bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperatively predicting vessels encapsulating tumor clusters in hepatocellular carcinoma: Machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhong Hai , Zhao Fang , Ma Zhen-Yu , Dai Zheng-Jun , Pang Guo-Dong 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Recently, vessels encapsulating tumor clusters (VETC) was considered as a distinct pattern of tumor vascularization which can primarily facilitate the entry of the whole tumor cluster into the bloodstream in an invasion independent manner, and was regarded as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
AIM
To develop and validate a preoperative nomogram using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) to predict the presence of VETC+ in HCC.
METHODS
We retrospectively evaluated 190 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent CECT scanning and immunochemical staining for cluster of differentiation 34 at two medical centers. Radiomics analysis was conducted on intratumoral and peritumoral regions in the portal vein phase. Radiomics features, essential for identifying VETC+ HCC, were extracted and utilized to develop a radiomics model using machine learning algorithms in the training set. The model’s performance was validated on two separate test sets. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to compare the identified performance of three models in predicting the VETC status of HCC on both training and test sets. The most predictive model was then used to constructed a radiomics nomogram that integrated the independent clinical-radiological features. ROC and decision curve analysis were used to assess the performance characteristics of the clinical-radiological features, the radiomics features and the radiomics nomogram.
RESULTS
The study included 190 individuals from two independent centers, with the majority being male (81%) and a median age of 57 years (interquartile range: 51-66). The area under the curve (AUC) for the combined radiomics features selected from the intratumoral and peritumoral areas were 0.825, 0.788, and 0.680 in the training set and the two test sets. A total of 13 features were selected to construct the Rad-score. The nomogram, combining clinical-radiological and combined radiomics features could accurately predict VETC+ in all three sets, with AUC values of 0.859, 0.848 and 0.757. Decision curve analysis revealed that the radiomics nomogram was more clinically useful than both the clinical-radiological feature and the combined radiomics models.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the potential utility of a CECT-based radiomics nomogram, incorporating clinical-radiological features and combined radiomics features, in the identification of VETC+ HCC.
Clinical efficacy and pathological outcomes of transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer
Authors: Xu Zhi-Wen , Zhu Jing-Tao , Bai Hao-Yu , Yu Xue-Jun , Hong Qing-Qi , You Jun 
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND
Transanal endoscopic intersphincteric resection (ISR) surgery currently lacks sufficient clinical research and reporting.
AIM
To investigate the clinical effectiveness of transanal endoscopic ISR, in order to promote the clinical application and development of this technique.
METHODS
This study utilized a retrospective case series design. Clinical and pathological data of patients with lower rectal cancer who underwent transanal endoscopic ISR at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between May 2018 and May 2023 were included. All patients underwent transanal endoscopic ISR as the surgical approach. We conducted this study to determine the perioperative recovery status, postoperative complications, and pathological specimen characteristics of this group of patients.
RESULTS
This study included 45 eligible patients, with no perioperative mortalities. The overall incidence of early complications was 22.22%, with a rate of 4.44% for Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III events. Two patients (4.4%) developed anastomotic leakage after surgery, including one case of grade A and one case of grade B. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed negative circumferential resection margins and distal resection margins in all patients. The mean distance between the tumor lower margin and distal resection margin was found to be 2.30 ± 0.62 cm. The transanal endoscopic ISR procedure consistently yielded high quality pathological specimens.
CONCLUSION
Transanal endoscopic ISR is safe, feasible, and provides a clear anatomical view. It is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications and favorable pathological outcomes, making it worth further research and application.
Targeted Testing and Treatment To Reduce Human Malaria Transmission in High-Risk Populations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bhamani Beena , Martí Coma-Cros Elisabet , Tusell Maria , Mithi Vita , Serra-Casas Elisa , Williams Nana Aba , Lindblade Kim A. , Allen Koya C. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
As countries approach elimination of malaria, groups with increased exposure to malaria vectors or poor access to health services may serve as important human reservoirs of infection that help maintain transmission in the community. Parasitological testing and treatment targeted to these groups may reduce malaria transmission overall. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of targeted testing and treatment (TTaT) to reduce malaria transmission, the contextual factors, and the results of modeling studies that estimated the intervention’s potential impact. Bibliographic searches were conducted in March 2021 and updated in April 2022, and a total of 1,210 articles were identified. Three studies were included for outcome data: one factorial cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) in Kenya (5,233 participants), one cRCT in Ghana (3,046 participants), and one controlled before-and-after cohort study in schoolchildren in Malawi (786 participants). Nine reports were included for contextual factors, and two were included for mathematical modeling. Data on outcomes from the three studies suggested that at the community level, TTaT would result in little to no difference in the incidence of malaria infection (measured via active surveillance), adverse events, and severe AEs. In contrast, the effects of TTaT on prevalence (malaria parasitemia) among those targeted by the intervention were found to include a short-term impact on reducing transmission but little to no impact on transmission for extended periods. Future iterations of this review should ensure consideration for populations proven to host the vast majority of the reservoir of infection in lower-transmission settings to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
Mass Testing and Treatment to Accelerate Malaria Elimination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bhamani Beena , Martí Coma-Cros Elisabet , Tusell Maria , Mithi Vita , Serra-Casas Elisa , Williams Nana Aba , Lindblade Kim A. , Allen Koya C. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
In regions where malaria transmission persists, the implementation of approaches aimed at eliminating parasites from the population can effectively decrease both burden of disease and transmission of infection. Thus, mass strategies that target symptomatic and asymptomatic infections at the same time may help countries to reduce transmission. This systematic review assessed the potential benefits and harms of mass testing and treatment (MTaT) to reduce malaria transmission. Searches were conducted in March 2021 and updated in April 2022 and included cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs) as well as nonrandomized studies (NRSs) using malaria infection incidence, clinical malaria incidence, or prevalence as outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed with Cochrane’s risk of bias (RoB2) tool and Risk of Bias Tool in Nonrandomized Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I), and the certainty of evidence (CoE) was graded for each outcome. Of 4,462 citations identified, seven studies (four cRCTs and three NRSs) contributed outcome data. The analysis revealed that MTaT did not reduce the incidence (risk ratio [RR]: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87–1.04; 1,181 participants; moderate CoE) or prevalence (RR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.67–1.01; 7,522 participants; moderate CoE) of malaria infection but resulted in a small reduction in clinical malaria (RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70–0.95; 334,944 participants; moderate CoE). Three studies contributing data on contextual factors concluded that MTaT is an acceptable, feasible, and cost-effective intervention. Mathematical modeling analyses (n = 10) suggested that MTaT effectiveness depends on the baseline transmission level, diagnostic test performance, number of rounds, and other co-interventions. Based on the limited evidence available, MTaT has little to no impact on reducing malaria transmission.
Epidemiology of Murine Typhus in Taiwan from 2013 to 2020
Authors: Hsueh Yeou-Lin , Chen Hsiang-Fei , Chang Mei-Chun , Yen Tsai-Ying , Su Chien-Ling , Chiu Hsien-Chun , Hu Huai-Chin , Chung Ya-Ting , Shu Pei-Yun , Yang Su-Lin 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
Murine typhus is a flea-borne disease caused by Rickettsia typhi infection. The disease is a notifiable infectious disease in Taiwan. Specimens from suspected cases are required to be sent to the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for laboratory diagnosis. In this study, 204 cases of murine typhus were identified by bacterial isolation, real-time polymerase chain reaction, or indirect immunofluorescence assay between 2013 and 2020. The average incidence rate was 0.11/100,000 person-years (95% CI: 0.08–0.13). Murine typhus occurred throughout the year, but it was most prevalent in summer (May to August). The majority of patients were males (75%), residents of Kaohsiung city (31%), and worked in agriculture, forestry, fishing, and animal husbandry (27%). Fever was the most common symptom, present in 95.6% of patients, followed by headache (41%), myalgia (33%), and liver dysfunction (33%). Only 13% of patients had a rash. Up to 80% of cases were among hospitalized patients, and 43% of patients developed severe manifestations. Serological assays also indicated coinfection events. Seven patients showed a 4-fold increase in antibody titers against Orientia tsutsugamushi (N = 2), Coxiella burnetii (n = 2), and Leptospira (N = 3). In conclusion, murine typhus is an endemic and important zoonotic rickettsial disease in Taiwan that cannot be ignored. Further epidemiological surveillance and clinical characteristics should be continuously investigated to prevent and control murine typhus.
Handwashing Practices among Public Primary School Students in East Dembiya District, Ethiopia
Authors: Engdaw Garedew Tadege , Alemu Desalegn , Alemayehu Mekuriaw , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT.
Poor water sanitation and hygiene is a public health problem in developing and underdeveloped countries, including Ethiopia, and remains an important public health issue among primary school students. Students have been repeatedly exposed to various communicable diseases associated with water sanitation and hygiene. The objective of this study was to assess predictors of handwashing practice among second-cycle public primary school students in East Dembiya District, northwestern Ethiopia, 2022. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 752 second-cycle primary school students. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and observational checklists adopted and modified from different sources of literature. The data were checked further by visualizing and computing rates with the SPSS version 26 statistical software. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors. The prevalence of washing practices among second-cycle primary school students was 57.6% (95% CI 53.90–61.10). Residency (urban) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.30–2.87), access to media (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.11–2.49), hygiene and sanitation club membership (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.26–2.80), good knowledge about handwashing (aOR = 3.93, 95% CI: 2.34–6.60), and a positive attitude toward handwashing (aOR = 3.63, 95% CI: 2.01–5.584) were predictors of handwashing practice among second-cycle primary school students. This study showed that handwashing practice among primary school students was low. Availing handwashing facilities, better media access, formation of a hygiene and sanitation club in the school, celebration of “Handwashing Day” with students, and leading behavior change communication are all important for improving students’ handwashing practice.
Determinants and Prevalence of Drug Abuse by Gender in the Selected Competitive Sports at the Universities in Kenya
Authors: Ramara Timothy , Munayi Simon , Bailasha Nicholas , Janet Janet 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to identify the determinants and prevalence of drug abuse by gender in selected competitive sports at the universities in Kenya.
Methodology: The study used a mixed methods research design with an intention to capture and utilise both qualitative andquantitative data. The study sample comprised 300 respondents. Out of the 300 students, 173(57.7%) were male and 127 (42.3%) were female players derived from six selected competitive sports at the universities in Kenya.The selected sports were badminton, tennis, basketball, volleyball, soccer and rugby. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling was used to select 10 universities proportionately (4 private and 6 public), the method was the most appropriate to capture universities with women rugby in addition to the five other selected sports. The study sought to investigate the prevalence of drug abuse due to factors such as psychosocial, medicinal and competition. SPSS computer version 20 was used to process data. The data was presented inform of Tables.
Findings: The study found that more male players than females abused drugs, with majority being rugby players. Findings indicated that there were more males than females abusing drugs at approximately 89% and 11% respectively. It was concluded that more male than female athletes engaging in sports in universities in Kenya, abuse drugs. This could be attributed to the assumption that males tend to experiment more on most things than do their female counterparts.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Social Learning Theory, Self Determination Theory and Harm Reduction Theory may be used to anchor future studies. It was recommended that various stakeholders that include the university management, NACADA and the security apparatus work together with an aim to sensitize and curb drug abuse menace among university athletes, general students’ community and the entire community bordering the universities.
19. ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY XƯƠNG BÀN TAY BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP XUYÊN NGANG ĐINH KIRCHER
Authors: Dũng Phạm Đình , Thành Tăng Văn 
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Gãy xương bàn tay tương đối phổ biến, chiếm khoảng 10% tổng số gãy xương, trong đó hơn 70% trường hợp các bệnh nhân trong độ tuổi lao động. Gãy xương bàn tay có thể điều trị bằng phương pháp bảo tồn hoặc phẫu thuật, có đa dạng cách kết hợp xương từ phẫu thuật kín bằng đinh Kirchner hoặc khung CĐN hoặc mổ mở kết hợp xương bên trong. Phương pháp mổ kết hợp xương kín bằng cách xuyên ngang đinh kirchner mang lại nhiều lợi ích, tuy nhiên hiện tại ở Việt Nam chưa có báo cáo nào về kết quả điều trị bằng phương pháp này.
Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm hình thái gãy xương bàn tay và đánh giá kết quả điều trị kết hợp xương bàn tay bằng phương pháp xuyên ngang đinh Kirchner tại Bệnh viện đa khoa thành phố Pleiku. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Chúng tôi tiến hành điều trị phẫu thuật cho 11 bệnh nhân trong khoảng thời gian từ tháng 01/2021 đến tháng 09/2022 bằng phương pháp xuyên ngang đinh Kirchner tại Bệnh viện đa khoa thành phố Pleiku
Kết quả: 11 bệnh nhân gãy 14 xương bàn tay được điều trị bằng đinh K. Đa số bệnh nhân gãy 1 xương (72.7%), gãy tay bên phải (81.8%) và gãy kín (81.8%), chủ yếu là gãy thân xương bàn (57.1%). Thời gian phẫu thuật khá nhanh (trung bình là 30 phút). Đa số bệnh nhân đều lành xương sau 2 tháng. Chậm liền gặp ở 1 bệnh nhân tỷ lệ 3,23%. 1 trường hợp nhiễm trùng chân đinh trong tổng số bệnh nhân nghiên cứu.
Kết luận: Qua nghiên cứu, chúng tôi nhận thấy việc sử dụng phương pháp xuyên ngang đinh Kirchner giúp bất động tốt ổ gãy, ít xâm lấn, do đó hạn chế đau, mất máu cho phép vận động sớm, đây là chìa khóa mang lại kết quả chức năng tốt, tránh cứng khớp cũng như giảm hoặc mất chức năng của bàn tay.
21. KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY TRÊN HAI LỒI CẦU XƯƠNG CÁNH TAY TRẺ EM BẰNG XUYÊN KIM QUA DA DƯỚI MÀN TĂNG SÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BÀ RỊA
Authors: Phong Trần Văn 
Published: March 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Gãy trên hai lồi cầu xương cánh tay ở trẻ em là loại gãy xương thường gặp,chiếm 65,45% của gãy xương chi trên ở trẻ em theo Boyd và Altenberg.
Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị của phương pháp xuyên kim qua da chéo nhau dưới màn hình tăng sáng tại bệnh viện Bà Rịa.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang bệnh nhân gãy trên 2 lồi cầu kiểu duỗi độ II, III theo phân loại của Gartland- Wilkins, đã được phẫu thuật trong năm 2014.
Kết quả: Lứa tuổi hay gặp từ 3 - 6 tuổi , chiếm (52,9%),Trẻ nam (67,6%) , Tay trái gặp nhiều hơn tay phải 1,42 lần. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu do tai nạn sinh hoạt (85,3%). Góc Baumann thay đổi < 6o ở thời điểm rút kim so với thời điểm sau xuyên kim (chiếm 85,3%), không có sự di lệch xoay thứ phát sau khi rút kim. Góc thân hành xương được đánh giá ở mức độ tốt (82,4%). Phục hồi biên độ vận động gấp duỗi khuỷu khá tốt (chiếm tỉ lệ 82,4% ) theo Flynn. Không có tổn thương thần kinh trụ sau xuyên kim.
Kết luận: Phương pháp xuyên kim qua da điều trị gãy xương cả 2 lồi cầu là phương pháp cố định khá chắc chắn, an toàn ít biến chứng.
MENAKAR DALUWARSA: Kajian Perbandingan Daluwarsa Pemalsuan Surat Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana
Authors: Chandra Tofik Yanuar , Hajairin Hajairin 
Published: March 2024

Comparative study of the expiration of mail forgery in Law No. 1/1946 on Criminal Code and Law No. 1/2023 on Criminal Code. This comparative study is intended to understand the differences and similarities of expiration in the prosecution of criminal cases, so that expiration can be a legal instrument that can realize justice for all parties to criminal cases. The method used is normative legal research, normative legal research is also to inventory positive law, find legal principles and doctrines, synchronize existing laws and regulations and conduct research by studying and examining and tracing various existing literature. With several approaches, namely the Legislative Approach, Historical Approach, Comparative Approach and Conceptual Approach. The findings in the results of this study are a comparative study of the expiration of mail forgery, in Law/1/1946 / Criminal Code and Law/1/2023 / Criminal Code it can be concluded that the authority to prosecute a criminal offender can be abolished regulated in Article 78 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, regarding Forgery in general is regulated in Article 263 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code. After the reform of criminal law, the authority to prosecute is declared void due to expiration is regulated in Article 163 of Law No. 1/2023 / Criminal Code, but regarding the explanation of the offense of forgery of letters is contained in Articles 391 and 392 of Law No. 1/2023 / Criminal Code. Comparison of the expiration of mail forgery in the Criminal Code and the New Criminal Code from the aspect of offense formulation and expiration limitation is very different, but there is a similarity in placing the object that can be subject to the crime of mail forgery, namely a person who makes a fake letter and uses a fake letter.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE BOYCOTT PRODUCTS SUSPECTED OF SUPPORTING GENOCIDE
Authors: Sutrisno Andri 
Published: March 2024

This jurnal explores the significance of boycotting products suspected of supporting genocide within the framework of international law. The complex relationship between human rights, state responsibility to prevent genocide, and the international community's response to violations of international norms is at the heart of this investigation. The study defines boycott as a form of isolation undertaken by individuals or groups against an entity, encompassing actions like blacklisting, embargoes, and blockades, targeting various products from consumer goods to academic and sports products. Governments, either individually or collectively, issue boycott resolutions, as exemplified by Arab countries' historic boycott against Israel. The paper also introduces other forms of boycotts, such as investment withdrawal, divestment, and sanctions, citing examples like Sudan. Framing the discussion within the context of the United Nations Genocide Convention, the jurnal argues that product boycotts can serve as tools for enforcing compliance with the convention, holding states accountable for preventing genocide. Moreover, product boycotts play a vital role in the international public sphere, mobilizing global public opinion and exerting social, economic, and political pressure on perpetrators of genocide. The study addresses critical questions, focusing on the role of product boycotts as sanctions in international law and their impact on garnering global support and pressuring perpetrators, while providing a voice to victims. The research methodology employed is normative legal research, relying on literature review and secondary legal sources, including journals, articles, and news related to the international legal analysis of the boycott of products suspected of supporting genocide. The jurnal concludes by emphasizing the importance of boycotting products suspected of supporting genocide within the international legal framework, not only as a form of protest but as a
KONSTRUKSI KEERASAN PSIKIS DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERLIDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Masrufa Masrufa , Wulan Evi Retno 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji definisi kekerasan psikis dalam Undang-Undang KDRT No 23 Tahun 2004 dapat diterapkan didalam UU Perubahan Perlindungan Anak No 35 Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa definisi kekerasan psikis dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga dapat diterapkan didalam Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
Disruptive Innovation for Automotive Industry and the Solutions for Enterprise Innovation System Reengineering
Authors: Ren Weiqun 
Published: March 2024

Review
Disruptive Innovation for Automotive Industry and the Solutions for Enterprise Innovation System Reengineering

Weiqun Ren 1

1 Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430000, China
* Correspondence: renweiqun@tsinghua.org.cn

Received: 26 January 2024
Accepted: 6 March 2024
Published: 11 March 2024

Abstract: Focus on the current disruptive innovation trends, automotive industry needs to have solutions for enterprise innovation system reengineering. The innovations include the energy and power technology bringing vehicle powertrain electrification, intelligent control technology bringing autonomous drive/intelligent vehicle, and communication technology bringing vehicle connectivity and sharing. Facing the impact of these, enterprise innovation system reengineering needs to be considering the effects to strategic planning, product development process, and new business models, etc.