bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparisons of an automated oscillometric device with a hybrid manual auscultatory device for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Yu‐Mi , Park Sang Hyeon , Shin Jinho , Sung Ki‐Chul , Ihm Sang‐Hyun , Kim Seong Heon , Kim Dae‐Hee , Park Sang Min , Cho In Jeong , Oh Kyung Won , Lee Eun Mi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated an oscillometric device (OD), Microlife WatchBP Office AFIB, and a hybrid manual auscultatory device (AD), Greenlight 300TM, to determine a suitable blood pressure (BP) measurement device for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in a mercury‐free context. Adhering to the 2018 Universal Standard's suggested consensus, the study involved 800 subjects (mean age 51.2 ± 17.5 years; 44.3% male), who underwent triplicate BP measurements following 5 min of rest in a randomized order (OD‐first: 398 participants; AD‐first: 402 participants). BP difference was calculated as OD value minus AD value, with results stratified by measurement sequence. The overall BP difference and tolerable error probability were ‐1.1 ± 6.5/‐2.6 ± 4.9 mmHg and 89.2%/92.5% for systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP), respectively. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was 0.907/0.844 for SBP/DBP (OD‐first/AD‐first: 0.925/0.892 for SBP, 0.842/0.845 for DBP). The overall agreement for hypertension (BP ≥ 140 and/or 90 mmHg) was 0.71 (p < 0.0001), and the OD underestimated the overall hypertension prevalence by 5.1%. Analysis of the AD‐first data revealed a lower level of agreement compared to the OD‐first data; however, the observed blood pressure difference adhered to Criterion 1 of the 2018 Universal Standard. Microlife met the Criterion 1 of 2018 Universal Standard but underestimated the prevalence of hypertension. The BP discrepancy increased with higher BP levels, male sex, and smaller AC. With increasing age, the discrepancy decreased for SBP and increased for DBP.
ReThinking clinical reasoning: A paradigm shift
Authors: Monteiro Sandra , Keuhl Amy , Lee Mark , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have demonstrated that our healthcare systems and medical education programs are fundamentally flawed. In North America and Europe, most systems were built upon values and structures that have historically benefitted middle and upper class males of European descent in the global north. As a result, there continue to be systemic biases that are pervasive throughout our healthcare systems and medical education programs. This has led to inequities in health outcomes and clinical reasoning practices which marginalize several communities. These biases are perpetuated as we continue to lead medical education research and practice with traditional values and views of evidence. To address these issues, we proposed a ‘flipped’ conference in which three interdisciplinary writing teams, comprised of both junior and senior academics, clinicians, and researchers, were invited to rethink the foundations of clinical reasoning. In the months leading up to the conference, each writing team explored a specific topic related to clinical reasoning and racial equity. The papers, presented during the virtual conference are now available in this issue of the Journal for the Evaluation of Clinical Practice. In addition, 6 more publications were added to this special topic to showcase new evidence and theory that builds on the recommendations in the three core papers.
3D‐printed intracoronal restorations, occlusal and laminate veneers: Clinical relevance, properties, and behavior compared to milled restorations; a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alghauli Mohammed Ahmed , Alqutaibi Ahmed Yaseen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the feasibility of producing 3D‐printed intracoronal restorations, thin and ultrathin veneers, and to compare their mechanical behavior, accuracy, biological, and stain susceptibility to the currently applied milled restorations.Materials and MethodsThe databases were comprehensively searched for relevant records up to January 2024 without language restrictions. All studies that assessed 3D‐printed partial coverage restorations including inlays, onlays, laminate, and occlusal veneers were retrieved.ResultsThe web search yielded a total of 1142 records, with 8 additional records added from websites at a later stage. Only 17 records were ultimately included in the review. The included records compared 3D‐printed; alumina‐based‐ and zirconia ceramics, lithium disilicate ceramics, polymer infiltrated ceramics, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), resin composites, and acrylic resins to their CNC milled analogs. The pooled data indicated that it is possible to produce ultrathin restorations with a thickness of less than 0.2 mm. 3D‐printed laminate veneers and intracoronal restorations exhibited superior trueness, as well as better marginal and internal fit compared to milled restorations (p < 0.05). However, it should be noted that the choice of materials and preparation design may influence these outcomes. In terms of cost, the initial investment and production expenses associated with 3D printing were significantly lower than those of CNC milling technology. Additionally, 3D printing was also shown to be more time‐efficient.ConclusionsUsing additive manufacturing technology to produce restorations with a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 mm is indeed feasible. The high accuracy of these restorations, contributes to their ability to resist caries progression, surpassing the minimum clinical threshold load of failure by a significant margin and reliable adhesion. However, before 3D‐printed resin restorations can be widely adopted for clinical applications, further improvements are needed, particularly in terms of reducing their susceptibility to stains.Clinical Significance3D‐printed intracoronal restorations and veneers are more time and cost‐efficient, more accurate, and could provide a considerable alternative to the currently applied CNC milling. Some limitations still accompany the resin materials, but this could be overcome by further development of the materials and printing technology.
Dietary and quality‐of‐life outcomes of the FoodFix intervention for addictive eating: a short report
Authors: Collins Rebecca , Skinner Janelle , Leary Mark , Burrows Tracy L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundInterest in addictive eating continues to grow from both a research and clinical perspective. To date, dietary assessment alongside food addiction status is limited, with management options for addictive eating behaviours variable, given the overlap with myriad conditions. The aim of this study was to report the dietary intake and quality‐of‐life outcomes from a personality‐targeted motivational interviewing intervention delivered by dietitians using telehealth.MethodsThe study was conducted in adults exceeding their healthy‐weight range with symptoms of addictive eating, as defined by the Yale Food Addiction Scale. The 52 participants were randomised to either intervention or control, with 49 participants commencing the intervention. Individuals participated in the 3‐month, three‐session FoodFix interventions, with dietary outcomes assessed by the Australian Eating Survey and quality of life assessed using the SF‐36 at baseline and 3 months.ResultsThere were small‐to‐moderate effect sizes, specifically in the intervention group for decreased added sugar intake, increased protein intake, increased meat quality and increased vegetable servings per day. Six out of eight quality‐of‐life domains had small‐to‐moderate effect sizes.ConclusionsThis intervention has highlighted the need for further research in larger sample sizes to assess dietary behaviour change by those who self‐report addictive eating.
Transient loss of satiety effects of leptin in middle‐aged male mice
Authors: Khant Aung Zin , Ladyman Sharon R. , Brown Rosemary S. E. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExtensive research is undertaken in rodents to determine the mechanism underlying obesity‐induced leptin resistance. While body weight is generally tightly controlled in these studies, the effect of age of experimental animals has received less attention. Specifically, there has been little investigation into leptin regulation of food intake in middle‐aged animals, which is a period of particular relevance for weight gain in humans. We investigated whether the satiety effects of leptin remained constant in young (3 months), middle‐aged (12 months) or aged (18–22 months) male mice. Although mean body weight increased with age, leptin concentrations did not significantly increase in male mice beyond 12 months of age. Exogenous leptin administration led to a significant reduction in food intake in young mice but had no effect on food intake in middle‐aged male mice. This loss of the satiety effect of leptin appeared to be transient, with leptin administration leading to the greatest inhibition of food intake in the aged male mice. Subsequently, we investigated whether these differences were due to changes in leptin transport into the brain with ageing. No change in leptin clearance from the blood or transport into the brain was observed, suggesting the emergence of central resistance to leptin in middle age. These studies demonstrate the presence of dynamic and age‐specific changes in the satiety effects of leptin in male mice and highlight the requirement for age to be carefully considered when undertaking metabolic studies in rodents.
Lack of effect from genetic deletion of Hdac6 in a humanized mouse model of CMT2D
Authors: Tadenev Abigail L. D. , Hatton Courtney L. , Burgess Robert W. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundInhibition of HDAC6 has been proposed as a broadly applicable therapeutic strategy for Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT). Inhibition of HDAC6 increases the acetylation of proteins important in axonal trafficking, such as α‐tubulin and Miro, and has been shown to be efficacious in several preclinical studies using mouse models of CMT.AimsHere, we sought to expand on previous preclinical studies by testing the effect of genetic deletion of Hdac6 on mice carrying a humanized knockin allele of Gars1, a model of CMT‐type 2D.MethodsGars1ΔETAQ mice were bred to an Hdac6 knockout strain, and the resulting offspring were evaluated for clinically relevant outcomes.ResultsThe genetic deletion of Hdac6 increased α‐tubulin acetylation in the sciatic nerves of both wild‐type and Gars1ΔETAQ mice. However, when tested at 5 weeks of age, the Gars1ΔETAQ mice lacking Hdac6 showed no changes in body weight, muscle atrophy, grip strength or endurance, sciatic motor nerve conduction velocity, compound muscle action potential amplitude, or peripheral nerve histopathology compared to Gars1ΔETAQ mice with intact Hdac6.InterpretationOur results differ from those of two previous studies that demonstrated the benefit of the HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A in mouse models of CMT2D. While we cannot fully explain the different outcomes, our results offer a counterexample to the benefit of inhibiting HDAC6 in CMT2D, suggesting additional research is necessary.
Efficacy and tolerability of a depigmenting gel serum comprising tranexamic acid, niacinamide, 4‐butylresorcinol, phytic acid, and a mixture of hydroxy acids that targets the biological processes regulating skin melanogenesis
Authors: Furmanczyk Marta , Brown Anthony , Bustos Javier , de Henestrosa Antonio R. Fernández , Trullas Carles , Granger Corinne , Jourdan Eric 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe diverse causes of hyperpigmentation and complex nature of melanogenesis make it a challenge to manage. Current approaches either fail to deliver effective pigmentation control or have undesirable safety profiles that preclude their long‐term use.AimsTo evaluate the capacity of a cosmetic gel serum comprising tranexamic acid, niacinamide, 4‐butylresorcinol, phytic acid, and a mixture of hydroxy acids that was designed to target the biological processes regulating skin melanogenesis to attenuate melanin production in vitro and reduce hyperpigmentation clinically.MethodsCapacity to reduce melanin production in vitro was determined in melanocyte‐containing reconstructed human epidermis (RHEm). Clinical efficacy and skin tolerability following twice daily application were assessed in 35 subjects with slight to moderate facial hyperpigmentation by instrumental (VISIA®‐CR, Mexameter®) and clinical (mMASI, clinical score, IGA for hyperpigmentation) evaluation on D14, D28, D56, and D84. Maintenance of pigmentation control was followed up 1 month after cessation of treatment on D112.ResultsIn RHEm in vitro, melanin production was reduced by 50.0% from baseline (D0) on D14 (p < 0.001) and by 67.0% on D21 (p < 0.001). Clinical reductions from baseline in brown spots count (−9.0%; p < 0.05), brown spots area (−16.7%; p < 0.001), and the melanin index (−11.4%; p < 0.001) were observed within 14 days of use. Statistically significant improvements in all clinical parameters were achieved by D28. By the end of treatment on D84, the number and surface area of brown spots were reduced by 28.4% and 40.3% compared to D0, respectively (p < 0.001, both), the melanin index was reduced by 31.1% (p < 0.001), mMASI was reduced by 63.0% (p < 0.001), and skin luminosity was increased by 79.0% (p < 0.001). IGA was reduced from 2.3 on D0 to 1.3 on D84 (p < 0.001). Improvements to all these parameters were maintained until D112, 1 month after termination of treatment. The product also demonstrated very good skin tolerability.ConclusionA gel serum comprising tranexamic acid, niacinamide, 4‐butylresorcinol, and hydroxy acids, designed to target the biological processes regulating skin melanogenesis, demonstrates rapid, robust, and sustained pigmentation control in this cohort.
Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia spp. recovered from soil samples of the greenhouse tomato growing area of the West Mediterranean region, Türkiye
Authors: Eken Cafer , Demir Dudu , Uysal Gülsüm , Çalışkan Selda , Sevindik Emre , Çağlayan Kardelen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study's objective was to identify the anastomosis groups and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia species from soil samples in tomato production areas of Antalya, Burdur, and Isparta provinces in the West Mediterranean Region of Türkiye during the 2022 season. Soil samples were gathered from tomato plant rhizospheres in 223 different greenhouses, and isolations were done from the soil using the baiting technique. According to the results of morphological characterization and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal DNA, 47 Rhizoctonia isolates were defined as binucleate and 21 isolates as multinucleate. The collection of binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidium sp.) isolates included representatives of Anastomosis Group‐F (61.76%), AG‐A (1.47%), and an unidentified binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidium sp.) (5.88%). Multinucleate R. solani included AG 4 HG‐I (26.47%) and AG 4 HG‐II (4.41%). Pathogenicity tests showed statistically significant differences in virulence between binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidium sp.) isolates and multinucleate Rhizoctonia isolates. All R. solani AG 4 HG‐II isolates and most of the AG 4 HG‐I isolates were pathogenic, causing severe necrosis symptoms and damping off in tomato seedlings, but binucleate AG‐A and AG‐F isolates were nonpathogenic. This study is the first detailed report about Rhizoctonia species isolated from the soil of tomato plants grown in greenhouse production areas in Türkiye.
Evaluation of a smoking cessation program for adults with severe mental illness in a public mental health service
Authors: Fibbins Hamish , Ward Philip B. , Morell Rachel , Lederman Oscar , Teasdale Scott , Davies Kimberley , McGuigan Bernadette , Curtis Jackie 
Published: March 2024

Accessible SummaryWhat Is Known on the Subject

Smoking rates have decreased in the general population but remain high among people with severe mental illness (SMI).

What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge

An individualized smoking cessation program was tested with 99 adults with SMI.

The program showed it is possible to help people with SMI smoke fewer cigarettes and reduce nicotine addiction.

Customized smoking cessation programs are essential for those with high nicotine dependence and mental health challenges.

Implications for Practice

Mental health services should offer tailored tobacco cessation programs because these programs can improve the health of people with mental illness who smoke.

It is important for mental health services to follow government guidelines and provide evidence‐based support.

AbstractIntroductionDespite significant reductions in smoking rates in the general population over recent decades, smoking rates remain relatively unchanged among people with SMI.AimTo evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the Keep Quitting in Mind pilot program, an individualized smoking cessation program for people experiencing SMI.MethodsIn total, 99 adult participants with SMI and engaged with a community mental health service, participated in the intervention. The intervention included motivational interviewing and goal setting, in addition to provision of pharmaceutical aids (including nicotine replacement therapy).ResultsAnalysis determined that the Keep Quitting in Mind pilot program was feasible in a public adult mental health service and participation in the program was associated with reductions in the number of cigarettes smoked daily and level of nicotine addiction.DiscussionThis real‐world pilot program demonstrated feasibility and potential effectiveness in reducing smoking among adults with mental illness. Aligning with government guidelines, tailored smoking cessation programs are crucial due to high nicotine dependence and mental health complexities.Implications for PracticeGiven the high rates of cigarette smoking by people with mental illness and the cardiometabolic health risks associated with this, mental health services should consider adding evidence‐based and bespoke tobacco cessation programs as part of core business.
Willingness to Communicate, Speaking Self‐Efficacy, and Perceived Communicative Competence as Predictors of Second Language Spoken Task Production
Authors: Leeming Paul , Vitta Joseph P. , Hiver Phil , Hicks Dillon , McLean Stuart , Nicklin Christopher 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigated how students’ self‐reported individual differences predicted second language (L2) spoken discussion task output, an objective behavioral outcome, in the Japanese university English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. Although numerous psychological theories are used as a rationale for task‐based language teaching (TBLT), few studies have investigated the impact of individual differences variables on task performance. To address this gap, a cross‐validation procedure was used with students (N = 439) from two different universities. They completed questionnaires to measure willingness to communicate (WTC), speaking self‐efficacy (SSE), and perceived communicative competence (PCC). They also engaged in a quasiacademic eight‐minute group discussion task (TBLT design). This discussion was recorded and transcribed, with the number of words produced used as an objective measure of L2 task production. In the better fitting mediation structural equation model, the influences of SSE and PCC on spoken L2 task production were fully mediated by WTC (R2 = .21).
Medical education in Syria at a time of crisis: Analysis of the results of the knowledge‐based National Medical Examination
Authors: Soqia Jameel , Ataya Jamal , Saadoun Rakan , Nahas Lujain , Yazbek Albaraa , Al‐shafie Mohammed , Hanifa Hamdah , Dakak Muhialdein , Izzat Ahmad Walid , Izzat Mohammad Bashar 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study explored how the Syrian crisis, training conditions, and relocation influenced the National Medical Examination (NME) scores of final‐year medical students.MethodsResults of the NME were used to denote the performance of final‐year medical students between 2014 and 2021. The NME is a mandatory standardised test that measures the knowledge and competence of students in various clinical subjects. We categorised the data into two periods: period‐I (2014–2018) and period‐II (2019–2021). Period‐I represents students who trained under hostile circumstances, which refer to the devastating effects of a decade‐long Syrian crisis. Period‐II represents post‐hostilities phase, which is marked by a deepening economic crisis.ResultsCollected data included test scores for a total of 18 312 final‐year medical students from nine medical schools (from six public and three private universities). NME scores improved significantly in period‐II compared with period‐I tests (p < 0.0001). Campus location or relocation during the crisis affected the results significantly, with higher scores from students of medical schools located in lower‐risk regions compared with those from medical schools located in high‐risk regions (p < 0.0001), both during and in the post‐hostilities phases. Also, students of medical schools re‐located to lesser‐risk regions scored significantly less than those of medical schools located in high‐risk regions (p < 0.0001), but their scores remained inferior to that of students of medical schools that were originally located in lower‐risk regions (p < 0.0001).ConclusionAcademic performance of final year medical students can be adversely affected by crises and conflicts, with a clear tendency to recovery upon crises resolution. The study underscores the importance of maintaining and safeguarding the infrastructure of educational institutions, especially during times of crisis. Governments and educational authorities should prioritise resource allocation to ensure that medical schools have access to essential services, learning resources, and teaching personnel.
Automated building damage assessment and large‐scale mapping by integrating satellite imagery, GIS, and deep learning
Authors: Braik Abdullah M. , Koliou Maria 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEfficient and accurate building damage assessment is crucial for effective emergency response and resource allocation following natural hazards. However, traditional methods are often time consuming and labor intensive. Recent advancements in remote sensing and artificial intelligence (AI) have made it possible to automate the damage assessment process, and previous studies have made notable progress in machine learning classification. However, the application in postdisaster emergency response requires an end‐to‐end model that starts with satellite imagery as input and automates the generation of large‐scale damage maps as output, which was rarely the focus of previous studies. Addressing this gap, this study integrates satellite imagery, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and deep learning. This enables the creation of comprehensive, large‐scale building damage assessment maps, providing valuable insights into the extent and spatial variation of damage. The effectiveness of this methodology is demonstrated in Galveston County following Hurricane Ike, where the classification of a large ensemble of buildings was automated using deep learning models trained on the xBD data set. The results showed that utilizing GIS can automate the extraction of subimages with high accuracy, while fine‐tuning can enhance the robustness of the damage classification to generate highly accurate large‐scale damage maps. Those damage maps were validated against historical reports.