bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mehr als nur müde
Authors: Helbing Michael 
Published: February 2024

SummaryDie ME/CFS – Myalgische Enzephalomyelitis/Chronisches Fatigue-Syndrom – ist eine schwerwiegende Erkrankung, die vordergründig mit „Erschöpfung“ assoziiert wird. Die auslösenden Faktoren sind ebenso variabel wie die auftretenden Symptome. Die Pathophysiologie der ME/CFS ist nur teilweise gesichert. Beobachten lässt sich vor allem ein rapider Abfall körperlicher Leistungen nach Belastungen: Die Postexertionelle Malaise (PEM) stellt das Schlüsselsymptom der ME/CFS dar. In der Verarbeitung der Krankheit können auch psychosomatische Erkrankungen wie Depressionen auftreten, von denen die ME/CFS als neurologische Systemerkrankung klar abzugrenzen ist, um Fehldiagnosen vorzubeugen.
Air Versus Saline in Tissue Expanders: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Kim Erin J. , Friedman Rosie , Nickman Sasha , Perry Dylan J. , Bustos Valeria P. , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Background There has been a greater focus in recent literature proposing air to be a superior medium to saline in tissue expanders. This study aims to review the literature and assess the quality of data on the efficacy and safety of air as an alternative medium to saline in tissue expanders, in the setting of postmastectomy two-stage reconstruction.
Methods A systematic review regarding air inflation of tissue expanders was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The methods followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Three reviewers separately performed data extraction and comprehensive synthesis.
Results A total of 427 articles were identified in our search query, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. Three pertained to inflation with room air, and eight pertained to inflation with CO2 using the AeroForm device. They were comparable to decreased overall complication rates in the room air/CO2 cohort compared to saline, although statistical significance was only observed in one of five two-arm studies. Investigating specific complications in the five two-arm studies, significantly lower rates of skin flap necrosis were only observed in two CO2-based studies. Studies rarely discussed other safety profile concerns, such as the impacts of air travel, radiation planning, and air extravasation beyond descriptions of select patients within the cohort.
Conclusion There is insufficient evidence to suggest improved outcomes with room air inflation of tissue expanders. Further work is needed to fully characterize the benefits and safety profiles of air insufflation before being adopted into clinical practice.
The political and social contradictions of the human and online environment in the context of artificial intelligence applications
Authors: Rakowski Roman , Kowaliková Petra 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe aim of the study is a comprehensive view of the topic of social impacts of the use of artificial intelligence and provides a basis for further discussions and research in this important area. It engages in debates on how to ensure that technological advances in artificial intelligence are compatible with democratic values and social justice. The article emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to exploring the social impacts of AI and calls for collaboration among technical experts, ethicists, lawyers, and social scientists. It underscores the importance of creating appropriate regulations and ethical guidelines for the use of AI to achieve a society that benefits from technological progress while ensuring justice and protecting the rights of individuals. The authors note that the social and political challenges associated with AI are complex and multifactorial, requiring comprehensive analysis and reflective discussion. The main scientific question of the study is the nature of the relationship between AI and society and what scientific approaches should be chosen in order to uncover this situation as best as possible.
Evol project: a comprehensive online platform for quantitative analysis of ancient literature
Authors: Wang Jun , Duan Siyu , Fu Binghao , Gao Liangcai , Su Qi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractQuantitative cultural studies have witnessed a surge with the rapid development of computer technology in recent years. Since ancient literature constitutes a long-time-span repository for human culture, with quantitative methods and ancient texts, scholars can study the genesis and progression of human history and society across historical epochs from digital perspectives. Nevertheless, traditional humanities scholars often lack the requisite technical skills, creating a demand for interactive platforms. This paper introduces the Evol platform—an online tool designed for the quantitative analysis of ancient literature. Equipped with various analysis functions and visualization tools, the Evol platform allows users to quantify literary documents through intuitive online interaction. Using this platform, we investigated three cases of cultural evolution in ancient Chinese history: (1) the changing attitude of the government towards nomadic ethnic groups; (2) the formulation and propagation of an allusion phrase related to the Battle of Muye; (3) the influence of the Book of Changes across diverse cultural domains. By showcasing cases across diverse semantic units and topics, Evol demonstrates its potential in providing efficient and low-cost experimental tools catering to the realms of culturomics, history, and philology.
Supersaturation dependent nucleation of methane + propane mixed-gas hydrate
Authors: Uchida Tsutomu , Sugibuchi Ren , Hayama Masato , Yamazaki Kenji 
Published: February 2024

Before hydrates can be widely used in industry, we should better understand the problematic issues of hydrate nucleation, particularly its stochastic nature. Here, we report on measurements of the nucleation probability of mixed-gas hydrates in which the guest molecules are a mixture of methane and propane. For the pure cases, at a supersaturation near 1.0, we had previously measured an induction time for the methane hydrate of about 1 h, whereas for the propane hydrate, it was over one day. Using the same experimental setup, we examine here the nucleation probability for a mixture of 90% methane and 10% propane as the guest gas for a range of supersaturations. For the experiments, the temperature was 274 ± 0.5 K and the stirring rate was about 300 rpm. The experiments were repeated at least ten times under the same condition, exchanging the sample water every time. We define the nucleation probability at a given time as the fraction of trials that nucleated by that time and then determine the nucleation probability distribution. The resulting nucleation frequency is found to have a power-law relation to supersaturation. Then, we examine how the nucleation frequency is affected by the existence of ultrafine bubbles in the initial water. We find that the ultrafine bubbles increase the nucleation frequency but much less than that of typical changes in supersaturation.
Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations of biaxial-strain-tuned superconductors in pulsed magnetic field up to 60 T
Authors: Yip King Yau , Wang Lingfei , Poon Tsz Fung , Yu Kai Ham , Lam Siu Tung , Lai Kwing To , Singleton John , Balakirev Fedor F. , Goh Swee K. 
Published: February 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained increasing prominence not only in fundamental research but also in daily applications. However, to fully harness their potential, it is crucial to optimize their properties with an external parameter and track the electronic structure simultaneously. Magnetotransport over a wide magnetic field range is a powerful method to probe the electronic structure and, for metallic 2D materials, quantum oscillations superimposed on the transport signals encode Fermi surface parameters. In this manuscript, we utilize biaxial strain as an external tuning parameter and investigate the effects of strain on the electronic properties of two quasi-2D superconductors, MoTe2 and RbV3Sb5, by measuring their magnetoresistance in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T. With a careful selection of insulating substrates, we demonstrate the possibility of both the compressive and tensile biaxial strains imposed on MoTe2 and RbV3Sb5, respectively. For both systems, the applied strain has led to superconducting critical temperature enhancement compared to their free-standing counterparts, proving the effectiveness of this biaxial strain method at cryogenic temperatures. Clear quantum oscillations in the magnetoresistance—the Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) effect—are obtained in both samples. In strained MoTe2, the magnetoresistance exhibits a nearly quadratic dependence on the magnetic field and remains non-saturating even at the highest field, whereas in strained RbV3Sb5, two SdH frequencies showed a substantial enhancement in effective mass values, hinting at a possible enhancement of charge fluctuations. Our results demonstrate that combining biaxial strain and pulsed magnetic field paves the way for studying 2D materials under unprecedented conditions.
On the validity of descriptors in ACTFL Language Proficiency Guidelines
Authors: Li Qijie , Feng Hao , Cui Yiping 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

ACTFL Language Proficiency Guidelines (hereinafter called Guidelines) are a
multi-lingual framework mainly based on the language proficiency development of several European languages. Little consideration
is given to the peculiarity of Chinese. Efforts are made to assess the validity of the descriptors in Guidelines
in comparison with Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education
(hereinafter called Standards). A total of five parameters from Guidelines that are not
compatible with Standards have been selected and two questionnaires compiled by the authors are answered by local
American Chinese language teachers to evaluate the validity of these descriptors. The study shows that the descriptors in
Standards are more valid in differentiating language proficiency levels of Chinese. In accordance with this
study, some revisions and amendments should be made to Guidelines.
MiPhDUO: microwave imaging via physics-informed deep unrolled optimization
Authors: Zumbo Sabrina , Mandija Stefano , Isernia Tommaso , Bevacqua Martina T 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Microwave imaging (MWI) is a non-invasive technique that can identify unknown scatterer objects’ features while offering advantages such as low cost and portable devices with respect to other imaging methods. However, MWI faces challenges in solving the underlying inverse scattering problem, which involves recovering target properties from its scattered fields. Existing methods include linearized and non-linear optimization approaches, but they have limitations respectively in terms of range of validity and computational complexity (in view of the possible occurrence of ‘false solutions’). In recent years, learning-based approaches have emerged as they can allow real-time imaging but usually lack generalizability and a direct connection to the underlying physics. This paper proposes a physics-informed approach that combines convolutional neural networks with physics-based calculations. It is based on a few cascaded operations, making use of the gradient of the relevant cost function, and successively improving the estimation of the unknown target. The proposed approach is assessed using simulated as well as experimental Fresnel data. The results show that the integration of physics with deep learning can contribute to improve reconstruction accuracy, generalizability, and computational efficiency in MWI.
Dynamics of NO, N2O, and ONOOH in atmospheric-pressure air dielectric barrier discharge: decoupling energy density and gas temperature effects varying with discharge voltage
Authors: Zhou Xiong-Feng , Geng Wen-Qiang , Ma Xiang-Yu , Ran Cong-Fu , Liu Kun 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The dose regulation of reactive nitrogen species is crucial for biomedical applications. In this study, we develop a global chemical kinetics model comprising 92 species and 1018 reactions to investigate the regulatory dynamics of three types of reactive nitrogen species, i.e. NO, N2O, and ONOOH, which vary with the discharge voltage in an air coaxial dielectric barrier discharge. Based on the experimental results, the model can describe the density variations of NO, N2O, and ONOOH. The simulation results indicate that the O,

NO

3
−

,

NO

2
−

, and O3 are essential intermediate species related to NO generation; N, NO2, O-, N2*, and O(1D) are essential intermediate species related to N2O generation; and

O

2
−

, NO, NO2, OH,

O

4
−

, and O3 are essential intermediate species related to ONOOH generation. The individual and comprehensive effects of the energy density and gas temperature on the densities of NO, N2O, and ONOOH and the corresponding intermediate species are quantified under increasing discharge voltages. The simulation results indicate that the energy density is the primary factor affecting the number density of NO, N2O, and ONOOH, whereas the gas temperature exerts a completely different effect on these three species. These insights are valuable for plasma applications in biomedicine, where the selective and controlled production of reactive nitrogen species is key for achieving the desired plasma performance.
Fast breakdown process and characteristics diagnosis of nanosecond pin–pin discharge
Authors: Li Yao , Li Si-Si , Feng Yi , Qie Shao-Ming , Yuan Hao , Yang De-Zheng 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the characteristics of a nanosecond spark discharge with a pin–pin electrode configuration have been systematically studied. Both a streak camera with high temporal resolution and an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera are employed together to investigate the breakdown and evolution process of the discharge. The formation of initial breakdown and mode transition from streamer to spark in the electrode gap are clearly observed on the time scale of several nanoseconds with a temporal resolution of 100 ps. In addition, the time-resolved spectra technology is also used to analyze the generation and quenching mechanisms of reactive species, the electron density, and the electron temperature. The results show that there is a 1.25 ns initial discharge breakdown and that a bright cathode spot exists before the transformation from streamer to spark channel. After a faster cathode filament and a slower anode filament propagate and merge at the electrode gap, the spark discharge phase begins. The generation processes of different reactive species depend on the discharge phase to a great extent. The N2* is first generated during the streamer phase while the O*, N*, and N+ are mainly generated under the spark phase, in which the electron temperature calculated by Boltzmann plots is 2.74 eV, and the electron density determined from the Stark broadening of O lines is on the order of 1016 cm−3.
Maximal circular polarization isolation and asymmetric polarization conversion by chiral meta-structure
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Maroof Zubaria , Ahmed Faizan , Ji Ruonan , Wang Shaowei 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Chiral objects hold immense significance in modern optical technology, particularly due to their ability to manipulate circularly polarized waves. The chiroptical effects observed in naturally known chiral structures are typically very weak, however, the use of engineered meta-structures has proven to be highly effective in overcoming these shortcomings. Despite extensive research efforts, the construction of chiroptical phenomena approaching maximum performance has proven to be challenging, mostly due to the lack of optimal design choices and the existence of material losses. Here we present a metasurface constituting S-shaped building blocks capable of realizing virtually maximum chiroptical phenomena. The structure demonstrates nearly full polarization transmission, conversion to an opposite spin state, and reflection of the opposite spin state at a wavelength of 1549 nm. As a result, the maximum circular dichroism (CD) value reaches up to ≈1 (0.9993) for a given polarization state. Furthermore, reduced symmetry enables the one-way flow of a given polarization state resulting in about unity (0.998) asymmetric transmission (AT) value. Through rigorous numerical simulations, we elucidate the underlying principles driving these extraordinary optical properties. The CD and AT values are record-high demonstrated so far. The single-layer design offers an ultrathin profile, making it compatible with integrated photonics and providing opportunities for applications in compact, lightweight optical devices such as circular polarizers, half-wave plates, and self-polarizing reflectors.
Superconducting properties of bismuthate/manganite epitaxial multilayers
Authors: Komori Sachio , Taniyama Tomoyasu 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We report epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) multilayers consisting of an s-wave superconducting bismuthate BaPb0.75Bi0.25O3 (BPBO) and a ferromagnetic insulating manganite La0.875Sr0.125MnO3 (LSMO). We demonstrate that the superconductivity of BPBO sandwiched by LSMO is preserved down to a thickness close to the superconducting coherence length. The superconducting transition temperature of BPBO is unaffected by the magnetization alignment of the LSMO layers, which is in sharp contrast to YBa2Cu3O7 showing a clear magnetic exchange interaction. While the stable s-wave superconductivity in the S/F oxide multilayer demonstrated in this work is promising for the development of quantum spin devices with strong spin–orbit coupling, the absence of the magnetic exchange field effect highlights the importance of interface engineering for the realization of a strongly exchange-coupled s-wave S/F oxide interface.
Revealing the effect of bridges in the multi-filamentary Bi-2212 wires
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Chuang , Yu Min , Yang Dong-Sheng , Zhou Meng-Liang , Zhou Hai-Shan , Qin Jing-Gang 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
As the excellent current carrying capacity in ultra-high magnetic fields, Bi-2212(Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x
) has attracted much attention. In view of the unique nature of Bi-2212, high-temperature heat treatment is highly needed for the formation of the continuous textured structure in the multi-filamentary Bi-2212 wire. In the meanwhile, bridges between filaments can also be produced in the heat treatment process, which brings structural changes in the wires. However, the mechanism of the effect of the bridges is yet to be understood. In this work, systematical research was carried out on the multi-filamentary Bi-2212 wire for the effect mechanism. Based on the results of the four-probe method and the magnetic moment results, inferiority in Ic
combined with a larger magnetic moment at high magnetic fields was detected in samples that have a large number of bridges. Further analysis indicates the inferiority in Ic
can be attributed to the reduced cross-sectional area of the filaments and the inferiority in the quality of texture on the basis of results of a series of structural characterizations.
Proposal of ensemble qubits with two-atom decay
Authors: Qin Wei , Miranowicz Adam , Nori Franco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We propose and analyze a novel approach to implement ensemble qubits. The required anharmonicity is provided by a simultaneous decay of two atoms (i.e. two-atom decay), which is achieved by fully quantum degenerate parametric amplification. For an atomic ensemble, the two-atom decay generates and stabilizes a 2D quantum manifold, which is spanned by the ground and single-excited superradiant states. Moreover, this nonlinear decay process can strongly suppress transitions to higher-excited superradiant states, and convert residual transitions into an effective decay from the single-excitation superradiant state to the ground state. Our method does not require Rydberg dipole blockade and, thus, strong atom-atom interactions, compared to previous work. This indicates that it can be applied to typical atomic or spin ensembles in simple experimental setups. Remarkably, our idea is compatible with the cavity protection mechanism, and therefore spin dephasing due to inhomogeneous broadening can be strongly suppressed. The presented ensemble qubit provides a new platform for quantum information processing, and also extends the range of applications of atomic or spin ensembles.
A machine learning approach to predict the efficiency of corrosion inhibition by natural product-based organic inhibitors
Authors: Akrom Muhamad , Rustad Supriadi , Dipojono Hermawan Kresno 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR)-based machine learning (ML) framework designed for predicting corrosion inhibition efficiency (CIE) values in natural organic inhibitor compounds. The modeling dataset comprises 50 natural organic compounds, with 11 quantum chemical properties (QCP) serving as input features, and the target variable being the corrosion inhibition efficiency (CIE) value. To enhance the predictive accuracy of the ML model, the kernel density estimation (KDE) function is employed to generate virtual samples during the training process, with the overarching goal of refining the precision of the ML model. Three distinct models, namely random forest (RF), gradient boosting (GB), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN), are tested in the study. The results demonstrate a noteworthy enhancement in the prediction performance of the models, attributable to the incorporation of virtual samples that effectively improve the correlation between input features and target values. Consequently, the accuracy of the predicted CIE values is significantly augmented, aligning more closely with the actual CIE values. Performance improvements were evident across all models after the incorporation of virtual samples. The GB, RF, and KNN models exhibited increments in R2 values from 0.557 to 0.996, 0.522 to 0.999, and 0.415 to 0.994, respectively, concomitant with the introduction of 500 virtual samples. Additionally, each model demonstrated a notable reduction in RMSE values, transitioning from 1.41 to 0.19, 1.27 to 0.10, and 1.22 to 0.16, respectively. While the GB model initially outperformed others before the addition of virtual samples, the performance of the model exhibited fluctuation as the number of virtual samples varied. This behavior suggests that the KDE function provides a certain level of resilience against model variations. The proposed approach contributes to the effective design and exploration of corrosion inhibitor candidates, offering a reliable and accurate predictive tool that bridges the gap between theoretical studies and experimental synthesis.