bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peasant Agency and Community Mutual Aid: An Alternative to Capital and Market Dominance
Authors: Li Zhanshuo 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Formalist legal and economic theories axiomatically assume the “rational economic man” and the “inevitable optimal resource allocation by perfectly competitive markets,” thereby justifying the ownership of corporate entities by the holders of capital assets. Professional cooperatives, guided by this formalist logic, predominantly serve the interests of capitalized large-scale peasants. In contrast, the organizational practices from mutual aid to comprehensive cooperation during the Chinese revolutionary period reveal an alternative possibility diverging from formalist logic. This alternative centers on community-based rationality of small-scale peasant households, promoting agricultural development by enhancing resource use efficiency through community mutual aid among smallholders to meet their collective production and living needs. This substantivist logic, grounded in mutual aid practices, can also provide direction for integrating small-scale peasant households into large markets in the contemporary context.
On Photographic Monumentalism: Nineteenth-century Representations of Architectural and Historical Sites
Authors: Behdad Ali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article addresses the intertwined history of photography and architectural historiography in the nineteenth century. Focusing on European photography of Egyptian antiquity and Palestine’s biblical sites, it elaborates how a commemorative form of historiography deploys photographic images of what came to be known as the “historic monument” to construct notions of patrimony, historical heritage, national identity, and imperial mission. The second part of the essay discusses photographic monumentalism in Qajar, Iran, and Ottoman Turkey as different responses to Orientalist representations of Middle Eastern architecture by Europeans.
The City Objectified: Histories of Common Patterns of Pictorial Renditions
Authors: Shalem Avinoam 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
When was the city visually regarded and depicted as a comprehensive and intact entity?
Going beyond historiographical conventions and temporal boundaries, this study discusses the specific and crucial moments of discovering the image of the city as a whole, its wide-ranging skyline, full profile, and clear outer borders. Thus, histories of the formation of the distant gaze, a sort of visual withdrawal which enabled us to capture the city as a whole – as an object of visual desire – are disclosed, and attention is drawn to the common patterns of these specific pictorial renditions. Likewise, the sense of detachment is exposed when distance moves beyond its denotation of spatial stance and appears related to discovering the historical time of these urban renditions.
Drawing the Isolated Mosque
Authors: Jamaleddine Ziad 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
From the early-nineteenth century onwards, Orientalist visual constructs heavily shaped European depictions and analyses of mosque architecture. Over time, these representations shifted from the Orientalist exoticized scenographic model to the “scientific” language of the orthographic drawing. This article analyzes that process, tracing the evolution of a series of published plan drawings for five historical mosques. Unpacking their authors’ drafting techniques and examining the relationship between the isolation of the drawing and the understanding of the mosque as a timeless monument highlights the gaps of knowledge reproduced within the canonical texts of Islamic architecture and their disciplinary impact.
Rethinking the Friday Mosque: a Critical Enquiry of an Architectural Paradigm
Authors: Kana’an Ruba 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Questioning the notion of master narratives in the study of architecture, this article explores various histories of the Friday mosque in different geographical and temporal contexts and through the lenses of different schools of religious interpretation. The text presents three case-based examples from ʿAbbasid Baghdad, Mamluk Cairo, and Safavid Isfahan to demonstrate that the pre-modern history of the Friday mosque does not follow a neat chronology. By examining the complex nodes of agencies and associations between the Friday mosque, its patrons and users, and the textual juridical engagements with mosques and prayer, the article demonstrates that the evolution of the Friday mosque was multicentred and asynchronous and always reflecting local religious and political contexts.
The Külliye as Hypotext: a New Reading of Ottoman Imperial Mosques and Tombs
Authors: Avcıoğlu Nebahat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article reflects on Istanbul as a palimpsest city, more specifically, about how architectural typologies, practices, visual tropes and narratives migrate through different contexts in time and space. As a city inherited from the Byzantine Empire, negotiating the intersection of past and present as well as topography and politics has been fundamental to shaping Ottoman Istanbul. The article explores the imperial city through one of its ‘original’ Ottoman structures, the religious and social complex known as külliye, in order to frame its agency, both formal and urbanistic, to reveal not only its extremely rich and imaginative iterations from the conquest of Constantinople to the Tanzimat but also the spatiotemporal relationships between them.
Architecture and Resettler Nationalism: Demographic Engineering during and after the Christian-Muslim Partition of 1923
Authors: Akcan Esra 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This article theorizes on resettler nationalism while discussing the architectural impacts of partitions and compulsory mass migrations that have drawn the borders of modern countries. It concentrates on the resettling process after the “Exchange of Populations” (Antallagi/Mübadele, 1923) between Greece and Turkey, which was in effect a partition dividing the Christian and Muslim communities of the Ottoman Empire. It argues that the national and international authorities treated land settlement as a top-down demographic engineering device and its architecture as a modern technological enterprise in a post-conflict setting, failing to notice the trauma of mass expulsion. Reading migrant testimonies on both sides of the Aegean Sea and tracing architectural histories from below exposes the contrast between the accounts of state agents and those subject to resettler nationalism. It reconceptualizes partition as the rift between rulers and peoples and not the rift between two communities.
Recreational Nitrous Oxide Dosing and Administration and Its Use in Traffic: An Online Survey
Authors: Vinckenbosch Frederick , Theunissen Eef , Stelling Agnieszka , Goldenbeld Charles , Ramaekers Johannes G. 
Published: February 2024

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a popular recreational intoxicant and associated paraphernalia are increasingly being found at road traffic accident scenes in the Netherlands, suggesting that N2O intoxication causally contributes to the occurrence of a significant number of road traffic accidents. However, information on the pharmacodynamics- and kinetic characteristics of recreational N2O use is limited, impeding policy making and enforcement. This investigation aimed to determine a representative dosing method for recreational N2O use and establish a relevant timeframe for assessing psychomotoric functioning in future research. Online survey responses of 511 N2O users revealed that the majority inhaled N2O from party balloons filled with 4–14 L of N2O. Inhalation typically involved a repetitive “rebreathing” technique with 20–30 second breaks every six cycles, or without breaks, for approximately 12 cycles in total. 10.3% of respondents admitted to have inhaled N2O during driving in the past. Driving departure within 1 hour of inhalation was common, providing a relevant timeframe for the investigation of psychomotoric effects of recreational N2O use in future research.
Communication Patterns and Characteristics of Family Caregivers and Persons Living With Dementia: Secondary Analysis of Video Observation
Authors: Kim Sohyun , Liu Wen , Daack-Hirsch Sandra , Williams Kristine N. 
Published: February 2024

Background: It is essential to characterize communication patterns for better health outcomes for family caregivers and persons living with dementia. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationships between communication patterns and the characteristics of dyads of family caregivers and persons living with dementia. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using 75 video-recorded home care observations from 19 dyads. Participant characteristics and caregiver burden, depression, and sense of competence were collected from the parent study. The video-recorded dyadic communication patterns were assessed using a coding scheme developed based on Communication Accommodation Theory and Classical Test Theory. The relative frequency of the communication patterns was compared between groups. Results: Overall, 8311 caregiver and 8024 care recipient communication behaviors were observed. Caregiver communication patterns were categorized as facilitative, disabling, and neutral. Care recipient communication patterns were categorized as engaging, challenging, and neutral. Caregiver gender, care recipient gender, care recipient education level, dementia diagnosis length, types of dementia, dyadic gender difference, burden, depression, and competence of caregiver, and types of communication were significantly associated with caregiver communication. Dementia diagnosis length, caregiver competence, dyadic gender difference, and types of communication were significantly associated with care recipient communication. Conclusions: The findings demonstrated different communication patterns depending on individual and dyad characteristics and evidence for dyadic communication support to promote meaningful interaction for persons living with dementia. Further analysis is needed to identify mediating factors and causal relationships.
Surviving the Storm: Exploring Lives Through Personal Stories of Childhood Trauma
Authors: Kashyap Kinnari , Panda Satyananda , Bhuyan Bishal 
Published: February 2024

Background: Traumatic experiences in an early phase of an individual’s life stand out as a highly influential risk factor for poor developmental outcomes. Studies examining poor childhood experiences revealed childhood trauma linked to a negative impact on mental health. Therefore, the objective of this study is to comprehend and investigate the subjective childhood experiences of the affected children. Methods: A qualitative approach was adopted to explore the lived experiences with their consequences. The study employed a purposeful sampling technique to choose adolescents who had encountered abuse and were capable of articulating their experiences with clarity. In-depth interviews were carried out with 18 adolescents aged 13–18 years, all from childcare homes (mean = 16, SD = 1.46). The transcriptions of these interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach. Results: The analysis indicated that the children experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, rape, abandonment, and neglected home environment. The children took responsibility for the abuse directed toward them and were also engaged in substance use. They further reported experiencing negative effects on their behavioral functions (anger, isolation), cognitive function (difficulty in concentration, low academic performances), emotional function (fear, helplessness), social function (withdrawal, mutism), and biological function (sleeplessness, lack of appetite) due to the adverse events in their life. Perceived needs, for instance, emotional, social, and educational support and positive relationship, as well as growth from traumatic experiences were stated by the children. Conclusion: The findings of the study could have practical implications for clinicians, aiding in the understanding of low emotional expression and unexplained behavior among individuals and assisting in addressing the underlying vulnerability to facilitate their overcoming of these challenges. Additionally, it is suggested that a comprehensive strategy be used that addresses stigma, cultural values, and social norms in addition to legal issues to address the problem.
A Survey of Medication Diffusion and Attitudes Among Indian Clinicians Toward Pharmacotherapies for Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Ghosh Sanjukta , Modak Tamonud , Rozatkar Abhijit Ramdas 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. However, uptake of AUD pharmacotherapies among clinicians has remained low. There exists a research gap regarding clinician attitudes and the diffusion of AUD pharmacotherapies among Indian clinicians. We conducted a survey to assess the same. Methods: An online survey was sent to clinicians nationwide from February and April 2023 to assess attitudes and practices regarding various AUD medications. Logistic and ordinal regression models evaluate the clinician and caseload factors determining medication diffusion and attitudes. Results: A total of 387 clinicians responded to our survey. Most of them were males (61.7%) and trained psychiatrists (56.3%). The diffusion for acamprosate, naltrexone, and disulfiram was 69.8%, 81.4%, and 58.2%, respectively. Baclofen had the highest diffusion. Female respondents had significantly lower perceived efficacy, acceptability, and safety for disulfiram. Independent practitioners were more likely to prescribe all pharmacotherapies except baclofen. Discussion: Diffusion for alcohol pharmacotherapies was incomplete. Baclofen had the highest diffusion, probably reflecting its cost and safety profile. Despite its perceived efficacy, safety concerns impacted the diffusion of disulfiram. Female clinicians had lower perceived attitudes toward disulfiram. Specific training for AUD pharmacotherapies is warranted for female clinicians and nonpsychiatrists.
Primary Ankle Fusion Using an Antegrade Nail Into the Talus for Early Treatment of OTA Type C3 Distal Tibial Plafond Fractures: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Guryel Enis , Lee Conrad , Barakat Ahmed , Robertson Alastair , Freeman Richard 
Published: February 2024

Background: Type C3 distal tibial plafond fractures consistently show poor outcomes with high complication rates and significant risk of posttraumatic arthritis. We describe a minimally invasive technique of performing a primary ankle fusion using an anterograde tibial nail and compare our early results to traditional methods of fixation. Methods: During the acute admission, the patient undergoes an arthroscopic preparation of the ankle joint and insertion of an anterograde nail into the talus. This technique is described in detail and presented alongside a retrospective 5-year review of all adult C3 distal tibial plafond fractures from our center. Results: Twenty-six patients (8 open fractures) had been fixed traditionally using open reduction internal fixation (24 patients) and circular frames (2 patients) with an average follow-up of 20 months. Those internally fixed had protected weightbearing for 3 months. Complications included deep infection (12%), nonunion (8%), malunion (4%), severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis (27%), and the secondary conversion to ankle replacement/fusion (12%) requiring an average of 3 reoperations. Six patients underwent primary fusion (3 open fractures) with an average follow-up of 18 months. Patients were allowed to immediately weightbear. There were no reported complications and the primary fusion group demonstrated shorter hospital stays, faster return to work, and higher mean self-reported foot and ankle score (SEFAS) compared to those treated with ORIF. Conclusion: C3 distal tibial plafond fractures are difficult to manage and there has not been a satisfactory method of treating them that allows early return to work, has a low risk of complications, and reduces the risk of posttraumatic tibiotalar arthritis. We present our initial results with a method that uses traditional arthroscopic techniques to prepare the tibiotalar joint together with minimally invasive anterograde tibiotalar nailing. In this initial report of a small group of patients, we found that surgery can be performed once the swelling has subsided after injury and that allowing weightbearing as tolerated did not appear to have a negative effect on initial outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Real-world experience with fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant in patients with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Capone Luigi , Airaghi Pietro , Aragona Pasquale , Castellino Nicolò , Cicinelli Maria Vittoria , Ciucci Francesco , Coppola Michele , Gaetano Cristiano De , Lattanzio Rosangela , Lorusso Massimo , Maceroni Martina , Malvasi Maria Elena , Marco Luisa , Marraffa Michele , Martini Gaia , Mastropasqua Rodolfo , Minnella Angelo Maria , Nikolopulou Eleni , Ortisi Elina , Pacella Elena , Papa Vincenzo , Pennesi Claudio , Reibaldi Michele , Rizzo Stanislao , Toto Lisa , Trombetta Luigi , Bandello Francesco 
Published: February 2024

Objectives to evaluate long-term effectiveness and safety of fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant used as second-line treatment in patients with persistent diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods retrospective data chart review of 241 pseudophakic eyes of 178 patients treated with FAc from July 2017 to December 2021 in 10 medical retinal units in Italy. The primary endpoint was the change of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) at 2 years. A Student's paired t-test was used. Additional therapies for DME and intraocular pressure (IOP)-related events were also evaluated. Results efficacy of FAc was assessed in a subset of 111 eyes with at least 24 months of follow-up. Mean BCVA increased at 2 years by 5.1 ETDRS letters (95%CI = 2.6–7.5; p < 0.001) while mean CMT decreased by 189 µm (95% CI 151–227; p < 0.001). Thirty-eight of these eyes (34.2%) needed additional intravitreal treatments, mainly anti-VEGF. Safety was evaluated on the entire cohort of 241 eyes treated with FAc. Overall, 66 eyes (27.4%) required emergent IOP-lowering medications (typically within the first-year post FAc) while 14 eyes (5.8%) underwent trabeculectomy, mostly during the second year of follow-up. Conclusion FAc implant provides a substantial long-term functional and anatomical benefit when used as second-line treatment in eyes with DME. IOP rise can be adequately managed with topical agents although some eyes may require IOP-lowering surgery.
Peripherally inserted central-related upper extremity deep vein thrombosis and machine learning
Authors: Hu Hankui , Wu Zhoupeng , Zhao Jichun 
Published: February 2024

Objective To establish a prediction model of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) associated with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) based on machine learning (ML), and evaluate the effect. Methods 452 patients with malignant tumors who underwent PICC implantation in West China Hospital from April 2021 to December 2021 were selected through convenient sampling. UEDVT was detected by ultrasound. Machine learning models were established using the least absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm: Seeley scale model (ML-Seeley-LASSO) and ML model. The information of patients with and without UEDVT was randomly allocated to the training set and test set of the two models, and the prediction effect of machine learning and existing prediction tools was compared. Results Machine learning training set and test set were better than Seeley evaluation results, and ML-Seeley-LASSO performance in training set was better than ML-LASSO. The performance of ML-LASSO in the test set is better than that of ML-Seeley-LASSO. The use of ML model (ML-LASSO and ML-Seeley-LASSO) in PICC-related UEDVT shows good effectiveness (the area under the subject’s working characteristic curve is 0.856, 0.799), which is superior to the currently used Seeley assessment tool. Conclusion The risk of PICC-related UEDVT can be estimated and predicted relatively accurately by using the method of ML modeling, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of PICC-related UEDVT in the future.
Attitudes, perceptions and barriers in implementing therapeutic drug monitoring for anti-TNFs in inflammatory bowel disease: a survey from the Middle East
Authors: Nigam Gaurav B. , Chatten Kelly , Sharara Ala , Al-Taweel Talal , Alharbi Othman , Elamin Hussein , Al Awadhi Sameer , Annese Vito , Limdi Jimmy K. 
Published: February 2024

Background: A growing body of evidence underscores the beneficial impact of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) on the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objectives: We surveyed clinician attitudes, perceptions and barriers related to TDM in IBD in the Middle East. Design: A 15-question survey was distributed through national gastroenterological societies in five Middle Eastern countries (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Lebanon and Egypt). Methods: Data on clinician characteristics, demographics, utilization patterns and obstacles related to the adoption of TDM with anti-TNFs were gathered. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict factors influencing the utilization of TDM. Results: Among 211 respondents (82% male), 82% were consultants, 8% were physicians with an interest in gastroenterology (GI), and 6% were GI trainees. Of these, 152 met inclusion criteria, treating >5 IBD patients per month and ⩾1 with an anti-TNF per month. TDM was used in clinical practice by 78% (95% CI: 71–85) of respondents. TDM was utilized following the loss of response (LOR) in 93%, for primary non-response (PNR) in 40% and before restarting anti-TNF therapy after a drug holiday in 33% of respondents, while 34% used TDM proactively. No specific factors were associated with the use of TDM. Barriers to TDM use included cost (85%), time lag to results (71%) and lack of insurance reimbursement (65%). Overall knowledge of TDM (70%), interpretation and actioning of results (76%) or awareness of clinical guidelines (57%) were not perceived as barriers. If barriers were removed, 95% would use TDM more frequently; 93% for LOR, 60% for PNR, 50% when restarting after a drug holiday, and 54% would use TDM proactively. Conclusion: Most gastroenterologists use TDM for LOR, with cost, time lag and insurance reimbursement being significant barriers. Addressing these barriers would increase the judicious use of reactive and proactive TDM to optimize anti-TNF therapy in IBD.