bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' experiences of racism in mental health settings through patient and family interactions: A systematic review
Authors: Wijayaratnam Anuson , Kozlowska Olga , Krayem Amani , Kaur Satinder , Ayres Helen , Smith Rebecca , Paterson Jane , Moghabghab Rola , Henshall Cathy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNursing staff engage readily with patients and associates in mental health/forensic inpatient settings. These settings are known to have instances of workplace violence directed towards staff and such violence includes racism. Racism is a form of workplace violence that must be better understood and supported within this complex setting. Completing a systematic review to coalesce preexisting research and suggested interventions can be beneficial to supporting nurses. Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. CINAHL, PsycInfo, Medline, British Nursing Database and Web of Science databases were searched. Reviewers screened the papers for inclusion (29 articles out of 7146 were selected for inclusion) and completed the quality appraisal using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Subsequently, data extraction was completed, and findings were summarised through narrative synthesis. The way racism was conceptualised impacted how data was collected, reported and interpreted; racism was silenced or exposed depending on how studies were undertaken. If exposed, evidence indicates racism is a problem but is not always acknowledged or acted upon. Some evidence determined racism led to negative work‐related outcomes. The literature provided limited examples of interventions. These included changing education/orientation for staff, openly discussing racist events and better planning for patients among colleagues and management. Increasing diversity within the workforce requires more research exploring and addressing issues related to racism towards nurses. Narratives of racism being normalised and embedded in mental health/forensic settings need to be challenged.
A super‐hard high entropy boride containing Hf, Mo, Ti, V, and W
Authors: Filipovic Suzana , Obradovic Nina , Hilmas Greg E. , Fahrenholtz William G. , Brenner Donald W. , Maria Jon‐Paul , Wolfe Douglas E. , Zurek Eva , Campilongo Xiomara , Curtarolo Stefano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSuper‐hard (Hf,Mo,Ti,V,W)B2 was synthesized by boro‐carbothermal reduction and densified by spark plasma sintering. This composition was produced for the first time as a single‐phase ceramic in the present research. The optimized ceramic had a single hexagonal AlB2‐type crystalline phase with a grain size of 3.8 µm and homogeneous distribution of the constituent metals. The Vickers hardness exhibited the indentation size effect, increasing from 27 GPa at a load of 9.8 N to as high as 66 GPa at a load of 0.49 N. This is the highest hardness reported to date for high entropy boride ceramics.
The Emotion of Gratitude and Communal Relationships
Authors: Macnamara Coleen 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTEmotions are typically dual‐faced: they involve both an evaluative and a practical aspect. What is more, an emotion's evaluative and practical aspects tend to exhibit a kind of fit. For example, Sakshi's fear of the bear involves apprehending the bear as a threat to something she cares about, i.e., her wellbeing. And it motivates her to act on behalf of this care: it motivates her to act in ways that protect her wellbeing. Both dimensions of Sakshi's fear are about her wellbeing. Typically, characterizations of gratitude speak to both its evaluative and practical dimensions. Gratitude is described as a way of apprehending the significance of one's benefactor's kindness, and it is said to involve a disposition to thank one's benefactor and to return the kindness. In this article I show that this characterization is incomplete insofar as it leaves us without the resources needed to discern the link between gratitude's two dimensions. I argue that discerning the fit requires an account of gratitude's focus and goal. I urge that the beneficiary's communal relationship with her benefactor is gratitude's focus and that promoting this relationship is gratitude's goal. Both dimensions of a beneficiary's gratitude are about her communal relationship with her benefactor.
Supported employment, quality of jobs and employment typicalness: The experience of the Engage to Change project
Authors: Vigna Elisa , Meek Andrea , Beyer Stephen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPaid employment represents a challenge for people with an intellectual disability and/or autism. This paper analyses the quality of jobs offered by the Engage to Change project and their relationship to the ‘typicalness’ of the employment offered.MethodData on the quality of 384 paid jobs were collected, including hours worked and wages earned, and reported social integration at work. The typicalness of the employment experience was assessed for 141 young people, using the Index of Typicalness of Placement Questionnaire.ResultsThe Engage to Change project offered a wide range of jobs. There is no difference in the typicalness of the employment experience in relation to the interactions in the workplace, but there are some differences in the recruitment process for men and women.ConclusionJob coaches should make sure that, despite the procedures being ‘atypical’ for the workplace, the outcome is ‘a typical employment experience’ for each employee.
A remotely‐delivered pilot and feasibility program to promote physical and food literacy in adolescents with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Curtin C. , Bandini L. G. , Forquer M. , Cullen P. , Rancaño K. M. , Must A. , Schreck K. , Bowling A. B. , Askenazy N. , Wei X. , Irish C. , Stanish H. I. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundYouth with intellectual disabilities experience disparities in physical activity and diet quality. Physical and food literacy are hypothesised to support adoption of healthy lifestyles; however, few such interventions have been developed for this population.MethodParticipants with intellectual disabilities ages 12–16 years were recruited for a 12‐week online sports skills and nutrition education intervention. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy were assessed by attendance, satisfaction, and pre‐post measures of motor skills, perceived competence and motivation for physical activity, classifying foods, making healthy choices, and food consumption.ResultsSix teens participated in the program and attended 87.5% of the sessions. Satisfaction data suggested that the program was well‐received by both teens and parents. Trends toward improvements on physical activity and nutrition outcome measures were observed.ConclusionsPreliminary data from this pilot study suggest that physical and food literacy in youth with intellectual disabilities can be improved, which in turn may contribute to the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
Geniposidic acid alleviates osteoarthritis progression through inhibiting inflammation and chondrocytes ferroptosis
Authors: Sun Jiayang , Song Xianji , Wang Cuijie , Ruan Qing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis is one of the common diseases that seriously affects the quality of life of middle‐aged and elderly people worldwide. Geniposidic acid (GPA) is extracted from Eucommia ulmoides that exhibits various pharmacological effects. This study investigated the function of GPA on osteoarthritis (OA) in IL‐1β‐stimulated mouse chondrocytes and mouse OA model. Mouse OA model was established by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and GPA was given intraperitoneal injection. The results demonstrated that GPA could alleviate DMM‐induced OA in mice. In vitro, IL‐1β‐induced PGE2, NO, MMP1 and MMP3 were suppressed by GPA. Furthermore, IL‐1β‐induced ferroptosis was inhibited by GPA, as confirmed by the inhibition of MDA, iron, and ROS, as well as the upregulation of GSH, GPX4, and Ferritin. In addition, GPA was found to increase the expression of Nrf2 and HO‐1. And the inhibition of GPA on IL‐1β‐induced inflammation and ferroptosis were prevented by Nrf2 inhibitor. In conclusion, GPA alleviates OA progression through inhibiting inflammation and chondrocytes ferroptosis via Nrf2 signalling pathway.
Intracerebroventricular BDNF infusion may reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting autophagy and suppressing apoptosis
Authors: Yilmaz Umit , Tanbek Kevser , Gul Semir , Koc Ahmet , Gul Mehmet , Sandal Suleyman 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHere, it was aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) infusion for 7 days following cerebral ischemia (CI) on autophagy in neurons in the penumbra. Focal CI was created by the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. A total of 60 rats were used and divided into 4 groups as Control, Sham CI, CI and CI + BDNF. During the 7‐day reperfusion period, aCSF (vehicle) was infused to Sham CI and CI groups, and BDNF infusion was administered to the CI + BDNF group via an osmotic minipump. By the end of the 7th day of reperfusion, Beclin‐1, LC3, p62 and cleaved caspase‐3 protein levels in the penumbra area were evaluated using Western blot and immunofluorescence. BDNF treatment for 7 days reduced the infarct area after CI, induced the autophagic proteins Beclin‐1, LC3 and p62 and suppressed the apoptotic protein cleaved caspase‐3. Furthermore, rotarod and adhesive removal test times of BDNF treatment started to improve from the 4th day, and the neurological deficit score from the 5th day. ICV BDNF treatment following CI reduced the infarct area by inducing autophagic proteins Beclin‐1, LC3 and p62 and inhibiting the apoptotic caspase‐3 protein while its beneficial effects were apparent in neurological tests from the 4th day.
Pharmacokinetic characteristics of florfenicol in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) after intramuscular administration
Authors: Sitthiangkool Pandaree , Poapolathep Amnart , Chomcheun Thanaphan , Jongkolpath Oranee , Khidkhan Kraisiri , Klangkaew Narumol , Phaochoosak Napasorn , Giorgi Mario , Poapolathep Saranya 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics of florfenicol (FFC) in green sea and hawksbill sea turtles were evaluated following intramuscular (i.m.) administration at two different dosages of 20 or 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study (longitudinal design) used 5 green sea and 5 hawksbill sea turtles for the two dosages. Blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 168 h. FFC plasma samples were analyzed using validated high‐performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode array detection. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a non‐compartment approach. The FFC plasma concentrations increased with the dosage. The elimination half‐life was similar between the treatment groups (range 19–25 h), as well as the plasma protein binding (range 18.59%–20.65%). According to the surrogate PK/PD parameter (T > MIC, 2 μg/mL), the 20 and 30 mg/kg dosing rates should be effective doses for susceptible bacterial infections in green sea and hawksbill sea turtles.
Matching maternal and paternal experiences underpin molecular thermal acclimation
Authors: Bonzi L. C. , Donelson J. M. , Spinks R. K. , Munday P. L. , Ravasi T. , Schunter C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe environment experienced by one generation has the potential to affect the subsequent one through non‐genetic inheritance of parental effects. Since both mothers and fathers can influence their offspring, questions arise regarding how the maternal, paternal and offspring experiences integrate into the resulting phenotype. We aimed to disentangle the maternal and paternal contributions to transgenerational thermal acclimation in a reef fish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, by exposing two generations to elevated temperature (+1.5°C) in a fully factorial design and analysing the F2 hepatic gene expression. Paternal and maternal effects showed not only common but also parent‐specific components, with the father having the largest influence in shaping the offspring's transcriptomic profile. Fathers contributed to transcriptional transgenerational response to warming through transfer of epigenetically controlled stress–response mechanisms while mothers influenced increased gene expression associated with lipid metabolism regulation. However, the key to acclimation potential was matching thermal experiences of the parents. When both parents were exposed to the same condition, offspring showed increased expression of genes related to structural RNA production and transcriptional regulation, whereas environmental mismatch in parents resulted in maladaptive parental condition transfer, revealed by translation suppression and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Interestingly, the offspring's own environmental experience had the smallest influence on their hepatic transcription profiles. Taken together, our results show the complex nature of the interplay among paternal, maternal and offspring cue integration, and reveal that acclimation potential to ocean warming might depend not only on maternal and paternal contributions but importantly on congruent parental thermal experiences.
Inherited physical capacity: Widening divergence from young to adult to old
Authors: Kemi Ole J. , Hoydal Morten A. , Haram Per M. , Smith Godfrey L. , Ellingsen Oyvind , Koch Lauren G. , Britton Steven L. , Wisloff Ulrik 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCardiorespiratory performance segregates into rat strains of inherited low‐ and high‐capacity runners (LCRs and HCRs); during adulthood, this segregation remains stable, but widens in senescence and is followed by segregated function, health, and mortality. However, this segregation has not been investigated prior to adulthood. We, therefore, assessed cardiorespiratory performance and cardiac cell (cardiomyocyte) structure–function in 1‐ and 4‐month‐old LCRs and HCRs. Maximal oxygen uptake was 23% less in LCRs at 1‐month compared to HCRs at 1‐month, and 72% less at 4 months. Cardiomyocyte contractility was 37−56% decreased, and Ca2+ release was 34−62% decreased, in 1‐ and 4‐month LCRs versus HCRs. This occurred because HCRs had improved contractility and Ca2+ release during maturation, whereas LCRs did not. In quiescent cardiomyocytes, LCRs displayed 180% and 297% more Ca2+ sparks and 91% and 38% more Ca2+ waves at 1 and 4 months versus HCRs. Cell sizes were not different between LCRs and HCRs, but LCRs showed reduced transverse‐tubules versus HCRs, though no discrepant transverse‐tubule generation occurred during maturation. In conclusion, LCRs show reduced scores for aerobic capacity and cardiomyocyte structure–function compared to HCRs and there is a widening divergence between LCRs and HCRs during juvenile to near‐adult maturation.
Botryosphaeria dothideacauses stem canker ofIdesia polycarpain China
Authors: Fang Lisha , Zheng Tianjiao , Feng Jian , Zhi Wenyan , Wang Yanmei , Li Zhi , Cai Qifei , Geng Xiaodong , Liu Zhen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIdesia polycarpais a woody oil plant with great development and application prospects. However, stem canker disease ofI. polycarpawas frequently observed in Henan and Hubei provinces of China in 2020–2022. The seriousness of the disease caused a large number of trees deaths, which affected seedling production and fruit yield, restricting the development of theI.polycarpaindustry. We performed isolation, purification and pathogenicity analysis of canker samples. Pathogenicity tests reproduced typical canker disease symptoms on detached branches ofI.polycarpa. Based on morphological observations, conidial morphology and phylogenetic analysis of isolates with high similarity to the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS),EF‐1αandTUB2sequences screened in GenBank by BLAST, the pathogen of canker disease onI.polycarpawas identified asBotryosphaeria dothidea. This is the first report ofB.dothideaas the pathogen of stem canker ofI.polycarpa.
“Countries you go, asylum adjudication you find.” Asylum appeals implementation arrangements, actors' discretion, and organizational practices
Authors: Dallara Cristina , Lacchei Alice 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe article investigates the implementation of a crucial area of the EU asylum policy, which is asylum adjudication at the appeal stage. According to the Common European Asylum System, Member States must guarantee asylum seekers an effective remedy against first‐instance decisions. However, the EU policy framework leaves space for each country to choose its implementation model. Filling a gap in the literature on asylum policy implementation, the article explores the implementation arrangements (IAs) for asylum appeals in three countries, Italy, France, and Greece, which adopt different models. More precisely, relying on Strategic Analysis of Organizations and the Street‐Level Bureaucracy approach, the article addresses how specific elements of the IA influence organizational autonomy, implementing actors' routines and perceptions, as well as the degree of discretion. Moreover, it investigates the influence of de facto organizational practices on policy performance. The analysis of qualitative data suggests that different IAs, such as the nature of the body, the appointment system, and mechanisms of vertical accountability, shape de facto individual and organizational practices and actors' spaces for discretion. This process seems to impact policy performance, particularly in terms of uniformity, which is a core objective within the broader European policy framework for asylum adjudication.
Content quality and reliability of YouTube videos on oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic analysis
Authors: Selvaraj Madhanraj , Sennimalai Karthik , Parija Pragyan Paramita , Siddiqui Hamza Parvez , Singh Amardeep , Mohaideen Kaja 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionYouTube's popularity as a health information source raises concerns about credibility due to the absence of peer review. Therefore, this study assessed the content quality and reliability of YouTube videos related to oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsVideos were systematically searched on August 20, 2023, using terms determined through Google Trends. Videos were included based on predefined criteria and independently assessed by two researchers. Video demographics were extracted. Video quality was evaluated using audio‐visual (AV) quality, video information and quality index (VIQI), global quality score (GQS), and reliability using a modified DISCERN tool (mDISCERN). High and low‐content videos were defined based on the customized 10‐point scoring system. Inter‐ and intra‐examiner reliability of scoring system were calculated.ResultsMost videos were educational (46.3%), presented by dental sleep medicine specialists (42.6%), and aimed at laypersons (63%), with the majority originating from the United States (79.6%). The final 54 videos were categorized as high‐content (n = 29, 54%) and low‐content (n = 25, 46%). High‐content videos had more views, comments, and longer video durations (7.07 ± 6.04 min). Significant differences (p < .05) were observed among high and low‐content videos in total VIQI, mDISCERN, GQS, and TCS. Moderate correlations were found between GQS and TCS (r = 0.721), mDISCERN and VIQI (r = 0.649), GQS and VIQI (r = 0.601), and AV quality and VIQI (r = 0.531).ConclusionThe study highlights variable content quality and reliability of YouTube videos on oral appliance therapy for OSA, emphasizing the need for guidelines to enhance their educational value and deliver reliable, evidence‐based information to patients.
Transcerebellar ventriculoperitoneal shunt for management of presumed arachnoid diverticulum in the fourth ventricle of a dog
Authors: Wyatt Sophie , Fenn Joe , Beltran Elsa 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the approach for placement of a transcerebellar fourth ventriculoperitoneal shunt for management of presumed fourth ventricle arachnoid diverticulum and secondary obstructive hydrocephalus of a dog. To describe the outcome of this procedure.Study designCase report.AnimalsMale entire English springer spaniel, 3 years 9 months of age.MethodsThe dog was initially presented for management of acute, progressive, and multifocal brainstem and forebrain dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed internal obstructive hypertensive hydrocephalus. The dog was managed via ventriculoperitoneal shunting from the left lateral ventricle and made an excellent recovery. The dog acutely deteriorated 18 months after initial discharge and follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the ventricular shunt remained in situ with normal‐sized lateral ventricles but revealed a cystlike lesion within the fourth ventricle, presumed to be a fourth ventricle arachnoid diverticulum. The diverticulum was causing mass effect and resultant compression of adjacent neuroparenchyma. A second ventriculoperitoneal shunt was subsequently placed into the fourth ventricle via the caudal cranial fossa and cerebellum. This was attached to a three‐way connector, to which the existing shunt (within the left lateral ventricle) was also attached, and then secured to the existing medium‐pressure valve.ResultsPostoperatively, the dog immediately developed mild vestibular‐cerebellar ataxia, with a marked improvement after 3 months. There were no shunt‐associated complications. Long‐term follow up at 40 months after the second surgical procedure revealed a normal neurological examination.ConclusionTranscerebellar ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for treatment of a presumed fourth ventricle arachnoid diverticulum was performed and was associated with a favorable long‐term outcome.
Appropriateness Applied: A Renewed Coaching Perspective to Reach Out to Every Athlete
Authors: Ramos Ana , Ribeiro João , Afonso José , Mesquita Isabel 
Published: March 2024

Beyond teaching models/approaches, currently sports coaching literature is lacking on conceptual frameworks that offer a pedagogical structure capable of being adjusted and applied (i.e., appropriated) to athletes’ needs and diverse sport contexts. The Appropriateness Framework (AF) is a pedagogical structure to help sport practitioners in building meaningful learning environments while respecting inter- and intraindividual variations throughout the learning process. The innovative character of the AF relies on integrating simultaneously well-known and widespread concepts and principles from sports pedagogy and coaching, as well as extending the concept of representativeness to athletes’ features and motivations. This practical advance article aims to present the AF, namely their conceptual pillars (i.e., premises) and sequential procedures of operationalization (i.e., steps), as well as to exemplify how it can be used through practical cases. From a theoretical viewpoint, the application of AF is independent of any teaching model and/or specific athlete-centered approach. Thus, from a practical standpoint, this paper represents a guideline for coaches adopting process-oriented learning perspective that might be applied in several sport contexts and potentiates the “reaching out” of every athlete.