bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Templated Assembly of D5h‐Symmetric Pd5L10 Rings by Precise Ligand Angle Adjustment
Authors: Neukirch Laura , Kulas Milan D. , Holstein Julian J. , Clever Guido H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractWe report a series of Pd(II)nL2n coordination rings for which nuclearity is controlled by the binding angle of the corresponding bis‐monodentate bridging ligands. Judicious choice of the angle within a family of rather rigid ligands allowed for the first‐time to synthesize a homoleptic five‐membered Pd5L10 ring that does not require any template to form. We demonstrate that control over the ring size is maintained both in the solid‐, solution‐, and gas‐phase. Two X‐ray structures of five‐membered rings from ligands with ideal angles (yielding a perfect pentagonal ring) vs. suboptimal angles (resulting in a highly distorted structure) illustrate the importance of the correct ligand geometry. A mathematical model for estimating the expected ring size based on the ligand angle was derived and DFT computations show that ring‐strain is the major factor determining the assembly outcome.
Short time effects of two radiofrequency ablation methods on hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Authors: He Yin‐ge , Dong Yong , Yang Shao‐hua , Yang Fan , Yin Jin‐Lei , Zhao Hui‐qin , Zhao Yu‐jie 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency ablation has been applied for the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). The two known procedures are percutaneous intramyocardial septal radiofrequency ablation (PIMSRA) and endocardial radiofrequency septal ablation (ERSA).MethodsThis study presents a retrospective analysis of the PIMSRA and ERSA procedures in patients with drug‐refractory HOCM. A total of 28 patients participated in the study, with 12 receiving PIMSRA and 16 receiving ERSA. The objective of our study was to compare the short‐term effects of these two radiofrequency ablation procedures.ResultsAt the 30‐day follow‐up, the PIMSRA group demonstrated a greater reduction in left ventricular outflow tract peak gradient at rest compared to the ERSA group (22.25 [16.72] mmHg versus 47.75 [21.94] mmHg) (p < .01). The values for the PIMSRA group decreased from 99.33 (32.00) mmHg to 22.25 (16.72) mmHg (p < .01), while the ERSA group decreased from 97.75 (30.24) mmHg to 47.75 (21.94) mmHg (p < .01). Only the PIMSRA group exhibited a decrease in mitral regurgitation (MR). The area of MR decreased from 10.13 (4.12) mm2 to 3.65 (2.80) mm2 in the PIMSRA group (p < .01). Additionally, the PIMSRA group experienced reductions in left atrial diameter (LAD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)%. The values for LAD changed from 43.58 (7.53) mm to 37.08 (6.92) mm (p = .03), and the values for LVEF% decreased from 65.75 (6.12) pg/mL to 60.83 (4.06) pg/mL (p = .03).ConclusionIn terms of the two types of radiofrequency ablation methods used in HOCM, it has been observed that PIMSRA demonstrates a more favorable early treatment effect compared to ERSA.
Vigorous physical activity and atrial fibrillation in healthy individuals: What is the correct approach?
Authors: Margolis Gilad , Cohen Oshri , Roguin Ariel 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSport activity compared to sedentary life is associated with improved wellbeing and risk reduction in many different health conditions including atrial fibrillation (AF). Vigorous physical activity is associated with increased AF risk. We describe four individuals, who regularly perform endurance sport activity and developed AF. We discuss the changes occurring in the heart of endurance athletes and the possible etiology for AF, as well as currently available treatment options in this seemingly healthy population. Although the etiology of AF in the general population differs from the one in the usually younger endurance sport activity population, the treatment options are similar. There are several factors unique to those involved in vigorous physical activity that can influence their management. Despite a lack of evidence, endurance athletes with AF have traditionally been advised to “de‐training,” to reduce both the amount and intensity of exercise. Some of the current offered treatment options (beta‐blockers, class III antiarrhythmic) have a varied range of adverse effect, hindering them unattractive for these individuals. Depending on risk stratification tools, anticoagulation may be indicated. Some suggest an intermittent dosing therapy, while others recommend following current guidelines. AF ablation is recommended in exercising individuals with recurrent, symptomatic AF and/or in those who do not want drug therapy, given its impact on athletic performance, AF treatment decisions should be individualized for those engaging vigorous physical activity, while considering the potential risks, the urgency of returning to training, and the will and expectations of the patient.
Nomograms to predict long‐term survival for patients with gallbladder carcinoma after resection
Authors: Bai Shilei , Yang Pinghua , Qiu Jiliang , Wang Jie , Liu Liu , Wang Chunyan , Wang Huifeng , Wen Zhijian , Zhang Baohua 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgical resection remains the primary treatment option for gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). However, there is a pressing demand for prognostic tools that can refine patients' treatment choices and tailor personalized therapies accordingly.AimsThe nomograms were constructed using the data of a training cohort (n = 378) of GBC patients at Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (EHBH) between 2008 and 2018. The model's performance was validated in GBC patients (n = 108) at Guangzhou Centre from 2007 to 2018.Methods and resultsThe 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate in the training cohort was 24.4%. Multivariate analyses were performed using preoperative and postoperative data to identify independent predictors of OS. These predictors were then incorporated into preoperative and postoperative nomograms, respectively. The C‐index of the preoperative nomogram was 0.661 (95% CI, 0.627 to 0.694) for OS prediction and correctly delineated four subgroups (5‐year OS rates: 48.1%, 19.0%, 15.6%, and 8.1%, p < 0.001). The C‐index of the postoperative nomogram was 0.778 (95%CI, 0.756 –0.800). Furthermore, this nomogram was superior to the 8th TNM system in both C‐index and the net benefit on decision curve analysis. The results were externally validated.ConclusionThe two nomograms showed an optimally prognostic prediction in GBC patients after curative‐intent resection.
Effective management of recurrent Doege–Potter syndrome with somatostatin‐analogues: A case report
Authors: Schöler Felix , Storz Maximilian Andreas , Khavaran Ashkan , Hümmler Nicolas , Russe Maximilian Frederik , Wielenberg Christoph‐Ferdinand , Laubner Katharina , Seufert Jochen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDoege–Potter syndrome is defined as paraneoplastic hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia associated with a benign or malignant solitary fibrous tumor frequently located in pleural, but also extrapleural sites. Hypoglycemia can be attributed to paraneoplastic secretion of “Big‐IGF‐II,” a precursor of Insulin‐like growth factor‐II. This prohormone aberrantly binds to and activates insulin receptors, with consecutive initiation of common insulin actions such as inhibition of gluconeogenesis, activation of glycolysis and stimulation of cellular glucose uptake culminating in recurrent tumor‐induced hypoglycemic episodes. Complete tumor resection or debulking surgery is considered the most promising treatment for DPS.CaseHere, we report a rare case of a recurrent Doege‐Poter Syndrome with atypical gelatinous tumor lesions of the lung, pleura and pericardial fat tissue in an 87‐year‐old woman. Although previously described as ineffective, we propose that adjuvant treatment with Octreotide in conjunction with intravenous glucose helped to maintain tolerable blood glucose levels before tumor resection. The somatostatin‐analogue Lanreotide was successfully used after tumor debulking surgery (R2‐resection) to maintain adequate blood glucose control.ConclusionWe conclude that somatostatin‐analogues bear the potential of being effective in conjunction with limited surgical approaches for the treatment of hypoglycemia in recurrent or non‐totally resectable SFT entities underlying DPS.
Multi objective optimization scheduling of unmanned warehouse handling robots based on A star algorithm
Authors: Li Tong , Wang Ziming 
Published: March 2024

SummaryThe sorting efficiency of the warehouse management and handling robots (automated guided vehicles [AGVs]) in an unmanned warehouse affects the delivery and lead time of orders. Studying the collaborative sorting of multiple AGVs can significantly improve work efficiency. The goal of this paper is to minimize the overall shortest transportation path and time while ensuring the completion of all orders and corresponding recycling or return tasks. This paper conducts experiments on global path planning for multiple AGVs based on the A* algorithm, both without considering collision and deadlock situations, and considering collision and deadlock situations. The results show that without considering collision and deadlock situations, the method of matching fixed storage locations and picking stations can improve overall efficiency, while considering collision and deadlock problems will result in reduced efficiency. In the future, the model will be further optimized taking into account actual conditions to improve overall efficiency.
Constructing Efficient CuAg Nanoalloys on Ce0.90In0.10Oδ for Methanol Deep Oxidation Catalysis at Low Temperature
Authors: Chen Gang , Zhou Lulu , Xiao Yongli , Chen Yongdong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSo far, it is still extremely challenging to develop an efficient catalyst for deep oxidation of methanol at low temperature. Herein, we report the construction of the highly dispersed CuAg alloy on the surface of Ce0.90In0.10Oδ nanorods support for catalyzing methanol deep oxidation. The composition, structure and properties of catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the CuxAg100‐x/Ce0.90In0.10Oδ alloy catalysts exhibit superior catalytic activity and stability compared to pure Ag/Ce0.90In0.10Oδ, with the highest activity observed for Cu40Ag60/Ce0.90In0.10Oδ, accompanied by the light‐off temperature (T50) and full conversion temperature (T90) of 115 and 145 °C, respectively. This is attributed to the synergistic effect of CuAg alloy, which results in electron transfer, generating more Ag0, and enhanced interaction between CuAg alloy and the support, leading to increased Ce3+ content and higher oxygen vacancy concentration. This work successfully applies CuAg alloy catalysts in thermo‐catalytic reaction, offering promising prospects for CuAg alloy catalysts in the methanol deep oxidation.
On‐Surface Fabrication toward Polar 2D Macromolecular Crystals
Authors: Kojima Takahiro , Xie Cong , Sakaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPolar 2D macromolecular structures have attracted significant attention because of their ferroelectricity and ferro‐magnetism. However, it is challenging to synthesize them experimentally because dipoles or spins of these macromolecules tend to cancel each other. So far, there has been no successful strategy for assembling macromolecules in a unidirectional manner, achieving stereoregular polymerization on metal surfaces, and creating polar 2D polymer crystals. Recent progress in molecular assembly, on‐surface polymer synthesis, and direct control of molecules using electric field applications provides an opportunity to develop such strategies. In this regard, we first review past studies on chiral and achiral molecular assembly, on‐surface polymer synthesis, and orientation control of polar molecules. Then, we discuss our newly developed approach called “vectorial on‐surface synthesis”, which is based on “dynamic chirality” of compass precursors, stereoselective polymerization, and favorable interchain interactions originating from CH‐π interactions. Finally, we conclude with a prospective outlook.
An Update on Protection of 5′‐Hydroxyl Functions of Nucleosides and Oligonucleotides
Authors: Seliger Hartmut , Sanghvi Yogesh S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of natural and chemically modified nucleosides and oligonucleotides is in great demand due to its increasing number of applications in diverse areas of research. These include tools for diagnostics and proteomics, research reagents for molecular biology, probes for functional genomics, and the design, discovery, development, and manufacture of new therapeutics. The likelihood of success in synthesizing these molecules is often dependent on the correct choice of a protection strategy to block the 5′‐hydroxyl group of a carbohydrate moiety, nucleoside, or oligonucleotide. This topic was reviewed extensively in the year 2000. The purpose of this article is to complement and update the original review with recently published methodologies recommended for the protection and deprotection of the 5′‐hydroxyl group. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Efficient Host Materials for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries: Ultrafine CoP Nanoparticles in Black Phosphorus‐Carbon Composite
Authors: Chen Kai , Lin Zihao , Zhang Guodong , Zheng Jiangxin , Fan Zhongxiong , Xiao Liangping , Xu Qingchi , Xu Jun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of efficient host materials to address the sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur species has been a longstanding challenge in advancing the practical application of lithium‐sulfur batteries. In this study, amorphous carbon layer loaded with ultrafine CoP nanoparticles prepared by a one‐step in situ carbonization/phosphating method to enhance the inhibition of 2D black phosphorus (BP) on LiPSs shuttle. The carbon coating layer facilitates accelerated electron/ion transport, enabling the active involvement of BP in the conversion of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Concurrently, the ultra‐fine CoP nanoparticles enhance the chemical anchoring ability and introduce additional catalytic sites. As a result, S@BP@C‐CoP electrodes demonstrate exemplary cycling stability (with a minimal capacity decay of 0.054 % over 500 cycles at 1 C) and superior rate performance (607.1 mAh g−1 at 5 C). Moreover, at a sulfur loading of 5.5 mg cm−2, the electrode maintains an impressive reversible areal capacity of 5.45 mAh cm−2 after 50 cycles at 0.1 C. This research establishes a promising approach, leveraging black phosphorus‐based materials, for developing high‐efficiency Li‐S batteries.
Determination of higenamine in common natural spices by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Du Jinming , Li Xuefen , Tian Wenyi , Guo Chengjun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractHigenamine (HG) is a β2 receptor agonist and was explicitly added to the Prohibited List of the World Anti‐Doping Agency in 2017. This compound is prohibited in both in‐ and out‐of‐competition athletes and falls under the category of nonthreshold substances. Because of HG presence in numerous plants, as evidenced by a growing body of research data, an exception was made for HG in the TD2017MRPL document, in which adverse analytical findings (AAFs) were not reported if the urinary HG concentration was less than 10 ng/mL. In this study, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the HG content in five batches of samples from each of the 48 natural spices selected for this investigation was conducted using UPLC–MS/MS technology. Method validation was carried out in accordance with the ICH Analytical Procedures and Methods Validation for Drugs and Biologics Guidance, and the experimental results demonstrated that the method provided appropriate sensitivity, precision, stability, linearity, and accuracy. HG was detected for the first time in Houttuynia cordata, Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum cassia, Stevia rebaudiana, Piper nigrum, Siraitia grosuenorii, Platycodon grandiflorus, and Myristica fragrans. Furthermore, the content of HG was found to vary significantly among the different plant parts of Nelumbo nucifera, such as rhizomes, leaves, seeds, and plumules. This paper provides systematic and comprehensive data to support the safe use of spices in athletes' diets, thereby reducing the risk of food‐sourced doping violations.
Epidemiology and risk factors for hyperkalaemia in heart failure
Authors: Grobbee Diederick E. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Desai Nihar R. , Coats Andrew J. S. , Pinto Fausto , Rosano Giuseppe M. C. , Cleland John G. F. , Kammerer Jennifer , de Arellano Antonio Ramirez 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPatients with heart failure (HF), particularly those with impaired renal function receiving renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis), are at risk of hyperkalaemia; when hyperkalaemia is severe, this can have serious clinical consequences. The incidence, prevalence, and risk factors for hyperkalaemia reported in randomized trials of RAASis may not reflect clinical practice due to exclusion of patients with elevated serum potassium (sK+) or severe renal impairment: information on patients managed in routine clinical care is important to understanding the actual burden of hyperkalaemia. This paper reviews the available clinical epidemiology data on hyperkalaemia in HF and considers areas requiring further research. Observational studies published since 2017 that focused on hyperkalaemia, included patients with HF, and had ≥1000 participants were considered. Hyperkalaemia occurrence in HF varied widely from 7% to 39% depending on the setting, HF severity, follow‐up length, and concomitant medications. Rates were lowest in patients with newly diagnosed HF and highest in patients with greater disease severity; comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes, and RAASi use, reflected commonly identified risk factors for hyperkalaemia in patients with HF. Hyperkalaemia was most often mild; however, from the limited data available, persistence of mild hyperkalaemia was associated with an increased risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events. There were also limited data available on the progression of hyperkalaemia. Recurrence was common, occurring in one‐quarter to two‐fifths of hyperkalaemia cases. Despite HF guidelines recommending close monitoring of sK+, 55–93% of patients did not receive appropriate testing before or after initiation of RAASi or in follow‐up to moderate/severe hyperkalaemia detection. Many of the observational studies were retrospective and from a single country. There is a need for international, prospective, longitudinal, observational studies, such as the CARE‐HK in HF study (NCT04864795), to understand hyperkalaemia's prevalence, incidence, and severity; to identify and characterize cases that persist, progress, and recur; to highlight the importance of sK+ monitoring when using RAASi; and to assess the impact of newer HF therapies and potassium binders in clinical practice. Data from both clinical trials and observational studies with adjustments for confounding variables will be needed to assess the contribution of hyperkalaemia to clinical outcomes.
Development and validation of algorithms to predict left ventricular ejection fraction class from healthcare claims data
Authors: Logeart Damien , Doublet Maxime , Gouysse Margaux , Damy Thibaud , Isnard Richard , Roubille François 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimsThe use of large medical or healthcare claims databases is very useful for population‐based studies on the burden of heart failure (HF). Clinical characteristics and management of HF patients differ according to categories of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but this information is often missing in such databases. We aimed to develop and validate algorithms to identify LVEF in healthcare databases where the information is lacking.Methods and resultsAlgorithms were built by machine learning with a random forest approach. Algorithms were trained and reinforced using the French national claims database [Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS)] and a French HF registry. Variables were age, gender, and comorbidities, which could be identified by medico‐administrative code‐based proxies, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes for drug delivery, International Classification of Diseases (Tenth Revision) coding for hospitalizations, and administrative codes for any other type of reimbursed care. The algorithms were validated by cross‐validation and against a subset of the SNDS that includes LVEF information. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.84 for the algorithm identifying LVEF ≤ 40% and 0.79 for the algorithms identifying LVEF < 50% and ≥50%. For LVEF ≤ 40%, the reinforced algorithm identified 50% of patients in the validation dataset with a positive predictive value of 0.88 and a specificity of 0.96. The most important predictive variables were delivery of HF medication, sex, age, hospitalization, and testing for natriuretic peptides with different orders of positive or negative importance according to the LVEF category.ConclusionsThe algorithms identify reduced or preserved LVEF in HF patients within a nationwide healthcare claims database with high positive predictive value and low rates of false positives.
Empagliflozin and risk of lower respiratory tract infection in heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction: An EMPEROR‐Preserved analysis
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Zannad Faiez , Packer Milton , Filippatos Gerasimos , Pocock Stuart J. , Vasques‐Nóvoa Francisco , Böhm Michael , Butler Javed , Anker Stefan 
Published: March 2024

AimsLower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are common worldwide. Patients with heart failure and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF) have a high risk of developing LRTI. Prior studies were able to show that sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors may reduce the incidence of LRTI in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient characteristics and prognosis according to LRTI status and to assess the effect of empagliflozin on LRTI in 5988 patients with HFmrEF/HFpEF enrolled in the EMPEROR‐Preserved trial randomized to either empagliflozin or placebo over a median follow‐up of 26 months.Methods and resultsTime‐updated models were used to study the mortality risk after a LRTI. Cox regression was used to study the effect of empagliflozin on incident LRTI. Throughout the follow‐up, 699 of 5988 (11.7%) patients developed LRTI: these were older, were more frequently hospitalized within the previous year, had type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and had higher N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide levels than patients without incident LRTI. Patients who developed LRTI had a 2.7‐fold higher risk of subsequent mortality compared to patients without LRTI. The incidence of LRTI was 5.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.6–5.8) events per 100 person‐years in the empagliflozin group and 6.2 (95% CI 5.6–6.9) events per 100 person‐years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0.83, 95% CI 0.71–0.96, p = 0.014). The total number of LRTI events was reduced in the empagliflozin group (incidence rate ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.68–0.94, p = 0.008). No effect of empagliflozin was observed on COVID‐19 incidence.ConclusionIn EMPEROR‐Preserved, LRTI was frequent and associated with a poor prognosis. Empagliflozin was associated with a reduced risk of LRTI compared to placebo.