bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LCM-RNAseq highlights intratumor heterogeneity and a lncRNA signature from archival tissues of GH-secreting PitNETs
Authors: Cis Luca , Nanni Simona , Gessi Marco , Bianchi Antonio , De Martino Sara , Pecci Valeria , Bonvissuto Davide , Carlino Angela , Giacò Luciano , Rindi Guido , Sette Claudio , Grassi Claudio , Gaetano Carlo , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Farsetti Antonella 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study explores the potential for hidden variations within seemingly uniform regions of growth hormone -secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (GH-PitNETs). We employed archived tissue samples using Laser Capture Microdissection Sequencing (LCM-RNAseq) to probe the molecular landscape of these tumors at a deeper level.
Methods
A customized protocol was developed to extract, process, and sequence small amounts of RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues derived from five patients with GH-secreting PitNETs and long-term follow-up (≥ 10 years). This approach ensured precise isolation of starting material of enough quality for subsequent sequencing.
Results
The LCM-RNAseq analysis revealed a surprising level of diversity within seemingly homogeneous tumor regions. Interestingly, the 30 most highly expressed genes included the well-known long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1. We further validated the levels of MALAT1 and of other tumor-associated lncRNAs using digital droplet PCR.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the potential of LCM-RNAseq to unlock hidden molecular diversity within archived pituitary tumor samples. By focusing on specific cell populations, we identified lncRNAs expressed at different levels within the tumors, potentially offering new insights into the complex biology of GH-secreting PitNETs. This evidence prompts further research into the role of lncRNAs in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor aggressiveness and personalized treatment strategies.
Using the role model approach to optimise caregiver administration of sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine amodiaquine to children aged 3–59 months in Burkina Faso, Chad and Togo: findings from an evaluation
Authors: Donovan Laura , Shafique Muhammad , Wharton-Smith Alexandra , Richardson Sol , Viganò Erica , Traore Adama , Compaoré Cheick , Tounaikok Narcisse , Beakgoube Honoré , Dingamtel Nodjiyam , Awokou Fantche , Sewu Essèboè , Tougri Gauthier , Diar Mahamat Saleh Issakha , Atcha-Oubou Tinah , Ward Charlotte , Baker Kevin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is a World Health Organization-recommended intervention for the prevention of malaria among children at high risk in areas with seasonal transmission. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, SMC drug distribution was rapidly adapted to reduce contact and mitigate the risk of transmission between communities and community distributors, with caregivers administering doses. To address the challenges and find local solutions to improve administration and adherence, the role model approach was designed, implemented and evaluated in selected communities of Burkina Faso, Chad and Togo. This paper describes the results of this evaluation.Methods Focus group discussions were held with primary caregivers in all three countries to understand their perceptions of the approach’s acceptability and feasibility. In Burkina Faso and Togo, household surveys assessed the characteristics of caregivers reached by role model activities. Key indicators on SMC coverage and adherence allowed for an assessment of caregiver engagement outcomes related to participation in activities. We tested statistical associations between participation in role model activities and caregiver beliefs related to SMC.Results The majority of caregivers believed the approach to have a positive effect on drug administration, with most adopting the promoted strategies. Greater involvement of fathers in drug administration and acknowledgement of their joint responsibility was a notable positive outcome. However, several barriers to participation were noted and there was criticism of the group approach. In Burkina Faso and Togo, end-of-round survey results revealed that 98.4% of respondents agreed the approach improved their knowledge and skills in malaria prevention, while 100% expressed a desire to continue practicing the behaviours learned. However, there was a relatively low level of awareness of the approach among communities. Participation was strongly associated with participants’ self-reported belief in ease of remembering to administer, and ease of administering, SMC medicines.Conclusion Caregivers perceived the role model approach to be beneficial in aiding drug administration, with other positive impacts also reported. Replication and scale-up should utilise the most popular communication channels and existing community structures to ensure activities are promoted effectively. A mixture of group and one-on-one approaches should be used where appropriate and feasible.
The prognosis effect of neck dissection and occult metastasis of cervical lymph nodes on CN0 parotid carcinoma and Clinical management
Authors: Ning Yudong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

0bjective To explore the prognosis effect of neck dissection and occult lymph node metastasis (OLNM) on clinically negative lymph node (CN0) parotid carcinoma (PC) and analyze risky factors of OLNM.
Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on CN0 PC patients who underwent initial surgery at the National Cancer Center of China from 2012 to 2022. Propensity score matching(PSM) and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve were used to compare the difference in progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival (OS) between no neck dissection cohort and neck dissection cohort, and between no neck lymph node metastasis cohort and neck lymph node metastasis cohort. The clinical factors related to OLNM in the neck dissection group were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results A total of 133/472 patients were CNO PC after initial surgery, including 75（56.4%） patients undergoing neck dissection, 20（26.7%） of whom were pathologically confirmed to have lymph node metastasis.There were no significant differences between no neck dissection cohort and neck dissection cohort and between no lymph node metastasis cohort and lymph node metastasis cohort on OS after PSM(P>0.05).There was no significant differences between no lymph node matastasis cohort and lymph node metastasis cohort on PFS after PSM(P=0.37).However ,neck dissection cohort had a better PFS than no neck dissection cohort after PSM(P=0.025).Poor differentiation was independent risky factor to OLNM for CNO PC (P=0.028).
Conclusion For CNO PC, preventive neck dissection may prolong PFS, although it does not improve OS. Patients with lower differentiation trend to develop occult metastasis, and neck dissection should be performed as appropriate.
Active Damage detection of LNG tank under Different Static Pressure Using Piezoelectric Sensors
Authors: Rekha Sabiha Ashtara , Hui Qian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tanks are a kind of large-scale equipment used to transfer LNG from storage worldwide. Due to the high pressure, different degrees of damage or leakage can occur on the tank's surface, resulting in both economic loss and harmful disasters to the surrounding environment and people. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor the health condition of the tank continuously. In this paper, a piezoelectric sensor-based active monitoring system was used to monitor the damage to the tank. The mechanical behavior of the LNG Type-C tank was analyzed under different static pressure stresses by finite element software to identify the damage location. Different lengthening cracks had been induced on the tank due to FE analysis results. In the experimental portion, two PZT patches were attached as sensors and actuators to the tank's surface at the same distance, and an active monitoring system was used to identify the different damage conditions. Wavelet packet-based analysis was performed to note the attenuation of the energy index when the signals pass through the crack. The results show that the signal changes its characteristics when a crack appears on the tank surfaces.
Learning to Learn: Fostering Intellectual Curiosity in Health Care Education
Authors: Weiss Jonathon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Curiosity has been theorized to be a primary driver of the master adaptive learner as it motivates students to identify knowledge gaps, engage in exploratory behavior, and participate in self-determined learning. Enabled with these necessary skills, health care students may succeed within a contemporary health care environment. There is currently a paucity of information regarding curiosity in health care education, particularly practical applications of cultivating curiosity in the classroom. The purpose of this research was to explore teaching and learning strategies health care educators use to foster intellectual curiosity and “learning to learn.” An exploratory, qualitative case study approach was used. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 multidisciplinary professional health care faculty to explore the questions of how and why teachers foster curiosity in the classroom. The data analysis was framed by Russell’s conceptual model of intellectual curiosity (2013) and Ryan and Deci’s self-determination theory (2000). The primary findings were that faculty appreciate their positive and negative effects on student curiosity and believe that diverse learners require diverse strategies to foster curiosity optimally. The most often cited general strategies were using mindfulness and reflection, establishing relevancy, creating a safe learning environment, and serving as a role model. Fifty specific strategies to cultivate curiosity are offered. Finally, faculty believe curiosity is crucial to providing optimal person-centered care. Providing optimal care serves as both a strategy and justification for improving curiosity. By capitalizing on curiosity, future health care providers will be better prepared to address future challenges through continual innovation.
Quantitative Analysis of the Changes of Retinal Blood Flow Density and Retinal Thickness in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy by OCTA
Authors: Wang Yue , Liu Ruibin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In our current study, we aim to quantitatively analyze the alterations in retinal BFD and retinal thickness in patients with diabetic retinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We analyzed retinal blood flow density (BFD) and thickness in 60 diabetic retinopathy patients using OCTA, comparing them with 60 healthy individuals. Results showed significant lower retinal BFD in the observation group in both superficial and deep capillaries. The retinal thickness of the patients in the observation group was greater. the overall and paracentric concave of the BFD in the superficial capillary layer, the overall and paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of BFD in deep capillary layer, and the overall, central concave, paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of retinal thickness had a certain correlation with diabetic retinopathy. The overall, central concave, paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of the BFD in superficial and deep capillary layer and retinal thickness all had certain predictive values for diabetic retinopathy, and predictive values for the disease were indicated by AUC values ranging from 0.616 to 0.990 (p < 0.05). OCTA examination revealed a notable decrease in retinal BFD and increase in retinal thickness, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic tool for diabetic retinopathy.
Livelihood Support System Through Collection and Marketing of Minor Forest Products: A Socioeconomic Analysis
Authors: H jyothi , Nayak Mahantesh R , N Yamuna 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The research article investigates collection and marketing dynamics of Minor Forest Products (MFPs) by Siddi Tribes in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, focusing on Uttara Kannada and Belagavi districts. These MFPs, including honey, wax, shikakai, and others, are crucial for livelihoods of Siddi communities. The study explores economic and socio-economic conditions of Siddi Tribes, emphasizing their isolation and constraints in collection and marketing. Large-Sized Adivasi Multipurpose Co-operative Societies (LAMPS) play a key role in marketing of MFPs. Findings reveal variations in quantities collected and market rates over the years, providing insights into the economic dynamics of MFPs for Siddis. The study further compares incomes and employment generated from MFP collection with those derived from agriculture and allied activities. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, indicate that, while MFPs significantly contribute to the economy, their role is relatively smaller compared to agriculture. The constraint faced was analyzed by Garrett’s Ranking technique. The research underscores the need for nuanced policies that recognize the diverse economic activities within tribal communities, aiming to enhance market accessibility and value realization for MFPs. Strengthening co-operative societies, such as LAMPS, emerges as a strategic approach to empower tribal communities and foster inclusive development. In conclusion, the research provides a comprehensive understanding of the socio-economic intricacies of Siddi Tribes emphasizing the importance of MFPs in their livelihoods. The policy implications suggest avenues for sustainable forest management, market enhancement, and the strengthening of co-operative structures to ensure the well-being of Siddi communities and the preservation of ecological balance.
Detection of DDoS attacks in SDN with Siberian Tiger Optimization algorithm and deep learning
Authors: Al-Sarray Naseer Hameed Saadoon , Rahebi Javad , Demirhan Ayşe 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The Software-defined Networking (SDN) system plays a crucial role in efficiently overseeing the Internet network by segregating the control and data planes. In the SDN, the controller manages and determines the policy in sending data and setting the SDN switches. Despite the significant advantages, the SDN network has security challenges. DDoS attacks are the main challenge in SDN networks. DDoS attacks primarily target the SDN controller to disrupt network performance. Intrusion detection systems in SDN networks need confidential methods for message exchange and coordination of controllers so that they can exchange the blacklist of attacking addresses with each other. In this manuscript, we introduce an approach utilizing 1D CNN and LSTM networks for detecting attacks in the SDN network, incorporating blacklist information hidden in images. In the first stage, game theory and deep learning based on GAN are used to increase attack detection accuracy in each SDN controller to balance the data set. In the second stage, each controller uses 1D CNN to extract the primary features, and the Siberian tiger optimization (STO) algorithm is applied to enhance the efficiency of this deep learning network. In the third step, the STO algorithm selects the optimal features. Finally, the LSTM network classifies traffic by receiving the selected features. SDN controllers use image encryption to increase privacy and security for exchanging and sharing blacklists. The tests performed in Python and on datasets UNSW-NB15, CIC-IDS2017, and NSL-KDD are 99.49%, 99.86%, and 99.91%. The proposed method GAN-CL-STO demonstrates higher accuracy in detecting network attacks compared to the CNN-LSTM, HODNN+CRF, 1D CNN, PSO-1D CNN, and 1D CNN+BiLSTM methods. The suggested approach for identifying attacks in SDN is more accurate than WOA, HHO, and COA feature selection methods.
Wi-SensiNet: Through-Wall Human Activity Recognition Based on WiFi Sensing
Authors: Xiaoyi Fu , Chenlu Wang , Shenglin Li 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

With the advancement of Wi-Fi sensing technology, its significant benefits in convenient operation and privacy protection have become apparent, particularly in fields like smart homes, medical monitoring, and security surveillance, where the application prospects of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) technology are increasingly broad.
This study focuses on a novel approach to HAR using Wi-Fi Channel State Information (CSI), especially under complex conditions such as Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) paths and through-wall transmissions.
Traditionally, most research has concentrated on Line of Sight (LoS) path HAR, sensitive to environmental changes, while the NLoS path signals, especially through-wall signals, present unpredictability due to weak reflections caused by walls.
Addressing this issue, we propose Wi-SensiNet, an innovative deep learning-based method that combines the spatial feature extraction capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with the temporal sequence processing power of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory networks (BiLSTM).
This method also incorporates an attention mechanism to enhance the accuracy of human activity recognition in complex environments.
Wi-SensiNet is specially designed for through-wall settings, effectively handling the complexity of CSI data, and achieving accurate through-wall human activity detection.
In our experiments, we collected a through-wall CSI dataset comprising seven common activities, including running, sitting, standing, squatting, falling, punching, and walking, and verified Wi-SensiNet's average accuracy exceeded 99\% on the original test set.
These results not only demonstrate the model's robustness and high accuracy in handling HAR tasks in complex environments but also highlight the potential of CNN and BiLSTM working in tandem to enhance performance.
7β-estradiol protects esophageal epithelial injury against noxious refluxes-induced oxidative stress via SIRT3-MnSOD signaling
Authors: Wang Yanjuan , Chen Xiaosu , Chen Qi , Lin Lin , Jiang Liuqin , Tang Yurong , Jiang Ya , Ye Bixing 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Estrogen and oxidative stress are associated with reflux esophagitis (RE) and its underlying complications. It has been reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) protects the esophageal mucosa via its antioxidant properties. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) is a member of the Sirtuin family that protects against diseases related to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that E2 protects against esophageal epithelial injury induced by noxious refluxes by activating the SIRT3 signaling pathway. In human esophageal epithelial cells (Het-1A), acidic bile salts (BA/A) at a 200 µM concentration damaged the cell barrier function, which was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, E2 (200 nM) treatment reversed these findings. BA/A-induced ROS originated from mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, with mitochondrial ROS having a more significant impairing effect on cell barrier function. E2 treatment upregulated SIRT3 expression and activity, subsequently leading to manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) deacetylation and ROS downregulation under BA/A conditions. Moreover, the protective role of E2 was abolished by the inhibition of SIRT3. In addition, E2 upregulated SIRT3 expression via ERβ. Rats were successfully subjected to an esophagoduodenostomy operation and subsequently treated with or without E2 ex vitro. The results showed an increased SIRT3 expression, decreased MnSOD acetylation, and upregulated ERβ expression. Our research demonstrates that E2 treatment protects against esophageal epithelial injury by reducing BA/A-induced oxidative stress by activating the ERβ-SIRT3-MnSOD signaling pathway.
Acaricide effect of native and exotic plants from the Brazilian savanna on Rhipicephalus microplus-resistant ticks with notes on the acaricide resistance of tick populations collected in southeast Brazil
Authors: Zaldivar Maykelin Fuentes , Bastianetto Eduardo , Filho Adalberto Alves Pereira , Rodrigues Daniel Sobreira , Júnior Valdo Soares Martins , Vasconcelos Viviane Oliveira , Duarte Eduardo Robson , Araujo Ricardo Nascimento 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Rhipicephalus microplus is among the most important ectoparasites for livestock. The use of chemical acaricides has raised some concerns due to the selection of tick populations that are resistant to acaricides and environmental contamination. Therefore, plant extracts have been used as alternatives for the treatment of animals infested with ticks. In this study, R. microplus populations from seven different dairy farms were collected and assessed for their resistance to acaricides. Larvae of the most resistant population was used in assays to evaluate the acaricide effect of extracts from leaves or the latex of eight plant species commonly found in Brazilian dairy farms. The most active extracts were also tested against fully engorged females. Among seven tick populations, five and three showed resistance level ≥ III for cypermethrin or trichlorfon, respectively. The most resistant population was used in mortality assays with the plants Piptadenia viridiflora, Annona crassiflora, Caryocar brasiliense, Ximenia americana, Schinopsis brasilienses, Mangifera indica, Tithonia diversifolia, and Calotropis procera. C. procera was the most effective against larvae with mortalities of 62.9 and 44.9% at 100 mg/mL with the latex and aqueous extract, respectively. The ethanolic extracts of C. brasiliense, S. brasilienses, and X. americana also had acaricide effects higher or similar to cypermethrin. When fully engorged females were tested, the aqueous extract of C. procera showed a 96.8% efficiency. Four of the plants tested showed promising results, and further studies should be carried out for the development of tools to control R. microplus in cattle.
The Variation of Passenger Loading within the Train and over the Time
Authors: Li Hule , Fujiyama Taku 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

To utilize the existing railroad transportation to solve the congestion problem, more knowledge is needed about the variation of passengers in the coaches. This study investigates passenger variation in coaches based on data from trains arriving at London Bridge station on three selected routes, Hayes, Bexleyheath and Sidcup. Specifically, the variation in coach loading with time and other factors were analyzed. These factors were also analyzed by linear and polynomial regression. According to the results of the data processing, the passenger loading variation is more closely related to the relationship between the station and the loading mean difference of the loading of the adjacent stations, while the factor of the time to arrive London Bridge Station from the originating station, is not necessarily related to the variation of the coach loading. The knowledge gained examines the variation of coach passengers and will be useful in designing railway stations and planning their operation.