bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil‐microbial response to sugarcane filter cake and biogenic waste compost
Authors: Rasul Ghulam , Khan Khalid S. , Müller Torsten , Joergensen Rainer Georg 
Published: June 2008

AbstractAn incubation experiment was carried out to examine the N‐immobilizing effect of sugarcane filter cake (C : N = 12.4) and to prove whether mixing it with compost (C : N = 10.5) has any synergistic effects on C and N mineralization after incorporation into the soil. Approximately 19% of the compost‐C added and 37% of the filter cake–C were evolved as CO2, assuming that the amendments had no effects on the decomposition of soil organic C. However, only 28% of the added filter cake was lost according to the total‐C and δ13C values. Filter cake and compost contained initially significant concentrations of inorganic N, which was nearly completely immobilized between day 7 and 14 of the incubation in most cases. After day 14, N remineralization occurred at an average rate of 0.73 µg N (g soil)–1 d–1 in most amendment treatments, paralleling the N mineralization rate of the nonamended control without significant difference. No significant net N mineralization from the amendment N occurred in any of the amendment treatments in comparison to the control. The addition of compost and filter cake resulted in a linear increase in microbial biomass C with increasing amounts of C added. This increase was not affected by differences in substrate quality, especially the three times larger content of K2SO4‐extractable organic C in the sugarcane filter cake. In most amendment treatments, microbial biomass C and biomass N increased until the end of the incubation. No synergistic effects could be observed in the mixture treatments of compost and sugarcane filter cake.
Influence of surface‐applied poultry manure on topsoil and subsoil acidity and salinity: A leaching column study
Authors: Haynes Richard J. , Judge Angus 
Published: June 2008

AbstractIt has been suggested that surface applications of animal manure can ameliorate both top and subsoil acidity. For that reason, the effects of surface incorporation (0–5 cm) of a high rate of poultry manure to an acid soil on pH and exchangeable and soluble Al in the top‐ and subsoil were investigated in a leaching column study. During the experimental period of 108 d, columns received a total of 875 mm with leaching events occurring after 9, 37, 58, and 86 d. Incorporation of poultry manure into the surface 5 cm resulted in a large rise in pH measured in both 1M KCl and in soil solution. This liming effect was attributed primarily to the substantial CaCO3 content of poultry manure. In the 15–45 cm layer, pHKCl was not significantly different between poultry manure and control treatments but surprisingly, soil‐solution pH was substantially less in the poultry‐manure treatments. Exchangeable Al was significantly less in poultry manure than in control in all soil layers although the effect was most marked in the 0–5 cm layer. However, although concentrations and activities of monomeric Al (Almono), and the proportion of total Al present as Almono, in soil solution were lower under poultry manure than in control in the 0–5 cm layer, the reverse was, in fact, the case in lower soil horizons. This was attributed to a soluble‐salt effect, originating from the large cation content of poultry manure, displacing exchangeable Al3+ and H+ back into soil solution. Indeed, electrical conductivity and concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+ in soil solution were substantially higher in the poultry‐manure than in the control treatments at all soil depths. Poultry‐manure applications also resulted in substantial increases in the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Almono, NH$ _4^+ $, and NO$ _3^- $ in leachates, particularly at the fourth leaching. It was concluded that although surface application of poultry manure can raise soil pH in the topsoil, increases in soluble‐salt concentrations in soil solution can greatly modify this effect in the subsoil.
Raman spectrum of vanadium pentoxide from density‐functional perturbation theory
Authors: Zhou Bo , He Deyan 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe present ab initio calculation within the framework of the density‐functional theory (DFT) on band structure and vibrational properties of bulk V2O5. The structure of V2O5 comes from optimization of the experimental data with lattice parameters fixed. The band structure of the optimized structure has been calculated, and the result fits the experimental data very well and also gives similar results as those calculated by other methods. The phonon eigenwavenumbers of the Γ‐ point of V2O5 bulk have been calculated ab initio in density‐functional perturbation theory (DFPT). The calculated vibrational wavenumbers are in good agreement with observed infrared and Raman wavenumbers, and the predictive full phonon dispersion of bulk V2O5 has also been obtained. Further we calculated the Raman spectrum of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) powder sample using the obtained Raman susceptibility. Calculated and measured intensities show overall good agreement. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micro‐Raman depth profiling on polished cross‐sections: the mapping of oxalates used in protective treatment of carbonatic substrate
Authors: Conti C. , Fustella G. , Colombo C. , Realini M. , Zerbi G. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe present the first depth profiling on a polished cross‐section carried out by micro‐Raman spectroscopy aimed at investigating the penetration depth of an inorganic protective material (ammonium oxalate) applied on carbonatic surfaces (ancient plaster) and to detect the distribution of mineralogical phases inside the material. The reason for such a Rapid Communication is the importance of our study for the field of conservation, in which at present the treatment with oxalates is a hot issue. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Study of high‐pressure‐induced phase transition in nanocrystalline perovskite (LaSr)(MnFe)O3by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Dilawar Nita , Chandra Usha , Parthasarathy G. , Bandyopadhyay A. K. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractWe report here high‐pressure‐induced phase transitions observed in nanocrystalline perovskite La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.8Fe0.1957Fe0.01O3 as a function of pressure up to 9.2 GPa at room temperature by Raman spectroscopy. The nanocrystalline sample, synthesized by the sol–gel technique showed crystallite sizes of ∼140 Å. The peaks originated as a consequence of the nano size of the sample as well as the Fe doping, reported for the first time in these manganites, could be identified and seem to be affected strongly by the application of pressure. Phonon softening observed in MnO6 octahedra indicated structural instabilities with pressure and could be correlated to the Mössbauer parameter–quadrupole splitting. The results tally very well with those of high‐pressure Mössbauer spectroscopy and electrical resistivity measurements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrafast dynamics in Cu(I)bisdiimine complexes from resonance Raman intensities
Authors: Lind Samuel J. , Gordon Keith C. , Waterland Mark R. 
Published: June 2008

AbstractResonance Raman intensity analysis is used to examine the excited‐state dynamics in the Franck‐Condon region of the metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (MLCT) states of a series of [Cu(I)(L)2]+ complexes where L = 2,2′‐bipyridyl (bpy), 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) and 2,9‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (dmp). Large displacements are observed along phenanthroline ring‐breathing modes (ν117 and ν119 modes) and a methyl distortion mode (ν83) for [Cu(I)(dmp)2]+. Ring‐breathing modes also dominate the [Cu(I)(phen)2]+ and [Cu(I)(bpy)2]+ spectra. The enhancement patterns indicate that the dynamics in the Franck‐Condon region occur almost exclusively along ligand modes, with very little motion involving distortion of the copper coordination sphere. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Merged and separate band profiles arising from resonantly coupled vibrational modes of liquid mixtures: theoretical study
Authors: Torii Hajime , Osada Yoshinori , Iwami Maki 
Published: June 2008

AbstractVibrational band profiles of equimolar liquid mixtures in the presence of intermolecular resonant vibrational coupling according to the transition dipole coupling (TDC) mechanism are studied by performing calculations on a model liquid system. It is shown that the bands of the two species in the mixture merge into a single band as the extent of resonance (closeness of the wavenumber positions as compared with the magnitude of the coupling) between the vibrations of the two species becomes greater and the bandwidth becomes larger. In the separate‐band case, intensity redistribution is seen in the isotropic Raman spectra because of the intermolecular vibrational coupling. The merged/separate behavior of the band profiles observed for isotopic mixtures of liquid formamide is reasonably reproduced by the calculations on the model liquid with the values of parameters in realistic ranges. Ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations on a linearly hydrogen‐bonded cluster of formamide are also carried out to support the discussion. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Composition of total, neutral and phospholipids in wild and farmed tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the Brazilian Amazon area
Authors: Almeida Neiva Maria , Visentainer Jesuí Vergílio , Franco Maria Regina Bueno 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Fishing is a traditional extractive activity in the Amazonian region, representing an important factor in the economy of the area. The wet and dry cycles cause extreme changes in the chemical composition of the water. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid composition of the total lipid (TL), neutral lipid (NL) and phospholipid (PL) fractions of the dorsal muscle, orbital cavity and abdominal cavity fat of farmed and wild tambaqui in the Amazon area captured in different seasons.RESULTS: Fatty acids were analyzed by high‐resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Sixty‐one fatty6 acids were detected in the TL, 67 in the NL and 58 in the PL. The main fatty acids found in the TL, NL and PL of farmed and wild fish were oleic, palmitic, stearic and linoleic acids. Higher levels of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were observed in PL compared with NL. No distinctions in the quantity of these fractions between dorsal muscle and orbital cavity were found.CONCLUSION: The season had a significant influence on TL and fatty acid composition. Fish caught in the wild are considered superior for consumption. The seasonal characteristics of the Amazon influenced the composition of fatty acid composition in the species. Fish captured during the dry season showed a higher percentage of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Highly automated and fast determination of raffinose family oligosaccharides in Lupinus seeds using pressurized liquid extraction and high‐performance anion‐exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
Authors: Bansleben David , Schellenberg Ingo , Wolff Anne‐Christin 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Taking into account several requirements for the determination of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) from Lupinus seeds—e.g., conducting plant breeding projects or food product development—a reasonable combination of efficient automated sample preparation and reliable analysis need to be developed and validated.RESULTS: In this regard pressurized liquid extraction was applied to extract the RFOs from ground and defatted lupin flour. Compared to many other publications, no further pretreatment, such as protein precipitation, was necessary to obtain satisfactory results applying ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The oligosaccharide content for the examined Lupinus albus samples were in the range 5.19–9.25 g kg−1 and for Lupinus angustifolius RFOs 3.49–4.75 g kg−1. Stachyose has always been the main component followed by raffinose and verbascose.CONCLUSION: The developed sample preparation and analytical method is suited to quantify raffinose, stachyose, verbascose and the disaccharide sucrose and, owing to a high degree of automation for sample preparation and relatively short analysis times by pretty peak separation, particularly high sample numbers can be accomplished. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of replacement of lactose with partially hydrolysed rice syrup on small intestine development in weaned pigs from 7 to 21 days
Authors: Kang Ping , Yin Yu‐Long , Ruan Zhen , Pan Jie , Hu Qing , Deng Ze‐Yuan , Xiong Hua , Xie Ming‐Yong 
Published: June 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND: Feeding pigs with manufactured liquid diets has led to an increase in weaning weights compared with pigs receiving pelleted dry feed. Several alternative dietary ingredients are utilised in manufactured liquid diets other than by‐products of the dairy industry, especially as sources of carbohydrates. Postnatal gut development is important not only for protecting the neonate from enteric pathogens but also for digestion and the absorption of nutrients for growth. The present experiment was designed to study the effect of partially hydrolysed rice syrup as a replacement for lactose in manufactured liquid diets on the development of the small intestine in weaned pigs from 7 to 21 days.RESULTS: The replacement of lactose with partially hydrolysed rice syrup did not affect ileal and duodenal (P > 0.1) disaccharidase activity on day 14 or duodenal sucrase activity on day 21 but increased jejunal disaccharidase activity on day 14 and decreased small intestinal disaccharidase activity on day 21 (P < 0.05). The replacement did not affect alkaline phosphatase activity, the mucosal protein/DNA ratio or intestinal morphological measurements on either day 14 or day 21.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that partially hydrolysed rice syrup could be used as a replacement for lactose in manufactured liquid diets for neonatal pigs. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
Trauma exposure and the drug endangered child
Authors: Sprang Ginny , Staton‐Tindall Michele , Clark James 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis study examines the differences in trauma exposure and the response to those events between drug endangered children (DEC) and non‐drug endangered children involved in the child welfare system. This data represents the experiences of 1,127 children randomly selected from the state's child protective service database and represents 20% of all open cases during 2005–2006. Archival data were analyzed to determine the presence of exposure using DSM‐IV‐TR posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Criterion A1, and whether or not the child's response to exposure met PTSD Criterion A2. Results reveal high rates of trauma exposure in the DEC group and indicate that trauma exposure and trauma response did significantly vary across groups. Implications for the assessment and treatment of child welfare‐involved children are drawn.
Pilot study on prolonged exposure of Japanese patients with posttraumatic stress disorder due to mixed traumatic events
Authors: Asukai Nozomu , Saito Azusa , Tsuruta Nobuko , Ogami Ritsuko , Kishimoto Junji 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThis pilot study investigated the feasibility of Prolonged Exposure (PE) treatment for Japanese patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to mixed traumatic events. Among 12 participants in this study, 9 women and 1 man completed between 9 and 15 weekly individual PE sessions; 2 female participants dropped out in early sessions. Among completers, the authors identified a significant reduction of symptom severity scores from pretreatment to posttreatment in terms of PTSD and depression on therapist‐rated and self‐rated measurements. Symptom levels remained low in 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up assessments. Our findings suggest that PE is feasible and can be accepted for PTSD patients not only in Western countries, but also for those in Japan.
Assessing the psychometric properties of the world assumptions scale
Authors: Kaler Matthew E. , Frazier Patricia A. , Anders Samantha L. , Tashiro Ty , Tomich Patricia , Tennen Howard , Park Crystal 
Published: June 2008

AbstractThe notion that traumatic events shatter survivors' fundamental assumptions about the world has been accepted as a truism in the trauma literature, although tests of this hypothesis provide a somewhat mixed picture. Because this research has relied heavily on the World Assumptions Scale (WAS), it is unclear whether these inconsistent results are due to problems with assumptive world theory, improper tests of the theory, or problems with the WAS. Data were gathered from 742 undergraduate students at four universities to assess the psychometric properties of the WAS. Findings suggest several shortcomings of the WAS, including temporal instability, and mixed evidence regarding construct validity. Implications for trauma research are discussed.
A chondrogenic gene expression signature in mesenchymal stem cells is a classifier of conventional central chondrosarcoma
Authors: Boeuf S , Kunz P , Hennig T , Lehner B , Hogendoorn PCW , Bovée JVMG , Richter W 
Published: June 2008

AbstractPhenotypic and molecular parallels between the development of chondrosarcoma and the differentiation of chondrocytes in normal growth plate suggest that chondrosarcoma may arise from mesenchymal precursor cells driven towards chondrogenesis. We hypothesized that a comparison between cartilaginous tumours and their possible physiological cells of origin, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), might have biological and clinical relevance. MSCs from eight donors were submitted to chondrogenic differentiation in spheroid cultures. Expression profiles of MSCs at days 0, 7, 14, 28 and 42 of chondrogenesis and of 18 chondrosarcomas with different histological grades were studied using a customized cDNA array. Hierarchical clustering of MSC gene expression during chondrogenesis allowed the classification of samples in a pre‐chondrogenic and a chondrogenic cluster corresponding to the phenotypes of early and late differentiation stages. The 74 genes differentially expressed between the two clusters were defined as chondrogenesis‐relevant genes. Gene expression profiles of chondrosarcoma were submitted to hierarchical clustering on the basis of these chondrogenesis‐relevant genes. This analysis allowed clear distinction between grade I and grade III chondrosarcoma and separated grade II chondrosarcoma into two groups. All grade II chondrosarcomas with occurrence of metastasis were found together with the grade III chondrosarcomas in the pre‐chondrogenic cluster. This analysis shows that a molecular approach based on the comparison of tumour samples to an in vitro model for chondrogenic differentiation allows a new classification of chondrosarcoma in two clusters. These data suggest that the identification of a pre‐chondrogenic and a chondrogenic phenotype for chondrosarcoma by gene expression profiling could develop into a useful tool to predict the clinical behaviour of chondrosarcoma. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increased expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is associated with progression and poor prognosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wu D , Ding Y , Wang S , Zhang Q , Liu L 
Published: June 2008

AbstractHigh mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a versatile protein with intranuclear and extracellular functions that is involved in numerous biological and pathological processes, such as transcription, DNA repair, and response to infection and inflammation. The expression of HMGB1 has been described in many types of cancers, but the role of HMGB1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyse the roles of HMGB1 in NPC progression and clinical outcome using NPC clinical samples. In an immunohistochemical study, HMGB1 had high expression in 89 of 166 cases of NPC (53.6%). HMGB1 overexpression was significantly associated with T classification (p = 0.01), N classification (p = 0.003), distant metastasis (p = 0.046), and clinical stage (p < 0.001). Patients with higher levels of HMGB1 expression had poorer overall survival and disease‐free survival, whereas patients with lower levels of HMGB1 expression had better survival. Multivariate analysis showed that HMGB1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for patient survival. Disruption of endogenous HMGB1 using small interfering RNAs suppressed NPC cell invasive ability. These data support the notion that HMGB1 overexpression has a role in the progression of NPC and hence its poor clinical outcome. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inflammatory fibroid polyps harbour mutations in the platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) gene
Authors: Schildhaus H‐U , Cavlar T , Binot E , Büttner R , Wardelmann E , Merkelbach‐Bruse S 
Published: June 2008

AbstractInflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) are mesenchymal tumours which arise in the submucosa and mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. To date, the pathogenesis is unknown and IFPs are considered reactive and non‐neoplastic lesions. Investigating a series of 23 IFPs, we made the observation that the tumours consistently express PDGFRA. To further elucidate the pathogenetic role of PDGFRA, we performed mutational analyses of exons 10, 12, 14, and 18. As IFPs are characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate rich in eosinophils, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization in a subset of tumours to investigate a possible FIP1L1–PDGFRA translocation which is known as the cause of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Sixteen IFPs (70%) harboured activating mutations in exons 12 and 18, respectively: V561D (n = 1), R560SΔ561–567 (n = 1), Δ559–561D591H (n = 1), S566RΔ567–571 (n = 3), D842V (n = 7), D842I (n = 1), Δ842–845 (n = 1), and Δ845–848 (n = 1). These mutations equal pathogenic mutations detected in gastrointestinal stromal tumours previously. Activating mutations in exons 10 and 14 were not noted. None of the cases revealed the FIP1L1–PDGFRA translocation. Considering the remarkable number of activating mutations detected in our series, we conclude that the vast majority of IFPs harbour gain‐of‐function mutations in the PDGFRA gene. The presence of PDGFRA mutations questions the reactive nature of IFPs and raises the possibility of a neoplastic process. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.