bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between folate‐metabolizing pathway polymorphism and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Kim Hee Nam , Lee Il‐Kwon , Kim Yeo‐Kyeoung , Tran Huong Thi Thanh , Yang Deok‐Hwan , Lee Je‐Jung , Shin Min–Ho , Park Kyeong‐Soo , Shin Myung‐Geun , Choi Jin‐Su , Kim Hyeoung‐Joon 
Published: December 2007

SummaryPolymorphisms in the genes coding folate‐metabolizing enzymes affect the risk of some forms of cancer. We investigated the association between these polymorphisms and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk in a population‐based study (583 cases and 1700 controls). The MTHFR 677TT and CT genotypes were associated with reduced risk for NHL [odds ratios (OR) = 0·79; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0·65–0·98 for 677CT and 0·61; 0·45–0·82 for 677TT] and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (OR = 0·68; 0·51–0·88 for 677CT; OR = 0·56; 0·38–0·83 for 677TT). The MTHFR 1298CC genotype was associated with increased risk for NHL (OR = 1·71; 1·07–2·75) and T‐cell lymphoma (OR = 3·05; 1·53‐6·11). The MTRR 66GG genotype was associated with increased risk for DLBCL (OR = 1·56; 1·03‐2·38) and the TYMS 2R2R genotype was associated with increased risk for T‐cell lymphoma (OR = 2·83; 1·33–6·01). Using subjects with 3RG3RG as a reference group, TYMS 2R2R was associated with increased risk for T‐cell lymphoma (OR = 2·46; 1·04–5·79). Interestingly, we observed a reduced association between the TYMS 2R3RG genotype and DLBCL (OR = 0·61; 0·38–0·99). These results suggest that MTHFR, MTRR and TYMS polymorphisms may play a significant role in the risk for NHL.
The value of georeferenced collection records for predicting patterns of mosquito species richness and endemism in the Neotropics
Authors: FOLEY DESMOND H. , WEITZMAN ANNA L. , MILLER SCOTT E. , FARAN MICHAEL E. , RUEDA LEOPOLDO M. , WILKERSON RICHARD C. 
Published: December 2007

Abstract 1. Determining large‐scale distribution patterns for mosquitoes could advance knowledge of global mosquito biogeography and inform decisions about where mosquito inventory needs are greatest.2. Over 43 000 georeferenced records are presented of identified and vouchered mosquitoes from collections undertaken between 1899 and 1982, from 1853 locations in 42 countries throughout the Neotropics. Of 492 species in the data set, 23% were only recorded from one location, and Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann is the most common species.3. A linear log–log species–area relationship was found for mosquito species number and country area. Chile had the lowest relative density of species and Trinidad‐Tobago the highest, followed by Panama and French Guiana.4. The potential distribution of species was predicted using an Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) approach. Anopheles species had the largest predicted species ranges, whereas species of Deinocerites and Wyeomyia had the smallest.5. Species richness was estimated for 1° grids and by summing predicted presence of species from ENM. These methods both showed areas of high species richness in French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad‐Tobago, and Colombia. Potential hotspots in endemicity included unsampled areas in Panama, French Guiana, Colombia, Belize, Venezuela, and Brazil.6. Argentina, The Bahamas, Bermuda, Bolivia, Cuba, and Peru were the most under‐represented countries in the database compared with known country species occurrence data. Analysis of species accumulation curves suggested patchiness in the distribution of data points, which may affect estimates of species richness.7. The data set is a first step towards the development of a global‐scale repository of georeferenced mosquito collection records.
Heat stress induces alkaline phosphatase activity and heat shock protein 25 expression in cultured pulp cells
Authors: Lee M.‐W. , Muramatsu T. , Uekusa T. , Lee J.‐H. , Shimono M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAim  To investigate the responses of cultured rat pulp cells to heat stress.Methodology  Pulp cells were obtained from rat incisors and cultured at 37 °C. The cells were cultured at 42 °C for 30 min and then cultured at 37 °C again. Morphology, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of heat shock protein 25 (HSP25) were investigated at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days following stimulation. As a control, the cells were maintained at 37 °C.Results  Although there were few cells of apoptosis immediately after heat stress, there were mitotic cells from day 1 after heat stress. ALP activity in the heat stress group significantly increased at days 7 and 14 compared with the control group (about 1.7‐fold, P < 0.01, Friedman test). HSP25 expression increased in both groups, with HSP25 in the heat stress group being expressed earlier than in the control group, and nuclear localization of HSP25 was observed at days 0 and 1 in heat‐stressed cells.Conclusion  These results suggest that heat stress not only induces HSP25 but also enhances ALP activity in pulp cells.
FSH and bFGF stimulate the production of glutathione in cultured rat Sertoli cells
Authors: Gualtieri Ariel F. , Mazzone Graciela L. , Rey Rodolfo A. , Schteingart Helena F. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryMigration of developing germ cells from the basal to the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium requires extensive tissue restructuring, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. Sertoli cells are involved in this process. Glutathione (GSH), produced by Sertoli cells, has an essential role in cell protection against oxidative stress. Intracellular GSH content is maintained by de novo synthesis, involving glutamate‐cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and modulatory (GCLM) subunits, and by recycling from oxidized GSH, catalysed by glutathione reductase (GR). To assess whether follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) modulate GSH production in Sertoli cells by regulating the expression of GCLC, GCLM and/or GR, we performed in vitro studies using rat Sertoli cells in primary culture. FSH and bFGF stimulation increased Sertoli cell GSH levels after 24 h incubation. The simultaneous addition of FSH and bFGF did not produce any further effect. GCLM expression was upregulated by FSH and bFGF 6 h. At 24 h, only the FSH‐mediated effect was still observed. FSH and bFGF also upregulated GR expression. In conclusion, our results show that FSH and bFGF increase GSH levels in Sertoli cells through stimulation of the de novo synthesis and recycling by upregulating GCLM and GR expression respectively. Therefore, protection of germ cells against oxidative stress seems to be regulated by hormones and germ cell‐released growth factors capable of influencing the production of Sertoli cell GSH.
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in a patient with inv ins (2;4)
Authors: Tzschach A. , Ramel C. , Kron A. , Seipel B. , Wüster C. , Cordes U. , Liehr T. , Hoeltzenbein M. , Menzel C. , Ropers H.‐H. , Ullmann R. , Kalscheuer V. , Decker J. , Steinberger D. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryWe report on a 30‐year‐old man with azoospermia, primary hypogonadism and minor dysmorphic features who carried a balanced insertional chromosome translocation inv ins (2p24;4q28.3q31.22)de novo. Molecular cytogenetic analyses of the chromosome breakpoints revealed the localization of the breakpoint in 4q28.3 between BACs RP11‐143E9 and RP11‐285A15, an interval that harbours the PCDH10 gene. In 4q31.22, a breakpoint‐spanning clone (RP11‐6L6) was identified which contains the genes LSM6 and SLC10A7. On chromosome 2, BACs RP11‐531P14 and RP11‐360O18 flank the breakpoint in 2p24, a region void of known genes. In conclusion, the chromosome aberration of this patient suggests a gene locus for primary hypogonadism in 2p24, 4q28.3 or 4q31.2, and three possible candidate genes (LSM6, SLC10A7 and PCDH10) were identified by breakpoint analyses.
Sensory evaluation of probiotic Minas fresh cheese with Lactobacillus acidophilus added solely or in co‐culture with a thermophilic starter culture
Authors: De Souza Cínthia H. B. , Buriti Flávia C. A. , Behrens Jorge H. , Saad Susana M. I. 
Published: December 2007

SummarySensory acceptance of formulations of probiotic Minas fresh cheese was investigated. Cheeses were prepared and supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus (T1 – probiotic), Lactobacillus acidophilus + Streptococcus thermophilus (T2 – probiotic + starter) or produced with no addition of cultures (T3 – control). Sensory acceptance tests were performed after 7 and 14 days of storage at 5 °C, using a 9‐point hedonic scale (1 = dislike extremely; 9 = like extremely). After 7 days, no significant difference was detected among cheeses T1, T2 and T3 (P > 0.05). After 14 days, cheeses T1 and T2 presented higher acceptance and differed significantly from cheeses T3. Cheeses T3 presented significant difference between 7 and 14 days of storage (P < 0.05), whereas probiotic cheeses T1 and T2 were stable in the same period (P > 0.05). The addition of L. acidophilus, either solely or in co‐culture with a thermophilic starter culture, resulted in good acceptance of Minas fresh cheese, improving sensory performance of the product during storage.
Analytical TEM study of annealed nanocrystalline cobalt–phosphorous electrodeposits
Authors: DA SILVA M. , KLEMENT U. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryInvestigation of thermal stability of two nanocrystalline Co–P alloys shows that P atoms segregate to the grain boundaries upon annealing until precipitation of Co2P and CoP precipitates takes place. The P‐rich precipitates formed have been investigated by analytical transmission electron microscopy to obtain statistical results of precipitate size, volume fraction and spatial distribution. Electron spectroscopic imaging maps show that the P‐rich precipitates are 33 ± 9 nm in Co–1.1at.%P and 33 ± 12 nm in Co–3.2at.%P. The main differences between the alloys are the precipitate size distribution (Co–3.2at.%P having broader distribution) and precipitate volume number density (Co–3.2at.%P has 1.8 times more precipitates than Co–1.1at.%P). The volume fraction of precipitates is 3.0% in Co–1.1at.%P and 4.4% in Co–1.1at.%P. Most of the precipitates are of nearly spherical or slightly elongated shape, and only a few have a platelet‐like shape as expected from previous tomographic atom probe measurements. Due to the truncation and projection effects, the composition of the precipitates could not be determined.
Evaluation of intragranular misorientation parameters measured by EBSD in a hot worked austenitic stainless steel
Authors: JORGE‐BADIOLA D. , IZA‐MENDIA A. , GUTIÉRREZ I. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryAn extensive characterization of hot deformed austenitic stainless steel was carried out using the electron backscatter diffraction technique. Special emphasis was given to the misorientation parameters related to different length scales. These parameters show a behaviour that is sensitive to the amount of applied strain and also lead to increasing values for both the strain and the scale length.At the same time, the use of different thresholds and scan steps in the evaluation of the parameters were analyzed in order to assess the validity of the results.
Morphological analyses of minute crystals by using stereo‐photogrammetric scanning electron microscopy and electron back‐scattered diffraction
Authors: KAMEDA JUN , INOGUCHI RYOICHI , PRIOR DAVID J. , KOGURE TOSHIHIRO 
Published: December 2007

SummaryWe present a new method for the morphological analyses of minute faceted crystals by combining stereo‐photogrammetric analysis of scanning electron microscope images and electron back‐scattered diffraction. Two scanning electron microscope images of the same crystal, recorded at different tilt angles of the specimen stage, are used to determine the orientations of crystal edges in a specimen‐fixed coordinate system. The edge orientations are converted to the indices [uvw] in the crystal system using the crystal orientation determined by electron back‐scattered diffraction analysis. The Miller indices of crystal facets are derived from the indices of the edges surrounding the facets. The method is applicable to very small crystal facets. The angular error, as derived from tests using a calcite crystal of known morphology, is a few degrees.To demonstrate the applicability of the method, the morphology of boehmite (γ‐AlOOH) precipitated from solution during the dissolution of anorthite was analyzed. The micrometre‐sized boehmite crystals are surrounded by two {010} basal facets and eight equivalent side facets that can be indexed equally well as {323}, {434} or {545}. We suggest that these side facets are in fact {111}, the morphology having been modified slightly (by a few degrees) by a small extension associated with opening along (010) microcleavage planes. Tiny {140} facets are also commonly observed.
Modular software platform for low‐dose electron microscopy and tomography
Authors: MARSH MICHAEL P. , CHANG JUAN T. , BOOTH CHRISTOPHER R. , LIANG NATHAN L. , SCHMID MICHAEL F. , CHIU WAH 
Published: December 2007

SummaryTransmission electron microscopy imaging protocols required by structural scientists vary widely and can be laborious without tailor‐made applications. We present here the jeol automated microscopy expert system (james) api integrator, a programming library for computer control of transmission electron microscopy operations and equipment. james has been implemented on JEOL microscopes with Gatan CCDs but is designed to be modular so it can be adapted to run on different microscopes and detectors. We have used the james api integrator to develop two applications for low‐dose digital imaging: james imaging application and the mr t tomographic imaging application. Both applications have been widely used within our NCRR‐supported Center for routine data collection and are now made available for public download.
Linking Millennium Cohort data to birth registration and hospital episode records
Authors: Hockley Christine , Quigley Maria A. , Hughes Gareth , Calderwood Lisa , Joshi Heather , Davidson Leslie L. 
Published: December 2007

SummaryThe Millennium Cohort Study of 18 818 UK babies born in 2000–02 interviewed parents when the baby was 9 months old. Time constraints on the interview limited the amount of health‐related questions that could be included. The aim of this study was to augment interview data with information from birth registrations and hospital records. It also provided an opportunity to assess the accuracy of the data acquired and parents' recall of the information on pregnancy and delivery. Deterministic and probabilistic matching were used to obtain information from birth registration and hospital records. Investigation into the accuracy of the matches obtained was undertaken. The records received were checked for range, consistency and completion.Birth registration data were obtained for 99% of those who gave consent. The number of additional variables gained ranged from six in Northern Ireland to 16 in Scotland. Hospital record data were obtained for 83% of those who gave consent. The additional general and maternity‐related variables gained ranged from 55 in Scotland to 76 in England. Completion of available health record variables ranged from 28% to 100% across all UK countries. Linkage to birth registration and hospital records in order to augment Millennium Cohort Study data with routinely collected data was successful. The variables gained by linkage have added considerable value to the cohort study and validated some of the mother's responses.
Regulation of the inflammatory immune response by the cytokine/chemokine network in amoebiasis
Authors: GARCÍA‐ZEPEDA E. A. , ROJAS‐LÓPEZ A. , ESQUIVEL‐VELÁZQUEZ M. , OSTOA‐SALOMA P. 
Published: December 2007

SUMMARY Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoa Entamoeba histolytica and persists as one of the leading parasitic diseases affecting millions worldwide. This parasite invades the intestinal mucosa, causing amoebic colitis and ulcers. It may also spread to other organs, mainly the liver, causing amoebic liver abscess (ALA). Current research efforts have focused on the development of specific diagnostic tests and animal models searching for a better understanding of the complex physiopathology of this disease. Analysis of the inflammatory immune response during intestinal amoebiasis in both human disease and animal murine models has revealed an important regulatory role for chemokines and cytokines. Recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells can also be modulated by specific protease‐mediated cleavage of cytokines and by secreted amoebic factors such as amoebapores and monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor (MLIF). Unlike intestinal amoebiasis, analysis of the immune response in ALA has mainly been done in the hamster model. This has limited our information regarding the immune response during this phase of the disease. However, even with these limitations, several Th1/2 cytokines, such as IL‐6 and IL‐4, and regulatory cytokines, like IL‐10 and TGFβ, have been associated to the development of this disease.
Dermatitis in a horse associated with the poultry mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)
Authors: Mignon Bernard , Losson Bertrand 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThis is the first documented case report of dermatitis associated with the poultry mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) in a horse. It occurred in a 16‐year‐old horse that was in contact with domestic hens. Clinical signs consisted of severe pruritus, with self‐induced hair loss mainly on the head. Despite the multiple skin scrapings performed during both day‐ and nighttime, mites were only isolated from the in‐contact poultry and from the horse's environment, and not the horse. The animal was treated using a 2% permethrin solution, sprayed on the entire body once a week for 4 weeks, and by decontamination of the horse's immediate environment. Although eradication of the mites and elimination of further contact between the horse and the poultry were not achievable, recurrence of dermatitis was prevented by regular applications of permethrin on the horse and biannual decontamination of the horse's stable.
Postharvest Infiltration of BTH Reduces Infection of Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L. cv. Tainong) by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Enhances Resistance Inducing Compounds
Authors: Zhu X. , Cao J. , Wang Q. , Jiang W. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractMango fruits (Mangifera indica L.) were treated by vacuum infiltration of 1.0 mm benzo‐(1,2,3)‐thiadiazole‐7‐carbothioic acid s‐methyl ester (BTH) after harvest. Seventy‐two hours after the treatment with BTH, the fruit were inoculated with 15 μl of conidial suspension of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (1 × 105 conidia/ml) and incubated at 13°C, 85–90% RH for disease development. Disease incidence and lesion diameter in mango fruit after the inoculation were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by the BTH treatment during the incubation. Peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase activities and total phenolic compounds content in the fruits were all enhanced by the BTH treatment during the incubation. The catalase activity in the fruit was inhibited, whereas the level of hydrogen peroxide was increased by the BTH treatment during the infection. These responses may be involved in the induced resistance against the pathogen infection in mango fruit by BTH treatment. Application of BTH in fruit possesses promising results in the control of postharvest diseases as an alternative to traditional methods.
New Japanese pediatric guidelines for the treatment and management of bronchial asthma
Authors: MORIKAWA AKIHIRO , NISHIMA SANKEI ,   THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Published: December 2007

AbstractThere have been a number of guidelines for asthma treatment published throughout the world. However, childhood asthma guidelines must be developed in consideration of the background of the individual countries. The second version of the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for the Treatment and Management of Bronchial Asthma 2002 (JPGL 2002) was published by the Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology (JSPACI) in November 2002, and was popular among Japanese physicians. After the publication of the JPGL, the incidence of pediatric asthma deaths decreased in Japan. In JPGL 2005 the recommendations were re‐edited based on Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and the JPGL 2002. In comparison to the GINA guidelines, the JPGL 2005 include a classification system of asthma severity, recommendations for long‐term management organized by age, a special mention of infantile asthma, and an emphasis on prevention and early intervention.
Effect of posture on creatinine clearance in late pregnancy and after pregnancy
Authors: Lohsiriwat Supatra , Imrittha Nathi 
Published: December 2007

AbstractAim:  To assess creatinine clearance that indicates glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and to demonstrate the effect of posture on creatinine clearance in late pregnancy compared to the non‐pregnant state.Methods:  Twenty‐six healthy pregnant women aged 19–30 years were studied for two sessions, first in their third trimester of pregnancy and then in a non‐pregnant state at 6–12 weeks after delivery. In both sessions, creatinine clearance was assessed at three periods: the 24‐h baseline, and at the end of 2‐h sitting and 2‐h lying (in left lateral decubitus position) periods. Urine and blood samples were collected for creatinine clearance measurement.Results:  The results showed that the 24‐h creatinine clearance in late pregnancy was 28.3% higher than that in the non‐pregnant state (122.6 ± 26.2 vs 95.3 ± 15.1 mL/min per 1.73 m2, P < 0.001). In late pregnancy, after 2‐h sitting, creatinine clearance decreased significantly (10%) compared to the 24‐h baseline (122.6 ± 26.2 vs 110.4 ± 28.6 mL/min per 1.73 m2, P < 0.001). Creatinine clearance rose back to the high baseline level after the pregnant woman laid in left lateral decubitus for 2 h. The decrease in creatinine clearance during prolonged sitting was not seen in the non‐pregnant state. At any posture, the creatinine clearance was always higher in the pregnant state than in the non‐pregnant.Conclusions:  This study showed that creatinine clearance in late pregnancy was much higher than in the non‐pregnant state, and was affected by sitting for up to 2 h. It might be wise for women to lay down in the left lateral decubitus position for a while after many hours of sitting when pregnancy is approaching its term.
Reproduction of the long‐tongued nectar bat Macroglossus minimus (Pteropodidae) in Brunei, Borneo
Authors: Kofron Christopher P. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe long‐tongued nectar bat Macroglossus minimus lagochilus (Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae) is a small fruit bat inhabiting South‐east Asia. Its reproduction was studied in Brunei, Borneo, where individuals were usually captured in rainforest (Ulu Temburong). Adult females (n = 23) had body masses of 13.0–19.0 g, with forelimbs 3.83–4.33 cm in length. All adult females were pregnant, with pregnancies observed during every month except May, September and November when no adult females were captured. Female M. minimus in Brunei have a reproductive cycle that is consistent with a pattern of seasonal bimodal polyoestry. Most births appear to occur from November to May, during which time females experience two births: the first centred around November and December, and the second centred around April and May. These two birth seasons appear correlated to the two seasons of greater rainfall in Brunei: October to December, and April to July. Oestrous and mating apparently occur soon after each birth; however, there appears to be a 2‐ to 3‐month period of delayed embryonic development following the births centred around April and May. The data are consistent with embryonic development commencing around July and August (after a delay) for the births centred around November and December, and around December and January for the births centred around April and May. The data suggest that all adult females participate in each breeding season. Adult males (n = 20) had body masses of 12.5–18.0 g, with forelimbs 3.91–4.26 cm in length.