bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum concentration of beta‐carotene and intake frequency of green‐yellow vegetables among healthy inhabitants of Japan
Authors: Shibata Atsuko , Sasaki Ryuichiro , Ito Yoshinori , Hamajima Nobuyuki , Suzuki Sadao , Ohtani Motohiko , Aoki Kunio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSerum levels of beta‐carotene were measured among healthy inhabitants (671 males and 948 females) of 2 towns in Japan to determine the association between the levels and intake frequency of green‐yellow vegetables. Those individuals who consumed green‐yellow vegetables frequently showed higher levels of serum beta‐carotene than those who ate them less often. The influences of alcohol drinking, smoking, obesity and age on serum beta‐carotene levels were similarly observed for the 2 areas. The factors listed above were used for adjustment, giving a significant association between intake frequency of green‐yellow vegetables and serum beta‐carotene level. The proportion of the subjects who rarely consumed green‐yellow vegetables was larger among smokers than among non‐smokers. There was a large difference in serum beta‐carotene levels between the 2 towns, which could not be explained by alcohol drinking and smoking. Women showed statistically significantly higher serum beta‐carotene levels than men.
Cancer risks due to occupational exposure to formaldehyde: Results of a multi‐site case‐control study in montreal
Authors: Gérin Michel , Siemiatycki Jack , Nadon Louise , Dewar Ron , Krewski Daniel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case‐control study was undertaken in Montreal to investigate the possible associations between occupational exposures and cancers of the following sites: oesophagus, stomach, colo‐rectum, liver, pancreas, lung, prostate, bladder, kidney, melanoma and lymphoid tissue. In total, 3,726 cancer patients and 533 population controls were interviewed to obtain detailed lifetime job histories and information on potential con‐founders. Each job history was translated into a history of occupational exposures. Because of current concerns about formaldehyde carcinogenicity, we carried out a special analysis of the association between exposure to formaldehyde and each type of cancer covered by this study. Separate statistical analyses were carried out for each type of cancer using population controls as well as a control series drawn from among the other cancer sites in the study. Although nearly a quarter of all subjects had undergone occupational exposure to formaldehyde, the levels of exposure were in general quite low. There was no persuasive evidence of an increased risk of any type of cancer among men exposed to these levels of formaldehyde. However, the possibility of a small increase in risk could not be ruled out.
Biochemical and immunological properties of the human carcinoma antigen car‐5 defined by the monoclonal antibody BD‐5
Authors: Prat Maria , Medico Enzo , Garrino Cristina , Comoglio Paolo M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody (MAb) BD‐5 reacts with an epitope (CAR‐5) expressed in 83% of the gastric carcinomas and in 51% of the ductal pancreatic carcinomas. This MAb reacts also with epithelial cells of colorectal mucosa, but does not react at all with normal adult gastric mucosa or normal adult pancreas. We report the biochemical and immunochemical characterization of CAR‐5‐bearing molecule. The epitope was found to be carried on a mucin of more than 400 kDa with a density of 1.45 g/ml, metabolically labelled with 35S‐sulfate, 3H‐glucosamine, 3H‐mannose and 35S‐methionine. Antigenicity survived metaperiodate oxidation and alkalinization, while it was fully destroyed by pronase or papain. Trypsin, although cleaving the molecule, did not affect its antigenic activity. CAR‐5 epitope is thus carried on the protein moiety of a sulfo‐mucin. On the basis of its biochemical properties, the antigen was purified by a 3‐step procedure, consisting of perchloric acid extraction, molecular sieving on Sepharose CL‐4B and affinity chromatography on wheat‐germ agglutinin coupled to Sepharose 4B. Cross‐competition experiments, together with the chemical properties displayed by the different epitopes, clearly indicate that CAR‐5 is different from all previously characterized carcinoma‐associated determinants. Cross‐DDIRMA experiments performed with different “catcher” and “tracer” antibody combinations showed that CAR‐5 epitope may be expressed on the same mucin bearing CA 19‐9, MOv2, DU‐PAN‐2, Lewisa and Lewisb epitopes.
Alcohol consumption in a case‐control study of breast cancer in southern france
Authors: Richardson Sylvia , Vincenzi Isabelle De , Pujol Henri , Gerber Mariette 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk was investigated in a hospital‐based, case‐control stud/ of 808 patients (349 cases and 459 controls) in Montpellier (France). Semi‐quantified diet history including beverage consumption as well as relevant medical and personal characteristics were assessed by interview. A dose‐rate relationship for total alcohol consumption was found with unadjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.8 (95% Cl 1.2‐2.8) for 1 to 2 drinks per week to 3.5 (95% Cl 2.0‐6.1) for more than 17 drinks per week, in comparison with less than I drink per week. Confounding by known or suspected determinants of breast cancer, smoking, use of oral contraceptives, lipid and vitamin consumption was looked into. Significant interactions were found with level of education and lipid consumption, with a higher risk for alcohol in women having had less schooling or consuming less fat. Adjustment with respect to the other risk factors did not modify the relationship. There was a significant risk increase both for wine and stronger drinks. Along with several other studies, our results give support to the hypothesis that alcohol is a risk factor in breast carcinogenesis.
Partial transcription map of Marek's disease herpesvirus in lytically infected cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines
Authors: Schat K. A. , Buckmaster A. , Ross L. J. N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMarek's disease herpesvirus (MDV) can cause either a productive‐restrictive or lytic infection, a latent infection or can transform thymus‐derived lymphocytes. RNA was extracted from infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) or from lym‐phoblastoid tumour cell lines. Some of the infected CEF were treated with 200 μg/ml cycloheximide to identify immediate early (IE) transcripts, and others with I μM l‐(2‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐B‐D‐arabinofuranosyl)‐5‐methyluracil (FMAU), an inhibitor of herpesvirus DNA synthesis to identify early transcripts. An extensive Northern blot analysis was carried out using DNA probes spanning almost the complete MDV genome. In the lytically infected CEF at least 66 discrete transcripts were detected, ranging in size from 9.1 kb to 0.6 kb. Eleven IE transcripts were identified, of which 8 were mapped in the genome segment consisting of the IRL, IRs, Us and TRs. Six transcripts were identified as early genes. In the MD lym‐phoblastoid cell lines MDCC‐HPI, a non‐producer cell line, and MDCC‐CU4I, a non‐expression cell line, 4 and 7 transcripts were detected, respectively. These RNAs were transcribed from IE genes located mainly in the repeat sequences flanking UL and Us and in Us. Treatment of the lymphoblas‐toid cell lines with 20 μ.g/ml 5‐iodo‐2‐deoxyuridine resulted in the additional transcription of I RNA species in HP I and 9 in CU41. Most of the transcripts present in lytically infected cells were also detected in MDCC‐CU36, a cell line with a high percentage of antigen‐positive cells (expression cell line).
Cytomegalovirus enhances lysis of HIV‐infected T lymphoblasts
Authors: Casareale D. , Fiala M. , Chang Cm. , Cone L. A. , Mocarski E. S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA T4+ T lymphoblastoid cell line (CR‐10) persistently infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and designated CR‐1O/NIT was superinfected with cytomegalovirus (CMV) isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with AIDS. A productive CMV cycle in the CR‐1O/NIT lymphoblasts was demonstrated by fluorescent antibody staining (IF) using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the 150‐kDa major capsid protein, by infectivity assays and by electron microscopy (EM). Two‐color IF analysis showed that a small percentage of the CR‐1O/NIT cells were producing both CMV and HIV at any one time. EM studies revealed that all doubly infected cells were lysed whereas most cells infected only with HIV appeared intact. Cell lysis appeared 24 hr after superinfection of the CR‐1O/NIT cells with CMV and progressed to complete destruction of the cell culture between days 9 and 10. Our results suggest that CMV may convert a mildly cytopathic HIV infection of T lymphoblasts into a highly lytic process.
Reversal of drug resistance by erythromycin: Erythromycin increases the accumulation of actinomycin d and doxorubicin in multidrug‐resistant cells
Authors: Hofsli Eva , Nissen‐meyer Jon 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDevelopment of resistance to one type of lipophilic chemo‐therapeutic drug often leads to resistance to other, structural!/ unrelated, lipophilic drugs. This suggests that non‐toxic lipophilic agents may interfere with and reverse drug resistance by saturating the pathway through which multidrug‐resistant (MDR) cells protect themselves against cytotoxic drugs. The lipophilic antibiotic, erythromycin, can significantly reverse the resistance of MDR WEHI 164 murine fibrosarcoma cells to the chemotherapeutic drugs, doxorubicin and actinomycin‐D. The MDR cells showed an approximately 10‐fold higher expression of the P‐glycoprotein than the drug‐sensitive parental cells from which the resistant cells were derived. The accumulation of actinomycin‐D and doxorubicin was much lower in the drug‐resistant cells than in the sensitive parental cells. The concentrations of erythromycin which reversed the drug resistance of the MDR cells increased the accumulation of actinomycin‐D and doxorubicin in these cells to a level comparable to that observed in the sensitive parental cells. Our data suggest that erythromycin reverses drug resistance by saturating the drug‐binding sites on the P‐glycoprotein, thereby reducing the capacity of this protein to pump drugs out of resistant cells. Some of our MDR cells have also become more resistant to tumour necrosis factor (TNF). However, erythromycin did not reverse TNF resistance, suggesting that the mechanisms of multi‐drug and TNF resistance are different. TNF did not influence drug accumulation in MDR cells.
Up‐regulation by granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) of induction of lymphokine (IL‐2)‐activated killer (LAK) cells by human blood monocytes
Authors: Singh Sukh Mahendra , Sone Saburo , Inamura Noriaki , Ogura Takeshi 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe role of recombinant granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) in monocyte‐mediated up‐regulation of lymphokine‐activated killer (LAK) ell induction by IL‐2 was examined. Treatment of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) of healthy donors with GM‐CSF for 4 days in the presence of IL‐2 resulted in a significant increase in LAK activity against natural killer (NK)‐resistant Daudi cells, as assessed by the 4 hr 5lCr‐release assay. For determination of the role of GM‐CSF in LAK induction, highly purified lymphocytes (>99%) and monocytes (>90%) were isolated from MNC by counter‐flow centrifugal elutriation (CCE). Pre‐treatment of monocytes for 4 days with GM‐CSF before addition of lymphocytes plus IL‐2 resulted in a significant dose‐dependent increase in monocyte‐mediated up‐regulation of LAK induction, but in the absence of monocytes GM‐CSF had no effect on LAK cell induction. Similarly, GM‐CSF augmented the proliferative response of lymphocytes to IL‐2 in the presence of monocytes as assessed by 3H‐TdR uptake. Treatment with anti‐GM‐CSF antibody completely abolished up‐regulation of LAK induction by GM‐CSF‐treated monocytes. When blood monocytes were separated into 5 fractions by CCE, GM‐CSF‐responding monocytes were found to be responsible for up‐regulation of LAK induction. These results suggest that GM‐CSF may be important in monocyte‐mediated upregulation of LAK cell induction in vivo.
Development of an animal model to study the biology of recurrent colorectal cancer originating from mesenteric lymph system metastases
Authors: Schackert H. K. , Fidler I. J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe developed an animal model to study the biology and therapy of local‐regional recurrent colorectal cancer. Syngeneic tumor cells or human colon carcinoma cells, respectively, were injected into the lymphoid follicle of the cecum of conventional mice or athymic nude mice. The cecum was resected (at a distant site) at various time points after the injection. Recurrent disease at the site of resection and in regional mesenteric lymph nodes was found in most of the injected mice, even in those whose cecum was resected 10 min after injection. The injection of tumor cells into the lymphoid follicle of the cecum introduces tumor cells into the lymph system of the cecum and the draining mesenteric lymph nodes, and these few cells, which cannot be detected at the time of operation, are the source of recurrent disease. This new animal model should allow us to study the biology and therapy of local and regional colorectal cancer.
The ma le factor in the etiology of cervical cancer among sexually monogamous women
Authors: Brinton Louise A. , Reeves William C. , Brenes Maria M. , Herrero Rolando , Gaitan Eduardo , Tenorio Francisco , de Britton Rosa C. , Garcia Mariana , Rawls William E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTo address the hypothesis that male sexual behavior may affect the etiology of invasive cervical cancer, a case‐control study was undertaken in Panama, Costa Rica, Colombia and Mexico. The study enrolled husbands of those women with invasive cervical cancer and of those age‐matched controls who reported only one lifetime sexual partner. A total of 204 case and 485 control husbands (78% and 72%, respectively, of identified husbands) were interviewed, clinically examined, and had penile swabs taken for papillomavirus assays. Risk increased significantly (p = 0.005) with the number of sexual partners reported by the husband (RR = 2.0 for 26+ vs. <6 partners). Low educational status of the husband was also an important predictor of risk, possibly indicating the role of unmeasured aspects of sexual behavior. Visits to prostitutes, circumcision status and sexually transmitted disease histories were not important predictors of risk, but evidence from clinical examination indicated that poor genital hygiene may be involved. Human papillomavirus (HPV) expression as defined by filter in situ hybridization was detected in 20‐23% of subjects and, except in the small group with both HPV types 6/11 and 16/18, was not related to risk. This may reflect sampling problems in the male or the importance of host factors which enhance viral carcinogenicity in the female.
Re‐targeting of human lymphocytes expressing the T‐cell receptor gamma/delta to ovarian carcinoma cells by the use of bispecific monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Ferrini Silvano , Prigione Ignazia , Mammouti Serafina , Colnaghi Maria Ines , Ménard Sylvie , Moretta Alessandro , Moretta Lorenzo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTcR gamma/delta+ lymphocytes represent a small subset homogeneously composed of cytolytic T cells displaying unique motility and homing properties. Since the lytic machinery of these cells can be efficiently triggered by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to the TcR gamma/delta, such MAbs were used for the construction of bispecific MAbs in conjunction with an MAb specific for ovarian carcinoma cells. Hybrid hybridomas were obtained by fusing the Mov19 MAb (IgG2a)‐producing hybridoma with either GI (IgG2a) or A13 (IgG1) hybridomas, secreting MAbs specific for 2 peripheral blood subsets of TcR gamma/delta+ lymphocytes. Hybrid hybridomas producing bispecific MAbs were screened according to their ability to induce ovarian carcinoma (IGROVI) target cell lysis by GI+ or A13+ T cell clones, respectively. The Gl‐derived GM33.9 bispecific MAb induced selective lysis of Mov19+ ovarian carcinoma target cells only by GI+ clones, whereas the A13‐derived AM 18.4 MAb was effective only in combination with A13+ clones. Neither the anti‐TcR gamma/ delta nor the Mov19 parental MAbs (used alone or in combination) induced target‐cell lysis. The hybrid nature (IgG1/ lgG2a) of the AM 18.4 bispecific MAb was indicated by 2‐color immunofluorescence experiments. Thus, both ovarian carcinoma and A13+ effector cells were double stained by AM18.4 bispecific MAb followed by PE‐conjugated anti‐IgG1 and FITC‐conjugated anti‐IgG2a second reagents. Polyclonal TcR gamma/delta+ cells were obtained by direct stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Sepharose bead‐conjugated anti‐TcR gamma/delta MAbs and IL‐2. The lines so obtained contained more than 90% of TcR gamma/delta+cells after 4 weeks of culture, with an increase in TcR gamma/ delta+ cell numbers ranging from 200 to 1,000‐fold. These TcR gamma/delta+ cell lines efficiently lysed ovarian carcinoma target cells in the presence of bispecific MAb and may therefore represent a suitable source of effector cells for induction of ovarian carcinoma cell lysis.
Establishment of human malignant mesothelioma cell lines
Authors: Versnel Marjan A. , Bouts Monique J. , Hoogsteden Henk C. , Van Kwast Theodorus H. Der , Delahaye Mick , Hagemeijer Anne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeventeen human malignant mesothelioma cell lines were isolated from 61 samples (46 effusions, 9 biopsies and 6 tumors obtained at autopsy) collected from patients with a confirmed malignant mesothelioma. The method used is given in detail. Cytogenetic analysis of growing cultures is the best indicator to determine whether the observed proliferation concerns malignant or normal mesothelial cells. The addition of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and hydrocortisone (HC), or EGF alone, to the culture medium increases the chances of successful isolation of a malignant mesothelioma cell line.
Time‐dependent toxicity of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy: Separate and combined administration
Authors: Peleg L. , Ashkenazi I. E. , Carlebach R. , Chaitchik S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTime‐dependent toxicity of 3 anti‐cancer drugs was demonstrated in BALB/c mice. Cisplatinum, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide were injected at 4 different circadian stages, either together (combined injection) or separately, to different groups of mice. Toxicity was evaluated by body‐weight changes, mortality and white blood cell counts. Maximal body‐weight loss was caused by the administration of either Cisplatinum or the combination of all 3 drugs at 15.00 hr and 21.00 hr, i.e., 9 and 15 hr after fight on (HALO). Only moderate body weight loss was induced when adriamycin was injected at 09.00 hr or at 21.00 hr (3 and 15 HALO). In contrast to Cisplatinum and adriamycin, cyclophosphamide induced no significant change in body weight when injected at either time. The highest level of mortality was caused by the injection of all 3 drugs together at 21.00 hr (15 HALO). No death occurred when drugs were administered separately. The rate of recovery (as assessed by weight regain) also exhibited dependence upon the time of drug administration and was the slowest after injections at 21.00 hr (15 HALO). It appears, therefore, that the time‐dependence modes of toxicity and recovery (as assessed by body‐weight change) are different. The decrease in white blood cell count also exhibited a time‐dependence pattern which differed from that of weight loss and death.
Characterization of a newly established, TA‐4‐producing squamous carcinoma cell line derived from metastatic tongue carcinoma
Authors: Nakano Shuji , Nakayama Masaaki , Ichinose Ichiro , Mitsugi Kenji , Nagafuchi Seiho , Niho Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA human squamous carcinoma cell line was established from the pleural effusion of a patient with recurrent squamous carcinoma of the tongue. The cell line, designated HST‐I, has been passaged 82 times over a period of 4 years. The cells have been shown by light and electron microscopy to be of the squamous epithelial type. Immuno‐histochemical staining was positive for keratin. When these cells were transplanted into athymic nude mice, tumors developed at the site of inoculation, which on histological examination were shown to be well‐differentiated squamous carcinomas. Karyotypic analysis of cells from the cell line demonstrated an aneuploid human type with a modal chromosome number of 71, with both numerical and structural aberrations. HST‐I cells produce and secrete TA‐4, a squamous‐cell carcinoma‐related antigen, in vitro in culture and in vivo in nude mice bearing the tumors produced by inoculation of cultured cells. Thus, the HST‐I cell line represents a new human tongue squamous carcinoma producing TA‐4. This cell line appears useful for facilitating therapeutic investigations as well as biological studies on the association between cancerous growth and circulating TA‐4 levels.
Development of splenic natural suppressor (NS) cells in ehrlich tumor‐bearing mice
Authors: Subiza Jose L. , Vinuela Juan E. , Rodriguez Rosa , Gil Juana , Figueredo M. Angeles , de la Concha Emilio G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSpleen cells from C57BL/6J mice bearing Ehrlich carcinoma growing as a solid tumor show progressive unresponsiveness to concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mitogens. This is accompanied by striking spleen enlargement with marked hematopoietic activity. Lymphoproliferative assays of normal spleen cells in co‐culture with tumor‐bearing spleen cells (TBSC) show that: (a) TBSC contain non‐specific suppressor cells able to abrogate both Con A and LPS responses, or mixed lymphocyte reaction, of normal spleen cells and (b) suppression by TBSC is MHC‐unrestricted, non‐prostaglandin‐mediated and greatly enhanced by Con A su‐pernatants. Suppressor cells associated with TBSC are large, low‐density cells without markers of mature B or T lymphocytes or of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Most appear to be asialo‐GM,‐negative, as suppression was only partially inhibited by treatment with anti‐asialo‐GM, and complement. Since NK activity is lacking in TBSC, our data strongly suggest that these “null” suppressor cells are related to the natural suppressor (NS) cells found described in normal bonemarrow and neonatal spleens, or induced in adult spleens by total lymphoid irradiation, graft‐vs.‐host disease, or cyclophosphamide treatment.