bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of sentinel node biopsy in ductal carcinomain situof the breast
Authors: Ansari B , Ogston S A , Purdie C A , Adamson D J , Brown D C , Thompson A M 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe need for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is debated. Advocates recommend such biopsy based on a high incidence of SLN involvement in some series. Opponents discourage SLN biopsy based on a perceived low incidence of nodal involvement in this setting. These contradictory arguments are generally based on small studies. The present study is a meta-analysis of the reported data on the incidence of SLN metastasis in patients with DCIS.MethodsA search of electronic databases identified studies reporting the frequency of SLN metastases in DCIS. The random-effects method was used to combine data.ResultsTwenty-two published series were included in the meta-analysis. The estimate for the incidence of SLN metastases in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of DCIS was 7·4 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 6·2 to 8·9) per cent compared with 3·7 (95 per cent c.i. 2·8 to 4·8) per cent in patients with a definitive (postoperative) diagnosis of DCIS alone. This was a significant difference with an odds ratio of 2·11 (95 per cent c.i. 1·15 to 2·93).ConclusionPatients with a preoperative diagnosis of DCIS should be considered for SLN biopsy.
Rejuvenate an old Tinius Olsen machine with computer data acquisition using its existing hardware and LabVIEW
Authors: Zhao J. , Abu‐Mulaweh H. I. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAn innovative approach to integrate computer data acquisition to an old Tinius Olsen machine is described. The upgrade utilized the existing hardware of the Tinius Olsen machine and National Instruments data acquisition hardware and LabVIEW software. A potentiometer that is geared to the dial servo gives the signal for load applied, while an LVDT based extensometer provides the signal for elongation of the specimen. The potentiometer output and the extensometer output were first calibrated against the load and elongation, respectively. These two signals were then hooked up directly to the data acquisition hardware and a LabVIEW program was written to process the signals and generate the real time stress‐strain curve. The data can also be stored in a computer file for later processing of the stress‐strain curve. The upgrade of this machine used pre‐existing equipments and was accomplished with zero cost to the engineering department at Indiana University‐Purdue University Fort Wayne. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 16: 165–171, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae20136
An Iminoboronate Construction Set for Subcomponent Self‐Assembly
Authors: Hutin Marie , Bernardinelli Gérald , Nitschke Jonathan R. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractRecently we have demonstrated a series of systems in which complex structures were created from simple amine and aldehyde subcomponents by copper(I)‐templated imine bond formation. We describe herein the extension of this “subcomponent self‐assembly” concept to the generation of structures based upon the iminoboronate ester motif. Equimolar amounts of diol, amine, and 2‐formylphenylboronic acid reacted by reversible BO and CN bond formation to generate iminoboronate esters, as has recently been reported by James et al. (Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 609–612). The extent of ester formation was shown to depend upon a number of factors. The exploration of these factors allowed rules and predictions to be formulated governing the self‐assembly process. These rules allowed the construction of more complex structures containing multiple boron atoms, including a trigonal cage containing six boron centers, as well as pointing the way to the construction of yet more intricate architectures. The lability of the BO and CN bonds also allowed different diol and amine subcomponents to be substituted within these structures. Selection rules were also determined for these substitution reactions, allowing the products to be predicted based upon the electronic properties of the diols and diamines employed. These results thus demonstrate the generality of the subcomponent self‐assembly methodology through its application to a new dynamic covalent system.
Hearing in a diurnal, mute butterfly,Morpho peleides(Papilionoidea, Nymphalidae)
Authors: Lane Karla A. , Lucas Kathleen M. , Yack Jayne E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractButterflies use visual and chemical cues when interacting with their environment, but the role of hearing is poorly understood in these insects. Nymphalidae (brush‐footed) butterflies occur worldwide in almost all habitats and continents, and comprise more than 6,000 species. In many species a unique forewing structure—Vogel's organ—is thought to function as an ear. At present, however, there is little experimental evidence to support this hypothesis. We studied the functional organization of Vogel's organ in the common blue morpho butterfly,Morpho peleides, which represents the majority of Nymphalidae in that it is diurnal and does not produce sounds. Our results confirm that Vogel's organ possesses the morphological and physiological characteristics of a typical insect tympanal ear. The tympanum has an oval‐shaped outer membrane and a convex inner membrane. Associated with the inner surface of the tympanum are three chordotonal organs, each containing 10–20 scolopidia. Extracellular recordings from the auditory nerve show that Vogel's organ is most sensitive to sounds between 2‐4 kHz at median thresholds of 58 dB SPL. Most butterfly species that possess Vogel's organ are diurnal, and mute, so bat detection and conspecific communication can be ruled out as roles for hearing. We hypothesize that Vogel's organs in butterflies such asM. peleideshave evolved to detect flight sounds of predatory birds. The evolution and taxonomic distribution of butterfly hearing organs are discussed. J. Comp. Neurol. 508:677–686, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Eulerian moving front algorithm with weak‐form tip asymptotics for modeling hydraulically driven fractures
Authors: Peirce Anthony , Detournay Emmanuel 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe coupled equations for a propagating hydraulic fracture (HF) exhibit a multi‐scale structure for which resolution on all length scales becomes computationally prohibitive. Asymptotic analysis is able to identify the dominant physical process active at the computational length scale. This paper describes a novel algorithm that uses weak‐form tip asymptotics on a rectangular Eulerian mesh to solve the problem of a propagating HF. The location of the fracture front is determined within each tip element by matching the volume associated with the known asymptotic solution to the flux of fluid into the given element. Even if the fracture front is curved, the algorithm is able to capture the solution on a relatively coarse rectangular mesh by implementing a weak form of the tip asymptotic solution, based on averaging the volume over a tip element to determine the fracture widths at tip element centers. The fracture is divided into a ‘channel’ region made up of elements that are filled with fluid and a ‘tip’ region comprising partially filled elements. An iterative procedure is used to determine the fracture widths and fluid pressures in the channel region and the fracture font locations in the tip regions. The algorithm is tested by analyzing an HF propagating in a viscosity‐dominated regime within an impermeable homogeneous elastic material for which a similarity solution is available. The numerical results show close agreement with the exact solution even though a relatively coarse mesh is used. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On large deformation hyperelasto‐plasticity of anisotropic materials
Authors: Jeremić Boris , Cheng Zhao 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe main goal of this paper is to bring forward and explore the issue of constitutive integrations in large deformation regime for anisotropic hyperelasto‐plastic material models. Of particular interest is the appropriate treatment of cases with non‐coaxiality of principal stress and its conjugate hyperelastic strain. The non‐coaxiality can result from hyperelastic anisotropy, anisotropic flow directions or anisotropic yield function. In addition to discussing issues related to non‐coaxiality, a constitutive integration algorithm is presented in some detail that is designed to be applicable to anisotropic non‐coaxial (as well as to isotropic) hyperelastic–plastic solids. A numerical example is used to illustrate the problem. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pushing the envelope: Developmental regulation by the nuclear lamina
Authors: Kiefer Julie C. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA surprising realization in recent years was that proteins of the nuclear lamina directly regulate gene expression and cell differentiation. Presented here are examples that highlight the diverse roles these proteins can inhabit. Accompanying the primer is a discussion of current topics in the field with nuclear lamina experts Colin Stewart, Ph.D., and Yosef Gruenbaum, Ph.D. Developmental Dynamics 237:1526‐1533, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression and regulation of the decoy bone morphogenetic protein receptor BAMBI in the developing avian face
Authors: Higashihori Norihisa , Song Yiping , Richman Joy M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractHere, we examine the expression and regulation of the gene BAMBI, a kinase‐deficient decoy receptor capable of interacting with type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors in avian embryos. Initially, expression was limited to the endoderm during neurula and pharyngula stages. From embryonic day 3.5 (stage 20) and onward, BAMBI expression almost perfectly overlapped with known expression patterns for BMP4, particularly in the face and limbs. We performed bead implant experiments in the face to see which signals could be repressing or promoting expression of BAMBI. Our data point to retinoids and BMPs as being major positive regulators of BAMBI expression; however, fibroblast growth factor 2 acts to repress BAMBI. Furthermore, retinoic acid is likely to act directly on BAMBI as induction occurs in the presence of cycloheximide. The data suggested that BAMBI could be used to regulate Bmp signaling during tissue interactions that are an integral part of facial morphogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 237:1500‐1508, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human Thy‐1 induces secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 and CXCL8 from human neutrophils
Authors: Saalbach Anja , Arnhold Jürgen , Leßig Jacqueline , Simon Jan C. , Anderegg Ulf 
Published: April 2008

AbstractNeutrophils are the first cells arriving at sites of acute inflammation. On their way from blood to the site of inflammation, neutrophils have to adhere to endothelial cells (EC), to transverse the basement membrane and subsequently to travel through the interstitial matrix. Recently, we have shown that human Thy‐1 is an alternate EC receptor for the leukocyte integrin Mac‐1 that contributes to leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation, providing a new pathway for adhesion and transmigration of neutrophils. Here, we studied the effect of Thy‐1‐mediated adhesion on neutrophil functions. Binding of neutrophils to recombinant human Thy‐1 stimulated the release of MMP‐9 from neutrophils, resulting in their enhanced migration through collagen‐IV and matrigel. Further, we showed that neutrophil interaction with Thy‐1 stimulated secretion of CXCL8 and thus could support the attraction of additional neutrophils to inflammatory sites. Blocking experiments confirmed the pivotal roles of Thy‐1 on activated dermal EC or fibroblasts and its counter receptor CD18 on neutrophils for the regulation of MMP‐9 and CXCL8 release from neutrophils. Our results support the general concept that the function of ‘adhesion molecules’ in particular of human Thy‐1, may not only be to provide mechanical support but also regulate neutrophil functions.
Interleukin‐10‐induced MARCH1 mediates intracellular sequestration of MHC class II in monocytes
Authors: Thibodeau Jacques , Bourgeois‐Daigneault Marie‐Claude , Huppé Gabrielle , Tremblay Jessy , Aumont Angélique , Houde Mathieu , Bartee Eric , Brunet Alexandre , Gauvreau Marie‐Elaine , de Gassart Aude , Gatti Evelina , Baril Martin , Cloutier Maryse , Bontron Séverine , Früh Klaus , Lamarre Daniel , Steimle Viktor 
Published: April 2008

AbstractIL‐10 is a potent anti‐inflammatory cytokine interfering with antigen presentation by inducing the intracellular sequestration of MHC class II (MHC‐II) molecules. Here we studied the contribution of membrane‐associated RING‐CH (MARCH) ubiquitin ligase family members to the IL‐10‐induced down‐regulation of MHC‐II molecules. We found that MARCH1 and MARCH8 proteins are the most potent family members for the down‐regulation of MHC‐II surface expression in transfected cells, but only MARCH1 mRNA expression is strongly induced by IL‐10 in human primary monocytes. We detected mono‐ and poly‐ubiquitinated forms of MHC‐II molecules both in IL‐10‐treated monocytes and in cells transfected with MARCH1. We also show direct interaction between MHC‐II and MARCH1 molecules in co‐immunoprecipitation assays. Finally, we found that siRNA‐mediated knockdown of MARCH1 reverses IL‐10‐induced MHC‐II down‐regulation in primary monocytes. Thus, the immunosuppressive effect of IL‐10 on antigen presentation is mediated through induced expression of MARCH1.
Nanoparticles target distinct dendritic cell populations according to their size
Authors: Manolova Vania , Flace Anna , Bauer Monika , Schwarz Katrin , Saudan Philippe , Bachmann Martin F. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe efficiency of a vaccine largely depends on the appropriate targeting of the innate immune system, mainly through prolonged delivery of antigens and immunomodulatory substances to professional antigen‐presenting cells in the lymphoid environment. Particulate antigens, such as virus‐like particles (VLP) induce potent immune responses. However, little is known about the relative importance of direct drainage of free antigen to lymph nodes (LN) versus cellular transport and the impact of particle size on the process. Here, we show that nanoparticles traffic to the draining LN in a size‐dependent manner. Whereas large particles (500–2000 nm) were mostly associated with dendritic cells (DC) from the injection site, small (20–200 nm) nanoparticles and VLP (30 nm) were also found in LN‐resident DC and macrophages, suggesting free drainage of these particles to the LN. In vivo imaging studies in mice conditionally depleted of DC confirmed the capacity of small but not large particles to drain freely to the LN and demonstrated that DC are strictly required for transport of large particles from the injection site to the LN. These data provide evidence that particle size determines the mechanism of trafficking to the LN and show that only small nanoparticles can specifically target LN‐resident cells.
Phospha‐michael reactions involving p‐heterocyclic nucleophiles
Authors: Keglevich György , Sipos Melinda , Takács Daniella , Ludányi Krisztina 
Published: April 2008

AbstractP‐heterocyclic γ‐ketophosphonates were synthesized by the Michael reaction of methyl vinyl ketone with dibenzo‐1,2‐oxaphosphorine 2‐oxide, 1,3,2‐dioxaphosphorine 2‐oxide and benzo‐1,3,2‐dioxaphospholane 2‐oxide, respectively. In the first two cases, 50% of 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0[undec‐7‐ene had to be used that was also required in the addition of dibenzooxaphosphorine oxide to cyclohexenone to result in the formation of the corresponding γ‐ketophosphonate. The addition of dibenzooxaphosphorine oxide to less reactive 1,2‐dihydrophosphinine oxide was accomplished after activation by an equimolar amount of trimethylaluminum to afford a 3‐P(O)<‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophosphinine oxide, which was subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to provide the corresponding 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexahydrophosphinine oxide. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:288–292, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20421
On the reaction of bis(phosphothioyl)disul‐fanes with hydroxamic acids, part I: Ionic versus radical reaction pathways
Authors: Przychodzeń Witold , Chojnacki Jarosław 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAmong sodium N‐alkyl‐4‐chlorobenzo‐hydroxamates treated with bis(phosphothioyl)disul‐fanes >P(S)SSP(S)< (where >P(S) is phosphorothioyl, phosphonothioyl, and phosphinothioyl), only the N‐methyl one yields quantitatively the respective O‐phosphothioyl derivatives exhibiting complete inversion of configuration at phosphorus in a reaction whose products are inert toward dithiophosphate arising in the reaction. For branched N‐alkyl benzohydroxamates, products of a SET process predominated. The mechanism of the title reaction is discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:271–282, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20423
Singlet–triplet splitting and stability of divalent five‐membered ring C4H4M, C4H6M, and C4H8M (M = C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb)
Authors: Vessally E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe sum of electronic and thermal free energy differences between singlet and triplet states (Δ Gt‐s) is calculated for C4H4M, C4H6M, and C4H8M (M = C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) at B3LYP/6‐311++G (3df,2p) level. Singlet–triplet splitting (Δ Gt‐s) is compared for three analogs C4H4M, C4H6M, and C4H8M. The change order of Δ Gt‐s is (except for M = C) C4H6M > C4H8M > C4H4M. The results of homodesmotic reaction energies show the most stability for singlet state of C4H6M with respect to C4H4M and C4H8M. In contrast, the triplet state of C4H4M (except for M = C) is the most stable with respect to C4H6M and C4H8M. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:245–251, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20428
An efficient one‐pot procedure for the preparation of 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles in ionic liquid [bmim]BF4 as dual solvent and catalyst
Authors: Rostamizadeh Shahnaz , Aryan Reza , Ghaieni Hamid R. , Amani Ali M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe one‐pot three component condensation of hydrazine hydrate with substituted phenylisothiocyanates followed by the addition of substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) and in the absence of any other catalyst under mild condition afforded 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles in excellent yields. The reaction workup is simple, and the ionic liquid was easily recovered from the reaction and reused. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:320–324, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20432
Expression and splicing of the unfolded protein response gene XBP‐1 are significantly associated with clinical outcome of endocrine‐treated breast cancer
Authors: Davies Michael P.A. , Barraclough Dong Liu , Stewart Ceri , Joyce Kathryn A. , Eccles Richard M. , Barraclough Roger , Rudland Philip S. , Sibson David Ross 
Published: April 2008

AbstractX‐box binding protein 1 (XBP‐1) is stimulated by endoplasmic reticulum stress as part of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which can promote apoptosis or cell survival. Non‐conventional splicing, stimulated during the UPR, converts mRNA for “unspliced” XBP‐1U to “spliced” XBP‐1S mRNA. XBP‐1 mRNA is oestrogen‐responsive, but XBP‐1S confers oestrogen independence and anti‐oestrogen resistance to breast cancer cell lines. We therefore evaluated XBP‐1 mRNA splicing as a factor in response of breast cancer patients to endocrine treatment. XBP‐1 isoforms were measured by quantitative RT‐PCR in 100 primary breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen (including 30 ERα‐negative cases). In ERα‐positive cases, levels of XBP‐1U mRNA correlated with ERα mRNA levels and were lower in grade 3 tumors. Higher levels of XBP‐1U mRNA were significantly associated with breast cancer survival (Log‐rank p = 0.002; Cox hazard ratio (HR) 0.2, p = 0.005), independent of grade, size, nodal status and progesterone receptor status. However, in the full cohort, higher ratios of XBP‐1S/XBP‐1U mRNA (indicating enhanced splicing) were associated with poor survival (Log‐rank p = 0.03; Cox HR 2.3, p = 0.03) and related factors: ERα‐negative status, progesterone receptor negative status, grade 3 tumors and greater proliferation. Significant associations with poor outcome were also seen for XBP‐1 splicing in ERα‐positive cases. Our findings, that XBP‐1 isoforms are differently associated with outcome of endocrine therapy for patients, can be explained by higher levels of dominant‐negative XBP‐1U favouring apoptosis of tumor cells and higher levels of XBP‐1S increasing tumor survival. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of temperature and initial pH on biomimetic apatite coating
Authors: Qu Haibo , Wei Mei 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBone‐like apatite coatings were prepared using a biomimetic method in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The effect of initial pH values and immersing temperatures on biomimetic apatite coating formation was studied. Three different temperatures were used in this study: 24 (room temperature), 40, and 60°C. At each temperature, SBF solutions with three different initial pHs were chosen: low, medium, and high. The total inorganic carbon (TIC) content and pH‐time profile of each coating system were recorded during the coating formation. The apatite coatings were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR). It has been found that SBF temperature has a great effect on the bicarbonate decomposition rate. The bicarbonate ions tend to decompose faster as the temperature increases. The decomposition of bicarbonate ions results in a pH increase in the SBF. With different initial SBF pHs, the decomposition of different amounts of bicarbonate ions is required to reach the critical pH range of apatite formation. With different amounts of bicarbonate ions in the SBF, the surface morphology of the biomimetic apatite coating formed is different. Therefore, the initial pH of the SBF solution plays a vital role in controlling the surface morphology of the biomimetic apatite coating. Also, it was found that as the SBF temperature increased, the critical pH range at which biomimetic apatite coating forms decreased. The critical pH range for the SBF prepared at 24, 40, and 60°C was 6.65–6.71, 6.55–6.65, and 6.24–6.42, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Surface modification of polycaprolactone membrane via layer‐by‐layer deposition for promoting blood compatibility
Authors: Liu Li , Guo Shengrong , Chang Jiang , Ning Congqin , Dong Changming , Yan Deyue 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes were successfully modified by deposition of chitosan/heparin multilayer via a simple electrostatic self‐assembly method. To immobilize chitosan, a novel ternary polysaccharide derivate, chitosan‐g‐PCL‐b‐poly‐(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was used coating on PCL film first, which resulted in the presence of positive charges onto PCL surface as the basis for following electrostatic self‐assembly. The process of modification was monitored by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, static contact angle measurement, and atomic force microscopy. The chitosan‐g‐PCL‐b‐PEG/heparin complex immobilized on PCL surface presented it with increasing hydrophilicity and microphase separation structure. Then in vitro hemocompability experiments indicated that this multilayer deposition on PCL resisted the platelets adhesion and prolonged the plasma recalcification time effectively, relative to the untreated PCL. Such chitosan‐g‐PCL‐b‐PEG/heparin‐modified PCL may have good potential for use in vascular tissue engineering. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008