bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photolysis of p-Phenylenebis(chlorodiazirine), Studied by Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy. Generation, Detection and Characterization of p-Phenylenebis(chloromethylene)
Authors: Tomioka Hideo , Komatsu Kazunori , Nakayama Takehito , Shimizu Masayoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Photolysis of the title bis-diazirine matrix-isolated in Ar at 10 K monitored by IR and UV/vis spectroscopy indicated that the diazirine underwent stepwise elimination of N2 to produce 3-(4-chlorocarbenophenyl)-3-chlorodiazirine which then eliminated the second N2 to generate para-phenylenebis(chloromethylene). The structure of the bis-carbene was discussed based on the spectroscopic data as well as the semiempirical theoretical calculations.
Synthesis of 2′(3′)-O-Aminoacyl-pdCpA Carrying a Photofunctional Nonnatural Amino Acid
Authors: Niinomi Takaaki , Sisido Masahiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A mixed dinucleotide pdCpA, was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic as well as enzymic analysis. The dinucleotide was acylated with an N-protected nonnatural amino acid (Boc-azoAla). The acylation was found to occur at the 2′(3′)-O position exclusively.
Photo-response of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ / BrO3− / H+ System in a Continuous-Flow Stirred Tank Reactor
Authors: Sekiguchi Tetsuo , Mori Yoshihito , Hanazaki Ichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Effect of photo-irradiation on the autocatalytic oxidation of [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2 by acidic bromate has been investigated in a continuous-flow stirred tank reactor. The photo-induced bifurcation structure and phase diagram have been determined. It is shown that, for a certain range of the bromate concentration, the photo-irradiation can either promote or inhibit the autocatalytic oxidation of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ depending on the irradiation light power.
Single Exponential Decay for the Luminescence Intensity of Ru(bpy)32+ Complex in Langmuir-Blodgett Films
Authors: Kondo Toshihiro , Yanagisawa Masahiro , Fujihira Masamichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The luminescence decay curves of Ru(bpy)32+ in Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were often fitted by multiexponential functions whereas those in homogeneous solutions by a single exponential one. Responsible conditions in the LB film preparation for the luminescence decay kinetics were examined. The single exponential decay was observed when the film was prepared in a clean atmosphere and photooxidation of the LB films was avoided.
Synthesis of 4-Aminomethyl-5-ethoxy-3-[(4-vinyl) benzyloxy]pyridine and Its Polymeric Derivatives Planned as Selective Inhibitors of Enzymes
Authors: Bertini Vincenzo , Pocci Marco , Lucchesini Francesco , Munno Angela De , Picci Nevio , Iemma Francesca 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The synthesis of the new monomer 4-aminomethyl-5-ethoxy-3-[(4-vinyl)benzyloxy]pyridine and its hydrochloride derivative together with their radical homo- and copolymerization to afford the first examples of macromolecular systems planned as selective inhibitors of copper-containing amine oxidases are described.
Multielectron Excitation Structures in X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectra of Bromide Ion in Tetra-n-Propylammonium Salt and Solutions
Authors: Tanida Hajime , Sakane Hideto , Watanabe Iwao , Yokoyama Yu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Strong multielectron excitation structures (MEES) in the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) region have been observed in Br K-edge absorption spectra of tetra-n-propylammonium bromide and bromide ion in aqueous and acetonitrile solutions. The MEES were extracted from the background of EXAFS spectra. The positions of steps due to MEES are well predicted by the Z+1 approximation.
Syntheses and Complexing Behavior of New Fluorescent Reagents for Alkaline Earth Metal Ions
Authors: Kakizawa Yusuke , Akita Takahiro , Nakamura Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A new fluorescent reagent (1) which has two anthracene moieties at both terminals of linear polyether was synthesized, and the complexation behavior of 1 with alkaline earth metal ions was investigated. At the complexation with the metal ions, the fluorescence spectrum of 1 changed from that of monomer to dimer of anthracene. 1 formed both 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes with alkaline earth metal ions, and the complex formation was selective to Ca2+.
Synthesis, Properties, and Reactions of Hexasilyl-3,3′-bicyclopropenyls and Related Compounds
Authors: Sakamoto Kenkichi , Saeki Takuya , Sakurai Hideki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Silylation of tetrachlorocyclopropene with trialkylchlorosilanes and magnesium in the presence of HMPA gave hexasilyl-3,3′-bicyclopropenyls or conjugated polymers containing both silylcyclopropene and silylallene moieties. Some reactions of these compounds were described.
A Synthesis of Novel Polyamine Macrocycles with Organosilyl Groups
Authors: Nagasaki Yukio , Honzawa Eiichi , Kato Masao , Kataoka Kazunori , Tsuruta Teiji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Polyamine macrocycles having organosilicon moieties were synthesized through new addition reaction of lithium alkylamide toward vinylsilane derivatives. 6-Ethyl-3,3-dimethyl-3-sila-6,9-diazaundecane in the presence of lithium alkylamide took place polyaddition reactions, consisting of diamine and organosilicon units alternatively. By increasing possibilities of intramolecular nucleophilic attack, the 9- and 18-membered polyamine macrocycles with organosilicon moieties were obtained in good yield.
Use of pH-Sensitive ISFETs as Sensors for pH in Nonaqueous Solutions and for Proton Solvation
Authors: Izutsu Kosuke , Nakamura Toshio , Hiraoka Satoshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Ta2O5– and Si3N4–type pH–sensitive ISFETs were found to respond almost in Nernstian ways to the pH in nonaqueous solutions and to the transfer activity coefficients of proton between different solvents. They responded much faster than the conventional glass electrode. This is of practical importance, because the response of the glass electrodes is unpractically slow in some nonaqueous solutions.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 2-Isoxazolines via Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrile Oxide to Achiral Allyl Alcohol
Authors: Ukaji Yutaka , Sada Kazunori , Inomata Katsuhiko 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a nitrile oxide to an achiral allyl alcohol was achieved by the use of (R,R)-diisopropyl tartrate as a chiral auxiliary. Treatment of the allyl alcohol with diethylzinc and the tartrate, followed by the addition of diethylzinc and a hydroximoyl chloride, afforded the corresponding (R)-2-isoxazolines with excellent enantioselectivity.
FT-IR Study of the Beckmann Rearrangement over Pentasil-type Zeolite
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Hirose Ken-ichi , Nakamura Yasuo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the FT-IR spectra of adsorbed cyclohexanone oxime on pentasil zeolite revealed that the rearrangement to ε-caprolactam takes place at 100 °C, a higher temperature is necessary for its desorption, and a high selectivity over high silicious zeolite is attributable to its low acidity for both smooth rearrangement and smooth desorption. A neutral silanol is proposed to be an active site.
Gorgiabisazulene and Gorgiagallylazulene, Two New Guaiazulenoid Pigments from a Gorgonian Acalycigorgia sp.
Authors: Ochi Masamitsu , Kataoka Kumi , Tatsukawa Akira , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo , Shibata Kozo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Two new condensed guaiazulenoid pigments, gorgiabisazulene and gorgiagallylazulene, have been isolated from a gorgonian Acalycigorgia sp. and their structures have been established on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence.
Allyl C-Glycosidation of Glycals Mediated by 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ)
Authors: Toshima Kazunobu , Ishizuka Toru , Matsuo Goh , Nakata Masaya 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A novel and highly stereoselective method for the synthesis of allyl C-glycosides bearing C2-C3 unsaturation has been developed using glycal acetate, allyltrimethylsilane and 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) as a neutral activator.
Polypeptide Liposome by Spontaneous Condensation in Bilayer Membranes
Authors: Nishikawa Naoyuki , Arai Masao , Ono Mitsunori , Itoh Isamu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A novel glycerophospholipid having a tripeptide propargyl ester as a head group was synthesized. Polycondensation of the peptide lipid occurred spontaneously in bilayer membranes, resulting in a liposome covered by polypeptide chains consisting of about 20 amino acids.
Ionic Conductivity Induced by Photooxidation of Ferrocene in Polymer Film Containing Organotin Compound
Authors: Fujinami Tatsuo , Kawahara Nobuo , Sakai Shizuyoshi , Ogita Masami 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Ionic conductivity of poly(ethyl methacrylate) film containing photooxidizable dibutylferrocene and bromotributylstannane was induced by UV light irradiation in contact with the anion-conducting polymer film containing a cobaltocemum salt. The enhanced ionic conductivity decreased in the dark.
Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Catalyzed by Silica-Alumina Supported Anionic Molybdenum Carbonyl Complexes
Authors: Ishihara Atsushi , Shirouchi Kenji , Kabe Toshiaki 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
In hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT), the catalysts prepared from silica-alumina supported molybdenum compounds showed higher yields of biphenyl, cyclohexylbenzene and bicyclohexyl than conventional sulfided molybdena-alumina. Specifically, the catalysts derived from silica-alumina supported anionic molybdenum carbonyls gave the highest yields among silica-alumina supported ones.
Syntheses and Solution Behavior of Antitumor Active Platinum Blue Compounds with Glutarimidate or 3,3-Dimethylglutarimidate Bridging Ligand
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuko , Matsunami Jun , Urata Hiroshi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Two antitumor active platinum blue compounds have been synthesized and the crystal structure is reported. The solution behavior as studied with NMR spectroscopy is discussed in relation to the antitumor activities.
The Photolysis of 4,4′-Diazidobiphenyl in Rigid Matrices at Low-Temperature
Authors: Ohana Tsuguyori , Kaise Masahiro , Nimura Shigeaki , Kikuchi Osamu , Yabe Akira 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The photolysis of 4,4′-diazidobiphenyl in an organic glassy solvent at low-temperature was investigated by ESR and UV-vis spectroscopies. Two structures of biphenyldinitrene as photoproducts were identified: the twisted biphenyldinitrene and the quinonoid structure. The two nitreno groups of twisted biphenyl were each in the triplet state.
Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide with Hydrocarbons over SnO2 Catalyst
Authors: Teraoka Yasutake , Harada Tomohiro , Iwasaki Takuya , Ikeda Takashi , Kagawa Shuichi 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
SnO2 showed catalytic activity for the selective reduction of NO with hydrocarbons (C2H4, C3H8, and CH4) in the presence of excess oxygen, and the activity was not so much decreased even after heat treatments in dry air at 900 °C as well as in humid air at 800 °C. These results show that SnO2 is an active and stable catalyst for the reaction.
Rate Correlation of Photoinduced Electron Transfer to C70
Authors: Osaki Toshihiko , Tai Yutaka , Tazawa Masato , Tanemura Sakae , Inukai Keiichi , Ishiguro Katsuya , Sawaki Yasuhiko , Saito Yahachi , Shinohara Hisanori , Nagashima Hideo 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Quenching rate constants (kq) of triplet C70 by electron donors have been measured by laser flash spectroscopy in benzonitrile and in acetonitrile-benzene (1 : 4). A plot of kq values versus free energy change for the electron transfer to 3C70 gives a fairly good correlation with rate constants calculated from the Rehm-Weller equation if corrected the diffusion-controlled rates in solvents used.
New Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Materials with a Cutoff Wavelength of 350 nm. 3-Benzylidene-d-camphor Derivatives
Authors: Kawamata Jun , Inoue Kuon 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
A series of 3-benzylidene-d-camphor derivatives has been synthesized in order to examine the second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency along with the transparent wavelength region. Through reflection powder measurement, 3-cinnamylidene-d-camphor having a cutoff wavelength of 350 nm, shows the efficiency 10 times as large as that of urea.
Lewis Acid-Induced Reactions of γ-Trialkylstannyl Ketones. Cyclization, Carbon-Carbon Bond Cleavage, and 1,5-Hydride Shift
Authors: Sato Tadashi , Tachibana Kazutaka , Kawase Akira , Hirose Tomokazu 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
γ-Trialkylstannyl ketones underwent cyclobutanation, C-C bond cleavage, or 1,5-hydride shift, depending upon the substitution pattern of the substrates.
Binding of Heme to Sperm Whale Myoglobin-(57–96)-Tetracontapeptide
Authors: Hashimoto Chikao , Muramatsu Ichiro 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
The binding of heme to sperm whale myoglobin-(57–96)-tetracontapeptide (1) was investigated. The appearance of a peak at 414 nm in the difference spectrum between a 1–heme mixture and heme indicated the formation of a complex. The circular dichroism spectrum of the mixture showed that an α-helical structure is induced and stabilized by the formation of the complex.
Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation in Multi-electron Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by [Ru(bpy)(trpy)(CO)]2+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; trpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine)
Authors: Nagao Hirotaka , Mizukawa Tetsunori , Tanaka Koji 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Controlled potential electrolysis of [Ru(bpy)(trpy)(CO)]2+ (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; trpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) at −1.70 V vs. Ag|Ag+ in CO2-saturated C2H5OH/H2O (8:2v/v) at −20 °C produced not only HCOOH and CO but also HC(O)H, CH3OH, H(O)CCOOH, and HOCH2COOH.
Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Impact on Adherence to Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
Authors: Kalsekar Iftekhar D , Madhavan Suresh S , Amonkar Mayur M , Makela Eugene H , Scott Virginia G , Douglas Stratford M , Elswick Betsy L Meredith 
Published: March 2006

Background: Adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) is important for adequate glycemic control and prevention of future complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Objective: To examine the impact of depression on adherence to OHAs in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes during a 4 year period were identified from a Medicaid claims database. Presence of preexisting depression was determined on the basis of ICD-9-CM codes. Adherence to OHAs was computed using prescription refill data for a 12 month follow-up period from the date of the index OHA prescription. Two separate adherence indices (Medication Possession Ratio-1 [MPR-1], Medication Possession Ratio-2 [MPR-2]) were computed. The impact of depression on adherence was assessed after controlling for confounders such as demographics, comorbidity, provider interaction, complexity of regimen, and diabetes severity. Results: A total of 1326 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were identified (depressed = 471; nondepressed = 855). Results of the study indicated that patients with depression had significantly lower adherence (MPR-1 86%; MPR-2 66%) to OHAs compared with patients without depression (MPR-1 89%; MPR-2 73%). Multivariate results indicated that depression was a significant predictor of adherence, with depressed patients being 3–6% less adherent to OHAs than nondepressed patients, after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusions: Depression significantly impacts adherence to OHAs in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study results imply that depression screening and treatment need to be included in the protocol for management of patients with type 2 diabetes.
p190-RhoGAP as an integral component of the Tiam1/Rac1-induced downregulation of Rho
Authors: Herbrand Ulrike , Reza Ahmadian Mohammad 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe Rho family of small GTPases plays a central role in intracellular signal transduction, particularly in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Rho activity induces cell contractility, whereas Rac promotes cellular protrusion, which counteracts Rho signaling. In this regard, the reciprocal balance between these GTPases determines cell morphology and migratory behavior. Here we demonstrate that Tiam1/Rac1 signaling is able to antagonize Rho activity directly at the GTPase level in COS-7 cells. p190-RhoGAP plays a central regulatory role in this signaling pathway. Interfering with its activation by Src-kinase-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation or its recruitment to the membrane through interaction with the SH2 domains of p120-RasGAP blocks the Tiam1-mediated rapid downregulation of Rho. This process is mediated by Rac1, but not by Rac2 or Rac3 isoforms. Our data provide evidence for a biochemical pathway of the reciprocal regulation of two related small GTPases, which are key elements in cell migration.
Wie egalitär sollte eine Theorie der Verteilungsgerechtigkeit sein?
Authors: Wildt Andreas 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Der Aufsatz greift ein in eine Grundsatzdebatte, die in jüngster Zeit ins Zentrum der politischen Philosophie gerückt ist: Es geht um den Status des Egalitarismus in der Theorie der Verteilungsgerechtigkeit. Der Autor argumentiert, dass soziale Chancengleichheit ein unreduzierbarer Standard der Verteilungsgerechtigkeit sei, und nimmt dabei die Egalitaristen gegen die Non-Egalitaristen in Schutz. Defizite sieht er jedoch auch bei den Egalitaristen, die den Begriff der Gleichheit oft redundant verwendeten. Gegen Vertreter beider Parteien macht der Autor geltend, dass der wichtigste normative Gesichtspunkt zur Einschränkung von Ungleichheit nicht die Gleichheit, sondern die Optimierung für jeden und vor allem die besondere Berücksichtigung der sozial Schwachen ist.
Dynamisches System für die Aufnahme und optische Rekonstruktion von digitalen Hologrammen (Dynamical System for Recording and Optical Reconstruction of Digital Holograms)
Authors: Wernicke Günther , Gruber Hartmut , Dürr Matthias , Krüger Sven , Langner Andreas 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Ein System zur Aufnahme und Rekonstruktion von digitalen Hologrammen mit digitaler Bearbeitung der Hologrammdaten wird gezeigt. Daten von einer CCD-Kamera werden in den PC eingelesen und von diesem auf den Lichtmodulator gegeben. Damit wird ein Analog-Digital-Konverter (Hologrammaufnahme) und ein Digital-Analog-Konverter (optische Hologrammrekonstruktion) realisiert.
Charakterisierung von Flüssigkristalllichtmodulatoren für die Rekonstruktion digitaler Hologramme (Investigation and Qualification of Spatial Light Modulators for the Reconstruction of Digital Holograms)
Authors: Kohler Christian , Schwab Xavier , Osten Wolfgang , Baumbach Torsten 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Für die digitale Holografie (DH) und die vergleichende digitale Holografie (CDH) werden computeradressierbare Modulatoren zur Hologrammrekonstruktion benötigt. Um qualitativ hochwertige Hologramme mit hoher Beugungseffizienz rekonstruieren zu können, müssen die Eigenschaften der Modulatoren genau bekannt sein. Dies macht eine Charakterisierung der Modulatoren im Hinblick auf Amplitudenmodulation, Phasenmodulation, Beugungseffizienz und Oberflächentopografie notwendig.
Digital Holographic Microscopy for Comparative Metrology in Micro-Optics and MOEMs (Digitale holografische Mikroskopie für vergleichende Messungen von mikro-optischen Komponenten und MOEMs)
Authors: Depeursinge Christian , Charrière Florian , Montfort Frédéric 
Published: March 2006

Summary
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an imaging technique, which can be applied to the visualisation and metrology of microscopic objects. It has been established in the frame of the DISCO project that DHM can be considered as an efficient method for direct comparison of the shape or deformations of two objects. “Comparison DHM” allows a straight comparison with a gauge provided by a manufacturer or customer. The phase subtraction between ideal and actual wavefront of the object provides data equivalent to those given by a Twyman–Green or a Mach–Zehnder interferometer.
Analysis of One-Sided Marker Segregation Patterns Resulting From Mammalian Gene Targeting
Authors: McCulloch Richard D , Baker Mark D 
Published: March 2006

AbstractThe double-strand break repair (DSBR) model is currently accepted as the paradigm for acts of double-strand break (DSB) repair that lead to crossing over between homologous sequences. The DSBR model predicts that asymmetric heteroduplex DNA (hDNA) will form on both sides of the DSB (two-sided events; 5:3/5:3 segregation). In contrast, in yeast and mammalian cells, a considerable fraction of recombinants are one sided: they display full conversion (6:2 segregation) or half-conversion (5:3 segregation) on one side of the DSB together with normal 4:4 segregation on the other side of the DSB. Two mechanisms have been proposed to account for these observations: (i) hDNA formation is restricted to one side of the DSB or the other, and (ii) recombination is initially two sided, but hDNA repair directed by Holliday junction cuts restores normal 4:4 segregation on that side of the DSB in which the mismatch is closest to the cut junction initiating repair. In this study, we exploited a well-characterized gene-targeting assay to test the predictions that these mechanisms make with respect to the frequency of recombinants displaying 4:4 marker segregation on one side of the DSB. Unexpectedly, the results do not support the predictions of either mechanism. We propose a derivation of mechanism (ii) in which the nicks arising from Holliday junction cleavage are not equivalent with respect to directing repair of adjacent hDNA, possibly as a result of asynchronous cleavage of the DSBR intermediate.
Management of Physiological Stress in Finfish Aquaculture
Authors: Davis Kenneth B 
Published: March 2006

Abstract
Physiological stress is a nonspecific response common to all vertebrate organisms initiated by many types of environmental changes. Stress in fish can be characterized by physiological changes such as plasma cortisol, glucose, lactate, and electrolyte concentrations and is quantitatively related to the severity and longevity of the stressor. A hierarchy is evident among the physiological changes, such that adrenalin from activation of the sympathetic nervous system is released most rapidly, followed by cortisol, and then glucose. Plasma electrolyte disturbances may not occur until the stress is severe and present for an extended time. Adrenalin increases plasma glucose by stimulating liver glycogenolysis, which represents a metabolic energy cost to the fish. The functions of cortisol include possible induction of gluconeogenesis and suppression of the inflammatory response. Maintaining osmoregulatory homeostasis is an energetically expensive process, and disturbances deplete energy reserves. Recent experiments have shown the importance of distinguishing between acute and chronic responses to stress. Acute responses to stressors may be beneficial to the fish and extend their normal adaptive ability, whereas chronic exposure to stressful conditions may result in decreased performance or survival. The physiological stress response in fish culture has been shown to be altered by hatchery conditions and genetic selection. Management practices and selection pressures affect the stress response, which requires that the ultimate use of the fish be considered during rearing. Commercial food fish aquaculture, which involves rearing fish at very high densities, requires minimizing stressors such as water-quality deterioration, disease treatment, and handling to maintain healthy growing fish. Fish raised for stocking into the wild might benefit from a more robust stress response to prepare them for survival in a natural environment. Present information does not allow for the selection of the most desirable stress response profile that would benefit fish reared for different purposes.