bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERGONOMICS IN THE EVOLUTION OF CHROMATIC MUSICAL KEYBOARDS
Authors: Кравцов Н.А. , Мараев В.Н. 
Published: April 2024

В статье показан процесс эволюции типов хроматических клавиатур клавишных инструментов. Выявлены эргономические корни модификаций механических устройств, появлявшиеся по запросам музыкальной культуры в различныхэпохах. Обосновано появление новых типов систем и их разновидностей во взаимосвязи с акустической парадигмой проскакивающего металлического «язычка» – голосовой планки аккордеонов. Определены и изучены варьируемые системные элементы, влияющие на алгоритмы информационных каналов клавиатурных устройств. Показана эффективность оценки функционирования клавиатур в поле эргономической системы «человек-машина», благодаря чему впервые обозначены пути улучшения артикуляционных свойств клавиатур аккордеонов.
The article shows the evolution process of the types of chromatic keyboard instruments. The ergonomic roots of modifications of mechanical devices, which appeared at the request of musical culture in different eras, are revealed. The emergence of new types of systems and their varieties is substantiated in connection with the acoustic paradigm of the slipping metal tongue (the vocal bar of an accordion). Variable system elements influencing the algorithms of information channels of keyboard devices are identified and studied. The effectiveness of performance evaluation of keyboards in the field of the man-machine ergonomic system is shown, due to which, for the first time, ways of improvement in the articulatory properties of accordion keyboards are outlined.
THE “UNFINISHED” SONATA FOR VIOLA AND PIANO BY M. I. GLINKA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIOLA ART
Authors: Дорофеев Д.Н. 
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается «Неоконченная» соната для альта и фортепиано d-moll М. И. Глинки в контексте истории альтового исполнительства в русской и зарубежной музыкальной культуре XVIII–XIX веков. Автор уделяет внимание творчеству К. Стамица, И. Е. Хандошкина и М. И. Глинки – композиторов, расширивших функциональную область применения альта, представив его в качестве солирующего концертного инструмента.
The article considers the “Unfinished” Sonata for Viola and Piano by M. I. Glinka in D minor in the context of the history of viola performance in Russian and foreign musical culture of the 18th – 19th centuries. The author pays attention to the works of C. Stamitz, I. E. Khandoshkin and M. I. Glinka – the very composers who expanded the functional scope of use of the viola as a solo concert instrument.
THE IMAGE OF KANTELE IN THE MUSIC OF FINNISH COMPOSERS OF THE LAST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Анхимова Е.А. 
Published: April 2024

В статье анализируются произведения для кантеле конструкции П. Салминена, созданные в Финляндии в промежутке с 1980-х по 2000-е годы тремя композиторами – П. Х. Нурдгреном, П. Ялканеном, М. Покела. Каждый из них, имея собственные причины для обращения к инструменту, стремился по-своему раскрыть его потенциал. При этом в рассмотренных подходах обнаружилось немало общего. Все авторы, прежде всего, работали с конструктивными ресурсами инструмента – механизмом переключения тонов, которым оснащено финское концертное кантеле. Он дал возможность использовать разные варианты настройки, не ориентированные на мажор или минор, а также открыл выход к использованию микрохроматики. Кроме того, композиторами оказались опробованы различные новые приёмы игры, благодаря которым достигаются разные сонорные эффекты. В совокупности с несвойственными для кантеле способами звукоизвлечения это позволяет говорить о современном кантеле, как о «новом» инструменте с расширенной техникой исполнительства.
The article analyzes the music pieces for the kantele invented by Paul Salminen that were composed in Finland during the period from the 1980s to the 2000s by three composers – Pehr Henrik Nurdgren, Pekka Jalkanen, and Martti Pokela. Each of them, having reasons of their own for drawing their focus towards the instrument, wished for unleashing its potential in their own way. At the same time, the considered approaches revealed a lot in common. All authors, first of all, worked with the constructive resources of the instrument – the tone switching mechanism, which the Finnish concert kantele is equipped with. The mechanism made it possible to use different tuning options, not directed towards major or minor, and also opened the way to the use of microtonality. In addition, the composers tried various new playing techniques, which resulted in diverse sonorous effects. Together with the methods of sound production, unusual for the kantele, this allows us to speak of the modern kantele as of a “new” instrument with an extended performance technique.
A TAKE AT THE TIMBRE OF THE THEREMIN IN THE CYCLE SIX TRANSLATIONS FROM WILLY MELNIKOV BY ALEXANDER REICHELSON
Authors: Копосова И.В. , Колданова Д.С. 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу цикла Александра Райхельсона «Шесть переводов из Вилли Мельникова», написанного в технике криптофонии. На основании существующих источников в статье обобщены особенности данной техники, названы причины тяготения к ней А. Райхельсона, охарактеризована манера В. Мельникова, наконец, перечислены особенности реализации криптофонического письма в «Шести переводах». При анализе цикла также выявлены особенности трактовки тембра терменвокса и его участие в создании образного ряда сочинения. Криптофонические переводы интерпретируются как особая форма вокальной музыки, в которой текст не слышен, но заложенные в нём мотивы оказываются понятны благодаря избранным приёмам игры (в частности, разного рода глиссандированию), регистровым и иным особенностям партии терменвокса.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the cycle Six Translations from Willy Melnikov by Alexander Reichelson written in the technique of cryptophony. The article summarizes the features of this technique on the basis of the available sources and identifies the reasons why A. Reichelson gravitated toward it; it defines the manner of W. Melnikov and specifies the implementation features of cryptography in the Six Translations. During the analysis, the features of the theremin timbre and its participation in the development of the composition imagery are identified. Cryptophonic translations are construed as a distinctive variety of vocal music in which the text is not heard, however, the motives incorporated in it make sense due to the selected playing techniques (namely, various types of sliding), register and other features of the theremin part.
CHOREOGRAPHIC POEM BY K. S. URALSKY TO THE MUSIC OF S. V. RACHMANINOFF’S SECOND PIANO CONCERTO
Authors: Любимов Д.В. 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме пластической интерпретации Второго фортепианного концерта С. В. Рахманинова российским хореографом К. С. Уральским.
The article is devoted to the problem of plastic interpretation of S. V. Rachmaninoff’s Second Piano Concerto by the Russian choreographer K. S. Uralsky.
Intra-Familial Cases of Hepatitis B Virus and Their Associated Risk Factors of Transmission in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Mehmood Muhammad Samdani , Ahmad Uzair , Ahmad Mushtaq , Hussain Izaz , Owais Muhammad , Iqbal Waseem 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Hepatitis - B Virus is a prevalent viral hepatitis, with high morbidity, and mortality worldwide. It affects 2 billion people, especially those with limited healthcare access and low socioeconomic status. It causes liver problems which may be acute or chronic. HBV is transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy (vertical transmission) and also transmitted from infected individuals to others (horizontal transmission). In our society, the family living system is a joint system, many people live in a single house which results in the sharing of different personal items. So, there are high chances of intra-familial cases of HBV. This study aimed to find out the intra-familial cases of HBV infections and their associated risk factors of transmission within a family in District Mardan.
Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Mardan Medical Complex, District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. After ethical approval and informed consent from participants a total of 36 positive families of HBV were taken by using a non-probability convenience sampling method. Data was collected from positive individuals with the help of a pre-designed questionnaire. That data was analyzed through SPSS version 22.
Results: Out of 36 families, 50% had no HBV-positive members, while 50% had positive individuals. There were 18 households (50%) with only one member positive for HBV, 12 families (33.3%) with two members, 4 families (11.1%) with three individuals, and 2 families (5.6%) with four members. There were three major risk factors present, which resulted in intra-family HBV transmission. There were 7 (19.4%) families where Vertical transmission was the main risk factor. 7 were (19.4%) due to the use of personal hygiene goods, whereas 4 families (11.1%) were due to unsafe sexual intercourse among couples (husband/wife).
Conclusion: There was an equal chance of the hepatitis B virus to affect only one member of a family or have transmission to other members within a family. Multiple risk factors are involved in the transmission of HBV in a family but most of the cases were due to vertical transmission, use of personal hygienic items, and unsafe sexual intercourse between (couples)wife and husband in district Mardan, Pakistan.
Key words: Hepatitis-B virus, Intra-familial, vertical transmission, Mardan, Risk factor
Profiles of Hematological Parameters in <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> Malaria Patients attending Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar
Authors: Hassan Said , Nawaz Saad , Ahmad Bilal , Haroon Muhammad , Ullah Muhammad Tahir 
Published: April 2024

Background: Plasmodium is a type of parasite that causes malaria. Fiveknown species of Plasmodium can cause malaria in humans, Plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium knowlesi. This study was designed to assess the effect of plasmodium vivax infection on malaria-associated hematological parameters.
Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. The duration of the study was four (04) months from June to September 2023. A total of 384 samples possessed positive malarial parasite on peripheral smear both genders having different ages groups were included in the study. Variables such as age frequencies and percentage were reported for gender, hemoglobin, platelets, and white blood cells (WBC). This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Ahmad Medical Institute, Peshawar. All collected data were analyzed through SPSS-22.
Result: The study findings revealed that 196(51.0%) patients were males and 186(49%) were females. Out of 384 patients, 178 (46.4%) were between 10-30 years, 164(42.7%) were between 31-50 years, and 42(10.9%) were between 51-70 years age. Furthermore, out of 384, 11(2.9%) were normal, 69(18.0%) were anemic, 154(40.1%) were thrombocytopenia, 28(7.3%) were leukocytosis. Overall, distribution of thrombocytopenia, 120(31.3%) were no thrombocytopenia, 113 (29.4%) were mild thrombocytopenia, 104 (27.1%) were moderate thrombocytopenia, 47(12.4) were severe thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: Gaining further knowledge about these hematological indicators would enable their application in monitoring treatment response and early detection of malaria complications. The two most frequent hematological abnormalities results associated with malaria infection were thrombocytopenia and anemia.
Clinical Study on Acupoint Application of Jianpi Powder Combined with Chinese Medicine Decoction in Chronic Atrophic Gastritis
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Huang Chenfei 
Published: April 2024

Background To investigate the clinical effects of acupoint application with Jianpi Powder combined with Chinese herbal decoction in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).Methods: 140 patients with CAG of spleen deficiency and phlegm stasis type from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected and divided into control and observation groups, with 70 cases in each group. The patients in control group was given Chinese medicine decoction, and those in the observation group was given acupoint application of Jianpi Powder combined with Chinese medicine decoction. The clinical efficacy, the levels of gastrograph index and inflammatory factors, life quality and the occurrence of adverse effects were compared.Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was obviously higher than that of the control group. The amplitudes of the pre-prandial and postprandial electrogastrograms were obviously higher, and those in the observation group were obviously higher compared with the control group. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-11 (IL-11), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were decreased than those before treatment, and those in the observation group was lower. The scores of physical function, health status, social function, and mental health were obviously higher than those before treatment, with the significantly increase in patients of the observation group . There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects.Conclusion: Acupoint application of Jianpi Powder with traditional Chinese medicine decoction has a significant effect on patients with CAG, with clinical symptoms improvement, inflammation reduction, and the recovery of gastric motility promotion.
The pragmalinguistic aspect of the choice of speech units in the author's strategies of literary monuments of the XV – XVI centuries.
Authors: Gaibaryan Ol'ga Ervandovna , Myasishchev Georgii Igorevich , Kosyh Aleksei Olegovich , Popov Aleksandr Maksimovich 
Published: April 2024

The subject of the study is the texts of literary monuments of the XV – XVI centuries. The object of the research is the author's strategies, which are studied from the perspective of two modern areas of science: cognitive and pragmatic linguistics.The audience's reaction to the author's conviction is determined by the communicative factors of the impact of speech on the reader's consciousness and is determined by the vital connection of language and thinking. Therefore, the issues of speech impact (a pragmatic problem) and cognition in natural language (a problem of cognitive linguistics) should be considered in synthesis. This approach, according to the authors, makes it possible to study the subject side of the study most fully and achieve the goals set.The purpose of the study is to consider the possibility of classifying the speech units of texts of literary monuments of the XV – XVI centuries from the standpoint of the synthesis of cognitive and functional-pragmatic ways of studying the text.The tasks are to substantiate the possibility of synthesizing linguistic-cognitive and functional-pragmatic methods of studying author's strategies, as well as the classification of speech units of the text of monuments of the XIV – XVI centuries according to the author's strategies. The research methods are conceptual analysis and functional diagnostic method of pragmalinguistics. The ability to categorize concepts allows you to cluster them based on certain similarities and present them as units (clusters) based on the main feature. The functional nature of the choice of units acting as influencing tools that form the reader's attitude to the text, the author, the ideas of a particular author or a group as a whole. The novelty of this work lies in the possibility of combining the approaches of cognitive linguistics and functional pragmalinguistics to the study of author's strategies, which has not been widely practiced by researchers before. The achieved results allow us to conclude that this synthetic approach can be applied to research in the field of textual psychology, author's strategies, the author's speech image, and speech portraiture. The strategies identified in the texts act as clusters of concepts, which in turn constitute the main functional and pragmalinguistic tools that implement the author's intentions and ensure the perlocative effect of the text. The cognitive-pragmatic component of the author's impact strategies is structured mainly around the ideological and religious struggle. In second place are public– and private-business relations, which often mix into a single conceptual and pragmatic space.
Titles of Russian memoirs of the XVIII - early XIX century as a meta-textual element of the narrative
Authors: Farafonova Oksana Anatol'evna 
Published: April 2024

The subject of the research presented in the article is the metatextual function of the titles of Russian memoirs of the XVIII – early XIX centuries. The object of the study is all known and published texts of Russian memoirs of the specified historical period. The author analyzes in detail in this aspect the memoirs of V. V. Golovin, I. O. Ostrozhsky-Lokhvitsky, I. G. Andreev, Y. P. Shakhovsky, I. I. Neplyuev, I. V. Lopukhin, M. V. Danilov, T. P. Kalashnikov, G. I. Dobrynin, P. S. Baturin, etc. authors. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the memoir title as a result of the author's reflection and the author's mark addressed to the reader, reflecting the tendency to individualize the narrative about oneself and the desire of the memoirist authors for a holistic understanding and literary formalization of the text of memoirs. The research methodology is based on the principles of comparative studies and comparative historical analysis. The corpus of the memoirs under study is placed in the general cultural context of the epoch, which allows us to talk about the principles of formation and development of Russian memoiristics in the XVIII century. The memoir titles reflect which aesthetic and value paradigm the memoirist was oriented towards when writing about his past. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time the memoir title is considered as the main element of the meta–text ensemble "title – preface – epigraph - afterword". The genre nomination necessarily present in the memoir title (notes, chronicle, novel, life, life) is understood as a sign of the memoirist's cultural and literary self-identification aimed at a potential reader. The article identifies the following trends: orientation towards the ancient Russian cultural and genre tradition, the influence of the educational and classicist paradigm and attitudes dictated by the influence of sentimentalism and the genre of the novel. A systematic analysis of more than fifty works of Russian memoiristics allows us to conclude that the defining role of the genre nomination in the composition of the memoir title is for the author to choose a narrative model, an angle of the image of events and characters, leitmotifs and principles of plot organization. Compilation and analysis of the repertoire of titles of memoir works of the XVIII – early XIX centuries allow us to conclude about the principles of formation and development of Russian memoiristics as a whole.
Identification, Cause and Surgical Management of Traumatic Fibroma in the Jugal Mucosa: A Case Report
Authors: Bernardo João Paulo Assem , Júnior Jefferson Pires da Silva , Martins Jorge Henrique de Sousa , Almeida Pedro Paulo Lopes de , Souza Ana Paula Ferreira de , Silva Flávio Lima do Amaral , Câmara Jeconias , Belém Leandro Coelho 
Published: April 2024

Aims: the objective of the present study is to report a clinical case aimed at the diagnosis and treatment of a traumatic fibroma located in the region of the unilateral buccal mucosa based on clinical and histopathological examination.
Case Report: A 43-year-old male patient, melanoderma, attended the Nilton Lins University dental clinic reporting the existence of a large nodule in the cheek region. Based on the clinical appearance of the lesion, the diagnostic hypothesis of traumatic fibroma was established; therefore, the surgical excision of the lesion was determined for subsequent referral to confirm the hypothesis. The removed content was transferred to a container containing a 10% formaldehyde solution and sent to the Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine of the Federal University of Amazonas for histopathological analysis, which disclosed benign epithelial thickening with parakeratosis and underlying connective tissue hyperplasia. Given the characteristics presented in the analyzed histological picture, the definitive diagnosis was reactive fibroepithelial hyperplasia.
Conclusion: Establishing a preliminary diagnosis of the lesion was essential for planning the surgical procedure. The use of the conventional technique for the removal of the reactive fibroepithelial hyperplasia obtained satisfactory results, both for the postoperative recovery and for the infeasibility of recurrence, thus providing satisfactory comfort to the patient.
Analysing the Impact of Major Financial Crisis on Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Prices: An Empirical Study of Stock Market of United Kingdom
Authors: Khatri Dhanesh Kumar 
Published: April 2024

The research paper empirically tests the impact of major financial crisis of 2008 by testing the causality between five macroeconomic variables (interest rate, inflation, money supply, GDP and exchange rate), the FTSE All-Share index and its sectoral indices. Furthermore, it analyses whether the global financial crisis of 2008 affected the direction of the causality or not. For this purpose the causality tests were performed in two sections one on the data for the pre financial crisis period from 1999 to 2007 and another on the data for post financial crisis period from 2008 to 2022. The causality was tested using the quantile Granger causality test, the research findings reveal the complex causality between the UK stock market and the most prevalent macroeconomic factors. The findings of the research are suggestive that the causality between macroeconomic factors changed from pre-crisis period to post-crisis period. This is indicative of the event sensitivity of the stock market of UK. It was found that the direction of this causality varies according to the circumstances of the economy and across different sectors involved, and particular economic conditions at various times. The findings of this research provide important insights for policymakers, investors, and economic analysts, as they shed light on the dynamic and complex relationship between the indicators, both on an aggregate and sectoral level. The research findings also emphasise the importance of considering the variables' distribution when analysing the issue of causality.