bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unintended consequences: data practice in the backstage of social media
Authors: Zheng Ken 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThrough an ethnographic study of Chinese IT professionals who integrate a form of data culture into the digital platforms they design, maintain, and operate daily within one of China’s tech giants, this paper reveals numerous overlaps and interrelations between the data practices of Chinese IT professionals and the broader social implications that arise from them. The aim is to foster a more productive dialogue between the social studies of quantification and platform studies. This original research proposes the backstage as a potent methodology for inquiring into the role of Chinese IT professionals and domestic tech giants in advancing measuring systems and audit culture. This paper concludes by suggesting that such an approach can also be applied to wider studies of the paradox in quantification between its general claims and specific effects.
An evaluation of a public partnership project between academic institutions and young people with Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage
Authors: Moult Alice , Knight Natalie , Medina Nathan , Babatunde Opeyemi , Kingstone Tom , Duffy Helen , Fryer Kate , Canvin Krysia , Swaithes Laura , Brading Lucy , Bray Lucy , Russell Wanda , Dziedzic Krysia 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
This project (named Reinvent) aimed to promote Public Involvement (PI) in health research. Academics worked with a community group, the Eloquent Praise & Empowerment Dance Company, to develop a community partnership with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the Reinvent project for key learnings on how to engage and build partnerships with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities.

Methods
Reinvent developed a steering group which consisted of five young people, one academic, a Race Equality Ambassador and the Director of Eloquent. The steering group co-produced an agenda for two workshops and the evaluation tools used. The content of the workshops included drama exercises, discussions on physical and mental health, nutrition and school-life, short introductions to the concepts of research and PI, and group work to critique and improve a video currently used to promote PI in health research to young people. The evaluation tools included using the ‘Cube’ evaluation framework, video-blogging and collecting anonymous feedback.
Findings
The responses to the ‘Cube’ evaluation framework were positive across all four domains (agenda, voice, contribute change) in both workshops. A few of the young people described having a better understanding of the meaning and practice of PI in a video-blog. The anonymous feedback suggested that the workshops had increased young people’s confidence in sharing their thoughts and opinions about health and PI.

Conclusion
Reinvent has shown that academic institutions and young people from an under-served community can partner to co-design workshops and apply evaluation tools. Working with young people in an environment in which they were comfortable, and by researchers joining in with the activities that the young people enjoyed (such as dance), enabled more informal and open conversations to develop. More work is needed to build upon this project so that young people can feel confident and supported to get involved in PI activities relating to research.
The effect of fingerprint expertise on visual short-term memory
Authors: Corbett Brooklyn J. , Tangen Jason M. , Searston Rachel A. , Thompson Matthew B. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractExpert fingerprint examiners demonstrate impressive feats of memory that may support their accuracy when making high-stakes identification decisions. Understanding the interplay between expertise and memory is therefore critical. Across two experiments, we tested fingerprint examiners and novices on their visual short-term memory for fingerprints. In Experiment 1, experts showed substantially higher memory performance compared to novices for fingerprints from their domain of expertise. In Experiment 2, we manipulated print distinctiveness and found that while both groups benefited from distinctive prints, experts still outperformed novices. This indicates that beyond stimulus qualities, expertise itself enhances short-term memory, likely through more effective organisational processing and sensitivity to meaningful patterns. Taken together, these findings shed light on the cognitive mechanisms that may explain fingerprint examiners’ superior memory performance within their domain of expertise. They further suggest that training to improve memory for diverse fingerprints could practically boost examiner performance. Given the high-stakes nature of forensic identification, characterising psychological processes like memory that potentially contribute to examiner accuracy has important theoretical and practical implications.
Dietary L-Methionine modulates the gut microbiota and improves the expression of tight junctions in an in vitro model of the chicken gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Kwak Min-Jin , Kang Anna , Eor JuYoung , Ryu Sangdon , Choi Youbin , Heo Jung Min , Song Minho , Kim Jong Nam , Kim Hyeon-Jin , Kim Younghoon 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The poultry industry encounters a number of factors that affect growth performance and productivity; nutrition is essential for sustaining physiological status and protecting against stressors such as heat, density, and disease. The addition of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids to the diet can help restore productivity and support the body’s defense mechanisms against stress. Methionine (Met) is indispensable for poultry’s energy metabolism, physiology, performance, and feed utilization capacity. Through this study, we aimed to examine the physiological effects of methionine supplementation on poultry as well as alterations of intestinal microbiome.

Methods
We utilized the DL- and L- form of methionine on Caenorhabditis elegans and the FIMM (Fermentor for intestine microbiota model) in-vitro digesting system. A genomic-analysis of the transcriptome confirmed that methionine supplementation can modulate growth-related physiological metabolic pathways and immune responses in the host poultry. The C. elegans model was used to assess the general health benefits of a methionine supplement for the host.

Results
Regardless of the type or concentration of methionine, supplementation with methionine significantly increased the lifespan of C. elegans. Feed grade L-Methionine 95%, exhibited the highest lifespan performance in C. elegans. Methionine supplementation increased the expression of tight junction genes in the primary intestinal cells of both broiler and laying hens, which is directly related to immunity. Feed grade L-Methionine 95% performed similarly or even better than DL-Methionine or L-Methionine treatments with upper doses in terms of enhancing intestinal integrity. In vitro microbial cultures of healthy broilers and laying hens fed methionine revealed changes in intestinal microflora, including increased Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira compositions. When laying hens were given feed grade L-Methionine 95% and 100%, pathogenic Campylobacter at the genus level was decreased, while commensal bacteria were increased.

Conclusions
Supplementation of feed grade L-Methionine, particularly L-Methionine 95%, was more beneficial to the host poultry than supplementing other source of methionine for maintaining intestinal integrity and healthy microbiome.
GNSS gyroscopes: determination of angular velocity and acceleration with very high-rate GNSS
Authors: Shi Yun , Xu Peiliang , Shu Yuanming , Meng Xiaolin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAlthough global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have been routinely applied to determine attitudes, there exists no literature on determining angular velocity and/or angular acceleration from GNSS. Motivated by the invention of computerized accelerometers of the correspondence author and following the success of accurately recovering translational velocity and acceleration waveforms from very high-rate GNSS precise positioning by Xu and his collaborators in 2021, we propose the concept of GNSS gyroscopes and reconstruct angular velocity and acceleration from very high-rate GNSS attitudes by applying regularization under the criterion of minimum mean squared errors. The major results from the experiments can be summarized in the following: (i) angular velocity and acceleration waveforms computed by applying the difference methods to high-rate GNSS attitudes are too noisy and can be physically not meaningful and numerically incorrect. The same can be said about inertial measurement unit (IMU) attitudes, if IMU gyros are not of very high accuracy; (ii) regularization is successfully applied to reconstruct the high-rate angular velocity and acceleration waveforms from 50 Hz GNSS attitudes and significantly outperforms the difference methods, validating the proposed concept of GNSS gyroscopes. By comparing the angular velocity and acceleration results by using the difference methods and regularization, we find that the peak values of angular velocity and acceleration by regularization are much smaller by a maximum factor of 1.57 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 8662.53 times in the angular acceleration in the case of high-rate GNSS, and by a maximum factor of 1.26 in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 2819.85 times in the angular acceleration in the case of IMU, respectively; and (iii) the IMU attitudes apparently lead to better regularized angular velocity and acceleration waveforms than the high-rate GNSS attitudes, which can well be explained by the fact that the former is of better accuracy than the latter. As a result, to suppress the significant amplification of noise in GNSS attitudes, larger regularization parameters have to be chosen for the high-rate GNSS attitudes, resulting in smaller peak angular accelerations by a maximum factor of 37.55 percent in the angular velocity to a maximum factor of 6.20 times in the angular acceleration in comparison of the corresponding IMU results. Nevertheless, the regularized angular acceleration waveforms for both GNSS and IMU look more or less similar in pattern or waveform shape.
TrichomeLess Regulator 3 is required for trichome initial and cuticle biosynthesis in Artemisia annua
Authors: Dong Boran , Xu Zihan , Wang Xingxing , Li JinXing , Xiao Ying , Huang Doudou , Lv Zongyou , Chen Wansheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArtemisinin is primarily synthesized and stored in the subepidermal space of the glandular trichomes of Artemisia annua. The augmentation of trichome density has been demonstrated to enhance artemisinin yield. However, existing literature lacks insights into the correlation between the stratum corneum and trichomes. This study aims to unravel the involvement of TrichomeLess Regulator 3 (TLR3), which encodes the transcription factor, in artemisinin biosynthesis and its potential association with the stratum corneum. TLR3 was identified as a candidate gene through transcriptome analysis. The role of TLR3 in trichome development and morphology was investigated using yeast two-hybrid, pull-down analysis, and RNA electrophoresis mobility assay. Our research revealed that TLR3 negatively regulates trichome development. It modulates the morphology of Arabidopsis thaliana trichomes by inhibiting branching and inducing the formation of abnormal trichomes in Artemisia annua. Overexpression of the TLR3 gene disrupts the arrangement of the stratum corneum and reduces artemisinin content. Simultaneously, TLR3 possesses the capacity to regulate stratum corneum development and trichome follicle morphology by interacting with TRICHOME AND ARTEMISININ REGULATOR 1, and CycTL. Consequently, our findings underscore the pivotal role of TLR3 in the development of glandular trichomes and stratum corneum biosynthesis, thereby influencing the morphology of Artemisia annua trichomes.
All My Friends Are Trans (or Will Be Soon)
Authors: Bey Marquis 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This essay makes the case that the author's friends, all of them, are or are becoming trans. Not in a way that indexes a medico-juridical demographic, but in the sense that trans as a mode of living is the grounds on which the author forges relationality. Thus it is no surprise that time and again, friends the author has long had keep consistently shifting their identifications, moving more radically in unrelation to gender, becoming, in a word, trans.
White Supremacist Submission
Authors: Foster Travis M. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractScholars tend to envision the sexual politics of settler colonialism and slavery through masculinist conceptions in which penetration designates mastery and receptiveness subjugation. This article asks instead how white desires for sexual submission to nonwhite men operate within white supremacy. It augments white trans and queer studies' conceptualizations of bottoming with theories of white submission found in Black thought, particularly Frantz Fanon and James Baldwin. And it argues that both sets of ideas find themselves anticipated in the mid-nineteenth-century writings of the white, gender-variant author Theodore Winthrop—particularly their most popular novel, Cecil Dreeme (1861). For Winthrop, bottoming desires occasion two modes of self-expression. First, they facilitate transfeminine embodiment, staging an experience of womanliness predicated on the racist contrast between their own white body and that of nonwhite men they see as exceptionally virile. Second, they allow Winthrop to imagine ways of being other than the self-possession and corporeal autonomy of white subjectivity. In both instances, Winthrop's fantasies rely on the plasticity of the white body under the influence of nonwhite men, even as they underscore the biopolitical unidirectionality of plasticity, tracing patterns in which Black, brown, and Indigenous men exert influence on whites while remaining fundamentally incapable of transformation. This history of racialized access to malleability provides a cautionary tale about the incorporative nature of whiteness and how contemporary politics of self-determination might unwittingly replicate white supremacist logics.
Girl Talk and Hold Music
Authors: Sansonetti Annie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this article, the author visits filmmaker Wu Tsang's 2015 short film Girl Talk at the New Museum in New York. The film's documentation of a dance, the author's fieldwork in the museum, and Tsang's cinematography evidence how feminine boyhood and trans girlhood are better supported in the music, conversation, and dance of what the author calls “girlfriend performance.” Against the violence of adult-authored accounts of trans feminine childhood, this article argues that children's friends should tell the story of trans feminine childhood instead. The author examines Tsang's film for its depiction of friendship in queer and trans feminine childhood and develops a transfeminist educational theatre exercise inspired by its repertoire of conviviality—of “girl talk and hold music”—for applied theatre artists, drama educators, and art therapists working with queer and trans youth, specifically feminine boys and transgender girls, and their friends.
Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS): Modification & development of protocol for administration in Urdu
Authors: Butt Ghazal Awais , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To conduct pretesting of Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS) for scale modification and development of protocol for administration on children.
Methods: This exploratory research was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022 in Lahore, Pakistan. Objective was achieved by pretesting in three steps including literature review, expert review and pilot testing on infants, toddlers and children aged 0-6 years utilizing purposive sampling technique. For expert review five experts’ speech language pathologists with minimum five years of experience and for pilot study 48 normal developing children age range birth to six years were recruited. The analysis was done using content validity ratio, content validity index and Cronbach alpha. Protocol for administration of test items and stimulus with minimum three correct responses among four children’s responses were finalized.
Results: Of the 59 items, 57 with CVR = 0.99 were retained. Item number 3 (age 6-11 months) and item 5 (age 3.6-3.11 years) were eliminated as CVR was <0.99. CVI was one for retained items indicating acceptable validity. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.95 indicating high level of internal consistency for the scale. Task groups of protocol of administration directions included: Selection of scale items, testing environment, seating arrangements, rapport building and involving the caregiver, handling the scale material and scoring the task responses.
Conclusion: The modified 57 items has high validity and internal consistency with suitable protocol of administration. It is linguistically appropriate for the application on larger scale with children of different cultural backgrounds in Pakistan.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.7471
How to cite this: Butt GA, Mumtaz N, Saqulain G. Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS): Modification & development of protocol for administration in Urdu. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.7471
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis initially mimicking peripheral neuropathy in an elderly woman
Authors: He Xiaojie , Wang Yaqing , Li Xiaodong 
Published: March 2024

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV) is a rare systemic immunological condition that predominantly impacts small arteries, veins, and capillaries, often leading to kidney damage and pulmonary injury. It is important to note that individuals primarily presenting with peripheral neuropathy (PN) are uncommon in AASV, which can result in significant misdiagnosis or undiagnosed cases. The severity and location of PN can vary among patients. In this article, we present a case of an AASV patient initially showing signs of PN. This case highlights the significance of considering AASV as a potential cause of unexplained neurological symptoms. Timely identification and proper treatment are essential for improving the survival rate and functional prognosis of AASV patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9070
How to cite this: He X, Wang Y, Li X. ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis initially mimicking peripheral neuropathy in an elderly woman. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.5.9070
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Designing Sparse Graphs for Stochastic Matching with an Application to Middle-Mile Transportation Management
Authors: Feng Yifan , Caldentey René , Xin Linwei , Zhong Yuan , Wang Bing , Hu Haoyuan 
Published: March 2024

Given an input graph [Formula: see text], we consider the problem of designing a sparse subgraph [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] that supports a large matching after some nodes in V are randomly deleted. We study four families of sparse graph designs (namely, clusters, rings, chains, and Erdős–Rényi graphs) and show both theoretically and numerically that their performance is close to the optimal one achieved by a complete graph. Our interest in the stochastic sparse graph design problem is primarily motivated by a collaboration with a leading e-commerce retailer in the context of its middle-mile delivery operations. We test our theoretical results using real data from our industry partner and conclude that adding a little flexibility to the routing network can significantly reduce transportation costs. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, optimization. Funding: This work was supported by the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, an Alibaba Cainiao Research Grant, and the Singapore Ministry of Education [NUS Startup Grant WBS A-0003856-00-00]. Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01588 .
UMA PROPOSTA DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA SOBRE SEMICONDUTORES BASEADA NOS MOMENTOS PEDAGÓGICOS DE ANGOTTI E DELIZOICOV
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Diego , Silva de Souza Regina Célia , Castanheira da Silva Marcelo 
Published: March 2024

Com o intuito de inserir discussões sobre tópicos de Física Moderna e Contemporânea no terceiro ano do ensino médio, o trabalho que se descortinará à frente é uma sequência didática de dois encontros sobre semicondutores alicerçada na metodologia dos Três Momentos Pedagógicos de Delizoicov e Angotti (1990): problematização inicial, organização do conhecimento e aplicação do conhecimento. O momento de problematização inicial está ancorado no cenário da troca de lâmpadas convencionais por lâmpadas de diodo emissor de luz (LED) em espaços públicos de uma cidade brasileira, tendo em conta o impacto da diminuição do consumo de energia elétrica, algo que proporciona questões norteadoras que tocam as características, o modelo da física que ajuda a explicar o comportamento, os tipos possíveis e outras aplicações tecnológicas dos materiais semicondutores. No momento de organização do conhecimento, abordamos os seguintes conteúdos para tratar a situação-problema e responder a questionamentos propostos inicialmente: a classificação dos materiais sólidos quanto à condutividade, a história e as características básicas dos materiais semicondutores, o modelo de estrutura de bandas de energia, os semicondutores intrínsecos, extrínsecos dos tipos e e a junção PN, o comportamento fotoemissivo dos semicondutores e aplicações tecnológicas dos materiais semicondutores. No derradeiro momento da aula, o de aplicação do conhecimento, propomos uma discussão embasada cientificamente, em forma de revisão do conteúdo, dos questionamentos tomados como problematização inicial e a resolução de uma lista de exercícios de fixação.
High-speed GaN-based laser diode with modulation bandwidth exceeding 5  GHz for 20  Gbps visible light communication
Authors: Wang Junfei , Hu Junhui , Guan Chaowen , Hou Yuqi , Xu Zengyi , Sun Leihao , Wang Yue , Zhou Yuning , Ooi Boon S. , Shi Jianyang , Li Ziwei , Zhang Junwen , Chi Nan , Yu Shaohua , Shen Chao 
Published: March 2024

Visible light communication (VLC) based on laser diodes demonstrates great potential for high data rate maritime, terrestrial, and aerial wireless data links. Here, we design and fabricate high-speed blue laser diodes (LDs) grown on c-plane gallium nitride (GaN) substrate. This was achieved through active region design and miniaturization toward a narrow ridge waveguide, short cavity length, and single longitudinal mode Fabry–Perot laser diode. The fabricated mini-LD has a low threshold current of 31 mA and slope efficiency of 1.02 W/A. A record modulation bandwidth of 5.9 GHz (−3  dB) was measured from the mini-LD. Using the developed mini-LD as a transmitter, the VLC link exhibits a high data transmission rate of 20.06 Gbps adopting the bit and power loading discrete multitone (DMT) modulation technique. The corresponding bit error rate is 0.003, satisfying the forward error correction standard. The demonstrated GaN-based mini-LD has significantly enhanced data transmission rates, paving the path for energy-efficient VLC systems and integrated photonics in the visible regime.