bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential distribution of orchid bees outside their native range: The cases of Eulaema polychroma (Mocsáry) and Euglossa viridissima Friese in the USA (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Hinojosa‐Díaz Ismael A. , Feria‐Arroyo Teresa P. , Engel Michael S. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACTAim  This study aimed to evaluate the probability of suitable habitats in the USA for two adventive orchid bee species (Eulaema polychroma (Mocsáry) and Euglossa viridissima Friese), one of which has become established in southern Florida despite the absence of its associated orchid hosts.Location  North and Central America, northern South America and the Caribbean.Methods  Using positive occurrence data within the native range of both orchid bee species, Maxent species distribution modelling was employed to evaluate the probability of suitable habitats in the USA. The power of predictability for the model was tested using partitions of the data.Results  Our results show the absence of suitable habitat in southern Arizona for E. polychroma to maintain populations there, as well as establishing the northernmost limit for the species at around 29°N in north‐western Mexico. Suitable habitat was found for E. viridissima in various locations throughout southern Florida. This species is predicted to spread to occupy roughly the southern half of the Florida Peninsula.Main conclusions  The findings indicate that species distribution modelling is useful for evaluating records of species occurrence outside of their native range. Our results indicate that the isolated record of a male of E. polychroma from southern Arizona should not be considered representative of an established population in the absence of further males and females from the same region. Conversely, E. viridissima has successfully become established in south‐eastern Florida after a seemingly accidental introduction first noticed in the summer of 2003. We discuss the naturalization of E. viridissima in Florida, the probability of suitable habitat across the Caribbean (where orchid bees are otherwise natively absent today) and the absence of perfume orchids (Orchidaceae). Lastly, we discuss the implications of these results for understanding the biology and biogeography of Euglossini.
Women in the Singing Business, Women in Songs
Authors: Lagrange Frédéric 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper is part of aHistory Compassconference cluster tracing the formation of national culture in Egypt. Guest edited by Walter Armbrust, this cluster of articles was originally part of a conference in Oxford on January 12–13, 2007, organized by Walter Armbrust, Ronald Nettler, and Lucie Ryzova, and funded by the Middle East Centre (St. Antony's), The Faculty of Oriental Studies, The Khalid bin ‘Abdullah Al‐Sa’ud Professorship (Professor Clive Holes), and The Centre for Political Ideologies.The cluster is made up of the following articles:Guest Editor: Walter Armbrust‘The Formation of National Culture in Egypt in the Interwar Period: Cultural Trajectories’, Walter Armbrust,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00571.x‘Repackaging the Egyptian Monarchy: Faruq in the Public Spotlight, 1936–1939’, Matthew Ellis,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00572.x‘HowZaynabBecame the First Arabic Novel’, Elliott Colla,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00573.x‘Women in the Singing Business, Women in Songs’, Frédéric Lagrange,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00574.x‘Long Live Patriarchy: Love in the Time of ‘Abd al‐Wahhab’, Walter Armbrust,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00575.x‘Football as National Allegory:Al‐Ahramand the Olympics in 1920s Egypt’, Shaun Lopez,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00576.x‘The Professional Worldview of theEffendiHistorian’, Yoav Di‐Capua,History Compass6 (2008), 10.1111/j.1478‐0542.2008.00577.x
Football as National Allegory: Al‐Ahram and the Olympics in 1920s Egypt
Authors: Lopez Shaun 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper is part of a History Compass conference cluster tracing the formation of national culture in Egypt. Guest edited by Walter Armbrust, this cluster of articles was originally part of a conference in Oxford on January 12–13, 2007, organized by Walter Armbrust, Ronald Nettler, and Lucie Ryzova, and funded by the Middle East Centre (St. Antony's), The Faculty of Oriental Studies, The Khalid bin ‘Abdullah Al‐Sa’ud Professorship (Professor Clive Holes), and The Centre for Political Ideologies.
The Professional Worldview of the Effendi Historian
Authors: Di‐Capua Yoav 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThis paper is part of a History Compass conference cluster tracing the formation of national culture in Egypt. Guest edited by Walter Armbrust, this cluster of articles was originally part of a conference in Oxford on January 12–13, 2007, organized by Walter Armbrust, Ronald Nettler, and Lucie Ryzova, and funded by the Middle East Centre (St. Antony's), The Faculty of Oriental Studies, The Khalid bin ‘Abdullah Al‐Sa’ud Professorship (Professor Clive Holes), and The Centre for Political Ideologies.The cluster is made up of the following articles:Guest Editor: Walter Armbrust ‘The Formation of National Culture in Egypt in the Interwar Period: Cultural Trajectories’, Walter Armbrust, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00571.x‘Repackaging the Egyptian Monarchy: Faruq in the Public Spotlight, 1936–1939’, Matthew Ellis, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00572.x‘How Zaynab Became the First Arabic Novel’, Elliott Colla, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00573.x‘Women in the Singing Business, Women in Songs’, Frédéric Lagrange, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00574.x‘Long Live Patriarchy: Love in the Time of ‘Abd al‐Wahhab’, Walter Armbrust, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00575.x‘Football as National Allegory: Al‐Ahram and the Olympics in 1920s Egypt’, Shaun Lopez, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00576.x‘The Professional Worldview of the Effendi Historian’, Yoav Di‐Capua, History Compass 6 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00577.x
The Use of an Approved Biodegradable Polymer Scaffold as a Solid Support System for Improvement of Islet Engraftment
Authors: Kin Tatsuya , O'Neil John J. , Pawlick Rena , Korbutt Gregory S. , Shapiro A.M. James , Lakey Jonathan R.T. 
Published: December 2008

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of a medically approved biodegradable scaffold as a solid support system would enhance graft survival following transplantation into the omental pouch in a preclinical large animal model. Six beagle dogs underwent total pancreatectomy followed by islet autotransplantation into the omental pouch. Four dogs received islets seeded in a biodegradable polymer scaffold and two received free islets without a scaffold. All four animals that received islets in the scaffold became normoglycemic without exogeneous insulin injection. One dog, transplanted with the largest number of islets, maintained a normal metabolic state until the graft was removed at 5 months posttransplant. In two out of the three that received a marginal islet mass, insulin independence was sustained up to 2 months. In contrast, two dogs transplanted with a similar marginal mass without the scaffold never became normoglycemic. Histological examination of the grafts in the scaffold showed numerous well‐granulated, insulin‐containing cells as well as glucagon‐positive cells. These results indicate that biodegradable scaffolds may enhance survival and function of islet grafts. Manipulation of the microenvironment of transplanted islets may constitute the basis for new approaches to enhance islet engraftment.
Identification of an optimal concentration of platelet gel for promoting angiogenesis in human endothelial cells
Authors: Giusti Ilaria , Rughetti Anna , D'Ascenzo Sandra , Millimaggi Danilo , Pavan Antonio , Dell'Orso Luigi , Dolo Vincenza 
Published: December 2008

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have supported the use of topical blood components to improve wound healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet gel (PG), a hemocomponent obtained from mix of activated platelets (PLTs) and cryoprecipitate, is currently being used clinically in an attempt to improve tissue healing. The present study sought to define the most effective PG concentration to promote angiogenesis in vitro.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The effects of PG‐released supernatant at different concentrations on human endothelial cells were studied using different in vitro assays (proliferation, migration, invasion, cord formation, and wound healing).RESULTS: The concentration of PG‐released supernatant had a significant influence on the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells. The optimal concentration for the stimulation of angiogenesis was 1.5 × 106 PLTs per µL in most of the in vitro experiments used in this study. Lower or higher concentrations of PG displayed a lower angiogenic potential.CONCLUSION: An optimal concentration of PG to promote angiogenesis in human endothelial cells was identified. Excessively high PG concentrations may inhibit the angiogenic process, thereby being counterproductive for wound healing in a clinical setting.
Comparison of Time‐Domain Short‐Term Heart Interval Variability Analysis Using a Wrist‐Worn Heart Rate Monitor and the Conventional Electrocardiogram
Authors: PORTO LUIZ GUILHERME GROSSI , JUNQUEIRA Jr LUIZ F. 
Published: December 2008

Background: Wrist‐worn heart rate monitors have not been extensively validated for heart rate variability analysis. The purpose of this study was to compare time‐domain variability of heart interval series (R‐Ri) recorded by the Polar S810 monitor (Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) and the conventional electrocardiogram (ECG).
Methods: Agreement was verified between variability indices of 5‐minute R‐Ri simultaneously recorded by both devices and processed by unique software, from 33 subjects aged 18 to 42 years, normal or with different clinical conditions, in rest supine and active standing. ECG minus Polar differences were quantified by the Bland‐Altman analysis, and tested by the one‐sample t‐test or Wilcoxon test.
Results: In the supine position, the Polar overestimates (P < 0.0001) the absolute and percentage mean or median of the number (−2.00; −0.49%) and mean of R‐Ri (–1.85 ms; –0.20%) and pNN50 (−2.20%; −8.68%), and underestimates the standard deviation (SDNN) (0.32 ms; 0.59%) (P = 0.08; P = 0.02) and root mean square successive difference (RMSSD) (0.90 ms; 1.56%) (P = 0.0008; P < 0.0001). The coefficient of variation (CV) showed null difference. On standing, differences were overestimated for the number (−2.61 intervals; −0.64%) and mean of R‐Ri (−0.70 ms; −0.09%), and underestimated for rMSSD (1.70 ms; 10.84%) (P < 0.0001 to < 0.02). The SDNN, CV, and pNN50 indices did not show differences (P = 0.12 to 0.73).
Conclusions: The Polar S810 monitor was feasible and reliable for recording short‐term R‐R interval series, showing excellent agreement with the ECG in providing the time‐domain indexes of heart interval variability with differences functionally not relevant. The CV showed the higher agreement in both postures, and the SDNN and pNN50 in the standing posture.
ECG Leads I and II to Evaluate Diuresis of Patients with Congestive Heart Failure Admitted to the Hospital via the Emergency Department
Authors: LUMLERTGUL SUTHAPORN , CHENTHANAKIJ BORIBOON , MADIAS JOHN E. 
Published: December 2008

Background: Attenuation of electrocardiogram (ECG) QRS complexes is observed in patients with a variety of illnesses and peripheral edema (PERED), and augmentation with alleviation of PERED. Serial ECGs in stable individuals display variation in the amplitude of QRS complexes in leads V1–V6, stemming from careless placement of recording electrodes on the chestwall. Electrocardiographs record only leads I and II, and mathematically derive the other four limb leads in real time. This study evaluated the sum of the amplitudes of ECG leads I and II, along with other sets of ECG leads in the monitoring of diuresis in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).
Methods: Twenty patients with CHF had ECGs and weights recorded on admission and at discharge. The amplitude of the QRS complexes in all ECG leads were measured and sums of I and II, all limb leads, V1–V6, and all 12 leads were calculated.
Results: There was a good correlation between the weight loss and the increase in the sums of the amplitudes of the QRS complexes from leads I and II (r = 0.55, P = 0.012), and the six limb leads (r = 0.68, P = 0.001), but a poor correlation with the V1–V6 leads (r = 0.04, P = 0.85) and all 12 leads (r = 0.1, P = 0.40).
Conclusions: Sums of the amplitudes of the ECG QRS complexes from leads I and II constitute a reliable, easily obtainable, ubiquitously available, bedside clinical index, which can be employed in the diagnosis, monitoring of management, and follow‐up of patients with CHF.
Atrial Flutter with Spontaneous 1:1 Atrioventricular Conduction in Adults: An Uncommon but Frequently Missed Cause for Syncope/Presyncope
Authors: TURITTO GIOIA , AKHRASS PHILIPPE , LEONARDI MARINO , SAPONIERI CESARE , SETTE ANTONELLA , EL‐SHERIF NABIL 
Published: December 2008

Aims: To compare patients with atrial flutter (AFl) and 1:1 atrioventricular conduction (AVC) with patients with AFl and higher AVC.
Methods: The characteristics of 19 patients with AFl and 1:1 AVC (group A) were compared with those of 116 consecutive patients with AFl and 2:1 AVC or higher degree AV block (group B).
Results: Age, gender, and left ventricular function were similar in the two groups. In group A versus group B, more patients had no structural heart disease (42% vs 17%, P < 0.05) and syncope/presyncope (90% vs 12%, P < 0.05). The AFl cycle length (CL) in group A was longer than in group B (265 ± 24 ms vs 241 ± 26 ms, P < 0.01). The transition from AFl with 1:1 to 2:1 AVC or vice versa was associated with small but definite changes in AFl CL, which showed larger variations in response to sympathetic stimulation. In group A patients who were studied off drugs, the atrial‐His interval was not different from group B, but maximal atrial pacing rate with 1:1 AVC was faster. In group A, five patients were misdiagnosed as ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and three with a defibrillator received inappropriate shocks. Four patients had ablation of AVC and six had ablation of AFl circuit.
Conclusions: The main difference between groups A and B may be an inherent capacity of the AV node for faster conduction, especially in response to increased sympathetic tone. The latter affects not only AVC but also the AFl CL. One should be aware of the different presentations of AFl with 1:1 AVC to avoid misdiagnosis/mismanagement and to consider the diagnosis in patients with narrow or wide QRS tachycardia and rates above 220/min.
THERMAL BEHAVIOR PREDICTION OF FOOD PARTICULATES UNDER AMBIENT AND CRYOGENIC CONDITIONS
Authors: SRIDHAR B.S. , MANOHAR B. , SOMMER K. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT This article describes experiments to quantitatively characterize the thermal effects of solid food particulates in terms of temperature increment as a function of particle size under ambient and cryogenic conditions using turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) as a model material. The log‐normal function was used to characterize the thermal behavior. Cylindrical specimens of turmeric were impacted diametrally, and the resulting particle size distributions and cumulative volume fraction were measured by computerized inspection particle size analyzer. The various model parameters estimated under the said conditions, such as surface‐volume ratio, energy density and combined strength parameter, were found to be in the range of 3.5 × 103–1.14 × 106 (m−1), 2.4 × 105–6.6 × 107 J/m3 and 174.1–229.5 J/m2, respectively. The temperature change ΔT (C) was calculated in terms of log‐normal parameters and material properties such as the specific heat and local energy density. The calculated ΔT was plotted as a function of size of particles. Local temperature rise up to 114.5 and 67.2C was found for the particle size of 12 µm or lower for ambient and cryogenic conditions, respectively. A novel mathematical model has been proposed to correlate the size distributions of solid particles under fracture to the temperature changes.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSDuring the size reduction of solid food materials, intensive energy degradation into heat takes place during fracture before resulting into fragments. Because fracture is a rate process with random fluctuation of stresses, the thermal effects cannot be calculated from classical approaches. The article describes a novel approach to quantitatively characterize the thermal effects of solid food particulates in terms of temperature change as a function of particle size under different treatment conditions. These characterizations can serve as a principled basis for modeling effects in a field where classical approaches are not applicable. The proposed approach can also be extended to nanoparticle and molecular characterization, which otherwise necessitates the usage of expensive instrumentation and also in biological processing such as in cancer research wherein if the cell size and its material properties are known, it may be possible to control the temperature induced during cell division.
DEFINING STILL PARAMETERS USING CHEMCAD BATCH DISTILLATION MODEL FOR MODELING FRUIT SPIRITS DISTILLATIONS
Authors: CLAUS MICHAEL J. , BERGLUND KRIS A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT Fruit spirits production has always been and continues to be heavily dependent upon the sensory evaluation of the distillate by the distiller. Sensory fatigue can lead to many problems of analysis for the distiller during production. As such, it is desirable to have a method of analysis that is not heavily dependent upon the senses of the distiller. Modeling of the distillation process is difficult because of the number of components present in the fruit mash and distillate, as well as because of the constantly changing thermodynamic interactions present on each tray as a result of the batch distillation process. This paper identifies a method for identifying the still parameters needed to perform predictive modeling. This involves setting a distillate flow rate and reflux ratio, as well as time or volume cutoff frames of analysis. After identifying the still characteristics, it is possible to model the distillation using the CHEMCAD batch distillation program. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSUtilizing computer modeling in distilled spirits production has the potential to improve quality control and reduce errors in the distillation process.
SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE SELECTIVITY TO FRACTIONATE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM THE DRY ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PROPOLIS
Authors: PAVIANI LOSIANE C. , DARIVA CLAUDIO , MARCUCCI MARIA C. , CABRAL FERNANDO A. 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT The global yield and composition of extracts obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) extraction from a dry ethanolic extract of propolis were measured in order to determine the possibility of using SC‐CO2 to fractionate components of interest present in these extracts. The global yield extraction was measured, and also the concentrations of the following phenolic compounds in the resulting supercritical fluid extracts (SFEs): 3,5‐diprenyl‐4‐hydroxycinnamic acid (known as artepillin C), 3‐prenyl‐4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid (p‐coumaric acid) and 4‐methoxy‐3,5,7‐trihydroxyflavone (kaempferide), of which artepillin C was the target component of greatest interest. The results showed extraction yields between 3.82 (at 150 bar) and 13.07% (at 350 bar), which could be highly correlated with the density of the SC‐CO2 at a constant temperature of 60C. The resulting concentrations in the SFE indicated that the selectivity of the carbon dioxide could be manipulated, and it was more selective at lower pressures, although with lower extraction yields.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSupercritical fluid extraction is an interesting process for the production of natural extracts because it is a clean process, and extractions using carbon dioxide (CO2) as the solvent have been gaining attention in recent years. This study presented important aspects with respect to the fractionation of a dry ethanolic extract of propolis using supercritical carbon dioxide, and it is important to explore the potential applications of propolis extracts and the biological properties of its fractions in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, such as in dental hygiene products, wound healing creams and antibacterial soaps.
Do Children in Rural Areas Still Have Different Access to Health Care? Results from a Statewide Survey of Oregon's Food Stamp Population
Authors: DeVoe Jennifer E. , Krois Lisa , Stenger Rob 
Published: December 2008

ABSTRACT:
Purpose: To determine if rural residence is independently associated with different access to health care services for children eligible for public health insurance. Methods: We conducted a mail‐return survey of 10,175 families randomly selected from Oregon's food stamp population (46% rural and 54% urban). With a response rate of 31%, we used a raking ratio estimation process to weight results back to the overall food stamp population. We examined associations between rural residence and access to health care (adjusting for child's age, child's race/ethnicity, household income, parental employment, and parental and child's insurance type). A second logistic regression model controlled for child's special health care needs. Findings: Compared with urban children (reference = 1.00), rural children were more likely to have unmet medical care needs (odds ratio [OR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07‐2.04), problems getting dental care (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03‐1.79), and at least one emergency department visit in the past year (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.10‐1.81). After adjusting for special health care needs (more prevalent among rural children), there was no rural‐urban difference in unmet medical needs, but physician visits were more likely among rural children. There were no statistically significant differences in unmet prescription needs, delayed urgent care, or having a usual source of care. Conclusions: These findings suggest that access disparities between rural and urban low‐income children persist, even after adjusting for health insurance. Coupled with continued expansions in children's health insurance coverage, targeted policy interventions are needed to ensure the availability of health care services for children in rural areas, especially those with special needs.