bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of everolimus plus exemestane in patients with hormone receptor‐positive, HER‐2‐negative advanced breast cancer: Results from the open‐label, multicentre, non‐interventional BRAWO study
Authors: Lüftner Diana , Schuetz Florian , Schneeweiss Andreas , Hartkopf Andreas , Bloch Wilhelm , Decker Thomas , Uleer Christoph , Stötzer Oliver , Foerster Frank , Schmidt Marcus , Mundhenke Christoph , Tesch Hans , Jackisch Christian , Fischer Thomas , Kreuzeder Julia , Guderian Gernot , Fasching Peter A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBRAWO, a real‐world study, assessed the efficacy, quality of life (QoL) and safety of EVE + EXE in postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2– advanced breast cancer (ABC) in routine clinical practice. Postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2‐ABC with recurrence or progression after a NSAI were included. Primary Observation parameters included the evaluation of the effectiveness of EVE + EXE. A multivariate‐analysis using Cox proportional hazard model was built to identify predictors of progression. Overall, 2100 patients were enrolled (August 2012–December 2017); 2074 were evaluable for efficacy and safety analyses. Majority of patients (60.6%) received EVE + EXE as first (28.7%) or second‐line (31.9%) therapy. Visceral metastases were present in 54.1% patients. Median progression‐free survival (mPFS) reported as 6.6 months (95%CI: 6.3–7.0). Multivariate‐analysis in a subset of patients (n = 1837) found higher body mass index (BMI) and non‐visceral metastases to be independent predictors of favorable PFS. Patients with a BMI of 20 to <25 had a mPFS of 6.0 (95%CI: 5.4–6.4) and those with a BMI ≥30 had mPFS of 8.5 (95%CI: 6.9–9.9). 41.2% patients achieved stable disease and 7.3% partial response. No major changes were observed QoL; 86.4% patients received stomatitis prophylaxis and 41.4% experienced EVE related AEs of stomatitis, mainly low grade. AEs occurred in 91.2% of patients, of which stomatitis (42.6%) and fatigue (19.8%) were most frequent. The BRAWO study provides real‐world evidence of efficacy and safety of EVE + EXE in patients with HR+, HER2− ABC. A high BMI and the absence of visceral metastases were independent predictors of PFS in this cohort of patients.
New energetic 1,2,4‐triazole‐nitrofuroxan hybrids
Authors: Larin Alexander A. , Dubasova Ekaterina V. , Ananyev Ivan V. , Monogarov Konstantin A. , Gazieva Galina A. , Fershtat Leonid L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNew promising energetic materials comprised of 1,2,4‐triazole and furoxan rings and bearing explosophoric nitro group were rationally designed and synthesized. All newly prepared compounds were thoroughly characterized and their physicochemical properties were estimated. In the newly synthesized series, (1,2,4‐triazolyl)furoxan 4 is completely insensitive to impact and friction and possesses good detonation performance (D = 8.4 km s−1; P = 33 GPa) enabling its further exploration as a promising high‐energy material.
The expression analysis of human endogenous retrovirus‐K Env, Np9, and Rec transcripts in cervical cancer
Authors: Soleimani‐Jelodar Rahim , Arashkia Arash , Shoja Zabihollah , Akhavan Setareh , Yarandi Fariba , Sharifian Kimia , Farahmand Mohammad , Nili Fatemeh , Jalilvand Somayeh 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWhile infection with high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types is necessary for cervical cancer (CC) development, it is not enough, and other risk factors are required. Several studies have reported the activation of HERV‐K in different cancers; however, the investigation of HERV‐K expression levels in CC is scarce. In this study, it was hypothesized that activation of HERV‐K could play an essential role in CC development. In this order, the expression levels of HERV‐K Env, Np9, and Rec transcripts were investigated on 147 normal to CC uterine cervical tissues using quantitative real‐time PCR. The significantly higher levels of HERV‐K Env and Np9 transcripts were found in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II−III and CC groups compared to those in the normal/CIN I group. Expression of Rec transcript was also higher only in the CC group than normal/CIN I group. Among CC patients, meaningfully higher levels of HERV‐K Env and Np9 transcripts were found in patients with squamous cell carcinoma rather than in adenocarcinoma. When only the HPV 16 positive samples were investigated, it was found that the mean difference in Env and Np9 mRNA levels was meaningfully higher among precancer lesions and the cancer group in comparison with the normal group. However, the Rec mRNA level showed no significant differences. The association between the expression of HERV‐K genes was investigated, and a significant positive correlation of Env expression with Np9 transcript was found only in the group with precancer lesions (R = 0.6, p = 0.0037). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between Rec and Np9 transcripts in patients with normal cervix tissues (R = 0.26, p = 0.033). However, no correlations were observed between the expression of Env and Rec in the three groups. In conclusion, our results showed that HERV‐K transcripts, especially Env and Np9, upregulated during cervical lesion progression. These findings highlight the potential use of HERV‐K Env and Np9 as biomarkers for CC diagnosis and prognosis. Further investigation is needed to determine the clinical utility of these markers and whether targeting HERV‐K oncogenes could be a viable therapeutic strategy for CC.
Effects of acidification by traditional Jiaozi starter and neutralization with alkali (Na2CO3) on whole wheat dough properties
Authors: Li Zhijian , Cao Yu , Zhou Mengmeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWhole wheat steamed bread has been recommended for its potential nutritional benefits to human health. Given the positive role of both organic acid and alkali in improving dough development and product quality, the present study investigated the effects of neutralization by addition of alkali (Na2CO3) after dough acidification with traditional Jiaozi starter on the properties of whole wheat dough.RESULTSThe population of yeast and lactic acid bacteria and the acidification level of the dough increased significantly after fermentation with Jiaozi. Incorporation of alkali greatly improved the leavening capacity of the remixed dough and the quality of steamed bread. Jiaozi fermentation and alkali addition changed the water distribution patterns (T2) and affected the secondary structures of gluten protein, starch crystallinity and pasting properties. The storage modulus (G') of the dough increased significantly with the alkali addition, which could be attributed to the promoted cross‐linking of the gluten structure and the altered hydration state of the macromolecules.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study indicate that a combination of Jiaozi fermentation and alkali addition could improve the technological properties of whole wheat dough and the quality of steamed bread. The results will help us to further explore the potential application of moderate acidification and alkali addition in the production of leavened whole wheat products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A potential novel technique for measurement of pulp volume on periapical radiography: A pilot study
Authors: Şatır Samed , Özel Şelale , Orhan Kaan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPulp volume can be assessed during dental treatment. Three‐dimensional imaging techniques are not routinely used for this purpose because of high radiation doses. This study aimed to develop a novel method to measure pulp volume using periapical radiography. In this study, cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used as a reference method. Periapical radiography and CBCTs obtained from the same patients (n = 32) were recorded. Pulp volume was determined by observing the density differences between the pulp and peripheral structures using ImageJ. A method of graph and volume calculation was developed for each tooth. The Shapiro–Wilk test and Mann–Whitney U test were used to show normality and non‐normal distributions. The Bland–Altman plot was used to show the scattering of the mean versus difference values of the measurements of the two methods used to calculate the pulp volume. Normality was evaluated using the Shapiro–Wilk test. CBCT measurements are normally distributed (p = 0.307), while ImageJ is not normally distributed (p = 0.027). Therefore, the mean difference between the two groups was analyzed using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test. There was a statistically significant difference between the CBCT and ImageJ measurements (p = 0.01). According to Spearman's correlation analysis, the results obtained from the novel method were moderately correlated with those obtained from the reference method (r = 0.444). The results of this study indicated that a novel method‐based Java software can be used to calculate pulp volume using low‐dose radiation containing periapical radiography.
Warm‐adapted sponges resist thermal stress by reallocating carbon and nitrogen resources from cell turnover to somatic growth
Authors: Maggioni Federica , Raimbault Patrick , Chateau Olivier , Pujo‐Pay Mireille , Letourneur Yves , Rodolfo‐Metalpa Riccardo 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOcean warming will affect the functioning of coral reef ecosystems with unknown cascading effects. Any perturbation in the ability of sponges to recycle the dissolved organic matter released by primary producers and make it available to higher trophic levels, might have unknown consequences for the reef trophic chain. Biogeochemical processes were measured in the sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata from the semi‐enclosed lagoon of Bouraké, where temperatures reach 33.8°C and fluctuates by 6.5°C on a daily basis, and from a control reef (28°C). Using 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus, we experimentally investigated to what extent high temperature affected the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) resources allocation in the sponge tissue and detritus. Sponges from Bouraké maintained at 32°C incorporated more 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus in the tissue and showed less detritus release when compared with sponges maintained at 28°C. In contrast, at 32°C control sponges showed lower 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled coral mucus incorporation in tissue and higher release of detritus. Our results suggest that sponges adapted to extreme temperatures of Bouraké were able to reallocate C and N resources from cell turnover to somatic growth and reduce tissue damage. In contrast, non‐adapted sponges at the control reef lack this mechanism and underwent tissue disintegration, highlighting the lethal effect of future warming. The change in C and N allocation in adapted sponges suggests a potential adaptation mechanism that allows R. globostellata to survive under thermal stress, but it could alter the availability of essential sources of energy with unknown consequences on the future reef trophic interactions.
A new X‐band frequency up‐converter design for LEO satellite ground station utilizing a single superheterodyne
Authors: Şişman İsmail , Ergin Tugba Haykir , Barkana Duygun Erol 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this work, the advancing wireless revolution (AWR) modeling and Microwave Office tools are used to develop and execute a broadband up‐converter system. Before sending the input frequency to the antenna interface, a radio frequency block upconverts it once to the appropriate frequency level. Mixing blocks, oscillators, amplifiers, step attenuators, isolators, and filters are included. The input frequency (IF) band is  MHz, while the output frequency (radio frequency [RF]) band is  MHz. The usage of attenuators increases the dramatic range of the circuit. It is a one‐stage up‐conversion circuit that combines the IF band in one pass to create the appropriate RF spectrum. Here, a single phase‐locked oscillator is employed at the local oscillator port of the mixers, while the other is a programmable frequency generator that generates X‐band frequency channels with a 10 MHz spacing.
The consolidation behavior of layered fractional viscoelastic soils considering groundwater
Authors: Ai Zhi Yong , Ye Zi Kun , Jiang Ming Jing , Lu Qing Song 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the consolidation behavior of multi‐layered viscoelastic soils considering groundwater. First, the fractional Merchant viscoelastic model is introduced to describe the behavior of multi‐layered viscoelastic soils considering groundwater. Later, the governing equations are extended to a viscoelastic medium by virtue of the elastic‐viscoelastic corresponding principle in the Laplace–Hankel domain. According to the extended precise integration method, the soil layer is divided into a series of layer units. Then the relationship between general stress vector and general displacement vector on the top and bottom planes is established. Every two adjacent layer units are combined into one layer in each computational iteration. The solutions in the Laplace–Hankel domain are obtained by considering the boundary conditions, and numerical inversion is performed to obtain the solutions in the physical domain. The practicability of the present method is assessed by comparing the numerical results with those in the existing literature and done by ABAQUS. Finally, the effects of groundwater table, properties of the soils above groundwater table, load depth, viscoelastic parameters, and soil stratification are investigated.
Sodium butyrate alleviates experimental autoimmune prostatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Hua Xiaoliang , Zhang Jiong , Chen Juan , Feng Rui , Zhang Li , Chen Xianguo , Jiang Qing , Yang Cheng , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) leads to severe discomfort in males and loss of sperm quality. Current therapeutic options have failed to achieve satisfactory results. Sodium butyrate (NaB) plays a beneficial role in reducing inflammation, increasing antioxidant capacities, and improving organ dysfunction; additionally NaB has good safety prospects and great potential for clinical application. The purpose of the current research was to study the effect of NaB on CP/CPPS and the underlying mechanisms using a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mice.MethodsThe EAP mouse model was successfully established by subcutaneously injecting a mixture of prostate antigen and complete Freund's adjuvant. Then, EAP mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of NaB (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day) for 16 days, from Days 26 to 42. We then explored anti‐inflammatory potential mechanisms of NaB by studying the effects of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 and HO‐1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin on prostate inflammation and pelvic pain using this model. On Day 42, hematoxylin‐eosin staining and dihydroethidium staining were used to evaluate the histological changes and oxidative stress levels of prostate tissues. Chronic pelvic pain was assessed by applying Von Frey filaments to the lower abdomen. The levels of inflammation‐related cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)−1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The regulation of Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome‐related protein in EAP mice were detected by western blot analysis assay.ResultsCompared with the EAP group, chronic pain development, histological manifestations, and cytokine levels showed that NaB reduced the severity of EAP. NaB treatment could inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanism studies showed that NaB intervention could alleviate oxidative stress in EAP mice through Nrf2/HO‐1 signal pathway. Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway inhibitors can inhibit NaB ‐mediated oxidative stress. The inhibitory effect of NaB on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and anti‐inflammatory effect can also be blocked by Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway.ConclusionsNaB treatment can alleviates prostatic inflammation and pelvic pain associated with EAP by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. NaB has the potential as an effective agent in the treatment of EAP.
Robust stability analysis for uncertain systems with time‐varying delay via variable augmentation approach
Authors: Zhou Xi‐Zi , An Jianqi , He Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the problem of robust stability analysis for systems with time‐delays and time‐varying structured uncertainties. The variable augmentation approach and the free‐matrix‐based inequality are employed to retain the linear property of the estimation of the derivative of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals. Moreover, with the use of the variable augmentation approach related to the time‐varying structured uncertainties, the time‐varying S‐Procedure combined with the time‐varying delay and its derivative is employed. As a result, less‐conservative robust stability conditions are derived. In addition, the merits of the augmentation of the time‐varying structured uncertainties over the traditional methods are theoretically demonstrated. Finally, two numerical examples are given to verify the benefits of the proposed methods.
Using FRET to Determine How Myo10 Responds to Force in Filopodia
Authors: Parker Francine , Chuntharpursat-Bon Eulashini , Molloy Justin E. , Peckham Michelle 
Published: March 2024

Abstract.Myosin 10 (Myo10) is an actin-based molecular motor that is essential for filopodia formation and likely senses tension through interactions with integrins in filopodial tips. It possesses a single α-helical (SAH) domain at the end of its canonical lever, which amplifies the movement of the motor. We have shown the SAH domain can contribute to lever function and possesses the properties of a constant force spring. Here we investigate whether the SAH domain plays a role in tension sensing and whether it becomes extended under load at the filopodial tip. Previously, we found that removing the entire SAH domain and short anti-parallel coiled coil (CC) region at the C-terminal end of the SAH does not prevent Myo10 from moving to filopodial tips in cells. Exploiting this, we generated recombinant forms of Myo10, in which a tension-sensing module (TSMod), comprising a FRET-pair YPet and mCherry separated by a linker sequence of amino acids was then inserted between the Myo10 motor and tail domains, so as to replace the SAH domain and CC region. The linker sequence comprised either a portion of the native SAH domain, or control sequences that were either short (x1: stiff) or long (x5: flexible) repeats of “GPGGA”. As additional controls we also placed the TSMod construct at the N-terminus, where it should not experience force. Our FRET measurements indicate that the SAH domain of Myo10 may become extended at when the protein is stalled at the filopodial tips, so the SAH domain may therefore act as a force sensor.
Motivation, Segregation, and Responsibility: The Challenges in Our Way to Grow Equal Citizens in a Democracy
Authors: Bar-Hanan Etai 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDemocratic education prepares students to live in a democratic society: a community of equal citizens who have rights and an impact on the public sphere. A democratic public school provides students with a sense of ownership and responsibility over the country, develops understanding and empathy towards the other, and convinces its students of their power to influence the reality in their society.
Mission Hill School: Fostering Creative Storytelling Through Democratic Learning
Authors: Lewis Carolyn Shadid , Lewis Selma , Meier Deborah 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMission Hill School (MHS) was a democratically run, thematic, project-based school in Boston. Founding member Deborah Meier provides an introduction to a mother and daughter’s personal narrative of their time at the school. Boston Public Schools closed MHS in 2022.
MATTERS: Laying Groundwork for Creative Practice Rooted in Ecological and Social Awareness, Repair, and Care
Authors: Pomerantz Kaitlin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractMATTERS is a site-focused arts education program connecting art and design learners to materials and materials to land and labor. The objective of MATTERS is to lay the groundwork for a creative practice rooted in ecological and social awareness, repair, and care. The programming abides by democratic standards of co-creation, collaboration, and working toward the common good by uncovering and solving crucial problems in creative industries today. MATTERS works with existing secondary and higher education arts and design schools and programs.For art and design education in higher education/high school in the US, democratic education means engaging ethically with structures of ecology and labor that surround creative practice and material usage.
Building Climate-Resilient Food Systems: The Case of IFAD in Brazil’s Semiarid
Authors: Teixeira Alexandra , Jardim Camila Amorim 
Published: March 2024

AbstractClimate change, food systems, and food and nutrition security (FNS) are strongly interlinked. Food systems (FSs) contribute to global greenhouse emissions, while climate change impacts livelihoods, food choices, and all determinants of malnutrition, jeopardizing international efforts to reduce hunger and promote nutrition. Climate extremes are key drivers behind the recent worsening of global hunger, which is also exacerbated by other crises, such as the lingering effects of the pandemic, the economic slowdown, and the impacts of the conflict in Ukraine on the global rise of food prices. Building resilient FSs is vital to increasing access to affordable, healthy diets for everyone in this uncertain and challenging context. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) fosters regional and local solutions, innovations, and best practices to strengthen FSs resilience and adaptive capacity to improve rural people’s livelihoods. This chapter analyzes how climate change is worsening food security and malnutrition in LAC and essential regional pathways for building sustainable climate-resilient FSs, presenting the case study of IFAD’s Pro-Semiarid Project in Bahia, Brazil (PSA). It also highlights challenges and project-specific solutions implemented to strengthen FSs resilience, which can be scaled up and disseminated along LAC and between regions with relevant impacts on FNS.