bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A genome‐wide linkage scan for cleft lip and cleft palate identifies a novel locus on 8p11‐23
Authors: Riley B.M. , Schultz R.E. , Cooper M.E. , Goldstein‐McHenry T. , Daack‐Hirsch S. , Lee K.T. , Dragan E. , Vieira A.R. , Lidral A.C. , Marazita M.L. , Murray J.C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIsolated or nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NS CLP) is a complex disorder resulting from multiple genetic and environmental factors. NS CLP has a birth prevalence of 1 per 500 in the Philippines where large families provide an opportunity for gene localization. Genotyping of 392 microsatellite repeat markers at 10 cM intervals over the genome was performed by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) on 220 Filipino families with 567 affected and 1,109 unaffected family members genotyped. Among the most statistically significant results from analysis of the genome‐wide scan data was a 20 cM region at 8p11‐23 in which markers had LODs ≥1.0. This region on 8p11‐23 has not been found in any previous genome wide scan nor does it contain any of the candidate genes widely studied in CLP. Fine mapping in 8p11‐23 was done in the 220 families plus an additional 51 families, using SNP markers from 10 known genes (FGFR1, NRG1, FZD3, SLC8A1, PPP3CC, EPHX2, BNIP3L, EGR3, PPP2R2A, and NAT1) within the 20 cM region of 8p11‐23. Linkage and association analyses of these SNPs yield suggestive results for markers in FGFR1 (recessive multipoint HLOD 1.07) and BAG4 (recessive multipoint HLOD 1.31). © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Maximizing self determination: Strategies for mediation in the practice of management
Authors: Nagarajan Sainath , Sedounik Waltraud , Robbers Diana 
Published: March 2007

AbstractIt's time to bring mediation inside the corporation. ADR processes have been at home resolving employment disputes in‐house, efficiently, for years, in well‐structured programs. Now, Sainath Nagarajan, of Boston, Waltraud Sedounik, of London, and Diana Robbers, of Rotterdam, propose using mediation practices, processes and techniques to get projects done in company settings. In a special handbook‐length feature, the authors propose a grid for interactions between different corporate constituencies that provides a guideline for effective communications.
N.J. court committee requires most out‐of‐state lawyers to register for ADR
Authors: Bleemer Russ , Gray Lauren A. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA New Jersey Supreme Court committee issues an unauthorized practice of law opinion that calls into question who can represent a party in private ADR matters. Based on recent‐vintage changes to attorneys' model conduct rules, the move, while extreme, also may be part of a larger trend nationwide
Dppc+PF6−–PdCl2–[bmim][PF6]–a copper‐free recyclable catalytic system for Sonogashira coupling reaction
Authors: Guan Jintao , Yu Guang‐Ao , Hou Jian‐Guo , Yu Na , Ren Yong , Liu Sheng Hua 
Published: March 2007

AbstractAn air‐stable, copper‐free and highly efficient Dppc+PF6−–PdCl2–[bmim][PF6] catalytic system has been developed for the Sonogashira coupling reaction of aryl iodides with various aryl‐ and alkylacetylenes. The catalytic system allows for facile separation and can be recycled at least eight times with minimal loss of activity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The transitional object in dementia: clinical implications
Authors: LoboPrabhu Sheila , Molinari Victor , Lomax James 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe concept of the transitional object in human development was first proposed by Winnicott, and it has been extensively discussed in the child psychoanalytic literature. However, there are very few empirical studies on the transitional object in adult development. The transitional object has been discussed in relation to medical illness, medication, aggression, dreams, spirituality and religion, borderline personality disorder, anxiety disorder, fetishes, medication, and body image. There is very little literature on the transitional object in dementia. Dementia is a process of transition from a healthy, active state to a dependent state with progressive loss of memory, functional skills, and independence. Patients and families experience grief, loss, fear, anxiety, guilt, and anger. In this article, we address the role of the transitional object in dementia. We discuss the concepts of the transitional object and precursor object, and their possible role in interventions with patients and caregivers. We discuss various aspects of the therapeutic process and treatment setting, which may serve as transitional objects in various stages of dementia. The therapeutic relationship serves as the “holding environment” in which various transitions may be safely accomplished. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
cDNA characterization and expression analysis of two arylphorin‐like hexameric protein genes from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)
Authors: Ashfaq Muhammad , Sonoda Shoji , Tsumuki Hisaaki 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe cloned and characterized two hexameric storage protein genes, PxAry1 and PxAry2, from Plutella xylostella and investigated the expression pattern in different developmental stages and in response to treatment by a juvenile hormone (JH) analog. The complete coding sequences of PxAry1 and PxAry2 are comprised of 2,097 and 2,094 bp with 699 and 698 amino acid residues, respectively. Signal peptides of 16 amino acids are predicted at the N‐termini. According to both the phylogenetic analysis and amino acid composition (>16% aromatic amino acids), PxAry1 and PxAry2 belong to the arylphorin‐like protein genes. Analysis using Northern hybridization and RT‐PCR showed varying levels of genes expression in the developmental stages with a small difference between sexes. Expression of both genes in fourth instar larvae was suppressed after treatment with a JH‐analog. Southern hybridization revealed the presence of multiple arylphorin genes in the genome. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 64:175–185, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expression and function of cathepsin B‐like proteinase in larval hemocytes of Helicoverpa armigera during metamorphosis
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Mei , Hou Li‐Jing , Wang Jin‐Xing , Zhao Xiao‐Fan 
Published: March 2007

AbstractPrevious work has revealed that Helicoverpa armigera cathepsin B‐like proteinase (HCB) is expressed in oocytes as well as fat bodies of pupae and adults. It plays key roles in the degradation of yolk proteins during embryogenesis and the decomposition of adult fat bodies of H. armigera. This study investigated the expression and function of HCB in larval hemocytes during larva–pupa metamorphosis. Results showed that the expression of HCB in hemocytes exhibited developmental stage specificity. No HCB was found in hemocytes from 5th‐molting larvae. On the contrary, HCB was highly transcribed in the hemocytes from 6th–48‐h larvae. Besides, it was abundantly translated in 6th–96‐h larvae (prepupation). HCB is mainly expressed in plasmatocytes and granulocytes at both transcriptional and translational levels. The number of plasmatocytes and granulocytes markedly increased before pupation. In addition, hemocytes distributed in hematopoietic organs at early larval stage, then migrated to midgut and fat bodies that would undergo histolysis at later larval stage. These findings suggested that HCB is expressed in H. armigera larval hemocytes and involved in larva‐pupa metamorphosis. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 64:164–174, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glass Transitions of Ordinary and Heavy Water within Silica‐Gel Nanopores
Authors: Oguni Masaharu , Maruyama Satoshi , Wakabayashi Kenji , Nagoe Atsushi 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe dynamic properties of water confined within nanospaces are of interest given that such water plays important roles in geological and biological systems. The enthalpy‐relaxation properties of ordinary and heavy water confined within silica‐gel voids of 1.1, 6, 12, and 52 nm in average diameter were examined by adiabatic calorimetry. Most of the water was found to crystallize within the pores above about 2 nm in diameter but to remain in the liquid state down to 80 K within the pores less than about 1.6 nm in diameter. Only one glass transition was observed, at Tg=119, 124, and 132 K for ordinary water and Tg=125, 130, and 139 K for heavy water, in the 6‐, 12‐, and 52‐nm diameter pores, respectively. On the other hand, two glass transitions were observed at Tg=115 and 160 K for ordinary water and Tg=118 and 165 K for heavy water in the 1.1‐nm pores. Interfacial water molecules on the pore wall, which remain in the noncrystalline state in each case, were interpreted to be responsible for the glass transitions in the region 115–139 K, and internal water molecules, surrounded only by water molecules in the liquid state, are responsible for those at 160 or 165 K in the case of the 1.1‐nm pores. It is suggested that the glass transition of bulk supercooled water takes place potentially at 160 K or above due to the development of an energetically more stable hydrogen‐bonding network of water molecules at low temperatures.
Conformational Polymorphism in N‐(4′‐methoxyphenyl)‐ 3‐bromothiobenzamide
Authors: Bashkirava Anastasiya , Andrews Philip C. , Junk Peter C. , Robertson Evan G. , Spiccia Leone , Vanderhoek Nafty 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThree conformational polymorphs of N‐(4′‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐bromothiobenzamide, yellow α, orange β, and yellow γ, have been identified by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The properties and structure of the polymorphs were examined with FT Raman, FTIR (ATR), and UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as differential scanning calorimetry. Computational data on rotational barriers in the isolated gas‐phase molecule indicate that the molecular conformation found in the α form is energetically preferred, but only by around 2 kJ mol−1 over the γ conformation. The planar molecular structure found in the β form is destabilized by 10–14 kJ mol−1, depending on the calculation method. However, experimental evidence suggests that the β polymorph is the most stable crystalline phase at room temperature. This is attributed to the relative planarity of this structure, which allows more and stronger intermolecular interactions, that is, more energetically effective packing. Calculated electronic‐absorption maxima were in agreement with experimental spectra.
Self‐Assembly and Host–Guest Chemistry of a 3.5‐nm Coordination Nanotube
Authors: Yamaguchi Takumi , Tashiro Shohei , Tominaga Masahide , Kawano Masaki , Ozeki Tomoji , Fujita Makoto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractUpon complexation with PdII ions, precisely designed strandlike ligands with two tris(3,5‐pyridine) units at both terminals were assembled, with the aid of a linear template molecule, into a discrete tubular complex with a length of 3.5 nm. The high stability and the well‐defined structure of the coordination nanotube were revealed by NMR spectroscopy, cold‐spray ionization MS, and single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. Guest lengths were discriminated by the tube: When the association of strandlike guest molecules, in which two biphenylene units are linked with an (OCH2CH2)n linker, were compared, the tube selectively recognized an appropriate guest whose length was comparable to that of the tube. Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)‐terminated linear guests were directly oxidized to TTF2+ in the tube, but reduced stepwise via TTF+⋅ outside the tube.
Alkali‐Metal Pyrazolate Complexes with Unusual Pyrazolate Coordination Modes and Pseudocubane Motifs
Authors: Beaini Samar , Deacon Glen B. , Erven Anja P. , Junk Peter C. , Turner David R. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractThe dimeric complex [Li(Ph2pz)(OEt2)]2 (1) and tetrameric cluster [Na(Ph2pz)(thf)]4 (2) were prepared by treatment of alkali‐metal reagents (nBuLi and Na{N(SiMe3)2}, respectively) with 3,5‐diphenylpyrazole (Ph2pzH) in Et2O (1) or THF (2). The polymer [Na(tBu2pz)]n (3) was obtained from reaction at elevated temperature in a sealed tube between Na metal and 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylpyrazole (tBu2pzH). The complex [Na4(tBu2pz)2(thf)3(obds)]2 (4; obds=(OSiMe2)2O) was obtained as a minor product from prolonged treatment of tBu2pzH with elemental sodium in a silicone‐greased flask. All four alkali‐metal pyrazolato complexes were characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography.The Li dimer 1 displays μ‐η2:η1 lithium–pyrazolato binding, in which both lithium atoms are four‐coordinate. Room‐ and variable‐temperature NMR studies (1H, 13C, and 7Li) of 1 suggest similar behavior in solution, with peaks coalescing at low temperatures. Complexes 2 and 4 display distorted cubane structures. In 2, all the sodium atoms are five‐coordinate, whereas 4 contains two sodium/pyrazolate/thf clusters (4:2:3 ratio) bridged by two obds2− units, as well as two four‐coordinate and two five‐coordinate sodium atoms. Compound 3 is composed of two independent chains with the unusual coordination modes μ3‐η5:η2:η2, μ3‐η5:η2:η1, and μ3‐η4:η2:η1, with five‐, six‐, and seven‐coordinate sodium atoms. Two oxo‐centered M8 cage complexes [(tBu2pz)6Li8O] (5) and [(tBu2pz)6Na8O] (6) were obtained as by‐products from attempted preparation of [Li(tBu2pz)] and [Na(tBu2pz)], respectively, and their structures were determined.
Refining teratogen warning symbols for diverse populations
Authors: Mayhorn Christopher B. , Goldsworthy Richard C. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current research reports on efforts to refine the design of recently developed teratogen warning symbols and to examine their interpretation by different populations such as those with low health literacy, adolescents, and individuals who are not fluent in English.METHODS:Alternative symbols identified as most successful in an earlier study were further refined through the use of multiple focus groups and expert review. Six symbols emerged as potential candidates to replace the current symbol. A nationally distributed field trial (n = 700) examined these six alternate teratogen warnings in addition to the symbol presently in use.RESULTS:Five of the alternate warning symbols exceeded the level of correct interpretation elicited by the current symbol. No symbol exceeded the ANSI limit of 5% critical confusion. Two symbols consistently elicited the most accurate responses in terms of message interpretation, target audience, intended action, and perceived consequences of ignoring the warning.CONCLUSIONS:This effort produced at least two viable alternative symbols that appear to be more effective than the current symbol at communicating both the instruction to not take while pregnant and the consequence that exposure could cause birth defects. Several results varied by participant characteristics. Understanding how members of diverse subpopulations might interact with these warnings should be informative to healthcare professionals. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk for gastroschisis in primigravidity, length of sexual cohabitation, and change in paternity
Authors: Rittler Monica , Castilla Eduardo E. , Chambers Christina , Lopez‐Camelo Jorge S. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractBACKGROUND:Maternal epidemiologic similarities between gastroschisis and preeclampsia have led to the objective of evaluating the risk for gastroschisis related to primigravidity, change in paternity, and length of cohabitation, considered as risk factors for preeclampsia.METHODS:The subjects were 288 newborns with isolated gastroschisis and 576 normal controls, matched by maternal age. They were ascertained in the Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congenitas hospital network of 10 South American countries between 1982 and 2005. Epidemiologic variables were compared among controls, between primigravidas and multigravidas, between multigravidas who had and had not changed partners, and between mothers with short and long cohabitation times with their partners. Risks associated with primigravidity, short cohabitation time, and changing paternity, as well as their combinations, were calculated. An eventual interaction between maternal age and the three risk factors was assessed.RESULTS:Only a short cohabitation time showed a significant OR for gastroschisis (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.52–3.66, p < .001), whereas ORs were not significant for primigravidity (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.84–2.35, p = .192) nor for changing paternity (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.49–3.10, p = .752). The risk was highest for multigravidas who had changed partners (OR = 8.71, 95% CI: 2.93–21.12, p < .001), followed by multigravidas who had not changed partners (OR = 3.99, 95% CI: 1.07–15.43, p = .049), and by primigravidas (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1.58–5.76, p = .001), all having cohabitated for a short time. Maternal age did not modify these risks.CONCLUSIONS:Three groups at risk for a child with gastroschisis were identified, all having in common a short cohabitation time. Antigenic or “modern” lifestyle–related factors might be involved in the origin of gastroschisis. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ytterbocenes as One‐ and Two‐Electron Reductants in their Reactions with Diazadienes: YbIII Mixed‐Ligand Bent‐Sandwich Complexes Containing a Dianion of Diazabutadiene
Authors: Trifonov Alexander A. , Borovkov Ivan A. , Fedorova Elena A. , Fukin Georgii K. , Larionova Joulia , Druzhkov Nikolai O. , Cherkasov Vladimir K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractYtterbocene [Yb(C5MeH4)2(thf)2] reacts with diazabutadiene 2,6‐iPr2C6H3NCHCHNC6H3iPr2‐2,6 (DAD) as a one‐electron reductant to afford a bis(cyclopentadienyl) YbIII derivative containing a DAD radical anion [Yb(C5MeH4)2(dad−.)]. However, ytterbocenes [YbCp*2(thf)2] (Cp*=C5Me5, C5Me4H) coordinated by sterically demanding cyclopentadienyl ligands act as two‐electron reductants in their reactions with DAD. These reactions occur by abstraction of one Cp* ring and result in the formation of novel YbIII mixed‐ligand bent‐sandwich complexes, [YbCp*(dad)(thf)], in which the dianion of DAD has an uncommon terminal η4‐coordination to the ytterbium atom. The variable‐temperature magnetic measurements of complex [Yb(C5Me5)(dad)(thf)] suggest the existence of redox tautomerism for this compound.
The Low‐Barrier Hydrogen Bond of Deuterated Benzoylacetone Probed by Very Low Temperature Neutron and X‐ray Diffraction Studies and Theoretical Calculations
Authors: Madsen Georg K. H. , McIntyre Garry J. , Schiøtt Birgit , Larsen Finn K. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractLow‐temperature neutron diffraction data is used to show that the enol deuteron in deuterated benzoylacetone has a bimodal probability density distribution. In a previous study of normal benzoylacetone we showed that the enol hydrogen atom has a broad unimodal probability density distribution. Deuteration gives hardly any change to the molecular framework other than a small lengthening of the O⋅⋅⋅O distance. We solve the vibrational Hamiltonian for a series of model hydrogen potentials and show how the proton/deuteron probability density function can become strongly perturbed by small changes to the potential. The potentials are used to show that the deuteron in benzoylacetone can be interpreted as an atom tunnelling between two possible localised positions, while the proton in benzoylacetone can be viewed as having sufficient energy to shuttle over the low‐energy barrier, even at 15 K. We underline the necessity of accounting for the dynamic nature of the hydrogen bond and not relying on a description of the proton/deuteron by a single atomic coordinate, and compare our results to structure correlation studies.
Theoretical Evidence for Pyramidalized Bicyclic Serine Enolates in Highly Diastereoselective Alkylations
Authors: Aydillo Carlos , Jiménez‐Osés Gonzalo , Busto Jesús H. , Peregrina Jesús M. , Zurbano María M. , Avenoza Alberto 
Published: March 2007

AbstractA new chiral serine equivalent and its enantiomer have been synthesized from (S)‐ and (R)‐N‐Boc‐serine methyl esters (Boc: tert‐butyloxycarbonyl). The use of these compounds as chiral building blocks has been demonstrated in the synthesis of α‐alkyl α‐amino acids by diastereoselective potassium enolate alkylation reactions and subsequent acid hydrolyses. Theoretical studies were performed to elucidate the stereochemical outcome of both the formation of five‐membered cyclic N,O‐acetals and the subsequent alkylation process, which occurs with total retention of configuration. This feature could be explained in terms of the high degree of pyramidalization of enolate intermediates.
Increased Lewis Acidity in Hafnium‐Substituted Polyoxotungstates
Authors: Boglio Cécile , Micoine Kevin , Rémy Pauline , Hasenknopf Bernold , Thorimbert Serge , Lacôte Emmanuel , Malacria Max , Afonso Carlos , Tabet Jean‐Claude 
Published: March 2007

AbstractMonolacunary polyoxotungstates [α1‐P2W17O61]10− and [α‐PW11O39]7− react with HfCl4 to yield [α1‐HfP2W17O61]6− and [α‐Hf(OH)PW11O39]4−, isolated as organo‐soluble tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts. Subsequent analyses, including mass spectrometry, show that they are stronger Lewis acids than (TBA)5H2[α1‐YbP2W17O61]. The new polyoxotungstates catalyze Lewis acid mediated organic reactions, such as Mukaiyama aldol and Mannich‐type additions. In particular, reactions with aldehydes, which were impossible with lanthanide polyoxotungstates, are made possible. Thus these modifications of the polyoxometalate composition allowed fine tuning of the Lewis acidity. The catalysts could be easily recovered and reused.
Regioselective Cross‐Coupling Reactions and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitutions on a 5,7‐Dichloropyrido[4,3‐d]pyrimidine Scaffold.
Authors: Jang Mi‐Yeon , De Jonghe Steven , Gao Ling‐Jie , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Facile [Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene Mediated Synthesis of 2‐Arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines and Their Conversion into 3‐Bromo‐2‐arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines.
Authors: Aggarwal Ranjana , Sumran Garima 
Published: March 2007

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Direct interaction of Gas11 with microtubules: Implications for the dynein regulatory complex
Authors: Bekker Janine M. , Colantonio Jessica R. , Stephens Andrew D. , Clarke W. Thomas , King Stephen J. , Hill Kent L. , Crosbie Rachelle H. 
Published: March 2007

AbstractWe previously described the Trypanin family of cytoskeleton‐associated proteins that have been implicated in dynein regulation [Hill et al., J Biol Chem2000; 275(50):39369–39378; Hutchings et al., J Cell Biol2002;156(5):867–877; Rupp and Porter, J Cell Biol2003;162(1):47–57]. Trypanin from T. brucei is part of an evolutionarily conserved dynein regulatory system that is required for regulation of flagellar beat. In C. reinhardtii, the trypanin homologue (PF2) is part of an axonemal ‘dynein regulatory complex’ (DRC) that functions as a reversible inhibitor of axonemal dynein [Piperno et al., J Cell Biol1992;118(6):1455–1463; Gardner et al., J Cell Biol1994;127(5):1311–1325]. The DRC consists of an estimated seven polypeptides that are tightly associated with axonemal microtubules. Association with the axoneme is critical for DRC function, but the mechanism by which it attaches to the microtubule lattice is completely unknown. We demonstrate that Gas11, the mammalian trypanin/PF2 homologue, associates with microtubules in vitro and in vivo. Deletion analyses identified a novel microtubule‐binding domain (GMAD) and a distinct region (IMAD) that attenuates Gas11‐microtubule interactions. Using single‐particle binding assays, we demonstrate that Gas11 directly binds microtubules and that the IMAD attenuates the interaction between GMAD and the microtubule. IMAD is able to function in either a cis‐ or trans‐orientation with GMAD. The discovery that Gas11 provides a direct linkage to microtubules provides new mechanistic insight into the structural features of the dynein‐regulatory complex. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.