bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 AND ITS EFFECT ON THE FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY IN KERALA, GOD'S OWN COUNTRY
Authors: SALEEM Dr. SHANIMON , THOMAS VINCE , J AELYAMMA P 
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 has affected domestic and international food industries as a
result of government closures of restaurants and bars in an attempt to
stop the spread of the disease. The restaurant industry greatly aids
every nation’s economic stability. This study aimed to determine how
COVID-19 restrictions would affect eateries and other related
businesses. The primary subjects of this study were restaurant owners in
the Idukki neighborhood. This study aims to investigate how lockdown
restrictions affect Idukki District’s restaurant businesses. The
challenges faced by restaurant owners during the pandemic, the
strategies they employed, the degree to which customers were happy with
the services they received, and customers’ expectations for the future
of the restaurant industry are all covered in this research. The nature
of the restaurant industry is described and examined in this study.
Kerala, India’s Idukki District, was home to the chosen sample.
According to research, restaurants used technology extensively as a
strategy during the outbreak, taking into account the opinions of their
patrons. The majority of restaurants offered home delivery and online
ordering, which fueled the growth of the restaurant business in Idukki
District. Orders are fulfilled according to customer preferences, which
aid restaurants in maintaining patrons throughout the pandemic.
ENCIO Project: A European Approach to 700°C Power Plant
Authors: Di Gianfrancesco A. , Tizzanini A. , Jedamzik M. , Stolzenberger C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
ENCIO (European Network for Component Integration and Optimization) is a European project aiming at qualifying materials, components, manufacturing processes, as well as erection and repair concepts, as follow-up of COMTES700 activities and by means of erecting and operating a new Test Facility. The 700°C technology is a key factor for the increasing efficiency of coal fired power plants, improving environmental and economic sustainability of coal fired power plants and achieving successful deployment of carbon capture and storage technologies. The ENCIO-project is financed by industrial and public funds. The project receives funding from the European Community's Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS) under grant agreement n° RFCPCT-2011-00003. The ENCIO started on 1 July 2011. The overall project duration is six years (72 months), to allow enough operating hours, as well as related data collection, investigations and evaluation of results. The ENCIO Test Facility will be installed in the “Andrea Palladio” Power Station which is owned and operated by ENEL, located in Fusina, very close to Venice (Italy). The Unit 4 was selected for the installation of the Test Facility and the loops are planned for 20.000 hours of operation at 700°C. The present paper summarizes the current status of the overall process design of the thick-walled components, the test loops and the scheduled operating conditions, the characterizations program for the base materials and the welded joints, like creep and microstructural analysis also after service exposure.
India's National A-USC Mission - Plan and Progress
Authors: Mathur Alok , Bhutani O.P , Jayakumar T. , Dubey D.K. , Chetal S.C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
India's current installed power generating capacity is about 225,000 MW, of which about 59% is coal based. It is projected that India would require an installed capacity of over 800,000 MW by 2032. Coal is likely to remain the predominant source of energy in India till the middle of the century. India is also committed to reducing the CO2 emission intensity of its economy and has drawn up a National Action Plan for Climate Change, which, inter alia, lays emphasis on the deployment of clean coal technologies. With this backdrop, a National Mission for the Development of Advanced Ultra Supercritical Technology has been initiated. The Mission objectives include development of advanced high temperature materials, manufacturing technologies and design of equipment. A corrosion test loop in an existing plant is also proposed. Based on the technology developed, an 800 MW Demonstration A-USC plant will be established. Steam parameters of 310 kg/cm2, 710 °C / 720 °C have been selected. Work on selection of materials, manufacture of tubes, welding trials and design of components has been initiated. The paper gives details of India's A-USC program and the progress achieved.
T/P24 (7CRMOVTIB10-10) a Bainitic-Martensitic Steel Grade for Super Heater and Water Wall Applications in Modern Ultra Super Critical Power Plants: Lessons Learned
Authors: Jarrar M. , Gevelmann G. , Heuser H. , Tak K.G. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the development and qualification of a bainitic-martensitic steel grade and its matching welding consumables for power plants operating under ultra-supercritical steam conditions (605/625°C and 300/80 bar). It provides insights into recent developments and offers practical considerations for handling this material (grade T24) from the perspective of both tubular component manufacturers and welding consumable producers. The paper is structured into three main sections: (1) Development and qualification of the T24 steel base material. (2) Development, qualification, and recommendations for welding consumables compatible with T24 steel. (3) Experiences during manufacturing and installation of components using T24 steel, concluding with key takeaways.
Effect of Temperature, Alloy Composition and Surface Treatment on the Steamside Oxidation / Oxide Exfoliation Behavior of Candidate A-USC Boiler Materials
Authors: Sarver J. M. , Tanzosh J. M. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
As part of the Boiler Materials for Ultrasupercritical Coal Power Plants program, sponsored by the United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) and the Ohio Coal Development Office (OCDO), the steamside oxidation and oxide exfoliation behavior of candidate alloys have been thoroughly evaluated in steam at temperatures between 620°C and 800°C (1148°F and 1472°F) for times up to 10,000 hours. The results from this test program indicate that the oxidation rates and oxide morphologies associated with steamside oxidation are a strong function of the crystallographic lattice structure and the chromium content of the material. Oxide exfoliation correlates to oxide thickness. The time required to reach the critical oxide thickness for exfoliation can be estimated based on oxidation kinetic relationships. For austenitic stainless steels, shot peening is effective in reducing steamside oxidation/exfoliation, but the efficacy of this technique is limited by the operating temperature. Nickel-based alloys exhibit very low oxidation/exfoliation rates, but have a propensity to form aluminum/titanium oxides along near surface grain boundaries.
Effect of Oxygen Content of Steam on the Steam Oxidation Behavior of Boiler Tube Materials
Authors: Nakagawa K. , Matsunaga Y. , Tanoue T. , Hayasaka T. , Matsumura K. , Takagi Y. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
CWT (combined water treatment) was introduced in Japan in 1990 and over 50 power generation boilers are now in operation. However, the effect of oxygenated treatment on the steam oxidation of the ferritic-martensitic steels and austenitic stainless steels that are used for superheaters and reheaters is currently far from clear. In this study, laboratory tests were used to examine the effect of the oxygen level of the feed water on the scale growth and the scale exfoliation propensity of T91 ferritic-martensitic steel and 300-series austenitic stainless steels, as represented by TP316H and TP347H (coarse- and fine-grained, respectively). The oxygen level of the feed water had little effect on the steam oxidation rates of all the steels tested. Hematite (Fe2O3) formed in the outer layer of the oxide scales on both the ferritic and austenitic steels and is considered to have been encouraged in the simulated CWT atmosphere. The adhesion strength of the oxide scale formed on T91 in the simulated CWT atmosphere, that is, scale in which hematite was present, was lower than that of the oxide scale formed in the simulated AVT (all volatile treatment) atmosphere. The oxidation rate of fine-grained TP347H was confirmed to be slower than that of coarse-grained TP316H. Hematite significantly influenced the scale exfoliation of the austenitic steels and the critical oxide thickness for exfoliation decreased with increasing proportion of hematite in the outer scale.
Comparison of Coal-Ash Corrosion Resistance of Alloys Exposed to Advanced Air-Coal and Oxy-Coal Combustion Environments
Authors: Kung Steven C. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A combined pilot-scale combustion test and long-term laboratory study investigated the impact of oxy-firing on corrosion in coal-fired boilers. Four coals were burned under both air and oxy-firing conditions with identical heat input, with oxy-firing using flue gas recirculation unlike air-firing. Despite higher SO2 and HCl concentrations in oxy-firing, laboratory tests showed no increase in corrosion rates compared to air-firing. This is attributed to several factors: (1) Reduced diffusion: High CO2 in oxy-firing densified the gas phase, leading to slower diffusion of corrosive species within the deposit. (2) Lower initial sulfate: Oxy-fired deposits initially contained less sulfate, a key hot corrosion culprit, due to the presence of carbonate. (3) Reduced basicity: CO2 and HCl reduced the basicity of sulfate melts, leading to decreased dissolution of metal oxides and mitigating hot corrosion. (4) Limited carbonate/chloride formation: The formation of less corrosive carbonate and chloride solutes was restricted by low O2 and SO3 near the metal surface. These findings suggest that oxy-firing may not pose a greater corrosion risk than air-firing for boiler materials.
Fireside Corrosion and Carburization of Superheater Materials in Simulated Oxyfuel Combustion Conditions
Authors: Tuurna Satu , Pohjanne Pekka , Yli-Olli Sanni , Coda Edgardo , Vänskä Kyösti 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Oxyfuel combustion is considered as one of the most promising technologies to facilitate CO2 capture from flue gases. In oxyfuel combustion, the fuel is burned in a mixture of oxygen and recirculated flue gas. Flue gas recirculation increases the levels of fireside CO2, SO2, Cl and moisture, and thus promotes fouling and corrosion. In this paper the corrosion performance of two superheater austenitic stainless steels (UNS S34710 and S31035) and one Ni base alloy (UNS N06617) has been determined in laboratory tests under simulated oxyfuel conditions with and without a synthetic carbonate based deposits (CaCO3 - 15 wt% CaSO4, CaCO3 - 14wt% CaSO4 - 1 KCl) at 650 and 720°C up to 1000 hours. No carburization of the metal substrate was observed after exposure to simulated oxyfuel gas atmospheres without deposit, although some carbon enrichment was detected near the oxide metal interface. At 720°C a very thin oxide formed on all alloy surfaces while the weight changes were negative. This negative weight change observed is due to chromium evaporation in the moist testing condition. At the presence of deposits, corrosion accelerated and considerable metal loss of austenitic alloys was observed at 720°C. In addition, clear carburization of austenitic steel UNS S34710 occurred.
Evaluation of Creep Rupture Strength in Ni-Based Alloy Weldments for an Advanced USC Boiler
Authors: Komai Nobuyoshi , Saito Nobuhiko , Takei Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A Japanese national project has been undertaken since Aug. 2008 with the objective of developing an advanced ultra-supercritical power plant (A-USC) with a steam temperature of 700°C. Fe-Ni and Ni-based alloys, namely HR6W, HR35, Alloy617, Alloy740, Alloy263 and Alloy141, were taken as candidate materials for piping and superheater/reheater tubes in an A-USC boiler. Weldments of these alloys were manufactured by GTAW, after which long term creep rupture tests were conducted at 700°C, 750°C and 800°C. Weldments of HR6W, HR35 and Alloy617 showed similar creep strength as compared with these base metals. Weldments of Alloy740 tended to fail in the HAZ, and it is considered that voids and cracks preferentially formed in the small precipitation zone along the grain boundary in the HAZ. The creep strength of Alloy263 in weldments exhibited the highest level among all the alloys, although HAZ failure occurred in the low stress test condition. A weld strength reduction factor will be needed to avoid HAZ failure in Alloy740 and Alloy263. Also, to prevent premature failure in weld metal, optimization of the chemical composition of weld filler materials will be required.
Development of Welding and Fabrication Technologies in Advanced USC Boiler
Authors: Kubushirio Keiji , Matsuoka Takaaki , Ohkuma Yoshitomo , Nakagawa Hirokatsu , Aoki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Welding processes and fabrication techniques have been studied in the development of Advanced USC boilers. Advanced 9Cr steels, Fe-Ni alloy (HR6W) and Nickel base alloys (HR35, Alloy 617, Alloy 263, Alloy 740 and Alloy 740H) have been selected as candidate materials for the boiler. The weld joints of these alloys were prepared from plates, small diameter tubes and large pipes, and welding procedure tests were performed. In this study, TIG and SMAW were applied. Both welding process produced good weld joints, and they showed good results in bending tests, tensile tests and the Charpy impact test. To select the annealing conditions for stress relief, stress relaxation tests and hardness tests were conducted on the weld joints after various heat treatments. The microstructure was also evaluated by SEM and TEM. Creep rupture tests are being performed for the weld joints with and without heat treatment. The maximum creep rupture tests are expected to take over 100,000 hours. In the study of fabrication techniques, hot bending tests by high frequency induction heating for large pipes and cold/hot bending tests for small diameter tubes were established. After the bending tests, mechanical property tests such as tensile tests, impact tests and creep rupture tests were conducted. The effect of pre-strain on creep strength was studied to take the creep test results after bending into consideration. The creep rupture test will be continued for specimens from weld joints and bending pipes to show their long term reliability.
Role of Half Yield on Creep Life Prediction of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels
Authors: Kimura Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Inflection is observed at 50% of 0.2% offset yield stress, that is HALF YIELD, on the relation between stress and creep rupture life of creep strength enhanced ferritic steels with tempered martensitic microstructure. Similar shape is generally recognized on the ferritic steels with martensitic or bainitic microstructure, in contrast to ferritic steels with ferrite and pearlite microstructure, as well as austenitic steels and superalloys except for several alloys. Ferritic steel with martensitic or bainitic microstructure indicates softening during creep exposure, however, hardening due to precipitation takes place in the ferritic steels with ferrite and pearlite microstructure and austenitic steels. This difference in microstructural evolution is associated with indication of inflection at half yield. Stress range of half yield in the stress vs. creep life diagram of creep strength enhanced ferritic steels is wider than that of conventional ferritic creep resistant steels with martensitic or bainitic microstructure. As a result of wide stress range of boundary condition, risk of overestimation of long-term creep rupture strength by extrapolating the data in the high-stress regime to the low-stress regime is considered to be high for creep strength enhanced ferritic steels.
In-Situ Full Field Creep Deformation Study of Creep Resistant Materials Welds
Authors: Yu Xinghua , Feng Zhili , Yamamoto Yukinori 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The current study proposed a new method that utilizes digital image correlation (DIC) techniques to measure in-situ full field strain maps of creep resistant material welds. The stress-rupture test is performed in a Gleeble thermal mechanical simulator. This technique successfully captured a significant difference in the local creep deformation between two Grade 91 steel welds with different pre-welding conditions (standard and non-standard). Strain contour plots exhibited inhomogeneous deformation in the weldments, especially at the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Standard heat-treated specimens had significant creep deformation in the HAZ. On the other hand, non-standard heat treated specimens showed HAZ local strains to be 4.5 times less than that of the standard condition, after a 90-hour creep test at 650°C and 70 MPa. The present study measured the full field strain evolution in the weldments during creep deformation for the first time. The proposed method demonstrated a potential advantage to evaluate local creep deformation in the weldments of any creep resistant material within relatively short periods of time.
Klasik Şiirde Cinsiyet Temelli Bir İnceleme: Nedim Divanı Örneği
Authors: OKTAY Adnan 
Published: March 2024

Eski Türk edebiyatında sevgilinin cinsiyeti merkezli tartışma bir süreden beridir devam etmektedir. Bu tartışmanın temelinde sevgilinin cinsiyetinin belirsizliği yer almaktadır. Allah, peygamber, sultan, paşa, yönetici, şeyh, mürşit, âlim gibi çeşitli anlam katmanlarında işlenmesi, sevgilinin cinsiyetinin belirlenmesini zorlaştırmaktadır. Tabii olarak sevgilinin erkek ya da kadın olması hususunda bir sonuca varmak güçleşmiştir. Klasik şiirde bazen şairin ya da âşığın erkek olmasına rağmen kadın; kadın olmasına rağmen erkek cinsiyetini tercih etmesi, bu dönem edebiyatında eşcinsel yaklaşımların varlığını akla getirmiştir.
Bu çalışmada geleneğin belirlediği estetik anlayış çerçevesinde şiirin ana karakterlerinden biri olan sevgilinin cinsiyeti, Nedîm Dîvân’ı merkeze alınarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma yapılırken belge tarama, karşılaştırma, araştırma ve analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuç itibariyle Nedîm Dîvân’ında sevgili, klasik şiir geleneği çerçevesinde işlenmiş; ancak eserde yer yer eşcinsel çağrışımların izlerine de rastlanmıştır.
Informasi Anatomi MSCT Sinus Paranasal pada Suspek Sinusitis dengan Variasi Rekonstruksi Algorithma
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Wibowo Gatot Murti , Ardiyanto Jeffri , Ummah Sylvia Ishlahul 
Published: March 2024

Background: The standard operating procedure with the bone window technique and bone reconstruction algorithm is referred to the MSCT protocol for paranasal sinuses in Hospital. However, the majority of radiologists select a protocol that implements the algorithm reconstruction, which is still trial and error without an organized protocol development study. There is a chance that the accuracy of the MSCT SPN and the quality of the picture data may become crucial problems. This study set out to assess and examine the algorithmic reconstruction method that can yield more accurate SPN anatomical data in sinusitis suspects.Methods: A quasi-experimental technique was taken in conducting the research. Three filters (bone, boneplus, and edge) of the reconstruction method were used to get thirty SPN images from ten patients. The images were assessed by the two expert radiologist.Results: The results of non-parametric was obtained based on statistical tests using the Friedman test ρ-value of anatomy, namely 0.00 less than 0.05. These results indicate that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that there are differences in anatomical information between variations of bone, boneplus, and edge reconstruction algorithms on the MSCT scan examination of the paranasal sinuses with sinusitis suspect. The Friedman test results using the mean rank values of each anatomy show that Boneplus is superior in terms of visualizing anatomy. The Friedman test's mean rank value of the entire anatomy yielded the result that the boneplus reconstruction algorithm is superior to the bone and edge reconstruction algorithm in displaying anatomical information on the MSCT scan of the paranasal sinuses with sinusitis suspect.Conclusions: Based on value mean rank For each Friedman test anatomy and the results of the frequency distribution, variations of the bone plus reconstruction algorithm are more optimal in displaying anatomical information on the MSCT Scan of the paranasal sinuses compared with the edge and bone reconstruction algorithms.
MIGRACIÓN EN TRÁNSITO, APORTES PARA SU ESTUDIO EN EL ESCENARIO POBLANO.
Authors: Sánchez Gavi José Luis , Ortega Ramirez Adriana Sletza 
Published: March 2024

<p>El trabajo analiza la migración centroamericana en su paso por México y más concretamente nos enfocamos en el tránsito por el estado de Puebla, entidad enclavada en el centro del país. Observamos y discutimos las acciones que ha emprendido el gobierno federal y los avances particularmente en materia jurídica, con normas y leyes que buscan regular y proteger esta modalidad migratoria, así como los obstáculos y retos de enfrenta. Consideramos el volumen de la migración y los parámetros para su estimación. Revisamos las estimaciones del tránsito y datos para la entidad apoyados en las cifras de la Unidad de Política Migratoria, entidad adscrita a la Secretaria de Gobernación, sobre los migrantes asegurados aportando un análisis de los mismos.</p><p>Observamos el reacomodo que se ha operado en las rutas, especialmente la que cruza la entidad, toda vez que ha adquirido mayor relevancia en el transito migratorio, además de formar parte de un segundo filtro de contención de migrantes, junto con otras entidades del centro del país, parte funcional de la denominada Frontera vertical.</p><p>Todo ello parte del engranaje en la implementación del Plan Integral Frontera Sur el cual ha rendido frutos con una más rígida política de contención y de expulsión de migrantes en respuesta a la política de securitización del vecino del norte, lo que se traduce en una externalización de las fronteras, como ya sucede en otras regiones del mundo</p><p>Presentamos el debate en torno a la detención de los migrantes y los centros de alojamiento, destacando el caso poblano.</p>
Qualitative Content Analysis for Enhancing Intercultural Sensitivity in Cross-Cultural Management
Authors: Li Xin , Longpradit Panchit 
Published: March 2024

This article presents the intercultural sensitivity improvement in cross-cultural management by qualitative content analysis, by collecting journals published during the year 2015-2020, to sort out the contents of cross-cultural management in the area of intercultural sensitivity of intercultural education. Findings indicate that six categories with thirteen sub-categories of collected materials, which consisted of teaching pedagogies (formal, non-formal, and informal education), symptoms of negative feelings, reasons of negative feelings (self and others), motivations, solutions (self and agencies), and results of solutions. The guideline proposed emphasizes for the process based on these findings, suggests management to assess teaching environments, recognize and approve students’ requirements, narrow cultural gaps, and judge the final objectives fulfillments. With this discovery, future literature reviews can utilize it as reference in the field of cross-cultural management.