bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer‐assisted image analysis of amyloid deposits in abdominal fat pad aspiration biopsies
Authors: Bardarov Svetoslav , Michael Claire W. , Pu Robert T. , Pang Yijun 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAmyloidosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases with a common outcome: deposition of insoluble protein in the visceral organs and tissues. Primary amyloidosis is a consequence of different plasma cell disorders, and it is the most common form of amyloidosis in the United States with an estimated 2,000 new cases annually. Other forms of amyloidosis include chronic inflammatory processes, familial type of amyloidosis, and localized forms like Alzheimer's disease.The diagnosis of amyloidosis is based on the clinical picture and demonstration of amyloid deposit in tissues with Congo‐red stain. In our article, we describe a simple methodology for image analysis of fat pad biopsies for amyloidosis using a commercially available software Adobe Photoshop CS3© Extended Edition. The principle is based on calculation of the mean gray value of each blue and green channel and comparison of their ratios. As a negative control, we have used samples from heart, scar tissue, and skin with their representative control. Fibrous tissue often gives a white:blue to blue:green birefringence, which often is confused with the apple: green birefringence of the amyloid stain; however, we were successful in discriminating these colors using the methodology described in this article. We also analyzed 22 patients with at least 2 years follow‐up in our institution. The specificity and the sensitivity of the computer‐assisted image analysis were calculated to be 75% and 100%, respectively. These results are in agreement with the published papers (references here); however, caution should be exercised before drawing firm conclusions because of the small sample size presented here. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma in a lymph node involved with small lymphocytic lymphoma: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: McElroy Clinton , Velilla Rowena , Chaudhary Humera , Al‐Abbadi Mousa A. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDiagnosis of two distinct malignant entities existing concurrently and at the same location (synchronous malignancy) by fine‐ needle aspiration (FNA) is unusual but may occur. Small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (SLL/CLL) in particular is associated with an increased incidence of secondary tumor, likely due to associated immunodeficiency. Co‐occurrence of some carcinomas such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), may show especially aggressive behavior. A 57‐year‐old Caucasian male presented with recurrent upper extremity lymphedema and diffuse lymphadenopathy of the axillary and cervical regions. FNA of a large cervical lymph node was diagnostic for both atypical lymphocytic proliferation and SCC. Flow cytometric analysis showed the atypical lymphocytic proliferation to be positive for CD5, CD23, CD19, CD20, HLA‐DR, CD38, and the population was kappa light chain restricted. These cells were negative for CD‐10 and FMC‐7 antigens, suggesting a phenotype of B‐cell SLL/CLL. We report a rare occurrence of metastatic SCC to a lymph node infiltrated by SLL/CLL. The diagnosis was achieved by a combination of cytomorphologic examination of FNA smears, immunohistochemical staining of cell block material, and flow cytometry on the sample obtained by FNA. To the best of our knowledge, only three cases of SCC metastasis to SLL/CLL diagnosed by FNA have been reported in the English literature. Though rare, awareness of such a possibility and careful cytological examination under the appropriate clinical conditions is warranted. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐grade urothelial carcinoma: Comparison of SurePath liquid‐based processing with cytospin processing
Authors: Lu David Y. , Nassar Aziza , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThere is limited literature available comparing SurePath (SP) with conventional cytospins (CS) for urine cytology specimens, especially urothelial carcinoma. In this study, urinary tract cytology cases of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma were assessed on SP and CS slides. Also, the morphologic differences of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma between SP and CS were evaluated on a total of 35 cases of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma. SP showed that the tumor cells tend to present as three‐dimensional groups and have a smaller cell size than CS. In terms of nuclear features, SP and CS were found to be comparable in morphologic assessment of the tumor cells, with CS providing a slightly better visualization. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
One‐Electron Oxidation and Sensitivity of Uric Acid in On‐Line Electrochemistry and in Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Mautjana Nare Alpheus , Estes Joshua , Eyler John R. , Brajter‐Toth Anna 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe sensitivity of detection of uric acid (H2U) in positive ion mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS) was enhanced by uric acid oxidation during electrospray ionization. With a carrier solution of pH 6.3>pKa1=5.4 of H2U, protonated unoxidized uric acid [H2U+H]+ (m/z 169) was detected together with the protonated uric acid dimer [2H2U+H]+ (m/z 337). The dimer likely forms by 1e− oxidation of urate (HU−) followed by rapid radical dimerization. A covalent structure of the dimer was verified by H/D exchange experiments. Efficiency of 2e−, 2H+ oxidation of uric acid is low during ESI in pH 6.3 carrier solution and improves when a low on‐line electrochemical cell voltage is floated on the high voltage of the ES in on‐line electrochemistry ESI MS (EC/ESI MS). The intensity of the uric acid dimer decreases with an increase in the low applied voltage. In a carrier solution with 0.1 M KOH, pH 12.7>pKa2=9.8 of H2U, allantoin (Allnt) (MW 158.04), the final 2e−, 2H+ oxidation product of uric acid, was detected as a potassium complex [K(Allnt)+K]+ (m/z 235) and the [2H2U+H]+ dimer was not detected. In direct ESI MS analysis of 1000‐fold diluted urine [NaHU+H]+ (pKsp NaHU=4.6) was detected in 40/60 (vol%) water/methanol, 1 mM NH4Ac, pH ca. 6.3 carrier solution. A new configuration of the ESI MS instrument with a cone‐shaped capillary inlet significantly enhanced sensitivity in ESI and EC/ESI MS measurements of uric acid.
An Electrochemical Immunosensor for C‐Reactive Protein Based on Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotube‐Modified Electrodes
Authors: Buch Michal , Rishpon Judith 
Published: October 2008

AbstractC‐reactive protein (CRP) is a nonspecific biomarker of inflammation and infection that can be used as a predictive risk marker of cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic individuals or as a prognostic marker of recurrent ischemia and death among patients with coronary heart disease or stroke. We developed a sensitive, disposable, and easy to operate sensor based on heterogeneous sandwich immunoassay for high sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) measurement. We used screen‐printed electrodes modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and protein A to ensure the oriented immobilization of anti‐CRP antibodies. CRP was quantitatively measured down to a concentration of 0.5 ng mL−1, enabling high dilution of the samples before measurement and consequently reducing interferences present in the serum. The sensor developed is suitable for point of care detection of hs‐CRP at clinically relevant concentrations for the diagnosis of both conventional and low‐grade inflammations.
Influence of the Chain Length of Alkanethiols in Self‐Assembled Submonolayers on the Electrochemical Response of Aromatic Amine Mixtures
Authors: Carrillo Idania , Quintana Ma Carmen , Esteva Ana Margarita , Hernández Lucas , Hernández Pedro 
Published: October 2008

AbstractAlkanethiols, such as di‐n‐octadecyldisulfide, octanethiol, and ethanethiol, have been employed for self‐assembled monolayers on a gold electrode to study the influence of their chain length on the electrochemical response of aniline and 4‐aminobiphenyl. The responses of individual solutions and mixtures of both compounds show that the organization of the submonolayer built can improve the selectivity in the electrochemical analysis of those aromatic amines. The use of C8 10−2 M allows the analysis of 4‐aminobiphenyl avoiding the aniline response. A better resolution for the analysis of those amine mixtures was obtained if a C18 10−6 M modified gold electrode was used instead of an unmodified one.
Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Analogues of Lincomycin
Authors: Collin Marie‐Pierre , Hobbie Sven N. , Böttger Erik C. , Vasella Andrea 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn search for new antibiotics we replaced the amide moiety of lincomycin 1 by a 1,2,3‐triazole ring. The 1,2,3‐triazoles 10a–10k were obtained as single regioisomers by ‘click reaction’ of azide 5 with the alkyne 9k, derived from propyl hygric acid, and the alkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl alkynes ribosomes 9a–9j. The new analogues proved inactive towards wild‐type and A2058G mutant.
New Antioxidant Phenolic Glucosides from Viburnum dilatatum
Authors: Wu Bin , Wu Saiwei , Qu Haibin , Cheng Yiyu 
Published: October 2008

AbstractChemical investigation of the fruits of Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. resulted in the isolation and characterization of four new phenolic glycosides, jiamiziosides A–D (1–4), together with five known compounds. Their structures were established by spectroscopic means and by comparison with the literature values. The antioxidant activities of the new isolates were determined against 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (=2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)hydrazinyl; DPPH) and superoxide radicals. Among the compounds tested, jiamizioside C (3) possesses the most potent inhibitory scavenging effect on DPPH and superoxide radicals with IC50 values of 16.8 and 17.8 μM, respectively.
New Acyclic 12‐Hydroxygeranylgeraniol‐Derived Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Carpesium triste
Authors: Gao Xue , Zhang Zhan‐Xin , Jia Zhong‐Jian 
Published: October 2008

AbstractFive new acyclic 12‐hydroxygeranylgeraniol‐derived diterpenoids, i.e., 1–5, were isolated from the seeds of Carpesium triste. The structures including the absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. All the compounds, except for 2, were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against cultured SMMC‐7721 (human hepatoma), HL‐60 (human promyelocytic leukemia), and L02 (human hepatocyte) cells.
Cultivation of flax in spoil‐bank clay: Mycorrhizal inoculation vs. high organic amendments
Authors: Püschel David , Rydlová Jana , Sudová Radka , Gryndler Milan 
Published: October 2008

AbstractA greenhouse experiment was focused on the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in effective crop production during reclamation of coal‐mine spoil banks. The aim of the study was to find out whether mycorrhizal inoculation improves growth of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and whether it can compensate for high doses of expensive organic amendment. Flax was planted in original spoil‐bank gray Miocene clay amended with organic matter used for spoil‐bank reclamation (mixture of composted urban waste and lignocellulose papermill waste). This amendment was applied in four descending doses equivalent to the application of 500, 200, 100, and 0 t ha–1. The plants received either a mixed inoculum of three AMF species (Glomus mosseae, G. claroideum, and G. intraradices) or were left uninoculated. Growth of flax was significantly increased by mycorrhizal inoculation in pure clay (by 60%) as well as in clay with all amendment doses (by 119% on average). Also, the addition of organic matter increased plant growth but, interestingly, the biomass production was comparable regardless the dose of amendment. Our results suggest that similar yields are attainable with only one fifth of the usual fertilization dose, which can significantly decrease costs related to the reclamation of spoil banks. If mycorrhizal inoculation is applied together with the optimized fertilization, growth of flax planted in spoil‐bank clay can be further improved.
Raman spectroscopy at the beginning of the twenty‐first century II
Authors: Deckert V. , George M. W. , Umapathy S. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis special issue of Journal of Raman Spectroscopy is published in honour of Professor Hiro‐o Hamaguchi on the occasion of his 60th birthday. The papers have been contributed by his colleagues who have had and continue to have the privilege of working with or alongside him. They highlight some of the areas in which Hiro‐o has made significant contributions to vibrational spectroscopy, including time‐resolved spectroscopy, instrument and technique development, microscopy and the application of Raman spectroscopy to probe biological systems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of graphitic carbon black and primary secondary amine for determination of 17 organophosphorus pesticide residues in spinach
Authors: Li Li , Li Wei , Ge Jing , Wu Yijun , Jiang Shuren , Liu Fengmao 
Published: October 2008

AbstractGraphitized carbon black (GCB) and primary secondary amine (PSA) as dispersive‐SPE sorbents were applied to optimize the method for the determination of 17 organophosphorus pesticides in spinach which contained so many pigments using GC with flame photometric detector (FPD). The sample was extracted with ACN, and an aliquot of the extract was concentrated to near dryness. Ethyl acetate or acetone was chosen as the dissolving solvent. Subsequently, dispersive‐SPE was used for cleanup, and the type and quantity of sorbents (GCB, PSA and activated carbon) were tested in the experiments. The best results were when acetone was used to dissolve and 30 mg each of GCB and PSA for cleanup. In this condition, recoveries of pesticides analyzed were between 52–117% with RSD below 10%, and LOQ ranged from 10 to 20 μg/kg. This method was simple, effective and efficient, and can protect the GC system to some extent.
Application of Monte Carlo simulation method to polymerization kinetics over Ziegler–Natta catalysts
Authors: Salami‐Kalajahi Mehdi , Najafi Mohammad , Haddadi‐Asl Vahid 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn the current work, the Monte Carlo simulation method was applied to ethylene polymerization over Ziegler–Natta catalysts. As expected, polymerization over each center of a Ziegler–Natta catalyst leads to a polymer having a Schultz–Flory molecular weight distribution. Notwithstanding, the total molecular weight distribution obtained by all catalyst centers together is at least twice as broad as that of each center. As another interesting finding, the introduction of hydrogen to the reaction deactivates the catalyst active centers and thereby reduces the catalyst activity. Nevertheless, it does not mainly affect the polymerization kinetics. In addition, the polymer molecular weight falls as hydrogen is added to the reaction since it acts as a strong transfer agent. The same effect is seen when cocatalyst concentration increases. Hydrogen also widens the polymer molecular weight distribution. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 41: 45–56, 2009
Profile nach Maß
Authors: Meyer Gregor , Winkel Gerlinde 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIm Stahl‐, Fassaden‐, Anlagenbau sowie im maritimen Bereich besteht ein ständig steigender Bedarf an maßgeschneiderten geschweißten Profilen. Das Laserstrahlschweißen ist ein etabliertes Verfahren zur Fertigung von maßgeschneiderten Profilen aus austenitischen CrNi‐Stählen. Für die Fertigung von Standard‐ und Sonderprofilen aus Baustählen größerer Blechdicken wird häufig das Laser‐MSG‐Hybridschweißen angewendet.
Schweiß‐ und Lötnähte automatisch überwacht
Authors: Müller‐Borhanian Jürgen , Halschka Martin 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDie heutigen Produktionsprozesse erfordern zunehmend eine automatisierte Prozess‐ bzw. Qualitätsüberwachung ‐ mit Sicherheit gehört sie zukünftig zur Standard‐Ausstattung jeder industriellen Laserapplikation. Da die stetige Prozessanalyse Fehlschweißungen vermeidet, sinkt die Ausschussrate und die Qualität der ausgelieferten Produkte erhöht sich messbar. Die Investitionen wirken sich daher mittel‐ und langfristig Kosten senkend aus.
Maximal zulässige Bestrahlung durch Laserlicht
Authors: Foth Hans‐Jochen 
Published: October 2008

AbstractDass ein Laser ein gefährliches Gerät ist, wurde sehr kurz nach seiner Entdeckung bereits im Kino demonstriert. Der erste Laser war bekanntlich 1960 der Rubinlaser von Th. Maiman. Es war ein gepulstes System mit sehr niedrigen Emissionswerten. Auch die in den nächsten Jahren entwickelten Systeme waren nicht sehr kraftvoll. Erst 1963 gelang mit dem He‐Ne‐Laser der erste kontinuierliche Laser mit Leistungen nahe einem mW. Dennoch wurde 1963 in dem James Bond Film „Goldfinger”︁ ein leistungsstarkes Gerät eingesetzt, mit dem Goldplatten zu scheiden waren und beinahe auch Körperteile der 007‐Agenten.
Über Kunden, Konkurrenten und Karrieren
Authors: Leibinger Peter 
Published: October 2008

AbstractTrumpf gehört zu den weltweit größten Anbietern von Werkzeugmaschinen und zählt zu den führenden Firmen in der Fertigungs‐ und Medizintechnik sowie der Elektronik. Im Bereich industrieller Laser und Lasersysteme ist Trumpf Weltmarkt und Technologieführer. Peter Leibinger, stellvertretender Vorsitzender der Geschäftsführung der Trumpf GmbH + Co. KG, spricht im Laser Technik Journal über alte Kunden, neue Technologien, zukünftige Chancen und über fehlende Frauen in Entwicklungsabteilungen.
How to score alternatives when criteria are scored on an ordinal scale
Authors: Grabisch Michel 
Published: October 2008

AbstractWe address in this paper the problem of scoring alternatives when they are evaluated with respect to several criteria on a finite ordinal scale E. We show that in general, the ordinal scale E has to be refined or shrunk in order to be able to represent the preference of the decision maker by an aggregation operator belonging to the family of mean operators. This paper recalls previous theoretical results of the author giving necessary and sufficient conditions for a representation of preferences, and then focuses on describing practical algorithms and examples. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficiency in complementary partnerships with competition
Authors: Sand Jan Y. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to show how efficiency can be implemented in a market with strictly complementary inputs when the productive firms undertake unobservable effort. The observable output is a joint undertaking by a partnership consisting of two types of firms. It is shown that simple linear sharing rules cannot implement socially optimal effort, but a modified linear sharing rule can implement the first‐best outcome provided that commitment to the proposed sharing rule is possible. This is so even when the sharing rule is proposed by one of the active partners. When opening up for the possibility of renegotiating sharing contracts that have undesirable properties for one or more of the firms, it becomes more difficult to implement socially efficient solutions. Implementation of the socially efficient outcome requires that the sharing rule is proposed by an outsider to the partnership. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling task‐based information seeking on the web: Application of information seeking strategy schema
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to understand how task influences information seeking behavior in the digital information environment of the World Wide Web. To present a conceptual model of task‐based information seeking on the Web, an information seeking strategy schema was developed. This schema is based on several behavioral dimensions. The analysis of strategies is based on data collected through an experiment designed to observe users' behaviors. Three tasks were assigned to thirty graduate students. Data were collected by combining search logs and post‐search interviews. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data identified fourteen distinct information seeking strategies. The analysis showed significant differences in the frequencies and patterns of information seeking strategies employed between three tasks. The results of the study were discussed to understand task‐based information seeking behavior on the Web.
Mapping the intellectual impact of library and information science research through citations: A tale of two databases – Scopus and Web of Science
Authors: Meho Lokman I. , Sugimoto Cassidy R. 
Published: October 2008

AbstractThis study uses citations to a group of 42 LIS faculty members to examine the differences between Scopus and WoS in mapping the faculties' intellectual impact, focusing on the sources of their citations by universities, journals, and countries. The study also examines the effects of adding Scopus data on results obtained from WoS. Findings show that while Scopus does not significantly influence the rankings of the top citing journals, institutions, or countries, the database is necessary to use in addition to WoS in order to accurately map the intellectual impact of the faculty members examined and identify more correctly the extent of their research influence on the wider scientific community.
The effect of clay dispersion on the properties of LLDPE/LLDPE‐g‐MAH/montmorillonite nanocomposites
Authors: Stoeffler Karen , Lafleur Pierre G. , Denault Johanne 
Published: October 2008

AbstractIn this work, three coupling agents presenting different grafting contents and molecular weights were used to prepare linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/linear low density polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (LLDPE‐g‐MAH)/montmorillonite nanocomposites with various morphologies. The clay dispersion was analyzed at the micrometric level by scanning electron microscopy and at the nanometric level by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that coupling agents having intermediate molecular weights led to the highest exfoliation extents, whereas the coupling agent presenting the highest molecular weight led to a poor delamination of the clay platelets. The properties of the nanocomposites produced and of their LLDPE/LLDPE‐g‐MAH reference blends were analyzed. It was shown that the best improvements in mechanical and barrier properties are not necessarily achieved for the nanocomposites, exhibiting the highest exfoliation extents. The length of the tactoids also plays a crucial role on the macroscopic properties. In addition, a high level of delamination could result in a loss of reinforcement effect, due to the inherent flexibility of the individual clay platelets. Finally, the strength of the clay/polymer interface, which was evaluated through surface tension measurements, seems to play a significant role on the properties of the nanocomposites. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.