bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revegetation of mineral clay soils: shrub and tree species compared
Authors: Muzzi E. , Fabbri T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSeveral species of shrubs and trees used in the revegetation of clay mineral soils in Northern Appennine region were compared. The trial site, a quarry land, with clay soil with high pH and a little organic matter was arranged in three randomized block designs. The trial tested the following shrub species Rhamnus cathartica, Colutea arborescens, Euonymus europea, Viburnum opulus, Sambucus nigra, Cotinus coggygria, Coronilla emerus, Crataegus monogyna, Ligustrum vulgare, Prunus spinosa, Spartium junceum, Cornus sanguinea, Paliurus spina‐christi and the tree species Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus angustifolia, Corylus avellana, Sorbus domestica, Prunus avium, Acer monspessulanum, Ostrya carpinifolia, Pyrus communis var. pyraster, Ulmus minor, Fraxinus ornus and Acer campestre. The present study was designed to test the adaptive response of the species transplanted in clay soil without preparatory tilling or dressing operations. The overall 9 year data indicate differences in the species tested: Spartium junceum, Ligustrum vulgare and Cotinus coggygria were the shrubs adapted to these edaphics conditions and planting practises together with Sorbus domestica, Pyrus pyraster, Fraxinus ornus and Fraxinus angustifolia. Animal damages were also evaluated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spreading the word: How to self‐promote with integrity
Authors: Hernez‐Broome Gina , McLaughlin Cindy , Trovas Stephanie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFor leaders and the groups they lead, doing a good job is often not enough to gain the visibility and recognition they deserve. What's needed is some self‐promotion, carried out intentionally and strategically. Many leaders have a negative view of self‐promotion, but there are ways for them—and their organizations—to benefit from it while still maintaining integrity and authenticity.
A remark on the decay of solutions to the 3‐D Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Zhou Yong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn this paper we derive a decay rate of the L2‐norm of the solution to the 3‐D Navier–Stokes equations. Although the result which is proved by Fourier splitting method is well known, our method is new, concise and direct. Moreover, it turns out that the new method established here has a wide application on other equations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maximal and sustained isokinetic lower‐limb muscle strength in hospitalized older people
Authors: Muller François , Dehail Patrick , Bestaven Emma , Petit Julien , Joseph Pierre‐Alain , Barat Michel , Mazaux Jean‐Michel , Bourdel‐Marchasson Isabelle 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMaximal strength decreases with aging whereas sustained strength is less affected. Strength decline may be worsened by hospitalization. The aim of this study was to estimate the maximal and sustained isokinetic muscle strength of lower limbs in hospitalized elderly subjects. We evaluated 43 hospitalized elderly subjects (86 ± 5 years), 28 elderly community‐dwelling control subjects (75.4 ± 6.2 years), and 25 young subjects (28.2 ± 3.7 years). Among hospitalized subjects, 30 underwent isokinetic evaluation at clinical stability (T0) and again 1 month later (T1). Maximal peak torque (MPT) of the plantarflexors was measured at 30° and 60°/s, and knee flexors and extensors at 90°/s. Evolution of the MPT and the endurance coefficient (EC) on 20 repetitions of plantarflexion at 60°/s were calculated. MPT of plantarflexors and knee flexors and extensors had improved at T1 compared with T0, in hospitalized subjects. MPT evolution and EC values during the sustained strength test revealed no decrease in strength over time in hospitalized subjects at T0 and at T1 compared with community‐dwelling control subjects and young subjects. In hospitalized subjects, the absence of an initial phase of fast decrease in muscle strength, which is observed in young subjects during the sustained strength test, could explain this result. It could be related to the modifications of muscle‐fiber composition described in elderly subjects and enhanced by hospitalization. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Effects of annealing temperature and oxygen partial pressure on the magnetoresistivity of c‐axis oriented La0.9Sr0.1MnO3+δ thin film
Authors: Xu M. , Shi Z. , Xu Z. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractUsing the sol–gel spin‐coating method, c‐axis oriented La0.9Sr0.1MnO3+δ thin film has been prepared. The excess oxygen δ values and Mn4+ proportions in La0.9Sr0.1MnO3+δ thin films with different annealing temperatures and oxygen partial pressures have been determined from the defect model. For La0.9Sr0.1MnO3+δ thin film, the oxygen reduction at 1073 K in 1 Pa O2 is enough to obtain samples without excess oxygen. The electrical and magnetic measurements reveal that the resistivity peak temperature TP is almost equal to the ferromagnetic transition temperature TC. The experimental results indicate that TC cannot be solely determined by the Mn4+ proportion. Probably, Mn and La site (especially Mn site) vacancies play another important role in determining TC. The excess oxygen δ in those thin films should be taken into account in investigating the magnetotransport behavior. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preparation and investigation (Cu–III–Se2)1–x(NbSe)x alloys (III: Ga, In) with x = 1/2
Authors: Grima‐Gallardo P. , Muñoz‐Pinto M. , Durán‐Piña S. , Delgado G. E. , Quintero M. , Briceño J. M. , Ruiz J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPolycrystalline samples of quaternary (Cu–III–Se2)1–x (NbSe)x alloys (III: Ga, In) with x = 1/2 (nominally CuNbGaSe3 and CuNbInSe3) were prepared by the usual melt and anneal technique. The analysis showed a large solubility of Nb in the ternary structures. The unit cell parameters of CuNbGaSe3 (a = 5.617 ± 0.001 Å; c = 11.024 ± 0.003 Å; c /a = 2.02; V = 348 ± 1 Å3) and CuNbInSe3 (a = 5.779 ± 0.001 Å; c = 11.620 ± 0.003 Å; c /a = 2.01; V = 388 ± 1 Å3) were very close to those of the respective ternaries, CuGaSe2 and CuInSe2. Nevertheless, indexation of the diffraction pattern of CuNbGaSe3 suggested, for this alloy, a space group transition from I$ \bar 4 $2d to P$ \bar 4 $2c analogous to CuFeInSe3, recently reported. From DTA measurements it was found that CuNbGaSe3 and CuNbInSe3 are ordered samples with order–disorder transition temperatures of ∼976 K and ∼910 K, and melted incongruently at ∼1185 K and ∼1046 K, respectively. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Diffusion thermopower of a p‐type Si/Si1–xGex heterostructure at zero magnetic field
Authors: Huan Tran Doan , Hai Nguyen Phuc 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe calculate the diffusion thermopower of the degenerate two‐dimensional hole gas in a p‐type Si/Si1–x Gex lattice mismatched heterostructure at low temperatures and zero magnetic field. The effects of possible scatterings, e.g. remote impurity, alloy disorder, interface roughness, deformation potential, and random piezoelectric on the hole mobility and the diffusion thermopower are examined. Calculated results are well fitted to the experimental data recently reported. In addition, we predict a possibility for the diffusion thermopower to change its sign as the SiGe layer thickness changes, the effect has not been discussed yet. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Excitation of dimensional resonances of magnetoelastic and elastic waves in bilayered structure
Authors: Gareeva Z. V. , Doroshenko R. A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA study is made of the dimensional resonances of the thickness modes of shear magnetoelastic and elastic (MEE) vibrations in a bilayered structure: magnetic‐nonmagnetic dielectric. The efficiency of dimensional resonance excitation is considered. We show that the magnetic susceptibility of the thickness modes of shear MEE vibrations attains extreme values in the case when the position of an interface coincides with one half and one quarter of a MEE wavelength. The magnetic susceptibility calculated for the resonant frequencies changes in a nonmonotone way with the change of relative thickness of the magnetic layer. The form of nonmonotone regions depends on the relations between the elastic moduli of magnetic and nonmagnetic layers, the position of interface and differs for odd and even resonant frequency harmonics. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transport and magnetic properties of the diluted magnetic semiconductors Sb1.98–xV0.02Crx Te3 and Sb1.984–yV0.016Mny Te3
Authors: Drašar Č. , Kašparová J. , Lošˇták P. , Shi X. , Uher C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe report on electrical transport and magnetic properties of quaternary single crystals of Sb1.98–x V0.02Crx Te3 and Sb1.984–y V0.016Mny Te3 with x ranging from 0 to 0.022 and y ranging from 0 to 0.034 over temperatures from 2 K to 300 K. Ternary crystals Sb2–z Vz Te3 were reported to have rather small magnetization in the ferromagnetic state due to low spin of vanadium ions. Therefore, we attempted to combine vanadium with other high‐spin elements hoping to enhance both magnetization and the Curie temperature of these diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) based on the Sb2Te3 matrix. While the Curie temperatures of Sb1.98–x V0.02Crx Te3 samples are comparable to that of Sb1.98V0.02Te3, we observe a significant enhancement in the remanent magnetization when Cr is co‐doped. In contrast, adding Mn to Sb1.984V0.016Te3 leads to a decrease in the Curie temperature and, at higher concentrations, to a complete suppression of ferromagnetism. Since Mn enhances the concentration of holes, its presence might seem favorable to the formation of the ferromagnetic order. In reality, the destruction of ferromagnetism in samples containing Mn is likely a result of the antiferromagnetically coupled Mn‐ion pairs. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The characteristic fragment ions and visualization of cationic starches on pulp fiber using ToF‐SIMS
Authors: Matsushita Yasuyuki , Sekiguchi Takuya , Saito Kaori , Kato Toshiyuki , Imai Takanori , Fukushima Kazuhiko 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTime‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) was used to investigate the distribution of cationic starch on pulp fiber. To identify the characteristic fragment ions of the cationic starches, deuterium‐labeled cationic starches were prepared and analyzed using ToF‐SIMS. The starch 2‐hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride derivative generated characteristic fragments at m/z 58 and 59, which were identified as [H2CN(CH3)2]+ and [N(CH3)3]+·, respectively. The fragmentation patterns were also suggested. From the imaging analysis, the adsorption of the cationic starch on fibers was uneven on individual fibers, as well as between fibers. This may have been on account of fiber morphology and structure. On examining scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, the quaternary ammonium starch derivative (QS) did not penetrate the fiber. No migration of cationic starch was observed under various drying conditions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consistent with dopamine supersensitivity, RGS9 expression is diminished in the amphetamine‐treated animal model of schizophrenia and in postmortem schizophrenia brain
Authors: Seeman Philip , Ko Françoise , Jack Elaine , Greenstein Rachel , Dean Brian 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIt is known that RGS9‐2 gene knockout mice show supersensitivity to DA and have a marked elevation in the proportion of DA D2 receptors in the high‐affinity state for DA (D2High receptors). As this is a similar profile to that observed in the CNS from subjects with schizophrenia, we examined whether postmortem CNS tissue from subjects with the disorder and brain striata from an animal model of psychosis or schizophrenia (the amphetamine‐sensitized rat) had altered levels of RGS9‐2. The mRNA for RGS9‐2 in 29 control hippocampi was 0.185 ± 0.015 fg per fg of β‐glucuronidase mRNA (average ± SE), while that in 29 schizophrenia hippocampi was 0.145 ± 0.015 fg per fg of β‐glucuronidase mRNA (average ± SE), a reduction of 22%. Of the many receptor‐regulating genes related to G proteins, and of 11 RGS genes, RGS9‐2 was the most reduced in the amphetamine‐sensitized rat striatum. The reduced levels of RGS9‐2 expression in both an animal model of schizophrenia and a postmortem schizophrenia brain provide further evidence implicating RGS9‐2 as a candidate gene in schizophrenia. Synapse 61:303–309, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synaptophysin and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 immunostaining in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus in adult ferrets following unilateral cochlear removal: A densitometric analysis
Authors: Alvarado Juan Carlos , Fuentes‐Santamaria Verónica , Franklin Samuel R. , Brunso‐Bechtold Judy K. , Henkel Craig K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractIn the present study, unilateral cochlear ablations were performed in adult ferrets to evaluate possible time‐dependent modifications of synaptophysin and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CNIC). Using densitometric analysis, synaptophysin and IGF‐1 immunostaining were assessed at 1 (PA1) and 90 (PA90) days after cochlear ablation. The results demonstrated that 1 day after the lesion there was an increase in the levels of synaptophysin immunostaining bilaterally in the CNIC compared to control animals. That increase was no longer present at 90 days after the ablation. Overall levels of IGF‐1 immunostaining at PA1 were increased significantly within neurons and neuropil. However, at PA90, only IGF‐1 immunostaining contralateral to the lesion was elevated compared to control animals, although elevation was less than that observed at PA1. These results suggest that cochlear ablation appears to affect synaptophysin and IGF‐1 protein levels bilaterally in the CNIC. Synapse 61:288–302, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Craniofacial variability index determined by three‐dimensional ultrasound in isolated vs. syndromal fetal cleft lip/palate
Authors: Roelfsema N. M. , Hop W. C. J. , van Adrichem L. N. A. , Wladimiroff J. W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to employ craniofacial pattern profile analysis in fetal facial clefts and to evaluate the craniofacial variability index (CVI) in distinguishing between isolated and syndromal clefts.MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) sonographic assessment of 16 different fetal craniofacial measurements was performed in each of eight pregnancies complicated by an isolated facial cleft and seven pregnancies with a syndromal cleft. The measurements covered various aspects of facial width, depth and height. Measured values were compared to gestational age‐specific normal values for calculation of Z‐scores and the CVI. The number of abnormal Z‐scores, i.e. < − 2 or > + 2, found among the measured values and the CVI in the group of isolated facial clefts were compared to those in the group with syndromal clefts.ResultsThe CVI could be calculated in 14 of 15 fetuses (93%). More abnormal Z‐scores and a higher mean CVI were found in the group with more severe (bilateral) facial clefts. Most abnormal values were found in the facial width measurements. Syndromal cleft lip/palate was associated with significantly more abnormal Z‐scores and a higher mean CVI than isolated cleft lip/palate (P < 0.05).ConclusionCraniofacial variability index may be a valuable tool for distinguishing between isolated and syndromal fetal cleft lip/palate. Copyright © 2007 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nitrazepam as a pre medic ant in minor surgery
Authors: James M. , Fisher A. 
Published: February 2007

SUMMARYIn an attempt to quantify sedation, use was made of plasma Cortisol estimation following oral premedication with nitrazepam and the results compared with the widely used scoring method. Both methods indicate that nitrazepam produces satisfactory sedation. The results also indicate that the determination of plasma Cortisol might be a simple objective measurement capable of quantifying the sedation produced by premedication.
Pre‐operative amnesia
Authors: Pandit S. K. , Dundee J. W. 
Published: February 2007

SUMMARYMemory for the journey to the operating theatre or intravenous induction of anaesthesia is little impaired by commonly used premedicants. Some anterograde amnesia follows the administration of hyoscine 0.4mg and opiate‐diazepam mixtures, while this occurs in about one‐quarter of the patients given diazepam‐hyoscine.
Terminal gas‐exhaust valve for a passive disposal system
Authors: MEHTA S. 
Published: February 2007

SUMMARYA one‐way gas‐exhaust valve for use in passive disposal systems is described. The valve is explosion‐proof and it does not offer any resistance at gas flow rates of up to 30 litres/ minute. The design of the valve minimises the influence of wind velocities on pressure fluctuation in the disposal system.
Intravenous sedation and regional analgesia
Authors: MD Jon Gjessing , Tomlin P. J. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA double‐blind study of 229 patients with the use of intravenous diazepam as compared with a placebo to produce sedation during local analgesia showed that significantly improved sedation occurred when diazepam was used. The diazepam was dissolved in cremophor and this reduced the pain of intravenous injection of the diazepam. One patient who received Cremophor only, showed a moderately severe allergic reaction. It is suggested that a small test dose should always be given before giving any drug which is dissolved in Cremophor.
Marcus Gunn Syndrome associated with an unusual oculo‐cardiac reflex
Authors: KWIK RAYMOND S.H. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryThe Marcus Gunn Syndrome is discussed. It is postulated that an atypical oculocardiac reflex is easily initiated in these patients so that precautions must be taken for its prevention and early detection.Marcus Gunn first described the syndrome in 1883.1 His patient had a congenital ptosis of the left upper eyelid. Paradoxical lid retraction was evoked by movement of the jaw. Consequently the syndrome also became known as the ‘jaw‐winking’ syndrome. Other varieties of the Marcus Gunn syndrome have also been described.2The pathogenesis of this syndrome seems to be the presence of abnormal central connexions between the trigeminal and oculomotor cranial nerves which supply the external pterygoid and the levator palpebrae superioris muscles.The importance of the recognition of the oculocardiac reflex in patients undergoing eye surgery nnder anaesthesia is well known to anaesthetists and to eye surgeons.The occurrence of this reflex in patients undergoing surgery on the eyelids has been reported previously.3 This paper describes a patient with the Marcus Gunn Syndrome who underwent three operations on the left upper eyelid and who exhibited unusual manifestations of the oculocardiac reflex.
Thiopentone and fazadinium crash induction
Authors: BARR A. MARSHALL , THORNLEY B.A. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA method of crash induction using fazadinium and thiopentone was studied in 100 patients not genuinely at risk from regurgitation. Speed and ease of intubation compared well with a previous study using pancuronium.1 Cardiorascular stability was not as good as with pancuronium and tachycardia was the major concern. Fourteen patients were assessed as ‘difficult’ to reverse and three recurarised.
Perioperative hazards in myotonic dystrophy
Authors: MUDGE BARBARA J. , TAYLOR PETER B. , VANDERSPEK ABRAHAM F. L. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA 32‐year‐old man with myotonic dystrophy underwent a thoracotomy for removal of a mediastinal thymoma. Pre‐operative examination revealed features of myotonic dystrophy, the only other abnormality was mild restrictive pulmonary disease. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone and maintained with enflurane, nitrous oxide, oxygen and curare. Following surgery, the patient was mechanically ventilated for several hours and remained intubated for 9 hours. The anaesthesia and surgery were tolerated well; however, postoperative complications included refractory dysrhythmias, hypoxia, pneumoccocal pneumonia and pulmonary emboli. More intensive preoperative pulmonary evaluation and physiotherapy coupled with more aggressive postoperative pulmonary care might have resulted in a smoother recovery phase.
An anaesthetic scavenging system for paediatric and adult use
Authors: HATCH DAVID J. , MILES ROGER , WAGSTAFF MALCOLM 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA scavenging dish is described which removes large volumes of contaminated air. It can be placed close to the open‐tailed bag of the paediatric T piece to provide a safe, convenient and efficient scavenger without any modification of the patient circuit. Measurements before and after installation have shown it to be capable of reducing nitrous oxide levels in the operating theatre to between 40 and 0 parts per million. The dish has been incorporated into a scavenging system which can also be used with a standard antipollution valve or ventilator exhaust port.
The effect of alcohol on the pulmonary embolic syndrome
Authors: Alexander John P. , Barron David W. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryTotal hip replacement surgery was carried out on 100 patients with an anaesthetic technique which was identical in all respects, except that fifty patients were given 5% dextrose while the other fifty received alcohol 0.5 mg/kg in addition. Patients were allocated to one or other group by random selection. There was no evidence that alcohol afforded any protection against the pulmonary embolic syndrome, nor did it appear to increase blood loss.
Recovery comparison between enflurane and halothane techniques A study of outpatients undergoing cystoscopy
Authors: Padfield Adrian , Mullins R.C. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA comparison of recovery from either halothane or enflurane with nitrous oxide and oxygen after induction with Althesin by outpatients in a cystoscopy clinic is presented. The recovery rate was scored by the recovery room nurses, who were ignorant of which agent had been used. Recovery after enflurane was quicker than after halothane.
Caudal extradural injection for the treatment of low back pain
Authors: Gordon John 
Published: February 2007

SummaryThe technique of large volume caudal extradural injection of a solution containing bupivacaine hydrochloride, hydrocortisone acetate and methylprednisolone acetate for low back pain is described.The results of 500 such injections are reviewed. The technique provides a rapid safe method for the treatment of low back pain. Pain was relieved in over half the patients treated by a single injection.
Plasma cholinesterase changes during pregnancy
Authors: EVANS R.T. , WROE J.M. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryCholinesterase activities were measured on serum from 941 pregnant women distributed evenly throughout the 40 weeks of gestation. A rapid fall has been shown to occur during the first trimester to a level which did not alter significantly during the remainder of pregnancy. Even lower values were observed in 105 patients examined during the first 7 days following delivery.Enzyme activity was used to determine the probable incidence of a prolonged reaction to suxamethonium in obstetric patients. The risk was greatest in the immediate post partum period affecting 11% of the patients investigated.
Cross‐infection from contaminated anaesthetic equipment
Authors: NIELSEN HENRIK , JACOBSEN JAN B. , STOKKE DAG B. , BRINKLØV MORTEN M. , CHRISTENSEN KURT N. 
Published: February 2007

SummaryA definite relationship between the use of contaminated anaesthetic equipment and subsequent pulmonary infection remains to be established. There is however indirect and circumstantial evidence suggesting that cross‐infection may occur, and further an increased susceptibility of surgical patients to pulmonary infections has been demonstrated. Decontamination should be recommended before the equipment is re‐used. Pasteurisation may prove sufficient and this can be obtained employing a specially designed dish‐washing machine.