bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysical properties of Ni/V and Cr/Fe multilayer films
Authors: Odnodvorets L. , Protsenko S. , Synashenko O. , Velykodnyi D. , Protsenko I. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractResults of experimental researches of electrophysical properties of Multilayer film systems Ni/V, and Cr/Fe which was formed on the basis of nanocrystals (V, Cr and Fe) and high dispersed Ni films are presented. It is carried out comparisons of experimental and calculated on the basis ratio for films alloy (Cr/Fe) and semiphenomenological model (Ni/V) results. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Solution growth and comparative characterization of L‐HFB single crystals
Authors: Sinha N. , Sahas  , Singh B. K. , Kumar K. , Singh N. , Gupta M. K. , Budakoti G. C. , Kumar B. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractSingle crystals of L‐histidine tetrafluoroborate (C6H10N3O2BF4, L‐HFB) were grown by solution growth method using two different temperature profiles: conventional, in which the growth temperature was kept constant at 30°C and rapid, in which it was increased in steps of 1 K per day while keeping the other growth conditions same. Crystals grew in nearly 30 and 10 days in the two methods, respectively. The crystals were transparent and showing its characteristic morphology. Both types of crystals were characterized by XRD for their structural comparison. Surface morphology and growth features of the crystals were studied by SEM. Features of two dimensional layer growth steps, rectangular etch pits, slip lines and bands, etc. were observed. The presence of various functional groups and their bonding were studied by FTIR in the range 4000‐400 cm‐1. Thermal stability of the crystals was determined by thermo‐gravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The generation of green light due to second harmonic generation for fundamental λ =1064 nm has been confirmed in both cases. Dielectric constant measurement was carried out in the range 20Hz‐2MHz. In the UV‐Vis studies, high transmittance and a shorter ‘lower cut off' value (232 nm) were observed. The effect of rapid growth on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the crystals were studied and compared to those of crystals grown in conventional way. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time‐dependent dielectric behaviour in incommensurate TlInS2 crystal
Authors: Mikailov F. A. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe results of measurements of temperature and time dependencies of the dielectric constant of TlInS2 in the temperature interval of successive incommensurate and commensurate phase transitions have been presented. Considerable decrease of the dielectric constant in a temperature interval including successive phase transitions was observed after annealing the sample at a fixed temperature in the ferroelectric state. Additionally, it has been revealed that the time dependencies of the real part of dielectric susceptibility and dielectric losses angle tangent of TlInS2 crystal in the incommensurate phase exhibits an unusual behaviour, which is accompanied by exponential decreasing of the dielectric constant and increasing of dielectric losses angle tangent by time. The observed effects are qualitatively explained using defect‐density‐wave model and phenomenological theory of incommensurate systems containing discommensurations undergoing nucleation and evolution processes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A comparative study of pure and potassium doped cadmium mercury thiocyanate single crystals grown in silica gel
Authors: Kumari P. Nisha Santha , Margaret M. Beatrice , Kalainathan S. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractPure and potassium doped cadmium mercury thiocyanate single crystals have been obtained from silica gel by the process of diffusion. The X‐ray diffraction studies reveal the crystal lattice of both pure and doped crystals to be tetragonal. The crystalline perfection of the grown crystals were investigated by high resolution X‐ray diffraction analysis and the quality of the crystals are found to be extremely good. Transmission and Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded for the grown crystals. The TG/DTA analyses show that the crystals are highly thermally stable. The mechanical strength of the crystals were studied by Vickers microhardness test and a study of their second harmonic generation efficiency in comparison with urea has been made by performing Kurtz powder test. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low temperature hydrothermal growth and optical properties of ZnO nanorods
Authors: Yang J. H. , Zheng J. H. , Zhai H. J. , Yang L. L. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWell‐faceted hexagonal ZnO nanorods have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method at relative low temperature (90°C) without any catalysts or templates. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were grown in an aqueous solution that contained Zinc chloride (ZnCl2, Aldrich, purity 98%) and ammonia (25%). Most of the ZnO nanorods show the perfect hexagonal cross section and well‐faceted top and side surfaces. The diameter of ZnO nanorods decreased with the reaction time prolonging. The samples have been characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurement. XRD pattern confirmed that the as‐prepared ZnO was the single‐phase wurtzite structure formation. SEM results showed that the samples were rod textures. The surface‐related optical properties have been investigated by photoluminescence (PL) spectrum and Raman spectrum. Photoluminescence measurements showed each spectrum consists of a weak band ultraviolet (UV) band and a relatively broad visible light emission peak for the samples grown at different time. It has been found that the green emission in Raman measurement may be related to surface states. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Synthesis and crystallographic characterization of a six coordinate Cu(II) complex based on hexamethylenetetramine ligand
Authors: Yawen Xuan , Wen Wu , Shujing Li 
Published: August 2008

AbstractThe title compound, Cu(H2O)6]Cl2.2{(CH2)6N4}.4H2O (1), has been prepared under mild hydrothermal conditions. Each CuII atom, located on a centre of symmetry, is coordinated by six water molecules in distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The hexamethylenetetramine molecule does not coordinate to the Cu atom but links with the Cu complex via three O—H…N hydrogen bonds. The remaining N atom of the hexamethylenetetramine is hydrogen‐bonded to the solvent water molecule. In the crystal structure, intermolecular O—H…O, O—H…N and O—H…Cl hydrogen bonds link the components into a three‐dimensional network. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Co nanoclusters as origin of ferromagnetism in sol‐gel synthesized Zn1‐xCoxO (x = 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) samples
Authors: Sharma V. K. , Varma G. D. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractWe report on the structural and magnetic properties of the polycrystalline samples of Zn1‐xCoxO (x = 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) synthesized via sol‐gel route. The air sintered samples of all compositions exhibit paramagnetic behaviour at room temperature, on the other hand the same samples on annealing in Ar/H2 atmosphere show room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) with enhanced magnetization. The value of magnetization increases with the Co concentration (x) in both the air sintered and Ar/H2 annealed samples. The observed ferromagnetism in the Ar/H2 annealed Zn1‐xCoxO (x = 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) samples is attributed to the presence of Co nanoclusters as detected by XRD and FESEM‐EDAX. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A flow‐cytometry method for analyzing the composition of membrane rafts
Authors: Morales‐García M. Guadalupe , Fournié Jean‐Jacques , Moreno‐Altamirano M. Maximina Bertha , Rodríguez‐Luna Gabriela , Flores Ricardo‐Mondragón , Sánchez‐García F. Javier 
Published: August 2008

AbstractMembrane rafts are involved in a broad variety of biological processes. Their protein composition under growth factor stimulation, anti‐inflammatory or proinflammatory microenvironments, or in the course of pathogenic infections still remains to be determined. However, current techniques aimed at the identification of particular proteins on membrane rafts are not devoid of pitfalls. Membrane rafts were obtained by detergent‐free based differential centrifugation from Jurkat T cells and J774 macrophages. Membrane rafts were labeled with fluorochrome‐labeled antibodies directed against different cell membrane molecules, and with fluorochrome‐labeled cholera toxin B that targets GM1 and analyzed by flow cytometry. CD3, CD11a, and GM1 were shown to be differentially expressed on Jurkat T cell‐derived membrane rafts, indicating heterogeneity in membrane rafts composition. On the other hand, it was shown in J774 cell‐derived membrane rafts that most but not all CD14 is present in the GM1‐containing membrane fragments, thus confirming the heterogeneity of membrane rafts composition in other cell lines. The method described here allows the fluorometric assessment of the relative expression of more than one membrane raft component at a time, and at a single vesicle level in a fast and sensitive manner. This method seems to be a suitable approach to evaluate the molecular heterogeneity in membrane rafts composition. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Contamination of synthetic HuD protein spanning peptide pools with a CMV‐encoded peptide
Authors: de Graaf Marieke T. , de Beukelaar Janet W. , Burgers Peter C. , Luider Theo M. , Kraan Jaco , Smitt Peter A. Sillevis , Gratama Jan W. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractTo detect HuD‐specific T cells in patients with Hu‐antibody associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (Hu‐PNS), we used short‐term stimulation assays with HuD protein spanning peptide pools (PSPP) with purities of at least 70% and found reproducible false‐positive CD8+ T‐cell responses in three of 127 individuals (two healthy controls and one Hu‐PNS patient), which all shared HLA‐A*2402 and HLA‐B*1801. After testing the 15‐mer peptides of the HuD antigen separately, we discovered that the same three 15‐mers yielded the CD8+ T cell response in those three individuals. This highly unusual result could not be reproduced when using new batches of peptides with a higher level of purity (>82% and >95%). Therefore, we assumed this response was not directed against the HuD peptides and analyzed the HuD 15‐mers by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT‐ICR) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), which showed the presence of a cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐encoded peptide (AIAEESDEEEAIVAY) as a contaminant. The three responding individuals all were CMV‐seropositive and the contaminating peptide appeared to fit in the binding groove of HLA‐B*18. Our data reveal that synthetic PSPP may contain immunogenic contaminations which may cause false positive results in T‐cell stimulation assays. © 2008 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The use of receiver operating characteristic analysis for detection of minimal residual disease using five‐color multiparameter flow cytometry in acute myeloid leukemia identifies patients with high risk of relapse
Authors: Al‐Mawali Adhra , Gillis David , Lewis Ian 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBackground:Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) has been shown to be a useful approach for detection of minimal residual disease (MRD). The aim of the study was to determine the optimal threshold that can separate patients into two groups in terms of leukemic residual cells and relapse status after induction and consolidation chemotherapy.Methods:Five‐color MFC and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were used to determine the optimal threshold. This study analyzed 54 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients.Results:LAPs were detected in 51/54 (94%) patients. MRD was evaluated in the bone marrow (BM) in morphologic complete remission from 25 and 22 patients after induction and consolidation, respectively. The threshold discriminating MRD− from MRD+ cases was set at 0.15% residual leukemic cells, a level that allowed optimal sensitivity and specificity for prediction of relapse, both at postinduction (P = 0.05) and postconsolidation (P = 0.009) time points using ROC analysis. MRD level postinduction not only influenced relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.004) but also overall survival (OS) (P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that MRD level postinduction was a powerful independent prognostic factor for both RFS (P = 0.037) and OS (P = 0.026).Conclusions:Using the ROC analysis, the threshold of 0.15% was defined as the optimal value in discriminating risk categories in AML, and postinduction MRD assessment is able to better predict disease outcome than consolidation. Therefore, MRD analysis by MFC could be used for refining the selection of therapeutic strategies and improving clinical outcome in individual patients. © 2008 Clinical Cytometry Society
Berechnungsvorschlag zur Bestimmung der Schubtragfähigkeit von Aussteifungsscheiben aus Mauerwerk
Authors: Kranzler Thomas , Graubner Carl‐Alexander 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIm Rahmen des EU‐Forschungsvorhabens ESECMaSE (Enhanced Safety and Efficient Construction of Masonry Structures in Europe) wurde am Institut für Massivbau der TU Darmstadt ein innovatives Modell zur Berechnung der Schubtragfähigkeit von Aussteifungsscheiben aus unbewehrtem Mauerwerk entwickelt. Ein neuer integraler Berechnungsvorschlag, welcher die wesentlichen Einflussgrößen auf die Schubtragfähigkeit von Mauerwerksscheiben beinhaltet und durch entsprechende FE‐Analysen verifiziert wurde, basiert auf den Ergebnissen einer detaillierten Analyse, Bewertung und Erweiterung der aus der Literatur bekannten Nachweisverfahren. Die Güte des neuen Vorschlages kann durch eine Gegenüberstellung der rechnerischen Traglasten mit experimentellen Ergebnissen gezeigt werden.
Chancen und Möglichkeiten von ESECMaSE – Konsequenzen für die Modellierung von Mauerwerksgebäuden
Authors: Jäger Wolfram , Fehling Ekkehard , Schermer Detleff , Stürz Jochen , Schöps Peter 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie Einführung der neuen Erdbeben‐ und Windlastnormen und die Entwicklungen auf dem Materialsektor haben zu zahlreichen Untersuchungen zur Schubtragfähigkeit von Mauerwerk geführt. Es ging im Wesentlichen darum, die Bemessungsgleichungen zur Bestimmung der Schubfestigkeit von Mauerwerk bzw. der Tragfähigkeit einer einzelnen Wand zu optimieren und mit Versuchsergebnissen in Übereinstimmung zu bringen. Damit sollten die Verluste aus den verschärften Einwirkungen und dem Teil sicherheitskonzept kompensiert werden. Trotz Ausnutzung des nichtlinearen Verhaltens haben jedoch diese Bemühungen Grenzen. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Tragfähigkeit von Gebäuden zeigten erhebliche Reserven bei der Interaktion im Bauteilverbund, die es durch eine verbesserte Modellierung als System zukünftig zu nutzen gilt. Im Folgenden sollen einige dieser Ergebnisse vorgestellt, die Konsequenzen erläutert und ein Ausblick auf die zukünftige Vorgehensweise bei der Modellierung gegeben werden.
Pseudo‐dynamische Großversuche an Reihenmittelhäusern
Authors: Meyer Udo , González Antonio Caballero 
Published: August 2008

AbstractIm Rahmen des Europäischen Forschungsvorhabens ESECMaSE wurden im Forschungslabor ELSA in ISPRA (Italien) zwei pseudo‐dynamische Großversuche im Maßstab 1:1 an Reihenhaushälften durchgeführt. Die Versuche zeigen eindrucksvoll, dass übliche Reihenhausgrundrisse bei den in Deutschland zu erwartenden Erdbeben lasten nahezu rissfrei bleiben.Die Versuche bilden zusammen mit den vorhergehenden Untersuchungen im Rahmen des Projekts die Grundlage für eine nachhaltige Optimierung der bislang gängigen Bemessungsannahmen und ‐modelle, mit denen die Leistungsfähigkeit von Mauerwerkbauten zur Zeit noch deutlich unterschätzt wird.
Klimaschutz mit wirtschaftlichem Augenmaß – zur Novellierung der Energieeinsparverordnung (EnEV) 2009/2012
Authors: Herholz Ronny 
Published: August 2008

AbstractDie Bundesregierung hat am 5. Dezember 2007 im Nachgang zur Sitzung von Meseberg die Eckpunkte für ein Integriertes Energie‐ und Klimaprogramm (IKEP) beschlossen. Das ehrgeizige Programm sieht vor, bis 2020 schädliche Emissionen des Treibhausgases Kohlendioxid um 40% gegenüber 1990 zu verringern. Aktuell werden so viele neue gesetzliche Rahmenbedingungen für fast alle energierelevanten Alltagsbereiche erarbeitet wie in den letzten 10Jahren zusammen nicht. Wenn auch jetzt noch eine Reihe wichtiger Fragen nicht geklärt ist, bereits am 21. Mai 2008 wurde das IKEPII im Bundeskabinett beschlossen. Ab 2009 gilt eine erneut verschärfte Energieeinsparverordnung (EnEV).
False Hyperglycemies in Diabetic Patients Using Icodextrin in Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Ramos Rosa , González Teresa , Fulladosa Xavier , Castelao Alberto M. , Grinyó Josep M. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractBACKGROUNDMonitoring blood glucose is an important part of integral management of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with diabetes. Nowadays, several systems of glucometers are commercially available, and practically all are based on 3 enzymatic reactions. The two systems used most often are glucose oxidase (GOD) and glucose dehydrogenase using pyrroloquinolinequinone cofactor (GDH/PQQ). On the other hand, icodextrin (Extraneal) is an isosmotic PD solution containing glucose polymers. Accumulation in the systemic circulation of icodextrin metabolites may lead to a disparity between fi nger‐stick and formal blood glucose measurement.METHODSWe analyzed the possible interference of icodextrin metabolites with various glucose assays in 9 diabetic patients undergoing PD using icodextrin.RESULTSThe simple regression test showed a good association between central laboratory values and the Ascensia Breeze II (Bayer) glucometer:GOD (r = 0.928; p < 0.0001), the One Touch Ultra (Johnson and Johnson): GOD (r = 0.911; p < 0.0002), and the Glucocard Memory 2 (Menarini):GOD (r = 0.966; p < 0.00001). Nevertheless, the Accu‐chek Aviva (Roche):GDH/PQQ showed poor correlation (r = 0.353; p = 0.317) with the laboratory results. It has been suggested that maltose interferes with glucose assays that use glucose dehydrogenase with GDH/PQQ, leading to falsely increased readings. Our results confirmed that GDH/PQQ devices overestimated glucose levels in these patientsCONCLUSIONSWe concluded that patients with diabetes mellitus treated by icodextrin‐PD are at risk of having erroneous blood glucose measurements using GDH/PQQ‐based glucometers. Careful attention needs to be given to checking that the glucose devices used in these patients are based on GOD, GDH with a different PQQ cofactor, or hexokinase methods in order to minimize the risk of hypoglycemies due to an overdose of insulin.
Cross‐Modal transfer of the conditioned eyeblink response during interstimulus interval discrimination training in young rats
Authors: Brown Kevin L. , Stanton Mark E. 
Published: August 2008

AbstractEyeblink classical conditioning (EBC) was observed across a broad developmental period with tasks utilizing two interstimulus intervals (ISIs). In ISI discrimination, two distinct conditioned stimuli (CSs; light and tone) are reinforced with a periocular shock unconditioned stimulus (US) at two different CS–US intervals. Temporal uncertainty is identical in design with the exception that the same CS is presented at both intervals. Developmental changes in conditioning have been reported in each task beyond ages when single‐ISI learning is well developed. The present study sought to replicate and extend these previous findings by testing each task at four separate ages. Consistent with previous findings, younger rats (postnatal day—PD23 and 30) trained in ISI discrimination showed evidence of enhanced cross‐modal influence of the short CS–US pairing upon long CS conditioning relative to older subjects. ISI discrimination training at PD43–47 yielded outcomes similar to those in adults (PD65–71). Cross‐modal transfer effects in this task therefore appear to diminish between PD30 and PD43–47. Comparisons of ISI discrimination with temporal uncertainty indicated that cross‐modal transfer in ISI discrimination at the youngest ages did not represent complete generalization across CSs. ISI discrimination undergoes a more protracted developmental emergence than single‐cue EBC and may be a more sensitive indicator of developmental disorders involving cerebellar dysfunction. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 50: 647‐664, 2008.
Expression pattern of Anosmin‐1 during pre‐ and postnatal rat brain development
Authors: Clemente Diego , Esteban Pedro F. , Del Valle Ignacio , Bribián Ana , Soussi‐Yanicostas Nadia , Silva Augusto , De Castro Fernando 
Published: August 2008

AbstractAnosmin‐1 participates in the development of the olfactory and GnRH systems. Defects in this protein are responsible for both the anosmia and the hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism found in Kallmann's syndrome patients. Sporadically, these patients also manifest some neurological symptoms that are not explained in terms of the developmental defects in the olfactory system. We describe the pattern of Anosmin‐1 expression in the central nervous system during rat development using a novel antibody raised against Anosmin‐1 (Anos1). The areas with Anos1‐stained neurons and glial cells were classified into three groups: (1) areas with immunoreactivity from embryonic day 16 to postnatal day (P) 15; (2) areas with Anosmin‐1 expression only at postnatal development; (3) nuclei with immunoreactivity only at P15. Our data show that Anos1 immunoreactivity is detected in projecting neurons and interneurons within areas of the brain that may be affected in patients with Kallmann's syndrome that develop both the principal as well as sporadic symptoms. Developmental Dynamics 237:2518–2528, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adipato‐Bridged Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Zheng Yue‐Qing , Cheng De‐Yi , Lin Jian‐Li , Li Zhi‐Feng , Wang Xian‐Wen 
Published: August 2008

AbstractReactions of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O, adipic acid, and 2,2′‐bipyridine/1,10‐phenanthroline in aqueous methanolic solutions afforded four adipato‐bridged CuII complexes, {[Cu(phen)2]2(C6H8O4)}(ClO4)2 (1), {[Cu(phen)2]2(C6H8O4)}(ClO4)2·1.33H2O (2), [Cu2(phen)2(H2O)]2(C6H8O4)2(ClO4)4 (3), and {[Cu2(bpy)2(H2O)]2(C6H8O4)2}(ClO4)4·2H2O (4) (phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine, C6H8O4 = adipate anion). The centrosymmetric adipato‐bridged dumbbell‐like dinuclear complex cations {[Cu(phen)2]2(C6H8O4)}2+ in 1 and 2, through aromatic stacking interactions, are assembled into supramolecular (4,4) networks, and twofold interpenetration of the networks completes the 3D supramolecular architectures with counterions as well as the lattice water molecules in voids. The characteristic secondary building units in 3 and 4 are the centrosymmetric double‐semi‐paddle‐wheel oftetranuclear {[Cu2(phen)2(H2O)]2(COO)4} and{[Cu2(bpy)2(H2O)]2(COO)4} clusters, respectively, which are interconnected by adipato ligands to form (4,4) networks. The resulting networks, through interlayer‐stacking interactions, are assembled into a 3D open framework with counterions as well as the lattice water molecules in channels. Magnetic studies of 3 and 4 suggest significant antiferromagnetic coupling interactions between CuII ions bridged by the syn–syn carboxylate groups, whereas weak ferromagnetic coupling is observed between two symmetry‐related copper(II) ions bridged by the μ2‐O atoms. Cyclic voltammograms of 3 and 4 exhibit similar redox behaviors and display two quasireversible couples. The thermal decompositions of 3 and 4 are also described.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)