bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preconception anti‐annexin A5 antibodies are associated with subsequent live birth in women with recurrent miscarriage: A retrospective study from China
Authors: Mu Fangxiang , Wang Chen , Liu Ling , Wang Fang 
Published: February 2024

AbstractProblemTo evaluate the correlation between the antiannexin A5 antibodies (aAnxA5) multiples of median (MOM) and subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with recurrent miscarriage (RM).MethodsTotally, 310 RM women were included in this study and grouped into tertiles according to their MOM of preconception aAnxA5 circulating levels determined by ELISA. The effect of aAnxA5 on the pregnancy outcomes was performed using multiple logistic regression. The outcomes included early miscarriage (before 10 weeks of gestation), late miscarriage (between 10 and 24 weeks), ongoing pregnancy (beyond 10 weeks), and live birth (after 24 weeks) characterized by pregnancy with fetal heartbeat.ResultsFor each unit increase in aAnxA5 MOM, the odds of live birth after 24 weeks and ongoing pregnancy were reduced by 40.2% (OR = .598; 95%CI 0.406–0.882, P = .010) and 38.1% (OR = .619; 95%CI 0.424–0.904, P = .013), respectively, after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. The rise in aAnxA5 MOM was associated with an increased risk of early miscarriage (OR = 1.616; 95%CI 1.106–2.361, P = .013) and miscarriage (early + late miscarriage) (OR = 1.671; 95%CI 1.134–2.464, P = .010). Further subgroup analyses showed a decreased risk of live birth rates after 24 weeks of gestation in the two subgroups: maternal age ≥35 years (OR = .131; 95%CI 0.026–0.652), and previous pregnancy loss ≥ 3 (OR = .381; 95%CI 0.173–0.837).ConclusionsHigher preconception aAnxA5 MOM levels in women with RM may be linked with a decreased risk of live birth after 24 weeks and an increased risk of early miscarriage, especially in individuals aged ≥35 years or with previous pregnancy losses ≥3.
Branched‐chain amino acid supplementation does not improve measures of sarcopenia in cirrhosis: results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hey Penelope , Hoermann Rudolf , Sinclair Marie , Chapman Brooke , Testro Adam , Apostolov Ross , Angus Peter , Gow Paul 
Published: February 2024

SummaryBackgroundSarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes in cirrhosis. Branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) target several pathways that lead to muscle loss in this population.AimsWe aimed to evaluate the impact of BCAA supplementation on sarcopenia measures in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsWe conducted a 12‐month double‐blinded, randomised, controlled trial of BCAA supplementation (30 g daily) compared to an equicaloric, equi‐nitrogenous whey protein in volunteers with cirrhosis and reduced muscle strength. The primary endpoint was an increase in grip strength and upper limb lean mass measured on DEXA. Mean‐adjusted differences (MAD, 95% CI) between groups at 6 and 12 months are reported as treatment effect using a linear mixed model for repeated measures.ResultsA total of 150 volunteers entered the trial (74 BCAA, 76 control), with a median age of 58 years [IQR 48; 63] and MELD of 14 [12; 17]. At 12 months, 57% in the BCAA arm and 61% in the control arm met the primary endpoint (p = 0.80). No significant between‐group difference was found in grip strength (MAD ‐0.15 kg [−0.37; 0.06], p = 0.29) or upper limb lean mass (1.7 kg [−0.2; 3.6], p = 0.22) at 12 months. No significant differences in other body composition parameters, physical performance, frailty, rates of hospitalisation or mortality were found between the BCAA and the control group. Fatigue improved across the entire cohort, without significant between‐group differences. 15% of volunteers reported side effects, with distaste higher in the BCAA arm (p = 0.045).ConclusionBCAA supplementation did not improve measures of muscle strength, mass or performance or physical frailty compared to a whey protein supplement in a randomised controlled setting. ACTRN12618000802202.
Beyond hard workout: A multimodal framework for personalised running training with immersive technologies
Authors: Cardenas Hernandez Fernando Pedro , Schneider Jan , Di Mitri Daniele , Jivet Ioana , Drachsler Hendrik 
Published: February 2024

AbstractTraining to run is not straightforward since without proper personalised supervision and planning, people will not improve their performance and will increase the risk of injuries. This study aims to identify the different factors that influence running training programmes, examining the benefits, challenges or limitations of personalised plans. Moreover, this study explores how multimodal, immersive and artificial intelligence technologies can support personalised training. We conducted an exploratory sequential mixed research consisting of interviews with 11 running coaches from different countries and a survey of 12 running coaches. Based on the interviews and survey analysis, we identified and extracted relevant factors of the training process. We identified four relevant aspects for running training: physical, technical, mental and body awareness. Using these aspects as a reference, we derived a framework using a bottom‐up approach. This framework proposes multimodal, immersive and artificial intelligence technologies to facilitate personalised running training. It also allows coaches to personally guide their athletes on each aspect.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topicRunning is a popular sport that provides health benefits and is practised by many people around the world.Training is a process that enables athletes to improve their development in various aspects of their sport; in the case of running, it helps them to increase their speed and endurance.Personalised training supports the needs and abilities of athletes, by helping them to achieve their potential through individualised activities or programmes.Sports science research indicates that personalised training can be improved by applying technology to tackle its challenges and limitations.What this paper addsWe show that personalising the training requires not only focusing on the runners' physical condition but also on their mental, technical and body awareness aspects, where each of them has a different adaptation to training.We show that multimodal and immersive technologies offer suitable and portable ways to measure and target the mental and body awareness aspects during running training.Implications for practice and/or policyThis paper presents a list of factors, measures and devices that coaches can use to plan and design their training sessions in a more personalised manner.This study can serve as a foundation for future research that aims to identify and target the various factors that influence the learning and training of sports.
Cognitive Science From the Perspective of Linguistic Diversity
Authors: Kim Yoolim , Tjuka Annika 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis letter addresses two issues in language research that are important to cognitive science: the comparability of word meanings across languages and the neglect of an integrated approach to writing systems. The first issue challenges generativist claims by emphasizing the importance of comparability of data, drawing on typologists’ findings about different languages. The second issue addresses the exclusion of diverse writing systems from linguistic investigation and argues for a more extensive study of their effects on language and cognition. We argue for a refocusing of cognitive science research on linguistic diversity in all modalities to develop the most robust understanding of language and its role in human cognition more broadly.
Effects of repeated embryo flushing without PGF2α administration on luteal function, percentage of unwanted pregnancy and subsequent fertility in mares
Authors: Martínez‐Boví Rebeca , Sala‐Ayala Laura , Querol‐Paajanen Aurora , Plaza‐Dávila María , Cuervo‐Arango Juan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundPGF2α is commonly given at the end of embryo flushing (EF) to shorten the interval to the next oestrus and ovulation.ObjectivesTo determine the effect of repeated EF on plasma progesterone concentration, percentage of mares with endometritis, unwanted pregnancy and subsequent fertility in mares flushed without the use of PGF2α.Study designControlled experiments.MethodsNine mares were inseminated in seven consecutive cycles (n = 63), to either perform an EF (n = 54) 7–9 days after ovulation or left pregnant (n = 9). PGF2α was not used to induce oestrus. Ultrasound examination and blood sampling were performed just before the EF and 72 h later to determine changes in progesterone concentration and signs of endometritis.ResultsThe overall percentage of positive EF/pregnancy was 55.5% (30/54) and 66.7% (6/9), respectively. The likelihood of pregnancy/positive EF in the first three cycles was 55.5% (15/29). This was not different (p > 0.1) from the fertility of the last four cycles (69.4%, 25/36). In five EF cycles (9.3%), mares had signs of endometritis and early luteolysis (progesterone <2 ng/mL) 72 h after EF. The reduction in progesterone concentration by 72 h after EF was greater (p < 0.05) for Day 9 (−2.3 ± 0.7 ng/mL) than Day 7 (−1.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL) or Day 8 (−1.3 ± 1.1 ng/mL) cycles. The progesterone concentration in non‐flushed mares did not vary significantly during the sampled period (Day 7–12). There were 5 cycles in which the donor mare remained pregnant after the EF, although four were from a single mare.Main limitationsThe mare population was limited to barren and maiden mares. The cycle order and operator allocation to each EF were not randomised.ConclusionsEF induces a subtle, but significant reduction in progesterone concentrations compared with non‐EF cycles. However, the percentage of mares with EF‐induced full luteolysis is low (9.3%). The fertility of mares after repeated EF without administration of PGF2α was unaffected; however, there is a considerable risk of unwanted pregnancy (5/27 = 18.5%) in donors from which an embryo was not recovered.
Fish predation risk alters the microbiota of Daphnia in the process of inducing its life‐history defence traits
Authors: Liu Qi , Chen Hui , Akbar Siddiq , Gu Lei , Sun Yunfei , Yang Zhou 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Host‐associated microbiota is an essential mediator of host adaptation to changeable environmental conditions. However, whether fish predation risk alters the gut microbiota composition of Daphnia while also of inducing Daphnia's life‐history defence traits remains unclear. Examination of the effect of predation risk on prey‐associated microbiota may help in improving our understanding of induced anti‐predation defence from a microbial perspective.

In this study, Daphnia magna was used as the model organism to investigate the changes in the microbiota in the gut of Daphnia as well as in the whole Daphnia and the culture medium during D. magna life‐history anti‐predation defence. The relationship of these changes with the development stage was also assessed.

The results showed that predation risk can simultaneously induce anti‐predation defences and reshape the associated microbiota composition of Daphnia. The gut microbiota of D. magna responded to both developmental stages and predation risk. The Shannon diversity of gut microbiota under predation risk decreased significantly with developmental stage. The abundance of dominant bacteria such as Burkholderiaceae and Flavobacteriaceae decreased under predation risk and was further reduced with developmental stage. Functional prediction results showed that the presence of predation risk mainly weakened overall microbial function, especially metabolic function, in the gut of D. magna. The weakening of microbial function was most obvious during sexual maturity. In addition, the number of unique operational taxonomic units in the whole Daphnia and dissected guts under predation risk was significantly higher than those in control. Based on the screening results, the Pantoea genus (Erwiniaceae family) can clearly distinguish dissected gut samples with or without predation risk.

The present study provided more insights into the structural features and functional roles of the Daphnia microbiota and improved our understanding of induced anti‐predation defence from a microbial perspective. Furthermore, this study highlights the possible complex correlations that exist between induced defensive traits and altered microbiota, which warrants further investigation.
Nanoparticulate bioceramic putty suppresses osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss in mice via inhibition of TRAF6‐mediated signalling pathways: A laboratory investigation
Authors: Wang Zijun , Zhang Jie , Sun Xiaoyue , Yu Jingjing , Liu Bingqian , Peng Bin , Wang Li , Yang Jingwen , Zhu Lingxin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine the effects of iRoot BP Plus on receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and inflammation‐mediated bone resorption in vivo and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodologyCCK‐8 was performed to test cell viability in RANKL‐induced RAW 264.7 cells and BMDMs in response to iRoot BP Plus. The effect of iRoot BP Plus on osteoclastogenesis was determined using TRAP staining and phalloidin staining, respectively. Pit formation assay was conducted to measure osteoclast resorptive capacity. Western blot and qPCR were performed to examine osteoclast‐related proteins and gene expression, respectively. Western blot was also used to investigate the signalling pathways involved. For in vivo experiments, an LPS‐induced mouse calvarial bone resorption model was established to analyse the effect of iRoot BP Plus on bone resorption (n = 6 per group). At 7 days, mouse calvaria were collected and prepared for histological analysis.ResultsWe identified that iRoot BP Plus extracts significantly attenuated RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis, reduced sealing zone formation, restrained osteolytic capacity and decreased osteoclast‐specific gene expression (p < .01). Mechanistically, iRoot BP Plus extracts reduced TRAF6 via proteasomal degradation, then suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs), blocked the nuclear translocation of c‐Fos and diminished nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) p65 and NFATc1 accumulation. Consistent with the in vitro results, iRoot BP Plus extracts attenuated osteoclast activity thus protecting against inflammatory bone resorption in vivo (p < .05), which was accompanied by a suppression of TRAF6, c‐Fos, NFATc1 and cathepsin K expression.ConclusionThese findings provide valuable insights into the signalling mechanisms underlying nanoparticulate bioceramic putty‐mediated bone homeostasis.
Evaluating dietary considerations in hidradenitis suppurativa: a critical examination of existing knowledge
Authors: Vural Seçil , Baskurt Defne , Yıldırıcı Şebnem , Rasulova Gunel , Danacı Senem , Botsalı Aysenur 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic condition that can overwhelm patients, and the effectiveness of supplementary dietary treatments remains uncertain. The primary aim of this review is to explore the connection between diet and HS progression. However, it is imperative to note that the evidence supporting a substantial role of the diet in HS remains weak. Dietary alterations alone should not be considered independent solutions for managing HS. Medical therapy continues to be indispensable for adequate treatment. Research indicates that the Mediterranean lifestyle and diet may provide cost‐effective and beneficial adjustments when combined with traditional therapies. Conversely, foods with a high glycemic index and dairy could worsen HS symptoms, conceivably through mechanisms linked to insulin resistance and inflammation. Zinc, known for its antioxidant properties, shows promise as an adjunct therapy. Moreover, evidence suggests a connection between vitamin D deficiency and HS severity, although the findings are inconclusive. Brewer's yeast‐free diet, B12 supplementation, intermittent fasting, and reducing the intake of refined sugar and dairy merit further investigation. In conclusion, this review highlights the need for additional research because of the lack of standardized reporting of clinical effects in the studies under scrutiny. A deeper exploration of the pathophysiology focusing on dietary modifications and their potential associations with HS severity is essential. Furthermore, it is crucial to recognize that patients' willingness to experiment with new diets makes them vulnerable to fraudulent interventions, highlighting the importance of evidence‐based dietary guidance.
Redundancy and absurd names in immunology
Authors: Kuśnierczyk Piotr 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn this short review, examples of unnecessary multiple names of cell membrane molecules, for example, immune checkpoints and cytokines, are presented. Moreover, ridiculous or inaccurate names, such as ‘Regulated on activation, normal T‐cell expressed and secreted’ and ‘tissue factor’, are discussed.
Changes in nurses' work: A comparative study during the waves of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Usberg Gerli , Clari Marco , Conti Alessio , Põld Mariliis , Kalda Ruth , Kangasniemi Mari 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to describe and evaluate how nurses caring for COVID and non‐COVID patients assess changes in their work and in nursing activities during the two waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsTwo cross‐sectional surveys were conducted for Estonian nurses working during the first and second waves of the COVID‐19 pandemic, using The impact of COVID‐19 emergency on nursing care questionnaire. Based on convenience sampling, the data were collected among the members of professional organizations, unions and associations. Responses from the first (n = 162) and second wave (n = 284) were analysed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test and McNemar's test.ResultsThe COVID‐19 pandemic changed the working context during both waves for nurses caring for COVID and non‐COVID patients. Changes were considered to a greater extent during the second wave, when Estonia was severely affected, and by nurses caring for COVID patients. During the second wave, the number and complexity of patients increased, and nurses caring for COVID patients performed fundamental care, nursing techniques and symptom control significantly more frequently compared to nurses caring for non‐COVID patients.ConclusionTaking care of COVID patients is demanding, requiring nurses to perform more direct patient care. However, the pandemic also increased the frequency of activities not related with direct patient care.
Parametric Quantile Beta Regression Model
Authors: Bourguignon Marcelo , Gallardo Diego I. , Saulo Helton 
Published: February 2024

SummaryIn this paper, we develop a fully parametric quantile regression model based on the generalised three‐parameter beta (GB3) distribution. Beta regression models are primarily used to model rates and proportions. However, these models are usually specified in terms of a conditional mean. Therefore, they may be inadequate if the observed response variable follows an asymmetrical distribution. In addition, beta regression models do not consider the effect of the covariates across the spectrum of the dependent variable, which is possible through the conditional quantile approach. In order to introduce the proposed GB3 regression model, we first reparameterise the GB3 distribution by inserting a quantile parameter, and then we develop the new proposed quantile model. We also propose a simple interpretation of the predictor–response relationship in terms of percentage increases/decreases of the quantile. A Monte Carlo study is carried out for evaluating the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates and the choice of the link functions. Finally, a real COVID‐19 dataset from Chile is analysed and discussed to illustrate the proposed approach.
Vaccine effectiveness against influenza hospitalisation in adults during the 2022/2023 mixed season of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B circulation, Europe: VEBIS SARI VE hospital network
Authors: Rose Angela M. C. , Pozo Francisco , Martínez‐Baz Iván , Mazagatos Clara , Bossuyt Nathalie , Cauchi John Paul , Petrović Goranka , Loghin Isabela I. , Vaikutyte Roberta , Buda Silke , Machado Ausenda , Duffy Róisín , Oroszi Beatrix , Howard Jennifer , Echeverria Aitziber , Andreu Cristina , Barbezange Cyril , Džiugytė Aušra , Nonković Diana , Popescu Corneliu‐Petru , Majauskaite Fausta , Tolksdorf Kristin , Gomez Verónica , Domegan Lisa , Horváth Judit Krisztina , Castilla Jesús , García Miriam , Demuyser Thomas , Borg Maria‐Louise , Tabain Irena , Lazar Mihaela , Kubiliute Ieva , Dürrwald Ralf , Guiomar Raquel , O'Donnell Joan , Kristóf Katalin , Nicolay Nathalie , Bacci Sabrina , Kissling Esther ,   VEBIS SARI VE network team
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe conducted a multicentre hospital‐based test‐negative case–control study to measure vaccine effectiveness (VE) against PCR‐confirmed influenza in adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) during the 2022/2023 influenza season in Europe. Among 5547 SARI patients ≥18 years, 2963 (53%) were vaccinated against influenza. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 11% (95% CI: −23–36); 20% (95% CI: −4–39) against A(H3N2) and 56% (95% CI: 22–75) against B. During the 2022/2023 season, while VE against hospitalisation with influenza B was >55%, it was ≤20% for influenza A subtypes. While influenza vaccination should be a priority for future seasons, improved vaccines against influenza are needed.
‘Not seeing people as capable’: Disability professionals' mis/understandings of ableism
Authors: Friedman Carli , VanPuymbrouck Laura , Gordon Zach 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge about how disability professionals understand ableism may provide insight into the production of inequalities. The aim of this study was to examine how disability professionals understand ableism.MethodsWe asked 347 disability professionals, all of whom worked with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, among other populations, to define ableism and then analysed those definitions using content analysis.ResultsThe themes about how participants understood ableism were: discrimination; differential treatment; individualization; norms and othering; ableist language; microaggressions; and systems and environments. It was also not uncommon for participants to say ableist things, and express misconceptions in their definitions. This included these themes: avoiding disability; using ableist language; framing disability as in/ability; centring people without disabilities; ignoring invisible disabilities; believing only people without disabilities have bias; and believing ableism does not exist.ConclusionsKnowing disability professionals' understandings of ableism is necessary to intervene biased attitudes and reduce ableism.