bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovating in the Time of Covid: Adapting Services for Young People Experiencing Extra‐Familial Risks and Harms
Authors: Peace Delphine , Goldsmith Carlie , Lefevre Michelle 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper explores how seven organisations from the children's social care sector in England adapted their service during the Covid‐19 pandemic restrictions to better meet the needs of young people experiencing extra‐familial risks and harms. Particularly, it focuses on these organisations' experience of attempting to transform services in a unique crisis context and considers what insights this situated study offers into the processes of innovation and practice improvement in the sector. Twelve respondents from these seven organisations participated in semi‐structured interviews, which were analysed both narratively and thematically. Six of these participants were interviewed longitudinally over 6 months, enabling consideration of barriers encountered within their innovation journeys and the factors and conditions that facilitated the process. From these, three longitudinal narrative accounts were selected, highlighting themes emblematic of the overall dataset. The findings indicate that, unencumbered by the usual constraints of bureaucracy, organisations could adapt service provision with unprecedented speed, to respond in more youth‐centred and welfare‐oriented ways to young people's needs. Rapid cycles of iterative development in response to young people's feedback suggested a surprising potential for agility and responsivity in the children's services sector, raising questions about whether and how this might be mobilised outside of crisis conditions.
Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into parathyroid cells and establishment of parathyroid organoids
Authors: Wang Ge , Du Yaying , Cui Xiaoqing , Xu Tao , Li Hanning , Dong Menglu , Li Wei , Li Yajie , Cai Wenjun , Xu Jia , Li Shuyu , Yang Xue , Wu Yonglin , Chen Hong , Li Xingrui 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDifferentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into human embryonic stem cells‐derived parathyroid‐like cells (hESC‐PT) has clinical significance in providing new therapies for congenital and acquired parathyroid insufficiency conditions. However, a highly reproducible, well‐documented method for parathyroid differentiation remains unavailable. By imitating the natural process of parathyroid embryonic development, we proposed a new hypothesis about the in vitro differentiation of parathyroid‐like cells. Transcriptome, differentiation marker protein detection and parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion assays were performed after the completion of differentiation. To optimize the differentiation protocol and further improve the differentiation rate, we designed glial cells missing transcription factor 2 (GCM2) overexpression lentivirus transfection assays and constructed hESCs‐derived parathyroid organoids. The new protocol enabled hESCs to differentiate into hESC‐PT. HESC‐PT cells expressed PTH, GCM2 and CaSR proteins, low extracellular calcium culture could stimulate hESC‐PT cells to secrete PTH. hESC‐PT cells overexpressing GCM2 protein secreted PTH earlier than their counterpart hESC‐PT cells. Compared with the two‐dimensional cell culture environment, hESCs‐derived parathyroid organoids secreted more PTH. Both GCM2 lentiviral transfection and three‐dimensional cultures could make hESC‐PT cells functionally close to human parathyroid cells. Our study demonstrated that hESCs could differentiate into hESC‐PT in vitro, which paves the road for applying the technology to treat hypoparathyroidism and introduces new approaches in the field of regenerative medicine.
Manifestations of X‐linked pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency in female PDHA1 carriers
Authors: Savvidou Antri , Sofou Kalliopi , Eklund Erik A. , Aronsson Johan , Darin Niklas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and purposePyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency is in up to 90% caused by pathogenic variants in the X‐linked PDHA1 gene. We aimed to investigate female relatives of index patients with PDHA1‐related disease to (i) describe the prevalence of female PDHA1 carriers, (ii) determine whether they had symptoms and signs, and (iii) delineate the associated phenotype.MethodsIn a national population‐based study, we identified 37 patients with pathogenic variants in PDHA1. Sanger sequencing for the presence of the pathogenic variant was performed in their mothers and female relatives. The identified female carriers were clinically assessed, and their medical records were reviewed.ResultsThe proportion carrying a de novo variant was 86%. We identified seven female PDHA1 carriers from five families. Five of them exhibited clinical features of the disease and were previously undiagnosed; all had signs of peripheral axonal neuropathy, four presented with strokelike episodes including two with Leigh‐like lesions, and three had facial stigmata.ConclusionsPDHA1‐related disease is underrecognized in heterozygous female carriers. Peripheral axonal neuropathy, strokelike and Leigh‐like changes, and facial dysmorphism should raise suspicion of the disorder. Genetic analysis and clinical examination of potential female carriers are important for genetic counseling and have implications for treatment.
Long‐term studies on West Antarctic Peninsula phytoplankton blooms suggest range shifts between temperate and polar species
Authors: Antoni Julieta S. , Almandoz Gastón O. , Goldsmit Jesica , Garcia Maximiliano D. , Flores‐Melo Ximena , Hernando Marcelo P. , Schloss Irene R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) experiences one of the highest rates of sea surface warming globally, leading to potential changes in biological communities. Long‐term phytoplankton monitoring in Potter Cove (PC, King George Island, South Shetlands) from the 1990s to 2009 revealed consistently low biomass values, and sporadic blooms dominated by cold‐water microplankton diatoms. However, a significant change occurred between 2010 and 2020, marked by a notable increase in intense phytoplankton blooms in the region. During this period, the presence of a nanoplankton diatom, Shionodiscus gaarderae, was documented for the first time. In some instances, this species even dominated the blooms. S. gaarderae is recognized for producing blooms in temperate waters in both hemispheres. However, its blooming in the northern Southern Ocean may suggest either a recent introduction or a range shift associated with rising temperatures in the WAP, a phenomenon previously observed in experimental studies. The presence of S. gaarderae could be viewed as a warning sign of significant changes already underway in the northern WAP plankton communities. This includes the potential replacement of microplankton diatoms by smaller nanoplankton species. This study, based on observations along the past decade, and compared to the previous 20 years, could have far‐reaching implications for the structure of the Antarctic food web.
Improvement in storage stability of fresh instant rice using non‐starch polysaccharides
Authors: Li Sixuan , Zhang Min , Ren Xin , Guan Lina , Ye Guodong , Li Yumeng 
Published: March 2024

SummaryIn this study, non‐starch polysaccharides (NSPs), namely konjac glucomannan (KGM), inulin (IN), and oat β‐glucan (OG), were selected as ingredients to inhibit the retrogradation of fresh instant rice. Through a comprehensive comparison, it was found that the addition of 0.4% KGM, 0.6% IN, and 1.5% OG (w/w, based on rice mass) gave fresh instant rice a favourable eating quality. Furthermore, as the storage time increased, adding these NSPs mitigated the increase in hardness, retrogradation enthalpy (), and free water, indicating their ability to prevent water migration and improve the storage stability of fresh instant rice. Among them, the OG was the most effective additive in delaying retrogradation behaviours, and the flavour profiles of the OG‐treated fresh instant rice group (OG‐FIR) were more similar to those of the control group (FIR). Overall, the addition of NSPs probably was a novel strategy for improving the quality of fresh instant rice.
Effect of Zijuan tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Zijuan) on starch digestion properties of bread and its mechanisms
Authors: Yu Haixia , Xu Xingrui , Zhao Shuai , Shan Meimei , Cai Shengbao 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThis study investigated the effect of water extract (ZTWE) and ethanol extract (ZTEE) from Zijuan tea on the in vitro starch digestibility of bread, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Results revealed that the ZTWE and ZTEE could reduce the starch digestibility of bread, especially ZTEE, which may be due to the higher polyphenols contains in ZTEE (TPC: 233.11 mg GAE/g) than ZTWE (TPC: 195.94 mg GAE/g). Furthermore, results of enzyme activity experiments and in silico analyses demonstrated that the main four polyphenols enriched in ZTWE and ZTEE could inhibit the activities of starch digestive enzymes. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy and in silico analyses showed that the predominant polyphenols in ZTWE and ZTEE could interact with the starch molecule to alter its structure, thereby reducing the starch digestibility. These findings may offer a theoretical foundation for the development of Zijuan tea‐based functional products aimed at diabetes management.
Foodomics: futuristic omic strategies to assess the impact of food nutrients on human health and gut microbiome
Authors: Singh Narpinder , Barthwal Riya , Negi Akanksha , Aggarwal Sonal , Kathuria Deepika , Kumar Vinod , Paul Maman 
Published: March 2024

SummaryFoodomics is an omic technique that integrates with the study of food and nutrition. The technique delves into the composition, functions, and expression outcomes of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, shedding light on how nutrients influence gene and protein expression. It enables the understanding of cellular processes, functional mechanisms, and molecules involved and identifies targets for bioactive compounds desirable for nutritional intervention strategies. It also facilitates the discovery of biomarkers that elucidate the bioactivities of various food components, offering insights into their implications for individual well‐being. Furthermore, due to the molecular interplay between food and gut microbiome, this technique offered a comprehensive understanding of nutritional dynamics and the role of nutrients in maintaining optimal health. Hence, the article highlights the recent research that deciphers the bioactive activities of various food components, shedding insight on their consequences for individual well‐being and intricating the balance of the gut microbiota using this omic technique.
Gluten‐free pasta fortified with moringa leaves: effect of recipe ratios on quality and structural properties
Authors: Alsalman Fatemah B. , Al‐Sharrah Tahani 
Published: March 2024

SummaryPasta has a big publicity worldwide and gone through lots of research to improve its quality. It is a good source of carbohydrates and recently new types of pasta are being good sources of fibres and proteins, too. The objective in this study is to produce highly nutritious pasta with good quality trying to reduce some of Kuwaiti population diseases such as obesity and diabetes. I optimal RSM design was used to make combinations of three ingredients with different ratios (oats, corn, and moringa) and check their effect on proximate composition, textural properties, colour, cooking loss percentage, microstructural properties, and fatty acid profile. Results found that run #2 (10:70:20) (Moringa: Corn: Oats) is the optimum run with 0.63 desirability through having high protein and fibre contents 11.5% and 5.1%, respectively, with low fat and cooking loss percentages (10.3%). The same run also had the highest total unsaturated fatty acids (78%). Both microstructure and the texture affected cooking loss results where more cavities in the microstructure increased cooking loss and harder samples reduced cooking loss.
RETRACTED: Wound infection and healing in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis compared with intramedullary nail for distal tibial fractures: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Shao‐Feng , Ji Qin‐Long 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo systematically explore the effects of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) versus intramedullary nail (IMN) on wound infection and wound healing in patients with distal tibia fractures. A computerised search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was performed, from their inception to October 2023, to identify relevant studies on the application of MIPO and IMN in patients with distal tibial fractures. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by two researchers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and basic information of the literature was collected, with wound infection, postoperative complications and wound healing time as the main indicators for analysis. Stata 17.0 software was applied for analysis. Overall, 23 papers and 2099 patients were included, including 1026 patients in the MIPO group and 1073 patients in the IMN group. The results revealed, when compared with IMN treatment, patients with distal tibia fractures who underwent MIPO treatment had a lower incidence of postoperative complications (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.25–0.42, p < 0.001) and a shorter wound healing time (SMD = −1.00, 95% CI: −1.51 to −0.49, p < 0.001), but the incidence of postoperative wound infection was higher (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.35–3.01, p = 0.001). Both MIPO and IMN are excellent treatments for distal tibia fractures. MIPO is effective in reducing the incidence of complications as well as shortening the time of wound healing time but increases the risk of wound infection. In clinical practice, surgeons can make individual choices based on the patient's wishes and proficiency in both techniques.
Effects of cluster nursing interventions on the prevention of pressure ulcers in intensive care units patients: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Ai‐Guo , Li Ling , Li Yuan‐Li , Sun Shun‐Xia , Wang Min , Tang Xiao‐Ling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA meta‐analysis was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the impact of cluster nursing interventions on the prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Computer searches were performed in databases including Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) implementing cluster nursing interventions for PUs prevention in ICU patients, with the search period covering the database inception to November 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and conducted quality assessments. Stata 17.0 software was employed for data analysis. Overall, 17 RCTs involving 1463 ICU patients were included. The analysis showed that compared with conventional nursing, cluster nursing interventions significantly reduced the incidence of PUs (odds ratio: 0.24, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.17–0.34, p < 0.001) and also significantly improved the levels of anxiety (standardized mean difference [SMD]: −1.39, 95% CI: −1.57 to 1.22, p < 0.001) and depression (SMD: −1.64, 95% CI: −2.02 to 1.26, p < 0.001) in ICU patients. This study indicates that the application of cluster nursing interventions in ICU patients can effectively reduce the incidence of PUs, as well as improve patients' anxiety and depression levels, thereby enhancing their quality of life, which is worth clinical promotion and application.
Monitoring the quality changes and freshness assessment of eggs based on chemometrics method
Authors: Çiftçi Hüseyin Güray , Bilge Gonca , Aytaç Ezgi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite their low cost, egg mislabeling is a prevalent problem in the market, resulting in the sale of stale eggs as fresh. In this study, unlike the classical egg freshness parameters such as Haugh Unit and air cell height, UV–Visible (UV‐Vis) spectra, fluorescence spectroscopy, and pH + color properties combined chemometrics methods were used to monitor the eggs' ages. It is known that these methods are able to detect furosine formation and chemical changes during storage. To do this, the qualities of eggs were observed for 15–24 days at three different temperatures: 4°C (refrigeration temperature), 25°C (room temperature), and 35°C (abuse temperature). After conducting a pattern recognition analysis using principal component analysis (PCA), a correlation between storage days and UV–Vis spectra, fluorescence spectra, and pH + color parameters at various temperatures was created using the partial least‐squares (PLS) method. Results showed that PLS models were able to predict eggs' ages successfully. The most reliable age assessment models for eggs were obtained for UV–Vis spectra and fluorescence spectra (ex: 320 nm) of egg samples at 35°C. Real and predicted ages of eggs were presented in validation graphs of UV–Vis spectra and fluorescence spectra (ex: 320 nm) with excellent performance of R2P of 0.96 and 0.97, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 1.08 and 0.87, respectively. This method could help food safety organizations use UV–Vis and fluorescence spectrometers at various levels of the egg supply chain as an alternative method.
Gluing together a fragmented healthcare system for geriatrics will be hard. It's time for united action
Authors: Colenda Christopher C. , Applegate William B. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract“Gluing” together integrated Geriatric Clinical Service lines (GCSL) within the US healthcare system is a significant challenge. Reasons encompass health professional workforce shortages, inconsistent requirements for geriatric educational competencies among the health professional disciplines, preconceived ageist attitudes about older adults with complex illnesses, and a US healthcare system infrastructure that is not aligned with longitudinal and interdisciplinary care needs for older adults. This review focuses on three major characteristics of the US healthcare system that have impeded widespread dissemination of GCSLs: (1) the US's historical fee for service (FFS) reimbursement system; (2) increasing reliance upon disease specific specialty care services for older patients that have resulted from advances in medicine; and (3) rising consolidation of US healthcare systems over the last 30 years. Three specific options are also provided that might help change the current and future trajectories of GCSLs: (1) local political advocacy to implement health policy legislation; (2) expand geriatric physician and health professional workforce by nontraditional means; and (3) reprioritize expansionist healthcare systems corporate behavior. Each of these interventions will be hard to achieve, but it is time to unite if GCSLs are to thrive as pathways to improve care outcomes for older adults with complex medical, cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders.
The digitalization of family life: A multilevel conceptual framework
Authors: Qian Yue , Hu Yang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe internet and digital technologies have penetrated all domains of people's lives, and family life is no exception. Despite being a characterizing feature of contemporary family change, the digitalization of family life has yet to be systematically theorized. Against this backdrop, this article develops a multilevel conceptual framework for understanding the digitalization of family life and illustrates the framework by synthesizing state‐of‐the‐art research from multiple disciplines across global contexts. At a micro level, as individuals “do” family online, digitalization influences diverse aspects of family practices, including family formation, functioning, and contact. How individuals “do” family online is not free‐floating but embedded in macro‐level economic, sociocultural, and political systems underpinning processes of digitalization. Bridging the micro–macro divide, family‐focused online communities serve as a pivotal intermediary at the meso level, where people display family life to, and exchange family‐related support with, mostly nonfamily members. Meso‐level online communities are key sites for forming and diffusing collective identities and shared family norms. Bringing together the three levels, the framework also considers cross‐level interrelations to develop a holistic digital ecology of family life. The article concludes by discussing the contributions of the framework to understanding family change and advancing family scholarship in the digital age.
Extraversion and low introversion more equivalent to high introversion in depression during COVID‐19
Authors: Lassi Nicholas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated whether forms of extraversion‐introversion produced different depression‐related outcomes before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodOne‐way MANCOVAs were conducted to investigate the relationship between extraversion‐introversion and depressive symptoms. These data were sourced from the NLSY97, consisting of 4846 individuals born between 1980 and 1984.ResultsDuring pre‐pandemic periods, high introversion increased the risk of depressive symptoms. During the pandemic, the risk for depressive symptoms was more equivalent, or less predominately high‐introvert‐based, among extraverted/low introverted and high introverted subjects.ConclusionsExtraversion/low introversion was linked with increased depression, relative to high introversion, during the pandemic. The findings raise significant questions about how individuals with distinct personality traits may experience changes in their psychological well‐being during challenging public health events.
Does the composition of meteoritic metal change with forging? An experimental study
Authors: Ouzillou Mendy M. , Herd Christopher D. K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe use of meteoritic iron in the manufacture of human artifacts since the Bronze Age has been well documented, including the iron blade of Tutankhamun's dagger. Whereas the preservation of textures and mineral inclusions suggest relatively low temperature (<950°C) working of meteoritic metal used in artifacts, higher temperature working—that is, forging—could have occurred, based on studies of Bronze Age slag. The extent to which the forging of meteoritic iron might change the bulk composition, especially the trace elements used for classification of iron meteorites, is largely unknown. Using electron microbeam methods (SEM and EPMA), and trace element analysis (ICP‐MS), we analyze metal obtained at different stages during the modern forging of a set of knife blades from fragments of the Gebel Kamil meteorite, and assess the degree to which bulk element composition, mineral inclusions, and textures are modified. We find that while forging does destroy the original texture and removes mineral inclusions, it does not significantly modify the trace elements typically used in iron meteorite classification, at least for the relatively Ni‐rich composition represented by Gebel Kamil. While we acknowledge that the modern method by which the knife blades were forged from Gebel Kamil would not have occurred in the Bronze Age, our results represent an upper temperature limit relative to the inferred conditions used in ancient forging. The identification of the meteorite (if still in existence) that was used for artifacts is feasible, based on our results and current literature on ancient meteoritic artifacts.