bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harmonization of practice of release of patients after radiopharmaceutical therapy
Authors: Chipiga Larisa , Likhacheva Anastasia , Vodovatov Alexander , Zvonova Irina , Stanzhevsky Andrey , Vazhenina Daria , Maystrenko Dmitry 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Implementation of the novel therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals requires developing, updating, and harmonizing requirements for radiation safety in radiopharmaceutical therapy. Public exposure from patients with administered radiopharmaceutical and biological radioactive waste management can be identified as the main problems in radiopharmaceutical therapy. The aim of the study was to compare different approaches to development of patient release criteria after radiopharmaceutical therapy with different radiopharmaceuticals considering radiation exposure of members of the public in transport, biological elimination of radionuclides from a patient body and generation of biological waste. The study was performed for the following radiopharmaceuticals: 177Lu-PSMA-617, 177Lu-DOTATATE, Na131I, 131I-mIBG, 153Sm-oxabifor. Two base approaches to patient release criteria were considered. The first approach based on the radioactive decay of radionuclide and divided into groups: considering one radiopharmaceutical administration and considering several radiopharmaceutical administrations per course. The second approach based on the radioactive decay of radionuclide and biological elimination of radiopharmaceutical from the patient body (effective half-life) and divided into groups: based on 1 mSv and 5 mSv dose constrains per course. Effective dose rates from patient and sewage tank to passengers or staff in public transport were estimated for various scenarios of patient traveling after radiopharmaceutical therapy. The results demonstrated that the radiation safety of members of the public in transport should be considered while establishing the release criteria of patients after radiopharmaceutical therapy. Based on results, it is recommended to follow the approach based on the radioactive decay of radionuclide and dose constrain to members of the public in contact with patient of 1 mSv per one radiopharmaceutical administration and keep patient in the nuclear medicine department after radiopharmaceutical administration for at least 4-6 hours. Patient release criteria defined according to that approach comply with patient release criteria operated in different countries and allow maintaining radiation safety of the public.
Comparative analysis of particle irradiation and second phases additions on the critical current densities of YBa2Cu3O7 single crystals, thin films, and coated conductors: implications for fusion reactors magnets
Authors: Civale Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The study of irradiation effects in cuprate high temperature superconductors (HTS) has been a topic of interest since their discovery. Enormous progress in the understanding of vortex physics and pinning mechanisms was made in the early 1990’s through the irradiation of HTS single crystals with a variety of particles over broad ranges of energies. For YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO), the overall conclusion was that irradiation could increase the critical current density (Jc) by orders of magnitude. The interpretation of the results was simplified by the fact that the pristine crystals were very clean, with few pinning centers and quite low Jc, thus essentially all pinning in the irradiated crystals could be attributed to the controllably added disorder. The case of the YBCO epitaxial thin films and coated conductors (CC) is more complex, because the pre-irradiation samples already have high Jc due to the presence of large densities of strong pinning centers, which are fabrication-method and processing dependent. The most popular and efficient method to further increase Jc in CC has been the incorporation of artificial pinning centers (APC) by chemical incorporation of second phases. Efforts by many groups worldwide demonstrated that a diversity of APC can be effective, and it is now clear that mixed pinning landscapes, nanoengineered by the combination of defects of various shapes and sizes, produce the best results. In some cases, particle irradiation is still effective at enhancing Jc in CCs, by more modest factors than in the single crystals. Interaction with pre-existing defects cannot be ignored, resulting in both cooperating and competing effects. In this work, I review the vortex pinning generated in YBCO by defects of various geometries (point defects, randomly distributed nanoparticles, aligned or splayed columnar) created either by particle irradiation, incorporation of second phases, or combinations of both routes, and discuss some implications of those results for the design of fusion reactors CC magnets.&#xD;
Development and evaluation of dose management system for paediatric image-guided radiotherapy
Authors: Lee B. , Oh G. , Lee J. , Kim H. , Seo J. , Han M.J. , Kang S.W. , Kim J.S. , Chung J.B. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Paediatric patients exhibit highened sensitivity to
radiation compared to adults during image-guided radiation therapy,
underscring the need for careful dose management, even for minimal
exposures. This study aims to develop and evaluate a system for
efficiently recording and managing imaging doses. Monte Carlo (MC)
simulations were employed to accurately model the radiation dose
from the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) system utilized in
this study. Additionally, a custom detector was designed for image
processing. The full-pan mode was chosen to reconstruct images for
paediatric patients from data acquired through a 200∘ rotation. In
the dosimetric analysis, the tissue-absorbed doses were calculated
using MC simulations within a computerizsed anatomical phantom
tailored for paediatric use. The study utilized hybrid
anthropomorphic phantom representing ages 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30
years to compute and record organ doses. The developed system
accounted for offsets generated during the image verification after
patient examinations and treatments, applying these adjustments to
image dose calculations. Finalized results were stored on a server,
maintaining a record of daily imaging doses for each patient. The
simulation process required approximately 20 hours per inspection,
with results converted to the Digital Imaging and Communications in
Medicine (DICOM) format and analysed using the Eclipse treatment
planning system. Among all age groups, the 0-year-old phantom
received the highest radiation doses across all organs due to
minimal attenuation before reaching the target organs. The greatest
dose variation based on rotation angle was observed in the eyes and
lens. This study successfully developed and evaluated a
retrospective system for managing and optimizing CBCT image doses in
paediatric radiotherapy, demonstrating its potential for improving
radiation safety and dose tracking in young patients.
Numerical and experimental study on surface topography of spur gear generated by double-roller gear ultrasonic rolling
Authors: Shi Zhengyu , Shao Wen , Tang Jinyuan , Shi Yu , Lv Liangliang , Chen Jiling , Feng Guoxi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Compared with shot peening, the Double-roller Gear Ultrasonic Rolling (DGUR) process not only improves gear fatigue properties but also effectively reduces surface roughness. However, there is a lack of surface topography modeling methods for this process. Based on the Hertzian contact theory, this paper introduces a numerical model for the DGUR process that incorporates initial residual stress and the surface topography of the sample gear. Subsequently, DGUR experiments were conducted with four different processing parameters. The experimental and simulated results are consistent for both gear surface topography and two-dimensional gear face profiles, and the relative errors of 3D roughness parameters Sa and Sq were less than 5%, confirming the model’s validity. Based on this model, we investigated the relationship between the DGUR process and the Sa, Sq parameters. The experimental outcomes indicated that the DGUR treatment considerably improved the gear tooth surface roughness, decreasing Sa from an initial 0.497 μm to 0.144 μm and Sq from 0.595 μm to 0.203 μm, thereby significantly improving gear tooth surface roughness.
Optimizing CdS/Sb2S3 Solar Cells for Enhanced Performance: Reaching 26.83% Efficiency
Authors: Treviño-Yarce Leticia , Rosendo Andrés Enrique , ZEPEDA MEDINA JOSE CARLOS , Robles-Aguila Maria Josefina , Morales Ruíz Crisoforo , Galeazzi Isasmendi Reina , Coyopol Solís Antonio , García Salgado Godofredo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study, developed a CdS/Sb2S3-based solar cell structure using Sb2S3 as the absorber material and CdS as the window layer. The performance of the ITO/CdS/Sb2S3/Pt heterostructure was numerically analyzed using SCAPS-1D software. The investigation focused on the impact of the back contact's work function, where platinum yielded the best results. Furthermore, the effects of absorber and window layer thickness, series and parallel resistances, total defect density, acceptor concentration, and operating temperature on Voc, Jsc, FF, and overall solar cell efficiency were systematically examined. The evolution of peak power conversion efficiencies under AM1.5 conditions, as represented in the NREL efficiency chart, serves as a key benchmark for evaluating and comparing the performance of different photovoltaic technologies. Thin-film solar cells have achieved a maximum reported efficiency of 23.6% according to this standard. However, the structure proposed in this study achieves a remarkable efficiency of 26.83% under the AM1.5 G illumination spectrum. This result highlights the potential of the developed technology for high-performance solar energy conversion applications. Additionally, when the operating temperature varied from 10°C to 60°C, the efficiency decreased by only 2%, demonstrating the structure’s high thermal stability.
From fibers to fuel cells: advanced nanofiber innovations and perovskite strategies for enhanced SOFC efficiency and stability
Authors: Zhu Yaojie , Hanif Muhammad Bilal , Li Wenlu , Li Cheng-Xin , Wang Shimin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical conversion devices due to their high efficiency, wide fuel selection, and potential solutions for environmental problems associated with fuel scarcity and combustion. Over the past decade, extensive research has focused on improving the comprehensive performance of SOFCs in the intermediate temperature range to facilitate their commercialization. The nanoscale microstructure offers promising opportunities for the further development of SOFCs. Besides component optimization, one-dimensional fibrous structured electrodes exhibit outstanding performance, providing new ideas for developing electrode materials suitable for medium to low temperatures. In this review, different nanofibrous structures (simple nanofiber, simple hollow nanofiber, core-shell nanofiber, heterogeneous nanofiber, core-shell hollow nanofiber) are classified, and the effects of these structures on cathode are discussed in detail. Additionally, we present novel modification strategies for the unique fibrous cathode and electrolyte interface, which ensure the durability of the single cell. The current development of nanofibrous cathodes and the interfacial issues between the cathode and electrolyte are also discussed, highlighting the need for careful consideration when applying fibrous cathodes in the future.
ICU Patient-to-Pharmacist Ratios: A Prospective, Multicenter Time-Motion Study
Authors: Buckley Mitchell S. , Smith Susan E. , Birriel Barbara , Radosevich John J. , Dzierba Amy L. , Roberts Russel J. , Barletta Jeffrey F. , Gershengorn Hayley B. , Sikora Andrea , Peterson Lars-Kristofer , Bodkin Ryan , Kaufman David , Ardiles Thomas , Uppalapu Suresh , Tompeck Allison J. , Dabrowski Paul , Close Letitia , Brewer Heidi , Jontz Ashlee , Downs Brenda , Cox Lori A. , Alexander Sheila A. , Harrison Katherine , MacLaren Robert ,   on behalf of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Practice Advancement Committee
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To evaluate the relationship among ICU patient-to-pharmacist ratio, perceived quality of patient care, and pharmacist burnout.

Design:
A prospective, multicenter, time-motion study conducted over a 10-month period (from May 1, 2022, to February 28, 2023).

Setting:
Adult ICU, PICU, or neonatal ICU.

SUBJECTS:
ICU clinical pharmacists

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Overall, 128 ICU pharmacists completed 703 unique time-motion observation days and recorded their time associated with direct/indirect patient care activities, Maslach Burnout Inventor survey scores, and perceived quality of patient care provided (5-point Likert scale). Total pharmacist time on direct and indirect patient care activities were 5.9 ± 1.9 and 3.3 ± 1.7 hours per shift, respectively. The number of assigned patients in the ICU and overall (ICU and non-ICU) per shift was 19.3 ± 12.9 and 23.4 ± 17.9, respectively. The overall frequency of pharmacist burnout was 38.1%. Burnout was associated with incremental increases in the number of assigned total patients (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05) and overtime worked (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03–1.35). Higher compared with lower perceived quality of patient care was associated with significantly smaller assigned ICU patients (17.0 ± 7.4 vs. 30.6 ± 23.8, respectively; p < 0.001). Additional direct patient care time allocated per patient was predictive of a high quality of care perception (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03–2.05). Burnout was inversely associated with high quality of care (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36–0.96). The ICU patient-to-pharmacist ratio between 16:1 and 19:1 was associated with the highest perceived quality of patient care and comprehensive patient assessment completion rates.

Conclusions:
Critical care pharmacist practice models across healthcare institutions are inconsistent regarding patient assignments and time allocated toward direct and indirect patient care activities. The ICU patient-to-pharmacist ratio range between 16:1 and 19:1 may optimize quality of care and burnout risk at large academic institutions.
AHA “Life’s Essential 8” metrics and prognosis in patients with renal insufficiency: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007–2018
Authors: Chen Weihua , Xiao Guitao , Ding Shan , Shi Shanshan , Pan Yuxiong , Tu Jiabin , Zhang Yanbin , Liao Ying , Chen Liling , Chen Kaihong , Huang Rongchong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
The benefits of ideal cardiovascular-health metrics (ICVHMs) in patients with renal insufficiency remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate ICVHM associations with prognosis in a renal insufficiency population.

Methods:
The trial enrolled 29,682 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2018, with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2019. Participants were divided into three groups based on estimated glomerular filtration rates. Cardiovascular health was assessed using new “Life’s Essential 8” metrics. Cox regression analyses based on NHANES data were used to determine the associations between ICVHMs and cardiovascular mortality in patients with renal insufficiency.

Results:
During a mean follow-up of 6.58 years, ideal cardiovascular health (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.25–0.70) and ideal health behavior (HR = 0.53; 95% CI; 0.39–0.73) reduced cardiovascular mortality in participants with renal insufficiency. For each one ICVHM increment, a 25% reduction in cardiovascular mortality was recorded (95% CI; 0.69–0.82). When compared with participants with normal renal function, for those with mild renal insufficiency, the HR for cardiovascular mortality gradually decreased from 1.47 (95% CI; 0.85–2.52) in those who had ≤1 ICVHMs to 0.30 (95% CI; 0.12–0.77) in participants who had >6 ICVHMs.

Conclusions:
From an ICVHM perspective, enhanced cardiovascular benefits were observed in individuals with renal insufficiency, coupled with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Furthermore, when compared with individuals with normal renal function, increased ICVHMs can mitigate adverse risks associated with renal impairment.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Associated With Severe Sensory Neuronopathy: Case Series
Authors: Oliveira Santos Miguel , Pinto Susana , Silveira Fernando , Gromicho Marta , Alves Inês , Castro José , Castro Isabel , de Carvalho Mamede 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting primarily the motor system. However, an association with sensory neuronopathy has been scarcely described. We described 3 unrelated patients (2 males) with sporadic spinal-onset ALS and sensory neuronopathy. Mean onset age was 63.7 years and mean Revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale at diagnosis was 42. Sensory disturbances emerged before or overlap with motor symptoms in the same onset region and followed the same pattern of lower motor neuron involvement over disease progression. Two patients have also bilateral trigeminal sensory fibers affection. None had cognitive abnormalities. Genetic testing for the most common ALS-associated genes was unrevealing. Mean disease duration and ALS functional rating scale-revised at last visit was 47 months and 27, respectively. One patient is still alive, dependent on nocturnal noninvasive ventilation. Motor neuron disease is now considered a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder, and sensory neuronopathy, although very rare, should not be neglected as a possible part of the disease spectrum.
Minimizing Palato/velar Fistulas: A New Anatomic Perspective on Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Schmidt Gül , Hofmann Elena , Mrosk Friedrich , Franczyk Maria , Bestendonk Carolin , Koch Hubertus , Heiland Max , Matuschek Carsten 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Unilateral cleft lip and palates present unique anatomy at the palato-velar-vomerine junction. This region can be the widest and most challenging part of the cleft, where functional fistulas may occur. In 2017, an approach concentrating on the nasal part was implemented, which rendered the repair of this transition zone less challenging. This study detailed this surgical modification, which allows easy and effective palate repair and thereby reduces fistula rates.

Methods:
This study included 71 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palates who underwent 1-stage palatal repair using the same technique at the age of less than 1 year between 2017 and 2019 and were followed up until 2022. The surgical technique involved the incorporation of the unconnected vomer at the palato-velar-vomerine junction. Anatomical and speech assessments were performed during the annual follow-up period.

Results:
None of the patients developed fistulas. The rate of hypernasality was 11.9%.

Conclusions:
This study described a reliable technique to reduce fistula formation at the palato/velar junction during unilateral cleft lip and palate repair.
Information overload, financial constraints, and psychological burdens are among the barriers faced by marginalized groups seeking curative treatments for HCC
Authors: Nephew Lauren D. , Moore Courtney , Garcia Nicole , Parks Lisa , McKay Allison , Strauss Alexandra T. , Wiehe Sara , Chalasani Naga , Hughes-Wegner Alexandra T. , Rawl Susan M. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Patients with HCC face numerous barriers to curative therapies, particularly Black patients and those impacted by adverse social determinants of health (SDOH). This study aimed to identify patient-reported barriers and facilitators to curative therapies, to inform interventions that improve equitable access to care.

Methods:
We conducted 2 qualitative sessions with Black participants and participants experiencing adverse SDOH with HCC referred for liver transplant (LT) or resection. We also conducted one-on-one interviews with participants from sessions that underwent LT (n=2). Human-centered design methods, including journey mapping and group ideation, were used to identify challenges and solutions at various stages in the care pathway. Data were analyzed to identify key themes and to compare the experiences of Black patients with those experiencing adverse SDOH.

Results:
Both groups faced significant barriers, particularly related to information overload, communication gaps with health care providers, and the complexity of navigating the LT pathway. However, Black patients reported additional challenges related to the psychological burden of the diagnosis and distrust in the health care system, while those with adverse SDOH frequently cited financial instability, lack of social support, and challenges in coordinating care between multiple health systems. Despite these differences, common facilitators included compassionate health care teams and strong personal support networks. Both groups suggested solutions such as improvements in education timing and delivery, better communication pathways, and peer support groups to improve preparedness for treatment and recovery.

Conclusions:
While Black patients and those with adverse SDOH experience unique barriers, common threads—such as information gaps and desire for peer support suggest shared opportunities for interventions.
IL-8–NF-κB–ALDH1A1 loop promotes the progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Song Yinghui , Li Yufeng , Zhou Jia , Yu Jianfeng , Hu Qianwei , Yang Feicheng , Yin Zexi , Wang Yizhi , Wang Yueren , Zhang Xinling , Tao Yuewei , Peng Chuang , Liu Sulai 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a poor prognosis of malignant cancer with high lymph node metastasis and resistance to systemic therapies. Recent studies suggested that the involvement of IL-8 could promote ICC metastasis through epithelial–mesenchymal transition while the ICC-ALDH1A1high subtype is clarified by multi-omics study. The correlation between ALDH1A1 and IL-8 in ICC remains elusive. This study aims to further explore the roles and regulatory mechanisms of ALDH1A1 and IL-8 in ICC.

Methods:
We analyzed IL-8 and ALDH1A1 expression in ICC patients and cells. CXCR2 inhibitor (SB225002) was applied to inhibit the function of IL-8, and JSH-23 was applied to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway. We examined the effects of IL-8 inhibition on NF-κB, ALDH1A1 expression, and cell growth, migration, invasion, and stemness. Moreover, we examined the effects of ALDH1A1 on NF-κB, IL-8 expression, and cell growth, migration, invasion, and stemness. The effects of IL-8 and ALDH1A1 on tumor growth and NF-κB expression were validated using subcutaneous tumors in nude mice.

Results:
IL-8-derived tumor cells could promote ICC progression. The high expression of IL-8 in serum was associated with lymph node metastasis. IL-8 could upregulate ALDH1A1 expression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, promoting tumor progression. Upregulation of ALDH1A1 could activate NF-κB to promote IL-8 secretion, forming a positive feedback loop to promote tumor invasiveness and cell stemness in ICC.

Conclusions:
IL-8-derived tumor cells could upregulate ALDH1A1 expression by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, promoting tumor progression. Upregulation of ALDH1A1 could activate NF-κB to promote IL-8 secretion, forming a positive feedback loop to promote tumor invasiveness and cell stemness in ICC.