bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerobic exercise during adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood: A cohort study using Add Health
Authors: Córdoba-Grueso Whitney S. , Galaviz Karla I. , Parker Maria A. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction
The prevalence of anxiety disorders, and mental chronic diseases, has increased over the last decade among adolescents. Since aerobic exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases and stress symptoms, we aimed to examine the association between aerobic exercise in adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood.

Methods
Self-reported, publicly available data from 5,114 adolescents who participated in Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) was analyzed from 1994–2009. We included US-based individuals aged 16 years on average and observed them for 15 years. Weighted Poisson regression models estimated the association between aerobic exercise in Wave I (1994, baseline) and anxiety disorders in Wave IV (2009, adulthood), adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and substance use at baseline.

Results
Overall, 639/5,114 (weighted 12.96%) individuals experienced anxiety disorders at baseline. Age and sex differed significantly across all exercise groups (p’s<0.001). Aerobic exercise did not significantly protect against anxiety disorders in adulthood: compared to adolescents who did not exercise at all, those who exercised 1–2 times/week had 0.85 times the prevalence of anxiety disorders during adulthood (95% CI = 0.65, 1.12; p = 0.25). Those who exercised 3–4 times/week had 0.81 times the prevalence (95% CI = 0.61, 1.08, p = 0.15) and those who exercised 5+ times/week had 0.84 times the prevalence (95% CI = 0.63, 1.13, p = 0.25) than those who did not exercise at all.

Conclusion
Aerobic Exercise in adolescence did not protect against anxiety disorders in adulthood. More evidence is needed on this association, including using homogeneous measures of exercise and repeated measures methods.
Determinants of stillbirth among women who delivered in hospitals of North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: A case-control study
Authors: Abriham Atnaf Alem , Shitie Eyob , Melese Sisay , Dessie Anteneh Mengist , Bizuneh Asmamaw Demis 
Published: April 2024

Background
Stillbirth is a silent tragedy that shatters the lives of women, families, and nations. Though affecting over 2 million infants globally in 2019, it remains overlooked, with no specific targets dedicated to its reduction in the sustainable development goals. Insufficient knowledge regarding the primary risk factors contributing to stillbirths hinders efforts to reduce its occurrence. Driven by this urgency, this study focused on identifying the determinants of stillbirth among women giving birth in hospitals across North Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methodology
This study employed an institution-based unmatched case-control design, involving a randomly selected sample of 412 women (103 cases and 309 controls) who gave birth in hospitals of North Wollo Zone. Data were collected using a structured data extraction checklist. Data entry was conducted using Epi-data version 3.1, and analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Employing a multivariable logistic regression model, we identified independent predictors of stillbirth. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05.

Results
Our analysis revealed several critical factors associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. Women who experienced premature rupture of membranes (AOR = 5.53, 95% CI: 2.33–9.94), induced labor (AOR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.24–4.07), prolonged labor exceeding 24 hours (AOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.94–7.45), absence of partograph monitoring during labor (AOR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.41–4.26) were all significantly associated with increased risk of stillbirth. Preterm birth (AOR = 3.46, 95% CI: 1.87–6.39), post-term birth (AOR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.35–8.91), and carrying a female fetus (AOR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.02–3.22) were at a higher risk of stillbirth.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of early intervention and close monitoring for women experiencing premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, or induced labor. Additionally, consistent partograph use and enhanced prenatal care for pregnancies at risk of preterm or post-term birth could potentially contribute to reducing stillbirth rates and improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the observed association between fetal sex and stillbirth risk.
Research on an innovative design and evaluation method of Chinese tea sets based on GT-AHP-FCE
Authors: Zhao YanXiao , Hamat Basyarah , Wang Tao , Wang SongEn , Pang Leah Ling Li 
Published: April 2024

Aims
In order to explore new consumer demands for Chinese tea set products, propose an innovative tea set product design and evaluation method to improve the user experience and satisfaction of the produced tea sets, thereby promoting the development of the tea set market and the promotion of tea culture.

Methods
Firstly, grounded theory (GT) was used to analyze interview data to extract consumer demand indicators and construct a design evaluation hierarchical model. Secondly, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to calculate the weights of the indicators, determine their priority of importance, and obtain several indicators that have a greater impact on the tea set design to guide innovative design practice. Lastly, the tea set design schemes were evaluated using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to select the optimal design scheme and also to act as a guideline for further design optimization.

Conclusion
This study explores the innovative design and evaluation method for tea set products based on GT-AHP-FCE and validates the feasibility of this approach through a practical example of tea set design inspired by “The Classic of Mountains and Seas.”. It provides innovative theoretical and practical guidance for designers of subsequent tea set products and also provides a new path for the inheritance and innovation of traditional culture.
Development of a prognostic risk score to predict early mortality in incident elderly Japanese hemodialysis patients
Authors: Okada Hirokazu , Ono Atsushi , Tomori Koji , Inoue Tsutomu , Hanafusa Norio , Sakai Ken , Narita Ichiei , Moriyama Toshiki , Isaka Yoshitaka , Fukami Kei , Itano Seiji , Kanda Eiichiro , Kashihara Naoki 
Published: April 2024

Background
Information of short-term prognosis after hemodialysis (HD) introduction is important for elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their families choosing a modality of renal replacement therapy. Therefore, we developed a risk score to predict early mortality in incident elderly Japanese hemodialysis patients.

Materials and methods
We analyzed data of incident elderly HD patients from a nationwide cohort study of the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry (JRDR) to develop a prognostic risk score. Candidate risk factors for early death within 1 year was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The risk score was developed by summing up points derived from parameter estimate values of independent risk factors. The association between risk score and early death was tested using Cox proportional hazards models. This risk score was validated twice by using an internal validation cohort derived from the JRDR and an external validation cohort collected for this study.

Results
Using the development cohort (n = 2,000), nine risk factors were retained in the risk score: older age (>85), yes = 2, no = 0; sex, male = 2, female = 0; lower body mass index (<20), yes = 2, no = 0; cancer, yes = 1, no = 0; dementia, yes = 3, no = 0; lower creatinine (<6.5 mg/dL), yes = 1, no = 0; lower albumin (<3.0 g/dL), yes = 3, no = 0; normal or high calcium (≥8.5 mg/dL), yes = 1, no = 0; and higher C reactive protein (>2.0 mg/dL), yes = 2, no = 0. In the internal and external validation cohorts (n = 739, 140, respectively), the medium- and high-risk groups (total score, 6 to 10 and 11 or more, respectively) showed significantly higher risk of early death than the low-risk group (total score, 0 to 5) (p<0.001).

Conclusion
We developed a prognostic risk score predicting early death within 1 year in incident elderly Japanese HD patients, which may help detect elderly patients with a high-risk of early death after HD introduction.
Response of yield and quality of Japonica rice to different gradients of moisture deficit at grain-filling stage in cold regions
Authors: Fan Mingyu , Lin Tian , Sun Shixin , Hou Miao , Yang Chuanming , Hu Congcong , Li Hongyu , Zheng Guiping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Water stress significantly affects on rice yield and quality. Eight Japonica varieties from the first and second accumulated temperature zones of Heilongjiang Province were used as materials and four moisture gradients (0, −10, −25 and −40 kPa) were conducted at the grain-filling stage to clarify the effect of water stress on the rice yield and quality in cold regions. The results showed that the rice yield was reduced due to the decrease in the seed setting rate. Rice chalkiness was significantly increased by drought stress, especially under −10 kPa. The protein content of most varieties was significantly reduced and taste quality was increased under −25 to −40 kPa. The effect on protein components increased with increasing drought stress. The gel consistency decreased and the average chain length of amylopectin was less affected by drought. With an increase in moisture deficit, the rapid viscosity analyzer characteristics and chain length distribution of amylopectin showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing or decreasing and then increasing. The response of starch to mild and severe drought varied. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of water and high quality and yield of Japonica rice.
Vibration suppression of smart composite beam using model predictive controller
Authors: Alsahlani Assaad , Alsabery Ammar I. , Al-Khateeb Amjed , Eidan Adel A. , Alshukri Mohammed J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work presents an adaptive model predictive control (MPC) strategy to suppress the vibration in a laminated composite beam. The control method incorporates a system identification algorithm to estimate the system parameters online, which provides a precise simulation of system dynamics. A fixed-free cantilever composite beam equipped with piezoelectric actuators was used to evaluate the efficacy of the control method. The sensors and actuators are securely bonded to the upper and lower surfaces at arbitrary locations along the beam’s length. A unified mechanical displacement field is applied to all layers, while displacements are considered independently for each layer. The beam is composed of eight layers of material, each with a thickness of 0.2 mm and orientations specified as (90°/0°/90°/0°). To achieve the best performance, the parameters of the MPC were adjusted numerically. The numerical analysis revealed that placing the actuator near the clamped end at the fixed end resulted in superior control outcomes, with a settling time of approximately 1.8 s. Conversely, the longest settling time occurred when the actuator was positioned at the free end, taking around 4 s. This model could potentially be expanded to address vibration in more intricate beams exhibiting nonlinear characteristics. The deflection readings measured at the end of the beam have been utilized as feedback control signals for predicting future behavior over a predetermined control horizon. The subsequent cost function is minimized through a quadratic equation to determine the sequence of optimal yet constrained control inputs. The suggested active vibration control system is then implemented and assessed numerically to examine the effectiveness of the control method.
Heavy mesons mass spectroscopy under a spin-dependent Cornell potential within the framework of the spinless Salpeter equation
Authors: Jahanshir Arezu , Omugbe Ekwevugbe , Aniezi Joseph Ngene , Njoku Ifeanyi Jude , Onate Clement Atachegbe , Eyube Edwin Samson , Ogundeji Samuel Olugbade , Mbamara Chinonso , Obodo Raphael Mmaduka , Onyeaju Michael Chukwudi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The energy bound-state solutions of the spinless Salpeter equation (SSE) have been obtained under a spin-dependent Cornell potential function via the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation. The energy levels were applied to predict the mass spectra for the charmonium, bottomonium, and bottom-charmed mesons. The relativistic corrections for the angular momentum quantum number

l
>
0

l\gt 0

, total angular momentum quantum numbers

j
=
l
,

j
=
l
±
1

j=l,\hspace{.3em}j=l\pm 1

, and the radial quantum numbers n = 1–4 improve the mass spectra. The results agree fairly with experimental data and theoretic results reported in existing works, where the authors utilized different forms of the inter-quark potentials and methods. The deviation of the obtained masses for the charmonium and bottomonium from the observed data yields a total percentage error of 3.32 and 1.11%, respectively. The results indicate that the accuracy of the masses is correlated with the magnitude of masses for the charm and bottom quarks. The SSE together with the phenomenological spin-dependent Cornell potential provides an adequate account of the mass spectroscopy for the heavy mesons and may be used to predict other spectroscopic parameters.
Mechanical testing and engineering applicability analysis of SAP concrete used in buffer layer design for tunnels in active fault zones
Authors: Jun Cao , Zheshu Wu , Zhen Cui , Xiancheng Mei 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To tackle the challenge of dislocation damage when tunnels traverse active fault zones, this study introduces the concept of using brittle buffer materials for anti-dislocation. Building on this concept, we propose a novel concrete buffer material utilizing large-sized spherical super absorbent polymers (SAP) as a porogen, aimed at ensuring the safety of tunnel structures during active fault dislocations. To investigate the feasibility and superiority of SAP concrete as a buffer material compared to other similar materials, we prepared samples with three different SAP concrete proportions and conducted a series of physical and mechanical tests. The results show that SAP pre-hydrated with 0.2 mol·L−1 sodium carbonate solution exhibits a slower rate of moisture loss in the cement slurry, aiding the hydration reaction of concrete. The permeability coefficient of SAP concrete is approximately 10−7 cm·s−1, slightly lower than foam concrete of the same density level. SAP concrete buffer material demonstrates significant brittleness, in contrast to the mostly ductile nature of other buffers such as foam concrete and rubberized concrete. Utilizing the brittle nature of SAP concrete materials, when applied to tunnels affected by stick–slip active fault dislocations, its instantaneous loss of compressive capacity provides excellent yield performance, thus protecting the tunnel lining from damage. However, under certain circumferential pressure conditions, both the peak and residual strength of SAP concrete significantly increase. High peak and residual strengths do not favor the effective buffering effect of SAP concrete; therefore, an approach involving the intermittent arrangement of precast buffer blocks has been proposed for application.
The ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis alleviates brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rabbits by activating PI3K/Akt signaling
Authors: Cheng Jing , Yang Hong , Chen Fang , Qiu Li , Chen Fang , Du Yanhua , Meng Xiangping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Death among resuscitated patients is mainly caused by brain injury after cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). The angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7)/Mas receptor (MasR) axis has beneficial effects on brain injury. Therefore, we examined the roles of the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis in brain injury after CA/CPR.

Method
We used a total of 76 male New Zealand rabbits, among which 10 rabbits underwent sham operation and 66 rabbits received CA/CPR. Neurological functions were determined by assessing serum levels of neuron-specific enolase and S100 calcium-binding protein B and neurological deficit scores. Brain water content was estimated. Neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays. The expression levels of various genes were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting.

Results
Ang-(1-7) (MasR activator) alleviated CA/CPR-induced neurological deficits, brain edema, and neuronal damage, and A779 (MasR antagonist) had the opposite functions. The stimulation of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR inactivated the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis and activated PI3K/Akt signaling. Inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling inhibited Ang-(1-7)-mediated protection against brain damage after CA/CPR.

Conclusion
Collectively, the ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis alleviates CA/CPR-induced brain injury through attenuating hippocampal neuronal apoptosis by activating PI3K/Akt signaling.
Palaeolakes, caves and settlement during the Pleistocene and Holocene around Tsakhiurtyn Hundi, Mongolia
Authors: Masojć Mirosław , Gunchinsuren Byambaa , Szykulski Józef , Michalec Grzegorz , Bazargur Dashzeveg , Sikora Rafał , Odsuren Davaakhuu , Bobrowski Przemysław , Jórdeczka Maciej , Wójcik Antoni , Gałaś Andrzej , Szmit Marcin , Gankhuyag Odpurev , Osypińska Marta , Namjilmaa Enkhtaivan , David Éva 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe authors present results from a new research project focusing on the prehistory of the area surrounding a vast flint outcrop in Mongolia, called Tsakhiurtyn Hundi, in the borderland between the Gobi-Altai Mountains and Gobi Desert. They present the discovery of a cave and the results of its exploration, confirming its use by Pleistocene hunter-gatherers.
La calidad estética como objeto de investigación en contextos educativos. Un ensayo sobre la normatividad de lo pedagógico y lo estético
Authors: Willatt Carlos , Castro-Sosa Daniela , Salinas-Trujillo Romina , Vásquez-Orrego Valentina 
Published: April 2024

The notion of aesthetic quality addresses a dimension of educational processes that is still scarcely explored and linked to various modes of sensitive perception in pedagogical times and spaces. Regarding aesthetics as a constitutive dimension of educational quality in general, we examine two critical aspects for its research: 1) the normative implications of the notion of quality; 2) the normative distinctions that operate implicitly or explicitly in the pedagogical and aesthetic realm. The essay is developed in four moments. First, we present the state of the art of the research on aesthetic quality in Chile drawing on the example of research on school environment. Second, we analyze the difficulties posed by this notion in pedagogical and aesthetic terms. Third, we distinguish three types of normativity in this kind of research (perceptual, aesthetic and pedagogical). Finally, we offer some reflections on the scope and limits of researching this notion.
Особливості сезонного розвитку Juglans regia L. у Правобережному Лісостепу України
Authors: Mahuran Volodymyr , Osadсhuk Leonid 
Published: April 2024

Досліджено особливості сезонного розвитку горіха грецького (Juglans regia L.) у кліматичних умовах Правобережного Лісостепу України впродовж 2019-2021 рр. Встановлено, що в умовах регіону першими розпочинають вегетацію дерева горіха грецького у полезахисних і плантаційних насадженнях, а ці фенофази у лісових фітоценозах настають пізніше на 12-14 діб. Такий інтервал може бути зумовлений впливом агротехнічних умов, грунтовими і гідрологічними особливостями та іншими чинниками, які визначають розвиток рослин у різних екосистемах.
Тривалість вегетаційного періоду плантаційних насаджень на території Правобережного Лісостепу становить у середньому 183 доби, а лісових деревостанів – 186 діб. Сорти горіха грецького 'Вебу 6' та 'Єфрем 1', вирощені на території Вінницької області, вегетують упродовж меншого періоду часу порівняно з місцевими, американськими та європейськими сортами й формами. Подібні особливості визначено також щодо термінів і темпів росту й розвитку – дослідні сорти горіха грецького починають розвиватися раніше й раніше завершують ріст, що характеризує їх як більш зимостійкі.
Отримані результати також вказують на істотну різницю між найбільш ранніми та найбільш пізніми датами настання фенологічних фаз горіха грецького на дослідних ділянках. Це свідчить про важливі генетичні особливості цього деревного виду, які визначають необхідний інтервал часу та суму ефективних температур для його нормального розвитку.
Кліматичні умови Правобережного Лісостепу сприятливі для широкого культивування сортів горіха грецького – 'Вебу 6' та 'Єфрем 1'. Їхній фенологічний ритм відповідає тривалості вегетаційного періоду на території Правобережного Лісостепу.
Настання кожної фенологічної фази вегетації горіха грецького залежить від генетично зумовленого інтервалу часу, а сезонні ритми розвитку є виявом його пристосування до змін у навколишньому середовищі. Дати фенологічного розвитку сортів 'Вебу 6' та 'Єфрем 1' не виходять за межі сезонних ритмів в умовах Правобережного Лісостепу, тому ці сорти є перспективними для використання у цьому регіоні.
Vulnerability assessment of Ukrainian forests as the basis of nature-based solutions for mitigation and adaptation to climate change
Authors: Buksha Ihor , Pyvovar Tetiana , Bondaruk Maryna , Pasternak Volodymyr , Krakovska Svitlana 
Published: April 2024

A wide range of climatic conditions in Ukraine causes significant regional differences in the vulnerability of forests to the current rapid climate change. The mitigation/adaptation strategy should be based on assessments of their vulnerability at the regional level.
Phytoindication model by Prof. Y.P. Didukh was used to assess forest vulnerability. The model provides a quantitative estimation of climate as one of the major environmental factors affecting the distribution, condition and productivity of vegetation on the base of climate-related indicators – continentality, humidity and frost. For these indicators climate suitability scales were calculated. The modeling was carried out for the main forest species: Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, Betula pendula Roth., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. Climate projections based on the Euro CORDEX time series (up to 2100) and 2 scenarios of the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5, RCP 8.5) were used. Using Q-GIS, the maps containing zones of suitability to climate for each of the studied species were created for current climate conditions and future time series.
The directions for strengthening the mitigation and adaptive capacity of forests are considered. The mainstream for nature-based solutions is adaptive sustainable forest management, which provides: 1) optimization of land use structure and increasing the forested area; 2) development and implementation of a national forestry program considering the priorities of climate change and low-carbon development; 3) using wood to substitute greenhouse gas intensive-materials and fossil fuels; 4) the best forestry practices through the introduction of modern Climate-Smart Forestry principles.