bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrogen‐mediated activation of non‐genomic pathway improves macrophages cytokine production following trauma‐hemorrhage
Authors: Suzuki Takao , Yu Huang‐Ping , Hsieh Ya‐Ching , Choudhry Mashkoor A. , Bland Kirby I. , Chaudry Irshad H. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractAlthough 17β‐estradiol (E2) attenuates the alterations in Kupffer cells and splenic macrophages (MΦ) cytokine production following trauma‐hemorrhage, the mechanism by which this occurs remains unknown. Utilizing a cell‐impermeable E2 conjugated with BSA (E2‐BSA), we examined the non‐genomic effects of E2 on the above two cell population cytokine production, MAPK and transcription factors activation following trauma‐hemorrhage. Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent trauma‐hemorrhage (mean BP 40 mmHg for 90 min, then resuscitation). E2, E2‐BSA (1 mg/kg E2) with or without an estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI 182,780), or vehicle was administrated during resuscitation. Two hrs thereafter, Kupffer cells and SMΦ production of IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐10, activation of MAPK (p38, ERK‐1/2, and JNK), and transcription factors (NF‐κB and AP‐1) were determined. IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐10 productive capacity, MAPK, and transcription factors activation increased in Kupffer cells while they decreased in SMΦ following trauma‐hemorrhage. However, E2 administration normalized all of these alterations. Although E2‐BSA also attenuated the alterations in cytokine production/transcription factors, the values were higher in Kupffer cells and lower in SMΦ compared to shams. In contrast, E2‐BSA prevented trauma‐hemorrhage‐mediated changes in MAPK activation to the same extent as E2. Co‐administration of ICI 182,780 abolished E2‐BSA effects. Although some MAPK inhibitors suppressed cytokine production, the inhibitor effectiveness was dependent on cytokine, cell type and animal condition (trauma‐hemorrhage or sham). Thus, E2 effects on Kupffer cells and SMΦ cytokine production and transcription factors activation following trauma‐hemorrhage are mediated at least in part via non‐genomic pathway and these non‐genomic effects are likely mediated via MAPK pathways. J. Cell. Physiol. 214: 662–672, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HMGB1 is a bone‐active cytokine
Authors: Yang Jieping , Shah Rita , Robling Alexander G. , Templeton Evan , Yang Huan , Tracey Kevin J. , Bidwell Joseph P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHigh mobilitygroupbox 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin protein that acts as an immunomodulatory cytokine upon active release from myeloid cells. HMGB1 is also an alarmin, an endogenous molecule released by dying cells that acts to initiate tissue repair. We have previously reported that osteoclasts and osteoblasts release HMGB1 and release by the latter is regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), an agent of bone remodeling. A recent study suggests that HMGB1 acts as a chemotactic agent to osteoclasts and osteoblasts during endochondral ossification. To explore the potential impact of HMGB1 in the bone microenvironment and its mechanism of release by osseous cells, we characterized the effects of recombinant protein (rHMGB1) on multiple murine bone cell preparations that together exhibit the various cell phenotypes present in bone. We also inquired whether apoptotic bone cells release HMGB1. rHMGB1 enhanced the RANKL/OPG steady state mRNA ratio and dramatically augmented the release of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNFα) and interleukin‐6 (IL6) in osteoblastogenic bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) cultures but not in the calvarial‐derived MC3T3‐E1 cells. Interestingly, rHMGB1 promoted GSK‐3beta phosphorylation in MC3T3‐E1 cells but not in BMSCs. Apoptotic bone cells released HMGB1, including MLO‐Y4 osteocyte‐like cells. MLO‐Y4 release of HMGB1 was coincident with caspase‐3 cleavage. Furthermore, the anti‐apoptotic action of PTH on MC3T3‐E1 cells correlated with the observed decrease in HMGB1 release. Our data suggest that apoptotic bone cells release HMGB1, that within the marrow HMGB1 is a bone resorption signal, and that intramembraneous and endochondral osteoblasts exhibit differential responses to this cytokine. J. Cell. Physiol. 214: 730–739, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prenatal 3‐dimensional sonographic and MRI findings in omphalocele–exstrophy–imperforate anus–spinal defects complex
Authors: Chen Chih‐Ping , Chang Tung‐Yao , Liu Yu‐Peng , Tsai Fuu‐Jen , Chien Shu‐Chin , Tsao Chien‐Ming , Yang Hsiao‐Bai , Wang Wayseen 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe describe the second‐trimester 3D sonographic and MRI findings of omphalocele–exstrophy–imperforate anus–spinal defects (OEIS) complex. We suggest that fetal 3‐dimensional sonography with tomographic ultrasound imaging and MRI are useful adjuncts to conventional 2‐dimensional sonography in the prenatal diagnosis of OEIS complex. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008
Changes in liquid‐holding capacity, water distribution and microstructure during chill storage of smoked salmon
Authors: Løje Hanne , Jensen Kristina N , Hyldig Grethe , Nielsen Henrik H , Nielsen Jette 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND: During recent years, increases in liquid loss and soft texture in cold smoked salmon have been reported, possibly due to increased lipid content and a change in muscle structure. These problems can lead to downgrading of the product. This study aimed to investigate the influence of raw material composition and chill storage on quality parameters of cold smoked salmon.RESULTS: Initial smoked fish had a higher liquid‐holding capacity (LHC) than samples stored for 20 days. Large fish lost more liquid than small fish. The difference in LHC was consistent with a change in water distribution, which could indicate denaturation of muscle protein. Studies of the microstructure showed the influence of both processing and chill storage. An indication of lipid released from the cells was seen after 20 days of chill storage, which could be related to the reduced LHC at that time.CONCLUSION: Both raw material composition and chill storage affected the quality parameters of smoked salmon. This study has improved knowledge about the relationships between muscle structure, liquid‐holding properties and water distribution in smoked salmon. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
Left‐Sided microsatellite unstable colorectal cancers show less frequent methylation of hMLH1 and CpG island methylator phenotype than right‐sided ones
Authors: Tanaka Junichiro , Watanabe Toshiaki , Kanazawa Takamitsu , Tada Tomohiro , Kazama Yoshihiro , Tanaka Toshiaki , Nagawa Hirokazu 
Published: September 2007

AbstractCondensed abstractWe compared the methylation status of several loci between right‐sided and left‐sided colorectal cancers (CRCs). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first to report that left‐sided CRCs show significantly less frequent methylation at several loci and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) than right‐sided ones.Background and ObjectivesMSI CRC occurs in 10–20% of unselected series of patients with CRC. Somatic hMLH1 promoter methylation is reported to cause MSI in sporadic cases. Many researchers report that MSI CRCs are more frequently located in the right‐side colon than MSS CRCs. Though the number is very small, some MSI CRCs are located in the left‐side colorectum. We focused on the existence of left‐sided MSI CRCs and investigated whether they arise through hMLH1 methylation as they do in right‐sided ones.MethodsThirty‐eight sporadic MSI CRCs were included in the study. The methylation status of the promoter of hMLH1, p16, MINT1, 2 and 31 were examined and the proportions of methylated samples for each locus were compared.ResultsThe left‐sided group showed significantly less frequent methylation in hMLH1, p16, MINT1, 2 and 31. The frequency of CIMP+ samples in the left‐sided group was significantly lower than the right‐sided group.ConclusionsLeft‐sided MSI CRCs show significantly less frequent methylation of hMLH1. They also showed significantly less frequent occurrence of CIMP+ than right‐sided ones. It is possible that left‐sided MSI CRCs differ from the right‐sided ones in the way of acquiring MSI. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:611–618. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compartment syndrome of the leg associated with lithotomy position for cytoreductive surgery
Authors: Zappa Luis , Sugarbaker Paul H. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractBackgroundCompartment syndrome is seen in patients who have ischemic damage to muscle that is contained within a fascial compartment. A pathologic cycle is initiated when tissue injury produces swelling and compromises muscle perfusion. Patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy are required to be in the lithotomy position for many hours. Compartment syndrome can develop necessitating fasciotomy.MethodsIn a study of 473 operative procedures to perform cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy, eight patients required fasciotomy on an emergency basis to treat compartment syndrome and were recorded in a prospective database over a 4‐year time period.ResultsDuring the hospitalization five of the eight patients developed venous thrombotic complications. In order to prevent movement of the patient on the operating table during steep Trendelenburg position, shoulder braces were used in the subsequent 250 patients and no episodes of compartment syndrome occurred.ConclusionCompartment syndrome in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery may be related to changes in position on the operating table induced by steep Trendelenburg position. Minimizing this change in position has reduced the likelihood of developing Compartment syndrome. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:619–623. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Majorization and distances in trees
Authors: Dahl Geir 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe investigate distance vectors in trees and introduce a new center concept based on the notion of majorization and discuss relations to location theory. For a tree T and a vertex v ∈ T, we define the distance vector d(v,·) = (d(v,w) w ∈ T), where d(v,w) denotes the distance between v and a vertex w. We characterize whenever d(u,·) is weakly majorized by d(v,·) for adjacent vertices u and v. Moreover, we introduce a new center concept in trees, the majorization‐center, and relate this to known centers and the set of balance vertices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 50(4), 251–257 2007
An efficient linear programming solver for optimal filter synthesis
Authors: Ren Jihong , Greif Chen , Greenstreet Mark R. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWe consider the problem of l∞ optimal deconvolution arising in high data‐rate communication between integrated circuits. The optimal deconvolver can be found by solving a linear program for which we use Mehrotra's interior‐point approach. The critical step is solving the linear system for the normal equations in each iteration. We show that this linear system has a special block structure that can be exploited to obtain a fast solution technique whose overall computational cost depends mostly on the number of design variables, and only linearly on the number of constraints. Numerical experiments validate our findings and illustrate the merits of our approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
More on extremal ranks of the matrix expressions A − BX ± X*B* with statistical applications
Authors: Liu Yonghui , Tian Yongge 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThrough a Hermitian‐type (skew‐Hermitian‐type) singular value decomposition for pair of matrices (A, B) introduced by Zha (Linear Algebra Appl. 1996; 240:199–205), where A is Hermitian (skew‐Hermitian), we show how to find a Hermitian (skew‐Hermitian) matrix X such that the matrix expressions A − BX ± X*B* achieve their maximal and minimal possible ranks, respectively. For the consistent matrix equations BX ± X*B* = A, we give general solutions through the two kinds of generalized singular value decompositions. As applications to the general linear model {y, Xβ, σ2V}, we discuss the existence of a symmetric matrix G such that Gy is the weighted least‐squares estimator and the best linear unbiased estimator of Xβ, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multilevel Crout ILU preconditioner with pivoting and row permutation
Authors: Mayer Jan 
Published: September 2007

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new incomplete LU factorization using pivoting by columns and row permutation. Pivoting by columns helps to avoid small pivots and row permutation is used to promote sparsity. This factorization is used in a multilevel framework as a preconditioner for iterative methods for solving sparse linear systems. In most multilevel incomplete ILU factorization preconditioners, preprocessing (scaling and permutation of rows and columns of the coefficient matrix) results in further improvements. Numerical results illustrate that these preconditioners are suitable for a wide variety of applications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The character of power output from utility‐scale photovoltaic systems
Authors: Curtright Aimee E. , Apt Jay 
Published: September 2007

AbstractPower produced by utility‐scale solar photovoltaic (PV) systems has fluctuations on both short and long time scales. Power spectral density (PSD) analysis provides information on the character of these power fluctuations. Examination of the correlation and step size of the power output between several PV sites within a multi‐site system allows assessment of geographic diversification for addressing intermittency. Both techniques provide insight into the characteristics of firm power and/or demand response required to accommodate large‐scale PV deployment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and electrochemical behavior of linear oligo(ferrocenylsilane) and hyperbranched poly(ferrocenylsilane)
Authors: Huo Jia , Wang Li , Yu Hao‐Jie , Deng Li‐Bo , Zhou Jun‐Feng , Yang Qiang 
Published: September 2007

AbstractLinear oligo(ferrocenylsilane) and hyperbranched poly(ferrocenylsilane) (LOFS and HPFS) were synthesized by polycondensation of 1,1′‐dilithioferrocene (FcLi2) with dimethyldichlorosilane (Me2SiCl2) and FcLi2 with methyltrichlorosilane (MeSiCl3) in THF under different conditions, respectively. The electrochemical behaviors of LOFS and HPFS in different solvents, such as THF, CH2Cl2, and CHCl3, were investigated systematically by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV). The influences of the solvent, structure of polymer, and scan rate on electrochemical behavior of poly(ferrocenylsilane) solutions are discussed. It is found that ΔE1/2 decreases with the fall of solvent polarity apart from the solvent donor effect and increases with the increase of the acceptor number (AN) of the solvent. More interestingly, the structure of polymer imposes greatly on the interaction between ferrocene units. According to the result, the mechanism of stepwise oxidation of the ferrocene units was proposed, that is, the different conformations of polymers, attaching to electrode surface, before and after oxidized resulted in the stepwise oxidation of ferrocene groups along a chain. Kinetic parameters from CVs indicate that the electrode processes are controlled by both the electrode reaction and mass diffusion and the electrochemical irreversibility of poly(ferrocenylsilane) solutions may be ascribed to the lower electron exchange efficiency on the electrode surface. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2880–2889, 2007
Comparison of glass transition and interpretation on miscibility in blends of amorphous poly(vinyl methyl ether) with highly crystallizable versus less‐crystallizable polyesters
Authors: Chiang Wan‐Jing , Woo E. M. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractVarious phase behavior of blends of poly(vinyl ether)s with polyesters of two types (highly crystalline and less crystalline with different main‐chains) were examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy (OM). Effects of varying the main‐chain polarity of the constituent polyesters on the phase behavior of the blends were analyzed. Miscibility in PVME/polyester blends was found only in polyesters with backbone CH2/CO ratio = 3.5 to 7.0). Tg‐composition relationships for blends of PVME with highly crystalline polyesters (PBA, PHS) were found to differ significantly from those for PVME blends with less‐crystalline polyesters (PTA, PEAz). Crystallinity of highly crystalline polyester constituents in blends caused significant asymmetry in the Tg‐composition relationships, and induced positive deviation of blends' Tg above linearity; on the other hand, blends of PVME with less crystalline polyesters exhibit typical Fox or Gordon‐Taylor types of relationships. The χ parameters for the miscible blends were found to range from −0.17 to −0.33, reflecting generally weak interactions. Phase behavior was analyzed and compared among blends of PVME with rapidly crystallizing vs. less‐crystallizing polyesters, respectively. Effects of polyesters' crystallinity and structures on phase behavior of PVME/polyester blends are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2899–2911, 2007
Microcellular processing and relaxation of poly(ether ether ketone)
Authors: Wang Dong , Gao Hong , Jiang Wei , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe semicrystalline microcellular closed‐cell foams are prepared by a two‐stage batch foaming process from poly(ether ether ketone) and characterized by scanning electronic microscopy. It can be observed that there are two kinds of cells with obviously different cellular sizes in the same transect and the distribution of larger cells (about 7 μm) looks like sandwich. The effects of foaming temperatures and transfer times on the cellular sizes and cell densities of porous materials were discussed. Particular emphasis was given to the effects of crystalline on the microcellular morphology. The relaxation mechanism of microcellular materials was systemically investigated by dynamic mechanics analysis. A plain on the storage modulus curve before Tg was observed due to the densification of cells. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2890–2898, 2007
Thermorheological complexity of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) miscible polymer blend: Terminal and segmental levels
Authors: Es‐Haghi S. Shams , Yousefi A. A. , Oromiehie A. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractOscillatory shear rheometry data for a miscible blend of 20 wt % poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) shows breakdown of time–temperature superposition for this blend. A comparison between glass transition temperature which PMMA chains sense in the blend and effective glass transition temperature of this component indicates that, the Lodge–McLeish model can describe terminal dynamics of PMMA. In addition, terminal dynamics of PVDF chains in the blend is similar to that of its pure state in agreement with the mentioned model. At segmental level, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of four wholly amorphous blends suggests that cooperativity of molecular motions decreases upon addition of 30 and 40 wt % PVDF to PMMA. This behavior has been confirmed via calculation of degree of fragility which presumably is attributed to strong tendency of PVDF chains to self‐association rather than inter‐association with PMMA chains according to the FTIR results. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2860–2870, 2007
Templated nanostructured PS‐b‐PEO nanotubes
Authors: Chen Jiun‐Tai , Zhang Mingfu , Yang Ling , Collins Margaret , Parks Jim , Avallone Armando , Russell Thomas P. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractWith anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes as wetting templates, nanotubes of the cylinder‐forming polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene oxide) (PS‐b‐PEO) copolymer were generated. The PS‐b‐PEO solution was introduced into the cylindrical nanopores of an AAO membrane by capillary force and polymeric nanotubes formed after solvent evaporation. Because of the water solubility of the cylindrical PEO microdomains and the orientation of the cylindrical PEO microdomains with respect to the nanotube walls, the nanotubes were permeable to aqueous media. PS‐b‐PEO nanotubes were also prepared on the interior walls of amorphous carbon nanotubes (a‐CNTs). Because of the unique water permeability of the PEO microdomains, an avenue for functionalizing the interior of the a‐CNTs is enabled. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2912–2917, 2007
Vacancy–interstitial annihilation in titanomagnetite by thermal annealing
Authors: Walz F. , Brabers V. A. M. , Brabers J. H. V. J. , Kronmüller H. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the annealing kinetics of point defects giving rise – in the presence of Ti4+‐induced internal stresses – to pronounced, thermally activated magnetic after‐effects (MAEs) near 450, 200 and 65 K in single‐crystalline titanomagnetites Fe3–x –Δ Tix O4 of composition 0.1 < x < 0.3 and Δ < 0.005. These relaxation processes have been associated with reorientations of anisotropic point defect configurations of Ti4+‐bound octahedral (B‐site) vacancies (450 K), Fe2+ interstitials (200 K) and a specific mode of stress‐reducing electron hopping (65 K). In order to check the developed model conceptions, crystals have been systematically annealed and the induced variations of the MAE spectra carefully analysed with respect to the underlying defect kinetics. As an important result, the common recovery of the 450 K and 200 K MAEs, in one stage near T > 1000 K, yielded coincident kinetics of reaction order γ = 2 and recombination enthalpy Q = 2.45 ± 0.05 eV – as being compatible with bimolecular defect (vacancy) – anti‐defect (interstitial) recombination. The delayed recovery of the 65 K peak (at T ≥ 1100 K) points to a stress‐sensitive relaxation mechanism, being deactivated only with the final annihilation of stress‐producing anisotropic defects. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Surface chemical and electronic properties of plasma‐treated n‐type Al0.5Ga0.5N
Authors: Cao X. A. , Piao H. , Li J. , Lin J. Y. , Jiang H. X. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractThe effects of plasma treatment on the surface properties of Si‐doped Al0.5Ga0.5N were studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and metal contact measurements. Plasma treatment resulted in a N‐deficient nonstoichiometric AlGaN surface with an increased O concentration and large red shifts of photoelectron peaks. The red shifts remained after removal of the surface oxide, indicating a downward shift of the surface Fermi level as a result of ion‐induced compensating defects. Pre‐metal plasma treatment led to more rectifying electrical characteristics of Ti/Al/Ti/Au contacts. Current–voltage characterization at elevated temperatures revealed strong compensating effects of the plasma damage in Al0.5Ga0.5N even at 300 °C. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simple fabrication of nanoporous films on ZnO for enhanced light emission
Authors: Bang J. , Kim K. , Mok S. , Ren F. , Pearton S. J. , Baik K. H. , Kim S. H. , Kim J. , Shin K. 
Published: September 2007

AbstractHigh density nanoporous patterns were imprinted on bulk ZnO single‐crystal substrates. The nanostamps were prepared via replication from nanoporous anodized alumina. Using the nanoimprinting technique, nanopatterns were successfully transferred onto the ZnO surface. Here we demonstrate that the light emitting efficiency of ZnO is highly enhanced through the simple nano‐texturing. This simple method is applicable to any other light emitting diodes where the antireflective surface coating is desirable. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)