bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the stability of ceftazidime/avibactam in elastomeric infusion devices used for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy utilizing a national stability protocol framework
Authors: Naicker Saiyuri , Roberts Jason A , Won Hayoung , Wallis Steven C , Unwin Sean , Jamieson Conor , Hills Tim , Gilchrist Mark , Santillo Mark , Seaton R Andrew , Drummond Felicity , Sime Fekade B 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the stability of ceftazidime/avibactam in elastomeric infusers, utilizing the UK’s Yellow Cover Document (YCD) stability testing framework, in conditions representative of OPAT practice.

Methods
Ceftazidime/avibactam was reconstituted with sodium chloride 0.9% (w/v) in two elastomeric infusers at concentrations (dose) levels of 1500/375, 3000/750 and 6000 mg/1500 mg in 240 mL. The infusers were exposed to a fridge storage (2°C–8°C) for 14 days followed by 24 h in-use temperature (32°C).

Results
After 14 days of fridge storage and subsequent 24 h exposure to 32°C, mean ± SD of ceftazidime percent remaining was 75.5% ± 1.8%, 79.9% ± 1.1%, 82.4% ± 0.6%, for Easypump, and 81.7% ± 1.2%, 82.5% ± 0.5%, 85.4% ± 1.1% for Dosi-Fuser devices at the high, intermediate and low doses tested, respectively. For avibactam, mean ± SD percent remaining was 83.2% ± 1.8%, 87.4% ± 2.0%, 93.1% ± 0.9% for Easypump, and 85.1% ± 2.0%, 86.7% ± 0.1%, 92.5% ± 0.1% for Dosi-Fuser devices. The cumulative amount of pyridine generated in the devices ranged from 10.4 mg at low dose to 76.9 mg at high dose. Regression-based simulation showed that the degradation of both ceftazidime and avibactam was &lt;10% for at least 12 h of the running phase, if stored in a fridge for not more than 72 h prior to in-use temperature exposure.

Conclusions
Whilst not meeting the strict UK YCD criteria for ≤5% degradation, ceftazidime/avibactam may be acceptable to administer as a continuous 12 hourly infusion in those territories where degradation of ≤10% is deemed acceptable.
Coffee berry borer (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) population dynamics across Hawaii Island’s diverse coffee-growing landscape: optimizing location-specific pesticide applications
Authors: Johnson Melissa A , Manoukis Nicholas C 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A major challenge to area-wide management of coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) is understanding how a heterogeneous coffee-growing landscape affects coffee berry borer population dynamics across temporal and spatial scales. We examined coffee phenology, weather, coffee berry borer flight activity, infestation, coffee berry borer position within the fruit, and management across 14 commercial coffee farms from 2016 to 2018 on Hawaii Island to characterize variation among districts and elevations. Here we aim to determine whether the timing of pesticide applications might be optimized based on specific locations. We observed larger populations of coffee berry borer at low-elevation farms and in the Kona district compared to mid- and high-elevation farms and the Ka’u district. Temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall all differed significantly across districts and elevations. We also observed a trend of higher fruit production at low-elevation farms compared to high-elevation farms, and differences in the timing of fruit development. Infestation increased with higher pest pressure and air temperatures and reduced fruit availability early and late in the season. Lastly, the timing and number of management interventions varied among districts and elevations. Combining information on trap catch, infestation, coffee berry borer position, and plant phenology, we present an optimized pesticide spray schedule for each location and find that the number of sprays could be reduced by 33–75% in comparison to the existing integrated pest management recommendations while maintaining effective control. Implementing a coordinated area-wide approach refined by small-scale optimization will lead to improved management of coffee berry borer on individual farms and a reduction in pest pressure across the coffee-growing landscape.
MALrisk: a machine-learning–based tool to predict imported malaria in returned travellers with fever
Authors: Balerdi-Sarasola Leire , Fleitas Pedro , Bottieau Emmanuel , Genton Blaise , Petrone Paula , Muñoz Jose , Camprubí-Ferrer Daniel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Early diagnosis is key to reducing the morbi-mortality associated with P. falciparum malaria among international travellers. However, access to microbiological tests can be challenging for some healthcare settings. Artificial Intelligence could improve the management of febrile travellers.

Methods
Data from a multicentric prospective study of febrile travellers were obtained to build a machine-learning model to predict malaria cases among travellers presenting with fever. Demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory variables were leveraged as features. Eleven machine-learning classification models were evaluated by 50-fold cross-validation in a Training set. Then, the model with the best performance, defined by the Area Under the Curve (AUC), was chosen for parameter optimization and evaluation in the Test set. Finally, a reduced model was elaborated with those features that contributed most to the model.

Results
Out of 11 machine-learning models, XGBoost presented the best performance (mean AUC of 0.98 and a mean F1 score of 0.78). A reduced model (MALrisk) was developed using only six features: Africa as a travel destination, platelet count, rash, respiratory symptoms, hyperbilirubinemia and chemoprophylaxis intake. MALrisk predicted malaria cases with 100% (95%CI 96–100) sensitivity and 72% (95%CI 68–75) specificity.

Conclusions
The MALrisk can aid in the timely identification of malaria in non-endemic settings, allowing the initiation of empiric antimalarials and reinforcing the need for urgent transfer in healthcare facilities with no access to malaria diagnostic tests. This resource could be easily scalable to a digital application and could reduce the morbidity associated with late diagnosis.
The European energy crisis, the Dutch TTF, and the market correction mechanism: a financial markets perspective
Authors: Rogge Ebbe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In September 2022, the Title Transfer Facility (TTF) prices spiked at unprecedented levels. For various reasons, including the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Europe was facing an energy crisis: gas supply was significantly reduced while demand remained unchanged. Policymakers responded with a variety of measures, including regulatory interventions on the TTF market. While seeking to improve the situation in the ‘real world economy’, these measures have an important financial regulatory angle. This article investigates the potential impact of these interventions, in particular of the Market Correction Mechanism, on the wholesale gas market from a financial markets perspective. Considering, amongst others, observations from the EU Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators, the European Securities and Markets Authority, and the European Central Bank, it appears that these interventions may have unintended negative consequences in light of the functioning and attractiveness of the Capital Markets Union and achieving strategic autonomy.
Analyticity with extra-logical information
Authors: Piazza Mario , Tesi Matteo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a new approach to the issue of extra-logical information within analytic (i.e. obeying the sub-formula property) sequent systems is introduced. We prove that incorporating extra-logical axioms into a purely logical system can preserve analyticity, provided these axioms belong to a suitable class of formulas that can be decomposed into a set of equivalent initial sequents and are permutable over the cut rule. Our approach is applicable not only to first-order classical and intuitionistic logics, but also to substructural logics. Furthermore, we establish a limit for the augmented systems under analysis: exceeding the boundaries of their respective classes of extra-logical axioms leads to either a loss of analyticity or a loss of structural properties.
The relationship between simulated sub-millimeter and near-infrared images of Sagittarius A* from a magnetically arrested black hole accretion flow
Authors: Grigorian A A , Dexter J 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way, undergoes large-amplitude near-infrared (NIR) flares that can coincide with the continuous rotation of the NIR emission region. One promising explanation for this observed NIR behaviour is a magnetic flux eruption, which occurs in three-dimensional General Relativistic Magneto-Hydrodynamic (3D GRMHD) simulations of magnetically arrested accretion flows. After running two-temperature 3D GRMHD simulations, where the electron temperature is evolved self-consistently along with the gas temperature, it is possible to calculate ray-traced images of the synchotron emission from thermal electrons in the accretion flow. Changes in the gas-dominated (σ = b2/2ρ &lt; 1) regions of the accretion flow during a magnetic flux eruption reproduce the NIR flaring and NIR emission region rotation of Sgr A* with durations consistent with observation. In this paper, we demonstrate that these models also predict that large (1.5x – 2x) size increases of the sub-millimeter (sub-mm) and millimeter (mm) emission region follow most NIR flares by 20–50 min. These size increases occur across a wide parameter space of black hole spin (a = 0.3, 0.5, −0.5, and 0.9375) and initial tilt angle between the accretion flow and black hole spin axes θ0 (θ0 = 0°, 16°, and 30°). We also calculate the sub-mm polarization angle rotation and the shift of the sub-mm spectral index from zero to –0.8 during a prominent NIR flare in our high spin (a = 0.9375) simulation. We show that, during a magnetic flux eruption, a large (∼10rg), magnetically dominated (σ &gt; 1), low-density, and high-temperature ‘bubble’ forms in the accretion flow. The drop in density inside the bubble and additional electron heating in accretion flow between 15rg and 25rg leads to a sub-mm size increase in corresponding images.
Les données probantes et les recommandations sur le cannabis à des fins médicales chez les enfants
Authors: Kelly Lauren E , Rieder Michael J , Finkelstein Yaron 
Published: April 2024

Résumé
L’intérêt envers l’utilisation des produits du cannabis à des fins médicales chez les enfants de moins de 18 ans augmente. De nombreux produits du cannabis à des fins médicales contiennent du cannabidiol, du delta-9-tétrahydrocannabinol ou ces deux produits. Malgré les nombreuses prétentions thérapeutiques, peu d’études rigoureuses guident la posologie, l’innocuité et l’efficacité du cannabis à des fins médicales en pédiatrie clinique. Le présent document de principes passe en revue les données probantes à jour et expose les recommandations sur l’utilisation du cannabis à des fins médicales chez les enfants. Les rapports à plus long terme (deux ans) souscrivent à la tolérabilité et à l’efficacité soutenues d’un traitement au cannabidiol chez les patients ayant le syndrome de Lennox-Gastaut ou le syndrome de Dravet. Les extraits de cannabis enrichis de cannabidiol qui renferment de petites quantités de delta-9-tétrahydrocannabinol ont été évalués auprès d’un petit nombre de patients d’âge pédiatrique, et d’autres recherches devront être réalisées pour éclairer les guides de pratique clinique. Étant donné l’utilisation répandue du cannabis à des fins médicales au Canada, les pédiatres devraient être prêts à participer à des échanges ouverts et continus avec les familles au sujet de ses avantages potentiels et de ses risques, ainsi qu’à préparer des plans individuels en vue d’en surveiller l’efficacité, de réduire les méfaits et de limiter les interactions médicamenteuses.
La prise en charge de l’asthme léger et très léger chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire, les enfants et les adolescents
Authors: Yang Connie L , Zysman-Colman Zofia , Chétrit Estelle , Hicks Anne , Reisman Joseph , Glicksman Amy 
Published: April 2024

Résumé
Le présent point de pratique résume la mise à jour des lignes directrices de la Société canadienne de thoracologie publiée en 2021 sur le diagnostic et la prise en charge de l’asthme chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire, les enfants et les adultes. Ces nouvelles recommandations incluent, parmi les critères de contrôle de l’asthme, une diminution de la fréquence des symptômes diurnes et de l’utilisation de médicaments pour soulager l’asthme à un maximum de deux fois par semaine. Elles comprennent également l’évaluation du risque d’exacerbation de l’asthme, la non-utilisation de bêta-agonistes à courte durée d’action seuls au besoin chez les patients à plus fort risque d’exacerbation et la possibilité d’administrer du budésonide-formotérol au besoin aux jeunes de 12 ans ou plus qui sont incapables de prendre des corticostéroïdes inhalés au quotidien malgré une éducation sur l’asthme et un soutien importants. La préférence pour la prise quotidienne de corticostéroïdes inhalés afin de traiter l’asthme léger chez les enfants et la recommandation d’éviter les courts traitements intermittents de corticostéroïdes inhalés ne changent pas.
High-throughput quantification of quasistatic, dynamic and spall strength of materials across 10 orders of strain rates
Authors: Eswarappa Prameela Suhas , Walker Christopher C , DiMarco Christopher S , Mallick Debjoy D , Sun Xingsheng , Hernandez Stephanie , Sasaki Taisuke , Wilkerson Justin W , Ramesh K T , Pharr George M , Weihs Timothy P 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The response of metals and their microstructures under extreme dynamic conditions can be markedly different from that under quasistatic conditions. Traditionally, high strain rates and shock stresses are achieved using cumbersome and expensive methods such as the Kolsky bar or large spall experiments. These methods are low throughput and do not facilitate high-fidelity microstructure–property linkages. In this work, we combine two powerful small-scale testing methods, custom nanoindentation, and laser-driven microflyer (LDMF) shock, to measure the dynamic and spall strength of metals. The nanoindentation system is configured to test samples from quasistatic to dynamic strain-rate regimes. The LDMF shock system can test samples through impact loading, triggering spall failure. The model material used for testing is magnesium alloys, which are lightweight, possess high-specific strengths, and have historically been challenging to design and strengthen due to their mechanical anisotropy. We adopt two distinct microstructures, solutionized (no precipitates) and peak-aged (with precipitates) to demonstrate interesting upticks in strain-rate sensitivity and evolution of dynamic strength. At high shock-loading rates, we unravel an interesting paradigm where the spall strength vs. strain rate of these materials converges, but the failure mechanisms are markedly different. Peak aging, considered to be a standard method to strengthen metallic alloys, causes catastrophic failure, faring much worse than solutionized alloys. Our high-throughput testing framework not only quantifies strength but also teases out unexplored failure mechanisms at extreme strain rates, providing valuable insights for the rapid design and improvement of materials for extreme environments.
Evaluating the effects of co-response teams in reducing subsequent hospitalization: A place-based randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Sue-Ming , Lu Yi-Fang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Responding to incidents involving individuals with mental illness has been a challenge for police officers. While co-response teams have been embraced as an effective police response strategy, most prior evaluation studies on co-response teams focused on outcomes that are not directly related to individuals’ subsequent mental health state. Additionally, the lack of experimental research hinders our ability to draw causal conclusions on the effects of co-response teams. To address this knowledge gap, this study evaluated the effectiveness of co-response teams on hospitalization outcomes of individuals in crisis using a place-based randomized controlled trial in southwest Virginia. Street segments with high volumes of mental health calls for service were randomly assigned to either treatment hotspots (n = 113) or control hotspots (n = 115). The results suggest that the co-response teams had a significant effect on reducing subsequent hospitalizations, with an estimated effect size of −0.22. The findings, challenges, and recommendations for future co-response team implementations were discussed.
Out of Many, One? Exploring Ethnolinguistic Identity Appeals in the Brussels Capital Region
Authors: Blanckaert Benjamin , Caluwaerts Didier 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Consociationalism promises to resolve tensions among groups in deeply divided societies by constructing shared identity that transcends ethnic divisions. Yet there is no guarantee that this will happen, and empirical studies testing this claim yield inconsistent results. We examine the extent to which political parties appeal to shared identities within a consociation, focusing on the Brussels Capital Region (BCR) in Belgium. The BCR constitutes a regional consociation aimed at addressing divisions between Dutch and French speakers. Based on a quantitative analysis of party programs, and a qualitative analysis of thirty interviews with Brussels MPs, our findings indicate that parties do indeed appeal to a common sense of belonging, often on issues that have a low ethnolinguistic salience. When addressing contentious community matters, however, we observe that Dutch-speaking parties (especially ethnic outbidders) prioritize their own linguistic group identity more than Francophone parties.
Incidence and risk factors of mental illnesses among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: an 18-year population-based study
Authors: Chu Wei-Min , Chao Wen-Cheng , Chen Der-Yuan , Ho Wei-Li , Chen Hsin-Hua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors surrounding mental illnesses in patients diagnosed with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used nationwide, population-based claim data taken from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to identify patients certified as having a catastrophic illness for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM) or Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) from the years 2002–2020. We furthermore calculated the incidence of mental illness in patients diagnosed with SARDs while exploring factors associated with the development of mental illness using multivariable Cox regression analysis shown as adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Among the 28 588 participants, the average age was 47.4 (SD 14.9) years, with most participants being female (76.4%). When compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis, patients with SLE (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.32), SS (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.19–1.39), and DM (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.04–1.32) showed a significantly increased risk of developing mental illness. Additionally, when compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis, patients with SLE (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.21–1.44), SSc (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.02–1.41), SS (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.26), DM (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.44–2.07), and PM (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.32–2.03) showed a significantly increased risk of antidepressant use.

Conclusion
This population-based cohort study revealed that patients diagnosed with SLE, SS, and DM had significantly higher risks of developing mental illness when compared with patients with RA.
Proximal tubular MBD2 promotes autophagy to drive the progression of AKI caused by vancomycin via regulation of miR‐597‐5p/S1PR1 axis
Authors: Guo Yong , Wu Dengke , Li Xiaozhou , Wang Juan , Li Huiling , Li Yijian , Luo Dan , Yi Feng , Zhang Dongshan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOur recent investigation has indicated that the global deletion of MBD2 can mitigate the progression of AKI induced by VAN. Nevertheless, the role and regulatory mechanisms of proximal tubular MBD2 in this pathophysiological process have yet to be elucidated. Our preceding investigation revealed that autophagy played a crucial role in advancing AKI induced by VAN. Consequently, we postulated that MBD2 present in the proximal tubule could upregulate the autophagic process to expedite the onset of AKI. In the present study, we found for the first time that MBD2 mediated the autophagy production induced by VAN. Through the utilization of miRNA chip analysis, we have mechanistically demonstrated that MBD2 initiates the activation of miR‐597‐5p through promoter demethylation. This process leads to the suppression of S1PR1, which results in the induction of autophagy and apoptosis in renal tubular cells. Besides, PT‐MBD2‐KO reduced autophagy to attenuate VAN‐induced AKI via regulation of the miR‐597‐5p/S1PR1 axis, which was reversed by rapamycin. Finally, the overexpression of MBD2 aggravated the diminished VAN‐induced AKI in autophagy‐deficient mice (PT‐Atg7‐KO). These data demonstrate that proximal tubular MBD2 facilitated the process of autophagy via the miR‐597‐5p/S1PR1 axis and subsequently instigated VAN‐induced AKI through the induction of apoptosis. The potentiality of MBD2 being a target for AKI was established.
Dynamic Cortical Connectivity During Propofol Sedation in Glioma Patients
Authors: Yang Wanning , Jian Minyu , Wang Xinxin , Zhou Yang , Liang Yi , Chen Yiwei , Li Yang , Li Ke , Ma Bo , Liu Haiyang , Han Ruquan 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The behavioral manifestations and neurophysiological responses to sedation can assist in understanding brain function after neurological damage, and can be described by cortical functional connectivity. Glioma patients may experience neurological deficits that are not clinically detectable before sedation. We hypothesized that patients with gliomas exhibit distinct cortical connectivity patterns compared to non-neurosurgical patients during sedation.

Methods:
This is a secondary analysis of a previously published prospective observational study. Patients scheduled for resection of supratentorial glioma (n=21) or a non-neurosurgical procedure (n=21) under general anesthesia were included in this study. Frontal electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded at different sedation levels as assessed by the Observer Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) score. Kernel principal component analysis and k-means clustering were used to determine possible temporal dynamics from the weighted phase lag index characteristics.

Results:
Ten EEG connectivity states were identified by clustering (76% consistency), each with unique properties. At OAA/S 3, the median (Q1, Q3) occurrence rates of state 6 (glioma group, 0.110 [0.083, 0.155] vs. control group, 0.070 [0.030, 0.110]; P=0.008) and state 7 (glioma group, 0.105 [0.083, 0.148] vs. control group: 0.065 [0.038, 0.090]; P=0.001), which are dominated by beta connectivity, were significantly different between the 2 groups, reflecting differential conversion of the beta band between the left and right brain regions. In addition, the temporal dynamics of the brain’s functional connectivity was also reflected in the transition relationships between metastable states.

Conclusions:
There were differences in EEG functional connectivity, which is dynamic, between the glioma and nonglioma groups during sedation.