bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonsystemic treatment of metastatic tumors of the liver—a review
Authors: Lee Yeu‐Tsu N. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHepatic metastasis is usually quite resistant to conventional systemic chemotherapy. Nonsystemic treatment of metastatic tumors of the liver include surgical resection; infusion of chemotherapeutic agent(s), either via hepatic artery or portal vein; ligation of hepatic artery; radiotherapy; and other more investigative approaches (isolation perfusion, cryosurgery, liver transplantation, etc). The relative applicability, results, and limitations of each of these therapeutic modalities are reviewed.
Vincristine (NSC‐67574), cytosine arabinoside (NSC‐63878), 6 thioguanine (NSC‐752) and daunorubicin (NSC‐82151) (VAT‐D): A pilot study of combination chemotherapy for remission induction in acute myeloid leukemia in adults
Authors: Sartiano George P. , Pfrimmer Wayne J. , Turner A. Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifteen newly diagnosed unselected adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were treated in a pilot study of the combination of vincristine, cytosine arabinoside, 6‐thioguanine, and daunorubicin (VAT‐D) for remission induction therapy. Eleven of fifteen (75%) achieved a remission bone marrow. Median duration of remission was seven months in all responders (11 patients). The 11 patients achieving initial remission reached a median survival of 14 months. Twelve of seventeen attempts at reinduction of remission with VAT‐D were successful. The total amount of daunorubicin required for induction was less than that required in the majority of reported acute leukemia treatment regimens utilizing daunorubicin.
Daunomycin, cytosine arabinoside and 6‐thioguanine (DAT) vs vincristine, cytosine arabinoside and 6‐thioguanine (VAT) in the induction treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: A randomized collaborative study
Authors: Mandelli F. , de Lipsis E. , Grignani F. , Martelli M. , Liso V. , Amadori S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOne hundred patients were entered in a cooperative study comparing the efficacy of two different regimens in the induction treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Patients were randomly allocated to receive either the DAT or VAT combination; half of the patients were also randomized to receive CNS prophylaxis including intrathecal methotrexate + prednisone and cranial irradiation. Consolidation and maintenance therapy were uniform in responding patients. Out of 82 evaluable patients 41 (50%) attained complete remission (CR) with no significant difference between the two regimens.Median remission duration was slightly longer in the DAT group (32.5 vs 22 weeks); median survival was 34 weeks for all evaluable patients with no difference between the two schedules. Meningeal relapse occurred only in two patients after 19 and 99 weeks of continuous remission. Fourteen patients are still alive after 61 to ≥ 155 weeks, of whom seven are in their initial remission (six in the DAT and one in the VAT group). We conclude that 1) DAT and VAT are equally effective in inducing CR in a high proportion of ANLL patients; 2) until marrow remission can be prolonged significantly, preventing CNS leukemia will not have any significant impact on the course of ANLL.
Meningeal relapse of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Fusner June E. , Pizzo Philip A. , Poplack David G. , Freeman Charles 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 4‐year‐old boy with orbital rhabdomyosarcoma developed central nervous system (CNS) metastases as a meningeal disease without clinically apparent local recurrence. Abnormal cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antedated the symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure. This suggests that the CSF of patients with rhabdomyosarcoma should be monitored and that prophylactic therapy of the CNS might be indicated, especially in those patients with head and neck or metastatic disease.
Sarcoma with myelophthisic anemia: Report of two cases
Authors: Juméan Hani G. , Lester Eric , Stein Richard S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo cases of sarcoma complicated by pathologically confirmed myelophthisic anemia are presented. Although marrow involvement may occur in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, complete marrow replacement in adult patients with sarcoma has not been previously described.
Meningeal seeding from rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck with base of the skull invasion: Recognition of the clinical evolution and suggestions for management
Authors: Gerson James M. , Jaffe Norman , Donaldson Milton H. , Tefft Melvin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRhabdomyosarcomas of the head and neck may spread by diffuse local invasion, resulting in erosion of the base of the skull with possible extension to the leptomeninges, brain, and cranial nerves, as well as invasion of the ventricular system with possible intradural, extramedullary metastases anywhere along the neuraxis. Meningeal spread of tumor is difficult to eradicate, and nearly all patients reviewed died soon after meningeal disease was evident. Patients with erosion of the base of the skull or abnormal cranial nerve findings seem to have a risk of seeding the meninges with tumor. The clinical evolution of this pattern of metastatic spread is reviewed, diagnostic studies are recommended, and therapeutic considerations are discussed. Tentative treatment guidelines are also offered.
Echocardiographic assessment of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in children
Authors: Lewis Alan B. , Pilkington Ronald , Takahashi Masato , Siegel Stuart E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdriamycin and daunomycin are highly effective anti‐tumor agents but have been known to be cardiotoxic in dosages > 500 mg/m2. Echocardiograms were performed in 54 pediatric patients with a variety of malignant diseases in an attempt to detect early evidence of anthracycline‐induced cardiac toxicity. Thirty baseline studies were performed while 81 studies were done during and/or following anthracycline chemotherapy. Baseline left ventricular (LV) function was normal; shortening fraction = 34 ± 1% and percent heart rate predicted velocity of fiber shortening = 109 ± 3%. No significant reduction in LV performance occurred until cumulative doses exceeded 250 mg/m2. Between 250 mg/m2 and 450 mg/m2 mean shortening fraction = 30 ± 1% (p < 0.025) and percent of predicted shortening velocity = 93 ± 4% (p < 0.005). Above 450 mg/m2 a further significant decrease in LV function was noted: shortening fraction = 21 ± 3% and percent of predicted shortening velocity = 63 ± 10%. Two of the five patients in this group developed congestive heart failure. We currently recommend that echocardiograms be performed prior to the start of anthracycline therapy and repeated every 80 to 120 mg/m2 until a cumulative dose of 250 mg/m2 is reached. Thereafter, echocardiograms should be performed prior to each additional dose. Therapy should be discontinued when shortening fraction < 20% and percent of predicted shortening velocity < 50%. However, selected patients with satisfactory LV performance who have received dosages of 500 mg/m2 may be considered for continued chemotherapy.
Fungal peritonitis and malignancy: Report of two patients and review of the literature
Authors: Kopelson Gene , Silva‐Hutner Margarita , Brown James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo patients developed isolated Candida albicans peritonitis in association with intraabdominal malignancy. Although additional factors predisposing to the development of fungal peritonitis were present, we postulate that tumor‐related local factors permitted fungi to cross the gut wall and to enter the peritoneum, where the host immune status determined whether the infection spread. These two cases are the sixth and seventh reported cancer patients who developed fungal peritonitis, but the first two who had the fungal infection localized to the peritoneum; and this is the first report known to us specifically associating intraabdominal malignancy and fungal peritonitis. Patients who develop fungal peritonitis may have a primary or metastatic intraadbdominal malignancy, and fungi should be considered as a cause of peritonitis in cancer patients.
Multiagent chemotherapy for children with metastatic neuroblastoma: A report from childrens cancer study group
Authors: Finklestein J. Z. , Klemperer M. R. , Evans A. , Bernstein I. , Leikin S. , McCreadie S. , Grosfeld J. , Hittle R. , Weiner J. , Sather H. , Hammond D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring the past 10‐15 years there has not been a significant improvement in the overall survival of children with metastatic neuroblastoma. From 1971 through 1975, 104 eligible patients were entered on two clinical studies for newly diagnosed cases of stage IV neuroblastoma by the Childrens Cancer Study Group (CCSG). Patient data from both studies were evaluated for activity of cyclophosphamide, imidazole carboxamide, and vincristine and of these same agents plus adriamycin. Response was evaluated by serial measurements of tumor size. Eighty‐four patients experienced a complete or partial response. The life‐table estimate of median survival on both studies was 11–12 months for all patients and 13‐18 months for responders, unchanged from the results of previous CCSG studies. Long‐term survival, however, for patients on these studies demonstrates a significant increase compared with results reported from the three previous CCSG studies. Children less than 1 year or greater than 6 years of age at diagnosis showed a significantly improved survival pattern over the intermediate age group. It is suggested that there is a need to consider the induction response pattern and age at diagnosis when planning a maintenance program so that nonresponders can be identified early and considered for treatment with new agents or aggressive multimodal therapy.
Intraventricular versus intralumbar methotrexate for central‐nervous‐system leukemia: Prolonged remission with the ommaya reservoir
Authors: Bleyer W. Archie , Poplack David G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTen children had recurrence of central‐nervous‐system (CNS) leukemia despite monthly injections of methotrexate into their lumbar cerebrospinal fluid. Each child was then reinduced into remission and maintained with intraventricular methotrexate administered via an Ommaya reservoir and the length of this remission was compared with the duration of the child's previous intralumbar‐treated remission. Of eight evaluable patients, seven had longer CNS remissions with intraventricular therapy than with intralumbar therapy (P < 0.02). The median CNS remission duration in all patients was 475 days with intraventricular and 286 days with intralumbar therapy (P < 0.05). The rate of CNS relapse was reduced from 2.94 relapses per thousand days at risk during intralumbar therapy to 0.93 relapse per thousand days of intraventricular therapy. We conclude that intraventricular chemotherapy is significantly more effective against CNS leukemia than the same therapy given by lumbar puncture.
Evaluation of overall toxicity of high‐dosage methotrexate regimens
Authors: Perez Clara , Sutow Wataru W. , Wang Y. M. , Herson Jay 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe occurrence of overall toxicity was analyzed for 43 patients with osteosarcoma who received 349 high‐dosage courses of methotrexate (HD‐MTX) with citrovorum factor (Leukovorin) „rescue”︁ (CF). The dosages of HD‐MTX ranged from 50 to 350 mg/kg. Overall toxicity was assessed on the basis of five manifestations of toxicity: stomatitis, dermatitis, myelosuppression, liver dysfunction, and kidney function abnormalities. The great majority (91.4%) of the infusions were well tolerated, but 8.6% were associated with moderate or severe toxicity. Stomatitis and serum glutamic‐oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) changes were the most frequent postinfusion findings. Three patients died from causes related to MTX toxicity. Dose, age, sex, and number of prior infusions were investigated by logistic regression analysis for prognostic effect on frequency of moderate to severe overall toxicity. Age and number of prior infusions had significant (P < 0.06) effects on overall toxicity. Patients older than 15 years with greater than 10 prior infusions constituted the „high risk”︁ group with a risk of moderate to severe toxicity 6.3 times that of the younger patients with fewer than 10 infusions.
An exploration of cancer staff attitudes and values
Authors: McKegney F. Patrick , Visco Gary , Yates Jerome , Hughes Judith 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA multidisciplinary team involved in the care of patients with advanced cancer including physicians, nurses, social workers, physical therapists, nutritionists, clergymen, enterostomal therapists, biostatisticians and administrative personnel were studied over a period of eighteen months. A prospective study of staff attitudes and values about life, disease, and medical care which focused particularly on cancer, cancer treatment and patients with cancer was undertaken. Data were gathered from the staff by written responses to the following instruments: 1) Rokeach Value Survey and 2) a Personal Attitudes Towards Illness Questionnaire. This longitudinal prospective study demonstrated the reliability of scrutinizing individual and collective staff characteristics in a cancer care team. Although most team members had minimal previous contact with clinical research or with patients with advanced cancer, increased exposure did not result in changes in staff attitudes and values over the period of seventeen months.
Treatment of advanced head and neck cancer by means of radiation therapy plus chemotherapy — a randomised trial
Authors: Bezwoda Werner R. , de Moor Norah G. , Derman Denis P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐eight patients with advanced head and neck cancer were entered into a randomised trial comparing radical radiation therapy to the primary tumour and associated lymph node areas with a combination of radiation therapy plus chemotherapy. The distribution of tumour types and stages was similar in the two treatment groups. The response rates to radiation therapy alone (50% complete plus partial response) and to radiation therapy plus chemotherapy (60% complete plus partial response) were not significantly different. However, a significant difference in survival was found between the two groups. The median duration of survival for the patients treated by means of radiation therapy alone was 18 weeks; that for the combined therapy was 36 weeks. The combination of radical radiation therapy plus intermittent high‐dose chemotherapy was well tolerated and appears to be an approach that warrants further trial.
Relapse rates following cessation of chemotherapy during complete remission of acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Baum E. , Sather H. , Nachman J. , Seinfeld J. , Krivit W. , Leikin S. , Miller D. , Joo P. , Hammond D. ,   A Report From Childrens Cancer Study Group
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe therapeutic benefit of maintenance chemotherapy beyond three years for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in continuous complete remission was evaluated by the investigators of Childrens Cancer Study Group (CCSG). Two hundred and twenty leukemic children in first remission for three years or longer and who had received at least three years of continuous chemotherapy were eligible. One hundred and one patients were randomized to either continue chemotherapy for an additional three years or to discontinue therapy, and 119 patients nonrandomly continued or discontinued therapy. The patients had received a variety of chemotherapy regimens. The study period extended from April 1970 until December 1977, with a median follow‐up time of 25 months. Relapses occurred in 15 randomized patients (15%). Randomized patients remaining on chemotherapy experienced a statistically significant lower relapse rate than patients randomized to discontinue therapy. Also among randomized patients, bone marrow relapse was signicantly more frequent in males than in females. Considering the total patient group, age and white blood count at diagnosis had no significance in predicting relapse. Of relapse events in males, 21% were isolated testicular relapses, identifying the testicle as a major risk site in males completing three years of continuous complete remission. This study demonstrates that continuing chemotherapy beyond three years results in a significant prolongation of remission in males, although the eventual survival outcome for later discontinuance of therapy will require longer follow‐up.
Histoplasmosis mimicking childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Brodeur Garrett M. , Wilber Richard B. , Melvin Susan L. , Murphy Sharon B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell surface markers are becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoid diseases. We present a case of pulmonary histoplasmosis with a pleural effusion. The differential diagnosis included non‐Hodgkin lymphoma because the pleural fluid cells were cytologically identical to convoluted lymphoblasts; the cells also formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 37°C, suggesting that they were malignant thymus‐derived lymphoblasts. Since cultures of pleural fluid were negative for bacteria and fungi, the correct diagnosis of histoplasmosis was made only after conventional histology identified Histoplasma capsulatum organisms in pleural nodules. Thus, until we have a better understanding of the significance of cell surface markers, we should continue to rely on conventional histology for the diagnosis of lymphomas.
Hypothalamic‐pituitary dysfunction following CNS prophylaxis in acute lymphocytic leukemia: Correlation with CT scan abnormalities
Authors: Oliff Allen , Bode Udo , Bercu Barry B. , Chiro Giovanni Di , Graves Versena , Poplack David G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn an attempt to identify possible adverse effects of CNS prophylaxis (cranial radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy), we examined hypothalamic‐pituitary function in 23 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Of 18 patients who had received both cranial radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy, nine had abnormally low growth hormone responses to insulin‐induced hypoglycemia (< 7.0 ng/ml). Seven of the nine patients with abnormally low growth hormone responses also mainfested ventricular dilatation on computed tomography (CT) brain scans, whereas only one of the nine patients with normal growth hormone responses demonstrated this CT scan finding (P = 0.015). The remaining patients, who had not received cranial radiation, had normal growth hormone responses and normal CT scans. There is a significant correlation between ventricular dilatation on CT and abnormally low peak growth hormone responses following CNS prophylaxis in ALL.
Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the sternum: A case report
Authors: Kedar Amos , Ghoorah Jaya , Thomas Patrick R. M. , Mindell Eugene R. , Tebbi Cameron K. , Freeman Arnold I. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 12 1/2‐year‐old female presented with Ewing's sarcoma of the manubrium sterni which extended into the anterior mediastinum. At presentation there was no evidence of metastatic disease. Her initial treatment consisted of radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The residual tumor was subsequently resected and the sternal defect was repaired with Marlex mesh. Post‐operatively, she was maintained on chemotherapy consisting of BCNU, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin. The adriamycin was discontinued after she developed sterile fibrinous pericarditis. She remains free of her disease two years after diagnosis. Although extremely rare, Ewing's does occur in the sternum and this area is amenable to wide local resection without severe functional disability.
Successful therapy of crystalcryoglobulinemia: A case report
Authors: Cummings F. J. , Park C. H. , Bogaars H. A. , Kalderon A. E. , Melnicoff I. , Kaplan S. R. , Diamond I. , Calabresi P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSuccessful therapy for a case of multiple myeloma with a spontaneously crystallizing cryoglobulin of the IgG2‐kappa light chain variety was achieved, using both continuous‐flow cell centrifugation plasmapheresis to rapidly lower the M component and combination chemotherapy with phenylalanine mustard, prednisone, procarbazine, and vincristine to control the myeloma process. This resulted in resolution of incapacitating large and small necrotic cutaneous ulcerations of the extremities.Physicochemical studies of the crystalcryoprotein demonstrated that cryoprecipitation was rapid and accompanied by the formation of needle‐shaped crystals, yet was completely reversible at 37°C. Cryocrit determinations varied depending upon relative centrifugal forces and temperature and did not always relate linearly to the amount of abnormal protein, thus making these alone unreliable in assessing response to therapy.
Estrogen receptor determination in percutaneous bone marrow biopsies of patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Wortman James E. , Rundles R. Wayne , Moore Joseph O. , McCarty Kenneth S. , McCarty Kenneth S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractEstrogen receptor determination in metastatic breast cancer has been shown to be important in determining potential for response to endocrine therapy. One limitation to this procedure can be the availability of neoplastic material for receptor assay. This report describes Patients in whom estrogen receptor status was determined using malignant cells obtained through routine posterior iliac crest bone marrow biopsy. The ability to obtain receptor data from percutaneous bone marrow biopsy specimens has proved to be of importance in patients in whom other sites involved with tumor were not accessible.
Burkitt lymphoma in an American infant under one year of age, with electron microscopic examination of the tumor
Authors: Spruce Wayne E. , Kung Faith H. , Feldman Philip S. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBurkitt lymphoma in the United States has not been reported in a child under the age of one year. We report here a nine‐month‐old child who had facial involvement and a rapidly downhill course. This occurred despite an early response to combination chemotherapy and vigorous supportive measures. Electron microscopic examination of the tumor is also presented.
Quality of survival in histiocytosis X: A southwest oncology group study
Authors: Komp Diane M. , Mahdi Anas El , Starling Kenneth A. , Easley James , Vietti Teresa J. , Berry D. H. , George Stephen L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSixty children survived for five years after the diagnosis of histiocytosis X. Serious disabilities were seen in 50% of children whose disease involved soft tissue and bone. Late deaths from pulmonary failure were associated with opportunistic infections in two cases.Future treatment approaches must weigh the risks of therapy‐related complications against the probability of significant disability if the disease continues for many years.
Hypopyon‐an early sign of leukaemic relapse
Authors: Lin H. P. , Chandran S. , Tan M. K. , Sinniah D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA 5‐year‐old girl with ALL developed leukaemic hypopyon after 33 months of treatment. Bone marrow and CNS relapse developed 3 months later, which was successfully treated. Local radiotherapy did not prevent an ocular relapse 2 months later, and a second course of irradiation was successfully given. She developed a second bone marrow relapse and died about 9 months after hypopyon was first identified. It is postulated that hypopyon may be an early sign of leukaemic relapse.