bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural architecture of the brachiolaria larva of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera
Authors: Murabe Naoyuki , Hatoyama Hideo , Hase Sumitaka , Komatsu Miéko , Burke Robert D. , Kaneko Hiroyuki , Nakajima Yoko 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe nervous system of the brachiolaria larva of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera, was characterized using immunohistochemistry with the neuron‐specific monoclonal antibodies 1E11 and 1F9 and an anti‐serotonin antibody. The antigen recognized by 1F9 was determined by immunoprecipitation, peptide identification by mass spectrometry, and cDNA cloning as a novel START (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein [StAR]‐related lipid transfer) domain‐containing protein. Nerve cells are prominent in the brachiolar arms, ciliary bands, and adult rudiment. The brachiolar arms contain sensory‐like nerve cells in the adhesive papillae, flask‐shaped nerve cells in the adhesive disk, and bundles of fibers with branches interconnecting them. In the ciliary bands, nerve cells are interconnected with axon bundles along the ciliary bands and some neurons send fibers toward the oral and aboral epidermis. These neural components of the ciliary bands are regionally modified to form masses such as lateral and oral ganglia. The future aboral epidermis of the adult rudiment forms a nerve plexus with cell bodies enriched over spicules. Serotonergic nerve cell bodies are found throughout the nervous system except in the adhesive disk, the bipinnaria arms, and the adult rudiment. In addition, there are neural components in the esophagus and in the coelom where nerve fibers or bundles have distinct orientations with respect to the muscle fibers. The neuroanatomy of the brachiolaria suggests how it may function in controlling larval physiology and identifies intriguing problems on the origin of larval and adult nerves. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:271–282, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytometry of raft and caveola membrane microdomains: From flow and imaging techniques to high throughput screening assays
Authors: Kiss Endre , Nagy Péter , Balogh Andrea , Szöllősi János , Matkó János 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe evolutionarily developed microdomain structure of biological membranes has gained more and more attention in the past decade. The caveolin‐free “membrane rafts,” the caveolin‐expressing rafts (caveolae), as well as other membrane microdomains seem to play an essential role in controlling and coordinating cell‐surface molecular recognition, internalization/endocytosis of the bound molecules or pathogenic organisms and in regulation of transmembrane signal transduction processes. Therefore, in many research fields (e.g. neurobiology and immunology), there is an ongoing need to understand the nature of these microdomains and to quantitatively characterize their lipid and protein composition under various physiological and pathological conditions. Flow and image cytometry offer many sophisticated and routine tools to study these questions. In this review, we give an overview of the past efforts to detect and characterize these membrane microdomains by the use of classical cytometric technologies, and finally we will discuss the results and perspectives of a new line of raft cytometry, the “high throughput screening assays of membrane microdomains,” based on “lipidomic” and “proteomic” approaches. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Timing and prediction of relapse in a transdiagnostic eating disorder sample
Authors: McFarlane Traci , Olmsted Marion P. , Trottier Kathryn 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjective:To identify factors that predict relapse in eating disorders to direct the development of effective relapse prevention interventions.Method:Fifty‐eight participants who had partially remitted from their eating disorder after intensive treatment were prospectively followed for up to 24 months. A transdiagnostic sample was included based on current recommendations.Results:The 12‐month survival rate was 0.59, indicating that 41% of the sample had relapsed at this time, and four factors emerged as significant predictors of relapse. These factors included more severe pretreatment caloric restriction, higher residual symptoms at discharge, slower response to treatment, and higher weight‐related self‐evaluation.Conclusion:Clinical recommendations based on these data include encouraging clients to adopt the recommended behavioral changes immediately at the beginning of treatment, and to make complete symptom control a priority. In addition, addressing weight‐related self‐evaluation and teaching clients to detach from this schema that connects weight/shape with self‐esteem may be an effective and feasible step toward relapse prevention. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Periodic local MP2 method for the study of electronic correlation in crystals: Theory and preliminary applications
Authors: Pisani Cesare , Maschio Lorenzo , Casassa Silvia , Halo Migen , Schütz Martin , Usvyat Denis 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA computational technique for solving the MP2 equations for periodic systems using a local‐correlation approach and implemented in the CRYSCOR code is presented. The Hartree‐Fock solution provided by the CRYSTAL program is used as a reference. The motivations for the implementation of the new code are discussed, and the techniques adopted are briefly recalled. With respect to the original formulation (Pisani et al., J Chem Phys 2005, 122, 094113), many new features have been introduced in CRYSCOR to improve its efficiency and robustness. In particular, an adaptation of the density fitting scheme to translationally periodic systems is described, based on Fourier transformation techniques. Three examples of application are provided, concerning the CO2 crystal, proton transfer in ice XI, and the adsorption of methane on MgO (001). The results obtained with the periodic LMP2 method for these systems appear more reliable than the ones obtained using density functional theory. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Roles of cations, electronegativity difference, and anionic interlayer interactions in the metallic versus nonmetallic character of Zintl phases related to arsenic
Authors: Alemany Pere , Llunell Miquel , Canadell Enric 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA first‐principles Density Functional Theory study of several layered solids structurally related to rhombohedral arsenic has been carried out. The electronic structures of rhombohedral arsenic, CaSi2, CaAl2Si2, KSnSb, and SrSn2As2 are discussed in detail, emphasizing on the origins of their metallic or nonmetallic behaviours. It is found that all of these systems are metallic except KSnSb. Electronegativity differences between the elements in the anionic sublattice and/or direct interlayer interactions play the main role in controlling the conductivity behavior. CaSi2 exhibits a peculiar feature since the cation directly influences the conductivity but is not essential for its appearance. Cation‐anion interactions are shown to have an important covalent contribution, but despite this fact and the metallic character found for most of these phases, the Zintl approach still provides a valid approximation to their electronic structure. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2008
Photoionization cross sections of H and H2 with complex Gaussian‐type basis functions optimized for the frequency‐dependent polarizabilities
Authors: Morita Masato , Yabushita Satoshi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractWithin the framework of the complex basis function method, the photoionization cross sections of H and H2 were calculated based on the variational principle for the frequency‐dependent polarizabilities. In these calculations, complex orbital exponents of Gaussian‐type basis functions for the final state continuum wavefunctions were fully optimized for each photon energy with the numerical Newton‐Raphson method. In most cases, the use of only one or two complex Gaussian‐type basis functions was enough to obtain excellent agreement with previous high precision calculations and available experimental results. However, there were a few cases, in which the use of complex basis functions having various angular momentum quantum numbers was crucial to obtain the accurate results. The behavior of the complex orbital exponents as a function of photon energy was discussed in relation to the scaling relation and the effective charge for photoelectron. The success of this method implies the effectiveness of the optimization of orbital exponents to reduce the number of basis functions and shows the possibility to calculate photoionization cross sections of general molecules using only Gaussian‐type basis functions. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Re‐examination of structure optimization of off‐lattice protein AB models by conformational space annealing
Authors: Lee Jinwoo , Joo Keehyoung , Kim Seung‐Yeon , Lee Jooyoung 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe global structural optimization is carried out for off‐lattice protein AB models in two and three dimensions by conformational space annealing. The models consist of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in Fibonacci sequences. To accelerate the convergence, we have introduced a shift operator in the internal coordinate system, and effectively reduced the search space by forming a quotient space. With this, we significantly improve our previous results on AB models, and provide new low energy conformations. This work provides insights on exploring complicated energy landscapes by exploiting the advantages and limitations of CSA. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Spin‐orbit Ab initio investigation of the photodissociation of dibromomethane in the gas and solution phases
Authors: Liu Yajun , Xiao Hongyan , Sun Mengtao , Fang Weihai 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA clear and reliable theoretical investigation on dibromomethane (CH2Br2) photodissociation is desired. The calculation must consider: (i) relativistic effects; (ii) the potential energy curves (PECs) of spin‐orbit coupling states; (iii) geometry optimization by the method with both static and dynamic electron correlations; (iv) solvent effects on the photodissociation in the solution. All these have been considered in this study by state‐of‐the‐art quantum chemical calculations. The experimentally observed photodissociation in the gas phase with products of spin‐orbit‐coupled states, Br(2P3/2) and Br*(2P1/2), was assigned by multi‐state second order multiconfigurational perturbation theory in conjunction with spin‐orbit interaction through complete active space state interaction (MS‐CASPT2/CASSI‐SO) PECs. The mechanisms of the experimentally observed photodissociation and photoisomerization in solvent were elucidated by the MS‐CASPT2/CASSI‐SO method combined with polarized continuum model of the solvent. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Emotion recognition, emotional awareness and cognitive bias in individuals with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Legenbauer Tanja , Vocks Silja , Rüddel Heinz 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDifficulties recognizing emotion have been reported for eating disordered individuals in relation to perception of emotions in others and emotional self‐awareness. It remains unclear whether this is a perceptual or cognitive‐affective problem. Clarification is sought and the question of a cognitive bias is addressed when interpreting facially expressed emotions. Twenty participants with bulimia nervosa (BN) and 20 normal controls (NC) were assessed for ability to recognize emotional and neutral expressions. Emotional self‐awareness was also assessed. Significant differences were found for emotional self‐awareness. For emotional faces, only a poorer recognition of the emotion, surprise, for BN was found. Problems with emotional self‐awareness suggest a cognitive‐affective disturbance in emotion recognition. Implications for therapy are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64:687–702, 2008.
Sequential batch reactor for eucalypt kraft pulp effluent treatment with Trametes versicolor
Authors: Xavier Ana MRB , Tavares Ana Paula M , Agapito Margarida SM , Evtuguin Dmitry V 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: A sequential batch reactor (SBR) was used for eucalypt kraft pulp effluent treatment with Trametes versicolor. A 23 full factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to optimise the batch fermentation conditions. Effluent concentration, culture medium and inoculum age were the factors selected for this study in order to optimise the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD).RESULTS: The presence of Trametes Defined Medium (TDM) in the fermentation was required to obtain a significant COD reduction. Experiments in the batch reactor confirmed, in general, the predicted results of optimisation developed from Erlenmeyer batch assays. The T. versicolor culture remained active during 42 days of study in the SBR, providing approximately 80% of COD reduction.CONCLUSION: Trametes versicolor may be considered as very promising for the biological treatment of effluents from kraft pulp mills in an SBR system instead of the activated sludge mixed cultures traditionally used. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Sewage sludge treatment using microwave‐enhanced advanced oxidation processes with and without ferrous sulfate addition
Authors: Lo Kwang V , Liao Ping H , Yin Gui Q 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Microwave‐enhanced advanced oxidation processes with and without the addition of ferrous sulfate (MW/H2O2/Fe2+‐AOP and MW/H2O2‐AOP respectively) were studied for reduction of solids and solubilisation of nutrients from secondary sewage sludge.RESULTS: For the MW/H2O2/Fe2+‐AOP the yields of solubilisation of orthophosphate and ammonia decreased with increasing temperature. The best results (88.1 mg L−1 for orthophosphate and 22.7 mg L−1 for ammonia) were obtained at a treatment temperature of 40 °C. In contrast, the MW/H2O2‐AOP had an advantage when it was operated at higher temperatures of 60 and 80 °C. The highest yields of solubilisation were obtained at 60 °C for orthophosphate (81.1 mg L−1) and at 80 °C for both ammonia (35.0 mg L−1) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (1954 mg L−1). Over the temperature range used in this study, the MW/H2O2‐AOP gave a better performance than the MW/H2O2/Fe2+‐AOP.CONCLUSION: For sewage sludge treatment the MW/H2O2‐AOP is more effective than the MW/H2O2/Fe2+‐AOP in terms of solid reduction and nutrient solubilisation. It will also be more cost‐effective, as it does not require iron addition in the process. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Lactic acid production from dining‐hall food waste by Lactobacillus plantarum using response surface methodology
Authors: Ye Zhi‐Long , Lu Min , Zheng Yan , Li Ya‐Hong , Cai Wei‐Min 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Food waste generally has a high starch content and is rich in nutritional compounds, including lipids and proteins. It therefore represents a potential renewable resource. In this study, dining‐hall food waste was used as a substrate for lactic acid production, and response surface methodology was employed to optimise the fermentation conditions.RESULTS: Lactic acid biosynthesis was significantly affected by the interaction of protease and temperature. Protease, temperature and CaCO3 had significant linear effects on lactic acid production, while α‐amylase and yeast extract had insignificant effects. The optimal conditions were found to be an α‐amylase activity of 13.86 U g−1 dried food waste, a protease activity of 2.12 U g−1 dried food waste, a temperature of 29.31 °C and a CaCO3 concentration of 62.67 g L−1, which resulted in a maximum lactic acid concentration of 98.51 g L−1 (88.75% yield). An increase in inoculum size would be appropriate for accelerating the depletion of initial soluble carbohydrate to enhance the efficiency of α‐amylase in dining‐hall food waste fermentation.CONCLUSION: A suitable regression model for lactic acid production was developed based on the experimental results. Dining‐hall food waste was found to be a good substrate for lactic acid fermentation with high product yield and without nutrient supplementation. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploring gene‐deleted adenoviral vectors for delivery of short hairpin RNAs and reduction of hepatitis B virus infection in mice
Authors: Rauschhuber Christina , Xu Hui , Salazar Felix H. , Marion Patricia L. , Ehrhardt Anja 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBackgroundRNA interference based therapeutic approaches hold promise for the treatment of patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). To conquer HBV infection, long‐term suppression of target transcripts in all hepatocytes without toxic effects may be required. The present study explored gene‐deleted adenoviral vectors (GD‐AdV) lacking all viral coding sequences for delivery of the previously described short hairpin RNA (shRNA) HBVU6no.2, which was demonstrated to result in post‐transcriptional knock‐down of HBV transcripts.MethodsWe established conditions for shRNA delivery expressed from GD‐AdV in vitro and in vivo and observed up to 96% shRNA‐mediated knockdown of luciferase expressed in mouse liver. To investigate in vivo efficacy of HBVU6no.2 expressed from a GD‐AdV, we explored a transient and a transgenic mouse model for HBV infection.ResultsWe observed an up to 68% drop in serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in the transient and the transgenic mouse model for HBV infection, respectively. Interestingly, we detected an up to 86% drop in HBsAg levels in both animal models after administration of a control GD‐AdV encoding β‐galactosidase. In concordance with reduced serum HBsAg levels, we observed reduced HBV replication as demonstrated by Southern blot analysis of HBV genomes.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that GD‐AdV can be used against HBV infection but the design of DNA sequences including shRNAs contained in the vector and virus–host interactions during superinfection needs to be carefully considered. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Functional morphology of the feeding apparatus, feeding constraints, and suction performance in the nurse shark Ginglymostoma cirratum
Authors: Motta Philip J. , Hueter Robert E. , Tricas Timothy C. , Summers Adam P. , Huber Daniel R. , Lowry Dayv , Mara Kyle R. , Matott Michael P. , Whitenack, Lisa B. , Wintzer Alpa P. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum, is an obligate suction feeder that preys on benthic invertebrates and fish. Its cranial morphology exhibits a suite of structural and functional modifications that facilitate this mode of prey capture. During suction‐feeding, subambient pressure is generated by the ventral expansion of the hyoid apparatus and the floor of its buccopharyngeal cavity. As in suction‐feeding bony fishes, the nurse shark exhibits expansive, compressive, and recovery kinematic phases that produce posterior‐directed water flow through the buccopharyngeal cavity. However, there is generally neither a preparatory phase nor cranial elevation. Suction is generated by the rapid depression of the buccopharyngeal floor by the coracoarcualis, coracohyoideus, and coracobranchiales muscles. Because the hyoid arch of G. cirratum is loosely connected to the mandible, contraction of the rectus cervicis muscle group can greatly depress the floor of the buccopharyngeal cavity below the depressed mandible, resulting in large volumetric expansion. Suction pressures in the nurse shark vary greatly, but include the greatest subambient pressures reported for an aquatic‐feeding vertebrate. Maximum suction pressure does not appear to be related to shark size, but is correlated with the rate of buccopharyngeal expansion. As in suction‐feeding bony fishes, suction in the nurse shark is only effective within approximately 3 cm in front of the mouth. The foraging behavior of this shark is most likely constrained to ambushing or stalking due to the exponential decay of effective suction in front of the mouth. Prey capture may be facilitated by foraging within reef confines and close to the substrate, which can enhance the effective suction distance, or by foraging at night when it can more closely approach prey. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Morphological and biomechanical changes of the feeding apparatus in developing southern flounder, Paralichthys lethostigma
Authors: Francis Austin W. , Turingan Ralph G. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe feeding biomechanics of premetamorphic, metamorphic, and postmetamorphic southern flounder, Paralichthys lethostigma, were investigated to better understand the origin and design of adult pleuronectiform feeding mechanisms. Larval P. lethostigma were sampled from culture tanks every day from first feeding through metamorphosis. Fish were then fixed, cleared, and double stained for cartilage and bone. Postmetamorphic juvenile and adult fish were obtained from aquaculture facilities, fixed, and the muscles and bones of the head dissected. All fish were digitally photographed from both sides of the head. Measurements from digital images included head depth, head length, and quadratal angle (a measure of articular‐quadrate position). Measurements were also made of closing in‐lever, opening in‐lever, and out‐lever moment arm lengths for the determination of lower jaw opening and closing mechanical advantage. In premetamorphic larvae, quadratal angle increased from 40° to 80°, opening lever ratio increased from 0.10 to 0.37, and closing lever ratio increased from 0.06 to 0.40. From these measurements and observations of cleared and double‐stained specimens, it was determined that lower jaw depression and elevation changed from a hyoid‐based to an opercular‐based mechanism prior to the onset of metamorphosis. With migration of the right eye to the left side of the head, quadratal angle remained relatively unchanged at 72° to 84°, opening lever ratio decreased from a high of 0.32 to a low of 0.14, and closing lever ratio decreased to as low as 0.17. Postmetamorphic fish exhibited little change with a quadratal angle of 83° to 84°, an opening lever ratio of 0.19, and a closing lever ratio of 0.17 to 0.19. Paired measurements made on the left (ocular) and right (blind) sides of the head indicated that quadratal angle was asymmetrical during metamorphosis (P = 0.003, α = 0.017). Mechanical advantage for lower jaw elevation was also bilaterally asymmetrical following metamorphosis (P = 0.002, α = 0.013). Because mechanical advantage for lower jaw depression was not directionally asymmetrical in metamorphic or postmetamorphic P. lethostigma, functional asymmetry (lateral jaw flexion) is not predicted for jaw opening. These results suggest differences in the design and function of feeding mechanisms for premetamorphic, metamorphic, and postmetamorphic P. lethostigma. J. Morphol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.