bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of nurse and resident physician paging frequency by sex in the emergency department
Authors: Sarma Deesha , Stenson Bryan , MacDougall Gordon , Mangino Alyssa , Sanchez Leon D. , Chiu David T. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe role of biological sex in interprofessional relationships is an important factor in collaborative health care settings such as the emergency department (ED) but one that has been sparsely studied. While there is anecdotal evidence on gender‐based differences in communication, little research has focused on this topic. The goal of this study was to determine whether there are differences in paging frequency between nurses and male and female residents.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patient visits to our urban, tertiary care academic ED between January 1 and April 1, 2021. Only pages from nurses to emergency medicine (EM) residents were included. Outcome variables included number of pages received by sex, number of unique ED visits, and mean number of pages per unique visit. Pearson's chi‐square tests were used to analyze differences between observed and expected results.ResultsA total of 15,617 pages from nurses to residents over 6843 unique patient visits to the ED were analyzed. This included 187 nurses, 162 (87%) of whom were female and 25 (13%) were male. Of the 39 residents, 12 (31%) were female and 27 (69%) were male. Female residents received 4500 pages over 2228 unique patient ED visits, or a mean of two pages per patient with a mean of 186 unique ED visits per female resident. Male residents received 11,117 pages over 4615 unique patient ED visits, or a mean of 2.4 pages per patient, with a mean of 171 unique ED visits per male resident. This difference in pages per patient was statistically significant (χ2(1) = 369, p < 0.001).ConclusionsWe found that male residents received significantly more pages per patient than their female colleagues. Overall, further research is required to understand the factors, such as characteristics of patients or preferred communication methods of providers, that drive this disparity and what the implications are for patient outcomes.
Risk factors of postoperative complications and their effect on survival after laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Long Vo Duy , Thong Dang Quang , Dat Tran Quang , Nguyen Doan Thuy , Hai Nguyen Viet , Quoc Ho Le Minh , Anh Nguyen Vu Tuan , Vuong Nguyen Lam , Bac Nguyen Hoang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe association between postoperative complications and long‐term survival after laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for gastric cancer (GC) remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of postoperative complications and evaluate their impact on survival outcomes in patients undergoing LG.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 621 patients who underwent LG for gastric adenocarcinoma between March 2015 and December 2021. Postoperative complications were classified according to the Clavien–Dindo classification, with major complications defined as Grade III or higher. Logistic regression models with stepwise backward procedure were used to identify risk factors for complications. To assess the impact of postoperative complications on survival, uni‐ and multi‐variable Cox proportional hazard models were used for overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsOverall rate of postoperative complications was 17.6% (109 patients); 33 patients (5.3%) had major complications. Independent risk factors for major complications were Charlson comorbidities index (OR [95% CI], 1.87 [1.09–3.12], p‐value = 0.018 for each one score increase), and type of anastomosis (OR [95% CI], 0.28 [0.09–0.91], p‐value = 0.029 when comparing Billroth II with Billroth I). Multivariable analysis identified major complications as an independent prognostic factor to reduce OS (HR [95% CI], 2.32 [1.02–5.30], p‐value = 0.045) and DFS (HR [95% CI], 2.63 [1.37–5.06], p‐value = 0.004). Other prognostic factors for decreased survival outcomes were tumor size, presence of invasive lymph nodes, and T4a stage.ConclusionsMajor complications rate of LG for GC was approximately 5.3%. Charlson comorbidities index and type of anastomosis were identified as risk factors for major postoperative complications. Major complications were demonstrated to pose adverse impact on survival outcomes.
Diene Salts of the Adamantane Series: Synthesis, Structure, and Chemical Transformations
Authors: Bogdanova Anastasiya N. , Baimuratov Marat R. , Polyakova Polina A. , Shiryaev Vadim A. , Klimochkin Yuri N. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMono‐ and bis‐pyridinium, phosphonium and sulfonium allylic salts, containing adamantane fragment, have been obtained from the substitution reaction in 1,4‐dibromo‐2‐butene. It was found, that the attack of triethylamine undergoes from the sterically less hindered side, leading to deprotonation and subsequent elimination of the molecular fragment with the formation of a new salt of diene structure. Quantum chemical calculations were used to confirm the structure of one of the products by correlation analysis of experimental and calculated NMR data that confirmed the s‐cisoid conformation of the diene. It was found, that obtained dienes may be used as substrates in Diels‐Alder reaction despite their high sterical hinderance.
Information fusion for infant age estimation from deciduous teeth using machine learning
Authors: Martínez‐Moreno Práxedes , Valsecchi Andrea , Damas Sergio , Irurita Javier , Mesejo Pablo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesOver the past few years, several methods have been proposed to improve the accuracy of age estimation in infants with a focus on dental development as a reliable marker. However, traditional approaches have limitations in efficiently combining information from different teeth and features. In order to address these challenges, this article presents a study on age estimation in infants with Machine Learning (ML) techniques, using deciduous teeth.Materials and MethodsThe involved dataset comprises 114 infant skeletons from the Granada osteological collection of identified infants, aged between 5 months of gestation and 3 years of age. The samples consist of features such as the maximum length and mineralization and alveolar stages of teeth. For the purpose of designing a method capable of combining all the information available from each individual, a Multilayer Perceptron model is proposed, one of the most popular artificial neural networks. This model has been validated using the leave‐one‐out experimental validation protocol. Through different groups of experiments, the study examines the informativeness of the aforementioned features, individually and in combination.ResultsThe results indicate that the fusion of different variables allows for more accurate age estimates (RMSE = 66 days) than when variables are analyzed separately (RMSE = 101 days). Additionally, the study demonstrates the benefits of involving multiple teeth, which significantly reduces the RMSE compared to a single tooth.DiscussionThis article underlines the clear advantages of ML‐based methods, emphasizing their potential to improve the accuracy and robustness when estimating the age of infants.
Neighborhood disadvantage reduces cognitive reserve independent of neuropathologic change
Authors: Kim Boram , Yannatos Isabel , Blam Kaitlin , Wiebe Douglas , Xie Sharon X. , McMillan Corey T. , Mechanic‐Hamilton Dawn , Wolk David A. , Lee Edward B. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIndividuals in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods exhibit increased risk for impaired cognitive function. Whether this association relates to the major dementia‐related neuropathologies is unknown.METHODSThis cross‐sectional study included 469 autopsy cases from 2011 to 2023. The relationships between neighborhood disadvantage measured by Area Deprivation Index (ADI) percentiles categorized into tertiles, cognition evaluated by the last Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores before death, and 10 dementia‐associated proteinopathies and cerebrovascular disease were assessed using regression analyses.RESULTSHigher ADI was significantly associated with lower MMSE score. This was mitigated by increasing years of education. ADI was not associated with an increase in dementia‐associated neuropathologic change. Moreover, the significant association between ADI and cognition remained even after controlling for changes in major dementia‐associated proteinopathies or cerebrovascular disease.DISCUSSIONNeighborhood disadvantage appears to be associated with decreased cognitive reserve. This association is modified by education but is independent of the major dementia‐associated neuropathologies.
Patient‐ and proxy‐reported quality of life in advanced dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Armstrong Melissa J. , LaBarre Brian , Sovich Kaitlin , Maixner Susan M. , Paulson Henry L. , Manning Carol , Fields Julie A. , Lunde Angela , Forsberg Leah , Boeve Bradley F. , Galvin James E. , Taylor Angela S. , Li Zhigang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLittle is known regarding quality of life (QoL) in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), particularly in advanced stages.METHODSDyads of individuals with moderate–advanced DLB and their primary caregivers were recruited from specialty clinics, advocacy organizations, and research registries. The study collected demographics, disease‐related measures, and measures of patient/caregiver experiences.RESULTSThe Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QoL‐AD) was completed by the person with DLB and the caregiver (proxy) in 61 dyads; 85 dyads had only a proxy‐completed QoL‐AD. Patient‐ and proxy‐reported scores were moderately correlated (r = 0.57, P < 0.0001). Worse patient‐reported QoL correlated with daytime sleepiness, autonomic symptom burden, and behavioral symptoms. Proxy ratings correlated with dementia severity, daytime sleepiness, behavioral symptoms, dependence in activities of daily living, and caregiver experience measures.DISCUSSIONPatient‐ and proxy‐reported quality of life (QoL) should be assessed separately in advanced DLB. Some symptoms associated with QoL have available therapeutic options. Research is needed regarding strategies to optimally improve QoL in DLB.Highlights
Patient and proxy quality of life (QoL) ratings had moderate correlation in advanced dementia with Lewy bodies.
Daytime sleepiness affected patient‐ and proxy‐reported QoL.
Behavioral symptoms affected patient‐ and proxy‐reported QoL.
Autonomic symptom burden affected patient‐reported QoL.
Dementia severity, dependence, and caregiver experiences affected proxy ratings.
Conditional knockout of the NSD2 gene in mouse intestinal epithelial cells inhibits colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Chen Hanxue , Yang Xingjiu , Zhang Wenlong , Ma Chengyan , Wang Qinghong , Wang Xinpei , Gao Ran 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundNuclear receptor‐binding SET domain 2 (NSD2) is a histone methyltransferase, that catalyzes dimethylation of lysine 36 of histone 3 (H3K36me2) and is associated with active transcription of a series of genes. NSD2 is overexpressed in multiple types of solid human tumors and has been proven to be related to unfavorable prognosis in several types of tumors.MethodsWe established a mouse model in which the NSD2 gene was conditionally knocked out in intestinal epithelial cells. We used azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate to chemically induce murine colorectal cancer. The development of colorectal tumors were investigated using post‐necropsy quantification, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsCompared with wild‐type (WT) control mice, NSD2fl/fl‐Vil1‐Cre mice exhibited significantly decreased tumor numbers, histopathological changes, and cytokine expression in colorectal tumors.ConclusionsConditional knockout of NSD2 in intestinal epithelial cells significantly inhibits colorectal cancer progression.
Ictal Central Apnea Is Predictive of Mesial Temporal Seizure Onset: An Intracranial Investigation
Authors: Lacuey Nuria , Talavera Blanca , Magana‐Tellez Oman , Mancera‐Páez Oscar , Hupp Norma , Luo Xi , Hampson Johnson P. , Hampson Jaison , Rani M. R. Sandhya , Ochoa‐Urrea Manuela , Alamoudi Omar A. , Melius Stephen , Pati Sandipan , Gavvala Jay , Tandon Nitin , Mosher John C. , Lhatoo Samden D. 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveIctal central apnea (ICA) is a semiological sign of focal epilepsy, associated with temporal and frontal lobe seizures. In this study, using qualitative and quantitative approaches, we aimed to assess the localizational value of ICA. We also aimed to compare ICA clinical utility in relation to other seizure semiological features of focal epilepsy.MethodsWe analyzed seizures in patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy undergoing intracranial stereotactic electroencephalographic (SEEG) evaluations with simultaneous multimodal cardiorespiratory monitoring. A total of 179 seizures in 72 patients with reliable artifact‐free respiratory signal were analyzed.ResultsICA was seen in 55 of 179 (30.7%) seizures. Presence of ICA predicted a mesial temporal seizure onset compared to those without ICA (odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–11.6, p = 0.01). ICA specificity was 0.82. ICA onset was correlated with increased high‐frequency broadband gamma (60–150Hz) activity in specific mesial or basal temporal regions, including amygdala, hippocampus, and fusiform and lingual gyri. Based on our results, ICA has an almost 4‐fold greater association with mesial temporal seizure onset zones compared to those without ICA and is highly specific for mesial temporal seizure onset zones. As evidence of symptomatogenic areas, onset‐synchronous increase in high gamma activity in mesial or basal temporal structures was seen in early onset ICA, likely representing anatomical substrates for ICA generation.InterpretationICA recognition may help anatomoelectroclinical localization of clinical seizure onset to specific mesial and basal temporal brain regions, and the inclusion of these regions in SEEG evaluations may help accurately pinpoint seizure onset zones for resection. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:998–1008
Increased Cortical Thickness in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Phan Tony X. , Baratono Sheena , Drew William , Tetreault Aaron M. , Fox Michael D. , Darby R. Ryan ,   For the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Metabolomics Consortium
Published: February 2024

ObjectivePatients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have diffuse brain atrophy, but some regions, such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), are spared and may even show increase in size compared to controls. The extent, clinical significance, and mechanisms associated with increased cortical thickness in AD remain unknown. Recent work suggested neural facilitation of regions anticorrelated to atrophied regions in frontotemporal dementia. Here, we aim to determine whether increased thickness occurs in sporadic AD, whether it relates to clinical symptoms, and whether it occur in brain regions functionally connected to—but anticorrelated with—locations of atrophy.MethodsCross‐sectional clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative were analyzed to investigate cortical thickness in AD subjects versus controls. Atrophy network mapping was used to identify brain regions functionally connected to locations of increased thickness and atrophy.ResultsAD patients showed increased thickness in the ACC in a region‐of‐interest analysis and the visual cortex in an exploratory analysis. Increased thickness in the left ACC was associated with preserved cognitive function, while increased thickness in the left visual cortex was associated with hallucinations. Finally, we found that locations of increased thickness were functionally connected to, but anticorrelated with, locations of brain atrophy (r = −0.81, p < 0.05).InterpretationOur results suggest that increased cortical thickness in Alzheimer's disease is relevant to AD symptoms and preferentially occur in brain regions functionally connected to, but anticorrelated with, areas of brain atrophy. Implications for models of compensatory neuroplasticity in response to neurodegeneration are discussed. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:929–940
COF‐Topological Quantum Material Nano‐heterostructure for CO2 to Syngas Production under Visible Light
Authors: Dey Anupam , Pradhan Jayita , Biswas Sandip , Ahamed Rahimi Faruk , Biswas Kanishka , Maji Tapas Kumar 
Published: February 2024

AbstractEfficient solar‐driven syngas production (CO+H2 mixture) from CO2 and H2O with a suitable photocatalyst and fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism are the desired approach towards the carbon recycling process. Herein, we report the design and development of an unique COF‐topological quantum material nano‐heterostructure, COF@TI with a newly synthesized donor‐acceptor based COF and two dimensional (2D) nanosheets of strong topological insulator (TI), PbBi2Te4. The intrinsic robust metallic surfaces of the TI act as electron reservoir, minimising the fast electron‐hole recombination process, and the presence of 6s2 lone pairs in Pb2+ and Bi3+ in the TI helps for efficient CO2 binding, which are responsible for boosting overall catalytic activity. In variable ratio of acetonitrile‐water (MeCN : H2O) solvent mixture COF@TI produces syngas with different ratios of CO and H2. COF@TI nano‐heterostructure enables to produce higher amount of syngas with more controllable ratios of CO and H2 compared to pristine COF. The electron transfer route from COF to TI was realized from Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) analysis, charge density difference calculation, excited state lifetime and photoelectrochemical measurements. Finally, a probable mechanistic pathway has been established after identifying the catalytic sites and reaction intermediates by in situ DRIFTS study and DFT calculation.
Nanoscale Local Contacts Enable Inverted Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with 20.8 % Efficiency
Authors: Wang Sanlong , Qi Shanshan , Sun Hongrui , Wang Pengyang , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractInorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have gained significant attention due to their excellent thermal stability and suitable band gap (~1.7 eV) for tandem solar cell applications. However, the defect‐induced non‐radiative recombination losses, low charge extraction efficiency, energy level mismatches, and so on render the fabrication of high‐efficiency inverted IPSCs remains challenging. Here, the use of 3‐amino‐5‐bromopyridine‐2‐formamide (ABF) in methanol was dynamically spin‐coated on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film, which facilitates the limited etching of defect‐rich subsurface layer, resulting in the formation of vertical PbI2 nanosheet structures. This enabled localized contacts between the perovskite film and the electron transport layer, suppress the recombination of electron‐hole and beneficial to electron extraction. Additionally, the C=O and C=N groups in ABF effectively passivated the undercoordinated Pb2+ at grain boundaries and on the surface of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film. Eventually, we achieved a champion efficiency of 20.80 % (certified efficiency of 20.02 %) for inverted IPSCs with enhanced stability, which is the highest value ever reported to date. Furthermore, we successfully prepared p‐i‐n type monolithic inorganic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (IPSTSCs) with an efficiency of 26.26 %. This strategy provided both fast extraction and efficient passivation at the electron‐selective interface.
Non‐Directed C−H Arylation of Anisole Derivatives via Pd/S,O‐Ligand Catalysis
Authors: Deng Ke‐Zuan , Sukowski Verena , Fernández‐Ibáñez M. Ángeles 
Published: February 2024

AbstractNon‐directed C−H arylation is one of the most efficient methods to synthesize biaryl compounds without the need of the prefuctionalization of starting materials, or the installment and removal of directing groups on the substrate. A direct C−H arylation of simple arenes as limiting reactants remains a challenge. Here we disclose a non‐directed C−H arylation of anisole derivatives as limiting reagents with aryl iodides under mild reaction conditions. The arylated products are obtained in synthetically useful yields and the arylation of bioactive molecules is also demonstrated. Key to the success of this methodology is the use of a one‐step synthesized S,O‐ligand.
Expanding Luminescence Horizons in Macropolyhedral Heteroboranes
Authors: Bould Jonathan , Ehn Marcel , Tok Oleg , Bavol Dmytro , Kučeráková Monika , Clegg William , Litecká Miroslava , Lang Kamil , Kirakci Kaplan , Londesborough Michael G. S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractLuminescence is observed in three novel macropolyhedral nineteen‐ and eighteen‐vertex chalcogenaboranes: Se2B17H17 (1), SeB17H19 (3) and SeB18H20 (4). This led us to the recognition that previously published macropolyhedral heteroborane species might also exhibit luminescence. Thus, the known nineteen‐ and eighteen‐vertex dithiaboranes S2B17H17 (2), n‐S2B16H16 (5) and i‐S2B16H16 (6) were synthesised and also found to exhibit a range of luminescent properties. These macropolyhedral species are very different from the previously unique fluorescent binary borane B18H22 in terms of their structural architectures, by the presence of borane cluster hetero atoms, and, as in the cases of 5 and 6, that their synthetic origins are not derived simply through the modification of B18H22 itself. They consequently greatly expand the possibilities of finding new luminescent inorganic borane species.
Photoluminescence Enhancement in Silica‐Confined Ligand‐Free Perovskite Nanocrystals by Suppression of Silanol‐Induced Traps and Phase Impurities
Authors: Huang Yipeng , Lin Fangyuan , Li Feiming , Jin Jinwen , Guo Zhiyong , Tian Dongjie , Xie Rongjun , Chen Xi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe detriments of intrinsic silanol groups in mesoporous silica to the photoluminescence (PL) of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP NCs) confined in the template have never been determined and clearly elucidated. Here, we disclose that silanol‐induced Cs+ and Br− deficiencies prompt the generation of traps and CsPb2Br5 impurities. The temperature‐dependent PL spectra verify the higher energetic barrier of trap states in CsPbBr3 NCs confined in silanol‐rich mesoporous silica. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra reveal the trapped state mediates a broadband photoinduced absorption and long‐lived decay pathway of CsPbBr3 NCs in silanol‐rich templates. A remarkable improvement (up to 160‐fold) in PL quantum yields is realized by simple silanol elimination. This work demonstrates the detrimental effects of silanol sites on the PL properties of LHP NCs impregnated in mesoporous silica and provides a new perspective for the ligand‐free synthesis of high‐quality LHP NCs in mesoporous templates by facile impregnation for practical applications.