bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY RECOGNIZING HUMAN THY‐ 1: DISTRIBUTION ON HUMAN AND NON‐HUMAN PRIMATE HAEMATOPOIETIC CELLS
Authors: Foon K. A. , Neubauer R. H. , Wikstrand C. J. , Schroff R. W. , Rabin H. , Seeger R. C. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYA monoclonal antibody designated ‘antibody 390’ (Ab 390) with anti‐human Thy‐1 reactivity was prepared by the hybridoma technique from the splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with human fetal brain. This antibody was shown to have anti‐human Thy‐1 reactivity because (1) it precipitated a molecule with a molecular weight of about 24,000 daltons, (2) it had a pattern of reactivity similar to that of previously described anti‐human Thy‐1 antibodies and (3) purified human Thy‐1 antigen specifically inhibited binding of Ab 390 to a known antigen‐positive cell line. It was the intent of this study to investigate the distribution of Thy‐1 on normal and malignant haematopoietic cells in humans and non‐human primates. We show here that Ab 390 did not react with human peripheral blood leucocytes, bone marrow cells or splenocytes by immunofluorescence but did react with subcapsular and cortical fetal thymocytes by peroxidase‐antiperoxidase immunohistology. A section of fetal spleen demonstrated staining of connective tissue and blood vessels and rare reactive lymphocytes. Adult spleen contained Thy‐1‐positive cells surrounding the white pulp and in the marginal zone, but single‐cell suspensions of splenocytes did not react with Ab 390. Ab 390 was tested against a variety of fresh human leukaemia cells and human cell lines and was shown to react with only the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia T cell line RPMI 8402 and HPB‐MLT. Non‐human primate studies revealed reactivity with a number of T cell lines from New World primates (cotton‐topped and red‐bellied marmosets) and peripheral blood granulocytes (owl monkey). Our studies support previous findings that suggest that human Thy‐1 may be a marker for early T lymphocytes in man, and its distribution on non‐human primate T cell lines suggests the same for certain species of non‐human primates. Non consistent with the distribution on human cells was the demonstration of Ab 390 reactivity with owl monkey granuylocytes.
Ir GENE CONTROL OF T AND B CELL RESPONSES TO DETERMINANTS IN (Glu Lys Ala) TERPOLYMERS
Authors: Babu Uma Mahesh , Lai Chang‐Hai , Maurer Paul H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYAll mice responding to the terpolymer GLA40 make GL, GA and GLA specific antibodies irrespective of their response to GL or GA alone. The mice displayed positive T cell proliferative responses against the homologous terpolymer, but no T cell responses were obtained with GL, which is non‐immunogenic in mice. T cells from GLA immune mice, which are also responders to GA, such as mice of H‐2 haplotypes a, b, d, k and r, could be stimulated by GA. T cells from GLA immune mice of H‐2 haplotypes p and q which are non‐responders to GA could not be stimulated by GA. On the other hand, T cells from H‐2s mice immune to GLA and which are also responders to GA alone could not be stimulated by GA. Thus mice of H‐2 haplotypes p, q and s recognize the terpolymer via ‘GLA' determinants alone, whereas mice of H‐2 haplotypes a, b, d, k and r may recognize both GA and GLA determinants in GLA terpolymer.
THREE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES SPECIFIC FOR HUMAN CLASS II ANTIGENS DETECT RT1B‐LINKED POLYMORPHISMS IN RAT B CELLS
Authors: Ogasawara K. , Takenouchi T. , Kasahara M. , Ikeda H. , Okuyama T. , Ishikawa N. , Fujimoto Y. , Mizuno K. , Sato H. , Ishida Y. , Wakisaka A. , Natori T. , Kikuchi Y. , Aizawa M. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThree monoclonal antibodies HU‐11, HU‐32, and HU‐33, which recognize two distinct polymorphic determinants of human class II antigens, were found to cross‐react with rat B cells carrying an RT1B region‐associated specificity Ba‐2.6. This is the first report demonstrating that xenoimmune antibodies raised against polymorphic determinants of human class II antigens are able to detect polymorphic determinants of class II antigens in a third party species.
EXPRESSION OF Xg AND THE 12E7 ANTIGEN IN PRIMATES
Authors: Shaw M. A. , Tippett P. , Delhanty J. D. A. , Andrews M. , Goodfellow P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYTests on cells from various non‐human primates showed that expression of the 12E7 antigen is the same on cultured fibroblasts, peripheral blood lymphocytes and red blood cells. No quantitative polymorphism of 12E7 expression was observed in any of the animals tested. Tests on red blood cells of these primates confirm that anti‐Xga and the monoclonal antibody 12E7 define different determinants.
IMMUNOGLOBULIN ALLOTYPES IN HUNGARIAN GYPSIES
Authors: Van Loghem Erna , Tauszik T. , Hollan Susan , Nijenhuis L. E. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe allotypic markers of immunoglobulin heavy chains (Gm, Am and Em allotypes) provide important contributions to the differentiation between populations, and they are informative for tracing racial origin, migration and admixture of isolates and stray groups. The combinedGlm; G2m; G3m; A2m; Emhaplotypes are a highly polymorphic system that is a powerful tool in population genetics because of the existence of haplotypes that are unique for a particular race. In this paper, data on Gypsies living in Hungary are compared with those obtained in other populations, in particular Hindus and non‐Hindus from India. The analysis agrees with anthropological and philological evidence for population movements from Asia to Europe.
Gm AND Km ALLOTYPES IN CHARCOT‐MARIE‐TOOTH DISEASE
Authors: Shannon Barry T. , Williams Lowell L. , Fedrick Joseph A. , Pandey Janardan P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYGm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes were studied in 46 Caucasian patients with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT). No significant association of Gm and Km phenotypes with CMT was found. Family studies revealed that Gm haplotypes and CMT were not inherited together, thus arguing against the involvement of immunoglobulin allotypes in CMT.
EVIDENCE FROM CAPPING EXPERIMENTS FOR INDEPENDENCE OF THE RT7 ALLOANTIGEN AND THE LEUCOCYTE COMMON ANTIGEN IN THE RAT
Authors: Lubaroff D. M. , Hunt H. D. , Rasmussen G. T. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYExperiments reported here demonstrate that the RT7 alloantigen and the L‐C antigen are separate and distinct structures on the surface of rat lymphocytes. The distribution of the antigens in different rat strains, including the mutant WF/fz, clearly establish the RT7 antigenic system as a polymorphic diallelic system, whereas the recognized L‐C antigenic determinatn is monomorphic and present on the lymphocytes of all strains tested. These data were obtained using monoclonal antibodies to the antigens in indirect immunoffluorescence experimenta. The two antigens were shown to redistribute (cap) independently of one another on the surface of rat thymocytes. Cells that had been exposed to anti‐L‐C antibody and FITC‐cojugated anti‐Ig followed by anti‐RT7.1 antibody and RITC‐conjugated anti‐Ig demonstrated FITC caps and RITC rings.
ABERRANT MHC ANTIGENS IN A SARCOMA VIRUS‐INDUCED MOUSE TUMOUR
Authors: Schmidt W. , Noll G. , Bevec D. , Henseling U. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYFrom a series of mouse sarcomata, newly induced by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), the DOH cell line was shown to lack expression of syngeneic H‐2Kd and Dk antigens (No11 et al., 1986). It unexpectedly displayed determinants specific for H‐2Kk molecules. Interferon treatment of DOH stimulated the expression of H‐2Kk determinants and also the display of some, but not all, determinants of the syngeneic H‐2Kd molecules. H‐2Dk expression was not stimulated. Southern blot hybridization of genomic DNA digests from DOH cells confirmed the identity of the H‐2K region with that from syngeneic C3H.OH liver cells, but also showed changes in the pattern of restriction fragments that contain class I genes from the D and Qa regions. These results suggest that aberrant MHC class I molecules that carry H‐2Kd‐ and H‐2Kk‐like determinants are expressed by DOH sarcoma cells. These molecules may act as target antigens for turnour‐specific cytotoxic T cells elicited by injection of DOH cells into syngeneic mice.
MANIPULATION OF METASTASIS AND TUMOUR GROWTH BY TRANSFECTION WITH HISTOCOMPATIBILITY CLASS I GENES
Authors: Hammerling G. J. , Klar D. , Katzav S. , Segal S. , Feldman M. , Wallich R. , Hämmerling A. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYApproximately 50% of fibrosarcomas induced with methylcholanthrene A were found to be defective in H‐2 expression. In tumours which lack H‐2K antigens, H‐2 gene transfection was used to restore H‐2K expression. The de novo expression of H‐2K reduced tumorigenicity and abolished the formation of metastases in syngeneic mice. Expression of H‐2K seems to render the tumour cells immunogenic and leads to effective recognition of the tumour cells by the host immune system.
TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL OF MHC CLASS II ANTIGEN EXPRESSION ON MOUSE T CELL LINES
Authors: Singh S. K. , Donovan K. A. , David C. S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYWe have analysed the factors which regulate MHC class II expression in mouse T cell lines. Two such lines, BW 5147 and PLT‐24.2, were used in this study. Using 5‐azacytidine (5 AzaC) we have shown that hypomethylation of DNA can induce class II antigen synthesis in BW 5147. The expression of class II in PLT‐24.2 cells seems to be under a different control mechanism. Southern blot analysis of I‐Aβ gene in PLT‐24.2 suggests that the expression of class II in this cell line is probably the outcome of a gene rearrangement. We hypothesise that insertion of viral long terminal repeats (LTR) next to the class II genes in transformed T cell lines can act as a promoter for the expression of class II antigens.
EXPRESSION OF HLA MOLECULES ON CELLS FROM FRESH EXPLANTS OF HUMAN DIGESTIVE TRACT CANCER
Authors: Garcia‐Espejo R. , Alonso M. C. , Solana R. , Pera C. , Peña J. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYIt has been recently established that there is a correlation between the lack of MHC class I gene expression on murine tumour cells and their ability to grow and metastasize. We have studied the expression of HLA‐ABC and HLA‐DR products on human malignant tumours from the digestive tract using monoclonal antibodies, by indirect immunofluorescence on the cell suspensions obtained from 29 freshly explanted digestive tumours. Our results show that digestive tract cancers have an heterogeneous expression of HLA class I molecules on their surface. Whereas 50% have high levels of expression of these molecules (more than 60% positive cells), 25% have a moderate level of expression (20‐60% positive cells) and 25% have weak expression (less than 20% positive cells).It has been found that there is a correlation between the level of HLA class I molecule expression and the degree of histological differentiation of a tumour. The absence of MHC class I antigens on human tumour cells, detected in this study, may play a relevant role in oncogenesis, as has been established in experimental models.
PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY OF HLA PRODUCTS ON HUMAN MELANOMA CELLS
Authors: Parmiani G. , Taramelli D. , Anichini A. , Andreola S. , Cascinelli N. , Fossati G. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe expression of class I and class II HLA antigens has been studied on primary and metastatic human melanomas, and on cell clones derived from the latter. A panel of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytofluorometric analysis were used to evaluate the presence of HLA‐A, B, C and ‐DR, DQ antigens on freshly isolated tumour cells. HLA class I antigens were present on 91% and 93% of primary and metastatic tumours, respectively. Sixty per cent of primary and 50% of metastatic melanomas expressed HLA‐DR antigens, whereas 38% and 21% of cases were positive for HLA‐DQ. A marked heterogeneity was evident among primary and metastatic lesions for expression of class I and II antigens. Similiar findings were obtained by analysing the phenotype of melanoma clones which indicates that a marked antigenic heterogeneity for class I and II HLA antigens occurs even among clones isolated from short‐term cultures of metastatic melanomas.
MODULATION OF THE EXPRESSION OF HLA CLASS II ANTIGENS BY GAMMA INTERFERON AND PHORBOL ESTER TPA ON MYELOID LEUKAEMIC CELL LINES
Authors: Alonso M. C. , Navarrete C. , Solana R. , Ramirez R. , Peña J. , Festenstein H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYWe investigated the effect of gamma interferon and phorbol ester (TPA), on the expression of HLA class II molecules of myeloid leukaemic cell lines K562, U937, KG‐1, HG60 and ML‐2. Gamma interferon induced the expression of HLA‐DR but not HLA‐DQ on HL‐60 and ML‐2, increased the expression of HLA‐DR and DQ on U937 and induced the expression of HLA‐DQ on KG‐1. TPA treatment did not affect the expression of HLA class II antigens on U937 and KG‐I and induced the expression of HLA‐DR and HLA‐DQ on HL‐60 and ML‐2. TPA treatment did not affect the HLA phenotype of K562 but gamma interferon did induce HLA class I molecules. Thus, gamma interferon cannot only increase the expression of HLA products already expressed on the cells but can also induce the de novo synthesis of these molecules on myeloid leukaemic cell lines.
KINETIC ANALYSIS OF CLONED CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE REACTIVITY AGAINST NORMAL AND LEUKAEMIC TARGET CELLS
Authors: Lefever A. V. , Truitt R. L. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe kinetics of unrestricted killing of normal and leukaemic lymphocyte target cells by a Qa‐lb‐specific murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone were evaluated in a manner analogous to enzyme kinetic assays in which the effector and target cells corresponded to the enzyme and substrate, respectively. In order to apply the enzyme‐substrate analogy to clonal cytolytic reactions, it was first established that the lytic reactions exhibited initial steady‐state velocity of lysis at the effector and target cell concentrations used. The lytic reaction maintained linearity for velocity of lysis during the first 90 min of incubation, then plateaued. Vmax (the maximal rate of target cell lysis achieved by a given effector population) and K, (the target cell number resulting in 1/2Vmax) values were determined over a wide range of target and effector cell concentrations. Both parameters were found to be directly proportional to the number of effector cells. At a given concentration of cloned CTL, the lytic parameters of Vmax and K, were not significantly different for normal or leukaemic target cells that express Qa‐lb. Additional kinetic parameters for lysis of normal and leukaemic target cells by a cloned CTL were also compared. The lytic efficiency of the CTL clone (i.e. maximal killing rate with an infinite number of targets) and the intrinsic anity between effector and target cells were the same with either normal or leukaemic targets. However, the maximal lysis of target cells at an infinite number of effectors was significantly less for normal compared with leukaemic targets. This suggests that the normal target cells were more heterogeneous in their expression of the target (Qa‐1b, antigen. Enzyme‐like kinetic analysis of cell‐mediated lysis reactions can be useful for comparing the relative affinities of effector and target cells obtained from various sources.
ANTI‐MHC IMMUNITY DETECTED PRIOR TO INTENTIONAL ALLOIMMUNIZATION
Authors: ČErny‐Provaznik R. , Kloosterman T. , Verkerk D. , Mourik P. van , Reboul M. , Frangoulis B. , Pla M. , Ivanyi P. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYNaturally occurring H‐2‐specific antibodies can be detected rather frequently in sera of non‐alloimmunized mice by sufficiently sensitive techniques (Cerny‐Provaznik et al., 1985a; Cerny‐Provaznik & Ivanyi, 1985). In this report, we summarize our experiences with the preparation of monoclonal anti‐H‐2 antibodies obtained from hybridization experiments from non‐alloimmunized mice. From a total of 30 spleen cell hybridization experiments, we could isolate only four anti‐H‐2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Two of the m Ab are described in this report. Monoclonal antibody By‐2 is anti‐Kf and mAb By‐3 is anti‐Db, D5. We investigated which conditions favour the isolation of monoclonal H‐2‐specific antibodies from non‐alloimmunized mice. The presence of naturally occurring serum antibodies, the age of the spleen donor mouse or non‐specific B cell stimulation were not critical for the isolation of natural anti‐H‐2 mAb. We hypothesise that the ‘natural’ H‐2‐specific antibodies represent compartments of the B cell repertoire which were triggered by modified or aberrant self‐MHC expression.
FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF HUMAN CLASS II ANTIGENS IN T CELL PROLIFERATIVE RESPONSE COMPARISON OF THE DR AND DQ MOLECULES USING MOUSE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Authors: Chen R.‐F. , Maeda H. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe monoclonal antibody (mAb) NC1 recognizing a monomorphic DR determinant and the anti‐DQ mAbs PLM2, PLM9, and PLM12 recognizing polymorphic DQ determinants were produced. NCI reacted with the Hl Ll (DR) and H1L2 (DRw52, DRw53 and allelic products) complexes of a DR family, while the specificity of PLM12 was DQw3 (previously called TB21). Both PLM2 and PLM9 reacted with the allodeterminant of TAlO (a subtype Of DQw3). These three mAbs immunoprecipitated the same H2L3 complex of a DQ family. With the aid of these mAbs, DR molecules but not DQw3 molecules were detected on monocytes in significant quantities. The functional roles of these class II molecules in the T cell proliferative responses to three soluble antigens (PPD, mite, Candida) and alloantigens were examined by blocking assays in vitro. NCI almost completely inhibited T cell proliferative responses against both soluble antigens and allogeneic antigens. In contrast, PLM2, PLM9 and PLM12 showed no significant inhibitory effects at all. These results indicate that DR and DQ antigens are different in their functional roles as well as their serological and immunochemical characteristics and tissue distributions; these three soluble antigens and the alloantigen were presented in association with determinants residing predominantly on two forms of NCl‐reactive molecule, namely the H1L1 and/or HlL2 complex of a DR family but not in association with the DQw3 allodeterminant on the H2L3 complex of a DQ family.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HUMAN IgM AUTOANTIBODIES AND κ CHAIN ALLOTYPES
Authors: Goni F. R. , Frangione B. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYThe relationship between the immunoglobulin kappa light chain allotypes and autoantibodies was studied in a series of seven human monoclonal kappa‐bearing IgM antibodies with Rheumatoid Factor (RF) activity, two IgM anti‐low density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, and one IgM anti‐intermediate filament (IF) antibody. Residues at amino acid positions 153 and 191 related to the Km allotypes in human kappa chains were determined by an HPLC tryptic fingerprint and corroborated by amino acid sequence analysis. All the autoantibodies shared similar variable regions derived from the V gene(s). The seven RF and the anti IF were associated with the Km(3) constant region allotype whereas the two antiLDL were associated with the Km(1,2) allotype. Thus, monoclonal autoantibodies showed the same Km allotypic distribution as the normal population. However, although the number of samples is small, it seems likely that a preferential association may exist between particular V, genes and Km alleles in the generation of autoantibodies with different specificities.
MOLECULAR COMPLEXITY OF Qa‐2 ANTIGENS DEMONSTRATED BY TWO‐DIMENSIONAL GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
Authors: Robinson P. J. , Lefkovits I. , Lindahl K. Fischer 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYBiosynthetically labelled Qa‐2 antigens were isolated from mouse spleen cells by immunoprecipitation with anti‐Qa‐2 antisera. When newly synthesized Qa‐2 molecules from several different inbred strains were analysed by two‐dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis; four different phenotypes were observed that differed in the number of polypeptides present. The ability to distinguish Qa‐2+ phenotypes was used to map the recombination points in two congenic strains, B6. Tlaa and A. Tlab. No alternative Qa‐2‐like polypeptides were detected in B6.K1 (Qa‐2−) cells using a polyspecific rabbit antiserum against mouse class I antigens, but a new molecule was detected in BALB/cBy (Qa‐2−) cells. Pulse‐chase and surface‐labelling experiments showed that some, but not all, of the newly synthesized Qa‐2 precursor forms are processed to mature cell surface molecules.
HETEROGENEITY OF STEROID 21‐HYDROXYLASE GENES IN CLASSICAL CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA
Authors: Dawkins R. L. , Martin E. , Kay P. H. , Garlepp M. J. , Wilton A. N. , Stuckey M.S. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARYCareful genotyping of three families, each having a member with classical salt‐losing steroid 21‐hydroxylase deficiency, has allowed identification of carrier haplotypes. Digestion with TaqI or EcoRI and probing with a cDNA probe for the 21‐hydroxylase genes (pC21/3c) revealed that all six affected haplotypes are abnormal with at least EcoRI. The data suggest that there is extreme polymorphism of the 21‐hydroxylase genes and that dysfunction may result from several different abnormalities.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE INTERPRETATION OF I‐J GENETIC RESTRICTIONS: EVIDENCE THAT THE ANTIGEN‐BINDING CHAIN OF ANTIGEN‐SPECIFIC T‐SUPPRESSOR FACTOR HAS TWO RECOGNITION SITES FOR MEMBERS OF THE I‐J HIERARCHY
Authors: Asherson G. L. , Zembala M. , Romano G. Colonna , Colizzi V. 
Published: April 2007

SUMMARY(CBA × B10)F1 [(H‐2k x H‐2b)] mice produce two types of antigen‐specific T‐suppressor factor (TsF), which can be separated by affinity chromatography on anti‐I‐J monoclonal antibody. After reduction and alkylation, both chains of F1 TsF are required for biological activity. However, the antigen‐binding chain (AgBC) of F1 TsFk (AgBCk) is only complemented by I‐Jk and likewise for F1 TsFb. In other words, interchain complementation shows the same genetic restriction in interchain complementation in parental and F1 mice. F1 TsF bearing, for example, I‐Jk (TsFk), interacts with haptenized ‘antigen‐presenting cells’ (‘APC’) of both parental haplotypes, and may be described as showing dual reactivity. In contrast, it is known that parental TsF shows single reactivity, and only interacts with haptenized ‘APC’ of the parental haplotype. The combination of F1 AgBCk and parental I‐Jk chains interacts with haptenized ‘APC’ of both parental haplotypes (dual reactivity). In contrast, the combination of parental AgBCb and F1 I‐Jb shows single reactivity and only interacts with haptenized ‘APCb’. It was inferred that the antigen‐binding chain is responsible for the dual reactivity and, hence, for the interaction with a member of the I‐J hierarchy on the ‘APC’. It was concluded that the antigen‐binding chain of TsF has two recognition sites for members of the I‐J hierarchy—one for interchain complementation and the other for interaction with the haptenized ‘antigen‐presenting cell’. The term member of fhe I‐J hierarchy is used instead of I‐J because it is not clear whether the AgBC interacts with I‐J or a receptor for I‐J, or indeed a receptor for that receptor.