bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jordan Mozer & Associates: New American narratives
Authors: Watson Howard 
Published: August 2006

AbstractJordan Mozer is a designer of surprising contradictions. Having pursued a specifically American form of storytelling through his designs for the likes of Bellagio in Las Vegas and the Hudson Club in Chicago, he despises the impulse towards homogeneity in the US. He begins all designs with a service plan, yet pursues the expressionistic potential of architecture. Howard Watson provides insights into the work of a designer who has proved as successful in Germany as in his hometown of Chicago. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flexibility analysis: Taking into account fullness and accuracy of plant data
Authors: Ostrovsky G. M. , Volin Yu. M. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe modern foundations of flexibility analysis were developed in the 1980s by Grossmann and co‐workers. They formulated the approaches to solve the main problems of flexibility analysis, namely, the feasibility test, flexibility index, and two‐stage optimization problem (TSOP). All these formulations are based on the supposition that during the operation stage there is enough plant data to accurately determine all uncertain parameter values. However, in practice, this assumption is likely to be untrue. To deal with this problem, the feasibility test and TSOP were extended to account for the possibility of accurately estimating only some of the uncertain parameters. However, these extensions have a drawback. They do not take into account all the data that are available at the operation stage. A formulation is discussed that will remove this drawback of the TSOP. The formulation requires working out a modification of the split and bound approach, which had been developed for solving the TSOP. Then, two computation experiments are performed to demonstrate the advantage of taking the additional plant data from the operation stage into account. © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
1,1′‐Dimethylvanadocene α‐amino acid complexes: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial behavior toward Escherichia coli B
Authors: Hana Paláčková , Jaromír Vinklárek , Jana Holubová , Božena Frumarová , Ivana Císařová , Milan Erben 
Published: August 2006

AbstractEight water‐soluble 1,1′‐dimethylvanadocene amino acid complexes have been prepared via the reaction of (MeCp)2VCl2 (2) with one equivalent of amino acid (aa) in water affording [(MeCp)2V(aa)]Cl, where aa is glycine (3), L‐alanine (4), L‐valine (5), L‐leucine (6), L‐isoleucine (7), L‐phenylalanine (8), L‐histidine (9) and L‐tryptophane (10). All prepared complexes have been characterized by EPR, IR and Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. Molecular structures of [(MeCp)2V(ala)]BPh4·CH3OH (11), [(MeCp)2V(leu)]PF6 (12) and [(MeCp)2V(ile)]PF6 (13) were determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis. Cytotoxic properties of complexes 2–10 were investigated toward Escherichia coli B and compared with analogical unsubstituted vanadocene compounds (1, 14–21). The results showed that 1,1′‐dimethylvanadocene amino acid complexes have identical or slightly higher antiproliferative activity then their unsubstituted analogs. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The reduction of Ag(I) by α‐silylamines R2NCH2SiX3
Authors: Lazareva Nataliya F. , Vakul'skaya Tamara I. , Albanov Alexander I. , Pestunovich Vadim A. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe introduction of the organosilicon substituent into the α‐position of an amino group results in cardinal change of the amine reactivity irrespective of the coordination state of silicon. Amines R2NCH2SiX3 [R = Me, Et, PhCH2, CH2SiX3; SiX3 = SiMe3, Si(OEt)3, Si(OCH2CH2)3N] easily react with AgNO3, to give the corresponding ammonium salts (R2NH+ CH2SiX3)·NO3−. At the same time, Ag(I) is reduced to Ag(0). The interaction of N‐methyl‐N,N‐bis(silatranylmethyl)amine with AgNO3 has been investigated by EPR spectroscopy. It was proven that the reaction involved a single electron transfer stage with the formation of cation radical of this amine. A mechanism of the reaction is proposed. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Material properties of the dentate maxilla
Authors: Peterson Jill , Wang Qian , Dechow Paul C. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine regional variability of material properties in the dentate maxilla. Cortical samples were removed from 15 sites of 15 adult dentate fresh‐frozen maxillas. Cortical thickness, density, elastic properties, and the direction of greatest stiffness were obtained. Results showed that cortical bone in the alveolar region tended to be thicker, less dense, and less stiff. Cortical bone from the body of the maxilla was thinner, denser, and stiffer. Palatal cortical bone was intermediate in some features but overall was more similar to cortical bone from the alveolar region. The principal axes of stiffness varied regionally. The regions with the greatest consistency were the alveolar area and the frontomaxillary pillar, where the grain of the cortical bone was aligned vertically from the incisors to the medial external aspect of the orbit. Elastic properties in the human maxilla, especially the orientation of the principal axes of stiffness, were more variable than in the mandible. Incorporation of these properties into finite‐element models should improve their accuracy and reliability. Anat Rec Part A, 288A:962–972, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐pot synthesis of amino‐alcohols using a de‐novo transketolase and β‐alanine: Pyruvate transaminase pathway in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ingram C.U. , Bommer M. , Smith M.E.B. , Dalby P.A. , Ward J.M. , Hailes H.C. , Lye G.J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractBiocatalysis continues to emerge as a powerful technique for the efficient synthesis of optically pure pharmaceuticals that are difficult to access via conventional chemistry. The power of biocatalysis can be enhanced if two or more reactions can be achieved by a single whole cell biocatalyst containing a pathway designed de‐novo to facilitate a required synthetic sequence. The enzymes transketolase (TK) and transaminase (TAm) respectively catalyze asymmetric carboncarbon bond formation and amine group addition to suitable substrate molecules. The ability of a transaminase to accept the product of the transketolase reaction can allow the two catalysts to be employed in series to create chiral amino‐alcohols from achiral substrates. As proof of principle, the β‐alanine: pyruvate aminotransferase (β‐A:P TAm) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been cloned, to create plasmid pQR428, for overexpression in E.coli strain BL21gold(DE3). Production of the β‐A:P TAm alongside the native transketolase (overexpressed from plasmid pQR411), in a single E.coli host, has created a novel biocatalyst capable of the synthesis of chiral amino alcohols via a synthetic two‐step pathway. The feasibility of using the biocatalyst has been demonstrated by the formation of a single diastereoisomer of 2‐amino‐1,3,4‐butanetriol (ABT) product, in up to 21% mol/mol yield, by the β‐A:P TAm, via transamination of L‐erythrulose synthesized by TK, from achiral substrates glycolaldehyde (GA) and β‐hydroxypyruvate (β‐HPA). ABT synthesis was achieved in a one‐pot process, using either whole cells of the dual plasmid strain or cell lysate, while the dual alcohol‐amine functionality of ABT makes it an excellent synthon for many pharmaceutical syntheses. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96: 559–569. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison of high cell density fed‐batch fermentations involving both induced and non‐induced recombinant Escherichia coli under well‐mixed small‐scale and simulated poorly mixed large‐scale conditions
Authors: Hewitt Christopher J. , Onyeaka Helen , Lewis Gareth , Taylor Ian W. , Nienow Alvin W. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn this work, multi‐parameter flow cytometric techniques, coupled with dual colour fluorescent staining, have been used to study the metabolic consequences of inclusion body formation in high cell density fed‐batch cultures of the recombinant E. coli strain MSD3735, producing the IPTG inducible model mammalian protein, AP50. Further, we report on the development of the scale‐down, two compartment (STR + PFR) experimental simulation model to study, for the first time, the effect of a changing microenvironment with respect to three of the major spatial heterogeneities that may be associated with large‐scale bioprocessing (pH, glucose and dissolved oxygen concentration) on a recombinant bacterial system. Using various time points for induction and various scale‐down configurations, it has been shown that inclusion body formation is followed immediately by a detrimental progressive change in individual cell physiological state with respect to both cytoplasmic membrane polarisation and permeability, resulting in a lower final biomass yield. However, the extent of this change was found to be dependent on whether the AP50 protein was induced or not, on the time of induction and on which combination of heterogeneities was being simulated. From this and previous work, it is clear that the scale‐down two‐compartment model can be used to study the impact of genetically modifying an organism to produce inclusion bodies and any range and combination of potential heterogeneities known to exist at the large scale. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96: 495–505. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An innovative online VFA monitoring system for the anerobic process, based on headspace gas chromatography
Authors: Boe Kanokwan , Batstone Damien John , Angelidaki Irini 
Published: August 2006

AbstractA new method for online measurement of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in anerobic digesters has been developed based on headspace gas chromatography (HSGC). The method applies ex situ VFA stripping with variable headspace volume and gas analysis by gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection (GC‐FID). In each extraction, digester sample was acidified with H3PO4 and NaHSO4, then heated to strip the VFA into the gas phase. The gas was sampled in a low friction glass syringe before injected into the GC for measurement. The system has been tested for online monitoring of a lab‐scale CSTR reactor treating manure for more than 6 months and has shown good agreement with off‐line analysis. The system is capable of measuring individual VFA components. This is of advantage since specific VFA components such as propionic and butyric acid can give extra information about the process status. Another important advantage of this sensor is that there is no filtration, which makes possible application in high solids environments. The system can thus be easily applied in a full‐scale biogas reactor by connecting the system to the liquid circulation loop to obtain fresh sample from the reactor. Local calibration is needed but automatic calibration is also possible using standard addition method. Sampling duration is 25–40 min, depending on the washing duration, and sensor response is 10 min. This is appropriate for full‐scale reactors, since dynamics within most biogas reactors are of the order of several hours. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96:712–721. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A typology of motor vehicle consumers using motives for leasing versus financing
Authors: Trocchia Philip J. , Beatty Sharon E. , Hill William W. 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
Previous consumer research suggests that individuals who finance high‐cost items tend to differ from those who lease the same items. Some differences are economic, such as income and wealth, while other dissimilarities involve non‐economic issues such as personal preferences. We employ non‐hierarchical cluster analysis to create consumer segments of motor vehicle lessees and financers based on motives for leasing versus financing and demographics. Five segments were uncovered. Lessees predominate in two categories: budget gourmets and automotive hedonists. Another two categories, utility seekers and basic transportation seekers, are mainly comprised of financers. The final group, mature luxury seekers, consists of a roughly equal mix of lessees and financers. Differences between the segments are addressed here, along with a discussion of findings and implications.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Some men like it black, some women like it pink: consumer implications of differences in male and female website design
Authors: Moss Gloria , Gunn Rod , Heller Jonathan 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
The World Wide Web doubles in size roughly every 2–3 months and dramatic claims are made about the effectiveness of Web‐based commercial efforts. The centrality of non‐price mechanisms of differentiation to the perception, enjoyment and ease of use felt using websites is acknowledged but the only statistically rigorous studies of factors such as form and content have been conducted within a universalist paradigm of aesthetics. This paper reports on an interactionist approach to web aesthetics involving an analysis of 60 male‐ and female‐produced websites. The analysis reveals statistically significant differences between the male‐ and female‐produced websites on 13 out of the 23 factors analysed. These differences span issues of navigation as well as linguistic and visual content. The paper argues that the appeal of websites can be maximised if they mirror the needs and interests of their target populations and that websites targeted at male or female dominated markets need to reflect the aesthetic diversity found in the male‐ and female‐produced websites analysed here. It also presents information on the demographics of the IT profession, showing that there is a potential imbalance between the percentage of women involved online and those involved in the IT profession. This suggests that the male domination of the IT profession could be a barrier to the effective mirroring of female Website preferences.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mobilizing the hijab: Islamic identity negotiation in the context of a matchmaking website
Authors: Zwick Detlev , Chelariu Cristian 
Published: August 2006

Abstract
This article explores the intended use and meaning of the hijab as a personal branding tool for Muslim users of an online matchmaking service. We analyze the motivations of male and female Muslim consumers for mobilizing the symbolism of the hijab as they construct online identities. We ask whether including information about ‘willingness to wear the hijab’ is motivated primarily by a desire to comply to normative rules of conduct or by an instrumental attitude driven by a desire to effectively build and communicate a personal online brand. Our results indicate that the meaning of the hijab is not fixed and uncontested but is dependent on the historical and social context of insertion. In the context of an online matchmaking site, the motivation to mobilize the hijab is predominantly instrumental. In addition, women are more likely to use the hijab for personal branding than men, whose motivation to mobilize the veil's cultural and traditional symbolism prevails. In accordance with previous research, we find that a higher degree of education reduces the likelihood of men and women to use the hijab in order to conform to community norms.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hexosamine induction of oxidative stress, hypertrophy and laminin expression in renal mesangial cells: effect of the anti‐oxidant α‐lipoic acid
Authors: Singh Lalit P. , Cheng Davis W. , Kowluru Renu , Levi Edi , Jiang Yan 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe have previously shown that one of the potential mediators of the deleterious effects of high glucose on extracellular matrix protein (ECM) expression in renal mesangial cells is its metabolic flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Here, we investigate further whether the hexosamines induce oxidative stress, cell‐cycle arrest and ECM expression using SV‐40‐transformed rat mesangial (MES) cells and whether the anti‐oxidant α‐lipoic acid will reverse some of these effects. Culturing renal MES cells with high glucose (HG, 25 mM) or glucosamine (GlcN, 1.5 mM) for 48 h stimulates laminin γ1 subunit expression significantly ∼1.5 ± 0.2‐ and 1.9 ± 0.3‐fold, respectively, when compared to low glucose (LG, 5 mM). Similarly, HG and GlcN increase the level of G0/G1 cell‐cycle progression factor cyclin D1 significantly ∼1.7 ± 0.2‐ and 1.4 ± 0.04‐fold, respectively, versus LG (p < 0.01 for both). Azaserine, an inhibitor of glutamine:fruc‐6‐PO4 amidotransferase (GFAT) in the HBP, blocks the HG‐induced expression of laminin γ1 and cyclin D1, but not GlcN's effect because it exerts its metabolic function distal to GFAT. HG and GlcN also elevate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, pro‐apoptotic caspase‐3 activity, and lead to mesangial cell death as revealed by TUNEL and Live/Dead assays. FACS analysis of cell‐cycle progression shows that the cells are arrested at G1 phase; however, they undergo cell growth and hypertrophy as the RNA/DNA ratio is significantly (p < 0.05) increased in HG or GlcN‐treated cells relative to LG. The anti‐oxidant α‐lipoic acid (150 µM) reverses ROS generation and mesangial cell death induced by HG and GlcN. Alpha‐lipoic acid also reduces HG and GlcN‐induced laminin γ1 and cyclin D1 expression in MES cells. In addition, induction of diabetes in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) increases both laminin γ1 and cyclin D1 expression in the renal cortex and treatment of the diabetic rats with α‐lipoic acid (400 mg kg−1 body weight) reduces the level of both proteins significantly (p < 0.05) when compared to untreated diabetic rats. These results support the hypothesis that the hexosamine pathway mediates mesangial cell oxidative stress, ECM expression and apoptosis. Anti‐oxidant α‐lipoic acid reverses the effects of high glucose, hexosamine and diabetes on oxidative stress and ECM expression in mesangial cells and rat kidney. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of aminoguanidine against cholestatic liver injury in rats
Authors: Yilmaz Mehmet , Ara Cengiz , Isik Burak , Karadag Neşe , Yilmaz Sezai , Polat Alattin , Coban Sacit , Duzova Halil 
Published: August 2006

AbstractWe investigated the protective role of aminoguanidine (AG) in rat liver injury induced by chronic biliary obstruction. Secondary biliary cirrhosis was induced by bile duct ligation for 14 days. Swiss albino rats were divided into three groups: Common bile duct ligated (CBDL) rats; Group A, CBDL rats treated with AG as Group B and simple laparotomy group known as the Sham group; Group C. Group B received 200 mg/kg of AG intraperitoneally daily throughout 14 days. The present data showed decreased gama glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the AG treated rats, when compared with CBDL rats (p < 0.05). In the AG treated rats, tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower than that in CBDL rats (p < 0.001). Although the levels of glutathione (GSH) in AG treated rats were higher and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were lower than that in CBDL rats, the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The levels of interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) were significantly lower and although the levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) were lower in AG treated rats than that in CBDL rats, the difference was not statistically significant. Administration of AG in the rats with biliary obstruction resulted in inhibition of ductular proliferation and portal inflammation. The present study demonstrates that intraperitoneal administration of AG in CBDL rats maintains antioxidant defenses, reduces liver oxidative and cytokine damage and ductular proliferation and portal inflammation. This effect of AG may be useful in the preservation of liver injury in cholestasis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipid peroxidation in ovariectomized and pinealectomized rats: the effects of estradiol and progesterone supplementation
Authors: Oztekin Esma , Baltaci Abdulkerim Kasim , Tiftik Ali Muhtar , Mogulkoc Rasim 
Published: August 2006

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the effect of estradiol and progesterone supplementation on oxidant and antioxidant parameters of renal tissue in ovariectomized and pinealectomized rats. The study was carried out on 36 adult, Spraque–Dawley strain female rats, 6 months of age and weighing 200–250 g. The rats were divided into six groups, each group included six rats:

Group 1: Sham‐ovariectomized (Sham‐Ovx)
Group 2: Ovariectomized (Ovx)
Group 3: Ovx and estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) supplemented (Ovx+E‐P)
Group 4: Ovariectomized and sham pinealectomy (Ovx+sham Pnx)
Group 5: Ovariectomized+Pinealectomized (Ovx+Pnx)
Group 6: Ovariectomized+Pinealectomized+Hormone Supplemented group (Ovx+Pnx+E‐P)
The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) were analysed in renal tissues of rats.The highest and the lowest levels of MDA were determined in Groups 5 and 1 respectively (p < 0.001). However, GSH and GSH‐Px levels demonstrated statistically important decreases in groups 2, 4, 5 (p < 0.001). The findings of this study demonstrate that ovariectomy leads to oxidative damage in renal tissue. Pinealectomy in addition to ovariectomy greatly increases the oxidative damage. However, female sex hormones supplementations to the Ovx and/or Ovx+Pnx rats protected against lipid peroxidation by activating the antioxidant system. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Side Chain Mediated Electronic Contact between a Tetrahydro‐4H‐thiopyran‐4‐ylidene‐Appended Polythiophene and CdTe Quantum Dots
Authors: van Beek Rick , Zoombelt Arjan P. , Jenneskens Leonardus W. , van Walree Cornelis A. , de Mello Donegá Celso , Veldman Dirk , Janssen René A. J. 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe properties of a mixed CdTe quantum dot/tetrahydro‐4H‐thiopyran‐4‐ylidene‐functionalized polythiophene system are reported. This system was prepared by exposing trioctylphosphine (TOP)‐capped CdTe quantum dots to the polythiophene in solution. Strong fluorescence emission quenching and shortening of the fluorescence emission lifetimes of both the polythiophene and the quantum dots occur when they are mixed, indicating the occurrence of photoinduced charge separation. Photoinduced absorption spectroscopy reveals a considerable decrease in the population of the polythiophene triplet excited state in the mixed system. These results demonstrate that between the quantum dots and the polythiophene there is both physical and electronic contact, which is mediated by the tetrahydro‐4H‐thiopyran‐4‐ylidene side chains.
Quasilinear Molecule par Excellence, SrCl2: Structure from High‐Temperature Gas‐Phase Electron Diffraction and Quantum‐Chemical Calculations—Computed Structures of SrCl2⋅Argon Complexes
Authors: Varga Zoltán , Lanza Giuseppe , Minichino Camilla , Hargittai Magdolna 
Published: August 2006

AbstractThe molecular geometry of strontium dichloride has been determined by high‐temperature electron diffraction (ED) and computational techniques. The computation at the MP2 level of theory yields a shallow bending potential with a barrier of about 0.1 kcal mol−1 at the linear configuration. The experimentally determined thermal average SrCl bond length, rg, is 2.625±0.010 Å and the bond angle, ∢a, is 142.4±4.0°. There is excellent agreement between the equilibrium bond lengths estimated from the experimental data, 2.607±0.013 Å, and computed at different levels of theory and basis sets, 2.605±0.006 Å. Based on anharmonic analyses of the symmetric and asymmetric stretching as well as the bending motions of the molecule, we estimated the thermal average structure from the computation for the temperature of the ED experiment. In order to emulate the effect of the matrix environment on the measured vibrational frequencies, a series of complexes with argon atoms, SrCl2⋅Arn (n=1–7), with different geometrical arrangements were calculated. The complexes with six or seven argon atoms approximate the interaction best and the computed frequencies of these molecules are closer to the experimental ones than those computed for the free SrCl2 molecule.