bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation and estimation of anionic surfactants by thin layer chromatography: i. Mixtures of sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecanesulfonate
Authors: Yonese Chizuo , Shishido Takeshi , Kaneko Takahide , Maruyama Kazushige 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe conditions for separation and quantitative determination of anionic surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecanesulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate by thin layer chromatography (TLC) were investigated. Analytical results for mixtures of 2 or 3 components under optimal TLC conditions were in satisfactory agreement with known values. The absolute errors and variation coefficients both were within ca. 4%.
Biliary Complications after Duct‐to‐duct Biliary Reconstruction in Living‐donor Liver Transplantation: Causes and Treatment
Authors: Tashiro Hirotaka , Itamoto Toshiyuki , Sasaki Tamito , Ohdan Hideki , Fudaba Yasuhiro , Amano Hironobu , Fukuda Saburo , Nakahara Hideki , Ishiyama Kohei , Ohshita Akihiko , Kohashi Toshihiko , Mitsuta Hiroshi , Chayama Kazuaki , Asahara Toshimasa 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundIn living‐donor liver transplantation (LDLT), biliary complications are recognized as a significant cause of post‐transplantation morbidity.MethodsEighty patients who underwent LDLT with duct‐to‐duct biliary reconstruction at Hiroshima University Hospital were enrolled in this study. The mean follow‐up was 24 months (range, 3–72 months). Eighteen patients underwent the basiliximab‐based immunosuppressive therapy, and 62 patients underwent non‐basiliximab‐based immunosuppressive therapy. The development of biliary complications after LDLT was retrospectively analyzed. Biliary complications were initially treated by endoscopic or radiological modalities.ResultsBiliary leakages and strictures occurred in 12 (15%) and 20 (25%) of the 80 patients, respectively. Stepwise multivariate analysis demonstrated bile leakage to be an independent risk factor for the development of biliary stricture (p = 0.001) and basiliximab‐based immunosuppressive therapy to be an independent protective factor for postoperative biliary leakage (p = 0.005). The 1‐week total doses of steroids were significantly lower in the basiliximab‐based immunosuppressive regimes (mean dose: 573mg) than in the non‐basiliximab‐based ones (mean dose: 1,121mg) (p = 0.01). All patients with biliary leakage were successfully treated with endoscopic or radiological modalities, except one patient who was treated by surgical treatment. Endoscopic or radiological modalities were successful as primary treatment modalities in 12 (60%) of 20 patients with biliary strictures. Lastly, six patients were treated surgically with long‐term success, except for one patient with chronic cholangitis who died after 16 months.ConclusionsSteroid‐sparing basiliximab‐based immunosuppressive therapy reduced the incidence of biliary leakage, and biliary leakage was the independent factor for biliary stricture. The non‐surgical and surgical treatments for biliary complications were satisfactory.
Eight microsatellite loci characterised in the European blackbird, Turdus merula
Authors: Segelbacher Gernot , Sacher Thomas , Schwarzenberger Anke , Woitsch Sonja , Bairlein Franz , Coppack Timothy 
Published: September 2007

Abstract
Although the European blackbird, Turdus merula, is one of the most abundant and conspicuous songbirds of the Western Palaearctic and, as such, has been subject of numerous behavioural and ecological studies, there is to date no specific, PCR-based marker system for this species, and information on the applicability of genetic markers from other species or genera is scant. Here, we report the successful amplification of eight microsatellite loci in the European blackbird. We compared levels of polymorphism between groups of individuals sampled during the breeding season at different geographic localities (Heligoland Island, North Sea and Radolfzell, south-western Germany). We found high levels of polymorphisms, which enabled us to ascertain population membership of individuals. The properties of the tested microsatellite markers make them suitable for population genetic studies as well as for kinship analyses.
Evidence for oxidative stress in tissues derived from succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase‐deficient mice
Authors: Latini A. , Scussiato K. , Leipnitz G. , Gibson K. M. , Wajner M. 
Published: September 2007

SummaryAnimal models of inborn errors of metabolism are useful for investigating the pathogenesis associated with the corresponding human disease. Since the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency (Aldh5a1; OMIM 271980) are still not established, in the present study we evaluated the tissue antioxidant defences and lipid peroxidation in various cerebral structures (cortex, cerebellum, thalamus and hippocampus) and in the liver of SSADH‐deficient mice. The parameters analysed were total radical‐trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) and glutathione (GSH) levels, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS). We first observed that the tissue nonenzymatic antioxidant defences were significantly reduced in the SSADH‐deficient animals, particularly in the liver (decreased TRAP and GSH) and in the cerebral cortex (decreased GSH), as compared to the wild‐type mice. Furthermore, SOD activity was significantly increased in the liver and cerebellum, whereas the activity of CAT was significantly higher in the thalamus. In contrast, GPx activity was significantly diminished in the hippocampus. Finally, we observed that lipid peroxidation (TBARS levels) was markedly increased in the liver and cerebral cortex, reflecting a high lipid oxidative damage in these tissues. Our data showing an imbalance between tissue antioxidant defences and oxidative attack strongly indicate that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of SSADH deficiency in mice, and likely the corresponding human disorder.
Seleno‐podophyllotoxin derivatives induce hepatoma SMMC‐7721 cell apoptosis through Bax pathway
Authors: Miao Ruidong , Han Yin , An Lizhe , Yang Jinbo , Wang Qin 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPodophyllotoxin is a well known anti‐tumor chemical, but because of its strong side effects much effort has been paid to reduce cytotoxicity by modifying its structure. Here, we evaluate the anti‐tumor activity of a new isolated derivative of podophyllotoxin, 4′‐demethyl‐4‐dehydroxy‐4‐seleno‐phenyl‐β‐peltatin‐epipodophyllotoxin (CPZ) and find that CPZ can suppress the proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC‐7721 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Phase‐contrast microscope observation and flow cytometric analysis through PI stains showed that the reagents have strong inhibition of SMMC‐7721 cell growth, as the cells were blocked in the G2/M period. Cell apoptosis induced by CPZ was further confirmed by staining with M30 Cytodeath antibody. Rh123 label testing revealed that the mitochondrial membrane potential had been decreased by CPZ treatment. Under the stress of CPZ, cytochrome c was secreted into the cytoplasm by mitochondria, and Bax in cytoplasm was translocated into the mitochondrial membrane. These results suggest that CPZ‐induced apoptosis may work through a Bax‐dependent pathway.
Detrended fluctuation analysis as a statistical method to study ion single channel signal
Authors: Lan Tong‐Han , Gao Zhi‐Yong , Abdalla Ahmed N. , Cheng Bo , Wang Shu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe scaling behaviors of ion single channel current signal time series could be analyzed by means of detrended fluctuation analysis. Nevertheless, the statistical analysis of an ionic current signal recorded from voltage dependence K+ single channel is presented. The detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) exponent α is significantly larger than 0.5, as (DFA) exponents were calculated for 4 different pipette potentials in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. α = 0.9475 ± 0.006 for V = − 30 mV; α = 0.958 ± 0.004 for V = − 40 mV; α = 0.966 ± 0.005 for V = −50 mV; α = 0.971 ± 0.03 for V = −60 mV. The scaling exponents for different pipette potentials reveal the existence of memory in ion channels, and at the same time, the memory in ion channel depends on the pipette potential. The result of Markovian model data showed that it had different DFA exponent α which indicates that long‐range correlation effect is present amongst the continued conducting states of the ion channel. Thus a scaling exponent description is found to characterize the fluctuation properties of the non‐linear behaviors of ion channel kinetics regardless of whether the channel is in open or closed state.
Effects of recombinant human PLD2 on proliferation and apoptosis of HL‐60 cells
Authors: Zhu Ling , Wang Ya‐Xiong , Yu Chuan‐Xing 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the role of recombinant human phospholipase D2 (rhPLD2) on proliferation and apoptosis in human leukemia HL‐60 cells which induced by camptothecin. Our research demonstrated that various concentrations of rhPLD2 inhibit the growth of HL‐60 cells in a dose‐dependent manner, and rhPLD2 plus camptothecin can produce a synergistic effect on growth inhibition of HL‐60 cells in vitro. So, we conclude that rhPLD2 alone cannot induce apoptosis in HL‐60 cells, but it can potentiate the apoptosis of HL‐60 cells induced by camptothecin. Similarly, we show that both rhPLD2 and standard PLD were able to enhance camptothecin‐induced apoptosis of HL‐60 cells.
Chest Symptoms Following Coronary Stenting in the First 10 Weeks of Recovery
Authors: Gallagher Robyn , Lynch Felicity , Paul Glenn , Petkovski Diana , Kandl Bronia , Lang Scott , Thomas Narrel , Fildes Jenny , James Barbara , Love Fiona 
Published: September 2007

Background: Most patients experience the benefits of PTCA and stent quickly, with reduction in symptoms and improvement in functional status, however many patients experience chest symptoms post-procedure. Objective: To describe the pattern and characteristics of post-stent chest symptoms in cardiac rehabilitation participants. Methods: A prospective descriptive study assessing the pattern and presence of chest symptoms in coronary artery stent recipients ( N = 129) four and ten weeks post-procedure. Patients were interviewed at cardiac rehabilitation or by the phone using a specifically developed questionnaire which incorporated the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Results: Most participants were male, aged on average 60.5 years and received two stents, most often drug eluting. Post-stent chest symptoms were common, experienced by two thirds of patients (68%) at some time during the 10 weeks post-discharge. Chest symptoms were recurrent, with 33% having symptoms on both occasions and occurred more often in younger patients ( p < .00). Patients described their symptoms as discomforting and used the descriptors dull, tight, sharp, pressing and flickering. Chest symptoms tended to be brief and/or intermittent (65%) lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes (63%). Most patients felt their symptoms were related to their stent (75%) and were unsure what to do. A small number (5%) interpreted their symptoms as ischaemic and presented to the hospital (4%). Conclusions: Post-stent chest symptoms are frequent and recurrent out to 10 weeks post-discharge. Although symptoms tended to be brief and intermittent, the location and quality of these symptoms may overlap with existing chest pain guidelines, making it difficult for patients to interpret. Cardiac rehabilitation staff are in an ideal position to support and inform stent recipients about appropriate responses to these symptoms.
Dystrophin‐deficiency increases the susceptibility to doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Deng Shiwei , Kulle Bettina , Hosseini Mehdi , Schlüter Gregor , Hasenfuss Gerd , Wojnowski Leszek , Schmidt Albrecht 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackground and aim:The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) and other anthracyclines is limited by a dosage‐dependent cardiotoxicity, which can lead to cardiomyopathy. The role of the individual genetic makeup in this disorder is poorly understood. Alterations in genes encoding cardiac cytoskeleton or sarcolemma proteins may increase the susceptibility to doxorubicin‐related cardiotoxicity.Methods:Female dystrophin‐deficient mice (MDX) and age‐matched wild‐type mice underwent chronic treatment with doxorubicin. Cardiac function and tissue damage were assessed by echocardiography and histopathology, respectively. Gene expression changes were investigated using microarrays.Results:DOX treatment resulted in mortality, cardiac insufficiency, and cardiac interstitial fibrosis. These alterations were more pronounced in DOX‐treated MDX mice than in DOX‐treated wild‐type mice. Changes in gene expression were more numerous in MDX mice, including genes involved in cell adhesion, oxidative stress, cytoskeleton organization, inflammatory and immune response and cell death.Conclusions:Dystrophin deficiency facilitates the development and progression of doxorubicin‐induced cardiac injury. The underlying mechanisms may involve changes in cell adhesion, in cytoskeleton, as well as in inflammatory and immune responses. Genetic variants of cytoskeletal proteins in humans may affect the individual susceptibility to doxorubicin. Cardiotoxic drugs may accelerate the manifestation of pre‐clinical cardiomyopathies caused by deficiencies in cytoskeletal or sarcolemma proteins.
Avoidance and cognitive fusion – Central components in pain related disability? Development and preliminary validation of the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS)
Authors: Wicksell Rikard K. , Renöfält Jonas , Olsson Gunnar L. , Bond Frank W. , Melin Lennart 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAcceptance of pain and other associated negative private experiences has received increasing attention in recent years. This approach is in stark contrast to the traditional approach of reducing or controlling symptoms of pain. The empirical support for treatments emphasizing exposure and acceptance, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, is growing. However, to date, few instruments exist to assess the core processes in these types of treatments. This study describes the development and preliminary validation of the Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale. Principal components analysis (PCA) suggests a 2‐factor solution with a total of 16 items measuring avoidance of pain and cognitive fusion with pain. Results also indicate adequate reliability and validity for the scale. Implications of these findings for clinical assessment, as well as for research on pain related disability, are discussed along with suggestions for further research in this area.
Long‐term histological outcome after post‐hypoxic treatment with 100% or 40% oxygen in a model of perinatal hypoxic–ischemic brain injury
Authors: Grafe Marjorie R. , Woodworth K. Nina , Noppens Kristin , Perez‐Polo J. Regino 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHypoxic newborns have traditionally been given supplemental oxygen, and until recently, guidelines for neonatal resuscitation recommended that 100% oxygen be used. Exposure to 100% oxygen after hypoxic injury, however, may exacerbate oxidative stress. The current study evaluated the effect of exposure to 100, 40 or 21% oxygen after neonatal hypoxic–ischemic injury on the severity of brain injury after long‐term survival. The severity of histological brain injury was not different in animals exposed to 100% oxygen versus room air. Male animals treated with 40% oxygen post‐hypoxia had the lowest mean total histology scores, but this was not statistically significant due to the large variation in injury within each treatment group.These results support the growing number of studies in human infants and experimental animals that show no benefit of 100% oxygen over room air for neonatal resuscitation. Our results suggest that post‐hypoxia treatment with 40% oxygen may be beneficial, particularly in males. Further studies of the effects of different concentrations of oxygen on brain injury are warranted and should have sufficient power to examine sex differences.
Taphonomy, palaeoecological implications, and colouration of Cambrian gogiid echinoderms from Guizhou Province, China
Authors: LIN JIH-PAI , AUSICH WILLIAM I. , ZHAO YUAN-LONG , PENG JIN 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBased on rich material (381 specimens examined) from two Cambrian echinoderm faunas, the early Cambrian Balang fauna and middle Cambrian Kaili fauna in Guizhou Province, South China, the taphonomy of gogiid echinoderms is described in detail, and the preservation of stereomic microstructure and organic remains of Cambrian gogiid echinoderms is reported here for the first time. Taphonomic considerations include entombment patterns, decay sequences, individual-specific diagenetic histories, unusual burial postures, selective disarticulation patterns, and post-mortem elongation. In particular, five categories of gogiid entombment patterns are proposed to describe the multi-directional orientations recorded at the burial time of articulated gogiids. Gogiid-bearing slabs of Guizhou material primarily (70%) display the type 2 entombment pattern (articulated gogiids preserved with fan-shaped brachioles); thus, most Guizhou gogiids were buried with brachioles preserved in feeding posture during obrution events. Balang gogiid faunas contain the oldest evidence of palaeoecological interactions among echinoderms and other indigenous taxa. In addition to pre-burial and post-burial decay, other potential causes for unusual disarticulation patterns exhibited by the gogiids from the lower Cambrian Balang Formation include pre-burial bio-disturbance and post-burial bioturbation based on ichnogenera, includingRusophycusandPlanolites.Chemical analyses reveal that carbon, calcium, manganese and iron are the major elements responsible for the variety of colours exhibited by Guizhou gogiids. Three-dimensional stereomic microstructure (mean stereom pore size = 8.4–8.7 μm; average trabecular thickness = 4.5–4.6μm) occurs on the external surfaces of thecal plates in two gogiid species. Stereom preservation in calcite suggests that the dissolution of calcareous echinoderm plates, yielding characteristic mouldic preservation, is sub-Recent (after lithificaiton and exposure of gogiid-bearing, marine sedimentary successions on or near the land surface).
Expression of cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in patients with primary laryngeal carcinoma: a tissue microarray study
Authors: Dong P , Li X , Yu Z , Lu G 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjective:To determine the correlation between expression of cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2, in patients with laryngeal carcinoma.Design:The study included 85 primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cases. Expression was assessed using Envision immunohistochemical stains for cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2.Subjects:A tissue microarray containing samples from the 85 primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cases was assembled. Immunohistochemical testing for cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 was performed. Using Pearson correlation, expression of these proteins was compared with the following clinicopathological variables: age, sex, clinical tumour–node–metastasis staging, and prognosis. Three-year survival curves, factored by cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression, were generated for overall survival, by Kaplan–Meier analysis.Results:The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 significantly differed between patients with different pathology, tumour–node–metastasis stage and prognosis. A marked difference in vascular endothelial growth factor expression was seen between two histological grade groups. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 protein statistically significantly differed between patients with different tumour–node–metastasis stages, lymph node metastases and three-year survival rates. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in laryngeal carcinoma tissue was found to be associated with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2.Conclusion:Cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 may act as clinical prognostic indicators of tumour growth and differentiation in laryngeal carcinoma.
Functional and morphological effects of fotemustine on the auditory system of the rat
Authors: Gocer C , Eryilmaz A , Kayikci M E Kulak , Korkmaz H , Surucu S , Akmansu S H 
Published: September 2007

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to elucidate the potential inner-ear effects of fotemustine, a chemotherapeutic agent which crosses the blood–brain barrier and is used in the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumours and metastatic melanoma.Methods:This study utilised distortion product otoacoustic emissions and transmission electron microscopy in order to conduct electrophysiological and morphological assessments, using a rat experimental model. Twelve ears of six male rats were examined two months following intraperitoneal slow infusion of fotemustine (100 mg/m2or 7.4 mg/kg). Pre- and post-treatment measurements were compared. Finally, electron microscopy was performed on three rat temporal bones.Results:After infusion of fotemustine, distortion product otoacoustic emissions revealed a significant reduction in signal-to-noise ratios only at 3600 Hz (from 11.95 ± 7.52 to −0.26 ± 9.45 dB) and at 3961 Hz (from 18.09 ± 7.49 to 6.74 ± 12.11 dB) (referenced to 2f1 − f2). Transmission electron microscopy of the temporal bone revealed ultrastructural changes in the outer hair cells, stria vascularis and cochlear ganglion at the cochlear basal turn. The ganglion cell perikarya were unaffected.Conclusions:Fotemustine was administered via intraperitoneal slow infusion in a rat experimental model. Twelve ears of six survivors, from 10 rats, were evaluated at the second month. Fotemustine was determined to have a potential for ototoxicity at 3600 and 3961 Hz. Three randomly chosen rats underwent electron microscopy for morphological analysis. Morphological effects in the cochlear basal turn were observed. Oedematous intracytoplasmic spaces and perivascular areas of the stria vascularis, as well as distorted chromatin content, were detected, thereby suggesting potential ototoxic effects for this agent. Further experimental and clinical studies are required in order to determine whether the effect seen in this pilot study is reversible, and to analyse effects in humans.