bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five Years On: Public Sector Service Use Related to Mental Health in Young People with ADHD or Hyperkinetic Disorder Five Years After Diagnosis
Authors: Ford Tamsin , Fowler Tom , Langley Kate , Whittinger Naureen , Thapar Anita 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Little is known about ongoing service use among young people with ADHD, but this information is important to the development of services to support these young people.Methods:  A cohort of young people with ADHD or hyperkinetic disorder (n = 115) was followed up five to seven years after diagnosis. Details are presented of their use of public sector services over the 12 months preceding reassessment, compared to young people with ADHD from a large epidemiological study.Results:  Most children remained in contact with CAMHS, with high rates of contact with schools, educational professionals and the criminal justice system. Nearly all had taken medication at some point, while many still were using it. There were low reported rates of psychological and group interventions within the last twelve months, but this does not rule out earlier access to such treatments.Conclusions:  Children with ADHD utilise long‐term support from public sector services, and cross agency strategies or clinics may help to optimise functioning.
EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN INFORMATION QUALITY AND SYSTEMATIC RISK
Authors: Cai Charlie X. , Faff Robert W. , Hillier David , Mohamed Suleiman 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe examine the effect of information quality around earnings announcements and insider trading events on equity systematic risk. Our results indicate that observed systematic risk significantly increases after these events. Consistent with the insights provided by our framework, the change in systematic risk is increasing in the ratio of event‐related to pre‐event information quality. Our results have implications for all empirical work attempting to model security returns around firm and macroeconomic announcements.
SYMMETRIC VERSUS ASYMMETRIC CONDITIONAL COVARIANCE FORECASTS: DOES IT PAY TO SWITCH?
Authors: Thorp Susan , Milunovich George 
Published: August 2007

AbstractVolatilities and correlations for equity markets rise more after negative returns shocks than after positive shocks. Allowing for these asymmetries in covariance forecasts decreases mean‐variance portfolio risk and improves investor welfare. We compute optimal weights for international equity portfolios using predictions from asymmetric covariance forecasting models and a spectrum of expected returns. Investors who are moderately risk averse, have longer rebalancing horizons, and hold U.S. equities benefit most and may be willing to pay around 100 basis points annually to switch from symmetric to asymmetric forecasts. Accounting for asymmetry in both variances and correlations significantly lowers realized portfolio risk.
THE INFLUENCE OF FIRM‐ AND CEO‐SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS ON THE USE OF NONLINEAR DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Huang Pinghsun , Ryan Harley E. , Wiggins Roy A. 
Published: August 2007

AbstractWe examine why firms use nonlinear derivatives (e.g., options). Our results suggest that option characteristics in investment opportunities and debt, the payoff structure of incentive compensation, and free cash‐flow agency problems influence the firm's choice. Investment opportunities, internally generated cash flow, business risk, and option compensation positively influence the use of nonlinear currency derivatives. Option feature in bonds positively influence the use of nonlinear interest rate derivatives, whereas bonus and stock compensation, and CEO tenure have a negative influence. In sum, nonlinear cash flow characteristics in investment opportunity, debt, and executive compensation all relate positively to nonlinear derivative usage.
A review and analyses of plumb‐line calibration
Authors: Lerma José L. , Cabrelles Miriam 
Published: August 2007

Abstract Radial and decentring distortion parameters have long been reported as fundamental elements in camera calibration, especially in digital close range photogrammetry. This paper reports on an investigation for the determination of both radial and decentring distortion parameters using analytical plumb‐line calibration. Straight line patterns, ranging from 1, 2, 4, 10 and up to 20 lines, not strictly plumb, are examined on a set of distorted imagery. Additionally, not only the number of straight lines but also the linear image distribution is analysed. For that purpose, linear features have been distributed in different positions and orientations over the whole of the imagery. Furthermore, the relationship between the parameters mentioned and the location of the principal point is also analysed, and shows how sensitive they are to deviations from the centre of the sensor. The motivation for this paper is the measurement of the minimum number of linear features for proper calibration of non‐metric digital cameras. Both radial and decentring distortion parameters are examined. Finally, some line patterns are recommended for making the plumb‐line calibration technique a reliable, easy and fast procedure. Photogrammetrists could use it as a first step in the procedure of camera calibration; users who are not experts in photogrammetry could employ it as a final step.
Technical terminology for the photogrammetric community
Authors: Newby Paul R. T. 
Published: August 2007

Abstract The editorial team of The Photogrammetric Record has long felt the need for standardised photogrammetric terminology, in order both to eliminate inconsistency within individual authors’ work and to maintain consistency within the publication over time. To this end a guidance document was produced in 2000–2001 for internal use only. After a succession of revisions this is now published for the first time. It is hoped that, as well as helping authors to prepare papers for submission to the Record, the present list may become widely accepted or, failing that, may lead to correspondence, revision and ultimately a consensus which will be to the benefit of photogrammetrists and those who publish their work worldwide.
Visual Field Severity Indices Demonstrate Dose‐Dependent Visual Loss from Vigabatrin Therapy
Authors: Conway Miriam , Cubbidge Robert P. , Hosking Sarah L. 
Published: August 2007

Summary
Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop an algorithm to accurately quantify Vigabatrin (VGB)‐induced central visual field loss and to investigate the relationship between visual field loss and maximum daily dose, cumulative dose and duration of dose.
Methods: The sample comprised 31 patients (mean age 37.9 years; SD 14.4 years) diagnosed with epilepsy and exposed to VGB. Each participant underwent standard automated static visual field examination of the central visual field. Central visual field loss was determined using continuous scales quantifying severity in terms of area and depth of defect and additionally by symmetry of defect between the two eyes. A simultaneous multiple regression model was used to explore the relationship between these visual field parameters and the drug predictor variables.
Results: The regression model indicated that maximum VGB dose was the only factor to be significantly correlated with individual eye severity (right eye: p = 0.020; left eye: p = 0.012) and symmetry of visual field defect (p = 0.024).
Conclusions: Maximum daily dose was the single most reliable indicator of those patients likely to exhibit visual field defects due to VGB. These findings suggest that high maximum dose is more likely to result in visual field defects than high cumulative doses or those of long duration.
Estimating the Cost of Epilepsy in Europe: A Review with Economic Modeling
Authors: Pugliatti Maura , Beghi Ettore , Forsgren Lars , Ekman Mattias , Sobocki Patrik 
Published: August 2007

SummaryPurpose:Based on available epidemiologic, health economic, and international population statistics literature, the cost of epilepsy in Europe was estimated.Methods:Europe was defined as the 25 European Union member countries, Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland. Guidelines for epidemiological studies on epilepsy were used for a case definition. A bottom‐up prevalence‐based cost‐of‐illness approach, the societal perspective for including the cost items, and the human capital approach as valuation principle for indirect costs were used. The cost estimates were based on selected studies with common methodology and valuation principles.Results:The estimated prevalence of epilepsy in Europe in 2004 was 4.3–7.8 per 1,000. The estimated total cost of the disease in Europe was €15.5 billion in 2004, indirect cost being the single most dominant cost category (€8.6 billion). Direct health care costs were €2.8 billion, outpatient care comprising the largest part (€1.3 billion). Direct nonmedical cost was €4.2 billion. That of antiepileptic drugs was €400 million. The total cost per case was €2,000–11,500 and the estimated cost per European inhabitant was €33.Conclusions:Epilepsy is a relevant socioeconomic burden at individual, family, health services, and societal level in Europe. The greater proportion of such burden is outside the formal health care sector, antiepileptic drugs representing a smaller proportion. Lack of economic data from several European countries and other methodological limitations make this report an initial estimate of the cost of epilepsy in Europe. Prospective incidence cost‐of‐illness studies from well‐defined populations and common methodology are encouraged.
Surrogate Alcohol: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?
Authors: Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Rehm Jürgen , Gmel Gerhard 
Published: August 2007

Background:  Consumption of surrogate alcohols (i.e., nonbeverage alcohols and illegally produced alcohols) was shown to impact on different causes of death, not only poisoning or liver disease, and appears to be a major public health problem in Russia and elsewhere.Methods:  A computer‐assisted literature review on chemical composition and health consequences of “surrogate alcohol” was conducted and more than 70 references were identified. A wider definition of the term “surrogate alcohol” was derived, including both nonbeverage alcohols and illegally produced alcohols that contain nonbeverage alcohols.Results:  Surrogate alcohol may contain substances that cause severe health consequences including death. Known toxic constituents include lead, which may lead to chronic toxicity, and methanol, which leads to acute poisoning. On the other hand, the role of higher alcohols (e.g., propanol, isobutanol, and isoamyl alcohol) in the etiology of surrogate‐associated diseases is currently unclear. Whether other constituents of surrogates have contributed to the high all‐cause mortality over and above the effect of ethanol in recent studies also remains unclear.Conclusions:  Given the high public health importance associated with the consumption of surrogate alcohols, further knowledge on its chemical composition is required as well as research on its links to various disease endpoints should be undertaken with priority. Some interventions to reduce the harm resulting from surrogate alcohol could be undertaken already at this point. For example, the use of methanol or methanol‐containing wood alcohol should be abolished in denatured alcohol. Other possible surrogates (e.g., automobile products) should be treated with bittering agents to avoid consumption.
Investigation of a Thermoplastic Polymeric Carrier for Bone Tissue Engineering Using Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Granular Scaffolds
Authors: Mylonas Dimitrios , Vidal Miguel D. , De Kok Ingeborg J. , Moriarity John D. , Cooper Lyndon F. 
Published: August 2007

Purpose:  The purpose of this project was to compare alveolar bone repair by allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells using bioglass or synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) granular scaffolds delivered in a thermoplastic polymeric carrier.
Materials and Methods:  Canine mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from iliac crest bone marrow of beagle dogs and expanded without differentiation. Cells were resuspended at a final concentration of 5 × 106 cells/ml in a thermoplastic polymeric carrier (30% w/v Pluronic F‐127) and mixed with an equal volume of synthetic HA/TCP or bioglass scaffold and placed into surgically created 5 mm cylindrical defects in the edentulous premolar region of beagle dogs. After 4 weeks or 7 weeks, tissue healing was evaluated by standard histomorphometric methods (Bioquant Nova, Bioquant Image Analysis Corporation, Nashville, TN) by measurement of bone formation within five random sites from each biopsy.
Results:  After 4 weeks, sites treated with or without mesenchymal stem cells contained 58.25 ±18.43% or 43.35 ± 17.68% bone area (p= 0.049), respectively. After 7 weeks, sites treated with or without mesenchymal stem cells contained 62.73 ± 19.10% or 60.39 ± 21.32% bone area. Bone formation occurred without inflammation in defects treated using Pluronic F‐127 carrier with and without mesenchymal stem cells. There was no difference in percent bone area when bioglass or HA/TCP scaffolds were compared at either time point.
Conclusions:
The thermoplastic polymeric carrier did not limit alveolar bone repair in the canine mandible. The combination of a thermoplastic, viscous carrier with a granular scaffold allowed for the delivery of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in a clinically manageable form that enhanced bone formation at early stages of alveolar repair.
Comparison of Three Techniques for Ovarian Pedicle Hemostasis During Laparoscopic‐Assisted Ovariohysterectomy
Authors: MAYHEW PHILIPP D. , BROWN DOROTHY CIMINO 
Published: August 2007

Objective—To describe the safety, surgical time, and complications associated with 3 techniques for achieving hemostasis during laparoscopic‐assisted ovariohysterectomy (LAOVH).Study Design—Prospective, randomized clinical trial.Animals—Female dogs (n=30).Methods—Dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 methods for achieving ovarian pedicle hemostasis during LAOVH: extracorporeal modified Roeder knot application (suture group), metal clip application using a multifire 10 mm laparoscopic clip applier (clip group), or use of a novel 5 mm bipolar vessel‐sealing device (vessel‐sealing group). In all dogs a 3 median portal technique was used.Results—Controlling for the dogs' bodyweights, there was a significant association between surgical time and which method for hemostasis was used. This association was different when comparing the first 5 procedures using each method to the second 5. For a 20 kg dog, the surgical time (95% CI) for the first 5 procedures was 80 (69–91), 68 (57–79), and 33 (21–45) minutes for the suture, clip, and vessel‐sealing groups, respectively. For the second 5 procedures surgical time was 71 (60–81), 50 (39–60), and 40 (29–51) minutes. Pedicle hemorrhage occurred in all dogs in the clip group, 3 dogs in the suture group, and none of the dogs in the vessel‐sealing group although in all cases was considered hemodynamically inconsequential. All dogs recovered uneventfully.Conclusions—All methods of hemostasis were safe for pedicle sectioning. A learning curve exists for clip and suture methods.Clinical Relevance—Use of a vessel‐sealing device significantly shortens surgical time and provides excellent hemostasis during LAOVH.
Bilateral Thyroarytenoid Cartilage Lateralization and Vocal Fold Excision with Mucosoplasty for Treatment of Idiopathic Laryngeal Paralysis: 67 Dogs (1998–2005)
Authors: SCHOFIELD DINA M. , NORRIS JANA , SADANAGA KENNETH K. 
Published: August 2007

Objective— To evaluate combined bilateral thyroarytenoid cartilage lateralization, vocal fold excision, and mucosoplasty technique (BTAL) through ventral median laryngotomy for treatment of laryngeal paralysis in dogs.Design— Retrospective study.Animals— Dogs (n=67) with laryngeal paralysis.Methods— Medical records were reviewed for dogs with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis that had BTAL between January 1998 and March 2005. Retrieved data included signalment, history, physical and laryngoscopic examination findings, clinicopathologic tests, and results of recheck examination findings.Results— BTAL was performed by a single surgeon. Short‐term (<6 months) follow‐up information was available for 67 dogs and long‐term (>12 months) for 40 dogs. Major postoperative complications were surgical failures (13; 7 short term, 6 long term) and aspiration pneumonia (1). Mean recurrence of clinical signs was at 19 weeks (range, 2–30 weeks). Minor complications occurred in 22 (33%) dogs including occasional coughing or gagging, stridorous breathing during exercise, panting, noisy or heavy breathing, and aspiration pneumonia (3 dogs) that did not require hospitalization. All owners reported an improved quality of life and had no regrets with surgical outcome.Conclusions— BTAL is seemingly an effective procedure for treatment of laryngeal paralysis.Clinical Relevance— BTAL is associated with a low incidence of aspiration pneumonia; however, there is substantial risk of recurrence of clinical signs associated with narrowing of the glottis. Consequently, unilateral arytenoid lateralization currently represents the accepted approach to the treatment of laryngeal paralysis.
Effects of Suture Tension During Unilateral Cricoarytenoid Lateralization on Canine Laryngeal Resistance In Vitro
Authors: GREENBERG MARC J. , BUREAU STEPHANE , MONNET ERIC 
Published: August 2007

Objective—To evaluate the effect of abduction suture tension for unilateral arytenoid lateralization on laryngeal resistance.Study Design—Experimental study.Animals—Canine cadaver larynges (n=16).Methods—Laryngeal resistance was calculated in all specimens with the epiglottis in open and closed positions. Left cricoarytenoid lateralization was performed under low or high suture tension, and laryngeal resistance was re‐calculated. The effects of suture tension on laryngeal resistance were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA.Results—Cricoarytenoid lateralization under low or high suture tension significantly reduced laryngeal resistance with the epiglottis in an open or closed position. There was no difference in laryngeal resistance with an open epiglottis between the low‐tension (1.00±0.0001 cm H2O/L/s) and high‐tension (1.10±0.35 cm H2O/L/s) groups (P=.33). The low‐tension group (22.80±14.20 cm H2O/L/s) had significantly greater laryngeal resistance than the high‐tension group (8.45±4.00 cm H2O/L/s) with a closed epiglottis (P=.016). There was no difference in laryngeal resistance with a closed epiglottis for the low‐tension group before (34.30±36.50 cm H2O/L/s) and after (22.80±14.20 cm H2O/L/s;P=.42) arytenoid lateralization.Conclusions—Cricoarytenoid lateralization under low suture tension significantly reduced laryngeal resistance with an open epiglottis, but resulted in a significantly greater resistance with a closed epiglottis than cricoarytenoid lateralization under high suture tension.Clinical Relevance—Clinically, use of a low‐tension suture for cricoarytenoid lateralization may provide an adequate decrease in open‐epiglottis laryngeal resistance to alleviate clinical signs, while maintaining enough closed‐epiglottis laryngeal resistance to reduce the risk of postoperative aspiration pneumonia.
Tibial Tuberosity Advancement for Stabilization of the Canine Cranial Cruciate Ligament‐Deficient Stifle Joint: Surgical Technique, Early Results, and Complications in 101 Dogs
Authors: LAFAVER SARAH , MILLER NATHAN A. , STUBBS W. PRESTON , TAYLOR ROBERT A. , BOUDRIEAU RANDY J. 
Published: August 2007

Objective— To describe the surgical technique, early results and complications of tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) for treatment for cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)‐deficient stifle joints in dogs.Study Design— Retrospective clinical study.Animals— Dogs (n=101) with CrCL‐deficient stifles (114).Methods— Medical records of 101 dogs that had TTA were reviewed. Complications were recorded and separated into either major or minor complications based on the need for additional surgery. In‐hospital re‐evaluation of limb function and time to radiographic healing were reviewed. Further follow‐up was obtained by telephone interview of owners.Results— Complications occurred in 31.5% of the dogs (12.3% major, 19.3% minor). Major complications included subsequent meniscal tear, tibial fracture, implant failure, infection, lick granuloma, incisional trauma, and medial patellar luxation; all major complications were treated with successful outcomes. All but 2 minor complications resolved. The mean time to documented radiographic healing was 11.3 weeks. Final in‐hospital re‐evaluation of limb function (mean, 13.5 weeks), was recorded for 93 dogs with lameness categorized as none (74.5%), mild (23.5%), moderate (2%), and severe (1%). All but 2 owners interviewed were satisfied with outcome and 83.1% reported a marked improvement or a return to pre‐injury status.Conclusions— TTA is a procedure comparable with alternate methods of CrCL repair with expected good to excellent functional outcome.Clinical Relevance— TTA procedure can be successfully used to obtain the dynamic stability of a CrCL‐deficient stifle joint in dogs.
High prevalence of cytomegalovirus DNA in plasma samples of blood donors in connection with seroconversion
Authors: Ziemann Malte , Krueger Sabine , Maier Andrea B. , Unmack Alexander , Goerg Siegfried , Hennig Holger 
Published: August 2007

BACKGROUND: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is considered to latently infect blood cells. Transfusion‐transmitted infection (TT‐CMV) of immunocompromised patients occurs despite the use of CMV‐seronegative or leukoreduced units.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The prevalence of CMV DNA in plasma was investigated in 82 blood donors who had previously been seronegative for CMV and showed anti‐CMV immunoglobulin G for the first time, 598 blood donors who were seropositive for at least 1 year, and 150 seronegative blood donors. In a second part of the study, the overall prevalence of CMV DNA in blood donations was assessed based on 31,745 donations.RESULTS: CMV DNA was repeatedly detected in plasma samples of 44 percent of newly seropositive donors (12%‐62%, depending on the interval to the last seronegative donation). All steadily seropositive or seronegative donors were negative for the presence of CMV DNA. Detection of CMV DNA in connection with seroconversion was accompanied by significantly increased neopterin, increased alanine aminotransferase, and reduced white blood cell counts, but the sensitivity of these surrogate markers was only 71 percent. The overall prevalence of CMV DNA in blood products due to primary CMV infection of donors was at least 0.13 percent.CONCLUSION: Viremia of newly seropositive donors may be an important reason for the residual risk of TT‐CMV despite leukoreduction. Furthermore, transfusion of WBC‐reduced blood components from seronegative donors could imply a greater risk of TT‐CMV than transfusion of WBC‐reduced blood from donors who have been seropositive for at least 1 year, because window‐phase donations but no reactivation could be detected in this study.