bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntheses, Spectroscopic Studies, and Crystal Structures of Chiral [Rh(aminocarboxylato)(η4‐cod)] and Chiral [Rh(amino alcohol)(η4‐cod)](acetate) Complexes with an Example of a Spontaneous Resolution of a Racemic Mixture into Homochiral Helix‐Enantiomers
Authors: Enamullah Mohammed , Sharmin Aisha , Hasegawa Miki , Hoshi Toshihiko , Chamayou Anne‐Christine , Janiak Christoph 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe dimeric complex acetato(η4‐cycloocta‐1,5‐diene)rhodium(I), [Rh(O2CMe)(η4‐cod)]2 (cod = cycloocta‐1,5‐diene), reacts with amino acids [HAA = L‐alanine, (S)‐2‐amino‐2‐phenylacetic acid (L‐phenylglycine), N‐methylglycine, and N‐phenylglycine] and with the amino alcohol (S)‐2‐amino‐2‐phenylethanol to afford the aminocarboxylato(η4‐cycloocta‐1,5‐diene)rhodium(I) complexes [Rh(AA)(η4‐cod)] (AA = deprotonated amino acid = aminocarboxylato ligand) and [(S)‐2‐amino‐2‐phenylethanol](η4‐cycloocta‐1,5‐diene)rhodium(I) acetate, [Rh{(S)‐HOCH2–CH(Ph)‐NH2}(η4‐cod)](O2CMe) (V). The complexes are characterized by IR, UV/Vis, 1H/13C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The achiral N‐phenylglycine ligand gives a chiral N‐phenylglycinato complex [Rh(O2C–CH2–NHPh)(η4‐cod)] (IV) with the amine nitrogen atom becoming the stereogenic center upon metal coordination. Complex IV crystallizes in the tetragonal, chiral space group P43 and the crystal structure reveals twofold spontaneous resolution of a racemic mixture into homochiral helix‐enantiomers. The investigated crystal contained only one type of helix, namely (left‐handed or M‐) 43‐helical chains. This is traced first to an intermolecular N–H···O hydrogen bonding from the stereogenic amino group to a neighboring unligated carboxyl oxygen atom that connects only molecules of the same (R)‐configuration into (left‐handed or M‐) 43‐helical chains. This intrachain homochirality is supplemented, secondly, by the interlocking of adjacent chains with their corrugated van der Waals surface to allow for an interchain transmission of the sense of helicity, building the single crystal from the same homochiral helix‐enantiomer. The enantiomeric amino alcohol complex V crystallizes in the monoclinic, noncentrosymmetric (Sohncke) space group P21. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Syntheses and Fluxional Processes of Diphenyl(2‐thienyl)phosphane Derivatives of Triosmium Clusters
Authors: Kiriakidou Kazemifar Nitsa K. , Stchedroff Marc J. , Mottalib M. Abdul , Selva Simona , Monari Magda , Nordlander Ebbe 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThermal treatment of [Os3(CO)12] with diphenyl(2‐thienyl)phosphane, Ph2P(C4H3S), results in the formation of [Os3(CO)12–x{Ph2P(C4H3S)}x] (x = 1–3, 1–3), but no C–H bond activation was observed. Reaction of [H2Os3(CO)10] with diphenyl(2‐thienyl)phosphane at ambient temperature affords [HOs3(μ‐H)(CO)10{Ph2P(C4H3S)}] (4), but when the samereaction is repeated at elevated temperatures, the cyclometallated species [(μ‐H)Os3(CO)9{μ3‐Ph2P(C4H2S)}] (5) and[(μ‐H)Os3(CO)8{μ3‐Ph2P(C4H2S)}{Ph2P(C4H3S)}] (6) are formed. In addition, two more products, tentatively assigned as [(μ‐H)Os3(CO)6{μ3‐Ph2P(C4H2S)}{μ‐Ph2P(C4H3S)}{Ph2P(C4H3S)}] (7) and [(μ‐H)Os3(CO)7{μ‐Ph2P(C4H2S)}{μ‐Ph2P(C4H3S)}{Ph2P(C4H3S)}] (8) are obtained. The dynamic behaviours of 2, 5 and 6 have been studied by variable‐temperature (VT) 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The VT 31P{1H} NMR spectra of [Os3(CO)10{Ph2P(C4H3S)}2] (2) demonstrate that a mixture of two isomers, which are in rapid exchange at room temperature, is present and that the less common cis‐trans isomer, whose structure has been determined by X‐ray crystallography, is favoured for this cluster. The VT 1H NMR spectra of 5 indicate the presence of two isomers which are proposed to arise from an oscillation of the σ,η2‐vinyl group of the thienyl moiety between two metal atoms. A similar fluxional process is proposed to occur in 6 and the assignment of the room‐temperature structure(s) of this cluster was confirmed by 1H‐187Os 2D HMQC spectroscopy. In addition to 2, the solid‐state structures of 3, 5 and 6 have been determined by X‐ray crystallography. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Flood control of urban stormwater conduit systems using the finite element method
Authors: Kurahashi T. , Kawahara M. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a method of controlling the water levels in a conduit system by employing optimal control theory and the finite element method. A shallow‐water equation is employed for the analysis of flow behaviour. Optimal control theory is utilized to obtain a control value for the target state value. The Sakawa–Shindo method is employed as a minimization technique. For the computational storage requirements, the time domain decomposition method is applied. The Crank–Nicolson method is used for temporal discretization. In addition to a method for optimally controlling water level, a method is presented for determining transversality conditions, the terminal condition of the Lagrange multiplier. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A genome wide linkage search for breast cancer susceptibility genes
Authors: Smith Paula , McGuffog Lesley , Easton Douglas F. , Mann Graham J. , Pupo Gulietta M. , Newman Beth , Chenevix‐Trench Georgia , Szabo Csilla , Southey Melissa , Renard Hélène , Odefrey Fabrice , Lynch Henry , Stoppa‐Lyonnet Dominique , Couch Fergus , Hopper John L. , Giles Graham G. , McCredie Margaret R. E. , Buys Saundra , Andrulis Irene , Senie Ruby , Goldgar David E. , Oldenburg Rogier , Kroeze‐Jansema Karin , Kraan Jaennelle , Meijers‐Heijboer Hanne , Klijn Jan G. M. , van Asperen Christi , van Leeuwen Inge , Vasen Hans F. A. , Cornelisse Cees J. , Devilee Peter , Baskcomb Linda , Seal Sheila , Barfoot Rita , Mangion Jon , Hall Anita , Edkins Sarah , Rapley Elizabeth , Wooster Richard , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Eccles Diana , Evans D. Gareth , Futreal P. Andrew , Nathanson Katherine L. , Weber Barbara L. , Rahman Nazneen , Stratton Michael R. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMutations in known breast cancer susceptibility genes account for a minority of the familial aggregation of the disease. To search for further breast cancer susceptibility genes, we performed a combined analysis of four genome‐wide linkage screens, which included a total of 149 multiple case breast cancer families. All families included at least three cases of breast cancer diagnosed below age 60 years, at least one of whom had been tested and found not to carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Evidence for linkage was assessed using parametric linkage analysis, assuming both a dominant and a recessive mode of inheritance, and using nonparametric methods. The highest LOD score obtained in any analysis of the combined data was 1.80 under the dominant model, in a region on chromosome 4 close to marker D4S392. Three further LOD scores over 1 were identified in the parametric analyses and two in the nonparametric analyses. A maximum LOD score of 2.40 was found on chromosome arm 2p in families with four or more cases of breast cancer diagnosed below age 50 years. The number of linkage peaks did not differ from the number expected by chance. These results suggest regions that may harbor novel breast cancer susceptibility genes. They also indicate that no single gene is likely to account for a large fraction of the familial aggregation of breast cancer that is not due to mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microarray‐based survey of CpG islands identifies concurrent hyper‐ and hypomethylation patterns in tissues derived from patients with breast cancer
Authors: Piotrowski Arkadiusz , Benetkiewicz Magdalena , Menzel Uwe , de Ståhl Teresita Díaz , Mantripragada Kiran , Grigelionis Gintautas , Buckley Patrick G. , Jankowski Michał , Hoffman Jacek , Bała Dariusz , Śrutek Ewa , Laskowski Ryszard , Zegarski Wojciech , Dumanski Jan P. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractMaintenance of CpG island methylation in the genome is crucial for cellular homeostasis and this balance is disrupted in cancer. Our rationale was to compare the methylation of CpG islands in tissues (tumor, healthy breast and blood) from patients with breast cancer. We studied 72 genes in 103 samples using microarray hybridization and bisulfite sequencing. We observed tumor specific hyper‐ or hypomethylation of five genes; COL9A1, MT1A, MT1J, HOXA5 and FLJ45983. A general drop of methylation in COL9A1 was apparent in tumors, when compared with blood and healthy breast tissue. Furthermore, one tumor displayed a complete loss of methylation of all five genes, suggesting overall impairment of methylation. The downstream, evolutionary conserved island of HOXA5 showed hypomethylation in 18 tumors and complete methylation in others. This CpG island also displayed a semimethylated state in the majority of normal breast samples, when compared to complete methylation in blood. Distinct methylation patterns were further seen in MT1J and MT1A, belonging to the metallothionein gene family. The CpG islands of these genes are spaced by 2 kb, which shows selective methylation of two structurally and functionally related genes. The promoters of FLJ45983 and MT1A were methylated above 25% in 18 primary and metastatic tumors. Concurrently, there was also >10% methylation of healthy breast tissue in 11 and 5 samples, respectively. This suggests that the methylation process for the latter two genes takes place already in normal breast cells. Our results also point to a considerable heterogeneity of epigenetic disturbance in breast cancer. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045‐2257/suppmat. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temporal control of gene recombination in astrocytes by transgenic expression of the tamoxifen‐inducible DNA recombinase variant CreERT2
Authors: Hirrlinger Petra G. , Scheller Anja , Braun Christian , Hirrlinger Johannes , Kirchhoff Frank 
Published: March 2006

AbstractInducible gene modification using the Cre/loxP system provides a valuable tool for the analysis of gene function in the active animal. GFAP‐Cre transgenic mice have been developed to achieve gene recombination in astrocytes, the most abundant cells of the central nervous system, with pivotal roles during brain function and pathology. Unfortunately, these mice displayed neuronal recombination as well, since the GFAP promoter is also active in embryonic radial glia, which possess a substantial neurogenic potential. To enable the temporal control of gene deletions in astrocytes only, we generated a transgenic mouse with expression of CreERT2, a fusion protein of the DNA recombinase Cre and a mutated ligand‐binding domain of the estrogen receptor, under the control of the human GFAP promoter. In offspring originating from crossbreedings of GFAP‐CreERT2‐transgenic mice with various Cre‐sensitive reporter mice, consecutive intraperitoneal injections of tamoxifen induced genomic recombination selectively in astrocytes of almost all brain regions. In Bergmann glia, which represent the main astroglial cell population of the cerebellum, virtually all cells showed successful gene recombination. When adult mice received cortical stab wound lesions, simultaneously given tamoxifen induced substantial recombination in reactive glia adjacent to the site of injury. These transgenic GFAP‐CreERT2 mice will allow the functional analysis of loxP‐modified genes in astroglia of the postnatal and adult brain. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional source separation from magnetoencephalographic signals
Authors: Barbati Giulia , Sigismondi Roberto , Zappasodi Filippo , Porcaro Camillo , Graziadio Sara , Valente Giancarlo , Balsi Marco , Rossini Paolo Maria , Tecchio Franca 
Published: March 2006

AbstractWe propose a novel cerebral source extraction method (functional source separation, FSS) starting from extra‐cephalic magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals in humans. It is obtained by adding a functional constraint to the cost function of a basic independent component analysis (ICA) model, defined according to the specific experiment under study, and removing the orthogonality constraint, (i.e., in a single‐unit approach, skipping decorrelation of each new component from the subspace generated by the components already found). Source activity was obtained all along processing of a simple separate sensory stimulation of thumb, little finger, and median nerve. Being the sources obtained one by one in each stage applying different criteria, the a posteriori “interesting sources selection” step is avoided. The obtained solutions were in agreement with the homuncular organization in all subjects, neurophysiologically reacting properly and with negligible residual activity. On this basis, the separated sources were interpreted as satisfactorily describing highly superimposed and interconnected neural networks devoted to cortical finger representation. The proposed procedure significantly improves the quality of the extraction with respect to a standard BSS algorithm. Moreover, it is very flexible in including different functional constraints, providing a promising tool to identify neuronal networks in very general cerebral processing. Hum Brain Mapp, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Differentiation‐related changes in mitochondrial properties as indicators of stem cell competence
Authors: Lonergan Thomas , Brenner Carol , Bavister Barry 
Published: March 2006

AbstractSeveral methods may be used to assess stem cell competence, including the expression of cell surface markers and telomerase activity. We hypothesized that mitochondrial characteristics might be an additional and reliable way to verify stem cell competence. In a multipotent, adult monkey stromal stem cell line, previously shown to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes, we found that several mitochondrial properties change with increasing passage number in culture. Cells from the earliest passage (P11) versus those from a later passage (P17) are characterized by: (a) a much higher percentage of cells (85% vs. 18%) with a perinuclear arrangement of mitochondria; (b) a much lower percentage of cells (1% vs. 57%) with an aggregated mitochondrial arrangement, in which mitochondria appear to coalesce into large clumps; (c) a much lower percentage of cells with lipid droplets (1% vs. 36%), suggesting less differentiation into adipocytes; (d) a 5.6‐fold lower ATP content per cell (0.45 vs. 2.51 pmoles ATP/cell; and (e) a 10‐fold higher rate of oxygen consumption (37.8 vs. 3.8 nmoles O2/min/103 cells), indicating a higher metabolic activity. Collectively, these data indicate that the perinuclear arrangement of mitochondria, accompanied by a low ATP/cell content and a high rate of oxygen consumption, may be valid indicators of stem cell differentiation competence, while departures from this profile indicate that cells are differentiating or perhaps becoming senescent. These results represent the first characterization of mitochondrial properties reported for a primate stem cell line. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highlights from the 5th annual meeting of the Italian society of virology
Authors: Salata Cristiano , Calistri Arianna , Palù Giorgio 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe 5th National Congress of the Italian Society of Virology (SIV) was attended by junior‐ and senior‐level virologists to promote interactions and scientific collaborations among the different areas of Virology and allied sciences. The invited and selected lecturers covered the following topics: General Virology and Viral Genetics; Virus‐host Interaction and Pathogenesis; Viral Oncogenesis; Viral Immunology and Vaccines; Anti‐viral Therapy; Innovative Diagnostics; Viral Biotechnologies and Cell and Gene Therapy. As in the previous editions (Salata and Palù, 2004; Salata et al., 2005), a specific topic was thoroughly covered in a roundtable. This year the elected subject was “HIV: determinants of pathogenicity and clinical implications.” The final program and the abstract book can be found at the web site http://www.siv‐virologia.it. This report summarizes the lessons learned from the plenary lectures and the selected oral presentations of the 2005 meeting. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nitric oxide and p38 MAP kinase mediate shear stress‐dependent inhibition of MMP‐2 production in microvascular endothelial cells
Authors: Milkiewicz Malgorzata , Kelland Cassandra , Colgan Stephen , Haas Tara L. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractChronic exposure of the skeletal muscle microcirculation to elevated shear stress‐induces angiogenesis. Previous studies observed that shear stress‐induced capillary growth involves luminal sprouting, or internal division, of the capillaries, which is characterized by a minimal proliferative response and the retention of an intact basement membrane. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with the process of abluminal sprouting angiogenesis, but may not be required for the process of luminal division during capillary growth. We analyzed the production of MMP‐2, using both the in vivo model of prazosin‐induced angiogenesis in rat skeletal muscle, and cultured microvascular endothelial cells exposed to laminar shear stress. We found that MMP‐2 was not elevated in capillaries of shear stress‐stimulated skeletal muscle, despite a significant increase in capillary number in response to a shear stress stimulus. In cultured microvascular endothelial cells, MMP‐2 mRNA and protein levels were attenuated significantly in response to shear stress exposure. This effect on MMP‐2 was reversed by nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibition using LNNA. In contrast, exposure of static cultures of endothelial cells to NO donors significantly reduced MMP‐2 production. Shear stress exposure and NO donors both modified phosphorylation levels of several members of the MAPK family. Treatment of shear stress‐exposed cells with the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, abolished the shear stress‐mediated reduction in MMP‐2 mRNA. Thus, our data provide strong evidence that elevated shear stress inhibits MMP‐2 production in microvascular endothelial cells, an effect that is mediated by signal pathways involving both production of NO and activation of p38 MAPK. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SLURP‐2: A novel cholinergic signaling peptide in human mucocutaneous epithelium
Authors: Arredondo Juan , Chernyavsky Alexander I. , Jolkovsky David L. , Webber Robert J. , Grando Sergei A. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe biologic role of novel cholinergic toxin‐like signaling peptides termed SLURP (secreted mammalian Ly‐6/uPAR‐related protein) in the mucocutaneous epithelium is a subject of intense research. Previous studies demonstrated that SLURP‐1 activates the α7 subtype of keratinocyte nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and facilitates keratinization and programmed cell death, and that the level of SLURP‐2 was found to be upregulated several fold in the hyperproliferative skin of patients with psoriasis. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that human epidermal and oral keratinocytes secrete SLURP‐2. We cloned human SLURP‐2 and produced the mouse monoclonal antibody 341F10‐1F12 that visualized SLURP‐2 in the cytoplasm of normal human epidermal and oral keratinocytes grown in culture. In epidermis, SLURP‐2 was found predominantly in the suprabasal compartment, whereas in the attached gingiva—in the lowermost epithelial layers. Recombinant SLURP‐2 (rSLURP‐2) competed with nicotinic radioligands for binding to keratinocytes, showing a higher affinity to the [3H]epibatidine‐ than [3H]nicotine‐labeled sites. Treatment withrSLURP‐2 significantly (P < 0.05) increased the number of keratinocytes in culture and their resistance to apoptosis, which could be abolished by mecamylamine more efficiently than α‐bungarotoxin. By real‐time PCR and in‐cell western,rSLURP‐2 significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated gene expression of the differentiation markers loricrin, filaggrin, and cytokeratins 1 and 10, and pro‐apoptotic Bax, Bad, and caspase 3 which were elevated by high extracellular calcium, andrSLURP‐2 also abolished activation of caspases 3 and 8 caused by camptothecin. These results indicated that SLURP‐2 competes with acetylcholine predominantly at the α3 nAChR, and that receptor ligation with SLURP‐2 delays keratinocyte differentiation and prevents apoptosis. Thus, the different effects observed for SLURP‐1 and ‐2 can be explained by their differential binding to the nAChR subtypes expressed in keratinocytes. These findings present a novel paradigm of the physiologic regulation of mucocutaneous epithelial cells by locally produced small hormone‐like peptide molecules, and open novel directions toward better understanding and treating of skin and mucosal diseases. J. Cell. Physiol. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regenerated Silk Fibroin Nanofibers: Water Vapor‐Induced Structural Changes and Their Effects on the Behavior of Normal Human Cells
Authors: Min Byung‐Moo , Jeong Lim , Lee Kuen Yong , Park Won Ho 
Published: March 2006

AbstractSummary: Nanofibrous non‐woven matrices were prepared by electrospinning a regenerated silk fibroin (SF) solution, and the structural changes of SF nanofibers treated with water vapor were investigated using time‐resolved IR and 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. Conformational transitions of SF from random coil to β‐sheet structures were induced by water vapor treatment and were strongly dependent on the treatment time and temperature. Water vapor treatment provided a useful means of stabilizing the SF nanofiber matrices, resulting in the formation of matrices with a decreased solubility in water and increased mechanical strength. The adhesion and spreading of both normal human keratinocytes and fibroblasts onto the SF nanofiber matrices were also investigated, and the water vapor‐treated SF nanofiber matrices showed good cellular compatibility, in comparison with traditional methanol‐treated ones. This approach to controlling the conformational changes of SF nanofibers by water vapor treatment may be useful in the design and tailoring of novel materials for biomedical applications, including wound dressings and scaffolds for tissue engineering.Scanning electron microscopic pictures of water vapor‐treated SF nanofibers.imageScanning electron microscopic pictures of water vapor‐treated SF nanofibers.
pH Dependent Equilibria of Poly(anilineboronic acid)‐Saccharide Complexation in Thin Films
Authors: Deore Bhavana A. , Braun Monica D. , Freund Michael S. 
Published: March 2006

AbstractSummary: The complexation of saccharides with poly(anilineboronic acid) as a function of pH has been studied with simultaneous measurements of open‐circuit potential and mass change. This study provides an insight into this reaction as well as the relationship between complexation and open‐circuit potential and the optimum pH for complexation of D‐fructose and D‐glucose. The optimum pH values for poly(anilineboronic acid)‐D‐fructose and ‐D‐glucose complexation are near the pKa values of the complex reported in homogeneous solution. At physiological pH (7.4), the apparent binding constant of D‐fructose and D‐glucose with poly(anilineboronic acid) is 19.2 and 0.2 M−1, respectively. In contrast, at pH 9.0, the apparent binding constant of D‐glucose with poly(anilineboronic acid) is 12 M−1, double than that of D‐fructose. The decrease in complexation in the polymer films at pH values above the pKa of the complexes is in contrast to the behavior in homogeneous solutions. This trend is observed for both D‐fructose and D‐glucose using open‐circuit potential, mass change and polarization modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopic measurements. Also, the complexation is limited in the polymer film, i.e., ≤23% boron is involved. These results suggest that steric and/or electrostatic interactions may play an important role in complexation within polymer films.
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