bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case study: ADEM-like lesions as a first clinical event in highly active multiple sclerosis
Authors: Costa Vinicius Gabriel Coutinho , Raposo-Vedovi Jéssica Vasques , Fernandes Renan Amphilophio , Salvio Andreza Lemos , Duarte Larissa Araújo , Pereira Valéria Coelho Santa Rita , Silva Marcos Martins da , Gomes Flávia Carvalho Alcantara , de Souza Jorge Paes Barreto Marcondes , Alves-Leon Soniza Vieira 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune cause of neurological disability. Among its risk factors, it may be related to viral triggers. The advent of COVID-19 raises concern as a novel cause of CNS autoimmunity, which may be a response to virus antigens. In this context, we present a case of highly active multiple sclerosis onset two weeks after SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccination.
Case description: A young woman had lower limb paresthesia which quickly evolved into tetraplegia. She had oligoclonal bands on CSF, with cervical myelitis and a brain MRI suggestive of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. The highest EDSS observed was 9.5 and sustained remission was only achieved after natalizumab treatment was initiated, reaching EDSS 1.5.
Discussion: Case evaluation involved the use of plasma biomarkers. While neurodegeneration biomarkers NfL, GFAP, Tau and UCHL1 decreased, the subject appeared to have sustained inflammatory activity with increased CRP, CD-14, TLR4, IL-1β and IL-17A even after remission. Neuroprotective cytokine TGFβ content was also lower. The existence of blackhole-like lesions at first MRI evaluation and individual risk factors in the form of TNF (rs1800629), SOD2 (rs4880) and FCGR2A (rs1801274) gene variants suggest previous subclinical disease, being impossible to define vaccination as a causative factor. Furthermore, review of previously reported cases of MS onset after a SARS-CoV2 vaccine showed a total of 28 cases, with a mean EDSS of 2.44 at the time of worst disability and highly heterogenous exposition intervals. The highest reported EDSS was 3.5. At least 17 subjects achieved remission.
Conclusions: Atypical presentations of MS at onset present a challenge which may benefit from precision assays. SARS-CoV2 vaccination appears as a confounder in this case, its relationship with MS activation seeming to be a rare event with low morbidity. The authors understand this case study illustrates how, in an epidemiological standpoint, vaccination benefits still outweigh the risks perceived.
A national-wide survey on clinical implementation of pharmacogenetic testing into precision therapeutics for Chinese children: A long way before standard clinical practice
Authors: Wu Wen-wen , Guo Hong-Li , Li Yue , Hu Ya-Hui , He Huan , Xu Jing , Wang Xiao-ling , Chen Feng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate and understand the implementation of genetic testing for the personalized medication (GTPM) in children’s hospitals in mainland China.
METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 50 pediatric hospitals from 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across mainland China, and statistical analysis and recommendations were made.
RESULTS: A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed and 38 valid responses were returned, giving a response rate of 76.0%. All 38 questionnaires were included in the study, with an effective rate of 100.0%. The GTPM program was carried out in 15 of the hospitals participating in the study, but only 6 hospitals had offered pharmcogenetic tests for no less than five drug-related genes, and only 5 hospitals had covered more than ten drugs, which was a small scale overall. 20.0% of the laboratories did not conduct internal quality control, and 33.3% did not participate in inter-laboratory quality assessment. 46.7% of the practitioners did not receive external training.
CONCLUSION: Although GTPM in pediatrics has made major progress in mainland China in recent years, there are still various problems in terms of software, hardware configuration, personnel allocation, business scale, quality control, and result interpretation. This requires joint efforts of health administration, medical insurance departments, researchers, and hospitals to promote and improve GTPM.
The Plasma Exosomal MicroRNA let-7c-5p as a Potential Circulating Biomarker for Mycobacterium Infection in HIV Population
Authors: Xu Shuibao , Zhang Xinyu , Song Zichen , Xun Jingna , Zhang Renfang , Liu Li , Wang Zhenyan , Qi Tangkai , Sun Jianjun , Song Wei , Tang Yang , Yang Junyang , Chen Youming , Chen Jun , Shen Yinzhong , Lu Hongzhou 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mycobacterium infection is common in the HIV population. Traditional diagnostic methods have low sensitivity and are time-consuming (smear and culture), and GeneXpert technology is economically expensive. Current testing methods rely on obtaining specimens at the site of the lesion, which is a limitation. Therefore, new biomarkers are urgently needed for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium infection in the HIV population. This study aimed to explore aberrant exosomal miRNA profiles by using miRNA high-throughput sequencing and to identify more accurate molecular biomarkers of Mycobacterium infection in HIV patients.
Methods
Exosomes were isolated from the plasma of HIV patients infected with Mycobacterium and negative controls and identified by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting. Exosomal miRNAs were profiled by miRNA high-throughput sequencing. The expression of selected plasma exosomal miRNAs was validated by qRT‒PCR. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to explore the diagnostic value of the selected miRNAs.
Results
In this study, the plasma exosomal miRNA let-7c-5p, which is significantly upregulated in HIV patients with Mycobacterium infection, was screened by high-throughput sequencing as a candidate biomarker. qRT‒PCR verified that the plasma exosomal miRNA let-7c-5p was significantly upregulated in Mycobacterium-infected HIV patients. The ROC curve showed an area under the curve value of 0.9833 for exosomal miRNA let-7c-5p.
Conclusion
Our findings suggested that exosomal let-7c-5p was significantly increased in the plasma of Mycobacterium-infected HIV patients. Exosomal let-7c-5p may be a useful potential biomarker for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium infection in HIV patients.
Integrated geophysical prospecting for deep ore detection in the Yongxin gold mining area, Heilongjiang, China
Authors: Yin Yechang , Chen Jun , Zhao Zhonghai , Yang Yuanjiang , Li Chenglu , Li Haina , Zhao Xiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Geophysical exploration techniques are crucial in facilitating accurate mineral prospecting predictions, but relying solely on single methods can introduce uncertainties. In this study, we employed audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) methods, complemented by gravimetric surveying and high-resolution magnetic profiling in the Yongxin gold deposit. Utilizing advanced three-dimensional modeling techniques, we were able to precisely delineate the lithological variations and deep-seated mineralization features inherent to the area. The inversion and interpretation of cross-sectional AMT data illuminated the subsurface structure down to a depth of 1.5 kilometers. This enhanced data reliability was achieved through an integrated interpretation constrained by gravity, magnetic, and electrical datasets, thereby enabling a more accurate inference of the deeper geological framework. Furthermore, by amalgamating regional geological data, drilling information, and additional datasets, we uncovered the characteristics of deep mineralization, the three-dimensional configuration of mineralization-related rock masses, and the spatial orientation of known ore deposits. This approach facilitated a transparent visualization of the deeper geological formations. A thorough analysis was conducted on the distribution patterns of ore-controlling structures and exploration markers. Consequently, we have established a geological-geophysical model tailored for mineral exploration within the study area, which provides an effective reference for future deep exploration work.
An Ultra Lightweight Neural Network for Automatic Modulation Classification in Drone Communications
Authors: Wang Mengtao , Fang Shengliang , Fan Youchen , Li Jinming , Zhao Yi , Wang Yuying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is crucial for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems in non-cooperative communications. It enables UAVs to effectively identify and track signals transmitted by other communication devices. Deep Learning (DL) has been successfully applied to AMC to improve the accuracy of signal classification. Despite this, many DL-based AMC methods, due to their large number of parameters and high computational complexity, cannot be directly applied to UAV platforms with limited computing power and storage space. To address this challenge, we propose an ultra-lightweight neural network (ULNN). This network incorporates a lightweight convolutional structure, attention mechanism, and cross-channel feature fusion technique. Additionally, we introduce data augmentation (DA) based on signal phase offsets during the model training process, aimed at improving the model’s generalization ability and preventing overfitting. Through experimental validation on the public dataset RML2016.10A, our proposed ULNN network achieves an average precision of 62.83% with only 8,815 parameters and reaches a peak classification accuracy of 92.11% at SNR = 10dB. This demonstrates that our proposed ULNN network maintains high recognition accuracy while keeping the model lightweight, making it highly suitable for deployment in resource constrained environments.
Optimizing photosynthetic light-harvesting under stars: Generalized thermodynamic models
Authors: Chitnavis Samir , Gray Callum , Rousouli Ifigeneia , Gillen Edward , Mullineaux Conrad W. , Haworth Thomas J. , Duffy Christopher D. P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Since the law of physics and chemistry are universal, we must be able to use them to determine the feasibility and potential characteristics of photosynthetic life on exoplanets. Photosynthesis is the cornerstone of Earth’s complex biosphere and creates bio-signatures pivotal in the search for life beyond Earth. However, stars of lower temperature (𝑻𝒔) diminish the intersection between the irradiance at an exoplanet's surface and the wavelengths of light (400 nm ≤ 𝝀 < 700 nm) required for oxygenic photosynthesis, which includes Earth’s plants and cyanobacteria. This does not automatically preclude photosynthesis around such stars, since Earth's photosynthetic organisms have developed highly-specialized light-harvesting structures, known as antennae, to overcome extremely light-limiting conditions. Here, we construct a generalized thermodynamic model of a photosynthetic antenna and evaluate photosynthetic performance across various stellar spectra. We demonstrate that the light-harvesting process, entailing the capture of light across a broad area and channeling it to a small reaction centre, encounters an intrinsic entropic barrier that constrains its efficiency. Through structural and energetic optimizations of our model, we uncover strategies to alleviate the entropic barrier, akin to those seemingly adopted during the evolution of cyanobacteria. We propose that a cyanobacterial-like antenna is thermodynamically optimized even for the coolest M-dwarf stars (𝑻𝒔 ∼ 2300 K) while a plant-like antenna would face severe entropic constraints. By incorporating thermodynamics into biology, our models help linearize the search for photosynthesis based on the stellar spectra an exoplanet receives.
Enhancing Sulfate Attack Resistance of Cement Mortar through Innovative Nano-Silica and Nano-Cellulose Incorporation: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: El-Feky M. S. , Badawy Amr. H. , Mayhoub Ola A. , Kohail M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Sulfate attack is a degradation mechanism that takes place when cement mortar is subjected to a medium that is abundant in sulfate ions. In this study, the effects of nano silica and nano cellulose, whether combined or separate on sulfate attack resistance in cement mortars were studied. The designed mixtures were assessed for durability through sulfate attack regarding compressive strength at different ages 30, 90, and 180 days. SEM images were used to determine the formation of the hydration phases of the matrix after immersion in the solution. Results showed that hybrid nano cellulose and nano-silica in cement mortar increase sulfate attack resistance by modifying the C-S-H gel and CH, prolonging the expansive conversion of calcium hydroxide (CH) to gypsum in the cement mortar system. This study ensures that nanomaterials offer potential solutions for improving the long-term performance of concrete structures in sulfate-rich environments, contributing to the sustainable development of infrastructure.
Clinical control in COPD and therapeutic implications: The EPOCONSUL audit
Authors: Rubio Myriam Calle , Miravitlles Marc , Soler-Cataluña Juan José , López-Campos José Luis , Navarrete Bernardino Alcázar , Ferrer Manuel E. Fuentes , Hermosa Juan Luis Rodríguez 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical control in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the consequences in terms of treatment decisions and their potentially associated factors during follow-up of patients in real-life clinical practice.
Methods: EPOCONSUL 2021 is a cross-sectional audit that evaluated the outpatient care provided to patients with a diagnosis of COPD in respiratory clinics in Spain and multivariable logistic regression models was performed to assess the relationships between clinical control and clinical inertia.
Results: 4225 patients from 45 hospitals in Spain were audited. In 1804 (42.7%) patients were analysed clinical control for having all the GesEPOC criteria. 49.1% of patients were classified as uncontrolled, and of them, in 42.2% there was a disagreement with the doctor's perception, which was reported in visit as good control. There was therapeutic inertia (TI), not taking any change or action in the treatment of COPD, in 68.4% of uncontrolled patients and in 9.1% uncontrolled patients not taking any action was made at the visit. Factors associated with TI in uncontrolled patients were there is disagreement in the degree of control reported by the doctor who performed the visit [Physician's perception is controlled versus uncontrolled, OR: 3.37 (2.33- 4.88), p<0.001] and having a lower burden of associated comorbidities [Charlson comorbidity index ≥3 versus <3, OR 0.8 (0.1–3.0), p=0.014]. The probability of a doctor having a disagreement in the perception in uncontrolled patients was lower in patients with severe exacerbations [OR 0.3 (0.17 – 0.78), p=0.009] or with more exacerbations in the last year [OR 0.6 (9.4 – 0.9), p=0.019]. Uncontrolled patients in whom their physician's perceived control was referred to as good are 2.7 less likely to receive a therapeutic action at the visit, and 4.7 more likely to be scheduled for a longer check-up.
Conclusions: Therapeutic inertia exists in more than half of uncontrolled patients and is more likely when there was disagreement with the criteria of the physician responsible for the visit who reported that there was good control, this being more likely in the patient with less history of exacerbations.
Obstetric Sacroiliac Joint Injury: A Case Report and Discussion
Authors: Nguyen Thy , Porragas-Paseiro Hector , McKenney Kathryn 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
Sacroiliac joint injury during vaginal delivery is an uncommon but important cause of acute postpartum pelvic pain.
Case Presentation:
The patient is a 29-year-old gravida-6 para-3 who had an uncomplicated vaginal birth at 39.0 weeks. Shortly after delivery, the patient developed severe right-sided sacral pain. Pelvic MRI revealed tearing of the anterior sacroiliac joint capsule. CT-guided corticosteroid injection initially alleviated symptoms, but the patient developed worsening pain and recurrent fevers. Septic sacroiliitis was confirmed based on joint aspirate cultures positive for S. pneumoniae and rare Haemophilus, and the patient subsequently received intravenous antibiotics. Her recovery was protracted, requiring pain management, physical therapy, and psychiatric support.
Conclusions:
This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing postpartum sacroiliac joint injury and emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary management to prevent delayed treatment and reduce morbidity. Notably, this is the first reported case of postpartum sacroiliitis involving Haemophilus.
Association of diet during pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a cross-sectional study of pregnant women 20-44 years of age
Authors: Li Yan , Meng Yizi , Mo Yanxiang , He Jin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Gestational weight gain (GWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as two major adverse pregnancy outcomes, could be affected by diet patterns, and GWG also influenced GDM. Therefore, we aimed to explore the four diet quality scores and two adverse pregnancy outcomes in a more macroscopic way.
Methods
667 women for GWG part and 333 women for GDM part who were pregnant from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aged 20 to 44 years, were involved in this study, respectively. Four diet quality scores including dietary inflammatory index (DII), dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010 (AHEI-2010) were chosen in this study.
Results
The results of the logistic regression showed that HEI increasing reduced the risk of insufficient GWG (P = 0.002), OR was 0.888(0.825,0.956). A-HEI increasing reduced the risks of insufficient GWG and excessive GWG (P = 0.002, P < 0.001), ORs were 0.840(0.754,0.935) and 0.797(0.729,0.871), respectively. Increased DII was a risk factor for the development of GDM (P = 0.012), OR was 1.931(1.163,3.205), and DASH increasing reduced the risk of GDM (P = 0.028), OR was 0.677(0.479,0.957). These associations were robust after excluding the diabetic patients. For pregnant women with GWG, DASH was negatively associated with the risk of GDM.
Conclusion
Adherence to healthy dietary pattern was associated with decreased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We recommended advanced maternal age women adhere to HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 to prevent GWG. For pregnant women with GWG, adherence to DASH was beneficial to GDM.
Screening of molecular markers associated with hornless traits in Qira black sheep
Authors: Zhou Wen , Li Xiaopeng , Zhang Xuechen , Han Zhipeng , Peng Yuwei , Bai Xinyu , Yang Ruizhi , Liu Shudong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Hornless trait in sheep is one of the important traits affecting their economic production efficiency. In order to screen the molecular markers related to hornless trait in Qira black sheep, we used Illumina Ovine 50K SNP chip data of 189 Qira black sheep, which were divided into two groups based on their horned and hornless traits, and used the horned trait group as the reference group, and performed XP-EHH analysis with the hornless group. The hornless group was subjected to iHS and Pi analyses. After annotating the relevant candidate regions based on the sheep 4.0 genome microarray data, 681 candidate genes were obtained from the XP-EHH analysis, 87 candidate genes from the iHS analysis, and 2,171 candidate genes from the Pi analysis, and a total of 19 candidate genes were obtained from further analysis of the candidate regions. RXFP2, TNS3, EYA2 and OCSTAMP were recognized as candidate genes for the hornless trait in Qira black sheep.
Implementing digital interventions for co-occurring mental health and alcohol and other drug use problems in health and community settings: A study protocol for the eCliPSE cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Heinsch Milena , Wells Hannah , Tickner Campbell , Sampson Dara , Rich Jane , Carlson Jamie , Teesson Maree , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Sunderland Matthew , Christensen Helen , Haber Paul , Morley Kirsten , Baillie Andrew , Wyllie Jessica , Shaw Timothy , Chatterton Mary Lou , Corliss Clare , Gulhati Gurmeher , Simmonette Danielle , Thornton Louise , Kay-Lambkin Frances 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Mental health and alcohol and other drug use problems consistently dominate the top causes of disease burden in Australians. eHealth stands to be a key tool in addressing these issues but is not routinely well-integrated into service provision models. This study will evaluate the uptake of the digital ecosystem and website, eCliPSE [electronic Clinical Pathways to Service Excellence], developed to improve the symptoms of mental health and alcohol and other drug use problems in people experiencing comorbidity. It will compare two different implementation strategies designed to engage consumers and health services with the eCliPSE website.
Methods
A cluster randomised controlled trial involving participants from 30 Australian mental health and alcohol and other drug use services will be conducted across 15 local health districts in NSW. Each district will be randomised to receive one of two interventions: (1) a Direct-to-Consumer [DtC] Marketing Strategy, or (2) the DtC strategy in addition to an Integrated Translation and Engagement Model [ITEM] of implementation developed by the research team. The effectiveness of each strategy in encouraging uptake of eCliPSE (number of registrations) will be evaluated and compared. Data will be collected using a combination of the eCliPSE website and social media analytics, quantitative surveys, ethnographic observation, document review and qualitative interviews. An economic evaluation will also estimate the cost-effectiveness of DtC + ITEM and budget impact of the strategies, if implemented across Australia.
Discussion
It is expected that the DtC marketing strategy will result in significant uptake of eCliPSE, that districts receiving DtC + ITEM will demonstrate significantly greater uptake of eCliPSE than those receiving DtC only, and that the combined strategy will be cost-effective compared to DtC alone. Findings from this study will inform future integration and upscaling of digital health tools into traditional service settings for mental health and alcohol and other drug use across Australia.
Trial registration
This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry as: The eCliPSE Project: Implementing evidence-based eHealth interventions for comorbid mental health and alcohol and other drug use problems into health and community settings. The registration number is ACTRN12622000333718.