bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure development and viscoelastic properties in silane‐crosslinked ethylene–octene copolymer
Authors: Kamphunthong Walailuck , Sirisinha Kalyanee 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe development of structure and viscoelastic properties during silane crosslink reaction in metallocene ethylene–octene copolymer has been investigated. Using attenuated and transmission infrared spectroscopy, the concentrations of certain functional groups and change in sample thickness were monitored, giving the information on the progress of crosslink reaction. The evolution of crosslink content and viscoelastic properties was analyzed using a parallel‐plate rheometer. The results showed that crosslinking process started with the hydrolyzation of methoxy groups in the near‐surface layer, proceeding in a diffusion manner. At this stage no silanol groups could be detected, revealing that the condensation occurred promptly after hydrolyzation. The internal crosslink could not begin until there are sufficient water molecules in the surrounding. A water by‐product from the condensation reaction played an essential part in the center region. The rheological data showed a reduction in magnitude of creep compliance. As the reaction proceeded, more networks took place within an existing gel. The materials, then, acted more like elastic and exhibited an improvement in ability for recovery process. The immobilization of chain segments, due to the presence of tight network, disallowed conformations necessary for crosslink reaction and a certain amount of hydrolyzable groups and silanol groups remained after a long crosslinking process. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Structure and adhesion properties of acrylic acid grafted high‐density polyethylene powders synthesized by a novel photografting method
Authors: Cao Zheng , Lei Jingxin , Zhang Wenbing 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA novel photografting, nonvapor, and nonliquid phase living graft polymerization was developed to functionalize high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) powder. The structure and adhesion properties of HDPE powder grafted with acrylic acid (AA) were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, peel strength, and graft degree measurements. The result shows that HDPE powder can be grafted with AA via the method with a short reaction time and a high monomer conversion. The graft degree increases with the reaction time. Then, the hydrophilicity of the grafted HDPE powder increases also. The peel strength of HPDE/steel joint improved significantly when acrylic acid grafted HPDE powder was used as hot melt adhesive in place of ungrafted HDPE powder. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Gas permeability of fluorinated hyperbranched polyimide
Authors: Gao Hong , Wang Dong , Jiang Wei , Guan Shaowei , Jiang Zhenhua 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe gas permeability of carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen for hyperbranched polyimide (HBPI) containing trifluoromethyl groups were investigated. The HBPIs were prepared by condensation polymerization of a triamine monomer, 1,3,5‐tris(2‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐aminophenoxy) benzene (TFAPOB) and a commercially available dianhydride monomer 1,4‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenoxy) benzene dianhydride (HQDPA). With different monomer addition methods and different monomer molar ratios, amine terminated HBPI (AM‐HQDPA) and anhydride terminated HBPI (AD‐HQDPA) were obtained, subsequently, the trifluoromethylphenyl amine terminated HBPI (CF3‐HQDPA) was achieved by modifying the end groups of AD‐HQDPA with (3,5‐ditrifluoromethyl)aniline. The CF3‐HQDPA exhibited a good mechanical and thermal stability as well as AM‐HQDPA, and showed better gas permeabilities than that of AM‐HQDPA because of increase of free volume contributed by the bulky trifluoromethyl group introduced, but, the selectivity ofCF3‐HQDPA was lower than that of AM‐HQDPA. This result was consistent with the trade‐off relationship. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
ROCK1 Expression is Regulated by TGFβ3 and ALK2 During Valvuloseptal Endocardial Cushion Formation
Authors: Sakabe Masahide , Sakata Hirokazu , Matsui Hiroko , Ikeda Kazuo , Yamagishi Toshiyuki , Nakajima Yuji 
Published: May 2008

AbstractDuring early heart development at the looped heart stage, endothelial cells in the outflow tract and atrioventricular (AV) regions transform into mesenchyme to generate endocardial cushion tissue. This endocardial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regulated by several regulatory pathways, including the transforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and Rho‐ROCK pathways. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression pattern of ROCK1 mRNA during EMT in chick and examined whether TGFβ or BMP could induce the expression of ROCK1. At the onset of EMT, ROCK1 expression was up‐regulated in endothelial/mesenchymal cells. A three‐dimensional collagen gel assay was used to examine the mechanisms regulating the expression of ROCK1. In AV endocardium co‐cultured with associated myocardium, ROCK1 expression was inhibited by either anti‐TGFβ3 antibody, anti‐ALK2 antibody or noggin, but not SB431542 (ALK5 inhibitor). In cultured preactivated AV endocardium, TGFβ3 protein induced the expression of ROCK1, but BMP did not. AV endothelial cells that were cultured in medium supplemented with TGFβ3 plus anti‐ALK2 antibody failed to express ROCK1. These results suggest that the expression of ROCK1 is up‐regulated at the onset of EMT and that signaling mediated by TGFβ3/ALK2 together with BMP is involved in the expression of ROCK1. Anat Rec, 291:845‐857, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Central Projections of Trigeminal Afferents Innervating the Face in Naked Mole‐Rats (Heterocephalus glaber)
Authors: Henry Erin C. , Sarko Diana K. , Catania Kenneth C. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this study, we examined the topography of projections from facial afferents to the trigeminal brainstem nuclear complex (TBNC) in naked mole‐rats using the neuronal tracer CTB‐HRP. Tracer injections were made in a ventral to dorsal sequence that included the tooth pulp and dental ligament, ventral buccal pad, vibrissae, and the forehead. Labeled terminals were identified throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the TBNC, including the principal nucleus (Pr5), pars oralis (Sp5O), pars interpolaris (Sp5I), and pars caudalis (Sp5C) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Injections that labeled afferents from the tooth pulp and dental ligament resulted in heavy transport to dorsomedial portions of the TBNC, whereas injections made into progressively more dorsal regions of the face resulted in labeled terminals progressively more ventral and lateral in the nuclei. Injections that included dental afferents also labeled the mesencephalic nucleus of V, whereas injections into the skin of the face labeled cell bodies in the facial nucleus, and in most cases the motor nucleus of 5. Dental afferents in more rostral portions of the TBNC were coextensive with a cytochrome oxidase‐dense region visible in alternate sections processed for chemoarchitecture. Anat Rec, 291:988–998, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Erratum: On the numerical stability of two widely used PLS algorithms
Authors: Faber Nicolaas (Klaas) M. , Ferre Joan 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe above article (DOI: 10.1002/cem.1112) was published online on 14 February 2008. An error was subsequently identified: the captions for Figures 1 and 2 were omitted; they should read as follows:Figure 1. Orthogonality criterion (θA) for the octane data as a function of number of components (A) calculated using the standard PLS algorithm and SIMPLS.Figure 2. Orthogonality criterion (θA) for the wines data as a function of number of components (A) calculated using the standard PLS algorithm and SIMPLS.
A Family of Hydrogels Based on Ureido‐Linked Aminopolyol‐Derived Amphiphiles and Bolaamphiphiles: Synthesis, Gelation under Thermal and Sonochemical Stimuli, and Mesomorphic Characterization
Authors: Ávalos Martín , Babiano Reyes , Cintas Pedro , Gómez‐Carretero Antonio , Jiménez José L. , Lozano Marina , Ortiz Angel L. , Palacios Juan C. , Pinazo Aurora 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThis article describes the systematic preparation of a novel family of carbohydrate amphiphiles and bolaamphiphiles in which hydrophilic and hydrophobic units are connected via a ureido or bis(ureido) moiety. The sugar core is derived from aminopolyols such as D‐glucamine (1), N‐methyl‐D‐glucamine (2), or the sugar‐like species tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (3). The O‐unprotected derivatives behave as self‐organizing nonionic surfactants with good water gelation ability, which can be induced under thermal or ultrasound‐driven stimuli. In addition, some derivatives of 1 and 2, and rarely 3 also formed lyotropic liquid crystals with lamellar or hexagonal structures that exhibit low‐temperature transitions.
Role and prognostic significance of tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand death receptor DR5 in nonsmall‐cell lung cancer and precursor lesions
Authors: Cooper Wendy A. , Kohonen‐Corish Maija R.J. , Zhuang Liqing , McCaughan Brian , Kennedy Catherine , Screaton Gavin , Sutherland Robert L. , Lee C‐Soon 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.The tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) death receptor, DR5, mediates proapoptotic signals and is implicated in the pathogenesis of many neoplasms including nonsmall‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC).METHODS.In this study, immunohistochemical expression of DR5 was examined in 146 cases of stage I and II NSCLC as well as neoplastic precursor lesions and regional lymph node metastases using tissue microarrays.RESULTS.High DR5 expression was observed in 67.1% of primary NSCLC, 55.6% of bronchial squamous carcinoma in situ, 40% of squamous metaplasia, as well as 76.5% of lymph node metastases. In all of these lesions, DR5 expression was significantly higher than in normal bronchial epithelium. Increased expression of DR5 correlated with poorly differentiated tumors and was inversely correlated with bronchioloalveolar carcinomas. There was no correlation with other clinicopathologic variables. A significant association was found between high DR5 expression and reduced overall survival in univariate analysis. Among smokers, high DR5 and tumor stage were independent predictors of reduced disease‐free survival in multivariate analysis, however, DR5 was not an independent prognostic marker among the entire cohort of NSCLC.CONCLUSIONS.These findings suggest that DR5 plays a role in the development of early‐stage NSCLC and the high levels of DR5 expression suggest that these tumors may be susceptible to novel anticancer agents targeting the DR5 receptor and may improve patient survival, particularly for patients who are smokers. Cancer 2008. ©2008 American Cancer Society.
Genetic polymorphisms in the carbonyl reductase 3 gene CBR3 and the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 gene NQO1 in patients who developed anthracycline‐related congestive heart failure after childhood cancer
Authors: Blanco Javier G. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Gonzalez‐Covarrubias Vanessa M. , Kawashima Toana I. , Davies Stella M. , Relling Mary V. , Robison Leslie L. , Sklar Charles A. , Stovall Marilyn , Bhatia Smita 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Exposure to anthracyclines as part of cancer therapy has been associated with the development of congestive heart failure (CHF). The potential role of genetic risk factors in anthracycline‐related CHF remains to be defined. Thus, in this study, the authors examined whether common polymorphisms in candidate genes involved in the pharmacodynamics of anthracyclines (in particular, the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase 1 gene NQO1 and the carbonyl reductase 3 gene CBR3) had an impact on the risk of anthracycline‐related CHF.METHODS.A nested case–control study was conducted within a cohort of 1979 patients enrolled in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study who received treatment with anthracyclines and had available DNA. Thirty patients with CHF (cases) and 115 matched controls were genotyped for polymorphisms in NQO1 (NQO1*2) and CBR3 (the CBR3 valine [V] to methionine [M] substitution at position 244 [V244M]). Enzyme activity assays with recombinant CBR3 isoforms (CBR3 V244 and CBR3 M244) and the anthracycline substrate doxorubicin were used to investigate the functional impact of the CBR3 V244M polymorphism.RESULTS.Multivariate analyses adjusted for sex and primary disease recurrence were used to test for associations between the candidate genetic polymorphisms (NQO1*2 and CBR3 V244M) and the risk of CHF. Analyses indicated no association between the NQO1*2 polymorphism and the risk of anthracycline‐related CHF (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; P = .97). There was a trend toward an association between the CBR3 V244M polymorphism and the risk of CHF (OR, 8.16; P = .056 for G/G vs A/A; OR, 5.44; P = .092 for G/A vs A/A). In line, recombinant CBR3 V244 (G allele) synthesized 2.6‐fold more cardiotoxic doxorubicinol per unit of time than CBR3 M244 (A allele; CBR3 V244 [8.26 ± 3.57 nmol/hour.mg] vs CBR3 M244 [3.22 ± 0.67 nmol/hour.mg]; P = .01).CONCLUSIONS.The functional CBR3 V244M polymorphism may have an impact on the risk of anthracycline‐related CHF among childhood cancer survivors by modulating the intracardiac formation of cardiotoxic anthracycline alcohol metabolites. Larger confirmatory case–control studies are warranted. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Preoperative Wilms tumor rupture
Authors: Brisse Hervé J. , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Sarnacki Sabine , Helfre Sylvie , Philippe‐Chomette Pascale , Boccon‐Gibod Liliane , Peuchmaur Michel , Mosseri Véronique , Aigrain Yves , Neuenschwander Sylvia 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.According to current International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Wilms recommendations, all preoperative tumor ruptures should be classified as stage IIIc. However, to the authors' knowledge, the definition and diagnostic criteria of preoperative rupture have not been defined clearly.METHODS.The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 57 children with clinical and/or radiologic (computed tomography [CT]) signs of preoperative tumor rupture of a series of 250 patients enrolled in Wilms SIOP protocols at their institution.RESULTS.Clinical and radiologic signs of preoperative rupture were observed in 39 patients and 55 patients, respectively. The site of rupture on imaging was retroperitoneal only in 48 patients and both retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal in 7 patients. Surgery was performed after chemotherapy in 55 of 57 patients. Peritoneal disease recurrence occurred in 3 of 57 patients, including 2 patients with stage III tumors who had initial intraperitoneal rupture and 1 patient with a stage I tumor. Among the 48 patients who had radiologic signs of retroperitoneal‐only rupture, the final pathologic stage was stage III in 22 patients, stage II in 9 patients, and stage I in 17 patients, and no abdominal disease recurrence was observed, although only 23 of 48 patients received flank radiotherapy. The 5‐year local control rate was significantly higher in patients who had retroperitoneal‐only rupture compared with patients who had intraperitoneal rupture (100% vs 83.3%; standard error, ±15.2%; P = .0015).CONCLUSIONS.The use of CT scans significantly increased the number of patients who could be classified with “tumor rupture.” Intraperitoneal rupture was diagnosed accurately with CT and was associated with a significant risk of peritoneal disease recurrence. In contrast, patients who have radiologic signs of localized retroperitoneal‐only rupture at diagnosis most likely should not be upstaged, and their treatment may be determined according to pathologic stage only. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Expression of FOXP2 in the developing monkey forebrain: Comparison with the expression of the genes FOXP1, PBX3, and MEIS2
Authors: Takahashi Kaoru , Liu Fu‐Chin , Oishi Takao , Mori Takuma , Higo Noriyuki , Hayashi Motoharu , Hirokawa Katsuiku , Takahashi Hiroshi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBy using the developing monkey brain as a model for human development, we investigated the expression pattern of the FOXP2 gene, a member of the FOX family of transcription factors in the developing monkey brain, and compared its expression pattern with transcription factors PBX3, MEIS2, and FOXP1. We observed FOXP2 mRNA expression in several brain structures, including the striatum, the islands of Calleja and other basal forebrain regions, the cerebral cortex, and the thalamus. FOXP2 mRNA was preferentially expressed in striosomal compartments during striatal development. The striosomal expression was transient and developmentally down‐regulated in a topographical order. Specifically, during the perinatal state, striosomal FOXP2 expression was detected in both the caudate nucleus and the putamen, although expression was more prominent in the caudate nucleus than in the putamen. Striosomal FOXP2 expression declined during the postnatal period, first in the putamen and later in the caudate nucleus. During the same period, we also detected PBX3 mRNA in the striosomal compartment of the developing monkey striatum. FOXP2, as well as PBX3 and MEIS2, was expressed in the islands of Calleja and other cell clusters of the basal forebrain. FOXP2, in combination with PBX3 and MEIS2, may play a pivotal role in the development of striosomal neurons of the striatum and the islands of Calleja. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:180–189, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mast cell regulation of epithelial TSLP expression plays an important role in the development of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Miyata Masanori , Hatsushika Kyosuke , Ando Takashi , Shimokawa Naomi , Ohnuma Yuko , Katoh Ryohei , Suto Hajime , Ogawa Hideoki , Masuyama Keisuke , Nakao Atsuhito 
Published: May 2008

AbstractEpithelial cell‐derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a master switch for asthma or atopic dermatitis by inducing a dendritic cell‐mediated Th2‐type allergic inflammation. Allergic rhinitis is also pathologically characterized by Th2‐type allergic inflammation. This study demonstrates that mast cells regulate the epithelial TSLP expression in allergic rhinitis. TSLP expression was found to be up‐regulated predominantly in the nasal epithelium in the ovalbumin (OVA)‐sensitized and ‐nasally challenged mouse model of allergic rhinitis, which was abolished in mast cell‐deficient WBB6F1‐W/Wv in comparison with control WBB6F1‐+/+ mice. Similarly, the epithelial TSLP expression was reduced in Fc receptor γ chain (FcγR)‐deficient mice, where the high‐affinity IgE receptor (FcϵRI) is not expressed on mast cells, in comparison with control C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, the administration of neutralizing TSLP antibody during the challenge phase of OVA inhibited the development of allergic rhinitis. These results suggest that the direct stimulation of epithelial cells by antigens alone may not be sufficient to induce TSLP expression in the nasal epithelium, and that mast cell regulation of epithelial TSLP expression, possibly via FcϵRI, plays an important role in the development of allergic rhinitis.
N‐Ras or K‐Ras inhibition increases the number and enhances the function of Foxp3 regulatory T cells
Authors: Mor Adi , Keren Gad , Kloog Yoel , George Jacob 
Published: May 2008

AbstractNaturally occurring regulatory T cells (Treg) driven by their transcriptional controller Foxp3 are compromised in immune‐mediated disorders and confer protection when adoptively transferred. We examined the Ras‐inhibitory effect on functional determinants of Treg in vivo and in vitro. Ras was inhibited in Jurkat T cells by transfection with a dominant‐negative form of Ras, or by shRNA for N‐Ras, K‐Ras, and H‐Ras, or by farnesylthiosalycylic acid, a small‐molecule inhibitor. Except for H‐Ras transduction with shRNA, each inhibitory mode increased expression of Foxp3 and nuclear factor of activated T cell proteins, and surface expression of CD25. Ras inhibition in PBMC and spleen‐derived lymphocytes reproduced these findings. The heightened Foxp3 expression reflected both increased basal cellular protein and peripheral conversion of non‐Treg to Treg. Ras inhibition enhanced Treg‐induced suppression; thus, when adoptively transferred to mice, Ras‐inhibited Treg reduced the incidence of diabetes. Inhibition of Foxp3 by respective siRNA reversed the enhancement. Thus, inhibition of the N‐ or K‐Ras isoform triggers an anti‐inflammatory effect by up‐regulating, via Foxp3 elevation, the numbers and functional suppressive properties of Treg.
One‐Pot Generation of Lithium (Lithiophenyl)trialkoxyborates from Substituted Dihalobenzenes (Hal = Br, I) and Their Derivatization with Electrophiles
Authors: Kurach Paweł , Luliński Sergiusz , Serwatowski Janusz 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe simple one‐pot approach to synthetically useful phenyltrialkoxyborates bearing lithium at the phenyl ring has been developed starting with 1,3‐ and 1,4‐diiodobenzene, as well as several activated dibromobenzenes and bromoiodobenzenes. The general sequence of transformations involves halogen–lithium exchange by using nBuLi and subsequent boronation with a trialkylborate. The resulting lithium (halophenyl)trialkoxyborates were then subjected to halogen–lithium exchange in situ with a second equivalent of nBuLi to give dianionic lithium (lithiophenyl)trialkoxyborates. Treatment with selected electrophiles afforded substituted arylboronic acids and/or their pinacol esters as final products in moderate‐to‐good yields.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A controlled evaluation of monthly maintenance interpersonal psychotherapy in late‐life depression with varying levels of cognitive function
Authors: Carreira Kristen , Miller Mark D. , Frank Ellen , Houck Patricia R. , Morse Jennifer Q. , Dew Mary Amanda , Butters' Meryl A. , Reynolds Charles F. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of maintenance Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) on recurrence rates and time to recurrence of major depression in elderly patients with varying levels of cognitive function.Methods/DesignTwo‐year maintenance study of monthly maintenance IPT vs supportive clinical management (CM) in remitted depressed elderly who were participants in a previously reported placebo‐controlled study of maintenance paroxetine and IPT (Reynolds et al., 2006). We used Cox regression analysis to test interactions between cognitive status (Dementia Rating Scale score) and treatment (IPT, CM) with respect to recurrence of major depression.ResultsWe observed a significant interaction between cognitive status and treatment: lower cognitive performance was associated with longer time to recurrence in IPT than in CM (58 weeks vs 17 weeks) (HR = 1.41 [95% CI = 1.04, 1.91], p = 0.03). Subjects with average cognitive performance showed no effect of maintenance IPT vs CM on time to recurrence (38 vs 32 weeks, respectively).ConclusionMonthly maintenance IPT confers protection against recurrence of major depression in elders with lower cognitive functioning. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.