing of the right femur and splinting of the ulna, with a subsequent remarkable recovery to painless ambulation, complete union of the right ulna fracture, and resolution of the lytic lesions without receiving any targeted medical treatment. This case highlights the importance of maintaining CRMO on the differential for multifocal skeletal lesions, regardless of age. Performing a thorough workup with necessary imaging, biopsy, and culture are critical to establishing this diagnosis, which can only made as a diagnosis of exclusion.
The prevalence of neutropenia and association with infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a Swedish single-center study conducted over 14 years
Authors: Saleh Muna , Sjöwall Johanna , Bendtsen Marcus , Sjöwall Christopher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHematologic abnormalities are common manifestations of SLE, although neutropenia is observed less frequently and is not included in the classification criteria. Nonetheless, neutropenia is a risk factor for infections, especially those caused by bacteria or fungi. We aimed to evaluate the impact of neutropenia in SLE through a systematic investigation of all infections in a large cohort of well-characterized patients, focusing on neutropenia, lymphopenia, and hypocomplementemia. Longitudinal clinical and laboratory parameters obtained at visits to the Rheumatology Unit, Linköping University Hospital, and linked data on all forms of healthcare utilization for all the subjects included in our regional SLE register during 2008–2022 were assessed. Data regarding confirmed infections were retrieved from the medical records. Overall, 333 patients were included and monitored during 3,088 visits to a rheumatologist during the study period. In total, 918 infections were identified, and 94 occasions of neutropenia (ANC < 1.5 × 109/L) were detected in 40 subjects (12%). Thirty neutropenic episodes in 15 patients occurred in association with infections, of which 13 (43%) required in-hospital care, 4 (13%) needed intensive care, and 1 (3%) resulted in death. Bayesian analysis showed that patients with ≥ 1 occasion of neutropenia were more likely to experience one or more infections (OR = 2.05; probability of association [POA] = 96%). Both invasiveness (OR = 7.08; POA = 98%) and severity (OR = 2.85; POA = 96%) of the infections were significantly associated with the present neutropenia. Infections are common among Swedish SLE patients, 12% of whom show neutropenia over time. Importantly, neutropenia is linked to both the invasiveness and severity of infections. Awareness of the risks of severe infections in neutropenic patients is crucial to tailor therapies to prevent severe illness and death.
SINGV-RCM: the convection-permitting regional climate model for Singapore
Authors: Prasanna Venkatraman , Dipankar Anurag , Liu Jianyu , Lim Gerald , Moise Aurel , Chua Xin Rong , Sanchez Claudio , Chen Chen , Yu Jianjun , Raavi Harika Pavan , Luo Fei , Hassim Muhammad Eeqmal , Sahany Sandeep , Webster Stuart 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of the Singapore regional climate model (SINGV-RCM) is documented in this study. The model’s skill in predicting mean and extreme rainfall over the Maritime Continent at 8 km and 2 km grid resolution is assessed using observed rainfall. The model’s sensitivity to vertical grid and convection parametrization is also evaluated. Results demonstrate the added value of downscaling to 8 and 2 km. The spatial and temporal characteristic of the diurnal rainfall is shown to be in good agreement with the observation. The model also demonstrates skill in capturing extreme rainfall. In general, the rainfall in the 8 km and 2 km simulations are quite similar, when regrided to a coarser resolution. Even then, the convection-permitting simulation at 2 km is found to add value over the 8 km simulation, particularly in capturing the higher rainfall thresholds. Mean biases over the ocean is found to be larger than that over the land, which suggests the need to further tune SINGV-RCM for long climate simulations.
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the maxillary sinus extending into the contralateral nasal cavity
Authors: Nakamura Masahiro , Anzai Takashi , Ishimizu Erina , Ashikawa Karin , Inoshita Ayako , Takata Yusuke , Matsumoto Fumihiko 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) predominantly occurs in the subcutaneous and dermal regions and rarely originates from the sinonasal mucosa.

Case presentation
We report on the case of a 58-year-old male patient who presented with progressive bilateral nasal obstruction, left-sided epiphora, and intermittent epistaxis. Computed tomography revealed a soft tissue opacity in the left maxillary sinus with intersinusoidal nasal wall demineralization, extending into the surrounding ethmoid cells and the right nasal cavity through a contralateral deviation of the nasal septum. Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging further confirmed these findings. The IPEH originating from the maxillary sinus extended into the contralateral nasal cavity, and it was successfully removed using an endoscopic endonasal approach, avoiding overly aggressive treatment.

Conclusion
This case report highlights the diagnostic challenges of IPEH in the sinonasal region and the importance of considering IPEH as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with nasal obstruction, epiphora, and intermittent epistaxis.
Genetics of ischemic stroke functional outcome
Authors: Carnwath Troy P. , Demel Stacie L. , Prestigiacomo Charles J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIschemic stroke, which accounts for 87% of cerebrovascular accidents, is responsible for massive global burden both in terms of economic cost and personal hardship. Many stroke survivors face long-term disability—a phenotype associated with an increasing number of genetic variants. While clinical variables such as stroke severity greatly impact recovery, genetic polymorphisms linked to functional outcome may offer physicians a unique opportunity to deliver personalized care based on their patient’s genetic makeup, leading to improved outcomes. A comprehensive catalogue of the variants at play is required for such an approach. In this review, we compile and describe the polymorphisms associated with outcome scores such as modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index. Our search identified 74 known genetic polymorphisms spread across 48 features associated with various poststroke disability metrics. The known variants span diverse biological systems and are related to inflammation, vascular homeostasis, growth factors, metabolism, the p53 regulatory pathway, and mitochondrial variation. Understanding how these variants influence functional outcome may be helpful in maximizing poststroke recovery.
Gross-total resection in optic nerve sheath meningiomas: minimally invasive and cosmetic pleasing
Authors: Dai Qin , Li Xinyu , Fang Yenan , Shen Bingyan , Wei Jinfei , Xie Qiqi , Wu Wencan , Wang Min 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM) is one of the most challenging tumors in orbital surgery. From the perspective of mental health and patient needs, we analyzed the necessity and importance of the endoscopic transnasal approach (ETA) combined with optic nerve transection (ONT) in gross-total resection (GTR) in ONSM patients with residual vision and aim to broaden the use of ONT for specific people.

Methods
The authors included patients with ONSMs who were treated between 2014 and 2022. We divided those cases into two groups named ETA group and lateral orbitotomy approach (LOA) group. We present the application of ETA and analyze the preoperative indication of the ONT and compared the advantages and disadvantages between ETA and LOA. The degree of tumor resection was based on imaging and surgical evaluation.

Results
A total of 23 patients with ONSM were included. Sixteen patients underwent ETA, and seven underwent LOA. Among ETA cases, GTR was achieved in 14 patients with ONT and most patients maintained normal eye movement function (75%) and morphology (93.75%). In the ETA group, 14 patients experienced vision loss, while two other patients saw improvements in vision. And proptosis was alleviated (5.20 ± 2.34 vs 0.27 ± 0.46, p < 0.0001). Six patients with blindness and proptosis of the LOA group resulted in GTR with ONT and ophthalmectomy. Although intracranial extension and recurrence included no cases in the two groups, a significant psychological gap was presented due to cosmetic problems.

Conclusions
Under the premise of reducing damage and improving aesthetics, the selection of ETA combined with ONT to gross-total resect ONSMs successfully provides a minimally invasive access with acceptable complications. As an important adjunct to GTR in the surgical treatment of ONSM, the scope of ONT application should be expanded to relieve the patient’s psychological burden.
Large language models as decision aids in neuro-oncology: a review of shared decision-making applications
Authors: Lawson McLean Aaron , Wu Yonghui , Lawson McLean Anna C. , Hristidis Vagelis 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShared decision-making (SDM) is crucial in neuro-oncology, fostering collaborations between patients and healthcare professionals to navigate treatment options. However, the complexity of neuro-oncological conditions and the cognitive and emotional burdens on patients present significant barriers to achieving effective SDM. This discussion explores the potential of large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's ChatGPT and Google's Bard to overcome these barriers, offering a means to enhance patient understanding and engagement in their care. LLMs, by providing accessible, personalized information, could support but not supplant the critical insights of healthcare professionals. The hypothesis suggests that patients, better informed through LLMs, may participate more actively in their treatment choices. Integrating LLMs into neuro-oncology requires navigating ethical considerations, including safeguarding patient data and ensuring informed consent, alongside the judicious use of AI technologies. Future efforts should focus on establishing ethical guidelines, adapting healthcare workflows, promoting patient-oriented research, and developing training programs for clinicians on the use of LLMs. Continuous evaluation of LLM applications will be vital to maintain their effectiveness and alignment with patient needs. Ultimately, this exploration contends that the thoughtful integration of LLMs into SDM processes could significantly enhance patient involvement and strengthen the patient-physician relationship in neuro-oncology care.
Upregulation of the histone γ-H2AX correlates with worse patient survival and basal-like subtype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Knipper Karl , Hussein Yussra , Simon Adrian Georg , Fretter Caroline , Damanakis Alexander I. , Zhao Yue , Bruns Christiane J. , Schmidt Thomas , Popp Felix C. , Quaas Alexander , Lyu Su Ir ,   The PANCALYZE Study Group, Heise Michael , Marusch Frank , Siech Marco , Mosa Tawfik , Schniewind Bodo , Tepel Jürgen , Hartwig Werner , Prinz Christoph , Rau Bettina M. , Niedergethmann Marco , Kube Rainer , Saada George , Hiller Wolfgang , Settmacher Utz 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have yet to experience significant benefits from targeted therapy. Olaparib is currently the only active substance in BRCA-mutated PDACs that successfully influences the DNA repair of carcinoma cells. H2AX belongs to the histone family and is known as a part of the DNA repair system. The inhibition of γ-H2AX could lead to the inhibition of mitotically active tumor cells. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the γ-H2AX in patients with PDAC.

Methods
All included patients (n = 311) received a pancreatic resection with curative intention in one of our PANCALYZE study centers. Subsequently, they were enrolled in a standardized follow-up protocol. Immunohistochemical stainings for γ-H2AX were conducted on tissue microarrays.

Results
Patients exhibiting high levels of γ-H2AX expression experience more frequent R1 resections, indicating advanced tumor stages in this subgroup. Additionally, patients with high γ-H2AX expression demonstrated significantly poorer survival compared to those with low expression (median OS: 15 vs. 25 months, p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, high γ-H2AX expression could be identified as an independent risk factor for worse patient survival. Moreover, high γ-H2AX expression could be more frequently observed in the more aggressive basal-like subtype.

Conclusion
γ-H2AX can be characterized as a predictive biomarker for poorer patient survival. Consequently, upcoming clinical trials focused on the efficacy of targeted therapies influencing the DNA repair system and radiotherapy should evaluate γ-H2AX as a potential biomarker for therapy response. Furthermore, γ-H2AX may serve as a viable target for treatment in the future.
Index admission cholecystectomy for biliary acute pancreatitis or choledocholithiasis reduces 30-day readmission rates in children
Authors: Pathak Sagar J. , Avila Patrick , Dai Sun-Chuan , Arain Mustafa A. , Perito Emily R. , Kouanda Abdul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Adult patients with biliary acute pancreatitis (BAP) or choledocholithiasis who do not undergo cholecystectomy on index admission have worse outcomes. Given the paucity of data on the impact of cholecystectomy during index hospitalization in children, we examined readmission rates among pediatric patients with BAP or choledocholithiasis who underwent index cholecystectomy versus those who did not.

Methods
Retrospective study of children (< 18 years old) admitted with BAP, without infection or necrosis (ICD-10 K85.10), or choledocholithiasis (K80.3x–K80.7x) using the 2018 National Readmission Database (NRD). Exclusion criteria were necrotizing pancreatitis with or without infected necrosis and death during index admission. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day readmission.

Results
In 2018, 1122 children were admitted for index BAP (n = 377, 33.6%) or choledocholithiasis (n = 745, 66.4%). Mean age at admission was 13 (SD 4.2) years; most patients were female (n = 792, 70.6%). Index cholecystectomy was performed in 663 (59.1%) of cases. Thirty-day readmission rate was 10.9% in patients who underwent cholecystectomy during that index admission and 48.8% in those who did not (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, patients who underwent index cholecystectomy had lower odds of 30-day readmission than those who did not (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.11–0.24, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Index cholecystectomy was performed in only 59% of pediatric patients admitted with BAP or choledocholithiasis but was associated with 84% decreased odds of readmission within 30 days. Current guidelines should be updated to reflect these findings, and future studies should evaluate barriers to index cholecystectomy.
Therapeutic apheresis: is it safe in children with kidney disease?
Authors: Kalenderoğlu Muhammed Doğukan , Çomak Elif , Aksoy Gülşah Kaya , Bilge Uğur , Küpesiz Osman Alphan , Koyun Mustafa , Akman Sema 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Therapeutic apheresis (TA) is already used to treat various diseases in the field of nephrology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and types of complications that occur during TA in children with kidney disease.

Methods
Records of children (≤ 18 years) who underwent TA between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Children with missing data and those with a diagnosis of nonnephrological disease were excluded.

Results
A total of 1214 TA sessions, including 1147 therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) sessions and 67 immunoadsorption (IA) sessions, were performed on the 108 patients enrolled in the study. Forty-seven percent of the patients were male, and the mean age was 12.22 ± 4.47 years. Posttransplant antibody-mediated rejection (64.8%) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (14.8%) were the most common diagnoses indicating TA. Overall, 17 different complications occurred in 58 sessions (4.8%), and 53 sessions (4.6%) were not completed because of these complications. The distribution of complications among the patients was as follows: 41.4% had technical complications, 25.9% had allergic complications, and 32.7% had others. The most common technical complication was insufficient flow (37.5%). The incidence of complications was greater in patients aged 3–6 years than in patients in the other age groups (p = 0.031). The primary disease, type of vascular access, and rate of fresh frozen plasma/albumin use were similar between patients with and without complications (p values of 0.359 and 0.125 and 0.118, respectively).

Conclusions
Our study showed that complications occurred in only 4.8% of TA sessions. The most common complication was technical problems.

Graphical Abstract