bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mannich‐type reactions of an isobasic isoquinoline
Authors: Iiarsányi KáLmán , Kiss Pál , Korbonits Dezsö 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBase catalyzed reaction of 1‐cyanomethylene‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahyroisoquinoline (I) with 2 moles of formaldehyde gave rise to the 1,3‐oxazino[4,3‐a ]isoquinoline ring system (III). Reaction of I with a primary amine and 2 moles of formaldehyde gave pyrimido[ 6,1‐a ]‐isoquinoline (VI).
Synthescs and some reactions ofN,N'‐diamino‐2,2′‐ and −4,4′‐bipyridinium salts
Authors: Tamura Yasumitsu , Miki Yasuyoshi , Ideda Masazumi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe syntheses and some reaetions ofN,N'‐diamino‐2,2′‐ and 4,4′‐bipyridinium salts (IV, V and VI) are described. These compounds are prepared by the reaction of bipyridyls (I‐III) withO‐mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine in moderate to good yields. Compounds IV and VI were found to give theN,N'‐diacyl derivatives by the reaction with acyl chlorides and to undergo 1,.3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction with an acetylenic compound to give 1:2 adducts. Photo‐irradiation ofN,N'‐dibenzoylimino‐2,2′‐bipyridinium betaine (IX) isomerizes to a mono diazepine derivative (XVI).
Synthèses en série de la céto‐6 imidazo[4,5,1‐ij] quinoléine
Authors: Kamenka Jean‐Marc , Alam Mohammad N. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractUne pnéparation, en six étapes, d'hétérocycles du type dihydro‐4,5 céto‐6 imidazo[4,5,1‐ij]‐quinoléine, à partir de l'o‐nitraniline, est décrite. Le groupement carbonyle peut permettre d'introduire par la suite divers substituants dans le cycle hydropyridinique.
Synthetie approaches to steroidal alkaloids III . An attempted synthesis of ring‐e of veratramine
Authors: Huffman J. W. , Singh S. N. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn an effort to devise an alternative synthesis of the hydroxypiperidine ring present in the alkaloid veratramine, a model synthesis starting from cis‐6‐phenyl‐4‐heptenoie acid was explored. This acid was converted to the epoxide of cis‐6‐phcnyl‐1‐amino‐4‐hepten which on heating gave 2‐( 1‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylpropyl)pyrrolidine as the only produet. As a reference compound, 2‐(1‐phenylethyl)‐3‐hydroxypiperidine was synthesized using a variation of an established procedure.
Mesoionic purinone analogs. III. The synthesis and properties of mesoionic thiazolo[3,2‐a ] pyrimidine‐5,7‐diones
Authors: Coburn R. A. , Glennon R. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA number of mesoionic thiazolo[3,2‐a ]pyrimidine‐5,7‐diones, isoconjugate mesoionic analogs of xanthinc, were prepared by the condensation of 2‐alkylaminothiazoles with bis(2,4,6‐trichloro‐phenyl)malonate esters. The ground state molecular properties and reactions of these compounds were found to be consistent with predictions based upon previous SCF molecular orbital treatments of the π‐systems of these analogs.
Structural differentiation of isomeric N‐oxides
Authors: Rondeau Roger E. , Steppel Richard N. , Rosenberg Herbert M. , Knaak Lawrence E. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe recently reported photochemical isomerization of 1‐(2‐pyridyl)benzotriazole 3‐oxide to the 2‐oxide created a need for a method of distinguishing between the structural isomers. Nmr experiments using Eu(fod)3 established the position of the oxygen atoms and also yielded convincing evidence regarding attachment of the lanthanide shift reagent to these multi‐functional compounds. Double irradiation experiments were used to resolve the structural problem while shift gradient considerations led to probable sites of coordination.
The crystal structure of 10‐acetonylphenoxatellurine nitrate, C15H13NO5Te
Authors: Smith M. R. , Mangion M. M. , Meyers E. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe crystal structure of C15 H13NO5Te was determined from X‐ray diffractometer data. The unit cell is triclinic (BĪ): a = 17.118(5), b = 7.402(2), c = 12.225(2) Å, α = 87.96(1), β = 93.31 (1), γ = 92.13(2)° at 22°C, Z = 4/cell, and the conventional R = 0.025 for 2497 independent reflections. The molecule is folded along the Te‐ring oxygen axis (135° ). The average Te‐ring carbon distance is 2.101 Å, the Te‐acetonyl carbon distance is 2.129 Å and the average C‐ring oxygen distance is 1.388 Å. The acetonyl group and phenyl rings have normal distances and angles, and the nitrate group is nearly regular, with Te…ONO2 = 2.775 Å. The coordination around Te is that of an extremely distorted trigonal bipyramid, with apical positions occupied by one ring carbon and the ONO2 group (167.4°), and two axial positions occupied by the acetonyl carbon and the other ring carbon (94.6°). Coordinates of all hydrogen atoms were determined.
The crystal structure of bisphenoxatelluronium dinitrate, C24H16O9N2Te2
Authors: Mangion M. M. , Smith M. R. , Meyers E. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBisphenoxatelluronium dinitrate is monoelinie, P21/c: a = 11.638(4), b = 28.266(8), c = 8.546(3) å, β = 119.73(2)°, z = 4 at t = 22°. All atoms including hydrogen were located. The two ring systems, I and II, are folded along their Te‐O axes, 147° and 163°, respectively. The average ring bond distances are: Te‐C = 2.091, C‐C = 1.377, C‐O = 1.370 Å. Each Te is bonded to one NO3 group, Te1‐ON1 = 2.485(5), Te2‐ON4 = 2.393(4) Å, and an oxygen bridge connects the ring systems, Te1‐OB = 1.966(4), Te2‐OB = 2.001(4) Å, Te1‐OB‐Te2 = 125.0(2)°. The bond distances and angles of the structure are compared to those of related compounds.
Pyrrolopyridazines. 1. Synthesis and reactivity of pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyridazine 5‐oxides
Authors: Dan Cook P. , Castle Raymond N. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractReaction of ethyl 4‐ethoxymethyleneamino‐3‐methoxy‐5‐pyridazinylpyruvate 1‐oxide (8) under various conditions constitutes a new approach to substituted pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyridazines. The resulting substituted pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyridazine 5‐oxides were allowed to react further to provide a number of new compounds in this ring system.
Etude en serie as‐triazine. X. Réactions nucleophiles sur les triazines‐1,2,4 ones‐5
Authors: Daunis Jaeques , Jacquier Et Robert 
Published: March 2009

AbstractL'action des réactifs de Grignard sur la méthyl‐6 triazinone‐5 et sur ses dérivés méthylés, permet de mettre en évidence plusieurs types d'addition; l'orientation vers l'une ou l'autre des réactions dépend de la structure de la triazinone‐5 et de l'eneombrement du réactif. Dans chaque cas un schéma reudant compte du déroulement de la réaction est proposé. L'action de l'hydrure d'aluminium et de lithium est étudiée à titre de comparaison.
Pyridazines. LIX. An unusual reaction of azidoazolopyridazines with diethylamine
Authors: Polanc S. , Stanovnik B. , Tiller M. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract6‐Azidoazolopyridazines and 6‐azidopyridotetrazolopyridazines react in the presence of diethylamine to give various products. Among them, the corresponding diethylaminomethylene‐amino derivatives were formed in a novel reaction.
Azole chemistry. VI.. tetrazolo[5,4‐b] [1,3] thiazinium salts
Authors: Alper Howard , Stout Richard W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractCyclodehydration of tetrazolyl γ‐keto sulfides, prepared by treatment of β‐halo ketones with 5‐mereapto‐1‐substituted‐1,2,3,4‐tetrazoles (1), gave 1,5‐diaryl‐7H‐tetrazolo[5,4‐6 ] [1,3] thiazinium salts in reasonable yields. Reaction of1with epoxy bromides afforded 6‐hydroxy‐1‐substiluled‐6,7‐dihydro‐5H‐letrazolo[5,4‐b] [ 1,3]thiazinium bromides. The spectral properties of the fused thiazinium salts are discussed.
A novel crystalline tetrazolo‐azido isomer pair: Pyrido[ 2,3‐e] tetrazolo[5,1‐c]‐as‐triazine and 3‐azidopyrido[2,3‐e]‐as‐triazine; the synthesis of tetrazolo[5,1‐c] benzo‐as‐triazine and pyrido[2,3‐e]‐s‐triazolo[3,4‐c] ‐as‐triazine
Authors: Messmer A. , Hajós Cy. , Benkó P. , Pallas L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe deoxygenated derivative of 3‐azidobenzo‐as‐triazine 1‐oxide (II) exists in solution predominantly as 3‐azidobenzo‐as‐triazine form (IVa) but in the crystalline state as tetrazolo[5,]‐c]‐benzo‐as‐triazine (IVb), a new fused heteroaromatie ring system. With the pyrido[2,3‐e]‐as‐triazine derivatives, however, both 3‐azidopyrido[2,3‐e]‐as‐triazine (X) and pyrido[2,3‐e] tetra‐zolo[5,1‐e]‐as‐triazine (XI) can be isolated in crystalline form, and these are interconvertible. Another new ring system, the pyrido[2,3‐e] triazolo [3,4‐c]‐as‐triazine (XVII) and its derivatives has also been synthesized.
[1]Benzothieno[2,3‐d]pyridazines V. Etude des Réactions de substitution des Benzothiéno[2,3‐d]pyridazinethiones
Authors: Robba M. , Dore G. , Bonhomme Et M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractLes réactions de substitution et d'addition de la 2H‐[ 1] benzothiéno[2,3‐d]pyridazinethione‐l et de la 3H‐[1 ]benzothiéno[2,3‐d]pyridazinethione‐4 conduisent á des dérivés S‐ ou N‐sub‐stitués ainsi qu'á des mélanges. Les structures sont établies à l'aide des spectres IRet de RMN.
Chiral 1,4‐bensodiazepines. V. ‐ synthesis and properties of 1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones containing α‐amino acids as a part of the 1,4‐diazepine ring
Authors: Šunjiè V. , Kajfež F. , Štromar I. , Blaževié N. , Kolbah D. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractChiral 1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones XIII‐XXIIII (Scheme 1) were prepared starting from N‐protected α‐amino acids and 2‐amino‐5chlorobenzeophenone; the intermediates I‐XII were isolated and identified. Spectroscopie propertiec of these componds are discussed (ir, nmr); their optical stability, as well as the cyclization rate for XII‐XIII in buffer solution have been determined.
Cyclopentyl derivatives of 8‐azahypoxanthine and 8‐azaadenine. Carbocyclic analogs of 8‐azainosine and 8‐azaadenosine
Authors: Shealy Y. Fulmer , Clayton Joe D. , Allen O'Dell C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFour types of carboeyclic analogs of 8‐azahypoxanthine and 8‐azaadenine nucleosides have been prepared. This group of analogs is comprised of derivatives having the (±)‐as‐3‐(hydroxy‐methyl)cyclopentyl,(±)‐trans‐3‐hydroxy‐cis‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl), (±)‐trans‐2‐hydroxy‐cis‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentyl, and (±)‐trans‐2,trans‐3‐dihydroxy‐cis‐4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐cyelopentyl groups at position 3 of 3,6‐dihydro‐7H‐v‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidm‐7‐one and of 7‐amino‐3H‐v‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidine. Diazotization of (5‐amino‐6‐chloropyrimidin‐4‐yl‐amino)eyclopentane derivatives and acidic hydrolysis, without isolation of the resulting 7‐chloro‐3H‐v‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidines yielded the 8‐azahypoxanthine derivatives (III). Treatment of unpurified 7‐chloro‐3H‐v‐triazolo[4,5‐d]pyrimidines with anhydrous ammonia gave the 8‐azaadenine derivatives (IV). The cyclopentane analogs of 8‐azaadenylic acid and of 8‐aza‐adenosine 3′,5′ ‐cyclic monophosphate were prepared from the 8‐azaadenosine analog.
Synthesis of 5,5′[[[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]imino]]bis[3‐(trichloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole] and related thiadiazoles as antimalarial agents
Authors: Faslager Edward F. , Johnson Judith , Werbel Leslie M. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe condensation of 5‐chloro‐3‐(trichloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole (VIII) with N,N‐dimelhyl‐1,3‐propanediamine gave 5‐¶ [3‐(dimethylammo)propyl]amino¶‐3‐(trichloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thia‐diazole(5) and 5,5′‐¶[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]imino)¶bis[3‐(triehloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐tliiadiazole] (14), together with 5,5′‐[(3‐¶ methyl[ 3‐(trichloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazol‐5‐yl ]amino Jpropyl)‐imino]bis[3‐(trichloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole] (17) which was formed via an unusual displacement of the distal methyl group of 14. The remarkable antimalarial activity of 14 prompted the synthesis of an array of 5‐amino‐3‐(trichloromethyl, methyl, and 3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles and 5,5′‐¶[(dialkylamino)alkyl]imino¶bis[3‐(trichloromethyl, methyl, and 3,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles] from an amine and the requisite 5‐chloro‐3‐substituted‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles, which were prepared from the appropriate amidine and trichloromethylsull'enyl chloride. 5‐¶3‐[(Diethylamino)methyl]‐p‐anisidino ¶‐3‐(triehloromethyl)‐1,2,4‐thiadiazole (13) was active against a chloroquine‐resistant line of Plasrnodium berghei in the mouse, and compound 14, the most promising member of the series overall, was designated for expanded antimalarial and toxicological studies. Structure‐activity relationships against P. berghei in mice and P. gallinaceum in chicks are discussed.
Synthesis and antimalarial effects of 2‐(3,4‐dichloroanilino)‐7‐[[[(dialkylamino)alkyl]amino]]‐5‐methyl‐s‐triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines
Authors: Werbel Leslie M. , Elslager Edward F. , Chu Vera P. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract3,4‐Dichlorophenylisothioeyanate (10) was allowed to react with 2‐methy1‐2‐thiopseudourea to give methyl 4‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)(dithioaltophanimidate (11) (41%), which upon treatment with hydrazine afforded 3‐amino‐5‐(3,4‐dichloroanilino)‐s‐triazole (12) (54‐91%). Ring‐closure with ethyl acetoacetale in acetic acid afforded 2‐(3,4‐dichloroanilino)‐5‐methyl‐s‐triazolo[ 1,5‐α ]‐pyrimidin‐7‐ol (13) (81%). Chlorination with phosphorus oxychloride gave 7‐chloro‐2‐(3,4‐dichloroanilino)‐5‐methyl‐s‐triazolo[1,5‐α ]pyrimidine (14) (98%), which was condensed with various amines to yield the desired 2‐(3,4‐diehloroanilino)‐7‐¶[(dialkylamino)alkyl]arnino¶‐5‐methyl‐s‐triazolo[ 1,5‐α]pyrimidines (6a‐d). The structures of the s‐triazolo[ 1,5‐α ]pyrimidines were based on nmr spectroscopy and ring stability considerations. Several of the amino‐s‐triazolo[ 1,5‐α ]pyrimidines possessed antimalarial activity against P. berghei in mice.
Challenges and opportunities in Academic Hospital Medicine: Report from the Academic Hospital Medicine Summit
Authors: Flanders Scott A. , Centor Bob , Weber Valerie , McGinn Thomas , DeSalvo Karen , Auerbach Andrew 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The field of hospital medicine is growing rapidly in academic medical centers. However, few organizations have explicitly considered the opportunities for and barriers to hospital medicine's development as an academic field in internal medicine.OBJECTIVE:The objective was to develop consensus around key areas limiting or facilitating hospital medicine's development as an academic discipline.DESIGN:The design was a consensus format conference of key stakeholders in academic hospital medicine.RESULTS:The consensus group identified several issues impeding the development of academic hospital medicine as a recognized entity in academic settings, including extraordinarily rapid growth, increasingly preponderant nonteaching roles, and demands to perform nonclinical duties (such as quality improvement) not generally viewed as academic pursuits. The consensus group developed recommendations for addressing these concerns, specifically: 1) characterizing the optimal job description for an academic hospitalist, 2) developing better local and at‐a‐distance opportunities for training academic hospitalists in key aspects of early career success, and 3) advocating for the development of fellows and junior faculty researchers in hospital medicine.SUMMARY:Fostering academic hospital medicine will help address these issues more effectively and will help the field while also attracting the next generation of generalists needed to care for an increasingly complex inpatient population. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:240–246. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Synthesis of novel WAY 100635 derivatives containing a norbornene group and radiofluorination of [18F]AH1.MZ as a serotonin 5‐HT1A receptor antagonist for molecular imaging
Authors: Herth Matthias M. , Kramer Vasko , Rösch Frank 
Published: March 2009

Abstract5‐HT1A receptors are involved in a variety of psychiatric disorders and in vivo molecular imaging of the 5‐HT1A status represents an important approach to analyze and treat these disorders. We report herein the synthesis of three new fluoroethylated 5‐HT1A ligands (AH1.MZ, AH2.MZ and AH3.MZ) as arylpiperazine derivatives containing a norbornene group. AH1.MZ (Ki= 4.2 nM) and AH2.MZ (Ki=30 nM) showed reasonable in vitro affinities to the 5‐HT1A receptor, whereas AH3.MZ appeared to be non‐affine toward the 5‐HT1A receptor. The receptor profile of AH1.MZ and AH2.MZ showed selectivity within the 5‐HT system. 18F‐labelling via [18F]FETos to [18F]AH1.MZ was carried out in radiochemical yields of >70%. The final formulation of injectable solutions including [18F]FETos synthon synthesis, radiosynthesis and semi‐preparative high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation took no longer than 130 min and provided [18F]AH1.MZ with a purity of  >98% as indicated by analytical HPLC analyses. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of cloudiness over the values of erythemal radiation in Valencia, Spain
Authors: Esteve A. R. , Marín M. J. , Tena F. , Utrillas M. P. , Martínez‐Lozano J. A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe influence of cloudiness over experimental UV erythemal radiation (UVER) has been studied. This influence has been analysed considering total cloudiness and low clouds. The measurements of cloudiness correspond to the daily values registered at 13:00 GMT at the Meteorological Centre of Valencia, which is part of the State Agency of Meteorology of Spain (AEMET). The UVER measurements were made using a YES UVB‐1 radiometer located on the roof terrace of the Physics Faculty at the Burjassot Campus, Valencia (latitude 39.508° , longitude − 0.418° , 60 m above sea level). First, a statistical analysis of cloudiness at 13:00 GMT in Valencia was carried out, confirming that the situation is mainly clear skies or very few clouds. Next, the influence of cloudiness on experimental UVER values was analysed, for both total cloudiness and low clouds. The experimental UVER values decrease as cloudiness increases for all solar zenith angles (SZA), and this reduction increases with the zenith angle. Next, the cloud modification factor (CMF) has been defined to reduce the influence of the zenith angle and ozone over the UVER. In order to quantify the relationship between CMF and the degree of cloudiness in oktas, linear, quadratic and potential regressions for both total cloudiness and low clouds have been calculated. Transmissivity due to total cloudiness and for overcast skies reaches 40%. On the other hand, the analysis of the influence over the zenith angle shows that CMF reduces as the zenith angle increases in the case of both total cloudiness and low clouds. With regard to the low cloud CMF, the results are comparable to those proposed by the COST‐713 Action “UV‐B Forecasting” for partially cloudy or cloudy skies (70% and 50%, respectively). Finally, the relationship between the CMF and the clearness index (kT) has been analysed, as both parameters are simple indicators of cloudiness. It has been proved that such relationship is close to unity for zenith angles in the mid‐range, while the CMF is greater than kT for lower SZA and is less than kT for high SZA, which indicates a certain dependence of these two parameters on the zenith angle. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Synthesis and Raman spectroscopic study of Mg/Al,Fe hydrotalcites with variable cationic ratios
Authors: Palmer Sara J. , Frost Ray L. , Spratt Henry J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractHydrotalcites of formula Mg6(Al,Fe)2(OH)16(CO3)·4H2O formed by intercalation with the carbonate anion as a function of divalent/trivalent cationic ratio have been successfully synthesised. The XRD patterns show variation in the d‐spacing attributed to the size of the cation. Raman and infrared bands in the OH stretching region are assigned to (1) brucite layer OH stretching vibrations, (2) water stretching bands and (3) water strongly hydrogen bonded to the carbonate anion. Multiple (CO3)2− symmetric stretching bands suggest that different types of (CO3)2− exist in the hydrotalcite interlayer. Increasing the cation ratio (Mg/Al,Fe) resulted in an increase in the combined intensity of the two Raman bands at around 3600 cm−1, attributed to MgOH stretching modes, and a shift of the overall band profile to higher wavenumbers. These observations are believed to be a result of the increase in magnesium in the structure. Raman spectroscopy shows a reduction in the symmetry of the carbonate, leading to the conclusion that the anions are bonded to the brucite‐like hydroxyl surface and to the water in the interlayer. Water bending modes are identified in the infrared spectra at positions greater than 1630 cm−1, indicating that water is strongly hydrogen bonded to both interlayer anions and the brucite‐like surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopic study of the uranyl mineral natrouranospinite (Na2,Ca)[(UO2)(AsO4)]2· 5H2O
Authors: Čejka Jiří , Sejkora Jiří , Frost Ray L. , Keeffe Eloise C. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRaman spectra of natrouranospinite complemented with infrared spectra were studied and related to the structure of the mineral. Observed bands were assigned to the stretching and bending vibrations of (UO2)2+ and (AsO4)3− units and of water molecules. UO bond lengths in uranyl and OH···O hydrogen bond lengths were calculated from the Raman and infrared spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multipeak fitting analysis of Raman spectra on DLCH film
Authors: Tai F. C. , Lee S. C. , Chen J. , Wei C. , Chang S. H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe hydrogenated diamond‐like carbon (DLCH) film with 1‐µm thickness is deposited by direct hydrocarbon gas ion beam method on silicon wafer and annealed at 400 °C. Detailed Raman spectra feature are fitted from nine sets of different peak fitting functions, including Gaussian, Lorentzian and Breit‐Wigner‐Fano (BWF) functions. These fitting results obtained from a two‐peak combination show some specific variances on the G peak position, FWHMG and ID/IG ratio for as‐deposited and as‐annealed DLCH films. The most popular two‐peak fitting method with full Gaussian function tends to exhibit a higher ratio of the G peak position shift and higher ID/IG ratio than others fitting methods, the drastic difference among the most popular G (G) & G (D) and B (G) & L (D) schemes also have brought out in ID/IG ratio. However, for a more complex four‐peak Gaussian function fitting Raman spectra, the ID/IG ratio is close to that of a two‐peak fitting function with a mixture functions of BWF (G) and L (D). Furthermore, a series of systematic peak fitting procedures and comparisons of Raman spectra have been discussed in this study. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct observation of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering in ZnO nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Ruan Weidong , Zhang Junhu , Yang Bai , Xu Weiqing , Zhao Bing , Lombardi John R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe have been able to observe the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from 4‐mercaptopyridine (4‐Mpy) molecules adsorbed on ZnO nanocrystals, which display 103 enhancement factors (EFs). An excitation wavelength‐dependent behavior is clearly observed. Another molecule BVPP is also observed to have surface‐enhanced Raman signals. The chemical enhancement is most likely responsible for the observed enhancement, since plasmon resonances are ruled out. The research is important not only for a better understanding of the SERS mechanism, but also for extension of the application of Raman spectroscopy to a variety of adsorption problems on a semiconductor surface. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.