bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutraceuticals known to promote hair growth do not interfere with the inhibitory action of tamoxifen in MCF7, T47D and BT483 breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Baker Richard , Dell’Acqua Giorgio , Richards Aleksander , Thornton M. Julie 
Published: February 2024

Background
Hair loss/thinning is a common side effect of tamoxifen in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer therapy. Some nutraceuticals known to promote hair growth are avoided during breast cancer therapy for fear of phytoestrogenic activity. However, not all botanical ingredients have similarities to estrogens, and in fact, no information exists as to the true interaction of these ingredients with tamoxifen. Therefore, this study sought to ascertain the effect of nutraceuticals (+/- estrogen/tamoxifen), on proliferation of breast cancer cells and the relative expression of ERα/β.

Methods
Kelp, Astaxanthin, Saw Palmetto, Tocotrienols, Maca, Horsetail, Resveratrol, Curcumin and Ashwagandha were assessed on proliferation of MCF7, T47D and BT483 breast cancer cell lines +/- 17β-estradiol and tamoxifen. Each extract was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) prior to use. Cellular ERα and ERβ expression was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Changes in the cellular localisation of ERα:ERβ and their ratio following incubation with the nutraceuticals was confirmed by immunocytochemistry.

Results
Estradiol stimulated DNA synthesis in three different breast cancer cell lines: MCF7, T47D and BT483, which was inhibited by tamoxifen; this was mirrored by a specific ERa agonist in T47D and BT483 cells. Overall, nutraceuticals did not interfere with tamoxifen inhibition of estrogen; some even induced further inhibition when combined with tamoxifen. The ERα:ERβ ratio was higher at mRNA and protein level in all cell lines. However, incubation with nutraceuticals induced a shift to higher ERβ expression and a localization of ERs around the nuclear periphery.

Conclusions
As ERα is the key driver of estrogen-dependent breast cancer, if nutraceuticals have a higher affinity for ERβ they may offer a protective effect, particularly if they synergize and augment the actions of tamoxifen. Since ERβ is the predominant ER in the hair follicle, further studies confirming whether nutraceuticals can shift the ratio towards ERβ in hair follicle cells would support a role for them in hair growth. Although more research is needed to assess safety and efficacy, this promising data suggests the potential of nutraceuticals as adjuvant therapy for hair loss in breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy.
The impact of COVID-19 on treatment follow-up and medication adherence among patients with epilepsy at a referral hospital in Ethiopia
Authors: Tekleyohannes Bethlehem Abera , Yifru Yared Mamushet , Nasir Beshir Bedru 
Published: February 2024

Background
The world continues to be challenged by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and preventive measures like maintaining social distancing and lockdowns challenge patients to attend regular follow-ups and get a refill for medication that causes adherence problems. Hence, this study attempts to assess the impact of COVID-19 on treatment follow-up and medication adherence among patients with epilepsy.

Method
A total of 276 patients with epilepsy were enrolled in the study. Data collection was carried out through medical record reviews and patient interviews. Patients who visited Zewditu Memorial Hospital from August to September 2021 and those who had follow-up at least for two years before the outbreak of the pandemic were included. The data was analyzed using SPSS v.24.

Result
About 69.6% of patients were adherent to their treatment and 83.3% of the patients had a seizure-free period of less than 1 year. Ninety (32.6%) of the participants missed their treatment follow-up during the pandemic, mainly due to fear of being infected with COVID-19. Sixty-eight (24.6%) patients have experienced increased seizure episodes during the pandemic as compared to the previous times. Moreover, 56 (20.3%) participants were not taking their antiseizure medications (ASMs) during the pandemic because of the unavailability of medications and they discontinued hospital visits for their medication refills. Among those who missed their treatment follow-up, 20% had seizure-related physical injuries. Only educational level has a significant association with visiting health facilities during the pandemic. Thus, participants who completed college and above (OR = 2.58, 95% CI (1.32–6.38)) were more likely to attend their follow-up during the pandemics as compared to participants who can’t read and write.

Conclusion
The present study revealed that COVID-19 might have impacts on treatment follow-up and medication adherence due to fear of infection, travel restrictions and the indirect impact on the availability and affordability of medications. These might lead to poor treatment outcomes like increased seizure frequency and seizure-related physical injuries.
Cuproptosis-associated ncRNAs predict breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Xia Qing , Shen Jinze , Wang Qurui , Chen Ruixiu , Zheng Xinying , Yan Qibin , Du Lihua , Li Hanbing , Duan Shiwei 
Published: February 2024

Background
Cuproptosis is a novel copper-dependent mode of cell death that has recently been discovered. The relationship between Cuproptosis-related ncRNAs and breast cancer subtypes, however, remains to be studied.

Methods
The aim of this study was to construct a breast cancer subtype prediction model associated with Cuproptosis. This model could be used to determine the subtype of breast cancer patients. To achieve this aim, 21 Cuproptosis-related genes were obtained from published articles and correlation analysis was performed with ncRNAs differentially expressed in breast cancer. Random forest algorithms were subsequently utilized to select important ncRNAs and build breast cancer subtype prediction models.

Results
A total of 94 ncRNAs significantly associated with Cuproptosis were obtained and the top five essential features were chosen to build a predictive model. These five biomarkers were differentially expressed in the five breast cancer subtypes and were closely associated with immune infiltration, RNA modification, and angiogenesis.

Conclusion
The random forest model constructed based on Cuproptosis-related ncRNAs was able to accurately predict breast cancer subtypes, providing a new direction for the study of clinical therapeutic targets.
Identifying Key Stressors & Coping Mechanisms in Secondary School Students
Authors: Muhunthan Hari 
Published: February 2024

This study aims to explore the main sources of stress among
secondary school students and assess the effectiveness of
coping mechanisms employed to navigate these stressors.
Conducted through a survey involving 200 participants and
supplemented by randomly selected interviews, the study sought
to identify prevalent stressors and evaluate (and identify)
prevalent coping mechanisms. The primary stressors identified
by students were predominantly academic, with the majority
citing challenges related to school grades, tests, and academic
expectations. Extracurriculars, family problems, and personal
issues also contributed to stress. The research revealed a
diverse array of coping mechanisms employed by students, with
consuming media, solitary relaxation, and spending time with
friends ranking highest in prevalence. Notably, seeking help from
family members or professionals emerged as a less prevalent
strategy but was deemed highly effective. The study found
variations in the perceived effectiveness of coping mechanisms,
highlighting the complexity of individual responses to stress. The
data portrays a clear narrative of the challenges secondary
school students face, primarily rooted in academic stressors. The
study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address
academic pressures and highlights the pivotal role of effective
coping mechanisms, especially those involving familial and
professional support, in promoting mental well-being among
students.
Lower basal and postprandial muscle protein synthesis after 2 weeks single‐leg immobilization in older men: No protective effect of anti‐inflammatory medication
Authors: Dideriksen K. , Reitelseder S. , Boesen A. P. , Zillmer M. , Agergaard J. , Kjaer M. , Holm L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMuscle inactivity may reduce basal and postprandial muscle protein synthesis (MPS) rates in humans. Anti‐inflammatory treatment alleviates the MPS impairments in younger individuals. The present study explored the influence of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) upon MPS during a period of inactivity in older humans. Eighteen men (age 60–80 years) were allocated to ibuprofen (1200 mg/day, Ibu) or control (Plc) groups. One lower limb was cast immobilized for 2 weeks. Postabsorptive and postprandial MPS was measured before and after the immobilization by L‐[ring‐13C6]‐phenylalanine infusion. The protein expression of select anabolic signaling molecules was investigated by western blot. Basal (0.038 ± 0.002%/h and 0.039 ± 0.005%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) and postprandial (0.064 ± 0.004%/h and 0.067 ± 0.010%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) MPS rate were higher pre‐immobilization compared to basal (0.019 ± 0.005%/h and 0.020 ± 0.010%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) and postprandial (0.033 ± 0.005%/h and 0.037 ± 0.006%/h, Plc and Ibu, respectively) MPS rate post‐immobilization (p < 0.001). NSAID treatment did not affect the suppression of MPS (p > 0.05). The anabolic signaling were in general reduced after immobilization (p < 0.05). These changes were unaffected by NSAID treatment (p > 0.05). Basal and postprandial MPS dropped markedly after 2 weeks of lower limb immobilization. NSAID treatment neither influenced the reduction in MPS nor the anabolic signaling after immobilization in healthy older individuals.
An experimental and numerical study investigating sediment transport position in the bed of sewer pipes in Karbala
Authors: Kokaz Mohammed Aswad , Nile Basim K. , Hassan Waqed H. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The complex phenomenon of sedimentation in urban areas is well studied using numerical models. Because they may be used to mimic sediment flow, obstructions, and drainage system optimization, the simulations are useful in urban planning and design. By merging ANSYS Fluent with Rocky, researchers were able to track the motion of sediment particles of various sizes and speeds. The sizes of the sediment particles were measured using a sieve after being collected from the streets of Karbala. The particle sizes established by the sieve analysis were used in both the computational and experimental procedures. Varied particle sizes and velocities, including 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, and 0.49 m/s, as well as varied particle sizes, including 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 0.1, and 1.2 mm, were investigated. Numerical analysis showed that 1.2 mm-sized particles sedimented between 10 and 148 cm from the input pipe’s X coordinate at a rate of 0.49 m/s. A maximum sedimentation distance of 380 cm was also observed for particles with a diameter of 1 mm. Sediment did not include 0.4 mm-sized objects flowing at the same speed. The findings demonstrated that particle size and velocity significantly impacted the quantity of drag and lift forces acting on the particles. As the particle size increased, the drag force increased, which led to more sedimentation. The particle positions along the X coordinate (pipe bed) showed a declining trend. Overall, this work offers crucial insights for understanding sediment transport in urban drainage systems by illuminating the connection between velocity, particle size, and sedimentation behaviour.
Association of hepatokines with markers of endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity in obese adolescents
Authors: Stein David , Ovadia Daniela , Katz Stuart , Brar Preneet Cheema 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) is known to influence hepatic cytokines (hepatokines), including fibroblast growth factor (FGF-21), fetuin-A, and chemerin. This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatokines and markers of endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity in obese adolescents.

Methods
A total of 45 obese adolescents were categorized into three groups based on glucose tolerance: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We examined the relationships between FGF-21, fetuin-A, and chemerin with endothelial markers (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1], and vascular cell adhesion marker-1 [VCAM-1]) and vascular surrogates (brachial artery reactivity testing [BART] and peak reactive hyperemia [PRH]).

Results
Obese adolescents (age 16.2±1.2 years; 62 % female, 65 % Hispanic) with NGT (n=20), PD (n=14), and T2D (n=11) had significant differences between groups in BMI; waist-hip ratio (p=0.05), systolic BP (p=0.008), LDL-C (p=0.02), PAI-1 (p<0.001). FGF-21 pg/mL (mean±SD: NGT vs. PD vs. T2D 54±42; 266±286; 160±126 p=0.006) and fetuin-A ng/mL (266±80; 253±66; 313±50 p=0.018), were significantly different while chemerin ng/mL (26±5; 31±10; 28±2) did not significantly differ between the groups. Positive correlations were found between chemerin and both PAI-1 (r=0.6; p=0.05) and ICAM-1 (r=0.6; p=0.05), FGF-21 and PAI-1 (r=0.6; p<0.001), and fetuin-A with TNFα (r=−0.4; p=0.05). Negative correlations were found between chemerin and PRH (r= −0.5; p=0.017) and fetuin-A and PRH (r=−0.4; p=0.05).

Conclusions
In our cohort, IR predicted higher FGF-21 levels suggesting a linear relationship may exist between the two parameters. Hepatokines can augment alterations in the microvascular milieu in obese adolescents as demonstrated by their associations with the markers PAI-1, ICAM-1, and PRH.
Modeling of thrust force and torque in drilling aluminum 7050
Authors: Aslan Ebru , Gürkan Kocataş Duygu , Uzun Gültekin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The aluminum AA7050 alloy has high toughness and high strength. Despite the high machinability of the AA7050 alloy, hole quality can vary according to tool geometry and drilling parameters. This study investigated the effects of different cutting parameters and three different drill point angles on thrust force and torque. Numerical analyses for thrust force and torque were performed using the finite element method. The lowest thrust force and the highest torque were obtained with the drill at 130° drill point angle, while the highest cutting force and lowest torque were obtained with the drill at 118° drill point angle. There is an average difference of 5.37 and 6.9 % between the experimental and analysis values for thrust forces and torque, respectively, and the applicability of the finite element model has been proven. In the last part of the study, thrust force and torque are modeled with artificial neural networks. The statistical accuracy (R
2) values for the learning and testing values in the thrust force of the equation are 0.997797 and 0.995739, respectively. Torque’s learning and testing accuracy values are 0.987247 and 0.937909, respectively. The obtained equations have a high accuracy rate.
Diguanidinium hexafluoridogermanate(IV) – an organic–inorganic hybrid salt with an antifluorite topology
Authors: Kösters Jutta , Böhnisch David , Jüstel Thomas , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Polycrystalline diguanidinium hexafluoridogermanate (IV) was obtained by co-precipitation from solutions of diguanidinium carbonate and germanium dioxide in 48 % hydrogen fluoride. The [C(NH2)3]2[GeF6] structure was refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: [C(NH2)3]2[TiF6] type, C2/m, a = 1276.67(8), b = 732.70(5), c = 616.37(5) pm, b = 114.497(5)°, wR = 0.0700, 1033 F
2 values, 53 variables. The trigonal planar [C(NH2)3]+ cations and the octahedral [GeF6]2− anions are condensed to double layers through strong H⋯F hydrogen bonds (208–213 pm H⋯F). The centers of gravity of the two building units have an antifluorite-like topology.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ ОСНОВИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У НАВЧАННІ УЧНІВ З ОСОБЛИВИМИ ОСВІТНІМИ ПОТРЕБАМИ
Authors: ЧУМАК МИКОЛА , ЄФИМЕНКО ВАСИЛЬ 
Published: February 2024

У статті йдеться про те, що процес навчання учнів з особливими освітніми потребами має певні особливості, які можуть бути частково реалізовані в рамках створення та використання електронних засобів навчального призначення: нерегулярність відвідування навчальних занять, що пов’язана з обмеженням у пересуванні; скорочення кількості годин навчального навантаження; зменшення навчального навантаження; обмеження можливості розвитку творчих здібностей. Наголошується, що використання електронних засобів навчального призначення є одним із засобів спеціальних освітніх і корекційно-реабілітаційних технологій, що становлять сукупність організаційних структур і заходів, системних засобів і методів, оптимально забезпечують реалізацію та засвоєння освітніх програм, спрямованих на усунення або якомога більш повну компенсацію обмежень життєдіяльності, викликаних порушенням здоров’я.
Автори охарактеризували сучасні інформаційно-комунікаційні технології з позиції їх використання як: засіб навчання; технічний засіб автоматизації процесу пізнавальної та творчої діяльності особистості, який дозволяє мобільно працювати з текстом, графічним, звуковим або відеодокументом, робити складні розрахунки, якісно подавати інформацію, обробляти її, спілкуватися з однолітками зрізних країн світу; зразок інноваційних технологій, що розвиває навички оволодіння ними, дає знання про функціональне призначення складових елементів і системи зв’язків, принципи роботи апаратного і програмного забезпечення; ефективний тренажер, що розвиває пізнавальну і творчу активність особистості, спонукає її приймати власні оригінальні рішення, бачити їх результат і перевіряти правомірність тощо.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ І ПРОВЕДЕННЯ КОНТРОЛЮ ЗНАНЬ, УМІНЬ І НАВИЧОК СТУДЕНТІВ НА ФІЗИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЯХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: ГАМАРНИК АННА , ЯЦУРА МИХАЙЛО , РАЧІЙ БОГДАН 
Published: February 2024

Однією з важливих та актуальних проблем методики викладання будь-якої дисципліни в закладі вищої освіти є ефективна організація і проведення виявлення об’єктивного рівня знань, умінь і навичок, яких студенти набувають у процесі вивченні дисципліни. Сьогодні у закладах вищої освіти використовуються чимало методів перевірки і оцінки знань, у тому числі і комп’ютерне тестування, але переважна більшість випадків вони розглядаються незалежно один від одного, однак, оскільки вони застосовуються з однією метою, то повинні бути пов’язані та доповнювати один одного. Отже, необхідна єдина система методів перевірки і оцінки знань, зрозуміло, для кожного напряму галузі знань, зі своєю специфікою. Колектив кафедри матеріалознавства і новітніх технологій Прикарпатського національного університету імені Василя Стефаника протягом останніх років набув певного досвіду, узагальнивши його в статті і робивши спробу поділитися власним баченням, як має бути організований на сучасному рівні контроль знань, умінь і навичок студентів, котрі навчаються на фізичних спеціальностях закладів вищої освіти.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ У ЗАКЛАДІ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: БІЛОВУС ДМИТРО 
Published: February 2024

У статті розкрито особливості підвищення кваліфікації викладачів у закладі післядипломної освіти в Україні. Наголошується, що важливою формою в даному випадку є підвищення кваліфікації у закладі післядипломної освіти на рівні вимог сьогодення. Подано характеристику неперервної освіти, яка сьогодні слугує основою ефективної діяльності викладача, котрий має постійно розвиватися і вдосконалюватися.
Досліджуючи питання, пов’язані з підвищенням кваліфікації викладачів у закладі післядипломної освіти, це є найпоширенішим варіантом інтеграції змісту і посилення міждисциплінарних зв’язків це введення системи інтегративних курсів, що доповнюють навчальний план спеціальності. Курси підвищенням кваліфікації можна включити в освітній процес за рахунок годин, відведених на дисципліни за вибором студентів, а також перетворення існуючих дисциплін, що мають синтетичний характер, на інтегративні.
Зокрема, згідно “Концепції неперервного підвищення кваліфікації та перепідготовки педагогічних кадрів”, на державному рівні визначено, що саме післядипломна освіта створює умови для задоволення різноманітних освітніх і професійних потреб викладача, а також соціальних запитів щодо подолання розриву між набутим в освітньому закладі рівнем професійної підготовки та сучасними вимогами. Це потребує поглиблення, розширення й оновлення професійних знань, умінь і навичок викладача на основі впровадження сучасних технологій навчання.
The use of English among Latvian adolescents: A study of multilingual identity and language dominance
Authors: Bondare Justīne 
Published: February 2024

This paper examines the effects of virtual communication on language use among Latvian students aged 13-25, aiming to investigate whether language proficiency, language attitudes and identity construction are mediated by language dominance and global trends foregrounded by the dominant use of English on social media. The research material consists of 1) Bilingual Language Profile (Birdsong et al. 2012), a questionnaire that targets a variety of sociolinguistic factors and assesses language dominance; 2) a questionnaire on language use across various domains as well as language ideologies. The questionnaire results indicate Latvian language dominance in terms of language history and active use, but English is regarded as a beneficial language and used as a receptive language in entertainment and with peers. The findings of the study suggest English is associated with a multilingual identity, however, this does not seem to impact the expression of adolescents’ national identity.
Assessment of the commitment to vaccination of outpatient doctors
Authors: Timoshkova Snezhana D. , Fedoseenko Marina V. , Rusinova Dina S. , Glazkova Galina P. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. 
Published: February 2024

Background. The commitment to vaccination of outpatient doctors is one of the factors that affects patients’ confidence in preventive vaccinations and, as a result, the incidence of controlled infections. Unfortunately, emotionally colored information is currently spreading among the population faster than scientifically proven facts all over the world.The aim of this study is the examine of the level of knowledge and attitude to vaccination of doctors in one of the children’s polyclinics in Moscow.Methods. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among medical doctors of different specialties who expressed their attitude to various aspects of immunoprophylaxis and demonstrated knowledge in this field. Results. The survey demonstrated a positive attitude of respondents towards immunization, while some of them showed a cautious attitude towards the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, misconceptions (erroneous assumptions), increased susceptibility to “myths” about preventive vaccinations.Conclusion. The level of knowledge of medical doctors on vaccine prevention within a single health care institution range from insufficient training, including misconceptions, to a high level of knowledge and commitment regarding immunization. It is necessary to regularly maintain current theoretical knowledge of doctors and consolidate it in practice.