bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topiramate: a prospective study on the relationship between concentration, dosage and adverse events in epileptic patients on combination therapy
Authors: Fröscher Walter , Schier Katja R. , Hoffmann Markus , Meyer Andreas , May Theodor W. , Rambeck Bernhard , Rösche Johannes 
Published: March 2024

Rationale
The relationship between topiramate (TPM) concentration, dosage and adverse events in patients with epilepsy is still controversial. We therefore performed a prospective study in patients with poorly controlled epilepsy treated with TPM, predominantly in combination with other antiepileptic drugs. The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of adverse events due to TPM and its serum concentration or dosage, respectively.

Methods

The relationship between the occurrence of adverse events and TPM serum concentration or dosage, respectively, was examined in a group of 42 young adult and adult patients with poorly controlled epilepsy. Within 22 months, all patients treated with TPM had been included in the study. The 8 adverse events occurring most frequently (difference ≥ 10%) in TPM‐treated patients in 5, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel group studies, were checked regularly. This side effect profile has been presented by Reife
et al.
(1995a). Other possible or probable adverse events were also documented.

Results
The difference in TPM serum concentrations and TPM dosages (mg/kg) for patients without an adverse event, and patients with a given adverse event was statistically significant for “abnormal thinking, impaired concentration, weight loss, dizziness, speech problems, somnolence, ataxia, increased seizure frequency and paresthesia”. To avoid adverse events, we recommend an initial “maintenance serum concentration” of below 4 lg/mL. As regards the TPM dosage, our results suggest initial maintenance dosages of 100 TPM or lower, 1.5 mg/kg or lower, respectively. These conclusions are limited by the relatively small number of patients.
Tonic status epilepticus in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Kobayashi Eliane , Thomas Pierre , Andermann Frederick 
Published: March 2024

Rationale
Tonic status epilepticus (TSE) in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is not well recognized. The objective of this study is to report episodes of TSE in patients with IGE.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and EEG evaluation of three IGE patients who presented TSE.

Results
The three patients had mainly clinical features of IGE, but had developed, in addition, focal discharges, diffuse EEG abnormalities and some focal or diffuse neuropsychological dysfunction. The tonic attacks eventually responded to treatment, but were not completely controlled in any of the patients.

Discussion

The continuum between IGE and secondary generalized epilepsy is demonstrated in these patients. Most of their clinical and EEG features are however, in keeping with an idiopathic generalized epileptic process with additional focal and diffuse components. Recognition of the significance of TSE in such patients has important therapeutic and prognostic implications.
[Published with video sequences]
Oligogenic inheritance in photosensitive juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?
Authors: de Haan Gerrit‐Jan , Pinto Dalila , Bertram Ed , Trenité Dorothee G.A. Kasteleijn‐Nolst , Koeleman Bobby P.C. , Lindhout Dick 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
The interplay of multiple genetic factors, as opposed to monogenic inheritance, is suspected to play a role in many idiopathic generalized epilepsies. This leads to a digenic or oligogenic inheritance model, which although rather simplified, may explain at least some of the clinical observations. Here we describe a family in which the clinical phenotype in the offspring can be explained by a combination of photosensitivity and epilepsy traits that segregated independently of each other. This case history demonstrates the need to evaluate family histories in more detail in order to uncover potential clinical markers for genetic factors in complex epilepsies.
Post‐ictal forceful yawning in a patient with nondominant hemisphere epilepsy
Authors: Yankovsky Alexei E. , Andermann Frederick , Dubeau François 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Yawning has been rarely described in association with seizures and not previously documented by video‐EEG. We present a 48‐year‐old woman with a long history of non‐dominant
for speech
hemisphere seizures and post‐ictal yawning. Yawning was irresistible, forceful and often repetitive. We reviewed the few similar epileptic cases described in the literature and discussed the possible mechanisms.

[Published with video sequences]
Myoclonus relieved by carbamazepine in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Authors: Yiğit Aytaç , Sarikaya Sevda 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
A 20‐year‐old woman with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, bedridden because of dystonic posturing and very frequent myoclonic involuntary movements, improved dramatically with carbamazepine. The favorable effect of the carbamazepine on myoclonus was demonstrated by discontinuing and reintroducing carbamazepine, and videoing the consequent reappearance and disappearance of the myoclonus.

[Published with video sequences]
Measurement of seizure freedom in adjunctive therapy studies in refractory partial epilepsy: the levetiracetam experience
Authors: Leppik Ilo , De Rue Katrien , Edrich Pascal , Perucca Emilio 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To assess the advantages and disadvantages of six methodologies used in calculating seizure freedom rates in placebo‐controlled, adjunctive therapy trials of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in partial epilepsy, and two methodologies for long‐term follow‐up studies.

Methods
Data from levetiracetam trials were used to illustrate the impact of different methodologies on seizure freedom rates. Seizure‐freedom data for several new AEDs were identified from the published medical literature using MEDLINE and from a recent comprehensive textbook.

Results
Most randomized, placebo‐controlled add‐on clinical trials of new AEDs contain little or no information about seizure freedom. Importantly, the methodology used can profoundly affect results when calculating seizure‐free rates. Seizure freedom data should be reported as well as the methodology used. The minimum duration for assessing seizure freedom should be the entire stable dose period in short‐term trials and at least six months for long‐term follow‐up studies. It is proposed that the seizure freedom rates be calculated and reported with at least two different methodologies, one that considers patients withdrawing from treatment without having had a seizure as successes, and one that considers the same patients as failures. For an effective and well‐tolerated AED, seizure freedom rates will be consistent across the two methodologies.

Conclusions
Seizure freedom is the ultimate goal of AED therapy and should be reported for all clinical trials. Methodological differences among the few clinical studies reporting seizure freedom rates make it difficult to compare results across trials. Improved reporting of methodologies and seizure‐free rates is warranted.
Benign pediatric localization‐related epilepsies Part I. Syndromes in infancy
Authors: Chahine Lama M. , Mikati Mohamad A. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

There is currently increasing interest in identifying and classifying pediatric benign epilepsy syndromes and recently several new syndromes have been recognized. Benign epilepsy syndromes, by definition, occur in children with normal developmental history, respond well to therapy, and remit without sequelae. The large majority of children with benign epilepsy syndromes follow a truly benign course. The concept of benign epilepsy syndromes has, however, been challenged by the minority of patients who continue to have seizures despite therapy, develop new seizures after initial remission, or exhibit neuropsychological abnormalities. Without long‐term follow‐up, benignity can not be truly ascertained
a priori
. Thus it may be preferable to use the terms
possible
and
probable
before the name of a specific syndrome until such time that the diagnosis of a definite benign syndrome is confirmed on long‐term follow‐up. In this review of the pediatric benign localization‐related epilepsy syndromes, we address the concept of benignity and the process of diagnosis of a benign epilepsy syndrome. In addition we review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, EEG findings, work‐up, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, genetics, management and prognosis of benign infantile familial convulsions, benign partial epilepsy in infancy with complex partial seizures, benign partial epilepsy in infancy with secondarily generalized seizures, benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis, and benign infantile focal epilepsy with midline spikes and waves during sleep.
Postictal behaviour in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Caicoya Anne G. , Serratosa José M. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Postictal phenomena such as nose‐wiping, coughing and hyper‐salivation are believed to reflect a purposeful reaction to hypersecretion after regaining consciousness following a complex partial seizure, and are very common in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, particularly in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Nose‐wiping is usually performed with the hand ipsilateral to the side of seizure onset. Our patient illustrates an unusual, exaggerated postictal behaviour consisting of long‐lasting nose‐wiping, coughing and guttural sounds following a complex partial seizure due to right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

[Published with video sequences]
Definition of the epileptogenic zone in a patient with non‐lesional temporal lobe epilepsy arising from the dominant hemisphere
Authors: Najm Imad M. , Naugle Richard , Busch Robyn M. , Bingaman William , Lüders Hans 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Pharmacoresistant epilepsy arising from the dominant temporal region in patients with intact memory and normal anatomical imaging, presents major challenges in the preoperative definition of the epileptogenic zone, and the planning of the extent of the surgical resection. We report on the case of a 42‐year‐old, right‐handed male who presented with recurrent daily seizures that were resistant to antiepileptic drugs. Multiple, non‐invasive (scalp) video‐EEG evaluations revealed focal epilepsy arising from the left fronto‐temporal region. Multiple high resolution MRIs that were performed at multiple Epilepsy Centers failed to show any abnormality. Fluoro‐deoxyglucose PET scan showed extensive, left antero‐mesial temporal hypometabolism, and ictal SPECT showed increased perfusion in the left insula in addition to the left mesial and anterior temporal pole. Neuropsychological testing and intracarotid methohexital testing revealed excellent memory to the left, dominant side. A two‐stage invasive evaluation with subdural grid electrodes followed by depth electrode recordings allowed the localization of the epileptogenic region to the temporal pole. A selective resection of the left temporal pole (that spared the hippocampal formation) resulted in a seizure‐free outcome (one year follow‐up) with no significant consequences on memory function. We conclude that targeted, invasive recording techniques should be used for the accurate localization and delineation of the extent of the epileptogenic zone in cases of suspected, non‐lesional, dominant hemisphere, temporal lobe epilepsy with preserved memory function. The use of the staged invasive approach may increase the chances for memory (function) sparing through tailored, temporal resection.
Benign pediatric localization‐related epilepsies Part II. Syndromes in childhood
Authors: Chahine Lama M. , Mikati Mohamad A. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
By definition, benign epilepsy syndromes occur in patients with no significant prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal complications, normal psychomotor development and negative laboratory and neuroimaging work‐up, respond well to therapy, and remit without sequeale. The benign localization‐related epilepsy syndromes of childhood include benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, Panayiotopoulos syndrome and Gastaut‐type idiopathic childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms. Some patients initially presumed to have these or, for that matter, other benign syndromes in other age groups, follow a less typical course and continue to experience seizures or to exhibit neuropsychological deficits. Thus the diagnosis of a “possible” or “probable” benign epilepsy syndrome may need to be applied to patients initially suspected of having such syndromes until follow‐up shows that they clearly follow a benign course. In Part I (Chahine and Mikati 2006) of our two‐part review article, we discussed benign localization‐related syndromes encountered in infancy. In this second part, we review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, neuropsychological features, EEG findings, work‐up and diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, genetics, management and prognosis of the three childhood‐onset syndromes. In addition, we discuss their occasional overlap with or progression into other syndromes.
Focal occipital seizures with cerebral polyopia
Authors: Zakaria Asma , Lalani Irfan , Belorgey Laura , Foreman P. Jay 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
Polyopia is the visual perception of multiple images of a single visual stimulus. Cerebral polyopia has previously been described as an ictal phenomenon associated with temporal lobe seizures. We report the case of a man with multiple cavernous angiomas and occipital lobe seizures manifesting as cerebral polyopia.
Re-establishment of Aechmea laxiflora (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae) based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, with notes on its geographical distribution
Authors: Soto-David Mauricio , Pinzón Juan P. , Ramírez-Morillo Ivón M. , Ramírez-Díaz Claudia J. , Raigoza Néstor 
Published: March 2024

Background: Previous phylogenetic analyses suggested that Aechmea bracteata is not a monophyletic species, being each variety an individual lineage within the Aechmea bracteata complex.
Hypothesis: A phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data and a morphological analysis will provide evidence to support the taxonomic recognition of A. bracteata var. pacifica as a distinct species.
Studies species: A. bracteata var. bracteata, A. bracteata var. pacifica and related species.
Study site and dates: Mexico to Northern South America; 17 populations from Southeastern and Western Mexico. Analyses were performed between 2021 and 2023.
Methods: A linear morphometric analysis was conducted with 85 herbarium specimens testing 28 quantitative and three qualitative variables. Potential diagnostic traits were reviewed in living specimens. A phylogenetic analysis was performed with two nDNA markers (ETS and g3pdh) and one cpDNA marker (trnL-F). A total of 373 records were projected into biogeographical provinces of the Neotropics.
Results: The morphometric analysis allowed to separate each variety into a group, also, nine of the evaluated traits resulted statistically significant through a univariate analysis. Five additional diagnostic traits from the inflorescence and leaves were recognized. According to nDNA both taxa present reciprocal monophyly, however, cpDNA groups A. bracteata var. pacifica with Central American species, showcasing a potential hybrid origin. Geographically, the Sierra Madre del Sur acts as a barrier between both taxa.
Conclusions: Due to the gathered evidence is possible to recognize A. bracteata var. pacifica as an endemic species to Mexico, reestablishing the basionym A. laxiflora.
Two chloroplast genomes with reduced inverted repeat regions in Mammillaria series Stylothelae (Cactaceae)
Authors: Ortiz-Brunel Juan Pablo , McKain Michael R. , Zamora-Tavares Pilar , Ruiz-Sanchez Eduardo , Sánchez Daniel , Sandoval-Padilla Isaac , MacNeill Bryan N. , Rodríguez Aarón 
Published: March 2024

Background: The chloroplast genomes of Cactaceae exhibit boundary modifications in the inverted repeat regions (IRs), gene inversions, and deletions. Among nine Mammillaria species, three distinct chloroplast structures have been identified, although not all of these correspond to the morphology-based classification of the genus.
Question: Is there a distinct chloroplast genome structure in the species of Mammillaria series Stylothelae?
Studied species: Mammillaria bocasana and M. erythrosperma.
Study site and dates: Mexico from 2019 to 2023.
Methods: Chloroplast DNA was sequenced, and chloroplast genomes were de novo assembled using the Fast-Plast program. Complete plastome sequences were annotated and verified. The sequences were aligned in MAUVE program to detect possible structural changes. A maximum likelihood phylogeny was executed to evaluate the relationships of the studied species.
Results: The plastomes ranged from 107,368 bp in Mammillaria bocasana to 108,069 bp in M. erythrosperma. Both presented a quadripartite structure and contained 108 genes. The IRs were ~ 1,600 bp long and included the genes rpl2, rpl23 (pseudo), and trnI-CAU. MAUVE identified a ~ 21 kb inversion in the large single copy containing a block of genes related to photosynthesis. The phylogenetic analysis placed both species in a single clade separated from the other species within Mammillaria subg. Mammillaria.
Conclusions: The studied species of Mammillaria series Stylothelae exhibited a different and synapomorphic chloroplast genome structure. Other Mammillaria chloroplast genome structures have evolved independently in different lineages.
Reconstruction of a Ruled Surface in 3-dimensional Euclidean Space
Authors: Dede Mustafa , Ekici Cumali , Koçak Mahmut 
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we first provide a summary of certain results related to the differential geometry of ruled surfaces. Next, we introduce the signature curve for ruled surfaces in Euclidean three-space. Additionally, we present a straightforward algorithm for the reconstruction of a ruled surface, which is both efficient and entirely local, requiring only the initial motion direction and starting point. Finally, we illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm through several examples.
Bu makalede, öncelikle regle yüzeylerin diferesiyel geometrisi ile ilgili bazı sonuçların bir özetini sunuyoruz. Daha sonra, Öklid üç uzayında regle yüzeyler için işaret eğrisini tanıtıyoruz. Ek olarak, bir regle yüzeyin yeniden yapılandırılması için hem verimli hem de tamamen yerel olan, yalnızca ilk hareket yönü ve başlangıç noktası gerektiren basit bir algoritma sunuyoruz. Son olarak, algoritmanın verimliliğini ve doğruluğunu birkaç örnekle gösteriyoruz.
The Place of Naïve Realism in Russell’s Changing Accounts of Perception
Authors: Stubenberg Leopold 
Published: March 2024

In this paper I describe the place of naive realism in Russell’s changing accounts of perception. I argue ‎for the following conclusions: (1) The early period, 1898-1910: I am inclined to think that the naïve ‎realism that Russell embraced so enthusiastically early on may not have been intended as a naïve ‎realism about perception, but as a metaphysical or semantical thesis. (2) The Problems of Philosophy ‎‎(1912): Russell abandons naïve realism (if, in fact, he ever held it) and presents a sense-datum version ‎of representative realism. (3) “On Matter” (1912): here we see Russell’s best attempt to defend ‎something very close to the standard doctrine of naïve realism. The objects of perception—the ‎‎“everyday material objects such as caterpillars and Cadillacs”—have, of course, undergone severe ‎reconstruction. But the resulting picture does capture the spirit of the doctrine. (4) The period from ‎‎1914 to 1927: though Russell’s thinking about perception underwent some significant changes during ‎this period—the sense datum theory is replaced by neutral monism—I try to show that the ‎distinction between the matter of physics and the thing of common sense is a constant feature of ‎Russell’s changing views. And I suggest that our perceptual relation the thing of common ‎sense (as logically reconstructed by Russell) can usefully be viewed as a limited sort of naïve realism. ‎‎(5) The period after 1927: the thing of common sense no longer features in Russell’s account of our ‎perceptual access to the world. The things we perceive are percepts, located in our private spaces. The ‎only material objects of which these percepts are parts are our brains. All other material objects are ‎beyond our perceptual reach and are accessible only via inference. This is the end of anything ‎resembling the traditional view of naïve realism in Russell’s account of perception. ‎
РОЗВИТОК ТУРИСТИЧНОЇ ІНДУСТРІЇ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ПОСТВОЄННОГО ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Корінь М. В. , Бойко К. А. 
Published: March 2024

У статті досліджено вплив пандемії COVID-19 та повноцінного воєнноговторгнення в Україну на сферу туристичної індустрії країни. Проаналізовано світові тенденції розвитку туристичної галузі в постковідний період. Встановлено, що відновленню сталої динаміки зростання туристичної галузі в країні в поствоєнний період сприятиме становлення такого напряму туристичної діяльності, як воєнний туризм. Відповідно до цього сформовано ключові положення Національної концепції становлення воєнного туризму в Україні, що визначає мету, об’єкти та прогресивні інструменти підтримки розвитку воєнного туризму в поствоєнний період.
PERAN UMKM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT: KAJIAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI SENTRA RENGGINANG
Authors: Alamsyah Risky , Noviani Karisma Yogi , Rahmawati Mustika , Rhesa Faiq , Sari Ulfi Andrian 
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the role that the existence of MSMEs has on community welfare in the aspect of improving the quality of community education. The focus of this research was carried out in Kluwut village, Malang Regency, East Java Province. This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. The technique used in collecting data in this research was through interviews. Data analysis by means of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research state that (1) MSMEs increase community literacy. Then (2) MSMEs play a role in improving access to public education, reducing school dropout rates, providing inspiration and opportunities for children's education in villages, empowering communities through improving skills, and reducing disparities in education.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran yang ditimbulkan dari adanya UMKM terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat dalam aspek peningkatan kualitas pendidikan masyarakat. Fokus penelitian ini dilakukan di desa kluwut, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun teknik yang di lakukan dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini melalui wawancara. Analisis data dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil dalam penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa (1) UMKM meningkatkan literasi masyarakat. Kemudian (2) UMKM berperan dalam memperbaiki akses pendidikan masyarakat, mengurangi angka putus sekolah, menjadi inspirasi dan peluang bagi pendidikan anak-anak di desa, pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui peningkatan keterampilan, serta mengurangi disparitas di dalam pendidikan.