bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of Pteridic Acids A (I) and B (II).
Authors: Nakahata Takashi , Fujimura Shohei , Kuwahara Shigefumi 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Total Syntheses of Daldiniapyrone, Annularin B, and (.+‐.)‐Annularin F.
Authors: Kurdyumov Aleksey V. , Munoz R. Lizeth P. , Hsung Richard P. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereochemical Revision of Communiols D and H Through Synthesis.
Authors: Enomoto Masaru , Nakahata Takashi , Kuwahara Shigefumi 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Biosynthesis of the Angiogenesis Inhibitor Borrelidin: Directed Biosynthesis of Novel Analogues.
Authors: Wilkinson Barrie , et al. et al. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Strain‐Free Sextet‐Resonant Benzenoids and Their Antisextet Dualists.
Authors: Balaban Alexandru T. , Schmalz Thomas G. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Structural Analogue Approach to the Prediction of the Octanol—Water Partition Coefficient.
Authors: Sedykh Aleksandr Y. , Klopman Gilles 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Supervised Feature Ranking Using a Genetic Algorithm Optimized Artificial Neural Network.
Authors: Lin Thy‐Hou , Chiu Shih‐Hau , Tsai Keng‐Chang 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Are Deterministic Expert Systems for Computer‐Assisted Structure Elucidation Obsolete?
Authors: Elyashberg Mikhail E. , Blinov Kirill A. , Williams Antony J. , Molodtsov Sergey G. , Martin Gary E. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Steroids QSAR Approach Based on Approximate Similarity Measurements.
Authors: Cuadrado Manuel Urbano , Ruiz Irene Luque , Gomez‐Nieto Miguel Angel 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Predictive CoMFA and CoMSIA Models for Two Series of Stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3) Inhibitors Elucidate S1′ and S1—S2′ Binding Modes.
Authors: Amin Elizabeth A. , Welsh William J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Ligand Coordinate Analysis of SC‐558 from the Active Site to the Surface of COX‐2: A Molecular Dynamics Study.
Authors: Ram K. V. V. M. Sai , Rambabu G. , Sarma J. A. R. P. , Desiraju G. R. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Pyrazolyl‐Functionalized 2‐Methylimidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids and Their Palladium(II) Complexes as Recyclable Catalysts.
Authors: Wang Ruihu , Piekarski Melissa M. , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Oxide‐ and Zeolite‐Supported Molecular Metal Complexes and Clusters: Physical Characterization and Determination of Structure, Bonding, and Metal Oxidation State
Authors: Fierro‐Gonzalez Juan C. , Kuba Stefan , Hao Yalin , Gates Bruce C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Directing the Self‐Assembly of Nanocrystals Beyond Colloidal Crystallization
Authors: Zhang Hao , Edwards Erik W. , Wang Dayang , Moehwald Helmuth 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Design and Synthesis of New Classes of Heterocyclic C‐Glycoconjugates and Carbon‐Linked Sugar and Heterocyclic Amino Acids by Asymmetric Multicomponent Reactions (AMCRs)
Authors: Dondoni Alessandro , Massi Alessandro 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Emerging Technologies Supporting Chemical Process R&D and Their Increasing Impact on Productivity in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Rubin A. Erik , Tummala Srinivas , Both Douglas A. , Wang Chenchi , Delaney Edward J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
α‐Aminoalkyl‐α′‐halomethylketones: Preparation and Application to Pharmaceutically Interesting Compounds
Authors: Reeder Michael R. , Anderson Rebecca M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Large‐Scale Oxidations in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Caron Stephane , Dugger Robert W. , Ruggeri Sally Gut , Ragan John A. , Ripin David H. Brown 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Stereochemical Uniformity in Marine Polyether Ladders — Implications for the Biosynthesis and Structure of Maitotoxin
Authors: Gallimore Andrew R. , Spencer Jonathan B. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
The Development of SIMMER‐III, an Advanced Computer Program for LMFR Safety Analysis, and Its Application to Sodium Experiments
Authors: Tobita Y. , Kondo S. A. , Yamano H. , Morita K. , Maschek W. , Coste P. , Cadiou T. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Critical Assessment of Pharmaceutical Processes — A Rationale for Changing the Synthetic Route
Authors: Butters Mike , Catterick David , Craig Andrew , Curzons Alan , Dale David , Gillmore Adam , Green Stuart P. , Marziano Ivan , Sherlock Jon‐Paul , White Wesley 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering in Local Optical Fields of Silver and Gold Fields of Silver and Gold Nanoaggregates — From Single‐Molecule Raman Spectroscopy to Ultrasensitive Probing in Live Cells
Authors: Kneipp Katrin , Kneipp Harald , Kneipp Janina 
Published: September 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Survival outcome and predictors of gefitinib antitumor activity in East Asian chemonaive patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Chih‐Hsin , Shih Jin‐Yuan , Chen Kun‐Chieh , Yu Chong‐Jen , Yang Tsung‐Ying , Lin Ching‐Pei , Su Wen‐Pin , Gow Chien‐Hung , Hsu Chiun , Chang Gee‐Chen , Yang Pan‐Chyr 
Published: September 2006

AbstractBACKGROUND.Chemonaive patients had higher response rates than chemotherapy‐treated patients in previous analyses of East Asian patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. The survival outcome and the predictors for antitumor activity in chemonaive patients who received gefitinib as first‐line treatment are unclear.METHODS.Clinicopathologic predictive factors, objective tumor responses, and the survival of consecutive patients with advanced, chemonaive nonsmall cell lung cancer who received gefitinib as first‐line treatment were collected and analyzed. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine independent predictive factors for gefitinib antitumor efficacy.RESULTS.One hundred ninety‐six patients (112 males and 84 females) were analyzed. Ninety‐six patients (49%) were never smokers. One hundred forty‐four patients (73%) had adenocarcinoma or bronchioloalveolar carcinoma histology. One hundred twenty patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2. Eighty‐three patients (42%; 95% confidence interval, 36–49%) had an objective tumor response. An additional 35 patients had stable disease (disease control rate, 61%). The tumor response rate was 52% in patients who had a good performance status. Female gender, nonsmoking status, and adenocarcinoma histology all were independent predictors of response or disease control in multivariate analysis. The median survival was 11.1 months, and the 1‐year survival rate of patients who had a good performance status was 47.5%.CONCLUSIONS.The response rate to gefitinib was high in East Asian chemonaive patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Female gender, adenocarcinoma histology, and nonsmoking status all were independent predictors of gefitinib response. The survival outcome of these patients was similar to that of patients who initially received chemotherapy. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
The Cell‐Penetrating Peptide TAT(48‐60) Induces a Non‐Lamellar Phase in DMPC Membranes
Authors: Afonin Sergii , Frey Alexander , Bayerl Sybille , Fischer Dahlia , Wadhwani Parvesh , Weinkauf Sevil , Ulrich Anne S. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractCell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short polycationic sequences that can translocate into cells without disintegrating the plasma membrane. CPPs are useful tools for delivering cargo, but their molecular mechanism of crossing the lipid bilayer remains unclear. Here we study the interaction of the HIV‐derived CPP TAT (48‐60) with model membranes by solid‐state NMR spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The peptide induces a pronounced isotropic31P NMR signal in zwitterionic DMPC, but not in anionic DMPG bilayers. Octaarginine and to a lesser extent octalysine have the same effect, in contrast to other cationic amphiphilic membrane‐active peptides. The observed non‐lamellar lipid morphology is attributed to specific interactions of polycationic peptides with phosphocholine head groups, rather than to electrostatic interactions. Freeze‐fracture electron microscopy indicates that TAT(48‐60) induces the formation of rodlike, presumably inverted micelles in DMPC, which may represent intermediates during the translocation across eukaryotic membranes.
Diastereodifferentiation of Novel Naphthalene Dyads by Fluorescence Quenching and Excimer Formation
Authors: Abad Sergio , Vayá Ignacio , Jiménez M. Consuelo , Pischel Uwe , Miranda Miguel A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractFour new bichromophoric naphthalene dyads in form of diastereomeric pairs are synthesized and photophysically characterized. For a closely related group of compounds (NAP‐NAP, MNAP‐NAP, MNAP‐MNAP), systematic variation of the urea linker led to the observation of intramolecular fluorescence quenching for tertiary urea, but not for secondary urea. Chiral information contained in the dyads has an impact on the efficiency of this process. Furthermore, for the case of (R,R)‐MNAP‐MNAP, excimer formation in the pre‐organized dyad was noted, while being absent in the corresponding (R,S) diastereomer. These differences in photophysical behavior are ascribed to the geometry of the linker and to the chiral information contained in the diastereomeric compounds. Other dyads, such as NPX‐NPX, included naproxen as the chromophore. For these compounds strong excimer emission is obtained, however, only very small diastereodifferentiation is observed for the two investigated stereoisomers.
A method for deriving tap polynomials of LFSR generating syndromes by using a matrix‐reduction algorithm
Authors: Fujita Yutaka , Sugimura Tatsuo , Shibata Koki 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe Berlekamp–Massey method is a method of algebraic error correction in which the key equation, expressing the congruence relation of the received syndrome polynomial, the error locator polynomial, and the error evaluation polynomial, is solved and the error locator polynomial is derived as the shortest LFSR tap polynomial that generates the received syndrome. However, this method is rarely used because of its complex computation process. Consequently, this paper presents a method of deriving the LFSR tap polynomial that generates the received syndrome by the matrix‐reduction method. It is shown that all tap polynomials derived by the matrix‐reduction method have the error locator polynomial as a factor polynomial, and that the factor polynomial is uniquely derived as the error locator polynomial. It is also shown that the matrix‐reduction method is especially useful as a derivation procedure for the error locator polynomial in terms of processing time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 90(1): 30–45, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley. com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20234
Synthesis of transmission‐line filters with stubs using genetic algorithms
Authors: Yamamoto Takayuki , Sanada Hirofumi , Takezawa Megumi , Watanabe Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis paper discusses the design of transmission‐line filters with stubs by using the genetic algorithm. In many cases, the transmission‐line filter is realized by connecting equal‐length elements by several transform operations starting with the lumped‐element prototype filter. In the proposed method, the determination of the filter configuration is treated as an optimization problem. A structure realizing the desired characteristics is determined by the genetic algorithm (GA). In this case, the characteristic resistance and the section length in a certain section are arbitrary. Therefore, there is no regulation of the distribution of the characteristic resistances. Also, the filter can be constructed by cascade connection of unequally long sections. As a result, it is possible to obtain filters with structures different from the conventional ones. It will be possible to realize small filters of simpler structure and filters with frequency characteristics not easily treated by the filter structure consisting of a cascade connection of equal‐length elements. The actual design of several low‐pass filters is performed and it is demonstrated that the proposed method can be used as a design approach for a transmission‐line filter. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 90(1): 1–8, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20262
Glycol Methyl Ether and Glycol Amine Substituted Titanocenes as Antitumor Agents
Authors: Strohfeldt Katja , Müller‐Bunz Helge , Pampillón Clara , Sweeney Nigel J. , Tacke Matthias 
Published: September 2006

Abstract6‐[4‐(2‐Methoxyethoxy)phenyl]fulvene (3a) and 6‐{4‐[2‐(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl}fulvene (3b) were prepared as the starting materials for the synthesis of three different classes of titanocenes, which are ansa‐titanocenes, diarylmethyl‐substituted titanocenes and benzyl‐substituted titanocenes. Because the synthetic possibilities seem to be limited, only ansa‐titanocene {1,2‐bis(cyclopentadienyl)‐1,2‐bis[4‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)phenyl]ethanediyl}titanium dichloride (4a) and benzyl‐substituted titanocene bis‐{[4‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)benzyl]cyclopentadienyl}titanium(IV) dichloride (6a) were obtained and characterised. The change in the substitution pattern of the phenyl moiety from an oxygen atom to a nitrogen atom had such a big influence on the reaction that not one compound of the three titanocene classes could be synthesised, and it was also not possible to obtain diarylmethyl‐substituted titanocenes with the use of either of the fulvenes. When benzyl‐substituted titanocene 6a was tested against pig kidney cells (LLC‐PK), an antiproliferative effect that results in an IC50 value of 43 μM, was observed. This IC50 value is in the lower range of the cytotoxicities evaluated for titanocenes up to now. ansa‐Titanocene 4a surprisingly showed, when tested on the same cell line, a proliferative effect together with a fast rate of hydrolysis. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Pelvic ultrasonography in anorexia nervosa: what the clinician should ask the radiologist and how to use the information provided
Authors: Mason Helen D. , Key Adrienne , Allan Rosemary , Lask Bryan 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPelvic ultrasonography is generally regarded as the gold standard for determination of pelvic maturity and hence the need for further weight gain in patients with anorexia nervosa. Many clinicians, however, have limited knowledge of this technique. Here, we describe the use of pelvic ultrasonography in anorexia nervosa and present an algorithm to assist the clinician, both with what questions to ask from the radiologist, and how to use the information provided to determine the morphology and hence maturity of the pelvic organs. We then show how this information can be used to assign the level of pelvic maturity a grade from 1 to 5. Finally, we demonstrate use of this system in two patients who progressively gained weight until pelvic maturity was achieved. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Dynamic market behavior of autonomous network‐based power systems
Authors: Jokic A. , Wittebol E. H. M. , van den Bosch P. P. J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractDynamic models of real‐time markets are important since they lead to additional insights of the behavior and stability of power system markets. The main topic of this paper is the analysis of real‐time market dynamics in a novel power system structure that is based on the concept of autonomous networks. The concept of autonomous networks (AN), also briefly presented in the paper, is an approach that enables large‐scale integration of dispersed generation in a market‐based power system. A realistic, decentralized provision of power imbalance ancillary services is proposed and analyzed. It is based on control of power flow deviations among autonomous networks and is shown to have a stabilizing effect for the real‐time energy market. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Operational and structural optimization of multi‐carrier energy systems
Authors: Geidl Martin , Andersson Göran 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis paper presents an approach for the combined optimization of energy systems including multiple energy carriers such as electricity, natural gas, and district heat. Power flow and conversion between the different energy infrastructures are described as multi‐input multi‐output coupling, what enables simple analysis and optimization of the flows. While previous work deals with operational optimization (multi‐carrier optimal dispatch and power flow), this paper focuses on optimization of the couplings between the different networks, that is the structure of the system. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contribution of DG units to primary frequency control
Authors: Morren J. , de Haan S. W. H. , Ferreira J. A. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the electricity grid will result in a reduction of the number of connected conventional power plants, which are nowadays responsible for control of the electricity network frequency. Currently DG units do not contribute to frequency control. With increasing penetration of DG it will become necessary, however, that they also contribute to frequency control. A significant part of the DG units are connected to the grid by a power electronic converter. It is possible to implement additional control in this converter to let the DG unit contribute to frequency control. In this paper it is investigated how these controllers can be implemented and it is analysed how large the contribution of several types of DG units can be. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods for estimating stability regions with applications to power systems
Authors: Xin H. , Gan D. , Qiu J. , Qu Z. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractA specialized method for constructing a hyper‐ellipse that resides inside the stability regions of a class of nonlinear autonomous systems such as electric power systems is provided. This method is further generalized to estimate the stability region of a fairly general class of high dimension nonlinear autonomous systems. Applications of the introduced results to power system transient stability analysis are described, together with numerical examples. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new approach for selecting the switching states of SVPWM algorithm in multilevel inverter
Authors: Tuncer S. , Tatar Y. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThis paper presents a fast and real‐time space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm for multilevel inverters. A min.–max. method for selecting switching states is proposed for SVPWM algorithm. With the proposed method, the minimum switching commutation transition of between the triangles on the space vector diagram of the reference voltage vector is provided. The proposed SVPWM algorithm is also rather suitable for all values of linear modulation range and provides simplicity and applicability. Using this SVPWM algorithm, three‐phase voltages have been obtained from a five‐level cascade inverter. These voltages are applied to a three‐phase ac motor. The simulation results are verified by the experimental results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.