bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermionic shift symmetries in (anti) de Sitter space
Authors: Bonifacio James , Hinterbichler Kurt 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study extended shift symmetries that arise for fermionic fields on anti-de Sitter (AdS) space and de Sitter (dS) space for particular values of the mass relative to the curvature scale. We classify these symmetries for general mixed-symmetry fermionic fields in arbitrary dimension and describe how fields with these symmetries arise as the decoupled longitudinal modes of massive fermions as they approach partially massless points. For the particular case of AdS4, we look for non-trivial Lie superalgebras that can underly interacting theories that involve these fields. We study from this perspective the minimal such theory, the Akulov-Volkov theory on AdS4, which is a non-linear theory of a spin-1/2 Goldstino field that describes the spontaneous breaking of $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 1 supersymmetry on AdS4 down to the isometries of AdS4. We show how to write the nonlinear supersymmetry transformation for this theory using the fermionic ambient space formalism. We also study the Lie superalgebras of candidate multi-field examples and rule out the existence of a supersymmetric special galileon on AdS4.
Examining the sensitivity of FASERν to generalized neutrino interactions
Authors: Escrihuela F. J. , Flores L. J. , Miranda O. G. , Rendón Javier , Sánchez-Vélez R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigate the sensitivity of the FASERν detector, a novel experimental setup at the LHC, to probe and constrain generalized neutrino interactions (GNI). Employing a comprehensive theoretical framework, we model the effects of generalized neutrino interactions on neutrino-nucleon deep inelastic scattering processes within the FASERν detector. By considering all the neutrino channels produced at the LHC, we perform a statistical analysis to determine the sensitivity of FASERν to constrain these interactions. Our results demonstrate that FASERν can place stringent constraints on the GNI effective couplings. Additionally, we study the relation between GNI and a minimal Leptoquark model where the SM is augmented by a singlet Leptoquark with hypercharge 1/3. We have found that the sensitivities for various combinations of the Leptoquark Yukawa couplings are approximately $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1), particularly when considering a Leptoquark mass in the TeV range.
On the two-loop penguin contributions to the Anomalous Dimensions of four-quark operators
Authors: Morell Pol , Virto Javier 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We revisit the Next-to-Leading Order (two-loop) contributions to the Anomalous Dimensions of ∆F = 1 four-quark operators in QCD. We devise a test for anomalous dimensions, that we regard as of general interest, and by means of which we detect a problem in the results available in the literature. Deconstructing the steps leading to the available result, we identify the source of the problem, which is related to the operator known as Q11. We show how to fix the problem and provide the corrected anomalous dimensions. With the insight of our findings, we propose an alternative approach to the one used in the literature which does not suffer from the identified disease, and which confirms our corrected results. We assess the numerical impact of our corrections, which happens to be in the ballpark of 5% in certain entries of the evolution matrix. Our results are important for the correct resummation of Next-to-Leading Logarithms in analyses of physics beyond the Standard Model in ∆F = 1 processes, such as the decays of Kaons and B-mesons.
Going beyond Top EFT
Authors: Lessa André , Sanz Verónica 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a new way to interpret Top Standard Model measurements going beyond the SMEFT framework. Instead of the usual paradigm in Top EFT, where the main effects come from tails in momenta distributions, we propose an interpretation in terms of new physics which only shows up at loop-level. The effects of these new states, which can be lighter than required within the SMEFT, appear as distinctive structures at high momenta, but may be suppressed at the tails of distributions. As an illustration of this phenomena, we present the explicit case of a UV model with a $$ \mathcal{Z} $$
Z
2 symmetry, including a Dark Matter candidate and a top-partner. This simple UV model reproduces the main features of this class of signatures, particularly a momentum-dependent form factor with more structure than the SMEFT. As the new states can be lighter than in SMEFT, we explore the interplay between the reinterpretation of direct searches for colored states and Dark Matter, and Top measurements, made by ATLAS and CMS in the differential $$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

final state. We also compare our method with what one would expect using the SMEFT reinterpretation, finding that using the full loop information provides a better discriminating power.
Improving new physics searches with diffusion models for event observables and jet constituents
Authors: Sengupta Debajyoti , Leigh Matthew , Raine John Andrew , Klein Samuel , Golling Tobias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We introduce a new technique called Drapes to enhance the sensitivity in searches for new physics at the LHC. By training diffusion models on side-band data, we show how background templates for the signal region can be generated either directly from noise, or by partially applying the diffusion process to existing data. In the partial diffusion case, data can be drawn from side-band regions, with the inverse diffusion performed for new target conditional values, or from the signal region, preserving the distribution over the conditional property that defines the signal region. We apply this technique to the hunt for resonances using the LHCO di-jet dataset, and achieve state-of-the-art performance for background template generation using high level input features. We also show how Drapes can be applied to low level inputs with jet constituents, reducing the model dependence on the choice of input observables. Using jet constituents we can further improve sensitivity to the signal process, but observe a loss in performance where the signal significance before applying any selection is below 4σ.
Large N Schur index of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM from semiclassical D3 brane
Authors: Beccaria M. , Cabo-Bizet A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We consider the refined Schur superconformal index of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 U(N) SYM and the first term of its giant-graviton expansion, first predicted in arXiv:2001.11667 using indirect superconformal algebra considerations and analytic continuation of fugacities. This correction is the leading non-perturbative correction to the index at large N and we reproduce it from the semiclassical partition function of quantum D3 brane wrapped on S1 × S3 in a twisted modification of the AdS5 × S5 string background, depending on the index R-symmetry fugacity. Our calculation does not exploit directly supersymmetry. It is based on the determination of the partition function of the various bosonic and fermionic fluctuations on the wrapped brane whose action is conformal with specific constant holonomies along thermal cycle. We show how those partition functions may be obtained by adapting the operator counting method of Cardy to the twisted background.
A Diophantine Equation With Powers of Three Consecutive $$k-$$Fibonacci Numbers
Authors: Gómez Carlos A. , Gómez Jhonny C. , Luca Florian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThek–generalized Fibonacci sequence$$\{F_n^{(k)}\}_{n\ge 2-k}$${Fn(k)}n≥2-kis the linear recurrent sequence of orderkwhose firstkterms are$$0, \ldots , 0, 1$$0,…,0,1and each term afterwards is the sum of the precedingkterms. The case$$k=2$$k=2corresponds to the well known Fibonacci sequence$$\{F_n\}_{n\ge 0}$${Fn}n≥0. In this paper we extend the study of the exponential Diophantine equation$$\left( F_{n+1}\right) ^x+\left( F_{n}\right) ^x-\left( F_{n-1}\right) ^x=F_{m}$$Fn+1x+Fnx-Fn-1x=Fmwith terms$$F_r^{(k)}$$Fr(k)instead of$$F_r$$Fr, where$$r\in \{n+1,n,n-1,m\}$$r∈{n+1,n,n-1,m}.
The role of annexins in central nervous system development and disease
Authors: White Zachary B. , Nair Sindhu , Bredel Markus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnnexins, a group of Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins, exert diverse roles in neuronal development, normal central nervous system (CNS) functioning, neurological disorders, and CNS tumors. This paper reviews the roles of individual annexins (A1-A13) in these contexts. Annexins possess unique structural and functional features, such as Ca2+-dependent binding to phospholipids, participating in membrane organization, and modulating cell signaling. They are implicated in various CNS processes, including endocytosis, exocytosis, and stabilization of plasma membranes. Annexins exhibit dynamic roles in neuronal development, influencing differentiation, proliferation, and synaptic formation in CNS tissues. Notably, annexins such as ANXA1 and ANXA2 play roles in apoptosis and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and depression, involve annexin dysregulation, influencing neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier integrity, and stress responses. Moreover, annexins contribute to the pathogenesis of CNS tumors, either promoting or suppressing tumor growth, angiogenesis, and invasion. Annexin expression patterns vary across different CNS tumor types, providing potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. This review underscores the multifaceted roles of annexins in the CNS, highlighting their importance in normal functioning, disease progression, and potential therapeutic interventions.
Zweifaches Rezidiv nach endoskopischem Iliopsoas-Release bei Hüfttotalendoprothese
Authors: Greiser Josefa , Banke Ingo J. , Stadelmeier Leo Federico , Willinger Lukas , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Twardy Vanessa 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungBei einem 49-jährigen Patienten trat 4 Monate nach zementfreier Implantation einer Hüfttotalendoprothese (Hüft-TEP) ein persistierender messerstichartiger Leistenschmerz sowie ein erhöhter Tonus des M. iliopsoas auf. Die klinische Diagnose eines Iliopsoas-Impingements wurde durch eine positive diagnostische Infiltration an den vorderen Pfannenrand bestätigt. Nach endoskopischem Iliopsoas-Release (Trochanter minor) konnte der Patient beschwerdefrei entlassen werden. Zwölf Monate später stellte sich der Patient erneut mit den ihm bekannten Leistenschmerzen vor nach initialer postoperativer Beschwerdefreiheit für 9 Monate. Der klinische Verdacht einer Reinsertion der Iliopsoassehne konnte in einer MARS-MRT (Magnetresonanztomographie metallartefaktreduzierender Sequenz) und schließlich Revisionsendoskopie (Trochanter minor) bestätigt werden. Es erfolgte ein erneutes endoskopisches Iliopsoas-Release. Anschließend berichtete der Patient von einem schlagartigen Verschwinden der Leistenschmerzen. Fünf Jahre nach Revision des Release (darunter 3,5 Jahre Beschwerdefreiheit) wurde ein erneutes Rezidiv diagnostiziert, und der Patient erhielt eine arthroskopische Revision des Re-Release der Iliopsoassehne (Hüftgelenk), nach welchem er eine deutliche Befundbesserung aufwies.
Initiating a Fetal Cardiac Program from Scratch in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Structure, Challenges, and Hopes for Solutions
Authors: Rakha Shaimaa 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Although fetal cardiac programs are well established in developed countries, establishing an efficient program in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is still considered a significant challenge. Substantial obstacles usually face the initiation of fetal cardiac service from scratch in LMICs. The primary structural frame of a successful fetal cardiac program is described in detail, emphasizing the required team members. The potential challenges for starting fetal cardiac services in LMICs include financial, awareness-related, prenatal obstetric screening, sociocultural, psychosocial, and social support factors. These challenges could be solved by addressing these barriers, such as collecting funds for financial support, raising awareness among families and health care providers, telemedicine, building international health partnerships, modifying training protocols for fetal cardiologists and sonographers, and initiating support groups and social services for families with confirmed fetal cardiac disease. Initiating a successful fetal cardiac program requires multi-aspect structural planning. The challenges for program initiation require diverse efforts, from modified training and promoting awareness of care providers and the community to governmental and nonprofit organizations’ collaborations for proper building and utilization of program resources.
Enzymatic and non-enzymatic removal of organic micropollutants with spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus bisporus
Authors: van Brenk Brigit , Kleijburg Fleur E.L. , Kemperman Antoine J.B. , van der Meer Walter G.J. , Wösten Han A.B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWater bodies are increasingly contaminated with a diversity of organic micropollutants (OMPs). This impacts the quality of ecosystems due to their recalcitrant nature. In this study, we assessed the removal of OMPs by spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of the white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and by its aqueous tea extract. Removal of acesulfame K, antipyrine, bentazon, caffeine, carbamazepine, chloridazon, clofibric acid, and N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) by SMS and its tea was between 10 and 90% and 0–26%, respectively, in a 7-day period. Sorption to SMS particles was between 0 and 29%, which can thus not explain the removal difference between SMS and its tea, the latter lacking these particles. Carbamazepine was removed most efficiently by both SMS and its tea. Removal of OMPs (except caffeine) by SMS tea was not affected by heat treatment. By contrast, heat-treatment of SMS reduced OMP removal to < 10% except for carbamazepine with a removal of 90%. These results indicate that OMP removal by SMS and its tea is mediated by both enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities. The presence of copper, manganese, and iron (0.03, 0.88, and 0.33 µg L-1, respectively) as well as H2O2 (1.5 µM) in SMS tea indicated that the Fenton reaction represents (part of) the non-enzymatic activity. Indeed, the in vitro reconstituted Fenton reaction removed OMPs > 50% better than the teas. From these data it is concluded that spent mushroom substrate of the white button mushroom, which is widely available as a waste-stream, can be used to purify water from OMPs.
Alternative splicing analysis of lignocellulose-degrading enzyme genes and enzyme variants in Aspergillus niger
Authors: Xu Yifan , Dong Feiyu , Wang Ruoxin , Ajmal Maria , Liu Xinyu , Lin Hui , Chen Hongge 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) greatly expands the protein diversity in eukaryotes. Although AS variants have been frequently reported existing in filamentous fungi, it remains unclear whether lignocellulose-degrading enzyme genes in industrially important fungi undergo AS events. In this work, AS events of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes genes in Aspergillus niger under two carbon sources (glucose and wheat straw) were investigated by RNA-Seq. The results showed that a total of 23 out of the 56 lignocellulose-degrading enzyme genes had AS events and intron retention was the main type of these AS events. The AS variant enzymes from the annotated endo-β-1,4-xylanase F1 gene (xynF1) and the endo-β-1,4-glucanase d gene (eglD), noted as XYNF1-AS and EGLD-AS, were characterized compared to their normal splicing products XYNF1 and EGLD, respectively. The AS variant XYNF1-AS displayed xylanase activity whereas XYNF1 did not. As for EGLD-AS and EGLD, neither of them showed annotated endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity. Instead, both showed lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) activity with some differences in catalytic properties. Our work demonstrated that the AS variants in A. niger were good sources for discovering novel lignocellulose-degrading enzymes.

Key points
• AS events were identified in the lignocellulose-degrading enzyme genes of A. niger.
• New β-1,4-xylanase and LPMO derived from AS events were characterized.
Do Balloon Catheters have a Different Radial Force Along Their Longitudinal Axis?
Authors: Choi Tae Won , Kim Jinoo , Won Je Hwan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This experimental study was designed to compare radial forces between the central portion and both ends of balloon catheters when dilating stenosis.

Materials and Methods
Three balloon catheters of 6 and 8 mm in diameter and of variable length were tested: Mustang, Conquest, and Genoss PTA. Cylindrical modules to position balloon catheters and install the measuring tip during radial force measurements were made using a 3D printer. The measuring tip created 20% stenosis at the inner lumen. Both ends and center of the balloon catheter were located at the measuring tip. The radial force was measured after inflating the balloon catheter to the rated burst pressure.

Results
For the different diameters and lengths of balloon catheters and cylinder sizes, the median inccenter, the radial rease in radial force at the distal end compared to the center was 16.5% (range: 9.8–35.2%) for Mustang, 12.4% (range: 10.3–25.5%) for Genoss, and 7.4% (range: −0.3–13.1%) for Conquest balloon catheters. Similarly, compared to that at the force at the proximal end was 10.8% greater (range: −2.9–18.3%) for Mustang, 9.9% greater (range: 3.9–22.3%) for Genoss, and 7.3% greater (range: −1.3–12.4%) for Conquest catheters.

Conclusion
The radial force is greater at both ends of the balloon than at the central portion, especially at the distal end. Dilation using the distal end of the balloon catheter is a practical method that can be applied in clinical practice without additional devices when encountering resistant stenosis, especially with semi-compliant balloons.

Graphical Abstract
Endovascular balloon usage in endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus during a national shortage: case series and technical note
Authors: Feldman Michael J. , Boudreau Hunter , Tuan Anh Le , Tsemo Georges Boubda , Blount Jeffrey P. , Rozzelle Curtis J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEndoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a well-established surgical technique for treating hydrocephalus. Many providers have transitioned to utilizing the specialized Neuroballoon for the stoma dilation in ETV; however, these devices are intermittently unavailable during supply chain shortages. We present the experience of employing cardiac angioplasty and neurovascular balloons as substitutes for the Neuroballoon in 3 patients. The scepter balloon (Microvention), priced at $1800 compared to the standard $300 Neuroballoon (Integra), proved effective, but its pliability presented technical challenges. The substantial cost differential compared to a Neuroballoon ($300) raises economic considerations. The Cardiac TREK balloon (Abbott) was similarly effective, while also being easier to manage endoscopically and cheaper at $158. These experiences support the viability of non-neuroendoscopic specialized balloons as alternatives for ETV dilation of the floor of tuber cinereum.
Sub-seasonal to seasonal drivers of regional marine heatwaves around Australia
Authors: Gregory Catherine H. , Holbrook Neil J. , Marshall Andrew G. , Spillman Claire M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAs marine heatwaves (MHWs) become more intense and longer lasting due to global warming, understanding the drivers and impacts of these events is crucial for effective marine resource management. This study investigates the influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), Sub-Tropical Ridge High (STRH), and Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) on sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and MHWs around Australia. The aim of this research is to improve our understanding of the drivers of MHWs on sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, which bridges the gap between short-term weather and interannual to long-term climate variability. By analysing SST anomalies and MHWs characteristics during specific driver phases, a simple MHW hazard index is developed. Our findings support previous research indicating that La Niña plays a role in driving MHWs off the coast of Western Australia and reveals a previously unrecognised connection between ocean warming off Queensland and Tasman Sea low-pressure systems associated with the negative phase of the STRH. Our research emphasizes the importance of considering multiple drivers and their compounding effects on MHWs by showing significant changes to typical La Niña MHW patterns with the additional influence of the MJO. By considering drivers acting in the S2S timescale, forecasts can more accurately capture the timing, intensity, and spatial extent of MHW events within a season. These improved forecasts can enhance the ability of marine managers to adapt and allocate resources based on evolving climate conditions, enabling effective implementation of harm minimisation strategies.
Circular RNA circZFPM2 regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival
Authors: Neufeldt Dimyana , Schmidt Arne , Mohr Elisa , Lu Dongchao , Chatterjee Shambhabi , Fuchs Maximilian , Xiao Ke , Pan Wen , Cushman Sarah , Jahn Christopher , Juchem Malte , Hunkler Hannah Jill , Cipriano Giuseppe , Jürgens Bjarne , Schmidt Kevin , Groß Sonja , Jung Mira , Hoepfner Jeannine , Weber Natalie , Foo Roger , Pich Andreas , Zweigerdt Robert , Kraft Theresia , Thum Thomas , Bär Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) constitutes the most common genetic cardiac disorder. However, current pharmacotherapeutics are mainly symptomatic and only partially address underlying molecular mechanisms. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs and emerged as specific and powerful regulators of cellular functions. By performing global circRNA-specific next generation sequencing in cardiac tissue of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to healthy donors, we identified circZFPM2 (hsa_circ_0003380). CircZFPM2, which derives from the ZFPM2 gene locus, is a highly conserved regulatory circRNA that is strongly induced in HCM tissue. In vitro loss-of-function experiments were performed in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), and HCM-patient-derived hiPSC-CMs. A knockdown of circZFPM2 was found to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and compromise mitochondrial respiration, leading to an increased production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. In contrast, delivery of recombinant circZFPM2, packaged in lipid-nanoparticles or using AAV-based overexpression, rescued cardiomyocyte hypertrophic gene expression and promoted cell survival. Additionally, HCM-derived cardiac organoids exhibited improved contractility upon CM-specific overexpression of circZFPM2. Multi-Omics analysis further promoted our hypothesis, showing beneficial effects of circZFPM2 on cardiac contractility and mitochondrial function. Collectively, our data highlight that circZFPM2 serves as a promising target for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy including HCM.