bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening and functional validation of the core detoxification genes conferring broad‐spectrum response to insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Lu Zhihui , Lu Kai , Li Yahong , Xiao Tianxiang , Zhou Zhonglin , Chen Yaping , Liu Jianhui , Sun Zhongxiang , Gui Furong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundFall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a formidable agricultural pest, has developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides. However, how S. frugiperda utilizes its limited energy and resources to deal with various insecticides remains largely unexplored.ResultsWe utilized transcriptome sequencing to decipher the broad‐spectrum adaptation mechanism of S. frugiperda to eight insecticides with distinct modes‐of‐action. Analysis of the Venn diagram revealed that 1014 upregulated genes and 778 downregulated genes were present in S. frugiperda treated with at least five different insecticides, compared to the control group. Exposure to various insecticides led to the significant upregulation of eight cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), four UDP glucosyltransferases (UGTs), two glutathione‐S‐transferases (GSTs) and two ATP‐binding cassette transporters (ABCs). Among them, the sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 genes were demonstrated to respond to stress from six different insecticides in S. frugiperda, as evidenced by RNA interference and toxicity bioassays. Furthermore, homology modeling and molecular docking analyses showed that sfCYP340AD3 and sfCYP4G74 possess strong binding affinities to a variety of insecticides.ConclusionCollectively, these findings showed that S. frugiperda utilizes a battery of core detoxification genes to cope with the exposure of synthetic insecticides. This study also sheds light on the identification of efficient insecticidal targets gene and the development of resistance management strategies in S. frugiperda, thereby facilitating the sustainable control of this serious pest. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Copula‐based Bayesian reliability assessment for series systems
Authors: Octavina  , Lin Shi‐Woei , Yeh Ruey Huei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBayesian reliability assessment plays an integral role in determining the success of product development and deployment into the market, especially when limited information is available to estimate the reliability of products. Nevertheless, the Bayesian reliability approach has untapped research potential when it is used to evaluate systems consisting of dependent components, that is, a situation that reflects real‐world conditions. This study addresses the research gap by applying a copula to encode the dependency structure between the failure rates of the components, particularly for the simple series systems. Unfortunately, this study found that Bayesian aggregation error still occurs when information is used at different levels. By employing Monte Carlo simulation and classification tree learning, this study also investigates the key factors affecting such error over a wide range of possible scenarios and derives useful guidelines for reliability practitioners so that they can choose a more suitable analysis under certain circumstances.
Effectiveness of Sequential Lines of Biologic and Targeted Small Molecule Drugs in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gollins Charlotte E. , Vincent Rosie , Fahy Caoimhe , McHugh Neil , Tillett William 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
To assess current evidence of effectiveness of sequential lines of biologic and targeted small molecule drugs for psoriasis beyond first line. A systematic search of the literature (Medline, Embase and bibliographic) was undertaken in October and December 2022 to find all studies assessing effectiveness of biologics and targeted small molecules when used beyond first-line in adults with psoriasis (PROSPERO CRD42022365298). Data extraction and a bias assessment (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions/Cochrane RoB2) were undertaken for all included studies. A random effects proportional meta-analysis was undertaken for PASI75/90/100 at 12–16 weeks for each line of treatment (1st to 4th). Of 2666 abstracts identified, a full text review was undertaken of 177 studies; 20 manuscripts met eligibility criteria. Twenty studies were included in the analysis: 19 observational studies and one sub analysis of a RCT; n = 6495 (average age 49.7 years, female 35.1%). Eleven studies assessed second line biologic, nine assessed third + line. A meta-analysis of PASI75 at 12–16 weeks found pooled effect percentage achieving PASI75 of 61%, 56%, 79% and 61% in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th line biologics respectively. Meta-analyses of PASI90/100 also found no evidence of diminished effectiveness with sequential lines (PASI90 46.1%, 39.9%, 55.8% and 33.7% and PASI100 36.7%, 30.3%, 46.7% and 30.4% in 1st to 4th line respectively). Available evidence for effectiveness of biologics beyond first line in psoriasis is predominantly observational, at high risk of bias and of low quality. There is very limited data for effectiveness beyond second line. Evidence indicates that biologics can be effective to fourth-line.
Modulating H‐bond Strength to Enhance Reactivity for Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates with Tetrabutylammonium Iodide‐based Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Lu Bo , Chu Fuhao , Zhao Guiyi , Zhu Zhiguo , Su Ting , Yang Kaixuan , Chen Chen , Lü Hongying 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeveloping a highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalytic system for CO2 cycloaddition reactions is an attractive way to achieve carbon neutrality. In this work, tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were used to produce novel deep eutectic solvents (DESs), which could serve as both solvents and catalysts, displaying excellent activity to synthesis styrene carbonates from CO2 and styrene oxide under metal‐free, cocatalyst‐free, solvent‐free and mild conditions. A detailed study was undertaken on the effects of reaction parameters, recyclability, and substrate scope. Additionally, the H‐bond interaction between the substrate and TBAI/PEG200 was thoroughly investigated using FT‐IR and 1H NMR techniques. The synergistic interaction between the two components of the DES, TBAI, and PEG200, may be the key to the high catalytic activity of this system. The tetrabutylammonium iodide‐based system is an innovative strategy for the CO2 cycloaddition with epoxides, achieved by elaborately devising the H‐bonds of DESs to enhance reactivity. This provides a novel green strategy for potential industrial applications.
Novel High‐Performance Glyoxylate Derivative‐Based Photoinitiators for Free Radical Photopolymerization and 3D Printing with Visible LED
Authors: Gao Tong , Zhang Yijun , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Graff Bernadette , Zhang Jing , Xiao Pu , Dumur Frédéric , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInvestigations concerning the glyoxylate moiety as a photocleavable functional group for visible light photoinitiators, particularly in the initiation of free radical photopolymerization remain limited. This study introduces nine innovative carbazole‐based ethyl glyoxylate derivatives (CEGs), which are synthesized and found to exhibit excellent photoinitiation abilities as monocomponent photoinitiating systems. Notably, these structures demonstrate robust absorption in the near‐UV/visible range, surpassing the commercial photoinitiators. Moreover, the newly developed glyoxylate derivatives show higher acrylate function conversions compared to a benchmark photoinitiator (MBF) in free radical photopolymerization. Elucidation of the photoinitiation mechanism of CEGs is achieved through a comprehensive analysis involving the decarboxylation reaction and electron spin resonance spin trapping. Furthermore, their practical utility is confirmed during direct laser writing and 3D printing processes, enabling the successful fabrication of 3D printed objects. This study introduces pioneering concepts and effective strategies in the molecular design of novel photoinitiators, showcasing their potential for highly advantageous applications in 3D printing.
Pathogen‐binding nanoparticles to inhibit host cell infection by heparan sulfate and sialic acid dependent viruses and protozoan parasites
Authors: Najer Adrian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobal health faces an immense burden from infectious diseases caused by viruses and intracellular protozoan parasites such as the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) and malaria, respectively. These pathogens propagate through the infection of human host cells. The first stage of this host cell infection mechanism is cell attachment, which typically involves interactions between the infectious agent and surface components on the host cell membranes, specifically heparan sulfate (HS) and/or sialic acid (SA). Hence, nanoparticles (NPs) which contain or mimic HS/SA that can directly bind to the pathogen surface and inhibit cell infection are emerging as potential candidates for an alternative anti‐infection therapeutic strategy. These NPs can be prepared from metals, soft matter (lipid, polymer, and dendrimer), DNA, and carbon‐based materials among others and can be designed to include aspects of multivalency, broad‐spectrum activity, biocidal mechanisms, and multifunctionality. This review provides an overview of such anti‐pathogen nanomedicines beyond drug delivery. Nanoscale inhibitors acting against viruses and obligate intracellular protozoan parasites are discussed. In the future, the availability of broadly applicable nanotherapeutics would allow early tackling of existing and upcoming viral diseases. Invasion inhibitory NPs could also provide urgently needed effective treatments for protozoan parasitic infections.
NanoLocz: Image Analysis Platform for AFM, High‐Speed AFM, and Localization AFM
Authors: Heath George R. , Micklethwaite Emily , Storer Tabitha M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM), High‐Speed AFM (HS‐AFM) simulation AFM, and Localization AFM (LAFM) enable the study of molecules and surfaces with increasingly higher spatiotemporal resolution. However, effective and rapid analysis of the images and movies produced by these techniques can be challenging, often requiring the use of multiple image processing software applications and scripts. Here, NanoLocz, an open‐source solution that offers advanced analysis capabilities for the AFM community, is presented. Integration and continued development of AFM analysis tools is essential to improve access to data, increase throughput, and open new analysis opportunities. NanoLocz efficiently leverages the rich data AFM has to offer by incorporating and combining existing and newly developed analysis methods for AFM, HS‐AFM, simulation AFM, and LAFM seamlessly. It facilitates and streamlines AFM analysis workflows from import of raw data, through to various analysis workflows. Here, the study demonstrates the capabilities of NanoLocz and the new methods it enables including single‐molecule LAFM, time‐resolved LAFM, and simulation LAFM.
Ultrafast Solid‐State Electrochemical Imprinting Utilizing Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Stamps for Static/Dynamic Structural Coloration and Letter Encryption
Authors: Yamazaki Katsuma , Tsuji Atsuki , Takizawa Masaru , Murata Junji 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMicro and nanopatterned surfaces hold potential for various applications, such as wettability control, antibiofouling, and optical components. However, conventional patterning processes are characterized by complexity, high costs, and environmental burdens because of the use of resists. Therefore, this paper proposes facile and ultrafast electrochemical imprinting employing a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) stamp for achieving micro and nanoscale patterning on Si surfaces. The solid‐state electrochemical process efficiently generates oxide and hydrated oxide (Si–OH) patterns within several seconds at room temperature in a dry ambient environment. The formed oxide pattern can be employed as an etching mask to prepare diffraction gratings with diverse high‐resolution (≈100 nm) patterns utilizing the dry PEM stamp. The resulting oxide pattern on the Si surface exhibits instantaneous structural coloration upon exposure to humid air, attributable to the formation of a water microdroplet array on the oxide pattern. The oxide pattern is successfully applied for dynamic diffraction grating and letter encryption. The proposed solid‐state electrochemical oxidation scheme based on a PEM stamp, which eliminates the need for liquid electrolyte and resist, represents a simple and ultrafast process with a time cost of a few seconds, characterized by low processing costs and environmental impact.
Ultrasound Effect on the Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation of Corn Starch, Molecular Structure, and Functional Properties of Obtained Starch Derivatives
Authors: Pietrzyk Sławomir , Dziadoń Magdalena , Królikowska Karolina , Pająk Paulina , Červenka Libor , Bulánek Roman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of ultrasound on the oxidation process of starch, molecular structure, and its functional properties. Corn starch is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide (with Cu(II) or Fe(II) ions as catalysts) in the ultrasound field. Changes in starch structure are identified based on determinations of the carboxyl, carbonyl groups, copper, iron content, molecular characterization by GPC, crystallinity, gelatinization characteristics, and surface area. Functional properties are determined based on analysis of color parameters, water binding capacity, solubility in water, and pasting characteristics. It is found that the effectiveness of the starch oxidation under ultrasound is affected by the presence and type of catalysts. The content of metal incorporated into starch during oxidation is approximately 15% lower when an ultrasound treatment is applied. When starch oxidation is assisted with ultrasound, the metal incorporation preferentially occurs in the pores and holes of the grain. Starches oxidized in the presence of Fe(II) and Cu(II) catalysts can be successfully used not only as thickeners in food industry but also as metal carriers in many industries.
Empowering mentor teachers for supervision through an online mentor training program
Authors: Mutlu‐Gülbak Gizem , Akcan Sumru 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study focused on the improvement of supervisory skills among mentor teachers in K‐12 who work with student teachers in an English language teaching program of an English‐medium state university in Istanbul, Turkey. The researchers explored how the mentor teachers' supervisory skills, namely observation and giving feedback, were improved after participating in an online mentor training program. The training program was designed based on Morrison et al.'s (2013) instructional design model and implemented for seven mentors during the practicum period. The program included mentoring tasks that asked mentor teachers to organize reciprocal observation sessions with the student teachers, followed by mutual feedback discussions. The researchers investigated the influence of the tasks through thematic analysis of the mentor teachers' reflection reports. The data showed that the tasks improved mentor teachers' understanding and practice of the supervision process and increased their awareness of their own teaching practices by promoting personal and professional growth. The results suggest that an online mentor training program may have the potential to empower mentor teachers both for their supervisory roles and ongoing professional development.
Decolonizing English in Higher Education: Global Englishes and TESOL as Opportunities or Barriers
Authors: Baker Will , Morán Panero Sonia , Álvarez Valencia José Aldemar , Alhasnawi Sami , Boonsuk Yusop , Ngo Phuong Le Hoang , Martínez‐Sánchez Maritza M. , Miranda Norbella , Ronzón‐Montiel Gloria J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnglish is core to HE (higher education) globally, with both HE and English seen as pathways to success for students. Yet, access to English is unequal and colonial ideologies associate English with Anglophone settings. Much of the research on English in HE has focused on elite institutions and students, while the majority of the world's HE students remain comparatively under‐researched. This paper reports on a mixed‐methods study of TESOL in five linguistically and socioculturally diverse HE settings in Colombia, Mexico, Iraq, Thailand, and Vietnam. The aims were to explore the roles and perceptions of English, TESOL, and other languages in policy and practice, (including multilingualism and Global Englishes) and how these related to processes of dis/empowerment and de/colonialization of HE. We sought to uncover the extent to which TESOL and English allowed or restricted access to opportunities of empowerment for different groups of students on their way to and through HE, and how English intersected with a range of dimensions of potential marginalization or privilege, particularly socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and rurality. We present findings from students through a questionnaire (n = 1820) and interviews with students, teachers, and administrators at each of the sites (n = 150).
Sustainable Soil Management and Soil Carbon Sequestration
Authors: Hannam Ian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractGlobally, food systems are associated with many unsustainable land use practices that lead to environmental damage such as greenhouse gas emissions, land degradation and biodiversity loss. Social issues, such as poor labour conditions, receive ever greater attention as farming has often been associated with practices that harm humans and society. From an economic standpoint, food systems need to be viable and resilient in order to allow operators in the food chain to make a living from their work. The importance of a global shift towards sustainable land use and food production has been commonly accepted for some time and there is an increasing interest by enterprises in the food and agriculture sector in assessing their sustainability performance. As the world has become increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of changing climate so too has the urgency to establish national and international guidelines and rules to acknowledge carbon management in agricultural supply chains and to improve the policy, strategic and legislative systems to manage soil carbon sequestration. An essential aspect of improved carbon management is legislation which has the ability to enable the development and implementation of soil organic carbon land management practices as sustainable soil standards.
Multimedia Conversations: Love and Lovesickness in Sixteenth-century Italian Single-sheet Prints
Authors: Kocsis Alexandra 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEngaging in a conversation with sixteenth-century prints, this chapter explores how particular Italian prints were designed to generate everyday conversations about love and lovesickness with the audience observing them. Through a close analysis of the images, but also the texts added to the pictures, the chapter shows the ways in which an envisioned narrator dissected the themes in classical allegories intended for display in private homes. Kocsis demonstrates how prints focusing on love engaged in a multisensorial conversation with the viewer.
Strategien des Entlassmanagements in deutschen Allgemeinkrankenhäusern
Authors: Marsall Matthias , Weigl Matthias , Schmiedhofer Martina , Blum Karl , Rösner Hannah , Strametz Reinhard , Gambashidze Nikoloz 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Sektorenübergreifende Übergänge aus der stationären Versorgung sind mit Risiken für die Patientensicherheit verbunden. Im Jahr 2017 wurde der Rahmenvertrag über das Entlassmanagement rechtlich verankert. Zur Umsetzung von Maßnahmen zur Gewährleistung sicherer Übergänge von Patient:innen nach stationärer Behandlung fehlen in Deutschland bisher empirische Daten. Ziel dieser Studie ist ein Überblick über die von deutschen Allgemeinkrankenhäusern umgesetzten Strategien des Entlassmanagements.

Methode
Zwischen März und Mai 2022 wurden in einer deutschlandweiten Befragung konkrete Strategien des Entlassmanagements sowie strukturelle und organisationsbezogene Merkmale von 401 Allgemeinkrankenhäusern erfasst und im Anschluss deskriptive Statistiken und Gruppenvergleiche durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
7 von 9 erfragten Strategien wurden in > 95 % der Häuser umgesetzt. Die Evaluation der Entlassungsplanung wurde nur in 61 % der Häuser umgesetzt, die systematische Dokumentation, Analyse und Evaluation der Wiederaufnahme in 54 %. Häuser mit einer höheren Anzahl Planbetten berichteten signifikant seltener über „frühzeitige Kontaktaufnahme mit Nachversorgenden“ und „Organisation des nahtlosen Übergangs in die Anschlussversorgung“.

Diskussion
Ein Großteil der Strategien im Entlassmanagement aus der stationären Behandlung wird in deutschen Allgemeinkrankenhäusern umgesetzt. Allerdings werden Maßnahmen zur Evaluation und systematischen Analyse von Entlassungsprozessen sowie Wiederaufnahmen von Patient:innen nur teilweise umgesetzt. Diese sind jedoch notwendig, um Entlassungsprozesse und Verbesserungspotenziale systematisch zu bewerten.
Digitale Mediennutzung und psychische Gesundheit bei Adoleszenten – eine narrative Übersicht
Authors: Paschke Kerstin , Thomasius Rainer 
Published: March 2024

ZusammenfassungChancen und Gefahren digitaler Medien, vor allem im Hinblick auf Kinder und Jugendliche, sind gegenwärtig häufiger Gegenstand von familiären, schulischen und gesellschaftlichen Debatten.Digitale Plattformen können die Bewältigung adoleszenter Entwicklungsaufgaben durch Spiele, sozialen Austausch, Kommunikation, Kontaktförderung, Lernen und Gesundheitsförderung unterstützen sowie zur Unterhaltung dienen. In Deutschland verfügen nahezu alle Jugendlichen über ein eigenes Smartphone. Während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde eine Intensivierung der Nutzung digitaler Spiele, sozialer Medien und Streaming-Angebote durch Adoleszente beobachtet. Der Kontakt mit altersunzensierten Inhalten wie die Darstellung von Gewalt, extremen politischen Ansichten und Verschwörungstheorien, aber auch persönliche Angriffe durch Cybermobbing, ungefilterte Kontaktanbahnungen, inkl. Cybergrooming, dysfunktionale Rollenvorbilder und suchtfördernde Aspekte gehen mit Gefahren für die psychische Gesundheit einher.Von Cybermobbing sind ca. 5 % der Kinder und Jugendlichen in Deutschland betroffen. Ein bidirektionaler Zusammenhang mit psychischer Gesundheit konnte gezeigt werden. Mit der Computerspielstörung ist die erste Digitale-Medien-Nutzungsstörung (DMNS) in die elfte Revision der Internationalen Klassifikation der Krankheiten (ICD-11) aufgenommen und damit als psychische Erkrankung international anerkannt worden. Adoleszente sind überproportional häufig betroffen und erfahren Beeinträchtigungen ihrer psychischen Entwicklung und ihres Funktionsniveaus.Zur Förderung adoleszenter gesunder Mediennutzung stehen Angebote zur Verfügung, deren Ausbau, strukturierte Anwendung und Evaluierung erforderlich sind. Evidenzbasierte Präventions- und Behandlungsoptionen von DMNS fehlen derzeit weitgehend. Ihre Entwicklung, Überprüfung und Verbreitung sollten weiter gefördert werden.