bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuation rates for injectable contraception and intra-uterine device (IUD) at Banyuning Village, Buleleng District
Authors: Dwijayanti Lina Anggaraeni , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Surveys on the proportion of contraception uptake have been regularly conducted in Indonesia, including Bali Province. However, very limited studies have explored contraceptive continuation rates. This study aims to examine continuation rates for injectable contraception and IUD including its determinants.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Buleleng District. A total of 100 reproductive age women who ever used or currently using injectable contraception or IUD were recruited to participate in the study. One village at Buleleng District was purposively selected and samples were selected from all registered reproductive age couples at the village using a systematic random sampling method. Data were collected through home interviews and were analysed using survival analysis to calculate contraceptive continuation rates. Multivariate analysis were performed using cox regression to identify factors associated to continuation rates for injectable contraception and IUD. Analysis was done using STATA SE 12.1.
Results: The one year continuation rate for IUD for first child was 84.62% whereas for injectable contraception was 71.03%. When sex variable of the child was applied, the one year continuation rate for IUD for first child was higher among those who have male child (81.82%) than female child (66.67%). Similarly, the one year continuation rate for injectable contraception was higher among those who have male child (79.10%) than female child (57.58%). The one year contraceptive continuation rate is also higher for the second child than the first one (79.56 vs 71.03 for injectable and 87.88 vs 84.62 for IUD). The multivariate analysis showed that perceived quality of family planning services was associated to contraceptive continuation rates (AHR=2.54; 95%CI: 1.22-5.29).
Conclusions: The continuation rate for IUD was higher than injectable contraception. Higher contraceptive continuation rate was found among those who have male children. The contraceptive continuation rate was associated with perceived quality of family planning services. Interventions to improve the quality of family planning services are warranted.
Causes of unwanted pregnancy among adolescents in Bali Province: a qualitative study
Authors: Mayun Kadek Anggie Wisandewi , Ani Luh Seri , Suariyani Ni Luh Putu 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Teenage pregnancy is a major contributing factor of high maternal and infant mortality rates in Indonesia. Unwanted pregnancy among adolescents is increasing, therefore an understanding of its causes is essential. This study aims to explore causes of unwanted pregnancy among adolescents.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Bali Province. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 10 adolescents aged between 12-21 years who experienced unwanted pregnancy. Data were collected between September and October 2016. Data were analysed thematically and presented using a narrative approach.
Results: Our study revealed that determinants associated to unwanted pregnancy among adolescents included the lack of systematic education on sexual and reproductive health both at home and school, as well as the lack of self-efficacy of teenage girls to reject pre-marital sex with their partner. Our study found that this pre-marital sex was done as an expression of love, because of being forced by the partner, and due to stressful home environments.
Conclusions: The main causes of unwanted pregnancy among adolescents are the lack of sexual and reproductive health education and a weak self-efficacy of teenage girls to reject pre-marital sex demanded by their partner. Given the complexities of teenage pregnancy, overarching policy to facilitate an early comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education program at home, schools, and youth-friendly health facilities is warranted.
Association between blood glucose level with glycemic load, physical activity and compliance to medication among Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients in Buleleng District General Hospital, Bali Province
Authors: Sutana Ketut Adi Jaya , Sari Komang Ayu Kartika , Weta I Wayan , Suastika Ketut 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia is increasing, including in Buleleng District, Bali Province. Studies regarding determinants of blood glucose control in DM patients show varied findings. This study aims to examine association between blood glucose level with physical activity, compliance to medication and glycemic load among DM patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Buleleng District General Hospital from March to April 2017. A total of 73 patients were concecutively recruited to participate in our study. Data were collected through interview, observation and measurement. Data collected included socio-demographic characteristics, fasting blood glucose level, 1-hour and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels, carbohydrate intake, body mass index, glycemic index, glycemic load, physical activity, genetic or family history, and compliance to medication. A bivariate analysis was performed to examine association between independent variables and blood glucose levels. Multivariate analysis was also conducted to calculate adjusted odd ratio using a binary logistic regression.
Results: Our study found that blood glucose levels of most respondents were relatively well managed–63% for fasting, 61.6% for 1-hour postprandial, and 63% for 2-hours postprandial. Multivariate analysis revealed that fasting blood glucose level were associated with regular physical activities (AOR=74.09; 95%CI: 7.52-729.69) and compliance to medication (AOR=11.90; 95%CI: 2.24-63.29). Furthermore, 1-hour postprandial blood glucose level were associated with breakfast glycemic load (AOR=0.63; 95%CI: 0.47-0.85) and compliance to medication (AOR=27.29; 95%CI: 2.29-323.95), while 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level were associated with breakfast glycemic load (AOR=0.69; 95%CI: 0.54-0.89) and compliance to medication (AOR=19.81; 95%CI: 2.31-170.14).
Conclusions: Factors associated with fasting blood glucose level were regular physical activities and adherence to medication, while 1-hour and 2-hours postprandial blood glucose levels were both influenced by breakfast glycemic load and compliance to medication.
Relationship between Consumption of Iron Supplements and Malaria Infection with Anaemia among Pregnant Mothers in Ambon City
Authors: Wabula Widy Markosia , Suryadhi Nyoman Tigeh , Ani Luh Seri 
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose: Maluku Province is one of the regions in Indonesia with the highest prevalence of anaemia among pregnant mothers; in addition, the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women in this province is also high. The aims of this study were to determine the relationship between consumption of iron supplements and malaria infection with anaemia of pregnant mothers in Ambon City
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Study sample was pregnant mothers in their 3rd trimester, and a total sample of 83 respondents was selected using multistage random sampling. Primary data on iron supplement intake were collected through interviews. Secondary data on malaria infection were obtained from medical records. Data on anaemia was obtained through collected blood samples using a digital hemometer. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square test) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis.
Results: Multivariate analysis indicated there was a significant relationship between anaemia with consumption of iron supplement with OR=4.570 (95%CI: 1.174-17.788), as well as malaria infection with OR=20.216 (95%CI: 4.773-85.620).
Conclusion: Malaria infection and iron supplement intake was associated with anaemia of pregnant mothers in Ambon City.
Analyzing stock returns in Indonesian state-owned firms: NPM, ROE and GCG factors
Authors: Markonah Markonah , Riwayati Hedwigis Esti 
Published: April 2024

This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the stock returns of state-owned enterprises (SOE) in Indonesia. The study focuses on net profit margin (NPM), return on equity (ROE) and good corporate governance (GCG) as potential determinants. The research population comprises 20 SOE companies registered at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2017 to 2022. The purposive sampling method is employed to select a sample of 6 companies that meet the specific criteria outlined in the research objectives. Panel data regression with common effects is used as the research technique. The results reveal that net profit margin (NPM) and return on equity (ROE) do not exert a significant impact on the stock returns of SOE companies listed on the IDX. However, good corporate governance (GCG) is identified as a strong negative factor influencing the stock returns of these companies. The findings suggest that investors and stakeholders should carefully consider the role of good corporate governance (GCG) when evaluating and making decisions related to state-owned enterprises (SOE) stocks in the Indonesian market. Implementing robust governance practices may be crucial for mitigating potential negative effects on stock returns. The practical implications of these findings emphasize the need for policymakers, regulators and company management to enhance GCG practices to enhance overall performance and sustain investor trust in SOE stocks.
Mobile Adaptation: Continuously Transforming Pedagogical Practice
Authors: Ocádiz Gabriela 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this autoethnography, I explore personal and professional processes of adaptation that have an impact on music pedagogies while teaching music with students of immigrant and refugee backgrounds in Canada. Informed by theories of introspection, cultural fusion, and mestizaje, this article also provides representations of reflexivity. Throughout the article, reflections transform into imagined futures of music education in societies experiencing sociocultural fusion and social change due to human mobility. Autoethnography, as a research methodology, serves to analyze a selection of past and present events as temporal reflections that inform music education pedagogy, and the frameworks for analysis serve to bring light into complex understandings of pedagogical adaptation in fluctuating social contexts.
The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance During The Covid-19 Pandemic with Control Culture and Affective Commitments as Intervening Variables
Authors: Pratiwi Heni Indah , Hanifah Imam Abu , Ibrani Ewing Yuvisa 
Published: April 2024

Study this aim for test Influence Leadership Transformational to Performance Employee with Culture Control and Affective Commitment as an intervening variable. This research is one of a kind quantitative research, data were collected using primary data and questionnaires to obtain information from respondents, namely middle managers who work in company manufacture in Province Banten. Method analysis which used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) Path Modeling with SmartPLS 3.0 analysis tool. The results of this study are 1) Transformational Leadership affects the Culture of Control, Commitment Affective and Performance Employee 2) Culture Control and Commitment Affective take effect to Performance Employee. 3) Leadership Transformational effect on Employee Performance through the Culture of Control and Commitment Affective.
Article: The (Un)Sustainability of UK Company Law: ClientEarth v. Shell Plc
Authors: Paduano Claudia 
Published: April 2024

This article delves into the intersection of environmental litigation, corporate accountability, and the urgent global challenge of climate change. Focused on the ClientEarth v. Shell plc. (UK) case, it explores the evolving role of courts in holding companies responsible for their contributions to climate risks. Despite efforts to integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria into corporate decisionmaking, the article reveals a significant gap between legal interpretations of UK company law and broader societal objectives. The case’s procedural intricacies and the court’s reluctance to intervene in internal corporate governance processes underline the limitations of current legal frameworks in addressing climate externalities. Emphasizing the theoretical misalignment of company law with sustainability, the article contends that either corporate directors must incorporate broader societal perspectives into decision-making, or a fundamental reform of company law is imperative. However, it acknowledges the challenges of reform within the existing capitalist paradigm, where directors grapple with conflicting pressures. Ultimately, the ClientEarth case prompts critical reflections on the efficacy of legal mechanisms in mitigating climate change and the illusory promise of company law in promoting broader societal interests.
company law, sustainability, corporate accountability, climate risks, ClientEarth, Shell
Article: Non-preferential Origin of Seamless Stainless Steel Tubes
Authors: Felderhoff Kai Henning 
Published: April 2024

Following the request of the Hamburg Fiscal Court of 2 March 2022, 4 K 160/18, the European Court of Justice, in its ruling of 21 September 2023, C-210/22, ECLI:EU:C:2023:693, has now made a decision on the non-preferential origin of seamless stainless steel tubes that is especially significant for the levying of anti-dumping duties on such products originating from China. The general significance of the topic results from the fact that seamless stainless steel tubes are often internationally produced, with the process of hot forming taking place in China and with the process of cold forming taking place in another country, such as South Korea or India. There are currently numerous disputes throughout the European Union if the antidumping duties can be levied on these products. Due to the comments of the ECJ on the relationship between customs tariff law and non-preferential origin law, the new decision is also important for the interpretation of non-preferential origin law in accordance with the rules of origin in the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2015/2446 (further on:UCC-DA)1 in general. The following explanations give the essential reasons of the decision and its legal and economical consequences
Non-preferential origin, Union Customs Code, anti-dumping, customs tariff, Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System, primary rule, residual profile, hollow profile, seamless stainless steel tubes, explanatory notes, European Court of Justice, C-210/22, ECLI:EU:C:2023:693, Hamburg Fiscal Court of 2 March 2022, 4 K 160/18
Article: Japan’s Latest Export Regulations on Semiconductors: A Plurilateral Approach with Bite
Authors: Trehearne Colin , Miyaoka Kunio 
Published: April 2024

In July 2023 Japan’s latest export tightening regulations on semiconductor manufacturing equipment took effect. These export regulations, implemented in coordination with the United States and the Netherlands, are significant in several respects: they have direct legal and potentially financial implications for Japan’s leading equipment suppliers, they represent a departure from Japan’s past approach of implementing in domestic law only those restrictions found in multilateral control lists, and the efficacy of these regulations in achieving their aims is as yet uncertain. Exporters may need to apply for one or more export licenses in order to comply with these regulations, or to try to take advantage of certain exemptions allowed by the law, such as the low-value goods exemption. As these regulations (and related regulations in the United States) are complex, effectively addressing their consequences will require market participants to take a detail-oriented and proactive approach. In the short term, various forces, including these regulations, appear to be driving on-shoring and decoupling of production: multiple Japanese and foreign parties are already investing billions in new semiconductor production in Japan.
Semiconductors, Japan, Export Control, Chips, Control List, Lithography, Plurilateral Agreements
Article: Annulment of Anti-dumping/Anti-subsidy Measures Imposed in Threat of Injury Investigations: Impact on Customs Cases in the European Union
Authors: Dascalescu Florin 
Published: April 2024

Based on anti-dumping (AD) and anti-subsidy (AS) rules within the World Trade Organization (WTO), WTO members are fully entitled to take action unilaterally when ‘unfair’ imports (dumped or subsidized) cause injury to the domestic producers. In the European Union (EU), the imposition of AD and countervailing duties are based on Regulation 2016/1036 and Regulation 2016/1037, respectively, which mirror the WTO standards. The cumulative conditions for the imposition of AD or AS measures under the WTO rules are similar: 1) the existence of dumping or, respectively subsidization; (2) material injury; and (3) the nexus between dumped/subsidized imports and the damage inflicted to the domestic industry. The threat of injury claim forms the basis of a preventive mechanism that prompts the national investigating authorities to preemptively act before actual material injury is inflicted on the domestic industry. While the logic behind is that corrective measures shall be imposed before the damage is inflicted to the domestic industry, such ex-ante injury analysis remains complex and prone to errors. These errors, which are more susceptible to occur in a prospective analysis than in a ‘classic’ actual material injury one, may impact not only the exporting producers in the main AD/AS procedures, but also the rights of importers to subsequently challenge the validity of the protective measures via national courts, if they have locus standi. The author aims at examining the impact that the annulment of AD and AS measures based on a threat of injury claim may have on the national customs cases, in particular as regards the recovery of the duties paid by the EU importers.
WTO, anti-dumping investigation, anti-subsidy investigation, countervailing measures, material injury, threat of injury, customs proceedings, recovery of duties, locus standi
The orientation towards the teaching profession and its relationship to classroom management among students applying to the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Babylon
Authors: Mortada Ali Shaalan  
Published: April 2024

تكمن اهمية البحث ان لتحقيق الإنجازات الكبيرة التي تحفظ الأمم والشعوب مراكزها بين الأمم إن الطلاب المطبقين هم مشروع اساتذة من معلمين ومدرسين الذين هم صانعوا المستقبل ان مشكلة البحث تكمن مشكلة البحث في ان الطلاب المطبقين في المدارس ومن خلال ملاحظه الباحث للطلاب في فترة التطبيق وجد لدى بعض المطبقين لديهم ضعف في ادارة الصف ، وكذلك في اتجاهاتهم نحو درس التربية الرياضية وهذا ما يؤثر على اداء او ادارة الصف وهي احدى النقاط التي يركز عليها المشرفين في تقويم الطلاب المطبقين في المدارس ويهدف البحث الى إعداد المقياسين والتعرف على واقع كل منهما وإيجاد العلاقة بين الاتجاه نحو مهنة التدريس وادارة الصف للطلاب المطبقين في المدارس وان فرض البحث ان هناك علاقة بين الاتجاه نحو مهنة التدريس و أدارة الصف للطلاب المطبقين في المدارس و تحدد مجتمع البحث بطلاب المرحلة الرابعة في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة جامعة بابل والبالغ عددهم (120( طالب ، أي استخدام الحصر الشامل أي تم اختيار المجتمع بالكامل ليمثلوا عينة البحث ، والعينة الاستطلاعية من نفس عينة البحث بواقع (20) طالب تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية وان من استنتاجات البحث هي وجود علاقة طردية معنوية بين الاتجاه نحو مهنة التدريس وادارة الصف للطلاب المطبقين من كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة جامعة بابل وكانت التوصيات توضيح أهمية التربية الرياضية في حياة الطلاب وما لها من دور في تعزيز اتجاهاتهم نحو تدريس التربية الرياضية من خلال دور التدريسين والمشرف على التطبيق لرفع عامل الاتجاه نحو مهنة التدريس وتطوير مستواهم الرياضي والتأكيد على ضرورة الاهتمام بالجانب النفسي للطلاب المطبقين كونه تؤثر على ادائهم المهني وبذلك يتحقق الهدف الرابع من اهداف التمية المستدامة وهو ضمان التعليم الجيد المنصف والشامل للجميع وتعزيز فرص التعليم مدى الحياة للجميع وتطوير المهارات المستقبلية للتدريسين وبالتالي يصب في خدمة العملية التعليمية .
Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Pada Kebebasan Berpendapat/Bereksperesi dalam Negara Demokrasi di Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuni Rizki , Sharfina Desiandri Yati 
Published: April 2024

Hak Asasi Manusia adalah Hak Manusia yang melekat, ada sejak lahir, menjadi hak milik pribadi, dan dijamin oleh negara untuk perlindungannya untuk seluruh warga negara Indonesia, sehingga tidak ada seorangpun yang dapat diganggu gugat. Hal ini mencakup kebebasan berpendapat lisan dan verbal. Hal itu tertuang didalam UUD 1945 mengenai Hak Asasi Manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperjelas hak dan kedudukan Hak Asasi Manusia dan kebebasan berpendapat dalam UUD 1945 Terhadap Negara Demokrasi di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library study),yang merupakan metode pendekatan Yuridis normatif dalam penelitian hukum atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan, yaitu pendekatan yang menetapkan aturan-aturan hukum sebagai ketentuan dan berlandaskan pada hukum dasar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah mengenai kebebasan berpendapat dalam Negara Demokrasi di Indonesia yang diatur dalam undang-undang UUD 1945, yaitu hak untuk berpendapat, menyatakan pendapat, dan membuat serikat(UUD 1945 Pasal 28 E, F), yang menunjukkan bahwa kebebasan berpendapat adalah hak untuk berpendapat dan menyatakan pendapat. Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia tertuang dalam Pasal 14, 23, 24 dan 25. Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 1998 menegaskan bahwa kebebasan berpendapat merupakan hak dasar dalam kehidupan yang dijamin dan dilindungi oleh Negara. Saat ini, kebebasan berpendapat terkadang hanya diberikan sebagai respons terhadap kritik membangun dari masyarakat umum, namun kebebasan berpendapat, baik lisan maupun tulisan, seringkali dibatasi di ruang publik.
Design and research of a new type of electromagnetic vacuum circuit breaker
Authors: Xu Lili , Yu Yuting , Chen Chunmian 
Published: April 2024

The vacuum circuit breaker is the main switch of electric locomotive, controlling the on and off of the main circuit of electric locomotive. Existing vacuum circuit breaker of electric locomotives generally the air-driven, electromagnetic retention, this vacuum circuit breaker structure is simple and stable performance is high, but large mass, high air tightness requirements, the shortcomings of the noise. The design of this design according to the actual situation of electric locomotives, the design of a vacuum circuit breaker does not require compressed air drive, electronic control of mechanical manipulation mode of the circuit breaker, the new vacuum circuit breaker using electromagnet drive device to realize the vacuum circuit breaker opening and closing operation, while increasing the energy storage device for the vacuum circuit breaker closing operation to provide the necessary energy. This new type of electromagnetic vacuum circuit breaker has the characteristics of small size, simple structure, low cost and high reliability performance.