bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Mathematical Simulations for the Determination of the Structural Properties of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a Biocomposite Using Osadebe Second Degree Polynomials
Authors: Akeke Godwin A. , Udokpoh U. U. , Nnaji Charles C 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The demand for concrete is increasing in tandem with population growth and urbanization. Cement is an important ingredient in concrete production. Cement is a major contributor to global carbon dioxide emissions during its manufacturing processes. Therefore, sustainable alternatives to normal cement are required for the production of sustainable concrete. Rice husk ash has proven intriguing properties as a sustainable alternative for producing green and eco-friendly concrete. Because the laboratory work needed to assess its properties is both time-consuming and complex, regression models can be effectively used to predict the properties of concrete containing rice husk ash. Using Osadebe's second-degree polynomial equation, a mathematical optimization model for predicting the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of RHA concrete was developed in this study. The developed model may be used to compute compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths based on the proportions of four constituents in a given mix. Also, a favourable comparison may be drawn between the model and experimental responses. Furthermore, the statistical analysis summary revealed that the model-predicted values were in good agreement with the experimental values. Lastly, some of the optimized mixes attain strength values that are suitable for use in structural or load-bearing concrete.
Adoptions of AI in Education: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Arya Suchivrat 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
When talking of Artificial Intelligence, we visually imagine a supercomputer with numerous capabilities, sensors, including adaptive behavior. This immersive technology has taken a vast portion in our day-to-day lives. Not only for corporates, but the education sector has also seen a progressive change after the boom of artificial intelligence. With the usage of information technology, it is inevitable that this technology has impacted education in different ways. The study is aiming to analyze the previous studies conducted in the domain and will try to read how AI has affected the education sector, looking at various aspects of education. This study will use the quantitative content analysis method for analyzing the studies. Researchers will incorporate the major social studies journals i.e., Sage Journals, Taylor & Francis, and Science Direct to find out the studies by using keywords related to technology. Also, will analyze the different themes used in the studies. This research will include the studies for the last ten years from 2013–2023. The expected findings of the study may be the acceptance of artificial intelligence in the education sector by the learners as well as the educators. Other inclusive heads in the education sector may also get help from this technology to make their tasks easier.
Valorization of pineapple (Ananas comosus) by-products in milk coffee beverage: Influence on bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds
Authors: Kocakaplan Zeynep Buse , Ozkan Gulay , Kamiloglu Senem , Capanoglu Esra 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The industrial processing of pineapples generates a substantial quantity of by-products including shell, crown, and core. Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme found naturally in pineapple including the by-products, may positively influence the bioaccessibility of phenolics from milk coffee. Therefore, this study aimed to assess how the inclusion of pineapple by-products, namely shell, crown and core, could impact the bioaccessibility of coffee phenolics when combined with milk. After measuring the proteolytic activity of pineapple by-products, the standardized in vitro digestion model of INFOGEST was employed to evaluate changes in total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, and individual phenolic compounds of different coffee formulations. The results showed that incorporating extracts from the crown or core in both black and milk coffee increased the bioaccessibility of total phenolics and antioxidants (from 93–114% to 105–129% and 54–56% to 84–87%, respectively), while this effect was not observed for the shell. Moreover, adding core extracts also enhanced the bioaccessibility of caffeoylquinic acids and gallic acid in milk coffee (from 0.72–0.85% and 109–155%, respectively). Overall, the findings of this study highlighted that bromelain from pineapple core may have a favorable effect on the recovery of phenolic compounds in milk coffee.
Collective dynamical regimes predict invasion success and impacts in microbial communities
Authors: Gore Jeff , hu Jiliang , Barbier Matthieu , Bunin Guy 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Invasions of microbial communities by species such as pathogens can have significant impacts on ecosystem services and human health. Predicting the outcomes of these invasions, however, remains a challenge. Various theories propose that these outcomes depend on either characteristics of the invading species or attributes of the resident community, including its composition and biodiversity. Here we used a combination of experiments and theory to show that the interplay between dynamics, interaction strength, and diversity determine the invasion outcome in microbial communities. We found that the communities with fluctuations in species abundance are both more invasible and more diverse than stable communities, leading to a positive diversity-invasibility relationship among communities assembled in the same environment. As predicted by theory, increasing interspecies interaction strength and species pool size leads to a decrease of invasion probability in our experiment. Although diversity-invasibility relationships are qualitatively different depending upon how the diversity is changed, we provide a unified perspective on the diversity-invasibility debate by showing a universal positive correspondence between invasibility and survival fraction of resident species across all conditions. Communities composed of strongly interacting species can exhibit an emergent priority effect in which invader species are less likely to colonize than species in the original pool. However, in this regime of strong interspecies interactions, if an invasion is successful, it causes larger ecological effects on the resident community than when interactions are weak. Our results demonstrate that the invasibility and invasion effect are emergent properties of interacting species, which can be predicted by simple community-level features.
A Two-Phase Sharp-Interface Numerical Model of Falling Film Thermal Desalination in a Vertical Channel
Authors: Tohidi Yasaman , Ormiston Scott J. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A two-dimensional, sharp-interface two-phase laminar flow numerical model for evaporation from a saltwater falling liquid film with a co-current humid air flow on the interior of a parallel plate vertical channel is presented. The elliptic governing equations in both phases are solved simultaneously in an implicit, fully coupled approach. The liquid-gas interface is tracked precisely on an automatically adjusted non-orthogonal structured mesh. The basis of the evaporation model is validated for pure water falling film evaporation. A parametric study of evaporation from a saltwater falling film is presented. The study varies the inlet salinity of the film, the inlet liquid Reynolds number, the wall heat flux, and the air relative humidity. The effects of these variations on quantities such as the evaporation rate, the axial velocity, the salinity in the film, and the temperature are presented. The results demonstrate the capablity of the new model to predict the details of falling film thermal desalination.
Identification of Key Therapeutic Targets of Triptolide Against Breast Cancer by Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis and Co-expression Network Approach
Authors: Yue Luo , Xing Jiang , Chao Wang , Yingqiu Wu , Lu Zhang , Hongwei Luo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background:Triptolide, a natural product extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, has shown anti-tumor activities against breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets of triptolide for treating breast cancer using bioinformatics approaches.
Methods:The transcriptomic data of breast cancer tissues and triptolide-treated breast cancer cells were obtained from public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using limma package. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to detect modules related to breast cancer progression and triptolide treatment. Hub genes in relevant modules were identified as candidate targets based on module membership and gene significance. The common hub genes were determined as potential therapeutic targets. Functional enrichment was conducted to investigate the biological functions and pathways involved in these therapeutic targets. Then, PPI networks were constructed to explore interactions between them and identify key therapeutic targets. Finally, independent datasets were utilized to validate the expression and diagnostic value of key targets.
Results:A total of 5206 and 2113 targets were identified associated with breast cancer progression and triptolide treatment, respectively. By integrating these two groups of targets, 122 common targets were determined as candidate therapeutic targets of triptolide, which were significantly enriched in tumor-related metabolic pathways, such as pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle. PPI network analysis identified 10 hub targets, including VIM, DLD, ACAT1, RABIF, ALDH2, RPS20, BIN1, TUBB6, CALM1 and PINK1. Their aberrant expression in cancer was validated, and triptolide could reverse this aberrance. ROC analysis showed their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Conclusions:Integrated transcriptomic and network analysis identified potential therapeutic targets of triptolide against breast cancer, including key therapeutic targets VIM, DLD, ACAT1, RABIF, ALDH2, RPS20, BIN1, TUBB6, CALM1 and PINK1. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of triptolide against breast cancer.
Quantitative assessment of ecological flow in the Yellow River under changing environments
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Jiao Xuyang , Wang Baoliang , Huang Lintong , Wang Hongxiang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Studying the streamflow characteristics of the Yellow River mainstem under changing environments is of great significance to the management and sustainable development and utilization of water resources in its basin. In this paper, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model is used to restore the flow characteristics of the mainstream of the Yellow River under natural conditions, and the range of variation approach (RVA) and the nonparametric kernel density estimation (KDE) method are combined to quantitatively assess the impact of the changing environment on the streamflow. The study shows that: (1) The hydrological variability of the Yellow River occurred in 1985, and the degree of variability ranged from 26–58%, which is moderate. (2) The annual ecological flow value of the Yellow River ranges from 560 ~ 1001 m3/s, and the annual average ecological flow guarantee is 43%; (3) Through LSTM simulation (NSE > 0.7, R2 > 0.8), it is concluded that the ecological flow assurance in the natural situation of the Yellow River is higher than the measured value, which is mainly affected by human activities, and its contribution rate is more than 52%. This shows that the river ecosystem of the mainstem of the Yellow River is relatively unstable and needs further management.
On Family of Totally Ordered Interval Valued ConvexMappings and Applications
Authors: Cortez Miguel Vivas , Awan Muhammad Uzair , Javed Muhammad Zakria , Meftah Badreddine , Zidan Ahmed M. , Kashuri Artion 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Inequalities have been examined from multiple viewpoints to identify novel developments and ramifications.One of the prominent strategies in the following area is the development of new unified representationsinvolving various rectified forms of convexity and fractional calculus. Numerous fundamental inequalities,like Hermite-Hadamard, Ostrowski’s, and H¨older’s types, have been assessed in recent years regarding set-valued maps based on various ordering relations. In the progressive article, we define a novel family ofconvex mappings incorporating center-radius relations and quasi-means. The effectiveness of this class isdemonstrated by the fact that by specifying various values of H and ω, we obtain various known and newclasses of I.V. convexity connecting with cr-ordering relations. Furthermore, we construct new genericversions of the Jensen’s like inequalities Hermite-Hadamard(H-H) inequality, Hermite-Hadamard-Fejer(H-H-F) inequality, and product form H-H inequality deploying the freshly proposed class of I.V. convexity andclassical R-L fractional operators. The validation of obtained results is explained with the help of graphicalillustrations and numerical examples. Also, we provide the applications to special means and informationtheory.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 26A33; 26A51; 26D07; 26D10; 26D15; 26D20.
An Investigation of English Language Students' Awareness of Perceptual Learning Style Preferences: Four Public Ethiopian Universities in Focus
Authors: Gencha Mulu 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the perceptual learning style preferences (PLSP) that the graduating TEFL students followed while learning the English language in the 2022–2023 academic year. People have diversified ways of perceptions, stages of motivation, and attitudes toward learning. They are different from each other in their preferences for acquiring knowledge consistently. The study was aimed to know the kinds and the strategies of PLSP students in the English language with MA Post-graduating classes. It focused on Reid's theory on visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile, individual, and group learning styles. As the primary sources of data were the subjects' insights into the learning process, the focus was on the actions that the learners consciously employed to facilitate learning. For the numerical interpretation of data, which were tabulated in a 5-point Likert Scale, percentage and overall mean were used to show the proportion of the participant's response to the close-ended questions. To elaborate on students' awareness of their PLSP, the documents from the questionnaire were tabulated and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings indicated that the universities' DELL Post-graduating students' Visual Learning, Auditory Learning, and group learning styles got a preference from the learners to a great extent; whereas, tactile learning styles, Kinesthetic learning, and Individual learning styles were less favored. From these findings, a few recommendations, understanding the importance of learning styles, taking care for effective teaching styles, wide-ranging flexible instructional planning, and using a diversity of teaching aids, have been forwarded Keywords: Auditory, group, individual, kinesthetic, tactile, visual.
Caloric restriction alleviates ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in elderly mice via the AKT-mTOR pathway
Authors: Guo Zhijia , Yuan Jiyu , Chen Jinyao , Ying Xiaodong , Wang Meng , Zhang Wenjie , Tian Shouyuan , Wang Chenggang , Fan Linhua , Yan Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to improve cardiac function, especially to restore cardiac tolerance during ischemia-reperfusion(I/R). However, evidence about the effects of caloric restriction on the myocardium of aged mice during I/R and mechanisms remain scarce. Our aim was to fill the gap by establishing a mouse model. We determined the effects of CR on fat content, adiponectin and leptin by ELISA. Blood glucose, insulin-related indexes, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT) and ultrastructure were also recored and analyzed in aged mice and young mice after I/R. In addition, we also examined the related proteins expression levels of AKT-mTOR pathway in mouse cardiac tissue by Western blot. The results showed that the fat content, the blood glucose and insulin levels decreased after CR, the adiponectin and leptin increased after CR. Besides, CR relieved myocardial injury in mice induced by I/R. Additionally, compared with the elderly ad libitum (AL) group, the expression levels of p-Akt, p-ULK1, and p-FoxO1 proteins in the elderly CR group increased, while the protein levels of p-raptor and p-mTOR decreased. Overall, our results suggested that Akt-mTOR-induced autophagy was involved in the relief of myocardial injury in aged mice on I/R after CR.
Utilization of CO2 snow jet for removal of submicron particles from cellulose based library materials
Authors: Mašková Ludmila , Smolík Jiří , Vávrová Petra , Neoralová Jitka , Novotná Dana , Jandová Věra , Ondráček Jakub , Zedníková Mária , Abadie Gabriel , Kocová Kateřina , Marešová Adéla , Schwarz Jaroslav 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Library collections are mostly made of porous cellulose-based materials such as papers and textiles. Submicron particles, representing up to 90% of particulate matter (PM) mass in libraries and archives, deposit on book surfaces and can also penetrate into small openings, including inter-fiber spaces. These particles can cause degradation of archival documents and therefore it is necessary to clean them. An alternative method of cleaning by the CO2 snow jet was tested and compared with traditional mechanical dry cleaning techniques. Six different types of papers and textiles (bookbinding cloths) commonly used in library collections were treated by the jet using a newly developed automatic system with well-defined operating parameters. Measurements included the assessment of particle removal efficiency and possible degradation of the cellulose materials. The method was verified using real archival documents. Results revealed that the jet was effective in removing submicron particles, including those embedded in the fibrous surface. In contrast, the mechanical dry cleaning methods were almost ineffective for these particles. The CO2 snow jet did not alter the surface properties of uncoated papers and textiles, whereas the degradation of coated samples was probably caused by surface temperature decrease after the CO2 snow application. The results indicate that CO2 snow jet cleaning using the automatic system is a suitable method for common types of papers and textiles with uncoated surfaces.
In vitro investigation of antibacterial activity of Gum Arabic prepared by two different processing methods against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Elmubarak Nuha , Ibrahim Yahia , Gareeballah Abbas , Sanhouri Nada 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Entrococcus faecalis is a known cause of endodontic treatment failure. Synthetic drugs have been preferred for decades, but recently, many plants have been reported for their antibacterial activity. The study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial effect of Gum Arabic (GA) processed with two different processing methods against Enterococcus faecalis.
Method: Antibacterial susceptibility tests against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) were performed for 200mg/ml ethanolic extracts of spray-dried and mechanically ground GA using Agar disc diffusion. Sodium Hypochlorite (1%), Chlorhexidine (0.2%), and Antibiotic multi-disc were used as positive controls, and ethanol (20%) as a negative. The inhibition zones diameters were measured.
Serial dilutions of both types of Gum Arabic (100, 50, 25, 12.5 mg/ml) were tested for their antibacterial activity.
Results: In Concentration 200 mg/ml, spray-dried GA displayed a significantly greater inhibition zone against E. faecalis than mechanically ground (P=0.02). Both types of Gum Arabic exhibited lower antibacterial activity than chlorhexidine (0.2%). However, only mechanically ground GA showed significant result (P=0.005).
Spray-dried GA showed significantly higher antibacterial activity against than Tetracycline 300mcg (P=0.005).
The antibacterial activity of spray-dried GA exceeded that of mechanically ground in all concentrations of serial dilutions, except for 12.5mg/ml, both are similar.
Conclusion: processing method of Gum Arabic affects its antibacterial potency against E. faecalis. In high concentrations, spray-dried GA is active antibacterial, while mechanically ground is non-active.
Decreasing the concentration of mechanically ground GA increases its inhibitory effect, but the opposite effect was observed with spray-dried GA.
Stochastic Approach to the Evolution of the Global Water Cycle: Results of Historical Experiments on the CMIP-6 Models
Authors: Dobrovolski Serguei G. , Yushkov Vladislav P. , Solomonova Irina V. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Changes in the integral characteristics of the global water exchange, at climatic time scales, are considered as random functions (processes). “Trajectories” obtained as the results of numerical calculations on various, from 34 to 43, climate models (participating at the CMIP-6 “historical” experiment covering the period from 1850 through 2014) are taken as realizations of these processes. Temporal variations of following annually averaged parameters are studied: (1) average evaporation from the ocean surface, (2) precipitation over the ocean, (3) “effective evaporation” from the ocean (difference “evaporation minus precipitation”, on average equal to the water transport from the ocean to land), (4) precipitation over land, (5) evaporation (evapotranspiration) from the land surface, (6) “effective precipitation” over land (or “climatic runoff”: precipitation minus evaporation), and (7) river runoff. It is shown that precipitation over the ocean and evaporation from land largely suppress the monotonous trends in the mean values of evaporation from the ocean and precipitation over land, respectively, at secular time scales. At the same time, this damping does not extend to the trends of the last few decades, which may be due to a combination of a sharp increase in global temperature with explosive volcanic eruptions that preceded this period. An analysis of the time divergence in the model trajectories of each of the components of the global water exchange, as well as the very existence of such divergences, indicates an increase in the uncertainty of processes that is not associated with anthropogenic impact on the climate system.