bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Modulation of the Second Harmonic Generation by Magnetoelectricity in Two‐Dimensional Multiferroic CuCrP2S6
Authors: Aoki Shunta , Dong Yu , Wang Ziqian , Huang Xiang S.W. , Itahashi Yuki M. , Ogawa Naoki , Ideue Toshiya , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMultiferroic materials have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique magnetoelectric or magnetooptical properties. The recent discovery of few‐layer van der Waals multiferroic crystals provides a new research direction for controlling the multiferroic properties in the atomic layer limit. However, research on few‐layer multiferroic crystals is limited and the effect of thickness‐dependent symmetries on those properties is less explored. In this study, the symmetries and magnetoelectric responses of van der Waals multiferroic CuCrP2S6 are investigated by optical second harmonic generation (SHG). Structural and magnetic phase transitions are successfully probed by the temperature‐dependent SHG signals, revealing significant changes by applying the magnetic field reflecting the magnetoelectric effect. Moreover, it is found that symmetries and resultant magnetoelectric responses can be modulated by the number of layers. These results offer a new principle of controlling the multiferroicity and indicate that 2D van der Waals multiferroic material is a promising building block for functional nanodevices.
Enhancing Stability and Performance in Tin‐Based Perovskite Field‐Effect Transistors Through Hydrogen Bond Suppression of Organic Cation Migration
Authors: Yang Wenshu , Zhang Kai , Yuan Wei , Zhang Lijun , Qin Chuanjiang , Wang Haibo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIon migration poses a substantial challenge in perovskite transistors, exerting detrimental effects on hysteresis and operational stability. This study focuses on elucidating the influence of ion migration on the performance of tin‐based perovskite field‐effect transistors (FETs). It is revealed that the high background carrier density in FASnI3 FETs arises not only from the oxidation of Sn2+ but also from the migration of FA+ ions. The formation of hydrogen bonding between FA+ and F− ions efficiently inhibits ion migration, leading to a reduction in background carrier density and an improvement in the operational stability of the transistors. The strategy of hydrogen bond is extended to fluorine‐substituted additives to improve device performance. The incorporation of 4‐fluorophenethylammonium iodide additives into FETs significantly minimizes the shift of turn‐on voltage during cyclic measurements. Notably, an effective mobility of up to 30 cm2 V−1 s−1 with an Ion/off ratio of 107 is achieved. These findings hold promising potential for advancing tin‐based perovskite technology in the field of electronics.
Unraveling the Potential of a Nanostructured Tungsten–Tungsten Oxide Thin Film Electrode as a Bioresorbable Multichemical Wound Healing Monitor
Authors: Fernandes Catarina , Loukopoulos Vasileios , Smets Jorid , Franceschini Filippo , Deschaume Olivier , Bartic Carmen , Ameloot Rob , Ustarroz Jon , Taurino Irene 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in wearable technology have led to a new era of intelligent wound dressings capable of monitoring vital healing biomarkers. While a significant leap from traditional gauze dressings, these innovations still necessitate periodic removal and disposal. Bioresorbable electrochemical sensors have emerged as a promising and sustainable solution, offering continuous monitoring of critical wound healing biomarkers in real‐time and in situ, followed by their full physiological resorption. The current challenge lies in the susceptibility of metallic electrodes to harsh electrolytic biofluids, hindering the development of viable transient electrochemical sensors. This study pioneers a bioresorbable electrochemical material and unique architecture comprising engineered sputtered tungsten (W) plus tungsten oxide (WOx) thin films, taking advantage of their high catalytic activity and uniquely gradual biodissolution. While a bare W film electrode detached from the wafer substrate within 5 hours of soaking, an annealed W‐WOx electrode showcases a notable electrochemical stability at body temperature, for up to several days. The latter reliably senses multiple analytes during 24‐hour room‐temperature tests. These findings underscore the potential of annealed W plus WOx electrodes in future bioresorbable wound management systems.
3D Measurements and Characterizations of Refractive Index Distributions of Volume Holographic Gratings Using Low‐Coherence Holotomography
Authors: Jo Jaepil , Baek Dongjae , Hugonnet Herve , Kim Kwangjin , Ji Hyungu , Lim Yongjun , Kim Taehong , Lee Seungwoo , Park YongKeun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHolographic Optical Elements (HOEs) employ refractive index (RI) modulation to manipulate light, establishing their widespread application in augmented and virtual reality technologies. Despite significant strides in HOEs' fabrication, a comprehensive 3D examination and measurement of these elements remain largely unexplored. This study targets this void by conducting an in‐depth exploration of the 3D RI distributions of volume holographic gratings (VHGs), a quintessential representative of HOEs. Direct tomographic measurements of the 3D RI distributions within millimeter‐scale VHGs are performed at a spatial resolution of 156 nm × 156 nm × 1.2 µm and an RI precision of 2×10−4. This level of precision facilitates a systematic high‐resolution characterization of VHGs. The findings present a substantial evolution from traditional measurement techniques and promise to considerably advance the evaluation of intricate HOE structures and refine the corresponding fabrication processes.
Combining Carbon Materials and Ionic Liquid Gels to Boost Simultaneous Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Wastewaters
Authors: Marullo Salvatore , D'Anna Francesca 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWater bodies contamination is a pressing issue of modern society, exacerbated by the large structural variety of contaminants. This explains the interest toward developing systems able to remove from wastewater different contaminants, with different susceptibility to removal methods. Consequently, herein hybrid ionic liquid gels, based on 1,3:2,4‐dibenzylidene‐D‐sorbitol (DBS), doped with graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphene oxide, are described. First, the gel–sol transition temperatures (Tgel), rheological and self‐healing properties are determined. These gels are then used as sorbent materials and, for the first time, for removing mixtures of pollutants of different classes, namely the dyes rhodamine B and methyl orange, the drugs diclofenac and carbamazepine, or the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A, to simulate real wastewaters. Interestingly, hybrid gels prove efficient in removing single and mixed pollutants. The best performing gel is reusable for at least 12 consecutive cycles, without any intermediate washing. It can also be embedded in adsorption columns or dialysis membranes, to treat larger volumes of wastewater. Here, this gel achieves an adsorption capacity of 117 and 66 mg g−1 for rhodamine B and bisphenol A in mixture, with a distinct preference toward cationic contaminants, exhibiting competitive performance with most systems previously reported.
Very High In‐Plane Magnetic Field Sensitivity in Ion‐Implanted 4H‐SiC PIN Diodes
Authors: Okeil Hesham , Erlbacher Tobias , Wachutka Gerhard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this study ion‐implanted lateral 4H‐SiC pin diodes are reported, which show an unexpectedly high room temperature in‐plane magnetic field sensitivity approaching 100 % at 0.5 Tesla. Using dedicated TCAD simulations the underlying transduction mechanism is studied, and the effect of implantation‐induced carrier traps on the observed high sensitivity is unraveled. The study shows how such traps can greatly control the injection conditions at the highly doped implant regions providing a plausible explanation for an observed portion in the IV‐characteristics of the pin diodes exhibiting the aforementioned high magnetic field sensitivity.
The cytotoxicity of palladium (II) complexes containing 1,2‐ or 1,4‐diazine bridging ligands on squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro: Insights in the mechanisms of action
Authors: Glišić Miona , Čanović Petar P. , Zarić Milan M. , Živković Zarić Radica S. , Franich Andjela , Rajković Snežana , Živković Marija 
Published: March 2024

Binuclear [{Pd (dien)}2(μ‐pz)](ClO4)4 (Pd1) and [{Pd (dien)}2(μ‐pydz)](ClO4)4 (Pd2) complexes, where pz is 1,4‐diazine and pydz is 1,2‐diazine bridging ligands and dien (diethylenetriamine) is a tridentately coordinated triamine ligand, were synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Electronic absorption spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to study the interactions of the prepared Pd1 and Pd2 complexes with deoxyribonucleic acid (CT‐DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). According to the UV–Vis spectrophotometric data, the complexes interact with CT‐DNA and bind to the BSA as a possible carrier to the target site. The antitumor properties of the tested palladium compounds were evaluated on three types of human cancer cells, namely, squamous cell carcinoma cells SCC‐4, cervical carcinoma cells HeLa and colorectal carcinoma cells HCT116, and one type of malignantly unchanged cells, MRC‐5 fibroblasts. The highest cytotoxicity was shown by the Pd1 compound against SCC‐4 cell, with an IC50 value of 5.4 ± 1.2 μM. The results showed that the cytotoxic potential against SCC‐4 cells of our new palladium complexes Pd1 and Pd2 was comparable with the cytotoxic potential of cisplatin and oxaliplatin. However, Pd1 and Pd2 displayed significantly lower cytotoxicity in comparison with cisplatin and oxaliplatin against non‐malignant cells, fibroblasts MRC5, so these results may suggest that local and systemic complications of antitumor therapy could be reduced and/or avoided. Both compounds selectively decreased the viability of SCC‐4 cells by induction of apoptosis. Also, Pd1 and Pd2 induced S‐phase cell cycle arrest in human SCC‐4 cells, so that could be another mechanism to halt the uncontrolled growth and division of cancer cells. Moreover, the precise molecular mechanism of Pd1 and Pd2 complexes‐induced apoptosis was the activation of the intrinsic signaling pathway of apoptosis, which also included activation of caspase‐3. Therefore, our new palladium (II) complexes might have a promising role as the potential future cytostatic agents.
The effect of curing temperature on hardening, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of adhesive for retard‐bonded prestressed tendon
Authors: Li Xianhua , Jiang Fangxin , Zhang Xue , Li Peixun , Chen Shangzhi , Sun Yue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe effect of curing temperature on hardening, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of adhesive for retard‐bonded prestressed systems is investigated in detail. To evaluate the degree of hardening of the adhesive, the cone penetration and Shore hardness of two samples are tested throughout the curing process under conditions of 25, 35, 45, 55, and 65°C. The thermal performance and curing reaction are characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The mechanical properties with respect to the cure temperatures are characterized by compression strength tests. Experimental results present that after curing under conditions ranging from 25 to 65°C, the hardness of the samples reached its maximum values (85–90 D). As the temperature increased from 25 to 65°C, there was a greater degree of curing cross‐linking, resulting in an increase in compressive strength from 55 to 72 MPa. Based on Shore hardness–time experimental data, a logarithmic model is proposed for predicting the hardness of adhesives at any given time for engineering applications. Additionally, the time–temperature superposition principle is utilized to extrapolate the curing time of the adhesive under low‐temperature conditions. The research findings are of significant importance for the assessment of adhesive hardening.
Insights on the processing and thermal degradation kinetics of PA6/PE‐g‐AA blends
Authors: Araújo Amanda , Franco Luiz , Barreto José , Barros Ana , Bezerra Elieber , Luna Carlos , Ferreira Eduardo , Silva Ingridy , Souza Matheus , Araújo Edcleide , Wellen Renate 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBlends of polyamide 6 (PA6) and polyethylene‐grafted acrylic acid (PE‐g‐AA) in contents 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 were processed in a torque rheometer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra showed secondary hydrogen bond interactions between COOH (PE‐g‐AA) and NCOH (PA6) groups. Addition of PE‐g‐AA did not promote significant changes in the thermal stability of the blends, as evidenced in the torque curves and thermogravimetric plots, which showed weight loss in a single stage for PA6 and PE‐g‐AA, with T0.01 343 and 409°C, and predominant release of CO2, according to thermogravimetric analysis coupled to infrared spectra. The degradation kinetics were adequately modeled using Friedman, Ozawa—Flynn—Wall, and Vyazovkin, with R2 > 0.99, showing a higher value for PE‐g‐AA, occurring in a complex way with three competitive degradation mechanisms, F1, R3, and An.
InAs–InP Superlattice Nanowires with Tunable Phonon Frequencies
Authors: Zannier V. , Trautvetter J. , Sivan A. K. , Rossi F. , de Matteis D. , Abad B. , Rurali R. , Sorba L. , Zardo I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe control of heat conduction through the manipulation of phonons in solids is of fundamental interest and can be exploited in applications for thermoelectric conversion. In this context, the advent of novel semiconductor nanomaterials with high surface‐to‐volume ratio, e.g. nanowires, offer exciting perspectives, leading to significant leaps forwarding the efficiency of solid‐state thermoelectric converters after decades of stagnation. Beyond the high aspect ratio, the nanowire geometry offers unprecedented possibilities of materials combination and crystal phase engineering not achievable with 2D counterparts. In this work, the growth of long (up to 100 repetitions) wurtzite InAs/InP superlattice nanowires with homogeneous segment thicknesses is reported, with control down to the single digit of nanometer. By means of Raman scattering experiments, clear modifications of the phonon dispersion in superlattice nanowires are found, where both InAs‐like and InP‐like modes are present. The experimentally measured modes are well reproduced by density functional perturbation theory calculations. Remarkably, it is found that the phonon frequencies can be tuned by the superlattice periodicity, opening exciting perspectives for phonon engineering and thermoelectric applications.
Responses Toward Structural, Electrical, Optical, and Mechanical Properties of RbGeF3 Under Pressure: DFT Insights
Authors: Chowdhury Sabuj , Chakraborty Jaba Kusum 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDensity functional theory is used in the current study to thoroughly examine the physical properties of perovskites made of halide RbGeF3 under a variety of hydrostatic pressure ranges between 0 and 50 GPa. This research seeks to reduce the electronic bandgap of RbGeF3 under pressure to enhance the optical properties and evaluate the compounds' decency for usage in optoelectronic and electrical uses. The precision of the structural characteristics is relatively high, and they fit well with published earlier research. A higher interaction between atoms is also a result of the large drop in lattice characteristics and link length. Pressurization reveals the ionic and covalent characteristics of the bonds between Rb‐F and Ge‐F, respectively. Both the conductivity and the optical absorbance vary noticeably when hydrostatic pressure is applied. A zero bandgap finally arises via pressure‐induced bandgap shrinkage, improving conductivity and electromagnetic absorption. Based on their optical properties, the materials being studied could be used in a variety of visible and ultraviolet optoelectronic devices. External pressure increases the anisotropy and ductility of the aforementioned perovskites, hence influencing their mechanical behavior. This study describes the changes in physical characteristics brought on by applied stress and offers a thorough examination of those changes.
Training healthcare professionals to discriminate between examples and non‐examples of racial microaggressions
Authors: Romani Patrick W. , Hays Tara M. , Glover Jenna , Swain‐Cockrell Arletta 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPresident Bill Clinton's Race Advisory Board (1998) discussed racism as being nearly invisible to Americans, and White Americans are often unaware of their role in perpetuating racism today. Microaggressions are a common type of racism that take the form of denigrating comments toward those of racial minority groups (Sue et al., 2007). While often unintentional or unconsciously used, microaggressions adversely affect today's society. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate a differential reinforcement with feedback intervention to facilitate discrimination between examples and non‐examples of microaggressions among healthcare workers employed by a tertiary hospital setting. We recruited 26 healthcare workers to complete three surveys via a Qualtrics survey. Baseline data showed moderately high, but variable, accuracy in discriminating examples and non‐examples of microaggressions. Following the reinforcement plus feedback intervention, participants' accurate discrimination between (non‐) examples of microaggressions increased. We will discuss these results in terms of using behavior‐analytic procedures to effectively teach what constitutes microaggressive acts that negatively impact people of color.
Development of a novel glucose‐dendrimer based therapeutic targeting hyperexcitable neurons in neurological disorders
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Sah Nirnath , Sharma Rishi , Vyas Preeti , Liyanage Wathsala , Kannan Sujatha , Kannan Rangaramanujam M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNeuronal hyperexcitability and excitotoxicity lies at the core of debilitating brain disorders such as epilepsy and traumatic brain injury, culminating in neuronal death and compromised brain function. Overcoming this challenge requires a unique approach that selectively restores normal neuronal activity and rescues neurons from impending damage. However, delivering drugs selectively to hyperexcitable neurons has been a challenge, even upon local administration. Here, we demonstrate the remarkable ability of a novel, scalable, generation‐two glucose‐dendrimer (GD2) made primarily of glucose and ethylene glycol building blocks, to specifically target hyperexcitable neurons in primary culture, ex vivo acute brain slices, and in vivo mouse models of acute seizures. Pharmacology experiments in ex vivo brain slices suggest GD2 uptake in neurons is mediated through glucose transporters (GLUT and SGLT). Inspired by these findings, we conjugated GD2 with a potent anti‐epileptic drug, valproic acid (GD2–VPA), for efficacy studies in the pilocarpine‐mouse model of seizure. When delivered intranasally, GD2–VPA significantly decreased the seizure‐severity. In summary, our findings demonstrate the unique selectivity of glucose dendrimers in targeting hyperexcitable neurons, even upon intranasal delivery, laying the foundation for neuron‐specific therapies for the precise protection and restoration of neuronal function, for targeted neuroprotection.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE LATERAL RESISTANCE OF CFS SHEAR WALLS
Authors: Baldassino Nadia , Manzini Lorenzo , Zandonini Riccardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the attention grew toward sustainability issues. This led to the popularity of residential buildings made of cold formed steel profiles. In these systems the lateral bracing is provided by the shear walls. Their complex response calls for the design by testing approach. At the University of Trento an experimental study is in progress of the shear wall response under monotonic and cyclic loading. Five shear wall configurations differing in the steel skeleton and sheathings type are comprised in the programme. The paper presents the main features of the testing set‐up and the preliminary results related to two shear wall configurations. The key role of sheathing‐to‐steel framing connections is pointed out.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING – NEW TRENDS AND MARKET ANALYSIS
Authors: Matos Rui , Tankova Trayana 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is the industrial production name for 3D printing, a computer‐controlled process that creates three dimensional objects by deposing materials, usually in layers. The improvement of the techniques of AM (decrease of deposition time and/or decrease of the cost of the solution) is leading to an increase of the competitiveness of the solution and therefore the use of additive manufacturing in different applications, namely Civil/Structural Engineering application, is increasing significantly. In this study, a market trend analysis along with some examples of possible applications of AM in different fields of construction is addressed.
SINGULARITIES OBSERVED IN THE CALCULATION OF THE MODAL DAMPING RATIO OF A LONG‐SPAN METAL ARCH BRIDGE
Authors: López‐Aragón J. A. , Astiz M. A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWithin the recent studies that are being carried out in the structural health monitoring of bridges, it has been observed that the results of the modal damping ratio can be influenced by some ambient variables and significantly depend on the calculation method that is adopted. In this paper, the main conclusions obtained in the study of the dynamic behaviour of a real structure, the viaduct “Arcos de Alconétar”, in Spain, whose main span is a long metal arch, is reviewed. With this aim, the results obtained from the instrumentation installed during the initial months after its traffic opening are analysed.
THERMAL BUCKLING ON CURVED AND TANGENT RAILWAYS: PARAMETRIC STUDY
Authors: Piloto Paulo A. G. , Minhoto Manuel J. C. , Rossetto Diego R. , Nava Eduardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the thermal buckling in railway infrastructures, which can cause derailments and safety risks. The research analyses the influence of various parameters on thermal buckling, focusing on misalignment and ballast resistance. Using a finite element model, curved and tangent tracks are simulated, considering rail sections, sleeper materials, fastener stiffness and initial imperfections. Results demonstrate that ballast resistance is the most critical factor, with compacted ballast increasing buckling temperatures by up to 127%. Additionally, rail imperfections significantly impact temperature increases. A new design guide is proposed for operating conditions under different conditions.
Design of Induction Heatable Carbon‐Based Foams for Catalysis
Authors: Maier Jonathan , Greuel Marc , Hausruckinger Martin , Oppmann Maximilian , Waterman Clara , Schug Benedikt 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCarbon foams with and without functional particles were prepared via a simple direct foaming process. The carbon foams were composed of pyrolytic carbon and graphite. In the foams with additional functional particles, the latter were integrated directly in the direct foaming process. These functional particles were the catalytic material Saponite and the induction heat‐able material MagSilica®. The foams were characterized including the induction heatability. The foams were also successfully tested in an induction heated lab‐scale reactor for a case study reaction, ethanol to 1,3‐butadiene.