bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ELECTROPHORETICALLY‐DETERMINED C4M HAPLOTYPE PRODUCT AND PARTIAL INHIBITION OF ANTI‐Cha
Authors: Nordhagen R. , Olaisen B. , Teisberg P. , Jr T. Gedde‐Dahl 
Published: April 2007

SummaryC4‐coated Ch(a+) red blood cells (RBC) were used as indicator cells in a serum inhibition reaction of anti‐Cha, for the determination of the Ch group of serum. This serological study, combined with electrophoretic studies of C4 in a family material, showed that the C4M haplotype product was associated with partial inhibition of anti‐Cha.
THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX OF RHESUS MONKEYS: XIII. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF DR AND OTHER B‐CELL SPECIFIC ANTIGENS †
Authors: Roger J. H. , Vreeswijk W. van , Balner H. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryResults of a population study with all currently available B‐cell specific alloantisera indicate that eight antigens controlled by the RhLA‐linked DR locus can now be identified. This leaves a gene frequency of about 0.15 for unidentified or ‘blank’ antigens of that locus. Of the nine identifiable la antigens which are not controlled by the DR locus, three or four may form the basis of a second series which is probably also controlled by the RhLA region.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A MOUSE‐RABBIT HYBRIDOMA
Authors: Notenboom R. H. , Chou C.‐ T. , Good P. W. , Dubiski S. , Cinader B. , Köhler G. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryImmunoglobulin was obtained from a hybridoma cell line, which was a reclone of a hybrid between a rabbit cell and mouse myeloma cell (X63‐Ag8). The immunoglobulin, isolated from the cell culture medium was found to be homogeneous by isoelectrofocusing and immunoelectrophoresis and consisted of mouse heavy and rabbit light chains, linked by disulphide bonds. All immunoglobulin molecules carried both mouse and rabbit determinants; mouse determinants were associated only with the heavy chains while rabbit determinants were only associated with the light chains. The rabbit light chains were of Ab4 allotypical specificity, but possess only some of the Ab4 determinants normally present in Ab4/Ab4 animals. It was sugested that the restriction in allotypical specificity may be a general property of light chain Ab allotypes; the normal serum immunoglobulins may be heterogeneous with respect to the allotypic determinants and any one molecule may possess only a proportion of determinants detected by a conventional anti‐allotype antiserum.
ANALYSIS OF THE GIEMSA‐BANDING PATTERNS OF THE CHROMOSOMES FROM RATS CARRYING THE GENES OF THE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION COMPLEX (GRC)
Authors: Drescher Carolyn K. , Jargiello Patricia , Gill T. J. , Kunz H. W. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryMorphological studies of metaphase chromosomes were done with rats derived from the BIL/1 strain, which has genes affecting growth and reproduction linked to the major histocompatibility complex by conventional Giemsa‐trypsin staining and the results were compared to rat strains not carrying these defects. A subterminal‐terminal centromeric polymorphism was detected in chromosome 3 [del 3 (pter → cent)] among the strains studied. Comparison of the G‐banded karotypes of the rats carrying the defects with the karotypes of the otsher strains did not reveal any gross chromosomal abnormalities.
A NEW Pk PHENOTYPE IN THE P BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM
Authors: Kundu S. K. , Evans A. , Rizvi J. , Glidden H. , Marcus D. M. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryA healthy 22‐year‐old woman was noted to have erythrocytes of the Pk phenotype: a strong Pk antigen, no detectable P antigen and anti‐P antibody in her serum. Her erythrocytes contained four to six times as much Pk glycolipid (globotriaosylceramide or CTH) and approximately half as much P glycolipid (globotertraosylceramide or globoside) as normal red cells. The structures of CTH and globoside were characterized by analysis of permethylated sugars and complement fixation in addition to chromaographic mobility and sugar composition. Inasmuch as the erythrocytes of two Pk individuals that were analysed previously (Marcus et al., 1976) contained no detectable globoside, these abnormalities appear o represent a new phenotype in the P blood group system.
ESTABLISHMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PERMANENT MURINE HYBRIDOMAS SECRETING MONOCLONAL ANTI‐THY‐1 ANTIBODIES *
Authors: Dráber P. , Zikán J. , Vojtíŝková Marta 
Published: April 2007

SummaryHybridomas secreting anti‐Thy‐1 antibodies were produced by fusing cells of the mouse myeloma line P3‐NSI/1‐Ag4‐1 (NS‐1) with spleen cells from AKR/J mice immunized with C3H/Di thymus cells and by subsequent growth in tissue culture and selection of the hybrid cells. Two permanent hybridomas, 1B5 and 1aG4/C5, secreting antibodies of IgG3 subclass were isolated by repeated cloning of cells by dilution and in soft agar. Growth of the hybrid cell colonies depended on the presence of feeder cells; spleen cells at 1‐2 X 106/ml were most effective, then thymus cells at 1‐4 X 106/ml and peritoneal cells at a concentration 1‐2 orders of magnitude lower.The two hybridomas were grown in vitro or in vivo and their products were further analysed. In tissue culture in serum‐free medium under the optimum conditions the supernatant from hybridoma 1B5 contained 0.07 mg/ml of antibodies and that from hybridoma 1aG4/C5 had 0.26 mg/ml of antibodies, whereas ascites 1B5 contained 3.6 mg/ml and ascites 1aG4/C5 4.4 mg/ml of antibodies.A very low electrophoretic mobility of both antibodies facilitated their isolation. The specificity of the antibodies was tested in the cytotoxicity assay in the presence of complement and by the binding of isotopically labelled antibodies to thymus cells from A/Ph mice and other Thy‐1.2+ strains and A. Thy‐1.1 and AKR/J mice. Antibodies of clone 1aG4/C5 were specific for Thy‐1.2+ cells, whereas antobodies of clone 1B5 at higher concentrations also reacted with Thy‐1.1+ cells from the thymus and lymph nodes. Both antibodies killed more than 95% thymus cells and 60‐70% lymph node cells in the cytotoxicity assay. The specificity of antibodies for T lymphocytes was confirmed in the functional test in which the antibodies eliminated the response of spleen cells to Concanavalin A but did not affect the response to lipopolysaccharide in the presence of complement.
IMMUNOGLOBULIN DIVERSITY IN THE PHYLOGENETICALLY PRIMITIVE SHARK, HETERODONTUS FRANCISCI: I. SUGGESTED LACK OF STRUCTURAL VARIATION BETWEEN LIGHT CHAINS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT ANIMALS
Authors: Litman G. W. , Scheffel Christi , Gerber‐Jenson Bonnie 
Published: April 2007

SummaryA two‐step procedure employing gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography has been utilized to isolate LMW immunoglobulin from the horned shark, Heterodontus francisci. Light chains obtained by complete reduction and alkylation of the parent protein have been compared by several analytical techniques. Amino acid composition data implies a limited degree of variation in the light chains isolated from individual animals. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the CNBr digests of the light chains reveal indistinguishable banding profiles of the major peptides. Isoelectric focusing indicates limited heterogeneity in the light chain spectrotype and identity in the pI of the majority of bands detectable by staining. The suggested degree of structural similarity in the light chains of this phylogenetically primitive shark is discussed in terms of the evolutionary position of the species and current theories concerning the origins of structural diversity in immunoglobulins.
IMMUNOGENETIC CONTROL OF EXPERIMENTAL COLLAGEN‐INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN RATS. II. ECIA SUSCEPTIBILITY AND IMMUNE RESPONSE TO TYPE II COLLAGEN (CALF) ARE LINKED TO RT1
Authors: Griffiths Marie M. , DeWitt C. W. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe segregation of genes controlling ECIA susceptibility and the level of immune response to native calf type II collagen were determined in the F2 progeny of matings between WF (RTIu/u; ECIA‐susceptible; high responders) and LEW.B3 (RT1n/n; ECIA‐resistant; low to intermediate responders). RT1n/n F2 progeny showed resistance to ECIA, low skin test reactivity to type II collagen and intermediate levels of IgG anti‐collagen antibodies (‐log2 of 6.2 ± 2.6; mean ± SD, n= 10). RT1u/u and RT1u/u F2 progeny were susceptible to ECIA and were high responders to type II collagen by skin testing and IgG antibody titres (‐log2 of 12.1 ± 1.3, mean ± SD, n= 26). Although all rats that developed arthritis were also high responders to type II collagen one group of immature F2 progeny, RT1u/u and RT1u/n, showed high anti‐collagen immune responses in the absence of detectable arthritis. The data indicate that genes linked to RT1.A control susceptibility to ECIA and at least part of the immune response to native calf type II collagen in WF and LEW.B3 rats.
THE ASSOCIATION OF SERUM IgM AND IgG LEVELS WITH THE NUMBER OF X CHROMOSOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL NUMBER OF X CHROMOSOMES
Authors: Nurmi T. 
Published: April 2007

SummaryThe following attributes of the immune response were studied from nine patients with different numbers of X chromosomes: serum immunoglobulin levels, C3and C4concentrations, the presence of autoantibodies, phagocytosis, killing of bacteria, the chemotactic response of neutrophils. thein vitroresponse of lymphocytes to PHA, ConA, PwM, PPD and oidiomycin; and the proportion of T lymphocytes was determined. The number of X chromosomes varied from one (45,X) to four (48,XXXX). No evidence of severe dysfunction in the immune system was found in any of the patients. The correlation coefficients between the serum concentration of IgM and IgG and the number of X chromosomes present were statistically significant (r = 0.691, P < 0.05, and r = 0.714, P < 0.05, respectively). The serum IgA concentration showed a tendency towards a negative correlation. The concentrations of neither IgD nor IgE correlated to the number of X chromosomes. It seems obvious that the number of X chromosomes is positively associated with the concentration of serum IgG and IgM. The results support the hypothesis that antibody production is at least partially controlled by genes located in the X chromosome.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF H‐2 LINKED GENE(S) AFFECTING EARLY MOUSE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Goldbard S. B. , Verbanac Kathryn M. , Warner Carol M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe number of cells in preimplantation mouse embryos of different H‐2 haplotypes was analysed. It was found that embryos of the H‐2k haplotype have fewer cells per embryo than those of the H‐2b haplotype. By analysing reciprocal congenic pairs of mice it was demonstrated unequivocally that slow development is linked to the H‐2k haplotype and fast development to the H‐2b haplotype. The gene(s) in the H‐2 complex which influence early mouse embryo development have been named Ped: preimplantation embryo development. Analysis of F1 hybrid embryos showed that fast development is dominant. Reciprocal F1 crosses yielded identical results, which indicated there was no apparent effect of the maternal egg cytoplasm on Ped gene expression. Analysis of F2 and back‐cross embryos was consistent with the interpretation that there is a major gene located in the H‐2 complex (Ped), which is modified by environment and genetic background, that influences early mouse embryo development.
IMPAIRED H‐2 EXPRESSION IN B 16 MELANOMA VARIANTS
Authors: Nanni P. , Colombo M. P. , Giovanni C. De , Lollini P.‐L. , Nicoletti G. , Parmiani G. , Prodi G. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYWe studied the expression of H‐2b alloantigens in three different B16 melanoma lines cultured in vitro, Cell lines were B16‐F1 and two cell cultures (named B16‐A and B16‐B) newly derived from two different in vivo sublines of B16 melanoma. The assays used were in vivo tumour growth in allogeneic (BALB/c and B10.BR) as compared to syngeneic mice, in vitro cell‐mediated cytotoxicity by anti‐H‐2b immune lymphocytes and absorption of anti‐H‐2b antisera activity. The B16‐F1 line was able to efficiently kill allogeneic hosts, could not be lysed by anti‐H‐2b cytotoxic effectors and did not express any serologically detectable amount of H‐2b alloantigens. The B16‐A line was H‐2 positive during the early in vitro passages, then, at the 8th–10th passages, it acquired the capacity to kill allogeneic hosts, lost the sensitivity to anti‐H‐2b cytotoxic effectors and the H‐2Kb antigens became undetectable. The expression of H‐2Db was reduced, although at a lower degree. Similar data were obtained with B 16‐B cells, which after 10 in vitro passages grew and killed allogeneic hosts, showed a decreased sensitivity to cytotoxic anti‐H‐2b effectors and a very low expression of the K region antigens. The results indicate that H‐2 expression is altered in B 16 melanoma lines and this may influence the different metastatic capacity of such cells.
MURINE CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS: RESISTANCE IN RECONSTITUTED NUDE MICE AND SEVERAL F1 HYBRIDS INFECTED WITH LEISHMANIA TROPICA MAJOR
Authors: Mitchell G. F. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAfter cutaneous injection of promastigotes of an isolate of the intramacrophage protozoan parasite, Leishmania tropica major, mouse strains develop chronic cutaneous lesions or show a resolving pattern of disease. On this basis, they can be classified as resistant (e.g. CBA/H and C57BL/6) or susceptible (e.g. BALB/c, BALB/c.H‐2b and BALB/c.H‐2k). Hypothymic nude (nu/nu) mice of either BALB/c, CBA/H or C57BL/6 genotype are susceptible to chronic disease. However, nude mice of these genotypes, including BALB/c, are resistant to chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis when injected at the time of parasite challenge with small numbers of H‐2 compatible lymphoid cells from normal mice. Nude mice remain susceptible when injected with fully H‐2 incompatible cells. Using cells from H‐2 mutant mice for reconstitution of resistance in C57BL/6.nu/nu mice, evidence was obtained that I region compatibility is necessary for cells to mediate host‐protective effects. Cells from chronically‐diseased BALB/c mice do not have protective effects in BALB/c.nu/nu mice at any cell dose and will abrogate the resistance‐promoting effect of lymphoid cell populations from chronically‐diseased BALB/c.H‐2k and BALB/c.H‐2b mice can be demonstrated when assayed at certain cell doses in H‐2 compatible CBA/H.nu/nu and C57BL/6.nu/nu mice, respectively. The data suggest that chronically‐diseased (genetically‐susceptible) mice contain a mixture of resistance‐promoting and disease‐promoting T cells in their peripheral lymphoid organs and that expression of the resistance‐promoting subset can occur in nude mice of resistant genotype. Previous data have indicated that Lyl+2− T cells are efficient mediators of both T cell‐dependent activities. No evidence for the operation of disease‐promoting or resistance‐promoting antibodies in perpetuation or resolution of disease has been obtained in extensive serum transfer experiments. Some discrepancies exist in the literature on the question of the dominance of susceptibility or resistance in F1 hybrid mice. A re‐examination of susceptibility/resistance in F1 hybrids between BALB/c and several other parental strains was undertaken using cloned pathogenic promastigotes derived from a heterogeneous L. t. major isolate in order to reduce effects of parasite heterogeneity in the analysis. Resistance was dominant in some but not all F1 hybrids, with most showing a delayed healing pattern of disease relative to the resistant parental strain. Despite the use of genetically‐homogeneous parasites, the analysis was complicated by variability within groups of F1 hybrid mice as well as between males and females and between F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses. A hypothesis based on antigen and H‐2 expression on infected macrophages is advanced to account for the balance between the effects of resistance‐promoting and disease‐promoting Lyl+2− T cells in mice of various genotypes.
ROUS SARCOMA VIRUS‐INDUCED TUMOURS IN MICE: II. CONTRIBUTION OF H‐2 AND NON‐H‐2 ALLOANTIGEN BARRIERS TO TUMOUR IMMUNOGENICITY IN VIVO
Authors: Forni G. , Giovarelli M. , Sarzotti M. , Whitmore A. C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe features of the immune recognition of a murine fibrosarcoma induced by Rous sarcoma virus were tested in histocompatible and histoincompatible mice. No evidence of a genetic regulation of spontaneous reactivity to tumour‐associated antigens was found in various histocompatible F1 hybrids. Incompatibility in multiple minor histocompatibility antigens triggers a host reaction incapable of causing tumour rejection in some cases. The growth rate of incipient tumours is unaffected, whereas that of already visible tumoour masses is significantly delayed. Admixture to the challenge of inactivated leukocytes bearing the same minor histocompatibility antigens as the tumour triggers a significantly stronger reaction. The reaction of hosts incompatible in the H‐2K or H‐2DL regions is quite efficient. However, the intensity of the immune reaction to H‐2DLs antigens displayed by tumour cells is markedly dependent on the alleles of genes located in the central regions of the H‐2 complex.
IMMUNE RESPONSES TO HAPTEN‐LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE CONJUGATES IN MICE: III. GENETICS OF THE ANTIBODY RESPONSE TO POLYSACCHARIDE ANTIGENS
Authors: Skelly Regina R. , Ahmed A. , Munkenbeck Priscilla , Morrison D. C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAntibody responses to the polysaccharide antigens of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and their hapten derivatives are herein documented to be under multigenic control. Among the genes responsible for the antibody response to these polysaccharide antigens include those coded for by genes located on the X chromosome and those on chromosome 17 linked to genes in the H‐2 and/or Qa loci. The use of B10 congenic mice revealed that two genes on chromosome 17 are involved in the regulation of the antibody response to bacterial polysaccharide antigens. The use of CXB recombinant inbred mice confirmed the multigenic control of the antibody response within their background array of genes. The data clearly demonstrate that immune responses to these polysaccharide antigens are under genetic control, the importance of which may be of significance with regard to humoral protection during gram‐negative infection.
T‐LYMPHOCYTE RECOGNITION OF SPERM‐WHALE MYOGLOBIN. SPECIFICITY OF T‐CELL RECOGNITION FOLLOWING NEONATAL TOLERANCE WITH EITHER MYOGLOBIN OR SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES OF AN ANTIGENIC SITE
Authors: Young C. R. , Atassi M. Z. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYRecently, in investigating the responses of T‐cell from high responder mice that were primed with myoglobin (Mb) or with synthetic peptides containing antigenic site 5 and increasing in length stepwise by increments of two residues, we observed that T‐cell recognition was highly dependent on conformation. In the present studies, tolerization experiments were carried out to further investigate this finding. Neonatal mice (BALB/cByJ) were either tolerized with Mb or with synthetic peptides of Mb containing antigenic site 5. Tolerization with Mb and subsequent immunization with Mb gave T‐cells that did not proliferate in vitro to Mb or any of the peptides. T‐cells from mice that were tolerized with a truncated peptide 139‐153 (having deletions at Tyr‐151 and Ala‐144) and subsequently immunized with Mb proliferated in vitro to Mb and to peptides 132‐153, 135‐153 and 143‐153. T‐cells from mice that were tolerized with native Mb and subsequently immunized with peptides (which are unfolded in solution) did not proliferate in vitro to Mb, but responded well to the peptides. Conversely, tolerization with peptides had no effect on the recognition of, and the response to, native Mb by the T‐cells, whereas the response to the peptides was completely removed. It was thus concluded that the recognition of protein antigens (or at least of Mb) by T‐cells is (like the recognition by antibody) dependent on the conformation of the antigen.
GENETIC CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HAEMOGLOBIN
Authors: Krco C. J. , Abramson Ellen J. , Yoshoka N. , Atassi M. Z. , David C. S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYMonoclonal anti‐Ia inhibition experiments were conducted to confirm and extend genetic mapping data of I‐A gene control of immunity to human haemoglobin (Hb). It was found that the Aβ gene is of critical importance in conferring immunity to the α‐chain and β‐chain subunits of Hb. A possible involvement of I‐E region genes in B10.D2 mice to β‐chain is discussed. Through the use of an α‐chain specific T cell clone data, is obtained indicating that an intact Ia.8+ Aβ chain is necessary for antigen presentation in vitro.
ANTIGEN BINDING TO LYMPHOID CELLS FROM UNIMMUNIZED MICE
Authors: DeLuca D. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYIn order to determine the specificity of antigen binding by double antigen‐binding lymphocytes obtained from mouse bone marrow and spleen, three types of experiments were performed (1) a high excess of unlabelled antigen was tested for its ability to inhibit the binding of unrelated antigen to both single and double antigen‐binding cells; (2) polyvalent anti‐mouse immunoglobulin was assessed for its ability to inhibit antigen binding; and (3) the ability of one antigen to co‐cap (or codistribute) with either another antigen or antiimmunoglobulin was studied to determine the spatial relationship of these components on the cell membrane. In order to study an adequate number of double ABC, these cells were enriched by using NIP‐specific ABC as a starting population. The data indicate that double antigen binding occurs via independent immunoglobulin cell surface receptors which can be spatially separated from one another under appropriate capping conditions.
IMMUNOGLOBULIN (Gm) MARKERS AND α1‐ANTITRYPSIN (PI) TYPES IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND EARLY ONSET CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS
Authors: Walsh Linda J. , Cox Diane Wilson 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYNo Gm allotype, haplotype or phenotype was increased or decreased in frequency in two autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or chronic active hepatitis (CAH) in comparison with control frequencies. The frequencies of the Gm haplotypes among 206 controls were 0.70, 0.19 and 0.11 for fb, ag and axg, respectively. Neither Gm heterozygosity nor homozygosity was associated with either disease. There was no interaction between α1‐antitrypsin (PI) and Gm type in the two diseases.
H ‐ 2 ANTIGENS OF CERTAIN t AND NON‐t MICE REACT WITH THE SAME MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY
Authors: Balber A. E. , Amos D. B. , Artzt Karen 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYMonoclonal antibody 212.i.4.2 mediated complement‐dependent lysis of spleen and lymph node cells carrying the tw1, tw12, tw71, t6, tw73, and tLub1 haplotypes, while cells from mice carrying 11 other t haplotypes were not lysed. The antibody also detected an epitope controlled by genes in the H‐2Dd region of non‐t mice. A molecule of 46,000 molecular weight was immunoprecipitated by 212.i.4.2 from detergent extracts of 125I‐labelled spleen cells of +/tw12 and B10.D2 mice. The H‐2dm2 mutation did not alter the expression of the epitope recognized by 212.i.4.2. However, the H‐2dm1 mutation decreased the reactivity of lymphoid cells with the antibody in cytotoxicity tests, and 212.i.4.2 immunoprecipitated little or no protein from extracts of B10.D2(R106) spleen cells which carry the H‐2dm1 mutation.
tch, tsf AND tte: THREE INDEPENDENTLY ISOLATED t HAPLOTYPES IN THE MOUSE
Authors: Vergara U. , Pizarro O. , Zúñiga C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThree recessive lethal t haplotypes have been independently isolated from widely separated Chilean wild mouse populations. They do not complement one another, have similar transmission ratios and suppress recombination. We do not know at present if they belong to a previously described complementation group or if they define a new one.