bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoengineering Biomaterials for Musculoskeletal Tissue Repair across Lifespan
Authors: Han Jin , Rindone Alexandra N. , Elisseeff Jennifer H. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractMusculoskeletal diseases and injuries are among the leading causes of pain and morbidity worldwide. Broad efforts have focused on developing pro‐regenerative biomaterials to treat musculoskeletal conditions; however, these approaches have yet to make a significant clinical impact. Recent studies have demonstrated that the immune system is central in orchestrating tissue repair and that targeting pro‐regenerative immune responses can improve biomaterial therapeutic outcomes. However, aging is a critical factor negatively affecting musculoskeletal tissue repair and immune function. Hence, understanding how age affects the response to biomaterials is essential for improving musculoskeletal biomaterial therapies. This review focuses on the intersection of the immune system and aging in response to biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue repair. The article introduces the general impacts of aging on tissue physiology, the immune system, and the response to biomaterials. Then, it explains how the adaptive immune system guides the response to injury and biomaterial implants in cartilage, muscle, and bone and discusses how aging impacts these processes in each tissue type. The review concludes by highlighting future directions for the development and translation of personalized immunomodulatory biomaterials for musculoskeletal tissue repair.
Anisotropic Morphing in Bistable Kirigami through Symmetry Breaking and Geometric Frustration
Authors: Qiao Chuan , Agnelli Filippo , Pokkalla Deepak Kumar , D'Ambrosio Nicholas , Pasini Damiano 
Published: February 2024

AbstractShape morphing in bistable kirigami enables remarkable functionalities appealing to a diverse range of applications across the spectrum of length scale. At the core of their shape shifting lies the architecture of their repeating unit, where highly deformable slits and quasi‐rigid rotating units often exhibit multiple symmetries that confer isotropic deployment obeying uniform scaling transformation. In this work, symmetry breaking in bistable kirigami is investigated to access geometric frustration and anisotropic morphing, enabling arbitrarily scaled deployment in planar and spatial bistable domains. With an analysis on their symmetry properties complemented by a systematic investigation integrating semi‐analytical derivations, numerical simulations, and experiments on elastic kirigami sheets, this work unveils the fundamental relations between slit symmetry, geometric frustration, and anisotropic bistable deployment. Furthermore, asymmetric kirigami units are leveraged in planar and flat‐to‐3D demonstrations to showcase the pivotal role of shear deformation in achieving target shapes and functions so far unattainable with uniformly stretchable kirigami. The insights provided in this work unveil the role of slit symmetry breaking in controlling the anisotropic bistable deployment of soft kirigami metamaterials, enriching the range of achievable functionalities for applications spanning deployable space structures, wearable technologies, and soft machines.
Coherent‐Resonance Enhancement of Sensing at the Exceptional Points
Authors: Chen Jingming , Xie Qinnan , Zhang Jingjing , Li Zhuo , Cui Tie Jun , Luo Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe branch point singularities in the Riemann surface of the parameter space are known as the exceptional points (EPs), at which two or more eigenvalues and their associated eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce. The abrupt bifurcation property around an EP shows a strong spectral response to external perturbations, and hence, is exploited as a new approach to ultrasensitive sensors. Recently, an intriguing proposal for implementing second‐order EPs in optical resonators with external perturbations has shown the superiority of non‐Hermitian degeneracies in the enhancement of sensing. Of particular importance is further improving the sensitivity to even greater extents. To this end, a novel physical mechanism is proposed, namely introducing extra resonances of external Rayleigh scatterers to accomplish strong‐coupling augmentation in sensing. The results, grounded by both theoretical coupled‐mode‐theory calculations and experimental spectral‐domain measurements, show that the EP‐based sensor working at the coherent resonance equips simultaneously substantial perturbation strength and azimuth sensitivity even subjected to extremely weak perturbations. This work paves the way to a new class of highly functional tunable sensors for applications in optics, microwave and acoustics.
Triggering Long Persistent Luminescence From Functionalizable Carbon Dots‐in‐Carbon Nitrides Composites Via Production of Deep‐Traps
Authors: Feng Linger , Jiang Kai , Xu Yixuan , Tong Xinyuan , Zhou Zuxu , Li Fengshi , Wang Xiaomeng , Zhang Yi , Lin Hengwei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDispersible and functionalizable long persistent luminescent (LPL) materials are highly desired for flexible use of LPL in various fields. However, synthesizing metal‐free LPL systems with stable long‐lived intermediates and reactive surface groups, which are key requirements for robust LPL and the ability to be functionalized, has proven to be challenging. Herein, the microwave‐assisted preparation of carbon dots (CDs)‐based LPL materials is demonstrated with abundant surface amino groups via in situ embedding of CDs into carbon nitrides (CNs). The incorporation of CDs leads to the formation of deep traps and promotes exciton transmission between CDs and trap states, contributing to the generation of LPL. By varying the embedded CDs, tunable LPL ranging from blue to yellow can be achieved, with a duration exceeding 10 min. Due to the covalent bonding between CDs and CNs, the materials (named CDs@CNs) exhibit robust LPL under ambient conditions and evenly dispersed in water through ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, the surface amino groups serve as sites for further modification, allowing for on‐demand performance design and control, such as adjustable hydrophilicity–hydrophobicity for various applications. This work provides new insights into designing superior flexible CDs‐based LPL materials and expanding the domain of metal‐free LPL materials.
Quantile Correlation‐Based Sufficient Variable Screening by Controlling False Discovery Rate
Authors: Qiu Han , Chen Jiaqing , Yuan Zihao 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSufficient variable screening (SVS) with the false discovery rate (FDR) controlled rapidly reduces dimensionality with high probability in high dimensional modeling. By using quantiles, this paper proposes a new SVS procedure by controlling the FDR based on two‐stage Pearson's goodness testing with Chi‐square statistics for high dimensional data, abbreviated as QC‐SVS‐FDR. Without any specified distribution of the actual model, the QC‐SVS‐FDR method screens important predictors by a series of testing procedures combined with the adaptive composite of Pearson's chi‐square statistics. The quantile correlation‐based sufficient utility is sensitive to capture the subtle correlations under different quantile levels and is easy to implement with computational efficiency. Asymptotic results and sufficient screening properties of the proposed methods are obtained under mild conditions. Numerical studies including simulation studies and real data analysis demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in practical settings.
Gasdermin‐E‐Dependent Non‐Canonical Pyroptosis Promotes Drug‐Induced Liver Failure by Promoting CPS1 deISGylation and Degradation
Authors: Ouyang Shen‐Xi , Zhu Jia‐Hui , Cao Qi , Liu Jian , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Yan , Wu Jing‐Wen , Sun Si‐Jia , Fu Jiang‐Tao , Chen Yi‐Ting , Tong Jie , Liu Yi , Zhang Jia‐Bao , Shen Fu‐Ming , Li Dong‐Jie , Wang Pei 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDrug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant global health issue that poses high mortality and morbidity risks. One commonly observed cause of DILI is acetaminophen (APAP) overdose. GSDME is an effector protein that induces non‐canonical pyroptosis. In this study, the activation of GSDME, but not GSDMD, in the liver tissue of mice and patients with APAP‐DILI is reported. Knockout of GSDME, rather than GSDMD, in mice protected them from APAP‐DILI. Mice with hepatocyte‐specific rescue of GSDME reproduced APAP‐induced liver injury. Furthermore, alterations in the immune cell pools observed in APAP‐induced DILI, such as the replacement of TIM4+ resident Kupffer cells (KCs) by monocyte‐derived KCs, Ly6C+ monocyte infiltration, MerTk+ macrophages depletion, and neutrophil increase, reappeared in mice with hepatocyte‐specific rescue of GSDME. Mechanistically, APAP exposure led to a substantial loss of interferon‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), resulting in deISGylation of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase‐1 (CPS1), promoted its degradation via K48‐linked ubiquitination, causing ammonia clearance dysfunction. GSDME deletion prevented these effects. Delayed administration of dimethyl‐fumarate inhibited GSDME cleavage and alleviated ammonia accumulation, mitigating liver injury. This findings demonstrated a previously uncharacterized role of GSDME in APAP‐DILI by promoting pyroptosis and CPS1 deISGylation, suggesting that inhibiting GSDME can be a promising therapeutic option for APAP‐DILI.
Single‐Layered Imine‐Linked Porphyrin‐Based Two‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks Targeting CO2 Reduction
Authors: Arisnabarreta Nicolás , Hao Yansong , Jin Enquan , Salamé Aude , Muellen Klaus , Robert Marc , Lazzaroni Roberto , Van Aert Sandra , Mali Kunal S. , De Feyter Steven 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) using porphyrin‐containing 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D‐COFs) catalysts is widely explored nowadays. While these framework materials are normally fabricated as powders followed by their uncontrolled surface heterogenization or directly grown as thin films (thickness >200 nm), very little is known about the performance of substrate‐supported single‐layered (≈0.5 nm thickness) 2D‐COFs films (s2D‐COFs) due to its highly challenging synthesis and characterization protocols. In this work, a fast and straightforward fabrication method of porphyrin‐containing s2D‐COFs is demonstrated, which allows their extensive high‐resolution visualization via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in liquid conditions with the support of STM simulations. The as‐prepared single‐layered film is then employed as a cathode for the electrochemical reduction of CO2. Fe porphyrin‐containing s2D‐COF@graphite used as a single‐layered heterogeneous catalyst provided moderate‐to‐high carbon monoxide selectivity (82%) and partial CO current density (5.1 mA cm−2). This work establishes the value of using single‐layered films as heterogene ous catalysts and demonstrates the possibility of achieving high performance in CO2 reduction even with extremely low catalyst loadings.
Identification of the factor affecting learning curves of laparoscopic gastrectomy through the experience at a Japanese high‐volume center over the last decade
Authors: Izumi Daisuke , Nunobe Souya , Ishizuka Naoki , Yagi Taisuke , Hayami Masaru , Makuuchi Rie , Ohashi Manabu , Watanabe Masayuki , Sano Takeshi 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundThough laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has become the gold standard for gastric cancer treatment according to the Japanese treatment guidelines, its learning curve remains steep. Decreasing numbers of surgeons and transitions in the work environment have changed LG training recently. We analyzed LG training over the last decade to identify factors affecting the learning curve.Study DesignLaparoscopic distal and pylorus‐preserving gastrectomies conducted between 2010 and 2020 were included. We assessed learning curves based on the standard operation time (SOT) defined by analysis of covariance. Then we divided the trainees into two groups based on the length of the learning curve and examined the factors affecting the learning curve with linear regression analysis.ResultsAmong 2335 LGs, 960 cases treated by 27 trainees and 1301 cases treated by six attending surgeons were analyzed. The operation time was prolonged (p = 0.009) and postoperative morbidity rates were lower (p = 0.0003) for cases treated by trainees. Trainees experienced 38 (range, 9–81) cases as scopists and nine (range, 0–41) cases as first assistants to the first operator. The learning curve was approximately 30 cases. The SOT was calculated based on gender, body mass index, tumor location, reconstruction, and lymph node dissection. Trainees who had shorter learning curves had more experience (51–100 cases) with any laparoscopic surgery before LG training than the others (11–50 cases, p = 0.017).ConclusionSufficient experience with laparoscopic surgery before starting LG training might contribute to the efficiency of LG training and shorten the learning curve.
Religious minority identity associates with stress and psychological health among Muslim and Hindu women in Bangladesh and London
Authors: Dornisch S. J. , Sievert L. L. , Sharmeen T. , Begum K. , Muttukrishna S. , Chowdhury O. , Bentley G. R. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined the association of minority religious identification (Hindu or Muslim) with self‐reported stress and psychological symptoms among sedentee and immigrant Bangladeshi women.MethodsWomen, aged 35–59 (n = 531) were drawn from Sylhet, Bangladesh and London, England. Muslim immigrants in London and Hindu sedentees in Sylhet represented minority religious identities. Muslim sedentees in Sylhet and Londoners of European descent represented majority religious identities. In bivariate analyses, minority religious identity was examined in relation to self‐reported measures of stress, nervous tension, and depressed mood. Logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between these variables while adjusting for marital status, parity, daily walking, and perceived financial comfort.ResultsIn bivariate analyses, religious minorities reported more stress than religious majorities in all group comparisons (p < .05), and minority Muslims reported more nervous tension and depressed mood than majority Muslims (p < .05). In logistic regression models, minority Muslims had greater odds of high stress than majority Muslims (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.18–3.39). Minority Muslims had greater odds of stress (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.51–6.17) and nervous tension (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.66–6.87) than majority Londoners. Financial comfort reduced odds of stress and symptoms in all models.ConclusionsSocioeconomic situation, immigration history, and minority ethnicity appear to influence the relationship between religious identity and psychosomatic symptoms in Bangladeshi women. Attention to personal and socioeconomic context is important for research examining the association between religion and mental health.
Photoresponsive Covalent Organic Frameworks: Visible‐Light Controlled Conversion of Porous Structures and Its Impacts
Authors: Feng Yu , Wang Guangtong , Liu Ruoyang , Ye Xingyao , Tao Shanshan , Addicoat Matthew A. , Li Zhongping , Jiang Qiuhong , Jiang Donglin 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks are a novel class of crystalline porous polymers that enable molecular design of extended polygonal skeletons to attain well‐defined porous structures. However, construction of a framework that allows remote control of pores remains a challenge. Here we report a strategy that merges covalent, noncovalent, and photo chemistries to design photoresponsive frameworks with reversibly and remotely controllable pores. We developed a topology‐guided multicomponent polycondensation system that integrates protruded tetrafluoroazobenzene units as photoresponsive sites on pore walls at predesigned densities, so that a series of crystalline porous frameworks with the same backbone can be constructed to develop a broad spectrum of pores ranging from mesopores to micropores. Distinct from conventional azobenzene‐based systems, the tetrafluoroazobenzene frameworks are highly sensitive to visible lights to undergo high‐rate isomerization. The photoisomerization exerts profound effects on pore size, shape, number, and environment, as well as molecular uptake and release, rendering the system able to convert and switch pores reversibly and remotely with visible lights. Our results open a way to a novel class of smart porous materials with pore structures and functions that are convertible and manageable with visible lights.
Extended Enrichment for Ultrasensitive Detection of Low‐Frequency Mutations by Long Blocker Displacement Amplification
Authors: Si Yunpei , Wang Xiawen , Su Xinglei , Weng Zhi , Hu Qiongzheng , Li Qian , Fan Chunhai , Zhang David Yu , Wang Yunshan , Luo Shihua , Song Ping 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDetecting low‐frequency DNA mutations hotspots cluster is critical for cancer diagnosis but remains challenging. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is constrained by sensitivity, and allele‐specific PCR is restricted by throughput. Here we develop a long blocker displacement amplification (LBDA) coupled with qPCR for ultrasensitive and multiplexed variants detection. By designing long blocker oligos to perfectly match wildtype sequences while mispairing with mutants, long blockers enable 14–44 nt enrichment regions which is 2‐fold longer than normal BDA in the experiments. For wild template with a specific nucleotide, LBDA can detect different mutation types down to 0.5 % variant allele frequency (VAF) in one reaction, with median enrichment fold of 1,000 on 21 mutant DNA templates compared to the wild type. We applied LBDA‐qPCR to detect KRAS and NRAS mutation hotspots, utilizing a single plex assay capable of covering 81 mutations and tested in synthetic templates and colorectal cancer tissue samples. Moreover, the mutation types were verified through Sanger sequencing, demonstrating concordance with results obtained from next generation sequencing. Overall, LBDA‐qPCR provides a simple yet ultrasensitive approach for multiplexed detection of low VAF mutations hotspots, presenting a powerful tool for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
Selective Electrochemical Modification and Degradation of Polymers
Authors: Hughes Rhys W. , Marquez Joshua D. , Young James B. , Garrison John B. , Zastrow Isabella S. , Evans Austin M. , Sumerlin Brent S. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractWe demonstrate that electrochemical‐induced decarboxylation enables reliable post‐polymerization modification and degradation of polymers. Polymers containing N‐(acryloxy)phthalimides were subjected to electrochemical decarboxylation under mild conditions, which led to the formation of transient alkyl radicals. By installing these redox‐active units, we systematically modified the pendent groups and chain ends of polyacrylates. This approach enabled the production of poly(ethylene‐co‐methyl acrylate) and poly(propylene‐co‐methyl acrylate) copolymers, which are difficult to synthesize by direct polymerization. Spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques reveal these transformations are near‐quantitative on several polymer systems. Electrochemical decarboxylation also enables the degradation of all‐methacrylate poly(N‐(methacryloxy)phthalimide‐co‐methyl methacrylate) copolymers with a degradation efficiency of >95 %. Chain cleavage is achieved through the decarboxylation of the N‐hydroxyphthalimide ester and subsequent β‐scission of the backbone radical. Electrochemistry is thus shown to be a powerful tool in selective polymer transformations and controlled macromolecular degradation.
Anticancer activity and morphological analysis of Pt (II) complexes: Their DFT approach, docking simulation, and ADME‐Tox profiling
Authors: Rossi Arianna , Stagno Claudio , Piperno Anna , Iraci Nunzio , Panseri Silvia , Montesi Monica , Feizi‐Dehnayebi Mehran , Bassi Giada , Di Pietro Maria Letizia , Micale Nicola 
Published: February 2024

A consistent series of Pt (II) polypyridyl complexes (i.e., LDP‐10–25), previously obtained and characterized by our research group, underwent extensive biological investigations to verify their activity profile as target‐based anticancer agents. Preliminary in vitro screening at 10 μM against three tumor cell lines known to overexpress DNA G‐4 (MDA‐MB 231, U87, and U2‐OS) pointed out that four of them, namely, LDP‐15, LDP‐16, LDP‐24, and LDP‐25, had promising cytotoxic activity compared with cisplatin. Therefore, these four compounds were selected for continuous assays against the same three cell lines and morphological analyses on U2‐OS cells that showed IC50 values in the micromolar range and remarkable changes in nuclei shape and cytoskeleton integrity, respectively. Docking studies supported the idea that the antiproliferative activity of the complexes could be attributed to their interaction via a hybrid binding mode with the intended molecular target, DNA G‐4. In addition, in silico ADME‐Tox profiling studies showed no risk of tumorigenic, irritant, or reproductive effects for the title compounds. DFT calculations were used to verify the structural characteristics of the four selected compounds and to investigate their electronic behavior. Overall, the results obtained, both experimentally and theoretically, indicate that LDP‐15, LDP‐16, LDP‐24, and LDP‐25 complexes could be useful for further study as potential therapeutic agents.
Alternative during‐growth chlorination of sputtered CdTe films and their implementation as activating layers in CdS/CdTe solar cells
Authors: Calderón‐Martínez Abraham Israel , Jiménez‐Sandoval Omar , Rodríguez‐Melgarejo Francisco , Hernández‐Landaverde Martín Adelaido , Flores‐Ruiz Francisco Javier , Jiménez‐Sandoval Sergio Joaquín 
Published: February 2024

AbstractCadmium telluride is an efficient light absorbing material successfully used in solar cell technology. The efficiency of such photovoltaic devices is strongly dependent on post‐deposition thermal treatments in the presence of chlorine. The benefits of this process on the absorbing layer include removal of intragrain defects, grain growth enhancement, and grain boundaries passivation. The absorber chlorination is a crucial step for which CdCl2 is the most common choice. Its use, however, has been overshadowed by the toxicity of Cd‐ and Cl‐containing vapors and residues. In this work, chlorine was incorporated in CdTe films during growth using sputtering targets with different chloride compounds: CdCl2, TeCl4, BaCl2, CaCl2, or LiCl. After characterizing these films, CdTe:CdCl2 and CdTe:TeCl4 were selected as feasible absorbers for testing their performance in photovoltaic devices. Efficiencies near 7% were obtained in as‐grown unoptimized cells in which the absorber consisted of two layers: pristine CdTe and CdTe:CdCl2 or CdTe:TeCl4. The chlorinated layers acted as Cl sources for the adjacent CdTe and CdS, which produced a homogeneous distribution of chlorine throughout the cell. In the during‐growth activating‐layer (DG‐AL) method used here, the chlorine diffusion during growth had a doping effect, passivated grain boundaries and defects, improved the back contact characteristics by reducing the CdTe work function, and lowered the pinhole formation probability by producing a compact chlorinated CdTe layer.