bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereochenols A and B, Two Quinones from Stereospermum chelonoides.
Authors: Haque Mohammad R. , Rahman Khondaker M. , Iskander Magdy N. , Hasan Choudhury M. , Rashid Mohammad A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Two Biflavonoids from Ouratea nigroviolacea.
Authors: Ngo Mbing Josephine , Enguehard‐Gueiffier Cecile , Atchade Alex de Theodore , Allouchi Hassan , Gangoue‐Pieboji Joseph , Mbafor Joseph Tanyi , Tih Raphael Ghogomu , Pothier Jacques , Pegnyemb Dieudonne Emmanuel , Gueiffier Alain 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Novel Cyclization Strategy for the Synthesis of Lactonamycin: A New Route to Highly Functionalized Heterocyclic Rings.
Authors: Parsons Philip J. , Board Johnathan , Waters Alexander J. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Wakenhut Florian , Walter Daryl S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Oasamycin A. Part 3. Fragment Assembly and Confirmation of Structure.
Authors: Evans David A. , Nagorny Pavel , McRae Kenneth J. , Sonntag Louis‐Sebastian , Reynolds Dominic J. , Vounatsos Filisaty 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cytotoxic Phenylpropanoids and an Additional Thapsigargin Analogue Isolated from Thapsia garganica.
Authors: Liu Huizhen , Jensen Kent Gunnertoft , Tran Linh My , Chen Ming , Zhai Lin , Olsen Carl Erik , Soehoel Helmer , Denmeade Samuel R. , Isaacs John T. , Christensen S. Broegger 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Random Forest Prediction of Mutagenicity from Empirical Physicochemical Descriptors.
Authors: Zhang Qing‐You , Aires‐de‐Sousa Joao 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sesquiterpene Lactones Based Classification of the Family Asteracease Using Neural Networks and ϰ‐Nearest Neighbors.
Authors: Hristozov Dimitar , Da Costa Fernando B. , Gasteiger Johann 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Integration of Structure—Activity Relationship and Artificial Intelligence Systems to Improve in silico Prediction of Ames Test Mutagenicity.
Authors: Mazzatorta Paolo , Tran Lien‐Anh , Schilter Benoit , Grigorov Martin 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel, Customizable Scoring Functions, Parameterized Using N‐PLS, for Structure‐Based Drug Discovery.
Authors: Catana Cornel , Stouten Pieter F. W. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
From Academic Soot Research to Commercial Synthesis of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Richter Henning , Howard Jack B. , Vander Sande John B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Studies of Electronic Coupling and Mixed Valency in Metal—Metal Quadruply Bonded Complexes Linked by Dicarboxylate and Closely Related Ligands
Authors: Chisholm Malcolm H. , Patmore Nathan J. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthetic Approaches to α,β‐Unsaturated δ‐Lactones and Lactols
Authors: Boucard Valerie , Broustal Garance , Campagne Jean Marc 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
ortho‐Quinone Amines and Derivatives: The Influence of Structure on the Rates and Modes of Intramolecular Reaction
Authors: Land Edward J. , Ramsden Christopher A. , Riley Patrick A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biosynthesis of 2‐Deoxystreptamine‐Containing Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
Authors: Llewellyn Nicholas M. , Spencer Jonathan B. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Towards Unified Compound Screening Strategies: A Critical Evaluation of Error Sources in Experimental and Virtual High‐Throughput Screening
Authors: Parker Christian N. , Bajorath Juergen 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Azabicycloalkenes as Synthetic Intermediates – Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Glutamate Analogues
Authors: Maison Wolfgang 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAs a part of our study of the cancer‐specific protease PSMA (prostate‐specific membrane antigen) we present a stereoselective synthesis of conformationally constrained glutamate mimetics. Key intermediates are azabicycloalkenes which are synthesized via diastereoselective or enantioselective imino‐Diels–Alder protocols. The versatility of the route is demonstrated with the preparation of Asp, Glu and HGlu‐mimetics based on proline or pipecolic acid scaffolds. These scaffolds are assembled by an oxidative cleavage of azabicycloalkenes and subsequent conversions of the resulting dialdehydes via chlorite oxidation or Wittig olefination. The resulting cyclic amino acids are obtained as Cbz‐protected derivatives or free amines ready for further manipulation at their N‐terminus and are useful as building blocks for the assembly of conformationally rigid PSMA ligands.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)
An industrial experience in assessing the capability of non‐software processes using ISO/IEC 15504
Authors: Coletta Antonio 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe Standard ISO/IEC 15504, has been developed for the purpose of performing assessments of software and systems processes. The result is a capability‐level rating for each assessed process on a rating scale from 0 to 5. The capability levels defined in the ISO/IEC 15504 measurement framework have been designed to be applicable universally to all types of processes. Aside from level 1 (the performed level) where the observable indicators differ from process to process, all the attributes from level 2 to 5 should be common and observable for all types of processes. A practical application of this feature is the possibility to perform assessments on processes from other industrial sectors (e.g. manufacturing processes), using the same measurement framework as long as we have the process defined according to specific rules.An industrial experiment in this area was carried out by DNV on some critical processes deployed by a large company in charge of managing the Italian national gas distribution network (SNAM Rete Gas).Specific process definitions were developed with the purpose and outcome as required by the Standard for a Process Reference Model. In order to build the Process Assessment Model, performance indicators were also identified while capability indicators from levels 2 to 5 were taken straight from the Standard (part 5).The assessment was successfully performed on two different processes providing the organization with valuable insights on their process.This article will illustrate step by step, how this industrial experiment was carried out and what were its results. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Positional distribution of octadecadienoic acids in sponge phosphatidylethanolamines
Authors: Carballeira Néstor M. , Emiliano Anastacio , Morales Reginald 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe distribution of C14–C22 fatty acids in the phosphatidylethanolamines isolated from the spongesAgelas sp. andSpongia tampa was investigated. Selective changes with phospholipase A2 (fromAgkistrodon halys blomhoffii) followed by thin‐layer chromatographic separation of the resulting lysophosphatidylethanolamines and free fatty acids and subsequent methylation with HCl/MeOH and diazomethane, respectively, revealed that the 5,9‐octadecadienoic acid and the 9,12‐octadecadienoic acid present showed no preference for either positionsn‐1 orsn‐2 in these phosphatidylethanolamines. The other saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with chains between 14 and 22 carbons long were also found to be equally distributed between positionssn‐1 andsn‐2 in the phosphatidylethanolamines in these sponges. The results contrast with what is known about the distribution in most mammalian phospholipids, such as the phosphatidylcholines from human erythrocytes, where octadecadienoic acid typically occupies thesn‐2 position.
Reversal of multidrug resistance of vincristine‐resistant gastric adenocarcinoma cells through up‐regulation of DARPP‐32
Authors: Hong Liu , Wang Jin , Han Ying , Zhao Yunping , Gao Juan , Wang Jun , Han Yu , Zhang Xiaoyin , Yan Li , Zhou Xinmin , Qiao Taidong , Chen Zhen , Fan Daiming 
Published: March 2007

AbstractHere we investigated the roles of DARPP‐32 in multidrug resistance (MDR) of gastric cancer cells and the possible underlying mechanisms. We constructed the eukaryotic expression vector of DARPP‐32 and transfected it into human vincristine‐resistant gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR. Up‐regulation of DARPP‐32 could significantly enhance the sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR cells towards vincristine, adriamycin, 5‐fluorouracil and cisplatin, and could decrease the capacity of cells to efflux adriamycin. What's more, the results of subrenal capsule assay confirmed that DARPP‐32 might play a certain role in MDR of gastric cancer. DARPP‐32 could significantly down‐regulate the expression of P‐gp and zinc ribbon domain‐containing 1 (ZNRD1), but not alter the expression of multidrug resistance‐associated protein (MRP) or the glutathione S‐transferase (GST). DARPP‐32 could also significantly decrease the anti‐apoptotic activity of SGC7901/VCR cells. Further study of the biological functions of DARPP‐32 might be helpful for understanding the mechanisms of MDR in gastric cancer.
Multiple solutions for elliptic problems with singular and sublinear potentials
Authors: Kristály Alexandru , Varga Csaba 
Published: March 2007

For certain positive numbers

μ
\mu

and

λ
,

\lambda ,

we establish the multiplicity of solutions to the problem
\[

{

−
△
u
=
μ

u

|

x

|

2

+
λ
f
(
u
)

a
m
p
;

a.e.\ in

Ω
,
u
=
0

a
m
p
;

on

∂
Ω
,

\left \{ \begin {array}{lll} -\triangle u=\mu \frac {u}{|x|^2}+\lambda f(u)& \textrm {a.e.\ in} \ \Omega , u=0 & \textrm {on}\ \partial \Omega , \end {array}\right .

\]
where

Ω
\Omega

is a bounded open domain in

R

N

(
N
≥
3
)

\mathbb {R}^N\ (N\geq 3)

containing the origin with smooth boundary

∂
Ω
,

\partial \Omega ,

while

f
:

R

→

R

f:\mathbb {R}\to \mathbb {R}

is continuous, superlinear at zero and sublinear at infinity.
Parageometric outer automorphisms of free groups
Authors: Handel Michael , Mosher Lee 
Published: March 2007

We study those fully irreducible outer automorphisms

ϕ
\phi

of a finite rank free group

F
r

F_r

which are parageometric, meaning that the attracting fixed point of

ϕ
\phi

in the boundary of outer space is a geometric

R

\mathbf {R}

-tree with respect to the action of

F
r

F_r

, but

ϕ
\phi

itself is not a geometric outer automorphism in that it is not represented by a homeomorphism of a surface. Our main result shows that the expansion factor of

ϕ
\phi

is strictly larger than the expansion factor of

ϕ

−
1

\phi ^{-1}

. As corollaries (proved independently by Guirardel), the inverse of a parageometric outer automorphism is neither geometric nor parageometric, and a fully irreducible outer automorphism

ϕ
\phi

is geometric if and only if its attracting and repelling fixed points in the boundary of outer space are geometric

R

\mathbf {R}

-trees.
Wiener’s lemma for infinite matrices
Authors: Sun Qiyu 
Published: March 2007

The classical Wiener lemma and its various generalizations are important and have numerous applications in numerical analysis, wavelet theory, frame theory, and sampling theory. There are many different equivalent formulations for the classical Wiener lemma, with an equivalent formulation suitable for our generalization involving commutative algebra of infinite matrices

W

:=
{
(
a
(
j
−

j
′

)

)

j
,

j
′

∈

Z

d

:

∑

j
∈

Z

d

|

a
(
j
)

|

>
∞
}

{\mathcal W}:=\{(a(j-j’))_{j,j’\in \mathbf {Z}^d}: \ \sum _{j\in \mathbf {Z}^d} |a(j)|>\infty \}

. In the study of spline approximation, (diffusion) wavelets and affine frames, Gabor frames on non-uniform grid, and non-uniform sampling and reconstruction, the associated algebras of infinite matrices are extremely non-commutative, but we expect those non-commutative algebras to have a similar property to Wiener’s lemma for the commutative algebra

W

{\mathcal W}

. In this paper, we consider two non-commutative algebras of infinite matrices, the Schur class and the Sjöstrand class, and establish Wiener’s lemmas for those matrix algebras.
Atracurium besylate in paediatric anaesthesia
Authors: Lavery G.G. , Mirakhur R.K. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryAtracurium was evaluated in clinical anaesthesia in 50 children undergoing elective surgery. The rime to onset of maximum block (182 seconds) was similar to that of vecuronium but shorter than that of pancuronium as previously reported. The duration of clinical relaxation (33 minutes) is between those of vecuronium and pancuronium. The anrugonism of block at 25% recovery was easy. There were no untoward cardiovascular effects but skin reactions were observed in over 30% of patienis.
Brachial plexus injury following brachial plexus block
Authors: LIM E. K. , PEREIRA R. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryA patient developed paralysis over the left upper limb 2 days after an otherwise uneventful supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Symptoms continued for 8 weeks after the block. The various possible causes for this complication are discussed. Although brachial plexus injury following the block is rare, some recommendations are made to reduce the incidence of this complication.
Obstetric analgesia, anasthesia and the Apgar score
Authors: MURPHY J. F. , DAUNCEY M. , REES G. A. D. , ROSEN M. , GRAY O. P. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryThis study examines the changing pattern of maternal analgesia administration during the decade 1970–1979. In addition, the relationship between analgesia, anasthesia and the infant's Apgar score was documented. Approximately 40000 deliveries to South Glamorgan residents were included in the study. Over the two quinquennia 1970–1974 and 1975–1979 the administration of epidural block increased from 5.6% to 17.5%. The Apgar score of babies in the epidural block group was significantly better in the latter period. Respiratory depression following Caesarean section remains a problem. The group delivered by elective Caesarean section contained a substantial proportion of infants with a low Apgar score; 30% had an Apgar score less than 8 and 10% had a score of less than 4. Likely causative factors include undue sensitivity of the infants' respiratory centre and aortocaval compression during surgery.
A new indicator dilution method for the estimation of surgical blood loss
Authors: Freedman Mark 
Published: March 2007

SummaryThe principles of using indicator dilution techniques for the estimation of blood loss on swabs are explained. The feasibility of an intrinsic indicator such as intracellular and extracellular potassium ions was investigated. An empirical mathematical relationship between the total potassium content per litre of whole blood and the haemoglobin concentration of whole blood was established. The correlation between these two variables is statistically highly significant. The derived total potassium content per litre was then used with the indicator dilution technique to calculate the volume of blood lost. The accuracy, sources of error and advantages of the technique are discussed.
Drug absorption after general anasthesia for minor surgery
Authors: REILLY C. S. , NIMMO W. S. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryParacetamol absorption after oral adminstration was studied in eleven patients immediately after a short general anasthetic for cystoscopy and also in eight healthy volunteers. There were no statistical differences between the rate of paracetamol absorption in the two groups. This suggests that oral medication may be given immediately following a short general anasthetic when opioid drugs are avoided.
Anasthesia and mediastinal masses A case report and review of the literature
Authors: MACKIE A. M. , WATSON C. B. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryA case in which a mediastinal tumour caused complications including airway obstruction unrelieved by intubation during inhalational induction is described. Other case reports are reviewed and the anasthetic management of patients with mediastinal tumours is discussed.
High frequency jet ventilation
Authors: HILDEBRAND P. J. , PRAKASH D. , COSGROVE J. , WILSON J. J. , COPPEL D. L. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryHigh frequency jet ventilation for thoracic surgery offers some practical advantages over intermittent pressure ventilation using bronchial tubes. Satisfactory blood gases were obtained in 50 patients and good operating conditions were provided.
Postoperative myxoedema
Authors: SHERRY K. M. , HUTCHINSON I. L. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryThe problems encountered in the immediate postoperative period in an undiagnosed myxoedematous patient are reported, the specific management of these problems discussed and the treatment of myxoedema coma outlined. The use of dopamine for cardiovascular support in this situation is commented upon.
A brief technique of hypnoanasthesia for children in a casualty department
Authors: Hopayian K. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryHypnoanasthesia has been used in the past for the treatment of minor trauma in both adults and children. It is of particular value in the latter. However, the time required limits its application in the Accident and Emergency Department. A brief technique for hypnoanasthesia particularly for children is described, offering a practical solution. A case is reported to illustrate its usefulness.
A role for mitogen‐activated protein kinase and Ets‐1 in the induction of interleukin‐10 transcription by human immunodeficiency virus‐1 Tat
Authors: Li James C. B. , Lau Allan S. Y. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat protein has multiple regulatory roles, including trans‐activation of the HIV genome and regulation of immune signalling processes, including kinase activation and cytokine expression. We recently demonstrated that HIV‐1 Tat induces the expression of interleukin (IL)‐10 via p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. We further delineated that the Tat‐responsive element of the IL‐10 promoter was located within 625 to 595 bp upstream from the transcription start site. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the transcription factors Ets‐1 and Sp‐1 were shown to bind to the IL‐10 promoter to activate transcription of the gene. Furthermore, sequential deletional mutations of the Ets‐1‐ and Sp‐1‐binding sites in the −625/−595 region reduced the DNA binding and transcription activity of the IL‐10 promoter. Our results also showed that both the Tat‐induced and Ets‐1‐regulated IL‐10 promoter‐driven luciferase activity can be abrogated by inhibitors of the p38 MAPK activity. In conclusion, the coordinated activities of p38 MAPK and the transcription factors, Ets‐1 and Sp‐1, may play an important role in the HIV‐1 Tat‐induced IL‐10 transcription.
Immediate hypersensitivity to Malassezia furfur in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Khosravi A. R. , Hedayati M. T. , Mansouri P. , Shokri H. , Moazzeni M. 
Published: March 2007

SummaryAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic dermatitis that has unknown aetiology. It seems that Malassezia furfur has a role in pathogenesis of AD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate skin responses to M. furfur antigens in AD patients. Malassezia furfur was grown and the yeasts were broken. Cells were centrifuged and supernatants were used as crude extracts (CE). Protein components of CE were separated by sodium dodecylsulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). In addition, to fractionate CE antigens, gel filtration chromatography was performed. One hundred and fifteen AD patients were selected for skin‐prick test (SPT). In SDS–PAGE, CE showed a total of 19 different protein bands (10–100 kDa). Chromatographic gel filtration with M. furfur proteins showed four major fractions (F). The protein pattern of F1 (tube no. 40) was between 22 and 100 kDa and it was selected for SPT. In SPT, 49.6% and 42.6% patients showed positive reactions with CE and F1 antigens respectively. The most positive results were obtained in 20–29 aged group (P < 0.001). The allergens of M. furfur may have a role in AD signs; it is suggested to use F1 antigens in allergy tests.
Opposition in Japan
Authors: Boyd John 
Published: March 2007

FIRST, TWO DISCLAIMERS. DIPLOMATS ARE NOT ACADEMICS. THIS WILL be a personal account, based on some firsthand experience of contemporary Japanese politics (pursued always in terms of the UK interest) supported by some — though not enough — background reading. It will not, however, be an academic text.The second disclaimer is more complicated. Japan had five different prime ministers during my relatively brief stay in Tokyo. It experienced four coalitions of varying complexions. Fluidity was the name of the game. It challenges ingenuity, to define ‘opposition’ in this context. And it must be right to pay some regard to the culture. To say that times and fashions change is to undersell a more tricky and rewarding set of questions about Japan's political characteristics. This is not just another G7 system. The strength of Japan's culture hits the newcomer to Tokyo like a wave. Moreover, within continuities, Japan has undergone repeated convulsions. Today's political structures draw on domestic as well as foreign traditions, in a subtle mixture.