bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the Catalytic Activity of Nickel, Platinum and Palladium as Observed in the Isotopic Exchange Reaction of Paraxylene with Deuterium Oxide
Authors: Hirota Kozo , Ueda Tomiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
It has been confirmed that nickel can exchange catalytically only hydrogen atoms of methyl groups of paraxylene with deuterium oxide, irrespective of the method of preparation, while platinum and palladium can exchange hydrogen atoms of both methyl groups and benzene ring under similar experimental conditions.
It has been found that the catalytic activity of nickel becomes similar to that of platinum and palladium if nickel is supported on alumina, but remains unchanged if it is supported on silica or kieselguhr.
It has been shown to be difficult to explain these two findings perfectly.
Studies on Solvent Extraction using Radioactive Isotopes. VIII. Solvent Extraction of Cerium with Acetylacetone
Authors: Suzuki Nobuo , Oki Shohachiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The extraction of cerium with acetylacetone was studied, using 144Ce as a tracer. Cerous cerium can not be extracted without an oxidizing agent. After the mixture of 0.61 m sodium Bromate and 5×10−6m cerium had been left standing for 100min. at pH 5∼6, 95% of the cerium was extracted in benezene.The reaction was accelerated by heating, e.g., at 40°C, or by increasing the concentration of acetylacetone and bromate. Care should be taken not heat too long. this avoiding the decomposition of the chelate by hydrolysis.The presence of phospate, oxalic acid, Citric acid, tartaric acid and EDTA causd interference.
Estimation of Micellar Charge from Conductivity Data of Aqueous Detergent Solutions
Authors: Kimizuka Hideo , Satake Iwao 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An equation relating the micellar charge to the conductivity data was derived for the ionic detergent solutions. It was found that the calculated values of the micellar charge were approximately the same as the micellar aggregation number observed by means of the light scattering technique. The ratio of the fixed gegen ion to the micelle was also estimated.
Physicochemical Studies of Stearic Acid Monolayer-Aluminum Ion Interaction. I. The Surface Pressure
Authors: Motomura Kinsi , Matuura Ryohei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In order to throw light on the interaction of the stearic acid monolayer with aluminum ion in underlying solutions, surface pressure measurements were carried out on (1) the stearic acid monolayer spread on 10−4mol./l. aluminum chloride solution, (2) the aluminum distearate monolayer spread on distilled water, and (3) the aluminum distearate monolayer spread on 10−4mol./l. aluminum chloride. It was found that their pressure-area curves were all solid expanded films over characteristic pH ranges, with the curve of 1 especially analogous to that of 3. In the limiting area-pH curves, there seemed to be a little partial disagreement between them which would not be essential. From these results it was concluded that the monolayer of stearic acid interacting with aluminum ion might be analogous to the two-dimensional polymeric aluminum distearate adsorbing aluminum ion.
Physicochemical Studies of Stearic Acid Monolayer-Aluminum Ion Interaction. II. The Surface Viscoelasticity
Authors: Motomura Kinsi , Matuura Ryohei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By using the ring torsion pendulum method and applying the correct mathematical analysis, surface viscoelasticity measurements were carried out on the monolayers of (1) stearic acid on a 10−4 mol./l. aluminum chloride solution, (2) aluminum distearate on distilled water, and (3) aluminum distearate on a 10−4 mol./l. aluminum chloride solution. It was found that the rheological behavior of 1 and 2 could be analyzed in terms of the four-parameter model and of 3 by the three-parameter model or elasticity. Also, with regard to the values of viscoelasticity, it was shown that at large areas 1 was smaller than both 2 and 3, and at small areas 1 approaches to 3. From the viewpoint of these results, it was concluded that the interacted monolyer of stearic acid with aluminum ion in an underlying solution might be analogous to the monolayer of aluminum distearate with a short chain length adsorbing basic aluminum ion.
The Very Weak Visible Absorption Band of p-Benzoquinone
Authors: Kuboyama Akira 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The very weak absorption bands at the long wavelength sides of the n→π* singlet-singlet absorption bands of p-benzoquinone and its derivatives were examined with regard to the solvent effect, the substitution effect and the temperature - dependency. From the obtained results, this absorption band is reasonably assigned to the n→π* singlet-triplet absorption band. As for its absorption curve, a distinct difference between the structure where the two carbonyl groups of p-benzoquinone are equivalent and that where the two carbonyl groups are not equivalent is observed.
Infrared and Raman Spectra of Ethylidene Dialkyl Ethers
Authors: Nukada Kenkichi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Infrared spectra of three kinds of ethylidene dialkyl ethers (CH3OCH(CH3)OCH3; EDM, CH3OCH(CH3)OC2H5; EME and C2H5OCH·(CH3)OC2H5; EDE), of vapor at various temperatures, and of carbon tetrachloride and acetonitrile solutions are presented.
From a comparison of the spectra obtained, it has been concluded that rotational isomerism could at least exist in EME and EDE.
Raman spectra of pure liquid have been obtained, together with the degree of depolarization.
The assignment of these spectra is given by referring to those of the homologues, such as dialkoxy methanes.
The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen through a Silent Electric Discharge. I. The Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Morinaga Kihei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in a silent electric discharge of high frequency was investigated. The product, in the course of reaction, is solely hydrogen peroxide and water.
2) The linear relationship, independent of the frequency of the current, between the rate of formation of hydrogen peroxide or of water and the pulse current was established.
3) The composition of the hydrogen peroxide-water solution is constant so long as the gap length is constant.
4) The flow rate and the said composition relation were measured.
5) The reaction pattern in the discharge zone was briefly discussed.
De-localization of Bond Eigenfunctions in π-Electronic Systems. II. Non-Empirical Calculation of the π-Electronic States of the trans-Butadiene Molecule
Authors: Takekiyo Shozaburo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
An approximate method, proposed in Part I, has been applied to the non-empirical calculation of the π-electronic states of the trans-butadiene molecule. All the higher orders of overlap and exchange integrals have been considered. Slater 2pπ-orbitals have been used through out. The values of the energy levels obtained are −51.099 eV. (1Ag),−45.237 eV. (1Ag), and −41.429 eV. (1Bu). The π-electron densities for the ground state are Da=Dd=0.988, and Db=Dc=1.012. These results agree quantitatively with those evaluated by the ASMO SCF CI method.
Cationic Polymerization of Isobutene in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide. Role of Water of Cocatalyst
Authors: Tokura Niichiro , Matsuda Minoru , Shirai Isoo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Polymerization of isobutene was carried out in liquid sulfur dioxide with stannic chloride as catalyst containing water or heavy water. It was confirmed with the aid of infrared spectrometry that in liquid sulfur dioxide water was playing a part as a cocatalyst when water was present in a comparable amount.
Anionic Polymerization of Vinylidene Chloride. III. Copolymerization Initiated by n-Butyllithium
Authors: Konishi Akio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The copolymerization reaction of vinylidene chloride with methyl acrylate, styrene and vinyl chloride initiated by n-butyllithium has been studied. The monomer reactivity ratios have been found to be distinctly different from those of the radical copolymerizations. The results clearly showed that the nature of the polymerization of vinylidene chloride initiated by n-butyllithium is anionic, in accordance with the prediction from the q-ε or the Q-e map.
A Systematic Ion Exchange Separation of Metallic Elements. I. Group Separation of Metallic Elements by Anion Exchange with Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Yoshimura Jun , Waki Hirohiko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1) As the first stage in the systematic separation of metallic elements by ion exchange, a group separation on an ordinary scale was tried using an anion exchanger “Dowex 1-X8”, with hydrochloric acid, a method based on Kraus’ method.
2) Most metallic elements usually treated in the chemical analysis can be separated into four groups by the elution through a 40 ml. column using 11 m, 6.5 m and 3 m hydrochloric acid as elutriant. Satisfactory results were obtained on analysis for a mixed solution.
3) These classifications may be explained in terms of the formation of a chloro-complex of a metal, not only in the solution phase but also in the resin phase.
The Mannich Base of Troponoid and its Application. VII. The Synthesis of 5-Formyl Derivative of 3-Isopropyltropolone
Authors: Ogura Kyozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
3-Isopropyl-5-bromomethyl-7-bromotropolone and 3-isopropyl -5- formyl -7- bromotropolone were synthesized from 3-isopropyl-5-piperidinomethyl-7-bromotropolone, and some 5-substituted 3-isopropyl-7-bromotropolones were derived from the bromomethyl derivative.
O→N-Acetyl Shift of O-Acetylserine and O-Acetylthreonine. An Approach to the Separation of Serine and Threonine Fraction from Amino Acid Mixture
Authors: Fujiwara Sadao , Morinaga Shigeru , Narita Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reaction rate of O→N-acetyl shift of O-acetylserine was compared with that of O-acetylthreonine, and it was found that the latter was greater than the former. By utilizing the difference of the rates of the reaction of these amino acid derivatives, an attempt to separate serine and threonine from their mixture was unsuccessful owing to the fact that the shift reaction was affected by many factors, i. e., the ionic strength of inorganic salts present, pH of the reaction medium and the reaction temperature. Serine and threonine were isolated from the acid hydrolyzate of casein through their O-acetylation and subsequent O→N-acetyl migration with 80∼90% yield.
Studies on Solid Carbons. I. The Formation of Solid Carbons
Authors: Sakaguchi Masakazu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The pyrolysis of six different pure organic compounds (benzene, toluene, naphthalene, ethylene, n-hexane and methane) has been studied to discover the relation between the starting materials and the carbon produced. The B.E.T. area, micro-pore size distribution, particle shape, and degree of crystallization have been measured in the carbon produced. The carbonization has been carried out by pyrolyzing the material by means of the flow method at the two temperatures of 800 and 1100°C, keeping the flow rate constant at 2.5 cc./hr. and the vapor pressure at 83 mmHg.
The order of the B.E.T. areas, A, of the carbons produced by pyrolysis is as follows: at 800°C, A(hexane), 49.0&gt;A(toluene), 44.0&gt;A(methane), 11.5, and at 1100°C, A(hexane), 4.7&gt;A(toluene), 2.9&gt;A(methane), 1.9 respectively.
The peak radii, R, of the micro-pore size distribution curves are not changed by the raising of the reaction temperature (800, 1100°C) ; the order of the radii is R(methane), 18&gt;R(toluene), 12&gt;R(hexane), 9. Notwithstanding the fact that the peak radii are not changed by the reaction temperature, the micro-pore volumes diminish remarkably.
Electron microscope observation has shown that the shape of the particle is affected by the physical state of the starting material during pyrolysis. If the material is gaseous, plate-like carbon is obtained. If the material is liquid, spherical carbon is obtained.
X-Ray diffraction has shown that the degree of crystallization is not affected by the kind of material. When the temperature of pyrolysis is raised from 800 to 1100°C, the crystallization advances markedly.
Studies on d-Glucosamine Derivatives. VIII. 1-C-Substituted-1-anilino-1-deoxy-d-arabitols
Authors: Yoshimura Juji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
In the reaction of 3,4; 5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-N-phenyl-d-glucosaminonitrile and Grignard reagents or alkyl lithiums, the nitrile group was substituted for alkyls to yield each pair of diastereoisomers of the 1-C-substituted-1-ailino-1-deoxy-d-arabitols. The levo-rotating diastereoisomer was, moreover, exclusively predominant in the former case, and the dextro-rotating one in the latter
The reaction mechanism for the above asymmetric induction was discussed.
Spectral Response of Photoconductivity in Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Sano Mizuka , Akamatu Hideo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The spectral responses of the photoconductivity of perylene, pyranthrene, violanthrene, anthanthrone, violanthrone and indanthrazine, as well as the optical absorption spectra of these aromatic solids, have been investigated. Associated with the surface-type cells, when the aromatic films are thin enough, the response curves reproduce the absorption spectra. It has been concluded from this that the photoconductivity is the intrinsic property of the compound and that the lowest excited states are responsible for the electrical conduction.
The thresholds for photoconductivity are rather vague. In some cases, however, extra bands are found in the photoconduction spectra outside the main bands. These extra bands locate in the energy regions which correspond to the triplet states of the molecules and are coincident with the thermal energy gaps for the semiconduction.
Studies on Solvent Extraction using Radioactive Isotope. X. Solvent Extraction of Zirconium-95 and Niobium-95 with Acetylacetone
Authors: Suzuki Nobuo , Omori Takashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The extraction of 95Zr and 95Nb with an acetylaceton-echloroform mixture was investigated. The percentage extraction of 95Zr with a 20% acetylacetone solution was 98% at pH valves ranging from 3 to 8, and that of 95Nb was 90% at pH values from 2 to 5. The extraction ratio of 95Nb was lowered by the extension of the shaking time. As an diluent, chloroform and methylene chloride were recommended. Phosphate, oxalic acid, citric acid and EDTA interfered remarkably. Sulfuric acid was most efficient for the back extraction. A high purity of 95Zr was obtained by using hydrogen peroxide as a masking agent. The yield was satisfactorily high.
Vinyl Copolymerization. II. Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile with Styrene and Vinyl Acetate
Authors: Suzuki Momotaro , Miyama Hajime , Fujimoto Shiro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Rates of copolymerization of AN-St and VA-AN for various mixing ratios of the two monomers were measured by the thermistor method. The heat of copolymerization, which was obtained by comparing the results of the thermistor method with those of the usual analytical method, agrees very well with Alfrey’s equation. Also, the non-constancy of φ in the AN-St system can be explained by Arlman’s theory; it is concluded that the termination constants for mixed radicals are larger than those for homogeneous radicals and, furthermore, that the ratio of a normal cross-termintion constant to a constant of the cross-termination having a penultimate unit is 20.
However, in the VA-NA system, the application of Arlman’s equation was impossible because the large difference between the reactivity ratios of the two monomers causes a large error limit in the calculated values of φ.
The Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen through a Silent Electric Discharge. II. The Effect of Packings on a Peroxide Formation
Authors: Morinaga Kihei 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
By applying several packings in the discharge gap space, the peroxide formation through a silent discharge was studied. The peroxide concentration was higher in a void discharge tube or in a boric acid (boric oxide) packing-filled discharge tube and lower in the case of the soda glass and the ceramic packing containing titanium(IV) oxide. This was explained by the insufficient destruction of HO2 and H2O2 on the boric acid surface, and by the great destruction on the surface of the packing consisting of soda glass and ceramics. A kind of aging phenomena observed in the boric oxide packing was tentatively explained.
Hot-Atom Chemistry of Halogens in Cobaltammine Complex Salts. II. Hot-Atom Chemistry of Radiobromine in Pentammine Cobalt(III) Bromides and Bisethylenediamine Cobalt (III) Bromides
Authors: Saito Nobufusa , Tominaga Takeshi , Sano Hirotoshi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The fate of energetic radiobromine atoms arising from the (n, γ) reaction on bromine in solid complex salts, the formulas [Co·(NH3)5X]Br2,3 and [Co(en)2X2]Br1,3,, was investigated. The fraction of the total radiobromine produced finally retained in ligands (ligand yield) was found to increase with a Function of the mass of the donor atom in ligand X. Therefore, it was suggested that the kinetic processes might play an important role in recoil reaction in the solid complex salts.
Studies of the Cage Effect of Solvent. I. Photolysis of Azomethane in n-Hexane
Authors: Kodama Sukeya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Azomethane in n-hexane solution has been decomposed by irradiation of 366 mμ over the temperature range −75 to 80°C, in order to study the effect of the solvent cage on the photolysis. The main products have been found to be nitrogen, methane and ethane. The yield of methane increases, but that of ethane, which amounts to 88% of nitrogen at −75°C, decreases with the rise in temperature. The addition of styrene as a scavenger for methyl radicals in an increasing amount suppresses the formation of methane almost completely, while that of ethane is not affected, indicating that ethane is exclusively formed by the cage combination of an azomethane molecule. The formation of methane is explained by the abstraction of the hydrogen atom from a solvent molecule by methyl radicals that have escaped the original cage. The material balance represented as ((1/2)CH4+C2H6)/N2 is nearly 100% below room temperature, but it falls off slightly at higher temperatures; this may be ascribed to addition reactions of methyl radicals. The quantum yield of photolysis is apparently smaller than unity and falls off with a lowering of the temperature; this probably arises from the cage recombination of the initially formed pair of radicals CH3N2 and CH3, though the former radical is very short-lived.
Studies of the Cage Effect of Solvent. II. Photolysis of Azomethane in Various Solvents
Authors: Kodama Sukeya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photolysis of azomethane in n-octane, toluene, ethyl acetate and ethanol has been investigated over the temperature range from about −80 to 100°C. The results obtained are very similar to those previously obtained with n-hexane and show that, also in these solvents, the ethane, one of the main products, exclusively results from the combination in the solvent cage of a pair of methyl radicals formed from an azomethane molecule. For all the solvents investigated, the temperature dependence of the yield of ethane referred to nitrogen formed, C2H6/N2, can be represented by an empirical expression, 1–C2H6/N2=Aexp(−E⁄RT), with constants A and E, whose values are rather insensitive to the nature of the solvent. From the reduction of the yield of methane in the presence of styrene, the activation energy of the addition of methyl radicals to styrene molecules is estimated as 4.9 kcal./mol. Apparent quantum yields obtained by comparing the rates of formation of nitrogen fall off with a lowering of the temperature in all the solvents investigated.
Reactions of Iminocarbonates with Acids
Authors: Mukaiyama Teruaki , Fujisawa Tamotsu , Hyugaji Teruo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Iminocarbonates, whose chemical properties have been little investigated, were prepared from sodium alkoxides and corresponding imidophosgene.
Diethyl N-phenyl iminocarbonate gave urethan and esters by reaction with acids, such as hydrogen chloride, carboxylic acids and diethyl phosphate. β-Acyloxyethyl N-phenyl cabamates were prepared from the reactions of ethylene N-phenyl iminocarbonate with carboxylic acids.
These reactions were applied to the syntheses of polymers, and the alternating poly (urethan/ester)s were obtained.
The Reactions of 1, 2-Cyclopentanedione Dioxime and of 1, 2, 3-and 1,3,5-Cyclohexanetrione Trioximes in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide
Authors: Tokura Niichiro , Shirai Isoo , Sugahara Tokuji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
1, 2-Cyclopentanedione dioxime (II), 1, 2, 3-cyclohexanetrione trioxime (III) and 1, 3, 5-cyclohexanetrione trioxime (IV) were treated with reagents and exhibited different and characteristic behaviors in liquid sulfur dioxide. The formation of 5, 6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta-[c] furazan (V) from II with thionyl chloride by a condensation reaction and of γ-cyanobu-tyric acid (VI) from II with sulfur trioxide by a cleavage reaction were observed. 7-Hydroxi-rnino-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydrobenzo[c]furazan (VII) was found in the the reaction mixtures from III and thionyl chloride and from III and bromine, accompanied by large amounts of resinous matter.
Mono-deoximation by sulfur trioxide was suggested. 1, 3, 5-Cyclohexanetrione trioxime (IV) gave only black tarry matter, which may be attributable to the instability of IV.
The Cobalt(III) Complexes of Ethylenediaminediacetic and Ammoniadiacetic Acids
Authors: Mori Motoshichi , Shibata Muraji , Kyuno Eishin , Maruyama Fukun 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The cobalt (III) complexes containing ammoniadiacetate group (ada) and ethylene diaminediacetate group (edda) have been prepared:
1) K[Co(ada)2]·4H2O Red-violet
2) K[Co(edda)(CO3)]·H2O Red-violet
3) [Co(edda)(OH2)2]ClO4 Violet
4) K[Co(edda)(NO2)2]·H2O Yellow-brown
The visible and the ultraviolet absorption spectra as well as the infrared spectra of these complexes have been measured and discussed in relation to the structures of these complex ions.
Thermal Decomposition of Acetaldehyde in the Presence of Hydrogen Sulfide. II. Effects of Chain-inhibitors
Authors: Imai Naomi , Yoshida Yasuo , Toyama Osamu 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The effect of propylene, isobutylene and nitric oxide as inhibitors on the thermal decomposition of acetaldehyde in the presence of hydrogen sulfide has been investigated over the temperature range of 380 to 494°C. Of the three inhibitors, which are all effective in reducing the rate of decomposition, isobutylene is slightly more efficient than propylene, and nitric oxide is far more efficient than the other two. With propylene and isobutylene, the rate of decomposition is reduced with the increasing amount of the inhibitor until a constant rate is reached, while with nitric oxide the rate passes through a minimum value and then increases again in proportion to the pressure of the inhibitor. The residual rate of the maximally inhibited decomposition is almost the same for the three inhibitors and is represented by –d[CH3CHO]/dt=ki[H2S] [CH3·CHO]. A comparison of the above results with those of the decomposition in the absence of an inhibitor suggests that the residual decomposition remaining after being fully in-hibited is a molecular process catalyzed by hydrogen sulfide.