bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A central anti‐DNA idiotype in human and murine systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Eilat Dan , Fischel Ruth , Zlotnick Avinoam 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal anti‐DNA autoantibody A52 (IgG2b) was obtained from a (NZB × NZW)F1 (B/W) hybridoma. Two rabbits were immunized with the pure monoclonal antibody and produced anti‐idiotypic (Id) antibodies. The purified anti‐Id reacted with three different B/W monoclonal anti‐DNA antibodies at or close to their DNA binding sites. Moreover, the rabbit antibodies had a profound inhibitory effect on the polyclonal anti‐DNA activity in the majority of sera derived from B/W mice and human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The A52 IgG must, therefore, represent a major cross‐reactive Id of anti‐DNA immunoglobulins. In addition, the rabbit anti‐Id antibodies may act as the “internal image” of antigen and should prove useful in modulation of the autoimmune response to DNA in SLE.
Antibody‐mediated suppression of the immune response is determinant specific
Authors: Möller Göran 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt was studied whether antibody‐mediated suppression of the immune response was determinant specific. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)‐conjugated sheep red cells were used as the immunogen and antibodies were raised both against the carrier sheep red cells and the hapten FITC. When these antibodies were injected 1‐3 h after the immunogen they only suppressed the immune response to the corresponding determinant. Anti‐carrier antibodies usually enhanced the response to the hapten. Therefore, antibody‐mediated suppression of the immune response is determinant specific and cannot be mediated in vivo to a detectable extent by the Fc part of the antibodies.
Suppressor T cell induction by soluble OKT3 antibody does not require cross‐linking of the T3 molecule
Authors: Delfraissy Jean‐François , Wallon Christine , Boué François , Vazquez Aimé , Galanaud Pierre 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe monoclonal antibody OKT3 can induce T suppressor cells of the in vitro antibody response when used at concentrations as low as 10 ng/ml and in cultures containing as few as 4% OKT3‐pretreated T cells. These suppressor cells are radioresistant, cyclosporin sensitive and belong to the T4 as well as the T8 subpopulations. In contrast with the mitogenic effect of OKT3 the suppressor activity can be induced and expressed in highly monocyte‐depleted cultures. Moreover F(ab')z fragments of OKT3, although not mitogenic, are able to induce suppressor cells. Thus cross‐linking of the T3 molecule (such as that realized when intact OKT3 IgG and monocytes are present) is not required to induce suppressor cells among resting normal T cells.
Immune responses of thymusf/ymphocyte embryonic chimeras: studies on tolerance and major histocompatibility complex restriction in Xenopus
Authors: Flajnik Martin F. , Du Pasquier Louis , Cohen Nicholas 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new model has been developed to address the question of whether T cells that traverse an allogeneic thymus during early and late life become restricted to interact, in vivo, with other leukocytes and target cells that display the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens of the thymus haplotype. Chimeras were made microsur‐ gically with pairs of 24‐h‐old Xenopus embryos such that the anterior region of an embryonic chimera contained the thymus anlagen and was of one MHC genotype, whereas the posterior region contained the anlagen of all hemopoietic cells and was of another genotype. Assays to determine the MHC haplotype restriction specificity of T cells in chimeras that had been reared through metamorphosis involved: specific antibody responses (IgM and IgG) to dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin; rejection of minor H locus disparate skin grafts that expressed the MHC antigens of either the thymus donor or the lymphocyte donor; and mixed leukocyte culture. MHC‐mismatched chimeras displayed split tolerance since they accepted skin grafts of the thymus haplotype but had lymphocytes that proliferated in response to MHC antigens of the thymus donor strain as well as to MHC antigens of third‐party donors. IgM responses of MHC‐matched and MHC‐mismatched chimeras and of nonchimeric controls did not differ. However, the IgG responses of MHC‐mismatched thymus/ lymphocyte chimeras peaked later than those of MHC‐matched chimeras and normal controls. Data from skin grafting protocols were consistent with the proposition that there may be in vivo selection of T cells reactive to minor H antigens presented in association with the MHC antigens of the thymus rather than the MHC antigens of the lymphocytes themselves. These data suggest that although it is not absolute, there is thymic selection of the T cell repertoire in Xenopus.
In vivo suppression of T‐dependent antibody responses by treatment with a monoclonal anti‐L3T4 antibody
Authors: Coulie Pierre G. , Coutelier Jean‐Paul , Uyttenhove Catherine , Lambotte Paul , Van Snick Jacques 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMinute amounts of the anti‐L3T4 antibody designated GK1.5 were found to deeply suppress in vivo antibody responses to T‐dependent antigens. Primary responses to sheep erythrocytes were completely inhibited even when GK1.5 was administered up to 6 days before or 4 days after the antigen. Secondary responses to potent immunogens like sheep erythrocytes or keyhole limpet hemocyanin were also completely abolished by a single injection of GK1.5 just before the boost. This treatment had no effect on T‐independent reactions such a s the polyclonal activation of B lymphocytes with lipopolysaccharide or the anti‐2, 4,6‐ trinitrophenyl (TNP) response elicited by injection of TNP‐Ficoll.
T cell triggering by lectins I. Requirements for interleukin 2 production;er lectin concentration determines the accessory cell dependency
Authors: Roosnek Eddy E. , Brouwer Mieke C. , Aarden Lucien A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe requirements for lectin‐induced interleukin 2 (IL2) production by human T cells have been investigated. With two different types of T cells, the Jurkat T cell lymphoma and highly purified HLA class II− peripheral T cells, the amount of IL2 produced was strongly dependent on the lectin concentration used. Addition of accessory cells caused a shift in the dose‐response curve, resulting in strongly enhanced IL 2 production at low concentrations. Thus, the (absolute) accessory cell dependency for T cells to produce IL2 is defined by experimental conditions. Only at lectin concentrations that were found to be optimal in the presence of accessory cells, removal of these cells abrogates IL2 production. Furthermore, after depletion of monocytes IL2 production by peripheral T cells became almost completely dependent on the presence of thiols in the culture medium.In contrast, the IL2 production by the Jurkat line was not influenced by addition of thiols. The Jurkat model was used to study the nature of accessory cell because this cell line does not show any reactivity to allogeneic cells. Various myeloid and B lymphoid cell lines were tested as accessory cells. The capacity to function as accessory cell was not related to the monocytic origin of the cell. B cell lines were far more effective than monocytes, as two HLA class II− monocytic cell lines were not active. Even after HLA class II determinants were induced on these cells by incubation with an interferon‐γ‐containing conditioned medium, they failed to act as accessory cells. These experiments question the importance of HLA class II molecules and monokines, such as IL1, for lectin‐induced IL2 production.
Receptors for immunoglobulin isotypes (FcR) on murine T cells: I. Multiple FcR expression on T lymphocytes and hybridoma T cell clones
Authors: Daëron Marc , Yodoi Junji , Néauport‐Sautès Catherine , Moncuit Janine , Fridman Wolf H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT cell receptors for the Fc portion of the various isotypes of mouse immunoglobulins (FcR) were examined by rosette formation, using as indicator cells erythrocytes coated with monoclonal antibodies of all known isotypes of serum immunoglobulins. Three populations of mouse T cells were studied: normal thymocytes, activated T cells (ATC), generated by educating thymocytes in lethally irradiated allogeneic hosts, and hybridoma T cells, derived from somatic hybridization of ATC with the FcR‐negative thymoma BW.5147. We found that (a) many different FcR could be distinguished by their specificity for a single isotype or for a combination of several isotypes; (b) ATC and hybridoma T cells expressed several such receptors that, at least in cloned cells, could be demonstrated to be borne by individual cells; (c) hybridoma T cells of independent origin bore indistinguishable receptors whereas ATC expressed markedly different FcR and (d) upon overnight incubation at 37°C, immunoglobulins were found to bind onto the cell surface, even though no corresponding constitutive FcR was detected. The same was observed with hybridoma T cells and with thymocytes.It follows that a single T cell can express several FcR. Altogether, these FcR are capable of binding all known isotypes of serum immunoglobulins. They differ from one T cell to another.
Age‐dependent isotype variation during secondary immune response in MRL/lpr mice producing autoanti‐γ‐globulin antibodies
Authors: Manheimer Audrey , Bona Constantin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA profound inability to produce IgG anti‐2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP) antibodies during the secondary immune response elicited by a T‐dependent antigen was observed in aged MLR/lpr mice. This unresponsiveness is associated with a significantly low indirect anti‐TNP plaque‐forming cell response and a weak in vitro anti‐TNP response upon the culture of keyhole limpet hemocyanin‐primed T cells and TNP‐primed B cells in the presence of TNP. The markedly low IgG anti‐TNP response observed in aged MLR/lpr mice cannot be related to the presence of rheumatoid factors which are observed during the secondary response, since MRL +/+ and 129/J mice, (non‐ autoimmune disease strains), also produce significant amounts of anti‐γ‐globulin antibodies yet mount a strong IgG anti‐TNP response.
Fine specificity analysis of lactate dehydrogenase B‐specific proliferating T cell clones: implications for the mechanism of alloreactivity
Authors: Nagy Zoltan A. , Servis Catherine , Walden Peter , Klein Jan , Goldbergn Erwin 
Published: February 2007

AbstractT cell clones of C57BL/6 origin which recognize porcine lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH‐BP) together with the Ab molecule were characterized in terms of fine specificity for both LDH‐B and self‐major histocompatibility complex determinants. Using antigen‐presenting cells from the Ab‐mutant strain B6.C‐H‐2bm12 (bm12), three clonotypes could be distinguished: the first responds to LDH‐BP + bm12, the second fails to respond and the third is alloreactive to bm12. The last clone exhibits additional alloreactivities to A molecules expressed in strains of H‐2 haplotypes f, r, s, u, w6, w7, w16, w17 and w23. All three clonotypes give identical response patterns to a panel of 17 different dehydrogenase enzymes, and react to the same tryptic peptide of LDH‐BP. Thus, these clones appear to recognize the same LDH‐B epitope together with at least 3 different determinants of the Ab molecule. The data suggest that alloreactivity is more closely related to T cell specificity for self‐major histocompatibility complex than to specificity for foreign antigen.
A third polypeptide associated with heavy and light chain subunits of class I HLA antigens in immune interferon‐treated human melanoma cells
Authors: Giacomini Patrizio , Aguzzi Adriano , Tecce Raffaele , Fisher Paul B. , Ferrone Soldano 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecombinant immune interferon (IFN‐γ) increases the synthesis, expression and shedding of class I HLA antigens by the cultured human melanoma cell line Colo 38. The magnitude of the IFN‐γ‐induced changes in class I HLA antigens is dependent on both the dose and the time of exposure to IFN‐γ and is more pronounced on the heavy chain subunit than on β2‐microglobulin (β2m). In addition, a third, distinct polypeptide with a molecular mass of 14 kDa is present as a major component of the class I HLA molecular pool in IFN‐γ‐treated melanoma cells. As IFN‐γ preferentially increases the synthesis of the heavy chain over that of β2m, the newly induced 14‐kDa component appears to quantitatively replace β2m. The stoichiometric relationship between the three molecules suggests that the IFN‐γ‐induced 14‐kDa component may be involved in the insertion of the heavy chain subunit into the plasma membrane.
Human lymphocytes induce a differential release of prostaglandin E2 and interleukin 1‐like mononuclear cell factor from normal blood monocytes
Authors: Roth Arnaud , Kaufmann Marie‐Thérèse , Cruchaud André , Dayer Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2007

AbstractLymphocytes influence the production of both prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 1 (IL1) by monocytes. We have examined whether these two products are released concomitantly or not under identical culture conditions using monocyte‐ and lymphocyte‐enriched populations obtained on Percoll gradient. IL1 was measured as mononuclear cell factor (IL1/MCF). When incubated with concanavalin A, the monocyte‐enriched fraction (MF; 80–91% monocytes), but not the lymphocyte‐enriched fraction (LF; 95% lymphocytes) produced increasing amounts of PGE2 and MCF. However, when LF cells were added to MF cells in culture, a 40% to 60% decrease of PGE2 secretion was observed whereas the MCF production remained unchanged or increased up to 26‐fold. Such a dissociation between IL1 and PGE2 production by monocytes indicates independent regulation mechanisms in controlling the immune response under the influence of lymphocytes.
Human monoclonal anti‐DNA antibodies react as lymphocytotoxic antibodies
Authors: Shoenfeld Yehuda , Zamir Rina , Joshua Henri , Lavie Gad , Pinkhas Jacob 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo out of 25 monoclonal anti‐DNA autoantibodies that were produced by human‐human hybridoma were found to have lymphocytotoxic activity. The antibodies reacted with normal B and T lymphocytes at cold (4°C) as well as at warm (37°C) temperatures. The lymphocytotoxic activity of the monoclonal anti‐DNA antibodies could be inhibited by prior incubation of the antibodies with either polynucleotides, e.g. poly (I), poly(dT) or anti‐idiotypic antibodies, that had been raised against a dominant anti‐DNA antibody. The cross‐reactivity between nuclear material and lymphocyte membrane raises the question whether these apparently diverse materials have a shared epitope. The cross‐reactivity between anti‐DNA antibodies and lymphocyte membrane may account in part for the lymphopenia observed in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
Lysis of hybridoma cells bearing anti‐clonotypic surface immunoglobulin by clonotype‐expressing alloreactive cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Hua Christine , Buferne Michel , Schmitt‐Verhulst Anne‐Marie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA B cell hybridoma (Désiré‐1) was derived which secreted and expressed at its cell surface immunoglobulin (Ig) specific for the antigen‐specific T cell receptor (Ti) of an H‐2Kb‐specific alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone (KB5‐C20). It was found that the CTL clone could lyse hybridoma Désiré‐1, whereas it could not lyse hybridoma which expressed surface Ig (sIg) binding to other cell surface structures of clone KB5‐C20 such as the H‐2Kk molecule. Blocking of CTL‐target cell interactions using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) indicated that the CTL‐target cell interaction was inhibited with appropriate anti‐H‐2 mAb and by anti‐Lyt‐2 mAb when CTL‐H‐2Kbinteraction was involved but not when CTL‐sIg interaction was involved. The two types of interactions were inhibited by anti‐LFA‐1 mAb. The involvement of the CTL‐Ti structure was necessary to obtain a lytic interaction between CTL and target cells, but a major histocompatibility complex product on the target cells did not need to be involved. Comparison of CTL‐target cell inhibition with cold target cells or with anti‐clonotypic mAb indicated that the Ti‐slg cellular interaction was of much higher apparent affinity than the Ti‐H‐2Kb cellular interaction. These results further suggest potential regulatory effects of CTL‐B cell cross‐idiotypic interactions.
Dominant suppressive effect of the silent E allele on an in vivo T helper cell response under E E region‐linked immune response gene control
Authors: Bogen Bjarne 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPrevious adoptive spleen cell transfer experiments have demonstrated that an immune response (Ir) gene linked to the E E region allows BALB/c T helper lymphocytes (Th) to respond to an idiotope on the Vλ2315 fragment of isologous myeloma protein M315. BALB.K (H‐2k) and BALB.B (H‐2b) do not respond to Vλ2315. While (H‐2d × H‐2k)F1 hybrids have been shown to be responders, it is now demonstrated that (H‐2d × H‐2b)F1 hybrids are low responders. By crossing BALB/c with various H‐2 recombinants on B10 background and probing Th responsiveness to Vλ2315 in these F1 hybrids, the dominant suppressive gene of the H‐2b haplotype is mapped to E Sb. It is argued that the suppressive gene is E, which is a silent allele. A likely explanation for the suppressive effect of the E allele is that reduced amounts of E: E restriction elements are present on antigen‐presenting cells of (H‐2d × H‐2b)F1hybrids because only one Ea gene is functional in such mice. The present report extends previous in vitro findings from other laboratories to the in vivo situation and suggests that silent alleles for class II molecule chains may profoundly affect certain immune responses of individuals heterozygous for the silent allele.
Mapping the functional topography of Fcγ with monoclonal antibodies: localization of epitopes interacting with the binding sites of Fc receptor on human K cells
Authors: Sármay Gabriella , Jefferis Roy , Klein Eva , Benczur Miklós , Gergely Janos 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific for the Cγ2, Cγ3 or inter Cγ2/Cγ3 domain epitopes was tested for inhibition of antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) specific for anti‐D IgG‐coated erythrocytes. Significant inhibition of ADCC was demonstrable for some antibodies having specificity for Cγ2 or Cγ3 domain epitopes, while others gave no inhibition. Fab fragments of a representative Cγ2‐specific antibody (A55) and Cγ3‐specific antibody (x3a8) retained their inhibitory capacity in lymphocyte‐mediated ADCC, but only A55 Fab inhibited monocyte‐mediated lysis. Furthermore, the Fab portion of A55 completely abolished the complement‐dependent enhancement of ADCC mediated by concanavalin A‐stimulated cells, while x3a8 Fab had no effect in this system. On the other hand, x3a8 Fab inhibited the binding of anti‐D IgG‐sensitized erythrocytes to lymphocytes while A55 Fab did not influence this latter interaction. The results suggest that Cγ2 domain‐FcR interaction is essential for the triggering of lytic process both in lymphocyte and in monocyte‐mediated ADCC, while Cγ3 domain has no role in the latter but is responsible for the appropriate contact between effector lymphocytes and target cells. A site in the region of Lys274 appears to be critical for triggering of both lymphocyte and monocyte‐mediated ADCC.
Partial purification and biological properties of an eosinophil‐activating factor
Authors: Thorne Kareen J. I. , Richardson Brian A. , Veith Monica C. , Tai Po‐Chun , Spry Christopher J. F. , Butterworth Anthony E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA protein (eosinophil‐activating factor, EAF), which enhances the capacity of human peripheral blood eosinophils to kill antibody‐coated schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni, has been partially purified from supernatants of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells by sequential chromatography on Sephacryl S200 and DEAE‐cellulose. This protein is acidic with a molecular mass on gel filtration of 40 ± 7 kDa. It not only enhances the activity of eosinophils against schistosomula but also increases their ability to lyse antibody‐coated, herpes simplex virus‐infected Chang liver cells. It enhances the production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by eosinophils that occurs both spontaneously and in response to opsonized zymosan. However, increased respiratory burst activity does not appear to be responsible for the enhancement of eosinophil‐mediated killing of schistosomula, since a comparable or greater increase in hydrogen peroxide production is induced by column fractions that have little or no effect on schistosomulum killing. EAF enhances eosinophil degranulation, both spontaneously and after incubation with opsonized zymosan. Enhanced degranulation is associated with release of eosinophil peroxidase and eosinophil cationic protein. These findings suggest that EAF enhances the capacity of eosinophils to kill parasites by increasing the extent of eosinophil degranulation and the amount of toxic granule proteins that are secreted.
T cell recognition of ragweed allergen Ra3: Localization of the full T cell recognition profile by synthetic overlapping peptides representing the entire protein chain
Authors: Kurisaki Jun‐Ichi , Atassi Hammad , Atassi M. Zouhair 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the preceding report, we described the systematic localization of the full profile of the continuous antigenic sites on ragweed allergen, Ra3, with antibodies from three different host species using a comprehensive strategy, previously introduced by this laboratory. The strategy consists of studying the immunochemical activity of a series of consecutive synthetic overlapping peptides, of uniform size and overlaps, which encompass the entire protein chain. This study reports the localization of the continuous regions on Ra3 that are recognized by T cells from mice immunized with Ra3. The 10 overlapping peptides encompassing the entire Ra3 molecule were examined in vitro for their ability to stimulate lymph node cells from Ra3‐primed BALB/c (H‐2d), C3H/He (H‐2k) SWR (H‐2q) and SJL (H‐2s) mice. Several regions of the molecule (T sites) were found to stimulate Ra3‐primed lymph node cells. This strategy has enabled the localization of the full submolecular profile of T cell recognition of the Ra3 molecule by these mouse strains. Three of the regions recognized by T cells coincided with regions recognized by antibodies (i.e. B cells). It is noteworthy that in addition to sites recognized by both T and B cells the protein has at least one site which is recognized exclusively by T cells and to which no detectable antibody response is directed.